I too was trying to find sassc in Ubuntu 16.04 to build the adapta theme but I couldn't. It seems that package is available for Ubuntu 16.10 or greater, but not for 16.04.
So, what can you do? While I was searching, I found blog post which shows the path, but it didn't work as instructed on that post.
I'm describing the steps I followed here.
Step 1: Clone libsass, sassc, sass-spec repositories
I'm installing those library for all users. So, I choose, /usr/local/lib directory.
cd /usr/local/lib/
sudo git clone https://github.com/sass/sassc.git --branch 3.4.2 --depth 1
sudo git clone https://github.com/sass/libsass.git --branch 3.4-stable --depth 1
sudo git clone https://github.com/sass/sass-spec.git --depth=1

You need to use sudo because /usr/local/lib directory is root writable only.
Step 2: Set the environment variable
I don't know if this step was necessary, but I did it eventually. The blog post's instruction will give error if you were not using a root shell.
echo 'SASS_LIBSASS_PATH="/usr/local/lib/libsass"' | sudo tee -a /etc/environment

This sets the SASS_LIBSASS_PATH env variable which will be used while compiling sassc to find the required libraries.
source the changed file
source /etc/environment

Step 3: Build libsass
You need to first build the libsass libraries. While you're in the /usr/local/lib directory use this command to build it
sudo make -C libsass

Step 4: Build and install sassc
After step 3 is finished, while still on the /usr/local/lib directory, use this command to build sassc.
sudo make -C sassc

This will generate sassc binary in sassc/bin/ folder. Now use this command to make the binary available globally.
sudo make -C sassc install

That's it. Now from anywhere, try sassc command to see if it's recognized.
Shortcut
When I finished building and started writing this answer, I found a PPA for sassc used by the adapta theme maker tista. And it was for 16.04 Xenial. Though the version is older 3.2.3, it will do the job I think.
Here is the PPA link: https://launchpad.net/~tista/+archive/ubuntu/build

What are PPAs and how do I use them?

Have fun!

Useful links

sassc build instruction - https://github.com/sass/sassc/blob/master/docs/building/unix-instructions.md
Reported issue with libsass build instruction - https://github.com/sass/libsass/issues/1556


Acer Aspire One, system slow. Graphics problem?

I don't think Ubuntu would have issues with the Intel graphics but you could try the following:

Change the desktop environment
Disable startups

and more information can be found here :

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1997932

which also points to:

http://www.howtogeek.com/115797/6-ways-to-speed-up-ubuntu/


Click on the three-vertical-dot button on the top left corner of your google chrome window to access the menu.


logmein under ubuntu to manage windows server

Logmein Hamachi is indeed available for Linux distribution & a installation process itself archived under Ubuntu's official wiki page. The only problem is that it supports only command line version. But now with Haguichi its possible using GUI. Follow this to install Hamachi & Haguichi (if GUI is your preference).

Firstly, fire-up a terminal (CTRL+ALT+T) & type;

sudo apt-get update

I'd suggest to update the system. And on a related note, refer below before installing;

Make sure you have the LSB 3.0 (or above) package installed prior to attempt installing the product. If you had an older version of Hamachi for Linux, please make sure you uninstall it prior to attempt installing the latest software and read the README file located in the download package. Make sure that you have an ARMv4T or better processor and tun/tap driver installed before running Hamachi for Linux with ARM support.

Then, visit Logmein Labs & download your preferred package & open it with Ubuntu software center or you may use dpkg via terminal. If you're using dpkg, then navigate to the location where you've downloaded the file with cd command & issue below;

 sudo dpkg -i logmein-hamachi_2.1.0.119-1_i386.deb        # this is an example

Once installed, you may use command line to operate (as I've mentioned earlier, its a command line interface).

hamachi --help             # this is manual for hamachi, refer accordingly

Else refer below on installing Haguichi for GUI which integrates well with Hamachi.

Add PPA to the Ubuntu repo & update while installing haguichi. Type below commands;

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/haguichi
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install haguichi

Agree to any prompts. Haguichi will be installed and appear in your desktop menu under Internet or Applications, depending on what UI you use.

You may refer my video on How to install LogMeIn Hamachi on Linux for more clear understanding. Also refer the sources below for further understanding.

Source: How to Install and Use Hamachi on Ubuntu 10.10

Hope it helps!


How to recursively create 1 gb files in random locations

This command will create 10 files, of 1GB each at random locations in your file system:

find / -mount -type d -print0 2>/dev/null |
    shuf -zn 10 |
        while IFS= read -r -d '' dir; do
            sudo fallocate -l 1G "$dir"/evilFile &&
            echo "Created $dir/evilFile";
        done

Explanation

find / -mount -type d -print0 2>/dev/null : find all directories in your /. The -moun tells find not to descend into mounted filesystems. This is optional, but a good idea if you have any mounted network shares or the like. Then, the -print0 means "end each line with a NULL (\0) instead of a newline (\n)". You need this in case any of the directory names you find contain a newline. Finally, the 2>/dev/null is to discard error mesages about not having permission to read directories. You could also avoid this by running the find command as root, but this is risky enough without going into system directories.
shuf -zn 10 : choose 10 lines randomly. The -z lets shuf deal with NULL-terminated lines.
while IFS= read -r -d '' dir; do : read each null-terminated line, saving each directory as $dir and...
sudo fallocate -l 1G "$dir"/evilFile : create a 1G file in that directory.


Unity crash and network adapters missing after uninstalling virtualbox

Turns out it was not related to the uninstall of virtualbox at all- I had tried to (and forgotten about) install a newer version of virtualbox after the uninstall and mistakenly downloaded the 32-bit version. Installing that on my 64-bit system is what killed it- and it turned out to be easier to wipe everything and start over for me but perhaps someone else could come up with a fix.


One line command for adding new items to com.canonical.Unity.Panel systray-whitelist

After hitting error after error, I finally figured why it didn't accept the quotes. You can simply place the quotes around the actual variable, no need to enter them in the actual command.

This will work:

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Panel systray-whitelist "$(gsettings get com.canonical.Unity.Panel systray-whitelist | sed -e "s/]$/, 'shutter']/")"

(Also, you need to remove the ' in sed -e "s/']$/ in your example for this to work).

Later edit: by the way, don't run gsettings with sudo... it won't work.


What happens when I cancel a Deja Dup backup?

The worst that will happen is that some extra backup files will sit in the backup location until your next backup.

There are three ways a backup can end prematurely.  Cancel, Resume Later, or being interrupted (like shutdown or loss of Internet).  In the first case, Deja Dup will clean up any partial backup it might have left before closing.  In the latter two cases, the files will be left, and it will try to resume the backup where it left off the next time it is run.


Cuda has unmet dependencies. Unable to install

the problem is that ubuntu does not know where to find these packages. type the following code in terminal:

add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa


VirtualBox looses gtk theme after system update

No idea why it happens (had the same issue crop up before) but a quick fix is to run qtconfig, under appearance tab there's 'select gui style' option - make sure it says GTK+. From top menu select File -> Save.


Why was PHP 7.3 automatically installed on Ubuntu 16.04?

A reverse dependency apt query will tell you which packages depend upon a package. This is the inverse of a normal dependency search.

Example: Package foo depends upon package libfoo1.

$ apt-cache depends foo
foo
  Depends: libfoo1

$ apt-cache rdepends libfoo1
libfoo1
Reverse Depends:
  foo

In 16.04 and newer systems, you can use either apt or apt-cache to do the query. Syntax is identical.

Do a reverse dependency search upon those php7.3 packages to find what pulled them in.


How can I share a directory with an another user?

Taken from this excellent post on Ubuntu Forums by Morbius1.

The classic Linux way of doing this sort of thing goes something like this:

Create the shared folder:

sudo mkdir /home/Shared

Create the new user's group:

sudo addgroup newgroup

Change ownership of the shared folder to the new group:

sudo chown :newgroup /home/Shared

Add your desired users to that group:

sudo adduser user1 newgroup

Repeat for all users.

Now you have some decisions to make about what you want those users to be able to do:

[a] All group users can add to and delete from the folder and can read and but not write to each others files:

sudo chmod 0770 /home/Shared

[b] Same as above but only the owner of the file can delete it:

sudo chmod 1770 /home/Shared

[c] All group users can add to and delete from the folder and can read and write to each other's files:

sudo chmod 2770 /home/Shared

[d] Same as [c] except only the owner of the file can delete it:

sudo chmod 3770 /home/Shared

A 1 in the first position of the chmod command is the sticky bit which prevents deletion of a file to anyone other than the owner.

A 2 in the first position of the chmod command is the setgid bit which forces all new or copied files to have the group of that folder.

A 3 in the first position of the chmod command is the combination of the sticky (1) & setgid (+2) bits.

There is one caveat to all this as far as the setgid bit is concerned. All new files created in and any files copied to that folder will in fact inherit the group of the folder. But not files moved to that folder. Moved files retain the ownership from wherever they were moved from. One way to get past this problem is to use bindfs.

Finally if you want others outside the group to be able to see the files but not change them change the final 0 in the chmod command to a 5 eg:

sudo chmod 0775 /home/Shared


saving files..all LOST after shutdown and settings

Maybe you logged in as guest/invited. Ubuntus guest accounts work like this, everything is set back after shut down. Files created as guest on Windows will be available afterwards, that's the difference.

To avoid losing files this way, you can disable the guest account, by typing in the terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T):

gksudo gedit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf

Add the following line:

allow-guest=false

It should look like this:

[SeatDefaults]

user-session=ubuntu

greeter-session=unity-greeter

allow-guest=false

Save and close. Next time you make login, only your created user accounts will be shown at the beginning.


You can install drivers for this new adapter from ppa. It is not supported by drivers from Ubuntu 14.04 repository (331).

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-346 nvidia-prime
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa

Also it makes sense to upgrade kernel to 3.19 before you install the driver by

sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-vivid

If the driver does not work, you can uninstall it from console.

Press Ctrl+Alt+F1, login to console and run

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot


Why am I getting socket.gaierror with httplib?

Lines 10 and 11 of your script:

conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("localhost/xampp/mantisbt-1.2.2/login.php")
conn.request("POST","localhost/xampp/mantisbt-1.2.2/login.php",params, headers)

You are creating a HTTPConnection object with the wrong arguments: look at the documentation, the signature is:

class httplib.HTTPConnection(host[, port[, strict[, timeout[, source_address]]]])

HTTPConnection takes the hostname, HTTPConnection.request() takes the path. Therefore you should write:

conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("localhost")
conn.request("POST","localhost/xampp/mantisbt-1.2.2/login.php",params, headers)


VLC Player and VirtualBox font problem in Xubuntu 14.04 LTS

I've solved my problems by using Infinality. While looking any kind of cure to my problem, I've noticed Infinality and installed it with the following from terminal.

