Two bootable drives in one PC - which one boots?

In the case of PATA, the computer will boot from whichever drive is set as the master. The slave cannot be booted, at least in my experience. Most drives are on cable-select, which means their location on the PATA cable (end or middle) determines their role (master or slave, respectively). In this case, if you have it, the computer will ignore the drive set as slave, either from the cable or manual jumper selection and try to boot from the master.

SATA is a bit different. Every drive is a "master" and there are no slaves. However, there is still a priority. By default, the computer will try to boot into SATA 0 first. If it can't, it moves onto SATA 1, then onto SATA 2 and so on, until it runs out of drives. SATA has a nice feature that PATA doesn't have: you can always go into the BIOS boot menu and select which drive to boot from, as long as the BIOS can find a UEFI or Legacy bootable partition. You should also be able to manually edit the priority of the drives, so, if you want, SATA 2 will be booted from first, then SATA 0, then SATA 1.

So, if you have PATA, then you need to make sure that drive X is set as the master and Y is the slave. The first thing to try for that would be to put X on the end of the cable and Y in the middle. If that doesn't work, you'll have to play around with the jumpers on the drives. Both may be manually set to master, which will prevent boot.

If you have SATA, then you should be able to just set a priority in BIOS, but it would be better to put X in SATA 0 and Y in SATA 1, just so that you can be sure X will be tried first as a boot option.


I suspect, that your bootloader lives on /dev/sda. When you change the partition table it gets "confused" and won't load any more. I would advise:

First and foremost: Cover your bases! Make sure you have complete backups of your data accessible on a different system.
Make sure you have bootable USB stick with an image of Ubuntu handy.
Convert /dev/sda to GPT and install Windows 10.
Boot from the USB stick and run Boot Repair as described here. Boot repair will automatically discover the installed operating systems and reinstall the boot loader.

Again, make sure you have a backup of all important data. (And as you'll have a USB stick with the latest Ubuntu release handy - maybe consider upgrading Ubuntu to 20.04. 16.04 will reach its end of life in Spring 2021.)


unity 3d (default ubuntu interface) probally is too heavy for you, try a diffrent Desktop Enviorment and Window Manager, like LXDE, or XFCE

you can get a lxde enviorment with your current install by installing the lubuntu-desktop package

sudo apt-get install lubuntu-desktop

or for xfce- xubuntu-desktop

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

you could also try gnome-panel package for a more traditional pre 11.04 like interface (like gnome2)


Try to move this file so the post-removal script will be happy.

mv /etc/systemd/system/openntpd.service /tmp/


How to upgrade ubuntu from 12.10 to 13.4 without lossing anything?

Just boot from any boot-able medium. You'll find an upgrade option, follow that. You'll loose nothing if you choose an upgrade.


Ubuntu 16.04 Intel i7 4210HQ stuck at 800 MHz

So, after some more work, I ended up fixing the issue by disabling intel pstate in the grub loadup. Now the CPU is back up to speed.


Check if the adapter is blocked by the system with

sudo rfkill list all

if it is try to unblock it with

sudo rfkill unblock all


Where can I find a driver for the EPSON AL-MX14 all-in-one printer?

May try this reference :

http://www.ubuntubuzz.com/2011/10/download-various-epson-printers-driver.html

hopefully help you..


How to create a bootable usb of Ubuntu from a Lubuntu system

Use the Startup Disk creator.
Install via Software Center or:

sudo apt-get install usb-creator-gtk


partition not recognized drive wont mount

Maybe virus has corrupted your partition table. If you have Windows as second OS you can use Unformat for data recognition and recovery. After that you can delete partition and create the new one. If you want to monitor your partition from Ubuntu you could try this:

http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/TestDisk_Step_By_Step


At hcc hobbynet we use mysecureshell

works great for that purpsus no shell access but the ability access  files on the server.

Ans also nice feuter is locking them in there home dir


Restarted computer during update; "the system network service is not compatible with this version"

I faced the same issue. Workaround is to start the network-manager manually

sudo service network-manager start

Still trying to figure a way to fix it permanently.


Are you sure the interfaces file supports the use of the default keyword there? I don't see any mention of that in man interfaces - try replacing

iface default inet static

with

iface wlan0 inet static


linux command sed only show line 1 to 2 not work

Use sed -n if you don't want sed to print every processed line. Or, tell sed to remove the lines that weren't selected:
sed -e '1,2!d'


Linux search entire hard drive hex bytes for byte string and list all files the data belongs to?

You could do like the helpful comment from steeldriver says and use ddrutility

It doesn't appear to be in the Ubuntu repos, but it's home page is https://sourceforge.net/projects/ddrutility/
Specifically use it's tool ddru_findbad
Here's a clip from it's wiki page:

  ddru_findbad
  It is a
  bash script that will try to find which files are related to bad sectors
  in a ddrescue log file.
  It relies on 3rd party utilities for its
  functions. It may not work on all systems. It can be slow, and can be
  very slow if not unusable if there are a lot of bad sectors in the list
  (it does not work well with a large error size).

I'm tempted to forget about sector numbers and just mount the cloned image & search all files for "DEADBEEF", with find, xargs & grep in a Ubuntu (or Xubuntu, Lubuntu, or Debian, most any Linux).

Whether it's easier or faster than trying ddru_findbad or not probably depends on how big & fast your disk image is.

find /mnt/x -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep --files-with-matches "DEADBEEF" >> list

Where the image is mounted to /mnt/x. Then the file list has all the filenames that match. Any free space that has DEADBEEF are ignored.


Answers provided to Hamish Downer's question about LightDM themes linked in the comment to my original question include a suitable answer to this question as well.


Why are Ubuntu One files in the cloud not the same size as the original?

This is because Nautilus is showing you the file size in megabytes, while the Ubuntu One Web interface is showing you the file size in mibibytes. Compare:

1 kilobyte = 1000 byte
1 megabyte = 1000 kilobytes
1 gigabyte = 1000 megabytes
...

And:

1 kibibyte = 1024 byte
1 kibibyte = 1024 kibibytes
1 gibibyte = 1024 mibibytes
...

So, in your example: 761 are megabytes, 726 are mibibytes:

761 MB = 761 × 1000 kB = 761 × 1000 × 1000 B = 761'000'000 B

Now let's convert 761'000'000 B to mibibytes:

761'000'000 B = 761'000'000 ÷ 1024 KiB = 761'000'000 ÷ 1024 ÷ 1024 MiB ≈ 726 MiB

As you can see, the right symbol for mibibytes is not MB, but MiB. Unfortunately, mebibytes and related units have been defined just in recent times. Quoting Wikipedia:

  The mebi- prefix was defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in December 1998.

Therefore nowadays many people are used to write MB while they actually mean MiB. This is a common mistake that you will find in Ubuntu One and many other applications.


Is it possible to install rkt in Ubuntu?

Update! Official packages now available.

Yeah, this is easy since 1.15 is released officially with Debian/Ubuntu packages.

From https://github.com/coreos/rkt/releases download the .deb package, e.g.:

wget https://github.com/coreos/rkt/releases/download/v1.15.0/rkt_1.15.0-1_amd64.deb
apt install rkt_1.15.0-1_amd64.deb  # for recent Ubuntu with the 'apt' tool

It'll take some time before we can expect "proper" Ubuntu/Debian packaging from a 3rd party repository or even in the official Ubuntu ones.

Old version of the answer

Below is the old version of the answer with a semi-elegant way on getting started with rkt in Ubuntu.

Before you start, make sure you have a recent Ubuntu version running, because rkt requires a recent Systemd version. I believe 15.10+ is fine at the time of writing for v1.10.0.

Below, I'll describe a way to install it using the prebuilt binaries from the rkt releases page and making a package locally.

Install the following packages to prepare.

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends ca-certificates gnupg2 bash-completion checkinstall

Create a temporary directory to download the files and build the package in.

mkdir rkt-builddir && cd rkt-builddir

Download the script to build the package. I adjusted the original install-rkt.sh from the release to not use root privileges to build the package. I might make a pull request with my improvements. Available here: https://gist.github.com/gertvdijk/e7ff8e4fe8687ba39a5d0051b6ba0c14

wget -q https://gist.github.com/gertvdijk/e7ff8e4fe8687ba39a5d0051b6ba0c14/raw/a03f36cc57dd80fd7c31521addb51221bac0ecbf/install-rkt.sh

You might want to take a look at what you just downloaded before you proceed to the next steps to run it.
Run the script; make it executable first.

chmod +x install-rkt.sh
./install-rkt.sh

It should result in the output like this:

  Done. The new package has been saved to

  /tmp/tmp.AOsyuTDxN7/rkt_1.10.0-1_amd64.deb

  You can install it in your system anytime using: [...]

Install it with the full path (adjust to output you see on your screen):

sudo dpkg -i /tmp/tmp.AOsyuTDxN7/rkt_1.10.0-1_amd64.deb

Two major benefits over installation from source:

You can archive the binary package to install on other systems with the same Ubuntu distribution. There, the only thing you need to do is installing the final package from the last step.
To remove the package, you can use your package management.

sudo apt-get remove rkt


IF you have Portuguese (Brazil), you'll find it with

[Alt Gr] + [Shift] + [F]

Otherwise, see under the Keyboard Layout Chart


Installing Pidgin 2.12.0 on Ubuntu 16.04

Pidgin 2.12.0 does not have an officially-hosted binary for Ubuntu 16.04, so you would have to build the package from source. Pidgin has documentation for that. Luckily, we can skip building from source altogether; there is a third-party PPA that is already hosting the pre-compiled binary files named Backports.

Installing via third-party PPA

To use it, just follow the instructions as follows:

Add the PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/backports
sudo apt-get update

Install the package from the newly-added PPA:

sudo apt install pidgin

This should add Pigin 2.12.0 to your system.

Installing via building from source

If installing the package from the third-party PPA doesn't work, you can always build from source. As mentioned before, Pidgin has documentation for installing their package from source. In order to make this answer as standalone as possible by not depending on a link that could be moved or die (unlikely), I'll be adding the instructions here, as well.

cd to the directory containing the package's source code and type ./configure to configure the package for your system. If you're using csh on an old version of System V, you might need to type sh ./configure instead to prevent csh from trying to execute configure itself.

Running configure takes awhile. While running, it prints some messages telling which features it is checking for. If it finishes successfully, it will print out of a summary of the build options. This summary will also appear in the help → about dialog.
Type make to compile the package. On some systems, you may need to use gmake instead.
Optionally, type make check to run any self-tests that come with the package.
Type make install to install the programs and any data files and documentation. You must have write access to the prefix you are installing to. See below for more details on the prefix.
You can remove the program binaries and object files from the source code directory by typing make clean. To also remove the files that configure created (so you can compile the package for a different kind of computer), type make distclean. There is also a make maintainer-clean target, but that is intended mainly for the package's developers. If you use it, you may have to get all sorts of other programs in order to regenerate files that came with the distribution.
If you have not run make distclean, you can use the target make uninstall to remove the files installed by make install.


