I was able to mitigate this issue by downloading the required version in the error message. In my case, I downloaded and installed the openjdk-11-jdk_11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~18.04_amd64.deb and all its required dependencies from here: https://ubuntu.pkgs.org/18.04/ubuntu-updates-main-amd64/openjdk-11-jdk_11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~18.04_amd64.deb.html.


Terminal won't open after localectl command change

First let's see which locales are enabled on your Ubuntu:

grep -v '^#' /etc/locale.gen

you should get something similar to:

en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
...

use an editor to disable unnecessary locales by commenting them, also if your output does not contains en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 then uncoment that line to enable it.

Now run:

sudo locale-gen
sudo localectl set-locale LANG=en_US.utf8

then reboot the system.


How to Increase partition size of ubuntu on external harddisk

EDIT: After review, I found a mistake. You'll need to boot a
  liveCD/USB in order to re-size a system partition, and the Ubuntu
  14.04.1 LiveCD/USB image comes with GParted.

Click on the partition you wish to expand, then click the orange arrow to expand it. If another partition exists, you may need to delete it.

To reformat a partition for windows, right click the partition, then choose "Format", and use the NTFS file system.


How can I record the screen? RecordMyDesktop gives low quality

Try using Simple Screen Recorder for record the desktop screen. It has good enough video quality for me. If you want to install it, open a terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install simplescreenrecorder


How to connect Redmi 3s prime to ubuntu?

When you connect your phone to the computer (with USB), ensure that your phone is using the File Transfer method of connecting. When you connect your phone, a notification should appear saying what connection you are using and to tap to change what connection it uses. You should then be able to access your phone's filesystem via Ubuntu. (Looks something like this)


Ugly/Inconsistent Theming in Ubuntu Gnome 12.10

Thanks to dobey, I can answer my own question (and apologies for missing something so obvious).

The short answer is: you just need to install the pixbuf theme engine: gtk2-engines-pixbuf

NB. This is basically the same as outlined in this question - I never found that question because it identifies the problem as verbose command line errors instead of ugly widgets and menus.


How do I get the Wicd manager to appear in the system tray?

Apparently this is a limitation of the Unity design.  See this bug report.


my ubuntu 15.04 crashed and I made it worse, but that is not the question

It's simply another linux partition (on same phys drive), just mount the partition 'read-only'. It can also be 'chroot'-ed though, I don't see you needing this.

For restoring individual software settings/etc you need to search for those individually. Most of what you need will simply be in your /home/(yourname) directory. NOTE:BACKUP your NEW /home/* area before starting any file copy/replace.(Or anywhere else you restore to.)

Example:

sudo tar -cvpzf new_home_backup_defaults.tar.gz /home

Thunderbird - data restore

Thunderbird linux default data location.
It says folder name can be different depending on version.So try this:

Close Thunderbird and open a shell cli ('Konsole' if in KDE)
In filemanager locate OLD mounted /home/(username) folder. Unhide hidden files.
Look for .mozilla-thunderbird OR .thunderbird
COPY entire hidden folder to new /home/(username)/ in Konsole based on above.
 Example: cp -r /mnt/oldpartition/home/(username)/.mozilla-thunderbird ~
Start Thunderbird.

Other application settings:

If you see other apps not setup, slowly/carefully start restoring settings (hidden ".{appname}" files or folders normally) from your OLD /home/(yourname) folder to the new one. This is probably the best place to start. (For instance '~/.mozilla' are user Firefox settings). DO NOT BLINDLY COPY ALL FILES - be especially careful with your X/startx/display manager settings.

Kubunut Vs Ubuntu

There is no difference between ubunutu and kubuntu in regards to where your /home/* folders are. EDIT: You added to your question - technically, yes, you could configure individual software from old partition data but why? Just copy the "hidden dotfiles" to your new partition /home. Kubuntu is just a KDE desktop instead of Gnome. Same overall distribution, different Display Manager (KDM) and desktop environment (KDE) by default.

Your old partition backup

Personally, I would just backup the OLD partition assuming there is no damage or missing files - then just restore from that as needed (again, mounting backup as  read-only). Also, before restoring any /home/ files, backup your new /home/(yourname) area. (Or anywhere else you touch via restore)

After backup is verified and depending on partition, you can also EITHER resize your new Kubuntu partition to use that partition as well (wipes it out), OR use the old partition as a new mount point - you can safely clear all data from it as you have a tested backup to restore things from.


For Ubuntu 20.04 LTS and above (Updated)
Ekiga has been removed from the Ubuntu repositories for 20.04 and higher. As far as I can tell it was last updated in 2013. It is not maintained and updated anymore. Trying to use an unsupported version of software can be a security risk.
There are a few alternates I know about.

Empathy
Jami
Twinkle

All these software are available in the Ubuntu universe repositories.  Any of these can be installed in Ubuntu using the same methods described for Ekiga below.
Note: Jami is also available in a snap package. So, you will see two Jami entries if you search the Ubuntu Software Store.
A more comprehensive list of VoIP software for various platforms is available here
For Ubuntu 18.04 LTS and below
Use the Ubuntu Software Store
This is the way to install most software in Ubuntu. The icon looks like:

Press this icon and look for the search icon . Then search for ekiga

Select the Ekiga Softphone from the list.
Then press the install button:

Enter your password when asked.
That's how you install ekiga.
See How do I install software using the Ubuntu Software Center? for more details.
Alternately use the command line
You don't have to use the command line instructions. It is just easier to write for me.
Open a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T and enter:
sudo apt install ekiga

When you type your password nothing will happen, the cursor will not move and you will not see any ****. This is normal.
See How do I install applications in Ubuntu? for more detailed and general answers.
Hope this helps


Do I need to install a LAMP server to run nodejs?

Yes, you can run NodeJS without the LAMP stack.  To run a node program you just need to have NodeJS installed along with the necessary libraries, then navigate in your terminal to the Directory where the code is located and run node <filename>.js.

Note: you can do this on Unix/ GNU+Linux/ and Windows.


DHCP server over internal adapter VirtualBox

Ok, there was no problem with isc-dhcp-server configuration files, the problem was in wrong order of Host-only adapter and Internal adapter. After changing enp0s8 to enp0s9 and enp0s9 to enp0s8 everything started to work just fine.
The solution was found due to switching off adapters from VirtualBox GUI, and testing server ifconfig output.


Not able to connect BSNL evdo Prithvi in Ubuntu 13.04

The BNSL EVDO does not work by default for me too. I use it through gnome-ppp/wvdial. Please see if this helps:

Install gnome-ppp.
Run it as super user.
Give your 10 digit account-number as username AND password.
Give    Phone number as #777.
Click on 'Setup'
In the 'Modem' tab, click 'Detect'. The device gets detected as dev/ttyACM0.
In the 'Options' tab, along with the default options, also enable 'Ignore Terminal Strings (Stupid Mode)'.
Close the 'Setup' and try connecting now.

Also, before connecting, make sure the Modem is up. It usually takes about 30 seconds and the light stops blinking when the device is ready.


Black screen when installing Nvidia Drivers

Try these commands on virtual console(ctrl+alt+F1),

sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf
sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo service lightdm restart


What trusted file cleaning tools are available for Ubuntu?

These are some that could be what you need...

FSLint: Utility collection to find and fix common errors in file storage. It can find things like:

Duplicate files
Problematic filenames
Temporary files
Bad symlinks
Empty directories
Nonstripped binaries

To install, open a terminal Ctrl + Alt + T and enter command:

sudo apt-get install fslint

BleachBit: BleachBit deletes unnecessary files to free valuable disk space, maintain privacy, and remove junk. It removes cache, Internet history, temporary
 files, cookies, and broken shortcuts.

It handles cleaning of Adobe Reader, Bash, Beagle, Epiphany, Firefox, Flash, GIMP, Google Earth, Java, KDE, OpenOffice.org, Opera, RealPlayer,
 rpmbuild, Second Life Viewer, VIM, XChat, and more.

Beyond simply erasing junk files, BleachBit wipes free disk space (to hide previously deleted files for privacy and to improve compression of images),
 vacuums Firefox databases (to improve performance without deleting data), and securely shreds arbitrary files.

To install, open a terminal Ctrl + Alt + T and enter command:

sudo apt-get install bleachbit

GtkOrphan: A graphical tool to find and remove orphaned libraries. It scans your Debian system, looking for orphaned libraries and helps remove them to claim back your disk space.

To install, open a terminal Ctrl + Alt + T and enter command:

sudo apt-get install gtkorphan

fdupes: Identifies duplicate files within given directories. (FSLint too gives this option to delete duplicate files from the system.)

P.S. The above recommended applications (except fdupes) are in Universe section of Ubuntu's repository. So before starting to install these, you'll have to Enable the “Universe” repository, then update the repos with sudo apt-get update and then you can install programs in Universe repo using apt-get.


Cannot start tomcat after installing a private instance

From the command line

To run your private instance of Tomcat from the command line, you need to run the startup.sh script within the private instance directory rather than the one in /usr/share/tomcat7. So, in your case, you need to run:

~/my-tomcat-instance/bin/startup.sh

This should work out-of-the-box.

From Eclipse

To run from Eclipse you should also create your Server Runtime Environment using your ~/my-tomcat-instance/ directory instead of /usr/share/tomcat7/.

However, getting this working is far harder than it should be. This is partly because Eclipse is a bit buggy, and partly because Eclipse doesn't distinguish between CATALINA_BASE and CATALINA_HOME.

Missing files

It turns out that the tomcat7-instance-create script does not set up everything that Eclipse needs. This was reported as a bug that appears to have been fixed at some point for Tomcat 6, but for whatever reason the patch is not in the tomcat7-user package. I've raised a new bug in the hope this will get fixed, but in the meantime, you need to run the following commands:

ln -s /usr/share/tomcat7/lib ~/my-tomcat-instance/lib
ln -s /usr/share/tomcat7/bin/bootstrap.jar ~/my-tomcat-instance/bin/bootstrap.jar

Then you need to grab a copy of catalina.policy which is not distributed as part of the tomcat7-user package and put it in the conf/ directory in your instance. You can get it from the code repository for the tomcat7 package:

curl http://bazaar.launchpad.net/\~ubuntu-branches/ubuntu/precise/tomcat7/precise/view/head:/conf/catalina.policy > ~/my-test-tomcat7-instance/conf/catalina.policy

New server bug

Whilst testing this, I also ran into another bug, which I solved by deleting these files:

{workspace-directory}/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.core.runtime/.settings/org.eclipse.wst.server.core.prefs
{workspace-directory}/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.core.runtime/.settings/org.eclipse.jst.server.tomcat.core.prefs

as per the accepted answer on Eclipse add Tomcat 7 blank server name. Obviously, only do this step if you need to.