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:no1wantdthisname/ppa

  sudo apt-get update

  sudo apt-get upgrade

  sudo apt-get install fontconfig-infinality

After that, I've installed VLC and VirtualBox from synaptic and both worked fine ;)

Hope it may help anyone who needs.

Best


You can try adding an alias in .bashrc file in the home folder
alias eclipse=~/eclipse/java-neon/eclipse/eclipse


Following is an upstart script that worked for me to allow user jobs to start at system startup. Without it I could not get them to work either.

author 'Bradley Ayers'
description 'Enables user job "start on" stanzas to be honored at boot'

task
start on starting rc-sysinit

script
cat /etc/passwd | while read line
do
    user=`echo $line | cut -d: -f1`
    home=`echo $line | cut -d: -f6`
    if [ -d "$home/.init" ]
        then
        sudo -u $user initctl status rc-sysinit
    fi
done
end script

Source: I got the script from: Enabling Upstart user jobs to start at boot


Apps on ubuntu 20.04 not opening after upgrade

Try sudo dpkg --configure -a or sudo apt install -f
The first one will check to see if there are any packages that weren't fully installed and the second one will attempt to install any missing dependencies.


First take a look in /usr/include or /usr/local/include.

If you find nothing there, try :

`gcc -print-prog-name=cc1plus` -v

This command asks gcc which C++ preprocessor it is using, and then asks that preprocessor where it looks for includes.

You will get a reliable answer for your specific setup.

Likewise, for the C preprocessor:

`gcc -print-prog-name=cc1` -v


Have you tried installing the proprietary driver for your graphics card?  This will you give you more options than the open source driver.


The problem

The problem is that CPU_USAGE ends up as an empty string.  This causes a problem here:

[ $CPU_USAGE -gt 85 ]

After the shell variable is evaluated, the above becomes:

[ -gt 85 ]

This fails because the argument before the -gt is now missing.

The solution

To get a non-empty CPU_USAGE, we need to replace:

CPU_USAGE=$(top -b -n1 | awk '/^Cpu/ {print $2}' | cut -d. -f1)

with:

CPU_USAGE=$(top -b -n1 | awk '/^%Cpu/ {print $2}' | cut -d. -f1)

where a % was added.

Quoting

As mentioned above, when CPU_USAGE is empty and unquoted, we get the "Unary operator" error:

$ CPU_USAGE=""; [ $CPU_USAGE -gt 85 ] && echo yes
bash: [: -gt: unary operator expected

It is best practice to quote shell variables in situations like this.  If we do quote it, then we get a different error message:

$ CPU_USAGE=""; [ "$CPU_USAGE" -gt 85 ] && echo yes
bash: [: : integer expression expected

While we still get an error, this error message is at least more informative: it says that $CPU_USAGE is not a number.

Simplification

The cut process is not needed.  We can replace:

CPU_USAGE=$(top -b -n1 | awk '/^%Cpu/ {print $2}' | cut -d. -f1)

with:

CPU_USAGE=$(top -b -n1 | awk -F'[ .]+' '/^%Cpu/ {print $2}')


You can use a custom SSH configuration file for making aliases for hosts. Create the ~/.ssh/config file if it does not already exist and add the following:

Host school
    User yourverylonguserid
    HostName your.very.long.school.example.com
    # Optionally, change the port:
    #Port 22

Then, use ssh school to login, you can even omit the user part since it was set in the configuration file. This works for other SSH tools as well, like scp and sshfs.

You're always able to override the settings in the configuration file. If you need to login with another user once (e.g. for testing purposes), you can specify the user to override the user:

ssh testuser@school

For more information, check the manual page of ssh_config(5)


How do I set the system date/time format from the command line?

What do you want to achieve? To change the format temporarily

$ date
Mon Feb 21 18:46:57 CET 2011
$ LANG=cs_CZ.utf8 date
Po úno 21 18:47:22 CET 2011

or permanently by putting the variables in /etc/default/locale?


The url in your 1st ldapsearch is mangled.

Use either:

for local socket ldapi:///
for network url  ldap://ldap01.domain.local


'sudo apt-get -f install' produces error with overwriting

Use Following Command before using install -f:

sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get update
Sudo apt-get install -f


Where can I find a metronome for music practice?

As mentioned in a comment, I couldn't get the mentioned metronomes (existing for Linux/Ubuntu) working on 16.04, at least not out of the box. I didn't spend much time in getting it to work, since practically all of them give the impression to be abandoned.

Time to write one...

This answer (work in progress) should eventually lead to a metronome, including GUI. A good time to mention possible features you'd like.

1. CLI metronome

Creating a straightforward metronome turns out to be shockingly simple:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import sys
import time

bpm = int(sys.argv[1])
pauze = 60/bpm

while True:
    time.sleep(pauze)
    subprocess.Popen(["ogg123", "/usr/share/sounds/ubuntu/stereo/bell.ogg"])

How to use

The metronome needs vorbis-tools, to play the sound

sudo apt-get install vorbis-tools

Copy the script above into an empty file, save it as metronome.py
Run it with the bpm as argument:

python3 /path/to/metronome.py <bpm>

e.g.:

python3 /path/to/metronome.py 100

To run it with 100 beats per minute

Note

For the sound, I used the file /usr/share/sounds/ubuntu/stereo/bell.ogg, which should be on your system by default (tested 14.04/16.04). You can however use any (.ogg) sample you like. In the final version, A number of options (sounds) will be available.

2. Shockingly simple GUI version

As a next step, a very basic version, the last version without an installer:

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk
import sys
import subprocess
import time
from threading import Thread
import os

path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))

class MetroWindow(Gtk.Window):
    def __init__(self):
        Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="Shockingly simple Metronome")
        self.speed = 70
        self.run = False
        # maingrid
        maingrid = Gtk.Grid()
        maingrid.set_column_homogeneous(True)
        maingrid.set_row_homogeneous(False)
        maingrid.set_border_width(30)
        self.add(maingrid)
        # icon
        image = Gtk.Image(xalign=0)
        image.set_from_file(os.path.join(path, "icon.png"))
        maingrid.attach(image, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        # vertical slider,  initial value, min, max, step, page, psize
        self.v_scale = Gtk.Scale(
            orientation=Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL,
            adjustment=Gtk.Adjustment.new(self.speed, 10, 240, 1, 0, 0)
            )
        self.v_scale.set_vexpand(True)
        self.v_scale.set_digits(0)
        self.v_scale.connect("value-changed", self.scale_moved)
        maingrid.attach(self.v_scale, 1, 0, 2, 1)

        self.togglebutton = Gtk.Button("_Run", use_underline=True)
        self.togglebutton.connect("clicked", self.time_out)
        self.togglebutton.set_size_request(70,20)
        maingrid.attach(self.togglebutton, 3, 3, 1, 1)

        # start the thread
        self.update = Thread(target=self.run_metro, args=[])
        self.update.setDaemon(True)
        self.update.start()

    def scale_moved(self, event):
        self.speed = int(self.v_scale.get_value())

    def time_out(self, *args):
        if self.run == True:
            self.run = False
            self.togglebutton.set_label("Run")
        else:
            self.run = True
            self.togglebutton.set_label("Pauze")

    def pauze(self):
        return 60/self.speed

    def run_metro(self):
        soundfile = "/usr/share/sounds/ubuntu/stereo/bell.ogg"
        while True:
            if self.run == True:
                subprocess.Popen([
                    "ogg123", soundfile
                    ])
            time.sleep(self.pauze())

def run_gui():
    window = MetroWindow()
    window.connect("delete-event", Gtk.main_quit)
    window.set_resizable(False)
    window.show_all()
    Gtk.main()

run_gui()

The image

How to use

Like the cli version, this one needs vorbis-tools:

sudo apt-get install vorbis-tools

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as metro.py
Right- click on the image above, save it In one and the same directory as the script (exactly) as: icon.png.
Simply run the metronome by the command:

python3 /path/to/metro.py

3. PPA for the Orange Metronome

It is done!

The metronome is ready for installation.
The Orange Metronome comes with a set of different sounds to choose from, and the beats can be grouped. All changes are applied immediately on the running metronome:

To install:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:vlijm/orangemetronome
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install orangemetronome

Work to do

Currently, the metronome comes with four different sounds to choose from. Probably a few will be added in the next few days, some of them will be replaced/updated
On the longer term
For the longer term, I am thinking of adding the option for (custom) complex structures like 3+3+2, 2+2+2+3 etc., which I always missed in existing metronomes.

Finally

The latest (current) version 0.5.3 adds a number of sounds, but more importantly, the option to run irregular (composite) beats. In this version, they are hard coded. Will be customizable from version > 1.


How To Install Unity 8 On 18.04 and 18.10?

Unity 8 is an odd duck.  Canonical dropped Unity in 2017, and Unity8 is not supported by https://unity8.io/, who state:

  Unity8 is not ready for production use on the desktop yet. However,
  you can install a development preview on Ubuntu 16.04 and 18.04 to
  explore the current status. Visit our GitHub project to see what we
  are workin on at the moment and where we could use your help.

The GitHub project is at this location, and they have instructions for installation in https://github.com/ubports/unity8/blob/xenial/README.md

However this is a development release of a product that canonical does not support.  This question might be marked as 'off-topic' as a result.


Open network configuration file
$ sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces OR $ sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

Find and remove dhcp entry:
    iface eth0 inet dhcp

Append new network settings:

iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.100
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.1.0
broadcast 192.168.1.255
gateway 192.168.1.254

Save and close the file. Restart the network:
$ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart


Dual boot between Windows 10 and Ubuntu 14.10

Intsalling Ubuntu along side of Windows is really simple
I''m not really sure what happen with your installation but it seems to me that maybe yo did not properly install Ubuntu.

This post may Shed some like on what you need to do to get things up and running https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot?_ga=1.51001513.1619790069.1435447670


Wi-fi disappears after rebooting from windows (18.10)

I think this happens because of WOL function

  Realtek no link / WOL problem
  Users with Realtek 8168 8169 8101 8111(C) based NICs (cards / and on-board) may notice a problem where the NIC seems to be disabled on boot and has no Link light. This can usually be found on a dual boot system where Windows is also installed. It seems that using the official Realtek drivers (dated anything after May 2007) under Windows is the cause. These newer drivers disable the Wake-On-LAN feature by disabling the NIC at Windows shutdown time, where it will remain disabled until the next time Windows boots. You will be able to notice if this problem is affecting you if the Link light remains off until Windows boots up; during Windows shutdown the Link light will switch off. Normal operation should be that the link light is always on as long as the system is on, even during POST. This problem will also affect other operating systems without newer drivers (eg. Live CDs). Here are a few fixes for this problem.

