How to make my Ubuntu not connect to any porn websites for my kids?

One easy and great way of doing it is going straight to the source and use DNS filtering for that purpose.

https://www.opendns.com/home-internet-security/parental-controls/opendns-home/

Setup an account, make the changes in your router to use the DNS servers from OpenDNS, activate parental filtering and no matter what OS your kids are using that obtain an IP via the router will be blocked from accessing issue sites.

Of course if your kids are smart enough and know how to spoof that it will be easy for them to bypass it, that again, as said before, you wont be able to protect your children all the time from all the dangers the internet presents.


Is Dropbox smooth and stable on Kubuntu 16?

I am running Kubuntu 16 with the Plasma desktop and Dropbox is working perfectly. I have the cloud icon with a little checkmark that indicates whether the Dropbox site is up to date with your local Dropbox folder (changes color). Whenever I want to send something to Dropbox, I just drag it to my local Dropbox folder and it is copied to the Dropbox website. Never seen it fail. If you tell it not to launch at startup, you don't get the convenience of the local Dropbox folder.


Ubuntu 18.04 not booting after amd driver install

I think this is because of you are using wrong drivers. AMD drivers are not made to run in virtualbox (or vmware)

Now if you can shift between virtual terminals using alt+ctrl+f2 alt+ctrl+f3 ..etc and log in then you can remove those drivers and install vesa drivers back.

if you can't shift between virtual terminals then last option is boot from live USB or image . any live image will work

now boot from live image and mount /dev/sda1 to the /mnt with command

sudo mount /dev/sda1

now change the root to /mnt with

sudo chroot /mnt

of if you are uing arch-live-iso then

sudo arch-chroot /mnt

now you can uninstall those drivers or whatever culprit packages from terminal and install vesa drivers (if these was because of drivers)


Howto run Ubuntu with UEFI and Intel Smart Response Technology

I'm a little late to the party, but I thought my experience might be useful.

I have a Dell Precision M4800 which came with a 32GB mSATA SSD originally and now has a 256GB mSATA SSD. I have my full sized Samsung 830 Pro 256GB in the 2.5" bay and a 1TB disk in the optical bay via an adapter. All are SATA 6G. I originally installed Win8 and Debian on the 2.5" SATA SSD, and used the complete 32GB mSATA to cache the 1TB HDD, since it is fairly slow and I keep a lot of VMware VMs there. SRT worked in both Linux and Windows since it's a hardware/firmware operation, I verified that the 1TB disk was accelerated even while I was in Linux. The 32GB SSD just disappeared entirely when SRT was enabled. Very nicely done, Intel.

Recently I switched out the 32GB for a 256GB. It was very simple and painless. I booted Windows, disabled Smart Response, let it settle, then shut down and made the physical switch. After booting Windows again, I enabled SRT again, and let it use the maximum 64GB. I told SRT to let the other 192GB be available for use, planning to move my Debian install there, and expand the Windows partition, giving everything more room.

After SRT populated the cache and I'd rebooted once or twice, I booted my Debian install. The 1TB disk is even faster than before, it's great having a big SSD cache for my bulk data disk, as it's 5400rpm and quite sluggish otherwise. I fired up gparted to partition the leftover mSATA SSD and problems began. It seems that gparted can see the entire disk area, including the cache, so it noted some "problems" with my GPT layout and offered to fix them for me. I let it, then realized what had happened and rebooted to Windows. SRT offline! SSD cache broken! D'oh!

Booted Debian, fully zero'ed the SSD, booted Windows, set up SRT over again (thinking that the GPT 'errors' were a stale GPT from before enabling SRT). Same results, gparted thinks my SSD is mispartitioned. I'm now going to make a partition in the unused space while in Windows and see if I can just edit/replace that without breaking SRT.

All this aside, OP is single-booting, so using a more Linux-specific solution is probably a good idea. You can put your base install on the SSD with home directories and bulky data on the HDD, and that should give you a good balance of speed and simplicity.


There can be problem with launcher command which starts aplication.

Install alacarte, run it, find gnome-terminal launcher, open properties and insert command which work for you into input for command. In your case gnome-terminal or /usr/bin/gnome-terminal. Than save changes.


Error while sniffing packets using scapy

Only root is allowed to open raw sockets. Use sudo to run your Python program.


Vi - Insert mode doesn't work in ubuntu 12.10

Installing VIM will probably solve that issue

sudo aptitude install vim

it actually has to work though, it might be that compatibility mode is on therefore you will be in the insert mode but VI won't tell you.

Either way using vim is recommended, its basically V i  IM proved.


Error ,,Bad return status for module build on kernel: 4.4.0-87-generic (x86_64)” when installing Synaptic on Ubuntu 16.04.3. Or it is a normal error?

Remove this OEM package. It is not supported by Ubuntu 16.04.

sudo apt purge oem-audio-hda-daily-dkms


Ubuntu 14.04 - White noise when playing mixcloud/youtube in Firefox (ARM)

sudo apt-get install --reinstall firefox fixed this.


Download PowerISO. You can use it to burn the cd image file onto a disk and then run (just reboot your computer with the disk inside) it to install Ubuntu


There is a plugin for this...

disclaimer - I'm the author for this plugin

Called rhythmbox_hide, this is a little applet that either starts rhythmbox hidden or minimized.

By default, when the plugin is enabled through the menu option Edit - Plugins, rhythmbox starts hidden on startup, but through the plugin preferences you can uncheck this option and rhythmbox will then start minimized.

This plugin is particularly useful in combination with another plugin called remember-the-rhythm.

When used with this plugin you can start rhythmbox via the startup applications option for your Desktop Environment and on login, your last track that was playing will be immediately start playing.

how to install

sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/fossfreedom/rhythmbox_hide
cd rhythmbox_hide
./install.sh

You will be prompted for your password which installs the dconf schema key used to remember your preferences option.

Alternatively, if you prefer a package installation method:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:fossfreedom/rhythmbox-plugins
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rhythmbox-plugin-hide

Linked Question

How do I install third-party rhythmbox plugins?


After investigating this deeper I can confirm that -M test switch runs exec command.

I thought there is a problem with that but actually the test was working properly. The whole mechanism, when run by smartd, just wasn't working as intended and without reporting any errors. There is an issue with run-parts, which is used by smartd-runner. After some digging I approached this thread where someone posted a link to this bug report for run-parts containing discussion why it doesn't support scripts with dot in name.

It was enough to remove ".sh" ending from notify-monit.sh to solve my issue. Then the test generated alert in monit successfully.

Tips for folks troubleshooting the same:

You can temporarily echo something in /usr/share/smartmontools/smartd-runner and then check for that in /var/log/syslog to be sure that smartd invokes that script
You can run run-parts --list --lsbsysinit /etc/smartmontools/run.d to be sure that run-parts "sees" your script(s)


In Chromium browser but not in Firefox or Nautilus - Error opening directory '/media/tm/World': Permission denied

This answer worked for me.

Basically you need Ubuntu OS to allow Chromium to access system mounts and read/write partitions and removable storage.


Remove messaging icon from indicator plugin xfce panel Xubuntu 14.04

just right click on the mail icon, hit properties.

you'll see a list of indicators like: sound, power management and messaging menu. check the box on the right next to messaging menu, close. log out, log back in and there, the icon should be gone. this hides the indicator instead of removing or deleting it which most of the times will result in issues with the panel.
 I don't know if it's the same for Ubuntu. let me know if this worked for you.


I installed Windows 7 after Ubuntu, how do I get the Grub menu back?

Its easy to install duel OS but If you install windows after Ubuntu Grub will be affected. Grub is a booting system of Linux base system. You can follow above steps or you can do just the following....

To fix booting problem you can install a program 'EasyBCD' in Windows.
Download it here

Follow these steps to restore GRUB when after installing EasyBCD:

- Launch the program and select ADD NEW ENTRY from the EasyBCD Toolbox

- Select the 'Linux/BSD' from the operating systems column

- Choose GRUB (Legacy) under type and Click on the ADD ENTRY icon

- Choose YES to the restart prompt

GRUB will be displayed after the restart which will detect the Ubuntu partition for you to be able to boot into Ubuntu


Ubuntu and AMD's GCN 1.0 GPUs with AMDGPU-PRO 16.50 drivers

New kernel 4.9 supports GCN 1.0 if you enable CIK parts in options while compiling it. I did so, and, you also have to blacklist the radeon driver, to force it to load amdgpu. Then you can install AMDGPU-PRO, but beware: You'll have to wait till it supports 4.9, right now it gives errors while compiling the module. So: AMDGPU? Yes. AMDGPU-PRO? Maybe later.
Might be helpful:
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/AMDGPU#Enable_amdgpu_for_Sea_Islands_or_Southern_Islands_cards


Xubuntu's Network Manager cannot detect wifi on Lenovo G450 laptop

I figured it out. I'd like to thank Mitch for suggesting the Broadcom Driver. I went and installed it, initially to no avail, BUT it did get me searching for broadcom driver related issues and found one of the answers here. What I needed to do was put in # blacklist bcm43xx in the terminal, and now I have no problems.


Play video files in a local Lan folder with KDE

Ok everybody, now I found out whats up: Like "ClashTheBunny" pointed out Dolphin feeds the link to vlc - so to access the file you have to open VLC preferences > show all > input/codecs  > access modules > smb and enter your smb browsing credentials (smb user/password). I left the domain blank because I use the standard workgroup browsing...
works like a charme!


Sound volume decreases and disappears after startup in Ubuntu 18.04

I also faced the same issue where the sound would work for a second or two and would gradually disappear. This happened regardless of the audio source — whether it be local videos via VLC or online videos via YouTube.

I tried these steps without any success:
 - Disabling auto mute function using alsamixer command via terminal.
 - Manually unmuting every playback channel and increasing volume to max through alsamixer command.
 - Reinstalling pulse audio and alsamixer.
 - Disabling fast start up through windows — as suggested by other answer.

Nothing seemed to work. Then I found out that there was a newer LTS linux kernel available, so I upgraded my kernel (14.19.96-1 LTS) to newer LTS version (5.4.12-1). Now the sound is working fine. I'm not 100% sure whether the upgrade was indeed the cause for the fix but if you have tried every other solution without any success, you could give it a try. I hope this helps you as well.


Add it to the path:

export PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin"

After this you can use the command.


hostapd driver error with AR9271 Chipset

I managed to solve the issue by following this tutorial:
https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/Documentation/hostapd


SMART data self test is greyed out in Disks?

