/etc/lightdm/unity-greeter.conf file and /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf missing

Those files no longer exist and are depreciated. Configuration is now done through individual files located in /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d.

If you want do some configuration, maybe see this answer as an example.

Alternatively, see this answer on how to set default manager now that lightdm.conf does not exist.


ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed; NVRM: Xid: 79, GPU has fallen off the bus

As per Xid errors list, error 79 (GPU has fallen off the bus) can be related to variety of things such as driver or hardware issue, system memory corruption, bus error or thermal issue (overheating).

Run NVIDIA X Server Settings app (which comes with the drivers) and check the temperature, graphic clock, performance levels and GPU utilization levels.

The following post (based on this original thread), suggests to disable PCI-E ASPM (Active State Power Management) by changing boot params to pcie_aspm=off (it forcibly disables PCIe ASPM).

Related bug report: GPU has fallen off the bus.


Sketchup was unable to initialize OpenGL

I had this problem too: You can find the key by doing this:

In the dash, type 'wine' and amongst others it shows the icon for the winetricks program.
If you start that, you can then choose 'sketchup' in the boxes, and choose to run 'regedit' thereafter...
Once I did that I could find the key as mentioned above, and change it to a '1'.
Close it, restart sketchup, and TADA! it works :)


Linux Root Partition gets corrupted frequently

you might want to install SMART tools to see how close to absolute failure your hard-disc is.
But first - BACKUP to an attached USB or HD - if you run like me with machine on a lot of the time, don't reboot - copy all of /home and /etc ASAP
Victim of a sequential RAID failure - it's not pretty
Just in case - anything important to you copy NOW and buy a new harddisc.


set is often used to set the positional parameters ($1, $2, $3, etc., which are usually provided as arguments to the script). By using these parameters, we can get a simple way to count things via the $# variable, which stores the number of set positional parameters.

? is a wildcard matching any single character, so ??? matches any combination of three characters.

Combined: set -- ${BACKUPDIR}/backup-???.tgz sets every file named backup-xxx.tgz, where xxx are any three characters, as the parameters.

${!#}, uses variable indirection:

  If the first character of parameter is an exclamation point (!), it
  introduces a level of variable indirection. Bash uses the value of the
  variable formed from the rest of parameter as the name of the
  variable; this variable is then expanded and that value is used in the
  rest of the substitution, rather than the value of parameter itself.
  This is known as indirect expansion.

Since $#, which is what you get when you remove the !, is the count of parameters (and the number of the last parameter), ${!#} is a simple way to get the last argument.

As for command 5, what happens when no matching files are present?

$ bash -c 'set -- backup-???.tgz; echo "$@"'
backup-???.tgz

The shell leaves that word alone, so now we have just a literal backup-???.tgz. The author handles that edge case by replacing the ? with 0, to mark the first backup file.


An app to create files and folders from a given structure

The tricky part is that you have files and folders shown the same way, and no simple way to tell them apart.  For file 2.1 there is not a way to tell if it (/folder2/folder2.1/file2.1) is actually a folder or a file within folder2.1.
Yes your description says the word *file* so we know you mean file, but to a program how could it tell?  A program might tell files from paths because one is followed at the same indentation level with another entry.  BUT, that leads to a set of complicated and confusing rules.
I would suggest you use a keyword or just full qualified names.  The easiest is:

/folder1/
/folder2/
/folder2/file1
/folder2/folder2.1/
/folder2/folder2.1/file2.1

The trailing slash means "This is a folder and not a file."  Then you can have an easy script like this to create your directory structure.  A couple warnings about this script.

the higher level directories must be created first.
I prepend a "." to the path so all directories created are relative to the one in which the script is run.
I do no error checking for the content of the dir/path file.

#!/bin/sh -v
#
# builds a directory and file structure.
# directories must exists before referenced or file in the directory declared.
#
# sample input looks like (without the leading #):
# /folder1/
# /folder2/
# /folder2/file1
# /folder2/folder2.1/
# /folder2/folder2.1/file2.1
#
# make sure we have our one and only input parameter.
if [ $# != 1 ]; then
        echo "Usage: `basename $0` input_file_name"
        echo "input_file_name contains absolute dir paths with a trailing slash,"
        echo "or absolute file path/name with no trailing slash."
        exit 1
fi

# get the file name from the command line
FILE=$1

# make sure the input parameter specifies a file.
if [ ! -e ${FILE} ]; then
        echo "Sorry, the file ${FILE} does not exist."
        exit 1
fi

for LINE in $(cat $FILE)
do
        LAST=$(echo ${LINE} | awk -F/ '{print $(NF)}')
        # if file ends with a slash, this value is blank, if it is no slash, this is the file name.
        if [ "${LAST}XXX" = "XXX" ]; then
                # is empty, so it is directory, future feature to check exist already
                mkdir ".${LINE}"
        else
                # is not empty, so it is a file
                touch ".${LINE}"
        fi
done
exit 0

This will create the directories and files as shown in the input file.  If the script is called create.sh and you have chmod 755 create.sh then the command ./create.sh data will generate your directories and files as described in the data file.


I guess, this is what you need:

perl -ne 'chomp; $h=$_ if $_=~/^V/; print $h,"\n" if $_=~/OS1/' test.txt

Explanation:

perl -ne reads the input linewise
chomp removes newline at the end (not necessary, but I think, it is cleaner)
The variable $h contains the content of the line, if it starts with V
$h is printed if the current line contains OS1


If you want to edit the source code and use Ubuntu there's an option describe as:

Native: Automated installation on an Ubuntu machine of your own. Details are on the Native Open edX Ubuntu 16.04 64 bit Installation page.

Source: https://openedx.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/OpenOPS/pages/60227779/Open+edX+Installation+Options


When a new version of Firefox comes out, there's a slight delay before it becomes available in the official repository. You can wait about a week for the update to get pushed out, or you can add the PPA for an unstable version.

Source: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FirefoxNewVersion

Of course, you could always uninstall Firefox from the package manager and manually download from https://getfirefox.com. If you download it this way, all updates will be available as soon as Mozilla launches them. However, it's probably best to just wait a few days for the Ubuntu archives to update.

Edit: Firefox 42 is now available in the official Ubuntu archives. :)


You can easily find out by looking at the outputs of the following:

sudo fdisk -l | grep /dev/sd

sudo blkid

cat /etc/fstab | grep UUID

Run these from Kubuntu, note the Kubuntu root partition, and then delete the other.

In case you need help identifying partitions, edit the question, and add the outputs.


I used this guide and it worked for me but on my laptop I had to use "uswsusp" Ubuntu's Help Wiki Hibernate and see if hitting Shift when sending to Standbye helps


This seems to be a bug in the current Gparted related to partitions with no space between them. See the discussion in

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gparted/+bug/1543704


What should I do when some users can see my NTFS drives, and others can't?

How about installing ntfs-config? It's a GUI utility to assist in mounting NTFS drives automatically during bootup.

Start a package manager, search for ntfs, install. You'll find the program in System tools.


Will upgrading to 11.04 destroy my current desktop settings?

In short, probably not.

Forgetting the desktop, there were a handful of applications that I had installed on a Lucid -> Maverick box that were removed by Natty B1 installation because of missing dependencies. These weren't mainstream applications - most of which are maintained and thus version compatible with the Natty libraries, and none of them were critical to what I do so I don't remember which were removed.

Unlike that other operating system, there isn't the overbearing market need to ensure that your copy of Lotus 1-2-3 from 10 years ago still runs on the new shiny.

If you've got hundreds of users, surely one of them won't miss their computer if you "borrow" it as a sacrifice machine. Failing that, carve off some disk, or get another disk (they are stunningly cheap these days) clone off your config and upgrade the copy to see how insufferable the damage is. It may also be useful in your environment to be able to dual boot Maverick/Natty as needed.

Added: You are asking for a guarantee that only empirical testing can afford you. Ubuntu is such a hypercomplex maze of interdependencies that given a huge static survey of your current installation, I'd be hard pressed to give you a definitive answer to what will change or break. If this wasn't so, you could just upgrade the packages you wanted. But you can't do that without entering dependency hell which the modern distros work so hard at avoiding.


Timer applet is what I reccomend. It does have a limit of 48 hours the exact program name is Timer-applet Another one is Alarm-clock  alarm clock is less limited and it is the best choice. Also there is a widget here (http://www.toggl.com/public/widgets)


Changing Ubuntu and Windows 8 queue at dual-boot

You need to edit file /etc/default/grub. To do so, open Gnome Terminal window and type:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

In the opened file, find line that looks like:

GRUB_DEFAULT=0

and change 0 to index of desired position in the list in GRUB menu displayed on boot. Note, that the menu list is counted from 0, not from 1. So if your Windows is, let's say on the 4th position, you must change 0 to 3:

GRUB_DEFAULT=3

After saving the file, you must update GRUB by running command:

sudo update-grub

Note, that instead of indexes, you can use operating system name, which can be found in the file /boot/grub/grub.cfg. Scroll down to menuentry sections and you will find it with ease - it is something like "Windows 8 (loader) on /dev/sda1" or similar.


Why is NetworkManager included in Ubuntu Server 18.04?

In a server environment, normally netplan/networkd is used, due mostly to the static nature of its networking environment. NetworkManager is there as a choice, normally not chosen, but should be enabled and left alone.

Have only ONE .yaml file in /etc/netplan. It should look like something similar to this...

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  wifis:
    wlp1s0:
      addresses: [192.168.0.66/24] # don't use the same IP address as enp3s0
      gateway4: 192.168.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4]
      access-points:
        "99PinkGins":
          password: "###############"
  ethernets:
    enp3s0:
      dhcp4: true
      optional: true

sudo netplan --debug generate

sudo netplan apply

reboot


Ubuntu Linux 13.04 and Windows 8 don't like one another

A very quick synopsis of what is required to get Windows and Ubuntu using UEFI to boot.

If Windows already installed using UEFI boot to Windows and switch
off fast start or any hibernation settings.
Boot to firmware settings and switch off UEFI.
Boot Ubuntu installation media and allow installer to run in legacy
mode.
Boot to firmware settings and switch on UEFI.
Boot to boot-repairCD (not Ubuntu LiveDVD) and use this to install grub-efi.

If boot-repairCD does not boot using UEFI installing rEFInd may provide correct .efi drivers to enable booting boot-repairCD using UEFI.

Should now have dual booting system using UEFI. This is a work around due to Ubuntu installer unable to work using UEFI on some machines.


How to configure UFW Ubuntu server for Kamailio SIP Server?

Kamailio is a SIP and optional RTP server
So you have to allow SIP and optionally RTP protocols
The document you referring to also allows DNS and NTP
A good advice in the document suggest to use fail2ban, if your Kamailio server has to be exposed to the public Internet network, then  fail2ban should be implemented.

