What causes Dell XPS 13 ProjectSputnik to wake up randomly after suspend and how to fix it?

This Launchpad bug looks like it might be the same issue you're experiencing:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/dell-sputnik/+bug/1161962

I suggest that you add a post to that bug describing your symptoms, and in particular the message "acpid: client 1669[0.0] has disconnected".

The Trackpad lost sync / resynced messages are normal side-effects of the suspend/resume process (they occur around every suspend/resume on the XPS 13) but the acpid message is not common, and might relate to your wakeup problem.


Unable to access “BCM21553 Thunderbird and Unable to open MTP device '[usb:001,004]' when connecting SamsungY Android device

Sorry, you are going to have to work around this issue.

Strongly recommend you ONLY use (older) 'mass storage' mode, for Android 2.x or 3.x.

While MTP has been improved, and does work well on more recent devices, you need to be using at least Android 4.2.2 to see any advantage. I have had no recent issues with Android 4.2.2 or 4.4, when connecting a device to Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, 13.10 or 14.04 LTS.

The various smartphone vendors, and Google / Android, will NOT be making any further attempts to improve MTP for earlier Android variants. Nor will Canonical (or other open source contributors) be able to make the Ubuntu end of this puzzle work any better.


How to install 32 Bit Wine on 64 Bit Ubuntu?

Things have changed a few times since my original answer. 64bit prefixes versions of Wine are pretty capable these days. I haven't had a pure 32bit version in at least a few years.

Your "Wine prefix" (traditionally at ~/.wine/, but settable via env WINEPREFIX) controls how things will be run for the lifetime of that prefix. If you set up a 32bit prefix, everything will run in 32bit mode in that prefix. Conversely, if you don't do anything and run anything special, you'll create a Wine64 environment.

If you're starting a new prefix (ie on a new install of Ubuntu), you'll need to do a few special things:

# Move the old prefix (if one exists)
# You could rm -rf it if you don't want it.
mv ~/.wine/ ~/oldwine/

# Create prefix with right arch, per
# http://wiki.winehq.org/FAQ#32_bit_wineprefix
WINEARCH=win32 winecfg

And that's it. Unless you're specifying another prefix that doesn't exist yet, you shouldn't need to set WINEARCH again.

The revision history to this answer holds additional information that I don't think is relevant in 2018. This is mostly point and shoot these days.


You may also want to have a look at the AppIndicator Reference Manual.


Setting up a web server, using multiple user accounts

You'd need to enable the userdir module for apache

sudo a2enmod userdir

And restart apache (sudo service apache2 restart)

If you need to use php as well inside the user directories :

sudo apt-get install php5
sudo a2enmod php5

Open /etc/apache2/mods-available/php5.conf and remove/comment the following lines :

<IfModule mod_userdir.c>
    <Directory /home/*/public_html>
        php_admin_value engine Off
    </Directory>
</IfModule>

After this, everything you put in ~/public_html will automatically be available at http://example.com/~username.
Make sure you are aware of the security issues involved before you do this (especially the php part)

Source: Ubuntu Wiki


You can't really do an upgrade from 10.10 to a recent version without passing through a lot of intermediate versions. A better plan would be to do a clean install after copying any files you want to keep elsewhere.

Also, if it's that old, you might consider Lubuntu, as it is less demanding of memory and processing.


apt-get update updates your whole system (if that software is part of any repository that is). Not just zend server.

From the zend server website:

  Upgrading Zend Server

  Upgrading Zend Server can be performed using the following programs:

  'aptitude'
     'apt-get'

  To perform this action you must have root privileges.

It means that the update of this bit of software is done by update manager. If there is no update apt-get will not show any results.

Package name seems to be zend-server-php-x.y where x.y is the PHP version. You can check your repository since there should be a line included for this installation:

deb http://repos.zend.com/zend-server/deb server non-free

All the packages inside this repository belong to zend server and apt-get update will check these for newer versions.


How can I type a path in Unity's Open File dialog?

Press Ctrl+L to switch to address-bar from the "path-bar" (and vice versa).


After a brief look at https://launchpad.net/~scopes-packagers/+archive/ppa?field.series_filter=, it seems that there is no package named unity-lens-photo. It looks like  unity-lens-photos, however is in the main archive for quantal (12.10) but not for precise (12.04).

If you really want it in 12.04, you could update your unity to the quantal version with this ppa (https://launchpad.net/~benkai/+archive/precise-unity-backport) although that could be a bit risky as it is still in beta.


When I type sudo apt update into Linux beta I get an error

Okay, so it's an issue with your /etc/apt/sources.list file. First open and check what your /etc/apt/sources.list file has.. using : cat /etc/apt/sources.list

Next open look for a typo in there. Ideally it should be
"deb http://archive.offensive-security.com pwnsauce main microverse macroverse restricted universe multiverse" (without the quotation marks). Based on your question I guess your 'deb' has been misspelled as 'dab'. Once the typo is found, use a text editor and fix it.

Hope that helps. For more details check out this link https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1459830


Install Ubuntu 14.04 LTS with an already existing encrypted home

It is really simpler than you think. All you have to do is that when installing the Ubuntu, you will see a page in the installation wizard called user settings. There you will fill up your system password and usernames. So down there you can see a check box says Encrypt my Home folder also
All you have to do is that to check mark it and proceed as usual. It is easy to do.


Web Development in Ubuntu 12.04, I don't want to go back to Windows

This will be pretty easy.

For BlueGriffon:

Download the installer.
Right click on the Installer file. Pick the "Permissions" tab and
check the Allow executing file as program checkbox. (For security
reasons, most files aren't executable by default.)
Double-click on the installer file, and the GUI to install BlueGriffon will start.

For KompOzer:

Open up a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T)
Type: sudo apt-get install kompozer
When asked if you want to continue, type Y and hit enter.
That's it.

Now if you go to the dashboard and type in the name of either program, you should see a launcher. :)

There is no "right" platform for web development. The one you choose is completely up to your own personal tastes. Any of them will provide sufficient tools to get the job done.


How to set user permissions on ubuntu server

I don't know whether this is "simple" enough for you, but it can be done using tools already included in the system.

This can be easily accomplished using the chmod and chown commands. With chown you can set the ownership of files and directories and with chmod you can set permissions.

As you may want multiple users to access a single directory, you'd have to create a user group for it and add users to it:

groupadd g_project_1
useradd -G g_project_1 user_1
#Repeat useradd for every user who is to access project_1

Now you set the ownership group of project_1 to g_project_1 (I don't know whether it's necessary, but you may want to keep www-data as the ownership user of the directory) so you'd execute this command:

chgrp g_project_1 project_1

Now you need to set the directory permissions to 0770 (rwx* for the user, rwx for the group and no access for others):

chmod 0770 project_1

To ensure files and directories inside receive the same ownership at creation, also execute the following command:

chmod g+s project_1

Do this analogously for other project directories and users. Please try it on one dummy project first, it may well be that I made a mistake...

* Executable permission on a directory controls whether someone can enter it (cd), whereas reading permission controls seeing its contents (ls)


How to download any movie with qBittorrent?

when you have installed it i.e qbittorrent in your Ubuntu you will have an option for that in the context menu. you can get it by rightclick at that torrent downloaded link.

If its not found in the Context menu then from the context menu choose other application option then you will have window opened . From that window click at file system and choose usr then select bin and in that qbittorrent.

Then afterwards torrents will open with qbittorrent.


Equivalent of http://packages.ubuntu.com for partner, security and extras repositories

To answer your highlighted question,

According to ubuntuupdates.org, the partner repository is treated as a 3rd party PPA.

Thus you can compare the packages in each version of ubuntu by clicking the hyperlinks as shown.

You can compare packages against PPAs to search for the latest package available.

Links for:

the extras repository is similarly treated as a 3rd party repo.


Laptop won't boot after fresh install Ubuntu 18.04

Problem is with your secure boot.Restart your system and enter BIOS mode and then disable secure boot.
To do so you can follow this


The artifact occurs when the video feed to the device isn't in sync with the display's refresh. Try changing your refresh rate of your monitor. Possibly the V-sync needs to be modified as well.

There are 2 packages that may help your situation nvidia-current and nvidia-settings
  the first is the "most up to date" driver and the second is a tool for configuring the NVIDIA graphics driver. Both are available in the software center or synaptic or installation by the terminal using sudo apt-get install nvidia-current nvidia-settings


Convert thousands of .pngs to animated .gif, `convert` uses too much memory

It sounds like you're trying to make a video. If that's the case, then I'd use a proper video format.

In this case, I'd use ffmpeg to convert the individual PNG files to a H.264 video. Since ffmpeg is made to work with videos that can be hours long, it should have no problem with your thousands of images. Using H.264 instead of animated gif will result in a vast improvement in image quality.

Something like this should work for you:

 ffmpeg -framerate 1/2 -i img%04d.png -c:v libx264 -r 30 out.mp4

-framerate 1/2: This sets the framerate to one-half FPS, or 2 seconds per frame.
-i img%04d.png: This tells ffmpeg to read the files img0000.png though img9999.png.
-c:v libx264: Use video codec libx264.

You can specify video compression parameters here, if you like:
-crf <number>: Quality setting. 0 to 51. 23 is the default. 0 is true lossless encoding, which will be quite high bandwidth. 18 is nearly visually lossless.

-r 30: Set the output framerate to 30 FPS. Each of the input images will be duplicated to make the output what you specify here. You can leave this parameter off, and the output file will be at the input framerate, but the resulting movie didn't display properly when I tried it just now.
out.mp4: Output filename.

References:

Create a video slideshow from images
FFmpeg and H.264 Encoding Guide


"Unable to install GRUB in /dev/sda" when trying to install Ubuntu 16.04

I forgot to disable quick boot in the BIOS settings. I disabled quick boot and then the installation worked.

edit: it might also be because I installed the OS on the HDD rather than the mSATA SSD.

edit: it was entirely because I had not disabled quick boot


How do I install pillow in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS?

According to Wikipedia Pillow is packaged as python-pil and python3-pil in Ubuntu 13.04 and later.

To install the Python Imaging Library in Ubuntu 16.04 and later (and also in Ubuntu 14.04), open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install python-pil # for python 2.X

and/or...

sudo apt install python3-pil # for python 3.X including python3.6

And if the imageTk import doesn't work, just do this:

sudo apt install python3-pil.imagetk


You can setup a TFTP-Server and put a Ubuntu-Live Image on it, to boot it via PXE on another machine. This is a fresh Live-Disk on every reboot.

The resources of the machine on which the Live-Disk is runnig will be used.
But the HDD will not be touched. The Live-Ubuntu is running on a ramdisk.

