Why does flashplugin-installer display a multi-line terminal progress when downloading?

That's by design of the installer. These commands are executed by the flashplugin installer post-installation script:

# setting wget options
:> wgetrc
echo "noclobber = off" >> wgetrc
echo "dir_prefix = ." >> wgetrc
echo "dirstruct = off" >> wgetrc
echo "verbose = on" >> wgetrc
echo "progress = dot:default" >> wgetrc

# downloading the plugin
echo "Downloading..."
rm -f $FILENAME
echo "Getting ${ADOBE_URL}"
WGETRC=wgetrc wget ${ADOBE_URL} \
|| fp_exit_with_error "download failed"
rm -f wgetrc
echo "Download done."

The relevant setting is progress = dot:default which cannot be overriden. Perhaps you can file a wishlist bug for that on https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/flashplugin-nonfree/+bugs


Py_Initialize: Unable to get the locale encoding

As provided by Gunnar Hjalmarsson,
the answer to my problem:

'Hmm.. It complains about the en_GB.UTF-8 locale even if the locale -a command shows that it has been generated. Weird. Maybe try to re-generate the locale: sudo locale-gen en_GB.UTF-8'

This fixed it! Thank you so much!!


gnome-terminal instance with its own name and Alt+Tab entry

As of ubuntu 16.10 i managed to have separate entry for gnome-terminal with

 gnome-terminal --class=MC -e mc

That starts midnight commander within separate entry of Alt-tab.


To determine your video card make and model, run this command from a terminal window after booting from a LiveCD:

lspci | grep VGA

More detailed information can be found by running

sudo lshw -C video

and posting the results here would help.

To make a postable log file do

*lspci | grep VGA > logfile.txt

sudo lshw -C video >> logfile.txt*

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupportComponentsVideoCards shows the ATI Radeon HD 5450 Cedar PRO/radeon supports compiz and Unity with the default open source driver as of Natty (11.04) so the open source driver should be OK.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/ATI has specific instructions to help.


Port Forwarding to Connect to MySQL Database of VirtualBox

Things to check:

What is the "host" field set to for your MySQL user? If it is localhost or similar then the MySQL server is denying access because you are connecting from an external machine. Change the host field to % to allow connections from any IP (though obviously never use this in a production environment where the guest is accepting connections from the Internet)
Is your MySQL server set up to allow remote connections? Open /etc/mysql/my.cnf and verify that your bind-address is set to the private IP of the guest machine. Also, make sure your port setting matches whatever you are trying to connect on.

Beyond that, you'll need to post logs or connection information so that we can take a closer look at the actual problem.


Ubuntu not booting properly with GTX 970

I had the same problem for a while with my GTX 970 and I fixed it by using the boot-repair.

First you need to somehow get the ubuntu to boot in recovery mode. If that doesn't work try logging into the shell by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F3

Once you log in, then you should run boot repair:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

For some reason, everytime I use the GTX 970 driver to run my monitors, I had to do boot-repair...


Switching between Ubuntu Flavors [Desktop Enviroment]

In case of problems with logging in: it could be that purging deleted a needed file in /home/$USER/ or it changed permissions on a needed file. If the problems occur before login it is more than likely related to the video card driver.

1st thing to do is to go to a TTY (control alt f1). You can use apt-get to re-install ubuntu with:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

(or any other desktop) or re-install your video card driver or re-configure your video card.

If that is not possible you can also do this from the grub prompt or from a live session.

As a future method of doing this: do not mess with your OS. Install virtual box or vm ware and install Ubuntu in that. Make a copy of the container and you can mess with desktops all day long. Restore the container and all is back to normal.


Where to get the linuxdrivers for my printer Canon PC-D320?

Try to use the Canon Advanced Printing Technology (CAPT). It's an official closed-source printer driver. This link can help you through the installation and configuration.


How to create or use a portable java installation

The first step is to download a portable copy of the JDK for Linux. OpenJDK may be a better option, but since some programs refuse to run with it,
here I'll demonstrate using the Oracle JDK. DISCLAIMER: if you're going to be redistributing this then you need to be careful that you're not violating Oracle's EULA.

So with that out of the way, head over to JDK download site, accept the license agreement, and then select the .tar.gz Linux option:

Save it in a clean directory of your choice. After the download has completed, open a terminal window and cd into that directory you just created.

Now we need to extract the archive:

tar -xzf jdk*.tar.gz
rm jdk*.tar.gz

You now have a portable JDK. Next, copy your JAR file into the directory as well.

Now we just need to create a script to launch it. Let's use nano:

nano launchApplication.sh

And paste in this text (replace helloWorld.jar with your JAR filename):

#!/bin/bash

jdk*/bin/java -jar helloWorld.jar

Now press CTRL+O followed by Enter to save the file. Now exit nano with CTRL+X.

Now that we've created the script, we need to make it executable by running the following command:

chmod +x launchApplication.sh

Finally, you can run your program with the portable JDK by doing:

./launchApplication.sh


Upgrading primary drive from SATA HDD to SSD

Maybe.

1TB drives are not always the same identical size, especially if you cross from HDD to SDD.  Do a fdisk -l and verify that the SSD is the same size or larger than the HDD.

If you are good, go ahead and do a "dd if= of= bs=1M conv=noerror" and let it run till complete (around 3 hours).

If for your if and of, you choose the entire device (for example sda instead of sda1) it will copy boot sectors and partition tables also.

If you SSD is smaller, it still can work, but you must use gparted to resize partitions so the last partition ends within the SSD capacity.  (Do backups of important data before resizing).

Make sure your Bios/uefi is set to boot off the new device on reboot.


Ubuntu crontab backup website files won't run

Steeldriver:

  The % signs in the database backup commands are escaped e.g. date +\%Y; in your first command, they aren't. See for example How can I execute date inside of a cron tab job?

Thank you very much. I typed the / instead of \ in the first place, but I did remove them becouse they changed the name. This did solve my problem.


Trouble with Ubuntu 12.10 post installation

You have Low spec'd PC. Unity is too much for your PC to handle. Try installing xubuntu or Lubuntu. They are really fast and lighweight.

P.S i would recommend Installing Xubuntu.


Your source file is incomplete, get a backup from it:

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list{,.my-bk}

then open it using nano:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Add these lines into it:

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main universe multiverse
deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian xenial contrib

Then run:

sudo apt update

after that try installing your desired package.

If you still got problem then first try upgrading your system:

sudo apt dist-upgrade

or fixing dependencies, if there is any:

sudo apt install -f


Drivers written to Access internet through AT Command Based Devices

hardware side: talking to GSM hardware

There seem to be several people using a "SIM900 GPRS module" to connect to web servers using AT commands.
Is this close enough to what you are looking for?

"FTP HTTP AT Commands User Guide"
"SIM900GSM Arduino library"
"Arduino Forum: POST HTTP with AT Commands"
"POST HTTP command to update data into web server using GPRS"
"Sim900 AT commands + HTTP Get Request."
"AT command for HTTP functions"

EDIT:

application side: talking to normal, unmodified Linux applications

It sounds like you want software like Firefox on your Linux computer to work normally, without any changes to the Firefox application itself, "as if" the PC is plugged into a standard Ethernet cable to the Internet.

So your software needs to be a device driver that "looks like" other Ethernet or WiFi device drivers on the application side, but on the hardware side routes data through a USB or other serial port to the GSM/GPRS hardware.

Could you fork some standard Ethernet device driver or Wifi device driver, and then replace the section that talks to its specific Ethernet card hardware, with a section that talks to your specific GSM/GPRS hardware?

Entire books could be and have been written on writing Linux device drivers;
and many Linux device drivers are open source software:

Alessandro Rubini & Jonathan Corbet. Linux Device Drivers, 2nd Edition. Chapter 14: Network Drivers and Linux Device Drivers, 3rd Edition. Chapter 17: Network Drivers.
Linux Kernel – Network device driver programming
Bhaskaran. Writing a Network device driver - Part 1
Mohan Lal Jangir. Writing Network Device Drivers for Linux.
Introduction to device drivers - Part 2 - Ethernet drivers
P. Raghavan, Amol Lad, Sriram Neelakandan. Embedded Linux System Design and Development. Section 5.2: Ethernet Driver.
StackOverflow: How should I get started on writing device drivers?
eLinux: Device drivers

For your particular application, it may be easier for you to write a normal user-space program,
and set up TUN/TAP virtual network kernel devices to deliver packets from Firefox and other applications to your user-space program.

For questions about writing such device drivers,
since those device drivers work the same for all Linux systems (not just Ubuntu),
you may get a better response at more relevant sites such as https://unix.stackexchange.com/ , https://serverfault.com/, https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/ , https://networkengineering.stackexchange.com/ , etc.


The cli way

Method specific to LXDE/LXQT desktop (simple)

ls ~/.config/lxsession/Lubuntu

if autostart does exist

echo 'firefox' >> ~/.config/lxsession/Lubuntu/autostart

if autostart doesn't exist

echo 'firefox' > ~/.config/lxsession/Lubuntu/autostart

Method according to the Desktop Application Autostart Specification (also works in other desktop environments)

Try adding the firefox.desktop file to the ~/.config/autostart directory.

In my case:

cp ~/.local/share/applications/firefox.desktop ~/.config/autostart

If it doesn't exist on your system, then create it:

mkdir ~/.config/autostart

then copy from /usr/share/applications

cp /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop ~/.config/autostart

use preferred editor app(vi,nano)

edit `~/.config/autostart/firefox.desktop`

search for Exec=firefox %u

change to Exec=firefox

save

logout/login to confirm

GUI Method

Goto Menu > Preferences > Default Applications for LXSession

Click "Autostart" tab.

Under "Manual autostarted applications"

type firefox in the the textbox. Then click add.

exit then logout/login to confirm.


xrdp - Black Screen. Mac to Ubuntu 18.04

I just used an alternative free remote client instead: NoMachine.


Having to run command `sudo modprobe brcmfmac` every time I restart in order to get wifi working

Your card is blacklisted
You have to run sudo modprobe brcmfmac because it is blacklisted. You can tell this when you ran the command:
$ sudo grep brcmfmac /etc/modprobe.d/*
etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-custom.conf:blacklist brcmfmac

In order to "whitelist" your card you need to use sudo powers to edit etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-custom.conf. Then:

Find the containing blacklist brcmfmac
Insert a # in front of it.
Save the file

Now when you reboot you shouldn't have to type sudo modprobe brcmfmac anymore.
Thanks to Jeremy31 for recommending shorter version of my original answer. If yuou like this shorter answer please click on his name link find another answer of his you find helpful and upvote it.
Please note there is a reason your card was blacklisted in the first place and if you have additional problems you might have to download source for a different driver and compile it using DKMS.


