How can I find out which command/action is executed on a shortcut combination?

Okay, after alot of back-and-forth in the comments, I believe I  found the proper way to find the settings:
It is described in https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Keybindings
To find all (system) key bindings:
lets just add all three mentioned commands:
gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings ; gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys ; gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power
To find a special key you would pipe the output of each command through grep -i <what you're looking for> (the -i flag is to ignore case of letters) - so if you look for print it would look like this:
gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings | grep -i print ; gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys | grep -i print ; gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power | grep -i print
with some bash-magic this clearly could look nicer - but it works ;)
Regarding custom Shortcuts

Custom Shortcuts
Custom shortcuts are stored in dconf using a "relocatable schema". The
schema name is
"org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys.custom-keybinding". Each
custom key binding has three properties: name, command, and binding.
Because of the relocatable schema, it is harder to use "gsettings"
with custom shortcuts. Here is an example of getting the name of the
first custom keybinding:
gsettings get org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys.custom-keybinding:/org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/media-keys/custom-keybindings/custom0/ name

Please note, that the last part custom0/refers to the first custom set key binding.
With following command gsettings list-recursively  org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys.custom-keybinding:/org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/media-keys/custom-keybindings/custom0/ you'll get something like:

org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys.custom-keybinding command
'libreoffice'
org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys.custom-keybinding name
'libreoffice'
org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys.custom-keybinding binding
'l'

To find the correct entry you might have to increase the number in custom0.
To change e.g. the command use:
gsettings get org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys.custom-keybinding:/org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/media-keys/custom-keybindings/custom0/ command '<your command>'
This will also work for name or binding.
To "clear" a custom key binding you could use:
gsettings reset-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys.custom-keybinding:/org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/media-keys/custom-keybindings/custom0/- this would clear the entries inside, yet the entry will still exist in the Gnome-Settings as empty entry, but are 'deactivated', sort of.
How it works with gsettings - the second question:
Have a look here: https://developer.gnome.org/gio/stable/GSettings.html
Good Night and Good Luck! ;)


I spent the day yesterday fiddling around with F2FS. Yes, you can format any partition with mkfs.f2fs in f2fs-tools. But neither the graphical nor the non-graphical installers will recognize it. So all you can do is use it as a data partition.

Since (g)parted regards it as an unformatted partition, they will successfully reformat it.

I'm eagerly awaiting the ability to try putting / on an F2FS partition, even if /boot has to remain ext4. Much of my testing is done with SDHC cards in netbooks.


What is MASQUERADE in the context of iptables?

It is an algorithm dependant on the iptables implementation that allows one to route traffic without disrupting the original traffic.

I use the masquerade algorithm when I want to create a virtual wifi adapter and share my wifi.

Im NOT talking about sharing Ethernet connection through your wifi, Im talking about sharing the wifi connection through your wifi via masquerading it to a virtual adapter. This in effect lets you share your wifi connection through wifi.

.

.

Read this and scroll down to MASQUERADE: http://billauer.co.il/ipmasq-html.html

Read this for more in depth: http://oreilly.com/openbook/linag2/book/ch11.html

    All those questions about "Connectify for linux" can be solved by implementing the MASQUERADE algo.

For a direct example visit this page: http://pritambaral.com/2012/05/connectify-for-linux-wireless-hotspot/

I HAVE NOT READ THE LAST LINK!!!! But the following is an accurate excerpt/example.

sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlan0 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

I really dislike how search engines make the algorithm out to be some evil type of hack.. I use it merely so share my internet with my android phones.

FINAL EDIT: this link is the bestest http://gsp.com/cgi-bin/man.cgi?section=3&topic=libalias


Try Ubuntu 13.10 from usb not showing all drives

All the partitions in sda (first hard disk) are SFS (Windows 7 dynamic disks) and they are not supported by Ubuntu (they are encrypted by Windows).

You can convert then to notmal NTFS partitions if you want to use them both in Ubuntu and Windows. Check this question for more information.


Install AMD Vega 7 Mobile (448 Shader / 1600MHz) driver

You need a newer kernel for AMD Renoir.
Try the 5.8 (or latest) mainline kernel.
How do I install an upstream kernel?
"The build directories are nicely organized into per architecture groups. For example, if one is using a 64-bit/amd64 architecture and wants the generic kernel version you would want those files marked A, from the appropriate group. "
E.g.
Download four 5.8 generic files: incl 2 headers and modules into dir.
CD into dir and:
 sudo dpkg -i *.deb
 reboot

See mutatis mutandis


How to start bash process, disconnect terminal, then be able to reclaim process

You can't.  There are ways to leave a program running in the background after you go, but to be able to reconnect later and interact with it, you need screen or a similar program.


What's going wrong with QT Creator and preventing me from launching it?

I've found in Nokia developers forums that it is an issue with the Qt version shipped in Ubuntu. More precisely with the style plugin. Anyway, it seems there is a workaround. You should execute the installer with -style cleanlooks parameter.

  ./Qt_SDK_Lin64_offline_v1_1_4_en.run -style cleanlooks


Which Antivirus program is best for Ubuntu?

All virus scanners are crap and not worth your time. There is no "best"; only "the least worse": All of them are using Windows based rules to scan for problems on Linux files. That never works. And never will work. If you want to scan files before passing them to Windows: pick any. You don't need real time protection for those since you are scanning files before executing them on Windows.

Common sense is more important on Linux (to protect from any harm not just virusses):

don't use off line mail.
download from trusted sources and only install software where you trust the source.
have a good admin password (and do not store it).
make sure users that are on your system are trusted or use a guest account.
don't run code you are offered unless you understand what it does.
make backups of important files.

Abide those rules and your system is sufficiently protected without the need to impede the performance of your system. Don't believe the Windows way is the only, nor that it is the correct way of maintaining a computer that is used to go on-line.

If you want to detect problems with your Linux system you could install rootkit detectors made for Linux. You will need these two (1 permanently running and the 2nd to confirm the results the 1st shows (if 2 detect the same problem it is worth investigating)):

Chkrootkit is a classic rootkit scanner. It checks your server for suspicious rootkit processes and checks for a list of known rootkit files.

sudo apt install chkrootkit

Lynis (formerly rkhunter) is a security auditing tool for Linux and BSD based systems. It performs a detailed auditing of many security aspects and configurations of your system. Download the latest Lynis sources from https://cisofy.com/download/lynis/:

cd /tmp
wget https://cisofy.com/files/lynis-2.6.1.tar.gz
tar xvfz lynis-2.6.1.tar.gz
mv lynis /usr/local/
ln -s /usr/local/lynis/lynis /usr/local/bin/lynis

But these are overkill if you run a desktop. Keeping your system upgraded and using Ubuntu active versions, having a good admin password and not install software from unknown sources is more than enough. We have yet to see all of our desktops compromised in a way Microsoft allows to happen.


How to restore data on the partition installed Ubuntu 15.04

To recover data or restore a partition. you will want to use testdisk. This may not work it may work but give it a go.

I am assuming the data DATA partition is still NTFS.

Boot in to a live DVD/USB you will need another storage device to put your data on.

When you are booted into the live install. Open up a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt +T and type in

sudo apt-get install testdisk

make sure the partition is unmounted

Then type in terminal

sudo testdisk


Updating 14.04 kernel alongside NVIDIA binary driver

When the system is set up properly and you follow exactly the instructions :

Ubuntu 14.04.3 Trusty Tahr Release Notes LTS Hardware Enablement Stack

... there should nothing go wrong with the proprietary NVIDIA drivers 352.
After the upgrade you shouldn't notice any different graphics experience.
You don't have to uninstall or reinstall any graphics drivers software at all.

To opt into the Trusty hardware enablement stack - open a terminal and execute this command :

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-vivid xserver-xorg-core-lts-vivid xserver-xorg-lts-vivid xserver-xorg-video-all-lts-vivid xserver-xorg-input-all-lts-vivid libwayland-egl1-mesa-lts-vivid

If you have Ubuntu (as 64 bit edition) installed in UEFI mode, additionally execute this command :

sudo apt-get install linux-signed-generic-lts-vivid

After rebooting the system you are using kernel 3.19 with the NVIDIA drivers remain unchanged.


Well, no matter what system you're on, you'll need some audio driver, but as long as you're on a linux system, you can use aplay or mpg123:

See this post on AskUbuntu.


After Installing 14.04 wifi makes connection, but doesn't allow internet access

The only thing odd that I could see in the output is that your wireless NIC speed is 1 Mb/s (line 143). You need to determine if this is an issue with your AP or your wireless NIC.

To check if it's with your AP, do other devices on your network get fast speeds?  Also, try booting into a Live CD and running a speed test from there. If both of these work without issues, then you've ruled out the AP, and your hardware. So it's probably a setting within your current install.

If you include the output from iw info it will show the speeds supported by your wireless NIC (perhaps it has been set to the 1 Mb/s somehow and isn't coming off that speed). Try those and let us know.


Print using only black on Canon MP280 and 12.04

To permanently change printing mode to "black only" do this:

On an internet browser go this webserver:

localhost:631

Then go to Printers (top right of the screen).
On "queue name" click on the printer.
Go to 'Administration' and select 'Modify Printer'.
Choose the first 'usb' option and click continue.
Next screen continue again.
On the next screen select this printer in Model:

Canon PIXMA MP280 - CUPS+Gutenprint v5.2.9

And then for last click on 'Modify Printer'.

Exit the browser and change your printer settings.

On Lubuntu 13.04
Start Menu -> System tools -> Printers
Choose properties on the MP280.

In the Printer Options screen.
Choose:
Color Mode: Greyscale
Ink type: Black
Ink set: Black

Click Apply and then OK.

Finally DONE!


Install pavucontrol from terminal:

sudo apt-get install pavucontrol
Go to the Firefox and play a video with sound.
Run pavucontrol and from playback tab you can see Firefox on the list and change the output device for that.


To update / upgrade the system to latest versions available in the repositories (and PPAs) run
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade

The first command updates the local package database
The second downloads and installs packages for kernels and tools and applications installed from the repo's.


I see from your sudo fdisk -l output that you have 12 partitions (several of which are labeled Linux swap / Solaris, where you should only have one AFAIK), and your Linux partition (sda11) is only 4.3GB big, and using 3.4GB of that space. I don't think you allocated enough space for Ubuntu during setup, unless that's incorrect and something else is wrong.

You may want to consider getting rid of some of your other partitions, particularly your extra swap partitions, to make room so you can resize your Linux partition. This can be done by using a program like GParted (be sure to back up any data first; see Resize partition without affecting other OSes in dual-boot for details). That, or get a larger/additional hard drive.