See also Eclipse 4.2 (Juno) 'Cannot create a server using the selected type' in Tomcat 7 for getting this working using the tomcat7 package.


How to force GNOME panels et. al. to display on a different monitor without mirroring?

As a more formal answer, for others who have a similar issue in the future:

You can go to System > Preferences > Monitors and select the "Off" radio button for your laptop's monitor. This will turn it off and move all windows to the main display. Make sure you have enabled your LCD monitor, or you will not be able to change the laptop display to "Off."


How can one open an XML file with LibreOffice?

If the file is an XML table, you can open it in LibreOffice Calc through the Data > XML Source menu1. Inside it, you just need to open the XML file, point to the table you're importing on the left column and specify a destination in your sheet in the right text field. Example:

This feature is documented in the Help for LibreOffice Calc and at https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/Development/Calc/XMLSource .
1 Since this is an experimental feature (at least in V 6.1.3.2), it may be unreliable and the menu entry will be greyed out unless experimental features are enabled with Tools – Options – LibreOffice – Advanced – Enable experimental features.


You can use "EOL" to indicate when you want to end writing to your file using cat as follows:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
cat > temp_file << EOL
192.168.56.101:/NFS/home/&
EOL
sudo mv temp_file /etc/<filename>

This would keep writing to temp_file, until it gets "EOL" meaning End of Line.

Refered from: A similar question on SO


If I wanted to install e1071 manually, then I would simply fire up RStudio, then install the package from their interface. If that doesn't suit you, you can download the .tar.gz source package from CRAN, then in RStudio Install packages > From local file.

The package needs to be installed from within R, so running ./configure manually is discouraged. You should be using install.packages() instead.


You probably need to install wxpython.  Use the following command:

$ sudo apt-get install python-wxgtk2.8


Why do you think there would be a solution?

BCM43142 is for 2.4GHz networks only.
Your phone probably supports 5GHz networks as well.

That's the difference.


openssl configuration issue which lets only root user correctly verify web server certificates

I got an answer by some guy on stackoverflow and I repost it here for reference, if somebody ever stumbles upon the same issue...

The problem was the file/directory permissions of

/etc/ssl/certs/

which was accessible by root only -- I had to

chmod o+rx

as well. The actual certificate directory

/usr/share/ca-certificates

had the permissions set correctly, though -.-


Ubuntu 12.04 "Do nothing" when "lid closed" blanks out external monitor

Here is the way this works. When it is set to do nothing and you close the lid it blacks out the laptop display and the external monitor. Then all you have to do is move the mouse and the secondary external monitor will come on. I never tried that before but it works! So, I kind of like it like this because if I leave the room and don't want to go full stand by (I used to turn the monitor off physically (w/button)) now I can just close the lid, then if I want to use the secondary monitor I just move the mouse and the main laptop lid is still off keeping the laptop a bit cooler.


Although installing from minimal will work, if you are new to linux it might be lots of touble for you. Instead, you might want to look into something called Plop Boot. Essentially, you burn a CD, then create a ubuntu usb key. You put them both in the computer, boot from CD and it will then allow you to continue booting from USB. Used it myself awhile back and works like a charm. Plop Boot Page
After booting, you can use Gparted to resize your partitions, then run the install.


You said that you made a 70GB partition in windows. Did you format it to ext4 or ext3 before continuing to install ubuntu. That could be the problem. Partitions made from windows get formatted into FAT or NFTS. Windows doesn't give you an option for formatting them into linux filesystems.

Don't worry if that's the problem then it's solvable. Read below.

Warning: If you are not careful when following below steps then they can harm your data in hard drive. So proceed with a little caution. I suggest you backup your important files.

When you try to install Ubuntu through a Live CD or a USB simply choose all the specifications normally and when you come across a option
where it asks for installation type, choose something else and click continue and then in the partition table it gives you, select the partition you want to use for Ubuntu installation and format it to ext4 or ext3(whichever you find preferably) and partition type as "Primary" by using the options given there. Click image link given below to see and get base idea.

And then don't forget to select the Mount point as root ( / ) for installation and press Ok. If you want to make ubuntu the default bootloader then select /dev/sda in the "Device for bootloader" or select your preferred option. Check everything was done correct. And then finally click "Install Now".

I hope this is useful :)


Migrate from software-RAID & EXT3 to RAID-Z on new hardware?

There are various ways to clone a machine. Make an image, and restore the image on other hardware. However, if you want to move your server to new hardware, with very little downtime (within some minutes), you can use the description in this article. The article assumes a Debian Linux system, but this will work with Ubuntu as well.

Install a base system

You will need a couple of things before you can start hotcloning:

a running minimal install (should take you max. 10 minutes)
a running network card
disks and partitions mounted the way you want them
ssh and rsync installed
No other running services (except for sshd, if you do this remote like in the example). stop inetd, atd, crond, klogd, syslogd

Synchronize the data

Using rsync we can synchronize old_machine to new_machine. Rsync only transfers differences, so you can stop and restart rsync any time, and you can also resync several days later without starting all over again, or rerun rsync to transfer all changed files.

Exclude patterns for rsync

Some files should not be transferred because they are hardware specific, or are available by default, or auto-generated.

These are specific for your hardware and your partition setup:

/boot/
/lib/modules
/etc/modules
/etc/lilo.conf
/etc/fstab
/etc/mtab

These are already available. /proc is a virtual filesystem provided by the running kernel, /dev is the device tree from the base install, lost+found are directories created during partition formatting:

/proc
/dev
lost+found/

These are excluded because you want to keep the logs separate for each machine, and you want (for now) to have a different network setup for each machine:

/var/log
/etc/network/interfaces

An exclude file contains all these entries, every entry on a new line. If this isn't clear see man rsync

Here's an example hotclone_exclude file which you'll store in the /root directory and reference with the rsync command:

/boot/
/lib/modules
/etc/modules
/etc/lilo.conf
/etc/fstab
/etc/mtab
/proc
/dev
lost+found/
/var/log
/etc/network/interfaces
/root

Warning: if you have network mounts you need to add them to the exclude file too!!!

Sync data

rsync -e ssh -avz --exclude-from=/root/hotclone_exclude old_server:/ /

Switch servers!

stop services on old_server

rerun rsync (should not take long since most transfers are done already)

update /etc/network/interfaces on new_server to contain the IP address of the old_server
run ifdown -a on old_server
run ifdown -a on new_server
run ifup -a on new_server

Put the old server aside unchanged as a spare (better safe than sorry).

You should be all set.

Further note:
If you need to exclude the files from a specific package you can obtain them with apt-file as in apt-file packagename which will give you a list of files in that package and their installation locations.

Example:
$apt-file list trash-cli

trash-cli: /usr/bin/restore-trash
trash-cli: /usr/bin/trash
trash-cli: /usr/bin/trash-empty
trash-cli: /usr/bin/trash-list
trash-cli: /usr/bin/trash-put
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/integration_tests/__init__.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/integration_tests/assert_equals_with_unidiff.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/integration_tests/describe_trash_list.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/integration_tests/files.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/integration_tests/output_collector.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/integration_tests/test_file_descriptions.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/integration_tests/test_filesystem.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/integration_tests/test_persist.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/integration_tests/test_restore_trash.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/integration_tests/test_trash_empty.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/integration_tests/test_trash_put.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/integration_tests/trashinfo.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/trash_cli-0.12.7.egg-info/PKG-INFO
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/trash_cli-0.12.7.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/trash_cli-0.12.7.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/trash_cli-0.12.7.egg-info/entry_points.txt
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/trash_cli-0.12.7.egg-info/top_level.txt
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/trashcli/__init__.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/trashcli/cmds.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/trashcli/list_mount_points.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/trashcli/trash.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/unit_tests/test_available_trash_dirs.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/unit_tests/test_characterization.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/unit_tests/test_joining_paths.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/unit_tests/test_list_mount_points.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/unit_tests/test_parser.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/unit_tests/test_parsing_trashinfo_contents.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/unit_tests/test_trash.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/unit_tests/test_trash_new_tests.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/unit_tests/test_trash_put.py
trash-cli: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/unit_tests/test_trashdir.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/doc/trash-cli/changelog.Debian.gz
trash-cli: /usr/share/doc/trash-cli/copyright
trash-cli: /usr/share/man/man1/restore-trash.1.gz
trash-cli: /usr/share/man/man1/trash-empty.1.gz
trash-cli: /usr/share/man/man1/trash-list.1.gz
trash-cli: /usr/share/man/man1/trash-put.1.gz
trash-cli: /usr/share/man/man1/trash.1.gz
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/integration_tests/__init__.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/integration_tests/assert_equals_with_unidiff.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/integration_tests/describe_trash_list.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/integration_tests/files.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/integration_tests/output_collector.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/integration_tests/test_file_descriptions.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/integration_tests/test_filesystem.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/integration_tests/test_persist.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/integration_tests/test_restore_trash.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/integration_tests/test_trash_empty.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/integration_tests/test_trash_put.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/integration_tests/trashinfo.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/trash_cli-0.12.7.egg-info/PKG-INFO
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/trash_cli-0.12.7.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/trash_cli-0.12.7.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/trash_cli-0.12.7.egg-info/entry_points.txt
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/trash_cli-0.12.7.egg-info/top_level.txt
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/trashcli/__init__.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/trashcli/cmds.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/trashcli/list_mount_points.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/trashcli/trash.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/unit_tests/test_available_trash_dirs.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/unit_tests/test_characterization.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/unit_tests/test_joining_paths.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/unit_tests/test_list_mount_points.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/unit_tests/test_parser.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/unit_tests/test_parsing_trashinfo_contents.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/unit_tests/test_trash.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/unit_tests/test_trash_new_tests.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/unit_tests/test_trash_put.py
trash-cli: /usr/share/pyshared/unit_tests/test_trashdir.py

If you don't have it you can install it with sudo apt install apt-file

For some more useful tools see @drysdam answer here  and @Ressu answer here

Sources:

http://olivier.sessink.nl/publications/hotcloning/

http://olivier.sessink.nl/publications/hotcloning/exclude.txt

man rsync

https://superuser.com/questions/82923/how-to-list-files-of-a-debian-package-without-install


chrome downgrade package missing in archive

Turns out container repo was outdated, so apt update fixed it.

# google-chrome --version
Google Chrome 75.0.3770.80


Can I write to the USB stick that I'm running Ubuntu from?

You can remount in read-write mode the partition mounted on /cdrom with the following command:

sudo mount -o remount,rw /cdrom


I find solution. Need manually update linux kernel from https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/

I update to 5.6.3 version and all after update fine.

