I assume you want to delete Ubuntu and  restore Windows to original state (factory settings)?
Note that I'm not familiar with Vaio, however on boot screen (grub) you should be able to see installed systems. For Windows you should have more than one entry and the first one sda/dev1 (or similar most likely) is rescue partition of Windows. Boot there and  follow to guide to re-install Windows.

Hope it solve your problem.


I don't see how to avoid to handle Windows and Ubuntu separately using software.

TrueCrypt for Windows installation. For example this "How To Use TrueCrypt To Encrypt The Whole Windows System".
Install Ubuntu using the alternate installer image. I recommend you to use LVM as it makes it possible to have all partitions (then LVs) in one dm-crypt container. It requires a /boot partition but LVM saves you from more. See this article how to do that: "How to install Ubuntu 11.04 on an encrypted LVM file system" (while a bit old, still relevant for 12.04).

Alternatively, get yourself an expensive Self Encrypting Hard Drive unlocked by your BIOS at boot time, if supported. This way, no configuration is required by your OS and all processing (encrypting/decrypting) is done by the hard drive instead of your CPU.


Just install LAMP in your Ubuntu server and configure it.

Then just copy your files from the hosting server and place them in your /var/www/html directory. From there just go to http://localhost/ and you will access your site.


Edited:  If you are in your Homes folder when you have Nemo open, in the right screen, select the folder you want to change. Right-click it and select Properties. Then click on the icon of the folder in the upper left of the Properties that just came up. It will allow you to select the custom icon you want.


You can't do it with the GUI, but it is really simple with the command line:

I'll assume, for the sake of my explanation, that you want to create a repository for your private data and one for your work data.

1) Open a new Terminal with CTRL+ALT+T.
2) Create a new directory with mkdir private_drive.
3) Enter your directory with cd private_drive.
4) Initialize a grive repository with the command grive -a.
5) The terminal shows you a link. Open it with your browser and connect via your private Google account. Paste the token code in your terminal (with right click, CTRL+V doesn't work) and press enter.
6) Come back to the parent directory with cd ...
7) Repeat steps 2) through 5) with the directory work_drive and your work Google account.

Notes:

As far as I know, it is not possible to auto-sync the directories. To do so, open a terminal, go to the directory and simply run the command grive.
More options are available, check the tiny help message with the command grive -h.


Always show keyboard shortcuts in Gnome — take effect without a restart

The dconf method works for me on 12.04. What you may try:

Are you modifying the dconf entry for the same user as with you launch the applications. (e.g. don't use sudo) The dconf settings are per-user.
Is your ~/.config/dconf/user file writeable by your user?
Maybe that file is corrupted. Try making a backup of the ~/.config/dconf/user file, and then remove it. Logout, login and then try again the dconf settings with the newly generated file.


The internet is currently pretty silent about this, but it seems to be an issue related to snap, not ytmd. I've found a few similar issues related to other snap apps giving the same message on startup.
My solution: uninstall the snap app and download the app image from the creator's website.
https://ytmdesktop.app/#download
Make sure the file is executable. (chmod +x filename)
If you want this to be treated like an application(search, pin to dock, etc..), create a new file: ~/.local/share/applications/ytmd.desktop.
I followed this article and used the icon from the ytmd github repo. Works just as well (better since there is no pop-up) as the snap installation.


How to change the color of stdout content?

You can use escape sequences for echo. For instancce, in the screenshot bellow you can see me set color first to red, then back to white, and source my .mkshrc  file, where I've placed  $( echo -e "\033[1;31m" ) before my username @ hostname, and $( echo -e "\033[1;37m" ) before the ***** line, and finally  $(echo -e "\033[1;34m" ) after $ character. In Other words my prompt is:

[$(batpower)]$(echo -e "\033[1;31m") _MKSH_SERGIY@UBUNTU_[$(pwd)]$(echo -e "\033[1;37m"   )
***********************************************
! $ $(echo -e "\033[1;34m")'

More info here: www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/colorizing.html

and here:http://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/colorizing.html


If you can't click on anything after using the "Alt+Tab" shortcut, the system is freezing (possibly due to a memory shortage).


You can install the oldschool synaptiks touchpad settings manager:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wget gdebi
wget http://http.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/s/synaptiks/kde-config-touchpad_0.8.1-2_all.deb
sudo gdebi kde-config-touchpad_0.8.1-2_all.deb
sudo apt-mark hold kde-config-touchpad

After installation, open a terminal and execute the following command:

synaptiks &

You will probably see a bunch of output and then it will exit. After that happens, open a terminal and execute the following command (again) to open the settings configuration:

synaptiks &

You will probably want to check the box to start up automatically at boot.


Logical Volume, Physical Volume and Volume Groups

Logical volume management is a widely-used technique for deploying logical rather than physical storage.

With LVM, "logical" partitions can span across physical hard drives and can be resized (unlike traditional ext3 "raw" partitions).

A physical disk is divided into one or more physical volumes (Pvs), and logical volume groups (VGs) are created by combining PVs.

You should read some more specified info here at The Linux Logical Volume Manager

This picture pretty much sums it up

Also there's some good information at A Beginner's Guide To LVM

One of the big advantages of LVM is that you can most easily reduce the size of one partition, and use it on other partitions for example, without data loss.

You can also allocate minimal amounts of space for each logical volume and leave some of the disk unallocated. Then, when the partitions start to fill up, they can be expanded as necessary.

From Archlinux wiki:

Advantages

LVM gives you more flexibility than just using normal hard drive partitions:

Use any number of disks as one big disk.
Have logical volumes stretched over several disks.
Create small logical volumes and resize them "dynamically" as they get more filled.
Resize logical volumes regardless of their order on disk. It does not depend on the position of the LV within VG, there is no need to ensure surrounding available space.
Resize/create/delete logical and physical volumes online. File systems on them still need to be resized, but some support online resizing.
Online/live migration of LV being used by services to different disks without having to restart services.
Snapshots allow you to backup a frozen copy of the file system, while keeping service downtime to a minimum.

Disadvantages

Linux exclusive (almost). There is no official support in most other OS (FreeBSD, Windows..).
Additional steps in setting up the system, more complicated.
If you use the Btrfs file system, its Subvolume feature will also give you the benefit of having a flexible layout. In that case, using the additional Abstraction layer of LVM may be unnecessary.

LVM on Archlinux


How to update Firefox to latest version in Kubuntu 15.04 unstable the usual way?

The Update Firefox thing only works if you download Firefox from https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/all/ and use that, as if Firefox is installed using the package manager by default it is only accessible by root (I think the updater works in Windowz due to a background running service/security flaws) - hence the note at the top of the article:

  "Note: If you use your Linux distribution's packaged version of
  Firefox, you will need to wait for an updated package to be released
  to its package repository. This article only applies if you installed
  Firefox manually (without using your distribution's package manager)."

A solution that uses a package manager would be to download the closest available packages (for 14.10) from http://packages.ubuntu.com/utopic-updates/firefox , along with needed dependencies and install those (using gdebi might help with that).

If that fails, just manually install from https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/all/: extract it somewhere out of the way, and set it as default/use a wrapper script/use a soft link from where the existing Firefox binaryis.

15.04 is not due to be released until April 23rd, and the devs behind probably are busy doing the updates to the system rather than external packages like Firefox.


You are currently in the folder /root.

man runs some command including cd <current folder>. In this case that is cd /root (compare the 2nd line of the error). But that is not allowed for non-root user.

The following will work:

cd ~ && man ls

To reproduce the same behaviour you can do this:

$ sudo su
# cd /root
# su normal_user
$ man ls
man: can't change directory to '/root': Permission denied


Once eth0 is placed on the br0 bridge you cannot configure eth0 anymore.
If you want to use eth0 you have to configure br0 now as if you were configuring eth0.

When you say that eth0 is exclusively available to the bridge and not to the host it is true, but do note that br0 is available on the host so you are not losing anything. From the point of view of the host it is almost as if you had only renamed the interface to br0.

Specifying 0.0.0.0 as the bridge's address on the host is not necessary. You may just as well leave it unconfigured.

The VMs are all connected to the bridge. Imagine you have a switch and each VM and the host are all separate computers. Now every computer has a cable connecting it to the network switch. Now all VMs and the host are physically connected through the network switch (your bridge). This is exactly what happens when you create a bridge.
Now, being physically connected does not mean they can exchange data among them. If, for instance, the "host computer" has no IP on that interface connected to the switch, nobody will be able to exchange data with the host. When you leave br0 with IP 0.0.0.0 or no IP at all you are doing exactly that and hence, VMs will not be able to connect to the host via their eth0 interface (via the bridge).

Focus on the concept of what a bridge is and everything will make sense.

Also, check this answer here:
https://askubuntu.com/a/432030/73636


TTY characters mixed up after device cat or Python print

I finally found the command that I was looking for on Command Line Fu.  The command is reset.  I tried it, and it worked perfectly, without logging out or restarting the system.


Yes it is.

Read about PulseAudio Volume Control 0.9.10


How do I change the the boot default from Ubuntu to Windows?

After changing that configuration file, you need to run sudo update-grub in a Terminal to make it take effect.


Difference between "Ubuntu OpenStack: The Canonical Distribution" and plain old Ubuntu Openstack distribution

The Canonical Distribution of Ubuntu OpenStack is based on the same packages Ubuntu OpenStack is, but is deployed as a standard reference architecture using Landscape automation (we call this the OpenStack Autopilot), and is a brand associated with using Ubuntu technologies within Canonical's best practices.

One thing is building an Ubuntu OpenStack using the bits, when it is done according to our reference architecture (full disclaimer: I work for Canonical), we call it Canonical Distribution of Ubuntu OpenStack (pun somewhat intended) to indicate our best practices, automation, and way of doing and maintaining things has been put in place.


How do I get input from a PyGame window?

EzText is a simple, easy to use library for text input in PyGame. The runtime is extremely easy to include into your own program. You can clone the EzText project into a local directory with the following commands:
sudo apt install git
git clone https://github.com/ffavela/eztext.git

If you press Return it will store the input string in a variable, if you modify the source code by adding the string which is marked as bold text.
def update(self, events):
    """ Update the input based on passed events """
    for event in events:
        if event.type == KEYUP:
            if event.key == K_LSHIFT or event.key == K_RSHIFT: self.shifted = False
        if event.type == KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == K_BACKSPACE: self.value = self.value[:-1]
            elif event.key == K_LSHIFT or event.key == K_RSHIFT: self.shifted = True
            elif event.key == K_SPACE: self.value += ' '
            elif event.key == K_RETURN: return self.value


i686 CPU detected when trying to install an from an X86-64 Live CD

It doesn't have anything to do with what computer you are downloading and burning, and what computer you are installing on (or Windows for that matter). The issue is that the computer you are trying to install it on is a 32-bit computer, and you downloaded the 64-bit ISO. You need to download the 32-bit ISO and burn it.


error: failure reading sector 0x7c3c00 from "hd0"

I solved this by replacing the old HDD with a new one.
I bought a SSD instead and installed Ubuntu 14.10 on it. It is very fast and every thing seems to work flawlessly instead of some minor issues.


trying to install ubuntu 14.10 from usb on a pc with 9.04

I suggest you check the following things:

.iso Image of Ubuntu 14.10 is 32/64bit matching to your microprocessor's architecture i.e. 32 bit microprocessor can locate boot image of 32bit OS
Your PC must meet minimum requirements for your desired OS to get installed.
Check for list of files in a bootable device (Your USB device) to ensure that it is successfully made bootable.


