Deleting a btrfs subvolume without losing the data inside

I do not know much about btrfs, yet. Just started to learn it a few hours ago! But I think I can answer your question.

I don't know sonarr but maybe you could tell it to create a reflink when copying. The copy command would look something like this:

$ cp --reflink=always /downloads/file-to-copy /movies/

This will create a copy on the other subvolume but due to the "copy on write" mechanism of btrfs, it does not use more space until one of the files is modified. If you do not modify the files (renaming is okay) this would be just as the hardlink solution.

To get rid of the subvolumes but keep the files, you should be able to simply move (mv) the files to another directory inside the parent subvolume, delete the subvolume and rename the new directory just like the subvolume was named.

Alternatively you can use the reflink method from above to clone the files into a new directory on the parent subvolume, rename the subvolume, rename the new directory like the subvolume was named and test out if everything works, then delete the subvolume.


Can I change architecture from 32 to 64bits without using a CD?

No, there is not. You cant just say to the package manager that you will now be using 64bit instead of 32bit, that is not the way we roll.

You will need to download the CD and install your system again, probably you can keep the settings and files for your user's home and your /etc folder.

For more information on that please visit the follow similar posts:

How do I upgrade from x86 to x64 without losing settings?
Is it possible to "upgrade" from a 32bit to a 64bit installation?


Why does Ubuntu need a text document with all English words?

A chain of whys:

$ dpkg -S /usr/share/dict/words
diversion by dictionaries-common from: /usr/share/dict/words
diversion by dictionaries-common to: /usr/share/dict/words.pre-dictionaries-common
wamerican, dictionaries-common: /usr/share/dict/words
$ aptitude why dictionaries-common
i   hunspell-en-us Depends dictionaries-common (>= 0.10)
$ aptitude why hunspell-en-us
i   libenchant1c2a Depends  aspell-en | myspell-dictionary | aspell-dictionary | ispell-dictionary | hunspell-dictionary
i   hunspell-en-us Provides hunspell-dictionary
$ aptitude why libenchant1c2a
i   libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 Depends libenchant1c2a (>= 1.6.0)
$ aptitude why libwebkitgtk-3.0-0
i   unity-control-center Depends libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 (>= 1.3.10)

Of course, this doesn't really answer why it needs this list of words. Just that a chain of dependencies caused it to be there. The other chain of whys might be a better answer, but:

$ aptitude why wamerican
i   cracklib-runtime Recommends wamerican | wordlist
$ aptitude why cracklib-runtime
i   libcrack2 Recommends cracklib-runtime
$ aptitude why libcrack2
i   libpwquality1 Depends libcrack2 (>= 2.8.12)
$ aptitude why libpwquality1
i   unity-control-center Depends libpwquality1 (>= 1.1.0)

More plausible: the list of words is used to mark passwords present in a common dictionary as poor quality.


Mixxx will not recognize all inputs and outputs on NI Audio 4DJ soundcard

You will need to suspend pulse audio while you use Mixxx.

The Mixxx .desktop (Mixxx shortcut) file should call it but it appears it does not. You might want to file a bug.

To do it manually you can simply execute the following in gnome's terminal:

pasuspender mixxx

If you still do not see all the inputs please refer to this page: http://www.pogo.org.uk/~mark/linuxdj/


How to import an arbitrary GIT branch into a Bazaar repo on Launchpad?

To import the 2.1.x branch of the LyX GIT repo, when requesting a new code import on Launchpad you need to append ,branch=$NAME to the GIT repo URL. So in this case it would be:

git://git.lyx.org/lyx,branch=2.1.x

This feature doesn't seem to be documented on Launchpad's help page for VcsImports.


Help to create a script to run on system startup

I did something similar just a while ago but I disabled my touchpad on startup.

Type xinput in Terminal and find your touchpad's name -- mine was "ETPS/2 Elantech Touchpad".

Add xinput --enable "Your Touchpad Name" to Startup Applications.


Can outdated systems (e.g. Dell OptiPlex Series) upgrade to newer versions of Ubuntu?

If doing a clean install is an option, I would suggest looking at 16.04 version of either Lubuntu or Xubuntu. Like 12.04 and 14.04, it is an LTS release, thus supported for the next 4+ years. Lubuntu is generally considered lighter than Xubuntu, but I have no experience with it whatsoever.

I currently have Xubuntu 16.04 installed in one of my computers. Upon boot, without doing anything else, RAM utilization hovers around 220- 250 mb. I was also able to boot the live DVD with as little as 512mb RAM in a virtual environment using VirtualBox. Since you have 1 GB, it would probably run well in your system.

The system will take up around 3+ GB of disk space upon install. You will eventually use up a total of 5-6 GB of disk space after installing common apps.

The XFCE desktop environment which Xubuntu uses is also highly-customizable. You can make it look a bit like unity if you like. It requires a bit of learning curve for new users though.


how to resolve -bash: /etc/ViewPowerPro/Console: No such file or directory at startup?

Run this terminal command:
grep --with-filename --line-number '/etc/ViewPowerPro/Console'  /etc/profile ~/.bashrc ~/.bash_profile ~/.bash_login ~/.profile 2>/dev/null

That will show you the file name and line number where the problem is. Further action depends on what you find, but will probably involve deleting that line.
How did you "install" and "uninstall" ViewPowerPro?
I highly recommend installing and using installwatch. It's in the checkinstall package, so sudo apt install checkinstall followed by man installwatch will get you started. installwatchcan be used to log all file accesses by any install process.


This will likely never work. Windows is likely not even looking at it's local virtual adapters for a file server. If you just want to share files between your host and guest setup Virtual Box Shared folders. This link has good instructions

If you really want to share Samba between the two hosts your best option IMO, is to use "bridged" networking. This will put the virtual machine on the real network however.


Website display problem - across all browsers

The reason for this is because your browser is not loading the stylesheet, which is hosted on another domain. Possible reasons could be due to the stylesheet domain being blocked or because your browser is failing to get DNS resolution for it.

Try reaching getpersonas.com through a web proxy like:

http://www.zendproxy.com

If the site displays properly via proxy, then try to disable ipv6. To do that in Firefox:

Type about:config in the address bar, press Enter.
Find network.dns.disableIPv6 in the list.
Right-click -> Toggle.
Restart Firefox and try again.

You can also disable ipv6 on the system level, so other browsers don't get affected by ipv6 issues. To do that, open the file  /etc/default/grub with an editor:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Then change the following line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=”quiet splash”

With the following line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=”ipv6.disable=1 quiet splash”

Then update grub:

sudo update-grub

You can also try a different DNS server like OpenDNS or Google Public DNS.


Ubuntu 13.04 Dark Screen on Live Pendrive

Usually all the laptops today have a "Fn" or a function key, which can be used in combination with another key to control screen brightness.

I haven't used a gateway ever before but i assume there must be one of those keys in the top row which has a brightness icon.

Fn + Up(Arrow Key)
 would be my best guess.

Or Fn + Brightness Up key

Some examples of brightness keys:

Hope that helps you.


How do I fix grub so that it shows up during boot?

The problem is probably due to the wrong partition being booted when the computer starts.

To fix this boot from a live CD

Open system -> administration -> gparted partition editor
Check which partition is flagged with boot

if the partition flagged with boot is ntfs (File System column) it probably means the computer boots into Windows without passing by grub. (If it is not marked with ntfs do not continue with my instructions)

To fix this right click on your the ext4 (File System column) (the Ubuntu partition) manage flags and select boot.

Restart your PC and you should be presented with the GRUB menu.

If your computer refuses to boot after proceeding with the above steps, reboot from the live CD and mark the lately flagged ntfs partition back with boot.


Welcome to Ask Ubuntu! This is a rather common question, people install Ubuntu alongside Windows, but Windows still boots without offering the option of Ubuntu. This is often caused by GRUB/GRUB2 (the bootloader that allows you to choose which OS to load) not being installed in the Master Boot Record (the place that tells the BIOS what to boot).

The fix usually is pretty simple, there are two relatively easy options (taken from https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

  Getting Boot-Repair

  1st option : get a CD including Boot-Repair

  The easiest way to use Boot-Repair is to burn one of the following disks and boot on it.

  Boot-Repair-Disk is a CD starting Boot-Repair automatically.

  Boot-Repair is also included in Linux-Secure-Remix.

  Remark : you can also install the ISO on a live-USB (eg via UnetBootin or LiliUSB or Universal USB Installer).

  2nd option : install Boot-Repair in Ubuntu

  boot your computer on a Ubuntu live-CD or live-USB.
  choose "Try Ubuntu"
  connect internet
  open a new Terminal, then type:

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get
  update

  Press Enter.
  Then type:

  sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)

  Press Enter

Then, once it's installed, do the following:

  Recommended repair

  launch Boot-Repair from either :

  the Dash

  (the Ubuntu logo at the top-left of the screen)

  or

  System->Administration->Boot-Repair menu (Ubuntu 10.04 only)

  or

  by typing boot-repair in a terminal

  Then click the "Recommended repair" button. When repair is finished, note the URL (paste.ubuntu.com/XXXXX) that appeared on a
  paper, then reboot and check if you recovered access to your OSs.
  If the repair did not succeed, indicate the URL to people who help you by email or forum.

Hope this helps!


Copying to/from NTFS partitions very slow

It is hard to help you with so few hardware information...

Do you have several hard disk drives/solid state drives ? Can you tell us its/their make and model ?
Are you copying from an USB hard disk drive ?
If you launch the "Disk Utility", is/are your hard disk drive(s) healthy (no bad sector, ...) ?

If I were you I would first check that all my drives are healthy with "Disk Utility", then I would perform some read benchmark tests with "Disk Utility". Then I would make some write tests (copy of big files [several GBs] from your home folder to one another folder in your home directory), then from your NTFS partition to your home folder again (big files of several GBs each), ..., to further reduce the list of possible problems.


I would advise upgrading to a supported version of Ubuntu.
Ubuntu (Linux in general) has generic drivers. This means drivers are shipped WITH the operating system and though those drivers might not support all available options for all printers most of us users do get the options we want.

So to install your printers search for the option printers and let it scan for your printer. It will most likely either find the printer, scanner and 7in1 card reader.

This should be the image (or a look alike of it) of the printer dialog (see the add?):

From there you just need to have the printer on and connected to your system for it to find it.


User's default shell does not affect sourced files on login

The solution was to restart my machine.

After the restart, .profile was no longer sourced.

I tested this by typing some nonsense into the .profile and after logging out and back in, I did not get any errors.