How do I enable Bluetooth on my Lenovo IdeaPad Z580?

Not supported in Ubuntu's default kernel

Bus 001 Device 004: ID 04ca:2003 Lite-On Technology Corp.

Is your bluetooth receiver. It's not supported in the stable Ubuntu Linux kernels at the time of writing. A patch to enable support on it has been submitted: Patchwork Bluetooth: Add support for BCM20702A0 [04ca, 2003] in September 2012.

Try a more recent kernel and it should just work. I'm running Linux 3.7.3 and it's supported:

modinfo btusb | grep -i 04CA.2003
alias:          usb:v04CAp2003d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip*in*

See my answer for wireless LAN issues step 6 (Try the latest stable Linux kernel) on how to upgrade your kernel to a more recent one.

Why do I see it using rfkill then?

Killswitch support is something completely different than support of the device behind this switch. The message about Bluetooth being disabled may be a bit misleading. The application assumes the bluetooth adapter device to appear once it has unlocked the killswitch. In your case, the adapter isn't supported, so that explains why it doesn't show up.

The dmesg output always shows traces of Bluetooth as that's just the generic kernel module initializing for general Bluetooth support in the kernel. It has nothing to do with your Bluetooth adapter at that point.

Please report this as a bug

Please also open a bug on the Ubuntu bugtracker against the linux package to get support for this backported in the Quantal release kernel. Ask to get this commit merged in the stable kernel:

commit 0c1abbd1aa0416258881c303a88e618cbca0759c
Author: Jaroslav Resler <resler@cs.cas.cz>
Date:   Tue Sep 11 17:25:32 2012 +0800

    Bluetooth: Add support for BCM20702A0 [04ca, 2003]

    Add another vendor specific ID for BCM20702A0.

Currently, it's only being maintained since Linux 3.7.x as far as I can see:

$ git branch -a --contains 0c1abbd
  remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/master
  remotes/origin/linux-3.7.y
  remotes/origin/master

How do I report a bug?

For the Precise kernel this is being requested in the following bug already, as it's been incorporated in the 3.2.36 kernel which is being maintained a lot longer than 3.5 is.

LP Bug #1096966: Precise update to 3.2.36 stable release


Eclipse Kepler crashes without any log entry

I had same problem (Ubuntu 13.10 64-bit, Eclipse Kepler, Intel Sandybridge Mobile graphics) and this helped:

Put inside eclipse.ini:

-Dorg.eclipse.swt.browser.DefaultType=mozilla

Thanks to NVK.


LibreOffice shows previews of recently edited files on startup, how to disable this

Based on ask.libreoffice.org: Menu Tools > Options > Libreoffice > Advanced > Open Expert Configuration. Type picklistsize and search button. The default value seems to be 25 (files in the picklist). Setting it to 0 should do the trick.


Triple boot Windows 7, Ubuntu, and Elementary OS Luna

Actually you will need to do nothing
just install elementaryos just like you installed ubuntu and it will detect both windows and ubuntu and add them to the bootloader menu

If it didn't

use ubuntu life cd
open a terminal
sudo update-grub2


Accidentally deleted Gnome session, login no longer works

If I understand your problem, you tried to remove Gnome Desktop and now you have no login screen so you cannot log in.
Not sure what command you might have used but alot of Gnome programs are a dependant of the Unity desktop.
You should still be able to log into Ubuntu using the terminal as you say you can still boot.
After booting press Ctrl+Alt+F1 this should get you to tty 1. If so enter your username and the press enter.  Enter your password at the prompt note that you will not see any response to your keypress but they will still register(this is a security feature).
After you enter your password press enter and you should be greeted with a line that has your username and the computer name followed by ~$  if so you have successfully log in to Ubuntu but with not Desktop environment. We can now try to reinstall a DE to use.
Type this into the terminal sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop  This should install the Unity desktop as well as any dependencies that you may have deleted when you tried to remove Gnome.
If successful you should be able to restart and use your Unity Desktop.  To restart type sudo reboot into the terminal and your computer will reboot just like you had done so from the UI.
If you still get no login screen restart and log into the terminal and type sudo apt-get install lightdm unity-greeter
I think these are installed when you install ubuntu-deskop but I was unable to verify that.  You can install them at the same time you install the desktop if you want, they will not reinstall if you already have the latest version and will give you a warning as such but will do no damage.
Note that this will only work if you still can connect to the internet, if you have borked your system so that you can no longer connect you may be able to install from the live media that you installed Ubuntu with but it may or may not work.  It may still be possible to get it installed by manually setting up the connection in the terminal but that is beyond my knowledge.
Note #2  If for some reason you cannot log into Ubuntu when you press Crtl+Alt+F1 then boot to recovery mode (press Left Shift repeatedly during boot then select recovery mode with networking)  and then you should be able to follow the instructions to install ubuntu-desktop.


A Simple way to force an "Out of Memory" condition?

If you have root access, yes.

sudo mkdir /media/RAM              # Let's make a mount point
sudo mount /dev/ram /media/RAM     # Let's tell the OS to use RAM as storage
cd /media/RAM                      # Let's go to the RAM directory
i=0                                # Let's get an iteration counter
while true       # Let's do something forever (or at least as long as we can)
do               # Do something
  let i=$i+1     # Something is incrementing our iteration counter
  dd if=/dev/zero of=$i bs=10M     # So here's the real work
  sleep 2                          # Ok, OP doesn't like it when his ramhog
                                   # script runs out of ram (?) So let's slow it down.
done             # Wait a minute, I though we were doing this forever?  How can we be done?

So how it works is pretty much spelled out in the comments above.  Just copy and paste this into vi or nano, save it, and run sudo chmod 755 [filename], then run ./[filename].  Have fun running out of RAM.


Fn+Vol and Fn+Brightness not working on Asus r510l

Open your Terminal and type gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub.
Then search for

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=

and append acpi_osi=Linux to make it looks similar to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux"

Run sudo update-grub and reboot.

It should work for Asus as for Acer PCs too.


How do I change the desktop Conky appears on with dual desktops?

You can set or increase the value of gap_x property so that it is larger than the width of your laptop screen. This should push conky onto your second monitor.


Disable cover page when printing from gimp

Ok, I figured it out by myself: Just go in the printing dialogue to Job and select None at Cover Page before and after as on the following screenshot. gimp seems to remember this setting for other print jobs.


Background and pointer after ubuntu 14.04 login

Something corrupted...

sudo rm -rf ~/.config

sudo rm -rf ~/.cache

...seems to sort it.


Can't reinstall grub from Live CD after reinstalling Windows

The 'main partition' referred in this answer is the partition on which your Ubuntu is installed. It is the one you mount as file system root (/ directory) when you boot Ubuntu normally. So yes, in your case it would be /dev/sda2.

Your other option was to use boot repair instead of manually reinstalling GRUB. Probably you forgot to install the PPA (sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair) or to update your software index list afterwards (sudo apt-get update). Note that you need a working internet connection for this. Otherwise you would have to download it as .deb-file and install it manually with sudo dpkg -i /path/to/file.deb.

But anyway, you should use a newer version of Ubuntu as live system. 10.04 is now 5 years old and hits end-of-life in April 2015. Better use 14.04 LTS (from April 2014, 5 years support) or 14.10 (from October 2014, 9 months support). The next release will be 15.04 (in April 2015, 9 months support).


Dual boot Windows 8 and Ubuntu 13.10. Where to put the grub

"Is it possible at all to install Ubuntu on a completely different physical drive ( which has got nothing to do with the drive where Windows is already installed) and to make the system prompt me to choose between Windows and Ubuntu ?"

Yes!

Install Grub2 on the Ubuntu (Kingston) drive and change the boot order in your BIOS to The Kingston (Ubuntu) drive.

Grub2 should find your Windows 8 installation on the Samsung drive and add it to the menu options for you.


Resume upgrade to 16.04 - how to resume after starting shell from dialog window

Type the command 'exit' into the subshell.

Terminating the subshell will continue the parent installation process.


It is not possible to use GnuTLS with nginx. Here are some source files having ssl in their names (from the nginx 1.7.7 source), GnuTLS does not seem to be mentioned:

auto/lib/openssl/
src/mail/ngx_mail_ssl_module.h
src/mail/ngx_mail_ssl_module.c
src/http/modules/ngx_http_ssl_module.c
src/http/modules/ngx_http_ssl_module.h
src/event/ngx_event_openssl.h
src/event/ngx_event_openssl.c
src/event/ngx_event_openssl_stapling.c

Neither has GnuTLS been mentioned in the source (grep -rni gnutls . or even grep -rni gnu .). According to Compatibility with the OpenSSL Library, GnuTLS cannot fully replace OpenSSL.

Unless you really need it, use the current version of nginx and OpenSSL. Work has been done for OpenSSL 1.0.1 to support TLS 1.2. See Changes between 1.0.0h and 1.0.1  [14 Mar 2012].


Possible to run Wine / CrossOver / PlayOnLinux in parallel?

The answer is yes. Also, using them at the same time may be necessary in order to be able to run certain programs.

All three are in fact based on Wine.

Playonlinux installs wine whether this is already installed or not. In fact, one of its most interesting features is that it can install and use different versions of wine for different programs and program versions, and in this way cope with version regressions. The corresponding Wine program is automatically downloaded and used, or it can be selected by the user who knows what he's doing. Playonlinux also installs Winetricks to run wine scripts.

Wine installs in ~/.wine. Playonlinux installs in ~/.PlayOnLinux/wineprefix/. But running wine from menus after it was installed by playonlinux would create the ~/.wine folder. From this point of view using Playonlinux already involves in a way using Wine as a separate program. There is no point really in installing Wine after installing playonlinux. Playonlinux installs Wine, which then can be then used from playonlinux or separately.

For example, I have installed ImgBurn in Playonlinux, but then went to menus, wine, and installed foobar2000 there just to test and this player now is available from wine but not from playonlinux. But programs like Foobar2000 and ImgBurn are easily installed in all of the three options. Others, like msoffice, especially older versions, are a different matter.

Playonlinux is a GUI, but also a program with supplementary specific features. It seems made for games, but I cannot tell whether it is really better then crossover, for example, in dealing with games.

Crossover has impressed me greatly, but it still may lack some features offered by playonlinux, so having both makes sense. The big advantage with crossover is in the way it facilitates the installation of programs that are difficult to put to work in Wine and playonlinux, like older versions of msoffice. It installs in ~/.cxoffice. I have not tested it enough but I believe it to be indeed a superior program. (While I was not able to install msofficexp in the other two, in Crossover it was very easy to do.)