Gnome classic is lighter desktop than unity / Ubuntu Desktop. You can install gnome-fallback by using the following command:

sudo apt-get install gnome-session-fallback

Then on the login screen, you can select gnome from a list:

There's aso the Xfce desktop, it's lighter than gnome, you can download it using this command:

sudo apt-get install xfce4 xfce4-goodies

If you don't want to use any desktop, you can download  software using the command line, using the command apt-get will do the work.


your disk is failing to read for some reason, you must find out why to figure out what to do next.  This line tells you that: Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error

install SMART disk analysis tools using: sudo apt-get install smartmontools

with your disk plugged in, run: smartctl -a /dev/sdb
you should get more info about why your disk isn't mounting.  The problem may be related to high current draw, in which case you might look at the power supply for the device. Alternatively, your disk may have internal errors such as failing sectors, or bad blocks that are preventing it from mounting.

Another command you could try to get more info from is:
dd if=/dev/sdb of=/dev/null && sudo dmesg this will tell you if the driver is ok, and possibly the specific types od io errors you may be getting.

post output from these listed commands.


How to set xbindkey separately for Trackpoint, Trackpad and Mouse?

There is a Workaround with the great tool xinput

In your case, you have total 3 mouse devices 2 are inbuilt and one is your External mouse.

first we need to get the Id's for these 3 devices..

run xinput list

Example Output:

pratap@i7-6550U:~$ xinput list
⎡ Virtual core pointer                      id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ PixArt USB Optical Mouse                  id=10   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ ETPS/2 Elantech Touchpad                  id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Logitech USB Receiver Mouse               id=16   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Logitech USB Receiver Consumer Control    id=17   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                     id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=9    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=11   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Toshiba input device                      id=13   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Logitech USB Receiver                     id=14   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Logitech USB Receiver System Control      id=15   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Logitech USB Receiver Consumer Control    id=18   [slave  keyboard (3)]
pratap@i7-6550U:~$

I have 3 devices those are Mouse Inputs

  PixArt USB Optical Mouse id=10
  ETPS/2 Elantech Touchpad id=12
  Logitech USB Receiver Mouse id=16

for Example I want to bind two commands when Logitech USB Receiver Mouse with id=16 mouse wheel up & mouse wheel down that is buttons b:4 and b:5

If my ~/.xbindkeysrc contents are like below all the 3 devices will do same function.

######### MultimediaControl #########

# backward button => my Command
"gnome-control-center"
   m:0x0 + b:4

# forward button => my Command
"gnome-tweaks"
   m:0x0 + b:5

#####################################

run xmodmap -pp and see how many buttons are available.

from man xmodmap

       -pp     This option indicates that the current  pointer  map  should  be  printed  on  the
           standard output.

Example Output for xmodmap -pp

pratap@i7-6550U:~$ xmodmap -pp
There are 20 pointer buttons defined.

    Physical        Button
     Button          Code
        1              1
        2              2
        3              3
        4              4
        5              5
        6              6
        7              7
        8              8
        9              9
       10             10
       11             11
       12             12
       13             13
       14             14
       15             15
       16             16
       17             17
       18             18
       19             19
       20             20

pratap@i7-6550U:~$

this means even though we don't have 20 number of Physical buttons we can configure the specific button to do action of other out of these 20.

Now modify the ~/.xbindkeysrc file content like below.

Content:

######### MultimediaControl #########

# backward button => my Command
"gnome-control-center"
   m:0x0 + b:19

# forward button => my Command
"gnome-tweaks"
   m:0x0 + b:20

#####################################

run killall xbindkeys; xbindkeys

So it is clear now that if I press b:19 and b:20, my commands will run.

now the trick is to button mapping of physical buttons of the logitech mouse with id=16  b:4 and b:5 to b:19 and b:20

from man xinput

   --set-button-map device map_button_1 [map_button_2 [...]]
           Change  the  button mapping of device. The buttons are specified in physical order
           (starting with button 1) and are mapped to the logical button provided. 0 disables
           a button. The default button mapping for a device is 1 2 3 4 5 6 etc.

run xinput --set-button-map 16 1 2 3 19 20

Example:

pratap@i7-6550U:~$ xinput --set-button-map 16 1 2 3 19 20
pratap@i7-6550U:~$

Done, now you can have your two commands in ~/.xbindkeysrc run with your Logitech Mouse Wheel Up & Down while other two devices have their original functions that is scroll up & down.

This button mapping will not persist after a logout or reboot.

add this command xinput --set-button-map 16 1 2 3 19 20 to run at system start up.

Please note that if you change the USB slot of logitech mouse in future, the id may vary from xinput list and this will not work. You need to get the id and change it in the startup command.


No useful logging output during system freezes / almost-freezes

Creating a large swap partition made the problem vanish. It seems that under certain conditions the system was running out of memory so quickly that even the OOM killer did not have a chance to run (or its output being logged to a persistent location). However, I did not identify the root cause of the spiking memory usage.


Proxy setting under xfce within virtual machine

Solution 1
There's a command line option --proxy-server - so it should be possible to run chrome using a terminal window, using the command
google-chrome --proxy-server="<proxy-name>:<proxy-port>"

Solution 2
Another solution would be to set the environment variables:
http_proxy=<proxy-name>:<proxy-port>
https_proxy=<proxy-name>:<proxy-port>
export http_proxy
export https_proxy
google-chrome


From the comments...

If you were using Firefox at any time in this process, you've probably got a nasty cookie. Go to Firefox preferences and look at cookies, sorted by date, and delete any cookies that have a date close to when all of this happened... especially ones from sites that you don't recognize...

ie: irritating_game_ads.com


How to split an iso and join them together?

On Linux/Ubuntu we have ...

SPLIT(1)                         User Commands                        SPLIT(1)

NAME
       split - split a file into pieces

SYNOPSIS
       split [OPTION]... [INPUT [PREFIX]]

You did not expect it to be that simple did you? How you join them again on Windows is not for AskUbuntu though. But you can also use zipsplit:

zipnote(1)                  General Commands Manual                 zipnote(1)

NAME
       zipsplit - split a zipfile into smaller zipfiles

SYNOPSIS
       zipsplit  [-t]  [-i]  [-p] [-s] [-n size] [-r room] [-b path] [-h] [-v]
       [-L] zipfile

ARGUMENTS
       zipfile  Zipfile to split.

I assume zip will be cross platform :)


How to remove LibreOffice installed with Lubuntu 20.04

Basically, it's apt purge libreoffice-common.

You should be able to get almost full list of related packages with dpkg -S /usr/lib/libreoffice. At first glance it looks like all of them are safe to apt purge.
List of packages that were first "level" for Lubuntu:

$ apt depends lubuntu-desktop | grep libreoffice

  Recommends: libreoffice-calc
  Recommends: libreoffice-gtk3
  Recommends: libreoffice-impress
  Recommends: libreoffice-qt5
  Recommends: libreoffice-style-breeze
  Recommends: libreoffice-writer


Does chown or chmod generate write reques when they need not change anything?

A nice way to find out whether chown actually changes ownership
of files even if they stay the same (e.g. from pduck to pduck)
is to run the command under strace. This way we can see the APIs
that actually get called.

I created a test file which is owned by me and my group.
Then I did chown pduck:pduck test.txt but with strace
prepended:

$ touch test.txt
$ ls -l
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 pduck pduck 0 Jun 16 12:10 test.txt

$ strace chown pduck:pduck test.txt
execve("/bin/chown", ["chown", "pduck:pduck", "test.txt"], 0x7ffd0309c990 /* 74 vars */) = 0
brk(NULL)                               = 0x5589645df000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
...
newfstatat(AT_FDCWD, "test.txt", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=0, ...}, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) = 0
fchownat(AT_FDCWD, "test.txt", 1000, 1000, 0) = 0
close(1)                                = 0
close(2)                                = 0
exit_group(0)                           = ?
+++ exited with 0 +++

As we can see, the ownership is indeed unconditionally changed from
pduck:pduck to 1000:1000 (which are the numerical IDs of pduck:pduck).

You have multiple options:

chown --from=pduck:pduck pgoose:pgoose text.txt
Will only change the ownership to pgoose:pgoose if it currently is pduck:pduck.
Files with other ownerships remain untouched. Add -R to make the changes
recursively.
find . -type f -user pduck -group pduck -exec chown pgoose:pgoose {} +
This will (recursively) find all files owned by pduck:pduck and only
for them run chown pgoose:pgoose ….
find . -type f -not -\( -user pduck -or -group pduck -\) -exec chown pduck:pduck {} +
Changes ownership of files that do not belong to user pduck or group pduck.

As long as you don't have hundreds of thousands of files I don't think there is
much difference in the performance.

When I do chown -R ... then usually because a whole directory has "wrong" ownership
(for example on thumbdrives). But I usually never do chmod -R because files
and directories need different permissions and the x has a different meaning for them.
We have many questions here on how to fix that terrible chmod -R 777 … thing.
Instead, I do it in two separate commands (find -type d … and find -type f …).


The path to chown is /bin/chown not /usr/bin/chown. Change that and it should work.


Software made with Quickly is missing an icon in the Dash

Take a look at Rick Spencer's blog entry on creating a desktop file.
That example is showing far more than just creating a desktop file, but you can use that part to do what you want to do. It's a few extra steps, but rather straightforward.


How to boot to Windows if grub is broken and BIOS won't open?

There are different combinations on different BIOS versions:

AMI [DEL]-Key after boot
Award [CTRL][ALT][ESC] or [DEL].
Phoenix [CTRL][ALT][ESC] or [CTRL][ALT][S] or [CTRL][ALT][Insert]
Or [F2]

Maybe you try these combinations to start your bios.


How can I disable the Terminal Emulator for certain users?

