Secure boot forces both Windows and Ubuntu to require that all system level drivers are "signed", proving that they approved as authentic software. The idea is fairly good, and on Windows, Microsoft signs most of the drivers.

However, on Ubuntu, the user may require special drivers for their wireless card, video card, or specialty hardware. These drivers are normally unsigned, as they can come from a number of different sources. If secure boot is enabled, and the drivers are not signed, these drivers will not load. In order for them to load, each driver must be "signed". This process of signing the drivers is not extremely difficult, but it can be a hassle... especially if you change/update the driver, or change/update the kernel software that is a part of Ubuntu. Each change will require that you resign the driver.

So, imagine this... your system is running fine... you have secure boot enabled... your drivers are all properly signed... and you use Ubuntu's Software Updater and it installs a new kernel... or you install a new driver... and you reboot the system only to find that your wireless card may no longer work, your video card doesn't display properly, or your specialty hardware no longer works. Now you must recompile and resign all of the modules again. Not fun.

On my own system, I use 5 custom DKMS driver modules that would require resigning after every Ubuntu kernel update. Oh my.

Short story... disable secure boot and be happy. Windows won't care, and Ubuntu will survive software updates and driver installs with less work on your part.


Boot entry is corrupted.
Use a BCD boot manipulation tool for creating a new entry.
I suggest EasyBCD. You can download a free version.
Create a new boot entry and check it multiple time for working correctly.
If it works, remove previous old bad boot entry.
Please note that required boot files is located on root of your boot partition.

UPDATE:
After little joojling (googling ;) ) i found this very helpful link about restoring Wubi boot entry using EasyBCD and some CMD command.

Good luck!


Get a good sysadmin, that's the only way to protect from external and internal threat.
Paranoid talking: encrypt postgresql, use HTTPS, if possible use it in LAN only otherwise install gateway and use VPN only, use captive portal, upgrade to Ubuntu Server 14.04 LTS (then install the desktop on top of it), make sure all updates run automatically by cronjobs (all means ubuntu, openerp, postgresql, python, etc).
Captive portal, use pfsense or untangled gateway (until Ubuntu has its match)
Use cron, compress with bzip tar & copy entire openerp file and postgresql data.
No idea what proxy you're talking about, sorry.
yes. google: "cups security configuration"


What does the unity/compiz error "FBO is incomplete" mean and how can I fix it?

This is how I fixed things for me.

I dropped to tty1 using ctrl+alt+F1 and typed DISPLAY=:0 ccsm ctrl+alt+F7 I switched back and using CCSM I was able to enable to the Unity plugin for compiz and disable Framebuffer Object in the OpenGL plugin.

Then back to tty1 and

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop

I rebooted and everything is working fine.


What program did you use to burn the image?  I know most programs do not create an EFI bootable disk.

You can either use one that does (what OS are you on now?)

Or disable EFI and boot from Legacy BIOS (note that if you do this, you cannot switch back without re-installing or staying in legacy)


Eventually i worked out how to reset the root password on the vodafone webbook on9 running ubuntu 10.04 (should work for other versions too).

remove battery. this exposes a tiny slide switch. push switch to left (i used a toothpick). this puts the webbook into cdrom mode. Replace battery.
power up and wait 15 secs or so. you now get a series of questions about configuring a cdrom (don't worry, i don't have one either!) the answers are: No, No and Continue. You get to a menu labeled 'Ubuntu Installer main menu'.
Choose the last but one menu item 'Execute a shell' You get a message about running 'ash', select 'Continue'. You are now in a normal root shell (note: this mini OS is running on a ram disk, you can't see your hard disk yet).
Now mount your hard disk: keyin 'mount /dev/mmcblk0p3 /mnt' (it took me ages to find that hard disk link!)
Change your effective root directory to the hard drive. Keyin 'chroot /mnt'
Now change your password. Keyin 'passwd' and enter the new root password twice (note, it doesn't echo your password keystrokes). After the second entry it should say "password updated successfully".
You can change other users' passwords by entering 'passwd username'. I did do this but my username didn't work because, i think, my root partition is full.
Keyin 'exit' twice, this takes you back to the Ubuntu Installer main menu. Now choose the bottom option 'Abort the Installation'. Say 'Yes' to 'Are you sure you want to exit now?' And the system shuts down. Power webbook off before it reboots.
Remove battery, push switch to right and replace battery.
Boot as normal. If your login window does not have the root user, choose 'Other', keyin 'root' plus the password you set.

I hope this helps.


it might be that Ubuntu would be running slowly on your system. I think Ubuntu (with Unity) is too much too handle for your computer to run smoothly.

I recommend to check out Xubuntu or Lubuntu. It is basically Ubuntu with a more lightweight window manager. Those distros should run perfectly on your computer.

Xubuntu: http://xubuntu.org/

Lubuntu: http://lubuntu.net/


Ubuntu 14.04: Cannot change screen resolution

Method 1: Disable Unknown Display

Click the Unknown Display Box and below it's on, turn it Off and Apply, Every time you Install Ubuntu for the first Time the Cause is Unknown Display.

Method 2: Changing Display Driver to X.Org

If you encountering Problems but the First Method doesn't Work, Try this Method

Open System Settings

once opened you will see some options, Click Software & Updates

and then Additional Drivers Section. Tick the "Using X.Org X Server" and Apply Changes Once applied Reboot. and Try changing the Resolution.

My Experience

I'm Having Problem with the brightness when NVIDIA Driver is in Use and when trying to Enter a Command for a Solution and rebooted the Brightness is remain the same,So i try changing to X.Org and it Worked!


Will upgrade to 16.04.1 LTS re-enable Network Manager from 14.04?

The install will prompt you when it detects configuration files that has been customized by the user.  It'll prompt you white options that includes retaining your custom version, installing the distribution version, or seeing the difference between the two.  Choose the appropriate one.

An upgrade will retain your configuration.  Some of your /etc/apt/sources.list entries may be disabled.  And some applications that you installed may not be installed after the upgrade.  You can go back and examine the sources.list file and reenable the repositories you need.  Then reinstall the applications that didn't carry over.

As far as networkmanager, if you have configured your network by editing the /etc/network/interfaces file, NetworkManager will be disabled for that particular interface.

I believe it's Version 16.04 where the default naming of the network adapter names changed from the eth0, /eth1,  type to a name similar to  enp1s0.  Just look at your network configuration files (which will remain in tack if you choose to keep your version) and replace the old style name to the new style name.


GRUB menu shows on every boot despite /etc/default/grub settings

Open /etc/default/grub with your favorite text editor.
Make sure the following lines are not commented out or add them if they don't exist.

...
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
...

Finally run :

sudo update-grub


Time is not properly synchronised with Ubuntu

install ntp server:  sudo apt-get install ntp

and run sudo ntpdate ntp.ubuntu.com

Sources---> link and link


See http://w3m.sourceforge.net/MANUAL which shows to do / Ctrl-S.


PHP not working after updating from 5 to 7

Disable 5.6 mod first

sudo a2dismod php5.6

Now you should enable PHP7 ones:

sudo a2enmod php7.0

To reflect changes Apache restart is required:

sudo service apache2 restart


To delete a user from samba, just type

pdbedit -x -u username


I have installed python-doc. How can I access it?

To examine help for all installed modules

:~#python
>>>help()
help>modules word_in_modulname
help>module_name
help>quit
>>>help('module_name')
>>>dir('module_or_class')

is how you do it in the python shell.  One of those generates the output that shows you
where to point a web browser for the docs.

pydoc -p portnumber

Might be what you were looking for.  I'm assuming the answer wasn't sufficient yet.

If you want a gui, you might enjoy the package devhelp.


Why doesn't Ubuntu 18.04 show all available applications when you select "All", and how can you make it truly show all of them?

Both in Unity and in the GNOME Shell the Application Overview does not display applications: it displays .desktop files from a small set of directories, specifically /usr/share/applications and ~/.local/share/applications. Both Unity and GNOME Shell display all the .desktop files found in these locations which are consistent with being launched as applications and are not explicitly hidden.

What GNOME Shell has (by default), and Unity doesn't, is the ability to group some of the application icons into folders, similar to the way application icons are managed on a mobile phone. In particular, Image Viewer and Screenshot are by default placed in a folder named Utilities (or some other name in languages other than English). Click on this folder's icon in the Application Overview and it will open showing the application icons inside.

If you don't like application folders then it is not very difficult to make GNOME Shell forget about them.


Setting up Code Blocks with Irrlicht ubuntu 18.04: Trying to compile examples; many issues

First of all I recommend to download all the stuff from apt-repositories starting from  Irrlicht:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential libirrlicht-doc libirrlicht-dev \
libxxf86vm-dev libgl1-mesa-dev libxcursor-dev

If you need to compile stuff related to it you should install its build-dependencies too - at first enable Source Code repositories in Software and Updates (software-properties-gtk) and then:

sudo apt-get build-dep libirrlicht-dev

I do not have time to watch YouTube video.

So I recommend to compile some examples.  I hope it does not matter - from terminal or from CodeBlocks... You can start with Official Tutorials.

Your example may be used as follows:

cp -ar /usr/share/doc/libirrlicht-doc/examples ~/irrlicht-examples
cd ~/irrlicht-examples/03.CustomSceneNode
gunzip *.gz
ln -s /usr/include/irrlicht ../../include
codeblocks CustomSceneNode.cbp

In CodeBlocks press F9 for Build and Run. After compilation select Linux target and click OK.

and then a, Enter for OpenGL and get demo screen

The method above was tested on clean Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS.


How to delete a photo from Appearance Preferences's list?

From the Gnome Desktop User Guide:

Remove
Choose the image that you want to remove, then click Remove. This
removes the image from the list of available wallpapers; however, it does not delete the image from your computer.


How to tell sublime text not to open two windows

Try disabling the hot_exit and remember_open_files options in your sublime configuration (Preferences → Settings User):

{
  "hot_exit": false,
  "remember_open_files": false
}

Source: http://www.sublimetext.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&p=64602


Yes, you should be able to change your motherboard, cpu and ram, without needing to reinstall Ubuntu. I do however recommend a backup.


It's because the mysql installed in ubuntu takes over the port which will inturn block the mysql of xampp. try removing mysql completely from ubuntu and try again.
use following commands to uninstall mysql

sudo apt-get purge mysql*

sudo apt-get autoremove

sudo apt-get autoclean

and now start your xampp.It worked for me.


