The executable you are trying to start is not passing a -self test- check. That means the program itself feels there is something wrong, could be a damaged download or DRM.
As it says in the notice: "Contact the installer's author to obtain a new copy".
More on this on the NSIS page. It has a final thing to say:

Final options
As a last resort, the installer can be executed even though it's corrupted. To bypass the corruption test, pass /NCRC on the command line. To do so, go to Start->Run, type cmd and hit Enter. A black console window should open. Drag the installer into the window, hit Space and type /NCRC. Hit Enter again and the installer should start. This is not recommended!


MIni tube, Youtube app wont show any videos

You Tube made changes and that broke Minitube.  Minitube has been updated. OMG! Ubuntu has the article.


Dual boot Ubuntu (GPT bios disk) and Win 7 (MBR disk)

I booted XP on a MBR disk and various Ubuntu's from 10.10 to 12.04 on gpt drives without issue with old BIOS sytem.

Some BIOS have issues with drive mapping. Grub (and Windows?) consider the boot drive to be hd0 as that is from BIOS. When you chain load from grub it usually maps drives to make Windows then think it booted from hd0, even though it is hd1 from BIOS. But because of mapping issues, the only solution I have seen is to install grub to the MBR of the Windows drive. Then that drive is hd0 from BIOS and no mapping is required. Ubuntu will then boot just fine from other drive.

The new UEFI using a BIOS emulation mode just may not work with grub's old mapping.


How to prevent standard users from accessing other file directory in ubuntu -12-04 desktop?

If from a terminal CTRL+ALT+T you enter the following command

ls -la /

You should see something like this

warren@min:~$ ls -la /
total 84
drwxr-xr-x  22 root root  4096 Jun 20 16:13 .
drwxr-xr-x  22 root root  4096 Jun 20 16:13 ..
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Jun 20 15:58 bin
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  4096 Jun 20 16:15 boot
drwxr-xr-x  15 root root  4080 Jul  4 09:12 dev
drwxr-xr-x 120 root root  4096 Jul  4 09:38 etc
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  4096 Mar 20 14:50 home
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    37 Jun 20 16:13 initrd.img -> /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-48-generic-pae
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    37 Jun  3 13:51 initrd.img.old -> /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-45-generic-pae

List cut short

This shows that all the directories are already restricted.  Lets take an example.

drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Jun 20 15:58 bin

The first bit drwxr-xr-x describes the permissions then we have the owner root followed by the group root followed the size then the time and date and finally the name.

The permissions drwxr-xr-x can further be split into 4 sections

The first character d in this case says this is a directory but you will also see l for link and - for a normal file.

The next 3 characters rwx in this case are the permissions for the owner. In this case we have r the owner can read the file or directory w write and x execute.

The next three are for members of the group in this case r-x indicates that people that are in the group root but are not the user root can read and execute but not write.

The final three characters are for everyone else in this case r-x gives everyone read and execute access but not write.

In the case of a directory d type the execute privilege means that you can enter the directory.    For a normal file - type or link l this indicates it can be run as a program.

For the directories you are asking about normal users are already restricted to read and execute.

If you want to change these permissions you can use the chmod command as described here or do it graphically by running nautilus as root gksudo nautilus

But as pointed out by bodi.zazen It's not recommended for system directories and files.


Gnome keyboard accelerators / keys in Ubuntu Trusty 14.04

What version of gnome-shell are you using?

gnome-shell --version

Upgrading to version 3.12 has solved the problem for others -

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

sudo apt-get install gnome-shell ubuntu-gnome-desktop

In case it doesn't work, you can go back to version 3.10 -

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge

sudo ppa-purge ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging


This should cover any Bumblebee / optiumus questions you have, but for more information you can see the wiki https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Bumblebee

Installation

12.04

You need to open your terminal and enter the commands below.

If on 12.04.3, replace linux-headers-generic with linux-headers-generic-lts-raring

Enable the Universe and Multiverse repositories - you need to do this to allow the bumblebee and nvidia packages respectively to be installed.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable
sudo apt-get update

Install Bumblebee using the default proprietary nvidia driver for 12.04 - 13.04 :

sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia virtualgl linux-headers-generic

Reboot

Basic Setup for 13.10 and later

You need to open your terminal and enter the commands below.

Enable the Universe and Multiverse repositories - you need to do this to allow the bumblebee and nvidia packages respectively to be installed.

sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia primus linux-headers-generic

Reboot

Advanced Setups

For advanced users, if you do not want to use the proprietary nvidia driver or 32-bit libraries (for example, if you are only interested in power savings), you can do your custom installation.

Minimal setup : sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends bumblebee

Depending on your needs, add to this line:

bumblebee-nvidia: proprietary nvidia driver support (if installed, become default over nouveau)

virtualgl: VirtualGL as backend

virtualgl-libs-ia32: 32bit support for VirtualGL on 64bit system, necessary to run 32bit app through optirun

primus: primus/primusrun as backend (virtualgl Stays default, you need to run optirun -b primus )

primus-libs-ia32: 32bit support for primus/primurun on 64bit system, necessary to run 32bit app through optirun

Usage

To run your application with the discrete NVIDIA card run in the terminal:

 optirun [options] <application> [application-parameters]

Example:

optirun firefox

For a list of options for optirun run:

 optirun --help

Normally you do not use optirun for your window manager, installations or other non graphic heavy demanding programs. The optirun command is mainly used for graphic demanding programs or for games.

Power Management

A primary goal of this project is to not only enable use of the discrete GPU for rendering, but also to enable smart power management of the dGPU when it's not in use. We're using either bbswitch (a module) or vga_switcheroo (kernel module, experimental) to do this in Bumblebee.

Since Bumblebee 3.0, this feature is enabled by default, using bbswitch. This allow automatic power management, without any configuration needs.

If Power Management doesn't work on your laptop, please go to this Power Management (PM) page and help to improve Bumblebee.


How can I ensure the `snd-hda-intel` module is loaded on startup?

Add snd-hda-intel to the end of the file /etc/modules. This will make the snd-hda-intel module load up automatically at boot time.

You can use: sudo sh -c 'echo "snd-hda-intel" >> /etc/modules' to do this.


I solved the problem. I updated my software and installed broadcom wireless drivers. If anyone encounters this problem - follow this tutorial: Installing Broadcom Wireless Drivers


Transmission torrent client very inconsistent speeds

It probably does not apply to your case, but a typical problem with torrent (and other p2p protocols) are routers, that cannot handle many simultaneous connections or that have issues if many connections are initiated in a short period of time. People often realize that they are affected by this issue, when they switch from Windows to some other operating system. The reason is that Windows has limits for simultaneous connections and new connections per second, and at least in earlier versions of Windows those were set to ridiculously low values per default, so people never realized that their router doesn't handle many simultaneous connections well.

A symptom of this is, that not only the p2p downloads are slow, but also other internet connections like web-browsing are affected and show very low speeds while p2p software is running.

In such a case, it actually increases the p2p-download speed, if one limits the number of connections in the p2p software. Some p2p programs even offer a limit on the number of new connections per second (actually I only know one: mldonkey). I'd suggest to start with low values for these settings and then to increase them until issues arise (and then go back a little bit - in order to have stable conditions).


12.04: Kernel Update - Stopping System Runlevel V Compatibility

I am assuming this is an issue with the Kernel, but not sure given that message.

Here is what I would suggest:

Boot to an older kernel:

Holding down the shift key while booting, will display the Grub menu. You can now select an older kernel version.

If that allows your system to boot you can set the computer to boot to the old kernel you can remove the new kernel by running the following command:

sudo apt-get remove linux-image-3.2.0-58-generic linux-headers-3.2.0-58-generic

Switch to a non-graphical TTY

Ctrl+Alt+F1
Should switch you to TTY1 and you can run the following command:

 sudo apt-get -f install

then reconfigure:

 sudo dpkg --configure -a

then try the upgrade again

 sudo apt-get update && apt-get upgrade

If those things do not work we may need more information.


How to add string at specific column in a file which is not a white space

It looks like you want to print the first field left-justified within a fieldwidth of 8:

$ awk -v s=test '{printf "%-8s%s\n", $1, s}' file.txt
abc     test
defg    test
xy      test


File manager with better performance over CIFS than Nautilus?

While the cifs mounts are working and cutting down time from 13 s to 2 s in Nautilus in one example, it's not the flexibility you need if you want to browse several servers.

Lately, I work with Lubuntu-next (LXQt) a lot - PCManFM-Qt is caching the results, unlike Nautilus.

So, the long wait times with gvfs only occur once, and if changes are made, again after you refresh with F5.

In the example above, Nautilus would make you wait 13 s every time you re-enter the directory, while PCManFM-Qt lets you jump to another directory and back without waiting time.


Plank icon zoom not available in Ubuntu 19.04?

I had the same problem on Ubuntu Mate 20.04 LTS. I solved it by purging plank.

Remove all packages related to plank
apt purge plank libplank1 libplank-common
Fresh install plank
apt-get install plank

This should fix your problem.


It turns out that I need to put the font settings in ~/.Xdefaults instead to make things work when I log in from the console.


Need a server to monitor the outflow of request

You could use squid proxy server. Configure your gateway router to route all outbound traffic from your office through the squid proxy server.

This would afford you the following advantages:

caching of web pages
fine control of what websites and external ip addresses can or cannot be connected to
optional whitelist or blacklist models for allowing access to external web sites / ip addresses
configurable level of logging for what traffic is passing through the proxy server

Here is a link to the squid wiki to get you started:
ConfigExamples - Squid Web Proxy Wiki

Edit - response to question about using this on Ubuntu Server:
Here is a link to Ubuntu Server Guide -

Ubuntu 14.04 Server Guide PDF

I highly recommend that you download and keep handy this great pdf. It will help you get started on a huge variety of server-related projects and tasks on Ubuntu Server. See chapter 11, Section 3 for squid. Once you get started doing something from the Server Guide, consult official documentation for whatever type of server software you are utilizing, squid in this case.


Uninstall Enlightenment E16 on Ubuntu 10.04

Supposing you have used the Ubuntu Software Center, you can go there and uninstall by clicking at "Remove" button.

Else you can open a terminal and paste: sudo apt-get purge e16


OK, your dd command has overwritten your partition table. WHen you specify a dev name with no number (e.g. /dev/sdb) that refers to the entire disk, not to a particular partition. So, when you ran dd if=path_to_iso of=/dev/sdb, you copied the image directly to the disk and destroyed your GPT Header files.