For many small programs it makes little sense having all these three programs at the same time. But for certain special cases like msoffice (which i tested) or games (which i didn't test), and I guess for bigger and complex programs in general crossover and playonlinux may be necessary, so that one could be .

After you test them please report here your conclusions.

Update: I was able to install Kindle for PC in Crossover, but it would not run. In Playonlinux, Kindle for PC is registered in the list of software that can be selected for installation; after selecting it, a specific Wine version 1.4 was installed and the application was able to run. This is a good example how PlayOnLinux is very necessary.


You can't move/resize /dev/sda9 because it's a live mounted/running system. You must boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB. Here's how...
Make sure that you have a good backup of your important Ubuntu files, as this procedure can corrupt or loose data.
Keep these things in mind:

always start the entire procedure with issuing a swapoff on any mounted swap partitions, and end the entire procedure with issuing a swapon on that same swap partition

a move is done by pointing the mouse pointer at the center of a partition and dragging it left/right with the hand cursor

a resize is done by dragging the left/right side of a partition to the left/right with the directional arrow cursor

if any partition can't be moved/resized graphically, you may have to manually enter the specific required numeric data (don't do this unless I instruct you to)

you begin any move/resize by right-clicking on the partition in the lower part of the main window, and selecting the desired action from the popup menu, then finishing that action in the new move/resize window

Do the following...
Note: if the procedure doesn't work exactly as I outline, STOP immediately and DO NOT continue.

boot the a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
start gparted
move /dev/sda9 all the way left
resize the right side of /dev/sda9 all the way right
click on the Accept icon to do the work
reboot the system


By default less is installed as an replacement for more. It supports PgUp and PgDown but doesn't have the blue bar.

The one with the blue bar is most.


Can I use mount command to "increase" my internal hard disk capacity using a USB drive?

Sure, and why not?

More, you could even mount it e.g. to /mnt, and then use the bind option or symlinks to substitute your /home/user/{Downloads,Pictures,Music,Videos,Documents,...}.


I believe cookies are used for this purpose.

You can check you web cookie settings by clicking the Wrench -> Under the Hood -> Content Settings to see whether cookie setting is allowed.

From there you can click All Cookies and Site Data and see whether google cookies are stored.


How to upgrade libssl-dev to a more recent version?

You can upgrade to 18.04. It has libssl1.1 version 1.1.0g-2ubuntu4.3 (as the time of writing), which satisfies your dependency.


How can I 'ssh' to an ubuntu server running on VirutalBox

The easiest way is to set up the network interface of the virtual machine to "Bridged mode" in virtualbox.

You do that by selecting the virtual machine (in VB) then go to settings > network, and change the attached to dropdown from NAT to  bridged

After that, you virtual machine should get an IP address of your local network (similar tot he one of the host pc) and you should be able to ssh it with that IP.


To pass the filenames from your pipe to xclip, all you need is

ls | head -n 10 | tail -n 5 | xclip -sel clip

because xclip by default reads text from standard input.

By adding xargs, you were passing the output of the pipe as a sequence of filename arguments to xclip, which in principle would be the way to copy the files' contents to the clipboard, however it was failing because by default xargs considers each whitespace-delimited word as a separate argument - if you did want to copy file contents to the clipboard, the way around that would be to tell xargs to use a newline delimiter:

ls | head -n 10 | tail -n 5 | xargs -d '\n' xclip -sel clip

or, even better (since newline is actually a legal - albeit rarely used - character in filenames), make the whole pipeline null-delimited:

printf '%s\0' * | head -zn 10 | tail -zn 5 | xargs -0 xclip -sel clip


How can I make dropbox back up folders in my Home Folder like Music?

I have solved the same issue in my case by linking (http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/creating-soft-link-or-symbolic-link/) my ~/Music to ~/Dropbox/Music and storing my music files there.

Here's how I did in my case:

mv ~/Music ~/Dropbox/Music
ln -s ~/Dropbox/Music ~/Music

If you want to keep all your systems in sync, you have to use the same "trick" on all of them.

Cheers


Are any files copied when I move files from a folder into another folder on the same disk?

A file in *nix consists of three things:

The data on the disk
An inode that points to the data on a disk and stores useful things like access and modified times, permissions, etc, etc. These will vary based on the filesystem.
One (or many) hardlinks that provide the location (path and filename) and point to the inode.

In effect the system is editing the hardlink but that might cause concurrency conflicts so what actually happens is the system creates a new hardlink and then deletes the old one.

I'm the last but from here but I'll try and find a technical source for this.


fresh install of ubuntu on new hard drive to replace win 7

Yes you can replace Win 7 with Ubuntu(I did on the computer I'm using to type this).  Everything is likely to work.  The wireless may be the exception, they have the tendencies to give you the most trouble but many work flawlessly.

The easiest way to see if how your laptop will work is to boot from a LiveUSB/DVD.

Create a USB Stik with Windows

Burn a DVD with Windows

The Live media will run slightly slower than a full install but it will allow you to test your hardware.

The other option is to install inside Windows with Wubi and create a virtual install inside Windows.  Again this will run slower than a full install but will allow you to test your hardware.

Any of the option I listed will require you to download the ISO file from here.

You can also check to see if you laptop is listed as Certified.  Certified hardware has been tested and will run as if Ubuntu was the native OS.  To check the whole laptop here and to check for your wireless or any other specific component go here.


I've started just ordering these.  It saves me a lot of time and headache.  I'd get a PCIe one.

https://www.thinkpenguin.com/catalog/wireless-networking-gnulinux


I would move the installation to another drive. With the same DD utility, and do a grub install on it so that it boots normally. After that setup your hardware raid, and do DD from the drive you setup back to the new hardware raid drive and do a grub install on that drive, and you should be set.


unable to change 64bit architecture to 32 bit architecture while using dpkg command

In 12.04 the option is

--force-architecture

The

 --add-architecture

was added in 12.10.

man dpkg 12.04.
man dpkg 12.10.


I can't access the login screen in Lubuntu 16.04 LTS (2)

Finally, I fixed this problem using these steps:

Boot to GRUB (press SHIFT until the menu is shown).
Go to recovery.
Resume normal boot.
The computer will boot but with bad resolution.
Go to terminal and run this command:

apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-intel

Reboot, and everything will work just fine.


How to set up native monitor resolution of 1680 × 1050 with Nvidia Geforce 210 on Ubuntu 14.04

I resolved my problem by seeking on the internet the horizontal and vertical refresh rate for my monitors:

1.Optiquest Q201wb 1680 x 1050

Horizontal refresh rate 30-80 Hz

Vertical refresh rate 55-75 Hz

2.Iiyama prolite e2200ws 1680 × 1050

Horizontal refresh rate 31-82 Hz

Vertical refresh rate 56-75 Hz

Then by using Torben Gundtofte-Bruun's tutorial from here How do I set the correct monitor resolution with Nvidia drivers for a monitor that does not send EDID? I've edited /etc/X11/xorg.conf file with

 sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

and I entered the values 31-80 Hz for

  HorizSync

and 56-75 Hz for

  VertRefresh

in the

  Section "Monitor"

part. The values from there were very different from the above.

After that , from Displays I could select the 16:10 ratio 1680x1050 resolution.
I'm verry happy now. Thank you Torben Gundtofte-Bruun.


How can I change the purple background color of Ubuntu plymouth boot screen?

It's pretty easy.

Open the file /lib/plymouth/themes/ubuntu-logo/ubuntu-logo.script with an editor
and change the following 2 lines that can be found to something like this

Window.SetBackgroundTopColor (0.0, 0.00, 0.0);     # Nice colour on top of the screen fading to
Window.SetBackgroundBottomColor (0.0, 0.00, 0.0);  # an equally nice colour on the bottom

save the file and run the following command.

sudo update-initramfs -u

The background of the boot splash should now be black instead of purple.

Note that in Ubuntu 16.04, the themes directory location changed to /usr/share/plymouth/themes.


"permission denied" when converting ubuntu.iso to ubuntu.img

Copy the iso file into your home directory and then open a terminal and type this:

hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o ubuntu.img NAME_OF_DOWNLOADED_FILE.iso

substituting NAME_OF_DOWNLOADED_FILE.iso for the actual name. This should create the file ubuntu.img


basic partitioning scheme for 1Tb hard drive

The basic partitioning scheme would be the default partitioning scheme of the Ubuntu installer: one single partition (and depending on how you boot, an EFI partition). Current versions of Ubuntu by default use a swap file instead of a dedicated swap partition.


Can a virtual machine created in Windows run on Ubuntu?

Yes. You can easily run any VMware VM in Ubuntu. Just copy their files to Ubuntu drive and start using it.
If you have any problem in accessing to your Windows 10 drives, just simply restart your Windows 10 to resolve the issue.


(Image) Does this mean I have the right video drivers installed?

The open-source driver does not have the same performance than the proprietary driver. Prefer this last one (fglrx driver) if you want the best performance for your games.


Another simple to use but featured application downloadable free from the Ubuntu Software Centre is Grisbi. This handles multiple accounts and various currencies.


I have Ubuntu desktop installed and trying to set up Plex I want to put the media on a separate drive this is where I'm having trouble

You are on the right track; so far so good!
Open up a terminal & become root:

sudo -i

Next, find the UUID for your drive: blkid /dev/sdb1, copy the result (with your mouse!). I am assuming here that you have only these 2 drives, no USB etc - it may not be sdb otherwise. You should get something like UUID="fgbdjdilyh354dfh"
Then edit /etc/fstab & add (note the lack of quote marks)

UUID=fgbdjdilyh354dfh /path/where/you/want/this ext4 defaults 0 0

This will put the drive where you want it, at next boot. It will then hide any files already there; so move them to the new drive - you don't want to be root for this step so exit (I use CTRL-D ), cp -R old/location/* new/drive/, I suggest you remove the originals because they will just clutter your SSD whilst being inaccessible.
You can then either reboot; or, perhaps safer, sudo umount /new/drive ; sudo mount -a & check that df -h returns a sensible looking layout and the system works.


The following packages have unmet dependencies (steam)

Please perform these commands before install Steam:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
 sudo apt-get update


Unusual characters in Brace expansion of characters in bash

Take a look at ascii table. After uppercase Z there are exactly those characters that you got, so there's no surprise - bash read ascii table from where you told it to, to where you told it to. \ does not show up, though, because it is usually used for escape sequences like \n - a newline


Try adding this line to:
~/.gtkrc-2.0
gtk-enable-tooltips = 0

This however will disable toolips in general.
Source: https://forum.xfce.org/viewtopic.php?id=7714


Ubuntu shutdown bricked my external hard drive

Is it possible that shutting down and then unplugging my external hard drive could have broken a path?

