I'm gonna answer your questions a bit out of order, because I can.

  How do I check my hardware if that's the culprit??

Is your computer working? If so, your hardware isn't causing the problem.

  Why would I need a "lock" on an open directory?

DPKG/Apt locks /var/lib/dpkg to ensure that it can install software in peace, without causing any conflicts to the database of installed packages (present at /var/lib/dpkg/status). It's a safety mechanism to keep APT from blowing itself up by accident.

  How do I find what process is using it?

You already have! Look at the output of: sudo lsof /var/lib/dpkg/lock:

COMMAND   PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF     NODE NAME
aptitude 2166 root    3uW  REG  252,0        0 49021509 /var/lib/dpkg/lock

The program aptitude (a pretty package manager) is active, and is the current owner of the lock.

  How do I fix this? Could someone walk me thru the steps?

There are a few things you can do.

First off, you can just break the lock by running sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock. However, it's a good idea not to break this lock to force other apt processes to run, as you may be interrupting something important, which may leave your system in an unusable state. Only do this if you're 100% sure that apt or dpkg isn't running. You can check this by running ps -aux | grep dpkg or ps -aux | grep apt. If either of these return anything other than a line with grep in it, it's unsafe to break the lock.

Secondly, you can go around to all of your terminals to see where aptitude is being run, and to check up on it. If you cannot find the terminal that it's on, the w command will help you a lot.

Third, you can just kill the process by force, although this may still need you to break the lock. Do this by running sudo kill <PID>, where <PID> is the number in the lsof entry, in your case, 2166. Do not run kill -9 for apt, as it will forcefully kill it, while regular kill will give apt a chance to clean everything up before it dies. You can also kill the process by rebooting, logging off, or exiting the terminal it's running in.

If you do forcefully kill apt and break the lock, it's a very good idea to run dpkg --configure -a to let DPKG fix what was potentially broken.


How to specify a filename while extracting audio using youtube-dl?

Try the command

youtube-dl --extract-audio --audio-format mp3 --output "%(uploader)s%(title)s.%(ext)s" http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rtOvBOTyX00


How to move and group text files based on their content?

Something like this will works:

grep -l 'Cookies' /Path/to/X/*.txt | xargs -I files mv files /Path/to/Y/

grep -l 'Cookies' /Path/to/X/*.txt:

will look for all *.txt files contains Cookies, change it to * for any file.
-l means only print the file names.

xargs -I files mv files /Path/to/Y/

will moves them to your desired path.

Or even instead of xargs we can use a loop:

grep -l 'Cookies' /Path/to/X/*.txt | while read i; do mv "$i" /path/to/x/; done


I think there are two primary points that you'll need to look into:

Port 443 does not need to be open to do the installing of an SSL certificate. The SSL certificate (of a website I'm assuming since you're talking about port 443) should be already created and available to the web service being used on the server.
You need a web service running (e.g. Apache or Nginx) and configured to listen on port 443. Opening the port on the firewall just makes it so that the service listening on that port can be reached externally.


From the fdisk and lsblk output we can see that:

/dev/sda1 is your main partition, and is used for the root mount point (/), which holds everything else. How to understand the Ubuntu file system layout?
/dev/sda2 is an extended partition - which means you are using an MBR partition table instead of GPT. The Ubuntu installer usually sets up one extended partition to contain the swap partition, to avoid accidentally using up four primary partitions (the limit on MBR partition tables). What does the term "Extended Partition" mean? Is it safe to use this type of partition?
/dev/sda5 is used for swap, the Linux variant of the paging file from Windows. See the Swap FAQ.

The only partition you should expect to see is the root partition, since swap isn't for direct usage. It will look something like this:

As for re-paritioning, note the key icons next to all the partitions - they can't be modified. And that's because they're all in use. To modify them, you'd have to boot to a live CD, so that they're not in use. See Why I'm seeing a lock besides the partition I'm trying to modify with gparted? or How to resize partitions?


ImportError: Missing required dependencies ['numpy', 'pytz'] when executing python3?

I don't think that your installation through pip was successful or has been somewhere out of scope (for example for another user in you used --user flag or in a virtual env)

We could discuss and solve that but the easiest way to get you going is to install pandas through Ubuntu repositories and apt would take care of installing dependencies. You can do this from software center or by:

sudo apt-get install python3-pandas


After upgrading to Ubuntu 1310 I cannot used a period

Is it just the period key that's not working? if not then maybe going to preferences > keyboard > Layout setting and selecting the right keyboard layout would restore functionality to all keys.


CUDA 8 or 9/9.1 for GeForce GT 750M/Ubuntu/GeForce GT 750M

Your Geforce GT 750M has a compute capability of 3.0, so it supports CUDA 9.0/9.1.  Unless you need to be compatible with CUDA 8.0 for some reason, I'd go with the latest your card supports, for efficiency if for no other reason.


how to install ubuntu on a netbook without cd?

The easiest is to use a USB stick.

Download the Ubuntu ISO Image.
Create a USB Stick with the Ubuntu Install.
Install Ubuntu by booting from USB Stick when starting the Netbook.

The instructions are right there on the steps mentioned on the Ubuntu Download Page.


line 42: syntax error: unexpected end of file

You need to end every if statement with fi, like

if [ "$i" = "Tyler" ]
    then
        read -p "Hello Tyler. Please enter you password now:" b

            if [ "$b" = "1234567890" ]
                    then
                        echo "You really are Tyler!! Prove it again!!"
                        su

            else
                echo "WRONG ANSWER!!"
            fi
fi


How do remove "Ignoring file in directory /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ as it has an invalid filename extension?

To fix your first problem run this in a terminal:

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.disable

(An older version of the package management tool left these files when you disabled the PPAs. Removing them is pretty safe)

Your second problem comes from and old Karmic repository. To find out which one run this in a terminal:

cd /etc/apt

grep -rw karmic *

Once you know which repository it comes from it would be easy to disable/remove it.


Just remove it using

sudo apt-get purge lightdm-login-chromiumos


PLC-EMU

  [...] a tool for emulating PLCs on a Linux box, using I/O cards. This
  way you can build a cheap alternative to PLC's, for use with
  automation applications. It consists of a text-based Ladder Diagram
  parser, a minimal C API and an optional ncurses-based interface for
  online control.

ClassicLadder

  Free ladder & sequential (grafcet) languages as used on many PLC for
  programming automation process. Ladder language allows to realize
  programs on PLC in an electric way. Modbus protocol for SCADA cnx and
  remote I/O modules. RTLinux/RTAI/Xenomai support for real-time. Can be
  embedded without GTK interface.

Check also the PLC index at SourceForge.


In htop, I sometimes see lists of 64 processes, identical for all but the PID. What are they?

Those are user threads (as opposed to processes), and you can hide them using the 'H' toggle in htop.  See this explanation in its man page:

  H    Hide user threads: on systems
  that represent them differently than
       ordinary  processes  (such as recent NPTL-based systems), this can
       hide threads from userspace processes in the process  list.  (This
       is a toggle key.)


Shortcut to change keyboard language on XFCE without having to click on xfce-panel plugin

In the layout tab of Keyboard settings, the shortcut key can be set in the Change layout option combobox.


Isn't the compiler at /usr/bin/cc   - maybe your path to the compiler is incorrect.  What does which cc show?


Wireless Card Driver for Dell Mini 1012 using Ubuntu 12.04 not detected?

I dont know it's similar question or not. but i have answer for this similar question in here : WiFi driver problem with ubuntu 10.10
Maybe it will help u.  Try ndiswrapper.With ndiswrapper you can using windows wifi driver at "base" driver. i have try one years ago and it's quit stable without any problem.

Download it from http://sourceforge.net/projects/ndiswrapper/
Extract the contents of archive.

Open your terminal, cd to the directory where you have extracted it and then run the following commands:

make distclean clean
make
sudo make install

Download WiFi driver (Windows version) from ur vendor pc.

If it's in zip format, extract it. Be sure that you have the *.inf file in driver. Go to folder driver using terminal and run the following commands:

sudo ndiswrapper -i filename***.inf

Check again by running:

ndiswrapper -m

Restart Ubuntu and try again.


How to turn off internal Bluetooth adapter while using a USB Dongle?

First I would want to try enabling bluetooth coexistence in the ath9k module by echo "options ath9k btcoex_enable=1" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/ath9k.conf
Reboot and if that fails to help then...

What has worked for me in the past is to follow instructions from https://projectgus.com/2014/09/blacklisting-a-single-usb-device-from-linux/

First we sudo -H gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/81-bluetooth-hci.rules

Then enter the following as a single line SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0cf3", ATTRS{idProduct}=="3004", ATTR{authorized}="0"

Then reboot


Single yellow characters on Mac when Ubuntu is booting

I recently (July 2013) had this same problem while trying to boot Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise) from a new live CD on a MacBook Pro 5,3 (2009 15" model, 2.66GHz Core 2 Duo, GeForce 9600M GT and 9400M graphics cards). After finding and reading this answer for "My computer boots to a black screen, what options do I have to fix it?" I began following the steps under "2. Black/purple screen when you try to boot the LiveCD" and it worked perfectly. After installation I could only get it to boot properly by selecting the "recovery mode" option in GRUB and then choosing "Resume - Resume normal boot," but downloading and installing the recommended updates and drivers solved that problem.


As was mentioned in the comments, Lazarus is a Pascal IDE that is available in Ubuntu, there is also a Pascal compiler for GCC.


Do I need permission to make an Ubuntu section in my computer store?

Please see: http://www.ubuntu.com/about/about-ubuntu/licensing

  The licence of software included in Ubuntu can not discriminate
  against anyone or any group of users and cannot restrict users from
  using the software for a particular field of endeavour - a business
  for example.

You don't need any permission.


Can I get a list of all current programs installed?

The magic keyword you are looking for is migration. You have the same question as someone who wants to move his current installation to a new computer.

Here is a quick explanation how to do it:
http://eggsonbread.com/2010/01/28/move-ubuntu-to-another-computer-in-3-simple-steps/

If you just want to get the list of currently installed programs, you just need the first command:

sudo dpkg --get-selections | sed "s/.*deinstall//" | sed "s/install$//g" > ~/pkglist

This will store your currently installed packages in the file ~/pkglist (~ stands for your home directory). You can open and review it with any text editor or in the terminal with

cat ~/pkglist


Some files are missing in Windows. I guess either the ESP or the boot partition has been deleted.

Solution:

Format your disc and reinstall Windows
Don't delete any partition, just reduce your main Windows partition to 60GB.
Install Ubuntu 64bit (32bit is not compatible with UEFI) following the 1st paragraph of the UEFI Community Documentation.
If any problem, indicate the URL provided by Boot-Repair.