Cannot mount LUKS encrypted USB on boot after 12.10 upgrade

I had the issue that a previously mountable thing in 12.04 would not mount in 14.04 and it turned out to be a bug. The manual fix was to

$ sudo apt-get install cryptsetup

As this package does not get installed by default, but is required for mounting encrypted volumes. The error I was getting, for reference was:

  Error unlocking /dev/sdl1: Error spawning command-line `cryptsetup luksOpen "/dev/sdl1" "luks-b5479205-958b-43ad-9b73-nnnnnnnnnn" ': Failed to execute child process "cryptsetup" (No such file or directory) (g-exec-error-quark, 8)


Postman couldn't found in Unity launcher - Ubuntu 16.04

By what you say, you seem to be missing the desktop entry for your postman application (which, in fact, is already explained in the post you gave).

You only need to add the Postman.desktop entry file on your ~/.local/share/applications/ directory (or in the /usr/share/applications/ if you want it to be available for all users) and then reindex desktop entries (you can do so with Alt + F2 + r + Intro).

If the desktop entry file is correct, it should appear in your Unity panel.


Kubuntu 20.04 and ubuntustudio-installer problem at boot

I'm using the proprietary Nvidia driver, and ran into the exact same problem. I also started with a fresh Kubuntu from the ISO, followed by the ubuntustudio-installer.
I found that linux-modules-nvidia-390-5.4.0-37-generic was installed, but linux-modules-nvidia-390-5.4.0-37-lowlatency, linux-modules-nvidia-390-generic and linux-modules-nvidia-390-lowlatency were not.
First check what's installed:
dpkg --get-selections | grep "linux-modules-nvidia"

Then, install the corresponding non-version-specific metapackages for generic and lowlatency, which will pull in the proper dependencies. In my case:
sudo apt install linux-modules-nvidia-390-generic linux-modules-nvidia-390-lowlatency

(You may need to replace 390 with some other number.)


Storing website files in /usr/share/www/ instead of /var/www/

There's nothing forcing you to use either. You can define where you want your files to live. Some people move them under their user accounts, some people create a /srv/ directory... I've created a /websites/ directory.

/var/www/ is just a convention. You don't have to follow it.

Edit: /srv/ is actually a convention too, just not one Debian/Ubuntu follows currently.


Please try:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

Reboot and let us hear your report.


Why I can't use the CATALINA_HOME environment variable?

sudo ./startup.sh command will execute the startup.sh script in your current directory.

This you should do:

Add this line to /etc/profile for setting path while booting( Permanent change)

export CATALINA_HOME=/opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.24

To set path temporarily execute above command in the current shell.

and excute this:

sudo $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh


CUDA 6.5 not performing any computation under Ubuntu 14.04 64bit

For what is is worth:

  nvidia-smi

prints the same for me, the diff being facts:
I have a GTX 780 and nvidia-settings correctly tells I have version 340.17 of the drivers.

$ uname -a
Linux wkbox 3.16.0-031600-generic #201408031935 SMP Sun Aug 3 23:36:11 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Why does it say Not Supported for Compute processes?
Maybe just a 'less obvious' way to tell there are no running processes?

Have you checked this:
http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-getting-started-guide-for-linux/
... there seems to be some minute details on when to expect it to work or not.


Try this: /Home/leon/Documents/classes/*

Usually it is /home, not /home, you could also copy the file, and paste it into a text editor to get the path of a file.

You may be able to put ~/Documents/classes/* instead, as ~ represents /home/USERNAME.

Hope this helps


File Sharing Ubuntu Desktop 14.04 & OSX Mavericks

I have similar setup with Linux Mint & Mavericks and also went through your pain.

1st thing to check is that both machines can ping each other.
Try

-$ ping -c3 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

It might be helpful if you assign static IP's as well. Also, verify that SMB is the active share transport on the Mac (System Prefs/Sharing/options). AFP should not be necessary on the Mac. Still in preferences on the Mac, check file share permissions for the specific folders shared. You may need to create a user account on the Mac for your Linux users login.


Just sudo modprobe -r acer_wmi and sudo rfkill unblock all
Then to make it permanent echo "blacklist acer_wmi" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/acer-wmi.conf


Executing a .py on the startup to trigger a GPIO button

SOLVED!
Thanks to the @Ray comments, was enough to do this:
sudo nano /etc/profile

and add to the bottom of the file:
nohup /bin/bash /home/pi/listen_for_button.sh

Doing this, the ~/bashrc execute the .sh file in the background, with no output at all.
So the login process can continue smoothly and the .sh file act like if it is executed by the user <3
I hope that this can help someone else.
All the best


The output of apt-cache policy rsyslog says, rsyslog isn't installed on your system, therefore

sudo apt-get install rsyslog


Open Dash and search for Disks. Find your "D" drive and try to mount it.


Files and Folders are not opening in Ubuntu 20.04

This is file is contained in tracker package, you have to reinstall it with:
sudo apt-get install --reinstall tracker


What you are seeing is a feature that Mozilla has enabled in Firefox 26: click-to-play. (It has been available earlier but had to be enabled in about:config).

Click-to-play -- a security feature that requires users to authorize the use of a plug-in when a website or page element requires it -- has been adopted by other browsers as protection against a rising tide of exploits that leverage bugs in plug-ins, particularly Adobe's Flash Player and Oracle's Java.

Source
If you really don't want to see this security in action you can, at your own risk, go into about:addons and, in the plugins tab, change what you want to "Always Activate".
For more information look at Plugin Activation in Firefox written at the time the Aurora version was released:

To give people a better Firefox experience, we’re changing the way plugins work. Earlier this year we talked about our plan for putting users in control of their plugins.  We are now seeing these plans take shape in the latest version of Firefox Aurora. To give people more control over their browser, Firefox will no longer activate most plugins by default. When a site tries to use a plugin, the user will be able to choose whether to enable the plugin on that site.
A plugin is 3rd-party software which is loaded into the browser to assist in rendering the Web. Even though many users are not even aware of plugins, they are a significant source of hangs, crashes, and security incidents. By allowing users to decide which sites need to use plugins, Firefox will help protect them and keep their browser running smoothly.


Newbie - What are the pros & cons of using vim instead of gedit

For a lot of things in Linux we have a multitude of tools that can do the same but are for a different audience. When you have a server version and not a desktop gedit is not an option. You might not use a server version ever in your life but there is likely also someone else that will never use an Ubuntu desktop.
When you have trouble starting a desktop (for instance when your graphical driver bugs out) and you are left with a TTY login you basically are using the server part of Ubuntu. In that case you can still use an editor like vim or vi and not gedit.
The only downside to vim ... it has so so so many features and all of them linked to a keyboard shortcut it will take time to get proficient.


Keyboard LED panel indicator for Unity Desktop

Introduction

Disclaimer: I am the author of this indicator

The lks-indicator allows showing the status of all the lock keys , such as Caps, Num, and Scroll lock. By default it shows green icon when no keys are engaged, and switches to red if one or more is engaged, while also showing text representation of which key is active.

Usage:

As shown by -h option:

usage: lks-indicator [-h] [--show-all] [-m]
                     [--ignore-keys IGNORE_KEYS [IGNORE_KEYS ...]]

lks-indicator - Indicates on/off status of Lock keys.

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  --show-all            Show all keys in label
  -m, --monochrome      Use monochrome icon
  --ignore-keys IGNORE_KEYS [IGNORE_KEYS ...]
                        Ignore specified keys (C, N or S)

Starting the indicator via command line is simple:

python lks-indicator

Users can specify which keys to ignore , with multiple keys separated by spaces. For example,

python lks-indicator --ignore-keys N S

By default , indicator only shows text representation of keys when they are engaged. If you want to always show them use --show-all option.

Please use, Quit button to close the indicator, as Ctrl+C shortcut via command line doesn't work well with app-indicators

The indicator by default works with color icons, red and green, but there's also -m option to use monochrome icon.

Installation

git approach

For those who have git installed:

cd /opt
sudo git clone https://github.com/SergKolo/lks-indicator.git
chmod -R +x /opt/lks-indicator/

git will also allow keeping it updated easily with cd /opt/lks-indicator ; git pull , so I strongly recommend using this method.

Zip package approach:

Alternatively, you can download zip package and extract it where you see fit. Debian package is also available in the repository.

To make it start on every login into Unity , please consult this post: How do I start applications automatically on login?

Gnome Users : you will need AppIndicator Support installed , and optionally Gnome Tweak Tool. Otherwise the bracketed text wont be displayed, only red/green icon.

The indicator also has been tested in MATE and Ubuntu Kylin.


The error you're getting is not about an SSH Key pair but for the cloud providers Access Key and Secret key. If you're using Amazon you'll need to enter your Amazon AWS access and secret key in to your ~/.juju/environments.yaml file. Check the juju website for more information, and in particular the Juju EC2 Provider Getting Started guide if you are indeed using AWS/EC2


Is there a way to make nautilus run individual processes?

If your goal is to prevent new Nautilus windows from displaying as though they are separate applications in the Unity launcher, then making them actually be separate application instances would almost certainly not be helpful.

As others have said, launching separate Nautilus processes will probably not do what you want. For example, you would probably not be able to drag an icon from one Nautilus window to another.

However, if you want to do this, one simple way to achieve it is to install openssh-server and then use ssh -X to connect "remotely" to your own machine:

ssh -X localhost

(I had originally recommended ssh -c blowfish -X localhost for lower latency, but the blowfish cipher is no longer recommended or supported.)

Then, in this "remote" login session, run Nautilus:

nautilus

Again, I emphasize that this will probably not accomplish what you want. Also, please note that there are some security considerations when openssh-server is installed. By default all user accounts can log in, so they should have good passwords, or you should disable accounts that don't, or you can use a firewall to make it so that only connections on the loopback interface (i.e., from localhost to localhost) are allowed on port 22.


Is it safe to run tune2fs -l /dev/device on a mounted filesystem?

tune2fs -l /dev/device does read the superblock, so does not change anything on the file system. It probably is safe to use on a mounted volume. However, I found that I can accomplish the same thing with dumpe2fs -h, for which man pages explicitly document that it can work on mounted filesystems.


"5.1 surround sound is not currently supported while streaming on a computer using Microsoft Silverlight or HTML5. However, it is supported in the Netflix app for Windows 8 and Windows 10."

From here.


You are using two languages: Bash and AWK.

