How to get rid of bookmarks in synced Chromium

Actually, after looking at several responses via Google searches and spending hours looking at my problem with imported bookmarks creating one folder per website I had in my bookmarks, it appears I finally fixed the problem.  Here's what I did to fix it.  Hope it works for you as well and saves you some time looking for a solution.

I am using Windows 7 OS.  Please note that these steps will delete ALL Google Chrome bookmarks from your browser.  Then, you will import from IE (or whatever browser you choose) so you have a clean copy without duplicate bookmarks being shown in Chrome.  Please note the steps are easy.  I just broke them down to be very specific and clear in several steps for better results.

If you have more than one computer with this problem, then do these steps on all computers at the same time.  Otherwise, bookmarks on one computer will mess up the others when you Sign in to Chrome (and you'll have duplicates again).

1)  Go to the Chrome menu, using the icon in the upper right corner, and select Settings.  In the Sign In section, click on the "Google Dashboard" link.

2)  On the Google Dashboard screen, press the "Stop and Clear" button, then confirm by selecting "OK" on the next window.

3)  After the Google Dashboard clear is complete, on the Settings screen, press the "Disconnect your Google Account..." button.  Then, confirm with "Disconnect account" on the next window.

4)  Exit out of ALL Chrome browser windows.

5)  Go to your C: Drive and search for "Bookmarks" in the Search field.

6)  Right click on the result that says "C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default" and select the "Open File Location" menu item.

7)  Delete the Bookmarks and Bookmarks.bak files.

8)  Open a Chrome browser window.  You will notice there are no bookmarks, but there is a link at the top stating that you can Import your bookmarks.  Click on that link and follow the prompts to import from whatever browser window you choose.  Your bookmarks will be shown once they have all been imported.

9)  On the Settings screen, press the "Sign in to Chrome" button, then enter your Google email and password.  Then, confirm with "OK, sync everything" on the next window.

10)  There you go...  Now the bookmarks should be correct and they are now uploaded to your Google Account for easy syncing to other computers.  You may want to turn off syncing temporarily or permanently to preserve your bookmark list.

Enjoy your day.  I know I will now that I finally figured this out!


Allow Remote Users to Add/Remove Printers

This same issue was also giving me conniptions!  I have a very similar configuration and experienced the inability to unlock printer settings when running a remote session from RDP on Windows.  As you noted, the guidance from researching the existing materials wasn't particularly helpful either.  It only got me to about the same place as you—i.e., not quite solving the issue completely.  One would think modifying printers remotely is such a common task so as to have a solution in place already ... but apparently not.
However, just today, it seems like I've identified the final step that's needed to get over the finish line.  It's only a minor adjustment from what you had, but the result is the ability to unlock printer settings remotely.  The location of the pkla file is the same as what you already have.  Any filename seems to be ok—I happen to use "99-printing.pkla".  The slightly modified file contents is as follows:
[Modify printers remotely]
Identity=unix-user:{remote_user}
Action=org.opensuse.cupspkhelper.mechanism.*
ResultAny=auth_admin_keep
ResultInactive=auth_admin_keep
ResultActive=auth_admin_keep

Note that polkit will recognize these settings immediately once the pkla file is created in the directory given above.
Once the pkla file is in place, in subsequent remote sessions the user will be able to unlock the printer settings by authenticating.  If authenticating is deemed unnecessary, just replace each instance of "auth_admin_keep" in the pkla file with "yes" and the unlock step can be bypassed completely instead.
I hope this is useful!


How to install the latest version of google earth on ubuntu 12.10 64-bit?

A quick google search shows this link: http://www.liberiangeek.net/2012/10/install-google-earth-in-ubuntu-12-10-quantal-quetzal/ which describes how to install Google Earth on Ubuntu 12.10 64-bit addition.  Not quite sure if it is reliable or not, but was the first search.

Jonathan


Bash script to calculate remaining day counts for domain expire

First, your grep wont work if expiration date description is something like 'Expires on:' or 'Expiry Date:'. So, let's grep with a pattern like this : grep -iE 'expir.*date|expir.*on'. Of course this may have to be involved.
head -1 is for limiting result to 1 line
The grep will result in an output of like this:
Expiry Date: 2020-08-10T07:47:34Z
So we need to keep only the last word with another grep : grep -oE '[^ ]+$'

The date conversion to seconds and the final calculation have some issues. Find them in the corrected script below

#!/bin/bash
target=$1
# Get the expiration date
expdate=$(whois $1 | grep -iE 'expir.*date|expir.*on' | head -1 | grep -oE '[^ ]+$')
# Turn it into seconds (easier to compute with)
expdate=$(date -d"$expdate" +%s)
# Get the current date in seconds
curdate=$(date +%s)
# Print the difference in days
echo $(((expdate-curdate)/86400))


Well, there seems to be different issues. Let me state a solution to "I cannot get the two OS's to talk to each other"

One choice to let VirtualBox Guests communicate to each other is "Host-only Adapter" configuration. The default network is 192.168.56.0/255.255.255.0
How to use it with the VirtualBox GUI:
1) open the Settings for you Virtual Guest
2) click on "Network"
3) "Adapter 1" can be set to "Attached to: NAT" this is okay for internet access
4) choose tab "Adapter 2" and choose "Attached to: Host-only Adapter". Use "Name: vboxnet0"
5) click the okay button to setup your configuration to the guest.

You have to make sure that "vboxnet0" is setup in a proper way.
To do so you have to press "Ctr+G" or go to the Main-Menu "File" --> "Preferences"
Choose "Network" --> "Host-only Networks"
From here you should see "vboxnet0". If you double-click it opens a new window. Here you should see the ip 192.168.56.1 -- this is for you Host-System. Your VirtualBox Guest will get an address from DHCP. So click on the tab "DHCP Server" to check this. You can remember the range and configure later on a static 192.168.56.x address outside of this range.
After you started the guest system and do a console login you should see a new device with a 192.168.56.x IP address (ifconfig -a).
If so your configuration was successful.


How to setup PHPMyAdmin as SubDomain on Apache 2.4.7?

Follow these steps. I'm going to use 'example' as the file/subdomain name. You can name it something like 'phpmyadmin'

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/example.conf

Add this inside example.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin user@domain.com
    ServerName domain.com
    ServerAlias example.domain.com
    DocumentRoot /usr/share/phpmyadmin

        <Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin>
            Require all granted
        </Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

</VirtualHost>

Save the file and then from your terminal run

sudo a2ensite example.conf

Now just restart apache2

sudo service apache2 reload

That's all you have to do for it to work in Ubuntu 14.04 with Apache 2.4.7 and to get to your PHPMyAdmin just type this in your browser.

http://example.domain.com


Took ubuntu hard drive out of hp laptop and put it in a dell inspiron 1525 now I have no wifi

First make sure that the computer even has a WIFI module in it. If it does try to bring the driver back to the most basic driver then update it back up to the correct modern driver.


Can i install Ubuntu 13.04 on a Samsung NP355V5C (Windows 8 preinstalled) laptop?

This problem has been worked around in recent kernels; however, I'm not sure of the state of the kernel that Ubuntu 13.04 will install initially, so at the very least, you should immediately upgrade your kernel to the latest version.

This problem has been getting a lot of coverage here lately, but because the issue is fast-changing, older answers may be inaccurate. Some relatively recent ones are:

Is it safe to install Ubuntu 64 Bit 12.10 in EFI mode on Samsung series 7 WIndows 8 laptop?
Ubuntu on Samsung Series 5
Does Ubuntu still brick certain devices?
Can't boot Ubuntu or Windows 8 after Ubuntu 64-bit install on Samsung series 7 Windows 8 laptop, error "All boot options are tried."


Alright I found the answer, it turns out that most of my RAM was full of cached memory. If you set up a cronjob to clear cached memory every hour or so kswapd0 never appears again.


Which package provides GNOME's config utility?

gconf-editor

Tool to edit otherwise unexposed gconf entries.

The GNOME gconf database is used to store preferences for applications across
the database; however, not all of these preferences are exposed in the normal
preference dialogs. Gconf Editor allows you to easily edit these other
settings.

To toggle from command line:

gconftool-2 --type boolean --set /apps/gnome-session/options/auto_save_session true

gconftool-2 --type boolean --set /apps/gnome-session/options/auto_save_session false


Access Ubuntu Touch 14.10 storage from PC

The MTP export works by default (no need to enter development mode) as long as the phone is unlocked.

If you have 14.04 you are probably missing the fuse rules, so to add them follow this guide (my  BQ Aquaris 4.5 UE product Id is 2a47/2008), you see it at end of dmesg after plugging in the phone.
Still working on a way to expose it as usb-storage


Grub2 ERROR: no such partition on boot 13.0.4

I found the easiest way to deal with the issue was to delete my Ubuntu and reinstall.  I tried everything I could think of to restore the hybrid MBR but none of it made any difference.


Did you update your grub ? If you don't , type

sudo update-grub


For a fast screenshot you could use the command-line program scrot. Using it is simple:
scrot filename.png -s
with the -s option allowing to grab a selection of the screen.

Unfortunately, I don't know how you can redirect output to the clipboard.

Another option is the use of xwd. However, this one does not allow interactive selection of the region to take a picture of.

EDIT: I always forget about this easier way. If you have Gimp installed, it is very easy to grab a screenshot by using File>Create>Screenshot. It is very fast and you can edit your screenshot right away or copy to clipboard.


Backup bash script is not gzipping its tarball

Is the partition where backup is located at its limits?

Your script has created the tarball, but gzip didn't have any space left to compress it.

(you can combine both commands with -z flag for tar)

Woops, I forgot one thing: add -v flag to your tar command. It will display what it does.


Issues with Installing libgnutls30 (>= 3.5.3)

You seem to be running a mix of repositories for Xenial (16.04) and Yakkety (16.10).  In particular, your system wants to install version 3.4.10 of libgnutls30, which is from the Xenial archives, but the version of FileZilla you are trying to download (3.25.1) is from a Yakkety archive and requires a newer version of libgnutls.

You should examine your sources and determine which version of Ubuntu you are really running (Yakkety is end-of-life) and set the sources in a manner appropriate for your OS.


How to turn numlock on by default on startup on ubuntu 10.04 using LXDE?

Have you tried editing /etc/xdg/lubuntu/lxdm/lxdm.conf instead?

Uncomment # numlock=0 and make it numlock=1

Worked for me :)

More Info:

You need to have "admin" permission (a.k.a. root, or sudo) to make the change, so use...

