I came up with a solution of sorts. I made this edit to /lib/systemd/system/ufw.service:
$ diff -u ufw.service.orig ufw.service
--- ufw.service.orig    2018-05-26 13:45:48.696356561 +0100
+++ ufw.service 2018-05-26 13:46:04.443673265 +0100
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Description=Uncomplicated firewall
 Documentation=man:ufw(8)
 DefaultDependencies=no
-Before=network.target
+After=network.target

 [Service]
 Type=oneshot

So, this causes ufw to start after the network is up instead of before it. This seems to do the trick - ufw is always enabled after I boot. I don't know if this is the best way to do things. I worry that there is a small window of time between the network starting and the firewall starting... but at least it starts which is better than before!
Maybe someone can come up with a better solution. Or maybe this is the correct way to do things - in which case is it a bug that it defaults to starting before the network?
Edit:
An even better solution is:
$ diff -u ufw.service.orig ufw.service
--- ufw.service.orig    2018-05-26 13:45:48.696356561 +0100
+++ ufw.service 2018-05-26 14:17:22.030681670 +0100
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Description=Uncomplicated firewall
 Documentation=man:ufw(8)
 DefaultDependencies=no
-Before=network.target
+After=network-pre.target

 [Service]
 Type=oneshot

According to this page
https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/NetworkTarget/
the network-pre.target has this purpose:

Its primary purpose is for usage with firewall services that want to establish a firewall before any network interface is up.

Which really makes me wonder why it wasn't set to this by default. Setting it to this value seems to solve all my problems.


Cleaning up the whole trace of one's activity on ubuntu

Delete all files in your user's home folder. Don't forget the hidden ones.
Use

find / -user you_user_name

to see if there are any other files belonging to your user and possibly remove them.
If you can use sudo: Check the log files in /var/log/ and maybe delete them.


You have an error in your user settings file
If you do a
rm -rf .openshot

from your users home it will remove all user settings and recreate default versions.
Do check if there is anything you want to preserve. Or make a backup with
tar cvfz openshot_backup.gz .openshot


Ingore lines with a specific word with diff

diff can do this with the -I option:

diff -w -I CET file1 file2


Lost unity taskbars and window frames after upgrading from 12.04 LTS on a Dell Precision m4600 nVidia

Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the commands below.

sudo apt-get autoremove fglrx --purge

then

sudo reboot


You linker can't find the OpenCL library.

You should help the linker to find the OpenCL library.

Similar issue was raised here

The solution there was to make a link for the library to a known lib location:

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libOpenCL.so.1 /usr/lib/libOpenCL.so

Another option:

Assuming that OpenCL library located in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ you can also add the library folder to the Libraries path:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/"

You may need to update the "Dynamic Linker":

sudo ldconfig


First of all Ubuntu is not Windows. Furthermore the speed of the fan is determined by a hardware sensor that detects the temperature and protects against overheating. I've written more detailed in this answer. So if the fan is running faster on Ubuntu then it is apprently necessary. You can't really influence the speed of the fan and you probably shouldn't do it either. According to a few claims there seems to be a relation with alleged faulty drivers but this remains largely unclear.


How can I install Hubstaff when I double click it a gedit window will open?

Copy it to your home folder.

Run these two commands.

chmod +x Hubstaff-1.2.1-79428cc.sh
./Hubstaff-1.2.1-79428cc.sh


Regex for fail2ban config file to match pregreet lines in mail.log

The correct regex is:

prefregex = ^%(__prefix_line)s<mdpr-<mode>> <F-CONTENT>.+</F-CONTENT>$
mdpr-normal = (?:PREGREET|NOQUEUE: reject:|improper command pipelining after \S+)
mdre-normal = mdre-normal = ^RCPT from [^[]*\[<HOST>\]%(_port)s: 55[04] 5\.7\.1\s
              ^RCPT from [^[]*\[<HOST>\]%(_port)s: 45[04] 4\.7\.1 (?:Service unavailable\b|Client host rejected: cannot find your (reverse )?hostname\b)
              ^RCPT from [^[]*\[<HOST>\]%(_port)s: 450 4\.7\.1 (<[^>]*>)?: Helo command rejected: Host not found\b
              ^EHLO from [^[]*\[<HOST>\]%(_port)s: 504 5\.5\.2 (<[^>]*>)?: Helo command rejected: need fully-qualified hostname\b
              ^VRFY from [^[]*\[<HOST>\]%(_port)s: 550 5\.1\.1\s
              ^RCPT from [^[]*\[<HOST>\]%(_port)s: 450 4\.1\.8 (<[^>]*>)?: Sender address rejected: Domain not found\b
              ^from [^[]*\[<HOST>\]%(_port)s:?
              ^NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from \S+\[<HOST>\]: 554 5\.5\.2 .*$
              ^\d{1,3} after \d+(\.\d{1,2})? from [^[]*\[<HOST>\]%(_port)s:?
              ^NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from \S+\[<HOST>\]: 450 4\.7\.1 : Helo command rejected: Host not found; from=<> to=<> proto=ESMTP helo= *$
              ^NOQUEUE: reject: VRFY from \S+\[<HOST>\]: 550 5\.1\.1 .*$
              ^improper command pipelining after \S+ from [^[]*\[<HOST>\]:?$
              ^NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from (.*)\[<HOST>\]: 454 4\.7\.1\.*


In the Ubuntu One faqs indicates 5TB.
For detailed status of service report you can wacth this page:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuOne/Status

Informations from:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuOne/FAQ/WhatIsTheLargestSizeFileICanSync


Running minikube on ubuntu in virtualbox

The issue that you're facing is that Minikube cannot run on a nested virtual machine. As you've installed the Minikube VM on an Ubuntu VM, running inside VirtualBox on Windows, your VM is nested.

This is a feature that may be developed in future, but until then you'll need a physical installation of Ubuntu to use Minikube.

More details can be found here and here.


How to Filter Websites on Local Computer?

If you want to block porn on a single computer, PeerGuardian should suit your needs. Just install the software, and add the Porn blocklist.

Installation: http://sourceforge.net/p/peerguardian/wiki/pgl-Install-DebianUbuntu/

Blocklists: https://www.iblocklist.com/lists


You can configure notification sounds under System Settings > Notifications.
On the primary tab of the notifications system settings module, you can make adjustments to options that affect all notifications:

Since notification sounds are different depending on the application and the action, you will need to click the "Configure" button next to "Applications:".  This will reveal a list of applications that send notifications to KDE:

Choose the application you want to configure and click "Configure Events...".  This will open a pop-up window for the selected application and allow you to configure notification sounds for events in that application:

Every application has different options depending on how the software sends notifications to KDE.  Some applications might not have any configurable options under "Configure events".  This might be because the application doesn't send notifications to be handled by KDE.


How do I make a minimal Ubuntu installation?

Try the Ubuntu 'Minimal Installation CD'. It requires a network connection to download packages at installation CD though.


How to set an Alias in bashrc so that System IP can be found using a simple alias command?

The problem is that the (intended awk variable) $NF is being expanded by the shell at alias declaration time, not when called later. So, the alias is being eventually declared as:

alias ipconfig="ip route get 8.8.8.8 | awk '{print}'"

and this will print the whole record obviously.

You need to prevent the premature expansion by any usual escaping mechanism, here i'm using backslash -- \:

$ alias ipconfig="ip route get 8.8.8.8 | awk '{print \$NF}'"

$ ipconfig
192.168.2.6

Or if your feel advantageous, you can play with the ugly single quote hacks:

$ alias ipconfig='ip route get 8.8.8.8 | awk '\''{print $NF}'\'''

$ ipconfig
192.168.2.6

As a side note, you should only alias when making simple substitutions, for any complex cases, you should really look at leveraging functions, they are far more readable and reliable. For example, this one could simply take the following form (forget about quoting and other hacks):

$ ipconfig() { ip route get 8.8.8.8 | awk '{print $NF}' ;}

$ ipconfig
192.168.2.6


Ubuntu 14.04 seems to have failed to upgrade from 12.04

I am no expert, but if you used Wubi, I think your Ubuntu might have been running as a Windows program. Do you remember how you installed Ubuntu the first time? There are some simple commands to fix the Windows boot if you have a Windows recovery disk. Here is the Microsoft page that explains bootrec.

I have used it before and it worked quite well. If you get Windows running again, you might want to use system restore if you have a recently saved restore point. I don't know if you can upgrade an installation of Ubuntu that runs under Windows. I would remove Ubuntu from Windows using Windows' install/remove programs and then do a fresh dual boot installation or use the later version of Ubuntu to do a new side by side installation if you can save all your documents before you delete Ubuntu.


No such way in Gimp. Many of the raw-processing tools (RawTherapee and others[1]) will:

Edit JPEG (despite their name)
Save the editing as a receipt/sidecar
Have some way to apply the receipts in batch to other files.

Of course, these tools are for "technical" editing (color, contrast, distortion...) and on't have any "artistic" filter.

[1] And IIRC, even Canon's DPP...


What codecs does Ubuntu support by default?

The preferred list is:

Ogg Vorbis, Ogg Theora, WebM

To print a list of all installed codecs use

dpkg --get-selections  | awk '{print $1}' | grep -iR codec; export number=`dpkg --get-selections  | awk '{print $1}' | grep -iR codec | wc -l`; echo; echo "$number codecs installed."; echo

For additional information see

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FreeFormats


Brightness Problem Gradually Changing At Every Restart

Run this command:

gksu gedit /etc/default/grub

Change the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" into GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi_osi=Linux".

Save the file and quit the text editor.
Then run: sudo update-grub
Restart.


My guess is that you would need to remove (purge) wine from the ubuntu repositories and download wine from winehq

You could try the ubuntu-wine ppa

https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-wine/+archive/ppa

See How do I correctly remove items from Wine Programs menu?

For your other items, you would need to file a bug report against wine on launchpad.


How can I customize the Ubuntu boot up logo?

Install Theme

I have created theme as you wanted with a faded Ubuntu logo (moreover I have added an animation of the Ubuntu logo. Hope you'd like it :-P )

Screenshot

Want to see it live?

Go to http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zPo50gM3txU

Where can you get this theme?

