How i remove windows xp and install ubuntu?

Your question is somehow unclear. Would you like to keep all of your files in windows? If you want then, move the files to another drive. I would recommend you to backup all important files from ALL drives in case you mess it up.

Then try installing ubuntu.

I donot remember all the process but while there are choices, go for
"Install ubuntu"
"try something else"
Then on one of the drives(like /dev/sda1), there is winXP. Delete the drive. Then add a new partition of size ~2GB as SWAP and make it logical drive. Then again, make a new drive of remaining storage. Set the mount point to /. Processed from the screen. Done!


Same Ubuntu installation with additional software on multiple machines?

This sounds like a job for clonezilla

Clonezilla is a partition and disk imaging/cloning program similar to True Image® or Norton Ghost®. It helps you to do system deployment, bare metal backup and recovery. Two types of Clonezilla are available, Clonezilla live and Clonezilla SE (server edition). Clonezilla live is suitable for single machine backup and restore. While Clonezilla SE is for massive deployment, it can clone many (40 plus!) computers simultaneously. Clonezilla saves and restores only used blocks in the hard disk. This increases the clone efficiency. With some high-end hardware in a 42-node cluster, a multicast restoring at rate 8 GB/min was reported.

The documentation on the site is quite good and if you have ever used Norton Ghost you should have no problems using it.


Why does Conky superpose system data when updating its output?

In the .conkyrc file, the problem is where the line own_window_type is set to override. There are five possible values for this: desktop, override, dock, panel, and normal. The override mode causes drawing on top of itself when it updates (I have also experienced this). AFAIK, none of the other modes will do this, but certain modes don't play nice with desktop managers like nautilus. If you're using Unity, I suggest the dock mode; however, you will need to hold [Alt] and click-drag to move it to the desired position, as for currently unknown reasons the dock mode ignores the alignment, gap_x, and gap_y variables.

Full info for editing the .conkyrc file can be found here.


Upgrade of 12.04.4 LTS to 14.04 LTS fails on Pandaboard

It seems Ubuntu has dropped support for armel after 12.04

https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-devel/2012-November/036106.html

You could try switch to armhf

https://blogs.oracle.com/jtc/entry/is_it_armhf_or_armel


"He's dead, Jim!" each 5 minutes in Chromium

Try reseting your profile:

Exit chromium completely.

Go to Computer.

Select Go > Location.

Enter the following directory in the text field:
 ~/.config/google-chrome/

Locate the folder called "Default" in the directory window that opens and rename it as "Backup default."

Try opening Google Chrome again. A new "Default" folder is automatically created as you start using the browser.

If you wish, you can transfer information from your old user profile to your new one.
However, this action is not recommended, since a part of your old profile may be corrupt.
With that in mind, to transfer your old bookmarks, copy the Bookmarks.bak file from the Backup default folder to your new Default folder. Once moved, rename the file from Bookmarks.bak to Bookmarks to complete the migration.
All other browser data will remain in the Backup default folder, but you won't be able to transfer it to your new profile.


What tools do I need to use to report a bug in a developers PPA?

The Ubuntu project & community does not take responsibility for PPA and their packages. The only packages that the Ubuntu community maintains are the ones found in the main, restricted, universe and multiverse repository.

Most of the times, there is no way to use Ubuntu standard tools (like Apport) to report bugs against non-Ubuntu packages. You have just two options when you find a bug in a package provided by a PPA:

If you think the bug is also in the Ubuntu "official" package, then remove the PPA package and test the Ubuntu package. If the bug can be reproduced, use ubuntu-bug to report it.
If the bug is only in the PPA package, you should get in touch with the maintainer(s) of the PPA. They will give you instructions about how to report the bug.


How to install Ubuntu Server on HP ProLiant MicroServer Gen8?

You need to run the onboard Raid controller in ACHI mode (BIOS setting), as there are no released RAID drivers for 14.04 (just some in development ones that are not frequently updated).
Downside of this, is if you need Raid, you will have to install a separate controller card or use software Raid.

For more details , see my answer: https://askubuntu.com/a/498137/48474


How to switch graphics card on macbook pro (mid 2012) with ubuntu in dual boot

There is a switch utility associated with nvidia drivers that may be helpful (described on askubuntu here).  The answer in the link suggests installing the nvidia-prime package (in addition to the appropriate driver, which can be found using the command ubuntu-drivers devices).  After installation, check the adapter with the command

prime-select query

and, if needed, switch to Intel with the command

sudo prime-select intel

there is also a GUI (described in the link).


How to get Scilab 6.0.0 working on Ubuntu 17.10?

I suggest that you backtrack to an earlier version and install the scilab 5.5 package from the default Ubuntu 17.10 repositories. Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install scilab

In April when Ubuntu 18.04 is released, you can upgrade to Ubuntu 18.04 and get scilab 6.0 back again.


finally, according to my bug report

we have at least a reliable workaround, which consists of changing the default renderer using the following command

lpadmin -p PRINTER-NAME -o pdftops-renderer-default=pdftops

of course, you have to change PRINTER-NAME accordingly to your printer

give it a try, and just in case you want to go back to the default settings you can use

lpadmin -p PRINTER-NAME -R pdftops-renderer-default


User can log in with old and new passwords

I made a change to the common-auth file located in /etc/pam.d/ and this has resolved the problem. (I copied over the file from a system that worked to the one that didn't)

Non working file:

auth required pam_group.so use_first_pass
auth [success=3 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure try_first_pass
auth [success=2 default=ignore] pam_ccreds.so minimum_uid=1000 action=validate use_first_pass
auth [default=ignore] pam_ccreds.so minimum_uid=1000 action=update

Working file:

auth required pam_group.so use_first_pass
auth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure try_first_pass


I can no longer browse files on an android phone

Huawei P10. The same. gMTP did the trick.
- Start gMTP,
- Switch from charging to MTP mode (on the phone),
- "Connect" - button in gMTP.
- Very Long Wait,
- gMtp shows a dialog (internal memory/SD card),
- Select desired one,
- one more Very Long Wait
- Profit.


Run glxinfo | grep renderer on the terminal. You should read something like Gallium 0.4 on llvmpipe (LLVM 0x301).

If glxinfo isn't installed, install it by running sudo apt-get install mesa-utils.


You have a typo in your /etc/network/interfaces file:

In terminal...

gksudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

Change this:

iface enp4a0 inet dhcp

To this:

iface enp4s0 inet dhcp

Then reboot your computer.

And also, replace your r8169 driver:

In terminal...

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install r8168-dkms

reboot

Lastly, make sure that your MTU setting in your Wired Connection network profile is set for 1500 or automatic. Same thing in your router.


How do I find the .desktop information for a given binary?

If you want to do it programmatically, use python-gmenu.  It wraps the libgnome-menu2 API for Python.

That API lets you iterate over all the desktop directories that are currently configured and includes any overrides or modifications the user has customized.  Then you just query each file to see if it's Exec line matches what you expect.

I couldn't find any documentation for either library, but liberal use of "import gmenu; dir(gmenu)" and looking over /usr/include/gnome-menus/gmenu-tree.h should help.


Set launch option for feh when using thunar

Copy over /usr/share/applications/feh.desktop to ~/.local/share/applications/ and change the Exec= to match what is shown below.

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Feh
Name[fr_FR]=Feh
Name[de_DE]=Feh
GenericName=Image viewer
GenericName[fr_FR]=Visualisateur d'image
GenericName[de_DE]=Bildbetrachter
Comment=Image viewer
Comment[fr_FR]=Visualisateur d'image
Comment[de_DE]=Bildbetrachter
Exec=feh --scale-down --auto-zoom %F
Icon=image-viewer
Type=Application
StartupNotify=false
NoDisplay=true
Hidden=false
Terminal=false
Categories=Graphics;Viewer;
MimeType=image/jpeg;image/png;image/gif;image/tiff;image/bmp;image/x-icon;image/x-xpixmap;image/x-xbitmap;

Now, when you double-click on an image in Thunar, it should open with feh --scale-down --auto-zoom.


I want to copy a directory from one place to another via the command line

The -a flag is probably what you are looking for:

cp -a /path/from /path/to

The -a flag turns on recursive behaviour (which can also be done with the -R flag), and will also attempt to preserve metadata such as file ownership, permissions, timestamps, links, etc.

You should only need to use sudo if you are copying to a location not owned by the current user, if the current user doesn't have read permissions for the files being copied, or if you want to preserve ownership on files not owned by the current user.


You mentioned having tried most of the cli's to resolve apt-get issues.  You might first try:

$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

After that, try going thought your list again with these included:

$ sudo apt-get autoremove
$ sudo apt-get --purge remove && sudo apt-get autoclean
$ sudo apt-get -f install
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure -a
$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
$ sudo apt remove --purge [problem package]

The last command is the name of the problem package(s) that were processing to cause the error.  Replace the brackets and command with the name of the problem package.  If it's more than one remove each one.

Those commands (all of them) have always resolved my broken packages issues.  There are occasions where I have to repeat the list of commands more than once to get everything cleared up.


How do I highlight a word or a phrase in a command's output?

According to this StackOverflow question, you can use grep -E --color

For example if you want to highlight the word "product" you can do this :

lshw | grep -E --color 'product|'

To highlight the word "product" with output in less you can do this :

lshw | grep -E --color=always 'product|' | less -R


The Kindle Paperwhite is mounted as a simple USB storage disk. There is no need for a special software to read/write data from it.

To manage otherwise purchased ebooks, I use and recommend Calibre.


Ubuntu only Boots after Booting Windows and Restarting

your graphics card might be causing this.

try to enter into ubuntu with "nomodeset"

when you see the grub, highlight to "Ubuntu" and press e to edit the kernal parameters.
go to the line starting with "linux" and find the string ro quiet splash
add the text nomodeset in between "ro quiet splash". now it should look like this ro nomodeset quiet splash
press Ctrl+x or F10 to boot.
Once you enter into Ubuntu.. try to install the rite drivers for your graphics card.


Downloaded snaps are stored in /var/lib/snapd/cache/.
Removing a snap will not remove files in this folder, even if you use the --purge-option.
Unless you removed the corresponding file(s) manually or a new version of the snap is available you can install the snap again without the need to download it again.


Is it possible to have duplicated folders on /home folder new partition as an error?

It's not true duplication, per se.

One of those views of the file (the encrypted ones that actually gets written to disk) is in /home/.ecryptfs.  The other ones (the decrypted ones) are just a virtual view presented by the kernel.  They don't take up any additional disk space.


