Is there a maximum number of ppas that I can add?

Technically there shouldn't be anymore, according to this LP bug report a fix was released and "confirmed" for a bug in Apt/GnuPG as of 02/10/2015.

However, this bug still exists as of 15.04 (I can confirm, have had it affect both my vanilla Ubuntu 15.04 install and Ubuntu MATE 15.04 install), and thus you are, in effect, limited to 40 PPAs.

However, there is, AFAIK, no configurable limit to PPAs.


No, there is no lose of any functionality, you can easily upgrade and run gnome 3 as a desktop manager.


How to add an **existent** security group to a folder?

A file or directory can only have one group associated with it.

You change that group from the terminal using this command:

chgrp GROUPNAME FILENAME

Of course you have to replace GROUPNAME with the desired group and FILENAME with the file or directory you want to modify. Depending on your current permissions for this file, you might have to run the command as root (using sudo).


Is there any virtual MIDI loopback solution for Ubuntu/Linux?

In Linux, applications can create the same kind of MIDI port as drivers, so a MIDI loopback driver is typically not necessary.

If you want to use one anyway, you can use the "Midi Through" port(s) created by the snd-seq-dummy driver, which is loaded automatically.


How can I see a list of all the systray icons that are not whitelisted?

By observation, in Ubuntu 11.04, whenever an application tries to add an icon to the tray, there is a log entry with the word "TrayChild" in the file .xsession-errors in the user's home directory. You can get the list of denied entries with grep:

grep TrayChild "${HOME}/.xsession-errors"

To add that application's icon to the tray, which was my question too, the advise in this link works.
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1737589

Just execute this command, replace "YOUR_APPLICATION" with the executable name of the application you want to "whitelist".

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Panel systray-whitelist "['JavaEmbeddedFrame', 'Mumble', 'Wine', 'Skype', 'hp-systray', 'YOUR_APPLICATION']"


Removed JDK6, installed JDK7. JAVA_HOME broke and javac not installed

JDK 7 is in main ubuntu repository. You dont need extra PPAs or difficult compilation methods to install.

JDK7 can be installed by:

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk openjdk-6-jdk openjdk-7-jre openjdk-6-jre openjdk-7-jre-headless openjdk-6-jre-headless libgeronimo-jpa-2.0-spec-java openjdk-7-source openjdk-7-jre-lib openjdk-7-demo openjdk-6-source openjdk-6-jre-lib openjdk-6-demo openjdk-7-doc openjdk-6-doc jarwrapper


Google Chrome and Chromium closes after few seconds what to do

There was a problem in .config and .cache folder where Chrome's detailed folder is located.
I fixed it by deleting files named google-chrome-stable in ~/.cache and ~/.config and reinstalling Google Chrome.
I wrote up my solution here Google Chrome closes after a few seconds.


Cannot change keyboard layout after uninstalling Unity

After spending a very long day and a half trying to figure out why my keyboard layouts wouldn't switch from English (UK) to Russian on my main user account, I found the solution - I ran this command which I found on another askubuntu answer topic -

setxkbmap -option grp:alt_shift_toggle gb,ru

Where the gb and ru are the languages, and the alt_shift_toggle is the key combination to change the languages. However, because I have applied this sort of a hack, it means that the keyboard settings which I set via the GUI did not update and will remain in a "broken" state (at least that's how it is for me)...

Update: After logging out and logging back in, I found that my changes did not stay, and that I had to carry out that command again to be able to use both of the keyboard layouts...


How to add second extra network interface on Ubuntu 18.04 VM on OpenStack

I have this problem also , I manage to condigure them statistically

    ens4:
        dhcp4: false
        addresses: [10.20.7.23/24]

I think the problem is from second default GW , this need to be reported as a bug


Nautilus and file command in 11.04 don't show metadata for WebM files

The short answer is: yes, it is supported. At least on Ubuntu 12.04, when I download a WebM video, I get

user@machine:~$ wget http://www.808.dk/pics/video/gizmo.webm
(...output truncated...)
Saving to: `gizmo.webm'
(...output truncated...)
user@machine:~$ file gizmo.webm
gizmo.webm: WebM
user@machine:~$

It might be that your files are not correctly encoded and do not contain the magic numbers at the beginning of the file that allow to determine the file type. Maybe you could give us links to files that are not correctly identified by the file utility, or otherwise state how you created them.

EDIT: The Ubuntu version of the OP is 11.04 and apparently does not contain an up to date magic file recognizing WebM as a valid file format, possibly due to the fact that at time of 11.04 release the WebM was barely a year old. The magic file from 12.04 correctly recognizes the format.


HUD,zeitgiest and the record activity toggle

The "record activity" toggle switches Zeitgeist on or off; if it's off Zeitgeist doesn't record anything (but any already recorded events are preserved).

The HUD doesn't use Zeitgeist so it's not affected by the "record activity" toggle.


Do I GPG-sign my application before or after packaging?

The first step is to ensure you have your GPG installed on Launchpad. Details of how to set this up are at https://help.launchpad.net/YourAccount/ImportingYourPGPKey - this only takes a few minutes to set up.

When you have your GPG in place you are in a position to put a package in a PPA on Launchpad.

If you just want to generate a package and install it on your computer, you can do this by running quickly package (presuming you are using Quickly).

If you are not running Quickly just run dpkg-buildpackage when you have configured your packaging (Quickly automates this).

To publish to the PPA run quickly release (this will require that your GPG key is already set up).


running bash script on server to execute multiple MATLAB scripts

Notes:

Variable expansion doesn't work inside single quotes '' - so slave_$i in the second part of your command will remain slave_$i.
Since you know the path of the matlab command, run it directly using the full path, instead of starting in that directory and using ./matlab.
If -nosplash -r slave_process are arguments to matlab, they should be in the same command.
exit 0 is unnecessary.

Consider something like:

#!/bin/bash

for i in {1..5}
do
    gnome-terminal --tab  --working-directory="/mnt/projects/slave_$i" \
      --command='/usr/local/MATLAB/MATLAB_Production_Server/R2015a/bin/matlab -nodesktop -nosplash -r slave_process'
done


How do you get the very first boot messages smaller?

Provided your screen resolution is 1024x768 you should only need to add

GRUB_GFXMODE=1024x768
GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep

to /etc/default/grub and then run

sudo update-grub

Here is the diff of my grub file and the original one (my resolution is 1280x1024
):

$ diff /etc/default/{grub,grub.bak}
25,26c25
< GRUB_GFXMODE=1280x1024
< GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep
---
> #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480


Unity problems after changing graphic card drivers

When you have the nvidia driver not active fire up a therminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T.

Then install the missing kernel package

sudo apt-get install linux-source

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-3.5.0-18-generic

Reconfigure the graphic modules:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure nvidia-current-updates

Activate the driver with the gui or:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current-updates

Restart the computer

sudo shutdown -r now


SanDisk ImageMate SDDR-99 5-in-1 Card Reader help

It appears that this is a well-known kernel bug that was fixed in the latest linux-image: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2164982 and: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60717

What kernel version are you running?

uname -r

I suggest you update:

sudo apt-get-update && sudo apt-get -y upgrade

When I insert a USB cardreader in my system, the card mounts as follows:

  udisksd [1989] Mounted /dev/sdd1 at /media/chili/CANON_DC on behalf...

Do you have udisk and its dependencies installed? I checked in Synaptic and I have: libudisks2-0, udisks2, udisks, gnome-disk-utility and policykit-desktop-privileges installed. I suggest you check in Synaptic or, if Synaptic isn't installed, from the terminal:

sudo dpkg -s udisks

Continue for all the packages I listed and install any that are missing:

sudo apt-get install <package>

Then I suggest you reboot and try again with a 'tail' if it still isn't working.


How do I install the kernel headers as requested by this error message?

Install the package using your favourite package management tool. Use this link for use with software centre: linux-headers-3.2.0-48-generic-pae  or use apt-get for example:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-3.2.0-48-generic-pae

It would be better to include the metapackage as well, so that newer kernel updates also pull in the new headers: linux-headers-generic-pae

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic-pae

Please note that this answer is specific to your PAE kernel. Most users will run a i386 or amd64 kernel probably.


You'll need to run at least conda install ipython as root (sudo).

The same likely applies to the other commands.


Windows 8 dual-boot: bootloader problem (grub)

Ok, I think I've figured it out.  I just followed the instructions on the screen that Boot-Repair prints after it's finished (I tried to post an image but don't have enough reputation).

Anyway, I first tried changing the boot order and that didn't work (the only option it showed in the BIOS for HDD boot was Windows EFI boot).  So, I tried the typing the following command in the Windows command prompt (as recommended by Boot-Repair):

bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi

and that worked - now it goes into Grub if I restart from Windows.  I guess that command tells Windows to use Grub as it's bootloader ...


Can I upgrade from 12.04.5 (Precise Pangolin) to 14.04.5 (Trusty Tahr) and use Gnome (3.x or 2.x) as my main desktop environment?

I installed 14.04 and it's working fine (with GNOME Flashback)

I deleted my previous 12.04.5 LTS installation (because upgrading is as slow as hxxl and I backed up my files), I installed 14.04.5 LTS this morning, logged in, installed GNOME, and it was working! I am using now GNOME Flashback (Metacity) because the others are slow (GNOME 3 Normal is the slowest of all GNOME desktop environments on my PC, Unity is the slowest of all) and I am OK. I found the answer to my own question!

Bajiru

(P.S.: Sorry for the h- word above)


Who manage Amazon Web Service Ubuntu Server Images? - Seoul region

I copied ami-a7428ac6 from ap-northeast-1 and it seems to run fine in ap-northeast-2.

I suspect it's reaching cross-region for the apt repository updates, but I'm not personally worried about a little extra traffic during the setup stage.


How to track the total network data in a month


you could look in systemsettings -> keyboard -> shortcuts and resign using the GUI


Can compiz ring-switcher show high resolution icons for minimized windows?

I think you cant change that because Compiz use the icons from application itself:

See what maniac have said at Compiz forum:

The icons shown in the switcher are taken directly from the application itself. Run 'xprop' in a terminal, click on the window, watch out for _NET_WM_ICON and you'll see what I mean
It's not enough to change the 'start menu' icon (...)


Difference between Gnome-MPV and MPV-player

mpv is media player software, based on MPlayer and mplayer2. It has a simple GUI itself, and you can install it using:

sudo apt install mpv

it's the main project, however there are people trying to create a better and more exciting GUI for mpv based on GTK+ so it matches gnome desktop and its tools, so basically: GNOME MPV is a simple GTK+ frontend for mpv. GNOME MPV interacts with mpv via the client API exported by libmpv, allowing access to mpv's powerful playback capabilities.

mpv: the main project which provides all capabilities also known as mpv player.
gnome mpv: uses mpv as its internal.