# Allows SIP
sudo ufw allow 5060:5061/udp

# Allow RTP (optional)
sudo ufw allow 10000:20000/udp

# Allows DNS
sudo ufw allow 53/udp
sudo ufw allow 53/tcp

# Allow NTP
sudo ufw allow 123/udp

You can add comment to rules, specify ip adress of the server, and many more.
See the ufw documentation and ufw man page


How do I stop a container box from expanding horizontally in Glade?

Add a button and select it
Go to the General tab on the right side and select "Add custom button content" (instead of the default "Configure button content" & "Label with optional image".

Add a label to the button.
Edit the details of the label (e.g "Ellipsize" = "End", "Maximum Width in Characters" = "15"). If you use glade to testdrive the application, it looks like this (the window in the middle):


Brother scanner not working in Ubuntu 18.04 though driver installed

With (K)ubuntu 18.04
I ran the "Brother Install Tool" 09/13/2018 (2.2.1-1)
Skanlite launched but did not recognize any suitable device.
I then checked whether usr/lib64 content was copied to usr/lib ( or vice-versa)
but /usr/lib/sane was nowhere to be found ...

"mkdir /usr/lib/sane" command is required if the folder does not exist.
then copy from "/usr/lib64/sane/
"libsane-brother3.so"
"libsane-brother3.so.1"
"sane/libsane-brother3.so.7"
into "/usr/lib/sane"
 Skanlite runs fine as root or user now ...


Try using the terminal command chmod 777 /path/to/folder/or/file.


The HP print drivers are installed in Ubuntu by default - access to them from a terminal is very easy and quick.

First, open a terminal windows (ctrl+alt+t)

Enter the command hp-setup

This will open the HP Device Manager.  If your printer is connected via USB, choose the first option.  For a wireless printer you can choose either the second or third options.  I generally use the second option.

From here, choose 'next' and your printer will appear in a list of possible printers.  You should choose your printer from the list, even if it is the only printer in the list.  Then press 'next' twice.

Your printer is setup and ready to go.

Should you also want a nice little indicator icon in the toolbar, use the command

sudo apt-get install hplip-gui

which will install the HP Toolbox to assist you in monitoring your printer, and it's ink levels.


BCM4313 card is known for behaving extraordinarily bad in Ubuntu with a ton of various drivers with different problems.

The package with a driver that worked for me (HP g6 laptop) in 12.xx is bcmwl-kernel-source. In 13.04, however, it suffers from other problems, of which you can find in this thread. The most recent answer at the moment of me writing this suggests that downgrading to 12.xx is the best option.

By sticking with bcmwl-kernel-source on Ubuntu 13.04, however, you will be able to connect to most Wi-Fi networks, so you can give it a try.

After installing the driver via apt or Ubuntu Software Center, enable it Additional Drivers tab of Software & Updates.


how to uninstall Ubuntu 13.04 keeping my Ubuntu 12.04 installation.

Do you have the 13.04 installation disk?  If so, boot from it, and check if the installation setup gives you the option to run the Ubuntu distributions side by side.


Please check and try to correct the device boot order in your BIOS. Maybe the new drive snuck in front of your system drive.


Does the web version of MS Office 365 work on Ubuntu?

Office 365 runs on my Ubuntu 18.04 via Firefox. Have 365 at work and can send & receive messages at home. Can also load & run Word & Excel at home. Not 100% functional but is doable. If you do not have access to 365, you would need to register with 365 and pay a fee to use it. It should still work with Linux & Firefox.


Try to remove .Trash* (where * stands for some other chars) on a usb stick:

rm -rf /media/$USER/<USB mount name here>/.Trash*

(if You have an older kubuntu, say 12.04, the path to USB stick won't contain $USER).

If it wouldn't help try to remove Trash folder at home:

rm -rf ~/.local/share/Trash


Open documents, ppt and excel sheets directly into google docs/driver

This looks like an option from OMGUbuntu:

http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2012/07/gwoffice-integrates-google-docs-with-the-ubuntu-desktop


Is it possible to install Gimp on Ubuntu Server and use it in command line from a php script?

Server side, imagemagick is a better option s it does not use X (graphical interface). It does a nice job and has several options.

There are many online tutorials, see :

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/561895/resize-a-list-of-images-in-line-command

http://www.howtogeek.com/109369/how-to-quickly-resize-convert-modify-images-from-the-linux-terminal/

http://coding.smashingmagazine.com/2012/09/09/resizing-bash-script-batch-resizing-using-command-line/


How can I force the Nautilus sidebar text color to stay white in my Ambiance modification?

I think I have it now. In Ambiance Dark Sidebar/gtk-3.0/apps/nautilus.css, add this line inside the sidebar section:

color: @dark_fg_color;


When will the Ubuntu 14.04 wallpaper contest start? Or has it already started?

If you're on IRC, there's channel for the same #1404wallpaper in which you can participate and know more. As per this post, contest kicks off from 10th February 2014 (so keep an eye on the blog as well as on IRC).

Following the tradition of past Ubuntu release, Wallpapers are to be submitted on announced Flickr community, should be conforming Submission Guidelines.

So following on IRC should be good to go. :)


Uninstalled Ubuntu 14.04, can't boot Windows 8 stuck GNU GRUB

I realize this answer is a while after the thread started but I had this same problem and couldn't get anything to work until this.  When the GNU GRUB 2.02 screen opens type "exit."  This will exit the grub command line and should bring you to windows.  It worked for me.


This might not be a solution for you, but I'll post anyway.

Is there a reason for you to use bumblebee besides not having to log out and log in? If the reason is energy consumption, which is high when not using bbswitch, I've coded a version of prime-indicator with power management capabilities, which can be found here: https://github.com/andrebrait/prime-indicator.

I've tested it quite a lot since yesterday and I've had no problems with it, with the benefit of having less bugs and better power consumption than with bumblebee. The only caveat is having to log out and log in again in order to switch the active GPU.


Creating a boot disc and Installing ubuntu ASUS X205T(A)

I have been running Ubuntu 14.10 in a dual-boot configuration on my Asus EeeX205T for a couple of months now. Some things do not yet work -- internal wifi/bluetooth, sound, power management -- but with a usb wifi adapter, enough works, and works well enough, that I have used it as a travel machine -- a role in which it excels.

UPDATE: I am now running Ubuntu 15.04 on this machine, still dual-boot (though I haven't booted into Windows in months). With 4.0 or later kernels, internal wifi now works and power management works in part (battery monitoring), but suspend, sound, and bluetooth still do not work. With the 4.1 kernels, there are some occasional problems with freezing. Instructions for installing 15.04 should be essentially the same as below, but I have not tried installing it from scratch, and cannot verify that all of the steps are the same (or even necessary). Additional steps needed to enable internal wifi and other needed settings are included below.

Here is how I set it up to dual-boot Ubuntu 14.10. Note that much of the same process could be followed to set it up for an Ubuntu-only installation. Note also that you do have to boot into Windows a time or two:

PRE-INSTALLATION

In Windows, turn off BitLocker (this will allow Ubuntu to mount and/or resize the primary data drive):

In Windows, click on PC Settings/PC and devices/PC info
scroll to the bottom of the screen and click to turn off BitLocker/decrypt drive

Prepare Ubuntu Live bootable USB memory stick:

Download .iso file for 64-bit Ubuntu 14.10
Create a bootable memory stick:

In Windows, download and run Rufus
In Linux, sudo apt-get install unetbootin; run unetbootin in a terminal window

After the memory stick is set up, copy bootia32.efi to the /EFI/BOOT directory on the memory stick

Fetch bootia32.efi from github (?) or from one of the links listed at the end of this post.
Alternately, instructions for generating this file can be found here on github -- look for JF Well's site on the t100.

Boot Ubuntu Live:

Insert memory stick in Asus EEE USB port
In Windows, hold Shift key and click on Restart; choose Advanced Options/UEFI Firmware to enter BIOS
Turn off SecureBoot
Select USB stick as boot device
Save and exit
When grub menu loads, select Try Ubuntu

Optional but highly recommended: Make a backup of the complete SSHD image

Plug in a USB external hard disk with at least 32GB of free space
Right-click on the OS and Recovery icons in the Unity launcher and choose Unmount for each
Open a terminal and run the following: dd if=/dev/mmcblk0 of=/media/ubuntu/HD/FILENAME bs=1M

(Replace HD with the name by which the external drive was mounted; replace FILENAME with the filename you wish to use for the resulting image (or set another path as desired).)
It will take about 20 minutes for the command to complete; do NOT interrupt it, or you will have to start over!
Note: to restore the X205T to its original state, you can run this command “in reverse”: dd if=/media/ubuntu/HD/FILENAME of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1M -- and yes, I have done this to verify that it works!

Optional: Resize Recovery partition (note that the Recovery partition is required for booting Windows on this machine, so it cannot be removed if you want dual-boot, but it can be reduced in size to allow some additional room):

Right-click on the OS and Recovery icons in the Unity launcher and make sure each is unmounted (choose Unmount for each if needed)
Open a terminal and run gparted

Note: this runs very slowly at this point; be patient!
Use gparted to shrink the Recovery partition as small as it will go (a little less than 6 GB)
use gparted to expand the OS partition to take up the extra room
commit the changes (again, be patient ...)

INSTALLATION (from Ubuntu Live)

Set up a wireless connection (to download updates during installation):

Insert a USB based wifi adapter (Ubuntu does not yet recognize the internal wifi)
Choose a wireless connection and connect

Double-click on Install Ubuntu

Select language; continue
Click to install additional drivers and restricted software; continue
Choose Install Ubuntu alongside Windows; continue

Alternately, you can choose to replace Windows completely at this point

Set relative sizes of Ubuntu/Windows partitions as desired (I set mine up with 8 GB for Windows and 13 GB for Ubuntu); continue
Allow the installation to complete, but do not (yet) allow it to reboot. Before rebooting, open a terminal and enter the following commands:

sudo -s // sets up a root shell
mount /dev/mmcblk0p5 /mnt // make sure that this is the partition to which Ubuntu was installed
mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/boot/efi // make sure this is the EFI partition
for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i; done // transfer key elements of the current Ubuntu Live file system to the newly mounted Ubuntu partition on /mnt
mount -o bind /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/etc/resolv.conf // likewise make the current resolv.conf available via the mounted Ubuntu partition on /mnt
chroot /mnt /bin/bash // set up /mnt as the new root and run bash
apt-get remove grub-efi-amd64 // remove the 64-bit grub …
apt-get install grub-efi-ia32 // ... and install the 32-bit grub. (Note: Since 14.01 is discontinued, you may need to edit /etc/apt/sources.list and add http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/)

Reboot; the machine should boot to the grub menu, allowing a choice between Ubuntu and Windows. If so, congratulations – you have succeeded! If not, and if you made the recommended backup, see the note above for how to restore to the original state. If you did not make the backup … you may have a brick on your hands.