How to proceed so that I can scan ? Canon DR-M160

Just from your Dash search for the scanning default app named simple scan. Open it and you can use your scanner.

Refer to this and this for more info.


It's just a panel, delete it. Just right-click on the panel, and click remove:


What does identity file type mean in SSH debug messages?

Identity file is simply a private key (or cert), usually created by running ssh-keygen. This will by default create an RSA key, but you can change that with the -t option. According to your output, you have an RSA and an ECDSA key.

The number in identity file type .../.ssh/id_* type <number>  is just the integer value (zero based) of the sshkey_types enum and -1 meaning error (as with most POSIX functions). You can see that the file names contain also the key type:

enum sshkey_types {
KEY_RSA, // id_rsa has type 0
KEY_DSA, // id_dsa has type 1, but as you have no id_dsa key file, -1 is used
KEY_ECDSA, // id_ecdsa has type 2
...

The error messages key_load_public: No such file or directory after the identity file... messages is strange, it seems that the corresponding public key files got deleted. They carry the same file name as the private key with an added .pub suffix. This is not tragic, as the public key can be regenerated from the private key (but not vice versa, for obvious reasons) with ssh-keygen -y.

The debug output is explained in this nice Wikibooks article about OpenSSH logging. In short: The number in the debug[123]: ... line prefix indicates the debug level of the message behind it. It corresponds to the number of -vs you gave on the command line (with 3 being the maximum). I.e., if you set -v, debug1 messages will get printed, with -vv you will get debug1 and debug2 etc. (It's a little strange that you get debug3 messages even though you only gave a single -v, though)


Tomboy synchronization with Ubuntu One fails

There's a bug on launchpad for this error with a number of different fixes that have worked for some and not worked for others.


After upgrading to Ubuntu 18.04 I am asked for "live user password" and cannot log in

Ubuntu asks for live user password when the computer is booting because the Ubuntu live DVD that you used to install Ubuntu is still in the DVD tray, and the computer is booting to an Ubuntu live session instead of to the Ubuntu OS which you installed on the hard disk. It's not necessary to reset the administrative password if the computer is booting to a live session, just prevent the computer from booting to that live session anymore (without changing the password of the Ubuntu OS which is installed on the hard disk) and after that Ubuntu will boot normally.

Open the CD/DVD tray manually by pressing its open button when the computer is booting. You can do this at any time or by entering the BIOS utility, ejecting the optical drive tray, removing the Ubuntu live DVD, closing the optical drive tray and then exiting from the BIOS without saving any changes. After the live DVD is removed, Ubuntu will be able to boot and login normally.


Boot process of Android installed in VirtualBox seems to get stuck

A YouTube user by the name foodisgood1989 has posted the following solution which has fixed this error for me:

  In the system tab under settings for the android machine uncheck "Hardware clock in utc time" in the display tab set graphics controller to "VBoxVGA" and enable 3d hardware acceleration.


No home screen after installing software in Ubuntu Software

I was having this same problem but I think I figured out a workaround.

Right click on an icon on your dash and click Show Details.  This causes the Ubuntu Software app to open to a different app which allows you to take control again.


There are literally too many browsers to list:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WebBrowsers
https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/department/web-browsers/

I personally use Chrome, and Firefox as a backup. If I couldn't use Firefox, I'd try Chromium (which is not chrome). I've heard it's okay too.

The second issue is that this is definitely not normal behavior for Firefox, given that I have almost no information about your system.

If I were you, I'd seriously look at what's going on, especially if it's accessing your paypal.


Get PHP7.3 working with Apache2 on Ubuntu18.04

I got it to work by doing:

a2enconf php7.3-fpm

After this, phpinfo.php works and is no longer displayed as text.


If it really is a kernel panic then it won't be written into a log via normal methods. Since the kernel has at this point crashed, writing into the filesystem is a risky operation - not much of the kernel can be trusted anymore, so writes into logs might actually be spewing random crap over your bootloader!

Instead, you can dump the contents of memory into your swap, and then debug it later. This is known as a kernel crash / core dump.

The Ubuntu Wiki has a CrashdumpRecipe that may be useful - though it looks a bit out of date, I don't think too much should have changed.


How do I convert an official Ubuntu installation to the official Ubuntu GNOME one?

Although I have read in your comments that you are already satisfied - the only real solution for your explicit question "How do I install the official Ubuntu GNOME distribution over an existing Ubuntu?" is that you have to perform a clean installation of Ubuntu GNOME, because this is the only way to get the official distribution.

Adding a "3rd party repository" and installing the GNOME desktop just adds another desktop environment to those ones you already have installed - not less, not more. So, to replace your current edition with Ubuntu GNOME you need to download the ISO file, create an installation media and install it to your disk. Here you find all available ISO files : Ubuntu GNOME releases

You can get close to Ubuntu GNOME by installing the meta-package ubuntu-gnome-desktop, which includes everything installed by Ubuntu GNOME and then uninstall your current desktop environment, but well, that is quite a lot of work where many things might go wrong ...
again, this answers the original question how to install the official Ubuntu GNOME distribution.

Update and some clarification - because now the question was changed to how do I convert ...
It seems to be a matter of wording, so : you can not convert one distribution to another, but you can add and remove desktop environments to an existing distribution.

Conclusion : It is up to you to decide - if you want to just use the GNOME DE, you can install it, if you want to have the official Ubuntu GNOME distribution, you have to install Ubuntu GNOME.

Please bear in mind that working with different desktop environments needs some advanced knowledge how to fix possible issues such as that one you described in your other question. :)


Is it possible to use the same java application with out any changes as a charm?

Answers:

Anything that will run on Ubuntu can be charmed.  Without knowing more about your application, you could expose the input data as a configuration parameter on the charm in config.yaml file within the charm. After the application is installed and the configuration parameter (input data) is set (juju set charmname input-data="cat input_file") , the application could be triggered to compute the output.
Most of the time it is possible to charm up an application without changing the application.  The install hook would need to install a JRE (apt-get install default-jre) in this example and the config-changed hook could trigger/call the application when the input has been set (for example: java org.rastin.Application input_data_file)
I do not know the details of your application, so hard to answer this question.  Often no rewrite is needed, you just need to write the hook logic to install and configure the application in the charm.

Hope that helps!


Can you force open links that create a new tab, in the same tab?

You can add a little user script to break target="_blank":

var a = document.getElementsByTagName("a");
for (i=0; i<a.length; i++)
    if (a[i].target == "_blank")
        a[i].target = "_self";

How you get something like that to run is another question.

You need to run Chromium with --enable-user-scripts so you need to alter your launchers (right click the menu, edit menus, etc). The command should be:

chromium-browser %U --enable-user-scripts

Then you need to save the script:

mkdir ~/.config/chromium/Default/User\ Scripts/
gedit ~/.config/chromium/Default/User\ Scripts/target-eater.user.js

Paste in the script, save and edit gedit. Launch chromium with --enable-user-scripts and the script should automatically load and start nuking _blanks


Looks like the "got insecure response" is the issue.  Found this solution from StackOverflow:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/14923549/1692452

This is related to the new DNSSEC feature which is now enabled by default. This might indicate the DNS resolvers/forwarders you are using does not support DNSSEC so the response appear to be insecure to your server.
You can either use resolvers that support DNSSEC or temporarily disable the feature on your server. To disable it, simply use those parameters in your “named.conf” :
dnssec-enable no; dnssec-validation no;


Pulseaudio changing default source not applied to applications that were running before

I found the answer in the pulseaudio documentation at https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/DefaultDevice/

There is an option restore_device for module module-stream-restore which you can set to false, with the following in /etc/pulse/default.pa I get the desired behavior:

load-module module-stream-restore restore_device=false


Why do I always have to type in my password?

I do not know why everyone is downvoting, it is a valid question, I gave you an upvote.

Linux is not windows and a number of features are different. You will probably have better luck if you ask about Ubuntu and drop the comparison to windows.

At any rate, this is an important security feature (sudo) see https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo for general information.

If you find the "time out" annoying, you can configure sudo to not use a time out.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo#Reset_sudo_timeout

which links to https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudoTimeout

As this is an important security feature, I prefer you read the links and ask questions, thank you.


Enable Exim system filter with split configuration

Create a file called 30_exim4-config_system_filter in /etc/exim4/conf.d/main which contains the following:

# System wide filter:
#  http://exim.org/exim-html-current/doc/html/spec_html/ch-systemwide_message_filtering.html
system_filter = /etc/mail/exim.filter
system_filter_user = Debian-exim
system_filter_group = Debian-exim
system_filter_file_transport = address_file
system_filter_pipe_transport = address_pipe
# System wide filter end.

Then run the following commands:

sudo exim -bF /etc/mail/exim.filter < /etc/mail/spam-test
sudo update-exim4.conf
sudo service exim4 restart

Your new filter should be working...


All what you have to do is a system reset(reboot) since all done by xinput is not permanent, which means all of your work is gone when you reboot, so you just have to do that.

To make xinput permanent refer to those:

How to make xinput settings persist after devices are unplugged, replugged, and after shutdown, restart, etc?
How to Make an xinput Command Persistent After Standby
Making the xinput --set-button-map changes permanent


...so how do I explain to my security auditor, "I know it's not the
  latest version but it's not vulnerable because a third party
  supposedly fixed the vulnerability in a maintenance release that is
  dated prior to when the vulnerability was originally reported." ?

That's about right, as far as the explanation goes. If it doesn't make sense to you or security auditors, I am sorry, but that is the way most Linux distros (Debian, *buntus, RHEL, CentOS) have been working for years. I rather doubt it's going to change soon, so, may be Ubuntu is just not for you, and you should look at something like Arch Linux, Debian unstable, or other OSs.

PS: You can check what's been fixed in a package in Ubuntu with the following:

apt-get changelog pkgname

For example, apt-get changelog openssh-server looks like this:

  openssh (1:6.6p1-2ubuntu2.3) trusty-security; urgency=medium

  SECURITY REGRESSION: random auth failures because of uninitialized
  struct field (LP: #1485719)

  debian/patches/CVE-2015-5600-2.patch:

  -- Marc Deslauriers   Mon, 17 Aug 2015
  21:52:52 -0 400

  openssh (1:6.6p1-2ubuntu2.2) trusty-security; urgency=medium

  SECURITY UPDATE: possible user impersonation via PAM support

  debian/patches/pam-security-1.patch: don't resend username to PAM in
  monitor.c, monitor_wrap.c.
  CVE number pending   * SECURITY UPDATE: use-after-free in PAM support
  debian/patches/pam-security-2.patch: fix use after free in monitor.c.
  CVE number pending

  ...


error: Cannot find OpenSceneGraph 3.2 or later

You have to install package with development headers by
sudo apt-add-repository universe
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libopenscenegraph-dev

and then resume compilation.