From How can I check the SMART status of a SSD or HDD on current versions of Ubuntu 14.04 through 18.10?:

  SMART option greyed out

  This can happen with NVMe SSD's. You need to install NVMe SSD specific
  SMART tools:

sudo apt install nvme-cli

  Then run the program to report health of drive:

$ sudo nvme smart-log /dev/nvme0
Smart Log for NVME device:nvme0 namespace-id:ffffffff
critical_warning                    : 0
temperature                         : 40 C
available_spare                     : 100%
available_spare_threshold           : 10%
percentage_used                     : 0%
data_units_read                     : 28,167,888
data_units_written                  : 19,397,424
host_read_commands                  : 561,183,142
host_write_commands                 : 171,788,833
controller_busy_time                : 1,354
power_cycles                        : 2,385
power_on_hours                      : 1,363
unsafe_shutdowns                    : 133
media_errors                        : 0
num_err_log_entries                 : 608
Warning Temperature Time            : 0
Critical Composite Temperature Time : 0
Temperature Sensor 1                : 40 C
Temperature Sensor 2                : 51 C

  The most important data point is:

percentage_used                     : 0%

  When it hits 100% it is time worry about replacing your drive. That
  said this drive is two years old and still at 0%


I guess you gave to your ISP the MAC address of your ethernet card, not of your WIFI adapter ! He's probably filtering access on this setting.


How to fix font rendering (no anti-aliasing) in Unity global menu and search?

You can adjust the font settings using gnome-tweak-tool . Do note that installing gnome-tweak-tool also installs gnome-shell.

To install gnome-tweak-tool, you can run the following command in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

After installing it, open the tool and go to Fonts. The configurations that you should be changing are 'Hinting' and 'Antialiasing'.

Information about the options available:

  The type of antialiasing to use when rendering fonts. Possible values
  are: "none" for no antialiasing, "grayscale" for standard grayscale
  antialiasing, and "rgba" for subpixel antialiasing (LCD screens only).

  The type of hinting to use when rendering fonts. Possible values are: "none" for no hinting, "slight" for basic, "medium" for
  moderate, and "full" for maximum hinting (may cause distortion of
  letter forms).


Open up terminal and use this command.
replace INSERT_YOUR_KEY_HERE with serial number provided to you by vmware

sudo /usr/lib/vmware/bin/vmware-vmx --new-sn INSERT_YOUR_KEY_HERE


Script to turn on keyboard LED won't work automatically as a starup application

You can add your script to /etc/rc.local, make sure you provide full path to your script before exit 0. Anything written after exit 0 will never be executed.

#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.
sh /path/to/your/script.sh
exit 0


should `dist-upgrade` be followed with a reboot?

You only need to reboot if Ubuntu tells you to, e.g. when a new kernel got installed.  (It's even possible to circumvent those reboots via e.g. ksplice, which applies updates to the running kernel.) Otherwise there is no benefit from it. Restarting the specific application or a log out and log in often is enough to get all the benefits from updates.


How to ssh to Live CD for remote recovery - root password issue?

I think the LiveCD does not have the openssh server installed by default ;-(. You can verify at your home computer.
If there was an SSH server, you should be able to connect with ubuntu and empty password.
You can ask them to merely run sudo apt-get install openssh-server.

What's your alternative?

You ask the ISP to go to System » Preferences » Remote Desktop in order to enable remote access. Check the options in the dialog box from your own computer so that you can give them the exact advice.
Then, ask the ISP to log in to a Google Chat account that you will provide.
From your own account (with Google Chat), find that ISP user account and right click on it. Select Remote Administer. Press Enter, and you connected to the LiveCD using the GUI.


Ubuntu 15.04 looks like 14 with problems

The way ubuntu starts up and etc. is changed on 15. You should always use a LTS version of ubuntu if you want to be sure that it runs fine. 14.04 is the latest LTS version. You may look on the change log and see if it has something to do with it.

If it doesn't help start into recovery mode and try executing following lines either in root mode or with prepending sudo:

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get install --fix-missing
apt-get dist-upgrade
apt-get autoclean

If it does not help, you could reinstall ubuntu.

For that, download the ISO, boot into the Live-CD (you can use an usb flash drive as well) and copy the /home directory of your current installed ubuntu partition to any external place (other partition, external hard drive, ...)

Then just reinstall ubuntu and copy the home directory back. You only need to install all the packages you had and reconfigure them if needed.

Please give some more detail about your actual problem.


What should be modified or deleted to replace elementaryOS with Ubuntu 19.04 while retaining Windows?

Formatting the ext4 partition (or deleting and re-creating it) is sufficient to get rid of Elementary.

Personally I would go a less destructive route: install the ubuntu-desktop package on Elementary (it has Ubuntu under the hood after all), reboot and login to Gnome/Ubuntu. Optionally clean up Elementary repositories and packages after that.


I am using another approach to toggle the touchpad state: synclient. You could as well use your xinput commands instead, but I prefer synclient.

I'm using the following script, assigned to a hotkey, to toggle my touchpad on/off:

#!/bin/bash
if [ -z "$(synclient | grep TouchpadOff | grep 1)" ]; then
    synclient TouchpadOff=1
else
    synclient TouchpadOff=0
fi

How does it work?

When executing synclient without any arguments, it returns a list of all settings and their current state. From this list, the script greps the option "TouchpadOff", which is - who would've guessed it - 1 if the touchpad is off and 0 elsewise.

To check this, I used test's -z switch (following string empty), combined with another grep, which evaluates to true, if the touchpad is off. In this case, it again calls synclient with an argument telling it to set the option to "1", thereby disabling the touchpad.

Elsewise, the script does the opposite and reenables the touchpad.

Note that synclient doesn't store settings permanently, so if you don't do anything else, your toucpad will always be enabled on boot.


Broadcom BCM43228 802.11a/b/g/n wireless adapter stopped working on update

I had a similar problem, it was resolved by following the steps here

http://www.upubuntu.com/2012/10/how-to-fix-unity-and-wireless-problems.html

WiFi Stops Working After Upgrading To Ubuntu 12.10 (Broadcom Wireless cards)

You can fix wifi problems using two methods:

Either connect to the internet via wired connection and run this command:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Then reboot your system.

Or use the following commands:

sudo apt-get install linux linux-headers-generic kernel-package

sudo apt-get install --reinstall bcmwl* firmware-b43-lpphy-installer b43-fwcutter

Finally, reboot your system.

If that didn't help, try these commands:

sudo apt-get remove bcmwl-kernel-source

sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer b43-fwcutter

sudo reboot

Good luck.


I too looked at ext3cow a while ago and spent some time in setting things up and testing.

What I found and what I suspect you will find, is that what you really require is distributed VCS such as bzr.

Having the file system history is very useful and ext3cow takes care of this for you automatically without the hassle of having to commit. But in reality having the option to commit, add log details, revert easily and graphically view the history makes the committing a small overhead to manage.


After installing 12.04, WiFi ask me for a pass every 2 seconds

Click on the Network Manager applet from the top panel, click on Edit Connections..., click on the Wireless tab.

Select your wireless connection name and click Edit. Click on the Wireless Security tab.

Enter you password, tick available to all users.

Done.


Unattended-upgrades mail only on error or reboot?

Here is a solution based on an answer in this discussion.
The trick is that the request for a reboot is indicated by the presence of the file /var/run/reboot-required.

Create a file /usr/local/sbin/email_update_required with the content

if [ -f /var/run/reboot-required ]; then
    echo "A reboot is required following updates to server `hostname`" | mail -s "Reboot Required" <mail-address>
fi

Adjust <mail-address> (for example to root or your personal email address). Check the permissions and make the file executable.

Put the following line into your root crontab (sudo crontab -e)

00 08 * * * /usr/local/sbin/email_update_required

(It runs the email_update_required script every day at 8 o’clock, adjust as needed.)

I've applied the above method to a Ubuntu 14.04 server with unattended-upgrades and MailOnlyOnError true", and it works.

Still, it would be nice to have a more "official" Ubuntu or unattended-upgrades way to get those notification mails. A switch similar to MailOnlyOnError would be great.


deskbar-applet function for Ubuntu 12.10 non-unity?

Cardapio does the job exactly as requested.

Installation (package name 'cardapio)':
- package name: cardapio
- via PPA: add-apt-repository ppa:cardapio-team/cardapio-ppa

Working:
- Any shortcut can be configured. Many backend sources are available, including recent documents and goole; the base file system search is backed by MetaTracker
- The workflow can be entirely keyboard-based and is very fast, but the interface is also usable with clarity with a mouse

General notes:
- As far as I know, this is the most convenient files indexes on Gnome interfaces, for example as a replacement for Deskbar. It has several frontends though, so it can be used on several environments (currently: awn, cinnamon, docky, gnome 2, gnome 3, mate)
- It's very fast - much faster than Dash on Ubuntu 12.04


What is the detailed process of resolving `${shlibs:Depends}` when creating a Debian package?

This topic is new to me too, but here what could collect (may be not exactly sorted) and omitted some global setting files.

ldd
dpkg -S
deb-shlibs

objdump
deb-symbols
dpkg-gensymbols

debian/shlibs.local
dpkg-shlibdeps
debian/substvars .. shlibs:dependency-field

Quiet complicated with symbol resolving, some of tools are just run on dependency lib not dependent package just prepare lib info include in lib Debian package for Debian package builder. Anyway you check:

MOTU: Library Packaging
man dpkg-shlibdeps and other related man-pages mentioned in the bottom notes.


Invisible launcher icons, Asus Zenbook Ux32VD, Ubuntu 12.04

Did you install the xorg-edgers ppa?

From the PPA:
July 13th: Mesa currently has problems with unity where the launcher icons are invisible, it's suggested to hold mesa back to the 0529 version, stop using this PPA, or use another session such as gnome or unity-2d until it is fixed.

I haven't tried it myself yet, but that could be the problem.


Is there a way to default your ssh user to something other than your currently logged in username?

Yes, use SSH client configuration. Easiest way is to create a local user configuration in ~/.ssh/config with these two lines:

Host *
User ctote

This matches all hosts and applies the login name ctote to it.

To apply/override it for a single host you connect to ofen, use for example:

Host myhost
User myusername
Hostname server01.subdomain01.longnamehuh.tld
Port 2222

to make

ssh myusername@server01.subdomain01.longnamehuh.tld -p2222

into

ssh myhost

Bonus: also works for sftp/scp/git etc. And you can also do magic like this use case: How do I SSH to machine A via B in one command?.

Have a look at the manpage of SSH client configuration for more options you can specify and what the syntax is exactly.

man ssh_config


Are log files written to when a buffer fills or in 'realtime'?

The root cause is your process, here python, is using libc stdout where the output is line buffered when output to a terminal but block buffered when output to something else, like a pipe here.

You can fix the issue either in the python code by explicitly flushing the buffer after each log output:

sys.stdout.flush()

or by controlling how buffering will be done with some hack:

stdbuf -oL python foo.py | ~/timestamp.sh >> ~/logs/foo.log

or

unbuffer python foo.py | ~/timestamp.sh >> ~/logs/foo.log

I would recommend explicitly flushing the buffer in your code (sys.stdout.flush()), as you are the only one to know precisely where the output should be flushed. Line buffering (stdbuf -oL) is slightly less optimized but should be ok given the fact you timestamp per line, and disabling all buffering (unbuffer or heemayl's python -u suggestion) is the worst approach, as far as performance is concerned (although it might be unnoticeable depending on how your python code is writing its output).


How do I stop syncing a folder outside ~/Ubuntu One?