You might have default policies in your iptables which drop each packet by default. Default policies won't get flushed. It would be of help if you post your iptables using

iptables -nvL

So making the iptables accept any input and output should prevent the loss of packets.

iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT
iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT


Quelitu has had support for Skype webcam since 12.10...

The Ubuntu 13.10 upgrade creates other issues for Skype.

These commands from the Quelitu website do work.  They include the fix for 13.10 (/usr/bin/env PULSE_LATENCY_MSEC=30) and work in both launchers and terminals:

Skype without webcam:

bash -c '/usr/bin/env PULSE_LATENCY_MSEC=30 skype'

Skype with webcam:

bash -c 'LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libv4l/v4l1compat.so /usr/bin/env PULSE_LATENCY_MSEC=30 skype'

From Quelitu's page:
http://wavesofthefuture.net/computers/download-telecharger-descargas-free-gratuit-gratis-quelitu.shtml


OK I repeated the same practice without "sudo apt-get dist-upgrade" and the error was gone.


Driver support with AMD in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

According to release notes, AMD drivers are not implemented yet. They will be in 16.04.1 version for sure, but it is possible they will be released sooner.

Source: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XenialXerus/ReleaseNotes


Error while loading shared libraries: libnettle.so.7: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

You have to install the package by
sudo apt-get install libnettle7:i386

or manually by
cd ~/Downloads
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/n/nettle/libnettle7_3.5.1+really3.5.1-2_i386.deb
sudo apt-get install ./libnettle7_3.5.1+really3.5.1-2_i386.deb


installing ubuntu on win 10 :not working

Most likely it is due to an enabled secure boot setting in your BIOS.  Turn off this setting and try again.  This setting should be under the "boot" section of your BIOS.


libffi.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

I would suggest to force installation of the new library by
sudo dpkg -i --force-all /var/cache/apt/archives/libglib2.0-bin_2.64.2-1~fakesync1_amd64.deb

Use auto-completion with Tab to enter correct file-name.
And then proceed with
sudo apt-get install -f


Ubuntu 17.10 Update: NVRM API Mismatch 384.11 kernel at 384.90

I was able to fix this problem.

As it turns out, while I had been updating my system via the 'software updater', I was actually still running on the old beta 4.8 version of the kernel.  uname -r showed me the version I was running.  After installing newer kernel 4.13 and rebooting, it ignored the new version, continuing to boot under 4.8.  Updated grub, then rebooted, and saw the 4.13 version on the grub menu, so I selected that.  Then after it came up, I applied the NVIDIA security updates as before, and this time it worked.


How one can install the font MT Extra on Ubuntu?

Find a MTExtra.ttf file on the Internet, download it and double-click it. Then press the button "Install". Reload the pdf.


How to set up a separate drive for documents/users?

Some basic information:

The default configuration is that all system folders are installed on a drive together under root ('/'), namely,

/
|-- bin
|-- boot
|-- cdrom
|-- dev
|-- etc
|-- home
|-- lib
|-- media
|-- mnt
|-- opt
|-- proc
|-- root
|-- run
|-- sbin
|-- srv
|-- sys
|-- tmp
|-- usr
|-- var

You can check more details about the file system on Ubuntu Community Wiki here (Linux FileSystemHierarchy).

Now each of those folders can be residing on different physical drives which is assigned while installation. It is during the installation that one can specify where to place the /home and /tmp etc... under the partioning option.

Now, /home is important since inside this folder are the folders for each user, like

home
|--/user_1
|--/user_2

And then under each user,

user_1
|--/Desktop
|--/Documents
|--/Pictures
|--/Downloads
|--/Videos
|--/PublicHTML
|--/Templates
etc...

So, it comes down to the installation part and there you can ONLY define the drives where the folders under root ('/') can reside, hence you can define where is /home, and then the folder for the user and the following directories for documents and other go under it (on the specified drive). When installing you can choose the Specify manual partioning (advanced) and there you have to one by one specify the folders (home, var, tmp, etc, lib, etc..) and their location and intended size. Be careful while specifying size. You can check this link for some images Manual partitioning-HowToGeek and steps.

The most straightforward way is to keep your /home in the HDD while other folders stay on SSD. Since recently accessed files are cached (and caching is very efficient on Ubuntu and linux) you will not see much decline in speeds with HDD while still having a fast OS on SSD.

Case where installation is done and you need to move :
If you want to move, for example, home folder to another drive after your deafult installation on one drive, it is possible. Follow this link  to understand that, Moving home folder - Ubuntu Community Wiki and on askubuntu - moving home folder.

If you deliberately want to keep a folder on SSD (a second SSD).

You will however need a second SSD. A new SSD (or any other drive) can be mounted to the file system and by default the mount point is under /mnt. You can change the mount point to suit your needs and then use this folder for your documents or intended files.

You can try by mounting the drive (SSD) inside a folder located under your /home/username , for example, under /home/username/fast_folder using fstab. Read about fstab here fstab-community wiki.  Next, you can set the default storage location for applications like  LibreOffice, ImageMagick or Gimp to this fast_folder. This way you have a storage located on an SSD.


You should install ubuntu by the following steps:

Make sure you have allocated free space, if it still can`t boot to installation GUI, try to run ubuntu installer in text mode.

1. First,create a Partition

The first step is pretty simple.  You can resize the Macintosh partition using the OSX Disk Utility.  I resized the partition to 90GB and left the rest as free space.

2. Create USB Installer

You should follow the directions to create a 64-bit Ubuntu USB startup drive.
At the end of the instructions, you’ll see an error message indicating that OSX isn’t able to read the drive.

Don’t worry, this is normal and it should still work as a USB installer but you just won’t be able to read/write to the drive itself.

(OPTIONAL but RECOMMENDED)

Since you won’t be able to read/write to this drive, if you have another USB stick handy, you should upload the wifi driver to the 2nd USB stick.  After the Ubuntu installation, wifi will not work and you will need to install the driver and its 3 dependencies to get it working.

3. Install Boot Manager

I used rEFInd as the boot manager instead of rEFIt.  It seems to work for me.  Download the binary zip file.  Once downloaded and unzipped, open a Terminal window and install:

cd ~/Downloads/refind-bin-0.6.7
 ./install.sh

4. Install Ubuntu

Here comes the fun part.
Insert your Ubuntu USB installer and restart your computer.  When the computer restarts, you should see your new boot manager screen with an Apple and a triangle shaped icon for the Ubuntu installer.  Right arrow over to the installer and hit Enter to select it.  This will load the typical Ubuntu installer.  Select “Install Ubuntu”.  If this is the first time you are installing Ubuntu, it should give you the option to install Ubuntu alongside Mac OSX.  If you are reinstalling over a bad installation, it will give you the option to erase Ubuntu only and reinstall.  WARNING! If you are attempting a reinstall and select this option, the previous swap partition will not be reused or erased.  A new one will be created meaning you will lose about 8GBs of space for nothing.  Instead of having the installer create the partitions for you, initial install or reinstall, I recommend selecting the “Something else” option and create your own partitions.

If you select “Something else” you will see a screen with a list of partitions.  If this is a reinstall, scroll to the bottom of the list and delete the previous install’s partitions.  At the very bottom of the list is “Free space”.  Select that and click on the “+” sign to create a new partition.  You can create a root “/” using ext4 with a size of about 25GB.  Next, create a swap partition with a size around 8 to 16GB.  Finally, create an ext4 home “/home” partition with the rest of the remaining space and continue with the installation.  After the installation, it will ask you to reboot and you should do so.  If you get a blank screen after the message, just hit the space bar and it will continue.


Unfortunately no, this is not currently available for the indicator applet.


What worked for me is running the session manager then clicking on the icon.

first run session manager by entering this command

anbox session-manager

and then click on the Anbox icon from launcher

Better way would be to add this service inside Startup Applications

to do that open Startup Applications > Add > in command write anbox session-manager

and you'd be able to use Anbox without running that command on every boot or keeping a minimised terminal windows.


Ubuntu 14.10 is the latest stable Ubuntu version you can use . Scroll down to the page for download link


Dell Inspiron Mini 10 boots into black screen, and only top half paints

I strongly suspect you have an Inspiron 1010 with Intel's gma500, aka, Mini 10, at least the symptoms are exactly the same. The lack of Linux support for gma500 is very well known, and yes, many Linux users have experienced the same problem. Hope that answers the questions. If interested, you can search for more info, there was a lot of discontent when people still hoped that Intel might provide a working driver. Here's a good example.

In case you are also interested in working around the problem, please follow the Wiki Page (or the steps below). Option 1 should do the trick.

Here what should be done:

In a terminal window, run

gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Find the following line: GRUB_CMDLINE_DEAULT="quiet splash"

Add console=tty1 in between the quotes, the end result looking as follows

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash console=tty1"

Save and exit, then run sudo update-grub.


GNU Octave installation problem with Ubuntu 14.04

From the comments, ls -dl /home/siva/.config/octave shows that the directory is owned by root, but it should have been owned by siva. To fix this, run:

sudo chown -R siva:siva /home/siva/.config/octave

Your Octave installation should now proceed without permission problems.


Just use the mouse settings - type 'mouse' into the dash:

when your USB mouse is plugged in, you should be able to turn the touchpad off (it will come back on when the USB mouse is unplugged):

You can also configure the touchpad to be disabled while you are typing, so you don't have problems with it - a very useful feature I find, particuarly for essays, or typing these answers

Xfce does allow disabling of the touchpad (Select the touchpad and untick 'Enable this Device'), but if you unplug the USB mouse, you can't control the cursor...

But, you can set it to be disabled whilst typing:


Where can I find the Transmission executable

Usually, the binaries of the programs that you download are located in /usr/bin, along with some other directories that could hold these binaries. You can tackle this through several ways.

Short Answer:

Transmission is located in /usr/bin/transmission-gtk.

Long Answer:

I'm no expert in this, but here's how I would go about locating where transmission is:

First, you need to know what exactly is the name of the application, the name of the binary, because it might not be a straight-forward transmission. So, you could simply do ls -l /usr/bin | grep transmission. This will output all the files that have transmission in them. When I execute that command, I get this:

alaa@aa-lu:~$ ls /usr/bin | grep transmission
transmission-cli
transmission-create
transmission-edit
transmission-gtk
transmission-remote
transmission-show

gtk usually denotes that this is a "graphical" program, so there you have it, Transmission is located in /usr/bin and it called transmission-gtk. So, browse to that file when you're opening your torrent file, and it should work.
If you don't get any output from the above ls command, then transmission might not be installed in the first place. You can check if it's installed by using dpkg:

alaa@aa-lu:~$ dpkg -l | grep transmission
ii  transmission-cli                          2.77-0ubuntu1                          i386         lightweight BitTorrent client (command line programs)
ii  transmission-common                       2.77-0ubuntu1                          all          lightweight BitTorrent client (common files)
ii  transmission-gtk                          2.77-0ubuntu1                          i386         lightweight BitTorrent client (GTK interface)

This tells me that transmission-gtk is infact installed.
If you didn't find it in /usr/bin, you can use the command whereis transmission-gtk

alaa@aa-lu:~$ whereis transmission-gtk
transmission-gtk: /usr/bin/transmission-gtk /usr/bin/X11/transmission-gtk /usr/share/man/man1/transmission-gtk.1.gz

Ignore the other two locations.