How to access multiple webpage on Ubuntu 16.04 webserver from Local area network

On client machine add server1.example.com, test.example.com and foo.example.com to /etc/hosts file:

192.168.1.100 server1.example.com test.example.com foo.example.com

Then check if it works, in terminal issue the following command

ping -c 1 server1.example.com
ping -c 1 test.example.com
ping -c 1 foo.example.com

If names are resolved then check in browser if you can access sites test.example.com and foo.example.com


Are my coretemp "high" and "crit" levels BOTH supposed to be at 100.0°C?

All your temperatures seem fine.

The "high" and "crit" columns don't actually indicate a temperature, they just indicate what your system would consider "too hot" - if it ever reaches either temperature then your cooling is inadequate.  The round numbers of 100, excessively high 128, and the "high" and "crit" being the same, all imply that these values are guessed and not genuinely known: your system doesn't really have proper knowledge of what maximum temperatures it could sustain.  Most CPUs shouldn't run over around 70 degrees.


It doesn't look like you can do this automatically in Plasma 5 yet. Your best bet would be to open GIMP and create 2 images that match the resolution of your monitors.

For example: I have two 1920x1080 monitors so I take a 3840x1080 image and split it in half and set both monitors separately.

Here is a bash script that will split the image for you.

Forum Post with other possible solutions


Ubuntu Software: no plugin could handle gs_plugin_app_install

Open a terminal window, and install the Synaptic Package Manager

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install synaptic

Then try Synaptic, and you may be pleased with this alternative.


Many, but not all ethernet devices support Wake on LAN. Check:

sudo ethtool eth0 | grep -i  wake

If it is not supported in your device, there is no known method to force it to do what it wasn't ever designed to do.

If WoL is reported as not supported, you might check the BIOS in Chipset Configuration. What is the Deep Sleep option set to? You may need it set to S5 for the NIC to remain active after a shutdown.


https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu

The repository components are:

Main - Officially supported software.

Restricted - Supported software that is not available under a completely free license.

Universe - Community maintained software, i.e. not officially supported software.

Multiverse - Software that is not free.

Ubuntu will provide additional support for software that they officially support.  Furthermore, Ubuntu will assign people to actively fix bugs, issues, and other problems with programs in those repositories as they are found.  In the case above, Main and Restricted.  As for Universe, you will have to rely on the developers, who created the programs, and the users, like us, to fix bugs, to solve issues, and provide additional help.  Ubuntu "may" provide support for Universe software, but that is up to Ubuntu.


Since you have a minimal install with no NetworkManager, you can restart your network interface by running ifdown, ip addr flush dev and ifup on the interface in this sequence. You may want to take the relevant precautions if you are connected through SSH...


creating permanent alias by editing .bashrc file

The errors message suggests that you aren't using Bash but Zsh as your shell. Use the file ~/.zshrc instead of ~/.bashrc.


Best office programme for Ubuntu with Wacom support?

Use Google Docs inside Google Chrome. (Provided that you have decent Internet connection). It is possible to enable handwriting from your browser.

https://docs.google.com

You can add math and other miscellaneous functions with add-ons in Chrome

Math add-on for Google doc


Confusion regarding sudo apt-get purge make

As pointed out by ejno, it's fine: nVidia drivers depend on make, because make is needed to build the modules against the current kernel on installation / kernel upgrades: removing make without removing the nVidia drivers would have left the nVidia drivers' package "broken", so they were removed by apt-get.


disabling the 'gnome settings daemon' on startup solved the issue


Just updated from 16.04lts to 18.04lts and i have problems while booting

I'm afraid you you may find it easier To reinstall Ubuntu instead of reinstalling just the kernel to fix it. But the other option is to try and boot into an older kernel version or safe mode if its an option. Other than that I;m afraid that's about all you can do. If you do manage to log in with an older kernel, make sure you apt-get update && apt-get full-upgrade to make sure it it up to date an all the patches are installed.


How to solve "GPU Lockup - switching to software fbcon" on new install of 12.10-desktop-amd64

Solution for me was

Boot using live disc.  Hold down shift to get to boot options.  You should get a menu to try Ubuntu before installing, Install to disc etc etc.
Hit F6 and choose nomodeset, then press escape.
Choose the boot option you want.

If you get in then you will likely need install the proprietary driver for you card.

Hope this helps you.


how to create encrypt mount entry in /etc/mtab

The error means ~/show directory is not involved in mounting at the time of command (mount failed or encfs unmounted by some other action). Records in /etc/mtab created (automatically) when file system is mounted and removed after unmount.

By the way, while encfs is pretty straightforward, but it could be even more simplified by using any of the article recommended tools: gnome-encfs or Gnome Encfs Manager. They both are pretty stable and handy.


How to install driver for BCM4318 WiFi card on Ubuntu 14.04?

I figured out what worked, at least for me.

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2160343&page=2&s=befb7fad5368f83f07e67887b4083b35

and

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2243945&highlight=firmware


How to read ANSI encoded files in the right way?

ANSI means more or less nothing --- the most probable candidate for your encoding is Windows-1252. You can convert the file with

iconv -f WINDOWS-1252 -t utf8 < filein.txt > fileout.txt

but remember, most encodings (read the linked article if you are not sure about what that mean)  can't be reliably guessed, so you need to know the exact encoding to give sense to your data.

From the comments it seems that you are most probably looking for some Arabic encoding --- in that case check WINDOWS-1256.

The list of available encodings for iconv is on github, or you can find it with the command

iconv --list

Notice that just at the start of the list there are a bunch of "ANSI"-like encodings.


You should use the parameter nouveau.modeset=0 instead of nomodeset.
Install the Ubuntu system and the proprietary NVIDIA drivers in this way :

Boot from the Ubuntu DVD/USB installation media you had created before.

Highlight the option 'Try Ubuntu without installing' and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

Install the Ubuntu operating system - when finished reboot the computer.

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On the login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1
Enter user name and password - execute :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352
sudo reboot

Generally it is recommended to use the NVIDIA drivers from the official Ubuntu repositories.
But as you have very new graphics hardware, you can install the latest official NVIDIA drivers.
The xorg-edgers PPA does not provide the drivers anymore and was replaced by GPU Drivers.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-361
sudo reboot

After the installation adding the parameter nouveau.modeset=0 is not necessary anymore.


Fan Periodically Overspeeds When On AC Power

If the battery is getting your laptop hot. Then your CPU will catch heat too. So it's normal. Try not to put your laptop on a flat surface. You can buy a cooling fan. That works as a table for your laptop. That should help a lot


How to fix dependencies / broken packages

-f or --fix-broken

Explanation from the man apt-get pages

    Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place. This
           option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages to permit APT
           to deduce a likely solution. If packages are specified, these have to
           completely correct the problem. The option is sometimes necessary when
           running APT for the first time; APT itself does not allow broken package
           dependencies to exist on a system. It is possible that a system's dependency
           structure can be so corrupt as to require manual intervention (which usually
           means using dselect(1) or dpkg --remove to eliminate some of the offending
           packages). Use of this option together with -m may produce an error in some
           situations. Configuration Item: APT::Get::Fix-Broken.

I recommend trying the following commands.

sudo dpkg --configure -a

sudo apt-get install -f

Answer yes to any prompts and let apt-get try to resolve the issue for you.

EDIT:

Based on comment try the following command it should clean up your system.

sudo sh -c "apt-get update;apt-get dist-upgrade;apt-get autoremove;apt-get autoclean"


What is tmpfs and why is it using most of my hdd space?

tmpfs and udev are virtual file systems. They don't allocate any disk space but dynamically use RAM to store their files. As their content is lost when you shutdown the system they are used for files which should not survive a reboot.


why not use Swap file on SSDs instead of Swap partition?

There would be no real advantage/disadvantage.

They are two methods of accomplishing the same goal.

As to why we try to avoid it on an SSD, you might want to check out some possible duplicates:

Why no swap partitions on SSD drives?

On an SSD, are there any advantages to a swap partition over a swap file?

Do I need swap with new SSD?


1. Install Extension Pack

also see: How do I install the VirtualBox version from Oracle to install an Extension Pack?

USB 1.0 is supported in the version installed from the Ubuntu repositories (from VirtualBox > 4.x).

For USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 we need to install the free (but closed source) VirtualBox Extension Pack (NOT the "platform packages") from the VirtualBox download page. If you had installed VirtualBox from the repositories you have to make sure to choose the extension pack for the right version of VirtualBox. You can see the version of your installed VirtualBox in the help > About VirtualBox menu. For regular updates and bug fixes, it is recommended to install the most recent VirtualBox version from the Oracle repository.

  All virtual machines need to be powered off before installing the extension.

2. Become a "vboxuser" in Host machine (local machine)

To be able to get access to an attached USB device, the Ubuntu host user needs to be in the vboxusers group. Add your user to this group by running the following command

sudo usermod -aG vboxusers <username>

and reboot or logout/login.

3. Activate USB support in VirtualBox Manager

Shut down your virtual machine and open USB settings in the VirtualBox Manager. Tick Enable USB Controllerand USB 2.0 (EHCI) Controller or USB 3.0 (xHCI) Controller.

  If these settings are greyed out, you need to shut down the virtual machine.

4. Select host USB device for access from the guest

To grant access to USB devices we need to select a device to disable in the host and to enable in the guest (this is a precaution to avoid simultaneous access from host and guest). This can be done from the panel Devices menu or by right mouse click in the bottom panel of the VirtualBox Manager on the USB icon:

Tick the device you need in the guest, untick it if you need it in the host. If you can't see your USB device in that list, it means that VirtualBox cannot access your host USB devices. Make sure your user is added to the vboxusers group and that you restarted your host.

The selected device will immediately be accessible from the guest. A Windows guest may need additional drivers.

Windows 7 needs an additional driver for USB 3.0 support.
Windows 10 does not accept an NTFS formatted USB pen drive.

[optional] Use USB filters for permanent access in the guest

By defining USB filters we can define USB devices that will automatically be presented to the guest when booting the guest OS.

Click on the green + symbol on the right to add a known device.

  Note, that some devices may lead to a boot failure of the guest. We can not use these devices for filters.

Read more on USB support in the VirtualBox User Manual.

Also see: what are the proper values for usb device in virtual box


Adobe Flash successfully installed for Chromium, but still not usable

Flash will not appear under chrome://components. Instead you need to look at chrome://settings/content/flash to see if it is enabled. Some sites may behave weird when Ask first is the behavior, and may need to explicitly allow those sites to use flash without asking.


Apache: Cannot create a file in /var/www/html/siteroot

To resolve this do the following:

Change group ownership of /var/www/html:

sudo chgrp -R www-data /var/www/html

Add yourself to the apache group:

sudo gpasswd -a username www-data

Modify the file permissions of /var/www/html:

sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/html


In Ubuntu if there are wireless and wired adapters available during install the wireless adapter is enabled and the wired adapter is disabled by default (in the backend -- turning it on in the Network Manager does nothing).