You can get the Images for an Ubuntu 12.10 amd64 here:
http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/quantal/main/installer-amd64/current/images/netboot/netboot.tar.gz

This is für Ubuntu 12.10 32 bit:
http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/quantal/main/installer-i386/current/images/netboot/netboot.tar.gz

EDIT: I found an example for a TFTP-config:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LiveCDNetboot


View the folder of a selected file in the dash

It is intended that  dragging the file over the launcher & dropping onto the 'Home Folder' icon, which should be highlighted, will open a nautilus window at the folder where the file is located

At the moment in 11.10, when doing this nautilus may only open a Home folder window instead, no matter where the file is.

If this is the case then it can be corrected by changing the Exec= line in nautilus-home.desktop to look like this (adding a %U, note there is a space after nautilus

Exec=nautilus %U

You can simply edit the existing nautilus-home.desktop in /usr/share/applications

gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/nautilus-home.desktop

Or of you have a custom nautilus-home.desktop then edit the Exec= in the top section, no need to add %U to any of the quicklist entries

A few usage notes -

The Dash remains open after dropping the file. To raise nautilus click on the Home Folder icon. You can open multiple files by switching back & forth if desired


How to get battery icon to match percentage?

Well for my experience with the Battery indicator it's not possible (ubuntu 17.10), but i found a nice tool in the Software center which is called Circular Battery Indicator, which matches it pretty good, though it looks something different.

See screenshot below:


By changing disk 2 to GPT and creating a small partition as EFI system Which I used as location for grub boot loader the installation of usuntu was completed.


Problem installing Microsemi LiberoSoC on Ubuntu

I think i managed to get a clean installation without too much tweaking.
Please see the help page on LiberoSOC.

Hope it helps.


I'm assuming you are talking about your Ubuntu One account

As per the Ubuntu One FAQ:

  Currently you need to cancel your subscription and sign up again. You
  can cancel your subscription by going to:

  Go to https://one.ubuntu.com/account
  Click on the "See details" button next to your paid subscription
  Click on the "Cancel this subscription" button

  Then sign up for the subscription again at https://one.ubuntu.com/services

  We're working on fixing this so you can update your credit card on
  file. Apologies for the inconvenience.


You could try to run your application with the unconfined template.

In your application manifest file you should have the following lines:

"hooks": {
    "myapp": {
        "apparmor": "myapp.json",
        "desktop": "myapp.desktop"
    }
},

Then in the myapp.json apparmor profile, use the following snippet:

{
    "policy_groups": [],
    "policy_version": 1.2,
    "template": "unconfined"
}

See: Application Confinement


Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages , When I Install php on ubuntu 16.04

You can use Aptitude to automatically fix the broken packages.

sudo apt-get install aptitude

sudo aptitude install libmodule libapache2-mod-php


Need help to make this file work in iptables

This is called CIDR notation, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classless_Inter-Domain_Routing

The 192.168.0.0/16 means all addresses from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255, which is all of the addresses in the private network IP range. If you put 192.168.0.0/24, it is only 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.0.255.

The number after the / corresponds to the number of fixed bits in the address, where there are 8 bits per number (2^8=256), or octet, so 32 bits per address. The rest of the 32 bits correspond to the number of bits that are part of the range.

In the case of 192.168.0.0/24, the 24 means that the first 24 bits of this address are fixed. This corresponds to the first three octets (8 bits each), or 192.168.0. And 32-24=8, so only the last octet is part of the range. This gives 8 bits of range, or 0-255.

In the original question, 192.168.0.0/16, the 16 means that the first 16 bits of the address are fixed, or 192.168 (2 octets, 8 bits each, 8+8=16). And 32-16=16 bits, so the last two octets are the range. This gives 16 bits of range, which is two octets (8 bits each) of 0-255.


Try:

xset r rate 250 60
xkbset bouncekeys 50

Tweak the numbers.

Also try:

xset r off

See:

xset
xkbset


There are scripts that get run at Suspend/Resume/Hibernate/Wake times, but they run in a "system" context, not a "User/GUI" one. Read man pm-action online.

You could wrap your xdotool in a bash script, so you can access the GUI (if you're logged in). Put the line

export DISPLAY=:0

early in your script.

NOTE: DISPLAY=:0 is what works for me, usually. Check with echo $DISPLAY in a GUI terminal.


Encrypting root partition with included swapfile

A swapfile should not be encrypted, at least not until modern CPU support RAM encryption in hardware, otherwise an encrypted swap will significant slow down your system.
You have some options.

You use an unencrypted swap-file and erase it every time your system shutdowns, this is not very safe.
You don't use a swap-file at all, this is the most safe variant. (In my opinion the best choice.)
You use an encrypted swap-file (not swap-partition), which is at least safer than using no encryption, but it's also very slow. You need to deactivate hibernate power state, otherwise you risk data losses.


Installing programs in root vs home partitions?

I would argue for a single / partition in the SSD (60GB, as you have envisioned) to keep everything Ubuntu, including the /home folder.

A separate /home partition is useful:

(1) when one plans to try out different distributions of Linux (also known as "distros")

or

(2) when one may want to re-install Ubuntu without destroying the personal files and settings in /home.

The second reason is a bit less important now, as newer versions of Ubuntu installation process will detect existing Ubuntu and offer to preserve the /home folder when installing over.

On the other hand, if you keep /home as a folder of / you won't have to worry about how much to allocate to / and how much to allocate to /home. If your program files (games) take some more space, all you have to do is move your personal data to the HDD.

By now you must be thinking why not put /home in the HDD?

The only reason I prefer /home to be in the SDD is because /home stores not only your personal data, but it also stores your personal settings for all programs. This includes changes you make to the desktop or any other program settings, your browser bookmarks, etc. When you load a program from SSD but the personal settings are in HDD, it slows loading that program a tiny bit. Keeping / and /home both in the SSD will get you the fastest load time.

Keep large data such as music, video, saved games, etc. in the HDD

The folders that contain large amount of data, such as Video, can be in the NTFS partition with symbolic links to /home. This is explained in some detail at: Windows Ubuntu dual boot - Share files between OS

Other large sub-folders of /home can be partitions in the HDD. For example, if you install a lot of Windows programs and games in WINE, the hidden folder .wine will grow large. You can create an ext4 partition in the HDD and mount it at /home/[your user name]/.wine (Unlike Windows, a partition in Linux can be mounted as a sub-folder.) Steam games take up a lot of space. Your steam games are in /home/[your user name]/.local/share/Steam. See where are Steam games installed?  You can create a separate Steam (ext4) partition in the HDD if you want. These will require a one-time edit of the file /etc/fstab. See Mount a partition on login? for more on how to mount a partition at login.

The reason I recommend .wine to be an ext4 partition rather than a folder in the NTFS partition is because NTFS cannot preserve ownership and file permissions used by Ubuntu that is needed by the settings and other files stored in the .wine folder by WINE.

Between system linked folders in the NTFS partition and ext4 partitions mounted as sub-folders of /home you can keep all the large files in the HDD while keeping the system fast, taking advantage of the SSD.

If you still run out of space in the / partition in SSD due to large games and other programs, you can create an ext4 partition and move /usr there. However, this will require some planning, careful thoughts and execution. Ask a separate question if and when you need to go on that route.

As far as installing programs in / versus the /home see this excellent explanation of the process and its limitations: Software installed on root partition or on home partition In short, programs installed via the Ubuntu Software Center, or the command apt-get will be installed in /. Only "static-binary" compiled programs may be installed (rather copied) in sub-folders of /home and expected to work.

More references:

Partitions for Ubuntu and Windows 7 dual boot on SSD + HDD setup

Setup for dual disk (SSD+HDD) with /home partition

Do I need Intel Smart Response when installing Ubuntu?

Move or Install Apps on HDD not SSD


Difference between kernel source code (kernel.org) and linux-source (in software center)

The Ubuntu kernel has a number of patches to tweak it.  To see exactly what ones, you will want to check out the Ubuntu kernel with GIT and review the history.  You can do this with:

git clone git:///kernel.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ubuntu-precise.git linux
cd linux
gitk


What are ways of sharing music on ubuntu externally?

A nice alternate way is tho use mpd to stream your music.

For mpd you may find for most platforms (including smart-phones) a bunch of clients.


connecting Visual studio Code C# to My Sql

Install the vscode-database will support mysql database.

Read this Long Guide


unable to mount my external hard disk in ubuntu 14.04

Ubuntu is not very good at repairing NTFS.

In order to reduce the chance of lost data, I suggest you run check disk from a Windows box.

Don't know how to do that? http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/windows-vista/guide-to-using-check-disk-in-windows-vista/


The normal method to do this is

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libdvdread-dev

Works on 16.04.


Why doesn't Canonical have a store in India?

Unfortunately, this same exact question could be posed by Ubuntu users in any other country. Now that China has Ubuntu stores, everyone else wants them. Opening up stores takes time, and canonical has to decide where they want to put they're money to make a store. They'll build stores wherever the most loyal Ubuntu users are - and if that's in India, then so be it. You should contribute to the thread on Ubuntu brainstorm. This is not really they type of question that belongs on Ask Ubuntu.


Software Center doesn't start after installing an application

Welcome my dear french friend,

this is a community project that's meant to be helpful for all sorts of people. To make that possible it's advised to post things in english: "the lingua franca" of our nice little planet.

Je vous en prie de poser votre question en anglais. Si on trouve une solution a votre probleme elle devient utile uniquement pour les francophones. Je vous demande donc de faire un effort et de poser votre question dans une langue pratique. La langue francaise est tres belle, mais absolument provenciale et ridicule dans le contexte de l'internet.

essayer/ please try:

cd ~/.cache

ensuite / then:

rm -r software-center

finalement/ finally:

cd; software-center


How to persist a tab that is opened via `gnome-terminal --tab` after closing process

Instead of running your program directly, use a construct such as

sh -c "<your command> ; bash"

This will open a bash shell after running your command, and as such keep your tab open, until you type exit.

Alternatively, you can have your command included in a script, followed by the command "bash", and call the script as the command for your new gnome-terminal tab.


Libreoffice 3.3.2 Export to PDF option only lets me export entire documents

What I suggest you do is to install pdfmod
 (Click to install), then you can delete any subsequent pages you no longer need.

Or you can install it via  the command line:

sudo apt-get install pdfmod

Press Enter, then enter your password, pressing Enter again and PDF Mod will now be installed.


Terminal windows don't show up in alt-tab

If you are using Gnome classic in 12.04, try a few restarts of your system. The Alt+Tab behavior usually starts working fine after a few restarts.

Hope this helps.


It appears that installing libpam-smbpass allows this. I am unsure whether the package installation "converts" existing users.

What I did to see this:

sudo apt-get install libpam-passwd
(as my normal user) passwd <enter appropriate info>
sudo pdbedit -L

And now my user is in the list.