Steam isn't displaying after running [Kubuntu]

Steam doesn't start after upgrade to Ubuntu 16.04

This sorta fixed it.. I have to input LD_PRELOAD='/usr/$LIB/libstdc++.so.6' steam whenever I want to run Linux Steam and wait for it to update (along with keycode verification) each time which is quite annoying.. Will post another question about this.

More on that here: (steamwebhelper.exe error) Nothing but library [Windows Steam using Wine] - Kubuntu (in the comments)
Decided to just use the Windows version of Steam to play and the Linux version whenever I want to purchase a game, which is a chore but there doesn't seem to be any solution to this constant update issue yet...


I solved my problem, but somewhat by accident.

I stumbled on a fairly long exchange that talks about some kind of conflict between ttf-mscorefonts-installer and ghostscript.

My problem doesn't seem exactly like the one described here, but as I'm out of ideas, I decided to just remove this package...  And then everything worked.  That is, my EPS files generated using R can display fine again.

So, I guess that is the problem -- as I don't have a need for this package (I presume this means a substitute for the Arial font is being found), I can leave this as-is.


You need aliases. There's a forum documentation post about it.


kubuntu 10.04 + ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports - is it really stable enough?

Why do you use 10.04 in the first place? There are newer versions. Perhaps you would want to have a look at 11.10, for instance?


Step 1 - Install the new kernel 4.2.0-22

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 - enter user name and password, then execute :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo reboot

Step 2 - Uninstall NVIDIA drivers 352

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 - enter user name and password, then execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Step 3 - Install NVIDIA drivers 358

(latest official stable drivers 358.16)
Reference : Proprietary GPU Drivers

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 - enter user name and password, then execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-358
sudo reboot

Note : In case it doesn't work with nouveau.modeset=0, replace this parameter with nomodeset. Graphics drivers often are the source for these kind of problems. NVIDIA fixes bugs and improves their drivers with every new release - 358 drivers entered the final stage on November, 20 / 2015.

Clarification :

NVIDIA provides graphics drivers through different channels. The long-lived branch delivers the current stable drivers which also are included in the official Ubuntu repositories. The short-lived branch intermediately delivers the latest official drivers with bug fixes and improvements. These drivers are distributed through the Proprietary GPU Drivers PPA and though they are stable, they are not officially tested on Ubuntu. This means, when you install them, you do it on your own risk.

Recommendation :

Generally you should use the drivers from the official Ubuntu repositories. When you encounter problems with these drivers - you can install the more current drivers from the GPU Drivers PPA. This often leads to properly working graphics, especially on very new NVIDIA GEFORCE adapters.


Give a try to Cairo Dock, whose interface is easy to set up as you wish and its gadgets includes stacking with several fancy features.

Screenshot from my Desktop:

More screenshots from the net:

Parabolic style sub-dock:

Dock over dock style

Slide style sub-dock

Rainbow style sub-dock

Good luck!

Sorry, I forgot to mention the Panel Mode, which is cool, an illustration is placed here:


Grub2 does not load windows loader in multiboot system

I found a workaround.

Used EasyBCD and rewrote MBR.

Created a entry for Ubuntu in the loader and selected Syslinux as the type. Works. But it takes some additional time while booting to get into Ubuntu. (My diskmanagement tool shows that windows doesn't recognize the partitions Ubuntu was installed in. Probably because it recognizes only four partitions)

Will update if I can find a way to access windows loader properly from the grub boot menu.


You can either use a formula in column C like =CONCATENATE(A1,B1) -- copy the resulting column and use edit > paste special to paste "numbers" and not "formulas" if you want to lock in results.

Or, you can select each pair of side by side cells (A1, B1) and merge them (format > merge cells...). You'll see a dialog ("Should the contents of hidden cells be merged into the first cell?") -- answer yes.  If you just have four rows, that won't take long. If you've got quite a few rows, the formula option will be more efficient.


CIFS issues - Ubuntu Gnome 16.04, Windows 2012R2 Storage Spaces

For those who face this kind problem, it is recommended to diagnose them using smbclient first. Because smbclient seems implement more background negotiation stuff than CIFS mount client.
 i.e.

smbclient //<ip>/<share> -I <ip> -U <username>

If you are able to got into the windows folder, that's mean you are having hard time with CIFS mount options, it can be ANYTHING.

The next step is fire up sniffer like WIRESHARK. Then capture the package of smbclient, then compare to your CIFS mount.  Then try command line mount before you edit /etc/fstab. e.g.

sudo mount -vvv -t cifs //<ip>/<share> /mnt/media -o credentials=<<path to creds>>,noserverino,sec=ntlmssp

as in here, because I notice the packget sniffer show me error from server refuse my inode, thus I am getting lucky by trying out noserverino. And the host server is a Windows 10 Pro.


Unable to uninstall package with error "Unable to locate package"

apt can only uninstall packages that where installed by apt or applications that use apt as a back-end like Ubuntu Software or Synaptic. The results of apt policy searchsploit snmp-check ssltrip thcping6 show that none of these 4 packages are from the default Ubuntu repositories. These packages were installed by Katoolin, which is a script that helps to install Kali Linux tools on Ubuntu and other Linux distributions. Katoolin adds its own repositories to Ubuntu's software sources, so it is possible that these 4 packages were installed by apt anyway, but Katoolin can also install packages from GitHub and other sources that do not always provide .deb files that apt can install in which case check this question: If I build a package from source how can I uninstall or remove completely?.

Even if a package was installed with apt, it can only be uninstalled by running a command which includes its exact package name. Package names in Ubuntu are case sensitive and pieces of package names are not interpreted by apt to be exact package names. However if you know a piece of a package's name, you can easily find the full package name by running a command like this:
 apt search ^rhythymb

This command returns packages that start with the string rhythmb, for example rhythmbox. Alternatively you can run a command like this:
apt search "5.4.0-48.*"

This command returns packages that contain the 5.4.0-48 string (a Linux kernel version) anywhere in their names.

Do not assume that any feature is provided by a package that has the same name as that feature. Multiple commands may be provided by the same package which has a different name than any of the programs and commands that it provides.
However you can easily find the package name from the exact name of a command as follows. Here is an example using the xdg-open command which opens a file or URL in the user's preferred application .
  which xdg-open

The above command returns /usr/bin/xdg-open.
  dpkg -S /usr/bin/xdg-open

The above command returns xdg-utils: /usr/bin/xdg-open which shows that the xdg-open command is provided by the xdg-utils package.


If you already set it in the system settings to the highest level you may change it on the monitor (or laptop configuration)?


How to install Gnome-Commander 1.4.3 on Ubuntu 14.04

The issue with installing GTK+ 3 over 2 is that the software you are compiling probably requires GTK+ 2 over 3.  According to the GTK+ 3 reference manual  software needs to be adjusted by the developers to build against GTK+ 3.  You'll want to install the most up-to-date version of GTK+ 2.

You can install it easily via (it's at version 2.24.23):

sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev

e: I can't comment yet on posts - but the Synaptic Package Manager is a program you can install that makes it easy to find package names and install them.  Sorry I should have originally mentioned this. You can get in the Ubuntu Software Centre or by doing:

sudo apt-get install synaptic

Or you can use apt-cache but Synaptic is much easier.


Why fixing broken packages / installation in Ubuntu 11.10 takes very long time for Java6?

The problem is with that graphical colorful page.

After the terms and conditions, in a very small letters <Ok> is printed. By pressing <- or -> key, I selected the <Ok> "button" and pressed "Enter". This "button" has to be "pressed" only using keyboard. Mouse cannot be used.

This lead me to a new graphical page, where I need to "Accept" terms and conditions (same way using keyboard arrow keys). As soon as, I accepted it, the page disappeared and the installation finished within a minute.


Using numfmt to convert human-readable string to number.

#!/bin/bash

echo "File size you want to archive"
read size

echo "File name to archive"
read name

echo "Path to archive"
read path

echo "Size is: $size filename is: $name path is: $path"

a=99000
b=100000

num=$(numfmt --from auto "$size" 2>&-)

if [[ -z $num ]]
then
    echo "Invalid size!"
    exit 1
fi

if (( $num < $a )) #line 19
then
    echo "File is small. Refused to archive"
elif (( $num <= $b )) #line 22
then
    find "$path" -type f -size +$((num - 1))c ! -size +${b}c | tar cvzf ~/"$name".tar.gz
else
    echo "file is too large!"
fi


Ubuntu 18.04 shows the same icon for all applications at the desktop?

Let me add alittle gif to help OP as it appears OP didn't get @vanadium instructions:

These are the steps to making a .desktop file launchable from your dektop. Like the Origianl answer said you have to set the executable permission on that file.


Assistance with Apache Wildcard catchall

Replace

 <Directory "home/moore/Workspace">

with

 <Directory "/home/moore/Workspace">


finding amount of memory usage of a command in bash

ps, top, and atop are not going to give you the most accurate answers. This stack exchange topic addresses this in great detail and points to a well-written blog entry on the topic which details why this is the case.

There are better tools to help you try to quantify the memory usage, and valgrind seems to be a good tool. You can install it by running:

sudo apt-get install valgrind

Let's say you have a program called hello_world:

gcc -o hello_world -g hello_world.c

To get a heap profile for this program, you would run:

valgrind --tool=massif ./hello_world

This will give generic output to your screen, the actual results are saved to a file in that same directory that is in the form:

massif.out.pid

where pid is the program id for hello_world when you ran it in that instance.

It would probably be best to get the time information separately, i.e. don't try to run valgrind and time at the same time. The stackoverflow link provides other alternatives.


Linux is not a complete operating system; it is, as you correctly described, a kernel. The default software suite since the beginning has been the GNU system, and the name "GNU/Linux" has been used for this combination. Ubuntu is based on GNU and Linux. (Linux has also been used, notably, in a number of embedded systems such as network devices and as the basis of Android, which uses an entirely different "userland" model and is not compatible with "traditional" Unix/Linux applications.)
In addition to all of the software packages, there have always been a variety of different "bundles" with installers (or manual installation), package management, configuration tools, etc. These are called distributions, and Ubuntu is a Linux (or GNU/Linux) distribution. In general, a Linux distribution comprises what most people would consider an "operating system" (technical base, user interface) as well as a wide variety of other available software packages that go beyond just an operating system.