The only way to turn on the wired adapter is to manually edit /etc/network/interfaces and add a line:

eth0 auto inet

Then use the command:

sudo ifup eth0

to enable the adapter.


12.04 POSTFIX openDKIM no DKIM signature

I found my own answer.  the messages in /var/log/mail.log were instrumental in tracking down what was wrong.  I'm still new to Linux, that was a tough lesson learned.

my problem was that in opendkim.conf I specified settings for:

Domian
KeyFile
Selector

And also

KeyTable
SigningTable

I removed the tables and the emails were signed from all emails in my domain.  That is after i restarted opendkim and postfix.


How do you install Ubuntu straight onto your computer

You can use Wubi, the Windows Ubuntu installer.

It lets you to install Ubuntu alongside windows without a CD or USB.  See the WubiGuide if you want more information.


Installation taking a very long time, hangs at "Configuring bcmwl-kernel-source"

Started the installation all over again, and did not select the "third party" part. The installation was completed shortly after. However, the wireless does not work.


How to upgrade only the software (but not upgrade Ubuntu release) via shell?

Run

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

This will not upgrade to 14.04 release and just install the required updates.


.....That would be nethogs
nethogs running with its default parameters will lead you to the conclusion that it is inadequate.
If you read the man pages, there are flags you can add that will give you your exact desired results (according to your statements).
sudo nethogs -v 3


on your ansible controll host... add the following line
vim ~./ansible.cfg

[default]
interpreter_python=auto_silent


The answer is short and the answer is Yes. Ubuntu 14.10 is not longer supported. And if 14.04 is not working for you, then you have to take the bull by the horns. Have a break with the next LTS release, Ubuntu 16.04.


Basically you only have one option: ejabberd

The other three available in Ubuntu repo (11.04+) is:

jabberd14/jabberd2 not support most of the new XEP, not sure if still actively maintained.
prosody is small lua xmpp server, good for test/development but not for production.

You can look http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_XMPP_server_software for some features comparison

HTH


Why the space usage of Ubuntu Windows Subsystem of Linux is lower than the Microsoft Store Download package?

There are some filesystem objects under hidden folder C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\ (their names can depend on WSL version):

C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\CanonicalGroupLimited.UbuntuonWindows_1804.2018.817.0_x64__79rhkp1fndgsc

This folder occupies approximately 214.4 MiB (returned from the following PowerShell code snippet):

((Get-ChildItem "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\Canonical*" -Recurse -Force) |
    Measure-Object -Property Length -Sum).Sum/1MB

More detailed - copy&paste the following code snippet to an open elevated PowerShell prompt:

# run elevated
$WinApps = 'C:\Program Files\WindowsApps'                       # parent
(Get-ChildItem "$WinApps\*Ubuntu*" -Force -Dir).Name            # Ubuntu On Windows
(Get-ChildItem "$WinApps\*Ubuntu*" -Force -Dir -Recurse).Name   # subfolders
(Get-ChildItem "$WinApps\Can*" -Force -Recurse ) |
    Measure-Object -Property Length -Sum -Maximum               # measure files
(Get-ChildItem "$WinApps\Can*\install*" -Force -Recurse )       # the greatest file

Result:

Windows PowerShell
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Loading personal and system profiles took 649ms.
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> # run elevated
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> $WinApps = 'C:\Program Files\WindowsApps'                       # parent
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> (Get-ChildItem "$WinApps\*Ubuntu*" -Force -Dir).Name            # Ubuntu On Windows
CanonicalGroupLimited.UbuntuonWindows_1804.2018.817.0_x64__79rhkp1fndgsc
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> (Get-ChildItem "$WinApps\*Ubuntu*" -Force -Dir -Recurse).Name   # subfolders
AppxMetadata
Assets
microsoft.system.package.metadata
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> (Get-ChildItem "$WinApps\Can*" -Force -Recurse ) |
>>     Measure-Object -Property Length -Sum -Maximum               # measure files

Count    : 52
Average  :
Sum      : 224813301
Maximum  : 223983209
Minimum  :
Property : Length

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> (Get-ChildItem "$WinApps\Can*\install*" -Force -Recurse )       # the greatest file

    Directory: C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\CanonicalGroupLimited.UbuntuonWindows_1804.2018.81
    7.0_x64__79rhkp1fndgsc

Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
-a----       23.08.2018     20:50      223983209 install.tar.gz


I want to be able to use the Unity menu with Citrix full screen

Try this,
edit .ICAClient/All_Regions.ini, and change:

TWIMode=Off
UseFullScreen=0
TWIFullScreenMode=0


I tried printing using the KDE document viewer Okular, and the document printed perfectly correct, no weird characters or undefined stack errors! So it seems to be a problem with the Evince document viewer.


When I try to type something, the screen keyboard always appears. How can I make it not appear?

Uninstall On Screen keyboard button by either...

Start Tweak Tool, click Extensions in the left pane, find On Screen keyboard button and click Remove.

Go to http://extensions.gnome.org, click on Installed Extensions, locate On Screen keyboard button, then click the RED X icon.

Now, to disable the On Screen keyboard, open System Settings, select Universal Access, and turn off the Screen Keyboard.


Java application appears in other unity workspace

Same problem here, foud a way around it.
Add the WindowOpened() event to your JFrame and type:

private void formWindowOpened(java.awt.event.WindowEvent evt) {
    this.setLocation(0, 0);
}


You need to include the following modules in the core image itself: gcry_rsa gcry_sha256

The --modules option should work.

By the way, while working with this I noticed that GRUB performs no validation at all if you don't include the verify module in the core image. I expected at least an error when specifying --pubkey but not including the verify image.


In Bash or ZSH, is there an opposite to the `clear` command?

Navigating the output history is not the job of the shell (Bash/ZSH); they don't keep a record of the output the commands within them have produced. Output history is handled by the terminal, which today is typically either GNOME Terminal or xterm. Both of these support at least these shortcuts, as mentioned by @kos:

Shift-Page Up to move at most one $LINES up
Shift-Page Down to move at most one $LINES down


After trying some servers I found that Kuwait Server works well.


You can try to allow the container to use system module (by removing sys_module from being dropped):

lxc.cap.drop = mac_admin

Maybe also by allowing use of the device mapper block:

lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = b 252:* rwm


Why is logrotate not running automatically?

It looks like I got this fixed.  I tried to run logrotate on the conf file instead of the syslog-ng file, logrotate -d /etc/logrotate.conf but it was throwing this error Ignoring /etc/logrotate.conf because of bad file mode.  Did a quick search and found that this could be because of file permissions.  I changed permissions on the file sudo chmod 644 /etc/logrotate.conf and ran a test by changing the daily time in /etc/crontab.

The files were then rotated automatically.  So looks like this was the fix.  Thanks for the help.


Instability on Ubuntu 11.10 for wifi Intel Board 4965

This (or a similar related issue to yours) was reported on UbuntuForums.

The recommendation was to try the following workaround - this disables wireless-N support:

gksu gedit /etc/modprobe.d/options.conf

Copy and paste the following text:

options iwl4965 11n_disable=1

Save and reboot.


Shared Files are not collaborating (only coming as read only)

i had same problem here are some solutions i had tried.
1> own the parent folder and write permission for all (a+rw .), set a incron job for monitoring files getting updated as users makes changes to doc and xls file.

or

2> install winbind libss and install smb4k, mount the parent shared folder through smb4k.  smb4k solves most of the problems in same & cross environment such as ubuntu to ubuntu ,ubuntu to windows ubuntu to mac.


Run script at login when GUI is ready with Kubuntu 17.10

I followed DK Bose's and dessert's advice and came up with this script located in ~/.config/autostart-scripts/

#!/bin/bash

# Wait for the GUI to be ready
while [[ ! $(pgrep plasmashell) ]]; do sleep 1; done

# Do what I want

And it works well!


To get it for free select the following options at the various steps:

Step 1: select In house development or Select opensource
Step 2: distribute :select No
Step 3: able to comply withe the licenses :select Yes
Step 4: You will be shown a box to download it for free.

It's that simple.

Source:

https://www.qt.io/


VLC Error Message: 'Audio output failed'

Certainly if there is sound working in other media players there is obviously a local problem with sound in vlc. Two suggestions that should fix the problem to try in order:

Reset the vlc config to defaults by running the following command:

vlc --reset-config --reset-plugins-cache

This may be enough to rectify the issue but if not try the following:
Follow this path in vlc:

Tools >> Preferences >> Audio >> Output >> Output Module

And select a different 'Output Module' from the drop down box. This screenshot illustrates the choices under a default vlc installation on Xenial Xerus:

Some experimentation may be required with these options until you find a happy option that produces sound...


Ubuntu 15.04 - Internet gets constantly interrupted since one week ago

This question seems to be similar: My pc is disconnecting automatic from wi-fi and I have tried the solution offered:

Replace Network Manager with Wicd:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall wicd
sudo service network-manager stop
sudo apt-get remove --purge network-manager network-manager-gnome
sudo service wicd restart

And reboot your machine.

This solved the problem for me. Since then I've tried changing back to network-manager once, but then the connection problems returned immediately. Wicd has worked flawless ever since.

There was just one more problem to tackle. I use a Cisco VPN connection quite a lot and Wicd doesn't support that out of the box. So, I needed a vpnc client. Wicd is not as easy as Network-manager in that respect, but the following websites helped me getting that to work as well:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VPNClient

http://sourceforge.net/projects/vpnc-gui/

Hope this will help you as well.


Remotely connect Windows Server 2012 core VM

I didn't really get the whole VM thing, but if you mean you want to connect to Windows using the Remote Desktop Protocol, you can use Remmina which I believe is pre-installed on Ubuntu.

Good luck


On Windows 8 you should be able to find the Ubuntu One token by using Windows Vault to manage credentials. This should be the same on Windows 7 as well.

On Windows XP, the registry editor must be used, and you have to remove the token under HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Ubuntu One\Keyring\.

On Ubuntu, you can open the Passwords and Keys application from the dash, or from System Settings, then find the Ubuntu One token entry and delete it.

After, open the Ubuntu One control panel application again, and log in, and you should be connected again.


Unable to connect to wifi from new Ubuntu 16.04

You need to install the Broadcom wireless drivers for your machine. One needs to install a different package for different PCI-ID's. Fortunately, an answer has already been provided for a question regarding installation of Broadcom Wireless Drivers. Follow the link of the question provided below

Installing Broadcom Wireless Drivers


How do I make /boot/efi writeable under a Live Session?

I was using the wrong commands, and another user elsewhere assisted me with identifying the correct commands...

cd /tmp
sudo mkdir efi
sudo mount /dev/sdb2 efi
cd /tmp/efi
ls

Once I changed to the relevant directory, I was then able to make the applicable changes:
mv grubx64.efi mmx64.efi

Sadly, it did not resolve my problem, as I now have a similar - albeit slightly different - error message when I try to start my computer...

