When clicking URL in E-Mail, the client switches to the browser window

I have found followed solution. First, edit file in ~/.local/share/applications/google_chrome_my.desktop. Must contain:

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Google Chrome
Exec=/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable --new-window %U
Terminal=false
Icon=google-chrome
Type=Application
Categories=Network;WebBrowser;
MimeType=text/html;text/xml;application/xhtml_xml;image/webp;x-scheme-handler/http;x-scheme-handler/https;x-scheme-handler/ftp;.

Add this .desktop file to your Applet Launcher Bar (Drag and Drop).

Next, add following to file ~/config/mimeapps.list in pragraph [Default Applications](but not in ~/.local/share/applications/):

text/html=google_chrome_my.desktop
x-scheme-handler/http=google_chrome_my.desktop
x-scheme-handler/https=google_chrome_my.desktop
text/xml=google_chrome_my.desktop
application/xhtml_xml=google_chrome_my.desktop
image/webp=google_chrome_my.desktop
x-scheme-handler/ftp=google_chrome_my.desktop.

Next logout/login. From now on that must to work.

xdg-settings set default-web-browser has no funktion on my Desktop(?).

(thanks to Post in linux.org.ru: https://www.linux.org.ru/forum/desktop/12427558?lastmod=1457875649636#comment-12427623
and
https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/MIME-Typ/#Standardanwendung-festlegen)


Problem with WICD (as a network manager) and Steam

In case you also get "Fatal Error: Steam needs to be online to update. Please confirm your network connection and try again" installing libnss-resolve:i386 seems to fix the issue.
https://github.com/ValveSoftware/steam-for-linux/issues/4661


I have not tried this, but I just talked to a guy at System76 about why the Oryx Pro (which is a rebranded Clevo 650RE) doesn't have the 4k screen option that's offered on that frame.  He said that while Ubuntu 'works' it was not a 'nice out-of-box experience', so I'm guessing it doesn't look great.


Control Android recovery mode using Ubuntu

Enable USB debugging on your Android device. If you can't get into your phone to enable USB debugging on it, skip this step in case USB debugging is already enabled on it.
Install Android Debug Bridge CLI tool (android-tools-adb). In Ubuntu 14.04 and later open the  terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install android-tools-adb android-tools-fastboot

Connect your phone to the computer by USB cable.
To boot into recovery mode for all Android devices, open the terminal and type:

adb reboot recovery

This command allows you to boot directly into recovery mode without pushing any buttons on the phone.
If adb returns a device not found error message, run the following commands to check if your phone appears on the list of devices attached:

adb devices
fastboot devices


confused with different commands for syncing repo

Your first "command" is indeed to not command at all, it's a small chunk of the  default.xml file, the android manifest.

The second command as explained in the CyanogenMod README will initialize your local repository using the CyanogenMod trees.

Your cursor was blinking because your shell was interpreting the "<" as a redirection directive (and it waits for input), see http://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/io-redirection.html.


Run shell script from Desktop Ubuntu 19.04

I'm using PopOS, but it's all gnome3 so it should be the same.

Click the dots in upper right on a nautilus window (file explorer).

Then go to "Behavior" tab and the "Executable Text Files: Run Them" option is here.

It's worth noting this is off by default as a security feature. It's easy enough to right click, open terminal and run it from the command line if you know what your doing. If this computer isn't exclusively used be people who know what they're doing, best keep it off.


How do I make a shell script in Ubuntu Terminal?

To answer part of what was asked:

First of all I used 'myDemoScript' rather than 'gcc' because it gets confusing when you later invoke the gnu c compiler (GCC) from a script with the same name.

1) First a basic way of doing it without checking the file name:

vim myDemoScript
i (insert mode on)
#!/usr/bin/env bash
gcc -o hello hello.m  etc etc etc
ESC :wq

chmod +x myDemoScript  (make the script executable).
Afterwards you can just use ./myscript.

2) If you use bash (or similar shells) you can use $0, $1.

$0 will contain the name of the program (e.g. in my case "myDemoScript".)
$1 will contain the first argument.

So If you invoke "./myDemoScript hello" then inside the script $1 will contain "hello"

#$/usr/bin/env bash
echo started the script $0 with $# arguments
echo going to work on the file $1
echo compiling $1.c to produce the output file $1
gcc -o $1 $1.c

(For more details google on "bash getopts")

3) To answer how I would do it:

For compilation jobs: use make.

Make is overkill for compiling a single c file to an executable, but it is a good tool to learn and you can use it for so much more. It is also very useful should you ever get a project with multiple files. Especially in the case of many files or files which take long to compile.

vim Makefile
i (insert mode on)

hello:
<TAB> gcc -o hello hello.m -I `gnustep-config \
       --variable=GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_HEADERS` \
      -L `gnustep-config --variable=GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES` \
      -lgnustep-base -fconstant-string-class=NSConstantString \
      -D_NATIVE_OBJC_EXCEPTIONS

debug_hello:
<TAB> gcc -g -o hello hello.m -I `gnustep-config  \
      --variable=GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_HEADERS` \
      -L `gnustep-config --variable=GNUSTEP_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES` \
      -lgnustep-base -fconstant-string-class=NSConstantString \
      -D_NATIVE_OBJC_EXCEPTIONS

clean:
<TAB> rm hello

ESC :wq (write and quit)

With this file in the same folder you can just issue `make hello'.
Make will then search for the label hello in the Makefile.
It will check if it needs to build any dependencies first (none are used in or example), and then execute your compile command.

I added the label *debug_hello* to demonstrate other options: E.g. building a debug version of the same program by adding the -g flag to gcc.

The clean is another nice example. Partially because it shows non-GCC functionality. Partially because it is very nice to have a way to clean things when you project grows to include dozens of files.

Make can do much much more than what I just showed, but that is getting rather off-topic. I recommend some googling if you are curious.


For me this looks like a dependency issue, so you can try this:

apt-get autoremove
apt-get remove --purge mysql*
apt-get autoclean
deluser mysql
rm -rf /var/log/mysql
rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
rm -rf /etc/mysql

Hope this helps!


How can I change focus when a game locks it?

I had similar experience with Unreal Tournament 2004. Eventually I have found that pressing Esc (thus switching to game menu) released keyboard grab and I could alt-tab.

Unfortunately, lot of games seem to not behave in a desktop-friendly fashion, exclusively grabbing keyboard and mouse during the action. This effectively disables any interaction of the user with the desktop: he can't use his window manager (alt-tab is the most common example), he can't use his desktop-wide keyboard shortcuts (e.g. control music player), he can't answer IM, etc.

It looks like there is no clean solution to this issue, except that redesigning affected games themselves. (Though some hacks with forbidding keyboard grabs using LD_PRELOAD may be relevant).


JavaFX on WSL - java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javafx/application/Application

It is always troublesome with JavaFX. ;) I recommend you using the JDK Amazon Corretto 8: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/corretto/latest/corretto-8-ug/downloads-list.html

It works fine and I never had any issues with it.


Will using a less resource intensive DE on top of Ubuntu be as fast as a distro which uses that DE as default?

If you install XFCE, your system should be reasonably faster. Even faster if you use LXDE.

I cannot vouch for Cinnamon which I do not have experience with.

It won't be the same thing as using Xubuntu (which uses XFCE) or Lubuntu (LXDE) because Xubuntu and Lubuntu have different packages installed to optimise performance. For example, Xubuntu comes with Thunar file manager instead of Nautilus. Lubuntu contains leafpad as text editor instead of Gedit. Ubuntu and Xubuntu have Thunderbird as mail program while Lubuntu has sylpheed.

This said you should notice a significant improvement on performance because the DE is one of the most resource hungry components of a distribution.

Note that Lubuntu is not available as LTS whereas Xubuntu 12.04 is supported for three years.


Only https connections are encrypted. If you are opening a website whose address starts with http:// (no "s") the connection is not encrypted.


CLI way to compress individual files currently in compressed folder

You can use the “copy” operation of zip(1) and some file path mangling. It has the advantage to copy compressed data streams directly to the target archive without intermittent decompression.

#!/bin/bash
src=Data.zip
dst=.

LC_ALL=C unzip -l "$src" |
sed -re '1,/^-{6}/d; /^-{6}/,$d; /\/$/d; s/^\s*(\S+\s+){3}//' |
while read -r f; do
    out="${f##*/}"; out="$dst/${f%%/*}_zipped/${out%.*}.zip"
    if [ ! -d "${out%/*}" ]; then
        mkdir -p "${out%/*}" || return
    fi
    zip --copy "$src" --out "$out" "$f" <&- || return
done

I added LC_ALL=C to the invocation of unzip because its output format looks a little flaky across different implementations and I want to avoid locale-dependent output variants at least.


file manager cannot mount btrfs usb disk

Install the udisks2-btrfs package as this often has something to do with gvfs and I think udisks is involved with mounting the USB drive.
sudo apt update
sudo apt install udisks2-btrfs
systemctl --user restart gvfs-udisks2-volume-monitor


Installing Windows 7 alongside Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04

Yes you can triple boot Windows 7, Windows 8 and Ubuntu provided you have enough space for three OS. You have to create separate partition for Windows 7 in the unallocated space along with the remaining space available in the hard disk. If no space is available then you have to delete an existing partition to install Windows 7.


How to I check the battery level on a Microsoft Surface from a WSL Ubuntu shell?

As I wrote this question I found the solution so I thought I'd share it.

I don't know whether this is a peculiarity of the Surface hardware or of the WSL ubuntu version, but the directory structure appears to be different on this setup:

user@sp4-2637:~$ ls /sys/class/power_supply/
ac  battery  usb

Rather than looking in the BAT0 directory I can find the battery level in battery:

user@sp4-2637:~$ cat /sys/class/power_supply/battery/capacity
100


VirtualBox Xubuntu guest does not recognise changed virtual disk size

I've had this problem a bunch of times. It's hard to say exactly why it's happening without screenshots of what your gparted looks like. In my case it was usually because resizing a virtual hard disk actually takes two steps.

You did the first step, which was to resize the virtual hard disk through VBoxManage. What I'd recommend next is opening up gparted and checking for any "unallocated space" on the hard disk. For Xubuntu to start using the extra space that was made available through VBoxManage, you have to use the "Resize" function to turn that "unallocated space" into space that's formatted for Linux to use.

Apologies if you checked that already--if so, are you using LVM by any chance?

Hope that helps!


Ok, problem solved.
I've added a command in the statement line:

$(mysql_config --libs)

so the new statement is

apxs2 -I/usr/include/mysql -i -a -c $(mysql_config --libs) mod_aledav.c

After restarting the apache2 service, the module is loaded.