No. And if it did it would not kill the contents of the disk.

  I have noticed that Ubuntu shuts down almost instantly ...

We do not probe for an update as Windows does.

  whereas Windows takes much longer and often pauses on closing 1 application and shutting down so I am not sure if Ubuntu ends all processes properly before shut down.

Windows does more than that during shutdown

Ubuntu does not physically touch the external disk on shutdown. You can disable the splash screen during shutdown and you will see it will scroll a fair amount of instructions. It will go through a bunch on "init" levels. Finishing those takes not a lot of time.

  If a process was abruptly ended when it was reading or writing to the drive then it may have corrupted it.

Only if you killed the machine by removing the power from a desktop. Even a notebook running out of battery will gracefully stop all processes and shut down.

All said and done though ...

  Unknown partition

Is bad. Really bad. I would suggest rounding up some tools to investigate it. It could be bad luck and a bad disk. Have a look and see if fdisk can see it. If fschk can be used on it.


Input/output error when write on internal hard drive. Sometimes works without errors. Read from that drive always works

Well, @guiverc made a comment which motivates me to look for disk bad blocks.
I already read about that possibility but turned away from it because everything works fine when file manager is closed/uninstalled.
This is what solved (at least it seems solved for now) my problem:

I already said that drive is used regularly from ubuntu and from windows. So I logged into windows and tried to delete junk folders and files I created in last two days trying to understand strange behavior. Dozens of folders was deleted as normal, but one folder resist to be deleted, and windows popup appears with error:
"Error 0x80070570 the file or directory is corrupted and unreadable" with suggestion to look for explanation of that error code.

I did it, and find this page:
https://windowsreport.com/error-0x80070570-windows-10/
which, among other things, suggests to check hard drive for errors:
1. Open This PC, right click the partition you want to scan and choose Properties from the menu
2. Navigate to Tools tab and click the Check button.
3. Check Scan and repear..
It lasts for 10 minutes, and was successful.

Restarted and logged in Ubuntu.
With no file manager opened (Nautilus) tried to save file with Gedit successfuly, tried to mkdir from terminal successfuly (just to be sure everything works not worse than before), and finally open Nautilus, and successfully created folder. Save from Gedit, and mkdir from terminal which usually stoped working after opening Nautilus, now works fine (knock - knock :) )

So problem seems to be solved, but I will keep an eye on, and report if problem reappears.

UPDATE:
Screenshots from Disks app and SMART data, as suggested by @guiverc and required by @heynnema .
"Unfortunately" I can bring only screenshots after windows successfully repairs drive:


The problem was actually only between Thunderbird and Gmail, sorry for my initial mistaken belief it was to do with Ubuntu.

After changing the authentification method to OAuth2 in both the IMAP and SMTP servers Thunderbird appeared in the Google "Apps with access to your account". I then switched off "Allow less secure apps" and rebooted my machine. I then sent myself a message and it worked.


Can't set wallpaper with Xfce in Ubuntu 15.04

install gnome-tweak-tool:

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

select desktop, and toggle "show icons on desktop" to the off position.


Removing linux-generic will do no harm at all. It is only a "meta-package" depending on linux-image-generic and linux-headers-generic. Those two are themselves meta-packages depending on the respective latest image/headers packages.

You can see this for yourself by issuing apt-cache show linux-generic, apt-cache show linux-image-generic and apt-cache show linux-headers-generic.

The purpose of meta-packages is to pull-in the packages on which they depend, they have no functionality at all. On the other hand removing one will not remove it's dependencies - so no danger to the system.

After having fixed the original issue you can of course install linux-generic again.


Which input schemes are shown in Text Entry?

OK, I found the solution. Actually, we can set which languages to be shown in Text Entry options.

This is the Language and Support window found under System Settings.

In the options of keyboard input method system, at the bottom, change it from Default to IBus. All the input schemes shown in /usr/share/m17n/ will be present as options in Text Entry.


Application (Qt Creator) is unresponsive on launch, even after reinstalling

I eventually managed to solve this by removing the directory QtProject and the file QtProject.conf from the directory ~/.config. After doing this and restarting QtCreator, it seems to now run as expected. However, I don't understand the real reason behind why this worked.


Ugly Boot Screen after upgrading to 12.10

This http://www.namanb.com/2010/05/changing-bootup-resolution-plymouth-in-ubuntu-10-04-lucid-lynx.html or this Screen Resolution Change may help you. Or even that: http://byobu.info/wiki/Changing_Plymouth_Resolution_in_Ubuntu ...
I used the fixplymouth (only) script and it worked for me. Hope it works for you too.
Plymouth manager wasn't available for ubuntu 12.10 yet ...


The system call table in kernel 4.x is located in:

linux-4.x/arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_64.tbl

and for 32 bit version:

linux-4.x/arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl


how do I find the kerner version in ubuntu 13.04

To know kernel version you have to execute this command:

 uname -r

It would display something like:

 3.8.0-30-generic

You can also get the complete list by:

 uname -a

It would display something like:

 Linux saurav-P4I45Gx-PE 3.8.0-30-generic #44~precise1-Ubuntu SMP Fri Aug 23 17:33:45 UTC 2013 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

Another way to know the kernel version is to open Synaptic Package Manager and search for linux header. You have to check for the installed Kernel version.

Yet another way to find the kernel version is to run this command:

 sudo dpkg -l | grep linux-headers | grep ii

or

 sudo dpkg -l | grep linux-headers | awk '{print $3}'

That's it..


how to view multiple juju environment on juju-gui

This is not supported in the juju-gui, you will need to deploy a new instance of the juju-gui for each environment. The juju-gui is designed to be deployed on the bootstrap node without issue so you don't need new machines for the GUI.


I cant comment, so I must answer you this way:

Do you have installed the following packages on your db server:

libapache2-mod-php5

php5-mysql

If not, then run the following command:

sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5 php5-mysql


Is there a way to know which GTK version is installed using the command line?

apt-cache policy libgtk2.0-0 libgtk-3-0 (optionally pipe to grep Installed)

or

dpkg -l libgtk2.0-0 libgtk-3-0


This is a well known defect with WD Elements drives.  They ship them with a corrupt format since it claims the disk is slightly larger than it actually appears to be.  You will need to repartition the drive to correct WD's error, and you should complain loudly to WD so maybe they will stop shipping broken drives.


maybe this link can help you,
http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2013/04/10-things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-13-04


Vim editor, how can I save a file in other directory

You can enter :pwd to display the current working directory. This is where your file will be saved if simply enter :w filename.  You can change the working directory with :cd path/to/new/directory. Or you can enter the full path to the location where you want to save the file with the write command, e.g., :w /var/www/filename.


How to put /opt and /home on the same partition but different from /?

This is what I would do. Make a home partition, tell the installer to mount it to /home. After install and on first boot create a directory called /home/opt. Then mount bind it to /opt.

Make sure /opt is empty before you do this. I would think so if it's just after a fresh install.

mount -o bind /home/opt /opt

for a manual mount.

For mounting on boot, edit /etc/fstab it would look something like this. Make sure you add below your home mount, which the installer should have added.

/home/opt /opt none bind 0 0


How do I disable S to allow myself to launch Sublime?

I solved this by going into the Shortcuts settings of Ubuntu (System Settings > Keyboard > Shortcuts) and simply creating a custom shortcut with the command /usr/bin/sublime, then double click on the "Disabled" area and pressing the Ctrl + Alt + S keys.

Changing anything in gconf-editor under both user & root access didn't change a thing.


I think you can use this thread to solve your issues but you need to remove purge not only eclipse but all related packages...

Read this...


Can't login into Ubuntu 13.10, can't Ctrl Alt F1

It sounds like you are getting to gdm. Can you select single user mode (command prompt only mode) on the boot menu? If so, try to log in from there. Once you get logged in to a command prompt, create a new user with the command sudo adduser NEWNAME (NEWNAME is whatever you want). This will create a new /home/user directory for that user. Then reboot and try to log in as that user. It will probably work, which means some setting in your old /home were corrupted. The easiest thing to do then is just to copy your old /home/user data to your new /home/user folder.

Ok it sounds like you may have deleted a system partition. What I would do is make a live cd or better still thumb drive you can keep with you, then boot into that and mount your file system. Back up your /home partition (if it's there, it sounds like it may not be) and reload.


More Room for Ubuntu - How do I use GParted to Make Ubuntu Partition Bigger

That is going to take a LONG time and it is going to warn you that it is risky because it has to move 3 partitions to the right (the swap and two microsoft partitions)... If the unallocated space was on the right directly next to the partition you wanted to grow, then it ('shifting it to the left') would go fairly fast and with less risk.... BUT it is an NVME, so I really dont know how long that would take there...
in gparted right clicking on the partition you want to resize and selecting "resize/move", should allow you to grow it to the size you want(based on the unallocated space on the drive).
To answer your question: Since I last used gparted I don't remember if you can just be on partition 1 and gparted just recognizes there to be some space between partition 6 and 7 and you can just grow it using that space. If it does work that way now then pretty easy, you just type the new size of the partition... But if not, I think you have to step through moving the unallocated space until it is adjacent to the right of the ubuntu partiton.
...moving the space, by setting the "free space preceding" to the size of the unallocated space.... (once for each of the 3 partitions, starting with the one to the left, adjacent to the unallocated space)
(just me personally, when I do things like that I try to get rid of or rebuild the stuff I can do without to save time... like I would delete the swap and leave 4 gigs in the unallocated space and rebuild it there afterwards. No need to wait to copy swap from one place to another... ESPECIALLY on a spinning drive. Another time I was too scared too risk moving such a large partition so I dd'ed the ubuntu partition into the larger partition i created in the unallocated space... some changes in grub entries,fstab, and blkid were involved but that warning message spooked me on that particular system)


Per @egmont, Solution is to update vim's cursors to avoid gnome-terminals' vte bug.

See solution at my updated vimrc: https://github.com/mjedmonds/.dotfiles/commit/41c1d4639d7b2b047d260602f27a80695cf73f9c


This sounds very enterprise (as in pricey).

datadomain offers data de-duplication, and maybe netapp with their wafl filesystem. But at a high cost.

A "free" alternative could be zfs.

According to me though the "best" and most Linuxy alternative, although on a file level instead of "block level", would be rsnapshot. It uses rsync and hardlinks to manage versioning.

I rather trust old proven tools than using a new filesystems like Btrfs which hasn't been around long enough for people to discover all kinds of nasty bugs.


I have experienced the same error when I first installed Ubuntu 13.10 on the toshiba harman/kardon this week.

I solved the error with a single command:
Open a Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and type:

sudo chown -R $USER: /lib/plymouth

Then all the permission issues are solved and the error is gone in the next boot.


