likewise-open | 14.04 | other easy way to connect AD?

Using Powerbroker instead of likewise

do as steps below

1- download powerbroker frome here
http://download1.beyondtrust.com/Technical-Support/Downloads/PowerBroker-Identity-Services-Open-Edition/?Pass=True

2- run it ,

sudo chmod a+x

run by typing it and hitting enter key

 sudo ./pibsfilename.sh

3- join by one of the below commands

 sudo domainjoin-cli join domainname.com administrator@domainname.com

or

 sudo domainjoin-cli join --disable ssh domainname.com administrator@domainname.com

4- Also, note that you might need to make one minor change to a config file as noted here. Namely, in the file /etc/pam.d/common-session, change the line that reads:

   session sufficient pam_lsass.so

to

   session [success=ok default=ignore] pam_lsass.so

5- run this command to config, like lwconfig in likewise (run from home folder), use caret ^ for spaces in group names

   /opt/pbis/bin/config Requiremembershipof "domainname\\ASecurityGroupFromYourDomain" "domainname\\plus^other^group"
   /opt/pbis/bin/config AssumeDefaultDomain true
   /opt/pbis/bin/config UserDomainPrefix domainname

6- if you want a username to be sudoer do as follows

 sudo nano /etc/sudoers

after root line add the line below

 username ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

for group use %:

 %DOMAINNAME\\Power^Users ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

7- and finally edit lightdm configuration file

   sudo nano /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-unity-greeter.conf

   allow-guest=false
   greeter-show-remote-login=false
   greeter-show-manual-login=true

(60-lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf in Lubuntu 14.04)

8- Reboot

Resources used:

http://community.spiceworks.com/how_to/show/80336-join-ubuntu-14-04lts-to-a-windows-domain-using-pbis-open
Add AD Domain user to sudoers from the command line
https://serverfault.com/questions/387950/how-to-map-ad-domain-admins-group-to-ubuntu-admins
http://codenuggets.com/2014/05/15/likewise-open-change-default-user-shell/


Quite possible the best way to get control over their Internet activity is to install a hardware appliance such as the Sonicwall TZ100. These security devices connect between the Internet gateway and the PC, and are platform independent. I am not affiliated with Sonicwall, but I do use it at a high school where I am the tech coordinator with great success. I know money is tight everywhere, but for $339 at this web site, you will not only have an Internet content filtering service, but antivirus, anti-spyware, and Intrusion Prevention for all of the computers. I recommend the TotalSecure 100.

P.S. Ubuntu 11.10 is the Oneiric Ocelot. You might want to clarify that for other answers.


Like wise open packages for Ubuntu 14.04.3

Likewise is unmaintained and have been removed from ubuntu repository.

Take a look here :

  LikewiseOpen is now Beyond Trust - PowerBroker Identity Services Open
  Edition. The Likewise website is gone, and links to it are broken.

here is a related discussion about how to replace likewise


Prevent 'Display' window from appearing after pressing 'Turn on/off display' shortcut in XFCE

Solved it, with @clearkimura's help:

Go to Settings > Keyboard > Application Shortcuts
Look for command xfce4-display-settings --minimal with shortcut XF86Display
Remove it


You will have to edit the casper scripts.

This varies slightly between versions of Ubuntu, see:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCDCustomization#Removing_the_.28Casper.29_Autologin