Can't use network printer via samba, how to debug the problem?

Maybe it will be helpful for someone.

I encountered the same problem on Ubuntu 14.04. Steps below solved it for me:

remove printer added via System Settings->Printers
open localhost:631
in the browser
go to Administration tab, click Add Printer button and follow the instructions

I don't know why, but only after adding printer in such way it works for me and for my colleagues.


You can use vipe to edit pipelines:

SYNOPSIS
       command1 | vipe | command2

DESCRIPTION
       vipe allows you to run your editor in the middle of a unix pipeline and
       edit the data that is being piped between programs. Your editor will
       have the full data being piped from command1 loaded into it, and when
       you save, that data will be piped into command2.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       EDITOR
           Editor to use.

The trick in using graphical editors is to ensure that it doesn't fork off and start a detached process. For example, to use GVim:

gpg2 -d x.gpg | EDITOR='gvim -f' vipe | gpg2 -e -o x.gpg

I expect you'd need to use the -s option with gedit:

-s, --standalone
      Run gedit in standalone mode.

So:

gpg2 -d x.gpg | EDITOR='gedit -s' vipe | gpg2 -e -o x.gpg

Alternatively, you could try this plugin with Vim.


Normally in Lubuntu 16.04.2, when using the desktop GUI, when you attach a properly formatted USB stick, it gets mounted automatically and a wizard says "Removable medium is inserted. Type of medium: removable disk. Please select the action you want to perform: Open in File Manager". You can click "Cancel" or "OK".

Normally the drive also shows as it's own icon on the desktop. You can then double-click to open it.

I don't know what happens in Lubuntu if the stick is not properly formatted. In any case, try selecting the start menu on the lower left corner, then Accessories and then Disks. Does it show the USB drive on the left side list? If so, click it on the list. Then make sure it is the USB drive, not a hard drive (e.g. check the size). Then select the Menu item which looks like three horizontal lines on top of each other. If Format Disk is not greyed out, select it.

If the disk doesn't show up in the Disks program, or if Format Disk is greyed out, then there might be some kind of a problem with the automount functionality. You could try reformatting the stick using another computer and/or operating system.

For more examples for using the Disk Utility, see the first section of How to format a USB or external drive?, although in the beginning it shows how to start the utility in the vanilla Ubuntu distribution.

If you are trying to use the command line, as a general rule, regular users do not have permissions to mount new devices or unmount old ones. GUI's usually ask for root permissions if the user tries to use the GUI to perform an action which needs root permissions. For mounting a USB stick, Lubuntu doesn't ask anything though, at least usually.

To open the command line terminal, select System Tools from the start menu, then LXTerminal. To obtain root privileges for a command, prefix it with sudo. For the first time or if you haven't issued a command as root in a while, it asks you to input your password, then attempts to run the command you issued. Normally USB sticks don't have a predefined mount point in Lubuntu, but there might be a dynamically allocated one in effect, or someone/something may have added a manual definition to /etc/fstab. So check whether there is a mount point entry for the USB stick:

mount

If there already is a mount in effect for a USB stick, it should like something like this:

/dev/sdb1 on /media/someuser/My Stick type vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1000,gid=1000,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,showexec,utf8,flush,errors=remount-ro,uhelper=udisks2)

If not, check for any definition resembling the above in /etc/fstab:

cat /etc/fstab

If there is a definition in /etc/fstab, it might be improperly defined. You could then backup /etc/fstab and use an editor (e.g. vim) to remove or change the entry.

If the USB stick is mounted but doesn't work, there might be something wrong with the (auto)mount or the formatting of the stick. I don't think I have ever used the command line to format a USB stick in Linux. But in case the stick is just incorrectly mounted, try unmounting the disk first, either based on the device name shown by mount, e.g.:

sudo umount /dev/sdb1

or the mount point, e.g.:

sudo umount "/media/someuser/My Stick"

Then try remounting the stick forcing the file system type, e.g. to use the vfat formatting. The first command makes sure the mount point exists as an empty directory:

mkdir -p "/media/someuser/My Stick"
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 "/media/someuser/My Stick" -t vfat

if vfat doesn't work, try using ntfs:

mkdir -p "/media/someuser/My Stick"
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 "/media/someuser/My Stick" -t ntfs

If there isn't a mount point shown by mount or /etc/fstab, you can try adding one and mounting the USB stick manually, although it may be difficult to guess the symbolic device ID under /dev/. Here it is assumed the USB stick is represented by the device /dev/sdb1 in Linux:

sudo mkdir -p /media/usb
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bu
sudo sh -c 'echo "/dev/sdb1 /media/usb auto rw,nosuid,nodev,flush,errors=remount-ro" >> /etc/fstab'
sudo mount /dev/sdb1

If that doesn't work, you should return the original /etc/fstab configuration from the backup you created above with the cp command:

sudo cp /etc/fstab.bu /etc/fstab


First of all, I think it's better to disable all third-party repositories, if you have.
Next you have to update your system with:

  sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade && sudo apt-get
  dist-upgrade

Then you have to run Update Manager through terminal to upgrade to 14.04.
Open a terminal and write this:

  update-manager -d

And you are ready to upgrade your distro to 14.04 ...!!!


Synaptic Package Manger is not launching in Ubuntu 18.04

I spent almost one day to discover the mystery behind this trouble as I am new here. Anyway, I am answering my question that Synaptic Package Manager does not work on Wayland session where I log in on that session. That's why it was showing errors all the time. This could be helpful for newcomers like me. Anyone should check the log on options by clicking on settings icon appears at the beginning to avoid this kind of problems. Finally, Thanks, everyone :)


Cannot run programs as sudo from launcher

Try this command instead (replacing YOURUSERNAME with the appropriate value):

gksu sh /home/YOURUSERNAME/evelauncher/evelauncher.sh

First, it replaces the ~ with your actual absolute home directory path.
Second, you don't need to pass the script path as command string to sh, it can directly interpret script files.


EDIT:

1. NEW ANSWER

While the answer at the bottom of this one can be used (see [2.]), it lead to a ppa -version with additional options, to be set in a preferences window.

Options include:

Setting all aliases in one window
Setting theme colors for the panel icon:

Setting threshold for warnings
Show info on newly mounted / connected volumes in a notification:

Run on Startup

Furthermore, the indicator now includes a smaller (width) icon set for other distro's (like xfce), which will be automatically applied, depending on the window manager.

To install:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:vlijm/spaceview
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install spaceview

2. OLD ANSWER

The script below is an indicator that lists your devices and shows their usage. The information is updated (if necessary) once per ten seconds.

Furthermore

While the indicator is running, you can choose a device to be represented in the icon. The device will be remembered on the next time you run the indicator:

For one or more (or all) devices, you can set an alternative name ("custom name"), to be set in the head of the script

As an example, this:

alias = [
    ["sdc1", "stick"],
    ["sdb1", "External"],
    ["sda2", "root"],
    ["sda4", "ntfs1"],
    ["sda5", "ntfs2"],
    ["//192.168.0.104/media", "netwerk media"],
    ["//192.168.0.104/werkmap_documenten", "netwerk docs"],
    ]

Will show:

You can set a threshhold; if the free space of either one of your devices is below that, you'll get a warning:

Plugged/unplugged devices will be added/removed from the menulist within 10 seconds.

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import os
import time
import signal
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
gi.require_version('AppIndicator3', '0.1')
from gi.repository import Gtk, AppIndicator3, GObject
from threading import Thread

#--- set alias names below in the format [[device1, alias1], [device2, alias2]]
#--- just set alias = [] to have no custom naming
alias = []
#--- set the threshold to show a warning below
#--- set to 0 to have no warning
threshold = 17
#---
currpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
prefsfile = os.path.join(currpath, "showpreferred")

class ShowDevs():
    def __init__(self):
        self.default_dev = self.get_showfromfile()
        self.app = 'show_dev'
        iconpath = currpath+"/0.png"
        self.indicator = AppIndicator3.Indicator.new(
            self.app, iconpath,
            AppIndicator3.IndicatorCategory.OTHER)
        self.indicator.set_status(AppIndicator3.IndicatorStatus.ACTIVE)
        self.indicator.set_menu(self.create_menu())
        self.indicator.set_label("Starting up...", self.app)
        self.update = Thread(target=self.check_changes)
        self.update.setDaemon(True)
        self.update.start()

    def check_changes(self):
        state1 = None
        while True:
            self.state2 = self.read_devices()
            if self.state2 != state1:
                self.update_interface(self.state2)
            state1 = self.state2
            time.sleep(10)

    def update_interface(self, state):
        warning = False; self.newmenu = []
        for dev in state:
            mention = self.create_mention(dev)
            name = mention[0]; deci = mention[2]; n = mention[1]
            if n <= threshold:
                warning = True
            try:
                if self.default_dev in name:
                    newlabel = mention[3]
                    newicon = currpath+"/"+str(10-deci)+".png"
            except TypeError:
                pass
            self.newmenu.append(name+" "+str(n)+"% free")
        if warning:
            newlabel = "Check your disks!"
            newicon = currpath+"/10.png"
        try:
            self.update_indicator(newlabel, newicon)
        except UnboundLocalError:
            labeldata = self.create_mention(state[0])
            newlabel = labeldata[3]
            newicon = currpath+"/"+str(10-labeldata[2])+".png"
            self.update_indicator(newlabel, newicon)
        GObject.idle_add(self.set_new,
            priority=GObject.PRIORITY_DEFAULT)

    def update_indicator(self, newlabel, newicon):
        GObject.idle_add(self.indicator.set_label,
            newlabel, self.app,
            priority=GObject.PRIORITY_DEFAULT)
        GObject.idle_add(self.indicator.set_icon,
            newicon,
            priority=GObject.PRIORITY_DEFAULT)

    def set_new(self):
        for i in self.initmenu.get_children():
            self.initmenu.remove(i)
        for item in self.newmenu:
            add = Gtk.MenuItem(item)
            add.connect('activate', self.change_show)
            self.initmenu.append(add)
        menu_sep = Gtk.SeparatorMenuItem()
        self.initmenu.append(menu_sep)
        self.item_quit = Gtk.MenuItem('Quit')
        self.item_quit.connect('activate', self.stop)
        self.initmenu.append(self.item_quit)
        self.initmenu.show_all()

    def change_show(self, *args):
        index = self.initmenu.get_children().index(self.initmenu.get_active())
        self.default_dev = self.newmenu[index].split()[0]
        open(prefsfile, "wt").write(self.default_dev)
        self.update_interface(self.read_devices())

    def create_mention(self, dev):
        name = dev[1] if dev[1] else dev[0]
        n = dev[2]; deci = round(dev[2]/10)
        newlabel = name+" "+str(n)+"% free"
        return (name, n, deci, newlabel)

    def create_menu(self):
        # create initial basic menu
        self.initmenu = Gtk.Menu()
        self.item_quit = Gtk.MenuItem('Quit')
        self.item_quit.connect('activate', self.stop)
        self.initmenu.append(self.item_quit)
        self.initmenu.show_all()
        return self.initmenu

    def read_devices(self):
        # read the devices, look up their alias and the free sapace
        devdata = []
        data = subprocess.check_output(["df", "-h"]).decode("utf-8").splitlines()
        relevant = [l for l in data if all([
                    any([l.startswith("/dev/"), l.startswith("//")]),
                    not "/loop" in l])
                    ]
        for dev in relevant:
            data = dev.split(); name = data[0]; pseudo = None
            free = 100-int([s.strip("%") for s in data if "%" in s][0])
            for al in alias:
                if al[0] in name:
                    pseudo = al[1]
                    break
            devdata.append((name, pseudo, free))
        return devdata

    def get_showfromfile(self):
        # read the preferred default device from file
        try:
            defdev = open(prefsfile).read().strip()
        except FileNotFoundError:
            defdev = None
        return defdev

    def stop(self, source):
        Gtk.main_quit()