Steps:

Download generic modules, image and headers
Install from deb packages
Make sudo update-grub
reboot


How to get true, correct font rendering on Ubuntu 14.04+

For LibreOffice, I just found a simple solution.

Click on Tools > Options > LibreOffice > View

Adjust the scaling figure (default 100%) to the size you need. For me setting it to 106% meant that when LibreOffice says a document is displayed at 100% it really is the width of the paper.


unattended-upgrades vs cron-apt on a server

cron-apt
Cron-apt only downloads new packages by default. This can be useful if you have a strongly customized system. (for more details, see source [1])
unattended-upgrades
apt includes support for running an unattended upgrade script; Ubuntu includes this with the ''unattended-upgrade'' package which handles both security and non-security updates. The frequency of updates can be changed by setting the variable APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "x"; where x is the number of days.
This is the recommended way to do unattended upgrades in Ubuntu:
sudo apt-get install unattended-upgrades
dpkg-reconfigure -plow unattended-upgrades

(-plow is the short form of --priority=low.
That is, show all questions of 'low' priority or higher.)
Automatic upgrades can break your system, so be aware, that you should only install this on systems where a failiure is not fatal to any means.
[1] Source: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutoWeeklyUpdateHowTo


There is no way to get true randomness from a deterministic machine!  Any algorithm in existence today (not using non-deterministic hardware) generates pseudo-random noise, not true randomness, so the answer to your question is:
No, the passwords generated using the pwgen -s -y command are not truly random!
Sorry, one of my pet-peeves: they are very random though... ;-)


You can use

sudo start lightdm

It does exactly the same as

sudo service lightdm start

There are also:

sudo stop lightdm
sudo restart lightdm

If you have other login managers replace lightdm with what you have - so if you use GNOME (and selected the GNOME login manager) it is

sudo start gdm

If you have KDE (and selected the KDE login manager) it is

sudo start kdm


how to boot widndows 8 uefi fromngrub command line?

You should still be able to boot Windows using the EFI boot menu (some function key at power-up, varies by machine).  Select "Windows" instead of "ubuntu".  That will skip grub completely, and just run Windows.  You should be able to re-arrange the boot order to put Windows first, so it becomes the default.
  If you really want to get to Windows through grub, you can use the grub commands:

search --fs-uuid --no-floppy --set=root <Your EFI UUID here>
chainloader (${root})/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi


When upgrading from 12.04 to 12.10, after rebooting, Ubuntu won't load when selected from boot menu

I had the same problem and the same error message. I solved the problem using easyBCD on Windows 7 following the instructions in this post: How can I add an entry for Ubuntu to the Windows 7 boot menu?


I solved this problem by running gnome-settings-daemon and adding it to startup list.


Alsa problems with python2.7- Unable to open slave

This can get rid of the Unknown Device messages:
sudo nano /usr/share/alsa/alsa.conf and comment out cards.pcm.{device} where {device} is the unknown devices listed

this will get rid of the jack server error, not sure about the others

sudo apt install multimedia-jack
pulseaudio --kill
jack_control  start

If you get memory errors logout/login AFTER running:

sudo usermod -a -G audio MYUSERNAME

Make sure you log out / in, otherwise permissions won't be updated.

You may need to run:

jack_control  start

again


How do I get `abc.xyz.com` from `"127.0.0.1,abc.xyz.com"`?

Using sed:
sed -i 's/^.*,//; s/\"$//' fileName

^ refers to starting of line and $ line end.
Using awk:
awk -F'^.*,|"$' '{print $2}' inputFile > outputFile


Is portforwarding to my localhost on my personal Ubuntu computer secure?

It will be as secure as your Web server configuration and your Web application, just like it would be were it deployed on a "real" Web server. If the Web server is running as the www-data user, you could change your home directory permissions to something that the www-data user cannot read:

cd ~
chmod 750 .

Run that while logged in as your own username. The rest cannot be guessed without lots information from you including the Web application itself. But, at least this much may offer a little more peace of mind knowing your files in your home directory will not be read.

Add another layer by creating a .htaccess file in the DOCUMENT_ROOT (/var/www/ ?) so that anyone who access the Web server will need to supply a username and password first. This could always be removed at deployment time.

Assuming you are using Apache... edit your Apache config file to make sure that any AuthConfig directives you add will work. Within the 'Directory' directive that specifies your document root, make sure you have AuthConfig in your AllowOverride statement:

AllowOverride AuthConfig

Or, you could use "All":

AllowOverride All

This lets us put Apache directives in .htaccess files. Now create a password file somewhere outside the public portion of the Web site. Here I create (-c) a password file named passwords in /usr/local/etc/apache/ with the initial user, my_username. It will prompt for password.

sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/apache/
sudo htpasswd -c /usr/local/etc/apache/passwords my_username

Then put some Apache AuthConfig directives in the document root. If the document root is /var/www/, then use your favorite editor to create a new file name .htaccess...

sudo vim /var/www/.htaccess

The contents of that file ...

AuthType Basic
AuthName "My Web App"
AuthUserFile /usr/local/etc/apache/passwords
Require user my_username

Save. Change owner and permissions, if running as www-data:

sudo chown www-data /var/www/.htaccess
sudo chmod 400 /var/www/.htaccess

Now no one can use the Web server without username and password, plus the Web server cannot read your personal files. I do not know how or if this password method could work, though, when PayPal is redirecting back to you.

I suppose you could move the .htaccess in and out of the /var/www directory as needed while you are developing the PayPal return portion of your Web app.


Restore contents of /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh

The original contents is here :

#!/bin/sh
# xrdp X session start script (c) 2015, 2017 mirabilos
# published under The MirOS Licence

if test -r /etc/profile; then
    . /etc/profile
fi

if test -r /etc/default/locale; then
    . /etc/default/locale
    test -z "${LANG+x}" || export LANG
    test -z "${LANGUAGE+x}" || export LANGUAGE
    test -z "${LC_ADDRESS+x}" || export LC_ADDRESS
    test -z "${LC_ALL+x}" || export LC_ALL
    test -z "${LC_COLLATE+x}" || export LC_COLLATE
    test -z "${LC_CTYPE+x}" || export LC_CTYPE
    test -z "${LC_IDENTIFICATION+x}" || export LC_IDENTIFICATION
    test -z "${LC_MEASUREMENT+x}" || export LC_MEASUREMENT
    test -z "${LC_MESSAGES+x}" || export LC_MESSAGES
    test -z "${LC_MONETARY+x}" || export LC_MONETARY
    test -z "${LC_NAME+x}" || export LC_NAME
    test -z "${LC_NUMERIC+x}" || export LC_NUMERIC
    test -z "${LC_PAPER+x}" || export LC_PAPER
    test -z "${LC_TELEPHONE+x}" || export LC_TELEPHONE
    test -z "${LC_TIME+x}" || export LC_TIME
    test -z "${LOCPATH+x}" || export LOCPATH
fi

if test -r /etc/profile; then
    . /etc/profile
fi

test -x /etc/X11/Xsession && exec /etc/X11/Xsession
exec /bin/sh /etc/X11/Xsession

The best way to get it , is either re-installing the xrdp package or if that's not possible for you , you can run the ISO image which you've installed the instance from , then install xrdp there and copy the file to your host.


On your launcher there is something that looks like a filing cabinet. This is called Nautilus. Click on it and you should be able to explore all your drives and the folders/directories within.

Assuming you installed Ubuntu on your 900 GB HDD you'll be seeing it with Nautilus. If you installed Ubuntu on a different drive, like a 128 GB SSD boot drive, you'll still be able to navigate to the 900 GB HDD and see the files there.


Canonical have probably forgotten to update apps.ubuntu.com for the new current release Ubuntu 16.10 or the current LTS release Ubuntu 16.04. I can see no announcement anywhere that apps.ubuntu.com is deprecated, it seems to be some sort of mistake on their part.

Clearly, this is not a great experience, before you could choose to find packages on apps.ubuntu.com for the latest release of Ubuntu (in addition to command-line tools and packages.ubuntu.com), but now you can't. I think most people haven't noticed, because for apps that used to exist in the Ubuntu repositories and continue to exist (like Blender), everything still works as it should.

I've filed these two bug reports about it:

Current Ubuntu release not in apps.ubuntu.com
"firefox" is not found for Ubuntu 14.04 on apps.ubuntu.com


Dual Boot Problems: Can't Boot Windows after using easyBCD

New computers come with UEFI Windows installations.

EasyBCD is not UEFI capable.

You need a Recovery CD/DVD/USB for your version of Windows, I suppose Windows 8.1 64-bit.

If you have a Microsoft key for your Windows 8/8.1 you can always download a Windows 8/8.1 ISO from Microsoft, burn it to DVD/USB and repair Windows. Google will help you to find articles how to do this.


curl: (1) Protocol "'smtps" not supported or disabled in libcurl - I've tried the common solutions

You have a leading apostrophe (') since you're escaping it with a backslash (\) - The output is a bit hard to read but curl is trying to tell you this, but since it's next to some double quotes (") it doesn't stand out:

curl: (1) Protocol "'smtps" not supported or disabled in libcurl
--------------------^


After some debugging with Wireshark, I finally resolved my problem by decreasing mtu

The command is sudo ifconfig eth0 mtu 576


How to edit whitelisted apps in the notification area in gnome fallback session?

In a nutshell, what you are trying to achieve is not possible. This is caused by a bug, which will be a bit difficult to solve, due to some changes in GNOME3.

There is not longer a separate gnome-power-manager process. It's now a plugin of gnome-settings-daemon.
If you disable the plugin, you will lose power management.
If you use another power manager, such as xfce4-power-manager, you will not get the indicator (which you want).
There is no system tray whitelist in GNOME Classic.

All in all, there is no direct solution, and your best bet is to wait until the bug is solved.

How to use xfce4-power-manager instead of GNOME Power Manager (the plugin) in GNOME 3

This will show you how to disable GNOME Power Manager in GNOME 3, and then how to enable xfce4-power-manager.

Install dconf-editor.
Navigate to org.gnome.setting-daemon.plugins.power and untick the active option.

Install xfce4-power-manager (sudo apt-get install xfce4-power-manager).
Add this to your start up applications.
Log out and log back in.
You should now see a single battery icon, which will be provided by xfce4-power-manager.


Gnome doesn't start after libdbus update

It looks like your system is in a non-recoverable position. It might be possible to recover if an expert has access to your machine directly, but unless you have a support person you can ask for help my best advice is to reinstall Ubuntu.


LibreOffice doesn't work with HUD in 12.10

It is a bug, I wasn't able to find it since there is not LibreOffice in its name but Writer instead. See HUD doesn't work with LibreOffice Writer


Trying to configure eth0 and eth1 but Failed to bring up eth1

I think you only need one default gateway. You have set up 3: gateway 172.19.20.185, gateway 172.18.182.1 and up route add default  gw 172.18.182.1 dev eth1.

