Volume keys stop working when I switch audio outputs

I think I had the same issue switching from the internal audio to my USB sound bar. Bored with the manual actions and as I often forgot to click the green tick button in the Output Device tab, I decided to script and call it from a Launcher.
My script (I called it ToggleAudioOutput) uses the output of pacmd list-sinks to query for all output sinks and toggles to the next. My system has HDMI audio but as I am not using it, the script skips it. There are enough comments in the script to allow for customization to your own system.
I hope it helps.

#!/bin/bash
###############################################################################
# -- ToggleAudioOutput -- Script to change audio output sink.
#
################
# Program logic
#
# The function GetSinks performs a query and transformation.
# The output of GetSinks is stored in a variable.
# The number of sinks and the active sink (*) is determined.
# An array of all sinks is created, the active sink's position is saved.
# The next (or rolling to the first) sink in the array is marked.
# The marked sink is made active.
# Is an application using the previous sink, force it to use the active.
# A notification about the active sink is shown on the screen.
################

function GetSinks()
{
# Function logic
#
# From the (lengthy) output of 'pacmd list-sinks':
#   grep for 'index' and 'device.description'; giving 2 lines,
#   awk merges 2 lines to 1,
#   remove the 'HDMI' line,  (optional)
#   remove 'index:' and 'device.description ='
#
# For example, the result on my system
#    index: 0
#       device.description = "Built-in Audio Digital Stereo (HDMI)"
#    index: 1
#       device.description = " Logitech Z305   Analog Stereo"
#  * index: 2
#       device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
#
# is transformed to:
#   1  Logitech Z305   Analog Stereo
#  *2 Built-in Audio Analog Stereo
#

################
# Function body.

Property="device.description"

# if HDMI must be in the toggle, comment it out or delete it.
# Be sure to not change the sequence of the following lines.
pacmd list-sinks                    |\
  grep -e"index:" -e"${Property}"   |\
  awk 'NR%2{printf "%s",$0;next;}1' |\
  grep -v HDMI                      |\
  sed "s/^\ \ //"                   |\
  sed "s/ index: //"                |\
  sed "s/[ \x9]*$Property = / /"    |\
  tr -d '\"'
}
# End Of Function

################
# Script body.

Sinks=$(GetSinks)       # call the function, store the output in a variable.
NrSinks=$(echo "$Sinks" | wc -l)
ActSink=$(echo "$Sinks" | grep '*' | cut -c2)

# fill the array, save the active sink's position.
i=1
while read Line
do
  set -- $Line
  SinkNr[$i]=$1;shift
  SinkName[$i]="$@"
  ((SinkNr[$i]==ActSink)) && ((Index=i))
  ((i++))
done < <(echo "$Sinks" | tr -d '*')

# The next or first sink becomes the active.
((Index++))
if ((Index > NrSinks))
then
  Index=1
fi

# Make it happen:
pacmd set-default-sink ${SinkNr[$Index]}

for InputIndex in $(pacmd list-sink-inputs | grep 'index:' | awk '{print $2}')
do
  pacmd move-sink-input $InputIndex ${SinkNr[$Index]}
done

notify-send "Audio output device set to:   >${SinkName[$Index]}<" -t 5000
# End Of File


Can connect to any website except youtube.com - Server not found

http://youtube.com is being redirected to http://www.youtube.com, which on your machine seems to not resolve on DNS.

Do you have any DNS blocking services running our your router?


Can you launch a Terminal session? From the Terminal, you can run the command to launch the settings:
unity-control-center

What version of Ubuntu are you using?

Can you see the sidebar?


want to see username besides power button

You can use Unity Tweak Tool to add this.

To install, it can be found in the Software Center, or through the terminal:

sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

In Unity Tweak Tool, under the "Unity" section at the top, click on "Panel". Then, in the bottom-right-hand corner should be a checkbox for "Show my name". Checking that should restore your name next to the power button.


fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory

Indicates to me that you haven't installed the Python development (headers) package. For Python 2.7 (the default), this is included in python-dev , for the Python 3.2 version you seem to be using this is python3.2-dev . Note that this will only work if you installed Python 3.2 from the Ubuntu packages.

After installation, try again to install the Python package.

The new error you're getting,

error: could not create '/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/pygame': Permission denied`

could be because of two reasons:

You're not working in a Python virtualenv. Without working in a virtualenv, it will try to install in the system folders (/usr/local/ etc.). Solution: switch to the virtualenv properly, e.g. workon <virtualenvname> and run the pip commands in the same terminal window.

OR, if you don't intend to work with virtualenvs:
You're trying to install it system-wide, but you didn't elevate your privileges to do so. Solution: prepend the pip command with sudo, e.g.

sudo pip install pygame


How to install Ubuntu with LVM & LUKS on a SSD and use an LUKS encrypted HDD for data on a Dell Inspiron 7580

I took me a lot of time and Ihad to find a lot of information to succeed on this specific task. That is why I would like to share it with others, maybe somebody else will find the answer or part of it helpful:
Regarding Ubuntu on Dell Inspiron 7580 I found first a discouraging page:
"Standard images of Ubuntu may not work at all on the system or may not work well, though Canonical and computer manufacturers will try to certify the system with future standard releases of Ubuntu."
This is weird as the special image would work and why would Dell not feed the changes back into the community and Canonical? Why can they not offer the special image to download?
But there is hope as I am using now Ubuntu 19.04 without problems.
Some basic comments that I found helpful:
And no need for overprovisioning (leave some of the SSD empty). That's old news periodically regurgitated in some blogs for clickbait (SuperUser Answer).
A lot of users see old info on SSDs. They now are just as reliable (unreliable?) as HDDs. (Source: Ubuntu Forum, HotHardware, Ubuntu Forum)
And see comments to this Ubuntu Ask answer:
"Work doesn’t kill solid state drives, but age does, according to Google study."
Therefore no need to transfer the swap partition and var-folder from the SDD to the HDD
Installation and configuration of Ubuntu (19.04) on Dell Inspiron 7580
I used the following answer as stepping stone: Encrypt an Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Installation with TWO Drives: OS on the primary SSD, /home on your secondary HDD
But before you do install Ubuntu, make sure your SSD is recognised during the installation process. At the step of the “installation type”, you can choose “something else” and see whether two drives (SSD + HDD) are shown. For me it was BC501 NVMe ... 128GB and ST2000LM015-2E8174.

If both drives are recognised, go back to the “installation type” and you are good to install LVM with encryption (LUKS). It should ask you on which drive you want to install Ubuntu and choose the SSD “NVMe ...”.
If only the HDD is shown, follow the steps below to have the SSD recognised.

Install Ubuntu onto your smaller (usually the SSD) and check (i) erase the disk, (ii) encrypt the installation, and (iii) LVM management. This will result in an encrypted SSD, but will not touch the second (usually HDD) drive.

When I wanted to restart the laptop, it seemed to try to start with the SSD but stopped with a squeaking sound, then it starts the HDD (called ubuntu in the UEFI) which then shows a black screen with GRUB command line. If this happens to you, please check the steps below to solve the problem, in my case it was a wrong boot option/sequence

Open gParted (if not yet installed: sudo apt install gparted)

navigate to your second HDD (carefully check the /dev/sd?X)
delete any & all existing partitions
create a new PRIMARY PARTITION using the ext4 file system. You could also label it, but that’s not necessary. Choose "Apply".
One gParted is finished, close gParted.

Now you're ready to install the LUKS container on the second drive and then format it. In the following commands, replace sd?X with the name of your SECONDARY drive (not your primary drive), for example sda1: sudo cryptsetup -y -v luksFormat /dev/sd?X

Then you’ll need to decrypt the new partition so that you can format it with ext4, the modern Linux file system preferred by Ubuntu.
sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sd?X sd?X_crypt
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/sd?X_crypt

If you want to use your second HDD as a regular, frequently accessed hard drive, there’s a way to automatically mount and decrypt your second drive on startup, when your computer prompts you for the primary hard drive decryption password. Aside: I use the same passphrase for BOTH my drives, as I envision more issues with two different passphrases.
First you’ll need to create a keyfile, which acts as a password for your secondary drive, and so that you don’t have to type in every time you start up (like your primary hard drive encryption password).
sudo dd if=/dev/urandom of=/root/.keyfile bs=1024 count=4
sudo chmod 0400 /root/.keyfile
sudo cryptsetup luksAddKey /dev/sd?X /root/.keyfile
Once the keyfile has been created, add the following lines to /etc/crypttab using nano
sudo nano /etc/crypttab
Add this line, save & close the file (/etc/crypttab).
sd?X_crypt UUID= /root/.keyfile luks,discard
For me: sda1_crypt UUID=7e0edaa0-69f9-425d-ba9d-3f5fdff14cd5 /root/.keyfile luks,discard
To get your parition’s UUID to enter into the /etc/crypttab file, use this command (you need to use sudo it so that all of your partitions show up):
sudo blkid
The value you want is the UUID of /dev/sd?X, not dev/mapper/sd?X_crypt. Also make sure to copy the UUID, not the PARTUUID.
Close & save /etc/crypttab file.

Add this line to /etc/fstab to actually mount the partition on startup. (Be careful with this file as it can quite easily cause your system not to boot, see AskUbuntu answer)
/dev/mapper/sd?X_crypt  /   ext4    defaults        0       2
For me: /dev/mapper/sda1_crypt  /media/Storage   ext4    defaults,discard        0       2

Then restart (entering your primary drive decryption password) and it should decrypt BOTH your primary and secondary drives.
If you find yourself unable to create files in the new partition, it’s probably still owned by root and needs to be chowned to your user. Run this command:
sudo chown : / -R
Reboot and check to see if this (daisy-chain decrypt) is in fact is the case. If the secondary drive is automatically decrypted, when you choose “Other Locations” the second drive should show up in the list and have a lock icon on it, but the icon should be unlocked.

I followed some tips to make the Ubuntu installer recognize the SSD
Only when I changed the SATA mode from RST(RAID) to AHCI in the UEFI it worked (be careful if you want to have dual boot with Windows). Some other possibly helpful steps:

Windows fast startup turned off: See AskUbuntu answer.
Secure boot (UEFI) turned off [later turned on again]
Start "Install Ubuntu" with nomedeset added
Details see AskUbuntu and ElementaryOS-StackExchange.
"Install Ubuntu", press "e" and you will be able to edit grub's booting options and added: nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=200
Details see Ubuntu Forum, AskUbuntuAnswer and AskUbuntuAnswer.