Configure Autofs to access windows domain server

Take a look at my blog post - Mounting a SMB/CIFS Share as an Automount on CentOS/Fedora/RHEL which shows how to mount Samba share (aka. SMB or CIFS). These are the terms used to identify Windows shares.

The post shows commands for a Fedora Linux system but they should work as is for you on Ubuntu. The steps are as follows:

Create a file with the samba share's username/password (/etc/credentials.txt)
Install automounter and samba client Ubuntu .deb packages (autofs and samba-client)
Add an entry to the /etc/auto.master file for the mount point (/mnt/cifs_share)
Create auto.cifs file used by auto.master entry (see example /etc/auto.cifs below)
restart automounter service (autofs)

share_data  -fstype=cifs,rw,noperm,credentials=/etc/credentials.txt ://192.168.1.1/share_data

Afterwards the data will show up on /mnt/cifs_share/share_data.


Microsoft changed the name to OneDrive now from SkyDrive.

Check the below link for using OneDrive in Linux.

http://itsfoss.com/skydrive-ubuntu-1304/


You might have just run into this bug: Dual monitor + side panel causes problem.

Excerpt:

  But when using two monitors plus a side panel, the guake panel starts
  just after the panel, as it should, but then goes on not until the end
  of the first monitor, but a little more.

  --> Hard to explain, just look at the screenshot. You can see the end of the first screen from the maximised Firefox window.

  That means, you have the guake terminal basically on the first screen,
  but the last character or so plus the scroll bar is on the second
  one...

I think you should report it at GitHub's Guake repository.

Source: http://guake.org/


How to update libavcodec on ubuntu 14.04?

Just enable libavcodec in firefox:
type about:config in the address bar, enter
click "I accept the risk"
search libavcodec
change media.libavcodec.allow-obsolete;false to true


you can disable php7.1 service

  sudo a2dismod php7.1

and enable service php of which ever version you want

  sudo a2enmod php5.6

then restart your apache

  sudo service apache2 restart

This will not uninstall the php7.1 but you can work with downgraded version without error


Touch pad not working Yoga 2 Pro Ubuntu 14.10

I guess the Logitech USB Receiver is your wireless mouse?
I can't see any sign of your touchpad from the dmesg output, which should look like this if it works:

[ 10.706] (II) config/udev: Adding input device SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad (/dev/input/event4)
[ 10.706] (**) SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad: Applying InputClass "evdev touchpad catchall"
[ 10.706] (**) SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad: Applying InputClass "touchpad catchall"
[ 10.706] (**) SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad: Applying InputClass "Default clickpad buttons"
[ 10.706] (**) SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad: Applying InputClass "touchpad catchall"
[ 10.706] (II) LoadModule: "synaptics"

Which means that the touchpad wan't detected by the kernel at all, this might be a bug or even a hardware failure.

I would suggest you to give 14.04 a try (live desktop is fine), since it seems that the touchpad on Yoga 2 Pro works fine with 3.13 kernel from this bug report on launchpad: On Lenovo Yoga 2 Pro laptop PS/2 Synaptics TouchPad detected as pointer device by Xorg.

If it's a bug in 3.16 kernel, please report it with ubuntu-bug linux command in your terminal, and you can follow the detailed debugging instruction from this wiki page.

Good luck!


If you recently installed Chrome Remote Desktop, uninstall it with:
sudo apt purge chrome-remote-desktop


Set a screensaver as wallpaper in Unity?

Open your terminal and paste these following commands

sudo apt-get install gconf-tools
gconftool-2 -type bool -set /apps/nautilus/preferences/show_desktop false /usr/lib/xscreensaver/glmatrix -root

Then restart to apply the changes.

credit goes to Life hacker


As of now, it's better than yesterday.

I just installed ati-driver-installer-11-12-x86.x86_64.run


Problem with using if/then statement: `((: == : syntax error: operand expected (error token is "== ")`

(( ... )) is for arithmetic evaluation.

You should use [ ... ] (just like you did in the while condition) or bash's extended test syntax [[ ... ]] - and remember to quote "$query" and leave whitespace around the [ and ] operators:

if [ "$query" == "" ]

Alternatively, use the -z empty string test:

if [ -z "$query" ]

For general help with questions like this, try www.shellcheck.net or install the shellcheck package from the universe repository.


Ofono obstacles wiith bluetooth headset mic

I was facing the same issue with Oneplus Wireless Z Bass edition. My headset microphone was not detected by PulseAudio and the problem is that my headphones  don't have HSP profile, only HFP profile. After trying for 2 days, I came to the solution of replacing PulseAudio with Pipewire sound server, which supports HSP, HFP and A2DP by itself. So there will be no need to install any other utility like ofono, phonesim. Also, to be noted that my problem wasn't resolved even after following all the steps to configure ofono in PulseAudio. So I came up with the steps to replace PulseAudio with PipeWire.
Here is the detailed article I have written to resolve this problem, the steps of which I'm also adding here. You can follow it and most probably be able to solve your problem.
Bluetooth headset microphone not detected
Open your terminal and follow these steps:

We will use a PPA for adding Pipewire to Ubuntu 20.04, which is maintained regularly:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:pipewire-debian/pipewire-upstream

To update the PPA packages in your system do:
sudo apt update

Install the package:
sudo apt install pipewire

There is also a dependency needed to be installed with Pipewire, otherwise you will face the issue of “Bluetooth headset won’t connect after installing pipewire”. Install the dependency by:
sudo apt install libspa-0.2-bluetooth

Now, to install the client libraries:
sudo apt install pipewire-audio-client-libraries

Reload the daemon:
systemctl --user daemon-reload

Disable PulseAudio:
systemctl --user --now disable pulseaudio.service pulseaudio.socket

If you are on Ubuntu 20.04, you also need to “mask” the PulseAudio by:
systemctl --user mask pulseaudio

I am not sure but, if possible, you can try to run this on other versions too.
9.     After a new update of Pipewire, you also need to enable pipewire-media-session-service:
   systemctl --user --now enable pipewire-media-session.service

You can ensure that Pipewire is now running through:
pactl info

This command will give the following output, in Server Name you can see:
PulseAudio (on PipeWire 0.3.28)

Things should be working by now and you can see your microphone.

If it doesn’t show up, then try restarting Pipewire by this command:
systemctl --user restart pipewire

If it’s still not showing your microphone, you can try rebooting once and remove and pair your Bluetooth device again to check if it works now.
I hope I have helped you solve your problem.
If you want to rollback all the changes we did, you can do it by using:
systemctl --user unmask pulseaudio
systemctl --user --now enable pulseaudio.service pulseaudio.socket


It sounds like you're running crontab from the root account. gio is designed to run from a user account rather than root, so you'll need to pass a username in crontab like this:
0 * * * * su {username} -c {command}

Be sure to replace {username} with the user account's name, and {command} with what you want the job to do.


Quickly is no longer available on any Linux distribution past Ubuntu 14.04 LTS. Therefore, it is (unfortunately) uninstallable in newer distributions.

You could use something like Illumination Software Creator to make programs. Alternatively, you can just learn how to program in Java and/or C++, which is slightly more involved than these software creators, but they can create far better results.


As a general answer: no problems in updating Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I have the same notebook you have and used 12.04 for a time, updating that, and did not face these problems. Perhaps you are having some issues that are solvable.


Partitioning in a Win / Ubuntu dual boot over 2 Tb HDD

Then you will need to either reformat the drive, convert to GPT, and boot in UEFI mode ( assuming your motherboard supports it -- windows won't boot from GPT otherwise, though Linux is fine with bios mode ), or if you shrink your windows partitions a bit so that the free space begins below the 2 TiB mark, then I believe you can create an Ubuntu partition that starts below that point, but extends beyond it.  Your bios may or may not actually be capable of handling that.


Icons don't display for some application launchers

You seem to be having a couple of issues:

It seems gnome-settings-daemon is perhaps not running, which sets which themes to use.
You seem to possibly be missing the gnome-icon-theme and/or light-themes packages.

It's hard to say for sure if the second point is true, but this first one definitely is. If you right-click on the background and choose to change the background, do the icons, top bar, and fonts change, if only for a moment? You may be seeing the result of gnome-settings-daemon crashing for some reason, and you should file a bug report about it. It cannot be solved simply through askubuntu.


“Block” is used with several different meanings: sometimes it's a number of bytes that depends on the filesystem, sometimes it's a number of bytes that depends on the application. The Linux quota tool uses a block size of 1024 bytes or 1 kilobyte. So to limit a user to 50MB you would set their limit to 50000 blocks.

As for inodes, one inode means one file (including directories), regarding of its size.

You can see the current disk usage with df (in kilobytes by default, you can switch to k/M/G/… prefixes with -h or -B 4096 to show the number of 4096-byte blocks). To see the current inode usage, use df -i.


This GUI tool works well: "system-config-samba" http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2014/05/ubuntu1404-file-sharing-samba/


Error Mounting Glusterfs in Ubuntu 16.04

I was having this exact same problem and what worked for me was using x-systemd.automount mentioned on ServerFault:

  ... added noauto,x-systemd.automount to my fstab line:

gluster1:/volume1 /storage-pool glusterfs defaults,_netdev,noauto,x-systemd.automount 0 0


Switch workspaces individually on each monitor

I spent considerable time trying to find a solution for this. My conclusion is that while compiz once had support for this, it has not been functional in a while. Since Unity uses compiz, it cannot do it either at the moment.

There seem to be very few window managers that support this feature at all. The only one I was able to find was xmonad, which is a keyboard-driven tiling window manager intended for power users willing to spend quite a bit of time learning how to use it. I think I've seen references to awesome being able to do this too, which is another similar tiling window manager.

So unfortunately the answer for compiz and unity seems to be "no, not possible", and the answer more generally seems to be "no, not unless you are willing to switch to a tiling window manager".


Hide .desktop files from shares in VirtualBox

Reading the VirtualBox documentation, it's clear that this isn't possible directly. But I have an idea which will work.

Using a Warren Falk's picfs fuse mount, you remount your Desktop under a hidden directory, say .VirtualBox/shared/Desktop and point virtual box at that. Then in the fuse mount configuration, you simply specify which files should be ignored.

See here for more details: http://www.warrenfalk.com/blog/2009/07/09/picsfs-fuse-filesystem/

Using this, your Desktop will be exactly the same to Linux, but your VirtualBox will see a controlled directory. The fuse code is even in python, so it's easy to modify. Let me know if you want instructions.


Cloud-init: how to install it from the source code?

What I suggest is to use Ubuntu specific source which contains necessary patches, bug fixes, etc.