In the file manager (Nautilus) right click on your ~/linux folder, and choose the Stop synchronizing entry under the Ubuntu One menu.


How to install Citrix nsepa in Ubuntu 20.04

File a bug report with Citrix to update their package.

Easy solution: Until they do update the package, use Ubuntu 18.04 which does have those packages available.

Harder solution: You can try installing the 18.04 packages onto your 20.04 system. It's untested: It might break, or simply not work at all.

Hardest solution: You can try editing the package's control file to update the dependencies. This may take you down several unexpected rabbit-holes, and occupy an entire afternoon. You must decompress the deb, locate the control file, make the edit, re-compress, test, then troubleshoot. In the end, it might work, or might not.


how to do ALT+ TAB for main system while in VBOX?

My solution:
VirtualBox: File -> Preferences -> Input -> uncheck "Auto Capture Keyboard"


Running Programs not showing in gnome fallback panel

Found the solution :

It required me to alt+ right_click on the taskbar and click ¨add to panel¨ and adding window list to the panel

sorry for bothering you all and thanks for taking time and answering the post


This is MDM, Login manager of Linux Mint. You can install it from Mint's repository.
Here is the ppa:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mdm mint-mdm-themes

This will install MDM and themes, you'll be prompted to select the default Login manager upon installation so choose MDM.

This will work regardless of your desktop environment, MDM is a fork of GDM so I believe this will not hog up the system resources. I personally use LightDM on my Ubuntu 12.10.

Login window is the program shipped along to modify the settings of MDM, you can customize pretty much everything with Login Manager.

And for more themes and customization head over to gnome-look


In the past you could enable this behavior under lxde with various combinations of xscreensaver-command -lock and/or xss-lock, but these options apparently no longer work under systemd.

Assuming you are using lightdm (which you should be on Ubuntu), you can use light-locker to re-enable screenlocking on suspend/resume with xscreensaver:

sudo apt-get install light-locker

then reboot.

Automatic locking on resume will be re-enabled, but you will have two different lock screens.

When waking up, the screen will be locked with the lightdm-greeter screen.

When the xscreensaver starts after a period of inactivity, you will still see the normal xscreensaver unlock screen.


Set static IP address on Ubuntu server 16.04.2 LTS

Try to set up your network interface in that way:

auto enp2s0f0
iface enp2s0f0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.105
        network 192.168.0.0
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        broadcast 192.168.0.255
        gateway 192.168.0.1

Do not add more whitespace char before address, network etc. I think the one tab char will be enough.


Is Lubuntu Daily Build on 15-04-2014 = Lubuntu 14.04

Downloading the Lubuntu Daily .iso may not be the final release but once installed it will automatically update itself to the final on the day itself...  I have been using Lubuntu 14.04 beta 2 and with the daily updates will have the final release on the day itself also...


Is it possible to convert a non partitioned drive to an MBR partition with out losing data? (Ubuntu 12.04)

You cannot mount a drive for read/write that has no partitions on it.  If the drive has no partitions on it, then it is simply raw and means basically nothing.  Even in Windows, when you have one 'drive' - your C:\ drive is literally just a partition.  You need a partition to utilize the drive, the partition needs to exist (and the MBR must know about it) if it is to be mounted, then a file system driver must exist in order to access it.

It sounds as though you have a drive with one partition, since you mentioned it has data on it.  That is very different from an non-partitioned drive.  There is nothing dangerous about having a non-partitioned drive, in my opinion, especially if it's a 'data only' drive.

If the drive in question only has 1 partition, and that 1 partition is the mount point of /home, then you can re-install Ubuntu on whatever drive you use for your root partition (/) and simply mount the drive you're speaking of as /home, just like you must be doing now.

You have a partition on that drive or you don't have data on that drive.  I think your terminology is getting confused, I suggest you open a terminal in recovery mode and type:

sudo fdisk -l

I feel that will greatly benefit people trying to help you here.

PS:
I have a feeling what you mean is you have one partition, the shared libs are corrupted, and your home directory is mounted on this partition as well.  If this is the case, then you can simply copy your home partition off via:

sudo mkdir /mnt/old_home_folder
sudo mkdir /mnt/backup_drive
sudo mount -t ext4 /dev/sda1 /mnt/old_home_folder
sudo mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/backup_drive
cp -r /mnt/old_home_folder/<username> /mnt/backup_drive

Where "username" is your username, sda1 is your HDD where your home directory exists, and sdb is some HDD you plugged in.  This obviously varies a bit with setup so check what's going on with fdisk before doing anything.

Then you can re-install and copy it back to your new home directory.

Hope that helps you some, sorry I can't help more, it's a bit unclear what your setup is.


How to increase window edge resize grabbing distance in Xfce?

You can not.
All maintainers of all Linux distros, afaik, are proud to have them so tiny. User experience does NOT count. This annoying problem has been asked multiple times - no GUI maintainer seems interested.
"Solution"
Alt+right mouse = resize (most of the time)
Alt+ left mouse = move (no resize)


Why cant I drag and extend right arrow to increase the Partition size?

sda7 is part of extended partition sda2 which is in use.  Boot from a live USB or CD and perform the operation.  You will have to enlarge sda2 as well.


I was able to install ubuntu alongside windows 8 by reading the steps found on help.ubuntu.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot

I also found a helpful link that explains with pictures the steps to take on proceeding with this dual boot.
http://www.everydaylinuxuser.com/2013/09/install-ubuntu-linux-alongside-windows.html

Both of the mention backing up your windows partition and re-sizing the partition table. Be sure to read through those ares closely. Hope this helps.


Why do scripts ran via "sh *.sh" function differently than "./*.sh"?

When you run

sh rBackup.sh

the script rBackup.sh is being run by sh (dash) which does not support brace expansion.

On the other hand, when you do

./rBackup.sh

then the #!/bin/bash first line specifies the exact interpreter to use. It happens that bash supports brace expansion.

If you don't include a valid executable in the shebang line, you are simply running the script under the current shell you are in (or sh depending on the shell implementations).

Example: From bash:

$ cat scr.sh
echo {bar,spam}

$ sh scr.sh
{bar,spam}

$ ./scr.sh
bar spam

My login shell is zsh. Here are some points to note:

While at zsh, ./scr.sh is being sent to sh(dash)
While at bash, ./scr.sh is being sent to bash
While at ksh, ./scr.sh is being sent to ksh
While at dash, ./scr.sh is being sent to sh (dash)

To be on the safer side always try to mention the desired interpreter using shebang (first line of the script) e.g.:

#!/usr/bin/env bash


System tray isn't showing in Dash to Panel

Did the Steam tray icon actually not showing or it shows an icon but not showing a menu when clicked?

If the tray icon is showing but its menu not showing when clicked, then try configure Dash to Panel (via Gnome Tweak Tool) to move the panel to TOP. I hope this is the case.


You have three solutions depending on the use case.

If your disks are going to store a lot of data not accessed often and which do not need special read or write speed. And if you have a need for programs which will fit on the ssd, you can use your ssd separately to your zpool and format it simply as ext4.
If you need high read performance on your ZFS pool, you should use at least part of the ssd as l2arc cache. The ZFS filesystem caches data in ram first (arc cache), and can use a ssd to store a level 2 (l2 arc) cache. It will contain the files uses most frequently.
If instead you need fast write performance on your zfs pool, you can use your ssd as SLOG, which will cache the write requests before they are sequentially written to the spinning disks. However, it is a good practice to use a mirror of ssd to store the slog, as losing the ssd may corrupt recently written data.

In the first and third cases, beware of the reliability issues linked to the potential failure of the ssd.


Installing Ubuntu 14.04 black screen / freeze

I installed Ubuntu Server 14.04
Installed video drivers
Installed Ubuntu Desktop

Fixed my own problem.

Someone also informed me that the Minimal-CD will also provide a text based installation.


Mounting via cifs or sshfs at boot depending on wifi SSID

Why not create a user-land script that runs when you log in? Try to do the cifs mount in /etc/fstab, if it fails do the sshfs when you log in.

Just add this to your login scripts:

mount | grep -q 'myhomeserver' || sshfs mydyndns /mountpoint


Another solution using awk.

Create a new script changeLicense.awk like this:

{
  if (match($1,"^/\*.")!=0) {
     i = 0; flag = "false";
     comment[i++] = $0;
     while(getline > 0) {
       if (match($0,"Copyright") != 0) flag = "true";
       comment[i++] = $0;
       if (match($0,"\*/$")!=0) {
         if (flag == "false") {
           for (J=0; J<i; J++) print comment[J];
         }
         else {
          while ((getline line < newLicense) > 0)
               print line;
          close(newLicense);
         }
         next;
       }
     }
  }
  print;
}

This script looks for block of lines inside /* and */ and if commented lines block contains "Copyright" string then replace block with newLicense file content, otherwise preserve comment.

In order to change license in all file of your project:

 find /path/project -name "*.cpp" -exec bash -c 'awk -f /path/changeLicense.awk -v newLicense=/path/fileWithNewContent $1 > $1.new; mv $1.new $1' _ {} \;

This script runs changeLicense.awk on each .cpp file found in /path/project, put result in .new file and than replace original .cpp

Tested on lubuntu 12.04


The "compression" word seems to be misinterpreted in this question, but it's yet valid depending on the context you wish to see this.

The scenery

Let's face that Web designers, Web developers and/or Web masters need to "compress" our image files in order to make them enough "lightweight" to be quickly uploaded to our hosting if we're working directly on a real production environment. Which won't affect if we were working in a local testing production environment.

Many of the answers seems to refer to other things, mostly caused because of -probably- they haven't faced such scenery. That's why I start explaining this.

So. Let's understand what the answer need to solve:

The picture MUST be lightweight
The picture MUST be "compressed" in order to lose file size but not "rezised" as refered by another user who pointed to a duplicated on this question JPG batch compression & rename (find -exec, xargs, piping?)
The pictures should be batch compressed, preferably via a GUI.

Lightweight Picture

Let's first understand what a "lightweight picture" should be.

High Definition Pictures, with resolutions over 1024px may have a big file size. I provide an example on this screenshot:

In the file properties window we can see this is a 9.5 MB file, which will delay a lot to upload and will delay a lot in order to render on screen when published in a website.

Nevertheless, the image size and grid resolution is really useful for a high definition printing. So that's a different scenery which I won't cover in this explanation.

So, how can I use this image in a website, without waiting years in order to upload and waiting some other years in order to show it in my website?

The file should be compressed.

And when we talk about "compression" we explicitly need to change it's quality in order to make it usable for the case we are facing.

So, let's drop the next in a terminal:

convert seminario-tabloide.png test.jpg

This is going to convert the high definition PNG format into a "compressed" JPG format, which by itself is a smaller file! It goes from 9.5 MB to 2.4 MB.

Yet Big?

But, 2.4 MB is yet a big file size. Let's now play with some other ImageMagick convert commands in order to create smaller file sizes:

convert test.jpg -quality 50% test-50p.jpg

This is what we need to do in order to "compress" an image. This is going to reduce the image's quality by 50% and deliver a 938.4 KB <=== (Note: KILOBYTES, not even a Megabyte) filesize.