I have uploaded it to Mediafire cloud here.

How do you install it?

Download from the above link, save it on your Desktop, then issue these commands one by one.
Please replace /lib/plymouth/themes with /usr/share/plymouth/themes in the commands, if you are on 16.04 or later.

cd ~/Desktop/
tar -xf ubuntufaded.tar
sudo cp -r ubuntu-faded-screen '/lib/plymouth/themes'
sudo rm '/lib/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth'
sudo ln -s '/lib/plymouth/themes/ubuntu-faded-screen/ubuntu-faded-screen.plymouth' '/lib/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth'
sudo update-initramfs -u

How to check it?

Restart Ubuntu and you'll see a nice animation while booting up and
shutting down. OR
Copy the whole command below and paste it into a terminal and hit enter. (You will probably need to install a package: sudo apt-get install plymouth-x11)

sudo plymouthd --debug --debug-file=/tmp/plymouth-debug-out ; sudo  plymouth --show-splash ; for ((I=0;I<10;I++)); do sleep 1 ; sudo  plymouth --update=event$I ; done ; sudo  plymouth --quit

How to create a Plymouth theme yourself

Plymouth Scripting Language is very similar to C or JavaScript. If you know these languages, it'll be very easy to create Plymouth scripts yourself.

Let's start with basics like operators, looping, comments, etc. Three type of comments are supported.

# comment like in bash
// single line comment like in C
/* block comments */

Statements are terminated with a semicolon, e.g.

foo = 10;

Statement blocks can be created with curly brackets, e.g.

{
    foo = 10;
    z = foo + foo;
}

The supported operators are +, -, *, /, %.
Shorthand assignment operators are also supported +=, -=, *=, etc.
Unary operators are also supported, e.g.

foo *= ++z;

+ is used for concatenation e.g.

foo = "Jun" + 7; # here foo is "Jun7"

Comparison operator example:

x = (3 >= 1); # assign 1 to x because it's true
y = ("foo" == "bar"); # assign 0 to y because it's false

Conditional operations and looping:

if (foo > 4)
{
    foo--;
    z = 1;
}
else
    z = 0;

while (foo--)
    z *= foo;

&&, ||, ! are also supported.

if ( foo > 0 && foo <4 )

This may be new to many readers: hashes, similar to arrays. Hashes can be created by accessing their contents using dot or [ ] brackets, e.g.

foo.a = 5;
x = foo["a"] ; # x equals to 5

Use the fun keyword to define function, e.g.

fun animator (param1, param2, param3)
{
    if (param1 == param2)
        return param2;
    else
        return param3;
}

The two basic Plymouth objects

Image

To create a new Image, give the filename of an image within the theme directory to Image(). Remember, only .png files are supported. For example:

background = Image ("black.png");

To show a text message you must create an Image of the text. (This might surprise you.) For example:

text_message_image = Image.Text("I love Ubuntu");

Width and height can be found using GetWidth() and GetHeight(); for example:

image_area = background.GetWidth() * background.GetHeight();

One can rotate or change the size of an Image; for example:

down_image = logo_image.Rotate (3.1415); # Image can be Rotated. Parameter to Rotate is the angle in radians
fat_image = background.Scale ( background.GetWidth() * 4 , background.GetHeight () ) # make the image four times the width

Sprite

Use Sprite to place an Image on screen.

Creating a Sprite:

first_sprite = Sprite ();
first_sprite.SetImage (background);

Or by supplying image to its constructor,

first_sprite = Sprite (background);

How to set different the sprite to different positions on screen (x,y,z):

first_sprite.SetX (300); # put at x=300
first_sprite.SetY (200); # put at y=200
background.SetZ(-20);
foreground.SetZ(50);

Or you can set all at once with SetPosition():

first_sprite.Setposition(300, 200, 50) # put at x=300, y=200, z=50

Changing opacity:

faded_sprite.SetOpacity (0.3);
invisible_sprite.SetOpacity (0);

Some miscellaneous methods used are:

Window.GetWidth();
Window.GetHeight();
Window.SetBackgroundTopColor (0.5, 0, 0); # RGB values between 0 to 1.
Window.SetBackgroundBottomColor (0.4, 0.3, 0.6);
Plymouth.GetMode(); #  returns a string of one of: "boot", "shutdown", "suspend", "resume" or unknown.
etc.

Predefined Functions

Plymouth.SetRefreshFunction (function); # Calling Plymouth.SetRefreshFunction with a function will set that function to be called up to 50 times every second
Plymouth.SetBootProgressFunction(); # function is called with two numbers, time spent booting so far and the progress (between 0 and 1)
Plymouth.SetRootMountedFunction(); # function is called when a new root is mounted
Plymouth.SetKeyboardInputFunction(); # function is called with a string containing a new character entered on the keyboard
Plymouth.SetUpdateStatusFunction(); # function is called with the new boot status string
Plymouth.SetDisplayPasswordFunction(); # function is called when the display should display a password dialogue. First param is prompt string, the second is the number of bullets.
Plymouth.SetDisplayQuestionFunction(); # function is called when the display should display a question dialogue. First param is prompt string, the second is the entry contents.
Plymouth.SetDisplayNormalFunction(); # function is called when the display should return to normal
Plymouth.SetMessageFunction(); # function is called when new message should be displayed. First arg is message to display.

Mathematical Functions

Math.Abs()
Math.Min()
Math.Pi()
Math.Cos()
Math.Random()
Math.Int()
etc.

It is better to modify an existing script than to start from scratch.

Open up .script file from my uploaded theme and try to understand what it does. A fantastic guide can be found  here.

I'm sure you'll learn this. It isn't hard. Let me know if you need any help.

Hope it'd help you create one yourself.

Answer to Roshan George's Comment :
Is it possible to replace the purple colour with an image as background in the default Plymouth theme names "ubuntu-logo" ?

background = Image ("your-image.png");
sprite = Sprite (background.Scale (Window.GetWidth(), Window.GetHeight()));
sprite.SetX (0); # put at x=0
sprite.SetY (0); # put at y=0

You might need to add sprite.SetZ (-10);

You should remove

Window.SetBackgroundTopColor (p, q, r);
Window.SetBackgroundBottomColor (a, b, c);

where p, q, r, a, b, c are some values.

More links

https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/Plymouth/
https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/Plymouth/Scripts/
https://www.khattam.info/plymouth-preview-a-tool-to-preview-your-plymouth-theme-2010-11-19.html
http://brej.org/blog/?p=158


Pressing print screen results in a completely white screenshot?

I'm also having this problem, and there seems to be several other (unsolved) threads in various places about this affecting 13.4.

Many also have problems with shutter, suggesting this might be a deeper bug?
One workaround that does work for me is the imagemagick import command:

apt-get install imagemagick
import path/to/savehere.png

(then click the window you want to capture)


Does Ubuntu recognize and use my AMD dedicated GPU?

This is not really a reply, and shouldn't be upvoted.  I see two things here. You have an APU and a dGPU (Discrete GPU).  That's rather important, because it means you have two graphics "cards", of which one is on-chip.

According to the product page at AMD, the A6-7310, features a R4 series Radeon (unspecified).  I have the impression that this is supposed to be equivalent of the NVidia Optimus technology, which gives you a discrete NVida card for high-performance use, and the Integrated Intel for normal desktop use.  The idea is to save battery by turning off/not using the discrete card, when it's not in use.  The NVidia technology is supported lacklusterly, but it does work (I happen to have a Dell XPS L502x which has this feature.  Since 14.04 it's become usable)

I have no experience with this on AMD, but it might help you finding further information.  What I'd do for starters, is see whether both cards are detected: lspci | grep VGA.  This should show you two entries.

Also, try checking what "System Settings" -> "Details" tells you about your systems graphics.  Normally it should show you the one it's currently using.

You might also want to install "mesa-utils" and launch "glxinfo" to get more information about what is actually being used.


You can check this article on How to change Ubuntu login screen.


There are several extensions for Chrome that block popups. Poper Blocker popup blocker for Chrome is one of them. Also refer to How to prevent users from installing extensions in Google Chrome without admin privilege?.


How do I install packages to an 8.10 system?

The repositories for v8.10 of ubuntu have been moved. There are repositories available at http://old-releases.ubuntu.com

The reason for this is that it is now out of support and no longer receiving updates and security patches.

I would urge you to consider a supported distribution such as 10.04 or later.  If your computer is too old in terms of memory or processor then you should consider a distribution such as Lubuntu or Xubuntu.

If you want to continue using 8.10 then using your favourite text edit, edit /etc/apt/sources.list

Look for the text archive.ubuntu.com.  It will look like, for example, us.archive.ubuntu.com

Replace us.archive.ubuntu.com with old-releases.ubuntu.com

Similarly - if you have text, for example, security.ubuntu.com then replace this with old-releases.ubuntu.com

You can do this with sed

sudo sed -i -e 's/us.archive.ubuntu.com/old-releases.ubuntu.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo sed -i -e 's/security.ubuntu.com/old-releases.ubuntu.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

then update with

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


16.04 - Network Menu gone and clicking Connect does nothing

Although I personally never had this problem, I did a little digging and the closest I could find is this.
Here is the gist of the solution
The smarter way to save the security key, along with other settings is to do it via Network Manager settings (nm-applet menu > Edit Connections > Wireless tab > double-click your connection > Security tab). That is the frontend to handle those key files.
Assuming something might have broken in Network Manager installation while upgrading, you may try to completely purge it, then re-install it. To download the packages in advance (since you'll lost internet connection as soon as you purge it) -
sudo apt-get install -d --reinstall network-manager network-manager-gnome

Then to purge it -
sudo apt-get purge network-manager-gnome network-manager

To reinstall it (I suggest a reboot in-between) from the downloaded packages, simply -
sudo apt-get install network-manager-gnome


LVM & LUKS manual partitioned but issues with loader/init/grub

I found a way to setup LUKS and LVM while manually partitioning! I tested this on Ubuntu 16.04.2

Boot Ubuntu from a Live OS and select the option to try Ubuntu without installing. Follow the steps I've outlined below.

