How can I set up Ubuntu Base image for Arm on my Android phone without rooting?

Setting up Ubuntu in Termux involves three parts,

Installing the base image
Installing a DE (I will use XFCE in this answer, as it is user friendly but not heavy) and a VNC server
(optional) Enabling sound, because VNC protocol does not support sound

Simplest method - If you don't want to get your hands dirty, install Termux, and simply download either Andronix (Website, GitHub) or AnLinux, and install Ubuntu 20.04 with them. These apps provide the scripts to download and extract the base image, to install desktop environments (e.g. XFCE), and setup the VNC server, which you simply need to copy-paste in Termux.

 User interface of Andronix
How to use it?
When done, enter the command ./start-ubuntu20.sh to open Ubuntu, and the command exit to leave Ubuntu. Once you start Ubuntu, enter the command vncserver-start to start the VNC server (with the XFCE desktop), and the command vncserver-stop to stop it.
(unfortunately, it is named ubuntu20, although it is actually Ubuntu 20.04, not Ubuntu Core 20. Once you get an idea how the script works, you can rename everything to ubuntu20.04, or anything else)

 Some of the entries (e.g. uptime) are wrong due to fake /proc entries, otherwise recent versions of Android would not let Ubuntu work.
How to access XFCE desktop with VNC Viewer?
Install a VNC viewer app in Android, e.g. VNC Viewer - Remote Desktop, or androidVNC. And open the address localhost:5901 to connect to the VNC Server.
Tip: Choose quality: high, or 24-bit color (4 bpp) for better picture quality. Also, VNC Viewer - Remote Desktop supports the portrait as well as landscape mode very well. Other VNC viewers don't seem to have good support for the portrait mode.

 Applications running in XFCE desktop. I installed Tango icon theme and Arc GTK theme
However, these apps will download the Ubuntu Base from their GitHub repo (where they have saved a copy), not from Canonical's website.
All the scripts in these apps are available in their GitHub repositories under free licenses.
What does this script do?
This script downloads the Ubuntu rootfs image for the architecture of your device, and then sets it up to work with proot. Recent versions of Android (v10, v11) impose some restrictions, and that is why this script creates fake entries in /proc to fool Ubuntu and Android into functioning normally.

Enabling Sound
Andronix has made a script to enable sound.
Run the following command in a termux (Not Ubuntu) shell.
 pkg install wget && wget https://andronixos.sfo2.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/OS-Files/setup-audio.sh && chmod +x setup-audio.sh && ./setup-audio.sh

To use sound
Start Ubuntu in a Termux shell, and open another Termux shell (don't open Ubuntu there).
Run pulseaudio --start in the new Termux shell (not in Ubuntu), and now Ubuntu would be able to play audio.
Audio demonstration - Youtube Video
Note that the file setup-audio.sh is cryptic (probably so that the competitor's of Andronix cannot use it), and its human readable form can be found here.
It is so cryptic that people at Unix & Linux Stack Exchange thought that it could be a malware, but I have verified that it is not.

Slightly complex method - combine step 1. and 2. in one go (but download the images from Canonical, not from Andronix's GitHub repo).
Andronix has an automated script for downloading the rootfs, installing the DE, and then setting up the VNC server.
However, the Andronix script downloads the rootfs from their GitHub repo (a renamed version of the Ubuntu 20.04 (not 20.04.2) rootfs), not from Canonical's server.
We will modify the script to use the image from the Canonical's server instead.
First install wget and nano in Termux (if already not installed), and then download the script.
pkg install wget nano

wget https://github.com/AndronixApp/AndronixOrigin/blob/master/Installer/Ubuntu20/ubuntu20-xfce.sh

Now open the script in Nano.
nano ubuntu20-xfce.sh

Change the contents of line 29 (use either Hacker's keyboard or scrcpy - see Tips:#6. Otherwise it is hard to edit in a mobile device),
wget "https://github.com/AndronixApp/AndronixOrigin/raw/master/Rootfs/Ubuntu20/focal-${archurl}.tar.gz" -O $tarball

to the following
wget "https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-base/releases/20.04/release/ubuntu-base-20.04.2-base-${archurl}.tar.gz" -o $tarball

Now save the file (ctrl + x), and run it.
sh ubuntu20-xfce.sh

Now head on to How to use it? and How to access XFCE desktop? (in previous parts of the answer). You can optionally follow Enabling sound to enable sound.

Complicated method

Installing the base image

The first step is to install Termux in Android. It is available in Google Play(not anymore updated) as well as in F-Droid.

Installing the rootfs.
It involves a lot of steps, so I would take help from scripts available in GitHub (otherwise it would be reinventing the wheel). Some of such projects are, Andronix, AnLinux, Ubuntu-on-Termux (there are many more). Among these, AnLinux (also available on F-Droid) and Andronix are available as Android apps, to help copy-pasting the installation commands. The script in Ubuntu-on-Termux has to be downloaded and manually run in Termux.
You can edit these scripts to suit your needs.

Andronix has an automatic script for downloading the rootfs, installing the DE, and then setting up the VNC server. To use this, install the Andronix app, choose Ubuntu 20.04, and install the XFCE version.
However, the Andronix script downloads the rootfs from their GitHub repo (a renamed version of the Ubuntu 20.04 (not 20.04.2) rootfs), not from Canonical's server.
To use the version from Canonical's server, we will use the script in Ubuntu-on-Termux instead.
Open a Termux window, and enter the following commands one by one. The first command installs wget in Termux, the second fetches the ubuntu.sh file using wget, and the third executes ubuntu.sh.
pkg install wget

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MFDGaming/ubuntu-in-termux/master/ubuntu.sh

sh ubuntu.sh

What does ubuntu.sh do?
It installs proot in Termux, downloads and extracts the Ubuntu 20.04.1 base image, and sets up a script (startubuntu.sh) to run Ubuntu afterwards.
Once done, enter the command ./startubuntu.sh to start the Ubuntu session, and the command exit to exit from the Ubuntu session.
(If you use Andronix or AnLinux instead, you may have to run ./start-ubuntu.sh or ./start-ubuntu20.sh instead.)

Installing XFCE desktop and VNC server

You can manually install xfce4, xfce4-goodies and tigervnc-standalone-server ,tigervnc-common, and dbus-x11, and then set up the vncserver (create a password, add startxfce4 to .vnc/xstartup and run vncserver :1. To close, run vncserver -kill :1).
However, we can use the script by Andronix to set up XFCE desktop and VNC Server.
Open Termux, and start Ubuntu.
First we will install wget and download the script.
apt update && apt install wget
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AndronixApp/AndronixOrigin/master/APT/XFCE4/xfce19.sh
sh xfce19.sh

You can provide a password for VNC (or provide no password, if you wish so). Now, you can start the vncserver with the command vncserver-start, and stop it with the command vncserver-stop.
System requirements:

Recent versions of Termux work with Android 7 and higher. However, you can download slightly older versions of Termux which work with Android 5 and 6 (I have verified that they function correctly).
The Ubuntu rootfs + XFCE desktop consume ~ 1 GB of disk space, and ~ 300 MB of RAM.

Security
By default, Ubuntu rootfs cannot access the files in your Android phone. Data in Termux is isolated from other data in Android. And you can easily delete all files in Termux (including Ubuntu) by deleting the application data in Android settings. However, I bear no responsibility for any kind of issue arising from following this answer. The number of stars in GitHub would give you an idea about how many people are using these scripts. They are not malware.
Tips:

One can change the screen resolution in VNCServer. I found that the resolution 700x1500 (in portrait mode) works very well in my 6.5 inch phone screen.
Vanilla XFCE is boring, you can install your favorite icon themes and GTK themes.
You can edit start-ubuntu20.sh/startubuntu.sh to access the internal storage and sdcard of your phone.
By default, it uses the root account. However, you can create non-root account with su -s username, and give them sudo access.
Choose quality: high, or 24-bit color (4 bpp) in the VNC Viewer for better picture quality.
To edit files in Termux, install Hacker's Keyboard(Google Play, F-Droid) in Android, or use scrcpy to use your computer's keyboard for editing.
Containerized apps (e.g. snaps and flatpak) are known not to work in this method. Quoting from the Andronix Docs

SNAP/Docker/Flatpak packages cannot be installed on any Linux
environment. It is mainly due to two reasons. Primary being that both
require kernel and bus modeules which are unavailable in PRoot
environment and second being that both are mainly focused on Intel/AMD
based architectures and not for arm architecture.

Feel free to edit this answer to make it better.


Have PM utils power.d scripts run all the time

You can enabled this using:

sudo pm-powersave true

or if you want, I guess you could add the following to /etc/rc.local:

pm-powersave true


In order to be sure to have the universe repository, where the gimp program package is stored, run (in a terminal window)

sudo add-apt-repository universe

Then run

sudo apt-get update

and if you have an installed system (but not if you have a live or persistent live system)

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Finally install gimp with

sudo apt-get install gimp


A greeter is a graphical login interface. It's also often called the login screen.

Greeters are provided by the system's display manager. This wikipedia article on LightDM, the display manager written by Canonical for Ubuntu systems, lists greeters that can be used with LightDM, such as the Unity greeter. Not all current versions and flavors of Ubuntu use LightDM; for example, those that have GNOME as their desktop environment use GDM.

The display manager is responsible for starting the graphics server, Xorg (or, these days, sometimes Wayland). After that, it presents the greeter. If the greeter can't be started for some reason, such as misconfiguration, you won't be able to log into your system graphically.

I think your question is referring to this answer about a bug in LightDM causing the low graphics mode message to confusingly appear when the greeter can't be found. This bug was fixed long ago. If you are getting the low graphics mode error now, it's more likely to be a graphics driver issue.


How to rename the root partition of Ubuntu 16.04?

Boot from the Ubuntu installation media and select Try Ubuntu without installing, once on the Ubuntu Live desktop open GParted. Right-click the partition you want to rename - select Label File System and enter a name for the partition. Click on Apply to finalize the pending operation.

This is the safest method to rename the partition - because  all gets done on an unmounted disk.
In the example shown below I renamed the Ubuntu root partition, when you created a separate /home partition during the installation process, the procedure to rename it is exactly the same.


Upgraded Ubuntu 17.10 is not quite the same as the newly installed one

To shrink the size of Ubuntu Dock run

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock extend-height false

as suggested here.

To place Ubuntu Dock at the left run

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock dock-position 'LEFT'

To get rid of Xorg entries from the greeter remove/rename (something.desktop to something.desktop.backup etc.) entries in /usr/share/xsessions.