Try the following interfaces file:

auto eth0 eth1

iface eth0 inet static
  address 172.19.20.186
  netmask 255.255.255.252

iface eth1 inet static
  address 172.18.182.55
  netmask 255.255.254.0
  gateway 172.18.182.1
  up route add -net 172.19.26.0/23 gw 172.19.20.185 dev eth0
  up route add -net 172.19.24.0/23 gw 172.19.20.185 dev eth0

EDIT: Try this to manually configure the interfaces, so we can see where is the error.

Shut down all interfaces: ifconfig eth0 down; ifconfig eth1 down; ifconfig eth2 down; ifconfig eth3 down
Configure eth0: ifconfig eth0 172.19.20.186 netmask 255.255.255.252 up
Configure eth1: ifconfig eth1 172.18.182.55 netmask 255.255.254.0 up
Set up default gateway: route add default gw 172.18.182.1
Set up first static route: route add -net 172.19.26.0/23 gw 172.19.20.185 dev eth0
Set up second static route: route add -net 172.19.24.0/23 gw 172.19.20.185 dev eth0


Is there a better way to automatically check and restart network interfaces?

One solution would be to actually check to see if the interface is up first and then restart the network-manager service if it's not with a script like the following. This checks to see if a single ping

if ! ping -Q 1 -c 1 -t 60 google.com; then
echo warning: lost network connection >>/var/log/syslog
    service network-manager restart
fi

and launch that with cron at whatever period of time you think is sufficient.

You may want to boost the -Q parameter as discussed here if you don't get the desired results but it worked fine at 1 in my tests. you might also have to tweak the -t parameter to suit your environment.

Of course you'll have to setup the cron job properly for this to work.

Sources:

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/133931/automatically-restarting-network-connection

man ping

How to set up a root cron job properly

Testing.


19.10: Stuttered echos of windows in background when moving

sudo apt install --reinstall gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons

And then logging out and back in seems like it has fixed it for me at least temporarily.

Certainly seems to be extensions related and the desktop-icons one seems to be the culprit. Similar issue / resolution as After upgrading to Ubuntu 19.10 I see issues when resizing windows or dragging windows


I have found virus on Ubuntu, what to do?

If you believe that your system has been compromised,

Take your system offline
If you intend to do a security analysis, use dd to preserve a copy of your compromised system on a separate safe media. I suspect this is what you mean by a 'security action'. You cannot file a useful security bug until you know what the vulnerability is, so keep investigating on your test system.
Wipe your disk, and reinstall Ubuntu from scratch
Restore your data from backups. DO NOT migrate data from the compromised system

If you don't have backups, then you have just learned an important life lesson.


Is it possible to search for files on all partitions at the same time?

All your hard discs are mounted somewhere (most likely under /media or otherwise under /mnt) so if you use find from command line at root level (/) or navigate to root level in Nautilus it will include your USB discs if they are mounted.

Linux can read NTFS so if you mounted the disc (example: mount -tntfs /dev/sdb1 /mnt) it will also search that disc.

The online manpage for find you can find here.


The code snippet you have given requires a modification, you need -print0 instead of print 0.

This script will find (find) all the files having extension txt in /home/mike/Duck/, send them to printer (lpr) one at a time and then if that returns a success (&&) then the file will be moved (mv) to /home/mike/Duck/printed/.

If you want to print files having any extensions, use this:

find /home/mike/Duck/ -type f -name '*.*' -print0 | while IFS= read -r -d '' f;
 do lpr "$f" && mv -i "$f" /home/mike/Duck/printed/ ; done

This assumes that all files having extensions are in the format file.ext, it will also print the files having multiple dots. The -i with mv will give you a prompt before overwriting.

Also note that this can be done using only find:

find /home/mike/Duck/ -type f -name '*.*' -exec lpr {} \; -exec mv -i {} /home/mike/Duck/printed/ \;


Is it possible to fix this? ft-rockey.rules:1

Solved -

rm -rdfv /etc/udev/rules.d/ft-rockey.rules

I have no idea what rockey was, but i do know that with mr rockey gone Im back up and running again without emergency mode - kudos to askubuntu and internet searches!!


after installing nvidia-current via jockey on 12.10 i only see my desktop but not the unity interface

Seems I have the same problem. How extremely disapointing.

By Running:
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
and then
sudo apt-get update  Warn that there are no quental packages yet.

Exactly like the original poster said.

If Anyone has a solution I am pretty desperate. The original drivers, make the text on my screen go all jumbled.

Cheers


Increase the partition of Ubuntu 16.04 dual boot via Gparted

Looking at the image, you need to move your /dev/sda5 to the end of the drive putting the unallocated space between /dev/sda7 and /dev/sda5.  Then you should be able to resize /dev/sda7 to the remaining unallocated space.

To move the partition, make sure that it is not mounted.  Right click the partition /dev/sda5 and choose Unmount.  It didn't look like it was mounted in your image.  Then right click it again and choose Resize/Move.  Then just drag that partition all the way to the right.


Open a terminal window and run

winecfg

A window will pop up. Change "Windows version" from Windows XP to a later version of Windows (I don't know which version your program requires). Click "OK".


Ubuntu one files, deleting pictures from pc should remove them from phones gallery

I'm a Software Developer at Canonical, author of Ubuntu One Files.

We have this feature on our TODO list as it has also been requested by other users via support email. Thus, we plan to implement this in Ubuntu One Files, stay tuned.


Why Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Cloud images don't come with backported kernels?

The hardware enablement stack's primary task is to provide newer kernels so they work on newer hardware.

Since clouds are virtualized, there's really no reason for us to ship those kernels as cloud users can just stay on the stock 12.04 kernel.

That being said it is nice to enjoy the new kernel features that you get with the backported kernels, so installing linux-generic-lts-raring as you guess is totally fine, and still supported.

Ironically, if you're deploying on MAAS or OpenStack we still default to the stock 12.04 kernel, but we're aware of that and have started discussions on how we can make it easier for users to do that.


How do I share a wireless internet connection via Ethernet with an Xbox 360?

I haven't done this yet on my own, but I think you are searching for this:

Details
More instructions are available here and here.


Yes, they can.

In the default configuration all the traffic is going to be route to one NIC, unless you modify your route table, but it should work.

I had done that (by error) a couple of times in my laptop, having both wireless and wired connections at the same time without problem.


touchpad does not work in HP Pavilion X2 tablet

This solved my problem:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2222243

I follow the suggestion of shane-u (last entry) to update kernel:

wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.15-rc5-utopic/linux-headers-3.15.0-031500rc5-generic_3.15.0-031500rc5.201405091635_amd64.deb

wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.15-rc5-utopic/linux-headers-3.15.0-031500rc5_3.15.0-031500rc5.201405091635_all.deb

wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.15-rc5-utopic/linux-image-3.15.0-031500rc5-generic_3.15.0-031500rc5.201405091635_amd64.deb

dpkg -i linux-headers-3.15.0-.deb linux-image-3.15.0-.deb

Then a Shutdown and then reboot (do not do a restart).

ATTENTION: i got the last kernel versions here:
http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/?C=N;O=D


How to put app in "What's new" section in Software Center

Probably it is a bug or you did'nt noticed your app in what is new section, Apps submitted through my apps portal wiil be automatically included in what is new section


Having Googled this for you, I find: "There is a toggle switch in GNOME Tweaks but that toggle isn't exposed in Ubuntu because

It duplicates the functionality already in the GNOME Settings app
on Ubuntu
The Ubuntu feature still uses a different gsettings
key, in part because there are still patches for this feature that
GNOME hasn't reviewed yet (for gnome-shell in particular).

So offhand, it doesn't look like you have this opton in Gnome Tweaks on Ubuntu 18.04.

Google also led me here and the suggestion to use

pactl -- set-sink-volume 0 250%

(for 250% amplification) still works fine on 18.04. See "man pactl" for more info.


Opening new terminal from terminal and navigating directories (Permission denied?)

# first change to the directory where your executable lies (make sure you have permissions on tha directory)

cd /BESTFULLPATH

# then run your new terminal

gnome-terminal --profile=YOURPROFILENAMEHERE --working-directory=/PATHAGAIN -e ./WHATYOUWANTTORUN


What does Ubuntu use for getting/setting the time?

Read the date man page

To set the system date to January 2, 1970 10:34:56 am

sudo date 010210341970.56


How do I remove Tomboy without removing Gnome?

There isn't any package named gnome. I think you meant ubuntu-desktop

Either your system does not have proper packages list. Do a
sudo apt-get update
to check if everything is in order

If the problem still comes, check what all are contained in the package. Chances are high that it is a metapackage. It means that a package which has multiple packages as it's dependencies.
Meta-packages don't contain anything. If you want to install say kubuntu on already existing ubuntu installation then all you need to do is to install kubuntu-desktop which will take care of the packages which need to be installed.

Now if you remove any single of the package which are dependency of that meta-package, then that meta-package is shown to be removed.

Don't worry, your whole gnome is not going to be removed. Only the meta-package is going to be unchecked as the dependency requirement for that package is not fulfilled.

I am not very much sure what the problem you are getting. Probably the solution I explained might not be the solution to your problem, nevertheless I thought it is good to explain what all problems can exist with the same symptoms.


Ubuntu won't start with "device descriptor read/64, error -32", what does this message mean?

[23.359845]usb 1-1.5:device descriptor read/64, error -32

This is a hardware error you see it with some USB device. Is at random as it could get.

  USB has an over-current protection, which gets triggered when power consumption from the port is too high. (Triggering this error)

You can try unplugging all devices and trying again after a minute or two.

Sources:

http://paulphilippov.com/articles/how-to-fix-device-not-accepting-address-error
https://web.archive.org/web/20150802161132/https://forum.manjaro.org/index.php?topic=5423.0


According to http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1672368&page=2
WD Passport needs to be unlocked using Windows or Mac before they can be used. Take the drive to a Mac or PC and run the Unlock application or the WD Smartware Utilities to enable access to the writable partition, then format it. If the drive is missing the unlocking apps, you can download the software kit for Mac and PC from WD's support pages.
In an extreme situation you can use http://www.hdd-tools.com/products/rrs/howto/ I don't know if they can be trusted. As you can see HDDs could be simply unlocked using these tools, so to be safe encrypt your data yourself before storing it on your drive.
======
I just asked people at WD, they said there is no way you can unlock from any Linux distribution, including Ubuntu, not even wine can do that.