Works for Lubuntu 16.04:

Go to your "Start button" > System Tools > LXTerminal

In terminal, type: sudo pcmanfm

After entering your password a new folder window will open, it gives you admin/root permission. Click "Up" arrow twice to find /etc folder.

Then navigate to /etc/xdg/lubuntu/lxdm/lxdm.conf

Right-click on lxdm.conf and choose Leafpad to edit and make changes.

To make changes, replace # numlock=0 with numlock=1

Now click Save, and close Leafpad. Done.

You no longer have admin/root permission after window is closed.
To "Uncomment" simply means removing # symbol, which will "activate" the command.


Ubuntu 18.04 only boots in Recovery mode

The 4.15.0-54 kernel came out late last month:

$ ll /boot/*4.15.0-54*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   217286 Jun 24 08:45 /boot/config-4.15.0-54-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 62979768 Jun 29 09:19 /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-54-generic
-rw------- 1 root root  4050903 Jun 24 08:45 /boot/System.map-4.15.0-54-generic
-rw------- 1 root root  8140856 Jun 25 06:23 /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-54-generic

The easiest first step to try is rebooting and selecting the previous kernel version which hopefully still works:

In this facsimile of the grub menu on my system I would:

first go into Advanced options for Ubuntu
and then select Ubuntu, with Linux 4.15.0-52-generic


Installed Ubuntu but can't change installed files

You have to run chmod command as root. To do this use the command like this:

sudo chmod o+w fileName

With this command you add write permission to "other". Then you have to type your username and password.

"o" is the option for other and you add write permission with "w". Here are other options:

u - owner
g - group
o - other
a - all

You can read more here.


why is "export PATH" displayed in terminal as a title?

Likely what happened is you concatenated two separate echo commands on a single line, causing the second command (complete with the echo) to get written to the file (instead of the output of the command).

Open your ~/.bashrc file in any text editor, and replace the line echo export PATH by plain export PATH
It's a list of directories that are searched (in order) for the command, rather than a direct shortcut to it
Put the commands on separate lines next time, like

echo "PATH=\$PATH:/opt/Xilinx/14.7/ISE_DS/ISE/bin/lin64/" >> ~/.bashrc

then

echo "export PATH" >> ~/.bashrc


I have Kmail 5.4.3 and get search results in my folders.  I upgraded from Kubuntu 16.04 to 17.04 and installed KDE PIM 16.12.3 update which includes Kmail. I don't know if the update is compatible with Kubuntu 16.04

The backports package you installed is for Plasma (KDE's desktop environment) not Kmail.


Ubuntu13.10 64 bit installed alongside windows 7 32bit doesn't boot

It is not a problem,you can install 64 bitUbuntu along with 32 bit windows but it must be a 64 bit machine.Try the below steps to get back your ubuntu os without data loss.

Log in into your windows 7 os.Download and install EasyBCD from here.

Under linux section add a boot entry for your Ubuntu Partition.And also add entry for your windows 7 partition.

reboot

Or
try boot-repair disk .If it was a 64 bitmachine,you can download 64 bit version of boot-repair-disk.


Why conio.h Isn't Available
g_p mostly answered this in a comment:

conio.h is not present in Linux. You need to use curses or ncurses. But if you are getting error likefatal error: curses.h: No such file or directory', it means this library is not installed.

For more information on conio.h (and how it's DOS/Windows specific), see the Wikipedia article on it.
Why ncurses.h Wasn't Available, and How To Fix It
As for ncurses, it's necessary to install the libncurses5-dev  (or libncursesw5-dev ) package, and then pass the -lncurses argument to gcc when compiling, for example:
gcc -Wall -g -o hello hello.c -lncurses
See How do I create simplistic window-like elements in a command-line program? (and its sources) for more information.


No panel, no window title bar, no unity launcher, can't move and resize windows

I have ubuntu 16.04 and these are the steps that worked for me:

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install –reinstall ubuntu-desktop
$ sudo apt-get install unity
$ rm -rf ~/.cache/compizconfig-1
$ sudo shutdown -r now


WiFi not being detected on Ubuntu 14.04 on a HP Laptop

I guess you might have missed to disable the secure boot option. Reinstall the bcmwl-kernel-source package.

    $sudo apt-get install --reinstall bcmwl-kernel-source

And the focus on setting the password for disabling secure BOOT.

You then need to restart your system, and press any key to enter into the configuration mode. This screen will only be there for few seconds, so keep your focus while restarting.

You then need to toggle the secure boot option to disable and it will ask for the password you set will installing bcmwl-kernel-source package. It will not directly ask for the password, but ask only certain characters of your password,

For e.g.: Enter Character 2, Enter Character 5, etc.

After that confirmation, the system will boot normally and WiFi drivers should be loaded on your Ubuntu.!

Happy Networking!


Remote connections between Linux machines in general

Your question is so general to answer however there is a lot of way to transferring data in network. It also depends on what type of data you are going to transfer.
In nutshell for transferring file you need setup FTP server which most favorite FTP server in Linux is VSFTP , you can install it on Ubuntu by :

sudo apt install vsftpd

Also another way is transferring data over SSH. There is some favorite tools like scp or rsyncwhich need to setup ssh server on both computers. Moreover you need basic knowledge for configuring the network. Tool for configuring Ubuntu is nmcli and for run-time configuration ip command.

If there is windows system computer in network, you also can samba service for communicating with windows hosts but basically setting up FTP server is more desirable due to is acceptable by all of operating systems. For providing security to your FTP server you can use chroot in FTP configuration.


db5 error(-30969) from dbenv->open: BDB0091 DB_VERSION_MISMATCH: Database environment version mismatch

This has nothing to do with Oracle. Remove ~/.rpmdb/ directory and try again.


I had somewhat similar problems but Power Management stuff worked for me. Every time the signal power of the Wifi (to which my device was connected) dropped, the device just disconnected from the network. Hope it works for you too.

To turn off the Power Management, first check output of the iwconfig command.

$ iwconfig

enp7s0    no wireless extensions.

lo        no wireless extensions.

wlp6s0    IEEE 802.11abgn  ESSID:"Avni.LoveLace"
          Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.442 GHz  Access Point: C8:D7:79:A1:CE:E4
          Bit Rate=72.2 Mb/s   Tx-Power=22 dBm
          Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:on
          Link Quality=61/70  Signal level=-49 dBm
          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:722   Missed beacon:0

Look for Power Management:on, then turn it off by typing

iwconfig wlp6s0 power off

where wlp6s0 is the wireless interface.

It sometimes works sometimes not. If this doesn't helps you, you need to change the Network Configurations for Power Management.

Editing powersave values in /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf

Possible values of powersave are:

NM_SETTING_WIRELESS_POWERSAVE_DEFAULT (0): use the default value
NM_SETTING_WIRELESS_POWERSAVE_IGNORE (1): don't touch existing setting
NM_SETTING_WIRELESS_POWERSAVE_DISABLE (2): disable powersave
NM_SETTING_WIRELESS_POWERSAVE_ENABLE (3): enable powersave

Open the file and edit powersave value from whatever it is to 2. That will disable the powersave. By default there is

wifi.powersave = 3

Just change it to a value of 2.

wifi.powersave = 2

Save it and Reboot the System and you're done !
Creating a blacklist file for Wireless Power Management

This is well explained by @sagarchalise 's answer on the topic

I think one of these method should work for you, If it's something wrong with Wireless Power Management. If not, then feel free to edit to add more stuff into it.


What are the exact steps for setting up file sharing between ubuntu computers?

Browse to the folder you want to share in Nautilus on the 15.04 machine
Right click on Properties
Click on the Local Network Share tab
Tick "Share this folder"
Tick "Allow others to create and delete files in this folder"
Tick "Guest access"
Close all, reboot both computers
On the 12.04 computer, open a Nautilus window and type Control-L
In the box that opens at the top, type (no quotes) "smb://192.168.[rest of 15.04 machine's URL]"
The folder you shared should be displayed in Nautilus

If any steps do not work, reply back with exact details.  Some assumptions about your configuration have been made, that may need to be corrected.


How to set proxy settings in ubuntu software center?

As Mahyar Pasarzangene said, you can set the proxy using System settings -> Network -> Network Proxy and then choosing "Manual" proxy and setting your host and port no. and then applying the settings system-wide.

However, if you are using authenticated proxy, i.e. you have a username and password for your proxy, you need to set it as follows:

Open a terminal(Ctrl+Alt+t) and then type the following:

sudo nano /etc/apt/apt.conf

and set your username and password as follows:

Acquire::http::proxy "http://username:password@host:port_no/";
Acquire::https::proxy "https://username:password@host:port_no/";
Acquire::ftp::proxy "ftp://username:password@host:port_no/";
Acquire::socks::proxy "socks://username:password@host:port_no/";

You will not have username@password when you open this document, but you should put your username and password as shown above, separated by a : and then separated by @ with the host.

If you have any special characters in your password, replace it with its HTML code.


Check some possible reasons:

Hard disk moved in another computer or updated motherboard/cpu
grub pointing to wrong kernel
you are trying to run from wrong ubuntu cd image


Youtube web app not working in Ubuntu 12.10

Have you installed the webapps feature and added it'd PPA before that?

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webapps/preview
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install unity-webapps-preview

Try that and then logout and back in to see if it works!


"ctrl+space" has been bound to invoke some input method and does not work in Emacs or Eclipse auto-complete

It sounds like you have Ibus running, which uses Ctrl + Space by default to enable/disable the input editor.

You can change the shortcut key assigned to it in Ibus Preferences.

If Ibus is running in the menubar, you can right-click to choose Preference from the menu. If Ibus is not running in the menubar, you can start the Preferences dialog from the Dash by running Keyboard Input Methods or from the terminal with ibus-setup.

Update for 14.04

ibus-setup is no longer available for 14.04. Functions from the former ibus-setup are instead integrated into System Settings >> Text Entry.

Input switching is now set by default to Super + Space, but Ibus may still steal focus from the Control + Space keybinding and cause other system problems, most notably the auto-complete in Eclipse.

Integration of Ibus input switching into the new Text Entry settings is still a work in progress, and this is causing the problem since the older setting still exists behind the scenes.

If you have upgraded from 12.04, ibus-settings should still be available.

In 14.04, you can edit the settings directly is dconf-editor.

If it is not installed:

sudo apt install dconf-editor

Then browse to Desktop >> ibus >> general >> hotkey. The trigger and triggers setting will still show 'control+space'. Edit these settings out, being careful to leave empty brackets [] in triggers.


Creating & running Windows virtual machines?

