How to safely change OS name in grub boot menu?

Open the grub configuration file:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Just comment the line starting with GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR and add one line:

# GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="Ubuntu 15.10"

Afterwards, run

sudo update-grub

It should work after the next reboot. You will need to boot to both ubuntu installations and to change both names.

Important Note: Something you'll want to avoid doing is editing the file /etc/lsb-release and modifying the value for DISTRIB_ID which is read from the command lsb_release -i -s. While this does work to rename the grub menu entry (if you haven't modified /etc/default/grub), other programs also rely on the default name and may crash if it's modified (e.g. "Ubuntu" for Xubuntu). With that said though, kernel updates also replace this file, which will undo any changes to it.


Ubuntu does not show up on the Windows Boot Manager

What you want to do cannot be done:  Windows isn't Ubuntu-aware so the Windows boot manager cannot display the Ubuntu boot manager: it just doesn't work that way...

It's your UEFI or BIOS subsystem that needs to display the Ubuntu Boot Manager (GRUB) which is Windows-aware, so GRUB can display the Windows boot Manager.

For more info on how to do that, look here


First of all make startup disk(I mean USB stick here) ,using Startup Disk Creator tool available when you type it on dash board

https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/usb-creator-gtk/

After Successful USB Stick Burning go to the boot menu of your BIOS and disable fast booting and then make sure that the USB Stick is been detected by your board ..

If your BIOS detects the Stick just go to boot menu and make it a primary boot option
that's it you can now install UBUNTU 14.04
OR
There is one more option out there if you have a good internet connection you can upgrade the distribution to 14.04 see this

Upgrading 12.04 to 14.04 beta directly (without the intermediate 12.10 release)


Your question is a bit complicated in wording, so out of all the things we could advice, I need to pick one that matches what I think is your question. Basically I understand you want this:

  you type your .tk domain and get directed to the site you have running on a webserver somewhere in your home.

and you currently have this

  you type your .tk domain and get your router's login page

Is that rigth?

If that is so, the only thing you need to do is let your router know that traffic comming from outside for your webserver actually be redirected to the right webserver. This means you have to forward a port.

The thing is, your ROUTER has the static IP from your provider. You have a different internal IP for your webserver because you are behind that router. If you forward port 80 (for default http traffic) and possible another port for https (e.g. 443) to that internal IP, you'll be set.

Now it IS possible to do it differently, but I don't recommend this if guessing your experience

set your server in the so called DMZ
give your server the public 'external' IP, and route from there to your netwerk (this is weird)
possibly loads of other options.


Automatic startup of Ubuntu installed alongside windows?

You can use startupmanager  for that. It's available from the repositories.


How do I get rid of an annoying (repeating) download pop-up in Firefox?

Sounds like firefox uses the download URL as home page. So, check your firefox preferences, especially the home page. You can reset the home page easily:

(Screenshot from Mozilla Knowledge Base)


How to install wunderlist on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS?

A version compatible with 14.04 isn't available on the Software Centre. However, you can install it as a Chrome extension or Firefox add-on. There are links available from their official download page here: https://www.wunderlist.com/download/


Ubuntu 12.04 boot issue after removing Kubuntu and resizing partition

It looks like Kubuntu was still in control of GRUB. When you removed it, you also removed the files grub needed to boot. Fortunately this should be an easy fix.

Since you're already on a live CD, I think the easiest route is to chroot to your installation and run the grub installation scripts. Start by opening your Ubuntu installation (your root partition, which contains folders such as "etc", "usr", and "home") in a file browser in order to mount it.

Now open a terminal.

Find the Mount Pount

In the terminal, type mount This will print out several lines. Look for one that mentions your ubuntu installation in /media. It will look something like:

/dev/sda1 on /media/disk type ext4 (rw,relatime)

In the example above, the device is /dev/sda1 and the mount point is /media/disk. Make a note of this, because we will use this information later.

Set up the Chroot

We need to setup the chroot. This means we will link some system folders from the LiveCD to your installed system. To do this, paste the following text into the terminal, but replace /media/disk with the mount point you found earlier:

for i in sys dev proc; do sudo mount --bind /$i /media/disk/$i; done

The above command runs the following three commands:

sudo mount --bind /dev /media/disk/dev
sudo mount --bind /sys /media/disk/sys
sudo mount --bind /proc /media/disk/proc

This binds /sys, /dev/ and /proc to the same folders on /media/disk. This means that /media/disk/dev/ is actually /dev/

Now we are ready to chroot. In the terminal type chroot /media/disk, where /media/disk is your mount point.

You should now see a root shell (the prompt should end in #). Any command executed here is restricted to your installed partition, and will (for the most part) operate as if you  were on your installed system.

Fix the Bootloader

Now all we need to do install the bootloader. In the terminal, paste the following two lines:

grub-install /dev/sda
update-grub

Note: This assumes that you only have one drive in your computer. If you have two, or if you are running from a LiveUSB drive, make sure you replace /dev/sda in the above command with the device from the "Find the Mount Point" section above. Do not include the number at the end of the device. For example, if the device for your partition is /dev/sdb2, then you should use grub-install /dev/sdb.

And that's it! If those commands complete without error, then reboot your computer.


How to change the gedit “Highlight current line”color?

I have 14.04, but gedit over there has an option to change color scheme --- the preferences menu is quite hidden (at least in gnome-shell), you have to go on the panel menu to find it:

(will be different in Unity), and then:

and all your color scheme will change. In the shot above, I choose "kate".

If you want to change just the color of the highlight line (for example), you should edit the style; in principle that should be easily done by changing the file

/usr/share/gtksourceview-3.0/styles/kate.xml

(reference here) and change the line

<style name="current-line"                background="#EEF6FF"/>

to your liking. Unfortunately, it doesn't work --- if anyone know why please chime in.


Access LightDM configuration in KDE system settings (Kubuntu 16.04)

You can edit the configuration file directly, but you may have to install lightdm-gtk-greeter (if not already installed).  Go to the terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install lightdm-gtk-greeter

Then edit the configuration file:

sudo nano /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf

or if you prefer to use a GUI text editor,

sudo -i kate /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf

If you want to edit the background wallpaper specifically, search for the line that begins with background= and replace the text which follows with the path to your file.  I would recommend copying your file into /usr/share/wallpapers and pointing to that path.


How can I show a variable in a dialog box

Using the code below

value="V"
dialog --title "Message" --msgbox "your value: $value" 10 20

In the first line you declares a variable with the name value and the content V. Note, that there are no spaces around = and no dollar sign before the variable name.

In the second line, you shows the variable in a message box. To access the content of the variable, you need the dollar sign here.

And here is the solution as I understand you question before my edit ;)

RESULT=$(dialog --inputbox "Enter a Line, please" 10 60 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3 3>&-); echo "result: ${RESULT}"

In the example standard out and error out is written to a variable 3 and transferred from there to the RESULT variable. These can then be easily processed in the program.

3>& – clears the variable 3.


Ubuntu 14.04 just reboots on "install Ubuntu" (Intel DB85FL)

It might be a problem with the DVD. Try using any other device like pendrive, etc.

Burn the iso to a pendrive or another DVD but this time keep the speed of burning to least possible value.


Unable to boot after accidentally unmounting all disks

If the disk with the OS on it was listed in fstab, when you reboot it should automatically re-mount it for you. If it wasn't listed there for some reason, perhaps because it was manually edited or something... or if this just isn't working you can use any number of Live boot images on a CD/DVD or on a USB drive. Once you've Live booted you can try manually mounting the drives or fixing your fstab file.


Upgrade USN-3122-1: NVIDIA graphics drivers vulnerabilities : messes up graphics

This appears to be a problem with the Nvidia 304.132 driver, according https://devtalk.nvidia.com/default/topic/974456/f24-permission-problems-/?offset=2 .

It's also being reported at https://unix.stackexchange.com/q/321185/49753 and https://superuser.com/q/1141452/231111 and many other places. Apparently the only solution at the moment is to downgrade to the previous driver version (304.131).

You can find the 304.131 drivers for Ubuntu this way:

go to https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-graphics-drivers-304/+publishinghistory
look for the version you need, and click on the version number
on the next page, look under "Builds" for your Ubuntu release, then click on the amd64 or i386 link behind the release name
on the next page, look under "Built files" for the .deb file starting with "nvidia-304_304.131". Download that file.
open a terminal and run "sudo dpkg -i path-to-downloaded-.deb-file" to install the downloaded version


cannot install nvidia-390 driver, ubuntu 18.04

nvidia-390 is part of the graphics-drivers PPA.

Run sudo /usr/bin/nvidia-uninstall to uninstall a manually installed driver, if you still got one.

Remove everything of your old NVIDIA driver (simulate first):

sudo apt remove --purge -s nvidia-*
sudo apt remove --purge -s libnvidia-*

If only nvidia packages are there to be removed, remove really:

sudo apt remove --purge nvidia-*
sudo apt remove --purge libnvidia-*

Run sudo apt update and ubuntu-drivers devices again.

If nvidia-390 is still recommended, add your output of sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall again.


Ubuntu 12.04 - help for sound under Unity, silence under XFCE4

You probably have the issue of some switches not being activated. In xfce4-mixer, Select controls... try to select most items (but look specifically for Headphone or Front), then in the Switches tab make sure that all items listed there are enabled.

When this doesn't work, I usually resort to alsamixer from the command-line.


Grub will crash on motherboard with AMD onboard graphic card

Reinstall the driver properly from the official AMD website. The driver puts its own entries into grub so it should fix the issue.


X no longer starts on successful login on Ubuntu 18.04? Successful login returns back to login screen (Login Loop)

I have fixed the issue.
Over the weekend, I had installed Java 17 manually, and I created /etc/profile.d/jdk17.sh that contained this (I created it via CLI instead of via a text editor):
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk-17
export PATH=\$PATH:\$JAVA_HOME/bin

However, my existing /etc/profile.d/jdk14.sh looked like this:
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk-14
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

It turns out, the backslashes broke the path - I was essentially setting the $PATH to nothing.
In my $HOME/.xsession-errors file, I did notice these errors:
/usr/sbin/lightdm-session: line 33: cat: command not found

/usr/sbin/lightdm-session: line 34: truncate: command not found

/usr/sbin/lightdm-session: line 33: cat: command not found

/usr/sbin/lightdm-session: line 34: truncate: command not found

/usr/sbin/lightdm-session: line 106: ls: command not found

/usr/sbin/lightdm-session: line 117: exec: startxfce4: not found

Xsession: X session started for ken at Mon Feb  8 18:15:50 EST 2021

The errors (combined with other Ask Ubuntu questions) pretty much gave it away right away what was happening - the PATH was having issues.
The issue is now solved and I am as happy as a clam.
Hopefully this helps someone else who runs into this.


