minikube start error: could not find capabilities for domaintype=kvm

As the output of dmesg suggested, the solution is to enable visualization in BIOS.

1, Power on PC and open the BIOS.

2, Go to security section and enable visualization.

(This may differ for different machines.)


The Snapcraft documented for beta and edge channels as:

beta: for users wanting to test the latest features, typically outside of a production environment.
Beta is the first level towards the stabilisation of what was before a fast moving stream of changes. Specific projects may have slightly different terminology for such releases (alpha, beta, etc) but all of these are welcome on this risk level. These releases will almost certainly have passed some sort of review and QA, but may still have unfinished parts. Breaking changes are still relatively common here.

edge: for users wanting to closely track development.
Edge releases often include a moving stream of changes without QA or review promises and are typically built automatically by a CI process from an arbitrary source code snapshot. Often the CI will only publish after some sort of automatic QA passed, and code reviews remain a good practice, but these are project specific. Assume edge releases may break often.

So edge is similar to what many projects (Firefox, for example) call nightly builds.


HP Pavilion 15-e043CL AMD - Wifi not working

Per Braiam's suggestion, I'm providing the answer to my earlier question.

After much search on the internet, I figured out that the Wifi adapter is a RealTek RTL8188EE 802.11 bgn adapter. With that information, I started to Google around to figure out if a driver/solution existed.

I ended up installing Ubuntu 12.04TLS (from ubuntu-12.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso) on the hard drive instead of running from the DVD.  Then I followed the steps from this forum  that talked about the drivers for RTL8188EE device.  Please read the very well documented steps.

The drivers were easy to install. The WiFi of HP Pavilion 15 - e043CD is now working.  My kids are now happy!


The answer, you don't. You will need to set a password in order to authenticate to do anything requiring authentication.

Unfortunately after the password has been removed you cannot even change your password as you must be able to authenticate in order to change your password in the settings / user account screen.

The fix:

Change your password using Terminal.

Click the windows key or click the dash button to go to the dashboard. In the search box type term and click on the program called terminal.
Type who am i and press enter to verify you are logged in as the user that you want to change.
Type passwd and press enter. It will then ask you what password you want to change it to. Enter your new password and press enter. Then it will ask you to enter your password again to verify. Enter your password again and then press enter. Your password will now be set and you will now be able to authenticate again by using your new password.


1st: Open Terminal and run sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates

2nd: Then run: sudo apt-get purge nvidia* (to remove any unneeded nvidia packages that could interfere with the setup)

3rd: After that in the terminal type:

sudo apt-get update

then

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

4th: After it downloads the latest drivers and installs them, go to your Update Manager, refresh updates and get any Ubuntu-X team updates(then run sudo nvidia-xconfig), then restart.
If followed correctly your NVIDIA drivers should work perfectly.


How to create an image of an entire remote system for using on other (virtual) remote machines?

Yes, you can.

Make sure the /etc/fstab is still correct, based on where you put partitions and what types they are. Make sure you run mkswap on any swap partition. If UUIDs are used, then you'll need to update these. The blkid command will give you the UUIDs of all the new partitions. If labels are used, then use the e2label command (or equivalent command for your filesystem) to make sure that the labels match.
Skip these, and make sure you create empty ones at the other end: /run (/var/run on older releases), /proc, /sys, /dev. Check /proc/mounts on the old (running) system for others (there are fewer on newer releases).
Update /etc/hostname and /etc/hosts (which also contains the hostname).
Check /etc/udev/rules.d/ for a 70-persistent-net.rules or similarly named file that contains any NIC MAC addresses. These are usually skipped for virtual machines though, and the only harm would be that you end up with an eth1 device instead of the usual eth0.
As you've mentioned, you should check /etc/network/interfaces for correctness, especially with respect to ethernet device names.
Re-run the bootloader installation. This is the awkward bit. It depends on how your VPS provider boots your instance. It's worth having a plan for this before you begin.


dist-upgrade to natty set gnome theme to old gtk look

Logging out and in again did it for this time...


try running the following commands:

cd ~/
mkdir aptget;cd aptget
wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux/linux-image-3.13.0-63-generic_3.13.0-63.103_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux-image-3.13.0-63-generic_3.13.0-63.103_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
cd ..
rm -R aptget

if it still complains, run the  following:

sudo apt-get -f install


"Not a paid data plan"? Whaaaat?

That one is simple: if the connection IS a paid data plan you would run out of Mbs pretty quickly. Whoopsie will NOT connect if you told the system not to use that connection if you pay for every Mb.

"connected_site" versus "connected_global"???

There are 3 states:

state-connected-global Indication that NetworkManager is connected to Internet.

state-connected-local Indication that NetworkManager is connected to a local network.

state-connected-site Indication that NetworkManager is connected to networks other than Internet.

Why is my NIC (eno1) timing out?

That can be a lot of things: your ISP, your router. A broken NIC or not fully supported driver. But it could also be ANOTHER network that picked up your connection and that would then match your logs: that would be a state-connected-site. Worth investigating if that is the case: so have a closer look to for instance ip link show when this happens.


Re-installing aptdaemon seems to have solved the problem:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall aptdaemon


Error Updating Ubuntu 14.04 on new Install

The answer is given in the error-report you posted.

Simply run: sudo mkdir -p /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gdk-pixbuf-2.0/2.10.0 to make sure the folder is created.

Afterwards run sudo gdk-pixbuf-query-loaders > /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gdk-pixbuf-2.0/2.10.0/loaders.cache as mentioned in your question.

Now reissue your upgrade.

Yet this warning is of no bigger concern as it only relates to the gtk-icon-cache.


How should I configure TRIM Support for LVM logical volumes?

For googlers - the issue_discards option is not needed for getting TRIM working when we speak about deleting files. The only effect is has is when you actually modify your LVM (e.g. shrinking or removing logical volumes). But regular users usually do not do this at all.

This setting is recommended for those who are for example provisioning virtual machines on LVM volume groups and delete them often. Otherwise you do not need that. For more info go to lvm.conf man page. This is from RHEL 6.2 LVM Administration Guide:

  The Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.2 release supports the issue_discards
  parameter in the lvm.conf configuration file. When this parameter is
  set, LVM will issue discards to a logical volume's underlying physical
  volumes when the logical volume is no longer using the space on the
  physical volumes. For information on this parameter, refer to the
  inline documentation for the /etc/lvm/lvm.conf file, which is also
  documented in Appendix B, The LVM Configuration Files.

https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Logical_Volume_Manager_Administration/LVM_overview.html

I wrote a blog about this: http://lukas.zapletalovi.com/2013/11/how-to-trim-your-ssd-in-fedora-19.html


Is removeable media always mounted to the same path

Yes. It uses the label name for the partition, or the partition's unique ID if no label exists, for the mounted directory. So it will generally always be mounted in the same directory, unless you attempt to mount multiple devices simultaneously which all have the same label.

If you try to mount multiple partitions with the same label, then the first one should get the label for the directory, and additional mounts will be on different paths with modified names.


dpkg: error processing package usb-modeswitch-data (--configure): package is in a very bad inconsistent state;

Absolute worse case hack, if necessary will do it,  delete the files manually and edit the /var/lib/dpkg/status to remove its reference to it as being installed. The files you need to delete below, then the reference in the file.
zeus@buster-raspi:~$ apt-file list usb-modeswitch-data
usb-modeswitch-data: /lib/udev/rules.d/40-usb_modeswitch.rules
usb-modeswitch-data: /usr/share/bug/usb-modeswitch-data/presubj
usb-modeswitch-data: /usr/share/doc/usb-modeswitch-data/NEWS.Debian.gz
usb-modeswitch-data: /usr/share/doc/usb-modeswitch-data/README.Debian
usb-modeswitch-data: /usr/share/doc/usb-modeswitch-data/README.gz
usb-modeswitch-data: /usr/share/doc/usb-modeswitch-data/changelog.Debian.gz
usb-modeswitch-data: /usr/share/doc/usb-modeswitch-data/changelog.gz
usb-modeswitch-data: /usr/share/doc/usb-modeswitch-data/copyright
usb-modeswitch-data: /usr/share/lintian/overrides/usb-modeswitch-data
usb-modeswitch-data: /usr/share/usb_modeswitch/configPack.tar.gz


How to show day/month number of events in datetime indicator?

Are you using gnome shell or unity ?

in unity it's an option to enable from the applet settings.
in gnome 3 shell I was not able to do it.

Otherwise in system setting, "date and time"... or change the applet.


I'm ubuntu newbie, need help. on Dell 5537

Welcome to Ubuntu family.

The answer to the first question, by default you have only one big partition installed (with a small swap partition which acts as a RAM supplement and a small /boot partition where the bootloader is present). I would personally suggest all your files to be put in your default folders because that would help search things faster and make the experience better. But, if you want a separate partition, refer to excerpts from this guide I have made sometime ago. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4FvxI6SUvM
There is no GUI based device manager alternative in Ubuntu because it is not needed. However, if you want to check whether you have all the drivers installed, just hit the super (windows) key and search for "additional drivers". It should scan for any drivers that are not installed during the installation process.
Unfortunately, we lack in terms of introduction videos. I am currently trying to solve this problem. You can look at this video I have made which can give you a rudimentary idea of how to use Ubuntu. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R5vU8Gz9UjA


Primusrun doesn't seem to use my NVidia card

I've had the same problem. "primusrun" says on console, that it's using my Intel card in place of NVidia. "optirun" is ok.
Have done some research and it seems normally "primusrun" has limit to 60 fps, because most of LCD displays doesn't show more. But if you add and execute "vblank_mode=0 primusrun " you disable this limit (for example for benchmark purposes).

But... the problem that "primusrun" runs on Intel card remains, so I must execute "vblank_mode=0 optirun -b primus ", and then all is working fine.

For normal use, just execute "optirun -b primus " (without "vblank_mode=0"), because you won't see difference and save some computer resources (and power) :)

Btw. I use newest available on PPA bumblebee/primus version.


.srt files are .txt files with an .srt extension, so you can open an .srt file in Gedit Text Editor and and easily delete a text string like <i> or </i> using Search -> Replace (which opens a new Replace window) -> Replace All.

You can also replace text strings in the Gnome Subtitiles application, however Search -> Replace in Gnome Subtitles does not recognize embedded HTML tags. Instead Gnome Subtitles functions like a word processor and allows you to format text in italics without showing its HTML tags.


Clementine not playing files with certain characters in the name

As I tought, the problem is indeed caused by special characters in the file name or the path. Changing this will solves the problem.

A better solution would of course be to make clementine read the special characters correctly, but I haven't found out how to do this yet, maybe it's a bug.

edit:
I might be this bug.

edit2:
On second tought, I think it isn't, as Ubuntu uses UFT-8 (if I'm not mistaking, I have little knowledge about this stuff)


Download compizconfig.

