I suggest, as a start, that you update the firmware. From the terminal:

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.161_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux*.deb

Reboot and test. If this is ineffective, then check the settings in the router. WPA2-AES is preferred; not any WPA and WPA2 mixed mode and certainly not TKIP. Second, if your router is capable of N speeds, you may have better connectivity with a channel width of 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band instead of automatic 20/40 MHz, although it is likely to affect N speeds. I also have better luck with a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.

Next, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Check yours:

sudo iw reg get

If you get 00, that is a one-size-maybe-fits-all setting. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Then set it temporarily:

sudo iw reg set IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Set it permanently:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/crda

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit.

Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

Next, I'd set IPv6 to Ignore in Network Manager: http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/18/html/Installation_Guide/images/netconfig/network-connections-ipv6-ignore.png  This example is for ethernet, but you want wireless.


Since there are no other answers, I will try to help with some remarks.

In general, it is possible to setup your system in such a way that plugging an audio interface (say, via USB) would trigger a change in, say, sound volume. For this you will need to:

create a new (or modify an existing) Udev rule so that plugging/unplugging a specific external soundcard launches a specific application (presumably a script).
create a Bash script that performs the necessary changes in the configuration of your sound system. For example, you might create several sound mixer profiles in different files, and have your script set a symlink to the desired profile.

Both steps are non-trivial, but realizable nonetheless.


How to install and configure Mozilla SpiderMonkey js engine in Ubuntu Server 16.04

SpiderMonkey is the code-name for the Mozilla's C++ implementation of  JavaScript. It is intended to be embedded in other applications that provide host environments for JavaScript.

Ubuntu 21.04
To install SpiderMonkey in Ubuntu 18.04-20.04 open the terminal and type:
sudo apt install libmozjs-78-0 libmozjs-78-dev

To start Mozilla's SpiderMonkey engine, which can also be used as an interactive interpreter, from the terminal type:
js78

Ubuntu 20.04-20.10
To install SpiderMonkey in Ubuntu 18.04-20.04 open the terminal and type:
sudo apt install libmozjs-68-0 libmozjs-68-dev

To start Mozilla's SpiderMonkey engine, which can also be used as an interactive interpreter, from the terminal type:
js68

To exit from js68:
quit()

Ubuntu 18.04-20.10
To install SpiderMonkey in Ubuntu 18.04-20.04 open the terminal and type:
sudo apt install libmozjs-52-0 libmozjs-52-dev

To start Mozilla's SpiderMonkey engine, which can also be used as an interactive interpreter, from the terminal type:
js52

To exit from js52:
quit()

Ubuntu 16.04-17.10
To install SpiderMonkey in Ubuntu 16.04-17.10 open the terminal and type:
sudo apt install libmozjs-24-0v5 libmozjs-24-bin

To start Mozilla's SpiderMonkey engine, which can also be used as an interactive interpreter, from the terminal type:
js24

To exit from js24:
quit()

For additional information about how to execute JavaScript without a web browser see: Executing JavaScript without a browser?. In particular I recommend that you run the foo.js example code at the end of rbrito's answer.
My example code:
#!/usr/bin/js
var animal = "dog";
var count = 2;
console.log("The", animal, "ate", count, "biscuits.");

Results:
The dog ate 2 biscuits.


Sync icon in every file or folder after uninstall overgrive

I had the same problem, very annoying. I fixed it by using Déjà Dup Backup Tool, backed up the folder with annoying icon to my Google drive, deleted it from my computer. Then restored it from my Google drive using Deja Dup. All the icons were removed from every folder. Hope it helps! Also Deja Dup is a great backup tool!


Where to get Linux Kernel '4.15.0-1053-oem' for Lenovo ThinkPad P1 Gen 2?

The -oem branch of the kernel is used by the Ubuntu Kernel Team.

Take a look at their wiki page for a lot of good information.

Basically, OEM kernels are temporary workarounds for new OEM hardware until the next stock kernel is created. In other words, the features of an 18.04 OEM kernel should have been rolled into stock 18.10, 19.04, 19.10, etc. newer kernels. There are no OEM kernel packages in the repositories - they are merely compiled for the OEM.

Try your hardware with the current (19.10) kernel, and see if it solves your problem. If not, you can visit the OEM kernel code repository, pull rev 1053, and compile it yourself if you happen to have those skills. Generally, compiling it yourself should NOT be necessary. The Ubuntu kernel devs work very hard to fold new features into the stock kernel in a timely manner.

Note that the testing result page that you linked to did not indicate full compatibility with some audio hardware. Happily, almost two years later, there is a good likelihood that newer kernels may work better with that hardware.


Bug in kernel starts with 4.4.0-67, workaround: remove DVD from the VM.
Works in my case.


How to make Ubuntu Switcher bring to front windows while I'm holding "Alt+Tab"?

You can enable Shift Switcher plugin from CompizConfig Settings Manager . The default key combination is Shift+Supe+S, but you can change this combination as you wish. It looks something like this:

[Click on image to enlarge]

Also, using CompizConfig Settings Manager you have many other options in this sense. Just test them and choose what you like.


using gnome-disks/terminal to format usb drive in ubuntu 12.10, FAT32

GParted is by far the best option. The picture you showed is normal, as you have to unmount the partition before you can format it.

The terminal command you gave, at a guess, might just create a new partition table of type 'vfat'.


Using Previous Directories in Reinstalling Ubuntu 19.04

Yes.

Personally I always use 'something else' and pick my prior partitions; using this method I control the 'format' or no-format.

You don't need to format your / partition; it'll

note your extra packages installed
wipe system directories
install
add-back additional packages you had before (if available)

all without touching your user files (unless you had format checked). These options work the same if have a single partition too (with Ubuntu), but do be careful of the format checkbox.  (and of course, firstly check your already created backups)


After boot,try to start desktop manager:

 sudo service lightdm start

then check if lightdm is default desktop manager:

 cat /etc/X11/default-display-manager

if not, edit file with:

/usr/sbin/lightdm (or /usr/bin/lightdm)

Reboot and lightdm should start.


How to noninteractively add Certificate Authority (CA) ssl certificates from script

I found lots of cool stuff around altering the debconf database to have the questions in the UI preseeded, but it didn't actually change anything for me.
Ultimately, what got it working for me was to figure out what dpkg-reconfigure is likely doing and then just do it myself (via script). It wasn't actually that much.

Copy your .crt certs to /usr/share/ca-certificates/your.domain.tld

Symlink these certs you added to /usr/share/ca-certificates/your.domain.tld in to /etc/ssl/certificates/

Make sure /etc/ca-certificates.conf contain a line for your certs like:
your.domain.tld/issuing_ca.crt
your.domain.tld/root_ca.crt

Notice that those lines do NOT start with !, that would deselect these certs. For this step, I used:

sed -i ... to make sure these lines had no leading !

bash conditional to check if these lines even existed, e.g.:
if [ ! grep -q "your.domain.tld/issuing_ca.crt" /etc/ca-certificates.conf ] ; then

if the lines didn't exist, I added them with:
cat [filename] >> /etc/ca-certificates.conf

Run sudo update-ca-certificates.
(This combines all the certs in /etc/ssl/certs to make a single ca-certificates.crt that applications use.)


Possible to limit the size of a window (such as a browser window) to exact pixel dimensions?

If you're using Compiz (installed by default) there is a Window Rules plugin that can do this.  If you need this for web development, then you will be better off with various plugins specific to each browser; otherwise you may find this helpful.

Open CompizConfig Settings Manager1 from System → Preferences.  Navigate to the Window Rules plugin in the Window Management category (you'll see #1 below).  In the Size rules tab, add a new rule (#2), grab the criteria by clicking on the window (#3, #4).  Enter the size (you can see I previously added an example rule for Opera at 800x600), and this size will be used when matching windows are created.  You can prevent resizing in the Matches tab (Non resizable windows option) of the same plugin with similar matching rules (i. e. class=whatever).

The related and handy Place Windows plugin can be used to specify initial locations for windows.

1 Not installed by default. Install the compizconfig-settings-manager and compiz-plugins-extra packages. You need the second package as it gives the Window Rules option in Compiz.


In the kernel package name "2.6.35-28-generic-pae", what does the 28 mean?

The "28" from your example is added by Canonical's Ubuntu Kernel Team, as a way to track the version of the Application Binary Interface (ABI). When a kernel update requires that internal structures change, modules will no longer run correctly and must be recompiled. This is true for both Ubuntu kernel modules in other packages, and for third party modules.

Note that even though it's the 4th number in a set of numbers near the kernel version, it does not have anything to do with the "bug fix" serial number used by the upstream version. To see which "bug fix" serial number a given Ubuntu kernel is based on, see the contents of /proc/version_signature:

$ cat /proc/version_signature
Ubuntu 2.6.32-30.59-server 2.6.32.29+drm33.13

In this case, it is upstream's 2.6.32.29 kernel, with Ubuntu patches. It is the Ubuntu kernel's 30th ABI revision, and 59th upload of the 2.6.32-based upstream kernel.

To see the changes between kernel (or any) package versions, see /usr/share/doc/NAME-OF-PACKAGE/changelog.Debian.gz. For example:

$ zless /usr/share/doc/linux-image-$(uname -r)/changelog.Debian.gz
...


Can ping to other router subnet but cannot ping host to host

After a few hours, I solved the problem.

Host A:

route add default gw 192.168.1.12
route del default gw 192.168.1.11

Host B:

route add default gw 192.168.3.2
route del default gw 192.168.3.1


Nvidia hybrid solutions are not supported by the current driver. You need to make further adjustments to make your system run with a hybrid solution. The most common and known to work is Bumblebee.

Bumblebee and your graphics card were already largely discussed here. Have a look.

Basic recommendation is stay away from hybrid, nvidia does not give driver support for linux on those yet!


Pre defined voice software for Ubuntu 12.04

You can use text2wave  that comes with festival for the purpose.

To install festival, open a terminal and type

sudo apt-get install festival

Now open a terminal and type,

text2wave -o ./filename.wav ./filename.txt

Where ./filename.wav is the file where converted audio will be saved and ./filename.txt is the file from which text is taken.You can also use pdfs.

You can also pipe the output of some command to text2wave. For example

echo "This is some text"|text2wave -o ./filename.wav

The output may not be as good as you expect, so to increase the quality of voices, follow this tutorial on ubuntu forums.

  NOTE: There is an simple yet excellent tool called spd-say preinstalled in Ubuntu. The problem is that it only outputs to audio device and not a file.


Boot into the Ubuntu live CD for the version of Ubuntu that you have installed and run Boot-Repair.  Alternatively, you can repair it from the terminal if you are that advanced.

sudo grub-install /dev/XXX

where XXX is the device of your Ubuntu install.


