How do I get rid of blank screen with fixed cursor to install Ubuntu from USB drive?

Solution that eventually worked for me:

Enable secure boot in the bios settings. This was the key at least for me. With secure boot disabled I got a blank screen.

Boot from USB stick that has the desktop image of Ubuntu mentioned in my first message (http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/releases/18.04.4/)

Before typing the enter key to proceed with Ubuntu install, type e. Then replace "quiet splash" with "nomodeset"

Type F10 to boot from there.


After upgrading to Ubuntu 18.04, display is like zoomed

I had the same problem, but figure it out that Zoom was active. Just go to Universal Access in Settings and disable Zoom.

Hope it helps.


Disable "Semi-maximize left" in Ubuntu 13.10

For 13.10

Open CompizConfig Setting Manager (ccsm)
Look for Ubuntu Unity Plugin in Desktop group  → General Tab:
Disable:

Key to vertically maximize the focused window to the right
Key to vertically maximize the focused window to the left

Or just run:

dconf write /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/window-right-maximize "'Disabled'"
dconf write /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/window-left-maximize "'Disabled'"

For 14.04

Open CompizConfig Setting Manager (ccsm)
Look for Grid in Window Management group  → Binding Tab:
Disable:

Left maximize
Right maximize

Or just run:

dconf write /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/grid/left-maximize "'Disabled'"
dconf write /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/grid/right-maximize "'Disabled'"


Can't install Bastille on ubuntu saucy 13.10

According to http://packages.ubuntu.com/bastille the package indeed no longer exists.

Normally, while there is a reason for a package to get removed, you can indeed install the older version by adding the relevant lines for the older Ubuntu release to your /etc/apt/sources.list (do not remove the lines for saucy, though):

sudo sh -c 'echo deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse >>/etc/apt.sources.list'
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bastille

Note that it appears buggy, so you may or may not have success in running – or even installing – it.


As DK Bose commented, the toolbar can be shown by going to the settings menu and then toggling on "Show Toolbar".

After doing this, though, the Toolbar would only be there during that session; I had to repeat that "toggling on" each kate-launch.

Perhaps its a bug, but after going to Settings > Configure Kate > Sessions and toggling between the settings below (and applying them), the inability to persist my "Show Toolbar" preference went away.

Initially, my selected behavior, on Application Startup, was "Manually choose a session".

As you can see below, I ultimately chose "Load last used session". After this, indirectly, the preference of "Show Toolbar" persisted to subsequent launches:


CIFS mount in FSTAB does not work after update

I actually do not know why, but after update the sec=ntlm option for cifs in fstab does not work anymore and forced me to use the option vers=1.0. After removing sec=ntlm it works again. I think the new version of cifs uses a more secure dialect.


Can anyone tell me why?

Upgrades have not, are not and never will be automatic. It always needs a manual confirmation or for you to switch repositories.

  And what should I do if I want to upgrade to the newest version manually?

check 'software & updates' and the 'updates' section and check that all the update are set to on. Bottom one is for checking for newer releases.

if this is all correct do a

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

all 3rd party software will be disabled and you need to manually turn these on again.


Move images from computer to usb thumb drive from terminal window ubuntu

I make some assumptions...

all of the pictures that you want to copy are in the ~/Pictures folder
only pictures are in the ~/Pictures folder
some pictures may be in sub-folders
the pictures could be .jpg, .png, or something else
you want to retain the same folder structure
you want to retain the same file attributes
you don't want to delete the original files
you know the mount point of your USB drive, and it's currently mounted
you have enough space on the USB drive

To copy everything...

mkdir /media/$USER/mount_point_to_USB_drive/Pictures
cp -an ~/Pictures/* /media/$USER/mount_point_to_USB_drive/Pictures

If you only want one kind of image, say .jpg's, then...

mkdir /media/$USER/mount_point_to_USB_drive/Pictures
cp -an ~/Pictures/*.jpg /media/$USER/mount_point_to_USB_drive/Pictures


Dell Vostro won't boot with a USB. When try to boot from it, it say “BOOT ERROR”

Try holding the Ctrl key during boot.  Some computers have a broken BIOS that numbers the devices incorrectly, but an alternative bit of boot code to work around this exists and is activated if you hold down Ctrl.


The error is that you mispelled the PPA. Try this:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gcc-4.7 g++-4.7

If it doesn't work, create the source file manually:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/toolchain.list

Paste this content:

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-toolchain-r/test/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-toolchain-r/test/ubuntu precise main

Save the file with Ctrl-K and then press Y
 key to confirm saving.

After adding those lines, issue this command to fix the key error:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 1E9377A2BA9EF27F

Then run these commands in the terminal

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gcc-4.7 g++-4.7


Boot freezes at "Loading Initial ramdisk" (urgent)

I suggest to boot in the last good working kernel and delete the newest kernel via synaptic. after that, try to reinstall the kernel via the update manager.

regards.


winegstreamer broken with >=glib-2.32.0, how to check the glib version in ubuntu?

dpkg -s libglib2.0-0 |grep Version should do the trick.


How to Shrink a Partion with data in the beginning

Because your root partition follows on the /home partition, it is indeed not easy to resize the root partition. Your only option would be to move the left boundary of the root partition to the right. That may be slow because all data also have to be moved. It is also not uncommon that a lengthy partition move fails. If it succeeds, you will be able to expand the /home directory in the space that was freed. That, in contrast, will be a very fast process.
It would have been a lot easier if the root partition was to the left. Then you could shrink it from the right. Resizing then would involve less data movement and be faster.
For sure, you could succeed with the repositioning. Just make sure you have good and up to date backups of your personal data, so that, in case the repartitioning does not succeed successfully, nothing is lost except an operating system that is reinstalled in less than an hour.
When working with computers, you never should be in a position that you are afraid of loosing data. Before anything else, make sure that you have a good backup of your user data. Nothing else matters, really.


Turn off auth in ubuntu 19.10 in all components

This worked for me.

No prompt on SUDO password.

Try edit /etc/sudoers with visudo:

# User privilege specification
root    ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

# Members of the admin group may gain root privileges
%admin ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

# Allow members of group sudo to execute any command
%sudo   ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

# This entry must be at the bottom to overide any of the above
your_username   ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

^O Write Out

^X Exit

The percent sign is used to indicate a group instead of a user.

In addition, any shortcut to a program must begin with sudo to make it work, e.g Exec=sudo synaptic-pkexec.

There is no need to delete your password.


How can I port packages from OpenSuSE to Ubuntu?

OpenSuse is built on .rpm packages which are not interchangeable with .debs.

Your best bet is to use "Alien" to repackage / transform RPM's to DEB

to get alien:

sudo apt-get install alien

alien RPM/how to


Why would a new repository automatically install packages?

You have already answered your question: PPA have newer versions of already installed packages, so after adding PPA and running apt-get update APT sees that newer versions are available and lists some packages as having updates.

You can get details by running apt-cache policy:

apt-cache policy python-chardet python-pkg-resources python-six \
python3-chardet python3-configobj python3-pkg-resources python3-requests \
python3-six python3-urllib3

and check their origin (see Version table).

Also you can check from where two new packages will be installed and why they will be installed (check with apt-cache rdepends):

apt-cache policy python3-certifi python3-idna
apt-cache rdepends python3-certifi python3-idna

You can consult man apt-cache for details.


Its simply called Ubuntu font. http://font.ubuntu.com
It is also the font used on Ask Ubuntu:

font-family: Ubuntu, Arial, "libra sans", sans-serif;

Here's a sample image of how Ubuntu Font looks like:


After viewing logs with journalctl, how do I exit the screen that says "lines 1-2/2 (END)"?

A smooth way to end that command is to hit q (for quit). It looks like it is viewed with the viewer less.

You can quit from this command and several other text mode programs with  q. In this case and several other cases you can also quit with the ctrl C interrupt, but it is 'more brutal'.


Broadcom BCM4331 not working on new Mac Mini 5,1

I got it working by following the instructions at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MacBookPro8-2#Wireless, namely:

  There is no official support yet in Ubuntu 12.04, but you can get it
  working with the following repository.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mpodroid/mactel
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install b43-fwcutter firmware-b43-installer

  For Precise, the Compat module should also be installed

sudo apt-get install linux-backports-modules-cw-3.3-precise-generic

  Edit the /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf and add the line:

blacklist ndiswrapper

  Create or edit the file /etc/pm/config.d/modules and make sure the
  wireless modules (b43 and bcma) are blacklisted:

SUSPEND_MODULES="b43 bcma"

  Reboot and the wireless should work.


I had the same problem.

sudo apt install libpangox-1.0-0

Fixed it for me.
For more information please have a look at my blog.


How To Remove Black Shadows On ubuntu 16.04

Install CCSM:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

search for it in dash, run, and change the following settings:

Window decoration -> Active Shadow -> Radius, set it to 0
Window decoration -> Inactive Shadow -> Radius, set it to 0

and reboot.


I recently created this program. It is a randr front-end that creates a new resolution mode, sets it, saves the selection and remains the same on reboot.

If that doesn't work for you, then google your monitor name, note the sync and refresh rates and place them into the xorg.conf file.


rm -rf and rmdir both giving error cannot remove, directory not empty

found the problem.  The folder was the unencrpyted folder used in encfs.  an unencrypted file was written into the encrypted version located in folder .trans.


bash: syntax error with pandas.read_excel

If I start your command in a bash, I get an interesting

bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('

Start a Python interpreter by typing pythonEnter and then try the command again ;)

In my case, I get a

IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '080615_gene_expression.xlsx'

but in my case that's absolutely normal as I don't have your excel sheet.


How can I close all opening windows with a script?

You might want to use wmctrl -c. If you're trying to close gedit for example, it will ask you if you want to save unsaved files.

WIN_IDs=$(wmctrl -l | awk '$3 != "N/A" {print $1}')
for i in $WIN_IDs; do wmctrl -ic "$i"; done


Natty crashes randomly and jumps to login

Since installing xserver-xorg-video-intel package from the natty-proposed repository, i have never again experienced this bug.
Good Luck!


When the script /test/testcmd runs on the remote host it needs a /test/PROCESSLIST file in the remote host, in the same way it needs it in the local host (while [...]; do [...]; done < /test/PROCESSLIST).

That's what the error is about, but going further the script is going to break even when fixed this, since it also needs multiple /test/$proc files, whose actual names are determined at run-time based on /test/PROCESSLIST's content (if [...] grep -c /test/$proc [...]; then [...]; else [...]; fi).