VirtualBox

Originally a commercial product VirtualBox is now open source. The open source version  lacks only few features. Having said that VirtualBox is still a great virtualization tool and future versions look very promising. Like all other virtualization software VirtualBox allows you to run a guest operating systems on your PC, in this case either Windows or Linux based. The guest operating system support covers most Windows (including Vista) and Linux versions as well as OS/2 Warp, OpenBSD and FreeBSD.

VirtualBox is a stable tool with performance similar to it's commercial counter pieces. A product well worth trying out

Xen

Xen is state-of-the-art virtualization on the PC - and it is even open source. With a high performance mainly due to it's architecture with the hypervisor and it's support for hardware virtualization - Xen sets a new standard for virtualization software. Already used in many data centers Xen has shown that it is stable and a product you can rely upon. It matches almost any feature you get from commercial virtualization software - but includes the most advanced such as virtual machine relocation and per virtual machine resource guarantees.

OpenVZ

OpenVZ is a great alternative to standard virtualization offerings on the market, that unlike most other products only offers operating system level virtualization - and only on Linux. However, this is also it's strength - but no providing a complete virtual pc to run any operating system, OpenVZ's shared operating system provides better utilization of your server hardware.
Every virtual server running under OpenVZ has full root access, but OpenVZ makes sure that there are no conflicts between the different virtual server. Thus, each server has it's own IP addresses, dedicated memory, application, libraries and so on.
OpenVZ is backed by SWsoft and could be considered an open source edition of the Virtuozzo product.

Cooperative Linux
coLinux is an extremely interesting new approach to virtualization allowing you to run Linux parallel to your Windows platform. coLinux approaches the experimenting Linux novice - who does not actually want to install the operating system on a fresh machine. Another target group is the Linux enthusiast, in that coLinux also makes it possible for him to run Linux on his Windows machine without using a standard virtualization product with large requirements to system resources.
coLinux seems to be a promising ongoing project - and a worthy competitor to other virtualization products on the market. It might not be completely fool proof for beginners, but it may become more so as it matures.

Source


Does chmod 700 hides directory from other users or just restrict them to display files inside the directory?

Your current directory tree is something like:

/home/me/project/
/home/me/project/code/
/home/me/project/confidential/

You cannot hide the confidential directory, if you want other users to be able to find out and access any directory besides confidential. The parent directory (/home/me/project/) obviously needs read and execute permission to other users, for them to be able to list the contents of the project directory and find out that a directory named code exits. For this reason they can find out that another directory (called confidential) is present besides the code directory.

To completely hide the directory confidential, you can put it into another sub-directory (say /home/me/project/etc/) and give 700 permission to it (the etc directory). This way, the other users will see the etc directory, but will not be able to change into it or list it (or any of its sub-directories). So the confidential directory will be completely hidden.

Another option may be this:

chmod 711 /home/me/project/
chmod 700 /home/me/project/confidential/

This way, you prevent other users to read the contents of the project directory: ls -l /home/me/project/ will give Permission denied error. But, they will be able the change to the project directory or any other sub-directory they know it exists and list it: ls /home/me/project/code will work, provided the code directory has the "normal" (755) permissions.

However, in this configuration, note that the outputs of the following commands the other users may be able to run:

$ ls /home/me/project/confidential
ls: cannot open directory '/home/me/project/confidential': Permission denied
$ ls /home/me/project/other
ls: cannot access '/home/me/project/other': No such file or directory

So, even this solution may not be perfect, because the other users may be able to determine the name of the hidden directory by trial and error.


@Photo Larry pretty much hit the nail on the head! I am going to give an answer based on his that will be easy to understand and follow.

Your first step is to install PMA (phpMyAdmin) from the official Ubuntu repo: apt-get install phpmyadmin.
Next, cd into usr/share directory: cd /usr/share.
Third, remove the phpmyadmin directory: rm -rf phpmyadmin.
Now we need to download the latest PMA version onto our system (Note that you need wget: apt-get install wget): wget -P /usr/share/ "https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.8.2/phpMyAdmin-4.8.2-english.zip"
Let me explain the arguments of this command, -P defines the path and "the link.zip" is currently (7/17/18) the latest version of PMA. You can find those links HERE.
For this next step you need unzip (apt-get install unzip): unzip phpMyAdmin-4.8.2-english.zip. We just unzipped PMA, now we will move it to it's final home.
Lets use the cp (copy) command to move our files! Note that we have to add the -r argument since this is a folder. cp -r phpMyAdmin-4.8.2-english phpmyadmin.
Now it's time to clean up: rm -rf phpMyAdmin-4.8.2-english.

Keep Reading!
You might now notice two errors after you log into PMA.
the configuration file now needs a secret passphrase (blowfish_secret). phpmyadmin
The $cfg['TempDir'] (./tmp/) is not accessible. phpMyAdmin is not able to cache templates and will be slow because of this.

However, these issues are relatively easy to fix. For the first issue all you have to do is grab your editor of choice and edit /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php but there's a problem, we removed it! That's ok, all you have to do is: cd /usr/share/phpmyadmin & cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php.

We will now add our Blowfish Secret! nano config.inc.php and copy the secure secret from: https://phpsolved.com/phpmyadmin-blowfish-secret-generator/.

Example phpMyAdmin Blowfish Secret Variable Entry:
/*
 * This is needed for cookie based authentication to encrypt password in
 * cookie
 */
$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = '{^QP+-(3mlHy+Gd~FE3mN{gIATs^1lX+T=KVYv{ubK*U0V';
/* YOU MUST FILL IN THIS FOR COOKIE AUTH! */

Now save and close the file.

Now we will create a tmp directory for PMA: mkdir tmp & chown -R www-data:www-data /usr/share/phpmyadmin/tmp. The last command allows the Apache web server to own the tmp directory and edit it's contents.

EDIT Dec 12, 2018
You don't want someone to steal your cookies, now do you?
It has been brought to my attention that https://www.question-defense.com/tools/phpmyadmin-blowfish-secret-generator causes errors on older versions on PMA. However, the main reason I discourage you to use websites like this is because you have no idea whether they use a weak PRNG (Pseudo-Random Number Generator) (e.g. rand(), mt_rand(), and lcg_value()) or one of the "shuffling" functions (e.g. str_shuffle(), shuffle(), array_rand()). As such, I made my own tool for this purpose. It generates a cryptographically secure 32 character string you can use without concern for security or errors! PHP man page for function I use to generate the randomness http://php.net/manual/en/function.random-int.php. I replaced the old link with this one: https://www.motorsportdiesel.com/tools/blowfish-salt/pma/.
EDIT Sep 11, 2020
I have changed the blowfish generator link as the old one is no longer reachable.


How do I update my software and updates?

Try this.

Get update software list, enter:

  $ sudo apt-get update

Update software(s) i.e. apply updates and patches on Ubuntu Linux

  $ sudo apt-get upgrade


Ubuntu Gnome 17.04 customize file explorer

There are two answers to your question, because Gnome Files has two sections in the Files sidebar:

The top section lists some of the default folders such as Home, Documents, Downloads, etc. This section is managed through a tool called xdg-user-dirs and a related configuration file located at $HOME/.config/user-dirs.dirs. To my knowledge, you can only really edit (show/hide) just these default folders. More information about xdg-user-dirs is available here.
The bottom section in Gnome Files is the bookmarks list. This is probably more what you want, as you can add locations to this list by permanently bookmarking them. For example, I have bookmarks to some of my most used network resources and local folders. To manage your bookmarks, watch this quick YouTube video.


How could one export from a sourced script only specific functions

You can use process substitution, so that use would look like:

use() {
  . <(. ./hello_world.sh; declare -f "$@")
}

Side note:

declare is not POSIX, /bin/sh may not support it, so use.sh shouldn't have /bin/sh in the shebang. (Not that it matters much, since use.sh is sourced instead of executed.)


GPG "NO_PUBKEY" errors for Libreoffice and Mozilla PPAs

sudo apt-key adv --recv-key --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 83FBA1751378B444
sudo apt-key adv --recv-key --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 1015216E75198A89

How do I fix the GPG error "NO_PUBKEY"?


Ubuntu18.04 unattended install stuck at "Welcome/Language selection"

You are using the Live DVD and automation does not work (27/11/2018) you need to use the non-Live DVD.  http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/18.04/release/

I had exactly the same issue until i saw this https://askubuntu.com/a/1037088/497218

For those that are not sure:  The Live DVD has the kernel @ /casper/vmlinuz where as the non-Live DVD has it at /install/vmlinuz - you would see this in your txt.cfg file.


12.04 losing display settings on startup

On Ubuntu, using the drivers from Nvidia's website is likely to cause more problems than it solves (not the least of which being that it's a PITA to install to begin with).

On my system, there tends to be three Nvidia drivers, in addition to the generic one. An experimental, a stable, and a stable tested. I'd recommend trying one of the others and see if that makes a difference.

Also, keep an eye on updates and see if there's a kernel or Nvidia driver update that corresponds with your issue. Keep notes of what was going on before you shut down before the issues and see if you find any patterns.


To create a dual-boot system: which OS should I install first?

According to this answer:

"You should install Windows first, because Windows wipes out GRUB if Ubuntu is installed first, so in short you won't be able to boot your machine into Ubuntu, unless you re-install GRUB from a Ubuntu live USB stick.

As for partitioning, you need two separate partitions; because every OS uses a different file system, namely ext4 for Ubuntu and NTFS for Windows, I suggest partitioning using gparted from a Ubuntu live USB stick, install Windows then install Ubuntu."


Raid1 fail dev not suitable for any style of array

Answer is during creation of partitions I choose default Extended, to force madm to work both partitions have to be in type "Linux raid autodetected" (fdisk type fd).

Hope it will help people with similar issues


Custom (editable) message for each user after login

You can do that in the following setup, which will produce a semi- transparent window, staying for an arbitrary time:

Create in a (any) directory, in which each of the users at least has read permissions, for each user a message file, exactly named after each user's username (log in name), no extension, e.g.

jacob

Add text to the file as your message. If you add a new message, start with ###, the script will then automatically display the last message. The text can contain anything you like, it will look exactly like you put it in the file.

The latest message, will be copied as latest_message.txt to the user's home directory for reference.
As it is, the window will stay for 15 seconds, but you can set it to any value, even make it automatically depend on the length of the text.

An example file could look like:

Vraag:
Een aap op een fiets, hoe vind je zoiets?

Opdracht:
Geef antwoord op de vraag!

###
Vraag:
Hoe is de koffie vandaag?

Opdracht:
Zet het zelf even als het niet te drinken is!

