How to install Libreoffice 3.5.4 in Ubuntu 12.04?

Libreoffice 3.5.4 is currently in precise-proposed repository. If I were you, I would just wait for it until it gets into the precise-updates repository and then you can simply upgrade your system as usual. But if you are quite desperate to try it out sooner, you can follow these instructions to use 3.5.4. You don't have to install an additional PPA, which makes it even better.

First of all, you have to enable precise-proposed repository. It is not enabled by default for various stability issues as the repository usually contains software that are not tested enough.

To enable precise-proposed, open Ubuntu Software Center → Edit → Software Sources → Updates and ensure that precise-proposed is enabled.

After enabling the proposed, use this command to install LibreOffice 3.5.4:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install libreoffice/precise-proposed


The Ubuntu can't run into logon or desktop when it is starting up

If your documents in /home are valuable to you, then you should back them up now BEFORE attempting any repair.

Use a different (working) system to create a new LiveUSB installer.
Boot from the USB installer, and enter the "Try Ubuntu" environment.
Mount your HDD and copy your critical files to some other media where they will be safe and accessible even if your repair fails.

After your data is backed up , THEN you are ready to start attempting repair.


How do I port a .FON font to a Linux font?

You can download bitmap Proggy fonts from ProggyFonts.com.

In any case install and use FontForge. Load a .fon file and save as .sfd.


notify-osd stops working after totem has been running for a while

This is  Bug #402962 in notify-osd. It was reported in July 2010, there has been no progress so far.

Since Totem has no option to disable Inhibiting the screensaver completely, there currently isn't a way to work around this bug. Other applications, which have this options, should not cause any problems once it's disabled.

My thanks to DoR for pointing me towards the screen saver.


What's the history about the Shift + Arrow keys in terminal?

Terminal emulators such as gnome-terminal ("Terminal" in Ubuntu) but also xterm and urxvt are named "emulators" because they reproduce the behavior of older terminals which were the only display of a computer. Such terminals communicated with the computer with a text-based protocol and were initially designed to receive only text. Quickly, more control was needed: how to erase a line? Use colors? Or change the cursor position?

Source: The Art of Unix Usability - Command-Line Interfaces

Escape sequences were designed for every terminal to do such things. They are named escape because they start with the ASCII escape code: 33. There's no way to print such a character directly, which makes it a good fit for such sequences. When we still want to display this characted, ^[[ is used, and this is what I'll use in my explanations.

When the terminal received ^[[A, it did not mean "print ^[[A", but "the user pressed the up-arrow key". "A" here is totally arbitrary: it just happens to be the letter everybody agreed on, because that's what the DEC VT-52 and its successor the popular VT-100 terminal used.

Source: DEC VT-52 Maintenance Manual 1976

This is still the way terminal emulators work today: depending on the $TERM variable, a database named terminfo is responsible for saying what codes should be sent to the shell (bash, sh, zsh...), which is then responsible for understanding them and react to them.

Now, the code for Shift + up happens to be ^[[1;2A: the terminal emulator sends this code to the shell, which tries to interpret ^[[1;2 but does not display anything because it doesn't know about that escape sequence. But A is left and displayed.


How to install suggested packages in apt-get

suggests and recommends are not the same thing.

Package A depends on Package B if B absolutely must be installed in order to run A. In some cases, A depends not only on B, but on a version of B. In this case, the version dependency is usually a lower limit, in the sense that A depends on any version of B more recent than some specified version.
Package A recommends Package B, if the package maintainer judges that most users would not want A without also having the functionality provided by B.
Package A suggests Package B if B contains files that are related to (and usually enhance) the functionality of A.

See The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ for details.
By default, apt-get installs recommended packages.
Your option --install-suggests adds in the suggested packages and their suggested dependencies.
--install-suggests
    Consider suggested packages as a dependency for installing.
    Configuration Item: APT::Install-Suggests.

see apt-get(8).


SSH configurations between Ubuntu-book and MacMini

No, disabling PAM disables PAM. It does not allow for any other authentication modes, nor does it open any other vulnerabilities. By default, Ubuntu is quite secure, and even allowing password authentication is rather secure, as long as you stick to high quality passwords.

PAM is the Pluggable Authentication Module for Linux, which by default handles logins, and are able to authenticate via a wide variety of methods, which includes passwords by default, but may also be extended to require for instance one time passwords.


The solution described in another post worked for me in Ubuntu 18.04:

sudo apt install --install-recommends linux-generic-hwe-18.04 xserver-xorg-hwe-18.04


You should probably download the .deb from Steam instead of searching for it on the Software Center. There are two Steam applications, and only the .deb will give the right one to install.

http://store.steampowered.com/about/


Setting up NFS client shows "local domain name not set" error

I fixed the problem by executing hostname computer_name. I really have no idea why this wasn't set up during installation.


Does Boot Repair work for reinstalling GRUB on a UEFI dual boot?

According to the official Homepage it's also for UEFI:

and much more ! (UEFI, SecureBoot, RAID, LVM, Wubi, filesystem repair...)

Actually, i would just give it a try, just use the boot repair disc.


Shrinking \root partition on SSD. How dangerous is this?

If the partition resizing worked, your system health is probably as good as it was before the operation.

To check the health of an SSD, run smartctl. For example, if your SSD is device /dev/sda, run smartctl -a /dev/sda command. The output will contain a "SMART overall-health self-assessment test result" which is almost always "PASSED" but if "FAILED" is a sure indicator of failure. More detail and indications of problems can be found in the attributes table. Below is an example from a failed SanDisk SDD. Note the non-zero RAW VALUE for Reallocated_Sector_Ct (not good) and Reported_Uncorrect (bad). Different drives support different attributes but you can focus on attributes that contain the words error or fail. You can then run the extended offline test with the smartctl -t long /dev/sda command. Wait for the prescribed length of time for the test to complete and then run smartctl -a /dev/sda again. In the example below, the device had a "read failure" result so there was definitely a problem.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 4
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       34
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   253   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       288
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       22
166 Unknown_Attribute       0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       1
167 Unknown_Attribute       0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       40
168 Unknown_Attribute       0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       5658
169 Unknown_Attribute       0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       212
171 Unknown_Attribute       0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       22
172 Unknown_Attribute       0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       0
173 Unknown_Attribute       0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       4646
174 Unknown_Attribute       0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       8
187 Reported_Uncorrect      0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       56434
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   072   028   ---    Old_age   Always       -       28 (Min/Max 17/28)
212 Unknown_Attribute       0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       0
230 Head_Amplitude          0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       39510
232 Available_Reservd_Space 0x0033   100   100   004    Pre-fail  Always       -       99
233 Media_Wearout_Indicator 0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       603966
241 Total_LBAs_Written      0x0030   253   253   ---    Old_age   Offline      -       454942
242 Total_LBAs_Read         0x0030   253   253   ---    Old_age   Offline      -       376644
243 Unknown_Attribute       0x0032   100   100   ---    Old_age   Always       -       0

SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Extended offline    Completed: read failure       00%       288         14416944


Nautilus error after upgrading from 12.10 to 13.04

To change permissions on a folder, it may be simpler to use chmod:

sudo chmod -R 666 /PATH/TO/FOLDER

should work.

You may want to try another File Manager to Nautilus to see if that works better - Nemo runs well with gksu.., and it also has:


How to create a two node cluster for Ubuntu 12.04?

It should not be that hard to set up torque for this, you need:

torque-server, torque-scheduler and torque-client installed in one of the computers;
torque-client installed on the second one;
Make sure that you are using hostnames and that hostnames can be easily resolved in your network (IPs are not used), force it in to your /etc/hosts file if needed;
For password less access you need to set up ssh keys between the computers;
A shared NFS home for your user, or another directory that you can use between computers is highly recommended (its good if torque can write the output of the jobs you are sending without any issues);
Setup the initial torque configuration by editing /etc/torque/server_name and /var/spool/torque/server_priv/nodes;
Set up a queue in torque in torque with each of the computers in your network and the resources that are available in each computer (CPUs, RAM).

After that is done the only thing you need to do actually is send jobs to the queue and torque will figure out if there is anything available on your queue.

Note: If you are stuck in any step here please use the search functions on this site to look for how-tos about that subject and if you are stuck on a specific issue with setting up torque just open a new question with "how do I do X in torque". Your question is very vague so the only answer you can get is also very vague...


upgrade to 13.04 from 12.10 without quantal repo

For the most part you can get away with changing all the references of the old release to the new release (ie: "quantal" to "trusty" for example) in /etc/apt/sources.list (and any .list files under /etc/apt/sources.list.d/), run an apt-get update and then an apt-get dist-upgrade - I've seen very few installations "break" using this hackish method.

But the best way is to ensure that /home is on its own partition or volume, allowing you to easily upgrade or completely reinstall Ubuntu without impacting on personal data because you tell the installer you mount the partition/volume as /home but not to format it.

If the system in question has not got /home separate, then grab a USB HDD, backup the entire /home folder structure to it with rsync -avz /home /path/to/usb/hdd --progress, then reformat and reinstall with a proper partitioning setup (eg: 20GB for root "/", 4GB for "swap" and the remainder of the drive for home "/home"), then restore the contents of /home from the USB HDD, change owner ID's on all files and folders if necessary with a big chown -R username: /home/username command and then pat yourself on the back.


SOLUTION/FIX that worked for me: From Ask Ubuntu, GDM session list borked

Try reinstalling the gnome-session package:
    sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-session


I installed ubuntu after tweaking a few hours with UEFI (boot-repair doesn't work you need to manually change the Windows boot file in /EFI/Boot with the grub one). For daily usage it's perfect, it's fast and touchscreen gestures work (even if sometimes when you use both touchpad and touchscreen at a certain point touchscreen starts hovering instead of clicking)! I suggest you install Google chrome since firefox doesn't support touchscreen devices yet. The only thing that still doesn't work are the brightness control keys which I can't use since the fn-keys map is partially wrong.


Maliit onscreen keyboard installed on MSI Windpad 110w tablet in Saucy,but will not open

To install maliit-keyboard just follow these instructions.

Check the universe repository is enabled.

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Ensure that universe is included.

you can do it GUI Open ubuntu software center then click on Edit -> Software Sources and then check on the universe item.

After any changes you should run this command to update your system.

sudo apt-get update

You can now install the package like this.

sudo apt-get install maliit-keyboard

Which will install maliit-keyboard and any other packages on which it depends.

source and more information


Trouble mounting a bind mount point for owncloud

One solution to this problem is to add the www-data user to the group which owns the file, then adjust the group permissions for the file using chmod , so that the group has write access.


