You will need to enable the Universe repository to install the package.

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

remove the # from the beginning of the lines that look something like:

deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty universe
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty universe
deb http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates universe
deb-src http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-updates universe

Save and then refresh your repository information:

sudo apt-get update

To install the package:

sudo apt-get install lm-sensors

Linked Question:

How to use lm-sensors?


I installed an app from an untrusted source? What to do now?

Gimpshop is just a little bit modified version of Gimp for Windows and Mac.

On Ubuntu, please just use the plain Gimp which is packaged fine in the main repositories and available straight form the Software Centre.

The package you downloaded appears to be a very blunt single package of Gimp 2.2 (really old!), built in 2006 (!) with all its dependencies in it. The README files reads

  The GNU Image Manipulation Program Version 2.2

  This is version 2.2 of The GIMP.

It looks harmless by looking at the content.

It has no install script hooks (preinst, postinst, etc.) in place. This means it's just a simple unpacking of files.
The above makes it very clear: it's not responsible for removing the package from your download folder.
The binaries themselves are hard to check. If you haven't run the program then you don't have to worry about it.
The quality of the package is really poor and it appears to be built by a very simple "checkinstall" script. This may explain why Software Centre wasn't able to handle it properly.

So, just remove it completely using your package management:

sudo apt-get remove --purge gimpshop


I guess you are looking for this:

0 0 */2 * * reboot

Every 2 day on all weeks and months at 00:00 runs the reboot command.

The ones you already added to your crontab file are running 2 script each time you boot your system.


How to generate environment variable name dynamically and export it

You could use printf -v to create variables dynamically, for example:

temp=somename
echo $temp
printf -v $temp "Test value"
echo $somename

This will output "Test value".

Note that temp="$(date +%s)" won't work, because the output of $(date +%s) is numeric, and variable names in Bash cannot start with a number. You would have to give it a non-numeric prefix, for example:

temp="t$(date +%s)"

To export the variable, you can simply do:

export $temp

Here's a complete example, with proof that the variable really gets exported in the environment:

temp=t$(date +%s)
echo $temp
printf -v $temp "Test value"
export $temp
sh -c "echo \$$temp"

Outputs for example:

t1486060416
Test value


Problem configuring dhcp server: Job failed to start

Seems like you need a space instead of dash,

You have:

option domain-name-servers-192.168.2.1;

But it should be:

option domain-name-servers 192.168.2.1;


What is Show state icon in omnibox in Google Chrome?

Enabling "Show state icon on omnibox" will always show you the operable icon on address bar ( a.k.a Omnibox) as here

The right to Red ABP is your icon . The extension simply uses Keyboard Backspace Button to go to your previously visited section of the webpage you are currently active.


Is having the 'swap' partition at the 'beginning' better than at the 'end'?

Forget swords and balls on string. Think of a stack of CD platters and then you will have in mind an image closer to what a hard drive is actually like.

Wikipedia on hard disks

Think also of the amount of Memory in the computer and ask, how often does the swap partition get used? Your question could be irrelevant. Disks do not have a beginning or an end. They have outer edges and inner edges. Data is placed across more than one platter. Seek times and access times, as well as spin speeds, would turn any answer into a debate.

Note this point from the Wikipedia article under HDD Formatting

  Modern HDDs ... appear at their interfaces as a contiguous set of logical blocks; typically 512 bytes long

It only appears that has a beginning and an end. If performance is a concern then more RAM will have a greater effect than the placement of the swap partition.


Using ap-hotspot to share a proxy connection

The ap-hotspot solution is slightly out of date and has the added disadvantages of being complicated and incompatible with socks proxies. A simpler solution is to use ubuntu's built in network-manager to create the hotspot as detailed by http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2014/09/3-ways-create-wifi-hotspot-ubuntu/

TCP traffic from the hotspot can be passed through the ssh -D socks proxy using redsocks. With redsocks installed and configured one can use iptables to redirect all traffic from the wifi hotspot to redsocks which then passes it through the socks proxy.

For instance if your wifi hotspot is on the 10.42.0.1/24 subnet and the incoming redsocks port is 12345 issue:

sudo iptables -F
sudo iptables -t nat -F
sudo iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -s 10.42.0.0/24 -p tcp -j REDIRECT --to-ports 12345

For a detailed set of instructions visit http://abidmujtaba.blogspot.com/2016/07/ubuntu-create-wifi-hotspot-access-point.html


How to install adobe flash player for embedded Steam browser (Garry's Mod Cinema gamemode)

This is a side-effect of 32bit Steam needing 32bit Flash. If you're on a 64bit install, you're most likely only going to have 64bit copies of Flash installed. You're not the first person to hit this problem though and Valve has already published a guide on how to fix it.

The short of it is you create a plugins directory under your Steam dir (with mkdir -p ~/.steam/bin/plugins, if you like) and then copy the downloaded 32bit libflashplayer.so into it. Restart Steam and you should be good.


Happened to me when I forgot to flash the "saucy-preinstalled-touch-armhf.zip"
it's the one file that doesn't belong to a specific device

What I had done, to make it work:

Installed USB drivers for the phone (make sure that you can use adb in recovery mode)
execute: fastboot oem unlock
restart phone into fastboot
execute: fastboot flash recovery <...recovery....+[DEVICE NAME].img>
execute: fastboot flash boot <...boot....+[DEVICE NAME].img>
execute: fastboot flash system <...system....+[DEVICE NAME].img>
go to recovery
adb push <...touch....+[DEVICE NAME].zip> /sdcard/autodeploy.zip
restart device to recovery, so it will apply the zip device might restart - if it does, go again to recovery
adb push  <...touch....-armhf.zip> /sdcard/autodeploy.zip
restart device to recovery, so it will apply the zip

Ubuntu touch loaded after this. Note that there is no splash screen, and while it loads, my screen was dark. just wait a minute.


I had the same problem (error: amixer: Unable to find simple control 'Master',0).

When I added -c 1, the volume increase and decrease commands do not unmute and the toogle command (mute / unmute) does not unmute.

In another post, I found that adding -D pulse instead of -c 1 then all of the commands are OK (increase and unmute, decrease and unmute, toogle).

amixer -D pulse -q sset Master 3%+ unmute
amixer -D pulse -q sset Master 3%- unmute
amixer -D pulse -q sset Master toggle


why is “saned” disabled on boot Ubuntu 14.04?

TL;DR Thou shalt not start commands, but edit a file's contents.

To start saned automatically, follow the steps below:

Open a terminal via Ctrl+Alt+T
Open the file /etc/default/saned with

sudo nano /etc/default/saned

Replace the line

RUN=no

with

RUN=yes

Use Ctrl+O to save the file
and Ctrl+X to close the editor

Or simply start the command

sudo perl -i -pe 's/RUN=no/RUN=yes/' /etc/default/saned

in a terminal


First of all, from your paste, we see that you have twenty kernel versions installed. It won’t be long until your /boot directory is completely full and then you will be unable to install or remove anything. I suggest that you remove all but three:

sudo apt-get autoremove

Reboot. Is your wireless working now? I doubt that it will be, so please continue.

We are going to remove and then reinstall the driver.

sudo dkms remove rtlwifi-new/0.10 --all
sudo dkms add rtlwifi-new/0.10
sudo dkms build rtlwifi-new/0.10
sudo dkms install rtlwifi-new/0.10

Take note of and post any errors. Test:

sudo modprobe rtl8723be

Is your wireless working now?

EDIT: Let’s try a newer version of rtlwifi-new.

Please do:

sudo updatedb
locate rtlwifi_new

Wherever the file was downloaded, Downloads, Desktop or some other, we will remove it:

sudo rm -rf rtlwifi_new

Now we remove the faulty dkms module:

sudo dkms remove rtlwifi-new/0.10 --all
sudo rm -rf /usr/src/rtlwifi*
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dkms/rtlwifi*

Now we download a newer fresh version:

cd ~
git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new.git
sudo dkms add ./rtlwifi_new
sudo dkms build rtlwifi-new/0.6
sudo dkms install rtlwifi-new/0.6

If there are no errors, try to load the module:

sudo modprobe rtl8723be

Any improvement?


"Lock" one specific file so that I nor root no longer have access to it any more

You can lock a file so not even root user can edit it.

sudo chattr +i /etc/hosts

Stop reading this answer until after you exams :)

Then you unlock the file again using

sudo chattr -i /etc/hosts


Is there any way to set a photo as wallpaper with scrolling,zooming permission?

This isn't the best solution to the problem, but it is a workaround for now. This is limited to the actual resolution of your monitor.

You can use ccsm (CompizConfig Settings Manager) to setup their "Enhanced Zoom Desktop" feature, which allows you to zoom in on the mouse position with a keyboard combination of your choosing:

Install ccsm with:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-plugins-main compiz-plugins-extra compiz-plugins

Run ccsm
Search for and open "Enhanced Zoom Desktop"
Enable the plugin using the checkbox in the lower-left
Set the "Zoom In Key" and "Zoom Out Key" to your liking
Zoom in and out on your desktop background whenever you want!

Again this isn't the best solution, but a workaround for now.


Unable to force remove/purge package ubuntu 16.04

I've accepted @waltinator answer because by reading man dpkg I've come up with a solution by using

sudo dpkg --remove --force-all gitlab-ce

I know the best solution for this is to reinstall the application but I've had trouble with that and this command helped me, but I suggest people to try and reinstall the application before remove/purge it.


rc.local is not always executed upon boot

Place the touch on the first line, and make sure it touches a file in a directory where everyone has write access.

Then, log any errors, for example like:

echo -n 255 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/serio2/sensitivity 2> /your/log/file
echo level 2 > /proc/acpi/ibm/fan 2> /your/log/file
touch /home/starcorn/Desktop/foo >> /your/log/file 2>&1

rfkill block bluetooth >> /your/log/file 2>&1
exit 0

The >> logfile 2&>1 tells the shell to log error messages to the same file as normal output.  The 2> logfile only logs the errors.

What happens with these changes?


Download the ISO image corresponding to your desired version.
Verify the MD5 or SHA1 checksum. (or don't. Who really does, anyway?)
Go to the USB drive in GNOME disk utility.
Unmount all partitions of the drive in question.
From the drop-down menu of the gear icon at the top right, follow the "restore image" wizard with the ISO you downloaded.


How add panel 3d unity in gnome shell (not panel 2d unity)

I guess this is not possible because unity-3d needs compiz and gnome-shell needs mutter (another window manager) and you can't run compiz and mutter at the same time.


Sound card has disappeared from "Sound Settings" dialog

For me, the problem appears to have been corrupted configuration files in my home directory.  I followed just the first part of the instructions from this sound troubleshooting page -- in particular steps 1A and 1B -- and that appeared to clear the problem for me.  At this time, my sound is working as expected again.

I'd suggest the following, basically step 1B:

sudo killall pulseaudio
rm -r ~/.config/pulse/*
rm -r ~/.pulse*
sudo shutdown -h now

Let the computer sit quiet for 10 seconds or so, and then reboot.

I would not recommend following the remainder of the procedure on that page, unless you really know what you're doing, or are prepared to have to reinstall your system from scratch.  It's very heavy handed.