"dkms: WARNING: Linux headers are missing" after doing kernel upgrade

The update to the 4.2.0-17-generic kernel did not contain the headers.  Those come down later.  The autoremove removed the older headers from the last kernel 4.2.0-16-generic which the script was not supposed to do.

Reinstall the older kernel header by typing in:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-4.2.0-16-generic

Hope this helps!


User created from command line, can't login successfully

UPDATED: to reflect solution.

I don't think that created a $HOME for your user.

You might want to run this too:

sudo mkdir /home/hduser #if it doesn't exist
sudo chown -R hduser:hadoop /home/hduser

then try logging in again.


How do I set up SFTP file access logging for OpenSSH?

By default sshd logs to the system logs, with log level INFO and syslog facility AUTH. So the place to look for log data from sshd is in

/var/log/auth.log

These defaults can be overridden using the SyslogFacility and LogLevel directives. Below is a typical server startup entry in the authorization log.

In most cases the default level of logging is fine.

The following should give you only ssh related log lines

grep 'sshd' /var/log/auth.log

To be on the safe side, get the last few hundred lines and then search (because if the log file is too large, grep on the whole file would consume more system resources, not to mention will take longer to run)

tail -500 /var/log/auth.log | grep 'sshd'

EDIT:

From man sshd_config

 LogLevel
         Gives the verbosity level that is used when logging messages from
         sshd(8).  The possible values are: QUIET, FATAL, ERROR, INFO,
         VERBOSE, DEBUG, DEBUG1, DEBUG2, and DEBUG3.  The default is INFO.
         DEBUG and DEBUG1 are equivalent.  DEBUG2 and DEBUG3 each specify
         higher levels of debugging output.  Logging with a DEBUG level
         violates the privacy of users and is not recommended.

so you can change this parameter in sshd_config. But seems it doesn't track files.

You can investigate a bit though:

1) To find all files NOT owned by your logged on user in your home folder, type:

find ~ -type f ! -user $USER

1.1) To find all files that do not belong to any legitimate user (they should not exist), type:

find ~ -type f -nouser

2) As files on the system have three timestamps called mtime (file modification time), ctime (inode change time and permissions), and atime (file access time), these can be queried to find out how files have been modified. It is often debated which of these are the best to use, but probably the best way to find out when files were accessed or modified is to use the find command to search atime and mtime, with which you specify days ago, and the additional find options amin and mmin, with which you specify minutes ago.

For each of these commands, the same command switches are used: for example,-atime 1 will match those files that were accessed exactly 1 day ago; to specify more or less than, append a + or a - respectively. The examples below may clarify all this (specify -type d for directories):

find ~ -type f -atime 1
find ~ -type f -amin -23
find ~ -type f -mtime 2
find ~ -type f -mmin -45

To combine my approaches so far, you could enter the following commands from your home folder; the first searches for files accessed by a person who is NOT your user, and the second for any files modified by persons other than by your user less than two days ago.

find ~ -type f -atime -2 ! -user $USER
find ~ -type f -mtime -2 ! -user $USER


How to add users from .csv by specific field?

You could try

sudo awk -F , '($5=="male") {system("useradd " $1)}' file.csv


i cant boot ubuntu after trying to install burg

you could try this boot from live session, and then write this in the tty:

 grub-install
 update-grub
 update-grub2
 grub-mkrescue

and the it sould work fine this way.


How to download code with weird interface

wget http://www.vogella.de/code/de.vogella.dnd.jface/.classpath.html downloads the webpage with the classpath to a file on your system called .classpath.html (mind the . making it invisible to ls when not using ls -a).

The same aplies to all the other links. Their names are...

.classpath.html
.project.html
META-INF/codestartpage.html
icons/codestartpage.html
plugin.html
src/codestartpage.html

So all you need to do is change the .classpath.html in the wget-command to these names and you will pull each of the html files in from that website.

Comments...

The text you are after is plain text inside the HTML so this will include a bit of garbage: you will also pull in html code and anything this person put into the html file. grep, sed, awk are some tools that can help clean the result up.

I would recommend to copy/paste the code (the site has a plain-view and copy to clipboard) so wget (to me) seems to be the wrong tool.


can't access drives with persistent liveUSB

I had the same problem. Searched a lot, but didnt find anything. Had to create the casper.rw file again.

Copy the data you need on your USB flash drive and then use this casper recreator on windows..:

http://www.pendrivelinux.com/casper-rw-creator-make-a-persistent-file-from-windows/

(casper.rw contains all your persistent session data. recreating it will wipe it all.)


Is it possible to change language for user interface temporarily?

To temporarily run an application from a locale different to English in English language you may change the environment variable LANG_ALL, and then run the application from a terminal provided you had installed the different locale before:

LANG_ALL=en_GB rhythmbox # runs Rhythmbox with British English locale
LANG=C rhythmbox # runs Rhythmbox with system fallback locale, this is English

See also:

How to override the system locale on a single command?
Temporarily change language for terminal messages/warnings/errors
Ubuntu Documentation Locale

Note that his will not work the other way round, i.e. if your system is set to English and you need to temporarily run an application in another locale. You will then have to override settings in the LANGUAGE environment variable:

Why is overriding the LANG environment variable not changing the language for me?


Looking at package information, flannel requires at least libc6 >= 2.17.

Judging by age, I'm guessing that libc6 2.17 wasn't yet released at the time xenial was originally released, so the package manager probably didn't want to guarantee it would work.

xenial is now at libc6 2.23, so if you download the .deb from artful here and then manually install it, it should run ok.


DOWNLOADING UBUNTU- please any help on how to download

Visit the official Ubuntu Server webpage and click the button that says Download Ubuntu Server.
Select the version of Ubuntu Server and click the Download button.
The Ubuntu Server iso file can be installed via a CD, DVD or USB flash drive after it has been downloaded.


I had a similar problem with two servers. To stress the system as little as possible, I use nice and ionice

#!/bin/bash
while IFS= read ip; do
    /usr/bin/nice -n 19 \
    /usr/bin/ionice -c 3 \
    /usr/bin/rsync --delete --delete-excluded --password-file=/home/aboettger/.rsync_pwd  -av /home/aboettger/Music rsync://$ip/media;
done < host_names

Adapted for you

#!/bin/bash
while IFS= read ip; do
    rsync --password-file=rsync_pwd_file -avz rsync://$ip/BrandStIN /home/lanein1/BrandStIN
    rsync --password-file=rsync_pwd_file -avz rsync://$ip/MarySt /home/lanein1/MarySt
    rsync --password-file=rsync_pwd_file -avz rsync://$ip/IWM /home/lanein1/IWM
done < host_names

Content of host_names

% cat host_names
192.168.2.40
192.168.2.41


You can use ComposeKey sequences to easily write ligatures. This link should provide all the information you need:

http://fsymbols.com/keyboard/linux/compose/


Ubuntu 14.04, GT 750M install nvidia 346.72 for CUDA, cudnn, theano

I haven't had much luck with the the proprietary drivers, so here is a solution using the modified drivers that should work just as well. Make sure to remove any nvidia drivers or cuda installation before following these instructions.

Install the drivers:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-XXX nvidia-prime

Restart your computer and make sure the drivers installed correctly. To check, install nvidia x server settings. If your gpu is found, this software will display information about your graphics card.

Next install the cuda toolkit from standard repository:

sudo apt-get install nvdia-cuda-toolkit

Then install the correct cuda library from the repository added earlier:

sudo apt-get install libcuda1-XXX
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa

XXX in the above code will depend on what graphics card you have. For me (I have an nvidia 970M) it was 346.

Finally, try running deviceQuery (may have to run as sudo) to see if cuda is installed and finding your gpu.


I would recommend turning off acpi to rule out a false sensor or condition based shutdown if you disable acpi, then the only other way would be by script or someone remotely entering a shutdown command.

its better to adjust your grub - you will not have to keep changing it when a new kernel comes along.

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

change the line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

to read something like

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="noapic"

or

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi=off"

save then

sudo update-grub

to finish.

But, as sysadmin, I would tell you that if you are really serious about serving webpages, get a Debian loaded dedicated server. They are so cheap now a days. you can spend $40 bucks a month with 100MBPS line unmetered. ISPCONFIG is a free control panel with all the frills you might ever want.


Baidu Browser is currently not available for Ubuntu.

If you want to install Baidu Browser on Ubuntu, you can install it via WINE.


In some cases dkms remove command does not remove the modules correctly.

This may happen, if you used mkdsc or other options of dkms.

It is quite safe to remove the module manually, if it is not installed according to dkms status.

You can do it by

sudo rm -r /var/lib/dkms/alsa-firewire

Another notice. You incorrectly use dkms install command.

The correct way is

sudo dkms install -m alsa-firewire -v 3.11


You need a permission to create the file in ../../../../../Desktop.

Because the php code is exucuted with apache user privaliage.

If you want it, You must check and change with following commands.

ls -l ../../../../../Desktop

sudo chmod 777 ../../../../../Desktop

or

sudo chown xxx ../../../../../Desktop

the xxx is apache user name.


Red is the default color for matches when using grep with the  --color=auto option (which is set by your default ~/.bashrc file).

It has no significance beyond indicating that grep found the text that you asked it to search for.


How to get 12.10 fix for PDF Printing Problem (where some pages print blank) in 12.04?

Unfortunately I do not understand what the question actually is.

I am using the Cups PDF package (which you can install via sudo apt-get install cups-pdf), which adds a new PDF printer to your printer list and automatically saves all documents printed with it to /home/<user>/PDF/.

I have not noticed any bug like the one you described with this, also running Ubuntu 12.04. If you are not using this way it might be a simple solution.


Can Ubuntu be installed on any hardware?

You have to download the iso image for Ubuntu and then make your pendrive bootable. Then try to install Ubuntu (while doing this you'll get an option to install alongside windows). To make a bootable pendrive you can use Rufus or Unetbootin.


Thinkpad T460P: Scrolling jumps to top on 2 finger touch

This bug is fixed in Chrome 52: https://productforums.google.com/forum/#!topic/chrome/Xh9GV7jNymo
https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=609748

Until then, the 'solution' I use is to place one finger on the trackpad before the other. Then you can scroll without jumping.


Variable not initializing by throwing "command not found"

Well, any one who's going to see this solution, if you know the reason behind it just let me know.
I will be glad.

We just need to remove the spaces around assignment operator.

cmd=$1


How can I make Logitech Media Server available without specifying a port number?