Bash (which is your shell) and AWK are both programming languages, and they both allow you to store data in variables. But variables in your shell and variables in AWK are completely separate. Furthermore, variables in AWK no longer exist after your AWK script finishes. That is, once your awk command is done running, your AWK variables are gone.

You can pass text of the form var=val as a command-line argument to the awk command. This assigns a variable in AWK. It does not affect shell variables in any way. When you use the -v option (e.g., -v var=val), that tells the awk command to assign the variable before it runs your AWK script, but it is still an AWK variable, not a shell variable.

Your goal is to assign text from a specific column of a matched line to a shell variable. You can do that. But first, let's solve a simpler problem. This command finds rows that start with john and displays the contents of the second column of each such row. If you have just one row that starts that way, it displays one item. If you have no such rows, it displays nothing, and if you have multiple rows that start with john, then it will display multiple items on separate lines:

awk -F '|' '/^john/ { print $2 }' sample.txt

The AWK script in that command is /^john/ {print $2}. I have enclosed it in single quotes (' ') so that it is treated as a single string, and not modified by the shell, before being passed to the awk command. Otherwise the shell would interpret the AWK script as five separate words and operators for the shell itself (not AWK), which would lead to it taking just /^john/ as the AWK script. Everything after it would be treated as filenames to pass to awk, which would not work. The shell would also expand $2, and would perform word splitting and filename expansion (globbing) on the result (though enclosing $2 in double quotes as in your question would prevent splitting and globbing). You don't want any of those things to happen. In general, it is a good idea to enclose your AWK scripts in single quotes so they are passed faithfully to the awk command.

With the sample.txt  file shown in your question, that command produces this output:

gold
silver

It prints text from two matching lines, rather than just one. Since you want just gold, you probably don't really want to match all lines that start with john. Instead, you probably want to match only lines where the entry in the first column is john exactly. (One of the benefits of solving a simpler version of a problem first is that it can help you to refine your knowledge of precisely what problem you want to solve.) You can select only lines whose first column entry is exactly john like this:

awk -F '|' '$1 == "john" { print $2 }' sample.txt

That displays:

gold

Now let's solve the full problem. Assigning to shell variables is not something that you can do in an AWK script. Not only is this not part of the AWK language, but the awk command would have to be implemented as a part of your shell in order for it to be possible. This doesn't mean you can't do what you want to do--you absolutely can. It just means that, instead of attempting to write AWK code to assign to a shell variable, you must use the shell itself to do it.

You have an awk command that displays the value you want assigned to a variable. So you can use command substitution in the shell to help you perform the assignment. This command assigns it to a shell variable called entry (but you can use whatever name you like instead of entry, such as column):

entry="$(awk -F '|' '$1 == "john" { print $2 }' sample.txt)"

That works because the shell replaces $( ) and everything inside it with the output produced by running the command inside it. That's command substitution. Note that, when you assign a shell variable like this, you must not have any spaces around the = sign.

(By the way, you may notice that the text john is colorized above as though it were not effectively quoted. That is actually a bug in the software that provides syntax highlighting on this website, which happens because it does not fully parse the contents of the outer " ", so it does not know that the inner " " is inside $( ). This is not a problem when you actually run the command, however.)

You can verify that gold was assigned to the entry shell variable by running:

echo "$entry"

That will display:

gold

For more information on variables in the AWK language, see this section 6.1.3 Variables in Gawk: Effective AWK Programming, which is the official documentation for GNU awk (gawk). Although it documents GNU awk, it explains what is specific to GNU awk and what can also be used in other implementations of the AWK language. The awk command in your Ubuntu system be either mawk or gawk, depending on what software you have installed and how you have configured it. One way to see which is to run awk -W version.


You may use a bridge or a macvlan, but you do not need both. Since you appear to know about macvlans, I'll outline a macvlan approach.

You just need to create virtual network cards (VLANs) in your web container and bind them to the NIC dedicated to hosting container traffic.

The virtual network cards are then exposed the same as the container NICs and receive DHCP or you may use Static IPs.

Below are the core instructions, but detailed steps and background come from this Bonsai Framework article.

  Create a Permanent macvlan on the Host

  Add to the bottom of the /etc/network/interfaces file of the host,

# Creates a macvlan interface called macvlan0 without an IP address
iface mvlan0 inet manual
   pre-up ip link add mvlan0 link eth0 address 8a:38:2a:cc:d7:aa type macvlan mode bridge
   post-down ip link del macvlan0
auto mvlan0

Reboot your system to have the change take effect. You will notice a mvlan0 now when viewing your network devices with ifconfig -a.

Connect Container to macvlan on Host by modifying the config file located in /var/lib/lxc/[container]/config.

  The entries to add for your new network card,

# macvlan for external IP
lxc.network.type = macvlan
lxc.network.macvlan.mode = bridge
lxc.network.flags = up
lxc.network.link = mvlan0
lxc.network.hwaddr = 00:16:3e:8d:4f:51
lxc.network.name = eth0

For the hwaddr, generate a unique locally administered unicast MAC Address via a free website like helion.org.

Finally, adjust the interfaces file within the container to bind via static or if you prefer use dynamic.

In my case, I adjust my home router so that 192.168.0.1 to 192.168.0.20 are not dynamically assigned and use static in my LXC.

So I modify my containers interfaces file as follows,

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.0.12
gateway 192.168.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet dhcp

Restart your Linux container.


UTF-8 character not showing properly in tmux

Starting tmux with u flag solves this issue

tmux -u

I've created an alias of tmux in my zshrc

alias tmux='tmux -u'


To update flash to the latest version, open the Terminal and enter the following -

sudo apt-get install --reinstall flashplugin-installer

This will reinstall the package flashplugin-installer which will in turn fetch the latest flashplugin tarball and install it.


It seems as if Avahi doesn't really have anything to do with your errors.

Avahi is a daemon that enables autodiscovery of other devices and services on your local network (Zeroconf). Apple calls their service Bonjour, and as far as I remember it's called mDNS in windows.

The message you got indicated that the network you connected to uses the domain "local", which can result in some issues. This is because of the router/dhcp server on your network.

The message you got from Firefox really sounds like a phising attempt. Did you install something just after you gave your username/password to the site?


CompizConfig Settings Manager "Put" Option can help you to move the hidden window with a user definable key binding.

In my case, I use [Super] with a combination with the numeric keyboard, this way, when a window is far from the sight, or hidden below a full screen window, I can simply send it to another place in order to get the focus. Of course, I should use [Alt][Tab] or [Super][Tab] to choose the window that I wish to move.

Give this a try and let us know how did you do with this suggestion.

Good luck!


Why 403 Forbidden error When changing root directory of Apache to another drive?

After searching whole day finally here's the complete solution.

As @muru told to go here I sum up things I found after searching in many places.

As we can't change the mod of drive using chmod as it is defined by partition's mount option. So we mount the target drive (MINE in my case) in current drive (ext4 in my case.).

First,find the UUI and partition name table of your drive using following command

$ sudo blkid

Now unmount the target drive (sda6 in my case get from the above command) using following command.

$ sudo umount /dev/sda6

Now type the following command to mount the target drive in current drive.

sudo mount -t ntfs -o rw,auto,user,fmask=0022,dmask=0000 /dev/sda6 /srv

Now make the changes in 000-default.conf and apache2.conf file like done in question.

That's It. Celebrate.


How Can Krusader Prepend the File Modification Date in ISO 8601 Format to the Original File Name?

Just use the first tab advanced mode (in German settings: "Fortgeschrittenen-Modus für Dateiname", strange usage of the German langugage!) of krename's dialog. Just enter

[modificationdate;yyyy-MM-dd]_$

(this is case sensitive and the mixed lower- and upper case notation is really strange!)

Bingo!


How to start / stop Dropbox at a specific time

Dropbox is not started at boot time, there is no init.d script to do it. The daemon is started at login for each user and the binaty is located in ~/.dropbox-dist/dropbox.

To start up the daemon you need to use the command

start-stop-daemon -b -o -c user -S -u user -x ~/.dropbox-dist/dropbox

and to stop it you need to use

start-stop-daemon -o -c user -K -u user -x ~/.dropbox-dist/dropbox

Where user is your username.

Source for this information is at http://ubuntuserverguide.com/2012/06/how-to-install-and-configure-dropbox-on-ubuntu-server-12-04.html. There is also a nice startup init.d script there, you might consider following that guide.


Ubuntu 20.04 doesn't restart/reboot, after installation on a new laptop

Sorry I accidentally sent a message and post got deleted. To answer your question, unfortunately I can't help you manually repairing your bootloader, certainly someone here can guide you through the process. For a quick easy fix though I suggest you use the GUI tools included in these live rescue distros, this is also a very good one you may want to try. Just download the image from a working machine, burn it (cd/dvd/usb) set it as first boot device in BIOS, attempt grub repair


No Internet connection wireless or wired

Try to ping an IP-address to see if it is a DNS problem:

ping -c4 173.194.40.51

If this does'nt work, please edit your question to contain output from these commands: lspci and ifconfig


Just update to 14.04 and calculator mssing the mode button

In my 14.04 installation Mode is on the menu bar as seen below.


Grub Won't Even Come Up after Upgrade to 14.04 Dual Boot Win8

Disable windows 8 "safe boot" and more like them.
You can download and burn boot-repair cd (worked for me) - https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair#A1st_option_:_get_a_CD_including_Boot-Repair


You might have hit bug #1132683. This model is certified to run a pre-installed image, however see this question, there may be issues with stock Ubuntu on this particular hardware.


How to fix error: Failed to load module "canberra-gtk-module"

Issue is solved following any of the above procedures (or both):

sudo apt-get install libcanberra-gtk-module
https://www.mathworks.com/support/bugreports/details/1995075

export GTK_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gtk-2.0
https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/479778-gtk-message-16-17-51-771-failed-to-load-module-canberra-gtk-module#answer_437063

Note that you have to export the GTK_PATH just before every time you launch MATLAB. In order to avoid this, edit the /.bashrc file by opening a terminal and running the command sudo ~/.bashrc. And add the above export line to the end of the file. Save and quit, exit terminal, relaunch terminal and run MATLAB. It should work fine for every time.
First way installs the required packages and the second way exports the requires environment variable in order for the module to load when launhing MATLAB. Both links provide information for other linux distributions except UBUNTU. Question was asked when I was running Ubuntu 18.04 LTS while currently I am running Ubuntu 20.04 LTS yet I suppose the solutions remain the same.