ShowDevs()
GObject.threads_init()
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_DFL)
Gtk.main()

The icons

 0.png

 1.png

 2.png

 3.png

 4.png

 5.png

 6.png

 7.png

 8.png

 9.png

 10.png

Setting up

Setting up is simple:

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as showusage.py
Save the icons above, exactly named as in their label, into one and the very same directory as the script (right- click > Save as)
In the headsection of the script, set (possible) alternative names (aliasses). Below an example:

alias = [
    ["sda2", "root"],
    ["sdb1", "External"]
    ]

If you want to display the devices unchanged, use:

alias = []

...and if you want, change the threshold to show a warning:

#--- set the threshold to show a warning below (% free, in steps of 10%)
#--- set to 0 to have no warning
threshold = 10

That's it

Running it

To use the indicator, run the command:

python3 /path/to/showusage.py

To add it to Startup Applications, use the command:

/bin/bash -c "sleep 10 && python3 /path/to/showusage.py"

Choose Applications: Dash > Startup Applications > Add, add the command above.


Nvidia drivers not identified after reinstalling

Try using the Nvidia drivers supplied by Ubuntu.  Enable the "Universe" software source, and under the "Additional Drivers" tab, select the Nvidia 384, tested driver. It will be 384.111, and the ubuntu-drivers output will look like:

driver   : nvidia-384 - distro non-free recommended

After nvidia-smi sees the driver, then try the cuda install.


Why am I getting the error '' when trying to build FFmpeg under Ubuntu Server 16.04

frei0r.h is in the frei0r-plugins-dev packcage.
Try install that package(e.g. sudo aptitude install frei0r-plugins-dev).


This proxy information is needed in the case when you're on a network that does not allow you to directly access the internet, and mandates you use a special server called a proxy.

As the installer has to retrieve informations from the web, it is giving you a chance to configure the proxy here.

If you are not aware of it (ie you're not on a corporate or university network for example), you most probably don't need it, so just skip this part.


I fixed this on my U7 with the info in this post.

https://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-1025106-start-0.html

For posterity in case the form post disappears...

I found my answer here:

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PulseAudio/Troubleshooting#Microphone_not_detected_by_PulseAudio

The summary:

I edited /etc/pulse/default.pa to add the line:

load-module module-alsa-source device=hw:2,1

...since "arecord -l" showed that my missing mic was Card 2, Device 1

This newly-added line has to precede the lines:

### Automatically load driver modules depending on the hardware available
.ifexists module-udev-detect.so
load-module module-udev-detect

...in my case, this wound up being Line 52 of default.pa

I hope this can help someone else!


GParted Freezes the whole system Help ASAP

Do not close the lid while running gparted!

I force restarted my computer after waiting for quite a long time. It worked out fine, luckily, probably since that the process just started when I closed my lid. The partition it was working on showed up as gray in half of it, and normal(white and yellow) in the other half. The resize and everything worked fine.

Moral of the story: Do not close the lid while running gparted!


How do I select which files are shown in Rhythmbox?

i managed to solve this by just removing everything from rhythmbox, then it only loaded the music in the location folder.
so in rhythmbox try

select all the items in rhythmbox, right click and select remove
Then add all the music that you want into the location folder


sudo apt-get update failing - "could not open" list file due to "permission denied"

The contents of that directory are partially downloaded lists (perhaps APT was interrupted?) which can be safely removed.

Start a root shell, being aware that you now have permission to do all kinds of damage to your system, so be careful (we need to do this because sudo rm errors out)

sudo -i

Remove the contents of the directory (type carefully) and exit the root shell:

rm /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/*
exit

Then run an APT update to regenerate the package lists and check the problem is gone:

sudo apt update


Install intel centrino wireless controller firmeware in linux-libre

The firmware for the 2200 is located in the Ubuntu package linux-firmware - the driver is provided by intel, but not the source code.  You can find specific firmware downloads at intel.


How to properly configure DNS settings and Ubuntu 14.04 for postfix?

The error message you are getting is a result of the email client you are using.  It's not formatting the recipient's email address correctly.  Choose an email client such as Thunderbird, Gmail, or many Email (the default email client that comes with the android. which will format the recipient emails address correctly.  This would resolve the error that you have attached to your question.

There are also a number of Web-based email clients you can use that will work such as Horde.


How can I edit the boot listing in ubuntu14

Yes you can:

Here's an example GRUB config file (this is an earlier version of GRUB, but the concept is the same):

default=0
timeout=10
splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz

# section to load Linux
title Red Hat Enterprise Linux (2.4.21-1.ent)
    root (hd0,0)
    kernel /vmlinuz-2.4.21-1 ro root=/dev/sda2
    initrd /initrd-2.4.21-1.img

# section to load Windows
title Windows
    rootnoverify (hd0,0)
    chainloader +1

To remove the windows option, just comment it out like this:

default=0
timeout=10
splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz

# section to load Linux
title Red Hat Enterprise Linux (2.4.21-1.ent)
    root (hd0,0)
    kernel /vmlinuz-2.4.21-1 ro root=/dev/sda2
    initrd /initrd-2.4.21-1.img

# section to load Windows
#title Windows
#    rootnoverify (hd0,0)
#    chainloader +1

Make sure to comment out everything underneath that option.  They should all be tabbed out one or two, so you can kind of see what's what.


After upgrading dual boot system from 19.04 to 19.10, unable to boot into Windows from grub menu

The instructions on boot-repair report tell you to boot into Windows (as you do now by changing boot order) and then:

For example you can boot into Windows, then type the following command in an admin command prompt:
bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi

Do this from Windows and then if it doesn't work revise your question with current status / new issues.

Also note boot-repair created 7 custom entries to boot Windows and Ubuntu from UEFI. In my experience they won't all work. After you fix the booting issues see this answer:

Boot-Repair created too many grub menu entries for Windows


I just cannot seem to partition...(Windows Vista)

When installing Ubuntu, it will ask you if you want to A) erase all partitions/data and install a fresh setup B) partition the hard drive between Windows Vista and Ubuntu, thus creating a dual boot.

If you select to partition, you will then decide how much space to allocate to Ubuntu and windows.

Now if you still want to partition before installing, ill explain some basics. First of all, you can not edit partitions awhile the hard drive is mounted. Mounted means in use and communiting with your computer. So you can't edit the partitions on your Windows Vista hard drive while using it. You will have to use a Ubuntu live usb, boot into Ubuntu, unmount your vista hdd, then finally use gparted to edit your partitions. You could also install a second hard drive (if its a desktop) and then boot into whatever OS is on the hard drive, finally proceeding to unmout the vista hard drive, etc.

A word of caution: manually partitioning is very dangerous! Even erasing an empty partition of swap space can render all your data unreachable. Data recovery is messy business that you don't want to get caught in. The wisest action would be to let the Ubuntu partition do all the partitioning.

If this doesn't address your issue tell me in a comment.


How to setup dual-screen monitors in xorg.conf using Nvidia TwinView?

Following configuration has been working for me with two Dell U2312HM, back when I was using Nvidia TwinView, but don't just do copy & paste.

# nvidia-settings: X configuration file generated by nvidia-settings
# nvidia-settings:  version 1.0  (buildd@yellow)  Fri Apr  9 11:51:21 UTC 2010

Section "ServerLayout"
        Identifier      "Layout0"
        Screen  0       "Screen0" 0 0
#       InputDevice     "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard"
#       InputDevice     "Mouse0" "CorePointer"
        Option          "Xinerama" "0"
EndSection

Section "Files"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
        # generated from default
        Identifier      "Mouse0"
        Driver          "mouse"
        Option          "Protocol" "auto"
        Option          "Device" "/dev/psaux"
        Option          "Emulate3Buttons" "no"
        Option          "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
        # generated from default
        Identifier      "Keyboard0"
        Driver          "kbd"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
        # HorizSync source: edid, VertRefresh source: edid
        Identifier      "Monitor0"
        VendorName      "DELL"
        ModelName       "DELL U2312HM"
        HorizSync       30.0 - 83.0
        VertRefresh     56.0 - 76.0
        Option          "DPMS"
EndSection

Section "Device"
        Identifier      "Device0"
        Driver          "nvidia"
        VendorName      "NVIDIA Corporation"
        BoardName       "GeForce 210"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
        Identifier      "Screen0"
        Device          "Device0"
        Monitor         "Monitor0"
        DefaultDepth    24
        Option          "TwinView" "1"
        Option          "TwinViewXineramaInfoOrder" "DFP-0"
        Option          "metamodes" "DFP-0: 1920x1080_60 +0+0, DFP-1: 1920x1080_60 +1920+0"
        SubSection      "Display"
                Depth       24
        EndSubSection
EndSection


What are the differences between Lubuntu, Kubuntu, and Ubuntu?

Ubuntu is the original creation for better or worse. It aims to be a 'modern' desktop system with a lot of eye candy. For older systems, it probably is not the best system as it is somewhat heavy on your system, although most likely not as heavy as Windows. Canonical (the company that is the creator of Ubuntu) has taken a lot of flak lately for going more their own way instead of staying with the community that helped develop Ubuntu. Unlike Microsoft or Apple products, Linux is heavily community-based. While there are some people who get paid to work on Linux, the overwhelming majority do this out of their own good will. Ubuntu was originally based on the Gnome desktop enviros. Canonical has abandoned those in favor or their own original desktop system. There was some effort made to retain a Gnome-LIKE environment alternative, but I am unsure if Canonical has abandoned that for later versions.