GNOME MPV
MPV


Remove cacerts and link to /etc/ssl/certs by the following commands

cd /opt/Citrix/ICAClient/keystore/
sudo rm -rf cacerts
sudo ln -s /etc/ssl/certs cacerts

Source: comment by bdetweiler which helped me.


Have you tried generating an xorg.conf file since you don't have one? Check this link for the command and documentation.


Are there any disadvantages of using rm $(ls) to delete files?

No, it is not safe, and the commonly used alternative rm * isn't a lot safer.

There are many problems with rm $(ls). As others have already covered in their answers, the output of ls will be split at characters present in the internal field separator.

Best case scenario, it simply doesn't work. Worst case scenario, you intended to remove only files (but not directories) – or selectively remove some files with -i – but there's a file with the name c -rf in the current directory. Let's see what happens.

$ mkdir a
$ touch b
$ touch 'c -rf'
$ rm -i $(ls)
$ ls
c -rf

The command rm -i $(ls) was supposed to remove only files and ask before removing each one, but the command that was ultimately executed read

rm -i a b c -rf

so it did something else entirely.

Note that rm * is only marginally better. With the directory structure as before, it will behave as intended here, but if you have a file called -rf, you're still out of luck.

$ mkdir a
$ touch b
$ touch ./-rf
$ rm -i *
$ ls
-rf

There are several better alternatives. The easiest ones involve only rm and globbing.

The command

rm -- *

will work exactly as intended, where -- signals that everything after it should not be interpreted as an option.

This has been part of the POSIX utility syntax guidelines for over two decades now. It's widespread, but you shouldn't expect it to be present everywhere.
The command

rm ./*

makes the glob expand differently and thus requires no support from the called utility.

For my example from above, you can see the command that will ultimately be executed by prepending echo.

$ echo rm ./*
rm ./a ./b ./-rf

The leading ./ prevents rm from accidentally treating any of the filenames like options.


Restore colors of Terminal to normal on ubuntu 16.04

Try

gconftool --recursive-unset /apps/gnome-terminal

or:
In terminal click on the 'Edit' menu then 'Profile Preferences'. It will pop up the 'Editing Profile' Window. To reset the color make sure that you have selected the check box named 'Use colors from system theme' in the 'Colors' tab.


Fractional scaling has a negative impact on refresh rate

GTK is unable to produce output at non-integer scales. Given the dependence of GNOME on GTK, a technique called oversampling is used, both in X (via xrandr, Ubuntu implemented a GUI for this) and in Wayland. This first commands the underlying toolkit to render at an integer scale (typically 2x) and then samples the output in order to scale it down to the target fractional scale. This technique degrades font quality to some extent but, most importantly, is severely demanding on hardware. Suppose you have a UHD screen, this is 3840 pixels width, if you wanted a scale of 125% you would need to produce 3840 x 2 / 1.25 = 6144 pixels instead. Considering both dimensions you are increasing the load  (2 / 1.25)^2 = 2.56 times. As you can see, this will be worse the closer your target scale is to 100%. Of course, at exactly 100% you just stop rendering everything twice as large, so it's cheaper, but to get 101% (not that anyone would do that) you have to increase the load by a factor of almost 4. Now imagine having two or three screens doing this at the same time.
Some toolkits as Qt are able to directly produce output at a fractional scale, which is not only much more efficient but also renders crisper fonts.
I can't tell if what you experience is related to the kind of overhead I just described, but stuttering and reduced FPS are typical symptoms. Also reduced battery life and an overall less "smooth" system. This is worse using fractional scaling in X than it is in Wayland, but the problem exists in both cases.


You can add it to grub permanently by editing the configuration files.

sudo vim /etc/default/grub

Edit this line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

Change it to:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="nouveau.modeset=0 pci=noaer quiet splash"

Save then run sudo update-grub


unlike mac you can apply diffrent theme for vlc in linux and windows
theme are available here

How to use these skins?

Skins do not work on Mac OS X!
Put the downloaded VLT files in the following folder:

On Windows: the skins folder in the VLC installation directory (e.g. C:\Program Files\VLC\skins)
On Linux/Unix: ~/.local/share/vlc/skins2

Then open your VLC settings and change your interface from native to skins. You can choose your desired skin already there or change it when you are in the skins mode by rightclicking somewhere on the skin and going to Interface>Choose Skin.
VLC needs to be restarted to change to skins mode.


It may take a few seconds before Ctrl+Alt+F1 puts something on the black screen, and even after that, it may take additional seconds before a  login prompt appears. When you see the login prompt enter your user name, and hit return. Then again, it may take awhile before another prompt on the black screen appears asking for your password. Sometimes it helps if you repeat the Ctrl+Alt+F1. Once your password is accepted eventually a terminal prompt will be seen on the black screen. At that point enter the command sudo reboot. This will shut down the machine in an orderly fashion and will reboot the system. Once rebooted you may want to try recovery mode or just boot normally.


"Third party sources disabled" when upgrading, why?

First message is to prevent problems with the upgrade. All 3rd party repositories get disabled to ensure a full and sucessful upgrade.

The second indicates that there was some problem in the mirror/download of the lists. Run sudo apt-get update or change mirrors.


mySQL: can't set password for debian-sys-maint

This seems to have worked:

UPDATE mysql.user SET authentication_string=PASSWORD('MyNewPass') WHERE  User='debian-sys-maint' AND Host='localhost';
flush privileges;


How do I set executable permissions on a removable drive?

I guess your usb drive is formatted with VFAT/FAT32.  This file format does not support execute permissions which is why chmod +x fails.

[Edit]
Ok, had a bit of a play and search on the net.  Lots of 'solutions' suggest that you should change /etc/fstab.  This just seems clunky to me, what do you do? change fstab every time you encounter a new usb flash drive???

My solution:

$ sudo vi /etc/udev/rules.d/90-usb-disks.rules

Add the lines:

# UDEV Rules to change the permission of USB disks
#

KERNEL=="sd*[0-9]", ATTR{removable}=="1", ENV{ID_BUS}=="usb", MODE="0022"

$ sudo /etc/init.d/udev restart

Then try inserting a usb drive.  There is probably an attribute that you can check for to ensure it's a FAT formatted drive if you wanted to be more specific.


Did a bit of digging. I found this guide and it works flawlessly.

apt update
apt install software-properties-common
add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa
apt update
apt install firefox-esr
firefox-esr


Reverse command that moved everything to /usr/lib/somewhere

The reverse would be

sudo mv /usr/lib/pepperflashplugin-nonfree/* /

but that is from your actual system.

From a live session you need to mount the partition. After mounting the disk cd to it using command line and then issue is from THAT directory. That would make it:

cd /media/{device}/
sudo mv usr/lib/pepperflashplugin-nonfree/* .

In between you can check with ls usr/lib/pepperflashplugin-nonfree/ if you are in the correct directory.

All commands here should be executed after verifying they are correct and valid. So use a lot of ls commands to see what the results are. After the cd for instance ls usr/lib/pepperflashplugin-nonfree/ should list your file system files that belong in /.

Good luck with this :) Anyone can make a mistake but the experts then make sure there is no mistake in repairing the problem.

From Soren A:

  if you move everything from /usr/lib/pepperflashplugin-nonfree/ to / you will get the old content of /usr/lib/pepperflashplugin-nonfree/ moved to / too. It is better to move the few relevant directories one by one.

My method works but you will also move the files that should be in /usr/lib/pepperflashplugin-nonfree/ so it makes a bit of a mess of /. To clean that up you need to remove these files or do a little bit extra to start with:

So the new approach would be ...

cd /media/{device}/
ls usr/lib/pepperflashplugin-nonfree/

Investigate the results. Anything that looks like it belongs in the root of the device can then be mv'd to /media/{device}/. Some observations: the files in / will all belong to user "root" and group "root" and  will all be directories (1st char of the result of ls will be a d) or symlinks (l)


What you were doing "-u username:password" is as far as I know a HTTP basic authentication which is different from filling out a form and sending it via POST. This should work:

#!/bin/bash
pages="0.php 1.php 2.php"

for page in ${pages}; do
  wget -q --post-data 'user=username&password=password' --save-cookies cookies "http://server/${page}"
  wget -O- --load-cookies cookies -p "http://server/${page}"
done


Yes, as long as you have the system requirements. Ubuntu, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, Kubuntu, etc. are the same operating system with different graphical interfaces and preinstalled programs.


How do I get my WNA3100 (N-300 netgear wirless adapter) To work on ubuntu 12.04?

Just download ubuntu install to usb or burn to cd/ reboot computer / press f12 / then boot from cd or usb / and run live-cd then see if you can connect to wifi. Some harware requires
proprietary drivers.

You can find them under additional drivers for dash home.


Can't reinstall mysql : mysql-server depends on mysql-server-5.7 however: Package mysql-server-5.7 is not configured yet

I followed the instructions from here and i managed to reinstall mysql-server and it ran.


For some reason bond don't work if don't have the Link Monitoring in the netplan config. Just add--> mii-monitor-interval: 100 under mode: active-backup let me know if that helps thanks.


Where to find working drivers for my I7 6700 and R9 390

Linux, unlike Windows, has a vastly different concept of "drivers." Most are built into the kernel itself, blocking the need for manual installation.

Now, more specifically to your question. Your processor, being a processor, requires no extra drivers on your system. The kernel has everything you need pre-packaged.

As for your graphics card, that gets a bit complicated. In olden times, there existed a package called fglrx, which was the set of drivers for Radeon graphics cards. However, as of 16.04, these drivers no longer exist. Instead, the system will automatically install (at initial OS installation/configuration) the appropriate driver, being either amdgpu or radeon. If you feel as though your system has installed the wrong driver somehow, you can manually force it by running one of the below commands:

sudo apt install xserver-xorg-video-radeon # Radeon Driver
sudo apt install xserver-xorg-video-amdgpu # Misc AMD Driver

Typically, you would never have to touch this. It is very likely that your problem is being caused by something else that manifests itself in a black screen.

I would recommend checking here first, and seeing if anything there helps you.


One solution is to use the 8.3 names.