What you wanted to run was:

dd if=path_to_iso of=/dev/sdb2

You might be able to recover from this but there are no guarantees. If you're lucky, you will have a backup GPT table stored. If so, gdisk might be able to save you. Try

 gdisk /dev/sdb

You should see lines like

Partition table scan:
  MBR: protective
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: damaged
****************************************************************************
Caution: Found protective or hybrid MBR and corrupt GPT. Using GPT, but disk
verification and recovery are STRONGLY recommended.
****************************************************************************

The details will be different but some kind of similar message should be there. If you're lucky, gdisk will automatically fix everything. If not, see here for more information.


Can I roll back my ppa (that I own) on Launchpad for a specific Ubuntu version?

You will not be able to downgrade the version number of an installed package on the user side from your PPA.

The main issue is that some people on 14.04 may have updated your non-functioning package from that PPA. As not all users may already be affected I'd recommend to immediately remove the buggy package from the 14.04 PPA to avoid that more people update.

Then you will need some time to debug your package to make it run on both, 16.04, and on 14.04. This release will have a newer version number and can then safely be copied to all series.

If that will not work out easily you will have to release a last version running on 14.04 with a version number +1 from present and release another version with version number +2 for the latest release on 16.04.


Your command is wrong. There's a space missing. You need

update-manager -cd

Note the space between update-manager and -cd.

I tested Alt+F2 in a fully updated VM of Ubuntu 16.04.

Initially, I see this which is logical and self-explanatory:

Then, typing just u, lists a lot of commands starting with u:

Typing more stuff in reduces the clutter to just one item:

At this point, if I pressed Tab, the item would be highlighted and if I then pressed Enter, update manager would launch.

However, I further need to add the -c and -d options which can be added by combining them as -cd:

Now, I can press Tab and then press Enter or just double-click on the icon showing me update-manager -cd.

Based on the image you've included, you're not seeing what I've shown above and I can't understand why.

For this reason, I suggest you

backup your data (images, documents, etc) to an external device
download the Ubuntu 18.04 iso, make a Live USB, test it as described here and then
do a clean install

All the best!


I think the odd characters are a result of your locale settings but I don't think this is your problem here.

  Temporary failure resolving âgb.archive.ubuntu.comâ

This howerver suggest that your machine is using a DNS resolver configured in /etc/resolv.conf that cannot resolve gb.archive.ubuntu.com

When you experience this error, check that the command host gb.archive.ubuntu.com returns a list of IP addresses such as this:

gb.archive.ubuntu.com has address 194.169.254.10
gb.archive.ubuntu.com has address 91.189.92.156
gb.archive.ubuntu.com has address 91.189.92.177
gb.archive.ubuntu.com has address 91.189.92.200
gb.archive.ubuntu.com has address 91.189.92.201
gb.archive.ubuntu.com has address 91.189.92.202
gb.archive.ubuntu.com has IPv6 address 2a01:450:10:1::10

If not, look at the resolver configuration in the before mentioned file - it should contain at least one line with nameserver x.x.x.x where x.x.x.x is an IP address of your resolver.

If it's there, you can temporarily use a public resolver which is known to work:

echo 'nameserver 8.8.8.8' > /etc/resolv.conf

and see if it works then. If that doesn't help, you might have a more serious networking problem, but this should get you started.


How to change the default username of mysql?

Open a terminal ctrl+alt+t and run following command

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON dbTest.* To 'user'@'hostname' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

If you are running the code/site accessing MySQL on the same machine, hostname would be localhost.

Now, the break down.

GRANT - This is the command used to create users and grant rights to databases, tables, etc.

ALL PRIVILEGES - This tells it the user will have all standard privileges. This does not include the privilege to use the GRANT command however.

dbtest.* - This instructions MySQL to apply these rights for the use onto the full dbtest database. You can replace the * with specific table names or store routines if you wish.

TO 'user'@'hostname' - 'user' is the of the user account you are creating. Note: You must have the single quotes in there. 'hostname' tells MySQL what hosts the user can connect from. If you only want it from the same machine, use localhost

IDENTIFIED BY 'password' - As you would have guessed, this sets the password for that user.

Hope it helps


press Ctrl+Alt+F3 and see if you can log in in a terminal. If that works, Ctrl+Alt+F7 and see if you can type the same password in the login window (lightdm),if it fails, but no response in the window mode, switch to the terminal again and check the error messages.


How to install ubuntu on external HDD if I dont have flash drive or DVD?

UNetbootin Frugal Install
You can use a UNetbootin Frugal Install, https://sourceforge.net/p/unetbootin/wiki/installmodes/,  to create a temporary Ubuntu Live install on the corner of your Windows hard disk. You can boot this frugal install and use it to install Ubuntu to unused space on the same hard disk.
In UNetbootin select Type: = Hard Disk. On the next boot after installing Ubuntu, you will be given the oppertunity to remove the frugal install completely.

Would suggest that you install Ubuntu 18.04 if you want a stable OS or you can give 20.04 a try. you would have a hard time with 19.04.
UNetbootin Install to External HDD
As an alternate to the above solution you can create a small, 3GB FAT32 partition on the external drive and use UNetbootin to create an installer image in that.
To boot the external drive press F2, F9, F12, etc when booting and select the external drive. Press shift and a language screen should appear. press ESC, press F6, press ESC and type a space then type toram. press F10 to boot.
Once booted you can run the Install Ubuntu icon on the desktop.
For reference see: Can Ubuntu be installed to the pendrive it was booted from?


Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index during dist-upgrade to 18.04

I found, like the discussions at LTS upgrade to 18.04.1 stuck and LTS upgrade to 18.04.1 stuck, that the process will complete after some time. In my case it was well over an hour, while the orange process bar at rare intervals would move.


"rm" doesn't accept internal command as a paramter

It looks like you have an extra pair of single quote characters around your filename that need to be stripped off.

Here, I have a file named "hello":

$ ls
hello

Trying to delete it with extra single quotes like this:

$ rm "'hello'"

gives exactly the error message you see:

rm: cannot remove `\'hello\'': No such file or directory

the \' before and after the name are single quotes you need to strip off.

EDIT:

In your case (as another answerer has noted) the output of

gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri

returns a result like:

'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/Tie_My_Boat_by_Ray_Garc%C3%ADa.jpg'

So you want to strip the leading 'file:// and the ending '. This can be done correctly using sed like this (using only one expression with a group)

sed -e "s|^'file://\(.*\)'$|\1|g"

or maybe easier to read (using two simple expressions)

sed -e "s|^'file://||g" -e "s|'$||"

Please note:

^ matches the beginning of the line
$ matches the end of the line.
any character can be used in sed to surround the search and replace expressions. Normally, you would use / but in this case it is easier to use something else, so I use |.


Seems to be a bug that it is reported here

It should work if you install a later version of pip.

You can remove the current pip installation with:

sudo apt-get purge python-pip

Then install it from github(it is a later version):

wget https://raw.github.com/pypa/pip/master/contrib/get-pip.py
python get-pip.py

Edit

If it still won't work try this as it says so in the installation documentation(after you installed the new version):

To enable the use of pip from the command line, ensure the Scripts subdirectory of your Python installation is available on the system PATH. (This is not done automatically.)

References:

https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/installing.html
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/python-pip/+bug/1306991


It depends on how upstream works, how you isntall the new version, and what you're trying to do with it, but looking at how libcurl installs certain files, the basic answer is no.


how do I get WPA2 connection to work using wl.ko proprietary driver?

First of all, the loopback entries must be included. I suggest this /etc/network/interfaces file:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet dhcp
wpa-ssid <my_wifi_name>
wpa-psk <my_pass_HEX>

Now get the system to re-read and use the changes:

sudo ifdown eth1 && sudo ifup -v eth1

The '-v' is for verbose; some additional information will be available to show what's happening as it tries to connect.

Does it now connect on boot?


When using vim in order to edit a file, you should save the file before exiting.

One way to save the file before exiting is:

Press ESC (in order to exit the edit mode)
Press Shift+Z+Z In order to save the file and exit


NetworkManager is a system network service that manages your network devices and connections and attempts to keep network connectivity active when available.
You can check whether the NetworkManager is running or not using this command :
sudo systemctl status NetworkManager

If it is disabled you can enable it with this command :
sudo systemctl enable NetworkManager

After enabling the NetworkManager you can start it using this command :
sudo systemctl start NetworkManager

In case the NetworkManager is not installed then you need to install it from Linux repositories. However to do so you need to have an internet connection.
If the above mentioned method didn't work you can set up connection manually.
In order to do so you need to find the network device that has internet connection to it.
If you have NetworkManager installed and it is still not working then make sure that managed state is set to false in the NetworkManager configuration file before proceeding to set the connection manually.
$cat /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile

[ifupdown]
managed=false

To check all the available network devices use this command:
ip addr show

In the above image ens3 is the network device. If you are working with wireless adapter the name will start from wl.
Once you have figured out the adapter, you need to edit the interfaces file present in :
/etc/network

Before you edit the file make sure the interface is down, use the command :
sudo ifdown <name of the interface>
e.g: sudo ifdown ens3

Open the interfaces file with sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces and add the following in it
allow-hotplug <name of interface>
iface <name of interface> inet dhcp

e.g:
allow-hotplug ens3
iface ens3 inet dhcp

Save the file and start the interface again with the command :
sudo ifup <name of the interface>
e.g : sudo ifup ens3

Now you should have working internet in your system. You can check the status with ip addr show command.


I found another extension to do it.

https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/2416/panel-indicators/.

Anyone who need to do this, you can install that extension


How do I add a document shortcut to the Unity Panel?

You can manually add your favourite files in the Quicklist of a Launcher-icon so that it looks like in this screenshot for LibreOffice Writer:

I describe the way for Precise Pangolin using Ubuntu Tweak (Version 0.7.0) - using MyUnity is similar:

Open Ubuntu Tweak > QuickLists Editor > click on LibreOffice-Writer on the left side > click on the little Plus-symbol > Enter the Name of the file (it's the name that will be shown in the Quicklist) > In the Command-field enter: libreoffice --writer /Path/to/file/MyFavouriteText.odt (e.g. libreoffice --writer ~/Documents/MyFavouriteText.odt or libreoffice --writer "~/Documents/My Favourite Text.odt") > Press Save. Repeat this procedure to add further odt-files to the quicklist.

Note: I had to login again to make the behaviour of starting a favourite file from the Quicklist work properly.

