How to get a Grid workspace in Unity 7.5.0?

Installing & using a unity session in 17.10

This is generally quite simple, just go

sudo apt install unity

When done you must reboot, when back at the login screen click on little cog wheel to dropdown session choices & choose unity.

If auto logging in then after the reboot just log out, at the login screen expose the dropdown & choose unity.

Once chosen unity will then become your default login.

To get the best unity session experience one should use lightdm instead of gdm3, to do that simply

sudo apt install lightdm

At the conf prompt choose lightdm, reboot.

If not intending to use gnome-shell after switching to lightdm  feel free to remove gdm3 & gnome-shell, i.e. sudo apt purge gdm3 gnome-shell

There are some minor issues, most will be fixed or worked around for 18.04 but not for 17.10. As one example alt+print will not work to screenshot a window. The current workaround is this, (I've 'fixed' it in 18.04 via compiz & gnome-settings-daemon but hoping for more direct fix) -

press and hold Print Screen
press and hold Alt
release Print Screen (and then Alt)

Also if not getting onscreen notifications make sure notify-osd is installed,

sudo apt install notify-osd


Ok, found an answer by myself searching for "11" pattern inside vlc settings files.
For others with same problem, the folder ~/.config/vlc contains all vlc settings file (actually, I have two files on my system named vlcrc and vlc-qt-interface.conf).
Open vlcrc file with a text editor, search for sub-delay line and set it to 0 (i.e. sub-delay=0)


How to copy all .sol files in a system to a specific folder

There's a bash script to copy files with specific extension in this link.

There's also an answer on StackOverflow, I haven't tested it yet, but here it is:

find / -type f -name '*.sol' -exec cp '{}' ~/SOL \;

EDIT: As phoibos suggested, I changed the answer adding '' in the code.


How do I change directory to get into a hidden folder/directory?

Change the permissions with

sudo chmod o+rx .docker

to get access to read and execute (i.e. enter) the directory, this way you can cd into it and display files (provided you have the permissions to do that as well):

$ ls -la .docker
total 12
drwx------ 2 root       root       4096 Mai 26 01:15 .
drwxrwxr-x 3 dessert    dessert    4096 Mai 26 01:15 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root       root         10 Mai 26 01:15 file
$ sudo chmod o+rx .docker/
$ cd .docker/
$ cat file
something


How to disable automatic backslash insert when using environment variable names on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS terminal(s)

Add the following line to your ~/.bashrc:

shopt -s direxpand

then source ~/.bashrc to apply the changes


Does upgrade from 14.04 to 16.04 retain previous downloaded app software?

Upgrade will not delete your installed software and and files. but it is better to backup your personal data before upgrading. Upgrade will install any newer versions of your installed software.


Create an Ubuntu Install CD with NO network access required

I don't think that 14.04 LTS install can be bundled in a CD. It's ISO is around 1 GB and most of the CDs cannot go beyond 650-700 MB.

I had an old desktop(2008) which cannot boot from USB or DVD so i burned an Lubuntu into a CD drive that can fit into a CD. Once i installed that then installed Unity/Gnome via apt-get. Later upgraded to Ubuntu Linux into that old desktop via network(as it was having wifi card that i added later).

In your case you can also burn the Ubuntu 12.04 ISO to a CD.

Other alternative is to use net installer - you can somehow get a wifi card for this machine if needed.

I know this is not the exact solution to your situation/problem but some work around based on my past experience.


Gnome Keyring keeps asking for a password that doesn't exist

It only comes up on auto login actually.
To get rid of it :

Open seahorse (aka "Passwords and Encryption Keys" in the preferences menu),
Right click on "Passwords: login" (the first entry in the list),
Change password : "Old Password" is your user password, then do not type anything in "Password" and "Confirm",
then "Ok" and there will be a warning : "Use Unsafe Storage"


Which is correct for VirtualBox memory usage: Windows Task Manager or System Monitor?

VirtualBox.exe shows only ~100MB because it's either swapping to disk in windows (nasty and bad) or because it's forked the service off to some other process that you can't find.

The correct tool to see Ubuntu's memory usage is the System Monitor. In your case, it says it is using 329 out of 497 MiB of RAM (this means roughly 345 out of 521 MB). This should be all ram to be honest, considering PAE and how visualisation works.


Try High Contrast plugin from Google Accessibility team: https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/high-contrast/djcfdncoelnlbldjfhinnjlhdjlikmph?hl=en


JAVA_HOME variable is Set but not working 20.04 - PLEASE HELP.!

The problem is OpenJDK, You need to download Oracal JDK 8 from https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase/javase8-archive-downloads.html
and change the primary to Oracle JDK as here https://www.fosstechnix.com/install-oracle-java-8-on-ubuntu-20-04/ . Please let me know if you succeeded with the installations.


How to install Tor hardened using terminal

There is a "Linux Instructions" section in the download page.

Take the hardened version for example, just decompress the file: tar -xvJf tor-browser-linux64-6.5a6-hardened_ALL.tar.xz

And change the working directory: cd tor-browser/

Start the browser: ./start-tor-browser.desktop

One note on the instruction page is that not to unpack or run TBB as root.


Will the (non-Mac) Xubuntu installation DVDs boot on Intel Macs?

The amd64+mac images are BIOS only. The regular amd64 images are BIOS+EFI. The BIOS+EFI images are designed to run on both BIOS and EFI systems. Unfortunately some systems can not handle the combined "hybrid" boot image. Some Macs fall into this category (so do some PCs). The name "amd64+mac" is inaccurate, but was used because the problem was first discovered on Macs; it should more correctly be called "amd64-bios-only".

So in answer to your question, yes the regular Xubuntu image will boot on (most) Intel Macs. There are some PC and Mac systems which have BIOS/EFI bugs and can not boot the regular Ubuntu (or Xubuntu, or Debian) amd64 image. Thomas Schmitt, the author of the Xorriso tool that is used to build the install images, has written a small C program which will convert a hybrid BIOS+EFI ("amd64") image into a non-hybrid ("amd64-bios-only") image, so that it will boot on  systems that have the bug. If you have such a system, then this is a possible solution.


I've switched from MediaTomb (which has been crashing all over the place) to MiniDLNA.
It's lighter, no interface at all and hasn't crashed on me yet. Scans fast too.


I installed wine so I can answer this question better.  Once wine finished installing (from Software Center)

I copied an EXE file over (utorrent.exe)

The I right clicked the file, and choose Open With --> Wine Windows Program Loader, and it opened.  See image below.


Cannot start Eclipse from Unity Launcher

Did you also install the jdk, it is needed for eclipse.

Enter the full path to the start-script in the Desktop-file

Exec=/path/to/ecplipse/eclipse42

if the path is noch included in your $PATH-Variable, what normally should note be if you did not by yourself.


Is there a way to install Chrome/Chromium in a sandboxed environment from Firefox?

In my case I had an extra, very old, Ubuntu laptop that I was already using to play some DRM content using Chrome. I decided to set this up as a permanent android test device that I could access even remotely.

In another situation, one might create a docker image with Chrome involved. This blog post goes over the details, but here's a brief outline.

Install dependencies from the docker community edition: sudo apt-get install docker-ce -y; mkdir chrome-local; cd chrome-local;
Inside a file named: "Dockerfile", put:

FROM ubuntu:trusty

RUN apt-get update; apt-get clean

# Add a user for running applications.
RUN useradd apps
RUN mkdir -p /home/apps && chown apps:apps /home/apps

# Install x11vnc.
RUN apt-get install -y x11vnc

# Install xvfb.
RUN apt-get install -y xvfb

# Install fluxbox.
RUN apt-get install -y fluxbox

# Install wget.
RUN apt-get install -y wget

# Install wmctrl.
RUN apt-get install -y wmctrl

# Set the Chrome repo.
RUN wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add - \
    && echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google.list

# Install Chrome.
RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y install google-chrome-stable

COPY bootstrap.sh /

CMD '/bootstrap.sh'

Inside a file named bootstrap.sh, put:

#!/bin/bash

# Based on: http://www.richud.com/wiki/Ubuntu_Fluxbox_GUI_with_x11vnc_and_Xvfb

readonly G_LOG_I='[INFO]'
readonly G_LOG_W='[WARN]'
readonly G_LOG_E='[ERROR]'

main() {
    launch_xvfb
    launch_window_manager
    run_vnc_server
}

launch_xvfb() {
    # Set defaults if the user did not specify envs.
    export DISPLAY=${XVFB_DISPLAY:-:1}
    local screen=${XVFB_SCREEN:-0}
    local resolution=${XVFB_RESOLUTION:-1280x1024x24}
    local timeout=${XVFB_TIMEOUT:-5}

    # Start and wait for either Xvfb to be fully up or we hit the timeout.
    Xvfb ${DISPLAY} -screen ${screen} ${resolution} &
    local loopCount=0
    until xdpyinfo -display ${DISPLAY} > /dev/null 2>&1
    do
        loopCount=$((loopCount+1))
        sleep 1
        if [ ${loopCount} -gt ${timeout} ]
        then
            echo "${G_LOG_E} xvfb failed to start."
            exit 1
        fi
    done
}

launch_window_manager() {
    local timeout=${XVFB_TIMEOUT:-5}

    # Start and wait for either fluxbox to be fully up or we hit the timeout.
    fluxbox &
    local loopCount=0
    until wmctrl -m > /dev/null 2>&1
    do
        loopCount=$((loopCount+1))
        sleep 1
        if [ ${loopCount} -gt ${timeout} ]
        then
            echo "${G_LOG_E} fluxbox failed to start."
            exit 1
        fi
    done
}

run_vnc_server() {
    local passwordArgument='-nopw'

    if [ -n "${VNC_SERVER_PASSWORD}" ]
    then
        local passwordFilePath="${HOME}/x11vnc.pass"
        if ! x11vnc -storepasswd "${VNC_SERVER_PASSWORD}" "${passwordFilePath}"
        then
            echo "${G_LOG_E} Failed to store x11vnc password."
            exit 1
        fi
        passwordArgument=-"-rfbauth ${passwordFilePath}"
        echo "${G_LOG_I} The VNC server will ask for a password."
    else
        echo "${G_LOG_W} The VNC server will NOT ask for a password."
    fi

    x11vnc -display ${DISPLAY} -forever ${passwordArgument} &
    wait $!
}

control_c() {
    echo ""
    exit
}

trap control_c SIGINT SIGTERM SIGHUP

main

exit

Build the docker image: chmod +x boostrap.sh; docker build -t local/chrome:0.0.1 . - Note the trailing .! This builds the image in the Dockerfile above and gives it a name called local/chrome:0.0.1.
Run the docker image with: docker run -p 5900:5900 -e VNC_SERVER_PASSWORD=password --user apps --privileged local/chrome:0.0.1
Use a VNC client to connect to port 5900 which holds your docker image


How do I fix “Ubuntu is running in low-graphics mode?” for NVIDIA GeForce GT555M

Thank @Web-E, that really solve it.
I follow this page and I ran the following commands to solve this problem.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia

Usage:

optirun [options] <application> [application-parameters]


What is the password format supported by rar?