In windows command prompt, type

cd /d C:\
dir /x

You will see something like

08/03/2020  20:20    <DIR>                       $WINDOWS.~BT
03/11/2018  16:56    <DIR>                       dell
08/03/2020  22:33    <DIR>                       ESD
06/12/2019  03:16    <DIR>                       inetpub
19/03/2019  04:52    <DIR>                       PerfLogs
06/12/2019  04:17    <DIR>          PROGRA~1     Program Files
06/12/2019  04:17    <DIR>          PROGRA~2     Program Files (x86)
03/03/2020  15:24    <DIR>          PROGRA~3     ProgramData
05/12/2019  20:39    <DIR>                       Users
12/02/2020  18:46    <DIR>                       Windows

In this case, if you want Program Files use progra~1 (it ignores case).  If you want to use Program Files (x86) use progra~2


this is what i did on my laptop with pre-installed w8 (upgraded to w10)

step 1: download the live cd
step 2: boot into environment (aka try it first)
step 3: install through the environment
step 4: select install next to windows
step 5: do not reboot the computer when the installation is done
step 6: open a terminal in the live environment and do the following

terminal step 1 (calling it tstep now): type sudo su
tstep 2: apt-get install efibootmgr
tstep 3: efibootmgr

and then make sure that ubuntu is first boot, you might need to edit that in your BIOS, after that you are good to go :)


Ubuntu has been removed but still shows up in boot menu

In Windows XP you need to edit C:\boot.ini and delete the Ubuntu/Wubi line.
Alternatively you can modify the boot menu via Control Panel > System > Advanced > Startup and Recovery and pressing "Edit".
For Windows 98 you have to edit C:\config.sys and remove the Wubi block.
For Windows Vista/7, you can use the built-in bcdedit command or install EasyBCD to edit the boot menu. To use bcdedit, run cmd.exe as an administrator, then enter bcdedit to show all boot entries, note the {GUID} specified for the Ubuntu entry, and then remove it: bcdedit /delete {GUID}

See also:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/WubiGuide#How_do_I_manually_uninstall_Wubi.3F


Create a LXD-based Juju controller that works with physical MAAS

Juju 2.0 supports multiple models within a single controller.

Also, with MAAS, you can deploy charms into LXD containers on the physical machines.


What part of the update manager do you have sift through for, to avoid errors in one's system?

By default, yes, the updates come from the Ubuntu repositories.

When you start layering in PPAs or commercial repos (as tends to happen over time), updates will be pulled from them, if they contain updated packages. The stability of these packages is not controlled by Canonical or Ubuntu.

What you have to "sift through for" completely depends on what you install and how you install it.


error: Package requirements (libssh2) were not met

You can install libssh2 by running sudo apt-get install libssh2-1-dev.


Edit pdf document tool? Form will not render without Adobe

Wow, that is super scummy of your council to force citizens into using Adobe.
You can try using suggestions provided here
Alternatively, you can install an older version of adbobe reader. I was able to install it with these 3 simple steps :
sudo apt install gdebi-core libxml2:i386 libcanberra-gtk-module:i386 gtk2-engines-murrine:i386 libatk-adaptor:i386
wget ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/reader/unix/9.x/9.5.5/enu/AdbeRdr9.5.5-1_i386linux_enu.deb
sudo dpkg -i  AdbeRdr9.5.5-1_i386linux_enu.deb
For some wierd reason the installation puts the executables under /opt/Adobe/Reader9/bin  and not in the common locations like /usr/bin /usr/local/bin. So, you will need to run acroread from /opt/Adobe/Reader9/bin .


How can I check condition statement for ssh scp over the server

First example saves the return code from sshpass:

#!/bin/bash

sshpass -p password \
scp -rq -P 22 user@localhost:~/src/path ~/dest/path

c=$?
if ((!$c)); then
    echo "Success!"
else
    echo "Failed: exit code ($c)."
fi

Or you could use your command directly in an if-then statement:

#!/bin/bash

if sshpass -p password \
scp -rq -P 22 user@localhost:~/src/path ~/dest/path; then
    echo "Success!"
else
    echo "Failed!"
fi

I strongly recommend that you do not use passwords but instead use key authentication.


How do I install curl with http2 support

As of now (Jan 2018). You will have to install curl from source to get http2 support. You can do that using the following commands

sudo apt-get -y install build-essential nghttp2 libnghttp2-dev libssl-dev
wget https://curl.haxx.se/download/curl-7.63.0.tar.gz
tar xzf curl-7.63.0.tar.gz
cd curl-7.63.0
./configure --with-nghttp2 --prefix=/usr/local --with-ssl
make && sudo make install
sudo ldconfig


Which viewer you used in Ubuntu? In my experience, Shotwell is much faster than the default Image Viewer, as the latter apparently doesn't pre-load next image.

Also this is disk operation, so if your Ubuntu running on an old drive and Windows 7 running on SSD that could make the difference too.

Cheers,

Ray


sqlite3 on precise pangolin: installed but not found?

sqlite and sqlite3 are two different, non-compatible versions of the same program.

sqlite is for SQLite databases of version 2. sqlite3 is for SQLite databases of version 3. There are two versions because the database format changed between version 2 and version 3, and so the two formats are incompatible.

If you installed the sqlite3 package, you need to use the sqlite3 command. If you installed the sqlite package, you need to use the sqlite command.

On another note, binaries are installed in /bin or /usr/bin, not in /var, which is usually for program data. You'll also want to use the which command, which prints the location of a command based on your $PATH. Running which sqlite3 returns /usr/bin/sqlite3.


There's essentially three ways to do what you want:

Set up a dual boot system. This means that Lubuntu and Kubuntu will be completely separate, on two different partitions. However, you can share data between them, e.g. with a shared partition for data, or by directly copying files from one partition to the other. This may use less resources (memory) than the other ways, but will use more disk space.
To set this up, just install one Ubuntu flavor first (e.g Lubuntu), and then install the other one (Kubuntu). The Kubuntu installer will give you the option to install side-by-side.

The other way to do this would be to install LXDE and KDE side-by-side, in one installation. So you could install Lubuntu, and then install KDE. You can then choose which desktop environment to start when you login. Data, applications, and so on, are shared between both desktop environments.
This will, in fact, not use significantly more resources - if you are using LXDE, only LXDE components loaded, and the same for KDE, so you won't see a significant increase in used memory or CPU resources.

The third possibility:

Would be to use a VM anyway - with a Core i3, and at least 3GB of RAM, it won't be a problem - I used to run Windows 7 in a VM on a Core2 Duo, with 2GB of ram, no problem. A VM would only use resources when it's running.


Yes, there should be no need for any difference in the commands you use as long as the Docky PPA you are using have packages which support your version, but you'll soon find out if that's not the case (when you run the install command it will just tell you that no packages are found for that version). If you do get problems from the PPA though just installing the normal docky package from the standard repositories should suffice.


Transferring Libraries from Windows 7 into Wine

The legality of this is fairly cloudy, but ultimately you're not going to get in trouble over it.

You will sometimes find that the Wine Application Database tells you to copy certain libraries over to get an individual program to work. In these circumstances there are some clear benefits (you get a working program!), but the majority of the time you should find no need to.


Wrong kernel after upgrade --- old kernel still installed?

This is very similar to Ubuntu 13.10, kernel still 3.8.0-31-generic --- answering here so that this is a more generic question/answer.

Sometime in the upgrade process the kernel meta-packages are "lost". The basic solution is to reinstall the generic kernel package:

sudo apt-get install linux-generic

which should give you the correct kernel packages and headers after a:

sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get upgrade

(obviously if you have -rt or -lowlatency or other "flavored" kernels you have to adapt this to your case)

Sometime the system is (wrongly) convinced it has the newest kernel: in that case, try

sudo apt-get install --reinstall linux-generic


Maybe it's just basic thing like the DVD read is too slow or something.
I suggest to use USB Flash Drive.it's much faster than DVD.

but maybe Ubuntu on USB is also still a little bit slow


unable to retain 4 nameservers in resolvconf

This is a limit set at compile time for the libc resolver. The man resolv.conf page says:

  "Up  to  MAXNS  (currently 3, see <resolv.h>) name servers may be
  listed, one per keyword."

So without recompiling the resolver, you can't have more than three.


It appears that HP has messed up their BIOS configuration.

Please see this for a more detailed answer (by Boldos).

Why won't my HP Envy x360 laptop with Ryzen 7 3700U boot Ubuntu live CD?


To fix this problem, first charge you laptop to 100% and install power calibrate from Terminal using the below command:

sudo apt-get install power-calibrate

Once Power Calibrate is installed and your laptop is fully charged unplug the power cable and run Power Calibrate from the terminal using the below command:

sudo power-calibrate

Run this in the background and let you battery fully discharge and that will fix your problem.


Filesystem slowly fills up with tmp file

This looks like a mistake with your fstab, since files in /tmp are supposed to not be on the hard drive. Can you post the content of the /etc/fstab file? It would help a lot.

I know this should have been posted as a comment, but I am unable to post those.


How to restore GRUB without re-installing the OS?


Small hard drive, best way to use SD card?

You can mount your SD card or one partition of it at /usr, better do this during Ubuntu installation though. If you have already installed your Ubuntu, try this: How to move /usr to a new partition?

You can also do the same to /home, if you tend to have a lot of user files including downloaded stuffs.


systemd pick up changes to service unit configuration

systemctl daemon-reload

Is the one you want to use. It will reload the systemd manager configuration. This will rerun all generators, reload all unit files, and recreate the entire dependency tree.
systemctl daemon-reexec

Will reexecute the systemd manager. This will serialize the manager state, reexecute the process and deserialize the state again. This command is of little use except for debugging and package upgrades. Sometimes, it might be helpful as a heavy-weight daemon-reload.
systemctl reboot

Will reboot the system and as a result, changes to services configuration will be picked up after the reboot.
systemctl daemon-restart
Will not work. daemon-restart is not a valid argument for systemctl


Is there a way to make website shortcuts in the Scope or the launcher in Ubuntu Touch?

There is already an open feature request for PWA support.

For now, though, you would need to create a webapp package. You can use the Webapp Creator app to do this.


ethernet not working after reboot on Ubuntu Server 20.04.2

Realized shortly after asking:
change enp3s0 to enp4s0 in /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml and then run sudo netplan apply, and ethernet is working again


Nvidia drivers on Ubuntu 21.04 (Hirsute hippo)

First open the Synaptic and try to reinstall this packages with problems.
Second annotate the name packages with problems and purge it, after install these packages.
Third if it doesn't function, you can try to install these drivers that don't are possible to select using the terminal, my post explain better How to do it. Remember to do backup (I recommend doing backup on Timeshift) before to install anything use: sudo apt-get install name (program, package, driver, etc), I explain better in this post: How I do to the driver to install/upgrade automaticly? And manually?


Unable to save settings: Failed to save settings. Please restart PyCharm

I've just got this problems.
My solution is deleting the current Pycharm and reinstall a new version. Then it works.


How to have bluetooth disabled per default?

gedit /etc/bluetooth/main.conf

and set this:

AutoEnable = false

A more radical way is to either stop the bluetooth service

sudo systemctl stop bluetooth.service

Or even more radical is to disable it permantly

sudo systemctl disable bluetooth


How do I solve this Nvidia driver download error?

Okay, I found the solution. Here's exactly how I did it. If you have a similar issue, your results may vary.