To download the source:

apt source --download-only cloud-init

To download, extract, apply Ubuntu/Debian patches to fix bugs, security issues:

apt source --download cloud-init

To compile, first install packages that are necessary for build process:

apt build-dep cloud-init

then use:

apt source --compile cloud-init

If you want to change the source, first download and extract it, then install built dependencies and after you have made your changes build it:

apt source --download cloud-init
apt build-dep cloud-init
# Add your changes
apt source --compile cloud-init

After compile process is done, you have a .deb file, install it using dpkg:

sudo dpkg -i package-name.deb


creating new partition on windows and now have problem on GRUB and not booting

According to me
1)you can use Gparted Application in live CD mode and get all device information.

2)Or use command "fdisk -l" and show all available Disk and its partition

3)or blkid

if still problem then update your grub file and make dual-boot mode.


Error opening directory in Zotero: Permission denied

To access data stored on a mounted NTFS partition on Ubuntu in Zotero:

Open Ubuntu Software app and find zotero-snap
Click on Permissions
Toggle "Read/write files on removable storage devices" to on
Close and reopen Zotero

Note: The partition is mounted with these permissions/options: ntfs auto,user,rw 0 0


Ubuntu Live over PXE Boot sets manual config for networking

This is a known bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubiquity/+bug/388060 (about 5 years old). It's a rare use-case and unlikely to get fixed, so one workaround would be to preseed a late_command which overwrites the /etc/network/interfaces with only a loopback device.


How to divide encrypted lvm partition and prepare it to install 2nd OS next to UBUNTU

You need to install windows first...the Ubuntu multi boot menu works after you install other OS. I think your best option is to back up, install windows and then install ubuntu. Every time i read about this, it is always recommended to install windows firts. You dont have to do any special...ubuntu makes the partitions on the SSD and format the partition to install Ubuntu.

Sorry but i dont think installing win after ubuntu leads to better results.


Trying to create a persistent live USB, with full disk (LUKS?) encryption

LUKS or Full Encryption Options in the Installer

Install to USB as you would to HDD. It is recommended that you remove the HDD before proceeding, especially in UEFI mode.

They have done a good job of hiding encryption options in the Live installer. It is located on the install page, just above Something else.

Tag "Erase disk and install Ubuntu" and then click "Advanced features". The Advanced Features popup will popup. Click "Use LVM with the new Ubuntu installation" and then "Encrypt the new Ubuntu installation for security".

If you want an encrypted USB drive that will boot in either BIOS or UEFI mode see: How to Make BIOS/UEFI Flash Drive with Full Disk Encryption


You can use case here:

case "$2" in
  sum) awk '{sum+=$1} END{print "sum of first column = "sum}' "$1";;
  avg) awk '{sum+=$1} END { print "Average = ",sum/NR}' "$1";;
  min) awk 'min=="" || $1 < min {min=$1} END{ print "min="min}' "$1";;
esac


Every linux distribution completely stop working and freezes on my ASUS N82jQ notebook after a while!

You need to install Nvidia drivers. Run in terminal

sudo apt install nvidia-340 nvidia-prime

and reboot.

You will be able to switch graphics in Nvidia X Server Settings application (PRIME section).

I recommend to switch to Intel, if you are not playing games.


The repository is as secure as 'main' or any of the other three repositories.

Upload privileges are difficult to achieve (an accomplishment in themselves), and even if you are a MOTU (master of the universe, https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MOTU) you still need to go thru procedures just like any other debian/ubuntu repository. There are loads of wiki pages (eg. https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuDevelopers more defined than the wiki page you linked which was a community page too), and if you know debian rules, it's pretty much the same.

A big part of it is reputation, being open-source anyone can view almost everything that was done; even discussions & meetings are mostly public & recorded via IRC logs. If someone has proved themselves to be worthy to achieve MOTU, one wrong upload (which cannot be hidden unlike closed-source software) will very quickly be detected (though should have been detected in review before then) & all work done over years to achieve MOTU is gone, privileges gone & reputation in tatters. People trusted & respected enough to have achieved MOTU status don't want to destroy all their work/reputation.

In a podcast, three devs were asked about creating a April Fools joke that was only a message for a few hours (debian-ubuntu/solus/elementary) and Martin Wimpress (Ubuntu-MATE/debian) spoke clearly about this (my last paragraph is a reword of some of what Martin said 1-3 years ago on that podcast).  All three spoke of their reputation and why none could imagine any developer having proved & gained those rights, would destroy it by misusing it.

If you don't trust it, all uploads are very public, and you can inspect them very clearly.  As I'm also in IRC rooms, I get to see various discussions about uploads before the upload actually happens, so it can be seen in real-time.

Yes it involves trust, and I do trust MOTU's, far more than closed-source developers who can hide by nature that we never get to see what they do, never get to really evaluate how much they stuff up etc.


Use arrow keys when switching applications with super + tab

You can add Super+Right and Super+Left as keybindings to switch through the Alt+Tab task switcher with following commands:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-applications "['<Super>Tab', '<Alt>Tab', '<Super>Right']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-applications-backward "['<Shift><Super>Tab', '<Shift><Alt>Tab', '<Super>Left']"

These keybindings are by default assigned to tiling the windows left and right, so you may want to change these keybindings, or at least disable them:

gsettings set org.gnome.mutter.keybindings toggle-tiled-left "['']"
gsettings set org.gnome.mutter.keybindings toggle-tiled-right "['']"

To reset to defaults, replace "set" by "reset" and leave the final argument off in the above commands.


My permissions for /opt are drwxr-xr-x (with ownership root:root). That's the default.

You can set this ownership and permissions (regardless of how it's set currently) with:

sudo chown root:root /opt
sudo chmod 0755 /opt

If you changed the permissions of files and folders inside /opt as well, then a good solution might be more complicated. (You can add the output of ls -lR /opt to your question, to show this.)


Wifi connection problems with Ubuntu 16.04

you may try resetting the modem to factory default and REINSTALL it with the disc you got when bought it and sync it with your device using LAN


Data recovery of file with special file extension

Try using the option to "show hidden files" in your the file browser.

The files might actually be there!

I have personally used Testdisk & Photo Recovery to successfully restore information for friends on several occassions.

Depending on what Ubuntu version you are running the option to view hidden files is either in "View" at the menu bar (Earlier versions) or "Files -Preferences" in the menu bar on 13.04.

Hope this helps.


Gnome System Monitor shows only 5.7 GiB RAM of 8GB installed

Memtest seems to do that, reports what "block size" it's currently testing, even if the installed memory doesn't go that high. But it does appear to report 6036 megs...

And free only sees 6,000,984k, or 6GB too.

If your BIOS also reports only 6GB, then it looks like something's happened to your other 2GB or ram... Maybe it's come loose & re-seating it could help, or maybe it's gone or failed?

After updated info:

UEFI's a whole other can of worms, I'm not sure if it's related but nothing else stands out as different... Maybe take a look through the long answer to this Q " Installing Ubuntu Alongside a Pre-Installed Windows with UEFI " or even Ubuntu's help on UEFI


new to Ubuntu and trying to remove programs getting an error

The error message is right. I'm not sure why and how it happened, but the /usr/lib/policykit-1/polkit-agent-helper-1 file is no longer setuid root. To make it setuid root, open the terminal and run:

sudo chmod 4755 /usr/lib/policykit-1/polkit-agent-helper-1

The terminal output in your comments looks OK. Test if the command was successful:

$ ls -l /usr/lib/policykit-1/polkit-agent-helper-1
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 14328 mmm dd tt:tt /usr/lib/policykit-1/polkit-agent-helper-1

where mmm can be any month, dd can be any day, and tt:tt can be any time.


Modify 'sources.list' file when upgrading Ubuntu 12.04

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
do-release-upgrade

  Is this method safe?

Sure, in that it will refuse to execute since it won't find the updates. You need to change the repositories to old-releases.ubuntu.com too.

Any upgrade can go wrong, regardless of this method. Nobody can predict a power outage. Like 1 of those 1000+ earthquakes California is getting hit with; if someone is in the middle of an upgrade it will go bad quickly.

  And are there any other alternatives, other than installing it with a CD?

Ubuntu does not fit on a CD so that would be a DVD.

My favorite alternative method is to replace the hard disk, put the old one in a case,  mount it and then move files over from old to new disk.
Install from USB
Install from a partition; you put the ISO on a partition and tell grub to boot from there.

Regardless of what method you use you will have backups of anything important. As we all do.


Redirecting shell script output to a spreadsheet in sharepoint portal

If you need a xlsx spreadsheet, take a look at this question where I present two packages to create such files. A simple script could take your bash output to render a spreadsheet. I'd suggest to first look at this simple example (in perl).

There is also a well known tool called RRDtool for such a task:

  RRDtool (acronym for round-robin database tool) aims to handle
  time-series data like network bandwidth, temperatures, CPU load, etc.
  The data are stored in a circular buffer based database, thus the
  system storage footprint remains constant over time.

RRDtool can render your system metrics this way:

Source: http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool


20.04: Why does sysctl.conf fail to disable ipv6 on the main interface?

Sadly, there are many myths about how to disable IPv6 on Ubuntu and the Ubuntu project itself hasn't provided a canonical solution going as far back as Ubuntu 16.04.
The best solution that I've found so far is to modify the Kernel commandline via Grub and reboot the system. See here:
https://askubuntu.com/a/337736/266


Ubuntu 18.04 and Rainlendar 2 install problem

You should install the deb-package of Rainlendar Pro with apt-get install, it will satisfy all dependencies:

cd ~/Downloads
wget http://www.rainlendar.net/download/rainlendar2-pro_2.14.2.b157-1_amd64.deb
$ sudo apt-get install ./rainlendar2-pro_2.14.2.b157-1_amd64.deb
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'rainlendar2-pro' instead of './rainlendar2-pro_2.14.2.b157-1_amd64.deb'
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  linux-headers-4.15.0-30 linux-headers-4.15.0-30-generic linux-image-4.15.0-30-generic linux-modules-4.15.0-30-generic
  linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-30-generic
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libjavascriptcoregtk-1.0-0 libpango1.0-0 libpangox-1.0-0 libwebkitgtk-1.0-0
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libjavascriptcoregtk-1.0-0 libpango1.0-0 libpangox-1.0-0 libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 rainlendar2-pro
0 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 9 916 kB/31,1 MB of archives.
After this operation, 63,3 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
...

$ rainlendar2

I tested its installation on my Ubuntu 18.04 LTS.

As the result you will have calendar, todo and tasks widgets / gadgets / screenlets on top of the desktop.