Voice calls not working over gtalk with empathy

According to the Empathy FAQ:

  How can I test if audio/video is working?

  Collabora is hosting an echo service: echo@test.collabora.co.uk .
  This is a jabber contact you can add to your roster. When you call it,
  anything you say will be echoed to you.

  Does Empathy support audio and video chat with Google Talk?

  Yes, you can have a audio or video chat on the Gtalk protocol with
  someone using Gmail's video chat feature, Empathy or Pidgin.

  Note that if your contact is using Google Video, be sure he has the
  latest version of the plugin which can be downloaded from this
  page.

  Which video codec do I need?

  For calls between empathy and empathy, all you need is theora, which
  is installed by default on all distributions.

  For calls between empathy and gtalk, you need h264 encoder. On ubuntu
  you can get it by installing gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly-multiverse
  and gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg . To know if a codec is installed, you can
  use that command:

$ gst-inspect-0.10 | grep 264

  Make sure you have encoder and decoder in the list. For h264 you'll
  have x264enc encoder for example. Similar command can be used for
  other codecs.

So have you troubleshot the application with the above steps mentioned and are still having the problem? If so, please add any necessary information to the post above and leave a comment on this answer (so that I can delete it off). However, if the problem has been solved due to this answer, please mark it accepted :)


if you use/install catalyst drivers for your graphics card, inside the Catalyst Control Center you'll find tearing setting under the monitor options folder that solves that.


How do you avoid internet access during MAAS commissioning?

Why

MAAS needs access to an Ubuntu archive to install packages to complete commissioning and deployment. If you have a local mirror of the Ubuntu archive then you can configure MAAS to use that instead of "archive.ubuntu.com".

Configure

This is dependent of the version of MAAS. I will provide information on how to do this on 2.1.1 as this is the default version in Xenial.

WebUI

Visit "Settings" page in the main navigation at the top of the MAAS. Then in the second header click "Package Repositories". On that page in a default MAAS install you will see to repositories, "Ubuntu archive" and "Ubuntu extra architectures". You will most likely want to modify the "Ubuntu archive" if your only using i386 or amd64. Hover over the line and click the edit icon. From here you can modify the URL of the archive to point to your Ubuntu mirror. Do the same to the "Ubuntu extra architectures" if needed.

CLI

This can also be done with the CLI.

For "Ubuntu archive":

maas {session} package-repository update 1 url="http://{ip_or_hostname}/ubuntu"

For "Ubuntu extra architectures":

maas {session} package-repository update 2 url="http://{ip_or_hostname}/ubuntu"


Unable to login to Desktop, keeps returning to a terminal

Log in on the console (the black screen you're referring to). Then, look in /var/log/Xorg.0.log and see if there's anything relevant there. If you don't find anything there, check out ~/.xsession-errors.

If you don't know how to look at files from the command line, try this:

~:$ less /var/log/Xorg.0.log
~:$ grep -v DEBUG < ~/.xsession-errors | less  # Filters out lines containing DEBUG

If you don't understand what you're seeing, post it here.

(PS: I know this isn't really much of an answer--it's really just troubleshooting--but since I'm not allowed to post comments, I have to frame this as an answer.)


"Could not connect to wicd's D-Bus interface. Check the wicd log for error messages."

This might be a symptom of this bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/wicd/+bug/1132529

The solution that worked for me was to run the following commands from the command line (see comment #22 from above link):

sudo service wicd stop
rm /etc/resolv.conf
rm /var/lib/wicd/resolv.conf.orig
ln -s /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf /var/lib/wicd/resolv.conf.orig
sudo service wicd start

Hope that helps!


What you are seeing is font hinting.

First, play with the font rendering settings in KDE and see if it fixes your problem.

You can probably disable it in about:config by searching for the preferences starting with "gfx" and testing them out.


While in Firefox, press Ctrl+Shift+Delete. Select how much history you want to clear, I'd suggest you to clear Everything.

Next, click the arrow next to Details to select exactly what information will get cleared. Again, check everything present there.

Finally, click the Clear Now button. The window will close and the items you've selected will be cleared.


Can not get correct sha256sum hash for Kubuntu 15.10 DVD

Hashing /dev/cdrom has the effect of hashing also potential blank space at the end of the DVD, which changes the output hash: this is because ISOs are padded with zeros at the end until their overall size matches a multiple of 16 sectors, or 32768 B, before they are burnt.

If you want to hash the DVD, make sure that you're hashing the same number of bytes of the original image; in the commands below, make sure that $total is divisible by $bs ($bs is arbitrary, but I suggest using a number "bigger enough" than the default 512, as the default 512 usually slows down the reading; maybe this isn't relevant for DVD-ROM drives, but just to make sure):

total="$(du /path/to/image.iso | cut -d $'\t' -f 1)"
bs=8192 # make sure that $total is divisible by this number
dd if=/dev/cdrom iflag=fullblock bs=$bs count=$((total/bs)) | sha256sum -


Can I unmount media/username partition? (dual boot ubuntu 16.04 and windows 10)

Unmounting and deleting a partition is a completely different thing.

If you unmount a partition, you just can't access it temporary. If you delete it, all of your data is gone eventually.

And according to your screenshots you /media is using 300GB. So there are more than just some hidden files.

If I know it right, under media are your mounted devices. I guess, maybe your windows partition is mounted there

EDIT:

Nautilus is probably automounting your hard drives and partitions. You can disable this as described here How to disable automount in nautilus's preferences .

Or if this is not the problem, look in to your fstab file with something like

more /etc/fstab

If you see your unwanted windows partition, just comment it out with a # at the beginning of the line.

Could you please give us a feedback and maybe some more information about the 7GB used space, is there anything you need or are those really just hidden files?


This is perhaps a hardware issue that exists in ACER ASPIRE 4751Z. This particular model is quite old now and the number of active users is decreasing. Therefore, this problem is too localized.


Bluetooth adapter lost after updating ubuntu 15.04

The firmware file might have changed names, Pilot6 has a PPA with the firmware file
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-firmware

Reboot


My guess, based on the little information in your post, is that this is a permissions problem. If you are using NFS to access the NAS from ubuntu, permissions are managed using numeric user identifiers. The NAS tracks these, the client (your desktop) translates the numbers into user names.
Most likely, between the different versions, the user name you are using got assigned a different UID. Probably, it used to be 1000, now it is 1001. (Unless running off a live CD means you are root all the time?)

As a first step to debugging, how are you accessing the NAS, and can you do an ls -l of the problem files? (All we want is the left hand columns, not the file names)


Is there a program that bans me from using a program for a certain amount of time?

Is that game online? sudo apt-get purge firefox-or-whatever-your-browser-is.

Just kidding. I will tell you as a recovering video-game addict that the only thing that made me stop playing a game in the short run was to decide to stop playing that game - period. I always found a way around whatever self-imposed barrier I put in front of me if I was going to play it later. Only making up my mind to not play it at all worked.

If your eye offends you, pluck it out.


1st Method

Click on the gear button on the top right corner of your screen. Then click on System Settings... and from the window that appears click on Appearance. On the right in the dropdown where it reads wallpapers click and select Pictures folder. From there you can choose an image from your own pictures.

2nd Method

Right click on the desktop and select Change Desktop Background

3rd Method

Open a terminal and run

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri file:///path/to/your/image.png


To install Ubuntu with the Wubi installer (i.e., with the installer than runs in Windows and puts Ubuntu inside the partition that already exists for your Windows system), follow the official instructions (which are a click away from the download page).

If you encounter a problem while following these (or any other) instructions, it is best to post a question that includes a link to the instructions you're using, describes in detail what you did, and describes in detail whatever went wrong (including the full and exact text of any error messages).


I actually found that I needed DHCP, and solved using GADMIN-DHCPD


Connection Logitech Group to HP notebook with Ubuntu 18.04

The only solution I've found is to downgrade/upgrade your kernel (assuming that you are on a 5.x kernel lower than 5.9).
I fixed it myself by downgrading from 5.x to 4.4.x, and according to https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=203419, it should be working with kernel 5.9.0 now.


What are my network and computer IP addresses?

First of all try ifconfig. If you are directly connected to internet or not behind a router, then It will show your public and local IPs, both.

find the lines inet addr:X.X.X.X. Here X.X.X.X will be your ip. (It might be local/private ip like 127.0.0.1 or 192.168.X.X or public ip like 117.197.X.X)

If you are behind a router, then your computer will not know about the public IP address as the router does a network address translation. You could request this website using wget to know public IP, wget http://ipecho.net/plain -O - -q ; echo

OR Simply go to www.google.com and search my ip.


Most BIOS and CPUs now have 'Virtualization Technology' of some sort.  Depending on the manufacturer, this may be called VT-x, or AMD-v.  You should first determine if these can be enabled within your BIOS, and then, if they were available, enable them within the BIOS and then within your Virtual Machine's settings within VirtualBox.

Another thing that will improve performance is to install the Guest Partitions for VirtualBox.  This should give you better access to hardware, including USB and Graphics Cards, etc.

Also, while 2GB or RAM might be plenty for your VM, you might try increasing it to 4GB, or ensuring proper SWAP is available.  Also, since you're on an i7, you could probably give the VM at least two cores on which to run.

You may want to take a look at Oracle's Documentation covering USB issues, as well as checking Enable USB 2.0 (EHCI) Controller under USB in the Virtual Machine's settings.

A side note is that I've never run VirtualBox under Windows to run Linux.  I've always used a Linux host with VirtualBox to run Windows.  Linux seems to be better at handling virtualization than Windows, but these suggestions should help you a bit.


Customizing terminal tab color in Ubuntu 17.10

You can use the following style to get tab working:

/* gnome-terminal */
@define-color terminal_bg #300a24;
@define-color bg_color_active_tab #157bb7;

notebook.terminal-notebook header.top tab,
notebook.terminal-notebook header.top tab:hover {
    background-image: -gtk-gradient (linear, left top, left bottom,
                                    from (shade (@fg_color, 0.92)),
                                    color-stop (0.60, shade (@fg_color, 0.9)),
                                    to (shade (@fg_color, 0.85)));
    color: @bg_color;
}

notebook.terminal-notebook header.top tab:checked {
    background-image: -gtk-gradient (linear, left top, left bottom,
                    from (shade (@bg_color_active_tab, 1.2)),
                    to (shade (@bg_color_active_tab, 1.12)));
    color: @bg_color;

}

This will result in:


Dell Inspiron 3537, problems with resuming from suspend with AMD Radeon HD 8800M graphics card

See this, hope it helps.