You can use iptables to do map requests to port 80 back to 9000:

sudo iptables -I PREROUTING -t nat -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 9000

This will allow you to request http://myserver/ without the port number.  In order to make this persistent across reboots, you'll need to install iptables-persistent

sudo apt-get install iptables-persistent


9.04 is not supported anymore, it has reached its end of life in Oct 2010.

You can still update it to the latest packages released by that time (no new packages or bug fixes were released for 9.04 after Oct 2010, beware of that, these where the last updated packages and that is all you will get).

Edit /etc/apt/sources.list with your favorite text editor, ie:

  sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Add these 3 lines to the end of the file or modify the current lines to reflect the old-releases necessary sub domain

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jaunty main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jaunty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jaunty-security main restricted universe multiverse

Optional is the backports repository, you can add it or not after those 3 lines

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jaunty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

After this is done and the file has been saved you can update your system to those package's versions with sudo apt-get update, and has an option you can also upgrade to a newer version if desired.


How to read the all files in a directory and display them using cat command?

First go to employer/ directory (using cd /path/to/employer/ command), then use one of the following commands:

cat file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt file4.txt file5.txt

or, simple:

cat *.txt

If you want to save the output in a new file, then you can use:

cat *.txt >new_file.txt

If you want both, to write the output to standard output and to a new file, then you can use:

cat *.txt | tee new_file.txt


Ubuntu vm guest not working with full resolution

This is exactly your problem: extended the HD size! There was the same problem under my debian 8.7. After resizing my HD with GParted I get those error message from VMware. I tried to reinstall either open-vm-tools and VMware-tools but still with the same error after login to KDE and other GUIs.

Then I installed open-vm-tools to a snapshot without the resized HD and now it works fine.


Cannot remove E-mail in geary account list

How many accounts are there in total? If you are trying to remove the last one, you'll need to either add a second account, or manually remove the account by deleting ~/.config/geary/ACCOUNT_ID as well as ~/.local/share/geary/ACCOUNT_ID (replacing ACCOUNT_ID with the actual id of the account, of course), per Bug 714572.

Update:

If you have installed Geary from Flathub, those paths are a little bit different: ~/.var/app/org.gnome.Geary/config/geary/ACCOUNT_ID and ~/.var/app/org.gnome.Geary/data/geary/ACCOUNT_ID.


Ubuntu-Gnome 14.04 not suspend when inactive

These are two settings that you configure in different places. Open the control panel, selecting System Settings in the cog applet (where you power off the PC):

to set the time before suspend, go to Power
to set the time before screen blanks, go to Brightness & Lock


Cannot bootstrap due to "maas" environment not found

Try removing the ${} from the maas-server address. It should then look like:

maassrv:
  type: maas
  maas-server: 'http://192.168.1.116/MAAS/'
  maas-oauth: 'your-key-from-maas'
  admin-secret: 1234
  default-series: trusty
  authorized-keys-path: /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

If that fails, run juju with the --debug and paste the output in your question. E.g. juju bootstrap -e maassrv --debug


Keep in mind that scripts installed in /etc/cron.{hourly|daily|weekly|monthly} must be executable, for run-parts to process them.

Update: Indeed, defining the shebang is also mandatory in cron scripts for run-parts to process them. And as a general rule: you should always set one.


As dobey said, there's no way to get the IMEI in confined apps, so I gave up on trying to get an ID based on the device itself. Instead, I just generate a UUID and store it in U1DB.

// uuid.js
.pragma library

function generateUUID(){
    var d = new Date().getTime();
    var uuid = 'xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx'.replace(/[xy]/g, function(c) {
        var r = (d + Math.random()*16)%16 | 0;
        d = Math.floor(d/16);
        return (c === 'x' ? r : (r&0x3|0x8)).toString(16);
    });
    return uuid;
};

// Elsewhere
U1db.Database {
    id: db
    path: "settings"
}

U1db.Document {
    id: user
    database: db
    docId: "user"
    create: true
    defaults: {
        "userId": ""
    }
}

// Somewhere I need the userId
Item {
    id: thing

    Component.onCompleted: {
        userId: user.contents.userId
        if (!userId) {
             userId = Uuid.generateUUID()
             var userContents = user.contents
             userContents.userId = userId
             user.contents = userContents
        }
        return userId
    }
}


How to disable "Mouse battery low" notification in Ubuntu 20.04

This is probably happening because your mouse is entering and exiting it's sleep mode.
You can turn off this notification by going into Settings -> Notifications -> Power and adjusting these settings. You can turn them off completely or just turn off the notification popups. If you have a UPS this might also turn off those notifications too, but I am not 100% sure since I haven't tested it.
I also found this YouTube video describing the steps I explained above.
If you are of the hacker type you can try somethings like this:
https://wrgms.com/disable-mouse-battery-low-spam-notification/


Are you using a graphical desktop or are you on server?
If server then you can safely edit /etc/network/interfaces to something like:

for dhcp :

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

for static IP:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
           address <ip>
           netmask <netmask>
           gateway <gateway_ip>
           dns-nameservers <dns_ip> <dns_ip>

However if you have a desktop then they use NetworkManager daemon to automagically manage the interfaces and overrides/messes up with /etc/network/interfaces. If so, check your network settings from the desktop tool and don't mess with /etc.


You need some more packages. This should get you all you need (I didn't try to compile anything with it):

apt-get download libpython2.7-dev libpython-dev python2.7-dev python-dev

(you don't need sudo for that).

Now unpack the downloaded .deb files into ~/python-dev (this assumes you don't have any other .deb files in your current working directory):

for i in *.deb; do dpkg -x "$i" ~/python-dev; done

Now everything should be in your ~/python-dev/usr/ tree.


How can I change the logo that comes up when I boot my laptop (before grub)

Nope. This is impossible, unless you have extreme levels of intelligence of your BIOS and your computer, architecture, everything.

Just forget about changing it, you can't unless you make your own BIOS, which  can be very dangerous and break your computr.


Which of the filesystems supported by Ubuntu is the most resistant to file corruption?

There are various levels of corruption resistance in file systems in the event of loss of power, from least to most corruption-resistant.

File systems with no journalling.

Examples: ext2, fat32, fat16

Such file systems have no protection against file system corruption due to loss of power.  After a power loss during a write, the metadata for the file may be in an inconsistent state, meaning that the file system is effectively corrupted and needs repair.  A repair won't necessarily be able to successfully recreate a file's metadata from a single point in time.  In some cases, for example, a repair tool may not be able to know certain details about a file.
File systems with a writeback journalling mode.

Examples: ext3/ext4 with data=writeback, NTFS

Writes to the metadata for files is journalled.  After a power loss during a write, the metadata for the file can be rolled back leaving the file system in a consistent state requiring no repair.  However, any changes to the actual data of a file won't be able to be rolled back and the file may be left in an inconsistent state.

A file may even be left with old data from before a write operation even if its metadata is successfully committed.
File systems with an ordered journalling mode.

Examples: ext3/ext4 with data=ordered

Pretty similar to the writeback mode.  Writes to the metadata for files is journalled, and the system ensures that the file data is written before the metadata change is committed in the journal.  After power loss during a write, the metadata can be rolled back leaving the file system in a consistent state requiring no repair.  Any changes to the actual data of a file won't be able to be rolled back and the file may be left in an inconsistent state.

Where this differs from the writeback mode is that you at least will never be left with older data in a file than its metadata, and will never be left with data that previously didn't belong to that file.  If metadata is committed, then it is guaranteed that the file data is at least up to date with the metadata, though it may still contain some newer data from part of a later write to that file.

Having this constraint can improve security and improves the ability for applications to implement their own data integrity measures that rely on the metadata for the file at least reflecting a write that was made to the file at some stage.
File systems with full journalled mode.

Examples: ext3/ext4 with data=journal, Reiser4

Writes to both the metadata and all file data are both journalled.  After power loss during a write, both the file's metadata and all its data can be rolled back to the state it was in prior to the failure.

This mode has the highest performance penalty because all data must be written twice, effectively cutting throughput in half.  Thus, it is rarely used.  Applications that rely on data integrity can take their own measures to ensure file data can be recovered from an inconsistent state, as long as they can trust the metadata on files.
Special mention: log-structured file systems or copy-on-write

Examples: btrfs, ZFS

Some file systems such as btrfs offer similar protection to a full journalled file system without as much performance penalty.  btrfs is a log-structured file system.  Writes to both the metadata and all file data are written to a big long write log which allows both file metadata and contents to be rolled back completely, but this requires no separate "commit" step for the file data, as the file data is duplicated as it's written to, allowing for rollback without writing twice.  If a write fails due to a power loss, the log is only replayed to the last successful write prior, which will still provide access to the old version of the file in its fully consistent state.

ZFS is a copy-on-write filesystem which has similar benefits to a log-structured file system.

Note: Write caching and Barriers

Regardless of the file system, write caching on the drive itself may optimise performance by performing queued write commands in a different order to their place in the queue.  However, this would effectively render all journalling useless, or at least all journalling modes other than writeback which is unlikely to be affected much by this optimization.

To combat this however, drives have implemented a concept of "write barriers" where the computer can tell the drive that it must complete all previous writes before a particular write can begin.  Modern operating systems use write barriers to ensure that journalling file systems benefit properly from the integrity offered by journalling.  In typical file write operations write barriers lose most of the performance benefit you would have gained from the drive's ability to perform writes out of order, but certain applications such as some database servers may still benefit from this even with write barriers enabled.

Write barriers can be disabled in the mount options for a partition but you probably don't want to do this if you are using one of the better journalling modes such as ordered or full journalling.

Some disk drives are designed with their own dedicated back-up-battery which can be used to finish any writes in the write queue in the event of a power loss.  If you have such a drive and trust the back-up battery to do this, you can safely disable write barriers and benefit more from out-of-order writes in the drive.

The current default for Ubuntu is ext4 which has an ordered journalling mode.  This is much better than no journalling at all, because the file system itself won't be left in a corrupted state, and it's a step up over writeback, because it guarantees that if a file's metadata is updated, its contents have been updated.  Note that the default for ext3 was changed to writeback a few years back.

btrfs was designed as a replacement for ext3/4, and future Linux distributions may switch to it as a default, though that is not a certainty. If this does happen, it will bring better ability to cleanly rollback with no significant performance penalty.


the recommended driver for gtx1060 and ubuntu 16.04 is nvidia-384

still cannot switch to intel, because I get a blank screen, but the nvidia driver works okay.


Is Dell Inspiron 15R Special Edition compatible with Ubuntu?