How change system font color Ubuntu 12.04

You can change the theme and, with it, change the font color.

For doing it, look for appearance in the dash and choose other theme from the list.

I know it's not the same, but is the only thing that I can think.


How update pygobject without breaking any dependency?

The Pygobject version 3.14 is available in the official packages for Ubuntu 14.10 Utopic Unicorn.

To upgrade from Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty) to Ubuntu 14.10 (Utopic):

Run the update-manager application from the Unity Dash or a command line
In Update Manager, click the Settings... button, and enter your password to start the Software Sources application.
Select the sub menu Updates from the Software Sources application.
Confirm the "Notify me of a new Ubuntu version:" option is set to "For any new version", and change it if otherwise.
Close the Software Sources application and return to Update Manager.
In Update Manager, click the Check button to check for new updates.
If there are any updates to install, use the Install Updates button to install them, and press Check again after that is complete.
A message will appear informing you of the availability of the new release.
Click Upgrade.
Follow the on-screen instructions.

source: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UtopicUpgrades


How to apply Vim color scheme to all users?

May be you have placed the colorscheme file only for root (which I think resides usually in /root/.vim/colors).

You can try to copy the colorscheme from there to ~/.vim/colors/ (i.e user's home directory) and then see if it works.

Also there is a Q&A site dedicated to vi and vim, so have a look at https://vi.stackexchange.com/questions/2782/how-can-i-create-my-own-colorscheme


How to resolve 404 errors while using sudo apt-get update

By example in 'how to resolve errors', for the first one, have a look at the site in a browser, when you get to

http://ppa.launchpad.net/marutter/c2d4u/ubuntu/dists/

you'll note there is no "artful" directory - ie. 17.10 isn't supported for this PPA which results in the error you got.  Artful is the code name for the 17.10 release

(my answer is worded this way as I read it as you were seeking help in solving issue, rather than quick fix; some PPAs only support LTS releases, or many  other reasons)


Finding installed packages not supported by the Ubuntu team

You can use ubuntu-support-status command

$ ubuntu-support-status --help
Usage: ubuntu-support-status [options]

Options:
  -h, --help          show this help message and exit
  --show-unsupported  Show unsupported packages on this machine
  --show-supported    Show supported packages on this machine
  --show-all          Show all packages with their status
  --list              Show all packages in a list

with corresponding argument --show-unsupported.

Below is example from my 16.04.5 LTS system:

$ ubuntu-support-status --show-unsupported

Support status summary of 'hostname':

You have 94 packages (1.9%) supported until April 2021 (Community - 5y)
You have 2668 packages (54.0%) supported until April 2021 (Canonical - 5y)
You have 647 packages (13.1%) supported until April 2019 (Community - 3y)

You have 79 packages (1.6%) that can not/no-longer be downloaded
You have 1456 packages (29.4%) that are unsupported

No longer downloadable:
acroread acroread-bin:i386 cpp-4.4 cpp-4.5 cpp-4.6
...

Unsupported:
abiword-plugin-grammar adequate aglfn alien android android-tools-adb
android-tools-fastboot ant ant-optional antiword apt-file
...
y-ppa-manager yad zenmap

(I added the ... to limit number of lines).


NAS ip's showing up twice (DUP) and NAS not accessible

Do you have both network cards connected on Q800 ? If you do try to disconnect one network card and see if it works.

This NAS has load balancing options for network so it is possible that you enabled load balancing on NAS. You have to configure LACP on your switch before it will work.

Other option is that both cards have configured same ip address which leads to duplicate ip problems.


"Package dependencies cannot be resolved" when installing codecs

The i386 version of gstreamer1.0-libav cannot be co-installed with the amd64 (or any other architecture) version of the package. This is because at least one of the packages it depends on (libopus0) hasn't been marked as being co-installable with another architecture of the package. (See here for the specifications of this). Because this hasn't been set, apt will refuse to install the i386 version and the amd64 version.

I would file a bug on the package here, and link to that section of the spec. Note that the current version in Saucy and Trusty won't be changed (since this is bit of a major change), but the fix will be in Utopic.


I have never used these files, but after some googling i came up with this site which lists some vrml/x3d viewers. I have tried the InstantPlayer binaries for ubuntu, but I couldn't get it to open the 1s.wrl file from your link.

But the view3dscene worked for me. On this page you can find the binaries for both 32-bit and 64-bit Ubuntu.

It's a bit ugly, but seems to work. Here is what it looks like on my computer:


Thanks all.  Suggestions pointed me down a fruitful path.  Figured out what was happening.  My VPN provider had changed - or more correctly - retired the DNS IP addresses in by resolv.conf file.  Once I updated to the new items I was good.


Does ubuntu's installation of mysql-server-5.7 now require apparmor?

The MySQL packages on Ubuntu have had included an AppArmor profile since 14.04, and if the packages didn't depend on AppArmor, then it must have been an oversight or reliance on some indirect dependency. In any case, the changelog for the MySQL packages says:

mysql-5.7 (5.7.11-0ubuntu3) xenial; urgency=medium

  * Ubuntu upload from Debian VCS c17404a.
  * FFe update to MySQL 5.7 (LP: #1528583).
  * Revert "Build with libmecab-dev" since libmecab-dev is in universe.
  * mysql-server-5.7: depend on apparmor (>= 2.10) for Trusty upgrade
    path.

 -- Robie Basak <robie.basak@ubuntu.com>  Wed, 16 Mar 2016 14:01:31 +0000

So, yes, it does require AppArmor. If you really want to avoid AppArmor, you'd have to rebuild the package to remove the dependency, or fake the dependency.


Raspberry Pi - Nextcloud - Snap - stuck on making 'Read only Filesystem" writable

Snaps are mounted as read-only filesystems. Therefore none of the files under ´/snap/nextcloud/´ can be edited. Each snap does have a writable directory under ´/var/snap//current´. You might check there for the config.php.

However, snaps also have a native configuration system which nextcloud could be using. Try running ´snap get nextcloud´. If you see a list of configs, you probably want to set them there


It is probably a fakeraid, and you bypassed the raid and installed ubuntu to a single drive, which gets overwritten with the mirrored copy when you reboot.


Wireless connection works but the internet is too slow to use in Ubuntu 11.04

The answer from the blog is:

sudo iwconfig wlan0 power off

The blog then went on to describe how to automate that command. Using any editor, open /etc/pm/power.d/wireless

# Command line
sudo -e /etc/pm/power.d/wireless

# gedit
gksu gedit /etc/pm/power.d/wireless

And add in the following line

#!/bin/sh

/sbin/iwconfig wlan0 power off

And the final tip is to edit /etc/nsswitch.conf. Search for the hosts line

hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4

and change it to

hosts:          files dns


How do I change this theme's menu behavior back to 12.04's behavior?

I had the same. The reason is that after upgrade you have different versions of mac-os-x themes mixed up.

If you don't want to mess with /usr/share/themes directory then

go to Synaptic Package Manager,
search for 'mac-os' packages
remove noobslab 'precise' ppa
add 'quantal' ppa's for mac-os-x-theme

Worked form me right away but try to logout / login just to make sure.


As a temporary fix, you can also boot your system with a previous kernel image if you don't have the habit to remove them.
In my case RESTART + hit the ESC key sent me to boot menu, select advanced options then select for instance the kernel image 153


With password, how to find the passphrase for a full disk encryption after a clone

The canonical answer whether this is possible is: NO, it's not possible.

And this is by design. This situation being easily solvable would defeat the purpose of encrypting itself.

Think of it this way  : it isn't much of a safety net, if anyone can circumvent it.

Captain Hindsight would like to add that in the future you should make sure to keep the password and the passphrase in several places if memory cannot be trusted (and it probably shouldn't). Also backups backups backups! Always make backups!


The way i found the UUID was by first identifying what partition of the USB i wanted to boot from, i did this by typing

lsblk

It gave me a dev tree, so outlining SDB1, SDB2 and SDB3. I knewi wanted to boot from SDB2, because this was the root file system.

I wrote a small script, passing /dev/sdb as the variable through it.

#!/bin/sh
sudo dd if=/dev/$1 bs=4 skip=110 count=1 | hexdump

It gave me the PARTUUID in the wrong endian format, so i just swapped it around. So the UUID for SDB2 is xxxxxxxx-02


VLC closes immediately when playing file accessed in the file manager

I can recommend to clear VLC's folders, such as

~/.config/vlc
~/.cache/vlc
~/.local/share/vlc


Ubuntu Core is aimed at devices not humans :)

The new packaging format in Ubuntu Core, called the "snap", is very strict and deterministic. All the files in a snap are not modifiable, by you or a hacker, and they can be updated automatically. This is great for millions of devices in the field, but it's not fun for a human.

I would suggest you start at https://snapcraft.io/ to find out more about making a snap of your software. You would make a snap using the familiar, friendly, "classic" Ubuntu desktop or server, and that snap can then be installed on either "classic" or "snappy" systems like Ubuntu Core. The idea is that developers use a friendly and easy place like "classic" Ubuntu for development, but they ship snaps to devices (or other systems). If docket and apt-get had a baby, it would look like a snap :)

Hope that helps. Check out https://rocket.ubuntu.com/channel/snapcraft which is a web forum we are trying out... that happens to be run from a snap :) or you can find us in #snapcraft on Freenode. To try out Rocket and get a feels for how your oapp can be distributed neatly as a snap, try sudo snap install rocketchat-server then point your browser at http://localhost:3000/


Install a i386 printer driver into an amd64 distribution or how can I find a good printer based on features?

It's better to look for hardware that's supported by drivers shipping with Linux distributions, than to select hardware because its manufacturer advertises Linux support. That's because hardware manufacturers aren't always very good at writing drivers, especially for non-Windows OSes. Beware especially of binary-only drivers: they're hard to integrate with anything but the particular distribution the driver maker tested their code with.

For printers, favor one that's on the Gutenprint supported list. Sometimes a newer model now available in stores hasn't made it into the list yet, but a slightly older model is supported and the driver works with the newer model. Postscript printers (rare in your price range) are always ok. Otherwise, beware; Google to see if other people have gotten it to work before buying.

The Gutenprint compatibility list is short on Lexmark models. You can still try to print and see what happens, and search or ask on the Gutenprint lists to see what people think of your model. If it's definitely not supported by Gutenprint, install the i386 driver, even if you have an amd64 installation: amd64 kernels can run 32-bit programs, and the libraries a driver is likely to use are in the ia32-libs package.


only one file system is placed in my computer

You can use e.g. GParted partitoning program to resize your partitions. But you can't just simply resize mounted partitions, so boot up a Live CD, install GParted with

sudo apt-get install gparted

Start gparted and resize your partitions.