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS often get a black screen with mouse cursor when trying to resume from lock screen.

And - if possible - test suspend / resume from newer version 13.10, for example.


There are several things to consider.

When you log onto your college wifi, does it open a webpage where you can input your credentials? Try opening a webpage on firefox or chrome to see if there is a login webpage.
I've run into the problem where my school wifi says it does not support my Linux distro, but then I just open a new tab and the internet works fine. Try that, if you can open and login to the network via a login webpage.
If all else fails, contact your college's computing/network help desk, they probably know the most about making the wifi accessible to linux users.

Good luck!


Having an issue with using Tenda Wireless PCI Adapter W322p setup

In all recent Ubuntu  versions, your device is covered by the driver rt2800pci that's built-in already. Please open a terminal and check to see if it's loaded:

lsmod | grep rt2

If not, load it:

sudo modprobe rt2800pci

Was a wireless interface created, ideally wlan0?

iwconfig

Does it scan and see networks?

sudo iwlist wlan0 scan

Are there any informative clues in the logs?

dmesg | grep -e wlan -e rt2

Finally, what Ubuntu version are you running?

lsb_release -d


Is it possible to fix dependency issues by reverting to previous package versions?

The key clue is the error message "Version A is needed, but Version B is to be installed." On a stock Ubuntu system, versions A and B are the same, so there is no error. All packages in one release are built against the same versions of all dependencies.
This error only occurs when you introduce a new wrong-version apt-source for packages. The new source wants different versions than are in the Ubuntu repositories, hence the error.
The dependency error is only a symptom. It's really a source problem. You unwisely added a wrong-version source.
Let's do a tiny bit of detective work to confirm that it's a sources problem:  The rmadison application (from the devscripts package) indicates that:

libc6 version 2.28 is Ubuntu 18.10/19.04
libc6 version 2.27-3 is Ubuntu 18.04.

In this case, the error message means that you are running Ubuntu 18.04, but you have added an 18.10 or 19.04 source. Don't do that. Wrong versions will break your system...as you have discovered.


If you do not need any of your data, you can format all the disk.
Then boot win7 using  bootable pendrive.
When your win7 installation is complete, then you can take the iso file of ubuntu in pen drive and make the separate drive of approx 10GB.
Then boot ubuntu using pendrive.


How to upgrade from Ubuntu 12.10 to 14.04

Did you try

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo do-release-upgrade

This should upgrade your system to 14.04 from 12.04 without any problem


ubuntu 14.04 can't install on my dell inpiron mini 1012

Ubuntu or Kubuntu 14.04 and later will be quite slow on this hardware. Please try Xubuntu or even Lubuntu 14.04. They are much more lightweight on resources.

You may try as well to change the boot options. When the ubuntu logo appears, press F6, then use space key to enable "acpi=off". If that doesn't work, you may try the other options from that menu as well.
You may read more about boot options here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootOptions


Bash command to recognize difference between variables

The easiest solution is to abuse the fact that digits come before letters in all major character encodings.
Simply split the string into multiple lines, sort the lines, then merge the lines back together into a single line.
#!/bin/bash
printf '%s\n' "$@" | sort | xargs echo

Output:
$ ./a.sh Fred 18
18 Fred
$ ./a.sh 17 Barbie
17 Barbie

It even works for multi-word names, but then you should enclose the name in quotes, to prevent sort from changing the order of the words.
$ ./a.sh "Fred Astaire" 18
18 Fred Astaire
$ ./a.sh Fred Astaire 18
18 Astaire Fred


Drm:intel_pipe_config_compare [i915]] *error* mismatch in ips_enabled

I reinstalled Ubuntu 15.10 from the same beta image like before and I cannot re-surrect this error any more.

What I did different this time was that I disabled animations with:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface enable-animations false

Then I updated the system

apt-get update; apt-get upgrade

before I installed these packages that are mainly usually part of kde:

apt-get install kate krusader dolphin chromium-browser

So it definitely can work wit kernel 4.2.0-11-generic


Despite its name eglibc is not only used for embedded systems and as a matter of fact Ubuntu uses eglibc as its primary and only libc since version 9.10.

So unless you installed glibc yourself, eglibc is the only C library you have.

As such almost all applications on your system depend on it and it is an integral part of your system.

So you should definitely update it.


My own Ubuntu started with Ubuntu 17.10 (pre-release) where I added LXDE (Lubuntu), XFCE (Xubuntu), MATE (Ubuntu-MATE).  It's now been release-upgraded a few times and am now on 20.04 with the LXDE being replaced by LXQt.

As I don't have, nor have ever added Budgie/Trinity to anything - I can't speak to those.

In my experience when you add the second desktop you'll be unlikely to have problems, the chance of problems increases as you add more.

I had problems with KDE & MATE on my box (LXDE & XFCE & GNOME already there), but if [all] my other desktops weren't installed KDE & MATE went perfectly together.

I also found the order they are installed matters; I played with what I wanted (decided to drop KDE & just use MATE; if re-doing today I'd go the other way & keep KDE)

On the KDE/MATE clash, I couldn't find the clash (to raise bug report) as I loaded KDE/MATE combinations easily in testing with any other base desktop; the issue only occurred with my wanted desktops... ie. the more you have the more problems you should expect.

I use many boxes, and nearly all have multiple desktops; I'd expect very minor problems only when adding >2, and more as the number increases.


Upgrade Kubuntu from 20.04 to 20.04.02 LTS

sudo apt update

to update software lists (make your system fully aware of what updated packages are available)
and
sudo apt full-upgrade

to upgrade your packages  (sudo apt-get dist-upgrade will perform the function as well, dist-upgrade was the operand for apt-get where full-upgrade is for the newer apt, either will work)


Restrict User To Specific Apps and Restrict Writing Except When Using Said Apps

AppArmor or SELinux should answer.

AppArmor seems more common at this point, but you'll need to dig a bit to find information on configuring it for users (most tutorials only mention program profiles, not user profiles). The AppArmor documentation has details, particularly the language quickstart and the profile language reference.

The level of restriction you desire will require a lot of testing and tuning to get right. There are a lot of required permissions that aren't immediately obvious. For example, Mozilla will want to log browser history somewhere, and many programs put files in the /tmp hierachy. Running the application from a command prompt often yields useful debug output, and the strace command can be helpful as well.


Ubuntu 12.04 doesn't seem to execute my .profile file

Do you have a .bash_profile or .bash_login in your home directory.  There are these comments in the .profile file:

# This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login
# exists.


Running a custom command in a `gnome-terminal` profile

[NOTE: in the following, I've called the custom shell initialization file .devrc rather than .dev_profile to preserve the distinction between login and non-login shell initialization.]

Note also that this answer assumes that what you really want to do is source a custom environment rather than run a custom command.

One way to do this would be to create a custom initialization file (.devrc, say) that sources the standard files and then adds your customizations e.g.:

$ cat ~/.devrc
#
# Custom .bashrc for develeopment terminal profile
#
if [ -r "/etc/bash.bashrc" ]; then
    . "/etc/bash.bashrc"
fi

if [ -r "$HOME/.bashrc" ]; then
    . "$HOME/.bashrc"
fi

# add your dev-specific stuff here
export myvar1=foo
export myvar2=bar

Then in your gnome-terminal profile, you can set the Custom Command to use the alternate rc file

/bin/bash --rcfile "/home/steeldriver/.devrc"


It turned out my motherboard wasn't capable of doing 2560x1440 over the DVI port. Only over HDMI but that wasn't alright for my monitor. Ended up buying a new video card.


Wacom Tablet Weird interaction with Manga Studios

Yes, in Manga Studio EX 5, under File/Preferences (Ctrl+K), find "Tablet" on the left side and click it, then click "Tablet PC" instead of "Wintab" or whatever else it says for your setup. This worked for me. Thanks Ashton for the updated info.


Will it be possible to run unity compiz in virtual box or another virtual machine?

Unity 3D from 11.04 runs fine in Virtual Box >=4.0.6 as tested with NVidia proprietary graphics driver on the host. 3D support is activated by installation of Guest Additions.


Partition disappears after modifying fstab

First of all do not mount partitions to /boot. That is fundamentally wrong. It may get your system unworkable.

To see partitions in your file manager you need to mount them to sub-directories of /media

The line should look like

UUID=4462435862434E3C /media/Data  ntfs-3g  defaults,windows_names,locale=en_US.utf8  0 0

You will also need to change the “locale=en_US.utf8” option to one suitable for your location and language if you are not in the USA. You can determine your locale with this terminal command

locale

You may also need to change ownership of the mount point to your user by running.

 sudo chown $USER:$USER /media/Data

or another mount point to give access to partition contents.


Half of my disk space is assigned to Ubuntu. How can I move some to Windows?

Use an Ubuntu live-CD and run Gparted to change the allocated partitions on your disk.  You can also download GParted and create a dedicated bootable CD or USB drive.  A tutorial on the use of Gparted is available at:  http://www.dedoimedo.com/computers/gparted.html

Note that, depending on your disk setup, you may have to shrink the Ubuntu partition first in order to create some unallocated space, and then move the Ubuntu partition to the right so that the unallocated space is immediately to the right of the windows partition.  You can then resize the Windows partition to use all the unallocated space.  This assumes that Windows was loaded first and occupies the front of the drive.


How do I list all currently installed "winetricks"?

According to the manpage this should do the trick:

 winetricks list-installed

Also have a look at the settings via

 winetricks settings list


Ubuntu 15.10 - Citrix Receiver - SSL error 61

OK thx to the hints from @sletarte here the solution:

Place certificate to be trusted in /usr/local/share/ca-certificates
Execute sudo update-ca-certificates
You should see something line this:
1 added, 0 removed; done.
Running hooks in /etc/ca-certificates/update.d....
Adding debian:SymantecClass3SecureServerCA-G4.pem
Use Google Chrome instead of Firefox


In the power setting of ubuntu, set it like that:
image

Especially the When the lid is closed

set On battery power as  Suspend

and When plugged in as Do nothing


Quad-Buffered Stereo under Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

Try edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf so the 'screen' section looks like this;

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier     "Monitor0"
    VendorName     "Unknown"
    ModelName      "BenQ XL2420TX"
    HorizSync       30.0 - 140.0
    VertRefresh     56.0 - 120.0
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier     "Videocard0"
    Driver         "nvidia"
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier     "Device0"
    Driver         "nvidia"
    VendorName     "NVIDIA Corporation"
    BoardName      "Quadro K420"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier     "Default Screen"
    Device         "Videocard0"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier     "Screen0"
    Device         "Device0"
    Monitor        "Monitor0"
    DefaultDepth    24
    Option         "Stereo" "10"
    Option         "nvidiaXineramaInfoOrder" "DFP-0"
    Option         "metamodes" "DVI-I-1: 1920x1080_120 +0+0, DP-1: nvidia-auto-select
 +1920+0"
    Option         "SLI" "Off"
    Option         "MultiGPU" "Off"
    Option         "BaseMosaic" "off"
    SubSection     "Display"
        Depth       24
    EndSubSection
EndSection


Stack docklet like docky in Ubuntu 12.04 Unity

You can try using Cairo Dock 3.0 in your system. It works fine and is comfortable to use.