From the
mysql site

so a new statement is

sudo apxs2 -I/usr/include/mysql -i -a -c -lmysqlclient -lz  mod_aledav.c


Update Manager offers update for ibus-hangul & nabi packages but they can't be installed

Although I'm not sure on why this is happening (I arrived here searching for the same question), you don't have to install/launch Synaptic. You can use the command sudo apt-get install ibus-hangul nabi instead.


Add an Option to Global Menu in Ubuntu 11.10

Since unity made it clear that applets will not be added to top panel (when unity was introduced), this might go complex just for the sake of laziness.

Other solutions are:

adding log-out launcher to side-bar, although this might just use more space.
adding a launcher on the desktop
adding a keyboard shortcut (edit me if I'm wrong, but there's no logout button in Unity, no?), which would be the neatest and probably even easier solution than moving mouse.


Login automatically after PC goes to sleep

Make sure the Lock Screen option is deselected on your Power Manager, Session and Startup Advanced tab, and on the Screen Saver.
Go to Startup Applications and deselect the item titled Screen Locker.


Can't get big enough partition Windows 10 disk for installing Ubuntu

You need to shrink your Windows 10 partition. Any number from 30 to 60 GB should be more than enough for Ubuntu. From these instructions you can see the Windows 10 screen:


Unable to load tp_smapi on Thinkpad w541

tp-smapi doesn't support your hardware. Your output shows that tpacpi-bat works. Try to recalibrate your battery as described in the manual.

EDITH: i had a closer look into your output. Your battery doesn't need recalibration (design cap 0 56040 mAh vs. last full = 55950 mAh).

So i guess the reason for your fast battery drain is something else, probably the infamous Nvidia Optimus hybrid graphics.


HDSPmixer and HDSPconf HiDPI Scaling Factor

I found a workaround: run_scaled which is available here:
https://github.com/kaueraal/run_scaled

I copied and pasted the code into gedit and saved as "run_scaled" in my home directory.  Make the file executable:

chmod +X run_scaled

then

sudo apt install xvfb xpra

then

run_scaled hdspconf

and

run_scaled hdspmixer

Both apps are now useable, although they take a few seconds to load.  I've added the commands to Startup Applications:

Commands:

/home/myusername/run_scaled hdspconf

and

/home/myusername/run_scaled hdspmixer

Change myusername to your username.

They each take a few extra seconds to load after logging in, which is duplicated in the command line launch.

Cool script!  Thanks to Alexander Kauer (kaueraal).

Edit: this does leave 2 icons in the system tray, one for each application.  They could be useful...I get a whole Start menu to launch applications, plus options for scaling, and a lot more.


How to install multiple PPAs and applications at once?

I used the simple script below to add the texworks and Ubuntu GIS PPAs and then install texworks and Quantum Gis from their respective source, you can expand on it by adding the other PPAs and adding the package names to the apt-get install command line.

#!/bin/bash

echo "Adding PPAs"

add-apt-repository ppa:texworks
add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntugis/ubuntugis-unstable

echo "updating repositories"
apt-get update

echo "Installing packages"

apt-get install texworks qgis

echo "Finished adding PPAs and insatlling applications"
exit 0


Actually GNS3 is an open source software. Also Dynamips (the core of GNS3) is open source. The problem with them is that you need to have original IOS images to emulate routers (or IPS or firewalls). You can also emulate JunOs.

GNS3 gives also the possibility to add virtual machines (from VirtualBox or Qemu) to the topology. You can still play a bit with GNS3 emulating open source network appliances such as: OpenWRT(https://openwrt.org/), Vyatta core (http://www.vyatta.org/node/6757), Openvswitch(http://openvswitch.org/), pfSense (http://www.pfsense.org/). Just pay attention to the resources needed to emulate a complex network.

Another good software to emulate networks is ns (http://www.nsnam.org/).

Source: Network Simulator for Ubuntu 12.04


Keyboard fails to work after failed driver install

I can tell you how to revert the changes described in this answer:

Unload the aziokbd kernel module:

sudo modprobe -r aziokbd
sudo dkms remove -m aziokbd -v 1.0.0

Remove /etc/modprobe.d/usbhid.conf:

sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/usbhid.conf

Edit /etc/default/grub with your favourite text editor as super-user and remove the usbhid.quirks=0x0c45:0x7603:0x4 from the variable GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT.
Update Grub:

sudo update-grub

Reboot.

This will revert the changes however I can't tell if this will resolve your issue since I'm not sure by what it's caused.


login to container

lxc exec <container-name> -- sudo --login --user <username>

get the shell prompt of the container

lxc exec <container-name> -- sudo /bin/bash


Any suggestions for list of supported streaming audio/video server?

I've heard good things about Flumotion. I haven't tried it myself, but I did read the documentation for it, and it seems like a really nice and professional solution. You can read about it here: http://www.flumotion.net/


NumLock wont activate on startup in 15.04

Follow these instructions and you should be all set

Open a terminal

type:

sudo apt-get install -y numlockx
sudo nano /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-unity-greeter.conf

Add this to the bottom of the script:

greeter-setup-script=/usr/bin/numlockx on

And you should be golden.

If numlock turns off after you login add /usr/bin/numlockx on to startup applications.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NumLock for additional info if you need it


codeblocks
sudo apt-get install codeblocks

Wikipedia: Code:Blocks


How do I install Adobe Flash for use with the Chromium browser (pepperflash)?

Install the package pepperflashplugin-nonfree.
Open a terminal with CTRL+ALT+T
Run the command sudo apt-get install pepperflashplugin-nonfree


How can I mount a drive that does not want to mount?

I see a problem with your commands: /dev/sdg1 in the 1st error. /dev/sdf in the 2nd error. g-io-error-quark, 19 means "Method name you invoked isn’t known by the object you invoked it on." So I would assume your 1st command has an invalid device and it should be /dev/sdf1.

Regarding the superblock error: start here and read the link in post 2

  So how the hell you are gonna Surviving a Filesystem Failures? Most of time fsck (front end to ext2/ext3 utility) can fix the problem, first simply run e2fsck - to check a Linux ext2/ext3 file system, first unmount /dev/sdf1 then type following command :

# e2fsck -f /dev/sdf1

  Is it possible to recover data from an unknown partition?

Yes as explained above: fschk can be used to fix your partition


Skype on desktop doesn't recognize new sign-in details, but web app does

Try getting a newer version of skype, v5 works fine.

  Important notice: All Skype for Linux clients version 4.3 and older will be retired on July 1, 2017. To keep chatting, please install the latest version of Skype for Linux.

From skype


How to distribute windows over virtual desktops in Gnome

If you're using Compiz, install compizconfig-settings-manager, activate the "Place Windows" plugin, and in the "Fixed Window Placement" tab, you can adjust which windows should default to which viewport.


How do I remove Windows from the UEFI boot menu after custom installing Ubuntu?

Find UEFI boot entries
To remove the now useless Windows boot entry in the UEFI, first you need to find it. This can be done directly from the main Ubuntu OS. There is no need to boot from a live USB/DVD. The installed Ubuntu already has the required commandline utility.
Open a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T and then enter:
sudo efibootmgr

Enter the password when prompted and hit Enter. The cursor won't move and you won't see any asterisks(*****). This is normal in Ubuntu terminal. You will see some output like:
BootCurrent: 0002
Timeout: 2 seconds
BootOrder: 0002,0001,000
Boot0000* Dell
Boot0001* Windows Boot Manager
Boot0002* ubuntu

Note, I got two entries other than windows, 0 for "Dell" and 1 for "Windows Boot Manager". Since I deleted all the original partitions except EFI, I can no longer boot "Dell" or "Windows Boot Manager." I could delete both 0 and 1. But for this answer I will show how to delete only the Windows Boot Manager entry.
Note: the entries you want to delete may be different than this example. Use the output you get from your own computer, not the above example, to decide which entries you want to delete.
Delete the obsolete boot entries
Now that you know you want to delete the entry 1 (in this example), In the terminal enter:
sudo efibootmgr -b 1 -B

Note, the 1 in the command above. This command will delete the entry:
Boot0001* Windows Boot Manager

Delete the corresponding folder from the EFI partition
We are almost done. This last step makes sure the UEFI does not regenerate the entries we just deleted. To do this you have delete a folder corresponding the entry you deleted in the previous steps.
Now you find the name and location of the folder to delete. Use the following command to list all the folders in the EFI subfolder in the partition:
sudo ls /boot/efi/EFI

You will see some output like:
Dell Windows ubuntu

To delete the Windows folder use the following command:
sudo rm -r /boot/efi/EFI/Windows

To verify that the folder was deleted, use the sudo ls /boot/efi/EFI command again.
Finally update GRUB to hide the GRUB menu
At this stage when you boot the laptop, GRUB will still show the menu to choose various OSs, even though you have only Ubuntu installed. Edit the file /etc/default/grub with the following command. You may use any other editor if you want.
sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Make the two lines look like this:
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden
GRUB_TIMEOUT=0

If the line GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden does not exist, add the line as above.
When done, save and exit the editor by Ctrl+X, followed by Y and Enter.
The final step is to update GRUB with the following command:
sudo update-grub

Now the laptop should directly boot Ubuntu without showing the GRUB menu. If you need to get to the recovery mode in the future, then hit Esc while the laptop boots to reveal the GRUB menu.
Reference: This answer is based on How do I remove "Ubuntu" in the bios boot menu? (UEFI)


Problem upgrading Ubuntu from 18.10 to 19.04

For a long shot.

sudo apt install --reinstall python-minimal  python2.7-minimal


Why are unnecessary language files installed on my system?

This seems an issue with hardinfo reporting the terms locale and language rather confusingly.

I have only 2 languages installed on my ubuntu system, english and norwegian. Yet hardinfo returns a long list of all the locales matching 'en'.

A locale does not consist of the language files for a language, it is "a set of language and cultural rules" (quote man 7 locale)

In fact, hardinfo shows exactly the same list as what this command returns:
 locale -a|grep 'en\|no', which i suspect is what hardinfo uses "under the hood".


Ethernet (wired connection) is Unreachable in Ubuntu 16.04

I solve through this method:
    Assume the interface is called eno1 (found from command ifconfig)

- sudo service network-manager stop
- sudo ifconfig eno1 up
- sudo dhclient eno1
- sudo service network-manager start

from: https://askubuntu.com/a/1010564/78528


DNS Problem and question mark in top bar - Ubuntu 17

I had the same problem after upgrading from Ubuntu 16.04 to Ubuntu 17.10. Was however able to open web pages in the Tor Browser but not in Firefox or Chrome. I solved this by carefully following the steps in the following article by Hectic Geek.
Possibly one only needs to follow the part after the title End of Update
 https://www.hecticgeek.com/2017/04/ubuntu-17-04-systemd-dns-issues/

Was not however able to get rid of the question mark. It is however a known bug, as shown in the following bug report
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-shell/+bug/1722256
Report also suggests a possible simple solution to both issues.