If you want to install Rainlendar Lite version, then use

cd ~/Downloads
wget http://www.rainlendar.net/download/rainlendar2-lite_2.14.2.b157-1_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./rainlendar2-lite_2.14.2.b157-1_amd64.deb

I tested it on default Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS with GNOME sHell, it placed widgets to desktop, but does not show icon in the tray:


Recovering GRUB after installing Windows 7 with boot repair

Except that you formatted Linux partitions by error during Windows 7 installation wizard, there is no reason to think your Ubuntu files aren't there any more. I had to reinstall my Windows 7 on my dual boot machine a couple of times and faced this problem. Windows installation overwrite your MBR and put there its own code. GRUB boot directory is intact, as long as you had it in your Ubuntu partition, but the MBR code written by GRUB isn't there any more.

The following procedure has some risk. I will adapt the commands to your partition numbers according to the screenshot you uploaded, but please, review the partition numbers two times before using my commands. Also, I don't accept any responsibility if something go wrong and you end having to backup your files and reinstalling Ubuntu.

As I don't sure the following works on GPT partition tables, lets add extra security and only do it if your disk is MBR, the command sudo parted -l must show your partition table as msdos in line 3 or 4 of its output. If not, stop here.

Boot into your Ubuntu Live CD, please, same version that the one that lives in your hard disk.
Confirm first that the directory /boot, exists in your Ubuntu root partition. I assuming it is sda2 as it is formatted as ext2, so mount it and navigate to its root and see if you have a boot directory there. If it isn't there stop here.
Dismount sda2. Use Nautilus or Unity laucher or umount command, doesn't matter. But dismount it.
Launch Terminal.
Use the following commands (note, if I remember correctly, when using sudo from the Live CD, just press ENTER when prompted for a password):

:

sudo -i
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/sda
umount /mnt
exit

Reboot your machine. Remove Live CD.

If the grub menu appears and show both, Windows 7 and Ubuntu, you are done. If not, you will have to do extra work. I'm updating this question right now to add the longer method, I had to use it in one occasion because the shorter method above leaved me in the GRUB console without any operating system to chose, if this happens to you don't panic, I'm writing the longer method right now.

Longer method: do it if, at boot, you end in a console with no operating system to select or if Windows 7 (or Ubuntu) does not show in the list

Boot into your Ubuntu Live CD, please, same version that the one that lives in your hard disk.
Launch Terminal.
Use the following commands (note, if I remember correctly, when using sudo from the Live CD, just press ENTER when prompted for a password):

:

sudo -i
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
chroot /mnt update-grub
umount /mnt/sys
umount /mnt/dev
umount /mnt/proc
exit

Reboot your machine. Remove Live CD.

You should see now both, Windows 7 and Ubuntu, as options in the GRUB boot menu.

Credits: http://www.ubuntugeek.com/how-to-restore-grub-boot-loader-after-installing-windows.html

Both methods were tested by me in my own machine and I confirm they work.

There is a third variation, in the case you had the boot directory in another partition that is not where the Ubuntu root is mounted, but as you formatted the other partition if this were the case you already lost it anyway so there is no point in it.


How can i install things in my second hard drive?

Can you See your HardDisk listed in the following commands output. Please execute this command as root.

fdisk -l

If it is not listed means HardDisk is not detected by OS.
But if you are able to see the HardDisk in the commands output that means

Either:

Your HardDisk does not have partition.
Your HardDisk is not mounted.


How to split string in bash and store the tokens in array

here try this

 #!/bin/bash
 array=(elem1 elem2)
 #to print the size of the array
 echo "${array[@]}"
 #to access an individual member
 echo "element number ${#array[@]}"

Hope it helps


16.04: How to get the recommended intel-microcode package to fix hyper-threading issue?

Install the latest official package manually. i.e. for 64-bit OS:

wget http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/non-free/i/intel-microcode/intel-microcode_3.20170511.1~bpo8+1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i intel-microcode_3.20170511.1~bpo8+1_amd64.deb

Reboot the machine, and you're set. ALSO, you need to install the latest BIOS update from your machine. Consult with your computer's manufacturer for the latest official BIOS update.


Snapcraft: possible to include another (already built) .snap?

No, you can not include a .snap inside another .snap. For sharing libraries/runtime binaries between snaps, consider using the content interface here. Additionally, you can create a shared part in snapcraft and make it available to the broader community. Please find a list of available parts for consumption here.


How to change login screen background Ubuntu Gnome 15.10

(Disclaimer: Tested on Ubuntu Gnome Shell 16.04+ Hopefully it should work on 15.10 as well)

Two ways. If you want to know what exactly you are doing, follow Solution #1. If you want a single script to do all for you, follow Solution #2 (All it does it automate Solution #1)

Solution 1

Background Info: Gnome Login Background is not a parameter which you can change directly(Wierd!). Its present within Gnome Shell CSS file which is present in binary file. Hence you have to extract binary file, modify it and replace new binary with old file.

Step1: Extracting Gnome shell binary file

Run the following script extractgst.sh to extract Gnome shell theme to ~/shell-theme directory

#!/bin/sh

workdir=${HOME}/shell-theme
if [ ! -d ${workdir}/theme ]; then
  mkdir -p ${workdir}/theme
fi
gst=/usr/share/gnome-shell/gnome-shell-theme.gresource

for r in `gresource list $gst`; do
        gresource extract $gst $r >$workdir/${r#\/org\/gnome\/shell/}
done

Step2: Modifying contents

Copy your background image to this folder ~/shell-theme/theme.
Edit ~/shell-theme/theme/gnome-shell-theme.gresource.xml Go to line <file>logged-in-indicator.svg</file> and add another line <file>filename</file> where filename is your background image filename
Now, open the gnome-shell.css file in the directory and change the #lockDialogGroup definition as follows:

#lockDialogGroup {
  background: #2e3436 url(filename);
  background-size: [WIDTH]px [HEIGHT]px;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

Set filename to be the name of the background image and background-size to your resolution.

Step3: Create new binary and replacing existing

Inside theme directory, run

glib-compile-resources gnome-shell-theme.gresource.xml

You will get a binary file named gnome-shell-theme.gresource. Copy it to

/usr/share/gnome-shell

Now restart GDM using

service gdm restart

If it doesnt work or got stuck, restart your computer to see your new login wallpaper :))

Solution 2

Ok, as promised, there is a simpler way to automate all this. Simply save this script as login-background.sh

WORKDIR=~/tmp/gdm-login-background
GST=/usr/share/gnome-shell/gnome-shell-theme.gresource
GSTRES=$(basename $GST)

mkdir -p $WORKDIR
cd $WORKDIR
mkdir theme

for r in `gresource list $GST`; do
  gresource extract $GST $r >$WORKDIR$(echo $r | sed -e 's/^\/org\/gnome\/shell\//\//g')
done

cd theme
cp "$IMAGE" ./

echo "
#lockDialogGroup {
  background: #2e3436 url(resource:///org/gnome/shell/theme/$(basename $IMAGE));
  background-size: cover;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
}" >>gnome-shell.css

echo '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<gresources>
  <gresource prefix="/org/gnome/shell/theme">' >"${GSTRES}.xml"
for r in `ls *.*`; do
  echo "    <file>$r</file>" >>"${GSTRES}.xml"
done
echo '  </gresource>
</gresources>' >>"${GSTRES}.xml"

glib-compile-resources "${GSTRES}.xml"

sudo mv "/usr/share/gnome-shell/$GSTRES" "/usr/share/gnome-shell/${GSTRES}.backup"
sudo mv "$GSTRES" /usr/share/gnome-shell/

rm -r $WORKDIR

if [ "$CREATED_TMP" = "1" ]; then
  rm -r ~/tmp
fi

Run the script using

IMAGE=~/Bat.jpg sh login-background.sh

Now restart gdm using service gdm restart or restart laptop for your new login background :))

References:
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GDM

https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=197036


Unnecessary download when upgrading to 16.10

Maybe new versions haven't been released, but the package did get a bump:

xenial (16.04LTS) (games): Real-time strategy game of ancient warfare [universe]
0.0.20-1: amd64 arm64 armhf i386
yakkety (16.10) (games): Real-time strategy game of ancient warfare [universe]
0.0.20-3: amd64 arm64 armhf i386

The changelog has this to say:

0ad (0.0.20-3) unstable; urgency=medium

  * Add debian/patches/fix-gcc6-segfault.patch to fix spidermonkey segfault
    when built with gcc6. (Closes: #835176)
  * Temporarily disable test suite on arm64 to fix arch-specific FTBFS.
  * Call dh_strip --dbgsym-migration to cleanly migrate from the old -dbg
    package to -dbgsym.

 -- Vincent Cheng <vcheng@debian.org>  Wed, 07 Sep 2016 22:44:22 -0700

0ad (0.0.20-2) unstable; urgency=medium

  * Team upload.
  * Drop 0ad-dbg package and use the automatic -dbgsym package instead.
  * d/rules: Remove override for dh_builddeb because xz is the default
    compression.
  * Declare compliance with Debian Policy 3.9.8.
  * Build-depend on python and fix FTBFS.
    Thanks to Lucas Nussbaum for the report. (Closes: #832870)
  * Ensure that 0ad can be built twice in a row by updating dh_auto_clean
    target. Thanks to Peter Green for the patch.

 -- Markus Koschany <apo@debian.org>  Sun, 21 Aug 2016 04:54:55 +0200

0ad (0.0.20-1) unstable; urgency=medium

  * New upstream release.
    - Drop build-dep on libjpeg-dev.
    - Refresh patches.
  * Remove debian/menu file as per tech-ctte decision in #741573.
  * Update Standards version to 3.9.7, no changes required.
  * Update jQuery/JavaScript related lintian overrides.

 -- Vincent Cheng <vcheng@debian.org>  Sun, 03 Apr 2016 19:42:21 -0700

I suppose none of the changes affect gameplay, and your method might work. I'm not sure of that, though.


KDE: Main panel stops refreshing when running game

It's a bug, though not necessarily KDE's one. At 27-th comment Thomas — a KWin developer — notes that though the problem is seen at plasmashell, the actual bug is likely either in QtQuick, or in NVidia driver. Given later the whole bugreport got filled with complaints from NVidia users, and at comment 120 someone noted that the problem never occurs with Intel or AMD GPUs, it's almost definitely a problem with their driver.

For what it worth, someone left a comment yesterday:

  Hi ! I don't want to get you people excited over nothing but here's an excerpt of the new Nvidia drivers update :

  "Fixed a bug that caused kwin OpenGL compositing to crash when launching certain OpenGL applications."

  (fixed in the 390.77 and 396.45 Nvidia drivers)

You can give it a try.


You should be able to open it by searching for DropBox where you look for applications and then clicking the icon for it.