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Then open it, go to Workarounds and check Force full screen redraws (buffer swap) on repaint.


Ubuntu 14.04 "No Bluetooth adapters found" with 0cf3:3004 USB device

The problem was solved unistalling and reinstalling blueman


Installing Ubuntu 14.04 alongside Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows

Just use the whole 100 GB for Ubuntu 14.04.

You do not need additional swap areas, because both versions will recognize the swap partition automatically (during installation) and use it.

I'm not sure how it works when you suspend on (because it suspends into swap) and boot the other one. If you automatically boot the suspenden one, don't worry.


Virtualbox DNS stopped working on upgrade to 12.10

In addition to VBoxManage modifyvm "name" --natdnsproxy1 on, I also had to run VBoxManage modifyvm "name" --natdnshostresolver1 on on each of my VMs to get DNS working.  I found that tip on this page.


unable to install HP Deskjet 2540 drivers

Install hplip and hplip-data if they are not already installed.  This should give you what you need.


How to enable headphones on Lenovo Thinkpad Edge E430?

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SoundTroubleshootingProcedure

You can aslo execute this command and reboot:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-audio-dev/ppa; sudo apt-get update;sudo apt-get dist-upgrade; sudo apt-get install linux-sound-base alsa-base alsa-utils gdm ubuntu-desktop  linux-image-`uname -r` libasound2; sudo apt-get -y --reinstall install linux-sound-base alsa-base alsa-utils gdm ubuntu-desktop  linux-image-`uname -r` libasound2; killall pulseaudio; rm -r ~/.pulse*; sudo usermod -aG `cat /etc/group | grep -e '^pulse:' -e '^audio:' -e '^pulse-access:' -e '^pulse-rt:' -e '^video:' | awk -F: '{print $1}' | tr '\n' ',' | sed 's:,$::g'` `whoami`

The command will work even it will produce many errors

Another Solution you can try the following:

Open the terminal and edit the alsa-base.conf file with this command:

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf
At the end of the file, add this line:

options snd-hda-intel model=eapd probe_mask=1 position_fix=1
Press Ctrl+Q and save your file, then reboot your system so that new changes take effect.

Audio will now be restored to your Headphones.

Good luck!


Good job for checking in here for a sanity check before just installing.  You shouldn't need a ton of servers for the minimum setup--I've put nearly everything on just three servers before:  1) MaaS plus juju, 2) all charms except nova-compute, 3) nova-compute.  And you then can scale out nova-compute onto more servers if you'd like.

Given that you might be doing this over and over and over again I would recommend not adding anything in the way of charms to your MaaS controller.  In fact, I'm not sure if you could if you wanted to.  MaaS will enlist other servers and apply an image to them.  With a single checkbox somewhere in the setup it will even erase the entire hard drive so it would be a bad idea to try to enlist the MaaS server itself.

What's important to note in the way of documentation is that you'll find the OpenStack documentation not only on www.Ubuntu.com but also on help.ubuntu.com, OpenStack.org and jujucharms.com.

Starting from this jujucharms URL, I was able to download their bundle.yaml file and edit it for my own needs.  Theirs assumes a four-server install (which will save you a couple of servers from the version you're trying to use).  Additionally, this approach uses the "juju quickstart..." syntax instead of the "juju bootstrap..." plus "juju deploy..." collective syntax.  Things will happen a lot faster and simpler, in other words.

The upside to juju quickstart is that everything seems to work better.  The downside to juju quickstart is that you don't run each command individually so you know a little less about what's going on.

If you don't want to use a charms bundle for OpenStack itself and like the idea of juju bootstrap, then check out this Ubuntu help page especially at Appendix I for an economic deployment.  But be careful about what version of OpenStack that you pull.  By default you might not get Kilo like you would using the bundle approach above.


end_request: I/O error on external drive

You may want to check the SMART disk status and run the long self test with the disk utility.  That should tell you if you need to replace the drive.


How can I build vim with a gui without gtk?

If you built vim against Qt rather than GTK+ and python-complete still isn't working, that suggests the problem isn't actually a consequence of trying to link to both GTK+2 and GTK+3.

However, since you haven't yet provided any details about how you built with Qt (Qt isn't officially supported, so you must have used a third party derivative of vim), and you haven't provided any detailed information about what error messages or malfunctions you're having with python-complete, it's not really possible to tell you how to fix the problem and get vim working with Qt.

Fortunately, vim officially supports some GUI's other than GTK+ and Qt, and one such build is officially packaged for Ubuntu.

Just install the Athena version of vim, which is provided by the vim-athena  package.

You can install by clicking the package link above, or searching for it in the Software Center or Synaptic Package Manager, or running these commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install vim-athena

vim-athena doesn't depend on or use any version of GTK+. If you use sudo apt-get build-dep vim-athena, it probably will install GTK+ and GNOME related libraries, because the vim-athena binary package is built from the same source package as vim and other vim-providing packages. In any case, you shouldn't need to build from source, as the binaries provided by vim-athena are already built against Athena and not against GTK+ or other graphical toolkits.


Why won't Unity include these simple features?

Question 1
Mark Shuttleworth answered a question on this topic on this very site:

No, the size and position of the Unity launcher are fixed. In future, they should respond to information we can discern on your preferred font sizes and screen size/resolution, but that's for a future date.

It's unclear whether it will at a point in the future be possible to change the size of the launcher manually.
Question 2
This feature request was reported as a bug recently, but the request was declined.
Mark Shuttleworth answered:

I'm afraid that won't work with our broader design goals, so we won't implement that. We want the launcher always close to the Ubuntu button.

See also: OMG Ubuntu - Ubuntu Unity launcher won’t be ‘moveable’
Sidenote
The Canonical Design Blog talks about why the Unity Launcher is not considered to be a Dock. One reason for this is the 'accordion' effect for large numbers of launchers - in a convential dock the launchers would just get smaller and smaller.


Lets address this piece by piece.

Looks like a "bug" of sorts in launchy itself. - https://github.com/copiousfreetime/launchy/issues/40
Are you running your tests via guard, and having that trigger launchy? If so, then please post your guardfile, it's possible to do some tricks with it.


How can I programmatically get the PID of the active GNOME Terminal instance?

I've written  two recursive functions that trace parents of a process

get_parent()
{
 ps --no-headers -p $1 -o ppid,cmd
}

process_list()
{
  if [ "$1" -ne "1"  ]; then
   PARENT="$(get_parent $1 )"
   printf "%s\n" "$PARENT"
   process_list $( printf "%s" "$PARENT" | awk '{print $1}'  )
  fi
}

print_header()
{
  printf "PPID\tPROCESS\n"
  for i in $(seq 1 20 )
  do
     printf "-"
  done
  printf "\n"
}
print_header
process_list $$

What I've found in the process is this:

$ bash get_process_list
PPID    PROCESS
--------------------
31264 bash get_process_list
31251 mksh
16696 gnome-terminal
15565 /bin/mksh
 2164 x-terminal-emulator
 1677 init --user
 1342 lightdm --session-child 12 19
    1 lightdm

So we could use the two functions and grep the gnome-terminal, assuming that's what the user wants. If the user wants any terminal emulator, that may be problematic because aside from checking lsof for a pts device open, there's no way to tell whether or not the process is a terminal emulator.

Aside from that , there is something very interesting as well:

$ bash get_process_list
PPID    PROCESS
--------------------
32360 bash get_process_list
23728 -mksh
 2164 tmux
 1677 init --user
 1342 lightdm --session-child 12 19
    1 lightdm

tmux apparently forks itself and the process gets picked up by init , so again there's the obstacle.

Using Unity's Ayatana

The code bellow uses qdbus and Ayatana's dbus interface to list all gnome-terminal windows and whether they are focused at the moment or not. This can be later parsed or edited to output only active/focused window PID

Sample run:

$ bash get_gt_pd.sh
XID:33554486    PID:20163   ACTIVE:true
XID:33554444    PID:20163   ACTIVE:false

And the code itself

get_gt_xid()
{ # Prints XID of each gnome-terminal window
 qdbus --literal org.ayatana.bamf \
      /org/ayatana/bamf/matcher \
     org.ayatana.bamf.matcher.XidsForApplication \
    /usr/share/applications/gnome-terminal.desktop
}

for window in  $(get_gt_xid | awk -F'{' '{ gsub(/\,|}|]/," ");print $2  }' )
do
  PID=$(qdbus org.ayatana.bamf /org/ayatana/bamf/window/"$window"\
        org.ayatana.bamf.window.GetPid)
  ACTIVE=$( qdbus org.ayatana.bamf /org/ayatana/bamf/window/"$window"\
            org.ayatana.bamf.view.IsActive  )
  printf "XID:%s\tPID:%s\tACTIVE:%s\n" "$window" "$PID" "$ACTIVE"
done


IBus Avro is not working on Ubuntu 18.04

You may have run into a bug, which now has been fixed.

Avro Phonetic has recently been made available to Ubuntu users via an official package, which includes that bugfix.

To install it:

sudo apt install ibus-avro


Remove swipe to unlock curtain shield from Ubuntu 19.04 with GNOME Shell

On Ubuntu 19.04 with GNOME Shell, I found only one working GNOME Shell extension:
https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/2245/remove-shield/

Note: it does glitch slightly when waking up the screen: the shield briefly appears.


Execute systemctl hibernate without password challenge

The easiest way would be to add the proper entry to sudo:

username        ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: /bin/systemctl hibernate


Is there an IRC client for Ubuntu with inline media?

The Lounge will let you do that through its link prefetching mechanism. For the record, link previews currently look like this:

This screenshot is part of the whole app, which looks like this:

FYI, the author from Subway (mentioned in the other answer) now recommends to use The Lounge.


You should put the symlink in a directory which is included in PATH. As an example you could do:

sudo ln -s /script/myTestJscript/index.js /usr/local/bin/mytestscript


Terminator is not working on Ubuntu 14.04, says I need to "install the python bindings"

From the Terminator deb package:

Depends: python (>= 2.5), python-support (>= 0.90.0), python-vte, python-**gobject**, python-**gtk2** (>= 2.14.0), gconf2, libgtk2.0-bin, hicolor-icon-theme

So you shouldn't be able to install it without dependancies, unless you a) overrode the dependancies, or b) your system is broken. Try the following:

$ python
Python 2.7.6 (default, Jun 22 2015, 18:00:18)
[GCC 4.8.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import gobject
>>> import gtk
>>> import pango
>>>

This will tell us what is missing, because one of those should fail for you. Then we can figure out why it is missing, and how to install it.


I think your problem is solved following this answer. I follow this, and the notification was disabled.