Try this. To install Nvidia Drivers, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the commands below:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

If that doesn't work, you can download the 32bit or 64bit drivers from Nvidia.


Not a direct fix, but it might still be acceptable:

https://addons.mozilla.org/de/firefox/addon/gtk-native/

A Firefox theme which applies your gtk theme. I think that it changes the icons too


found this package

sudo apt-get install ttf-ancient-fonts

from http://ubuntuguide.net/add-emoji-support-in-ubuntu-14-04-ubuntu-12-04

got black/white emoji, in text-editor & terminal.


Installing Pulse Audio Volume Control ,gives the HDMI audio options, needed:
From:https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/precise/paman/

hope this helps!


This behavior is by design. As far as I know, there is no way to change it.

The collapsed icons will show themselves as you move your mouse up and down over the launcher, just like you would do with your finger on a touchscreen.

You can re-arrange the order of the icons by clicking the icon and holding it for a second, dragging it to the right towards the desktop, and then dropping it where you want it higher up. The new order will be stay the same in future sessions.


Need library libgthread-2.0 / found lib, now getting 'wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS64'

Recomended method, from the repositories

You don't need for anything TeamSpeak from the download pages. The package is included in Ubuntu multiverse repository. Just make sure that you have the repository activated and type in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install teamspeak-client

You might need to clean previous installations of the client. If you run into more problems you might need to report a bug.

Own your own risk, 3rd party repository

From the TeamSpeak forums, twprogrammers offered a method to install TeamSpeak 3 using his repositories.

NOTICE: Under no circumstance you should add and install software from anybody you don't trust. If you are aware of the risks please continue reading. I'm in no way responsible of the possible damage to your system.

The instructions offered by twprogrammers couldn't be more clear:

Adding the repository to the sources:

sudo sh -c "echo 'deb http://apt.twprogrammers.com linux net' >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/twprogrammers.list"

With this we have created our list file for apt.
Adding the GPG key to your trusted keyring:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 1BCCE0BF

In the official site they use keyserver.twprogrammers.com as keyserver, but it could be down any time, so I will be using Ubuntu's.
Update your package list and install TeamSpeack 3:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ts3-client

Notice that the name of the package is ts3-client. That's all.


How can you make the option "Flat panel scaling" permanent on an Nvidia Ion device?

I had a simmaler problem with nvidia settings
last time I used it I clicked nvidia config at the bottom of the pages list and save current config in the bottom right of that page
now it always boots with my settings hope this helps

ps Also you must run nvidia setting as root

open terminal

type SUDO NVIDIA-SETTINGS

press enter


Adding applications section under "Sound" as an indicator

To have a somewhat better control on presently playing output devices we may install and run pavucontrol .


Process that needs a volume starting before volume mounts

I am not sure how Crashplan works, but here are some tips:

If it has an automatically startup plan, disable it, and find out which is the executable for Crashplan.
Then create a shell script that looks like this:

\#!bin/bash

sleep 30 && >name of executable<;

Note: This will stop the execution for 30 seconds. You can use whatever time

name your script start_crashplan.sh

Make it executable:

chmod +x start_crashplan.sh

Then add your script in the startup.

Sorry if I was of the subject, but I think this way you have maximum control of what you start and when.


How can I "reboot into" the non-default operating system in a dual-boot configuration?

This tutorial solves this problem: http://www.webupd8.org/2010/10/how-to-reboot-in-windows-from-ubuntu.html

From the aforementioned tutorial:

  3. Now to reboot Ubuntu in Windows or some other OS, run the following
  command: sudo grub-reboot X

  where X is the menuentry position
  (starting with 0 as the first entry)
  of the OS you want to restart in from
  the GRUB menu. So if Windows is the
  4th option in the GRUB menu, you would
  run "sudo grub-reboot 3". You can also
  use the exact menu entry instead of
  the menuentry position (like "Windows
  7 (on /dev/sda1)") but entering just a
  number should be easier to remember.
  The grub-reboot will set the default
  boot entry for the next boot only.


Installing and Running Firefox Using Kubuntu

There is no need to install Firefox from the compressed bundle from the Mozilla website. To install Firefox in Kubuntu, just run the Firefox Installer - just search "Firefox" from the K menu and it will come up. This will install Firefox automatically.

If that doesn't work, which it should, just install the firefox package. This can be done by searching "Firefox" in Muon, or opening a terminal and running sudo apt-get install firefox.


Problem when bootstrapping Juju with MAAS

Your issue looks very similar to this bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/juju-core/+bug/1412621

The work for this problem is still going on.  Please add yourself to the bug by clicking on "Does this bug affect you?" link. The comments might offer some insight on the problem.  Some comments even offer workarounds.


How can I unzip files with "weird" extensions in ubuntu?

Based on the file extensions, it seems like you're trying to extract something you downloaded from Symantec. If so, run this:

cat filename.tar.gz* > temp.tar.gz

to combine the split files, and then

tar zxvf temp.tar.gz

to extract the resulting archive.

Update
It seems that the files are for Symantec Storage Foundation (link here).

Sources: this and this


Screen goes blank after installation and boot menu Ubuntu 12.04 (Windows Installer)

I had a similar problem but instead of black, my screen was purple.  I upgraded from 11.04 to 12.04 and the upgrade went smoothly (no errors/no-warnings).  After the upgrade and re-boot the X-server was un-responsive.  No mouse/no keyboard.  ctl-alt-Fx did not work the keyboard was totally dead, caps-lock did not toggle the LED, but I could ssh from another machine.  I suspected it could be my non standard ATI graphics driver.  After a lot of searching I found a new AT installer but I had to uninstall the old one first.

Downloaded the newest AMD installer from http://linux.softpedia.com/progDownload/ATI-Radeon-Linux-Display-Drivers-Download-6719.html
Uninstalled the old  fglrx driver by sudo apt-get remove fglrx
sudo ./amd-driver-installer-12-6-x86.x86_64.run

After step 2 I could restart my PC and things were better.  The mouse moved and I could type.  So I tried to install the latest AMD ATI driver and after a reboot it worked.

Machine Info:

$ cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor       : 0
vendor_id       : AuthenticAMD
cpu family      : 16
model           : 5
model name      : AMD Athlon(tm) II X4 635 Processor
stepping        : 3
microcode       : 0x10000b6
cpu MHz         : 800.000
cache size      : 512 KB
physical id     : 0
siblings        : 4
core id         : 0
cpu cores       : 4
apicid          : 0
initial apicid  : 0
fdiv_bug        : no
hlt_bug         : no
f00f_bug        : no
coma_bug        : no
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 5
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov
pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp
 lm 3dnowext 3dnow constant_tsc nonstop_tsc extd_apicid pni monitor cx16 popcnt
lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch os
vw ibs skinit wdt npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save
bogomips        : 5800.37
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm stc 100mhzsteps hwpstate

processor       : 1
vendor_id       : AuthenticAMD
cpu family      : 16
model           : 5
model name      : AMD Athlon(tm) II X4 635 Processor
stepping        : 3
microcode       : 0x10000b6
cpu MHz         : 800.000
cache size      : 512 KB
physical id     : 0
siblings        : 4
core id         : 1
cpu cores       : 4
apicid          : 1
initial apicid  : 1
fdiv_bug        : no
hlt_bug         : no
f00f_bug        : no
coma_bug        : no
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 5
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov
pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp
 lm 3dnowext 3dnow constant_tsc nonstop_tsc extd_apicid pni monitor cx16 popcnt
lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch os
vw ibs skinit wdt npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save
bogomips        : 5800.84
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm stc 100mhzsteps hwpstate

processor       : 2
vendor_id       : AuthenticAMD
cpu family      : 16
model           : 5
model name      : AMD Athlon(tm) II X4 635 Processor
stepping        : 3
microcode       : 0x10000b6
cpu MHz         : 800.000
cache size      : 512 KB
physical id     : 0
siblings        : 4
core id         : 2
cpu cores       : 4
apicid          : 2
initial apicid  : 2
fdiv_bug        : no
hlt_bug         : no
f00f_bug        : no
coma_bug        : no
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 5
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov
pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp
 lm 3dnowext 3dnow constant_tsc nonstop_tsc extd_apicid pni monitor cx16 popcnt
lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch os
vw ibs skinit wdt npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save
bogomips        : 5800.86
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm stc 100mhzsteps hwpstate

processor       : 3
vendor_id       : AuthenticAMD
cpu family      : 16
model           : 5
model name      : AMD Athlon(tm) II X4 635 Processor
stepping        : 3
microcode       : 0x10000b6
cpu MHz         : 2900.000
cache size      : 512 KB
physical id     : 0
siblings        : 4
core id         : 3
cpu cores       : 4
apicid          : 3
initial apicid  : 3
fdiv_bug        : no
hlt_bug         : no
f00f_bug        : no
coma_bug        : no
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 5
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov
pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp
 lm 3dnowext 3dnow constant_tsc nonstop_tsc extd_apicid pni monitor cx16 popcnt
lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch os
vw ibs skinit wdt npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save
bogomips        : 5800.83
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm stc 100mhzsteps hwpstate


Why am I getting "Command 'deb' not found"?

deb is not a command. It is used in /etc/apt/sources.list file to indicate a Debian software repository.
From Ubuntu Manpage - sources.list:

The source list is designed to support any number of active sources
and a variety of source media. The file lists one source per line,
with the most preferred source listed first. The format of each line
is: type uri args. The first item, type determines the format for
args.  uri is a Universal Resource Identifier (URI), which is a
superset of the more specific and well-known Universal Resource
Locator, or URL.
The deb type describes a typical two-level Debian archive,
distribution/component. The format for a sources.list entry using the
deb and deb-src types is:
deb [ options ] uri distribution [component1] [component2] [...]

The URI for the deb type must specify the base of the Debian
distribution, from which APT will find the information it needs.
distribution can specify an exact path, in which case the components
must be omitted and distribution must end with a slash (/). This is
useful for when the case only a particular sub-section of the archive
denoted by the URI is of interest. If distribution does not specify an
exact path, at least one component must be present.

So, if I have deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal main restricted in the sources.list file - it says: I have a Debian archive which is based on http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/, the distribution is quantal and the components are main and restricted.


What is the proper method for having a Win10 installation, an Ubuntu Installation with Secureboot enabled [locked bios]?