We can go further and create a smaller file size by adjusting the percentage in the same command via:

convert test.jpg -quality 30% test-30p.jpg

Please have in mind that in this example we're reducing the quality of the file, not the image dimensions. Which will result in a compressed file that it's not visually affected when rendered on screen, but you will see the artifacts when printing in a big paper size (bigger than letter).

Resizing + Compressing = Super Cool!

Now. We can do a different thing. A couple of things indeed: We can first resize the images and apply compression after that, which will result in a smaller file size than the original, and will deliver a useful image for rendering on screen, not so good for printing but it seems we need to display it on screen and not in a printed banner, right?

So let's do this:

convert seminario-tabloide.png -resize 1024x test-1024x.jpg

With this instruction, we are asking the image to be resized to be 1024 pixels wide by any amount of pixels needed in order not to lose aspect ratio.

Now... guess what?

The file size reduced from 9.5 MB to... (suspense music with congas please) 433.7 KILOBYTES

If we wish to maximum compress a maximum compressed file like this, we'll face some overhead data inserted in the file and it will result in a bigger file size. So I won't suggest you to try but if you are expecting me to do the example, ok... Here we go!

convert test-1024x.jpg -quality 50% test-1024x-50p.jpg

And we went from a 433.7 KB to a 176.2 KB in a single command. This example was successful, nevertheless don't expect any exercises to result in smaller file sizes. But you can have lots of fun when running this kind of exercises.

Batch process

Oh! But I almost forget one of the needs: To apply this process to lots of pictures with ease.

For such thing we can do it with two processes.

The terminal

This is faster, and easier. So let's tell the terminal we need to run the same instruction in all the files in a directory, after which I'll explain other instruction.

Convert all to 1024px (you can use any pixels amount)

for i in *; do convert $i -resize 1024x $i-1024x.jpg; done;

Here we're asking the command to run the same instruction for all the files in a directory, apply the transformation and drop a copy with a different name in order to make it easy to select.

Reduce quality by percentage (use any percentage you may wish) to all the pictures in a directory:

for i in *-1024x.jpg; do convert $i -quality 50% $i-50p.jpg; done;

Here we are asking the resized images to be reduced in quality in order to make its filesize smaller.

You can play with these commands and see your results. After a couple of hours having fun you will be an expert.

Nautilus Script

On April 20, 2015 I faced such situation as the original question, so I had to do some research and ask for help on a question. That's why now I know a lot of this. Don't think I borned with this knowledge, man.

If you're not used to terminals and/or wish to use a GUI in order to simply choose your groups of files and apply the transformations, you can create your own Nautilus Actions Script in order to simply right click the group of files and choose an option from the context menu.

For instructions on how to do such thing please read both the question, answer and comments here: How to batch process JPG images to change its quality with Nautilus-Actions?

Good luck!


Question about what are included in crash reports

In the terminal, one can find out easily:

w3@aardvark:~(0)$ ll /var/crash
total 340
-rw-r----- 1 w3 whoopsie 341500 Aug  4 11:38 _usr_lib_x86_64-linux-gnu_webkit2gtk-3.0_libexec_WebKitWebProcess.1003.crash

w3@aardvark:~(0)$ sudo file /var/crash/_usr_lib_x86_64-linux-gnu_webkit2gtk-3.0_libexec_WebKitWebProcess.1003.crash
/var/crash/_usr_lib_x86_64-linux-gnu_webkit2gtk-3.0_libexec_WebKitWebProcess.1003.crash: ASCII text

I have one crash report, and it is ASCII text. You can read it (permissions allowing) with any one of the many, many Linux text tools (more, less, vi, emacs, libreoffice, ...).

It looks like my crash file has the following sections get the size of each section by subtracting the previous line number):

w3@aardvark:~(1)$ sudo egrep -n '^[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]+:' /var/crash/_usr_lib_x86_64-linux-gnu_webkit2gtk-3.0_libexec_WebKitWebProcess.1003.crash
1:ProblemType: Crash
2:Architecture: amd64
3:CurrentDesktop: Unity
4:Date: Thu Aug  4 11:34:52 2016
5:DistroRelease: Ubuntu 14.04
6:ExecutablePath: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/webkit2gtk-3.0/libexec/WebKitWebProcess
7:ExecutableTimestamp: 1458166478
8:ProcCmdline: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/webkit2gtk-3.0/libexec/WebKitWebProcess 15
9:ProcCwd: /home/w3
10:ProcEnviron:
17:ProcMaps:
5383:ProcStatus:
5425:Signal: 11
5426:Uname: Linux 3.13.0-92-generic x86_64
5427:UserGroups: adm cdrom dialout dip libvirtd lp lpadmin mail plugdev root sambashare sudo tty video wireshark

I don't see where your user data would go, and upon inspection of my crash file, I don't see any leaking data (beyond what you can glean from the above.

You can inspect your crash files in /var/crash.


apt-get says Version was not found but it is there

No, the version is not there. You are on 13.10 and have added the repository for 13.10, not 14.04. Replace the 14.04.1 in the version string with 13.10.1 to install the package, assuming the recipe is built for 13.10 as well as 14.04.


Try hitting alt+F2 and type update-manager --d


How to remove added (not installed) dkms

See:  http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/man8/dkms.8.html

In the link it is stated:

   remove [module/module-version] [-k kernel/arch] [--all]

       Removes  a module/version or module/version/kernel/arch combination from the tree.  If
       the module is currently installed, it first uninstalls  it  and  if  applicable,  will
       replace  it  with  its  original_module.   Use the --all option in order to remove all
       instances for every kernel at once.

Since the module you want to remove doesn't have a kernel associated with it the command to remove it would be:

dkms remove rtl88x2bu/5.2.4.4 --all

Where you only need to specify the module/version then --all to remove module completely from the system.


Bluetooth won't turn on since upgrading to 16.04

I added it to startup

gksudo gedit /etc/rc.local

rfkill unblock bluetooth

And now it's working. Hope it keeps that way


How to install using my internal hard drive?

UNetbootin Frugal Install
You can use a UNetbootin Frugal Install, https://sourceforge.net/p/unetbootin/wiki/installmodes/,  to create a temporary Ubuntu Live install on the corner of your Windows hard disk. You can boot this frugal install and use it to install Ubuntu to unused space on the same hard disk.
In UNetbootin select Type: = Hard Disk. On the next boot after installing Ubuntu, you will be given the oppertunity to remove the frugal install completely.

I also managed to install Ubuntu using a cell phone: Installing Ubuntu Using Cell Phone Only


.ovpn-configuration (sophos) file can not be imported

Maybe it's related to know Bug?

cannot import saved openVPN configuration file in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Try commenting out the following line, I was able to successfully import the VPN config:

route remote_host 255.255.255.255 net_gateway default


well maybe your hardware does not support OpenGL 3.1+, but there is a workaround. You can use Software Rendering (LLVMpipe). In order to do that you have to run:

LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE=1 *command*

where command is your program of choice. Example:

LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE=1 glxgears

On steam you should put in Right Click on Game->Properties->Set Launch Options

LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE=1 %command%

However the games might (and will) run slow! It is strongly recommended to
buy a new laptop/ update your graphics card.

At this point of time LLVMpipe supports up to OpenGL 3.3.(NOTE: i have Ubuntu 14.04 and lower mesa version than you)

LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE=1 glxinfo | grep OpenGL

OpenGL vendor string: VMware, Inc.
OpenGL renderer string: Gallium 0.4 on llvmpipe (LLVM 3.6, 256 bits)
OpenGL core profile version string: 3.3 (Core Profile) Mesa 10.5.9
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 3.30
OpenGL core profile context flags: (none)
OpenGL core profile profile mask: core profile
OpenGL core profile extensions:
OpenGL version string: 3.0 Mesa 10.5.9
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.30
OpenGL context flags: (none)
OpenGL extensions:


How do I send GET and POST requests using Curl?

Seems like you following a tutorial or book and this is a cheeky way to test if you got the basics down.

  Calling http://103.200.7.150:7777/ via curl or browser yields the following output:

  Please send me request method GET and POST with params "gimmeflag" and value "please"

Let's break it down into two parts since you want to know how its done with curl (see man 1 curl or the curl manual).

Using GET to send your request:

This one is pretty easy if you know how a query-string looks like.

  On the World Wide Web, a query string is the part of a uniform resource locator (URL) containing data that does not fit conveniently into a hierarchical path structure. The query string commonly includes fields added to a base URL by a Web browser or other client application, for example as part of an HTML form.

  A web server can handle a Hypertext Transfer Protocol request either by reading a file from its file system based on the URL path or by handling the request using logic that is specific to the type of resource. In cases where special logic is invoked, the query string will be available to that logic for use in its processing, along with the path component of the URL.(source)

You want to send a parameter gimmeflag and a value please. So the line you want to request with curl is :

curl -X GET http://103.200.7.150:7777/?gimmeflag=please

  The result you get back from the server:

  KSL{n0w_y0u_Know_How_To

Using POST to send your request:

Given the GET line the POST is pretty easy too just replace GET by POST:

curl -X POST http://103.200.7.150:7777/?gimmeflag=please

  The result you get back from the server:

  _S3nD_r3quesT_Meth0d_GET_AND_POST}

To conclude this:

# Thanks to @pa4080 for this line
printf '%s%s\n' \
"$(curl -X GET http://103.200.7.150:7777/?gimmeflag=please 2>/dev/null)" \
"$(curl -X POST http://103.200.7.150:7777/?gimmeflag=please 2>/dev/null)"

  KSL{n0w_y0u_Know_How_To_S3nD_r3quesT_Meth0d_GET_AND_POST}


execute a shell script when USB is connected

Use the udev rules described in the other question to run a local script. The local script can look for a file on the newly-mounted device and execute it.

(That's kind of risky for security if you think about it.)


What the best way to install the graphics drivers for a Radeon HD 8550M on a Intel 4005u system?

Last year I built an AMD A6-6400K Home Theater PC (HTPC) with Ubuntu 14.04 LTS. The A6 has a dual port GPU processor built in.

It worked great until an Ubuntu update on Dec 12, 2014. I had been using the X-org X-server wrappers (open source, tested) until recently. But these wrappers don't work anymore.

Now I am using the latest AMD proprietary device drivers. This was a challenge.

Here is a screen shot of my current "Additional Drivers". What many don't know is that the easiest way to install the AMD fglrx driver suite is to select option 2 or 3 below. But these do not give you the latest drivers from AMD.

I have downloaded the latest AMD drivers from here and carefully followed the instructions here. Four custom .deb files are created in a directory.

Unfortunately following the instructions failed to properly install the AMD Catalyst Control Center on my system.  This was corrected by doing the following:

cd <wherever the .deb files are>
dpkg -P fglrx-amdcccle
dpkg -i fglrx-amdccle_<whatever_version_is_here>.deb

After a successful install, the Synaptic Package Manager should display something like the following after filtering out `fglrx':

Note the 2:14.501 version tag. The current updated Ubuntu LTS default is 2:13.350.