The message then would look like:

Copy the script below into an empty file, edit in the head section of your script the path to the folder in which you store the user(s) messages. Save the script as show_personalmessage in (e.g.) /usr/local/bin (which should be in $PATH and make it executable(!) (no extension)

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import os
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import GObject, Gtk, Gdk, Pango
from threading import Thread
import time
import getpass

# --- set the path to the message files below, filename = username
filedir = "/home/jacob/Bureaublad"
# --- set the time to show the window below
showtime = 15
# ---

# don't change anything below
user = getpass.getuser()
currmessage = os.environ["HOME"]+"/latest_message.txt"
f = filedir+"/"+user
text = "Welcome "+user+"\n\n"+open(f).read().split("###")[-1]
open(currmessage, "wt").write(text)

class Splash(Gtk.Window):

    def __init__(self):
        Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="splashtitle")
        maingrid = Gtk.Grid()
        self.add(maingrid)
        maingrid.set_border_width(80)
        # set text for the spash window
        label = Gtk.Label(text)
        label.modify_font(Pango.FontDescription('Ubuntu 12'))
        maingrid.attach(label, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        self.stop = Thread(target=self.close_window)
        self.stop.start()

    def close_window(self):
        time.sleep(showtime)
        Gtk.main_quit()

def splashwindow():
    window = Splash()
    window.set_decorated(False)
    window.set_resizable(False)
    window.override_background_color(Gtk.StateType.NORMAL, Gdk.RGBA(0,0,0,1))
    window.modify_fg(Gtk.StateFlags.NORMAL, Gdk.color_parse("grey"))
    window.set_opacity(0.8)
    window.set_position(Gtk.WindowPosition.CENTER)
    window.show_all()
    GObject.threads_init()
    Gtk.main()

splashwindow()

Create a launcher in /etc/xdg/autostart

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=Splash
Exec=/bin/bash -c "sleep 10 && show_personalmessage"

The sleep 10 is to make sure the desktop is "ready" to open the window.

Explanation

Launchers in /etc/xdg/autostart run commands for each user on log in.
The launcher then runs the window (called by the command show_personalmessage), which looks for the personalized message in the directory you defined. Additionally. The most recent message is copied to the user's home directory.
If required, the path to the message can be altered, even be made user specific by using the getpass -module, so that the script (window) will look for a user- specific named file in a directory. Please mention if that would be required.

Additionally

The (Gtk) window

can be made to stay below everything, as if it would be part of the background
can be made stay on top of everything
can be made closeable

etc, etc...

EDIT

To save time writing messages, as discussed in chat, below a version of the script in which you can include a few "permanent" sections:

premsg, which should be just below "Welcome user x", and the body of your message, and
postmsg, which comes as the bottom section of your message.

Both sections can be set to none, just by setting "" as a value.

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import os
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import GObject, Gtk, Gdk, Pango
from threading import Thread
import time
import getpass

# --- set the path to the message files below, filename = username
filedir = "/path/to/message_directory"
# --- set the time to show the window below
showtime = 15
# --- set pre-message below. set premessage = "" for no pre-message
premsg = """We assume you read all 3782 instruction pages on how to use
Ubuntu before you push any button on this computer.
"""
# --- set post-message below. set postmessage = "" for no post-message
postmsg = """Before you go to sleep tonight, make sure to brush your
teeth for at least half an hour
"""

# --- don't change anything below
user = getpass.getuser()
currmessage = os.environ["HOME"]+"/latest_message.txt"
f = filedir+"/"+user

text = "Welcome "+user+"\n\n"+premsg+"\n"+open(f).read().split("###")[-1]+"\n"+postmsg

open(currmessage, "wt").write(text)

class Splash(Gtk.Window):

    def __init__(self):
        Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="splashtitle")
        maingrid = Gtk.Grid()
        self.add(maingrid)
        maingrid.set_border_width(80)
        # set text for the spash window
        label = Gtk.Label(text)
        label.modify_font(Pango.FontDescription('Ubuntu 12'))
        maingrid.attach(label, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        self.stop = Thread(target=self.close_window)
        self.stop.start()

    def close_window(self):
        time.sleep(showtime)
        Gtk.main_quit()

def splashwindow():
    window = Splash()
    window.set_decorated(False)
    window.set_resizable(False)
    window.override_background_color(Gtk.StateType.NORMAL, Gdk.RGBA(0,0,0,1))
    window.modify_fg(Gtk.StateFlags.NORMAL, Gdk.color_parse("white"))
    window.set_opacity(0.8)
    window.set_position(Gtk.WindowPosition.CENTER)
    window.show_all()
    GObject.threads_init()
    Gtk.main()

splashwindow()

Note

Of course, just like the message body, yoy can alter the script to read the pre- and post messages from a file, which makes it even more convenient to maintain. Did it like this, for reasons of simplicity in the answer.


Closing lid turns off external monitor on 16.04

I don't know how to prevent them turning off, but doing something that would otherwise wake the system up (mouse movement, keypress etc.) will turn the external display back on.

Source: How do I prevent an external monitor from shutting off when closing my laptop lid?


Not able to add 3rd party software in Ubuntu 14.04

If you check the ppa page, you'll notice that there's no package version available for trusty (14.04):

But you can install the terminator package from the Ubuntu universe repository:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) universe"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install terminator


Surface Pro boots to UEFI only after Ubuntu installation

I had a similar problem on my Surface Pro, I wanted to dual boot with Kubuntu and Windows 8.1. After installing Kubuntu I couldn't boot into Kubuntu from the HDD - only from the live USB.

I tried a lot of things including boot-repair. Eventually I gave in and tried rEFInd which I saw mentioned somewhere online. I booted into the Kubuntu live usb and installed rEFInd after mounting /dev/sda2 as /boot/efi. As it's installing it loads onto the /boot/efi partition. You'll have to click "ok" at one point in the install. I rebooted and was left with a bunch of boot options! Looks good! I chose one of the first ubuntu partitons and it booted!

The instructions that worked for me:

First boot into a live USB session

sudo mkdir -p /boot/efi
sudo mount /dev/sdXN /boot/efi

where sdXN is your efi partition, eg sda2 in my case. If you don’t know the values of X and N for your system then fire up gparted and look for the partition with a boot flag.

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:rodsmith/refind
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install refind

then reboot.

edit: found the original answer that this is based on and fixed up a mistake in my code: How Can I Get GRUB to Work After Restoring Deleted EFI Partition?


I did not have a problem removing such a file using

rm -f ./-v

use the force option (-f) to ignore the message

rm: remove write-protected regular empty file './-v'? yes


PC got stuck while upgrading to Ubuntu 19.10

In the above window only, I typed:

grub>insmod linux
grub>insmod normal
grub>normal

Pressing Enter after this opens a Window with few different options:

Ubuntu
Advanced Options for Ubuntu

and some other options...

Choose the first option, and then choose a kernel in Recovery Mode (only the latest version of the kernel worked for me, after using other 2 I had to redo the process).

This again will pop up another set of Menu options. Choose Repair Broken Packages. After the process is complete, choose Resume option. This atleast worked for me. My PC rebooted with the Ubuntu version I was updating to minus a few updates.Thanks and best of luck. :)

EDIT: This worked for me to atleast start the system properly. But I still had to always type in the 3 grub commands. Eventually I had to clean install the OS in my PC. I used the university wifi to backup my data to Google Drive and then clean installed it. Now it works perfectly. Just a precaution, NEVER USE YOUR PC FOR ANYTHING ELSE WHILE IT IS UPDATING. I learnt it the hard way.


ffmpeg: error while loading shared libraries: libass.so.5

It appears as though ffmpeg is calling up a library for which you have a newer version, though still libass5.

Creating a symlink linking the library file ffmpeg is looking for to the file you have.

cd /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
sudo ln -s libass.so.9 libass.so.5


I can't found mysql in /etc/init.d folder

Your output indicates the MySQL service file is at /lib/systemd/system/mysql.service.

/etc/init.d is legacy and the developers have adapted the software to be started by systemd.


Most likely the

sudo apt-get install -f

will fix the issue. The needed packages will be installed.

You could install PoL an easier way from Ubuntu repositories by

sudo apt install playonlinux

but that could install not the very latest version.

Now you can remove the custom repository by

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/playonlinux.list
sudo apt update
sudo apt purge playonlinux
sudo apt install playonlinux

this will install PoL from Ubuntu repos.


It is meant to list results under the Boxes category and does not have a shortcut key to search explicitly for connections any more. It (at least for me) is not working in this manner either.


The "solution" isn't a solution at all, it's just the removal of powernow daemon, there are many daemons, the solution doesn't consist in removing any random daemon, but goa-daemon specifically. Which apparently doesn't get executed by the whole rc/sysv scheme.

I'm not sure yet how to disable it, but I saw some comment thanking someone for a tip on how to make hidden XDG-autostart applications (set through launcher files at /etc/xdg/autostart and ~/.config/autostart) appear on some Ubuntu GUI manager for default applications. Strangely enough, I didn't have goa-daemon on any xdg-autostart folder, but it was running still. I don't even have the powernow daemon.

I think it's autostarted by /usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.gnome.OnlineAccounts.service

It's not the right way to do it, but it probably can be disabled either removing the file or by editing the exec line and just adding an "echo" after "exec=". But there is probably a more proper way to manage "dbus-services".


This may be a problem with VirtualBox not necessarily a problem with your .ISO. Try booting from the .ISO in a local machine.


You can always try a

sudo apt-cache search "package-name"

to see if the package has been named differently in the repository


The installed printers are stored in /etc/cups/printers.conf, and their drivers in /etc/cups/ppd/*.ppd.

I don't know if there's a way to tell cups to store printer configuration in another location, but you can backup those files before re-installation:

sudo service cups stop
mkdir ~/cups-bkp
sudo cp -a /etc/cups/printers.conf /etc/cups/ppd/ ~/cups-bkp/
sudo service cups start

And restore them after re-installation:

sudo service cups stop
sudo cp -a ~/cups-bkp/* /etc/cups/
sudo service cups start


Where do I find the settings and administration menu?

Well, you have all your System and Administration applications on "Applications" icon on the Dock. You click on it and then select "System". It will show you your most used Apps, and under them all you your System and Admin apps.


How to send keystrokes to Chrome in Ubuntu?

You could use xdotool

while true; do
   xdotool key Escape
   sleep 120
done

You can specify a window with the --window option


Trying to overwrite '/usr/bin/tor', which is also in package tor-browser 3.5.4

I had the same problem. This solution worked for me:

sudo dpkg -r tor-browser tor-geoipdb
sudo apt-get install -f

Run these commands to install TOR:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/tor-browser
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install tor-browser


Is there any change in Ubuntu 14.04 regarding parent process to Orphan process?