Under EFI, the boot options list you see is not a good indicator of whether the firmware can access a given disk. The EFI's boot order list can contain boot information based on BIOS-mode boot loaders (typically corresponding to specific devices), EFI boot files, fallback EFI boot files (typically corresponding to specific devices), BIOS-mode or EFI-mode option ROMs in plug-in cards, and more. Some of these options are automatically generated by the firmware, but others are created by OS installation programs or by you (using tools like Ubuntu's efibootmgr). Options you set in the firmware (to activate network booting, for instance) can add or delete boot options. Note that a disk device might be perfectly accessible to the firmware but the EFI's boot list might not mention it because that disk device has no boot loader that the firmware can detect (or none that's been recorded in the NVRAM).

That said, there are cases where the firmware can be slow to recognize a disk device, or where it may be completely inaccessible to the firmware because the firmware may lack drivers. Based on your description, the first of these cases might be happening to you, but it's at least as likely that you're not seeing your SSD in the boot list simply because it has no boot loader(s) installed on it.

As a precaution against rendering your computer unbootable, you may want to prepare a USB flash drive or CD-R with my rEFInd boot manager. Download links with images for both media types are present on that page. Note, however, that the stock rEFInd images will not work with Secure Boot enabled. To add Secure Boot support, you must jump through extra hoops, as described in the rEFInd Secure Boot documentation. Alternatively, you can temporarily disable Secure Boot if you need to use rEFInd to boot your computer. (It's almost always possible to disable Secure Boot. The option to do so may be very obscure or poorly identified, but it's almost always available.)

With that in mind, you can have one or more EFI System Partitions (ESPs), located on one or both of your disks. Complicating this is the fact that Ubuntu's GRUB configuration requires that GRUB be able to read both its configuration file (grub.cfg) and the Linux kernel, both of which go in /boot on Ubuntu. Thus, if there is a problem with accessing one disk from the EFI, and if /boot is on the problem disk, GRUB won't work correctly. You can guard against this possibility by creating a separate /boot partition (make it at least 500 MiB) on the disk that's safer, from an EFI accessibility point of view. Likewise, the Windows boot loader must be able to access the Windows partition.

In sum, if you have any doubts about the ability of your EFI to read one of your disks, you should put your ESP(s), Ubuntu /boot partition, and Windows C: partition on the "safe" disk. You can then use the disk that may pose problems for the Ubuntu root (/), Ubuntu /home, swap, Windows data, and anything else.


How to replace win 7 and keep files without backing them up

Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

Ubuntu is capable of accessing files in the NTFS file system (windows file system).  Anything you have stored on the D:\ drive is accessible from Ubuntu.

To remove windows and install Ubuntu, simply insert the live cd installer, and when given the option to select which hard drive to install to, click the little button that says something like "manually manage partitions".  From there you can delete your partition on your old C:\ and select the empty space for your Ubuntu installation.

Your only restriction will be that you cannot install Ubuntu software on the second, NTFS partition (D:\ in windows, but will not be named the same in Ubuntu.  See the bonus note below).  This can be worked around by using an application called Gparted.  It's a partition manager application that can run from a bootable cd or usb in a custom linux environment designed only to run Gparted.  That's the safest way to use the app.  Since it does a lot of powerful things, and you can break things if you do something wrong, you should research the program a bit before using it.  Gparted is the best partitioning software as far as utility goes.  I won't go into detail about that here though.

BONUS NOTE:  A little information about Ubuntu file system, since you're a new user:

Linux in general uses a more powerful filesystem than Windows.  Files are written to the HDD differently too.  Files are written to fill up every HDD stripe before moving on to the next, to optimize space, and they start from the beginning of the stripe.  Windows starts anywhere between the beginning and the middle, and only writes one encoding on each stripe, it won't start the next coding in stripe X and finish it in stripe Y.

Linux also doesn't use drive letters to define partitions.  Each partition has a descriptive name, an arbitrary title, and is mounted in one grand filesystem defined simply "/" meaning the root.  Notice the use of forward slash in linux, vs C:\ backslash in Windows.

Linux also stores the files differently.  When you move a file from one folder to another in Windows, it literally takes the data, and moves it somewhere else on the hard drive.  Linux maps every file to their respective locations, so when you move files from one folder to another (on the same HDD) the transfer is almost instantaneous since it only changes the digital location, not the file's physical location.


How to make Quanta plus editor as a default editor?

Right click on the file -> select 'Properties' -> go to the 'Open With' tab -> select the text editor of your choice from the list.

I believe that will make the text editor you choose the default for that particular file type. You'll have to repeat those steps for every file type though (e.g. plain text file, .log, .txt, etc.)

Just saw, but this question was already answered in a general form here: How do I change the default text editor?


How do I set up a MC server to restart and backup at 6am every day?

Cron is a handy command. man cron

crontab -e

# Edit this file to introduce tasks to be run by cron.
#
# Each task to run has to be defined through a single line
# indicating with different fields when the task will be run
# and what command to run for the task
#
# To define the time you can provide concrete values for
# minute (m), hour (h), day of month (dom), month (mon),
# and day of week (dow) or use '*' in these fields (for 'any').#
# Notice that tasks will be started based on the cron's system
# daemon's notion of time and timezones.
#
# Output of the crontab jobs (including errors) is sent through
# email to the user the crontab file belongs to (unless redirected).
#
# For example, you can run a backup of all your user accounts
# at 5 a.m every week with:
# 0 5 * * 1 tar -zcf /var/backups/home.tgz /home/
#
# For more information see the manual pages of crontab(5) and cron(8)
#
# m h  dom mon dow   command

0 6 * * * /home/yourloginname/backup.sh

Then create backup.sh

#!/bin/sh
command-which-stop-the-server
tar -zcf /PATH/TO/DIR/worldBackup`date "%D"`.tar /TARGET/DIR/
/PATH/TO/java -Xmx8G -Xms8G -jar /PATH/TO/DIRECTORY/server.jar nogui

Note: you must use a full path, if this needs to be executed by root, you have to run cron by the root user.
See How to set up a root cron job properly


How to install "bought" softwares from the command line?

Install package and assume yes to all queries

sudo apt-get install *package_name* -y


VMWare tools grayed out - Kubuntu 17.04 / VMWare Fusion 8

Why not use the open source ones in the repositories?  They work extremely well and provide pretty much all the same tools.

Within the guest OS, run this:

sudo apt-get install open-vm-tools open-vm-tools-desktop

This installs an open-source version of the VMware-compatible tools, and provides most of the features you'd be looking for from the standard VMware Tools.

Once installed, reboot the VM, though, to get all the kVMware-tools-compatible parts enabled (and so that VMware recognizes it's got a compatible set of tools installed).


Mythbuntu minimum requrements include DVD player or flash drive boot

You can't remove things from the ISO.  You can use the Ubuntu netboot image, which performs a server install, downloading all packages at install time, and choose to install the mythbuntu-desktop package.


Can I install a customized image of ubuntu with wubi?

Normally Wubi looks for an ISO image of an installation CD in the same directory as the executable wubi.exe. Therefore, most likely you can, but I'd first try it out.


This indeed seems to be (one of the funniest questions I read in a while, and) a hardware issue. Keyboards are made up of a matrix. So when you say the entire bottom row is not functioning, this seems to me as the electronics in your keyboard are either broken or in some faulty state.
That being said, when you want to review your keyboard layouts, go to Settings → Region & Language and check what's listed under 'Input Sources'.


Is there a way to switch gpu's automatically when the battery is pluged in/off?

Look into cuttlefish to automate activities when you plug/unplug AC power.

Switching between Nvidia and Intel graphics will still depend on using bumblebee or prime-indicator. I use prime-indicator but it requires the user to log out and log back in to switch.


Ubuntu server reinstalled, ghost gnome desktop returns?

Depending on how you configured the first Ubuntu Server installation, there's a possibility that you set /home to be on its own partition and, depending on how you reinstalled the most current Ubuntu Server installation, there's a possibility that you instructed it to install overtop the existing installation. This could result in the weirdness that you've experienced.
If you would like to have a vanilla Ubuntu Server again, you will need to remove all partitions from the storage devices, then install.
Here's one way to do it:

Boot with the Ubuntu Server installation media and begin the installation process
When you get to the "Guided Storage Configuration" part, choose "Custom Storage Layout":

Then press Tab or ⇣ to get to the [ Done     ] item and press Enter
Under [Used Devices], delete every partition you see except partition 1:

Note: If you try to delete partition 1, the installer will complain that you cannot remove it.
When asked to confirm, choose the [ Delete    ] option:

Do this for all partitions on all storage devices (except the bios_grub partition, of course).
After all of the partitions are removed, create a new one:

Note: You can do this from both the "Available Devices" and "Used Devices" section.
Set the new partition(s) to use as much space as you'd like:

Double-check that everything is good:

You will be asked to "confirm the destructive action", and you will want to choose [ Continue   ] to write the new partition definitions to the storage devices:

Carry on with the installation ...

Watch the little spinner twirl while having a cup of coffee:

Is it just me, or does the spinner for running 'curtain hook' twirl faster than the spinner for downloading and installing security updates?
Reboot.
Enjoy your CLI:

After signing in, you should find that — so long as you deleted all previously existing partitions — there is no sign of your previous files, directories, preferences, or a GUI.


...Maybe i wrote little wrong.... "When i downloading from Win 7 i mean  sitting on my computer with ubuntu 13.04 and downloading by the LAN a files from computer with windows 7... all thing are when are trying download on Ubuntu any files by LAN speed is around 30-40 kB/s... this is the core of problem :((((


unable to play HEVC files on ubuntu 14.04 LTE

VLC out of the box does not play HEVC files. To fix this we need to install libde265 via PPA, which is an open source implementation of the h.265 video codec.

Open up the Terminal and run the commands below:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:strukturag/libde265
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install vlc-plugin-libde265

VLC should now play these media files.

Source: http://www.unixmen.com/fix-vlc-not-support-audio-video-format-hevc/


Dual monitor using Intel graphics stopped to work on Ubuntu 18.04

When I tried:

Cable and monitor tested with other laptops with no issues.
Laptop tested with other monitors and only working with the one that I'm used to using in the office.
Boot using the Ubuntu 18.04 Lived USB works.
Login page enables the second monitor. It is after login when it stops to work.

So the problem it is clear that the problem is with my user.