The CCC lets you configure and tweak your AMD graphics, The instructions above discuss dual GPU configurations. Read them carefully. And maybe there is some way in the BIOS to disable the Haswell Mobile or select the AMD GPU.

Good luck. I use the Ubuntu 32 bit OS and the Radeon 8470D driver on the A6-6400K. One of the defaults was an 8% underscan. This made my 50 inch TV display a 46 inch picture. I have no idea why this would be a default. But everything works great again.

Your mileage may vary.


Ryan Lester solved the problem in his question:

  Edit: Ended up solving this one by updating to the Quetzal 3.5 kernel and the latest X from Ubuntu-X-Swat.


NS3 is in Main Ubuntu Repository

You can simply install it by:

sudo apt-get install ns3


Where are the configuration files that correspond to the system settings menu stored?

Ah.  I understand and sympathize.  My solution to this problem is as follows:

Install a new ubuntu in the VM, with a suitable name.
Make a copy of the entire directory of the VM.
Screw around with the running VM until it breaks
Restore my copy of the clean vm...


Can I repair Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS with Live-CD?

First make a bootable iso of your current drive in case something goes wrong. You can do this with http://clonezilla.org/. You can find the newest kernel at http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2014/08/install-upgrade-linux-kernel-3-16/.


How do I upgrade Lubuntu 14.04.03 LTS to the current official none-LTS Lubuntu?

You CAN upgrade to Lubuntu/Ubuntu 15.10. See the steps below to upgrade from 14.04 to 15.10.

Open "Software & Updates" in the Menu.
Select the "Updates" tab.
Select the drop-down box next to "Notify me of a new Ubuntu version:"
Select "For any new version" from the list displayed.
Close the window and open "Software Updater".
Let it check for updates and it will notify you about the new Lubuntu/Ubuntu 15.04 release.
Upgrade to the newer version!


Why does cfdisk give me an "Unsupported GPT" error?

You appear to have a GPT partition table and cfdisk will NOT work with those (only MBR supported). Please use cgdisk instead :)
Normal usage of cgdisk on GPT hard disks
Just start it as sudo cgdisk, and you can interactively perform operations. If you have a desktop or X installed, a GUI alternative such as gparted may be preferable.


Grant writing permission to /snap devices

There is a snap application called 'overlay' - you can install it via Snap Store. This little app makes it possible to remount a snap read/write. However, it needs to be repeated every time the system starts up, so you have to write a script that is called on system startup, which remounts the particular snap r/w using 'overlay' and copies the needed files there. (Actually you don't have to use the 'overlay' application, you can remount a snap r/w using just 'mount' command with overlayfs, but that application simplifies it).


14.04 cannot output sounds to hdmi audio device

First, be aware for that display port to HDMI does not always transfer sound. Everything in your setup must be able to use DP for sound, even the adapter. Not all DP adapters will transfer sound. That being said, try alsamixer in terminal and change the settings there. If that does not work run sudo apt-get install pavucontrol and change your audio settings through there.


There is currently no way, at least not a known easy way, to start lightning directly from command line. There is a bug tracking here: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=359807

You can add yourself to the CC list (as what i did) to get updated about this feature request.

Sunbird is the standalone calendar, but it has been discontinued by Mozilla, so I cannot recommend it for you.


Update for anyone who needs it:

The wireless module did not start after rebooting so I ran
sudo modprobe -v rt2800usb

and the wireless worked immediately.

I then removed the blacklisted drivers (which I added earlier) from /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

Next I added rt2800usb to /etc/modules. Rebooted and my wireless starts up automatically.

Sorted


How does Linux deal with depreciation? What does depreciation mean to Linux?

Exactly what #3 in https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/deprecate states.

3   : to withdraw official support for or discourage the use of (something, such as a software product) in favor of a newer or better alternative

When they deprecate an application it is indeed to move one to something better.  apt-key has been deprecated in Ubuntu 20.10, but that doesn't mean that it doesn't work still, it is that they are going to officially end support for it in favor of signed-by.  ifconfig is another example of a deprecated app that is no longer getting official support but still works.  It has been deprecated for ip.  The list goes on.
Hope this helps shed some light.


Yes.  I'd suggest following the Kubuntu release notes and Upgrade instructions
Command is, if from a GUI terminal (eg. kconsole)
do-release-upgrade -m desktop -f DistUpgradeViewKDE

but please read the release notes and follow the upgrade instructions rather than copy/paste from this answer (alternatives exist if you prefer all in the konsole; and reminders you should ensure you're fully upgraded etc).


As all the existing docs didn't help you it's quite unlikely that just writing a new one will work better for you.

Instead please follow the explanation given in the Ubuntu Server Guide and tell us what doesn't work for you and what additional questions you have.


Fresh Install and partitioning Problem and Doubts

Everything looks perfectly normal. You probably don't even need swap with 6Gb of RAM unless you simulate nuclear reactions on your laptop.

So, as they said in that ad, you can reinstall your system with swap and separate /home partition if you want to, but if you don't want to then you don't have to. :)

Regarding the sda5 being "inside" sda2: the latter is an extended partition - due to limitations of MBR partitioning scheme hard drive can contain at most 4 "primary" partitions. To overcome this restriction, an "extended" partition may be created which acts as a container for more partitions. This is absolutely normal.

Regarding "not yet supported": I suppose this means crypt-luks partitions are not yet fully supported by gparted (maybe they can't be resized or something like that). I understand that you can boot your system, so indeed it IS supported by the OS.


graphics hardware acceleration 16.04 radeon

Possibly you need to execute:

export VDPAU_DRIVER=radeonsi
export LIBVA_DRIVER_NAME=radeonsi

so that the right driver is selected (maybe radeon instead of radeonsi).


Trying to install phpmyadmin but can't move from one folder to /var/www

You need to set the proper filesystem privileges:

sudo chown <youruser>:www-data /var/www
sudo chmod 0775 /var/www
sudo chmod g+s /var/www

Replace <youruser> with your own username. No logout/login required.


MRTG installation on Ubuntu and monitoring RPI

There are a few ways to accomplish just that:

Enclose the entire command using single quotes like this:

sudo bash -c 'cfgmaker public@192.168.1.126 > /etc/mrtg.cfg'

Create a script in ~/bin

#!/bin/bash
cfgmaker public@192.168.1.126 > /etc/mrtg.cfg

and execute that with sudo:

sudo MyScript.sh

Run sudo --shell and execute:

cfgmaker public@192.168.1.126 > /etc/mrtg.cfg


Want GNOME theme back to default with no taskbar at the bottom

Update: I just noticed that they may be using Fedora... so this probably won't apply...

Open the Tweak Tool.

Adjust the three settings that I show to reset your theme...

Disable unnecessary extensions and set the prefs on the remaining...


Rhythmbox play no sound after changing output device

You may have ended up with erroneous user settings for Pulse Audio. To restore default settings we may delete its hidden configuration directory in ~/.pulse (or ~/.config/pulse, depending on release version). This directory will be recreated to default settings after restarting pulseaudio.

mv ~/.pulse/ ~/.pulse.bak/  ## removes erroneous user audio settings
pulseaudio -k               ## restarts the sound server

If this does not resolve your issue please try with additional steps I gave in my answer to the following question:

Sound not working for uid=1003 but working fine for uid=1000


In bash, you can perform case conversions easily e.g. if var="vAlUe" then

$ echo "${var^^}"
VALUE

while

$ echo "${var,,}"
value

You can use this to make you comparison case-insensitive by converting both arguments to the same case, i.e.

if [ "${first,,}" == "${second,,}" ]; then
  echo "equal"
fi

or

if [ "${first^^}" == "${second^^}" ]; then
  echo "equal"
fi

Another approach is to use the bash nocasematch option (thanks @Tshilidzi_Mudau), although this appears to work only with the [[ ... ]] extended test operator:

$ first=abc; second=ABC
$ (shopt -s nocasematch; if [[ "$first" == "$second" ]]; then echo "Match"; else echo "No match"; fi)
Match

but

$ (shopt -s nocasematch; if [ "$first" == "$second" ]; then echo "Match"; else echo "No match"; fi)
No match
~$


One language on logon screen and system on Ubuntu 20.04

Would switching the session language give the desired result? [Taken from help.ubuntu.com]

Ubunto 20.04 switched to using ibus, which if I recall correctly has a handy little keyboard shortcut <Alt>+<Shift>+L for toggling between languages. This would be a good solultion to keeping both languages while not interrupting workflow.


How to get Diamond Extreme 7.1 in Natty working

Lets see what your system sees your Sound card as! Type in Terminal  lspci -v | less  This will check your computer's motherboard, and attempt to list out all devices that it's recognized as installed. There is probably a lot of things listed, but the one you're looking for will be labeled Audio device.

Most users have a "built in" sound card for their computer on the motherboard. If yours is built in, and isn't showing up in this step, then you probably need to enable it in your BIOS. When you first boot, or reboot your computer, there's usually a key sequence telling you how to enter the BIOS Configuration Screen. You'll need to sort through your BIOS and enable the built in sound card.

If you are not using a built in sound card, and this step does not show your audio card, the card may be seated incorrectly on your motherboard, or may be bad or otherwise incompatible with your motherboard. You will probably want to test the card in another computer to see if it works there.


It seems that gnome-terminal ignores GTK_THEME as DK Bose suggested.


cloning several hardrives using the dd command

You're just being limited by the internal transfer rate of the PCI bus of your computer.  If you want higher speeds, you'll have to stop using a PC and upgrade to server hardware.  For further information see Intel's specifications sheet for the C220 Series Chipset.

Furthermore, you don't need to develop this software as it already exists: CloneZilla Server. That one however, works using the network, so there you will need an extremely fast server with lots of memory to cache everything and High-speed Ethernet or multiple Gigabit cards to be able to serve all the PC's you want to image simultaneously (not forgetting about a high-speed Ethernet switch.

If you still insist on developing your own internal solution, we'll need to have a bit more background information on what you're trying to accomplish as e.g. adding the --sparse parameter to your dd command might speed things up tremendously!  Other options might be partclone or ddrescue or even LVM snapshots but all these depend on your use case.


WiFi disabled by hardware switch after I poured water on my laptop keyboard

We doubt that you need both dell-wmi and dell-laptop to be loaded. Let's try removing one and see if it helps. From the terminal:

sudo modprobe -r dell-laptop
sudo rfkill unblock all
rfkill list all

Is there any improvement? If this helps, let's blacklist the module:

sudo -i
echo "blacklist dell-laptop"  >>  /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
exit

If it does not help, I will edit my answer to propose another solution.

EDIT: You confirmed that blacklisting dell-laptop did not help. Let's blacklist dell-wmi instead.

From the terminal:

sudo -H gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit. Change the last line from blacklist dell-laptop to instead read:

blacklist dell-wmi

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor. Reboot.

Is there any improvement?

EDIT 2: Perhaps the airplane mode switch will respond if you remove both modules. Since dell-wmi is now blacklisted and not loaded, temporarily remove dell-laptop. From the terminal:

sudo modprobe -r dell-laptop
sudo rfkill unblock all
rfkill list all

Any improvement?