The second installation went well, I could choose on which harddisk I wanted to install Ubuntu 19.04 (LVM+LUKS).
Black screen, wrong boot option
When I wanted to restart the laptop, it seemed to try to start with the SSD but stopped with a squeaking sound, then it starts the HDD (called ubuntu in the UEFI) which then shows a black screen with GRUB command line. If this happens to you, please check the steps below to solve it.
After the start of the USB installer I would see a quick error: Couldn't get size:0x800000000000000e.
The error is probably not related to the SSD (see Bugzilla and UbuntuForum):
Following HowToGeek, I ran the boot repair but it could not help.
But I also found another thread which seemed to me it could be helpful:
I followed the answer, not thinking of an USB-drive but of my SSD. The only difference was that I had to choose FS1: (FSO: did not work, it booted the Grub probably from the HDD)

When the Dell logo appears, hit F2 to enter the BIOS setup.
Go on Boot Sequence, you need to ensure the BIOS is set to UEFI, disable Legacy option ROMS and check that secure boot is enabled on the Secure Boot Enable line.
Now the most important operation... come back to Boot Sequence (General menu on the left)
• click on Add Boot Option. The Add Boot Option window will pop up. Type a name in the Boot Option Name text area ("Ubuntu", for example).
• Click the button to the left of the File Name text area. The EFI Boot Selection window will pop up.
• In the File System drop down menu choose FS1 (or FS0) and EFI. Then using the directories section, navigate until you can choose SHIMx64.EFI (for Ubuntu only - for other distros use grubx64.efi or grubx.efi if your PC is not amd64, anyway it will be named grubxxxxx.efi) in the Files section.
A new boot option will now appear on the top and in the boot menu. Save and exit
The computer should now restart without problems.

Symlink to folders (Music, Pictures, … on other folder)
ln (link) -s (symbolic link), see “man ln” in the terminal
How to:
ln -s /path/to/file /path/to/symboliclink
Delete current Videos folder (empty it first!): rm -rf ~/Videos
ln -s /media/Storage/Videos ~/Videos
ln -s /media/Storage/Pictures ~/Pictures
ln -s /media/Storage/Public ~/Public
ln -s /media/Storage/Music ~/Music
ln -s /media/Storage/Downloads ~/Downloads
ln -s /media/Storage/Online-Storage ~/Online-Storage
ln -s /media/Storage/Apps-n-Backup ~/Apps-n-Backup
ln -s /media/Storage/E-Books+Articles ~/E-Books+Articles
(see AskUbuntu)
Helpful: Is there a difference between a symbolic link via terminal or right-click make link?
Not really helpful in this setting better with symlinks
gnome - Change default user folders path?
gedit ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs
Trim and noatime for LVM volumes
How to check if TRIM is working for an encrypted volume? - Ask Ubuntu
A lot of users see old info on SSDs. They now are just as reliable (unreliable?) as HDDs.
So writes are not really an issue. But I do change SSD partitions to use noatime parameter.
(For more details see Ubuntu Forum, blog.confirm.ch, Tldp.org, Stackpointer, Super User)
Add discard parameter to the cryptdevice options in /etc/crypttab to make LUKS accept the discard behavior of the LVM partition. (See World's most secret blogspot)
/etc/fstab:
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root /               ext4    errors=remount-ro,discard,noatime 0       1
The whole fstab looks like this:
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root /               ext4    errors=remount-ro,discard,noatime 0       1
# /boot was on /dev/nvme0n1p2 during installation
UUID=eb0d2e85-12cf-446e-9594-92ca1005b5cd /boot           ext4    defaults        0       2
# /boot/efi was on /dev/nvme0n1p1 during installation
UUID=5295-E16A  /boot/efi       vfat    umask=0077      0       1
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-swap_1 none            swap    sw,discard              0       0
#mount HDD
/dev/mapper/sda1_crypt  /media/Storage   ext4    defaults,discard        0       2

To check whether TRIM is active (after restart):
The SDD itself is trimmed automatically, handled by systemd, you can check this with:
sudo systemctl status fstrim.timer (see AskUbuntu comment and Wiki ArchLinux)
LVM: sudo dmsetup table /dev/mapper/sda1_crypt --showkeys
You are all set, if the last command shows a result: 1 allow_discards at the end.
Notice: enabling TRIM on an encrypted partition reduces the security of the encryption because it reveals which parts of the partition contain data and which don't. This can aid in some types of analysis. To put this in perspective this does not immediately make your data visible but it would be a similar security trade-off to using a sparse file as the encrypted block, or of setting up an encrypted partition but not initialising the free space with random data, as is usually recommended.
See AskUbuntu comment.
For reference some other mentioned problems and tips for Dell Inspiron 7580:
crash - iwlwifi causing system hangs on Ubuntu 19.10 - Ask Ubuntu
Inaccessible Boot Device after dual boot Ubuntu 18.04 and Windows 10: - Installation - Ask Ubuntu


Select an option in a script when calling the script

Both these solutions work:

./install.sh <<< 2
echo 2 | ./install.sh

For multiple options use e.g.:

echo -e "2\n3\n1" | ./install.sh

In your case that would be:

echo -ne "2\n1\n/var/www/html\nlocalhost\nradius\nradius123\nlocalhost\nconntrack\nconn123\nroot\nwww-data\ny\ny\ny\ny" | ./install.sh

If you use this way of entering options it's crucial that you specify all options needed, it won't work (this way) to just specify the first two and leave the others open for the user to choose.

More about here strings (<<<) can be found on tldp.org and  Command line: <<< instead of <<.


Pc shutdown when headphones jack is plugged

From the answer mentioned in 16.04 - Laptop cuts power when headphones were plugged in  You have to disable the power saving mode for Intel HD sounds

1)
sudo gedit /etc/default/tlp

2) Then replace
SOUND_POWER_SAVE_ON_BAT=1
with
SOUND_POWER_SAVE_ON_BAT=0

3) sudo service tlp restart


When installing the notepad++ snap, /mnt/* is not reachable

Currently /mnt is not supported by snapd but I will work on making that possible.

Please see this snapcraft forum thread for more details: https://forum.snapcraft.io/t/mnt-mounts-should-be-supported/4669/5


Lubuntu 12.04 on Acer laptop boots to blank blue screen

Eventually my son got Lubuntu going, though there can be no guarantee that his solution will be effective on any other make of Laptop.
 He added a file:

/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/70-vesa.conf

with contents as follows

 Section "Device"
 Identifier "Configured Video Device"
 Driver "vesa"
 EndSection

 Section "Monitor"
 Identifier "Configured Monitor"
 VendorName "Monitor Vendor"
 ModelName "Monitor Model"
 HorizSync 30.0 - 53.0
 VertRefresh 50.0 - 60.0

 EndSection

 #Section
 "Module"

 #Load
 "vesa”

 #EndSection

 Section "Screen"
 Identifier "Default Screen"
 Monitor "Configured Monitor"
 Device "Configured Video Device"
    Subsection "Display"
    Modes "1024x768"
    EndSubsection
 EndSection

He commented further:
The command sudo lshw (list hardware - as a mnemonic) will show you what
 the hardware itself claims to be - this is how we saw you acer laptop
 actually has the ye-olde unichrome S3 display built into the
 motherboard. I would be interested to see if windows claims to have the
 same display adapter. My reading suggests it should work with the
 'openchrome' adapter, but our experience was clearly that it does not
 work. The motherboard is relevant. I think we might have eventually got
 somewhere by forcing the openchrome adapter and simultaneously forcing
 the screen configuration, but the setup of /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d
 was such that it was determining the number of screens and display
 adapters at boot time. Incidentially the file
 /home/”username”/.config/Xorg.config.new was written, even though running
 Xorg -configure didn't work. There were some clues in here - but it was
 wanting to set up three graphics drivers and associate them with the one
 screen. I think that was fundamentally the complaint lightdm was having
 with the xorg configuration, but I cannot be completely certain. Forcing
 a single display adapter that was openchrome without forcing the
 resolution didn't work so I fell back to 'vesa' rendering - this is more
 basic and doesn't fully exploit the graphical processing capability, but
 at least works.


Where did the menu bars from my applications go in GNOME Shell?

Disable any globalmenu extension, then in the terminal type:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools
dconf-editor

Navigate to org/globalmenu and uncheck enabled. Log out and log back in.


There is no problem. This is how AppImages work. They are not set up by your operating system, so your operating system will not set up application menu entries the way it is done for applications installed using the package management system, APT , of the operating system.
AppImages are self contained applications, that ship all their dependencies etc. in the executable file itself. When you run an Appimage, a file system contained in the AppImage file will be mounted and the executable will be run from there. Some AppImages actually may ask you to integrate into your application menu, but this is not the standard, and most don't.
To integrate AppImages, you would need to create an item in the application menu yourself. Unfortunately, default Ubuntu does not provide graphical tools to facilitate this, but you could use a tool like Alacarte to do this. Otherwise, you need to do it manually, i.e. creating a suitable .desktop launcher in ~/.local/share/applications, and installing an icon in either ~/.local/share/icons or ~/.icons.
You can read more about it here on Linux Uprising. There, reference is made to to a nice tool that is under development, AppImageLauncher, that is designed to automate the integration of downloaded AppImages in your system. Although it exists for a couple of years now, it still did not make it into the standard Ubuntu software sources.


Upgrading from ubuntu-16.04 I get "The system is running in low-graphics mode"

Sorry,I was wrong
It was not /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf but /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-ubuntu.conf that shall contain the line greeter-show-manual-login=true.
Now it works, problem resolved.
H


What data are transmitted to Canonical for livepatch?

Given that the livepatch client is proprietary, I don't have a complete answer.

That said, the client (/snap/canonical-livepatch/*/canonical-livepatchd) is written in Go. Debugging with Delve, here's some information to start with:

(dlv) bt
0  0x00000000006ad140 in main.(*client).check
   at /home/c/Canonical/go/livepatch/src/github.com/CanonicalLtd/livepatch-client/parts/canonical-livepatch/build/daemon/client.go:212
1  0x00000000006acfeb in main.(*client).Check
   at /home/c/Canonical/go/livepatch/src/github.com/CanonicalLtd/livepatch-client/parts/canonical-livepatch/build/daemon/client.go:200
2  0x00000000006b8415 in main.refresh
   at /home/c/Canonical/go/livepatch/src/github.com/CanonicalLtd/livepatch-client/parts/canonical-livepatch/build/daemon/refresh.go:60
3  0x00000000006bf957 in main.newDaemon.func1
   at /home/c/Canonical/go/livepatch/src/github.com/CanonicalLtd/livepatch-client/parts/canonical-livepatch/build/daemon/daemon.go:76
4  0x00000000006b86a3 in main.(*refreshLoop).loop
   at /home/c/Canonical/go/livepatch/src/github.com/CanonicalLtd/livepatch-client/parts/canonical-livepatch/build/daemon/refresh.go:120
5  0x00000000006c0bfd in main.(*service).Start.func1
   at /home/c/Canonical/go/livepatch/src/github.com/CanonicalLtd/livepatch-client/parts/canonical-livepatch/build/daemon/service.go:151
6  0x0000000000457b31 in runtime.goexit
   at /home/c/.gobrew/versions/1.10/src/runtime/asm_amd64.s:2361
(dlv) locals
rendered.cap = 0
rendered.len = 0
rendered.ptr = *uint8 nil
status = main.ClientStatus {ClientVersion: "8.0.1", MachineId: "bfcf169468f641528ac653c41ff1797d", MachineToken: "",...+7 more}
(dlv) print status
main.ClientStatus {
    ClientVersion: "8.0.1",
    MachineId: "bfcf169468f641528ac653c41ff1797d",
    MachineToken: "",
    Architecture: "x86_64",
    CpuModel: "Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6920HQ CPU @ 2.90GHz",
    LastCheck: time.Time {
        wall: 0,
        ext: 0,
        loc: *time.Location nil,},
    BootTime: time.Time {
        wall: 0,
        ext: 63662149770,
        loc: *(*time.Location)(0x963f60),},
    ApplyTime: time.Time {
        wall: 0,
        ext: 0,
        loc: *time.Location nil,},
    Uptime: 3472,
    Kernels: []main.KernelStatus len: 1, cap: 1, [
        (*main.KernelStatus)(0xc4201883c0),
    ],}

The fields in the status variable are:

Client Version
Machine ID (the value from /etc/machine-id)
Machine Token (Ubuntu One token?)
CPU Model and (OS?) Architecture
Last check time
Boot time (time taken to boot?)
Apply Time (?? - possibly, when the last update was applied?)
Uptime
List of Kernels

Boot time and Uptime could be considered to be included in statistics and performance metrics.