Alternatively you should be able to start it through Terminal (CTRL + ALT + T) by running:

~/.dropbox-dist/dropboxd


Use --head (or -I) to fetch just the headers, rather than the headers plus the contents of the web page. Depending on the size of the web pages, this may reduce network traffic.

You have already specified that the output is to be discarded, so no time is lost writing it to a file. Therefore the only reduction this will give is on the server side and on the network. The server will not actually send the page over the net, but it may still generate it, or retrieve it from cache.


Eth0 not working on Fresh install of 12.04

Maybe you could try replacing iface eth0 inet dhcp instead of static adress etc...

Worked for me, but I don't really know more about eth0 config.


Automatically switch to wifi connection when wired is not working?

I would use something like this: https://smallhacks.wordpress.com/2015/04/09/monitoring-wan-status-on-openwrt-using-alarm-pinger/

The script could trigger the wireless connection and vice versa.


Updating http_proxy environment variable

You can change the http/https/ftp proxy environmental variables using the following commands:

export http_proxy='http://user:password@prox-server:3128'
export https_proxy='http://user:password@prox-server:3128'
export ftp_proxy='http://user:password@prox-server:3128'

as a one-liner:

export {http,https,ftp}_proxy='http://user:password@prox-server:3128'

These will not persist however, so you may wish to add it to your bashrc.


How can I increase disk size on a Vagrant VM?

I found this simplest way to resolve this problem:

Install this plugin: vagrant plugin install vagrant-disksize
Edit the Vagrantfile:

Vagrant.configure('2') do |config|
  ...
  config.vm.box = 'ubuntu/xenial64'
  config.disksize.size = '50GB'
  ...
end

vagrant halt && vagrant up

Note: this will not work with vagrant reload


Ubuntu 14.04 single-boot with UEFI-mode enabled

If your motherboard fully supports UEFI mode,  enable that.  Then,  make sure when selecting your flash drive,  you boot into UEFI mode.
To do this,  I recommend using dd.
To find your flash drive

sudo fdisk -l

Let's say it responds with

/dev/sda
/dev/sda1
250 gb
/dev/sdb
/dev/sdb1
14.9 gb

Then you would

dd bs=4M if=/path/to/Ubuntu.iso of=/dev/sdb

To further clarify,
bs=4m Is the base size of four megabytes, a number that I found to be fast and stable with my devices.
if=/path/to/Ubuntu.iso Input file, and then the path to the file. (Right click the file, click copy, and click the terminal and select 'Paste filenames'
of=/dev/sdb Output file (usb stick, should be discovered with sudo fdisk -l and selected based on size)

After successful boot in UEFI mode, install and make a ~100 mb partition and make it an 'EFI boot partition'. That should be it.


How to compare list of files with different extensions and delete extra files?

Here is a small bash script that can help you to solve this task:

#!/bin/bash
for file in Images/*.jpg
do
    if [[ ! -f "Labels/$(basename ${file%.*}).txt" ]]
    then
        echo rm "$file"
    fi
done

Remove echo to do the actual changes.

The script must be executed in the parent directory, here it is formatted as inline command:

for f in Images/*.jpg; do if [[ ! -f "Labels/$(basename ${f%.*}).txt" ]]; then echo rm "$f"; fi; done


apt-get can not install or remove any package

It looks like you have conflicting repositories configured and packages from those repositories are both trying to install and are conflicting. This is not an simple answer fix. Usually its a step by step of finding which packages conflict, removing them and installing the packages you want. If you are not very familiar with this process, it may be best to ask in a chat channel.

The first step, which I can answer is given in the output you pasted.

dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/ruby-json-pure_1.5.1-0ubuntu3_all.deb (--unpack):
  trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/json.rb', which is also in package ruby-json 1.6.3-1

So the ruby-json package is conflicting with the ruby-json-pure package. Whoever made the packages didn't correctly specify the conflicts-with on the package. We should file a bug.

You could start by trying to remove both packages and installing one

$ sudo apt-get remove ruby-json-pure ruby-json

I just tried to unsuccessfully recreate the error on my 12.10 system and I do not have a ruby-json-pure pacakge available. What repositories do you have enabled?

Finally, I'll suggest that instead of using system ruby, you consider using rbenv so that you can have both ruby-json and ruby-json-pure in different environments.


Windows share mounts but without write permissions

This command in /etc/fstab should help:

//server.domain.com/<shared_folder> /mnt/shared cifs uid=<username>,credentials=/home/<username>/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm,domain=AQUARIUS 0 0

In the file /home/<username>/.smbcredentials, use this format:

username=<username without domain>
password=<password>


Change ownership of VMware Fusion shared folder

Use this fix: http://viraj-workstuff.blogspot.com/2013/07/vmware-fusion-permissions-on-shared.html

This should be a more permanent fix.

sudo vim /etc/vmware-tools/services.sh
Search for vmhgfs_mnt="/mnt/hgfs". After this line add:

vmuser=${VMWARE_MNT_USER:-root}

Then search for vmware_exec_selinux "mount -t vmhgfs .host:/ $vmhgfs_mnt" and replace it with following section:

uid=`id --user $vmuser`
gid=`id --group $vmuser`
vmware_exec_selinux "mount -t vmhgfs .host:/ $vmhgfs_mnt -o uid=$uid,gid=$gid"

sudo vim /etc/init/vmware-tools.conf

Before the pre-start and post-stop lines add:

env VMWARE_MNT_USER=[The guest user you want]

sudo reboot

NOTE: This will have to be redone when you update/reinstall vmware-tools.


Your problem is probably caused by the Windows feature known as Fast Startup. See here for information on how to shut it off. You may need to also disable Hibernate, as described here. These features cause filesystems open in Windows to be left in an inconsistent state in other OSes, which is highly dangerous. In your specific case, the EFI System Partition (ESP) is shared between OSes, and so is probably left in a state in which it cannot be written from Ubuntu, producing the error.

After you disable Fast Startup and Hibernate, you should reboot once or twice. You then have several options for recovery. The three simplest are probably:

Run the Boot Repair utility. This should install GRUB, which is the step that's failed, and you should be good to go.
Download the USB flash drive or CD-R version of my rEFInd boot manager, prepare a boot medium with it, and boot with it. You can then install rEFInd via its Debian package or PPA, and your system should then work. Note, however, that if Secure Boot is active, you'll need to either jump through extra hoops or disable it for this approach to work.
Re-install Ubuntu, being careful to delete or completely overwrite the existing Ubuntu installation. (Automatic settings might result in a duplicate installation, which you probably don't want.)

Note that you need to do only one of these three things. (Of course, if you try one and it fails, you can try another one.)


Why does Firefox tell me in my preference that my browser is being managed by my organization?

your Linux distribution using organization policies to disable Firefox's builtin update checker, but nothing to worry about, it doesn't mean it's actually managed by your organization.
so It's Linux policy disabling the builtin update checker in Firefox so that it handles all updates through the package manager (apt/dpkg in Ubuntu).


Synaptic Package Manager dependency is not satisfiable

Actually -- that's apt-get for you instead of synaptic.

Few tricks for you to start rolling off on your own:

sudo apt-get upgrade -y && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -y

This loads up all updates/upgrades that is up to current.

sudo apt-cache search KEYWORD

If I entered 'apache2' as keyword in that command line (sudo apt-cache search apache2), then it will list all of repository available for you to choose.  Once you found what you like, fire this command to have that package installed for you:

sudo apt-get install KEYWORD -y

You see, when using apt-get as package manager, it's doing you so much favor because it will compile and do all of dirty work in configuring and linking the system to new package.  I couldn't live without this.  :)


I did nothing to solve this.
However, today upon updating my kernel, sound now is working

The output of inxi -A is

Audio:
  Device-1: AMD Family 17h HD Audio driver: snd_hda_intel
  Device-2: NVIDIA TU102 High Definition Audio driver: snd_hda_intel
  Sound Server: ALSA v: k5.4.0-37-generic


Unable to install any ubuntu version on my old computer

My suggestion is that the minimal install cd.

http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/trusty/main/installer-i386/current/images/netboot/mini.iso

Following this summary guide

Ubuntu Minimal Install


Not able to maximize screen in ubuntu 18.04 LTS

This worked for me:
sudo su
cd /media
mkdir cdrom
mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom
cd cdrom
sh VBoxLinuxAdditions.run


First, try with different installation CD:

Ubuntu 10.04 desktop
Ubuntu 10.10 Alternative

You can find both images from here.

Second, if different CD isn't helping, file a bug report to Launchpad.

Third, you can try with another distribution, for example Fedora or Debian (Ubuntu is based on Debian).


Can't seem to get rsync right for backups

the command looks good to me.
have you had it synced completely once at the beginning?
if so, compare the size of the folders to check the size differences with

du -sh /media/Sea01
du -sh /media/n54l/804E-B550/BU


Change GTK+3 icon theme for a specific application

How about:

mkdir -p /home/$USER/.firefoxconfig
export XDG_CONFIG_HOME=/home/$USER/.firefoxconfig
lxappearance #or similar to select theme and icons

and then start firefox as:

XDG_CONFIG_HOME=/home/$USER/.firefoxconfig firefox

As far as I know, firefox itself does not use the folder ~/.config. If it does (or some other application for which you want to do the same as above), you might want to symlink relevant files/folders to .firefoxconfig.


Installed Google Earth now can't open Skype

The only step that looks like can cause a problem in that walk-through is the dynamic linker configuration changes. I'd try this steps:

Delete the /etc/ld.so.conf.d/googleearth.conf file.
run, as root, ldconfig again.

You can use the following commands to do it:

sudo rm /etc/ld.so.conf.d/googleearth.conf
sudo ldconfig

I have not tested it, but it can be easily reversed following those two points in the tutorial again. Hope this helps.


Is it possible to take a screenshot of a circular selected area?

I put together a small script for circular screenshots, you need the following packages (though it’s adaptable for other screenshot programs and terminal emulators as well):

sudo apt install xdotool gnome-screenshot imagemagick xterm

The script

#!/bin/bash

output=~/$(date +%F_%H%M%S).png
temp_screenshot=$(mktemp).png

read -p "Move cursor to center and press Enter"
eval $(xdotool getmouselocation --shell)
x_center=$X
y_center=$Y
read -p "Move cursor to edge and press Enter"
eval $(xdotool getmouselocation --shell)

gnome-screenshot -f $temp_screenshot

radius=$(bc <<<"sqrt(($X-$x_center)^2+($Y-$y_center)^2)")

convert $temp_screenshot -alpha on \( +clone -channel a -evaluate multiply 0 -draw "ellipse $x_center,$y_center $radius,$radius 0,360" \) -compose DstIn -composite -trim "$output"

Save it as e.g. ~/circular_screenshot.bash and make it executable with chmod +x ~/circular_screenshot.bash. When you run it, the script first asks you to move the mouse cursor to the center position and press Enter and then to move it to an edge position (doesn’t matter which, the script calculates the radius from the distance) and again press Enter. The screen then flickers while the screenshot is taken (I recommend using scrot $temp_screenshot instead, it doesn’t show this odd behaviour.) and ImageMagick’s convert1 is used to crop the image. The output is saved with a timestamp as the filename in your home directory, you can change this behaviour by editing the output variable of the script.