To enable WOL on windows 10:

1.Go to Device Manager.

2.Expand Network adapters in the device tree, select your Ethernet adapter, right-click it and then select
    Properties.

3.Then select the Power Management tab and check off
    all three boxes shown below.

4.Next select the Advanced tab,
    scroll down in the Property box and select Wake on Magic Packet
    and ensure that it is enabled in the Value list box then click
    OK.


Pencil.it doesn't support Firefox 4, it only works with Firefox 3.0b3 - 3.6.*.  There hasn't been any development since June, so it's impossible to estimate when support will land if ever.

You could try to bypass the test, but make sure you backup your bookmarks etc as things might get ugly.


Disk Failure is Imminent after Partion with gParted

These events are unrelated. Partitioning is not a cause for the diagnostics on a hard drive to fail. Your hard drive is likely to fail soon and it's just a coincidence this happens after using a partitioning tool.

Back up your data soon and replace the drive.


What webcam apps are available and how to check if your webcam is working?

Cheese

Cheese uses your webcam to take photos
and videos, applies fancy special
effects and lets you share the fun
with others. It was written as part of
Google's 2007 Summer of Code lead by
daniel g. siegel and mentored by
Raphaël Slinckx. Under the hood,
Cheese uses GStreamer to apply fancy
effects to photos and videos. With
Cheese it is easy to take photos of
you, your friends, pets or whatever
you want and share them with others.


Depending on what you would like to do, just use ssh by typing ssh ip but replace ip with the ip of the device. If that is not working for you you can also download Putty from here which is a GUI ssh program.


Workspace Switching with gnome in ubuntu 17.10

For workspace switcher, you have Workspace Indicator extension https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/21/workspace-indicator/.

For the cube animation, sorry I don't find any, but at least you can use Workspace Grid extension: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/484/workspace-grid.

For the CCSM, unfortunately, we cannot use it anymore in GNOME.


How to edit my Lubuntu 14.10 digital clock settings?

In order to show AM/PM you have to change the clock format field in the digital clock settings from %R to %I:%M %p

You can read more about all the possible configuration options in the official documentation - https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Lubuntu/Documentation/CustomizingTheClock


Ubuntu 20.10, Gnome shell becomes less 'snappy' after some time

It's a known bug.
If you view the top command when it's slow, you'll see that gnome-shell has a memory leak and has gobbled up a ton of memory.
Under X11, you can easily restart gnome-shell with ALT-F2 (or ALT-FN-F2), then "r", then ENTER.
If at the login screen, you select your username, then click on the cogwheel icon, and select "Ubuntu under Wayland" you may not have this same problem.


step #1

turn off secure boot in your BIOS, to fix "kernel module load" errors.
boot to the GRUB menu
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose dpkg - fix broken packages
let it try to finish the aborted upgrade

If that doesn't resolve your problem, I'll give you a different set of specific commands to execute. Report back.
step #2 (detail pending)
sudo apt-get update

dpkg --configure -a

apt-get install -f


I would say no, since it is not listed as an option for download. But you could try running it through wine or another windows emulator. I can't say as I am not familiar with the program


That's a "normal" calculator with many many special functions and graphical as well.
It's function is getting improved all the time, so it needs to be updated often..

Check this page for more information :

Ubuntu Calculator

Also check the versions which are available, so you can see the differences. it's huge :)


how to ping ip address of the connected access point?

could someone give me the command. I cannot find the command.

This is because no such commands exists. An accesspoint is a L2 device. It doesn't need to care about IP, which is layer 3. The accesspoint cares about transporting frames, and converting between WLAN frames and Ethernet frames.

In many typical home routers, the access point and router is a combined device. In this case you can find the IP of the device by looking at default route:

$ ip route
default via 10.0.3.1 dev wlan0 proto dhcp metric 600
10.0.3.0/24 dev wlan0 proto kernel scope link src 10.0.3.48 metric 600

In this case the default gateway is 10.0.3.1. In my case, this is a pfsense firewall and router, whilst the AP is a Ubiquiti that has an IP of 10.0.1.133.


The link to their homepage seems to be broken, which is listed on:

http://packages.ubuntu.com/maverick/kbib
https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/natty/+package/kbib

A quick Google shows that the new website is located at http://users.tpg.com.au/thachly/kbib/

So it looks unmaintained (the last update dates from 3 November 2009). Searching for bibtex in the packages search shows some alternatives, kbibtex looks very promising and is made for KDE too:

  An application to manage bibliography databases in the BibTeX format. KBibTeX can be used as a standalone program, but can also be embedded into other KDE applications (e.g. as bibliography editor into Kile).

  KBibTeX can query online ressources (e.g. Google scholar) via customizable search URLs. It is also able to import complete datasets from NCBI Pubmed. It also supports tagging references with keywords and manages references to local files.

  BibTeX files can be exported into HTML, XML, PDF, PS and RTF format using a number of citation styles.


After installing ubuntu 12.04 amd 64 bit alongside windows 8, i can't load ubuntu nor no option for dual booting

I didn't see you mention whether you set your systems BIOS to a NON UEFI state, if UEFI applies to your particular system.

FWIW, UEFI and Microsoft's fragile boot loader is a good reason to install LINUX onto USB media since it is well suited for it and avoids issues with Microsoft's bitchy and  increasingly  selfish versions ever since Fista.


The simple answer is:

Open the terminal(Alt+Ctrl+t), and enter the following command:

sudo xterm

This will prompt you to enter the root user password. Enter it, and xterm will open as root.

Hope this helped.


How to access recovery console without using grub?

Depending on the configuration, you may be able to force the GRUB menu to show up by holding Shift when it is running. (To be safe, hold shift before you start the computer until the menu shows up or Ubuntu boots.)

If Ubuntu boots without showing the GRUB menu then this didn't work.

If that doesn't work, pressing Esc may work.


How to execute a terminal command at boot

If you want it to execute before the login manager, just put it at the end of /etc/rc.local


If you want to remove the ATLAS development packages, they are actually called libatlas-dev and libatlas-base-dev.

However, there should be no need to uninstall these packages in order to use OpenBLAS: the update-alternatives mechanism will take care of things for you, automatically assigning higher priority to the OpenBLAS version of libblas when you install it e.g. with only the ATLAS development packages installed you should see

$ update-alternatives --get-selections | grep libblas
libblas.so                     auto     /usr/lib/atlas-base/atlas/libblas.so
libblas.so.3                   auto     /usr/lib/atlas-base/atlas/libblas.so.3

then installing OpenBLAS development packages using

$ sudo apt-get install libopenblas-dev

and checking again you should see

$ update-alternatives --get-selections | grep libblas
libblas.so                     auto     /usr/lib/openblas-base/libblas.so
libblas.so.3                   auto     /usr/lib/openblas-base/libblas.so.3

You should be able to swap between them using sudo update-alternatives --config libblas.so and following the on-screen instructions.


Possible corrupt NTFS System (Windows Files still accessible via Ubuntu)

Preferred approach: In general, an ntfs partition should be checked and repaired by the MS Windows disk checking tools. If anyway possible, connect your SSD to another working Windows install, and have it checked there.

Backup approach: If you do not have the possibility to connect the SSD to another Windows system, you may try checking and repairing it in your linux session. This may either work or make matters worse, so make sure you safeguard your personal data before attempting this. If mounted, then unmount the partition first. Then use the ntfsfix utility:

sudo ntfsfix /dev/###

where /dev/### should be replaced by the actual device name of the ntfs partition. You can find the name of that partition in the output of

lsblk

This might be enough to make your Windows system bootable again, after which you can check the volume again using the Windows tools. It might, however, not work, or even make the situation worse. Thus, before doing that, make certain your backup of the data is up to date.


I would try using sudo dd if=/dev/cdrom of=dvd.img where /dev/cdrom is your drive device path. This would create an image of the disc, trying to recover data in the process. Then you may try testdisk if the image that dd produces is garbage.


Docker setup Ubuntu 16.04 - Job for docker.service failed

I have also an Ubuntu 16.04 LTS installation.

try running this:
running:

#"journalctl -fu docker"

That's what it comes out:

dockerd[7688]: time="2020-01-23T10:11:19.306442198+01:00" level=fatal msg="Your Linux kernel version 2.6.32-042stab127.2 is not supported for running docker. Please upgrade your kernel to 3.10.0 or newer."

That was the point for me. The Kernel need to be upgraded.


Rather than hardcoding paths in your Python script we should make use of the path operation from the module os.

os.path.expanduser(path) expands the path to the user's home directory
os.path.join(path1,*path2*,...) joins path elements with the appropriate separator
os.sep gives the OS dependent path separator (/ for Linux/Unix, \ for Windows)
os.getcwd() gives the current working directory
os.path.abspath(path) gives the OS dependent absolute path of a given path

Example:

>>>import os
>>>path = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'), 'documents', 'python', 'file.txt')
>>>print (path)

Result

/home/user/documents/python/file.txt ## when on Ubuntu
C:\Users\user\documents\python\file.txt ## when running Windows


Could be a kernel issue. I personally couldn't install an OS with kernel below 4.17 on my Ryzen 2500U.

https://forum.manjaro.org/t/cant-get-the-live-cd-to-boot-on-ryzen-5-2400g/41009
https://www.reddit.com/r/Amd/comments/8v9eeb/state_of_ryzen_3_2200g_and_linux/


I'm assuming you mean that you want to use graphical applications from the terminal, forgive me if I'm incorrect.

There are many ways to do this. I'm going to assume you mean one of the following:

You can log in via ssh and then remotely start gui applications over ssh via X11. One could use this to run gui only apps on a headless machine.
You want to log in using a gui, and avoid the terminal altogether.

For the first solution, make sure you can send those protocols over ssh. You'll need to check the ssh config file located at /etc/ssh/sshd_config. Make sure X11 forwarding is on. You'll also need an X server on your windows machine for this to work. I've heard good things about Xming. You can check if X11 forwarding is on by running xclock on the terminal by simply typing xclock, you should see the clock show up on your screen.

If what you want is to log in remotely to a gui without the terminal, you'll need some sort of vnc server on your xubuntu machine. I use vncserver which you can get by running sudo apt-get install vncserver and it does the job, although many people have noted that it lacks appropriate security. If you choose this path, make sure you have the appropriate access over the firewall and that any ports aren't blocked, or that you can tunnel the connection over your ssh port.


Can I Display Microphone status in top bar?

After thinking I have to write my own Gnome extension for this, I tried all the existing ones again.

Turns out, Nothing to say does almost exactly what I want.
It has some documentation on its GitHub page.

I was not able to find out how to use its push-to-talk feature that is described on the GitHub page, but I don't care about this anyway. Per default, push-to-talk does not seem to be active.