Partition the drive with your tool of choice: I used fdisk to set mine  up on an msdos partition table as follows :

sda1: /boot (1G)
sda2: LUKS partition (the rest of the disk)

Setup LUKS

sudo cryptsetup luksFormat --hash=sha512 --key-size=512 --cipher=aes-xts-plain64 --verify-passphrase /dev/sda2
sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sda2 CryptDisk
While not necessary, it is a good idea to fill your LUKS partition with zeros so that the partition, in an encrypted state, is filled with random data. sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mapper/CryptDisk bs=4M BEWARE, this could take a really long time!

Setup LVM on /dev/mapper/CryptDisk

sudo pvcreate /dev/mapper/CryptDisk
sudo vgcreate vg0 /dev/mapper/CryptDisk
sudo lvcreate -n swap -L 2G vg0
sudo lvcreate -n root -L 10G vg0
sudo lvcreate -n home -l +100%FREE vg0

Now you're ready to install. When you get to the "Installation type" portion of the install, choose the "Something else" option. Then manually assign the /dev/mapper/vg0-* partitions as you would like to have the configured. Don't forget to set /dev/sda1 as /boot. the /boot partition must not be encrypted. If it is, we won't be able to boot. Change the "Device for boot loader installation" to /dev/sda, and continue with installation.
When installation is complete, don't reboot! Choose the option to "Continue Testing".
In a terminal, type the following and look for the UUID of /dev/sda2. Take note of that UUID for later.

sudo blkid
The important line on my machine reads /dev/sda2: UUID="bd3b598d-88fc-476e-92bb-e4363c98f81d" TYPE="crypto_LUKS" PARTUUID="50d86889-02"

Next lets get the newly installed system mounted again so we can make some more changes.

sudo mount /dev/vg0/root /mnt
sudo mount /dev/vg0/home /mnt/home # this is probably not necessary
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
If you have an EFI partition, mount it at /mnt/boot/efi
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev # I'm not entirely sure this is necessary
sudo mount --bind /run/lvm /mnt/run/lvm

Now run sudo chroot /mnt to access the installed system
From the chroot, mount a couple more things

mount -t proc proc /proc
mount -t sysfs sys /sys
mount -t devpts devpts /dev/pts

Setup crypttab. Using your favorite text editor, create the file /etc/crypttab and add the following line, changing out the UUID with the UUID of your disk.

CryptDisk UUID=bd3b598d-88fc-476e-92bb-e4363c98f81d none luks,discard

Lastly, rebuild some boot files.

update-initramfs -k all -c
update-grub

Reboot, and the system should ask for a password to decrypt on boot!

Special thanks go to Martin Eve, EGIDIO DOCILE, and the folks at blog.botux.fr for tutorials they posted. By pulling pieces from their posts and doing a little extra trouble shooting, I was finally able to figure this out.

I tried this a number of times and failed over and over. The bit that I had to work out for myself based on error messages was sudo mount --bind /run/lvm /mnt/run/lvm


Failed to fetch -- apt-get update, “Temporary failure resolving …” & unable to locate package ERROR

This issue is because Apt is unable to connect to the website you listed as the upstream Apt repository that you are installing packages from.  This issue is on your end, unless the upstream you are using is having a REALLY bad day.
Does the VM have internet access? If you run "ping google.com", what do you get?
If there is internet, check your /etc/apt/sources.list file, to ensure that the internet domains named as sources are valid.  See man sources.list for details on the format, but the second word (after 'deb') must be a valid URL.


recoll query history doesn´t seem to work

Note that in addition to the prefs\historysize setting,
if you have recoll version 1.26.0 or later
this can also be changed with the GUI
by going to "Preferences" -> "GUI configuration"
and setting "Maximum size of search history" to -1.

This feature was added October 4, 2019.


Google keyboard on Ubuntu Linux to achieve voice typing

There are many alternatives like Dragonfly.


Black screen after log-in on 13.04! I dont see an answer to me problem!

Try reinstalling Ubuntu. Just use the flash drive to install it again. Make sure you select the option to erase any other operating system to that it's a clean install.


How can I repair an install that has been crossed with Mint Lisa?

Please backup your current sources.list file by

 sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
 sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list.d /etc/apt/sources.list.d.backup

Do a fresh addition of Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot) Repository to Sources.list by generating it from here .

Copy the contents of above generated list to sources.list by replacing it's former contents.

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

save and close it .

Then do sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade.

P.S. : I can't confirm if it works , but as stated above if it worked for LISA it could work here.


Why I can't insert a picture into database?

Standard MySQL in Ubuntu runs with secure_file_priv enabled, which means that you can't just load from (and write to) any file on your system: the file must reside in a particular directory. You can verify that this is the case using this command:

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE "secure_file_priv"

You can either turn this setting off (which is a security exposure) or find a way to move your pictures into this directory.


How to revert an 'apt-get remove' action after pressing CTRL+Z

Actually...

CTRL+Z will suspend the process.

CTRL+c will kill the process.

Note that suspending a process will send it to the background until you call it again. Since it is suspended you can run another program. It will "look" like is gone but is not. It will actually tell you the Process ID that has been assigned to it before going to the background.

To know which processes are running on the background we use the jobs command, which would show all background running processes on the opened terminal with their respective background number.

To call the process again (Actually to continue the process where you left it) type fg.

fg means ForeGround. To bring to foreground from background if you want to have an idea of it. If you happen to have other suspended process, you can go to them by doing fg 1 for process 1, fg 2 for process 2 and so on.

Know that if you send a process to the background using CTRL+Z you will send the process to the background but it will be stopped. To make it run again, simply run bg followed by the background ID job for that process, like bg 2 for job 2 in the background.

The difference when applied to apt-get (Or aptitude or any other package manager) is that the lock files will not get erased when doing a remove/upgrade/install or that the repo file might get corrupted.

You will need to literally remove the files with rm.

Before removing anything try what the package manager suggests, in that case:

sudo dpkg --configure -a or sudo dpkg-reconfigure -a in case you did an upgrade. In most cases (in ALL cases for me) I had to first delete the lock files as followed:

sudo rm -fr /var/cache/apt/archives/lock
sudo rm -fr /var/lib/dpkg/lock

If by chance you want to remove the process (if it is still active) you can either look it up by using ps -e and finding the PID numer, then using kill -9 PID where PID is the number you found or issuing sudo killall NAME_OF_PROCESS

Alternative you can also do:

sudo fuser -cuk /var/lib/dpkg/lock
sudo fuser -cuk /var/cache/apt/archives/lock
sudo rm -fr /var/cache/apt/archives/lock
sudo rm -fr /var/lib/dpkg/lock

After all of this you can either use the commands recommended by the app as I mentioned in the beginning or simply try to reinstall the package you mistakenly removed. I also recommend doing an sudo apt-get update just to make sure everything is correct.

Note that if the package removed all of those other packages, try first to install said package. For example if you did:

sudo apt-get remove unity by mistake, then first try to do the steps I mentioned and then install that precise package again:

sudo apt-get install unity.

If by chance it did not get uninstall then do:

sudo -apt-get install --reinstall unity


How do I list all available shell builtin commands?

You can use compgen -b from a bash shell to get a list of the shell's builtin commands.


Lenovo g500 on ubuntu, battery won't charge over 59%

Go to your BIOS and change it there.
upgrade your BIOS
If the BIOS doesn't allow you to upgrade, do it the hard way:

make print screens (if you have a parallel printer) or write down your settings on a piece of paper,
reset the BIOS to default factory settings,
reboot. Shut down the power while in the BIOS splash
press the power button again to start
Set the BIOS settings you need from your piece of paper
continue booting normally


sudo chown -R -v $USER:$USER path/

if you are using -R --recursive then you do not need to add a bunch of paths just make sure that you are in the correct working path.
the $USER is the varible for the username  that one is using.


Not an answer, just too long to answer edwin's request;
I have the same problem, tried installing via terminal, only Thunderbird shows up when I search for gmail in dash. My output is;

com.canonical.unity.webapps allowed-domains @as []
com.canonical.unity.webapps dontask-domains @as []
com.canonical.unity.webapps index-update-time 43200
com.canonical.unity.webapps integration-allowed true
com.canonical.unity.webapps preauthorized-domains ['amazon.ca',
'amazon.cn', 'amazon.com', 'amazon.co.uk', 'amazon.de', 'amazon.es',
'amazon.fr', 'amazon.it', 'www.amazon.ca', 'www.amazon.cn',
'www.amazon.com', 'www.amazon.co.uk', 'www.amazon.de',
'www.amazon.es', 'www.amazon.fr', 'www.amazon.it', 'one.ubuntu.com']

When I visit a website I am prompted to install, I click to install and nothing happens. Reload the page and I am prompted again and so on.
Ubuntu 13.04, everything up to date using Chromium Version 28.0.1500.52 Ubuntu 13.04 (28.0.1500.52-0ubuntu1.13.04.3)


How do I get my paired Bluetooth device to work properly and show up in Sound Settings as a profile?

This appears to be a regression in 12.04. If you visit the launchpad page linked below and both subscribe for updates to the bug and mark it as affecting you, you can help increase its priority.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pulseaudio/+bug/972063


Blank screen at login. Intel intergrated graphics, ubuntu 12.04

fn + [your display for projector, example F3 for leno]


The extended regular expression _login[^ ][^@]+\s should do it.

That is the literal string _login followed by a character which is not a space, followed by at least one character which is not @, followed by a whitespace character.


"/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lX11" building Firefox OS?

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lX11

This means that you are missing the Xserver development libraries. You can install most of them using:
sudo apt-get install xorg-dev

It's also said in the guide:

Requirements for Linux
To build on Linux, you'll need:
[big sip]
X11 headers


Does your CPU support KVM ? What is the output of:

egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo

0 = that your CPU doesn't support hardware virtualization.

1, or more, your CPU supports hardware virtualization, but you still need to make sure that virtualization is enabled in the BIOS.

Please update your question to indicate the output of those commands, what CPU you have, and what manufacturer (so we might be able to help with bios).

Update: Fixed my typo and I see you updated your question as well. The output ( 0 ) indicates you do not have the hardware for KVM (sorry), I would suggest you try Virtualbox.

If you run kvm without the hardware capabilities, it will fall back to qemu, which will be slower then Virtualbox.