Uninstall it with sudo npm uninstall npm -g


The following packages have unmet dependencies (apache)

First go back to a state there all dependencies are satisfied:

 sudo apt-get install -f

Try to remove all apache stuff:

 sudo dpkg --purge --force-depends "apache*"

Reinstall now all necessary dependencies:

 sudo apt-get install -f

Now you can give the apache installation a new try.
If the problem persists, please provide more informations.


Installing Nvidia Drivers / Power Use bug

I figured out a fix.

While having nvidia-390 installed I couldn't install nvidia-driver-396 as the terminal would just spit out errors that I couldn't fix.

The newest drivers refused to download and install until the point where I ran

sudo apt remove nvidia-390
sudo apt-get purge nvidia*

(I also ran sudo apt-get purge bumblebee* since I wasn't sure if that had installed anything related to nvidia)

Once that was done I ran

sudo apt-get install nvidia-driver-396

And it worked perfectly. I still can't see the name of my video card in Ubuntu itself, but everything seems to be working just fine.


The problem here is the dependencies, package suggestions and recommendations.
At first - there is no binary xorg-server package in the repositories, this is the name of source code package, so there are binary packages which were built from it.
So you have to install one of them with
sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-core --no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests

To install Openbox with minimal dependencies use:
sudo apt-get install openbox --no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests

For correct Xorg initialisation you have to install xinit package by:
sudo apt-get install xinit

Finally you need to install the login manager like Slim with:
sudo apt-get install slim

And then reboot or launch slim manually by sudo service slim start.
Notes:

The resulting system installed from mini.iso will contain about 500 packages.
If you want to have easy way and do not really care about 50 extra packages - use simple one command to install all the stuff - sudo apt-get install xinit openbox slim .


It would be helpful to know what model of Nvivia you have as some of the solutions are different.

The most common solution is to edit the xorg.conf file.
(note: Your xorg.conf is not created by default in 11.10. It can be manually created in /etc/X11/)

you can add the line:

  Option "NvAGP" "1"

I also had to modify grub by uncommenting the line GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 and changing it to:

  GRUB_GFXMODE=1280x1024

You would use your screens resolution.

There are other possible solutions that you should check out here:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DebuggingKernelSuspendHibernateResume

I hope these help you.


What is the complete procedure to update a kernel module currently in use?

If you update a module for the currently running kernel, you need to discontinue use of the module (ie: umount all the filesystems), rmmod zfs, have the new module available, and modprobe zfs to load it again.  Rebooting is usually easier, but you may find example elsewhere to help accomplish this while the system is running, if desired.

# # Stop using the module
# rmmod zfs
# modprobe zfs

If you wish to automatically compile and install updates for a module each time you update your kernel, you may be interested in DKMS.  There is a great DKMS Packaging Guide which discusses this in detail.

The idea is that you have a module, or some change to the kernel that you want applied with each kernel update.  You can automate the compiling and installation of the modules when apt updates the kernel used.  You can find good examples of this with VirtualBox as well with some NVIDIA DKMS drivers.

Another good example that shows how to set this up is patjak's bcwc_pcie.  The procedure to have bcwc_pcie, or facetimehd module compiled against and made available to new kernels is documented:

Setting up DKMS (auto-compile on kernel update)

This assumes you have already followed the Debian/Ubuntu deb package steps. You will need to verify dkms.conf that the module name facetimehd and version number 0.1 are correct and either update the dkms.conf or adjust the instructions where -m and -v are used.

Install needed packages: # apt install debhelper dkms
Remove old package if installed: # dpkg -r bcwc-pcie
Make a directory to work from: # mkdir /usr/src/facetimehd-0.1
Change into the git repo dir: $ cd bcwc_pcie
Copy files over: # cp -r * /usr/src/facetimehd-0.1/
Change into that dir: # cd /usr/src/facetimehd-0.1/
Remove any previous debs and backups: # rm backup-*tgz bcwc-pcie_*deb
Clear out previous compile: # make clean
Register the new module with DKMS: # dkms add -m facetimehd -v 0.1
Build the module: # dkms build -m facetimehd -v 0.1
Build a Debian source package: # dkms mkdsc -m facetimehd -v 0.1 --source-only
Build a Debian binary package: # dkms mkdeb -m facetimehd -v 0.1 --source-only
Copy deb locally: # cp /var/lib/dkms/facetimehd/0.1/deb/facetimehd-dkms_0.1_all.deb /root/
Get rid of the local build files: # rm -r /var/lib/dkms/facetimehd/
Install the new deb package: # dpkg -i /root/facetimehd-dkms_0.1_all.deb

If you have any trouble, please read this guide on making a DKMS package:
http://www.xkyle.com/building-linux-packages-for-kernel-drivers/

The only part missing from this bcwc_pcie example is that this codebase isn't updated, while the module code you are compiling may change over time.  This can be most easily done if you can find a latest download, vs specific versions of the source you're trying to compile.

We can look at the dkms.conf at the DKMS Community Doc:

$ cat dkms.conf
MAKE="make -C src/ KERNELDIR=/lib/modules/${kernelver}/build"
CLEAN="make -C src/ clean"
BUILT_MODULE_NAME=awesome
BUILT_MODULE_LOCATION=src/
PACKAGE_NAME=awesome
PACKAGE_VERSION=1.1
REMAKE_INITRD=yes

  You can also add options to call scripts before or after build or install, provide additional (conditional) make commands, patch commands, etc. The dkms.conf is in fact sourced into a shell script, so a fair amount of trickery can be done if necessary. These options and more are described in the dkms.conf section in man dkms.

and man page:

  PRE_BUILD=
  The name of the script to be run before a build is performed. The  path  should  be given relative to the root directory of your source.

You can create a directory to contain a script which downloads and extracts the latest version of ZFS in preparation for the build. This will help to automate the process.  You could use git or download and extract the latest source.  Here is an example of how to determine the latest download URL for ZFS:

$ curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/zfsonlinux/zfs/releases/latest | jq '.assets[].browser_download_url' | tr -d '"' | grep -E 'tar.gz$'
https://github.com/zfsonlinux/zfs/releases/download/zfs-0.8.1/zfs-0.8.1.tar.gz

You mention a complication with systemd services being disabled.  Does setting up your own ZFS dkms setup resolve this issue?  Do you have packages installed that rely on the actual zfs-dkms package that would cause it to conflict?  At the very least, you could hook into POST_INSTALL and run systemctl enable to enable whatever services are being disabled.

That being said, ZFS is a pretty popular filesystem, and should have a DKMS package already available.  It seems that this is true, and that zfs-dkms is available in universe.  You can look into specifics of this package and see if this already available zfs-dkms does the trick for you.


`ubuntu--vg-swap_1 is not ready or not present` whenever I boot, what it means?

I have just started with Ubuntu so perhaps someone more knowledgeable can shed some more light on the issue; however, I was getting the same error message and in my case at least, it seemed to be related to the encryption of the swap partition.

It seems that when you choose the "encrypt home directory" option during the install, this also encrypts your swap partition. I am guessing that because your swap partition is encrypted it is not seen during the boot sequence and the "... --vg-swap_1 is not ready or not present" message appears.

I re-installed and chose not to "encrypt the home directory" which seems to prevent the "... --vg-swap_1 is not ready or not present" message from showing. So this solution to preventing the error message should be balanced against the lack of encryption.

Good luck!


How to enable a user to login through FTP?

You can see an excellent guide below

http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=3138955&postcount=1


Why is ufw logging 'BLOCK' messages regarding a port for which ufw is configured to 'ALLOW' connections?

The thread referenced by Caffeine Coma indicates this is related to low-level technicalities in closing TCP network connections... Obscure and subtle differences between the way operating systems (Windows, Mac, Linux) handle connection termination apparently result in some harmless confusion between server and client, and this somehow results in the above-described log messages.

I don't entirely understand the technicalities, nor why this would lead to UFW "BLOCK" log messages, but I'll take it, as it's the only answer I've come across that makes any sense, and I've seen no other symptom of something being wrong on my server -- only these harmless (albeit annoying) UFW log messages.

Refer to the mentioned forum thread for a more technical explanation.


How to execute a script when workspace changed?

I would suggest looking for a D-Bus signal that is emitted whenever you switch workspaces.

Try to run dbus-monitor to check which signals are emitted while you do that. See also this question about how to read the dbus-monitor output.

There are Python bindings for D-Bus which you can use to write a script that closes existing windows when this signal is emitted. You can kill a process using Python's os.kill function.


I did see on another post here that someone said that there were going to be no more Pro 5's released. However, there would be more Ubuntu edition phones released in time. How long that will be is currently unclear. I do see that there are a few people on here that wish that had of got the Pro 5 and therefore I would imagine will jump on the new phones when released.


Ubuntu 16.04; external monitor; after reboot, no longer working as dual monitor, only working as mirrored

Here is a work-around that I found working. Before booting up, remove HDMI cable from the external monitor, then boot with just the built-in display, then plug in the HDMI cable, turn on the power to the external monitor, never use Nvidia X Sever Setting app, then the expanded display would work as expected.

Must removing the cable from the monitor. Removing the cable from Alienware laptop, while connecting to the monitor, even without power supply to the monitor, would still let the external monitor influence the booting procedure, causing above mentioned display problems.

Nvidia X Server Setting app has been found messing up the display setup.

Resuming from suspend, should still work, without removing the cable.


Belkin N600 USB Wireless adapter on Ubuntu 12.04

The only known way to get this device working is ndiswrapper. ndiswrapper is a driver wrapper that only works with Windows XP drivers; Vista, 7 or 8 will not work. Please obtain a temporary wired ethernet connection and we'll install the ndiswrapper suite. Open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get install ndiswrapper-common ndiswrapper-utils-1.9

Since yours is an older machine, I will assume it is a 32-bit machine; confirm:

arch

If it returns 'i686,' then yours is a 32-bit install and we'll proceed. If not, stop and tell us and we'll change a thing or two. Download this file to your desktop: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/58267392/Broadcom_bcm43xx_USB_32_64bit_v2_amended.zip (from my personal Dropbox). Right-click it and select 'Extract Here.' Back to the terminal:

cd ~/Desktop/Broadcom

Press Tab and the remainder of the file name will fill in automagically; press Enter.

sudo ndiswrapper -i bcmn43xx32.inf

Now check the install:

ndiswrapper -l

It ought to report: bcmn43xx32 : driver installed
    device (050D:615A) present

sudo depmod -a
sudo modprobe ndiswrapper

If there are any errors, post them and we'll do our best to sort them out.