In the end, you need to copy your local /test folder to the remote host:

scp -r /test test@Testhost:/test

However you'll very likely need to be root on the remote host in order to be able to copy it to /:

scp -r /test root@Testhost:/test

However root might be disabled / have no password set on the remote host; so a workaround would be to copy the folder in test's home directory and to copy it to / using sudo:

scp -r /test test@Testhost:~/test
ssh -t test@Testhost sudo mv ~/test /test


Cannot install DBIx::Class::Loader in order to make Catalyst Model DBIC

There is no need to use old approach (using script/myapp_create.pl model DBIC DBIC dbi:SQLite:db.db) to create Catalyst Model DBIC. The right way is use this command: script/myapp_create.pl model DBIC DBIC:Schema dbi:SQLite:db.db


cannot install ubuntu using dual boot......main problem is with partioning the system after entering into ubuntu using flash drive

I got your problem. You can install Ubuntu along with windows 8. Better check this site and follow the steps mentioned over there.
Install Ubuntu on windows 8
This will certainly help you with your problem.


Try installing non-server kernel first.

sudo apt-get install linux-image-generic

and reboot.


Ubuntu sensors, how to decrease temperatures' threshold?

With command:

sudo sensors -u coretemp-isa-0000

You can see what options are available for each physical chip.

Create file in /etc/sensors.d/:

sudo touch /etc/sensors.d/isa-coretemp

then edit new file with:

chip "coretemp-isa-0000"
   label temp2 "Core 0"
   compute temp2 @-20,@-20

   label temp3 "Core 1"
   compute temp3 @-20,@-20

Line label temp2 "Core 0" only change label;
Line compute temp2 @-20,@-20 reduce high temperature of 20 degrees
(first @-20) and critic temperature also of 20 degrees (second @-20)

Now, typing sensors you should see the new settings.

Note

Refer to man sensors.conf:

Only  certain  chips  support thermal sensor type change,
and even these usually only support some of the types above.
Please refer to the specific driver documentation to find out which types
are supported by your chip.

In theory, the BIOS should have configured the sensor types correctly,
so you shouldn't have to touch them, but sometimes  it isn't the case.


Unable to set custom icon on application launcher

I think you also need to Provide PNG versions in 16x16,24x24,36x36,48x48 ect. folders. Not just scalable! Maybe you can try the ubuntu-mono-light and ubuntu-mono-dark folders :)


How to install fonts in Ubuntu 19.04 / LibreOffice?

There are two location where fonts usually are automatically visible in e.g. Firefox, LibreOffice :

/usr/share/fonts/TTF/, and
~/.fonts/
Create the directory : $ mkdir .fonts

$ cp [font].ttf .fonts/


I had a similar issue with VLC media player on my 32bit laptop with Xubuntu 14.04 LTS. So I have tried different approaches, here's what solved it:
First put in terminal:
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras
sudo apt-get install libdvdcss2 libdvdnav4 libdvdread4
sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/install-css.sh
sudo apt-get install libav-tools
sudo apt-get autoremove

Then restart your pc. Afterwards, install the player "gxine". Don't know if both are necessary but I did it.
Try out a video file in VLC. If still not working, open VLC and go to
Tools > Preferences > Video
Make sure "Accelerated video output (Overlay)" and "Windows decorations" are checked. Look at "Output" and test all available options with a video that isn't working. See if you find an option that plays the video accurately. For me, it was "XVideoOutput (XCB)" but it could be a different one for your needs. You can leave the "Preferences" window open while testing. Videos should then also be working in gxine (don't ask me why, could be packages?).
To play encrypted DVDs look at this official site. Necessary packages are already included in code above.
Hope this works for you, too!


org.freedesktop.NetworkManager service file is provided by network-manager package.

$ grep -rl NetworkManager /etc/dbus-1/ /usr/share/dbus-1/
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/nm-pptp-service.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/nm-strongswan-service.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/nm-vpnc-service.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/nm-openvpn-service.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/nm-iodine-service.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/nm-openconnect-service.conf
/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher.service

$ dpkg -S /etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.conf
network-manager: /etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.conf

Try reinstalling it then reboot

sudo apt-get install --reinstall network-manager
sudo reboot


Java can't launch minecraft, these errors happen. Using Java Oracle

Java Oracle isn't the best solution for Minecraft. I'd suggest using OpenJDK instead. You can see how you install OpenJDK for Ubuntu, here

Luis Alvarado's explanation (as Meer Bong suggested in the last comment) is very complicated, and you don't need to install Minecraft via Wine, to make it work.

You simply download the Launcher from Minecraft's website (the file called minecraft.jar) and right click it, and open it via OpenJDK. Then, from the launcher menu, click the options button, and press the button "Force Update". Then it should work perfectly. It worked perfect for me, and I've had no trouble with Minecraft whatsoever.


Screen "Messed Up" during installation of Ubuntu 18.04/20.04 on Nvidia computer

a while ago I had some problems with graphics since an old laptop I used couldn't go through ubuntu's splash screen without crashing.
To solve this, hold shift during boot, eventually you'll see the GRUB menu, you then want to press "e"
https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/edit-grub-menu.jpg
you then want to find the line where it says "Linux" at the start
https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/editing-grub-to-fix-nvidia-issue.jpg?resize=800%2C343&ssl=1
go to the end of that line, and type
nomodeset

https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/editing-grub-to-fix-nvidia-issue-2.jpg?resize=800%2C320&ssl=1
then press F10 or CTRL + X to save and exit.
if this doesn't work for you I suggest loading ubuntu into the USB/CD again, also make sure your using the right partition scheme, depending on if your using Legacy/UEFI boot mode
sorry that I had to send image links I'm New and don't have enough rep to emb the links in


Unity does not use the categories from the .desktop files

If you run all the latest components of the Unity stack (specifically unity-place-applications >= 0.2.38) you'll see that it now respects the same categories as found in the Software Center  (if you click the dropdown next to the search entry you should hopefully see what I mean).

As for adding special emphasis on the educational apps in Edubuntu - that's certainly an option, I just don't think the Edubuntu team has had the time to keep on top of the rapid changes coming in for Unity.


Is it possible to receive email in "real time"?

You are comparing apples with oranges. What you were doing (with @live account) is using a Web mail application to check your email that fetch mails from the mail servers directly. No POP/SMTP sane configuration will allow you this since it causes overhead due the TCP protocol, and it wastes resources on the server, etc. Also, there is really no need for real-time emails nowadays. Email will be there (in the server) for years to come until you fetch it.

If you abuse the SMTP/POP protocol you might be blocked or throttled delaying even more the mails to reach your client.


Display Problems running Ubuntu 12.04 in Windows VMware Player

I had the same "mirroring" problem after updating my vmware 64 bit Ubuntu. The previous version was fine. I fixed the problem by copying

/lib/modules/3.2.0-30-generic/kernel/drivers/gpu/drm/vmwgfx/vmwgfx.ko

to

/lib/modules/3.2.0-65-generic/kernel/drivers/gpu/drm/vmwgfx/vmwgfx.ko

After renaming the original driver under 3.2.0-65. I don't know at what version the driver broke since "30" was the previous version that I had. 32 bit Ubuntu exhibited the same problem after updating. Downgrading the driver as above fixed it as well.


How do I set the default sort order in open file dialog to "Name"?

Run dconf-editor (I assume that you've already installed dconf-tools package),
then navigate to org->gtk->settings->file-chooser and set value of key sort-column to name
or simple click on "Set to Default" button


How to configure mail for local use only

mailx needs to be configured in order to receive messages from local users. The easiest way to configure mailx is to install sendmail with sudo apt-get sendmail and the sendmail program will work for 3 to 5 minutes when it is being installed and it will configure mailx automatically. sendmail requires additional configuration to send mail via the internet, which I will skip here because your question is about how to use the mailx program to send a message to a local user.

Then type mailx to start the program and after the ? prompt type the number of a message to read it in the terminal. It can take a few minutes to get a notification that you have received a new message after it is sent. Then you will see that the new message has been added to the list of messages in your inbox.

If you get the error message: cannot send message: Process exited with non-zero status that means that mail did not exit correctly. The way to avoid getting this error message is to make the next line after the end of the body of the message a newline containing only the . character and press Enter. This indicates the end of the message. Then press the keyboard combination Ctrl+C to quit composing the message.


MySQL not starting and preventing os from booting to gui

The issue boils down to an out of storage, a natural fix will be to clear log files, temporary files and trash files this can however trigger more issues as the folders for mysql and apache2 under the /var/log folder will not be there. after clearing, you will need to create those folders and give them the appropriate ownership and file permissions.

Other issues while running in recovery mode were:

checking disk information using both df -Th or du will show disparity between total, used and available space i.e. total_disk_space - used_space > available_space for me by 7Gb. for now my best guess is that it is the space reserved for recovery as i could create and save files in recovery.
The state of the disk seemed sketchy as regards read/write you might delete some files to free up space and they wont be deleted if such arise, well you wont see it until you restart and check again. so after deleting if it still refuses to boot go and check the deleted files again
File system check will not run before i freed up some space but forcing it worked by creating a file like so: touch /forcefsck


To solve that I added myself to the group that owns the port device (the dialup or dialout group from memory). Either that or make the port device world writable.


You would add disks to your /etc/fstab file the same way as you would in Kubuntu, providing a line defining the device file, the file system, mount point, and other relevant options.  Kubuntu and Ubuntu are virtually the same with boot-time disk mounting, and use of the /etc/fstab file for defining at-boot mounting.


Use trash-cli
(click image to install or run sudo apt-get install trash-cli).

Run trash-empty 30 to remove all files from trash which are older than 30 days. (You can change this number as you like.)

To automate this, add a command to Startup Applications:

Please note: If you use older Ubuntu versions than 12.04, the command is empty-trash!


How to set up multiseat network through a USB connection?

Short version:

You can use Userful MultiSeat Linux. As it is specifically created for the T100/T150 thin clients. It provides extensive support and is a mature and stable choice.
http://www2.userful.com/products/userful-multiseat-linux

Long version:

Since this is a USB controlled thin client the server will at least need to have a USB driver installed for this setup to work (regardless of it's OS).