Failed to open |EFI\BOOT\grubx64.efi - Not found
Failed to load image \EFI\BOOT\grubx64.efi: Not found
start_image() returned Not found


It seems that your system is missing the mount.exfat utility, which is provided by the exfat-fuse package. You can install it from the Software Center, or from a terminal using

sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse


Merge/Span Home partition across two physical drives - Can it be done and is it wise to

There are few different things you could do:

Switch /home over to your new drive (probably the best idea)
If you set up LVM during install, add the new drive as a physical volume (PV) to your existing volume group (VG).  Then create a new logical volume (LV) for /home.

This is the exact use case for LVM: you have an abstract idea of a storage pool that can map to multiple drives but you, the user, don't care about which drive your data is on.  The downside here is that if either drive fails, you lose your data.


There was no HD activity anymore and with the result of sudo fsidk -l. I decided to reboot the system and everything is working. So GParted actually finished the job.


Trying to install MS Office with wine via winetricks

run winetricks in a terminal.

This should open it up, if it is installed.


Workaround:

Create a script with below content. I have saved the file as /var/lib/lightdm/1.sh

#!/bin/bash

xinput set-button-map 'Dell Dell Universal Receiver Mouse' 1 2 1

Change the device name (Dell Dell Universal Receiver Mouse) as per your device name.

Create a file with below content, /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf

[Seat:*]
greeter-setup-script=/usr/bin/bash /var/lib/lightdm/1.sh

Create a startup application preference for your users with xfce login session with required changes to below command..

xinput set-button-map 'Dell Dell Universal Receiver Mouse' 1 2 3

Tested with lightdm greeter and Ubuntu 20.04 default.

Here is the output of lightdm --show-config

$ lightdm --show-config
   [Seat:*]
A  allow-guest=false
C  greeter-wrapper=/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm-greeter-session
D  guest-wrapper=/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm-guest-session
E  user-session=ubuntu
F  greeter-session=unity-greeter
G  xserver-command=X -core
H  type=xlocal
H  display-setup-script=/sbin/prime-offload
H  display-stopped-script=/sbin/prime-switch
I  greeter-setup-script=/usr/bin/bash /var/lib/lightdm/1.sh

   [LightDM]
B  backup-logs=false

Sources:
A  /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-disable-guest.conf
B  /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-disable-log-backup.conf
C  /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-greeter-wrapper.conf
D  /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-guest-wrapper.conf
E  /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-ubuntu.conf
F  /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-unity-greeter.conf
G  /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-xserver-command.conf
H  /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/90-nvidia.conf
I  /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf
$


Resolution goes to 640x480 after disabling KMS

I've come with an answer this time. But I've also got a question in case somebody wants to help me out too.

Okay, so here's the answer for my problem, I don't know if this will work for you, but you can (and probably have already) try. Reboot and go into recovery mode. Choose to run failsafe graphics mode. Choose what I believe is the second option, it's something like "restore default graphics". Do this and then reboot.

To answer your question (in a previous comment), it happened all of a sudden. I've got it mostly fixed now. Ubuntu is back to normal resolution, but once I log in as user, it still registers that my settings want 640x480 and the resolution changes. But I can't go into Displays and change my settings, because the save button is cut off at the bottom of the screen and I can't press it. The window size seems impossible to change. Got any ideas of how to fix that?

Edit: I fixed this (accidentally) by pressing Fn+F8, which is the command to change displays on my machine.


Issue with the my work Okta domain (mywork.okta.com) and openconnect VPN

Finally, the problem was related to the mtu. The command below solved the problem.

sudo ifconfig vpn0 mtu 1300 up


Is it possible to get any folder created within a directory is being created with 777 permission?

You have to use umask command:

Execute this command for creating every file or directory with 777 permission for an interactive shell:

umask 000

If you want to make it permanent setting for a single user then execute following commands:

gedit ~/.profile

and add a new line as

 umask 000

then save the file.

If you want to make it default setting for all users, then execute following commands:

sudo -H gedit /etc/profile

and add a new line as

 umask 000

then save the file.


A problem occurs when I try to install utorrent

I looked at that thread and it seems like you have the command for that step incorrect.

sudo ln -s /opt/utorrent-server-v3_0/utserver /usr/bin/utserver

instead of

sudo ln -s /opt/utorrent-server-v3_0/utserver /usr/local/bin/utserver

If all else fails I would recommend using one of the utorrent-like programs on the Ubuntu store. For example, I use Transmission.


How I can install regex package for python 3.4 without errors?

I also struggle with this error, then I found the python3-dev is missing but when I run the command it's already installed. Then I check for which python version it is installed using below command -

sudo find / -name "Python.h"

and output is like -

python2.7/Python.h
python3.5/Python.h

So then I check the version of python I am running to install that package using below command

python3 -V

Output -

Python 3.6.7

So to install python3-dev use below command

sudo apt-get install python3.6-dev

Just replace it with your python3 or python2 version


Maximum CPU frequency stuck at low value

The problem was identical to that described on this blog - the BIOS was limiting my CPU frequency, or at least suggested that Linux limits it:

# cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/bios_limit
2000000

To override that you need to type

# echo 1 > /sys/module/processor/parameters/ignore_ppc
# echo -n 2710000 >  /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
# cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
2710000

However, in my case the bios_limit seems to be on regardless of whether I run on batteries, or AC. Overriding this limitation works as charm.

You may also need to update grub to  force Ubuntu to ignore the bios limiting.
This can be achieved by:

Opening the grub file:

sudo vim /etc/default/grub

Replace GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT line:

- GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
+ GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash intel_pstate=disable processor.ignore_ppc=1"

Update grub:

sudo update-grub

Reboot


Compatibility Ubuntu with GIGABYTE GA-Z77X-UD5H-WB WIFI

From what I've read on the specs it looks as though you should be good to go. I've used GIGABYTE motherboards before and they work out of the box. No need to install additional drivers, that is unless you have a dedicated video card. Hope this helps.


Dual Boot Ubuntu 12.10 and Windows 7 64-Bit - separate internal HDDS - Grub rescue error when second HDD removes

The Windows 7 MBR on your 1st hard drive has been overwritten. To restore it, run the following command from the Windows 7 DVD: d:\boot\bootsect.exe /nt60 all. If you reinstall the 2nd hard drive and want to see the GRUB menu, set your BIOS to boot that drive first. Hope this helps.


The main question is do you need UEFI? If you don't or don't plan too or just don't know, either, install it as is or deactivate it. There isn't a real "reason" why you should select one or another that goes beyond of what you prefer. Each method has advantage and disadvantages but either way the decision is yours at the end and since you are not interested in dual boot, may as well not do it.

Personally, I don't use UEFI as I don't have a UEFI capable system, if you have one and you don't foresee any troubles, maybe do the jump and use UEFI all the way.


How to split the screen in GNOME Files (Nautilus File Manager)?

No, not since version 3.6.

Nemo file manager is a fork of Files (Nautilus) in response to these changes and has an option to start split screen accessible with F3 or under View -> Extra Pane


New HP Spectre x360 Wifi Not Working using Intel 8265 Card

Your wireless device, the Intel 8265, is indeed supported in later kernel versions; specifically 4.6 and later. Ubuntu 16.04 uses the slightly older 4.4.0-xx kernel. You can verify from the terminal:

uname -r

I recommend that you install Ubuntu 16.10 which runs kernel version 4.8.0-xx and fully supports your device.


Try downloading the PPD file from here:

Epson Dot Matrix


How to enable "Text Selection" at startup in Okular?

This I read from the official documentation Okular, I hope it's the answer to your question

  Tools !
  Text Selection Tool (Ctrl+4) The mouse will work as a text selection tool. In that mode clicking left mouse button and dragging
  will give the option of selecting the text of the document. Then, just
  click with the right mouse button to copy to the clipboard or speak
  the current selection.

The Okular Handbook. Albert Astals Cid, Pino Toscano


Recover Ubuntu installation after Ext2Fsd installation

I fixed the issue using e2fsck -b 32768 /dev/sda5 and pressing a to automatically correct all errors. Now Ubuntu 16.10 is booting again.


'/usr/bin/kvm-spice': No such file or directory when starting virt-viewer

It's a symlink to /usr/bin/kvm:

file /usr/bin/kvm-spice
/usr/bin/kvm-spice: symbolic link to kvm

Can just recreate it:
ln -s kvm /usr/bin/kvm-spice
It's part of qemu-kvm:

dpkg-query -S /usr/bin/kvm-spice
qemu-kvm: /usr/bin/kvm-spice

So you can also try reinstalling this package:
apt-get install --reinstall qemu-kvm


How to extend/increase ubuntu disk space on a dual boot win7/ubuntu 12.4

If the 100 GB partition is contiguous with the 20 GB partition, then you can do this fairly easily:

Boot from a live CD/USB

open a terminal alt+ctrl+t

get gparted

sudo apt-get install gparted

run gparted, and choose to resize your Ubuntu partition.

If the free space is not contiguous with the Ubuntu partition, you may need to move things about a bit.

Before you do these things, make a backup of both of your systems - there's always a possibility of things going awry, and Windows does not like to have it's partitions messed about with very much.


If you want to loop over a list of filenames in listafis.txt and test whether each exists in the current directory, then you need a file existance test rather than a grep command inside your loop, ex.

while IFS= read -r f; do
  if [ -f "$1/${f##*/}" ]; then
    echo rm -- "$1/${f##*/}"
  fi
done < listafis.txt

${f##*/} is used here in place of $f to remove any leading path components. If you create listafis.txt without leading components, for example using

find "$2" -type f -name '*.c' -printf '%f\n' > listafis.txt

(note the use of quotes around "$2" to prevent word-splitting and around '*.c' to prevent premature expansion by the shell) then you can revert to plain $f.

Alternatively, you can avoid the intermediate file AND make the whole thing safe for arbitrary filenames (including those containing newlines) using

while IFS= read -r -d '' f; do
  if [ -f "$1/$f" ]; then
    echo rm -- "$1/$f"
  fi
done < <(find "$2" -type f -name '*.c' -printf '%f\0')

Remove the echo once you are satisfied that it is doing the right thing.


Cannot boot from USB livedisk on HP Spectre x360 2020 13-aw2025na

I tried a different USB and it worked this time, I'm not sure why the first one did not work (It worked in a different PC, just not this new one).
For info this was the original USB that did not work
https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/B00YFI1EBC/
and this was the USB that did work :
https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/B07B8WC2NT


Online video playback in all browsers halting and unwatchable

Found the solution here.

My system is not a 64 bit system, though, so I didn't have the exact same files referenced in that thread.

So for me, the solution was:

rm ~/.gstreamer-0.10/*.bin

... and then reboot. Video is playing back fine now.


If you need to automate your post Install tasks there is a very nice tool already available. It is called ubuntu-post-install. You can find it in the below ppa.

https://launchpad.net/~thefanclub/+archive/ubuntu/ubuntu-after-install

This Tool has a GUI where you can select the software you want to automatically install. I use it a lot really Nice tool. Give it a shot.