Step to solve the problem:

Remove (or move) the ~/.local/xorg folder
Restart.
Now, the monitor is not working but at least it is in the Display setting so it is detected. Then, I can enable it and configure as second monitor.

So it is fixed. Also working in the office with the other monitor.


When you're on the purple screen, try to access any tty terminal with Ctrl+Alt+(F1-F6) and run:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

Then, select "lightdm" and reboot.


Try to mount the moint point:

sudo mount /path/to/mount_point && echo OK || echo ERR


To install Gnome 3, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gnome-shell

To install Gnome classic, do

sudo apt-get install gnome-session-fallback


Virtualbox doesn't match with guest additions version

Try to add this plugin from the terminal:

sudo vagrant plugin install vagrant-vbguest

After installed and you do the 'vagrant up' it will detect the version between host and guest. If version doesn't match then it update the guest additions version accordingly. Hope it helps. ;)


Rename a file during install of a Debian package

You cannot rename files using dh_install (via the debian/install). You will need to rename it during the debian/rules "build" target before you get to the dh_install invocation.


The info is in the man pages for avconv. In my version (probably the same as yours) I found it in the chapter on "Input Devices", in the section "pulse", on line 1854.

Type in:

$ pactl list sources | less

You'll see info on "Source #0", "Source #1" etc. depending how how many sound cards and whatnot you have.

Get the string under "Name:", it will be something like:

alsa_output.pci-[some number].analog-stereo.monitor

where "some number" is dependent on your hardware.

Instead of demuxing using alsa directly (avconv ... -f alsa ...) as you've tried to do above, use pulse instead:

avconv ... -f pulse -i alsa_output.pci-....analog-stereo.monitor ...

This will record the audio being monitored and passed to the speakers or headphones or whereever. If you wish to use pulse to demux and record the microphone, use the other "Name:" (or one of the other names) which doesn't include the word "monitor".

I hope it helps.


You have to specify the required number of desktops in System Settings => Workspaces, after add the desktop switcher to your panel.


The repos are not directly owned/manged by Ubuntu but other third-parties and hence it is not Ubuntu who is responsible for updating these servers. You can set the system to fetch packages from other working servers and this is usually not at all a problem and will not affect your time-zones etc (which you can set yourself independent of what repo you use to get packages)


You need to run wireshark as root. I'm not sure whether the launcher is set to do this yet but try plugging this into a terminal:
gksu wireshark

To make life easier on yourself, I suggest you edit the launcher (right click the menu → click edit menus → find wireshark and change prepend its command with gksu).

Alternatively, you can use setcap to allow non-root users to use dumpcap (the application that does all the capturing that WireShark uses):
sudo setcap 'CAP_NET_RAW+eip CAP_NET_ADMIN+eip' /usr/bin/dumpcap

This is essentially from the WireShark Wiki. I had seen this before I posted the above but I wasn't confident in it. After seeing it again in the comments, I gave it a test today and it appears to work.
This has a security issue too, though...
Any user or process on the system can now monitor network traffic without user intervention. Think exploited service or genuine user. The wiki does have another setting where you can limit dumpcap to one group of users (and you add your account to that group) but this is only marginally better. What happens if your browser has an exploitable flaw, that allows somebody to fire off commands (does occasionally happen)?
In my eyes this is more of a security risk than going through gksu. At least that way you need to enter a password.


You can do this from the terminal easily enough. Open the terminal and enter the following:

sudo apt-get update
sudo do-release-upgrade -d
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -d

They all go on separate lines. You'll be asked for your password, this will not show anything (not even asterisks) and is normal behaviour.

Then follow any prompts and you're good to go. If you run into any problems then ask a new and specific question.


How to re-setup swap partition in GPT system

Crypted
To setup a crypted swap, add this line to /etc/crypttab
cryptswap   /dev/sda9    /dev/urandom     swap,cipher=aes-cbc-essiv:sha256,size=256

then add this one in /etc/fstab
/dev/mapper/cryptswap        none            swap    defaults        0       0

You may need to install cryptsetup package (sudo apt-get install cryptsetup).
and reboot
Or not (crypted)
Run the command:
sudo mkswap /dev/sda9

then, simply add a line in /etc/fstab like
/dev/sda9                     none            swap    defaults        0       0

and either reboot or run sudo swapon -a
PARTUUID
In either case, it is better to use PARTUUID (because you use GPT) instead of the device name. Get the partition UUID with
sudo blkid -s PARTUUID /dev/sda9

and use it in /etc/crypttab or /etc/fstab with PARTUUID= instead of /dev/sda9


For that purpose USB has a file md5sum.txt

Plug in the USB drive in any Linux OS.
CD to USB drive

cd /media/$USER/<drive name>

Run

md5sum -c md5sum.txt | grep -v OK || echo "All OK"

If there is a defect, output is something like

md5sum: WARNING: 1 computed checksum did NOT match

If not

All OK

No output means all OK.

For full report run

md5sum -c md5sum.txt


I have corrected my wireless issue. It appears that after downloading the driver, my computer did not completely shut down on reboot. I started cold this morning and could not only see my wireless access points I can connect to all.


What i believe you have broken package may be while your previous attempt to install software center, I suggest you check the following..

sudo apt-get purge software-center

then try

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install python-gobject-cairo python-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets sessioninstaller -y

As last step

 sudo apt-get install software-center


Select the option of your preference in the "Software Sources" settings application.

Please be aware that you'll have to move to a more recent version in less than half a year, as 11.10 will receive its End-of-Life status.


At a guess this is an issue with a program trying to run in 256-color mode.

The WINE wiki includes has a page on running applications in 256 colors, but I'm afraid it isn't trivial:

It suggests you install the Xephyr nested X server:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xephyr

Then create a 256 color window and run wine inside it:

Xephyr :1 -ac -screen 800x600x8 &
DISPLAY=:1 wine application.exe


How to assign a priority number to "update-alternatives --config gdm3.css" in a single cmdline?

Based on @PRATAP comment, I have developed this python3.6 solution to my question. It worked on my Ubuntu 18.04 system. I hope it can benefit others with the same need.

#!/usr/bin/env python3.6
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from subprocess import run, PIPE
from pathlib import Path
import mimetypes

class CSSFileTypeError(Exception):
    pass

class GDM3_alternatives:
    '''Class to query and configure gdm3.css.

    Argument:
      mytheme - path to my gnome-shell theme .css file.

    Attributes:
      mytheme - path to my gnome-shell theme .css file.
      query   - stdout from "update-alternatives --query gdm3.css" store in a list
      link    - gdm3.css path
      best    - gdm3.css alternative path selected by auto mode
      value   - current gdm3.css alternative path
      status  - whether gdm3.css is selected by manual or automatic mode
      max     - maximum Priority value of all the installed gdm3.css alternatives

    Methods:
      exist()     - determines whether "mytheme" is installed as a gdm3.css alternative.
      configure() - configure "mytheme" file as a gdm3.css alternative.
    '''
    def __init__( self, mytheme=None ):
        def _get( qvalue ):
            return [ line[ line.index('/') : ] for line in self.query if qvalue in line ][0]
        self.mytheme = mytheme
        self.query = run( [ 'update-alternatives', '--query', 'gdm3.css' ],
                          stdout=PIPE, encoding="utf-8" ).stdout.splitlines()
        self.link   = _get( 'Link:' )
        self.best   = _get( 'Best:' )
        self.value  = _get( 'Value:' )
        self.status = [ line[ line.index(':')+2 : ] for line in self.query if 'Status:' in line ][0]
        self.max = max( [ int( line[ line.index(':')+1 : ] ) for line in self.query if 'Priority:' in line ] )
        #print( f'self.query = {self.query}' )  #For debugging
        #print( f'self.link  = {self.link}' )   #For debugging
        #print( f'self.best  = {self.best}' )   #For debugging
        #print( f'self.value = {self.value}' )  #For debugging
        #print( f'self.status= {self.status}' ) #For debugging
        #print( f'self.max   = {self.max}' )    #For debugging

    def exist( self ):
        '''Method that determines whether "mytheme.css" is installed as a gdm3.css alternative. '''
        if self.mytheme == None:
            raise TypeError( '.css file was not defined.' )
        if not Path( self.mytheme ).exists():
            raise FileNotFoundError( f'{self.mytheme} does not exist.' )
        if 'css' not in mimetypes.guess_type( self.mytheme )[0] :
            raise CSSFileTypeError( f'{self.mytheme} is not a css file.' )
        return True in [ True for line in self.query if self.mytheme in line ]

    def configure( self ):
        '''Method to configure my theme ".css" file as a gdm3.css alternative.'''
        def _config():
            if 'auto' not in self.status:
                run( [ 'update-alternatives', '--auto', 'gdm3.css' ] ) #Ensure auto mode is used
            run( [ 'update-alternatives', '--install', self.link, 'gdm3.css', self.mytheme, str(self.max + 1) ] )
            print( f'Configured {self.mytheme} as gdm3.css alternative.' )

        if not self.exist():
            _config()
        elif self.value in self.mytheme:
            print( f'{self.mytheme} is already gdm3.css alternative.' )
        else:
            run( [ 'update-alternatives', '--remove', 'gdm3.css', self.mytheme ] )
            self.__init__( self.mytheme )
            _config()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    #mytheme = '/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/mytheme/mytheme.css'
    mytheme = '/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/mytheme/mytheme.css' #Change this to your theme
    gdm3 = GDM3_alternatives( mytheme )
    gdm3.configure()

## This script needs to be executed by sudo. ##

How to use this script:

Save it to a file with .py extension, e.g. myscript.py.
Change line mytheme =
'/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/mytheme/mytheme.css' to show your
theme's .css path.
Run the script on terminal with sudo permission, i.e. type sudo python3.6 myscript.py. Or open your python IDLE using sudo permission and run this python script.

The version of the update-alternatives on my Ubuntu 18.04 system is:

$ update-alternatives --version
Debian update-alternatives version 1.19.0.5.

This is free software; see the GNU General Public License version 2 or
later for copying conditions. There is NO warranty.


How can I configure Mythbuntu 11.10 to wait for a DCHP lease before completing boot and starting network dependent apps?