Go into Synaptic and completely remove all Nvidia related packages, plus Jockey. Make sure to "completely remove", not just uninstall.
Re-install only jockey-common, jockey-gtk, nvidia-common, nvidia-current, and nvidia-settings. If it tries to auto-select any other packages, unmark them. Seriously.
This is critical: After Synaptic has installed the selected packages, reboot once. Not rebooting at this point will cause failure later. At least, it did for me.
After rebooting, open System Settings->Additional Drivers. At this point, I saw different options than the screenshot in my original question. I went with the one marked "Recommended". Select activate, and reboot again.
After rebooting, you might not see much change. For me, I wanted to enable dual monitors but at this point only one monitor was on. Open up Nvidia-settings, and the second monitor is now recognized. Enable and configure as you see fit.

My graphics now seem to be working as they should.

I hope this information helps others with similar problems.

Also, this is how my restricted drivers interface now looks:


Why pyenv is not showing system version?

The problem on a fresh Kubuntu 20.04 installation is that there is no python executable. The /usr/bin only has python2 and python3 but pyenv checks for python to determine if a system version is available.
As a workaround create a python executable yourself:
ln -s /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python


I had to enable the php7.2 module:

sudo a2enmod php7.2

restart the service (the command above reminds you)

systemctl restart apache2

and then the phpmyadmin page appears as it should


The NS2 network simulator is in the Universe repository, so you don't have to compile it yourself. Make sure you have the universe repository enabled, then look for the "ns2" package in the software center.

http://packages.ubuntu.com/precise/ns2


You can use GParted to delete the partition with Edubuntu and resize another partition.

Delete sda7.
Unmount (sda5) or swap off (sda6) any logical partitions through the context menu.
Shrink sda4.
Grow sda3. (This step can be done last in Windows if you don't trust the Linux NTFS tools to do the job right.)
Commit the changes.
Finally, you have to open a terminal and run sudo update-grub.


snap-store and gnome-software taking too much ram

You can safely uninstall the Snap Store app, and if you do you will still be able to install snap apps from the terminal with sudo snap install package-name and also to manage installed snap apps from the terminal.
Your RAM usage for the snap-store and gnome-software seems unusually high. My RAM usage for gnome-software is 1.4 MiB even if the app isn't open. My RAM usage for snap-store is 0 if the app isn't open, and 4.0 KiB if the Snap Store is open. To release memory from the cache run echo 3 | sudo tee /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches


Ubuntu doesn't recognize 2nd and 3rd HDMI monitors connected to NVIDIA GTX 1060

I had the same problem with 2 GTX 1060 i'm using Ubuntu 16.04.
Initially i have only 1, it works only during the installation of the OS. After some installations it works even after. But i reinstalled the OS, for a dual boot problem, several times and the GTX never works anymore with the video cable plugged into it. But using the onboard the GTX was recognized and working.
I reinstalled the OS again,and then i added the another GTX and they both work fine for some hours, but not with the video cable i always use the onboard. Then the system doesn' t see any GPUs.
So maybe reinstalling the OS can solved the problem. You can create a little partition and try installing sometimes Ubuntu, once with the nouveau drivers it works (immediately after the installation).
In the bios you should have the video output PCI express (GPU) instead of the onboard and the IGPU multimunitor enabled.
Now i reinstalled again the system with manual partitioning and it worked but only with the nouveau drivers if i use the nvidia i get a black screen with a blinking underscore and i can't do nothing. But the programs can' t use the GPU, although is recognized by the system. And the other isn' t no even recognized by the system.


Is there a good PPA for cmake backports?

There is now an official CMake APT repository, hosted by Kitware (announcement), which has the latest CMake version. Currently, Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial) and 18.04 (Bionic) are supported, but not Trusty. Instructions to set it up can be found at https://apt.kitware.com/ . I've reproduced key details here:

  ...

  Obtain a copy of our signing key:

wget -O - https://apt.kitware.com/keys/kitware-archive-latest.asc 2>/dev/null | sudo apt-key add -

  Add the repository to your sources list and update.

  For Ubuntu Bionic Beaver (18.04):

sudo apt-add-repository 'deb https://apt.kitware.com/ubuntu/ bionic main'
sudo apt-get update

  For Ubuntu Xenial Xerus (16.04):

sudo apt-add-repository 'deb https://apt.kitware.com/ubuntu/ xenial main'
sudo apt-get update

  As an optional step, we recommend that you also install our kitware-archive-keyring package to ensure that your keyring stays up
  to date as we rotate our keys. Do the following:

sudo apt-get install kitware-archive-keyring
sudo apt-key --keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg del C1F34CDD40CD72DA

After this, sudo apt-get install cmake will install the latest CMake.


How can I convert/migrate root f/s to LVM 2 Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS?

You might check out Blocks but be sure to have a complete backup of your data on a separate hard drive before using it and also make sure to check the issues of this tool as development has stopped three years ago.


How Can I Create and Configure Icon Themes in Gnome?

By the way, you may be interested in GNOME Look, where usually they just give an archive full of icons and go 'try and install this'    ;-)

The existing files for the icons themes are located in /usr/share/icons.

One of the easier ways of doing this would be to repackage a .deb file. So if you were to download a base one, like the one for the gnome-icon theme, you could then modify it as detailed here.

You first need to extract the deb file in terminal, make & change to the directory you want to extract it to:

mkdir icondev
cd icondev

Then extract the deb file:

ar x /PATH/TO/PACKAGE.deb

This will extract the following files:

debian-binary control.tar.gz data.tar.gz

And make your modifactions. Make sure you change the package name (in control.tar.gz, in control), and where it will install to (in data.tar.gz, anything inside that), or it will conflict with already installed or future installs of software.

The icon theme will work as long as it inside the /usr/share/icons folder, and in the same format as other icon themes. The name of the theme is the name of its folder within /usr/share/icons, and what is in the icon.theme file.

You can then repackage it with this - use this command EXACTLY:

ar r NEW-PACKAGE.deb debian-binary control.tar.gz data.tar.gz

Then you can cross you fingers and install it with (this should detail any conflicts):

sudo dpkg -i /PATH/TO/NEW-PACKAGE.deb

You should be able to remove it with:

sudo apt-get remove NEW-PACKAGE-NAME


Every directory has a link to itself and its parent (that's why . of an empty directory will have a link count of 2). But because every directory links to its parent, any directory that has a subdirectory will have a link from that child. Thus the link count of a directory is 2 + the number of directories immediately contained by it.


Try this:

Edit e4_default_gtk.css.

vim ECLIPSE_HOME/plugins/org.eclipse.ui.themes_*/css/e4_default_gtk.css

Add at the end:

* {
  font-size:8;
}

Save and start Eclipse.

This worked for me on Ubuntu 14.04 and Eclipse Luna.


Ubuntu can't boot after upgrade from 13.04 to 13.10 without inserting a random remote disk/harddrive

I have experienced pretty much the same symptoms as above. After removing the "quiet" and "splash" kernel options from the grub command line and booting Ubuntu I saw more clues and my problem seems the same as described here:
https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/acpi/+question/175746
In fact, the suggestion at the bottom of that page works for me, namely:
adding the kernel option "processor.nocst=1" to the grub command line.
Hope this helps anyone.


Lubuntu/Ubuntu 14.04.4 no longer works with casper-rw file on same HDD

Casper-rw files only work on FAT32 partitions thus the 4GB size limit. If you make a FAT32 partition and place the casper-rw file on it, Ubuntu will find the file while booting.

Better to use an ext casper-rw partition which is not limited to 4GB.


How to manually create a thumbnail for one file using another file

Ok, so as i understand it, you are seeking to create a thumbnail of a file by using a different file (created predictably).

We can try something like this:

#!/bin/bash

# Based on CC-BY 2016 Marcin Kaminski https://askubuntu.com/users/98096/marcin-kaminski
# https://askubuntu.com/a/201894/216568

# USAGE: mkthumb.sh [-s] [-r] <path> [path]
# create nautilus thumbnails for clips in the directories (and their
# sub-directories) given as parameters.
# -s is used to skip generating thumbnails that already exist

skip_existing=0
if [[ "${1}" == "-s" ]]; then
    skip_existing=1
    shift
fi

maxdepth="1"
if [[ "${1}" == "-r" ]]; then
    maxdepth="9999"
    shift
fi

mkImageThumb() {
    size="${3}"
    file="${1}"
    dest="${2}"
    convert -thumbnail ${size}x${size} "${file}[0]" "${dest}" &>/dev/null
    if (( $? == 0 )); then
        echo "OK   ${file} [${dest}]"
    else
        echo "FAIL ${file}"
    fi
}

OLDIFS="${IFS}"
IFS=$'\n'
for dir in $@; do
    realdir=`realpath "${dir}"`
    echo "Processing directory ${realdir}"
    for file in $(find "${realdir}" -maxdepth ${maxdepth} -regextype posix-egrep -iregex '.*\.clip'); do
        md5=$(echo -n "${file}" | perl -MURI::file -MDigest::MD5=md5_hex -ne 'print md5_hex(URI::file->new($_));')
        image=$(dirname "${file}")/$(basename "${file}" .clip).png
        dest="${HOME}/.cache/thumbnails/normal/${md5}.png"
        if [[ ! -f "${dest}" || "${skip_existing}" != "0" ]]; then
            mkImageThumb "${image}" "${dest}" 128
        else
            echo "SKIP ${file}"
        fi
        dest="${HOME}/.cache/thumbnails/large/${md5}.png"
        if [[ ! -f "${dest}" || "${skip_existing}" != "0" ]]; then
                mkImageThumb "${image}" "${dest}" 256
        else
            echo "SKIP ${file}"
        fi
    done
done
IFS="${OLDIFS}"

This script will take the whole directory and generate the needed thumbnails (i haven't tested the script now, but it should).


Jos in the comments above is like correct. You need to add the change to PATH in your .profile. From the install doc (emphasis added):

Add /usr/local/go/bin to the PATH environment variable. You can do this by adding this line to your /etc/profile (for a system-wide installation) or $HOME/.profile:
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin


The error should give you a hint: Just add a space after -e.


You could trie this:

dconf reset -f /org/compiz
unity --reset-icons &disown

and it might work fine this way.


Screen sharing only working when monitor connected

It doesn't feel like the most elegant solution but this issue was solved for me by one of those HDMI dummy plugs which emulates a connected screen. They can be picked up for about $10.

I've found the wide range of resolutions they spoof to be handy.


Why does redirecting sed output to same input file make my machine unresponsive?

Your sed command was trying to read the file it was appending to. It will never reach End-Of-File, but will eat a lot of CPU time trying. That's why ^C (interrupt current process) was invented.


Printer support for Ubuntu touch tablets

This is not an answer - only a workaround. I use an HP wireless printer with e-print (e-mail the attachment to a set up e-mail address which sends it direct to the printer) There must be a way of doing this in a more direct -not over internet - way.