How to list what installed and rollback apt-get BY DATE AND TIME?

Assuming neither xrdp nor ubuntu-desktop was actually installed before, you can remove them and all the packages that were automatically installed to satisfy their dependencies:

sudo apt-get purge xrdp ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get --purge autoremove

Or in one step:

sudo apt-get --purge autoremove xrdp ubuntu-desktop

Here's an example of what that looks like.

This does not select by date and time, but I suspect that's not really necessary (or helpful) toward solving this particular problem. The packages you don't want were installed because they were needed for  xrdp and ubuntu-desktop. (Probably mostly for ubuntu-desktop, which is a metapackage whose purpose is to cause lots of stuff to be installed.)

So removing them and autoremoving their automatically installed dependencies is probably the most correct and elegant solution.

(Just running sudo apt-get purge on the two manually installed packages would not automatically cause the dependencies to be removed. The only difference between the remove and purge actions is that purge deletes systemwide configuration files of the packages it removes.)


Is there a clipboard manager with Paste All functionality?

The latest Parcellite has this capability.

http://parcellite.sourceforge.net (instructions for whitlisting parcellite on Unity)
https://sourceforge.net/projects/parcellite/files/parcellite/parcellite-1.1.1

If you want the appindicator version for unity,
https://launchpad.net/~rickyrockrat/+archive/ppa


Boot the disk from under VirtualBox. You'll need to do this from another installation (or perhaps Live -- otherwise the disk won't be available for VirtualBox to control) and you just add the disk (you can add real disks) as the primary drive.

Anyway, once you're in, VirtualBox will let you take a screenshot.

Otherwise you could use a video-out (s-video or composite, whatever, if anything, your computer supports) and another computer with a video capture card. You can use VGA if you have a VGA capture card but most people don't. Then just capture all the video output from the first computer on the second. Bit of a task if you ask me but it's worth it for serious video recording.


syncing a GNOME-keyring across devices w/Ubuntu One

OK. Your keyring(s) are stored in $HOME/.gnome2/keyrings.

So, the obvious way to sync your keyrings across machines is... just mark that folder as a synced folder with U1. No APIs required!

That will, of course, sync all your keyrings, though, which I believe you don't want to do. So, the next step is this:

create your keyring, which will be in its own file, ~/.gnome2/keyrings/yourkeyring.keyring
Create a folder somewhere for your app -- ~/.local/share/yourapp/keyrings perhaps
move ~/.gnome2/keyrings/yourkeyring.keyring to ~/.local/share/yourapp/keyrings
place a symlink in ~/.gnome2/keyrings/ pointing to ~/.local/share/yourapp/keyrings/yourkeyring.keyring
Mark ~/.local/share/yourapp/keyrings as a synced folder with Ubuntu One.

That should do what you want! As noted by RAOF, the keyring file is encrypted, so syncing it to U1 is no security risk. No APIs needed.

If you want to do this programmatically -- that is, your app has a "Sync my app's keyring" checkbox which turns this feature on and off -- then you will, of course, need to detect U1, and lead the user through signing up if they want to sync but don't yet have a U1 account. For this, use, from Python, ubuntuone.platform.tools.SyncDaemonTool which gives you full control over the Ubuntu One syncdaemon.


problem with downloading software packages through proxy server wifi

To set your proxy settings, click on the gear icon on the top-right corner of your screen. Click on "System Settings" and then on Network. You can see the "Network Proxy" button to your letf. Change the "method" to "Manual" and type the proxy-address and port-no for all the relevant fields(HTTP proxy, HTTPS proxy, FTP proxy and socks proxy).

If you need to authenticate your login, i.e. you need to add a user-name and password, you need to edit the etc/apt/apt.conf file as given in the answer by user17823 here.

I have made a script to do this. You can download this from my blog.

This should set the proxy settings and now you should be able to use your internet to download packages.


How to delete all the lines that match specific condition

Here is my suggestion, unfortunately I don't have a time to write an explanation right now:

$ cat script.bash

#!/bin/bash

INPUT_FILE="${1}"
[[ -z "${2}" ]] && OUTPUT_FILE="output-file" || OUTPUT_FILE="${2}"

LINE_COUNTER=1

while read -a line; do

        C_VALUE="$(echo ${line[@]} | grep -Po 'C\d+' | sed 's/C//')"
        O_VALUE="$(echo ${line[@]} | grep -Po 'O\d+' | sed 's/O//')"
        H_VALUE="$(echo ${line[@]} | grep -Po 'H\d+' | sed 's/H//')"
        COH_SUM=$(( C_VALUE + O_VALUE + H_VALUE  ))
        printf '\nLINE=%s: C=%s, O=%s, H=%s, SUM=%s' "$LINE_COUNTER" "$C_VALUE" "$O_VALUE" "$H_VALUE" "$COH_SUM"

        if [[ "$COH_SUM" -ge "6" ]] || [[ "$C_VALUE" -gt "2" ]]; then
                LINES_TO_BE_REMOVED="${LINES_TO_BE_REMOVED};${LINE_COUNTER}d"
        fi

        ((LINE_COUNTER++))

done < "$INPUT_FILE"

printf '\n\nLines to be removed: %s\n\nResult:\n\n' "${LINES_TO_BE_REMOVED#';'}"

sed -e "${LINES_TO_BE_REMOVED#';'}" "$INPUT_FILE" | tee "$OUTPUT_FILE"

How to use it:

$ cat input-file
FORMUL   3  HOH   *207(H2 O)
FORMUL   2  SF4    FE4 S4
FORMUL   3  NIC    C5 H7 N O7
FORMUL   4  HOH   *321(H2 O)
FORMUL   3  HEM    2(C34 H32 FE N4 O4)

$ ./script.bash input-file output-file

LINE=1: C=, O=, H=2, SUM=2
LINE=2: C=, O=, H=, SUM=0
...
Lines to be removed: 3d;5d

Result:
FORMUL   3  HOH   *207(H2 O)
...

$ cat output-file
FORMUL   3  HOH   *207(H2 O)
FORMUL   2  SF4    FE4 S4
FORMUL   4  HOH   *321(H2 O)

Here is much simple script that just output the lines to be kept:

#!/bin/bash

while read -a line; do
        C_VALUE="$(echo "${line[@]}" | grep -Po 'C\d+')"
        if [[ ! "${C_VALUE#C}" -gt '2' ]]; then echo "${line[@]}"
        else
                O_VALUE="$(echo "${line[@]}" | grep -Po 'O\d+')"
                H_VALUE="$(echo "${line[@]}" | grep -Po 'H\d+')"
                C_VALUE="${C_VALUE#C}"; O_VALUE="${O_VALUE#O}"; H_VALUE="${H_VALUE#H}"
                if (( (( C_VALUE + O_VALUE + H_VALUE )) <= 6 )); then echo "${line[@]}"; fi
        fi
done < "${@}"

How to use it:

./script.bash input-file > output-file


If you delete the whole /var/lib/apt/lists hierarchic, you must create the partial directory under it:

sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/apt/lists/partial

Also, check that all the permissions are set:

sudo chmod -R 644 /var/lib/apt/lists
sudo chown -R root:root /var/lib/apt/lists

Then do apt-get update again.


Ubuntu One Preferences does not show usage, name, e-mail, current plan

That's very strange. The information (both the account info such as email and name, and the devices) is pulled over the network doing an oauth-signed REST request, using the same token the syncdaemon uses to connect.

Could you install gir1.0-soup-2.4
(or gir1.2-soup-2.4  if you're in Natty), python-beautifulsoup , python-gtksourceview2 , download watgui.py, run python ~/Downloads/watgui.py in a Terminal (assuming ~/Downloads is the folder to which you downloaded it), and see if you can see your account information and devices using that tool?

If you can successfully get your account information using watgui.py on the same computer and account where ubuntuone-preferences fails to do so, please file a bug or, if you'd rather, hop on to the #ubuntuone channel on freenode and look me up.

In any case, if you're sure your syncdaemon is connected on the computer that is not showing this information (and especially if watgui was able to get the account information), you should be OK; I'd appreciate it if you could install magicicada  just to be sure. It would be very interesting to figure out what's going on.


To use, in a site, the Ubuntu Google font just put the follow code (from Ubuntu.com source) in the site root html page, after the  and before the

<link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Ubuntu:400,300,300italic,400italic,700,700italic|Ubuntu+Mono' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' />

Then you can use Ubuntu fonts by changing in the css files the

font-family: Ubuntu

To download, add and use Ubuntu font to your system you can use TypeCatcher


My guess is that the upgrade messed the mbr (was it an upgrade from 1.9x grub to 2.0?)

You can try restoring grub it using a livecd:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RecoveringUbuntuAfterInstallingWindows

I didn't understand how you came up to conclusion that your hard drive partitions has been corrupted? can you try access the drives using the livecd?


Why should I install Ubuntu GNOME 14.04 instead of Ubuntu 14.04 with gnome-shell desktop installed?

It doesn't matter anyways since the gnome-shell specific packages are the ones that are getting only 3 years of support. The same can be said with any deskop you install, just because you install Ubuntu and install for example XFCE instead of Xubuntu doesn't magically means you will get 5 years of support for the XFCE specific packages.

This doesn't incluide of course Ubuntu core packages like the kernel for wich you will get Security Updates for 5 years in any desktop you use.


I am not technical and my system gets hacked - trying to fix/upgrade

Try to use statoverride-old file ,

sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/statoverride /var/lib/dpkg/statoverride.bad
sudo cp /var/lib/dpkg/statoverride-old /var/lib/dpkg/statoverride
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade


What does the permission string lrwxrwxrwx mean?

The leading l indicates that this file is a symlink, in contrast to - which indicates a regular file, d which indicates a directory, and other less common prefixes.

A symlink is type of file which only contains a link to another file. Reading a symlink reads the real file. Writing to a symlink writes to the real file. cding to a symlink that is to a directory results in behaviour almost identical to what would happen if you had cd'd into the real directory.

The permission bits are displayed as rwxrwxrwx. All symlinks show these bits, but they are "dummy permissions". The actual (or effective) permissions of a symlink are the permissions of the real file it links to. You can get the real permissions (and file type) by running stat on the symlink, for example:

$ stat -Lc '%a %A' /initrd.img
644 -rw-r--r--

stat read file metadata
-L dereference (follow) symlinks
-c select output according to specified string
%a octal permissions
%A "human readable" permissions


Getting compiz errors on Ubuntu. Can't load plugins. Unity doesn't start

X-Server for Windows
You need to install an X-Server for Windows before running any graphical apps like gedit or nautilus. I have had good luck using VcXsrv but there are others you can try.
A very good tutorial for setting up Ubuntu Unity under Windows 10 WSL is in ZDNET:

How to run the native Ubuntu desktop on Windows 10.