Inaccessable files under orignal default username

Let's say you have a directory called transfer-dir with all of your transfered files in it and your new user's name is penguinfan.  You would run the following to change the ownership of the files to your new user:
sudo chown -R penguinfan: transfer-dir

sudo

is needed to be able to change ownership of another user's files

chown

changes ownership of files

-R

changes ownership recursively

penguinfan:

This is short for penguinfan:penguinfan, which changes the user and group of files.

transferdir

tells chown to use change ownership of/in the transferdir directory.


create a file in each subdirectory and write its path into it

If you have already made the directories, then do:

find ~/abc -type d -exec sh -c 'echo "$1"/1.txt > "$1"/1.txt' _ {} \;

This runs sh -c 'echo "$1"/1.txt > "$1"/1.txt' for each directory (and only directories, because of -type d), with _ and the path to the directory as arguments. Then echo "$1"/1.txt > "$1"/1.txt outputs the path + 1.txt to a file named the same. This will also create the files as needed.


How to install icons on Ubuntu 14.04 using gnome shell?

Try to copy the icon theme to:

usr/share/icons

where folder (and subfolders) have these permissions:


Your question is too brief, please be more specific.

Do you mean already having USB live media with an overlay filesystem (to install updates and also keep files and settings) and installing (via ubiquity installer) from that updated USB live media to another drive that can be connected via SATA, eSATA, USB, etcetera?

Package cache on live media with overlay filesystem

In theory, if the location for cached packages is the same for the installer as it is for the live media's package manager and regular installations (where it is /var/cache/apt/archives/) and still contains up to date packages, then packages should be fetched from that directory instead of being downloaded again. You have to enable the option to download and install updates during installation, of course. As I said, this is a theory, one has to verify this behavior first.

Using the package cache on the fresh installation

Alternatively you could copy the updated packages you already downloaded to /var/cache/apt/archives/ on the fresh installation and run the update manager (or use apt-get to see what will be updated and what will or is being downloaded).

Alternatives

How can I install software or packages without Internet (offline)?


If I build a 14.04 server with OpenZFS now will I be able to move to 16.04 later?

I moved two zfs machines already. It worked without any issues. Just removal of zfs ppa and apt install zfsutils-linux on 16.04 was enough.


Systemd doesn't make the working directory accessible via specifiers, nor can you use environment variables in setting WorkingDirectory. You can use environment variables in ExecStart, but not for the command path. So, unless you use workarounds, you will have to specify the path at least thrice (note that you want Environment=, not EnvironmentFile=):

Environment='WORKDIR=/home/aaaa/bbbbb'
WorkingDirectory=/home/aaaa/bbbbb
ExecStart=/home/aaaa/bbbbb/server --database:${WORKDIR}/cfg.json

Or, wrap your command in sh instead:

Environment='WORKDIR=/home/aaaa/bbbbb'
ExecStart=/bin/sh -c 'cd ${WORKDIR}; exec ${WORKDIR}/server --database:${WORKDIR}/cfg.json'

(Hopefully your WORKDIR doesn't include spaces or other special characters in it.)

Or, if you make the unit a template, you can do:

Environment='WORKDIR=/%I'
WorkingDirectory=/%I
ExecStart=/%I/server --database:/%I/cfg.json

And do something like:

systemctl --user start my-service@home/aaaa/bbbbb.service

Note the leading slash / before the %I. The path to the executable must be absolute, with or without specifiers, so we need to use /%I.


Nvidia GeForce 8500 GT, Dell U2311H monitor, DVI-D cable issue

I looked on a supplier's site and found that they declare it as having dual-link. In which case it would seem that either your cable or monitor is faulty. Try contacting Dell?

If you wish to accept the status quo, then your original question remains unanswered.

Presumably you will need to defeat the EDID info being returned by the monitor. That's beyond me but I hesitantly suggest, lacking any other responses, that you generate the xorg.conf using nvidia-settings for the single-link cable and retain it for the dual-link. Failing that you could convert your dual-link cable to single-link, either by mutilation or by use of an adapter?


Transmission Remote (software center) does not initiate downloads in Ubuntu 14.04

An automatic update of Ubuntu 14.04 inserted transmission inside the "Launch application" window.

One can also set the application by navigating through the file system to this address: /usr/bin/transmission-gtk.


Login sound still plays despite disabling from administration login screen

The login screen dialog dictates what happens when GDM (The login screen loads) The sound you're likely referring to is actually the GNOME Login Sound which can be disabled in the Startup Applications windows under

System > Preferences > Startup Applications


Cannot boot after upgrade from 16.04 to 16.10

First of all, I would strongly suggest booting from a usb key and copying over your existing data (I assume that you didn't encrypt your original partition). This can be done by simply booting from a Ubuntu 16.04 live usb. Data recovery is paramount here. As for the adapter message that appears, that sounds like a graphics card or display problem. The custom 4.8 kernel used in 16.10 could also be the culprit here, but that entirely depends on the hardware that you are using.


How to evaluate an arithmetic expression in an "if" statement?

The correct syntax is:

if [ $(($num % 3)) -eq "0" ]

From man bash:

  Arithmetic Expansion

  Arithmetic expansion allows the evaluation of an arithmetic expression
  and the  substitution of the result. The format for arithmetic
  expansion is: $((expression))

The expression $num % 3 must be evaluated before it can be compared using -eq.


Fan under load doesn't go full speed on Acer laptop

If you are running the Nouveau Nvidia drivers (what comes installed by default), try installing the current proprietary drivers.

In command line:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current nvidia-settings

-Reboot your system-

Once you reboot, you can change your settings by running (in command line):

nvidia-settings

Note: Installing the proprietary drivers may correct the problem without you even having to run "nvidia-settings" and adjusting settings.


Ubuntu One: can you shutdown your computer when syncing is in process?

It will resume when the computer is turned on. I have done this before. When the computer is back on and you are logged in, the Ubuntu One application will see that some of the files have not been synced.


Removing only broken packages was possible through synaptic package manager.

Run the below command on terminal to install and open synaptic,

sudo apt-get install synaptic && sudo synaptic

Right-click on the broken package and then Mark for Complete Removal.After that click apply.


Why is this happening?

That output:

[1] 782

is not from the executable. That what bash writes to the terminal, when you execute someting in the backgroud. It's the job number [1] and the PID 782 of the process. Later when the process finished you will see something like:

[1]+  Done                    command

This is also from bash noticing that the process with job number 1 has finished.

When running a command in the background, the PID is stored in the variable $!:

$ sleep 10 &
[1] 1234
$ echo $!
1234

  What can I do to get the executable to produce the same output as manually typing it?

Therefore, your executable is producing the same output.


A general (and hard) way to shutdown your computer is

Press Ctrl+Alt+T for showing terminal
Type sudo shutdown -h now and press Enter
Type in your password (if prompted) press Enter again
Wait sometime


How can I execute a Terminal command before running the live CD installer?

Select the option Try Ubuntu without installing from the boot menu when you start up the live CD, instead of the Install Ubuntu option. Then you boot into a usable Ubuntu desktop which runs as 'live.' From the desktop, you can open the Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run this command. Then when you're done in the Terminal, start the Install process by double-clicking the Install Ubuntu icon on the desktop.

That is the best way to do it. But if you ever need to enter a command after you've already selected Install Ubuntu instead of Try Ubuntu without installing, then you can run it in a virtual console. Press Ctrl+Alt+F1, and you'll get a text-based screen where you can enter commands. Press Alt+F7 to return to the graphical user interface. Commands that are doing work in the one virtual console (e.g., the 1st one, accessed with Ctrl+Alt+F1) will continue to run even after you've switched to a different virtual console (or back to the GUI).


how can I reinstall my wireless drivers for bcm broadcomm 4311

We see the wireless device attempting to roam between two different access points; one with a MAC address of xx:xx:72:7d and one with a MAC address of xx:xx:17:7c. Please run the terminal command:

sudo iwlist wlan0 scan

You will see a listing of the access points available at your location. Determine which is your preferred access point and make note of its MAC address. Now right-click the Network Manager icon and select 'Edit Connections.' Select Wireless. Fill in the desired MAC address in the space for BSSID and check 'Connect Automatically.'

We also see your regulatory domain changing from GB to ZA. Let's edit one file to set the domain in your location. Please open a terminal and do:

gksudo gedit /etc/rc.local

Right above the line exit 0 please add:

iw reg set GB

Of course, substitute your two-digit country code from here if it isn't GB. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Proofread carefully, save and close gedit. Now reboot with these two changes and tell us if it is fixed.

If any part of this is unclear, please ask me.


Intermittent error with cp to an NFS share

I'm not 100% sure, but I think I figured it out.  I noticed that ntp had died on a few of the client machines and their clocks had drifted quite a bit.  I fixed this and haven't had the NFS problem since.  I'm thinking now that the different file edit times were occasionally throwing things off.


How can i monitor FPS in native linux games

If you use steam you can enable this option in the steam overlay settings and it should work with any game that works with the steam overlay.  It lets you choose what corner of the screen you want the counter to be in and I recommend using the high contrast color setting so that you can easily see the fps counter at all times.


Why does `startx /usr/bin/unity` not load my desktop settings?

If you want to manually start an xsession like that, you should rather do something like gnome-session --session=ubuntu. gnome-session will load required components such as gnome-settings-daemon which in turn will configure your stuff.

Sessions are stored in /usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/. You'll see things like "gnome.session" and "ubuntu.session". You use the file name without the ".session" extension in the --session parameter.

Likewise, if you want to properly shut down your desktop session, you can kill that instance of gnome-session.


You can use special script named purge-old-kernels on any machine.
It is a part of byobu package.
Install it with:
sudo apt-get install byobu

and then run
sudo purge-old-kernels


Right click the Clipit icon in the toolbar and select Manage History. A pop-up will appear titled Manage History.

Then choose the copied item from the list in the pop-up that you want to make static and click the Edit button at the bottom. Another pop-up will appear titled Editing Clipboard.

At the bottom left there will be a check box to make the item static, then click the OK button and that's it.


Is there a way to download Ubuntu straight from Windows?

I recommend you to use Etcher, I've faced a lot of problems while installing (or after) when I used Rufus or LiveUSB.

And also, make sure to choose UEFI mode and not Legacy when you enter the boot menu (where you select "USB").


You can also install Gnome-Tweak-Tool and on the Left Panel you have the "Windows" Panel, where can you change the Title Bar Actions.

Check also: https://linuxhint.com/best-gnome-tweaks-gnome-tweak-tool/


Bash history not saved after closing terminal

It may be that your .bash_history doesn't belong to your user. Check the permissions of the file and if you're not the owner, change it:

sudo chown yourusername:yourusername ~/.bash_history


Can't compile Ardour: "Can't find -lfftw3f_threads"

You should install common development packages and build-dependencies with

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get build-dep ardour

And please note that Ardour is packaged in Ubuntu repositories.


I have an HP Envy 4, and I used to have the same problem. It's happening because both video cards (Intel/ATI) are enabled at the same time (it's what I discovered after research). I tried many ways to install the ATI Radeon driver, but unsuccessfully. So I found a way to use only the active video card (Intel) and disable the ATI card.

After these steps, I felt my Envy was cooler than before. I intent to stay this way until I can find an ATI driver that works!

In the terminal, edit the file:

sudo gedit /etc/rc.local

Add this line before the line "exit 0":

echo OFF > /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch

Save and reboot.