Example output

Call without (or better: with an invisible) terminal window

I suppose you don’t want to have a terminal blocking your screen every time you make a screenshot like that, so here’s a solution for that; Call the script as follows (assuming the script was saved as ~/circular_screenshot.bash):

xterm -geometry 0x0-1-1 -e ~/circular_screenshot.bash

This runs the script in an invisible terminal window (icon with a red “X” and a blue “T”), you just need to make sure it’s focused when you type Enter.
You can assign this command to a keyboard shortcut using your desktop environment’s settings.

As ImageMagick is incredibly powerful you can adapt this script to output other shapes as well, I used ellipse with the same radius in both x and y direction to draw the circle above – change that to e.g. $radius,$(bc <<<"$radius*0.5") to get an ellipse with eccentricity above 0 instead.

1: I took the approach from this thread on imagemagick.org.


Check your bios settings, secure boot feature in BIOS should be disabled.
Since you can boot into Ubuntu with commands. Do it, and when you are in Ubuntu:
At first try sudo update-grub and reboot
If no success.

To find out if you have efi or legacy boot run in terminal:

[ -d /sys/firmware/efi ] && echo "EFI boot on HDD" || echo "Legacy boot on HDD"

For efi boot:

sudo grub-install --boot-directory="your boot directory" --bootloader-id=ubuntu  --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory="your efi directory"
Example "your boot directory" = /boot and "your efi directory" = /boot/efi

For Legacy boot:

sudo grub-install sdx
x in sdx being your disc with Ubuntu eg. sda, sdb etc.  You can find this out with gparted

Last

sudo update-grub  and reboot


ImportError: No module named '_tkinter', please install the python3-tk package

The python3-tk package has support for python versions 3.6 and 3.7, not 3.5, which is your default.  Change your default python to a version supported if your work supports that.  Otherwise, if you really need version3.5, you will need to track down the support files.


It is possible to dual boot Linux and Windows 10 with secure boot enabled?

Yes, it should be possible to boot both Linux and Windows 10 with secure boot enabled. However, this will be dependent on your machine's firmware and configuration.

You'll need to ensure that the signing key for both of the operating systems is present in the UEFI key database (specifically, the db key database).

The Ubuntu shim binary (the first thing loaded by your machine's firmware) is signed with the following key chain:

image signature issuers:
 - /C=US/ST=Washington/L=Redmond/O=Microsoft Corporation/CN=Microsoft Corporation UEFI CA 2011
image signature certificates:
 - subject: /C=US/ST=Washington/L=Redmond/O=Microsoft Corporation/OU=MOPR/CN=Microsoft Windows UEFI Driver Publisher
   issuer:  /C=US/ST=Washington/L=Redmond/O=Microsoft Corporation/CN=Microsoft Corporation UEFI CA 2011
 - subject: /C=US/ST=Washington/L=Redmond/O=Microsoft Corporation/CN=Microsoft Corporation UEFI CA 2011
   issuer:  /C=US/ST=Washington/L=Redmond/O=Microsoft Corporation/CN=Microsoft Corporation Third Party Marketplace Root

- so you'll need to ensure that at least one of those is present in db.

Then, the shim will load GRUB, verifying the grub binary's signature against the one in the MOK key database. You can inspect this one with mokutil. This is the signature chain for the grub binary on my machine:

image signature issuers:
 - /C=GB/ST=Isle of Man/L=Douglas/O=Canonical Ltd./CN=Canonical Ltd. Master Certificate Authority
image signature certificates:
 - subject: /C=GB/ST=Isle of Man/O=Canonical Ltd./OU=Secure Boot/CN=Canonical Ltd. Secure Boot Signing
   issuer:  /C=GB/ST=Isle of Man/L=Douglas/O=Canonical Ltd./CN=Canonical Ltd. Master Certificate Authority

Other than that though, see if you can find any error messages or error logs from the failing boot process. They may point you in a more specific direction for debugging.


Snap Inkscape not using window colours from theme

Snaps use the Desktop theme only if there's a snap version of the theme available. If you're using a different theme, snaps revert to the default theme.


Windows 7 hangs at grub's purple screen when dual booting

I had the exact same problem (I was able to listen to the windows login sound even when the only think I saw was the grub purple screen).

Luckily I found a workaround:

move the file 30_os-prober to 06_os-prober (because I wanted the windows entries to be listed first)
run sudo upgrade-grub

And now it works fine every time... I do not not understand why and I have not tried to isolate if update-grub is enough or not.


How do I connect to a WiFi network using wicd?

I created a new encryption template for TTUnet

name = TTUnetEncryption
author = lordloh
version = 1
require identity *Username password *Password
protected password *Password
-----
ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
network={
   ssid="$_ESSID"
   proto=RSN
   key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
   eap=PEAP
   phase1="peaplabel=0"
   phase2="autheap=MSCHAPV2"
   identity="$_IDENTITY"
   password="$_PASSWORD"
   priority=1
}

placed this in /etc/wicd/encryption/templates/ and activated it in /etc/wicd/encryption/templates/active.

This let me connect to the network. However, I think I shall ditch wicd as it disconnects the wired network while connecting to wireless networks.


Is there an Ubuntu upnp interface or api for XBMC/KODI?

There used to be a now depricated HTTP GET interface.

That said, the way to go now is JSON-RPC: http://kodi.wiki/view/JSON-RPC_API

It is usable over various transports: TCP,HTTP,locally via python and websockets. The web interface is just an extra.

I suppose this will give you more control over kodi than UPnP because it is the proprietary protocol. But i was just trying to get my head around upnp&kodi when i found your question, so...


How to make Yakuake open always on same screen when working with multiple screens?

In the menu, under Options, there's a sub-category Screen where you can set your preferences for that.


If the ssd was encrypted correctly and the keys are not stored on it in plaintext for whatever reasons, the encryption will be enough and you don't even need to format it.
If you have doubts regarding the encryption process, you should do a safe erasure.


This exact same bug was happening to me recently.  Dell XPS M1330 with NVIDIA 8400M GS on Ubuntu Saucy with KDE from kubuntu-ppa/backports.

I found that simply toggling Desktop Effects off and on fixed it.  The default key is Alt+Shift+F12.  Also, if you leave Desktop Effects off, it doesn't happen.  I usually leave them off because it lets my laptop run a little cooler.

Hopefully future upgrades to KDE or the driver will fix this.  I haven't upgraded this laptop to Trusty yet.


Install the package python-scapy by running the following command in a Terminal:

sudo apt-get install python-scapy


There is no installation, unless you want to compile the game yourself. If so, give me a comment.

Install some dependencies

sudo apt-get install git curl libsdl-mixer1.2 libsdl-image1.2

Download the Linux archive
Open a terminal via Ctrl-Alt-T
Extract the archive (the version number 1.5.3 depends on the downloaded version)

sudo tar xvf ~/Downloads/redeclipse_1.5.3_nix.tar.bz2 -C /opt

See if it works (the version number 1.5.3 depends on the downloaded version)

/opt/redeclipse_1.5.3/redeclipse.sh

Create a desktop file

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/redeclipse.desktop &

and add the content below.

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Red Eclipse
Comment=Red Eclipse
Type=Application
Exec=/opt/redeclipse-1.5.3/redeclipse.sh
Icon=/opt/redeclipse-1.5.3/src/install/nix/redeclipse_x128.png
Categories=Games;
Terminal=false
StartupNotify=true
Save and close your editor
Start Red Eclipse via your Dash/GNOME Shell


After looking through the code, there doesn't appear to be any code to actually read the profiles. The profiles do get written to ~/.config/jstest-gtk/profile/profileX.xml.
This nifty program is v0.1.1. I'm not sure where this version number came from as the original developer only released v0.1.0. Chances are that the developer just never got around to writing the profile read/load code. The project appears dead now, with the last change on Github being a typo fix a year ago.
So, ultimately, it'll be up to somebody else to actually implement the profile reading/loading functionality in the program. However, you can use the written ~/.jstest-gtk/profile/profile1.xml as a reference to set the values as desired.
UPDATE
I have found a way to save these settings. Once you have your deadzones and everything configured in jstest-gtk, it automatically applies the settings using jscal. The joystick package that contains jscal also contains js-store, js-restore and udev rules for js-restore. So, in order to save your configuration you simply have to open a terminal and type this command:
sudo jscal-store /dev/input/js0

/dev/input/js0 is my joystick, but yours may be different
After running this command, when plugging in your joystick/joypad js-restore will automatically run thanks to the udev rules which will automatically restore the joystick profile made with jstest-gtk and saved with js-store into the file /var/lib/joystick/joystick.state.
See also: jscal manpage


How do you find the directory of a command?

You can use the whereis command to find the location of an executable binary on your system.

Example:

$ whereis ls
ls: /bin/ls /usr/share/man/man1/ls.1.gz

EDIT: From this answer to a similar question, you can also use the which command.

Example:

$ which ls
/bin/ls


What does Permission denied mean when I attempt to download Ubuntu as a Windows Vista program?

With Vista Microsoft introduced the User Account Control system (UAC) and it's likely that you do not have Admin rights to download programs (.exe files).

You can turn UAC off by following the steps on this Microsoft Guide


Ralink 3090 wireless connects but is slow and unstable on an Ideapad S205

Try using ndiswrapper to install Windows XP drivers (not the installer, the .inf files). That's how I use my Ralink wifi, since the driver present in Ubuntu also makes my connection too slow, unacceptably slow.


As far as I know, Windows likes to override any bootloader with its own when installed. You have installed Ubuntu after Windows, but I would still try to solve the problem as if it happened for this reason.
First answer to this question seems to outline how to get it back pretty well. Basically, boot from a Linux LiveCD/flash drive and reinstall grub.


Is /home/myname/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20130219/eclipse a directory or actually the program you want to execute? If the latter, your .profile should contain

PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20130219"


How to "redecorate" (shade/unshade) an application when accidentally disabled 18.04

I was able to backup my bookmarks, passwords, and extension settings and restore Firefox to a virginal state using the following command:
$ rm -r -v ~/.mozilla && rm -r -v ~/.cache/mozilla


The SISX files are used by applications that are installed on the Nokia phones that operate on the Symbain operating system.   To try to open the file take a look at S60 Software Suite.