Cannot boot to Win 8.1 after installing Ubuntu 16.04.1

Problem solved.  First off, I completed the re-size operation described above to eliminate the "unallocated" partitions.
I used “Disk” to set the usb sticks to “mount”.
I used Ub LiveCD to run “Boot-Repair” summary report with each stick in the port and found that the stick for the Acer pc was bootable, but not the one for the Lenova.
Inserted bootable stick, booted pc, tapping F12 after the beep, and got the boot device menu.  I selected the bootable recovrery stick, which brought the blue Win screen to select language.  I then selected the “Troubleshoot” icon, then “Advanced opts”, then “Command prompt”.
At the prompt I entered “echo list volume | diskpart”.  This displayed a table of data for 8 “volumes”; the labels and sizes for Win partitions matched the partitions shown in Gparted.  But the Fs for the 300MB (=sda2, efi) partition read RAW instead of FAT32.  This had to be reformatted.  So files shown in the Boot-Repair summary for sda2 first had to be saved.  I used Live CD and “Files” (sda2 mounted) to save to my usb b/u files memory stick.
Then I used Win recovery stick again to get to Command prompt and entered, sequentially: diskpart, list disk, select disk # (for sda=0), list volume, select volume # (for sda2), format quick fs=fat32 label=ESP, assign letter=J, exit.
Then entered “chkdsk sda2: /F /X”.  Result was OK, as it was for the other partitions.
Then did  “echo list volume | diskpart” again.  Sda2 now showed Fs=FAT32, Label=ESP, letter=J.
Then – back to Live CD - created the folders in sda2 to match what was on the Boot-Repair report:  “sudo mkdir /mnt/EFI” (etc, one step at a time.)
Then inserted my usb b/u stick, made sure sda2 was mounted, and used 2 “Files” windows to “copy to” the files from the b/u to the proper sda2 folders.
Then inserted Win recovery stick, bootup (tapping F12) --> Troubleshoot window --> Advanced options --> then “Startup Repair”.
Removed recovery stick and re-booted.  It went to Win 8.1.  I checked the Win Disk Mngmnt, and it did not show any Ubuntu partitions.  This was reported on an Ub website as a bug.  Later, Gparted showed no changes to the partitions.  Also, none of my personal files in either OS were lost.
Booted to pc BIOS and changed boot order to Ub=#1, Win Boot Mgr=#2.
Re-booted but the pc did not go to the Ubuntu OS.  Instead it displayed the following message:
“Welcome to emergency model.  After logging in, type “journalctl -xb” to view system logs, “systemctl reboot” to reboot, “systemctl default” or ^D to try again to boot into default mode.  Press enter for Maintenance or Cntrl+D to continue”.  Below the message was a grub> prompt. Pressed Enter and got same message.  Pressed Cntrl+D and got same message.
Shutdown and used Live CD to run Boot-Repair “recommended”.
Re-booted and got the grub menu – with many more options than before (→ indicates where each lead)
    Ubuntu → Ubuntu 16.04.1 on hard drive
    Advanced options → recovery options window
    Win UEFI bkpbootmgfw.efi → Win 8.1
    Win Boot UEFI loader → Win 8.1
    EFI/ubuntu/fwupx64.efi → recycles to this list
    EFI//ubuntu/mokmanager.efi → a blue screen with a menu that recycled to this list and (?)
    EFI/OEM/Boot/bootmgfw.efi → Win 8.1
    Win Boot Mgr (on /dev/sda2) → recycles to this list
    System setup → BIOS menu.
Problem solved.


Guake keyboard shortcuts no longer working

Ubuntu 20 / gnome-shell / wayland seems to have (partially?) disabled quake's ability to set global keybindings.
You can manually re-enable them by going into system settings -> devices -> keyboard and scrolling to the bottom and add them by clicking on the + and bind the key to the command line equivalent to do what you want with guake.
The only guake keybinding I've tried changing is the one to open the window.


How to get sub-string for a string using pattern analysis?

I guess that you want to use regular expressions to do your pattern analysis. You can try this perl oneliner:

cat file.txt | perl -ne 'print "$1\n" if /(string module name=.*?)phone.*/'

perl -ne will analyze your file.txt line by line
then it will print only the content of the pattern between the (...)


Cannot repair grub using, boot-repair fails without reason

you can force Boot-Repair to install grub-pc (Legacy mode) by going to Boot-Repair advanced options --> GRUB location --> untick "Separate /boot/efi" --> Apply


Ubuntu 14.04 with internet connection sharing internet to Win XP vitualbox

Yes, this should work out of the box. Shutdown the guest, and in the Virtualbox manager, add a virtual network card to it. Set the network type to "NAT". Start the guest again - the virtual computer should recognize the card and have network access on it. (You may need to install the Virtualbox additions in the guest.)


Ethernet adapter was disable on Ubuntu 17.04

Here is how to fix this problem.

Edit file /usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/10-globally-managed-devices.conf and change it's content from :

[keyfile]
unmanaged-devices=*,except:type:wifi,except:type:wwan

To :

[keyfile]
unmanaged-devices=*,except:type:ethernet,except:type:wifi,except:type:wwan

And then run :

sudo service network-manager restart

That's all.


How do I run a sudo command needing password input in the background?