Can i make a Bridge to get internet from the wifi on my laptop?

What version of Ubuntu you are using ? I have not setup one by myself but I found an official help about setting up bridge for Ubuntu which is good till version 12.04 (but they say it should work for later versions too).


Proper method for storing user input in bash scripts

Bash is not really a preferable language to write high level applications. Its strengths are in interacting with system commands and automating stuff, not that much in implementing complex business logic or doing stuff like networking. You'd make your life easier by looking into a more appropriate language for this, like e.g. Python. Anyway, of course it's possible to do that with Bash, just more difficult, especially for a beginner.

So to get back to your actual question, yes, you can use the read shell built-in to request user input and store it in shell variables, like:

read line
echo "You said <$line>"

Example run, including user input:

Hello there                                    ← this is user input
You said <Hello there>                         ← this is the output

With these two commands, I first wait for one line of user input and store it in a variable I called $line. Then I can output the variable again with the second command.

Type help read to get a full description of the read command and its available options.

You could use that in a loop to validate the input and keep asking until the answer is acceptable:

while [[ "$my_color" != "blue" && "$my_color" != "red" ]] ; do
    read -p "Pick blue or red: " my_color
done
echo "You picked $my_color."

Example run, including user input:

Pick blue or red: green
Pick blue or red:
Pick blue or red: red
You picked red.

There are more elegant ways to write menus which provide you a choice between a number of predefined options though, e.g. using select. See How can I create a select menu in a shell script? for more info about that.


What computer brands and processors do Ubuntu 18.04 LTS support

Check out Ubuntu hardware compatibility:
http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Hardware-HOWTO/
Linux Supported Processors:
http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Hardware-HOWTO/cpu.html
Also Check out Laptops that will run Linux fine:
https://www.linux-laptop.net


Installed Ubuntu 14 on my Acer Aspire 4755G can't seem to install drivers. Help?

I know it won't be a solution to the touchpad issue or audio, but I've used that computer (have one actually, just got a 7560 though that I use instead) and you simply need to plug into ethernet and run sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source to get the wifi working. If you are simply having problems with the touchpad moving too quickly or something then search in the dash for mouse, then adjust the touchpad speed to what you like. Hopefully I was of some help.


no security type suitable for rfb 3.3 supported

Try this:

$ vino-preferences

When your VNC client fails to connect with an error like “No matching security types” or “No security type suitable for RFB 3.3 supported” (or if you see a log line from vino-server like “Advertising security type 18") then type:

$ gsettings set org.gnome.Vino require-encryption false

Then try to connect again. Otherwise, post any pertinent logs.

See: Getting Remote Access To Work On Ubuntu 14.04 With Vino.


You want to create an Ubuntu live USB that boots on a non-working PC. The good news is, PC's and Macs are equally capable of this. There's no impediment to creating the flash drive for the PC just because you're doing it on a Mac.

Assuming this Mac is of relatively recent vintage, and thus has an Intel processor, the ISO images you'd write to USB for use on a Mac would be the same or similar. But even if they weren't, the architecture of an ISO image being written to a USB flash drive would not have to be the same as the architecture of the machine writing it.

Writing an Ubuntu Live USB on a Mac, to Use on a PC

Assuming your Mac is running OS X, you can write the ISO image to the USB flash drive using this method or one of the methods presented here. It's advisable first to check the ISO's MD5SUM (see below for why this may be a particularly good idea in your situation).

So here's a summary of one pretty easy way, from beginning to end:

Download a desktop ISO image. Make sure it's suitable for the computer on which you want to use it. So long as you get it from there and it's a .iso file, it will be suitable, unless your laptop has a 32-bit processor and you use the 64-bit ISO image. (The other way around is fine, though if you plan to install Ubuntu on the laptop and the laptop is 64-bit, you should strongly consider the 64-bit version.)
Open Terminal.app (shown as Terminal in Applications / Utilities). Type openssl md5 followed by a space. Drag the ISO image you downloaded from the Finder to the Terminal (this pastes its full path). Press Enter. Make sure the MD5 checksum you're shown is correct for whichever ISO file you have.
There's an easy graphical way to write the ISO to a USB flash drive. Ironically, the resultant flash drive will work on a PC but not a Mac. You only want to use it on a PC, though.

So it makes sense for you to use UNetbootin for Mac OS X. Get it from there, then run it, open up the ISO image you downloaded (select Diskimage instead of Distribution in UNetbootin), and write it to the USB flash drive.

UNetbootin on Mac OS X, about to write an Ubuntu ISO to a USB drive (image contributed by Elisabeth Terrio)

Be careful not to write it to the wrong drive, as if you do that, it will overwrite that drive's contents with an Ubuntu live system!

Can it be used on the non-working / stuffed / borked laptop?

The bad news is that your laptop could be broken in ways that keep it from booting at all, even from a USB flash drive.

This is why it's a good idea to MD5 test the ISO as described above. If it doesn't work, you don't know if it's a bad download ...or just trouble getting the Toshiba laptop to boot it.

But if the OS is installed on your laptop (here, Windows) is what's broken, that's fine. You can boot from an Ubuntu live USB. With the live system, you can use the computer (but you cannot save any files permanently to the live system, you must use a separate volume for that). You can also access files in the Windows system (which is handy, as it lets you recover documents and other important files).

You can also install Ubuntu. If you don't plan to attempt repairing your Windows system, the best way is usually to offload all the important files from it, then install Ubuntu to use the entire disk (which will overwrite it, so you must have your documents elsewhere, preferably in two places so they're backed up).


unable to mount New Volume from Ubuntu 14.04

There might be some problem in your ntfs partition.

You can fix it using ntfsfix

Open terminal and type

  sudo ntfsfix /dev/sda2

After successful completion of command try to remount the portition.


Is it normal for a program to bring down my Desktop

If your system suffers from an Out-of-memory condition, there is a low-level key combination that will kill the process that uses the most RAM. To do so, press Alt + SysRq + F.

More of these "Magic SysRq Key" combinations can be found here.


gksudo vmware-installer -u vmware-player will do the trick for you.


Splitting a file in two at the first occurrence of an specified string

May I recommend the use of  csplit (context split), a la:

csplit [options] file PATTERN

For example, let's take a file filename containing

one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight

with the command csplit filename /four/

we get file xx00 with

one
two
three

and file xx01 with

four
five
six
seven
eight

More detail can be found at http://docstore.mik.ua/orelly/unix/upt/ch35_10.htm and also at https://davidlyness.com/post/the-functional-and-performance-differences-of-sed-awk-and-other-unix-parsing-utilities


Parcellite does not want to start on boot?

I had the same problem on Ubuntu 16.04.

I think when installing parcellite has automatically created the Startup Applications entry, which simply started parcellite. So basically it was running (I saw a process in System Monitor), but it was not working: i.e. no icon in the Panel and the keyboard shortcuts did not work.

Starting it from the terminal directly worked. But starting it from the sh shell didn't. Has anyone an idea why?

Anyway. The way I "fixed" this is to start the parcellite command in the bash shell: here's the command that I've now used in the Startup Application:

bash -c "parcellite &"


Intel Computer Stick Black screen after restore clonezilla image

Never mind i found the problem to be generated by GPT and UEFI partitions. I solved the problem creating & restoring an image using dd command.


Baseline
"Installing" a program is a broad term. The actual definition is

Place or fix (equipment or machinery) in position ready for use.

So basically, just having something in the right position and setup to be able to function and be used properly. This is the definition of the term that I'll be using throughout this answer.
Process
APT (Advanced Packaging Tool)
The actual "under-the-hood" process of apt-get is explained very well by muru in this post. This basically covers what the command does and what it accesses. I'm linking to his answer because I don't want to duplicate the same answer on a different question, I just want to reference it.
Basic installation concept
Theoretically, just moving the executable file to the bin folder and having your bash environment point to that folder as its PATH, as well as moving any additional files to another directory (usually /var/) and referenced by the executable should be fine to "install" something. But, the things that are downloaded and moved by a package varies greatly between different packages as I mention later in this answer. So, this process isn't especially useful unless you're installing either your own package that you know where to put the files (even then, you should probably package it into a .deb file for autonomy) or a very basic package.
Extra Files
APT (Advanced Packaging Tool)
This varies heavily for each package installed. This mostly deals with dependencies as these are the things that you aren't explicitly telling Ubuntu to install, but it needs to  in order to properly install the package you specified. If you want to remove these files then, in theory, you would have to manually go through each dependency installed and remove  them. But, there are two ways to deal with these files without doing that. apt-get comes with two useful commands,

apt-get remove --purge [package]
apt-get autoremove

The first command tells Ubuntu to remove all configuration/extra files along with the core files of a specific package. However, this does not remove the dependencies that were installed with the package. To do that, we have to use our second command.
The second command tells Ubuntu to remove all orphaned packages. An orphaned package is a package that was installed as a dependency, but is no longer needed by any other packages. Doing both of these commands will remove all files that were initially downloaded/installed from the original installation.
There may be other minor things that are specific to the package installed that need to be manually reverted such as additional configuration files or default application associations, but those should be easy to reverse.
Basic removal concept
As stated in the Basic installation concept section above, you really just have to move all required files to the correct paths referenced by your bash and system environment. To rid the system of these files, just reverse the process by going back to whatever directory they were placed in and remove them from there. This usually doesn't apply to most packages installed, but it is the basic concept.


User,

Why do you think it could be your video driver?
May be is render mode, that use in your VLC...

You can try this:

Open VLC, then press Ctrl + P (to get in preference)
It open another window. Go to video item (at your left) and see Output.

There is a lot of render mode, I use OpenGL, but you can select another to try get better performance.

Is this issue with all your videos?

Take Care.


Unable to install Ubuntu MATE 15.10 on Alienware 15; missing drive and confusing boot options

Uninstalled Windows 10, and while Gparted doesn't see the SSD, I can install Ubuntu to it in either boot mode.


Cannot install anything in the Ubuntu Software Center

From your error message it looks like you added this PPA, which does not contain any packages. This is what is causing these problems. To fix this, go to Applications -> Software Center -> Edit -> Software Sources -> Other Software and uncheck these entries:

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-advertising/ppa/ubuntu maverick main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-advertising/ppa/ubuntu maverick main


Failed to get GUI / graphics Ubuntu 20.04 (Nvidia 2080Ti)

How comes you think that it's graphic card related?