On my system, the extension's icon in the top bar becomes active whenever an application uses the microphone. If I then use the system-wide shortcut to mute the microphone, the extension icon changes and shows that the microphone is muted. This is perfect for me.


Quick answer (without deeper research): it is highly unlikely that a component that fails in the live system will work in the installed system without extra work. Thats one of the purposes for Ubuntu Live CDs.


By default no changelog is downloaded prior to packages download.
Once downloaded a package to install/upgrade, the changelog is located inside the package itself, so there is no further network use.

It is possible that you have apt-listchanges installed, that cause your problem, though it is not installed by default. If it is so, remove it and your problem is solved.


I solved the problem simply by setting the boot/active flag in the protective MBR. I expected the Ubuntu setup to do this by default.

To set the flag, I used fdisk. The command fdisk -l lists all the available devices, to identify the correct path (e.g. /dev/sda).

The command fdisk /dev/sda starts fdisk for editing the disk content. To add the boot/active flag, enter the following keys and then press return each time.

M    # Start Editing the Protective MBR
a    # Toggle Boot/Active Flag
w    # Write Changes
q    # Exit fdisk


How to open word document file in terminal?

Technically speaking xdg-open should work for all file types. It'll just open them in the appropriate application. All the document mime types are mapped to Libre Office by default so this should just work:

xdg-open document.doc


i have a abgn ac wi-fi nano 11AC Adapter foktech. Can I get the driver for ubuntu

Speaking from experience, this device does work with Ubuntu 18.04 and 20.04, but you need to work for it.
These are the steps you'll need to follow:

If you don't already have git or dkms on your system, install them:
sudo apt install git dkms

Clone the unofficial Realtek 8812au drivers to your local machine:
git clone https://github.com/jeremyb31/rtl8812au-1.git

Change to the source directory:
cd rtl8812au-1

Compile the driver:
sudo ./dkms-install.sh

Once this is done, Ubuntu will recognize your WiFi adapter and it should work immediately after. If your WiFi settings are still greyed out, reboot and that should resolve the issue.
Disclaimer: I have not tested this on 12.04, 14.04, 16.04, or any non-LTS release of Ubuntu. If you are using something other than Ubuntu 18.04 or 20.04, your results may vary. Test often. Test well.


Plex on Ubuntu Server will not update metadata

Make sure that the /var/lib/plexmediaserver/ folder is owned by Plex.

sudo chown -R plex:plex /var/lib/plexmediaserver/

Hope this helps!


Long boot after upgrade from 14.10 to 15.04

To identify the problem, run;

systemd-analyze blame

Or for graphical analysis

systemd-analyze plot > plot.svg
eog plot.svg

Use any viewer if you do not use eog ;)

Other distros (Fedora and Arch) have been using systemd for longer, and have IMO better documentation then Ubuntu at the moment.

See https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Improve_boot_performance

Optimization may include disabling services you do not need, for example see

https://harald.hoyer.xyz/2013/11/13/fedora-boot-optimization/

Once you have identified where the boot is hanging or taking too long you can look into solutions.

See also http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/utopic/man1/systemd-bootchart.1.html

I really can not find ubuntu specific information on the ubuntu wiki as of yet.


Fn keys generate ACPI events and not keyboard events. To echo the keypress for Fn to the terminal use ...

sudo acpi_listen

Pres Fn + F12 and it will show

button/volumeup VOLUP 00000080 00000000 K.

This connects directly to the hardware and is OS independent. Remapping  is out of the question.

Here is an interesting read about kernel and a keymap. But that goes beyond a basic changing of keycodes and it does not deal with setting the control key to act as an Fn.


I tried with microk8s (1.21/stable) and after configuring the apiserver for the oidc configuration, dex in my case, the kubelite doesn't start:
 vi /var/snap/microk8s/2210/args/kube-apiserver
 #Added these oidc parameters:
--oidc-issuer=https://oidc-url.example.com
--oidc-auth-client=oidc-auth-client
--oidc-username-claim=email
--oidc-groups-claim=groups
--oidc-ca-file=/etc/ssl/certs/ca.pem

After that, I restarted the kubelite, starting from 1.20 I think, all the kubernetes controllers with apiserver and db are provided by kubelite, but it doesn't start.
systemctl stop snap.microk8s.daemon-kubelite.service
systemctl start snap.microk8s.daemon-kubelite.service
journactl -u  snap.microk8s.daemon-kubelite.service
mag 19 18:41:29 microk8s-test-01 microk8s.daemon-kubelite[599787]: Error:
unknown flag: --oidc-issuer
mag 19 18:41:29 microk8s-test-01 microk8s.daemon-kubelite[599787]: F0519 18:41:29.537492  599787 daemon.go:67] API Server exited unknown flag: --oidc-issuer
mag 19 18:41:29 microk8s-test-01 systemd[1]: snap.microk8s.daemon-kubelite.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=255/EXCEPTION
mag 19 18:41:29 microk8s-test-01 systemd[1]: snap.microk8s.daemon-kubelite.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.

From the logs above, the apiserver doesn't recognize the oidc-issuer parameter.
Best
Stefano


IIRC the order in the boot menu is determined by the leading numbers for each sub-file in grub.d...Like 10_linux adds to the menu before 40_custom.  So if you want to move an OS up you add it to the menu with a 07_reallycustom entry


I can't start up because root filesystem is full

I fixed it by deleting the /data/db/ dir which totalled just over 550MB. I can now gain access to Gnome Desktop so all is good but to prevent this problem in the future I am now in the process of increasing my file system root /dev/sda5 from 10G to 25G or more. Better to be safe than sorry.


get sh to execute the commands inside from a PDF compiled with LaTeX

Maybe it would help, if you could provide a full pdf example for that.

But to be honest, I could think of good reasons why the creators of PDF restricted the execution of commands from a PDF. If it was easy to start any command, one could build nice trojan PDFs that penetrate systems.
Because so far, I haven't heard of something like that, I guess it is not possible (because malware producers are very creative, and most likely would have used it already).

But have you thought of creating a javascript version for your demo and embed it in a HTLM file? I guess it would be much easier to embed a hyperlink to such a HTML solution in your pdf (you could just store the HTML locally).


Cannot copy text from Acrobat reader on Ubuntu


For anyone landing on this page in 2020, please follow below steps on firefox:

go to Menu -> Customize…
you’ll see the “Title Bar” checkbox in the left bottom of customize tab, Un-check it to hide the title bar

ref: http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2018/05/hide-firefox-title-bar-ubuntu-18-0416-04


Try installing Java 8 (openjdk-8-jre or your repository's equivalent package) and openjfx. Then select openjdk-8 as the default Java:

sudo update-alternatives --config java

This was an issue with Java 9 and 10 noted on the PDFSAM website.


I would advise installing the 12.10 version.
Long answer:
From Launchpad:

Image Writer for Windows
This tool is used for writing images to USB sticks or SD/CF cards on Windows.
This program was initially written to fill a need for Ubuntu Jaunty (9.04) Netbook Remix. Recently, it has grown in popularity for other project developers, namely Arm development projects (Android, Ubuntu on Arm, etc). Anyone is free to branch and modify this program. Patches are always welcome.
This project is currently being migrated to Sourceforge. Please be patient.
Downloads are now on Sourceforge only.

From the readme:
===================
Build Instructions:
===================
Requirements:
1. MinGW (20120426 from http://mingw.org)
2. Qt for Windows SDK (currently using 4.8.4 mingw from http://qt-project.org)

Short Version:
1. Install the Qt Full SDK
2. Run compile.bat -OR- run qmake and then make in the src folder.
3. Compile.bat may be edited to change installation paths of MinGW and QT

It will be complicated to install.


Remember that if you want to dual boot Windows and Ubuntu you must install
Windows first in a primary partition, leaving enough free space for Ubuntu.

Your /dev/sda1 partitions contains /boot, that is, the files necessary to boot
your Ubuntu system (i.e., the kernel image).

This means that if you want to install Windows you will have to format your
drive (erasing Ubuntu and everything), install Windows leaving space for Ubuntu,
and then install Ubuntu on the free space left.

After formatting you should create a partition table that looks like this:

/dev/sda1 --> primary partition for Windows (say 100 GB)
/dev/sda2 --> extended (say the rest, for example)

Inside the extended partition you would install Ubuntu however you wish.
You could use all the remaining space not used on Windows or you could
do something else... like dividing it between Ubuntu and a vfat partition
(to share between both OSs).

If you plan to format your drive, I recommend the following approach:

Get Ubuntu's live CD/DVD and burn to a CD/DVD or pendrive.
Boot into the live media (CD or DVD or pendrive) and choose 'Try Ubuntu'.
Start GParted and erase all the partitions on your hard drive (I am assuming you
are working with ONE hard drive, you should be careful not to erase valuable
data).
In GParted go to Device -> Create partition table
Add a primary partition, make sure to set it to an appropriate size
for your Windows installation (say ~ 100 GB). Leave enough space for  Ubuntu.
Add an extended partition, you may want to use up the remaining free space.

Now you can shutdown, remove the live media, and insert your Windows DVD in order to
install Windows on the first partition (the primary one) we created. After installing
Windows, you can shutdown and use the Ubuntu live media to install Ubuntu on the extended
partition.


Cannot loging because of ubuntu--vg-root: clean - Ubuntu 16.0.4 LTS

I found that the actual problem was that the ownership had been changed to ~/.XAuthority and I had to chown it back to my user.


Neither tmux nor tmuxinator currently support the XDG Base Dirs Spec.

The current state-of-play can be found at:

tmux - https://github.com/tmux/tmux/issues/142
tmuxinator - https://github.com/tmuxinator/tmuxinator/issues/360


It depends on whether they use group access or other access to change files there.

chmod -R g-w /home/www/prod

will prevent anyone from the group to change files

chmod -R o-w /home/www/prod

will prevent all users who are not owner or in a group to change files.

But before you do this, make sure nobody else needs write access to this directory, it really depends on your use case.


My internet works extremely slow (ASUS Sabertooth 990FX R2.0)

From the comments, it seems that the problem was with the DNS servers. Switching to the google DNS servers (instructions at https://developers.google.com/speed/public-dns/docs/using) makes it work better


How do I delete the GNUstep folder from home?

Regardless of the fact that you removed a software it might very well still be up and running on your system. In this case GNUstep prevents you from removing the directory, so either terminate its process(es) manually or just log out and log in again (or reboot) to be sure it's actually stopped before you remove the folder.


Plex Media Server on Ubuntu 12.10 - fighting with HFS+ (I guess)

I had a similar problem and all I needed to do was the following:

create a new, for example, a movies directory for plex:

$>mkdir Movies
$>chown -R plex:plex Movies
$>mount --bind real_movie_dir Movies

start up plex and add the newly generated Movies dir.