Edit:- it appears that the question mark issue is related to the curl package installed, see
https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=229189


A later bcmwl-kernel-source package (i.e. bcmwl-kernel-source_6.30.223.30+bdcom-0ubuntu3) does have support for the chipset Broadcom BCM4360, PCI-ID 14e4:43a0. The catch is that this package was part of the Saucy release (i.e. Ubuntu 13.10) so for now it needs to be installed manually in Precise (i.e. Ubuntu 12.04). To determine which version you need, find out if you have a 32- or 64-bit installation:

arch

If your is 32-bit (i686), you need to dowbload this to your desktop: http://launchpadlibrarian.net/143917601/bcmwl-kernel-source_6.30.223.30%2Bbdcom-0ubuntu3_i386.deb

If 64-bit (x86_64), then this: http://launchpadlibrarian.net/143917424/bcmwl-kernel-source_6.30.223.30%2Bbdcom-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb

Both packages require dependencies. With a temporary wired ethernet connection, please do:

sudo apt-get install dkms libc6-dev linux-libc-dev
cd ~/Desktop
sudo dpkg -i bcmwl*.deb

Detach the ethernet, reboot and give us your report.


Dual Booting win 10 and Ubuntu 18.04 on two separate physical ssds

If you can disable or unplug the disk with Windows 10

In Windows 10

Keep the second disk unformatted and uninitialized

The Ubuntu installer will format the new SSD as ext4 format. This is the format used by Ubuntu. Windows 10 cannot use this format and Ubuntu cannot be installed in the NTFS format Windows uses.

Disable Fast Startup in Windows

Fast Start does not fully close Windows. As a result, the files and data in the Windows disk can't be accessed from Ubuntu. This should not matter in a two disk setup except when you need to grab a file from the Windows drive when you are using Ubuntu.

In UEFI/BIOS Setup

Disable Secure Boot

This is not strictly necessary, but I find it easier if you need to install proprietary drivers in Ubuntu if you have secure boot off.

Change Boot options

Disable Fast Boot if there is such an option in the UEFI. Note, this is separate from the option within Windows. If this option is present and set, it may prevent booting from the second drive.
Disable hard drive/SSD containing the Windows 10. You will add it back again after Ubuntu is installed. This option may not be present in all UEFI. If this option is not present, you may want to physically unplug the drive containing Windows 10.
Make boot order UEFI USB followed by the empty drive. Changing the boot order may not be needed if you get a prompt to press a key to select boot drive when the computer boots.

Install Ubuntu

Boot from the Live USB. Make sure you are booting in UEFI mode. If you see two USB options choose the one with UEFI in it. When you boot from the USB, you will see a black screen with white text and border with Grub 2.xx on top. There will be options to Try Ubuntu and install Ubuntu on this screen. If you see a purple screen instead, you have booted the USB in Legacy mode.

Ubuntu install with "erase the whole disk and install Ubuntu" option. This should be selected by default if the disk is new.

If you see the option of installing Ubuntu side-by-side with Windows, then either you have selected the wrong disk in UEFI setup or you have not disabled the Windows 10 disks in UEFI. STOP

Complete Installation. Restart computer using the on screen button when prompted. Remove the USB and hit enter when prompted.

UEFI Setup Again

When the computer restarts, enter UEFI setup again before it boots Ubuntu. If you somehow miss the UEFI setup option and Ubuntu boots, you can login to Ubuntu and play with it a bit. When you are satisfied, restart and get to UEFI Setup.

Re-enable the Windows 10 disk.

Change boot order (if needed)

Make sure the Ubuntu disk is the first in the boot order.

Save changes in UEFI and continue booting Ubuntu.

In Ubuntu

Once you login to Ubuntu (after making the changes in UEFI setup) open a terminal using Ctrl+Alt+T and enter:

sudo update-grub

You will be prompted for your password. When you enter the password, the cursor will not move. There will NOT be any ******. This is normal.

When the program finishes you can close the terminal window.

Booting Windows 10 again

Next time you restart the computer you will see the Grub menu with Ubuntu at the top (the default) and Windows 10 and other choices below it. Select Windows 10 using the ↓ key on your keyboard and press Enter↵. Windows 10 should boot normally after that.

If you want to boot Ubuntu, when you see the Grub menu press Enter↵.

If you cannot disable or unplug the disk with Windows 10

This part of the answer uses the advanced installation of Ubuntu. Follow the instructions above for preparing the system as before. Except, you do not have to disable or unplug the disk that contains Windows 10.

Bug Alert!

There is a bug (bug number: 1396379) in the Ubuntu installer that installs the grub bootloader on the first ESP it finds. See https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2182302 for discussions on this.

To workaround this bug you will need to take a few extra steps.

Workaround

When you boot from the LiveUSB in UEFI mode, use the Try Ubuntu
without Installing option.
Open the Gparted application when the Ubuntu desktop starts.
Select the Windows (first) drive within Gparted at the top right
corner(1):

The NVME drive in this picture does not have Windows. However, it has an EFI System Partition (ESP).

Highlight the ESP in the bottom list of partitions as shown above (2). Right click on the highlighted partition and select Manage Flags from the context menu. You will see:

You should see two flags, boot and esp checked. Uncheck those two flags. Click Close button to exit the Manage Flag window. Click the green "Apply" ✅ button if it is clickable.

You will need to restore those check marks once Ubuntu is installed using the same above process so that Windows can boot from the first drive.

Close Gparted.

This is the end of the workaround.

Install Ubuntu

Boot from the Live USB. Make sure you are booting in UEFI mode. If you see two USB options choose the one with UEFI in it. When you boot from the USB, you will see a black screen with white text and border with Grub 2.xx on top. There will be options to Try Ubuntu and install Ubuntu on this screen. If you see a purple screen instead, you have booted the USB in Legacy mode.

Ubuntu install with "Something Else" option as shown below:

You will see a list of disks and partitions like this:

This may look strange coming from Windows. Take some time to familiarize with this picture. In your case, you may see /dev/sda and /dev/sdb instead of /dev/vda and /dev/vdb. These are the two physical (in my case virtual) disks. My /dev/vda disk has just one partition. It is called /dev/vda1. You will probably have more partitions in your disks with Windows 10. They may be called /dev/sda1, /dev/sda2, /dev/sda3, /dev/sda4 etc. These partitions may be type ntfs.

In contrast /dev/vdb does not have any partitions. This is because this is a new disk unformatted and unallocated. We will install Ubuntu on this disk.

Before we can partition /dev/vdb, we have to make a New Partition Table. to do this highlight the new disk, in my case /dev/vdb and click on the button New Partition Table.... You will see a warning:

Click Continue. Now you will see a new row below /dev/vdb called free space.

Highlight the Free Space under /dev/vdb and click on the + to create the first partition. The first partition will be a 200 MB EFI system partition. Change the size to 200 MB and the Use as:

The Create Partition window should now look like:

Once you click OK, you will see partition /dev/vdb1 type efi in the window. Yours may be /dev/sdb1 or something else.

Highlight the free space below /dev/vdb1 and click on the + to create the next partition. This will be the main partition.

The default installation of Ubuntu just creates these two partitions. So, it is perfectly fine if you want to do the same. In that case just change the Mount Point to / as above. If you want to create an additional /home partition, change the size of the new / partition from the default, to something smaller such as 30000 MB. But this is not necessary. Then you can create a third partition with mount point /home.

Once done, your disks and partitions will look like:

Now click the Install Now button to continue with the installation.

Complete the installation. Restart computer using the on screen button when prompted. Remove the USB and hit enter when prompted.

Follow the post installation instructions above in the section If you can disable or unplug the disk with Windows 10.

Hope this helps


Can you tell me what link you used, on what browser? You can try using this link, which wil download a .iso file to your hard disk, which you may open to use with the CD burner application on your system. You may try using the link http://mirror.anl.gov/pub/ubuntu-iso/CDs/12.04/ubuntu-12.04-desktop-i386.iso and then double-clicking on the file you have downloaded once it finishes. If you need help downloading, press F1 and consult your browser help. ALso, if you want the AMD64 version, I can give you a link for that.

Edit:You may try right-clicking on the file you do have and selecting Open With, and selecting the Windows Disc burning utility or something like that.


I managed to replace "Ctrl + something" with "something" itself.

That can be done simply by setting the value of GdkModifierType, which is the second from last parameter,to zero.

For instance:

gtk_widget_add_accelerator(menu_item.fullscreen, "activate", accel_group,
GDK_F11, 0, GTK_ACCEL_VISIBLE);

This will display F11 instead of Ctrl + F11.


According to the xserver-xorg-video-radeon package description for 1:7.1.0-0ubuntu2, it does not support the Cape Verde/Pitcairn chipset, which is used in the Radeon HD 7700 series cards.  I just found this out the hard way when KDE wouldn't enable OpenGL compositing.

This bug has more info: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xserver-xorg-video-ati/+bug/1209397

If you upgrade to 13.10 Saucy, it will probably work "out of the box."  If you stay with Raring, you might be able to install and/or build packages from Saucy to enable 3D support.


I was having the same issue and decided to go looking through the source code. There is a 5 second gap in the logs before a log message from ../../lib/util/become_daemon.c:135(become_ready). By searching in the source code for become_ready, I found the nmbd.c source code. Now, what might cause a delay of five seconds but a sleep() call? And, sure enough, on line 371 there is the following code:
        /* We only count IPv4, non-loopback interfaces here. */
        while (iface_count_v4_nl() == 0) {
            sleep(5);
            load_interfaces();
        }

iface_count_v4_nl returns the number of interfaces whose IP is not loopback and is IPv4. This suggests that scheduling nmbd.service to start after network-online.target should work.


Loading Gparted Live ISO from Grub 2 gives "disk not found" error

Okay, here's how I finally got this working:

menuentry 'GParted 64-bit ISO' {
  set gfxpayload=text # ~= vga='normal'
  set isofile_abspath='/boot/iso/gparted-live-0.27.0-1-amd64.iso'
  set isofile_devpath="${devroot}${isofile_abspath}"
  loopback loop "(${root})${isofile_abspath}"
  linux '(loop)/live/vmlinuz' boot='live' union='overlay' username='denis' config components noswap noeject toram='filesystem.squashfs' ip='' nosplash findiso="${isofile_abspath}"
  initrd '(loop)/live/initrd.img'
}


how to find out if my card supports infrastructure mode?

use the command:

sudo iwconfig wlan0 mode master

if it gives the following as output, it means it doesn't support infrastructure mode:

Error for wireless request "Set Mode" (8B06) :
SET failed on device wlan0 ; Invalid argument.

If it gives no output, it supports the infrastructure mode. Also, just remember to change "wlan0" to the actual name of your wireless device. You can get the name using the command ifconfig .


Wifi seems network but stops at requesting Wifi address

I know this is an old post, but I just came across the same problem. Wired connection works great, wireless hangs at 'Requesting a Wifi network Address for...'