Instead of running sudo in the background, tell sudo to run the command in the background. From man sudo:

-b, --background
     Run the given command in the background.  Note that it is not
     possible to use shell job control to manipulate background
     processes started by sudo.  Most interactive commands will
     fail to work properly in background mode.

For example:

sudo -b sleep 10

Another way would be to just use a shell to run the command:

sudo sh -c 'sleep 10 &'

Another option would to specify a graphical program for obtaining the password, and send sudo to the background anyway:

-A, --askpass
     Normally, if sudo requires a password, it will read it from
     the user's terminal.  If the -A (askpass) option is
     specified, a (possibly graphical) helper program is executed
     to read the user's password and output the password to the
     standard output.  If the SUDO_ASKPASS environment variable is
     set, it specifies the path to the helper program.  Otherwise,
     if sudo.conf(5) contains a line specifying the askpass
     program, that value will be used.  For example:

         # Path to askpass helper program
         Path askpass /usr/X11R6/bin/ssh-askpass

     If no askpass program is available, sudo will exit with an
     error.

Askpass programs are typically used for SSH. One such is provided by the ssh-askpass-gnome package, which is installed by default, at least on Ubuntu 15.10.

SUDO_ASKPASS=/usr/bin/ssh-askpass sudo -A sleep 10 &


How to boot UEFI installed Ubuntu in BIOS?

You may try this steps:

Install VirtualBox (or any other virtual machine emulator) onto your laptop.
Create virtual machine without UEFI in your case.
Mount to it ubuntu.iso and your physical external HDD via USB as a single boot drive.
Install Ubuntu.
Stop virtual machine and replug your HDD to desktop.


Can I make Nautilus look better in Lubuntu 12.04?

Go to Preferences → Customize Look and Feel from the menu

Change the theme to Lubuntu-default in widget tab. It will make nautilus to look good and compatible with other Lubuntu apps

Response to latest updates of requirements by OP
If you don't want to change your theme, I fear it is not possible to workaround this. Because, nautilus version 3.0 or greater requires gtk-3 themes, which your currently active theme surely is not supporting.
If you really want to have nautilus to be compatible with the installed theme, I would suggest you to contact theme developer for a request to implement gtk-3 theme in this one. If you are good with css and javascript and feel interested, I think you may yourself try to implement the theme in gtk-3. See this themeing guide for help.


How do I decrease the display brightness an Acer 5830TG?

Try below,

execute gksu gedit /etc/default/grub

Change this line

GRUB_CMLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to something like below

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor"

Execute sudo update-grub and reboot . See if brightness keys are working.

It is still possible ubuntu won't remember your brightness settings. So you have to change brightness each time.

This is for setting brightness manually after doing the above steps.

Try following for paths shown by ls /sys/class/backlight/*/brightness and replace accordingly.

example paths will be like

/sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

For the above path Get the maximum brightness:

cat  /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/max_brightness

Try a lower value to set the brightness, say output is 16 so I will try with half of it

echo 8 | sudo tee  /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

If this works,  make this happen in each login automatically by doing the following

sudo gedit /etc/rc.local

Enter this line just before exit 0. It should look like

echo YOUR_VALUE_HERE > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness
exit 0


Can't run photoshop CS2 on Ubuntu 14.04 x86_64

The folk at omgubuntu have a detailed list of steps to make it work, and it does work for me.  I find that I can do what I need to do with Gimp, however.


After upgrade to ubuntu 12.04.1 the screen is black

After the computer is turned on, please press

Alt+Ctrl+F1

and log in.

(If you succeded) generate the Xorg file:

sudo Xorg -configure

Restart your computer. If this didn't help, please paste the generated file content.

Regards


There is no official support for Openattic 3.7 on Ubuntu 16.04.

Only openATTIC version: 2.02.21 - Barely works, needs Django version between 1.6 to 1.7 only.

Turns out theres no full support for 16.04 LTS.
https://tracker.openattic.org/browse/OP-1484

Follow the openATTIC documentation - https://openattic.readthedocs.io/en/2.x/install_guides/oA_installation.html#installation-on-ubuntu-linux

If you want to install older version as mentioned above on your Ubuntu 16.04 LTS:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://apt.openattic.org/ $(lsb_release -cs) main"
sudo apt update
sudo apt install openattic -y


You should make sure the directory /usr/local/bin is in your $PATH variable. If it isn't, then add this line to your .bash_profile in your home directory:

export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH


I notice that there are NO scan results, not even at very low signal strength. When you installed the wireless card, are you quite certain that you connected both antenna wires?