In the past, as in all things Linux, some people decided they wanted to make a different version of Ubuntu. One version is based on the KDE desktop environment. It is like how different version of Windows look different, but it would be more akin to how Apple looks and feels different. One thing about KDE is there are a lot of options. For your average user it may be overwhelming. If you like lots of things to play with, then Kubuntu is a nice choice. Personally, I like Kubuntu. There are a lot of applications included designed to fit with the style and theme of Kubuntu. If you prefer a more traditional menu-style system, Kubuntu would be better although you are not limited to using it that way.

Lubuntu is a nice alternative. It is based on the LXDE environment which aims to be lightweight. It's a great distro (short for distribution) for old systems (not ancient systems) as it aims to keep the impact on your system low. However, some people just like Lubuntu on their newer systems because it runs fast and takes up less resources. I'm not sure if there are any apps specifically designed for Lubuntu, but the apps that are included are picked because they are lightweight too. They won't have all the bells and whistles of apps on vanilla Ubuntu or on Kubuntu, but neither are they stripped. (Most users only use a small percent of all the features in a given program, so the programs focus on the most common used items.)

Side note: A new distro called LXLE based on Lubuntu was recently announced:
"LXLE, which is short for “Lubuntu Extra Life Extension,” is actually based on Lubuntu 12.04, but it adds many extra features. First and foremost, LXLE is designed “to try to remain as light as possible while providing an incredibly rich environment of programs, features, and aesthetics,” the project team explains."
http://www.pcworld.com/article/2031825/have-an-older-pc-try-the-new-ubuntu-linux-based-lxle.html
-- If might be worth looking at if Lubuntu interests you, but you may want to stick with Lubuntu if you looking for something that already has been established for a whiles...

It's a lot personal opinion and/or preference. Underneath, both Kubuntu and Lubuntu are based off of Ubuntu's underworkings. Strictly speaking, the changes are more than just the desktop environments, but for practical purposes that's the easiest way to view it.

You might also look at Linux Mint which is based off of Ubuntu too. It's grown from a small but popular alternative to Ubuntu to become somewhat of a rival project spawning over different desktop enviros. Right now it is based over a combination of Cinnamon (a fork, similar to how Kubuntu and Lubuntu are forks of Ubuntu, of Gnome 3) and Mate (which is what Gnome 2 has changed to). Linux Mint was designed to provide a complete experience right out of the box without having to download additional packages after installing the OS. Personally I found it lighter weight than Ubuntu in the past and a crisper interface. It's a nice fit between Ubuntu and Lubuntu. They also have a (relatively) new KDE version of Mint.

Just in case you are wondering, desktop environments are not limited to Ubuntu. They tend to be developed independently of the OS so they can fit into different Linux distributions. And yes, you can actually install multiple desktop environments onto the same installation, but things can start looking quite messy (as each environment has their own particular set of applications which may not be on the others) although generally everything runs okay. Aside from being a mess, you get to pick at login which desktop to use which can be kind of fun if not necessarily the best experience.

For Ubuntu, Kubuntu, and Lubuntu I recommend going with 12.04. That is a long-term support release and will give you more time to get use to them. Mint follows their own numbering scheme. Mint 14 is the latest version.

That's probably a lot of info, and that's just an overview. As others said, the best way is to just try each one out. If you have a spare machine, you can create one of more environments and install a distro of your choice. After installing, you'll get a menu when you boot up to boot to Windows or Linux. Have fun! =)


Installation on 3 HD setup: mdadm is missing

It's tricky, but doable.

Start a live CD
Install madam
Manually do the RAID configuration
Do installation over mdX devices
Before rebooting you need to chroot on /target and install mdadm.
Reboot and enjoy.

The hard part is step no.5. You can try this page for some directions.


How to print multiline variables in side-by-side columns in bash?

Meet paste, part of the preinstalled GNU core utilities:

$ paste <(printf %s "$varA") <(printf %s "$varB")
Aug 01  04:25
Aug 04  07:28
Aug 16  03:39
Aug 26  10:06

paste takes files and not variables as input, so I used bash Process Substitution and just printed the variable content with printf. The default delimiter between columns is TAB, you can change that with the -d option, e.g. paste -d" " for a single space character. To learn more about paste have a look at the online manual or run info '(coreutils) paste invocation'.


Unable to install Oracle SQL Developer 4.0.2 (4.0.2.15.21) from rpm file

You should first convert .rpm file to .deb which is the installation file format in ubuntu.

sudo alien -d sqldeveloper-4.0.2.15.21-1.noarch.rpm

Then install that .deb file by :

sudo dpkg -i sqldeveloper-4.0.2.15.21-1.noarch.deb


How can we connect the samba Domain server w/ LDAP backend from Ubuntu client?

Click the link below for the solution:
How to configure Ubuntu as an LDAP client?

Addtional - To make ldap user a sudoer:

I got it from Ubuntu LDAP Admins and GUI Root Passwords.

In file:

/etc/polkit-1/localauthority.conf.d/51-ubuntu-admin.conf

Here's what the file looks like:

[Configuration]
AdminIdentities=unix-group:admin

Simply add in your network group, separated by a semicolon:

[Configuration]
AdminIdentities=unix-group:admin;unix-group:Domain Admins


It depends what you mean by ".csv file"

In the general case (where quoted CSV fields may contain embedded separator characters, like "foo,bar",baz) you will need to use a tool that can correctly parse that such as one of the Perl / Python / Ruby modules - or Miller.

Ex. given:

$ cat file.csv
ONE,TWO,THREE,FOUR,FIVE,SIX,SEVEN,EIGHT,NINE,TEN,ELEVEN,TWELVE

then

$ mlr --csv --implicit-csv-header --headerless-csv-output put '$11 = tolower($11)' file.csv
ONE,TWO,THREE,FOUR,FIVE,SIX,SEVEN,EIGHT,NINE,TEN,eleven,TWELVE

For simple comma delimited fields, you could use Awk or even Sed:

$ awk -F, 'BEGIN{OFS=FS} {$11 = tolower($11)} {print}' file.csv
ONE,TWO,THREE,FOUR,FIVE,SIX,SEVEN,EIGHT,NINE,TEN,eleven,TWELVE

$ sed -E 's/([^,]+)/\L\1/11' file.csv
ONE,TWO,THREE,FOUR,FIVE,SIX,SEVEN,EIGHT,NINE,TEN,eleven,TWELVE


The specs on the page you refer to seem promising. Of those I would only point to an issue if your ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4250 Graphics Is less than 512MB (The specs reads: Up to 1917MB but it doesn't mean that it already has that amount of MB).

Your microprocessor is good enough to have a good experience when playing but you may expect some lag and choppy graphics, especially on Team Fortress 2.

Counter Strike will run smoother.

Just make sure that your GPU is good for 512MB min and install. As I say, you will be able to run it, but the results will depend on your Microprocessor's speed and GPU physical memory.

Good luck!


Note that the method described above doesn't work anymore since 15.04 and later, since Upstart was replaced by Systemd. As described here, one can now disable lightdm like this:

16.04 upward

systemctl disable lightdm.service

15.04, 15.10

systemctl disable lightdm


How to remove JDK and keep JRE in ubuntu 16.04

Just do:

sudo apt-get purge openjdk-8-jdk
sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jre


Ubuntu Partitioning of a single primary volume

Before starting, make sure to have a backup just in case.

1. Boot From Media

You can't have the EXT4 partition mounted while doing what you will need to do. You'll need to boot from a live USB or other Linux media to accomplish the task since it's the root filesystem.

2. Fsck the EXT4 Partition

If there are unhandled errors in the filesystem before resizing it's significantly more likely that the resize will result in corruption and loss of data. Run an e2fsck on the filesystem to make sure everything is ready to go.

3. Shrink EXT4 Filesystem

Since we're booted from the media we can have the partition unmounted. You'll next use the resize2fs command to resize the filesystem to the desired smaller size.

4. Shrink Partition

You can use, from command line, fdisk or parted to adjust the size of the partition. (There are other utilities but these are the most commonly used CLI utilities for partitioning).

5. Create New Partition

Using the same utilities listed before (fdisk or parted) you can now use the new disk space to create your new partition.

6. Create NTFS Filesystem on New Partition

(If you don't have the necessary NTFS utility installed yet, make sure to install it. The package name can vary by Linux distribution.)

Use mkfs.ntfs to create the NTFS filesystem on the newly created partition.

Voila, you have your new partition with NTFS. You can now reboot and boot your system normally. I've linked each command specified to their relative man pages so that if you are unfamiliar with them you can learn them. I wouldn't recommend using any of these commands before fully understanding what they do.


Can't boot after resizing/creating a partition

Try to update GRUB first.

Boot into repair mode if you can :

Use the following command :

update-grub

If it still dont work :

Fixing reboot/shutdown freezes

If your machine freezes upon attempts to shutdown or reboot, try modifying /etc/default/grub. Open the file with gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub (graphical interface) or sudo nano /etc/default/grub (command-line). Any other plaintext editor (Vim, Emacs, Kate, Leafpad) is fine too. Find the line that starts with GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT and add reboot=bios to the end.

If done properly it should result in something like GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash reboot=bios"

Then save the file, run sudo update-grub and reboot in any way that's possible for you. After that, reboots and shutdowns should start working properly.

With certain hardware (notably DELL) the kernel parameter that you add needs to be reboot=pci (instead of reboot=bios), the procedure remains the same.

Edit *

To Reinstall the bootloader use :

sudo grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/ubuntu/boot /dev/sda


Laptop automatically suspend when I connect any USB device

After several observations of log, I found TLP is creating problem so I uninstalled it and the issue is solve...


Can't upgrade from Ubuntu Mate 19.10 to 20.04

Start with installing all updates to the current system by

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Then start upgrade to 20.04 LTS with

update-manager -c -d


How to copy files from Shell CLI into USB or CD

Once you've booted off the live media you have created you should be able to mount a target USB device as well as your source partition(s) and copy the data you require over to the target device (your forum post indicates that you already have a backup).

After you have copied all your required data you can simply install as normal.