In some cases,even though you installed ndiswrapper from Ubuntu sources, it doesn't install properly; the remedy is to download and compile it yourself. Please get a temporary wired ethernet connection and do:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential

Now download this file to your desktop: http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/ndiswrapper/stable/ndiswrapper-1.59.tar.gz  Right-click it and select 'Extract Here.' Then do:

cd ~/Desktop/ndiswrapper-1.59
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe ndiswrapper

If the device is not working as expected, look for clues here:

dmesg | grep ndis

If the output is extensive, post the result here and give us the link in your reply: http://paste.ubuntu.com/

To get the module to load on boot, open a terminal and do:

sudo -i
echo ndiswrapper >> /etc/modules
exit

You should be all set.


Thanks to Terrance's comment, I found the answer.

You can simply do find -readable -size 1033c, that finds a readable file with the size of 1033 bytes.


In "Disks" utility, choose your relevant drive, then press Ctrl + e to open Drive Settings, in Standby tab, you can edit standby timeout settings.


How to securely retrieve ubuntu kernel source code?

Is apt-get signed by the ubuntu team?

Well, the dsc file is signed and contains hashes of the files to be downloaded:

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA512

Format: 1.0
Source: linux
...
Checksums-Sha1:
 180ab617036593212274177eff3a67f437c1b5ea 132860730 linux_4.4.0.orig.tar.gz
 be23819008464f4aa49bed094d19aac086f16572 13880183 linux_4.4.0-112.135.diff.gz
Checksums-Sha256:
 730e75919b5d30a9bc934ccb300eaedfdf44994ca9ee1d07a46901c46c221357 132860730 linux_4.4.0.orig.tar.gz
 b5b6adc87ea98ffa48d31aee2ee5ec301a01c2b4fa64fa20d1564a4e95bdd6ad 13880183 linux_4.4.0-112.135.diff.gz
Files:
 2070b49688e8d7ee7ff4c33590afc698 132860730 linux_4.4.0.orig.tar.gz
 b349ae228d1659789e713b8ff2262eac 13880183 linux_4.4.0-112.135.diff.gz

So a signed dsc file with checksums of the tarballs in it ~ closest you'll get to signed source code.

  I mean, will my computer verify the signature when I download it?

It does try. apt-get does attempt to verify it:

$ apt-get source linux-image-4.4.0-87-generic
Reading package lists... Done
Picking 'linux' as source package instead of 'linux-image-4.4.0-87-generic'
NOTICE: 'linux' packaging is maintained in the 'Git' version control system at:
git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/xenial
Please use:
git clone git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/xenial
to retrieve the latest (possibly unreleased) updates to the package.
Need to get 147 MB of source archives.
Get:1 ftp://ftp.iitb.ac.in//os/ubuntu/archives/ubuntu xenial-security/main linux 4.4.0-112.135 (dsc) [9,712 B]
Get:2 ftp://ftp.iitb.ac.in//os/ubuntu/archives/ubuntu xenial-security/main linux 4.4.0-112.135 (tar) [133 MB]
Get:3 ftp://ftp.iitb.ac.in//os/ubuntu/archives/ubuntu xenial-security/main linux 4.4.0-112.135 (diff) [13.9 MB]
Fetched 147 MB in 4s (31.8 MB/s)
gpgv: Signature made Fri 19 Jan 2018 17:14:04 IST using RSA key ID CBEECEA3
gpgv: Can't check signature: public key not found
dpkg-source: warning: failed to verify signature on ./linux_4.4.0-112.135.dsc
dpkg-source: info: extracting linux in linux-4.4.0
dpkg-source: info: unpacking linux_4.4.0.orig.tar.gz
dpkg-source: info: applying linux_4.4.0-112.135.diff.gz
dpkg-source: info: upstream files that have been modified:

But in my case it didn't succeed because I hadn't imported the corresponding key yet. The dsc files are usually signed by the developer who created it, and AFAICT there is no single place where all such keys are listed. The various Ubuntu developers are members of various groups on Launchpad, and the Launchpad profiles of the developers should list their GPG keys. For example, see the Ubuntu Kernel Uploaders team, or the combined Ubuntu Developers team (which in turn includes many other teams).

In this specific case, the signer is Canonical employee Stefan Bader. You can fetch the key from the Ubuntu keyserver, but you might want to do so using HKPS.

  Is there a way I can verify myself the signature with an alternative
  method?

The dscverify tool can be used for that.

  I can see that git tags are signed, but I can't get the public keys
  and neither can I verify that these public keys are secure (are they signed
  by the Ubuntu team?)

Well, going by Stefan Bader's or Andy Whitcroft's (who seems to have signed this tag, for example) keyserver listings, yes.


wifi connected but no internet, is this the end?

Please open a terminal and do:

gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

A new, empty file will open. Add one line:

options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1

Proofread, save and close gedit. Reboot and let us hear your report.


How I can assign sdc/sdd to my usb drives

I am going to suggest you do two things,

Use UUIDs instead of /dev/sd* in your fstab so that it is not messed up.
Get you started with udev so you can make your thumb drives appear as /dev/whatever

Section 1.
Ensure that all the devices listed in your fstab are plugged into the system. Wait a few seconds and then type
ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid

This will give you something that looks like the following:total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Sep 24 20:19 4e36d61c-e6f4-4a1a-b760-45ee5a76e141 -> ../../sdc2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Sep 24 20:19 52a04f5d-2576-48d1-8340-544cc24e0fcd -> ../../sdc3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Sep 24 20:19 55a1d85d-e5f5-416e-adf7-3aed3e6309f1 -> ../../sdc1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Sep 24 20:19 5c8c3b19-5550-4411-8fc3-692aa94bb4af -> ../../dm-1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Sep 24 20:19 8bfea793-5cb2-480c-a4e3-2b3c331463bb -> ../../sdb3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Sep 24 20:19 a369bc5e-3bf0-454b-b04d-2936e343e959 -> ../../dm-0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Sep 24 20:19 e57e2838-2c56-43c3-b4b8-de0743c67181 -> ../../sdb2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Sep 24 20:19 f7772f0f-19d7-4ced-b0a0-b543e4bd54fe -> ../../dm-2

Now look up what you have in your fstab. Everywhere you have something like /dev/sdc1 I want you to replace it with something like UUID=55a1d85d-e5f5-416e-adf7-3aed3e6309f1. What this will do is tell mount to use the UUID to identify a device instead of it's location under /dev. These UUID are unique and last the lifetime of the filesystem.
Section 2.
udev is the service that is responsible for placing block devices (and other devices) under /dev in Ubuntu. You can actually write your own rules for udev that instruct it to make symlinks under /dev in a consistent way. The way udev works is that everytime a device is attached it scans a long list of rules and takes the actions specified by any that match. The matching is done by inspecting a bunch of parameters of the device such as, UUID, port it is plugged into, PCI address, etc. So you can identify your thumb drive by the filesystem's UUID and have a rule to map that to /dev/myThumbDrive and use /dev/myThumbDrive anywhere you would normally use /dev/sda1 (for example).
You can find a list of attributes to identify your drive with by typing
udevadm info -n /dev/sde --attribute-walk

looking at device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.2/0000:05:00.0/usb8/8-1/8-1:1.0/host6/target6:0:0/6:0:0:0/block/sde/sde1':
  KERNEL=="sde1"
  SUBSYSTEM=="block"
  DRIVER==""
  ATTR{partition}=="1"
  ATTR{start}=="1"
  ATTR{size}=="24242084"
  ATTR{ro}=="0"
  ...

looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.2/0000:05:00.0/usb8/8-1/8-1:1.0/host6/target6:0:0/6:0:0:0/block/sde':
 KERNELS=="sde"
 SUBSYSTEMS=="block"
 DRIVERS==""
 ATTRS{range}=="16"
 ATTRS{ext_range}=="256"
 ATTRS{removable}=="1"
 ATTRS{ro}=="0"
 ATTRS{size}=="31250432"
 ATTRS{alignment_offset}=="0"
 ATTRS{discard_alignment}=="0"
 ATTRS{capability}=="51"
 ...

looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.2/0000:05:00.0/usb8/8-1/8-1:1.0/host6/target6:0:0/6:0:0:0':
 KERNELS=="6:0:0:0"
 SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi"
 DRIVERS=="sd"
 ATTRS{device_blocked}=="0"
 ATTRS{type}=="0"
 ATTRS{scsi_level}=="3"
 ATTRS{vendor}=="SanDisk "
 ATTRS{model}=="Cruzer          "
 ATTRS{rev}=="1.00"
 ...

looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.2/0000:05:00.0/usb8/8-1/8-1:1.0/host6/target6:0:0':
 ....

looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.2/0000:05:00.0/usb8/8-1/8-1:1.0/host6':
 ....

looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.2/0000:05:00.0/usb8/8-1/8-1:1.0':
 ...
 SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
 DRIVERS=="usb-storage"

looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.2/0000:05:00.0/usb8/8-1':
 ....
 ATTRS{idVendor}=="0781"
 ATTRS{idProduct}=="5530"
 ....
 ATTRS{manufacturer}=="SanDisk"
 ATTRS{product}=="Cruzer"
 ATTRS{serial}=="20043513610A15E24E49"

looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.2/0000:05:00.0/usb8':
 ....

looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.2/0000:05:00.0':
 ....

looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.2':
 ....

looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00':
 ....

And then you can create a rule that looks something like this:
KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{model}=="USB 2.0 Storage Device", SYMLINK+="myThumbDrive%n"

So that /dev/myThumbDrive1 can be used instead of /dev/sd[a-z]1
Alternate Method
This is too much typing of UUID's for my taste. Maybe it will be easier for you.
http://scnr.net/blog/index.php/archives/132


mysqld gives errcode:13 because it can't create test files

I ran into the same issue, after the upgrade from Oneiric to Precise, which upgrades MySQL from 5.1 to 5.5.

In my case, the problem was that

/etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld

was missing, even though it was included from

/etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld

by default. A simple

sudo touch /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld

solved the issue for me.

For those searching: the logfile that holds the interesting information is /var/log/upstart/mysql. There will be nothing in /var/log/mysql(*|/*)

What you see may include:

sudo service mysql start results in

start: Job failed to start
Manually trying to start mysqld as a regular user will fail as usual (before the issue above comes into play), because the user doesn't have access to /var/lib/mysql (this can be found in the syslog).
Starting mysqld as root will succeed (I don't know why)


You can use two log files to view the boot problem.

/var/log/boot.log  ---  System boot log

/var/log/dmesg     ---  print or control the kernel ring buffer

Just use dmesg in terminal to view event occurred since boot.