FINALIZE INSTALLATION

Clean up Windows:

Reboot to grub menu and choose Windows
Allow Windows to check and “repair” drive C: (basically Windows is responding to the fact that the drive has been re-sized)
When finished checking, it will automatically reboot; choose Windows again to verify that the Windows installation is still functioning properly.

Set up SDHC card reader:

Reboot to grub menu and choose Ubuntu
Open a terminal; run sudo -H gedit /etc/modprobe.d/sdhci.conf

note: this file may not yet exist; if not, create it
Add the following line: options sdhci debug_quirks=0x8000
Save and exit
In terminal, run sudo update-initramfs -u -k all

Reboot; SDHC card reader should now work

NEW: INSTALL LATEST KERNEL AND ENABLE WIFI/POWER MANAGEMENT/TWEAKS

Download and install the latest kernel (4.0 stable, or 4.1RC6 unstable as of this writing):

In Ubuntu, use browser to navigate to http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/
Scroll to the bottom of the list; choose the latest kernel (or an earlier one if desired, especially if there are any bugs in the latest RC version)
Download the following files (###### will be replaced with numbers indicating the kernel version):

linux-headers-######-generic-######_amd64.deb
linux-headers-######_all.deb
linux-image-######-generic-######_amd64.deb

Install these files by opening a terminal, changing to the download directory, and running sudo dpkg -i linux*.deb (doing it this way assumes no other linux*.deb files are in the download directory)
Note that if a kernel is not working properly or is no longer needed, it can be removed (each one takes up 200+ MB, so worth removing those not needed!):

get a list of the kernels installed: sudo dpkg -l | grep linux-image-
remove an image by running sudo apt-get autoremove linux-image-#####-generic (substitute the appropriate version numbers for #####)
obsolete packages can also be listed (sudo dpkg -l | grep linux-) and removed (sudo dpkg -P linux-######)

Reboot; note that you can use the GRUB menu to select an earlier kernel to run if needed

Set up wifi (if latest kernel does not automatically do so; requires 4.0 kernel or later):

Download brcmfmac43340-sdio.bin and brcmfmac43340-sdio.txt from internet (one source is on page 3 of third “helpful reference” below); copy these to /lib/firmware/brcm (requires sudo)
sudo -H gedit /etc/rc.local and add the following lines:

#rmmod brcmfmac
#rmmod brmutil
echo on > /sys/bus/platform/drivers/sdhci-acpi/INT33BB\:00/power/control
modprobe brcmfmac

sudo -H gedit /etc/modeprobe.d/blacklist-custom.conf (possibly creating the file) and add the following lines:

blacklist brcmfmac
blacklist brcmutil

Note: instead of blacklisting, you can un-comment (remove the #) from the first two lines added to rc.local above
Reboot; internal wifi should now be working

Fix mmcblk0rpmb boot errors (if latest kernel does not automatically do so):

See the fourth “helpful reference” above for changes needed to the /lib/udev/60-persistent-storage.rules file.

Alternately, scroll down the thread to find a post with the updated file; download it and save it in place of the original /lib/udev/60-persistent-storage.rules (backing the original up first is highly recommended!)
can also just save the updated file to /etc/udev/60-persistent-storage.rules (this should override the  /lib/udev file)

Rebuild the initramfs: sudo update-initramfs -u
Optional: Add rm -f /dev/mmcblk0rpmb to /etc/rc.local (may help prevent system freezes)
Reboot; you should no longer see the mmcblk0rpmb boot errors. (This may also prevent other lags in the system)

Fix problems caused by attempts to suspend (if latest kernel does not fix the suspense problem):

Goto System Settings/Power and choose “Do not suspend” for “Suspend when inactive for” (do this for both battery and AC)
sudo -H gedit /etc/systemd/logind.conf and add HandleLidSwitch=ignore
Reboot

At this point, you should have a mostly working dual-boot machine. What doesn’t work yet (hopefully a new kernel down the road will fix these issues):
    * Bluetooth (it sort-of sees the bluetooth, but not completely)
    * Sound (volume control appears to work, but it is a “dummy” sound system)
    * ACPI (power-saving, suspend)

What does work at this point (mostly):
    * Internal wifi (if kernel > 4.0 and steps above are followed)
    * USB ports
    * SDHC card reader (if you do the tweak above)
    * Screen brightness (from System settings, but not from the keyboard)
    * Screen turn-off after specified time; lock when screen turns off - but note that sometimes if the system has locked after screen turn off, it will not return to the log-in screen when a key is pressed. In this case, it is possible to call up a terminal screen (Ctrl-Alt-F1), log in, and re-start the X server (sudo restart lightdm), but any open programs will be closed and any unsaved data may be lost.
    * Built-in camera

NEW: OTHER OPTIONAL SETUP

Set up micro-SD card as /home:

Insert a micro-SD card and format it to ext4

One way to do this is to install gparted (sudo apt-get install gparted); note that you will need a working wifi (see above)!
Note that you can also partition the micro-SD card and install one partition as /home, and another partition as something else

Copy all of the contents of /home to the SD card (or desired partition)
Determine the UUID of the SD card or the desired partition (sudo blkid)
*sudo -H gedit /etc/fstab and add the following line: UUID=XXXX /home ext4 defaults 0 2 (replace XXXX with the UUID noted above)
Reboot

Make the Recovery partition non-mountable:

sudo blkid to determine the UUID of the Recovery partition
sudo mkdir /mnt/Recovery
sudo -H gedit /etc/fstab and add the following line: UUID=XXXX /mnt/Recovery ntfs noauto,umask=222 0 2 (replace XXXX with the UUID determined above)
Reboot

Continue setup of Ubuntu as desired!

HELPFUL REFERENCES

http://www.jfwhome.com/2014/03/07/perfect-ubuntu-or-other-linux-on-the-asus-transformer-book-t100/
http://www.linuxforen.de/forums/showthread.php?276316-bootbaren-USB-Stick-f%FCr-32bit-UEFI-erstellen&p=1820224&viewfull=1#post1820224
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2254322&page=4
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/systemd/+bug/1333140


Wrong architecture for both 32 and 64 bit

If Ubuntu was shipped pre-installed on your SBC - it should have correct Ubuntu-repositories.

You should check your software sources (repositories) and ensure that you have only ARM-related lines in /etc/apt/sources.list and files in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ directory.
Usually the repository URL is http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports .

You can search https://packages.ubuntu.com for arm64 packages.


The chances of anyone else ever having this problem are slim (maybe if someone followed the same guide), but here is how I solved it.

Using grub-customizer, I reverted the grub menu to default. Make sure that the menu entry you wish to use is script: linux not script: custom. Then I removed the "Advanced options for Ubuntu" and deleted my old entry. Save and reload the configuration, and bravo! The first prompt now works for decryption.


How did you not set a password?

You can reboot into single user mode to reset the password:

Reboot
When the bootloader loads, press e
find the "kernel line", it starts with linux /booot/...
Delete the characters:
ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff
Replace them with
rw init=/bin/bash
Press x to boot
At the command prompt type `passwd {YourUsername} and enter your new password.
Reboot and user the password you just set.


Ubuntu 18.10 -- Intel Microphone Array Not Working

I've had reverse problem. I have a Leadtek Winfast 2000XP Expert TV/FM card (it's analog card); because TV standard in my country is PAL, but Ubuntu boots with the default (?) as NTSC standard - it's unpleasant audio sounds on boot. After the boot I've to run tvtime or Smplayer/Mplayer with tv:// to set the TV Standard to PAL .AND. to save my ears.

So, in ~/bin/ I have two files.

First is 02--Unmute_AUX.sh with the relevant command written like this: amixer -q -c 0 sset Aux unmute.

Second is 03--Mute_AUX.sh with amixer -q -c 0 sset Aux mute.

The amixer command is part of the alsa-utils package - as I am using 14.04 I'm not sure if this is true for newer Ubuntu versions.

I have to remember myself, when i'm rebooting/shutting down to issue the mute command, so that normal shutdown with saving alsa state will be with muted sound on AUX channel. Contrary, after I'm booted to XFCE and want to watch TV, I nust unmute the AUX line from Terminal. Currently I cannot remember how I found out that for alsa the right channel for my TV card sound is AUX - but I do know that TV card is connected with sound cable on the motherboard AUX input.


How do I debug a system crash probably caused by Chrome?

I would personally start by running chrome in the foreground with the debug option from a terminal window and tee-ing the output to a file.  That way when it does crash you'll have a complete log that ends presumably with information related to the crash.

There are a zillion chrome command-line options but I would start with ones like --enable-logging


What are the needed locales for dialog scripts to display correctly?

Encoding is the only part of locale that should matter in this case, make sure that it's UTF-8.
Check that the font you use in a terminal contains the line-drawing characters.


Can't write accent characters in Ubuntu 14.04

(I do not know Brazilian portuguese.) The name of the feature you are trying to use is "dead keys". A dead key is chosen so that it has a label which is similar to an accent and when it pressed it does not create a new letter, you have to press a second key too. Some combination results in the accented version of the second letter.

There are more than one builtin keyboard layouts in Ubuntu even for a single language. As I see there are five for your language:

Portuguese (Brazil)
Portuguese (Brazil, Dvorak)
Portuguese (Brazil, eliminate dead keys)
Portuguese (Brazil, Nativo)
Portuguese (Brazil, Nativo for US keyboards)

You have to choose either of 1, 4, 5. You can also choose the US international layout with dead keys, which seems to be popular among Brazilians:

English (US, international with dead keys)

You can add a new layout by

clicking on the input source (keyboard language layout) switcher near the right end of the panel to show the popup menu
selecting Text Entry Settings from the menu
Pressing the plus button below the Input sources to use list.

By the way, there is a keyboard icon on the right of the  plus button which displays the chosen layout.

If you have more than one keyboard layout in your Input sources to use list, then you can switch them by either clicking on the input source icon on the profile or pressing Super + Space.

For example, if I select  Portuguese (Brazil) I can type the letter á by pressing the English keys [a in sequence.

As usual, each of the things I mentioned above can be customized.


Cannot get temperatures in Dell Studio 1558

Try running:

sudo modprobe coretemp

This will add info about processor cores to lm-sensors.

Include the line coretemp in the file /etc/modules to get the module loaded at every boot.


Lubuntu Wireless Driver for BCM4309 [14e4:4324] (rev 02)

I got it working.  I found the "final solution" at this page:

Installing Broadcom Wireless Drivers

Following those instructions, I found that I needed to install a package called "linux-firmware-nonfree", followed by a reboot.

After installing that, wlan0 finally began showing up on "iwconfig" (previously only eth0 and lo were showing).

I did still have one problem - apparently the radio was shut off via the hardware button (on this model it's "Fn-F2" to toggle on/off - for some reason the little blue wireless LED is not working any longer, which usually gives an easy visual indicator about the radio state).