BCM4356 (brcmfmac) on ThinkPad T560 sees networks but rejects password

I have a similar situation with the brcmfmac driver and achieve a connection by going to the terminal immediately after logging in and entering;sudo modprobe -r brcmfmacThen wait a couple of seconds and enter;sudo modprobe brcmfmacYou might have to forget the connection, re-add it ticking start automatically and then reboot and try the commands again.Also read about the naming of firmware files for your chipset here


If you are using Ubuntu, you can try the "Disk Utility".  If that fails, it may be because the USB has been partitioned incorrectly.  If that is true, then you should use "GParted" to re-partition and format.  You should format your USB to Fat32 to be compatible with most other operating systems, but that is your choice to decide.

GParted is available through the Ubuntu Software Center, if not already installed and Disk Utility should have been installed with your Ubuntu Package.

You may already know this, but, you need to use caution when using GParted, or you could damage your HDD if you select the wrong drive.  Just be sure you are selecting the USB.


It seems that your computer is too new for the built-in graphics drivers to work.

Maybe you can find Intel microcode that works via the following link, or some other link when searching for 'Intel i3 8100 processor linux' (without quotes).

Downloads for Intel® Core™ i3-8100 Processor (6M Cache, 3.60 GHz)


Install Ubuntu 16.04.1 amd64 on a Lenovo T61

Of course you can, I have exactly the same laptop (T61) and am running Kubuntu amd64 on it without any issues. All the special thinkpad keys (volume, brightness etc..) work fine too.  However 2GB of ram (same for me) is not much, which means you'd better not open too many applications at the same time. I would advise  a decent swap partition too (I've setup mine at 3GB).


Strange output of btrfs fi df after converting from RAID0 to RAID1

This is because the data in question were in use during convert or something like that. Anyway, it can be fixed without redoing/reformatting everything by running

btrfs balance start -dconvert=raid1,soft -mconvert=raid1,soft /status

over and over until it looks good. I had the same problem, first balance left some data in old profile, second balance fixed it and everything was in new profile.


Where to download Ubuntu without bittorrent

You can get it straight from ubuntu.com using this link:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop

Or for the i386 specifically (32-bit)

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/thank-you?version=16.04&architecture=i386


What Terminal command would I use to launch a Java Executable?

If it's a Jar, then you have to

java -jar filename.jar

else if it's a jnlp

javaws filename.jnlp

I hope that works


Navigating to folders not visible in Files

Files or folders where the file name starts with a dot as in .m2 are treated as "hidden files" in linux. That means that they are considered files or folders that the user does not need to see during his day to day work.

You can see and search for hidden files and folders by turning on "Show hidden files" in Nautilus. You can find the option under the button with the three vertical dots in the top bar. A faster way to toggle this option on and off is to press Ctrl+h.

If you feel that that folder .m2 should not be hidden, then rename it so it does not have a dot at the beginning of the file name.


I would recommend GitKraken because it is pretty polished, but it is closed-source.


Can I install 14.04 over pre-installed 12.04 desktop?

Yes you can.

During the installation you will be prompted what to do; one of the options is to -replace- the current operating system (in your case 12.04). This will erase everything and have you start from scratch.

Whatever you do: make sure your personal files are on a backup and make sure you can view the backup.

Example image with 11.10 going to 12.04:


Super and arrow key has started switching tty

Your Super key can switch from performing as expected when your keyboard mode switches from raw. (Good explanation of the differences between keyboard modes can be found here). This occurred to me after using the Magic SysRq key to switch the keyboard from raw mode while my system slowed while paging memory.

You can check what mode your keyboard is in with sudo kbd_mode and if it is not in raw change it back with sudo kbd_mode -s. Full info at https://linux.die.net/man/1/kbd_mode


Are you sure this is not a hardware problem, try checking with another keyboard or reboot and enter bios setup and test key by setting a password for bios, if key is not working try cleaning it, something may be lodged under it.
If the key is "just blocked" in Ubuntu please let me know the details of the system > preference > keyboard [Layouts Tab].


Note before starting:
This functionality depends on both your hardware and software. If your hardware doesn't support fan speed controls, or doesn't show them to the OS, it is very likely that you could not use this solution. If it does, but the software (aka kernel) doesn't know how to control it, you are without luck.

Install the lm-sensors and fancontrol packages.

Configure lm-sensors as follows:

In terminal type sudo sensors-detect and answer YES to all YES/no questions.
(Potentially, this can damage your system or cause system crash. For a lot of systems, it is safe. There is no guarantee that this process will not damage your system permanently, I just think that chance of such critical failure is really really low. Saving all your work for eventual crashes/freezes/restarts before handling system configuration is always good idea. If you feel unsure, read the comments and try to search a web and get some high-level overview before YES-ing everything, maybe being selective with your YES-es will still be enough)

At the end of sensors-detect, a list of modules that need to be loaded will be displayed. Type "yes" to have sensors-detect insert those modules into /etc/modules, or edit /etc/modules yourself.

Run sudo service kmod start  This will read the changes you made to /etc/modules in step 3, and insert the new modules into the kernel.

Note: If you're running Ubuntu 12.04 or lower, this 3rd step command should be replaced by sudo service module-init-tools restart

Configure fancontrol

In terminal type sudo pwmconfig . This script will stop each fan for 5 seconds to find out which fans can be controlled by which PWM handle. After script loops through all fans, you can configure which fan corresponds to which temperature.
You will have to specify what sensors to use. This is a bit tricky. If you have just one fan, make sure to use a temperature sensor for your core to base the fancontrol speed on.
Run through the prompts and save the changes to the default location.
Make adjustments to fine-tune /etc/fancontrol and use sudo service fancontrol restart to apply your changes. (In my case I set interval to 2 seconds.)

Set up fancontrol service

Run sudo service fancontrol start. This will also make the fancontrol service run automatically at system startup.

In my case /etc/fancontrol for CPU I used:
Settings for hwmon0/device/pwm2:
(Depends on hwmon0/device/temp2_input)
(Controls hwmon0/device/fan2_input)
  INTERVAL=2
  MINTEMP=40
  MAXTEMP=60
  MINSTART=150
  MINSTOP=0
  MINPWM=0
  MAXPWM=255

and on a different system it is:
  INTERVAL=10
  DEVPATH=hwmon1=devices/platform/coretemp.0 hwmon2=devices/platform/nct6775.2608
  DEVNAME=hwmon1=coretemp hwmon2=nct6779
  FCTEMPS=hwmon2/pwm2=hwmon1/temp2_input
  FCFANS=hwmon2/pwm2=hwmon2/fan2_input
  MINTEMP=hwmon2/pwm2=49
  MAXTEMP=hwmon2/pwm2=83
  MINSTART=hwmon2/pwm2=150
  MINSTOP=hwmon2/pwm2=15
  MINPWM=hwmon2/pwm2=14
  MAXPWM=hwmon2/pwm2=255

here is some useful info on the settings and what they really do


Well, let me tell you from my perspective.
On my system, in /etc/netplan there is a file with the name 50-cloud-init.yaml
The comment block in it goes like:
# This file is generated from information provided by
# the datasource.  Changes to it will not persist across an instance.
# To disable cloud-init's network configuration capabilities, write a file
# /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following:
# network: {config: disabled}

I guess, creating 99-disable-network-config.cfg makes a process read it and  prevent creating the yaml file.


Why does Ubuntu logins to an Orange Screen?

Could you try to enter low graphics mode please? When logging in click on the Ubuntu button next to your name and select "Ubuntu fallback" (or something along those lines). If that doesn't work, either your installation is defective or this is a bug.  If this is a bug, then you should report it on Ubuntu's Launchpad page.


For Firefox you should have Torbutton.  Besides integrating with SOCKS and Polipo, it comes with many security options.

It's not recommend to use Chrome with Tor.


How to know which standard my Wi-Fi connection is currently using

The utility iw shows the used bitrate and indicates the used IEEE 802.11 standard by its listed capabilities.
Read your interface name from the iw dev output, and use it within <name>.
iw dev <name> link

Example output when associated with a legacy (non-802.11n) AP:
    tx bitrate: 36.0 MBit/s

"MCS index", indicating a 802.11n AP:
    tx bitrate: 300.0 MBit/s MCS 15 40Mhz short GI

"VHT", indicating support for 802.11ac:
    tx bitrate: 86.7 MBit/s VHT-MCS 8 short GI VHT-NSS 1

Compare this with the linux driver 802.11n table. You'll see how the example "MCS 15 40Mhz short GI" 300 MBit/s corresponds to a row within the "HT40 rates" for the "short 400ns GI" column.
To see what your wifi adapter is general capable of, independent of the AP link, run iw phy0 info (synonymous to iw list) and look for keywords like HT (802.11n) / VHT (802.11ac, (Very) High Throughput), MCS (Modulation and Coding Schemes) index number and long/short GI (Guard Interval).
For more explanations, continue with this superuser answer.


Most programs only read their configuration files when they are started or restarted. Rebooting your system forced lightdm to start again, and it then read its configuration file so your changes took effect.


Is there an automatic conversion utility deb-to-snap?

This script was a good one, however, it's aging and not supported anymore. The good news is that you have easier way now with snapcraft to do it!

Basically, you have snapcraft parts, and you can attach to them some stage-packages that will download your deb from the Ubuntu repo (ppa support is in progress). The resulting binary will be put in the snapcraft stage directoy.
I encourage you to have a look at this page (section "Adding an Ubuntu dependency to a part"): https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/snappy/build-apps/your-first-snap/ where you can see that fswebcam is pulled from the upstream repository, and then, have a look at the snapcraft tutorial: https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/snappy/build-apps/get-started/


According to HP, your laptop supports Intel 802.11b/g/n.

Try this, download wicd and see if it connects.  I had the same problem earlier on a cheap Lenovo ion laptop, although it now works with network manager in 12.04.  Recently, the chip used for WiFi had problems with Linux, but Ive not heard of this lately.  Update your question with wicd results....  Good luck

This sometimes happens with wicd.

Check this out, too.

Good luck...


First try whether it works without additional drivers:

system-config-printer

and try to Add; if it is found there you save a lot of work

If this doesn't work try this link, it is especially about your printer, so this should work


If you want to play around with a lightweight SQL RDBMS, SQLite (Ubuntu package) is the standard choice. You have multiple options to use SQLite:

Command-line

You can use the SQLite program directly from the command line by running

sqlite3 /some/database/file.sqlite

Type commands and press Enter (remember the trailing semicolon).