I think you need to update the motherboard first.

I would do:

Check if installation USB is not corrupted
Reinstall again.
Same    Problem? -> Update/Downgrade Motherboard.
Reinstall again.

I think it's because you PC is new and you obviously didn't update motherboard. :-)


open your terminal and type as xfwm4 --replace

If thats not worked then do as

press ALT+F2 then type as xfwm4.


How to make WINE be quiet about MSVCR errors?

You can have a lot of control on the wine error output, to turn off all the fixme, just run:

WINEDEBUG=fixme-all wine python.exe program

You can read the wine man page to find all the possible options.


Are you sure this is not because of inactivity. What I would try to do would be to install the powertop package in software-center or by sudo apt-get install powertop then run sudo powertop and for all usb devices in tunables set it so it says bad while this may use a tiny bit more power it will stop the power managment from switching off usb devices. This questoin could provide more insight on this but this sounds like a usb power managemnt problem. Also since this happens at the login screen this could be it is at inactivity which is why you see no reason for it and appears random to you but it is not. How can I disable usb-autosuspend for a specific device? is also likely to help you.


The Panel in 11.04 is a part of the new Ubuntu Interface Unity.

Now about moving indicators and right-click to add applets like previous versions of Ubuntu, this is not possible.

The only possible thing is to add more Indicators to the panel :
List of Application indicators

And there is a way to change the Opacity of the panel, by using ccsm: Click to install

This can be done by going to Desktop --> Ubuntu Unity Plugin --> Experimental

And for the Ubuntu Logo: This can be done by changing the theme or just the icons:


If you've plenty of ram on your machine, use whichever you prefer. KDE Partition Manager uses the Qt5 toolkit, Gparted uses GTK3 (3.x depending on your release) - so if you use a different one to libraries in your unstated machine, you'll just waste memory during use.

Lubuntu for example used gparted up to release 18.04 LTS, however later releases use KDE Partition Manager, as it's more memory efficient on the LXQt desktop used by Lubuntu 18.10 and later releases.

With my machines 8GB of ram; I'm not worried which I use (I can afford the memory hit regardless of whether I'm using LXQt (Lubuntu) or XFCE/GNOME (Xubuntu/GNOME).


In Ubuntu 18.04.04, the xorg tty changes from tty1 to tty7 when I replace the display manager gdm3 by lightdm. To replace the display manager, I run

sudo apt-get install lightdm

Likewise, the xorg tty changes from tty7 to tty1 when I replace lightdm by gdm3.

Yet another approach involves editing /etc/X11/xinit/xserverrc. In xserverrc, replace the line

exec /usr/bin/X -nolisten tcp "$@"

with

exec /usr/bin/X -nolisten tcp "$@" vt$XDG_VTNR

where $XDG_VTNR specifies the number of your tty.


Try boot-repair, by booting into Ubuntu from Live-USB or Live-DVD.

Installing 'boot repair' with Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) by typing the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair

Run/Open 'boot-repair'

sudo boot-repair

Click on Recommended repair and write on a piece of paper the new URL that will appear. Finally, reboot your PC!


How to install mpfr-3.1.2 in Ubuntu 13.04

Availble mpfr version for 13.04 is 3.1.1-1. See packages.ubuntu.com for information.

You can install it by :

sudo apt-get install libmpfr-dev libmpfr-doc libmpfr4 libmpfr4-dbg


.local hostname resolution is slow on 20.04

Looks like the solution might be to not depend on nss-mdns at all. I was unfamiliar with systemd-resolved, which appears to have mdns resolution capability. It appears to outperform nss-mdns. However, mdns in systemd-resolved appears to be off by default. Here's how I activated it and deactivated nss-mdns.
Change /etc/nsswitch.config
hosts:          files dns myhostname

Edit /etc/systemd/resolved.conf
MulticastDNS=yes

Create new /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/mdns.conf containing
[connection]
connection.mdns=2

Restart NetworkManager:
sudo service NetworkManager restart

Might also need to restart systemd-resolved
sudo service systemd-resolved restart

Test results with:
resolvectl mdns

When it's working:
Global: yes
Link 2 (enp0s5): yes

Now
time ping -c1 invasion.local

completes in under 150ms.


Font manager, which is available in the repos, is what youre looking for. Click here to install it.


Tomb Raider 2013 Steam Wine - How to compile Wine Patch?

The Tomb Raider patch is supposed to work fine with Wine 1.5.

Because I needed more recent unpatched versions of Wine for other applications, and hard drive space is not an issue here, I decided to install and run TR 2013 from a custom Wine installation using a virtual drive from playonlinux .

Playonlinux provides a version of Wine (1.5.28-TombRaider) with this patch already included ready for download.

I found this running TR 2013 (Steam) without issues (except the here still unsolved  360° mouse issue and an incomplete support of an xbox 360 pad) on my 32-bit Wine Nvidia 337 driven system.


Short answer NO, you can't just install Ubuntu on any phone or tablet, though there are a few that you can, I am sure in the future we will see many Touch roms for ARM devices

If you have an x86 phone or tablet (like a surface tablet) you can install the desktop version of Ubuntu on it with a USB as normal.

If you have an Android device (ARM), you can port Ubuntu touch, some high end devices already have roms on XDA and Nexus devices are supported.

If you have an ianything then, no you can't.


Synaptics drivers are not loading on Kubuntu 13.10 on Dell Vostro 2420

I got the solution at
http://www.dahetral.com/public-download

downloading and installing this solves my problem :)

Follow these steps and touchpad will be detected by the system

Download file from
http://www.dahetral.com/public-download

Install

extract psmouse-alps-1.3-alt.tbz to /
For this you open Terminal
run su
Go to the downloaded file folder and execute the following
run tar  -xvf psmouse-alps-1.3-alt.tbz
run mv usr/src/psmouse-alps-1.3 /usr/src
run dkms add psmouse/alps-1.3
run dkms install psmouse/alps-1.3
reboot

Uninstall :
1. dkms remove psmouse/alps-1.3 --all
2. delete psmouse/alps-1.3


I can't update any packages nor can upgrade and all this started when I tried to install flashplugin which popup after I tried to upgrade last time

For the missing partial:

sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/apt/lists/partial


How to make static IP address dynamic in /etc/network/interfaces

I got the answer from superuser site. The debian manual says that it is possible to configure an interface without an IP address like this:

   iface eth0 inet manual
      pre-up /path/to/script/which_changes_your_ip.sh
      post-down /path/to/script/which_removes_your_ip.sh

I am not sure how I can give credit to the person who gave me the solution. So I will just accept my answer itself.


How to install virtualbox on Ubuntu 19.10 (secure boot not enabled)?

According to this bug report:

sudo modprobe vboxdrv

solves the issue.


I. (GUI method) Right Click the file >> Properties >> Permissions >> (check) Allow executing file as program

Reference

OR

II. (Teminal method)

chmod +x /path/to/yourscript.sh
bash /path/to/yourscript.sh

Reference


Unable to build or view pdf files in TexMaker

"File not found" is the message you get if you try to view the PDF before compiling the .tex file. Make sure you compile it and that there are no errors in the log output.


Are there new instructions for building an upstream kernel with an overlay directory?

As suggested by @DougSmythies in this very helpful answer, it's OK to skip the overlay directory stuff which is what I did. I paid a little more attention to configuration options, including scripts/config --set-str SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS "" and got a new kernel that addressed my needs in terms of drivers.


I've faced a similar problem. The problem was that package repository mirror on rs.archive.ubuntu.com was not available. So I did the following to choose another mirror:

Open the sources.list file with your favourite text editor, e.g.

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Change the repostory URLs from rs.archive.ubuntu.com to another, e.g. us.archive.ubuntu.com
Save the file
Run a package list update, e.g.

sudo apt-get update

This should run without errors.


What does this "(base)" mean in my terminal prompt?

It is most likely that the last program or script that you invoked didn't correctly ended with a new line character.

Here is a simple example:

#!/bin/bash
printf "test"

Copy this content into your editor and save it as a file called test.sh

Then make it an executable

chmod 755 test.sh

and invoke it with

./test.sh

The output will be

fedaa@fedaa-Satellite-L50-B:~$./test.sh
test fedaa@fedaa-Satellite-L50-B:~$

If you add a \n (new line character)

#!/bin/bash
printf "who\n"

the result will be

fedaa@fedaa-Satellite-L50-B:~$./test.sh
test
fedaa@fedaa-Satellite-L50-B:~$

In case you are using anaconda or the conda environment, look at this link

https://conda.io/docs/user-guide/getting-started.html

To see a list of all your environments, type:

conda info --envs

A list of environments appears, similar to the following:

conda environments:

    base           /home/username/Anaconda3
    snowflakes   * /home/username/Anaconda3/envs/snowflakes

In that case (base) marks you are using the default anaconda environment.

To deactivate the environment, type

 source deactivate

After recent changes in the functioning of conda package manager , the use of "source deactivate " is being depreciated and support for this command might  be ended.

However

conda deactivate

is more suitable to be used.

In newer anaconda releases simply type this conda command in your shell:

 conda config --set auto_activate_base False


password reconnecting to wireless network Ubuntu 12.04?

I met the same question as you on Ubuntu12.04 platform.

I check modprobe and found that there are two module conflict with my wireless network card, which is rtl8192cu and rtl8192c_common.

You can user lsmod to check the module.

I add these to context into /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

blacklist rtl8192cu
blacklist rtl8192c_common

then I reinstall my wireless network driver and reboot, and finally I can access the Internet.


How do I automount partitions on statup, Xubuntu 14.04

From Ubuntu 12.10 onwards, the steps in this answer applies for automounting partitions. The Disks utility (formerly palimpsest) (which is already installed on Ubuntu, but perhaps not on Xubuntu) should be enough. If it isn't installed, click here to install it, or use this command:

sudo apt-get install gnome-disk-utility

Open it, select your disk and partition, and click on the gear icon to get to mount options and enable automount. Screenshots are available in the linked answer.


HELP! WI-FI is not working at all for Ubuntu 17.10

Please run the terminal command:

sudo modprobe wl

I suspect that the response will be:

  modprobe: ERROR: could not insert 'wl': Required key not available

This is the subject of a recent and still open bug in Ubuntu: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/bcmwl/+bug/1572659

It appears that the only solution so far is to enter the computer's BIOS and turn off Secure Boot.

Secure Boot is a security standard developed by the PC industry to help make sure that your PC boots using only software that is trusted by the PC manufacturer


Are there any Achievement and Leaderboard services for gamers and game developers?