So as I was searching for information on the HP websites there was a prominent message that I could chat with support. So I talked to customer service about this issue for you. With the full transcript available here: http://pastebin.ubuntu.com/791914/
For your convenience a summary of the things I found out regarding your issue:

  "Unfortunately Windows MultiPoint Server is the only operating system
  this client has been tested and certified for use with, so I am not
  able to guarantee that they will work with a Linux multiseat OS.
  However, if there currently is a Linux multiseat server OS available,
  it will likely work, although ALL functionality might not be
  available."

There are no Linux drivers from HP available for the T100 and neither are there any specification documents made publicly available to be able to write your own. The suggestion I got from them was to look into other thin clients.

  "At the moment, the t5545, t5565, and t5745 thin clients fully support
  both a Linux server OS and native linux client OS."
  "The t5565 will be the lowest cost linux-supported model, which starts
  at about $249."

To my knowledge the only way that T100 drivers can be developed without receiving the documentation from HP would be to find out the specification of it's communication protocol yourself. Considering that the setup includes the T100 hardware, to my knowledge the options of doing so only include ones that are illegal, so I would not suggest that. Besides that it's not something you can make a stable implementation of on short term.

So my next step was to give it a quick search to see if someone else already worked around this or knows something I don't know on the legal front and found that there is a Linux server available for the T100 and T150 clients. It's called Userful MultiSeat Linux. http://www2.userful.com/products/userful-multiseat-linux

It allows you to choose between a fully featured Edubuntu 10.04 installation or to use a stand-alone version to install on a distro of your choice. It has extensive information on how to set up the environment including instructional video's. And since they specifically target the T100/T150 thin clients I'm certain they have managed to include a working USB driver that was missing.

So my recommendation would be to either test this software or switch to do a clean install of it's distro version. Considering 10.04 Edubuntu is based on a LTS (Long Term Support) milestone it's a great choice for maturity and stability in an environment with poor means to get service.


How can I get Ubuntu 16.04 to initialize again?

I understand that Ubuntu won't boot into your usual desktop environment, but instead fails and goes into recovery mode. In the most likely case your computer was not shut down correctly, and now the computer remains in an "unsafe" state.

If anywhere above the "Busybox" and initramfs you see mention of fsck and /dev/sdXY (where the X and Y can be anything), you have an inconsistent hard drive that needs to be fixed.

Luckily, this is easy as 1 2 3. It's a shame you need to go through this, but with a push in the right direction I bet you can help yourself next time it happens.

Fixing the hard drive inconsistencies

During a "normal" boot (the default, like how you would start the computer any day of the week), locate a line that says

The root filesystem on /dev/sdXY requires a manual fsck
When the computer is fully booted and you are presented with the (initramfs) line, type e2fsck -f /dev/sdXY (swap X and Y for the characters you actually need.)
If e2fsck fails because /dev/sdXY is mounted, type umount -f /dev/sdXY and try step 2 again.
When it succeeds, e2fsck will compute the problems in the filesystem and correct them when needed. You may be prompted with questions about proposed fixes, but just say yes (y) to all of them.
After this process is done, you are safe to reboot by typing

reboot or /sbin/shutdown -r now.

(if that doesn't work, hold the power button or do an Alt-Sysrq R-E-I-S-U-B if you now what that is).
Ubuntu should reboot normally.
If it didn't, instead of plain e2fsck -f /dev/sda1 try the more elaborate e2fsck -C0 -p -f -v /dev/sda1 and e2fsck -f -y -v /dev/sda1

If I can in anyway help you further or if this did not solve you problem, don't hesitate to respond.

Source and more info: https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2302095


If your question is about ISO image size - they are about 1.5 Gb for desktop variant.
So one normal size 12cm DVD is enough.

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BurningIsoHowto


Can you recover previous versions of files?

If I understand what you are asking, the answer is no. If you make changes to a file, that file's data is over-written where it's at. It's not like deleting a file, which tells the system that it can overwrite this data and new data can take it's position on the hard-disk. The data is overwritten, and the previous version can no longer be recovered because (I sound repetitive now) it was already overwritten. To include a point made in the comments, it is important to note that if you edit the contents of a file and the resulting file is smaller than the original, then some of the data can still be recovered. As such, it would probably be safest to open the file in a text editor (no matter the type of file), clear out all of the contents as they are, and then sit on a key for an hour, spamming the file with a single character. Then, you can create a file of some very large size with just one character in it over and over and over. Of course, solid-state and flash memory works a bit differently, and it seems like the safest bet is to always use encryption on those types of storage.

If I'm close to understanding what you are asking, the answer is yes. It is safer to edit a file and and replace its current contents with random garbage, save it, and then delete it. Then, if file recovery tools are used, the recovered file will be filled with random garbage. This is, essentially, what shred does. It "saves" zeroes into those positions where files previously were so that if file recovery tools are used, they recover zeroed out data.


Installing printer drivers it freezes up

Ok so I solved the problem, ON MY OWN, I might add! As a Nubie I was well excited!

I found the driver name, on first installing, it asked you which driver you want the Epson one the Ubuntu one or the Standard generic driver. It comes up with its name before you press accept.

Then I remembered the terminal normally sorts stuff out or tells you what code to type or an error code to go and look for/

You experts would probably say "well duh, obviously" but coming from windows you expect the graphical interfaces to work.
I typed

sudo apt-get install epson-inkjet-printer-nx420

Then went back in to Printer Configuration and selected my printer, which was showing up in a handy icon.


How do I set up a loop device at startup with service?

This issue is caused by two reasons:

1. As @CharlesGreen mentioned systemd-udev-settle.service can not be activated:

$ sudo systemctl enable systemd-udev-settle.service
The unit files have no installation config (WantedBy=, RequiredBy=, Also=,
Alias= settings in the [Install] section, and DefaultInstance= for template
units). This means they are not meant to be enabled using systemctl.

Possible reasons for having this kind of units are:
• A unit may be statically enabled by being symlinked from another unit's
  .wants/ or .requires/ directory.
• A unit's purpose may be to act as a helper for some other unit which has
  a requirement dependency on it.
• A unit may be started when needed via activation (socket, path, timer,
  D-Bus, udev, scripted systemctl call, ...).
• In case of template units, the unit is meant to be enabled with some
  instance name specified.

So this service stays inactive:

$ sudo systemctl status systemd-udev-settle.service
● systemd-udev-settle.service - udev Wait for Complete Device Initialization
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/systemd-udev-settle.service; static; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:udev(7)
           man:systemd-udevd.service(8)

2. The second problem is losetup command needs to access home partition to set up Windows 10.img. And this partition is not mounted at startup.

Therefore change the service in this way, resolved problem:

[Unit]
Description=Setup loop devices
DefaultDependencies=no
Conflicts=umount.target
Before=local-fs.target
After=systemd-udevd.service home.mount
Required=systemd-udevd.service

[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/sbin/losetup /dev/loop0 "/home/asus/VirtualBox VMs/Windows RAW/Windows 10.img"
ExecStop=/sbin/losetup -d /dev/loop0
TimeoutSec=60
RemainAfterExit=yes

[Install]
WantedBy=local-fs.target
Also=systemd-udevd.service


Unable to install driver for Nvidia GT540M on 10.04

The driver is too old, but the x-updates ppa provides a current driver for 10.04. However I would recommend installing 12.04 for new installs.


To start Android Studio from the terminal type:

cd /opt/google/android-studio/bin
./studio.sh

If you get a bash: /.studio.sh: No such file or directory error, browse to the opt directory, search for the android-studio directory, and try to find the studio.sh file from there.


You need to create an app to communicate with OpenVPN process via the management interface.

Here is the link to OpenVPN management interface.


Problem with D: drive when installing ubuntu

C: and D: are the designations that are used by the Windows operating system.  As you noticed, volumes in Ubuntu are designated in the format sda, sdb etc.  Partitions on these drives will be in the format sda1, sda2 an so on...

There must be free space for the Ubuntu installer to use.  If you boot into the USB containing Ubuntu, you can choose the option "Try Ubuntu".  The live system will include a program called "Disks" (gnome-disk-utility).  The Disks application can be used to delete partitions and to format entire volumes.

Before any making changes, be absolutely sure that you are working with the correct drive, since formatting a drive or deleting a partition will effectively remove all of the data.  For good measure, when installing operating systems, you should always make sure you have made adequate backups in case you make a wrong move and delete everything.

Please see: How do I install Ubuntu alongside a pre-installed Windows with UEFI? for info on the installation process itself.


Unable to autoconnect to hidden network in Ubuntu 15.04

I never solved the issue on 15.04 release, but update the system to Ubuntu 16.04 has made the problem disappear.


Removed lxd and lxd-client
Installed snal lxd (sudo install snap lxd)
Restarted


Failed to start session after upgrading from Ubuntu 12.04 LTS to Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

I would suggest that you try the following (an attempt to reset your Unity configuration):

mv ~/.config/unity ~/.config/unity.bak

If that does not work, feel free to revert/undo the changes like so:

rm -r ~/.config/unity
mv ~/.config/unity.bak ~/.config/unity

Alternatively, it would be great if you could provide a more detailed description, perhaps with some output from /var/log/syslog.


Ubuntu 16.04 takes too long to boot, shows errors and turns off suddenly

The DRM error is related to your video subsystem. If there's just one error on occasion, then not to worry. It may actually be a minor bug in Ubuntu.

The orphaned inode indicates some disk corruption, and can be more serious. You'll want to run a fsck (file system check) asap.

The /dev/sda1: clean message is normally seen, even on 100% working systems. It is supposed to indicate that the file system is ok, but as we can see from the previous error, that's not the case.

To check the file system on your Ubuntu partition...

boot to the GRUB menu
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
at the # prompt, type sudo fsck -f /
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot


Use existing Ubuntu partition as an installation image?

Remastersys is the application you need.

For a step-by-step description with screenshots, visit: http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/remastersys


Even though I'm connected through VPN sites still see my private IP address

Fixed

The reason was the ipv6 - NordVPN does not support it (yet), and somehow some sites were able to detect my IPV6 address. Disabling it fixed my problems.


Wireless Card Worked on 8.04, Failed on 10.04, Only Works Slightly on Static IP

This is a known problem for some Atheros chipsets. The driver was changed from madwifi to ath5k. While the former used to work perfectly, the latter fails for most people. Still it is default.

If lsmod | grep ath5k outputs anything, it might be your problem, too.

Here's what you can do to fix it: Delete /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ath_pci.conf and edit /etc/modprobe.d/backlist.conf to add

blacklist ath5k

to the end.