Three options for you, ranging from manual-but-easy to manual-and-need-a-doctorate (in that progression).
1. Don't use DHCP.
Allocate a static IP in your router (so it doesn't give that IP to another device) and then configure Ubuntu to use that static address. You can do that either with Network Manager (if you're using that) or by editing /etc/network/interfaces with something like this:
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.4
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        network 192.168.0.0
        broadcast 192.168.0.255
        gateway 192.168.0.1

2. Have something sit and wait for your network to come up and have an IP
I'm talking about writing a script that checks to see if your network card is up. For simplicity you could combine whatever launches XBMC with a check like (stolen from the forums):
#!/bin/bash

until wget -q -O - http://www.google.com | grep Lucky > /dev/null; do
    sleep 10
done

xbmc

And call that script instead of calling xmbc directly.
3. Play around with Upstart and break it to do your will.
Upstart is what manages all the system things and manages when things run based on events that each job emits. This seems like the most pleasing route for you because you might be able to make it emit a signal exactly when it has a DHCP address assigned.
The problem is you'll have to really dig into the boot process to alter things. I don't know enough about it to reasonably help.


Keyboard not responding after waking up from suspend [Ubuntu 18.04]

Saw the following in another forum:

Issue fixed by uninstalling Xscreensaver

$ sudo apt remove x-screensaver


You don't need to run the installer using sudo and you don't need to install it in a system folder, such as /usr/local/. Just run the installer normally and choose to install it in your home directory. If you don't want the netbeans and glassfish folders cluttering up your home folder, you can install them in a sub-folder in your home folder, such as local or Library or whatever.

You will be able to run Netbeans by clicking on the launcher it creates. However, if you want to run it from the command line at all, you will need to add the Netbeans' bin folder to the system path. You can do this by opening your .bashrc file in a text editor and adding this line at the bottom (modified according to where you installed Netbeans):

export PATH=$PATH:~/netbeans-7.2.1/bin


Open a terminal and enter the following:

wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add -

That will import Google's updated GPG Key. You should be able to update the system without any errors.

Worked for me on Ubuntu 14.04.2

Source: Google Linux Repositories


Is it possible to programmatically log in a specific user on a specific virtual console?

Here is a not fully working solution. Please - if you have some time - correct the problem.

Step 1. Create a file /etc/init/autologtty.conf

# Get the user to guess the number. If they get it right, let them
# login.

start on runlevel [23]
stop on runlevel [!23]

env VLOCK_PRESENT=1
env VLOCK_CURRENT_MESSAGE=
env TTY=tty9

respawn
respawn limit 10 5

# XXX: Ensure job is connected to the terminal device
console output

script
    [ -f /etc/default/autologtty ] && . /etc/default/autologtty

    # XXX: Ensure all standard streams are connected to the console
    exec 0</dev/$TTY >/dev/$TTY 2>&1
    clear
    if [ "$DEBUG" -eq 1 ]; then
        set -x
    fi
    dpkg -s vlock>/dev/null
    if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
        VLOCK_PRESENT=0
    fi

    trap '' INT TERM HUP #Prevent Ctrl+C

    rcfile=`mktemp`

    if [ "$VLOCK_PRESENT" -eq "1" ]; then
        echo "[ -f ~/.bashrc ] && . ~/.bashrc">>$rcfile
        if [ -n "$VLOCK_CURRENT_MESSAGE" ]; then
            echo "echo \"$VLOCK_CURRENT_MESSAGE\"" >>$rcfile
            vlock=/usr/sbin/vlock-main
        else
            vlock=vlock
        fi
        echo $vlock >>$rcfile
        if [ -n "$USER" ]; then
            chown $USER $rcfile
            sudo -u $USER /bin/bash --rcfile $rcfile && stop
        else
            bash -l --rcfile $rcfile && stop
        fi
    else
        if [ -n "$USER" ]; then
            su -l $USER -c "bash -l" && stop
        else
            "bash -l" && stop
        fi
    fi
#   exec /sbin/getty -8 38400 $TTY
end script

Step 2. Create a file /etc/default/autologtty

VLOCK_PRESENT=1
USER=adam
VLOCK_CURRENT_MESSAGE="Welcome user $USER! Please hit <ENTER> and enter your password to unlock the tty"
TTY=tty9
DEBUG=0

Make sure that the file is only root-writable, because all commands will be executed by root.

Under the specified tty (9 by default) there will be a working shell. If you have vlock installed, there will be first a question about a password.

You can test it by sudo service autologtty restart

Well, this would work, if I was able to run the fully working bash. If I only get answer to the question https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/166326/why-does-sudo-su-l-user-c-bash-fails-to-load-users-environment the script will be ready.

EDIT:

The upstart script work ok now.


It's possible the problem is because it's in the /mnt directory or it could be a security issue world readable swap isn't great. Try this tutorial and see if you have better results.

http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-add-a-swap-file-howto/


How to connect two ubuntu laptops using putty?

No need to use putty for this. You can use the terminal.

sudo apt-get install openssh-client
ssh username@serveraddress

Not sure this solves the problem, but you can try. This also handles your public keys, and should give you suggestions on what to do if there is a key error.


To fit this into an answer:

It was reported that my comment to → install pavucontrol ← worked with only that first step taken. Maybe some wrong configuration residues. Nice.


You can use ffmpeg:

lame filename.mp3 filename.wav
ffmpeg -i  filename.wav filename.spx

Source: http://paramitech.com/convert-speex-file-into-mp3/


How the partitioning should be done for ubuntu on windows installed hdd?

In Windows, open Disk Management, and shrink your main partition by however much you want to leave for Ubuntu. Leave it as unallocated.

Next, boot the Ubuntu install media, and tell it to "install alongside Windows". It will automatically install to the uncallocated space, and take care of creating the swap partition for you.

Just FYI since you're new here: if you found my answer helpful, please consider accepting and/or upvoting it :)


I propose you remove the egrep part or add Name|Description to it. this will shed some light. e.g. for my Sink #0 I get

Name: alsa_output.pci-0000_01_00.1.hdmi-stereo
Description: Caicos HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 6400 Series] Digital Stereo (HDMI)


How to replace an output filename by a custom command that use output?

Bash allows using the construction /dev/fd/fd  to refer to the file with file descriptor fd; standard input is /dev/fd/0, standard output is /dev/fd/1, etc., and of course you can open other file descriptors.

This means that if you have a command cmdname which cannot output to standard output but accepts a -o filename option, you can make it write to standard output with

cmdname -o /dev/fd/1


Ran xset -b which disables beep functionality.


How to graphically interface with a headless server?

Yes, X forwarding over ssh is a beautiful thing indeed. It allows you to use graphical applications on an app by app basis and have windows handled by your own desktop environment. You do not even need a desktop environment installed on the server.

You do need to set up some authentication things for it to work though. I believe you need xauth for that.

It's SO much faster than VNC as well. VNC was always rather laggy in my experience.

Edit:
I have no experience using this method via Windows, but I found this tutorial for you if you're interested.


can't install anyy programme LibreOffice Problem

To remove getdeb-repository test this:

Open a terminal,Press Ctrl+Alt+T

And run:

sudo -i
add-apt-repository –remove getdeb-repository

or

sudo -i
mv $(grep -i –files-with-matches getdeb -R /etc/apt/sources.list*) ~/_backups/old-apt-repos/

To correct problems apt-get, run:

sudo -i
apt-get -f install


Really verbose way to test Git connection over SSH?

Environment variable

From Git version 2.3.0, you can use the environment variable GIT_SSH_COMMAND and pass the -v verbose argument like this:

GIT_SSH_COMMAND="ssh -v" git clone example

To be extra verbose, make it -vvv:

GIT_SSH_COMMAND="ssh -vvv" git clone example

Git config

From Git version 2.10.0, which will in Ubuntu 17.04's repos, you can save this configuration globally, or per repo as in this example:

git config core.sshCommand "ssh -vvv"
git pull


Can't install Windows as dual boot after Ubuntu

Create the ISO file from your current Linux OS so that even if you format your whole HDD, you still can recover your files and data.
After you created the ISO file, format the whole HDD again. Then this time, make sure to have enough partition spaces.
Then install the Windows first, then install the Linux the main reason is if you install Windows first, then Linux GRUB loader still can detect Windows, but if you install Linux first, Windows will overwrite, to solve this problem, you have to use any Linux Live CD to boot into your Linux partition and then update your GRUB loader. After that you can see both OSs in your system. :)


Ubuntu doesn't boot in dual-boot UEFI mode

Once upon a time, in the not so far past, Ubuntu did not support UEFI BOOT but nowadays, Ubuntu supports UEFI BOOT!

However you need to use the UEFI menu to boot the CD, not the BIOS menu...

Note: As I have seen UEFI systems that did not support UEFI DEV boot, you had to go into the BIOS to BOOT from DEV, but that turns UEFI off!

So if you went into the BIOS of the HP to boot from DVD, what happened was:

UEFI turned off
Ubuntu installed in non-UEFI mode
reboot into UEFI
Ubuntu doesn't work until you turn off UEFI in the BIOS again. (But to boot Windows 8.1 you need to turn it back on!)

To avoid this for now and in the future, re-install using the UEFI menu to boot the CD, and as I all the HPs I've ever seen all supported UEFI DVD boot, you might have an old UEFI firmware on your HP (Just an informed guess), so upgrade your UEFI firmware before reinstalling.

Before upgrading your UEFI firmware, gave a good look through all the UEFI screens as the DVD boot might be hidden away in "advanced settings"..


A few things.

First you should almost never sudo su. There's no reason for it, but lets pretend your in one of the very few circumstances where you want to sudo su.

Second, sudo su (no -) will keep you in your current directory and bring over your current shell setup (i.e. vars and such). So your real answer is to use sudo su without a -. Now lets pretend you want to use it together with - for some reason (note: the usages for this are damn rare). The result is that you will log in as root and not just run things as root.

Third, assuming you want to get back to your directory after sudo su -ing. Your best bet is to just copy and paste, or navigate back to the directory. However, if you insist:

  sudo su - -c "cd `pwd`; bash"

I would like to stress however that you are almost certainly using sudo and su incorrectly. The whole point of sudo (and not having a root account) is so that you run things as your self with elevated permissions. Your circumventing that.

I suggest reading:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo
http://www.linuxplanet.com/linuxplanet/tutorials/7165/1
http://rixstep.com/2/20070320,00.shtml


How to change the display name on the Terminal?

This actually displays your username@computername: along with the current directory and a $ sign, which usually means a non-root user, whereas a # sign would mean that you have root permissions.

Now, to only change what's displayed, you can edit your ~/.bashrc file. Open it with your favorite text editor and make changes to the line that starts with PS1=.