How to install lib32-gnutls in Ubuntu 14.04 32bit

I had the same problem and solved with this: basically you have to open playonlinux, choose right click League of legends -> Registry editor and then delete:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Wine\DllOverrides


This workaround may help you:

sudo apt-get clean
sudo mv /var/lib/apt/lists /var/apt/lists.old
mkdir -p /var/lib/apt/lists/partial
sudo apt-get update


Uninstall Intel Graphics for Linux 1.20 on Ubuntu 15.04

Well, I have the same question. Nobody's answering it. I've posted at Ubuntu Forums but am getting no satisfaction. But, I think the answer to your question is this:

http://theclonker.de/?p=89

You will have to modify the commands for your release. (Look for the line --->  Pin: release a=vivid*) Then, find out what dkms package you're using:

dpkg --list *dkms

You should get something like this:

ii  i915-4.0.4-3.19-dkms

So if, like me, you're using 15.04 (vivid), then you're probably using the same dkms package. And so:

Open a new Terminal (CTRL+Alt+T) and execute

gksudo gedit /etc/apt/preferences.d/intel-removal

Paste this code in the File and save it (don't forget to change the Ubuntu version if you're not using vivid):

    Package: *
    Pin: release a=vivid*
    Pin-Priority: 1001

    Package: *
    Pin: origin download.01.org
    Pin-Priority: -100

And then (don't forget to change the dkms package below if it's not the same):

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

sudo rm /etc/apt/preferences.d/intel-removal

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/intellinuxgraphics.list*

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get purge i915-4.0.4-3.19-dkms intel-linux-graphics-installer


Windows stomps all over Linux when you install it, so you will need to

Backup your $HOME folder and all data & folders beneath it
Install Windows 8.1
Reinstall Linux
Copy the $HOME folder contents from backup

The comment above has much useful information, but steps 2 & 3 will take you less than an hour and are not at all complicated. As to steps 1 and 4, well, that depends on how much data you have collected.


Can't acces NAS anymore after upgrading to 20.04

Same issue here.

Since version 4, both Samba Server & Samba Clients do not allow an older level of protocols negotiation.
You have to enable them in smb.conf file

Edit /etc/samba/smb.conf file (need root permissions)

in the [global] section, add the following line

client min protocol = NT1

Save the file and exit the editor.

You must restart the Samba Service for this change to take effect. In a terminal, enter this command:

sudo service smbd restart

You should be able to access your samba shares successfully. If you cannot connect to your samba share, you can lower even more the protocol security in smb.conf (not recommended), by using:

client min protocol = CORE

Cheers!


GNOME launcher and settings dissappeared

Launch a terminal with a hotkey :

CTRL + ALT + T

Install aptitude and reinstall gnome-shell

sudo apt-get install aptitude

sudo aptitude reinstall gnome-shell

For the next step you'll need to go to another place on the desktop and it can work to run the previous steps in case the hotkey doesn't work

CTRL + ALT + F1

You'll be presented with a login on the terminal.
Type your user name and provide the password for your account

Finally reboot

sudo reboot

Edit :

I think "sudo" doesn't find the reboot command in that case do :

sudo su (you will be asked for root password)
reboot


Buggy versions of the Linux kernel were uploaded on October 7 to trusty-proposed and vivid-proposed. Corrected replacement packages are about to be uploaded - see bug #1503655.

Version 3.13.0-66.107 (trusty) will be replaced by version 3.13.0-66.108
Version 3.19.0-31.35 (vivid) will be replaced by version 3.19.0-31.36

The developer Luis Henriques has made the updated packages for amd64 systems available in advance; please see this bug comment.

See also this answer: Remove linux version 3.19.31

Update 2015-10-08:

The corrected packages have now replaced the buggy ones in trusty-proposed and viviv-proposed.


How do gsettings interact and/or conflict with exported enviroment variables? (Ubuntu 20.04)

As I couldn't find creditable sources, I would say: "AFAIK, there is no global setting for PROXY in the current distributions of GNU/Linux & BSD. It is all up to the end user application to use or ignore proxy setting at any level: environment vars, desktop environment, config ... Similar case to DNS"
So, for many net tools (like: apt, firefox, wget, ...) they have their own proxy settings and priority list.
If you are looking for tool from Gnome Desktop Environment. Then probably, this is the interesting part:
gnome-core → glib-networking → libproxy1v5

Config Modules
Config modules read proxy configuration from a source. Every config module has a type.  There are three confnig
types:  SYSTEM   Defines configuration on a system-wide
basis   USER     Defines configuration on a user-wide basis
 SESSION  Defines configuration for this current login
session only  A module can also choose to have no config type.
The config module sources (as of 0.4.15) are:  direct
always return direct://, this is the global fallback
 envvar  reads http_proxy, https_proxy, ftp_proxy and no_proxy environment variables  gnome  reads gconf (SESSION)  gnome3  reads gsettings (SESSION)  kde  reads kconfig (SESSION)  wpad  always returns wpad://, this is used to fall back on autodetect if desired
By default, modules are called in the following order:

USER
SESSION
SYSTEM
envvar
wpad
direct

The order within the categories is undefined and could be random. If
a module says it can't find the configuration, the next module is
tried.
The module order can be manually specified through an environmental
variable (PX_CONFIG_ORDER).  The order indicated in this variable
does not replace the internal order, but prepends to it.  Thus, if you wanted to prefer (for forcing a module, see whitelist/blacklist
above) the usage of envvar, you would specify the following which
would put envvar first in the list: export PX_CONFIG_ORDER=config_envvar
You can also lock-down the module order for all users on a system
using /etc/proxy.conf.  This feature is not yet documented (any
volunteers!?).

Source: https://github.com/libproxy/libproxy/wiki/HowTo#config-modules


How to 'opt-out' an application from GNOME Global Dark Theme?

Not directly a solution however you could use a different theme that is essentially a dark theme but doesn't affect the application interior like Numix.

It's the best of both worlds in my opinion:


What is a commandline utility to shorten input?

The cut command might fit your needs:

echo "1234567890" | cut -c 6-

Outputs:

67890


Set picassa photo viewer as default app for image

You can use the command mimeopen, in a terminal go to the folder where you have some pictures with extensions, you should do it for every extension. Suppose for picture named image.jpg. Run the command:

mimeopen -d image.jpg

You will get a popup menu, where you can see some options, here is sample of my apps:

$ minemimeopen -d e.jpg
Please choose a default application for files of type image/jpeg

    1) Wine Internet Explorer  (wine-extension-jpe)
    2) Wine Internet Explorer  (wine-extension-jfif)
    3) gThumb  (gthumb)
    4) Pinta  (pinta)
    5) Image Viewer  (gpicview)
    6) Shutter  (shutter)
    7) Firefox Web Browser  (firefox)
    8) Shotwell Viewer  (shotwell-viewer)
    9) GIMP Image Editor  (gimp)
    10) Other...

AS you can notice you could see some wine apps so if you find picasa choose it, else choose other(10) and type the command that runs your picasa. It looks like

wine ~/.wine/drive_c/myapps/foo.exe


How do I change the minimum space on a partition?

I have a similar issue, brand new laptop, 1tb hhd and for some reason when i installed ubuntu it decided to use the entire drive into an lvm2pv mounting on ubuntu-vg, this has 900gb partitioned to it, and will only allow me to re-size 8MiB when i need atleast 100gb to dual boot steamos.

Here are some links with pictures:

This one is on how to setup a bootable usb/cd for Ubuntu 14.04.

And one on how to re-size your Ubuntu partition from the trial version of Ubuntu.

You will need the bootable usb/cd to boot from in order to access the trial version of Ubuntu.

I found something helpful online, it requires you have a usb or cd that you can write on and time.

Making sure no one skips this part:

DO NOT UNPLUG THE USB OR EJECT THE CD, AND IF YOU CAN BACK UP YOUR MACHINE.

^ This will make more sense as your read on. ^

Step 1:

Plug in usb or cd, must be 4gb or larger. SD and Micro SD cards work but only with usb adapters (you can write on the by plugging them in directly but machines will only see them during boot if they are in a disk drive or usb port)

Step 2:

Open start up disk creator

You're going to need the ubuntu 14.04 iso files which you can download from their website

Step 3:

In start up disk creator, there should be 2 boxes

Box 1: Source disc image(.iso)

Box 2: Disk to use:

Box 1 will contain the location of the ubuntu iso you just downloaded, box 2 contains information on the usb drives or cd currently mounted. If there is anything on the usb device or cd, back it up and erase the disk.

After the disk has been erased, make sure that the iso and the disk you want to convert into a start up drive are highlighted. Then click make startup disk.

It may take a little while to finish.

Step 4:

With the disk still  in the cd drive or usb plugged in, shut down your machine and start it back up. At the first loading screen hit ESC (may vary depending on machine) to access the boot menu. Once at this menu make sure you select the usb/cd and choose to try Ubuntu 14.04.

Step 5: In the trial version of ubuntu you will be logged into a temporary ubuntu session. Open up gparted, your computers hard drive should now be unmounted or at the least unmountable.

You should now be able to re-size your partition without any size restrictions, it may take a while to complete the task of resizing the partition depending on how much space you are trying to free up as well as how powerful your machine is.

Oh and whatever you do

DO NOT UNPLUG THE USB OR EJECT THE CD, AND IF YOU CAN BACK UP YOUR MACHINE.

If the process is interrupted at all it can damage your version of Ubuntu and for you to have to re-install Ubuntu. Like i had to because i  was rushing. If you don't know how to back up Ubuntu there should be plenty of resources online that you can google (Ex Search: How to backup Ubuntu 14.04)

Hope this helps and hope its not confusing in anyway. Good luck!


Changing User-Name on https://myapps.developer.ubuntu.com/dev/

I don't believe you can change your sign-in name, as the login is based on the Ubuntu / Launchpad OpenID service, and the sign-in name is part of the URI that uniquely identifies your user.


I haven't been able to find any "sure" solution but some recommend starting Chromium with software graphics rendering using chromium-browser --disable-gpu

Are there any crash reports in:

~/.config/chromium/Crash Reports ?

Information on advanced debugging for Chromium:

https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/lkcr/docs/linux_debugging.md

https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/forum/#!topic/chromium-dev/CzbTlWAQEEc

I suggest filing a bug report if you are unable to find a solution easily:

https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/95315?hl=en


According to the log you have to do the following: "I am assuming you are using play on linux"

Select Configure
Select Configure Wine
Select Librairies
You seem to be missing api-ms-win-crt-runtime-l1-1-0

You might need to add some other overrides so check your log and add accordingly.


Error when boot: Could not write bytes: broken pipe

Does this Forum Post Help?

Error: could not write bytes: Broken pipe

In case you cant see it:

CTRL-ALT-F1 (to get a CLI)
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get purge nvidia-*
sudo apt-get install invida-current-updates

and just in case:

sudo rm .Xauthority


Live USB for Ubuntu 15.10 keeps freezing

Alright, I found the solution. All I had to do was boot the live USB on both Ubuntu and Fedora with the nomodesetcommand for the boot option in GRUB.