Nvidia Problem connection HDMI (Not detecting LG TV)

last year i bought a alienware with a nvidia .
the first time i tried to connect this beauty to a hdmi tv i realize my laptop hdmi version was much newer than the tv's hdmi .

first i recommend you to try your laptop to other tv and see what hapend .

second in the setting panel , find the additional drivers icon and select the opcion : use nvidia binary driver .

if this docent work

try to use your intel hd video card and turn off the nvdia card

hope this help you .

if you have a dual grafic card like the intel hd and the nvidia .


Which types of updates will I continue to get in 12.04 LTS?

From the StableReleaseUpdates page.

  Stable release updates will, in general, only be issued in order to
  fix high-impact bugs. Examples of such bugs include:

  Bugs which may, under realistic circumstances, directly cause a security vulnerability. These are done by the security team and are
  documented at SecurityTeam/UpdateProcedures.
  Bugs which represent severe regressions from the previous release of Ubuntu. This includes packages which are totally unusable, like
  being uninstallable or crashing on startup.
  Bugs which may, under realistic circumstances, directly cause a loss of user data
  Bugs which do not fit under above categories, but (1) have an obviously safe patch and (2) affect an application rather than
  critical infrastructure packages (like X.org or the kernel).
  For Long Term Support releases we regularly want to enable new hardware. Such changes are appropriate provided that we can ensure to
  not affect upgrades on existing hardware. For example, modaliases of
  newly introduced drivers must not overlap with previously shipped
  drivers.
  New versions of commercial software in the Canonical partner archive.
  FTBFS(Fails To Build From Source) can also be considered. Please note that in main the release process ensures that there are no
  binaries which are not built from a current source. Usually those bugs
  should only be SRUed in conjunction with another bug fix.

  For new upstream versions of packages which provide new features, but
  don't fix critical bugs, a backport should be requested instead.


Can't click my mouse a few minutes after boot on 16.04

Could it be that some other hardware is interfering with your mouse?

Here is another thread in which the headset seemed to cause a similar problem.


Help ethernet problem disappears when I restart or suspend my laptop

*-network
       descripción: Ethernet interface
       producto: RTL8101/2/6E PCI Express Fast/Gigabit Ethernet controller
       fabricante: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
       id físico: 0
       información del bus: pci@0000:01:00.0
       nombre lógico: enp1s0
       versión: 05
       serie: b8:70:f4:57:26:e1
       tamaño: 100Mbit/s
       capacidad: 100Mbit/s
       anchura: 64 bits
       reloj: 33MHz
       capacidades: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation
       configuración: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=full firmware=rtl_nic/rtl8105e-1.fw ip=192.168.1.103 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=100Mbit/s
       recursos: irq:33 ioport:e000(size=256) memoria:f0004000-f0004fff memoria:f0000000-f0003fff
  *-network
       descripción: Interfaz inalámbrica
       producto: Centrino Advanced-N + WiMAX 6250 [Kilmer Peak]
       fabricante: Intel Corporation
       id físico: 0
       información del bus: pci@0000:02:00.0
       nombre lógico: wlp2s0
       versión: 5f
       serie: 64:80:99:24:8b:80
       anchura: 64 bits
       reloj: 33MHz
       capacidades: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
       configuración: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=4.13.0-36-generic firmware=41.28.5.1 build 33926 ip=192.168.1.104 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
       recursos: irq:36 memoria:f7e00000-f7e01fff
  *-network DESACTIVADO
       descripción: Ethernet interface
       id físico: 4
       nombre lógico: enx64d4da28f12d
       serie: 64:d4:da:28:f1:2d
       capacidades: ethernet physical
       configuración: driver=i2400m_usb firmware=i6050-fw-usb-1.5.sbcf link=no

-------------------------
After suspend or reboot
-------------------------

sudo lshw -class network
  *-network
       descripción: Interfaz inalámbrica
       producto: Centrino Advanced-N + WiMAX 6250 [Kilmer Peak]
       fabricante: Intel Corporation
       id físico: 0
       información del bus: pci@0000:02:00.0
       nombre lógico: wlp2s0
       versión: 5f
       serie: 64:80:99:24:8b:80
       anchura: 64 bits
       reloj: 33MHz
       capacidades: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
       configuración: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=4.13.0-36-generic firmware=41.28.5.1 build 33926 ip=192.168.1.104 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
       recursos: irq:36 memoria:f7e00000-f7e01fff
  *-network DESACTIVADO
       descripción: Ethernet interface
       id físico: 4
       nombre lógico: enx64d4da28f12d
       serie: 64:d4:da:28:f1:2d
       capacidades: ethernet physical
       configuración: driver=i2400m_usb firmware=i6050-fw-usb-1.5.sbcf link=no


Which apps support to open and convert JPEG XL (.jxl) pictures?

So far following apps support JPEG XL:
Viewer:

gThumb, from version 3.11.3 onwards with unofficial PPA – free Linux image viewer
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntuhandbook1/apps

XnView MP – viewer and editor of raster graphics

Qt plug-in qt-jpegxl-image-plugin to allow Qt and KDE based applications to read/write JXL images.

Picture tool

ImageMagick – toolkit for raster graphics processing
GIMP - with a plugin for GIMP 2.10 you can build separately.

Converter

MConverter – online media converter
Squoosh – WebAssembly-based image converter


How to pause a process until memory requirements drop

Somebody already did it here https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/68611/whats-the-difference-between-ctrl-z-and-kill-stop

  When I run a command (make on a large project) from the shell, I can
  type Ctrl-Z to stop the process and return to the shell. Subsequently,
  I can run fg to continue the process.

I am not sure though if the RAM will auto-clear.


You have wrong entries in /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf.

Replace the contents of this file with

# /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
# iwlwifi will dyamically load either iwldvm or iwlmvm depending on the
# microcode file installed on the system.  When removing iwlwifi, first
# remove the iwl?vm module and then iwlwifi.
remove iwlwifi \
(/sbin/lsmod | grep -o -e ^iwlmvm -e ^iwldvm -e ^iwlwifi | xargs /sbin/rmmod) \
&& /sbin/modprobe -r mac80211


The version of Unity that will be released in 11.04 is definitely implemented as plugin(s) in Compiz. (I've seen it with my own eyes...) This is described in a little detail in the blueprint on Launchpad.

It will also certainly be possible to use convential GNOME or the GNOME Shell, though perhaps not in the manner you describe disabling the plugin. It is more likely to be an option at the login screen (if you have it installed).


Getting error while install skype in ubuntu 14.04

As I see in your error, it's due to flashplugin-installer installation error. You can do as below to fix:

Completely remove flashplugin-installer:

sudo apt-get purge flashplugin-installer

If the error Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) persists while uninstalling flashplugin-installer, try this workaround:

Backup your /var/lib/dpkg/status
sudo cp /var/lib/dpkg/status /var/lib/dpkg/status.orig
Edit /var/lib/dpkg/status:
sudo nano /var/lib/dpkg/status
Search for "flashplugin-nonfree" in the opened file.
In nano you can press Ctrl-W, then type "flashplugin-nonfree" (without the quotes) and press Enter. The different entries are delimited by empty lines. Do not delete the first and best match you get. Keep searching (press Ctrl-W, then Enter again in nano) until you find a block (content between two empty lines) starting with:
Package: flashplugin-nonfree
Delete this block.
In nano, you can press Ctrl-K to delete single lines until the next package appears (you will recognize this by the empty line and another "Package: something" line)
Save the file
In nano, Ctrl-X, Y, Enter
Reboot your computer

Finally reinstall it

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install flashplugin-installer


Ubuntu 16.04 Intel NUC -- Bricked Repeatedly

I have had a nearly similar problem with NUC's specifically with wireless K/B combo's.

Use an USB extension cable for the K/B & Mouse Wireless receiver. I have had 2 separate situations where the inputs from the K/B & mouse were freezing the NUC, and had to reboot via power button - admittedly running W10 though..To test my theory I used a wired Keyboard and mouse..the problem disappeared for me.

If you search on the Intel forums it's a known problem with interference with the wireless network card AND USB wireless receivers (input) for wireless K/B & mouse - like that Logitech. It's all because of everything jammed in that tiny NUC case and the interference it causes.


Share folder between two ubuntu machines, one of them doesn't have internet connection

I'd suggest installing openssh-server on the machine with the internet connection, then using the command scp remote-user@remote-host:/path/to/file ~/place/to/store to copy a file from remote to local on the internet-less machine, as ssh client is pre-installed by default (if I remember correctly).

Alternatively, with openssh-server installed, on the desktop of the internet-less machine go to file->connect to server and change the type to ssh. Then enter a username, password & host to connect to the remote machine and mount the filesystem locally.

There's also this relevant xkcd.


By using this link: http://devmartin.com/blog/2016/11/ubuntu-16.04-remap-shortcut-for-windows-aero-snap-like-window-movement-window-tiling/

I saw that those shortcuts can't be edited like others. I had to install compizconfig-settings-manager to edit them.

I set them to Super+arrow and everything works fine now.


Vdpau performance in Precise with Unity 3d

That sort of CPU usage suggests that it's not using VDPAU at all. Even on a rubbish Atom+ION PC I'm only seeing 0.1-0.2 loads when playing 1080p. I suggest you double-check to make sure VDPAU is running.

This can fairly quickly be done with mplayer. Just run mplayer video.mp4 (making sure it's a codec that can be decoded by VDPAU) and you should see something like this in the output:

Selected video codec: [ffh264vdpau] vfm: ffmpeg (FFmpeg H.264 (VDPAU))

If you're not, check libvdpau1 is installed.


SAP ADT 'installing software' has encountered a problem - Eclipse IDE

Could you try starting Eclipse with these following arguments :
-vmargs -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true


Why does Roboto Regular display as bold?

Here is a tutorial I found linked to on the Arch Linux AUR page. http://nileshgr.com/2013/02/24/configuring-roboto-font-in-linux


How do you know, using the CLI, the type of partition that corresponds to its id?

sudo parted -l will list partition table including device name, volume number and partition type as well as label if assigned.

  ATA WDC WD1001FALS-4 (scsi)
  Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
  Partition Table: gpt
  Number  Start   End    Size    File system     Name                                   Flags
   1      1049kB  233MB  232MB   fat32           EFI system partition                   boot
   2      233MB   366MB  133MB                   Microsoft reserved partition
  msftres
   3      368MB   269GB  268GB   ntfs
   4      269GB   371GB  102GB   ext4
   6      371GB   379GB  8193MB  linux-swap(v1)

To get UUIDs associated with volumes sudo blkid -o full -s UUID

  /dev/sda1: UUID="34AC-FF38"
  /dev/sda3: UUID="B0F2BA9FF2BA2A04"
  /dev/sda4: UUID="cc92dc98-ffb3-4b74-6cef-03546e2bf3cd"
  /dev/sda6: UUID="ebafbd329-6147-3cb1-6afe-62366d766047"

A useful thread over on Ubuntu Forums http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1372947 and do not forget the Ubuntu Documentation http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/man8/mount.8.html making sure you are on right page for your flavour.