Note:  Use your freshly created Movies dir and don't use the real one. After a reboot you need to bind the directory before you start the plexmediaserver.

I hope this fixes also your problem.


Ubuntu USB Boot Memory Stick - Cursor Black Screen

Is UEFI / Secure Boot enabled? That might mess with things, lots of documentation on it though, so it might be a good idea to google about Ubuntu and UEFI.

Barring that:
As soon as Ubuntu starts booting, so after the boot menu, hit Escape a couple of times.

This should make the purple-ish background color change to black and you should see what's going on "under the hood" and should be able to tell where it's getting hung up.

I've had bad luck installing 13.10 from a USB stick, but it always booted into Live mode without issues.
You might check the MD5 hash for the file you downloaded, see if it didn't get corrupted.

Good luck


Run:

sudo gedit /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf

and set:

wifi.powersave = 0

Reboot Ubuntu.


I also had some issues setting up dual monitors. Fortunately, the following procedure worked for me:

Open nvidia-settings by searching for nvidia in the Dash, or run the command gksudo nvidia-settings in the Terminal. Note not to press the apply button.
Under 'Xserver Display Configuration' select TwinView and configure the settings for the monitors to your liking.
Click 'Save to X Configuration File' and an error message should appear. Click OK.
In the next dialog box click the button to 'Show Preview'.
Leave the preview window open and open a Terminal. Run the following commands in the Terminal to back up your xorg.conf file and open the original file in a test editor. If something goes wrong, just revert to your backed up xorg.conf.

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak

gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf`
Copy the text from the nvidia-settings preview window into the xorg.conf file. Save the xorg.conf file and close gedit. Click 'Cancel' to close the nvidia-settings preview window. Then click 'Quit' to exit completely out of nvidia-settings without applying or saving any data.
Restart your computer. If all went well, the two monitors should work together.

When I was dealing with this problem, the original text in the xorg.conf file only had a section labeled "Device".

The text pasted from the nvidia settings creates this section for you. Therefore, you should transfer what was in the original device section to the new device section.


Of course you can modify the resolution. You simply have to select the value that fits your screen from  drop-down list I surrounded in red here:


Why are Youtube videos not playing properly on chrome?

You need to:

Type chrome://plugins in the address bar of Chrome
Click DETAILS (on the top-right)
Disable pepperflash plugin /opt/google/chrome/PepperFlash/libpepflashplayer.so

This is the flash plugin developed by google for it's chrome browser. That's why Firefox doesn't have this problem.


When you created the pen drive install did you give yourself space for persistence? Its an option to allocate additional space when creating the drive to allow room for additional applications and files.
Using Ubuntu's USB startup creator this option is called Stored in reserve extra space
If you used unetbootin it is referred to as space used to reserve file access across reboots.

If you did not choose to allow additional space then it will not save any changes after a reboot.


You need only to install Pulse Audio Volume Control

sudo apt-get install pavucontrol

Open Pulse Audio Volume Control, navigate to the Recording tab and select your application that is recording sound. Then it should provide you with a drop down menu with source options.

Enjoy!


Ubuntu 18.4.03 restarts automatically 20 seconds after login on Dell Inspiron 5593

I got it to work! I just removed Ubuntu completely and re-installed it, this time with the mininal installation option and opting out of third-party software.


How to cat and print formatted more than one file?

The watch runs commands in a shell, so you need to quote things twice, or use the -x switch (if you're not relying on shell syntax). However, it looks like you want to run cat ... periodically and use its output as an argument for printf, in which case you should use command substitution. That means you can't use -x, but instead will have to single quote that command substitution for the outer shell, and let watch's invocation of the shell take care of it. Something like:
watch 'printf "%-20s: %4.10f" "in_current0_raw" "$(cat "${DEVICE_PATH}/in_current0_raw")"'

However, this means that DEVICE_PATH will be expanded by a different shell, so it should be exported before you run watch:
export DEVICE_PATH
watch 'printf "%-20s: %4.10f" "in_current0_raw" "$(cat "${DEVICE_PATH}/in_current0_raw")"'


How do I make the directories in a zip file relative to the target directory instead of my working directory

As you note in the comments you now know how to change directory with your script, I'll explain the situation with zip regarding relative paths.

It is probably easiest to open terminal and cd to kit123; you have to make the target directory your working directory- you can't run the command from the base of your home directory or it will pick up all the paths of /home/$USER/.. If you use the -j option, it will strip out all paths, as there isn't really an equivalent of the tar option --strip with which different levels of path removal can be specified.

So please cd to your target directory (kit123) and enter:

zip -r kit123.zip *

This will recursively (-r) preserve all (*) files and directories of files in the current directory (kit123), and as relative paths (-p) are preserved automatically unless the -j option is present, the directory structure will be as you wished. Kit123 and subfolders (kitpart1) with their own files will be present:

kit123
    kitpart1
        file.xcf
        anotherfile.xcf
    kitpart2

You can check the contents of the zip file with unzip -l zipfile.zip.

For more information on the other options available for zip, see man zip and the Ubuntu manpage online.


gdm/lightdm: can't login, but startx works

Ok, silly of me.

The problem was my /etc/environment file. From this thread, I learned that the 2nd line:

PATH="/usr/local/texlive/2015/bin/x86_64-linux:$PATH"

was literally interpreted: the $PATH variable is not expanded (as it usually is in a .bashrc file).

Using startx, I had my session opened, so the PATH set in the .zshrc masked the problem.

But I still haven^t figured out the apt dependencies problem though.


Running a webbrowser on the screen saver or login screen?

There might be a way to do what you are thinking BUT

There are also some extensions for firefox that allow you to have the web browser open full screen and lock like a web kiosk at malls and schools and stuff

then it requires a password to close I believe

hope this helps

https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/kiosk-browser-symbio-technolog/


Try the apt-get update, apt-get upgrade again, the postgresql packages were just updated and you might have caught them in an inconsistent state.

Still problems, try installing the packages explicitly.  If that fails, (backup any databasese) remove the packages, then apt-get autoremove and try installing them again.


There are probably several solutions possible; here's is how I would do it.
(Disclaimer: untested!)

The mount.cifs
command can read the username and password from the USER and
PASSWD environmental variables, but it can also read them from a
"credentials" file, that you specify on the command line with the -o
cred=/path/to/credentials/file option.

The credentials-file approach is IMHO simpler to implement.

Create a text file $HOME/.Music.cred to store the credentials;
the file should have this format:

user=your-username-on-cifs-server
password=the-password
domain=leave-this-blank-unless-really-using-windows-domains

Protect the $HOME/.Music.cred file; run this command in a terminal:

chmod go-rw $HOME/.Music.cred

Now you should be able to mount the CIFS share //server/music on
directory MyMusicFolder using this command:

sudo mount -t cifs -o cred=$HOME/.Music.cred //server/music $HOME/MyMusicFolder

You can enable each user to run this through passwordless sudo by
adding a line to /etc/sudoers: (one line per user)

# replace every occurence of `user` with the actual account name
user ALL= NOPASSWD: /bin/mount -t cifs -o cred=/home/user/.Music.cred //server/music /home/user/MyMusicFolder

If the command from step 3. worked correctly, you can make it
automatic in several ways:

save it into a shell script into your home directory and make
that script an auto-started application (you have to do this for
every user that needs to mount CIFS shares);
save it into a shell script /etc/X11/Xsession.d/30mount-cifs-shares
so that it will work for any user.

Alternatively, you can replace steps 3. and 4. above with the use of
pam-mount:

install package
libpam-mount
configure /etc/security/pam_mount.conf.xml with:

<debug enable="1" />
<volume server="server" path="music" mountpoint="~/MyMusicFolder" options="cred=/home/%(USER)/.Music.cred" />

References:

the mount.cifs man page
the pam_mount.conf man page


tried installing skype , error on line 57 in /etc/apt/sources.list. edited file now cant open software center or install skype

You have to specify the version before "partner" on those lines, like this:

deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner


You mention VMware, so I presume that this is on a VM? A delay in Tomcat starting could be due to a shortage of entropy, as described in bug 1269073.

This should be fixed in Trusty cloud images with the new pollinate system. If you aren't using official Ubuntu cloud images, try installing pollinate by hand.

(This may not be the answer in your specific case, but it is one avenue to investigate for anybody with this kind of issue)


Bluetooth Ubuntu Gnome 16.04 Xenial Xerus in Asus F553MA

I've had the same problem since Ubuntu Gnome 15.04.  I have a photive speaker that supports both A2DP and headset modes.  It works with my android phone, with the same computer in Windows 10, and with another computer running Fedora 23.  I believe it also worked with Linux Mint on the same hardware.  But it's never worked with Ubuntu Gnome; it connects as a headset, and the A2DP protocol is disabled.

Edit: I just tried the instructions here, and they worked for me; my speaker is currently connected in A2DP and playing in high-quality stereo.  However, I have tried them before, and they did not work on previous Ubuntu versions, so your mileage may vary.

This is still less than ideal, because now I will not be able to switch to headset mode to use the microphone.

Edit 2: I spoke too soon.  I just rebooted the machine to see if the changes would stick, and they did not - the headset would not even connect.  I started working through a few of the steps that I've found: I reloaded pulsaudio's bluetooth-discover module, and that didn't work; I then restarted the bluetooth service, and now it works.  So, try this, and see if you get the same results.

pactl unload-module module-bluetooth-discover
pactl load-module module-bluetooth-discover
sudo systemctl restart bluetooth

I'm not sure which of these steps is actually solving the problem.  Also, note that I did not kill and restart pulse itself, since that seems to confuse already-running applications.


about:startpage is the default.

In Firefox, go to edit then preferences, set the home page to about:startpage. Hope this works!


Ubuntu 13.04 + touch screen: points, though doesn't click

I've had the same issue; the good news is that there's a patch to fix it -- see (1) and (2). Follow the steps below (at your own risk) to apply the patch, compile the source, and install the patched packages:

Install the build dependencies for the source package
sudo apt-get build-dep xorg-server
Download the xorg-server package
sudo apt-get source xorg-server
cd to the directory created by the previous command
Download the patch, which can be found at 2
Apply the patch you just downloaded
patch -p0 < ~/Downloads/touch-fix.patch (assuming the patch is in ~/Downloads)
Compile and generate the packages (.deb files)
debuild -b -us -uc
Install the packages
sudo dpkg -i ../*.deb
Restart your machine

I hope this helps.