I use Xubuntu thus my GUI is XFCE.  There is a power management plug in, be sure it is an 'item' on a panel (probably panel 0)


Defining virtual interfaces in /etc/network/interfaces:

auto eth0.10
iface eth0.10 inet static
    address 192.168.1.61
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    gateway 192.168.1.11

auto eth0.10:1
iface eth0.10:1 inet static
    address 10.20.100.100
    netmask 255.255.255.0

auto eth0.10:2
iface eth0.10:2 inet static
    address 10.20.100.200
    netmask 255.255.255.0

From How do I configure two IP addresses on a specific vlan

update

Okay, have you seen another answer from that topic:

auto eth0.10
iface eth0.10 inet static
    address 192.168.1.61
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    post-up ip address add 192.168.1.62 dev $IFACE

It looks very similar to your script... And can run custom scripts.


You can use Chromium from the Debian buster repository.
For example, if your Ubuntu release is eoan (19.10):

Remove Ubuntu chromium packages:
 sudo apt remove chromium-browser chromium-browser-l10n chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra

Add Debian buster repository. Create a file /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.list with the following content:
 deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster main
 deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates main
 deb http://deb.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main

Add the Debian signing keys:
 sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys DCC9EFBF77E11517
 sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 648ACFD622F3D138
 sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys AA8E81B4331F7F50
 sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 112695A0E562B32A

Configure apt pinning. Create a file /etc/apt/preferences.d/chromium.pref with the following content:
 # Note: 2 blank lines are required between entries
 Package: *
 Pin: release a=eoan
 Pin-Priority: 500

 Package: *
 Pin: origin "ftp.debian.org"
 Pin-Priority: 300

 # Pattern includes 'chromium', 'chromium-browser' and similarly
 # named dependencies:
 Package: chromium*
 Pin: origin "ftp.debian.org"
 Pin-Priority: 700

Install Chromium again
 sudo apt update
 sudo apt install chromium

This should install the latest chromium from the debian-security repository and look like this:
$ sudo apt install chromium
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  chromium-common chromium-sandbox libjpeg62-turbo libminizip1 libre2-5
Suggested packages:
  chromium-l10n chromium-shell chromium-driver
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  chromium chromium-common chromium-sandbox libjpeg62-turbo libminizip1 libre2-5
0 upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 9 not upgraded.
Need to get 56,6 MB of archives.
After this operation, 202 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu eoan/universe amd64 libminizip1 amd64 1.1-8build1 [20,2 kB]
Get:2 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 libjpeg62-turbo amd64 1:1.5.2-2+b1 [134 kB]
Get:3 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu eoan/universe amd64 libre2-5 amd64 20190801+dfsg-1 [162 kB]
Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates/main amd64 chromium-common amd64 79.0.3945.130-1~deb10u1 [257 kB]
Get:5 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates/main amd64 chromium amd64 79.0.3945.130-1~deb10u1 [55,9 MB]
Get:6 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates/main amd64 chromium-sandbox amd64 79.0.3945.130-1~deb10u1 [141 kB]

As you can see, only Chromium related packages are fetched from the Debian repository, but all others like libminizip1 still come from your Ubuntu repository.


Unity doesn't start for only one account

After trying some stuff on Unity doesn't load, no Launcher, no Dash appears, I ended up following Problems after upgrading to 14.04 (only background and pointer after login) (warning: it removed the installed programs and settings, but the files were still there):

To fix "username"'s account, if you can get into the login screen or somewhere like that press ctrl + alt + F3 to get to a terminal (tty). Log in with "username" and password.

Now rename the directory /home/[user_name]/.config/dconf to /home/[user_name]/.config/dconf.broken.

To do this, run

cd .config
sudo mv dconf dconf.broken

You might need to re-enter your password now. Finally reboot:

reboot


"kill " not really killing the process, why?

Processes can ignore some signals. If you send SIGKILL it will not be able to ignore it (and neither catch it to do cleanups). Try:

kill -9 {PID}

Learn more by reading the manual page:

man kill


After two and a half years I can't believe that nobody has answered this. No doubt the OP has resolved the issue but in case anyone else stumbles on this, here is what works in the /etc/fstab on my systems with a Synology DS216J:
# Synology NFS mount
192.168.0.100:/volume1/Public /media/username/NAS nfs soft,intr,rsize=8192,wsize=8192,vers=3

This works equally on Ubuntu 16.04, Mint 19 Tara and Ubuntu Desktop 20.04.1 LTS clients.


Gnome-classic lock screen no password prompt

Try updating the intel driver module again in case it's been fixed.  It might be a regression back to the resume bug from earlier this year: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xserver-xorg-video-intel/+bug/966744.

In the meantime, I suggest you turn the lock screen feature off.  Open 'system settings' and click 'brighness and lock' and toggle the lock to OFF

You will still be able to CtrlLock the screen manually, it just won't automatically lock when you close the lid.


privateinternetaccess.com VPN settings problems

If you rest your mouse over the "Defaults" it will list it after a period of time. I too would like to know how to get PIA to work with different encryptions - i.e. AES.


Cannot install virtualbox 5.1 on Ubuntu 17.04

Verify you downloaded the correct package i386/amd64 from https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads
sudo dpkg -i virtualbox*.deb
It throws dependencies error
sudo apt-get -f install
run sudo dpkg -i virtualbox*.deb again.

You can easily install from ppa
sudo apt-get install virtualbox


Wifi with Broadcom BCM4313 does not work

Getting this device 14e4:4727 working properly in 12.04 is indeed challenging. I recommend you do not install the STA driver from 'Additional Drivers' and if it is installed now, remove it:

sudo apt-get remove --purge bcmwl-kernel source
sudo modprobe -r wl
sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-bcm43.conf

If that file doesn't exist, that's fine, just proceed.

sudo modprobe brcmsmac

Now does your wireless work as expected? If not, let's try a newer driver. With a temporary wired ethernet connection,do:

sudo apt-get install linux-backports-modules-cw-3.3-precise-generic

Detach the ethernet and reboot.


Lecture from the local System Administrator

The message you got is the usual message displayed when you run "sudo" for a very first time on a given account. Consider it some kind of a warning, that you will be acting as root from now on, so you could damage the system if you make a mistake.
It won't be displayed on subsequent invocations of "sudo".

The password you have to type is the password of the user you are running "sudo" from.


I think the answer to your question lies in this thread:

How do I install Java?

I know for installing older versions like you are asking there can be issues, I think this thread will solve at least the installation issues.


This is the version of eclipse (3.8.1-7) [universe]eclipse (3.8.1-7) [universe] that ships with 15.04. My guess is that you have installed the 4.5 version independently of the apt packaging system. It will be tricky to work out where this is installed on the filesystem, but my guess will be /opt.

You need add the path of the executable eclipse to $PATH for it to work from (if it isn't already in there). You can check with

$ echo $PATH

If the path for your new install isn't in there, then it won't work.


Try with :

sudo apt-get install libc6-amd64 libc6


Ubuntu Phone - How can I program app running, when device screen is turned off?

Ubuntu's app lifecycle policy prevents any app from running in the background. Only the currently active app on the screen is allowed to use the devices resources, any app open in the background is suspended.

Ted Gould recently did a talk on the lifecycle policy https://youtu.be/v5iY2NgaBeY which explains all this nicely


Let Raspberry Pi connect to internet through Ubuntu in virtual machine

Finally I got it working. I was confused because apt-get was working, so I thought that everything was correctly set up in the Ubuntu VM, but it wasn't. I got the solution from this post https://support.hidemyass.com/hc/en-us/articles/202721486-Using-Linux-Virtual-Machine-instead-of-a-router-for-VPN

In your Ubuntu VM, assuming that eth0: internet, eth1: your RPI connected via ethernet cable

sudo sh -c "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward"
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -o eth0 -i eth1 -s 192.168.0.0/24 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -j MASQUERADE
sudo iptables-save | sudo tee /etc/iptables.sav

uncomment this line in /etc/sysctl.conf

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

The reason why apt-get was working in the first place is still a mistery to me.


Question regarding install on fresh drive

YES, you can buy a SSD or a normal hard drive what ever you like put it in your laptop and run Ubuntu on it and your laptop should work just fine.In fact, chances are that you will not have to look to much for the drivers since Ubuntu has a lot of them in its repository and it should be a easy transition. If for any reason you will not like Ubuntu you can decide to buy a Windows license later anyhow.


Can you still install Ubuntu 10.10 with Wubi?

You can use the wubi.exe from http://releases.ubuntu.com/maverick/ or you can download the desktop CD ISO as mentioned already. Or refer to the Wubi Guide's How do I install Ubuntu?  for more options.


Ubuntu One sharing structure for multiple users

The Android client does not currently support access to folders shared with the user since the REST API it is using doesn't currently expose them.

If you would like to track the progress of this feature, I would suggest subscribing to the following bug:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntuone-android-files/+bug/810992


How to disable bluetooth continuously scan devices on Ubuntu 20.04?

You could try in terminal
bluetoothctl
Then when it shows a prompt type scan off then type exit


How can I display my machine's IP address on a TTY login screen?

As of Debian 8/jessie you can use the \4 and \6 escape characters to output the IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. So the /etc/issue file:

Debian GNU/Linux 8 \n \l

eth0: \4{eth0}

Would output something like the following at the login console:

Debian GNU/Linux 8 myserver tty1

eth0: 192.168.1.100
myserver login:

I imagine Ubuntu would provide similar functionality (at least in newer releases)


Printer connected properly, but can't print

Looks like the solution was simple. For some reason you need to install the following package according to this answer:
sudo apt install printer-driver-escpr

After that, you can go through the "Add printer" wizard in the printer settings, and it will install the correct drivers. Before this, whatever drivers it was installing didn't work.


What is causing my menus, and widgets to be mushed?

That's a theme / style related issue with GTK3. Click your Whisker menu and type "Appearance" and in the "Style" tab, pick a different style. Normally, "Adwaita" works pretty well.


juju ssh fails because of permission denied (public key)

Yes. I do have this.
On explicitly setting authorized key path to id_rsa.pub in the config file - it's working again. It was not picking the public id by default though.

Not sure why that was happening.


How can I hide the text under the desktop icons?

Open gconf-editor, and go to apps>nautilus>preferences and change the desktop font to 0 (eg. change it from Sans 10 to Sans 0), then there's no text visible.


After Opera update websites with flash doesn't work

Solution is to replace file libffmpeg.so in the opera directory with the working one.
New way

Get ffmpeg

sudo apt install chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra

Replace opera file with our file

sudo ln -sf /usr/lib/chromium-browser/libffmpeg.so  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/opera/

Restart Opera

And every time when Opera will be updated, run
sudo ln -sf /usr/lib/chromium-browser/libffmpeg.so  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/opera/

Old way (but stable)

Download latest release [version]-linux-x64.zip file from here (or try another release)

Find opera directory using which
 user@host:~$ which opera
 /usr/bin/opera
 user@host:~$ ls -l /usr/bin/opera
 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 35 дек  9 01:04 /usr/bin/opera -> ../lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/opera/opera

Extract file libffmpeg.so from the archive you downloaded.