If not, then the only suspicion I have that remains is that the circuitry in the wireless card or in the airplane mode switch has become damaged by the spilled water. I know of no operating system method to correct this.

My last suggestion is to remove the wireless card from the laptop and try a USB wireless device. This post offers some suggestions for finding fully supported, plug and play devices: https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2359573&p=13639455#post13639455


This is not a solution but always before upgrading I run sudo apt-get update to update the repositories, you can also add && to run them at the same time.

Moving on a fresh install of kubuntu coming from windows. I found chrome to be insanly unstable as in crash 5 times in a row after loading up.

With that said there is a good remedy out there in the form of chromium, which the linux community perfers over chrome. I logged into my google account sync everything, most of my plugins and almost all my information was transferred. I think one or two plugins were left, but that might have been because they were on my windows machine and didn't sync them.


How to install cx_freeze 5.0.2 for python 3.5.2?

cx-Freeze can be installed using pip from the python-pip package in the default Ubuntu repositories. pip has been updated to the latest version (pip-9.0.1) using the command sudo -H pip2 install --upgrade pip

sudo pip install cx_Freeze
Collecting cx_Freeze
Installing collected packages: cx-Freeze
Successfully installed cx-Freeze-5.0.2

>>> import cx_Freeze
>>> dir(cx_Freeze)
['ConfigError', 'ConstantsModule', 'Executable', 'Freezer', 'Module', 'ModuleFinder', '__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '__package__', '__path__', '__version__', 'bdist_rpm', 'build', 'build_exe', 'common', 'hooks', 'install', 'install_exe', 'main', 'setup', 'sys', 'version']

To install cx_Freeze for Python 3.x use pip3 from the python3-pip package in the default Ubuntu repositories and update pip3 to the latest version using the command: sudo -H pip3 install --upgrade pip


Shortcut keys clashing with IntellIj Shortcut keys. How to resolve this?

IntelliJ case
Go to: File | Settings | Keymap and change to Alt+L for instance:

Or Ubuntu case:
Go to System Settings | Keyboard and change Lock screen option:


The answer to this for 14.04 is clear:  No.

As the great discussion in the comments suggest, 16.04 is the way forward if you want openssl 1.0.2


Not all Linux installations displayed in GRUB. How to fix?

Have you tried running "sudo update-grub" to see if it detects the other system?


Please, check https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Install for the details. I think there is no an "official" release. Even I can't find the Nexus 5 among the working devices.


This is where dd and /dev/zero can save the day:

Open Terminal (if it's not already open)
Use dd:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdc bs=4096

That'll zero it out ... in more ways than one.

How Does This Work?
dd is an incredibly versatile means to convert and copy a file. The documentation contains a full list of the operands that are available, but I'll just focus on the items in the command above, one element at a time.

Command / Operand
Purpose

dd
The command

if
"In File"The source data to be converted and copied

of
"Out File"The destination location for the converted data

bs
"Block Size"The number of bytes to read/write at a time

Reading /dev/zero will result in an endless series of zeroes. There are a number of alternatives that people might reach for if a zero is either unnecessary or not ideal, such as /dev/random and /dev/urandom which are random number generators.
The /dev/sdc location is a storage device. If there is a number after the final letter, such as /dev/sdc1, then it is a distinct partition on that storage device. By writing to /dev/sdc rather than /dev/sdc1 you are telling dd to essentially scrub the storage medium of its superblock and all media descriptors, effectively eliminating any partitions that might have existed on the device.
So, putting this all together, the command above tells the computer to do this:
Using dd ...

Read an endless series of zeroes from /dev/zero
Write it directly to the device located at /dev/sdc
Write in blocks of 4096 bytes at a time

And, of course, there is no "undo". Once this process starts, it will go until either you cancel the operation with a Ctrl+C, or the destination device runs out of space.
A Slight Aside
I generally run this command on all new storage devices when I first buy them. It allows me to completely scrub anything that might already exist on the drive while also testing write speed and looking for bad blocks. Twice I have found problems with USB sticks by doing this, and I was able to exchange them with the seller for properly working ones without any trouble after showing the results of the dd and subsequent disk checks. It is a very handy utility but, be warned, it will never ask "Are you sure?" before obliterating a partition, and there is no undo. If you make a mistake, you need to have good, recent backups ready.
And you should always have good, recent backups ready anyway
I hope this answers your question ... and then some.


Custom launchers don't work like normal launchers, and allow application switching?

In Gedit or a text editor create the file below and save it to your desktop with a name like "chrome-file-access.desktop" Then drag the icon onto the launcher. Change the icon image to something unique.

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Name=Chrome File Access
Exec=/opt/google/chrome/chrome --allow-file-access-from-files
Icon=/home/Pictures/my_icon_here.png


Installing ubuntu on a Lenovo Thinkpad x201

Type crtl + alt + f2 -- > if you made an account login
Then sudo service lightdm restart


How can some binary expressed in ASCII 0s and 1s be converted to a binary file?

I don't know why you'd want to do that, but perhaps you could use Perl's oct to convert each 8-bit binary substring into its numeric value and print that as a char:

perl -pe 's/([01]{8})/sprintf "%c", oct("0b$1")/ge'

Ex.

$ printf 'foo bar\nbaz\n' |
    { echo obase=2; hexdump -ve'/1 "%u\n"' ; } | bc | xargs printf %08i |
    perl -pe 's/([01]{8})/sprintf "%c", oct("0b$1")/ge'
foo bar
baz


Thinkpad r31 usb install (K / X / L)ubuntu

The BIOS of the R31 doesn't support booting from an USB pendrive/HDD. You can check it here.

The R31 can't boot from USB pendrive/HDD/CD but it can boot from an USB FDD. There is a minimal chance that you have an USB FDD lying at home, but if you have, use that one to make a bootable FDD containing a boot manager (GRUB or plop as it is mentioned more for this method.) and configure the boot manager to boot the USB drive.

That page also suggests that you laptop has an internal FDD so if it is working you can use that one the same way.

If you don't have an FDD drive I think you shouldn't buy one, as buying a new optical drive for your laptop would be likely cheaper anyway.

You may also try booting from network as your laptop supports it. This process is described here.


I think you are using Ubuntu as live mode with your flash drive,
First of all you need to make your Ubuntu bootable flash drive with "reserved space" for store your extra installation of software and user files!

[When starting up from your flash drive , documents, extra installed software, plug-in and settings will be stored in reserved extra space, more over you can select how much space for allowcating for this purpose when you making a bootable flash drive]


All display managers boot into Gnome Classic (No effects)

The issue wasn't with the display managers but with gnome itself. I completely uninstalled gnome-shell and then logged in. I had lost both Unity and Gnome and wasn't able to use the computer.

I installed Gnome again via the tty terminal  (Alt+F1) and now I'm working in the pretty environment again.


This was on the latest daily builds, it's not official, yet.
As http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2011/05/chromium-daily-adds-unity-progress-bar points out, you can download and install that build from https://launchpad.net/~chromium-daily/+archive/ppa


I can present to you a simple hack for this problem, use it if none of  the legit solutions solved your problem. I am assuming you have a UEFI boot system.

As Windows keeps changing the boot order, the hack is to trick Windows to recognize Ubuntu grub as Windows boot file i.e. bootmgfw.efi

  Part 1: Accessing EFI folder on Windows

Open cmd as administrator and mount the EFI folder to access it. Execute  the following commands one bye one. Below I have assigned letter g to the mount, make sure you assign a unassigned letter in your PC.

mountvol g: /s
g:
cd EFI\

You should see a Microsoft folder and Ubuntu folder within EFI.

  Part 2: Copy grubx64.efi from Ubuntu to Microsoft\Boot\ as bootmgfw.efi

First create a backup of bootmgfw.efi

cd Microsoft\Boot\
rename bootmgfw.efi bootmgfw_.efi

Now do the copy and rename.

copy g:\EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi g:\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\
rename grubx64.efi bootmgfw.efi

  Part 3: Unmount the EFI folder

Execute the following commands one by one.

c:
mountvol g: /d

Now reboot your PC and you should see Ubuntu grub load up which should have and option Windows UEFI loader to boot Windows as well.

Hope I was helpful.


Nvidia driver does not load even with Secure Boot disabled

I found the issue. I'm not sure if it helps with anyone else but it helped me. Apparently, I had switched to my intel driver using the prime-select command. So, all I needed to do was to switch back to nvidia:

sudo prime-select nvidia

But why I still had a video output from my Nvidia card and not my Intel card, is an issue for another post.


Packet Tracer 7.2 on Ubuntu 19.04 no version information available

You can try downloading one from 18.10 repository, since it's yet to be available on 19.04.

wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openssl1.0/libssl1.0.0_1.0.2n-1ubuntu6.2_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libssl1.0.0_1.0.2n-1ubuntu6.2_amd64.deb


The process is still running in the 'foreground'. Freeze the process:

Press ctrl+z

Then type bg to send the process to the background. Your prompt will come back.

Or, just open a new terminal ;)

More importantly, don't use sudo nautilus, do sudo -i nautilus. Using sudo with graphical applications is a really bad idea, as explained in answers here

I would launch Nautilus as root like this:

sudo -i
nautilus >/dev/null 2>&1 & disown
exit

sudo -i start a root shell
>/dev/null 2>&1 this stops any output from the program (such as the Gtk warnings that I can safely ignore) being printed to the terminal and interrupting me
& send the process to the background
disown the process is no longer a child of the shell, so will stay open when I close the shell or the terminal window
exit close the root shell to drop privileges (but nautilus stays open with root privilege until you close it)


High availability file server with Ubuntu Cloud

You may want to look into CEPH. It is a highly scalable, highly fault tolerant distributed filesystem. Even if your clients are Windows, you can have a single CEPH filesystem that balances across all 4 machines, and then just run Samba on one of them.

It is available by running apt-get install ceph. Setting it up is pretty straight forward, though there are multiple steps so you'll want to read the docs:

http://ceph.com/wiki/Ceph


How to move/resize partitions & take profit of available space

The first I did was that "another option" I posted...

  Another option would be just formatting that unallocated space as ext4, move the contents of /dev/sda7, and then deleting it, and then... could I resize /dev/sda8 to gain that 100G of deleted /dev/sda7?