Access command line with Ctrl+Alt+T or Ctrl+Alt+F1

You can also set up Ubuntu to boot to the command line instead of GUI.

From a terminal edit /etc/default/grub

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

change the line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="text"

Save the file, then run:

sudo update-grub

Next time you boot it will stay in text (command line) mode instead of starting the GUI. If you want to start the GUI from the command line, use the command "startx".


As you can see that repository has no packages for precice:

http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubun-tor/ppa/ubuntu/dists/

You can safetly remove it.


Nouveau driver module has to be disabled first. Add

blacklist nouveau

to /etc/modprobe.d/backlist.conf, run

update-initramfs -u

and then reboot the machine.

X server should also be stopped before you start the installation:

sudo service lightdm stop


Configuring Lubuntu 18.10's - lxqt-rc.xml file

The “Windows” (W) key bindings in lxqt-rc.xml don’t work because the Windows (Super-L) key is bound to ‘Show Main Menu’ in the Global Actions Manager (i.e. the Shortcuts section of LXQt Settings). The rectify this, modify this binding so that e.g. Shift+Ctrl+M is bound to Show Main Menu.


The Ubuntu community wiki has a page detailing how to install Ubuntu on a (U)EFI machine:
UEFI - Community Ubuntu Documentation
As far as your Secure Boot issue is concerned, check your SETUP feature in the UEFI. Ubuntu 13.04 should support Secure Boot, but at its current stage, there may be bugs. If Ubuntu doesn't boot with Secure Boot, you may wish to file a bug against a package called shim. However, Ubuntu 13.04 should work if you at most disable UEFI mode altogether (and use legacy mode instead). However, you must install with UEFI mode enabled if Ubuntu is going to be installed alongside an operating system that requires UEFI to be enabled or is installed in UEFI mode (such as Windows 8 pre-installed machines).


Log out
Click on menu in display manager (a small star near username at login screen)
Select XFCE
Login
Enjoy


youtube-dl
Installation from official site:
sudo curl -L https://yt-dl.org/downloads/latest/youtube-dl -o /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl

It's also on Ubuntu repos but you will often need to keep it up-to-date with sudo youtube-dl -U
Installation and ugrade from pip (/):
sudo -H pip install --upgrade youtube-dl

Usage:
youtube-dl YouTube-(or-other-website)-video-link
So it will download the video.
You can also take a look at this for very in-depth documentation on how to use it.


Most themes will have a unity.css or something similar somewhere in gtk3/ folder.

Open that and look for Panel styles. You can easily change bg and fg colors there.

A sample from Zukitwo Gtk3 theme:

UnityPanelWidget,
.unity-panel {
        background-image: -gtk-gradient (linear, left top, left bottom,
            from (shade (@dark_bg_color, 1.5)),
            to (shade (@dark_bg_color, 1.04)));
        border-top-color: shade (@dark_bg_color, 1.6);
        border-style: solid;
        border-width: 1 0 0 0;

        -unico-border-gradient: none;
 }

 .unity-panel.menubar
 .unity-panel .menubar {
          color: #fff;
 }


How to add music to an iPod Nano 4th Generation?

You may use gtkpod, altough it is said to crash under ubuntu 12.04 so it may crash also under 14.04.
You can find it in the software center.

Maybe the latest release has solved the bugs related to ubuntu 12.04; it's findable here:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/gtkpod/files/


How do I Install appimage and .run files system wide (similar to on Manjaro)?

Basically, you have to put the binary file into a location that everyone can see.  Assuming that you have already marked the file as executable, you could put the file into /usr/local/bin with a command like
sudo cp <path to appimage file> /usr/local/bin/
The .run files are a little harder, as you will have to determine what they are doing, before you can make them available system wide.  This can vary from file to file.


How to use a 4G phone to provide WAN/Internet service to a LAN?

I got it working. Here are the steps I used. I have a Kubuntu laptop with one ethernet port and several usb ports. I have a 4G Android phone with a tethering plan.

First, to access KDE's network manager in Kubuntu click the tray icon that looks like a connection and then click "Manage Connections..."

Using KDE's network manager in Kubuntu I edited the standard network connection called auto_eth0 and restricted it to interface eth0. That makes sense from the nomeclature perspective. (While you can probably skip this step, without it the default connection settings mean that the usb0 connection is made through the connection named auto_eth0, creating a source of confusion.)
Still using KDE's network manager in Kubuntu I created a new network connection named tethered_usb0. I restricted it to interface usb0. I enable DHCP client mode. All other settings are default.
I connected a usb cable between my phone and my laptop. I enabled usb tethering on my phone in the Android settings under "Tethering and networks". If Kubuntu doesn't automatically get an Internet connection, open the network manager tray icon and click on the connection named tethered_usb0. It will connect. I now have working Internet access through this connection on my laptop.

Here are the details of this connection:

Type:  Wired Ethernet
Connection State:  Connected
IP Address:  192.168.42.3
Connection Speed:  Unknown
System Name:  usb0
MAC Address: <redacted>
Driver:  cdc_ether

Next I connected a cat5e (ethernet) cable between the only physical ethernet port on the laptop and the WAN/Internet port (where the cable modem would normally connect) on the router. It is a normal (straight through) cable.
Still using KDE's network manager in Kubuntu I created a new network connection called shared_connection. I left all settings as default. You need to click on the connection named shared_connection in network manager to activate this connection.

The connection details are:

Type:  Wired Ethernet
Connection State: Connected
IP Address:  10.42.0.1
Connection Speed: 100 MBit/s
System Name: eth0
MAC Address: <redacted>
Driver: e1000e

Note that there are now two active connections on the Kubuntu laptop: tethered_usb0 and shared_connection. Both are required.
I went into the router GUI and set its WAN/Internet port to a static IP address of 10.42.0.2 and a gateway of 10.42.0.1. The subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. Note that I used a different computer to connect to my router. I used any computer on my lan. The router has the same address it always had and accessing the router's GUI is the same as before. My LAN IP address range is not the same as any of the addresses listed above. My router is a DHCP server. In short, the LAN side of the router does not change at all in this process.
Optional. Because my cable modem internet connection is not reliable, I have a frequent need to do the steps above. Therefore, I plan to purchase a fanless Intel NUC (or similar), install Kubuntu 14.04 on it, and leave it by my router. That way I won't have to dedicate a laptop to this job. I also purchased an extra phone line. (T-Mobile USA has a great deal right now called 10G 4 All.) For a very reasonable cost I now have a backup Internet service for when Comcast goes down. (This week it was down all day Monday, part of Tuesday, part of Thursday and now it has been down all day Friday as of 9pm.)


The correct way to downgrade is to remove the unsupported packages this can be done with the following command sudo apt-get remove $(hwe-support-status --show-all-unsupported) which feeds the unsupported packages to apt for removal.


why do i have no adress bar and why is Netflix slow

If you are using the Netflix-desktop package, it will always run in fullscreen (but only while using the application) likely due to a compatability issue with silverlight.  To my knowledge, there is no way to change this.  As for the slow video playback, I would assume that it's just another compatability issue, as the netflix package uses the windows version of silverlight, which has not been optimized for Ubuntu.

I'm confused by what you mean when you refer to your "adress bar".  If it is the one on the Ubuntu desktop, make sure you have the "Ubuntu" option selected to the right of your username as you login to the computer.  Other desktop environments (kde, xfce, lxde etc.) can look very different, and many do not show your username in the upper right corner like unity and gnome.  Hope this helps!


proxy settings don't help with update manager

Try creating a file /etc/apt/apt.conf with the following contents:

Acquire::http::Proxy "http://myusername:$mypassword@wwwproxy.stuff.is.here:8000";

That should work for any apt invocation, whether it is through the command line, synaptic or update-manager.


If you installed it using this method:

https://github.com/balderdashy/sails-docs/blob/master/getting-started/getting-started.md

you will need to use the npm package manager to remove it.

try sudo npm -g uninstall sails


Problem with xubuntu after boot from hard disk

On boot press Shift, On Grub menu → Advanced → Recovery mode
Run Check all file systems
Run Try to make free space
Drop to root shell Check for / free space by running df. If you still don't have enough free space (0.5GB may let you boot). Try deleting some non needed user files in /home/user/
Then: exit
Continue boot to normal mode: Choose Resume


Login only via Ubuntu Wayland possible and User is missing in Login List, Ubuntu 20.04

I try several things in my home directory because all other users work fine. The following steps help you to get out of the login loop and solve it to login via the default way 'Ubuntu' (without Wayland).
Note
Xorg and Wayland are display servers (not to be confused with display managers, like lightdm or gdm3).
Current display server
The following command prompt out the current display server for the user, 'wayland' or ' x11' (gdm3).
echo $XDG_SESSION_TYPE

If you have more than one display manager installed, to check which one you are using, type at a terminal the command.
cat /etc/X11/default-display-manager

This list in my client the  /usr/sbin/gdm3.
Switch
Now I switch back to gdm3, the following command is helpful.
sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm3

After reboot, you should have the possibility to log in again via the default way, without Wayland.
User list
However, my user is still missing from the list of users on the log in screen. Now I find the problem with the help of a list of all users.
cat /etc/passwd

That lists all users and additional information, like User-ID, Visible name and default Shell. On this list, I find my user name and the path to the default Shell. In my installation was it Fish, /usr/bin/fish.
Now I change them via usermod -s /bin/bash username. You must be run as root though.
Now, the user is back in the visible list. Also, it is now possible to change the profile image and the settings to each other user profile.


Ubuntu 14.04 will not install on compaq Mini but Mint 16 will

Sounds like a silly thing to point out in this day and age, but the Intel Atom N270 in your netbook only supports 32-bit instructions. I was a little surprised as most modern CPUs —even those 7 years old, like your N270— are 64-bit... but there you go.

If your Dell is 64-bit and your Mint ISO is 32bit, this could fully explain what you're seeing.

The fix could be as simple as downloading the 32-bit version of Ubuntu instead of the 64-bit one.


ownCloud sync client - tray icon missing

As explain in the issue: "Systray icon broken on Ubuntu 14.04 ater update to 2.2.0 #4828", there is a conflic between Qt version and Owncloud. I try to remove and reinstall, but I get a dependency error message and owncloud can't be re-install on my Ubuntu 14.04.

So if your owncloud client works, with or without the system tray icone, don't remove it.

Cedric.


Your CPU can run both versions. Which version you install is more or less up to you, however, its recommended to have 4 GB RAM to run amd64 version, which you lack so its up to you, but please check the answer here to learn the difference between 32 and 64 bits.