Move lib file to the opera directory sudo cp -f ~/Downloads/libffmpeg.so /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/opera/opera

Restart Opera


Go to system settings>>details>>Graphics if you are in fallback mode, it will say fallback next to "experience"


You can get the last version here : https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-latest.tar.gz

wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-latest.tar.gz
tar xf wget-latest.tar.gz
rm wget-latest.tar.gz
cd wget-*
./configure
#optional: make check
make
#optional: make installcheck
make install


Vim in shell allows [a-z] to circumvent having to press  to get out of INSERT mode. How can I apply this to Gui implimentations of Vim?

Once in gvim, you can type :help quickref and hit  Enter

That'll bring you to the hotkeys information of gvim.
I'm pretty sure you'll find everything you need there, worth to take a look. Good luck buddy! :-)


How to convert a minimal installation to a normal installation?

What you are missing on an ubuntu-desktop-minimal install:

Open a terminal
Run the command apt install ubuntu-desktop --simulate. It won't install anything.
The resulting list are the packages (services and applications) that you chose to not install when you decided upon minimal.

How to go from an ubuntu-desktop-minimal install to a full Ubuntu desktop:

Open a terminal
Run the command sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop. When prompted, enter your password (it WON'T echo on the screen. Enter it anyway).


How can I use gpm from the console in the Ubuntu 20.04 installer?

OK I got it:
Start gpm with gpm -m /dev/psaux -t ps2`
For me that worked, so I added it to the config file

Create the file /etc/gpm.conf
Put in gpm.conf :

device=/dev/psaux
type=ps2

For other devices use gpm -t help to find a likely one. I have to admit it was not obvious to me that ps2 was the correct choice.


OSX Upgrade Causes Ubuntu to "magicjicaly remove" Grub?! (2017 to High Sierra)

"magic" ended up deleting or modifying my boot sector by apple (without my "actual" permission)

My advice to people just experimenting and beginners like me.  WARNING: Its maybe too much work to go through all the details of dual booting.


Kernel panic - not syncing: Not all CPUs entered broadcast exception handler

We have 3 i5 [3.3GHz] Dell Optiplex Workstations running Ubuntu 16.04LTS. We do not have any CDROMs in the machines.  The BIOS is as advanced as it gets for these devices.  As a result of recent updates (kernel rev 4.4.0-134 through 4.4.0-137) the workstations no longer boot with this error message.  Rolling back to rev 4.4.0-133 works however.  There is definitely something amiss with the newer kernel and the older machines.


Difference between Scopes and Apps in Ubuntu touch

According to http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2015/01/ubuntu-phone-bq-photo-scopes-details

"To use a clunky analogy to illustrate the point:

Apps are like books on a shelf. You take one down, find what you need, put it back. Repeat when needed.
Scopes are the relevant pages from those books pinned to your noticeboard right when you need them."

The link has more information, hope this helps.


This is designed as a security feature, really.  The "guest" user has a locked down set of permissions and are denied access to sudo, su, and other commands.

If you need to access those commands, you can login as your own user on the TTY, through Ctrl+Alt+F1 or any of the other F# keys up to 6, and login through that, however guest user is locked out of the administrative commands and such.


I Think that the best Ubuntu flavour for you is the Xubuntu, wich is Ubuntu + XFCE Desktop Environment.
Because it's lightweight and have a good visual(compared to others light Desktop environments).


Two options for Windows 10 in the GRUB menu in dual boot with Ubuntu 18.04

Probably one is the Windows recovery boot.


Change the license from GNU GPL v3 into proprietary. You can copy and paste the GPL 3's text into your own terms if you still want it to be a free software.

Now your app will be approved in a few days (I hope).


Updating nVidia Driver to 295.53 in 12.04

I don't think you need to build the driver yourself, try use swat-x's ppa

https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-x-swat/+archive/x-updates/?field.series_filter=oneiric

in other words:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current


installing Grub on btrfs : No space left on device

@user535733 was right, the BTRFS filesystem was full, more precisely out of metadata space.

this was resolved here

After that I could install grub without any error.


I am equally looking for an answer to this as SSH / FTP is not functional after editing fstab which was on an SD card. What I needed to do to get SSH / FTP login to work was:

I copied an image of Ubuntu 18.04 to a thumb drive and used that to boot my "Windows" laptop into Ubuntu using the thumb drive.
Press Esc at boot time to select start-up options.
Once in Ubuntu I put the SD card into an "ANKER" brand multi-card reader to USB and accessed the SD card through "rootfs".
Once I was at the /etc/fstab file, I used

sudo nano fstab

to comment out the line I previously entered that corrupted SSH / FTP login. I saved the edit (Ctrl+x, yes, enter) and rebooted my original machine and have access to SSH / FTP.

So to me, that means fstab is a culprit if it is not edited correctly.


Software for monitoring broadband quality over time?

You can monitor the download speed quite easily without having to install anything. You can use wget to download a file from a speedtest site and calculate the speed from the size and time:

#!/bin/bash
a=$(wget -O /dev/null http://speedtest.wdc01.softlayer.com/downloads/test10.zip 2>&1)
t=$(echo "$a"|grep 100%)
t=${t#*=}
t=${t%s}
l=$(echo "$a"|grep Length)
l=${l#*Length: }
l=${l% (*}
s=$(python -c "print '%.2f'%($l*8/$t/1e6)")
d=$(date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
echo -e "$d\t$s"

This script just saves the output of wget into a variable and then does a little bit of hacky bash to extract the time from the line where the download completes (containing 100%) and the size from the line which gives the "Length" of the file. It then uses python to calculate the speed in Mbits/s. Finally we echo the date (YearMonthDay_HourMinSec) and the speed to the screen.

If you save this as speed.sh in you home directory. And then make it executable by opening a terminal in your home directory and running.

chmod +x speed.sh

Now test it works by running

./speed.sh

If that is all fine we need to just make it run regularly and output to a text file with cron. Run:

crontab -e

(If it asks you to select and editor select nano unless you know and love another option). Use the arrow keys to navigate to the bottom of the file and type

*/5 * * * * /home/USERNAME/speed.sh>>/home/USERNAME/speed.txt

Here you should replace USERNAME with your username. This will run the script every 5 mins. For every 10 mins replace with:

*/10 * * * * /home/USERNAME/speed.sh>>/home/USERNAME/speed.txt

or every hour

0 * * * * /home/USERNAME/speed.sh>>/home/USERNAME/speed.txt

Exit the editor (Ctrl+x in nano), and say yes to save.

Now the download speed should log to the .txt file in your home directory however often you want with a date stamp before it.

A test example running every 2 mins on my PC produced:

20160731_153804 29.77
20160731_154005 29.77
20160731_154205 23.07
20160731_154404 29.77
20160731_154621 13.18
20160731_154805 29.77
20160731_155004 29.77
20160731_155206 18.10
20160731_155404 29.77


Error on boot : dev/sda6 UNEXPECTED INCONSISTENCY; RUN fsck MANUALLY

At the initfamfs prompt, type fsck -fy /dev/sda6.

You may also have a bad /boot/initrd.img* file if problems continue.

If you dual-boot with Windows, and have a Windows driver that reads/write to Linux ext2/3/4 partitions, remove it asap, as it's corrupting your Ubuntu.


Is it possible to use a dedicated parity drive without striping?

It sounds like you are looking for snapraid.


in a terimnal, enter top command. you can see the list of processes and the second column is the user that is running the process. check that column for root. Also you can filter the processes with respect to the user running them. To show all processes being run by root, enter top -u root.


Yes you can do that by:

Defining 2 ranges on your DHCP server

subnet 10.1.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.254;
  option domain-name-servers 1.1.1.1;
  option routers 10.1.1.1;
}
subnet 10.1.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 10.1.2.3 10.1.2.254;
  option domain-name-servers 1.1.2.1;
  option routers 10.1.2.1;
}

Giving each host a reserved IP address:

host Host1 {
   hardware ethernet 01:02:03:04:05:06;
   fixed-address 10.1.1.2;
}
host Host2 {
   hardware ethernet 01:02:03:04:05:07;
   fixed-address 10.1.2.2;
}

however

You might as well use fixed IP addresses if they're hosts...


Generally Ubuntu kernels are updated every 3 weeks for stable releases. However; in cases of critical CVE fixes or regressions updates may be pushed out in a shorter span than those 3 weeks. Overall that quick of an update should be an exception. If you'd like more information about what the updates fix you can always look in the changelog of the package.


launching a program from bash causes bash to go to new prompt

You are correct that this is the result of an already-running process, but unless there is a bug in Firefox, it should not be the result of a zombie process.

When you start Firefox, the very new instance of Firefox checks to see if Firefox is already running. If Firefox is already running, then instead of continuing as a separate instance, the very new instance communicates with the already-running instance, and makes it start a new window, or a new tab. If a URL was specified as a command-line argument to the very new instance of Firefox, it communicates that URL to the already-running instance, so a window or tab is started in the already-running instance, opening a page with the URL you specified. Once this very new second instance has told the original already-running instance what to do, this very new instance terminates, leaving just one instance.

You can verify this behavior by starting the first Firefox instance with a URL as a command-line argument (e.g., firefox http://askubuntu.com/q/147059/22949), and then making a new window/tab by running the firefox command again with a different URL (e.g., firefox http://www.google.com). When you examine running processes with ps x, you'll see that the only running firefox instance has the first URL as its command-line argument (because the second command is no longer running).

It's often said that you can't run more than one instance of Firefox at a time. It's more accurate to say that you can't run more than one instance of Firefox at a time, for more than a fraction of a second.

Because of this behavior, when you invoke a second instance of Firefox from within a shell, that instance terminates almost immediately, giving you another shell prompt like any program that has finished executing.

Another commonly used program in Ubuntu that does this is Nautilus (the file browser).

It is possible for Firefox to be running but have no windows shown, though typically that should only be able to happen for a short time after quitting all Firefox windows, unless there is a bug. It's possible that this is what was happening when you ran firefox in the Terminal.

However, if Firefox had terminated but not yet been removed from the process table (which is what it means to be a zombie process / defunct process, and which I assume is what you mean by "ghost process"), a very new instance of Firefox should be able to recognize this and act like it's the only running instance of Firefox (because it is). If you find that this is not occurring, then you should report this behavior as a bug in the firefox package in Ubuntu (or against Firefox upstream if you're using the upstream distribution of Firefox rather than the version from official Ubuntu packages).

I don't know how much effort you're willing to put forth to figure out what's going on, but a window manager (compiz) crash shouldn't cause a Firefox window to be hidden, provided that compiz is actually started up again. If this does happen, that's a bug in compiz or firefox.