You can install it using the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cairo-dock-team/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cairo-dock cairo-dock-plug-ins

It maintains the naturalism of Unity along with the convenience of a proper dock.


GT 730 Driver Installation Issues on Ubuntu 14.04 64-bit

Solved using this: Cannot access secondary GPU - error: Could not load GPU driver

sudo apt-get purge i915-3.15-3.13-dkms
sudo apt-get install --reinstall xserver-xorg-video-intel libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dri xserver-xorg-core
sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg
sudo apt-get install --reinstall nvidia-340
sudo dpkg-reconfigure bbswitch-dkms
sudo ldconfig -n
sudo update-initramfs -u
sudo reboot


Allow ip address / machine name accessible from remote conneciton

This is an ipfs issue and required to change configuration. Specifically update

~/.ipfs/config with :

"Gateway": "/ip4/0.0.0.0/tcp/8080"

instead of:

"Gateway": "/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/8080"


If your root partition is not encrypted, or if you're not sure, try this:
Boot off a Ubuntu install DVD or USB stick and select Try Ubuntu.

If you are able to see your files, edit /etc/fstab and remove the line that looks like this:

/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-swap_1 none            swap    sw              0       0

Reboot and it shouldn't ask you for a passphrase.

If you can't see any files then your root partition is encrypted. I personally haven't experienced this issue, so I can't speak with certainty, but the system shouldn't need to access the swap partition to boot... try pushing enter a few times and see if it gives up and continues booting.


ubuntu 13.04 cant read windows 8 partition anymore

My guess is that the partition for windows 8 isn't mounted. If it's not mounted, you can't access it. You can test this out by opening nautilus and clicking on the drive for windows 8 and then trying the link you made. You'll need to mount that partition every time you turn on your computer or create a script to run everytime on boot to mount that parition.


Should I install nvidia drivers, even if I don't use it?

Generally, if you don't use the Nvidia drivers, there is no need to install them, and the initial Ubuntu installs don't have them by default anyway.  After an uninstall, there might be some leftover configuration files which interfere with things (like login), but if you don't experience any problems, the  result is equivalent to a fresh install without the drivers.
  The reasons for using the Nvidia drivers:

You need to use the Nvidia hardware for a second monitor on some machines.
Nvidia drivers give you better performance on some high intensity graphics applications.
Nvidia drivers might run cooler than the nouveau for some high intensity graphics applications.
You get some additional control settings with the Nvndia-settings.

The nouveau drivers (on a laptop) may have the advantage of less screen tearing when scrolling. Also, if you need to be running secure boot, they are far easier to get running and don't need constant manual intervention (signing any kernel/grub/shim updates).

Use what you feel best fits your needs.


Gparted + dual boot - no ability to install windows on a partitioncreated with it

It is easiest to install Windows first, if you have the option you should let the Ubuntu installer do most of this work for you. The installer is very intuitive with many special options for computers with windows already installed on it.

For my current build I dedicated most of my HDD to Windows because I know I can put my media on it and share it across the 2 OS's easily.

If you still want to go with installing Ubuntu first it will take you much more troubleshooting and fiddling with tools like Samba (for file sharing between Linux and Windows).


My Mac Mini (late 2012) will not show any wireless networks. Ubuntu 12.10

I ran into the same problem as you. I solved it by following the instructions on the help pages. The [instructions if you have wired internet] are the easiest - it will most probably be something like:

sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

and after a reboot you'll be good to go.

I, however, didn't have a wired connection at hand (seems my ethernet is not working) and I had to follow the no-internet instructions. Basically, I first got the .deb files on another computer where I had internet:

b43-fwcutter
firmware-b43-installer

You have to search the packages portal under your Ubuntu version. You can install them with:

sudo dpkg -i b43-fwcutter*
sudo dpkg -i firmware-b43-installer*

Now, the second one will fail, as it tries to download the latest firmware from the internet. We can copy the link that it wanted to fetch, however, and make understanding our hardware specifics and finding the appropriate version that much easier. For me the url was:

http://lwfinger.com/b43-firmware/broadcom-wl-5.100.138.tar.bz2

You can then get that file, copy it to the problematic machine, extract it:

tar xfvj broadcom-wl-*

and install it manually with something like:

sudo b43-fwcutter -w /lib/firmware broadcom-wl-5.100.138/linux/wl_apsta.o

(the exact details, file name, driver version, will probably differ, and you should conclude for yourself based on the help page and some common sense).

A reboot was then enough for my driver to start working, but there is some talk of potentially having to blacklist other drivers - explore this if it still doesn't work for you.


Impossible to install Ubuntu 18.04 on a new computer

I managed to install and run Ubuntu by editing the commands before booting (e on the GRUB screen) and adding iommu=soft among quiet splash.

edit

Well, it partialy resolved my issue. I was able to install ubuntu, yes, but now I need to update the grub command each time I have a new kernel version. Plus my computer is not booting on grub, windows is. If I want to boot on linux, I need to enter my boot option and select my partition. I tried this post but had a message on boot repair : grub-efi-amd64-signed purge cancelled


Can't login to Ubuntu 12.04 since I reinstalled battery related packages

The solution is:

Press Alt+Ctrl+F1 to go to the command line
Perform apt-get clean and reboot with sudo reboot


Ubuntu will not use integrated NVIDIA gpu

This appears to be because of how optimus graphics work (routing the gpu though the intel graphics), coupled with nvidia-smi not showing processes properly(?). I was futher confused by another bug causing gnome system monitor to stutter the screen ever update (1 second in my case).


E: Package 'python-imaging' has no installation candidate Ubuntu 18.04

From this error message statement:

However the following packages replace it: python-pil:i386 python-pil

It seems all you need to do is install python-pil now:

sudo apt-get install python-pil python3-pil

The whole command will be:

sudo apt install python-libvirt libvirt-bin libvirt0 python-numpy virtinst virt-viewer virt-manager python-pil


Dockingstation resets itself from time to time

Update the docking station firmware to version A03. The firmware can be downloaded here or here.
Update #1:
ThinkPad X390
You have BIOS version N2JET92W (1.70 ). There's a newer version 1.72 available here.
  Machine types:  20NX, 20NY, 20Q0, 20Q1
  ---------------------------------------
  Absolute Persistence Module version
  ---------------------------------------

  Package        (ID)     UEFI BIOS (BIOS ID)     ECP (ECP ID)     Rev.  Issue Date
  ----------------------  -------------------  -----------------   ----  ----------
  1.72        (N2JUL31W)    1.72 (N2JET94W)      1.21 (N2JHT37W)   01    2021/03/12
  1.71        (N2JUL30W)    1.71 (N2JET93W)      1.21 (N2JHT37W)   01    2021/01/20
  1.70        (N2JUL29W)    1.70 (N2JET92W)      1.20 (N2JHT36W)   01    2020/09/17

Note: Confirm that I have the correct web page for your model # and machine type.
Note: Have good backups before updating the BIOS.


You can find the network device logical name by the command:

sudo lshw -C network

In my case, my logical network device name is enp3s0. So I replaced the device name from eth0 to enp3s0 and it works.


Unprivileged user can't change ownership of a file. To do so, you must be a privileged user or use sudo before chown command. Consider that you must be sudoer to issue sudo.

touch myfile
sudo chown root myfile


Is open source software vulnerable to viruses?

It's not that they couldn't exist.  It's that by and large they don't.

The security model being a little more complicated on most open source systems and the peer review of code by other developers both lead to this.

Here's an example:
For closed source applications -
You're developing an application, and you use some windows library.  It crashes when you pass it an incorrect parameter.  You tweak your application to pass the parameter properly so it works and move on.

Same scenario for open source applications -
You're developing an application, and you use some linux library.  It crashes when you pass an incorrect parameter.  If you think the way you passed it is sane, you see why it crashed and submit a bug-report to the library package with a patch to make it work as anticipated.  If you think the way you passed it was wrong, you see why it crashed and submit a bug-report to the library package with a patch to make sanitize that input.

See the difference in the outcome on the two scenarios?

And why not an antivirus?
The best answers I can come up with on why not antivirus are this, this, and this.  Anti-virus has a place, but it's not a solution.


I got the following message when installing stacer (version 1.1.0-3) in Ubuntu 20.04 with sudo apt install stacer:
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  fonts-inter libdouble-conversion3 libpcre2-16-0 libqt5charts5 libqt5core5a
  libqt5dbus5 libqt5gui5 libqt5network5 libqt5svg5 libqt5widgets5
  libxcb-xinerama0 libxcb-xinput0 qt5-gtk-platformtheme qttranslations5-l10n
  stacer

Use the apt policy package-name command to check whether all of these packages are installed. If any of these packages are not installed then install them. If you get an error message in the terminal when trying to install any of these packages please post the error message in a comment or add the error message  to your question.
If this doesn't work then please post the results of echo $PATH in a comment.
If stacer is installed it looks like this.


Will adding more RAM increase my computer's performance?

Open a terminal window and run the command

free

It will show you if your hard disk is used for memory caching (which is slow, and should be minimised). The value you should read is Swap x used. Normally, if you have over 3GB, the Swap that is used should be 0, that is, not used at all. So, with 6GB or more RAM, you definitely do not use the disk for swapping.

The other thing is the hard disk, which are slow compared to an SSD disk. If you want to invest on a faster computer, then you can get an SSD disk, and install Ubuntu on this fast disk. You can still use your existing hard disk for storage of files. The SSD will be blazing fast and Ubuntu will boot + run very fast. It makes a big difference.

UPDATE
You can replace your existing laptop hard disk with a 2.5" SSD disk. These SSD disks are more expensive than traditional hard disks, but they are blazingly fast. You can convert your old laptop hard disk into an external hard disk by buying a 2.5" external USB disk case.


How do I use a USB joystick to generate MIDI data to control audio apps?

Something to try

Its been a long time since I've played with anything like this.  If you lucky, your software will allow direct input from /dev/input0 (or whichever your joystick is)

Good luck.