I've just finished installing Kubuntu 12.04.1 LTS on this machine.  Notes (unfortunately, I spent about 14 hours getting this to work, so I'm attempting to pull together the various pieces that seemed to work, rather than having a tested final procedure).  In short, no, this is not a problem-free installation:

If you want to use the SSD as a drive in Linux

In windows, search control panel for "Intel", in the Intel Smart Response Technology panel, disable acceleration entirely
Note: this is only if you intend to use the SSD as a regular drive in Kubuntu, if you actually use Windows you may wish to keep it enabled as a cache for Windows, but that is untested.

WARNING: Do not disable SRT in the bios, or your windows will become unbootable (it will blue-screen)
WARNING: Do not resize the Windows 7 partition with regular partition editors, as they will move the partition to incorrect offsets and windows will spend an hour moving them back only to have them junked.  I wound up having to delete the windows partition and do a factory restore onto a new (smaller) partition to get Windows to boot
you need to enable dmraid in order for the Ubiquity installer to see the hard drive for installation

Boot Kubuntu Live CD/USB-Key, choose "Try Kubuntu"
Start a console
sudo modprobe dm_mod
sudo dmraid -ay
Install Kubuntu
WARNING: a bug in Kubuntu's installer means that it will select /dev/sdb as the default MBR target, you must select /dev/sda
WARNING: do not attempt (as suggested in various locations) using "apt-get remove dmraid", as while that allows you to install Kubuntu, it winds up installing the MBR to the wrong location (it does not get used when the controller is in "STR" mode)

Switchable AMD Graphics (Intel + AMD)

Intel graphics work fine out-of-the-box
To enable AMD graphics you need at least the AMD fglrx 12.9 beta, as the switchable graphics don't work on the stable releases. Directly downloaded from AMD, do not use the install-fglrx-debian.sh script, as it installs a slightly older copy that does not recognize the card in the machine.  Use the "build a deb" option in the installer. Run the aticonfig --initial script, reboot to pick up the new driver, run amdcccle to confirm that it worked.
Note: performance of the AMD graphics does not appear particularly good, glxgears shows 800fps or so, so there may be no actual advantage to installing the support package

Sensors/hardware

install lm-sensors, run sensors-detect, allow it to add coretemp to the boot modules (to get some temperature monitoring)
There is no fan-speed control, so expect your fans to run continuously (and they are noisy)

I do not see 802.11/n access points, though the driver claims to be 802.11/n capable

Everything else seems to work so far:

webcam
HDMI Video output
regular wifi (b/g)
keyboard and trackpad
bluetooth
speed-step (cpu frequency scaling)
basic suspend on lid-close/resume on open, but with a scary-looking "failed to resume" message before it comes back up, likely due to some hardware not resuming properly

Untested:

SSD
Hardline networking
Card reader
HDMI Audio Output


Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS - MD Volume Not Found after update to 4.4.0-190-generic kernel

This was the correct solution:
sudo update-initramfs -u -k all

Thanks to Terrance!


What applications can I use to synchronize my Rockbox media player?

You can use any program to manage your media for Rockbox because rockbox creates it's own database that's independent of the actual directory structure, so any utility that can somehow sync it's Music to a flashdrive works with rockbox (you could even sync your library with rsync or unison).

Banshee (http://banshee.fm) is a nice, but sometimes unstable and buggy, music manager with nice UI and features like maintaining a directory structure based on the metadata of the music, managing podcasts, plugins for LastFM, Amazon etc. Managing Videos. Banshee even has special rockbox support (rockbox is detected via the .rockbox directory) but this only works if you delete the directories created by apple (ipod_control etc) otherwise it will be detected as iPod. When using banshee keep in mind that it can't embed Covers into music files but stores the covers in ~/.share/media-art

Other nice programs are Rhythmbox and Guayadeque. Rhythmbox has many of the same features as Banshee with a clean UI and Guayadeque is much less user friendly but has many nice features, of which the custom copy feature is the most interesting for Rockbox because you can specify in what directory structure you want music to be copied.

But see for yourself, you can easily manage the same directory of music with all three applications at the same time, so don't be afraid to try out all three.


How can I improve battery life on an Eeepc 1015 PEM?

In ubuntu there a lot of background processes running all the time,this leads to battery consumption more than windows, what you can do is go to System Monitor and end all unwanted processes.


Big problem: Complete computer crash (no response when booted)

Boot into BIOS first to find out from which device the machine trys to boot. Then boot from CD or USB again to check what is on the HD.


I can authenticate but can not login in using my password?

If you chosen  "Login without password" this is useful only to pass by the login screen without password. This doesn't mean that you don't still have a password. You will still need your password sometimes (for example when you use a command with sudo or gksu).

I can advise you to change again your password to the old one from terminal with passwd command and search for /etc/shadow~ (with~ at the end) file or /etc/shadow- (with- at the end) file (this is a backup for /etc/shadow file). If you find it, rename it with the original one (sudo mv /etc/shadow~ /etc/shadow).


I get this same issue if I go from another Desktop Environment to Xfce4 (Xubuntu). As long as I have chosen the Xfce4 (Xubuntu) and tried to log in and it loops, I then reboot the system and then it should still be on the Xfce4 (Xubuntu) then I can log in. It doesn't happen on every DE switching back to Xfce4.
Hope this helps!


Removing redhat os from a dual boot linux operatin system

If GRUB is not installed on the same partition as RedHat, you can just delete the partition that contains RedHat.  Your Ubuntu install should have nothing on that volume and won't be affected.

You can do this using the "Disks" application.

You may need to run sudo update-grub to remove RedHat from the GRUB menu.


This is nothing to do with Apache.

It's the way you made your link.

ln -s doesnt evaluate . relative to your current directory.  Relative links will always be created to the resulting link file.

It it will create a link to . in /var/www which will evaluate to a full path of /var/www/.

You need to replace the dot with a fully qualified file name

sudo ln -s /home/me/myProject /var/www/myProject

Note
Just to drop the hint (as I have a similar setup myself):  Don't forget to make sure Apache has read permissions on your project files.  It's easy to forget, but the resulting "403" can make you think its the config that's wrong not the file permissions.


How do I turn on networking in recovery mode?

I never figured out my wifi but I got on with an Ethernet by running ifconfig eth0 up. Thanks!


apt update Error. Every Reboot first two times. This is normal?

I also faced the same problem.
When it happens try the below command to find out if background updates are happening.
ps aux | grep apt

I found that there was a background update happening in my case(Ubuntu 16.04, 18.04 and 20.04). It is part of unattended-upgrades.
I followed the below steps to disable it-

Searched for Update in application list
Opened it. There is an option for Settings
In one of the tabs, I found the option to set the frequency of updates and the contents of automatic updates.
I update weekly on my own. So I set it to Never check for updates.
It is only recommended if you are managing your updates regularly on your own.


Is there a reiser4 patched kernel available somwhere?

You need to patch your own source tree and build your custom kernel.
As of now, libaal-1.0.5.tar.gz, reiser4-for-2.6.32.patch, and reiser4progs-1.0.7.tar.gz is needed.
Works like a charm.


Slow access to Android files on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

Look at this perfect answer: https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/91900/is-there-a-viable-alternative-to-mtp-for-file-transfer/106323#106323

It is possible to install an app, which creates a local webserver, which is accessible through the file browser on your computer through USB tethering network.


I had similar issue in Ubuntu Studio 14.04 LTS, running kernel version 3.13.0-43.  I added an HDMI display (no sound capability) to my desktop as an addition to my older DVI monitor.  Attempting to add the new screen from boot/power-on caused a system freeze.  Attempts to add the HDMI display after boot via the Display applet under Settings Manager prompted a scrambled screen and system or X crashed (couldn't tell which one, screen unresponsive to anything but hard power cycle).

As mcchid mentioned, booting to an earlier kernel version -in this case 3.13.0-40- resolved the issue (you can boot to prior kernels under the Advanced options in the Grub boot menu).

Interestingly, I found a strikingly similar issue with kernel 3.17.3 (Kernel Bug Tracker – Bug 88481) that had the exact same error message I had been getting from DMESG: BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ffffec2000000900.  This seems to have possibly been brought on by commit ffe0245532b98efc4bc0e06f29c51d3f0e471152 in at least the case of the later kernel version.


Ubuntu 14.04 : subprocess dpkg-deb --control returned error exit status

If I ran into this I would try :

sudo apt-get clean to clear the apt cache. Then run sudo apt-get update to update the package list to the latest.

Then sudo apt-get -f install Then sudo dpkg --configure -a to try to fix any installations that didn't finish and then finally sudo apt-get upgrade To try again.

Of course I would only move on if the previous command runs without errors

Try this and if you run into any errors during the process, update your question with the command and error you got stuck on.


ubuntu 14.04 64bit on Virtualbox Windows 10 host

You will have to enable Virtualization in BIOS, if your CPU support it. Else you are stuck with 32 bit guests.


How to uncompress VMware tools file with tar

tar is a program to produce (and unzip) archives from multiple files, and also a file format just like .rar or .zip commonly seen in Windows.

What the program is asking you to do is follow the steps and then unzip the .tar file you get.

To unzip the .tar file use this tar xvzf <nameoffilehere>.tar.gz

A bit more explanation of what the command does:

f: this must be the last flag of the command, and the tar file must be immediately after. It tells tar the name and path of the compressed file.
z: tells tar to decompress the archive using gzip
x: tar can collect files or extract them. x does the latter.
v: makes tar talk a lot. Verbose output shows you all the files being extracted.


How to install skype in ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS

dpkg fails because cannot found the file, are you sure that you have download Skype at ~/Downloads ?

Besides that, I recommend to use package manager like apt or aptitude (or if you prefer a graphic utilit Ubuntu Sofware Center).

# add repository
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner"

# update packages list and install
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install skype

Source and more info: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Skype

EDIT: removed add i386 as @gertvdijk suggested!


QML: How to display a "<" character in a richTextBox?

Use

&lt;

There is a useful site with signs codes.


This sounds similar to a problem that I have occasionally.  When it happens I am able to get the graphics to show by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F7 which goes to the terminal that your desktop loads on.  I have only my integrated graphics card so I have no idea if this will works for your gpu cards.   If the next time this happens Ctl+Alt+F7 does not work, this should get your desktop back but it WILL close all your running programs and restart your desktop so you will lose any unsaved work that was open a the time the computer suspended.