Ubuntu hangs on booting up after a update

Update

This thing also happens, when I update and then cut the power. I realized if I just boot into networking mode and then restart it just works, if that didn't work try the solution below:

So the problem was about a package, since it only happens after I update the packages. So I tried to remove backports from sources.list and it just worked(credits to the idea goes to manesh)!

What I exactly did, I booted up into networking mode from recovery mode(weirdly it just worked, would be nice if I someone explains to me, why that works but can't boot up normally, tried chrooting from live CD but most commands returned no premission to /dev/null. Would appreciate it if somebody explains that too.), commented backports and just did the following:

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get install -f
apt-get autoremove
apt-get autoclean
update-grub


Cannot Mount Harddisk from Macbook to recover files

This is a pretty routine thing to do. Linux supports about every filesystem ever invented.

This link is has a write-up of how to mount a mac filesystem and copy files

https://superuser.com/q/84446/152045

See the response with 123 votes - it addresses the case you are dealing with. The top response with the green check mark doesn't apply to your case


Recovery of data after "Erase disk and install Ubuntu"

Use an Ubuntu live CD and do not use the hard disk that was erased in any way
Press super(Windows) key and try Software Sources. Enable to Universe repository
Install testdisk using sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install testdisk
Start testdisk using sudo testdisk
Create a log, locate your partition and select its type (e.g.: Intel PC/ GPT etc.)

Read the options on the screen and proceed

Note: Save the recovered files (if any) to some other drive, preferably an external drive, not on the hard disk that was erased.


The solution to this problem I founded following these steps.

First I created the files necessary for the display manager to launch dwm.
touch $HOME/.xinitrc

Write the command to execute dwm inside the .xinitrc file.
echo "exec dwm" >> $HOME/.xinitrc

Installed a different display manager called xdm and then used it as default.
sudo apt install xdm

Reboot the PC and dwm was working.


Muhammad Ahmad Zafar: To update you (as of October 2013).  I have some newer snapshots from Dalton Maag with greater Arabic script coverage for the main font weights in the Ubuntu Font Family.  There are still some issues with these (eg. baseline alignment).  Would you be willing to help test them at some point during the next month?  This is Arabic ''script'' (Urdu/Farsi/… and not purely Arabic).


Used to be able to connect w/HP Deskjet 6540 - not anymore

if you check that the printer is seen by typing the command lsusb in a terminal .....it should show the hp .....
then if you type hp-check and that will check you have the dependencies needed to run hplip
then if you type hp-setup ....... it should ..... find the printer and set it up ...........
which version of ubuntu are you running please?


OpenVPN: The VPN connection to ... because of invalid VPN secrets

I'm not really that this is a bug really.
Considering that it works for a majority of users
Using openVPN and network manager.

Do you have the proper permissions of the key and certificate file?
What happens if you run

openvpn --config nameofyourconfigfile.conf

as root from the terminal?
please paste the output here if it does not work. It should provide more debug information.

If it does work like that. Then you have permission problems on your key and or certificate file.


Automatically booting Ubuntu from new SSD rather than Windows on old HDD?

You can choose what HDD to boot from in BIOS setup.

To enter BIOS setup hit F2 or Del (or maybe some other key) when powering up your computer.

The menu you need is named something like Boot or Boot Priority or maybe you'll need to change HDD priority (also in BIOS setup).

After you manage to boot from your SSD (where Ubuntu is installed) you'll probably see grub boot menu, where you should be able to choose which OS to boot. If not you should try configuring grub after booting Ubuntu.

It would be also usefull for you to read this question and answers.


Why do dist-upgrade and upgrade give different held packages?

Because they are different goals in terms of APT, apt dist-upgrade upgrades system by upgrading, installing and removing; apt-get upgrade upgrades by only upgrading packages, apt upgrade upgrades system by upgrading and installing packages.


Xubuntu 18.04 Persistent Live USB: Will persistence be carried upon full installation to a machine?

An Ubuntu persistent live USB is the same as a non-persistent live USB as far as using it as live media to install Ubuntu is concerned. The persistent storage space will not be carried over to the full installation, and any additional software installed by the user in the persistent live USB will not be installed on the newly installed operating system.
Additional software can be installed on a persistent live USB from the software app or from the terminal. Additional software that is installed on the Ubuntu live USB can be either reinstalled on the new operating system the same way as it usually done (the easy way) or a customized Ubuntu .iso image containing the additional software can be made by following the instructions in How to customize the Ubuntu live CD? (the hard way, not worth it unless you are going to install Ubuntu from the same customized live CD multiple times).
Files can be copied from the live USB to any other partition that mounted is mounted on the live USB. For example, if Windows is installed on the hard disk of the computer, the Windows NTFS partition can be mounted in Ubuntu and files can be copy/pasted between the mounted Windows partition and the Ubuntu live USB. If the partition is mounted in Ubuntu copy/paste can work in both directions.


KDE search shortcut action by shortcut keys

Yes, and it is straight in your face. Though, it might be slightly inconvenient to use if you do not know the name of the keys.

Lets say you want to search the shortcut associated with Ctrl+B; you open System Settings, then navigate to Shortcuts, and just type in the search bar: Ctrl+B

You will see the list of shortcuts filter by this regex.

tl;dr: In search, TYPE the key combo you want to find.

And, finally because a picture is worth a thousand words:

On more information from the comment, what you want to change ISN'T a keyboard shortcut (which consists only of keyboard strokes), but a window behaviour (changing behaviour of Alt+LClick on a window). That is in Window Management.

Change the Left Click action to Nothing.


Any hardware info is required; it could be that your RAM-memory is too low and Ubuntu has difficulty to settle. This comes alive when you open apps from the side bar. Keep in mind that Unity actually needs, for a good work-flow, for about 1.5 Gb of RAM-memory (my own standards). Seems to me that is the problem with your machine.

Of course, trying a different mouse could learn you if your mouse is bad (or the connector is bad).

Anyhow please let us know what your computer is made of (RAM / CPU / Graphic card)


How to install Firefox 14.0.1 (or any other latest version) on Ubuntu 10.10?

Just go to the firefox download web page and install it directly.

download the archive (firefox-14.0.1.tar.bz2.crdownload)
unpack and run it:

tar xjf firefox-14.0.1.tar.bz2.crdownload
cd firefox/
./firefox

alternatively, double click on the package and when it unpacks, double click on the firefox executable within.
you can move the whole firefox directory wherever you want
you can create a desktop shortcut, in 10.04 you just need to right-click on the desktop and select "create launcher". Point it to the "firefox" file in the newly unpacked "firefox/" directory.

P.S. As someone suggested, moving to a more recent stable release is a good idea. At least to 11.04. The LTS (long term support) releases get regular security updates and bug fixes.


Ubuntu 14.04 installer won't recognize free spaces

First, be very clear on the distinction between hard disks (which are physical devices) and partitions (which are subdivisions of disks that can be used as separate spaces). The Windows user interface doesn't always make this distinction clear, and so Windows users often refer to "disks" or "drives" when they mean partitions. My suspicion is that you've got one disk with four partitions. If you actually have four physical disks, please say so.

I further suspect that you've got a Logical Disk Manager (LDM) setup (aka dynamic disks). There are lots of questions about that here; for instance:

Partitions created in Windows are not showing in Ubuntu
Ubuntu Install Unknown Partitions
Install Ubuntu to a 15GB partition

See those questions' answers for information on converting back to a conventional setup.


Kubuntu Chromium not using the system icons

I'm not sure how to change the menu icons (perhaps by using an other chromium theme), but the icons (Back, Reload, etc) can be changed at Preferences -> Personal Stuff. (click on the wrench icon on the right to open the menu containing the Preferenes item)

At Personal Stuff, scroll down a bit till Appearance. Press the Use GTK+ Theme to get the icons used by the system (Dolphin, Firefox, etc).


how do i add swap memory to already installed ubuntu?

Recent versions of Ubuntu install a swap file rather than a dedicated swap partition. So likely, you do have swap. Check the status of your swap with the command
swapon

If you have a swap file in use, you eventually can change the size.
If you do not have swap, then you can add it after installation. The easiest is to add a swap file. Adding a swap partition requires you to change the drive partitioning. Typically, you reduce an existing partition or delete a partition to create free space, in which you can create a swap partition.
In both cases, you need to "declare" the swap space in the configuration file /etc/fstab for it to be used as swap.
For a swap file, you need to add a line like:
/swapfile none swap sw 0 0

You need to provide the actual name of your swap file if you did not create it as swapfile in the root directory (/).
For a swap partition, you need to identify the UUID of your swap partition and then refer to that partition by UUID as explained here or here.


What precautions should I take when exposing my desktop directly to the internet?

A standard ubuntu install should not activate network services that are accessible via the internet.

You can check via (for tcp):

netstat -lntp

Similar for udp, but udp does not distinguish between ports opened for listening or sending.

Thus, an iptables configuration is not necessary.

A bit off-topic perhaps, since following concerns you in any case (it does not matter if you are behind a router):

consider disabling flash (since the flash plugin has a big history of hilarious security problems)
consider disabling the Java-Plugin (if enabled) and enabling it only for certain sites (not as much security related problems in the past as flash, but a few)

And, sure, you probably know that, but anyways: Always work as normal-user as possible. Don't use firefox etc. as root ...

An example netstat -lntp output:

Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      935/sshd
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1811/cupsd
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1755/exim4
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      935/sshd
tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN      1811/cupsd

The 127.0.0.1 entries are harmless, because those programs only listen on the local network interface.

sshd is an example of a service that listens on all available interfaces (0.0.0.0, i.e. including the one the cable internet modem is connected to) - but usually you have good passwords or disable password authentication and only use public-key.

Anyways, IIRC sshd is not installed by default.

The last two interfaces regard IPv6. ::1 is the address of the loopback device (like 127.0.0.1 in IPv4), thus safe. ::: is the IPv6 all network interface wildcard analog to 0.0.0.0 (IPv4).


Getting Import error after installing packages through conda

You won't be able to import those packages from native installed python/python3 environments (unless you've installed them using pip/pip3). Anaconda uses virtual environments (the default one is called base).

You have to activate base virtual environment and use its python in order to install additional packages using pip/pip3 or import Anaconda's preinstalled packages :

conda activate base
python
>>> import pandas
>>> exit()
conda deactivate

OR

conda activate base
python3
>>> import pandas
>>> exit()
conda deactivate

You can check installed packages inside base virtual environment using :

conda activate base
pip list
pip3 list
conda deactivate

If u have several conda environment (other than base), you can list them using :

conda env list

Finally, you can run your scripts using :

conda activate env_name # env_name is probably base in your case
python script.py
conda deactivate

OR

conda activate env_name
python3 script.py
conda deactivate


How can I export a previous installation under Wine to the PlayOnLinux folder?

The Wine import plugin works fine.

OR

copy the whole .wine folder with registry entries.
to:

/home/user/.PlayOnLinux/wineprefix/

PlayOnLinux For the Precise version

Type the following commands:

wget -q "http://deb.playonlinux.com/public.gpg" -O- | sudo apt-key add -

sudo wget http://deb.playonlinux.com/playonlinux_precise.list -O /etc/apt/sources.list.d/playonlinux.list

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install playonlinux


The intel-microcode package causes random errors

Random application crashes and system crashes are not seldom these days in Ubuntu. The only best recommended action we could do is simply report it to either your Intel developer or to Its launchpad page where Ubuntu developers deals with crashes/bugs.

At the edge of the cross window you can find the report Option and you can use it to report them. else you can use apport too.