I don't have a Nokia phone to be able to test with, so I can't verify for sure that it will work.


A better input method for Chinese in Emacs?

You can use ibus with emacs (22 or higher) by installing ibus-el.

ibus-el  or sudo apt-get install ibus-el

There are instructions for setting it up at Ibus Mode. The instructions were written when ibus-el was still a PPA, but the rest of it holds. Slightly updated instructions are also installed to /usr/share/doc/ibus-el

If you have installed ibus-el, you can ignore most of the instructions. All you need to do is add the following lines to your ~/.emacs file:

    (require 'ibus)
    (add-hook 'after-init-hook 'ibus-mode-on)

Something not mentioned in the manual is that Ibus is not listed as in input method in Emacs even after installing ibus-el. So there's no need to bother with C-\. Just use the Ibus indicator on the menubar to switch input methods like you would with any other application.

Also, Ibus won't see an available input window immediately after Emacs has started. If you try to switch to a Chinese input method at that point using the Ibus indicator on the menu bar, nothing will happen and you might think it's not working. But just click in your file before trying to switch the input method (letting Ibus see the available edit window) and then menu bar indicator and Ibus work as normal.


You can use Mongodb source list file to install =>3.6 mongodb version.

Create the source list file /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.0.list.

echo "deb [ arch=amd64 ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu bionic/mongodb-org/4.0 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.0.list

Update package database.

sudo apt update

You can define version number while installation.
For example,Here I have pinned 4.0.5 version.

sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org=4.0.5 mongodb-org-server=4.0.5 mongodb-org-shell=4.0.5 mongodb-org-mongos=4.0.5 mongodb-org-tools=4.0.5


How to recover my system from a failed upgrade due connection lost?

If you can't connect to the internet because the function is missing, you will most likely have to re-install Ubuntu. That said, backing up your data is easy as Ubuntu install discs have a live session you can use to access files on the computer.

Just boot up the install disc (I recommend the 13.10 release, so you don't have to upgrade again) and choose Try Ubuntu. Let it complete loading and you can now navigate through all your files. Just plug-in a USB drive with enough space on it, and copy all the stuff you need to the new drive. Safely remove the drive and start your installation.

PS: Next time, be sure to upgrade when power is connected, internet is stable and you have the time for it to complete.


You want to map the "Pen Stylus" (eg "Wacom Intuos S 2 Pen Stylus") not the "Pad pad":

$ xsetwacom --list
Wacom Intuos S 2 Pen stylus         id: 12  type: STYLUS    <--- This one
Wacom Intuos S 2 Pad pad            id: 13  type: PAD

For others who may find this question you get the name of your monitor (DP1-2 above) from the 'xrandr' command.

More info: http://linuxwacom.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Xsetwacom


Not able to open ubuntu software center and update manager

Use the following command to remove it

sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq google-chrome-stable

then re install it again.


What features/problems should I look for before writing snapshotting support in a backup tool?

You should probably look at Clonezilla and SimpleBackup (aka SBackup) which seems to do what you want.


How do I block a protocol using iptables firewall

Well, in this case you probably want to block the ports Yahoo Messenger uses, not the protocol (which is TCP/UDP, used by almost everything else).

Based on this list, I would start with port 5050 outbound and perhaps add more:

sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 5050 -j DROP

Once you have a set of rules that you have determined is sufficient, don't forget to save them with iptables-save (or they will be lost upon reboot).


Easy way to add a zero to the filename if it need it

There are lots of different ways to do this, but taking your attempt as a starting point

for f in /lib/**/[0-9][0-9].jpg; do
  b="${f##*/}"; d="${f%/*}";
  echo mv "$f" "${d}/0${b}";
done

That is, instead of matching all jpg files and then trying to test how many digits each has, just match the ones with exactly two leading digits. Remove the echo once you are satisfied that it's working correctly.

Alternatively you could something like this with the Perl-based prename command:

prename -n 's/(\d+)\./sprintf("%03d.",$1)/e' /lib/**/*.jpg

This takes any non-empty sequence of digits before a . and reprints them zero-padded to a minimum width of 3 digits.


Is AFP or SAMBA more secure for external access?

Generally speaking AFP, CIFS/SMB (i.e. SAMBA) and NFS are not secure protocols, as they are designed to work inside a local 'trusted' network.

You may have some form of authentication but e.g. the traffic is not encrypted.

If you need secure access you should tunneling the traffic via SSH or even use a VPN.


Problems with Ubuntu 12.04 install on Windows 7 image

There are several windowsprograms (especially 3rd party programs with the word "secure" in it) that tamper with the bootsector and hence, killing GRUB in the process.

Old but still actual refs:

http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/ucgi/~cjwatson/blosxom/debian/2010-08-28-windows-applications-making-grub2-unbootable.html

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1447786


How Can I create an image of my Linux install to an external drive formatted with exFAT?

Based on the Supported features for gParted (also see this), the program gParted should be able to Copy your exFAT Partition from your source disk to a different disk.

There are lots of "HowTo's", tutorials and videos on how to run this task of which I provide you with some links, some of them are dated on 2006, which means that the process can be done since then, so please don't complain about "how old are the tutorials".

http://gparted.sourceforge.net/larry/move/move.htm
http://www.ghacks.net/2010/06/03/copy-partitions-with-gparted/
http://whirlpool.net.au/wiki/gparted

and a Video:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8BEZJmKqxYs

You may experience some kind of issue when running the process from LiveCD/USB, so you may consider installing gParted in a physical install of Ubuntu and connect the hard disk drives in the proper connections (PATA/SATA/USB) in order to avoid these problems.

I have read somewhere in the net that Clonezilla also allow you to cloning exFAT partitions but I haven't tested exFAT cloning myself, however, Clonezilla is my favorite when cloning partitions/disks.

If you need further support don't hesitate to drop a comment or a new question about gParted and the copy function.

Good luck!


Ubuntu 14.04LTS updated, mysql wont start (HY000/2002, mysql command not found errors)

After reading the MySQL documentation, I noticed that you can (?) actually copy the data files and move them back to the new installation (Cold Backup). So I just copied the files and moved on and installed MySQL 5.6.

Moving the files turned out to be unnecessary in my occasion, as the databases were all in place after the installation.


thermald is not a vital package, but recommended by the linux-image-generic kernel meta-package.

You can get this information by running

apt show thermald

(shows general info about the package, note the output line "Priority: optional"), and

apt rdepends thermald

(shows a list of packages that directly depend on/recommend/suggest thermald).

Recommended packages are no necessary dependencies, but normally automatically installed like those, because although the recommending package can work without them, they add important functionality.

So you could remove thermald if you desire to do so, but I would recommend you to fix the dependency chain and properly install the meta-package which recommends thermald again.

Probably this can be done in your case by running

sudo apt install --reinstall linux-generic

This should not install any real packages, providing you still have them all, just meta-packages like linux-image-generic or so. After that, thermald should no longer be in the autoremove candidate list.

Edit:

As you say you are on 16.04 LTS and want the 4.8 HWE kernel instead of the 4.4. GA kernel, make sure you have the meta-package linux-generic-hwe-16.04 (and xserver-xorg-hwe-16.04) installed instead of the linux-generic I recommended above.


Terminal colors rendering darker on 20.04

Looks like it was a change to the default in VTE that affected gnome-terminal and terminator. As mentioned in the comment above, you can get back the old default (that bold colors are brighter) in gnome-terminal by checking the "Show bold text in bright colors" option.

There is currently no way to change this in terminator, but there's an active issue on Github. https://github.com/gnome-terminator/terminator/issues/38


Every time I restart my symbolic link disappears?

Your symbolic links points to a media HDD, which is only connected (mounted) on demand.

By default in Ubuntu, partitions different from the system partition, the EFI partition and eventually the swap, are not mounted on startup. They appear in the left pane of Files (nautilus), and are mounted only when you click that button.

Thus, to have your symbolic link work, you first need to open Files and click the media HDD.

Of course, in your case, you may prefer that your media drive is automatically available as soon as the system has started. To achieve this you need to change the mount options of that partition.

You can do so using the utility Disks.

Select the disk where your media partition resides in the left panel, and then click the relevant partition in the graphical layout of the drive in the right pane
Click the cog icon and select "Edit mount options"
Turn off "User Session Defaults" so you can edit the mount options
Check "Mount at system startup"
Provide a valid mount point, i.e., a folder in your system where the contents of the new partition is to appear. If you wish, you could directly specify your "Videos" folder here, i.e. /home/
Click "OK" when done.

If you mount in a system folder, e.g. /mnt/media, then make sure you change the ownership of the mount point if you want to be able to read/write in the root of your media partition.


Command to get the public IP address of a router

You could ask the router.

If it supports UPnP, then you can use upnpc from the miniupnpc package

Try:

upnpc -s

or

upnpc -m enp1s0 -s

to specify explicitly the interface to use. So change enp1s0 to fit your setup. Obviously, don't use the tun0 interface or the interface used by the VPN, if any.


The email address is not the only thing you modified. You also changed the shell from Bash to Bourne in the shebang:

#!/bin/sh

Change it to this:

#!/bin/bash

The Bourne Shell doesn't support fancy Bash parameter substitutions like this: "${stdin:0:27}"


What is the black arrow in top right corner on top of all windows?

This is typically the image of a (Budgie-) applet with an empty or incorrectly showing popover. Most likely one of your applets is not loading correctly.
To find out
Just look through the list of installed applets (loaded into the panel, as Budgie Settings shows), and/or run from a terminal budgie-panel --replace&, and see if anything specifics shows up in the panel, pointing to the misbehaving applet.


How do I hide Thunderbird from the launcher while running?

You can use the plug in called "Minimize to Tray" in Thunderbird to achieve that. Once installed Press F9 to minimize Thunderbird to the system tray. You will keep on receiving the Emails when it is minimized.

This works perfectly fine when you click the mail icon in the system tray.

I hope this will be helpful.


How Do I Setup OpenVPN and Nginx To Allow Sharing Port 443?

You cannot. If both programs want to use port 443, and you can't configure one of them to use a different port, you're out of luck.

Imagine a single Ethernet packet arriving at your system, aimed at port 443. Which program handles it?


Is there a gedit plugin that will detect errors in php code?

Yes, phplint . You can get it from :

https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Gedit/ThirdPartyPlugins-v3.0

Direct link https://github.com/janpecha/gedit-phplint

  To install one of these plugins, you need to download the files and put them in your ~/.local/share/gedit/plugins/ directory (which may need to be created). They need to be in that exact directory; subdirectories are not scanned for plugins.

so ..

mkdir -p ~/.local/share/gedit/plugins/

Then on the second link I gave you, click the "Download Zip" button on the left , unzip the archive to ~/.local/share/gedit/plugins/