If you can provide the output of ps x | grep -v grep | grep firefox while the problem is occurring--i.e., after finding that running firefox in the Terminal returns you immediately to your shell--that would help greatly in troubleshooting this. You can edit your answer to include this information. You should also clarify if a new Firefox window/tab is opened when you run firefox in the Terminal, or if running it in the Terminal is having no effect.


Why doesn't gnome-online-accounts accept a Google "application specific password"?

This seems to be a bug.  And from what I read, it looks like there is a workaround for Gnome 3.8.

Are you using 2-factor authentication with Google? If you are, then it is
better not to use GOA at the moment.

The problem is that in 3.6 we use CalDAV for Google Calendars, which does not
work with OAuth tokens, only with passwords. Neither does GTalk, which needs
OAuth2.

We have partly solved the problem for 3.8, by migrating our Google provider to use OAuth2. This takes care of GTalk, but the problem with calendars remain.

Google does have plans to support OAuth2 with CalDAV, but not sure when that
will be available more widely. Or you can write and maintain a libgdata based
backend for E-D-S till that happens.

This is only about Google.

For complete info, see GNOME Bug 688364


Is it safe to remove snapd from ubuntu server?

If you are not using snaps, then it is safe to uninstall snapd. Several OpenVPN implementations are in the Snap Store, so do be sure you are not using one of them.

snap list                    // List the snaps installed on your system
sudo apt remove snapd        // Uninstall snapd

If you change your mind and wish to begin using snaps, then you must reinstall snapd.

sudo apt install snapd

A future release-upgrade may re-install snapd, and you might need to remove it again.


Full copy of Ubuntu with installed programs and user files

You have to use some Ubuntu customization software which allows you to rebuild Ubuntu from the DVD with all needed programs and files. Check this link from askubuntu


Why is UMASK set in /etc/login.defs ignored?

Edit the /etc/login.defs and change these values accordingly:

UMASK 077 - as you earlier did
Change this USERGROUPS_ENAB yes to USERGROUPS_ENAB no

Now log out then log back in. Create a new file and check the default permissions. Hope it helps.


I think what you might be looking for is Wine. The problem with Wine is that not every program will work.

You can get more info about Wine here

To install it go here

Or if you don't mind working in the terminal you can use the following easy commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wine1.5


How to enable notification area (systray) for Pidgin

You have to whitelist the applications if you want to allow them to access the system tray.

Firstly install dconf-tools from the software center ( or by clicking here)
Then Press Alt+F2 and enter dconf-editor and run it.

Now navigate to Desktop -> Unity -> Panel.

Now change the value of  systray-whitelist to

['JavaEmbeddedFrame', 'Mumble', 'Wine', 'Skype', 'hp-systray', 'scp-dbus-service', 'Pidgin']


How to increase open files limit mysql in linux

To see the current limit, type:

ulimit -a

To check the limit for a particular user (I guess you would be interested in mysql user), type:

su mysql ulimit -a

To increase/modify the limit, do:

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

and add:

mysql hard nofile 2084
mysql soft nofile 2084

Do the same for /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf.

You can also temporary increase the open files limit for the user you're currently logged in with:

ulimit -Hn 2084


ssh'ing from one computer to another on the same subnet

Install openssh server on PC A.

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

More details you have here

Then you will can ssh into PC A from PC B

SSH work on port 22.

Edit 1

If you have installed ssh-server on PC A you can check with command netstat -at do
server expect connection on port 22

This is output from my PC

xxx@xxx:~$ netstat -at
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State
tcp        0      0 *:microsoft-ds          *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0      0 *:netbios-ssn           *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0      0 *:ssh                   *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0      0 *:ipp                   *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0      0 *:telnet                *:*                     LISTEN
tcp        0    320 xxxx:ssh              xxx.xxx.xx.xxx:43423    ESTABLISHED
tcp6       0      0 [::]:microsoft-ds       [::]:*                  LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 [::]:netbios-ssn        [::]:*                  LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 [::]:http               [::]:*                  LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 [::]:ssh                [::]:*                  LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 [::]:ipp                [::]:*                  LISTEN
tcp6       1      0 ip6-localhost:38900     ip6-localhost:ipp       CLOSE_WAIT

Important is:

tcp        0      0 *:ssh                   *:*                     LISTEN

If you set ufw or some firewall disable it and try connect then.

Also restart ssh service

sudo service ssh restart

You will see if service start.


What command is Thunar using to mount USB device?

Thunar, in xubuntu, uses udisks for it's volume management. Having said so, once thunar-volman is notified about a new device from udev, it does:

udisksctl mount -b /dev/$block

It just replaces block with whatever is being mounted, and throws it in /media, depending on the label in the filesystem. Some file managers use a dbus call to org.freedesktop to access the udisk mount methods, but whether it's the dbus call or the udisksctrl command, as long as there is a rule in your policy kit config, the command will run.

Ref: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2204350&page=2&p=12925064#post12925064


Automatic wake from suspend when power restored to laptop

After further research, I found that I could get the desired behavior with my setup.

I went into the Power Settings and configured battery power as:

Suspend when inactive for: Don't suspend
When power is critically low: Power off
When the lid is closed: Do nothing

Likewise, when plugged in it's set to not suspend when inactive or the lid is closed.

To test, I unplugged the Chromebook and waited for the battery to get critically low and power off (overnight).  When I reconnected power the next day, it automatically booted and all was good.

My previous tests had failed because I was shutting the system down manually, instead of having Ubuntu do it.

I was unable to find a solution using suspend and wake.  It could potentially work with additional USB hardware with an ability to send a keyboard event to wake the Chromebook up when power is connected.


Is there a general way to reset a package's per-user config files?

There is no generic way to revert user-config for a package. Each package can store their own user config in user's home directory. Usually where these are stored are described in manual pages of a package, but not always.

You have to find and remove those files manually. Most of the configs for GTK applications are found in ~/.config directory

You might want to read this useful question on Unix & Linux SE about config files folder.

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/24347/why-do-some-applications-use-config-appname-for-their-config-data-while-other

(Thanks to edwinksl for the link)


The regular ubuntu repositories don't contain the latest version of QT or QT Creator, you will first have to add an ppa via the command line:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-sdk-team/ppa

Now you can update:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

If this doesn't work, try removing QT Creator first and then reinstalling with:

sudo apt-get install qtcreator


That's weird. I have 18.04 as well, and it doesnt seem to be happening over here.
I have the following versions though, which opens tons of combinations of why you could be experiencing this issue:

Sorry, I know I am not answering your question, but does this help you narrow it down at all?

LibreOffice 6.0.7.3 00m0(Build:3)

Mozilla Firefox 70.0.1

Description:    Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS
Release:    18.04
Codename:   bionic

ubuntu:GNOME

Here's how I checked that stuff, in case you want to check your as well and dont know how:

$ firefox -version
Mozilla Firefox 70.0.1

$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS
Release:    18.04
Codename:   bionic

$ echo $XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP
ubuntu:GNOME


How do I stop icons from blinking in Conky?

Have you tried going into the .conkyrc configuation file and changing the line

own_window yes

I know I had that problem every time I opened and/or closed a file the Conky display would flicker/blink. When I changed the above from no to yes it worked like a charm.


How do I convert a PNG to PDF with only the default packages on 11.10?

convert xyz.png xyz.pdf should do the trick.

See man convert for more options.


Error message when reading subdirectory from a USB Drive

[Solved] The problem it turns out is that the drive has new issues, possibly due to being dropped just prior to connecting it to the Ubuntu computer.


I just realized I was attempting to reach https:// myproject.development instead of http:// myproject.development I spent all day checking if everything is setup correctly only for a friend to point me out the obvious


How can I get past the preparing to install screen in Ubuntu 15.10 installation in Live environment?

Old question, but I had the same issue this week. My fix was disable the secure boot in BIOS, then when the GRUB menu opens "Try Ubuntu, Install Ubuntu, etc.", press e and edit the install ubuntu option. Delete the "quiet splash" phrase and there we go. That worked for me.


Tell Launchpad what DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS to use when building PPA package

The PPAs do not have a way to specify an environment variables (including DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS) unfortunately. Until they do, you will need to edit the debian/rules file and set it manually yourself near the top (but not the first line if it uses a "#!"):

DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS=nodocs

Optionally, just find the section of the rules file that looks for "nodocs" and change it to do what you need it to do.


How to set maximum resolution in a notebook?

Your GPU supports up to 8192x8192 resolution, but the monitor supports up to 1920x1080 as you can see.

If you connect an external monitor, you'll be able to get a higher resolution.


Easiest method: set the partition to mount read-only for any user.

In general is it a bad idea to mount another operating systems core files anyways and just mount a separate partition to store documents for both systems.

Related document:

Ubuntu help on mounting windows partitions


Ubuntu 18.04 LTS - Broken by my reckless package removal

You don't need to uninstall Python 2.7 (that's the standard for many systems tools) in order to use Python 3.X. When you get to install it again, you'll refer to them  as Python and Python3.


A very similar question was post was asked. Apparently Onboard (the onscreen keyboard) can cause this to happen.

Fix: Disable Onboard


How do I get a Brother DCP-7065DN printer working?

Visit the page linked below:

Printer Driver | Downloads | DCP-7065DN | United States | Brother - linux-brprinter-installer-2.2.1-1.gz

Select Linux and .deb then click search

Download the Driver Install tool.

Open with file roller(aka archive manager) and extract to your home directory.

Open Files, Click on Home

right click on linux-brprinter-installer-2.1.1-1 go to properties, permissions and check the box allow executing as program or after opening the terminal as described below issue the command chmod +x ./linux-brprinter-installer-2.1.1-1

Open a terminal with CtrlAltt

issue the commands:

sudo su

./linux-brprinter-installer-2.2.1-1

at Input Model Name enter
DCP-7065DN

You will be presented with:

You are going to install following packages.
   dcp7065dnlpr-2.1.0-1.i386.deb
   cupswrapperDCP7065DN-2.0.4-2.i386.deb
   brscan4-0.4.7-1.amd64.deb
   brscan-skey-0.2.4-1.amd64.deb

Agree to this.

You will then be asked to agree to their terms several times. Respond in the affirmative. After a short delay it will ask if you will specify the device URI specify yes – prompted with a number of choices I chose the IP option (12 or 10 in my case)

Enter IP address of printer. (You can set this via the front panel of the printer see note below)

Press Enter when prompted

Note:  The leading zeros required on the printer setup will break the sane configuration if you include them so strip them out. example (printer ip 192.168.015.024 = script input 192.168.15.24) otherwise you get this:

PING 192.168.015.024 (192.168.13.20) 56(84) bytes of data.