Now get the latest madwifi driver from http://snapshots.madwifi-project.org, unpack it, change into the newly created directory and run these lines

sudo apt-get install build-essential
make && sudo make install

Now reboot, run

sudo modprobe ath_pci

add the ath_pci to /etc/modules and reboot again. You should now be fully switched to the new driver.


auto suggested text intermittently changes what I have typed

I noticed that this is actually two problems. Most web-pages seem to have their own auto completion built in to their search boxes. If I unintentionally hover the mouse over the drop-down one of these is selected. Although what I have typed is still in the search bar, when I press enter it changes to what was selected with the mouse. So it seems the mouse is the problem for me.
The solution is to retype the text and make sure that the mouse is not near the selection. So I have to keep track of what my mouse pointer is doing while typing.


Can I use the indicator icons from Ubuntu Touch on the desktop version?

Is there a way I can get these icons and use them instead in Ubuntu 13.04?

Yes, first you need to install the icons:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-mobile-icons

Then go to the folder   /usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mobile-icons/status and copy the icons you want.

Then rename and replace the icons in other icon theme for example in Humanity or ubuntu-mono-light/dark.


Ubuntu 14.04 will NOT load except for empty desktop

first perform a memory diagnostics check in the grub menu list it is after

advanced options for ubuntu

live media and to do this have a look at following link

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Info

if the live media doesn't work try using safe mode


Thomson TG782T ADSL2+ modem loses network connection

As far as I know there's no way to have it auto reconnect when the connection is coming back up. But there are some "custom" solutions out there, like this python script for example.


Why does the program launch one way but not the other?

You need to be in the working directory for you to be able to issue ./CaveStory+, UNLESS the directory is added to the $PATH environment variable. Once that is done, you will be able to just call ./CaveStory+ from any directory.

To just edit the $PATH variable in one terminal instance and set it as a Global Variable, you can do export PATH=$PATH:/absolute-path-to-cavestory-directory/

If you want it to be a permanent change, add the same export PATH=$PATH:/absolute-path-to-cavestory-directory/ to your ~/.bashrc file (preferably at the end of the file, just to keep track of what you added personally)

Take a look at the Ubuntu Community Documentation on environment variables or this blogpost for more information about environment variables.


For the sake of clarity, this is no different from choosing to explicitly set up any other dns server - instructions here are heavily modified from the google public dns FAQ. It may vary on your DE if you're using a derivative, but network manager is common enough, and your experience should be similar to this.

In the System menu, click Preferences, then click Network Connections.
Select the connection for which you want to configure Google Public DNS. For example:
To change the settings for an connection, select the connection type, then select your network interface in the list. Here, it is called Wired Connection 1. If its a wireless connection select the appropriate AP

Click Edit, and in the window that appears, select the IPv4 Settings
If the selected method is Automatic (DHCP), open the dropdown and select Automatic (DHCP) addresses only instead. If the method is set to something else, do not change it.
In the DNS servers field, enter the IP addresses you want to use, separated by a space:
    199.85.126.20 199.85.127.20

click Apply to save the change. If you are prompted for a password or confirmation, type the password or provide confirmation.

check if you're using the right dns server with their test page


Cant find where to enter internet password and user name for DSL Ethernet

Setting the details in the router is preferrable; however, if it must be set in the computer, right-click the Network Manager icon, select 'Edit Connections' and select the DSL tab. Fill in your details there.


Which Ubuntu version is suitable for an Intel Pentium 3 Processor?

Your best option (and most likely your only option) would be to go with Lubuntu 12.04 or 12.10.  I have it installed on one of my old Pentium 3's with about 160mb of ram and it works fine. Not the quickest but definitely usable on a day to day basis.

Just remember that its not only about the operating system.  The programs you use also has a huge impact on the usability.  Lubuntu comes with fast and light weight programs which makes the system very usable on a day to day basis.  You should even be able to do some multitasking with easy for example listen to music and browsing the Internet.


write a bash which open firefox on every ten minute

#!/bin/sh
while :
do
  firefox
  sleep 600
done


HDMI-1 not connecting to monitor after update to 20.04 LTS

Finally managed to restore the connection! Basically following these steps:
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/227876/how-to-set-custom-resolution-using-xrandr-when-the-resolution-is-not-available-i
gtf 1920 1080 60

# 1920x1080 @ 60.00 Hz (GTF) hsync: 67.08 kHz; pclk: 172.80 MHz
Modeline "1920x1080_60.00" 172.80 1920 2040 2248 2576 1080 1081 1084 1118 -HSync +Vsync

xrandr --newmode "1920x1080_60.00" 172.80 1920 2040 2248 2576 1080 1081 1084 1118 -HSync +Vsync
xrandr --addmode HDMI-1 "1920x1080_60.00"
xrandr --output HDMI-1 --mode "1920x1080_60.00"


I would like to build a partial mirror, I like the look of debpartial-mirror, but it looks abandonded, recommendations for a mirror tool?

A little late, but I think this is might be useful to someone.

debmirror -v --method=http -a amd64 --no-check-gpg --exclude='/*' --include='/regex' /path/to/mirror

this basically excludes all packages except those matchin the regex. multiple include= arguments can be given


You need to find the internal IP of your PC which is hosting the website using the command ifconfig on terminal

It would be mostly like 192.168.1.112

If you access your localhost website through http:/localhost/wordpress , try using  http:/192.168.1.112/wordpress

All you have to do is replace localhost with your internal IP. This should give access to your local website from any PC in network provided ports are left as such.

I am assuming you have something like WordPress on a LAMP setup


How to remove "online accounts" from "system settings"?

If you want to remove the option in gnome-control-center simply execute :

sudo apt-get purge unity-control-center-signon

And you will see online accounts disappear from system settings (if you're using Unity).


It is quite true that the router and its interaction with the wireless device and driver are crucial.

I would be certain that the firmware for your router is fully updated. Often, bugs are discovered and corrected and the fix will only appear if you update the firmware to the latest available.

Second, I suggest that you disable power saving in Network Manager. From the terminal:

sudo sed -i 's/3/2/' /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/*

Next, check the settings in the router. WPA2-AES is preferred; not any WPA and WPA2 mixed mode and certainly not TKIP. Second, if your router is capable of N speeds, you may have better connectivity with a channel width of 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band instead of automatic 20/40 MHz, although it is likely to affect N speeds. I also have better luck with a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.

Next, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Check yours:

sudo iw reg get

If you get 00, that is a one-size-maybe-fits-all setting. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Then set it temporarily:

sudo iw reg set IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Set it permanently:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/crda

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit.

Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

Next, I'd set IPv6 to Ignore in Network Manager: http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/18/html/Installation_Guide/images/netconfig/network-connections-ipv6-ignore.png  This example is for ethernet, but you want wireless.


Lubuntu wifi doesn't see 5ghz network on b43

It turns out that installing bcmwl-kernel-source resolved the issue for me.


SSH Login Via Keyfile With No Local Password

You created your keypair with passphrase. And it prompts you to enter passphrase each time. Either create new keypair (and copy public key to remote system again) without a passphrase or look at ssh-agent how to enter passphrase just once.


Free open source inventory management/invoicing software?

Considering its hard to know exactly what you would need for your shop i would recommend finding a software that fits you using Alternative to You can try out things like GnuCash (kinda like quickbooks) and see what fits your needs. If you would like to try GnuCash open the software center and search for GnuCash.


How can I change my wireless card's regulatory domain (Dbm higher than 30)?

From a terminal:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/crda

Use nano, leafpad or kate if you haven't gedit. Change the only non-commented line to:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Or whatever country code you desire. Proofread, save and close the text editor. Unload and reload the wireless driver:

sudo modprobe -r iwlwifi
sudo modprobe iwlwifi

Or whatever your wireless driver is. Check dmesg for a line similar to this:

cfg80211: Calling CRDA for country: IS


I've wanted to do the same thing for debugging.  The problem seems to be that window manager is overriding the provided old-style requests. I can give you a kludgy answer, but it will work (sort of).

First, you need the xdotool, a utility that executes X actions from the command line.  E.g.

sudo apt install xdotool

Then, you can start an xterm minimized as follows:

(xterm &); xdotool windowminimize $(xdotool search --sync --class xterm |head -1)

Some explanation . . . obviously, the first command starts the xterm.  You could start the terminal with a command or whatever.  The second command minimizes the window with a supplied window id.  The window id is supplied by nested call to xdotool that returns all window ids matching the xterm class.   We use the first on the stack, which should almost certainly be the one that we just created.  The --sync option is necessary to make xdotool pause until there is an id that is of the xterm window class.

This kludge could fail if you are planning on launching multiple xterm windows in this fashion.  In that case, you could add some sleep before the call to xdotool.

Yeah, I know this is a disgusting solution.  But it's the only one I know.


How to properly uninstall Ubuntu from dual boot?

Install EasyBcd in Windows First.
Go to BCD deployement tab as shown in below screenshot

Click on write MBR slecting your version of Windows
Now from partition manager you can delete the partition with Ubuntu


Test this:

Open a terminal by hitting Ctrl+Alt+T.

Run the following commands:

sudo -i
apt-get update
apt-get install --reinstall p7zip-full
cd /home/user_name/Desktop
7z e flashtool-0.9.18.5-linux.tar.7z
tar -xvf flashtool-0.9.18.5-linux.tar
cd /home/user_name/Desktop/FlashTool
chmod +x FlashToll
chmod +x FlashToolConsole
./FlashTool


We need a little more information on your network setup to answer your question fully, but I believe I know at least what is causing the issue.

Assuming:

1) Both the Windows and Linux computers are supposed to be on the same local network.

2) The Linux server is not a virtual machine.

3) You are using bridged connections on your Windows machine to share its wireless connection to the Linux server through ethernet. (You bridged Wireless and Ethernet in Windows to get a connection to Linux.)

Then the problem is likely your network bridge. Your router assigned the local IP 192.168.0.110 to the Windows machine, and this is a common subnet for local networks.

The issue is that your Linux server has the IP of 10.88.77.111, which is an entirely different subnet. This means it likely did not receive an address from your router properly, and because of this Windows cannot ping the Linux server.

I would remove the network bridge, check all of your settings, and try to create it again.
Did you change any settings from default when creating the bridge, such as setting static addresses under the "Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)" properties, for example?

Edit:

Since your Linux server is a virtual machine, the above information does not apply to your setup.