Please check. Be certain that both wires are connected and securely snapped in place. Restart the NUC and see if there are wireless networks available at the Network Manager icon.


Dual Booting on Dell 1545 with W7 & Ubuntu 15.04

I would recommend you to run a live cd of ubuntu and install boot-repair. Open the terminal and copy and paste the following command:

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update

After successfully adding and updating the repository type the following command:

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

There you can solve your issues related to boot.


put this code in your terminal will take up less space.

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity form-factor Desktop


How do I make Byobu terminal open hyperlinks in browser when clicked?

You can do so, by holding the Ctrl key, and then click on the link, and that will open that link in the browser.


Why hostname ip is different with my server ip?

hosts file work the other way around when you input
Ubuntu-1604-xenial-64-minimal
it will redirect you to the ip in front of it in your case 172.31.<n>.<n>.  So for example you can put this 195.201.<n>.<n> myserver in your host file and when you try to connect to myserver it will connect you to 195.201.<n>.<n>.


Cannot open gnome-terminal from Unity launcher or from side panel shortcut

Although we only can guess what has happened, two things seem not in order:

The fact that in Dash, you get nlykkei@nlykkei-Ubuntu:~, when looking for the terminal, confirms the fact that you must have a local (error-some) copy of the gnome-terminal.desktop -file. This also explains why it does run from cli in xterm; the .desktop file is surpassed then.
The fact that you lost colors in the terminal points to the fact that there is something wrong in your ~/.bashrc -file.

To solve

Remove any local copy of a .desktop file, calling gnome-terminal (to be found in ~/.local/share/applications). The Unity Launcher and Dash will then use the global one again.

Restore the original ~/.bashrc file by running the command:
 cp /etc/skel/.bashrc ~/

Subsequently log out and back in, and it should be fixed.


Lenovo Thinkpad E480 - No Wifi Adaptor Found in Ubuntu 18.04

With a temporary working internet connection by ethernet, tethered or any other means, open a terminal Ctrl+Alt+t and do:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install build-essential git dkms
git clone https://github.com/tomaspinho/rtl8821ce.git
cd rtl8821ce
sudo ./dkms-install.sh

The file builds for me on my 18.04 system with a few possibly harmless warnings but no errors.

Follow with:

sudo modprobe 8821ce

You should be all set.


How to fix "not installable" unmet dependencies while installing Mosquitto (Ubuntu Server 16.10)?

It's not the answer I was looking for, but an answer that I found worked was to wipe it and install Ubuntu 16.04. Mosquitto installed with sudo apt-get install mosquitto after that.


A lot of people report problems when trying to use Universal.
Try UNetbootin or Startup Disk Creator, (from the Live DVD).


Installing Ubuntu without deleting other partitons

Select something else
then click on the disk that you want to install ubuntu then change its mount point to "/" root. Format that partition with ext4. Thats it! complete the installation.


The Ubuntu Boot-Repair Wiki may be of help to you

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


Simple Bash Script To Set All Launchers (*.desktop) To Executable Doesn't Work

As @nosklo pointed out, removing the backslashes will work.

You do not need back-slashes before the double-quotation marks used to define a variable that may contain blank spaces.

Additionally, the echo command does need backslashes but your bash script does not.

#!/bin/bash
for myDesktop in $HOME/Desktop/*.desktop
do /usr/bin/gio set "$myDesktop" "metadata::trusted" "yes"
done

To verify your changes, run the following command:

gio info ~/Desktop/*.desktop | grep -P 'metadata|uri'

Files containing a blank space will contain "%20" instead of the blank space in the output of the last command.

Finally, log out and then log back in for your changes to take effect.

Also, if you just want to set these files as executable, then you can use the chmod command like this instead:

#!/bin/bash
for i in ~/Desktop/*.desktop
do chmod +x "$i"
done

However, this will not make the files "trusted".


My printer doesn't have wifi so can i make a ubuntu the wifi for that printer?