As has been determined in the comments, the ~/.profile not being loaded is the root cause of the issue. The solution is to either start the shell with --login option or relocate the variable declaration and export into ~/.bashrc file so that it is available in every interactive shell.


Abnormally High Fan Speed on Cool Laptop, Dell Inspiron 15R 5520, Ubuntu 14.04,

I recently figured out how to fix the fan issues in Ubuntu 14.04 on my Dell laptop. I found out about a program called TLP, which is a power management tool that automatically adjusts my cpu frequency and the power usage of other hardware. The site for TLP is here but you can search for and find it in the Software Center. Anyway, once it installed, it immediately fixed the fan issue. Now my fans run quietly, only speeding up when necessary. I restarted my computer several times to verify if it worked, and indeed, my fans were working like normal.

To everyone who posted, I thank you for your replies and efforts to help me out.

UPDATE

TLP did not remedy the matter; it helped slightly, but the fans still overspeed. I found a working solution and posted it as an answer to another thread of mine, here: Persistent High-Fan Speed Ubuntu 14.04. Thanks again for your assistance in this matter.

-Jordan


Magnet Links open Deluge but don't start the torrent

When you click the magnet link and Deluge opens, does it actually add the torrent to the queue?

I currently have the issue where clicking a magnet link will open Deluge but will not add the torrent.

As a workaround, you should be able to right click on the magnet link and copy the link address, then in Deluge go to File > Add Torrent > URL


Kernel above 5.0 could manage your function keys.

You could also try  acpi_osi=Linux acpi_osi=! acpi_osi="Windows 2009" in older kernel


installing windows 10 with only ubuntu 16.04 currently on ssd

The general rule of thumb is to install Windows first and then install Ubuntu second whilst selecting the "dual boot" option. That said, you don't have to wipe out Ubuntu, but create a partition for Windows to be installed into. In your case I'd go 400GB for windows and 100GB for Ubuntu. It all depends on where your multi-media files and games will be stored of course but I presume the bulk would be in Windows.

I've been hearing horror stories of how Windows 10 updates wipe out Linux in some situations (fast boot?). So backups are more important than ever today.


Is it possible to periodically repeat a dhcp request?

You can use cron for that.

Open a console and as root type:

crontab -e

Insert a line that executes the dhclient

  00 * * * *  dhclient eth0

This runs the command dhclient for the network card eth0 every hour (00)

You must change the time for the one you want, and the network card for yours.

If you want to know how cron works:


Ubuntu 16.04 Complicated Interface Names

Tested on VBox with Ubuntu 16.04, enp0s3 → eth0

Option 1:

Override udev rule

sudo ln -s /dev/null /etc/udev/rules.d/80-net-setup-link.rules

Update RAMDisk

sudo update-initramfs -u

Option 2:

Create a systemd link file

sudo vim /etc/systemd/network/10-eth.link

Let's define name related to MAC: (There are many options, see the linked reference)

[Match]
MACAddress=08:00:27:de:dd:4c

[Link]
Name=eth0

Update RAMDisk

sudo update-initramfs -u

Option 3:

Add net.ifnames=0 to boot parameters

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash net.ifnames=0"

Update grub

sudo update-grub

Reference: systemd: Predictable Network Interface Names, Thanks @mikewhatever .


connect / ssh as root using a script without everytime typing the password

On your target server add username ALL=NOPASSWD: ALL as a final line to /etc/sudoers file.

This will allow you to run sudo comands from the name of your user without inputing password.


GUI search tool that searches by modified date by default?

I found a pretty effective solution: I use Gnome Search Tool, which allows me to search only files that have been modified within a certain number of days. Though the results are not sorted by modified date, the number of search results is so dramatically reduced that it's never hard to find the file I'm after.


Since this seems to be a fixed-width column, you can just cut the corresponding characters. The widest column Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism seems to be 44 characters wide, so:

$ cut -c1-44 foo
ABC transporters
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism
Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis
Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism
Arachidonic acid metabolism


Connection timed out when connecting to a website (ubuntu only)

Run tcpdump using something like this:

tcpdump -nieth0 -s0 -w/tmp/dump.pcap port 80 or icmp

or if you are not logged in as root

    sudo tcpdump -nieth0 -s0 -w/tmp/dump.pcap port 80 or icmp

Attempt to access the website.
Press Ctrl+C on tcpdump and then use the wireshark program to examine the capture file (/tmp/dump.pcap).  You can find Wireshark in the software centre.
Do the same for a website that does work, and look for relevant differences.
Do the same but at the hosting end.


Ubuntu filesystem is running out of space?

Try running JDiskReport (http://www.jgoodies.com/freeware/jdiskreport/).  The developer says "JDiskReport enables you to understand how much space the files and directories consume on your disk drives, and it helps you find obsolete files and folders. The tool analyses your disk drives and collects several statistics which you can view as overview charts and details tables."

You could also try running BleachBit (https://www.bleachbit.org) which will allow you to preview and/or delete files.  The developer says "With BleachBit you can free cache, delete cookies, clear Internet history, shred temporary files, delete logs, and discard junk you didn't know was there."


Did you download from here?

Open the terminal and navigate to the download location (may be cd /home/user/Desktop or /home/user/Downloads). Then, unpack the compressed file with this command:

tar xjvf sunbird*.tar.bz2

Then, navigate to the directory that was formed (cd /home/user/Downloads/sunbird/) and start the sunbird script.

./sunbird

If you want to run it in the background, use the & key like this:

./sunbird &

If you get a permissions error, then run this command before trying again with ./sunbird

chmod u+x sunbird

You can also do this with the Archive Manager by extracting the folder and running the same sunbird script.


Apple Cinema LED Display: using regular brightness controls?

A.F.A.I.K. there is only one device that gets affected by the brightness controls (and it is supposed to be the internal display).
Which one is controlled by kernel parameters for example, when it comes to issues.
A good writeup on that can be found here:
http://hansdegoede.livejournal.com/13889.html

To get to what you want: I guess you can just write a simple script that sends those commands and map them to keys?
You can get the key events by using evemu-record as root.
If you look in that direction I am sure you can figure it out.

If you want to go the kernel way, check what options like acpi_backlight=native or acpi_backlight=vendor do.
I know the latter makes a device specific entry, that is probably changeable to the one you created.

Good luck and let us know how it goes :).


How to upgrade python in ubuntu 14.04 LTS?

Looks like you downloaded it and are trying to compile from source.  Here's a link to a stackoverflow question I think might work for you - someone with the same issue.  Essentially you need to install openssl before compiling python from source.
Compiling Python 3.4 is not copying pip


I cant launch wine application from terminal

The problem seem to goes away after I install latest version of wine, app launched normally without eror this time


Installation problem ubuntu 12.04 with hp Pavilion dv4 3006tx laptop

Try to read and apply the advice in this link
Is It Possible to Install 11.10 on an HP Pavilion g7 Notebook?

Since you have ATI/Radeon graphics card you'll prolly have to install the latest AMD drivers for that (advice given at the end of the thread link above). This next link is also helpful with a lot of info and screen shots

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1613132

Hope this helps. It helped me at least.
Have a nice day


You may not have Wine set as a default.  You can right click on it and go to properties and Open With.  You also have to hit other applications and select the version of Wine that you want to use.


How do I convert image and audio into avi video file?

Get the real ffmpeg. The fake ffmpeg from the repository is buggy. This command will download a recent static build of ffmpeg, so there is no installation required and it will not interfere with anything from the repository:

wget http://ffmpeg.gusari.org/static/32bit/ffmpeg.static.32bit.$(date +"%F").tar.gz
tar xzvf ffmpeg.static.32bit.$(date +"%F").tar.gz

Run the commands (note the ./ before ffmpeg):

convert mp3 audio to avi without video channel

./ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -map 0:a -codec:a copy output.avi

convert jpg image to avi without sound

./ffmpeg -loop 1 -i input.jpg -codec:v copy -t 10 output.avi

Notes:

The album art in MP3 files is considered to be a video stream by ffmpeg. Since you wanted no video using -map 0:a tells ffmpeg to copy only the audio stream from input 0 (the first input is 0, and in your case it is also the only input). Otherwise the default behavior is to include one stream per stream type from the input to the output (see stream selection for more info). Alternatively, -vn can be used instead.
-codec:a copy will enable stream copy mode. This just re-muxes the stream, so there is no re-encoding and no loss of audio quality.
-loop 1 will loop the input file, and -t 10 creates a 10 second output; otherwise it will loop forever. If you want a certain number of frames use -vframes instead.
By default the input image will have a frame rate of 25. If you want to change that then use -r as an input option (before -i). The output will then inherit the input frame rate. If you want to change the output frame rate as well, then add another -r as an output option. ffmpeg will then drop or duplicate frames to reach your desired output frame rate.
AVI is a container format and can use a variety of audio and video formats, so if something claims to only support "AVI" then you should ask for more specific information.


When will Ubuntu 18.04 get kernel version 5.3?

You can install 5.3 at any time on any Ubuntu distribution but that is only recommended when you have new hardware not supported by installed kernels. You can also subscribe to HWE and eventually get 5.3 or even higher.

To install manually you can select from 5.3.1 through 5.3.5 kernels released by Ubuntu:

For full instructions (and warnings) see:

How to update kernel to the latest mainline version without any Distro-upgrade?


I fixed this issue by making sure the driver I was installing was compatible with my kernel version. I am currently using kernel 4.14.18-300 and installed NVIDIA driver version 384.111 because it said it fixed issues similar to what you were having.


Gnome 3 Reconfigured Nautilus! How Do I Get It Back to Normal?

Since ubuntu-desktop depends on nautilus, you can and should re-install that as well to avoid future problems:

sudo apt-get install -f ubuntu-desktop

This will install Nautilus as a side-effect.

You can also just reinstall Nautilus with the following command:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall nautilus


Grub error: /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 7: /etc/default/grub: splash: not found

Please look closely at the line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=“quiet splash pci=use_crs“

You will see the “ should be ", perhaps you copied and pasted it from some where. Please re-write that line and use your keyboard don't copy and paste.
And the line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="splash quiet"

has its entry repeated in

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash pci=use_crs"

Make that line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""


Risk of continuing to use kernel 5.4.0-56-generic that was removed from the repositories on 12-9-2020?