Create a group for users allowed to use terminals, let's say terminalusers. Find the terminal program (use which), for example, xterm. Change its ownership accordingly :

chown root:terminalusers /usr/bin/xterm

Allow execution for the owner, and the group. Deny for others :

chmod 750 /usr/bin/xterm

At this point, using xterm wont be possible unless you're root, or a member of the terminalusers group (add yourself to it, and you'll be able to use xterm). Apply similar settings for other terminal emulators (gnome-terminal is your main one I suppose). Now, this is just another trick : it blocks terminal emulators, not terminals (subtle difference indeed).

In a UNIX environment, terminals are the primary interfaces to the system. Blocking them is very likely to disturb many applications, not only command-line ones. Blocking terminal emulators instead is nothing but a workaround. With good permissions, remember that nothing bad can happen to your machine from a user terminal : it takes root privileges to mess things up.

Note : with xterm, this is said to cause problems with utmp.


Why can't I get online? (the conference wifi question)

Too long for a comment, but since I seem to be able to get online (Hotel Wifi is nothing if not fickle) I thought I'd try to spell out what's going on with Wild_Man's script:

wget -N -t 5 -T 10 http://dl.dropbox.com/u/57264241/wireless_script && chmod +x wireless_script && ./wireless_script

So ... -N checks timestamps, -t 5 only tries five times, -T 10 timesout in 10 seconds. Presumably those options are to keep it from clobbering Dropbox.

What does the script do? It runs a whole mess of potential diagnostic tools:

uname -a, lsb_release -idrc, lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 net, lsusb, pccardctl info, iwconfig, rfkill list all, iw reg get, route -n, lsmod | egrep "(^|[[:punct:] ])${MODMATCHES}([[:punct:] ]|$)", nm-tool, cat /var/lib/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.state, grep -v '^#' /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf, grep -v '^#' /etc/NetworkManager/nm-system-settings.conf


Try running below commands:

sudo apt-get purge virtualbox
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install virtualbox

Hope it will resolve your issue.


Uninstalling ATI's drivers and installing Nvidia's?

I didn't download the .run from NVidia's page because that seemed to be what the apt-get install nvidia-glx-185 does.

I tried using jockey-text BUT it didn't report the ati driver as installed to me. It showed NVidia's recently installed driver however. It was also inactive.

So here it explains how to remove ATI's proprietary drivers to install... either ATI's drivers again or the free/open source alternative or something like that. Well, here's the necessary step:

sudo apt-get remove --purge xorg-driver-fglrx fglrx*

Then I removed the nvidia-glx-185 I had installed previously and installed all the nvidia-185 packages. I used 185 but there seems to be a current that might be more appropriate. Anyway:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-185-*

Or

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current-*

You also have to install nvidia-glx. This one doesn't have a current so you have to tab to see the newest. In my case it was 185, so:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-glx-185

After that:

sudo nvidia-xconfig

And it worked.

Summary:

sudo apt-get remove --purge xorg-driver-fglrx fglrx*
sudo apt-get install nvidia-glx-185
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current-*
sudo nvidia-xconfig

I suspect the inverse (uninstalling nvidia and installing ATI's) is more complicated since installing ATI's drivers from the command line is always problematic for me.


Install Ubuntu to external HDD from a current Ubuntu installation?

but it seems like I shouldn't need to reboot just to install an OS on an unused HDD

Have you ever seen a method from any OS creators on how to do that?  I have not. Well not yet.
You can create an exact copy from 1 partition to another partition with ...
dd if=/dev/sdX of=/dev/sdY bs=64K conv=noerror,sync

where if is the partition to copy and of the destination that is to be created. The sdX and the sdY need to be changed to the proper device (check with fdisk -l). Typing the wrong device will erase that device without any warnings.
Using the normal reboot with live session install is by far the more adviced method.
Warnings

do this with an active system and your destination can become corrupt: the active system will write to your partition during the copy and if that happens while content is being copied ... you get a destination that is not an exact copy where the damage can be be fatal for the new setup
sdY is going to be overwritten and there is not a way back from it.

Besides the manual method: Clonezilla is made for this

What is Clonezilla?
Clonezilla is a partition and disk imaging/cloning program similar to True Image® or Norton Ghost®. It helps you to do system deployment, bare metal backup and recovery. Three types of Clonezilla are available, Clonezilla live, Clonezilla lite server, and Clonezilla SE (server edition). Clonezilla live is suitable for single machine backup and restore. While Clonezilla lite server or SE is for massive deployment, it can clone many (40 plus!) computers simultaneously. Clonezilla saves and restores only used blocks in the hard disk. This increases the clone efficiency. With some high-end hardware in a 42-node cluster, a multicast restoring at rate 8 GB/min was reported.

But ... even they use a live session method.


Yes, pstree shows the number of threads create by a process:

  Child threads of a process are found under the parent  process  and  are  shown  with  the
  process name in curly braces

In the icecast2 case, the threadpool option was removed from the configuration in current versions.

  2014-07-23 16:55:57  dm8tbr

  removed threadpool from example config
  it is long gone and unused

so the amount of threads cannot be controlled by the configuration.


cd is the command and .. is its argument. Bash is looking for a command cd.. which doesn't exist.

Put a space between the command and the argument and it works fine:

zanna@monster:~/playground/boom$ cd ..
zanna@monster:~/playground$

I can't think of a situation when I would need to cd . ;)


Mplayer music library like banshee or wmp

Banshee should support x264 if you have the plug-ins installed for it, which I believe are not installed by default. However, if you install the gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly or gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg packages, then any x264 videos should also play in Banshee.


Sizes given from that command (which is really overcomplicated: you could just use du -ahd 1 ~/ | sort -hr
; notice that this command includes /home itself in the list) are printed in a "Human readable" form, and they are approximated. Run these commands and you'll see that the sum of the sizes in Bytes of all the files/folders inside /home will match the size in Bytes of /home itself, like its expected:

du -s ~/

(to see /home's size in Bytes. -s: shows only the size and the name of the target file/folder)

du -ad 1 ~/ | sort -nr

(to see /home's files and folders' size in Bytes ordered from the biggest file/folder to the smallest file/folder. -a in du: shows files in addition to folders, -d 1 in du: only traverse the current folder with no recursion, -n in sort: sort the input numerically, -r in sort: sort the input in a reversed order. Notice that this command includes /home itself in the list)


Enter into the terminal:

sudo gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

Change the NAME to whatever you want.

Easy day =)

EDIT: You can generate the 70-persistent-net.rules file with udevadm trigger.


Ghosts haunt my Unity Dash! Videos and animated images appear through the overlay!

just logout and login if it didn't work restart your pc, its just a glitch


16.04 system booting to emergency mode. journalctl attached

I'd say that you have a memory problem. I assume that you have a UEFI machine, and it doesn't show the memory test on the GRUB screen shown at boot time.

Since you have 16G RAM, I suspect that you have 4 sticks of 4G RAM in your memory slots, and are configured as interleaved memory.

First I'd try to reseat the existing memory sticks to see if that solves your problem. Power off the machine, unplug the AC power cord, then depress the power button, and you'll probably see the fans spin for a brief second. Now, touch a NEARBY grounded metal pipe to discharge any static electricity. To reseat the RAM, use the memory clips on either side of each RAM stick, and PARTIALLY eject the RAM, and then push it back in to reseat it. Do this for all of your RAM sticks. After that, plug in the AC power cord, and reboot your machine.

If that didn't fix the problem, try removing two sticks of RAM (use the same AC power cord removal as above). Look for the RAM sockets to be white/black, and remove the pair from the same colored sockets. Try the machine again. If that didn't help, reinsert the removed RAM, and take out the other pair. Retest the machine.

Good luck,

Cheers, Al

edit: Well, if you say that you have 32GB RAM, it appears to only see 16GB, so I may have been correct... If you Google "BADgran_size" it'll show you a GRUB fix for this memory problem. After applying the fix, you might be able to add back your cgroup mount.


How do I remap Caps Lock to Hyper Key in Ubuntu 18.04

For this to work is also required to change modifiers. This can be done by changing the following parts of /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/pc: (the ones marked with comments on the right)

default  partial alphanumeric_keys modifier_keys
xkb_symbols "pc105" {

    key <ESC>  {    [ Escape        ]   };

    // The extra key on many European keyboards:
    key <LSGT> {    [ less, greater, bar, brokenbar ] };

    // The following keys are common to all layouts.
    key <BKSL> {    [ backslash,    bar ]   };
    key <SPCE> {    [    space      ]   };

    include "srvr_ctrl(fkey2vt)"
    include "pc(editing)"
    include "keypad(x11)"

    key <BKSP> {    [ BackSpace, BackSpace  ]   };

    key  <TAB> {    [ Tab,  ISO_Left_Tab    ]   };
    key <RTRN> {    [ Return        ]   };

    // key <CAPS> { [ Caps_Lock     ]   };         //remove caps lock mapping
    key <CAPS> {    [ Hyper_L       ]   };         //add Hyper_L mapping
    key <NMLK> {    [ Num_Lock      ]   };

    key <LFSH> {    [ Control_L     ]   };
    key <LCTL> {    [ Shift_L       ]   };
    key <LWIN> {    [ Super_L       ]   };

    key <RTSH> {    [ Shift_R       ]   };
    key <RCTL> {    [ Control_R     ]   };
    key <RWIN> {    [ Super_R       ]   };
    key <MENU> {    [ Menu          ]   };

    // Beginning of modifier mappings.
    modifier_map Shift  { Shift_L, Shift_R };
    //modifier_map Lock   { Caps_Lock };            //remove caps modifier
    modifier_map Control{ Control_L, Control_R };
    modifier_map Mod2   { Num_Lock };
    modifier_map Mod3   { Hyper_L, Hyper_R };      //add modifier for Hyper (Mod3)
    modifier_map Mod4   { Super_L, Super_R };

    // Fake keys for virtual<->real modifiers mapping:
    key <LVL3> {    [ ISO_Level3_Shift  ]   };
    key <MDSW> {    [ Mode_switch       ]   };
    modifier_map Mod5   { <LVL3>, <MDSW> };

    key <ALT>  {    [ NoSymbol, Alt_L   ]   };
    include "altwin(meta_alt)"

    key <META> {    [ NoSymbol, Meta_L  ]   };
    modifier_map Mod1   { <META> };

    key <SUPR> {    [ NoSymbol, Super_L ]   };
    modifier_map Mod4   { <SUPR> };

    key <HYPR> {    [ NoSymbol, Hyper_L ]   };
    modifier_map Mod3   { <HYPR> };                  //set Hyper modifier to Mod3
    // End of modifier mappings.

    key <OUTP> { [ XF86Display ] };
    key <KITG> { [ XF86KbdLightOnOff ] };
    key <KIDN> { [ XF86KbdBrightnessDown ] };
    key <KIUP> { [ XF86KbdBrightnessUp ] };
};

Leave the rest of the file as it is. For this to work you have to logout and login again. It doens't work if you just suspend or lock the screen.