On my Ubuntu 14.04.5, I see two processes called init, and investigatining with ps -fp I see:

w3@aardvark:~(0)$ pgrep init
1
9511
w3@aardvark:~(0)$ ps -fp1,9511
UID        PID  PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root         1     0  0 Aug09 ?        00:00:04 /sbin/init
w3        9511  9494  0 Aug09 ?        00:00:07 init --user
# follow the PPIDs back (omitted for brevity), end up with
w3@aardvark:~(0)$ ps -fp1,9511,9494,1770,1553
UID        PID  PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root         1     0  0 Aug09 ?        00:00:04 /sbin/init
root      1553     1  0 Aug09 ?        00:00:00 gdm
root      1770  1553  0 Aug09 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/gdm/gdm-simple-slave --display-id /org/gnome/DisplayManager/Displays/_0
root      9494  1770  0 Aug09 ?        00:00:00 gdm-session-worker [pam/gdm-password]
w3        9511  9494  0 Aug09 ?        00:00:07 init --user

So, there are two inits.
One, process 1, is /sbin/init and "owns" processes whose parent processes have exited (somebody must receive the exit status, after all), as has been traditional since the beginning of time.

The other (9511 on my system), is part of my graphical login, and is just called "init".

I'm sure you'll find the same sort of thing if you do the same investigation.


Can't boot Ubuntu 19.04 or its LiveUSB after enrolling MOK

Please see my post and my own answer to an identical problem on Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS here.

The trick is to turn on TPM in bios settings. As I understand it, you need TPM ON or ACTIVE for storing and looking up keys. Let us know if this helps.


linux volume change after plugging USB camera or changing playback from a different SW

Stream output volume is a feature which allows individual stream properties based on applications.

For streams it is controlled by the pulseaudio module module-stream-restore, for audio devices it is controlled by module-device-restore, and for sound cards (if multiple) it is module-card-restore.

To test whether our issue is resolved we can temporarily unload any of these modules (which should be loaded from our default.pa), e.g.:

pacmd unload-module module-stream-restore

The module will be re-loaded by restarting the pulseaudio sound server with

pulseaudio -k

If after unloading the issue was resolved we can prevent loading this module by commenting out the line in our default.pa (located in /etc/pulse/, ~/.pulse/, or ~/.config/pulse/ like this:

#load-module module-stream-restore


Add driver to my server installation media?

You could use gparted to make a smallish extra partition on the usb. Set up the live boot on the large partition, then use APTonCD to get the driver you need and put it on the smallish partition. Install your server, mount and install from the smallish partition, then off you go. Ubuntu AptonCD Docs –  Scott Goodgame 5 secs ago   edit


Keep original spacing while doing replacements [AWK, SED, GREP, ...]

The solution:
awk -v FIELDWIDTHS="61 1:4 1:10" 'FNR==NR{a[NR]=$2;next}{$2=a[FNR]}1' file1 file2
The process to the solution:
Since awk removes all but one space characters I thought about a way how to include these spaces and define fixed widths for the columns named fields in awk.
And here comes the FIELDWIDTHS option, as is explained in the The GNU Awk User’s Guide manual:

The splitting of an input record into fixed-width fields is specified
by assigning a string containing space-separated numbers to the
built-in variable FIELDWIDTHS. Each number specifies the width of the
field, including columns between fields.

So at first I came up with: awk -v FIELDWIDTHS="9 3 4 8 6 8 9 8 6 10 4" 'FNR==NR{a[NR]=$10;next}{$10=a[FNR]}1' file1 file2 but the output adds a space (NewField-character) infront of all fields starting with the second one. So I tried around with skipping one character with adding :1 infront of all but the first field definitions, but this did not have the effect I wanted - actually it made things worse.
But since there is only one specified field that needs editing, I thought why not seperate the file in only three fields so I came up with:
awk -v FIELDWIDTHS="62 4 10" 'FNR==NR{a[NR]=$2;next}{$2=a[FNR]}1' file1 file2 but again there are those extra space characters. So I substracted 1 from the length of the first field and used 1: to skip one character for the following fields.
This seems awkward but gives the desired output ;)
P.S: While testing i used meld (a graphical diff application) to compare the output - which i wrote to file3 by adding  > file3 to the end of the command - with file2.


Why is it so hard to implement Bitlocker style disk / partition encryption in Linux?

I find encryption on Windows way more complex. On Linux you can do encryption in many many different ways and you can do it fairly trivially. Encrypting your whole OS (wherein you have your /home directory on the same partition as root) is basically a 2 minute process - you just create a blank partition, setup LUKS on it, mount it, then install to it. The only caveat in this situation is you'll need /boot to be separate.
A better way to do it though is to create a separate partition for /home or for your own personal user account [/home/whoever] and mount that at login with PAM - that way you can boot the machine without needing a password or key at boot time to mount root, and your encrypted home will be transparently mounted when you log in, and closed and re-encrypted when you log out.
But there's many many options in Linux and how you lay out partitions and volumes and which are encrypted and how is extremely flexible and you can tweak things to fit your needs. There's also options like using ZFS which has native encryption options.
Just a note - this is not a well formatted question and will definitely be flagged by someone; which is a policy I don't personally agree with but just be aware asking for opinions or comparisons is something Stack/Ask doesn't like - try and find a forum.


How to get OpenGL 2+ support on Intel integrated graphics

Your graphics chipset only supports OpenGL 1.4, according to this post on Intel's forum. So you will not be able to use anything which requires a newer version of OpenGL on that GPU.


For me it looks like intel configuration problem, and I suppose this is a duplicate of: Screen tearing in Ubuntu with Nvidia/Intel graphics


Setting up vhost on VirtualBox with Ubuntu 16.04

Please note that if you are using mysite.local instead of mysite.org* (or other popular extension) you may type http:// in front of it every time, because the browser may not recognise .local as a domain extension.

.google, .dev, .foo, .page, .app, .chrome domain extensions are not good idea for similar purposes since December 2017, read more... and more...

If you want to access mysite.local and www.mysite.local from the local machine, edit /etc/hosts and bind these two domain names to the loopback interface - 127.0.0.1:
127.0.0.1    localhost mysite.local www.mysite.local

Add this line somewhere inside of /etc/hosts.

Note that, in this context the local 'machine' is the Virtual Machine with Ubuntu.

If you want to access mysite.local through another computer from your LAN, edit its host file and bind the two domain names to the servers IP address:
192.168.178.31    mysite.local www.mysite.local

How to Edit Your Hosts File on Windows, Mac, or Linux

The host computer that runs Oracle VirtualBox must be regarded as machine from the virtual LAN, that you've created during the setup of VirtualBox.

Another option is to create your local DNS:

How To Configure BIND as a Private Network DNS Server on Ubuntu 14.04

Here is a basic virtual host configuration applicable for your case:
<VirtualHost *:80>

        ServerName mysite.local
        ServerAlias www.mysite.local

        ServerAdmin webmaster@mysite.local

        DocumentRoot /var/www/mysite

        <Directory /var/www/mysite>
                Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
                AuthType None
                AllowOverride All
                Order allow,deny
                Allow from all
                Require all granted
        </Directory>

        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/mysite.local-error.log
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/mysite.local-access.log combined

</VirtualHost>

In the beginning put some basic content in /var/www/mysite. The function phpinfo(); is a good idea:
  echo '<?php phpinfo(); ?>' | sudo tee /var/www/mysite/index.php

Restart Apache and try to access http://mysite.local via the browser.

Read also:

Virtual Host not working as expected when I'm using .dev domain extension
Creating additional Virtual Host Ubuntu Server


How to revert KDE to its default settings?

Log out of KDE by pressing "CTRL" + "ALT" + "F1" to exit the window manager and bring up a command line. Kill any remaining KDE processes by typing "ps -ax" and looking for processes marked "Xorg," "KDE," or "KDM." For each one of these processes, type "kill -9 " where  is the number under the "PID" column in the output of the ps command.
Enter your home directory by typing "cd ~".

Back up the KDE directory and delete the original. Type "mv .kde .kde.old". This moves the entire contents of the .kde directory into a new directory called .kde.old. (You can call this directory whatever you want.) The original .kde directory is removed.

Restart KDE by typing "startx". You will be asked a few configuration questions, as if you were running KDE for the first time. After that, KDE will load with a fresh configuration.


Can't run an .exe file unless I'm in its directory

The program probably uses dlls which it can only find when run from its directory, where they reside.  This is a common mistake Windows programmers make.


Bash Script for Dumping the Android Partition is not consistent

You're making it way too hard. This code is set to run the three commands concurrently, and you're having to work with locks and such to force it to run consecutively. I don't think you need screen at all here.

Try replacing the screen commands with the command they call. That is, replace

screen -d -m -L -S "Screen PID for script #1" ./script1.sh "$PortStart"

with

./script1.sh "$PortStart"

Then get rid of all the lock commands. You should end up running the three script in order.


Failed Ubuntu install - installing newer version

When you run the installer, you will be given the option to upgrade Ubuntu or to erase and reinstall. You don't have to think about the technical details such as partitioning at all.

I took a screenshot for you so you can see what it looks like. If your system doesn't work now and you're going to install 14.04LTS later, then there's not really any reason to wait. Just install upgrades as they arrive and you'll be in the finished product when it's released. And although it's beta, I've been running it for months and it's quite stable and nice.


Ubuntu server after boot - cloud-init[892]

I too got annoyed at this today as I was setting up Ubuntu Server 18.04.2 on Raspberry Pi.

I tried Jeff's solution from this post, but that didn't work for me at first. After doing some more experimenting, I discovered that Jeff's solution almost works. But only if I create the directory getty@tty1.service.d instead of getty@.service.d, then his solution started to work.

mkdir /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty1.service.d

This way it's also more in line with systemd.unit manpages instructions too.


Switch User, Logout, Lock Screen--All Broken

Today I found a post that seemed to help matters. As I said I have two profiles on this computer. The second one is used for the kids and has (had) no password. Apparently having an account without a password can cause these types of problems. I have put a password on that account and everything seems to be a lot better. Not sure if all is completely well yet because some of the issues I have been having are intermittent.

I will report back. In the meantime, if anyone else is having these kinds of problems and you have a password-less account set up, try giving it a pw.


What is juju doing when my deployment is "pending"? It seems to take awhile without much happening

What you're seeing looks normal to me.