Press Ctrl+Alt+F(2-6, any will do) to get to your other terminals. enter your username and password at the prompts.  after you are logged in type the following:

sudo stop lightdm

you will get a message that says lightdm stop/wait  then type:

sudo start lightdm

this will restart your desktop and then go to your log in screen or straight to your desktop if you have it set for automatic login.


php5-fpm : Depends: php5-common (= 5.3.10-1ubuntu3.8) but 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.4 is to be installed

The problem is that you are mixing repositories of different versions. You should not ever do that!

  precise universe because yandex don't have main restricted

Yandex repository is complete with main, restricted, universe and multiverse in all the precise precise-updates and precise-security as can be seen here:

After you have fixed your repositories, just do sudo apt-get update and it will be fine.

  quantal-security main restricted because I need php5-fpm

Precise has the package!

http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=php5-fpm


Triple boot problem with Windows 7, Ubuntu 12.04 & Fedora 17

I suppose your GRUB  is corrupted.I have myself also a triple (Vista, Ubuntu 11.04 and Ubuntu 12.04).   Boot with the boot CD and let  fix it automatically. Try to repair  the GRUB it with the boot-repair CD.  You can look here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


execute the "apt install package" command when binary not found

Usually you have to run the needed installation command manually. The requested functionality does not exist. For clues see source code of main command-not-found python script and file list of command-not-found package.
We can invent some hack like two functions shown below
install_cnf_apt() { $1 2>&1 | grep -E "(apt|apt-get).*install" | tail -n1 | sh -x; }
install_cnf_snap() { $1 2>&1 | grep "snap install" | tail -n1 | sh -x; }

and add them to ~/.bashrc later. They will work as shown below:

$ htop

Command 'htop' not found, but can be installed with:

sudo snap install htop  # version 3.0.5, or
sudo apt  install htop

See 'snap info htop' for additional versions.

$ install_cnf_apt htop
+ sudo apt install htop
...
Unpacking htop (2.1.0-3) ...
Setting up htop (2.1.0-3) ...
...

or
$ install_cnf_snap htop
+ sudo snap install htop
htop 3.0.5 from Maximiliano Bertacchini (maxiberta) installed


'Read-only file system' locked me out, won't boot

file system which is booted in read only mode(ro) and user not able to create any file in / directory:--

first check current format of root file system

mount

it will show like /dev/sda1 is mount on / as ro or rw if it is in ro mode we have to run manual fsck command but remember DO NOT RUN THIS COMMAND ON A MOUNTED FILE SYSTEM IT MAY CURRUPT DATA for that boot system in recovery mode or recue mode

fsck /dev/sda1 -y

reboot

mount -o remount,rw /dev/sda1  (To mount file system in rw mode)


How can I upgrade from Ubuntu 10.10 to 12.04?

Note: I have switched to Xubuntu from Ubuntu.  Originally I thought it was for older, less robust hardware but found it's avoidance of the "advanced" Ubuntu's complexity a blessing and a truly useful desktop for me.

Update: I should have noted that this works for Ubuntu and Xubuntu, Xubuntu just being a plus. I removed Unity after final Xubuntu upgrade.

Note: I upgraded a very simple 10.10 Ubuntu dedicated to an mythtv client to 12.04 without any problems.  My big workstation for 10.10 mythtv support was a different story...

The one anomaly not fixed was the 2nd monitor screen1 not being drawn properly, but with Xubuntu I at least get partial functionality.

How I did it (over weeks and many, many false starts)...

I cleaned up my system and made a back-up:  Fully updated.  Split
off /home into a separate partition.  Dropped my manual nvidia
driver installation, and installed Ubuntu restricted driver.  Used
nvidia-settings to disable second monitor. Made sure grub2 was
installed on MBR of disk containing the root partition.  Down loaded
and burned the boot-repair disc (10.10 uses a different version of grub2
than later).
Installed Xubuntu desktop.
Used Software sources to find a server.
Ran sudo update-grub
Used Update-manager to do a release-upgrade to 11.04. Removed Unity. Fully updated and set restricted nvidia driver.  Reset compiz settings to my standard set (cube with 3D windows).  Made a separate back-up of root and home.
Used Software sources to find a server.
Ran sudo update-grub
Used Update-manager to do a release-upgrade to 11.10. Removed Unity. Fully updated and set restricted nvidia driver.    Reset compiz settings to my standard set.  Made a separate back-up of root and home.
Ran sudo update-grub.
Used Update-manager to do a release-upgrade to 12.04, opening the terminal to avoid missing upgrade query and hanging the upgrade. No need to remove Unity. Fully updated and set restricted nvidia driver.  Reset compiz settings to my standard set.  Reinstalled Mythtv client.  Made a separate back-up of root and home.

Notes:

If upgrade to 11.04 fails (mine did), you may have to restore the MBR grub, hence the burned boot-repair disc.

I found that during download of the release upgrade packages the download would hang.  If still downloading, it can be stopped and software sources used to find another server.

I found best practice to switch to the main Ubuntu server when not able to complete download, often slow but sure.

I am blessed with reliable high speed INTERNET access, but still had download problems.

During the upgrades, I found duplicated sources (usually "Canonical partners"...) which I reduce to a single one using software-sources.

I did my upgrades with a dual boot 10.04 (helpful when backing up and restoring but troublesome with grub2.  If you use live CD, make sure you have one for each release, 10.10, 11.04, 11.10 and 12.04.

Each upgrade step took a minimum of two hours, and the upgrades stops when it asked you a question, so prepared to be bored.

The 11.10 to 12.04 upgrade has a bug wherein the upgrade ask you a question but you can only see it if you have "terminal" opened, so open it, good idea far all upgrades.

Make sure after each upgrade you back up well, because you may have to stay there awaiting things to be fixed.  Good idea to keep prior backups until the desired end result is reached.

In conclusion: If you are trying this and broach at a problem, ask a question on askubuntu and here leave a comment pointing to the question.  I will endeavor to answer.  And good luck.

My 12.04 Xubuntu workspace (open in a new tab/window for full size)...


18.04: kernel panic - not syncing: attempting to kill init! exit code-0x00000100

You may need to check your file system, and/or rebuild your initrd.img file. Your BIOS is also antique, but that's not your current problem.

FSCK:

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
type sudo fdisk -l
identify the /dev/sdXX device name for your "Linux Filesystem"
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sdXX, replacing sdXX with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

INITRD.IMG (use only if fsck didn't fix your problem)

from the GRUB menu, choose Additional Options, then Recovery Mode, then Root access
at the # prompt

sudo update-initramfs -c -k $(uname -r)

BIOS: (upgrade only after the system is stable, and after you've done backups)

you have BIOS 1.5.0
BIOS 1.19.3 can be had at https://www.dell.com/support/home/us/en/04/product-support/product/latitude-e5470-laptop/drivers


Is it possible to use grep command nested?

I would split up the packages in separate lines to be grepped with tr:

$ dpkg -s vivaldi-stable | grep "^Depends" | tr ',' '\n' | grep "gtk"
 libgtk-3-0 (>= 3.21.4)


What IM do you use to login into Microsoft Office Communicator?

I used to use pidgin-sipe in Pidgin. The same plugin apparently works through empathy too.

I say "used to" because I'm not longer in an environment where I need it, not because I found anything better. As far as I know, it's the only plugin to tackle the problem.

In short, I think you're left trying get your problems fixed (report a bug), rather than jumping boat to another project... Which is probably healthier for both of you.


Bash script- output to one number once t

#!/usr/bin/env bash

config_file=/usr/local/src/bin/config.txt

last_value=$(tail -1 $config_file 2>/dev/null | perl -n -e 'print $1 if /OH(\d+)",\s*$/' || 0)
next_value=$((last_value + 1))

echo -n userdataOH$next_value\", >> $config_file

The last_value line extracts the number after OH from the last line of the input file (config.txt). If no such number can be found, then it defaults to 0.

The echo -n suppresses the usual \n (newline) after echoing. Without it all new userdataOHNN lines would be on a separate line instead of being appended to the last line.

I'm not sure about the \" in your question. It prints a literal ". Drop it from the echo and the perl command if that was a typo.


Any solution for "no dial tone" when connecting modem to internet

No dial tone means that the telephone line is disconnected. It could be:

a) the modem is not plugged into the telephone line.

b) the telephone line between the modem and the telephone exchange is broken somewhere.

c) the telephone account has been disconnected by the telephone company.

Or

d) you have set Wvdial to use touch tone dialing instead of pulse tone dialing. Which method does your telephone system use?

The command ATDT#777 is instructing the modem to dial (D = dial). The modem tries to do this twice. It fails. The letter T = touch tone dialing. A letter P would equal pulse tone dialing. See this link and study the Hayes Command set.

The command set used by dial-up modems


Python 2 interpreter instead of 3 in Geany

You have to modify the file /usr/share/geany/filetypes.python by
replacing the 2 occurrences of <=python> with <=python3>:

sudo sed -i 's/=python/=python3/g' /usr/share/geany/filetypes.python


Grub not showing up even after running boot-repair and disabling secure boot

I solved this problem by going to BIOS, and switching the order of the Windows bootloader and the Ubuntu bootloader.


Machine recently started freezing. Ubuntu 18.04 and 19.04. Kaby Lake GPU with intel HD 620

Here's an observation: On my end, with a Dell Latitude 7490, this problem only occurs when I run on the laptop screen. With an external screen or a projector attached, the system runs 100% stable.

So, certainly a problem with the graphics drivers, but only related to the built-in monitor. I've tested all different refresh rates without success. Best bet so far is to use an external monitor until the problem is resolved upstream.


When booting Ubuntu 17.10, I'm being asked for an encryption pass key

What is happening is easy:  your disk is encrypted and cannot be read by Ubuntu and needs your decryption key so the encryption layer can then decrypt the disk so it can be read.

The advantage: If your computer gets stolen no one including the NSA, CIA, KGB, ... can read your disk.

The disadvantage: well... you have to type the encryption key when the system boots.


No, you don't need them, unless you are going to be compiling C.


Is ist possible to install and use cool-retro-term wihtout a desktop?

You need a bit of understanding on what happens where.

Traditionally Unix has used the concept of command line interpreters ("shells") running in terminal (typically multiple devices attached using a serial cable or modems, so that Unix itself just reads characters as input, process them and send characters back to the user.  The X11 system is an appendix to Unix which happens to give a graphical user interface supporting a mouse and bitmaps and all.

Linux essentially is the same, except that today serial connections are emulated using the ssh command allowing you to run commands on another computer remotely over the network.

This means that unless you have a graphical frontend there is simply no place to give what you see on the screen dumps on the github page.  You can run an ssh connection to your machine and it is up to the terminal emulator that ssh runs in to render what you see.  This is typically rather boring.