When you originally setup the virtual machine, did you change any of the network settings?

Edit #2:

Wait a second, that address you have your server set to looks very similar to the address VirtualBox assigns when the network settings are in NAT mode. Are you sure it is in bridged mode, like this for example:

If it is in bridged mode, and not NAT, then set the /etc/network/interfaces file to automatically retrieve an IP address. It will likely look more like the Windows one. If the automatic address it gives you works, then configure the static IP address to be what it gave you automatically.


It gives no openjdk-15-jdk in the repos from ubuntu :)
sudo apt list | grep openjdk
[sudo] Passwort für k3ops:

WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.

openjdk-11-dbg/focal-updates,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-11-dbg/focal-updates,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-11-demo/focal-updates 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-11-demo/focal-updates,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-11-doc/focal-updates,focal-updates,focal-security,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 all
openjdk-11-jdk-headless/focal-updates,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-11-jdk-headless/focal-updates,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-11-jdk/focal-updates,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-11-jdk/focal-updates,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-11-jre-dcevm/focal 11.0.3+1-1 amd64
openjdk-11-jre-headless/focal-updates,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-11-jre-headless/focal-updates,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-11-jre-zero/focal-updates 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-11-jre-zero/focal-updates,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-11-jre/focal-updates,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-11-jre/focal-updates,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-11-source/focal-updates,focal-updates,focal-security,focal-security 11.0.9.1+1-0ubuntu1~20.04 all
openjdk-13-dbg/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-13-dbg/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-13-demo/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-13-demo/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-13-doc/focal-updates,focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 all
openjdk-13-jdk-headless/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-13-jdk-headless/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-13-jdk/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-13-jdk/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-13-jre-headless/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-13-jre-headless/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-13-jre-zero/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-13-jre-zero/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-13-jre/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-13-jre/focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-13-source/focal-updates,focal-updates 13.0.4+8-1~20.04 all
openjdk-14-dbg/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-14-dbg/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-14-demo/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-14-demo/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-14-doc/focal-updates,focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 all
openjdk-14-jdk-headless/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-14-jdk-headless/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-14-jdk/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-14-jdk/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-14-jre-headless/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-14-jre-headless/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-14-jre-zero/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-14-jre-zero/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-14-jre/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-14-jre/focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 i386
openjdk-14-source/focal-updates,focal-updates 14.0.2+12-1~20.04 all
openjdk-8-dbg/focal-updates 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-8-dbg/focal-updates,focal-security 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-8-demo/focal-updates 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-8-demo/focal-updates,focal-security 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-8-doc/focal-updates,focal-updates,focal-security 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 all
openjdk-8-jdk-headless/focal-updates 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-8-jdk-headless/focal-updates,focal-security 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-8-jdk/focal-updates 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-8-jdk/focal-updates,focal-security 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-8-jre-headless/focal-updates 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-8-jre-headless/focal-updates,focal-security 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-8-jre-zero/focal-updates 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-8-jre-zero/focal-updates,focal-security 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-8-jre/focal-updates 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 amd64
openjdk-8-jre/focal-updates,focal-security 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 i386
openjdk-8-source/focal-updates,focal-updates,focal-security 8u275-b01-0ubuntu1~20.04 all
uwsgi-plugin-jvm-openjdk-11/focal 2.0.18-11ubuntu1 amd64
uwsgi-plugin-jwsgi-openjdk-11/focal 2.0.18-11ubuntu1 amd64
uwsgi-plugin-ring-openjdk-11/focal 2.0.18-11ubuntu1 amd64
uwsgi-plugin-servlet-openjdk-11/focal 2.0.18-11ubuntu1 amd64
Ups better you use "apt search openjdk" for the correct command, the first is bad code :P


Window vertically maximized beyond desktop size

You can use xdotool to resize the window:

After running this command, select the window which is too large; It will be resized to 300x300 pixels.

xdotool selectwindow windowactivate getactivewindow windowsize 300 300

Maybe you need to install it first:
apt-get install xdotool

An alternative way would be using the mouse together with the keys activating resize mode:

Try holding Alt or Super or the Windows key, then drag the mouse with the right or left button pressed anywhere inside the window.
There should be one mode where the window moved with the mouse - you can use that to move the oversized window into a better position without access to the title or border.
Also, there should be amode to resize the window by directly changing one edge.

Note on the xdotool command:

One could expect that selectwindow windowsize 300 300 works, but with a reparenting window manager like compiz, it selects a child window of the one we intend to select, which leads to strange effects. The toplevel window is selected by getactivewindow, so we use that indirectly.


How to move config files to new installation

Some apps store files in

~/.local/[share/]

(esp. GTK+ or gnome apps like evolution [MUA]), Qt or KDE apps tend to be in

~/.kde/[share/]

however you should note its up to the programmer to choose which standard to follow (inc. following none), so I'd suggest just keeping most (if not all) ~ (/home/$USER/) directory

Thunderbird or your example is not a standard DEsktop app, coming from Mozilla. It may be a standard for a distro like Ubuntu, but its not a GNOME standard, nor a KDE/Qt standard, not a XFCE....  This is probably why it's found in its own directory, and not following GTK+ or Qt guidelines (or standards)

Key is programmers can choose to ignore 'standards', though official GNOME apps tend to follow GTK+ rules; official KDE apps tend to follow Qt/KDE rules etc

I looked in my ~/.kde/share/ on this 16.04 box and see a ~/.kde/share/kde4/ directory.  Ubuntu 16.04 is Qt5 default/standard with those Qt5 apps/programs using the main directory; but any older Qt4 files will be located with the kde4/ subdirectory. Either way they are still found in ~/.kde/share/
FYI: i don't have KDE/LXQt installed on this box, but do have some Qt apps installed

I would suggest copy all of /home/$USER/ directory usually, however I prefer to follow my own judgement (after backup of course) to copy in only files I want/need to keep, (eg. email, liferea ...) and just use cp -pn (copy new only preserve attributes) for other stuff but this takes longer, so /home/$USER is often tried first. If it doesn't go as intended, I restore a backup & try something different; but rarely have issues (one release change had liferea database issues due to a different database being used on later version, otherwise I've not had issues)


Unable to open .docx files in Windows 10 that have been created in Lubuntu 16.04

Did you try saving as .odt in Ubuntu and opening that .odt in Windows?
The docx format seems to mess up pretty bad when edited on different platforms (well, even on the same platform, in fact), and even MS Office sometimes struggles with it's own documents format!
Unless the docx is mandatory, try to stick to open document formats.
Edit: if you need a MS-recognized format, try saving as the older .doc format, it should do the trick, as long you do not use fancy features...


How to get Xubuntu Panel back to original state

If you are using a Xubuntu 15.10 and later, open XFCE Panel Switch either from Settings Manager or the Whisker Menu (located under Settings).

You will find various configurations for the Xubuntu panels layout. You can select any of the options presented there and apply it by pressing the gears button. You can also save your current configuration for future use.


How can I view stdout/stderr of a startup application?

I think the best thing to do would either put the bash command further below in startup or put it in a bash script and select that in your startup applications. I have added the -v option so the application records all its actions with the greatest of detail; some applications have other verbosity settings and even various levels that you can specify.

The &> redirection used is the same as 2>&1 in that it redirects all of the program's output (stderr, stdout) to the specified file, i.e. &>/home/mike/redshift.log.

Here is the command that could be used to set up logging, and it could be used for other programs, if modified appropriately.

bash -c "setsid /usr/bin/gtk-redshift -v -l 40.77:-73.9 -t 6500:5500 &>/home/mike/redshift.log"

These are just sample test settings, substitute these values for your own; you may want to put the command, modified appropriately in a bash wrapper for your startup entry as the above command-line is quite long.

An excerpt from the log created at /home/mike/redshift.log:

Gamma ramp size too small: 0
Failed to start adjustment method randr.
Trying next method...
Location: 40.770000, -73.900002
Brightness: 1.00
Gamma: 1.000, 1.000, 1.000
Using method `vidmode'.

The log continues and should give you the information you need. Some programs such as vlc do have options that you can set up so their logging can be sent to syslog, but I prefer that each program has its own separate log.


An installation that boots to the command line, with an option to load the desktop?

To change your install to boot straight to command line after install, you can just
Go to a terminal prompt..

gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Then make the following changes..

Change the lines containing..

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=”quiet splash”  .. just put a # at the beginning
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=”" to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=”text”
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console to GRUB_TERMINAL=console

Save and exit.

sudo update-grub

That will stop X from starting on boot. to start X, just type startx


Wireless ad-hoc network between Ubuntu and MS Windows

To be honest this sounds like the Windows Firewall is running. You will want to disable the firewall on just the 'adapter' you created to make the ad-hoc connection.


Recording Audio with Ubuntu Touch on a Nexus 4 using Command-Line

You could use the 'SnapRecorder' from the Ubuntu Store instead of using the commandline.


Even though, HUD is still under development, one of the biggest +'s, in my opinion, is searching the capabilities within the program, rather than searching through menus and submenus. Again, this update might seem like an inconvenient feature, although that's biassed opinion without giving time to get used to.


well, you may choose to install xubuntu: http://www.xubuntu.org/ or if you have ubuntu with unity already installed, you can install the xfce desktop by:

sudo apt-get install xfce4

OR

you install gnome 3 by:

sudo apt-get install gnome-shell

When installed, you may choose it in the login screen (gnome classic is what you mean). Thats it.


The .ssh directory and it's files have strict access permissions: The files are only readable/writable by the owner (or root). If you are not hadoopuser, then you'll have to:

sudo sh -c 'cat /home/hadoopuser/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> /home/hadoopuser/.ssh/authorized_keys'

The error message is a bit misleading. You're trying to append, so the shell has to check if the authorized_keys file exists. You don't have read permission on the .ssh directory, so the shell cannot complete that check.


DNS lookup sometimes failing for git clone

It's possible that one of the DNS servers in your list of available DNS servers is either responding wrong or not at all, or the primary DNS servers for the domain name you're using are suffering in some way.  As much as we like to think that DNS fails over nicely if something goes wrong, that's rarely the case.

Another possible cause is severe latency doing DNS lookups on your network, even to Google's server.  If it fails the first try, then returns the second try, that's a good indication that your DNS server was too slow getting an answer and couldn't respond until it had cached it.

So basically it could be your local DNS servers, your host's DNS servers or you may have a bad entry in your resolv.conf file that points to a DNS server that no longer exists.