You could test if the script is being run via sudo using the EUID and SUDO_USER variables, and then execute touch as SUDO_USER if true - something like

#!/bin/bash

if [[ $EUID -eq 0 ]] && [[ -n $SUDO_USER ]]; then
  sudo -u "$SUDO_USER" touch dummy.txt
else
  touch dummy.txt
fi


TP Link T4U adapter not showing up in router's DHCP clients list

I was able to connect to WiFi interactively using nmtui.
sudo apt install network-manager
sudo nmtui

and then using the UI to select my SSID, enter its password, and activate.


Where does Ubuntu Touch emulator store drives?

I found it myself with sudo find / -name "*.img". They are stored in $HOME/.local/share/ubuntu-emulator

Well, it was also mentioned here.

$ sudo ubuntu-emulator destroy Nexus5
Are you sure you want to remove instance 'Nexus5' located in /home/marten/.local/share/ubuntu-emulator/Nexus5?
[y/n]


If you want to start normal Konsole window on startup, rather then create a file you should have use startup service (Autostart in plasma). Assuming you're running KDE, navigate to:

System Settings -> Startup & Shutdown -> Autostart -> Add Program..

Add following to field:

konsole -e --noclose command

Replace command with your desired command.


Your crontab job will call the relevant type of rsnapshot job to run.  If you run rsnapshot hourly you will create a directory in your output directory called "hourly.0".  Run it again, it will create "hourly.1".

So for every item you enable in your crontab, there should be a corresponding interval line in your /etc/rsnapshot file.  If you decide not to use the hourly interval for example, then just leave the interval line in your configuration, but don't run an cron job that specifies "hourly".

The confusion only arises because the default names are "hourly" "daily" and so on.  These are simply labels that can be changed to suit your needs.

For my rsnapshot, I use "daysago", "weeksago" and "monthsago" :


Open a terminal.

Use sudo lsblk -f to get a list of partitions and mountpoints. / is the mountpoint for your ubuntu partition and [SWAP] tells you on which partition swap is. (example: sda1 / and sda2 [SWAP]).

Now use sudo blkid to list partitions and their UUID. (example: /dev/sda1 UUID:"2904d822-ebc9-4d33-8529-e17138380e88" TYPE="ext4" and /dev/sda: UUID="ff0f94c6-c126-4c40-8290-1ed828c49c19" TYPE="swap")

This is if I understand correctly your /etc/fstab:

# # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>

proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0

# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation

# /windows was on /dev/sda6 during installation

# swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation –

Edit the /etc/fstab file with the information from the output of the commands earlier. In the terminal type sudo gedit /etc/fstab and edit the file. The following is an example:

# # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>

proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0

# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation

UUID=2904d822-ebc9-4d33-8529-e17138380e88 /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1 (put this on one line)

# /windows was on /dev/sda6 during installation

# swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation –

UUID=ff0f94c6-c126-4c40-8290-1ed828c49c19 none            swap    sw              0       0 (also on one line)

The only things you'll have to change from the example are the UUID numbers. Keep the rest of the example and the rest of /etc/fstab

Reboot and all should be well.


Error while installing mysql-server in ubuntu 16.04

try removing it with following commands:

sudo apt-get --auto-remove purge mysql\*
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt-get --auto-remove purge mysql\*
sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql* /var/lib/mysql* /usr/share/mysql* /var/log/mysql
sudo apt-get clean

see if it was cleaned up properly

sudo updatedb
locate mysql

and scan the output for folders, packages or files left over from the uninstalling.

after making sure those are gone, too, re-install it cleanly:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-server-5.7 mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client


Use Clonezilla to create copy of my machine and revert from 17.10 to 16.04

Clonezilla is a tool for creating an image of a computer - an exact copy, that can be replicated to a new computer. If you want to revert to 16.04 this is realistically speaking a re-installation.

In this case you probably want a backup of /home. There's several ways to do this. You can look into regular backup tools like duplicity, or you can make a simple archive of /home.

To make a simple archive, you can use the following command in a terminal:

sudo tar -cvf /path/to/archive/backup.tar /home/username

This file will contain all the content of /home, and can be stored on for instance a USB disk.

Once you have reinstalled 16.04 you can restore this with

sudo -i
cd /home/
tar --exclude=.cache -xvf /path/to/archive/backup.tar

In addition you may have to restore ownership of your home directory.

sudo chown -R username.username /home/username

If you make a separate partition for /home (or you already have this) you can simply re-install 16.04, and use the old /home.

The home directory is largely independent of the Linux distribution, but you may run into issues with different versions of software that does not recognize all options in the configuration.


ou can use the command in Terminal:

sudo apt-get install librxtx-java

It simple download the files to your system, but Java not know where is it! To work with installed RxTx, you have to setup Build Path to compile the code, and copy the binaries (.so files) to java library path.

To learn how to do it please check this.


Can I install Ubuntu and use it like I did with Windows XP?

Recently I had to make the same decision for an older computer (12 years old). I've been through Windows 7, Elementary OS, Xubuntu, Lubuntu, Went back to Windows XP, and finally back to Xubuntu.

The point is your going to have to experiment and figure out what's best for your computer so have a look around and try some of them?

However, I would recommend you try one or more of the following: Xubuntu, Elementary OS, Lubuntu, Linux Mint. They are considered to be lightweight and suitable for older hardware. Hope this helps.


need to connect as **root@my-server-ip** with SSH

The default on Ubuntu 14.04 in /etc/ssh/sshd_config is

PermitRootLogin without-password

which forbids root logins using password authentication.  This is a good idea because brute-force login attempts against the root user are extremely common.

To login as root, I recommend setting up key-based SSH login.  Another (dangerous!) possibility is to change the option to PermitRootLogin yes.


vs code jedi language server is running over 120.9% of CPU on ubuntu

Python by itself doesn't really consume any CPU. A program using python3 is misbehaving and consuming too many resources. I use ps command instead:
$ ps aux | grep -v grep | grep python

root      1493  0.0  0.0 174652 19772 ?        Ssl  Apr06   0:00 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/share/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrade-shutdown --wait-for-signal
rick      2903  0.3  0.1 626248 41228 ?        Sl   Apr06  10:19 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/indicator-sysmonitor
rick      4889  0.0  0.1 890152 49768 ?        Sl   Apr06   0:20 gedit /home/rick/python/mserve /home/rick/python/alienstart /home/rick/.bashrc /home/rick/python/location.py /home/rick/python/message.py
rick      5916  0.0  0.7 705836 251284 pts/22  Sl   Apr06   1:08 /usr/bin/python /home/rick/python/mmm
rick      6081  0.7  0.2 307000 83508 pts/22   Sl+  Apr06  21:31 python /home/rick/python/mserve
rick      6262  0.1  0.0 421952 30872 pts/22   Tl+  Apr06   5:28 python vu_meter.py stereo

Match the second column with the process ID that htop was reporting and then research that program.


I tried it and worked fine for me.
Try adding OpenDNS server to your IPv4 setting

208.67.222.222 and 208.67.220.220


In a terminal sudo apt-get install bluez


How to write a disk image to a USB stick while downloading it from a torrent?

You can create a 'grub-n-iso' system in the USB drive

A 'grub-n-iso' system means that grub points to an iso file (or selects from many iso files in a multiboot system). In this case you can simply download the iso file directly to the USB drive.

I have done it for isotesting Lubuntu using rsync (downloading only what is different in the daily iso file from yesterday), but it should be possible with torrent too.

See this link for more details,

One pendrive for all PC (Intel/AMD) computers - single-boot dual-boot multi-boot


Wubi install: choosing Windows at boot menu does not work

If you are dual-booting and NOT using Wubi:
Thats what I got once into. I too had the same problem you are having. Its nothing but a damaged MBR. You just need to do two things:1.  Repair the MBR2. Re-install the grub. For step 1, visit here and see how to repair MBR as explained in the best way I could.You will then get your window working and you will not be asked any operating system to boot into at the startup. Now next step (re-installing the GRUB) is to do that. You need to re-install the GRUB to have the same choice of the operating system. Just follow the next explained step.STEP2: Boot into ubuntu with any live cd, and just go to the terminal and type following:
$sudo fdisk -l
.....list of /dev/sda
Note down the device name containing the root partition of your installed ubuntu, in my case it was /dev/sda2
......
$sudo mkdir /mnt/myfolder
$sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/myfolder
$sudo grub-install --root-directory /mnt/myfolder /dev/sda

And you are done. Just reboot your machine and problem will be gone.


How to install the translations for trac

According to Trac On Ubuntu, you need to install Babel (exactly what's the error message states):

sudo apt-get install python python-babel
sudo apt-get install trac

One of the important things mentioned on the same page is:

  Also take into account that python-babel should be always installed before trac if you wish to see it internationalized.

So, if after installing of python-babel on top of trac localization is still not in place, try to reinstall trac with:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall trac

And if still no result, most likely you'll need to purge both packages:

sudo apt-get purge python-babel trac

... and make a clean install of trac as per above.


Multiple Users, Single Workstation, 1 home folder (Can this be achieved, if so how?)

Dont know if this is what you are looking for but if you had a separate ext4 partition that was auto-mounted for every user you could use this as a global home folder ?


How can I add to a already running process an additional 'shutdown' command?

There's no need to repeatedly run ps to list all processes and grep through the output.  Background the process with ctrl-Z, then run

bg %1 ; wait %1 ; shutdown -h now

If you have other background jobs running, then you will be given a different jobspec instead of [1] when you ctrl-z.  If so, use that instead.


I believe the font settings are all over the place in Xubuntu.
For the theme default font, > Applications > Settings > Settings Manager > Appearance > Fonts tab > Default Font -

For the window manager font(window title bar) > Applications > Settings > Settings Manager > Window Manager > Style > Title font -

For the Xfce Terminal, Open up the terminal,located > Applications > Accessories > Terminal Emulator, go to > Edit > Preferences > Appearance > Font -


How to replace Windows with Ubuntu/Lubuntu?

Yes, there is a way to preserve a data partition while removing Windows 10 and its partition, but first, we must be very careful to do six things:

Reboot your PC and in the BIOS/firmware settings, disable Fast Boot and Secure Boot. Different BIOS have different options, so I can't tell you precisely how to do that. After you have changed those settings, boot into Windows as you normally would.

Make sure we know the drive letter and its partition number which has the data. We do this by running Disk Management from the Control Panel in Windows. Write down the partition number.

Copy all data from C:, your Windows System drive letter, to your data drive. Things like files in and under C:\USERS\yourusername\APPDATA\ contain browser configurations including passwords and bookmarks you may need again. Also copy all the data in the Quick Access locations to that data-only partition,

When you've confirmed that, make a backup of the data anyway, because disk partition changes can be tricky, and one small mistake can lose data forever.