Again, this is a starting point. Make of it what you will, and hopefully somebody else can provide more definite information.

  How can I be sure it will not change suddenly to transmit more than I
  want?

You can't. The source code isn't available, and snaps are automatically refreshed, IIRC.


Fingerprint reader in Ubuntu 17.04 on Dell XPS 15 2017

Typing this on an XPS 9560, no support yet for the fingerprint reader under Linux.

Here's a project on Github for trying to reverse engineer the windows driver: https://github.com/hmaarrfk/Validity91


How to install Ubuntu 12.10 on already i.e preinstalled win 7 or win8 PC?

See the Community documentation for Windows dual boot.


Aptana Studio 3 doesn't work after upgrade from Ubuntu 12.04 to 14.04?

I had the same problem after upgrading to UBUNTU 14.04. For a workaround I added the following line to the end of "AptanaStudio3.ini" file (in your case it should be at '/opt/Aptana_Studio_3/AptanaStudio3.ini')

-Dorg.eclipse.swt.browser.DefaultType=mozilla

That worked for me (at least for the past hour since it used to close after few minutes), I hope it solves your problem as well.


How do I hide the desktop icon for my encrypted swap partition?

Check partitions using fdisk

sudo fdisk -l

Edit or create file 99-hide-disks.rules

sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/99-hide-disks.rules

add line

KERNEL=="partition_name", ENV{UDISKS_IGNORE}="1"

in your case it will be:

KERNEL=="nvme0n1p7", ENV{UDISKS_IGNORE}="1"

Reboot.
All done.


You need to not be logged in as the user whose name you are trying to change, while running the usermod command to change the user name. You will have to log out, log in as a different user (such as root), and run the command without your standard user being logged in.


From your comments on my original answer, it appears that your real question is "Is ~/.profile sourced by GNOME?" The answer is yes. Look in /etc/gdm/Xsession:

# First read /etc/profile and .profile
test -f /etc/profile && . /etc/profile
test -f "$HOME/.profile" && . "$HOME/.profile"
# Second read /etc/xprofile and .xprofile for X specific setup
test -f /etc/xprofile && . /etc/xprofile
test -f "$HOME/.xprofile" && . "$HOME/.xprofile"

Original Answer

From the manpage of bash:

  When bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a
  non-interactive shell with the --login
  option, it first
  reads and executes commands from the file /etc/profile, if that
  file exists.  After reading that file,
  it looks for
  ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login, and ~/.profile, in that order, and
  reads and executes commands from the
  first  one
  that  exists  and is readable.

So you may have a file called .bash_profile or .bash_login in your home directory. If either of these exists, bash will use it instead of .profile.


Second monitor detected but appear to be "off"

It seems that this is typically a connectivity issue. I experienced similar symptoms that went away after re-attaching the cable at the back of the monitor. In other cases, a new or alternative cable should be tried before anything else.


Type command -v gnome-keyring. If the output is empty, run sudo apt install gnome-keyring. Maybe it's missing.


GNU assembler, AKA as, is installed by default on Ubuntu. It is in the package binutils.


"some GUI tools" is pretty vague, so I will just bring suggestions anyways.
The default Ubuntu DE is built with GTK / Gnome 3, and a big player in governing the UI is gnome-shell (I happen to know that both javascript and C are relevant).
Upon this builds Ubuntu's default theme, Yaru.
Alternative desktops include MATE desktop (keeping Gnome 2 alive), LXQt, and KDE.
You could research / approach any or each of these projects / communities to develop an impression on where you would wish to contribute.

The all-in-one resource for working with GTK (thank you, @PJSingh):
https://infrastructure.pages.gitlab.gnome.org/gtk-web/docs/


gfortran not found in Software Center in 12.04

GFortran appears in the Software Centre on my system, also 12.04.

You can skip the Software Centre, and install the compiler from the Terminal: launch the terminal, then type sudo apt-get install gfortran.

If the terminal gives you an error when you do this, please give us the error message.


Drivers for a Intel Desktop Board D865GSA

No, you don't have to use your Windows drivers.
(Linux based OS-es like Ubuntu doesn't use Microsoft's drivers.)


Is it possible to prevent the root user from deleting the kernel?

I'm not sure why you'd want to. If it's to prevent accidents, you could protect any file using:

chattr +i /path/to/file

It IS going to cause issues when updating your kernel packages, though and frankly I don't see the point.

You can also mount your /boot partition as read-only and remount it as read-write only when upgrading kernel packages.

If it's because you don't trust people who have 'root' account access, then why would you grant a privilege that effectively allows the person to nuke your systems in 101 different ways to somebody you don't trust?

PS. Granted, there are other solutions that might allow you to define additional authorization methods but those are much more complicated and I don't think your case justifies their use.


ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'glib' in Python3

You have to install

  Introspection data for GLib, GObject, Gio and GModule

package with

sudo apt-get install gir1.2-glib-2.0

as this is currently a way to import GLib.
See real source code examples from real applications in Debian (and in Ubuntu).


Try this, First: I am using Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install printer-driver-gutenprint openprinting-ppds libgutenprint2 cups-driver-gutenprint

Delete your printer and create a new printer the same as you did last time but this time add the third option/driver = (Gutenprint), NOT the PS & PXL with one (recommended) DO NOT INSTALL THESE, you want the one called Gutenprint V5

Now you should print fine, some printers have trouble rendering Postscript format!

Hope this helps!!!


No sound after unplugging the headphones from the computer

Running
mv  ~/.config/pulse/ ~/.config/pulse_old/

and restarting my machine did the trick.


How to install Free ( liscenced with a key) Bitdefender antivirus from terminal in Ubuntu 16.04?

I use Headless Ubuntu 16.04 Server on all my web servers. Primary setup is AMP with Postfix and Dovecot. My clients get a lot of viruses via email.. so initially, i have a daily cron setup for CLAMWV to scan /vat/vmail/* (All the Virtual Mail Folders).

If you, like me have a few VPS servers, BitDefender community seems quite good... Couple things I do though..

log in via ssh as root
cd /tmp
wget http://download.bitdefender.com/SMB/Workstation_Security_and_Management/BitDefender_Antivirus_Scanner_for_Unices/Unix/Current/EN_FR_BR_RO/Linux/BitDefender-Antivirus-Scanner-7.7-1-linux-amd64.deb.run

chmod +x BitDefender-Antivirus-Scanner-7.7-1-linux-amd64.deb.run
./BitDefender-Antivirus-Scanner-7.7-1-linux-amd64.deb.run`
read some of the T's & C's.. I usually hit CTRL-C - and immediately after type "accept" (without the inverted commas).
It should install bdscan. If you have a GUI instance, bdgui is there too. (The path: /opt/BitDefender-scanner/bin/)
type bdscan --update
type bdscan [where you want to scan] and then the options. e.g.
bdscan /var/vmail/* --action=disinfect (to attempt a disinfect)..

There are quite a few options. If the disinfect isnt thorough.. perhaps a quarantine?

Hope this helps.

Andreas

PS I never bother with the license key, as it wont word if you are using a web server. But for home use.. sure.


Error message when implenting usb/serial module as described by Kaz (May 31, 2013)

It is a warning that the names of your configuration files will change.

You would need to rename the file from foo to foo.conf

You can ignore the message for now but rename it when you upgrade (or now if you prefer).


I can't remove the remnants of a program that failed to install completely and I can't install synaptic

Despite the installed software not showing synaptic, it was installed anyway. Using synaptic I found the broken package and all packages that depended on it by going to status->broken dependencies and marking the main offending package for Complete Removal, then clicked apply and did
sudo apt autoremove.

This doesn't really help if you don't have synaptic when this happens unfortunately.


Can't search Google in Firefox's Start Page (about:home)

I managed to fix it. It seems to have been caused by a corrupted profile.

I found this question helpful:

How to completely uninstall and reinstall Firefox?

I followed the steps, renamed the profile and ran FF again. It's fine now. It's lucky I'm using Sync so nothing was lost :)


I changed the permission for /etc folder. Sudo is not working after that

If you changed permissions recursively (with -R option) then you have a problem, because you have to restore the right permission for each file. If you only changed etc folder permission it is easy to solve.

Download and burn the ubuntu install cd (it is a live-cd).

Insert a live-cd (or a live-usb) in your computer and boot the machine using it (remember to tell your computer/bios to start from the cd/usb if it is not the first option).

Do not select "install ubuntu", select "try ubuntu".

With the live ubuntu running, mount your computer disk and change permissions.

If you don't known how to do it. You can open a terminal (or press Ctrl-Alt-t)
and execute

sudo fdisk -l

This will list all your disks and partitions. Normally your computer disk will be /dev/sda and the main partition will be the greatest linux partition (I assume /dev/sda1). Then execute:

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

Don't worry, you are running the live ubuntu and sudo will work. Now go into mnt:

cd /mnt

and restore the permissions:

sudo chmod 755 etc

Now close the terminal, shutdown the live ubuntu and restart from your computer (eject the cd/usb before restart).

You can follow this process with any linux live-cd.


You can use the shell builtin command "bind" for that.  What you specifically want is:

bind  '"\C-k":"\C-r"'

Put that in your ~/.bashrc file and it should work each time you open up a shell.  For more details checkout the bind section here.


Ubuntu 14.04 is officially released on 17 April 2014. Which is LTS(Long Term Support).

For Question:

  How long for a stable installation for Ubuntu 14.04?

Ubuntu 14.04 LTS will be supported for 5 years for Ubuntu Desktop, Ubuntu Server, Ubuntu Core, Kubuntu, Edubuntu, and Ubuntu Kylin.

From https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LTS:

  A new LTS version is released every 2 years. In previous releases, a
  Long Term Support (LTS) version had 3 years support on Ubuntu
  (Desktop) and 5 years on Ubuntu Server. Starting with Ubuntu 12.04
  LTS, both versions will receive 5 years support. There is no extra fee
  for the LTS version; we make our very best work available to everyone
  on the same free terms. Upgrades to new versions of Ubuntu are and
  always will be free of charge.