If you simply google VcXsrv WSL you will get many hits:

github QMonkey wsl-tutorial
solarianprogrammer windows susbsystem for linux xfce-4
reddit bashonubuntuonwindows how to run gnome terminal on wsl

Note: I changed your tag 14.04 to wsl because this is about Windows Subsystem for Linux which defaults to using 16.04 from the Windows Store. You can probably install any supported Ubuntu-desktop version though, even Xubuntu-desktop 16.04 as I did.
Running compiz within WSL
On my setup after setting up Unity in WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux) I can test it with:
$ compiz
compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: core
compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: core
compiz (core) - Info: Loading plugin: ccp
compiz (core) - Info: Starting plugin: ccp
compizconfig - Info: Backend     : ini
compizconfig - Info: Integration : true
compizconfig - Info: Profile     : default


How do I get an Acer Nplify 802.11b/g/n wireless card working?

This should work "out-of-the-box." Have you checked the BIOS settings, as suggested here:

http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1521316.html


don't allow a new window to have a size larger than 90% of the screen size

autofit-larger=90%x90%

taken from https://github.com/mpv-player/mpv/blob/master/etc/mpv.conf


The X server requires exactly two fonts, fixed and cursor, both of which are builtin to all recent versions of the libXfont library it uses.

Many older X applications however, may have specified those fonts - generally they'll fallback to using a default like fixed, but that may be missing some characters, and will probably be at a different size, thus leading to a different (sometimes broken) layout of menus, buttons, and other widgets spaced for the expected font/size.


How to run Unity 8 on Ubuntu inside of VirtualBox?

You can't run neither mir nor wayland on virtualbox. Maybe in the future... See also the links: https://www.reddit.com/r/Ubuntu/comments/3v2tof/unity_8_in_virtualbox/, https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mir/+bug/1366805, https://bugs.launchpad.net/mir/+bug/1118903.

EDIT(2017-13-01): You can run wayland inside virtualbox now. I have successfully launched a plasma wayland session on KDE Neon Developer Edition Git Unstable with virtualbox 5.1.12. I'm not sure about Mir. I will have to test some ubuntu 17.04 Alpha release to find out.


Try editing the boot command. Add "nomodeset" (without quotes) (next to "splash")

To do this, open a console terminal (Ctrl Alt F1 as mentioned before).

sudo nano /etc/default/grub
Navigate to the line that says
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT (roughly Line 11)
Add nomodeset, next to splash. The line should now read:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset"
Press Ctrl+O, enter to save the file.
Press Ctrl+X to exit
sudo update-grub to make the changes go into effect.
sudo reboot now to reboot the machine safely.


Sounds to me like you have a failing hard drive. I would boot up a rescue CD if you have one, or some sort of live cd and see if you can run some tests on the disk.


How to deny drive access to other users in Ubuntu 14.04

I guess this manual page may help you:  https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissions

If some more sophisticated scenarios are required at some stage - ACL's may also be useful:  https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissionsACLs

Long story short - proper file permissions will help you.


The general command for listing directory contents in Linux is ls

LS(1)                            User Commands                           LS(1)

NAME
       ls - list directory contents

SYNOPSIS
       ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...

DESCRIPTION
       List  information  about  the FILEs (the current directory by default).
       Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort  is  speci‐
       fied.

Probably the nearest equivalent to dir /w will be ls -C (the /p option - pause - doesn't really make sense when writing to a file). So

ls -C > file.txt

In fact, there's a dir command in Linux as well - so you could just do dir > file.txt

See Difference between 'dir' and 'ls' terminal commands?


Use the mv command:

mv "path of file" "path of folder"


Is there any good software to correct scanner defects?

Give Vuescan a try. It's a nice multi platform scan software, that works with a lot of different devices.


You just have to grab the iso file on a disk and boot on it !
After choosing "try ubuntu without install", you will be able to access your Windows datas and backup on an exteranl drive.

Grub will be installed by default, but while you have just 1 OS il will not prompt you at boot time...


App to get audio file information like what mkvinfo does for mkv files

You can see some of those information in exiftool

install it using

 sudo apt-get  install libimage-exiftool-perl

Example output for an audio file:

exiftool Videos/9UAasbnxGDPX.128.mp3

Output is

ExifTool Version Number         : 8.60
File Name                       : 9UAasbnxGDPX.128.mp3
Directory                       : Videos
File Size                       : 3.9 MB
File Modification Date/Time     : 2015:02:10 13:11:25+02:00
File Permissions                : rw-rw-r--
File Type                       : MP3
MIME Type                       : audio/mpeg
MPEG Audio Version              : 1
Audio Layer                     : 3
Audio Bitrate                   : 128 kbps
Sample Rate                     : 44100
Channel Mode                    : Joint Stereo
MS Stereo                       : On
Intensity Stereo                : Off
Copyright Flag                  : False
Original Media                  : True
Emphasis                        : None
Encoder                         : LAME3.99r
Lame VBR Quality                : 4
Lame Quality                    : 3
Lame Method                     : CBR
Lame Low Pass Filter            : 17 kHz
Lame Bitrate                    : 128 kbps
Lame Stereo Mode                : Joint Stereo
Duration                        : 0:04:15 (approx)

Another Solution

use mediainfo

sudo apt-get install mediainfo

same example as above

mediainfo Videos/9UAasbnxGDPX.128.mp3

output

General
Complete name                            : Videos/9UAasbnxGDPX.128.mp3
Format                                   : MPEG Audio
File size                                : 3.90 MiB
Duration                                 : 4mn 15s
Overall bit rate mode                    : Constant
Overall bit rate                         : 128 Kbps
Writing library                          : LAME3.99r

Audio
Format                                   : MPEG Audio
Format version                           : Version 1
Format profile                           : Layer 3
Mode                                     : Joint stereo
Mode extension                           : MS Stereo
Duration                                 : 4mn 16s
Bit rate mode                            : Constant
Bit rate                                 : 128 Kbps
Channel(s)                               : 2 channels
Sampling rate                            : 44.1 KHz
Compression mode                         : Lossy
Stream size                              : 3.90 MiB (100%)
Writing library                          : LAME3.99r
Encoding settings                        : -m j -V 4 -q 3 -lowpass 17 -b 128


How to make the vsftpd not to start automatically?

Try the update-rc.d tool. This is from it's man page:

...
Example of disabling a service:
     update-rc.d -f foobar remove
...


Why not autohide Launcher by using left side behaviour instead of corner. It's far easier to control and does the same thing. Or just hold down the superuser button for Launcher to re-appear.

The recent update was the kernel which altered my grub2 menu (amongst other things), but I was easily able to restore that to how it was before as I had a copy.

If you're talking about rolling back the kernel, it's done by quite complicated and awkward commands. There's a whole discussion on it here.

There's another discussion on how to rollback upgrades generally with different suggestions, again laborious. As you can see Linux doesn't yet provide for a direct simple solution to rollback your system.

The easiest solution of all without doubt is to already have a backup of the Ubuntu system, preferably by an image. If anything goes awry with an upgrade you can restore to your previous situation in minutes. Clonezilla is your Ubuntu friend, or I use Macrium Reflect as it images my Windows system too.


Most charms are being written for the LTS releases which you can see at http://manage.jujucharms.com/charms/trusty, versus what's available for Utopic (http://manage.jujucharms.com/charms/utopic). But that doesn't mean you can't install Juju on Utopic and still deploy OpenStack Juno charms once available. They will just be deployed on Trusty machines.


Update an entry in the Messaging Menu without having to logout

A possible workaround is to kill the messaging service backend.
It gets respawned automatically.

kill $(pidof indicator-messages-service)

However, I don't use it myself, so I haven't verified if it actually reads the .desktop files again.


can windows virus affect Linux machine through wine?

If you're using PlayOnLinux with WINE, each program usually has its own virtual folder, meaning that only the program that the virus comes from will be affected. - With PlayOnLinux, you're pretty safe.

If you're using WINE without PlayOnLinux, a virus could affect all programs that are running inside WINE. - WINE without PlayOnLinux could be vulnerable, but only to other WINE programs.

In both cases, if the configuration for a WINE virtual drive allows access to your real system, then your files could be modified, but it's unlikely that your system will be affected, because the virus is designed for Windows. - With access to your real system, files could be affected but the system itself is unlikely to be affected.

If you want to be safest, use separate drives for each program (you can do this with PlayOnLinux) and disable access to your real system or home folder, through the WINE configuration program.

However, despite it being unlikely getting an infection through WINE, you should backup your system if you want to be able to roll back if something goes wrong.


How to Change the Apache document root To /

There is no reason to use / as documentroot, nor is there a reason to use user root as apache user, nor to use root for a group, nor to use any permissions higher than 755 (preferring 750) for dirs and 644 (preferring 640) for files.

Linux users need to take security serious (and the maintainers of apache put up a roadblock for us to be able to use / and a user root).

The basic setup of apache from Ubuntu is perfect as it is and does not require changing the user and group apache is setup with.

With that perfectly clear and since we are here to answer questions ...

Answer to the title. Use the directive:

DocumentRoot "/"

Do understand that part of the documentation for documentroot states:

  The DocumentRoot should be specified without a trailing slash.

so you are violating basic security with this. Not sure if it is enforced though.

Regarding ...

  403 forbidden error

This shows up because your website user does not match the owner, and group, of /. You can circumvent the error by running apache with a user root but you will run into a snag: it is not possible by just changing settings.

The file /etc/apache2/envvars can be used to change the user and setting it to root would be ...

export APACHE_RUN_USER=root
export APACHE_RUN_GROUP=root

But it is not possible to use this without recompiling apache as "root" is hard coded as "not allowed as a user". If you decide to go that route you are on your own.

The directive and a recompiled apache would allow you to use / as documentroot.


Can't create a folder inside my local server?

First off, I'd do what others have suggested and point your browser at your home folder for the project, but to answer your question....

It's not available because your user doesn't have write access to it, you could...

give your self access

sudo chown $USER:webuser /opt/lampp/htdocs/
sudo chmod 755 /opt/lampp/htdocs/

create the directory from the command line

sudo mkdir /opt/lampp/htdocs/your_project
sudo chown $USER:webuser /opt/lampp/htdocs/your_project
sudo chmod 755 /opt/lampp/htdocs/your_project

Note on the chown one, check the webuser, probably www-data, but I've seen it as apache


How come I don't see grub every time I boot?