There is a standardisation of partition ID codes which can be easily found at this wiki page The beauty of standardisation is a wonderful thing.

To verify your partition ID codes use sfdisk (Do not use on GPT drives) ref:Ubuntu ManPages

  List Partitions
         The second type of invocation: sfdisk -l [options] device will list the
         partitions on this device.  If the  device  argument  is  omitted,  the
         partitions on all hard disks are listed.
         % sfdisk -l /dev/hdc

   Disk /dev/hdc: 16 heads, 63 sectors, 2045 cylinders
   Units = cylinders of 516096 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0

      Device Boot Start     End   #cyls   #blocks   Id  System
   /dev/hdc1          0+    406     407-   205096+  83  Linux native
   /dev/hdc2        407     813     407    205128   83  Linux native
   /dev/hdc3        814    2044    1231    620424   83  Linux native
   /dev/hdc4          0       -       0         0    0  Empty
   %
   The  trailing - and + signs indicate that rounding has taken place, and
   that the actual value is  slightly  less  (more).   To  see  the  exact
   values, ask for a listing with sectors as unit.

For a GPT drive use gdisk. sudo apt-get install gdisk will be necessary as Ubuntu Software Centre can not yet authorise the installation.

Hope that helps.


I think I find error. In not source port 123 then destination

Change

 sudo iptables -t mangle -I OUTPUT -p udp --sport 123 -j MARK --set-mark 0xfefa

to

 sudo iptables -t mangle -I OUTPUT -p udp --dport 123 -j MARK --set-mark 0xfefa

Also copy all entries except default gateway entry from main table

 sudo ip route show table main | grep -Ev ^default | while read ROUTE ; do ip route add table ntp.out $ROUTE; done


How to generate a new log file containing the MAC adress based on pihole.log which didn't contain it by default

This Bash single-liner works for me:
tail -f /var/log/pihole.log | while read line ; do echo -n "$line" ; ip=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $NF}') ; mac=$(arp -n | grep '^'$ip' ' | awk '{print $3}') ; [ "$mac" = "" ] && echo " xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx" || echo " $mac" ; done >> /var/log/pihole2.log

or in multiline form:
#!/bin/bash
tail -f /var/log/pihole.log | while read line ; do
  echo -n "$line"
  ip=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $NF}')
  mac=$(arp -n | grep '^'$ip' '|  awk '{print $3}')
  [ "$mac" = "" ] && echo " xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx" || echo " $mac"
done >> /var/log/pihole2.log


Does the -an switch speed up the first pass of a 2 pass ffmpeg encode?

Any effect at all?

Yes. Using the -an switch causes ffmpeg to skip processing the audio stream.

Any positive benefit?

Yes there is a measurable decrease in processing time..
I took a 60 second mp4 source clip to use for testing and issued the command

time ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -y -an -c:v libvpx -quality best -b:v 225k -qmin 10 -qmax 42 -maxrate 300k -bufsize 1000k -threads 4 -pass 1 -f webm /dev/null

I obtained the following output:

frame= 1799 fps=174 q=0.0 Lsize=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A
video:0kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: unknown

Output file is empty, nothing was encoded

real    0m10.477s
user    0m12.972s
sys 0m0.188s

and then renamed the resulting log file an.log for comparison later.

I ran the command again without the -an switch as in

time ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -y -c:v libvpx -quality best -b:v 225k -qmin 10 -qmax 42 -maxrate 300k -bufsize 1000k -threads 4 -pass 1 -f webm /dev/null

The resulting output was:

frame= 1799 fps=165 q=0.0 Lsize=     505kB time=00:01:00.01 bitrate=  68.9kbits/s
video:0kB audio:483kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 4.367473%

    real    0m11.088s
    user    0m13.792s
    sys 0m0.156s

So it looks like it's a little bit faster to run the first pass with the -an

Any change to the 1st pass log file?
No. As expected the log files are identical as running diff on them proves.


color seems unaligned since fixed login loop, other graphics changed (Ubuntu 12.04)

I fixed this. Apparently I accidentally used Ubuntu in its 2D mode, which caused the distortions and other problems. Turning it to the normal mode in the login screen solved the problem!


High CPU temp on boot + Fan noise on Ubuntu/Thinkpad T490

Ubuntu boots with the CPU frequency scaling governor set to performance. By default, it will switch to something less power hungry after a few seconds, depending on your processor (about 10 for mine). It used to be 1 minute, but this seems to have changed with 20.04.
I have no knowledge about what windows does or why.
The kernel configuration dictates what CPU frequency scaling driver and governor will be used by default and during boot. For the current 20.04 kernel, 5.4.0-40-generic (and it doesn't matter if I am behind here):
/boot/config-5.4.0-40-generic the relevant area is:
#
# CPU Frequency scaling
#
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_ATTR_SET=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_COMMON=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_STAT=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_PERFORMANCE=y
# CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_POWERSAVE is not set
# CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_USERSPACE is not set
# CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_ONDEMAND is not set
# CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_CONSERVATIVE is not set
# CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_SCHEDUTIL is not set
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_PERFORMANCE=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_POWERSAVE=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_USERSPACE=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_ONDEMAND=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_CONSERVATIVE=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_SCHEDUTIL=y

#
# CPU frequency scaling drivers
#
CONFIG_X86_INTEL_PSTATE=y
CONFIG_X86_PCC_CPUFREQ=y
CONFIG_X86_ACPI_CPUFREQ=y
CONFIG_X86_ACPI_CPUFREQ_CPB=y
CONFIG_X86_POWERNOW_K8=y
CONFIG_X86_AMD_FREQ_SENSITIVITY=m
CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO=y
CONFIG_X86_P4_CLOCKMOD=m

And you can observe the performance governor is the default.
This is an Ubuntu thing not a Linux thing.
You can compile your own kernel, specifying a different default governor. Example:
#
# CPU Frequency scaling
#
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_ATTR_SET=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_COMMON=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_STAT=y
# CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_PERFORMANCE is not set
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_POWERSAVE=y
# CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_USERSPACE is not set
# CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_ONDEMAND is not set
# CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_CONSERVATIVE is not set
# CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_DEFAULT_GOV_SCHEDUTIL is not set
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_PERFORMANCE=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_POWERSAVE=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_USERSPACE=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_ONDEMAND=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_CONSERVATIVE=y
CONFIG_CPU_FREQ_GOV_SCHEDUTIL=y

But such an approach will require ongoing work, as you would have to do it for every kernel update.
I do not think there is way to advance the change the time, as it looks as though Ubuntu runs the change script as soon as is reasonable during the boot process. The related service is called the ondemand.service which calls /lib/systemd/set-cpufreq.
Now, there is often a lot to do durng boot, so your processor might remain consuming a lot of power, even after the governor change until it finishes its startup work.


Ubuntu 19.10 - Laptop won't reboot/shutdown if the lid is closed (SSH)

https://askubuntu.com/a/361087/1042108

sudo nano /etc/systemd/logind.conf

uncomment (remove #) HandleLidSwitch=ignore
and then sudo systemctl restart systemd-logind.service


Stand alone GPU or integrated Intel graphics

Yes. The GeForce with a Average G3D Mark of 751 will run faster and consume more power, an issue if you run on battery. Should you, indeed, be on a notebook PC on battery, you may wish to extend battery runtime by choosing the Intel integrated GPU instead which has a G3D Mark of 60.


Why do I get this warning from Gnome keyring in Xubuntu?

Under a Bourne shell, you can turn off gnome-keyring and get rid of this warning by running:

unset GNOME_KEYRING_CONTROL

to remove the gnome keyring path from your environment variables. You can also put this command at the end of your ~/.bashrc file.

Under a C shell, the equivalent command is:

unsetenv GNOME_KEYRING_CONTROL

and the command can be put at the end of your ~/.cshrc file.


I found the problem, I needed to specify the number of colors available via the command

set t_Co=256


First of all, NTP does not care about time zones or Daylight Savings or any such nonsense. NTP distributes time in UTC. Linux also tracks time in UTC.

In addition, the system or user may choose a different time zone for software. For your user this is as simple as exporting the desired time zone:

[~]$ date
Sat 11 Aug 15:28:31 CEST 2018
[~]$ export TZ='Asia/Singapore'
[~]$ date
Sat 11 Aug 21:28:39 +08 2018

It's not a NTP problem, it's a problem with your Time Zone Data configuration. In Ubuntu this is kept in the package tzdata.

You should check which version you have installed with apt policy tzdata, and compare this with the latest available version, at the time of writing 2017c-0ubuntu0.16.04 for 16.04 and 2018d-1 for 18.04. If you have the latest version, and it has incorrect definitions, you should file a bug against the package in Launchpad, explaining why the current definition of the time zone is incorrect.

So in short: your problem is not related to ntp, but to tzdata being incorrect for your case.

In case you manually want to update the tz information while waiting for the update, this is possible. You have to download the new release of the tz database, and compile.

[/tmp]$ wget "https://data.iana.org/time-zones/releases/tzdata2018e.tar.gz"
[/tmp]$ mkdir tzdata; cd tzdata
[/tmp/tzdata]$ tar -zxf ../tzdata2018e.tar.gz
[/tmp/tzdata]$ mkdir test
[/tmp/tzdata]$ zic -d test southamerica
[/tmp/tzdata]$ TZ=`pwd`/test/America/Sao_Paulo date
Sat 11 Aug 10:49:18 -03 2018
[/tmp/tzdata]$ zdump -v `pwd`/test/America/Sao_Paulo | grep 2018
/tmp/tzdata/test/America/Sao_Paulo  Sun Feb 18 01:59:59 2018 UT = Sat Feb 17 23:59:59 2018 -02 isdst=1 gmtoff=-7200
/tmp/tzdata/test/America/Sao_Paulo  Sun Feb 18 02:00:00 2018 UT = Sat Feb 17 23:00:00 2018 -03 isdst=0 gmtoff=-10800
/tmp/tzdata/test/America/Sao_Paulo  Sun Nov  4 02:59:59 2018 UT = Sat Nov  3 23:59:59 2018 -03 isdst=0 gmtoff=-10800
/tmp/tzdata/test/America/Sao_Paulo  Sun Nov  4 03:00:00 2018 UT = Sun Nov  4 01:00:00 2018 -02 isdst=1 gmtoff=-7200

If this looks correct, you can run sudo zic southamerica to actually replace your distribution provided tzdata for South American region.

Some more information can be found in Debians wiki page for TimeZoneChange. When it comes to tzdata, Ubuntu behaves exactly as Debian, so the page is a valid resource for Ubuntu.


