How to set up Canon LBP3000 shared from Windows 7?

I have a computer that I am trying to troubleshoot and in the process I have a network in the house and it is a Windows network. I run Win7 on my main computer and out of curiosity I attempted to install my Canon MP500 in order to print from this computer that I am troubleshooting.

I went to Settings, selected printers, then add. After going through the questions that it asked about what the computers share name was, it asked about what kind on printer. I ran through the list that was built into the Ubuntu OS and found the MP500, and then I asked it to install and it found the printer, (which is shared in the network), and installed the drivers that it needed and then allowed me to print a test sheet that came out perfectly. The total time that it took to install the printer was probably five minutes or less, and the version of Ubuntu is 12.10 with the rest of the network on various levels of Windows from XP to W'7. I am not sure what process that you are trying to use, but that is how I installed my Canon, and it was pretty straightforward. Good Luck.


Ubuntu 14.04 won't boot after installing CUDA 7

it happened exactly the same for me.
as you said Galto, that also helps me, on boot to choose the other generic version then the default, this one i can login with, and then when i restart it again, it works normally.
but i have to do it every time, if i'll restart it again it will get stuck, i will need to do the same generic+restart option for it to work.
sounds ridiculous but it works.


Only MY wifi is not working - Ubuntu 12.04

There is a bug with some Dell systems where a few routers from some manufactures do not show up (pseudo-randomly).

To make a connection you'll need to act as though it's a hidden network.

Click the wireless symbol in your top bar and select connect to hidden wi-fi network

enter the settings specific for your router and click connect.

If that didn't work you'll have to check whether your laptop can actually see your router.

There are several tools to do this (wireshark's dumpcap, aircrack-ng's airodump-ng etc etc) but I'll use aircrack-ng for this example

install aircrack-ng using the following command in your terminal (ctrl + alt + T)

sudo apt-get install aircrack-ng

next you'll need to start it.

sudo airmon-ng start eth0

This will set your wifi system into monitor mode (mon0)

For layout purposes you'll have to set your Terminal to full screen mode (or just make it a big screen by pressing the 3th button from the top left).

run

sudo airodump-ng mon0

Wait till you see either your essid from your router or your routers mac adress (bssid) pop into the list.

If you do not then try to create some wireless traffic using a secondary wifi computer so it will pop up.

(This is to test if your laptop can actually 'see' your network)

When you see your network pop up note the essid and encryption.

Open a secondary terminal and use the following command

sudo apt-get install wpasupplicant

This will allow you to connect to wpa networks using the terminal

In /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf you put your ssid and password.

gksu gedit /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

Example:

network={
            ssid="ssid_name"
             psk="password"
}

Assuming your interface is eth0 you can connect to it with...

wpa_supplicant -B -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -Dwext && dhclient eth0

If this didn't work try running

iwlist scan

until your network shows up in the list and then repeat the previous steps


'Java EE - Eclipse' list means you have the version of Eclipse for Java developers creating Java EE and Web applications.

There are several 'flavours' of Eclipse available of which this is one.

Open the 'Help > About' dialog to see more details about what you have installed.


Can't Install Windows 8, Fedora 19 with Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. Need Help... :'(

I have tried to do this same install and I have never gotten it to work cleanly on one hard drive. Here is what you need to do:

1) Install Windows 8 because it will write over the MBR.
 2) Resize partitions because Windows 8 will want it all
 3) Install Fedora on the free space
 4) Repartition again if you didn't leave free space
 5) Install Ubuntu

If you do this all on one single disk you will have a ton of partitions. I think Windows 8 comes with 5 partitions including the Recovery partition. The Recovery partition can be deleted if you have a separate recovery method. Fedora will only need 2 or 3 partitions (if you want / and /home separate you will need separate partitions). Ubuntu will also need 2 or 3 partitions, but Ubuntu and Fedora can share the /home and swap partitions if you get them to play nicely (not easy). Remember that you can only have 4 partitions, with the 4th being an extended partition. I think overall you can have up to 16 partitions. When you get this many partitions, things start to get very sloppy and hard to manage. What you can do is have a partition for boot, temp and swap shared between linux systems (/boot/ and /tmp/) in order to simplify things.

What I did, is on my desktop I just bought more hard drives and put each operating system on a different drive. Now on my laptop I only have room for one Hard drive so what I did is I am running Mac OSX and then running Ubuntu and Fedora in VirtualBox when I need them. They run really good in VirtualBox.

Installing 3 operating systems on one hard drive will be a huge process and it might save you a lot of pain to consider alternate solutions.


USB Serial ports reset each time the system is restarted How to prevent that?

Once I had the same problem on a beagle bone with debian jessie and later stretch.

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/66901/how-to-bind-usb-device-under-a-static-name

That helped me out.

In summary they suggested to add udev rules:

Quote of what helped me:

  The rule syntax above may work on some distributions, but did not work on mine (Raspbian). Since I never found a single document that explains all the ins and outs, I wrote my own, to be found here. This is what it boils down to.

  find out what's on ttyUSB:

  dmesg | grep ttyUSB
  list all attributes of the device:

  udevadm info --name=/dev/ttyUSBx --attribute-walk

  (with your device number(s) instead of x, of course). Pick out a unique identifier set, eg idVendor + idProduct. You may also need SerialNumber if you have more than one device with the same idVendor and idProduct. SerialNumbers ought to be unique for each device.

  Create a file /etc/udev/rules.d/99-usb-serial.rules with something like this line >in it:

  SUBSYSTEM=="tty", ATTRS{idVendor}=="1234", ATTRS{idProduct}=="5678", SYMLINK+="your_device_name"

  (assuming you don't need a serial number there, and of course with the numbers for idVendor and idProduct that you found in step 2.

  Load the new rule:

  sudo udevadm trigger
  Verify what happened:

  ls -l /dev/your_device_name

  will show what ttyUSB number the symlink went to. If it's /dev/ttyUSB1, then verify who owns that and to which group it belongs:

  ls -l /dev/ttyUSB1

  Then just for the fun of it:

  udevadm test -a -p  $(udevadm info -q path -n /dev/your_device_name)


The file install is a script which invokes install_unix

The error message you get is because there is a programming error in install_unix

I know this is not a solution to your problem.

But it is an answer to your question.


How do you know it does not recognize swap? According to the right part of your screenshot the system does know there's swap. According to the memory stats in the left part of your screenshot you use about 57% of your memory so about 43% is still free. This is apparently enough so the system has no need to use swap right now.


How to increase the number of recent files in Pluma from its default of 5?

Instead of org.gnome.gedit.preferences.ui, use org.mate.pluma:

$ gsettings set org.mate.pluma max-recents 10
$ gsettings get org.mate.pluma max-recents
10


Does adding an partition in windows harm linux partitions?

No it does not. So just go a head.

Modern distributions use UUID´s to detect what partition to mount where. So its not dependent of the partition scheme.

But yes in the old days adding a partition would mean you changed names for partitions possibly rendering your system unbootable until you changed the partition names to be correct in your fstab file


Gimp color tools (colorize, brightness, curves, etc) aren't working

Ah ha, I just noticed this itty bitty error message at the bottom of the screen:

I forgot my image is in indexed color mode, not RGB! My PNG used to be RGB, but compression software changed it to indexed. To get all the color tools working again, just convert it back to RGB:

Now color tools work, hooray!


Keyboard behaviour in GNOME Activities/overview

Official documentation on navigating the system without a mouse is provided at help.gnome.org. Keyboard support is far from optimal and confusing. For one thing, the initial focus in the overview may change depending on where the mouse cursor happens to be. When entering the overview, if the mouse cursor is over a window, that window will be in focus. If the cursor is elsewhere, no window will be in focus. The search box apparently is then focus, so a Down or Tab is then needed to see the highlight appear over the left most top window. This makes for unconsistent and unpredicable behaviour. Depending on where your mouse was on the desktop, keys required to navigate to a specific window will be different.

1. is it possible to use the keyboard to switch to the workspace switching sidebar?

No, but there your regular keys to switch desktops (either Super+Up/Down or CtrlAltUp/Down continue to work.

2.When I switch workspaces using the normal workspace-switching keystroke, where is the default focus? I can't switch between app windows until I press the down arrow!

The focus will be on the search box. Pressing Down or Tab then moves the highlight to the windows. Note that, while in the overview, the regular application or windows switching key, Super+Tab and Super+`, will bring focus on the windows and allow you to move between windows.

3. Is any of this configurable? I use Vim a lot and it'd be cool to switch windows with the h, j, k, l keys.

dconf-editor allows to change many keybindings. However, as far as I know, it is not possible (without editing source code) to specifically redefine the keys that move the highlight in the overview (i.e. arrow keys and Tab).


Realtek RTL8111E8168B Ethernet driver doesn't work

This is a short guide to fix the problem concerning the following network chipset.

Ethernet controller: RealTek Semiconductor Co., Ltd RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 02)

Symptom

The networkcard fails to work properly while using the driver supplied in the kernel.
NIC crashes seems to occure while transfering files above 100mbps  however the problem sometimes occure during lower transfer rates too.
The system itself doesnt crash and it can still be managed locally however all networkbased communication goes down. To fix this you can reboot the computer however its not an substantial solution its just a question of time unstil the NIC goes down again. Therefor you have to install the latest driver.

Solution/Fix | Download and apply the latest driver.

Install the kernel headers.

  sudo apt-get install
  linux-headers-$(uname -r)

Install Build Essential.

  sudo aptitude install build-essential

Download a driver for the appropriate kernel.

wget http://www.realtek.com/downloads/downloadsView.aspx?Langid=1&PNid=13&PFid=5&Level=5&Conn=4&DownTypeID=3&GetDown=false#2

this one : LINUX driver for kernel 2.6.x and 2.4.x (Support x86 and 64) 8.020.00        2010/11/15  55k

Extract the file and change directory.

tar xvfs r8168-8.018.00.tar.bz2
r8168-8.018.00/
r8168-8.018.00/Makefile
r8168-8.018.00/README
r8168-8.018.00/src/
r8168-8.018.00/src/rtl_eeprom.h
r8168-8.018.00/src/Makefile
r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168_asf.c
r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168.h
r8168-8.018.00/src/rtl_eeprom.c
r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168_asf.h
r8168-8.018.00/src/rtltool.h
r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168_n.c
r8168-8.018.00/src/Makefile_linux24x
r8168-8.018.00/autorun.sh

Change directory.

cd r8168-8.018.00/

Start the installation.

sudo ./autorun.sh
/home/goopen/r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168_n.c: In function 'rtl8168_get_ethool_stats' :
/home/goopen/r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168_n.c: 1745:2: warning: 'DMA_nnBIT_MASK' deprecated
/home/goopen/r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168_n.c: In function 'rtl8168_init_board' :
/home/goopen/r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168_n.c: 6517:6 warning: 'DMA_nnBIT_MASK' is deprecated
/home/goopen/r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168_n.c: 6520:3 warning: 'DMA_nnBIT_MASK' is deprecated
/home/goopen/r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168_n.c: In function 'rtl8168_hw_start' :
/home/goopen/r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168_n.c: 7096:2: warning: 'DMA_nnBIT_MASK' is deprecated
/home/goopen/r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168_n.c: 7098:2: warning: 'DMA_nnBIT_MASK' is deprecated
/home/goopen/r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168_n.c: In function 'rtl_get_eeprom' :
/home/goopen/r8168-8.018.00/src/r8168_n.c: 1794:10: warning: 'ret' may be used uninitialized in this function.
Depending module. Please wait.
load module r8168
Completed.