Make an Ubuntu LiveUSB (or Lubuntu, or whichever flavour you want) LiveUSB.

When you are absolutely, positively, done with Windows 10, then click on the windows button, click on the power icon at lower left, and while holding down the Shift key, click on Shut Down. This makes sure all changes are written to disk and the disks are released.
When 1-6 are done, then you can install Ubuntu / Lubuntu / *buntu. When it asks where to put Ubuntu, you choose Something Else and specify to put *buntu where Windows was, while not changing the other partition where your data is.


Error coming during installation veil-evasion

The package you are trying to install has not any repository in /etc/apt/sources.list or /etc/apt/sources.list.d/.

Use This Link For downloading and installing veil-evasion.


Why are my wallpaper settings, tile, zoom, center, scale, fill or span options no longer available?

These options are removed from the default GUI wallpaper settings (accessible from the Settings application) in the recent versions of GNOME 3 for some reason.
As an alternative, you may use another GUI application called (GNOME) Tweaks to get those extra options. To install it first run
sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

Then launch Tweaks and go to the 'Appearance' section on Ubuntu 18.04 and later (or the 'Desktop' section on Ubuntu 17.10). You'll get options to adjust the background and lock screen images.


gnome-terminal profile without bash history

Have you tried using env to run the shell in a custom environment e.g. /usr/bin/env HISTIGNORE='*' /bin/bash from the gnome-terminal Title and Command tab?

This seems to work for me - although I can't help feeling there's a more efficient way that doesn't involve testing each command against the wildcard.


It's save to delete. I didn't find out what it's for.


What alternatives for sticky notes are available?

Good news: you can have Sticky Notes in Ubuntu.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:umang/indicator-stickynotes
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install indicator-stickynotes

If you'd also like to try an alternative, I can suggest XPad as well, which should be in the official repositories.


Ctrl+tab stoped working in gedit after installing xfce

Maybe you should see this topic:

  Custom keyboard shortcuts in gedit

However, you will discover many problem from your cross upgrade.
I recommend you for new installation.


Just for future reference and a note to myself... I think I have found a good direction for this solution...

https://gist.github.com/escoand/cf1605f7e0410b319fcb

That gives a way to add columns to the list view in Nautilus. It is not a perfect solution for me yet, since this deals with mp3's and their meta-data.

However, I think the approach will bring me in the right direction :)


The method to extract 1 file would be:

unzip -P password file

This is used to mark several files with different extensions: *.{zip,7zip,rar}

So I would start with ...

unzip -P password *.{zip,7zip,rar}

Mind though that this could error out on any of the files not being correct (damaged) or with the wrong password. Also: this is -insecure-: the password is typed in plain sight and someone checking the process list is also capable of seeing it. If that is a concern you should leave the "password" part and type it when asked.

No idea if it will ask for it every time though so you need to confirm this ;)


install package from a specific distributions with private apt repository?

Your Release files should contain a Codename header to allow pinning by release name. From man apt_preferences:

The Release file is normally found in the directory .../dists/dist-name: for
example, .../dists/stable/Release, or .../dists/wheezy/Release. It consists of a
single multi-line record which applies to all of the packages in the directory
tree below its parent. Unlike the Packages file, nearly all of the lines in a
Release file are relevant for setting APT priorities:

[...]

the Codename: line
    names the codename to which all the packages in the directory tree belong.
    For example, the line "Codename: jessie" specifies that all of the packages
    in the directory tree below the parent of the Release file belong to a
    version named jessie. Specifying this value in the APT preferences file would
    require the line:

        Pin: release n=jessie

See for reference the Release file of the official Xenial repository.


Iḿ using manjaro and searched a long time. I Found the Setting under SystemSettings/workspace-behavior


Is late a lot but here is your answer. From the download page on cavestory.org download this version: Doukutsu Linux Port by Simon Parzer and Peter Mackay

Extract the file in Downloads.

Open the terminal(ctrl+alt+t) and type: cd ~/Downloads/linuxDoukutsu-1.01

Type ./doukutsu

It will open the game. To exit press exit.


Welcome to askubuntu Arun ! try Unetbootin to make pendrive bootable. You have to just provide .iso path, doesn't affect you choose distro and version or not.


Permission denied when setting the MAC address

When you run a shell command to perform a task that requires system administrator permission, you need to put sudo in front of it. sudo stands for “do as super user”. You will be prompted for your password (if you run several commands in quick succession, you will only get a password prompt the first time), and you must be authorized to run command as administrator (which is the case for the initial user created during an Ubuntu installation).

sudo ifconfig eth0 hwaddr 01:23:45:67:89:ab

See the Ubuntu wiki for more information.

If adding sudo isn't enough, edit your question to be more precise. Copy-paste the command(s) that you ran and the error messages.


I can't find ubuntu phone version for this phone so you may need to port it. Try using XChat and connect to the developer's channel for more info.

In-depth support

There’s a wide variety of support resources, from Q&As to real-time support, for developers no matter what their level of experience with Ubuntu:

Real-time communication: #ubuntu-phone IRC channel on Freenode

E-mail discussion: https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-phone

Developer Q&A: www.askubuntu.com

Project coordination, specs and guidelines, handbook: wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuPhone/CoreApps

Project hosting and actual code on Launchpad: launchpad.net/ubuntu-phone-coreapps/


Package not available for this type of computer

I solved this problem by...

Rebooting!

And it magically started working. Very strange.


Where did the contents of the ISO file go?

The ISO file is not intended to be placed on the drive.  They are bit-to-bit images that are intended to be copied bit-to-bit onto your USB support.
In your case, your USB stick is probably not bootable.
You may want to enjoy software like http://rufus.ie/ rufus to create your bootable USB.  When done all the data on the USB stick are destroyed, and there is no free space...  You may format it back later to the full size.
More complicated Multisystems http://liveusb.info/dotclear/index.php?pages/os enable more than one system per USB and do not destroy the USB datas.
I do not think your computer is destroyed.  You can change back your BIOS/UEFI.


Shutdown hangs on Ubuntu 17.10 on Lenovo ThinkPad E370 "mmc0: Unknown controller version"

This is kernel 4.13.0 issue, fixed in 4.13.5. I had to download compile and install it manually from kernel.org. After that shutdown works fine.

P.S. Thinkpad e570


Ok, I patched it up on my own.

Linux Side:

1) Install Samba

2) goto http://avasys.jp/hp/menu000000500/hpg000000442.htm

3) find your printer, and download the .deb file & the .tar.gz file and install the .deb

4) extract the .tar.gz and retrieve your .ppd file

5) copy your .ppm file into /usr/share/cups/model/

6) alt-f2 and type in "system-config-printer" and hit enter

7) hit "add"

8) network printer > windows printer via SAMBA

9) hit browse and find your printer

10) hit continue, when prompted select "Provide PPD File" and navigate to   /usr/share/cups/model/DRIVER_FILE.ppd

(you may need to install an additional 3rd party program here based on the driver and printer)

11) hit continue and fill out the information

12) hit apply, if you want, you can print a test page from here.

Windows XP Side

1) Open Control Panel

2) Open Printers and Faxes

3) Select the printer you want to share

4) Under the printer properties windows click on "share this printer"

Windows 7 Side

1) Open Control Panel

2) Open Devices and Printers

3) Select the printer you want to share

4) Under sharing tab click on "share this printer", and give it a name


Use
apt-cache policy <packagename> to find the available versions.
Next use

sudo apt install <packagename>=<version string>

to install that specific version.


Can you help me troubleshoot (and rectify) a time drift issue?

Unless you reboot your system, I believe the system is set to sync your time only once every 24 hours.

You can run a cron job to query the ntp server to keep your time in sync more often.

Run the following command to edit your cron jobs:

sudo crontab -e

If the system asks, choose nano as the editor.

Then, scroll to the end of the file and enter the following line to set the time every 30 minutes:

*/30 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate ntp.ubuntu.com

Press CTRL + o and then press ENTER to save the file. Press CTRL + x to exit nano.

If that doesn't work, you could do this cronjob instead:

*/30 * * * * /bin/systemctl restart systemd-timesyncd

You can adjust the time schedule in units of 10 so you could set it to 10 or 40 or 60 or whatever instead of 30 by editing that value set.

It may not be necessary, but you can restart cron just for good measure by executing the following command:

 sudo service cron restart

EDIT

In order to use systemd-timesyncd, run the following commands:

sudo apt-get purge ntp openntp
sudo systemctl enable systemd-timesyncd
sudo systemctl restart systemd-timesyncd

Finally, to check the status:

systemctl status systemd-timesyncd


Ubuntu is a multi-user system so it generally installs software in a way to make it available to all users.

On the other hand everything that might affect other users can't be changed by an unprivileged user.

Fortunately you can privilege yourself (if you are the "first" user created during installation) by putting a sudo before any command which needs root permission. Thus you may change everything - but pay attention, the system will not prevent you from doing harmful things e.g. removing essential system files.

If you install software "manually" (as opposed to using apt-get), you may choose in the configuration where to install it, but I wouldn't recommend this for beginners.

BTW: ~/ is just an abbrevation for your user directory.


If you use the Ctrl-A-D shortcut jobs can be pushed to the background.  Users of the screen command or the like often accidentally background jobs by forgetting they're not in a screen anymore.

using

fg

will bring a job to the foreground.

You can also check what processes are running under your user with:

ps aux | grep USERNAME

This will hopefully give you an indication of what was running, along with the process ID for that job.

You can then use:

kill PROCESSIDNUMBER

to stop that job.

I hope this helps!

Kind Regards


How do I make guis allow me to enter file path

I think Ctrl-L is what you are looking for. By default, I see a bar that looks something like this (when I am trying to attach a file from /tmp, for example):

After pressing Ctrl-L, I see this:


I am not sure if that is the solution. But I got this working (presumably lasts).

Following my theory that everything was caused by the security update and that the "update flash plugin" was related to it I came to do the following:

-Youtube finally stop working and I desperately needed some music to work. I tried to download the plugin but I couldn't so I visited this page:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1902832

i did this:
Simply activate it by going to System Settings>Software Sources>Other Software and check the boxes for Canonical Partners.

Then I was able to find the flash plugin and I installed it.

Everything is working now, firefox, youtube, I hope even prezi works.

I sincerely hope this helps somebody else.


Installing nvidia drivers causes computer to boot to command prompt

The first place to look is the file /var/log/Xorg.0.log. Look for entries that start with (EE).

Another good places are /var/log/messages and /var/log/syslog.


Look at /var/log/syslog and /var/log/Xorg.0.log what's hapenning.


About disabling the touchpad, go to System > Preferences > Mouse > Touchpad and check 'Disable touchpad while typing'. That sould do the trick.