In my case, the problem was that I had the IPv4 set for manual (I need a static IP).  Not a problem via wired LAN, but would not connect that way via WiFi.  Changing IPv4 to Automatic (DHCP) got it to connect.  Then I added "additional static address" to get the IP I needed...  I don't know if this is the best solution, it does not seem very elegant, but it got the job done.


How to run a shell script with a file argument located in the same directory at the script?

As per the question: (a) the script is in the same directory as blah.deb, and (2) the user will run the script from some unknown other directory.  In that case:

#!/bin/bash
sudo dpkg -i --someflags=abcd "${BASH_SOURCE[0]%/*}/blah.deb"

The shebang line is upgraded to bash so that we can use the BASH_SOURCE array which tells us the location of the script being executed.

Because this avoids command substitution, it should work even in the pathological case in which the directory name ends with newline characters.


Firefox sometimes unable to detect HiDPI settings in Gnome Shell

I believe this is a problem with Gnome Shell itself. It sets the DPI settings too late, or something, so Firefox (which starts on boot) is shown using a wrong scale.

Closing and re-opening didn't work, because Firefox kept running in the background. I had to killall firefox first.

Now I'm running into another problem: sometimes Gnome Shell doesn't detect the correct DPI settings AT ALL and every window (except the Gnome Shell titlebar) is shown very small...


How to List Unmounted partition of a harddisk and Mount them?

Listing Unmounted Partitions

To address the listing of the unmounted partitions part, there are several ways - lsblk, fdisk, parted, blkid.

$ lsblk
NAME                             MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda                                8:0    0 111.8G  0 disk
└─sda1                             8:1    0 111.8G  0 part /
sdb                                8:16   0 232.9G  0 disk
├─sdb1                             8:17   0   1.5G  0 part
├─sdb2                             8:18   0 138.6G  0 part /media/WINDOWS
├─sdb3                             8:19   0   8.1G  0 part
├─sdb4                             8:20   0     1K  0 part
├─sdb5                             8:21   0  68.5G  0 part
└─sdb6                             8:22   0   5.8G  0 part
loop0                              7:0    0   100G  0 loop
└─docker-8:1-1589297-pool (dm-0) 252:0    0   100G  0 dm
loop1                              7:1    0     2G  0 loop
└─docker-8:1-1589297-pool (dm-0) 252:0    0   100G  0 dm
$ sudo fdisk -l
[sudo] password for xieerqi:

Disk /dev/sda: 120.0 GB, 120034123776 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14593 cylinders, total 234441648 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000b5321

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048   234440703   117219328   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x96360d50

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1   *        2048     3074047     1536000   27  Hidden NTFS WinRE
/dev/sdb2         3074048   293617502   145271727+   7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sdb3       471437312   488396799     8479744   17  Hidden HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb4       293617662   471437311    88909825    5  Extended
/dev/sdb5       315830272   459382783    71776256   83  Linux
/dev/sdb6       459384832   471437311     6026240   82  Linux swap / Solaris

Partition table entries are not in disk order

Disk /dev/mapper/docker-8:1-1589297-pool: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/docker-8:1-1589297-pool doesn't contain a valid partition table
$ sudo parted -l
[sudo] password for xieerqi:
Model: ATA Radeon R7 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 120GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos

Number  Start   End    Size   Type     File system  Flags
 1      1049kB  120GB  120GB  primary  ext4         boot

Model: ATA TOSHIBA MK2555GS (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 250GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos

Number  Start   End     Size    Type      File system     Flags
 1      1049kB  1574MB  1573MB  primary   ntfs            boot, diag
 2      1574MB  150GB   149GB   primary   ntfs
 4      150GB   241GB   91.0GB  extended
 5      162GB   235GB   73.5GB  logical   ext4
 6      235GB   241GB   6171MB  logical   linux-swap(v1)
 3      241GB   250GB   8683MB  primary   ntfs            hidden

Model: Linux device-mapper (thin-pool) (dm)
Disk /dev/mapper/docker-8:1-1589297-pool: 107GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: loop

Number  Start  End    Size   File system  Flags
 1      0.00B  107GB  107GB  ext4

$ sudo blkid
[sudo] password for xieerqi:
/dev/sda1: UUID="86df21bf-d95f-435c-9292-273bdbcba056" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="System" UUID="F4F688B2F68876A0" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sdb2: LABEL="TI105866W0A" UUID="4EBAAE53BAAE36FD" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sdb3: LABEL="HDDRECOVERY" UUID="BC4ED40D4ED3BDF8" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sdb5: UUID="0ca7543a-5463-4a07-8bbe-233a7b0bd625" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdb6: UUID="3a6e2270-19a2-49d7-aab3-5efb92d3b3d0" TYPE="swap"
/dev/loop0: UUID="a3693b88-7899-4628-848d-d9012205cf56" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/mapper/docker-8:1-1589297-pool: UUID="a3693b88-7899-4628-848d-d9012205cf56" TYPE="ext4"
$

One could use a little bit of AWK magic to parse output of lsblk to list all the unmounted partitions :

$ lsblk  --noheadings --raw | awk '$1~/s.*[[:digit:]]/ && $7==""'
sdb1 8:17 0 1.5G 0 part
sdb3 8:19 0 8.1G 0 part
sdb4 8:20 0 1K 0 part
sdb5 8:21 0 68.5G 0 part
sdb6 8:22 0 5.8G 0 part

Or alternatively:

$ lsblk --noheadings --raw -o NAME,MOUNTPOINT | awk '$1~/[[:digit:]]/ && $2 == ""'
sdb1
sdb2
sdb3
sdb4
sdb5

What exactly is happening there is that we're listing all the

lines which have first column starting with letter s (because that's how drives typically are named) and ending with a number (which represent partitions). In my previous output you could see that I have other filesystems, such as for docker, so in the above command we're getting rid of all the unnecessary stuff.

Mounting Partitions

I've found that mount can be picky： it needs to know  exact filesystem, it needs to be run as root, etc. udisksctl mount -b /dev/sXY is a much better command, can be ran as regular user, and mounts automatically to the /media/$USER/ folder. For example,

$ udisksctl mount -b /dev/sdb5
Mounted /dev/sdb5 at /media/xieerqi/0ca7543a-5463-4a07-8bbe-233a7b0bd625.


Use the vim help:

:h key-notation

The corresponding VimDoc page is http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/intro.html#key-notation.

A partial reproduction:

notation        meaning             equivalent  decimal value(s)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
<Nul>           zero                    CTRL-@    0 (stored as 10) <Nul>
<BS>            backspace               CTRL-H    8     backspace
<Tab>           tab                     CTRL-I    9     tab Tab
                                                        linefeed
<NL>            linefeed                CTRL-J   10 (used for <Nul>)
<FF>            formfeed                CTRL-L   12     formfeed
<CR>            carriage return         CTRL-M   13     carriage-return
<Return>        same as <CR>                            <Return>
<Enter>         same as <CR>                            <Enter>
<Esc>           escape                  CTRL-[   27     escape <Esc>
<Space>         space                            32     space
<lt>            less-than               <        60     <lt>
<Bslash>        backslash               \        92     backslash <Bslash>
<Bar>           vertical bar            |       124     <Bar>
<Del>           delete                          127
<CSI>           command sequence intro  ALT-Esc 155     <CSI>
<xCSI>          CSI when typed in the GUI               <xCSI>

<EOL>           end-of-line (can be <CR>, <LF> or <CR><LF>,
                depends on system and 'fileformat')     <EOL>

<Up>            cursor-up                       cursor-up cursor_up
<Down>          cursor-down                     cursor-down cursor_down
<Left>          cursor-left                     cursor-left cursor_left
<Right>         cursor-right                    cursor-right cursor_right
<S-Up>          shift-cursor-up
<S-Down>        shift-cursor-down
<S-Left>        shift-cursor-left
<S-Right>       shift-cursor-right
<C-Left>        control-cursor-left
<C-Right>       control-cursor-right
<F1> - <F12>    function keys 1 to 12           function_key function-key
<S-F1> - <S-F12> shift-function keys 1 to 12    <S-F1>
<Help>          help key
<Undo>          undo key
<Insert>        insert key
<Home>          home                            home
<End>           end                             end
<PageUp>        page-up                         page_up page-up
<PageDown>      page-down                       page_down page-down
<kHome>         keypad home (upper left)        keypad-home
<kEnd>          keypad end (lower left)         keypad-end
<kPageUp>       keypad page-up (upper right)    keypad-page-up
<kPageDown>     keypad page-down (lower right)  keypad-page-down
<kPlus>         keypad +                        keypad-plus
<kMinus>        keypad -                        keypad-minus
<kMultiply>     keypad *                        keypad-multiply
<kDivide>       keypad /                        keypad-divide
<kEnter>        keypad Enter                    keypad-enter
<kPoint>        keypad Decimal point            keypad-point
<k0> - <k9>     keypad 0 to 9                   keypad-0 keypad-9
<S-...>         shift-key                       shift <S-
<C-...>         control-key                     control ctrl <C-
<M-...>         alt-key or meta-key             meta alt <M-
<A-...>         same as <M-...>                 <A-
<D-...>         command-key (Macintosh only)    <D-
<t_xx>          key with "xx" entry in termcap


I'm not sure if anyone else is still having this issue but I sure was. the solution is INCREDIBLY SIMPLE.

I run xfce4 on Arch Linux with the "dusk theme". I was getting this error for a gtk.css file on line 72.

By grepping the output of "find", I found the file in /usr/share/themes/Xfce-dusk/gtk-3.0/gtk.css.

On Line 72 I changed it from,

"text-shadow: 1 1 white;"

to

"text-shadow: 1px 1px white;"

Voila! No more annoying error messages!


Activate 3 monitors with GeForce GT610 and Ubuntu 14.04

It is not clear whether you want to activate three monitors on the NVidia or do you want to use one monitor connected to the onboard graphics adapter.

I have three monitors on GeForce 210. Two are connected to the NVidia and the third to onboard adapter. I was not able to set it up with NVidia drivers, but I did not spend to much time trying. I tried it with nouveau driver (http://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/) which is the default NVidia driver in Ubuntu. I had not problems setting it up with nouveau.

NVidia driver works faster and better but I chose a tradeoff to be able to use three monitors.


Panel on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS - some very newb questions regarding customising or turning off

Is there a way to make it stop giving a running commentary on whichever browser tab I have active?

Yes: Go to System Settings -> Appearance -> Behaviour and choose Menus Visibility -> Always displayed. Then, the menu will be displayed instead of the title.

  Is there a way to hide this menu bar?

No, not in Unity

  If I could add the icons on the top right (circled in green in my screengrab) to the taskbar thing that would be ideal.

If you mean the Launcher, no, this is not possible.

  Is there an alternative desktop were this isn't an issue?