Now reboot your computer and it should be working again.

sudo reboot


Everything on the drive (except everything under /home, which holds user accounts and their data) can be restored by simply taking a live DVD/CD sidk and doing the install process again.  But there is a catch:
You must select the LAST option in the list of how to install it, and make choices that reflect where you want root (/) that reflects your current install, use the same format option (typically ext4), and make sure you do NOT click on the format box.  If you format, you will lose the.home directory and user accounts.  You will see a warning about not reformating, but you can safely ignore that and continue on.

You will lose all your software updates, but you can get most of those back with a few commands in the terminal window:  I will show you here a simplified string of the two you need most:
sudo apt-get -qq update
sudo apt-get -qq -y update

The -qq limits the amount of messaging that appears on the screen during these processes.  Leave it out if you want to see everything.  The -ytells apt-get to just do it, and it does not stop to ask you (Yn).

Some software does not get handled this way.  You have to deal with each one separately.  For instance, Virtualbox, Chrome, Chromium, Slimjet, and some other add-on software need to be reinstalled.

Another possibility is to install the same version of Linux on a different drive, then copy the /lib folder and contents over to your present drive.  You could use a USB thumbnail drive for this.  Ubuntu warns you that you need at least 6.5GB for an install though, and it may effect what you already have on the USB drive.  For that method to work, you have to have both drives mounted, and use the /media/ubuntu/ folder setup to access the drive(s).

I say drives in plural, because you can do this from the LiveCD in Try mode, open a terminal, and type in sudo -su or sudo -i.  From the LiveCD, there is no password required to become super user.  Then you can use the mount command to mount each drive.  I won't explain the mount command here, but it isn't that hard, and you can find details elsewhere.

With both drives mounted. you use the cp -r command to copy from a source to a destination.  Unlike Windows, you cannot specify a current directory or folder on two separate devices.  Your current directory is limited to one place, which by default. is your /home/userid/.  You can use the cd command to change your current directory of you want, so lets assume you want to copy the /lib from sdb2 to sda1.  You could befin this way:
sudo -i
cd /media/ubuntu/sdb2     'assuming the drive is mounted already
dir /media/ubuntu/sda1/lib   'see if the target directory alreasy exist,   which likely it doesn't
mkdir /media/ubuntu/sda1/lib  'again, assuming sda1 has been mounted first
cp -rpf . /media/ubuntu/lib/  'the period means from the current directory and the -rpf means -r to reiterate through subfolders, the p means don't change permissions, and the f means force an overwrite if it already exists.

You could do it a bit simpler if you did it this way:
cd /media/ubuntu/sdb1
cp -rpf ./lib /media/ubuntu/sda1/

The options pf -p  and -f may be overkill here, but they are quite handy under other circumstances of using the cp command, which of course stands for "copy".

Note the use of the period again.  Without it, you would be copying the contents of the/lib on the root drive over -- which might work.  But if doing this from the LiveCD, the contents of /lib are likely curtailed from having everything a full install of Ubuntu would have.

The marvel of Linux is that /home need not be on the same drive or partition with root (/).  You could do a second drive/partition install, and during the install process, set it up to see /home on the original drive while seeing everything else on the new install drive.

In fact, the purpose of several drives and partitions can be managed this way. You just need to pick "Something else" as your install choice, then manage the configuration yourself.  This also lets you delete partitions, create new partition, change the format of partitions, and resize partitions.

But there are a few issues involved.  Linux identifies partitions on any one drive in the order they are created.  You can start with three partition on the sda drive, and they could be sda1, sda2, and swap.  Then you decide to downsiae sda1 and sda2 and add a third partition which should be sda3. It gets done, but because of the sequence order you followed in doing this, you end up with sda1, sda3, sda2, swap. You delete sda3, try to move sda2 down, and try to recreate sda3 where sda2 was.  Now you end up with sda1, sda2, sda3, swap.  The label sda3 is already taken, even though you deleted the partition.  So it is best to plan all this out ahead of time, then work down the list, from the first one to the last.  The swap partition can go anywhere.  I always put it last but others put it first.  Its generally sized at 1.5 time the a,ount od RAM you have, though I don't know why.  With less RAM, you would think you need more swap space, and the opposite with more RAM. since there is less need to swap.


A program has too many menu entries. How can I see them all?

The issue seems to have been resolved in 12.10. I tried to simulate it by changing my display resolution to 800x600.

LiVes window when the resolution is 1366x768:

LiVes window when the resolution is 800x600:

You can see that all the menu items are displayed in 800x600 resolution, although the menu names are clipped, hence enabling you to access any menu item.


I think the only way to manage files on multiple devices is to use some sort of version control or use a usb and plug it into whatever computer you wish to see the file.


Problem installing Terminology terminal emulator

Why is you're library in /usr/local ? ppa package might've installed it there but it might also mean you haven't uninstalled your manually-compiled version properly. Try to check where ppa packages install stuff and if I'm correct and you have duplicate files in /usr and /usr/local, do some cleanup in the latter.

I had another idea before. It's just wrong, I haven't read the code in the question properly.

Probably something's wrong with requirements. Try to locate a package that contains evas library, install it and find the appropriate so-file in /usr/{local/,}lib/ -if there's only older/newer version you can try either to symlink and hope or install/compile another version of the library.

Anyway, you have to figure out why that library can't be loaded and fix whatever is the problem with it.


Use xinetd if it does what you want, but personally you should avoid using inet at all. Some information on the service itself would help answer your question.


ubuntu 13.10 doesn't detect my android phone(Gingerbread)

I am suffering the same issue. I give you some dmesg lines. I hope it will help you to find a solution. Thanks.

[    5.291407] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready
[    6.969011] init: plymouth-stop pre-start process (1163) terminated with status 1
[    8.296624] init: anacron main process (1010) killed by TERM signal
[   36.492057] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci-pci
[   36.624938] usb 1-1: Dual-Role OTG device on non-HNP port
[   36.625061] usb 1-1: can't set HNP mode: -32
[   36.740050] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 3 using ehci-pci
[   36.872972] usb 1-1: Dual-Role OTG device on non-HNP port
[   36.873094] usb 1-1: can't set HNP mode: -32
[   36.988056] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 4 using ehci-pci
[   37.013115] usb 1-1: Dual-Role OTG device on non-HNP port
[   37.013239] usb 1-1: can't set HNP mode: -32
[   37.128056] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 5 using ehci-pci
[   37.149133] usb 1-1: Dual-Role OTG device on non-HNP port
[   37.149256] usb 1-1: can't set HNP mode: -32
[   37.152051] hub 1-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 1
[   37.468060] usb 2-1: new full-speed USB device number 2 using ohci-pci
[   37.627077] usb 2-1: not running at top speed; connect to a high speed hub
[   37.639082] usb 2-1: Dual-Role OTG device on non-HNP port
[   37.641080] usb 2-1: can't set HNP mode: -32
[   37.780056] usb 2-1: new full-speed USB device number 3 using ohci-pci
[   37.939063] usb 2-1: not running at top speed; connect to a high speed hub
[   37.951074] usb 2-1: Dual-Role OTG device on non-HNP port
[   37.953074] usb 2-1: can't set HNP mode: -32
[   38.120058] usb 2-1: new full-speed USB device number 4 using ohci-pci
[   38.145079] usb 2-1: not running at top speed; connect to a high speed hub
[   38.157078] usb 2-1: Dual-Role OTG device on non-HNP port
[   38.159076] usb 2-1: can't set HNP mode: -32
[   38.300053] usb 2-1: new full-speed USB device number 5 using ohci-pci
[   38.329080] usb 2-1: not running at top speed; connect to a high speed hub
[   38.341078] usb 2-1: Dual-Role OTG device on non-HNP port
[   38.343074] usb 2-1: can't set HNP mode: -32
[   38.344069] hub 2-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 1
[  106.829572] wlan0: authenticate with 84:00:d2:d1:29:74
[  106.836996] wlan0: direct probe to 84:00:d2:d1:29:74 (try 1/3)
[  107.040066] wlan0: send auth to 84:00:d2:d1:29:74 (try 2/3)


I think is a bug in Unity, because Gufw is a root app ;)
Created bug https://bugs.launchpad.net/unity/+bug/1200259
Best regards.


My 'file system consistency check' (fsck) retured the following results, what does it mean?

The output of fsck usually looks like this when everything was OK and the run went fine.
You do not need to worry about the fsck anymore.

Given the circumstances you should keep a close eye on the smart stats of your disk, though. This could have been a first sign of imminent failure.


Access a hard drive USB-connected to a router: Failed to Mount Windows Share

Failed to Mount Windows Share: Software caused connection to abort

You will get that error if the only dialect of smb the server can use is SMB1. By default a modern Linux samba client disables SMB1.
You have two choices:
[1] Force the Linux client to use SMB1 ( Samba calls SMB1 NT1 ):
Edit /etc/samba/smb.conf and right under the workgroup = WORKGROUP line add this one: client min protocol = NT1
If you didn't install the samba package because you have no need to be a Samba server install the smbclient package which will provide an smb.conf file to edit:
sudo apt install smbclient

[2] OR you can do a cifs mount which I can explain if you want to go down that path.


NEW popcorn-time.se Beta 3.2 installation - ./configure not found

Based on the file found here:

http://www.time4popcorn.eu/Popcorn-Time-linux64.0.3.1.tar.gz

The commands for this are ...

tar xvzf Popcorn-Time-linux32.tar.gz
./Popcorn-Time

No need to "configure" anything; you get the software in such a manner you can use it immediately.