That will help you to collect information about your application. If you want know more about reporting with apport , https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Apport


You do this by escaping the newline character, add a backslash \ directly before the line break:

python file_a.py file_b.py \
file_c.py file_d.py

You may indent the second line to further improve readability:

python file_a.py file_b.py \
  file_c.py file_d.py


Cannot connect with private key if the public key exists

It happened that the public key (.ssh/jenkins-slave_rsa.pub) was not matching with the private key (.ssh/jenkins-slave_rsa.pub).

I discovered this while following the steps in this answer: https://serverfault.com/a/426429/30128


I don't see Unity anywhere after upgrading from Kubuntu 10.10 -- what am I missing?

You're running Kubuntu, which uses KDE, not Unity, so when you upgraded you got an updated Kubuntu (KDE SC) Desktop, not the GNOME + Compiz based Unity Desktop.

As fossfreedom mentioned you can simply install unity . If you want to try it. If you want the Ubuntu styled login, you could install gdm , and when installing, choose gdm as opposed to kdm for your login manager (you will be prompted for a choice).


How to execute a script periodically without using crontab?

The modern option is to use a systemd timer unit.  This requires creating a systemd unit which defines the job you want to periodically run, and a systemd.timer unit defining the schedule for the job.

Assuming you want to run the job as regular user, put these files in $HOME/.config/systemd/user:

my-job.service

[Unit]
Description=Job that needs periodic execution

[Service]
ExecStart=/path/to/your/script

my-job.timer

[Unit]
Description=Timer that periodically triggers my-job.service

[Timer]
OnCalendar=minutely

Then enable the newly created units, and start the timer:

$ systemctl --user enable my-job.service my-job.timer
$ systemctl --user start my-job.timer

To verify that the timer is set:

$ systemctl --user list-timers
NEXT                         LEFT     LAST                         PASSED UNIT         ACTIVATES
Wed 2016-11-02 14:07:00 EAT  19s left Wed 2016-11-02 14:06:37 EAT  3s ago my-job.timer my-job.service

journalctl -xe should show log entries of the job being run.

Refer to man systemd.timer for the many options for configuring timer behaviour (including randomised starting, waking the computer, persistence across downtime, timer accuracy, etc.), and to man systemd.unit for excellent documentation on systemd and systemd units in general.


Launch error on Eclipse using Ubuntu 14.04

It is a permissions error. Open Nautilus and navigate to

/home/desktop/Documents/eclipse/

Then right-click and go to properties. Change the permissions to read, write, and execute. That should work.


PPA-Purge was designed as a bash shell script capable of automatically downgrading all packages in a given PPA back to the Ubuntu versions.

It can be used here to uninstall or downgrade everything previously installed by dde from its own repository.

If not installed already it can be easily installed with sudo apt install ppa-purge. Then run it against the PPA:

sudo ppa-purge ppa:leaeasy/dde

Obs.: There's no guarantee that everything will be as before because some settings might have been changed. Usually the purge also removes settings but not always. A Desktop Environment is complex, with hundreds or thousands of different packages carefully knitted together, making it really hard to completely remove it once installed.


Unable to mount home-directory for user after fresh install 14.04

Elder Geek is right about the UID.

The steps to check the problem goes like this:

$ cd /home/[user-name]
$ ls -la

You might see the UID is appeared as number rather than your current user name, e.g. appear as 1002

drwxr-xr-x  2 (1002) ...bla bla... 40 Mei  22  2014 Documents

You can check your current user UID

$ cat /etc/passwd | grep [user-name]
[user-name]:x:1000:1000:[user-name] ...bla bla bla

If they are different (1002!=1000) than we know this is the problem.

Solution:

$ chmod -R [user-name]:[group-name] /home/[user-name]

You may now try to login.

Cheers : )


Gearing a glitchy, static-y sound coming out of the speaker

You have a ground loop.

One of the devices plugged into the same electrical outlet as your computer does not have a proper grounding circuit so it's creating electrical feedback, or your computer is plugged into a non-grounded outlet.

Some outlets are not grounded even though they have three holes on the outlet.

You can get a doohicky called a Ground Loop Eliminator at Radio Shack for about ten bucks that will fix the problem. Or probably on Amazon.


Error passwd: Authentication token manipulation error occurs generally in following scenario:

File system mounted as read-only.
Incorrect Permissions on system files.

In your case, as you're working with Ubuntu Touch, I'm guessing that your system is mounted in Read-Only mode, as this is general security feature of any Mobile Phone OS to reduce risk of overwriting System Files by any other services/application accidentally or purposefully.

Solution could be remount file-system in Read/Write mode, and also by checking File-permissions & Correct it if required to make sure you're changes will make through!

Remount File-System
Check File-permissions and Remount File-System


How to completely remove ALL flavours of Ubuntu from Ubuntu Studio

You should be able to simply uninstall the Desktop Environments you no longer want and then run the command to install Ubuntu Studio, which will only install packages that may have been removed while clearing out the other Desktop Environments.

As is the case in any such situation, I would highly recommend backing up all of your data just in case what should work ends up not working as expected.

To remove Lubuntu and Xubuntu, you can take a look at my post here.

Remove Kubuntu:

sudo apt-get remove akonadi-backend-mysql akonadi-server akregator amarok amarok-common amarok-utils apport-kde apturl-kde ark bluedevil cdparanoia cdrdao cryptsetup docbook-xml docbook-xsl dolphin dragonplayer freespacenotifier gnupg-agent gnupg2 gpgsm gpsd gstreamer0.10-qapt gtk2-engines-oxygen gtk3-engines-oxygen gwenview ibus-qt4 icoutils jockey-kde k3b k3b-data kaccessible kaddressbook kamera kate kate-data katepart kcalc kde-baseapps-bin kde-baseapps-data kde-config-gtk kde-config-touchpad kde-runtime kde-runtime-data kde-style-oxygen kde-wallpapers-default kde-window-manager kde-window-manager-common kde-workspace kde-workspace-bin kde-workspace-data kde-workspace-kgreet-plugins kde-zeroconf kdegames-card-data kdegraphics-strigi-analyzer kdelibs-bin kdelibs5-data kdelibs5-plugins kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdenetwork-filesharing kdepasswd kdepim-kresources kdepim-runtime kdepim-strigi-plugins kdepimlibs-kio-plugins kdesudo kdm kdoctools khelpcenter4 kinfocenter klipper kmag kmail kmenuedit kmix kmousetool knotes konsole kontact kopete kopete-message-indicator korganizer kpat kppp ksnapshot ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktimetracker ktorrent ktorrent-data kubuntu-debug-installer kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-firefox-installer kubuntu-netbook-default-settings kubuntu-notification-helper kubuntu-web-shortcuts kvkbd kwalletmanager language-selector-kde libakonadi-calendar4 libakonadi-contact4 libakonadi-kabc4 libakonadi-kcal4 libakonadi-kde4 libakonadi-kmime4 libakonadi-notes4 libakonadiprotocolinternals1 libassuan0 libattica0.3 libbluedevil1 libboost-program-options1.46.1 libcalendarsupport4 libcln6 libclucene0ldbl libdebconf-kde0 libdlrestrictions1 libdmtx0a libencode-locale-perl libepub0 libeventviews4 libfile-listing-perl libflac++6 libfont-afm-perl libgadu3 libgif4 libgpgme++2 libgps20 libgrantlee-core0 libhtml-form-perl libhtml-format-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-daemon-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libhttp-negotiate-perl libibus-qt1 libilmbase6 libincidenceeditorsng4 libindicate-qt1 libio-socket-inet6-perl libio-socket-ssl-perl libk3b6 libkabc4 libkactivities-bin libkactivities6 libkalarmcal2 libkateinterfaces4 libkatepartinterfaces4 libkblog4 libkcal4 libkcalcore4 libkcalutils4 libkcddb4 libkcmutils4 libkde3support4 libkdeclarative5 libkdecorations4 libkdecore5 libkdegames5a libkdepim4 libkdepimdbusinterfaces4 libkdesu5 libkdeui5 libkdewebkit5 libkdgantt2 libkdnssd4 libkemoticons4 libkephal4abi1 libkexiv2-10 libkexiv2-data libkfile4 libkholidays4 libkhtml5 libkidletime4 libkimap4 libkio5 libkipi-data libkipi8 libkjsapi4 libkjsembed4 libkldap4 libkleo4 libkmanagesieve4 libkmbox4 libkmediaplayer4 libkmime4 libknewstuff2-4 libknewstuff3-4 libknotifyconfig4 libkntlm4 libkonq-common libkonq5-templates libkonq5abi1 libkontactinterface4 libkopete4 libkparts4 libkpgp4 libkpimidentities4 libkpimtextedit4 libkpimutils4 libkprintutils4 libkpty4 libkresources4 libkrosscore4 libksba8 libkscreensaver5 libksgrd4 libksieve4 libksieveui4 libksignalplotter4 libktexteditor4 libktnef4 libktorrent-l10n libktorrent3 libkunitconversion4 libkwineffects1abi3 libkwinglutils1 libkwinnvidiahack4 libkworkspace4abi1 libkxmlrpcclient4 liblastfm0 libloudmouth1-0 liblwp-mediatypes-perl liblwp-protocol-https-perl libmailcommon4 libmailtools-perl libmailtransport4 libmessagecomposer4 libmessagecore4 libmessagelist4 libmessageviewer4 libmicroblog4 libmpcdec6 libmsn0.3 libmuonprivate1 libmygpo-qt1 libmysqlclient18 libnepomuk4 libnepomukdatamanagement4 libnepomukquery4a libnepomuksync4 libnepomukutils4 libnet-http-perl libnet-ssleay-perl libntrack-qt4-1 libntrack0 libokularcore1abi1 libopenexr6 libotr2 libphonon4 libplasma-geolocation-interface4 libplasma3 libplasmaclock4abi3 libplasmagenericshell4 libpolkit-qt-1-1 libpoppler-qt4-3 libprison0 libprocesscore4abi1 libprocessui4a libqalculate5 libqapt-runtime libqapt1 libqca2 libqca2-plugin-ossl libqgpgme1 libqimageblitz4 libqjson0 libqrencode3 libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-qt3support libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-test libqtassistantclient4 libqtglib-2.0-0 libqtgstreamer-0.10-0 libqtscript4-core libqtscript4-gui libqtscript4-network libqtscript4-sql libqtscript4-uitools libqtscript4-xml libqtwebkit4 libreoffice-kde libreoffice-style-oxygen libsocket6-perl libsolid4 libsolidcontrol4abi2 libsolidcontrolifaces4abi2 libsoprano4 libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libsyndication4 libtag-extras1 libtaskmanager4abi3 libtemplateparser4 libthreadweaver4 libtimedate-perl liburi-perl libvirtodbc0 libweather-ion6 libwww-perl libwww-robotrules-perl libxml2-utils libxss1 libzip2 muon muon-installer muon-notifier muon-updater mysql-client-core-5.5 mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.5 ntrack-module-libnl-0 odbcinst odbcinst1debian2 okular okular-extra-backends oxygen-cursor-theme oxygen-icon-theme partitionmanager phonon phonon-backend-gstreamer pinentry-gtk2 pinentry-qt4 plasma-dataengines-addons plasma-dataengines-workspace plasma-desktop plasma-netbook plasma-scriptengine-javascript plasma-scriptengine-python plasma-widget-facebook plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-kimpanel plasma-widget-menubar plasma-widget-message-indicator plasma-widget-networkmanagement plasma-widgets-addons plasma-widgets-workspace plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo plymouth-theme-kubuntu-text polkit-kde-1 printer-applet python-kde4 python-pyudev python-qt4 python-qt4-dbus python-sip qapt-batch qapt-deb-installer quassel quassel-data rekonq sgml-data shared-desktop-ontologies software-properties-kde soprano-daemon system-config-printer-kde systemsettings tasks-icons update-manager-kde usb-creator-kde userconfig virtuoso-minimal virtuoso-opensource-6.1-bin virtuoso-opensource-6.1-common xsettings-kde