Not that I know of. Certaintly not installed by default (like Game Center is on OS X).

Note that Steam is an option, now that it's on Linux. I'd go for that, especially since it's cross-platform. However, that's just my personal opinion.


Can't Move the Dropbox Folder to Ext4 or NTFS partition

Take a look at https://www.dropboxforum.com/t5/Error-messages/Ubuntu-16-04-Error-moving-files-to-new-ext4-location/m-p/304087#M17994

Basically, use a subfolder of the new ext4 partition as target for dropbox. It worked for me.


The post in that thread links to the specific revision where it was fixed on 2014-08-05. The latest version is 1.5-4 which was released 2014-10-10 to be available for 14.10 (as the author said it would be), so it includes that fix.

You can try installing the new version from the PPA but it may depend on newer software than you have with Precise.

You could also try compiling your version from source after making the fix yourself


Add a new mirror to the list

To add a new mirror URL to the list in the Software & Updates program, you can edit the mirror list directly:

sudo nano /usr/share/python-apt/templates/Ubuntu.mirrors

and add the requisite line. Locate the correct section (lloks like the LOD:SG in your example: http://mirror.0x.sg/ubuntu/) and simply add it.

Launch Software & Updates again, and run the mirror list test.

Manual update of existing mirrors

Otherwise you can update your mirrors manually via a command line:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

In nano, type Ctrl + \ (shortcuts at the bottom, the ^ means Ctrl , M- is Alt)

Type the string you want to replace (eg, gb.archive.ubuntu.com) and press enter

Then type the string you want (eg mirror.0x.sg), return

Then "A"

That should re-write all the URLs in the file.


I would advise against erasing secure keys. Those could really mess up your boot in case you don't know what you're doing. All your questions will depend on your BIOS-- I've yet to see one that will not allow you to revert back/switch to non-secure boot.
As for the steps, that again depends on your BIOS.
I'm not terribly sure about your last question( it is possible to upload a normal image in secure-boot EVM Board?), but I don't think there should be any complications, and don't believe it will cause any irreversible problems if it can't.


Dell Inspiron 13 7000 2-in-1 linux support

I have an Inspiron 17 7000 series 2in1 and the ubuntu experience is near flawless.  A simple install too. My only possible issue is lower battery life, but not sure of the cause yet.


How to disable mouse acceleration in 17.04

apparently some changes in the underlying code make it necessary to change the command you used to: xinput --set-prop 'USB OPTICAL MOUSE' 'libinput Accel Profile Enabled' 0, 1


Restore internet after TorGuard messed it up

I discovered resolv.conf was pointing to 127.0.0.53 changing that to 8.8.8.8 fixed the issue.

sudo sh -c "echo nameserver 8.8.8.8 > /etc/resolv.conf"
sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service


How to know the version of Thunderbird Mail in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS?

One easy way: http://packages.ubuntu.com

  Package thunderbird
  bionic-updates (mail): Email, RSS and newsgroup client with integrated spam filter
  1:68.4.1+build1-0ubuntu0.18.04.1: amd64 arm64 armhf i386 ppc64el s390x

Another easy way: The rmadison command (included with the devscripts package)

 $ rmadison thunderbird | grep bionic-updates
  thunderbird | 1:68.4.1+build1-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 | bionic-updates   | source, amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, ppc64el, s390x


Disable and enable audio output from the command line

At pulseaudio level:

  pactl list sinks |egrep -e 'Sink|State|Mute'

Example of output:

Sink #0
           State: SUSPENDED
           Mute: yes
Sink #1
           State: RUNNING
            Mute: yes

Current audio output is #1. So toggle it:

  pactl set-sink-mute 1 toggle

At alsa level:

  amixer -q -D pulse sset Master toggle


Connect to Ubuntu Server over SSH and having root permissions

Normally, it's not possible normally to log in as root. If you changed your configuration then browse to:

ssh://root@host

in Nautilus (the file manager).

If it's not possible to login via root in Nautilus, than you have a problem, because you can't change the user in Nautilus.

A better way is to connect via:

ssh username@host

in a terminal.

Become root access via:

su -

and change the permissions or use sudo and change your permissions with:

sudo chown ...

or:

sudo chmod ...


Is there a difference between installing an application via Ubuntu Software Center or a terminal?

That is not really accurate, but not far off.

The Ubuntu Software Center is a set of repositories. Many, many applications are already in the repositories. To install those you do not need to add a new repository.

When one installs an application that has its own repository (virtualbox) and you want to use command line apt-get or the software center you need to have the repository added, key added and then update (apt-get update). There are also additional repositories that have large numbers of applications like playdeb which has many, many games in their repository.

After that you can install from a repository using either the GUI software center or command line apt-get install xxx

You can also install a .deb file using dpkg or other installs can be done using a binary installer or even just uncompressing the binary files.

Summary:

Not all applications have to be installed from a repository
Many thousands and applications are already in repositories pre-configured
on initial install
You can add repositories and then use either GUI or command line to install applications from them
You can install programs that are not in repositories by using .deb files, binaries or compressed files
Applications installed from a repository will be, if possible, upgraded when you run the update and upgrade commands. One caveat is after a distribution upgrade 11.10 to 12.04 for example)... in that case you would need to re-add any repositories you have previously added.


How to uninstall programs in Ubuntu Mate 16.04?

You can use command line and introduce these commands:

sudo apt-get remove <program name>
sudo apt-get purge <program name>

First (apt-get remove) will remove program, but save its configuration files (usually in /etc); but the second (apt-get purge) will remove program with its configuration files.


Ubuntu upgrades break ethernet connection

That's a bug in the e1000e driver, it's discussed here:
http://www.spinics.net/lists/netdev/msg276476.html

Just for extended fun: The Thinkpad L440 has the same issue.
26 Mar 2014: A patch for this issue was submitted into our internal queue on Monday and is in review/testing.

I'm pretty sure that using the latest driver from intel fixes your issue.


Are you shure, that your BIOS supports booting from USB?

If your BIOS does not list USB, make shure you pluged in your device BEFORE starting your laptop.

Do you have UEFI? Maybe this is your problem.

Maybe this site will help you.

EDIT:

Maybe you have to activate your USB device in the BIOS, search for "Inegrated Peripherals"


is it better to have a separate partition for /boot?

Exactly what you said. For example, i once had (am talking about 9.04 or 9.10 here) a problem where the root partition got all weird on me. Since i had the boot partition in the same place as everything else i could not boot and try to fix anything. After that i learned that i should have the boot part separate from the rest since in some extreme cases if something goes bad, it will go bad only the specific partition. I also recommend to have not only the partition of boot separate from others but the home also separate so in the event of updating or reinstalling you do not need to do a backup for all your things.

It also helps to have the boot part in another partition since if it happens to malfunction you know you have everything in another partition safe from harm.


Is pad.ubuntu.com available for everyone?

The link you posted is actually only for UDS/Ubuntu but the software used is etherpad and you can use it yourself on localhost with a browser.

Etherpad was bought by Google and they open source'd it (More info). That link has several working instances of forks of Etherpad: Piratepad, Typewith.me, iEtherpad. You can use these with your friends but all of these are untrusted and use a remote server to host your files so be careful). Random image from those links:

All the Ubuntu debs and ppas I found are really old (like from hardy) so if you want your own version on your own system Google supplies instructions on compiling and running the latest version of Etherpad. From the link:

Requirements

Java 1.6 (tested with 1.6.0_10)
Scala 2.7 (tested with 2.7.4)
MySQL Server 5.1 (tested with 5.1.41)
mysql-connector-java (tested with 5.1.0)

Environment
Various scripts make assumptions about environment variables:

JAVA should be set to the java executable.
JAVA_HOME should be set to the main jdk directory.
SCALA should be set to the scala executable.
SCALA_HOME should be set to the main scala distribution directory.
PATH should contain $JAVA, $SCALA, and mysql
MYSQL_CONNECTOR_JAR should be set to the mysql-connector JAR file included in the mysql-connector download.

Database Setup

The scripts assume mysqld is running on localhost. Once mysqld is running, you can set up the etherpad database by running the following command inside ajcode/etherpad/.

sudo bin/setup-mysql-db.sh

This will create a database called "etherpad" with the password "password", and grant privileges to the user "etherpad". All the tables will be set up the first time etherpad is run.

Compiling

EtherPad compiles all its Java and Scala libraries into a single JAR. To build this jar, you can run the following command inside ajcode/etherpad/.

bin/rebuildjar.sh

If you modify anything in ajcode/infrastructure, you will most likely need to kill the server, rebuild the jar, and re-launch the server before your change takes effect. Code inside ajcode/etherpad/src can be modified while the server is running, and the changes will automatically get picked up.

Running

To run the etherpad web server, execute the following command inside ajcode/etherpad/.

bin/run-local.sh

The first time you run this, it should print out lots of messages about database migrations and finally print:

HTTP server listening on http://localhost:9000/

At this point, you should be able to visit http://localhost:9000/ in your web browser and create a new pad.


How to change the default shell of at command

Please see this question that was posted on the Unix & Linux Stack Exchange. The first sentence says:

  Under Linux, at always warns you that it will execute the specified
  commands with /bin/sh, rather than your favorite shell. You cannot
  suppress this message, it's hard-coded in the source code.

It also suggests a workaround:

  The command you pass is interpreted by /bin/sh. This command can be the path to a script if you like; then /bin/sh will execute the script program, causing the script's interpreter to be launched and to interpret the script. The language of the script is completely independent of the program that starts it. So if for example you want to execute a bash script (i.e. a script that begins with #!/bin/bash), just pass the path to the script to at and ignore the irrelevant message.

So, to run your commands with bash instead of sh, you could pass a script to at. As long as the script has a shebang line, it will be executed by whatever program the shebang is pointing to. If you use #!/bin/bash, it will be executed by bash.


libapache2-mod-php5 : Depends: php5-common

Your problem is that you have an unofficial PPA which is breaking your install procedure.  To remediate this, run the below commands:

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:ondrej/php5-oldstable
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:ondrej/php5

This PPA is providing a different (old) version of PHP instead of the proper version that Ubuntu wants.

Run these commands to add the extra repositories:

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo add-apt-repository multiverse

Now, run:

sudo apt-get update

Your repository information will be the official Ubuntu ones. Install libapache2-mod-php5 using this command:

sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5

Note: You may need to uninstall the old PHP packages first. Command:

sudo apt-get remove php5 php5-common php5-mysql php5-xmlrpc php5-cgi php5-curl php5-gd php5-cli php5-fpm php-apc php-pear php5-dev php5-imap php5-mcrypt

You should not add PPAs unless you absolutely need them. They can break more than they solve and can cause problems like this. Also, unofficial PPAs are attack vectors for potential viruses. Unless you really need to use a PPA, don't.