I discovered that part when I tried to bounce the wireless card with "sudo ifconfig wlan0 down" followed by "sudo ifconfig wlan0 up" - the second command resulted in "operation not possible due to RF-kill".

So, I ran "sudo rfkill list all" which showed "Hard Blocked: yes" (this means the radio is physically turned off). I hit Fn-F2 and ran it again - now "Hard Blocked" was changed to "No".

From that point in GNome Network Manager I already had the option to pick my network SSID and enter my WPA passphrase - all is well, I am up and running on wireless.

Thanks to everybody!


Why is Ubuntu 12.10 freezing and windows becoming greyed out?

Have you tried installing Zram in terminal? Also have you tried installing Preload from the Ubuntu Software centre.  I used Preload and that sped up my pc quite well.  Well that's all the suggestions I have.  Also type in google search "4 things to speed up Ubuntu" Try looking at the video from Nixie Pixel, she does vlogs every week and had a video on how to speed up Ubuntu.  Hope this helps good luck! :)

One last thing you might have a bad sector or something on your hard drive, how old is the computer?


Perhaps try using cpuid, this provides more information.

to install it open a terminal and issue the command sudo apt-get install cpuid then cpuid to run it.


mplayer: error while loading shared libraries: libvdpau.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

I managed to solve the problem using a symbolic link:

cd /usr/lib

/usr/lib$ sudo ln -s vdpau/libvdpau_nvidia.so.304.135 libvdpau.so.1


phpMyAdmin want config.inc.php to be not world writable. Just chmod 0755 the file

$ chmod 0755 config.inc.php


You may want to try this way.

Open your terminal and run this command:

echo "Xcursor.core: 1" >> ~/.Xresources

Then log out and back in.

If you want your cursor shadow back, you need to remove the file and restart the Xserver.


How do I replace content of XML file by using shell scripting sed command?


1. How can I put it on Launchpad?

First you should register your project;
then you can configure code hosting and push your code;
you may also want to configure the bug tracker.

2. How can I make a PPA for it?

The Launchpad documentation tells you how to create a PPA. It does not tell you however how to create Debian/Ubuntu packages. This topic is covered by the Ubuntu packaging guide.

You can automate the creation of Ubuntu packages from Bazaar branches using packaging recipes.

Other stuff

For more information, here are three helpful links:

the Launchpad help;
the Ubuntu packaging tools;
the Ubuntu developer porta.


Symlink is not a solution because of changed API.
I have ran into similar problem when tried to use Ejecter on modern Ubuntu.

You can get these packages from Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and install them manually:

cd ~/Downloads
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/parted/libparted0debian1_2.3-19ubuntu1_amd64.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/u/udisks/udisks_1.0.5-1_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install ./libparted0debian1_2.3-19ubuntu1_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./udisks_1.0.5-1_amd64.deb

and enjoy:

$ udisks
Usage:
  udisks [OPTION…] udisks commandline tool
...


Patched kernel, everything works except the device Huion 580 that was supposed to work with the patch

I finally got it working. First download kernel 3.9.10, extract and apply patch:

> cd linux-3.9.10
> yes "" | make oldconfig
> patch -p1 < ../path/to/huion.patch
> make oldconfig
  Huion tablets (HID_HUION) [N/m/?] m
> fakeroot make-kpkg -j 4 --initrd --append-to-version=elclanrs kernel-image kernel-headers
  ...

After that I installed the packaged debs, rebooted and everything works now, uname -a reports custom kernel.

Finally I had to restrict the tablet to only one monitor, the right one in this case. My setup is (1920+2560)x1440:

xinput set-prop "HUION 580" --type=float "Coordinate Transformation Matrix" 0.5714 0 0.4285 0 1 0 0 0 1

Here are the patched kernel debs for Ubuntu 13.04 64bit:

linux-headers-3.9.10elclanrs_3.9.10elclanrs-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb
linux-image-3.9.10elclanrs_3.9.10elclanrs-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb


How to remove (adobe) digital signature from PDF

If you've got ghostscript installed try:
gs -q -dNOPAUSE -dBATCH -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile=%stdout% -c .setpdfwrite -f locked.pdf > unlocked.pdf

That would remove signature.
If the pdf file has a password, then add parameter:
-sPDFPassword=$PASS

...and password would be disabled.


On KDE, how to set up keyboard shortcut to show all open windows?

Do the following images help?

Ensure "Present Windows" is active:

Set a shortcut of your choice or use the suggested default (Ctrl+F10):


How to append and sort the ouput of a command to a file?

Append the data to the file and the command, then sort and unique the file in a separate operation:

tshark -nr new.pcap.pcapng -T fields -e http.authbasic -Y "http.proxy_authorization" >> pass.txt
sort -o pass.txt -u pass.txt

sort can do the job of uniq (using the -u option). By specifying the output file (-o) with the same name as the input file, sort will replace the file's contents with the sorted, unique output.


Is it possible to link to apps in Ubuntu Software Center?

There are two main options:

Linking to the online version of the Sofware Centre
Using apt.ubuntu.com links, which can be easily generated from within the Software Centre, as shown below (note that this option is essentially AptURL, but with a 'normal' URL)


Convert bzr repo to git? Fast-export no longer supported?

Bazaar has not been pointed to Python 3 either. You could Bazaar and bzr-fastimport with Python 2.
Alternatively, there is Breezy (https://www.breezy-vcs.org/), a fork of Bazaar that has been ported to Python 3 and that bundles the fastexport plugin. This is in Ubuntu as the "brz" package.


VSCode Marketplace is currently down.  When https://marketplace.visualstudio.com is back up, you should be good to go.


I have found the solution to the problem:

Find the currently installed Google Earth package

dpkg --list 'google-earth*'

Uninstall the existing package:

sudo dpkg -P google-earth-stable

Install the googleearth-package package:

sudo apt-get install googleearth-package

Use the script to download the latest binary and create a .deb package:

make-googleearth-package --force

An example of the message you should get after executing the above command:

Description: Google Earth, a 3D map/planet viewer
 Package built with googleearth-package.
dpkg-deb: building package 'googleearth' in './googleearth_6.0.3.2197+1.2.0-1_amd64.deb'.
-----------------------------
Success!
You can now install the package with e.g:

sudo dpkg -i googleearth_6.0.3.2197+1.2.0-1_amd64.deb
-----------------------------

Install the .deb package as mentioned in the description:

sudo dpkg -i googleearth_6.0.3.2197+1.2.0-1_amd64.deb

In case any dependecy problems arise (which did in my case), use

sudo apt-get -f install

This will successfully install a compatible version of Google Earth for your system.

Here's how Google Earth now looks:

(As opposed to how it looked on my PC as shown in the question)

Note: This method worked for me, hope it works out for you as well :)

(reference: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/GoogleEarth)


GPU-Detalis of Ubuntu Desktop certified hardware (Pre-installed by manufacturer)

Ubuntu 20.04:
Tap the left Super key (Win key) and simply type Update
Reaching the end of the typing you will see two icons entitled software & Updates. Click on the more colorful one (the other is mostly grey).
You should now see this window, select the first tab - as shown - if not already selected.

Select the [v] ticks as shown here.
Then select the Additional Drivers tab.
Here you will find nVidia drivers, as provided by Canonical or "partners".
Check which versions there are; then google the nvidia site to verify which hardware that driver version supports. Note that support for some OLDER hardware was dropped some time ago, and that the very newest might not be present yet.
At the time of writing this, the 455 driver was the "current" one - so google(nvidia linux x64 driver download 455) - then click Supported Products after finding the right place at nvidia.com (behind first link in the search - at this writing).
(The actually supported hardware WILL change with time)


pppd options not working with sstpc to add default route?

Your pppd probably did not add route to direct all traffic to the VPN interface (say, ppp0). You can check the name of the VPN interface by this cmd ifconfig. After successfully running the sstpc command, you will see an extra interface (normally ppp0). Now you can try running this command to force all traffic of your machine go through the VPN interface:

route add default ppp0

Hope this help.


Possibly a bug in patched Ubuntu driver.

In Ubuntu 13.04, using the vanilla 6.30.223.141 driver of Broadcom.com, solves the problem.

In Ubuntu 13.10, the vanilla 6.30.223.141 driver does not work due to incompatibility with the kernel version 3.11. Patching the vanilla driver with patch "0009-add-support-for-linux-3.10.0.patch" from Launchpad, generates the SAME error:

  $ LANG=C sudo bash -c "echo 1 > /proc/brcm_monitor0"

    bash: line 0: echo: write error: Input/output error

FIXING BUG in Ubuntu 13.10:

Apply the patch from Arch Linux AUR instead of 0009-add-support-for-linux-3.10.0.patch

INSTRUCTIONS:

Download driver source (6.30.223.141) from Broadcom

wget http://www.broadcom.com/docs/linux_sta/hybrid-v35_64-nodebug-pcoem-6_30_223_141.tar.gz
tar xvzf hybrid-v35_64-nodebug-pcoem-6_30_223_141.tar.gz

DO NOT APPLY LINUX 3.10 UBUNTU PATCH. Apply http://ix.io/9DV patch only.

wget http://ix.io/9DV
cd hybrid
patch -i ../9DV -p1

Compile the driver.

make

Testing the driver.

sudo rmmod wl
sudo insmod ./wl.ko

Enable monitor mode.

sudo bash -c "echo 1 > /proc/brcm_monitor0"

source: http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/broadcom-wl/?setlang=de&comments=all


Is there a technical reason why a Ubuntu One account is needed for livepatching?

There's no technical reason. It's purely fiscal. They sell the live patching service, but offer it for free to individuals. This is done to finance further development of Ubuntu. This is permitted under GPL Licenses. Canonical don't have to give anything away for free - but on the other hand they can not stop you from offering a similar service - either for free or in exchange for money.

They offer it for free for individuals, probably partially because it's a service few individuals would pay for - and they limit the number of computers you can live patch.

When it comes to code, you trust Canonical for other code running on your system. This service would allow them to target you specifically, which is interesting, given the width of National Security Letters.


Cant ubuntu dash search files from every partition of my hard drive?

Yes..Once the Drive is mounted you can acces and search those files too...
Just incase it does not for the first time,navigate to the folder once through Nautilus and then from hence fort you wont need to navigat everytime. Just mounting is enough.. :)


what is the best shell command for port state?

My favorites are:

From a local machine

sudo lsof -i -n -P

netstat -an | grep LISTEN | grep -v ^unix

netstat -ntulp

From a remote box

nmap -v -A ip_address


By default the user settings are stored in ~/.config/dconf/user. This is a binary file so you can't edit it manually.

See Shouldn't dconf-editor and gsettings access the same database? for some more information about what files are used by gsettings and dconf.


I just followed the answer by Eternal Wolf here: How to troubleshoot Ubuntu One in Maverick beta?

and it seems to work.


How to echo output of a top into a text file?