If you have more than one line starting with PS1=, try changing them one by one, while saving the .bashrc file and opening a new terminal each time, to see if you edited the right one.

To just experiment with what's displayed, without messing up anything, you can type export PS1="whatever you want". Once you close and reopen the terminal, it will set the value of PS1 back to the one in your ~/.bashrc file.

To actually change your username or computer name, there are already excellent answers:

Changing the computer name
Changing the username

You will need to log out and log in again to see the changes, unless you're changing the name of your computer, for which you'll need to reboot the machine.


Installing Ubuntu on Mac Pro black cylinder fails

I have documented the instructions to install Ubuntu on the Mac Pro Cylinder (Late 2013) here: Mac Pro Cylinder Ubuntu Install


Press Ctrl+Alt+F1 or Ctrl+Alt+F2 or Ctrl+Alt+F3 ...
Write your username (lowercase, the name of the user folder in /home) and hit Enter
Write your password (nothing will appear) and hit Enter
If your password and username are correct, you are now logged in.


To uninstall Ubuntu, there's a procedure to follow not to render your computer unbootable. You will need a Windows repair disc or installation disc or some other similar disc to fix your MBR.

Create a Windows repair disc. Boot Windows, search for System Repair Disc. Follow instructions.
Boot Ubuntu and backup your files on the Linux partition if there's anything you do not want to loose.
Boot from the repair disc. Choose the command prompt option and run bootrec /fixmbr and bootrec /fixboot. At this point Ubuntu is no longer bootle even though everything is there except the bootloader.
Reboot your PC. It should boot directly into Windows.
Recover the space occupied by the Ubuntu partions. Right-click My Computer select Manage, then Disk Management. Delete the Ubuntu partitions (main and swap). Then, either create a new partition in their place or enlarge your current partition. What is possible and how you do this depends on your current partition table. The easiest and safest way is to simply create a new partition instead of the two left behind by Ubuntu.

That's it.


Ubuntu Openstack installation tutorial video

There is no installation tutorial video, but comprehensive instructions are here:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/cloud/install-ubuntu-openstack

It does not say that you need to install ubuntu on all machines because you don't: MAAS takes care of installing Ubuntu on those machines for you from bare metal.

The number of machines are not listed up front since it is variable depending on what your needs are and what services you want to deploy.  See the following question for more details:

Can I try Canonical Distribution of Ubuntu OpenStack with less than 7 machines?


As @karel noted in his answer, ~ is a special character and expanded by Bash into the current user's home directory. See Bash's manual on "Tilde Expansion", or search for the headline "Tilde Expansion" in the man page (man bash).

Any kind of quotation around the ~ prevents this tilde expansion.

To answer your question about how you still can use it to cd into a directory with spaces in its name, there are a few alternatives:

Omit quotes and escape the spaces with backslashes instead:

cd ~/foo/spaces\ are\ cool/bar

Quote the rest of the path, but omit them around the tilde and the first slash:

cd ~/"foo/spaces are cool/bar"

As you see, you can concatenate quoted and unquoted strings in Bash by simply writing them next to each other without any spaces in between.
Use the environment variable $HOME instead of the tilde, which still gets expanded inside "double quotes" (but not 'single quotes'):

cd "$HOME/foo/spaces are cool/bar"


Let's start. First you have to install dhcp server.

sudo apt-get install isc-dhcp-server

There are two main files /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server and /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf which we will need to configure so lets take the first.

Configuration of DHCP server

First you need to configure /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server file so you need to edit the file using the following command

sudo nano /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server

You should see similar to the following

#Defaults for dhcp initscript
#sourced by /etc/init.d/dhcp
#installed at /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server by the maintainer scripts
#
#This is a POSIX shell fragment
#
#On what interfaces should the DHCP server (dhcpd) serve DHCP requests?
#Separate multiple interfaces with spaces, e.g. “eth0 eth1?.
INTERFACES=”eth0?

Replace eth0 above with the name of your network interface that you want the server to lease addresses on.
Save and exit the file

Now you need to configure /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file for this edit this file using the following command

sudo nano /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

Minimal conf is:

 # minimal sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;

subnet 172.20.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 {
 range 172.20.0.1 172.20.255.252;
 option routers 172.20.255.254;
 option domain-name-servers 192.168.x.x, 192.168.x.x;
 option domain-name "mydomain.example";
}

Finally you have to restart the dhcp service by using the following command

sudo service isc-dhcp-server restart

You can check if your dhcp server is working properly bt running the following command

sudo netstat -uap

After this action you must forward traffic from one nic to other

Enable IP forwarding

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

Configure iptables

sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT

Change eth0 and eth1 with your interfaces.


How do I deploy units that use the -proposed repository?

You can tell Juju to used the proposed repository by changing juju-origin to proposed.

What I'm doing is just setting up two local environments, so I have a dedicated proposed one for testing.

  local-proposed:
    type: local
    control-bucket: juju-a14dfae383222222220142d9ac23c499395c2785999
    admin-secret: 6608267bbd6b447b8c90934162227b2a294999
    default-series: precise
    juju-origin: proposed
    data-dir: /home/jorge/juju-data


How to install gnome videos(new gnome video playing app, formerly totem)

Totem

You can install totem by:

sudo apt-get install totem libtotem0


How can I burn a Raspberry Pi image to SD card from Ubuntu?

You can do it from the command line as well. No need to install anything.

Find the name of the device of the plugged in SD-card. For instance I typed ls -la /dev/sd* before and after plugging in the sd-card. I saw the date of /dev/sdc change and thus decided that that was the one.
Find the place of the unzipped image, which was /home/username/Downloads/2012-10-28-wheezy-raspbian.img for me.

Type the following (mutatis mutandis):

sudo dd if=/home/username/Downloads/2012-10-28-wheezy-raspbian.img of=/dev/sdc

or with improvements suggested by other users:

sudo dd if=/home/username/Downloads/2012-10-28-wheezy-raspbian.img of=/dev/sdc status=progress bs=4M

and wait for the command to return. It may be quite a while, especially over usb2.

Resizing can be done from the Pi itself in the raspi-config program that starts automatically the first time you boot.

Be careful. Make absolutely sure the device name is that of the SD-card. If you replace it with the device name of your hard drive, your hard drive will be overwritten.


18.04 does not resolve hosts on local network

Its your firewall configuration. Its blocking your connection.

For graphical management of the default Ubuntu firewall, install GUFW and set the out going connections to allow.  For more information on how to use, read documentation here.


User files easy accessed through Live CD?

One of Live System main benefit is it can be used to perform operation to main system within separate tools. For example.

Data Recovery
Computer Forensics
System Recovery
Malware Removal

Live USB don't care whether you're the owner of the computer or not, they just ran seamlessly—so anyone with psychically access to your computer would be able to access your files.

As a simple protection, you could set up full disk encryption to your main system, refer to this link https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FullDiskEncryptionHowto.


How to create a alias for running a server and its client simultaneously

The problem is that the alias is first interpreted by Bash, and then by XTerm.

Bash interprets the whole alias as two separate commands: xterm -e sudo /opt/king-phisher/KingPhisherServer -L INFO -f /opt/king-$/king-phisher/server_config.yml and /opt/king-phisher/KingPhisher, and the commands are executed one after the other in the current shell.

Using & instead of ; won't help, because Bash will still interpret &; escaping ; or & won't help either, because XTerm has no notion of Bash syntax, and will pass either ; or & as an argument to /opt/king-phisher/KingPhisherServer (along with the remainder of the command, /opt/king-phisher/KingPhisher).

The only solution is to tell XTerm to invoke Bash and let Bash do the parsing:

alias kingp="xterm -e bash -c 'sudo /opt/king-phisher/KingPhisherServer -L INFO -f /opt/king-$/king-phisher/server_config.yml & /opt/king-phisher/KingPhisher'"

Unless you user doesn't need to provide a sudo password in order to run /opt/king-phisher/KingPhisherServer, this will lead to the server not starting because of the sudo command being backgrounded before being able to read the password; see here for possible solutions: How do I run a sudo command needing password input in the background?.


I would guess that Chrome/ium security measures to prevent attacks. I would disable all extensions (that could be replacing the advertisements causing what you see now) and see if it still happens. If doesn't happen, enable one by one all the extensions until you find the culprit and remove it.

AFAIK, those are not advertisements by YouTube or Google Adwords. I would also check if you are using a proxy of sorts that could also replace the ads you are receiving.


Subwoofer is reproducing all frequencies - limit them to the lows

Upon further Googling, it turns out that this headphone port, and the hardware expected to plugged into it, is some special 4-connector system that is used by the OS to detect ASUS hardware.

Windows has either built-in or custom drivers for the port that understand this hardware and treat it special, and it figures this out because the hardware is not just a standard headphone jack. While it should work as one, there are related reports of this jack just not working with regular earphones in Ubuntu here and on the greater internet.

Canonical would have to implement this driver behaviour in the OS if they decided it was a supported configuration, perhaps via a feature request.

My initial musings cribbed from the comments continues below.

I don't think there is anything Ubuntu specific here, but we really don't know because we don't know what Windows or this subwoofer hardware is doing special (and, therefore, what Ubuntu could do different).

However, if the assertion is that we are using the ordinary 2.5mm "headphone" jack as output, then this is software controlled to some degree on all platforms. We can at least change the volume, and some drivers/interfaces will allow pretty sophisticated tone control all the way to faking spatial audio. Also, the assumption here is that we are not talking about the S/PDIF output.

AFAIK, the typical Ubuntu controls for the headphone port will offer volume and muting. There may be something that offers equalization or output presets. If someone knows more they can provide that as a better answer!

But, if the assertion is that some hardware, once plugged into this port, tells that port to change the equalization to the point of a low-pass filter, then there is something else going on. These drivers can detect when something is plugged in, but there is nothing I know of that would be a generic way of saying "I am a subwoofer" vs. "I am a pair of headphones".

Maybe this subwoofer hardware is special; perhaps it shorts one of the unused wires on the cable (assuming this jack supports more than a single pair of signal wires) to signal "special ASUS hardware plugged in" to the driver. If so, then the Ubuntu port driver stuff would have to know about this, and then would have to know how to equalize the signal in a similar manner. The obvious conclusion based on this question would then have to be that it does not.

This sounds like a losing battle, however. I'd look for (ALSA?) audio equalizers, perhaps with some presets, or equalization that can be made into a preset so you could low-pass the audio appropriately when this hardware is plugged in.