Please note also this post how can I set up printing on Ubuntu touch as this is possibly a duplicate but has not been positively solved / answered yet.


DD vs cat for forensic works (carving in USB)

Used correctly, dd can copy every byte on a volume.  Contrariwise, cat will only copy the contents of files.  Obviously, dd is the better choice when data not included in files is of importance.


Upgrade from 14.04 to 14.04.2 broke nvidia/x... how can I fix that?

Luckily, I could fix it myself.

First I purged the nvidia drivers again.

Then I did a

sudo apt-get install --reinstall lightdm xserver-xorg-lts-utopic xserver-xorg-core-lts-utopic

Rebooted; and at least the nouveau driver is up and running again.


Boot from your installation media, use the 'try Ubuntu now' option & check it runs on your PC OK. Then re-try with the install option from the desktop.

If it doesn't come up on the 'try it now' option then ask another question - unless you can find an existing answer to whatever does happen...


How to use gettext to make QML files translatable

Generally speaking there is no way to use gettext translation in QT because the library uses an internal translation mechanism (Qtranslate and .ts files) as stated here QTBUG-2404.

However, there is a viable alternative.

Shipping with QT there is a toolkit called lconvert that can be used to convert .ts files to .po and vice versa.

So you can extract all of your translation with:

lupdate

Then use lconvert to obtain a po file:

lconvert -of po -o file.po file.ts

After translation you can convert back the po file to ts:

lconvert -of ts -o file.ts file.po

Then you can use it in your software.

lupdate can bu used both for QT an QtQuick.


You're not going to like this as the workaround below allows you to get good sound from your speakers by allowing the subwoofer, but will disable your headphones:

:-(

Install alsa tools:

sudo apt-get install alsa-tools alsa-tools-gui

Open a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T and type:

hdajackretask

In the window that opens, select the codec Realtek ALC290
On the left side of the window find Headphone, Left side
Check Override
Select Internal speaker(LFE)
Stop PulseAudio because if don't, applying settings will fail because of device busy (at least it is so for 19.04)

systemctl --user stop pulseaudio.socket
systemctl --user stop pulseaudio.service

Click Apply now
Start PulseAudio again

systemctl --user start pulseaudio.socket
systemctl --user start pulseaudio.service`

Test your sound.
If all is well, press Install boot override
reboot your system.

If you want to get headphones back, go back to step 2 and:

Uncheck Override in step 5

or
Click Remove boot override.

Source


"bruteforce-luks" can be used to crack Luks encrypted volumes. 2 methods...

try all the possible passwords given a charset
try all the passwords in a file

All you need to do is create a file with words to try and break it. If you remember the length of the password or parts of the password it will speed things up. Finding a 20+ length password with no clues is going to take long. Very long.

Dependencies:

sudo apt-get install dh-autoreconf
sudo apt-get install libcryptsetup-dev

Download the zipfile, unzip and do the normal configure, make, make install. There are some examples in the link too; the one the use could be ...

  Try to find the password of a LUKS encrypted volume using 6 threads, trying the passwords contained in a dictionary file:

 bruteforce-luks -t 6 -f dictionary.txt /dev/sdd1

Now all you need is to create the dictionay.txt (and change sdd1 to the device you need to break).

Here is a script to generate words; "abc" and all the combinations of 3 letters:

import itertools
res = itertools.product('abc', repeat=3)
for i in res:
    print ''.join(i)

3 letter, 3 ways = 3**3 = 27 words.

Not knowing any letters in your password and assuming letters and digits (so no other characters) is going to be impossible ..
If 26 letters, capitals and small, and digits with a word up to 20 characters long = 62 ** 20 = 7,044234255×10³⁵

That last link also has a reference to crunch; a tool to create a dictionary.


Execute a remote ssh command as root user supplying su password in command line

You need to add your public key to /root/.ssh/authorized_keys and simply SSH in as root and run the command:

ssh root@server whoami

Where whoami could be any command.


To boot windows, use your bios to boot directly from your windows drive, since they are two separate drives. The windows drive should contain an MBR on the root of the disk and should boot just fine. You can do this by changing your boot order, or by using a 'boot menu' if your bios supports it during boot.

Next, you can use a ubuntu livecd to recover grub on the second disk. Use the guide found on the ubuntu wiki to accomplish this:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RecoveringUbuntuAfterInstallingWindows


I have found a great one:

Cloud9

  Cloud9 combines a powerful online code editor with a full Ubuntu workspace in the cloud

You can install Linux software, edit files from the built-in terminal, use the interactive Python IDE and perhaps other stuff I haven't yet found out =)

You can find out a little more here.


Problem installing software from ubuntu software center and error running sudo app-get update and install commands

So, you need to configure this on Internet dialogue.In Gnome 2 is on System > Preferences > Internet


How can I access to guest machine via ssh which has Bridged Adapter

Connect to the IP address that the Ubuntu Server 13.10 has on your network.
On your server run $ifconfig eth0 this should give you the IP that the virtual network adapter is pulling from your network.

When you have the adapter in bridged mode it is going to act like a separate NIC so no port forwarding is necessary.  It would be more complicated if you had it running in NAT mode.


How to resolve outgoing random pings from my ubuntu 20.04 server?

Read man tcpdump, and run tcpdump, outputting to a file (NOT the terminal) to capture an overnight's worth of packets (hands off while capturing). Analyze the packet stream using wireshark.
Look for extra userids in /etc/passwd.
Look for strange cron jobs in /etc/cron.*.
To ask if a file is in a package dpkg -S followed by the full path to the file.


The easiest way to do this would be to do it with GUI

Go to disk app (through Unity Dash or terminal with gnome-disks command)
Choose your partition
Click the little gear icon
Select Edit mount options
Toggle  Automatic Mount Option to   Off
Edit mount point to /media/ronin_cunningham/StorageDevice

On a side note, this will also enable your partition to be mounted automatically on start up, If you don't want that to happen then make sure to

Un-mark Mount at Startup

You'd want to do this if your Bootup times are slow

Theme might not look exactly like this


Ubuntu inside virtual machine: ntpd or ntpdate or ??? to avoid clock drift

In VirtualBox at least, you can... I had time sync problems before, but tuning the Guest Additions time synchronization parameters seemed to fix it.
Here is relevant text from the manual:

Tuning the Guest Additions time synchronization parameters
The VirtualBox Guest Additions ensure that the guest's system time is synchronized with the host time. There are several parameters which can be tuned. The parameters can be set for a specific VM using the following command:
VBoxManage guestproperty set "VM name" "/VirtualBox/GuestAdd/VBoxService/PARAMETER" VALUE

where PARAMETER is one of the following:
--timesync-interval
Specifies the interval at which to synchronize the time with the host. The default is 10000 ms (10 seconds).
--timesync-min-adjust
The minimum absolute drift value measured in milliseconds to make adjustments for. The default is 1000 ms on OS/2 and 100 ms elsewhere.
--timesync-latency-factor
The factor to multiply the time query latency with to calculate the dynamic minimum adjust time. The default is 8 times, that means in detail: Measure the time it takes to determine the host time (the guest has to contact the VM host service which may take some time), multiply this value by 8 and do an adjustment only if the time difference between host and guest is bigger than this value. Don't do any time adjustment otherwise.
--timesync-max-latency
The max host timer query latency to accept. The default is 250 ms.
--timesync-set-threshold
The absolute drift threshold, given as milliseconds where to start setting the time instead of trying to smoothly adjust it. The default is 20 minutes.
--timesync-set-start
Set the time when starting the time sync service.
--timesync-set-on-restore 0|1
Set the time after the VM was restored from a saved state when passing 1 as parameter (default). Disable by passing 0. In the latter case, the time will be adjusted smoothly which can take a long time.
All these parameters can be specified as command line parameters to VBoxService as well.
Disabling the Guest Additions time synchronization
Once installed and started, the VirtualBox Guest Additions will try to synchronize the guest time with the host time. This can be prevented by forbidding the guest service from reading the host clock:
VBoxManage setextradata "VM name" "VBoxInternal/Devices/VMMDev/0/Config/GetHostTimeDisabled"


Is it possible to install newest version of Python via apt-get?

I started a programming course which requires Python 3.3.2

The changelog for 3.3.2 shows us that there's no serious work in 3.3.2 over 3.3.1. It's a load of minor bugfixes which won't make any difference for somebody on a programming course.

There are big differences between 2.x and 3.x so you will need to install python3.3 and use the python3 binary (you'll have to be conscious about that when you're running examples), but don't worry about being a minor release behind, you're not missing out on anything relevant and it won't affect your coding.

I would go further and say that if you end up on a repository that gets you a later version, it might not bring in security patches  and you may be vulnerable for longer than you would be with the standard repository.

That said, if you really want to upgrade, you should be able to but that comes with the caveat:

  I do not guarantee any kind of updates. In particular, I shed all responsibility for security issues in these packages.


You can use Testdisk to recover you lost data. Go to Here for more details.


To get the list of installed packages, run this:

dpkg -l | grep -c ^.i

dpkg -l will list all available packages and the first field consists of status codes. Specifically (from man dpkg):

The  first  three columns of the output show the desired action,
the package status, and errors, in that order.

Desired action:
 u = Unknown
 i = Install
 h = Hold
 r = Remove
 p = Purge

Package status:
 n = Not-installed
 c = Config-files
 H = Half-installed
 U = Unpacked
 F = Half-configured
 W = Triggers-awaiting
 t = Triggers-pending
 i = Installed

Error flags:
  <empty> = (none)
  R = Reinst-required

So, lines whose 2nd character is i describe installed packages. So, passing the output through grep -c ^.i will return the number of lines whose 2nd char is i, which will be the number of packages you currently have installed.


I can't scroll applications after upgrading from 18.04 to 20.04

I don't know how but i can scroll down applications when i keep my dock at bottom instead of left or right. It may be temporary solution.


How can i have a good HTML report about my computer specifications?

Yes you can by this command :

sudo lshw -html >myhardwarespec.html

this command will place a html file in the directory that i run this command , if you open it you can view all your computer specification .


Have a parameter applied to service for Upstart

Open the file /etc/default/webcit and change the first line to

export WEBCIT_APACHEFLAG='-f'

then restart the service

sudo service webcit restart


What is the name of the person who replaced Mark Shuttleworth as CEO of Canonical in 2009?

Her name is Jane Silber.
Side note: Mark Shuttleworth returned to being CEO again in July 2017.


Landscape Autopilot Installer juju ended with exit code 1

The logs show that the MAAS machine that Autopilot picked to bootstrap on doesn't have access to streams.canonical.com, can you confirm if you have a firewall in place?


Why are only some versions of the kernel backported to certain releases?