LibreOffice Impress importing EPS images

If you have Imagemagick installed try to convert the eps file in another format ( e.g. png).

   convert mypic.eps mypic.png

If the problem is related to internal command of the eps file you should overcome it.

If you need high definition try

  convert -density 600 mypic.eps -resize 1024x1024 mypic.png

Change value for density in 150 300 600, or size (instead of 1024x1024) as needed


Libreoffice impress doesn't work on Kubuntu 18.04

Let's try this the easy way first:

Open a terminal window (Ctrl+Alt+t), and enter the command

libreoffice --safe-mode

In the window (that should open)  choose "Configure" and "Disable Hardware Acceleration (OpenGL/OpenCL), then "Apply changes and Restart"

Then close this application, and open LibreOffice Impress or LibreOffice Writer.

A slightly mode difficult way to do this would be to re-write all of the user configurations for LibreOffice.  To do this, Open a terminal window and enter the command

mv ~/.config/libreoffice ~/.config/libreoffice.bak

This will reset all user LibreOffice configurations to 'stock'


How to Install the Mathematica Iso File?

You don't install an ISO. You either burn it to a CD/DVD/USB or you mount it. Consider it the same as a live Ubuntu session you download and burn.
Depending on the content you can then install software or execute a script to start software from the device/mount.


After installing Thunar and removing nautilus lost my desktop icons and files

Thunar doesn't handle the desktop.

http://wiki.xfce.org/releng/4.10/roadmap/thunar#for_412_replace_xfdesktop_by_adding_a_thunarx_interface_for_desktop_extensions

You might get this script to work to do what you want, but you might be better of re-installing nautilus and using thunar as the file manager.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DefaultFileManager#Script_to_change_Thunar_to_be_the_default_file_manager


Ubuntu 15.04 fresh install: Can't rename gnome-terminal tabs

The .bashrc solution proposed by Kirby worked for me:

set-title(){
  ORIG=$PS1
  TITLE="\e]2;$@\a"
  PS1=${ORIG}${TITLE}
}

then from my prompt: $ set-title test-title


Ubuntu 14.04 booting system without full network configuration

If this is the case you can try with some changes,

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

After this press CtrlX and N to remove the changes. After doing this it is must to restarts the system.

sudo reboot

Hope this helps.


Managed to fix it: Here is what I did.

In grub I choose recovery mode. I noticed that my file-exchange partition could not be mounted. Normally, during boot you can just skip the it then...

Here however, this was not possible: The error was, that for some reason the name of the file exchange partition was the same as the /home partition (/dev/sda5).

Therefore, I went into the fstab file and removed the entry for the file-exchange partition (which I did not edit manually, but with the program 'Storage Device Manager').

Now, everything works fine.


In my version of Ubuntu (16.04) I can left click and select parameters (not sure if I correctly translated the menu item) - there I can see all layouts and combination for layout switch. One can also add/remove layouts from that dialog.
Is this what you asking?


How to find an application's command, graphically or otherwise?

I know you prefer a graphical route but here's my effort as a learner of CLI stuff ...

To list names with commands:

grep '^Name=' /usr/share/applications/*.desktop > ~/Desktop/mgtl1.txt && grep -h '^Exec=' /usr/share/applications/*.desktop > ~/Desktop/mgtl2.txt && paste -d':' ~/Desktop/mgtl1.txt ~/Desktop/mgtl2.txt > ~/Desktop/mgtl3.txt && perl -p -i -e 's/\/usr\/share\/applications\///'g ~/Desktop/mgtl3.txt && perl -p -i.bak -e 's/\n/\n\n/'g mgtl3.txt && perl -p -i.bak -e 's/:/\n/'g mgtl3.txt

will create four files on the desktop and mgtl3.txt will look like this in part:

apport-gtk-mime.desktop
Name=Report a problem...
Exec=/usr/share/apport/apport-gtk -c %f

audacity.desktop
Name=Audacity
Exec=audacity %F

blueman-manager.desktop
Name=Bluetooth Manager
Exec=blueman-manager

To find the command for any software
Launch the software. Then, run

COLUMNS=150 ps -ef > ~/Desktop/out.txt

Examine the last few lines of out.txt for the relevant command.


Move Ubuntu from an SSD to a partition on another SSD

You can install ubuntu onto the 2nd SSD so you'll get to set dual booting option, afterward, using clonezilla or similar cloning tool, clone ubuntu file system partition from SSD1 into ubuntu filesystem partition in SSD2.
you just need to make sure you clone it into the correct partition on SSD2, so I advice create a drive image of your SSD2 with clonezilla before trying... so if you make a mistake, you can restore it.
This is just how I would do it, so I hope other people can provide a less complicated and safer option.


Ubuntu 18.04 SSD sometimes freeze for seconds

Same problem here. Solved by firmware update: SBFKB1C3 (update tool only available for MS Windows: https://www.kingston.com/us/support/technical/ssdmanager).


How do I import contacts from Gmail into Ubuntu One?

You would need to export your Google Contacts into Evolution and then follow the instructions set out on Ubuntu One Exporting Contacts


20.04 -- power settings for display -- it doesn't turn off

Depending on your laptop type maybe you should remove the battery and then the AC cable from the laptop and hold the power button for 15 seconds and then power it back on.


Cannot connect wireless internet with 12.10 on Dell Inspiron 1525

I used this laptop with ubuntu 10.04 two years ago.For using Wi-Fi, you must open the Software Sources and then open the tab "Additional Drivers", probably you can see the Wi-Fi driver for your Dell.Activate it and connect a wireless network.
Or run the following command in terminal:

sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

After that restart computer.


To install Google Earth, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

For 32bit:

wget https://dl.google.com/dl/earth/client/current/google-earth-stable_current_i386.deb

For 64bit:

wget https://dl.google.com/dl/earth/client/current/google-earth-stable_current_amd64.deb

Once the download is done, just run the 2 commands below:

sudo dpkg -i google-earth-stable*.deb
sudo apt-get -f install

Once installed, you can run it multiple ways:

Launch the software from the Dash.
Press Alt and F2 and type google-earth.
Open a terminal and type google-earth &.


Adjust resolution in xfce4 virtualbox guest guest

After having installed the Guest Additions (which involves mounting of the Guest Additions iso in the guest OS and running the installation script as root) we are able to change the virtual screen resolution either by the Display Settings

or, when Auto-Resize Guest Display (Host + G) was enabled from View menu in the Virtual Box Manager, by dragging the guest OS windows with the mouse to the desired size (this resulted in the odd resolution 1920 x 1034 depicted here).

To find out if the virtual graphic adapter from guest additions was loaded we can in the guest OS issue

lspci | grep VGA

This should give us

VGA compatible controller: InnoTek Systemberatung GmbH VirtualBox Graphics Adapter

If that is not the case you my want to try installing the guest additions again. You may also want to update your installation of Virtual Box on the host.


Open a terminal and run:

sudo tasksel install mail-server

That will give you a fully functional mail server with sane defaults.

For more information on how to set up a more customized solution, refer to the following resources:

Ubuntu Server Guide on E-Mail Services
Setting up an Ubuntu System as an Email Server


The installer needs to commit changes to partition, but cannot do so because partitions on the following could not be unmounted. /isodevice

You cannot (easily) install Ubuntu to the drive you are booting from.

The best choice here would be create another installation USB drive with an USB pen or something similar and use that pen to boot installing the system to the USB 1Tb drive.

For more information about how to do so please visit the following links

Is it possible to install without a Live CD?


Pdfjam ERROR: LaTeX package pdfpages.sty is not installed

According to packages.ubuntu.com you need to install texlive-latex-recommended package to get pdfpages.sty:

sudo apt-get install texlive-latex-recommended


get rid of flat menu (without hierarchy) in gnome-shell

You're using the Applications Menu Gnome Shell extension in the screenshot. Its homepage is here. You could get involved by contacting the developers, contributing to their code, etc. You could even make your own extension that would open menu contents to the right as opposed to a drop-down. As far as I know, the Applications Menu Gnome Shell extension doesn't offer the option of making menu content expand to the side.


To install in Ubuntu (16.04, 15.10, 15.04 and 14.04) or Linux Mint (17.x or 18) and derivatives. To add the PPA and install WinUSB, use the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt update
apt install winusb


iptables rule to force all browsers to use proxy

First block direct access to port 80 for all except root and squid. (root needs it to get updates for your system). (I'm assuming squid runs as user proxy - edit as appropriate).

iptables -A OUTPUT -m owner --uid-owner root -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -m owner --uid-owner proxy -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP

Then you can set up firefox to use squid as a proxy as normal. If your friends change the settings then they will be blocked.

Note that squid can't proxy https traffic, so I haven't put those details in these rules. If you want to do only filtering with no proxying or caching, then you could use DansGuardian. This is a guide to using dansguardian with some users excluded from the filtering. The guide will mean that https (port 443) will be filtered by DansGuardian, as well as http (port 80).


Updated answer :

As this very special NVIDIA drivers version 304.125 is not available in the repositories and also not in any (not depreciated) Launchpad PPA you will have to install the NVIDIA drivers manually.

Before you install the drivers remove every NVIDIA related software and external repositories !

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:mamarley/nvidia
sudo ppa-purge ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Download and install the drivers from NVIDIA website following the installation instructions.

When you have a 64 bit version of Ubuntu -> NVIDIA LINUX X64 DISPLAY DRIVERS 304.125

Install instructions : NVIDIA Accelerated Linux Graphics Driver README and Installation Guide

When you have a 32 bit version of Ubuntu -> NVIDIA LINUX X86 DISPLAY DRIVERS 304.125

Install instructions : NVIDIA Accelerated Linux Graphics Driver README and Installation Guide


How do I permanently stop Ubuntu from "recording" and displaying recently used files?

This worked for me on manjaro cinnamon, disabled Recent Files

http://www.webupd8.org/2012/12/nautilus-36-how-to-clear-recent-files.html

To clear the Nautilus "Recent" files, you need to remove the "~/.local/share/recently-used.xbel" file - to do this from the command line, copy/paste the command below in a terminal:

rm ~/.local/share/recently-used.xbel

To permanently disable any recent files from showing up in the Nautilus Recent sidebar item, open the "~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini" file with a text editor:

gedit ~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini

and under "[Settings]", add the following lines:

gtk-recent-files-max-age=0
gtk-recent-files-limit=0

If this file does not exist, create it. Make sure the header says "[Settings]" and not "Settings". This is how the file should look after editing it:

[Settings]
gtk-recent-files-max-age=0
gtk-recent-files-limit=0

(there can be other items below these, of course).