Concerning LibreOffice Calc the command would be:

libreoffice --calc /Path/to/file/MyFavouriteSpreadsheet.ods

Concerning Gedit the command would be:

gedit /Path/to/file/MyFavouriteNote.txt

This solution also works when - for privacy reasons - someone has Zeitgeist totally disabled or just textfiles and/or spreadsheets excluded from activity-logging. Without Zeitgeist enabled, the Dash will show no Recently Used Files.


How to address ssh-server with a subdomain for remote access?

You need to add an "A" record for linux.foo.com to the name servers for foo.com pointing to the public IP of your machine/home router.
If that public IP is dynamic, you need a tool and an interface (API) that will allow automatic updating; most name servers provided by domain-name resellers or hosting services don't have such dynamic DNS functionality, so you may be better off with a dynamic DNS service such as DynDNS. With a paid account, I believe they will let you use your own domain/subdomain. linux.foo.com with their name servers.
If your VM is connected in bridged mode, your router needs to be set up to forward port 22 to its internal IP.

If it's in NAT, you need to configure vbox and the host to do this forwarding.


Ubuntu 18.10 freezes within 10 seconds after log in

The problem is the nVidia graphics card. You can fix it adding the grub config parameter nouveau.modeset=0. You can see how to do this in this video: https://youtu.be/NOg5ILhTYNY


Ubuntu 18.04 cant load package manage ("serious problem" as implied by ubuntu itself)

In the terminal type this...
cd /etc/apt # change directory
sudo -H gedit sources.list # edit the file
Be careful not to change anything yet.
In gedit go to the preferences and enable line numbers.
Scroll down to line 55, and copy lines 54-56 to the clipboard, quit gedit without saving, then come back here, edit your question, and paste those lines so I can take a look for you. Then we can edit out the errors.
Update #1:
I've looked at lines 54-56, and there are TWO bad lines (55-56) that need to be completely removed... as the URL's are missing, and the repository doesn't exist any more anyway...

deb [arch=amd64] < DOCKER-EE-URL>/ubuntu bionic stable-17.06
deb-src [arch=amd64] < DOCKER-EE-URL>/ubuntu bionic stable-17.06

Start the gedit editor as you did earlier, delete these two lines, save the file, and you're done!


How can I delete the command line history from the dash?

You can clear Alt+F2 history in dconf editor.

Install dconf editor:

Hit Alt+Ctrl+T and run the following command:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Or search for "dconf-tools" in Software Center and install it from there.

Clearing History:

Once installed, Hit super key (windows key) to open Unity dash and search for "dconf editor" and open it.

Navigate to Desktop > Unity > runner and click on "Set to default" in lower right corner. That's it!


How do I stop being offered updates for PAE kernels?

Why not remove the PAE kernels along with their headers? You don't use them anyway, and that will both solve the updates problem and free some space. To do that, use the following:

This command will only show what's to be removed, without removing anything.

dpkg -l linux-* | awk '/^ii/{ print $2}' | grep -v -e `uname -r | cut -f1,2 -d"-"` | grep -e [0-9] | xargs sudo apt-get --dry-run remove

This command will purge all unused kernels and headers.

dpkg -l linux-* | awk '/^ii/{ print $2}' | grep -v -e `uname -r | cut -f1,2 -d"-"` | grep -e [0-9] | xargs sudo apt-get -y purge

Info source

Edit: Apparently, that command doesn't remove the metapackages, so I'd add the follwoing as well:

sudo apt-get purge linux-generic-pae linux-image-generic-pae linux-headers-generic-pae


If you can't find mysql.h then it probably isn't anywhere in your filesystem unless you have one of these three packages installed which provides mysql.h:

libmariadbclient-dev - /usr/include/mysql/mysql.h
libmysqlclient-dev - /usr/include/mysql/mysql.h
pike7.8-mysql - /usr/lib/pike7.8/7.4/include/mysql.h


Assuming the current directory has the subfolders, replace TARGET_DIR in the following statement in use it:

find . -name '*.mp3' -exec mv {} TARGET_DIR \;


curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_10.x | sudo -E bash -

sudo apt install nodejs

Check: $ node --version
Output: v10.16.3

Check: $ npm --version
Output: 6.9.0


I believe this is the link where we can download the typing tutor but so far I am unable to download it as it gets timed out.

http://pune.cdac.in/html/gist/down/key.asp


locationd is outdated and removed from the Snap Store.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/snappy-hwe-snaps/+bug/1842435

Update

Now you can use gpsd instead of locationd.


Can't open Firefox after upgrade to 13.04

Looks as if you have a permissions problem.

sudo chown -R tom:tom /home/tom


How to connect OpenVPN automatically on BOOT using openvpn3-autoload?

Found the solution.
Although I had read and follow the guide (https://openvpn.net/openvpn-3-linux-and-auth-user-pass/), I forget to run "systemctl daemon-reload"
Without this command, the systemd don't know there is a new service file

First, we need to follow the guide to make a directory, copy the client.ovpn files and make the client.autoload files for the openvpn3-autoload service

Remind to edit the privilege
chmod 600 $HOME/.openvpn3/autoload/.ovpn && chmod 600 $HOME/.openvpn3/autoload/.autoload

Then copy the service file

sudo cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/openvpn3-autoload.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/myvpn.service

and edit the service file to add the user and change the default configuration directory

sudo vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/myvpn.service

[Unit]
Description=OpenVPN 3 Linux configuration auto loader and starter
After=network.target dbus.service

[Service]
Type=oneshot
User=myusername
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/openvpn3-autoload --directory /home/myusername/.openvpn3/autoload
RemainAfterExit=yes

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Reload the daemon again, enable and start the service

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable myvpn.service
systemctl start myvpn.service

Reboot the VM and confirm the result


Skype opening as 4.0 after I have installed 4.3

You hit https://launchpad.net/bugs/1372846

Install skype-bin too, and you'll probably notice a difference.


What does "ext" mean, as referred to by the sfntly installation instructions?

From what I understand in the instructions, the main package sfntly needs the Google C++ testing framework. They say you should extract the latter to ext, probably meaning that the source of the main package has a directory ext where you should place the Google C++ testing framework and rename it to gtest (or make a link).

So, if the sfntly source has a directory ext, that is where you should put e.g. the Google C++ testing framework (the name suggests it is where you should put external library software).


Bad WiFi reception on Asus Zenbook (Works great with Windows 7)

Press Ctrl+Alt+t for opening terminal then use -

gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi-disable11n.conf

Now the text file opened , in that add the line at the end of the file

options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1

Save it and reboot by-

sudo reboot

Now check your internet speed on wifi conection, if that did not work have a look at http://itsfoss.com/speed-up-slow-wifi-connection-ubuntu/

Hope it helped you.


how to configure terminal's size and location

I you right klick in your terminal window, select Profiles > Default profile. You should be able to edit your terminal's default size there.

To change the way new windowa appear, you should use ccsm.

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Run ccsm, scroll down to the plugin called "place windows" or something, click it and you'll get access to the settings.


Copy Apache2 server from web to local enviroment

I'd recommend using version control.  Basically you'll want to create a git repository for your project and use git in conjunction with a hosting service like www.github.com (bitbucket.org, and gitlab.com are a popular alternatives).  Once you get your project setup in a git repository you'll be able to pull a copy down to your development environment, work on it locally (to avoid making breaking changes to the live website), and then when you've completed a change / feature you can test and push it to the live site.

Here is a tutorial on how to add an existing project to github: https://help.github.com/articles/adding-an-existing-project-to-github-using-the-command-line/


Using French Keyboard during installation

If it stars properly, you can select the language (and so the keyboard) on the very first step of the installation, when you choose between Install and Try without installing.

Selecting French on that screen will set the keyboard to French during the installation process.

Unfortunately this will also set the installation process in French, but since you have a French keyboard this should not be a problem...


Empathy Chat automatically closes when I open it

This looks like a bug with missing dependencies which are caught only on runtime.

Please install the package libfolks-eds25 if not installed. Hopefully this should fix the problem


VIM stopped accepting a keyboard command

Come to find out it wasn't anything to do with my .vimrc or my terminal app. Sometime in the past I had removed vim-gnome for some reason. Without realizing it this broke vim's ability to communicate with Xclipboard.

After re-installing vim-gnome it now works as expected:

sudo apt-get install vim-gnome

Found here: http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Accessing_the_system_clipboard


How and why does "exec false" close the terminal?

exec false is replacing the current shell by the execution of the command false (here not the shell builtin but /bin/false or whatever false executable that comes first in the PATH) which quickly exits. If the shell was the topmost process running in your terminal emulator, there are no more processes running inside it so the terminal emulator is closed.

This is a an acceptable alternate way to close a terminal, just like would be many similar commands:

exec true
exec sleep 0
exec echo
...

See also: what-does-an-exec-command-do


problem with installation jboss 7 in ubuntu 14.04

/opt/jboss-as-7.1.1.Final/bin/standalone.sh: 1: eval: /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.6.0_32/bin/java: not found

A Java 6 installation on your computer was not found in its default place, you should install Java 6 from the Software center or grab the package. If you already have a Java 6 installation, you should make sure it's installed in the right path, is up to date, and is the right version for your program.

All the program is trying to do is run a Java application using that specific Java version: 1.6.0_32. Simply install it the default way and you should be good to go.


Strange (hanging) problem with dualboot W10, Xenial and FDE (for Xenail partition)

Feels utterly stupid to answer my own question but in case anyone bumps into this problem in the future, at least here it is (or was for me).

So the problem is NOT dual boot, but rather a general problem that cryptsetup hangs the system after typing in the password to slow (fast worked at least for me), with a "cryptsetup successful" message. The issue for me seemed to have been the NVIDIA drivers on my GTX 960m, so I suspect that there might be more people like me with a similar issue.

To fix this, boot into recovery and install proprietary drivers for the GFX and then reboot and it should work. For what ever reason it didn't work doing this for me at install time, I've tried, but that might have been something else with my setup.

Anyways, sorry for the clutter. If I could have pinned down the problem more accurately in the begging this info could have been useful to some googlers.


To fix it simply open the terminal and run these commands:

rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6
rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1

Steam should then work properly. But make sure not to install the proprietary AMD drivers as they are very bad for the stability of the OS compared to the open source drivers. If you are getting low performance with the open source drivers, then simply upgrade the Mesa version by adding the xorg-edgers PPA

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa

After that type this in order to upgrade the Mesa version:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Then reboot and the new Mesa driver should be loaded.


How to run a script on each login or once a day if not run that day already?