Speaking for the Ubuntu Kernel Team, The plan is to provide backport kernels in lockstep with Stable release updates. The Maverick kernels are unavailable currently due to a toolchain change that is precluding them from building. Once that has been fixed, there will be additional kernels available to LTS from Maverick. Once Natty is officially released there will be a backport kernel available for it as well. That is the plan going forward as it has been explained to me. Once a version is released, a new kernel will be available in backports soon after.

As we discussed offline, these kernels are built expressly for the -server release and are not supported on the desktop even if they work. I'd also like to point out that the reason we provide these kernels (for those reading who want to understand why they would care about backported kernels) is to provide -server users with the most current updates for new supported hardware.

I hope that helps. :-)


I installed ubuntu 18.04 and installed Zoom plus made a video to show you how to install Zoom.You shouldn't have any problems.
https://drive.google.com/open?id=1kTyKaSS9EzRiRRJzD365Hgr6ecgWRmGa


Yes, you can install GNOME FlashBack session on 18.04 LTS:

sudo apt-get install gnome-panel

and then select GNOME FlashBack (Metacity) on login screen.

But as it is a server system I recommend to switch it back to console login as default target:

sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target

and run GNOME FlashBack manually on demand:

sudo systemctl isolate graphical.target


The /dev/*midi* files are for the OSS interface, which is considered legacy.
Apparently, CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL is not enabled in your kernel.

You are supposed to use the ALSA library for receiving MIDI data, but you could just read from /dev/snd/midi*-


I've read that web-page.  I think you have misunderstood.  The application is installed in the virtual appliance which uses xubuntu as its default O/S.

The virtual appliance is intended to be run in vmware player under windows - although I suspect if you install vmware products in ubuntu, the virtual appliance will equally run in ubuntu.


What are the F6 options during installation?

acpi=off: Disables ACPI which is used for power management and actually turning off power after the shutdown. This may help with compatibility with motherboards which misuse ACPI.

noapic: Disables Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller. This is used to resolve hardware conflicts for interrupts, but may itself cause a conflict. Use of this option may disable some hardware that enters a conflict without an APIC.

nolapic is very similar, but disables a different (newer) kind of APIC called a LAPIC(Local Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller)

edd=on enables the EDD probe(Enhanced Disk Drive), used by motherboards to provide more functionality to disk drives

nodmraid disables dmraid which is used for RAID purposes but may cause empty disks to appear even if they are fully partitioned, possibly with the wrong size.

nomodeset keeps the video driver from performing modesets which are used to bring the graphics card to an enhanced state, but due to incompatibility, may cause display issues.

Free Software Only is used for legal purposes and will not load restricted drivers or codecs. Use if your jurisdiction disallows the use of restricted software without a license and you do not have one, or if you do not prefer to use closed-source or restricted components or code on your system. Certain codecs or hardware may be unusable.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootOptions#Common_Kernel_Options has a few other options.


Try deleting the swap partition and re-creating it.

To do so Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

sudo fdisk -l

to locate the device name for the partition you are going to format.

swap file must be turned off.

sudo swapoff -a

Remove swapfile:

sudo rm -rf /swapfile

To create

sudo mkswap /dev/sda5

Replace sda5 with you device name.

At this point you get a new UUID. Use that to update your /etc/fstab file with the new UUID for your swap partition.

After that:

sudo swapon -a

to tell Ubuntu to use the new swap partition.

Or you can use gparted.  To install

sudo apt-get install gparted


Just copying the files onto the flash drive can’t help booting. You need to make a bootable USB with special applications.

First download the ISO file from the Ubuntu site, then create a bootable drive:

How to create a bootable USB stick on Windows?

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows

How to create a bootable USB stick on Ubuntu?

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu


How to request moving this bug report to the correct package/team?

The Fix Released message is probably due to comments #5 and #10, where OP says:

  @Alfredo: Non-working FN-keys is not related to this issue.

  Also regarding the original bug report. This issue is fixed for me
  since the release date.

  I do not have this issue anymore since a long time. Might be fixed with 14.10.

You should file a new bug.

You could cite the old report. However, since the person who filed that doesn't have this problem any more, and since the post was rather specifically about CtrlAltT, it's not sure you have the same problem, or even that it's related. I don't see much use of linking to the old one from the new report. You could comment on the old report that you made a new bug report, so that others who subscribed are notified.


No. Once the monitor turns off, the HDMI or mDP/DP sending the audio
  is ended. Using a screensaver rather than off or in powersave would be
  an option. This way the HDMI or mDP/DP connection is still live.

I've got this answer from DELL Support forum. Makes sense.


How to add php plugin in Netbeans 8.1 in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS?

Go to Tools -> Plugins. In the Settings tab, ensure that the Update Center is active.

Then in the Available Plugins tab, click on Reload Catalog. Hopefully, you will see PHP in the Available Plugins tab.
Just install it!

Helpful Links and References

Configuring the PHP Development Environment in Linux Ubuntu
How to enable PHP support in Netbeans in Ubuntu


What Wireless Adapter can I use for installation?

I ended up beginning the install from a CD, and when it came to the point of installation where it was talking about connecting to the network, I tried plugging in a Linksys adapter... worked without a hitch. Thanks anyway.


What's the best way to install a very minimal Windows 10 as a Virtual Machine to run photoshop in?

Install the latest version of virtualbox

  Add the following line to your /etc/apt/sources.list. According to
  your distribution, replace '' with 'eoan', 'bionic', 'xenial',
  'buster', 'stretch', or 'jessie' (older versions of VirtualBox
  supported different distributions):

`deb [arch=amd64] https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian <mydist> contrib`

For example, for eoan:

Create new file:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list

Paste the next into it:

deb [arch=amd64] https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian eoan contrib

Ctrl+x, y, Enter
wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -
wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -
Install virtualbox

sudo apt install virtualbox-6.1

Download Windows 10 and install it

Newer version of virtualbox supports newer kernels and has a lot of fixes.


Xfce4 overrode my GNOME notifications (notify-osd). How do I get them back?

from http://www.techmansworld.com/2012/07/how-to-restore-unitys-notification.html

So first off, open up a terminal You can do this by accessing the applications menu from XFCE, or in Unity by opening the dash and typing in “terminal”. Once the terminal is open, paste the following line into the terminal and press enter.

gksu gedit /usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.xfce.xfce4-notifyd.Notifications.service

After pressing enter, you should receive a prompt for your password because this is modifying high level parts of your system. Just enter your password and continue. A new gedit (text editor) window should open with that config file.

All you have to do now is replace one line of text in that file. In that file, just replace following line:

Exec=/usr/lib/xfce4/notifyd/xfce4-notifyd

with

Exec=/usr/lib/notify-osd/notify-osd

Note
For 64 bit installations replace:

Exec=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xfce4/notifyd/xfce4-notifyd

with

Exec=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/notify-osd/notify-osd

After that, save the file and log out. Log back in, and you should see Unity's notification system back. Note that after doing this, you will also get GNOME's notification system in XFCE.

If you do change your mind and want XFCE's notification system back, just edit that file again and paste the first line back to where the second line is located.


it's very simple dude
use the utility already shipped with ubuntu called " Disks"
Disks can dinamically change partitions size , but if the volume
you gotta shrink or expand is the one u are using ( is mounted )
you better use a Live distro in order to do so....sysresccd ( http://www.sysresccd.org/)


Manually installed applications are not found in Installed Applications list after changing system language

You haven't created two things:

A terminal launcher, and
An entry for the .desktop file.

Launch the apps like you did from their folders then in the menu go to the Tools menu and under it select Create Command-line launcher and Create Desktop Entry respectively. Now you should see the icons to launch the apps.


How to fix keyboard shortcut toggle for keyboard layout?

This is a confirmed bug; you can apply the beta patch, or try an alternate desktop like kubuntu.


Adding Gmail from Online Accounts in Ubuntu 13.10

Yes, you can, but Google has added the kitchen sink, i.e., multiple Google online services, all managed with the same authentication. Add the mail, you get the rest.


Is there an application that does nested note taking?

If Basket does what you need except for saving the stuff in the wrong place, you could just create a symlink from where Basket wants to save stuff to where you want it:

ln -s /media/truecrypt1/baskets ~/.kde/share/baskets

I don't know exactly what encryption software you use, but assuming that it lets programs read and write from the file system as long as you're logged in and have unlocked it, this should do what you need in terms of moving the baskets.


Attempted dual boot Ubuntu on two separate drives

The GRUB OS prober should find the Windows installation on a mounted drive.

For argument sake, your Ubuntu is the first drive and boot would be /dev/sda1.  Windows is installed on a second drive.  For the meantime call it /dev/sdb, because when you install(ed) Ubuntu you mounted the entire drive as part of the Ubuntu installation.

You mount it /media/Windows, or /Windows, or /whatever.  It doesn't matter.  It's mounted and you don't have to do anything else when you're in the Ubuntu system and you want a file(s) from the Windows system.  They are already there and you can trash it all at once, or a file at a time.

Now, after the installation, boot into the Ubuntu system.  At a terminal sudo update-grub2.  The OS prober will snag the Windows system on the other drive.

When you boot the BIOS/UEFI will go to the first drive and GRUB will take you to where you want to go.

Consider Grub Customizer to make tweaking easier.


chrome extension to automaticly open highlighted commands from webbrowser in terminal

Based on the way Chrome is designed to be self contained, there likely isn't any way to make an extension to do this. However, most newer Linux users don't seem to know that if you highlight text with your mouse, you can middle-click and paste it anywhere else. So you can just highlight the text in the browser and middle-click it into your terminal.


No desktop, only background with the Unity plugin

Try this, which worked for me in Ubuntu 12.10:

Use Ctrl+Alt+T to open the terminal. Now use the following command in the terminal:

rm -rf .compiz-1

Source: How To Fix: No Unity, No Launcher, No Dash In Ubuntu


GRUB Rescue - setting boot and prefix again and again

I got a solution for this type of problem if grub rescue> prompt occurs in booting time and you have to write a code like:

grub rescue> ls
grub rescue> set boot=(hd0,msdos*)
grub rescue> set prefix=(hd0,msdos*)/boot/grub
grub rescue> insmod normal
grub rescue> normal

After boot Linux/Ubuntu based OS will load then open a terminal and write the command:

useranf@ ~ $ sudo update-grub

then type this command:

useranf@ ~ $ sudo grub-install /dev/sda

after these operation now finally reboot your system.


You graphics card is not powerful enough to run Unity, or at least Unity 3D. You will have to install the Unity 2D version. It looks identical, but it is much more lightweight. It should be in the Ubuntu Software Center, but if that doesn't work out then follow this guide. :)


Yes, there are plans to add support for VPNs. No, support does not exist yet in the UI.


Can I upgrade Ubuntu from a Windows burnt disc?