To apply the changes, log out and log back in or follow the steps under "Clear the Nautilus Recent Files list" above.


You need to be careful with permissions:

Create ~/.ssh:

$ mkdir ~/.ssh

Create ~/.ssh/authorized_keys:

$ touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

Make sure you have the right permissions:

Home directory on the server should not be writable by others:

$ chmod go-w ~

SSH folder on the server needs 700 permissions:

chmod 700 ~/.ssh

Authorized_keys file needs 644 permissions:

chmod 644 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

Add your key to ~/.ssh/authorized_keys. You can either add it manually or use

$ ssh-copy-id user@host

References:

[1] https://superuser.com/questions/215504/permissions-on-private-key-in-ssh-folder

[2] How do I add SSH Keys to authorized_keys file?


Issues with disabling iPv6 on Ubuntu 14.0.4

The only thing you need to do, if you really want to do this, is to see to that the inet6 module isn't loaded when the computer reboots.

Just try this (as root user).

$ cat >/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ipv6.conf <<EOF
# Turn of IPv6 by blacklisting the module.
# Even though it isn't needed.
blacklist ipv6

EOF
$

But really, you shouldn't need to do this. As long as you don't have a IPv6 network in your LAN, it will not interfere with your IPv4 net.

Don't forget to remove those changes you have added to /etc/sysctl.conf.


I had the same problem and solved it by:

entering alsamixer in Terminal, and
moving to Auto-Mute setting in Playback View, and
changing it via Up/Down Arrow from Disabled to Speaker

(thanks to answers by user63889 and Ivan in the comments)


How to add the software which i have made to ubuntu's servers

You will want to check out the developer site on ubuntu.com, as it has all the information you will need to get your software added to the Ubuntu repositories. http://developer.ubuntu.com/


Would installing Ubuntu only remove everything I have on my computer?

Would installing Ubuntu 12.10 only and not alongside Windows 8 remove everything I have?

Yes, but for someone else reading this question: You can have both if you want to. If you're doing a graphic install just select the option to replace Windows instead of Install Ubuntu side by side or do a manual partitioning and format Window's partition and write Ubuntu on it.

Alternatively, if you are dealing with sensitive data, there are a wide range of software to erase and write over files so they are beyond-recovery. You can also consider checking the Full Disk Encryption option when installing 12.10


It is possible to install midori by compiling its source code under Ubuntu 17.10. Be aware though that there has been no development of this browser for some time so various security concerns will not have been addressed.

Just 4 simple steps are required:

1. Download build tools and dev files:

You will need a set of compiling tools and some 'development' files to build midori. Simply copy the  following single command into a Terminal window:

sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake valac libvala-0.36-dev \
libwebkitgtk-3.0-dev libsqlite3-dev libsoup-gnome2.4-dev libwebkit2gtk-4.0-dev \
libzeitgeist-2.0-dev libgcr-3-dev librsvg2-bin intltool

2.Create a build directory & download the source:

Next create a build directory and download and extract the midori source here. Again the following is a single command:

mkdir $HOME/midori_build && cd $HOME/midori_build && \
wget http://midori-browser.org/downloads/midori_0.5.11_all_.tar.bz2 && \
tar xvf midori_0.5.11_all_.tar.bz2

3. Alter the source:

midori requires some tweaking to compile with newer libraries and the following snippet borrows from Linux From Scratch to achieve this. Again a single command:

cd $HOME/midori_build/midori-0.5.11 && \
sed -e 's/protected Tally/public Tally/g' -i midori/midori-notebook.vala && \
sed -e 's/%d other files/%u other files/g' -i extensions/transfers.vala && \
for f in transfers adblock/widgets apps history-list notes; do
    sed -e 's/.remove (iter/.remove (ref iter/g' -i "extensions/$f.vala"
done

4. Compile and install midori:

Use the following single command to now compile and install midori (packaged with checkinstall for easy removal):

cd $HOME/midori_build/midori-0.5.11 && \
mkdir build && cd build && \
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
      -DUSE_GTK3=ON \
      -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
      -DHALF_BRO_INCOM_WEBKIT2=ON .. && make && \
sudo checkinstall -D --install=yes --fstrans=no --pakdir "$HOME/midori_build" \
   --pkgname midori --backup=no --deldoc=yes --deldesc=yes --delspec=yes --default \
   --pkgversion "0.5.11" && \
sudo ldconfig

Screenshot:

Below is a screenshot of the completed installation on my 17.10 system. Note that there is still a little remedial work needed for the sidebar (dock) icon but I will investigate after Xmas :).

References:

Linux From Scratch: midori Patching information from here so that midori will compile against recent vala


You may wish to change your icon theme. Most flavors of Ubuntu ship more than one icon theme by default. How exactly you change from one to the other depends on your desktop environment (DE) because some DEs allow for changing the icon theme using a GUI available by default while others may require use of the command line interface (CLI) or the installation of additional software such as Ubuntu Tweak or GNOME Tweak Tools, MyUnity, Unsettings, etc.

Here is a snapshot of "Customize Look and Feel" that Lubuntu 12.10 comes with. The active tab relates to icons themes:

Here are two images of my "top bar" using different icon themes:

modified "elementary Dark"

modified "Humanity"

Apart from the icon themes shipped by default, you can download others from "the internet". You could also change specific icons to suit your needs rather than changing the entire icon theme.


Dropbox installation does not work on Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS

Did you try install:
sudo apt-get install nautilus-dropbox

And restart?


KVM Bridge on Ubuntu Server 16.04 not working

Currently, you have your bridge and quests on a different sub-net than your main sub-net. So, no your quests do not have internet access, because there is no path to your gateway. Put everything on the same sub-net. Examples from my main host computer:

Main host ifconfig. Notice how enp3s0 doesn't even show an IP address. That is because it is bridged to br0, and both have the same IP address. Ignore lxcbr0 and virbr0, they are not part of this discussion, nor do I use them (shown for completeness only).

doug@s15:~$ ifconfig
br0       Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr f4:6d:04:65:2d:8e
          inet addr:192.168.111.112  Bcast:192.168.111.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:4574 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:2604 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:509690 (509.6 KB)  TX bytes:425082 (425.0 KB)

enp3s0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr f4:6d:04:65:2d:8e
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:4574 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:2604 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:573726 (573.7 KB)  TX bytes:426090 (426.0 KB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:174 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:174 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:12644 (12.6 KB)  TX bytes:12644 (12.6 KB)

lxcbr0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:16:3e:00:00:00
          inet addr:10.0.3.1  Bcast:0.0.0.0  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

virbr0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 52:54:00:21:9e:43
          inet addr:192.168.122.1  Bcast:192.168.122.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

Here is my main hosts interfaces file, where br0 is bridged to enp3s0:

doug@s15:~$ cat /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface and bridge
auto br0
iface br0 inet dhcp
#iface br0 inet static
#  address 192.168.111.112
#  network 192.168.111.0
#  netmask 255.255.255.0
#  gateway 192.168.111.1
#  broadcast 192.168.111.255
#  dns-search smythies.com
#  dns-nameservers 192.168.111.1
  bridge_ports enp3s0
  bridge_fd 9
  bridge_hello 2
  bridge_maxage 12
  bridge_stp off

And here is the network section of a typical guest. I assign the MAC because I assign IP addresses from my DHCP server based on MAC, and then my DNS stuff works the way I want.

<interface type='bridge'>
  <mac address='52:54:00:14:ff:9c'/>
  <source bridge='br0'/>
  <model type='virtio'/>
  <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
</interface>

And here is the routing. Everything on my LAN is on the 192.168.111.XXX sub-net, and therefore there is path to/from the gateway via br0:

doug@s15:~$ netstat -rn
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.111.1   0.0.0.0         UG        0 0          0 br0
10.0.3.0        0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 lxcbr0
192.168.111.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 br0
192.168.122.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 virbr0


How can the Ubuntu phone screenshot sound be turned off?

Unfortunately it is a bug. As an ugly workaround you may press and hold the down volume button until the volume slider goes to zero before taking a screenshot.

Here's another related bug.


No sound in ubuntu 14.04, not from speakers or headphones

Is the sound card recognized by the OS? Try to kill and reload alsa by:

killall pulseaudio
sudo alsa force-reload

To resolve the missing icon, just reinstall the desktop with

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


avahi name resolution not respected for subdomains in 19.04

There are many ways to set up DNS, but with the standard Ubuntu install using systemd I find that intermittent failures occur unless I also install the libnss-resolve package.  The only thing this package does is to alter the "hosts" line in the /etc/nsswitch.conf file -- adding in "resolve [!UNAVAIL=return]" before the dns entry. e.g.
hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] resolve [!UNAVAIL=return] dns myhostname

See bugs 1727237 systemd-resolved is not finding a domain, 1805027 systemd-resolved can't resolve Comcast mail server addresses, and 1804487 systemd-resolved has issues when the answer is over 512 bytes with EDNS disabled
What makes these name resolution failures hard to track down is that they occur only under certain conditions, when a fallback to UDB has a limit of 512 bytes for results.  How this problems relates to the nsswitch.conf hosts line is even harder to figure out, but the suggestion of adding the libnss-resolve package was mentioned in the bugs, and it fixed all my occasional problems.
This "fix" would be applied to the discovering machine(s), but no longer works in Ubuntu 20.04.  short names are no longer resolved regardless of the installation of libnss-resolve unless passed directly to the router in dig. On the bright side, I see no more name resolution errors without the libnss-resolve package (which is not installed by default).


Installing and Running Ubuntu Off of an External HDD

When you run the Ubuntu installer you have an option to choose the drive you are installing it to.  The option will include all the drives that are available at the time you run the installer.  If you have USB drives attached they will be included in the choice.
When performing the install, you'll also have the option of choosing the boot drive.  If you choose the USB drive as the boot drive during the install, it would be just a matter of ensuring that drive is attached when you boot the computer, and use the computer's BIOS to boot to that drive.
The installation on the USB drive will be no different than and installation on your internal hard drive.
The drive choice for installation will come on the next screen after the one that has the option to Erase disk and install Ubuntu.  When you click continue, it will give you a second install screen also titled Erase disk and install Ubuntu.  This second screen is the one that has will have the Install Now button.
By the way, even clicking Install Now, you'll still get one more chance to Continue or Go Back.  On that last change it will give you an information screen of which device (drive) will be changed and how it will be changed.
UEFI vs Legacy BIOS mode
You have to set your Computer's BIOS mode to match the installation type of UEFI or BIOS for the OS you are booting to.
To make your USB installation more universal compatible as you indicated in your question, you'll best choose Legacy mode for your installation.  When I install to a USB drive, I only have the option (from the computers I have used so far) to install in Legacy.