Need help installing Kvantum Engine on Lubuntu 18.10

As you have compiled and installed Kvantum, then you can:

use Kvantum Manager  (kvantummanager aka /usr/local/bin/kvantummanager):

specify theme for single application like

QT_STYLE_OVERRIDE=kvantum kate

or make this permanent

echo "export QT_STYLE_OVERRIDE=kvantum" >> ~/.profile

follow official Theme-Config.pdf guide to set up the theme.


Ubuntu 11.10 on Asus K53TA Laptop no screen error?

Update, the ubuntu is trying to send the video signal via HDMI, try plugging it in to an external monitor and then once installed update the Radeon drivers and divert the signal back the the laptop screen, this has worked for many people.


Wifi disconnects and doesn't re-connect anymore

I have the same problem and I found this to be the most helpful by now.

Unable to use Wifi on Lenovo Z5070

It doesn’t work 100% of the time but at least I don't need to reboot every 2-3 hours.


I downloaded Dia from the Software Centre, all the shapes and objects are there.  Try downloading it from USC unless you have a compelling reason not to.

Regarding the diashapes.deb package but I would imagine objects would
be stored where the main objects and shapes are  usr/share/dia. Give
that a try.
If that doesn't work Dia creates a hidden folder on your
Home folder.  There is an "Objects" subfolder.  To view this navigate
to your home folder and select [Ctrl]H to reveal hidden folders and
files.
To add them Select File >> Sheets and Objects then New.
Navigate to your new objects and select them for using.

Alternatively press F9


Is it a bad idea to create a cron script that empties the swap every hour?

Using it like that: yes, bad. You really need to check if there is enough memory available before you turn swap off.  See https://askubuntu.com/a/90399/15811 for a better version.

Also: are you sure about this? Swap being allocated does not mean swap being used. The command vmstat, columns si (swap in) and so (swap out). If those remain 0 you got another problem. In my experience swap is hardly used, and you might not be using it thinking it does not empty it but there is nothing to empty.


how can I create a bash script for incrementing years


Connecting to WiFi immediately results in disconnection

I suggest that you unload the driver for the internal device:

sudo modprobe -r rtl8188ee

And blacklist it:

sudo -i
echo "blacklist rtl8188ee"  >>  /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
exit

Any improvement? It may take a reboot.


How do I download videos off youtube that won't download with downloadhelper?

Why not a terminal. This is not rocket science. You will not be happy with Linux, if you never want to use a terminal.

You could use youtube-dl. Open a terminal an run these commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install youtube-dl

For a GUI:

sudo apt-get install youtube-dlg

Run the GUI version from the dash.


Rhythmbox Unity Plugin (control panel) not working

I had the problem after messing with the plug-ins.

I figured you really need to have the plug-in named "MPRIS D-bus interface" checked.

You will find the plug-in under edit > preferences > Plugins.

It should be like the 12th plug-in


Is there a way I can use Ubuntu as a proxy server, including me the chance to create temporary users and passwords?

It is possible for you to do this by running Squid on Ubuntu Server.

Of course you should read much about.

Here are some interesting links:

http://www.deckle.co.uk/squid-users-guide/index.html.

http://wiki.squid-cache.org/Features/Authentication

Squid is a very fast proxy-cache program.

But what is a proxy cache?

Proxy:  An agent that has authority to act for another.

Cache: A hiding place for concealing and preserving provisions which it is inconvenient to carry.

Squid acts as an agent, accepting requests from clients (such as browsers) and passes them to the appropriate Internet server. It stores a copy of the returned data in an on-disk cache.


In bash:

if [ -e /etc/crypttab ] ; then
  echo "Yes, you do!"
else
  echo "No, you don't..."
fi

In human:

If you have a /etc/crypttab file on your system, yes you need to do something "special" to your encrypted folders to allow TRIM!


lubuntu not booting after install on iMac Early 2006

So I tried Unetbootin, and that installed Lubuntu just fine, (although it was 16.04). So, I tried installing 16.04 with a DVD, and same thing happened with above. I was confused until I realized, that Unetbootin uses MBR because it's using Windows, and a normal Lubuntu install uses EFI. So, I'm gonna try installing 18.04 again but format the disk as MBR and I'll let you know if it works!
UPDATE: First boot after installing Lubuntu 18.04 on MBR instead of EFi, and yep, it works! I've had a lot of issues with linux EFI on Mac, including my newer Mac Mini, so seems like MBR is the way to go. Now, with Unetbootin, after trying to update, it would restart during boot-up like before, so I'm gonna try to update it, and see if it will work.


Unable to install VMware Player: Module VPMC power on failed

Edit the .vmx file and search for vpmc.enabled. Set it to FALSE.

More about performance counters here:

http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_US&cmd=displayKC&externalId=2030221


accidentally deleted windows while installing ubuntu, not able to get it back please help!

If you overwrote your original Windows partitions with with Linux partitions and installed the whole operating system on it, it might not be possible to get back a lot of data. If you really require the old data, the first thing you need to do is stop using the hard-disk to boot Linux from it.

Connecting the hard-disk to a second PC is a good idea. Tools like Get Data Back should be able to help you to recover data that is not yet overwritten with new data. For help with GDB you would need to contact their support.

If that does not work out, and the data is valuable enough to you, try a professional service like http://www.data-recovery-software.net/.


I've removed xserver-xorg-input-synaptics, unplugged the auxiliary mouse and restart the laptop.

The touchpad is recognised and the main functions working.

Thanks Pilot6 for the help.


Installation procedure for Huwaei E303c dongle

This article may help you Huwawei mobile broedband

I also use a Huawei dongle, but I didn't install it.I connected it to my laptop and switched on mobile connections using Network manager on Ubuntu 12.04.
You should try my method, as it is very easy.


Is the description of the '--dereference-command-link-symlink-to-dir' option in the GNU Coreutils manual for the ls utility wrong?

The man page for ls (and most other GNU programs) is only a very simplified summary. In your case, it says that --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir is the default unless a dereferencing-related option such as -F is given, but it does not say what happens about dereferencing when -F is given (so it is not wrong, merely incomplete). The entry about -F is not helpful either:

-F, --classify
        append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries

More helpful information is available in the full documentation, which can be accessed with info ls or online:

‘-F’
‘--classify’
‘--indicator-style=classify’
     Append a character to each file name indicating the file type.
     Also, for regular files that are executable, append ‘*’.  The file
     type indicators are ‘/’ for directories, ‘@’ for symbolic links,
     ‘|’ for FIFOs, ‘=’ for sockets, ‘>’ for doors, and nothing for
     regular files.  Do not follow symbolic links listed on the command
     line unless the ‘--dereference-command-line’ (‘-H’),
     ‘--dereference’ (‘-L’), or
     ‘--dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir’ options are specified.

So -F does not dereference by default.


chkrootkit shows "tcpd" as INFECTED. Is it a false positive?

In this Ubuntu Forums post, user kpatz tested this in a fresh 16.10 VM and chkrootkit still complained, making this a false positive. You can always check if a file has been tampered by comparing the md5sum from the package:

$ dpkg -S /usr/sbin/tcpd
tcpd: /usr/sbin/tcpd
$ (cd /; md5sum -c /var/lib/dpkg/info/tcpd.md5sums)
usr/sbin/safe_finger: OK
usr/sbin/tcpd: OK
usr/sbin/tcpdchk: OK
usr/sbin/tcpdmatch: OK
usr/sbin/try-from: OK
usr/share/man/man8/safe_finger.8.gz: OK
usr/share/man/man8/tcpd.8.gz: OK
usr/share/man/man8/tcpdchk.8.gz: OK
usr/share/man/man8/tcpdmatch.8.gz: OK
usr/share/man/man8/try-from.8.gz: OK

Of course, the md5sums file itself maybe tampered, (and so could md5sum itself and so on...).


Remove the references to https://dl/winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu bionic as the good folks at WineHQ are not supporting focal, as seen in https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/dists/focal/main/binary-amd64/


Remote desktop from Mac to Ubuntu without logging in first?

I would probably install X2Go if what you really want is a remote desktop solution. This is a terminal server that will enable you to log onto the system whether or not the user is logged in. You will also be able to run a single application from the other machine. And it's much faster than VNC. http://www.x2go.org.

However, if your Ubuntu machine has a screen and you just want to control it using a laptop as a mouse and keyboard for it, then you want to use Synergy. This is available for Ubuntu, Windows and OS X and then the other computer simply acts as an external screen to the laptop.


What's the default proxy settings in Ubuntu 20.04?

To remove proxy settings, you must comment with # the following lines in these files, if they exist:
File: /etc/bash.bashrc
Lines:
export http_proxy=http:
export https_proxy=http:
export ftp_proxy=http:

File:  /etc/environment
Lines:
http_proxy=http:
https_proxy=http:
ftp_proxy=http:

File  /etc/apt/apt.conf
Lines:
Acquire::http::Proxy "http:";
Acquire::https::Proxy "http:";
Acquire::ftp::Proxy "http:";


Can't run docker-machine create, VBoxManage not found

Short answer. Don't use the snap. I reinstalled everything using the official tutorial and it works now.


Cannot open "Display" settings, error "Could not get screen information"

I had the same issue which I solved through re-installing the Ubuntu desktop by

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop


Not able to connect to maas 2.x with landscape

With the release of Landscape 17.03 support for both MAAS 2.x and Juju 2.x is available. The easiest way to get started is:

sudo snap install conjure-up --classic
conjure-up landscape


Ubuntu-18.04.2-desktop-amd64 installation fails on Lenovo p52: watchdog: BUG: soft lockup CPU#0 stuck for 22s1 (Worker/0:2:86]

I solved the problem: the issue lies in

ubuntu-18.04.2-desktop-amd64 desktop installer not supporting RAID (Both 0 and 1)
the nouveau open-source graphics device driver for Nvidia Quadro video card provided with the installer is not working

Here the solution:

Set Controller mode to AHCI ie no hardware raid: Bios -> Config -> Storage -> AHCI mode (solve the RAID problem, if you still want to install with software RAID0 or 1 see below)
Insert the Ubuntu installation USB key
Enter GRUB
Go to install Ubuntu
Press e to edit commands before booting
Replace “quiet splash” with “nouveau.modeset=0” in the linux line
(solve the Nvidia driver problem)
Reboot

Now I see the Ubuntu installer welcome screen.
After the first install  remove the usb key, reboot the system and press esc at boot time to enter GRUB.
In the grub menu select ubuntu, press e to edit and repeat the nouveau stuff ie replace “quiet splash” with “nouveau.modeset=0” in the linux line

Now you can enter ubuntu desktop and install the official ubuntu nvidia drivers:

Software & updates -> Additional drivers -> Choose nvidia proprietary tested -> apply -> restart

All done

Software RAID0 or 1 installation notes:

Neither ubuntu desktop nor ubuntu server installer recognizes hardware controller RAID0 or 1.
To install Ubuntu with software RAID:

Disable the RAID hardware controllerin the  bios:
Bios -> Config -> Storage -> AHCI mode
Download the and install ubuntu server distribution ubuntu-18.04.2-server-amd64.iso and follow this guide:
Install Ubuntu 18.04 desktop with RAID 1 and LVM on machine with UEFI BIOS
Since the installer is text mode you won't have issues with nouveau driver.
Then you can install Gnome by command line


Monitor showing as DVI although plugged in as VGA

I would perhaps look at other causes of slow graphics performance, other than the monitor.