As you are learning I would strongly suggest that you for now simply just install the default Ubuntu desktop and this terminal emulator as well, and play with it.  Then reinstall when you are more familiar with it.


primeira vez que instalo o xubuntu, estou tendo um problema quando desligo o pc

Open a terminal and run:
sudo grub-update

This should fix the issue, but if it doesn’t, try the following:
Edit the file at /etc/default/grub:
sudo vi /etc/default/grub

Find the following line:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=”quiet splash”

and add acpi=force at the end so it looks like this:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=”quiet splash acpi=force”

Save and exit using :wq
Finally run,
sudo update-grub

Reboot and it should be fixed.


Second monitor doesn't get signal if highest resolution is set after upgrade to 16.04

I have exactly the same problem. I have two monitors, one with 1680*1050, and the other 1920*1200. After I updated my system from 14.04 to 16.04, the monitor with high resolution didn't work in its recommended resolution unless set with a lower resolution.

After searching and testing for two hours, I have it solved:

1) set the second monitor with lower resolution (in your case, 1440*900) so that it can work instead of losing signal.

2) turn the other monitor (your first monitor) off in Displays panel.

3) set the current working monitor (your second monitor) back to its maximum resolution (in your case, 1680 * 1050)

4) turn the other monitor on in Displays panel.

I have nvidia-364 installed in my system.

Hope that can help!


Why do I see so many frequent updates to the kernel?

You'll receive frequent updates to the kernel, which is what the linux-image updates refer to, as it's always being worked on with a view to tightening security.

unattended-upgrade is installed by default, but when using the graphical installer, you can select 'no' to automatic updates, which means that it's not enabled. Alternatively there is an option to only install security updates.

If you want to retain very strict control over the packages you use, then don't use unattended-upgrade. The traditional apt-get update and upgrade route is the one to follow, which can be managed in a variety of ways, though editing your /etc/apt/sources.list is usually the simplest and most effective in my opinion.


I found these posts 1 and 2

Not sure if this applies to your case, but it seems to be that the USB port is not outputting enough current or you are running a Raspberry Pi4 w/ 4GB RAM

I'll quote from that post 1 from here

Connect the Pi to the network by cable. The router has DHCP so it gets an IP address.
Look in the router to see what IP address the Pi receives.
From the PC establish an ssh connection as user pi to it:

ssh 192.168.0.106 -l pi
use password: raspberry

Open the file /boot/config.txt with nano texteditor as root

sudo nano /boot/config.txt
use password: raspberry

add the following line:

max_usb_current=1

to the end of the file

press Ctrl+x to save the file and exit nano

Shutdown and reboot the Pi with the command:

sudo shutdown -r now

Then, reboot, try the keyboard. It should now work.

Otherwise you may add instead the following line (following the same instructions above). This will implement a workaround for a kernel bug by limiting the memory to 3GB:

total_mem=3072


Is it ok to run more than one antivirus program?

First of all running 2 anti virus programs on a system will probably decrease performance, and as octopusgrabbus said in his answer, they will conflict with each others, and probably
cause a lot of false p[positive detections.

Linux almost makes it hard for viruses to run However, you may want to install an Antivirus program, to secure your self if you share/transfer files over the network with Windows machines, or files that you get from friends that have Windows machine, such as documents.  For more information about antivirus programs that run under Ubuntu see Why do I need anti-virus software?

But if need to have an antivirus program, I would recommend ClamAV Antivirus

Some of this information is complements of Ubuntu help


How do I get "Fable: The Lost Chapter" working with Wine?

Looking at the Wine app database, seems like this game would run if you install a couple of libraries. According to one of the comments in that page, you have to install libraries using this command:

winetricks vcrun6 wmp9 quartz devenum d3dx9_36

After that, you should be able to run the game. Also, those instructions should work for wine 1.3.5 (or later). During game play, the report says you should skip videos.

HTH.


Issues recovering and encrypted home drive

I'm not sure why, but the ecryptfs-recover-private did not work for me. It couldn't find the encrypted directory even when searching in the vicinity.

I was able to find the answer here:

How do I mount an encrypted /home directory on another Ubuntu machine?

It only works if you do exactly what it says. It looks like the ecrytpfs command defaults to the first of two entries in the File Name Encryption Key (FNEK). Per the link above, I first had to use a different command that returns TWO keys (and adds them to a keyring). Then I had to manually paste in the second key where ecrytpfs defaults to the first key. Worked perfectly after that.


Have you check /etc/network/interfaces setting. I sometime lost enable wifi option by editing this file for some reason.

But you can use:

  sudo ifup

For me wireless interface is wlan0 then I run.

  sudo ifup wlan0

Issue ifconfig to list all your network interfaces.


cannot boot Ubuntu 13.04 64bit (dualboot Windows-8)

Try to follow the following instructions to install a dual boot
http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/tired-of-windows-8-how-to-dual-boot-windows-ubuntu/


Dual boot Windows 10 and Ubuntu freezing after installation

Source
So apparently my problem (but it may affects many more users) simply was that nvidia graphics were "getting in the way". A simple solution after spotting that has been adding in GRUB-edit (e-key right before going for "Live test") nomodeset in front of quiet splash and the ctrl+X to temporally save.
After that shutting down/rebooting was just a distant nightmare.
UPDATE: with Ubuntu 20.04 (focal) it was introduced with ubiquity installer a safe graphics mode that automatically activate the nomodeset option.


Deleted 16GB MySQL log file, no space freed

Per Videonauth suggestion, this can be remedied by rotating the MySQL logs:

logrotate -vf /etc/logrotate.d/mysql-server


Everything is ok! The error:

error: could not verify the tag 'v1.12.2'

does nothing have to do with your current permissions which are set ok!

Search on google for "Can't check signature: public key not found" to see where your problem is.


don't know how to install the latest version of Popcorn-Time

Here are the steps,

Download Popcorn Time binaries

$ sudo mkdir /opt/popcorn-time

FOR 32-BIT SYSTEM EXECUTE:
sudo wget -qO- https://get.popcorntime.sh/build/Popcorn-Time-0.3.10-Linux-32.tar.xz | sudo tar Jx -C /opt/popcorn-time

FOR 64-BIT SYSTEM EXECUTE:
sudo wget -qO- https://get.popcorntime.sh/build/Popcorn-Time-0.3.10-Linux-64.tar.xz | sudo tar Jx -C /opt/popcorn-time
Create executable link

Now, that Popcorn Time binaries are in place, we will create a symbolic link of /opt/popcorn-time/Popcorn-Time binary to /usr/bin/popcorn-time. This will allow non-privileged users to start Popcorn Time via terminal without any additional configuration:

$  sudo ln -sf /opt/popcorn-time/Popcorn-Time /usr/bin/popcorn-time

Create Desktop Launcher

Use your favorite text editor eg. vim and create launcher shortcut. The below command uses vim editor to create new /usr/share/applications/popcorntime.desktop desktop entry:

$ sudo vi /usr/share/applications/popcorntime.desktop

Insert the following content into the above created file:

[Desktop Entry]
Version = 1.0
Type = Application
Terminal = false
Name = Popcorn Time
Exec = /usr/bin/popcorn-time
Icon = /opt/popcorn-time/popcorntime.png
Categories = Application;

Lastly, download Popcorn Time's icon

$ sudo wget -q -O /opt/popcorn-time/popcorntime.png https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Popcorn_Time_logo.png

I have taken reference from this link.


How to determine which packages are part of a metapackage?

What you need is the dependencies of this meta-package. Keep in mind that when you install a package or meta-package using the software center or using the command sudo apt-get intstall PACKAGE_NAME the recommendations are installed too. You need to use sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends PACKAGE_NAME if you want to install only the dependencies.

Let's take for example the lxde meta-package:

You can use the command:

apt-cache depends lxde

Or you can search for lxde at synaptic package manager and right-click on it then choose Properties and see the Dependencies tab.
Finally, the best way, in my opinion, is to search the meta-package you want here: http://packages.ubuntu.com/. For our example, the lxde meta-package is here: http://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/lxde. Here you see both dependencies and recommendations (even the suggestions which are not installed by default) and if you click on a package you see its dependencies. If you click at the bottom of the page at the list of files link you will see that the meta-package doesn't include any important files itself (just a changelog.gz and a copyright file), unlike an actual package.


How do I turn OFF ctrl key highlighting mouse pointer?

In Gnome you have to go to open the Tweaks application

Or from the console run

$ gnome-tweaks

Look for the option "Show location of pointer", in the section "Keyboard and Mouse


This does not solve the fundamental problem, but if the position you prefer is a simple one, like maximized or one third of the screen horizontally, then QuickTile might be able to help you. Have look at it here. You will need to add /path/to/script --daemonize as a startup application.


I've only done the reverse (install gnome-shell when Unity is already installed) - but it should work in a similar way, as far as I know:

sudo apt-get install unity lightdm

LightDM is the login manager, and when you boot the machine, it should allow you to select the window manager you use on the login screen. This has worked for me when installing Gnome-shell on an Ubuntu machine which already had Unity installed, but your mileage may vary.


Is there any alternative for task manager in Ubuntu?

xkill ... you can always open a terminal Ctrl+Alt+t and run xkill, then click on the window of the program that does not respond.

xkill must be installed beforehand, but is available in the official Ubuntu repositories.

Alternatively you can open the terminal, run top to determine the pid of the programm you want to close. Hit q to exit top, then run kill [pid]


How to buy videos, ebooks, music at ubuntu?

There is the Ubuntu One music store, which is included by default on Ubuntu, and is accessible from the Rhythmbox player, from the Music Lens in the Dash, and from the Ubuntu One website.

Amazon no longer supports Linux exactly, particularly if you live in the US.


Auto unlock keyring on auto login without leaving password unencrypted

There is no way to have a keyring password enabled, use auto login and disable the poppup. This is made by design.

The password should be entered some way. If you enable auto login, then you do not enter a password.

If anyone can start the system without entering any password, what is the reason to have a keyring password enabled?

Your suggestion does not make any sense at all. And it is not a bug. Thus it won't be fixed.


Install juju on the main network interface

I'm assuming that you're running a local install of Juju that runs its instances on LXC containers. By default, Juju on LXC uses the LXC bridge (lxcbr0), but we have the option of configuring LXC to use a bridge that also has eth0 interface on it.

I assume that your LAN exists within the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet, and your eth0 interface has IP address of 192.168.1.2.