Getting printer and duplexer to work on Ubuntu 18.04 for Laserjet 1020

I have tried all the suggestions listed above, but neither of them worked. Instead, I went and grabbed an older version from here. (you can also find this link by clicking on more info on the main page, than choosing older version from the bottom of the page)

Although this enabled the duplexer and installable options, it did not stop the printing process so I can manually print on both sides. It is still better than the latest version. (3.19.1 at this time)


How To Install and Configure Postfix on Ubuntu 18.04  this answer from digitalocean


create /etc/skel/.config/autostart/autostart-once.desktop which will execute
/usr/share/runonce.sh ...the last command of runonce.sh needs to delete autostart-once.desktop

I've tested this in Xubuntu 19.10, but it should work for other desktop environments, or you may need to change some details to your situation, but the idea works.


How to stop tasque creating a new task when clicking on any place

I've tested with tasque. I think it's by design. Check the tasque news page in github where it is mentioned as a feature implemented since version 0.1.12. I suggest getting used to the "New Task" input field on toolbar.

Besides these, you can report this as a bug to the developers by going to the bug report page http://bugzilla.gnome.org/browse.cgi?product=Tasque

So, in short the answer is No, it's not possible. However you can try grabbing older version like 0.1.11 from somewhere else from building yourself (Though I don't know how feasible that would be).

Hope this helps.


Cannot play Amazon Prime Video content on Opera

Opera does not include propietary codecs/libraries in Linux, this worked for me in Debian 10:
[Update]
Sorry, I was not explicit, it is not needed dowload all the repository. In the web page (https://github.com/iteufel/nwjs-ffmpeg-prebuilt):

Go below of the "FFmpeg prebuilt for NW.js" title > "Downloads" subtitle
Click in the "here" text in the "Downloads can be found here" option
A new webpage will be open (https://github.com/iteufel/nwjs-ffmpeg-prebuilt/releases)
Click in the 0.47.2-linux-x64.zip  option, the file will be downloaded in your computer (4.69 MB)
Descompress the file
Go to descompressed files
Copy/Move the libffmpeg.so file to the /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/opera/lib_extra/ folder (If the folder
does not exist, please create it).
Restart Opera

Regards.


PPA package update throwing "Invalid SHA" on import

The problem was an issue with cross-synchronization between bzr and git. In my case, my primary source was a git repository and I had no need of the bzr repository, so I changed my synchronization target on launchpad to git and changed the build recipe to the git builder and everything worked fine.


cannot use sudo after using sudo passwd root

Try:

su
passwd -l root
exit

Once made this, try again sudo -i


systemd: how to setup desktop environment without display manager?

nodm could be what you need. It is available in the universe repositories for all versions of Ubuntu and can be easily installed with

sudo apt install nodm

Then run

sudo dpkg-reconfigure nodm

During reconfiguring choose

start on boot
username you want to lgoin with
/etc/X11/Xsession

Change the content of /etc/X11/default-display-manager to

/usr/sbin/nodm

Reboot.

Credits to https://wiki.debianforum.de/Nodm


Tell sed to make changes but those starting with a specific string in 8th to last line

This should fit your requirements

cat TestSed.txt

Line 1
Line 2
Line 3.
Line 4
Line 5
Line 6.
Line 7
Line 8
Line 9.
Line 10.
Line 11
Line 12.

sed '8~1s/^.*\.$/\0<\/b>/' < TestSed.txt

Line 1
Line 2
Line 3.
Line 4
Line 5
Line 6.
Line 7
Line 8
Line 9.
Line 10.
Line 11
Line 12.

The sed here, does substitution s/Regular Expression To Search/Replacement Text/ and it applies this regual expression ^.*\.$ over each and every line read and when it matches, it replaces it with \0<\/b>. Here \0 refers to the text which matched the regular expression ^.*\.$.

^ will match lines starting with

.* will match zero or more characters. So,

^.* will match lines which are starting with  and has zero or more characters after that.

^.*\.$ will match lines which are starting with  and has zero or more characters after that and ends with .

\0 in the replacement text will give the text which matched the regular expression. In our case, its the whole line.

\., \/ the backslashes are used here to escape . and /. They both have special meaning in regular expressions. We want to treat them as strings here. So we are escaping them.

8~1 tells sed to start applying the substitution from line number 8 and apply it after every 1 line, which means rest of the file. If you look at the example, it doesnt do any change on Line 3 and Line 6 though they match the regular expression.

EDIT:

sed '8~1s/^[^\.]*\./\0<\/b>/' < TestSed.txt

This will match the text till the first .

[^\.] will match any character except .

[^\.]* will match any character except ., zero or more times.

Rest of the explanations are the same.


This is probably due to a bug in alsa with the 3.2 kernel and the way it recognizes the hardware. As alsa gets is wrong, it cannot communicate correctly with Pulse Audio.  It has been reported that this is fixed in the 3.3 kernel.  In the meantime, the work around is to setup the hardware manually.

This is documented in the Ubuntu Community Help Wiki, but as the wiki claims to be outdated, and covers more that the problem at hand, the valid points are as follows:

Edit the file /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf as root using the editor of your choice.
Add the line options snd-hda-intel model=[Your Model Specifier] to the end of the file if it doesn't already exist.  If this option is already specified, you simply need to change the model to the appropriate one.
Save the file and Reboot for the changes to take effect.

The hard part is finding out which model to specify. You can find which hardware you are using with cat /proc/asound/card0/codec* | grep Codec at the terminal. If you get multiple lines of output you will need to determine which sound card is giving you trouble.  You can then lookup the resulting hardware in the file /usr/share/doc/alsa-base/driver/HD-Audio-Models.txt.gz.  As this file is compressed, you can uncompress it with gzip -dc /usr/share/doc/alsa-base/driver/HD-Audio-Models.txt.gz > HD-Audio-Models.txt this will create a new uncompressed file in the current directory.

The difficulty for me was that my hardware (Conexant CX20549 (Venice)) is not on the list. Evidently, this is the same as the Conexant 5045 so the Model Option Line for my hardware is: options snd-hda-intel model=laptop-hpmicsense. For those wondering, the hp-part in laptop-hpmicsense has nothing to do with the brand hewlet packard.

Once I put everything together, made the relevant changes and rebooted, everything works fine.

Thanks to user Rhino in https://askubuntu.com/a/140992/60904 for putting the last (and most important)piece to the puzzle together.

I hope this helps.


"Admin" user automatically has sudo privileges

By default adduser adds every new user to a group with the same name as the user's (the group is created if it doesn't already exists). So if you create a user called admin it will be added to the group admin.

/etc/sudoers contains the line

%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL

which means that all members of the group admin are allowed to use sudo - and that's true for your admin user, too.


On startup mine has xset q settings that don't match xfce's power manager settings either, like 7200 standby & 14400 off, but it still seems to react to the xfce settings anyway. So your case sounds more like a bug, but there's a workaround below.

Changing them in xfce's power manager changes the xset settings.

I'm not sure what to do to get the settings to match right on boot, they appear to be stored in ~/.config/xfce4/xfconf/xfce-perchannel-xml/xfce4-power-manager.xml but editing that file doesn't change the power manager or xset settings... though maybe a logout/login is required.

The xfce4-settings-editor program does change the settings in the xml file and power manager, while changing the power manager settings doesn't change the xml file (at least not right away).

Use xfconf-query

To change the settings upon logging in (perhaps with a file in ~/.config/autostart). To set the "switch off after" / /xfce4-power-manager/dpms-on-ac-off to say 15 minutes run this:

xfconf-query -c xfce4-power-manager -p /xfce4-power-manager/dpms-on-ac-off -s 15

To query the current setting, omit the -s:

xfconf-query -c xfce4-power-manager -p /xfce4-power-manager/dpms-on-ac-off


Meizu MX4 Ubuntu erased or changed access code

According to the Manual of the phone on page 18 you have to press the Power and Home buttons simultaneously,

then go to Settings→User data→Factory reset and check the Clear Data Simultaneously check box during the eventual firmware update.

And that should clear all settings.  If that doesn't solve your problem, press the Power and Home buttons simultaneously for 10 seconds and that should then completely reset your phone.

If that still doesn't solve the problem, you probably have a DOA ("Dead On Arrival") and should return it to the store for a swap.  (be sure to mention "DOA")


Robots trying to guess your password. When you have public IP and running service on open port, they are trying all the time.

If you are not specially targeted and have reasonably strong passwords or disabled password authentication, they are harmless. It is just eating your processor time.

You can fight with this by hiding your service to different port, by hiding it behind some port-knocking service (fwknop), or ban these requests on-the fly using fail2ban.


How to solve "'cudafe' died due to signal 11"?

It means that the program, due to a bug, tried to access memory it had not allocated. The hardware, then the system noticed.


Installing xtreme download manager via terminal

Well, since you wanted to install it via command line. Here it is

Download it first

wget -c "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/xdman/xdman.deb?r=https%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Fxdman%2F&ts=1478419832&use_mirror=heanet" -O xdman.deb

Install it with dpkg

sudo dpkg -i xdman.deb

Fix any dependency errors (if there is any)

sudo apt-get -f install


Dual-booting Windows 7 with Ubuntu installed

second one is better.

Chain loading GRUB via windows loader (method 1) will cause a 2 stage booting.

First you have to select ubuntu from windows boot loader then grub will appear and again you have to choose ubuntu. Although you can set the time out value to 0 to skip grub screen, On update of kernel you may need to boot older version sometime.

Better is let GRUb take the control. :)


How to make ubuntu install avoid bad blocks?

I found that the issue was not a write error with the installer having issues with bad blocks, I found it was an issue with a bad ISO download, and this a corrupt DVD. I re downloaded the image and re burned it, it installed perfectly. I have a new disk coming, but I don't think it is necessary, I'll just install windows on the other drive and keep my Linux disk from getting bumped around too much. The surface scan I just did showed that the damage was limited to a very small part of the disk, and it has not increased with time, thank god. thanks everyone for helping me narrow it down to a bad download.