Try the following

top -b -n1 > filename.txt

The -b is for batch mode, which should prevent the strange characters. The -n1 tells it to only print one iteration.


http://www.extremetech.com/computing/132300-unleash-your-chromebox-how-to-dual-boot-ubuntu-linux-on-your-chrome-os-device I don't know if you can create a pendrive from within chromium os, you might need to do this if you really want ubuntu along side chrome


Network manager is not detecting wifi networks

Yesterday, I upgraded from Ubuntu 16.10 to Ubuntu 17.04 and my wifi stopped working.

I noticed that I could still set up wifi manually on the console but the network manager applet wouldn't show any wifi spots and also not the active connection.

After spending 3 hours on the problem, I could fix it by a very simple step, namely modifying /etc/network/interfaces by removing (or commenting out using #) the following two lines:

auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp

I hope this might be useful for others!


This game doesn't run well in Wine, but you can play it in Ubuntu by using a virtual machine. You can create a virtual machine by using Virtualbox by following these steps:
First, obtain a physical disk of Windows or an .iso

Next, install VirtualBox. You can do so from the Software Center. Once Virtualbox has finished installing, open it.

Click "New" in the toolbar. In the wizard that appears, click "Next". Name the virual machine and click "Next". Set the memory size to half your ram. Click Next. Make a new virtual hard disk for the VM, I would recommend around 40 gb.

Finish the wizard by clicking "Create". Double-click the virtual machine in the list in the VirtualBox main window. In the first run wizard, navigate to the iso you downloaded earlier, or select "Use Physical Drive". Follow the on-screen instructions to install Windows.


No network connections after 16.04LTS install

The problem was my ethernet adapter was not being driven at all. I found that the realtek site only offered drivers for linux kernels 3.x or older so I installed 14.04 and installed the driver and its online now.


It seems you have included the file name in the path, which is wrong. The PATH must contain the directory that in turn contains the executable you want to run, not the executable itself.

Use this:

export PATH="$PATH":/usr/local/zettair/bin

This will work for the running session and all child processes only, you can make it permanent by adding it to your ~/.bashrc file:

echo 'export PATH="$PATH":/usr/local/zettair/bin' >> ~/.bashrc


Move/resize window on any part by modifier+touchpad (not clicking, just tapping)

I think that fusuma and following  plugins are helpful.

https://github.com/iberianpig/fusuma-plugin-wmctrl
https://github.com/iberianpig/fusuma-plugin-keypress


How can I setup my machine and my local net to create a ipv6 apache server?

The command ip -6 route would tell you which IPv6 routers there are in your network seen by your computer. I would guess there are none, unless you have set up one yourself.
You can set up your apache server to listen to IPv6 addresses like you set it up to listen for IPv4 addresses. I would not use a link-local address, which always starts with fe8 or fe80::/10. A link-local address is/should never be routed, and you must always specify which interface you should route through with a link local address.
Yes, you need to configure Apache2. You could use the localhost address, which is ::1/128, or a global address, which are ones from the net 2000::/3 starting with a 2. To enter a IPv6 address in a web browser, write it like this http://[::1] or in your case http://[fe80::7a2b:cbff:feb0:a047].
As there are very few ISP's that support native IPv6, I guess you will need to set up a tunnel between your net and a tunnel provider for IPv6. I use http://he.net/ as such a tunnel broker, but there are others. You can use any ordinary computer for this, but there are some home routers which have support for IPv6 tunneling, like D-Link. But you have to check for yourself. I use a Linksys with http://openwrt.org/ firmware myself.  You will see if you have routing if you use the command ip -6 router. Both your IPv6 address and router settings of your computer should be set automatically if you have a working IPv6 router in your net.

So set up your apache2 to listen to IPv6 localhost.

OR

First set up an tunnel to get IPv6 to one of your local machines.  There are many ways of doing this. Check with your tunnel broker. When you can surf from your machine, continue.
After that you should set up the machine to be a router of IPv6 for your LAN and announce the net prefix that you got for your LAN to other clients.  On linux you can use radvd for this.

Or install gogoc, register a user and change /etc/gogoc/gogoc.conf so your machine is a router for your LAN. It will set up all things, like sysctl and radvd for you, except for the firewall.

You should also set up a firewall for your IPv6 LAN, and I would recommend ufw.  Which world great after enabling IPv6 in /etc/default/ufw. It should be on nowdays.  There are different iptables commands for IPv4 and IPv6 firewalls.

Then set up your apache2 to use a global IPv6 address.


Dropbox syncing file.ext~ (tilde, backup/temp)

No current way to do it. Your best bet is to disable autosaving of the gedit files (I'm assuming thats the app you are using):

Prevent gedit from creating files with the '~' (tilde) suffix

Also, vote up this feature request with Dropbox for the option:

https://www.dropbox.com/votebox/2385/option-to-exclude-by-file-extension

EDIT: the above link is broken as Votebox is discontinued.
You may want to go here instead: https://forums.dropbox.com/topic.php?id=59743

If they ever implement that, it should work for your uses (file ext would just be ~)


Unexpected Logout caused by Xorg Segmentation fault

Based on this post, try disabling record module in Xorg.conf - as the crash backtrace points to librecord:

Section  "Module"
    Disable "record"
EndSection

This solved the issue for me.


My computer is also ThinkPad, and when I press hibernate mode, the same situation as you appear. So I simply set the laptop to close the lid and the computer still runs in the background. So I use Lock mode every time and use Xscreensaver. Although my answer can't help you, this is just my usual practice.


Ubuntu 18.04: Different logo at startup and different lock-screen

That's GNOME. It's a little different from what you're used to in 16.04. What you're seeing is the GNOME splash (boot/welcome) screen, and gdm3 login screen.

ls -al /etc/alternatives/*plymouth* # shows what the splash screen is currently set to.

You can change it back to the old-school Ubuntu splash screens using the update-alternatives command. See man update-alternatives for help.

If you're running with gdm3 display manager, and you wish to run lightdm instead, you can sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm.

But... I'd recommend leaving this all alone, and just take some time to get used to the new look.


The configuration file is located at /etc/apache2/mods-available/status.conf and typically requires an edit before access is allowed, once the module is enabled.

Keep a copy of the original file before editing. This example uses my configuration control methods, others do whatever works for them:

doug@DOUG-64:~$ cd ~/config/etc/apache2/mods-available
doug@DOUG-64:~/config/etc/apache2/mods-available$ cp /etc/apache2/mods-available/status.conf ./
doug@DOUG-64:~/config/etc/apache2/mods-available$ cp status.conf status.conf.16.04.original
doug@DOUG-64:~/config/etc/apache2/mods-available$ nano status.conf
doug@DOUG-64:~/config/etc/apache2/mods-available$ cp status.conf status.conf.doug
doug@DOUG-64:~/config/etc/apache2/mods-available$ sudo cp status.conf /etc/apache2/mods-available/status.conf
doug@DOUG-64:~/config/etc/apache2/mods-available$ sudo a2enmod status
doug@DOUG-64:~/config/etc/apache2/mods-available$ sudo systemctl restart apache2

For the edit, I allowed access from my LAN only:

doug@DOUG-64:~/config/etc/apache2/mods-available$ diff status.conf.16.04.original status.conf
9c9
<               #Require ip 192.0.2.0/24
---
>               Require ip 192.168.111.0/24

And now I can access the status page via http://192.168.111.1/server-status.


Can Ubuntu sleep like the MacOS and restore after running out of power?

The Safe Sleep mechanism MacOS
I don't know about MacOS, so I take your word for it. The process you describe has three steps:

System enters sleep (also called suspend to RAM) when you close the lid or press a button or click on an icon.
If battery gets critically low, the system wakes up and saves the system-state in disk, thus entering into the hibernate mode and then powers off.
When you turn the system back on again it starts in the same state it was left in, with all the applications open and unsaved files intact.

If you want Ubuntu to behave exactly like MacOS as described above, there is no way to do it.
Ubuntu Does It Defferently
The difference is in step 2. Ubuntu has no way of waking the system and saving the state in the disk when the battery is critically low. However, it can get the same results in two different ways. I will describe them below:
Hybrid-sleep
This method is the closest to "Safe Sleep" in MacOS
In this method, at step 2, when you close the lid, first thing Ubuntu does is, save the state of the system (which applications are open, etc.) into the disk. Once all that information is safely in the disk (either in the swap file or partition depending on your setup) Ubuntu suspends to RAM or more simply put, goes to sleep.
If you open the lid before battery gets too low, then the laptop wakes up from sleep as normally and as quickly as in the normal sleep mode. The information saved in the swap file/partition is discarded in the background. This process is usually faster than booting the laptop.
If battery gets critically low, Ubuntu will shutdown. However, since the information is already saved, it will not be normal shutdown. Instead it will hibernate. That is, when you power up the laptop again it will boot up at the state you left it when you closed the lid.
The disadvantage of this method is, it takes longer for the laptop to initially go to sleep after you close the lid as it takes a bit of time to save the information in the disk first. So, when you close the lid, the LED lights on the laptop will continue to glow for a while, before the lights change to indicate that the laptop has entered in the sleep mode.
If the system runs out of power, hybrid-sleep will restore it to the state you left it in as you want.
suspend-then-hibernate
This is similar to hybrid-sleep but with a twist. In this mode laptop enters the sleep mode as soon as you close the lid. However, you configuration you setup a time period (say one hour). After one hour has passed, the laptop saves the information in the RAM to the disk, and then turns itself off.
If you come back to your laptop within an hour (or the time you set), when you open the lid, it will wake up from sleep quickly as usual.
If you go for lunch and meet an old friend and decide to take the rest of the day off, and come back to work the next day, you will be able to turn the laptop back on without plugging it in first (assuming it had some juice left after an hour of sleep) and start working where you left off the previous day before lunch.
The disadvantage is if you return from lunch five minutes past the hour, it will take longer for the laptop to spring back to life (in the state you left it), as it has transitioned from sleep to hibernate mode.
The system does not run out of power as it turns itself off after the set time and restore itself to the state you left it when you turn it back on.
Both Solutions
Both solutions are described in the answer How do I use pm-suspend-hybrid by default instead of pm-suspend?
This is why I consider this question a duplicate. However, I wrote this answer to make it clearer  based on the comments and updated question.
Hope this helps


Cannot install php7.0-curl on Ubuntu 16.04 & PHP 7

You can either do:

sudo apt-get install php php-common

or

sudo apt-get -f install

to solve this dependency issue, however, I would opt for the first one, the second is like solving fine details with a sledgehammer.

If this all really doesn't solve your problem, then you might as well check if you have the package repositories enabled

and run an:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

before retrying.

Following procedure retrieved from chat discussion:

wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/php7.0/php7.0-common_7.0.4-7ubuntu2.1_i386.deb
wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/php7.0/php7.0-curl_7.0.4-7ubuntu2.1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i php7.0-common_7.0.4-7ubuntu2.1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i php7.0-curl_7.0.4-7ubuntu2.1_i386.deb

Solved it. Packages for the 'amd64' architecture can be found at packages.ubuntu.com.