The error message you posted suggests the iso is corrupt, 23 Mb for an iso sounds too small, should be closer to 700 mg, try downloading the  iso again.


The Canon Lide 210 scanner appears to be fully supported by SANE.

It should therefore work out of the box with the sane-genesys driver provided by the sane common libraries.


Here is a guide to converting Parallels virtual machines for use on KVM on Linux:

https://vanappdeveloper.com/2013/07/04/converting-parallels-vm-to-linux-kvm/

To summarise, you'll need to open the hdd file on your Mac (with Parallels installed) with "Show package contents", extract the .hds file, and then on Linux you can use Qemu to convert this .hds file from Parallels format to another VM format.  In the case of that guide, to qcow2 format which is a Qemu format.

Relevant part:

  From the command-line, run the following (substituting xxx for the name of your .hds file

sudo qemu-img convert -c -p -f parallels -O qcow2  xxx.hds  myNewVM.qcow2

  This should start the conversion, which in my case took a few hours for a 40 GB  hds file.  Man page details on the qemu-img convert command line options is here.

  Copy or move the newly created qcow2 VM image to the images directory:
  sudo mv myNewVM.qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images


My external HDD was previously formatted in Fat32. However I have lots of big files, some over 4gb (such as virtual HDDs for distros used in Virtual Box). By reformatting the external HDD to EXT4 and trying the backup again it worked perfectly, no errors.


Dual-boot Ubuntu 15.10 on a Toshiba Chromebook 2

I currently have Ubuntu Gnome 15.10 installed on my Toshiba Chromebook 2. The process is to:

Remove write protect on the system board.
Modify the BIOS.
Install Ubuntu in the normal way using a Live USB thumb drive.

See my how-to guide on installing Ubuntu 15.10 on a CB2

I have a more updated guide to show a full dual boot of Ubuntu and Chrome OS


The computers in network 10.216.1.0/24 don't know the route to network 192.168.1.0/24, that's why they can't communicate. You have to set a static route in router2 redirecting 192.168.1.0/24 to 10.216.1.107.

Alternatively, you can masquerade the 192.168.1.0/24 network behind eth2 IP address using iptables:

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth2 -j MASQUERADE

The packages leaving eth2 will have their source IP changed to 10.216.1.107.


Windows 8 doesn't show in GRUB 2, Bootrepair didn't help

Your Windows on sda, uses MBR(msdos) so Windows can only boot in CSM mode. CSM - UEFI Compatibility Support Module (CSM), which emulates a BIOS mode. And Ubuntu is on sdb in UEFI boot mode. UEFI & CSM are not compatible or you have to totally reboot to change from one system to the other and may have to change UEFI settings turning on UEFI or off CSM or vice versa. Better to have all systems in same boot mode.

To restore Windows boot in BIOS mode, you must install a Windows boot loader to the MBR of sda. Your Windows repair flash drive can do that or use Advanced mode in Boot-Repair. And then turn on CSM mode in UEFI to boot Windows.

You can use Boot-Repair to convert Ubuntu 's install  from UEFI to BIOS, but be sure to only install grub to drive that is sdb not all drives like the default autofix in Boot-Repair. To boot in CSM mode you also must turn off secure boot in UEFI.

You do show grub installed to the MBR of sdb for BIOS boot, but fstab still shows mounting of efi partition for UEFI boot updates. So at some point you may have had BIOS boot on sdb?


Grub badly confused; jumps between drives during boot

if you are using Grub2, and all of your OS are installed (no live usb with iso) you can always get Grub Customizer.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

I have Ubuntu 14.04 on my main computer, Ubuntu and mint on my external hard, and mint on a flash drive (all fully installed) and when I connected all of them and then ran grub customizer it detected every single one, no problems.

An alternative solution would be to maybe use plop boot manager or super grub2. They will detect the OS on your computer and run them. Again, super grub2 will not detect live ISO.


Wubi wants AMD64.tar.xz, I have Intel processor

The name of package mentioned here (AMD64) refers to 64 bit version which can be installed in Intel architecture.

Here is what wikipedia says:

  Prior to launch, “x86-64” and “x86_64” were used to refer to the
  instruction set. Upon release, AMD named it AMD64.[3] Intel initially
  used the names IA-32e and EM64T before finally settling on Intel 64
  for their implementation. Some in the industry, including
  Apple[4][5][6], use x86-64 and x86_64, while others, notably Sun
  Microsystems[7] (now Oracle Corporation) and Microsoft,[8] use x64
  while the BSD family of OSs and the Debian[9] Linux distribution use
  AMD64.

Refer this link to know more about the AMD64


Does rkt work on 32-bit systems?

No. rkt does not even have an Ubuntu installation. There are debian installer files for Debian (rkt is in "sid" repo) so it might work on a 64-bit system. But 32? No.

1 thing that might make this possible: if the processor has a 64-bit architecture and supports hardware virtualization technologies such as "Intel VT-x"
or "AMD-V" you can install a 64-bit virtual machine and install Ubuntu 64-bit in there, and then install rkt.


Touchpad not working in Ubuntu 16.04.3 on Lenovo Ideapad 330

I fixed this problem on a lubuntu 18.04 just doing a upgrade:

sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade


Solved: I just needed to install python3-xlib:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python3-xlib

(Big thanks to Sethos II above!!)


libgcc-s1 breaks gcc-9 on Ubuntu 18.04 arm64

I have the same issue installing openjdk13 :

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 openjdk-13-jre-headless : Depends: libgcc-s1 (>= 4.0) but it is not installable

I have to install gcc-10-base and libgcc-s1 from URLs in my Dockerfile before installing openjdk :

RUN curl -sLO http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/pool/main/g/gcc-10/gcc-10-base_10-20200418-1_amd64.deb && dpkg -i gcc-10-base_10-20200418-1_amd64.deb
RUN curl -sLO http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/pool/main/g/gcc-10/libgcc-s1_10-20200418-1_amd64.deb && dpkg -i libgcc-s1_10-20200418-1_amd64.deb


Netflix doesn't work since installing Ubuntu 18.04

In order to watch netflix with firefox under Ubuntu 18.04, you need to make sure that you have DRM enabled in your firefox settings (Go to settings, scroll down, check play drm-controlled content). Also make sure you have the libavcodec-extra package (from the universe repository) installed. In order to install libavcodec-extra you should have the universe repository enabled:

sudo add-apt-repository universe

Then install the libavcodec-extra package:

sudo apt install libavcodec-extra


No updates from the 11.04 natty repositories since 30th of April?

There have been updates, ensure that these checkboxes are checked in your Software Sources:


Bootable "live" partition on 1TB External HDD

Especially since you have the space for it, I would highly recommend doing a normal installation of Ubuntu (following the same steps you would for an install to an internal disk, but selecting the external instead) rather than a persistant live install. Among other things, a "persistant" live installation cannot be properly upgraded.

That said, a persistant live install obviously shouldn't be giving you a blinking cursor at boot, but I do still think that doing a normal install will fix this because a normal installation will be using grub rather than syslinux as the bootloader.

If after doing a normal install to the USB drive you still get the same problem, or if you really for some reason do want to stick with a persistant Live install, please run boot info script http://bootinfoscript.sourceforge.net/ and post the RESULTS.txt which it produces.


What is the difference between installing Virtualbox with or without third-party repository

I don't know about any PPA containing VirtualBox. Neither of ways mentioned in the question get any PPA involved.

You have two options:

Install Virtualbox from Ubuntu repositories.
Download a deb file from https://www.virtualbox.org/.

Currently there is not much difference which one to install, because both ways will install the 6.1.6 version.

It doesn't make sense to add the source manually, because installing deb with dpkg will do it for you.

The difference is from where you will receive updates. In the first case you'll get them from Ubuntu repositories, that may get updates with delays or stop updating at some point.

In the second case, an update source from virtualbox will be set up.

But if you are using an older Ubuntu release, or later with the 20.04 the difference will be with VirtualBox version. Ubuntu maintainers won't switch for a new major version. And if you want the latest VirtualBox release, installing it from a deb will be the only option.

Regarding that virtualbox doesn't have a focal deb and the repo, it should be updated soon. In this case I recommend to install from Ubuntu repos for now. You can switch later, if the repos won't properly get updates.


Lubuntu: apt-get gives errors such as "keysafe: package not found"?

This appears to be a known problem and an unconfirmed bug caused by something in the Lubuntu Software Center (LSC) database, and possibly a conflict between LSC and USC if installed.

You can try to fix it by removing LSC and reinstalling it to recreate the database (you will get a warning about removing lubuntu-desktop but don't worry, nothing but LSC will be removed):

sudo apt-get purge lubuntu-software-center
sudo apt-get install lubuntu-software-center
sudo apt-get update

And if that doesn't work and you have Ubuntu Software Center installed:

sudo apt-get purge software-center
sudo apt-get install software-center
sudo apt-get update


Upgrade libinput to 1.7 or 1.8 on Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial

There are two options.

You can try to install libinput10 version 1.8 from artful repository.
You can get it HERE
There may be problems with dependencies.
You can compile and install libinput from source using
THIS ANSWER


Malformed lines in sources.list - how can I correct them?

Line 52 and 53 should be:

deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner

Note the missing ubuntu subpath and the missing space between precise and partner. (line numbers as for your situation, not in general)


Can't enable wifi on ubuntu 12.04 Dell Inspiron 15

Please open a terminal and run:

uname -r

Is your kernel version annotated '-pae'? If so, please get a working wired ethernet connection and then do:

sudo apt-get install linux-backports-modules-cw-3.10-precise-generic-pae

If not, then:

sudo apt-get install linux-backports-modules-cw-3.10-precise-generic

Detach the ethernet and do:

sudo modprobe ath9k

Your wireless should now be working.

It appears that you have a possibly conflicting wireless driver loading. Please open a terminal and do:

gksudo gedit /etc/modules

Remove the b43 line. Proofread carefully, save and close gedit. Now do:

sudo modprobe -r b43
sudo modprobe -r ssb

Now is your wireless working correctly?


Cron and many command line tools are available. It is however not possible to safe any changes made to crontab unless you make your system partition writeable.

The implications of making your system partition writeable and how to do it have been discussed in various posts.