All you need to do is to "share" the printer over Samba. There are many HOWTO's on the Internet to do this, here is one:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NetworkPrintingWithUbuntu

You have already installed the printer on Ubuntu. You may already have installed Samba; if not, that would be the next step. Then, share  the printer.  Make sure that both computers can ping each other, and belong to the same "Workgroup". The printer should now be visible on your Windows computer in the "Network" window, so you can print to it.


Can't use Nvidia GeForce 310m in Ubuntu 13.04

i have the Samsung q330 and i have the same issue, i can resolved it with this.

Open synaptic and remove all nvidia drivers and nouveaun, like so:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia * nouvea* or sudo apt-get clean nvidia* nouvea*

Open terminal and install:

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable
  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic nvidia-319
  sudo apt-get install bumblebee virtualgl linux-headers-generic
  sudo apt-get install mesa-utils
  sudo reboot

And you can test with this command:

optirun glxgears -info

If all works out you can see something like this:

GL_RENDERER   = GeForce 310M/PCIe/SSE2
GL_VERSION    = 3.3.0 NVIDIA 325.15
GL_VENDOR     = NVIDIA Corporation

its run some 3D graphics and say you fps.
You can use too optimusrun glxspheres, and glxspeheres to test mxpixel/sec
Good luck


Even though you said that you know that you updated Grub correctly, I'm pretty sure that you didn't; else you wouldn't be having these problems. You may have followed the instructions you found exactly, but those instructions might have been wrong.

Run the Windows fixmbr again, then use the live CD to set up a chroot environment and run update-grub from there. I've posted instructions previously.

Note that if you've got a separate /boot partition, you need to mount it after mounting your root partition and before entering the chroot:

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot

If after doing this Grub still doesn't play nicely with Windows, it probably means that your Grub configuration is messed up. Go back to your chroot environment and reinstall the grub packages. Hopefully, that'll clear things up.


Is there a temperature sensing utility for linux that will read a ryzen 1700 cpu?

The kernel module that worked for me is it87
https://github.com/groeck/it87

I have an ASUS Crosshair Hero VI.
https://rog.asus.com/forum/showthread.php?92313-linux-lm_sensors-it87-driver

I am using ArchLinux with the 4.11 kernel. To get it working I ran

sudo modprobe it87 force_id=0x8622
sudo sensors-detect

You may need to use a different force_id value. The recommended list from the repo is 0x8622, 0x8628, 0x8728, and 0x8732.

To get the module loaded at boot time I had to create the following files as root.

# /etc/modules-load.d/it87.conf
# Load it87 for Ryzen motherboard and CPU sensors
it87

# /etc/modprobe.d/it87.conf
options it87 force_id=0x8622


How to redirect output to screen as well as a file?

You can use the tee command for that:

command | tee /path/to/logfile

The equivelent without writing to the shell would be:

command > /path/to/logfile

If you want to append (>>) and show the output in the shell, use the -a option:

command | tee -a /path/to/logfile

Please note that the pipe will catch stdout only, errors to stderr are not processed by the pipe with tee. If you want to log errors (from stderr), use:

command 2>&1 | tee /path/to/logfile

This means: run command and redirect the stderr stream (2) to stdout (1). That will be passed to the pipe with the tee application.


bfgminer (lxterminal:1024): Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display:

At the time rc.local runs, the X window system (which supplies $DISPLAY) has not yet started. If possible, replace lxterminal with a shell script that logs to a file.


This command lspci -nnk | grep -i vga -A3 | grep 'in use' told me what driver I was using --namely -- from the kernel
Kernel driver in use: i915
Kernel driver in use: radeon
so then I ran the command uname -a
and got that I was using the 5.4.0-48-generic
so I went to https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-signed-hwe-5.4/+bugs
and found out there are some bugs
Not sure of the solution yet, thinking I should role back to previous kernel


Can't log in after trying to set environment variables

It looks right to me. Possibly the trailing slash in /home/gradle/ should be dropped, but I can't see how it would cause the login to fail.

You know what, there is a pending change to the lightdm package that will help prevent problems like this. If you are on 14.04 or 14.10, I would suggest that you install the lightdm version in my PPA. It's a fix of bug #678421.