It's interesting that what is an issue for you is the one thing that keeps me from using any other desktop. Yes, almost any other Desktop does not have the title bar/menu integrated, e.g. KDE or Gnome. In the comments Gnome Classic was named.


How to find all files containing only hex zeroes

You could try something like
find path/to/startdir/ -type f ! -empty -exec grep -zvL '^$' {} +

or (perhaps better, since it performs a non-empty string match)
find . -type f ! -empty -exec grep -zvFxL '' {} +

This matches (after excluding empty files) files that have at least one non-empty null-delimited sequence - if a file consists of nothing but null bytes, then every null-delimited "line" will be empty.


How to toggle NetworkManager's "Use this connection only for resources on its network" option via command line

You can use nmcli to do it, the key is ipv4.never-default:

nmcli connection modify enp3s0 ipv4.never-default true

change enp3s0 with your own connection name.
use false or true to toggle between this config.


grub saved default not working in bionic

You problem sounds like this one: GRUB 2 “stuck” on particular boot option

The solution in answers:

  In this case the next_entry field didn't get cleared after a reboot
  like it should have (perhaps due to some btrfs incompatibility?)

  I was successfully able to unset it like this (again, within the
  chroot):

grub2-editenv /boot/grub2/grubenv unset next_entry

  After a reboot the grub menu was back to normal!


Is there a ppa or repository where we can update LibreOffice to version 3.6?

So , I let you decide which version you want to use and of course its all up to you.

Use it at you own risk.

Here is the PPA => LibreOffice - Pre-Releases for Alpha - Beta versions of Libreoffice.

The description from PPA

  This ppa contains alpha and beta release (before the 3.X.0 release).
  Only for the most brave and courageous!

The installation instructions from PPA

  to test these do:

sudo apt-get purge libreoffice-core
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/libreoffice-prereleases
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libreoffice

The installation instructions from Webupd8.com

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/libreoffice-prereleases
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get install libreoffice-gtk3

Here is another PPA => LibreOffice Packaging Team

The description of PPA

  LibreOffice test builds and backports

  There is a PPA dedicated for the 3.5 series which supports
  Lucid/10.04, Oneiric/11.10 and Precise/12.04 for a more stable
  experience!
  https://launchpad.net/~libreoffice/+archive/libreoffice-3-5

  Most of the packages in this PPA have only experienced minor testing
  -- in fact it is the place to enable a wider audience to test packages before they are published into the distro proper. In general, this PPA
  is not for the average user to install without a closer look (if it
  would be, its packages would be in the main repositories).

  In general, users are advised to take a look at the changelog for the
  details about a package. If there is a specific bug that is intended
  to be addressed by an update released into the PPA, you are encouraged
  to test, if the update solves that problem. Packages published after
  the distro release are mostly such specific fixes. Critical fixes will
  SRUed into the main repositories after testing anyway (later, with
  more testing).

Installation instructions not included , but I assume are same as above.

Last but not least , the warning from Launchpad (this is general , for most (if not all) PPAs)

  You can update your system with unsupported packages from this
  untrusted PPA by adding ppa:libreoffice/ppa to your system's Software
  Sources


This has nothing to do with Linux file system permissions, but is just a syntactical mistake in your code.

Look at the last line:

document.save=(source_path+name+'/correspondence/initial.docx')

This makes the interpreter try to assign the string produced by source_path+name+'/correspondence/initial.docx' to the object variable save of the document object.

That is forbidden, because document.save is protected against overwriting it, which would make no sense by the way.

What you want instead is to call the function with the string as argument!
To do this, you just need to remove the = symbol:

document.save(source_path+name+'/correspondence/initial.docx')

More documentation for docx.Document.save can be found here.


How to remove Thunderbird badges on Ubuntu 17.10 Gnome shell dock

Turn off "Show in the messaging menu" in Thunderbird prefs.


CMake Error: CMake can not determine linker language for target

It looks like cmake is complaining it can't find your source file.
Looking at this bit of the directions, are you sure you put your .cc file into the src directory and named it exactly light_sensor_plugin.cpp?
If you could, can you run tree on the source directory so we can see where all your files are?


First add the following lines to the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/php5-ppa.list file using your favourite editor.

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/nginx/php5/ubuntu maverick main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/nginx/php5/ubuntu maverick main

Then run the following command to add a key for the newly added repositories:

sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 00A6F0A3C300EE8C

After that you can update Ubuntu's software and upgrade PHP:

aptitude update
aptitude full-upgrade


It appears that Twinkle has been packaged incorrectly in *buntu 14.04 so I tried a different softphone. I tried Yate and it seems to be working well with diamondcard.


Uninstalling R and some packages (CRAN, devtools, and GitHub)

In your procedure above you installed the shiny, devtools, and shinyjs packages for R from the CRAN repository. To remove them:

sudo su - -c "R -e \"remove.packages(c('devtools', 'shiny', 'shinyjs'))\""

Note that RStudio requires R be installed on your system, so if you want to use the RStudio IDE then you likely don't want to uninstall r-base.

However, if you do want to remove R, along with the additional apt packages you added, and also remove the repository & key:

sudo apt-get purge r-base libcurl4-gnutls-dev libxml2-dev libssl-dev
sudo apt-key del E084DAB9

* Note that in general, you do not need to use sudo to install R packages. So if you decide to reinstall R in the future, you you can simply run install.packages('packageName') from your R session.


Suspend not working on Ubuntu 16.04 for Dell 3537

19th July update: It seems like this bug was fixed upstream using kernel version 4.4.0-28-generic. I since migrated to ArchLinux, so this still needs to be tested, but there are people saying that it works with this kernel version on the launchpad bug.

Original post:
It's seems that it is a 4.4.0 kernel bug, installing 4.4.8 solves the problem.
You can either wait for a 4.4.0 kernel fix, or install the 4.4.8 kernel.

I recommand waiting for 4.4.0 fix, but i installed 4.4.8 and i've seen no problem whatsoever.

Execute following commands in order to install 4.4.8 kernel:

On 32-bit

Download

cd /tmp
$ wget \
kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.4.8-wily/linux-headers-4.4.8-040408_4.4.8-040408.201604200335_all.deb \
kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.4.8-wily/linux-headers-4.4.8-040408-generic_4.4.8-040408.201604200335_i386.deb \
kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.4.8-wily/linux-image-4.4.8-040408-generic_4.4.8-040408.201604200335_i386.deb

Install

sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-4.4*.deb linux-image-4.4*.deb

On 64-bit

cd /tmp
wget \
kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.4.8-wily/linux-headers-4.4.8-040408_4.4.8-040408.201604200335_all.deb \
kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.4.8-wily/linux-headers-4.4.8-040408-generic_4.4.8-040408.201604200335_amd64.deb \
kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.4.8-wily/linux-image-4.4.8-040408-generic_4.4.8-040408.201604200335_amd64.deb

Install

sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-4.4*.deb linux-image-4.4*.deb

Source : https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1574125

I'll accept this answer in a few days if no better option shows up.


Is there a way to keep my programs if I change the distro?

You don't have to reinstall to switch to Mate.

Simply do a

sudo apt install ubuntu-mate-desktop

This will install the Ubuntu Mate Desktop to your computer.

If you want to remove some packages that is needed by kubuntu-desktop, but not ubuntu-mate-desktop the following commands will take care of that:

apt-cache depends kubuntu-desktop | grep -E "(Depends|Recomends)"  | cut -d ':' -f 2 | xargs sudo apt-mark auto

This sets all packages recomended by kubuntu-desktop to automatically installed, and thus harvestable by apt autoremove.

Next, set all packages needed for ubuntu-mate-desktop as manually installed, and run the uninstall:

apt-cache depends ubuntu-mate-desktop | grep -E "(Depends|Recomends)"  | cut -d ':' -f 2 | xargs sudo apt-mark manual
sudo apt remove kubuntu-desktop
sudo apt autoremove

I have tested this, and it appears to have no ill effects. It doesn't uninstall that much since everything installed by the installer is marked as manually installed, but it removes some, and at least removes some manual flags.

The over all extra disk use from installing mate was pretty exactly 1GiB on a stock 18.04.2 install. If this is acceptable to you, you may keep both environments.


Change parameters for default gnome-screenshot call (shortcut)?

Go to "Activities" and type in key
Select "Keyboard shortcuts"

Click on the entry you'd like to change and provide it with a new keyboard shortcut....
If you want another action to be taken when pressing the "PrintSc" button got to the bottom of that List and press the "+" button:


How do I make the top panel transparent in Unity?

Given that you have said you have been changing settings in CCSM but they don't appear to have taken effect (and you have actually run the accepted answer in this AU question), my immediate thoughts are to check that you are indeed running the Unity 3d interface.

Whilst logging into the Ubuntu session, you are not given an immediate "You are using fallback mode" or a similar message.

Note - when using Gnome-Shell but you are unable to actually run this interface you "fallback" to the Gnome-Classic interface.  You are warned that this is happening by a pop-up message.

For the Unity interface, there is a silent "fallback" to Unity 2D (i.e. no pop-up message).  See the linked question below as to how to determine if you are using Unity 3D or Unity 2D.

As to why you possibly are using Unity2D without knowing it - this is likely to be due to your graphics card and/or drivers - I've linked to a question below how you can determine if you have Unity 3D support.

Linked Question:

Am I using Unity or Unity 2D?
How do I tell if Ubuntu supports hardware-accelerated graphics on my laptop?


How to add a custom program to "Open With" list of programs in Xubuntu 13.04? How to associate a file with a program to open it with?

Read this answer: How to associate file types with Wine in Nautilus.

You must create/edit a .desktop file located in ~/.local/share/applications/ or /usr/share/applications/

Locate the Exec= parameter and at the end of the line add %U - it will be replaced with the filename to be opened.

Also see Associating file types in Ubuntu 13.10.


My computer stops seeing the other computers on my network

OK I found the answer:

sudo service avahi-daemon restart


Examine the following folder /etc/modprobe.d

If there is a file in there called something like intel-5300-iwlagn-disable11n.conf or intel-5100-iwlagn-disable11n.conf then edit the file

i.e.

sudo nano [filename.conf]

edit the line that says

options iwlagn 11n_disable=1

to

options iwlagn 11n_disable=0

Save and reboot.

source


Benefits of using Squid proxy in Ubuntu Server

You can use Squid for caching. This means the contents of site A are saved locally at your Squid. When a second user requests site A Squid will deliver the content. So the user has it somewhat faster.
You can control the traffic for malicious content and if found, remove it.
You can restrict the access to certain websites.
Of course there are some „bad“ things Squid allows you to do (Control your users, record which sites they visit etc.).


Changing current directory to directory that have identifier as the substring

Sadly with bash you can't. The nearest thing that you can do is, if the identifier is at the start of the filename, press Tab so Bash autocomplete. Sadly, this won't work if the identifier is at the middle or end of the filename in which case I would recommend using zsh instead which allows this.