  Furthermore, we define the LTS to be:

  Enterprise Focused: We are targeting server and multiple desktop installations, where the average user is moderately risk averse.
  Compatible with New Hardware: We will make point releases throughout the development cycle to provide functional support for new server and
  desktop hardware.
  More Tested: We will shorten the development window and extend the Beta cycle to allow for more testing and bug fixing

Alos visit Release Notes.

If you are talking about system-requirements, then visit: What are the system requirements for each flavour of Ubuntu Desktop


Quickly & Ubuntu App Developer: Returns "State: Failed to build"

Did you add libglib2.0-bin to the "Depends" in the binary section of debian/control, or to the Build-Depends in the source section?

It needs to be in the source (top) section in Build-Depends


How to make video calls with Skype on Ubuntu tablet m10 aquarius?

Skype has not released a voice calling app for Ubuntu phones, or for the ARM architecture, so there is no way to perform video calls with Skype on that device at the moment.

I'd suggest asking Skype to provide an app for Ubuntu phones and tablets.


Traffic going through default interface when there is a static route available

If I see correctly, you have just misstyped the address. You were trying to reach 192.16.57.200 (16 as a second octet) instead of 192.168.57.200. So the default gateway has been selected, because there was no direct way.


Without going to the image, my best guess is to reinstall. How did you make the USB stick? Give us more of an idea of what you have system wise. Two hard drives? Etc.

You may want to try to go through the root(hdX,Y) command, so like root(hd0,0), if that fails, root(hd0,1), etc. This may actually boot to ubuntu studio, but wont fix your grub installation.

Also try this answer: Ubuntu 13.10 Grub 2.0

Edit:
Since the answer above worked, you could edit the file at /etc/boot/grub.lst and put the proper lines in there. Someone with more experience can tell you how to fix it in a more elegant way. There might even be a graphical tool for GRUB2 (search the software center for GRUB2)


After trying everything I could find on line, I reloaded pulse audio and ran "padsp xoscope".  After slowing down the time scale several steps, the signals were there.  This seems linked to the lack of /dev/dsp.  I'm just not sure if it was the reload or something else I tried.

Things tried:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pulseaudio

sudo apt-get install pavucontrol
sudo apt-get install osspd
sudo apt-get install osspd-alsa
osspd xoscope
sudo apt-get install alsa-oss
then type: aoss xoscope
sudo modprobe snd-pcm-oss


configure apache2 to add user's path '/home/user'

Create a subfolder: /home/user/www and place there your site.

In /etc/apache2/sites-available create a file mysite.conf with contents:
<VirtualHost *:80>

 ServerName mysite.local
 DocumentRoot /path/to/your/site

 <Directory "/path/to/your/site">
     AllowOverride All
     Require all granted
 </Directory>

 ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
 CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

Create a symlink to enable the site:
sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/sites-available/mysite.conf /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/mysite.conf

Restart apache:
sudo systemctl restart apache2

Edit /etc/hosts and add:
127.0.1.1    mysite.local

Now if you open in your web browser http://mysite.local you should see your index page, providing you have/created one.


Use

zfs set acltype=posixacl tank/datatank


How to give back to the OSS community without coding?

You can look up for get togethers and meetings of various Opensource projects and help by volunteering and/or hosting or starting a club in your city...


How can I configure Lenovo S540 touchpad on ubuntu 14.04?

You can edit the file /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf as follows. Moreoevr, I used xSwipe to add some "swipe" functionalities.

# Example xorg.conf.d snippet that assigns the touchpad driver
# to all touchpads. See xorg.conf.d(5) for more information on
# InputClass.
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE, your distribution will likely overwrite
# it when updating. Copy (and rename) this file into
# /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d first.
# Additional options may be added in the form of
#   Option "OptionName" "value"
#
Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "evdev touchpad catchall"
        Driver "synaptics"
        MatchIsTouchpad "on"
    MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
    # disable synaptics driver pointer acceleration
    Option "Protocol" "event"
    Option "SHMConfig" "on"
        Option "MinSpeed" "1"
        Option "MaxSpeed" "1"
        # tweak the X-server pointer acceleration
        Option "AccelerationProfile" "2"
        Option "AdaptiveDeceleration" "16"
        Option "ConstantDeceleration" "16"
        Option "VelocityScale" "32"
        Option "TapButton1" "1"     # left click with one finger tap
        Option "TapButton2" "3"     # right click with two finger tap
# This option is recommend on all Linux systems using evdev, but cannot be
# enabled by default. See the following link for details:
# http://who-t.blogspot.com/2010/11/how-to-ignore-configuration-errors.html
      MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
#EndSection

#
#Section "InputClass"
#        Identifier "touchpad ignore duplicates"
#        MatchIsTouchpad "on"
#        MatchOS "Linux"
#        MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/mouse*"
#        Option "Ignore" "on"
EndSection

# This option enables the bottom right corner to be a right button on
# non-synaptics clickpads.
# This option is only interpreted by clickpads.
#Section "InputClass"
#        Identifier "Default clickpad buttons"
#        MatchDriver "synaptics"
#        Option "SoftButtonAreas" "60% 0 0 5% 40% 60% 0 5%"
#       To disable the bottom edge area so the buttons only work as buttons,
#       not for movement, set the AreaBottomEdge
#        Option "AreaTopEdge" "4%"
#EndSection

# This option disables software buttons on Apple touchpads.
# This option is only interpreted by clickpads.
Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "Disable clickpad buttons on Apple touchpads"
        MatchProduct "Apple|bcm5974"
        MatchDriver "synaptics"
        Option "SoftButtonAreas" "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0"
EndSection


Install ubuntu in one specefic drive on win10

Would it be possible that installer is showing your drives but you can't recognize them? Have you made sure you selected "Manual" when asked about partitioning options?

Is it possible for you to post a screenshot (even a camera-shot would do)?

If you do install Ubuntu on one drive, yes, other partitions won't be touched. You will also get an option to boot into Windows, beside Ubuntu.


Cannot receive e-mail when not logged in on ubuntu server

You probably chose to encrypt your home directory. If you're not logged in, the contents of your home are encrypted and inaccessible (as should be), which is why the MDA is having trouble creating/storing it in your home directory.

The easiest solution would be to change the mail storage format from Maildir (which stores mail in each user's home directory) to mbox (which usually stores in /var/spool/mail).


Try this:

Download the appropriate package:

http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/t/tar/tar_1.28-2.1ubuntu0.1_i386.deb  --- 32 bits

http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/t/tar/tar_1.28-2.1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb  --- 64 bits

Open a terminal,Press Ctrl+Alt+T

Run it:

exec sudo -i
cd /home/(username)/Downloads
dpkg -i tar_1.28-2.1ubuntu0.1_i386.deb
or
dpkg -i tar_1.28-2.1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb

If dpkg refuses to work, try this:

Open the file browser in the terminal
Open the .deb file with the archiver manager.
Extract the file data.tar.xz
Open the .xz file with the archiver manager.
Extract directories bin etc
Copy the contents of the directories to the directories /bin /etc
Close the file browser

And continue running:

apt-get update
apt-get dist-upgrade
apt-get install --reinstall tar


How to associate all extensions with their respective programs by XFE file manager?

Try using xdg-open (its full path is /usr/bin/xdg-open and it should be installed by default; no need to install it manually).

xdg-open is a program that "opens a file or URL in the user's preferred application. If a URL is provided the URL will be opened in the user's preferred web browser. If a file is provided the file will be opened in the preferred application for files of that type."

You can find more information at http://www.ubuntugeek.com/xdg-open-%E2%80%94-opens-a-file-or-url-in-the-users-preferred-application.html or by running man xdg-open.


unattended-upgrade does not update security updates

OK what I did and it worked.

when the update appears unclick the Ubuntu base upgrade leave every
thing else.
it should give you an error like its a dependent upgrade.
then go to the Ubuntu softwarecenter "this is what fixes it" it shouldn’t work it asked if you want it fixed say yes.
4.then rerun the Ubuntu upgrade this time clicking the Ubuntu base on so its clicked.
and you are done takes about 5 mins.


Apps in ubuntu is normally deleted through the apt-get purge command.

i would do this

sudo apt-get purge california

then

sudo apt-get autoremove

and

sudo apt-get autoclean

the last two clears your computer from stuffs that is not needed anymore.


Can't boot from any os from hard disk after insalling Ubuntu 16.04 alongside Windows 7

I figured out what is my problem. As @ravery mentioned I've installed ubuntu in legacy mode, so I enabled it from BIOS and grub brought me ubuntu only then I run boot repair in advanced mode selecting default os windows again. At it worked !!!


Is it normal for syndaemon to use 100% CPU?

Syndaemon is «a program that monitors keyboard activity and disables the touchpad when the keyboard is being used». Nothing related to Ubuntu One. The fix to this particular issue seems to have been released already; if you're experiencing this behavior with an up-to-date Natty, please mention this on that bug.


How to add an IP(all ports) and how to remove that ip?

To answer your question, the IP you get is assigned by your ISP.  You have to contact them to get your IP to be held as "static" and that may cost you additional money.

As for access after that, you're looking at just having to port-forward relevant ports in your router. and open the firewall for those ports on the target machine.


According to https://www.dropbox.com/en/help/246, I suggest adding Dropbox's APT repository to your /etc/apt/sources.list by running:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu xenial main"

Then, import Dropbox's GPG keys using:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 1C61A2656FB57B7E4DE0F4C1FC918B335044912E


Ubuntu 21.04 update available then disappears

Formal release refers to the ISO release only. Upgrades are documented as being opened after the actual release, eg. on 20.04 or a LTS release, upgrades occur only after the release of the 20.04.1 ISO, and that can be days-weeks after the actual ISO release. We're still only barely weeks after 21.04 ISO, and as documented there have been issues with britney or the build infrastructure that has meant a backlog & delays on fixes hotting main repositories..

Upgrades from Ubuntu 20.10 to Ubuntu 21.04 are not enabled as it is
possible for some systems to end up in an unbootable state if they use
EFI version 1.10 - bug 1925010. Release upgrades will be enabled once
an updated version of shim is available which is compatible with EFI
version 1.10.

The original shim bug (documented in the release notes as the reason upgrade was first disabled) has been fixed, so the upgrade was turned on... then various users upgrading were filing bugs reporting failure to boot.. another shim problem was detected & thus the upgrade tap was turned off again (to prevent more users upgrading & failing to boot...).
Decisions are made based on users experiences (& bug reports) & the moment a pattern emerges that can be easily fixed (delay upgrade until fixed) - it was enacted & upgrades disabled again (offer disappeared).. No one currently sees the option to upgrade
This is the file your machine checks to see if an upgrade is available

https://changelogs.ubuntu.com/meta-release

or if you attempt upgrade with -d option it looks instead at this file

(https://changelogs.ubuntu.com/meta-release-development

The Ubuntu Release Team control what appears in these files
FYI: It's again SHIM issues impacting other versions & makes... though that's just one issue being watched & part of the decision.  This answer is based on discussions in #ubuntu-release in IRC


Menus with rounded corners are not possible yet with gtk+


to remove operating system selection at the time of booting

I am not sure this is the right place to ask this question, looks like it is more about Microsoft Windows than it is about Ubuntu. However, since I have also been a victim of unnecessary grub i'll help you :)

First, let's confirm, you want is to boot Microsoft Windows automatically without seeing list of operating systems on boot right? If so, what you need to do is, insert a Windows 7 Installation DVD to your optical drive (I am assuming you are using Windows 7, if not act according to your version of Microsoft Windows) and boot from DVD. When it boots, select language, keyboard and such and click next.