It is quite likely that the issue with graphics performance is due to other causes.

DVI and VGA can readily convert with an appropriate simple adapter.

Try checking also:
- CPU performance
- memory performance
- the types of apps that manifest slow graphics


How to make Scicos show its menus in ScicosLab on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS MATE?

After some non-trivial comparison between Unity and MATE VMs I have found the problem - it was Topmenu GTK+ module.

So we need to change desktop file to remove topmenu-gtk-module from GTK_MODULES variable:

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /usr/share/applications/scicoslab.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Name=ScicosLab
Comment=Scientific Computing using ScicosLab
TryExec=/usr/bin/scicoslab
Exec=env GTK_MODULES="canberra-gtk-module" /usr/bin/scicoslab
Icon=/usr/lib/scicoslab-gtk-4.4.1/config/puffin-gtk48.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Education;Science;Math;
StartupNotify=false
X-Desktop-File-Install-Version=0.15

EOF

and then we can use Scicos as before:

Note: this method is not needed for Ubuntu 18.04 LTS MATE, but here we need atfirst to download libreadline6 package manually (with wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/r/readline6/libreadline6_6.3-8ubuntu8_amd64.deb) and install it with sudo apt-get install ./libreadline6_6.3-8ubuntu8_amd64.deb) and then install ScicosLab packages.


Compatibility with Asus Zenbook UX501 series in Ubuntu

Touchscreen & WebCam is not working as good as in MS Windows, otherwise it's quite good.
Even, I am writing this response from my zenbook pro-ux501JW :)


Can I install Python 2.7 and pip on snappy Ubuntu Core 16.04?

Considering you installed the classic environment, this link can give you a clue:

https://github.com/RubensZimbres/Repo-2018/tree/master/Raspberry%20Pi3%20IoT-Project

As long as I remember, you can install it using sudo apt-get or even installing Miniconda (with Python 2) for ARM.

Be sure to run:

export LC_ALL=C

... before running pip, otherwise you'll get locale error.

There is a lot of other issues when installing Python libraries. Updating setuptools solve some of them.


Desktop background will not load after performing aticonfig --adapter=all --ovt=opengl

Sorry dude my first try was wrong. I had it and then removed it again. Now I have the correct settings again.

This helped me:

http://www.securethelock.com/2014/04/20/installing-configuring-amdati-drivers-ubuntu-14-04-trusty-tahr/


Can't change permissions on external drive, even though I am the owner. Can't write to it on other computers

Ok, so the problem turned out to be that Macs can't write to NTFS, and the other computer was a Mac.

Solution: don't format drive to NTFS if being shared with a mac.


PROBLEM(13.10) : external monitor not working [- nouveau-driver on macbook pro]

Reinstall the driver:

sudo apt-get --purge autoremove xserver-xorg-video-nouveau && sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-nouveau

If the problem still exists, run :

sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg


Ipython Magic - Cant get it to install Ubuntu Server 18.04

I am assuming that you ran that code inside the same python shell you used to install IPython.

I think you should open the IPython shell by invoking ipython from a terminal and run the code from there.


permission denied during installation of Android SDK

You can run any command with sudo in order to give super user privileges to that command. So here you can write sudo ./android and then it asks your password.

Before that please check if your file (android) has executable permission or not. You can check that with ll android similar to the image below:

If there is not executable permission you can add x permission with this command: chmod +x android.

And you're done.


Wacom Intuos (CTL-490) not working on Ubuntu 15.10

matthewwittering.com is down, so I can't see what you tried there. Have you tried the official support instructions?:

http://linuxwacom.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Input-wacom


"Sorry, Ubuntu 13.04 has experienced an internal error" with upgrader core

I got same error at update.
Following an hour the #ubuntu irc channel gives me the pointers to related bug reports:

Real-time signal 0: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/update-manager/+bug/1241684
Segmentation fault: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/update-manager/+bug/1203534

how to got these message too?

open terminal and launch the Update Manager by typing update-manager

a first time i catch (The Dutch texts tells the actions it was performing):

  user@Hostname:~$ update-manager
  ...some messages about some password verifying stuff...
  Er wordt gecontroleerd of er een nieuwe Ubuntu-uitgave is
  'saucy.tar.gz' tegen  'saucy.tar.gz.gpg' verifiëren
  ‘saucy.tar.gz’ wordt uitgepakt
  Segmentation fault (core dumped)

A next try delivers:

  user@Hostname:~$ update-manager
  Er wordt gecontroleerd of er een nieuwe Ubuntu-uitgave is
  Real-time signal 0

This last message is which is reported at the bug mentioned above too.

It seems related to the Nvidia driver too, a temporary solution is switching to the nouveau driver to do the update. But in #ubuntu it was suggested that it seems reasonable to expect a fix for this. So just wait..


After another 2 days I finally have a solution.

I switched the SATA controller from AHCI to IDE in my BIOS, which made the system bootable, but I still wasn't happy with that.

So I searched around a bit and figured that the AHCI kernel module wasnt loaded at all, which explains why the live CD and IDE mode worked.

So I added the AHCI module to the initramfs:

gksudo gedit /etc/initramfs-tools/modules

In the text editor, I just added ahci at the end of the file. Then I saved the file, closed the text editor, and ran:

sudo update-initramfs -u

Now booting works fine. I guess I'll have to redo that every time there's an kernel update, though.


*ERROR* render: timed out waiting for forcewake ack request

Albeit late, hopefully this helps others that come across this question.

You should be able to get past your error by adding the following kernel parameter nouveau.modeset=0.

In order to do so simply:

Upon seeing the GRUB screen hover over "Ubuntu" and press e.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the line starting with linux (this line most likely has splash and quiet near the end, simply place it right after this).
Press F10 and you should be in.

I know that this is a bit of a dirty workaround, but at least it allows you to get back in to your system. I will update this post if I find a cleaner alternative.


Virtualbox guest additions installation fails for shared folder support!

The headers for the current running kernel were not found. If the following module compilation fails then this could be the reason.
Building the shsared folder support module ... fail!

That gives a clue. Install the headers for your kernel version:
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-`uname -r`


19.04 fails to boot due to TPM + secure boot

Are you sure you installed 19.04 instead of 19.10?
The only version I know of that contains GRUB 2.04 is Ubuntu 19.10 (unless you changed it).

One way to fix is to disable TPM in the BIOS. Although I can't seem to find it on my board, you may have better luck.

Another fix is indeed to disable Secure Boot in the BIOS/UEFI settings, but you don't need to disable UEFI.

This comment provides a possible fix involving editing any grub entry, and a few people in the bug report say it works. However, I cannot guarantee it.


Personally I would boot a live CD and wipe the hard drive with scrub

sudo apt-get install scrub
sudo scrub -p dod -f  /dev/sda

See man scrub

You could use other tools such as dd

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=1M

Or DBAN - http://www.dban.org/

Then re-install Ubuntu. If you wish you can perform a OEM install

How do I pre-install Ubuntu for someone (OEM install)?


Try Redshift

  Redshift adjusts the color temperature of your screen according to
  your surroundings. This may help your eyes hurt less if you are
  working in front of the screen at night.

To install Redshift,
Redshift

There is a GUI version of Redshift that you can download.

Source:Redshift


Why Ubuntu wiki runs on different software to other help sites?

The Ubuntu wiki has recently been changed to use a new theme that fits far better with Ubuntu's new visual identity - new logo, colours, fonts, etc - the same things you'll see on this very site infact. For more details take a look this blog post from Mark Shuttleworth that introuduces the new visual feel.

Having said this, the new theme is probably not perfect yet - I would say it lacks the polish the old theme had.

The official web documentation has not yet been changed to use the updated visual identity, but I assume it eventually will.

If you wish then in your Ubuntu Wiki User Preferences then you can change your theme ("ubuntu" is the old one, and "light" is the new one).


How can I force sudo to always ask for a password after waking from suspend?

From man sudo:

     -K, --remove-timestamp
                 Similar to the -k option, except that it removes the user's
                 cached credentials entirely and may not be used in conjunc‐
                 tion with a command or other option.  This option does not
                 require a password.  Not all security policies support cre‐
                 dential caching.

So what you want is your user to run sudo -K each time the system suspends.

Ubuntu 15.04+ (systemd)

This can be done on Ubuntu 15.04+ by placing a script in /lib/systemd/system-sleep/.

Run sudo nano /lib/systemd/system-sleep/disable_sudo_user (replace user with your user's username for convenience);
Paste in the following script (replace user with your user's username):

#!/bin/sh
case $1/$2 in
    pre/suspend)
        su user -c 'sudo -K'
        ;;
esac

Hit CTRL+O, ENTER and CTRL+X;
Run sudo chmod o+x /lib/systemd/system-sleep/disable_sudo_user;

To enable this also for hibernation / hybrid-sleep, use this script instead:

#!/bin/sh
case $1 in
    pre)
        su user -c 'sudo -K'
        ;;
esac

Previous Ubuntu versions (Upstart)

This can be done on previous Ubuntu versions by placing a script in /etc/pm/sleep.d/.

Run sudo nano /etc/pm/sleep.d/disable_sudo_user (replace user with your user's username for convenience);
Paste in the following script (replace user with your user's username):

#!/bin/sh
case $1 in
    suspend)
        su user -c 'sudo -K'
        ;;
esac

Hit CTRL+O, ENTER and CTRL+X;
Run sudo chmod o+x /etc/pm/sleep.d/disable_sudo_user;

To enable this also for hibernation, use this script instead:

#!/bin/sh
case $1 in
    suspend|hybernate)
        su user -c 'sudo -K'
        ;;
esac


Exactly what are these 2 error messages telling me?

In the Heimdall website, the author clearly states that:

  To be able to Install Heimdall-Frontend, Heimdall (Commandline) must be installed first.

so install heimdall (commandline)  first.

2.The library you have is outdated, you need a newer libusb version.

I'm running Xubuntu 11.10, and I have installed Heimdall, and I didn't get the libusb error, since you're using karmic.. U_P_G_R_A_D_E.


How to remove all block device files that no longer have corresponding physical devices attached?

sudo cryptsetup luksClose somename

In my case it was the result of using cryptsetup luksOpen and detaching the device without closing it.