Dual boot Windows 10/Ubuntu questions and concerns

Only the partition that is marked as Boot in Windows Disk Management can be really booted. In your case, it’s the second partition on the disk, so marked as /dev/sda2 in Linux.
What examples? I have seen Windows <version> (loader) every time. Maybe it differs between Ubuntu versions?
The partitions:

/dev/sda1 or D: is system reserved by Windows. You should not touch it until you exactly know what you are doing.
/dev/sda2 or C: is the main Windows partition.
/dev/sda6 is the Ubuntu root partition.
/dev/sda5 is probably the Ubuntu swap partition.

Yes, it is.
The operating systems are equivalent. However, one system must tell the computer how to boot – a bootloader. Currently your bootloader is Grub and it is the recommended way of dual-booting Windows and Linux.


Ok, I have found whats wrong. I found the answer on ubuntuforums. Here is what to do.

press alt+f2 and run gconf-editor now go to apps->gksu and tick the sudo-mode checkbox and thats it.


Major graphical problems after updating to 13.04

I was able to fix this by installing the fglrx-legacy PPA downloadable here
Now everything runs fine :D


Thanks a lot for the help Pilot6!
I tried different things to figure out what may be causing my computer to not load nvidia drivers at all.
I am posting it as an answer because it may be useful to someone else.
I found this thread: https://forums.developer.nvidia.com/t/black-sceen-after-install-nvidia-390-driver-on-ubuntu-18-04-nvidia-gt-630m/123354
In which someone seems to have a similar issue on 18.04 bionic beaver. Following instructions there I was able to solve my issue (at least it looks solved :) )
by performing the following steps:

delete /etc/X11/xorg.conf (i didn't have this file anyways....)

install the driver from repo sudo apt install --reinstall nvidia-driver-450

make sure nvidia-prime is installed sudo apt install nvidia-prime

switch to nvidia sudo prime-select nvidia

remove stray blacklist files sudo rm /lib/modprobe.d/blacklist-nvidia.conf /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nvidia.conf

update the initrd sudo update-initramfs -u

and finally reboot

So my system is now running on nvidia-450 drivers, i will update if there are any random freezes or apparent issues, but i didn't want to leave this post hanging without any closure...


In gedit, choose Documents > New Tab group or Ctrl+Alt + N  your gedit will split vertically. And you can drag tabs.


PyGTK - events from gtk.Menu in Unity global menu

PyGTK was very recently discussed at the recent Ubuntu Apps Developer Week.

In summary, PyGTK has been effectively obsoleted in favour of pyGI.  This is because of Unity, Gnome3 and the upcoming GTK3.

Therefore, it seems, if you want your application supported on newer platforms (not just Ubuntu), then you'll need to slightly rework your code, compiling against pyGI libraries not pyGTK.


Which websites provides the packages that Ubuntu often used?

If we are talking about APT repositories, then I can write the following.
I'm running Squid-Deb-Proxy with the following /etc/squid-deb-proxy/mirror-dstdomain.acl.d/20-ubuntu domain white list (see comments inside it) for APT repositories:

# ubuntu archives
archive.canonical.com
archive.ubuntu.com
us.archive.ubuntu.com
ports.ubuntu.com
security.ubuntu.com
ddebs.ubuntu.com
mirrors.ubuntu.com
ports.ubuntu.com
old-releases.ubuntu.com
archive.canonical.com
extras.ubuntu.com

# changelogs
changelogs.ubuntu.com

# launchpad personal package archives
ppa.launchpad.net
private-ppa.launchpad.net

# additional mirror domains
## Google - Chrome, Earth, etc.
dl.google.com

## Opera browser
deb.opera.com

## OpenSuse build service
download.opensuse.org

## UbuntuZilla
downloads.sourceforge.net

## VirtualBox
download.virtualbox.org

## R language
cloud.r-project.org

## Wine
dl.winehq.org

## Typora markdown editor
typora.io

## VLC
download.videolan.org

## Vivaldi browser
repo.vivaldi.com

## PlayOnLinux
deb.playonlinux.com

# Debian
httpredir.debian.org
deb.debian.org
security.debian.org

The full list of Ubuntu mirrors is available on Launchpad and on http://mirrors.ubuntu.com/ .

About packages origin - you can use apt-cache policy command - see example output below:

$ apt-cache policy nano
nano:
  Installed: 2.5.3-2ubuntu2
  Candidate: 2.5.3-2ubuntu2
  Version table:
 *** 2.5.3-2ubuntu2 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     2.5.3-2 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages


xdebug 2.2.1 installed but not working with cgi

If you look in the php.ini file listed in your config details (/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini), you will find a line starting 'zend_extension="/usr/lib/php5/' and ending with 'xdebug.so"'. Copy this line into your cgi php.ini file, probably at /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini


The last 32 bit release of Eclipse was 2018-09. From release 2018-12 onwards only 64 bit releases are available. You can't run the 64 bit release on a 32 bit OS.


To get the verbose output to stop you need to edit the /etc/default/grub file:

Open the /etc/default/grub file in nano:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Look for the line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT

# and add this to it

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

Now after editing the file do the following to save and close:

press ctrl + o, then enter
finally ctrl + x

Update grub by running this in a terminal:

sudo update-grub

Reboot and the "verbose output" should be gone

WARNING

On step 2please add to whatever is in the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT line DO NOT REMOVE WHATEVER IS ALREADY THERE.


Don't parse ls! Instead, use a glob:

for name in ./*; do

There are other ways you can improve the script too.

In the loop, again don't parse ls. Instead, use stat to get the permissions directly.1
Use the newer command substitution syntax $(...) instead of deprecated backticks `...`
Define a variable $perms to make the print string a bit cleaner and easier to read.

So:

for name in ./*; do
    perms="$(stat -c "%A" "$name")"
    echo "The file $name has the following permissions: $perms"
done

Footnotes:

If stat didn't exist, and you had to get the permissions from ls, you would give it the filename as an argument, and use the -d flag so it doesn't descend into directories or dereference symlinks.

ls -ld "$name" | cut -d" " -f1

But again, you shouldn't parse ls. This method fails if any of the filenames contain newlines.


Can I turn an EFI-based USB Ubuntu installation into a plain bootable drive?

Ok, managed to do what I wanted to do by using boot-repair. I installed it manually from a Live USB stick that I had booted on, running on a non-efi laptop, and did the necessary changes on my ubuntu usb drive in question, that was also connected but not booted from.


display brightness problem with ubuntu 13.04

I had the same problem, and solved after put this line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi_backlight=vendor"

in /etc/default/grub file, and after:

# update-grub && reboot

I have one Dell Vostro 3560 running Ubuntu 13.04 x86_64 kernel 3.8.0-19-generic

And I'm using generic X.Org video driver (opensource, tested)


Trick Ubuntu into resolving a domain name locally

Add your domain name and IP address to /etc/hosts file. For example

127.0.0.1   thisbit.example.com

Edit:

Add configure apache to proxy to your fake path

ProxyPass           /       http://localhost/~USER/FAKE.thisbit.example.com/

ProxyPassReverse    /       http://localhost/~USER/FAKE.thisbit.example.com/


phpinfo shows old mysql version after mysql upgrade (Ubuntu 14.04)

The phpinfo() function shows the version of the libmysqlclient.so library that's linked to mysql.so PHP extension.  You can check that by switching to php5-mysqlnd package that uses PHP MySQL native driver without linking to libmysqlclient.so.

You can confirm this by checking the version of libmysqlclient library on your system: dpkg -l 'libmysqlclient*' or generic version is here: http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=libmysqlclient

As you can see, the version on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS is 5.5.47-0ubuntu0.14.04.1, that matches your MySQL Client version.


Is it possible to hide drag handles in non-expanded gnome panel?

No, at least not with the standard gnome-panel.

There is a bug report with a patch for this: #412975.
It doesn't look like an option to hide the drag handles will ever be added to the standard gnome-panel though.


The /etc/fstab line will look like:
UUID=b256b52a-695a-471b-a1cb-76b0d99eb01a /mnt/mountpoint-dir-name xfs nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show 0 0

You get to decide the mountpoint-dir-name, of course.

You can also experiment using the mount command. Lots of folks do this in order to test before adding to /etc/fstab. The information is the same, but the syntax is slightly different (note the --fake flag for testing):
mount --fake -t xfs -o nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show /dev/disk/by-uuid/b256b52a-695a-471b-a1cb-76b0d99eb01a /mnt/mountpoint-dir-name


How do I change awn dialect applet style?

Changing the flag
I've got a british keyboard layout and hence AWN with the dialect icon looks like this:

You can with a bit of graphics editing change the flag to text - for example:

As you can see the "keyboard" dialect icon now has "GB"
All of the flags pictures are found in the folder /usr/share/avant-window-navigator/applets/dialect/icons
Look for your flag using your file-manager and find the file-name.  For me, the british flag is gb.png.
Lets backup this image first:
sudo cp /usr/share/avant-window-navigator/applets/dialect/icons/gb.png ~/

This will copy the file to your home folder.
Next using your favourite editor - mine is Gimp, create an image that is 60x40 px in size.
Make sure that the background colour is set to transparent - you can do this in Gimp when creating a new image by clicking the advanced options.
Then add your text to the new transparent image - here I used bold font SANs 24px.
Export your image as gb.png to your pictures folder.
Then overwrite your old image with your new image i.e.
sudo cp ~/Pictures/gb.png /usr/share/avant-window-navigator/applets/dialect/icons/gb.png

To refresh your dialect icon - remove the applet and re-add it.
drag and drop
Don't forget - changing the actual base icon is simple as well...
Changing the icon in AWN is a drag-and-drop away:

Thus you can both have a text based "flag" as well as a brand new icon.


This problem was solved by the OP:

  Oops!   What I failed to realize was that KDE apparently uses an
  independent wallpaper setting for each desktop. I have 12, so some
  were set to the slideshow but others were still set to the default.
  Being accustomed to one common wallpaper setting for all desktops, I
  misinterpreted this as a global reset. Sorry!


Grub menu (while booting) shows its GRUB2 though the version is 0.97

Both grub & grub2 use the same grub install command, but it depends on which package you have installed. If you uninstalled grub-pc which is grub2 and installed grub you then have the old grub legacy.

From your chroot.

uninstall both grub legacy & grub2 reinstall grub2 and to sda

apt-get purge grub grub-pc grub-common
mv /boot/grub /boot/grub_backup
mkdir /boot/grub
apt-get install grub-pc grub-common
grub-install /dev/sda
grub-install --recheck /dev/sda