Edit /etc/default/grub and edit lines to look like:
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=false
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10After you've done this run sudo update-grub and reboot. Now the grub menu should appear.


Disable Keyboard Shortcut key Super + num on lubuntu 19.04

Don't use the Super key as the sole modifier key. Use Alt+Super or Ctrl+Super. So, in your case, use something like Ctrl+Super+1, Ctrl+Super+2, etc to switch desktops.

The reason seems to be that in Lubuntu 19.04, the Super key is used by LXQt differently than in previous Lubuntu versions.

  ... but in 19.04+, you’ll run into conflicts with lxqt-globalkeys using
  the key to open the menu, so either disable that, reconfigure that, or
  use something other than the Windows key here.

Source: https://discourse.lubuntu.me/t/how-to-snap-windows/247/4

If you're interested in window snapping, see Lubuntu 19.10: How to tile windows? The window tiling section is missing in lxqt-rc.xml.


How do I use a quickly community template (e.g. ubuntu-application-qt)?

Got an answer through e-mail from David Planella on my bug submission;

For now, you will need to manually install the quickly-ubuntu-
application-qt-template package to be able to use the Qt templates.

In the near future, we'll look into having a metapackage that installs
all templates at once.

So installing the metapackage like I did currently does nothing, apparently. Instead, one have to know to install the individual packages for each template. But I tried it and it does indeed work.

However, these templates are not for PyQt4! They are for PySide. So I have to do some serious editing, but at least this links "quickly design" to Qt Designer. One step forward at least.


unity drag & drop files to another window

try with:

Start dragging the file
Press and hold Super (windows key) + Tab (do not release the mouse button)
Hold Super and press Tab as many time you need to choose your file window destination
Release Super when you have selected the correct window
Release mouse button to drop the file


How to debug a server that crashes once in a few days?

Install linux-crashdump,at the very least, you'll get the kernel logging buffers just before the crash and all the data necessary for a professional to comb through the problem to determine the root cause.


Should I install Firefox add-ons via the Software Center or the webbrowser?

I would prefer Firefox's inbuilt add-on manager as it contains all add-ons of Firefox and will get frequent updates.


According to Google's site, here are the steps to install gcloud on Debian based systems

You may need to install curl

sudo apt-get install curl

  Create an environment variable for the correct distribution

export CLOUD_SDK_REPO="cloud-sdk-$(lsb_release -c -s)"

  Add the Cloud SDK distribution URI as a package source

echo "deb http://packages.cloud.google.com/apt $CLOUD_SDK_REPO main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-cloud-sdk.list

  Import the Google Cloud public key

curl https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -

  Update and install the Cloud SDK

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install google-cloud-sdk

  Run gcloud init to get started

gcloud init


Printer driver cant install: /usr/bin/lpq: Error - unknown destination "/tmp"

I found a similar thread, where it's stated that the installer is searching in /usr/bin for both gzip and uncompress, but they reside in /bin, so a link has to be created:

ln -s /bin/gzip /usr/bin/gzip
ln -s /bin/uncompress /usr/bin/uncompress

That should fix the issue.


How can I get started with developing apps for Ubuntu Touch?

These links should get you started:

Reference: Welcome to Ubuntu apps development!
Sample App: Tutorials | Ubuntu Developer

How to run the app:
Once you get all of the SDK installed, you can connect your device via USB, QtCreator will be able to detect it, then press Ctrl+F12 to run it on the device.
Courtesy: mhall119


Evince loses all open files during restarts?

To see your recent files again after you have opened a file, click the hamburger menu and click "new window". Unfortunatelly, no hotkey is defined, nor can you define one yourself, to open that window. You still have relatively quick keyboard access with F10DownEnter. Unfortunatelly (again), it is not possible to open several files at once from that overview of recently opened files, so you will need to reopen that "new window" for each other file you want to open.


How do I solve screen tearing on Ubuntu 18.04 with NVIDIA?

Update 08/09/2019:
It seems that gord0 (OP) is right in his comment. You don't need to go through all of the steps that I had previously described (I'm not deleting them, just in case that someone find's them helpful) to get rid of tearing.
What you have to do to is:

Open NVIDIA X Server Settings.

Go to X Server Display Configuration.

Select the screen that you want.

Click the Advanced button.

Enable Force Composition Pipeline or Force Full Composition Pipeline (try both and enable the one that gives you the best results).

Click the Apply button.

Alternatively, you can enable Force Composition Pipeline or Force Full Composition Pipeline by running the following commands in your terminal:

For Force Composition Pipeline:
  nvidia-settings --assign CurrentMetaMode="$(xrandr | sed -nr '/(\S+) connected (primary )?([0-9]+x[0-9]+)(\+\S+).*/{ s//\1: \3 \4 { ForceCompositionPipeline = On }, /; H}; ${ g; s/\n//g; s/, $//; p }')"

For Force Full Composition Pipeline:
  nvidia-settings --assign CurrentMetaMode="$(xrandr | sed -nr '/(\S+) connected (primary )?([0-9]+x[0-9]+)(\+\S+).*/{ s//\1: \3 \4 { ForceFullCompositionPipeline = On }, /; H}; ${ g; s/\n//g; s/, $//; p }')"

These commands use xrandr and sed with some regular expressions to get the current monitor setup in the appropriate format and use it as input to the nvidia=settings --assign command, which enables the desired setting.
You should now have no screen tearing.
In case the changes are not persistent and get discarded after reboot, you can  do the following:

Run the appropriate, for your case, command from the commands above and make sure that it works correctly, that is you have no screen tearing in your monitors.

Add one of the following commands (depending on what worked best for you) to your startup applications:

For Force Composition Pipeline:
     bash -c "sleep 10 && nvidia-settings --assign CurrentMetaMode=\"$(xrandr | sed -nr '/(\S+) connected (primary )?([0-9]+x[0-9]+)(\+\S+).*/{ s//\1: \3 \4 { ForceCompositionPipeline = On }, /; H}; ${ g; s/\n//g; s/, $//; p }')\""

For Force Full Composition Pipeline:
     bash -c "sleep 10 && nvidia-settings --assign CurrentMetaMode=\"$(xrandr | sed -nr '/(\S+) connected (primary )?([0-9]+x[0-9]+)(\+\S+).*/{ s//\1: \3 \4 { ForceFullCompositionPipeline = On }, /; H}; ${ g; s/\n//g; s/, $//; p }')\""

The sleep 10 command just adds a 10-seconds delay to ensure that the desktop has fully loaded before running the nvidia=settings --assign command. You may need to add a larger delay if your desktop takes more time to fully load.
Alternatively, you can save the configuration by clicking Save to X Configuration File button.

Old answer. Try these if the above method doesn't work for you.
What is suggested in the answer you posted is correct for Ubuntu 16.04.
For Ubuntu 18.04 and later versions, you have to change options nvidia_387_drm modeset=1 to options nvidia-drm modeset=1 (the Nvidia driver version is no longer needed).
So what you have to do for Ubuntu 18.04 and later versions is:

Create a file in your /etc/modprobe.d directory called zz-nvidia-modeset.conf.

Add the following lines to it:
  #enable prime-sync
  options nvidia-drm modeset=1

From the terminal run:
  sudo update-initramfs -u

Reboot.

To enable the Nvidia adapter, after rebooting, you have to run
sudo prime-select nvidia

then log out and log back in.
Edit: If you are using Gnome, you will have to use another display manager, such as lightdm, since gdm does not allow external monitors to work with nomodeset=1.
To install lightdm run:
sudo apt install lightdm

After installing lightdm run
sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

and select it as your display manager in the terminal window that appears.


It MIGHT be possible to set up as you wish, you will need 3 partitions (/- ubuntu, /-fedora, /home,) plus swap space, usually an additional partition that also could be used for both distros.
  When doing the install of the 1st OS, select manually creating of partitions.
set up your / for this install and the /home partition and swap space. Record the device ID for both /home and swap (ex: /home=/dev/sda# and swap also= /dev/sda#).

when this install finishes, go to a boot and look system over to see if good install. Then, boot from next distro DVD and choose install, ALSO choose manually creating partitions for this install. Set up the / for this second distro and use the previously defined /home and swap partitions for this distro as well. This should allow /home and swap to be used for both distros.

Some other things to consider: use the same fstype for both distros. You may also want to be certain that both distros are using the same boot loader (GRUB?).
    Hope this helps, Craig


I had the same issue. It goes away after I turn off hardware acceleration
Steps to turn off

At url bar type chrome://settings/
Scroll down to System section (click Advanced to show this)
Turn off "Use hardware acceleration when available"


As @saiarcot895 said through his comment months ago, Qt 5 is included in the default repositories. I run sudo apt-get install qt5-default . The problem is fixed


Ubuntu 19.04 nvidia drivers not working at all, NVIDIA GeForce GTX-1050 Ti 4GB

I think its because you haven't actually switched to using your nvidia driver. Go to Software and Updates and then to the Additional Drivers tab and select your installed nvidia driver there instead of the open source one which is enabled by default. Then do

prime-select nvidia
reboot

Then when after reboot you should be able to run nvidia-smi correctly. Use prime-select to switch between intel and nvidia and then reboot.


I figured it out with massive help from @DKBose!

Here are the steps

1. make backup of config file

sudo cp /usr/share/plasma/plasmoids/org.kde.plasma.pager/contents/ui/main.qml /usr/share/plasma/plasmoids/org.kde.plasma.pager/contents/ui/main.qml_backup

2. edit config using favourite editor (I simply use kate)

kate /usr/share/plasma/plasmoids/org.kde.plasma.pager/contents/ui/main.qml

3. Change the width of each desktop symbol (I simply add / 2 at the end of the line to get half the original width):

property int columnWidth: Math.floor(rowHeight * pagerItemSizeRatio) / 2

4. Change the minimum width of the whole widget (again just adding / 2, this time after aspectRatio):

Layout.minimumWidth: !root.vertical ? Math.floor(height * aspectRatio / 2) : 1

And here is the result:

(5.) In case anything goes wrong just copy the backup file back into location:

sudo cp /usr/share/plasma/plasmoids/org.kde.plasma.pager/contents/ui/main.qml_backup /usr/share/plasma/plasmoids/org.kde.plasma.pager/contents/ui/main.qml


Have not tried this in a very long time, but you can use a program called alien for installing rpm packages in ubuntu


I experienced the same thing on my desktop computer with a Logitech mouse.  In my case, I think it was temperature related.  High CPU usage caused everything connected to the motherboard to heat up.  When I connected the receiver to the far end of a USB extension cord, the problem went away.


how to use circular scrolling using synaptics touchpad

Use this link it may work for you.
http://digiwanderlust.blogspot.in/2008/06/do-you-love-way-you-scroll-on-your-ipod.html

In my case "/etc/X11/xorg.conf" file wasn't there.
It's location is "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf"
Follow the same instruction given in the link.