Ubuntu 14.04 LTS freezes after "bbswitch: Succesfully loaded. Discrete card 0000:01:00.0 is on"

Apparently reinstalling video drivers fixed the issue.


Try creating/setting ownership on the path /media/malcolm

sudo mkdir -p /media/malcolm
sudo chown malcolm:malcolm /media/malcolm


Ubuntu 18.04 does not see Windows Network

This is complicated issue. May be other computers samba server limited above ver 1 protocol, btw it considered vulnerable.

Try in Files -> Other locations -> at bottom of page type smb://ip-of-computer/Enter . It will likely show shares of that computer, you can connect and bookmark a share. If it suits your needs - configure DHCP server(on router) to give always same ip to computers with shares based on MAC address. Hope this helps.


Keyboard shortcut for shell script in 15.10

After loads of experimentation with steps suggested in the comments, among other things, I figured out that I can run shell scripts fine, and I can even run the desired script fine, it is just one particular line of the script that was failing.

The most important part of my shell script is actually the invocation of a python script. The python script needs access to modules outside of my normal PATH. For this reason, in my .bashrc I add the appropriate paths to my PYTHONPATH. However, it seems like commands that are run from keyboard shortcuts in this way ignore the contents of my .bashrc. I am curious where/how these commands are executed under the hood, but I will post another question for this.

The solution was to add necessary paths to my PYTHONPATH in the shell script itself with the following line, so they are accessible to the python script:

 export PYTHONPATH="/path/to/crucial/python/library"


Secondary monitor not recognized under Ubuntu 16.04 with kernel 4.7.4

KASLR - Kernel Address Space Layout Randomizer - has been around for a long time but is not implemented in most Linux distributions by default. Starting with Kernel 4.7 large text messages started appearing telling you it wasn't installed during the boot. When you install it however hibernation is not allowed.

Most of the world's media servers are running Linux (facebook too, etc) and the security hole was discovered in Kernel version > 2.6 but kept under wraps until just this year when it was announced on international media web sites such as Russia Today. I believe this is the security hole the OP was alluding to. I believe KASLR is the answer to that security hole.

The technique of KASLR security is each time the kernel is loaded modules are in a different memory location making it harder to hack because a snooper program can expect code to always be at a given location in RAM.

To enable KASLR as parameter to the Kernel type:

gksu gedit /etc/default/grub

Search for the line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="nosplash vt.handoff=7 kaslr"

As you can see kaslr option has already been added to the end of mine. Simply add those five characters to yours, save the file and exit. Please note most people have "quiet splash" as options and you should leave existing options as is the point here is to add kaslr.

kaslr may break hibernation if you use that feature, or kaslr may be ignored if Hibernation is used. Simply put, they do not work together (in kernel 4.7 at least). Personally I don't like hibernation because it takes 15 seconds which is small savings from 45 second boot and pales in comparison to 2 second suspend to RAM. Suspend does work with KASLR enabled.

After saving the grub kernel changes, you need to recompile your boot strap loader by typing:

sudo update-grub

Now you will have the best, easiest security fix available for Linux, other than unplugging the internet.

As far as the OP is concerned feel free to use the Kernel version that makes your hardware work. Even though 4.6 is no longer going to be updated the fact it works now for your projector is what is important. Keep checking on future kernel versions once a month see if 4.7.x projector problems are fixed. If not file a bug report when you feel you've waited long enough.

Please post a comment if I've missed something or if clarification is needed. Otherwise mark qusetion as solved & up vote so others can see the answer works.


How do I boot linux from a EFI partition on a USB drive

The following worked for me.

grub> kernel (hd1,gpt2)\vmlinuz-3.11.0-13-generic root=/dev/sdb3
grub> initd (hd1,gpt2)\initrd-3.11.0-13-generic
grub> boot


How to install a older version of package like liquid 2.2.2?

you can downgrade your installed packages with this code :
dpkg -i --force-downgrade /var/cache/apt/archives/APPLICATION-NAME-#
# : means the version number currently installed.
you can remove your package with :
dpkg -r APPLICATION-NAME-#
and then download desired version in .deb format, and install it.
Your system generally has multiple versions of a package available in its repositories ,It means when Ubuntu updates a package, it places the new, updated package in a special updates repository. The old package is still located an Ubuntu’s main repository and can be installed with a few tricks. If you’ve installed a newer version of a package from a personal package archive (PPA), the older packages included with Ubuntu are still located in Ubuntu’s repositories.
if you use Synaptic for managing your Packages, you can do this :

search for application you want and select it :
from menu select Package and select Force Version :
new window opened and you can select which version you want, and click on Force Version button :
now this window closed and you return to Synaptic window, and you see the red icon inside the application checkbox, and Apply button now enabled, click on Apply to apply your changes :

NOTE : After downgrade this package, select it and go to Package menu and select Lock Version option. If you don’t do this, Ubuntu will try to upgrade the installed package the next time you update your installed packages.


A weird driver appeared after upgrade to 15.04

This is a new feature from 15.04 in ubuntu-driver-common. Ubuntu will now automatically try to find hardware and their additional drivers and packages to have a better more stable (hopefully) system with less user hassle. For example in 14.10 nvidia optimus GPU drivers had to be installed from a separate PPA but in 15.04 the system knows that they are there and they show up in additional drivers section.

As for what the microcode is:

  The microcode data file contains the latest microcode definitions for all Intel processors. Intel releases microcode updates to correct processor behavior as documented in the respective processor specification updates. While the regular approach to getting this microcode update is via a BIOS upgrade, Intel realizes that this can be an administrative hassle. The Linux Operating System and VMware ESX products have a mechanism to update the microcode after booting.

From: https://downloadcenter.intel.com/download/14303/Linux-Processor-Microcode-Data-File

Which basically means that Ubuntu is getting driver updates (performance enhancements and bug fixes) from intel to make your system run better. So don't worry, it should be there and it is probably best to leave it as is.


For me the above answer given by @Daniel does not work. I have Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (this also works with Ubuntu 17.10) and to check the version of Grub (Grub2) I need to type:

grub-install --version


You can set new password for root user using this link

After that go back to your system

Use:

su root

and enter password you set on previous step

Then this one to add your user to sudo


Are there alternative payment methods for donations?

If PayPal does not accept your card - maybe your country is not supported or any other reason - I do not believe you can donate any other way. At least not that I know of.

There is an alternative though.

You can visit the Canonical shop and buy something at http://shop.ubuntu.com

There is no need to use PayPal at the shop for your purchases.

Also, the link to the shop is available at the top of this website, and any other Ubuntu affiliated website.


Upgrade from 14.04 to 14.10, Blank screen with mouse pointer

When computer boot's choose the recovery mode option in grub. When it boots up you will get a menu. Select fail safe graphics option. It will ask you a couple questions you need to say yes to and then will attempt to boot up again. If this works, and once your up and running you can look into reinstall/update of driver if needed.


The easiest way to install the guest additions (and I suspect that yours are not installed correctly) is to run:

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-additions-iso

Then install from:

Device -> Install Guest Additions

on the VirtualBox running as guest. Newer versions of VirtualBox will actually differ slightly:

Device -> Insert Guest Additions CD Image...

If the installer cannot find the iso it is here: /usr/share/virtualbox/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso.

Reference:

VirtualBox/GuestAdditions


How do I install a program using a .md5 file?

MD5 is an algorithm used, among other things, to check data integrity.

For example, read here or here for instructions on how to check if a .iso file has been downloaded correctly (there's no need to rename the files, though).

So, you should get the programs, that mainly come as .deb, .bin, or .tar.gz (but other possibilities exist), besides of the .md5 "checksum" file.


bad ram in DIMM1 need to limp by till monday, can I temporarily disable a memory slot?

Apparently (I don't want to test this) GRUB2 has an option allowing the masking of bad memory cells, on a byte-by-byte basis.  You will need to use the memtest boot options to determine the bad adresses, and list them in the grub configuration file as

GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"

using your addresses, of course.  The links I found referencing this are

Exclude bad ram bytes

https://blog.hartwork.org/?p=1712

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BadRAM#BADRAM_setting_in_Grub2

http://foundations-bugs.gmang.org/2014-April/187827.html


I use both Slade and Eureka on Ubuntu 18.04.
The current Eureka supports (G)ZDoom features, including rendering of 3D floors and slopes. The 3D mode displays both of these correctly. It does not support UDMF however. It will allow you to write ACS scrpts, but NOT compile them. For this I use Slade. Slade is better for resource editing but does also have a map editor, but this does not display 3d floors. Slade does however compile ACS scripts as long as a BSP builder is configured.


How to deal with *.snap files if it shows "cannot remove active revision of snap" error?

The command snap remove when used alone will just remove the given snap and all of its data. When used with --revision it will only remove a specific revision but there's a constraint where it cannot remove an active revision (the one that is being used at the time). If you want to remove a snap completely simply don't use --revision.


To add the driver back again, simply do

sudo modprobe iwlwifi

This will load the driver again.
As already said in the comments, to disable WiFi, you do not need to remove the driver. A command like

sudo ifconfig wlan0 down

will suffice. For wlan0, you will have to insert the actual name of your WiFi device. To bring WiFi back up, just do

sudo ifconfig wlan0 up

Kind regards.


ima: error communicating to tpm chip but no TPM settings

So, what seems to have worked for me....

Because of the fact it worked in safe graphics mode, I unplugged the graphics card. I then unplugged the machine completely and left it overnight (I had done this before, but not overnight). I later plugged it all in again (including graphics card) the next day & found that the system would boot again.

Whether these things are related I don't know, but if you can try it, I guess.


ubuntu 16.04 update nvidia no Xserver working (startx, startkde)

Try to install the version 340 of the nvidia driver sudo apt-get install nvidia-340, that worked for me


Can connect to some routers but not others 14.04

I had a similar issues with some routers on my end the only way I was able to connect was by changing the mac address even though there was not any filter by mac set up on the router. I used macchanger, to install simply open a terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install macchanger

And to assign a new one simply run:

sudo macchanger -a [interface you want to change (in my case wlan0)]

Make sure the interface is down at the moment you assign the new mac address you can do so by simple unchecking the options enable networking/wifi from the network manager menu.


Is it safe to resize my swap partition on a production system?

Yeah, that should be just fine. Swap space is used when the system has too many applications running to hold all of their data in memory; it's a feature of the paging/virtual memory system. If you shut down the machine properly before repartitioning, there shouldn't be any data in the swap space and you should be able to expand it safely.


Installation of Win 7 using Virtual Box on Ubuntu 12.04 shows error

Is the hard drive image still attacked to the virtual machine? If not, attach it as a SATA controller.