RAR maximum file encryption password length is 127 characters. Longer
  passwords are truncated to this length.

Source : https://www.win-rar.com/enc_faq.html

  v5.0 - supported by WinRAR 5.0 and later. Changes in this version:
  Optional AES encryption increased from 128-bit to 256-bit.

Source : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAR_(file_format)

It can contain special characters.


Intel Celeron N4020 will work in Ubuntu 20.14?

Yes. This is a modern processor and it will work with Ubuntu 20.10 for basic tasks just fine. These things generally ship with 4GB of RAM and sluggish storage so, if your main use case involves browsers with a handful of tabs and a couple of applications, you'll be fine so long as you understand that switching tasks will take a second or two to catch up with you.


is it POSSIBLE to downgrade 17.04 to Gtk-2?

If this is an app that uses swing you might well find that setting the environment variable SWT_GTK3=0 will resolve your issues. If that works at the command line and you have an ini file along the lines of eclipse.ini then include the two lines below

--launcher.GTK_version

2


can't run sudo commands in 20.04 it askes for a command yet no keyboard works to enter my password

When typing your password in terminal (this doesn't just apply to sudo, every cli app I've personally used which prompts for a password also has the same behaviour) no characters will be written on screen. Don't be worried, you are typing them though, simply type your password and press enter once you're finished. If you got it wrong it'll tell you.


I would suggest that a straight, uncomplicated answer is that if you can see your companies internal servers and resources, you are connected to their VPN.


Postfix / Dovecot / MySQL- doesn't work!

I will need some more information on what exactly you are trying to do. Do you connect for sending email via smtp? or for receiving? Eg. pop3 or imap?

#For your main.cf: proxy:mysql:
virtual_alias_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/virtual/mysql-aliases.cf
# Eg changes to
virtual_alias_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/virtual/mysql-aliases.cf

# I use, no idea if it is any different
virtual_transport = dovecot

This is not guaranteed to be the solution but you could try to:

# master.cf:

# You need to enable smtpd. Line 13 in your master.cf paste.
#smtpd     pass  -       -       -       -       -       smtpd

I am not sure if it has any different effect, however worth a try if the above is not fixing your issue:
(Removed some configuration options, the milter line I supply below, is also possible to leave out.)

#enabling submission on port 587, force ssl.

submission inet n       -       -       -       -       smtpd
  -o syslog_name=postfix/submission
  -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
  -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
  -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING

# Unless you have created the mail dirs you might need to
# in your dovecot config.
lda_mailbox_autocreate = yes
lda_mailbox_autosubscribe = yes
#you could also use higher restrictions
service auth {
  unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth {
    mode = 0666
  }
  unix_listener auth-userdb {
    group = vmail
    mode = 0660
  }
}
service imap-login {
  inet_listener imaps {
    ssl = yes
  }
}
service pop3-login {
  inet_listener pop3s {
    ssl = yes
  }
}


Redshift configuration - how to set fixed transition hours?

Redshift does provide custom fixed transition times in the redshift config file in ~/.config/redshift.conf To set these times, add the fields dawn-time and dusk-time and add a time to set the time periods. My configuration file looks like this for example:

[redshift]
dawn-time=04:00-05:30
dusk-time=21:00

According to this pull request:

  These option can specify an interval like 04:00-05:30 or an instant 18:00 which is equivalent to 18:00-18:00. The transition between day and night color temperature takes place in the specified interval. Currently times must be specified in 24-hour format and the beginning of dawn must be after midnight and the end of dusk must be before midnight.
  When time-based adjustment is specified, no location provider is needed and it will therefore not be initialized and used.


Can I install 64-bit Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS on a Pentium(R) B960 PC?

Yes, you can install a 64-bit version of an operating system, for as per CNET your Pentium is a 64-bit processor. However, it is not a very fast processor, and when combined with the small amount of RAM you have, it will be a relatively slow machine. Choosing Lubuntu, Xubuntu, Ubuntu-MATE, or another lightweight distro will probably result in a more pleasing user experience. The first three are preferred because this is a *buntu-centric support site, and we can't help with non-*buntu issues.

You may also wish to consider use of a 32-bit distro, instead of a 64-bit, as 64-bit apps use about 50% more RAM than their 32-bit counterparts.

Using a distro which has the Linux kernel 4.15 or higher protects you against Spectre/Meltdown hacks. The lesser-used distros may not be using kernel 4.15; Ubuntu 18.04 family distros do.


EDIT: I found a way!

install dependencies

sudo apt-get -y install gcc g++ build-essential automake linux-headers-$(uname -r) git gawk libcurl4-openssl-dev libjansson-dev xorg libc++-dev libgmp-dev python-dev

Install the nvidia display driver

Get the appropriate driver download here. Let's say the latest version is 352.41.

sudo chmod +x NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-352.41.run
sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-352.41.run --accept-license --no-questions --disable-nouveau --no-install-compat32-libs
rm NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-352.41.run
sudo echo 'GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="nomodeset"' >> /etc/default/grub
sudo update-grub
sudo nvidia-xconfig -a --cool-bits=28 --allow-empty-initial-configuration  # flags enable OC and fan controls.

install cuda

cd && wget http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1404/x86_64/cuda-repo-ubuntu1404_6.5-14_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i cuda-repo-ubuntu1404_6.5-14_amd64.deb
rm cuda-repo-ubuntu1404_6.5-14_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install cuda-toolkit-6-5 # skip reading the entire agreement by pressing ctrl+c
sudo usermod -a -G video $USER
echo "" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-6.5/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-6.5/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH" >> ~/.bashrc

Reboot and test everything works

sudo reboot

Make the deviceQuery sample. This is used to verify cuda works
    cd /usr/local/cuda/samples/1_Utilities/deviceQuery && sudo make

If you see all of your cards listed, and the last line says "Result = PASS" you're good to go.
    /usr/local/cuda/samples/1_Utilities/deviceQuery/deviceQuery

Source

Original answer:

I just spent a few hours trying to figure this out myself. I finally got it installed, but now I constantly get variations of this error:

In file included from /usr/local/cuda-6.5/include/cuda_runtime.h:59:0,
                 from <command-line>:0:
/usr/local/cuda-6.5/include/host_config.h:82:2: error: #error -- unsupported GNU version! gcc 4.9 and up are not supported!

I've Google'd around and there are hacks to kinda make it work a little, but eventually you run into a brick wall. I'm giving up and getting a video card that supports the latest CUDA. Simply put, Nvidia just doesn't support Ubuntu 16.04+ with CUDA 6.5 >:C

If you won't heed my warning and are determined to install CUDA 6.5 on Ubuntu 16.04, here are some of the references I used:

[1] https://askubuntu.com/a/149224/422690
[2] https://askubuntu.com/a/278840/422690
[3] https://stackoverflow.com/a/25216137/4212158
[4] https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/torch7/WaNmWZqMnzw


Tried formatting USB to NTFS and now I can no longer mount it or format it

this error happens a.o. when a file transfer was not completed when disk got removed or computer shutdown.

You could try to run

sudo apt-get install ntfsprogs
sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdc1

It should automatically correct the wrong volume metadata


Why is my Crucial M550 or MX100 drive so slow in Ubuntu?

It took me quite a while to get this sorted, because it's two factors coming into play here.

Dell sends a full powersaving command during boot (BIOS POST) to the drive if you boot it on battery power. No matter if you later plug back in the AC, power savings will still be turned on. We can work around this with a custom boot command.
Crucial messed up TRIM with NCQ, resulting in data loss. In Linux, NCQ is disabled hardcoded (blacklisted) for these drives. A firmware upgrade and a kernel update is required to fix it.

Work around the power saving

With hdparm you can check whether your drive is indeed affected.

# sudo hdparm -B /dev/sda

/dev/sda:
 APM_level      = X

With X = 128, the power savings is active (low performance), with 254 it's turned off (high performance). You can verify with fully shutting down your laptop and turning it on with AC plugged in (before powering on) that it is 254. And when booting without AC plugged in, this is 128.

To manually disable power savings again when Ubuntu starts, put this in /etc/rc.local (above the exit 0 line!):

/sbin/hdparm -B254 /dev/sda

Enable NCQ: firmware update & kernel update

Crucial really messed it up in the release of the M550/MX100 drives with NCQ and TRIM. If a TRIM command enters the queue with NCQ turned on, data corruption can happen. Windows does not perform TRIM commands together with other I/O operations in the queue, but these are handled separately. Therefore Windows users aren't affected by this terrible data loss effect, but Ubuntu users were.

Linux kernel developers therefore put all recent Crucial SSDs on the NCQ blacklist. Without NCQ, performance will be much slower.

The good news is that a recent firmware update (MU02) by Crucial fixes the issue. The kernel however, only got aware of this change very recently with the blacklist narrowed down to the MU01 firmware (here). This is fixed in Linux 4.0 and has arrived as a backport in Ubuntu 15.04 as a kernel update through the vivid-updates channel.


How to start 2 bash files (node.js and mongodb) when the pc starts but keep their terminal open?

Instead of calling the bash files directly in startup applications, you can have it call gnome-terminal --command='<path_to_.sh>' for each service.  That should do what you're looking for.


chown from both ends of very long file list

Meet parallel (sudo apt install parallel):

  GNU parallel is a shell tool for executing jobs in parallel using one
  or more computers. A job can be a single
         command or a small script that has to be run for each of the lines in the input. The typical input is a list
         of files, a list of hosts, a list of users, a list of URLs, or a list of tables. A job can also be a command
         that reads from a pipe. GNU parallel can then split the input into blocks and pipe a block into each command
         in parallel.
  (…)
  For each line of input GNU parallel will execute command with the line as arguments. If no command is given,
         the line of input is executed. Several lines will be run in parallel. GNU parallel can often be used as a
         substitute for xargs or cat | bash.

Example

find . -type f -print0 | parallel -0 chmod +w

This will recursively find every file in the current directory and run chmod +w on it, executing multiple processes – one process per CPU core by default – simultaneously.

For more see man parallel, especially the awesome list of explained examples. There's also a playlist with example videos on youtube.


Problems with installing appropriate gtk library

The latest source code of should be available at Gtk+: Download for GNU/Linux and Unix. Older point releases are available from this page as well.

You will of course need to build the libraries yourself from this source - there is a PPA of version 3.22.28 backported from Artful but I can't vouch for it.


Warning: Remote Host Identification Has Changed!

"Please contact your system administrator."  You need to do that. Your local ssh key does not match the remote ssh key. You need to update yours and the admin is the one to do that. By the way: what needs to be done is told in lines 10 through 12 in your  message.