If you want a more Debian method; there is a PPA:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:webupd8team/popcorntime
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install popcorn-time

This will have you install the latest version (currently seems to be 0.3.2)


How to protect PGP key details against be snooped?

As for all infosec related questions, the first thing to consider is who is the attacker you want to mitigate. Then, elaborate possible attacks he might perform, and how much effort your data is worth to him.

You will never be able to prove safety. You'd need to prove safety of not only the whole software in use (including operating system and application software), but also the hardware and cryptographic algorithms in use. Right now, science still fights with proving very minor snippets of software, far away from even proving GnuPG or similar applications.

All you can do is consider possible (known, expected) attack vectors, select by the value of your information to the attacker and apply appropriate counter measures. To get a maximum extend of security, consider using an offline machine not connected to any computer networks inside a protected vault. Does not seem appropriate? Very likely it isn't, but you'll have to choose somewhere in-between convenience (and cost effectiveness) and safety.

Encrypted Hard Drive

All together, not even encrypting your hard drive will be safe, if you put your machine into sleep mode and the attacker is able to read the memory (with a large amount of effort), or even modifies/backdoors your hardware (or simply gets hold of the running machine, while it's unlocked). Malwared software will obviously also expose your private keys.

Encrypting your hard drive, including swap space, is probably enough against most attackers.

Encrypted GnuPG Home Directory

If you only want to be sure a "casual" attacker (no special hardware support, no much deeper than "off-the-shelve" IT knowledge) or thief of your computer does not get access to the information stored in your GnuPG keyring, an encrypted volume should be fine. Possible attack vectors I can imagine:

temporary files left over
your mail store, which contains encrypted/signed mails
malware that accesses your keyring while it's unlocked/sniffing your passphrase
admin users accessing your keyring while it's unlocked/sniffing your passphrase
...


PHP-CPP not getting installed on ubuntu running PHP 7

Well the problem was I didn't have the php 7 dev packages on my machine. And since php.h comes within that package I had to install it.

I just installed those and everything works as expected.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt-get install php7.0-dev

Hope this helps anyone in future days.


Unity Webapp not working with Chromium (13.04)

You need the desktop integration package:

sudo apt-get install unity-webapps-service

sudo apt-get install unity-chromium-extension

Reboot or log out and then back in and it should work.

If you allow a webapp for notifications,it will show in dconf:


Where are the ISOs for disk encryption version of Ubuntu 13.04


how to keep nautilus or another program in memory to run more fast?

Nautilus is already running, as it controls your desktop.

Since you have 4GB RAM, you should prefer to have the programs running in memory (RAM) rather than having them stored on the swap partition. I doubt that your swap is used at all.

You can verify with the free command.

             total       used       free
Mem:       3052684    2227020     825664
-/+ buffers/cache:     982204    2070480
Swap:      2200988          0    2200988

The value 0 above means that for this example, 0 bytes are used on the swap partition, and this is good. Instead, all of the files are loaded into the RAM so they can run much faster. buffers/cache is memory used to cache file structures, and is primed with the files that have been read with readahead.

If your computer feels somewhat slowish, look into the graphics driver that is being used.


Why does virt-install man page restrict valid mac addresses?

What's the purpose of this restriction?

Standard (good) software engineering practices. The first three octets (bytes) of a MAC address are the OUI (organizational unique identifier), which, as the name suggests, uniquely identify the "manufacturer" of the NIC. These are registered with the IEEE and any number of lookup tools can be used to map an OUI to a name.

As you might expect, the specific OUIs you mentioned are registered for Xen and KVM, and will show as such if a user runs e.g. lspci or lshw inside the guest.

You can change them, but the result will be a misidentification at best. Worst case, these values could somehow be defaults in some part of the virtualized NIC backend (Xen bridge, etc.), with the result that routing to a guest with a non-standard MAC would fail unless you appropriately configured the backend too.


What happened to the calendarserver package for Ubuntu 20.04?

In Ubuntu it is still available for Ubuntu 18.04 LTS.
Then according to Debian Package tracker it was removed:

package is gone
This package is not in any development repository. This probably means that the package has been removed (or has been renamed). Thus the information here is of little interest ... the package is going to disappear unless someone takes it over and reintroduces it.

[2020-03-07] Removed 9.2+dfsg-1 from unstable (Debian FTP Masters)

and as per https://tracker.debian.org/news/1107199/removed-92dfsg-1-from-unstable/

Reason
RoQA; Upstream Dead; Unmaintained; Affected by Python2 Removal


I think you should read this articles

How to build snaps

https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/snappy/build-apps/

Examples on packaging snaps. It is useful for build desktop snaps. It includes examples using diferent languages, like google's GO.

https://github.com/ubuntu-core/snapcraft/tree/master/examples


How do I set proxy exception for specific application?

In jmeter case, you can also manually specify a non-proxy setting:
Jmeter manual


Ubuntu 16.04 D-Link N150 Pico Wi-Fi adapter doesn't work

To install the driver, do the following in terminal
sudo apt-get install git dkms
git clone https://github.com/jeremyb31/rtl8188eu.git
sudo dkms add ./rtl8188eu
sudo dkms install 8188eu/1.0

Reboot

You will need to have Secure Boot disable in UEFI/BIOS settings


Try 'sudo apt-cache clean' in the terminal


What temperature is considered bad for my processor?

Modern Intel CPUs have upper temperature limits of 100 C with a hardware shutdown at 105 C.


Why ufraw doesn't give me any save options?

Unlike typical programs which provide a save dialog when you actually try to save, UFRaw hides the save information under a tab.

In the above image, note that the second from right "tab" (the folder icon) is selected.   This provides the ability to change the file type and specify JPEG parameters.

Note that when I save, the program silently exits after saving, which is also non-intuitive.


Check out PINTA

Pinta is a free, open source drawing/editing program modeled after Paint.NET. Its goal is to provide users with a simple yet powerful way to draw and manipulate images on Linux, Mac, and Windows.
Features include:

Adjustments (Auto level, Black and White, Sepia, …)
Effects (Motion blur, Glow, Warp, …)
Multiple layers
Unlimited undo/redo
Drawing tools (Paintbrush, Pencil, Shapes, …)
Cropping, Cutting and Selection tools

It's available in the Software Center by clicking Pinta


VirtualHost into separate partition or drive

You need to have all the parent directory permissions set correctly (at least 755).

An error entry in /var/log/apache2/error.log similar to this:

[Fri Jan 30 16:31:37.879239 2015] [authz_core:error] [pid 2900] [client 192.168.111.101:56597] AH01630: client denied by server configuration: /media/newhd/test_web/

Should indicate that your only problem is that you need to modify the default security model of the Apache2 HTTPD server to allow access to the files.
The file /etc/apache2/apache2.conf needs to be edited (as sudo) and these lines added:

<Directory /media/zarpio/40D41555D4154E92/projects/www/muhammadkhalil/public_html_ci/>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
        Require all granted
</Directory>

Additionally, an error entry in /var/log/apache2/error.log similar to this:

Forbidden, you have permission to access files on this server

indicates an incompatible filesystem (for example ntfs will not work) or other incompatibility. Examine the permissions hierarchy for any extended permissions (indicated by a plus sign). Example (without extended permissions) permissions hierarchy:

drwsrwsrwt 8 root root 4096 Nov 28 19:55 /media
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Jan 30 16:24 /media/newhd
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 30 16:26 /media/newhd/test_web
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1422 Jan 30 16:26 /media/newhd/test_web/index.html


wrong letter positioning and font in PDF form

This issue should be patched in the next version of Ubuntu (21.04). There is also an upstream fontconfig merge request #128 pending.

The problem you are observing is caused by incorrect font substitution. On my computer, CourierStd and ZapfDingbats are replaced with Ubuntu. That will obviously not render properly.

To correct this:

Install fonts-urw-base35. This should correct the Dingbats and most other pdf font substitutions. However, CourierStd substitution is not fixed because it is not in the config files.

To correct CourierStd, create the file ~/.config/fontconfig/conf.d/10-pdf-aliases.conf with the following contents:
  <?xml version="1.0"?>
  <!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "/etc/fonts/conf.d/fonts.dtd">
  <fontconfig>

  <alias binding="same">
    <family>Courier Std</family>
    <accept>
    <family>Courier</family>
    </accept>
  </alias>

  <alias>
    <family>Courier Std</family>
    <default><family>monospace</family></default>
  </alias>

  </fontconfig>

Then run fc-cache (may not be necessary).
You can add other font aliases to the file as needed.

See also:

PDF font falls back to DejaVu Sans, need a monospace replacement


If you read again it will tell you the reason:

  tcp_westwood (Boolean; default: disabled; Linux 2.4.26/2.6.3 to 2.6.13)
                Enable   TCP   Westwood+   congestion  control  algorithm.   TCP
                Westwood+ is a sender-side only modification  of  the  TCP  Reno
                protocol  stack that optimizes the performance of TCP congestion
                control.  It is based on end-to-end bandwidth estimation to  set
                congestion  window  and  slow start threshold after a congestion
                episode.  Using this estimation, TCP Westwood+ adaptively sets a
                slow  start  threshold  and a congestion window which takes into
                account  the  bandwidth  used  at   the   time   congestion   is
                experienced.   TCP  Westwood+  significantly  increases fairness
                with respect to TCP Reno in wired networks and  throughput  over
                wireless links.

So, what happens here?

By default, that option is not activated in the kernel.
Was meant implemented in kernels 2.4.26/2.6.3 to 2.6.13.
There should be alternatives more recent to what you try to do.

Options:

Not using this.
Build your own kernel and activate the option.
Using the -generic kernel.
Installing the user-mode-linux package.


Why is Shell theme disabled in Gnome Tweak Tool?

I solved this problem myself, and it was an extremely trivial solution:

Open Gnome Tweak Tool.
Click on the Extensions menu item, and move the User themes slider to On.
Close Gnome Tweak Tool and open it again.
You should now be able to choose a Shell theme in the Appearance menu.


Client can't connect to a DNS server (NXDOMAIN)

I realized that the root of my problem was apparently the fact that as an IP address for my DNS server I was using 192.168.1.1, which is a router IP, so my client machine got confused. When I instead gave my DNS server an IP of 192.168.1.2, everything worked perfectly.


Is it possible to use binary nvidia driver with GeForce 7300 SE?