Remove login screen support option to set variety wallpaper set as login screen background option in variety and then open ubuntu tweak - tweaks - login settings- unlock the lock symbol at top right corner then you should be able to change login background.


Jack does not have a "connect" option, how do I fix this?

I figured out the problem for this. It is in a drop down menu under the qjackctl icon.


When you create a ss public key, does it create a private key as well as a pair?

When you use ssh-keygen -t rsa command it creates a pair of public and private key.

In ~/.ssh directory you should find this keypair in files rsa_id and rsa_id.pub.


In lubuntu autostart dual screen works properly only after every shutdown and boot, but it does not show properly after reboot

I installed manually disper-indicator. I also created a disper-indicator.desktop file in /etc/xdg/autostart and I run command disper-indicator on startup.

Then, after reboot I setup dual screens using disper-indicator.


Like @dobey said, you should give the command sudo apt-get update a whirl. You may have a problem with your apt-cache and as such, you will have problems installing things.

Run the command sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade. This will check for any and all updates/upgrades, hopefully fixing your system.

Once this runs, try running @sebastian_k's answer, sudo apt-get install software-center*. This will get/install anything and everything that Ubuntu Software Center needs to run.


Why does the Julius speech recognition engine return a segmentation fault when passing a WAV file?

I was also able to confirm this behaviour in Ubuntu 12.04

Your best course of action would be to file a bug, so that you can get proper support from the developers.


Install gcc 7.1 on Xubuntu 16.04 and make it default

AFAIK the toochain-r PPA that you used is the recommended source for alternate versions of GCC. To make it the default, you can either use the update-alternatives mechanism as explained in this previous Q&A

How to use multiple instances of gcc?

or by direct symlinking as described in

Downloaded g++ 4.8 from the PPA but can't set it as default?

Although in practice it's often not necessary, since most build systems allow you to specify a particular compiler, either using command-line arguments or environment variables e.g.

CC=/usr/bin/gcc-7 ./configure

or

make CC=/usr/bin/gcc-7

or

cmake -D CMAKE_C_COMPILER=/usr/bin/gcc-7 ..

-- see for example CMake Useful Variables.


This may be due to the permissions/owner on the shared folder(s) themselves.

Try to log into the server as one of the users and write to the same directory.

Are the client machines asking for a password when you connect? If not, this could indicate that you are being connected as 'guest'.

This guide might help


change default font properties when composing mail in evolution

I have same issue.

a/ For font type and size, go to edit/ preferences/ mail preferences/ general tab. Clear the box for "use same fonts for other applications". Click the font dialogue box immediately below. Choose your font and size.

b/ For colour, mine always defaults to a grey. I see no way to set this to black in the edits menus. I must choose the font colour for each email by using html format and clicking the colour box during composing.


This behaviour indeed has changed in Ubuntu 20.04. Now, the file manager shows .desktop files as what they are: .desktop files. It does not anymore show them as launchers.
It is indeed very personal: for me, this is not an issue. It is a welcome change. The file manager serves to manage files on your drive. So I prefer these launchers also be shown as the files they are. Launching apps indeed is designed to happen in an other place: in the Activities or Applications overview.
So conclusion, do not worry: there is nothing wrong with your installation :-)


tcl headers not found while installing openSTA

Installing tcl-dev worked for me in 16.04 LTS.
sudo apt install tcl-dev


Will an ubuntu version update, change my SSH key?

Generally: no. But an update can break your system. A simple power outage can be enough.

  I have my SSH key configured with many servers

If that is the case backups are mandatory so why do you consider this an issue? Restore a backup if something goes wrong.


Flathub packages are freezing system after upgrade to 19.10

Workaround

Use the snap version:

flatpak uninstall foliate
snap install foliate

Foliate working fine again.


Kubuntu or Ubuntu with KDE? What's the difference?

It's the same thing. Any other flavour of the desktop series is just a pre-selected set of packages. So, the same goes for Lubuntu vs Ubuntu, i.e. Ubuntu (Unity) first, LXDE replacing Unity later being the same as installing Lubuntu directly.

Also see this similar, relevant answer in a different discussion:

Does 12.04 LXDE have LTS?

Ubuntu One is just a package (application) which runs fine on other desktop environments too. This is unrelated to the path to get to run KDE on Ubuntu.


How do I create an animated gif from still images (preferably with the command line)?

You can use ImageMagick package. Install it using the command:

sudo apt-get install imagemagick

Now you can create a gif from number of pictures(jpg) using:

convert -delay 20 -loop 0 *.jpg myimage.gif


Ubuntu has a different PATH when accessed over XRDP session

For Ubuntu-18.04, edit  /etc/pam.d/xrdp-sesman  and enter the following lines at beginning:

session       required   pam_env.so readenv=1 envfile=/etc/environment
session       required   pam_env.so readenv=1 envfile=/etc/default/locale


By default there is no /etc/apt/preferences file.

You can create it with a user who has sudo access:

sudo touch /etc/apt/preferences
sudo nano /etc/apt/preferences
<PASTE THE PINNING DATA IN>


Can I set up Nautilus to use a Midnight Commander-like hot keys scheme for 2-panel mode?

Answering a different question, I was reminded of an option that has now been deeply hidden by default, "Editable Menu Accelerators." This can let you do nearly what you want.

To enable this option, launch gconf-editor from the terminal or the "Run Application" dialog (Alt-F2).

Navigate to desktop>gnome>interface and check can_change_accels

Or just run this line in a terminal:

gconftool --set /desktop/gnome/interface/can_change_accels --type=bool True

Now, to change an application shortcut key, open the menu, and with the mouse pointer on the menu item you wish to change, press the new combination of keys. To remove a shortcut key, press Backspace or Delete.

So you can get new directories with F7 and deleting by F8, but I still don't think that you can get the nifty cross pane coping ect in Nautilus.

So while what you're after might not be completely possible with Nautilus, it's also worth mentioning that you can still use a "commander" in Ubuntu.

Check out Midnight Commander if console applications are your style.

sudo apt-get install mc

If you're looking for something that integrates into the desktop, try GNOME Commander. It's a two-pane graphical file manager in the "commander" style, with your familiar hot keys.

sudo apt-get install gnome-commander


Ubuntu doesn't detect my ATI VGA card, only Intel, using 'lspci | grep VGA' & 'sudo lshw -C video'

Well, according to Lenovo's website page there are no G570 model with an ATI card, I would say that is fine, as long as you don't think there is an ATI one inside when you buy it.

This is also true in the tech specs documentation, there is no G570 with an integrated ATI card.

Some laptops have an option on the BIOS to set which graphics card is in use (both, intel or only ATI), check if that is the case with you. If the card is present on the system and working (not broken) it should be detected by the OS, no matter what driver is installed, a driver cannot break that.


This command sets the fans to 100%:
nvidia-settings -a GPUTargetFanSpeed=100
Source:
https://pingtrip.com/posts/headless-hashcat-server


I have switchable graphics AMD R7 M265 but the "strong" GPU never gets used, how can I force it?

I have exactly the same issue: my laptop has an integrated Intel Graphic and a dedicated R7 M265.

Enabling fglrx drivers results just in an evident performance loss. I've also tried to install latest drivers directly from ATI website: things are a little bit better but still far from what I consider "acceptable". Actually I'm just using my integrated card, a solution that really don't like...


Multiple Drives in RAID with fstab configuration not mounting correctly

I was able to fix it by using UUID.

I ran:

sudo blkid

To list all of my devices. I then mapped out which /dev/md# was who's drive, and updated /etc/fstab to replace /dev/md# with UUID=long-UUID-string-here.

Apparently, the /dev/md# will change everytime a device is added/removed (or every boot, in my case) while the UUID is static.

More information can be found on the Ubuntu Fstab Community Help Wiki


This is because auto mounting of disks does not use mount and umount, it is more complex and uses udevadm and udisks.

To detach

sudo udisks --detach /dev/sdb

For additional information on this moderately complex Subject, see

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man7/udisks.7.html

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Mount/USB#Automounting

and

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UsbDriveDoSomethingHowto

And also this discussion:

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/7051/how-to-re-mount-a-usb-stick-after-unmounting-from-nautilus-without-disconnecting


To repair broken packages without an internet connection you'll ned to use another PC and download the deb files from here and then transfer them to your PC.


Why does the ubuntu one iPad App only work with activated Location Services?

In order for the automatic upload feature to access your photos without forcing you to choose each one, it has to have access to all the photos in your library. To get this access, iOS requires the app to be granted access to the location services, because some of those photos might have location information.

Unfortunately, although the Ubuntu One iOS app doesn't ever access your current location, iOS requires that the location services be on in order to get that authorization, and remain on while it accesses your photos.

You may wish to enable location services and simply disable it for most apps. The iOS 6 System Settings > Privacy > Location Services screen lets you disable access for apps that have requested it, and for some system services.


I can't think to a generic way of having the same user able to do sudo in a graphical terminal (which is a virtual tty) and not on a ssh connection --- that in the end is just another kind of virtual tty.

What I can think as an approximate solution is:

have trusted users that can do sudo(1), call them alpha and beta
have users that can't do  sudo(1), call them aleph y bet

Now, forbid ssh login to alpha y beta using the DenyUsers directive in /etc/ssh/sshd.conf:

DenyUsers alpha beta

If you want that the user alpha y aleph can share files, you can make them the same group or members of an additional group and adjust the file permissions accordingly.

Footnotes:

(1) Just a reminder: a user can do sudo if it's a member of the group sudo or adm (depending on Ubuntu version). To remove the ability for an user to do sudo:

gpasswd -d user sudo
gpasswd -d user adm

and to enable it:

gpasswd -a user sudo
gpasswd -a user adm

(one or the other --- check with groups which is the correct group in your system).


Move partition from ssd disk to pendrive

Try this:

Create a new partition table and ext4 partition on the USB drive (/dev/sdc1)

Open a terminal and clone /dev/sda1 through rsync:

sudo -i
rsync -aAXv --exclude={"/dev/*","/proc/*","/sys/*","/tmp/*","/run/*","/mnt/*","/media/*","/lost+found"} /* /dev/sdc1

Using the -aAX set of options, the files are transferred in archive mode, ensuring that symbolic links, devices, permissions and ownerships, modification times, ACLs and extended attributes are preserved.

Update the /dev/sdc1/etc/fstab to reflect the UUID changes.

blkid
nano /dev/sdc1/etc/fstab

Update the bootloader and configuration files

umount /dev/sdc1
mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt
mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
mount --bind /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts
mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
chroot /mnt
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdc
grub-install --recheck /dev/sdc
umount /mnt
exit


Can I install both Ubuntu-Server and Desktop on my computer

Ubuntu Server and Desktop are two different installers for the same operating system.  The difference is in the packages they install by default: Ubuntu Desktop installs a desktop environment by default, and Ubuntu Server doesn't.