Set this as a startup application:

#!/bin/bash
# Based on /etc/cron.daily/apt

check_stamp()
{
    stamp="$1"
    interval="$2"

    if [ $interval -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "check_stamp: interval=0"
    # treat as no time has passed
        return 1
    fi

    if [ ! -f $stamp ]; then
    echo "check_stamp: missing time stamp file: $stamp."
    # treat as enough time has passed
        return 0
    fi

    # compare midnight today to midnight the day the stamp was updated
    stamp_file="$stamp"
    stamp=$(date --date=$(date -r $stamp_file --iso-8601) +%s 2>/dev/null)
    if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
        # Due to some timezones returning 'invalid date' for midnight on
        # certain dates (eg America/Sao_Paulo), if date returns with error
        # remove the stamp file and return 0. See coreutils bug:
        # http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-coreutils/2007-09/msg00176.html
        rm -f "$stamp_file"
        return 0
    fi

    now=$(date --date=$(date --iso-8601) +%s 2>/dev/null)
    if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
        # As above, due to some timezones returning 'invalid date' for midnight
        # on certain dates (eg America/Sao_Paulo), if date returns with error
        # return 0.
        return 0
    fi

    delta=$(($now-$stamp))

    # intervall is in days, convert to sec.
    interval=$(($interval*60*60*24))
    echo "check_stamp: interval=$interval, now=$now, stamp=$stamp, delta=$delta (sec)"

    # remove timestamps a day (or more) in the future and force re-check
    if [ $stamp -gt $(($now+86400)) ]; then
         echo "WARNING: file $stamp_file has a timestamp in the future: $stamp"
         rm -f "$stamp_file"
         return 0
    fi

    if [ $delta -ge $interval ]; then
        return 0
    fi

    return 1
}

update_stamp()
{
    stamp="$1"
    touch $stamp
}

STAMP=$1
INTERVAL=$2
export DISPLAY=:0.0

while true; do
    if check_stamp $STAMP $INTERVAL; then
        # Do whatever you want
        /path/to/your/script

        # Update stamp
        update_stamp $STAMP
    fi

    # Sleep 10 min
    sleep 600
done

Replace the /path/to/your/script (inside the while loop) with the path to your script.
Call this script passing first a path to a file that will serve as a stamp followed by an interval in days, for example scriptname /home/user/stampfile 1. It will run endlessly and check the current time against the stamp every 10 minutes (sleep 600). If the difference is greater than the interval it runs your script and updates the stamp.


Open Terminal and write this command

sudo sublime /usr/share/applications/sublime.desktop

This will create a file name sublime.desktop in the user/share/applications/ folder and open it for you.
Copy paste the following content in it and save the file

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Sublime Text 2
*#Only KDE 4 seems to use GenericName, so we reuse the KDE strings.*
*#From Ubuntu's language-pack-kde-XX-base packages, version 9.04-20090413.*
GenericName=Text Editor
Exec=sublime
Terminal=false
Icon=/usr/lib/Sublime Text 2/Icon/48x48/sublime_text.png
Type=Application
Categories=TextEditor;IDE;Development
X-Ayatana-Desktop-Shortcuts=NewWindow
[NewWindow Shortcut Group]
Name=New Window
Exec=sublime -n
TargetEnvironment=Unity

You will see the Sublime-Text icon in the dash-board. right click the icon and click

Lock in Launcher


Lenovo ideapad 720 - ubuntu 18.04 does not recognize fingerprint-reader

Bus 001 Device 004: ID 06cb:0081 Synaptics, Inc.

That is the fingerprint reader and Linux lack of driver to support it.

check this
https://github.com/nmikhailov/Validity90


sudo pip uninstall  sudo: pip: command not found

Try this:

sudo python3 -m pip uninstall tensorflow-gpu


Yes you can override it. Well if you don't need the other command, then it is your system, so of course it is totally ok to do it. You can set the alias in

nano ~/.profile

nano ~/.bashrc

nano ~/.bash_profile

Most shells using ~/.profile.


You launched the configuration script as root (via sudo). It was testing your compiler and created a file that is executable by root only. So an attempt to execute it as normal user fails.

Normally you don't need sudo when building software, use it only when installing.

Update: upon a closer examination, it looks like you ran the configure script at least twice: first with sudo and then without. You might have forgotten to clean up, so there's a stale a.out file belonging to root and not executable by unprivileged user.

Update2: based on the comments below, I have to add another explanation to what happened. You tried to compile your package on a non-POSIX filesystem. Filesystems like FAT32 do not store file permissions, which is why you could not run ./configure and the script could not run a.out to check whether your compiler works.


How to Install Ubuntu 14.04 with RAID 1 using desktop installer?

Edit: This guide does not take UEFI boot into account. Additional or different steps may be required if UEFI boot is desired. This guide assumes legacy boot!

It is true, that the ubiquity installer does not know about mdadm software raid devices. Also it is true, that the live-cd is missing the mdadm raid administration tool. However, doing some work by hand, it is very much possible to install Ubuntu on RAID1.

In the following I will assume two identical hard disks (/dev/sd[ab]) which will be used completely for our new install. To simplify the recovery if one drive fails, there will be only one mdadm-volume /dev/md0 which will then be partitioned for /, swap and data storage, e.g. /home.

After booting up the live-cd and (if necessary) configuring network access, open up a terminal and assume root access sudo -s

apt-get install mdadm

Now we create a single primary partition each of /dev/sda and /dev/sdb from sector 2048 to the end of the disk, for example using sudo fdisk. I also like to already set the partition type to fd for linux raid autodetection. The keystroke-sequence in fdisk (if the disk is emptyin the beginning, meaning no partitions) is n <return> p <return> 1 <return> 2048 <return> <return> t <return> fd <return> w <return>.

Now we create the mdadm volume:

mdadm --create /dev/md0 --bitmap=internal --level=1 -n 2 /dev/sd[ab]1

I noticed, that the ubiquity installer also does not quite manage to create partitions inside this /dev/md0, so I also did this by hand - again using fdisk. So on /dev/md0 create the following partitions:

/dev/md0p1 for your root filesystem, the size of course depending upon how much software you are going to install.
/dev/md0p2 for swap, the size of course also depending on what you use the machine for and how much ram it's got
/dev/md0p3 for /home, all the space that's left

After that we can begin the Installation. Make sure to start the installer from the terminal with the -b option, because installing the bootloader will fail anyway:

ubiquity -b

Make sure to go for manual partitioning and "use" the 3 partitions you just created and tick the format checkbox for / and /home so a filesystem will be created.

After the installation the system is not yet bootable, so do not restart the box right away. We need to chroot into the installed system and fixup some stuff:

sudo -s
mount /dev/md0p1 /mnt
mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev
mount -o bind /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts
mount -o bind /sys /mnt/sys
mount -o bind /proc /mnt/proc
cat /etc/resolv.conf >> /mnt/etc/resolv.conf
chroot /mnt
apt-get install mdadm
nano /etc/grub.d/10_linux  # change quick_boot to 0
grub-install /dev/sda
grub-install /dev/sdb
update-grub
exit

Now the newly installed system is ready to boot. Have fun!


If I do understand correctly, your Kubuntu installation works; you can open terminal, file manager, and firefox. If that is the case:
Right click on all of the choices under Devices section and see where they are mounted.
Use sudo apt install krusader to install a file manager named krusader. Type sudo krusader or
[Desktop Entry]
Comment[en_US]=
Comment=
Comment[en_US]=
Exec=sudo krusader
GenericName[en_US]=
GenericName=
GenericName[en_US]=
Icon=krusader_blue
MimeType=
Name=krusaderasroot
Path=
StartupNotify=true
Terminal=true
TerminalOptions=
Type=Application
X-DBUS-ServiceName=
X-DBUS-StartupType=
X-KDE-SubstituteUID=false
X-KDE-Username=

save what is above (Change the language options as you wish) as a file (with any name, here it is krusaderasroot, no extension) on desktop. Right-click on it and select 'Is an executable'. Click on it, and when it asks, enter your password.
Go to where all the partitions in the devices section are mounted, you will be able to perform any operation you want, including changing owner if necessary (Right click-Permissions -- if necessary, advanced permissions).
If you do not need it, do not change owners; most linux directories needs to be only owned by root. This just helps you, to see what is in a folder or partition, owned by root.
EFI is your boot partition. If you are booting in successfully, you do not need to mess with it. If you want to hide it, right click on it, and choose 'Hide' or any option you desire.
I suggest you do not install krusader to see what is in EFI partition, it is a boot partition you do not need to mess with (in your case). What you are seeing is not an error. You are not root when you are in dolphin file manager.
462 is your Kubuntu partition.
And I cannot see from here of course, but New Volume is probably an empty data partition.
If you want to save any data from it, do not write anything on any partition, use a recovery program on another computer by putting your disk as an external disk, or boot from a recovery ISO from USB and see what you can recover and what you want to recover, and of course save what you want to recover on another disk, not onto this one.
For recovery program options, there is not a single answer, a small research and trying 2-3 different ones will help.
Some of recovery programs have their ISOs to boot from, if they do not; you can boot from Kubuntu Install ISO, select try Kubuntu Option, and install the program to there.
For booting from ISOs, you can use a single or multiboot USB Option.
Reminding you that, trying to see what you can recover, and depends on how much data you are going to save can take many hours.


Thank you Rinzwind for the hint. AudioIPC Server is a fallback device for pulseaudio, which is used “if the stream has not been seen before”.
The PulseAudio-Documentation reveals more details:
"As far as Pulseaudio devices are concerned "default" and "fallback" are synonyms. "fallback" is the more accurate description. For legacy reasons the command line utilities use the term "default".
Whenever a new stream appears, PulseAudio's stream-restore module checks if the same stream has been seen before, and if it is, then the stream is connected to the same sink or source that was used previously. There is a concept of a "fallback" device, which is used if the stream has not been seen before."

In my case especially Firefox' audio output appears as AudioIPC Server: AudioStream:

Bug reports are filed: Media and application name is not descriptive and Wrong Audio Stream Name in Ubuntu 18.04 Volume Mixer.
And apparently there has been work towards a fix and it was released on the 24th July 2019.


Execution permission to all files created under a specific Directory by default

Using inotifywait

As mentioned, you can use inotify-tools (inotifywait) to watch a specific directory for changes, for example by the script below, and subsequently set new files executable recursively.

The script uses the inotifywait -command, which is triggered by specific events, set by the -e -option. Luckily the command can be used in combination with multiple event types.
Since you want the files inside the directory to be executable, in the script, two events are set:

-e move

which will notice files moved into the directory, and

-e create

which will notice new files created inside the directory.