You were on the right track. The --full-screen option will open the terminal window in full screen mode on the monitor it is displayed on in the first place. But on which monitor is gnome-terminal displayed? Using the geometry parameter, you can specify width, height, and x/y offset:

gnome-terminal --geometry WidthxHeight+Xoffset+Yoffset

...where the offsets are specified in pixels, but width and height are specified in number of columns and lines, respectively. The window will never span multiple monitors and will be placed on the monitor that would contain the biggest part of the window if it spanned multiple monitors.

In your case, despite 0 offset, you made the window 1680 columns wide, which is why it was placed on the middle monitor.

When you want to display the terminal in full screen anyways, use the smallest possible dimensions to ensure that it is placed on the correct monitor in the first place:

#left monitor:
gnome-terminal --geometry 1x1+0+0 --full-screen

#right monitor:
gnome-terminal --geometry 1x1+3600+0 --full-screen


How do I get my Unity login screen back after installing Lubuntu Desktop on 14.04?

I found the solution.

As the affected user change the background then log off. Lightdm should now be showing the chosen wallpaper.


My linux won't let me get in as user or even as a guest in login screen

I had the same problem when i was using the Ubuntu based operating system, Zorin OS and I didn't find a solution except booting into Gnome Recovery mode which Ubuntu doesn't have. I thought the problem was a bug to do with Zorin OS, so I ended up uninstalling Zorin and installing Ubuntu because I thought it would be more stable (and it is). So the only solution I can think of is to uninstall Ubuntu and then install it again.


You could write a bash script called ~/bin/ls that should override /bin/ls. remember to run chmod +x ~/bin/ls.

I've just written this which seems to do most of what you want to accomplish (including passing along extra arguments)

#!/bin/bash

DIRS="`/bin/ls --color=auto -l $@ | grep ^d`"
FILES="`/bin/ls --color=auto -l $@ | grep ^\-`"

if [ "$DIRS" ]
then
    echo "DIRECTORIES"
    echo -e "$DIRS\

"
fi

if [ "$FILES" ]
then
    echo "FILES"
    echo "$FILES\

"
fi

Somebody might want to tidy that up a little or improve the output formatting, but there you go. Yours to do whatever you like with.

And here's some genuine sample output:

ls
DIRECTORIES
drwxr-xr-x 4 oli oli     4096 2010-12-16 15:40 markitup
drwxr-xr-x 7 oli oli     4096 2011-01-16 16:58 media
drwxr-xr-x 3 oli oli     4096 2010-12-16 15:41 post
drwxr-xr-x 9 oli oli     4096 2010-09-16 05:23 templates

FILES
-rw-r--r-- 1 oli oli  5361664 2010-09-06 16:32 db.db
-rw-r--r-- 1 oli oli        0 2008-12-11 09:22 __init__.py
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oli oli      542 2008-12-11 09:22 manage.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 oli oli       13 2010-03-23 18:14 settingsdev.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 oli oli     2642 2010-12-16 15:40 settings.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 oli oli     1818 2010-12-16 15:40 urls.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 oli oli      432 2010-06-22 20:54 views.py

And with arguments:

ls -a
DIRECTORIES
drwxr-xr-x  8 oli oli     4096 2011-01-12 00:46 .
drwxr-xr-x 19 oli oli     4096 2011-04-13 17:24 ..
drwxr-xr-x  6 oli oli     4096 2010-02-03 13:50 .bzr
drwxr-xr-x  4 oli oli     4096 2010-12-16 15:40 markitup
drwxr-xr-x  7 oli oli     4096 2011-01-16 16:58 media
drwxr-xr-x  3 oli oli     4096 2010-12-16 15:41 post
drwxr-xr-x  9 oli oli     4096 2010-09-16 05:23 templates

FILES
-rw-r--r--  1 oli oli       65 2010-03-27 07:58 .bzrignore
-rw-r--r--  1 oli oli  5361664 2010-09-06 16:32 db.db
-rw-r--r--  1 oli oli        0 2008-12-11 09:22 __init__.py
-rwxr-xr-x  1 oli oli      542 2008-12-11 09:22 manage.py
-rw-r--r--  1 oli oli       13 2010-03-23 18:14 settingsdev.py
-rw-r--r--  1 oli oli     2642 2010-12-16 15:40 settings.py
-rw-r--r--  1 oli oli     1818 2010-12-16 15:40 urls.py
-rw-r--r--  1 oli oli      432 2010-06-22 20:54 views.py


I can only launch gvim from the terminal and not from the Unity launcher

Try this:

On your desktop create a blank document and call it GVim.desktop

Open the file and copy and paste in the following:

#!/usr/bin/env xdg-open

[Desktop Entry]
X-AppInstall-Package=vim-gnome
X-AppInstall-Popcon=1158
X-AppInstall-Section=main

Name=GVim
GenericName=Text Editor
Comment=Edit text files
TryExec=gvim
Exec=gvim -f %F
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=gvim
Categories=Utility;TextEditor;
StartupNotify=true
MimeType=text/plain;

X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=app-install-data

Save the file. Right click the file and click Permissions and check the Allow executing file as program. Your desktop should now have a shortcut for vim-gnome that says GVim with the proper icon. If so then try to run it. If it launches the program properly then open terminal and do the following:

cd Desktop
sudo chown root:root GVim.desktop
sudo desktop-file-install GVim.desktop

It should now show in the start (Unity launcher).

Once you have done this and its showing in the launcher you can delete the file you created on your desktop

cd Desktop (if you arent already there)
sudo rm GVim.desktop

And you should be all set


Browser or Apache2 does not see files: “server software is running but no content has been added”

Personally, I recommend reverting all of your changes to Apache configs, resetting server root to /var/www, and just putting all of your content there.

You can then easily chmod to 775, and add yourself to the www-data group by running command:

 sudo usermod -a -G www-data your_username


You can do it as follows:

Make the column names unambiguous, so you have no columns with the same name (probably you could avoid this step also if you like, if you access the columns by index, but I would make them unambiguous):
do something like:

your_df.columns = ['NamesA', 'SampleA', 'NamesB', 'SampleB', 'Names', 'SamplesC']
Create dataframes from the column pairs
Join the dataframes with the column parts together and collapse the Names columns into one column
Fill the na values

Testdata:

import pandas as pd
your_df= pd.DataFrame({
        'NamesA': ['Name1', 'Name2', 'Name4'],
        'SampleA': [5, 9, 4],
        'NamesB':['Name3', 'Name2', 'Name4'],
        'SampleB': [5, 9, 4],
        'NamesC':['Name1', 'Name2', 'Name3'],
        'SampleC': [8, 2, 8]
        })

Here some example code (beginning with step2):

all_cols= list(your_df.columns)
joined_df= None
while all_cols:
    name_col, sample_col, *all_cols= all_cols
    # in case not all columns in your df are filled
    # you need to handle na values
    filled_indexer= ~your_df[name_col].isna()
    # Step 2:
    col_pair_df= your_df.loc[filled_indexer, [name_col, sample_col]]
    # Step 3:
    if joined_df is None:
        joined_df= col_pair_df
        joined_df.columns= ['Names', sample_col]
    else:
        joined_df= joined_df.merge(col_pair_df, how='outer', left_on='Names', right_on=name_col)
        # now we need to populate the one names column and remove the Names* columns
        names_na_indexer= joined_df['Names'].isna()
        joined_df.loc[names_na_indexer, 'Names']= joined_df[name_col]
        joined_df.drop(name_col, axis='columns', inplace=True)
# Step 4:
joined_df.fillna(0, inplace=True)


Nvidia GeForce 750m resolution weird overscan on reboot problem

Try purging NVIDIA driver 340.58 from system. Install NVIDIA driver 331.104 and reboot. I am using NVIDIA GPU G-force 730 and it will not work right with version 340 but works perfect with 331. Make sure you purge all traces of other drivers from system before installing the NEW driver.


change keyboard keys in english keyboard

The way to type # is already Shift+3 with the English (US) keyboard layout.
To fix @ the way you want, I would suggest that you edit the /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/us file directly. An example:
--- us.orig
+++ us
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
     key <AE11> {   [     minus,    underscore  ]   };
     key <AE12> {   [     equal,    plus        ]   };

-    key <AD01> {   [     q,    Q       ]   };
+    key <AD01> {   [     q,    Q, at       ]   };
     key <AD02> {   [     w,    W       ]   };
     key <AD03> {   [     e,    E       ]   };
     key <AD04> {   [     r,    R       ]   };
@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@
     key <AB10> {   [     slash,    question    ]   };

     key <BKSL> {   [ backslash,         bar    ]   };
+
+    include "level3(ralt_switch)"
 };

 partial alphanumeric_keys

With those changes (and after a relogin) you can do:
Right Alt+Q -> @


Need Driver for Techwell TW6805A or another Multichannel Capture-Card

You should try the TW68v2 code from gitorious: http://gitorious.org/tw68/tw68-v2

This works for our multi channel card that has eight Tw6805 ICs, there is a little issue at the moment for us, the video from some channels 'ghosts' onto some of the other channels, but I'm trying to work this out at the moment. I don't know if we are unlucky, have a faulty card, have a ground loop or something else... we've tried many things to fix this.

Choose a card that has as many TW68xx ICs as you want channels of capture, that way you can use one IC per camera and get 25/30fps from each channel.


RE: Getting Ubuntu Server to Show Web Page URL instead of Just my IP Address

There are several pieces that are needed to tie together a domain name or URL to a home IP address.  As I am not certain about the specific environment in question, the following steps are somewhat generic.

1. Determine your public IP address

This can be acquired in many different ways, but I have found that the easiest is to visit a website from your home network that will do this for you.  For example, cmyip.com will show this information (note that it is important to do this from the home network).

2. Link the public IP address and the domain name/URL

This step is heavily dependent on the company that the domain name was purchased from, but there should be instructions on site for doing this.  At a high level, there should be a section referring to DNS settings where the IP address found in the previous step can be placed.  This entry is called an "A record", which is a term that might be used on the site in this section.

3. Home Router Configurations

Now, the home router needs to be informed that incoming requests (someone else trying to access the website) need to be directed toward the server that has been setup.  These steps are specific to the router; however, the general section that these settings will be under is typically referred to as "Port Forwarding".  First access the router (it looks like its IP address is 192.168.1.1 from the config above).  Then, there should be something called "destination" in the Port Forwarding section.  The local IP address of the server should be put in this field.  From the YAML config file above, this should probably be the 192.168.x.xx.

  As a side note, I would definitely recommend the second configuration from above as that will prevent the server from changing this local IP address.

#blah
network:2
renderer: networkd
ethernets:
  enp0s3:
    dhcp4:no
    addresses:[192.168.x.xx/24]
    gateway4:192.168.1.1
    nameservers:
      addresses:[192.168.1.1,8.8.8.8]

Then, there should be a section for a port.  Starting out, port 80 for an HTTP site (no security [aka SSL]) should be sufficient.