Internet Connection Error with updating Ubuntu

If you know your internet connection is working, then it may be the repository is not reachable or offline.  You can change this from the Software Center or Synaptic.  More information is available here.

You could first try changing the entry in the list "Download From".  After changing, you will need to update the software available, as the instructions will say (reload).

If that doesn't help, you may want to edit your question and put more information about the error's text and how it comes up.


You can use bind9 or powerdns for DNS server. I use bind9 for 50 domains and it works greatly fast. You can follow this official tutorial from Ubuntu.


Depending on where your pulse audio config is you should try removing it and checking if it automatically reconfigures correctly.

I'm on 13.10 so you'd need to do

# cd ~/.config/
# mv pulse/ pulse.bak/

Restart your system and Ubuntu will recreate the pulse config. Test and see if it's working now.

This fixed some issues I was having.


How to install openjdk 7 on ubuntu 18.04

Here you got a very good answer with a step-by-step instruction:
Download it here from Oracle.


Cannot open adobe reader on Ubuntu 12.10 64bits

First Install  ia32-libs  package from ubuntu-software-center, then reinstall adobe reader.


How do optimise the performance of Remmina?

AFAIK Remmina uses FreeRDP as its RDP backend. Since FreeRDP is under heavy development the FreeRDP version (0.8.2-2build1) in 11.10 may not be as optimized as the development versions from the FreeRDP homepage.

For high-performance (kind of) RDP connections to Windows 7 (or other RDP servers) I use rdesktop (command line) with the following settings:

rdesktop -a 16 -z -x m -P SERVERNAME


Reconnecting to a PPP connection on a Verizon Wireless Modem

I assume you're managing the connection with Network Manager?  If that is the case, you should be able to activate it using the nmcli tool:

nmcli con up id "name"

Where "name" is the name you assigned to the connection in Network Manager.  You should be able to integrate this into whatever type of scripting you are using.

If you want to be able to run this command as a user other than the one you log in to the GUI, you will need to check the Available to all users option in the connection's settings.


I have the exact same setup (Intel Latitude E5570 / Hybrid graphics, Intel/AMD). I have installed Ubuntu 18.04 very recently.
Here are my experiences:
Although I marked Install third-party software for graphics and Wi-Fi hardware and additional media formats during installation, the Additional Drivers tab in Software & Updates (to reach this type software-properties-gtk in a terminal) claims that no additional drivers are available. Did you experience the same? Maybe somebody knows why. Before installing any proprietary drivers I decided to test the vanilla installation before doing anything else.
lspci -k | grep -EA3 'VGA|Display'

gives me the following output
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation HD Graphics 530 (rev 06)
    Subsystem: Dell HD Graphics 530
    Kernel driver in use: i915
    Kernel modules: i915
--
01:00.0 Display controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Mars [Radeon HD 8670A/8670M/8750M] (rev 81)
    Subsystem: Dell Mars [Radeon HD 8670A/8670M/8750M]
    Kernel driver in use: radeon
    Kernel modules: radeon, amdgpu

I guess that last line about the Kernel module amdgpu means that the OpenSource drivers are installed (can anybody confirm this?). More information on AMD drivers for Ubuntu can be found here on the Ubuntu help wiki.
Aside from switcheroo there is another possibility to switch between GPUs using xrandr:

Hybrid Graphics | Ubuntu help wiki
PRIME | Arch wiki

Using xrandr (as stated in the second link) use the following command to show the providers:
xrandr --listproviders

My output was
Providers: number : 2
Provider 0: id: 0x6b cap: 0x9, Source Output, Sink Offload crtcs: 3 outputs: 7 associated providers: 1 name:modesetting
Provider 1: id: 0x41 cap: 0x6, Sink Output, Source Offload crtcs: 2 outputs: 0 associated providers: 1 name:OLAND @ pci:0000:01:00.0

To be able to render GPU-intensive applications by the more powerful discrete card use
xrandr --setprovideroffloadsink 1 0

Now you should be able to choose a GPU for your application. For example you can test this with a command (using glxinfo, sudo apt install mesa-utils) I found here on Ubuntu Forums:
DRI_PRIME=0 glxinfo | grep "OpenGL renderer"
DRI_PRIME=1 glxinfo | grep "OpenGL renderer"

So I have done a benchmarktest (using glmark2, sudo apt install glmark2) for both GPUs using the following commands:
DRI_PRIME=0 glmark2 --fullscreen
DRI_PRIME=1 glmark2 --fullscreen

The resulting score was:

507 for Intel integrated GPU
367 for AMD descrete GPU

This is strange, since I thought that AMD GPU should be more performant than the integrated Intel GPU. What are your results on this? Can you confirm this?
You might also test starting Steam on the discrete GPU using the stated xrandr commands.
Maybe I will also install the proprietary AMD GPU drivers (amdgpu-pro) and repeat the benchmarks. I hope this is helpful, especially the parts regarding the alternative way of switching GPUs.


An unresolvable problem occurred while calculating the upgrade, how to solve it?

I found [this bug] ( https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/update-manager/+bug/146536) on Bugzilla

A work-around:

Run synaptic
Refresh to pull package lists
Mark all upgrades
Search for any packages you know got removed by an apt-get dist-upgrade if you ran it. For me, I told it to reinstall pidgin, AccessGrid, and ubuntu-desktop (which installed two other trivial packages).
Apply


Installing Ubuntu OS on Pen Drive (not creating Live USB)

There is a fix needed after the install. Ubuntu will likely install the boot files on your PC's EFI partition, even if you selected the USB device. The fix is to copy/move that boot files from the PC's EFI partitions to the USB's EFI partition.

After a long research, I discovered a simple procedure that produces full&portable Ubuntu 19.04 installations on USB drive - even when installing from a Win10 PC.

The resulting Linux on USB can boot on most compatible CPUs. You can customize this Linux, you can update it - like you do with any native Linux install. It even booted on a Mac, however I had to use keyboard, mouse and network on USB.

https://meaningofstuff.blogspot.com/2019/09/linux-ubuntu-1904-full-install-on-usb.html


Where does "0 packages can be updated." come from?

These messages come from update-motd.

The /etc/update-motd.d/updates-available script generates this specific output from cat /var/lib/update-notifier/updates-available


Very likely what's happening is that ffmpeg is compiled without SSL support in the version of Ubuntu you are using.

Whatever the reason for this, it's a headache, so the only solution you have left to rapidly fix this is to actually do a recompile.

Likely, when you build from source, you'll need to have a --with-openssl or similar option when you run a ./configure.

Note that for Ubuntu Wily, it appears they may already include this option in the packaging which is newer than for Vivid.


Bash script to convert multiple avi in to mp4

You need to specify the input file right after the -i switch, like so:

#!/bin/bash

for i in *.avi;
do
    name=`echo $i | cut -d'.' -f1`;
    avconv -i "$i" -vcodec libx264 -acodec aac -strict experimental  -threads 3 "$name.mp4";
done

Your version was looking for an input file named "-vcodec".


Which installation images allow the installation of a command-line system?

To install a base system, boot from any Alternate CD and choose "Install a command-line system." It is exactly the same command-line system on Lubuntu Alternate CDs.

I read it like this: "It is exactly the same command-line system across all Lubuntu alternate CDs".

(mind the plural in "CDs")

With "any Alternate CD" is referring to any of the Lubuntu Alternate CDs.

If there were multiple "other" Alternate CDs and only one Lubuntu Alternate CD it would have been: "To install a base system, boot from any Alternate CD and choose "Install a command-line system." It is exactly the same command-line system on Lubuntu Alternate CD".

(mind the singular in "CD")


What in 16.04LTS kernel 4.4.0-72 could cause random reboots?

I was able to resolve the random reboots by installing an Nvidia graphics card (GeForce GTX 770) and using the proprietary Nvidia binary driver (375.39) that comes with Ubuntu.  Therefore, I conclude that the problem is in the pre-installed Radeon driver that Ubuntu now uses since fglrx was depricated in 16.04.  Even though the AMD R9 270X is supposedly completely supported on 16.04.


What is the difference between ext3 & ext4 from a generic user's perspective

A few years ago I'd say stick with ext3 but nowadays ext4 is better. A recent (May 16, 2011) round up from thegeekstuff.com sums it up rather nicely:

Supports huge individual file size and overall file system size.
Maximum individual file size can be from 16 GB to 16 TB
Overall maximum ext4 file system size is 1 EB (exabyte). 1 EB = 1024 PB (petabyte). 1 PB = 1024 TB (terabyte).
A directory can contain a maximum of 64,000 subdirectories (as opposed to 32,000 in ext3)
You can also mount an existing ext3 fs as ext4 fs (without having to upgrade it).
Several other new features are introduced in ext4: multiblock allocation, delayed allocation, journal checksum, fast fsck, etc. All you need to know is that these new features have improved the performance and reliability of the filesystem when compared to ext3.
In ext4, you also have the option of turning the journaling feature off.

A very good comparison from 2009 on linuxologist.com has a graph about write performance with 4 GB:

and also has some other information on ext4.
I myself have had zero problems with ext4.
If you need to share a partition with Windows you will need ext3.
I myself have given up on Windows so I have everything set to ext4 and use a USB stick to transfer data to a Windows machine (mainly at work).
What you can do for a setup is the following:
/ ext4
swap
/home  ext4
/datapartiton_with_windows ext3

Then you can make the last one a shared partition for both OS's.


This is how to disable the swap file in Ubuntu 17.04

To turn off the swapfile. Run the following command:

sudo swapoff /swapfile

Now disable the swap file in /etc/fstab. I'm using Vim.

sudo vim /etc/fstab

Your /etc/fstab file should have a '#' in front of '/swapfile'

After this is done. save your changes and exit.

Now we're going to physically remove the swap file. run the following command:

sudo rm -f /swapfile

and voila! For the changes to take full effect, reboot the system, and use the 'free' command to confirm there is no available space for swap.


How to use sed to find the strings between 2 patterns?

I'd use awk for this:

awk '
    /aaa accounting exec default/ {print; exec=1; next}
    exec {
        if (/^ /) {print; next} else if (/^!/) {print}
        exec=0
    }
' filename

Passing the pattern, use awk's -v option, and then the pattern match operator ~:

awk -v patt='aaa accounting exec default' '
    $0 ~ patt {print; exec=1; next}
    exec {
        if (/^ /) {print; next} else if (/^!/) {print}
        exec=0
    }
' filename


Problems with everything after update Ubuntu 12.04

Why don't you download Ubuntu 12.04 from their website, put it on a cd, dvd, or usb, and do a clean install. It appears that you might have had a bad upgrade for what ever the reason. Hope this solves your question.