On next step, select 'Repair your computer' on the bottom left corner.

When repair options come up, select 'Startup Reapir'.

It may take a few minutes, when it is done computer will reboot and you won't see boot loader menu (grub) again.


How to delete multiple files using rm command?

Yes, you can; you just need to separate the target objects with a space.

For example:

rm -rf folder file.txt

(Where -r is 'recursive', and -f is 'force')

Note: option -rf is being used to delete the folder. If you tried the above without that option, only the file would be deleted, and you'd get something like:

  rm: cannot remove 'folder': Is a directory

As for different directories:

rm file.txt folder/file2.txt


ARM is not Intel based CPU. It's like Raspberry Pi or Smartphone CPU.
*.tar.gz is source code. If you using Intel or AMD choose x64.


You should always provide information about which versions you are using. There are significant differences between Unity in 11.04 and Unity in 12.04, for instance.

In this particular instance, it isn't important, since you can't do this in any of them. However, they are working on a complete replacement for this, which hopefully will land in 12.10. You might be interested in reading up on the current ideas: http://design.canonical.com/2012/03/task-switching-in-ubuntu-and-a-introduction-to-the-spread/

You might also be interested in learning how to contribute to the design. The lead designer, John Lea, wrote a post about that, which you can find here: http://design.canonical.com/2012/02/the-unity-design-process-and-how-you-can-play-a-part-in-it/

The complete Task Switching specification can be found here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1EdrlUuZvA9P8-BZufUU2KlHGjg49p9UacF4MCL0U5uA/edit?pli=1

If you would like to get your ideas in, this is the time to do it. Well, after the holidays, anyway. :)


My Ubuntu Crashed, can't log into the system, what went wrong?

I think there was a dependency problem which was fixed by removing gnome session with the command sudo apt-get -f install. So, you can't log into gnome session.

Try Login in the Unity session. Click on the Ubuntu Logo next to your user name and change it to "Ubuntu"

After login, you can repair some of the missing packages by using this command

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


Lotus Notes on Ubuntu 20.04: install 32 & 64 bit library with different version (libpangox)

Luckily, the i386 library has been updated recently. Now I can have AnyDesk and Lotus Notes running.
$ dpkg -l | grep libpangox-1.0.0
ii  libpangox-1.0-0:amd64                      0.0.2-5ubuntu1                        amd64        pango library X backend
ii  libpangox-1.0-0:i386                       0.0.2-5ubuntu1                        i386         pango library X backend


I believe that this question has previously been asked and also answered. Please follow Backup direction here for a few different options.

There are two GUI solutions. If you want to brave the commandline to do this, then I'd recommend gddrescue rather than dd. Do not confuse it with ddrescue.  Here's how to install it if you choose:

sudo apt-get install gddrescue
man gddrescue

The man page will give you an explanation, though I suspect you're looking for a simple GUI tool like the link provideds.


Yes, they have different path but same organization, from freedesktop standards

XDG_CONFIG_HOME   User-specific configuration files  ~/.var/app/<app-id>/config
XDG_DATA_HOME     User-specific data                 ~/.var/app/<app-id>/data
XDG_CACHE_HOME    Non-essential user-specific data   ~/.var/app/<app-id>/cache

Reference: Flatpak: Requirements & Conventions
Yes with some degree, Issues may raise due to broken compatibly between versions. Manual editing may be needed to fix paths if store within config files, ...


receiving GPG error notification each time I do sudo apt update, and sudo apt upgrade

This repository is obsolete. It was last updated in 2013-2016. You have to disable it from Software & Updates (or software-properties-gtk) and then install VLC from official repository:
sudo apt-add-repository universe
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install vlc


Every keyboard layout that uses dead keys by default has a corresponding (eliminate dead keys)-version. To change keyboard layout, go to System Settings > Keyboard Layout and press the +-button to add a new layout.

If, for example, you want a German layout without dead keys, search for "german" in the search field. You should find the option "German (eliminate dead keys)".


Laptop doesn't suspend when lid is closed

sudo apt-get install laptop-mode-tools

I had the same problem listed here. When the laptop lid closed, the screen turned black and the fan was still on and didn't resume when I opened the lid. After I installed this package, it suspended correctly and resumed when I opened it.


How does one obtain and install KSokoban?

Apparently, KSokoban hasn't been ported to KDE4. Searching in kde.org I could find a few things:

The KDE (Legacy) Games Center says:

  KSokoban

  ...

  Version:  v0.4.2 - KDE 3.x

That's the only mention to the game in games.kde.org.

Its source code doesn't seem to have been changed in years.

There's a bug in bugs.kde.org asking to port it, but its status is "unconfirmed": Bug 167910 - Port KSokoban to KDE4. In that bug is mentioned that KSokoban was being worked on, with the name Magazynier, but I guess it was never released. I couldn't find anything with that name in the repos, and its source code hasn't been touched in more than 2 years. A search for magazynier in projects.kde.org shows no results. In this thread the author says:

  Well, magazynier, which is a sokoban game for KDE4, has a chance to be included in KDE SC 4.5, though it still
  needs some work.

But that seems to be the last.

Other bugs for ksokoban are closed with unmaintained status.

Other than that, there are some mailing list and forum threads that mention it, saying that there is no KSokoban in KDE4.

The project ksokoban in SourceForge, mentioned by @vasa1 in a comment, says it "requires KDE4 and Qt4", but its only file release as of now is a Windows program.


How do I access my ubuntu computer using vncserver/viewer?

Ubuntu also comes with it's own VNC server (called vino), which is easier to use (at the cost of being less configurable). Simply open up "Desktop Sharing" from your dash.

The :78 is referring to your display number, not the port. So, unless you have 79+ screens, you probably don't want to do that. :-) The numbering starts at 0, but 0 is the default anyway, so you don't have to define this when using vncserver.

as jasmines has said, just use ifconfig to show your local IP.
You will need to configure your router to forward a port to your Ubuntu PC. The way you do this is slightly different on all routers. It does not matter that you are using a Windows PC to connect to an Ubuntu PC, it will not change the router configuration. That's all networking. Usually if you have a home router, it should be fairly easy to figure out by poking around in there, otherwise Google for your model.  http://portforward.com/ is also a good site with tutorials on many different router models.

To help you on your way, VNC by default uses port 5900. So you should have port 5900 forwarded on your router to your laptop (or some other random port forwarded to port 5900 on your Ubuntu PC) to allow access to your machine over the internet. You may also want to look at using a dynamic DNS provider, such as no-ip.com, so you can use a DNS name, such as myubuntu.no-ip.com instead of your public IP address (which will change from time to time).


I don't fully understand your iptables listing, or how it came to be so. However, there does appear to be nat and mangle tables, and therefore it is entirely conceivable that your problem packets do not traverse the normal INPUT chain, but rather are directed through the iptables via another path at the prerouting stage (which would only be traversed once per connection, by the way).
You could try adding:

sudo iptables -t raw -A PREROUTING -s IP_OF_ATTACKER -j DROP

I did so on my test computer, and it seems to be working fine:

$ sudo iptables-save -c
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Tue Jun 16 11:12:51 2015
*raw
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [40:2664]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [33:4520]
[31:2696] -A PREROUTING -s 192.168.111.103/32 -j DROP
COMMIT
# Completed on Tue Jun 16 11:12:51 2015
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Tue Jun 16 11:12:51 2015
*nat
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [15:1344]
...

Note: I posted this same answer on your Ubuntu forums posting.


Reinstalling backed-up Ubuntu image after installing windows?

The easiest way of doing what you want is to:

Take a full file backup (Documents, Videos, Music, ...)
Install Windows, wiping everything
"Try Ubuntu" and resize Windows partitions to make space for Ubuntu if your Windows installation disk does not allow not to use only part of your PC
reboot into Windows (to ensure resizing was effective)
shut down completely
Install Ubuntu.
restore your Ubuntu files

Why?

You can take an image back up and restore it, but you also have to:

copy UEFI files
reinstall grub

and those are hard to do


Error: object "ip" is unknown , try "ip help"

If you keep your local ip executable called ip, and not something longer, you can avoid this particular problem. If you rename it to some other one or two character long name, that will also work fine--the problem only happens if its name is three or more characters in length. This may seem strange... so read on for details...

When I run a copy of /bin/ip called eip, I get an error message with p (rather than ip) as the unknown object:

Object "p" is unknown, try "ip help".

I'm wondering if the same is happening to you? (Could there be a typo in your question?) Even if not, I strongly suspect the behavior on your machine is related to what I am seeing.

I found that when I renamed ip to anything longer than two characters, it gave me an "unknown object" error about the rest of the characters:

ek@Io:~$ cp /bin/ip abc
ek@Io:~$ ./abc
Object "c" is unknown, try "ip help".
ek@Io:~$ mv abc foobar
ek@Io:~$ ./foobar
Object "obar" is unknown, try "ip help".
ek@Io:~$ mv foobar 12345
ek@Io:~$ ./12345
Object "345" is unknown, try "ip help".

man ip didn't seem to explain this odd behavior, but I did notice that the first non-option argument to ip is technically called an object:

SYNOPSIS
       ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }

       ip [ -force ] -batch filename

       OBJECT := { link | addr | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | ntable |
               tunnel | tuntap | maddr | mroute | mrule | monitor | xfrm |
               netns | l2tp | tcp_metrics }

....

So I tried changing the characters, after the first two, to these object names:

ek@Io:~$ mv 12345 12addr
ek@Io:~$ ./12addr
1: lo:  mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
....

ek@Io:~$ mv 12addr XXrule
ek@Io:~$ ./XXrule
0:  from all lookup local
32766:  from all lookup main
32767:  from all lookup default

ek@Io:~$ mv XXrule ipl2tp
ek@Io:~$ ./ipl2tp
Usage: ip l2tp add tunnel
          remote ADDR local ADDR
....

So it appears ip is designed to check the name with which it has been invoked, and if it contains more than two characters, to interpret the remaining characters as the name of the object on which to operate. Probably this is so that copies and symbolic links of ip with names like iplink, ipaddr, ipaddrlabel, and so forth, can act as if ip link, ip addr, ip addrlabel, and so on correspondingly were run.

To double check this, I took at look at the source code. The iproute2 package provides /bin/ip, so I searched for that and found it to be provided by the source package of the same name. (This is often but not always the case.) In the code tab, I selected a branch and browsed the code, entering the ip directory and examining ip.c.