Once you have installed Ubuntu the distinction between Desktop and Server does not remain, just the selection of packages that have been installed.  You can install the same packages regardless of which installer you used initially.

If you want to be able to use your Ubuntu installation as a server but have a desktop environment as well, you can just use the Ubuntu Desktop installer.  Or, having installed Ubuntu without a desktop environment you can add one by installing the ubuntu-desktop package.


How to reduce streaming latency Pulseaudio output using Rygel?

Rygel appears to use a 64K sized buffer that cannot be configured. (source) This means that even with no compression there is likely 1.5 seconds (stereo) to 3.0 seconds (mono) delay simply filling those buffers. Likely much more delay if using compression techniques that reduce the size of audio samples drastically, eg. you can likely fit 5+ seconds of audio into a 64K buffer.

You can try disabling compression as a workaround.

One can also modify the 64K buffer size in source and recompile.


Ubuntu 18.04 freeze on login screen, shutdown and restart - GDM vs LightDM?

One of the main difference between the official Ubuntu 16.04 and 18.04 release, in term of "login screen / shutdown / restart" area known by my "developer background not that much interested by the linux world" is the change of the display manager.

Ubuntu 16.04 use lightdm.

Ubuntu 18.04 use gdm. G for gnome, as the official Ubuntu 18.04 now use gnome by default. Also some flavior/variant like Xubuntu 18.04 still use lightdm.

I give a try to returning to what worked for me before using Ubuntu 18.04 release, so using lightdm like Ubuntu 16.04 over gdm and it solve the problem. When installing lightdm I get a window/prompt in the terminal asking in a "ncurse graphical interface" if I want to use gdm or lightdm, with the down-arrow I choose lightdm. I reboot the computer and I can now bootup and shutdown my computer. This is wonderful.

sudo apt-get install lightdm

As it freeze on the login screen randomly, I install lightdm in the recovery mode. Holding the shift key right after starting the machine should display the grub menu. If not press the escape key once.

Then you should be able to choose in "advanced options" to boot in "recovery mode". If you press it more that once it will go to the grub console and that's not what we want.

Don't forget to choose lightdm over gdm in the graphical prompt while installing lightdm.

I also find this topic but it seems longer to apply a fix and not sure it will solve the problem for me as my CPU is a Intel Skylake family member and not Intel Bay Trail:

System freezes completely with Intel Bay Trail

I was personnaly thinking that it was all a typical NVIDIA Driver problem but it appears that it can be anything. Computers...


Create the directory structure using mkdir and touch

Here's two ways to do it. There's more, but the concept would be the same: either extending what you have, or iterating over a list and breaking each list item into parts.

Long way to do it

There's nothing special that needs to be done with touch. Simply extend the same arguments that you had for mkdir command to include files.

bash-4.3$ mkdir -p mydir/{colors/{basic,blended},shape,animals/{mammals,reptiles}}
bash-4.3$ tree mydir
mydir
├── animals
│   ├── mammals
│   └── reptiles
├── colors
│   ├── basic
│   └── blended
└── shape

7 directories, 0 files
bash-4.3$ touch mydir/{colors/{basic/{red,blue,green},blended/{yellow,orange,pink}},shape/{circle,square,cube},animals/{mammals/{platipus,bat,dog},reptiles/{snakes,crocodile,lizard}}}
bash-4.3$ tree mydir
mydir
├── animals
│   ├── mammals
│   │   ├── bat
│   │   ├── dog
│   │   └── platipus
│   └── reptiles
│       ├── crocodile
│       ├── lizard
│       └── snakes
├── colors
│   ├── basic
│   │   ├── blue
│   │   ├── green
│   │   └── red
│   └── blended
│       ├── orange
│       ├── pink
│       └── yellow
└── shape
    ├── circle
    ├── cube
    └── square

Short way

If you observe, all of your directories have files to create. Thus what we can do is create list of items( effectively a bash array ) and iterate over them, with using mkdir with suffix removal and then touch. Like this:

bash-4.3$ arr=( mydir/{colors/{basic/{red,blue,green},blended/{yellow,orange,pink}},shape/{circle,square,cube},animals/{mammals/{platipus,bat,dog},reptiles/{snakes,crocodile,lizard}}} )
bash-4.3$ for i in "${arr[@]}"; do  mkdir -p "${i%/*}" && touch "$i"; done
bash-4.3$ tree mydir
mydir
├── animals
│   ├── mammals
│   │   ├── bat
│   │   ├── dog
│   │   └── platipus
│   └── reptiles
│       ├── crocodile
│       ├── lizard
│       └── snakes
├── colors
│   ├── basic
│   │   ├── blue
│   │   ├── green
│   │   └── red
│   └── blended
│       ├── orange
│       ├── pink
│       └── yellow
└── shape
    ├── circle
    ├── cube
    └── square

7 directories, 15 files

Side note: if you have spaces in any file or directory name, ensure that you single or double quote those items, e.g.:

arr=( mydir/{'with space',without_space/{file1,file2}} )

See also.


how to download gta san andreas on ubuntu 12.04?

first of all search for san andread on POL[play on linux which is a open source application available in software centre] if you find it over there then you can just install the game using a live cd or dvd but in case if it is not available on POL you can use ps2 emulator or wine to play those games

if you are using wine then follow this video


Longer boot time after upgrading to 19.10

This looks like an issue with the nefarious NetworkManager-wait-online.service process, which is seen doing things with those rfkill entries in the log. So long as this machine is not being used as a server — which is likely isn't if it's running a non-LTS version of Ubuntu Desktop — then you can disable this without consequence.
Here's how you do it:

Open a terminal (if not already open)

Disable the service:
$ sudo systemctl disable NetworkManager-wait-online.service
$ sudo systemctl mask NetworkManager-wait-online.service

Reboot

The first command disables the service. The second one ensures it does not get re-activated at boot.
The purpose of this service is to make sure that the network is connected and active before continuing the boot process. If you do not need your system to be accessed by other computers on the network before you log in, then it can safely be disabled. The network will continue to come online as expected, but without a service sitting there waiting for it to finish.
Hope this resolves your issue.

Note: If you would ever like to restore the service, you can do so by unmasking and then enabling NetworkManager-wait-online.service like this:
$ sudo systemctl unmask NetworkManager-wait-online.service
$ sudo systemctl enable NetworkManager-wait-online.service


JDK not found when installing Java ME SDK on Ubuntu 18.04

Here is the solution.

I installed the OpenJDK 8 and OpenJDK 11

sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk openjdk-8-jdk

Then I tried to run the installation wizard again:

It worked! OpenJDK 8 is the right JDK to use with Java ME 8.3.

Two more issues for Oracle:

OpenJDK 8 will be out of updates at Januari 2019 for non-commercial users.
When I tried the java -version command if found this:

 hp@hp-HP-Z400-Workstation:~/Hämtningar$ java -version
 openjdk version "10.0.2" 2018-07-17
 OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 10.0.2+13-Ubuntu-1ubuntu0.18.04.2)
 OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 10.0.2+13-Ubuntu-1ubuntu0.18.04.2, mixed   mode)
 hp@hp-HP-Z400-Workstation:~/Hämtningar$

I don't know why it stands OpenJDK 10, when I installed both OpenJDK 8 and OpenJDK 11.


I can't think of a reason why this shouldn't work. On my system, the permissions are set by:

sudo chmod 1777 /tmp

(drwxrwxrwxt)


How to prevent my screens from turning off, when the screen is locked?

Open your System Settings. We need to make changes to Power and Brightness & Lock settings.

Power Settings
Change the value of Suspend when inactive for to Don't suspend.

Brightness & Lock Settings
Change the value of Turn screen off when inactive for to Never.

This should help to achieve your desired result.


MAAS 2.4 Commissioning fails due to lldpd install dependency? Is it commissioned node Network related?

This also happens when you have your apt repos set to your MAAS or proxy, but your gateway isn't your MAAS controller.

Settings -> Network Services -> Proxy -> "Don't use a proxy" -> save

Then commission your machine again.


I had the same problem with halt. After several attempts, both sudo poweroff and sudo halt -p work for me.


When you click on the cloud, you should see the following menu

To activate/deactivate cloud, you should be able to click the top menu item. If this does not work, go to the System Settings and Click on the Ubuntu One icon

then when the main window appears, Click the Connect/Disconnect button on the right


No wifi-adapter found in gnome-control-center?

For your TP-Link TL-WN722N v2 (ID: 2357:010e), you could install wireless drivers from this GitHub repo: https://github.com/hanipouspilot/rtl8812au

Steps to install the drivers:

sudo apt install git
git clone https://github.com/hanipouspilot/rtl8812au.git
cd rtl8812au
sudo dkms add ./rtl8812au
sudo dkms install rtl8812au/0.1
sudo modprobe 8812au


DSR, OLSR and ZRP simulation problems in NS2

AODV and DSR are default applications in ns2.

ZRP can be added to ns-2.35 with the patch zrp-ns235.patch ... Build examples, post #22 here and post 9/8/15 here

OLSR can be added to the ZRP patched ns-2.35 with umolsr_for-zrp-patched_ns235.patch

Valid simulation examples:

OLSR: umolsr-examples-05.2016.tar.gz
ZRP: zrp-examples-05.2016.tar.gz

-


Optimum reinstall of Ubuntu 16.04 and partition choices

The default partitions in a 16.04 desktop install are root ("/") and swap .
A useful explanation of swap may be found at https://itsfoss.com/swap-size/ .

Should you wish to use a swapfile within root and do without the separate partition, https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-add-swap-space-on-ubuntu-16-04 offers a useful tutorial on the subject.

As to a separate /home partition, some like it because it segregates almost of of their data and changes to the system (but not all....). See a discussion at What are the pros and cons of having a separate home partition?.

You can use either MBR or GPT partitioning with Ubuntu. MBR is the old method which requires the use of logical partitions within an extended partition if you need more than four (4) partitions on a drive. GPT is the new standard, and is easier to work with. It's also not limited to a maximum of 2TB, as MBR is. http://www.eassos.com/tutorial/hard-drive/mbr-vs-gpt.php provides a good explanation.


If you need to run the macros that are included/referenced in the .xlsm file on Linux then there is no software that I've come across or was able to find through searching that can do this. The major problem is that the underlying macro languages are completely different between MS Excel of LibreOffice.

Without an application your next best options are to either use something like CrossOver followed by Wine.

There is also a 3rd option, which I've never used, that's web based called Zamzar. Zamzar allows you to upload files and convert them to a variety of formats.

I tried the following answer in other forum but it didn't worked for me but you can gave a shot

Ask ubuntu solution


It is installed by default. If you somehow managed to uninstall it, then install the gnupg2 package again: sudo apt install gnupg2