Ubuntu rescue mode mount and backup files

If all of your data is on the main partition you selected to be used as / (file system root) during the installation, that one should be already mounted when you select recovery mode in GRUB menu and then drop to a root shell. It's just mounted as read-only, so you have to

mount -o remount,rw /

before you have write access to it.

To mount all partitions that would normally automatically get mounted at boot time, run

mount -a


use this patch and this should work

drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb-v2/af9035.c | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb-v2/af9035.c b/drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb-v2/af9035.c
index 021e4d3..804df72 100644
--- a/drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb-v2/af9035.c
+++ b/drivers/media/usb/dvb-usb-v2/af9035.c
@@ -1529,6 +1529,8 @@ static const struct usb_device_id af9035_id_table[] = {
        &af9035_props, "Leadtek WinFast DTV Dongle Dual", NULL) },
    { DVB_USB_DEVICE(USB_VID_HAUPPAUGE, 0xf900,
        &af9035_props, "Hauppauge WinTV-MiniStick 2", NULL) },
+   { DVB_USB_DEVICE(USB_VID_ELGATO, 0x0058,
+       &af9035_props, "Elgato EyeTV Go", NULL) },
    { }
 };

 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, af9035_id_table);

1.9.0


How do I connecting my Dell E6410 to a TV via DisplayPort?

I had this problem with my Lenovo T420s.  I would plug in the DisplayPort and nothing would happen, the monitor would just go to sleep.

It turns out you have to run the Nvidia control panel and enable the monitor from X Server Display Configuration.  The name of the package, if you don't have it installed, is nvidia-settings.

If you have an ATI card, I don't know what works but I would assume there's some sort of ATI control panel.

UPDATE: this is no longer an issue in Precise Pangolin (Ubuntu 12.10).  I upgraded this morning and DisplayPort is recognized the same way my VGA was.


Try nosplash debug. If you want output from upstart too, add --verbose


From the comments...

re: Sudo apt-get install php7.0-mcrypt mysql-server phpmyadmin

The correct command would be sudo apt-get install php7.0-mcrypt mysql-server phpmyadmin... small s in sudo, but the php7.0-mcrypt package doesn't exist in the Ubuntu repositories, so you can't install it. Maybe you obtained it elsewhere. And since the latest php is 7.2, you wouldn't want to install an old 7.0 version anyway.

So you could do sudo apt-get install mysql-server phpmyadmin


Ubuntu Tries to Mount External HD on every Boot

Remove it from /etc/fstab (that file is used for fixed mounts).

From command line use either of these:

sudo nano /etc/fstab
sudo gedit /etc/fstab
sudo vim /etc/fstab

and put a # in front of the line that mounts that disk. Save and next reboot it will not prompt for it. If correct you can next time just remove that line from /etc/fstab since the paritions in here are supposed to be fixed partitions.

When you insert the cable for the disk next time it will mount in /media/ and show a pop-up with the contents.

more /etc/fstab

will list the file. Example:

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=06ec14b4-1c86-4b9d-88e0-aad0e6e236bc /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
# /discworld was on /dev/sdb6 during installation
UUID=f35b4bfe-1366-4990-bedb-643626359728 /discworld      ext4    defaults  0       2
# /home was on /dev/sdb5 during installation
UUID=4fa0af65-4c30-4ec4-b627-fdd8e69b93f9 /home           ext4    defaults 0       2
# swap was on /dev/sda6 during installation
UUID=76aa372f-f358-48d8-b084-c934c2405d1f none            swap    sw    0       0


What happened to the qtbase5-dbg package in Zesty?

I submitted this question to the ubuntu-devel-discuss mailing list and Mattia Rizzolo responded with the following reply:

  Debian is slowly dropping manual debug symbol packages (-dbg) in favour
  of automatic ones (-dbgsym).

  https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2015/12/msg00262.html

  Ubuntu have automatic debug packages (.ddebs) since ever, and in case a
  manual -dbg package exists it transitionally pulls it in:
  https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Debug%20Symbol%20Packages

  I know a little work happened to make Ubuntu build debug packages as
  does Debian now, I guess this work will (very) slowly make them
  converge.

This is a little bit frustrating because not only is this not stated anywhere obvious but https://packages.ubuntu.com doesn't display .ddeb files and creates the mistaken impression that the -dbgsym packages don't exist.

Now for the solution.

Create a file named ddebs.list in /etc/apt/sources.list.d with the following contents:

deb http://ddebs.ubuntu.com zesty main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ddebs.ubuntu.com zesty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ddebs.ubuntu.com zesty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

* You will likely need root privileges to create the file

You will then need to run apt-get update to refresh the list of packages. The package that provides debug symbols for the Qt core library is named libqt5core5a-dbgsym and can be installed with:

sudo apt-get install libqt5core5a-dbgsym


you mean like this ? Konqueror overview at openSuse

I read this statement at chap 10 point 1 from that site:

"You can save your tabs with URLs and the position of the window in a profile. This is a bit different from the session managment mentioned above. With profiles, you have your saved tabs at hand and without intensive start-up time like with session management."


Eclipse Neon 64-bit is not launching in Ubuntu 14.04

The default java version in 14.04 is java 7, eclipse neon requires java8 which you will need to download and install next to your existing java version.


Adobe Reader tabs illegible: grey on grey

Open file /usr/share/themes/ambiance/gtk-2.0/gtkrc using gedit, and change fg_color from #4c4c4c to #000000. (source: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2031342)


You have an nvidia Optimus (hybrid graphics) setup. You need to remove the nvidia driver and use bumblebee

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia-current

To install bumblebee in Ubuntu 14.04, run these commands in terminal

sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia primus nvidia-331

Now you have to install Bumblebee GUI to manage apps to be opened using nVidia. Here is the instructions:

Install Python App Indicator:

sudo apt-get install python-appindicator

Install Git:

sudo apt-get install git

Make a directory for git:

mkdir git && cd git

Check out the repository:

git clone https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/bumblebee-ui.git
cd bumblebee-ui
sudo ./INSTALL

Go to Startup Applications and add bumblebee-indicator

Now reboot.

I did not write this here is the source for the you need optimus info

This one is the install instructions


As suggested in the comment, installed systemd package:

> apt-get install systemd

timedatectl is installed


Make US International keyboard not put accents in all characters

I'm not aware of a way on Linux to achieve the exact behavior you describe. At least it cannot be done only via XKB.

I would suggest that you try another keyboard layout. Assuming that you only need to type accented characters occasionally, check out the English (intl., with AltGr dead keys) keyboard layout. It only triggers the dead key behavior together with the Right Alt modifier.

' followed by a => 'a

Right Alt+' followed by a => á


Dual-booting Windows 10: Shared drive no longer accessible

Run this command :

sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdb1


How to turn off NVIDIA graphics on Macbook Pro?

I happen to have the exact same computer as you. What I devised is to add a few lines to grub to disable the discrete graphics at the efi level:

$ cat /etc/grub.d/10_linux
# Use ELILO's generic "efifb" when it's known to be available.
# FIXME: We need an interface to select vesafb in case efifb can't be used.
if [ "x$GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX" = x ]; then
    echo "    load_video" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/"
else
    if [ "x$GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX" != xtext ]; then
        echo "        load_video" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/"
    fi
fi
if ([ "$ubuntu_recovery" = 0 ] || [ x$type != xrecovery ]) && \
    ([ "x$GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX" != x ] || [ "$gfxpayload_dynamic" = 1 ]); then
    echo "    gfxmode \$linux_gfx_mode" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/"
fi

echo "        outb 0x728 1" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/"
echo "        outb 0x710 2" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/"
echo "        outb 0x740 2" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/"
echo "        outb 0x750 0" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/"

echo "        insmod gzio" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/"
echo "        if [ x\$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/"

I just added the outb lines in between the insmod gzio and linux_gfx_mode. For reference:

outb 0x728 1 # Switch select
outb 0x710 2 # Switch display
outb 0x740 2 # Switch DDC
outb 0x750 0 # Power down discrete graphics

This disables the graphics at the pcie-link level, such that it vanishes from the system. Unlike macOS, the IronLake Intel HD Graphics can drive the external display output, but without audio.

What you described as the mac disabling igpu unless booting macOS holds true for any mac made after 2010, or any mac with a Sandy Bridge chip or later. (2010=nehalem, 1st gen 45nm.) The apple_set_os.efi trick does not work before 2011 (pre-2011, at the time, anything booted with efi would behave exactly like macOS, efi didn't check the OS, just that it was booted natively, enabling the integrated graphics. And the only way to boot an OS with igpu disabled was to legacy boot, which we are not doing) I tried running it, and it prints that the apple_set_os protocol was not found. I run 16.04.3 stable and it is such a nice experience once you can use the computer without crashes.

About the nvidia proprietary drivers: I did some opengl testing with dolphin-emu and DRI_PRIME=1 booting without outb 0x750, therefore disabling the dGPU's connection to the lvds display, but leaving it available headless for rendering. Nouveau and proprietary have nearly the same performance. (in fact, the majority of edge cases here were won by nouveau) The NV50/Tesla architecture is perhaps the best supported by nouveau. Therefore, I would actually recommend staying on nouveau.

Lastly, to enable intel graphics on boot permanently (as long as nvram variables are not erased) you can do this from linux:

mount -t efivarfs rw /sys/firmware/efi/efivars/ # make sure efi is mounted
sudo bash -c 'printf "\x07\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00" > /sys/firmware/efi/efivars/gpu-power-prefs-fa4ce28d-b62f-4c99-9cc3-6815686e30f9'

You can also accomplish the exact same thing from macOS as well:

sudo nvram fa4ce28d-b62f-4c99-9cc3-6815686e30f9:gpu-power-prefs=%01%00%00%00


You might try Freeplane (sudo apt-get install freeplane). Freeplane is a Freemind fork from about 10 years ago that seems to be in more active development.

AnGus


How to configure X11 to find a font as requested by a proprietary binary

I couldn't find a better solution then changing the strings in a fonts.dir file to match the strings.

Assuming that the normal Courier font should be at least readable if used incorrectly, I copied all the files from the vanilla Type1 folder into a local font folder and also the lines from the Type1/fonts.dir which contained the name courier. Then I added at the end of the names string just helvetica and rehashed the font cache. Then the program could start without an error.

$ cp /usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1/c0* ~/fonthack/
$ cp /usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1/fonts.dir ~/fonthack/
$ vim ~/fonthack/fonts.dir
# editing the lines. e.g.:
# from: c0419bt_.pfb -bitstream-courier 10 pitch-medium-r-normal-0-0-0-0-m-0-adobe-standard
# to: c0419bt_.pfb -bitstream-courier 10 pitchhelvetica-medium-r-normal-0-0-0-0-m-0-adobe-standard
# removed all lines without ``courier'' in their names
$ xset fp rehash
$ ~/the_tool_i_want_to_use


Fatal Python error: Py_Initialize: Unable to get the locale encoding

I got a similar problem in a different context (when calling a python3 script from the interactive environment of the VisIt plot program). The reason this happens is that apparently, the environment variables (in particular, PATH) are set to local values that disable the system-wide install of Python3.