Furthermore, the options:

-m -r

are to make the command run indefinitely ("monitor") and recursively in the directory, while:

--format '%w%f'

outputs the directory (path to the file, %w) plus the filename (%f) that caused the event.

 More on options of inotifywait can be found here, or, as always, in man inotifywait

The script

#!/bin/sh
# you might want to change the directory below into the targeted directory
DIR="/home/jacob/Bureaublad/test123"
inotifywait -m -r -e move -e create --format '%w%f' "$DIR" | while read f

do
  chmod +x "$f"
done

How to use

You will probably have to install inotify-tools first:

sudo apt-get install inotify-tools

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as set_executable.sh
In the head of the script, set the path to the targeted folder:

# change the directory below into the targeted directory
DIR="/home/jacob/Bureaublad/test123"

...and test-run the script from a terminal.
If all works fine, add the script to Startup Applications: Dash > Startup Applications > Add.

Note

Note that notifywait acts on changes (events). That implies that files that were added or created before the script ran will not be effected. Nor will it re- set the files executable if you manually and deliberately set them not to be executable, while they are inside the targeted directory.


Riseupvpn isn't free, it's paid for with donations.
There's a known issue regarding Ubuntu 20.04, that is fixed. However, there hasn't been a new release yet. It will happen very soon though.
See https://0xacab.org/leap/bitmask-vpn/-/issues/254
There are other providers using the same software, like the Calyx Institute.


Change accented letters in international with dead keys keyboard layout

You can open the file /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/us for editing, go to the xkb_symbols "altgr-intl" variant, and add these modified lines:

    key <AD03> { [     e,          E,        egrave,           Egrave ] };
    key <AC01> { [     a,          A,        agrave,           Agrave ] };

The change should be effective instantly. Please note that you may need to redo it if the xkb-data package is updated.


On X86-64 Ubuntu 20.04, how come my 32-bit executable isn't?

A Similar question was asked in stackoverflow, the accepted answer stated that WSL does not support 32 bit binaries. But Froosh later said that it is possible using qemu.


Like this: https://askubuntu.com/a/989089/15811 That one is also about the dev  version. Mind that your system is likely to offer to delete a myriad of dependencies. Maybe you are better of installing virtualbox and 18.10 in that.

Basically the generic command for this is:

apt-get install {package}={version}

if in the repositories. If it is not you can download the package from the packages website and also do

sudo dpkg -i {package}.deb

You will need to install the dependencies yourself (in this case the dependencies list is pretty short).

Again: be careful doing this and read all the notices and don't just enter yes on anything. This can wreck a system.


I'd use here strings to pass the text to kdialog stdin:

kdialog --textbox /dev/stdin <<< Hello

If you need to pass the output of a command you can use command substitution:

kdialog --textbox /dev/stdin <<< $(my_script.sh | sed_command)


Apparently yesterday's update of the system kernel is botched: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2127138

Try booting with the previous version. This worked for me today.

Edit: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1157252


A good choice is playdeb repo with a lot of games for ubuntu. You can go to website of playdeb find the game that you want and go to home page and download it.

PlayDeb


You can do it via command line of windows 7. The application is called bcdedit.

Easiest way would be :

Download EasyBCD and modify the windows bootloader. It is free for non commercial usage.

Just delete the ubuntu related entries.


11.10
There is now an unofficial Compiz Plugin that allows you to move the Unity 3D (not Unity 2D) launcher from the left to the bottom.

Credit to WebUpd8.
In summary:

You can now peruse the source-code. Contact the maintainer with suggested fixes!  Remember this is unofficial and can & probably will have many bugs still to be ironed out.
Install the PPA - ppa:paullo612/unityshell-rotated
The packages to install are unityshell-rotated libnux-1.0-0
A new plugin Ubuntu Unity Plugin Rotated will be made available in CCSM
There is a likelihood of freezes on installation. If this occurs use CTRL+ALT+F1 to start a TTY, login and restart lightdm with sudo service lightdm restart.  Rerun ccsm to enable the new plugin
This plugin replaces the official Unity Plugin.  You will obviously not receive further bugfixes from the Ubuntu development team - you will be reliant on the PPA maintainer to supply bug-fixes

warning please see this Q&A as to potential stability issues using CCSM

Linked Questions:

What are PPAs and how do I use them?
Source code


Video performance on a Lenovo T520 is slow

Have a look at the bumblebee solution in this page:
https://launchpad.net/~hybrid-graphics-linux
You will be able to use both the intel card for the desktop and the nvidia card for specific applications. Check the google-chrome FPS values for benchmarking:

sudo apt-get install git
# type password
git clone http://github.com/MrMEEE/bumblebee.git
cd bumblebee/
sudo ./install.sh
optirun glxgears
# check the speed and compare to running:
glxgears
# If you have google-chrome installed, you can try it with/without optirun and report the FPS values on the mailing list:
optirun google-chrome http://webglsamples.googlecode.com/hg/aquarium/aquarium.html


HD bad blocks: is there a way to repair them?

If a disk has bad sectors (that is what bad blocks detects) then it will still work. Hard disks have extra sectors on them that are automatically remapped so the disk will continue to work.

In Ubuntu you can use Disks (in older versions is was call Disk Utility) to check on the SMART status of the disk. It can give predictive failure information.

Using a utility like SpinRite you can check the disk and definitely find out if they are bad or not. If run at the highest level it will check every sector and reinstate any sectors that are marked bad when they are actually okay, and mark any that should be bad.

If the disk is on the way out I would replace it rather than take any chances.


If you installed your python application with a command line:

python setup.py install

And if the author did not provide an uninstall script.

You can try the following commands to uninstall it:

sudo -i
python setup.py install --record installed.txt
cat installed.txt | xargs rm -rf

If this does not work for you, you can try

Install the application checkinstall:

sudo -i
apt-get update
apt-get install checkinstall

Below run

sudo -i
checkinstall python setup.py install

Checkinstall created for you a file.deb, and you can remove it with:

sudo -i
dpkg -r Name_of_package


How to disable apache2 if systemctl disable fails due to "update-rc.d: error: cannot find a LSB script for apache2"?

Switch from the software updater to the other software tab. mark canonicals. Then turn it off. Switch to the terminal.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade apache2* -y
systemctl status apache2.service

Apache will work.


Black screen while installing ubuntu 13.10 HELP!

I finally found a solution for the black screen of death, after booting from the CD i followed the steps bellow  :

Press shift
F6 different options --> nomodeset
Install ubuntu

It works just fine for me.


How to stop at boot menu for ubuntu miniPC

Try holding down the shift key or tapping it repeatedly so that it is pressed when the system checks it's state.


ubuntu 20.04 latest cannot find my wifi network

Finally solved it! I had to 1. load the correct module, and the missing item that took me days to figure out was 2. disable secure boot. Details below:
For Kernel 5.4, install iwlwifi-cc-a0-50.ucode for AX200, it is available from zip file at https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/commit/?id=2ae99744efc14
cd into /lib/firmware and remove the iwlwifi-cc-a0-60.ucode:
sudo rm -f iwlwifi-cc-a0-60.ucode

then copy over the right one
sudo cp iwlwifi-cc-a0-50.ucode /lib/firmware

sudo modprobe iwlwifi

if you are facing this error modprobe: ERROR: could not insert 'iwlwifi': Operation not permitted
The solution is to disabled the Secure Boot. Firstly check if SecureBoot is enabled on Ubuntu.
Install mokutil
sudo apt-get install mokutil

and check the status of SecureBoot
mokutil --sb-state

In case it is enabled run command
sudo mokutil --disable-validation

Reboot. Then verify wifi works!
Then, re-enable secure boot again:
sudo mokutil --enable-validation

credits and links
"Operation not permitted" when trying to `modprobe xpad`
Ubuntu: "Booting in insecure mode" with SecureBoot enabled


Ubuntu 18.10 clean. Programs not starting

I've had exactly the same problem. It turns out it is an issue with electron and glibc 2.28.

It is fixed in the upcoming Atom release (v1.32). You can install a beta with the fix merged from their GitHub release page or wait until the proper release.


How to add WPA Enterprise TLS connection in Kubuntu?

Create new connection to eduroam without setting security options (just to get connection file with UUID etc.)
Edit /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/<connection_name_from_point_one> as root
Delete everything but connection, ipv4, and ipv6 sections
Add:

[802-11-wireless]
ssid=eduroam
mode=infrastructure
security=802-11-wireless-security

[802-11-wireless-security]
key-mgmt=wpa-eap

[802-1x]
eap=tls
identity=XXXXXXXX@student.put.poznan.pl
client-cert=file:///path/to/your/private/key/XXXXXXXX@student.put.poznan.pl.p12
ca-cert=file:///path/to/ca-cert/cacert.pem
private-key=file:///path/to/your/private/key/XXXXXXXX@student.put.poznan.pl.p12
private-key-password=XXXXXXXX
system-ca-certs=false

I think client-cert can be any file. The network doesn't need this, but NetworkManager does.


6770 AMD Drivers... Nothing but trouble?

Your card is listed as supported here: http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Hardware

Remove the open source drivers and try Catalyst

See http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Ubuntu_Oneiric_Installation_Guide


How to download other different deb files with apt-get in Ubuntu?

Rather than damage your main system with an incompatible archive, an appropriate tool such as apt-offline is available in the Wheezy archive as well as for 12.04.  That package would allow you to set up your package download request on the Pi, copy it to removable media, download the packages on the 12.04 system, and then be able to safely take them back to the Pi for installation without damaging the 12.04 through introducing incompatibility issues.


On Dell XPS 9343 Linux 15.10, wi-fi hardware unavailable all of a sudden

With shortkeys: Fn + PrtScr  you can toggle the wifi of your dell xps 9343 on/ off. Solved...


Is it possible to migrate my iPhone 5c contacts to a Moto G with Android 5.1 installed by using Ubuntu 16.04?

There are two ways to do this, one of which will be fast and easy, the other of which uses Ubuntu.

Fast and Easy

Get a google g-mail account.
Sync your iphone contacts to google
Edit your contacts on the google webpage (if desired)
Hook your android phone up to sync with your google acount
Sync your contacts...

Using your Ubuntu installation

If you have time and energy, you can setup a CardDav server on your ubuntu system.