(1) https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=56578
(2) https://bugs.freedesktop.org/attachment.cgi?id=78125


Vmware player 5.0.1 and kernel 3.7 will not complile

The solution was to add a symbolic link to version.h:

sudo ln -s /usr/src/linux-headers-3.7.0-7-generic/include/generated/uapi/linux/version.h /usr/src/linux-headers-3.7.0-7-generic/include/linux/version.h

then I run

sudo vmware-modconfig --console --install-all

Then it compiled


Regarding SegmentSmack and Fragmentsmack vulnerability Fix

I would full-upgrade your system, as the 4.2 kernel reached EOL on August 2016 (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/Support), and has not been supported since then by Canonical/Ubuntu. It was used by 14.04.4, and was replaced by kernel 4.4 when you upgraded to 14.04.5 (with HWE enabled; 3.13 is still supported if you didn't use/enable HWE).

Upgrade your system with

sudo apt dist-upgrade

or

sudo apt full-upgrade

and don't use an unsupported/EOL kernel.

As per your flaw - refer https://people.canonical.com/~ubuntu-security/cve/2018/CVE-2018-5390.html where you'll note it was fixed in the 3.13 & 4.4 kernels.


What should i do if i can't upgrade ubuntu?

Try performing these steps and if they report errors tell us about them by editing your question. (There might be no errors; this might just work to upgrade your system.)

Open a Terminal window (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run this command:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Press Alt+F2, type update-manager -d, and press Enter.
When the Update Manager comes up, click the Upgrade button.


Confusion between clamscan and clamdscan

clamdscan is configured in /etc/clamav/clamd.conf. It allows faster scan by using parallelization with --multiscan which is using more resources, of course.


Touchpad and mouse do not work in live boot - advised to use "nomodeset" but don't know how to do so

Booting with nomodeset
When booting press the Shift key, hit Esc to get out of language, Hit the F6 key, press Esc again. Now after --- type a space and nomodeset then hit Enter.
After installation, under System Settings, double-click Additional Drivers and Nvidia should be listed, try the latest one first.


Matching two files and keeping blocks that contain the match

Ok lets try this little script I conjured up:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -e

match1=/home/george/Documents/askubuntu/matchme/match1
match2=/home/george/Documents/askubuntu/matchme/match2

# Create the result file
touch results.txt

while read -r word
do
     if [[ "$word" = $(grep -o "$word" "$match1") ]]; then
             if [[ "$word" != $(grep -o "$word" "results.txt") ]]
             then
                     grep "$(grep "$word" "$match1" | grep -o "[[:digit:]]..$")" "$match1" >> "results.txt"
                     while read -r new
                     do
                             if [[ "$new" =~ $word ]]; then
                                     # Replace the words
                                     sed -i "s/$word/$new/" "results.txt"
                             fi
                     done < <(grep  -o "$word_.*\." "$match2" | sed -e 's/\.//')
                     # Add space between results
                     echo " " >> "results.txt"
             fi
     fi
done < <(cut -d"_" -f1 "$match2")

# Remove last blank line from the results file
sed -i '$ d' results.txt

Explanation:

match1: contains the filter source
match2: contains the filter criteria
set -e: stop script is error occurs
(grep  -o "$word_.*\." "$match2" | sed -e 's/\.//'): read the filter file and grab the names up to the pdb extension

Description of the command process:

Using cut command get the filter criteria from file match2 (1KBA,1A3L, ,1F94, 1A3U, 1A3V, 1A4H), then
Read from the cut command result and find matches in the sources file match1,
If a match is found grep for that block in the source file and send or print to a new file result.txt

NOTE:
Please modify names and other parameters to your taste.

RESULTS:

$cat results.txt
3LKB_BUNMU  Bungarus multicinctus   P01398  PDB; 1KBA_GAL; X-ray; 2.30 A; A/B=22-87.
                                        PDB; 2NBT; NMR; -; A/B=22-87.

3NOJ_BUNCA  Bungarus candidus   P81782  PDB; 1F94_; X-ray; 0.97 A; A=1-63.
                                    PDB; 1IJC; NMR; -; A=1-63.


In Unity, how to tell which window is the one I want when switching?

There is a bugreport on launchpad for that.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/unity/+bug/757814

I guess you can keep your eye on that post to see what is going on.


Chromium-browser libprotobuf ERROR when using PPAPI flash --> Segmentation fault

The issue was resolved by uninstalling and reinstalling the chromium-browser via Software Install.


Unity bugs with external monitor connected to Thinkpad T410 as a second display

A bug report has already been filed and apparently patched in Oneiric proposed for your first problem:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity/+bug/869196


Use a sudo to mount an external disk on remote device

sudo -S true mount /dev/sda1/ /media

true usually ignores any arguments passed to it, so the mount ... part is completely ignored. If you want to run the mount command, don't use true. Just do:

sudo -S mount /dev/sda1/ /media

Also look into:

How do I run specific sudo commands without a password?
How can I set up password-less SSH login?


i got this error message - "glusterd : unrecognized service"

You probably run other service, the service is named glusterfs-server

so the correct command to run is:

sudo service glusterfs-server start

If the output is

start: job is already running :glusterfs-server

This means the service is already running

you can restart it using the command

sudo service glusterfs-server restart

or to stop the service

sudo service glusterfs-server stop

The glusterfs service is just the  glusterfs-server in Ubuntu, the glusterfsd is not a service you can run it using the command sudo glusterfsd   glusterfsd [options] [mountpoint] check man glusterfsd for more information.

Please read this AND this for more information about glusterfs with Ubuntu


sudo apt autoremove

Will remove any old packages that were installed as a dependency of something else but no longer needed.  For example, if you install pkg1, and it pulls in another package named, let's say, dep1.  Then at a later date you uninstall pkg1, but for whatever reason dep1 is still installed.  If nothing else has identified dep1 as being something it needs, that means dep1 is just hanging out taking up space until you sudo apt autoremove it.  The command also removes old kernels that are no longer being used.  Don't worry, in my experience, it will always leave you one prior kernel version available as a fallback in case an upgrade to a new one goes awry.  I've never had an issue with autoremove breaking things because apt remembers which applications you manually installed and which ones were simply installed as a dependency of something else.

sudo apt autoclean

Will delete any downloaded package files that are no longer needed; i.e., the debs that were downloaded to install any software you installed from the repos.

Aside from that, you could always back up your files to an external drive and just do a clean install of 19.04, although that would mean setting up all your applications from scratch all over again.


You can generate random art of any file with this little C program made by nirejan:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define XLIM 17
#define YLIM 9
#define ARSZ (XLIM * YLIM)

#define DEBUG 0

static uint16_t array[ARSZ];

const char symbols[] = {
    ' ', '.', 'o', '+',
    '=', '*', 'B', 'O',
    'X', '@', '%', '&',
    '#', '/', '^', 'S', 'E'
};

void print_graph(void)
{
    uint8_t i;
    uint8_t j;
    uint16_t temp;

    printf("+--[ RandomArt ]--+\n");

    for (i = 0; i < YLIM; i++) {
        printf("|");
        for (j = 0; j < XLIM; j++) {
            temp = array[j + XLIM * i];
            printf("%c", symbols[temp]);
        }
        printf("|\n");
    }

    printf("+-----------------+\n");
}

static char string[256];

static int ishex (char c)
{
    if ((c >= '0' && c <= '9') ||
        (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') ||
        (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')) {
            return 1;
    }

    return 0;
}

/*
 * The hexval function expects a hexadecimal character in the range
 * [0-9], [A-F] or [a-f]. Passing any other character will result in
 * undefined behaviour. Make sure you validate the character first.
 */
static uint8_t hexval (char c)
{
    if (c <= '9') {
        return (c - '0');
    } else if (c <= 'F') {
        return (c - 'A' + 10);
    } else if (c <= 'f') {
        return (c - 'a' + 10);
    }

    return 0;
}

int convert_string(char *arg)
{
    uint16_t i;
    char c;

    i = 0;
    while (*arg && i < 255) {
        c = *arg;
        if (!ishex(c)) {
            printf("Unrecognized character '%c'\n", c);
            return 1;
        }
        arg++;

        string[i] = hexval(c) << 4;

        if (!*arg) {
            printf("Odd number of characters\n");
            return 1;
        }
        c = *arg;

        if (!ishex(c)) {
            printf("Unrecognized character '%c'\n", c);
            return 1;
        }
        arg++;

        string[i] |= hexval(c);
        i++;
    }

    // Add the terminating null byte
    string[i] = '\0';
    return 0;
}

uint8_t new_position(uint8_t *pos, uint8_t direction)
{
    uint8_t newpos;
    uint8_t upd = 1;
    int8_t x0;
    int8_t y0;
    int8_t x1;
    int8_t y1;

    x0 = *pos % XLIM;
    y0 = *pos / XLIM;

    #if DEBUG
    printf("At position (%2d, %2d)... ", x0, y0);
    #endif

    switch (direction) {
        case 0: // NW
            #if DEBUG
            printf("Moving NW... ");
            #endif
            x1 = x0 - 1;
            y1 = y0 - 1;
            break;
        case 1: // NE
            #if DEBUG
            printf("Moving NE... ");
            #endif
            x1 = x0 + 1;
            y1 = y0 - 1;
            break;
        case 2: // SW
            #if DEBUG
            printf("Moving SW... ");
            #endif
            x1 = x0 - 1;
            y1 = y0 + 1;
            break;
        case 3: // SE
            #if DEBUG
            printf("Moving SE... ");
            #endif
            x1 = x0 + 1;
            y1 = y0 + 1;
            break;
        default: // Should never happen
            #if DEBUG
            printf("INVALID DIRECTION %d!!!", direction);
            #endif
            x1 = x0;
            y1 = y0;
            break;
    }

    // Limit the range of x1 & y1
    if (x1 < 0) {
        x1 = 0;
    } else if (x1 >= XLIM) {
        x1 = XLIM - 1;
    }

    if (y1 < 0) {
        y1 = 0;
    } else if (y1 >= YLIM) {
        y1 = YLIM - 1;
    }

    newpos = y1 * XLIM + x1;
    #if DEBUG
    printf("New position (%2d, %2d)... ", x1, y1);
    #endif

    if (newpos == *pos) {
        #if DEBUG
        printf("NO CHANGE");
        #endif

        upd = 0;
    } else {
        *pos = newpos;
    }

    #if DEBUG
    printf("\n");
    #endif

    return upd;
}

void drunken_walk(void)
{
    uint8_t pos;
    uint8_t upd;
    uint16_t idx;
    uint8_t i;
    uint8_t temp;

    pos = 76;
    for (idx = 0; string[idx]; idx++) {
        temp = string[idx];

        #if DEBUG
        printf("Walking character index %d ('%02x')...\n", idx, temp);
        #endif

        for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            upd = new_position(&pos, temp & 3);
            if (upd) {
                array[pos]++;
            }
            temp >>= 2;
        }
    }

    array[pos] = 16; // End
    array[76] = 15; // Start
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    if (argc != 2) {
        printf("Usage: bishop <hex string>\n");
        return 1;
    }

    if (convert_string(argv[1])) {
        printf("String conversion failed!\n");
        return 1;
    }

    drunken_walk();
    print_graph();

    return 0;
}

To use it, follow these steps:

Put the source code in a file:

Open gedit or your favorite text editor.
Paste the above source code.
Save it as bishop.c.