GUI

Alternatively, you can install sqliteman, which provides a nice GUI browser for SQLite databases; you can also enter SQL code and execute it (displaying the results in the GUI):

Install via terminal:

sudo apt-get install sqliteman

Or:

Caveat

Be aware that SQLite takes some unusual design decisions for an RDBMS:

No client-server architecture
Dynamically typed; SQLite does not enforce many constraints that other RDBMSs insist on. If you want to simulate MySQL-like typing, you have to explicitly add CHECK constraints.


How do I round numbers to the nearest integer from the command line?

Run the contents of the file through printf function.

 $ xargs -a numbers.txt -n1 printf "%1.f "
    556 569 582 648 1000 1041 1386 1418 1998 2182 2384

Also ,Ubuntu has nice little program called numfmt which allows formating numbers to user defined standards, and human readable.

For example,

$ xargs -a numbers.txt -n1 numfmt  --to=si --round=up | xargs echo
556 570 583 649 1.0K 1.1K 1.4K 1.5K 2.0K 2.2K 2.4K

Check man numfmt for more info.


When you did a backup of the drive, it was protected with bitlocker encryption and the backup was also protected with bitlocker so suggest if you can please remove the bitlocker encryption from the drive before making a backup then you won't face any problem booting up the drive.


Can I speed up File Sync for Ubuntu One?

Simple answer is No!, I am afraid, apart from the obvious, adsl speeds, etc.

I am having the same issue. I have been trying to sync my documents folder of 1.4GB, it still hasn't worked and it has been syncing for a month. The top level syncs, files and folders in the Document folders, but contents of sub-folders just hang.

I have tried using the backup facility in 11.10, to backup to Ubuntu One.... I upgraded my HDD space in Ubuntu One. It has been going now for 24hours and only backed up what looks like a couple of percent.

The odd thing is I can sync to drop box within hours, rather than months.

This is bad, and has been an issue since Ubuntu One's release. I have reported this problem and there were promises in later releases this would be fixed, but it hasn't.

Canonical cannot help either...

So my advice is to use dropbox or another service, until it is sorted, but as Ubuntu does not seem to see this as an issue, I think a fix will be a long time in coming.

Yes my internet speeds are fine, etc... :-)

Thanks


Command to output lines in file in alphabetical order?

Use sort.

Example file contents:

one
four
eight
nine
thirteen

To sort alphabetically:

sort filename

...which will give:

eight
four
nine
one
thirteen

If you want go from z-a, then use sort -r


Are FFMPEG, Imageshack Included on Ubuntu Server?

No Image and Video applications are included in Ubuntu Server, but I don't think it would be wise to have them on a server anyway. Uses up resources, you know?

But, if you feel so inclined, you can install them, I think.

https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/UbuntuCompilationGuide

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ImageMagick


Detection of USB port and serial port from 64-bit Ubuntu to 32-bit guest Ubuntu in VirtualBox

To be able to access the USB ports in the virtualbox machine then you have to belong to the vboxusers group so add yourself with:

sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers $USER

Then restart your system and try again.


Google Chrome not rendering webpages correctly

The issue was with the graphic drivers.

I downloaded and installed the latest driver from AMD
and now everything looks fine.

Thanks to @tijybba.


If you are being booted into the Grub2 commandline automatically then it means your flashdrive is having technical issues. You'll need to set it up again. If you run into the same issue again, try a different usb-creator tool, different flashdrive, or try using a DVD instead.
If you are intentionally booting into the Grub2 commandline, and wish to see a list of your drives from Grub2, you can use the command:

ls

screenshot of ls command in action


You can empty the trash by clicking the waste-bin on the bottom of the launcher, and clicking "Empty Trash."

In the Dash, search for Disk Usage Analyzer, and scan your hard drive. This will show you what files are taking up the most space, and where they are. Once you have some free space, I recommend using a program like BleachBit to clean up your junk files from time to time.

If the Disk Usage Analyzer shows that the root or / folder is full, please have a look at this answer: https://askubuntu.com/a/266835/465804


The version string for gnome-shell 3.28.1 is 3.28.1-0ubuntu2 which is still available in repository/pool. To downgrade run,

sudo apt install gnome-shell-common=3.28.1-0ubuntu2 gnome-shell=3.28.1-0ubuntu2

These won't be automatically upgraded unless done explicitly.


I need to assume a bit - as your initial post is missing some informations.

Assuming:

both computers are in the same network
both computers are connected to this local network (be it wired or using wifi) or directly to each other
computer1 is running linux

To break it down

If both computers are in the same local network, it is possible in general.
They both need access to either the same local router or directly to each other.

In case of direct connection:
Connect the computers using a crossover cable (may not be necessary most modern ethernet cards should auto negotiate the connection)

Then configure the network card on both sides accordingly (i would go for fix ip addresses)

To share the files from computer1 to computer2, you would need to setup some kind of network-share on computer1 (There are several options and protocols here - i.e. ssh ,ftp, samba etc). People often use samba in such cases.

You should be able to find tons of tutorials on how to setup samba, one possible is here

Even shorter

Yes it is possible.


HP Pavilion dv9410us Model Drivers for Ubuntu?

if you using laptop,, usually the LAN driver already installed, and you have to download the driver VGA and wlan manually. to download it you have to connect to internet using LAN (wired connection) and then go to the "additional driver" let the additional driver searching for your driver and then select the driver that you want to install. then click activated, let the driver downloaded and you can use your WiFi and VGA driver.

I hope it will help you. . .  you can click the link to see the image


When one disables the root account via the terminal, what output can one expect?

I'm going to say that, if you try to disable the root account when it's not enabled, Ubuntu will just tell you so and exit. I think that's what you're asking.


Can I use a specific date format for CONKY?

According to the documentation the 'time' variable in conky takes an optional format-string. From the conky variables page i got this.

time (format) Local time, see man strftime to get more information about format

ie ${time %H:%M} will output the time in 24-hour format.

So do a man strftime to find out the correct format string for your needs.

For more information on conky variables take a look at this: conky variables


You can  install a bluetooth driver this way

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtl8723au-bt-dkms rtlwifi-new-dkms linux-firmware

and reboot.

But if you previously installed Realtek wireless drivers from another source, you need to uninstall them first.


Ubuntu download with wget and parameters

You need to use switch --output-document=test.torrent instead -o.

This should work.

$ wget "http://abc/?page=download&tid=348168" --output-document=test.torrent

For more information on wget, you can always,

$ man wget

or in app help,

$ wget --help | less


How to enable integrated GPU (with QSV) on Coffee Lake CPU in Ubuntu 18.x

For anyone who stumbles across this thread in a search: after using ukuu to update to mainline kernel 4.18.11-041811-generic, hardware video transcoding with Quick Sync now works. If you update your kernel to 4.18.11-041811-generic and that alone doesn't solve the issue, perhaps the updated video drivers from the oibaf PPA are needed too; I already had those installed prior to updating my kernel.


encfs 1.7 1.8 nameio version 4:0:0 incompatibility

You're trying to use 1.8.1 created data with the 1.7.4 program. Often times data from newer versions of programs just isn't compatible with older versions of programs, so it just won't work. Backwards compatibility is often do-able, but forwards compatibility is another beast.

Your best bet may be to try a secure file transfer (ssh?) or send a more universally compatible file format, maybe a .tar.gz.gpg archive (pipe into gpg to avoid unencrypted files lying around) or a LUKS container.

In general you can't upgrade everything on an old version of Ubuntu to the same versions as a new Ubuntu. There may be a backport available, but I don't see one for Encfs, or a PPA, or you could try searching https://packages.ubuntu.com and just try directly installing the newer packages (from 16.04) on your old (14.04) system but it's not guaranteed, or even likely to succeed, and could even create conflicts and "break" important things too.


Those packages come from the phablet-team/tools PPA. As described in the install instructions, that PPA contains "tools and dependencies to support Precise, Quantal, and Raring".

So you will need to upgrade to a newer version of Ubuntu to use the packages found in that PPA.


screen shots taken in ubuntu are not opening in windows 8

The problem you are facing probably isn't the lengh of the name, but the presence of colon : which isn't accepted by the filesystem most Windows use, i. e., NTFS.

See here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS


I found a solution. Disable USB Attached SCSI (uas) for the device.

bash -c 'cat <<EOF >/etc/modprobe.d/ignore_uas.conf
options usb-storage quirks=0525:3102:u
EOF' | sudo update-initramfs -u
sudo reboot

Read more on OpenSuse wiki


Is there a general way to get a .deb file for a newer package version than is in the standard sources?

So, there's not going to be easy answers for this, as we are all dependent upon the developers bringing packages to our systems, and if we would prefer debs, we have to hope or convince them to create those packages.

However, there is a way that you can do this with Ubuntu, in the manner that I think you want.

You will need to load onto your system CheckInstall which is available in the Ubuntu repositories.  With CheckInstall you can take the source file from a .tar.gz, and build a .deb file for use on your system.

Usage of CheckInstall is on the Ubuntu help page link I gave earlier.  The drawback is that you may have to read through the documentation of the source files to ensure that you have any needed dependencies.

I do note also, that SuperTuxKart is available in the lastest version as a snap, and Blender 2.79b is available in that method as well.  I have heard that the snaps will be more up to date than what is available in the repositories, and they auto update.

sudo snap install supertuxkart
sudo snap install blender


How to install Ubuntu Touch on unofficial cyanogenmod ports

You should find a compatible CyanogenMod for your device and install that on your device to get the binary "blobs", which are the core parts of the Android kernel and the drivers.
Then you should edit those and/or their configuration files to be compatible with Ubuntu Touch.

Here is possible to find a complete HOW-TO:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Porting#Building_the_Android_pieces


I need to install the testdisk and photorec on another media i.e. USB drive?

Yes, You first need to make a bootable USB drive that contains testdisk. You can do this by using another computer, or your windows partition. Then boot from the USB you have created and follow the instructions, for example https://www.maketecheasier.com/recover-data-and-partitions-for-free-with-testdisk/

I suggest you make an image of your Linux partion first, with https://www.maketecheasier.com/clone-drives-and-partitions-with-clonezilla/ and work from that image.


gnome-terminal highlight URLs ending in close-paren

Strictly speaking this is not incorrect per se, since there is no standard describing how to locate the exact boundaries of a link inside a text. It's a bit of guesswork, and as such, there will always be cases when it doesn't exactly do what you're hoping for.

URLs sometimes appear inside parantheses, e.g. (http://example.com), and here the desired behavior is to exclude the closing parenthesis.