Firstly I opened Ubuntu Software center and searched for jdk removed the installer and default jdk 6 from there. Then I run the command :

sudo update-alternatives --config java
sudo update-alternatives --config javac

And selected the openjdk-7 from there. But when I run :

mvn --v

it said that JAVA_HOME is not set. Then did the following steps:

sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc

Added the following lines at the end of the file :

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

Then close the gedit. And run the command :

source /etc/bash.bashrc
echo $JAVA_HOME

Path was set.
And now :

mvn -v
Apache Maven 3.0.5
Maven home: /usr/share/maven
Java version: 1.7.0_76, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle/jre
Default locale: en_IN, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "3.16.0-30-generic", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"


You removed too many critical packages, so you must either restore the OS from a complete partition backup or reinstall the OS. It's a shame that you have to do this because of VSCode which isn't even a normal IDE like Visual Studio. As its name suggests, VSCode is more like an enhanced text editor.


Depending on how you did your OSX update, all your partitions should still be there (definitely if you updated the standard way). You can double check that your Ubuntu and Windows partitions are still there in Disk Utility.

Did you just update to El Capitan? If so you need you first follow these steps:
https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/209272/how-do-i-get-refind-working-with-os-x-10-11-el-capitan

Then try installing rEFInd again, same way you did before.

If that doesn't work, I'd probably try removing and reinstalling rEFInd, which can be a bit tricky because by default it gets installed to the bootloader partition on your hard drive - a small 'hidden' partition.

Restart your computer then follow these steps to allow you to access the bootloader (EFI) partition.
http://themacadmin.com/mounting-the-efi-boot-partition-on-mac-os-x/

In a terminal, to delete refind enter:

cd /Volumes/efi/./EFI
rm -rf refind

Then reinstall refind again.


"Error processing package" - apt upgrade cannot run due to package configuration errors

With

stat / /dev /var

check if you are the owner of all directories.  If not, run:

chown root DirectoryYouAreNotOwner

In my case, the owner of /  was Unknown. So I used the command:

chown root /


It sounds like you actually installed matlab-support from the software center. This is NOT Matlab. This package configures a pre-existing installation of Matlab. Only install this package if you already have Matlab from MathWorks installed.

It looks like there were problems with the installation of this package. To see which process is locking the file config.dat, type:

sudo fuser -v /var/cache/debconf/config.dat

It will result in output similar to:

root 2931 F.... frontend

The number is the process id of the process locking config.dat. Next kill this process:

sudo kill 2931

Except replace 2931 with the process id for your case. Now lets see if we can repair things:

sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get autoremove --purge matlab-support
sudo apt-get -f install

If you are looking for a free alternative to Matlab, you should look into using octave. The syntax and functionality is very similar to Matlab, but the GUI support is not as good.


New version of iPython installed, but only old version can be used

I had a similar issue. It turned out that I had two versions of IPython installed, and running ipython in the command line was launching the older version.

To resolve this issue, I simply had to update my PATH variable in my /.bashrc (or /.zshrc if you're using zsh as your shell) file.

export PATH="/path_to_my_anaconda/anaconda/bin:$PATH"

Since this section is pre-pended to your original PATH, running ipython should now launch the ipython version that is in anaconda (which I wanted) rather than the vanilla installation.

After sourcing the /.bashrc file with the above line, running ipython from the command line started the version of IPython I wanted.


How to make Ubuntu Server 12 read keyboard input by the password line on login?

Passwords are meant to be secure, and therefore (to prevent 'shoulder surfing') are usually suppressed (or replaced with an 'asterisk' per character).

For a graphic interface ('GUI') that makes sense, and you may even have a dialog box option to 'view password'.

For a server (which may be remote) it is more secure to simply suppress any response, or visible cue, to what is being typed. That may be confusing the first time, but will be second nature once you understand the reason.


Rsync Exclude MP4's Using Wild Cards For Paths

The answer to this is creating a complete exclude with the list of all files you aren't wanting included in your rsync:

Step 1: Create a text file listing the file names (including path) you are excluding from the rsync backup

command \ls /home/rpiggott/Videos/youTube/*/*.mp4 > /var/tmp/youTube_mp4_exclude

The use of command \ls ignores the ls alias used within terminal
The use of (1) > overwrites the file created each time the command is run
The output path - file names must match exactly what rsync is searching for.  To eliminate part of the path use this:

command \ls /home/rpiggott/Videos/youTube//.mp4 | sed 's:/home/::' > /var/tmp/youTube_mp4_exclude