A work around has been suggested in this answer. It involves invoking a script with an infinite loop by upstart (from ~/.config/upstart/). If you are going to use the sleep command in this script, you may want to consider that sleep currently behaves different to what you might expect.


I have a brother 290c. You need to follow the installation process as described in the step by step instructions on the Brother site.
It installs the lpd driver, then a cups wrapper. If you do not follow the process, the driver will show in your system, but will not work.

Start here, and follow their instructions exactly for you printer model.
http://welcome.solutions.brother.com/bsc/public/us/us/en/dlf/download_top.html?reg=us&prod=mfc290c_all&c=us&lang=en

Select your OS as Linux (deb) and go from there.
Each page will also have links for additional help with the installation process.


Dual-monitor setup; one monitor changes to low resolution

Try the following (in the order presented):

Change the power cable that connects the problematic screen to one that you are sure is working. If you continue to have problems,
Change the monitor cable (DVI, HDMI, or VGA) with one that you are sure is working. If you continue to have problems,
Try another monitor that you are sure is working. If you continue to have problems,
Reinstall your display adapter drivers. And if that doesn't work either, then
There is something wrong with your hardware (display adapter).


How do you install an ASUS USB-AC56 on Ubuntu?

Slight update,
I have tried the tips provided in the post "Installing Asus USB-AC56 Adapter on Ubuntu 17.10", the installation goes well, but the driver doesn't seem to be working much better (Its light doesn't light up). Thanks for your help.


/dev/kvm/ does not exist in ubuntu 16.04

It has nothing to do with Ubuntu. You need to restart the computer and enter into your BIOS settings. How to enter and where to find this setting depends on your hardware, it is usually pressing F12 or Del or Ins during the hardware start, consult your hardware User's Guide


Try directing the output to a log file.  Just make sure that it exists and is writable by whatever user the cronjob is running as.  (In my example, this would be cyphertite)

I also recommend running date somewhere at the beginning of your script so that you get the date in the log file.

 0 15 * * *    /home/andrew/daily-backup.sh >> /var/log/cyphertite.log

Additionally, cron logs are directed to /var/log/syslog if that helps


Boot into a Live CD/DVD/USB of ubuntu.

Then open up a terminal window. run these commands replace /dev/sda with your Drive name.

to find you drive name run this command

sudo fdisk -l

output of the command should look like this:

Disk /dev/sda: 232.9 GiB, 250058268160 bytes, 488395055 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0009dcf3

Device     Boot     Start       End   Sectors   Size Id Type
/dev/sda1            2048 382078219 382076172 182.2G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2  *    382078976 487346175 105267200  50.2G 83 Linux
/dev/sda3       487346176 488394751   1048576   512M 82 Linux swap / Solaris

Where is says Disk /dev/sda at the start of the command that is your disk name. my disk name is  /dev/sda when you run the command below copy or type in your  device name  at the end of these commands

sudo grub-install

then run

sudo update-grub

and then reboot.


Creating 2 zip parts starting from specific byte

warning [son.zip]:   3201769768 extra bytes at beginning or within zipfile

You have: 7GB full file split to 2 parts, 1st 4GB and 2nd 3GB. So it seems to me that unzip couldn't find the zip magic byte till it reach 3201769769. If you check precisely 3201769768 is the size of the 2nd part.

Basically, you swapped the order of the parts when joined with cat. To check:

Try swapping parts: cat sc-part01 sc-part00 > file.zip
Check their checksums  md5sum sc-part* for the ones in server and the ones in local machine.

BTW, there is many ways to spit file in a defined byte. Example:

tail -c <remaining-size> <source-file> > <destination-file>
dd if=<source-file> iflag=skip_bytes skip=<number-of-bytes-to-skip> of=<destination-file>


Format partitions on nexus 5 after installing Ubuntu touch

In order to resize the Android partition of your mobile device, basically, these are the steps you'll need to follow:

Connect your Android device to your PC.
Open a terminal.

2a. Reboot into recovery mode. (optional, depends on the partition you plan to modify)
Use adb to connect to your device.
Launch GParted (sudo apt install gparted) partition editor.
Resize the Android partition.
Reinstall any required system files in case you've deleted those and afterwards you may exit the shell and reboot your device.

Source: adapted from How to: repartition your Android tablet or smartphone? (all options included: change size, FS type, etc.)


Bluetooth devices need to support so called profiles, which basically describe what the device can do. If, for example, you want to use a blueetoth keyboard, it needs to be compatible with the Human Interface Device or HID profile.
For headsets and other audio devices, there are multiple relevant profiles: The Headset Profile (HSP) and/or the Hands Free Profile (HFP) are used when you want to use the device in two directions, so to speak - speaker output and microphone input. With HSP or HFP, the available bandwith gets split between the speaker and the microphone, so the quality of the audio output will be lower. Maybe that's what you mean by "mono".
If on the other hand you use the Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP), the whole bandwith is used for the audio output. Because of that, the quality of the audio output will be better as with HSP/HFP, but you won't be able to use the microphone.
You'll need to look into which profiles are supported by your specific device. A device can support multiple profiles, but only one at a time. For example, my headset supports HSP/HFP as well as A2DP. You can select which profile you want to use in the audio settings, but you can only use one profile at a time.
You also might want to look into which other bluetooth devices are connected to your machine. Typically, you can only use one device per profile at a time. So if you are, for example, using a bluetooth speaker with A2DP, you can't use bluetooth headphones with AD2P at the same time.


I believe the entries in revaliases are wrong:

root:username@gmail.com:587

should rather be

root:username@gmail.com:smtp.gmail.com:587

and accordingly for the other aliases.


How can I add commands to startup requiring admin privileges?

Short answer

Simply add your commands at the end of the file /etc/rc.local (but before the exit 0 line!)

Long answer

Of course there's also the Debian way of doing this - writing a script. Put it in the /etc/init.d/ directory.

Lets say you called it FOO. You then run % update-rc.d FOO defaults. You also have to make the file you created, FOO, executable, using $chmod +x FOO.

You can check out % man update-rc.d for more information. It is a Debian utility to install scripts. The option defaults puts a link to start FOO in run levels 2, 3, 4 and 5 (and puts a link to stop FOO into 0, 1 and 6.)

To make the script run as last:

update-rc.d -f my_script_name defaults 99


How to change the app icons of Linux Mint to defaults?

You can use Ubuntu tweak to restore the Icon set to system default icon set.

click here to install Ubuntu tweak in Ubuntu. After installing From Tweaks -> Themes you can do that.


Two versions of Python in my Ubuntu 12.04

I would not recommend to have two 2.7.x versions installed. If you need for some project a specific additional version, use virtual environments instead.

If you need to get rid of one python system wide version, stick to this recommendations.

To change between different installations of python, use

sudo update-alternatives --config python

to configure them. However, that would most likely trigger problems with future updates.


How to fetch "keyboard layout indicator" when it get disappeared

You can simply open system setting (gnome-control-center ) and select keyboard layout. In "layout" tab click on "options" and select "key(s) to change layout". Now you can select any key combination to change keyboard layout.
If you have trouble doing this, explain more about the problem.


ubuntu laptop to win7 laptop music transfer

You can connect both computers in hotspot or a command LAN.
Then, you need to share folder with your files from windows computer.
Then, from Ubuntu

Open File Manager (nautilus) i.e Open your home folder.

From Menu > Go > Network in Nautilus, or from left sidepane, click on Browse Network.

You can find your Windows share in a folder named Windows Network.

Open your shared folder, enter windows username and password if asked.

Now, you can copy your files as you wish.


How can I use the Gnome clock applet (or equivalent) in Xfce?

I found this page after searching some: Xfce for Gnome 2 Refugees

That page mentions xfce4-datetime-plugin, which has the calendar dropdown.
There are several other nice applets in the xfce4-goodies package


I fixed issue by changing from the proprietary NVIDA driver to Ubuntu default.

Settings > Details will provide a snapshot.

details proprietary driver

details default driver

Also, check posts on issues with NVIDA and Wayland.


I am posting this as an answer instead, so I do not post several comments.
This question has been asked several times before (see below).

The most useful answer seems to be this.

How to install openjdk 7 on ubuntu 18.04

How can i install jdk7 on ubuntu 18.04 lts 64bit?

Installing Java 7 in 16.04 and using multiple Java versions (referred to 16.04, but useful)

https://openbravotutorial.wordpress.com/2019/05/11/install-openjdk-7-on-linuxmint-19-1-or-ubuntu-18-04/

https://www.reddit.com/r/linuxquestions/comments/9duojg/install_java_7_on_ubuntu_1804/


VLC made it impossible to install or delete

It looks like one of the .deb files is actually corrupted. Do the following:

sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get -f install


Lost access to my windows 10 partition after Ubuntu update

I solved my problem by following instructions here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


mysqld directory disappears after using sudo service mysql stop

Did this workaround:

sudo service mysql stop
mkdir /var/run/mysqld/
chown mysqld /var/run/mysqld/

After restarting MySQL, it worked normally.


Creating a virtual video device, processing signal and redirecting it to physical output on Ubuntu 14.04

Depending on the kind of on-the-fly video-editing you want to do, the easiest way to do this would be to transcode on the fly...

Let's say that you want to add a simple watermark onto a video, then you take the video, stream it, capture the stream, add the watermark and re-stream it.
(off course above example is so simple that you can just do it with the existing filters inside VLC, but you get the point)


My experience with Linux on laptops is that it will run hotter and have less battery life than the OS it came with :( I use Ubuntu exclusively on my desktop but I probably won't try again on the laptop for a long time.

To answer the question: if you want to lower the CPU temperature, you can underclock the processor. This will make your computer slower, though. This guide might be helpful.