I looked in the main function, since that's where most C programs start running. This is the function that begins:

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{

Like many programs' main functions, it consists largely of processing for command-line options. But below that, there's code to handle the various ways ip may be run, and one of them is for when its name is more than two characters long:

if (strlen(basename) > 2)
        return do_cmd(basename+2, argc, argv);

Cool! (Kinda weird--but cool.)

The simplest and best solution is probably just to keep your copy of ip called ip, or some other one- or two-character name. Giving it the same name as the copy of ip in /bin (and pointed to by the /sbin/ip symlink) should not be a problem--your script is already providing a path to the specific executable you wish to run.

However, you might want it to be possible for users to invoke your copy of ip with a command like eip--for example, so they can have a separate command to put in directories in their PATH. This is commonly achieved with a symbolic link, but that will fail here for the same reason calling the copy eip failed in the first place:

ek@Io:~$ ln -s /bin/ip eip
ek@Io:~$ ./eip
Object "p" is unknown, try "ip help".

(I made a symbolic link to my system's /bin/ip, but the same happens when you symlink to a separate copy.)

The solution is to write a wrapper script (named eip, or whatever you like) that invokes ip, passing its arguments along. The script file can look like this:

#!/bin/sh
/path/to/your/ip "$@"


How do I "log" the M most recent images from a webcam using the command-line?

Well ,why don't you try uvccapture or fswebcam both are an excellent choices.

For using uvccapture, install using sudo apt-get install uvccapture and to use
uvvcaputure -m -q100 -x640 -y480 -opic.jpg where pic.jpg is the filename.
Similarly install fswebcam and to use fswebcam $filename,


Problem with release upgrade 9.04 to 9.10

It's probably better to run sudo apt-get -f install and sudo dpkg --configure -a instead.  That should install/upgrade all the packages that were marked by the upgrade process but didn't get installed yet because of the crash.


Try to change the startup application command to -

sh -c  ~/.dropbox-dist/dropboxd

instead of dropbox start -i.

Since you are able to start it with the command, it should work.


Apt-get always triggers tomcat's "setting up"

I've fixed my own problem. I first rebooted into recovery mode, subsequently I chose the 'fix packages' option. It did error, and resuming got me into an infinite boot loop, but it still fixed enough so that I can use the package manager properly.


Try this:

chmod g+s /srv/folder

This will sticky the group permission of any new files to that of the parent - if I understand correctly what you want to do.


Will Ubuntu work on the Asus - 2-in-1 15.6" Touch-Screen Laptop Q552UB-BHI7T12

brightness control shortcut keys work fine with acpi_osi= added to end of boot args (/etc/default/grub) also the external subwoofer works fine with firmware mods using hda-jackretask. bumbelbee works great but requires very specific install directions ill try and post on ubuntu forums and add url later. The wireless sucks intel 7265 unless the power for both sata controllers is set to min_power

echo min_power > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/link_power_management_policy
echo min_power > /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/link_power_management_policy

which slows everything down or you can disable 802.11n /etc/modprobe/iwlwifi.conf

options iwlwifi 11n_disable

If more specific directions would be helpfull to anyone ill try and do a proper write up.


How to allow everyone on SMB (Samba) to edit

You need to make your share writable, by default it is read-only

On Ubuntu you need to right click on your share folder and in settings check what you want (writable).
Or from command line chmod +w yoursharedfolder


Install dotnet 2.0 on Ubuntu 15.04 without using Wine1.7

To solve this error:

  err:winediag:SECUR32_initNTLMSP ntlm_auth was not found or is outdated.

you need to install winbind:

sudo apt-get install winbind

  This Samba package provides a daemon which integrates authentication and directory service (user/group lookup) mechanisms from a Windows domain on a Linux system.

This will probably fix your main error:

  Note: command 'wine dotnetfx.exe' returned status 84.  Aborting.

as .NET does require a working ntlm_auth.

Related:

All .NET versions fail to install in 1.7.18


How can I personalize my MacBook Pro Touchpad?

You can modify the relevant section of the file /etc/X11/xorg.conf.  If the file doesn't exist, create one.  An example file to show you the proper format is this:

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier         "Touchpad"
    Driver             "synaptics"
    MatchIsTouchpad    "on"
    Option         "ClickFinger3" "2"
    Option         "HorizTwoFingerScroll" "1"
    Option         "VertScrollDelta" "85"
    Option         "HorizScrollDelta" "85"
    Option         "TapButton1" "0"
    Option         "TapButton2" "0"
    Option         "TapButton3" "0"
    Option         "FingerHigh" "8"
    Option         "FingerLow" "8"
EndSection

You can delete, modify, or add option lines.  Here are some frequently used options. (The link refers to another file, but don't worry about that; the path I gave will do the same thing)

Since it's cumbersome to restart each time to test your configuration, I recommend using synclient at the command line.  Here's another Arch wiki link that explains how to use synclient.  Besides using it to test values for options, you can also see what the default values are for the options you didn't set.


Do not see login window in Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS

Indeed, you are right, yesterday, for an application, I had connected our smart TV to my computer with a HDMI-cable.
And after that I did not remove the cable.
I was thinking, I let that cable connected.
I have to thank you very much for your answer with the helping question.
Kind regards,
Gaston Verhulst.


Acer Aspire One and Kernel 2.6.35-25 Freeze


Accidentally typed password in username input, any logs to clear?

/var/log/auth.log

Search for "Invalid user"


I found the same question and the related answer on launchpad

Specifically:

mkdir build
cd build
cmake .. -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=~/staging
make install

And then in a VT (Ctrl+Alt+F1):
cd ~/staging
env DISPLAY=:0 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=./lib ./bin/compiz --replace composite opengl move resize decor compiztoolbox mousepoll wall expo animation switcher

That way you're not affecting your system installation. Everything runs from ~/staging.


You can only ask Lenovo if they provide you with the image or installation media or check their website, there's no download for this available from ubuntu.

Perhaps a standard image would work, just try it.


How should I proceed dealing with /var/lib/dpkg/ before trying to delete the lockfile?

From question #2, you can use killall aptd to kill the processes, or a GUI task manager, then delete the lockfile, and restart your system. Should be fine as long as aptd and dpkg are not running.

Once you restart, you might not be able to use apt-get or dpkg again right away and it'll be locked again while it does its thing.  Again, you will have to wait until they're done because the system updater will likely be looking for available updates.  If you end up with a perma-lock again, then you have another issue with your system.


I can't play mp3's with Rhythmbox from my Dropbox folder

Check the permission on your Dropbox folder.  More than likely the do not have the execute permission enabled.

Cntrl + Alt + T to open Terminal

Enter

chmod ug+rwx ~/Dropbox

This will enable execution of files in the folder for your application.

Then, close Terminal and re-try your files with Rhythmbox.

Alternatively, you can open Nautilus and navigate to your Dropbox foler.

Right-click the mp3 file, click Properties, the select the Permissions tab.  Be sure all users and groups have Read and Write
Access.


Internal mic is not working on a Dell Studio 1558

There is a bug report related with this issue. See the link below. No easy solution so far.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pulseaudio/+bug/731706


Ubuntu Won't Boot After Install on Samsung NP915S3G: error "All boot options are tried."

Thats it working now guys, thanks for the help. I simply retried Boot Repair and ensured that "Separate /boot/efi partition" was ticked in the advanced options. This link was of great help.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI#Identifying_if_the_computer_boots_the_Ubuntu_DVD_in_EFI_mode

Is there a way to mark this as solved like things were in the forums? Or any other etiquette to follow?


Installing software without Ubuntu Software Center

In codeblocks download section there are three options available.

Binaries
Source
SVN

Binaries

If you downloaded the package from Binaries section then your file will be something like this "codeblocks-10.05-1-debian-i386.tar.bz2"

untar the package file

lbzip2 -d codeblocks-10.05-1-debian-i386.tar.bz2
tar xvf codeblocks-10.05-1-debian-i386.tar

or

tar xvjf codeblocks-10.05-1-debian-i386.tar.bz2

Then use dpkg -i package_name.deb or dpkg -i *.deb to install the package. Make sure you run the deb in proper order to avoid dependencies.

Source

Download the file, sample: codeblocks-10.05-1debian-src.tar.bz2 and untar it the same way how it is done for binaries.

./configure
make
make install

make sure you have installed build-essential before trying the above steps.

SVN

You need install SVN package before proceeding the following steps.

Code base is at repository: http://svn.berlios.de/svnroot/repos/codeblocks/trunk

Checkout the code using command svn checkout http://svn.berlios.de/svnroot/repos/codeblocks/trunk. (This step needs internet connection.)

Read the README & README.debian for instructions on how to install without internet-access


How to change the default application to open xml file in Ubuntu Bionic Beaver (development branch)?

Problem:

sellerp18@sellerp18-MS-7788:~/Desktop/pm_new$ cat -n  ~/.config/mimeapps.list | grep xml
     7  text/xml=firefox.desktop
     8  application/xhtml+xml=firefox.desktop
     9  application/rss+xml=firefox.desktop
    10  application/rdf+xml=firefox.desktop
    82  image/svg+xml=eog.desktop
    83  image/svg+xml-compressed=eog.desktop
   140  application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document=libreoffice-writer.desktop
   143  application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet=libreoffice-calc.desktop
   149  application/xml=org.gnome.gedit.desktop
   152  text/xml=firefox.desktop;
   153  application/rss+xml=firefox.desktop;
   154  application/rdf+xml=firefox.desktop;
   223  image/svg+xml=eog.desktop;
   224  image/svg+xml-compressed=eog.desktop;
   272  application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document=libreoffice-writer.desktop;
   275  application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet=libreoffice-calc.desktop;
   283  application/xml=sublime-text.desktop;libreoffice-writer.desktop;

Solution:

I executed the following command to remove the default application from the file ~/.config/mimeapps.list

 sed -i '/xml/d'  ~/.config/mimeapps.list

After that, right-click on a .xml file, choose Properties, and click the "Open with" tab.


Ubntu 14.04.3LTS+Radeon HD6950 OUT OF RANGE MONITOR

I know this is not a real answer to your question regarding "how to tune my resolution"

But did you try to install the driver from AMD side?
AMD Driver

You should install first the "Minimal Video Driver for Graphics Accelerators" and afterwards the "Video Driver for Graphics Accelerators"

As a Alternativ you can check if you can use a other connection to you Monitor. Let's say currently you using HDMI but your PC and Monitor also support DVI give it a try.


How can I run an OpenGL program on a headless server?

You could try running a VNC server or a dummy X server.

However, it may be that freeglut will connect and then immediately die because that server doesn't have any GL support.


Flash refuses to work on Firefox Ubuntu 18.04

This is a new issue. :)

browser-plugin-freshplayer-pepperflash does currently not work with recent versions of Firefox; please see bug #1778041.