Install Radicale a CardDav server.  This is available in the [Ubuntu Universe Repository[(https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=radicale), and can be installed via

sudo apt install radicale

If you do not have pip installed

sudo apt install python3-pip

Now Finish the installation

python3 -m pip install --upgrade radicale

And run Radicale with a basic configuration.

python3 -m radicale --config "" --storage-filesystem-folder=~/.var/lib/radicale/collections

Login to Radicale on a web browser at address http://localhost:5232/ and create a user or two.

There is a bit of setup that can be done to make a secure Radical, and more setup if you want to run it as a service at startup.  This will require reading through the setup guide at https://radicale.org/setup/

Your android phone will need to be able to connect to your server, which required a download from the Play Store.  This link is for one such application, and hopefully you are in the same local network, or can ping your newly installed server.  If so you should be able to connect your android to the server.  Being lazy, I will not check this.

Your iphone will also need to connect to the CardDav server.  This link from iMore describes a method to connect your iphone to the server.  Not having an I phone, I will not verify this!

Assuming that you have setup both phones correctly, they should be synchronizing and sharing Contact info at this time.

Bonus Section

You can also synchronize Thunderbird with this contact info!  Provider for CalDAV & CardDAV provides an extension to sync your Thunderbird account!


APT Can't add repositories! Ubuntu 16.04 minimal

You can install add-apt-repository by

sudo apt-get install software-properties-common

See:

pilot6@Pilot6:~$ dpkg -S /usr/bin/add-apt-repository
software-properties-common: /usr/bin/add-apt-repository


How do I set the LightDM wallpaper in Ubuntu 14.04?

In my case this Ask Ubuntu answer solved the problem.
The org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.background setting had been disabled but I could not determine why. Once I checked this checkbox in dconf-editor and changed my wallpaper, it was reflected on the login screen.

Dconf-Editor: ORG/GNOME/SETTINGS-DAEMON/PLUGINS/BACKGROUND

We can get the value of the above setting by running this command:
gsettings get org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.background active

We can change this value with the command:
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.background active 'true'


Because of the upgrade, the hotkey configuration may not be properly set.

In "Settings" under "Keyboard", "Windows" section, check to what "Maximize window" is set. If it is different than default, click the backarrow to reset to default, which should be '<Super>Up. If different, then set the combination yourself.

Method using terminal

Alternatively, directly reset the key using the command line:

gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings maximize

If (what I do not expect) the default turns out to be different, you can explicitly set the combination with the command:

gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings maximize ['<Super>Up']


How do I change bash prompt in gnome terminal without messing up terminal title in Ubuntu 16?

For gnome-terminal, the terminal title is set via PROMPT_COMMAND which is defined in /etc/profile.d/vte-2.91.sh.

PROMPT_COMMAND, as defined in this script, does two things:

changes the terminal title using the OSC 0 escape sequence (\033]0;NEW_TITLE\007),
changes the terminal's notion of the current directory using the OSC 7 escape sequence (\033]7;NEW_CURRENT_DIRECTORY\007, this is factored out to the __vte_osc7 function).

Should you remove the second one from your PROMPT_COMMAND, your newly opened terminal windows or tabs wouldn't open in the directory where you were standing in the previous terminal. Most likely you don't want this.

So, in your shell startup scripts, after sourcing vte-2.91.sh you have to construct your preferred PROMPT_COMMAND that sets the title in a similar manner to vte-2.91.sh, and sets the current working directory exactly as it's done by default.

I'm not aware of any way to refer to PS1's resolved value (that is, after substituting the username and such) inside PROMPT_COMMAND or anywhere else (let alone filter out the escape sequences such as color changes). If you wish to see the same string in your prompt and in the window title, I believe you need to duplicate the construction of that string for PS1 and PROMPT_COMMAND.


Problem to get inside Another OS (Windows 7)

Receiving the "BOOTMGR is missing" message indicates that the windows bootloader was successfully loaded by GRUB, but found an error in its own configuration.  The first step is to boot using the Windows 7 cd, enter the recovery console (right at the beginning of the installer), and type the following into the console:

bootrec /fixboot

This will fix the windows bootloader files without altering the MBR.  More info about the bootrec tool can be found here: Use the Bootrec.exe tool in the Windows Recovery Environment to troubleshoot and repair startup issues in Windows.  Reboot and see if Windows will load from GRUB.

If that does not work some people suggest booting again from the Windows installer cd, and doing a repair install on windows.  This will most likely overwrite grub in the MBR so ONLY windows will start.

If windows now boots, simply use the Ubuntu CD to recovery boot your existing Ubuntu install.  Once it is started run the grub tool again to restore grub to the MBR, so it can start either Linux of Windows. Replace /dev/sdz with the device of your boot hard drive.

sudo grub-install /dev/sdz

More details about this process can be found in this very well written HOWTO: Recovering Ubuntu After Windows Install.

Hopefully both systems will boot from grub now.  If not your problem is more complex, and some more answering might be in order.


That depends: if you are using PPPoE, it will be ppp${n}, where n is allocated starting at 0, and the first available number used for a new connection.

If you are using NAT, or direct IP, it will just be the eth${n} interface, and communication will be through TCP/IP as normal.

The easiest way to figure out the device is probably run ip route show and look for the "default" line - the dev part of that will tell you what device is used for your default (eg: "everything else") route:

daniel@ki:~$ ip route show
172.16.23.0/24 dev eth1  proto kernel  scope link  src 172.16.23.5
default via 172.16.23.1 dev eth1

In my example, my default route is via eth1.


Try

alias memTotal='free | grep Mem | awk '\''{print $3/$2 * 100.0}'\'

Breaking down the quoting, that's

'free | grep Mem | awk '

followed by an escaped single quote \', then the quoted awk expression '{print $3/$2 * 100.0}' and finally the escaped literal closing quote \'


You should use either the Ubuntu Software Center

Or via the terminal remove it with apt-get:

sudo apt-get remove kdenlive

If you don't even want the config files to stay (Absolutely eliminate everything related to kdenlive) then use purge:

sudo apt-get purge kdenlive

I also recommend adding the Software Center icon to the launcher, since I do not see it in there on your image and it comes by default. This is for cases like the one you are having.


Custome keyboard disappeared upgrading to Ubuntu 20.04

I would guess that your customization included an entry in the file /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev.xml. The upgrade to Ubuntu 20.04 included an upgrade of the xkb-data package, and with that your edited evdev.xml file was overwritten.

So you need to redo that part.


Cron is not hanging your system. The log is misleading you.

Every hour, the cron job runs and adds that line to your log, before running the commands in /etc/cron.hourly.

Just because it is the last line in your log does not mean the program that wrote that line is the culprit of the system hang. This is actually the opposite: at the time cron ran (at 08:17:01), you can be quite sure your system was working fine.

Since cron runs this task every hour, all you know from the log is that the hang happened some time between 08:17:01 and 09:17:01.

Most programs run without creating a single line in the log. It actually takes some (programming) effort to write a line in the log; a log entry is a feature of the program that wrote it; it is not surveillance data written by the system to ensure programs are well behaved.

Most programs cannot hang the machine either. Most machine hangs are caused by faulty hardware and kernel driver issues. This is what you should investigate, especially with your hardware (Wi-Fi that needs specific firmware, NVMe that is still getting patches in Ubuntu, etc.).


ubuntu 16.04 install loses cursor and keyboard

I can't say about the keyboard though but you can bring back the cursor pretty easily.
Open terminal (CTR + ALT + T)

type $ ls
After 2 -3 sec the cursor should come back.


Why can I only choose 1 IP instead of using 2 at the same time?

Consider the following scenario:

*You have a working computer that has any os installed.

*Two network adapters are connected to the same physical network or hub.

*TCP/IP is installed as the network protocol.

*The adapter addresses on the same subnet are 192.168.0.1 and 192.168.0.2.

*A client on the network uses the address 192.168.0.119.

In this scenario, you may expect the two adapters on the same physical network and protocol subnet to perform load balancing. However, by definition, only one adapter may communicate on the network at a time in the Ethernet network topology. Therefore, both adapters cannot be transmitting at the same time and must wait if another device on the network is transmitting. Additionally, broadcast messages must be handled by each adapter because both are listening on the same network. This configuration requires significant overhead, excluding any protocol-related issues. This configuration does not offer a good method for providing a redundant network adapter for the same network.

the pc will only use one nic to connect to the internet

BUT you can always load balance there are lots of ways to do that using fancy stuff with routing protocols or do some cool stuff within linux.

sudo apt-get install ifenslave

then edit the /etc/network/interfaces file

like this

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto bond0
iface bond0 inet static
address 192.168.0.13
gateway 192.168.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
bond-mode balance-alb
bond-miimon 100

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet manual
bond-master bond0

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet manual
bond-master bond0

and that's about it now your traffic will be load balanced through two interfaces


Is there any way to add a new keyboard shortcut?

You can use Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts, but I think it is limited to a single character key.

On the otherhand, the shortcut I use to make "@" is Shift-2


The syntax:

adduser <username> <group>

is for adding an existing user to an existing group. So you will have to create the testadminuser before adding to any group:

adduser testadminuser
adduser testadminuser sudo

You can use the usermod command to combine both steps, but that is a bit more involved.


How to clear PS1's formatting in gnome-terminal?

The problem is that you are setting the command to be in green but are not closing the color escape code. Therefore, all subsequent lines, including the output of any commands which do not have their own formatting applied, are shown in that color. As a workaround (source), you could trap printing the close code to the DEBUG signal. Add this line to your ~/bashrc

trap 'printf "\e[0m" "$_"' DEBUG

That will print \e[0m (which will close the open color code). Because it is trapped to the DEBUG signal, it will be executed before any command you run. So, between hitting Enter and the command actually running. As explained in man bash:

  If a sigspec is DEBUG, the command arg is executed before every simple command, for  command,  case  command,
        select  command,  every  arithmetic  for command, and before the
        first command executes in a shell function  (see  SHELL  GRAMMAR
        above).


mkdir $HOME/.icons

unpack the archive in this folder.


choose wrong option during install and lost partitions

Don't write any more on your disc, including don't boot on your installed Ubuntu.
Use TestDisk to fix your partition table. If still not good, use TestDisk to recover your lost files.


lost my files after mounting a partition as home folder

If you haven't deleted your old home folder then try:

mkdir mnt
sudo mount --bind / mnt

and navigate to mnt/home/<username>


Windows Disk Manager: how to remove the partition created by Ubuntu Installation?

Just install something like partition wizard and delete the partition that Ubuntu was on, then resize/align the windows partition to fill the disk. You can do it all from within windows.