In my case, Im using Linux Mint, but i guess that all repositories in this os is still the same as in Ubuntu, Using Linux Mint Maya (Ubuntu 12.04 equivalent in precise) I followed this forum

http://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=42&t=102602

Since Nvidia-96 is not available on any higher versions (precise and upper i guess), in this forum, they tried to get the Nvidia package to a lower ubuntu version (oneiric) and use it to their current OS and downgrade their xorg to oneiric.

Now these steps are still working in my system, and I'm using oneiric nvidia-96.
Nvidia-173 is also available to oneiric repository. But please read all the recommendations in the link above to avoid problems.


How to monitor & log server hardware temperatures & load

If you want something that does not depend on a desktop:

Have a look at lm-sensors . From the description:

Lm-sensors is a hardware health monitoring package for Linux. It allows
you to access information from temperature, voltage, and fan speed
sensors. It works with most newer systems.

This package contains programs to help you set up and read data from
lm-sensors.

From their project page (2016 edit: project is dead. Our own wiki has some info):

Unattended high-end server, router or other mission-critical machine automated monitoring. Easily create a cron job to query the status of your hardware and email you in the event of a problem before it becomes critical. That way, you can be alerted within seconds of a failing critical component such as a power supply, fan, other cooling mechanism, or even detect if the case has been opened.
Embedded systems running Linux. These can use this package to monitor voltages, temperatures, fan speeds, etc. using off-the-shelf components and utilizing a range of bus interfaces (e.g. ISA, SMBus, I2C or SPI).
More generally, data acquisition. Easily measure various types of data (rotational speeds, voltages, temperatures, etc.) using cheap off-the-shelf parts. Very useful for systems automation (in the home, workshop, weather station, you name it).

lm-sensors has a daemon, called sensord, that uses RRDtool for 'data logging and graphing system for time series data'. So it includes graphics like this  that can be shown through a webserver:

(taken from lm-sensors project page).

To install the sensord daemon you will likely have to install the sensord package.

Example from my notebook:

The config file for this is located at /etc/sensors3.conf

lm-sensors is sort of the basic of any temperature measuring. Desktop items are more than likely to get their information from this package.
An example If you want something that depends on a desktop

psensor.

motherboard and CPU sensors (requires lm-sensors to be installed).
NVidia GPUs
Hard Disk Drives (requires hddtemp to be installed).
Fan speed (again, requires lm-sensors to be installed).

Installation by adding a PPA:
sudo add-apt-repository  ppa:jfi/ppa
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install psensor

(Oneiric will have psensor included)

(old) example from ubuntugeek.com:


Is the command `sudo rm /Desktop/filename` safe?

No. It most emphatically is not safe. Here's the thing: You can delete files you own without sudo. If you don't own the file, and you are here asking this question, then you need to ask yourself: "Do I need to delete this file?"

Overuse and consequent misuse of sudo is one of the banes of Ubuntu.


It would be helpful to know what keyboard layout you are using!
It might be that in your layout they are in 4th level of the keyboard entry.
In that case, you should do AltGr + Shift + ?

If you are using several layouts (icon on the top menu bar, near the time), you could try changing the keyboard layout to something different and set it back to your usual layout. Sometimes it's a little buggy.

Moreover, in many layouts they are several keys or key combinations printing the same characters maybe trying the other options would help.


After upgrade still showing Ubuntu 15.10 instead of 16.04

This has happened to me numerous times.

Run these commands:

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo apt dist-upgrade

Cycle through those commands until there are no more updated and upgrades.  When there are no more updates and upgrades the upgrade commands would have this as the output:

0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

Note:

On rare occasions I have had to rerun the sudo do-release-upgrade a second time... so rare that I didn't include it in the original message.


Unable to SSH to a host within my home LAN by using the hostname or local IP address

You can edit file hosts that is located in etc directory:

sudo nano /etc/hosts

At the end of the file you put the follow line:

192.168.xxx.xxx pi.local

Remeber that 192.168.xxx.xxx needs to be the IP address of your raspberry.


Usually restarting unity helps. You can do this by Alt+F2 and then typing:

unity --replace

Note: Don't execute this command in a terminal otherwise unity will be killed, when the terminal is closed.

This is of course not a fix. Just a way to undo the error once it has occurred. I suppose these bugs (and the ones posted in my comments to your question) will be fixed with future updates. There are many bug-reports on launchpad concerning these.

You could also try ans install CompizConfig Settings Manager  / sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager and play with the setting there. It might or might not help - depending on who you ask.


How does lm sensors get the cpu wattage?

Ohm's Law.

lm-sensors knows the CPU voltage, and the current used, so it can derive the power (in watts) by calculating watts = voltage * current .


Allocating unallocated partition to /home

can I just merge them by resizing sd3 (/home partition) with GParted right away? Or do I have to use a Live CD?

Yes, you can merge the unallocated space with /dev/sda3 partition through Ubuntu live disk or Gparted live disk.Boot from Ubuntu live disk, open gparted from dash.Right-click on the /dev/sda3 partition and select Resize/Move option. It allows you to increase it's size(ie, occupying the unallocated space).

Note: Backup your important datas before proceeding the above and also make sure that all the partitions are unmounted.


CCSM is not working in GNOME and GNOME Classic

open terminal and type compiz --replace If that was succesfull then put that command in your startup and it will setup compiz on boot.


Does WSL2 run Linux in a virtual machine or alongside the Windows kernel?

From the article About WSL 2 of Microsoft Docs:

  Brief overview of the WSL 2 architecture

  WSL 2 uses the latest and greatest in virtualization technology to run
  its Linux kernel inside of a lightweight utility virtual machine (VM).
  However, WSL 2 will NOT be a traditional VM experience. A traditional
  VM experience can be slow to boot up, is isolated, consumes lots of
  resources, and requires your time to manage it. WSL 2 does not have
  these attributes. It will still give the remarkable benefits of WSL 1:
  High levels of integration between Windows and Linux, extremely fast
  boot times, small resource footprint, and best of all will require no
  VM configuration or management. While WSL 2 does use a VM, it will be
  managed and run behind the scenes leaving you with the same user
  experience as WSL 1.

As how we can see in the following articles (and discussions below them) WLS 2 uses Hyper-V feature:

Microsoft devBlogs: WSL 2 is now available in Windows Insiders
Thomas Maurer blog: Install WSL 2 on Windows 10


Go to System Settings --> Mouse & Touchpad and You should see radio buttons to set your primary button


continue interrupted downloading of packages without having to redownload

Your claim that

  If you interrupt the process during the first phase, and start over again, it downloads all packages again.

is completely wrong! Apt is a smart package management system and it never re-downloads packages required to satisfy an installation request twice, not even for a single package or .deb file.

Those .deb files which are half-downloaded reside in /var/cache/apt/archives/partial directory and with ls command (in 16.04, you need to use sudo ls) you can check those files there.

You can verify this by looking at the apt-get manpage, where it says about /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/

  /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/
  Storage area for package files in transit. Configuration Item:
  Dir::Cache::Archives (partial will be implicitly appended)

You can even pick of one of those files and manually resume download using wget -c.

In the background, Apt uses wget program with -c switch, which from man-page means

-c,  --continue                  resume getting a partially-downloaded file


How to migrate the whole system to a new machine?

Prerequisites:

The same version of Ubuntu is installed on both machines. The architecture (32/64 bit) can be different.

Step 1: Store the list of installed packages

Run the following command on the source machine to store the installed packages names in ~/pkglist:

sudo dpkg --get-selections | sed "s/.*deinstall//" | sed "s/install$//g" > ~/pkglist

Step 2: Transfer your config

Use scp or rsync or even a flash drive to transfer your home directory (~/, ~/.), the source list (/etc/apt/sources.list) and any other files you customized or installed (like apache config under /etc or softwares on /opt) from the source machine to the target one.

Step 3: Install packages

On the target machine run the following command in a failsafe terminal session to install your packages:

sudo aptitude update && cat pkglist | xargs sudo aptitude install -y

Extract from:

http://eggsonbread.com/2010/01/28/move-ubuntu-to-another-computer-in-3-simple-steps/


connecting to x11vnc server with remmina (black window shown and disappearing after < 1second)

I experienced exactly the same phenomenon (a successful connection with a black window which closed down in less than a second). I solved it by changing the Quality setting of the connection to Best (slowest). With this change I'm able to connect successfully to the remote machine.

The difference seems to be in the encoding used. After this change, where the log previously said "Using tight encoding" it now says "Using hextile encoding".

For comparison my server is running Ubuntu 16.04, x11vnc 0.9.13 and using the same command as in the question, run as root. On the client side I'm running Ubuntu 18.04 and Remmina 1.2.0-rcgit-29.


You have to reset your unity configuration. Type in terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:amith/ubuntutools
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install unity-reset

Logged in as your user, type unity-reset

Source: webupd8


Chrome doesn't allow me to run Opera Mini simulator

Since the last Update to jdk 7u51, in the default settings of java is not allowing to run java un-trusted apps. Only applets having a certificate and proper permissions attribute can be run.

Running app/website without certificate

Make sure you've the latest version. It is jdk-7u51
Open Java Control Panel & Alter your security settings to Medium. It will allow all applications & java enabled services to run except applications that request all permissions.

Note: Make sure you're doing this by acknowledging that the application can be trusted. Unless I would recommend not to alter any changes.

I also recommend you to have a read on How do I control when an untrusted applet or application runs in my web browser?

Hope this helps!

Source: Ubuntu - saying your security settings have blocked an application from running with an out-of-date version of java


Lenovo Yoga 3 Wifi Not Working on Ubuntu 15.10

Download these files as a .zip file, extract the contents and run:

cd extractedfolder

sudo make install && sudo update-grub && sudo modprobe 8723au

sudo reboot

The last command will reboot your computer, so the changes can take effect, so do not forget to save anything, like documents, or something like that.


help installing EcoTank printer for 16.04

I bought one of those printers recently, and I found this command allows me to use the printer with ubuntu 16.04:

sudo apt-get install printer-driver-escpr

However, I am currently looking for a Epson package I can run to allow me a wider range of printer options.

Works fine overall.


If you are using Ubuntu 12.04 or earlier, then the dvdnav-config executable is provided by the development package libdvdnav-dev rather than the runtime library package libdvdnav4.

If you are using Ubuntu 14.04 or above, then dvdnav-config appears to have been removed - according to the changelog:

  Remove dvdnav-config. It breaks multi-arch. Use the dvdnav pkg-config file instead!