The regular expressions that locate URLs were completely rewritten in gnome-terminal version 3.18.3. However, the new behavior isn't what you're looking for either. The new behavior terminates the URL before the ( character.

These regexes are not configurable, you have to edit gnome-terminal's source code and recompile in order to change them.

Update: In bug 763980 we further improved gnome-terminal to correctly handle both cases. Beginning with version 3.25.1, it allows balanced pairs of parentheses in URLs. As such, in http://example.com/foo_(bar) (or in your example) the trailing parenthesis will be part of the URL, whereas in (http://example.com/foo) it won't.


How do I make MS Excel macros work in Ubuntu?

This is not an Ubuntu question per se, but might be something new users may struggle with. In principle Excel macros only run in Excel, the language was not conceived to be portable. Here's what, for instance, the LibreOffice help says about it:

  With a few exceptions, Microsoft Office and LibreOffice cannot run the
  same macro code. Microsoft Office uses VBA (Visual Basic for
  Applications) code, and LibreOffice uses Basic code based on the
  LibreOffice API (Application Program Interface) environment. Although
  the programming language is the same, the objects and methods are
  different.

In essence if you want a portable programme you should program on a portable platform. I'd say you have two options:

Ask the author of the code to provide it to you on another language or support (I assume you are not the author since you don't own Excel).
Purchase Excel and run it on Wine or PlayOnLinux


Searching source of Malware in Chromium extensions

Yes, they will be there because you only removed the application however your profile and all of its data still lives on your Ubuntu.

You have to remove your profiles:

mv ~/.config/chromium ~/.config/chromium.removed

then reinstall it, you should be fine now, do not forget if your Google sync was enabled, enabling it again brings the extension and its malicious configs back to your browser.

If that's the case then follow these instructions:

  To stop syncing and clear your synced data or reset a sync passphrase, follow these steps:

  Open your Google Dashboard. Make sure you are signed in to your Google Account.
      Click Reset sync to stop syncing and clear all of your synced data.
      Click OK.

  Note: You only need to do this once. It will stop sync on all of your devices and remove your synced data from your Google Account.


Can't install apt-file and ubuntu tweak in terminal

The problem is most likely that you don't have the universe or multiverse repositories enabled - not all software is in the core ubuntu distribution.  Luckily, it's simple to enable those from the system menu:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu

Additionally, even though those are command line programs, you can install them from the ubuntu software center or another graphical package manager.


Can I sync only some music to Ubuntu One, or stream to a pc?

There's currently no Ubuntu One music streaming player for Ubuntu. It'd be nice if there were and you fancied a spare-time project, though :) Let me know if you're interested...


How to configure apache / php / postfix website emails when using vhosts?

The accepted answer got me half way, thanks. In order to make each vhost send email with the correct return path I had to add sections like this in the apache2 vhost configurations:

<IfModule mod_php5.c>
    php_admin_value sendmail_path "/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f webmaster@domain.name"
</IfModule>


Pure Qt application (QML/QtQuick) on Ubuntu Phone?

It will depend on what you're using. If your app uses any Android-specific APIs for things like notifications or background services, then you'll need to replace those with something that works on Ubuntu.

Also, if you are using QtQuick.Controls components, you'll either need to replace them with equivalent Ubuntu.Components or include the QtQuick.Controls package in your app's package, as I don't think we include that as part of the base install.


How to install latest GTK for creating C programs

You are missing a dependency required to run this program. Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install libgtk-3-dev

Then compile the source code test.c with the following command:

gcc-5 `pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0` -o test test.c `pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0`

I used gcc-5 instead of gcc-7 in Ubuntu 16.0-4 and test.c compiled successfully. In the upcoming release of Ubuntu 17.10 the gcc-7 package will be included in the default Ubuntu repositories and it will be possible to install gcc-7 quickly and easily with apt instead of gcc-5 which I have installed with apt in 16.04. In Ubuntu 18.04 GCC 7 is the default version of GCC and gcc-8-base can be installed from the default Ubuntu 18.04 repositories.

Then run the program with this command:

./test

and the results will be that an empty 200 × 200 pixel window with the title Window will appear which you can resize or close by clicking on the X. The window looks similar to the window in the Getting Started with GTK+ tutorial except that it has the default theme for your operating system.


Playonlinux/Wine: How to add directories for quick access

This is possible, and no worries, it's not at all technical! With a Word document open, perform the following steps.

Open the save dialog box.
Navigate to the folder you want to add
Right-Click in the left "places" pane and add the directory you're viewing.

That's it. I've included a demo below that you can click to enlarge. If you have slow Internet access, give it a second. It's about 1M to load.


How can I downgrade a system that accidentally had backports installed?

In case you've upgraded to Precise, it has the backport repository enabled by default, however, nothing should have been installed unless selected.

From the Release Notes

  Backports are now more easily accessible -- to enable users to more easily receive new versions of software, the Ubuntu Backports repository is now enabled by default. Packages from backports will not be installed by default — they must explicitly be selected in package management software. However, once installed, packages from backports will automatically be upgraded to newer versions.


Picasa is running but not shown anywhere on the screen or in the application bar

Remove the folder ~/.google/picasa and start the application again, this will reset your Picasa settings and cache.

Please be aware that you will loose you pictures/images library so a backup seems in order.

To make a backup and remove the folder from your home open a terminal and type

mv ~/.google/picasa ~/picasa_bak

You will be able to find your previous settings and library in ~/picasa_bak. In case you want to restore the old folder just move it back to where it was before.

You can also do this by opening Nautilus and in your home folder press Ctrl+h, look for the .google folder and move the picasa folder somewhere else.

Also, if you think this might be a bug, you can report it on the Picasa user groups here

https://groups.google.com/a/googleproductforums.com/forum/#!forum/picasa


Can't connect to ubuntu archive when using apt-get update

It seems that something is wrong with your mirrors.

If you run nslookup ph.archive.ubuntu.com you get the IP of server which is: 202.90.159.172, but if you try to ping it: ping ph.archive.ubuntu.com you're not going to get any response.

Also if you have look at Ubuntu mirrors list, you can see that this mirror does not exist there, I guess it's down for a while.

Change your mirrors, then update your sources.

A fast workaround is to use sed to change ph with us mirrors:

sudo sed -i s/ph.archive/us.archive/  /etc/apt/sources.list


How to edit grub .cfg file so that it points to iso image?

A very simple way of creating a GRUB menuentry for a bootable ISO file is to use grml-rescueboot.

The package does the following:

Creates a /boot/grml folder.

Automatically adds menuentries to the GRUB menu for any ISO files located in the /boot/grml folder. This is accomplished whenever the update-grub command is executed.
    The created menuentry, when selected, provides submenu options on how to boot the ISO, including the "Try Ubuntu" and "Install" options.

To use the grml-rescueboot option:

1. Install grml-rescueboot sudo apt-get install grml-rescueboot

2. Place bootable ISO files in the /boot/grml folder. Since this is a system folder, the operation must be conducted as "root". For example, if the ISO is located in the user's Downloads folder, the command would be:

sudo mv ~/Downloads/<filename.iso> /boot/grml/

3. Update GRUB

sudo update-grub

Since you want to boot from USB, I would suggest that you install a Light version of Ubuntu like xubuntu to the USB drive, boot it and then follow the instructions above installing grub and updating on the USB drive. If this is unclear, leave me a comment regarding any confusion and I'll attempt further clarification.

Sources:

Experience

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/ISOBoot


My Advice is for you to use the commandline commands from a console screen via the Live CD.

First boot to live CD.  Choose the Try Ubuntu option.  Enter the Terminal Console.  Then run these steps:

Fix grup boot:

1) boot to the Ubuntu installation disk
2) Run the "Try Ubuntu" option
3) Bring up a terminal (Launch search "terminal")
4) Run these commands (exactly):

a) sudo mount /dev/sdaX /mnt  # Make "X" the partition that has Ubuntu installed (i.e. /dev/sda2).
b) for i in /sys /proc /run /dev; do sudo mount --bind "$i" "/mnt/$i"; done
c) sudo chroot /mnt
d) update-grub
e) if no errors skip this "e" section
    grub-install /dev/sdX (x is the hard drive that has linux installed (i.e. /dev/sda)
    update-grub

The key to your specific case is the "update-grub".  However, you have to have that installation active when you run it.  Therefore the other steps are important.


If all you're trying to do is bring up the menu to select a boot device, you can do this:

Turn the machine on / Reboot
Immediately hold down the Option key until the boot selection screen appears

This usually takes around 10 seconds


Is sed the way to extract a number which is to become part of a command line being constructed?

Try this:

ufw insert $(sed -n '/ALLOW/{s/^.*ALLOW *\[ *\([0-9]\+\).*$/\1/;p;q}' <(ufw status numbered)) allow from '%IP%' to any; ufw reload


Ubuntu changes sound device after suspend, how to fix?

If you don't want to reboot, simply restart pulseaudio:

pulseaudio --kill; pulseaudio --start


The program gsutil needs some more arguments to run. So gsutil alone will not produce anything helpfuk, except the output you pasted.  So i.e. to upload your PNG photos issue the command

gsutil cp *.png gs://my_pngs

Just have a look at the gsutil Reference Guide. This document explains how you should use gsutil.

But also your definition of the $PATH seems not correct. You wrote:

export PATH=${PATH}:$usr/bin/gsutil

Have you really set a variable $usr? I assume you want to use the directory /usr. If this is your intention you should substitute the $ and write a / instead. The second questions that comes into mind is: Is /usr/bin/gsutil a directory? I assume this is your executable file. So your definition will not work anyway. If you try to enter echo $PATH you will see that /usr/bin is already defined as part of your path. So gsutil will be called like any other program and there is no need setting the PATH variable.


How can I have my server show some images or movies on startup or in response to user input?

First, you will need a graphics subsytem. Plain old X-Windows will probably do it but you might want a simple window manager like openbox. Then you will need to tell X to output the logo and run your program. Your program then will need to execute the commands to display movies or images as requested. If you have the user log on first or autologin, then such commands can be put in the users local X configuration files. Here are some of the things I did in a Debian system a few years ago:

apt-get -y install xorg
apt-get -y  install xloadimage # For xsetbg command
apt-get-y  -y install xdm
apt-get  -y install openbox
apt-get -y feh #  [for displaying pictures]

To change login page picture, put pixmap file (.xpm ) in /usr/share/X11/xdm/pixmaps then edit /etc/X11/xdm/Xresources to point to the pixmap file.
To create pixmap from jpg, use site www.online-utility.org/image_converter.jsp or http://www.convertmyimage.com/

The user's .bashrc and .xsession will have to be customized to run your program in a loop. I did everything in shell scripts. You might need to download other utilities depending on what you want to do and how you want it displayed. I used gxmessage to do all the info output and read reply selections.