You have two options: compile from source (which is easy if you follow the instructions) or use a precompiled package for 12.04 with your 12.10 version. In both cases you will get aegisub 3.0.1.

Install from precompiled package

On this page someone provides precompiled packages of aegisub and wxWidgets (install both packages) for Ubuntu 12.04. Despite the warning that the package is of low quality, the installation should work with Ubuntu 12.10 as well.

Compile from source

I've found step by step instructions in the aegisub forum. Please take a look at the post, the poster explains all steps.

A short version in case the link goes down:

Install dependencies:  Open a terminal (CTRL+ALT+T) and insert the following:
sudo apt-get install build-essential libasound2-dev libass-dev libffms2-dev libfftw3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libgtk2.0-dev libhunspell-dev liblua5.1-dev checkinstall
Build wxWidgets by entering the following into the terminal (line for line):
cd ~
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/wxwindows/files/latest/wxWidgets-2.9.4.tar.bz2
tar xjf wxWidgets-2.9.4.tar.bz2
cd wxWidgets-2.9.4
./configure --with-opengl
make
sudo checkinstall
sudo ldconfig
Build aegisub by entering the following into the terminal (line for line):
cd ~
wget http://ftp.aegisub.org/pub/releases/aegisub-3.0.1.tar.xz
tar xJf aegisub-3.0.1.tar.xz
cd aegisub-3.0.1/aegisub
./configure
make
sudo checkinstall


You can use screen and detach from the screen session. After that you can exit the ssh session and the command will continue to run.

screen (press [Return} to end the help screen)

in the new screen, you type your command and press ctrl-a d to detach from the session

then you can close your ssh terminal.

If you want to reconnect to the screen session, you can type screen -r.


ModuleNotFoundError: While importing module from parent folder

import os, sys

#Following lines are for assigning parent directory dynamically.

dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))

parent_dir_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(dir_path, os.pardir))

sys.path.insert(0, parent_dir_path)

import BS


My understanding was the WUBI does not work for the current ubntu 13.04 release.
See here https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-devel/2013-April/036993.html

If would would like to set up a true Ubuntu dual boot (you get better performance that way because ubuntu runs on a linux formatted partition) you should look her https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot
But basically the idea is to boot the ubuntu installer form a dvd or flash drive and then choose the option to install alongside windows during the ubuntu installation.

If you are running windows 8, than that could be another issue with wubi (but again you SHOULD NOT use wubi) see Is wubi for Windows 8?.


nvidia-cuda-dev shows up as unmet dependency, and all nvidia-operations are blocked

I found what was going on: I had turned my nvidia-settings to use only intel card, I had to go into root to toggle that, and then restart. Then the packages could be uninstalled. I'll post the forum that I read this from.


Logitech Microphone (AK5370) inaudible volume

Here is the top rated 1 star review for your microphone.

  Me and my friend both ordered the same mic from Amazon on the same day. They arrived soon after. But the one I received was a faulty one and the microphone's gain is extremely low.

  My friend's mic seemed to operate fine. So we swapped the units and checked that it wasn't something to do with our computers. And that mic was still faulty. So I returned mine and got a replacement unit.
  But unfortunately the replacement unit I received was also faulty!

  If you Google "Logitech mic gain too low", you can find a whole forum on Logitech's website where people have the issue and let me tell you, it's nothing to do with the OS as people might tell you.
  We have tried 2 faulty units on OS X 10.8, OS X 10.7, Win 7, Win 8 and it looks like a design issue in certain batches at least.

It looks like you got one of the faulty microphones.


Legal issue with bundling Gnome3 on Ubuntu install?

Not at all, both Ubuntu and the GNOME project are free software projects, you are free to modify and redistribute them as you see fit.


Reading device info from inside proc module

You can cat any proc file:

➜  ~  cat /proc/dri/0/vm
slot     offset       size type flags    address mtrr

➜  ~  cat /proc/dri/0/vma
vma use count: 0, high_memory = f79fe000, 0x379fe000
➜  ~  cat /proc/dri/0/gem_names
  name     size handles refcount
     1  3145728       1        3
     2     4096       2        3
     3  3145728       2        3
     4  3145728       1        3
     5  3145728       2        3
     6  3035136       2        3
     7  1679360       2        3
     8  3035136       2        3
     9  1998848       2        3

You didn't said what is your graphic card, but this should put you in the right track.


To fix the Oracle java 7, try this:

sudo dpkg -P oracle-java7-installer
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer

If you really want to install java, I suggest you install openjdk (which is an open, reference-implementation of oracle java and works better in linux) instead of oracle-java. Purge oracle java by sudo dpkg -P oracle-java7-installer and use sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre for installing JRE or sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk for installing JDK.


New windows are placed too high and the window toolbar goes behind the

Check to see if you accidentally disabled the "Place Windows" feature under the "Window Management" settings in ccsm.  I had a similar problem as you, and re-enabling "Place Windows" fixed it for me.


here you will find every information that you need

http://source.android.com/source/downloading.html

but i suggest to start from the beginning here

http://source.android.com/source/initializing.html


Secondary SATA hard drive no longer accessible after upgrade to Ubuntu 17

I was able to mount this drive with the proper permissions by formatting the drive to NTFS from Windows (was FAT32) and then adding the following line to /etc/fstab, inspired from this post:

/dev/sda1        /media/dos           ntfs      nls=iso8859-1,permissions,users,auto,exec


You need to install CompizConfig Settings Manager

Run it.
Click on OpenGL.
Set texture filter to FAST.
Uncheck sync to vblank.
log out and back on.

Note: You may need to enable tear free in Catalyst afterwards.

Enjoy.


How to adjust HDMI Overscan on an Intel Ivy Bridge?

Take a look at this thorough guide on UbuntuForums. The trick is to set new display modes with xrandr. After you add the new modes, you adjust the margins accordingly to center the picture on the screen.


Why does apache2 have multiple processes?

Because that is how apache works: it is started as root and then spawns 'children' that are started as a normal user. Security wise is is a very good approach since the user apache2 should not be able to brick your system.
From the manual:

A single control process is responsible for launching child processes which listen for connections and serve them when they arrive. Apache httpd always tries to maintain several spare or idle server processes, which stand ready to serve incoming requests. In this way, clients do not need to wait for a new child processes to be forked before their requests can be served.
The StartServers, MinSpareServers, MaxSpareServers, and MaxRequestWorkers regulate how the parent process creates children to serve requests. In general, Apache httpd is very self-regulating, so most sites do not need to adjust these directives from their default values. Sites which need to serve more than 256 simultaneous requests may need to increase MaxRequestWorkers, while sites with limited memory may need to decrease MaxRequestWorkers to keep the server from thrashing (swapping memory to disk and back). More information about tuning process creation is provided in the performance hints documentation.

Now regarding this:

Which is the correct pid when I use kill command ?

There is no need to kill apache requests. I would suggest using sudo service apache restart and not to kill anything related to apache. Gracefully restarting a service should always be chosen over killing.


Do you mean Firewall software like in windows,

The Linux kernel in Ubuntu provides a packet filtering system called netfilter, and the traditional interface for manipulating netfilter are the iptables suite of commands.

iptables provide a complete firewall solution that is both highly configurable and highly flexible.

You can install  Uncomplicated FireWall, a frontend to Iptables .

You can further refer to Official Firewall setting up page

Note: Further discussion and references

Creating a Firewall for Your Ubuntu Desktop

Basic iptables how-to

Ubuntu Basic Security

Do i need firewall in Ubuntu.

do I need a firewall, anti-virus, anti-spyware tools?


equivalent to "safely remove hardware" in Windows

In MATE at least it seems clicking the eject button just unmounts the device. To unmount and power off the drive on the command line, you can use udisksctl

First list the drives with lsblk

NAME         MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb            8:0    1 15.2G  0 disk
└─sdb1         8:1    1 15.2G  0 part /media/zanna/4C45-110F
mmcblk0rpmb  179:24   0    4M  0 disk
mmcblk0boot0 179:8    0    4M  1 disk
mmcblk0boot1 179:16   0    4M  1 disk
mmcblk0      179:0    0 29.1G  0 disk
├─mmcblk0p1  179:1    0  512M  0 part /boot/efi
├─mmcblk0p2  179:2    0 26.7G  0 part /
└─mmcblk0p3  179:3    0    2G  0 part [SWAP]

I want to remove the drive /dev/sdb so I would do

udisksctl unmount -b /dev/sdb1
udisksctl power-off -b /dev/sdb


I have no idea why your package manager would try to invoke git, but you can try to use the strace utility to figure out what is going on. The strace traces system calls, including attempts to open files or executing programs.

To investigate your specific issue, I would try to figure out what commands are being executed (-e execve) by apt-get and its forked child processes (-f):

sudo strace -f -e execve apt-get install ...

If you remove the -e execve option, no filter will be applied, resulting in some lengthy output. To make strace write its output to a file, you can use the -o file.txt option before the command (e.g. strace -f -o file.txt apt install ...).

You can also use -e execve -e file to trace both command executions as well as attempts to open or read files. Then search for the invocation of the git command, and look for lines above this invocation. Perhaps that reveals a script name from which the command was invoked.

If that is still not sufficient, you could consider scanning the apt configuration in /etc/apt/. Perhaps you have configured it to invoke some hook. Example to look for invocations of git:

grep -nre git /etc/apt

The output will be empty if there are no matches, and display the file, line number, and line contents otherwise.


ATF and Eclipse ecourred "Error initializing the web browser"

Try to install libwebkitgtk-1.0-0.

Try the command in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install libwebkitgtk-1.0-0

That solves my problems with the internal browser in SpringSource Tool Suite under 12.04 x64.


How to determine the name of the current working file in a regex operation?

Hmm. You can't1, not universally.

* is a wildcard. The shell expands it. When you type

*.ext

The shell expands it to a list of all the matching files, like:

1.ext 2.ext whatever.ext

That is what is passed to the command, in your case mv. If mv receives more than two arguments, the last must be a directory, so

mv *.ext *.new

fails with *.new is not a directory, because mv is receiving a long list of arguments.

The shell itself does not support regex, but Linux has many utilities that do, like perl rename...

rename -n 's/(.*)\.ext/$1.new/' *

And remove -n after testing to really rename...

But you can capture the varying names in a variable and use it to loop over the files...

for f in *.ext; do echo mv -v -- "$f" "${f/.ext/.new}"; done

and remove echo after testing to complete the renaming... You can use almost any command with for, not only mv. Here's a slightly different example based on your question:

for f in *.bin; do
  firmtool build "${f%.bin}.firm" -n 0x23F00000 -e 0 -D "$f" -A 0x23F00000 -C NDMA
done

In this case ${f%.bin} will expand to the value of the variable f with the suffix .bin stripped off (if it has such a suffix; otherwise it expands to the value of f).