Remove Edubuntu:

sudo apt-get remove edubuntu-desktop

Remove Mythbuntu:

sudo apt-get remove mythbuntu

Remove Ubuntu Desktop:

sudo apt-get remove compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-plugins-extra
sudo apt-get purge compiz*
sudo apt-get remove ubuntu-desktop

Install Ubuntu Studio

(this is just to ensure that any packages that may have been lost while removing other Desktop Environments are reinstalled):

sudo apt-get install ubuntustudio-desktop ubuntustudio-icon-theme ubuntustudio-look ubuntustudio-theme ubuntustudio-wallpapers usplash-theme-ubuntustudio

Upgrade and Cleanup

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get autoremove

To perform ALL of the above steps in one shot:

sudo apt-get remove abiword abiword-common abiword-plugin-grammar abiword-plugin-mathview bison blueman brltty-x11 catfish elementary-icon-theme exo-utils flex gigolo gimp gimp-data gmusicbrowser gnome-icon-theme-full gnome-system-tools gnome-time-admin gnumeric gnumeric-common gnumeric-doc gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gthumb gthumb-data gtk2-engines-pixbuf gtk2-engines-xfce indicator-application-gtk2 indicator-messages-gtk2 indicator-sound-gtk2 indicator-status-provider-pidgin leafpad libabiword-2.8 libaiksaurus-1.2-0c2a libaiksaurus-1.2-data libaiksaurusgtk-1.2-0c2a libao-common libao4 libaudio-scrobbler-perl libbabl-0.0-0 libclutter-1.0-0 libclutter-1.0-common libclutter-gtk-1.0-0 libcogl-common libcogl5 libconfig-inifiles-perl libencode-locale-perl libept1 libexo-1-0 libexo-common libfile-listing-perl libfont-afm-perl libgarcon-1-0 libgarcon-common libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libgegl-0.0-0 libgimp2.0 libglade2-0 libgnomevfs2-extra libgoffice-0.8-8 libgoffice-0.8-8-common libgsf-1-114 libgsf-1-common libgstreamer-perl libgtk2-notify-perl libgtk2-trayicon-perl libgtkmathview0c2a libhtml-form-perl libhtml-format-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-daemon-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libhttp-negotiate-perl libid3tag0 libido-0.1-0 libilmbase6 libio-socket-ssl-perl libjpeg-progs libkeybinder0 liblink-grammar4 libloudmouth1-0 liblwp-mediatypes-perl liblwp-protocol-https-perl libmad0 libmailtools-perl libnet-dbus-perl libnet-http-perl libnet-ssleay-perl liboobs-1-5 libopenexr6 libotr2 libots0 libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libsexy2 libtagc0 libthunarx-2-0 libtie-ixhash-perl libtimedate-perl libtumbler-1-0 liburi-perl libwv-1.2-3 libwww-perl libwww-robotrules-perl libxfce4ui-1-0 libxfce4util-bin libxfce4util-common libxfce4util4 libxfcegui4-4 libxfconf-0-2 libxml-parser-perl libxml-twig-perl libxml-xpath-perl libxss1 lightdm-gtk-greeter link-grammar-dictionaries-en m4 mpg321 murrine-themes orage parole pastebinit pidgin pidgin-data pidgin-libnotify pidgin-microblog pidgin-otr plymouth-theme-xubuntu-logo plymouth-theme-xubuntu-text python-configobj python-glade2 quadrapassel ristretto screensaver-default-images synaptic system-tools-backends tango-icon-theme tango-icon-theme-common tcl8.5 thunar thunar-archive-plugin thunar-data thunar-media-tags-plugin thunar-volman ttf-droid ttf-lyx tumbler tumbler-common xchat xchat-common xfburn xfce-keyboard-shortcuts xfce4-appfinder xfce4-cpugraph-plugin xfce4-dict xfce4-fsguard-plugin xfce4-indicator-plugin xfce4-mailwatch-plugin xfce4-mixer xfce4-mount-plugin xfce4-netload-plugin xfce4-notes xfce4-notes-plugin xfce4-notifyd xfce4-panel xfce4-places-plugin xfce4-power-manager xfce4-power-manager-data xfce4-quicklauncher-plugin xfce4-screenshooter xfce4-session xfce4-settings xfce4-smartbookmark-plugin xfce4-systemload-plugin xfce4-taskmanager xfce4-terminal xfce4-utils xfce4-verve-plugin xfce4-volumed xfce4-weather-plugin xfconf xfdesktop4 xfdesktop4-data xfwm4 xfwm4-themes xscreensaver xscreensaver-data xscreensaver-gl xubuntu-artwork xubuntu-default-settings xubuntu-desktop xubuntu-docs xubuntu-icon-theme xubuntu-wallpapers && sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove abiword abiword-common abiword-plugin-grammar abiword-plugin-mathview  ace-of-penguins audacious audacious-plugins audacious-plugins-data blueman  chromium-browser chromium-browser-l10n chromium-codecs-ffmpeg  elementary-icon-theme esound-common galculator gdebi gdebi-core gecko-mediaplayer giblib1 gnome-icon-theme-full gnome-mplayer gnome-system-tools gnome-time-admin gnumeric gnumeric-common gnumeric-doc gpicview gtk2-engines-pixbuf guvcview hardinfo indicator-status-provider-pidgin leafpad  libaacs0 libabiword-2.9 libaudclient2 libaudcore1 libaudiofile1 libbinio1ldbl  libbluray1 libbs2b0 libcddb2 libcompfaceg1 libcue1 libencode-locale-perl  libept1.4.12 libesd0 libexo-1-0 libexo-common libexo-helpers  libfile-listing-perl libfluidsynth1 libfm-data libfm-gtk-data libfm-gtk1 libfm1  libfont-afm-perl libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libglade2-0 libgmlib0  libgmtk0 libgmtk0-data libgoffice-0.8-8 libgoffice-0.8-8-common libgringotts2  libgsf-1-114 libgsf-1-common libgtkmathview0c2a libguess1 libhtml-form-perl  libhtml-format-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl  libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-daemon-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl  libhttp-negotiate-perl libid3tag0 libimlib2 libio-socket-inet6-perl  libio-socket-ssl-perl libjpeg-progs libjpeg-turbo-progs liblink-grammar4  libloudmouth1-0 liblwp-mediatypes-perl liblwp-protocol-https-perl  libmailtools-perl libmcrypt4 libmenu-cache1 libmowgli2 libmpg123-0  libnet-dbus-perl libnet-http-perl libnet-ssleay-perl libobrender27 libobt0  libonig2 liboobs-1-5 libopts25 libots0 libpisock9 libresid-builder0c2a  libsidplay2 libsocket6-perl libtar0 libtidy-0.99-0 libtie-ixhash-perl  libtimedate-perl libuniconf4.6 liburi-perl libvdpau1 libwebcam0 libwv-1.2-4  libwvstreams4.6-base libwvstreams4.6-extras libwww-perl libwww-robotrules-perl  libxfce4ui-1-0 libxfce4util-bin libxfce4util-common libxfce4util4 libxfconf-0-2  libxml-parser-perl libxml-twig-perl libxml-xpath-perl libxss1  lightdm-gtk-greeter link-grammar-dictionaries-en lm-sensors lubuntu-artwork  lubuntu-artwork-12-04 lubuntu-core lubuntu-default-settings lubuntu-desktop  lubuntu-icon-theme lubuntu-software-center lxappearance lxappearance-obconf  lxinput lxkeymap lxlauncher lxmenu-data lxpanel lxpanel-indicator-applet-plugin  lxrandr lxsession lxsession-edit lxshortcut lxtask lxterminal mplayer2 mtpaint ntp obconf openbox openbox-themes osmo pcmanfm pidgin pidgin-data pidgin-libnotify pidgin-microblog plymouth-theme-lubuntu-logo  plymouth-theme-lubuntu-text python-pysqlite2 python-xklavier scrot sylpheed  sylpheed-doc sylpheed-i18n sylpheed-plugins synaptic system-tools-backends  transmission ttf-lyx uvcdynctrl uvcdynctrl-data wvdial xfburn  xfce-keyboard-shortcuts xfce4-power-manager xfce4-power-manager-data xfconf  xfonts-100dpi xpad xscreensaver xscreensaver-data && sudo apt-get remove akonadi-backend-mysql akonadi-server akregator amarok amarok-common amarok-utils apport-kde apturl-kde ark bluedevil cdparanoia cdrdao cryptsetup docbook-xml docbook-xsl dolphin dragonplayer freespacenotifier gnupg-agent gnupg2 gpgsm gpsd gstreamer0.10-qapt gtk2-engines-oxygen gtk3-engines-oxygen gwenview ibus-qt4 icoutils jockey-kde k3b k3b-data kaccessible kaddressbook kamera kate kate-data katepart kcalc kde-baseapps-bin kde-baseapps-data kde-config-gtk kde-config-touchpad kde-runtime kde-runtime-data kde-style-oxygen kde-wallpapers-default kde-window-manager kde-window-manager-common kde-workspace kde-workspace-bin kde-workspace-data kde-workspace-kgreet-plugins kde-zeroconf kdegames-card-data kdegraphics-strigi-analyzer kdelibs-bin kdelibs5-data kdelibs5-plugins kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdenetwork-filesharing kdepasswd kdepim-kresources kdepim-runtime kdepim-strigi-plugins kdepimlibs-kio-plugins kdesudo kdm kdoctools khelpcenter4 kinfocenter klipper kmag kmail kmenuedit kmix kmousetool knotes konsole kontact kopete kopete-message-indicator korganizer kpat kppp ksnapshot ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktimetracker ktorrent ktorrent-data kubuntu-debug-installer kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-firefox-installer kubuntu-netbook-default-settings kubuntu-notification-helper kubuntu-web-shortcuts kvkbd kwalletmanager language-selector-kde libakonadi-calendar4 libakonadi-contact4 libakonadi-kabc4 libakonadi-kcal4 libakonadi-kde4 libakonadi-kmime4 libakonadi-notes4 libakonadiprotocolinternals1 libassuan0 libattica0.3 libbluedevil1 libboost-program-options1.46.1 libcalendarsupport4 libcln6 libclucene0ldbl libdebconf-kde0 libdlrestrictions1 libdmtx0a libencode-locale-perl libepub0 libeventviews4 libfile-listing-perl libflac++6 libfont-afm-perl libgadu3 libgif4 libgpgme++2 libgps20 libgrantlee-core0 libhtml-form-perl libhtml-format-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-daemon-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libhttp-negotiate-perl libibus-qt1 libilmbase6 libincidenceeditorsng4 libindicate-qt1 libio-socket-inet6-perl libio-socket-ssl-perl libk3b6 libkabc4 libkactivities-bin libkactivities6 libkalarmcal2 libkateinterfaces4 libkatepartinterfaces4 libkblog4 libkcal4 libkcalcore4 libkcalutils4 libkcddb4 libkcmutils4 libkde3support4 libkdeclarative5 libkdecorations4 libkdecore5 libkdegames5a libkdepim4 libkdepimdbusinterfaces4 libkdesu5 libkdeui5 libkdewebkit5 libkdgantt2 libkdnssd4 libkemoticons4 libkephal4abi1 libkexiv2-10 libkexiv2-data libkfile4 libkholidays4 libkhtml5 libkidletime4 libkimap4 libkio5 libkipi-data libkipi8 libkjsapi4 libkjsembed4 libkldap4 libkleo4 libkmanagesieve4 libkmbox4 libkmediaplayer4 libkmime4 libknewstuff2-4 libknewstuff3-4 libknotifyconfig4 libkntlm4 libkonq-common libkonq5-templates libkonq5abi1 libkontactinterface4 libkopete4 libkparts4 libkpgp4 libkpimidentities4 libkpimtextedit4 libkpimutils4 libkprintutils4 libkpty4 libkresources4 libkrosscore4 libksba8 libkscreensaver5 libksgrd4 libksieve4 libksieveui4 libksignalplotter4 libktexteditor4 libktnef4 libktorrent-l10n libktorrent3 libkunitconversion4 libkwineffects1abi3 libkwinglutils1 libkwinnvidiahack4 libkworkspace4abi1 libkxmlrpcclient4 liblastfm0 libloudmouth1-0 liblwp-mediatypes-perl liblwp-protocol-https-perl libmailcommon4 libmailtools-perl libmailtransport4 libmessagecomposer4 libmessagecore4 libmessagelist4 libmessageviewer4 libmicroblog4 libmpcdec6 libmsn0.3 libmuonprivate1 libmygpo-qt1 libmysqlclient18 libnepomuk4 libnepomukdatamanagement4 libnepomukquery4a libnepomuksync4 libnepomukutils4 libnet-http-perl libnet-ssleay-perl libntrack-qt4-1 libntrack0 libokularcore1abi1 libopenexr6 libotr2 libphonon4 libplasma-geolocation-interface4 libplasma3 libplasmaclock4abi3 libplasmagenericshell4 libpolkit-qt-1-1 libpoppler-qt4-3 libprison0 libprocesscore4abi1 libprocessui4a libqalculate5 libqapt-runtime libqapt1 libqca2 libqca2-plugin-ossl libqgpgme1 libqimageblitz4 libqjson0 libqrencode3 libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-qt3support libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-test libqtassistantclient4 libqtglib-2.0-0 libqtgstreamer-0.10-0 libqtscript4-core libqtscript4-gui libqtscript4-network libqtscript4-sql libqtscript4-uitools libqtscript4-xml libqtwebkit4 libreoffice-kde libreoffice-style-oxygen libsocket6-perl libsolid4 libsolidcontrol4abi2 libsolidcontrolifaces4abi2 libsoprano4 libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libsyndication4 libtag-extras1 libtaskmanager4abi3 libtemplateparser4 libthreadweaver4 libtimedate-perl liburi-perl libvirtodbc0 libweather-ion6 libwww-perl libwww-robotrules-perl libxml2-utils libxss1 libzip2 muon muon-installer muon-notifier muon-updater mysql-client-core-5.5 mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.5 ntrack-module-libnl-0 odbcinst odbcinst1debian2 okular okular-extra-backends oxygen-cursor-theme oxygen-icon-theme partitionmanager phonon phonon-backend-gstreamer pinentry-gtk2 pinentry-qt4 plasma-dataengines-addons plasma-dataengines-workspace plasma-desktop plasma-netbook plasma-scriptengine-javascript plasma-scriptengine-python plasma-widget-facebook plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-kimpanel plasma-widget-menubar plasma-widget-message-indicator plasma-widget-networkmanagement plasma-widgets-addons plasma-widgets-workspace plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo plymouth-theme-kubuntu-text polkit-kde-1 printer-applet python-kde4 python-pyudev python-qt4 python-qt4-dbus python-sip qapt-batch qapt-deb-installer quassel quassel-data rekonq sgml-data shared-desktop-ontologies software-properties-kde soprano-daemon system-config-printer-kde systemsettings tasks-icons update-manager-kde usb-creator-kde userconfig virtuoso-minimal virtuoso-opensource-6.1-bin virtuoso-opensource-6.1-common xsettings-kde && sudo apt-get remove edubuntu-desktop && sudo apt-get remove mythbuntu && sudo apt-get remove compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-plugins-extra && sudo apt-get purge compiz* && sudo apt-get remove ubuntu-desktop && sudo apt-get install ubuntustudio-desktop ubuntustudio-icon-theme ubuntustudio-look ubuntustudio-theme ubuntustudio-wallpapers usplash-theme-ubuntustudio && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade && sudo apt-get autoremove