4. Getting the webpage up

In order to actually serve (display) a webpage from the ubuntu server, a web server is required.  The question is tagged with both apache2 and nginx, both sufficient web servers for the task.  There are many others, but those are the ones tagged in the question.

1. Install the web server

This step is relatively simple on ubuntu and only necessary if one is not already installed.

Nginx:  apt-get install nginx

Apache:  apt-get install apache2

2. Place website file in appropriate directory

The appropriate directory for nginx is /var/www/html, which is the same for apache2.  Name the file index.html.  Provided that everything is hooked up, the webpage should be displayed if the domain name is visited on a browser.

Summary

The steps above are relatively generic, but hopefully provide some general guidance.  Specifics on each of the steps can be found through Google or other web searches.  I wish you the best.


Please open the terminal and run this commands:

lspci |grep VGA
dmesg |grep NVIDIA
glxinfo | grep direct

Put the output so we can see.
This seems an issue with your graphic card


Compile lots of TeX files at the same time (or with a single command)

The solution was just:

 for i in *.tex; do pdflatex "$i"; done


How do I make one folder accessible to multiple users?

Permissions are cool. There are two ways to do this:
User Groups
The "UNIX way" to do this is to create a new group servermanagers or similar, and make that the folder's owning group:
sudo groupadd servermanagers
sudo usermod -aG servermanagers minecraft
sudo usermod -aG servermanagers surge
sudo chown -R :servermanagers servers/
sudo chmod 755 servers/

You could also just use the surge or minecraft default groups and just set either of those groups as the owner (though this may do some interesting permission things). However, it gets annoying to have groups for this, so enter...
ACLs
If your system supports ACLs (EXT4 hard drives will automatically do this), you can just use an ACL:
sudo setfacl -Rm u:minecraft:rwx servers/
sudo setfacl -Rm u:surge:rwx servers/
sudo getfacl -a servers/ | sudo setfacl -d -M- servers/

Of course, be sure that your system supports ACLs. See man setfacl for more information.


This is the easiest way to have Aptana Studio 3 up and running on Ubuntu in no time.

Firstly: Install the required JAVA version openjdk-8-jdk and set it as default by following the instructions below:

To install openjdk-8-jdk, please run the following command in the terminal:

sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk

To set openjdk-8-jdk as default, please run the following command in the terminal:

sudo update-alternatives --config java

You will see an output like this:

  Selection    Path                                            Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/lib/jvm/java-14-openjdk-amd64/bin/java      1411      auto mode
  1            /usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/bin/java      1111      manual mode
  2            /usr/lib/jvm/java-14-openjdk-amd64/bin/java      1411      manual mode
* 3            /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java   1081      manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number:

Please, enter the number in front of java-8-openjdk under Selection column and press Enter

Secondly: download, extract and set permissions for Aptana Studio 3 by following the instructions below:

Please download the latest aptana.studio-linux.gtk.x86_64.zip from here and place it in your home directory or wherever you want.
Please right click on the downloaded aptana.studio-linux.gtk.x86_64.zip file and extract it by choosing Extract Here. You will then have a new directory with the extracted Aptana Studio 3 in it like in the image below:

  You will need unzip to extract the file. If it is not installed,
  please install it by running the following command in the terminal:

sudo apt install unzip

Please double click on the newly extracted directory to open it.
Once inside the directory, please find the AptanaStudio3 file and right click on it and select properties.
Please, select the Permissions tab and put a check mark next to Execute like in the image below:

Finally: Double click on the AptanaStudio3 file to run Aptana Studio 3 and enjoy.


Format unreadable external hdd in guest ubuntu OS

Steps

I suggest that you

check the S.M.A.R.T. information to make sure that the drive hardware is healthy,
try to repair the file system (you did not tell us what is is/was (before Windows started saying it is 'raw'),
try to create a new partition table and file system (and if necessary start by wiping the first mibibyte).

Links

S.M.A.R.T. information of HDD and SSD

Repair the partition table and file system of a pendrive

Gparted & maybe wipe the first mibibyte


Bluetooth lost functionality on HP-mini 110 in December 2011

There is apparently a regression in Ubuntu 11.10 bluetooth implementation that is causing the problems. With the workaround described for a similar problem at least browsing device files via bluetooth is possible.


To solve that specific issue:

  Error: Driver 'pcspkr' is already registered, aborting

Just use a live USB/DVD, mount your root system, edit the /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf with root privileges and add the following line:

blacklist pcspkr

Reboot into your system and done.


Ubuntu 16.04 can't see my SSD partitions when installing alongside Windows 10

Your BIOS is set to RAID for the disk subsystem, and the Ubuntu installer doesn't know what to do with that. You need to change it to AHCI. Here are two ways to do it. Windows will not need to be reinstalled if you follow one of these methods.
Some folks have found the 2nd choice that I provide easier to do...
Make sure to have a backup of your important Windows files, as data loss is always a possibility!
You've got a single SSD set up in RAID mode, and the Ubuntu installer won't recognize your SSD until you switch your disk setting in the BIOS from RAID to AHCI.
Making that switch comes with some problems though, as Windows will no longer boot.
You don't need to reinstall Windows...
Below, you'll find two different ways to solve this problem. Some users found Choice #2 to be easier.
#Make sure to have a backup of your important Windows files!
Choice #1: Looking at this article https://samnicholls.net/2016/01/14/how-to-switch-sata-raid-to-ahci-windows-10-xps-13/ will show you how to make the change without having to reinstall Windows.

Boot to Windows with your current SATA controller configuration
Open Device Manager
Expand Storage Controllers and identify the Intel SATA RAID Controller
View properties of the identified controller
On the Driver tab, click the Update driver… button
Browse my computer…, Let me pick…
Uncheck Show compatible hardware
Select Microsoft as manufacturer
Select Microsoft Storage Spaces Controller as model #
Accept that Windows cannot confirm that this driver is compatible
Save changes, reboot to BIOS and change RAID SATA Controller to AHCI
Save changes and reboot normally, hopefully to Windows

Now you should be able to install Ubuntu in a dual-boot configuration.
Choice #2: See http://triplescomputers.com/blog/uncategorized/solution-switch-windows-10-from-raidide-to-ahci-operation/

 Right-click the Windows Start Menu. Choose Command Prompt (Admin).
 If you don’t see Command Prompt listed, it’s because you have already been updated to a later version of Windows.  If so, use this method instead to get to the Command Prompt:
 -  Click the Start Button and type cmd
 - Right-click the result and select Run as administrator
Type this command and press ENTER: bcdedit /set {current} safeboot minimal
 - If this command does not work for you, try bcdedit /set safeboot minimal
Restart the computer and enter BIOS Setup (the key to press varies between systems).
Change the SATA Operation mode to AHCI from either IDE or RAID (again, the language varies).
Save changes and exit Setup and Windows will automatically boot to Safe Mode.
Right-click the Windows Start Menu once more. Choose Command Prompt (Admin)
Type this command and press ENTER: bcdedit /deletevalue {current} safeboot
 - If you had to try the alternate command above, you will likely need to do so here also: bcdedit /deletevalue safeboot
Reboot once more and Windows will automatically start with AHCI drivers enabled.


UEFI is something new, it kind of replaces the BIOS. It's used on new Computers that come most times with Windows 8. You don't have to worry about that.

32-bit will work in every case. If you can, you should use a 64-bit installation. It's faster and supports more (random access) memory. You can use up to between 3 to 4 GB of RAM with a 32-bit machine.

If it's an old computer it may support only 32-bit. Newer ones support mostly 64-bit (and 32-bit too). If you try to install a 64-bit Ubuntu on a 32-bit machine, it won't work, so you can just try if you want. If it does not work, try 32-bit Ubuntu. Your computer should tell you if you try to install 64-bit Ubuntu on a 32-bit computer.

Alternatively just look whether your windows XP installation is 32-bit or 64-bit. It should be visible somewhere in the "Workspace > Right-Click > Properties" (Names may be different since I did never use Windows in english.)

If you feel Ubuntu is too slow on your computer, or even the 32-bit version does not work correctly, please understand that Ubuntu is a modern system that is supposed to run on not too old computers. In this case, consider using these Ubuntu derivatives:

http://lubuntu.net/

http://xubuntu.org/

These are supposed to run smoothly on older computers and offer a different desktop experience (with better performance).


vim [your file]

If this isn't working for you, make sure you have it installed with:

sudo apt-get install vim

If you're already IN vim do

:edit [your file]

Additionally, to move back to the previous file after you finish editing the new file you can use

:e#

This will return you to the previous file


dota 2 start laging after changing ubuntu

If you have a compositor activated, disable it when play. The composing system will cause a lot of "lag", while playing, but the reason is the resource consuption of the composer. Also, I recommend you to install a lightweight desktop like LXDE to have better performance. However, if still want to use Gnome, try to use a lightweight desktop theme, this could contribute a little. Also, disable VSync.

In the game:

Reduce the render quality in game.
Disable the Steam overlay.
Go to Settings, Options, To Advanced options, and select I have a Low-end Network.

Other sources:
The problem has been also commented in:

Dota2 on GitHub
Bumblebee issue 626


No Launchpad project set, leave blank to abort. Quickly

I work on a project created with quickly and it has a lp-id line in its .quickly file. I believe this would be set with the quickly config lp-project command. I see that lp-id is absent in yours. I would expect that if your project name is convertik that the lp-id line would specify convertik and that the URL for the project would be launchpad.net/convertik, rather than launchpad.net/randomazer.

While there isn't a launchpad.net/convertik, there is a launchpad.net/~convertik. Perhaps that has been causing complications for you.

Package names are set in, for example, debian/control, debian/copyright debian/rules, and debian/changelog and may exist elsewhere in your project tree.

You mention above that the project name was originally u1. I assume some of the problems you are having has to do with this. You may have to start over with the quickly create command to create the project from scratch with the proper name and then carefully copy over the work you have done to the new project in order to get all of the project definition correct.


Ubuntu 14.04 SSD started freezing recently

I think this might have been related to Google Chrome after all... After I ran google-chrome --disable-gpu I haven't had any freezing problems.


One possible reason for your problem is a full /boot partition. On some Ubuntu installation you will find the following partition layout:

mount
/dev/sda2 on / type ext4 (rw)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext2 (rw)
df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail  Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2       200G   23G  172G   12% /
/dev/sda1       1G      1G    0G  100% /boot

In most cases the /boot partitions gets crowded with kernel updates. Removing old kernels can be done with:

sudo apt-get --purge autoremove

If however /boot is over crowded, you need to manually remove some of the old kernel packages:

dpkg -l "*linux*" | grep ^ii | tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f2
...
linux-image-4.4.0-79-generic
linux-image-4.4.0-81-generic
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-79-generic
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-81-generic
...
sudo dpkg -r linux-image-4.4.0-79-generic \
    linux-image-extra-4.4.0-79-generic


Ok here is how I got my MFC-295CN scanner working.
I downloaded the drivers, prerequisites, brscan3 ect and installed using software centre. I also installed Xsane. Scanning did not work with Xsane and simple scan.
So I edited the rules.