Juju needs to not only provision the OS, but also install its client, updates, and whatever the charm you're deploying. On top of that it depends on the cloud you're deploying to, and how many resources the instance type has. Up until that happens juju shows Pending.

With the local provider the very first time you do this takes the longest, since it needs to download the ~300mb of Ubuntu server image before it can even begin. After that the bundled apt-cacher-ng bits make deployments after that quicker, so a few minutes for local is normal.

On Amazon Web Services the images are already in their cloud, and they also have certified mirrors in all their regions, which means it can be relatively quick (LAN speed) updates and installation. Some other providers don't have local Ubuntu mirrors, so it really depends on internet speed on that day, so this time can vary widely.

Even with fast mirrors there are other factors. If your charm is doing a bunch of stuff, like say, installing an entire Java stack but you're on a relatively small instance (especially t1.micros) this can take longer than on instances that have higher IO available to Ubuntu.

When doing live demos on AWS I usually get ~5 minute deployment times, enough to fire off some instances, then go back to my presentation.

Here are some things we're doing to make this better:

As of Juju .6 we now use cloud images to install instead of a normal ubuntu-server install that has to go through an entire installation and install and configure packages.
We work closely with cloud providers to ensure that instance boot time is as fast as it can be.
With the go rewrite this means Juju won't need to install the associated Java dependencies on each instance, which might lead to faster boot times and less memory consumption for instances. (I haven't tested this personally)
Encouraging charm authors to mention long downloads/installs in their Charm's README when appropriate.

Usually getting the instance up and running is relatively quick, you can find out exactly what's going by sshing into the image as soon as you can and checking out the juju log files, you can just tail them and find the culprit; in my experience it's been waiting for things to download and install via apt.


installation of ubuntu 12.04 64bit on msi gt70 2OC

Maybe you should install your Ubuntu x64 with the advance option (F6) nomodeset.

I'm not sure if this problem is common in MSI models, but I read some info related to the newer MSI GE70 here.


Well what version of unity do you have ? Second if you think a light weight desktop enviroment will make your game run faster than, you can install the Lubuntu xubuntu environment inside ubuntu. Lubuntu is the most light weight. You can use their environment instead of unity. However, unity will still be on the system, just not in use.
I currently have xubuntu (second lightest weight) , and am running it alongside unity, which is unstable, but really beautiful. If you prefer completely getting rid of unity and want to run the LXDE desktop,you’ll have to do some extra steps.

Try as many as you want.
Different environments commands

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install Lubuntu-desktop


This shouldn't a problem with Ubuntu. I'm pretty sure it's a setting in your BIOS setup. Hold down the DEL key when you turn on the computer to enter the BIOS setup. Somewhere inside there should be an option for the internal graphics card (whether to have it enabled or disabled). You'll need to set this to be enabled, then hit F10 to save the changes and restart. If there is no such option, the decision is made automatically, and you can't control it. A lot of motherboards will disable the internal graphics when a PCI card is plugged in, without you having the option to change it.


Is there a log of all activity I could open in terminal?

Many things you simply cannot spot, because they are handled inside the application or process without any communication to "the outer world".

a random (totally incomplete) list of a few of the most important tools you could use however to monitor specific sections of what is going on:

the top command: from man top:
The  top  program  provides  a dynamic real-time view of a running system.  It can display system summary information as  well  as  a list  of processes or threads currently being managed by the Linux kernel.  The types of system summary  information  shown  and  the types,  order  and size of information displayed for processes are all user configurable and that configuration can be  made  persis‐tent across restarts.
dstat. From man dstat:
Dstat allows you to view all of your system resources instantly, you can eg. compare disk usage in combination with interrupts from your IDE controller, or compare the network bandwidth numbers directly with the disk throughput (in the same interval)
wmctrl; although wmctrl does not provide realtime ongoing information, when used in a loop in a script, it is fairly easy to retrieve an almost realtime report or log on what happens concerning opened/moved/closed windows.
The dbus-monitor command, of which @Serg should be able to tell you much more. From man dbus-monitor:
The dbus-monitor command is used to monitor messages going through a D-Bus message bus. See http://www.freedesktop.org/software/dbus/ for more information about the big picture. (in short: dbus is a simple way for applications to talk to one another. Note that dbus-monitor only works in cases where dbus is used, not as a general tool as mentioned by @heemayl (thanks!) )
The dconf watch command (relatively unknown). From man dconf:

   watch
       Watch a key or directory for changes.

Try e.g. what happens in the output of dconf watch / , while editing system settings.

The bottom line is that there are many, many tools, each and every one of them to spot a specific section of what is happening. A one fits all answer is quite impossible, let alone a single terminal window to show even the beginning of "the whole picture".

Which tool is fit for your purpose depends on what events you specifically want to monitor.


Can't open Google Chrome on Ubuntu 16.04

I tried

sudo chown -Rc $USER:$USER $HOME

Reference: Google Chrome can't launch in Mint 19 Cinnamon - Linux Mint Forums


Computer stuck on updating software while trying without installing. Can I safely power button it off?

If you don't have a persistent Live USB it is totally irrelevant what you do on the system, the next time you boot into Live USB (“trying out”) it will be the same vanilla Ubuntu from which you started.


Failed to fetch http://np.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/k/krb5/libkrb5-3_1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3_i386.deb 403 Forbidden

It seems an issue with the Nepal mirror, try changing the download server as described in How can I get apt to use a mirror close to me, or choose a faster mirror?

Note that changing from np.archive.ubuntu.com to ubuntu.ntc.net.np won't help since these are the same hosts.


Plasmashell freezes & crashes once restarted

Well I found it.

kstart plasmashell

showed that crash always happened after clipboard widget initialization.

Indeed I've copied a huge text content(~55Mb) just before, which made the klipper widget unable to handle its history in ~/.local/share/klipper/.

By wiping that folder, every thing is back to normal now.

In my special case, I also unchecked this "Save clipboard contents on exit" option since I don't really need it :
img


Here http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2276023 posted the solution worked for me finally on 15.04.

sudo apt-get install sni-qt:i386

Then need to restart Skype.


How do I get a StarTech USB 3.0 to Gigabit Ethernet Adapter working?

This is what I have done.

go to http://www.asix.com.tw/download.php?sub=downloadsearch&PSNoID=112
select "USB 3.0 Gigabit Ethernet" from product family drop down menu
select AX88179 From Product name.
select driver from File Type radio button
click on "Go"

Download linux source files to the computer and follow the instructions to compile and install the drivers.

Then unplug and plugin the device and it will be detected.

In /etc/network/interfaces file enable the network interface.


Where did /etc/init.d/dovecot go in 14.04?

Ok so after going through dovecot's wiki (version 2), it seems that we can restart/reload/stop dovecot by using:

For root:

# doveadm reload - to restart/reload dovecat

# doveadm stop - to stop dovecat

For sudo users:

# sudo doveadm reload - to restart/reload dovecat

# sudo doveadm stop - to stop dovecat

You can just type doveadm / sudo doveadm to see a list of other commands you can use with doveadm too.


We have lots of different desktops. You can (click to) install xfce4, LXDE, Gnome Shell (includes Gnome Panel as "fallback") or any other desktop. You choose the desktop you want to use before logging in, by clicking on the button next to the password field.


Here is a github bug, now resolved: https://github.com/linuxmint/Cinnamon/issues/2542.
It seems, the fix is not in Ubuntu repos yet, though it is easy to apply manually now: https://github.com/linuxmint/Cinnamon/commit/c4eac2e3ab88a2264faedf09f026432522bbe18e.


Gwibber is not using Indicator Applet or loading on start up

Do you have python-indicate installed?  It would be installed by default, but might not be installed on upgrade if you had removed it in the past.

If you don't have python-indicate, install that and restart gwibber.

If you do have python-indicate, please look in the log file at ~/.cache/gwibber/gwibber.log for anything interesting and maybe run gwibber-service in debug mode to collect more info:

gwibber-service -d


How can GIMP 2.8 have two different icons simultaneously?

Take a look inside of /usr/share/applications/gimp.desktop file. You will see that the value of Image field is set to gimp. So, there is not given an absolute path for the GIMP icon. This means that the system will look for the icon most probably in /usr/share/icons. But there are more icons for GIMP, and the right icon will be chosen depending on the theme and on the resolution at which this should be displayed:

locate gimp.png
/usr/share/app-install/icons/gimp.png
/usr/share/icons/HighContrast/16x16/apps/gimp.png
/usr/share/icons/HighContrast/22x22/apps/gimp.png
/usr/share/icons/HighContrast/24x24/apps/gimp.png
/usr/share/icons/HighContrast/256x256/apps/gimp.png
/usr/share/icons/HighContrast/32x32/apps/gimp.png
/usr/share/icons/HighContrast/48x48/apps/gimp.png
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/16x16/apps/gimp.png
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/22x22/apps/gimp.png
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/24x24/apps/gimp.png
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/256x256/apps/gimp.png
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/32x32/apps/gimp.png
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps/gimp.png

Finally, in the Launcher is chosen (most probably - depending on your settings) /usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps/gimp.png file and in the Dash is chosen /usr/share/icons/hicolor/256x256/apps/gimp.png file. If you will open these files, you will see that these look exactly like in your images.


NOPASSWD from local sudoers file is ignored for LDAP account

There is a known issue in the version of sudo that ships with 16.04.  While this did not fix my issue, it's a good place to start.  I included some other possible causes in this Unix & Linux answer.  I'm actually still troubleshooting and will document any additional findings there.


How to start Gummi (GTK+ based application) maximized?

Please Note: the answer below will work with window managers such as xfwm4, metacity, and others, but will not with compiz, because of the way the desktop and windows are handled (being divided into viewports). As mhc noted, you will have to use ccsm, as explained in comment above, and refer to this askubuntu answer.

You don't need to add anything to the .desktop file, just edit the config file in your home folder.

Find $HOME/.config/gummi/gummi.cfg and set the dimensions to your screen size and it will launch maximised. The dimensions will vary according to your maximum resolution; for example they could be 1280x1024, 1920x1080, etc.

Here is the original section in $HOME/.config/gummi/gummi.cfg.

[Global]
config_version = 0.6.1
mainwindow_x = 244
mainwindow_y = 233
mainwindow_w = 792
mainwindow_h = 558

As an example, I would change 792 and 558 to 1280 and 1024, so that it would launch maximised next time. Edit the file and then relaunch gummi. Whatever you put in will be adjusted by the program when it launches, so don't worry about specifying the exact values.

If you mess up the configuration file, just delete it and it will be respawned when gummi launches.