Or simply

gedit /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf
In the section where you find

  Section "InputClass"
              Identifier "touchpad catchall"
              Driver "synaptics"

In the end of that section add

Option "CircularScrolling" "on"
Option "CircScrollTrigger" "3"
Option "VertTwoFingerScroll" "on"  //two finger scrolling ....
Option "HorizTwoFingerScroll" "on"  // similar
Option "PalmDetect" "on"

Save the file properly and restart .
Remember you need superuser privilages to make changes to file.

Hope it helps :)


Why all zip files should be marked as executable?

Zip files should not be executable. Something has gone wrong.

Right click on a zip file and click "Properties". You will see a "Open with" tab. Choose the "File Roller" archive manager, and press the "Set as default" button. Next time you double click a zip file, the archive manager will be opened.


There is no straight forward way, because:

In /etc/pam.conf and in the the PAM configuration files residing in the directory /etc/pam.d/, while declaring the relevant type/module use the below format:

<service> type module module_args

the module can be located anywhere on the system and it can be an absolute or relative path. If a relative path is used, then Ubuntu looks in /lib/security/ and /lib/ARCHITECTURE/security/ directories for the module, this is a OS dependent behavior though
Even if you guess (or manage to get) the possible locations, you could not be sure about the file name because there is no strict rule for module name, generally everyone tend to use pam_*.so to keep it easily understandable and sort of generic.

So, at most, you can look out for all the pam_*.so files in the system currently, you can add any other possible manual module file that might be added, although eventually this can not give you the absolute confirmation, this could be thought of as the closest approximation.

Now, to search for all files on block device backed filesystems in the system that starts with pam_ and ends in .so, do:

sudo updatedb && locate --regex '.*/pam_[^/]+\.so$'

On my system:

% locate --regex '.*/pam_[^/]+\.so$'
/lib/security/pam_ecryptfs.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_access.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_cap.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_debug.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_deny.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_echo.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_env.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_exec.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_faildelay.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_filter.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_ftp.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_gnome_keyring.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_group.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_issue.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_keyinit.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_lastlog.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_limits.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_listfile.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_localuser.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_loginuid.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_mail.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_mkhomedir.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_motd.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_namespace.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_nologin.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_permit.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_pwhistory.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_rhosts.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_rootok.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_securetty.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_selinux.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_sepermit.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_shells.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_stress.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_succeed_if.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_systemd.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_tally.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_tally2.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_time.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_timestamp.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_tty_audit.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_umask.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_unix.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_userdb.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_warn.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_wheel.so
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/security/pam_xauth.so


By what mechanism is update-manager supposed to be automatically started?

The mechanism is:

/etc/cron.daily/apt runs apt-get update daily.  The actual update is done at a randomized time to avoid the "thundering herd" problem
Long running process update-notifier uses GIO (presumably itself using inotify) to watch certain files touched by apt for changes when there are updated packages to install (it also monitors for other things, like new ubuntu releases)
When there are updates, update-notifier runs update-manager to inform the user (if that is what it is configured to do)

In my case I'm running Gnome Shell, and it appears that gnome-session runs update-notifier.  Presumably Unity arranges to run it by other means.


Ubuntu 15.04 installation process doesn't load the keyboard layout I gave

Could it be that you have bound something to super+space keyboard combination? This is as far as I know the default "switch layout" binding and may be the reason.

It's also possible that you got both layouts when installing which would be fixed by System settings -> Text entry

Just delete the US layout and you should be good to go.


After giving username and password wget says wget: unrecognized option '--ask-password'

--ask-password is a relatively old option. Introduced in 2012 with version 1.12.

However, the version of Wget you're using is even older, heck, its ancient. v1.8.2 of Wget was released in 2002! 16 years ago. You really need to update your version of Wget to something newer. There have been multiple vulnerabilities that have been fixed since then not to mention the various number of new features added.

I don't know much about Ubuntu, but I guess 16.04 is a LTS release which is currently supported. Which means its repositories should support something a lot newer. You should look into why your repositories are pointing only to such an old version of Wget


Make an image of the offending device with ddrescue - You will require enough storage space to hold the entire drive regardless of the amount of data you have (or had) stored on it in this case it appears you'll need 16GB to store a clone of /dev/sdb.

ddrescue is the program that will be doing the work and if it's not installed we need to install it with sudo apt-get install gddrescue (not a typo, the g is short for GNU)

Open a terminal with CtrlAltT and change to the directory that you will be storing the image file in and issue the command sudo ddrescue -d /dev/sdb sdb.img sdb.logfile

the -d directs direct access to the drive (ignoring caching)
/dev/sdb is the device we are using for input
sdb.img is the file we are using for output
sdb.logfile is keeping track of where we are and what our results are.

If for any reason the process is stopped before completion, the logfile allows picking up where we left off.

imaging will begin and you will see something like this:

Rescued indicates the amount of data successfully read, errsize indicates the size of unreadable data. As the process continues we hope to see the former increase and the latter approach zero. ddrescue uses a process called data carving as I recall in which failed blocks are halved and re-tried.

ddrescue is a very powerful tool and you can learn a great deal about it in the manual. Pay close attention to Chapter 3!! choosing the wrong file or device for output will definitely ruin your day.

After we have the resulting image we can run tests and recovery procedures on it without any further stress to the failing or failed device.

Eventually ddrescue will output "Finished" to the terminal screen. If the errsize is high and you feel like you might want to try to recover a little more you can re-run the command and apply switches to re-try failed blocks and even read in reverse (likely not helpful on a solid state device) by: sudo ddrescue -d --try-again --retrim --reverse /dev/sdb sdb.img sdb.logfile or any other combination of switches you think might be helpful in the aforementioned manual. Once you've finished attempting to recover all the data, it's time to see what we have.

Issue the command fdisk -l sdb.img or whatever you named your image. With any luck you'll get output similar to this indicating that the partition table is intact.

Disk sdb.img: 4013 MB, 4013948928 bytes
1 heads, 24 sectors/track, 326656 cylinders, total 7839744 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000174fe

  Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
sdb.img1   *        2048     7839743     3918848    b  W95 FAT32

Note the "Start" number This means the file system starts on sector 2048.

Armed with this information and some basic math skills or a calculator we can arrive at the offset that we need to try our processes on. 2048 sectors X 512 bytes per = 1048576

since we created this image due to failure we will first attempt to repair the filesystem

issue the command sudo losetup --offset 1048576 /dev/loop2 sdb.img to setup the image on a loop device.

then issue the command sudo fsck /dev/loop2

After we've repaired the system to the best of our ability we will create a mount point with sudo mkdir /mnt/loop and mount the previously setup loop device with sudo mount /dev/loop2 /mnt/loop

Now hopefully we have some data we can copy over to another drive. let's look:

ls /mnt/loop
autorun.inf  casper-rw  ldlinux.sys  pool                smart-fail.txt
boot         dists      md5sum.txt   preseed             syslinux
casper       install    pics         README.diskdefines  wubi.exe

It looks like I have some. Hopefully you do too! after finishing copying my files I unmount the loop device with sudo umount /dev/loop2

If this approach has been less than successful I can also try testdisk with the command `sudo testdisk sdb.img (or whatever you named your image file).
Press enter to select the image, then choose the partition type if a type is detected it will give you a hint on how to proceed. Note that this is usually Intel on flash drives.

You can choose Analyze to search for lost partitions or go directly to Advanced for the file system tools to select an already known or recovered partition. After selection of the partition you will be shown a file listing with instructions on how to select files for copying and etc. This part is fairly self-explanatory and is likely covered elsewhere so I'll stop here with the promise that if anything is unclear you can drop me a comment and I'll get back to you.


Why does Firefox need libavcodec-extra for displaying Netflix videos?

Netflix relies on DRM (Digital Rights Management) mechanisms to provide content legally. Most Studios insist on using such Technologies, while Linux is a completly opposite idea of how technology should work and be shared.

Since this discrepancy between FOSS communities and Industry interests, libs with such technologies are marked as "ugly", "extra" or "restricted" and not installed by default, since the majority of linux users despise such libraries and choose to not install them and would be pretty upset if the would install by default.

This is a result of the ever ongoing war between open knowledge and closed knowledge. Choose your side.

Hope this helps understanding.


Wired network not connecting automatically after xubuntu 14.10 upgrade

I found the issue. What I did to solve the problem: First I reverted the content of /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf and /etc/network/interfaces to the original content:

$ cat /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile
dns=dnsmasq

no-auto-default=<mac:address>,

[ifupdown]
managed=false

and

$ cat /etc/network/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

And the thing that actually solved the issue was to tick the checkbox from the wired connection properties titled All users may connect to this network (which is strange because I haven't modified any of the settings before or after the upgrade):

After this last step everything worked as before.

If not try:

sudo service network-manager restart


That should help you if you have a nvidia graphics-card:
Second screen detection


Can anybody please help me run Aika Online on ubuntu?

Well, I did all my research and it seems X-trap isn't gonna work on Linux. So there's nothing that can be done for now e.e


GNOMEish file managers need a place to put trashed files.

Deleted files on your "home" partition go to:  /home/username/.local/share/Trash
Deleted files on other partitions can't be copied there for performance and space reasons.

So it tries to put them in the /.Trash-$UID folder of the file's partition.  Without rw access to that folder, no trash.

Run this bash in the partition root as the user who needs a trash.

sudo mkdir .Trash-$UID && sudo chown $USER:$USER .Trash-$UID

You can delete this folder and disable write access to the / to disable that feature.


Where is $HOME being set and how can I change it?

It's in /etc/passwd but you shouldn't change that file manually.
With sudo usermod -m -d /PATH/TO/NEW/HOME username you can move the directory to the new location and it gets set in /etc/passwd


Unable to login into OpenStack Horizon using Icehouse

I don't have an answer for your current problem with devstack but invite you to try out our OpenStack Installer:

http://ubuntu-cloud-installer.readthedocs.org/en/latest/

Single install mode is useful for running a test OpenStack cloud on a laptop or single machine. Multi makes use of MAAS and Landscape Autopilot will set you up using a reference architecture for OpenStack along with providing Landscape with 10 bare metal and 10 virtual seats for free. This license is suitable for a private cloud and several compute nodes.