After that: boot from Live USB, open gparted & delete /dev/sda7

Now, the big mistake... :(

Drag & drop /dev/sda6 to right. This was the only way (I think) to resize /dev/sda8 with the 100G of deleted /dev/sda7

With this, I got the desired size of partitions but a broken grub (I suppose /dev/sda6 position in disk was relevant), with nice grub rescue message when trying to boot the new system

How I fixed this? (after several tries... following some tutorials which didn't worked, and even trying to install a new Ubuntu alongside in free space, assuming that should rebuild grub... which didn't happened)

Again, boot from Live USB, open terminal and login as root sudo -s

(/dev/sda was used from Live system, so the partition with working system was /dev/sdb8)

mount /dev/sdb8 /mnt
grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/sdb
grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdb

Reboot, and... grub was working again :)


Dell Studio 1749 i5 overheats with Ubuntu

mate, I have the exact same laptop and not so long ago someone spilt beer on it, which prompted me to open it up.

after taking it apart using a video tutorial on youtube (alternatively you can use the service manual) I found the CPU cooling fan was clogged very badly. obviously my problem was alot worse than yours (had to replace motherboard and ram) but now I have it running again all cleaned with isopropyl-alcohol (99.9% alcohol) it barely exceeds room temp, when before the same as yours it would literally boil my hands and when playing large games it would turn itself off to protect itself!

so, the service manual is here: ftp://ftp.dell.com/Manuals/all-products/esuprt_laptop/esuprt_studio_laptop/studio-1749_Service%20Manual_en-us.pdf

take it apart, or get someone with experience to do so for you if you don't feel comfortable , and clear all the fluff from the heat-sinks and cooling fan.

if that doesn’t help enough (it will help some) buy some good-quality thermal putty (the more you spend the better but mine was about £7/$10) and, still using the service man ( I didn’t at first and regretted it) remove the heat-sinks and clean the old putty off with isopropyl making sure it is really, really clean and apply the new stuff sparsely, you don’t need much and if you use too much if wont be as effective.

I did all this with no electronics or computer tech experience and minimal help from a family member with experience, it's quite a simple procedure if you use the manual.
Hope this helps,
one love


Mouse & touchpad sensitivity settings have no effect - Xubuntu 16.04.3

sudo apt remove xserver-xorg-input-libinput && sudo apt install xserver-xorg-input-evdev
It helped me with the same issue


Shutdown from terminal without entering password?

Open up a terminal (CTRL + T)
and type the following  sudo visudo

Add the following line:

%group_name ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/poweroff, /sbin/reboot, /sbin/shutdown

or

user_name ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/poweroff, /sbin/reboot, /sbin/shutdown

This allows the user/group to run the above three commands, using sudo, however with no password.

So, sudo poweroff will now result in a passwordless shutdown.

However, to make this even cleaner, we'll add an alias, so that running shutdown calls sudo shutdown now.

Open ~/.bash_aliases for editing.

nano ~/.bash_aliases

Insert the following line at the end of the file:

alias shutdown='sudo shutdown now'

Finally, load the changes to the .bash_aliases file...

source ~/.bash_aliases

Try it out!

shutdown

Thanks, Eric.


Unable to access 64gb volume - Ubuntu 14.04

There is no need to add extra repo. If you are using Ubuntu 14.04, exfat-fuse and exfat-utils packages are present in Universe repository.

Enable it (if it is not enabled)  using

sudo add-apt-repository universe

Update your software list using

sudo apt-get update

Now you can install it  using

  sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utils


My network applet thingy has dissapeared

I had to right click the top bar, choose Add to panel and add the Notification area


When I try to install a .deb file it takes me to Ubuntu Software Center and doesn't install

Gdebi is the best gui tool out there.

sudo apt install gdebi

I don't use Gdebi wright now because I'm in Kubuntu and avoid gtk apps. What I do is use the file ~/.local/share/applications/install_deb_term.desktop with the lines

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Install in terminal with apt
Comment=Install deb files in terminal with apt
Exec=sudo apt install %f
Icon=gdebi
Terminal=true
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
Categories=GNOME;GTK;Settings;HardwareSettings;X-GNOME-Settings-Panel;System;

then select the deb file, "Open with" and select "Install in terminal"...


I will outline the usual process to compile the files. This may or may not compile on your 3.19-xx kernel. If not, post the errors and I will propose another solution.

First, remove the device. Next, in the terminal, with a temporary internet connection by ethernet, tethered or whatever means possible:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get -y upgrade
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential

Next, navigate to the location of the Makefile; in my case:

cd ~/Downloads/DPA_MT7601U_LinuxAP_3.0.0.1_20130802/DPA_MT7601U_LinuxAP_3.0.0.1_20130802

Now let's try a trial compilation:

make

If there are errors, please post them here and we'll attempt to fix them. If there are no errors (warnings may be OK), then install:

sudo make install

Insert the device. Is your wireless now working?

EDIT: Since we know now that the driver files included with your device will not compile in kernel version 3.19-xx, please try:

sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/art567/mt7601usta.git
cd mt7601/src
make
sudo make install
sudo mkdir -p /etc/Wireless/RT2870STA/
sudo cp RT2870STA.dat /etc/Wireless/RT2870STA/
sudo modprobe mt7601Usta

Please post any errors as before.

You have compiled the driver for your current kernel version only. When Update Manager offers a later kernel version, known as linux-image, after the requested reboot, recompile:

cd mt7601/src
make clean
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe mt7601Usta

Please retain the file and these instructions for that time.


Do have a look at the port number used by nginx. Most of the times, if another web-server was installed (e.g. apache standalone, or lamp) and improperly removed, the default port 80 will be occupied.

Best bet is to first check if the port number is occupied by using
"netstat" to check the presently using ports.

netstat -antp

If 80 is occupied, then try the following

open nginx.conf and change the server port number to 8080
save and exit
restart nginx by:

sudo service nginx restart or /etc/init.d/nginx restart

Check if the above is working and do the necessary changes later.


How do I disable global gnome shortcuts in gnome-terminal?

I'm not sure if this is a new feature or not but there is an option:

go to edit - keyboard preferences - unckeck "Enable menu access keys (Such as Alt+F to open the File menu)"


Ubuntu does not detect wifi/bt combo card BCM4330 (AP6383)

Promethean, I got it to work after about two weeks of trying and getting help from broadcom and intel hackers. The more verbose description is at blog post, but here's the gist:

ACPI is currently broken, so WiFi is switched off. Confirm by issuing

# cat /sys/bus/acpi/devices/INT33BB\:00/power_state
D3cold

so enable it using

# echo on > /sys/bus/platform/devices/INT33BB\:00/power/control

Thats really all it takes! :) If you need firmware, copy brcmfmac4330-sdio.bin from linux-firmware to

/lib/firmware/brcm/brcmfmac4330-sdio.bin

Then get the NVRAM file from your windows driver and copy it to

/lib/firmware/brcm/brcmfmac4330-sdio.txt

Mine looked like this:

#Sample variables file for BCM94330 SD FC AGB board T77H360.04_EVT5_20120731
manfid=0x2d0
prodid=0x0547
vendid=0x14e4
devid=0x4360
boardtype=0x05e1
boardrev=0x1202
boardflags=0x10080a00
nocrc=1
xtalfreq=26000
boardnum=22
macaddr=00:90:4c:c5:12:38
ag0=0x40
ag1=0xBF
aa2g=1
aa5g=1
ccode=all
pa0itssit=0x20
pa0b0=4924
pa0b1=-595
pa0b2=-157
rssismf2g=0xa
rssismc2g=0x3
rssisav2g=0x7
#rssi params for 5GHz
rssismf5g=0x4
rssismc5g=0x3
rssisav5g=0x7
#PA parameters for lower a-band
pa1lob0=5050
pa1lob1=-630
pa1lob2=-195
#PA parameters for midband
pa1b0=4880
pa1b1=-625
pa1b2=-200
#PA parameters for high band
pa1hib0=4880
pa1hib1=-620
pa1hib2=-190
rxpo5g=0
maxp2ga0=0x44
maxp5ga0=0x3A
maxp5gla0=0x3A
maxp5gha0=0x3A
# 2.4G Tx Power offsets
ofdm2gpo=0x22222222
mcs2gpo0=0x4444
mcs2gpo1=0x4444
# 5G Tx Power offsets
ofdm5gpo=0x00000000
ofdm5glpo=0x00000000
ofdm5ghpo=0x00000000
mcs5gpo0=0x2222
mcs5gpo1=0x2222
mcs5glpo0=0x2222
mcs5glpo1=0x2222
mcs5ghpo0=0x2222
mcs5ghpo1=0x2222
sromrev=3
il0macaddr=00:90:4c:c5:12:38
wl0id=0x431b
cckPwrOffset=6
triso2g=3
#swctrlmap_2g=0x44844484,0x42824282,0x42824282,0x18282,0x1ff
swctrlmap_2g=0x04040404,0x02020202,0x02020202,0x18282,0x1ff
triso5g=6
swctrlmap_5g=0x10101010,0x28282020,0x20202020,0x10202,0x0f8
noise_cal_ref_2g=53
rfreg033=0x19
rfreg033_cck=0x1f
dacrate2g=160
dacrate5g=160
txalpfbyp2g=1
bphyscale=17
cckPwrIdxCorr=-15
pacalpwr5glo=13
pacalpwr5glo1=11
pacalpwr5g=13
pacalpwr5g1=11
pacalpwr5ghi=13
pacalpwr5ghi1=11
#pacalpwr2g1=13
#pacalath2g=180
#pacalidx2g1=55
pacalpwr2g=13
txgaintbl=1
rfreg088=15
cckdigfilttype=20
noise_cal_adj_2g=-3
#wake on wireless LAN
sd_gpout=0
sd_gpval=1
sd_gpdc=0

I got both STA and AP to work.

The power button is an ACPI issue. Mika Westerberg of intel created a patch against 3.19:

From 3404c6f2422c9e8d3f51a8832fbce01483c423d9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@...>
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2015 17:21:18 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] pinctrl: baytrail: Relax GPIO request rules for certain pin

On Baytrail-T based machines the power button is part of GPIO keys like
button array (and implemented as a GPIO). However, Zotac ZBOX BIOS fails to
configure the pin properly which prevents the driver to request it.
Following is printed on the console:

  byt_gpio INT33FC:02: pin 16 cannot be used as GPIO.

Fix this by relaxing GPIO request rules for this particular pin.