If the problem is on YOUR end you can remove line THREE (and ONLY line three) in /home/pranav/.ssh/known_hosts and it will retry the ssh connection by verifying you.

Generally the problem should be on your end but if your key got compromised it is best to alarm the admin and have him revoke ALL ssh keys, create new keys and investigate the system on breaches.


Internet connection really slow on my Ubuntu 12.04 using D-Link DWA-510

Please do:

echo "options rt61pci nohwcrypt=1" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rt61pci.conf
sudo modprobe -rfv rt61pci
sudo modprobe -v rt61pci

It changes encryption from hardware to software and in many cases makes the connection faster and more stable.


CUDA 10.2 - different installation paths

The below assumes you start with an Ubuntu system with current Nvidia drivers.

CUDA is just an application, but one needing a specific (frequently old) compiler
version, and supplying its own (several versions obsolete) video drivers.
A CUDA release will have its own directories for:

bin -- for executables
lib64 --  for link libraries
include -- compiler files

Adding the CUDA bin directory to the beginning of the PATH environment variable
allows those programs to be accessed and to override the system default ones
(as in the case of older versions for g++, gcc, ar, nm and ranlib).

Adding the CUDA lib64 directory to the beginning of the LD_LIBRARY_PATH will
allow those (shared) libraries to be picked up in standard loads of a program.

The CUDA include directory is typically added as a variable in the makefile
compiler flags, so those files may be picked up by the compiler.
There is no need to sprinkle these CUDA files into the system bin, lib and
include directories. Applications typically don't do that.  Keeping the CUDA
bin, lib64, and include files under a CUDA release directory allows multiple
CUDA releases to be supported simultaneously.  Just have the PATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH modifications in a script associated for each release.

The one exception to program separation might be to install a system supplied older compiler -- gcc-8 and tools (ar-8, nm-8, ranlib-) are required by CUDA 10.2.  Access the old compiler through links (gcc, ar, nm, ranlib) added to the CUDA bin directory. Avoid changing the system default to the old compiler (e.g. through links or update-alternatives).

Other parts of the system may break if forced to use an older compiler
(think video drivers).  A sufficiently old CUDA release may require an old
compiler not supplied by the standard repositories (think gcc-5 for CUDA 8.0).
You would need to provide your own copies of such a compiler, and any
shared libraries it needs -- put into the CUDA release bin and lib64 directories.

Setting up CUDA release in such a way is easy, just unpack the supplied deb file
into your selected location:

dpkg-deb --extract CUDAarchive YourDirectory

That used to be all that was needed, but CUDA releases like 10.2 have just made the contents of the supplied deb file for the release more deb files.  Note the unwanted Nvidia deb files for older releases, ignore or delete them, and unpack all the individual deb files. You now have a CUDA release directory, so set up a script to alter your PATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH (or if you don't care about multiple CUDA releases, just put these alterations into your .profile (assuming you use a bash type shell).

This approach keeps all the CUDA files outside the package manager, so no updates
will be made -- which may be good or bad depending upon your viewpoint.

Unfortunately, there will be problems if you just run the "run file" script or install the supplied CUDA release deb.

Old Nvidia drivers will replace your current video drivers.
Hopefully, you will still be able to login.
Reinstalling the current Nvidia drivers may cause the old ones AND
ALL THEIR DEPENDENCIES (thats' all the CUDA files) to be deleted.
Well, never prevent the package manager from doing its thing, but
you can make a copy of your whole CUDA release, let the package
manager delete it, and restore it.

All these workarounds with the package manager will finally result in a package-manager-free CUDA release like described above.


As a workaround, I created a text-file on my desktop named "wifi_connect.sh" with the content:
nmcli c up id "SSID"

where SSID is the name of my network, as proposed here: automatic connect to hidden wifi
I can double click it to connect to my wifi, which is faster than clicking through the wifi options.
Nevertheless, I would prefer that Ubuntu automatically connects to the wifi as it did before the update to 20.04.


Deluge getting permission denied when trying to download to a mounted drive

NTFS is not a "proper" Linux file system - it does not support traditional Unix permissions. Because of that, you need to specify an option when mounting the partition which tells the ntfs driver which permissions to report for all files and directories. See this question for more details.


How can I repeat each text field in a column the number of times given in another column?

Using Perl:

perl -pe 's/(\d+) (\d+\n)/$2 x $1/e' foo

Here:

-pe runs the expression on every line, automatically printing it afterwards
(\d+) matches a string of digits, and (\d+\n) matches a string of digits with a newline
Then $2 x $1 replicates the second matched group as many times as the value of the first matched group. /e tells Perl that the replacement is also to be evaluated as a Perl expression


How to mount BTRFS filesystem via CLI with switches defaults,noatime,commit=300,autodefrag

If you want to use udisksctl, you can use the --options flag to specify what options to mount with. In your case, the command will be udisksctl mount --block-device /dev/sda1 --options "defaults,noatime,commit=300,autodefrag" (the quotes might not be needed, but they are there just to be safe).

Note that only safe options will be passed through to the mount command; options such as suid and dev will be rejected. (See also the man page for udisksctl.)

That being said, you might want to modify your /etc/fstab file so that the 500GB file isn't considered "important" enough to stop booting. Using the nofail and/or nobootwait options might help here.


Error dependency is not satisfiable yad(>=0.24.1)

You're right, yad isn't available for 15.04 using the officially Ubuntu repositories. Wily (15.10) has the package.

To use the package with Vivid, you need an PPA

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:webupd8team/y-ppa-manager
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install yad


How to force running sh file without use of terminal

Open nautilus, then go to:

Edit > Preferences > Behavior tab

On Executable Text Files section, check Run executable files when they are opened.


Not accepting the crypt disk password at boot to unlock the disk for ubuntu 14.04

What worked for me was reinstalling Ubuntu 14.04 and only using lowercase letters and a shorter password. There is most certainly a bug in this software.


Display resolution for Dell Monitor gone after update

I installed the firmware-addon-dell plugin via Synaptic Package Manager, and I now have the full details of the Dell Monitor in my display properties:

...and the display properties:

This update, as referred to in the original question above, has been the first trigger in several years of using Ubuntu with this Dell monitor, that I have needed to install any Dell firmware. Not sure if that's a valuable tidbit...!


How do I permanently set an Environment PATH Variable for any Application Program?

If you install an Apllication Software using a package manager, the environment variable path is automatically set together with the executable file. The $PATH
simply tells your system where to search for the executable once you type a command.
To verify where the executable is located use which <command>. In your case, it is evident that you installed a JDK and flutter manually hence the need to add the $PATH in order to have the executable file location known to your system. See this an example; on how to update path after installing flutter manually. The installation guide on how flutter was installed is found here.
A quick solution to your problem would be using flutter -the snap version. Otherwise, if you are interested in getting the bugs and solving them choose to go by the links above.
I see you are a newbie in this platform. Please follow the community regulations and you will grow very fast. Hope this clarifies and solves your problem. Good luck and success.


Desktop shortcut and lock to launcher for phpstorm failed to launch program

I don't know if you ever got this to work, but the issue I'm almost certain was this:

The command you are executing should be:

/bin/bash /home/mockie/softwares/PhpStorm-133.982/bin/phpstorm.sh


Why does Ubuntu 12.10 not detect my Win7 partition?

I had a similar issue and did the following:

made swap and Ubuntu root filesystem (ext4) partitions with acronis
left 1GB of free space (unallocated)

After this it saw my ext4 and swap partitions and I was able to install Ubuntu.


From the Special Parameters section of man bash:

   Special Parameters
       The  shell  treats  several parameters specially.  These parameters may
       only be referenced; assignment to them is not allowed.
       *      Expands to the positional parameters, starting from  one.   When
              the  expansion  is  not  within  double  quotes, each positional
              parameter expands to a separate word.  In contexts where  it  is
              performed, those words are subject to further word splitting and
              pathname expansion.  When the  expansion  occurs  within  double
              quotes,  it  expands  to  a  single  word with the value of each
              parameter separated by the first character of  the  IFS  special
              variable.   That  is, "$*" is equivalent to "$1c$2c...", where c
              is the first character of the value of the IFS variable.  If IFS
              is  unset,  the  parameters  are separated by spaces.  If IFS is
              null, the parameters are joined without intervening separators.
       @      Expands to the positional parameters, starting from  one.   When
              the  expansion  occurs  within  double  quotes,  each  parameter
              expands to a separate word.  That is, "$@" is equivalent to "$1"
              "$2"  ...   If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word,
              the expansion of the first parameter is joined with  the  begin‐
              ning  part  of  the original word, and the expansion of the last
              parameter is joined with the last part  of  the  original  word.
              When  there  are no positional parameters, "$@" and $@ expand to
              nothing (i.e., they are removed).
       #      Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.
       ?      Expands to the exit status of the most recently  executed  fore‐
              ground pipeline.
       -      Expands  to  the  current option flags as specified upon invoca‐
              tion, by the set builtin command, or  those  set  by  the  shell
              itself (such as the -i option).
       $      Expands  to  the  process ID of the shell.  In a () subshell, it
              expands to the process ID of the current  shell,  not  the  sub‐
              shell.
       !      Expands  to  the process ID of the job most recently placed into
              the background, whether executed as an asynchronous  command  or
              using the bg builtin (see JOB CONTROL below).
       0      Expands  to  the name of the shell or shell script.  This is set
              at shell initialization.  If bash is invoked with a file of com‐
              mands,  $0  is set to the name of that file.  If bash is started
              with the -c option, then $0 is set to the first  argument  after
              the  string to be executed, if one is present.  Otherwise, it is
              set to the filename used to invoke bash, as  given  by  argument
              zero.
       _      At  shell  startup,  set to the absolute pathname used to invoke
              the shell or shell script being executed as passed in the  envi‐
              ronment  or  argument  list.   Subsequently, expands to the last
              argument to the previous command, after expansion.  Also set  to
              the  full  pathname  used  to  invoke  each command executed and
              placed in the environment exported to that command.  When check‐
              ing  mail,  this  parameter holds the name of the mail file cur‐
              rently being checked.

Note that "the most recently  executed  foreground pipeline" is not always the last command (if an intermediate command fails, for example); in bash, you can access the exit status of each command separately in a pipe via the PIPESTATUS array if you need finer-grained exit status information:

   PIPESTATUS
          An  array  variable (see Arrays below) containing a list of exit
          status values from the processes in  the  most-recently-executed
          foreground pipeline (which may contain only a single command).

Ex.