The cd ls | grep identifier didn't worked for two reasons, first, you were trying to change to a directory called ls and then pipe the stdout (which is empty) to grep looking for "identifier". This would be fixed if you used a subshell instead as clement suggested cd $(ls | grep identifier). But this has other problem, ls output is in columns and grep works by lines. So if I for example try to grep "sites" in the folowing output:

➜ ls
autoreviewcomments.user.js  build.sh     build.xml  README.md  src
build.properties            build.sites  dist       SDK
➜ ls | grep sites
build.properties            build.sites  dist       SDK

or in some cases the color will be in the way of cd, so you must specify "no coloring":

cd $(ls | grep --no-color sites)


How to install Sierra Wireless Ubuntu 16.04 Dell Latitude

so this post https://andidittrich.de/2015/12/ubuntu-15-10-with-dell-wireless-5570-hspa-42mbps-mobile-broadband-card.html talks you through a solution

1) apt-get install libqmi-utils

2) gksudo gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/99-dell5570.rules

.... that assumes gedit is installed as a text editor; you will be creating a new file and you paste all the text in the above post that they recommend into your new file

3) but you must change the ID of the example; to yours;

so where it says ATTR{idProduct}=="81a3"

then you must change each example to ATTR{idProduct}=="81b6" ..cos that is yours ..

; SAVE; CLOSE; REBOOT ........... any joy?


update-java-alternatives jinfo file does not exist

Workaround that fix the problem above

sudo update-java-alternatives -s java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64


How do I restore my Gnome theme defaults (after setting KDE theme)?

After I deleted the theme folders in ~/.local/share/plasma/desktoptheme/, I got my Gnome themes behave correctly.


Enabling the LZO compression in the advanced settings of the VPN connection solved the problem for me. (Hope this helps someone out.)


Launchers in the dock of Ubuntu MATE using the Mutiny appearance configuration vanish on reboot. How can this be addressed?

Move .desktop launcher files to the directory ~/.local/share/applications. It should now be possible to search for the launchers and drag them to the dock and they should be retained in the dock following a reboot.


IMO you are best off using one of two options. First would be some sort of virtualization, for example lxc , openvz, or KVM. This option gives the most separation.

Your second, and perhaps better option, is to use a feature called "home directories".

sudo a2enmod userdir

Restart apache2 daemon with following command

sudo service apache2 restart

Ceate folder “public_html” in the home directories, then set permission public_html folder to 0755

mkdir ~/public_html && chmod 0755 ~/public_html

Configure your vitrual hosts to use /home/user_name/public_html as the web root.

See:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ApacheMySQLPHP#Virtual_Hosts

http://kimbriggs.com/computers/computer-notes/linux-notes/apache2-public_html-virtual-directories.file

http://joao.machado-family.com/2013/06/04/ubuntu-13-04-apache2-setup-public_html/


How to switch between headphones and speakers without unplugging headphones

To make it possible to switch between speakers and headphones, follow these steps:

Run alsamixer.
If necessary, select your sound card with F6.
Navigate to “Auto-Mute” with the right arrow →.
Disable it with the down arrow ↓.
Press Esc to exit.

Or you can do all these steps with one command:

Open terminal
run amixer -c 1 set 'Auto-Mute Mode' Disabled

Now you can change between speakers and headphones in the PulseAudio Volume Control.

After applying these instructions you can make your life easier by using Sound Switcher Indicator to quickly switch between headphones and speakers.


Answered when Ben posted to upstart-devel mailing list:

https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/upstart-devel/2014-May/003225.html


The easy solution to your problem would be to install back NetworkManager.

But how do you install it back if you do not have Internet access?

It is possible to manually connect to the Internet using an Ethernet cable (technically it is far easier than a wireless connection).

Therefore,

connect the computer with an Ethernet cable to the router,
open a terminal window ('gnome-terminal') and run dhclient eth0 (you should get Internet access now)
and finally start the Software Center and install network-manager-gnome.


Mount and share USB disk on Ubuntu Server 10.04

Can you please post the output of:

mount /dev/sdXY /mnt

Where sdXY is the device you are trying to mount.

If you dont know what is the device you want to mount, connect it to the USB port, wait 5 seconds e type the command

dmesg

You will see the new attached USB device (Example: sdb1)

Regards,


How can I open thunderbird in the system tray with a command

Here is what I've done.  I've added the Minimize On Start and Close add-on in my Thunderbird:

Start Thunderbird
Click on the Tools Menu
Click on addons
Click Get addons
Enter Minimize
Look for Minimize On Start and Close 1.3.2
Download and restart Thunderbird

Once that's done, just add Thunderbird to startup applications, and you're set.


How do I install kernel 2.6.35 in 10.04?

The ubuntu kernel team provides mainline kernels in a ppa.

You can see a complete list of versions available. The latest for Lucid appears to be 2.6.35-rc1-lucid. That link goes to a directory where you can download deb files. Install them to install the kernel.


apt-get update error after dpkg --add-architecture i386

It was not even supposed to work. ports.ubuntu.com does not contain i386 packages. You have to manually edit /etc/apt/sources.conf and add proper package mirror there.


Why is mount.cifs not working in fstab any more after upgrading from 16.04 to 18.04?

What worked for me was adding vers=1.0 to the options in fstab in combination with changing the option for password from passwd to password:

//192.168.111.112/RAID /home/moi/share/OMV cifs  vers=1.0,noauto,users,username=USERNAME,password=PASSWORD

This helped to find an error-log:

tail -f  /var/log/kern.log

I would appreciate any further input.

EDIT: Sept 2019

Today I realized that users is no longer a valid argument of the mount cifs command. Also, vers=1.0 should be the default, according to man mount.cifs.


No sound with laptop speakers while have sound with headphone

Firstly, it would recommend using 14.04 LTS version of Ubuntu instead of 15.10. I tried 15.10, and it had so many bugs in my experience whereas with 14.04 I experience no issues at all. Ubuntu website also states that 14.04 is "Recommended for most users" currently.

With 15.10 you can solve this problem by installing PulseAudio Volume Control from Ubuntu Software Center. It has a lot of options to choose from, so you can fix this problem and do a lot more good stuff with it.

In application's "Output Devices" tab you can choose a suitable port (usually it will be a choice between headphones and speakers).

If you have more output devices (sound cards), then you can choose default one by pressing green button (device which is not selected will be default, not the opposite).

You can also choose settings per specific application, 1) play music with chosen application 2) and go to "Playback" tab where you can select suitable device for that application and its settings.

Additional option is to choose suitable profile in "Configuration" tab.


How can I find out the file causing complaints during boot time? (persistent live stick)

Full Install vs Persistent install
Ubuntu can be installed to a USB in different ways. A Live install does not save between sessions. A Persistent install extracts the OS from a compressed file and saves data to an overlay file or partition each session, and a Full install installs the complete OS to the USB just like an install to internal disk.
Comparison between Persistent and Full install USB
Advantages of a persistent install:

You can use the persistent pendrive to install Ubuntu to another computer.

A persistent install takes up less space on the pendrive.

You can reset the pendrive by overwriting the old casper-rw file with a new one.

The install to pendrive takes less time.

Slightly less wear on the drive.

Advantages of a Full install:

You can update and upgrade.

If you have problems or wish to modify, the solution is the same as with an internal install, (You can ask for help in the forums).

No ugly startup / install screen.

Better security, you can use full encryption

You can use proprietary drivers.

Swapfiles and partitions work and Hibernation can be enabled.

Many persistent installs are limited to a 4GB casper-rw and a 4GB home-rw persistence file, to get more persistence requires persistence partitions. Once casper-rw is full, the drive will not boot.

More efficient usage of disk space. Does not require reserved space for persistence.

Faster boot, no automatic disk checking or Try Ubuntu/Install Ubuntu screen.

You can run VBox and use virtual machines.

Generally faster boot than Live or Persistent USB's.

More stable, better for day to day use. I have run Ubuntu off a flash drive for 5 years making only LTS upgrades.

Note that once booted, both methods run at about the same speed. If the computer has lots of RAM Ubuntu should run mainly in RAM and there will not be a big difference between running off internal HDD and USB3 flash drive f.
Full Install Method
A method for creating a Full install USB from scratch can be found here: How to Create a Full Install of Ubuntu 20.04 to USB Device Step by Step


How to remove Windows 7 if I have installed with Wubi?

I'd recommend (do it at your own risk) to take time and a make fresh install after wiping every possible partition from your HDD. Then you can configure your buntu exactly as you wish, without workarounds etc. Or just let buntu do it for you.


No. You could only use your home IP if you had setup a proxy or VPN on your home PC, other than that a public VPN/Proxy will let you use A US IP.


Apt does not "want" to remove those packages, it is just letting you know that those packages were installed as dependencies of another package that is no longer installed, and so it is possible that you no longer need them either.

If you do need them, you can just do sudo apt install packagename to tell Apt that you really need a particular package; then it will no longer suggest that you uninstall that package or its dependencies.


Stuck when trying to install Ubuntu alongside windows

Select the nomodeset option in the bottom right corner of the menu screen then try installing Ubuntu again (in the case of GUI installer)

However if  grub like installer, highlight "install Ubuntu" and press TAB but don't press enter just yet add nomodeset right after where it says splash then resume the installation.


Download of the Android Studio stops in Ubuntu 14.04 with in a few seconds.

Please try to execute this commands in the command lines

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:paolorotolo/android-studio
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install android-studio

After that you would able to run Android Studio and manage android-sdk

Hope it help


help to determine right path for site directory apache2

Since you tell us that you've made a virtualhost and the domain links to it this means there's not much wrong. Assuming you've only one domain your virtualhost is supposed to look like this:

    ServerName www.test.com
    ServerAlias test.com
    DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/test.com"


Unable to dual boot Ubuntu and Windows 8 (boot-repair corrupts the installation)

Your sda8 looks like a left over encrypted swap from your previous install. You should not need EasyBCD with UEFI as each system installs its boot files into the efi partition as a separate folder and you can boot every install directly from UEFI if necessary.

If you run Boot-Repair more than once it renames the Windows boot file. Some systems have (incorrectly) modified UEFI to only boot bootmfgw.efi or only boot Windows. The work around is to back up the Windows file and rename shim to have that name as shim has the Microsoft signing key. But you only need the rename if you can only boot Windows from UEFI menu.

If you can (or after other fixes can) boot Ubuntu, you can run unrename the Windows file.
Boot-Repair - Updated Jan 1, 2013 to not rename first time, but rename if first time Windows does not boot. Post 706 and 711

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1769482&page=71
 Boot-Repair copied /EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi to /EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi (in case the BIOS is hard-coded to boot into /EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi or secure boot signed GRUB file shimx64.efi.