Compile the code running gcc bishop.c -o bishop.
View the random art of any file (where myfile is the file):

./bishop $(sha512sum myfile | cut -f1 -d ' ')

Create a custom script to view the random art of any file:

Create the local binaries folder if doesn't exists:

sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/bin

Create a file on that folder with the script:

sudo touch /usr/local/bin/randomart

Give permissions to the file:

sudo chmod 777 /usr/local/bin/randomart

Run gedit /usr/local/bin/randomart to edit the file and paste this on it:

#!/bin/bash

bishop $(sha512sum "$@" | cut -f1 -d ' ')

Save the file.
Copy the program that we built on the previous step to the local binaries folder:

sudo cp bishop /usr/local/bin/

Give run permission to the binary:

sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/bishop

Use the newly-created program running randomart myfile where myfile is the file.


Not recognized as operating system on startup

Boot using a live cd of ubuntu.
Open a terminal and run the command

sudo fdisk -l

It lists the complete partition table of the hard disk. In there, identify which partition you have got your linux installed on. You can identify it using the drive size you had allocated for it and looking at the last column of the output which will be extended for all of your linux partitions. The partition will most probably be something like /dev/sda5 or something. Remember this partition.
Create a temporary folder in your home directory (Note: You can make the temporary folder anywhere you want. I’m using the home folder just for the sake of explanation). I’m calling it ‘temp’ for now. So that ‘temp’ folder’s path will be /home/ubuntu/temp.
Mount your linux partition there. That is, assuming that you found your linux partition to be /dev/sda5, you mount that at the ‘temp’ folder by doing the following command

sudo mount /dev/sda5 /home/ubuntu/temp

If you want to check whether you have mounted the correct partition, go to your home folder and open temp. You will be in the / directory. In there you will find home, in which your home folder’s name will be there. Once you’ve confirmed you have mounted the correct partition, do step 6.
You have to install grub by showing the system where to read the data from the hard disk at the beginning. Don’t worry, just run the following command

sudo grub-install –root-directory=/home/ubuntu/temp /dev/sda

The /dev/sda corresponds to your hard disk name. Replace it by whatever the command sudo fdisk -l command showed you.
You’re done. You may restart your system.

Do refer to this : http://sosaysharis.wordpress.com/2011/06/29/recovering-grub-after-installing-windows-using-ubuntu/ and let me know if it works.


Asleap hacking tool and ubuntu wifi folder

You may just have to make the folder and extract it there. Try that and good luck!

cd /tools
mkdir wifi
cd wifi


Installing Ubuntu on one of two hard drives

Put the boot loader (known as the GRUB) in the hard drive that you are installing Ubuntu on. If Windows is in /dev/sda put GRUB in the MBR of /dev/sdb. That is, do not put GRUB in /dev/sdb1 or another partition.

In the BIOS set to boot from the Ubuntu drive. This may boot straight to Ubuntu at first. If that happens open a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T and type sudo update-grub. From the next boot you should get the choice to boot Ubuntu or Windows.

See How do I set up multiple HDD?


Is there a way to increase upload speed in Ubuntu?

The internet is composed of a chain of computers between you and the host server that contains the file you are downloading. Your upload speed is the slowest of all these links. Some sites are always slow, and some sites just get slow during local peak hours.

Either find another site that's faster, or just be patient. Also, for many ISPs, the upload speed is much slower than download, as uploads are not done as often as downloads. When you buy an ISP connection, they advertise the faster, download speed, as that is what matters to most people. Call your ISP to see what your actual upload speed should be.


Can't get rid of Lubuntu's Login Greeter

Open up lightdm.conf:

gksudo gedit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf

You must have the following settings under [SeatDefaults]:

user-session=ubuntu
greeter-session=unity-greeter

Save and reboot.

UPDATE
Open your Terminal, Enter below command

sudo apt-get purge lightdm-gtk-greeter*
sudo apt-get purge lightdm
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:lightdm-gtk-greeter-team/stable
sudo apt-get update

Install lightdm

sudo apt-get install lightdm

Reconfigure lightdm and unity-greeter

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm unity-greeter


Answering my self as I found the problem :

it was indeed lvm which was causing this slow startup time : I had a snapshot snap-2017-05-09 which I had created before the upgrade in case something went wrong.
Since the upgrade is disk consuming, the snapshot diverged a lot (10 Gb of data written), there are performance issue when scanning the lvm at startup with systemd (here, related to linux-lvm mailling list).

I solved my issue by deleting the snapshot and thus startup when down to ~35 sec.


Cannot access nvidia-settings or use HDMI with Quadro 3000m

For posterity:

Apparently I missed the memo where Quadro is only just beginning to be supported under Ubuntu. I disabled the Optimus feature in BIOS and reinstalled, and it worked fine.


Is there a way to hide ubuntu dock and top bar using terminal?

This command can be used to hide the topbar
gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell --object-path /org/gnome/Shell --method org.gnome.Shell.Eval string:'Main.panel.actor.hide();'

to show it back
gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell --object-path /org/gnome/Shell --method org.gnome.Shell.Eval string:'Main.panel.actor.show();'

You can tweak the commands with a script to toggle show and hide.

For Ubuntu dock hiding - the below workaround is a bit overkill because we are disabling the whole extension.
gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell.Extensions --object-path /org/gnome/Shell/Extensions --method org.gnome.Shell.Extensions.DisableExtension ubuntu-dock@ubuntu.com

for enabling back
gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell.Extensions --object-path /org/gnome/Shell/Extensions --method org.gnome.Shell.Extensions.EnableExtension ubuntu-dock@ubuntu.com

You can tweak the commands with a script to toggle Enabling and Disabling
All together you can have a single keyboard shortcut that can toggle "Hiding the Topbar and disabling the Extension" "Showing the Topbar and Enabling the Extension"
you can create a script with below content..
#!/bin/bash

status1=`gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell --object-path /org/gnome/Shell --method org.gnome.Shell.Eval string:'Main.panel.actor.visible;'`
status2=`gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell.Extensions --object-path /org/gnome/Shell/Extensions --method org.gnome.Shell.Extensions.GetExtensionInfo ubuntu-dock@ubuntu.com | grep "'state': <2.0>" >/dev/null && echo "OFF" || echo "ON"`

if [ "$status1" == "(true, 'false')" ]; then
gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell --object-path /org/gnome/Shell --method org.gnome.Shell.Eval 'Main.panel.actor.show();'
else
gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell --object-path /org/gnome/Shell --method org.gnome.Shell.Eval 'Main.panel.actor.hide();'
fi

if [ "$status2" == "ON" ]; then
gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell.Extensions --object-path /org/gnome/Shell/Extensions --method org.gnome.Shell.Extensions.DisableExtension ubuntu-dock@ubuntu.com
else
gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell.Extensions --object-path /org/gnome/Shell/Extensions --method org.gnome.Shell.Extensions.EnableExtension ubuntu-dock@ubuntu.com
fi

Below GIF shows the result. However when gnome-shell refreshes/re-login/reboot etc will affect the persistence.


How can I change Dropbox's indicator applet icon?

The new version of dropbox V1.0 and higher comes with a support for new application indicator. I downloaded this .deb file which automatically installs monochrome indicator icons for dropbox. Even if you update dropbox, the monochrome icons still remain unchanged.

You can download it by adding the following PPA to the repository through the command line (terminal) by typing,

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tsbarnes/misc
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install monochrome-icons-extra

You can refer to this tutorial for more details.
Tutorial Link

If you do not want to go through the hassle of adding a PPA you can just download this .deb file,
Click here to download the deb file

However please note that you will not receive further updates if you download this deb file instead of adding the PPA.

Hope this helps.


How To Customize Ubuntu Bash to make it like Mint?

The file ~/.bashrc allows you to make the customizations you would like, among other things.

First open it with gedit ~/.bashrc

Now in order to have the multicolored prompt, find the line that looks like this:

#force_color_prompt=yes

Un-comment it (remove the #).

Now to get the ascii art and quote, you will need to install two packages:

sudo apt-get install cowsay fortune

Now in ~/.bashrc add a line with:

fortune | cowsay

Save the file, and restart your terminal (or resource the file with source ~/.bashrc).


Sounds like it might be a video driver issue. Can you login to the terminal and type

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-intel
sudo apt-get install mesa-utils

and see if that helps, if not we can try something else!


Possible Large Can of Worms With Ubuntu 16.04

/etc/resolv.conf lists the DNS servers to query when resolving domain names (typically a server) to their respective IP addresses.

For more information:

man resolv.conf

To create/edit this file (with root privileges):

vi /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx # IP of first DNS server to query

nameserver xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx # IP of second DNS server to query

Up to three DNS servers can be placed in this list

:wq! # write file and exit

NOTE: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx would typically be the DNS server addresses provided by your ISP.  Some prefer to use OpenDNS servers which are currently 208.67.222.222 and 208.67.220.220


Is there an iteractive firewall extension available for Ubuntu?

Would this help you? If not and you have the time, I could learn something from an explanation of why not.

I installed Gufw Firewall from http://gufw.org

From their Help Page:
The available options for rules are Allow, Deny, Reject, and Limit:

Allow: The system will allow entry traffic for a port.
Deny: The system will deny entry traffic to a port.
Reject: The system will deny entry traffic to a port and will inform the requesting for connection system that it has been rejected.
Limit: The system will deny connections if an IP address has attempted to initiate 6 or more connections in the last 30 seconds.


What does desktop_Comment_boilerplate mean?

By default the Ubuntu SDK provides the comment “My project description” in the .desktop file. Please provide a better description of your app, so users know what they’re looking at.


You can use vnc for gui access to server.

Install the VNC-server

apt-get install vnc4server

Please make sure that you are using only vnc-server & no other VNC-server are installed as this could give errors in future mostly that clipboard sharing between the host Ubuntu Server & vnc-client machine. You can check it as follows:

xxx@yyy ~ $ sudo dpkg -l | grep vnc
ii  vnc4server                                            4.1.1+xorg4.3.0-37ubuntu5                           amd64        Virtual network computing server software
xxx@yyy ~ $

Please uninstall if tightvnc or anything similar installed.
Adding VNC user

In my case I am using user=sssss it will differ in your case. You can use any username for the same.

adduser sssss

xxx@server1:~$ sudo adduser sssss
Adding user `sssss' ...
Adding new group `sssss' (1001) ...
Adding new group `sssss' (1001) ...
Adding new user `sssss' (1001) with group `sssss' ...
Creating home directory `/home/sssss' ...
Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...