A bug with Network Manager obviously can be solved this way:

First you need anyway purge hostapd together with configuration:

sudo apt-get purge hostapd

Then try to reinstall network-manager, and this way your configuration of network-manager will be saved:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall -fmu network-manager

where -f is fix-broken, -m is fix-missing and -u is show upgraded

sudo reboot

OR completely purge hostapd & network-manager together with their configurations and again freshly install network-manager by single command:

sudo apt-get purge -y hostapd && sudo apt-get purge -y network-manager && sudo apt-get install network-manager && sudo reboot

For a chance to have hostapd installed my opinion you need to go step-by-step this guide:
WifiDocs / MasterMode

Then, if success you can begin stepping second guide to setup your wifi from there:
Using hostapd on Ubuntu to create a wifi access point

Cited the part 5.Troubleshooting from second guide:

  If you have network-manager configured to use your wifi card, you
  should disable auto-connect for all the wireless connections.
  Otherwise, it may interfere with hostapd. If some frequencies are
  disabled, make sure your driver is set to use the right regulatory
  domain. You can see the current one with:

iw reg get

  If it says country 00, you need to set it manually, in
  /etc/default/crda. To set it manually you need (at least for some
  cards) to have cfg80211 and mac80211 installed as kernel modules. You
  can check if they’re installed as modules by using:

zcat /proc/config.gz

  Look for CONFIG_CFG80211=m, if it says “=y” then it’s compiled into
  the kernel, and you’ll need to re-install your kernel. If you’re using
  an Atheros card, you may also need to set the region in the driver. Do
  this by adding “cfg80211 ieee80211_regdom=US” to /etc/modules

Last sentence is about your country code sure.


An workaround will be to use the following command:

xrandr --output LVDS1 --auto --output VGA1 --off && gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background primary-color "#73D216"

This will set again your background color to #73D216 (green).


How to add a scrollable time bar to the sound indicator

You'll have to change the source code for indicator-sound.

However, I came up with a hack based on this question.

(For VLC)

First of all, to add VLC to the sound indicator, you have to enable the MPRIS Dbus interface. (Follow this link for more detailed explanation.) Once you have enabled it, VLC (along with other Music Players) can be controlled via D-bus interface.

For example, for VLC you can run the following command from terminal to seek 10s forward.

qdbus org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.vlc /org/mpris/MediaPlayer2 org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.Player.Seek 10000000

You can read all the available functions from the MPRIS interface here.

Now based on this question, you can create your own custom script to seek 10s forward, backward etc.


A few things...

30 22 * * 0 means every Sunday at 10:22pm. Not daily. Use a * in the fifth time field if you want every day of the week.
Files in /etc/cron.d/ take a slightly different format. The second argument (after the time string) sets the user it will run as. To do things this way your file should read:

30 22 * * *  root  apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y

Files in /etc/cron.daily/ are acually supposed to be standalone scripts, not cron-formatted strings. To do things this way, your file should read:

#!/bin/sh
set -e
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade -y

And perhaps most importantly... if you want to automate updates, I'd suggest something like apticron. It gives you much better control over what's installed automatically and what isn't. It also sends out emails with changelogs, etc... I think it's what you want.


Created a dual boot but only boots to Ubuntu

If you get GRUB bootloader but it doesn't show windows 8 try to update grub. Command in terminal:

sudo update-grub

If you don't get a GRUB bootloader please read/follow these steps: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Installing


In the newer versions of the iwlwifi driver, the "11n_disable" parameter has more than two values - 0 or 1. I recommend you try value '8', which enables Tx aggregation, enabling the interface to push larger packets per second, thus possibly gaining better speeds.

If you have added the "11n_disable=1" parameter to the '/etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf' file, this command will change the value '1' to '8' -
Code:

sudo sed -i 's/11n_disable=1/11n_disable=8/' /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

If you haven't yet added that option, you can add it now with -
Code:

echo "options iwlwifi 11n_disable=8" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

Of course try any one of the above as applicable, not both.


The PC is not completing the restart process after installation 12.04

Try installing again following the Official Documentation.

It could just be a loose connection.  For this try powering off the computer, unplugging the power cable, a few seconds later touch the metal on the outside of the box to discharge any static electricity, unplug the hard drive cable from both ends, and reconnect everything.

There could be a problem with the hard drive.  The Live CD has several tools to repair the disk, such as:

sudo fdisk -l
sudo fsck /dev/yourdisk
sudo badblocks -sv /dev/yourdisk

fdisk will show you all the drives that are accessable.  fsck will check and repair the file system.  badblocks will actually search the physical disk for parts that are bad.  Disk Utility is a GUI tool used for the same thing.  Boot-Repair is another option.

The log files are extremely useful for troubleshooting.  You can view your logs from terminal like this:

cd /var/logs
less syslog

As mentioned in the LinuxLogFiles Wiki, you can browse them like this:

"Press h for help, or q to quit. The cursor keys and page up/down keys will work as
expected, and the slash key ("/") will do a case-sensitive search; the n key repeats
the last search."

Error logs look like this: /var/log/apport.log and can be found by showing the contents of your logs directory:

ls /var/logs

You would view it the same way as syslog above.
Here are a couple resources for troubleshooting:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Troubleshooting
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Troubleshooting


When login into 15.10 sometimes my cursor is invisible?

Try installing gnome
press Ctrl+Alt+T to launch terminal and type

sudo apt-get install gnome

Now open tweak tools and choose any different cursor theme..
If it doesn't work please let me know!


Should I have the most recent Ubuntu on an old laptop?

Get Lubuntu or Xubuntu instead of the "vanilla" version of Ubuntu. Preferably the 14.04 LTS version. Lubuntu takes smoothness to the extreme but does not have a lot of eye candy. Xubuntu is very lightweight too but is usually more customizable.


Compiz is not installed on Xubuntu for reasons of lightness but it can be installed:

sudo apt-get install compiz compiz-plugins-main compiz-plugins-extra

Change to compiz:

compiz --replace

Install Compiz Config Settings Manager too:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

You can find compizconfig-settings-manager in System -> Preferences


Im getting error : need a singel repository as argument

You need a semicolon ";" to separate the two commands: sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mkusb/ppa; sudo apt install mkusb. Otherwise, add-apt-repository thinks you want to add ppa:mkusb/ppa, sudo, apt , install and mkusb, the last 4 of which are not repositories.


Ubuntu 12.04 recovery mode root shell has no internet connection

Plug it in to the router with an Ethernet cable and run the dhclient eth0 command.


Failed wireless connection on a Thinkpad edge E520 with a Centrino Wireless-N 1000

answer from here:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1760181

$ rfkill list all
$ sudo rmmod -f acer_wmi
$ sudo rfkill unblock all
$ sudo su
# echo "blacklist acer_wmi" >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
# exit


Identifying syslog files, also does auth.log mirror what is in /vars/syslog?

Read man rsyslog.conf, and inspect /etc/rsyslog.conf, /etc/rsyslog.d/*. In /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf you will see:

# First some standard log files.  Log by facility.
#
auth,authpriv.*                 /var/log/auth.log
*.*;auth,authpriv.none          -/var/log/syslog

which shows that /var/log/auth.log and /var/log/syslog do NOT get the same messages.


19.10: How to passthrough Dolby DTS/AC3 from Kodi

You need to change to ALSA as audio device for Kodi. See https://forum.kodi.tv/showthread.php?tid=343813


Connecting to local Ubuntu computer using Putty

Assuming I've understood your question correctly, you want to control an Ubuntu machine that is on your LAN, correct? If you wish to SSH into it from a Windows computer, then yes, PuTTY would be the way to go. Port 22 is the default in SSH. However, if you're doing it from another Ubuntu/Debian based machine, there wouldn't be a need to use it.

You can run the following on the computer you wish to SSH into (the computer to be controlled):

sudo apt install openssh-server

Then on the computer you wish to use to SSH into the remote system:

ssh username@LAN-IP-ADDRESS

For example:

ssh whitelightning@192.168.1.5

If you don't know the LAN IP, use the command ifconfig on the remote computer. This will output details about each network interface. Find the one in use, then look for inet (not to be computed with inet6), and you will find the IP address you need to use.

It will ask you for a password. This will be the password that particular user would use on the remote machine. You will also be asked on your first SSH session if you want to trust the remote machine's key.

More information on the openssh-server package and further refining the setup process can be found here.


You can use iptables with the owner module , just for their user. The wifi will work for the rest of the system and for all other users. The syntax is:

iptables -A OUTPUT -o wlan0 -m owner --uid-owner USERNAME -j DROP

That would drop all output packages to wlan0 for user USERNAME, effectivly killing internet for them.


lspci | grep "Audio"

00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller (rev 06)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05)

sudo aplay -l

**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: HDMI [HDA Intel HDMI], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: HDMI [HDA Intel HDMI], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: HDMI [HDA Intel HDMI], device 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: CA0132 Analog [CA0132 Analog]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 1: CA0132 Digital [CA0132 Digital]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0


Access the database via PHP from outside the server

You can grant the user all required privileges using the following command:

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'
IDENTIFIED BY 'your_pass'
WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;`

% means all hosts, so that specified user can access the database from any ip-address. You can specify your own ip-address if you have your own.

Don't forget to add an exception to the firewall on your VPS, if you have one.
If you use ufw then you can execute the following:

sudo ufw allow 3306/tcp
sudo service ufw restart

Then finally don't forget to edit my.cnf on your system which is place in /etc/mysql/my.cnf if you use Ubuntu.
open the file using your favorite text editor:
for example nano: sudo nano /etc/mysql/my.cnf
then add following:

[mysqld]
bind-address= your-server-ip-address
#skip-networking

Save the file and exit.
Don't forget then to run
sudo systemctl restart mysql

You can test your work using this php script

<?php
$dbname = 'dbname';
$dbuser = 'db_user';
$dbpass = 'db_pass';
$dbhost = 'your-server-ip-address';

try {
   $connection = new PDO("mysql:host=$dbhost;dbname=$dbname", $dbuser,
   $dbpass);

 $connection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
   echo "Connected successfully";
 }
catch(PDOException $e)
   {
     echo "Connection failed: " . $e->getMessage();
   }


Aliasing cd && echo doesn't work properly

Unless additional detail gets added, what's below isn't a bad guess as to what is playing out.
First, a couple things to know:

The cd command itself will not generate any output in your example; see the cd command in the Bash man page for the 2 conditions when it does generate output, neither of which applies here. (It's possible you or your sysadmin overrode the default setup so that it does, but let's assume not. You can check by running type cd; if you see cd is a shell builtin, then no override occurred.)