Edit: I used this same exact application on both 386 and Raspberry Pi systems.


When is $PATH set?

About /etc/profile:

As we can read here:

  ...The /etc/profile file is not very different however it is used to
  set system wide environmental variables on users shells. The variables
  are sometimes the same ones that are in the .bash_profile, however
  this file is used to set an initial PATH or PS1 for all shell users of
  the system.

and:

  In addition to the setting environmental items the /etc/profile will
  execute the scripts within /etc/profile.d/*.sh

Which means that $PATH (for all users) is actually set by scripts in /etc/profile.d, as we can also conclude here.

Looking into my system, not all is exactly as described here, but the information is confirmed nevertheless.

A quick (textual) search in /etc on the string: /usr/local/bin, of which I know it is in my (global) $PATH, produces the file /etc/environment, which contains the line:

PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games"

These are exactly the directories in my $PATH (apart from the local ones).

The bottom line is that $PATH is not set before the scripts in /etc/init.d are run, but actually set by scripts in etc/init.d

What to do?

The answer here suggest to set the $PATH variable at the top of the script. Looking (again) in my system, that is exactly what was done with e.g. my /etc/init.d/saned script:

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

Using absolute paths like you did will work as well of course.


Gennymotion unable to load virtualbox engines

First make sure that your user is in the vboxuser group. To do this run the following command:

sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers $USER

then force the VirtualBox Module compilation by running following command:

sudo /etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup

If the above command fails, use:

sudo /sbin/rcvboxdrv setup

then try to restart virtualBox from command line

/usr/bin/VirtualBox restart


How do I change the default log-in to Xubuntu on Ubuntu 12.04?

The reason appears to be that I had not logged in to Xubuntu manually- which I couldn't do previously because logging out of Unity caused the inexcapable "low graphics" error. Once I had worked around that ( making sure that everying was up to date- that one was a known ubuntu error ) the system automatically logged into it. Guessing it must have needed some session stuff configured.


Issue when installing anything from terminal

Just wait for the automated update search to finish. It will release the lock, and you can install just fine after it.


TLDR

top -b -n1 | sed '1,6d'

Long answer

You could use the -b option of top :

  -b : Batch mode operation
        Starts top in 'Batch mode', which could be useful for
        sending output from  top  to other programs  or  to
        a file.  In this mode, top will not accept input and runs
        until the iterations limit you've set with the '-n'
        command-line option  or  until killed.

This basically makes top non-interactive.
You can then pipe any command as you wish, and redirect the output to a file of your choice.

As said in the man, you may want to use the -n option in order to not to have to kill the process. If you want the process to stop as soon as it shows the result, use the -n 1 value.

sed -'1,6d' will get rid of the ressources usage summary (the first 6 lines of the output).

Edit

Possible duplicate of get top output for non interactive shell.


IP Address Shows Instead of Custom Domain Name (Apache)

I fixed the problem. It had to do with my installation of Wordpress. Under Settings - General I needed to set my WordPress Address (URL) to my IP and Site Address (URL) to my custom domain name


This is kind of complex. First of all, the details depend on what kind of shell you are running. To plagiarize myself:

When you open a terminal emulator (gnome-terminal for example), you are executing what is known as an interactive, non-login shell.
When you log into your machine from the command line, or run a command such as su - username, you are running an interactive login shell.
When you log in graphically, you are running something completely different. The details will depend on your system and graphical environment but in general, it is the graphical shell that deals with your login. While many graphical shells (including the Ubuntu default) will read /etc/profile and ~/.profile not all of them do.
Finally, when you run a shell script, it is run in a non-interactive, non-login shell.

The files that bash will read when launched depend on the type of shell it is running as. The following is an excerpt of the INVOCATION section of man bash (emphasis mine):

  When  bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a non-interactive shell with the --login option, it first reads and executes  commands  from  the file /etc/profile, if that file exists.  After reading that file, it looks for ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login, and ~/.profile,
   in  that order, and reads and executes commands from the first one that
  exists and is readable.  The --noprofile option may be  used  when  the
   shell is started to inhibit this behavior.

  When an interactive shell that is not a login shell  is  started,  bash
  reads  and  executes  commands  from /etc/bash.bashrc and ~/.bashrc, if
  these files exist.  This may be inhibited by using the  --norc  option.
  The  --rcfile  file option will force bash to read and execute commands
  from file instead of /etc/bash.bashrc and ~/.bashrc.

Those are the initialization files. You also have /etc/environment where you can set global environmental variables but that's read rather than sourced (commands inside it are not executed but variable definitions are set).

Now, the greeting you see is something else again. That is set in /etc/motd and is displayed through pam_motd. As explained in man motd:

  The contents of /etc/motd are displayed by pam_motd(8) after a
  successful login but just before it executes the login shell.

  The abbreviation "motd" stands for "message of the day", and this
  file    has  been  traditionally  used  for exactly that (it requires
  much less    disk space than mail to all users).

  On Debian GNU/Linux, the content  of  /run/motd.dynamic  is  also
  displayed.  This file is generated by /etc/init.d/motd at boot.

To remove the message just empty the /etc/motd file and make sure that nothing is being generated by /etc/init.d/motd if present.

Anyway, based on the output you show, you seem to be logging in via ssh which means you're running an interactive login shell, see above for what that means.
So, in summary, the things you care about that are sourced when you log in are (and in this order):

The SSH daemon, via the pam_motd module of the PAM library, displays the contents of /etc/motd. Via the pam_env module, it sets the environment variables from /etc/environment and ~/.pam_environment.
A login shell is started, and the following files are read in order:

/etc/profile
/etc/bash.bashrc (the default Ubuntu /etc/profile sources /etc/bash.bashrc).
~/.bash_profile. The other files that could have been read here (~/.profile and ~/.bash_login) are ignored because ~/.bash_profile exists.


How can I disable the lock screen away message in Cinnamon?

Looks like this is a cinnamon setting in

cinnamon -> System Settings -> preferences -> Screensaver & Lock Settings

uncheck the checkbox 'Ask for an away message when locking the screen from menu'


Firefox 15 hangs with Ubuntu kernel update

You can try reseting Firefox.
The easy way
In the menu press Help --> Troubleshooting Information.
In the top right, there will be a reset button.
It will keep your essential data like saved passwords, and bookmarks intact. But sync accounts, modified preferences, about:config modifications will be reset.
The Less easier way
Quit Firefox and run firefox -P. This will run Firefox's profile manager.
Create a new profile, and use it to test out Firefox.
Using this approach, is like installing a fresh copy of Firefox. So all passwords, history, settings, etc... that are saved in the default profile, will not be available in this profile.
To go back to the default profile, just quit Firefox and run firefox -P again, and choose your default account.


Screen freezes for roughly one frame each second

I found the solution in this post: stutter every 500 ms using nvidia-driver
The HDMI cable of one monitor was slightly loose. Weird though that the problem didn't occur in Windows.


1) Open the application you want to create the shortcut for.

2) Right-click the icon that shows up on the launcher

3) Select "Lock to launcher"


Ubuntu files on different drives and disk space requirements?

The official "minimum" space requirements for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS & Ubuntu 17.10 show 25GB of free hard drive space. You probably will want to add some cushion to that so that you don't run into trouble with your SSD -- especially since both Ubuntu and Win10 will increase in size.

Assuming you have 25GB free on the SSD plus some cushion (I'd recommend ~40GB+ free space on the SSD before moving forward), then when you boot to an Ubuntu Live USB stick and step through the installation process, you'll have the opportunity to make choices about where everything gets installed and how.


Is there a text editor with language translation?

Here's one way using translate-shell which is in the Bionic multiverse repository. The homepage is here.
You may need to have gawk, curl, and xsel on your system.
There are a lot of details on the homepage and probably a more efficient way to do things, but this is what I got:
#!/usr/bin/env bash

# source: https://github.com/soimort/translate-shell
# sudo apt install translate-shell
# also needs curl, xsel, and gawk
# sample: https://pl.lipsum.com/

trans -brief "$(xsel -o)" > temp.txt

echo -n "$(cat temp.txt)" | xsel -b -i

In Kubuntu 18.04, I called this script trans.sh, saved it to ~/bin, made it executable, and bound it to Meta+U using the Shortcuts > Custom Shortcuts in System Settings.
On a page such as https://pl.lipsum.com/, I highlight some text, move to the location in the destination text editor (including Kate), press Meta+U, wait a couple of seconds, and then press Ctrl+V. The translated text is pasted in at the cursor position.
Source:

What is Lorem Ipsum?
Lorem Ipsum is a text used as an example filler in the printing industry. It was first used in the 15th century by an unknown printer to fill in a text of a test book. Five centuries later, the electronics industry began to be used, remaining virtually unchanged. Popularized in the 1960s with the publication of Letrasetu sheets, containing fragments of Lorem Ipsum, and recently with the different versions of Lorem Ipsum containing software designed to implement prints on personal computers, such as Aldus PageMaker

Note: in the example script, I've used " but you may prefer using ' unless ' occurs internally as mentioned in the home page:

To avoid punctuation marks (e.g. "!") or other special characters being interpreted by the shell, use single quotes:
...
There are some cases though, you may still want to use double quotes: (e.g. the sentence contains a single quotation mark "'")


Your best option is to use a VPN. There are some instructions on using OpenVPN, but it should be possible to achieve with other VPN technologies as well.


How to install LibreOffice Manually in Lubuntu 13.04?

Take a look into the readmes subdirectory (it's the second folder created after you extracted the .tar.gz). It contains a readme file with a description how to install the application.

It's just one command to issue from inside a console window. To open a console window, open a file manager and select the parent folder of readmes and DEBS (it' named LibreOffice_4.1.1_Linux_x86-64_deb). Do a right-click on the DEBS directory and select Open in Terminal. Now, enter the following command:

sudo dpkg -i *.deb

You may have to enter your password, afterwards the installation should run without any other interaction.