$ echo 'foo bar' | grep 'foo' | sed 's/f/g/'
goo bar
$ echo "${PIPESTATUS[*]}"
0 0 0
$ echo 'foo bar' | grep 'goo' | sed 's/g/f/'
$ echo "${PIPESTATUS[*]}"
0 1 0


How to add a second SFTP user with only view permissions

One solution might be:

Set a new group (e.g. sftp_users_ro)
Give the new sftp user the new group
set the following permissions to the folder: 775

The user and group which owner the folder will have read/write/execute permission in this folder.

The new sftp user will have read/execute permissions to the folder (without write permission)

See this Q&A for more info
What is meaning of 755 permissions in Samba Share


4GB lost in Ubuntu partition after installing Ubuntu

On installing with the defaults Ubuntu will have created at least two partitions:

The root partition to hold Ubuntu and your data.
A swap partition to extend your virtual memory in case it was needed.

The Swap partition will not be accessible from your desktop but you can see and list all of your partitions from a terminal with

sudo fdisk -l

or from the "Disks" utility (search the Dash for it):

The size of the Swap partition (on my disk 10 GB) depends on the amount of RAM in your computer and will roughly equal it.

Therefore it seems very likely that the 4 GB you can't see is just this Swap partition.

On removing Ubuntu (or other Linux distributions) you will also have to manually remove this swap partition.


Can't make Xubuntu persistent live USB using Rufus

Persistent partitions are only working with latest Rufus using Ubuntu 19.10 and later.

Rufus 3.8 worked great for me using the daily release of Eoan Ermine.

Ubuntu 19.10 is now in Beta and will be released on October 17.


It says that you are using Android SDK version 27.0.1.But flutter required Android BuildTools 28.0.3. Updating Android Studio version's full instruction here:https://developer.android.com/studio/intro/update
After update your android studio version,Run

$ flutter doctor

then flutter doctor will tell you to run a command for android studio license agreement.
Simply run the command and type y to continue and then you have done!{Telling from my personal experience}
Thank you.


error :Queue input is backward in time when to capture audio with ffmpeg

Add -use_wallclock_as_timestamps 1 input option:
ffmpeg -use_wallclock_as_timestamps 1 -f pulse -i alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo.monitor /tmp/out.mkv

Note that you will likely get Vorbis audio by default for Matroska output. You can add -c copy if you just want to mux the input PCM audio into .mkv (or .mka).


Help! My bash script stopped working as intended!

By default, history command is disabled in bash script see tldp: History Commands
Use:
#!/bin/bash -i
HISTFILE=~/.bash_history
set -o history
history


Ubuntu 18.04 logs off immidiately after log in

I finally found the solution. This problem may have many many reasons.
I changed permissions for Xauthority file, removed nvidia driver. Nothing helped.
My problem was gnome shell extension.
Somehow file names for gnome shell extensions are corrupted.
I deleted all the extension files in
~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions and /usr/local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/.
All file names were with single quote like
~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/'xxx@xxxuser'.
It works now.


Reload the custom keyboard shortcuts as follows:

Restart compiz.

Open the terminal and type:

setsid compiz --replace

Restart unity shell.

Open a run window, not a terminal, with the keyboard combination Alt+F2 and type unity. Click on the unity icon to restart unity shell.


The standard version of dmenu doesn't include support for xft fonts. To use fonts like Inconsolata you'll need to build a patched version of dmenu.

Download the source code and the patch.
Open up a terminal, cd to the directory containing both the source code and the patch.
Run the following commands to apply the patch:

tar zxvf dmenu-4.5.tar.gz
cd dmenu-4.5
mv ../dmenu-4.5-xft.diff .
patch -p1 < dmenu-4.5-xft.diff

To build the modified version of dmenu, you'll need to have the following packages installed: libxft-dev libxft2 libxinerama-dev
UPDATE on UBUNTU 14.04 the build fails with

  fatal error: ft2build.h: No such file or directory

to fix this edit the config.mk File and change

  XFTINC = -I/usr/local/include/freetype2

to

  XFTINC = -I/usr/include/freetype2

Run the following commands to build and install the modified version of dmenu:

make
sudo make install


You can  not have a module re and a python program called re. The program overrules the module.


How to run bootinfoscript from the GParted liveCD?

You need to boot from a live DVD, set up an internet connection, open a terminal and download the script. After downloading the script into a ~/Downloads directory you can use...

sudo ~/Downloads/bootinfoscript

This will create a RESULTS.txt in the same directory holding all the information the script collected.

Source bootscript help (link has more information).


Thunderbird 14 does not work with gmail on Ubuntu 12.04

Try the following, and report back if that does not meet your requirements:

Configure Google Web Mail (Gmail) in Thunderbird Mail Client on Ubuntu, Fedora Linux

UPDATE

Exit from Thunderbird
Delete the Inbox.msf file in your profile's Imapmail folder.
Re-start Thunderbird.

from: Google Product Forums > Gmail > Thunderbird IMAP error: Some messages could not be FETCHed (failure).


Run sudo netstat -lptn | grep 783 and get the PID (right most side of the output - some thing like 2332/spamd.pid ) of the program that uses 783 port. Then kill that program with sudo kill -9 PID.
Then start the spamassasin

service spamassassin start

If you still get the INET6 socket error, try running spamd without IPv6 support (assuming you don't need it).

sudo nano /etc/default/spamassassin

Add -4 to your OPTIONS line

spamd --help

...
-4, --ipv4-only, --ipv4           Use IPv4 where applicable, disables IPv6
...

Otherwise, troubleshoot your IPv6 config.


Unable to safely remove usb external hard drive


Cannot access to S3 bucket after upgrade to 20.04

Working well for me on Ubuntu 20.04
/etc/fstab
s3fs#my-bucket /home/ubuntu/s3disk fuse allow_other,nonempty,use_path_request_style,iam_role=auto,url=https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com,endpoint=us-west-2 0 0


I need help simultaneously moving the same file type in multiple folder from one subdirectory to another

You can use find with -execdir:
$ find -path '*/T1/T1.nil.gz' -execdir mv -t .. {} \;

-execdir will change the working directory before exec the command. Next, you supply mv with the target directory parent.


That is a weird behaviour, something is not right there, I can think in either a hardware issue, driver issue (I have no experience with Chromebooks, no idea about the support, although it's supposed to be fully compatible with the Linux kernel), filesystem or ownership/permissions issue, or even a not fully supported filesystem...
Have you tried on the same laptop other USB drives? Do they work, or does it show the same behaviour?
And have you tried the USB on other computers? If it was a Windows drive, it would not be weird that the FS is corrupted (let's check later this, a FS scan, and repair would be required).
The suggestions given to you, dmesg and sudo fdisk -l are good suggestions. Remember to run dmesg before connecting your USB, but also after.
I think that, if it appears, the FS should be supported, but you can try to install whatever it is... ntfs-3g, exfat-fuse, exfat-utils, even hfsplus and hfsprogs, if it may have a MacOS FS.
To debug a bit more, apart from that, you can find the USB devices you have connected by running the next command before and after inserting the USB drive:
lsusb

or
usb-devices

The difference will be your device, and this might also check if your HW is fully supported.
The mentioned earlier is better to check the difference, but to see it in live, you can also run:
watch lsusb

Check if it keeps listed by lsubs or usb-devices there even after it disappears from your desktop (if it disappears, then it would be very difficult to test).
Some more:
lsblk
sudo blkid

If it stays, you can check all the devices that are mounted (and there will be a lot) by doing just:
mount

At this point, if the USB may have some Linux/MacOS FS, check who is the owner, the permissions, etc...
Probably something like:
sudo ls -la /media/<your-user-login>/<usb-device-label>/

Maybe you just need to change recursively the permissions (while the FS is mounted):
chown -R <your-user-login>:<your-group-often-same-than-user-login> /media/<your-user-login>/<usb-device-label>/

Just in case, you can check your groups with
groups

Permissions (in a Linux FS), it would be weird that it has no read permissions, but check your sudo ls -la result, and you can just do (if the files belong to you):
sudo chmod -R u+r /media/<your-user-login>/<usb-device-label>/

Extra readings: https://www.thegeekdiary.com/understanding-basic-file-permissions-and-ownership-in-linux/
If it were some filesystem issue, depending on the FS it has, you can run fsck or fsck. to correct... for example:
sudo fsck
sudo fsck.msdos
...

More info: https://linuxize.com/post/fsck-command-in-linux/
You can also try the GUI tool gparted, a partitioning tool with some repair options... it is in the Ubuntu repos: https://gparted.org/
Partition and data recovery tools could be tested if there's some non-fixable issue in your FS... For example, I  have used in the past testdisk for internal HDs (https://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/TestDisk), that should be in the Ubuntu repos.
sudo testdisk

Some guide here: https://www.simplified.guide/linux/recover-lost-partition-table
I don't think so, but it might be some FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace) issue as well... Check if there are updates for your system / fuse packages -there should be like 3 when running:
dpkg --list | grep fuse


How can I make text and icons larger on Ubuntu 16.04?

Go to Tweak Tool > Fonts and then increase Scaling Factor


Running this should do it: sudo apt-get purge fglrx* then reboot


how to increase a size of bootable section in ubuntu

Let's say we want to increase / size, it can be any other part of your VM as you like, it can be /home or whatever:

Get a backup of your VM files. (just in case)
Use lsblk -r | grep /$ to find out witch partition is your root, if you don't know it already.

The output going to be like: sda1 8:1 0 20GiB 0 part /.
so mine is sda1 => /dev/sda1

Boot your VM using a Ubuntu ISO and choose try Ubuntu to get into live sessoin.
Use "gparted" utility to merge your free space with boot partition which in my case was /dev/sda1.
Reboot the VM and everything should be fine.


How can I use the same Bluetooth keyboard and mouse with both macOS and Ubuntu?

The answers to this question give you the general idea, though a bit vague on the macOS side, so I'll spell out the procedure I used.

OS versions as follows.  The file names and locations appear to be subject to change according to versions, so this is what worked for me.

MacOS High Sierra 10.13.1
Ubuntu 17.04

I am assuming that you have a filesystem (USB key or whatever) that is at least read-write in MacOS and readable in Ubuntu.

The general idea is that when you pair a device to an OS, a unique link key is generated, which is necessary for authentication next time the pairing is active.  You can transfer these link keys from MacOS pairings to Ubuntu pairings such that the pairings work in both OSes.

Boot Ubuntu
Pair device(s) as usual
Reboot into MacOS
Pair device(s) as usual
In a terminal window type: sudo defaults read com.apple.bluetoothd.plist LinkKeys.  This will give you output something like:

{
    "a0-99-9b-16-43-d2" =     {
        "00-1f-20-47-e5-22" = <4d6b002f 37584c09 ee219365 b78ba03e>;
        "04-0c-ce-3d-15-4d" = <fe998c62 4bb29a7c 40b2e670 10db71ed>;
    };
}

Here a0-99-9b-16-43-d2 is the MAC address of the bluetooth adapter on my system.