When you create a disk (whether burnt on a DVD or on a USB stick), it's a bootable disk that you can use from start-up whether the computer in question has Windows, Ubuntu, both, another OS entirely, or has been completely screwed up by an interesting experiment and no longer has any OS on it at all (which is just as well for some of us).

The lack of an internet connection would of course prevent you from updating what you have, or installing anything that isn't included in the ISO. It might be better to take the laptop to the connection, than the Ubuntu to the laptop.

Still, a disk burnt from within Windows does not require Windows to be on the target machine.


Delted apt.conf.d folder in /etc/apt how to download it

You can copy it's contents from Ubuntu Installation CD or USB. Here is an example content of that folder:

karimov-danil@Karimov-Danil:~$ sudo ls /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/
00aptitude        05aptitude      20auto-upgrades        70debconf
00trustcdrom          10periodic      20changelog        99synaptic
01autoremove          15update-stamp  20dbus             99update-notifier
01autoremove-kernels  20archive       50unattended-upgrades


How to access Keyboard preferences / activate the Compose key / insert german umlauts in Ubuntu 20.04?

According to another page in the Ubuntu documentation, the Compose key must be enabled with GNOME Tweaks (install it with sudo apt install gnome-tweaks).
To enable it, open Tweaks and navigate to the “Keyboard & Mouse” section, then, click on the button to the right of Compose Key. The menu that pops up will allow you to enable the compose key and to select which button it is bound to.


How to type all the math, stat, greek, equations EFFICIENTLY in libreoffice?

LaTex is the standard document markup language for scientific papers. It's pretty hard to get in to for beginners, but very much worth the effort. Given your time constraints I would advise you to do the following:

Use a combination of TexMaths (for LaTex integration into LibreOffice) and a LaTex GUI equation editor like Daum Equation Editor (requires Google Chrome / Chromium but works fine offline) to create your formulae.


How do I install japanese anthy ubuntu 18.04?

After install the japanese language on a Gnome/Ubuntu 18.04:

Install, at least one, IMF (ibus comes by default on Ubuntu):

sudo apt install ibus, and/or;
sudo apt install fcitx

Install, at least one, japanese IME for your IMF:

if using ibus:

sudo apt install ibus-mozc, and/or;
sudo apt install ibus-anthy, and/or;
sudo apt install ibus-kkc, and/or;
sudo apt install ibus-skk.

if using fcitx:

sudo apt install fcitx-mozc, and/or;
sudo apt install fcitx-anthy, and/or;
sudo apt install fcitx-kkc, and/or;
sudo apt install fcitx-skk.

With that, select the input method (IME) from your language selector on icon tray (IMF).

the IMF (ibus) on Gnome Status Menu (is represented by a language icon selector).
all (my) selectable IMEs (portuguese, spanish, english, japanese-mozc, japanese-anthy, japanese-kkc, japanese-skk) from this IMF (ibus).

Or you can use the Gnome shortcut to fast-switch between IMEs: hold Super and press Space.


Remote Desktop - RDP blank screen and aborts after disconnect

I found the solution, after putting this line into the terminal, it worked:

echo mate-session> ~/.xsession

If this doesn't help you, try the following command before:

sudo apt-get install mate-core

(I'm not sure but I used a pre-compiled modified ubuntu by hardkernel. Mate was the desktop envoirement, but I was able to "newly" install the mate-core, not just update the existing. Maybe this was problem.)


How to find what's new in an updated package?

You can find changelogs by this command :

apt changelog grub-pc

This shows somethings like this that shows what is changed from prior versions:

  grub2 (2.02~beta3-4ubuntu2) zesty; urgency=medium

  debian/build-efi-images: provide a new grub EFI image which
  enforces that
  loaded kernels are signed for Secure Boot: build gsb$arch.efi; which is
  the same as grub$arch.efi minus the 'linux' module. Without fallback to
  'linux' for unsigned loading, this makes it effectively enforce having a
  signed kernel. (LP: #1401532)

  -- Mathieu Trudel-Lapierre   Thu, 30 Mar 2017
  17:45:23 -0400

If it's not work, you can use this command :

aptitude changelog grub-pc

It has the same output with apt.


How do I get my distro update dialog back?

So, the useful command line suggestions in the comments not withstanding, I still wanted this.

As it turns out, in the Software Updater (not Synaptic) settings, under Updates, there's an pulldown for "Notify my of a new Ubuntu version:" -- if you change it to "Never," quit the updater, re-open the updater and change it back to "For any new version" you'll definitely see the dialog.

Which is what I wanted.


Actually there is a Network Monitor widget on Kubuntu itself that does have this feature. I had added this before, but it did not show the histogram thing. Now after a reboot, everything seems to be working fine.


Ubuntu 20.04 Gnome Tweaks not showing options for keyboard 3rd level character

I found the answer to my question !
I just had to turn off "Show extended input sources" and bingo, I got the whole list for 3rd level character key.
Merry Christmas to all.


Turns out this problem was caused by a hardware fault in both mice. I fixed it by opening up my mouse and hosing down both the wheel and all the button swictes with compressed contact cleaner.

Unfortunately this dissolved the grease on the mousewheel rigging so I had to apply fresh silicone grease to these parts.

All in all, an £8 spend to bring a £100 mouse back to life seems like a fair deal. Yes, I paid too much for a mouse but it looks pretty.


Sorry to be the bearer of bad news, you will have to restore your windows files from the last backup.

(With the rm -rf .wine command you have not only wiped the entire wine settings but all programs and DATA in there. rm -rf XYZ is the 'nuke everything inside XZY' command in unix systems, use only if you know what you are doing)

You can remove installed programs in wine using the 'deinstall wine applications' applet, no need to get brute force normally. If you can't remove some wine application, go into the .wine folder and selectively delete only the directory of the application.

If you don't have backup, (but please say you do) and the files are important, then you will have to do an emergency data recovery on that disk. First action is then to STOP USING THE DISK IMMEDIATELY and get professional advice because every second you use the system, more of your deleted file contents will get overwritten.


have to plug/un-plug usb devices on system booting?

press F2 or DEL to get bios menu

then uncheck boot usb first option save the settings and restart


What is a rock solid and lightweight file manager to use with ubuntu 16.04 and Awesome WM?

I don't like two-pane window managers or any window managers that have the word commander in their name. All the other file managers at File Managers - awesome are either too heavy or else look ugly except for Rox-Filer and PCManFM.

Maybe Rox is more "rock solid" than PCManFM, but PCManFM wins the beauty contest. If Rox starts to behave like the asteroid belt, I'd say go with PCManFM.


Sharing folder between Windows 10 host and Ubuntu virtual box machine

I faced a similar issue with Lubuntu 18.04/vbox 5.2.1. I did the following: install vbox guest additions, put the user in the vboxsf group. No effect (in versions 16/17 of Ubuntu, usually works).

During the search for a solution, I found many suggestions of packages to be installed, with no effect.

The package that solved for me was: virtualbox-guest-x11. Try:

sudo apt install virtualbox-guest-x11.


ummm I don't really know what trouble are you having but the mainstream way of installing Ubuntu is through windows!!

all you need is the Ubuntu iso and a program that makes the bootable usb from that iso.

here's the link for Ubuntu 13.10 32bit iso http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/thank-you?release=latest&bits=32&distro=desktop&status=zeroc

if you want to install Ubuntu 12.04 then here it is http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/thank-you?distro=desktop&bits=32&release=lts (32bits also)

You can ask me what's the difference between those two versions. Anyways I recommend 13.10

and here's the program that you'd use to make the usb stick (with a guide how to use the program) http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows

...that's it! make the USB stick, plug it into the laptop and carry on! You can feed me back if you have any issues or questions ;)

...when you're done installing it I'd tell you about LXDE which is a lite user interface that you can install to ubuntu. It would make the laptop faster.


Instability with dual-booting Win7 + Ubuntu - Would VirtualBox be more stable?

Virtual Box works surprisingly well. My son uses FL Studio, and it works without mayor problems. The workflow is much better if you dont have to reboot every time you want check your emails.
But I think for rendering things you might need also a native Windows install. Try it out, if VB is fast enough for your needs, you can assign more processor.


Ubuntu 15.10 - USB Bluetooth not working

If someone else stumbles upon this, I had/have a similar problem.
For whatever reason, on my system

/usr/lib/bluetooth/bluetoothd

is not executable, and thus it obviously fails to start.

So,

sudo chmod a+x /usr/lib/bluetooth/bluetoothd

fixes the problem, at least until the next reboot. Reinstalling bluex fixes it as well - though I have not rebooted yet, so I don't know if it will survive the reboot.


I made /usr/local/ world writable, is it secure?

Here is a list of my systems /usr/local/

$ ls -lR /usr/local
/usr/local:
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 okt  7 09:33 bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 okt  7 09:33 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 okt  7 09:33 games
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 okt  7 09:33 include
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 okt  7 09:38 lib
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    9 okt  7 22:15 man -> share/man
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 okt  7 09:33 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 okt 15 15:13 share
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 okt  7 09:33 src

/usr/local/lib:
total 8
drwxrwsr-x 4 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:43 python2.7
drwxrwsr-x 3 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:33 python3.5

/usr/local/lib/python2.7:
total 8
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:38 dist-packages
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:43 site-packages

/usr/local/lib/python3.5:
total 4
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:33 dist-packages

/usr/local/share:
total 24
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 okt  7 09:43 ca-certificates
drwxrwsr-x 3 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:42 emacs
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:43 fonts
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 okt  7 09:33 man
drwxrwsr-x 7 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:42 sgml
drwxrwsr-x 6 root staff 4096 okt 15 15:13 xml

/usr/local/share/emacs:
total 4
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:42 site-lisp

/usr/local/share/sgml:
total 20
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:42 declaration
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:42 dtd
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:42 entities
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:42 misc
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt  7 09:42 stylesheet

/usr/local/share/xml:
total 16
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt 15 15:13 declaration
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt 15 15:13 entities
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt 15 15:13 misc
drwxrwsr-x 2 root staff 4096 okt 15 15:13 schema

To fix /usr/local/ issue these commands:

cd /usr/local/
chmod 755 *
chmod 777 man
cd /usr/local/lib/
chmod 775 *
chmod g+s *
chmod g+s python2.7/*
chmod g+s python3.5/*
cd /usr/local/share/
chmod 755 *
chmod 775 emacs fonts sgml xml
chmod g+s emacs fonts sgml xml
chmod 775 emacs/*
chmod g+s emacs/*
chmod 775 sgml/*
chmod g+s sgml/*

That should be it.

g+s sets the SGID bit (group sticky)
775 = rwx rwx r-x
755 = rwx r-x r-s


Getting a weird message box on watching YouTube videos?

Applications that run in Adobe Flash Player may want to store some information on your computer, but the amount they can store is limited to 100 kilobytes unless you agree to allocate additional space. Local storage settings let you specify how much disk space, if any, applications from a particular website can use to store information on your computer.