White menu colour on Ubuntu 12.04 live boot

It is not problem, It is the new colour scheme of the ambiance theme


Putting a newline whenever it match third space

If a string $line contains your numbers,
try:

$line =~ s/(.*?\d +.*?\d .*?\d) +/$1\n/g;

We may try it from a file with

perl -pe 's/(.*?\d +.*?\d .*?\d) +/$1\n/g' ex


Kubuntu 15.04 alt key problem after upgrade

The only way I found for the moment was to move content of ~/.config file ...

ctrl+alt+f1
log in
sudo service sddm stop
mv ~/.config ~/.config_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
sudo service sddm start

and worked... for the moment dont want to search which file or directory was responsible for this behaviour...


Files 3.6.3 overwrites existing files when merging two folders

Nautilus was given an over haul so it conforms to "Tablet" mentality. They also removed the split screen feature as well (F3).

So in short, you can't unless you install another filemanager


How to run a single thread 7z benchmarking using the command line?

try this command:

7z b -mmt1

You can read about it here:
http://sevenzip.sourceforge.jp/chm/cmdline/commands/bench.htm


Display non-critical notifications when totem is playing video

No, this is not configurable. There is a proposed compatibility fix that would make this an option, but it hasn't been implemented.


How can I grep the output of a man page?

It turns out that -e is the required switch for grep to protect a pattern beginning with a hyphen (-) so to get the expected result the command would be: man sort | grep -A2 -e "-n,"

which results in:

-n, --numeric-sort
              compare according to string numerical value

--
              sort according to WORD: general-numeric -g, human-numeric -h, month -M, numeric -n, random -R, version -V

       -V, --version-sort

And if I want only the first 2 lines of matching output providing exactly what I expected I have to further pipe it through head as in man sort | grep -A2 -e "-n," | head -2


Error with 'lsb_release -a' in Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial

I am having the same issue as you, but I was able to solve the problem after looking at the file /usr/bin/lsb_release.

The beginning of the file is #!/usr/bin/python3 -Es, meaning that it is using the python interpreter in /usr/bin/python3.

In my system, that file was a symlink to python2.7.

I fixed the issue by removing the symlink /usr/bin/python3, and then replacing it with the correct symlink to python3.5:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/python3.5 /usr/bin/python3


Is eval $(cat filename) the same as source filename?

As already mentioned by @glennjackman, you'll want to quote the command substitution, else word splitting and pathname expansion will modify the content before it gets evaled. And while both will execute the commands from the file, there are differences.

When you source a script, various special shell variables will be modified, mainly the BASH_SOURCE, BASH_LINENO and FUNCNAME arrays. These are useful for printing error messages and debugging.
You can return from a sourced script with the return command (help return). With the eval, you won't get that effect. And similarly a RETURN trap will not be triggered for the eval.
When sourcing a script, you can pass arguments to it. You can't do that with that eval.
With the eval, the command substitution will read the entire content of the file into memory before passing it on to eval. When you source it, bash will read from the file as it goes.


Is it possible to reset qupzilla settings?

A clean install would do just fine, uninstall and remove configuration files using

sudo apt purge qupzilla

Cleanup dependencies

sudo apt autoremove

and install qupzilla

sudo apt install qupzilla


How to install with separate home partition (home partition already created in previous installation)?

You Select "Something Else." I have just converted my 11.04 to 11.10. And I did not lose any data or settings.

When the partition manager opens, you select each partition in turn and click Change and then mark those same partitions with the same mount points as they have now but you do not, I repeat do not, mark the /home partition to be formatted. You can mark / and /boot ( if you have one ) to be formatted. This will clear out completely any old files that may conflict with the new install.

In this way the relevant parts of Ubuntu will be installed into / and /boot but the /home partition will not be touched.

You will need to re-install any programs that you installed since 10.10 was installed but they will detect their configuration files in /home as will the default programs for the install.

May I give you some advice? Before you install backup Evolution and Firefox and install Thunderbird and import your Evolution settings/emails into Thunderbird. Do this because Thunderbird is the default email client and not Evolution. So, if you have already converted to Thunderbird you will have email from the beginning without having to install Evolution. Unless you prefer Evolution.

Backup everything just in case.

Regards.


The same windows are opened every time I log in. Can I fix that?

This depends on what UI/windowmanager setup you're currently using.  You indicated xubuntu, which appears to already have been answered at Xubuntu reopens last session applications even though it shouldn't

If so, please be sure to give that person their updoot.  :D


Why is there a Ubuntu+1 immediately after a stable release?

Less than a month ago, there was a stable release (Saucy) and right now there is one in active development immediately, why is that?

Because there's always a development version. As soon as the development version is frozen, people start work on the next version which then becomes the development version. It just ticks over like that every six months. "+1" simply refers to the "next release".
"+1" is also used to refer to the +2 (etc) when the name isn't know, like "Trusty+1" to refer to 14.10.

Shouldn't development focus on the stable release or both branch/releases will provide the same amount of fixes?

But the stable release is released. By all intents, it's done. It's perfect. The only exceptions to this rule are:

Security updates. This is the major cause for pulling back fixes.
Browser updates. These used to limited to backporting security fixes but it was deemed more beneficial to pull the entire browser forward.
Other Stable Release Upgrades where the significance of the fix is deemed worthwhile (and without damage).
LTS Hardware Enablement stacks. These are bundles of kernels, drivers and X builds that are brought up to the latest stable versions each release so that LTS users can stay mildly updated without changing the rest of the system. This is important given the speed of graphics improvements (and new hardware) these days.

What you're describing is a rolling release where stable and development are practically the same thing. That's not how Ubuntu works.

What will change in the new development release that can't be imported from the current stable release?

Anything. Everything.
With the exception of the list above, nothing changes in a stable release. The idea is to keep a stable release stable and that's done by modifying it as little as possible.


DNS lookups on my Ubuntu 16.04 machine have suddenly started returning 10.0.0.1 for everything, intermittently. Why?

Do you happen to use an Asus router? It seems some models have an issue with the 'Wan browser down redirect notice', which trigger this exact behaviour. See https://www.snbforums.com/threads/weird-dns-issue-always-resolved-to-10-0-0-1.39962/


Brightness buttons are not working at all

I have had this same problem myself, as I am currently running an Acer Aspire M5-481T (Timeline U) on Ubuntu 13.04 and the problem has been with me on 12.10 as well. So it is likely an issue with an Acer driver (same goes with your multi-touch gesture issue. Mine also doesn’t work, nor does my SD card reader. And I also have to press "fn+Alt+F7" in order to use the trackpad upon start up) What I do know is that when I recently installed 13.04 the brightness DID work. I then reinstalled Burg boot-loader, after which the brightness commands stopped working. Possibly just a coincidence. As I have not unistalled to check and see if SD card/ brightness issues are directly caused by the different bootloader.

For me the issue isn't a huge problem and I mostly ignore it. But Somthing that may work out is I have come across this page for my SPECIFIC laptop (not sure if it will work for you). But here is what they said about brightnesss arrows to work:

"
fn+backlight works too!
Go to terminal, log in: su -l
gedit /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
(Ignore the line do not edit this file)
Find the proper bootline which boots your kernel and add
'acpi_backlight=vendor' parameter in kernel options.

It looks like this, I made my entry bold for easy recognition, just add it after the keyboard entry:

menuentry 'Fedora (3.1.1-2.fc16.x86_64)' –class fedora –class gnu-linux
–class gnu –class os {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos1)'
search –no-floppy –fs-uuid –set=root 8cb738a0-95f4-4fe7-9c42-7d95aa3cc8da
echo 'Loading Fedora (3.1.1-2.fc16.x86_64)'
linux /vmlinuz-3.1.1-2.fc16.x86_64
root=UUID=76b94cf5-3dad-4b63-899e-2c99849fdde3 ro LANG=ru_RU.UTF-8 rd.md=0
rd.lvm=0 rd.dm=0 quiet rhgb rd.luks=0 KEYTABLE=us acpi_backlight=vendor
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk …'
initrd /initramfs-3.1.1-2.fc16.x86_64.img
}

Then reboot, and hey presto! Fn+backlight works!
"

Source: http://www.linlap.com/acer_aspire_4830tg_timelinex


Why am I unable to sign up to Linux server remotely?

Get on the command line as root
Then cd to /etc/ssh and do the following

cd /etc/ssh
nano sshd_config       note that is an underscore in the file name

using nano you must uncomment the line

# PermitRootLogin prohibit-password

change it to

PermitRootLogin yes

Restart SSH

service ssh restart


What version of LVM2 are you running? There was a regression in the dmsetup command (a change unrelated to stats) that causes dmstats to produce empty reports.

I fixed this last year:

commit 925aaf0b874fd92aec1b34f42d23987f65205ff9
Author: Bryn M. Reeves <bmr@redhat.com>
Date:   Thu Nov 1 16:49:05 2018 +0000

    dmsetup: fix stats report command output

    Since the stats handle is neither bound nor listed before the
    attempt to call dm_stats_get_nr_regions(), it will always return
    zero: this prevents reporting of any dmstats regions on any
    device.

    Remove the dm_stats_get_nr_regions() check and instead rely on
    the correct return status from dm_stats_populate() which only
    returns 0 in the case that there are regions to inspect (and
    which logs a specific error for all other cases).

    Reported-by: Bryan Gurney <bgurney@redhat.com>

This commit is on both the upstream master, and stable-2.02 branches (depending which version your distro is currently basing on).

I don't think a new release has been made from master yet, but this fix should be included in lvm2-2.02.183.


How do I remove the write-protection from the sda5 disk after crash?

If your write-protect issue is because of software's problems the low level utilities like hdparm can solve your issue:

sudo hdparm -r0 /dev/sda5

But if you can't write on your hdd because of somethings like stress ‚ fire ‚strike ‚ ... (Physically write-protected) We can't do any things.


Unable toboot with Nvidia GTX 750 ti, even with latest beta drivers

I have ubuntu 13.04 64 bit and same problem: Nvidia GTX 750ti and no boot.
I solve by following these steps:

go on nvidea driver download I have get NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-334.21.run
put it in a folder you remember (your home) and make it executable (chmod u+x ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-334.21.run)
sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo apt-get purge xserver-xorg-video-nouveau
sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf or sudo vim /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
add at the end this lines

  blacklist vga16fb
  blacklist nouveau
  blacklist rivafb
  blacklist nvidiafb
  blacklist rivatv

and save
sudo gedit /etc/default/grub or better if you like vim: sudo vim /etc/default/grub
find

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

  and change it to

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset"

sudo update-grub
now you have to go text-only:

  use CTRL+ALT+F1 to go on text-only
  to come back on graphic mode use CTRL+ALT+F7

  sudo gdm service stop or sudo service lightdm stop
  sudo sh ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-334.21.run
  it give you some warning on pre build script I have continued
  it ask you to accept some condition, you give all yes
  let it change xorg.profile for you
  sudo reboot

  if you have trouble at reboot you can do a new reboot and start in recovery mode:

Advanced options
recovery mode

after this if you continue by the normal boot you can login in graphical mode but after you are logged in you have to repeat step 7,8,9

at next login you can boot on graphical mode.

this procedure has worked for me I hope work for you too.

regards


ImportError : No module named setuptools

Use this command to install necessary package

sudo apt-get install python3-setuptools

If the application is python2 use this instead

sudo apt-get install python-setuptools


Your packages are likely broken.