You can get around this by running Python 3 in a clean-slate env. Should look something like this:

ostringstream command;
command<<"cd ; env -i bash -l -c 'python3 piap.py "<<u<<" "<<rho<<"'";
if(!(in = popen(command.str().c_str(), "r"))){
    cout<<"some problem with the subprocess"<<endl;
}


To format your usb-drive I recommend using G-parted for error-free and easy formatting. To do so first, go to GetDeb.net. and follow the instructions there to add their ppa. It is done so that you get the latest version of G-parted. After this, open terminal and type:

sudo apt-get update

to update your list, then install G-parted using:

sudo apt-get install gparted

Now, you need to launch G-parted.

After launch you will see your device in the list if you have already connected your usb-drive.

But if you haven't then connect your usb-drive and then GParted > Refresh Devices.

Now, after your usb-drive is detected, you can format your drive by right-clicking on your device and selecting Format to:

Hope this helps!


how to identity what as "filled" my filesystem

You should try filelight.
Filelight allows you to understand exactly where your diskspace is being used by graphically representating your filesystem as a set of concentric segmented-rings.
Filelight is available in universe repositories.  You can install it using your GUI package manager, or with the following commands:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install filelight


solved after, i changed nvidia prime profile to "On demand" option from "performance mode".


Sorting and moving a directory with files into subdirectories

If you need something simple, I would start with something like that :

cd <yourdir>
for f in *; do
  if [ -f "$f" ]; then
    mkdir -p "${f:0:1}"
    mv "$f" "${f:0:1}"
  fi
done
cd -

You go to you directory and for everything present in this directory :

you test if its a plain file (not a directory or something else),
make a subdirectory named after the first character of the filename (mkdir -p →  no error if it already exists)
move the file in the subdirectory

Finaly you go back to the directory you where before (cd -)


Bash script: Ouput missing from parallelized ssh

Thank you Doug Smythies, you provided the solution and thanks to you, too, pLumo, you posted the key error message.
I was in fact hitting MaxStartups 10:30:60 where 10 is "Number of unauthenticated connections before we start dropping"
(Quote: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4812134/in-sshd-configuration-what-does-maxstartups-103060-mean)
The error message received when hitting that limit (which I threw away..) is
ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host.
Increasing the limit to 30 and restarting sshd resolves the issue.
Increasing MaxSessions to 30 did not have any effect. Neither negatively when MaxSessions was increased nor positively with the default settings for MaxSessions.
Thank you again! Resolving this showed me that I didn't do anything fundamentally wrong when I used parallelization. Now I can focus on the tasks I really want to parallelize :)


See my answer to this U&L Q&A titled: Run CentOS 6 from a USB flash drive. There is an application that you can use called unetbootin which can assist in the creation of the USB boot media. I've used in dozens of times and it works flawlessly.


How to convert LaTex to PDF using terminal?

Your LaTeX file needs the file spie.cls. Install the package texlive-publishers which provides this file.


Ubuntu Studio 14: Suddenly no sound from jack

Go on system monitor. Find the process named "jackd" end it. This worked for me


If your BIOS fails to find a bootable drive, typically it will revert to the original boot configuration.

Which boot option are you selecting when selecting your boot device?  USB has three different labels in most BIOS I have used, and you have to use USB-HDD label when selecting a bootable usb.

If that doesn't work, try rearranging the boot priority of devices in your BIOS. Add as many devices as possible to the list of bootable devices; and put the HDD with OS installed on it at the bottom of the boot order.  Then when you restart, it will automatically boot from anything other than the HDD if possible.  But you gotta remember to change it back later!


Download the current stable version of Clonezilla (the iso file), and create a USB boot drive or CD boot disk. Boot from it and let Clonezilla do the job for you.

I suggest that you run at beginner level (I do that too after a few years). Make a compressed image of the whole drive. The image is a directory with a number of files, and Clonezilla can restore the system into the same drive or a new drive of at least the same size.

See this link: clonezilla.org

-o-

Please notice that you should backup to another drive, either connected via the network in another computer or via USB or eSATA in the same computer.


Insert a unicode character via keyboard shortcut, xmodmap chooser not working

This question is really old, and the only reason I'm here is because of an online search term query, which led me into some of my own correlation and research, so I'll be brief in my answer.

I've read it on the Arch Wiki, and there seems to be a known issue. Apparently, there is some kind of incompatibility regarding US keyboard layouts and the 3rd Level. The only way to use the 3rd level seems to be by using the International US layout, which can by done by typing setxkbmap -layout 'us(intl)' in the Terminal, or setting it permanently through the Xorg configuration files.

This was written in the best interest of anyone else searching for the same answer. Hope this helps those in the future. If this does not answer your question, the answer may be within the Xorg settings.


How to add the GRUB password protection to the OS load process instead of when editing boot options

I have never done this, but hopefully this is what you're looking for.

10.2.7. Setting a Boot Password

Even before the operating system is booted, GRUB2 enables access to file systems. Users without root permissions can access files in your Linux system to which they have no access once the system is booted. To block this kind of access or to prevent users from booting certain operating systems, set a boot password.

[Important]    Boot Password and Splash Screen:

If you use a boot password for GRUB2, the usual splash screen is not displayed.

As the user root, proceed as follows to set a boot password:

At the root prompt, encrypt the password using grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2:

# grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2
Password: ****
Reenter password: ****
PBKDF2 hash of your password is grub.pbkdf2.sha512.10000.9CA4611006FE96BC77A...

Paste the encrypted long string into the file /etc/grub.d/40_custom together with the set superusers command. Remember to keep the commented lines at the beginning:

set superusers="root"
password_pbkdf2 root grub.pbkdf2.sha512.10000.9CA4611006FE96BC77A...

Run grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg to import the changes into the main configuration file.

After you reboot, you will be prompted for username and password when trying to boot any menu entry. Enter root and the password you typed during the grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2 command. If the credentials are correct, the system will boot the selected boot entry.

doc.opensuse.org - Chapter 10. The Boot Loader GRUB2: 10.2.7. Setting a Boot Password (altered slightly for Ubuntu)


Find and replacement of the numerical part of a particular string with increased value using terminal command

You can use the following perl oneliner to do the transformation:

echo "test00.dat test09.dat aram22.dat" | perl -pe 's/test\K(\d+)/sprintf "%02d", $1+1/eg'

Result:

test01.dat test10.dat aram22.dat

To use your input file:

$ perl -pe 's/test\K(\d+)/sprintf "%02d", $1+1/eg' your_file
test01.dat test08.dat test04.dat
aram22.dat test10.dat aram09.dat
test14.dat


Insert output from txt file as next command

Commands in a text file can be executed with the sh command. For example:
sh info.txt

Some other alternative forms with slightly different effects are:
.  info.txt

or
source  info.txt

Note that, the text file (info.txt in your example) is called a script file  and all the contents of this file will be executed by the the sh command. In other words, the text file may contain more than one command (typically one per line) and all these commands will be executed sequentially.
The script file may contain extra control flow commands (conditional, looping, subroutine calling, etc.) that will be processed by the shell interpreter. To find out the currently used shell interpreter use the ps command. At the end of the line following the header you will see the shell interpreter, which is typically bash or sh.
For more information, you should Google "bash programming" or "shell programming".


Google Chrome 44.0.2403.89-1 crashes Ubuntu

normal user prompt I typed

google-chrome --disable-gpu

it worked and context menu showing up normal. Also under system chrome settings uncheck Use hardware acceleration when available option


Smart SVN opens instead of Nautilus when click on a file system folder in dash or wherever under Ubuntu 16.04

Open a ~/.local/share/applications/defaults.list and comment this section:

x-directory/normal assignment in [Default Applications]

Like this:

[Default Applications]
#x-directory/normal=smartsvn-9_2.desktop

This annoying behavior is gone.


Looking for a tool that finds quickly the duplicates of a known file

A loop approach:
b="$(md5sum file_to_find.txt | cut -d' ' -f1)"

shopt -s globstar

for f in ~/Large_directory/**/*.txt; do
  [[ "$(md5sum "$f" | cut -d' ' -f1)" = "$b" ]] && realpath "$f"
done


Not really. The closest thing I can think of is an add-on to Thunderbird that mirrors the Lightning calendar to Evolution; you can get it from here: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/thunderbird/addon/9656/
However, it's a one way sync (TB->Evolution).


How can I run an AMP stack on Ubuntu for Android?

You could buy ksweb on play store. It supports apache, mysql, and php. But you need to install phpmyadmin  to create and use a database. You will have a 3 day trial of the full version (without any restrictions in functionality). If you love it, you can buy it through the option button.


How to enable root password in Ubuntu 12.04

Using sudo will never ask for the root password. It will only ever ask for your password. That's the whole point of how it works.

You can set the password for the root user, but sudo su will never ask for it.


Ubuntu 16.10 onward and derivatives do not query assigned DNS

Bug report has been submitted, here -  https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+bug/1862437


You have good question. And i confirm that i have same behaviour of Neg and OBS on Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS.

Unfortunately, Compiz developement for Ubuntu stops after 10.04 LTS, so no any bug reports or feature requests about Compiz going to be solved anymore. Even worse, Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and 14.04 LTS are lack of Compiz Color Filter, which will solve your task with ease (and a lot more).

So currently there is no direct solution for you. But there is two more or less useful workarounds.

Use any black window or picture as background, and from OBS, use Opacity instead of Brightness, on your target window. I use it and it work well, but weird when many windows opened.
There is a way exist to modify Neg filter so it can dim the window, but only by a fixed amount...

A system without CCF is not useable for me. So i take some developement [1]. Finally i found a nice way to emulate CCF using Neg. And also, long lasting error with incorrect color inversion (Windows(R)-like inversion or simple RGB-inversion) was fixed by me. How to obtain it:

WARNING, not for production machines. Try first on test machine!