Cannot Scan from Gscan2PDF on 13.10 or OCR with Tesseract

Solved both problems by installing Gscan2PDF 1.2.0.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jeffreyratcliffe/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gscan2pdf

Source: http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2013/11/install-gscan2pdf-1-2-0-in-ubuntu-13-10-13-04-12-04-linux-mint/


I do not know lubuntu, but it is based on ubuntu, which is based on debian, so a debian solution should work.

In debian, the network configuration goes in the /etc/network/interface file.  A command can be executed after an interface has been brought up using the post-up parameter.  So editing the /etc/network/interface file as below should be ok:

iface eth0 inet dhcp
    post-up /sbin/ethtool -s $IFACE speed 10 duplex half autoneg off

It also seems that you can directly specify ethtool option in the /etc/network/interface file:

iface eth0 inet dhcp
    link-speed 10
    link-duplex half
    ethernet-autoneg off

Those solutions would be better than using the /etc/rc.local trick as they keep all network configuration in a single and standard place.


Should I enable the ATI Proprietary Driver?

Have the ATI Drivers improved any?

Yes, quite a bit. But not enough.

  Are they any better than the default
  open source driver?

They offer better performance, power management. But they also contain more errors and are less likely to be improved in short intervals of time.

  Are they worth enabling?

If you're unhappy with graphics performance, cetrainly. If you are quite happy with the current situation, you wouldn't gain anything from enabling them. But you would potentially expose yourself to a few new bugs and errors.

They have improved a lot. And there is not big disadvantage to enabling them. But if you are happy without them, save yourself some potential trouble.


Check DNS settings on the machine. In Ubuntu open /etc/resolv.conf and add the following lines-

nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

and see if it works. The addresses 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 are google's public DNS servers. If you have your company's DNS servers you can use that instead.


Yes you can use the Label plugin to do this.

Enable the plugin by opening Preferences, navigating to the Plugins page and ticking the Label plugin:

Create a label (or modify it options) by right-clicking on the Labels section in the sidebar:

Assign a label to a torrent by right-clicking on the selected torrent(s) and then select your label from the sub-menu:

The Label plugin is included with Deluge but there is also a more powerful third party plugin LabelPlus with the following features:

Sublabels
Less restrictive label names
Ability to rename labels
Relative move completed paths
Auto-labeling based on torrent name or tracker
Limit torrent speed by label

Download LabelPlus


Grub not showing during startup in dual boot of Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04

Warning: You're going to edit grub (the boot manager) Don't change anything else then the lines mentioned in this post without further research first!

Once you're in Ubuntu, just open a terminal Ctrl+Alt+T

Type into the terminal:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Change the following line where iNumberOfseconds is the number of seconds you want to see the grub menu:

GRUB_TIMEOUT="iNumberOfSeconds"

If you want to see the countdown, change the value "true" to "false"

GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET="false"

Then hit Ctrl+X to exit and then Y and Enter to save.

Next time you boot, no need to press Shift any more to boot to Ubuntu.


You can use Gparted to accomplish your task.

  This article shows how you can modify the partitioning of your Linux
  system with GParted (Gnome Partition Editor) without losing data. This
  includes resizing partitions (enlarging and shrinking), moving
  partitions on the hard drive, creating and deleting partitions, and
  even modifying filesystem types. GParted is a free partition editor
  available as a desktop program and also as a Live-CD. It supports the
  following filesystems: ext2, ext3, fat16, fat32, hfs, hfs+, jfs,
  linux-swap, reiserfs, reiser4, ufs, xfs, and even ntfs (Windows).
  Have alook at this

Source: howtoforge

If you don't have Gparted instaaled, you can install it Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

sudo apt-get install gparted

Or


How do I create an encrypted ubuntu startup disk?

You just have to install Ubuntu as you do on a Hard drive.

You should remove your current HDD(s) to do the following !

When the installer asks you the installation type, select "Erase disks" and check "Encrypt the new ubuntu installation" option.

Then proceed like any other Ubuntu installation !


Can't access already created mail account in Sylpheed

You uninstalled the application but did not delete your user profile folder.

Where this is found depends on your operating system, for example:

Linux ~/.sylpheed-2.0
Windows 2000/XP: C:\Documents and Settings(user name)\Application Data\Sylpheed
Windows Vista/Seven: C:\Users(user name)\AppData\Roaming\Sylpheed


Fingerprint sign-in option not available

Computer vendors rarely provide Linux drivers for fingerprint sensors. Some drivers are made using reverse engineering by enthusiasts.

So in many cases fingerprint sensors can't be used on Linux systems unless someone manages to create some driver for it.


Ubuntu 18.0.4 wifi does not work after power off / reboot

I would do cd ~/rtlwifi_new
make clean
cd
sudo apt install dkms
sudo dkms add ./rtlwifi_new
sudo dkms install rtlwifi-new/0.6

Reboot

You are likely seeing the Exec Format error because you are not doing a make clean and it is building for an older kernel


Drevo Calibur 71 TKL Bluetooth Key Confusion

As it turns out, the default for ubuntu sessions is numlock on. This adversely affects some cheaper tenkeyless (TKL) keyboards where their firmware wasn't implemented well.

To make the default numlock off so your keyboard works:

sudo apt-get install numlockx

...then go to Startup Applications Preferences and add a new entry:


You don't need to uninstall postfix. Simple tufn off service and disable it from sturtup.

First list all services

sudo service --status-all

if you see + before that mean that postfix is running. Turn off them with

sudo service postfix stop

To disable postfix and also prevent to start on next reboot disable it on fallowing way. If you use Ubuntu 15.04 with systemctl

sudo systemctl disable postfix

If you use older Ubuntu remove service from `/etc/init/

sudo rm /etc/init/postfix

or with command

sudo update-rc.d postfix disable


How do I allow a standard user to update the kernel modules for VMware?

Note: If you want VMWare Player to perform the update automatically, I don't think it's possible via sudoers; that's because VMWare uses its own graphical sudo front-end to check if the user has unrestricted sudo privileges...

  A trace shows that this is how the GUI update is called when you start VMWare Player and it detects a new kernel:

/usr/lib/vmware/bin/vmware-gksu --sudo-mode --message=Please enter your password to proceed. '/usr/bin/vmware-modconfig' --icon='vmware-player' --appname='VMware' --gcc='/usr/bin/gcc' --headers='/lib/modules/3.2.0-27-generic/build/include'

  As you've already tried, even simply adding /usr/bin/vmware-modconfig doesn't work.

We'll assume your spouse's username is guijunkette. The script to manage the VMWare kernel modules is /usr/bin/vmware-modconfig; in light of the note above, it's best to explicitly invoke this from the terminal; to make life easier for your wife, I have included a desktop shortcut so that she needn't even open the terminal.

sudo visudo
Around line 25, below the line %sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL, insert:

guijunkette  ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/vmware-modconfig --console --install-all

Exit the editor

To rebuild the modules, she can now run sudo vmware-modconfig --console --install-all without being asked for a password.

Desktop Shortcut

What you can do is create the following desktop file in your wife's ~/Desktop folder, and whenever VMWare Player flashes the "You must..." message, ask her to click Cancel, run this shortcut, and then start VMware Player (successfully) again:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Update VMWare Modules
GenericName=VMWare Updater
Comment=Update VMWare modules for a new kernel (console mode)
Exec=sudo vmware-modconfig --console --install-all
Terminal=true
Icon=/usr/lib/vmware/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/actions/vm-upload.png
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true

Paste this into, e.g. /home/guijunkette/Desktop/vmwareupdater.desktop, and remember to chmod +x it.

Here's a demo:


Dead graphical environment on update linux kernel 3.19.018

a) boot into recovery mode - preferrably with the old kernel.
b) clean up, i.e remove the new kernel
c) try to ensure that things are ok.
d) reboot

Note that having e.g. Nvidia proprietary drivers may require uninstalling and then reinstalling to make them work again after a kernel update. You might wish to try that first at c), in that case: skip b) and use the new kernel at a)

Easier recovery mode, root prompt:
at the recovery mode menu:
1. run the "fsck" option, this will check and then re-mount the   filsystems in fstab in r/w mode.
2. enable networking if you need it.
3. drop to root prompt.


Kernel driver not installed (rc=-1908) when running Windows 10 VM

After struggling with the same issue all night I finally found a way to keep Secure Boot enabled & got Virtualbox VMs running properly- in Ubuntu Xenial (16.04.3).

I used this PPA:
https://launchpad.net/~costamagnagianfranco/+archive/ubuntu/virtualbox-ppa

Though maybe another would work, possibly even the official one- I didn't try.

A key part of the process was signing the kernel module, & the instructions here worked for me:
https://stegard.net/2016/10/virtualbox-secure-boot-ubuntu-fail/

Best of luck!


How to move Ubuntu installation from one hdd to another?

Clonezilla may be useful for cloning your hard disk, even for those situations on which you need to do it with different size disks as mentioned here: http://www.tuxradar.com/content/how-clone-hard-drives-clonezilla

  Moving to a bigger disk

  It's easy to ensure that a clone of a SCSI
  disk is restored to a SCSI disk, but you'll have a tough time finding
  an exact replica size-wise. The good news is you don't have to restore
  a disk on another disk of the same size. The even better news is that
  you can in fact restore the image to a much larger disk.

  When restoring a disk, Clonezilla enables you to resize the filesystem
  and create partitions on the new disk proportionally. But even if you
  are moving to a bigger disk, you might prefer to keep the partitions
  as they are. In that case you can ask Clonezilla to create the
  partition table as its listed in the image.

There is documentation about moving to a larger disk as mentioned here but I am not sure that you can do it the opposite (cloning to a smaller disk).

However, it's worth to try. Clonezilla offers several Live CD's and bootable USB images and there is also documented that you can resize the free space on the disk after the copy, in which case the suggestion by @maniat1k to use gparted is also a good idea.

If you use clonezilla, I would appreciate if you drop comments with your experiences over here in order to have well documented how does this work for future reference.

Thank you a lot and Good luck!


Trendnet TEW-664UB Not recognized in Ubuntu

You can get the wireless card to work using the new rt8192cu driver created by Larry Finger:

sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-generic git
git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8192du.git
cd rtl8192du
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe 8192du

Every time you upgrade the kernel, run these commands again:

cd rtl8192du
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe 8192du

Source: The Ubuntu Forums


Ubuntu doesn't see my partitions correctly

Your harddisk is using the Dynamic Disk Format, which is not compatible with Linux and some Windows Version (Home Editions). Windows allows you to convert every disk to a Dynamic Disk but not back to a Basic Disk. Dynamic Disk format is used to provide features like Software RAID. You're setup doesnt seem to use such a feature, therefor you can safely use the Basic Disk format.