Lubuntu20.04: How to make Alt-Tab cycle through only current workspace's windows and Ctrl-Alt-Tab fo switch through all windows in all workspaces?

Should work with the following definition in ~/.config/openbox/lxqt-rc.xml (this might be ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml in plain openbox):

<keybind key="A-Tab">
  <action name="NextWindow">
    <allDesktops>no<allDesktops>
  </action>
</keybind>
<keybind key="C-A-Tab">
  <action name="NextWindow">
    <allDesktops>yes<allDesktops>
  </action>
</keybind>


Side bar and Menu bar lost after upgrading to 14.10

First of all, this is possible to do.

Reinstall Ubuntu-Desktop , Unity and lightdm using apt-get install reinstall ubuntu-desktop unity lightdm ,and reboot your device , let me know if the problem still there, thanks .


I solved my problem:

I had an error in my syntax. The global_defs shouldn't go over the other configuration. The  virtual_ipaddress{} should be in the vrrp_instance config tag.


How to add partition for UBUNTU 12.04 in my MacBook Pro 7.1 that already have Windows XP and OS X 10.6.8 (bootcamp)?

on diskutility do the partition leaving the partition as "free space" then from ubuntu intaller configure it, here is a guide but is in spanish... is for kubuntu, but I guess should be similar
http://blueleaflinux.blogspot.com/2012/04/guia-de-instalacion-de-kubuntu-1204_25.html


How to run script after resume and after unlocking screen

It looks like you have to hard code the username in the previous answer anyways, so here's a simple script for in /etc/pm/sleep.d if anyone is looking for a quick fix:

#!/bin/bash
case "$1" in
    hibernate|suspend)
        sudo -u USERNAME env DISPLAY=:0 zenity --info --text "do stuff on suspend"
        ;;
    thaw|resume)
        sudo -u USERNAME env DISPLAY=:0 zenity --info --text "do stuff on resume"
        ;;
esac


checkinstall failing to install debian package

You already have SIP installed.

Your error message says that the file /usr/include/python2.7/sip.h already exists, and is part of the python-sip-dev file.

You can fix this in two ways:

Uninstall python-sip-dev using sudo apt-get uninstall.
Do nothing.


How to create a disc image of my existing Ubuntu 14.04?

You can use fsarchiver, Clonezilla, dd or ddrescue, partimage, remastersys, G4L (Ghost for Linux), ...

Please do some research into these tools and if you get stuck, open a new question.

If you just want to install the same packages on other machines:

Step 1: Store the list of installed packages

Run the following command on the source machine to store the installed packages names in ~/pkglist:

sudo dpkg --get-selections | sed "s/.*deinstall//" | sed "s/install$//g" > ~/pkglist

Step 2: Transfer your config

Use scp or rsync or even a flash drive to transfer your home directory (~/*, ~/.*), the source list (/etc/apt/sources.list) and any other files you customized or installed (like apache config under /etc or software on /opt) from the source machine to the target one.

Step 3: Install packages

On the target machine run the following command in a failsafe terminal session to install your packages:

sudo aptitude update && cat pkglist | xargs sudo aptitude install -y

Source


Found it! Lovely little blog post right here:

http://xubuntugeek.blogspot.com/2013/02/how-to-downgrade-abiword-version-to-286.html

You start from having version 2.9.2 installed, then you just run this one big long command from the terminal to download xubuntugeek's script, uninstall the old version, install the new one, and it even cleans up the script for you :).

cd && wget -O downgrade_abiword.sh http://goo.gl/cZM6N && chmod +x downgrade_abiword.sh && ./downgrade_abiword.sh && rm downgrade_abiword.sh


I Have 2 Ubuntu options in Bios even after uninstalling the partition of elementary os freya in windows?

Two options in UEFI do not harm. It happens because both UEFI and update-grub wrote there. The best way to 'fix' it is to remove both items using efibootmgr and run 'sudo update-grub'.

sudo efibootmgr

You will see efi boot entries. Like Boot0001, Boot0000, etc.

To remove an entry do, e.g.

sudo efibootmgr -Bb 0000

Other options can be found by

man efibootmgr

Fail to boot from DVD is not related at all. It may be a DVD drive problem, or disk, etc.


Why did uninstalling Wubi not free disk space while virtual hard disk was 15GB?

Normally, uninstalling Wubi from the Control Panel, Add/remove programs, the Ubuntu entry, will completely remove it. In some cases, uninstalling might fail, but it's unlikely for it to succeed and not free up space.

In rare cases, if your Wubi install is corrupted, Windows may automatically run chkdsk (which you should notice when Windows boots if you are watching it) and in that case it could recover the virtual disk to a hidden \found.??? folder on the drive that Wubi is installed on. If this happens you would probably have had issues booting the Wubi install (probably stuck at a grub prompt).

To delete this leftover virtual disk (don't do this if you have data you want to recover), run CMD.EXE as an administrator (right click on it and select "Run as administrator"). Change to the drive the \ubuntu directory was on, and search for the hidden \found.??? directories. And then delete the files to free up space.

C:\>dir /a:h
 Volume in drive C is OS
 Volume Serial Number is 20A3-F99V

 Directory of C:\

2013-01-16  08:42 PM    <DIR>          $Recycle.Bin
2012-05-18  10:08 PM           389,720 bootmgr
2012-06-02  07:30 AM                 1 BOOTNXT
2012-07-26  12:22 AM    <JUNCTION>     Documents and Settings [C:\Users]
2013-01-15  05:08 PM    <DIR>          ESD
2013-01-15  05:08 PM    <DIR>          found.000
2013-05-10  03:50 PM     5,065,179,136 hiberfil.sys
2013-05-10  03:51 PM     1,006,632,960 pagefile.sys
2013-04-12  11:47 AM    <DIR>          ProgramData
2013-05-10  03:51 PM       268,435,456 swapfile.sys
2013-05-14  10:57 AM    <DIR>          System Volume Information
               5 File(s)  6,340,637,273 bytes
               6 Dir(s)   8,312,860,672 bytes free

C:\>cd \found.000
C:\found.000>dir
 Volume in drive C is OS
 Volume Serial Number is 20A3-F99V

 Directory of C:\found.000

19/07/2011  02:02 PM    15,000,000,000 file0000.chk
               1 File(s) 15,000,000,000 bytes
               0 Dir(s)  222,258,069,504 bytes free

C:\found.000>del file0000.chk

If the whole \ubuntu\disks directory was corrupted, you're looking for a directory named dir0000.chk, and inside that you'll find the correctly named root.disk and swap.disk:

C:\>cd found.000

C:\found.000>dir
 Volume in drive C is OS
 Volume Serial Number is 20A3-F99V

 Directory of C:\found.000

19/10/2012  04:51 PM    <DIR>          .
19/10/2012  04:51 PM    <DIR>          ..
19/07/2011  02:02 PM    <DIR>          dir0000.chk
               0 File(s)              0 bytes
               3 Dir(s)  222,258,069,504 bytes free

C:\found.000>dir dir0000.chk
 Volume in drive C is OS
 Volume Serial Number is 20A3-F99V

 Directory of C:\found.000\dir0000.chk

19/10/2012  04:51 PM    <DIR>          .
19/10/2012  04:51 PM    <DIR>          ..
24/02/2012  12:22 AM    <DIR>          boot
06/11/2012  09:28 AM    13,000,000,000 root.disk
15/11/2011  09:28 PM       268,435,456 swap.disk
               2 File(s) 13,268,435,456 bytes
               3 Dir(s)  127,904,968,704 bytes free

C:\>DEL \found.000\dir0000.chk\root.disk

Etc. (delete others and remove the directories)

If you find nothing, then most likely you are mistaken about the space.


Ubuntu 14.04 -- The system network services are not compatible with this version

I had the same problem a few days ago when I allowed a routine upgrade. After the reboot I could get no internet connection.

When I checked the Error Report it was trying to send, I found out that the Network Manager had crashed (not compatible with this version).

1) First I used the following command to find out what the latest installs had been:

tail -n25 /var/log/apt/history.log

The install had included:

libnl-3-200_3.2.21-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
libnl-genl-3-200_3.2.21-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
libnl-route-3-200_3.2.21-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb

which I determined were related to the Network Manager

2) With further searching I found the page (see link below) that told me I could copy the previous version files into the apt-get archives and install them:

2.1) moved out the files (above) from /var/cache/apt/archives

2.2) Downloaded and copied into /var/cache/apt/archives:

libnl-3-200_3.2.21-1_amd64.deb
libnl-genl-3-200_3.2.21-1_amd64.deb
libnl-route-3-200_3.2.21-1_amd64.deb

2.3) Then install each from that directory with:

dpkg -i libnl-3-200_3.2.21-1_amd64.deb libnl-genl-3-200_3.2.21-1_amd64.deb libnl-route-3-200_3.2.21-1_amd64.deb

2.4) Restart Ubuntu and voila! All good again. I suspect that you didn't put the files in the correct location.

This is the link to the article mentioned above that I found helpful. Note that it talks about 'proposed repository' but this was not the case for me.

I also found this post about how to lock the version of the libnl apps (note that I locked everything that had libnl in the app name, so that was a total of 19 files)


Remove persistent devices from file browser list

Using lvdisplay, vgscan, vgremove as @user195059 suggests probably works, but they are in the lvm2 package which I no longer have installed.

Instead I used

$ sudo dmsetup info

which showed "Name: unwantedDevice" of my unwanted /dev/mapper/unwantedDevice and "State: ACTIVE". I unmounted the device (from its menu in the Unity panel), then issued

$ sudo dmsetup remove unwantedDevice

and it looks like it took. I also ran sudo update-initramfs -u.


Better use:

if [[ "$(uname -m)" == "x86_64" ]]; then

Notice the space between [[ and first parameter, two = signs , and the space between "x86_64" and ]]

Also, it is not a good idea to include ! inside echo :)

I think that that's the best place to refer to when doing such operations: http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashPitfalls


If you are using Ubuntu or Debian, the easiest way would be to use the defaults file as root user:

sudo mysql --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf

if connected just change the password for your normal account:

SET PASSWORD FOR 'tom'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('foobar');

or (for one user, regardless of the host):

UPDATE mysql.USER SET Password=PASSWORD('new-password-here') WHERE USER='user-name-here';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;


Will the new NetworkManager 0.9 be included in 11.10 and what features will it bring?