Ubuntu 12.04 installation aborts without giving any errors on Sony Vaio

Can you try the Alternate installation CD please?

ubuntu-12.04-alternate-i386.iso

That may fail, but it is a text-mode installer so it will give you an error that you can include here.


How to show all windows of one application again when I click its icon in the launcher?

I suggest to have a look at this question to learn how to reset Compiz' settings.

If you don't want to mess up your Compiz settings in future, use MyUnity instead of CompizConfig Settings Manager. There are less options, but it is safe to use them.


This look suspiciously like this bug. There's a workaround explained on this page. They basically recommend to:

Install WICD (System > Administration > Synaptic Package Manager; install wicd).
Uninstall network manager (mark for complete removal network-manager and network-manager-gnome).
Reboot.


How to make a new partition from an empty volume?

First you need to downsize sda3,and then create a new partition in the resulted empty space. You can't create a partition from another partition. LVM (Logical Volume Management) is only necessary when dealing with multiple harddisks. If you have just one harddisk (Disks app says so) LVM is quite useless.


Automounting encrypted SD card on boot/login

Disclaimer: As you pointed out already, this method is unsafe...

Best would be to add your mount to the Favorites in Veracrypt. To do that, just mount the file/device in Veracrypt then rightclick and select "Add to Favorites.."

Then you can simply mount it from the commandline with

veracrypt --auto-mount=favorites -p YOURPASSWORD

To do that on start of your session, use Startup Applications and enter the command, like this

Safer option

Don't pass the PW via the commandline, this can be easily read or intercepted. Better to enter the PW after boot, simply omit the PW from the command and Veracrypt will prompt you for it

veracrypt --auto-mount=favorites

will give you this dialog


Missing network functionality on Clip Studio Paint (Wine)

I'm a new AskUbuntu user and I've been having a similar issue.

I think I have a possible solution: do you have the Internet Explorer components installed?

Clip Studio piggy backs on Internet Explorer for its online connection on Windows, so it stands to reason that it may need that component now.


Same old method

Switch the computer on. Go to Grub menu. it appears automatically, if not then hold down the shift key until the boot menu appears.
In the grub menu, select the “Advanced Options for Ubuntu” and press "Enter".
Navigate to the option ......(recovery mode) and press "Enter". Wait for few seconds till presented with different options.
Choose “Root    Drop into root shell prompt“ press enter key.
Option to enter commands appear in the bottom.
To remount file system with write access. Command:

mount -rw -o remount /

then to choose the “username” Command:

ls /home

Reset the password.

passwd username

When prompted twice. Type new password

Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:

and type

exit

Back to the recovery mode menu select "resume resumenormal boot" and press "Enter".
log in with the new password.


Reconnect Samba Share after router replacement

Check if you hard coded IP addresses in your /etc/samba/smb.conf
When I switched to Eero my LAN changed from 192.168.1.x to 192.168.4.x
My samba.conf had 'hosts allow 192.168.1.'
I changed it to 'hosts allow 192.168.4.' , did a 'systemctl restart smb' and I could reach my file server again.


How to create a makefile with a shell script

You can create a minimal makefile containing:

all:
        YOUR SHELL COMMANDS HERE

But you haven't really gained anything by doing so unless you rewrite it to make use of some of the features of a Makefile - multiple targets, target dependencies, etc. See here (or many other Makefile tutorials) for some information about what you can do with a makefile.

(Note that the shell commands are executed with sh separately for each line, so if you're doing anything complex like loops, setting variables it won't just work, and the indentation of commands needs to be a TAB character, not spaces.)

A quick Makefile for the case described (normal warnings, probably has all sorts of edge cases, might kill your dog, etc):

src=$(wildcard pictures/*.jpg)
out=$(subst pictures,thumb,$(src))

all : $(out)

thumb/%.jpg: pictures/%.jpg
    convert $< -thumbnail 100 $@


Installing Ubuntu 12.04 alongside Windows 8

The Ubuntu Installer has an inbuilt partitioner that will let you use a slider to easily make space for ubuntu. So there is no need to manually create partition tables. It will certainly detect free space but you will have to chose how much space you want to allocate to Ubuntu by dragging the slider.

More on this can be read here on dual boot: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot

Alternatively, you can shrink your windows partition from inside windows also to make room for ubuntu. Read more details here on the Ubuntu help site : https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowtoResizeWindowsPartitions

Considering that you use windows 8, you will likely find few resources to help you. but these ways should work just fine.

Cheers


Did you delete the partition on sda first and attempt to create the new partition in "unassigned space" ? Did you run the tool (gparted?) with sudo rights? Try gparted and not KDE partition manager.
The grub bootloader creates the bootmenu. You'll have to look into changing grub and reassigning the points (ie: windows won't start, but this is just a reference to where windows would start from).


How to show the Ubuntu launcher under Parallels

This happened to me just now when installing Ubuntu 14.04 on Parallels Desktop 9 (Build 9.0.24229; Revision 991745; Tuesday, April 1, 2014) for mac (OS 10.9, Macbook Pro) .

The Ubuntu install finished fine as long as I unchecked "Express install" during the new VM setup/install.

After Selecting "Intall Parallels Tools...", my Ubuntu desktop looked identical to the original poster's.

However Ctrl-Alt-T didn't open a Terminal in this state either.  I had to do Alt-Ctrl-fn-F1  (Fn to enable the F-keys instead of brightness etc.) to get a terminal, log in, and then follow these instructions on the Parallels Desktop website:

http://kb.parallels.com/en/121300

Worked perfectly and got Ubuntu (and unity) working properly again.

The instructions from the Parallels Desktop help site are copied here (copied on 2014-05-25):

Start your Ubuntu 14.04 virtual machine and press Ctrl+Alt+F2 to activate the command line
Enter your username and the password
Locate xorg.conf.XXXXXXXX (where XXXXXXXX is a current date when the xorg.conf file was created) via:
ls -l /etc/X11/
Check whether this file contains "Parallels" entries, via:
pico /etc/X11/xorg.conf.XXXXXXXX
(see orig. Parallels website for what the xorg.conf.xxxx file should look like)
Ctrl-X to exit pico (or exit whatever editor you used)

Then Type in the commands:

sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf.XXXXXXXX /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/xorg.conf
export DISPLAY=:0
gsettings reset org.compiz.core:/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/core/ active-plugins
Press Ctrl+Alt+F7 to exit the command line
Reboot your virtual machine.

Actually, because the unity GUI didn't show any obvious way to reboot, I stayed in the command line (ctrl-alt-Fn-F1) and used the command shutdown -r now


Why should I trust the "System program problem detected" dialog?

You're absolutely right, there is a possibility that this is some other software masquerading as Apport (the bug reporting software).

I wouldn't worry about it though, as this is the expected behaviour of Apport. If you have it enabled and a program crashes, a window similar to this will appear. Sometimes Apport needs to run as root to gather system information and send it to Launchpad.

If you don't want to run this risk, just disable Apport.

If you do decide to trust this prompt, you'll be able to inspect the report and find out which program is crashing on login.

To disable Apport:

Press Alt + F2
Type gksu gedit /etc/default/apport and press Enter.
Replace the line enabled=1 with enabled=0.
Save and exit. You might have to reboot for the setting to come into effect.


Do the Ubuntu repositories just keep growing?

Yes, unless you change distro.
Packages might be removed when moving from Trusty to Xenial (for example).

Note that usually no new software is added to the repo on the same distro (or maybe on point-version, like 14.04.4), but just the new versions of software already there.


Looking at the error message, it seems you are missing the nvidia-cuda-toolkit package.

To install nvidia-cuda-toolkit, do the following:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit

and then retry using make


how to divide pdf into shall chunks (many pieces per page)?

There's a (commercial) application called *A-PDF split", which helps you to split the content manually as per your requirement.


Like ChrisAga stated it in the comments:

  See : askubuntu.com/questions/750604/… Explanation of the issue and how to solve it.

This is an AppArmor issue that can be fixed by configuring AppArmor to only complain about the mysqld process.

Here's a summary of the commands of the accepted answer in that link.

sudo apt-get install apparmor-utils
sudo aa-complain /usr/sbin/mysqld
sudo service apparmor reload
sudo systemctl start mariadb


Scrolling up in terminal reveals previous Vim sessions

In order to disable the Windows Terminal Scrollbar

Click on the ubuntu icon
Select properties
Select the layout tab
Set the height and width of the screen buffer to the same value as the window size.

That will disable the scrollbar completely and you should be able to use normal linux command line scrolling.
Edit

In this picture, the screen buffer height and window size height are different.  If they are both set to the same value (say 25) then the scrolling problem will disappear.


How to manage different versions of CUDA, CuDNN and Nvidia Drivers?

I can only answer a part of your question.

I wrote a script to switch between multiple cuDNN versions. It currently supports v5.1, v6.0 and v7.0. You can find the script here.

Once you complete the installation and download the cuDNN versions you want to use, you can switch between v5.1, v6.0 and v7.0 with the click of a button.

This is what the script does:

#!/bin/bash

rm -f /usr/include/cudnn.h
rm -f /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/*libcudnn*
rm -f /usr/local/cuda-*/lib64/*libcudnn*

cp -P packages/cudnn/include/cudnn.h /usr/include
cp -P packages/cudnn/lib64/libcudnn* /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/
chmod a+r /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcudnn*

rm -rf packages/cudnn

It performs the installation operations automatically for the version you need.


I updated lightdm-gtk-greeter to 1.7.1 and the active sessions are again indicated in bold text. I was previously on the default 1.6.1.


Macbook air 4-2 Trusty Tahr post install script

That page and script seem to be about Ubuntu 12.04. The script adds lots of PPAs that are not relevant for 14.04. So, no, do not use it for 14.04.


Clearing all private user data from Chrome from the command line

For the default Chrome configuration, run

rm -rf ~/.config/google-chrome/Default

and

rm -rf ~/.cache/google-chrome

As to the warning from Google, since you aren't going to use it again, and the locations are specific to your HOME location on that machine, don't worry, be happy.