You can backup all your data, delete all partitions and create a new partition table (make sure you don't convert it to a Dynamic Disk again).

There are ways to convert this disk back to a Basic Disk without copy all data around. This Blog entry describes a method using Test Disk. But be careful, and as always, make a backup first!


slow download/upload speed in ubuntu 12.10

Have been trying to download Ubuntu Studio 12.10 and having problems with download speed. Dropped from 600kbs to 10k. Had just rerouted wiring around computer. Began eliminating wires. On moving the printer power source the speed jumped up to 700kbs... This may be your problem also...  Isolating the wifi connection is working fine.


You can use ubuntu on a usb pen as a standard installation only if it has persistence. If you just mounted the iso as live cd you can't.

To use persistence follow this
guide or this one


Short answer: I think you are out of luck.

Long answer: reading the page you linked:

  Any additional model has to be added by the user. Oregano models are
  in spice format and are therefore widely available, for instance this
  site gives a list of SPICE models available for free on the web:

  http://homepages.which.net/~paul.hills/Circuits/Spice/ModelIndex.html

we have good and bad news. The good news are that Oregano uses standard PSPICE files (and PSPICE has been the most used electronic circuit simulator in the past decade). The bad news are that it seems every model that one would like to use must be manually added to /usr/share/oregano/models folder.

This could even be doable, the problem is that reading at the model index page:

  Note that for some of the models you may have to find the appropriate
  link on the page given, or extract it from a compressed file, but many
  of these links will take you straight to the manufacturer's download
  link.

  Also note that some sites require you to register first before
  downloading models. However, once that is done, the models are free.

seems clear that this task is becoming more and more time consuming at each step that we take (and there are even quite a few broken links!).

I've managed to find other resources, for example this page and this one. The last one seemed to be particularly promising, two big zipfiles directly downloadable here and here, for example, plus other resources.

Again, the problem now is that unziping these two zipfiles, we have a huge collection of PSPICE models without any linking with Oregano's library names (I was trying to use a TTL 7400b component - a standard NAND gate - but I couldn't find the component in these two huge libraries, both searching for 7400 and NAND).

I've even tried to google for oregano library torrent to see if a kind soul had already uploaded such a collection, but still no luck.

So the final response is: creating your own library is doable, but very time (and mind) consuming.

Probably you'd better look at this question and pick another free simulator of your choice.

Good luck!

P.s. if you decide to assemble your own library, it would be nice if you'd share it in some way (e.g. torrent, emule, etc.). Many other people will thank you for this.


Why can't I install from software center?

What should I do to fix this??

sudo dpkg --remove firefox-globalmenu is all that should be needed to allow you to install/remove/modify software again, whether from the Software Center or with apt-get.


Once a hard drive starts to fail , you will start to have problems. You can continue to use the drive for some time, by re-formatting it, etc as you suggest.

The drive may have some life in it, for example, I used a drive like this for over a year. Just make sure you have reliable back ups.

Sometimes (rarely) they fail gradually, but eventually the drive will completely fail. Total failure will occur without any additional warning (the only warning you have is the need to re-format, write all 0's, etc in the first place).

I assume from what you posted you are now at the point of total failure. Even if you somehow squeeze some life out of the drive I would not expect it to function for more then a day or two at the most.

Making a live usb is easy see http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu or unetbootin if you are running windows http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows .


Invisible mouse cursor plus disabled internet connection on 13.10

I sometimes have similar issue with the cursor. Touchpad gets disabled sometimes. Did you check that. In my laptop, Fn+F3 key combination toggles touchpad on and off. There's a wifi on/off key combination too, which is Fn+F2 in my laptop.


are you using a built-in cdrom? check if you have any other options like TSSW or something similar in the boot order. somtimes the cdrom entry doesn't really represent your actual cdrom.
just put everything you have in that boot order in front of your harddrive and see what happenes.

if that still does not help, try a differetn cdrom drive or a different bootable cd. it could be that the cd cannot be read by your cdrom for whatever reason (cdrom defective, dusty etc. or cd scratched).


Ubuntu 16.04 upgraded from 14.04 Dolibarr not available no icon

install phpmyadmin on 16.04
and dump dolibarr database (backup) (then save your .sql backup file and your current /usr/share/dolibarr folders and sub-folders (tar it) prior to save)
then roll back to 14.04
install phpmyadmin
install dolibarr create datbase with the exact same name of the backuped dolibarr database previously
recover saved /usr/share/dolibarr folders and sub-folders
then restore you .sql database
that's it!!
should work !!!

Issue on 16.04 is not PHP if you use dolibarr >4.0.x.x but mysql server. Default 16.04 mysql server is mysql server version > 5.5 means not compialiant with dolibarr sql query


cannot do anything after booting ubuntu 12.04 lts  , problem with resolution

Prepare a live usb. Try booting through it.

If you succeed do the following,

Run Boot-Repair
Click Advanced options
Go to the GRUB options tab
Tick the out-of-range option
Apply

If you failed to boot with ubuntu live disk. Prepare a disk for Boot repair ISO. This should do the work.


You can use the way described by darkdragn.
This way you can add your own quick menues. You find a complete guide to that method here: http://maketecheasier.com/8-really-useful-ubuntu-unity-quicklists/2011/05/07 (and on a lot of other pages)


Since the old clock applet is not an indicator, but rather a Gnome applet, you will only be able to use it in the classic Gnome 2 session. There is no possible way for it to work in Unity.

If you're using Gnome, just remove the indicator-datetime package:

sudo apt-get purge indicator-datetime

and right click the panel to add the old applet.


What's the way to provide suggestion to Ubuntu team

You can give your feedback and ideas here


ubuntu 14.04 only boots in recovery mode

You could try upgrading to the latest:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa -y
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

If this doesn't work can you send us the results of lspci -v | grep VGA so we know what card you have.

Also what version of Ubuntu are you running?


Android Studio 2.2 frequently crashes on Ubuntu 16.04

as I see you're trying to run Android Studio using Java SE. PLease install Oracle Java 8 Java Development Kit (JDK) and set it in Android Studio using File_>Project Structure.


How do I fix "ICDauthority" error on login?

You can remove the file and reboot. The system will recreate the file with the user permissions that is used to logon.

I have seen this happen when I used root access on my home directory where the system sets the permissions of the file to root and the user then (ofcourse) can not set these back.


Your wireless is hard blocked:yes which means that the wireless switch or key combination is set to turn the wireless radio off. In the case of a number of Asus laptops, the kernel doesn't correctly recognize key presses, perhaps Fn+F2. Let's try to get the key presses working as expected. Please open a terminal and do:

sudo -i
echo "options asus_nb_wmi wapf=1" > /etc/modprobe.d/asus.conf
exit

Reboot and see if your wireless is working after you manipulate the wireless key combination.

If the above does not work, redo it again but replace asus_nb_wmi wapf=1 with asus_nb_wmi wapf=4, reboot and check again.

Also, you can get later firmware to possibly improve wireless performance. With a working internet connection, please do:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/OpenELEC/iwlwifi-firmware.git
cd iwlwifi-firmware/firmware
sudo cp iwlwifi-7265*  /lib/firmware

Reboot.


Cannot upgrade from 16.04 to 16.10 (No new release found)

After changing the setting in /etc/update-manager/releases-upgrades from lts to normal, you need to run sudo apt-get update.


Apostrophes are special character for almost all shells (shell is the term that refers to command line interpreters, which is the program that reads what you type and co the appropriate thing).

Short answer : don't do that. As the case for spaces, better avoid filenames with special meaning or special chars in them.

Long answer: if you want to use apostrophes, you have to "quote" them (using special characters that stop the shell from interpreting them). Autocompletion will quote them automatically when needed... Example:

(0)samsung-romano:~/tmp/try% touch "hard'n'soft"

One way of quoting single quotes is with double quotes. (And viceversa, although is more complex than this).

(0)samsung-romano:~/tmp/try% ls
hard'n'soft

Now if it write cat hard and press TAB:

(0)samsung-romano:~/tmp/try% cat hard\'n\'soft

Backslashes are another form of quoting the following character.


Ubuntu 20.04 Unity No applications in "start" menu after upgrading from 18.04

Since I know I did use a tweak tool, although not for gnome, but for Unity - unity-tweak-tool I did try to make a similar approach and it worked :) Also I did want to keep my Unity, not replace it with another OS GUI (which also works btw - switching to  e.g. Gnome BEFORE you login).
but first ... (Step 1)
First I found out that I don't have a GUI way to launch terminal, luckily, there is a shortcut
Open your terminal: press CtrlAltT
Step 2: trying to run unity-tweak-tool
Try to run unity-tweak-tool from terminal if the graphical interface of unity-tweak-tool starts fine - skip to step 3
However, for me it yelled about missing packages, it seemed all to be related to unity-lens-SOMETHING, when I installed one, another popped out, so I just ended up installing all of the unity-lens-*, error could look like
Error: schema com.canonical.Unity.ApplicationsLens not installed - notice the pattern of this error and what I'm installing:
sudo apt install unity-lens-applications
sudo apt install unity-lens-music
sudo apt install unity-lens-video
sudo apt install unity-lens-files
sudo apt install unity-lens-photos

After this, run unity-tweak-tool from terminal again and it should start normally, if it does => go to step 3, if it does not, try to install any dependencies it requires - usually the package has a similar name as the required stuff in com.canonical.Unity.SOMETHINGMISSING something unity-*.
If you just write DONT ENTER YET! sudo apt install unity- to the terminal and hit TAB 2x, it will show you all unity-* packages - that is not THAT much of them, so you can search there for any missing stuff, similarly for other missing stuff.
Step 3: reseting Unity tweaks
Now that you are in a working GUI of unity-tweak-tool, under the "Unity" category, open Launcher - write down all the settings you made there and hit the Restore defaults button, confirm any questions (you can set your settings back later) - do the same for all the tabs in the Unity category:
Unity -> Launcher -> Restore defaults
Unity -> Search -> Restore defaults
Unity -> Panel -> Restore defaults
Unity -> Switcher -> Restore defaults
Unity -> Additional -> Restore defaults

Step 4: Restart your computer
After restarting, your start menu and the whole panel will be reset to its original position and everything (we've turned off all the tweaks), but application & search menu should now work normally.
Step 5: Go to unity-tweak-tool again and adjust any settings back to your custom


Launching multiple VS code editor on ubuntu 18.04 crashes the Reactjs code

Problem:

yarn run v1.6.0
(node:16863) [DEP0005] DeprecationWarning: Buffer() is deprecated due to security and usability issues.
 Please use the Buffer.alloc(), Buffer.allocUnsafe(), or Buffer.from() methods instead.