Following that are the MAC addresses of devices that I have paired (00-1f-20-47-e5-22 and 04-0c-ce-3d-15-4d and the link keys associated with those pairings (4d6b002f 37584c09 ee219365 b78ba03e and fe998c62 4bb29a7c 40b2e670 10db71ed respectively).

Redirect this output to a file visible to both MacOS and Ubuntu:

sudo defaults read com.apple.bluetoothd.plist LinkKeys > /Volumes/4T/linkkeys.txt

Switch off all devices that you have paired
Reboot into Ubuntu.  Do not turn on your bluetooth devices yet.  Hopefully you have a wired keyboard and mouse to use at this point
Open a terminal window
Stop the bluetooth service:

sudo service bluetooth stop

Look in the directory /var/lib/bluetooth.  You should see a subdirectory entry for the bluetooth adapter MAC address, formatted like A0:99:9B:16:43:D2.  Inside that you should see subdirectories for each device MAC address, like 00:1F:20:47:E5:22 and 04:0C:CE:3D:15:4D.  Inside those directories you will find files named info.  Edit these files with your favourite editor:

sudo gedit /var/lib/bluetooth/A0:99:9B:16:43:D2/00:1F:20:47:E5:22/info
sudo gedit /var/lib/bluetooth/A0:99:9B:16:43:D2/04:0C:CE:3D:15:4D/info

In these files you'll find a Key entry.  This key needs to be made the same as what you found in MacOS, but with some important formatting differences:

spaces removed
hex digits in uppercase
byte-swapped 128-bit integer (i.e. split into 2 hex digit chunks and reversed)

You can achieve this as follows:

$ echo 4d6b002f 37584c09 ee219365 b78ba03e | sed 's/ //g;s/../\U&\n/g' | tac | tr -d '\n' ; echo
3EA08BB7659321EE094C58372F006B4D
$ echo fe998c62 4bb29a7c 40b2e670 10db71ed | sed 's/ //g;s/../\U&\n/g' | tac | tr -d '\n' ; echo
ED71DB1070E6B2407C9AB24B628C99FE
$

Edit these reformatted keys into the Key entry of the appropriate info files.  Most likely sudo will be required.

Re-start the bluetooth service:

sudo service bluetooth start

Now turn on your bluetooth devices.  They should be recognised and the pairings active/valid in both MacOS and Ubuntu.

Update:  The pairings seem to have persisted through upgrades on both MacOS and Ubuntu.  I'm now running 10.13.6 and 18.04 respectively and have not yet had to redo this procedure.


How to access second disk locally and over LAN

Here's what you want to do:

First, open up disk utility and select your hard drive in the sidebar:

Now, click the little "Create Partition" icon. Make sure you're selecting the right drive, this is the dangerous part!

Now, lets get this drive mounted on our computer.

Click that, and then it will mount on your computer. Navigate to it and then right click on it, then select Properties. Navigate to the "Sharing" tab:

Then, check the "Share This Folder" box.

Select  "Install Service".

Select "Install".

Then you will see that - enter in your password and follow the rest of the prompts.

When its done, it will ask you to install another piece of software, and then when that is done it will ask to restart your session - to do that, save any of your other work, and then click "Yes".

Come back in, and then find the directory (folder) that you want to share, and then share it like we did above (it might already be shared, I had two different computers and I had to check it on one computer, and on the other it was already done. shrug)

Anyway, to connect to it on your other computer, click the "Browse Network" item in the Nautilus sidebar:

And then find the share that we want to connect to, and then just go from there! Enjoy the shared networking goodness! :)


What files can the Xfce4 desktop environment run?

Yes, both.  You can use the same applications that you would with Gnome or KDE.  Use Libre Office, for example.


I was just reading the Gnome 3.2.2 release notes and came accross this:

===========
gedit 3.2.3
===========
New Features and Fixes
======================
- Fix crash when dropping file in gedit with snippets plugin active (Paolo Borelli)

Maybe this is somehow related. It's worth a try to disable the snippets plugin (or update to 3.2.3).


Ok, found it. :

To create a new Documents folder

Open home folder > right click > new folder. Name it Documents

If the icon is incorrect then right click on the new Documents folder > properties. Click on the folder icon, this will bring up a select custom icon window.

Browse to File System > usr > share > icons > Humanity > places > 48 & select the 1st folder_documents.svg. This should restore the icon to your Downloads folder

Then gedit ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs or browse to file. You'll see this line -

XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="$HOME/"

edit it to this & save. Then log out/in

XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="$HOME/Documents"


To run this you will have to create your own shortcut to it.

You can right click on your desktop and Create a launcher

you would probably be better off browsing to the file with the little folder icon .. you are looking for the file that says waterfox .. in the waterfox folder ..

it most likely will ask you to make it executable when you first run the shortcut .. say make it executable and you should be all set

you can add an icon too if you can find one for it or just leave it as the default "no icon"

it can be run from terminal also by opening the directory in terminal and typing ./waterfox but the terminal has to stay open or the browser will close and the terminal will show a bunch of stuff you dont have to worry about

If you use Nautilus for your file manager then launch Nautilus and click on Computer and locate the application you want to run in /usr/share/applications click on it to highlight it and press Ctrl+C to copy it. Then click on Desktop on the left and press Ctrl+V to paste it.
Once pasted .. right click on it and go to Properties and then the Permissions tab .. and make sure that the Execute check box is checked then close the properties and Nautilus and your icon should be on your desktop and functional


ok, found another way:

go to Start(in linux I believe is called Menu ?!)->Preferences->Desktop Session Settings
uncheck Network from the list, click OK, then reboot


I'm a new Ubunutu(Linux) user. Sorry if Iam wrong. However this is how I install new kernels.

I download the deb files and cd to the directory containing them and just execute
$ sudo dpkg -i *.deb

What I have noticed is that, the new installed kernel will NOT erase the older one but only create a new entry in the boot loader and make itself default if it's newer. And if it already exists it would override it without making itself default.


How to install additional languages in Kubuntu 16.04 LTS?

After several days of researching, I found out the following:

Step 1: Open your terminal and type:

sudo apt install language-selector-gnome

Step 2: Open the language selector using your terminal:

gnome-language-selector

Step 3: Install the required the languages that you need then reboot your system and enjoy the new list of added languages. You might also need to install additional fonts depending on your requirements.


The nodes use MAAS as their DNS, and MAAS doesn't seem to know how to resolve spike-dmz.aql.fr.

Have you tried configuring an upstream DNS server in MAAS? Go to settings on the top right, scroll down to Upstream DNS used to resolve domains not managed by this MAAS and fill that in with the DNS server of your network, see if that helps.


Yes.  Here is a snippet that can be added to the autoinstall user-data file.  It will set the password for the installer user and install an authorized_key for the installer user.  This config must be added at the root level.  The same level as the autoinstall: key, not part of the autoinstall: section.
# set password to r00tme
chpasswd:
    expire: false
    list:
        - installer:$6$.c38i4RIqZeF4RtR$hRu2RFep/.6DziHLnRqGOEImb15JT2i.K/F9ojBkK/79zqY30Ll2/xx6QClQfdelLe.ZjpeVYfE8xBBcyLspa/
ssh_authorized_keys:
    - ssh-rsa FILLINYOUROWNKEYHERE installer

How it works
When the installer boots, it uses cloud-init to configure the installer environment.  The autoinstall user-data file is really just a cloud-init config used to configure this environment.
In the installer, the default cloud-init configuration will generate an installer user by default
   default_user:
     name: installer
     lock_passwd: false
     gecos: Ubuntu
     groups: [adm, audio, cdrom, dialout, dip, floppy, lxd, netdev, plugdev, sudo, video]
     sudo: ["ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL"]
     shell: /usr/bin/subiquity-shell

and will assign the installer user a random password
chpasswd:
    expire: false
    list:
        - installer:RANDOM

By providing configuration within the autoinstall file, it will override the default config.
Another method would be to provide user info within the autoinstall file.  This will let you more explicitly control the properties of the created user(s).


is there any way to mount cifs partitions with only user permissions

Mount requires root. Always.

However on desktop machines, it is common to circumvent this. Ubuntu Desktop (with Gnome GUI) allows local users to mount smbfs/cifs network shares via Places -> Connect to Server -> Windows shares.

There are other options to allow user mounts. To enable them, you will need support from root.


You might likely solve with a

sudo chown USERNAME:USERNAME -R /home/USERNAME

where you substitute to USERNAME your user's name (the short one, without spaces and such that you can see at the beginning of the terminal line).


Software Engineering UML modeling Tool For Ubuntu

You could use DIA or Creately (web-based APP).


The PPA mentioned in the question is greatly outdated for 12.04 hence you have to disable it and find another instructions on building webkit from source. Additionally, someone has to edit the wiki.

Looks like webkit is now in libwebkitgtk-3.0-0. Try these:

sudo apt-get build-dep libwebkitgtk-3.0-0
apt-get source libwebkitgtk-3.0-0
cd webkit-*
dpkg-buildpackage

I'll edit the wiki if it works.


Logitech G300 : Mouse buttons not working

I have a Mouse with 3 buttons and I've configured them based on this thread.

You will have to install xev to determine the mouse buttons and clicks.

Sudo apt-get install xev

run it in a terminal

xev

it should prompt you a box figure point your mouse there and click your mouse from left click to right click as well as the buttons do this one at a time and take note of the button number(e.g left click = button = 1 )

then you can proceed to mapping by editing your xorg.conf(But make sure to have a backup first.

cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.old

vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Add this to the end of the line

Section "InputDevice"

Identifier  "Configured Mouse"

Driver      "mouse"

Option      "CorePointer"

Option      "Protocol"  "ExplorerPS/2"

Option      "ZAxisMapping"  "8 9"

Option      "Device"    "/dev/input/mice"

EndSection

Logout then login back again.

This is only an example of what I had where 8 and 9 are my buttons for forward and back mappings.

for more information I suggest you visit this link.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MouseCustomizations

Hope this helps.


what is the sudo password for a --disabled-password user

That wont fly... you need a password for the sudo user to be able to disable the sudo password. So that goes the other way round: 1st disable sudo pwd then disabled-password. And I suggest NEVER to do this kind of action w/o a backup sudo user. Leave the 1st sudo user as is. Maybe with a good password (64 chars you generate randomly and store that in an safe). Use a 2nd sudo account to set your method up. That way you can use your 1st sudoer as a fallback.

And you need

{user} ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL

in

/etc/sudoers.d/{user}

If you can't un-disable you can use live session to edit the sudoers file.


Why did this happen?

The most likely scenario is that your updates are out of sync.
This could easily happen if you updated one and neglected to update the other or chose to download updates during installation on one and not the other.

Another possibility is you may be using different mirrors to update the machines. Some mirrors are farther behind than others. this also could easily lead to your kernel versions being out of sync.