You could also use devilspie, which is in the repositories.

sudo apt-get install devilspie

Now create a ~/.devilspie folder if it doesn't already exist, and create a profile for gummi, so that when gummi runs, it will trigger devilspie to maximise the window. Name the file gummi.ds and place this in it:

; gummi maximise

(if (is (window_class) "Gummi") (maximize) )

However, devilspie must be added to startup applications, as it needs to be running.

It is worth trying devilspie as it is a very useful application for manipulating chosen windows, but may not work if you are running compiz.


1) Open the file "%gconf.xml" at "~/.gconf/apps/metacity/general" (gedit ~/.gconf/apps/metacity/general/%gconf.xml)

2) Search for

<entry name="theme" mtime="1335845353" type="string">
        <stringvalue>Radiance</stringvalue>

3) Change "Radiance" for a non existing theme like "nonexistingtheme",

4) Save,

5) Logout and log back in.

6) Enjoy  ;-)


For playing encripted DVDs use the following commands:

sudo apt-get install libdvdread4

sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/install-css.sh


cannot boot from usb and grub! ubuntu 12.10

Boot into Live CD and run:

sudo mount /dev/sdaX /mnt
sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda

NOTE:

sdaX-->Here X stands for the partition where you have installed  /. If its installed in sda2 then you need to run sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt


Does GRUB show the boot menu after kernel updates?

Technically , no. After kernel install Ubuntu does run a script to reconfigure grub, so that it's menu is updated to include new kernel as the main entry and push the older entries into Advanced Options for Ubuntu menu.

What may have happened is that you have edited at some point /etc/default/grub file , but didn't not run sudo update-grub, so everything stayed the old way. New kernel arrived, ran that update-grub command, and now it shows the menu.

I doubt the updates contain any command to change grub settings, and I'd be very surprised if they do


Closing the terminal where "compiz --replace" is run, causes compiz to crash again

This is the normal expected behaviour. If you hit CTRL+C compiz will stop. If you want to detach some command from the terminal (so it will not terminate with the terminal, and it will allow you to continue to use it) you can use nohup, like this:

nohup compiz --replace

There is much more info in this question.


In Psensor, by default, the high threshold of the alarm is set to 60C (and not 30C as you reported) for all sensors.

Obviously, 60C is not too much hot for most hardware components. You can set the threshold according to the specifications of your component to better match your needs.

By default, low threshold for fan is 0, if you have enabled warnings for fan and one is stopped or not wired, it will raise a warning.

When a warning is raised, you also have a bubble notification at the top right of the screen once allowing you to know the name of the component which is raising the alarm. Maybe you have enabled warning for a fan which is stopped or not wired?


Is it possible to play simcity4 on Lubuntu?

Install wine, and then install simcity4.  The winehq pages gives it a pretty good likelyhood of running:
https://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=application&iId=4088


Slightly better than saving memory would be to have the program save your work for you.

First obtain the pid (process ID) of the running program.  This can be done from a command line with the ps command:

$ ps x
  PID TTY      STAT   TIME COMMAND
(... lots of usual programs omitted)
 3039 ?        Sl    40:59 /usr/lib/someprogram
...
30263 pts/8    R+     0:00 ps x

Let's say I wanted to trigger someprogram to clean up and save the files, assuming it is a professional grade program (try each in sequence until one works):

$ kill -HUP 3039        # trigger the program's "terminal disconnect by hang up"
                        #  logic (which might save the file)
$ kill -INT 3039        # Interrupt
$ kill -STOP 3039       # Stop
$ kill -CONT 3039       # Continue

A more-grasping-at-straws approach would be to have the program's memory written to a core file.  Then at least, someone familiar with the internals of MyPaint could load it into the debugger and reconstruct the data for subsequent use.  This is "hard" though and will involve hours to days of expert attention.

To dump core, try these.  Core dumps might not be enabled in your system's configuration.

$ kill -ABRT 3039       # abort
$ kill -QUIT 3039       # quit
$ kill -SEGV 3039       # illegal memory access
$ kill -TRAP 3039


How do I set up USB scanning with my Brother MFC-6800?

According to http://welcome.solutions.brother.com/bsc/public_s/id/linux/en/download_scn.html

As of Ubuntu 11.10, USB scanning is no longer supported for the MFC-6800 scanner :(


How to write terminal contents into a file

You can pipe your output to the tee program (description):

my_program ... | tee my_program.log

This will show the ouput on the terminal, but also write it to the file my_program.log


Ubuntu 18.04 not detecting Nvidia 1660ti gpu

You can install the correct proprietary Nvidia drivers by running the following commands:

sudo apt update
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

Then, reboot.


error 503: service unavailable when using apt-get update behind proxy

Some proxies might actually block traffic based on the user-agent string. A simple

echo 'Acquire { http::User-Agent "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/59.0.3071.115 Safari/537.36"; };' >> /etc/apt/apt.conf

Might also be your solution to this 503 problem


Wrong window buttons color with a custom theme

It happened to me, Ubuntu usually change the files' permissions. Have you tried running chmod -R 777 theme_folder_path?


Yeah, normally booting windows or using chkdsk would resolve this, but now that your using Ubuntu not an option. Ubuntu has something similar to chkdsk (fsck), but it don't support ntfs. Your solution should be as follows

 sudo apt-get install ntfsprogs
 sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdb1

This will fix it so you can get it to mount and so you can access any files that may be there. You can still use ntfs with Ubuntu, but if you really want to format it, you may want to repartition first

sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

Press d to delete, then n to add and just enter through defaults, assuming you have and only want one partition on there. When done, press w to write the changes

Then to format to Linux filesystem ext4

sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1

Warning if you change filesystem to ext4 the drive will no longer be able to be read by Windows, only Linux. So if this is a big drive, and you intend to file share with Windows computers or ever want to plug into a windows computer to access files, I would keep it ntfs

Edit: if you don't care about files and still want to use ntfs, I think you would have to use GParted to reformat as NTFS.


Chromium disappears from the launcher when minimised

I have a work around for you. Use Super-W to navigate to it. I have the same problem with eclipse and it works. alt-tab does not work so they are not equivalent....

If someone has a better real solution it would be much appreciated.


./ vs . for running programs under terminal

The . executable syntax doesn't work with just any executable (or does it?). Instead, it's an alias for the bash source built-in. So the difference is mostly relevant to bash scripts, and the truth is that they're completely different things :)

./executable asks to run the executable "normally". ./ is a relative reference to the current path. This avoids having the shell (bash) try to locate the executable in a directory in its $PATH (which it would do if you didn't specify a path at all with the command). The reason why you can't just do executable is one of security; imagine you uncompress an archive you downloaded and it contains a malicious version of ls. If it ran directly from your current directory, you'd run that version without realizing.

On the other hand, . executable is saying "source a file named executable". Since you're directly naming the file and it really doesn't have to be an executable, the security restriction for the $PATH doesn't apply. Sourcing will only "run" (or seem to run) shell scripts. What it does is:

   source filename [arguments]
          Read and execute commands from filename  in  the  current  shell
          environment  and return the exit status of the last command exe‐
          cuted from filename.

So... What's really the difference between executing and sourcing? Assuming the same shell script, executing it (./script) will spawn a new shell, run the script inside that shell, and when the script exits, close that shell and return to the parent shell. In effect, it will start a new bash process to execute the script).

(. script) will cause the current shell to read the commands from the file as if they were being typed in the command line. There's no new shell spawned.

A very easy way to see how this behaves is to write a script that only contains exit. If you ./script it, nothing will seem to happen, this is because a new shell process is started, the exit command exits that new shell and your current shell is unaffected.

If you . script, you current terminal will close, because the exit command runs in the current shell. So it's equivalent to typing exit on the command prompt.


libjvm.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

Executing the following should solve your problem:

$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/jre/lib/amd64/server
$ sudo R CMD javareconf


How do I select the text on Pluma app from cursor position to the end/beginning of the current line with Shift+End/Home on laptop's keyboard?

By adding "numpad:microsoft", on the blank "Advance setxkbmap Options" of the keyboard layout handler, the problem got fixed. A screenshot of this blank can be found in attachment.


New Server Install Wireless Not working After Reboot

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Security/Features

Hi, I had similar problems and changing my security to suit the more stringent 14.04 resolved my issues. My problems related to the use of mac addresses and I would point you to the link above and Intel Wireless Wifi Link 5100 on Trusty Tahr not working

14.04 forced me rethink my network security (after a few years) and in particular the use of mac addresses as they can be cloned now days.

Below is an extract of the security policy (link at top)

**No Open Ports

Default installations of Ubuntu must have no listening network services after initial install. Exceptions to this rule include network infrastructure services such as the DHCP client and mDNS (Avahi/ZeroConf, see ZeroConfPolicySpec for implementation details and justification). When installing Ubuntu Server, the administrator can, of course, select specific services to install beyond the defaults (e.g. Apache).
Testing for this can be done with netstat -an --inet | grep LISTEN | grep -v 127.0.0.1: on a fresh install.**

I hope this helps with your quest.

regards


Where will the boot loader be installed if I choose "install alongside windows 10"

It depends on how you boot the installer. If you boot it in EFI/UEFI mode, it should go on the EFI System Partition (ESP). If you boot it in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, it will probably go to the MBR of /dev/sda, but might conceivably go to the MBR of /dev/sdb. Either way, that's probably not what you want....

Backing up, in a dual-boot scenario, it's important that both the OSes boot in the same mode (EFI/UEFI vs. BIOS/CSM/legacy). You've summarized your disk data rather than provided screen shots or cut-and-pasted program output, so it's impossible to tell the partition table type on /dev/sdb, and although /dev/sda is probably GPT (judging by the presence of an ESP and the Windows C: partition), I can't be 100% certain of this. The partition table type is important because Windows ties it to the boot mode -- Windows installs to MBR disks only in BIOS mode and to GPT disks only in EFI mode. Thus, you should check this detail, and if there's any doubt in your mind, post more details to clarify the situation.

Once you know your Windows boot mode, run the Ubuntu installer in the same mode. This can be difficult if you're unfamiliar with booting modern EFI-based computers. See my page on the CSM for advice on this mater, focused on forcing an EFI-mode boot.

Also, note that the "install alongside" option is often missing on EFI-based computers. You should be sure to disable Fast Startup and disable hibernation in Windows. (Note that many EFIs provide a feature with a name like "fast start." This is unrelated to the Windows feature that you must disable.) Disabling these Windows features may cause the "install alongside" option to appear, but if not, you should follow instructions to use the "something else" option.