When the shell needs input from you, it issues a prompt to let you know it's waiting on you. What it prints is determined by the value of a shell variable named PS1; you can see it by entering echo "$PS1". Yours may be something along the lines of ~$:\w  (the \w expands to your current directory; see the PROMPTING section in the Bash man page).

What happens when you enter test to invoke your alias:

The shell changes directory (probably generating no output), then
the shell echoes your content, then
having completed your instructions, the shell now prompts you to enter more input by printing your PS1 variable.

... and that's why you're getting your unexpected results.
Last note: there is already a command named test in Unix/Linux; run man test to see what it does. Consider naming your alias try, or albertotest. :-)


How to disable the link MissingFile on Shotwell

With Shotwell you could use an alternative library for your 'secret' pictures, which would also leave the default .shotwell folder in your home folder intact. You would only need to remove shotwell.log in ~/.cache/shotwell to eliminate evidence that this different library had been opened. It is safe to remove this log file as it is generated automatically whenever shotwell is run. This log file is all I have in .cache after using Shotwell, just one file and no other thumbnail database (even with display hidden files on).

Using cryptkeeper, I wish to store the secret shotwell library in my encrypted folder, so I mount my encrypted folder (called secret) and point shotwell towards that folder when I launch it:

shotwell -d /home/mike/misc/secret

Now I import my pictures from my encrypted folder and the library will stay in my encrypted folder. This is the standard command that lets you select an alternative library location for shotwell, while retaining the default one unaltered. Each time you load up your encrypted folder and run the shotwell command your library will be ready to use. Now if you do it this way everytime, there will be no missing file warnings.

Now when you unmount your cryptkeeper folder you can run shotwell again as normal and it will load your default library (just see my note above about removing the shotwell log if you want to cover your tracks).

NOTE: for Shotwell 0.13 and above, you will have to launch the program with a bash wrapper script when using it with cryptkeeper or truecrypt, as the .cache thumbnail folder needs also to be kept private. So, something like this should launch Shotwell- point the cache and shotwell to your encrypted folder or volume:

#!/bin/bash
export XDG_CACHE_HOME=/media/truecrypt6/shotwell
shotwell -d /media/truecrypt6/shotwell


Problem is in default route. When you connect second cable to usb/eth your default gateway is changed to gateway from corporate network 10.108.80.1 and packet to "internet" are routed to that router.
If all Corporate network resources on 10.108.80.0 / 255.255.240.0 network you do not need gateway, and simple revert gateway to 192.168.2.1. You can do that with command

sudo route add default gateway 192.168.2.1

Your packet to example: 8.8.8.8 will be routed to 192.168.1.1 instead of Corporate gw witch is 10.108.80.1.

Also you can create script to do this for you.

Example:

sudo nano /etc/network/if-up.d/script

and put content

# Check for specific interface if desired
[ "$IFACE" != "eth0" ] || exit 0
# put default gw to eth1
route add default dev eth1

give script privilege

chmod 755 /etc/network/if-up.d/script

if-up.d will trigger script called script when eth0 go up and put default gw to eth1

eth0 - i guess is card to connect to corporate net.


offset shadow/blurry text HP Photosmart C4780 with HPLIP

I had the same problem with Ubuntu 20.04 and the same printer. Here's how I solved it:

Installed HPLIP 3.21.2 from (https://developers.hp.com/hp-linux-imaging-and-printing/gethplip). I'm not sure this step is really needed.

Aligned the cartridges 3 or 4 times. In the command line type:
hp-align -p <printer_name>

and just follow the instructions for alignment.


Ubuntu 16.10 GUI problems (Unity, KODI, FluxBox, KDE)

I managed to solve most of my problems by installing CCSM (CompizConfig Settings Manager). Although many of the default graphical features of Unity were "enabled" in the default system settings app, many had become disabled, and many more are hidden from view (by default).

I installed CCSM and re-enabled Window snapping, Window placement, and desktop wall.

Now I need to figure out how to reset the mouse pointers to use only the the Humanity themed set.


How can I use Dropbox as a backup without syncing the backup to my harddrive?

One option I can think of, perhaps is to use the Dropbox API, and a carefully crafted curl command to send your file up to your dropbox. This will allow you to send the file up, without needing to keep it synced on your workstation.

See this API command: https://www.dropbox.com/developers/core/docs#files_put


Chrome graphical glitches Checker-imaging error

Have to add this flag in /usr/share/applications/google-chrome.desktop file

--enable-features="CheckerImaging"


Any way to mass auto indent php and html code in Ubuntu?

I regularly use a tool called HTML Tidy to clean up dirty HTML. The Ubuntu package is simply called "tidy".

For PHP there seems to exist a tool called phptidy, but apart from testing if it works, I never used it.


Wrong icon for a .odg files (Libreoffice Draw), Ubuntu 14.04, Libreoffice 4.2.4.2

That is also the icon I see for .odg files. I think it is the intended default icon.

Looking in the Properties after right-clicking on a .odg file, I found it said application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics in parentheses under "Type:".  Then I found the corresponding file:

/usr/share/icons/Humanity/mimes/48/application-vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics

Looking in its properties that file was actually just a link to this file, which is the image displayed as the .odg icon:

/usr/share/icons/Humanity/mimes/48/x-office-drawing.svg

The image you want to change to is at:

/usr/share/icons/Humanity/mimes/48/libreoffice-oasis-drawing.svg

All you have to do is replace x-office-drawing.svg with the new icon you want (i.e. delete the old file, copy a new file to that directory, then rename it). There are actually a bunch of different size folders (e.g. 32, 48, 128) so I wrote the following bash script. This worked on my system. Just save it using a text editor as change-icon.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash

path="/usr/share/icons/Humanity/mimes"
orig="application-vnd.oasis.opendocument.drawing.svg"
new="x-office-drawing.svg"

for dir in $(find "$path" -type d ! -path "$path"); do
    sudo cp "$dir"/"$orig" "$dir"/"$new"
done

sudo gtk-update-icon-cache "/usr/share/icons/Humanity"

Then make it executable:

chmod +x change-icon.sh

Execute it with:

./change-icon.sh

You will probably get some error messages from cp. This is normal since not all of the folders have the files for some reason. You also might have to log out and back in to see the changes.


It's the default built into the software.

From the NetworkManager Reference Manual:

  NetworkManager supports traditional values none (static), dhcp. But it
  also allows additional values to enable new addressing methods. They
  are autoip for IPv4 link-local addressing using Avahi daemon and
  shared for connection sharing. When shared is used, NetworkManager
  assigns the interface 10.42.0.1, or it uses the first static address,
  if configured.

Obviously it is because 42 is the answer to life, the universe, and everything.


How to use cryptsetup keyscript with initrd in Ubuntu 16.04?

Try option "initramfs" in /etc/crypttab as described here: https://askubuntu.com/a/1149273/437357


Make install Command - Permission Denied

You can install glew and freeglut without implementing difficult compilations. They are in Official Ubuntu Repository.

sudo apt-get install freeglut3 libglew1.10 glew-utils


To Test Installation of Wolfram Workbench 2 in Eclipse of Ubuntu 16.04?

I received an answer from Wolfram Premier service.
They provided the prerelease of Wolfram Workbench 3, and recommends to use it in Ubuntu 16.04 instead of Workbench 2. Open .nb file again and you get a similar error

/usr/local/Wolfram/Mathematica/9.0/Executables/Mathematica

as in the screenshot of the body.
I think Wolfram Workbench does not support notebook files.
I think the path should be 10.0 there, but for some reason, they keep there 9.0.


Will a parallel port software protection dongle work when running Windows in a VM?

The virtualised parallel port will possibly have different signal timings, which may cause incompatibility with a protection dongle. From the VirtualBox forums:

  There can be no guarantees that a particular parallel device will
  work. If it's very fussy about timing, say for example a JTAG flash
  programmer, then I wouldn't be surprised if it doesn't work. Obviously
  the implementation details of software protection dongles are not
  widely published, but no that would not surprise me either.

The answer is likely to be highly dependent on your dongle and your PC - in theory, exactly the same setup could work with one type of LPT controller but not another, due to the way they generate signal timings, and the way that this is interpreted by the dongle. You will just have to try it and see if it works for your case.

Also note that a W2K era PC will lack Intel/AMD hardware virtualization extensions, and hence a VM will be slower than you might expect.


Why doesn't gdbus output work when invoked from ~/.profile?

It's probably failing because gdbus cannot establish a connection to a running session bus.

Remember that ~/.profile is sourced by login shells; it may be the case that the display manager invokes a user's desktop session inside a login shell, but you shouldn't count on it and even if it does, the session will be a child of the shell rather than the other way around - environment variables such as DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS won't be set in the parent shell.

For applications that need to connect to a desktop session's bus, you are better off using the GUI's "Startup Applications" feature - see for example How do I start applications automatically on login?


Random character input starts after typing during short freezes

Googled up a respective Launchpad bug: "shuffled keys in keyboard buffer".

People replace iBus with SCIM: sudo apt-get remove ibus && sudo apt-get install scim. I am personally cautious, as ubuntu-desktop depends on ibus.


How do I dual boot Windows and Ubuntu on two separate hard drives?

If you have Windows already installed on SSD, you shouldn't do anything to SSD and only focus how to install Ubuntu on HDD independently, so that you can choose the system to boot in the BIOS. Then you could simply add Windows entry to Grub boot menu and set the primary drive to boot in BIOS to HDD.

In order to add Windows entry to Grub menu, it could be helpful to look at this post Add Windows 10 to GRUB OS list or do it easier (by GUI) with Grub Customizer. In both approaches you need to know the name of Windows main partition, which you can obtain using lsblk command.

The only question that remains is: why you cannot install Ubuntu individually?
Can you give us more details about the installation process? Have you been using the Secure Boot???, e.g. in the BIOS, when you was choosing the media with Ubuntu (DVD or pendrive) to boot for installation, did you spot that the same media name come with two copies, one of them preceded with UEFI:?

At last, if you ever get an idea to install both systems on the same drive, which in my opinion is much more risky, here is a guideline: How to Dual Boot Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Along with Windows 10


wireless not enabled in 12.04, Lenovo T440s

I have the T440s and Ubuntu 12.04 is running wonderfully. But to get it running smoothly and also the wireless adapter, you will need to have the newer Linux kernel installed.