A major regression with potential for significant & likely data loss was discovered after being distributed with a security upgrade. The affected packages were removed from the Release files, as no immediate replacement was ready.
The bug appears to be triggered or caused by a performance-motivated change in the granularity of discard operations on md-backed software RAID1 and was replicated to lead to significant corruption during standard usage in typical RAID10 setups.

Impacted users may want to take action before the next scheduled run
by downgrading the running kernel or temporarily disabling the fstrim
job. -- comment 12 on LP: #1907262

Option 1 - continuing on the -56 version means:

you will lose data if you are using such raid setup (or if the original assessment that only those setups are affected was too narrow!)
you will eventually upgrade to a fixed version, as such version will be a assigned a higher version than the now orphaned one, automatic removals should deal with the old version then

Option 2 - Reverting to a previous version means:

undoing the security upgrades it was bundled with (bad!)
possibility of breaking automatic upgrades depending on your method (note you might not need to install/uninstall anything - just boot a different kernel from grub this one time!)

Option 3 - Upgrading to the (since released, but only being prepared for -proposed at the time this question was posed) replacement -58 means:

you keep the security-motivated fixes
you get everything in -56, minus a small number of RAID1 patches likely being the reason for the regression
if the -56 versions contained additional regression, those will be occur in -58 as well

Recommendation:

investigate whether the bug might have affected them and then
proceed using the -58 or following versions.

In any case, you are affected by two additional risks:

Possibility of future versions reintroducing this or similar bugs with less time to test for because Ubuntu is lagging behind upstream further because of this extra step (v5.4.73 has two upstream bug fixes to catch up to: v5.4.78, v5.4.83)
Possibility of future versions shipping broken dependencies because replacing -oem&-oem-osp1 meta-packages with -generic happened right before so getting everything right in the nest version could plausibly cause some extra headache for maintainers.

How did I figure? There is a bot creating these hard to read but somewhat useful tracking bugs about all kernel releases, and someone marked the tracking bug for the latest version 55.4.0-58.64 as a re-spin to proceed without some of the usual tests. It appears to go back from the v5.4.78 upstream to v5.4.73. We can assume that or some later version will be promoted to the regular -security & -updates channel and applied to systems receiving upgrades just fine, even if they already have upgraded to the orphaned version.


Tool to convert PDF file into separate HTML files?

pdftohtml is probably what you're looking for.

Info about the package: packages.ubuntu.com/lucid/pdftohtml


How to make users with UID under 1000 appear in LightDM?

Lightdm has the config file /etc/lightdm/users.conf which you can edit to set a minimum UID.  The default is 500.  It also sets hidden users and certain shells that if a user has are hidden.  Try editing that file and restarting lightdm.

[UserAccounts]
minimum-uid=500
hidden-users=nobody nobody4 noaccess
hidden-shells=/bin/false /usr/sbin/nologin


How do I get out of file comparison and back to the upgrade

You are viewing the output of diff old-conf-file new-conf-file | more.

Simply press Q to exit.


Windows 7 doesn't boot; no device, invalid sig

It works again. I modified /etc/grub.d/40_custom like so:

menuentry "Windows 7" {
    insmod ntfs
    set root=(hd0,1)
    search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 468cef828cef6abf
    chainloader +1
}

Either the solution was this, or Windows simply didn't feel like booting the last time I tried.


Checking if each 'block' has less then 5 lines with specific character

Assuming your criterion can be expressed as the number of lines matching regular expression /PDB; [^;]*; X-ray/ you could do something like

awk -vRS= -F'\n' '
  {c=0; for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) c += $i ~ /PDB; [^;]*; X-ray/ ? 1 : 0} c >= 5
'

or (slightly neater, IMHO)

perl -F'\n' -00ne 'print unless (grep { /PDB; [^;]*; X-ray/ } @F) < 5'

Ex.

$ perl -F'\n' -00ne 'print unless (grep { /PDB; [^;]*; X-ray/ } @F) < 5' file
AAPK2_HUMAN Homo sapiens    P54646  PDB; 2H6D; X-ray; 1.85 A; A=6-279.
                    PDB; 2LTU; NMR; -; A=282-339.
                    PDB; 2YZA; X-ray; 3.02 A; A=6-279.
                    PDB; 3AQV_TAK.pdb; X-ray; 2.08 A; A=6-279.
                    PDB; 4CFE; X-ray; 3.02 A; A/C=1-552.
                    PDB; 4CFF; X-ray; 3.92 A; A/C=1-552.
                    PDB; 4ZHX_4O7_C1V_C2Z.pdb; X-ray; 2.99 A; A/C=2-552.
                    PDB; 5EZV_C1V_C2Z_STU.pdb; X-ray; 2.99 A; A/C=2-347, A/C=397-552.
                    PDB; 5ISO_992_STU.pdb; X-ray; 2.63 A; A/C=1-552.

ABC3B_HUMAN Homo sapiens    Q9UH17  PDB; 2NBQ; NMR; -; A=187-382.
                    PDB; 5CQD_GOL.pdb; X-ray; 2.08 A; A/C=187-378.
                    PDB; 5CQH; X-ray; 1.73 A; A=187-378.
                    PDB; 5CQI; X-ray; 1.68 A; A=187-378.
                    PDB; 5CQK_GOL_PGE.pdb; X-ray; 1.88 A; A=187-378.
                    PDB; 5TD5; X-ray; 1.72 A; A=187-378.
                    PDB; 5TKM; X-ray; 1.90 A; A/B=1-191.


Choppy video in vlc even with hardware acceleration on ATI Radeon HD 6900

Try upgrading to VLC 2.0.1 if possible.

What processor are you using? The CPU alone should be able to handle 1080p H264 video. That is assuming, of course, that your CPU is decent, and I base that assumption on you having a Radeon HD 6900 series graphics card.


"Battery not present" Dell Inspiron 14-7437 [Kubuntu-14.04]

I've looked things up a little bit more and couldn't really find the exact solution matching my problem on a Dell-Laptop but I've read of some people having similar problems with toshiba's batteries and finally found a way to get mine correctly detected. All I needed to do was add a kernel parameter at pc-startup.

To do this follow these steps:

type in a terminal -> sudo nano /etc/default/grub
locate this line -> GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
add acpi_osi=Linux param -> GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux"
save and exit the editor
update grub -> sudo update-grub
right click the KDE system tray and check "battery monitor" in the additional items (you can also configure it to show on "auto" mode or "always"; auto shows it only when the pc is running on battery)
reboot

Notes:

what acpi_osi=Linux does is telling the BIOS that the running O.S. is/will be linux, just that
step6 was needed because that item didn't get included by default since the system thought no battery was available

Conclusions:

Adding acpi_osi=Linux to the kernel parameters perfectly fixes my battery detection problem, if you have the exact same laptop model as mine it will surely work for you too; it might also work for the other Inspirons laptops belonging to the 7000 serie as well.

Hope this answer can help.


Ubuntu 12.10 Can't install any apps due Stranger error

do this in your terminal:

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

sudo apt-get update

hope that solves your issue.


If you have the source it usually contains README and INSTALL to guide you through installation process.

Basically untar the source and cd to the folder

./configure
sudo make
sudo make install

is the most know way of building and installing from source.

Also some source may have install scripts like install.sh which would make it much more easier as in the case of above link. You may try running sh install.sh as well.


If you want the latest version of flash installed, you will have to install Chrome at https://www.google.com/intl/en/chrome/browser/

Flash for Linux will be the latest version in Chrome only at the moment.

http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-install-google-chrome-in-ubuntu-linux-12-xx-13-xx/ has instructions on how to install Chrome once you download it.

Chrome and Flash will show up in the update manager when a new version come out.  Therefore, once you install Chrome, you can install the latest version of Chrome and Flash easily.

Once you install Chrome, you can remove flash through the Ubuntu Software Manager since Chrome has Flash built-in.


"You are not the owner" when trying to copy files to a flash drive

Mount flash drive & device hard disk
Open a terminal and do the copy with root permissions.
sudo cp -R /media/YOUR_HARD_DISK /media/YOUR_FLASH_DRIVE. Theorically you shouldn't be asked for any password. If you don't know mountpoints' names, you could run cat /etc/mtab and search for your partition.
You can also become owner of the files (I wouldn't recommend this) by typing chown -R $USER /media/YOUR_HARD_DISK. Then you should be able to copy files using the file manager.
You can also give everyone reading access to the files. Type chmod -R a+x /media/YOUR_HARD_DISK

Hopes this helps.
Giacomo


Is there a particular ID given to the terminals(Command Prompt) i opened in Linux Machine

Yes, you can use the tty command to find out which device file corresponds to your current terminal.

  tty - print the file name of the terminal connected to standard input

It should usually respond with a path in the form

/dev/ttyX (X in range 1-6) if you are in a real TTY (Ctrl+Alt+F1 - F6), or
/dev/pty/X (X >= 0) if you are in a pseudo-TTY, which is usually the case for terminal emulators like gnome-terminal or xterm as well as remote shell connections via ssh.

These file descriptors clearly identify your current terminal. There are no two terminals with the same ID at a time, but the IDs become free again once you close one and might be reused by the next terminal you open.


bridge ext_br not displayed in brctl show command

It is not necessary to rename interfaces using udev rules, as the default names used are already persistent without any udev rules.  Unless you have other software which has to be able to refer to your interface as eth0 (unlikely since you're adding it to a bridge rather than configuring it for ip traffic directly), it is recommended to use the default names of ens3, etc.

This would also more clearly expose a problem in your config, which is that you appear to be renaming a physical interface to ext_br via udev and treating it as a bridge.  Bridges don't work this way, they are purely virtual devices that you add physical interfaces to only via the interfaces: key.

It is unclear if the ifconfig is actually the result of the netplan config you've posted, since that config shows several indentation errors, differences in IP addresses, etc. It is likely that the state of the ext_br interface is the result of some earlier iteration of your config, and the current configuration fails to apply.

You should delete the udev rule that renames an interface to ext_br, reboot, and try your netplan config again.


Parse network configuration file (/etc/network/interfaces) with Python

Here you can find a Awk script that can parse and modify /etc/network/interface, good starting point.