Finally, the "install alongside" option will not know to use the partition you've created in Windows, so if you want to use something like that, you should delete that partition so that there's sufficient free space on the disk. IIRC, the Ubuntu installer will then show another option ("install in free space" or something like that); however, I'm not 100% positive of that. You might need to use the "something else" option to create partitions in that free space, and definitely to install to a partition you created in Windows.


have solved this by deleting all *.desktop files found here
~/.local/share/applications


Hit ctrl+c during installing ubuntu 18.04 LTS

Basically, you have killed the installation process, so just shut down the computer and restart the install.


The admin-secret for the environment is in your ~/.juju/environments.yaml file. This is the password used for the Juju GUI


Is the Ubuntu installer capable of resizing/moving existing NTFS partitions?

I'm not sure if the Ubuntu installer itself is capable of doing this, but you can run GParted, which is always included in the Ubuntu disk. GParted is a good tool to use for resizing, moving and creating partitions.

Just boot Ubuntu from a CD or USB stick, choose "Try Ubuntu", and then open GParted.


I would advise that you leave your sound servers alone, maybe you should try if a USB based headphone will help work around the problem until the bug is fixed, also make sure that it is really not a hardware issue, I had an old Dell Inspiron that had a similar problem and it turned out that the problem was hardware failure, Windows that came on it with the proper drivers had the same problem.


How to set up a Wifi Hotspot on ubuntu14.04 and set 192.168.42.1 as wlan0 address?

May be you can't connect because, NetworkManager creates an ad-hoc AP.

I would recommend to use create_ap. It's a simple script that simplifies the use of hostapd and iptables and dnsmasq.

Just clone it at github with:

git clone https://github.com/oblique/create_ap.git

Then you need some dependancies, if you don't have them installed:

sudo apt-get install iptables dnsmasq hostapd

And then, you can run it from the create_ap directory:

cd create_ap
sudo ./create_ap -w 2 wlan0 eth0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

You can change it's configuration to get 192.168.42.1 as wlan IP. If I understand you correctly, use the --gateway 192.168.42.1 switch to create_ap


I seems like my trials of text-scaling-factor were close, but not the solution.

I was able to solve my issue using:

 gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface scaling-factor 1

It was set to a factor of 2 from the installer!


shell - what exactly is double quota ((..)) mean?

It allows the calculation of an mathmatical expression and the substitution of the result

  Arithmetic expansion allows the evaluation of an arithmetic expression
  and the substitution of the result. The format for arithmetic
  expansion is:

  $((expression))

  The expression is treated as if it were within double quotes, but a
  double quote inside the parentheses is not treated specially. All
  tokens in the expression undergo parameter expansion, string
  expansion, command substitution, and quote removal. Arithmetic
  expansions may be nested.

  The evaluation is performed according to the rules listed below under
  ARITHMETIC EVALUATION. If expression is invalid, bash prints a message
  indicating failure and no substitution occurs.Bash Manpage


Symlinking is usually a messy way to do this, and avconv is a very poor "replacement" for ffmpeg. You have some other options though:

Use the Ubuntu Multimedia for Trusty PPA, or
Download a static ffmpeg binary and put it somewhere in your PATH*, such as ~/bin or /usr/local/bin (you may have to run hash -r && source ~/.profile after moving it to ~/bin if you prefer that location).

Some additional, but probably less helpful options:

Compile ffmpeg.
Or upgrade Ubuntu. Recent versions provide ffmpeg from FFmpeg.

* I'm assuming your application is looking for ffmpeg via your user's PATH and not pointing to an absolute, hardcoded, specific directory.


How to print "-n" without issuing a newline?

The problem is that echo interprets the -n as an argument. On the default bash implementation, that means (from help echo):

  -n  do not append a newline

There are various ways of getting around that:

Make it into something that isn't an option by including another character. For example, tell echo not to print a newline with -n, then tell it to interpret backslash escapes with -e and add the newline explicitly.

$ echo -ne '-n\n'
-n

Alternatively, just include a space

$ echo " -n"
 -n

That, however, adds a space which you probably don't want.
Use a non-printing character before it. Here. I am using the backspace (\b)

$ echo -e "\b-n"
-n

This also adds an extra character you probably don't want.
Use trickery

$ echo n- | rev
-n

The rev command simply prints its output reversed.
Use the right tool for the job

$ printf -- '-n\n'
-n


Yes, you can deactivate the AMD graphics and just use only the intel graphics without problems.

In case you have not already installed it before - install the gksu package from the repositories.

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo apt-get install gksu

Now execute this command :

gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Add radeon.modeset=0 to this line : GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

so that it reads : GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash radeon.modeset=0"

Save the changes you made.

Then execute this command :

sudo update-grub

Reboot the system and from now on you are using the intel graphics ... and AMD is deactivated.


I was having same issue while trying numerous solutions.  For me the problem turned out to be simply viewing the wrong desktop.  I have an external monitor and the laptop lid closed.  I found Chrome running on the other screen.  Turned off that monitor in settings and chrome launches in the primary window.  Turn on Workspace switcher to see all available workspaces.


How to scroll in any direction (pan) with evince PDF viewer using a touch pad

In Evince, panning of a document with what works like the "hand" tool in "competitive" PDF viewers (Okular, qpdfviewer, Adobe Acrobat) is triggered with the middle mouse button (if you have one). To have the same feature with your touch pad, you need a way to emulate a middle click with your touchpad. That may require changing some configuration options for your touchpad if you cannot achieve that by default.

What options are exposed or are available will depend on your desktop environment, on the driver you use (e.g. synaptics or libinput) and on your touchpad hardware. Thus, how you can emulate a middle mouse click, or enable such emulation, will depend on these factors. How I solved it for myself therefore is provided only as first inspiration because it may be different in your case.

For me, Gnome Tweak Tool exposes two options for "Mouse click emulation", "Fingers" and "Area". Although "Fingers" is supposed to emulate a middle mouse click with three fingers, that does not work for me. "Area", however, works. I can press the middle of the bottom area, the cursor changes to a hand and I am in business.

Users that have two-finger scrolling or both horizontal and vertical edge scrolling probably will never have noticed the issue. Also here, one can quite conveniently pan across a zoomed document. Rather than dragging the canvas with the hand tool, here it is a matter of scrolling. I do not like "two-finger" scrolling, because it gives issues in a case where you have a text document with one or more landscape pages inserted. Then, any scrolling with two fingers likely will also shift your document to the left or to the right (unless you very carefully make sure to have a strictly vertical two-finger movement, that is).

Yet, this lack of discoverability and dependency of the hardware of the user and the configuration (what if the mouse does not have a scrolling wheel?) is an issue with Evince.


Where do I find details of Ubuntu Firefox "install" offers?

I am not a big fan of them but they seem to be not much more than a glorified bookmark of the page in your launcher with some integration in the launcher. I think they are called 'webapps' so you can find some more general info on them, for example in this link


Cleared and Unformatted partitions in GParted

If GParted indicates a partition is cleared and unformatted then GParted does not see any file system signatures on the partition.  Please note that it is always possible that the partition contains a file system that is not recognized by GParted.


Are textlive-xxx-doc packages required for installing LyX?

They should be only Recommended packages, so that you can avoid to install them by issuing in the first place the command

sudo apt-get --no-install-recommends install lyx


Failed GRUB after 10.04 to 12.04 upgrade in system with LVM

Explanation:

The space before your first partitions is 32.3kB (63 Sectors x 512bytes), which is not enough for GRUB2. You are affected by this bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/1059827

Solution:

Either increase this space via Gparted from 32.3kB to 1049kB for example, for all your disks (sda, sdb,...). Then use Boot-Repair to reinstall GRUB2 in the MBR of all your disks.
OR use Boot-Repair --> Advanced options --> GRUB options --> GRUB Legacy. This will probably work (because GRUB Legacy needs less space), but i don't recommend it because GRUB Legacy is obsolete.


Veetle Plugin - Error "Unable to play two streams simultaneously - Mac cannot have two channels open in separate browsers"

If you are using Firefox, just look in the address bar for the red block symbol, click on it, and for Veetle Player make sure it is set to "allow and remember" instead of "block."


Copy unmatched strings in from one file to another, bulk

try diff -u file_1.txt file_2.txt > patch1o2
then patch -p0 < patch1o2

the first command will create a file called patch1o2 containing all the difference between the two files
The second command will add in the first file the content of the difference at the same line position.

output will be a file_1.txt updated with extra lines from file_2.txt

edit 14/07/2015 :
create a bash script with a loop to analyse all files present in folder
here are an example:

FILE_1=folder_1/*.txt
for i in "$FILE_1"
do
    awk -F"," '{print $1}' "$i"
done


Unable to login using new mysql user added via phpmyadmin

Mysql is a bit odd in the fact that you if you want to login from that server only it is 'username'@'localhost' but if you need to login in from another server also you have to add a second user entry 'username'@'ipaddress' or 'username'@'%' for any host (apart from local host) and then grant privileges user each variation.

grant all on mydb.* to 'username'@'localhost'......... ; grant all on mydb.* to 'username'@'%' ......;


Packet Tracer: problems with GUI usability and look

The packet tracer window must not be maximized. Then right click on the title bar and select always on top.


Problem after UEFI dual boot installation

Your Boot Info output shows a very short list of bootable OSes, which includes neither Windows nor Ubuntu entries, both of which would normally be present on an installation like yours:

=================== efibootmgr -v
BootCurrent: 0001
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 2001
Boot0001* EFI USB Device (VerbatimSTORE N GO)   PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1d,0x0)/USB(0,0)/USB(0,0)/HD(1,GPT,78ec17c7-5927-434e-ba32-4e26d84539ca,0x800,0x3bafdf)RC
Boot2001* EFI USB Device RC

Chances are it's booting to Windows only because the computer is treating the Windows boot loader as a fallback boot loader in a way that does not show up in the efibootmgr output.

Judging by dates of reviews of your model I found online, your computer seems to date from 2012, when many manufacturers shipped badly broken EFIs that had problems like this. The best solution, really, is to ditch the broken computer entirely; however, that's wasteful and may not be economically possible for you. Thus, you may need to look into a workaround, several of which are covered in my answer to this question:

efibootmanager -o changes are lost on reboot

I did notice that Sony's site includes a firmware ("BIOS") update from November of 2016, so I'd start by applying that and then trying Boot Repair again. In my experience, manufacturers seldom fix these truly egregious boot problems, but a firmware update four years after the product's release is also pretty extraordinary, so maybe Sony's actually done something about this problem.