To undo & to rename files to their original names, you just need to tick the "Restore EFI backups" option of Boot-Repair.
A user disabled secure boot, and unchecked it in boot-repair. It now bypasses Grub and goes straight in to Windows as UEFI default.

You do show grub installed and if you boot ubuntu entry from UEFI menu with secure boot off, does it boot? You may get grub menu, but also need boot parameters if you have video issues. If you can only boot with secure boot on, then you need to use Boot-Repair to add the secure boot versions of the kernel which you have not installed.

Grub2 has a bug in os-prober and does not create correct chain load entries. It creates the old BIOS entries that will not work with UEFI. Boot-Repair normally adds a 25_custom with correct entries, but did not (yet?) create those for you. You can manually add entries to 40_custom as per bug report.

grub2's os-prober creates wrong style (BIOS) chain boot entry

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/1024383

type of entry from Boot-Repair that should work.
menuentry "Windows UEFI bkpbootmgfw.efi" {
menuentry "Windows Boot UEFI loader" {

Type of entry that does not work:
'Windows ...) (on /dev/sdXY)'


Solution

rsync -r -e "ssh -i /home/kong/.ssh/id_rsantu" --exclude=dataset/ e130167@35.123.456.78:~/sgan-original/ ./sgan-original/

as posted here https://superuser.com/questions/1379574/rsync-unexpected-remote-arg/1379576#1379576


Ubuntu 15.10 vboxautostart-service stop does not work

Looks like I'm having the same problem on debian jessie with systemd and virtualbox 5.0.10 packaged from Oracle.

After lot of debugging there seams to be something related to the way the start-stop-daemon is called in the stop() function in /usr/lib/virtualbox/vboxautostart-service.sh (around line 236) which does not triggers for the start() function in the same way

What I came up with is an horrible hack but really would like someone more systemd friendly to dig into this issue.

I replaced in /usr/lib/virtualbox/vboxautostart-service.sh :

for user in `ls $VBOXAUTOSTART_DB/*.stop`
do
    start_daemon `basename $user | sed -ne "s/\(.*\).stop/\1/p"` $binary $PARAMS > /dev/null 2>&1
done

with :

for user in `ls $VBOXAUTOSTART_DB/*.stop`
do
    su - `basename $user | sed -ne "s/\(.*\).stop/\1/p"` -c "$binary $PARAMS" > /dev/null 2>&1
done


Problems runnung VirtualBox in Ubuntu 12.10

I gave up trying to get Virtualbox to work so I installed VMware. However after installing and running apt-get update and apt-get upgrade, VMware didn’t work :(
But when I opened Virtualbox again, it did! So it worked out the fix for Virtualbox was to install VMware. It must have installed a dependency I needed. At least it works now!


Ubuntu - Auto Pilot Open stack Deployment Guide

Here is the official guide.  If you have issues, please post a new question here with specifically what went wrong.

Build OpenStack with conjure-up | Download | Ubuntu


How do I burn Lubuntu 18.04.1 to a LiveDVD in macOS High Sierra 10.13.6?

Select the Ubuntu ISO.

The easiest way to burn an Ubuntu ISO on a DVD is by right-clicking on the file in Finder.

Right-click on the Ubuntu .iso file.
Select the Burn Disk Image option.

Insert a blank DVD.

Click the Burn button in the lower right corner of the Burn Disc window.

Burn and verify the DVD.

The data will be burned and verified.

Source: How to burn a DVD on macOS | Ubuntu tutorials


There's the wonderful Amahi - the latest release is based on Ubuntu 12.04, rather than Fedora as before, and offers plenty! If you've got a spare pc give it a try. It can do all the stuff you'd want from a mediaserver.


How to run an executable from any directory in terminal by setting path?

The most elegant way to be able to run your command in the terminal from any working directory is to have it in your ~/bin or ~/local/bin folder, or in /usr/local/bin if all users need access to the command.
~/bin or ~/local/bin do not exist by default. You need to create either of these folders yourself. On Ubuntu, if they exist, they automatically will be included in your PATH next time you open the terminal.
The executable you place in either of these folders can be of a different nature:

It could be the binary itself, moved there.
It could be a symbolic link to the actual binary

These options are only possible if the executable does not require to be in a specific folder structure (e.g. have specific folders underneath, etc.)

It could be a wrapper script that calls the executable. That also gives the flexibility to change the working environment and working directory when launched.

I am aware that this is not the way you were considering to solve this. However, I provide this alternative solution because it is more standard and scalable. In your approach, you would need to add yet other folders to the PATH if in the future, you have other custom executables. The PATH eventually could become so large that launching applications is somewhat slowed down, when the system has to cross many paths to find your executable.


Not sure if this is still an issue for you but thought I would answer your question anyway. You need to enable Linux Guest support first, I ran into the same issue recently.
Go to -
Processor type and features -> Linux guest support
Enable that and you will then be able to select the Microsoft Hyper-V options.
Note: If you do enable the option it defaults to enabling the paravirtualization code so go into Linux guest support and disable it.

Hopefully that fixes things for you.


How can I add a desktop/GUI to a command-line Ubuntu installation?

If you want a fully-functional desktop environment, there are lightweight ones available. Here are some, in approximate order of increasing resource consumption:

LXDE (install lubuntu-desktop)
Xfce (install xubuntu-desktop)
GNOME Fallback (a.k.a. "GNOME Classic") (install gnome-session-fallback)
Unity 2D (install ubuntu-desktop and pick Ubuntu 2D as your session type)

If you want to go lighter-weight than any of that, you can manually install the xorg package, and a lightweight window manager like openbox or fluxbox (source).


It appears to be a bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/network-manager-applet/+bug/1542733

The workaround is to use a terminal like

nmcli c up id "SSID"

where you replace SSID by the name of your hidden Wifi.


Can not download VLC using Ubuntu Sofware Center

One possible solution is opening Terminal and using the command

sudo apt-get install vlc

If that fails, update your question with the exact wording of any error message you receive.  Also useful would be your particular version of linux (we could be looking at an issue with the repositories.  For example, if you are using an older version you would need to update yours with the archived ones...or upgrade to a supported version of linux.  This 'expiration' of given repositories happens fairly quickly.  I once had one expire on me in the middle of an apt-get command....that was a bit messy but recoverable.).


How to dual boot with win 10 on Motherboard with UEFI

It looks like your machine have UEFI. Ok, if your machine have UEFI configuration, first make sure to use Rufus(UEFI compatible) to make a bootable USB stick (if you are using usb to install it) and select the GPT partition scheme.
Please have a look at this link (https://www.tecmint.com/install-ubuntu-16-04-alongside-with-windows-10-or-8-in-dual-boot/), they have got valuable info and provided details procedure (more or less the procedure is almost same).

If after installing Ubuntu, you boot directly in Windows, check in UEFI settings for changing the boot order. If you see no option to set the boot to Ubuntu, you need to fix it from within Windows. When you are in Windows desktop, hover the mouse in left corner, right click and select administrator’s command prompt. Then run the following command:
(  bcdedit /set "{bootmgr}" path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi  )

This should make the Grub default and hence you can access both Ubuntu and Windows from it.

Note: In the grub menu, if you can't find the Windows 10 boot, loader then select the advanced option (which is just below Ubuntu option in Grub menu) and press "Enter" and then run Ubuntu in recovery mode. Then there you will find a menu and select the update grub option. It will find the Win 10 boot loader.
Hope this will work for you. Thanks!


Where does Ubuntu store Desktop Environment options

Ubuntu use lightdm as login manager, which in turn use unity-greeter to setup/format the login screen.

unity-greeter check the following directory for available WM

/usr/share/xsessions

unity-greeter check the following directory for list of user(other than guest) and last WM used

/var/lib/AccountsService/users

The logs of lightdm and unity-greeter are in

/var/log/lightdm

I will suggest you research systemd and dbus service.


VirtualBox apt source.list sources.list.d. What is the difference?

When you run in terminal:
echo 'deb [arch=amd64] https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian' $(lsb_release -sc) contrib | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list

It will write the output of echo 'deb [arch=amd64] https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian $(lsb_release -sc) contrib'  to a file named /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list
It's working the same as adding:
deb [arch=amd64] https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian <mydist>
contrib

to /etc/sources.list
The diferrens is that the files is located in different places. One to
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list and another to /etc/sources.list
The contents of /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list are:
deb [arch=amd64] https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian $(lsb_release -sc) contrib

and the contents of /etc/sources.list are:
deb [arch=amd64] https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian <mydist> contrib

NOTE: replace <mydist> with the output of lsb_release -sc command
$(lsb_release -sc)  = <mydist>


Physical id 0 is your CPU

Core0 is your first individual core

Core1 is your second individual core


Cannot configure network on ubuntu server

Ethernet Interfaces

Ethernet interfaces are identified by the system using the naming convention of ethX, where X represents a numeric value. The first Ethernet interface is typically identified as eth0, the second as eth1, and all others should move up in numerical order.

Identify Ethernet Interfaces

An application that can help identify all network interfaces available to your system is the lshw command. In the example below, lshw shows a single Ethernet interface with the logical name of eth0 along with bus information, driver details and all supported capabilities.

sudo lshw -class network
  *-network
       description: Ethernet interface
       product: BCM4401-B0 100Base-TX
       vendor: Broadcom Corporation
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0
       logical name: eth0
       version: 02
       serial: 00:15:c5:4a:16:5a
       size: 10MB/s
       capacity: 100MB/s
       width: 32 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: (snipped for brevity)
       configuration: (snipped for brevity)
       resources: irq:17 memory:ef9fe000-ef9fffff

Dynamic IP Address Assignment (DHCP Client)

To configure your server to use DHCP for dynamic address assignment, add the dhcp method to the inet address family statement for the appropriate interface in the file /etc/network/interfaces. The example below assumes you are configuring your first Ethernet interface identified as eth0.

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

By adding an interface configuration as shown above, you can manually enable the interface through the ifup command which initiates the DHCP process via dhclient.

sudo ifup eth0

To manually disable the interface, you can use the ifdown command, which in turn will initiate the DHCP release process and shut down the interface.

sudo ifdown eth0

Static IP Address Assignment

To configure your system to use a static IP address assignment, add the static method to the inet address family statement for the appropriate interface in the file /etc/network/interfaces. The example below assumes you are configuring your first Ethernet interface identified as eth0. Change the address, netmask, and gateway values to meet the requirements of your network.

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 10.0.0.100
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 10.0.0.1

After all this, please restart your networking service,

sudo service networking restart
For more information: Ubuntu Server Guide


I personally haven't used UnetBootin, I use http://www.pendrivelinux.com/ to make bootable live USBs and it works well for me. You can use YUMI or UUI with your .iso file and try that.

Also try to go in to Boot Options instead of BIOS setup to find your USB manually.