Installing Lubuntu 15.04 and stops with error shown in photo

Adwanced power management error,some device use 7 version not supported by kernel.Try to disable it in bios or mount driver for it.


Can I open a certain website with a command line?

Have a look at xdg-open which uses the default program for opening the link:

xdg-open http://example.com

some documentation from Ubuntu:

xdg-open - opens a file or URL in the user’s preferred application


Where does okular store pdf annotations?

Previously, all okular data was stored in ~/.kde/share/apps/okular.
It appears that it has finally been moved to ~/.local/share/okular
where it belongs.  Try looking there.  You may also have to copy
your bookmarks into that directory from the old one so that they work.


How do I convert WAV to FLAC and FLAC to OGG?

For wav > flac :

ffmpeg -i FILE.wav FILE.flac

For wav > ogg

ffmpeg -i FILE.wav FILE.ogg

For wav > ogg - Batch mode

for i in *.wav; do ffmpeg -i "$i" "$i".ogg ; done


Intermittent wifi on Dell Inspiron 15 3565 with Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Sorry for the very late answer, but just in case someone else was having the same issue, using tlp is the answer. I have just recently installed Ubuntu 18.04, onto a Dell Inspiron 15 3565 and had very similar wifi issues. The laptop was also having additional power issues such as the screen intermittently turning off. After installing and slightly altering the tlp config file, the computer now runs very smoothly on battery power.

The issue was fixed using these few steps:

Installing the tlp power manager.

To install tlp:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linrunner/tlp
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install tlp tlp-rdw

Unfortunately the default battery setting using tlp didn't fix the issue, though after changing some settings in the config file, the issues were fixed.

To open the config file:

sudo nano /etc/tlp.d/*.conf

Within the config file, changing the ON_BAT settings to be the same as ON_AC has made all the difference. Changing these settings has stopped the wifi disconnections as well as the other power issues the Dell was suffering from.

These are the changes:

CPU_HWP_ON_BAT=balance_performance
SCHED_POWERSAVE_ON_BAT=0
ENERGY_PERF_POLICY_ON_BAT=performance
WIFI_PWR_ON_BAT=off

After altering the battery settings to be more like AC, I was expecting a considerably shorter battery life. This hasn't been the case :)


X3DAudio1_7.dll and XAPOFX1_5.dll for gaming in Wine

I've fixed the error by installing the dxfullsetup and d3dx11 packages.


If you ran make LPS=cpx or another linear solver other than soplex and tried to run make test then you also have to write make test LPS=cpx or the abbr. of the linear solver you used.


How do I correct items that are now upstart jobs but still have an entry in /etc/init.d?

The services are not broken, the reason that they still have an entry in /etc/init.d/ is for backwards compatibility. If you take a look at those scripts in /etc/init.d/ you will see they get symlinked to /lib/init/upstart-job. /lib/init/upstart-job prints that message and then processes the request (starting/stopping the service). The reason you are getting that message is because something else is still trying to call /etc/init.d/ rather than the proper upstart way.

To resolve this, you need to track down what is using the old method, and fix it to use the new upstart method.


How to know what firmware a new Nexus 4 has?

As you can replace the Nexus 4 firmware, per the instructions for recovery, this is not really relevant.

See: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Install >> Device factory reset

For the Nexus 4, Android 4.2.2 (JDQ39), 4.3 (JWR66Y), and 4.4 'KitKat' (KRT16S) are available.

See: https://developers.google.com/android/nexus/images#occam


Are there any 32-bit version for ubuntu server 13.04?


Since I installed 14.04 I'm missing app indicator for sonata

Ok, I finally found a sonata-like client for MPD covering all wishes: cantata :-)

And it has a really nice integration with unity including Play/Pause and currently playing on the sound indicator-menu.


You can uninstall the packages, yes. Ubuntu One involves two bits running on your computer: the Ubuntu One file sync client or syncdaemon, and desktopcouch backed by a CouchDB that replicates with the Ubuntu One CouchDB. If yo want to completely remove both, a quick way of doing that would be

sudo apt-get --purge remove .*ubuntuone.* .*couch.*

If all you want to do is disable the file synchronization daemon, however, you can simply disable the service in ubuntuone-preferences, from the Services tab:


Ubuntu Tweak Updates every day. Is this correct?

Well I dont think there is any problem with the installations.
With this version made for 12.04 and both being new can have frequent updates and bug fixes.
For e.g there is still a bug in the log in screen when log in sound is disabled from ubuntu tweak.
So such updates and bug fixes are expected when bothe the os version and the software versions are new...

But if you still feel just remove all files by using

sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-tweak
and then remove the reppository via commandline or like this-

software center > edit >software sources >other software tab and remove the corresponding repository.

then run

sudo apt-get update.

after this is done repeat the installation steps you had used.
:)


Computer failing to boot after installing Ubuntu 12.04.3, "Operating System not found"

"operating system not found" is a hardware message and it means that the hard disk doesn't have a valid boot sector.
Install your operating system once again and when asked, choose to install the boot loader in the master boot record of the first disk.
If you are in doubt, remove additional hard disks and usb memory sticks before the installation. Install from a CD media.


How do I configure my soundcard for 5.1 sound?

pavucontrol is a great tool to control where your audio should go.

Install it with

sudo apt-get install pavucontrol

Control by application:

Control by output device:


If you're not using a router, just connect one laptop's NIC to the other's NIC, you'll need to use a crossover Cat 5 cable. BTW, that's not "The Internet", it's just wires with Ethernet on them.


The repository file needs to be fixed for PlayOnLinux.  Copy and paste the following lines in a terminal window to replace the existing repository file:

wget -q "http://deb.playonlinux.com/public.gpg" -O- | sudo apt-key add -
sudo bash -c 'echo "deb http://deb.playonlinux.com/ $(lsb_release -cs) main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/playonlinux.list'
sudo apt-get update

Note: If you're running Ubuntu 16.04, the PlayOnLinux repository is not Xenial ready, so the repository will be disabled.  The version of PlayOnLinux in the built-in repository is newer than in the playonlinux repository, so the file could just be deleted.

Hope this helps!


Bash script to open up a terminal and cd into a directory

I didn't get it to work with x-terminal-emulator, but with the standard
gnome terminal.

user@MacBookPro:~$ gnome-terminal --working-directory=~/code/ruby/my-main-proj

Hope this helps.


Force Gnome app launcher to create new terminal

Just click with the middle mouse button on the terminal icon in the launcher. This opens a second terminal window.


How to install postgresl 9.6.8 or 10.3 to Ubuntu 17.10 Artful Aardvark?

I was able to upgrade from 10.1 to 10.3 by changing to the xenial repository at https://www.postgresql.org/download/linux/ubuntu/.


How can I get colors in TTY working correctly?

Are you asking about how to get 256 colour support in Linux console ttys?  As the post you've linked to says, you'd need to modify your kernel to do that (and the modifications you'd need have not been written: it isn't just a matter of changing the config).  Without modification, you'll have to make do with the standard 16 colours on the console.

An alternative would be to switch to a different terminal emulator.  One option is fbterm, which has been packaged on Ubuntu under the same name.  It is a terminal emulator that can run directly against the Linux frame buffer device.

If you are just after a full screen terminal emulator, another option would be to just use the standard GNOME terminal emulator and hit F11.


Update Manager is not appearing in main dash.

You need to run the command apt-get using sudo or using root privilege. For example, sudo apt-get update.

You say, you want to upgrade to the next release i.e Precise. To do so, follow these steps:

Update the package database

 sudo apt-get update

Install update-manager-core

 sudo apt-get install update-manager-core

Use this command to upgrade

 do-release-upgrade

Then follow the on-screen instruction.

For more help, check this page

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PreciseUpgrades/

You are now upgraded to Precise


Is there an application or method to log of data transfers?

It appears that inotifywatch can do the job. Refer to the IBM document I reference in the comment above for more information and its manual page.
To install:

apt-cache search inotify

inotifywait - wait for changes to files using inotify
inotifywatch - gather filesystem access statistics using inotify


xhci_hcd is the usb-3 driver for the chip that the usb devices plug into. The driver is interacting poorly either with the chip or one of the devices. Hopefully, one of the devices.

Try removing all usb devices, then booting. Don't plug them in until you get to the login screen. This will tell you if the problem is in the chip or the devices. If the chip, you could try:

Upgrading to a newer kernel. Maybe a mainline kernel. Possibly whatever's wrong has been fixed. Mainline kernels are here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/MainlineBuilds
Disable xHCI, if you can find a switch for that in your BIOS.
Ask somebody who knows more.


Production-ready, hardened edition of Ubuntu Server?

If you're looking for these features you need to use the Ubuntu Cloud image instead of the traditional server image.

Security updates are turned on by default and new images are published every few weeks with the updates rolled in.
In cloud environments the networking is usually restricted out of the box, but if you want to use ufw you can turn it on.
The cloud images only accept login via ssh, you can use cloud-init to create/use whatever keys as well as user data if you'd like: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CloudInit

From your comments it looks like you want to automate your deployment with Ansible. Ansible and cloud-init is a popular pattern in the cloud, there are lots of guides on how to do that, here's one as a start:

https://www.cloudsigma.com/an-introduction-to-server-provisioning-with-cloudinit/

Here are a bunch of examples of configuration for cloud-init that you can use to derive custom configs of your own:

http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~cloud-init-dev/cloud-init/trunk/files/head:/doc/examples/


I think you missed some steps (chmod +x maybe?). Works for me:

$ wget http://www.robots.ox.ac.uk/[...]/compute_descriptors.ln.gz
[...]
2012-12-12 11:55:36 (1.55 MB/s) - `compute_descriptors.ln.gz' saved [3222607/3222607]

$ gunzip compute_descriptors.ln.gz
$ chmod +x compute_descriptors.ln
$ ./compute_descriptors.ln
Interest point descriptors implemented by Krystian.Mikolajczyk@inrialpes.fr
at INRIA Rhone-Alpes.[ref. www.inrialpes.fr/movi/people/Mikolajczyk/Affine]
Options:
[...]


Wacom tablet multi-monitor mapping issues

It sounds like you are affected by the "Android misdetect" issue that plagues users of the CTL-6100, CTL-6100WL, CTL-4100, and CTL-4100WL. The firmware on these tablets effectively disables the right half of the device when it believe it is connected to an Android device (in order to have the tablet map properly to a typically-portrait Android screen). The firmware is known to mis-detect Ubuntu and other Linux distributions as Android, which causes symptoms similar to what you report.
To force the tablet back into "PC mode", you can hold the two outermost ExpressKeys for until the status light turns off and then on again. This takes around 3-4 seconds. Once in "PC mode" the entire tablet surface should be usable and mapped to whatever area you've set in GNOME (the entire desktop or a specific monitor). Unfortunately you'll need to perform this workaround any time you reboot or re-connect the tablet since the firmware will re-detect the system as Android when it is initializing.
For more details, see https://github.com/linuxwacom/xf86-input-wacom/wiki/Known-Issues#android-misdetect


Why isn't Metasploit in Ubuntu's software repositories?