Virtual box ubuntu: Internet not detected on guest(Ubuntu) in host(winXp)

Step 1:

Open a terminal CTRL+ALT+T and enter

sudo -i;

You are now logged in as root so have the permissions required to save the files.  Keep the terminal open. Type:

gedit /etc/environment

In the window that opens add the following lines modifying as appropriate to the file.
By which I mean your proxy is probably not called myproxy.server.com:8080 use the proxy settings from your windows machine.

http_proxy=http://myproxy.server.com:8080/
https_proxy=http://myproxy.server.com:8080/
ftp_proxy=http://myproxy.server.com:8080/
no_proxy="localhost,127.0.0.1,localaddress,.localdomain.com"
HTTP_PROXY=http://myproxy.server.com:8080/
HTTPS_PROXY=http://myproxy.server.com:8080/
FTP_PROXY=http://myproxy.server.com:8080/
NO_PROXY="localhost,127.0.0.1,localaddress,.localdomain.com"

Save and close gedit.

Internet should now be working (next time you reboot) but you won't get any updates to fix this in the terminal you opened before type

gedit /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/95proxies

A new window will open add the following lines modifying as appropriate

Acquire::http::proxy "http://myproxy.server.com:8080/";
Acquire::ftp::proxy "ftp://myproxy.server.com:8080/";
Acquire::https::proxy "https://myproxy.server.com:8080/";

Save then close the terminal and reboot.  All should now work as expected.


Since you're already using a Perl-compatible regular expression (PCRE) why not use Perl itself?

$ perl -0777 -lnE 'say "$ARGV:", join ",", /(?<="company":")[^"]*/g' FILE*
FILE1:COMPANY1,COMPANY2,COMPANY3
FILE2:COMPANY99

If each file contains only a single line, you may omit the -0777 "slurp".


I reached the following conclusions by interpreting the information in the /etc/passwd file:

Yes. Because no one of both are the root.
Correct. The admin have not so much privileges as root.  Because the UID is different than zero (admin UID>0), the root is the only one this property.
The admin user has a high privilege level (like install software) and the standard user has low privilege (it can't install software on the system)

More information about the /etc/passwd file here.


How do I swap the CMD and ctrl key on a mac?

The gnome-tweak-tool provides an option "Left Alt is swapped with Left Win". You may install gnome-tweak-tool with sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool and the option can be found in the "Typing" menu.


how can upgrade my Ubuntu LTS to new version which is also LTS without any changes in my current os?

Upgrading means that some system programs will be added, some deleted, and other upgraded to newer versions. These changes may or may not break other software that you have installed. During upgrade you may see some options to keep old configuration or upgrade to package maintainer versions. If you choose to keep the old configurations, just make sure they're compatible with the newer versions of the software being upgraded.

If you have installed applications from outside the repositories and these applications rely on dependencies (installed from the repos) of a particular version, you may have issues with those applications.

Doing the upgrade:

Before trying anything, you should backup your entire system!  I personally like to use clonezilla.
Once you have a system image of your current setup, try the upgrade.
If it succeeds, great!
If it breaks something you need, revert back by restoring from the system image you took before attempting the upgrade.


Libpcap not found in /usr/lib or /lib after apt installation

If you need the library file, you don't have to install the development package. libpcap-dev is the package containing the files needed to develop and compile own programs using the functionalities offered by libpcap.

The dynamic library, the .so file, is located in a package which doesn't have -dev in its name.

On my system, Ubuntu 13.10, it is located in the libpcap0.8 package.
So I did

$ sudo apt-get install libpcap0.8

and then looked if the .so file was well installed and ready to use by the system :

$ sudo ldconfig -p|grep libpcap
    libpcap.so.0.8 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpcap.so.0.8

Please note that using ldconfig -p and searching for the library in its output looks more reliable to me because the .so file are not always installed in /lib or /usr/lib as you can see.
Of course, displaying the list of files provided by the package can show you in which directory the .so file is installed :

$ dpkg -L libpcap0.8

A last word, if the output of ldconfig -p doesn't show the library in its output, you can regenerate the list of shared libraries by typing :

$ sudo ldconfig


How long does it take to complete the review stages in Ubuntu?

There are two "queues" ARB and "commercial/paid". For both the review pending stage takes the longest. This is where the submission is made into a package. If you submitted debian package source (the output of dpkg-buildpackage -S) then this stage will take a very short time. If you didn't follow instructions and submitted a binary deb the process takes MUCH longer as we have to deconstruct and subsequently reconstruct the .deb. If you submit a simple tarball, the packaging process is completely dependent on the complexity of the package.

The stages post review pending are quick. Once the app is packaged it goes to QA and once through QA (usually 24/36 hours max) then back to the developer to be listed.

I hope that helps...


How to install ASUS USB-AC56R on Ubuntu 20.04 (newbie)

After trying to run the install.sh file, and getting this error: "Compile make driver error", I finally found a solution here, given by chili555, and changing "rtl8812au -v 4.2.2" by "rtl8812au -v 4.2.5" (my version):
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install git dkms
git clone https://github.com/gnab/rtl8812au.git
sudo cp -r rtl8812au /usr/src/rtl8812au-4.2.5
sudo dkms add -m rtl8812au -v 4.2.5
sudo dkms build -m rtl8812au -v 4.2.5
sudo dkms install -m rtl8812au -v 4.2.5


Install gnome classic (also known as gnome flashback) desktop environment. Open the terminal and enter
sudo apt-get install gnome-session-flashback. Logout and select the gnome classic environment from the login screen.


LibreOffice should work well for this.
It should be the default in Ubuntu, but in case you don't have it installed:

sudo apt install libreoffice


What games like Age of Empires and Rise of Nations can I play on Ubuntu?

You need something like Wine to play the games you mention. How about some new games in the same category that you can get for free?

I can suggest two open-source games in the real-time strategy warfare game category:

0 A.D. (very similar to Caesar III) – now even in the Software Center
OpenRA (Red Alert clone)


Small issues after installing Gnome 3 (via PPA)

If you want a 100% stock GNOME3 desktop, then I guess it won't be possible right now on Ubuntu. You have 2 options:

1) Live with those minor issues for a few more months, then move to Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric where you'll have stock GNOME3 + Shell as an option.

2) Change to another distro such as Fedora until Oneiric is ready with its thing.

BTW, why is notify-osd coming up? In my case the GNOME shell notifications come with Evolutions. Are you sure the notifications are notify-osd ones? Do they come at the top right or bottom right?


From man chage:

   -E, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE
       Set the date or number of days since January 1, 1970 on which the
       user's account will no longer be accessible. The date may also be
       expressed in the format YYYY-MM-DD (or the format more commonly
       used in your area). A user whose account is locked must contact the
       system administrator before being able to use the system again.

Either you want a number of days, or a YYYY-MM-DD string. Time of day is not taken into account.

Try also date +%F -d "+30 days" which outputs the date in 30 days time from "today".

 chage -E $(date +%F -d "+30 days") USER


Mouse cursor lag after lock screen, 64 bit 12.04

After months of this recurring problem, I believe I have finally found the cause:

Intel Sandy Bridge GPU power management - when i915 rc6 is enabled, I get occasional USB slowdowns after resuming from a lock screen. With it disabled, the symptoms are gone for good.

Here's precisely what I did: Edited the file /etc/default/grub to include the line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="i915.i915_enable_rc6=0"


How to make workspaces joined as extended desktop?

You cannot do this with GNOME Classic (no effects) because it uses metacity as the window manager, which uses actual workspaces, and not viewports, as compiz does. I don't think there is any way to do that with metacity either. If however, you switch to using compiz, either by using GNOME Classic with effects, or the standard Ubuntu session with Unity (3d), then you will get the behavior you desire.

You can use compiz as the window manager, and simply turn off the extra effects which are enabled by default, in the configuration, as well; if they are annoying for you.


Satellite L750 Screen resolution problem

The Built in Linux drivers for Geforce video cards while good are not perfect,
and that could be part of the problem.
However you "might" have an option to install the drivers from Nvidia.

Here is how you do it:

First I would do a full update for the system from the update manager, and reboot to enable any new kernel stuff that would be put on the system (this really might be all thats needed).

Next open the "Additional Drivers" application and let it look for any drivers that might work. If it finds any it will display a list. you simply click on the one you want and click the activate button. (On a side note, for me I normally avoid drivers marked "post release".) After it completes the install you will need to reboot.


UTILITY_PROCESS_CRASHED_WHILE_TRYING_TO_INSTALL error in Chrome

Looks like a bug in Chrome: https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=401655
Judging from that thread it seems that currently there are two workarounds (I've chosen the second and it worked):
1) downgrade Chrome to v34 (someone also reported v35)
2) upgrade kernel (to any version? I've upgraded on Ubuntu 14.10 from 3.16 to 3.17.1)


dconf-service using 11.5GB RAM on Kubuntu 20.04

I ended up copying all files in my internal HDD to an external HDD using the live disk and FreeFileSync.
Then reformatted SSD and HDD and done a fresh install of Kubuntu 20.10.
Re-copied all files to internal HDD and now all works fine.


Open minimized nautilus window and not open home in launcher

This has been confirmed to be a bug on nautilus. You may add yourself to this bug as it affects you(you will need a launchpad account to do this).

The easiest workaround for this is to hover over to the nautilus icon on the launcher using your mouse pointer and scroll using the middle button if you are using a mouse. If not, you can use the touchpad's scrolling feature, i.e., either two-finger scrolling or edge scrolling or whatever you use to scroll using your touchpad.

(Source)

Note: This feature of bringing an already open window to the front works with all applications on Ubuntu 14.04.


Following leads picked up from @Raffa (Thanks Raffa!), I managed to get things working after doing the following:

First, manually reinstall Python:

apt-get download python3 python3.7 python3.7-minimal libpython3.7-minimal
sudo dpkg -i *python3*.deb
sudo apt install -f

Then manually reinstall software-properties-common:

apt-get download software-properties-common
sudo dpkg -i *software-properties-common*.deb
sudo apt install -f

I think that was just to reset my system to where it was when I started.  I got the fix from the Reddit thread:  https://www.reddit.com/r/pop_os/comments/aduzbg/upgrading_1804_to_1810_python3_install_is/

apt-get remove --purge python2.7-minimal
sudo apt-get autoremove

After that, things worked again!


Install Ubuntu 13.10 on EeePC, 32-bit or 64-bit?