--- 192.168.015.024 ping statistics ---
11 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 9999ms

If this happens to you, use brsaneconfig4 to fix it by removing the faulty configuration with

brsaneconfig4 -r DCP7065DN

and then re-adding it with for example (your IP will likely be different)

brsaneconfig4 -a name=DCP7065DN model=DCP7065DN ip=192.168.15.24

Note: I'm leaving the hyphen out of the model number, for some reason i had issues when I left them in.

Printing and scanning via SimpleScan or Xsane now functions

Tested on Ubuntu 14.04 32-bit and 64-bit as well as 16.04 64-bit and 18.04 64 bit.
Note: for 18.04 if you want to use xsane rather than Simple Scan you'll have to install it first with sudo apt install xsane


Broadcom BCM4352 driver not installed and wfi is not working

You need to install the driver for your wireless card.

open a terminal window from the Unity dashboard
type sudo apt-get update
type sudo apt-get install dkms
type sudo apt-get install broadcom-sta-dkms
turn off Secure Boot in your BIOS

Now your wireless should work.


How do I customize desktop wallpaper slideshow?

I think I'm late but...

I created an xml background (with full paths descriptions), and I've saved it at /usr/share/backgrounds/my-background.xml

then I edited /usr/share/gnome-background-properties/ubuntu-wallpapers.xml adding

<wallpaper deleted="false">
 <name>My background</name>
 <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/my-background.xml</filename>
 <options>zoom</options>
</wallpaper>

just saves the file and the new slideshow wallpaper is shown in appearences window

hope it works for you :D


If you are using Ubuntu 15.04, try using

sudo systemctl restart network-manager


You don't have to use external tools for this. Pure bash:

FILENAME="${1%-*}"

% is used to remove the shortest matching suffix. If you have file-name-foo, you'll get file-name. To remove the longest matching suffix, use %%.

To save to $1, you'll have to use set. Something like:

set -- "${1%-*}" "${@:2}"

Then the next time you use $1, it will have the trimmed text.

Remember, no spaces around = when assigning variables.


This is for Ubuntu 14.10/14.04

To install Zukitwo Dark Cinnamon theme:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/themes
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install zukitwo-dark-cinnamon

To install Zukitwo Dark Gnome Shell theme:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/themes
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install zukitwo-dark-shell

To install Zukitwo theme:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/themes
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install zukitwo

To install Zukiwi theme:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/themes
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install zukiwi

Gnome Shell version

Gnome Shell version

Cinnamon version

Unity version

Source: Noobslab

To apply a theme you can use either Ubuntu-Tweak tool or Unity Tweak tool or Gnome Tweak tool. To install Ubuntu Tweak tool:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak

To install Unity Tweak tool:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

To install Gnome Tweak tool:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

Just go to applications and type in Dash search any of them and launch it.

P.S.

To change shell themes in Gnome don't forget to install gnome-shell-extensions and enable user themes.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gnome-shell-extensions


Can't get 1920 x 1080 in Ubuntu via VMWare

My solution:

Create a text file with .sh extension. For example setscreen.sh

Insert the following text and save.

xrandr --newmode "1920x1080"  173.00  1920 2048 2248 2576  1080 1083 1088 1120 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --addmode Virtual1 1920x1080
xrandr --output Virtual1 --mode 1920x1080

Run this .sh file as an executable. Screen should go to 1920x1080.

Use "startup applications" to launch the file at startup.

Note: I am running Mint 17 but this should work fine in Ubuntu.


This is because such features have been explicitly removed from Wayland for security reasons. The major concerns were reading other programs input and allowing fake input to be sent to other programs which would allow different attack vectors.

Some window-managers might implement some sort of macro feature in the future  but as of now there is no such feature that I know of.

Implementing this would mean to implement it for each of the different window managers which surely will take still a while.

I suggest using Xorg instead of Wayland for now if you need to use such features.


You only need to pay for the Hardware.

Ubuntu and all its bundled softwares is completely free to use. Support for official releases is free too and almost all the support is provided by the community at

Ubuntuforums
AskUbuntu


How do I connect/share between my two computers at home and my printer?

I don't have your exact setup, but this will get you going in the right direction, if you get stuck just update your question. You need to enable printer sharing:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NetworkPrintingWithUbuntu

In this case the computer connected to the printer will be the "Ubuntu print server", so just follow the directions in that part of the document.

  On the server machine (the one the printer is attached to), open System -> Administration -> Printing. This will open the Printer
  Configuration window. OR you can open the following URL in your
  browser: http://localhost:631
  Select Server in the menu bar, and then Settings. This will open the Basic Server Settings window.

  Check the second box: Publish shared printers connected to this server

  If this computer acts as both a Print Server and a client (it does need access to a printer connected to another computer), select also
  the first box, "Show printers shared by other systems".

After that just right click on the printer and select "Shared":


How to force/request vlc to buffer a video completely?

Open vlc, go to Tools > Preferences, from bottom left tick Show Settings > All, then in the left tree go to Input/Codecs, then on the right scroll down to Advanced and change File caching (ms). Save.


installing "ia32-libs" problem - Ubuntu 12.10 x64

Sounds like your APT doesn't have an i386 foreign architecture. I have no idea why this happens to people...

Try:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ia32-libs


Ubuntu 13.10 no wired internet connection

open terminal Ctrl+Alt+t and write sudo ifconfig eth0 up. Now you will see a message "wired connection 1 - connected" and then edit the required connections.


Install 12.10 to an external USB hard drive automatically mounted at /cdrom

It sounds like the USB drive is not mounted.

Try unplugging it and plugging it back in, or use Disc Utility to check it is mounted.

EDIT :

From the picture it looks like the USB drive has the wrong mount point as /cdrom.
It should be automatically mounted at /media/name-of-drive.
This is why the installer does not see it.

Have a look at comment #6 in this old bug report and see if it helps.

Solution

The simple solution is not to connect the USB HDD until after the live 12.10 CD boots up completely.


GHDL is available for many platforms. It supports VHDL 87, 93, 2002 and 2008. The user documentation is hosted on RTFD.

You can download *.deb packages for GHDL from GHDLs GitHub repository.

Or you compile it yourself from source. It's quite easy when you use the LLVM back-end. Build instructions.


Is it possible to run a TTY in X session?

Is this what you are looking for? gnome-terminal --geometry=100x100 It starts a virtual terminal in a fixed size of 100x100.

Source: https://askubuntu.com/a/332992/549416


Only one of the files that have duplicate names is copied regardless of which original sub-directory they came from.

During execution:

All files are indeed copied, but files in the destination directory with identical name as the source will be overwritten without exception. So only the last copied file will remain in the destination directory.

Please read here:

shutil — High-level file operations

  If dst is a directory, a file with the same basename as src is created
  (or overwritten) in the directory specified

This does not mean all your distinct files are copied. If more than one file have different content and the same name, only one will be copied regardless of file content differences.

To see what is happening while you execute your code, Please run the modified version below:

import os
import shutil
from termcolor import colored

source_dir = r'/media/julien/Elements/Ma Musique'
dest_dir = r'/media/julien/TOSHIBA EXT/All my music'

def copy_all_files(source_dir,destination_dir):
    failed = 0
    succeeded = 0
    for root, subdirs, files in os.walk(source_dir):
        for file in files:
            path = os.path.join(root, file)
            if os.path.exists(destination_dir + '/' + file):
                print(file + colored(' from ', 'yellow') + root + colored(' filename already exist, cannot copy', 'red'))
                # Normally destination files will be overwritten without exception, but now an error message is printed instead
                failed += 1
            else:
                shutil.copy2(path, destination_dir)
                print(file + colored(' from ', 'yellow') + root + colored(' copied successfully', 'green'))
                succeeded += 1
    print(colored('copied files ', 'green') + str(succeeded))
    print(colored('duplicate not copied files ', 'red') + str(failed))

copy_all_files(source_dir,dest_dir)
print("DONE")

To answer your question:

  My question is: Is it a display bug ? Or is there really a folder size
  limit and some file might have been implicitly overwritten?

It appears that you have different files with the same filename under different sub-directories in the source disk for example:

File 1 /media/julien/Elements/Ma Musique/audio/book1.mp3

File 2 /media/julien/Elements/Ma Musique/audio_books/book1.mp3

When they are copied to the destination disk, they all go to the same directory (sub-directory structure is NOT preserved in your code) so the following happens:

First: file 1 is copied so the destination directory will look like this:

`/media/julien/TOSHIBA EXT/All my music/book1.mp3`

Then: file 2 is copied so shutil.copy2() overwrites file 1 in the destination directory which has the filename book1.mp3 with file 2 which has the same filename and you end up with the destination directory looking like this:

`/media/julien/TOSHIBA EXT/All my music/book1.mp3`

I hope It is clear now.


It is a bug

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-utils/+bug/841085

I see no posted solution other then viewing the logs in a terminal.

Sorry you are having this problem, bugs happen, please be kind to the developers, we need them to help find a solution.


Shell script to check if something is plugged in the wifi USB port

You're probably not going to be able to figure out which drive it is without some fiddling around.  More on that later.

Firstly, try to mount the device.  If the mount fails, nothing is plugged in.  Change the paths and options, obviously.  (must be run as root, or with sudo)

mount -t cifs -o <options here> //192.168.0.1/share_name /mnt/whatever
if [[ $? = 1 ]]; then
   echo "Drive not available."
   exit 1;
fi

If it succeeds, continue on with your copies to /mnt/whatever.

If you want to be able to tell which drive is inserted, one simple thing you could do is create a file in the root of the USB key or drive that identifies it.  I have a Corsair USB key, for example, create an empty file called "CORSAIR" in the top directory of the key.  Obviously, you could call it anything you want.  Then, after mounting, test for the existence of the file.  You could even unmount it at that point and mount it on another directory for further use.

if [[ -f /mnt/whatever/CORSAIR ]]; then
    echo "CORSAIR USB key detected.."
    # do some stuff
fi
if [[ -f /mnt/whatever/PERSONAL ]]; then
    echo "Personal USB key detected..."
    umount /mnt/whatever
    mount -t cifs -o <options> //192.168.0.1/share_name /mnt/PERSONAL
fi

Since you're mounting and unmounting, you'll have to run as root or use "sudo mount", which will prompt for passwords.


Make sure your home directory ~/ and the directory where you have your media set have the read and execute permission.

You can set this, for the areas you have specified for your files with:

$ chmod go+x /home/matt
$ chmod go+xr /home/matt/PLEX

Also make sure your media has the go+r permission.

You can do the latter for all the files in your media area with:

$ chmod -R go+r /home/matt/PLEX


Where can I change settings/preferences for Files?

OK my mistake. For whatever reason you need to click the application title (in this case "Files") and you get a menu. This is not at all consistent with any other application in Ubuntu/Unity. Pretty bad UX decision.