You might also have manually installed a newer kernel on one machine and not the other.

What can I do?

How to bring them into sync should be obvious once you've determined the root cause of your issue.

1 and 2: update and upgrade both systems on the same schedule using the same mirror.

3: If you are going to manually install a kernel, repeat the process on both systems.

Note: If you require both systems to be running a specific kernel you may want to hold a particular package to prevent it being updated. Be aware of any concerns regarding security if you take this approach.


Gnome instead of Ubuntu default desktop environement

On the login screen, it should be possible to choose between Gnome and Unity. There is a small icon that appears on one side of the username/password box.


For anybody who is interested, I have figured this out. The folder to look in is

/etc/grub.d/

There are a collection of files in here that are the templates for the generation of the file

/boot/grub/grub.cfg

The files I am interested in are

10_linux*
30_uefi-firmware*

The 10_linux file is for linux operating system entries, the 30_uefi-firmware file is for the eufi setup entry.

To generate an icon for the submenu entry, I edited the corresponding line. The original line was this

echo "submenu '$(gettext_printf "Advanced options for %s" "${OS}" | grub_quote)' \$menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-$boot_device_id' {"

I added the CLASS option so that it now looks like this

echo "submenu '$(gettext_printf "Advanced options for %s" "${OS}" | grub_quote)' ${CLASS} \$menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-$boot_device_id' {"

To add an icon for the System Setup entry i.e. the uefi settings (bios) I edited 30_uefi-firmware

I added a class entry, immediately after the export entries

CLASS="--class recovery"

and I added the CLASS option in the menuentry line

menuentry '$LABEL' ${CLASS} \$menuentry_id_option 'uefi-firmware'

The class entry has to match an icon that is in the themes icon folder.

/boot/grub/themes/<theme name>/icons

I have used the 'recovery' class/icon, which shows a toolbox icon. I will look for something a little more suitable when I get a moment, place the icon in the icons folder and change the class entry accordingly.


First of all, is this just on Mozilla Firefox? Try running ping 8.8.8.8 in a terminal.

If that didn't solve anything, then sudo lsusb

Do you see anything mentioning an wireless device?

Also your title mentions ethernet, but you say wireless in your question.


To convert WMA to FLAC, you could try soundconverter, a graphical application, but it allows to add multiple files and directories. It keeps the metadata if the output format supports it. To install it enter into your terminal this: sudo apt-get install soundconverter


Not going to happen. That package has been discontinued after Natty and the core of Ubuntu has changed to something different.

Have a look at CCSM's scale plugin for a possible alternative:


How to remove redirection unexpected syntax errors

steeldriver's comment makes sense. Given the line the error is on, it looks like you're trying to run an HTML file. Further I'm assuming you ran something like:

wget http://git.openembedded.org/openembedded/tree/contrib/angstrom/omap3-mkcard.sh
chmod +x omap3-mkcard.sh
./omap3-mkcard.sh ...

If you look at the source of that:

wget -O- http://git.openembedded.org/openembedded/tree/contrib/angstrom/omap3-mkcard.sh | less

... You'll see that it's HTML, not the bash script you wanted.

In future note that there's a "plain" link above the code (Github calls it "raw"). This will output a HTML-free plaintext version of the file that cau be wget-ted. So for your commands:

rm omap3-mkcard.sh  # nuke the old copy
wget http://git.openembedded.org/openembedded/plain/contrib/angstrom/omap3-mkcard.sh
chmod +x omap3-mkcard.sh
./omap3-mkcard.sh ...

Either that or you open omap3-mkcard.sh and replace it with a copy-paste from the web page.


Why does the Ubuntu Server installer ask for both a subnet and IP address?

Theoretically when entering the subnet address in CIDR notation it would be
sufficient information to enter
<your IP address>/<mask>

rather than
<your IP address & ^<mask>>/<mask>

although perhaps Ubuntu insists on the latter.  Have you tried it?


VirtualBox doesn't restore saved Ubuntu machine state?

This is a known bug with VirtualBox prior to versions 3.2.6 which has bit me as well. This occurs if you have a non-standard install path

  The problem seems to be caused by not using the standard locations for
  snapshots etc. Humour Virtualbox and allow it to keep all its files in
  the standard directory, i.e. c:\Documents and Settings\%user%\.VirtualBox\.

The easy fix would be to upgrade VirtualBox - right now it's at 4.x version. Another alternative is to create symlinks, but that's a bit tricky.

And finally, to ensure all bases - I hope you've not set the VM to boot from the Live ISO - silly mistake but I've seen that happen.


install ubuntu and windows 7 on separate ssds

Dual Boot Ubuntu 20.04 with Windows 10 on Separate SSD's

Confirm if Windows boots in BIOS mode or UEFI mode: In Run, type msinfo32System, In Summary under System Information, see if the BIOS Mode item has a value of Legacy or UEFI.

Unplug the Windows SSD before installing Ubuntu.

Boot Ubuntu, install USB in same BIOS/UEFI mode as Windows.

Install Ubuntu.

Plug in Windows SSD.

Set Ubuntu HDD as first hard drive.

Boot Ubuntu and run sudo update-grub this will add Windows to Ubuntu's bootloader menu.

This method will preserve the bootloader on the Windows SSD in case the Ubuntu SSD is ever moved or replaced.


has netstat been replaced with a new tool?

ss

Is replacing netstat
You can use it like this :

ss -aunp | grep radi


Will xubuntu and lubuntu give better performance for software development tools

xUbuntu, lUbuntu and any other official release based on Ubuntu share the same pool of repositories. It is just that all of them use a different desktop and use different default applications.

If you need to run any of these systems you probably have a system that is not as powerful as needed to run Ubuntu. But that does not stop you from picking Eclipse, Netbeans, Tomcat to install if you do not like the default or preferred applications for that system. They will work. Some will install a lot of dependencies you would not have to install otherwise but it is possible. The applications made for your system should be preferred over the other applications since those are optimized for that system. Kate (editor) works best on kUbuntu, works on Ubuntu but you really should use gEdit.

The only one I would avoid is Xampp. Our native lamp stack (installed with sudo apt-get install lamp-server^) is far superior, better documented and works out of the box.


Is it a script or a one-liner?

In a one-liner I would do something like

(youtube-dl http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HhoewflkQu0 & echo $! > /var/lock/y.pid) | zenity --progress --width=400 --height=100 --title="Scaricamento" --text "Scaricamento in corso..." --auto-close --pulsate; kill `cat /var/lock/y.pid`


With some trial and error and help from a different forum, I managed to get this working. Note, I switched to OpenVPN protocol on account of better support in linux and just overall better throughput.

The only part that can be done with GUI is setup for the OpenVPN connection, and the client network on the second interface (this is done in network manager). In my case, ens9 is a secondary Ethernet interface that I configured with static IP on a unique local subnet. Client devices were pre-configured to use this IP as their gateway.

Full verbose details of my solution here: https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-networking-3/share-vpn-with-ethernet-interface-4175655027/

VPN kill-switch for the Gateway device itself goes like this:

Make these changes in /etc/sysctl.conf

#disable ipv6
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1
#enable packet forwarding
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

In UFW’s default config file (/etc/default/ufw), make this change:

DEFAULT_FORWARD_POLICY=“ACCEPT”

Through command line, edit the ufw rules as so:

sudo ufw default deny incoming
sudo ufw default deny outgoing
sudo ufw allow out on tun0
sudo ufw allow out on wlp2s0 to XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA port 1194 proto udp

In the last line, use the name of the interface you are using for the WAN connection (use ifconfig command to see all interfaces), and use the IP address and port number for your OpenVPN server – this can be lifted from the ovpn.config file supplied.

This much gets you a working VPN kill-switch on the gateway device. The last step is masquerading the VPN connection on the secondary interface (in my case, the Ethernet device called ens9).

Don’t use the GUI method from nm-connection-editor to enable sharing, it will bypass your kill switch. Instead, edit the file /etc/ufw/before.rules by adding a nat section just above the *filter heading:

### Start OpenVPN Share rules
### NAT table rules
*nat
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]
-A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.10.0/24 -o tun0 -j MASQUERADE
COMMIT

Where 192.168.10.0/24 stands in for the IP address range of your client network. In my case, I defined it statically within that range.

And that was pretty much it.
I expected to need a ufw rule like this:

sudo ufw allow out on ens9 to 192.168.10.0/24

But it works just fine without it.


This never got resolved for several months. What I did notice is that after Ubuntu updates it would suddenly work after the first reboot and thereafter stop working for several weeks until another Ubuntu update. Eventually an update resolved the issue for good.


How to get JACK / jackd not to run at startup

I had modified the PulseAudio configuration /etc/pulse/default.pa with the lines
load-module module-jack-sink
load-module module-jack-source

This was causing PulseAudio, which starts at startup, to try to start JACK at startup.


extract the oldest values from a master file per each code

Try this,

tail -n+2 file \
| sort -n -k 3.7,3.10 -k 3.4,3.5 -k 3.1,3.2 \
| awk '!s[$1]++{print > $1}'

tail -n+2 file just removes the header line
sort -n -k 3.7,3.10 -k 3.4,3.5 -k 3.1,3.2 sorts the date.
awk '!s[$1]++{print > $1}' print only first row for each ISIN

If you had YYYY/MM/DD as date format, you could just do sort -k3.

awk only solution:

awk '
  NR==1{next}
  {
    split($3,d,"/")
    t=mktime(d[3]" "d[2]" "d[1]" 00 00 00")
    if(!s[$1]||t<s[$1]){
      s[$1]=t
      r[$1]=$0
    }
  }
  END {
    for (i in r) { print r[i] > i}
  }' file


The command lscpu gives you info about your CPU.

To restrict the output to the frequency, use this command:

lscpu | grep MHz

The output looks something like

CPU MHz:               828.140
CPU max MHz:           3600.0000
CPU min MHz:           800.0000

and shows you your CPU's current frequency, its maximum frequency, and its minimum frequency.

You can also click onto "Details" in the system settings. There is an entry called "Processor" which shows you your processor's name. This name probably contains the rated CPU frequency. Example: Intel® Core™ i7-4720HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz × 8

Note that the maximum frequency lscpu can be higher than the rated frequency. This is due to Turbo Boost.


Fails to boot, network time syncronization fails to start in recovery mode in 18.04

This issue seems to have been caused by an error when the linux-image file was updated.
Booting into rescue mode & setting the root directory to RW, I was unable to execute any apt commands.
It had an error regarding the hosts file.
I updated the hosts file to include the hostname.
I was then able to execute apt commands.
Once apt install --reinstall linux-image had completed & rebooted the workstation.
I was able to boot the workstation up as per normal.
Thank you for taking the time to read my post & hopefully this may help someone else.


'show desktop' crashes if nautilus is running on Ubuntu 14.10

I had the same problem, just realized it was because of the theme "zukitwo dark theme" I was using.