The above answer doesn't quite apply to Ubuntu. Ubuntu can use physical address extensions:
http://howtoubuntu.org/how-to-decide-if-you-should-use-32bit-or-64bit-ubuntu#.UnFNYfmnqQk.
It really boils down to what software you use. eeePC is pretty standard stuff on the inside , so no driver issues on 32 or 64 bit. Also the oldest eeePCs do not support 64bit (I'm assuming yours does). Either is good, 32 with pae or 64bit. I'd go with 32bit since I'm assuming that working memory sets will be slightly more compact and memory use will be more efficient. However, Ubuntu recommends 64 bit in this article, so unless you are planning on being tight on ram, 64bit execution will be faster: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/32bit_and_64bit


You need to login on the landscape-server unit (usually landscape-server/0) and inspect the running processes. In particular, you can use the lsctl tool like this: sudo lsctl status. restart, stop and start also work.

That error means that at least the appserver isn't running.


Why right side of desktop isn't stop pointer?

What you describe is not quite standard, because by default, Ubuntu 18.04 will do "Edge Tiling". If you drag a window to left, right or bottom edges, at some point the system will show a coloured outline, suggesting that the window will be tiled if you release the button.

This feature can be enabled/disabled using Gnome Tweaks. Gnome Tweaks is not installed by default in Ubuntu, so you may need to install it first. You will find that option on the "Windows" tab.

With the feature disabled, I find I cannot move the mouse pointer past the edge of the screen. Maybe, you have a dual monitor setup. In that case, you can continue dragging past an edge to the second screen.

If you have a dual (or triple) monitor setup, you can configure the layout in Settings - Displays. It is, however, not possible to have a second screen act as an independent workspace (unfortunatelly). This, your second screen will always be adjacent your current screen (depending where you place it to the right, above or to the left. So in that direction, you always will be able to drag, and you cannot prevent that.


From the Launcher click on System Settings -> under the System heading click User Accounts. A User Accounts window will open and you can select a user to view that user's account information, including Account Type, Language, Password (requires authentication), Automatic Login (ON/OFF), and Last Login.

To view the user(s) information from the terminal type:

grep /home /etc/passwd

This command will show several attributes for each user. The user attributes are:

username:password:UID:GID:info:home directory:shell

The adduser tool is the best way to add a new user using the command line. When you add a new user using the adduser, everything that is necessary for a new user to use the GUI is created. For more information about using adduser see: What is the best way to add a new user using the command line?.

Use deluser to remove a user or group from the system using the command line. The deluser command has options to remove all files on the system owned by the user and for backing up all files before deleting them.

Normally you would use sudo before both adduser and deluser.


I had the same problem I was able to fix by installing unity-gtk-module-common unity-gtk3-module

sudo apt-get install unity-gtk-module-common unity-gtk3-module

Just to quote what I've already said on launchpad

  On side note why this has happened to me is cause of this bug during the upgrade:

  https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/tex-common/+bug/1241563

  Which broke my upgrade progress, I was only able to continue it with sudo apt-get install -f which most likefly failed to install new packages as it didn't know about them


Proper way to change terminal resolution in Ubuntu Server 13.04?

I solved it... and all I had to do was edit /etc/default/grub thus:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="splash vga=789"

I ran sudo update-grub, sudo reboot and it sticks in a larger-size console mode... just what I wanted.


Dual Boot Ubuntu full disk encrypted but Windows untouched

You can't, full disk encryption as it names implies encrypts the full disk not just a partition. Worse, to keep attackers unable to tell used parts from unused parts of the disk it will overwrite all the disk with random values, that means that you can't use it without wiping all the disk, including Windows partitions.

Sorry, but if you want to dualboot you are restricted to partition level encryption. Check this answer for a walkthrough (note the comments there as well).


MSMTP Gmail, username and password incorrect

If allowing less secure app doesn't work, you should consider 2FA.

Here is my working configuration:

account default
host smtp.gmail.com
port 587
from "yourusername@gmail.com"
tls on
tls_starttls on
tls_trust_file /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
auth on
user "yourusername"
password "yourapppassword"
logfile ~/.msmtp.log


AFAIK it is based on Qt5+.
I am using Qtserial in my project (pilotnavigator). My QTSDK 5+ is installed locally (not via apt). These are the instructions.

Copy qtplayground-qtserialport folder into a local folder (preferably where your Qt projects are). Example: ~/yourqtprojectfolder/pilotnavigator/qtplayground-qtserialport
Create a build folder at the same level called qtplayground-qtserialport-build in pilotnavigator folder. Example: ~/yourqtprojectfolder/pilotnavigator/qtplayground-qtserialport-build

Find out where qmake lives. Normaly it is located in your Qt5 folder, probably ~/Qt5x.x.x/5.x.x/gcc_64/bin

Open a Linux Terminal\

cd to the qtplayground-qtserialport-build folder. Example cd ~/yourqtprojectfolder/pilotnavigator/qtplayground-qtserialport-build

run qmake. Example:

~/Qt5x.x.x/5.x.x/gcc_64/bin/qmake ~/yourqtprojectfolder/pilotnavigator/qtplayground-qtserialport/qtserialport.pro
make

(If you get an error concerning missing file libudev.h, you need to install the libudev-dev library, e.g. sudo apt-get install libudev-dev)

sudo make install


snapd.seeded.service couldn't start on upgrade

You might try running sudo snap install hello-world and see if that installs the Snap Core. After doing that mine seems to be working now.


Ubuntu Stuck on Black Screen After Fresh Installation

Did you follow proper procedure, ie first disable windows fast boot and UEFI secure boot?

This should be done before attempting to install Ubuntu (or any other OS/Linux).

Secondly, upon installation and later upgrades, never do a hard-reset. It may seem the PC is doing nothing and is stuck - but allow it plenty of time.

Since it is a fresh install that have turned sour, I'd just as well go ahead and install from scratch. And maybe allow a bit more space for Ubuntu.

Some time ago I set up my ASUS N552VX with Ubuntu 16.04, allowing it 60Gb of the SSD. Which later turned out to be a mistake and increased it to 120Gb. Luckily did not have to do any reinstall, just some partition juggling and resizing.


Boot loader will not work on my computer

As your question says your ubuntu is installed properly but it is not showing GRUB menu at the booting time..

Don't worry.. This is just the matter of some changes in BIOS settings.

Go to your BIOS menu and then go to BOOT options(The names and order may change depending on your BIOS)
Find for the option secure boot(if it is there) and Disable it (If it shows some warning then just accept it)

Now in boot menu check for the entry which shows UEFI or Legacy..You should select the Legacy option..now save the changes and restart your PC now you should get GRUB


To get it to work, I followed karel's instructions:

Downloaded g77 from Ziddu, link on karel's comment.
Scanned the file for viruses and malware before and after unzipping it (wasn't sure it Ziddu was safe).
Put the unzipped file on my desktop.
In the desktop directory of my terminal entered:

tar -xzvf g77_x64_debian_and_ubuntu.tar.gz
cd g77_x64_debian_and_ubuntu
chmod +x ./install.sh
sudo ./install.sh

Then it worked (tested by entering g77 in terminal, reads: g77: no input files).


Raise and lower screen brightness (both from menu and from keyboard)


"Internal Error" when connecting to wifi - Ubuntu 13.10

Try installing proprietary drivers. Here's how to do it:

Go to Software Center
Edit -> Software Sources
Additional drivers tab


How to install packages in ubuntu without internet connection?

You can use Cube. It is a portable package manager capable of downloading packages and list of latest repositories from other computers with internet connection (Linux or Windows), and installs it back to your original computer, offline.

Check this tutorial on how it works.


Artha uses the Wordnet Database and adding new words is quite expensive:

  The WordNet database is stored in an ASCII format consisting of eight files, two for each syntactic category. Additional files are used by the WordNet search code but are not strictly part of the database. All WordNet file formats are described in Section 5 of the WordNet manual. The page wmdb(5) describes the format of the database files.

Source


The 404 errors are pretty easy to handle:

  Support for Ubuntu 12.10 Quantal Quetzal officially ended on May 16, 2014.

If you are still using 12.10, we cannot help you.
You should really consider upgrading:
Instructions for upgrading


I hard reset my computer while it was starting up, now Ubuntu is acting up

If you don't have any custom config files, you can try deleting cache, and the config directories in your home directory.

rm -r ~/.cache ~/.config ~/.local

Then restart the computer.

I recommend that you back up them just in case. Ubuntu will regenerate these the next time you restart.


How to automatically execute a command every time a certain application is launched?

The command vim ~/.guile will create a file .guile in the directory ~/, which is shorthand for your user's home directory. The leading . makes it hidden from file managers by default, to minimize visual clutter so to open and edit it from the file manager you will need to check the 'Show hidden files' option (or hit Ctrl+H).

You do not need to use the vim editor: nano ~/.guile or gedit ~/.guile will work just as well.

You do not need to do anything to indicate that guile should use the file on startup - there is no global registry, each program knows about and checks for its own configuration files. For example, vim itself searches for a ~/.vimrc file and so on.


Getting Wacom Bamboo Pen + Touch pressure sensitivy in GIMP

This is certainly a bug in Gimp and should be reported:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ReportingBugs

If the wacom support works in other programs then it's certainly not device related and everything you've done is correct.


Why can't I delete an item(in this case a java tar.gz) file of usb live boot for Xubuntu 12.10?

Are you sure the file does not belong to Xubuntu. You are booting from USB and trying to delete files from USB?
Try deleting with Shift + Del. It deletes directly without moving things to trash (which is apparently missing).
Try deleting from the commandline (If that doesn't work, post the error message that appears).


Can't run apt update because apt-config is running in the background

From the man apt-config page:

   apt-config is an internal program used by various portions of the APT suite to provide
   consistent configurability. It accesses the main configuration file /etc/apt/apt.conf in a
   manner that is easy to use for scripted applications.

Therefore, you should find out the parent process of each apt-config process.

Do

for i in $( pgrep apt-config ) ; do ps -fp$i; done

and look at the PPID column.


Can I get any logging and error output from Flash?

The location for the logs is:

/home/username/.macromedia/Flash_Player/Logs/

You have to have logging enabled. Take a look at this.

This will explain the way you can find out the error in using flash or flex as the front end for your applications.  By default flash/flex‘s logger is not enabled.  That means it wont log the errors raised to any file. You need to enable the logger.

This is from the Adobe site. It explains how to configure the debugger version of Flash Player for all operating systems including Linux.

Create a file named “mm.cfg” in the following locations:

home/username/mm.cfg

Open the newly created mm.cfg file in a text editor and add the following text:

ErrorReportingEnable=1
TraceOutputFileEnable=1

The flashlog.txt file will be created in the following location:

home/username/Macromedia/Flash_Player/Logs/flashlog.txt


assume your usb is mounted as sdb1 :

Install lvm :

sudo apt-get install lvm2

Create physical volume :

sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb1

Check if your physical volume is created :

sudo pvscan

Create volume group :

sudo vgcreate "Nameyouwant" /dev/sdb1

Check volume groups :

sudo vgscan

Create logical volume (suppose we will use ext3):

sudo lvcreate -l 100%FREE -next3 "Nameofvolumegroup"

Create ext3 partition :

sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/nameyouchoose/ext3

Mount your logical volume :

sudo mount /dev/seagate/ext3 /path you want

You can now store your backups .