Release process Network Manager v. 0.9
This major new release is planned for March 2011. It's most significant feature is a huge simplification of the configuration model, bringing benefits to both users and developers. The most significant feature for users will be richer and more capable network control and configuration applets for GNOME 3.0's GNOME Shell and Ubuntu's Indicator system, and full support for fast user switching and shared computers.
For developers, the 0.9 release merges the User and System settings services into NetworkManager itself, allowing simpler client applets and streamlined configuration management. As a result NetworkManager's D-Bus API is also much simpler, and further API convenience methods will be provided for common client operations like creating a new connection from a scanned access point, filtering existing connections for a specific device, etc.
For more detailed information on the architectural changes in the 0.9 release, see NetworkManager/ApiSimplify.

Besides the list at the last link NetworkManager D-Bus Reference Manual also states NetworkManager now supports Intel WiMAX mobile broadband devices.
And to answer your question: the Oneiric packages list shows version 0.9.0-0ubuntu1 for network manager.


"Failed to load the torrent...." when I try to open pdf files on another partition

For some reason qBittorent became the default program to open pdf files. Just reassign the file association with evince.

In order to do this:

RIght click file then select properties
Choose "open with" tab For
    default application
Select document viewer and click "set as default"


What are "collector" and "gather" found in /lib/bootchart/?

I believe that these two files are part of the bootchart and/or the pybootchartgui package. Looking at xenial contents for bootchart with this url:

- url: http://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/amd64/bootchart/filelist

shows the following files:

- /etc/init.d/bootchart
- /etc/init/bootchart.conf
- /lib/bootchart/collector
- /lib/bootchart/gather
- /usr/share/doc/bootchart/changelog.Debian.gz
- /usr/share/doc/bootchart/copyright
- /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/bootchart
- /usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/init-top/bootchart

I'm not sure why it is still running well after the boot has completed - I'll leave answering that to someone else. I believe they are 'harmless' to nerf, though it might be better to uninstall the bootchart / pybootchartgui package/s instead.

I found this question looking for an answer to same - to answer my own question I pulled up synaptic and searched for collector, gather, and bootchart (coming from the directory the files are found in).

bootchart is a nifty little utility to help grok the sequence and timing of boot events. I do not know of any reason to keep running the package if you aren't interested in boot event sequencing/timing.

-wc


Creating a complete and alphabetically sorted .txt file of bash history

How about:

cat ~/.bash_history | sort > Sorted_history.txt

to have an unlimited bash history, have a look at this QA:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9457233/unlimited-bash-history


"reverse ssh tunnelling" or "remote port forwarding" is your friend.

issue this on the phone

ssh -f -N -X -R 5555:localhost:22 desktop_user@desktop

then, on the desktop this

ssh -X -p 5555 phone_user@localhost


try installing the bcmwl file from  the boot usb


How to escape special characters in password?

You need escape the first @  With \ or use use its Hex ASCII value %40

Try:

Acquire::http::Proxy "http://username:pass\@word@proxy_server:proxy_port";

or

Acquire::http::Proxy "http://username:pass%40word@proxy_server:proxy_port";


In the first two columns of your dpkg -l generated list of kernels  you will find information on the package as follows:

Column (desired action):

u = Unknown
i = Install
h = Hold
r = Remove
p = Purge

Column (package status):

n = Not-installed
c = Config-files
H = Half-installed
U = Unpacked
F = Half-configured
W = Triggers-awaiting
t = Triggers-pending
i = Installed

For your first example

rc linux-image-3.13.0-51-generic 3.13.0-51.84

it will hence tell us that the packages was removed (r) but the configuration files are still there (c). Only those kernels marked ii are actually installed on your system. Autoremove will only remove obsolete kernels but will leave the configuration files.

To also remove these we'd have to purge an installed package (sudo apt-get purge <package>) but leaving them does no harm and they do not need much hard drive space.


For installing python 3.3 correctly just do this in the terminal.

sudo apt-get install python3.3-minimal

And for using it you can run:

python3.3


Convert .xls/.xlsx spreadsheets to multiple .csv's based on a list

You can just put a loop inside another loop.

To avoid errors, don't use for with find results.

while IFS= read -r file; do
    while IFS= read -r sheet; do
        in2csv --sheet "$sheet" "$file" > "${file%.*}-${sheet}.csv"
    done < <(in2csv -n "$file")
done < <(find . -name '*.xls' -o -name '*.xlsx')


Wifi Problem Ubuntu 18.04. LTS HP Stream 13-c00

In case if you have smart phone just try to connect using usb tethering and follow the steps below:

Open Terminal and update the apt repository using this command sudo apt update
Now Open Software & Update
Navigate to Additional Drivers where you can see something like in the below screenshot
If you able to have this then click on something like using Broadcom 802.11 and then click on apply changes. After successful installation you will see wifi on the right hand corner of your screen.
You are good to go with your wifi

Note: If you have any doubts or issues please update your question accordingly and add error messages screenshots if available.

Happy Ubuntu :)


Rotating a yoga pro 2 screen with xrandr on ubuntu 15.04

It has been answered here

Problem with xrandr rotation inverted

Hope it will work for you


How to change the level of animation in Ubuntu 12.10?

Extra Level does not exist anymore....
Instead, now you can customize animations more by using Compiz Config Settings Manager!

Execute this command to install it:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Or....
Watch this video.
NOTE:

What are some of the issues with CCSM and why would I want to avoid it?


How do I create a local CA for local HTTPS certificates?

I usually go with easy-rsa whenever I need a local CA of my own.

sudo apt-get install easy-rsa
make-cadir myca
cd myca
$editor vars
./pkitool --help

For system/cli tools such as curl, git, etc to trust your newly generated ca.crt copy it to /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/ and run sudo update-ca-certificates. See also /usr/share/doc/ca-certificates/README.Debian.

Firefox maintains its own ca-store, local to every user's Firefox profile. You can manually import your ca.crt under Firefox's advanced settings.


NVIDIA graphic card GeForce GTX 1070 with Max-Q Design NOT detected by Ubuntu 18.04.2

You are running Ubuntu in VirtualBox. Instead of installing Nvidia drivers, enable 3D acceleration in the machine display properties and install Guest Additions from the machine menu.

Virtual machines can't use Nvidia proprietary drivers.


error after installing Ubuntu in windows 8

If you mean you've used wubi to install Ubuntu inside a Windows filesystem, that won't work properly with Windows 8 because it doesn't shut down properly. If you want to dual-boot Windows 8 and Ubuntu, you must perform a real Ubuntu install.

Don't use wubi with Windows 8. Actually; you might want to avoid it in all versions of Windows because there are some inherent risks.


You have to disable horizontal scrolling.

Using dconf Editor:

open dconf Editor through the Dash;
go to org > gnome > settings-daemon > peripherals > touchpad;
check horiz-scroll-enabled, as you see in the screenshot.

If you do not have dconf editor, you can install it by typing:

sudo apt-get install dconf-editor


Jenkins can access/execute this file ? Please check permissions to this file else set permissions

chmod 755 /home/testtool/voice/code/SG_V1.0/Voice-data.pl


Is there a flavour of ubuntu for an orange pi 3?

You can try the Raspberry image on Orange Pi, as these microcomputers are compatible. But you can get issues with not working USB ports, WiFi. Better to download an image for your model of orange from http://www.orangepi.org/downloadresources/.


If you want to extract the non parenthesized values of the SEM attribute then you can do so using grep in PCRE mode:

$ grep -Po '(?<=\[SEM=)[^()]*?(?=\])' file
50
'times'
4

or perl itself

$ perl -lne 'print $1 if /(?<=\[SEM=)([^()]*?)(?=\])/' file
50
'times'
4

Both approaches use regular expression lookarounds.


so i am trying to convert the USB to a CD

That is not going to work: The installer will not fit on a CD; a DVD is required if you want it on a disk.

To create an ISO from an USB:

cd ~/Downloads
sudo dd if=/dev/sdb of=image.iso

where I assume sdb is your USB disk and this will create the file image.iso inside ~/Downloads. Please be careful with this and ensure it is the correct device.

It might be easier/quicker to re-download the installer and burn that installer to a DVD though.


Which is the most up to date and modern RSS feed reader?

Google Reader works very well.  Of course, it's not Ubuntu-specific and runs in the cloud, but if you'd like accessing from multiple locations or tighter browser integration (e.g. for bookmarks), that's not something you can as easily get from a local application.


If you don't know about partitions, stop the installations and search online about it.

http://www.control-escape.com/linux/lx-partition.html

Basically your operating system needs three main partition:

root(/): This is where your operations system files go.
It uses ext4 file system.
I suggest give this area at least 18GB.

swap: This is used as virtual memory. It allows your computer to run complex apps even if you don't have enough physical memory.
This partition doesn't have any file system, when you allocate space for it, you should select swap area in file system.
You can give this area between 50% and 100% the size of your memory.

home(/home): This is where your personal files go.
This partition also uses ext4 file system.
Give all the remaining space here.

This will format your hard drive and delete all the files.

Again.
If you don't know what you're doing and you have personal data on your Hard Drive, STOP the installation and search online until you're confident about what you're doing.


Why Does Teamviewer run in WINE at boot?

There is no native version of TeamViewer for Ubuntu (or even Linux in general). The installer is in a nice, Ubuntu'ish deb installer, but it brings its own installation of Wine with it, which shouldn't interfere with anything else on your system. It's nothing to worry about, and it works quite well.


Unable to enumerate USB device on port 2 when connecting Android phone

ProfessionalAmateur, I solved my problem. I am using vmware Fusion, but you can perhaps find an equivalent solution for VirtualBox. See my question and my answer to that question here: Can not connect Android SGSII via USB after ICS upgrade.


How can one disable Wi-Fi power management when using Jupiter?

After research and some luck (there weren't many information on the internet as to how one can fiddle with jupiter configurations), I was able to find my own answer.

If you look into /usr/bin/jupiter, which is written in python, it tells us that jupiter runs all power-management related shell scripts from 2 files in /usr/lib/jupiter/kernel/:

battery for scripts run when the laptop is on battery.
power for scripts run when the laptop is on AC power.

To stop jupiter from turning on power-management for your wireless interface card, do the following:

Find the line that says: iw dev $WIFI_ADAPTER set power_save on
Change it to: iw dev $WIFI_ADAPTER set power_save off


How to Install Xubuntu 13.04 inside windows 7

WUBI is not available in 13.04.

In order to try out Ubuntu 13.04 using Wubi installer, you will have to install 12.10 using the installer and then upgrade Ubuntu to 13.04. (not recommended personally).

I would suggest that you install along side, it would be the next best thing to WUBI.