Proof that your packages are broken

I tested this with two different 64-bit 15.04 installs:

A) fresh 15.04 install (just did it this week) - installing skype works flawlessly with a standard approach of adding the partner repository then apt-get install skype.

B) fresh but overused 15.04 install - this box had a lot of additional software installed (over 15GB). It wasn't upgraded from a previous install like yours. I had exactly the same errors as you. None of the usual fixes out there would work (apt-get -f install / clean / autoclean / whatever - none worked)

This shows that the problem is with your packages. I even tried aptitude to solve the conflicts, but it wanted to uninstall over 500 packages from my system! (no, thanks!).

Possible Solutions

Do a fresh install (15.10 will be available within a few days!)

or

Try to use aptitude to see if it can give you a better solution in your specific case. I'll improve this post with examples upon request.

or

Install all dependencies by hand to get Skype to run on your messed up 15.04 install (its probably not your fault it got messed up - this is likely a bug). I tested this and it works, so that I have Skype on both (A) and (B) above. Two ways you can attempt this:

apt-get install recusivelly all packages above, forcing install when necessary, even though apt-get is complaining. I couldn't get this to work.

or

(worked for me) Install each library by hand by fetching it from the repository. It is more of a craft to get this right. However, it might be worthwhile since Skype is so central that you might well need it very badly.
I will describe this in a couple more edits, but basically involves using ldd, apt-file find, apt-get download package_name:i386, dpkg -x package_name*.deb to decompress, then an ldconfig trick using /etc/ld.so.conf.d. I could just post all libs directly to you, but its 600MB worth of *.so's....


How do I fix "undefined variable: void" error loading scilab BackDoor

For Scilab 6.0.x you can use the following command to fix the issue:

sed -i 's/openBackDoor(void\* pvApiCtx);/openBackDoor();/' ~/.Scilab/scilab-6.0.?/atoms/BackDoor/0.22/etc/backdoor.start

it changes incorrect line 46 from openBackDoor(void* pvApiCtx); to correct openBackDoor();.

And then the toolbox will load on next Scilab start:

Startup execution:
 loading initial environment

Start Toolbox BackDoor
  Load macros
  Load gateways
  Load help
  Opening back door

Note: I have never used this toolbox, read please read its documentation by yourself.


How do I set up the touchpad of a Lenovo x121e

Hi I faced  the same problem today with my x121e and arch linux.

The solution was to install the synaptics-driver (for me xf86-input-synaptics) and edit an xorg-configfile.

Here is a discription of the problem with the tipp to use the synaptics-driver:
http://thinkpad-forum.de/threads/120560-X121e-Touchpad-Ultranav-macht-%C3%84rger-...

And here is the discription for my distribution (page is in german)
https://wiki.archlinux.de/title/Synaptics_Touchpad_Treiber


Why won't this bash script to drop caches work?

sudo -s creates a login shell session.  Then after you exit that it, you return to being a regular user.  Then it executes the 4th line, but you aren't root at that point so it fails.

You can't simply stick a sudo in front of the echo statement since that's a built-in command.

So try this instead:

#!/bin/bash

free -m
sync
sudo sh -c "echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches"

  From man sudo:

-s [command]
     The -s (shell) option runs the shell specified by the SHELL
environment variable if it is set or the shell as specified in passwd(5).
If a command is specified, it is passed to the shell for execution.
Otherwise, an interactive shell is executed.


No sound on resume after suspend in 12.10

Have you tried the following operations?

sudo gedit /etc/pm/sleep.d/50alsa

Add the folloowing lines into the file.

case "$1" in
        hibernate|suspend)
                # Stopping is not required
                ;;
        thaw|resume)
                /sbin/alsa force-reload
                ;;
        *) exit $NA
                ;;
esac

Press Ctrl+S to save this file,then make executable this file with the following command.

sudo chmod +x /etc/pm/sleep.d/50alsa


How to restrict changes to file permissions?

After looking around on different websites;

As far as I know only the owner of the file(directory) and root can use chmod on the file.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissions

http://www.tek-tips.com/viewthread.cfm?qid=490296


How can I open ubuntu desktop from ubuntu 18.04?

How did you install it? Did you go trough installation guide with gui?

If yes, there is a chance you coincidentally switched to virtual console by using Ctrl+Alt+Fn. The GUI runs with X server and you can switch back to it by using Ctrl+Alt+F1 or Ctrl+Alt+F2.


Yes, if you install 14.04 and keep updating it, when the final release appears your updated system will be the same than installing from the released stable iso, in theory.

I say "in theory" because you're using an alpha build, and so you're exposed to bugs, including the update system.


Is it possible to define website variables for git?

Not that I know of, but you could define them as Bash variables:

MW="https://git.wikimedia.org/git/mediawiki/extensions"
git clone $MW/Math.git

To make that definition stick, you'd need to lodge it in somewhere like ~/.bashrc (which runs when each Bash session loads).

Rinzwind's idea in the comments is sort of the reverse of mine: create function or script that calls git and treat the Math as a variable for it. Again, this is something you can just enter into a Bash session and test, and then keep in ~/.bashrc:

function mw {
    git clone https://git.wikimedia.org/git/mediawiki/extensions/$1.git
}

mw Math

Or keep it as a script in ~/bin/mw (and chmod +x it):

#!/bin/sh
git clone https://git.wikimedia.org/git/mediawiki/extensions/$1.git

If you have to create ~/bin/ that won't be added to the path until you open a new Bash session.


How can I fix bad screen tearing on Ubuntu 15.10 with an Nvidia GTX 960?

Had same problem in xfce 15.10. Switching the windows compositor solved my issue

http://duncanlock.net/blog/2013/06/07/how-to-switch-to-compton-for-beautiful-tear-free-compositing-in-xfce/


Disable double tap (but keep one tap to click enabled) on touchpad

Please, state your hardware in the body.

Code in /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-synaptics.conf from [SOLVED] Synaptics double-tap problem - Linux for another attempt to get double-tap to work in your hardware

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "touchpad catchall"
    Driver "synaptics"
        MatchIsTouchpad "on"
        MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
        Option "TapButton1" "1"
        Option "TapButton2" "0"
        Option "TapButton3" "0"
    Option "VertEdgeScroll" "on"
    Option "MaxDoubleTapTime" "100"
EndSection

Not considering wipe with three finger here.

Stability: still much to improve for OS X level

Differential solution: KDE which has builtin configs there so maybe little better support, discussed here for KDE

OS: Ubuntu or Debian 8.x/9.x
Window manager: Gnome 3.14 or one earlier


I would try looking at Session and Startup. Check the Autostart tab where you can find the programs that are starting at time of OS boot. Turning these applications off and then back on again may give you an idea which one is pegging the core of concern. If that particular application is discovered, arrive at an understanding of whether it is needed. If needed, perhaps some web search or contacting the developer may provide some answers. If not needed, perhaps the best solution is to remove from the Autostart list.


How to install git on Windows Subsystem for Linux?

You might need to add the package first:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:git-core/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install git


Awk command to print all the lines except the last three lines

It's ever-so clunky but you can add every line to an array and at the end —when you know the length— output everything but the last 3 lines.

... | awk '{l[NR] = $0} END {for (i=1; i<=NR-3; i++) print l[i]}'

Another (more efficient here) approach is manually stacking in three variables:

... | awk '{if (a) print a; a=b; b=c; c=$0}'

a only prints after a line has moved from c to b and then into a so this limits it to three lines. The immediate upsides are it doesn't store all the content in memory and it shouldn't cause buffering issues (fflush() after printing if it does) but the downside here is it's not simple to scale this up. If you want to skip the last 100 lines, you need 100 variables and 100 variable juggles.

If awk had push and pop operators for arrays, it would be easier.

Or we could pre-calculate the number of lines and how far we actually want to go with $(($(wc -l < file) - 3)). This is relatively useless for streamed content but on a file, works pretty well:

awk -v n=$(($(wc -l < file) - 3)) 'NR<n' file

Typically speaking you'd just use head though:

$ seq 6 | head -n-3
1
2
3

Using terdon's benchmark we can actually see how these compare. I thought I'd offer a full comparison though:

head: 0.018s (me)
awk + wc: 0.169s (me)
awk 3 variables: 0.178s (me)
awk double-file: 0.322s (terdon)
awk circular buffer: 0.355s (Scrutinizer)
awk for-loop: 0.693s (me)

The fastest solution is using a C-optimised utility like head or wc handle the heavy lifting things but in pure awk, the manually rotating stack is king for now.


While Ubuntu 18.04 recognizes this printer out of the box, setting up the scanner need a few more steps. Precondition is, that scanner and Ubuntu client are in the same network. And you will have to find out the IP address from your scanner/printer.

Search on Epson website for your driver: http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/search/01/search/?OSC=LX
Download imagescan-bundle-ubuntu-18.04-1.3.40.x64.deb.tar.gz from here: http://support.epson.net/linux/en/imagescanv3.php?version=1.3.40
Extract archive and change into directory. Call install script via sudo ./install.sh That installs several packages for you. One is imagescan, a replacement for simple scan - but you won't need it in the end.
Do a cat /etc/sane.d/dll.con and check that there is no comment sign before epson, epson2 or epkowa. It may be the last one is missing, nevermind. If there is a comment sign before one of those entries, open the files as root and remove it (sudo gedit /path/o/file).
Use sudo gedit /etc/sane.d/epkowa.conf OR (if there is no epkowa) sudo gedit /etc/sane.d/epson2 as root and insert the following line:
net 192.168.1.111 1865. You have to replace 192.168.1.111 with the IP address of your printer/scanner. Save and close file.
Now open imagescan configuration file with sudo gedit /etc/imagescan/imagescan.conf and insert the following code:

[devices]

net.udi = networkscan:esci://192.168.1.111:1865
net.vendor = Epson
net.model = ET-3750
net.name = Epson ET-3750

Again: Replace 192.168.1.111 with the IP address of your scanner/printer and the other Informations with the type of your Scanner/printer if it differs from ET-3750. Save and close. If you start simple-scan now, your scanner should be available.