Problem with sudo apt get update: The repository cdrom... does not have a Release file

To resolve this problem from terminal you must remove/comment this CD-ROM repository source directly from /etc/apt/sources.list

 sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

and comment or remove lines that include cdrom. eg:

deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.3)]/ xenial main restricted


How to prevent script not to stop after apt-get?

I had the same problem but was not very happy with the solutions here or the solutions did not work for me.
What I found out to get it running is to send a NULL input to apt-get, so that it continues to work.

It looks like this:

apt-get -y install gcc g++ make cmake perl  < "/dev/null"

cd ~/
mkdir t1
cd t1

#newline

Hope other people can use this too! Don't forget the newline so that the last command will also be executed


How do I make a program auto-start every time I log in?

To make a program start with Ubuntu:

If you're using Unity, search
for the program Startup
Applications.
If you're using Ubuntu Classic,
it's under Start Menu >
Preferences > Startup Applications.

To make Ubuntu remember your running applications on shutdown:

Open a terminal, and run
gconf-editor.
Navigate to
/apps/gnome-session/options.
Enable the option:
auto_save_session.

(NOTE: this may slow system boot, and has not been throughly tested.)


Error Installing Ubuntu 12.04 on Windows 7

From what I have seen in the pastebin, your Ubuntu .iso file is corrupted, re-download it again and try it...
Pss. I don't really recommend you to install Ubuntu with Wubi, it's a whole new thing to install it like that and it can become a pain in the a$$...
Better make a bootable CD...

Hope it helps, if you still have trouble don't forget you can count on the AskUbuntu community!


wireless connection intermittent with 16.04LTS

I had a similar issue with Ubuntu a few versions back, and it turned out to be the wireless adapter's power management.  I am pretty sure this was fixed in 16.04, but you can check this link to see if it fixes your issue with WiFi:

ubuntu 14.04 wireless constantly disconnects

Hope this works for you too! :)


Make sure you have all the following packages installed:

icedtea-6-jre-cacao
icedtea-6-jre-jamvm
icedtea-netx
icedtea-netx-common
java-common
default-jre
default-jre-headless
gcj-4.6-jre-lib
openjdk-6-jre
openjdk-6-jre-headless
openjdk-6-jre-lib


Unable to open Synaptic package manager in 12.04

First remove synaptic by

sudo apt-get --purge synaptic

Reinstall it

sudo apt-get install synaptic


How to set up a Wi-Fi hot-spot on Ubuntu 17.04?

I hope this article can help with your problem.

How to Overcome Ubuntu 17.04 Failed to Make Wifi Hotspot

If Hotspot is on then turn it off first. Go to System Settings > Network

Turn off Hotspot by clicking ON so it becomes OFF

Click Stop Hotspot
Click All Settings > Software and Updates

Make sure the settings shown are checked.

Click the Close button and let Ubuntu 17.04 update after entering the password. Wait for it to finish. Click Reload.
Press Ctrl+Alt+T to start the Terminal application.
Type the following command in Terminal:

sudo apt install hostapd dnsmasq

Go back to the Network window and click Use as Hotspot then click Turn On.

Hotspot is ON with the name HP-EliteBook-2760p (on my computer)
In order for Android devices to be able to connect to this Hotspot, there is still one more step, namely:

Click Edit Connections

Select Hotspot then click Edit

Change Mode to Hotspot (provided Ad-hoc)

Click Save

Click Enable Wi-Fi to disable your Wi-Fi

Click again Enable Wi-Fi to enable Wi-Fi

And…. Alhamdulillah ... now Hotspot on Ubuntu 17.04 can function normally. Android devices can also connect.


How to get the highest quality audio with the smallest download size using youtube-dl?

I don't know if it's actually implemented, but this could work:

youtube-dl -f worstvideo+bestaudio www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ

or

youtube-dl -f worst+bestaudio www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ


How do I get delete programs off of my computer?

If you know the package names, you can just run

apt purge packagename

to get a list off all installed programs, run:

dpkg --list

If you're still not sure, then use the GUI software center.


Install only amd64 packages where possible

If you're on a 64-bit platform (which I think you're on), apt will only download and install 64-bit packages by default. You can have apt install 32-bit packages by explicitly enabling that using dpkg --add-architecture i386 command. But even in that case, a 64-bit installation will only 64-bit packages by default. You have to use :i386 after the package name to install 32-bits.

However, You may sometimes notice apt downloading i386 packages whilst you wanted to install 64-bits. This can happen for several reasons

apt can only find 32-bit version for that package.
Some packages depend on 32-bit versions. Wine is a good example for this case.


NVIDIA drivers stretching out the desktop?

The easiest way is to run nvidia-settings

gksu nvidia-settings

Use twinview. If you are able to configure your resolution from there, save teh settings to xorg.conf, do NOT merge with the existing file.


How to make backspace work on ubuntu 13.04

The Nautilus acceleration map should be in .config/nautilus/accels.

So try gedit .config/nautilus/accels to open that file.Then add the lines and restart your pc.


Ubuntu 18.04 Clock not updating after Hibernate

If you install ntp by

sudo apt install ntp

Your time will be always automatically synchronized with time servers.

Another way is to correct the service that brings the system up from hibernation to run ntpdate.


How to revoke gnupg public key without private key?

There is no real way of revoking this key without your original private keys.  You should keep your private key and revocation key stored off system for such cases like this.

Something I've learned early on in playing with PGP/GnuPG.

Create a new key with a text description saying something like "As of


How to open a new file from the command line with Inkscape

To my surprise, there seems to be no option in Inkscape to produce a new file from cli!

How to create the option?

As always, if it doesn't exist, it can be made:

Open Inkscape, create a new file drawing.svg
Save this file anywhere
Copy the code below into an empty file, save it as newinkscape (no extension) in ~/bin. Create the directory if it doesn't exist yet.

#!/bin/bash

sample="/path/to/drawing.svg"
dr=$1

cp "$sample" "$dr"
inkscape "$dr"

Make the script executable
Replace in the line:

sample="/path/to/drawing.svg"

The path by the path to your sample file.

Log out and back in, now:

newinkscape /path/to/newfile.svg

will open a new empty Inkscape file, saved in the location you used in the command.


Using rsync to back up a remote computer through a reverse ssh link

Well, looks like I found an answer to my question, though the problem isn't what I thought it was.

I had a chance to take a closer look at what files rsync was trying to transfer.  Turns out it wasn't every file, but the vast majority.  Apparently, when the remote filesystem was created, a switch wasn't used to insure that the date-time stamp was preserved.  As a result, all the files were copied over with a date-time stamp of the date on which the files were created on the remote system.  Only files that have been updated since then had different time-stamps.  So, when rsync tries to update the local system from the remote one, it tries to copy almost all files because they have a newer timestamp on the remote system than on the local system.

So, the solution for fixing this is to use touch to put the correct timestamps on the remote system.  I'm not very familiar with the linux shell, so there's probably a much more elegant solution, but here's what worked for me:

#1: Mount remote file system locally:

sshfs -p 45678 me@localhost:/ ./mntpt/

#2: Put the following shell script on the remote file system and run it:

#!/bin/bash
find * -newermt "2014-04-22" ! -newermt "2014-04-23" | while read f;
do
 touch "$f" -c -m -r "/home/me/Documents/$f"
done

The above still takes a long time to run, but almost certainly not as long as trying to back up all the files through a fairly slow connection.  I tried various one-line shell command solutions instead of a script, but found no way to reference the file list twice in the touch command.


As opposed to other answers to this question, the very PPA states that it should be used as a whole and NOT via individual packages (i.e. not pick individual updates, but install all of them).

  == Important notice ==

  This PPA is currently meant to be used as a whole. Please do not individually install packages from it, add it to your sources and let your package manager pull in every update. The packages here build against each other and compile different features based on whats available at build time. Do not assume that because it lets you install a DDX with just the driver and libdrm update that it will work. These packages are made with scripts that use the the current packages as the base, so some dependencies can be wrong and your package manager will not resolve that for you. If you want to individually install something from here, grab the source and rebuild it in your current environment instead.


use the following commands:- While holding alt+ prtSc + R E I S U B.

R:  Switch to XLATE mode
E:  Send Terminate signal to all processes except for init
I:  Send Kill signal to all processes except for init
S:  Sync all mounted file-systems
U:  Remount file-systems as read-only
B:  Reboot

or try this:-

Enter Ctrl+alt+F1 login there by user name and password.Now enter sudo service lightdm restart.


Foo2capt -Canon LBP2900 printer configuration

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/foo2capt

Note it only works with LBP-2900, LBP-2900B, and Canon LBP-3000 so far.

git clone git://git.code.sf.net/p/foo2capt/foo2capt
cd foo2capt
# install build deps if necessary
sudo apt-get install libusb-1.0-0-dev libcupsimage2-dev
# build binary package
dpkg-buildpackage -b
# install it
sudo dpkg -i ../cups-driver-capt_*.deb


Do we have a simulation software for switching and routing practice?

The best choice is probably Cisco's 'Packet Tracer'. Packet Tracer 5.2 is the lastest and is available in .DEB format on their site (login required...
I have found other locations where to download the deb from but I do not want to give out untrusted sources. If you need it from one of these sources: google ;)).

Packet Tracer is a powerful network simulator that can be utilized in
training for CCNATM and CCNPTM certification exam by allowing students
to create networks with an almost unlimited number of devices and to
 experience troubleshooting without having to buy real CiscoTM routers
 or switches.

How to install it in Ubuntu (should work in 11.04 too)


Unable to format sd card with loaded ubuntu

You need to take 3 steps to prepare the USB stick. Before you start, make sure you know the correct drive letter (/dev/sd?) that is used by the system for the USB stick and replace the ? with that letter in the following commands.
If the USB stick is unmounted, let's open a terminal and let's start:
Step 1
Blank the beginning of the USB stick.
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sd? bs=4M count=1 && sync
Step 2
Create both a partition table and a partition on the drive.
sudo fdisk /dev/sd?
fdisk will create an msdos/mbr partition table on the USB stick automatically.
Press n for new partition and if you want to create a single partition on the whole drive, you can accept the default selections in the questions that follow by simply pressing Enter. You can always consult the man pages by typing man fdisk for further details on how to customize partitioning.
After you're finished with the new partition, press w to write the changes to the USB stick and close fdisk.
Step 3
Format the partition you've created:
sudo mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sd? to create a FAT32 partition or,
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sd? to create an EXT4 partition for use with Linux only.
The USB stick should be ready to use at this point.

WARNING: If you don't use the correct drive letter on any of the commands shown above, another disk's data will be destroyed, possibly irrevocably.


The error message means your Ubuntu is not using Upstart.

From Ubuntu 15.04, systemd is now the default init process instead of Upstart, and as a result some commands have changed.

With systemd, you can instead check the status of, for example, docker with the command:

service docker status