The share definition is located at /var/lib/samba/usershares when you create the share with the Nautilus GUI interface.  The main Samba file share server (smbd and nmbd) is configured at /etc/samba/smb.conf.  Root created shares are also configured at /etc/samba/smb.conf.

root created shares = /etc/samba/smb.conf
usershares = /var/lib/samba/usershares


How to transfer 35GB data compressed data from local to remote server?

ftp and http are the fastest , ftp is faster for a smaller number of large files and http faster for a larger number of small files (no surprise considering the nature of http traffic).

See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9707900/what-is-the-fastest-way-to-transfer-files-over-a-network-ftp-http-rsync-etc

Additional benchmarks - https://www.disk91.com/2014/technology/networks/compare-performance-of-different-file-transfer-protocol-over-latency/

Note: Your internet provider may limit the upload speed depending on your provider. If your provider is imposing a speed or data cap it may not matter.

You may be able to use other methods as well, see http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/HOWTO_move_data.html


So I'm trying to install build tools and dependencies , and when I execute I get

On 14.04 or 16.04 use this

sudo apt-get install devscripts debhelper autoconf build-essential dpkg-dev gengetopt libcurl4-openssl-dev libssl-dev libtool


OK, so I've managed to solve this issue without needing to completely manually removing chrome.

I re-downloaded the .deb file from Google and used the force install and overwrite command from dpkg with the deb file and for now chrome works fine :=)

command:
sudo dpkg --force-all -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

this completely ignored all errors and overwrites the current package already installed.

gr8 relief.


Redshift permission error "GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.AccessDenied"

The quick workaround is use capital -O (One shot manual mode) instead of small one -o (One shot mode) i.e:

redshift -O 6500

GeoClue is the Geolocation service which needs the location service enabled. So make sure that Location service is enabled from Settings > Privacy:

I was getting the same error, after creating configuration file (~/.config/redshift.conf) as explained at official site and now redshift and redshift-gtk is working fine:

; Global settings for redshift
[redshift]
; Set the day and night screen temperatures
temp-day=5700
temp-night=3500

; Enable/Disable a smooth transition between day and night
; 0 will cause a direct change from day to night screen temperature.
; 1 will gradually increase or decrease the screen temperature.
transition=1

; Set the screen brightness. Default is 1.0.
;brightness=0.9
; It is also possible to use different settings for day and night
; since version 1.8.
;brightness-day=0.7
;brightness-night=0.4
; Set the screen gamma (for all colors, or each color channel
; individually)
gamma=0.8
;gamma=0.8:0.7:0.8
; This can also be set individually for day and night since
; version 1.10.
;gamma-day=0.8:0.7:0.8
;gamma-night=0.6

; Set the location-provider: 'geoclue', 'geoclue2', 'manual'
; type 'redshift -l list' to see possible values.
; The location provider settings are in a different section.
location-provider=manual

; Set the adjustment-method: 'randr', 'vidmode'
; type 'redshift -m list' to see all possible values.
; 'randr' is the preferred method, 'vidmode' is an older API.
; but works in some cases when 'randr' does not.
; The adjustment method settings are in a different section.
adjustment-method=randr

; Configuration of the location-provider:
; type 'redshift -l PROVIDER:help' to see the settings.
; ex: 'redshift -l manual:help'
; Keep in mind that longitudes west of Greenwich (e.g. the Americas)
; are negative numbers.
[manual]
lat=48.1
lon=11.6

; Configuration of the adjustment-method
; type 'redshift -m METHOD:help' to see the settings.
; ex: 'redshift -m randr:help'
; In this example, randr is configured to adjust screen 1.
; Note that the numbering starts from 0, so this is actually the
; second screen. If this option is not specified, Redshift will try
; to adjust _all_ screens.
[randr]
screen=0

You can fed latitude and longitude of your location manually @ 45th (lat=) and 46th (lon=) line for above mentioned configuration file. Note that I needed to change screen=1 to screen=0 in the last line.


Install software so that cannot be wiped by reinstalling

There are ways that you could do this for an OS, but I'm not sure how transferable from distro to distro it would be. You could do it (using apt & dpkg) for Debian based distros and it would probably work fairly consistently. But there are plenty of distros that don't use apt/dpkg and so it almost certainly wouldn't work for those. E.g. Fedora uses yum and I don't recall what Arch uses.

So probably the best/most transferable way would be to keep a text file of the apps you want... Even then though it won't be foolproof as different distros often even have slightly different naming conventions.

As per your edited answer (keeping it to Ubuntu) a quick and dirty way to list all packages installed would be

apt-cache pkgnames > apps.txt

Note though that that will list all installed packages; not just the ones that you explicitly installed. So if you switch between different Ubuntu versions which have different desktop environments it will be a bit of an issue... It also will list dependencies (that weren't manually installed - so they won't be auto flagged as unneeded if you uninstall the manually installed software).

To minimize the impact of that (although not eliminate it) you could rerun the command on a clean install of the same version (say before you switch to Lubuntu for example). Then clean the first list using the results of the second...

apt-cache pkgnames > clean-install-apps.txt
grep -v -x -f clean-install-apps.txt apps.txt > new-apps.txt

You can then install with this:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install < new-apps.txt

Keep in mind though that this will manually install the dependencies as well. Also it won't include all the config info (if you've configured those apps the way that you want them... Generally this is kept in your home dir in dot directories (e.g. directories like ".appname". So in theory you could mount your home dir in a different directory and just remount it each time. Even then though it may not work if you are using different distros or version as the software versions may not be the same (shouldn't be an issue if you are using the same version of Ubunut though; e.g. 15.04)...

One other thought that I've had for a quick and dirty way to do this and probably make the installation quicker (and reduce your download bandwidth of that is a concern) would be to copy all the deb packages in /var/cache/apt/archives to a USB (or a separate partition, etc). Then you can install all the debs with dpkg. Assuming that your USB is mounted on /media/USB that would look something like this, on your current system:

mkdir /media/USB/debs-to-install
cp /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb /media/USB/debs-to-install

Then after reinstall:

dpkg -i --force-depends /<USB-dir>/*.deb
apt-get install -f

Explanation:
dpkg -i installs
--force-depends forces install even if dependencies aren't satisfied (generally not recommended but in this case it's ok because it's almost guaranteed that all the dependencies are there in that directory; just that they aren't being installed in the right order).
apt-get install -f should solve any dependency issues (if there are any).