Node.js application is not working ARM Ubuntu

Using guide http://masashi-k.blogspot.com/2013/08/nodejs-on-android.html I've compiled and installed NodeJS 0.10.35 on my Galaxy Note 8 (rooted, custom FlexBurst 1.2 ROM for SELinux disabling).

It was printing version but on any code execution it just replied my input and was doing nothing. After many trial and error, I’ve found a solution – trying guide here http://www.ibaivalencia.com/instalar-y-ejecutar-node-js-en-una-maquina-arm-con-linux/, I’ve compiled and installed node 0.11.9 and it was able to execute test code with console logging.

Here's a list of commands just in case if link is not working:

wget http://nodejs.org/dist/v0.11.9/node-v0.11.9.tar.gz
tar -zxvf node-v0.11.9.tar.gz
cd node-v0.11.9
./configure --without-snapshot --dest-cpu=arm --dest-os=linux
make
sudo make install


Setting different subpixel rendering on different monitors

You'd have to configure your displays as separate X screens, not a shared desktop. Ubuntu should then let you adjust the sub-pixel order for individual X screens.

Otherwise, what would happen with a window that spans two display devices with differing sub-pixel orders? Or even trickier, two displays in clone mode with different physical orders (RGB vs BGR).

This is a known limitation for all the operating systems right now and would need a major redesign to get it fixed. Dynamic adjustment isn't feasible because the library doing the rendering would have to know which screen you are on and adjust dynamically. Plus, suppose you have half of a window on one screen and half on another - it wouldn't know which to choose.

Setting up multiple X screens:

Boot up and reconfigure X.
sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg
Follow the steps to set up the primary display. (I don't know of a way to do this particular step from CLI)
Open up a terminal and
lspci
This should give you a list of your devices and their bus ids. Find the graphics card and write down their bus id's.
Make a copy of your xorg.conf as xorg.conf.orig maybe and open it: sudo vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf
Read this BEFORE proceeding to make sure you can customize it as much as you want.
Now make two Device sections and list the BusID of the card to be shared and also list the driver like this:

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "nvidia0"
    # Your preferred driver
    Driver      "nvidia"
    # Edit the BusID with the location of your graphics card
    BusID       "PCI:2:0:0"
    Screen      0
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "nvidia1"
    # Your preferred driver
    Driver      "nvidia"
    # Edit the BusID with the location of your graphics card
    BusId       "PCI:2:0:0"
    Screen      1
EndSection

Now create two Screen sections (with the parameters of your choice of course, the only thing that needs to match is the Device in this section to the Identifier in previous one) as:

Section "Screen"
    Identifier  "Screen0"
    Device      "nvidia0"
    Monitor     "Monitor0"
    DefaultDepth 24
    Subsection "Display"
        Depth       24
        Modes       "1600x1200" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
    EndSubsection
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier  "Screen1"
    Device      "nvidia1"
    Monitor     "Monitor1"
    DefaultDepth 24
    Subsection "Display"
        Depth       24
        Modes       "1600x1200" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
    EndSubsection
EndSection

Now make a Monitor section for each monitor as:

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier "monitor name here"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier "monitor name here"
    # Rotate as you want (your question says one is rotated)
    Rotate "left"
EndSection

Finally, update the ServerLayout section to use and position both Screen sections:

Section "ServerLayout"
    ...
    Screen         0 "Screen0"
    Screen         1 "Screen1" leftOf "Screen0"
    ...
EndSection

Restart X and cross your fingers! If it does work then go on fine tuning it as much as you like.

NOW FOR THE SUBPIXEL RENDERING ORDER
Do this change in font.conf either in ~/font.conf or /etc/X11/font.conf`.

          bgr


How to install Ubuntu Budgie over Ubuntu 18.04

Budgie Desktop environment is located in standard Ubuntu universe repository since Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. So you do not need any third-party repositories or PPAs to install it.

You can install the Budgie desktop as task with

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-budgie-desktop^

In the last command note ^ in the end, it means installing of task with all necessary dependencies.

Then logout and select Budgie session on login screen

and login to it.

If this does not help - reinstall the following packages manually:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall budgie-core budgie-desktop \
budgie-desktop-common budgie-desktop-environment \
budgie-dropby-applet budgie-hotcorners-applet budgie-indicator-applet \
budgie-keyboard-autoswitch-applet budgie-lightdm-theme \
budgie-lightdm-theme-base budgie-previews-applet budgie-quicknote-applet \
budgie-rotation-lock-applet budgie-showtime-applet budgie-wallpapers \
budgie-wallpapers-bionic gir1.2-budgie-1.0 libbudgie-plugin0 libbudgietheme0 \
libraven0 plymouth-theme-ubuntu-budgie-text plymouth-theme-ubuntu-budgie-logo \
ubuntu-budgie-desktop ubuntu-budgie-themes

Then configure LightDM as login screen with:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm # select lightdm

reboot and login to Budgie session.


'/usr/' versus '/usr/local/' for source installation

Usually /usr/local/bin appears first in your PATH, so if you have a command called qwerty in both those locations and run qwerty in a terminal, you will be executing the one in /usr/local/bin.

Personally I put all manually installed software in /usr/local so it does not clash with anything managed by apt/dpkg.


How do I remove non-functional links from the Dash?

Remove the files ~/.local/share/applications/Minecraft.desktop and /usr/share/applications/Minecraft.desktop if they exist.


How to install the most recent numpy, scipy and scikit on ubuntu?

You need a custom Python environment? Build a custom Python environment. It's easy.

sudo apt-get install python-virtualenv

# cd to wherever you want to keep your distribution

# create it
virtualenv --no-site-packages virtualenv

# activate it
source ./virtualenv/bin/activate

pip install numpy scipy scikit-learn

You'd install all your other requirements in there too. You also have to make sure your scripts use the virtualenv too. If you're calling them globally, that can just mean making sure they're called with this /path/to/virtualenv/bin/python instead of your system version.

Or if they're called from a Bash script, you can call the activation script and your path will be updated automatically.

There is a strong argument against using pip in your global site-packages. Apt won't respect it. It won't respect Apt. They will trample over each other and can cause serious issues, especially if you accidentally upgrade a system package that isn't backwards compatible.

It seems easy to begin with but it's not a long-term solution.


The wait builtin of shell is designed to solve exactly this purpose, to wait for some process (or processes) to finish and collect it's exit status.

You can:

Run script_A in an infinite loop or exit if it spawns and finishes executing 10 instances of script_B
With script_A, use a looping construct, within the loop, send the script_B to background, get its PID using $!
Wait for the process to finish by wait PID
Do this 10 times
Exit from script_A, or continue with something else

So you can make script_A as:

#!/bin/bash
for ((i=1; i<=10; i++)); do
    echo "Run $i :: script_B"
    /path/to/script_B &
    pid=$!
    wait "$pid"
done

If you want to continue doing something else, append them after the for construct.

Just for the sake of completeness, if you want to continue/break out based on the exit status of the last scrip_B, add a short check for the exit status too:

#!/bin/bash
for ((i=1; i<=10; i++)); do
    echo "Run $i :: script_B"
    /path/to/script_B &
    pid=$!
    wait "$pid" && continue
    break
done


Pointer position way off in Java Application menu's when using gnome-shell

This bug was fixed in the EAP release of PHPstorm following this post, as far as I am aware a global fix was implemented with the upgraded java version.


apt-get install openssh-server doesn't work due to unmet dependencies

got it !!, I downloaded the libck-connector0 from Ubuntu package repository , installed it using sudo dpkg -i libck-connector0_0.4.5-2ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb and then tried it again. It worked this time.

and check this link How do I resolve unmet dependencies after adding a PPA?, this guy covered all possible scenarios for such errors.


Ubuntu Xenial 16.04: Getting rid of "modern"-styled applications

GTK+ 3 has gone to massive change in its human interaction guidelines in order to allow for mobile appliances and desktops using similar interfaces. This brought you an interface like below. You can use MATE's application suite(mate-desktop-environment) instead of the GNOME's if you want older style. MATE supports GTK+3 along with GTK+ 2 with traditional window system human interaction style.


Ubuntu 20.10. Cannot change the CPU scaling governor. It always goes back to "ondemand" after reboot

Finally, I solved editing the file /etc/init.d/cpufrequtils
And setting the variable GOVERNOR="conservative"
Note: Maybe you need to install cpufrequtils first


Ubuntu 16.04 stuck at plymouth when shutting down

The problem occurred when the PCI device controlled by the mei_me module was with Runtime Power Management activated.

I got it fixed by adding mei_me module to the RUNTIME_PM_DRIVER_BLACKLIST configuration of TLP.


How to connect Libreoffice Base with mysql on Ubuntu 20.04?

I found this and it helped me dig a little deeper to find the answer. What you need to do is:

Install the MySQL or MariaDB jar file, for ubuntu do:
sudo apt install libmariadb-java

Open Tools >Options >LibreOffice >Advanced

Click the Class Path Button

Click Add Archive

Find your jar file, mine was in /usr/share/java
Then when you come to the screen in Base that has the test class button, it should validate for you.


You have to change default plymouth theme manually. You can do this by typing sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth in terminal and choose the number, where the /lib/plymouth/themes/ubuntu-logo/ubuntu-logo.plymouth is(this is the default ubuntu plymouth theme). Now type sudo update-initramfs -u in terminal and you have the default plymouth theme back.


Close the terminal app, and open a new one. The variable will be reset to its original state then.

If you're on a virtual terminal, and not running gnome-terminal or similar under X11, then you can log out and log back in again, to reset the variables. You can type exit to log out, or press Ctrl+D.


I had same problem with both Ubuntu 18.10 and 19.04.  I have a dell Vostro 3670 (see https://linux-hardware.org/?probe=0f87997cd1).  This solution did not work for me. After reboot the screen stays blanc.  I found a solution to restore the Ubuntu desktop at least.  From  #17 on proprietary drivers not showing up - Page 2

  I found several proposed solutions for this issue to install the
  Nvidia drivers. None of them work for me. I found 2 methods that
  enable you to recover the Desktop environment when this happens:

  First by Fossfreedom at -
  https://discourse.ubuntubudgie.org/t/nvidia-390-black-screen/97/14

  You have to do a safe boot and go to root, then:

sudo apt-get remove nvidia-*
sudo apt install nvidia-prime
sudo prime-select intel

  Then reboot.

  Second form sgian entry #3 at
  https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2399985

  Also do a safe boot and go to root. Then:

sudo apt purge nvidia*
sudo apt install --reinstall xorg xserver-xorg-core

  Then reboot.


Headphones not working on Alienware15(2015)

Are you set the headphones to be on?

Open sound settings. (click that speaker icon on the top, and click "Sound Settings"
Click "Output"
Select your headphones.

If the headphones it's not in the list, make sure you've proper drivers installed.