There are really two questions here.

I'll answer the broader question first. The answer is "The Ubuntu Community".

There's a process for adding software to Ubuntu's archive and having it tested as part of the releases:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuDevelopment/NewPackages

To answer about metasploit, its hard to say why it hasn't been packaged yet. There is a debian "Intent To Package" bug filed that is 1607 days old here:

http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=323420

If this were ever completed, it would automatically be included in the Ubuntu universe repository. However, the bug report lists a blocker on the copyright status of some of the files. If this isn't resolved, then it won't enter Debian, and likely won't be included with Ubuntu unless the distribution legality is clarified.


Can I automatically make my Nvidia card's fan quieter?

Sure, use /etc/rc.local to place commands intended to run at boot.

You can also use an xorg.conf trick to permanently lock the GPU and graphical memory clocks to their lowest values.

gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

add the following to the Device Section:

Option  "RegistryDwords" "PerfLevelSrc=0x2222; PowerMizerDefault=0x3; PowerMizerDefaultAC=0x3"

If the file is empty or there is no device section, here is an example of mine:

Section "Device"
Identifier  "Default Device"
Option  "NoLogo"    "True"
Option  "RegistryDwords" "PerfLevelSrc=0x2222; PowerMizerDefault=0x3; PowerMizerDefaultAC=0x3"
EndSection

For more info on various Nvidia related options, check out http://tutanhamon.com.ua/technovodstvo/NVIDIA-UNIX-driver/

The original page has not been available for some years, so I'll link to it in the archive.org


How do I shut down remote and local system from terminal?

For remote systems, you can do ssh <user>@<ip> sudo -c "shutdown -hf now" for shutdown or ssh <user>@<ip> sudo -c "shutdown -rf now" for restart.

For local systems, you can do sudo shutdown -hf now for shutdown or sudo shutdown -rf now for restart.


apt-get install fails due to empty /var/lib/dpkg/diversions

You might be affected by a reported bug in debconf. If you read the comments there one user was able to fix this by running:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure debconf

See if the same works for you.


All it does is scan software for specific patterns and Linux software will have those same patterns but for a totally legitimate reason where clamav incorrectly believes it found a -windows- infected file.

Regarding the 1st:ClamAV PUA.Win.Packer.PrivateExeProte-7`. As you can see not only a -windows- problem but also a "Potentially Unwanted Application". Basically something they consider a problem. When using Windows. See ClamAV PUA.Win32.Packer.PrivateExeProte-7

Regarding the 3rd see the link in comments here: Virus PUA.Script.PDF.EmbededJS-1 Again a PUA.

4th one: see ClamAV: PUA.Win.Exploit.CVE_2012_0110 FOUND (/usr/share/mime/mime.cache) Again a PUA.

Sorry, but the only thing clamav is good for is finding -windows- viruses in -windows- files. It really really really is useless on a Linux system. Even if it did ever find a virus the sheer amount of false positives makes it useless. You are wasting your time.


I use Font Manager

sudo apt-get install font-manager


How to install MK - a program "Holy Bible"

Let’s say you extracted the archive to ~/Downloads/Holy_Bible, then open a terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T and execute:

~/Downloads/Holy_Bible/start-MK.sh

You can also try to just click on the start-MK.sh file in your file manager, at least PCManFM asks what to do and lets you choose to “Execute” the file, which runs the program.

Protip: To change the program’s language, just press F1 and select a language in the appearing dropdown menu.


Is it possible to direct system monitor output to a file?

Use atop. You will have to install it with your favourite package manager (you need "universe" enabled).

Although it is primarily an interactive monitoring tool (for the command line) you can also use it to store the data in a file and later read the from this file.

Please read the man page for atop and find useful examples way down (at about 98% through the page)


Trouble changing the APN "MessageCenter" parameters for MMS in Ubuntu Touch

Follow this link it shows how to create context property. I hope this helps.


Eclipse, for python project not jumping to function definition

In Eclipse, for python project; we can jump to respective module (source file) and method (function definition).
For this, we need to add the packages into PyDev – PYTHONPATH.

Project  ->  Properties  ->  PyDev – PYTHONPATH  -> Add source folder
Browse the particular package (source folder) from Project

Once done, just click on the search keyword, which you want to search and press F3.
Else press Ctrl key and click on the search keyword.

Note: Restart the Eclipse, once.


how to show all the non – blank lines of a specific file

your command is almost correct. Just remove the v.

Then you have grep -P '\S'.

The -v flag means: "show only lines that don't match the pattern"

Some alternative commands:

grep -v '^$' Pattern matches "begin of string (^), directly followed by "end of string" ($)
grep -v '^[[:space:]]*$' same as before, but with optional space in the line (not really empty, but nothing visible)
grep  '[^[:space:]]' greps all lines that contain a non-space character (basically the same you used but does not need the -P option)


Can '~/.local/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css' have priority over '/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css'?

The standard local directories are ~/.themes or ~/.local/share/themes. You can copy your theme folder to one of these directories and modify the files. But it won't override the default GNOME Shell theme, you need to use the 'User Themes' GNOME shell extension. Then you would be able to activate your modified theme using GNOME Tweaks for example.

Note that the correct location for the .css file is as follows:
~/.themes/<ThemeName>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css or
~/.local/share/themes/<ThemeName>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css.

So copy the ubuntu.css file to, for example, ~/.themes/MyCustomTheme/gnome-shell/ and rename it as gnome-shell.css (you may also have to copy some or all other files in /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ to ~/.themes/MyCustomTheme/gnome-shell/ too in this case).

You should be able to activate "MyCustomTheme" as the GNOME Shell theme after activating the User Themes extension.


EDIT: a version of the script with sorted reports can be found here

Always fun to write a script for it!

The script below will produce an output (report) like:

------------------------------------------------------------
nautilus
0:00:05 (3%)
------------------------------------------------------------
   0:00:05 (3%)     .usagelogs
------------------------------------------------------------
firefox
0:01:10 (36%)
------------------------------------------------------------
   0:00:05 (3%)     The Asker or the Answerer? - Ask Ubuntu Meta - Mozilla Firefox
   0:00:15 (8%)     scripts - Is there software which time- tracks window & application usage? - Ask Ubuntu - Mozilla Firefox
   0:00:10 (5%)     Ask Ubuntu - Mozilla Firefox
   0:00:15 (8%)     Why is a one line non-understandable answer used as review audit? - Ask Ubuntu Meta - Mozilla Firefox
   0:00:20 (10%)    bash - How to detect the number of opened terminals by the user - Ask Ubuntu - Mozilla Firefox
   0:00:05 (3%)     BlueGriffon - Mozilla Firefox
------------------------------------------------------------
gedit
0:02:00 (62%)
------------------------------------------------------------
   0:02:00 (62%)    2016_06_04_10_33_29.txt (~/.usagelogs) - gedit

============================================================
started: 2016-06-04 10:33:29    updated: 2016-06-04 10:36:46
============================================================

..which is updated once per minute.

Notes

The report will possibly report windows under the category: "Unknown". This is the case when windows have pid 0 (tkinter windows, such as Idle windows, aPython IDE). Their window title and usage will be reported correctly however.
The lock screen with password input is reported a "nux input window".
The percentages are rounded percentages, which might occasionally lead to minor differences between the application's percentage and the sum of its window's percentage.

An example: If an application has two windows used, each used 0,7% of the total time, both windows will report 1% each (0.7 --> rounded to 1), while the application's usage reports 1% (1.4 --> rounded to 1)

No need to say that these differences are totally irrelevant in the whole picture.

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import time
import os

# -- set update/round time (seconds)
period = 5
# --
# don change anything below
home = os.environ["HOME"]
logdir = home+"/.usagelogs"

def currtime(tformat=None):
    return time.strftime("%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S") if tformat == "file"\
           else time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

try:
    os.mkdir(logdir)
except FileExistsError:
    pass

# path to your logfile
log = logdir+"/"+currtime("file")+".txt"; startt = currtime()

def get(command):
    try:
        return subprocess.check_output(command).decode("utf-8").strip()
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
        pass

def time_format(s):
    # convert time format from seconds to h:m:s
    m, s = divmod(s, 60); h, m = divmod(m, 60)
    return "%d:%02d:%02d" % (h, m, s)

def summarize():
    with open(log, "wt" ) as report:
        totaltime = sum([it[2] for it in winlist])
        report.write("")
        for app in applist:
            wins = [r for r in winlist if r[0] == app]
            apptime = sum([it[2] for it in winlist if it[0] == app])
            appperc = round(100*apptime/totaltime)
            report.write(("-"*60)+"\n"+app+"\n"+time_format(apptime)+\
                         " ("+str(appperc)+"%)\n"+("-"*60)+"\n")
            for w in wins:
                wperc = str(round(100*w[2]/totaltime))
                report.write("   "+time_format(w[2])+" ("+\
                             wperc+"%)"+(6-len(wperc))*" "+w[1]+"\n")
        report.write("\n"+"="*60+"\nstarted: "+startt+"\t"+\
                     "updated: "+currtime()+"\n"+"="*60)

t = 0; applist = []; winlist = []
while True:
    time.sleep(period)
    frpid = get(["xdotool", "getactivewindow", "getwindowpid"])
    frname = get(["xdotool", "getactivewindow", "getwindowname"])
    app = get(["ps", "-p", frpid, "-o", "comm="]) if frpid != None else "Unknown"
    # fix a few names
    if "gnome-terminal" in app:
        app = "gnome-terminal"
    elif app == "soffice.bin":
        app = "libreoffice"
    # add app to list
    if not app in applist:
        applist.append(app)
    checklist = [item[1] for item in winlist]
    if not frname in checklist:
        winlist.append([app, frname, 1*period])
    else:
        winlist[checklist.index(frname)][
            2] = winlist[checklist.index(frname)][2]+1*period
    if t == 60/period:
        summarize()
        t = 0
    else:
        t += 1

How to set up

The script needs xdotool to get the window's information

sudo apt-get install xdotool

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as window_logs.py
Test- run the script: tart the script by the command (from a terminal):

python3 /path/to/window_logs.py

After one minute, the script creates a log file with the first results in ~/.usagelogs. The file is time- stamped with the creation date & time. The file is updated once per minute.