Windows installer is not compatible with Windows 8 or UEFI firmware, and is not available for Ubuntu 13.04.Ubuntu

You can't install 13.04 using WUBI since Canonical dropped WUBI from 13.04

Users, on the other hand, will need to look at a virtualization app like VirtualBox if they want a low-impact way to try out Ubuntu.

  Canonical is planning to remove Wubi from Ubuntu 13.04.

  Steve Langasek of Canonical notes that due to increasing bug reports,
  Wubi is not in very good shape for having a release. The Wubi 13.04
  installer fails to detect other ISOs, the 13.04 installer isn't
  creating user accounts, and isn't even working with Microsoft Windows
  8. Rather than fixing it, Canonical wants to junk the work.

  Langasek says, "the Foundations team does not expect Wubi to be in a
  releasable state for 13.04...I am therefore proposing to drop Wubi
  from the 13.04 release, starting immediately with the upcoming Beta.
  This will save our testers from spending their time testing an image
  that will not have developers working on fixing the bugs they find,
  and spares our users from using an image for 13.04 that is not up to
  Ubuntu's standards of quality."Phoronix


Formatting cells --- F11

Increase height of current row  --- Alt + ↓

Decrease height of current row  --- Alt + ↑

Increase width of current row  --- Alt + →

Decrease width of current row  --- Alt + ←

These are few shortcuts I use.

For more check Shortcut Keys for Spreadsheets


Is there a Temparature monitor application for Ubuntu 11.10?

There is an app indicator that shows it on the top panel:

Application Indicator showing hardware sensors.

For 11.10:

First add the repository:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:alexmurray/indicator-sensors

Update:

sudo apt-get update

And then install the package:

sudo apt-get install indicator-sensors

Then run indicator-sensors

For 12.04:

This command should download from launchpad and install it for you:

cd /tmp ; a=$(uname -p) ; if [[ "$a" = "x86_64" ]] ; then wget https://launchpad.net/~alexmurray/+archive/indicator-sensors/+files/indicator-sensors_0.1-1_amd64.deb ; else https://launchpad.net/~alexmurray/+archive/indicator-sensors/+files/indicator-sensors_0.1-1_i386.deb ; fi ; chmod +x /tmp/indicator-sensors_0.1-1* ; sudo dpkg -i /tmp/indicator-sensors_0.1-1*


Computer requirements for 64-bit version of Ubuntu

Yes, you can install 64 bit Ubuntu on it. Just checked the Intel website for you if your processor supports the 64 bit instruction set and it does. :) 32 bit Ubuntu is even scheduled to get phased out in the near future by Canonical.

Best way to test if it truly works on your system is to just make a bootable USB device or CD and boot your system with it to see if everything works as intended.


dpkg cannot remove package > linux-restricted-modules

Find the /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-restricted-modules-2.6.28-11-server.postrm file and move it somewhere else, for example

sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-restricted-modules-2.6.28-11-server.postrm /var/tmp

Then run the apt-get upgrade again. If that works, do the same to the other package.

This is not the best way of doing this, but it should work. The postrm script is failing, because you no longer have the kernel 2.6.28-11-server installed.


The problem here is that the way users are authenticated for login on Ubuntu is with the /etc/passwd file. Since that file is missing... bad things are going to happen, such as sudo not working.

If you have root access somewhere, such as a session you still have open, or you can figure out how to get in as root, you can make a symlink (which is similar to a shortcut on Windows) to the new location so that the operating system can find the file. You do this with the ln command. The syntax would be:

ln -s [your new /etc location] /etc


How is the duplicity URL for Deja-Dup's UbuntuOne storage constructed?

According to the duplicity documentation:

  Duplicity expects the token in the environment variable FTP_PASSWORD (in the format "consumer_key:consumer_secret:token:token_secret").

The URL Format documentation suggests the url should take the form u1://host_is_ignored/volume_path


Are you working from the terminal or from the graphical interface? It may be easier to get a grasp on the current situation and what needs done if you operate from the terminal, even if it is foreign. You should be able to open a terminal window by simply right clicking on your desktop and selecting it from the menu. Once you are there, you can confirm your current directory (folder) by typing pwd and hitting enter. This should show the path to your home directory, something like /home/username/.
From there, type an ls command to list the contents of your home directory. If there is no Desktop folder (note the capital D, as case matters in Linux), you can create one with mkdir Desktop. After doing so, you will want to confirm that the machine is configured to use this folder as your desktop directory. To do this, you will need to open and possibly edit the user-dirs.dirs file.
Before editing config files, it is normally prudent to create a backup. To do so, again from your home directory, you can execute cp ./config/user-dirs.dirs ./config/user-dirs.dirs.old. This will create a copy of the file with .old at the end, and in the event that this file is messed up, you can put the old version in place with the inverse of that command.
Then, to edit the file, confirm you are still in your home directory with the pwd command. Then, type vi .config/user-dirs.dirs. This will open the text editor vim and within it the config file user-dirs.dirs. You want to confirm that this line exists:
XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Desktop"

If it does, then you are all set and can exit vim by typing :q and hitting enter. If it is set to something else, to edit in vim, you will need to first hit a (which will start the insert edit mode) and change the line to match above. After the change is in place, press Esc to exit edit mode and type :x  then press Enter to save the change. You will need to log out and back in for the change to take affect.


Should I disable write cache in an mdadm array?

Enabling

Pros: it's faster.

Cons: with RAID5 you can have horrible corruption failures with write cache, when kernel thinks everything is written to disk, and it is safe to continue. Basically, you can get your whole array destroyed unrecoverably (or actually, it is possible to recover, but it is huge mess). We had that case earlier when battery backup for write caches failed (raid card memory backup), and it wasn't nice.

Disabling

Cons: small performance hit for writing.

Pros: your data is safer.

Considerations

Your usage looks like mainly reading (you aren't adding new CD's/DVD's all the time, are you, same goes for family photos etc.). Is it important to have little bit more performance for writing?

How long it will take to rip all data again, and restore all backups in case of failure? If that is trivial amount of time (or someone else will do it :)) go for it, but if you really do not want to do that, I would skip adding small performance improvement.

Also, you can enable write cache temporarily, and run some benchmarks, for example bonnie++ or just copy'n'paste some files to disk to see if there is any advantage. If you can't notice it, is it worth of risks?


command output redirection using '-< <( ... )'

The

<(openssl dgst -sha256 filename)

construct is a process substitution. It creates a file (or FIFO) behind the scenes and passes its name back to the command sequence.

<

is a regular file redirection, redirecting the contents of the behind-the-scenes file to stdin and

-

is a placeholder recognized by sed to indicate that its input is coming from stdin.

Since sed is perfectly capable of reading from files, the -< seems unnecessary in this context;

sed 's/^.*= //' <(openssl dgst -sha256 filename)

should work just as well.


Ubuntu 18.04 change Login Screen theme (not wallpaper)

Disclaimer: playing with gdm3 files is very dangerous, small mistakes will stop access to gnome desktop session. Only tty will work. i have several times reinstalled Ubuntu in such cases. although i have successfully applied User Shell Theme to Login Screen & Lock Screen. Do this on your own risk.

I am going to apply User Shell Theme Adapta-Nokto to Login Screen and Lock Screen

for Ubuntu 18.04 only

files or folders to know:
1./etc/alternatives/gdm3.css
2./usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css
3./usr/share/themes/Adapta-Nokto

take backups (mandatory):
1. /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css file. (say ubuntu.css backup)
2. /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme folder. (say theme backup)

https://we.tl/t-iDLEPaXoI0 5MB .gif file showing default lock screen theme.

Concept:
nothing below i wrote is official, based on several trail and errors i found this. proceed with your own risk.

*after several trails i found that /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css is playing a very big role. this file is controlling the log in screen beauty and not lock screen.

*/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css is controlling the lock screen beauty.

by default, the content in /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css file and /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css file are same because /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css file is a linked file to /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css

we need to break this link. and create a link to our User Shell Theme.

to break the link and tell log in screen to use User Shell theme,
 run the below command:

sudo rm /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css && sudo ln -s /usr/share/themes/Adapta-Nokto/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css

Example:

pratap@i7-4770:~$ sudo rm /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css && sudo ln -s /usr/share/themes/Adapta-Nokto/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css
[sudo] password for pratap:
pratap@i7-4770:~$

we need to copy the assets folder and some more image files from /usr/share/themes/Adapta-Nokto/gnome-shell/ folder to /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/

now log in screen will use this theme. to test it, shutdown the system. fresh start.

https://we.tl/t-uVLyw8mVga 5MB .mp4 file showing log in screen changed.

https://we.tl/t-jFZINc18q7 5MB .gif file showing lock screen unchanged.

note that, lock screen will not use this theme. as of now we changed only log in screen theme.

to change the lock screen theme, copy paste all the content from /usr/share/themes/Adapta-Nokto/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css to /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css file replacing the data in ubuntu.css file.

reboot to see the change.

https://we.tl/t-8oi9JRTRpM 5MB .gif file showing lock screen changed.

want to go back to default?

copy paste all the content from backed up (say ubuntu.css backup) file into /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css file replacing the data in ubuntu.css file.

run the below command:

sudo rm /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css && sudo ln -s /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css

copy the images from backed up folder (say theme backup) and make the folder look like this

Reboot to see default look.


How to manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a'?

Open a terminal window and enter

sudo dpkg --configure -a

Note the results, and post here if problems recur and you can't afterwards run

sudo apt-get remove flashplugin-installer


Looping on login screen after installing new amd driver

Make sure you have selected your Video output correctly and enabled 3d Hardware acceleration. Without that, I think it won't work properly. Also, try increasing your video memory for the OS in Virtualbox.


can't mount shared folder in Ubuntu guest : vboxsf failed with the error : no such device

I had this exact same problem.  Which version of VirtualBox, specifically?  I had 5.0.14 along with Ubuntu 15.10.  Whenever I tried to install the guest additions things, there was a cryptic message saying,

  The headers for the current running kernel were not found. If the following
  module compilation fails then this could be the reason.

However, nothing failed to build, at least, no error messages appeared on screen to that effect.  Additionally, the display driver did seem to work, and I was able to set higher resolution for the display, although it did not have the resolution of my native monitor.

Looking at the changelogs for VirtualBox, there was a mention in v.16 or .18 about fixing something related to SharedFolders or something not building correctly from the additions.

The "simple" solution I tried (note this 3 months later), was to upgrade both VirtualBox (5.0.20) and Ubuntu (16.10).

Then deleted all the virtual machines, recreated, reinstalled Ubuntu.

Then installed the guest additions stuff, either from ISO in the C:\Program Files\VirtualBox folder (or wherever) or the .extpack.