So make sure you are connected to the internet (by using Ethernet or a phone tethering). Then run the following command in terminal;

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-saucy

This will install the latest 3.11 kernel. Once it's done (only when it's done), restart your laptop.

Also, I just noticed that the 12.04.4 version was released very recently. With that version the above is no longer needed and everything should work out of the box.
So to all new people installing Ubuntu 12.04 on a T440s, please make sure to have the latest version.

You may get it from here: Download Ubuntu


How to watch for network down -- not using Network Manager

That's exactly why I wrote net-o-matic. Get it at https://github.com/waltinator/net-o-matic


Why does %f act like ~%n in my wine launcher?

I got completely fed up with trying and just moved everything to a shell script...

I got the same issue there, so I did a cd command to the image directory before running mspaint.exe to fix it.


Here is how to install the official releases, not the snapshots

sudo add-apt-repository  ppa:stebbins/handbrake-releases
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install handbrake-cli

You can then run it with:

HandBrakeCLI --help


I did it manually for now by editing .config/menus/applications.menu, adding
  <Separator/> inside <Layout>...</Layout> near the bottom of that file:

<Layout>
    <Merge type="menus"/>
    <Filename>Terminal.desktop</Filename>
    <Filename>gedit-1.desktop</Filename>
    <Filename>Firefox Web Browser.desktop</Filename>
    <Filename>Tomboy Notes.desktop</Filename>
    <Filename>Geeqie.desktop</Filename>
    <Filename>alacarte-made.desktop</Filename>
    <Menuname>alacarte-made</Menuname>
    <Separator/>
    <Menuname>Accessories</Menuname>
    <Menuname>Debian</Menuname>
    <Menuname>Education</Menuname>
    <Menuname>Games</Menuname>
    <Menuname>Graphics</Menuname>
    <Menuname>Internet</Menuname>
    <Menuname>Office</Menuname>
    <Menuname>Other</Menuname>
    <Menuname>Development</Menuname>
    <Menuname>Science</Menuname>
    <Menuname>Multimedia</Menuname>
    <Menuname>System</Menuname>
    <Menuname>Universal Access</Menuname>
    <Separator/>
    <Filename>ubuntu-software-center.desktop</Filename>
    <Merge type="files"/>
</Layout>

If you use the filemanager to get to .config (e.g. via Places/Home Folder)
 be sure to Show Hidden Files via View/Show Hidden Files or hit Ctrl+H.


No headphone sound in HP Spectre x360 13-w030ca Ubuntu 16.10

I have the same behavior on same model 13-w030ca running kernel 4.10.1-2-default (Tumbleweed/kde). Yes, it works fine under windows 10. I'm getting no sound out of the jack to either headphones or high impedance (~50kOhm) amp input though I agree it is definitely detecting the change from speakers when I plug in anything.


Autocomplete don't have effect when using environment variable

It's a bug: In natty, bash completion now quotes shell variable references rather than expanding them

See comment #7 for a workaround or this forum post: Bash auto-complete of environment variables - Comment #7


How do I install the VCAC (VMware) guest agent on Ubuntu? I have an rpm file to use

If you are trying to install the Vmware guest tools inside an Ubuntu guest, the easy way is to open a terminal and enter

sudo apt-get install --install-suggests open-vm-tools

Alternatively, the Vmware tools can can be run from the installation disks that Vmware was installed from, but the process is a little involved, and I believe that there are some patches needed for the Ubuntu 15 installations.  VMWare's documentation does indicate that on a linux guest, open-vm-tools should be used.


Ubuntu 15.10 stucks before login screen on VM Workstation

Have the same problem running 15.04 in VMware.

The solution is to restart the VM, get into advanced boot options(for me it means spamming ESC as soon as the VM starts, same principle as getting into Recovery Mode). Once there go to Advanced options for Ubuntu, and select an older version(not recovery mode or upstart or whatever, just a plain older kernel version), press enter.

There's instructions on google to make it so that the older version is picked on every boot, if you'd like. Hopefully this issue gets resolved soon.


Running Wireshark (Monitor Mode) using Live DVD

For example, do I need another program to run first (airmon-ng

Yes.  Sadly, turning monitor mode on isn't as simple as it is in, say, OS X; you have to go through an elaborate dance involving creating new interfaces associated with the real Wi-Fi interface and setting them up as monitor-mode interfaces, and that involves netlink, and the "easy" way of doing netlink involves a library that has apparently changed its API 3 times, in incompatible ways, so linking libpcap with libnl is a bad idea and few if any distributions do it, so turning monitor mode on in tcpdump/Wireshark/TShark/etc. isn't as easy as "use the -I command line option" or "check the monitor mode box" or....

So see the Linux section of the Wireshark Wiki's "CaptureSetup/WLAN" page.


How to make resume script wait for ivtv initialization

You can add a sleep here:

thaw|resume)
    modprobe saa716x_tbs_dvb
    modprobe ivtv

    # Here we need to wait until IR sensor device initialization is done!
    sleep 20
    service lirc start

Now, you want to do something really smart, you may want to use upstart.


Notification sounds from applications are stopping the sound for a second

So, apparently the problem was in the selected audio device.

KDE Audio Devices Appearance

Many of the applications (Slack, Viber, etc) detected my HDMI as the primary audio output source instead of the Built-In Audio Analog Stereo.

I tried fixing this first by disabling the notifications (but apparently even if they are disabled, muted, turned off and what not, they still try to connect to the first device and during that short period of time, the audio is turned of from the analog stereo output, it's turned on the HDMI and when it doesn't succeed it turns the analog output back on).

The next I did was trying some libraries and software solutions (different audio libraries, different drivers, etc). Nothing of that worked.

I also tried adding the Simultaneous output (as you can see in the image above), but that didn't help either, the sound was still turned off on the analog output.

Finally, I figured the issue being as described in the opening of the answer, so I set all audio devices manually (from each application) to the built in analog output, as well as the default as in the image.

It still sometimes tries to set the simultaneous output as the default, but apart from that I don't have sound issues anymore.


rkhunter shows a possible rootkit or a false possitive?

Sure, on a first run, rkhunter shows a lot of false positives and firefox is one of the commonly known. It can be ignored in the /etc/rkhunter.conffile by uncommenting the already shown example

ALLOWIPCPROC=/usr/bin/firefox

There are some other known false positives around, but I couldn't find any explanation how to find out, if a process is known to use large memories.

I hope I will get an answer here soon: https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/220302/find-out-if-a-process-is-allowed-to-use-shared-memory-segments

see also: https://serverfault.com/a/937301/128892


I sort of fixed my issue yesterday. Here is the post. But it's not perfect. I still have two instances of ubuntu on the UEFI boot drive selector screen, and selecting them boots to Grub. But, I can select the hard drive Ubuntu is installed on and it boots directly to the OS.

How do you boot automatically from Grub?


No Unity in lightdm after installing from software center!

This is the content of my /usr/share/xsessions/ubuntu.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Ubuntu
Comment=This session logs you into Ubuntu
Exec=gnome-session --session=ubuntu
TryExec=unity
Icon=
Type=Application
X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=gnome-session-3.0

If for some reason you don't have it, create a new one:

gksu gedit /usr/share/xsessions/ubuntu2.desktop

And fill it with the content. You can change the name to ubuntu2.desktop for the file, and the Name=Unity-test just in case if you don't want to overwrite other files.

When you're done, restart or just log out and log in, or from a terminal:

sudo service lightdm restart

And see if the new item shows up.

Good luck!


BOOTMGR image is corrupt fault while dual booting Ubuntu and Windows7

You can always rescue a broken Ubuntu boot by going back to your installation media. (Either a LiveCD or a LiveUSB). Booting up to that will place you in a working Ubuntu environment where you can attempt to fix whatever is preventing the system from booting.

There is a utility called Boot Info Script that will gather all the relevant info and save it to a text file. There is a walk through here. You can then copy this to pastebin or otherwise so we can tell you what you need to do to fix your boot.


It looks like you're adding the wrong URL.  Here is what I did.

Opened Rhythmbox, clicked on Podcasts, and then right click choose New Podcast Feed, as shown in the image below.

Once you get the screen shown below, add the URL (http://www.bbc.co.uk/podcasts/series/comedy), and press Search.  That will get you all the feeds, and then just choose the one you want.


Links found on google: a description of it on Telus security labs and a in depth analysis on securelist. That last one is full of hints. The backdoor is described as (from the 1st link) ...

  Backdoor.Linux.Ganiw.A is a Backdoor and Bot agent that targets the Linux platform. The malware contacts a remote server, identifying itself, and sending system information. In addition, it receives control commands to perform various nefarious activities on the infected system. Moreover, the malware has the capabilities to embark on different types of DoS attacks. To survive a system reboot, it adds an entry to the initialization directory "/etc/init.d".

From this you can deduct 2 things:

if it is "Backdoor.Linux.Ganiw.a (cupsdd)": check /etc/init.d for a file that does this. "The malware also creates symbolic links to the script in /etc/rc[1-5].1/S97DbSecuritySpt". If it is "Backdoor.Linux.Ganiw.a (cupsddh)" then "it creates the file /tmp/bill.lock, in which it stores the PID of the current process. cupsddh stores system data in the structure g_statBase, which is identical to that used by cupsdd." It also checks for a "/usr/libamplify.so" That files holds a config (and it is not a library) (all of this from the 2nd link).

So check for those files.(most of this from the 2nd link
Check your outgoing connections (your router log for instance) on dubious outgoing connections.

I disagree with the other answer: don't let clamav "fix" this... if you do have this on your system reinstall it and restore a backup (and confirm that the backup is clean).  And get a better password than you have now: it HAS your admin password otherwise it could not install in /etc/.

Please confirm you do have this backdoor. It would be the 1st time I see someone having one ;-)


Problem when installing Ubuntu Studio 12.10

have you tried to check md5 sum of your image file?
Just make md5sum of your iso image files, and then compare it with md5sum that are available from download site, in this case go to ubuntu studio web site and find proper md5sum for your iso file. sonmetimes with torrent downloading this happens.