You can read all about Flash's Local Storage here.

To configure it, browse to these webpages (both lead to tabs in the Flash Player's settings manager):

Global storage settings
Settings for already visited sites

Note, that those settings are global and not bound to the browser. If you change anything with Firefox, the change will also affect Chromium, Opera, etc.


Ubuntu 14.04 LTS: session does not start and comes back to login

Set appropriate ownership to .Xauthority and .ICEauthority.

chown username:username .Xauthority
chown username:username .ICEauthority

Set permission for /tmp

sudo chmod a+wt /tmp

Restart lightdm

dpkg-reconfigure lightdm
sudo service lightdm restart

Reboot and login, this should fix your problem

If this doesn't fix your problem then remove incompatible graphics driver:

For Nvidia:

sudo nvidia-settings --uninstall
sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia*

For amd:

sudo apt-get purge fglrx*


How do I get rid of stale uninstalled entries in dpkg?

The un in the first column means unknown and not installed.

In your special case it means:

Package libboost1.42-dev is not available, but is referred to by another package

Why? That's why:

$ sudo apt-get install libboost1.42-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package libboost1.42-dev is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source

The solution? There is no solution, it it's by design...

Start a test

$ sudo grep -r 'libboost1.42-dev' /var/lib/apt/*
/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_wily_main_binary-i386_Packages:Conflicts: bjam, boost-build, libboost1.42-dev, libboost1.46-dev, libboost1.48-dev, libboost1.49-dev, libboost1.50-dev, libboost1.52-dev, libboost1.53-dev, libboost1.54-dev, libboost1.55-dev, libboost1.57-dev
/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_wily_main_binary-amd64_Packages:Conflicts: bjam, boost-build, libboost1.42-dev, libboost1.46-dev, libboost1.48-dev, libboost1.49-dev, libboost1.50-dev, libboost1.52-dev, libboost1.53-dev, libboost1.54-dev, libboost1.55-dev, libboost1.57-dev

The "problem" is in the two files /var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_wily_main_binary-amd64_Packages and /var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_wily_main_binary-amd64_Packages

Lets check one of them: /var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_wily_main_binary-amd64_Packages

A search for libboost1.42-dev gives us a new package libboost1.58-dev. Note the list of conflicting packages:

Package: libboost1.58-dev
Priority: optional
Section: libdevel
Installed-Size: 102966
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers
Original-Maintainer: Debian Boost Team
Architecture: amd64
Source: boost1.58
Version: 1.58.0+dfsg-3.1ubuntu1
Depends: libstdc++-4.8-dev | libstdc++-dev
Suggests: libboost1.58-doc, libboost-atomic1.58-dev, libboost-chrono1.58-dev, libboost-context1.58-dev, libboost-coroutine1.58-dev, libboost-date-time1.58-dev, libboost-exception1.58-dev, libboost-filesystem1.58-dev, libboost-graph1
.58-dev, libboost-graph-parallel1.58-dev, libboost-iostreams1.58-dev, libboost-locale1.58-dev, libboost-log1.58-dev, libboost-math1.58-dev, libboost-mpi1.58-dev, libboost-mpi-python1.58-dev, libboost-program-options1.58-dev, libboos
t-python1.58-dev, libboost-random1.58-dev, libboost-regex1.58-dev, libboost-serialization1.58-dev, libboost-signals1.58-dev, libboost-system1.58-dev, libboost-test1.58-dev, libboost-thread1.58-dev, libboost-timer1.58-dev, libboost-w
ave1.58-dev, libboost1.58-tools-dev, libmpfrc++-dev, libntl-dev
Conflicts: bjam, boost-build, libboost1.42-dev, libboost1.46-dev, libboost1.48-dev, libboost1.49-dev, libboost1.50-dev, libboost1.52-dev, libboost1.53-dev, libboost1.54-dev, libboost1.55-dev, libboost1.57-dev
Filename: pool/main/b/boost1.58/libboost1.58-dev_1.58.0+dfsg-3.1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
Size: 6233784
MD5sum: 867f4210133469ec03d6cf882a9b6ad3
SHA1: 39647540966b1eea834dd86e47158e67cf0b2ed6
SHA256: bc427831ec16348cf81f0dd44c889d23d4e70c9fa0f1aadefff0fa77119875cf
Description: Boost C++ Libraries development files
Multi-Arch: same
Homepage: http://www.boost.org/
Description-md5: afccffe6a3ce49022d7832b028860029
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Origin: Ubuntu
Supported: 9m
Task: ubuntu-sdk-libs-dev

And this is the solution or an explanation

The package libboost1.42-dev isn't available, check the output of apt-cache policy libboost1.42-dev, but is referred by another package, libboost1.58-dev, in the list of conflicting packages and that's why you have this item in the output of sudo dpkg -l *boost*.

The package libboost1.58-dev is in the Ubuntu main repositories and you could remove this repository to get rid of the output of the dpkg … command. But that's a really bad idea.


As @grahammechanical said in the comment above, all of your music should still be on your computer -- probably in your ~/Music folder.  From within Banshee, go to Tools > Rescan Music Library and Banshee should automatically re-import all of the songs.  If that doesn't work, you can re-import manually by going to Media > Import Media, and choose to import your entire Music folder.

But removing all of your songs when you try to remove one is a very weird issue.  If you can reproduce the problem, I'm sure the Banshee developers would appreciate it if you report it here: http://banshee.fm/contribute/file-bugs/

Before you try to test this out (and in general, if you're worried about problems with your music library) you might want to make a backup copy of your database.  The following command will create a copy of your Banshee database in the same folder as the normal database:

cp ~/.config/banshee-1/banshee.db ~/.config/banshee-1/banshee.db.backup


reinstalling packages using the command line

Of course.

You can do

sudo apt install {package1} {package2} {package3} {package4}

where you replace {packageN} will the package names you want to install. This does depend on the packages being available in the repositories.

The same can be done with downloaded .DEB's with

sudo dpkg -i {package}

You can also search for the name in Ubuntu software center if you do not know the package name and install from there or write down the package name it shows and install it with above apt command.


Have you been installed the boot loader into MBR? try to install it into your primary Hard-drive. It should available when configuring partition of OS.


Why doesn't Telegram's desktop file show its name label in the Dash?

just run telegram it will automatically create a telegramdesktop.desktop file as follows

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Version=1.0
Name=Telegram Desktop
Comment=Official desktop version of Telegram messaging app
#path file
Exec=/home/username/download/telegram/Telegram -- %u
Icon=telegram
Terminal=false
StartupWMClass=Telegram
Type=Application
Categories=Network;
MimeType=x-scheme-handler/tg;
X-Desktop-File-Install-Version=0.22


14.04 server not seeing kernel upgrade options, how to enable?

The problem is that at some point the linux-image-generic package was removed. This package is a dummy package for the new linux kernel images. Removing it won't break your system, but it will cease new kernel installs. If it isn't "installed", new versions of the kernel aren't detected because this packaged doesn't have new versions with new dependencies on the specific kernel package.

This could happen if you uninstall a specific kernel as it will also uninstall linux-image-generic along with it.

To fix, run sudo apt-get install linux-image-generic. This will install the latest kernel version as a dependency. Then you should also see that the linux-image-generic is marked manual where it was missing before:

$ sudo apt-mark showmanual linux-image-generic
linux-image-generic

Additionally, sudo apt-get autoremove should now start offering to remove old kernels as it would have done before.


After install xubuntu 16, starting gives errors

/bin/sh exists but couldn't execute it shows that it's certainly not installed successfully. Please

verify the integrity of the installation medium and
see How do I install Ubuntu? and install Xubuntu again from scratch.


After talking with both Linux and Windows professionals, we decided there's only one way to fix this. You must perform a hard reset. The steps to do this are listed below, and good timing is crucial. Note that this requires you not remove the recovery partition. if you've removed the recovery partition, then the only option is to send your Surface in for "repair".

Turn on the Surface and let Grub start
Hold down the power/lock button for 10 seconds and release it to ensure all power throughout the device is cut.
Hold the power button for 10 seconds
While still holding the power button, hold the volume down button for another 7 seconds, then release both simultaneously
You should see the Surface logo with the "loading" chasing dots animation below it.

If you have still booted back into Grub, then you haven't gotten the timing down. Return to step 1 and repeat.

You should be presented with the Windows Advanced Boot interface. This works with touch, mouse, or keyboard, so proceed as you wish.
The interface may vary by which generation Surface you have, but you should see a selection of installed OSs (in my case, just Windows 8 Pro). Select Windows 8 Pro.
Navigate to Advanced Settings, and then Reset or Refresh your device

Reset will restore everything to factory settings.
Refresh will restore everything to factory settings except the User directory, and will preserve Windows 8 Modern (AKA Metro) apps. If you choose this, all traditional Windows programs will be wiped and a list of which ones were removed (and usually where to download them) will be placed on your desktop as an HTML file.

You'll be booted back into Windows and all semblance of Grub will be gone :3


Is there "proprietary drivers" menu in Ubuntu 18.04?

Originally I found the Additional Drivers tab in software updater and Settings button. But if you search, you can directly find & go to Software & Updates. Both Software Updater and Software & Updates icons and screens shown.


Error message when installing Chinese input

First I read this post  It is not the solution to the problem but it worked very similar. Open

System->Administration->Synaptic Package Manager

Then:

Settings->Repositories

and first looked whether the checkbox "Software restricted by copyright or legal issues" was checked (in my case it was)

After this go to the tab "Other Software" and checked "Canonical Partners" (if you have Source Code installed you may check "Canonical Partners(Source Code)" too) to allow Ubuntu to download from this sources.

Result: All updates should work as before


The kernel only covers the kernel, mkfs.qnx6 is helper userspace utility you are missing. Likely need to be build and installed from mkfs sources?


Ubuntu 20.04 will work fine on raspberry 3B
https://ubuntu.com/download/raspberry-pi


Dual Boot Windows 10/Ubuntu: Managing Partitions

As far as I can see, you need to create a new partition (like D: in ext4/3 type) from C:, to install your Ubuntu. Those disks(500 MB, 12 GB and 1 GB) is the recovery storage created by Windows, I suggest you do not use it, as long as you have sufficient space in C: is 900 GB.

In fact, you can create this ext4/3 files system partition in either Windows or Linux environment.

In Windows, unfortunately, you cannot do so with Disk management, so plz by install MiniTool partition wizard https://www.partitionwizard.com/.

In Linux (I mean your boot into Ubuntu LiveUSB already to install Ubuntu), just follow the steps to Shrink Volume C: and create new partition (around 100 GB size, I guess) to install your Ubuntu.

Lastly, the "EasyBCD" will help you to manage dualboot grub in an easy way.

GL