Then all I did then was to define a shared folder in VirtualBox, and choose to mount it automatically.  And it was mounted under /media/sf_* where * is whatever name you gave the share in VirtualBox.

The final task was to add my user to the vboxsf group, and logout and/or restart.

sudo usermod -a -G vboxsf <username>

A reboot and I was able to change display dimensions and read/write access to shared folder.


Managing iPod in Ubuntu 12.04, using rhythmbox

You need to mount the filesystem of the iPod to enter R/W mode

mount /dev/sdc2 /media/ipod

If asked to initialize it, please do.

Configure it to make sure the type of iPod is recognized, or if not correctly recognized, select it. then Connect.

Load files and folders into a Playlist, transfer the files, and when transfer completes and the screen confirms it's ready to disconnect, select Disconnect, Eject the iPod and unmount it.


Enabling search by super-key in Ubuntu Mate

I believe Synapse launcher is included in Ubuntu MATE and might already be running in the background. You should be able to run it by pressing Ctrl+Spacebar. If that doesn't work, you can launch it manually in the Accessories menu and then bring it up at anytime with Ctrl+Spacebar.


build command by concatenating string in bash

It all depends on when things get evaluated. When you type $cmd, the whole rest of the line is passed as arguments to the first word in $cmd.

walt@spong:~(0)$ a="cat /etc/passwd"
walt@spong:~(0)$ b="| wc -l"
walt@spong:~(0)$ c="$a $b"
walt@spong:~(0)$ echo $c
cat /etc/passwd | wc -l
walt@spong:~(0)$ $c
cat: invalid option -- 'l'
Try 'cat --help' for more information.
walt@spong:~(1)$ eval $c
62
walt@spong:~(0)$ a="echo /etc/passwd"
walt@spong:~(0)$ c="$a $b"
walt@spong:~(0)$ echo $c
echo /etc/passwd | wc -l
walt@spong:~(0)$ $c
/etc/passwd | wc -l
walt@spong:~(0)$ $c |od -bc
0000000 057 145 164 143 057 160 141 163 163 167 144 040 174 040 167 143
          /   e   t   c   /   p   a   s   s   w   d       |       w   c
0000020 040 055 154 012
              -   l  \n
0000024
walt@spong:~(0)$ eval $c
1

This shows that the arguments passed to the echo command are: "/etc/passwd", "|" (the vertical bar character), "wc" and "-l".

From man bash:

eval [arg ...]
    The  args  are read and concatenated together into
    a single command.  This command is then read and
    executed by the shell, and its exit status is returned
    as the value of eval.  If there are no args, or only null
    arguments, eval returns 0.


How to install Ubuntu in a chroot environment on an Archlinux system?

I should've thought a bit more before asking ... debootstrap is available from the AUR (Archlinux contributed packages), so it's an easy

yaourt debootstrap
debootstrap --arch amd64 precise /path/to/chroot/environment


Kernel module compilation fails when installing vmware tools

I download this version:

VMwareTools-8.8.0-471268.tar.gz

The problem was solved


Kernel downgrade, UUID not found initramfs

re: "I'm able to reproduce this on each VM I build from the install ISO."

Is this a standard Ubuntu .iso, or "something custom" .iso (which I suspect)?

In reviewing your log, I see...

/usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/local-premount/ORDER ignored: not executable
/usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/init-premount/ORDER ignored: not executable
/usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/panic/ORDER ignored: not executable
/usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/local-block/ORDER ignored: not executable
/usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/local-top/ORDER ignored: not executable
/usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/init-bottom/ORDER ignored: not executable
/usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/init-top/ORDER ignored: not executable
/usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/local-bottom/ORDER ignored: not executable

You might wish to review these.

Also, in your /etc/fstab, I see...

UUID=2e897a65-bbcc-426d-a72e-8aca96121c80 / ext4 defaults 0 0

and it should be...

UUID=2e897a65-bbcc-426d-a72e-8aca96121c80 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1

And in /etc/default/grub, I see...

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="noresume rootdelay=60"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="netcfg/do_not_use_netplan=true"

why the need for these parameters?


Try this:

Open a terminal,Press Ctrl+Alt+T

Run it:

exec sudo -i
apt-get update
apt-get dist-upgrade
apt-get install acetoneiso

Acetoneiso:feature-rich  graphical  application to mount and manage CD/DVD images
Opens a graphical filemanager which lets you mount typical  proprietary images  formats of the Windows world such as ISO BIN NRG MDF IMG and do     plenty of other things.
If FILE is specified, then the program mounts the image before  opening the GUI.
A  detailed  manual  for  acetoneiso  can be found from the menu of the    graphical filemanger in Help -> Manual.


If you run svn status, you will get a list of missing assets. They are signaled with the ! characters; e.g.:

$ svn status
?       default.cfg
!       models

In this example the models folder was deleted and is thus marked with a !.

To fix this you need to delete these missing folders with svn rm; in the example this would be:

$ svn rm models
D         models
D         models/model1.png
D         models/model2.png

Then commit and the export should work afterwards.


You can achieve resizing, re-encoding to mpeg2 and RTSP streaming with gstreamer, but I didn't manage to change the frame rate. If this is sufficient, here's how:

Install gst RTSP server development package: sudo apt-get install libgstrtspserver-0.10-dev
Get a copy of this example launcher
Compile it with gcc -o test-launch $(pkg-config --cflags --libs    gstreamer-0.10 gst-rtsp-server-0.10) test-launch.c
Start streaming: ./test-launch "( filesrc location=/tmp/rtp.mp4 ! decodebin ! videoscale ! video/x-raw-yuv,width=400,height=320 ! ffenc_mpeg2video ! mpegtsmux ! rtpmp2tpay name=pay0 pt=96 )"
Watch video: gst-launch-0.10 rtspsrc    location=rtsp://127.0.0.1:8554/test ! decodebin ! xvimagesink

A few caveats:

to change the port, you have to add a call to gst_rtsp_server_set_port(server, 9091); in test-launch.c, between lines 44 and 45
totem reads the stream, but does not display anything, not even error messages
mplayer does not support the stream type


VNC Suddenly stops receiving Connections

OK, so I seem to have resolved this.  The Subversion error was indicating a lack of disk space, which made no sense because I couldn't figure out where all the space was going.

Turns out there was a hidden file that was 110GB. The file was .xsession-errors and was FILLED with lines like such:

11/01/2012 07:38:23 AM Authentication deferred - ignoring client message

It had been outputting about 13000+ per SECOND.  I cleared the file and rebooted and subversion came back to life as did VNC.

While I haven't solved WHY this happened, I am at least temporarily, able to work.


Ubuntu 18.04 login loop and can't change tty's language (overlapping problem)

[Solved] By following the instructions in this link: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCdRecovery

After mounting my root partition, I used "sudo apt-get purge flatpak" to  Uninstall flatpack, and it works with me.


Cron script to detect degraded raid array?

Ubuntu does in fact have this cron job already (check /etc/cron.daily/mdadm). Ubuntu also installs anacron by default, so the job will be run once a day even if you shut down your computer at night.

When a cron job produces output, it is sent to the local mailbox of the user running the crontab (here, the system administrator account, root).

Unfortunately, Ubuntu does not set anything up for users to receive and read local mail. So you need to do several things:

Make sure your machine runs a mail transfer agent such as postfix.
Have root's mail forwarded to your account. All the system cron jobs run as root. With postfix, edit the file /etc/aliases and add a line like

root: bryce

to forward root's mail to your local mail account.
If you want your local email to be forwarded to an online account, create a file called .forward in your home directory containing your address, e.g. with the command

echo bryce@mail-provider.example.com >~/.forward

If you want to read your local mail, set up your mail reader program for that.

See How are administrators supposed to read root's mail? for more detailed and up-to-date instructions on reading local administrator mail.


Open Terminal
Type: sudo vi /etc/default/grub Find the line
starting with GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT, and add
video=hyperv_fb:[the resolution you want].  The resolution I want is
1280x720.  So my line ends up looking like this:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash video=hyperv_fb:1280x720"
Write the changes and quit vi.
Run: sudo update-grub
Reboot the virtual machine

I found this on msdn Blog, it worked for me.


I cannot reboot from ubuntu, when I install ex2fsd in win10 for viewing ubuntu file from win10

Remove ex2fsd asap. It, and similar Windows drivers, corrupt the Ubuntu ext2/3/4 file system.

fsck the Ubuntu file system after removing this driver.

Search here on AskUbuntu for "superblock" to learn how to use backup superblocks to repair your current file system.

Examples...

How to find superblock?

Journal superblock is corrupt

Superblock invalid, disk in use

BIOS boot partition : how to fix "Superblock invalid"?


The particular file that you are looking for is found in the package libicu55 in the Xenial archives.  It does not appear in the Trusty or Zesty archives, however.

If you are running Xenial, you will be able to install this with sudo apt install libicu55


Cannot install Ubuntu on HP omen 15 laptop

Try on GRUB screen press "e" to edit ubuntu boot config. And add "nomodeset" before "quiet splash". Works for me


Make a systemd service that changes /dev/null modification time

First, /dev/null is a special file, not a directory. It's primary purpose is to handle redirection of stdout and stderr. When logs are redirected to the folder, they no longer exist.

Some reference material, Here

With regards to the files in your home directory, it may better to switch from the direct command: /usr/bin/touch -c -t 197501010000 /dev/null

To

/usr/local/bin/mynewscript.sh

Though use your own new file name. So with your favorite editor create the new file, add contents such as: (Change the names accordingly)

#!/bin/bash

/usr/bin/touch -m -t 197501010000 /home/username/.bzr.log
/usr/bin/touch -m -t 197501010000 /home/username/.xsessions-errors.old
/usr/bin/touch -m -t 197501010000 /home/username/.php_history
/usr/bin/touch -m -t 197501010000 /home/username/.recently-used

Set execute, on your file:

chmod 455 /usr/local/mynewscript.sh

Next change your service file: /etc/systemd/system/devnull1975.service

[Unit]
Description=Changes modified times on log file locate /home/username/
After=graphical-session.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/bin/sh /usr/local/bin/mynewscript.sh
Type=oneshot

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=file-touch.service

Use the following to verify no errors are found with the .service file

systemd-analyze verify /etc/systemd/system/devnull1975.service

Refer to this link for more information on systemd.


Select Ubuntu One control panel --> Add a folder from this computer and right click on the file browser window and select Show Hidden Files.


Ubuntu 17.04, freezes intermittently with nvidia 340.102

Switch to noveau and then login not using software rendering
also disable hardware acceleration in google chrome.