Ubuntu and Windows 10 dual boot issue on a toshiba sattelite P 50 A 11 L

Maybe a Windows update or upgrade enabled hibernation and fast startup.
Boot into Windows system and disable hibernation and fast startup.
Open command prompt as administrator and execute:

powercfg /h off

Open the old version of the Windows Control Panel.
Go to the Power Settings and uncheck fast startup.
Shutdown the computer completely (not restart).
Boot into BIOS and select Ubuntu as default OS.


"connect to address x.x.x.x port nnnnn Connection refused"

Make sure your sshd.service is running:

$ systemctl status sshd

If it is not running, run it:

$ sudo systemctl start sshd

Connection refused could be because of the service is not running, the port is wrong or firewall could block it.

You could allow ssh by the next command:

$ sudo ufw allow ssh

Check if your service is actually running on specified port (replace 22 to your own specified port):

$ sudo lsof -i -n -P | grep "22 "
cupsd       791            root    7u  IPv4  27822      0t0  TCP 127.0.0.1:631 (LISTEN)
sshd      10927            root    3u  IPv4 135947      0t0  TCP *:22 (LISTEN)
sshd      10927            root    4u  IPv6 135949      0t0  TCP *:22 (LISTEN)

Check if you could connect to localhost first:

$ ssh user@localhost -p 22
Welcome to Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 5.4.0-29-generic x86_64)


You can start gparted and try to format a partition.
You'll get a drop down list of all available filesystems.

In addition you can format to exfat that is not supported by gparted.


Ubuntu 13.10 Installer freezes on partition recognition on Alienware M17x

The installation problem is simply solved by opening a terminal and running:

sudo apt-get remove dmraid

...but this just leads to a boot problem.


Torrent magnet links open new window but not transmission

You can change the default handler for magnet links by editing the file .local/share/applications/mimeapps.list. Add the association to the two sections in the file like this (leaving other entries in those sections intact):

[Default Applications]
x-scheme-handler/magnet=transmission-gtk.desktop

[Added Associations]
x-scheme-handler/magnet=transmission-gtk.desktop

Log out and log back in for the change to take effect.


system("echo * > toto") returns an error

This might give insight into what is happening:

$ echo * | tr ' ' '\n' | sort >toto_a

$ ls -d * | tr ' ' '\n' | sort >toto_b
ls: cannot access VirtualBox: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access VMs: No such file or directory

$ diff -u0 toto_a toto_b
--- toto_a  2014-06-30 18:50:41.939160184 +0200
+++ toto_b   2014-06-30 18:50:45.571160103 +0200
@@ -34,2 +33,0 @@
-VirtualBox
-VMs

... now this is assuming that "system()" launches a bash session for echo * >toto

To get more predictable results one might use system("bash -c 'echo * > toto') and maybe add an absolute path to toto.


i am quite sure that is some virus scam.
I bet they try to make you send or receive a paid sms or such a thing. But i am not aware of a method to harm your sim-card.
This looks like an overlay Fullscreen Advertisment from back in the days when not everyone was using addBlock on Desktop Browsers.


To "uninstall" Windows, simply format its partition. You can use various tools for that. Probably gparted would be easiest for you.

IMPORTANT: Make sure to copy the data which you want to preserve. Userspace by default is located in C:\Users\<Username>.

Afterwards, it is as simple as running # update-grub.
Your other partitions will not be affected, however you need to make sure to mount them. This may include editing the /etc/fstab file accordingly.
Linux will have no problem with NTFS (assuming that's the filesystem you use).


How to Change Locale Lang setting in Ubuntu 12.04

I just add to my home profile.

gedit ~/.profile its look like:

LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
LANGUAGE="en_US:en"

Log out + Log in. And all is as expected.


Nagios or Ubuntu Landscape free/personal for two personal servers in different houses

Landscape is certainly capable of doing the things you ask, but installing a Landscape Dedicated Server is somewhat more tricky than setting up nagios.  That said it'd look great on your resume!

Obviously Landscape will also allow you to do things like package management remotely (and have security updates applied automatically, for example).


Use the installation instructions from Wine instead:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key
sudo apt-key add winehq.key
sudo apt-add-repository 'deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ bionic main'
sudo apt update
sudo apt install --install-recommends winehq-stable


Cannot connect to google talk using empathy/pidgin after upgrading

I also faced this problem today. But it does connect, so this may actually be a bug in empathy/pidgin. Report it by typing this in a terminal:

  ubuntu-bug empathy

Replace empathy above with pidgin if you want to report a bug in pidgin.

Thanks!


Have you by chance installed some other desktop environment like xubuntu? This is the gnome software center. Ubuntu’s one is a front end made by Canonical. Nothing to worry about here.


Sorting values and grepping the best score (highest number)

$ sort -k2,2 -u < filename | sort -k4,4n

7  C00000002 score:  -41.156 nathvy =  49 nconfs =         2251
9  C00000004 score:  -38.928 nathvy =  24 nconfs =          150
12 C00000001 score:  -37.558 nathvy =  41 nconfs =           51

Explanation:

sort -k2,2 -u: sorts the lines based on second column and does not change the order of them (cause they're basically the same value) and keep the first one.
sort -k4,4n: sort numerically based on the scores (there is no need for -r to reverse it).


Why can't I install Pipelight on my Samsung Chromebook

The Samsung Chromebook has an ARM CPU. This CPU is similar to that of a smartphone or tablet and is very different from those made by Intel or AMD. The circuits around the CPU are also very different. That's called a different hardware architecture.

To change the hardware architecture you have to get a new Chromebook with Intel architecture.

The programs written for Intel will not work in ARM architecture. The pipelight is one such program.

Hope this helps


Problem displaying pdf files after update to lubuntu 18.04

Opening the file in Adobe Illustrator you'll find out that the glyph font is actually https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbol_(typeface) It likely comes with e.g. Adobe Reader, but not with evince. At the same time you probably don't have the font installed as system font, so there is nothing to fall back to. Props to envince for not silently substituting it with other font.

Last thing that could make this display correctly is if the font was embedded at creation with the file (full info within the pdf itself). However based on https://root-forum.cern.ch/t/embed-fonts-in-pdf/21666/2 ROOT does not allow to embed fonts to keep the file size small.

tl;dr
Make sure the font is set to "Helvetica" which unless on mac will give you Arial, but either way you should be able to display the symbols correctly then.


Ubuntu Touch: Ubuntu Online Accounts - where is the information stored?

The data is stored locally on your phone. Most of the account data is stored in the SQLite database file located in ~/.config/libaccounts-glib/accounts.db, while ACLs (access control lists, that is the list of apps authorized to use an account) are stored in ~/.config/signond/signon.db and passwords in ~/.config/signond/signon-secrets.db.

The last file does not exist on the Unity7 desktop, where passwords are stored in the GNOME keyring instead.


GNOME Custom Desktop file with icon not showing

You need to update the icon cache after manually adding those icons. To do that, launch Terminal and run the following command

sudo update-icon-caches /usr/share/icons/*


You should try Wine for that - https://www.winehq.org/. It is a compatibility layer used for running Windows applications on Linux, though not all of them. To find out whether your desired program works in Wine, visit https://appdb.winehq.org/ and do a search.


Tunerstudio has a guide on installation on Ubuntu here: User Contributed How To Videos | tunerstudio.com


How do I get the IP address of joined unit in install hook?

So, if I understand correctly, you want to install an application that needs a server ip in order to install correctly? What you basically have is a client that is "useless" without a relationship to a server.

Juju is event-based. When an event is triggered, Juju queues all other events for that charm. The next even gets fired from the moment the previous one is done. The relation events will only get fired after the install event is completed. Technically speaking, the relation between two charms can only be added after the install hook of a charm finishes.

If you have a charm that cannot install unless it has a relation (unless it knows the "server" ip) then the install hook does nothing. The actual installation should happen in the relation-joined hook.

So implement this:

install hook basically does nothing [1]
relation-joined hook gets the ip using relation-get private-address
relation-joined hook does the actual installation and configuration of the client

[1] or the install hook can do the installation up to the point that the ip is needed, and then stop


suggestions for a web browser that will search within the current page

How did you install the Opera browser?  Using wget or by downloading the .deb package from http://www.opera.com/computer/linux ?  There was a bug in Ubuntu 16.04 Software Center that was not allowing .deb packages to be installed so the workaround was opening a terminal, entering sudo dpkg -i and dragging the downloaded .deb file onto the terminal to install Opera. Source: Problem with deb packages on Ubuntu 16.04.

In dash, try searching for 'browser' and see if Opera and other browsers are listed.  If not, open a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T and enter sudo apt-get update followed by sudo apt-get upgrade.  Then try to install Opera again.  You may have to remove Opera first if it did indeed install with sudo apt-get remove opera-stable.


The reason port 44302 works but port 802 didn't was because port 44302 is in the range of opened ports in Firewall, while 802 is not.
Ports 0 - 1023 are considered privileged ports and are restricted to the root user unlike the rest of the ports.
Switching the port from 802 to a general port 80 alternative like 8080 fixed the problem.


I have a similar issue. One wlan card, one ethernet. Wlan is setup to automatically create hotspot when i start computer and keep it on at all times. I had no connectivity issues at all but my logfile was absolutely filled with
"CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-FAILED ret=-95 retry=1"
With a new log entry every single second (for months).
Adding
[device]
match-device=driver:<YOUR-DEVICE-NAME>
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

to /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
Seems to have solved it
YOUR-DEVICE-NAME in my case was gathered from running ifconfig in terminal and locating my wlan card, wlp4s0


How to disable routing all network traffic through OpenVPN?

To condense Tom Yan's comments into an answer:

make sure there are no redirect-gateway lines in your client config
add the following line to filter out any redirect-gateway settings pulled from the VPN server:

pull-filter ignore redirect-gateway

The method is documented in https://community.openvpn.net/openvpn/wiki/IgnoreRedirectGateway, but it only mentions the --pull-filter command-line parameter, not how to add it to a config file.


MacBook Pro 3.1 german keyboard with Ubuntu 12.4 (@ and € keys)

To view the present keyboard layout we open the gnome-control-center (click the cogwheel on the upper right to select "System Settings...") and choose the "Keyboard Layout" icon in the to row:

There you can change your present layout (press + for a selection) or view the present  keyboard layout by selecting the little keyboad symbol at the bottom right. This will open a window that shows all characters assigned together with their location:

Here the @ sign is on the fourth level of key 1, the € sign is on the third and fourth level of key E.


slime-lookup-definition not working with sbcl

I finally figured it out.

You have to add the following line to your .sbclrc :

(sb-ext:set-sbcl-source-location "/usr/share/sbcl-source/")

Then, restart slime, and jump happily from definition to definition and back again.