How to disable launcher icons for certain apps

Normally this can be done using window manager hint (_NET_WM_STATE_SKIP_TASKBAR), which can be triggered in Compiz using Window Rules plugin (manageable using compizconfig-settings-manager) or using wmctrl, for example:

wmctrl -r Rhythmbox -b add,skip_taskbar

This would normally hide icon from taskbar in most desktop environments. Unfortunately, Unity currently doesn't support these states for already opened window, there's even a failing test (test_invisible_windows.py) for Unity 5 with an eloquent comment: "We don't support changing window states after they've been mapped."

So unless there's some way to launch target applications with a required window state, this, otherwise standard solution, is a dead end.

There might be some Unity-specific solution specific (e.g. a key for a launcher/.desktop file).

Unfortunately, there doesn't seem to be any easy solution, so the best chance might be to revive bug #750728 or open the new one.

The aforementioned test was removed for Unity 6, so it seems that Unity developers aren't interested in fixing this bug (or it's a very low priority).


PATH variables don't work with sudo command

The -E option to sudo preserves environment variables, otherwise they are largely discarded. So, the following should work:

sudo -E phpunit -version


How do I configure 'Natural Scrolling' with an Apple Magic Mouse?

Find the device ID of your magic mouse by doing:

  xinput list

Then set the inverse scrolling by doing:

  xinput set-button-map ID 1 2 3 5 4

(replacing ID with the ID of your device)


Ubuntu doesn't recognize my Galaxy 9 phone

I had a similar problem but with Samsung S6 Edge.  I used Android File Transfer for linux and it worked!  Worked fantastically actually!  In a nutshell,... "It just works!"

You will have to download and build it from Github:
https://github.com/whoozle/android-file-transfer-linux

Just to add to the limited instructions on the "how to build page" on Github for the less technical, also google's your friend if the instructions underneath aren't clear enough;

~$ sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake libqt4-dev
ninja-build libfuse-dev libreadline-dev
Find a path in your pc where you want to keep the source code for
AFTL
Clone AFTL to that location then as the instructions on the github page says...
~$ mkdir build
~$ cd build
~$ cmake ..
A little bit of a modification here to build things much faster!
~$ make -j<number of cores you have>.  So in my case with an i7
cpu it s ~$ make -j8
~$ cd qt
~$ ./android-file-transfer
In many computers it will give you some pop-up error saying that
 there is already some other process or rather using MTP or busy or
 something similar.  It will give you the option to kill them by
 pressing "abort". DO THAT! It will kill those useless non-function
 processes.  Then you will get AFTL running showing you all the
 folders on your phone.
Have fun!


How do I insert a file's contents into each of a list of files?

Instead of reading the file into a variable and inserting that content with i command (which will fail for certain cases like the fail containing newlines/they would need to get escaped), you should use the r command to append the text directly:

for name in $(cat /home/stuff/list); do
  sed -i "27r /home/stuff/test" $name
done

To avoid the issues with backticks it would be better to use:

while read -r name; do
  sed -i "27r /home/stuff/test" "$name"
done < /home/stuff/list

Or more simply:

xargs -rd '\n' -- sed -i "27r /home/stuff/test" < /home/stuff/list


The package for the terminal version of Vim is named vim. You can download it and its dependencies here. You need to at least also install the vim-common and vim-runtime packages.

There's also a GUI version of Vim, the package name is vim-gnome.


Xubuntu strange behaviour panel-indicator and panel-notification applet

Perhaps there is an answer to get the network icon back:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xfce4-panel/+bug/1302462

http://xubuntugeek.blogspot.de/2013/04/solved-network-icon-missing-from-xfces.html


How to manually chose Unity when starting Ubuntu(tried XMonad and it is broken)?

Get a LiveCD disk, and boot from that. Note: You may have to change the order of the boot in the BIOS. Get rid of XMonad by the command line, or by the Ubuntu Software Center. (If you did it from there.) Then reboot.

When you get to the login screen, press the Ubuntu cog on the login box. (Sorry it's GNOME, but it will be the Ubuntu logo when you get there.)

It should come up with these options:

Now click on 'Ubuntu', or if your PC doesn't support Unity 3D then click 'Ubuntu 2D'. Login and hopefully you should have Unity back!

Hope this helps!


If you need to execute multiple commands via ssh use a subshell like this:

ssh user@host bash -c 'pwd ; dir && ls'


What will happen if I install Ubuntu GNOME over a regular Ubuntu install?

If your current installation of Ubuntu is working correctly, there is no need to re-install just to change your desktop environment to Gnome.

You can convert an existing installation without a re-install.  The procedure is described in the UbuntuGNOME wiki.

In simple terms all you need to do is install the package ubuntu-gnome-desktop which contains all of the customisations to convert your installation to UbuntuGNOME.  Then, you can optionally remove some other packages if you no longer need the old Ubuntu desktop.

  First, you install the Ubuntu GNOME desktop, and enable GDM.

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-gnome-deskop

  dpkg will prompt asking which display manager you want to use, select 'gdm'
  Optionally, you can remove unneeded packages from Ubuntu.

sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-default-settings

sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-desktop

sudo apt-get autoremove


Guys I solved the problem temporarily though.
I installed cups-PDF. And it worked. But when I upgraded to Ubuntu 14.04 and jdk 8 they same problem persists and can't be solved using the above method.


Xdg-open when run under any of main DEs, does nothing by itself, but delegates all request to that DE tool, namely gvfs-open. And it does have a default setting to open code in Geany after it is installed.


For some panel applets, there is a "Move" item in their right click menus -- Workspace Switcher and Window List, for example. For ones that do, just select the "Move" item and drag the app around.

(This isn't a solution for all applets but it's a start.)


Probably I found the solutions: the system had two "boot partition"

dev/mmcblk1boot0
dev/mmcblk1boot1

For overwrite them I need

echo 0 >  /sys/block/mmcblk1boot0/force_ro

And then try to reinstall refind

Another solution is: reinstall ubuntu and then recover from backup


A Gateway at least needs 2 net devices, one for wan and one for local net.

If wan is 192.168.2.0/24 then lan is 192.168.3.0/24
There should be eth0 for wan and eth1 for lan

Then you can setup your gateway to forward packets from wan to lan and vice versa.


I don't know if you solved your issue yet. I came across it as well and I solved it by installing the libpolarssl-dev library:

sudo apt-get install libpolarssl-dev

Why? That's why ;)


docker-ce post installation subprocess never finishes

It appears that docker-ce is hanging on service start:

 \_ apt install docker-ce
     \_ /usr/bin/dpkg --status-fd 64 --configure --pending
         \_ /bin/sh /var/lib/dpkg/info/docker-ce.postinst configure
             \_ /bin/sh /usr/sbin/invoke-rc.d docker start
                 \_ systemctl start docker.service
                     \_ /bin/systemd-tty-ask-password-agent --watch

Killing systemctl start docker.service process should be enough:

sudo kill -9 $(ps aux | grep "systemctl start docker.service" | head -n 1 | awk '{print $2}')

check systemd jobs:

sudo systemctl list-jobs
    JOB UNIT           TYPE  STATE
2831057 docker.service start running

if any docker job is running, kill it:

sudo systemctl kill docker.service

Make sure to verify that you don't have any overrides defined:

/etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/

e.g. overriding command to (used in 17.03 release):

ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker daemon

instead of /usr/bin/dockerd. Before continuing be sure to kill any remaining docker process:

ps aux | grep "[d]ockerd"

stop remaining Docker daemon process (if there's any):

sudo kill -9 $(ps aux | grep "[d]ockerd" | head -n 1 | awk '{print $2}')

If you're upgrading from previous docker version (docker.io, docker-engine etc.) or just changing underlying file storage, it's safer to delete all docker data before installing new version.

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker
sudo apt install docker-ce

To fix broken installation, just run sudo dpkg --configure -a and docker.service should start.


How can I copy the contents of a folder to another folder in a different directory using terminal?

You can copy the content of a folder /source to another existing folder /dest with the command

cp -a /source/. /dest/

The -a option is an improved recursive option, that preserve all file attributes, and also preserve symlinks.

The . at end of the source path is a specific cp syntax that allow to copy all files and folders, included hidden ones.


This is locale dependent. If you want to sort files in ASCII order, use the following command:

$ LANG=C thunar

This is consistent with ls sort order. For example:

$ mkdir /tmp/test
$ cd /tmp/test
$ touch a b c d _a _b _c
$ LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ls
a  _a  b  _b  c  _c  d
$ LANG=C ls
_a  _b  _c  a  b  c  d


Command to launch poweroff/reboot dialogue

In general, the dialogs for logout, reboot, and shutdown can be launched via dbus. In particular, what you want is

qdbus com.canonical.Unity  /com/canonical/Unity/Session com.canonical.Unity.Session.RequestShutdown

You can list other methods via this command:

$ qdbus com.canonical.Unity  /com/canonical/Unity/Session | grep '\.Request.*'
method void com.canonical.Unity.Session.RequestLogout()
method void com.canonical.Unity.Session.RequestReboot()
method void com.canonical.Unity.Session.RequestShutdown()

I have used this same approach for multiple other answers, for instance

How to get warning for "Suspend"

In case someone feels the command is a bit lengthy, remember Linux 101 : you can create aliases for commands or functions.

alias quit_session='qdbus com.canonical.Unity  /com/canonical/Unity/Session com.canonical.Unity.Session.RequestShutdown'

quit_session()
{
    qdbus com.canonical.Unity  \
          /com/canonical/Unity/Session \
          com.canonical.Unity.Session.RequestShutdown
}

On command line this will be called as quit_session . Easy, right ?  You can place this into ~/.bashrc. If it is still lengthy , use even shorter name.

Despite the length it does exactly what is asked in the question.


You will not lose any files/data when you do an upgrade using the command:

sudo apt-get upgrade

What los-teh told is also true. You can lose some software/libaries what are not comatible with Ubuntu 14.04, but most software for Ubuntu 13.10 will also work on 14.04.

Good luck with the upgrade!


Mount the directory / HOME directory located on a remote Windows 2008 R2

It sounds like to me you are authenticating and mounting the remote directory successfully. Your file manager, your window manager, or both may be having trouble with missing files or incorrect permissions.

Suggestions:

Determine what file and window managers you are using and look for errors in logs. Sorry I don't know which logs, or what you might be looking for.

or-

Backup your files on the server and rename your home folder. If there is no home dir, depending on your settings, one may be created for you. This might help.