Solution: Uninstall browser-plugin-freshplayer-pepperflash

Edit:

After a long issue tracking talk in the comments on this answer I'd like to add:

The Flash plugin does not work together with the Firefox snap, at least not yet. So if you want to use Flash with your Firefox browser, install and use Firefox from the Ubuntu archive:

sudo apt install firefox


Preventing pop-up dialogs when connecting an MTP device

sudo apt-get install mtp-tools mtpfs

Executing this command will install the necessary tools and the error won't appear. A complete reboot might be needed.


unable to locate libcurl4-gnutls-dev:i386 on ubuntu14.04.3 [don't starve server]

I dont know why you are unable to locate the package, but you could download it from packages.ubuntu.com and install it manually.
Go to the location of the downloaded file and type:

  dpkg -i libcurl4-gnutls-dev_7.35.0-1ubuntu2.5_i386.deb


What will happen to i386 software since Ubuntu will drop support to i386 ISOs?

Future support

There will be support for i386 systems for several years. For example, Ubuntu 16.04 LTS will be supported until April 2021 (totally 5 years of support).

Some community flavours, for example Lubuntu, intend to continue with i386 kernels beyond the deadline of standard Ubuntu. Lubuntu has a light desktop environment and comes with light application programs, so it works well in old computers with 32-bit hardware.

Links:

www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2017/09/ubuntu-17-10-32-bit-builds-dropped

Post at the Ubuntu Forums by kansasnoob with links

What will happen to i386 software after Ubuntu's end of support

It is not easy to forecast what will happen to i386 software after Ubuntu's end of releasing desktop iso files several years away. It is easier to describe the near future.

The basic software in Ubuntu will be supported. Ubuntu will continue to release mini.iso files.
Ubuntu community flavours, for example Lubuntu, will continue to support its software and release iso files.
But we can expect that i386 versions of various software packages will gradually lose support and become deprecated.
After a few more years I think also mini.iso and the community flavours will drop the i386 iso files, because very few people will use them.
There will probably remain linux support from ultra-light distros like Puppy Linux and Tiny Core with 32-bit iso files for a longer time.


You need to type

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:langdalepl/gvfs-mtp

to add the repository  you want.

MTP is needed to access those device  which use Media Transfer Protocol to share data .

you can olso install libmtp9  by typing

sudo apt-get install libmtp9


Is Google support for Chrome in 64-bit Ubuntu 12.04 really ending?

Chrome is a 3rd party application. They have their own support cylcle and it is unfortunate it does not match Ubuntu's support cycle. Canonical is not responsible for this browser.

  Do Google not realise 12.04 had a 64-bit version? Or will updates eventually come to an end on this machine?

Yes, they do. The notice they made is not just about 32-bit but also about Ubuntu 12.04:

Google Chrome is to drop support for all 32-bit Linux distros from March, 2016.
Google Chrome will also drop support for Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (which will receive critical and security bug fixes from Canonical until mid 2017).

It is their choice to kill of the 32-bit version. Probably saved them money and resources so it might even be a logical step.

So if you want to use Chrome and use a version that has all the upgrades your options are to upgrade to 14.04, 15.10 or the upcomming 16.04.

By the way: the browser for Ubuntu is Chromium. Canonical takes care of this browser during the support life cycle of Ubuntu.


How to remove MOTD segment when no updates/upgrades?

You can probably do something like:

if [ -r "$stamp" ]
then
    awk '{c += $1; out = out "\n" $0} END {if (c != 0) print out}' /var/lib/update-notifier/updates-available
fi

This just takes the sum of the first field and prints the file if the sum is non-zero.


My Ubuntu runs both Unity and GNOME Shell at the same time

Looks like the program unity-2d-panel is running at login, start up startup applications and uncheck it. If it doesn't appear run this from a terminal: sudo sed -i "s/NoDisplay=true/NoDisplay=false/g" /etc/xdg/autostart/*.desktop and logout and in again before restarting startup applications.


18.04 thunderbird font on XFCE has floating pixels

I had a similar problem and I installed the latest version of Thunderbird (60) and it fixed the problem.


It's against the EULA, but in general, each provision of a EULA is treated separately (at least, according to Wikipedia), i.e. so a part of a EULA might be found to be legally non-binding.  The legality depends on where you are, but if you're in the US, I would guess it's illegal because of the DMCA.  Apple sued a clone manufacturer(Psystar) several years ago for selling machines with OS X installed on them.  They sued under several different legal reasons, but one of them was that Apple uses encryption methods protected under the DMCA to keep OS X from being installed on non-Apple hardware.  The court found that indeed the DMCA was violated and Apple won.


The hardware specs for the Eyetoy are 320×240 @ 25fps. It's a really cheap and now very old camera. The Playstation Eye was somewhat better but far outside what you'd consider decent.

I don't know what Skype is doing but I suspect it's a software effect.

In terms of security cameras, these might be okay (you might want lower resolution) but I'd consider something better at entry points. I could easily imagine people in 320×240 stills being unrecognisable and thus material being inadmissable. Here's a decent guide of what you should be aiming for.

I've since bought a second hand Eyetoy and the picture quality on 14.04 is fine. The lens and sensor are awful examples of cheap hardware but the quality isn't nearly as bad as your example. Even in an otherwise pitch-black drawer (with just the red video light), it isn't grainy. Sound is good too.

That's from vlc v4l2:///dev/video0 :input-slave="alsa://hw:2,0"

But the framerate is an issue. Through avconv I'm only getting 7 frames per second. Capturing in VLC only gets 7.5FPS. This side of things does look like a driver issue. It also looks like a regression in V4L2 because there are Ubuntu-recorded videos on Eyetoys that aren't that slow.


VNC server on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS with Unity

Ubuntu 16.04 has a default VNC server VINO and VINO runs with Unity without problems.

Learn more at
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VNC/Servers


Unable to mount an LVM Hard-drive after upgrade

Solution discovered hours later!
This is a problem of LVM config not being preserved during the fresh install, and the install takes no interest in other disks in the system (sigh).
The clue for this came from:  http://linuxwave.blogspot.sg/2007/11/mounting-lvm-disk-using-ubuntu-livecd.html
(This mini-editor makes a mess of text output!)

pvscan
vgscan
lvscan
vgchange -a y

root@argentine:/home/bruce# pvscan
 PV /dev/sdb1   VG tera01   lvm2 [931.00 GiB / 0    free]
Total: 1 [931.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [931.00 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]

root@argentine:/home/bruce# vgscan
Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
Found volume group "tera01" using metadata type lvm2

root@argentine:/home/bruce# lvscan
inactive          '/dev/tera01/teravol00' [931.00 GiB] inherit

root@argentine:/home/bruce# vgchange -a y
1 logical volume(s) in volume group "tera01" now active

root@argentine:/home/bruce# lvscan
ACTIVE            '/dev/tera01/teravol00' [931.00 GiB] inherit

root@argentine:/home/bruce# mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /tera
mount: /dev/sdb1 already mounted or /tera busy

root@argentine:/home/bruce# mount -t ext3 /dev/tera01/teravol00 /tera
root@argentine:/home/bruce# ls -l /tera
total 32
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root  4096 Jun  2  2008 export
drwxrwxrwx. 5 root root  4096 Nov 15  2009 kept
drwx------  2 root root 16384 May 16  2009 lost+found

root@argentine:/home/bruce#

Bingo!!! (I really didn't want to dig them out of the backups!)
I then tried to add the following to  to /etc/fstab (for re-boot)

/dev/tera01/teravol100     /tera   ext3    defaults    0   2

but that didn't work, so I finally used the GUI system-config-lvm to set it to mount on re-boot. (I think it did something in the background to also activate LVM on re-boot.)

Hope this helps someone in the future.


How to automatically graph the output of a shell function

I don't know about the generation being done "automatically", but you can certainly automate it.

Gnuplot might be your best bet.

Here's a brief tutorial.

Here's another method to extract some data from ffmpeg:  http://forums.creativecow.net/thread/291/71

xgraph and ploticus might also be of use.


Well since you installed using dpkg, then press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below:

sudo dpkg --remove <package name>; sudo dpkg --purge <package name>

Then do

sudo apt-get purge <package name>

If you still have problems then look at How to Completely Remove a Package


The difference in format appears to be (not tested) caused by /usr/share/i18n/locales/en_US having date_fmt set in version 19.10 but not in 18.04. To fix (avoid) the problem, I changed my locale to en_AU.UTF-8.

sudo vi /etc/locale.gen

and uncommented en_AU.UTF-8.

sudo locale-gen
sudo update-locale LANG=en_AU.UTF-8
exit

I did this on both servers and they now report the date in the same format.


Ubuntu reinstallation side by side with Windows XP

Do not select the "reinstall" option, that will wipe out the disk.  Select "Something Else", then since you know what partitions you are using, use those for the installation, and checkoff the format box.  This is pretty straightforward, after you dodge the "reinstall" wording  issue.


Is the Ubuntu kernel open source and available for download and building?

I think this will help you https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Kernel/Compile/


Ubuntu 13.10 isn't remembering my passwords anymore, why?

It appears as though the keyring is failing.

Steps to fix:

Click the Ubuntu icon in your Dash.
Type seahorse
Check if your passwords are there.
Click View and By Keyring
Right Click on Login and Change Password. Enter your old login (even if you didn't change it) and change it to your CURRENT password. The problem should be resolved.

If you still experience the problem, there is something wrong with the password storage system.

Try installing from a CLEAN Ubuntu. Upgrading doesn't always work...


How to do dual boot in Windows 8.1 pre-installed laptop with UEFI/Secure boot, and this can cause lost of warranty?

For information on installing Ubuntu in dual-boot with Windows 8 or 8.1 on an EFI-based system, see:

Installing Ubuntu Alongside a Pre-Installed Windows with UEFI
The Ubuntu UEFI wiki
My page on EFI-mode Linux installations

Note that there's a lot of bad information out there relating to EFI-mode installations, so following random instructions you find on the net can easily lead you astray.

In theory, disabling Secure Boot should not be required. In practice, it's usually not required, although in some cases it is. There are, however, other firmware and/or Windows options that must be changed -- in particular, the Windows Fast Startup feature, and occasionally a firmware feature with a similar name. See my page for details.

As to warranties, I'm sure that varies by country. In many cases, though, manufacturers or vendors make flat-out false claims about how installing an "unauthorized" OS will void the machine's warranty. They're certainly under no obligation to provide Ubuntu support to you, but if (say) the disk dies, chances are they'll replace it no matter what OS you've installed. That said, I'm not a lawyer, and unless I've overlooked it, you haven't provided the critical detail of what country you're in. That detail will determine what laws apply.


nvidia black screen at lightdm when switching from intel to nvidia gpu

After banging my head against the wall for 2 days I figured out why it wasn't working.

I should mention I installed CUDA 7.5 and that also installs Nvidia drivers 352.  I also have a fresh copy of 14.04.3 installed and only updated before installing those CUDA drivers from Nvidias website.

After looking at the Xorg log I found GLX wasn't loading.  I learned that first a kernel module gets loaded and then GLX and then something like LibGL.  To fix the GLX issue I installed a few packages.

sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia linux-headers-generic

After doing that everything worked to my surprise.  I have no idea why this isn't installed in the process, but I reported the bug to Nvidia either way.