I didn't need to change any settings in the BIOS.

This is where I found the instructions
My computer boots to a black screen, what options do I have to fix it?


How do I find my user name in recovery mode?

A user's home directory name will usually be the same as the username, so one way would be

ls /home

A more formal way would be to look at the password entries for non-system users e.g.

getent passwd | awk -F: '$3 > 999 {print $1}'


Ubuntu Boots Directly into Guest Session

Check lightdm configuration file (/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf) for below lines,

allow-guest=true/false
autologin-guest = true/false


Can I write a file with only read permission?

I ran vim using strace. I created a file in /tmp named "abc" with content "foo", set it read-only (chmod 400 abc), opened it in vim (strace -o vim.log vim abc) and saved it using ":wq!".

Here is the strace log:

...
getcwd("/tmp", 4096)                    = 5
write(1, "\33[?25l\"abc\"", 11)         = 11
stat("abc", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0400, st_size=4, ...}) = 0
getxattr("abc", "system.posix_acl_access", 0x7fff5725fd60, 132) = -1 ENODATA (No data available)
stat("abc", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0400, st_size=4, ...}) = 0
getuid()                                = 1000
chmod("abc", 0100600)                   = 0
open("abc", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0600) = 9
write(9, "foo\n", 4)                    = 4
fsync(9)                                = 0
close(9)                                = 0
chmod("abc", 0100400)                   = 0
setxattr("abc", "system.posix_acl_access", "\x02\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x04\x00\xff\xff\xff\xff\x04\x00\x00\x00\xff\xff\xff\xff \x00\x00\x00\xff\xff\xff\xff", 28, 0) = 0
...

We can see that vim calls stat to get the current permission, then the equivalent of chmod(u+w), then the write, then it restores the original permissions (in this case, chmod(400)).


Getting command-not-found working under zsh

You have to source it in your .zshrc:

if [[ -s '/etc/zsh_command_not_found' ]]; then
  source '/etc/zsh_command_not_found'
fi

The script is part of the package command-not-found:

$ apt-cache search zsh_command_not_found
> command-not-found: /etc/zsh_command_not_found


Keyboard Shortcut for loading file into julia

There is no really easy way, but there are ways. Nautilus supports scripts by itself. You can write them, then store them in ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/ and use them by rightclicking on the file(s) and select the script to use.
This is covered in more detail e.g. here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NautilusScriptsHowto

By using the environment-variables initialized by Nautilus..

NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS
- newline-delimited paths for selected files (only if local)
NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS
- newline-delimited URIs for selected files

..you can then do a script like:

#!/bin/bash

cd $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI
eval ${NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS##*/}

gnome-terminal -x sh -c 'julia -L ${NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS##*/}; exec bash'

where you change into the current directory, eval if something is selected at all and with gnome-terminal -x start a new shell with the continous-option -c and launch Julia. The -L flag imports a file into your Julia shell. the ##*/ takes everything from the string starting at the last /.

store the script in ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/, make sure to set the right privileges with chmod +x yourScript.sh and try running it by selecting a file in nautilus, rightclicking it and running the script.

for the keybinding check out Changing nautilus key

I hope this works for you,

Gewure


Please read the MAAS docs on how to register a cluster.  However, this should not be required for the autopilot.  The autopilot can work on just a single region/cluster master (one machine).  There is no need for the federated capabilities of MAAS to be put into use.


Your HD have ATA and AHCI modes?

Try to change those options in BIOS menu.

If this option is ATA, then change it to AHCI.
If this option is AHCI, then change it to ATA.

EDIT:

Try to install Ubuntu with Windows Installer.

After you reinstall using Bootable Pendrive


Does sharing a connection with a chromebook make my desktop insecure

Even though your Ubuntu machine and your Chrome book are on the same local network, the Chromebook (and the apps on it) cannot access anything on your Ubuntu machine, unless you've specifically made things available from the Ubuntu machine.  For example, unless you've set up NFS (or similar) on the Ubuntu machine, none of the drives or their contents can be read from the Chromebook.
The bottom line is, unless you've explicitly said to your Ubuntu machine, "Go ahead and let others see this or that," the data on your Ubuntu machine is safe from the apps you've installed on your Chromebook.


Truecrypted Windows 7 missing in Grub2 after upgrade

The problem is that Ubuntu has no idea what are those partition about:

sda1: ____________________________________________________

    File system:
    Boot sector type:  Unknown
    Boot sector info:
    Mounting failed:   mount: unknown filesystem type ''

sda2: ____________________________________________________

    File system:
    Boot sector type:  Unknown
    Boot sector info:
    Mounting failed:   mount: unknown filesystem type ''
mount: unknown filesystem type ''

So, you need to tell Ubuntu how to read it. For this you should try mounting the encrypted filesystem and save your data first. Download the Linux version of Truecrypt from a secure source (truecrypt.sourceforge.com is not secure anymore). This step is done as precaution. Do the same with the contents of the /boot directory.

Now, verify you have installed in the live installation the cryptsetup package. It should be able to detect truecrypt filesystems without problems. Now, use grub-install to fix your boot:

sudo mkdir /mnt/{boot,ntfs1,ntfs2}
sudo cryptsetup --type tcrypt open /dev/sda1 /mnt/ntfs1
sudo cryptsetup --type tcrypt open /dev/sda2 /mnt/ntfs2
sudo mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/boot
sudo grub-install --boot-director=/mnt/boot /dev/sda

Then, I expect that before doing this you have, a full image of the disk, back up of your important information, etc. since I cannot guarantee it would work (ie, grub blowing up the truecrypt bootloader).


Kernel panic on boot after upgrade to 20.04.1

fsck
To check/repair your old disk...
- boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB in “Try Ubuntu” mode

open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
type sudo fdisk -l
identify the /dev/sdXX device name for your "Linux Filesystem"
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sdXX, replacing sdXX with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors

- type reboot
BIOS
Asus Prime X470-Pro
You have BIOS 4024, from 09/07/2018.
There's a newer BIOS available, version 5603, dated 8/10/2020, and can be downloaded here.
Note: Confirm that I have the correct web page for your motherboard.
Note: Have good backups before updating the BIOS.
memory
Ryzen processors have notorious memory compatibility issues.
Let's run a memory test...
Go to https://www.memtest86.com/ and download/run their free memtest to test your memory. Get at least one complete pass of all the 4/4 tests to confirm good memory. This may take many hours to complete.
Compatible memory list: https://www.asus.com/us/Motherboards/PRIME-X470-PRO/HelpDesk_QVL/
Update #1:
Boot to Recovery Mode and type:
sudo update-initramfs -c -k $(uname -r)
reboot
Update #2:
We reinstalled Ubuntu.


Can't find what package to install to get a proper Qtmultmedia gstreamer backend

Just solved my issue so maybe it will help you too.

Copy-past below:

The problem was that I had few two versions of PyQt5 and sip installed for Python3. One was in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/ and the other in ~/.local/lib/python3.6/site-pacages/. Completely deleting .local versions helped.


Will it create any critical problems if one always uses ''sudo poweroff"?

See here for an explanation of the differences between shutdown and poweroff.

As you can see, in your situation poweroff is essentially just invoking shutdown.  These are both safe (if you've saved important data and whatnot), SIGTERM (which tells processes to gracefully exit) is sent a few seconds before SIGKILL so that there shouldn't be any corruption.

Pressing the "Shut Down" button probably just calls one of these utilities.  You should probably figure out why that's not working.


I suggest, you boot your computer and wait, until your login hangs. Then you press Ctrl+Alt+F1 to get to the console and login there. After the login, move your entire home directory to a backup location and create an empty directory (sudo mv /home/ijeeves /home/old.ijeeves && sudo mkdir /home/ijeeves && sudo chown ijeeves:ijeeves /home/ijeeves).

This way, all application settings are removed from the normal place and you start with a blank account. You can move some of the directories containing the settings (starting with a dot) back to your new home directory, once you can login again.

If your home directory is encrypted (enter mount into the console and look for something like /home/ijeeves/.Private on /home/ijeeves type ecryptfs), you cannot use the solution above. Create an old directory inside your home directory (without sudo) and move all files and directories starting with a dot into that old dir.

mkdir old
ls -a # lists all files & dirs
mv a* b* c* d* e* f* g* h* i* j* k* l* m* n* o* p* q* r* s* t* u* v* w* x* y* z* old
ls -a
mv (remaining dot files & dirs) old


Please remove installation media and close tray message inside Virtual Box

Just to be clear: you can just hit enter when you see this message after installing inside Virtual Box and Ubuntu will restart normally.


I switched from fglrx-updates to xserver-xorg-video-ati and it solved both the unlock-able lock screen problem and the blank consoles problem.


Adding ntfs partition to fstab slows down boot time

I still couldn't figure out what I was doing wrong and I still don't know where to start to check for error messages about this and whatnot but after more research I ended up following instructions I got online to use Ubuntu's Disks application.

It was pretty straightforward, just open up Disks, select your partition, click the gear button, and hit edit mount options:

Select your mount options and it should add a line to your fstab file, mine looked this:

/dev/disk/by-uuid/<actual-uuid> /media/data auto nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show,x-gvfs-name=Data 0 0

I should say though I did this a few days ago and I couldn't remember if the options were default or if I looked them up. I've been tinkering about with this OS so much, I honestly don't remember a lot o what I did.

So if someone more knowledgeable about these options shed light on it, I would appreciate an edit.


Power management is built-in, tested and automatic with Ubuntu 13.04. How well it works depends on the condition, make and model of your battery and laptop.

Bumblebee does provide other functionality that is not built-in, as many laptops don't have the hardware that it manages.

TLP can be problematic and needs a lot of custom configuration. Laptop-tools is not needed anymore, all it's functions are now built-in.

I suspect most of the change you see is from Bumblebee, but I have not seen any objective, scientific tests on any of this. You can and should do your own experiments.


Peer authentication failed for user with all privileges in Postgres 9.5

Open /etc/postgresql/9.5/main/pg_hba.conf with root access

 sudo nano /etc/postgresql/9.5/main/pg_hba.conf

Change peer to md5 in these lines.

Before changing

# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local   all             all                                     peer
# IPv4 local connections:
host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            peer
# IPv6 local connections:
host    all             all             ::1/128                 peer

After your change

# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local   all             all                                     md5
# IPv4 local connections:
host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            md5
# IPv6 local connections:
host    all             all             ::1/128                 md5

Save the file with pressing Ctrl-O. Exit nano with Ctrl-X
Restart postgresql using

sudo service postgresql restart