Check you have correct version, both outputs should match:

$ compiz --version
Compiz 0.9.11.3

$ dd if=/usr/lib/compiz/libneg.so bs=1 skip=46052 count=505

void neg_fragment () {
    vec3 color = vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0) - gl_FragColor.rgb;
    gl_FragColor = vec4(color, gl_FragColor.a);
}
 18PluginClassHandlerI9NegWindow10CompWindowLi0EE18PluginClassHandlerI9NegScreen10CompScreenLi0EEN10CompAction9ContainerE9NegScreen9NegWindowN10CompPlugin24VTableForScreenAndWindowI9NegScreen9NegWindowLi0EEE15NegPluginVTable
505+0 records in
505+0 records out

Create file neg-patch. Note, '1.0' is brightness you need:

void neg_fragment(){;
float l,d,i,a;
vec3 t;
i=gl_FragColor.r;
i=min(i,gl_FragColor.g);
i=min(i,gl_FragColor.b);
a=gl_FragColor.r;
a=max(a,gl_FragColor.g);
a=max(a,gl_FragColor.b);
l=i+a;
d=1.0-l;
t=vec3(gl_FragColor.r+d,gl_FragColor.g+d,gl_FragColor.b+d)*1.0;
gl_FragColor=vec4(t,gl_FragColor.a);
}

Backup:

sudo cp /usr/lib/compiz/libneg.so /usr/lib/compiz/libneg.so.bk

Patch:

printf '\0\0' >> neg-patch; cat neg-patch | sudo dd of=/usr/lib/compiz/libneg.so bs=1 seek=46052 conv=notrunc

And check:

$ dd if=/usr/lib/compiz/libneg.so bs=1 skip=46052 count=505

Restart and viola, it should work. Sometimes it even takes to work immediately. We build our own CCF filter!

And it all shows that all functionality need to implement CCF is exist inside current Compiz. So there is no real reason to remove so useful CCF from Ububtu's Compiz, except lazyness?

This solution is also compatible with melatonine/cold/warm color effects as described in lian1238's posts in [1]. Note you should never exceed 500 bytes size of your neg-patch file!

Hope it helps.

-jpka

[1] http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1419702


Don't know if this is on-topic but according to Mozilla

Enter about:profiles in address bar
Create a new profile and then close firefox
Paste your old profile files in the new profile folder replacing any files there
Start firefox and you can set the new profile as default by going back to step 1


Where do I suggest something related to the default GTK theme(s)?

On the light-themes page at Launchpad.

If it's possibly an error, file a bug report. If it's a change you wish to see, file the report as a wishlist.


How to determine lxc-container backing store type (directory / btrfs / aufs etc.)?

When a container is created, there is a configuration file that is also created. The configuration file defines certain settings within the container. For LXC containers this is stored, by default under

/var/lib/lxc/YourContainerName-foo/config              (for privileged containers).

and

~/.local/share/lxc/YourContainerName-foo/config       (for unprivileged containers).

The default backing store for lxc containers is a directory based file system named dir, this means that a particular file system is not defined. The 'none' option acts as an alias for dir. If dir is the defined backing store, then the container's root file system will be located at usr/local/var/lib/lxc/YourContainerName-foo/rootfs and ext4 will be used as the root filesystem.

The place to check the type of backing store in use for each container would be in the config file mentioned above under /var/lib/lxc/container/config.

Under the section "Container specific configuration", there is a line that defines the rootfs.backend.

eg.
lxc.rootfs.backend = lvm

lxc.rootfs.backend = dir

lxc.rootfs.backend = btrfs

etc.

Another method that can be used but not as reliable, is to use the df -Th command in a shell prompt, from inside the lxc container. This will allow you to not only check the status of the disk's space but will also show the file system type. The output can be misleading when trying to determine the file system backing store because dir will use ext4 and LVM will use ext3. i.e. the df output would show as ext3, even though lvm is also used.

Hope this helps


Ubuntu GUI via VNC or XRDP from MacOSX in AWS EC2

I would go with XRDP if I were you my friend as in Trusty, VNC isn't working correctly (I am having trouble with it myself). Also as you're workplace employes Windows, it would be better to use XRDP instead of VNC according to this answer:

https://superuser.com/questions/32495/whats-the-difference-between-rdp-vs-vnc

which states that:

*RDP is semantic. The RDP is aware of controls, fonts, and other similar graphical primitives. This means that when rendering a screen across a network, this information is used to compress the data stream significantly. For instance, if you know that this region of the screen if occupied by a button, with the color grey, then you don't need to send an image of the button across the network, but merely information such as location of this button, size and color.

VNC is "dumb" in this respect, and largely functions by sending the actual images across the network.
RDP is tightly coupled to the Windows platform, where as VNC is availble for most platforms. RDP is also seen as far more performant then VNC, due to the semantic advantadge.*


Can not boot into Ubuntu after BIOS Update (Dual Boot)

Have you tried Boot Repair utility?

Use these commands to install:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

And then, launch it with boot-repair command and choose "Recommended repair".


Install Ubuntu 14.04 abort due to weired mouse move with ASUS R409C

The only solution right now is to use an external mouse.

This problem with the touchpad affects several users of Asus X550CA / X550LC / X450L / X450CC and probably other models.

You can subscribe to this bug on Launchpad in order to be notified when something new concerning this issue is posted, and maybe provide information in order to help debug this issue.


The answer is simple:

Remove the packages you don't want using apt-get, synaptic package manager or the Software Center.
open APT's 01autoremove file by issuing the command

sudo -H gedit /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01autoremove

Navigate to the bottom of the section titled Never-MarkAuto-Sections and add an entry to the section. In my case to block GRUB I entered grub.*;.  The contents of the modified file is at the bottom of this page.

You will enter the package name or portion of package names, including using .* to mean any characters. In my case grub.* blocks all packages that start with the word grub.

When you next open the update utility it will not show the option to upgrade or update the software  that you chose to block.

My /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01autoremove file:

APT
{
 NeverAutoRemove  {
  "^linux-firmware$";
  "^linux-image.*";   "^linux-restricted-modules.*";
  "^linux-ubuntu-modules-.*";
 };
 Never-MarkAuto-Sections
 {   "metapackages";
  "restricted/metapackages";
  "universe/metapackages";
  "multiverse/metapackages";
  "oldlibs";
  "restricted/oldlibs";
  "universe/oldlibs";
  "multiverse/oldlibs";
  "grub.*";
 };
};


Is there any way to back up the critical (non-data) bits of a 120TB ext4 drive to assist in future recovery?

In Linux (but also in Windows), you can divide your disk into multiple partitions and backup just some partitions.

Create a separate partition for your static media files and keep the system in another partition. The system partition could take 10–20 GB in such a setup which would be quite easy to backup.

If your media files belong to user contents, consider creating a separate home partition, see How to create a separate home partition after installing Ubuntu under single / partition. If they are placed in another location (e.g. /var), you can create a new mount point similarly.


Is triple monitor possible with Intel HD 3000?

According to Intel's FAQ on the HD 3000 the answer is no.

  Can I output video to three display devices, not just two? No. Intel®
  graphics products can output to one or two display devices at the same
  time. More than two display devices can be physically connected, but
  only two display devices can be used at any time.


Are there any security suites available for Ubuntu?

Recommended reading:

Ubuntu Security Guides
Linux malware - Wikipedia


--source-port and -destination-port (and their short forms) are provided by the tcp extension (and some other extensions). Extensions are documented in the iptables-extensions man page.


Run a program with optirun by default (Bumblebee)

If there is an icon for the program available in the launcher and/or dash you can simply adapt the .desktop file to always use optirun. A simple way to change the respective command line is to use the alacarte tool.


Compare your
 sudo sed -i ‘s/3389/3390/g’ /etc/xrdp/xrdp.ini

vs the correct
 sudo sed -i 's/3389/3390/g' /etc/xrdp/xrdp.ini

Check the different type of quotes.
Be careful when copy-pasting from document editors like Writer or  Word, those will often automatically change quotes (and other things) to match your locals.


The real version of Ubuntu on Chromebook is called Chrubuntu.

I have done this, and even got it working great, but after a few months it wouldn't boot. There's no way I can tell you how to do it in one post. Go for it, but remember it's imperfect. Here's the most important resource:

reddit.com/r/chrubuntu

However, I'm going to say that you shouldn't do this. It's a hassle (think 8 hours of setup time), when another distro now supports Chromebooks out of the box. You can use pendrive linux's universal installer to install the Chromebook flavor of Bodhi linux, and you'll find yourself probably much more at ease

Make sure you get the chromebook flavor: http://bodhilinux.com
Of course you still have to configure the Chromebook itself to allow it:
http://jeffhoogland.blogspot.com/2014/01/howto-bodhi-linux-on-acer-c720.html


VirtualBox runs as root, Critical Error as user

Deleting ~/.config/VirtualBox should solve your problem.

Delete is using rm -r ~/.config/VirtualBox and start you virtual box.
`


apt-build on ubuntu, if I change processor will give problem?

On installing apt-build, you set the parameters for optimization. You can check what this are currently by running:

cat /etc/apt/apt-build.conf

Which in my case gives:

build-dir = /var/cache/apt-build/build
repository-dir = /var/cache/apt-build/repository
Olevel = -O2
mtune = -mtune=i586
options = " "
make_options = " -j4"

So you can see mine is optimized of i586 architecture, as this computer has a Intel i5 processor (I think i586 is right for this type - seems to work).

It also depends on what you set here:

So if your apt-build settings are set to Strong, they are less likely to work.

If you want to change the settings you set, you can do that simply by running:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure apt-build

So as long as your processor is better than the old one, it might be fine...


Your dash doesn't work because you specifically told it not to install recommended packages.

sudo apt-get install unity-lens-applications unity-lens-files unity-lens-music unity-lens-video unity-scope-musicstores unity-scope-video-remote

This should pull in the packages you need.


Well, I think maybe you ran something a bit more malicious than what your posting in your question. Here's a screen shot of what apt wants do when I run sudo apt-get install libqt4-dev intltool

It isn't removing any package already on the system. These both appear to be development tools; one for XML and the other for qt.

Maybe, when you copy and pasted from the internet you got more than you expected.

We can check the history of apt-get by following these instructions:

  All actions with apt (apt-get) are logged. These files are available
  in /var/log/apt/. To view the most recent history log, execute:

  less /var/log/apt/history.log

  These logs gets rotated (every month I guess), old files will be
  suffixed with a number and compressed. So to view the next history
  log, use:

  zless /var/log/apt/history.log.1.gz

  To view the logs available:

  ls -la /var/log/apt/

Quoted from Lekensteyn at How do I show apt-get package management history via command line?

If you insist that sudo apt-get install libqt4-dev intltool is what messed up your system after looking at the logs, then we can still try something to fix it.

You already ran sudo apt-get remove libqt4-dev intltool which should uninstall the packages from your system, but we can also purge the files completely.