Asus TUF GAMING B550 PLUS WIFI, INTEL AX200 WIFI not working on Ubuntu 20.10

Got it working,
Step 1: Disable all firmware (else it uses the wrong firmware)
sudo mkdir /lib/firmware/backup/
sudo mv /lib/firmware/iwlwifi* /lib/firmware/backup/

Step 2: Grep your firmware from: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000005511/network-and-i-o/wireless.html
Please use the iwlwifi-cc-46.3cfab8da.0.tgz if you are on an AX200
Step 3: Unpack and move it to /lib/firmware:
sudo mv ~/iwlwifi* /lib/firmware/
sudo chown root:root /lib/firmware/iwlwifi*

Step 4, reboot and your output of sudo dmesg | grep iwlw should be:
[    3.672084] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[    3.675743] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-59.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.675774] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-58.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.675858] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-57.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.675991] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-56.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.676009] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-55.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.676032] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-54.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.676058] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-53.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.676075] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-52.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.676174] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-51.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.676190] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-50.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.676204] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-49.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.676219] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-48.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.676234] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-47.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.678938] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: loaded firmware version 46.3cfab8da.0 cc-a0-46.ucode op_mode iwlmvm
[    3.740970] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Detected Intel(R) Wi-Fi 6 AX200 160MHz, REV=0x340
[    3.903256] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: base HW address: b8:9a:2a:de:1d:e5
[    3.918135] iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0 wlp5s0: renamed from wlan0

Skipping all the firmware until it loads the right firmware :)
Hope it helps someone.
Please note, windows could mess up this card: Intel AX200 Wi-Fi adapter not working
Check this link if you are dualbooting :)


Internal FLOPPY drive using Lubuntu 18.04.1

Try sudo mount -t vfat /dev/fd0 /media/vavruch


What is the best way to integrate my Google calendar with Ubuntu?

Calendar Extension for Thunderbird

Install this plug-in: xul-ext-lightning

Google calendar and Evolution....

Currently there is a bug in evolution. A workaround to do the following:

Option to sync to Google Calendar doesn't show up in Evolution

How to migrate from evolution to Thunderbird...

Migrating from Evolution to Thunderbird


put the output to the file when program crash during ruuning

The solution is to redirect the error (STDERR) to the file along with the output(STDOUT). Just do the following:

Program &> filename

or

Program > filename 2&>1

If you want to append the file rather than overwriting:

Program &>> filename

or

Program >> filenmae 2&>1

The above will put the STDOUT and STDERR to the same file. In case you just want to put the STDERR to a different file, do the following:

Program 2> filename

to append the file

Program 2>> filename


Does Ubuntu support hardware which doesn't have official certification?

Yes, the list of hardware with certified Ubuntu compatibility is not comprehensive. Linux and Ubuntu are meant to work on pretty much any PC but there's no guarantee for every available PC part. Especially new hardware often goes unsupported in Linux for a while (most manufacturers don't release Linux drivers so other people have to step in).

The manufacturers of the hardware simply decided to spend money and resources to thoroughly test it with Ubuntu and work together with the Linux developers and Canonical to assert that their hardware is most certainly compatible with Ubuntu. For instance, Lenovo (and formerly the notebook department of IBM) has employees that dedicate all or part of their time on the job to work on Linux support for hardware sold by Lenovo.


How do I make my window not semi transparent in xubuntu?

Actually, there is this feature where scrolling horizontally on the system title bar would change the transparency of the window.

Scrolling to the left would increase the window's transparency while scrolling to the right would decrease it. I accidentally scrolled to the left on the title bar which is the reason I didn't notice it until now.


Wrong time when not connected to Internet

If the computer is old (5-10 years), cmos battery may be dead.
Check in the bios settings if time is correct if it's not, change cmos battery.


Unable to install anaconda on ubuntu 18.04

If you installed the .sh file in Downloads, try

bash ~/Downloads/Anaconda3-5.3.0-Linux-x86_64.sh

for 64-Bit PCs.
But if you did not installed the .sh file in Downloads, replace ~/Downloads/ with the place where you installed it.


Add some default text to Ctrl-Alt-F1 console to remind myself how to reboot properly

In the text console, you'll see a line with a text like Ubuntu 10.04 darkstar tty1 just before the login prompt. This message comes from the file /etc/issue, which you can customize to your wishes. The escape sequences are described in the getty(1) manual page.


Certain terminal programs that create their interface with ncurses for example, will accept mouse input.  An example is htop where you can click the column titles to sort them, even over an SSH session.

Most menus however require keyboard navigation by either pressing Tab or use the arrow keys to navigate and highlight the different options.  To select a highlighted option you can press ENTER or SPACEBAR.

EDIT: I'm sure there are other libraries other than ncurses that allow this GUI behaviour, but that's the only one I know/use.


Putting a processor capable of processing 64bit instructions into a 32 bit computer does not turn it into a 64 bit computer. It has to be designed to run 64 bit programs from the start.

The HP Mini 110 is a 32 bit computer, so your only hope of running a program that requires a 64 bit operating system is some form of emulation.

Virtualbox supports running a 64-bit guest VM on a 32-bit physical host, but one of the requirements is that the processor supports hardware virtualisation and unfortunately the Atom N2600 does not.

The only solution I have been able to find is to use QEMU. Its website is here


How does Ubuntu formats any flash drive with file systems in terms of Code?

If you look in `/sbin' & the 'mk*' program binaries that will make file-systems (ie. format)

guiverc@d960-ubu2:~$   ls /sbin/mk*
/sbin/mkdosfs    /sbin/mkfs         /sbin/mkfs.exfat  /sbin/mkfs.ext4  /sbin/mkfs.minix  /sbin/mkfs.reiser4   /sbin/mkfs.xfs          /sbin/mkreiser4
/sbin/mke2fs     /sbin/mkfs.bfs     /sbin/mkfs.ext2   /sbin/mkfs.fat   /sbin/mkfs.msdos  /sbin/mkfs.reiserfs  /sbin/mkhomedir_helper  /sbin/mkreiserfs
/sbin/mkexfatfs  /sbin/mkfs.cramfs  /sbin/mkfs.ext3   /sbin/mkfs.jfs   /sbin/mkfs.ntfs   /sbin/mkfs.vfat      /sbin/mkntfs            /sbin/mkswap

mkfs.fat will make a FAT fs, mkfs.ntfs will create a NTFS file-system etc.

Reference manual pages are available with man mkfs.ntfs or whatever file-system you're interested in.

As this is open-source you can grab the source code, having loads of file-systems there for you to look at.  If I wanted to grab source code for 'ext4' (or the mkfs.ext4 program), i can see what package i need with

guiverc@d960-ubu2:~$   dpkg -S /sbin/mkfs.ext4
e2fsprogs: /sbin/mkfs.ext4

the grab the source with sudo apt source e2fsprogs


I found that by search by myself:

https://wiki.samba.org/index.php/AD_Schema_Version_Support

  To upgrade the schema version on a running Samba installation to 2012_R2, use this command:

samba-tool domain schemaupgrade

  Note: This tool only works from 2008 R2. In order to upgrade from earlier versions, the ldf files must be manually sourced from the Windows adprep tool and run with the --ldf-file= option.


SSH - buffer_get_ret: trying to get more bytes 4 than in buffer 0

Found out that in remote server file authorized_keys was bad - it had multiple lines for one key

https://wiki.mcs.anl.gov/IT/index.php/SSH_Keys:authorized_keys

Not sure why it was so. After removed line endings where they had not be, problem was solved.


create NAT Network in Virtualbox - hardware virtualization enabled - cannot disable

The above warning message means that you need to enable virtualization technology or VT is enabled from your BIOS, this is different depending on your computer, the usual procedure is:

Reboot your computer.
Look for instructions (on the bottom of the screen) on how to enter bios settings.
In the settings look for VT or hardware virtualization, enable it, save and quit.

If you need more help then google How to enable virtualization on, replace with your computer model.


How can I display files that were written to on a specific date

You find files modified between a range of dates using the find command's -newermt test e.g.

find path/to/folder/ -name '*.pth.tar' -newermt '23 Feb 2018' ! -newermt '01 Mar 2018'

The ! is a logical negation operator. From man find:

   -newerXY reference
          Succeeds  if  timestamp  X of the file being considered is newer
          than timestamp Y of the file reference.   The letters  X  and  Y
          can be any of the following letters:

          a   The access time of the file reference
          B   The birth time of the file reference
          c   The inode status change time of reference
          m   The modification time of the file reference
          t   reference is interpreted directly as a time


How do you install the Android SDK in Eclipse Mars?

Using Eclipse IDE as a DEV platform for Android used to be "mainstream" in Android development. To do that - you had to install the sdk and add-on.

Android Studio has replaced the Eclipse+SDK configuration as the standard development platform, and it is the development kit itself.

So - no need to use both. If you're new to android, I'd say go with the Android Studio - it's prone to be supported officially from now on.

If you have worked with Eclipse before - you can find more information here:
http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing/migrate.html

If you want to work with Eclipse still - you need to download the ADT from the Eclipse store: https://marketplace.eclipse.org/content/android-development-tools-eclipse, and the usage is similar to previous versions (set the SDK in settins, etc.)


How do i set a solid color desktop in Awesome3?

You can use the xsetroot program for that, with option -solid followed by a color code, or some nicer program like hsetroot, like

hsetroot -solid '#000000'

See their man pages.

Also, you should put the command in some autostart script for awesome.


What version of GCC is used by the make command?

Open the terminal and type:

gcc --version

If that's not the version of gcc you want can change the default gcc version using the update-alternatives command to determine which actual file is referenced by a generic name, for example which actual file is referenced by gcc. For more information see the answers to this question: How to change the default GCC compiler in Ubuntu?.


Unable To Cancel Installation In Software Center (Matlab)

First we have to find the blocking processes:

sudo fuser -v /var/cache/debconf/config.dat

Sample output

USER        PID ACCESS COMMAND
/var/cache/debconf/config.dat:
root      11060 F.... dpkg-preconfig

and

ps xa | grep apt

Sample output

24743 ? S 0:00 /usr/bin/python /usr/share/apt-xapian-index/update-apt-xapian-index-dbus

Kill both processes

sudo kill -9 11060
sudo kill -9 24743

and your problem is solved.

The matlab-support is not installed, as you have identified with this command

dpkg -l | grep matlab