Type in sudo su rootin your terminal window. It will prompt you for your login password. That is, type in youur regular password. Once you have done that you will see root@ubuntu:/home/avinish# instead of avinish@ubuntu:~

Now typepasswd and hit the enter key.

It will prompt you to enter new unix password. Give in watever password you want for the root user.

Note: you wont be able to see anything while entering your password.


This is a known issue. Previous versions of Ubuntu included a firefox-kde-support package that allowed Firefox to use KDE's file dialogs, open-with settings, etc.. But the maintainer quit, and the package was removed from Ubuntu 12.04. It falls back to Firefox's built-in application chooser, which is useless garbage.

See also: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=140751


UEFI Boot Loading Problems... can't load Windows 8 OR Ubuntu!

I got the same problems trying a triple boot W8/Ubuntu12.10/Mageia2
Eventually  I managed setting this triple boot.
Some remarks:

Are you sure that your Ubuntu version is EFI compatible ? It should be (for W8)
Is your Bios order correct ? Did you stop the secure boot unsupported by Ubuntu 12.10 64bit?
You should use the W8 partition /boot/efi (partition sda2 created by W8) to store Ubuntu Grub2 ;don't create a new partition for it.
Are you sure that W8 was installed on 1 partition ? Mine was installed on 6 partitions (netbook SAMSUNG 350V5C-S06FR)

If you want to install Ubuntu in EFI/GPT mode , have a look at my wiki  http://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/multiboot%20ubuntu12%20windows8
You will be able to install EFI and non EFI OS on the same disk.
   Jackfb


You can't "install" ubuntu on windows 10 because ubuntu is an operating system like windows.  If you want to try to run Ubuntu in windows 10 you can download virtualbox for windows 10 (it's a little buggy right now).  Then, once it's installed checkout this article on installing ubuntu from virtualbox.


Ubuntu 20.04 LTS overheating after upgrading from Ubuntu 19

Under volting helps a lot when there is over heating (and by lot I mean A LOT). To be on a safer side, manufacturers supply higher voltage than required to the CPU (which causes heating), as at very lower voltages CPU doesn't work properly under stress. Under volting is completely safe. It will not void your warranty whatsoever. Under volting is basically removing the excess voltage supplied and giving the minimum voltage required to run the CPU smoothly.
Try intel-undervolt from here on GitHub.
Here is an article on CPU undervolting in Linux which I followed
Some terms in the guide might be deprecated. Refer to the first link for the deprecated terms.
Here is a step by step procedure with the non deprecated terms

install git with sudo apt install git
run git clone https://github.com/kitsunyan/intel-undervolt
sudo su and then enter password
run ./configure --enable-systemd --enable-openrc && make && make install
close the root mode by typing exit and press enter
run sudo systemctl daemon-reload
run sudo gedit /etc/intel-undervolt.conf this will open a text editor
change the value in line 10 (in front of CPU) to -130 like this undervolt 0 'CPU' -130 (recommended -125)
now save that text file and exit
run sudo intel-undervolt apply and then run sudo systemctl start intel-undervolt
use the system for some time, if it looks stable then run sudo systemctl enable intel-undervolt.

As of selecting the offset, I use undervolt 0 'CPU' -130 in the /etc/intel-undervolt.conf file. As a beginner I would suggest you to stick to undervolting the CPU only.
To find the correct offset (unique to each CPU piece. Same CPU but on different computer could have different ideal offset) slowly  lower the offset by small values (I used 10), and at the point where your PC crashes, is the threshold. And set the final value to threshold - 10. In my case it crashed at 140 so I set it to 130.
The only downside (if you don't choose sudo systemctl enable intel-undervolt) is that you will have to apply the settings on every boot. I have created an alias with alias us='sudo intel-undervolt apply && sudo tlp start'. So I just have to type us in the terminal on a boot, and then I am good to go.
Note: the crashing of PC to calculate the offset is completely safe. It will not damage you hardware whatsoever.
Note: Any Intel CPU can go to -125 at least, above that comes the difficult part. If you want to take it to the limit, then only try increasing it step by step. Otherwise -125 will work just fine for any Intel CPU.
You could also try to switch to intel integrated graphics card.

sudo apt-get install nvidia-prime
Reboot
sudo prime-select intel
Reboot

and we are done.


Ububtu upgrade stuck at the time of Unpacking fonts-sil-padauk

Boot up your computer, a GRUB 2 boot menu should come, like this:

This is localised in my computer, screenshot taken via QEMU-ing into actual system.
Hit e here. It should be something like this:

 Replace the slightly underlined part by:
single if your init is Upstart, or systemd.unit=emergency.target if your init is systemd(You can learn what your default init is by issuing file /sbin/init, it is /lib/upstart/upstart if you use upstart, /lib/systemd/systemd or /lib/systemd/uselessd if you use systemd). Hit F10 after you finish editing.

If you can bring up the emergency terminal using these and using systemd as init: something like this should come up:

Hit ReturnEnter here, if asked, provide the root password.
Unfortunately I cannot take a Upstart screenshot now.
Type in dpkg --force-overwrite --configure -a after getting root@hostname# prompt.


Can't upgrade from Ubuntu 12.04.5 (precise pangolin) to 14.04.1 (Trusty Tahr)

Open the updatemanager and click on the settings-button (left bottom of the screen) .
Now seek for the tab 'updates' and click the selector on the last line (...newer versions of Ubuntu) for LTS (not any version, but only the LTS-version) . You'll be prompted for your password to make the changes valid.

Run again for updates (with good working internet-connection) you should see now the possibility for an upgrade to the next LTS-version (do so) / From there on follow the on-screen instructions.

Mind you: I'd like to give you the advise to do a fresh install of 14.04 LTS ; not only is it much quicker to do, but it is technically better to run a 'clean' installation of this Ubuntu-version (you'll have a 100% good working Ubuntu). Upgrades can go wrong sadly.

So, before you do anything: MAKE BACK UPS of your important data !!!

Good Luck !


The relevant section from the article:

  Before you begin with this guide, you should have a separate, non-root user account with sudo privileges set up on your server.

Here, "non-root" means not the root user; so, any user who is not root with sufficient privilege to impersonate root using sudo will do -- like the user you created during installation.

So, you don't have to create a new user, your current one is sufficient for this purpose.


what is the password for downloading games?

For administrative actions, such as installing new software or making changes to the system's configuration, the system asks you for your user password, the one you used to log in to the system.


Different colors for active/inactive Unity window title bars?

Have you checked the answer for this question?
Create or edit ~/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css as:

.titlebar {
    background: #3089FF;
    color:white;
}

.titlebar:backdrop  {
    background: #777777;
    color:white;
}

Note that you can choose different colors to suite your preferences. Then refresh the gnome:

setsid gnome-shell --replace

I just tried it and it worked for me.


You need to have a port forward from your public ip address. There is no other way how to connect from outside. Talk to your ISP regarding the port forwarding. Some ISP provide port forwarding free of charge, whereas an extra public IP address costs something.


How can I get DPKG in ubuntu to handle this packages.txt?

#! /bin/bash

for i in $(cat ~/Desktop/install.txt)
do
  if [ $i != "install" ]
  then
    dpkg -i /location/$i #or any other command...
  fi
done


Ubuntu 13.04 not booting from hard drive after installing from USB

Boot from your Ubuntu USB drive.

Then follow these instructions:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


How to alter sensitivity of Ubuntu Dock in 17.10?

Follow the steps below to alter the sensitivity using dconf-editor:

Select preference org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock.pressure-threshold.
Set the 'Use default value' slider to OFF.
Enter a custom value in the 'custom value' box. The default value is 100 and it seems like values around 500 make it a little less sensitive.

For me, a value of 1000 makes it seemingly impossible to open the Dock, so that's some evidence that the setting does seem to be doing something and is probably not just my imagination.


Attempting to upload to my PPA: the signature could not be verified

You seem get some advance in packaging, I'm learning too.

dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc

From man dpkg-buildpackage

-us    Do not sign the source package.
-uc    Do not sign the .changes file.

:) you order it not to sign them. Remove both options then try again.

Side notes:

You should sync your GPG key with hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:11371 using seahorse or other tools. Otherwise launchpad will reject your packages.
Calling simply dpkg-buildpackage with generate both the source + binary(your machine arch only) packages. If you are confident that binary is building fine, you can make the process shorter by building only source package and let launchpad build all the binaries, using:

dpkg-buildpackage -S

From man dpkg-buildpackage

  -S     Specifies a source-only build, no binary packages need to
         be made.  Passed to dpkg-genchanges.  Note: if what you
         want is  simply  to (re-)build the source package, using
         dpkg-source is always better as it does not require any
         build dependencies to be installed to be able to call the
         clean target.

Also dpkg-source another option that don't need to installed build dependencies to build source package.


Try sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386.
If that fails, or it doesn't fix the problem, do sudo apt-get install -f.


I connected my laptop to a projector, and suddenly my desktop doubled itself!

It seems the situation on my system is the same on yours, as I managed to replay your issue at least 1 time.
With just 1 monitor attached (to DVI), the monitor (obviously) shows as Display 1 in the Display tool (Identify Displays). However, as soon as I connect the second monitor (19" VGA and situated right of 23"), it becomes Display 1 and the 23" is now Display 2.
If I then change from Extended to Mirrored, strange things happen. I also just barely saw my Display tool window on the edge, so I could pull it back to the center. When I changed back to Extended, in the tool the monitors have swapped position, Display 1 on the left.

I still have not found out what causes this strange behavior but I have a tip that at least worked for me:
As soon as the Display tool is open, I make sure to pull it to the left side of the screen. When I then select Mirrored, its easier to grab the window...
I hope this helps.


Ubunu stuck at login screen screen since using NVIDIA graphics card

Either install the nvidia through the additional drivers settings or install dkms before you install the drivers next time so that you won't have to reinstall them afterwards.


jupyter notebook access issue in Chromium

I had the same issue. I don't know what the problem is with Chrome, but a quick "fix" for me was to run:
jupyter notebook --browser firefox

so I don't have to copy-paste the link in Firefox.


Mouse back and forward thumb buttons not working

add this to .vmx file of your Vm(just append it to the end of the file):

mouse.vusb.enable = "TRUE"
mouse.vusb.useBasicMouse = "FALSE"
usb.generic.allowHID = "TRUE"

make sure the VM and vmware is turned off(because if you will change it while VM is on it will not affect and the file changes will override when you close the VM - that what happened to me).


Can I add wine application category list to unity dash?

You can install cardapio which gives you a launcher that shows the original app categories.

https://launchpad.net/cardapio

see the answers to this question


I want to create swap partition in already installed 16.04 LTS

Boot from Ubuntu LiveCD
Open GParted
Resize /(root) partition
Use freespace after root partition to create swap partition.

detailed: How do I restore a swap partition I accidentally deleted?