Note that this second option will also make dependencies marked as manually installed too...

There are also other options as noted as answers to this question: How to list all installed packages


python-problem-report python-apport apport break apt-get

I found the problem. I had manually installed a newer version of python (version 3.2 but the version installed through packages is 2.7) and I just redirected /usr/bin/python to python3.2. Apparently in 3.2 some syntax used in /usr/bin/pyclean is not valid anymore. Restoring the original link of /usr/bin/python to /usr/bin/python2 solved the problem. Now the scripts could be run without any issues.

I hope this helps somebody...


Yes unfortunately you are right. The files were deleted when you shut down the laptop. Depending on how you set up your live usb stick there is no persistence file where your work is stored.
When booting from live stick Ubuntu essentialy loads itself into your RAM in order to run and doesn't really use the usb stick anymore. When you shut down your pc the RAM is deleted.
To avoid this in the future follow this guide to install the live system onto your usb stick again:
http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows
In the last frame there you see a little slider at the bottom of the window titled "Step 4: Set a persistent file size for storing changes. (optional)"
Use this slider to allocate persistent memory for the live stick.


How to setup password for files in LAMP when accessed locally?

You don't want to password protect the files in this instance, but rather decide who should be allowed to touch the files. It is the user accounts that should be protected with passwords (or other means like keys). Anything else would apply sharing passwords between users, which is Always Wrong.

What you want to do, is to set ownership of the files and directories. That's simple: chown -R www-data:groupname /siteroot (siteroot is the directory that contains the files you want to protect).

In the example above, I've set ownership to www-data because this user needs access in order for you to publish these files. I've set "groupname" as the group owner. You can use your own primary group, which is the same as your username. In this case, only you and the server will be able to manage those files.

If you want more than one local user to be able to manage the content, then you want to create a new group, add the relevant users to that group and make that the group owner. Let's say you want the existing users "joe", "john" and "gina" to be allowed to read and edit the files in the /var/www/ directory. Everyone else should have no access to that folder at all.

addgroup mysite-editors
adduser joe mysite-editors
adduser john mysite-editors
adduser gina mysite-editors
chown -R www-data:mysite-editors /var/www/*
chmod o-rwx -R /var/www

The last line is what removes "others" rights to read, access or write to any files in /var/www.


How can I lock the screen using the new lockscreen from the command line?

I don't have gnome-screensaver installed, and the only command I can find that works is this:

dbus-send --type=method_call --dest=org.gnome.ScreenSaver /org/gnome/ScreenSaver org.gnome.ScreenSaver.Lock


Upgrade went horribly wrong: libc.so.6: version 'GLIBC_2.17' not found

I presume you do not have a backup. First make a backup. Use Clonezilla and create an image. You can do more damage if you try to repair things.

Make sure you have enough disk space before proceeding

Now to repair your installation, you have a couple of options:

boot a Ubuntu live CD and chroot into the root folder of your install, and install the  proper glibc dpkg
Upgrade install of Ubuntu over the current one.

Or you could just create a new VM. Install Ubuntu, then migrate the applications and configs from the old one. Use a live CD to access the broken VM. Document everything and configure backups.


Missing "Show a launcher when not running" option in KDE

Removing the Icon-only Task Manager and adding again solved the issue.


This requires the netcat package:

if nc -z 192.68.12.14 9292; then
    echo "Port is open"
else
    echo "Port is closed"
fi

nc -z will attempt to make a connection to the specified host and port; it returns a 0 exit code upon success, and a nonzero code otherwise.  It does not actually output anything to the terminal.  To get your desired output, I use an if statement to test the results of the connection test, and echo the appropriate result to the terminal.


"booting system without network configuration" using a livecd created with remastersys

i had the same problem a while ago and usually it takes longer for the system to start in my case it was because of the configuration of the interfaces file because it was miss-configured the networ manager wouldn't run on boot it would only start until i run NetworkManager from a terminal so try from a terminal sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces and check that is correctly set-up or try running network manager from a terminal using sudo NetworkManager once you have logged in


Can't run cstrike.exe file in counter strike1.6 using WINE

In this answer, I am assuming the following since you did not mention it in your question:

You are using Ubuntu 12.10 32 Bit
You have a good CPU, Video Card and amount of memory to run Wine with CS 1.6
You are using a Wine version that is not the latest
You did not install but actually copy CS to your Ubuntu system or ran CS from another Driver or partition (Maybe partitioned for Windows and shared with Ubuntu)

So with all of that said, do the following:

Open Dash and type terminal, then open the terminal.
Type the following 3 lines:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wine1.5

Open Dash again and type winecfg so it configures Wine for the first time.
Find cstrike.exe and double-click on it or right-click and select wine.
During installation, the default will take C:\Program Files\Counter-Strike 1.6 as installation directory. Change it to any other directory which is available in your Linux file system. It would help you in next steps.

If the above does not work after executing it, install an extension for Nautilus:

sudo apt-get install nautilus-open-terminal

After that logout and login again. Now go to your CS folder and right-click in an empty space, you will now see an option that says "Open in Terminal".

This is a quick way to get to a folder without typing too much (Easier for beginners). When the terminal opens, type wine cstrike.exe. This should give you the information needed to know why cstrike is not working.

A common problem is a missing DLL Library (Pretty common actually). The solution is to just copy the missing DLL to the game folder.

For example, this is the output I got with a friends CS:

$ wine cstrike.exe
fixme:service:scmdatabase_autostart_services Auto-start service L"SecDrv" failed to start: 2
err:module:import_dll Library MSVBVM60.DLL (which is needed by L"F:\\Half-Life\\cstrike.exe") not found
err:module:LdrInitializeThunk Main exe initialization for L"F:\\Half-Life\\cstrike.exe" failed, status c0000135

If you read through the lines you will see that it says wine had an error while trying to import the MSVBVM60.DLL file. Google this file and paste it in the game folder where cstrike.exe resides. The DLL-files.com is a good place to start.

After pasting it in your game folder, the game should work:


Desktop is crashing when I try to use any app -Ubuntu 20.04 VM running on VirtualBox

I actually ran into the same issue and I ran into multiple different errors.  By chance do you have WSL1/2 installed?  This seems to be the root issue of installation errors as well at apt errors for me.
For reference I am running VirtualBox 6.1.12 and Windows 10 Build 19041.421
The errors I received were:

Errno 5: Input/output error
System hangs/crashes on install
Ubiquity errors (Even after disabling/upgrading)

Simply disabling WSL from the command line doesn't do what you want.  You'll have to go into Windows Features , disable it, reboot, and then you'll be able to access/install Ubuntu.
Here is the setting you must disable in Windows Features


SSH: How to handle missing: /home/USER/.ssh/known_hosts

The warning means the host id has changed (from the old to the new installation).
That's good! It works, letting you know it has changed...

Log in as the unprivileged user (not root) and create the hidden directory, /home/jerry/.ssh:

cd; mkdir .ssh; chmod 0700 .ssh

At that point you can add hosts to the known_hosts file (/home/jerry/.ssh/known_hosts).

Or, if you connect as guest, do the same as the user, guest, not jerry.

Note that should you desire the .ssh directory to be created for all new users, then add a the .ssh directory to /etc/skel. The /etc/skel directory contains files and directories that all new users should have.

sudo mkdir /etc/skel/.ssh; sudo chmod 0700 /etc/skel/.ssh

Afterward, every new user you create will have a .ssh directory with the right perms (0700).


Fixed with the addition of the kernel command-line parameter intel_idle.max_cstate=4 into /etc/default/grub:

grep GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX= /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="intel_idle.max_cstate=4"

update-grub2
reboot


How to convert audio files in Deadbeef player?

The deadbeef player's .deb package has some errors in it's control file. It does not properly lists it's dependencies for some of it's components. For example, conversion to .aac format from .mp3 format requires faac, but it doesn't list that.

I played it from terminal and tried to convert a .mp3 file to .aac file. The output is given below:

anwar@anwar:$ /opt/deadbeef/bin/deadbeef
starting deadbeef 0.5.6 [static]

......
......

selected output plugin: ALSA output plugin
INFO: loading playlist Default
INFO: from file /home/anwar/.config/deadbeef/playlists/0.dbpl
convgui: gtkui plugin not found
plugin Converter GTK3 UI failed to connect to dependencies, deactivated.
plugin Shellexec GTK3 UI failed to connect to dependencies, deactivated.
gtkui: found cover-art loader plugin

And when I clicked on the convert button. The output was as follows:

converter: will encode using: faac -w -o "/home/anwar/fdfd.mp4" -
sh: 1: faac: not found
converter: write error (-1 bytes written out of 8000)

Which clearly indicates, the conversion requires faac package which isn't installed and wasn't in it's dependency list either!

I installed faac package with this command

sudo apt-get install faac

and after installation, the conversion successfully completed and the output was as follows:

converter: will encode using: faac -w -o "/home/anwar/fdfd.mp4" -
Freeware Advanced Audio Coder
FAAC 1.28

Quantization quality: 100
Bandwidth: 16000 Hz
Object type: Low Complexity(MPEG-4) + M/S
Container format: MPEG-4 File Format (MP4)
Encoding - to /home/anwar/fdfd.mp4
 frame | elapsed | play/CPU
  2640 |     2.5 |   24.06x

The list of packages you need for conversion:

For AAC - faac package. Install it with

sudo apt-get install faac

For FLAC - flac package. Install it with

sudo apt-get install flac

For MP3 - lame package. Install it with

sudo apt-get install lame

For MS RIFF WAV - No package is needed
For MusePack - musepack-tools package. Install it with

sudo apt-get install musepack-tools

For Ogg Vorbis - vorbis-tools package. Install it with

sudo apt-get install vorbis-tools

For wavpack - wavpack package. Install it with

sudo apt-get install wavpack

For TTA - I didn't find a package for it. But it is very easy to get or compile from source.

Go to this Ubuntu forum post.
Download the attached source of ttaenc package.
Extract it to your home directory.
Open a terminal and go to the extracted folder.
Use these commands to install it

make
sudo make install

Now, you can use the TTA conversion also.

 For TTA conversion: Credit goes to this forum post

To get the proper file names and to set output location:

%a - %t [%l] will produce something like Artist - Title [1:23]. More on title formatting, here.


Swapped graphics card, ended with dead system

If gdm is not showing login or anything to you, can you switch to text console with

CTRL+ALT+F1 when booted


Check if intel processor supports GVT -g

No. GVT is only supported in Intel CPUs >=4th generation (ex: i5-4200u).

Source, and Source2

If you have another graphics card (nVidia/AMD) you can use their virtualization technologies.


Ctrl+Alt+[Left/Right] not working in Ubuntu in VMWare

Found it! It seems that VMWare uses the keys Ctrl+Alt+Left/Right, So there are two things you can do:

1. Change VMWare's Default keys
 - Go to VMWare > Edit > Preferences > Hot Keys and select some other combination

2. Change Ubuntu's Shortcut -
Go to System Settings > Keyboard > Shortcuts > Navigation and select some other combination for Switch to Workspace Left/Right


There are many ways for crating TOC in PDF. Best one is probably using pdfmarks file which exposes all possibilities described by Adobe pdfmarkReference
It's not that hard to programatically parse PDF documents and collect needed information for creating this pdfmarks files, which afterwards can be embedded in PDF file by using GhostScript i.e.