Black screen appears when I select Ubuntu at the boot screen

Reinstall, completing the installation. You will spend less time reinstalling Ubuntu and completing the installation, rather than troubleshoot what is going wrong with your botched install.


To install the Panel OSD extension (as suggested in the external link you've mentioned) properly first install the chrome-gnome-shell by running

sudo apt install chrome-gnome-shell

Then go https://extensions.gnome.org/ using Firefox or Google Chrome. The webpage should ask you to install a browser add-on/extension, install it.

Then go to the extension's webpage. You'll find a toggle button. Turn it on.

Once the installation is finished, you'll be able to change the preferences of the extension using (GNOME) Tweaks.


Bluetooth "works" but won't pair with headphones. rtl8723de HP laptop

The bluetooth is working on my system, this is an issue with the signal strength. There is a known issue with the lwfinger driver (Bluetooth Range Issue that will not be fixed. I am moving on with my life as this is apparently unsolvable.


Can't empty trash after external drive was unplugged

Run sudo nautilus .local/share/Trash/files then delete the contents.


How should I upload my .vcf contacts to Thunderbird?

This you should search in the Thunderbird documentation

https://wiki.mozilla.org/Thunderbird:Help_Documentation:Migrating_to_Mozilla_Thunderbird

.


using a earphone with mic for both headphone and microphone purpose

It should be a TRRS connector then (see wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phone_connector_(audio)#PDAs_and_mobile_phones)
In case your pc has two separate connectors for sound, one for headphone and another for microphone then you need a splitter (Y) cable like this: http://www.cablechick.com.au/cables/avencore-4-pole-trrs-to-35mm-stereo-mic-splitter-cable-female-to-2x-male.html

You can read some short overview of this topic here:
Understanding TRRS and Audio Jacks
http://www.cablechick.com.au/blog/understanding-trrs-and-audio-jacks


Problem with dual booting windows 10 and Ubuntu 16.04

Dual boot into 2 SSD...

If you're sure that Linux OS installation is successful in the Samsung EVO SSD (except for the grub-install) then go ahead with this:

First do not delete the live boot media (in your case the USB) yet...
Second check if you can boot into Windows independently.
Third switch off secure boot in UEFI and once again boot using your live USB and try installing grub using these steps: How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?)

Hope this helps... Make the answer better by editing and adding more tips.


How to copy file from downloads to filesystem/bin?

Here you go:

sudo cp Downloads/"sakis 3G" /bin/

PS: Are you sure the name has a space in it?


How can I install a Canon Pixma MG2140 printer/scanner?

I recommend to install the original Canon Drivers. I've got a Canon Pixma MP630 and it works without problems.

You should install the scanner and the printer driver. (Scroll down and click the Download button. If the links don't work, go to canon.com and search under Support for your driver.)

For the Canon driver I've had a little bit struggle and had to edit something. I don't know if this is necessary for your driver, too, but maybe this post could help you then.


Is it safe to remove files in .Sent/cur directory of dovecot?

The folder you're talking about is part of a Maildir mail folder.  Each file under the cur subdirectory represents a message in the folder.

Removing the files should work, but you'd probably have a better idea of what you're deleting if you delete the messages via an IMAP email client.

Taking Thunderbird as an example, you can click the button to the right of the list column headers and pick Size to show the size of each message in the folder.  This should make it pretty easy for the user to determine which messages are taking up most of the space.


Append vs Insert

Before I answer the question, let's look at the structure of the command:

iptables -A INPUT 'the rule'

That means iptables -Append at the end of the INPUT chain the following rule. The other common way to add a rule to iptables is by the insert option:

iptables -I INPUT 'the rule'

That means iptables -Iinsert at the beginning of the INPUT chain the following rule. Or when we want to insert the rule at certain place, for example before some existing rule that is number 3 in the chain:

iptables -I INPUT 3 'the rule'

The Numbers of the Rules

The numbers of the rules plays significant role within iptables (ipchain). As illustration - let's say we have the following structure of rules:

1. Deny all UDP
2. Allow UDP on port 456

The UDP shouldn't be allowed on port 456, because it is already denied for all ports, so the structure must be:

1. Allow UDP on port 456
2. Deny all (rest) UDP

If you want to read the structure of the chain INPUT use:

sudo iptables -S INPUT

If you need to get the numbers of the rules, then you can use the command:

sudo iptables -L INPUT -n --line-numbers # you can omit '-n'

The Answer

In order to delete some rule from a known chain, you can use the command:

iptables -D CHAIN_NAME 'the rule'

That means iptables -Delete from CHAIN_NAME the following rule. Or in your case the command should be:

sudo iptables -D INPUT -p tcp --dport 5000 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT

Also, you can delete the rule by its number within the chain, let's say it is number 3:

sudo iptables -D INPUT 3

As conclusion

I'm sharing the opinion that, the tool Uncomplicated firewall - ufw, that is front-end of iptables, - sometimes can make the things much more complicated as they actally are :)

Here is a good article, provided by DigitalOcean, that describes the same as this answer, but in more details: How To List and Delete Iptables Firewall Rules.


How to make grub2 boot another drive MBR?

review the following and see if it applies to you:

http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1479070.html

If not look here


Maping URL with location on /var/www/html/app inexistent

It seems that Location tag handle the unmapped URL requests. So it works with below code but with below code it doesn't allow the IP to access the page. I'm doing something wrong?
<Location "/index.php/admin/authentication/sa/login">
AllowOverride none
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
Allow from 10.10.10.10
</ Location>


I figured it out. Apparently, the source pointed to a directory that wasn't set up correctly in my LocalSettings.php. Simply fixing the directory name resolved this issue.


One would think by looking at the question that it is not possible; the file is there, but bash says it's not.  So, there can only be one other answer - the file requires some other program to run it, and that program isn't found.

Since this appears to be the output of a compiler, I am guessing that it was compiled as a 32-bit dynamically linked executable on a 64-bit system; this requires a helper program to run it, and the helper program is the one not being found.

You can find out more about this here


Can't use VM VirtualBox "VT-x is disabled in the BIOS for all CPU modes"

First you have to make sure that your cpu supports VT-x aka virtualization.

Go to intel's website and and type your cpu's name and find the specifications and see if VT-x is supported by your cpu.

If is supported enter your bios and search for a option named VT-x virtualization or intel virtualization or just virtualization and enable that and try again virtualbox.

If your cpu supports intel's VT-d known simply as KVM there is a high chance that you missing a huge privilege, for details please see HERE.


Ubuntu 16.04 - System settings - Printers and Software & Updates not working

had a similar issue yesterday (on a fresh install of ubuntu studio)
and found (by checking syslog) it was stuck trying to use ip6 to talk to the upstream mirror.
(like most people on dsl here in AU I only have ip4 connectivity to the outside world at home)

"these two icons do not do anything"

if you mean "software" and "software updater"

thats how it looked to me (clicked and nothing happened)
so thinking you might be seeing a similar problem.

If your connection only does ip4 and the upstream mirror only does ip6
you probably only need to choose a different mirror (one that talks ip4)
to get it working.

software updates are now working here (changed the mirror setting - so unless there was an outage thinking thats probably what fixed it)


If you use Ubuntu on 64-bit (I can't text exactly right now on a 32-bit system), then the directory from the question is:

/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/sys

Now, having this information, you can create symbolic links to those files if you really need them at that location (/usr/include/sys) using this on a terminal:

sudo ln -s /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/sys/types.h /usr/include/sys/types.h
sudo ln -s /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/sys/stat.h /usr/include/sys/stat.h

# ...etc


Open your terminal and type as

sudo apt-get install php5-sybase

If you want to know more check its manual


NFS kernel daemon: no support in current kernel

Did you check Ubuntu's official docummentation about Network File System (NFS)?

As the error tells you, your current GNU/Linux kernel (what is a kernel?) does not support NFS. You can solve it either by

Configuring and compiling your own Ubuntu kernel, or
Configuring and compiling your own upstream kernel (also known as vanilla kernel), or
Installing the package provided by Ubuntu to save you time and effort required for previous options:

sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server

Maybe you have a module for that but it is just not loaded, in such case:
modprobe nfs and try again.

Or follow the recommended procedure in the documentation and start the NFS service in the Ubuntu way (hoping that it'll modprobe it for you if needed, I'm not sure if it does):

sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server start

And of course, don't forget to configure your exports in /etc/exports. This is not your problem but since it's part of NFS configuration I explain it too.

Remember that spaces matter, so

/home bob.example.com(rw)
/home bob.example.com (rw)

are different.

The first line works probably as expected, granting bob.example.com read/write permissions, while the second line grants bob.example.com default permissions (read only) and read/write permissions to everybody else. (Credit and further information: The /etc/exports Configuration File, Red Hat)


It means that your disk is faulty. Grab one of the LiveCDs with S.M.A.R.T. tools included and do a extended / full S.M.A.R.T. scan (warning: this can take hours!) - you could also use a standard Ubuntu LiveCD and use the "Disks" utility for that and/or install the necessary S.M.A.R.T. components on the live system.

Check for errors. You're likely to have some. If you do, and if you still have warranty on the drive, then return it to the manufacturer for replacement.

P.S.: Or the reason is that you're trying to wipe the drive with the system that is installed on it. That won't work. Use a live system, boot from USB.


Backup uSD card into smallest img/zip file

If the file system is ext2, ext3, or ext4 then you might consider using zerofree to fill the unallocated blocks with zeros.

For example the command for an unmounted ext2/3/4 file system on partition /dev/sdf1 would be:

sudo zerofree /dev/sdf1


I had the same problem, and solved it by replacing my enclosure's power cord.

I had to get my hard drive put into another enclosure, when I plugged it into my laptop,
the touchpad went all funny. However upon changing the power cord (whole thing), the problem went away.


How do I switch to a process that's running to see the output?

I think that your problem should be described as "How to reconnect to lost session". This was discussed for example here, with answer:

  Try to set ClientAliveInterval (e.g. 60) and TCPKeepAlive (yes or no) to appropriate values on the serverside sshd.conf .

  This should keep your session alive even if the connection gets lost for minutes.


why is Ubuntu 12.10/12.04.1 adding unsupported updates by default?

This is by design.

From the 12.04 Release Notes

  Backports are now more easily accessible -- to enable users to more easily receive new versions of software, the Ubuntu Backports repository is now enabled by default. Packages from backports will not be installed by default — they must explicitly be selected in package management software. However, once installed, packages from backports will automatically be upgraded to newer versions.

PS: I very much doubt there is anything related to wireless (or any kind of drivers) in the backports.

PPS: Not sure what's going to happen in Raring.


Since Macbook pro has 4 GB of memory,it would be best to go with the 64bit version.

Of course you can dual boot both operating systems.You can take a look at this OMG Ubuntu! article.

Ubuntu is a very straight-forward linux distro even for a rookie and you may see similar characteristics with Mac OSX.Alternatively,you can try Pingy OS which is based on Ubuntu and aims to be more user friendly.