Have you tried the following:

Go To System Settings
Select Network under Hardware
Select configure on your connection
Select IPv4 Settings tab
Ensure Method is set to Automatic (DHCP)
Select Save
Select IPv6 Settings tab
Ensure Method is set to Automatic
Select Save

I would suggest restarting your system...hopefully this will automatically detect and connect your Internet!  Good Luck!


Make chromium as default application available?

Including the custom installed Chromium as an option in the "Default Applications" dialog
The list of default applications in the "Default Applications" dialog is generated based on the information about mime types the application can handle. That information is provided through the .desktop launcher of the application.
Thus, create a valid .desktop launcher for your application. Include a line MimeType= to provide the mimetypes it can handle and include at least x-scheme-handler/ftp;x-scheme-handler/http;x-scheme-handler/https; for it to become included in the dialog.
Creating a symlink to the custom installed Chromium
This is simply a matter of creating a standard symbolic link in a directory that is included in your search path. Conventionally, a good location is /usr/local/bin where executables are kept that are manually installed, outside of the regular package management systems (currently the traditional APT and the newer snap systems in Ubuntu).
sudo ln -s /path/to/executable  /usr/local/bin/chromium-browser

would create a symbolic link chromium-browser, allowing you to run the executable /path/to/executable by typing "chromium-browser" in the terminal.


Fresh install Windows 10 and Ununtu 16.04 (or higher)

Based on my understanding of your question, its probably just a simple boot order problem.

When you install Ubuntu (or most other Linux systems) on an EFI machine, it will make a new entry in the /boot/efi partition. Usually, it will also change the boot order so Ubuntu's entry (GRUB) boots first, giving you the option of Linux or Windows. It sounds like Ubuntu simply didn't change the order for some reason. The fact that you are able to boot into Ubuntu from the BIOS indicates that it did successfully install this entry.

To fix this, you should be able to go into the BIOS setup, find the boot order option, and switch it so the "ubuntu" entry is first. You should get the grub menu after that.

BTW, you can find out for sure whether or not you are on an EFI machine by opening the run dialog on Windows, tying in "msinfo32", and looking for the entry that says "BIOS mode" under "System Summary". If it says "legacy", you are on BIOS; otherwise, you are on EFI.

If this doesn't answer your question, just comment. Good luck!


What is the development package for "gstreamer-player-1.0"

libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-dev.  I found it by searching for the pkg-config file.


What is the status of locally integrated menus for 12.04?

LIM has been dropped for 12.04. It probably is on the blueprint for 12.10. There was a PPA which included packages for LIM but it is not active for a while. You can find the PPA here.

You can read more about the development focus of LIM in the OMG!Ubuntu! article.


how to extract multiple zipped and rar files recursively?

You can use this command , it will recursively unzip all files in your current directory .

Note This will delete original zipped files , but If you want to leave original files , delete -exec rm -- '{}' \; code .

Command :

while [ "`find . -type f -name '*.zip' | wc -l`" -gt 0 ]; do find -type f -name "*.zip" -exec unzip -- '{}' \; -exec rm -- '{}' \;; done


RAID 1 is mirroring; where data is duplicated on two different drives using either a hardware RAID controller or software (via the operating system). If either drive fails, the other continues to function as a single drive until the failed drive is replaced.

First thing that needs to be done is to install mdadm.  To do so Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

apt-get install mdadm

Or use USC

Once that is done, Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

mdadm

--create creates a new RAID device

and follow the instructions


AVI is a container for media files, not a codec itself. If your TV does not recognize the mp4 format, then it is due to missing codecs in your TV.

I would give a try convert the file using Avidemux and choose mpeg2 codec for video and mp2 for audio. For a trial simple short video will be enough.

Of course you can experiment with different codecs in the Avidemux.


Why would you want to?

Personally I would have installed Ubuntu Server with a Desktop GUI.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

If you really want to go that route, then I would advise that you setup your partitions accordingly, and therefore have your different OS on different partitions.


How to check all running process (only utilizing memory )in ubuntu 14.04?

For me 'top' or even 'htop' is better console tools to check processes


You can, but you'll want a USB 3.0 for decent speeds. Also, the constant r/w will greatly reduce your flash drive life.

I would recommend installing lubuntu (a lightweight variant) instead of Ubuntu.

That aside, use the Universal USB Installer to copy your ubuntu ISO file to your USB drive and make it bootable, and on the step 4 you set the amount of space it will use to store the changes, this way it won't revert to the default state when you boot.


Should I use spawn-fcgi or dotdebs php5-fpm?

A solution that I liked better than the two mentioned ones: the php-fpm package from Brian Mercer's ppa. Dotdeb's packages did not work, and the fpm package does not need any configuration scripts at all!!!


clipboard operation between LibreOffice and other application

What you have noticed is a known feature or, depending on one's perspective, a bug of the X clipboard system.

A LibreOffice developer, Michael Meeks, argues this way:

  The X clipboard system relies on the app owning the selection to
  provide the data; if you close the app - that app isn't there; so it
  will fail.

  There are various (varyingly expensive) hacks around this out there in
  various desktops; that try to serialise the clipboard at various
  points - I guess this could be done before exit.

  Problems abound: eg. select 2^36 cells in a sheet, hit copy, exit
  LibreOffice - what happens ? ;-> but - that's always the way with big
  sheets I guess.

  Are you certain this is an unexpected bug ? :-)

Two blogs in 2010 by an interested student, Sarah Strong, provide readable background information:
  - GSoC: Clipboard Persistence for Ubuntu
  -  Clipboard managers for Ubuntu: Patching is hard, let's go shopping! ...for clipboard managers

She has also written ClipboardPersistence which deals with the issue. But note that this wiki page was last updated in 2010 and some links aren't functional; also, the list of applications that "work" and those that don't may be different now with LibreOffice still being a prominent member of the latter. To quote another LibreOffice developer, Björn Michaelsen, "since more and more other apps are using the workaround, we start to stick out".

Then, Ask Ubuntu also has information related to your question. Look at Why might I want to use a clipboard manager?

So, in answer to your question, just install Parcellite from the Software Center but keep in mind the potential performance cost.


I had the same problem. Thanks to Braiam I typed mount into the Terminal and checked the mounting point of the unwanted image in the output - in my case it was /home/my_username/the_unwanted_file - and then typed

sudo umount /home/my_username/the_unwanted_file

into the Terminal and worked like a charm for me. I hope it helps.

P.S. (Note that it's "Umount", not "UNmount" ;)


Apache 'You don't have permission to access / on this server'

Assuming you have a default Apache install, you should update the DocumentRoot directive inside /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default and have this it point to /media/Software/Program\ Files/wamp/www/

DocumentRoot   /media/Software/Program\ Files/wamp/www

Further infos can be found here: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/urlmapping.html


why i have unity 5.20.0 installed, if they are already making unity 8?

Think that's right: → look!.

Ubuntu 13.04 is coming up with Unity 7 → Additional information (German)

Why is it important for you to get a higher version of Unity? E. g. you could upgrade Ubuntu to Ubuntu 13.04…


How to make an ubuntu SDK dialog not stretch over the full mainview?

The Dialog will use the full screen if the screen is small, ie. if its width is smaller than a given width. This behaviour is not modifiable at the moment.


I uninstalled unity and now I don't have any desktop environment

This may do it:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop

Don't forget to logout and log back in, or restart for all the changes to appear.


Have you tried to do an autoremove, update and then try to install cmake?

sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install cmake


Changing my desktop enviroment to Gnome 3

Using Wily's (15.10) repositories, running the following:

sudo apt-get install gnome-shell ubuntu-gnome-desktop

installs GNOME Shell 3.16.4.

I'm not certain if it's the same on 14.04, however. Give it a try. To find out the version of gnome-shell you're running, you can do the following:

gnome-shell --version


moved ubuntu folder from C: to D: drive how to correct UUID entries

Hold down Shift key after selecting Ubuntu. Press E to edit grub entries manually if you know how. Then Ctrl+X to boot.

If you don't know how to edit the grub entries, press C to get to a grub prompt. Then enter the following:

search -s -f -n /ubuntu/disks/root.disk
probe --set=diskuuid -u $root
loopback loop0 /ubuntu/disks/root.disk
set root=(loop0)
linux /vmlinuz root=UUID=$diskuuid loop=/ubuntu/disks/root.disk ro quiet splash
initrd /initrd.img
boot

After booting, enter sudo update-grub to fix grub.cfg.


Ubuntu 14.04 (i386) can not accept NVidia Geforce2 MX 400

Why are you using the 331 driver from the edgers PPA? nvidia-331 is available directly from the Software Center.

Guessing at your specs, you might also have some trouble running Ubuntu with Unity. It is a little greedy on graphics, especially with that graphics card. Xubuntu with the XFCE environment might be a better option.


Xubuntu 14.04LTS - Software Updates - Hash Sum Mismatch

Sometimes the data doesn't match the checksum. This could be because you requested it at the exact wrong time, but it could also mean network errors. I have seen this many time and just waiting a few minutes and trying again usually works just fine.


How do you install drivers for the AMD Radeon R7 m360 graphics card?

I have been using this graphics card for a couple of days now (June 2016) with Xubuntu 16.04. I am using the open source driver provided by the system, though there is no mention made of this card being supported when one looks through Xorg logs. There seems to be a binary driver listed on the AMD website, but I have not tried it.

I did have to set "nomodeset" in /etc/default/grub and had to specify the screen resolution in the grub file to get it to boot decently, otherwise it was a no go. Hopefully AMD/ATI works on adding this card to the open source drivers they have been working on.


Chrome giving a Bus error (core dumped) error after manual fsck

This is a fairly heavy handed resolution, but it worked:

sudo apt-get remove --purge google-chrome-stable && sudo apt-get autoremove

Then I went to both ~/.config and ~/.cache and renamed the google-chrome folders to xgoogle-chrome in each just as backups (probably not necessary).

Reboot.

Reinstall from .deb


This is an alias for find . I think it is some abbreviation of "find directory" or "find details" To make one for yourself use the following in terminal,

echo -e "\nalias findd='find .'">>~/.bash_aliases

And source your ~/.bash_aliases as

. ~/.bash_aliases

If you do not have ~/.bash_aliases replace all ~/.bash_aliases above with ~/.bashrc


You shouldnt use such a old version
If you are worried about your hardware just install xubuntu or lubuntu which i recommend using xubuntu because of its good user interface
Plus i have to mention that i tested xubuntu 20.04 (the latest LTS version) on a 2.7 GHz dualcore cpu with 2 Gb of ram and it works perfectly so you have much better hardware than that old pc you will do good dont worry


Yes. Desktopcouch went through some rough patches during Natty, because we changed several things (both in desktopcouch itself, and in the libraries and services it depends on), but it will be stable by the time the beta comes out.