See the manual on Shell Parameter Expansion for other expansion types.

1waits to be proved wrong


If you are running python ver 3.x.x
you should install tkinter for python3

sudo apt-get install python3-tk

That worked for me.


For the GPG errors, run sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 6AF0E1940624A220 40976EAF437D05B5 to import the keys.

For the MergeList problem, run sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/*.

Finally, run sudo apt-get update.


Ubuntu image restore in external hard disk problem

I just formatted my original ubuntu partition and them booted from the external hard disk restored partition.
It booted !!!


Do I need to use rEFIt if I want to install ubuntu on a MacBook Pro?

I have an Ubuntu / Mac OS X dual boot system, but never installed REFIT. I do not know why people make such a fuss of this.

I just press the Option key and then I can choose OS X or Ubuntu.


How to synchronize subtitles with Subtitle Composer?

The quickest/easiest method to sync subtitle with Subtitle Composer is:

select a title near the video start and press Alt+A (Menu - Times > Toggle Anchor)
drag that anchored title to correct position on waveform
select one title near the video end and anchor this one too with Alt+A (keep first one anchored too)
drag second anchored title to correct position

That should be enough for synchronizing most titles as they are usually linearly distorted - otherwise keep repeating steps 3 and 4 on other titles which are off.
At some point there will be ability to sync titles using speech recognition in SC, but not yet.


Sometimes Facebook has issues with messengers that isn't its own. I recommend giving it some time - in my experience it's usually back up and working within 24 hours.


redefine shortcuts for keys being set to default after reboot

You can define/unset shortcuts programmatically, use dconf in CLI mode as explained here

Example :

# remove annoying ubuntu shortcuts
dconf write "/org/gnome/desktop/wm/keybindings/switch-to-workspace-right" "['']"
dconf write "/org/gnome/desktop/wm/keybindings/switch-to-workspace-left" "['']"
dconf write "/org/gnome/desktop/wm/keybindings/switch-to-workspace-top" "['']"
dconf write "/org/gnome/desktop/wm/keybindings/switch-to-workspace-down" "['']"

Execute these commands at startup


How can I recover files from a deleted NTFS partition?

to recover data, you may try as follows:

Boot with your Ubuntu Live DVD/USB and open Terminal

sudo fdisk -l to find the exact partition number (sdaX/hdaX - where X is 1/2/3 etc.)
Then sudo ntfsundelete /dev/sdaX (or hdaX)
If ntfsundelete gives error, then sudo apt-get install ntfsprogs
Now ntfsundelete should work
To undelete a file, check the ntfsundelete report, you should see the files with a Inode number at the left
sudo ntfsundelete /dev/sdaX –u –i <Inode> (or hdaX)
Your files should now be recovered, but you can only see them as a Root user
Change the files ownership to normal user sudo chown ubuntu <Files>

Hope this helps


How do I add more than one command to /etc/rc.local?

It turned out to be a timing issue. The OP indicated fixing it by delaying the execution of the first command thus:

(sleep 5; echo 3021 > /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness)&

(Huckle had suggested this in comments.)


This seems to be permission related.

Your .btsync folder permissions seem right according to your file listing. But what about the underlying files and folders?

Verify that they are right or just remove the .btsync folder so that btsync can create a new one when you start it

Another possibility is be that your home partition is a different mount point
from your / drive and mounted with the noexec flag. Which denies executing files on it.

You can verify this with the mount command that will list your mount points and the mount flags.


What does functional_qml_applicationName_matches_manifest mean?

When you set applicationName in the main .qml file of your project, you need to set it to the namespace of your application. This could look like “com.ubuntu.developer.jbloggs.superapp” for example.

This will ensure that the app is working properly under confinement.


Load average is high after adding second drive

There is an excellent Q&A with the same problem:

kworker consumes high cpu for external hard drive

The solution from top-voted answer was this command:

echo "disable" > /sys/firmware/acpi/interrupts/gpe6F

In the link grep was used to discover the interrupt causing grief:

grep . -r /sys/firmware/acpi/interrupts/

Load Average

If you look at your system load average for 1-5-15 minutes like this:

$ cat /proc/loadavg
0.50 0.76 0.91 2/1037 14366

It's reporting .5, .76 and .91. From Understanding Linux CPU Load - when should you be worried? it says:

  The "Need to Look into it" Rule of Thumb: 0.70 If your load average is staying above > 0.70, it's time to investigate before
  things get worse.

Further in the article it will mention something like the load average for all your CPUs are added together but not divided by the number of CPUs to get an average of all CPUs. You have to do this manually so the true values are:

.063 - .095 - .113

because I have 8 CPUs.

I prefer to use Conky to display this in real-time though:

Notice the 4th line from the bottom display 1-5-15 minute load averages as:

.150 .177 .143

The 1 minute load average of .15 equates to 15% which matches the All CPU percentage value two lines above the Load Average.

Without diving by 8 I'd have a heart attack because I would be seeing:

1.200 1.416 1.144

Conky automatically divides for me with the Conky code:

${execpi .001 (awk '{printf "%s/", $1}' /proc/loadavg; grep -c processor /proc/cpuinfo;) | bc -l | cut -c1-4} ${execpi .001 (awk '{printf "%s/", $2}' /proc/loadavg; grep -c processor /proc/cpuinfo;) | bc -l | cut -c1-4} ${execpi .001 (awk '{printf "%s/", $3}' /proc/loadavg; grep -c processor /proc/cpuinfo;) | bc -l | cut -c1-4}

Of course not everyone uses conky probably only 1% of Linux users but for those out there that love Conky like me, you might find this code helpful.


Which hardware upgrade will give me the greatest performance boost with Ubuntu 11.10(with list of currently installed hardware)?

You might want to add an SSD for your root partition , it could speed up your booting process at least.

SSD on Wikipedia

I don't know how much GPU can affect video performance ,  i never tried on my laptop.


Dell XPS 15 Keyboard typing double characters in Gnome Software Center

I also had this bug, but I was able to solve the problem by installing ubuntu-software instead of gnome-software.


Export or save custom AutoFormats (Format->AutoFormat...) in Libreoffice Calc

I was looking for the same on Windows and found it in my user directory:

LibreOffice/4/user/config/autotbl.fmt


What is the need to upgrade Ubuntu? Can not install packages

Yes, the problem is that Ubuntu 13.4 is "End of life", see https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Releases

That means the packages are no longer available in the normal places (if you really need it, maybe elsewhere).

So you basically need to update to the current version (which is a LTS version, good!).

See How to install software or upgrade from an old unsupported release?


Unable to boot into bootable USB for Ubuntu installation

You can try to go straight to the boot menu by hitting F12 when you start up your computer, then select the device you would like to boot from.

If the boot menu does not come up after hitting F12.
Follow the instructions in these instructions from ACER on how to enable F12 boot menu

If the device still does not show up, try a different USB port or reformat the USB drive once again with Rufus.


To achieve this manually, an in a simple manner you could use the mv command with some strong quoting to ensure that the shell doesn't interpret the colon as a special character:

mv 'Lang-32b-Branch:Line' 'Lang-32b-BranchLine' && cd 'Lang-32b-BranchLine'

An alternate approach is to use a variable and the one of the features of Bash parameter expansion, which may be more useful if you wish to automate this directory name change into a script:

dir=Lang-32b-Branch:Line
mv "$dir" "${dir//:/}"

The expansion of "${dir//:/}" will replace any occurrence of the colon character with nothing, giving the expected result of Lang-32b-BranchLine. Using "${dir/:/}" would result in only the first occurrence of the colon being removed, though that would still work for your given example.

As a one-liner to move and cd into the directory:

dir=Lang-32b-Branch:Line ; mv "$dir" "${dir//:/}" && cd "${dir//:/}"

Or if you wished to capture the modified directory name into a variable named new_dir:

dir=Lang-32b-Branch:Line ; new_dir="${dir//:/}"; mv "$dir" "$new_dir" && cd "$new_dir"

A great guide to Bash parameter expansion is available here.


Ubuntu Docker Container update-ca-certificates: command not found

PEBKAC

turns out you need to run apt-get update before you can install any other packages. After running the updates you can then apt-get install -y ca-certificates and this is the package that contains the command update-ca-certificates


I think that you are looking for a UNIX-like guide to be independent with the console (this question is better do be done in https://unix.stackexchange.com/).

Anyways, one of the things that my teachers told me to start with was Unix for Poets. Also you can read about Unix directory structure and basic commands for terminal, obviously (for example this). If you want to know more about Linux world, you have an entire documentation about GNU/Linux in http://www.tldp.org/


You probably could do but before I get to that, consider the traditional approach:

Wait for out-of-hours. Few servers need to be active 24/7 and those that do usually have a failover system that allows you to upgrade one server at a time without any downtime. If it's not important enough to have an hour of planned downtime, you can schedule an upgrade.
Make a disk backup onto your second disk. But you already make these regularly, right?
Do your standard LTS-to-LTS upgrade. Fix anything that's broken and move on. The services on the server will remain active as long as they can (MySQL et al will restart themselves on upgrades but they usually come straight back up).

The only way to do what you're asking is with a virtual machine. You could try lightweight LXC or schroot methods but I think you'll probably want to go for VirtualBox if only because it's old and documented.

Install it, create a VM with near-physical, raw access to the disk, install Ubuntu and get everything set up. I will grant you, this gives you a lot of flexibility for getting things reconfigured if you need to change anything in the upgrade.

The other and only true high-availability approach is the hot-replacement/failover approach. Start a brand new server, install Ubuntu, get it configured, sync the data (ideally sharing it from a SAN over NFS between all servers so there's some atomic consistency) and get it up and running. Flick the switch and in a new microseconds, the new server takes the place of the old one.

A more modern approach to this is to just virtualise on all your metal so that even if you only have one physical host server, you could just create another VM for your new server and do a simple soft switch.

I think the first, traditional method gives you the most security without complicating an existing production setup with things like virtual machines (assuming they're not in place already).


Change colors displayed when using Putty session

Run alias ls to see if ls is aliased to a command which colorizes the output.  If so (and you don't want to change the colors, but just eliminate colorization), run unalias ls to remove colorization from the current shell.

To permanently remove the aliasing, find where the alias is set (most likely in ~/.bashrc) and comment out or delete it.