Temporary solution:

Run this once every time you launch VScode.

yarn add buffer-from --save


"apt-get update" fails with "Malformed entry in list file" error

Line 51, "deb http yakkety main", is not a reference to a repository, and the Ubuntu "yakkety/main" repository is already linked to on line 5. Therefore Line 51 should simply be removed. Line 52 is a commented out malformed line as well, and should also be removed to avoid future confusion.

To remove lines 51 and 52, either:

Run this command sed -i.bak -e '51d; 52d;' /etc/apt/sources.list. This will also create a backup called "/etc/apt/sources.list.bak" just in case it screws up and you want to recover it later. It should not produce any output, and you will only need to run the command once.

OR

Open /etc/apt/sources.list in your favourite text editor (make sure you run it with sudo. For example: sudo -H gedit /etc/apt/sources.list), delete the two lines, then save and close the file.

Now you can run sudo apt update and it should complete successfully.


It's a known bug and I have found the answer.

sudo dpkg-divert --remove /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgbm.so.1.0.0
sudo dpkg-divert --remove /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgbm.so.1
sudo apt-get --reinstall install libgbm1


What is the wildcard specifying one or two characters?

When you have two or more choices, use brace expansion:

foo{?,??}.txt

Or, to be more specific:

foo{[0-9],[0-9][0-9]}.txt

Example

Let's consider a directory with these three files:

$ ls foo*txt
foo111.txt  foo11.txt  foo1.txt

Observe:

$ echo foo{?,??}.txt
foo1.txt foo11.txt

And:

$ echo foo{[0-9],[0-9][0-9]}.txt
foo1.txt foo11.txt

Or, more concisely:

$ echo foo{,[0-9]}[0-9].txt
foo1.txt foo111.txt


How do I set the computer to turn off screen when battery is critically low?

Just leave the gsettings on nothing and use the System Settings - Brightness and lock - "dim screen to save power" (use max 80%) and in the same screen "Turn screen off when inactive for 10 minutes".

The other way is to interfere in the suspend script, but if all you want is to turn off the monitor, the above is a much simpler solution.


The dconf database is a binary stored in /home/user/.config/dconf/user and, at least on my system is only 16kb in size. Management of the database and custom locations are discussed at the  gnome site, although the discussion is mainly useful as background information as normally it is not necessary to modify any of the dconf options or database location.
However, in the discussion it mentions the

  binary dconf (GVDB) database format

and again on the gnome site  the database is described as being a single compact binary format, and so it doesn't appear to have anything to do with EXI XML binaries.

It is possible to substantiate this point by searching through the Gnome mailing lists. A developer, Ryan Lortie, in this mail, talks about how

  Reading in dconf is done directly from a memory-mapped file containing the settings in an efficient tree format

Ryan Lortie is still working on dconf, as he writes in his recent blog entry, but in his other entries he only mentions the GVDB database format used by dconf (for example here and here), and he does not mention anything about an EXI XML binary or it being discussed in relation to dconf.

For more information on dconf and gsettings, please see:

What is dconf, what is its function, and how do I use it?


I rebooted my system and the problem was resolved.


Internet on Ubuntu server connected to modem is not working

If I understand you topology is

    --------    ---------- eth1        ---------
    |  PC  |    | server |-------------| modem |
    --------    ----------        eth0 ---------
    eth0|           |eth0
        |-----------|

Solution is something like this

EXP:

PC setup

eth0

ip: 192.168.2.100
nm: 255.255.255.0
gw: 192.168.2.1

Server setup

eth0

ip: 192.168.2.1
nm: 255.255.255.0

eth1

ip: 192.168.1.100
nm: 255.255.255.0
gw: 192.168.1.1

Modem lan setup

ip: 192.168.1.1
nm: 255.255.255.0

After this you need to do fallowing on server

Enable IP forwarding. This is done either by using

echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

Then, we will add a rule telling to forward the traffic

iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

and finally, we ask IPtables to masquerade

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE

Edit 1

In this case problem can occur on router setup

EXP 2

Modem setup

wan: ip from provider
lan ip: 192.168.1.1
lan nm: 255.255.255.0

# you can setup dhcp or you can setup PC(Ubuntu server)

ip: 192.168.1.100
nm: 255.255.255.0
gw: 192.168.1.1

dns: 8.8.8.8 # or from your ISP

Router setup

wan ip: 192.168.1.99
wan nm: 255.255.255.0
wan gw: 192.168.1.1

lan ip: 192.168.2.1
lan nm: 255.255.255.0

# you can configure dhcp for router clients

PC!, PC2, laptop setup

ip: 192.168.2.xxx
nm: 255.255.255.0
gw: 192.168.2.1

or via dhcp from router

I only can see that you have problem to connecting server to modem.
Put the output from command sudo cat /etc/network/interfaces
Or you can change in /etc/network/interfaces from

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static

to

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

Save, restart network and ...


Open the terminal ctrl+alt+t and paste this command in

"lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 net"

this will let us see what wireless device you have so we will know if it will work when ubuntu is installed, but in my opinion it is not worth the trouble to try to get it to work from a livecd


how to change LibreOffice UI's language?

In Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS just install:

sudo apt install libreoffice-l10n-pl

and it will be in Polish.


Which wifi driver do I choose for MacBook 2007 and how do I install it?

I also have a MacBook 3,1 running Kubuntu 16.04.3 64 bit with the Broadcom Limited BCM4321 802.11a/b/g/n [14e4:4328] (rev 03).

I am using the b43 driver. It does work, but can be a pain to get set up.

How to get it working:

Purge the proprietary driver.

sudo apt-get remove --purge bcmwl-kernel-source
Blacklist the drivers you don't want by making sure the following lines are in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

blacklist bcm43xx
blacklist wl

Reboot
Install the b43 firmware
sudo apt-get install b43-fwcutter firmware-b43-installer
That should get it working. If not, you may need to reboot again.


In order to let openvpn to alter the system DNS settings, therefore eliminating the leak, add the following lines at the end of the your *.ovpn configuration file:

script-security 2
up /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf
down /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf

Most likely that solution will help, depending on the OpenVPN server settings.

If you're curious of the meaning of the directives above, those do the following:

script-security 2 - this directive offers policy-level control over OpenVPN's usage of external programs and scripts. Script security level 2 allows calling of built-in executables and user-defined scripts.
up and down directives specify the commands to run after successful TUN/TAP device open and close, in this case, which are /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf and /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf correspondingly. These scripts align the resolv.conf with the DNS address supplied by OpenVPN server, returning it to its original state when the connection is closed.


Ubuntu Server 11.10 iso image is loading desktop

Grab a copy from here: Ubuntu Download

Use Universal USB installer from here: USB Pendrive

This should work.


Sharing UIDs

Assuming that the NAS is running a variant of Linux, and you have root access (if not I guess you need to ask QNAP), you have three options:

Manually sync /etc/passwd between the two boxes (passwd is the file that contains the username/userid mapping).
LDAP
NIS

If there are just a few users that don't change very often, the manual sync is probably the simplest. You need to keep the NAS system users the same, just add the relevant client users. Make a copy of the passwd file before changing it, so you can revert if necessary.

See the Ubuntu NFS HowTo, User Permissions.

Mounting

Mounting in fstab is probably the simplest.

Something like

//my-nas/share   /mnt/nas    nfs   rw,hard,intr    0  0

should do the trick.

The hard and intr mount options are recommended by the Linux NFS HowTo. They will cause client programs to hang if the NAS is down (hard), but will let you kill them (intr). (The alternative is that file access returns an error, which according to the Linux NFS HowTo most programs cannot handle gracefully, and is "a recipe for corrupted files and lost data".)


How can I make this evhz.c file to run properly?

There does not seem to be any obvious issues with the script (the only possible one being API changes, which are unlikely to be big enough to kill this, or to escape unnoticed by GCC) and it runs fine for me.

Try running sudo ./evhz to run it as root. What you show is running it as a normal user.


How do I run a command before or after every command written in the console?

In your .bashrc:

function process_command() {
  ... do something with $BASH_COMMAND ...
}
trap process_command DEBUG

For a good example see "Make gnome-terminal show the command running as title" on AskUbuntu.

To solve the original poster's request to run clear before the command and reset after the command, add to .bashrc:

function before_command() {
  case "$BASH_COMMAND" in
        $PROMPT_COMMAND)
          ;;
       *)
          clear;
  esac
}

function before_prompt() { reset ; }

trap before_command DEBUG
PROMPT_COMMAND=before_prompt

In man bash look for PROMPT_COMMAND and trap .-lp.


Audio almost silent on one user account but OK on another

Possibly, you could just delete  the $HOME/.pulse/ folder and $HOME/.pulse-cookie files.

I did not test that, but this worked for me: Copy (with sudo) the $HOME/.pulse/ folder and $HOME/.pulse-cookie files from $USER_A to $USER_B, chowning them  to $USER_B.

See this item.


How can I make a program open on my current worspace, instead of transfering to another instance?

Use a middle click on the icon to open a new instance of the program.


I see one backslash, but there are actually two backslashes!

In Linux shells \ is a special character
It tells the shell interpreter to treat the next character literally
that is, if you want to pass \ as part of the command in a script, you have to use it twice. The first \ is interpreted as a special character by the shell that tells the shell not to treat the next character, in this case the second \ not as a special character and pass it on.
In other situations a \ followed by a normal character is treated as an escape sequence that gives the combination special use. For example, \n takes the pointer to is a new line.
See http://linuxcommand.org/wss0060.php for other examples.
Also see http://tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/sect_03_03.html for more explanations.
Hope this helps


12.04 Unity capable, but still stuck with no loader/dash/

If you've upgraded, or are using the same home partition/directory with old config files, it's possible for some old compiz configuration to break the Unity panel and launcher.  Open a terminal window and try:

unity --reset

Chris


How to print in current terminal new logs arriving in a logfile?

You may be able to achieve this with a command like tail with the -f parameter piped into the less command.
With a particularly long and growing log, you can try this in the terminal.
    tail -200f agent-install.log | less

As new log messages flow into your log file, you can continue to see them.
You can use all the keyboard controls in less as you would in using less with a static file.You can use all the keyboard controls in less as you would in using less with a static file.
Control-C stops the whole command.