I'm just starting messing around with CUDA, but it seems like this shouldn't of took 2 days to get working.


error encountered while installing zend server

Got the solution:

The php is already installed

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get remove php did worked for me


Host a website locally on ubuntu server 14.04 over wifi

Your private network is for example 192.168.0.XXX (or another range )

you connect your server (wifi or ethernet) to that network, and assign a static ip address (one that won't change when router or machine is rebooted ), like 192.168.0.151.
you need to create a virtualhost for that ip listening on port 80, and/or if you want to use a domain name, you must eventually install a dns server on your network or edit hosts file on client machine.
Then you can access to your app on the brokser on http://192.168.0.115/pat/to/app (or with the domain name if you configured that)

For the graphical tools :

install Phpmyadmin on the server to admin mysql databases, or open port 3306 to access with a desktop db client like dbvisualizer.
install a ftp server (service) like vsftpd on ubuntu server, and access it from the client with filezilla


problems getting canon mg2920 to work with latest 64bit desktop version of Ubuntu. Did my legwork!

According to Canon:

  "There is no driver for the OS Version you selected. The driver may be included in your OS or you may not need a driver."

In other words if Ubuntu doesn't support it, then you have to build your own driver.

It's not a bad idea to try to use a driver for a different model, but this usually yields poor results.


Ralink RT3290 wifi/bluetooth driver not working

Two possible problems here:

RFkill blocks device.

Note the Hard blocked: yes line in your output above.
You can try to switch it on with sudo rfkill unblock all.
Also make sure that you have turned on Wi-Fi hardware switch on the laptop itself.
Old driver issue. I do not believe in that as Ralink drivers are stable.

You can stay on 14.04 LTS but use newer kernel on it. While using Ethernet connection, install the 4.4 kernel from 16.04 LTS with sudo apt-get install linux-image-generic-lts-xenial.


Why do I get Ubuntu Classic instead of Unity the first time I log in after rebooting?

Maybe there has been some change in the video configuration or the graphics card driver has been updated, unity doesn't support that change/update and, consequently, it falls to classic desktop.

Anyway, I'd take a look at /var/log to verify if some problem regarding unity has been logged.


Thank you for your question. As I was looking at it, I discovered that my system had the same problem as yours after upgrading to Natty, yesterday. I believe the problem is that the UUID of the swap partition changed during the upgrade. Here is how I fixed it.

Run sudo blkid. This will show the current UUID's of all partitions on the disk. I suspect you will see that the UUID of your swap partition now differs from the value in /etc/fstab.
If it is different, run some text editor under sudo to edit /etc/fstab. Replace the value of the UUID with the current actual value as shown by the blkid command, above. Do not include the quotation marks.
Save the file and reboot your system. Run free -m to make sure the change fixed the problem:

$ free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          1001        604        396          0        123        199
-/+ buffers/cache:        281        719
Swap:         1953          0       1953


The ip utility is usually built to match specific kernel versions so L2TPV3 probably is not something easily added in the default install. Looking at the bigger Linux version it seems that L2TPv3 is not yet on the radar: Redhat, SUSE,  OpenBSD and Ubuntu do seem to have it in the kernel, but none of them have it enabled.

So options ...

Use Ubuntu and compile it yourself. Besides that you could open a bug making a case for it to be included.
Use another operating system that does support it out of the box. One distribution that does enable L2TPv3 is Debian Squeeze, but only in their optional 2.6.38/39 kernels.


Boot screen appears to be asking a question but garbled

Yippie !  I am loving UBUNTU.... and thank God this worked because I have KICKED Windows to the curb !

Two things was going on, found the resolution in your KB;
Ubuntu 12.04 NVIDIA GeForce Go 7600 black screen during boot

2nd thing Iwas seeing on the garbled screen was in fact the AUTOFSCK message (now legible) after setting Terminal=console.

Cheers everybody, keep up the FANTASTIC work !


Ubuntu 18.04 gnome-tweaks: how to add a script in Startup Applications?

You should find another GUI application called "Startup Applications" installed. You can also launch it by running

gnome-session-properties

Use this instead to add your script to the list of start-up applications in an easy way.


According to man pam_umask (libpam-modules version 1.3.1-5ubuntu4.1)1:

   The PAM module tries to get the umask value from the following places
   in the following order:

   ·   umask= entry in the user's GECOS field

   ·   umask= argument

   ·   UMASK= entry from /etc/default/login

   ·   UMASK entry from /etc/login.defs (influenced by USERGROUPS_ENAB in
       /etc/login.defs)

So it should be possible to set a per-user umask for user someuser in the GECOS field, for example using
sudo chfn -o umask=0444 someuser

and then either setting umask=0022 in the pam_umask entry in /etc/pam.d/sshd file - or perhaps better, omit the umask= there altogether so that other users fall back to the umask specified in the default files.

Notes:

the order appears to be different in earlier versions, prioritizing the umask= argument in the configuration file above that in the GECOS entry.


MPD will be able to do this, and also streaming if you so desired. The setup can be a bit tricky but once you figure it out it's not too bad.

Once you have MPD setup, handy wiki page here, I'd look into client175 for an interface, it has a nice and pretty fully featured web interface for MPD.


If this is an image of a whole hard drive or as in your case this might be an image of an extended partition, you will need to know the partition layout and the offsets of each partition in the file to be able to mount them.

To do this you will need the parted tool, you can install it with the following command:

apt-get install parted

After installing parted, start it with the path to your image file. A parted prompt will be shown:

$ parted /path/to/image/file/sda5.img
GNU Parted 2.3
.....
(parted)

In this prompt (prefixed with (parted)) type the following commands:

(parted) unit B
(parted) print
.....
Number  Start          End            Size           Type     File system  Flags
 1      1048576B       1573912575B    1572864000B    primary  ntfs         boot
 2      1573912576B    156774694911B  155200782336B  primary  ntfs
 3      156774694912B  171454758911B  14680064000B   primary  ntfs
 4      171454758912B  180044693503B  8589934592B    primary

(parted) q

The table in the output will tell you the offsets of each partition in the file and the filesystem type in each partition. For example to mount the first partition in the exemplary output above you will need to enter following command:

sudo mount -o loop,ro,offset=1048576 /path/to/image/file/sda5.img /mnt/partition

Make sure that /mnt/partition exists first.


traffic shaping with TC(CLASSFUL QDISCS,like prio,HTB,CBQ)now working after upgrade ubuntu from 14.04 to 16.04

I've seen the same behavior on centos with docker 1.13 and later (I haven't tried earlier docker builds). In my case I was able to get packets moving with the htb qdisc attached by explicitly setting the direct_qlen to a nonzero value. For example:

tc qdisc add dev docker0 root handle 1: htb default 1024 direct_qlen 1000


While I've never found any documentation discussing this my personal experiences have shown that Wine assigns different letters to each prefix, which I guess makes sense because when you install multiple versions of Windows for real there are certain circumstances that can result in each installation having a different letter drive rather than all using C:\ (Eg: the use of logical partitions.) but it's still really weird.

Short hand commands for Wine only seem to work for default prefix because the command assumes the use of C:\ . When you install wine it creates a prefix and assigns it as C:\ any additional prefixes you make may have different letter drives. You will need to find out which letter drive your 2nd prefix is using. Most likely D:\ .

One way to be sure would be to copy cmd.exe from Windows (Not the Wine cmd.exe it doesn't work) to the prefix and launch it. It's located at C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe and it will read something like D:\Users\Username.

Example Wine Command For Launching 7-zip:

wine start 'C:\Program Files\7-zip\7zFM.exe'

Keep in mind that if the software installed within the Wine prefix is configured for a C:\ setup but is running from a D:\ configured prefix, then it won't run unless it's a simple program that doesn't need to look for other files or that uses %SYSTEMDRIVE% or a variant when searching rather than D:\ . Wine really needs to provide a more in depth explanation of the multi-prefix feature, because clearly some odd stuff goes on.


Unable to create new folders on Ubuntu and Permissions tab is all greyed out

Where do you want to create a new folder?

By the way, always you can do as root by running a command in terminal by using Sudo:

sudo mkdir you_folder_name


How to install mssql-server in Ubuntu 19.04?

I based my answer on this one for 18.10. Install these packages:

libssl1.0.0_1.0.1t-1+deb8u11_amd64.deb and
libjemalloc1_3.6.0-11_amd64.deb

with the commands:

sudo dpkg -i libssl1.0.0_1.0.1t-1+deb8u11_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libjemalloc1_3.6.0-11_amd64.deb


Does the Intel 320 SSD work out-of-the-box?

I'm using an Intel 320 SSD (80GB) and have no issues with it in Oneiric 11.10. I don't expect issues in Precise 12.04 either. The installer does a good job at aligning the partitions if needed but you need to enable trim after installation manually.

SSDs are generally well-supported, see also How well are SSDs supported?

For HDD vs SSD, see What about the performance enhancement when using an SSD as the main disk?


I am using Ubuntu 14.04LTX. Our office has a Toshiba e-Studio 2050c, it was printing perfectly with the open source standard driver and suddenly stopped. I searched for Linux drivers without luck and finally tried ones for other e-Studio models.

This one worked - http://www.openprinting.org/printer/Toshiba/Toshiba-e-Studio_2830c

D/l'd the .ppd file - removed and reinstalled the printer, selecting "supply .ppd file". Back in business, good luck.


First, try disabling Secure Boot. Although Ubuntu theoretically supports Secure Boot, there are still a lot of problem reports concerning Secure Boot, particularly in dual-boot configurations. I think it's unlikely that disabling Secure Boot will immediately solve your problems, but it will make it more likely that any given thing you try to fix your problem will succeed.

Second, there are a number of things you can try to fix your boot problem, including:

Install my rEFInd boot manager. Note that there are USB flash drive and CD-R images you can try before trying the whole thing; however, they won't boot your Linux kernels directly unless you hit F2 or Insert twice and add ro root=/dev/sda9. If you install the Debian package, you should no longer need to do this. The USB/CD-R images should also boot both Windows and Linux via GRUB successfully.
Run the Boot Repair tool. This program can fix a lot of boot problems, although it does sometimes fail, and on rare occasion it can actually make matters worse by rendering Ubuntu unbootable.
Create a proper /etc/grub.d/40_custom entry for Windows. The one in your original question might work on a BIOS-based system, but under EFI, it will fail. You'd want something that looks more like this:

.

menuentry "Windows" {
    insmod part_gpt
    insmod chain
    set root='(hd0,gpt1)'
    chainloader /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
}

Note that this exact 40_custom entry doesn't always work; you may need to tweak it for your system. (What works on one computer often fails miserably on another.)


Receiving the error: snapd.snap-repair.service is a disabled or a static unit, not starting it

I also had the same problem and I solved it like this:

sudo fuser -vki /var/lib/dpkg/lock
sudo apt purge snapd
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt dist-upgrade
sudo apt install snapd