For an easy way of manually adding TOC entries, like you want I assume, PDFMod GUI utility can help. It's listed in Synaptic


Wifi Intel AC 3165 Yoga 700-14ISK, does not work with ubuntu

Your wireless adapter is blocked by ideapad_laptop module. You can disable it by running in terminal:

sudo modprobe -r ideapad_laptop
sudo rfkill unblock all

To get it to survive reboots run also:

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ideapad.conf <<< "blacklist ideapad_laptop"

P.S. And I do not recommend using mainline kernels. Kernel 4.2 is available in official repositories for Ubuntu supported version.

This issue is already fixed in the newest kernels but not backported to 4.2 yet.


First up I have no experience of Wubi, so I don't know your context.

Are you saying the from within Ubuntu you can't see any filesystems at all? Or can it not see your windows partition? If thats the case what version of windows / what partitioning & drives are you expecting to see?. Where is the media you are trying to mess about with?

If you can bring up a terminal in Ubuntu, you can see the partitions Ubuntu know about (but that may not be mounted) by running sudo fdisk -l or cat /proc/partitions


This just worked for me:
(I found this at How to install RT2870/RT3070 Wireless Driver?

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:thopiekar/mt7601
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mt7601-sta-dkms

Btw, that last line took like 5-10 minutes to complete, at times it looked line it was hung. So be patient. After the last line it complete, then you must reboot for the adapter and driver to work properly. if you don't reboot, you will will waste time trying to figure out why it doesn't work as expected.

Regards . . .


How to solve GNOME power manager installation problem?

The error message you are probably getting is

Install Problem! The configuration defaults for GNOME Power Manager have not been installed correctly. Please contact your computer administrator.

This likely happens after a release upgrade

To fix it, press Ctrl+Alt+F1 on the login screen and login with your username and password and type these commands

sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoclean

It should probably fix it. The error is most likely caused due to lack of space

If the above doesn't work, you can try chmodding /tmp to 0777.

chmod 0777 /tmp

(source)


There is the minimal CD: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/MinimalCD, only ~40 MB. This allows you to install a minimal system, and select different setups.


Dual boot failed can no longer boot into windows

Just boot into Ubuntu, open the terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and type this command:

sudo update-grub

Now reboot and see if Grub menu loads.


Put it into .bash_profile
it is used for login shells, .bashrc is used more widely, eg also if you use scp from another machine, and, if you generate output in the .bashrc file, any scp and other will fail silently. they don't expect any output. .bash_profile would be only executed on login shells, eg virtual terminal, xterm,.....


Symbolic link: From NTFS partition to ext4 partition?

Yes you can create a symbolic link from NTFS partition to a ext4 partition and vice versa.
It's just a file referencing to an other address.
And also:

NTFS 3.1 introduced support for symbolic links for any type of file ... in migration and application compatibility with POSIX operating systems. Microsoft aimed for Windows Vista's symbolic links to "function just like UNIX links".
Additionally, NTFS symbolic links to files are distinct from NTFS symbolic links to directories and therefore cannot be used interchangeably, unlike on POSIX where the same symbolic link can refer to either files or directories.
[symbolic link]


See my answer for this..
How to run Windows Skype on Ubuntu using Wine?
 Scroll down to Native Skype on Ubuntu. I just edited it without seeing this question...  In short.
There is a native Skype client for Ubuntu. You can open the Software and Updates applet included All Ubuntu flavors and click on the tab that says "Other Software". Make sure the Canonical Partners is ticked. Then you will be able to install the program through your favorite standard Ubuntu install method (software center, synaptic, or terminal).

or simply type:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install skype


Test this:

Open a terminal.Ctrl + Alt + T

Run it:

$ sudo -i
# nano /etc/bash.bashrc

Put the following lines in the file:

export http_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port/
export https_proxy=https://username:password@proxyserver.net:port/
export ftp_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port/

Ctrl + O, save file. Ctrl + X, close nano.

$ sudo -i
# nano /etc/environment

Put the following lines in the file

http_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port/
https_proxy=https://username:password@proxyserver.net:port/
ftp_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port/

Ctrl + O, save file. Ctrl + X, close nano.

$ sudo -i
# nano /etc/apt/apt.conf

Put the following lines in the file:

Acquire::http::Proxy "http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port";
Acquire::https::Proxy "https://username:password@proxyserver.net:port";
Acquire::ftp::Proxy "http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port";

Ctrl + O, save file. Ctrl + X, close nano.


How to Mount NTFS partition in Ubuntu 16.04

Do you want to mount it once or auto mount it?
For mounting it once:
1.First create a directory where u want to mount it.
sudo mkdir /media/windows

Now you have to find which partition is the NTFS one by using:
sudo fdisk -l

If your NTFS partition is for example /dev/sdb1 to mount it use:
sudo mount -t ntfs -o nls=utf8,umask=0222 /dev/sdb1 /media/windows

To unmount simply do:
sudo umount /media/windows

If you want to auto mount it check this link.


How do I get VIM to remember the line I was on when I reopen a file?

Add the following lines to your ~/.vimrc or global /etc/vim/vimrc

if has("autocmd")
  au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 0 && line("'\"") <= line("$") | exe "normal! g`\"" | endif
endif

This will jump to the last known cursor position unless:

the position is invalid
the position is inside an event handler


Tried to install both Windows and Ubuntu, now neither will boot

Because neither Ubuntu nor Windows 10 boots properly you need a tool that can repair the bootloaders of both OSs. Rescatux is a free bootable live CD/USB that can repair GRUB and the Windows bootloader. Rescatux has a graphical interface with a menu of operating system rescue tasks. If your hard disk has the MBR partitioning format, you can select the Restore Windows MBR (BETA) option to repair the Windows bootloader. If your computer has UEFI firmware, you can select among the UEFI options Boot options.

Boot options:

(>=0.41 beta 1) Update UEFI order
(>=0.41 beta 1) Create a new UEFI Boot entry
(>=0.41 beta 1) UEFI Partition Status
(>=0.41 beta 1) Fake Microsoft Windows UEFI
(>=0.41 beta 1) Hide Microsoft Windows UEFI
(>=0.41 beta 1) Reinstall Microsoft Windows EFI
(>=0.41 beta 1) Check UEFI Boot

GRUB options:

(>=0.40 beta 11) Easy GNU/Linux Boot Fix
Restore GRUB and GRUB2
(>=0.31 beta 4) Update any GRUB2 menu
Update Debian/Ubuntu GRUB menus

Windows options:

Restore Windows MBR (BETA)
Clear Windows passwords
(>=0.31 beta 4) Promote a Windows user to Administrator role
(>=0.41 beta 1) Reinstall Microsoft Windows EFI
(>=0.31 beta 4) Unlock Windows user

Password options:

Change GNU/Linux Password
Regenerate sudoers file
Clear Windows passwords

Expert tools:

Boot-Repair
GParted
OS-Uninstaller
Clean-Ubiquity
PhotoRec
TestDisk

Rescapp is a nice wizard that will guide you through your rescue tasks.

From your comment I know the Rescatux repaired the Windows bootloader. Here is how to repair the Ubuntu bootloader from a live session of the same Ubuntu live USB that you used to install Ubuntu.

Check if the command sudo fdisk -l is able to find the Windows partition. In the results of sudo fdisk -l your boot partition is indicated by a * character.
Run sudo update-grub to update the GRUB bootloader and correct incorrect entries.

sudo update-grub && sudo reboot


How to use AppEditor to add app to app drawer?

I can't say exactly how to get AppEditor to function here, but what I CAN tell you is how to perform the same task in a different way.
Here's a link to where I got the answer.
https://askubuntu.com/a/257760
Run this command:
    sudo gnome-desktop-item-edit /usr/share/applications/ --create-new
It will bring up a menu you can use to add the application to the app drawer.


Problem with tmux startup displaying running config. (powerline)

@Sander. I had the exact same issue when I first installed tmux-powerline, and upgrading tmux resolved the problem for me. My version prior to updating was 1.8, and I'm currently at 2.1.

Scroll to the bottom of this page for update instructions. I did my installation from the git repo. Hope this helps.


You can simply remove the locale packages:

sudo apt-get purge firefox-locale-*

This does not touch the core firefox package.

I just tested it, Firefox launches perfectly fine after purging all locale packages. It has an English user interface preinstalled. I think it's the South African English locale, but not too sure about that - it's some English at least.


How to open a shortcut to a folder on windows partition without having to enter password?

create a credential file like:

username=user
password=password

Let's say under /root/.ntfspass
Put in this in your fstab file

UUID=90EA2482EA2466A6 /media/guigeek/OS ntfs-3g credentials=/root/.ntfspass,defaults,nls=utf8,fmask=117,dmask=007 uid=1000,windows-names 0 0


Made users members of the group that owns the directory, but they still cannot access it

If you want other system users that are part of the shareacc group to be able to write to /home/share you need to make it writable,

chmod -R 775 /home/shareacc

Note: -R makes the chmod 775 recursive, i.e all files & sub-directories within /home/shareacc will be 775 as well.

It can also be achieved with,

chmod g+w /home/shareacc

That will give user rwx, group rwx, and others r-x.

http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2010/06/chmod-command-examples/


How to upload software written in Gambas into a Launchpad PPA?

AFAIK launchpad doesn't support a Gambas compiler/build system out of the box, but you could have the package that provides the compiler in your build-depends to make sure it's present in the build environment.


Is it normal for devices to change their device numbers?

It is normal. Usually it happens because devices get detected in a different order. They share the /dev/sd* device names, and they will change according to what you have plugged in at the time.

You can work around it in two ways:

Label the partitions then mount them by label
Mount them by UUID

Labelling a disk can be done with (for example)

tune2fs -L MyLabel /dev/sdxx

then use LABEL=Mylabel as the device name in /etc/fstab

Mounting can also be done by using UUID= in /etc/fstab

The UUID can be obtained by blkid, then you can put in /etc/fstab UUID=xxxxxxxxxx as device name. UUID is unique.


Duplicity fails with bad session key error

probably a to gpg 2.1 upgrade issue as explained here

https://answers.launchpad.net/duplicity/+question/289102
and here
https://answers.launchpad.net/duplicity/+question/288602
with a workaround mentioned here
https://superuser.com/questions/984977/duplicity-restore-failing-no-secret-key

..ede/duply.net


Driver for Ubuntu 18.04 LTS that supports GTX 1050 TI graphics card

The proprietary Nvidia graphics driver can be installed in Ubuntu 18.04 from the terminal with the following commands:

sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
sudo reboot

When installing a proprietary graphics driver, it is not necessary to uninstall the built-in open source graphics driver. The two graphics drivers can be installed alongside each other allowing the  open source graphics driver to be used as a fallback alternative in case there is a problem using the proprietary graphics driver.

The ubuntu-drivers autoinstall command installs drivers that are appropriate for automatic installation including their dependencies, and the Nvidia driver will also be updated automatically when an update is available.


As per your pastebin contents

SecureBoot enabled

Try disabling secureboot in the BIOS and then try login into Ubuntu Linux.


What is better: Win7 host running VMware with Ubuntu guest or visa versa?

Well, "it depends".

Which  do you see yourself spending more time in? That should probably be your primary OS.

Keep in mind that device support for VMs is still a bit lacking, so for example it's complicated to sync your iPhone with Windows in a VM on Ubuntu, so that'll also factor into your decision.

There is no right answer, only which works for you.