Enter new UNIX password: <--yourpassword
Retype new UNIX password: <--yourpassword
passwd: password updated successfully
Changing the user information for sssss
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
    Full Name []: <--ENTER
    Room Number []: <--ENTER
    Work Phone []:<--ENTER
    Home Phone []:<--ENTER
    Other []:<--ENTER
Is the information correct? [Y/n]<--ENTER

Start the vncserver with the user, for this use:

su - srijan
vncserver

It will see:

sssss@server1:~$ vncserver

You will require a password to access your desktops.

Password:<--Put your VNC password
Verify:<--Put your VNC password
Password too long - only the first 8 characters will be used
xauth:  file /home/sssss/.Xauthority does not exist

New 'server1:1 (sssss)' desktop is server1:1

Creating default startup script /home/sssss/.vnc/xstartup
Starting applications specified in /home/sssss/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/sssss/.vnc/server1:1.log

sssss@server1:~$

Make backup of the original file & then make the configuration

cp ~/.vnc/xstartup ~/.vnc/xstartup.bak > ~/.vnc/xstartup
vi ~/.vnc/xstartup

#!/bin/sh
unset SESSION_MANAGER
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
startxfce4 &

[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup
[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
vncconfig -iconic &

Make the startup script for the vncserver

sudo vi /etc/init.d/vncserver

#!/bin/bash

unset VNCSERVERARGS
VNCSERVERS=""
[ -f /etc/vncserver/vncservers.conf ] && . /etc/vncserver/vncservers.conf
prog=$"VNC server"
start() {
 . /lib/lsb/init-functions
 REQ_USER=$2
 echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
 ulimit -S -c 0 >/dev/null 2>&1
 RETVAL=0
 for display in ${VNCSERVERS}
 do
 export USER="${display##*:}"
 if test -z "${REQ_USER}" -o "${REQ_USER}" == ${USER} ; then
 echo -n "${display} "
 unset BASH_ENV ENV
 DISP="${display%%:*}"
 export VNCUSERARGS="${VNCSERVERARGS[${DISP}]}"
 su ${USER} -c "cd ~${USER} && [ -f .vnc/passwd ] && vncserver :${DISP} ${VNCUSERARGS}"
 fi
 done
}
stop() {
 . /lib/lsb/init-functions
 REQ_USER=$2
 echo -n $"Shutting down VNCServer: "
 for display in ${VNCSERVERS}
 do
 export USER="${display##*:}"
 if test -z "${REQ_USER}" -o "${REQ_USER}" == ${USER} ; then
 echo -n "${display} "
 unset BASH_ENV ENV
 export USER="${display##*:}"
 su ${USER} -c "vncserver -kill :${display%%:*}" >/dev/null 2>&1
 fi
 done
 echo -e "\n"
 echo "VNCServer Stopped"
}
case "$1" in
start)
start $@
;;
stop)
stop $@
;;
restart|reload)
stop $@
sleep 3
start $@
;;
condrestart)
if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/vncserver ]; then
stop $@
sleep 3
start $@
fi
;;
status)
status Xvnc
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart|status}"
exit 1
esac

Make it executable:

chmod +x /etc/init.d/vncserver

Make the configuration file for the vncserver  by creating file as follows:

mkdir -p /etc/vncserver
vi /etc/vncserver/vncservers.conf

Give the entries like this.

VNCSERVERS="1:sssss"
VNCSERVERARGS[1]="-geometry 1024x768"

Add it into boot startups:

update-rc.d vncserver defaults 99

xxx@server1:~$ sudo update-rc.d vncserver defaults 99
 Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/vncserver ...
   /etc/rc0.d/K99vncserver -> ../init.d/vncserver
   /etc/rc1.d/K99vncserver -> ../init.d/vncserver
   /etc/rc6.d/K99vncserver -> ../init.d/vncserver
   /etc/rc2.d/S99vncserver -> ../init.d/vncserver
   /etc/rc3.d/S99vncserver -> ../init.d/vncserver
   /etc/rc4.d/S99vncserver -> ../init.d/vncserver
   /etc/rc5.d/S99vncserver -> ../init.d/vncserver
xxx@server1:~$

Reboot the machine.

To access server you can user any vnc client app, list is here


Editing system-connections/Hotspot file gives authorisation error while connecting Ubuntu Hotspot

Try setting these specific parameters:

[wifi-security]
group=ccmp;
key-mgmt=wpa-psk
pairwise=ccmp;
proto=rsn;
psk=YOUR_WIFI_AP_PASSWORD

If you still get errors try viewing the log output to see what is failing:

sudo journalctl -u NetworkManager.service


You'll have to distinguish which files in /usr/local/bin are actually binary files meant to stay there and which are temporary files moved accidentally with mv, anyway /tmp is used by applications to temporary store files which are to be deleted in any case upon the next reboot, so as long as you're not concerned with the applications running in the current session possibly crashing/losing data, the worst case scenario is you might have a handful of unuseful temporary files in /usr/local/bin, but still, such directory is always empty upon Ubuntu installation, so it might even have been still empty/almost empty before the mv unless some application installed some binary in there, plus temporary files should be easy distinguishable from binaries, in the end you should be able to easily restore everything back to normal manually moving the temporary files back to /tmp


Why is Ubuntu 14.04 running slow on my Asus Zenbook UX302 LG? + brightness issue

press your windows key and type drivers then click on the additional drivers icon and let it search for a while.
once its loaded, see if you're using the nouveau display drivers or nvidia ones.
You should make it use the nvidia binary driver, and logout, sign in again.

see if this changes anything.


How to fix invisible form fields in Firefox while using Adwaita Dark Theme (or any other dark theme)

I used the procedure stated in this website.

  Open about:config in the address bar
  Create a new string type preference (right mouse button > New > String) named widget.content.gtk-theme-override
  Set the value to the light theme to use for rendering purposes (e.g. Adwaita)
  Restart Firefox

This forced Firefox to use the light theme instead of the dark one in webpages. I think it might work on some other themes that have this issue while using the dark variant.


Failing during "Creating service project" when running sudo microstack.init --auto

I hated trying to find a solution to this problem. I got the error also. Would you believe all it took was 1 piece of code.
sudo systemctl restart snap.microstack.*

Should do it. Hope this helps. I'm guessing you turned off your pc after you did the initial Init. Basically the service stops after you do this and you need to restart it.


Script for conversion audio files to mp3 recursively in another folder with same names of sub folders

The first thing I see is that the script is failing when the parent directory is just ./. Try this:

SAVEIFS=$IFS
IFS=$'\n'
find ./ -type f \( -name '*.wav' -o -name '*.amr' \) -print | while read i
do
    D=$(dirname "$i")

    if [[ ! -d "./MP3/${D}" ]]
    then
        mkdir -p "./MP3/${D}"
    fi

    O="./MP3/${i%.*}.mp3"

    # ffmpeg -i "$i" -f mp2 "${O}"
    ffmpeg -i - -f mp2 "${O}" <"${i}"

    echo "'$i'" "'${O}'" >>list
done
IFS=$SAVEIFS


Is there any mp3 player which has "Add to Playlist" Option?

The obvious answer seems currently to be banshee as it is the default player.
It has "Add to Play Queue" and "Play After" in the right-click menu and you can use drag-n-drop for the play queue and playlists as well.


I solved the problem myself when I found a line in dmesg which says

Warning: nss-myhostname is not installed

I installed nss-myhostname and it fixed my problem. Maybe this fixed the problem because I am always using ssh sessions and the problem used to happen when I was in an active connection.


How can I pass multiple properties to the PulseAudio module parameter source_output_properties?

By educated guessing based on the source code, I found the following two working ways of passing multiple properties:

pactl load-module module-loopback source_output_properties="'foo=\"bar\" baz=\"gloink\"'"
pactl load-module module-loopback source_output_properties='foo="bar"baz="gloink"'

Apparently PulseAudio is applying its own quote parsing, which interacts in a broken way with the shell's quote parsing.

Another way around this problem suitable for shell scripts is using pacmd instead:

pacmd <<EOF
load-module module-loopback source_output_properties='foo="bar" baz="gloink"'
EOF

This way we can avoid the shell's quote parsing to restore some sanity.

None of this seems to be doucmented anywhere, so I filed a bug.


lxd host shows high memory usage not equal to the sum of lxc guest usage

The free command is not appropriate to check the memory consumption. There is an added detail that depending on the version of lxcfs that is part of your LXD package, some aspects of memory may or may not be abstracted from the containers. See the available versions of lxcfs and their features.
I suggest to use instead systemd-cgtop or any of the other *top utilities that have support for cgroups.


Boot-up and Installation issues on my new Lenovo S20-30 Laptop

There is a detailed tutorial on installing Ubuntu alongside Windows in Lenovo S20-30. You can refer this link to get your USB booted.

To completely remove windows and install Ubuntu, refer to this or this thread and have a look at the Official documentation on UEFI firmware. After you have understood what you have to do, then boot from live cd/USB and select Use the Entire Disk option to install Ubuntu over windows.


Ralink driver installed but still no wfi

I own an HP650 which came with preinstalled SUSE Linux Enterprise Novell.

The wireless card on this laptop is the Ralink 539a. The driver/module for this wlan card loaded by the kernel is the rt2800pci. The problem ofcourse is that by default they do not work or if they work its unstable and practicly unusable. After reading many threads and following a lot of different lines to build the 2011_1007_RT5390_RT5392_Linux_STA_V2.5.0.3_DPO the result was never successful failing either at the build with >make returning an error for Antenna being changed to y for yes or the driver not starting the wlan0 interface if the Antenna switch remains n for off.

Later I found a bug report and exchange specificly for the Ralink 539a where the solution to the problem was finallzy found. Essentially 1. Download latest Compat-Wireless drivers from http://linuxwireless.org/en/users/Download/stable/#compat-wireless_3.6_stable_releases 2. Unpack to a directory 3. cd to directory 4. sudo make 5. sudo make install 6 reboot your computer 7. make sure the wireless card light/led is on by using the wireless on/off button....

That did it for me. A note I also read is that any time the kernel or drivers are updated the old rt2800pci driver/module gets unpacked and thus the wireless gets back to not working .... So the same procedure of make and make install to overwrite with the compat.wireless drivers that work is to be done...

Good luck


complete list of wowza ModuleBase events?

I posted same question on wowza forum the answer I have received is:

  Please refer to the [install-dir]/documentation/WowzaStreamingEngine_ServerSideAPI.pdf

this somehow answered my question, so after a research in documentation I have found all needed information, but I had to dig in all pdf documents and html help present in that folder

http://www.wowza.com/forums/showthread.php?38670-all-events-supported-by-ModuleBase&p=143807#post143807