Open /lib/udev/rules.d/40-libsane.rules file.
Add the following two lines to the end of the device list. (Before the line "# The following rule will disable ..."):

# Brother scanners
ATTRS{idVendor}=="04f9", ENV{libsane_matched}="yes"

Restart the OS.

But to edit it, you have to use terminal.
like this: gksudo gedit /lib/udev/rules.d/40-libsane.rules

This is how to get your MFC-295CN scanner to work.


when building u-boot /bin/bash: arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc: command not found

Check your arm tool chain if it is for 64-bit or not, you can use this command:

file <arm-tool-chain>/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc

If it is not showing elf 64 bit then it won't work. Change the arm tool chain 32 bit to 64 bit.


Keeping menus clean when using both KDE and Gnome

Check this out:
For Gnome: http://linux-apps.com/content/show.php/Gnome+Menu+Extended+%28Debian+Package%29?content=73515
For KDE: http://kde-apps.org/content/show.php?content=31031


Prevent a Workstation Screen from dimming

Open the dash and search for power:

Open the "Power" option.

Pick the following options:

That should do it.


How can I get rid of Shopping Assistant AdWare on my firefox?

Problems of this kind are best met with harsh methods.

Close firefox completely, check this with

pgrep firefox

Delete your personal firefox folder.

(pgrep firefox && rm -r ~/mozilla/firefox) || echo "Firefox still running"


Program to monitor GPU temp/usage for AMD cards?

AMD Catalyst

With the AMD catalyst/fglrx drivers is the aticonfig: http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Aticonfighelp

  ATI Overdrive (TM) options:

  The following options are used to get
  and set current and peak, core  and memory clock information as well
  as read the current temperature of  adapters...


Connecting by default to Logitech K810 Bluetooth Keyboard Ubuntu 15.10

Yes, you can do the same in 15.10 but I have no way to test it.

Get vendor & product id's from:

lsusb

Then change /lib/udev/rules.d/97-hid2hci.rules (It has been renamed as it seems)


Scale down image such that it fills a square of 100x100

Try this:

for i in $(ls *.jpg); do convert -resize 100x100^ -gravity center -crop 100x100+0+0 $i th-$i; done

You can find more examples of resizing and scaling here, "
Resizing to Fill a Given Space" seems to be most relevant to your problem.


Reinstalling unity-control-center should fix the problem.

Reinstall it by executing following command in terminal

sudo apt-get remove unity-control-center
sudo apt-get install unity-control-center


Executables, that includes your scripts if they are set as "executable" (File - Properties - Permissions tab), can be executed from any directory just by typing their name, provided they reside in a folder included in the PATH environmental variable.
THE PROBLEMS
There are two reasons why it may not work for you:
1. You are specifying a path
As soon as you indicate a path, e.g. ./, you are telling the system to look for a file in a specific location. ./ means "look in the current directory for the file".
As soon as you call sh or bash, you are calling a different executable. What comes after that, is an argument to that command, in this case the reference to the script you want to run. If you do not provide a path, the script will be looked for in the current directory only.
2. You are not persistently changing the PATH
export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/directory/ will export the new PATH in the environment of your current shell and subshells only. You are not updating your path for any other terminals you open.
THE SOLUTION
1. Persistently set up your path
To persistently change an environment variable
˃ For your user only
Include the command in .profile. This file is a hidden file in your home directory.
⟼ Yet better!: Ubuntu is automatically set up to include a folder ~/bin and/or .local/bin in your path if either of these folders exist. So, rather than setting up a custom path, just create one of these folders and put your scripts there! You need to close and reopen the terminal for the new path to take effect.
˃ System wide
Change PATH defined in /etc/environment. You need administrator privileges to edit that file.
⟼ Yet better!: Ubuntu automatically includes the /usr/local/bin directory in your path. So, rather than setting up a custom path, just put your scripts there! You need root privileges for that.
2. Just type the file name of the script to execute it.
Do add nothing before the file name. Type the file name exactly as is (case matters). In that context, I find it much easier to remove the .sh extension.


Have you tried updating your pc?
press alt+ctrl+F3 and login do sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
Also have you downloaded the drivers if not that might also be the problem.


/usr/bin/ruby is usually a link to /etc/alternatives/ruby, which in turn links to the executable of the default ruby version (e. g. /usr/bin/ruby1.9). You can change the configured default version with:

sudo update-alternatives --config ruby

If the desired version did not set up itself as alternative for ruby (e. g. if it isn't set up by the package manager), you can do it yourself with

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/ruby ruby /path/to/ruby2.1 <PRIORITY>

where <PRIORITY> is a positive integer. Then you can perform the first step.

For details see the manual of update-alternatives(8).


Ubuntu 16.04 support past 2021 into 2024

Extended Security Maintenance for Ubuntu 16.04
First priority when retaining Ubuntu 16.04 is security. This means signing up for Ubuntu Advantage (UA) client and installing ESM.
The Ubuntu discourse page for information on installing Ubuntu ESM is https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/ubuntu-advantage-client/21788. the page directed me to https://ubuntu.com/advantage where I completed the registration process and ended up with a free token.
Back on https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/ubuntu-advantage-client/21788 I continued with Installing the UA client by running a couple of commands as instructed. Next I proceeded to Attach the UA client. I ran the line I got when registering sudo ua attach [TOKEN_ID], (Please use your own free token).
Running sudo ua status I confirmed that ESM was enabled.
I completed the upgrade by running sudo apt update and then sudo apt upgrade. The installer ran for quite a while.
I ran Software Updater and It installed quite a few security updates.
All Settings/Overview tells me System Up-To-Date.


My recommendation is to enter Synaptic and install HPLIP and XSANE. With those packages installed you'll have full performance of your printing/scanning device.


Is there a way to use Xfce integration features with unity?

It seems that Unity has a cumbersome way of displaying app activity in the notification area, whereas by default it doesn't include all apps. See How do I access and enable more icons to be in the system tray?.


How to download website offline with authenticated username and password?

Read man wget, especially the part that says:

 --user=user
 --password=password
     Specify the username user and password password for both FTP and HTTP file retrieval.  These parameters can be
     overridden using the --ftp-user and --ftp-password options for FTP connections and the --http-user and --http-password
     options for HTTP connections.

Read about all the wget options. Would this help?:

--metalink-over-http
     Issues HTTP HEAD request instead of GET and extracts Metalink metadata from response headers. Then it switches to
     Metalink download.  If no valid Metalink metadata is found, it falls back to ordinary HTTP download.


Switched from Windows to Ubuntu and can't access files on previous "D:" drive

It seems when I installed ubuntu and tried to mount hdd it somehow deleted its filesystem file and I couldn't restore it even in Windows. Partition was RAW file and I recovered some of files from it but couldn't get images sadly :( . Luckily I had onedrive backup. Thank you guys for help!


There is no build for xenial as you can seen in

http://ppa.launchpad.net/doctormo/wacom-plus/ubuntu/dists/

Or in details view https://launchpad.net/~doctormo/+archive/ubuntu/wacom-plus/+packages
The quickest option that may work:

Open software-properties-gtk
Go to other softwares tab and edit that ppa from xenial to wily

If you got it working, you may do a favor for other user. You can create your own PPA in less then 10min, following this answer Can I get a package from a ppa that my distro doesn't support?

If it didn't work, it needed some modification. I would recommend building it locally.


Setting up wireless (WPA2) on ubuntu server 14.04

Please, execute the steps below. You will need root privileges to run some of them, so use "sudo", for example, whenever required.

If your wireless interface is down, run:

ifconfig wlan0 up

Then, execute:

wpa_passphrase <ssid> > <filename>

Where ssid is your network's SSID and filename is the name of a file where the key is going to be stored ("wlan.conf" could be a name).
You will be immediatly prompted to type the "wifi" PASSWORD. Do so.

Then, execute:

wpa_supplicant -Dwext -i wlan0 -c <filename> -B

Finally, ask for an IP address:

dhclient -r
dhclient wlan0

And you're ready.


How to add user level environment variables to be used by GUI application?

At EnvironmentVariables, ~/.pam_environment and ~/.profile are mentioned as suitable files in Ubuntu. Personally I prefer ~/.profile since it's a script file.


"ImportError: No module named pkg_resources" for Ubuntu 16.04 when installing ethereumjs. How can I fix this?

Your version of Node.js is too old. As you can see from the error log, your version of Node.js is 4.2.6 but ethereum-testrpc "requires at least Node 6.9.1 to run" as stated in https://github.com/ethereumjs/testrpc. For installing Node.js >= 6.x, see the instructions for Ubuntu at https://nodejs.org/en/download/package-manager/#debian-and-ubuntu-based-linux-distributions, which I reproduce verbatim below:

Node.js 6.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_6.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

Node.js 8.x

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_8.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs


How do I set an alias to a terminal line?

You do this the same way you would set any alias.

alias git-go='git commit -m "init "; git push; git status'

The situation where it gets tricky is not when an alias runs a command and passes arguments to that command, nor even when an alias runs multiple commands separated by ;, but instead is when you want an alias to accept and use its own command-line arguments.

For example, anything you write after the name of that alias will be pasted onto the end, and thus passed as command-line arguments to the third git command, after git status. (Really it's not so much that the following text is pasted onto the end, as much as it is that the following text is left alone and the alias name is replaced with its definition.)

So you can run your alias without arguments, which works, and the last command is git status:

git-go

Or you can run it with arguments that you want passed to git status. For example, when you run it this way, the last command is git-status --show-stash:

git-go --show-stash

What you cannot do with an alias in Bash (and other Bourne-style shells) is to make the alias accept command-line arguments and place them elsewhere than the end.

For example, suppose you wanted git-go to accept an argument that it uses for the commit message. You would not be able to write this as an alias. The solution would be to write it as a shell function instead:

git-go() { git commit -m "$1"; git push; git status; }

In the definition of a shell function, the positional parameters $1, $2, and so forth hold the values of the command-line arguments passed to the shell function. Aliases have no functionality that corresponds to this, because alias expansion is really a form of macro processing, taking place very early, when the shell parses a command.

You can, of course, write it as a shell function even if you don't need to use positional parameters in the definition, as Videonauth suggests.


The problem was I was trying to use UDP on port 443 and it didn't work. Switched to port 53 (DNS) and it works ok.