How can I resize physical volume with more than one logical volume

I already solved my issue.
I don't know if is the easier way to do this, but it worked for me.

I put another third drive on the machine, create a lvm group, lvm volumes and copy with dd the intire logical volume to this disk.
After that I removed the 3 lvms that was in the end of the disk and resized the extents partition, after the resize I recreated the lvms and copy again with dd.

After the process done, I was abble to copy the disk to the other disk.

Thanks anyway


Black screen on boot after updating libgdk-pixbuf2

Since you can log on with your CTRL+ ALT +F6. why not reinstall lightdm and reinstall unity desktop. The this two and give us feeds.


Pidgin will not open with upgrade to 12.04

The problem might be with your library which is not linked properly.

Open terminal and run sudo ldconfig.

This should fix the issue.


How to install Qt5 X11 Extras module in Ubuntu 12.04?

Are you sure you're talking about Ubuntu 12.04? Qt5 doesn't seem to be available in Ubuntu 12.04.

If you're talking about Ubuntu 14.04 or later, I think the package you want is named libqt5x11extras5-dev. Check if it's installed:

sudo apt-get install libqt5x11extras5-dev

UPDATE:

Qt X11 Extras was introduced in Qt 5.1, but the Ubuntu SDK team PPA (ppa:ubuntu-sdk-team/ppa), provides only Qt 5.0 for Ubuntu 12.04. After an extensive search, I failed to find a PPA that you could use. IMHO, you're left with 2 options:

Uninstall all Qt5 packages that you installed from PPA and install the latest Qt5 using the Qt Installer.
Upgrade to Ubuntu 14.04 (or later) and install libqt5x11extras5-dev.

UPDATE 2:

If you're still interested, there's new PPAs by Stephan Binner with recent Qt versions for Precise and Trusty. In order to not mess with Qt system packages, they're installed in /opt so you'll have to inform the correct path (/opt/qtXX/include/QtX11Extras) to your build tool.

Example: if you want x11extras from Qt 5.1, you could add the Qt 5.1.1 PPA:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:beineri/opt-qt511
sudo apt-get update

Then install qt-latest and qt51x11extras:

sudo apt-get install qt-latest qt51x11extras

The include files for x11extras will be in /opt/qt51/include/QtX11Extras.


Jupyter Notebooks Open in VSCode but not in Terminal

Jupyter notebook doesn't seems installed on your computer. I don't know if the jupyter notebook plugin included in vscode actually installs the standard jupyter-notebook command on your computer. In that case just run sudo apt install jupyter-notebook.
Also the command line for jupyter notebook is jupyter-notebook. It will start a jupyter notebook server that you can then join with your web browser (an url will be displayed).
EDIT: jupyter notebook works too, so it's probably just not installed.


Create ubuntu bootable disk through unetbootin software.


You need to talk to whoever gave that IP to you. Most likely they would need to reconfigure a router/firewall or 2 to make it happen. Also most likely this would be against the company policy and they would not do that.

If you created that IP yourself then you can't make it publicly accessible.

You will need to tell us more about your network topology if you want us to have a chance to help you.


Is it possible to use openstack from a remote computer to configure juju in my machine?

Juju doesn't really care where it is installed as long as it has access and credentials to the cloud you specify. This can be on your laptop/desktop or a shared instance in a VM.


Fan speeds up and slows down annoyingly on a Dell Latitude 5520

I had a similar issue on my Inspiron 5100 (long time ago).
I solved it with lm-sensors. You can install this package and then use sensors to view te sensor values.

You can also use it to regulate the fan speed. But be careful, you can burn your CPU if it's not finely cooled !

I found it: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=42737


Start a programs in terminal only by name

Let's say you want to execute a file called fun.py located on your Desktop using the command funny. Obviously, you'll need python for that, so the exact bash command would be python ~/Desktop/fun.py.

How to do that without having to change the PATH variable:

First create a file called funny with the following contents:

#! /bin/sh
python ~/Desktop/fun.py

and save it to a folder (let's say you have saved it on your Desktop folder).

If non-existent, create a folder named bin in your home directory.
Then execute the following commands from a terminal:

source .profile
chmod +x ~/Desktop/funny
mv ~/Desktop/funny ~/bin

You can now enter the command funny to execute the python script.


Ensure the Nvidia card which you are running is not restricted ( which includes the Nvidia driver as well) and if the display resolution is still wrong ??

Then proceed as follows:

First make sure that you have installed the application gksu:

Launch a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T and type (or copy/paste):

sudo apt-get install gksu

Press Enter and submit your password. Please note that the password will remain invisible, not even asterisks will show, which is normal.
Then type in the same terminal:

gksudo nvidia-settings

And press Enter.

Now you can configure your display with this nifty tool from Nvidia itself. Proceed as follows:

Click "X Server Display Configuration" (top left, second entry).

On the right in the window: click the tab "Display" (which should be opened already).

Resolution: click the button that says "Auto", and choose the display resolution that you want.

Click "Save to X Configuration File".

Click Close.
Reboot your computer. Now the display resolution should be right.


Ubuntu 20.04 battery life ASUS TUF FX505DT

You can improve your battery life by disabling few features that affect it. For example: lower your screen brightness and disable animations. Luckily there are some packages which help you achieve that such as Slimbook Battery, which you can install using apt:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:slimbook/slimbook

sudo apt update

sudo apt install slimbookbattery

Once you installed it, launch it from your Show Applications menu and you'll see a new icon appear on your ubuntu toolbar. You can choose from various battery modes but in your case you could use the "Energy saving" mode.


How to write in Telugu language in Ubuntu without using Google input tools extension?

Search for "Language Support" from the dash and this window will open:

Click on "Install/Remove Languages" and add Telugu as shown below

Now go to Languages within Settings and press the add button to add a language. Select telugu and your preferred form of input

After you add it, there'll be a language selector on the top right, allowing you to type in whichever language you want anywhere on Ubuntu


How can I cleanup a botched Truecrypt installation?

The locate command stores the list of files in a database. So those files could have been deleted, but still show up in the "locate" output. Enter the command sudo updatedb to update the database, then run your locate command again.


How to allocate partition? (while Installing Dualboot Ubuntu & existing Win7)

I don't know why the numbers don't sum up

The numbers do seem to add up; Ubuntu is suggesting that you install Ubuntu on the disk with the most free space (the one windows calls D:). It's now:

[ 111 gb free | 60 gb used ] (All Windows)

Ubuntu is suggesting:

[ 100 gb Ubuntu | 60 gb Windows ]

However, I'd like to warn you that moving data within partitions (as is the case here) is dangerous. You really should backup all your data on D: before doing this, unless you don't care about losing it. When you've done that, you can setup the partitions however you like. I'd recommend atleast 30 Gb for Ubuntu to be safe, but depending on what OS you expect to use the most, you might want to use more or less. You could even use all of D: for Ubuntu, and the other disk only for Windows.


How to remove "Ubuntu" from Boot Menu after deleting Ubuntu partition in Windows 10 (Dual Boot)

I've successfully executed this solution below to my problem:

In BIOS, change Boot Sequence to allow booting from USB (containing Ubuntu)

In GRUB, select Try Ubuntu without installing

Once in Ubuntu, press Ctrl+Alt+T to bring up Terminal

Type sudo efibootmgr to list all the entries in Boot Menu. If the command doesn't exist, then do sudo apt install efibootmgr.

Find Ubuntu in the menu and note down its boot number e.g. 1 in Boot0001

Type sudo efibootmgr -b <boot number> -B to delete the entry from Boot Menu. E.g. sudo efibootmgr -b 1 -B

-b: modify boot number -B: delete boot number
There after, all I did was to switch Windows Boot Manager back up to the top of the Boot Menu > go back to Windows 10 > Create and format hard disk partitions and extended my Windows C:\ Drive partition to merge with the free space where it came from my deleted Ubuntu drive.

Reference (with images): How to remove Ubuntu from Dual Boot


If you are using Docky 2.1 or later, there should be a sound notification when the timer expires. The version in the Maverick repositories is 2.0, so you will need to install Docky from the Development PPA for this feature.

Also, make sure you have system sounds enabled: System ➜ Preferences ➜ Sound and select the Ubuntu theme.


You can use Ctrl+K to delete a line.

But strictly speaking Ctrl+k does not delete lines permanently. The most recent set of deletions are stored in a buffer. These lines may be re-inserted at the current cursor location using Ctrl+U. You can use this to cut and paste.

Here you can find some useful shortcuts of nano


repeated OpenPGP passphrase popup when opening encrypted email

Very likely, the sender chose not to include the recipient's (yours) key as reference in the encrypted message. This results in extended privacy (as the encryption headers do not leak the recipient), but increases the hassles for the recipient. GnuPG can only derive the proper key by trying all of them.

For e-mail, this does not seem to be a reasonable thing to me for normal use cases: the recipient is listed in the message envelope and headers, anyway. Tell the sender not to be over-cautious, especially when there is no advantage in privacy at all.

You can verify by running gpg --list-packets on the message to see whether the recipient is included or not (might get a little bit more difficult for PGP/MIME encrypted mails):

$ echo foo | gpg --hidden-recipient a4ff2279 --encrypt | gpg --batch --list-packets
:pubkey enc packet: version 3, algo 1, keyid 0000000000000000
    data: [4091 bits]
[ a lot of "trying secret key" messages follow ]


Forward server host to localhost :

ssh -L localhost:22:localhost:22 user@host

or

ssh -N -f -L serverhost:22:localhost:22 user@server1

After reading your question again.

You want to ssh into server1 :

ssh user@server1

Then you want to ssh into server2:

Into new terminal from client do:

ssh user@server1
ssh user@server2

Then you have 2 connections:

client to server 1
client to server 1 ==> server 2

If you want to have:

client to server 1
client to server 2 (With same key.)

Just do following command.

On client:

Use tmux or open 2 terminals

ssh user@server1

In new terminal:

ssh user@server2


There is no fix method of finding a command. But man -k may help you somewhat.

According to man man

man -k printf
       Search the short descriptions and manual page names for the keyword
       printf  as  regular expression.  Print out any matches.  Equivalent
       to apropos -r printf.

For example, if I want to search for a version control system, I may try

man -k 'version control'|grep ' (1)'

which shows

bzr (1)              - Bazaar next-generation distributed version control

But it did not show git, because it's short description is

git (1)              - the stupid content tracker

which does not match regexp "version control".


You can download its packages from Ubuntu 19.10 and install them manually:
mkdir -p ~/Downloads/amule
cd ~/Downloads/amule

wget http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/a/amule/amule_2.3.2-6_amd64.deb
wget http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/a/amule/amule-common_2.3.2-6_all.deb
wget http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/w/wxwidgets3.0/libwxgtk3.0-0v5_3.0.4+dfsg-12_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install ./*.deb