Installing VMware Player 12 bundle on ubuntu 14.04

Using your CLI, change to the directory that the bundle is in:

cd <dirname>

Make the bundle executable

chmod +x VMware-Workstation-Full-12.0.1-3160714.x86_64.bundle

Execute the bundle

sudo sh ./VMware-Workstation-Full-12.0.1-3160714.x86_64.bundle

Now VMWare is installed, but there is a bug! Still in the terminal, enter

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/vmware/lib/libglibmm-2.4.so.1/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
vmware

VMWare should start.  To make the change 'permanent', execute 'sudo nano /usr/bin/vmware' and add the line

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/vmware/lib/libglibmm-2.4.so.1

after the line export PRODUCT_NAME...

Press ctrl+o to save and ctrl+x to exit: VMWare will now work.

To perform the same function for VMPlayer, execute the same changes to /usr/bin/vmplayer


Can turning off drm_kms_helper polling affect screen brightness control?

Instead of compiling your own kernel, you can disable polling at boot time. Edit /etc/rc.local and add this line:

echo 0 > /sys/module/drm_kms_helper/parameters/poll

You'll likely need to open a bug report for the other issue, though.


I tried what Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy said in his comment but I couldn't managed to work it out with feh because I need to have at least one icon on my desktop.

However, I found a workaround with the command xmodmap. I thought a lot how to solve that and I finally got an idea. It was enabling right click of the mouse when the user uses a specific program, so I did a bash script which checks if the program is running. If the program is running, right click works, simple. Then I did another script to keep the other one running every 5 seconds (for example) and make it run on startup.


How to download multiple videos in one search?

Using the option --playlist-items ITEM_SPEC should do what you want.

That gives you a playlist of video items to download. Specify indices of the videos in the playlist separated by commas like: --playlist-items 1-10 to download videos 1-10 in the playlist.

That, and other options, are described here on the youtubedl GitHub page.


How do I disable the administrators account?

Create your own user and make it an administrator. Remove the other administrator.  You can do all of this in the "user account" section (dash, "users"):

The + adds a new user. The - removes one.

I would advice to 1st make the new administrator and confirm it works as intended before you remove the original one.


front usb wont mount harddrives, internal usb ports do

Does dmesg says something when you insert usb stick in the front panel port?
There are two different USB 3.0 controllers in your motherboard. Possible Ubuntu hasn't (currently) storage support for controller which refers to front panel ports.

From your MB specs:

AMD A75 FCH (Hudson D3) chipset : 4 x USB 3.0 port(s) (2 at back
panel, blue, 2 at mid-board)

ASMedia® USB 3.0 controller : 2 x USB 3.0 port(s) (2 at back panel,
blue)

Check the BIOS settings. Probably there are some, which allows to change the behaviour of your front panel ports.

Also, the problem may be in the too long USB cable (In the case with a harddrive).

Additional reading

P.S. Sorry for my poor English.


Do'oh!

sudo chown winobes ~/.cache

obviously just changes the owner of the symlink....

sudo chown winobes /mnt/data/.cache

fixed my problem.


What does a dash or hyphen mean in the "Configuring grub-pc" menu?

The reason that line is indented is to show that sdd1 is a partition within the physical device sdd. sda ... sdd are physical drives as seen by the operating system. sdd1 is a partition of a physical drive, namely the physical drive sdd. The hyphen and offset are meant to highlight this fact in order to make it clear.


How to enable user sharing per instructions?

Actually, you have to install samba if you want to not see the error. But the use of Samba is for file or printer sharing with other unix or window systems. So you can ignore the error or just install samba.


Current Active Processes file created on home folder

Run

lsof ~/current-active-processes.tmp

to see which process has that file open.


I figured it out. Thanks to this thread

I made some changes to the window parameters they are now:

own_window yes
own_window_type normal
own_window_argb_visual yes
own_window_transparent yes
own_window_hints undecorate,sticky,skip_taskbar,skip_pager,below

own_window_type was override and I added the own_window_arb_visual yes parameter

Hope this helps anyone else out


Comment & Highlight the PDF & DJVU files?

You can use Xournal - Ubuntu Apps

Xournal is a GTK+ application for notetaking, sketching and keeping a journal using a stylus. It can also be used to add annotations to PDF files.

To install:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install xournal

Optional, to remove Xournal, run:

sudo apt-get remove xournal

DjVuLibre which is an implementation of DjVu, including viewers, browser plugins, decoders, simple encoders, and utilities.

Okular is a universal document viewer with support for advanced document features, such as highlights,annotations, forms, and embedded files.

To View djvu files using Okular :

apt-get install okular-extra-backends


Error when trying to run an app with sudo or gksudo

OK, unchanged output of sudo sudo  -V shows this:

Environment variables to preserve:
    XAUTHORIZATION
    XAUTHORITY
    TZ
    PS2
    PS1
    PATH
    LS_COLORS
    KRB5CCNAME
    HOSTNAME
    HOME
    DISPLAY
    COLORS

But your output says to preserve ftp_proxy, http_proxy, and https_proxy (note that all the others are gone).

Note also that your sudoers file says

Defaults env_keep="http_proxy https_proxy ftp_proxy"

That's not there by default, so either you or someone else with access to the system added it. You could try commenting it out (sudo visudo, then add # in front of that line and save the file). Sudo should work fine after that.

If you're sure you need those variables, you can append (instead of clobbering and overwriting) env_keep by using += instead of =:

Defaults env_keep+="http_proxy https_proxy ftp_proxy"

Read man sudoers for a lot of detail on all this :)


How to import/export *individual* Rhythmbox playlists?

This answer applies to Rhythmbox 3.4.3 with activated alternative toolbar plugin:

In the right top there is a toggle button with an ellipses icon (...) (between the search and menu icon). When activating this button, a menu (the file menu mentioned in the previous answer) appears above the playlist content: navigate to Playlist -> Save to File... to export the playlist.

Importing the playlist is also described in the previous answer: Under the side bar navigate to + -> Load from File to import the playlist.


The Ubuntu 14.04 will be released: April 17th - https://wiki.ubuntu.com/TrustyTahr/ReleaseSchedule

Before the final release the mini.iso  images can be found:

http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/trusty/main/installer-i386/current/images/netboot/
http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/trusty/main/installer-amd64/current/images/netboot/


There is no need to install from source because FreeTTS is available in the repositories.

Click below to install FreeTTS via the Software Centre:

Or, open a terminal, and run sudo apt-get install freetts


How to see what is on external monitor using built-in screen?

Easy and simple, you can take a screenshot using print screen key. It shows both screens.


Is there an easy way to find out what bridge an interface is connected to?

Thanks - that gave clues. I can find the name of the bridge that dummy0 is connected to by means of e.g.:

$ find /sys/devices/virtual/net -name 'lower_dummy0'
/sys/devices/virtual/net/**b.28354.f9**/lower_dummy0


Found answers to my question. On Ubuntu, below dependencies need to be furnished (apart from the mono runtime environment) before running a gtk# program compiled with Framework 4.0:

libgtk2.0-cil
libmono-posix4.0-cil


Canon Pixma 5350 prints pages splitted (first 3/4 page empty) Ubuntu 12.04

I solved this by downloading Canon drivers from their own website. The driver provided by Ubuntu caused the problems.

Website: http://www.canon.nl/Support/Consumer_Products/products/Fax__Multifunctionals/InkJet/PIXMA_MG_series/PIXMA_MG5350.aspx?type=download&page=1


System has crashed, terminal showing 'configuring secure boot' box

Go to BIOS of your system by pressing ESC or f2 (key depends on company model, asus-f2,. Hp-esc etc) on startup. Find the 'Secure Boot' option and disable it.
Then again do the
sudo dpkg --configure -a


Toshiba satellite L300 Xubuntu 12.04 : no brightness control

Chris, I found this in a previous similar question to your...check it out to see if it helps you and/or guides you in the right path...

How can I adjust brightness settings when I am on battery?

Good luck,

Luis


How to make every screen has his own desktop

In Unity you can right click in the window you want to "pin" and select "Always on visible workspace".

In Gnome, using gnome-tweak-tool, in the Workspaces tab you can choose to activate "Workspaces on primary display only".


Kubuntu natural scrolling TouchPad only but not for mouse

You can use xinput
In terminal, type

xinput --list

to find which device you want to change,
for example:

⎡ Virtual core pointer                      id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Primax Kensington Eagle Trackball         id=11   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Atmel Atmel maXTouch Digitizer            id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad                id=15   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                     id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Sony Vaio Keys                            id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=9    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=10   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Front Camera                              id=13   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=14   [slave  keyboard (3)]

if you want change the scroll behavior(Trackball for me here), then type

xinput --set-button-map 11 1 2 3 5 4

or

xinput --set-button-map 'Primax Kensington Eagle Trackball' 1 2 3 5 4

here 1/2/3 mean l/m/r button, and 4/5 mean wheel up/down. And 11 is the id for this device.


how to update android studio with jar file

Move the .jar file to android studio then run below on terminal with your own path to patch

java -classpath /path/to/AI-patch-unix.jar com.intellij.updater.Runner install $PWD

move your sdk folder first to some other place if it locates inside android studio folder


Getting suspended/hibernated the laptop automatically after upgrade from Ubuntu 17.04 to 17.10 in my laptop

Go to settings->power->power saving-> Turn off the dim when inactive

Hope this helps


How can I make my PC hibernate when idle? 14.04

Ubuntu Unity now uses dconf instead of gconf. Read this answer on how to modify settings.

The keys you are looking for are stored in org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power.

For example

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-ac-type 'hibernate'

will change the idle action on AC power to hibernate.

You can still set the timeout via system settings ("System Settings"->"Power"->"Suspend when inactive for..."), this will not reset the type to 'suspend'.


What is [ 0.4486641 ACPI PCC probe failed] starting version 219?

If you are experiencing graphics issues it may be related to this bug
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-graphics-drivers-346-updates/+bug/1454817
However please read the following before you assume that issue

ACPI PPC Probe failed. Starting version 219

These are two separate messages

ACPI PPC Probe failed.
Starting version 219

The first is related to a new ACPI interface PCC (Platform Communication Channel) https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/drivers/mailbox/pcc.c
Which is defined by UEFI http://www.uefi.org/ACPIv5.1
The second is related to systemd the program start process manager for Ubuntu 15.04 and above the current version of systemd is 219 so the message Starting version 219 is just stating the boot process has begun. Noted here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/systemd/+bug/1432171
These messages are return prints of mutually exclusive events, they are not related to each other nor are they directly related to the Nvidia graphics issue.
You can see these messages without having any nvidia driver issues.  Please do not assume you have a driver issue if you see these messages. Your PC may boot to the desktop after seeing one or both of them.
You may see this in your output of journalctl

sodu journalctl
Aug 16 23:10:55 x kernel: PCCT header not found.
Aug 16 23:10:55 x kernel: ACPI PCC probe failed.