You will need to set up bridging:

1) Edit /etc/network/interfaces

auto br0
iface br0 inet static
bridge_ports eth0
address 192.168.1.2
broadcast 192.168.1.255
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
bridge_maxwait 0

2) Configure LXC to use your newly created bridge interface. Edit /etc/lxc/lxc.conf:

lxc.network.type=veth
lxc.network.link=br0
lxc.network.flags=up

3) Change the LXC network configuration. Edit /etc/default/lxc:

LXC_BRIDGE="br0"
LXC_ADDR="192.168.1.2"
LXC_NETMASK="255.255.255.0"
LXC_NETWORK="192.168.1.0/24"
LXC_DHCP_RANGE="192.168.1.200,192.168.1.254"
LXC_DHCP_MAX="54"

Restart LXC and networking and your Juju instances should be accessible by other machines on the network.


Can't get audio in rear speakers in most multichannel audio formats

Open alsamixer in a terminal:

alsamixer

press F6 and select your sound card by using the arrow keys and then press ENTER.

The first thing you need to do is turn automute off (use the arrow keys) and then find the back speaker and increase the volume. Press Esc to exit the alsamixer.


The package jupiter is no longer available:

From the ppa page on launchpad,
Jupiter ppa - WebUpd8 team:

PPA description

Jupiter has been discontinued!

The ppa has packages of jupiter up to Raring, but all in status "Deleted" or "Superseded".


nVidia GL 650M on Dell Inspiron n7720 with ubuntu 12.04

You need to install bumblebee. Here you got all you need.


Why doesn't 12.04 recognize my ATI Radeon X300SE graphics card?

I upgraded from 10.04 and found similar problems (dual screen didn't work properly, etc.) No suggestions from the "Additional Drivers" either.

Looks like the package xserver-xorg-video-ati didn't get installed in my upgrade.  Installed that and things started working properly.  It won't show up in the "Additional Drivers" System Settings application.

cat /etc/debian_version

wheezy/sid

uname -a

Linux zippy 3.2.0-30-generic #48-Ubuntu SMP Fri Aug 24 16:52:48 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

sudo lshw -C video |grep product

   product: RV370 5B60 [Radeon X300 (PCIE)]
   product: RV370 [Radeon X300SE]

dpkg --list xserver-xorg-video-ati

Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
 | Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
 |/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
 ||/ Name           Version        Description
 +++-==============-==============-============================================
 ii  xserver-xorg-v 1:6.14.99~git2 X.Org X server -- AMD/ATI display driver wra

Hope this helps.


ubuntu 14.04: cannot connect to WiFi using TLS and WPA2 Enterprise with certificate

I figured out how to solve my issue, though I did it in a strange way. I'm posting this in case somebody else has the same problem.

The way I solved it is simply as follows:

create a new WiFi connection using a different authentication method (not TLS with certificates); put a fake password, and save it. This time the Network Manager will let you save the connection!
obviously the newly created connection will not work, but you can now go back in Network Manager, edit it, and change the Security to WPA2 Enterprise, and the Authentication to TLS, pick your certificates, and save.

Now everything will work.


Getting only a flashing cursor on boot after a forced shutdown, how do I repair the system?

This works for me sometimes and sometimes not.

Boot to live cd.
Open System > Administration > GParted Partition Editor
From the top right of the window, select the drive you need repaired.
Right click on the drive you want to check and select Check.


Unable to access new volume when I mount the drive

Errors often give valuable information and here is no exception.  It helps to break it down in chunks:

Error mounting system-managed device /dev/sdb3/

Your drive located at /dev/sdb3/ cannot be mounted due to an error.

NTFS is either inconsistent, or there is a hardware fault...

There is a problem with NTFS (the file system on the drive).  It may have fixable errors, or it may not (if the problem is the hardware itself)

In the first case run chkdsk /f on Windows

This says that you should boot into Windows and inside an adminstrators command prompt run chkdsk C: /f where C: is the drive letter assigned by Windows.  The error advises you to reboot into Windows 2x.

Another alternative to check faulty NTFS volumes in Ubuntu is run ntfsfix.  You would do this by opening a terminal in Ubuntu and running sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdb3/  (/dev/sdb3/ is used because this is the location of your disk on Ubuntu.)

If the device is a SoftRAID/FakeRAID...

If this applies to your device (unlikely) then follow the instructions given to correct this error with these types of RAID configs.

In the case of hardware error, like a failing hard drive, there is not much that can be done except to replace the drive.  If your hard drive is failing you should make backups ASAP.


How do I set the resolution with a Diamond ATI Radeon 9550?

You might want to install the AMD Catalyst™ 11.11 Proprietary Linux x86 Display Driver proprietary drivers. Latest release is rather stable. You can get them at AMD's site. It should allow you to set the resolution you want.


Why is this USB Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS crashing?

The VFS: busy inodes on changed media or resized disk sda error message suggests that disk sda has defects in the disk, however it is not clear from the error message whether sda is the hard disk that is the installation target or the USB flash drive that you used to install Ubuntu. If sda is the USB flash drive, try making the Ubuntu live USB again with a different USB flash drive. Based on the error message I don't think that reformatting the same USB flash drive and reloading the Ubuntu live media on it would help, although you could reformat it later and use the GSmartControl application from the default Ubuntu repositories to check and repair the USB flash drive.

If sda is the hard disk try using a software solution to fix hard disk errors. Two such tools in Ubuntu are smartmontools and GSmartControl.


Is there no official driver for AMD 6370M for Ubuntu 18.04?

There is no "installable" driver for 18.04.

The kernel module is sufficient.


python-software-properties on ubuntu 19.10

Then you should install the replacement with:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install software-properties-common

For me it seems that you are trying to obtain the add-apt-repository command which is contained in software-properties-common package.


Ubuntu 12.04 opening dialog hangs too long when opening files,folders, anything?

So i found the answer at the end, it's not a fix for opening dialog hanging too long, but it's workaround to remove opening dialog.

open nautilus.desktop

sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/nautilus.desktop

and set

StartupNotify=false

Now when opening folders i don't have opening notification and no loading circle on mouse. Problem solved.


How can I remove gnome from a kubuntu 12.04 install?

I suggest , if you want to remove gnome, unity and ubuntu-desktop, try the following commands.

sudo apt-get remove --purge ubuntu-desktop

sudo apt-get remove --purge unity

sudo apt-get remove --purge gnome

I would also suggest you to run this last command just to be on the safe side, if any  kde applications get removed, it will be installed back.

sudo apt-get install --reinstall kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-restricted-extras


The error:

libGL.so.1: cannot open shared object file

...suggests that you do not have the shared library libGL.so.1 installed. This library is provided by one of these packages.

If you have an AMD video card, try installing fglrx .

If you have an Nvidia video card, try installing nvidia-319 .


There is a more general information for creating an Internet kiosk here.


You have to change the file: gnome-applications.css, located probably in /usr/share/themes/YOUR_THEME_NAME/gtk-3.0

The CSS class responding to desktop icon text is .nautilus-desktop.nautilus-canvas-item.

When you change the color, you have to do more than Alt+F2 and r, it's necessary to kill the Nautilus desktop instance. Simply run killall nautilus, and then open some windowed Nautilus instance -- it should launch the desktop.


open your terminal and type as

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends alacarte

Then after that open it.

Then by selecting the application and its new icon you can modify the application of the specific application.


sudo apt-get update leads to crash of terminal application

Try this:

Make a back up copy of your sources.list:

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list{,.backup}

Now remove the original and update:

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list && sudo apt-get update


Pulseaudio ignores/overrides my configuration files

There are two issues:

Autospawn setting is not respected. This is because systemd is managing pulseaudio.

Other residual config:
The module-combine is loaded because of a setting added to gconf by the paprefs utility (quite some time ago). It's stored under the key /system/pulseaudio. It was solved by unchecking the option to create a simultaneous output in paprefs. I tried to remove that entire tree using:
gconftool-2 --recursive-unset /system/pulseaudio

I can't get rid of the module-esound-protocol-tcp.so error, but it's probably caused by paprefs as well. It only comes for my user.


Is snap store a surplus now that ubuntu software center contains snaps?

The Snap Store will continue to be maintained for other distros that don't have an Ubuntu Software equivalent.

You can use Snap Store with Ubuntu as much as you like...though it's functionality is indeed duplicated by the Ubuntu Software application.


Have a look at Choose at GRUB menu whether NVidia driver should be used for creating a boot option to stop the nvidia driver from being loaded.

nv is a very old opensource driver, superseded by the nouveau driver. That's why setting it does not work for recent hardware.

After blacklisting modules in /etc/modprobe.d you need to run sudo update-initramfs -u to get the blacklist during boot.


I changed the path of the java file in the tomcat7 file, now the tomcat7 starts fine, but
when I try wget

wget localhost:8080
--2013-01-07 16:47:44--  http://localhost:8080/
Resolving localhost (localhost)... 127.0.0.1
Connecting to localhost (localhost)|127.0.0.1|:8080... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 404 Not Found
2013-01-07 16:47:44 ERROR 404: Not Found.


Cannot run update due to a dpkg error with burg-theme-minimal-sir

After looking through the error logs I realized I just need to create a locale directory in /boot/burg/. After that it was all fine.
If someone encounters this error (which I assume occurred in the first place due to my sloppy installation of burg-manager) just run:
    sudo mkdir /boot/burg/locale && sudo apt-get remove burg-manager


As it turns out, I am a dork.  When in the audio settings, in the farthest-right tab of profiles, the profile for the HDMI was set to "unplugged".  Why that is even an option, who knows.  However, I changed it to the "plugged in" profile, and everything worked fine.


nautilus unable to see other computers on network

Get ip addresses of the computers you need to access
In Nautilus menu click go>location
Type in smb://(ip address)
A log in prompt SHOULD appear if it can see it on the network.


ImageMagick still broken (using with /usr/bin/convert)

ImageMagick has blocked that for security reasons. You edit the policy though. Read more here

Follow these steps to edit

sudo nano /etc/ImageMagick-6/policy.xml

Then change

<!-- From -->
<policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="PDF" />

<!-- To -->
<policy domain="coder" rights="read | write" pattern="PDF" />

Now run the command again: /usr/bin/convert D1.JPG P1.pdf


Well I think you should uninstall it.
Type the following command in you terminal to remove all the packages associated to it
and after re-install it "it takes less than a 5 minutes".

sudo apt-get purge apache2
sudo apt-get autoremove

sudo apt-get install apache2

In case you wanna go ahead check out this link: install-apache-mysql-php-on Ubuntu. Am currently relying on it to a little bit how these guys are configured and debugged. It will do you good I believe.


Unable to run python code because of Cycler dependency of Matplotlib

You need to update the Cycler dependency, run the following code:

pip install -U cycler


Ubuntu MaaS Juju Openstack with LXD unable to boot LXD containers

I figured it out, kindof.  Its working now after upgrading the Juju packages to the current Cosmic Stable release versions, removing the maas cloud, and adding it back again fresh.