At the bottom of the file, you can see both the start- time and the time-stamp of the latest edit. This way you can always see what is the file's time span.

If the script restarts, a new file with a new (start-) time stamp is created.
If all works fine, add to Startup Applications: Dash > Startup Applications > Add. Add the command:

/bin/bash -c "sleep 15 && python3 /path/to/window_logs.py"

More notes

~/.uselogs is a hidden directory by default. Press (in nautilus) Ctrl+H to make it visible.
As it is, the script rounds the window's activeness on 5 seconds, assuming less then 5 seconds is not really using the window. If you'd like to change the value, set it in the head of the script in the line:

# -- set update/round time (seconds)
period = 5
# --

The script is extremely "low on juice". Furthermore, since the time- updates per window are done inside the script, the number of lines in the log file is limited to the actual number of used windows.

Nevertheless, I wouldn't run the script for weeks in a row for example, to prevent accumulating too many lines (=window records) to maintain.


Problem reading exFAT XQD card Ubuntu 12.04

Appears to be a problem with how the camera formats the XQD card. If I format the XQD card as exFAT on windows and then copy the exact same files onto it, it works. So it must be how either camera is formatting the card or how the camera is writing to the card.


Can't connect to server via SSH outside Web Console

Manual page for ssh clearly explains the synopsis of the ssh command:

 ssh [...] [-p port] [...] [user@]hostname [...]

You can not add a port after the hostname. You should use the following:

ssh -p 1337 xx.xx.xxx.xx

Edit after gathering more details: The important part is

connection refused by tcp_wrapper

Your server is configured to refuse connections from some IP addresses in /etc/hosts.allow and/or /etc/hosts.deny. Review these rules and adjust them if you want to be able to ssh from your IP.


startup/shutdown screen / grub changed after installing xfce

Run this command in the terminal

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

You will get the following screen:

then enter on OK and you will get a screen similar to this with listings as XDM or LXDM and LIGHTDM

scroll down the navigation to lightdm and press Enter.

You will get the Ubuntu login screen back.


Sound application indicator for Esound is missing after I uninstalled PulseAudio?

A significant majority of the sound software in Ubuntu now expects the presence of pulseaudio.  There are some historical issues with skype, which may be fixed for some newer skype clients (I've seen many reports that this is the case, but others indicating it isn't, and suspect a continual process of bugfixing by skype).  The issue with VLC is known, and expected to have been fixed in the upcoming release of Ubuntu 11.10.

Keeping pulseaudio installed is strongly recommended, for integration with the various audio management applications installed in all flavours of Ubuntu (including indicator-sound), which are configured to use pulseaudio as a backend.  If you are affected by issues with integration between pulseaudio and other applications, the easiest workaround is to use pasuspender, for example pasuspender -- skype to temporarily suspect pulseaudio whilst running skype, restoring normal behaviour when skype exits.

Unfortunately, there is no currently safe way to have both working desktop sounds and running skype: if pulseaudio is removed, then skype will bind to ALSA, blocking the binding from other applications (including alerts, etc.).  ALSA's dmix plugin is sometimes recommended as a way to work around this, but this then limits hardware support to a subset of that described as "supported" by Ubuntu and runs into other issues with multiple audio interfaces (such as for users who have a separate USB headset for telephony).


Why do I suddenly have to fully refresh (CTRL + R) each page I visit in Firefox?

There are some things to do which help diagnose and hopefully solve your problem.

Use the Restart with Addons Disabled option under Help. This is also called Safe mode and the link explains its use.
Use the Reset Firefox option available under Help, Troubleshooting Information. That is explained in Reset Firefox – easily fix most problems.
Of course, you can also do somethings yourself:

empty your cache by pressing CtrlShiftDelete and choosing appropriate options.
create a new profile by starting Firefox from a terminal using firefox -P. This will invoke a window which allows you to create a new profile. If you don't have the problem with the new profile, you could migrate several useful things like bookmarks and passwords over to the new profile. This maybe necessary if something in your olde profile corrupted and is difficult to trace.

I also use Firefox and have not had problems but one of the methods listed above should help you!

I realize I have not said what could cause the problem because I have not met it myself and not seen discussion of it elsewhere!


Try reinstalling gnome panels

sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-panel

And for your Network manager applet problem if it isn't fixed yet, edit network manager conf

sudoedit /etc/NetworkManager/nm-system-settings.conf

and change managed=false to managed=true and then save the file. In the terminal type killall nm-system-settings and restart.


"Couldn't get size: 0x800000000000000e" when trying to install Ubuntu 18.04 from a USB key

mount: mounting /cow on /root failed: invalid argument is what you typically get if you enabled persistence in Rufus (i.e. you set a persistent partition size that isn't zero) and are working with an ISO where Ubuntu/casper bug #1489855 has not been patched (which pretty much means every version of Ubuntu except the very latest 19.10).

If you want to use persistence with Ubuntu through a persistent partition that resides on the same media as the one you boot from, you must make sure that you use a version of Ubuntu where bug #1489855 has been fixed, which, right now, is only the case when using a daily-live ISO of 19.10 released after August 1st. I am not aware of any pre 19.10 ISO that includes the casper bugfix. Especially 18.04.03 will not work with a persistent partition because of the casper bug above.

Otherwise, either make sure that you set the persistent partition size to 0 in Rufus (no persistence) or use DD mode when prompted.


Cannot update software, cannot install anything, cannot upgrade

Your /etc/apt/sources.list is incorrectly formatted. Delete everything in the file, and paste in the following:

# deb cdrom:[Lubuntu 14.04 LTS _Trusty Tahr_ - Release amd64 (20140416.2)]/ trusty main multiverse restricted universe

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted
deb-src http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty universe
deb-src http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty universe
deb http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty-updates universe
deb-src http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse
deb-src http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse
deb http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty-updates multiverse
deb-src http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirror.telepoint.bg/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner

## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party
## developers who want to ship their latest software.
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main

Then, run sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get install -f.


Installing Ubuntu to Internal HDD from ISO booted on the HDD
Your /boot/grub/grub.cfg file should have a menuentry similar to:
menuentry "isoname ISO" {
    set root=(hdX,Y)
    set isofile="/[path]/[name].iso"
        loopback loop $isofile
        linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile toram --
        initrd (loop)/casper/initrd
}

The toram item is critical.
Boot the computer selecting the above menuentry.
Unmount all partitions. To unmount the Live iso run:
sudo umount -lrf /isodevice
Confirm all partitions are unmounted. You should be running totally in RAM.
Run the Ubuntu installer. I generally use the Something else option.
You may want to run sudo update-grub on reboot.


How do you connect to a network that IS broadcasting but DOES NOT have an SSID?

Kismet can be used to capture and dump the raw wifi traffic, including the SSID. You can then parse the data dump through your favorite language using an available PCAP library. You could then convert the SSID to something more human friendly like hex, octal, or ASCII code values OR you could exec() iwconfig from there. An example in Perl of parsing via PCAP.

I was going to leave this second part in a comment to the original question, but I do not have enough rep: You might have better luck in finding out what the intruder is doing by monitoring the traffic on your own network that is coming across the bridge.


You can "clone" the installation to the USB, but it'll not work if the computers are not of one type - driver errors.


Why does /bin/sh point to /bin/dash and not /bin/bash?

The default login shell is still /bin/bash. What was changed was the default system shell /bin/sh.

The change of the default system shell started from Ubuntu 6.10, and the main reason to switch was efficiency.

Here you can find complete information about this change: Dash as /bin/sh


IPSConfig3 permissions problem for FTP users

Keep them owned by www-data:www-data
Add web5 user to www-data group
Set permissions to allow group read/write chmod g+rw ... or 664


File not created by a python script that runs on boot

Scripts in /etc/rc.local run in / afaik. You should change the working directory or provide an absolute path in your python script.


How to automatically start programs in specific workspaces on start up

even though you could actually write some script to auto-start any application you want in different X sessions, you may want to have a look at the confgiuration files of your wm (which is?).

to do exactly what you asked, eg, with xmonad (my wm) you simply have to write a few lines, like

className =? "Icedove"             --> doShift "3:mail"

if you use compiz, i think there's a plugin to put an application in a specific workspace. so all you have to do is simply to auto-start them.

so please specify your wm :)


Quick answer: essentially No.

Long answer: There is almost no build-in possibility to control the window position and characteristics of newly opened application windows. The only control available is whether you want new windows positioned in the center, or according to a "smart" algorithm. That setting even is not exposed by default. It is however available in "Gnome Tweaks" (not installed by default) on the "Windows" tab.

It is essentially the application itself that controls the size and position of a new opened window. The behavior depends on the application. Many applications nowadays will reopen the window in the state it was when last closed. Other applications will remember size and position per document, some may just start with a fixed default size and position, etc.

The behavior you are looking for is implemented in an other kind of window manager, the so called tiling window managers, such as i3 or bspwm. Tiling window managers, however, currently are more targeted to advanced users or developpers, and require quite some setup. Some distributions are appearing that reconfigure a desktop that uses a tiling window manager (e.g. Regolith linux, which you can also install in a regular Ubuntu install, or Manjaro i3 edition). The philosophy and approach of tiling window managers is quite different, and they require a learning curve.


How to add an audio file (aac or mp3) to a mp4 video file?

It depends a bit how your streams are mapped within the mp4 file.
Something like this should work:

ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i audio.aac -map 0:0 -map 1:0 -vcodec copy -acodec copy newvideo.mp4

Usually the videostream is mapped as first stream in the container.
If it isn't mapped as first stream, change the mapping:

ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i audio.aac -map 0:1 -map 1:0 -vcodec copy -acodec copy newvideo.mp4

To find out how the streams in your video file actually were mapped in the first place you can use mediainfo which is in the standard Ubuntu repositories nowadays.

If we break down the commandline here it works like this:

-i video.mp4  -> first media file
-i audio.aac  -> second media file
-map 0:1      -> use the second stream from the first mediafile
-map 1:0      -> use the first stream from the second mediafile
-vcodec copy  -> leave the video as is
-acodec copy  -> leave the audio as is
newvideo      -> resulting videofile

Make sure that the audiofile and the videofile have the same duration. Not every player is accepting tracks with huge duration differences.