Installation error: Unable to find a medium containing a live file system

I had this problem as well. Tried a dozen of different suggestions to get it working. I found one that actually worked for me.

When Ubuntu is first loader hit F10. Then choose F6 (Other Options).

I checked acpi=off & nodmraid.

Hit ESC to go back and selected Install Ubuntu.

This for some reason worked for me. Try it out.


Cannot ssh into server using host:port syntax

The format you wanted is only for the -J option and not for the destination option.
From the man page:
ssh connects and logs into the specified destination,
which may be specified as either [user@]hostname
or a URI of the form ssh://[user@]hostname[:port].


How do I prevent a user from customizing the panel in Xubuntu?

This link is about locking the panels, maybe this is what you're looking for:
https://sites.google.com/site/easylinuxtipsproject/xubuntu#TOC-Safeguard-the-panels-kiosk-mode-

  Copy the panel settings in your home folder, to a systemwide folder.
  The settings file is called xfce4-panel.xml.

  Copy and paste the following magical incantation into the terminal:

sudo cp -v ~/.config/xfce4/xfconf/xfce-perchannel-xml/xfce4-panel.xml /etc/xdg/xfce4/xfconf/xfce-perchannel-xml/

  Now open the settings file with text editor Leafpad. With the
  following command line:

gksudo leafpad /etc/xdg/xfce4/xfconf/xfce-perchannel-xml/xfce4-panel.xml

  Almost at the top of the text in that text file you see the line:

<channel name="xfce4-panel" version="1.0">

  Dele that line and replace it by this line:

<channel name="xfce4-panel" version="1.0" locked="*" unlocked="root">

  Save the modified text file.

  Reboot your computer.

  The panels are now in kiosk mode and can't be deleted or modified.


how to install phpmyadmin in Ubuntu server 18.04.1 LTS Bionic?

Install

sudo add-apt-repository universe

After check

apt search phpmyadmin
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
adminer/bionic 4.6.2-1 all
  Web-based database administration tool

phpliteadmin/bionic-security,bionic-updates 1.9.7.1-1ubuntu0.1 all
  web-based SQLite database admin tool

phpliteadmin-themes/bionic-security,bionic-updates 1.9.7.1-1ubuntu0.1 all
  web-based SQLite database admin tool - themes

phpmyadmin/bionic 4:4.6.6-5 all
  MySQL web administration tool

After install

sudo apt install phpmyadmin
...
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  apache2 apache2-bin apache2-data apache2-utils dbconfig-common dbconfig-mysql javascript-common libapache2-mod-php7.2 libapr1 libaprutil1
  libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libjs-jquery libjs-sphinxdoc libjs-underscore liblua5.2-0 libsodium23 libzip4 php php-bz2 php-pear
  php-php-gettext php-phpseclib php-tcpdf php-zip php7.2 php7.2-bz2 php7.2-cli php7.2-common php7.2-json php7.2-opcache php7.2-readline php7.2-zip
Suggested packages:
  www-browser apache2-doc apache2-suexec-pristine | apache2-suexec-custom php-libsodium php-mcrypt php-gmp php-imagick
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  apache2 apache2-bin apache2-data apache2-utils dbconfig-common dbconfig-mysql javascript-common libapache2-mod-php7.2 libapr1 libaprutil1
  libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libjs-jquery libjs-sphinxdoc libjs-underscore liblua5.2-0 libsodium23 libzip4 php php-bz2 php-pear
  php-php-gettext php-phpseclib php-tcpdf php-zip php7.2 php7.2-bz2 php7.2-cli php7.2-common php7.2-json php7.2-opcache php7.2-readline php7.2-zip
  phpmyadmin
0 upgraded, 34 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 18.9 MB of archives.
After this operation, 75.9 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]


How to start ccsm in 12.04... cannot import name ConfFile

A possible work around: compile compiz, and use the compiled compiz's ccsm:

(don't know if all this is necessary, but it was done)

install compiz, etc... from apt-get,
then install kubuntu-dev-tools ,

sudo apt-get install kubuntu-dev-tools

get this script to compile compiz,

git clone git://anongit.compiz.org/users/soreau/scripts

(this git wasn't working when I first tried it, maybe the website was down for a bit?)

edit the scripts,
kate ./scripts/build_compiz++ &,
set KDE_ENABLED to "true",
remove the following listed dependencies:
libgnome-window-settings-dev,
kde-devel,
and optional: add kubuntu-dev-tools as a dependency

save, keep window open, (if you want your changes saved, the script will override your changes for the next run if you don't keep your changes when the box shows up: choose to view differences to see if it was just your changes different) (note: this may not have been said quite right)

run script as far as it will go,

./scripts/build_compiz++

it'll have some error with KDE, go back and set back KDE_ENABLED to "false".,
then rerun script as far as it will go, ./scripts/build_compiz++

(optional) when finished run

./scripts/compiz_addons++

then you can run

/opt/compiz++/bin/ccsm++

to start ccsm.
as well as use the repositories compiz, or use this compiled version's compiz /opt/compiz++/bin/compiz++,...

changes made in this compiled version's ccsm apply to the repositories compiz as well. (or at least it seamed to have gone that way at some point)

NOTE: This doesn't fix the repositories ccsm.

not all settings work nicely in ccsm, if it freezes, etc... while you're figuring out what works you can: ctrl+alt+F2, and log in

compiz --replace --display :0 &

(once you've done the above one time you can use the up arrow to get it back) then ctrl+alt+F7 (or F8..F12 or whatever it is for you) to get the compiz GUI back,
or if you want kwin back, run kwin --replace from kde's run menu (alt+F2)

to set up KDE to run compiz at startup, goto KDE System Settings -> Workspace Appearance -> Default Applications -> Window Manager -> Default Component -> Use a different window manager -> ... and apply....

If you want to try to make a custom compiz launcher wrapper you can try making it as ~/bin/compiz-kde-launcher and seeing if that works.


Try to do this:
I am assuming your Unity has been misconfigured or gone wrong. Try the below steps:

Login into Ubuntu.

Open a terminal by hitting Ctrl + Alt +  or in your case Ctrl + Alt + F2

Run this command:

gconftool-2 --recursive-unset /apps/compiz-1 unity --reset

Restart, this should work.

Ref: How do I reset my Unity configuration?


At least for Ubuntu 12.04 the issue is local DNS cache running on 127.0.0.1 (dnsmasq). Webupd8.org has a walk through and a script to change the local listening IP to 127.0.0.2.

http://www.webupd8.org/2012/02/encrypt-dns-traffic-in-linux-with.html

Scroll down to the Ubuntu section. I have it working for both 11.10 x64 and 12.04 x64 using their script. Initially it was not working on 11.10 but a full reboot resolved it.


You can do an OEM install , see https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Ubuntu_OEM_Installer_Overview

Can you please clarify what you mean by "nothing but the necessities to operate"? If you want a bare bones install, use the mini iso

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/MinimalCD

Note : a minimal install will be command line only with a minimal number of packages

Or you can do a server install

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/server

Sort of depends on what you are looking for.


Can't adjust screen brightness on Macbook Pro 10,1 Ubuntu 13.10

I installed Ubuntu 13.10 on my 15" MacBook Pro 11,3 (Late 2013) with kernel 3.14.0-031400rc5-generic and the 331.49 Nvidia driver. My brightness control keys were not working either. Fix was to add this line to /etc/rc.local:

setpci -v -H1 -s 00:01.00 BRIDGE_CONTROL=0

Brightness control keys work now.


Going to be hardware. Especially make sure memory is seated properly. I can't count how many times i've seen this.


Why can't I install the fglrx drivers for a RV620 card?

You do not refer to the release version that you are using, assuming > 12.04 LTS

Your card is not supported by the latest releases of the ATI driver.

You will need to use Ubuntu 12.04 LTS to install the legacy drivers or use the default already present and working, open source release of the driver. You cannot use fglrx drivers for our card on a Ubuntu release higher than 12.04 LTS.


The whole idea of Unity is to be a compiz based desktop so there is no need for a gnome-panel. Unity still has to mature. It needs to grow on anyone and it currently lacks a good config tool (at least one for adding lenses to the launcher).
It works at the moment so that's good. But it needs a bit more attention.

Sidenote: System monitor and clock can be added as an 'indicator' so that might ease your problem.

By the way: your question tends to make this into a discussion.


how to setup default runlevel to 3 after preseed install ubuntu 16.04

In Ubuntu 16.04 and other newer version of Linux, the concept of runlevel has been changed with systemd targets.

To change runlevel to 3, then use the following command:

sudo systemctl set-default runlevel3.target

For checking your current target, use the following command:

systemctl get-default

For more information you can visit systemd man pages.

man systemd


Reuse the `apt up` part of the `apt update` and `apt upgrade` commands to execute both in sequence in just one line

The simple way ( and more efficient) is via for loop (on one line but here it's shown in multiple lines for clarity):

for i in {date,grade}; do
     apt up${i}
done

The smart way is to make an alias in ~/.bashrc for these two commands and forget about retyping it ever again:

alias upgrade=' sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade'

The elaborate way is to do this:

$ echo sudo" "apt" "up{"date","grade"}" && " :
sudo apt update &&  sudo apt upgrade &&  :

See what's happening ? We're building a valid string of text to be run by shell. Now all you need to do is to use eval instead of echo. But eval is generally not recommended in shell scripting and this command is much more convoluted and non portable than the for loop. Variation on the theme without eval (and shortest so far, but not efficient due to pipe and multiple commands echo,two apt,sudo and sh so lots of forking):

$ echo "apt "{update,upgrade}";"|sudo sh

We can also use set to turn the desired sequence into positional parameters and just execute apt with $1 and $2 args:

$ set {update,upgrade}; echo apt $1 && echo apt $2
apt update
apt upgrade

Or alternatively use for loop again, since it defaults to processing positional parameters if you don't specify a sequence in the for variable (sequence)

$ set {update,upgrade} ; for i; do echo apt $i ;done
apt update
apt upgrade

Using set is a very common technique I see among professionals who work with shells a lot, and for a good reason - this is very portable and will work in /bin/sh where you have no arrays or {a,b,c} expansion. So POSIX-ly portable way would be set update upgrade ; for i; do echo apt $i ;done. Additionally, this should be efficient.

Or we can go the while loop route:

$ echo {date,$'\n',grade}|while read i;do echo apt up${i}; done
apt update
apt upgrade

Of course remember to run it without echo for actual command execution to take place


Steam cannot be installed. Package dependency problem

Downgrade some packages.

As this reports, I have a higher version than recommended. As with my previous question, downgrading fixed it.