These are the returns if the code does not find the ACPI interface which only some very new devices have or if it actually fails to read/write to the interface if it is present.  The code was written for upstream releases.  If you read the emails in the filed bugs below you will find information that supports my statements and you can read the return messages in the code itself in the github link above.
http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.linux.power-management.general/56400
http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.linux.acpi.devel/73411
I hope this helps to clarify some things.


If the problem primarily happens during login, one option is to delay Liferea until the rest of the login processes have quieted down:

How can I reduce the time taken to login by postponing/delaying some startup applications?

If the problem is solely due to CPU usage, consider running Lifearea under cpulimit:

Can I limit the CPU usage of a single application?


How to install gdlib-config on Ubuntu 16.10?

I ran into much the same problem today when I tried to use cpan to install the Perl module GD. It failed because it could not find package gdlib. I found I needed to install libgd-dev

apt-get install libgd-dev

After this I was able to install the GD module and also had /usr/bin/gdlib-config


removing all traces of edubuntu from my ubuntu install

The chances are the Edubuntu Gear would have overwritten the base Ubuntu desktop.
You can try reinstalling UNITY or UBUNTU-DESKTOP to see if it will overwrite the edubuntu stuff.


USB sound card regognized as stereo instead Digital SPDIF passtrhough

The CM6206 uses a non-standard method of labelling non-audio S/PDIF data. It's described in the datasheet, but not yet implemented in the driver.


The old Broadcom 43xx beast strikes again... 14.04 32bit

After running the most recent updates I thought I would try another round of driver juggling. bcmwl-kernel-source worked, but wireless would be invisible after restart. I had the same results with firmware-b43-installer.

After restart I opened up a terminal and tried:

sudo modprobe b43

This started the wireless immediately. I can't say whether this would have worked for me prior to the most recent updates because the wireless never seemed to be recognized before. I made this change permanent as suggested in this post.

sudo -i
echo b43  >>  /etc/modules
exit

Works like a charm!


Missing libssl3.so when trying to install Flash Debug Player on Ubuntu 13.10

I think you need to install the 32bits libnss3 package:

sudo apt-get install libnss3:i386


What is ideal partitioning scheme for triple booting Arch, Ubuntu, Windows 8.1?

First:

Consider GPT instead of MBR partitions.

If you have the hardware for it (UEFI bios), and new enough OS's (win 10 or 8, linux OS after ~2014), consider using the new GPT partition scheme.

See Whats the difference between gpt and mbr when partitioning a drive

Second:

Choose between grub or windows boot loader and stick with it. In your case, stick to the windows one, it will be easier. Despite this, I will answer below about grub as well, in case someone does want to know more.

1) There is only one bootloader/grub/boot-partition needed, and it should be the primary/first/bootable partition; Either that or you use windows proprietary boot loader; Each linux does not have a /boot directory - directories work differently in linux; think of the /boot partition as a "hidden D: drive" that any linux can possibly load; Note: linux nor windows will effectively use that /boot partition... when you press the power button, the computers BIOS will first load that partition as a boot loader; then, the grub bootloader on that partition will kick off control to one of the OS's - the OS wont particularly know or care who handed it control

2) Dont select that 350 MB partition as a new grub boot loader. You already have a bootloader: one that windows put there. That 350 MB partition was put there by windows, and I can tell in the picture because it is NTFS File System format. You dont necessarily need /boot directories in your linux OS's.
Me on the other hand, I want a bootloader that is free (as in freedom) and that I can tweak and wont look windowsy. In that case, it is more complex and out of scope from this answer. Use the windows one if you just want it to work. To use grub, you may have to reinstall windows or use GPT, basically starting from a scratch disk, no OS already installed.

3) If you use grub and stick to MBR partition tables (vs the new GPT), you will likely always run into trouble when upgrading windows. Start again from scratch with GPT, or use the windows boot loader.

4) /dev/sda /dev/sdb etc are actually not effectively directories, so you are not installing grub TO those directories. Instead, you are saying to find those pieces of hardware, and install grub on them. /dev/sda /dev/sdb etc are how the linux operating system automatically keeps track of new pieces of hardware (disks in this case) that are found by the OS and loaded. So it would be like windows "Disk 0" or "CD-ROM 0" from the picture above.


From the comments...

We did a sudo lshw -C Network and discovered that the ethernet interface was not making a proper link ("link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=10Mbit/s"). This suggested a cable or other hardware problem.

By re-cabling the ethernet port on the computer directly to the cable/dsl modem, and power cycling the modem, and rebooting the computer... it worked!

This left other cables, or the router as suspect.

After re-cabling, we power cycled the modem, then the router, rebooted the computer, and it all came up working now! The problem was either the cable from the router to the computer, or the router itself.

Update:

Final determination... an intermittent connection at the ethernet jack on the laptop. Recommend just trying another ethernet cable, or resoldering the joints under the jack on the printed circuit.


Deciphering hardware damage from sensor info

This is not a ubuntu question, however, I try to help you:

opening the housing of the PC usually makes it worse, however, you can use a big ventilator and place it in fromt of the open side
dirty coolers are usually a problem - remove all the dust
best idea, but you need some experience: remove the CPU cooler, clean everything and remount it with few (not too much) thermal compound cream. Make sure that the cooler is fixed on the CPU (maybe even the clip released itselt over the time.


Use --rcfile option when running a login bash

Looks like that is not possible, see the Note in http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/bionic/man1/chsh.1.html


Why can't I install "Open As Administrator"?

It seems to me like there might be a problem with the package itself (specifically, one of the installation scripts). I'd try contacting the PPA maintainer and see if it is a problem they need to fix.


How to don't "list folders before files" on Nautilus Trash and Downloads folders?

I see what you're saying. Sadly there is no way to do this; you must do it globally in the preferences as you have.

My suggestion: If you need to know if a folder is newer/older than a file, you could set it to the List view (which shows some details on the files) and arrange the items by modification date. That would probably be the closest to what you're looking for.


How can I load gui applications under an su session?

Generally speaking you use gksu

gksu evince mypdf.pdf

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo#Graphical_sudo


Try remmina remote desktop manager, I use it and it solved that and others problems.


After installer Instagram-scraper with pip3, when I try to run it, it says there's no such command

When pip runs as normal user (or with --user, depending on version) it stores executables by default in your ~/.local/bin folder. This location might not be in your $PATH variable yet.
Check if you can run the command as
~/.local/bin/instagram-scraper --version

If this works, you should make sure this folder is added to your user's $PATH:
Check your ~/.profile file. On modern Ubuntu versions, it should already conditionally add this location to $PATH if it exists when you log in, using a snippet looking like this:
# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists
if [ -d "$HOME/.local/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
fi

If you don't find such a block in your ~/.profile script, append it to the file and save.
Either way, as this is only checked when you log in, you have to log out and back in now if you just added the snippet or if the directory was just created during this session.
After that, you should see /home/USERNAME/.local/bin as part of the output of echo "$PATH", and instagram-scraper --version should work directly without specifying a directory.


How to add my Data Drive to the Nautilus sidebar

Open the directory in the file manager. Use the 3 dots menu and select to bookmark. The icon looks like it does in most browser apps.
The Ubuntu page is here


When playing mkv movie by vlc media player, sometimes I only get the video not the audio

If VLC shows following error:

  No suitable decoder module VLC does not support the audio or video format hevc. Unfortunately there is no way for you to fix this.

Then try to install libde265 via PPA.

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:strukturag/libde265
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install vlc

VLC should now play these media files after installation has been completed successfully.


Is This The Right Way To Change Drives Using Terminal?

First, note there is a typo in mount your command. It should be:

$ sudo mount /dev/sda2 /media/username

Here /dev/sda2 is the device (in this case, a hard drive's partition) you want to access, and /media/username is your mountpoint, i.e., the location in the filesystem where you want to mount the device.

To answer your questions:

Yes, using cd is the normal way to change directories. And mount is perfectly fine to mount devices that are not already mounted. If you mount it often, you may want to make an entry in /etc/fstab so that in the future you can mount a particular device to a particular mountpoint with self-defined options, e.g., by simply writing mount /media/username. You may even want to consider mounting it automatically, at boot time. There is a lot of excellent documentation on the subject. Just search for fstab.
I guess you want to do a bit of reading about the Linux filesystem. There's also good documentation for this, see, e.g., here for a short overview. / is the root folder in which everything is contained, organized in various subfolders. Here's a few hints concerning cd:

cd (without arguments) will get you to your home folder, typically /home/username
cd - will get you to the previous folder (where you were before you changed to the current folder)
cd .. will get you to the parent folder (one level up). This is equivalent to cd.. in Windows CMD.
cd / will get you to the root folder, though I personally rarely need that.

A (hard) drive is actually a disk that you can store data on. It is usually divided into several partitions. Perhaps confusingly, in the Windows world these partitions are also called drives. This is not the case in the Linux world, though. We simply  call them partitions, or perhaps "devices" in a technical context.
To unmount a mounted device, use the command sudo umount <MOUNTPOINT>, e.g., in your example,

sudo umount /media/username

...where /media/username is a mounted partition (you could also use sudo umount /dev/sda2, though this is perhaps less intuitive). Simply write mount (without arguments) to see a list of all currently mounted devices with their mountpoints.
In Linux, you have to mount each of your Windows "drives" on a separate mountpoint. You are completely free to choose where, and you already know how to do it, as you showed with your mount command. :)


How to add applications to startup that are using sudo to start?

You could create a new file in /etc/sudoers.d with the following line/s to your needs.

exampleuser123 ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /path/to/executable

This should actually remove your need to a password and start the application as root. However see that as a security leak since you could create a new script file, name it and place it in that folder and execute it with root rights without the need for a password.


How can I unbind Super+1,2,3... from opening apps?