Please be aware that avconv and ffmpeg are almost the same thing. In fact, this command using avconv also works like the same command using ffmpeg:

avconv -i video.mp4 -i audio.aac -map 0:0 -map 1:0 -vcodec copy -acodec copy newvideo.mp4

avconv program belongs to the Libav project, a fork from the FFmpeg project. You also can safely ignore the following error message:

*** THIS PROGRAM IS DEPRECATED ***
This program is only provided for compatibility and will be removed in a future release. Please use avconv instead.

An alternative for muxing files in MP4 format is MP4Box from the gpac package.


How do I use FFmpeg and rav1e to create high quality AV1 files?

It looks like this goal can be accomplished in 4 relatively easy steps, thus allowing Ubuntu Focal Fossa 20.04 LTS to get to grips with AV1 encoding with FFmpeg and rav1e!
1. Get a recent copy of rust...
Focal Fossa and rav1e benefit from a newer version of rust so grab a newer copy as follows:
sudo apt-get install curl
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh

Follow the defaults (just press 'enter') and then run the following to configure your current shell:
source $HOME/.cargo/env

to allow instant access to the newest rust and friends.
2. Install rav1e
Best to install both the executable (the command rav1e --fullhelp will then show options that can be used from within FFmpeg with the -rav1e-params option) as well as the libraries that FFmpeg will use to successfully compile and produce librav1e.
First the executable, using a simple copy and paste code block:
sudo apt-get install nasm build-essential libssl-dev &&
mkdir -pv $HOME/{bin,ffmpeg_sources,ffmpeg_build} &&
cd $HOME/ffmpeg_sources &&
wget https://github.com/xiph/rav1e/archive/refs/tags/v0.4.1.tar.gz &&
tar xvf v0.4.1.tar.gz && cd rav1e-0.4.1 &&
cargo build --release &&
find target -name rav1e -exec install -m 755 {} $HOME/bin \; &&
strip ~/bin/rav1e && \
cd $HOME/ffmpeg_sources && rm -rfv rav1e-0.4.1

Next install the cargo-c applet as well as the libraries and pkg-config file needed by FFmpeg. First run a one-off command to install cargo-c:
cargo install cargo-c

and then compile rav1e again using the installed cargo-c:
cd $HOME/ffmpeg_sources && tar xvf v0.4.1.tar.gz && \
cd rav1e-0.4.1 && \
cargo cinstall --release \
     --prefix=$HOME/ffmpeg_build \
     --libdir=$HOME/ffmpeg_build/lib \
     --includedir=$HOME/ffmpeg_build/include

Best to then remove the rav1e shared libraries, leaving the static libraries for FFmpeg to pick up (FFmpeg has a problem with the shared rav1e libraries in this location on my system):
rm -v $HOME/ffmpeg_build/lib/librav1e.so*

3. Install FFmpeg
Now go to the FFmpeg trac site and install FFmpeg as instructed, remembering to add:
--enable-librav1e

to the ./configure string. Then the hard work is done :)
4. Run the encoder
A very reasonable encode can then be run on the test files mentioned in the original question:
ffmpeg -i sintel_trailer_2k_720p24.y4m -i sintel_trailer-audio.flac \
       -c:v librav1e -qp 80 -speed 4 \
       -tile-columns 2 -tile-rows 2 \
       -c:a libfdk_aac -b:a 128k \
       sintel_trailer_av1.mp4

Things to manipulate here would be:

-qp 80: Uses 'quantizer' mode to encode with a range of 0-255. Smaller values are a higher quality, the default is 100. 80 seems to be the sweet spot for this media clip.
-speed 4: Selects the speed preset (0-10) to encode with, 0 is best quality while 10 is the fastest. This particular setting is a nice compromise between speed and quality on my system (2nd generation Threadripper).
-tile-columns 2 -tile-rows 2 Quite decent speed enhancements can be made by manipulating rav1e's tile based encoding. The example given here splits the encoding and decoding into 4 segments and seems a decent choice for the suggested input video, feel free to experiment though..

This encodes at many times the speed that is seen with FFmpeg and libaom-av1 and arguably produces far better quality. Doubtless this encoding string can be further refined and I will do this as rav1e, FFmpeg and AV1 encoding mature...
5. Gratuitous screenshot
OK so there is an optional 5th step; taking a screenshot of the completed output file running :)

Additional Notes...

FFmpeg Documentation: The docs on the FFmpeg implementation of encoding with rav1e, this can also be seen by searching the FFmpeg man pages, either man ffmpeg-all or man ffmpeg-codecs. Remember that native rav1e options can be seen with rav1e --help and added into any FFmpeg command line by using the -rav1e-params option...


I have written a python daemon to solve this problem:

https://github.com/prahladyeri/hotspotd

It depends on hostapd to do the actual provisioning, so you need to install that first. In theory, it should work on any major linux distro (though I've only tried on the `buntus - 12.04 & 14.04 yet)

To install:

wget https://github.com/prahladyeri/hotspotd/raw/master/dist/hotspotd-0.1.tar.gz
tar xvf hotspotd-0.1.tar.gz
cd hotspotd-0.1/
sudo python setup.py install


How can I batch rename filenames in the console

You can do this fairly easily with the rename command. The only problem is preserving the extension. We start by replacing all the dots, but then replace _png with .png. You'll obviously need to adapt that for other extension types.

cd /path/to/images
rename 's/\./_/g; s/_png$/.png/' *.png -vn

Note: the -vn on the end will only demonstrate what it would do. It's a safety trigger. Check the command does what you want and then remove that last part.

A super-simple test harness:

$ touch file.{01..10}.png
$ rename 's/\./_/g; s/_png$/.png/' *.png -vn
file.01.png renamed as file_01.png
file.02.png renamed as file_02.png
file.03.png renamed as file_03.png
file.04.png renamed as file_04.png
file.05.png renamed as file_05.png
file.06.png renamed as file_06.png
file.07.png renamed as file_07.png
file.08.png renamed as file_08.png
file.09.png renamed as file_09.png
file.10.png renamed as file_10.png


When checking the signature of the download, the signature should be checked against the .tar.xz.asc file, corresponding to the .tar.xz archive. As explained on the Tor page, This should include the following message:

gpg: Good signature

Once the signature is verified, the archive can be extracted. This can be done by right clicking and selecting the "Extract" option.

Navigating into this folder will then allow running Tor. The .exe file is for use under Windows. The start-tor-browser is a script that will run under Ubuntu to start Tor.

This will give three options: Terminal, Display, and Run.

Terminal will run the script in a terminal, which is useful if you want to see output from the script
Display will just open the script for editing with a text editor
Run will just run the script like any other program

Run is fine unless you are troubleshooting or need to see something that is shown in the terminal.

It should not ask you for a password. Programs that do important tasks like installing software need to ask permission to do so, which is why Software Center and others might ask for a password. The Tor browser shouldn't need any extra permissions.


on 12.04 & XP dual boot system, howto upgrade xp to win 7?

Assuming you havent used wubi to install mint and Ubuntu.

Install Win7 over XP partition.

Then restore grub by booting from a live cd like so:

--> Mount the linux partition ( Mint or Ubuntu . Both are fine)

-->sudo grub-install --boot-directory=path-to-the-mounted-partition /dev/sdX

(X = a, b or c depending on the name of the device . If you dont
    know it, then do ls /dev/sd*)

-->sudo update-grub2

Reboot.


Here are some methods to install google earth :

Method 1: Medibuntu
Medibuntu offers a Google Earth package for Ubuntu 10.04. You can download and install it here. Scroll to the bottom of the page and select your system type (i386/32 bit, amd64/64 bit) to start the download. Double-click on the downloaded package to open the Package Installer, and click Install Package.

Start Google Earth from Applications->Internet->Google Earth.

Method 2: googleearth-package
If the Medibuntu package is out of date or unavailable, you can create your own package with an easy script. The Ubuntu repositories offer a script which can create an easy to install Google Earth package for you.

Open Ubuntu Software Center and install googleearth-package.
Open Applications->Accessories->Terminal
Type the command:
make-googleearth-package --force
Wait for the script to build your package. This could take a minute or two depending on the speed of your computer and your Internet connection. At the end you should see:
Success!
You can now install the package with e.g. sudo dpkg -i .deb
You should now have a Google Earth package waiting in your home folder. Open Places->Home Folder, find the package named googleearth_VERSION_ARCH.deb, double-click to open the Package Installer, and click Install Package.
Start Google Earth from Applications->Internet->Google Earth.
If you’re having trouble, check out the Ubuntu Community Documentation on Google Earth. I’ve also written previously about installing Google Earth using the installer from Google.

Adapted from Google Earth Installation


Problem with running genymotion in KDE desktop

This one helped me try it,

Installing the libs:

apt-get install libxi-dev libxmu-dev

Moving the Qt libs inside the Genymotion installation directory
Code:

mkdir QtLibs && mv *Qt*.so* QtLibs

Try to read what log says.


If you just want to change the font color, you can use a terminal based text editor and you can set the font color of your terminal.

nano, vi, and vim are just a few you can use.


Change desktop wallpaper to a custom photo in Ubuntu 18.04

20.04

Settings → Background → click a wallpaper to select it or Add Picture (optional).

18.04

Open the Settings application by clicking on its icon that has a gear with a red wrench over it.
From Settings select the Background category and click on the Background image.

Download a new wallpaper .png format image to your Pictures folder or copy an existing .png image that you want to use as a wallpaper to your Pictures folder. In the below screenshot the first three images are wallpaper images that were already downloaded to my Pictures folder. Look for an image that will look sharp and crisp if it is used for a desktop wallpaper.
Select the Pictures tab and click on any image to select it as the new wallpaper. The selected image will be surrounded by an orange border when it is clicked.

Click the green Select button to select the image that is surrounded by an orange border as the new wallpaper.


My gnome3.14 dash has double icons for one app. How can I fix?

You can install a menu editor to fix it

sudo apt-get install menulibre

To edit the duplicated menu icon

Or you can just type

sudo -i
nautilus -w /usr/share/applications

To see all the desktop files for menu items, and remove any duplicates, but it would be sensible to make a backup before changing any file.


You should not use Rails 3.0.0

Solution

delete old gemset

rvm gemset delete <gemset-name>

create a new gemset  and use it

rvm gemset create <gemset-name>
rvm gemset use <gemset-name>

You can install the newest verson of rails. On 5 of march 2014, it is 4.0.3 .

If you want to stay with version 3, you need to install newest version of it which is 3.2.17. do this by running this command

gem install rails -v=3.2.17