Just to be sure, lets go ahead and purge all the extra stuff apt installed too.

sudo apt-get purge autoconf automake autotools-dev intltool libencode-locale-perl
  libfile-listing-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl
  libhtml-tree-perl libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-date-perl
  libhttp-message-perl libhttp-negotiate-perl libio-html-perl
  liblwp-mediatypes-perl liblwp-protocol-https-perl libnet-http-perl
  libqt4-dev libqt4-dev-bin libqt4-qt3support libwww-perl
  libwww-robotrules-perl libxml-parser-perl m4 qt4-default qt4-linguist-tools
  qt4-qmake


Dell XPS 13 7390 Dual boot Window 10 and Ubuntu 20.04

I fixed it.
I did the computer set-up correctly, but there was something wrong with the USB drive. I tested it on another computer and it wouldn't show up.
If the bootable USB works it should pop up as an option. If it doesn't, it might be corrupt like mine was so I learned I always need to test! Even if it seems like it works.


How to change to other desktop environment on VNC sessions?

It should be sufficient to create a suitable ~/.vnc/xstartup file in your account on the remote host, including the line

gnome-session --session=your-preferred-session &

For example, a minimal file for a gnome-classic session might be

#!/bin/sh

#Uncommment this line if using Gnome and your keyboard mappings are incorrect.
#export XKL_XMODMAP_DISABLE=1

# Load X resources (if any)
if [ -r "$HOME/.Xresources" ]
then
        xrdb "$HOME/.Xresources"
fi

gnome-session --session=gnome-classic &

The text of your-preferred-session will depend on what desktop packages you have installed - which you can check by looking in the /usr/share/xsessions directory i.e.

$ ls /usr/share/xsessions/
awesome.desktop        gnome-classic.desktop  gnome-fallback.desktop
gnome.desktop          gnome-shell.desktop     ubuntu-2d.desktop     xfce.desktop

The xstartup file can also be used to start non-gnome desktop sessions, for example

if which startxfce4 > /dev/null; then
    exec startxfce4
fi


Ssh to server in local wifi network without router access

Your WiFi is behind a NAT and uses private, non-routable IP addresses (e.g. 192.168.x.x). So you can't access your internal network from the Internet (this is a security feature).

You can't really access your internal network from the outside without port forwarding or a VPN.

Forwarding a port is configuring your router so that a port on the internet side (all ports are normally closed, so no inbound connections are accepted) accepts incoming connections and transfers them to a system on the internal network side. How you do this depends on your router.

You'll need to forward port 22, but it could be your ISP blocks connections to that port. If so, select another port (e.g. 2222) above port 1024 (all below 1024 are reserved). You'll also have to secure your system strongly, as it is now open to the internet. So you'll have to configure, at the least, your firewall and secure your openSSH system.

Also, you probably have a dynamic IP address, so you will need something like Dynamic DNS to tie your (changing) IP address to a domain name. Otherwise, you'll have to remember which IP you are using.

If you want to use a VPN, you'll have to create a VPN server (e.g. on a VPS) and connect both your desktop and your mobile system to that VPN server. Internally, you will have to configure a network so they can access each other. You can do this with OpenVPN. You won't have to do port forwarding, but it is not easy to configure. I would not recommend this unless you have some experience with networking and server administration.


lspci -v | less

Search for VGA or Graphics


Installed multiboot Ubuntu 16.04 crashed ( after a half hour of browsing with Firefox )

The fact that Windows works well indicates a software problem, but it could be a hardware problem too, for example if the computer is running hotter and/or uses more power with Ubuntu.

You can try with an Ubuntu flavour with a lighter desktop environment.

Lubuntu with the ultra light LXDE
Ubuntu MATE with medium light MATE
Xubuntu with the medium light XFCE

Try Ubuntu (Kubuntu, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, ...) before installing it

You can also check if the RAM is good. Boot the computer into BIOS mode and run memtest (one of the options from the boot menu in BIOS mode). Let it run overnight. One error is too much.

A clean computer runs cooler. I would open the computer and clean it from dust. You can use compressed air to remove the dust. (A vacuum-cleaner might work too if you are very careful, but many people warn that it creates static electricity, and it might destroy the computer.)

It is also important to provide space around the computer for the air flow.


How to check if installing a package will require a reboot?

There's no flag of sorts on packages that indicate that a reboot is required if the package is installed or updated. So, short answer: you can't.

However, you could extract the .deb files of the package before installing or updating to see if a reboot notification is made in the DEBIAN/postinst script. For example, the postinst script in the linux-image-*.deb packages execute the /usr/share/update-notifier/notify-reboot-required script, which in turn creates the /var/run/reboot-required file. Other postinst scripts may use the same method to indicate a necessary reboot, but there's no enforcement of a default method of getting to the creation of the /var/run/reboot-required file. It might be that a package is maintained by someone who isn't really into doing things like other maintainers do, and decides that the reboot notification can also be done in another script, like DEBIAN/preinst. So, long answer: you can, but it'll be a real nightmare to implement and maintain a way to detect all possible reboot notifications.


How do I deploy multiple stacks in an environment?

Yuu can explicitly name services in juju. So for for example instead of:

juju deploy haproxy
juju deploy mysql

you can just name them whatever you want:

juju deploy haproxy mynewproxy
juju deploy mysql dbserver2

or whatever fits your model. You just need to remember to add-relation based on name after that, so: juju add-relation mynewproxy dbserver2

It's awesome that you're using juju for this, if you want to give us some feedback on how it's working out for you please send a post to the juju mailing list.


Is it possible to connect to multiple VPN networks at once via Network Manager?

With 12.10 (network-manager 0.9.6), you can connect to multiple VPNs using the network settings:

System settings (gnome-control-center)
Network
Select each VPN and set it to "on".

You can also use the nmcli tool; see http://cweiske.de/tagebuch/networkmanager-vpn.htm for more information.


#!/bin/bash

pvcreate /dev/md5 && echo "pvcreate succeeded" || echo "pvcreate failed"

vgcreate vg0 /dev/md5 && echo "vgcreate succeeded" || echo "vgcreate failed"

lvcreate -L 200MB vg0 -n test && echo "lvcreate succeeded" || echo "lvcreate failed"

Logical AND && part will be executed only if the command succeeded(true) else Logical OR || (false) part will be executed.


An(GUI) application like lan surfer or advanced ip scanner in Ubuntu?

You can use Nmap.

  Nmap ("Network Mapper") is a free and open source (license) utility
  for network discovery and security auditing. Many systems and network
  administrators also find it useful for tasks such as network
  inventory, managing service upgrade schedules, and monitoring host or
  service up-time.1

To install Nmap, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the commands below:

sudo apt-get install nmap

Or you can download it Here

For a GUI solution, you can use Zenmap.  Zenmap is the official cross-platform GUI for the Nmap Security Scanner.

To install,  just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the commands below:

sudo apt-get install zenmap

Or install from the Ubuntu Software Center.

1Source:Nmap


Setting up partitions when installing Ubuntu 14.04.1

you have 2 options if you don't want lose your previous data or OS.

You need know that the maximum number of primary partitions on a disk is 4.

So, this is what I would do :

Backup contents of DATA partition
In Ubuntu installer select Custom partitioning
Erase DATA Partition
Create an extended partiotion and inside of the extended partition I would create the following partitions:

A. DATA PARTITION

B. SWAP PARTITION for Ubuntu (4 GB for example)

C. EXT PARTITION for Ubuntu O.S


Cannot play YouTube "Live" vidoes with Firefox 79.0 (64-bit)

The OP found that by configuring Multiverse reference here and installing ubuntu-restricted-extras:
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

that the issue was resolved.


I am an Ubuntu Core Developer, Ubuntu Server developer and a developer on the Canonical Server Team.

Yes, Xenial Xerus, scheduled for 16.04 LTS, will use dpkg as normal. While we continue to develop Snappy, including for Ubuntu Server users, Snappy will not replace the regular apt and dpkg based server release in Xenial.


Wifi on Lenovo N581 blocks other wifi clients

I think the correct driver for your device is not wl but brcmsmac. Please open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get reomve --purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo modprobe -r wl
sudo modprobe brcmsmac

It may take a reboot. Is the behavior improved?

Get brcmsmac to load on boot with:

 sudo -i
 echo brcmsmac >> /etc/modules
 exit


If I'm not mistaken, it should be the Address shown when issuing

sudo iwlist scanning

E.g.:

wlan0     Scan completed :
          Cell 01 - Address: 00:11:22:33:44:55
                    Channel:5
                    Frequency:2.432 GHz (Channel 5)
                    Quality=70/70  Signal level=-33 dBm
                    Encryption key:on
                    ESSID:"the_known_ssid"
                    Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s
                              24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
                    Bit Rates:6 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s
                    Mode:Master
                    ...


Installing ubuntu 11.04 fails on Dell M6600

-1) Back up your important data and do a fresh install. OR

-2) Reinstall the Synaptics touchpad drivers.

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-synaptics-dev

and reboot. If still need resolve then:

modprobe -r psmouse

modprobe psmouse proto=imps


Which is more advisable for Plex Media Server? The Server or Desktop edition?

Personally, I've tried both in a home server context and I stick with Desktop now.
There's nothing I've lacked on the desktop version and I get to use the graphical environment I know and love.

If you're still using the external HDD in it's NAS capacity, the only issue I've had is permanently mounting SMB shares in Linux. I'm having difficulty getting the user accounts to line up (there's supposed to auto match up by user account name, but in my situation, they don't)

If you're dedicating it behind the server (USB or just putting it inside the machine) you will of course have no such issues.

If, in the future, you're looking for a really sorted NAS, I recommend anything by Synology.

Except of course I can't get the SMB share permissions to work yet.

I probably should just use NFS.


Needing guidance on making a simple daemon for unity notifications in a python app

Daemons are usually run by root (although they sometimes change the user under they run).

For a normal notification you don't need to create a daemon, just create a normal program and let it run at the start of a session. This way it will run with user privileges, and you will run a separate instance for each user.

I have done this program, it's a bit more complex than what you need, as it uses different libraries to run in different systems but it is quite simple and maybe a good example.


A brief commentary of my experience on installing Ubuntu 12.04 in a Bangho Futura 1500 i3-560 notebook.

First of all, after installation the system works fine and fast. No popups telling you that something has gone wrong or asking you to send a report to the development team, or just informing that Unity has closed unexpectedly... again. Intel HM65 video card seems to work fine and doesn't requiere additional drivers. The same goes for the soundcard.

Then: components such as mousepad, bluetooth, webcam, wifi & keyboard special keys works out-of-the-box.

Some hardware sepcs:

Processor: Intel Corei3 Serie 2300
RAM: 4Gb. DDR3.
HD: SATA 500Gb.
Chipset: Intel HM65
Video: Intel HM65 (up to 1748MB)
Network: 10/100/1000, Wireless 802.11b/g/n