To unbind the Super+number shortcuts from opening the dock apps you can run:
for i in {1..9}; do gsettings set org.gnome.shell.keybindings switch-to-application-$i "[]";done

Then, to make Super+number switch to the corresponding workspace, run:
for i in {1..9}; do gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-to-workspace-$i "['<Super>$i']";done

To revert to the previous settings run:
for i in {1..9}; do gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-to-workspace-$i "[]";done

and then:
for i in {1..9}; do gsettings set org.gnome.shell.keybindings switch-to-application-$i "['<Super>$i']";done


Alt+Tab opens Nautilus instead of Application Switcher

I found the problem. Ubuntu Keyboard > Shortcuts > Home Folder was set to Alt+Tab for some reason.


Check here. http://www.ubuntugeek.com/tag/cisco-vpn-client-on-ubuntu-12-04

If that does not work you may need to be part of an group that allows you to create and connect to VPNS. If you are already an administrator of the computer, try adding yourself to other groups that have to do with networking related permissions.

dialout,netdev or proxy. Although I don't see a specific VPN group, if you have a VPN group then I would assume that one to be it.


Your BADSIG Problem is an easy one. Your signatures are incorrect. Update them with:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 40976EAF437D05B5

Please do that with every wrong key by just changing the last key number and keeping the rest.

Rebuild your software cache:

cd /var/lib/apt
sudo mv lists lists.old
sudo mkdir -p lists/partial
sudo apt-get update

Maybe that will fix your Software Center Problem as well.

PS: But if you ask here - many nice people will surely help you here and you will learn a lot! But please keep on giving as much error output as possible.


Commandline tool to lookup current timezone?

curl "http://worldtimeapi.org/api/ip"

That will return a json data blob like:

{
  "week_number": 46,
  "utc_offset": "-08:00",
  "utc_datetime": "2019-11-15T20:30:02.492900+00:00",
  "unixtime": 1573849802,
  "timezone": "America/Los_Angeles",
  "raw_offset": -28800,
  "dst_until": null,
  "dst_offset": 0,
  "dst_from": null,
  "dst": false,
  "day_of_year": 319,
  "day_of_week": 5,
  "datetime": "2019-11-15T12:30:02.492900-08:00",
  "client_ip": "******",
  "abbreviation": "PST"
}

Read more about the API here: http://worldtimeapi.org/


Accidentally deleted partition when installing Ubuntu

This is a tough spot, as you know.  I can sympathize with you as I've hosed myself in similar situations like this before.  You have some options.  The good news is you will probably be able to recover most or all of your data.  The bad news is it will take a bit of work.

The first thing I would try is TestDisk.  It was made to help recover deleted partitions, so it may be the safest and easiest approach for you.

If that doesn't work, there are some good manual steps here.  This is a bit involved but might save your data.

If it were me and TestDisk didn't work, I would download Helix 3 and try that with a Live CD.  Helix 3 is a highly specialized Linux distro for forensics professionals.  You can almost certainly recover your data from this, but it isn't the most user friendly.  Since it's made for forensics professionals, you can tell it to basically ignore the partition table and look for any potential files/data structures on the disk.  You'll be shocked at what you find that you didn't even know was there :-)

Don't give up.  It will suck this time, but next time you'll be prepared and you can help others.


You can install the packages by using the command in a terminal (Press Ctrl-Alt-T to bring it).

sudo apt-get install libreadline6 libreadline6-dev

The package libreadline is for running applications using readline command

and the package libreadline-dev is for compiling and building readline application.

Credit goes to this blog post


Fresh install of Ubuntu cannot connect to internet

What you're dealing with seems to be a lack of an IP address. Open up a terminal and write in (without quotes) "sudo dhclient eno1". Try if your internet connection works. If it does, you can change the /etc/network/interfaces file to do this automatically. If you want to do that, run (no quotes, again) "sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces". Since you are doing an administrative task, you may be prompted for your password. You'll notice that the terminal became a text editor. Go down to the end of the file and add enough line breaks to have a blank line between what was in the file and what you are about to put in. Then, write

allow-hotplug eno1
iface eno1 inet dhcp

on two lines in the file.
Then press CTRL+O to save the changes and CTRL+X to close.
Detailed breakdown:
allow-hotplug eno1  -run this when you see a hotplug event on device eno1
iface eno1 inet dhcp     -on interface eno1, in ipv4 rules, get an address from DHCP


Asus laptops are shipped with various touchpads. At this moment it look like mostly they are Elantech and Focaltech.
Elantech touchpads are fully supported in kernel 3.16. If you installed Ubuntu 14.04.2, it should be already there.
Focaltech touchpads are supported from kernel 4.0, which is not in any Ubuntu release yet. It is looking like this is your case.

You can test it by running

dmesg | grep pnp

If you have FLT0101, FLT0102 or FLT0103, you have a supported Focaltech touchpad.

I backported Focaltech driver to Ubuntu kernels 3.16 and 3.19 and made a dkms driver for 3.19.
Also I made a PPA with a dkms driver. It works for Ubuntu 15.04 and  14.04.

The driver can be installed by

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/focaltech-dkms
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install focaltech-dkms

For Ubuntu 14.04 it will install 3.19 kernel.

If there are no issues with 3.19 kernel, I recomend to remove linux meta packages of older kernels. Otherwise they will update too and report errors, when focaltech-dkms does not build.

These are linux-image-generic-lts-utopic and linux-headers-lts-utopic for 3.16.

linux-image-generic and linux-headers-generic for 3.13.

UPDATE: These touchpads are now supported by the 4.2 kernels.
The kernel can be installed by

sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-wily

The Focaltech driver from the PPA should be removed.


Please use konsole, it supports devanagari well. Install it with:

sudo apt-get install konsole


Headphones stop working. Restart fixes it but happens again and again

I occasionally have issues with a USB headset and restarting Pulse audio often does the trick.

pulseaudio -k && pulseaudio --start

I'm not convinced your scenario is the same but it's worth a shot. The other option might be to install pavucontrol, which allows you to change the audio settings per application. Might be usfeul if Firefox is somehow hogging devices.


"initialising SSH storage failed" on bootstrap with manual provider

Enter the SSH config file:

# contents of $HOME/.ssh/config
Host juju-bootstrap
    HostName 1.2.3.4 # assuming that public ip address of the bootstrap-host is 1.2.3.4
    User uname # assuming that defined bootstrap-user is uname
    IdentityFile ~/.ssh/yourprivateky

When using ssh Juju will honor the defined configuration and connect without a problem.

In addition you would need to add entry to /etc/hosts to enable Juju to communicate over http(s)

1.2.3.4   juju-bootstrap


You should be able to use this,

sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-shell

If not, then I would try

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop


Is it possible to extend the disk space available to a wubi install?

From the WubiGuide:

How do I resize the virtual disks?
You can use LVPM, at
http://lubi.sourceforge.net/lvpm.html
As an alternative, you can use the
following script to move /home to a
dedicated virtual disk.
Download wubi-add-virtual-disk, open a
terminal and run:
sudo sh wubi-add-virtual-disk /home 15000

Where the first argument is the
directory to move to a new dedicated
disk, and the second argument is the
size in MB.
You should now reboot. If you are
happy with the result, you can now
remove /home.backup. To undo the
changes remove /home, copy rename
/home.backup to /home and remove the
/home line in /etc/fstab.
Note that contrary to previous
information, this script is not
suitable for moving /usr - experienced
users may be able to do this manually,
at own risk, following a process
similar to that outlined in the file.
(Do not rename /usr until the very
last moment, as rsync is installed
there.)


Chosing OS on Boot with broken enter key

You can always use the Left Arrow key. I just tested it one of on my Ubuntu machines, and it worked like a charm, without me even needing to configure or change anything.

EDIT: I meant the Right Arrow, not the left one.


It seems driver for this USB wifi adapter doesn't work "out of the box" as said on the official Ubuntu support page. Check this guide: http://luismi.sanchezarteaga.es/instalacion-de-d-link-wifi-usb-dwa-140b3-en-ubuntu-12-04-lts/

It's in spanish but commands worked fine for me.
Regards.


How do I update Ubuntu system independent of third party apps?

copy the file from /etc/apt/sources.list and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ in that text file remove everything but not with domain ubuntu.com. And please dont forget to backup these text file because you need it later. Now run
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

after update complete keep the orginal content files and its content where it was before and run
sudo apt-get update

This is what you should do. But as a reminder you should have better update all packages until you are doing something strict


Bash prepends the symbol '@' to $PS1. How do I get rid of it?

You appear to have configured readline to enable edit mode indication. From 8.3.1 Readline Init File Syntax of the Bash Reference Manual:

show-mode-in-prompt (Off)
       If set to On, add a character to the  beginning  of  the  prompt
       indicating  the  editing  mode:  emacs (@), vi command (:) or vi
       insertion (+).

You should be able to disable it in the current shell using

bind 'set show-mode-in-prompt off'

To disable it persistently, you will need to find where it is getting set, possibly your ~/.inputrc or /etc/inputrc files.


Ubuntu 19.10 Live CD booting to GRUB 2.04 command line

When GRUB fails to read the necessary files from our device, it goes in its shell.

So... this means the BIOS was not able to read some sectors and reported the error. It could be that the UEFI feature on that computer is not 100% compatible or that your thumb drive has an actual issue. (or, but probably less likely, the installation on the USB didn't go right)

To test whether the thumb drive is good, reading all the files would be the way to go and make sure that you don't get any error reading them. In Linux it would be something like this:

#/bin/bash -e
for f in `find /path/to/usb -type f`
do
    cat $f >/dev/null
done

If that script fails, then you have a problem on the thumb drive. I ran in a similar problem when one of my drives wouldn't boot because the file system used RAID-1 in LVM and somehow that doesn't work right in some cases. Fixing the type of file system worked in my case. In your case, you'll have to find out why it's not able to read the data off the drive. Maybe a driver is missing on the USB stick.


New to Ubuntu, how do I get drivers for my USB WiFi LAN Adapter?

Usually, you don't have to install any driver manually.

In the case that your adapter (or whichever drive you use) is not working properly with open source drivers, you can use the proprietary drivers available in additional Ubuntu repositories or search for a tutorial if you need to install the drivers manually.


Ubuntu 12.04 Lenovo X61T, how to assign display buttons as shortcuts? Bug?

Maybe you could override metacity keybinding, like in this hint:
http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/ubuntu/assign-custom-shortcut-keys-on-ubuntu-linux/

So instead of using custom shortcuts in (settings->keyboard->shortcuts) you would edit them via gconf-editor and add them as a custom commands in "apps\metacity\keybinding_commands"


Install it by using the Command Line.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open the Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:n-muench/calibre2
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install calibre

Once done, click on bre in dash, and follow the screens.

Source:LinuxG