Reported-by: Benjamin Adler <benadler@...>
Signed-off-by: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@...>
---
 drivers/pinctrl/intel/pinctrl-baytrail.c | 40 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 31 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/pinctrl/intel/pinctrl-baytrail.c b/drivers/pinctrl/intel/pinctrl-baytrail.c
index 5afe03e28b91..44a7fef8a0f8 100644
--- a/drivers/pinctrl/intel/pinctrl-baytrail.c
+++ b/drivers/pinctrl/intel/pinctrl-baytrail.c
@@ -158,17 +158,29 @@ static void __iomem *byt_gpio_reg(struct gpio_chip *chip, unsigned offset,
    return vg->reg_base + reg_offset + reg;
 }

-static bool is_special_pin(struct byt_gpio *vg, unsigned offset)
+static unsigned get_gpio_mux(struct byt_gpio *vg, unsigned offset)
 {
    /* SCORE pin 92-93 */
    if (!strcmp(vg->range->name, BYT_SCORE_ACPI_UID) &&
    offset >= 92 && offset <= 93)
-       return true;
+       return 1;

    /* SUS pin 11-21 */
    if (!strcmp(vg->range->name, BYT_SUS_ACPI_UID) &&
    offset >= 11 && offset <= 21)
-       return true;
+       return 1;
+
+   return 0;
+}
+
+static bool can_mux_as_gpio(struct byt_gpio *vg, unsigned offset)
+{
+   if (!strcmp(vg->range->name, BYT_SUS_ACPI_UID)) {
+       switch (offset) {
+       case 16: /* Power button on BYT-T machines */
+           return true;
+       }
+   }

    return false;
 }
@@ -177,8 +189,10 @@ static int byt_gpio_request(struct gpio_chip *chip, unsigned offset)
 {
    struct byt_gpio *vg = to_byt_gpio(chip);
    void __iomem *reg = byt_gpio_reg(chip, offset, BYT_CONF0_REG);
+   unsigned long flags;
    u32 value;
-   bool special;
+
+   spin_lock_irqsave(&vg->lock, flags);

    /*
     * In most cases, func pin mux 000 means GPIO function.
@@ -187,13 +201,21 @@ static int byt_gpio_request(struct gpio_chip *chip, unsigned offset)
     * func pin mux preset as GPIO function by BIOS/FW.
     */
    value = readl(reg) & BYT_PIN_MUX;
-   special = is_special_pin(vg, offset);
-   if ((special && value != 1) || (!special && value)) {
-       dev_err(&vg->pdev->dev,
-           "pin %u cannot be used as GPIO.\n", offset);
-       return -EINVAL;
+   if (value != get_gpio_mux(vg, offset)) {
+       /* Some misconfigured pins can still be muxed as GPIOs */
+       if (can_mux_as_gpio(vg, offset)) {
+           value = readl(reg);
+           value |= 1;
+           writel(value, reg);
+       } else {
+           dev_err(&vg->pdev->dev,
+               "pin %u cannot be used as GPIO.\n", offset);
+           spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vg->lock, flags);
+           return -EINVAL;
+       }
    }

+   spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vg->lock, flags);
    pm_runtime_get(&vg->pdev->dev);

    return 0;

This makes the power button work. Mika said this patch would make it to mainline, but didn't want to confirm 3.20, as it would require some more work.


radiance theme in gnome flashback in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

Install Gnome Tweaks (sudo apt-get install gnome-tweaks). It allows you to change the icon theme.

You may need to change to

a "Light" variant of the Humanity icon theme:

or "Ubuntu-mono-light" with darker icons:


Disk idle for too long before actually booting

Those 10 seconds are the initramfs loading, detecting hardware, and mounting your root fs.  Ubuntu does not use systemd during this time so that is why no data is available.  If you don't use any fancy partitioning you can try doing without it and this might save some time, or at least give usable bootchart data for that time, but it appears you are using an encrypted filesystem.  Assuming that is your root filesystem, then an initramfs is required.


Flash is a very CPU intensive application and once the CPU heats, flash performance drops considerably. In your case I believe the problem goes a little further and stops the display of the content.
Also see: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1193567


How to copy file and paste its path in Vim in normal and insert mode?

You can use following shortcuts:

For copying text:

Ctrl+Shift+c

To paste:

Ctrl+Shift+v


It seems the file you're trying to execute is not executable. Try this:

chmod +x /opt/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20131030/eclipse/eclipse

If you installed Eclipse there as superuser, then run it with sudo:

sudo chmod +x /opt/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20131030/eclipse/eclipse

After this you should be able launch Eclipse as either /usr/bin/eclipse or /opt/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20131030/eclipse/eclipse.


The qsTr() method uses the standard Qt translations support, which is not using gettext. The i18n.tr() method is from the Ubuntu SDK and is a wrapper around gettext. Many internationalization features in Ubuntu, and Linux distributions in general, are built around the GNU gettext system, and so using it provides the ability to use more tools and integrate better with other parts of the system, while the Qt translations system is specific to Qt.


Creating PPA is very simple & at the same time somewhat complex process depending on the complexity of the package( i.e single binary, multiple binary...etc). But for simple application like your MyAgenda creating a PPA is very simple.

First install necessary packages.

sudo apt-get install build-essential devscripts ubuntu-dev-tools debhelper dh-make diff patch cdbs quilt gnupg fakeroot lintian  pbuilder piuparts. Most of them are probably already installed by default.

Now setup your gpg-key & ssh-key. Follow instruction from here & here.

STEP1:Layout Of The Source Package

Now go to your application source folder.Here's your basic source package layout:

 MyAgenda-1.0/
    -- data/
          -- myagenda
          -- myagenda.desktop
          -- myagenda.svg
          --ui
             -- myagenda.glade
             -- otherfiles
    -- debian/
        -- changelog
        -- copyright
        -- compat
        -- rules
        -- control
        -- install

STEP2:Know your GPG KEY ID & Format

First run:

gpg --list-keys. It will give you output something like this:

   pub: YOURGPG-KEY
   uid: YOURUSERNAME <YOURMAIL-ID>   #note your username & email.
   sub: --------

STEP3:Create Debian Folder

To create debian folder & all other necessary files under debian folder run(use the same username & email-id from above):

DEBFULLNAME="YOURUSERNAME" dh_make -n -s -e YOUREMAIL-ID. This will help to sign the package with gpg key.

However this wont create the "install" file under debian folder. Create the file manually & save it with following data:

        data/myagenda /opt/extras.ubuntu/com/myagenda/bin
        data/ui/* /opt/extras.ubuntu/com/myagenda/ui
        data/myagenda.desktop /usr/share/applications
        data/myagenda.svg /usr/share/icons/hicolor/scalable/apps

STEP4: Update Changelog

To update changelog run:

dch -i

Here is a sample changelog:

package (version) distribution; urgency=urgency

 * change details
   more change details
 * even more change details

 -- maintainer name <email address>[two spaces]  Sun, 8 July 2012 18:14:08 +0530

Make sure the above format is preserved.When done editing press CTRL+O to write out.Remove
.dch part & overwrite changelog file.Press CTRL+X to exit.

You may want to delete extra .ex files under debian.Enter into debian folder & delete .ex & .EX files.

cd debian
rm *.ex *.EX

STEP5: Create DEB Package

Then to create deb package run:

debuild --no-tgz-check     #Optional.it will not check for the source tarball.

STEP6: Upload To PPA

To upload the source package to a PPA you must run:

debuild -S

What the -S flag does is tell debuild to build a source package using another script, dpkg-buildpackage, together with fakeroot, which grants us fake root privileges while making the package. It will take the .orig.tar.gz file and produce a .diff.gz (the difference between the original tarball from the author and the directory we have created, debian/ and its contents) and a .dsc file that has the description and md5sums for the source package. The .dsc and *_source.changes (used for uploading the source package) files are signed using your GPG key.

debuild -S will create a source.changes file outside your source directory. Go to launchpad & create a PPA. Now upload the source.changes to that PPA((change the file name accordingly):

dput ppa:YOUR-LAUNCHPAD-USERNAME/myagenda myagenda-1.0-ubuntu1.changes

DONE!

Notes:

If you want to upload package for several ubuntu versions get help from here.

Sources: Complete Packaging Guide Wiki.


Sync music library between several Ubuntu installations

I sync my rhythmbox databse and my music folder using syncthing. The database is stored in

 .local/share/rhythmbox

I sync the entire folder. The important thing is to set one computer as master, i.e. tick the "Sent only folder" option. For me this is my laptop at home. My other computers are 'receive only'. This means that the all changes on my laptop, including play counts, ratings and playlists, will be transferred to my other computers, but not visa verse. This set up prevents corruption of the database in case the database is changed at two computers before syncing.

This is the best I could come up with. I wish they would develop a proper database sync option for rhythmbox. Given that it is the standard music player on many linux desktop distributions, it receives remarkably little development.


qemu-kvm is available in the main component of Ubuntu repository. I think, you might have disabled main source.

To enable main component

sudo apt-add-repository main

To refresh package index

sudo apt-get update

Install it

sudo apt-get install qemu-kvm

Hope that will fix


Are we able to remote access Ubuntu 16.04 with default setting?

No, the default desktop installation does not run any servers that open any port

So, if you forgot to enable Desktop Sharing or install openssh-server, you won't be able to access the computer remotely.

When you enable remote access for the first time, it will walk you through the installation of the the needed parts. The default program for remote access is for remote desktop sharing (and control). The user who is sharing the desktop must be logged in locally for the remote user to access the desktop remotely. So, once you enable remote desktop sharing, remember not to log out before you leave for home.

There are many ways to get around this limitation of desktop sharing. I found http://askubuntu.com/questions/229989/how-to-setup-x11vnc-to-access-with-graphical-login-screen most useful.

If you want just command line access to your your office computer, or use Nautlius to remotely access files and folders follow Why am I unable to create a shared folder? as indicated by sudous in the comments.

Hope this helps


Use VLC. It always works in Windows, and ever since I switched to Linux it has still worked flawlessly: http://computernetworkingnotes.com/ubuntu-12-04-tips-and-tricks/how-to-install-vlc-in-ubuntu.html


Ubuntu alternative to Thunderbird now that Mozilla dropped support

Mozilla has NOT dropped support for Thunderbird, they simply won't be adding any new features to it except security updates
Mozilla has only said that their developers will not be working on Thunderbird further, i.e. adding new features, etc after 20 Nov 2012. They will continue making security updates available for Thunderbird until 30 December 2013.
At the same time, outside developers ("the community") can continue working on a parallel version of Thunderbird (still released by Mozilla) which will include new features, etc.

Considering that Mozilla.org involvement in developing Thunderbird will stop only after Quantal is released, it's a little early to begin looking about for alternatives. Even if the community doesn't pick up the slack and Thunderbird begins to go obsolete, I'm sure that Canonical will have an alternative in place by the R-series (April 2013).


How do I set custom application icons in KDE?

Not all programs have icons, but certainly for custom desktop entry, there won't be an icon, you have 2 ways to solve this

GUI
Right click kde menu -> edit applications -> scroll to the appropriate application, you will see the icon, as shown in the attached image

text
right click on the desktop entry icon, click open with a text editor (as kate), you will see all info for that entry, edit "Icon" as shown in attached pic


dist-upgrade in ubuntu 14.04 uninstalled qgis and results in unmet dependencies

QGIS version in the repos of Ubuntu is older that qgis.org version. For this reason it is preferable to install with repos of qgis.org. Please, see my answer in:

QGIS updating problems


Depends on the site. Firefox has context menus for saving html5 video, but they don't work if the site uses a customized player. For example, if you visit http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/firefox/video/, you will be able to right-click and select the Save video option.
On YouTube, that won't work. In this case, click the YouTube logo in the address bar, then click More information in the mini popup, then click the Media tab in the big popup dialog, then find the video and select it, then click Save As. Change the extension to webm before saving.
Alternatively, you can copy the address and load it on some download manager like DownThemAll or wget via terminal.
However, on YouTube is simpler to use Video Download Helper.


How do I customize the home folder launcher in the sidebar?

You can achieve using this alternate way. You can go for folder synchronization where both folders are on the same HDD. In How to synchronize folders is a solution which shows folder synchronization between internal HDD to external HDD but you can just change the path of destination and you will achieve what you need. This is just an alternate way. I don't know how to edit the link of home folder itself.