How can I cycle windows in taskbar order?

Cycle through windows from left to right

(either on the current viewport only, or across all viewports)

The script below, added to a shortcut key, will cycle through your windows from left to right:

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
from operator import itemgetter
import sys

this_ws = True if "oncurrent" in sys.argv[1:] else False
nxt = -1 if "backward" in sys.argv[1:] else 1

def get(command):
    try:
        return subprocess.check_output(command).decode("utf-8").strip()
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
        pass

def exclude(w_id):
    # exclude window types; you wouldn't want to incude the launcher or Dash
    exclude = ["_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK", "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DESKTOP"]
    wdata = get(["xprop", "-id", w_id])
    return any([tpe in wdata for tpe in exclude])

if this_ws:
    # if only windows on this viewport should be picked: get the viewport size
    resdata = get("xrandr").split(); index = resdata.index("current")
    res = [int(n.strip(",")) for n in [resdata[index+1], resdata[index+3]]]

# get the window list, geometry
valid = [w for w in sorted([[w[0], int(w[2]), int(w[3])] for w in [
    l.split() for l in get(["wmctrl", "-lG"]).splitlines()
    ]], key = itemgetter(1)) if not exclude(w[0])]

# exclude windows on other viewports (if set)
if this_ws:
    valid = [w[0] for w in valid if all([
        0 <= w[1] < res[0], 0 <= w[2] < res[1]
        ])]
else:
    valid = [w[0] for w in valid]

# get active window
front = [l.split()[-1] for l in get(["xprop", "-root"]).splitlines() if \
         "_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW(WINDOW)" in l][0]

# convert xprop- format for window id to wmctrl format
current = front[:2]+((10-len(front))*"0")+front[2:]

# pick the next window
try:
    next_win = valid[valid.index(current)+nxt]
except IndexError:
    next_win = valid[0]

# raise next in row
subprocess.Popen(["wmctrl", "-ia", next_win])

How to use

The script needs wmctrl

sudo apt-get install wmctrl

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as cyclewins.py
Add the script to a shortcut key: choose: System Settings > "Keyboard" > "Shortcuts" > "Custom Shortcuts". Click the "+" and add the command:

python3 /path/to/cyclewins.py

That's it

Only cycle through windows on current viewport?

In case you only want to cycle through windows on the current viewport, the the script with the argument oncurrent:

python3 /path/to/cyclewins.py oncurrent

Cycle backward?

In case you would like to cycle from right to left, run the script with the argument backward:

python3 /path/to/cyclewins.py backward

Of course the combination of the two arguments is possible;

python3 /path/to/cyclewins.py backward oncurrent

will cycle backward through your windows on the current viewport.


Passwords aren't stored themselve. They are transformed by a function, and the so produced value, which is called hash, is stored.

If you login, the same function is performed on your input, and the generated value compared with the one in the stored value in the /etc/shadow file.

The function is of a kind, which is hard to invert. So with the value in /etc/shadow, you can not calculate the original password, and the key in there is not helpful for login - you need the password.

With brute force, you can try to generate such a password, and for common names like 123456, password, asdf, secret, 1111 and so on, the shadow-values are already well known, and stored in so called rainbow-tables.

To prevent attacks with rainbow-tables, the password-function can use a salt, which influences the result, which means that every password uses a different salt, stored in the first two bytes of the password hash string (thanks to psusi, who corrected me), so that you would need a different rainbow-table for every password, which is not very practical - it takes too long to generate them, and is expensive.

I'm not sure, whether ubuntu uses a salt. We can wait for somebody who explains it to us, or you could generate the same user with the same password on two machines, and compare the value in /etc/shadow.


Permission denied on cifs mount of Win2008R2 folder in Ubuntu 16.04

I found the issue! The command is correct, problem was special character $ in my password. The password was something like abcde$fge1 and I had to escape it like abcde\$fge1 then it worked just fine! Thanks to everyone for suggestions!


Is it possible to change Unity 3D to 2D and will I gain any performance boost after that?

Unity 2D is not available in Ubuntu 14.04, thus you can't switch. The packages for unity-2d in 14.04 are just transitional dummy packages. They don't contain any files but depend on Unity 3D.


Ubuntu 15.10 randomly crashing back to login screen

You have misconfigured or messedup with xorg while tweaking your system

Solution:

Try to enter with someother user Like Guest if, Yes then Logout guest and press Ctrl+Alt+F2 to enter your Terminal mode.

Login with your user which has sudo powers
Create a new user and add this user to sudo group

sudo adduser username
sudo adduser username sudo

now logout and login with newly created sudo user and delete your messedup user. That's it.

Other solution:

Install other GUI for system i.e Gnome
Goto terminal mode by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F2

install gnome
sudo apt-get install gnome-panel

This will install gnome 3, gnome classic and gnome-classic without effects to enter gnome on your login screen press unity icon and you will see the list of interfaces to choose from.

HOPE this will help


I also had this problem, did some searching and found this. It fixes the issue for me no longer getting double letters

Install ibus-gtk
In the terminal do

sudo apt-get install ibus-gtk ibus-gtk3

Reboot. (Does not work until rebooted)

Should work now!


How to move viber notification icon to the right position in 14.10?

I had the same issue and decided to test using the method the worked with 14.04 with changing "trusty" to "utopic" and it worked. I'm not sure if this is a permanent fix as I have not been using this for more than a day.

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:gurqn/systray-utopic
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

After complete log out and log back in and the icon should move to the right. Hopefully this works for you.


Manual LVM encryption setup with Ubuntu 13.04

Use the server CD image.

You'll get a full fledged advanced installer like the alternate installer, but it won't install any GUI. Install it afterwards using an APT task. E.g. for regular Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop^

or KDE/Kubuntu:

sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop^

(the caret is not a typo). Ubuntu is just a set of packages and while the several flavours install different packages by default, you can just change that.

Ever since 12.04 the separate server flavour of the kernel has been dropped and merged with the desktop flavour, so you don't have to deal with that.

Here's the bug report for implementing manual LVM partitioning in combination with encryption in the desktop installer: [FFe] [UIFe] Manual Partitioning Crypt  and a blueprint: Improving support for LVM & LUKS encryption within Ubiquity.


Ubuntu forgets theme and reverts to default

It sounds like you are getting bumped back to some (ugly) default settings, probably because of some settings manager not working. You could try running in a terminal killall gnome-settings-daemon, then gnome-settings-daemon&. (You should be fine to close the terminal, even if it is still giving you more messages. The gnome-settings-daemon program should continue to run, and hopefully your theme will automatically be applied).


It appears that since upgrading to the Utopic or Vivid LTS enablement stack, this issue has been solved. I decided to try it again recently and had no issues compiling except issues with parallel jobs. I had to remove oss4-dev, but this was a holdover from the last time I tried since apt-file told me that oss4-dev would provide a version of the file it was complaining about.

All told, WebRTC echo cancellation is outrageously good. I tested it blaring music through my speakers and it cancelled out everything. The end result was a little muddy, but that minor side effect it well worth the benefits. My thought: WebRTC echo cancellation should really be in mainline.


How to setup OpenVPN in ubuntu 16.04 desktop over a Proxy server?

You can connect to remote server through proxy by openvpn command line options like this:

sudo openvpn --config /path/to/config-file.ovpn --http-proxy proxy_server_addr port

Or if proxy uses socks:

sudo openvpn --config /path/to/config-file.ovpn --socks-proxy proxy_server_addr port

If proxy server requiers authentication, the console prompt you to enter your username and password. otherwise you can create a file that contains username and password in each line and append filename to the command:

sudo openvpn --config /path/to/config-file.ovpn --http-proxy proxy_server_addr port authfile


How to return to old chmod owner permissions after changing all to root

You probably mean you used the chown command. The command you provide is invalid.

If that is indeed the case you will find that the question is pretty much similar to this one: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/48845/how-to-revert-chown-command.

It turns out there is indeed not an easy fix for this. You will probably have to spend time manually restoring ownership of many files and folders, accessing them though a recovery drive. Something like this: http://www.system-rescue-cd.org.


Are 20GB packs available without owning a suitable mobile?

From Ubuntu-One website. https://one.ubuntu.com/plans/#storage_panel

20-Pack of storage ›

Monthly Price: $2.99 (USD)

Yearly Price: $29.99 (USD)
20 GB of personal cloud storage

Add as many 20-Packs as you want
Pay each month or each year
Purchase in USD or EUR

No phone is required. Only the music steaming and contact sync requires a phone, and a separate ubuntu-one subscription add-on


We can test without having to find your installation LiveUSB (although it's certainly a valid method).

Please shut your system down, then reboot and access the BIOS/firmware Setup.

If your Pavilion laptop was made after mid-2011, power on, and then
repeatedly press the Esc key until the Startup Menu
opens. Press F10 to enter the BIOS Setup Utility.
2008-mid 2011? Some models might support pressing F10 immediately after
powering on the notebook to enter the Startup Menu.
Before 2008? Press F10 to enter the BIOS just before the BIOS menu opens.

Navigate to the System Configuration screen, change something, then back out with Esc.

It works? Then it's a software issue. Doesn't work? Your keyboard internal ribbon cable has probably slipped out of contact. To go further, we'd need the model number from the serial number sticker. Other 'model' numbers elsewhere on your Pavilion are marketing names, and not the true model number required to find your Hardware manual.


How to know that an app uses which proxy settings

Well I would say, if the application is tied closely to GNOME (or any of the libraries closely related to GNOME), then it will use GNOME proxy settings.

If it is something to do with the package management stuff, then it will search in apt.conf

And finally, if it is a CLI utility, the bash variables or a configuration file.

It's useful to check the app's documentation/manpage to know where does it look for the settings.


How do I disable "Lock screen" keyboard shortcut under Unity?

You should be able to see what is the current setting by the command:

gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.lockdown disable-lock-screen

The output should be:

true

If it isn't, you can set it by the command:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.lockdown disable-lock-screen true

A cosmetic downside on my system is however that the screen doesn't lock any more, but still turns black for a second or so. You'll have to see if it works well on your system.


How can I open a file in my terminal, like nautilus does it?

xdg-open — opens a file or URL in the user's preferred application

But what if you want to change the preferred application from the terminal?

Try this

You can use the xdg-mime program to first check which is the current default application that will open a file and then you can switch it to what ever application you want.

$ xdg-mime query default application/pdf
AdobeReader.desktop
$ xdg-mime default evince.desktop application/pdf
$ xdg-mime query default application/pdf
evince.desktop

Now as mentioned by jokerdino you can use xdg-open to open a file with your preferred application:

$ xdg-open file.pdf