Spaces are showing up and being honored now.


Why are Ubuntu updates faster than Windows updates?

Well since the question isn't closed yet and no one else has posted an answer I'll throw this out there.

Windows spends an inordinate amount of time thrashing around in the registry. Applications are burdened with GUI sizes larger than in Linux. Code is more bloated. .dll's (Dynamic Link Libraries) are large (and confusing - DLL Hell)


See

https://askubuntu.com/questions/442395/kubuntu-on-a-asus-x551c-fn-keys-not-working

No one helped me... but at least kubuntu is useable now.


Cairo-Dock recognizes App when starting after App, but not other way round

I was having the same issue and I messed around with it until it worked (kind of....). So, what you have to do is:

-Drag a spotify icon into the dock to create a new launcher.

-Right-click it, go to spotify, then Edit.

-Edit the "Comand to launch on click" to "spotify --mu".

-Apply.

now exit any running spotify session and start it again using the launcher on the dock and it should recognise it.

This is a work around and not a solution to the problem. And as such, there are downsides to it:

-cairo-dock does not recognise any instance of spotify if it was not run using the command "spotify --mu", which means either started using the new launcher, or in a terminal using "spotify --mu".

-It will, randomly, not recognise some instances of spotify. If that happens, just exit spotify and run it again.

I'll play around with it some more and update the answer if I found a better way.


Stuck at black screen after boot from fresh install, Ubuntu 18.10

Solved, but not sure what helped to solve the issue. Did the following:

1) Added boot options: nomodeset acpi_iso="!Windows 2018"

> Still stuck at black screen

2) Used ctrl-alt-F2 to switch to TTY2 (and thus got terminal)

3) Downloaded proprietary Nvidia drivers as per https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/ubuntu-linux-install-nvidia-driver-latest-proprietary-driver/:

$ sudo apt install nvidia-driver-390

4) Went back to TTY1 (ctrl-alt-F1) > Sadness.

5) Went back to TTY2 (ctrl-alt-F1) > Magic! Worked!

I have no idea what exactly solved the issue, whether it was acpi_iso or the Nvidia drivers, or both, though I suspect the latter made all the difference.


How to move several files in different directories to one unique directory?

This is something I use when I don't need to be extra careful

mkdir unique_dir && mv */*.fq.gz unique_dir/

Unless I missed something.


What are the regular Ubuntu kernel updates for?

No, that's ABI number, extension to kernel version, managed by Ubuntu kernel team. but it could be security, regular, back-port update ... depending on which team uploading it and to which repository channel.
ABI is pumped if there is symbols change or remove, in addition to security update.
Reference: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/KernelTeam/BuildSystem/ABI

-generic is a kernel version tag, specific to Ubuntu kernel. Ubuntu kernel team releases few kernels/flavors differ in build configuration. -generic is for regular machines and usage.
Some examples check https://wiki.kubuntu.org/Kernel/FAQ/KernelFlavourDifferences


You can set the password with the GUI but it does not prompt you to do so when creating a new user.  After you create the new user click on the password box marked in the following screen shot. As you have not set a password it will actually say Account Disabled for you.  (Select the new user acct. on the left first)

You will be presented with the following, just enter the new password in the new password box and the repeat it in the confirm box.  The current password for a new account is blank so you don't enter anything in that box.  The final step is to click the Change box.  You can now log in to the new account using the new password.

The procedure is the same to change a password that is already set you just enter the current password in the correct box.


It's ~/.vnc not /.vnc - meaning a hidden directory (.vnc) at the top level of your home directory (~/).

Just open a file browser and hit Ctrl+H or select "Show Hidden Files" from the "View" menu.


Software center shows “use this source” instead of “install”

Install VLC this way.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install vlc browser-plugin-vlc

Or

Just click VLC


Partition problem while following "How to Create a Full Install of Ubuntu 20.04 to USB Device Step by Step"

The 1 Mb partition flagged as bios_grub is used on systems that are equipped with legacy BIOS's only, when the user wants to use gpt on their boot disk instead of mbr.
If your system is equipped with UEFI and you boot it in UEFI mode, the installer will format the USB flash correctly automatically, creating the necessary efi partition.


Transfer files from virtualbox ubuntu server /var/www to local ubuntu

First make sure that you have openssh-server installed on your local machine, if not:

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

Then from your Virtual Machine:

scp /var/www/test.php nilani@192.168.56.1:/home/nilani

Alternatively you could do the other way around, this time from your local machine:

scp your_server_login@192.168.56.101:/var/www/test.php .


1) plug in your flash drive

2) Open a terminal and issue the command dmesg

you should see your device name listed at the bottom like this: mine is /dev/sdc. yours may be different. Use the /dev/sd? entry that you see. I will use /dev/sdc.

3) If your device is preformatted like mine the system will automatically mount it and you will have to unmount it with the command sudo umount /dev/sdc1

4)To format to the FAT filesystem for maximum compatibility with other operating systems issue the following command in the terminal:

sudo mkdosfs -n 'Label' -I /dev/sdc replacing Label with the label you would like your drive to have.

5) When the command has finished, you can simply unplug the drive and plug it back in. The system will recognize it and it will show in your file manager like this:


how to remove ubuntu without keyboard, mouse, and cd drive

Depending on your windows you should be able to access the "windows recovery enviroment" by pressing F8 while booting into windows.
There you schould be able to fix the MBR (somewhere in systemrepair).
When your MBR is back to normal (you don't see grup anymore) you can safely remove the ubuntu partition.

If you delete the ubuntu-partiotion before you end up in grub's rescue mode.
I recomment to not let that happen, but from there you should still be able to boot into windows.


I switched to a Debian desktop, how can I download my notes from Ubuntu One acct?

Make sure you are running Tomboy 1.0.1 or greater. 1.2.2-2 is the version in Testing and Unstable currently. It will also be the version included in the next release of Debian Stable.

This version should support on-line sync. Ubuntu patches Tomboy to use U1 by default, but sync is supported upstream. Open Tomboy's preferences and goto the synchronization tab. If "Ubuntu One" is not available in the "Service" list, select Tomboy Web. Then enter https://one.ubuntu.com/notes/ for the "Server."


I have had some experience in cross platform programming. To begin with Visual Studio, code built on visual studio will not run inherently as the binaries compiled from Visual Studio wont be supported. You might try to develop in C# using Visual studio and then can use mono libraries to run that code on linux but wont recommend it at all. Another way would be to use gcc and compile ur code using mingw of cygwin on windows and use that compiled code on  windows and use gcc compiler to get binaries in linux. As for ide which is available for both the operating systems I would suggest Eclipse.

But if you want a good suggestion for cross platform development, then you should focus on all the operating systems independently as each have major differences.

Further with respect to qt, they again use mingw/cygwin (for windows) and generic linux libraries so you can consider them too (they give some good functional libraries too). Its just depends on what you are building!


sed command works in terminal but not through bash_aliases or a bash script

Aliases aren't available to sudo. They are specific to your shell and user, and sudo is running commands as root. Therefore, if you need an alias to be run as root, you need to include the sudo in the alias definition itself. Also, you have the quoting wrong on the alias there, so it wouldn't work anyway. What you want is:

alias vivupdate="sudo sed -i '1s/^/@import \"custom.css\";/' /opt/vivaldi-snapshot/resources/vivaldi/style/common.css"

Note how I escaped the inner double quotes (\"). Without that, since you are defining the alias with double quotes, the second double quote (the one before "custom.css) will signify the end.

The issue with the script is because of how sed -i behaves. Although it seems to be editing the original file, what actually happens is that it saves the edited file as a temporary copy and then renames the file back to the original. However, since you're not running it with sudo, you don't have permission to do so. The line you added to the sudoers file only means you can run sudo vivupdate.sh without a password. However, you still need to run it as sudo.

It isn't enough to add the command to sudoers, you still need to call it with sudo:

sudo /bin/vivupdate.sh


Flash doesn't work right in Firefox. Won't respond to certain clicks


Unable to find to which port my android is connected

While connecting the device run from the terminal:

watch 'dmesg | tail -50'


How to disable the auto resizing of Windows when you touch the top or bottom

For anyone having problems with the autoresizing this can be disabled in Compiz by:

Launch CCSM  -> Window Management -> Resize Window -> General -> Uncheck Maximize Vertically if Screen edge hit.


Server 16.04: configuring Wi-Fi connection (USB adapter)

I suggest that you change the interfaces file on the server to:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The wifi network interface
auto wlx000e0008833e
iface wlx000e0008833e inet static
address 192.168.0.50
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.0.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.0.1 8.8.8.8
wpa-ssid developer-modem
wpa-psk cHc0h6qZ3Hv8wscF

Reboot.

Did the server connect? Check:

ping -c3 192.168.0.1
ping -c3 www.ubuntu.com


Putting the DISPLAY variable in ~/.profile did the trick but it wasn't worth for me anyway as the Ubuntu 19.04 graphics performance over remote X server turned out pretty terrible.


How to fix unbootable server after upgrade to 14.04

Boot your system from live DVD or live USB, then install boot-repair and run it. The following pages help to install and run boot-repair.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair
How to install the Boot-Repair tool in an Ubuntu live disc?


I have the same problem but I installed via  webupd8 - Install Oracle Java (JDK) 7 in Ubuntu via PPA Repository, searching the internet I found this script (I'm adapted the script to my system) but basically this is:

#!/bin/bash
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/opt/java/jre/lib/amd64"
java minecraft.jar

The script for my system:

#!/bin/bash
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle/jre/lib/amd64"
java -jar Minecraft.jar

I hope this will be useful


ubuntu 13.04 installed with windows 7 but not showing option to select OS to boot with

Insert the live cd and use gparted program to delete those partitions. Then create them again. Choose at least 4GB for ex4 partition and 3GB for swap partition.


May be a problem with the graphics hardware...

Try the solutions described in the following link:

14.04 Freeze on Splash after Installing NVIDIA Drivers

Hope this help.


The type of controller would probably help here. But if your controller has a dual mode (you can select from analog and digital) make sure it is set to Analog. Also make sure the controller is calibrated.


Is there a way to set the brightness of my desktop PC using key shortcuts?

If your monitor implements the backlight property, you can adjust it with the xbacklight tool. xbacklight -inc 10% increases backlight by 10%, and xbacklight -dec 10% decreases it. However, it will not work unless the monitor explicitly support it, like laptop displays without built-in controls does.