$ apt-cache policy libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386
libgl1-mesa-dri:i386:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 20.0.4-2ubuntu1
  Version table:
     20.1~git2004290730.35ee6b~oibaf~b -1
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     20.0.4-2ubuntu1 500
        500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main i386 Packages

Trying to install that version of that package, leads to this:

$ sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dri:i386=20.0.4-2ubuntu1
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 : Depends: libdrm-amdgpu1:i386 (>= 2.4.100) but it is not going to be installed
                        Depends: libdrm-intel1:i386 (>= 2.4.38) but it is not going to be installed
                        Depends: libdrm-nouveau2:i386 (>= 2.4.66) but it is not going to be installed
                        Depends: libdrm-radeon1:i386 (>= 2.4.31) but it is not going to be installed
                        Depends: libdrm2:i386 (>= 2.4.75) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

So, I needed to downgrade all those dependent packages, try installing the above package again, and then try installing Steam again.

That did it.


Why my browser shows loading spinner every minute/hr and affect all my tabs on Ubuntu 18.04

Please increase your swap file to at least 3GB
(and at least 11 GB if you added Hibernation to your Ubuntu)
as recommended by Ubuntu https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SwapFaq

Close all apps and open a terminal window. Run:

sudo swapoff -a
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=3G count=8
sudo mkswap /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile
grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

You should now see 3 GB of swap. You can change 3 in the second line of that command, to a larger value if you want, but no more than 16 GB.


Overview window arrangement with super key not working on Ubuntu 19.04

The issue was solved after I disabled windowNavigator extension which I used earlier.


Dual-boot computer won't boot without external hard drive

The problem

Grub, Ubuntu's bootloader, was installed on the internal drive, but requires files present on the external drive to start up properly. When the external drive is absent, neither Ubuntu or Windows boots.

Solution, Part 1 - Repair the Windows Bootloader

Download Rescatux and burn the ISO to a CD. Reboot your computer from the CD, with the external drive not connected.

Select the winoption, and click OK.

Select the winmbroption, and click OK.

Select the runoption, and click OK.

Use common sense to figure out which partition contains Windows, select it, and click OK.

Finally, use common sense to figure out which hard drive contains Windows, select it, and click OK.

If asked about position, leave the default option selected, and click OK.

Reboot and test to make sure that Windows boots up correctly.

Solution, Part 2 - Reinstall the Ubuntu Bootloader

Boot from the Ubuntu Live CD with the external drive plugged in.

Run the following commands from a Terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair
boot-repair

Click on the Advanced options button, then click on the Grub location tab, and select Windows as the OS to boot by default. Make sure to select the option to install Grub only on the external hard drive. This is very important.

Finally, click on Apply.

Now, reboot to make sure you can boot to Windows and to Ubuntu with the external drive plugged in.

  You may want to set up your BIOS so that your external hard drive is before your internal one in the boot order. This will allow for seamless booting, without you having to configure anything upon reboots, whether you want to boot into Windows or Ubuntu.

  Note: If you set up your BIOS to boot from USB devices automatically, you need to be aware that this may be a security risk (or a hassle): it may try to boot from other attached USB devices that are not your external hard drive containing Ubuntu. Always think twice before making changes like this.

Finally, once inside Ubuntu, you'll need to perform one last step, to prevent Ubuntu system updates from reinstalling Grub to your internal hard drive and replacing the Windows bootloader.

Open the Terminal application and run the following command:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure grub-pc

Enter your Ubuntu user's password, and then press Enter.

Press Enter for the first two screens. The third one is the one we're interested in.

Press Tab and then Enter, then navigate to your external hard drive using the arrow keys, and finally select using by hitting Space.

  Note: Hard drives look like /dev/sda in this list. Any entries with numbers, like /dev/sda1, represent partitions and should be ignored.

Finally, confirm your selection by hitting Enter.

Your computer should, as of now, behave correctly and your start-up problems should be history.

Explanation of the solution

Boot-Repair installed Grub to your external hard drive only.
This allows your computer to boot to Ubuntu when it's connected, yet without depending on it to boot Windows when the external drive isn't plugged in.
With this configuration, Windows will boot by default, whether the external hard drive is plugged in or not.

Glossary

  Bootloader: a piece of code that runs before any operating system is running. A bootloader is used to boot other operating
  systems. Each operating system usually has its own bootloader.

  GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader): a bootloader package developed to support multiple operating systems and allow the user to select among them during boot-up. It is Ubuntu's default bootloader.

  Command, command line: the traditional Unix environment , where you type commands to tell the computer what to do.

  Terminal: an application that allows you to access the command line. Open it by hitting its keyboard shortcut, Ctrl Alt T


Poor Text Quality 1080P HD Monitor 12.04

Solved!  Okay I couldn't find settings>display>scale on my version.  However while looking for it I came across Universal Access.  When I went in and increased the size of text, it solved my resolution problem.  Thanks to everyone for contributing!!!!


Automatically update commands for Ubuntu server system

There are always some security risks involved in running software upgrades without supervision, but there are also benefits.

Content

Using the "unattended-upgrades" package
Using cron and aptitude
Using cron-apt to handle automatic updating

Using the "unattended-upgrades" package

Install the unattended-upgrades package if it isn't already installed

sudo apt-get install unattended-upgrades

To enable it, do:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure -plow unattended-upgrades

(it's an interactive dialog) which will create /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20auto-upgrades with the following contents:

APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists "1";
APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "1";

Details about what these values mean may be found in the header of the /etc/cron.daily/apt file.

Note:

When the apt job starts, it will sleep for a random period between 0 and APT::Periodic::RandomSleep seconds. The default value is "1800" so that the script will stall for up to 30 minutes (1800 seconds) so that the mirror servers are not crushed by everyone running their updates all at the same time. Only set this to 0 if you use a local mirror and don't mind the load spikes. Note that while the apt job is sleeping it will cause the execution of the rest of your cron.daily jobs to be delayed.
If you want the script to generate more verbose output set APT::Periodic::Verbose "1";
If you want the script to automatically reboot when needed, you not only need to set Unattended-Upgrade::Automatic-Reboot "true", but you also need to have the "update-notifier-common" package installed. On minimal installations this is not installed by default and without it the automatic updater will never reboot and will not even tell you that you need to reboot manually if you have email notifications configured!

And /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades:

// Automatically upgrade packages from these (origin, archive) pairs
Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins {
    // ${distro_id} and ${distro_codename} will be automatically expanded
    "${distro_id} stable";
    "${distro_id} ${distro_codename}-security";
    "${distro_id} ${distro_codename}-updates";
//  "${distro_id} ${distro_codename}-proposed-updates";
};

// List of packages to not update
Unattended-Upgrade::Package-Blacklist {
//  "vim";
//  "libc6";
//  "libc6-dev";
//  "libc6-i686";
};

// Send email to this address for problems or packages upgrades
// If empty or unset then no email is sent, make sure that you
// have a working mail setup on your system. The package 'mailx'
// must be installed or anything that provides /usr/bin/mail.
//Unattended-Upgrade::Mail "root@localhost";

// Do automatic removal of new unused dependencies after the upgrade
// (equivalent to apt-get autoremove)
//Unattended-Upgrade::Remove-Unused-Dependencies "false";

// Automatically reboot *WITHOUT CONFIRMATION* if a
// the file /var/run/reboot-required is found after the upgrade
//Unattended-Upgrade::Automatic-Reboot "false";

Using cron and aptitude

Install aptitude:

sudo apt-get install aptitude

Create a new file:

sudo nano /etc/cron.weekly/apt-security-updates

Copy the following text into this new file, save, and exit:

echo "**************" >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
date >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
aptitude update >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
aptitude safe-upgrade -o Aptitude::Delete-Unused=false --assume-yes --target-release `lsb_release -cs`-security >> /var/log/apt-security-updates
echo "Security updates (if any) installed"

Recently (since Ubuntu 7.10), the aptitude action 'upgrade' is deprecated. There are now two ways to upgrade, a safe one (conservative, if an update needs to add or remove dependencies, it won't update) and a full one (it will always upgrade even though it impacts other packages by adding them or removing them, previously called 'dist-upgrade'). The actions are now 'safe-upgrade' or 'full-upgrade'. See the manual page of aptitude (man aptitude) for more details.

Once you are complete, you want to make the file executable. So, via the terminal, type the following line:

sudo chmod +x /etc/cron.weekly/apt-security-updates

This script will run once weekly and it installs all available packages from the security repository. It also generates a log in /var/log/apt-security-updates for later inspection in case something goes wrong.

This script will output information to a log file, so to prevent this log file from getting too large we need to make sure it gets rotated out. To do this, we'll use the logrotate utility, which comes with Ubuntu. Press Alt+F2 and type this command:

sudo nano /etc/logrotate.d/apt-security-updates

Paste this into the editor, save, and exit:

/var/log/apt-security-updates {
        rotate 2
        weekly
        size 250k
        compress
        notifempty
}

This will rotate the log file every week (weekly), or if it's over 250kB in size (size 250k), compressing old versions (compress). The previous two log files will be kept (rotate 2), and no rotation will occur if the file is empty (notifempty).

Using cron-apt to handle automatic updating

cron-apt is a program that automatically updating software packages by using a cron job apt-get , aptitude or apt-file can take over.

Install aptitude:

sudo apt-get install aptitude

Install cron-apt:

sudo apt-get install cron-apt

Configuration can be done by editing /etc/cron-apt/config and by adding rules to /etc/cron-apt/action.d/. The variables that you can set in
/etc/cron-apt/config is documented in the configuration example in /usr/share/doc/cron-apt/examples/config

Two files are created:

/etc/cron-apt/action.d/0-update
/etc/cron-apt/action.d/3-download

Open 3-download in a terminal:

sudo nano /etc/cron-apt/action.d/3-download

The content

dist-upgrade -d -y -o APT::Get::Show-Upgraded=true

means that a dist-upgrade is performed, but only the packages are downloaded and not be installed.

If you want to install with a sledge-hammer everything, then remove the "-d" parameters.

Source


Can I boot from a USB if I have issues with my desktop's current OS?

As long as there is no physical damage to your system, USB drive or damage to BIOS, etc. it is unlikely you will loose the ability to boot from USB.

Edit: This is my experience in over ten years of booting flash drives.


I think this is what you want.

sudo apt-get install forked-daapd

Quick tip

When you're searching for a package like this, try the following command:

apt-cache search keyword-here

So for instance,

apt-cache search daapd

Gives this:

forked-daapd - media server with support for RSP, DAAP, DACP and AirTunes


Try to reset the desktop environment, if you are using unity then do this:

unity --reset

If that fails to solve the problem, then try to reinstall unity(I’m assuming you are using unity):

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install unity

Added:
If that fails, try to do the following, to completely reset all changes made by Compiz:

Install dconf-tools: sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Reset Compiz and Unity: dconf reset -f /org/compiz/

Reset Unity: setsid unity

If that also fails, then maybe deleting the settings files might help:

rm  -rf ~/.compiz-1
rm -rf ~/.config/compiz-1

Lastly, you could try the following:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools
dconf reset -f /org/compiz/
unity --reset-icons


Can I set up a virtual directory on Windows that links to a directory on Ubuntu?

I found this answer on Stack Overflow, which is incomplete.
With the latest version of WinSCP, you can "synchronize directories".  It's easy to set up.


External Monitor, Touch Pad, and Sound Not Working After Installing Ubuntu 20.04

I'm using Ubuntu 20.04 on a Lenovo Thinkbook 13s Gen 2 ITL and had similar problems. I solved the trackpad and external monitor issue by upgrading to the most recent kernel (other kernels likely work as well, but I did not test them). I'll post again when I figure out the sound issue.
One can find the kernel .deb packages at https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/ (using wget and dpkg to download and install). Because I'm less familiar with the kernel packages required, I used mainline, which is a fork of ukuu.
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cappelikan/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mainline

Launching mainline, I used the GUI to install kernel 5.10.2 (seems to be the most recent at the time of writing). Post install, a reboot is required.
I hope this helps you too. Cheers


What is the command for finding the USB memory stick's mount point or path?

I came up with one for the command of lsblk.  It uses the options of MOUNTPOINT and HOTPLUG to help identify.  HOTPLUG returns a 1 if the drive is removable like a USB drive.  sr0 type drives are removable / hotplug, but those are CD/DVD drives.  And I also stop loop devices since they show that they are removable / hotplug too.

The command I came up with is the following:

lsblk -o NAME,HOTPLUG,MOUNTPOINT | grep -w 1 | grep -vE "sr|loop" | awk '{print $3}'

Which can produce the following results, as I have a USB drive in.

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ lsblk -o NAME,HOTPLUG,MOUNTPOINT | grep -w 1 | grep -vE "sr|loop" | awk '{print $3}'

/media/terrance/E627-3C44

Which is the exact mount point of my USB drive plugged in.

NOTE: It looks as though Ubuntu 14.04 might not use the same options for lsblk so you can use the command with RM instead of HOTPLUG:

lsblk -o NAME,RM,MOUNTPOINT | grep -w 1 | grep -vE "sr|loop" | awk '{print $3}'

Or, you can use the TRAN type, I have tested in 16.04, which is device transport type.  Gives a different output that might be easier to script around.

lsblk -o NAME,TRAN,MOUNTPOINT

Which produces output like this:

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ lsblk -o NAME,TRAN,MOUNTPOINT
NAME   TRAN   MOUNTPOINT
loop1         /snap/canonical-livepatch/17
sdb    usb
└─sdb1        /media/terrance/E627-3C44
loop4         /snap/core/1441
sr0    sata
loop2         /snap/core/1287
loop0         /snap/canonical-livepatch/21
sda    sata
├─sda2
├─sda5        [SWAP]
└─sda1        /
loop3         /snap/core/1337

Since the MOINTPOINT is listed on the next line after the usb, we will use grep -A 1 to grab the next line and use awk '{print $2}' to print the second column of output on that line:

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ lsblk -o NAME,TRAN,MOUNTPOINT | grep -A 1 -w usb | grep -v usb | awk '{print $2}'
/media/terrance/E627-3C44

Hope this helps!


It looks like libOpenCL.so is provided by the ocl-icd-opencl-dev package. To install this package, run:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install ocl-icd-opencl-dev

Now libOpenCL.so should be located at /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libOpenCL.so


How do you run Ubuntu from USB on a Windows 8.1?

From Wikipedia

A live USB is a USB flash drive or a USB external hard disk drive containing a full operating system that can be booted. Live USBs are closely related to live CDs, but sometimes have the ability to persistently save settings and permanently install software packages back onto the USB device. Like live CDs, live USBs can be used in embedded systems for system administration, data recovery, or the testing of operating system distributions without committing to a permanent installation on the local hard disk drive.

Types of live USB devices

USB 2.0 flash drive
USB 3.0 flash drive
portable (small enough to fit in your pocket) external SSD
✔ external hard drive (SSD is much faster than HDD)

There are two types of Ubuntu installations on a USB flash drive, a full installation of Ubuntu on a USB flash drive and an Ubuntu live USB which is not a full installation of Ubuntu on a USB flash drive, also known as an Ubuntu live USB. Neither type of Ubuntu installation on a USB device is the equal of a dual boot-ed Ubuntu operating system due to performance and wear limitations inherent in USB flash drive media.

Full Installation of Ubuntu on a USB flash drive
The process of doing a full installation of Ubuntu to a USB flash drive is identical to installing Ubuntu on a hard drive except for the installing the GRUB bootloader. All of the steps to follow in the Ubuntu installer are identical except for installing the GRUB bootloader. Installing the GRUB bootloader on the USB flash drive will replace the existing GRUB bootloader on the hard drive which you don't want to do, unless you disconnect the cables to your hard drive(s) first before you start the Ubuntu installer to do a full installation of Ubuntu on a USB flash drive. So disconnect the hard drives first, then you can install Ubuntu on a USB flash drive.
You can alternatively do a full installation of Ubuntu on a USB flash drive without disconnecting the internal hard drive cables first by selecting the Something else option in the Installation type screen of the Ubuntu installer. You need to create only a single / partition (root partition), no swap partition, and change the installation of the grub bootloader to the USB flash drive. Double-check your partitioning choices that everything that will be changed is only changed on the USB flash drive, then click the Install Now button in the lower right corner.
Additional information about a full installation of Ubuntu on a USB flash drive.

I recommend that the USB flash drive be at least 32GB. This is consistent with the recommended >=25GB disk space for Ubuntu.
A USB 3.0 flash drive is a lot faster than a USB 2.0 flash drive.
The advantage of using a USB flash drive lies in its portability, not in its performance. The performance of a full install of Ubuntu on a 32GB USB flash drive is nothing like what you would get from running Ubuntu in a virtual machine application such as VirtualBox.

Ubuntu live USB
Is a full installation of Ubuntu on the USB flash drive what you wanted? Some people have suggested that what you wanted to do was to make an Ubuntu live USB which can also contain additional space for persistent file storage if necessary. An Ubuntu live USB session can be run after booting the USB flash drive without effecting any files on the C: drive. To make an Ubuntu live USB follow the instructions in How do I make a bootable Ubuntu USB?. To boot the Ubuntu live USB without automatically booting to Windows instead, follow the instructions in How to change boot priority?.


Only 1 of 4 websites is accessible outside the network?

http://rollpitch.com does not work, but https://rollpitch.com works. When you check from your phone you probably don't use https for three of the sites, but you do for the one that works.

The reason is simply that the web server doesn't appear to listen on port 80 (http), only 443 (https):

$ nmap -sV rollpitch.com
Starting Nmap 7.70 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2019-12-08 20:54 CET
Nmap scan report for rollpitch.com (95.70.136.144)
Host is up (0.076s latency).
rDNS record for 95.70.136.144: 144.136.70.95.dsl.dynamic.turk.net
Not shown: 997 filtered ports
PORT    STATE  SERVICE VERSION
22/tcp  open   ssh     OpenSSH 7.6p1 Ubuntu 4ubuntu0.3 (Ubuntu Linux; protocol 2.0)
25/tcp  closed smtp
443/tcp open   ssl/ssl Apache httpd (SSL-only mode)
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 21.17 seconds

Best practice today would be to listen to both http and https, and redirect all clear text traffic to https.


Opencv 3.1 compiled with FFMPEG, but won't open https urls

Eventually, I gave up on trying to install and reinstall opencv3.1, and switched to opencv 3.4.1. With that, and my current (as original question post) configuration for gstreamer and ffmpeg, I only had to create symlinks for libopencv_core.so.2.4 that gstreamer was looking for, and the rest of it worked fine.
Hope this helps someone!
I haven't managed to figure out what exactly was the issue with opencv3.1 (like I mentioned, that is the configuration my other colleagues have, and the functionality works just fine for them) but this is what I ended up doing after spending days on the issue.


Changing from Standard Ubuntu13.10 to Ubuntu Gnome 13.10?

it is not a problem. boot the live disk and in the partitioning menu select something else. then in the next tab, click the / partition and select change, and select as ext4 with a tick to format partition and select mount point as /. click the /home directory and do the same except for this time do not tick format the partition. the rest is the same install. it should not be a problem.


Mysql DB supports transaction. According to PEP-249:

"if the database supports an auto-commit feature, this must be initially off" and "closing a connection without committing the changes first will cause an implicit rollback to be performed".

You can

call mydb.commit() to commit your changes to the db

or

(nephente) set autocommit using mydb.autocommit(True)


failed to start dockerd after installing docker with snap

after some initial troubleshooting. i was able to find the RC myself. it seems apparmor blocked both grep: /proc/self/mountinfo and creating socket in /var/run/docker.sock

syslog.1:Nov 30 02:18:27 ubuntu-xenial kernel: [ 5359.923039] audit: type=1400 audit(1480472307.476:349): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.docker.dockerd" name="/proc/19448/mountinfo" pid=19448 comm="umount" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=0 ouid=0
syslog.1:Nov 30 02:18:27 ubuntu-xenial kernel: [ 5359.923053] audit: type=1400 audit(1480472307.476:350): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.docker.dockerd" name="/proc/19448/mounts" pid=19448 comm="umount" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=0 ouid=0
syslog.1:Nov 30 02:38:28 ubuntu-xenial kernel: [ 6560.900141] audit: type=1400 audit(1480473508.452:362): apparmor="DENIED" operation="connect" profile="snap.docker.docker" name="/run/docker.sock" pid=20591 comm="docker" requested_mask="wr" denied_mask="wr" fsuid=0 ouid=0

But why is that. why 16.04 got the default apparmor profile shipped (in /var/lib/snapd/apparmor/profiles/snap.docker.docker) that would block dockerd daemon from starting.


Is there a log of package management activity like recent removals?

It seems that it can be found in /var/log/dpkg.log! :) Should have guessed..


This is not a solution, but an attempt to bring some light on the topic.

There does not exist as many dictionaries for spellchecking as the number of options showed. If you for example run the command

ls /usr/share/hunspell

you see that the folder includes quite a few symlinks. Those symlinks have been installed by the various packages which install the dictionaries, and I suppose the reason is that the applications should be able to find a suitable dictionary based on the current locale (the value of the LANG variable).

It would be possible to limit the number of variants by deleting symlinks in the just mentioned folder and some other related folders. But it's indeed not a good idea, since they will be reinstalled next time respective package is updated.

I don't think there is an easy solution to this issue.