Step 2: cat the files together

cat /var/tmp/ignorelist /var/tmp/youTube_mp4_exclude > /var/tmp/rsync_ignore.txt

Don't forget about file permissions if this is becoming a cron job

Step 3: Change --exclude-from to the new file created:

sshpass -p PASSWORD rsync -av --del --exclude-from=/var/tmp/rsync_ignore.txt --numeric-ids /home/rpiggott root@mybooklive.local:/nfs/rpiggott/

Remember rsync has a --dry-run option to test drive your backup

If you are setting this up as a cron use a .sh file with file file permission 755

0 3 * * * /home/rpiggott/Backup/daily_backup.sh


Where to find a direct link or torrent for Ubuntu Gnome ALTERNATE ISO?

As of at least 14.04, alternate ISOs are only built for Lubuntu.


Yes, sda1 is the Windows partition. You can delete it, but keep in mind that this will destroy all your data on it as well.

Also, if you've installed GRUB on that partition, you should reinstall it, to prevent boot issues (only execute the first command if you've installed GRUB on sda1):

sudo install-grub /dev/sda
sudo update-grub

But you'll have a bit of a problem because you can't extend your Linux partition with the free space as you can only extend partitions if there's free space on the right side of the partition you want to extend.

You can still extend using gParted (I believe) but this will take a long time and may cause data corruption as it will just temporary move your files and recreate the partition.

You can also choose to use the free space and mount it as your /home partition, so it'll all be used for your personal files.

Another option is to reinstall Lubuntu and choose to use the entire hard drive.


Slow DNS queries from browsers (but fast from dig) after upgrade to 18.04

For me it was a timeout while waiting for an AAAA query (IPv6) to end before responding even though an A record was already resolved.
The solution that worked for me is this.

add these lines to /etc/resolv.conf (the options is the secret sauce).

nameserver 1.1.1.1
nameserver 1.0.0.1
options single-request

on desktop systems it should be added to /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base instead because /etc/resolv.conf gets rewritten automatically.
then run these commands:

sudo resolvconf -u
sudo systemctl restart networking
sudo systemctl restart network-manager

solution from http://www.math.tamu.edu/~comech/tools/linux-slow-dns-lookup/


After Xubuntu 10.04 to 10.10 upgrade, my keyboard shortcuts no longer work

Have you tried opening a terminal and starting the xfce4 manager helper directly?

xfce4-settings-helper


How to mount UUID under linux name /dev/sdx/

Use /dev/disk/by-uuid/someUUID instead of /dev/sdaXN

You can use the UUID to device symlinks in the /dev filesystem:

$ ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/fc48808f-8f06-47fc-a1fe-5d08ee9e0a40
lrwxr[...] 14:15 /dev/disk/by-uuid/fc48808f-8f06-47fc-a1fe-5d08ee9e0a40 -> ../../sdd1

The link could be used like

... -rawdisk /dev/disk/by-uuid/fc48808f-8f06-47fc-a1fe-5d08ee9e0a40 ...

Instead of UUIDs, labels can be used in the same way - for example, with the label "data":

$ ls -l /dev/disk/by-label/data
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Sep  4 14:15 /dev/disk/by-label/data -> ../../sde1

Try

ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid
ls -l /dev/disk/by-label

Independent of that, UUIDs or labels can also be used in /etc/fstab, instead of the /dev/sdXN device files. (List labels with sudo lsblk -o NAME,LABEL)


NVIDIA driver problem after updating to 12.04

Looks like you didn't uninstall your previous driver version. This can happen because nvidia-current-dev is of version 295.40 and nvidia-current-updates-dev is of version 295.49 as reported. If you've installed the nVidia driver from Ubuntu's Additional Drivers dialogue, try sudo apt-get purge nvidia* then try reinstalling by sudo apt-get install nvidia-current-updates-dev then reboot. If you have used the .run file from nVidia's website then go to a console by pressing Alt+Ctrl+F1 and then run nvidia-xxx-pkg1.run --uninstall to remove the previous driver components. Now give a reboot and see if that works. If not, then execute sudo echo "blacklist nouveau" >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf so that the default nouveau driver for nVidia chipsets are not loaded instead of proprietary one. Finally install packaged binary drivers by sudo apt-get install nvidia-current-updates-dev.


Can I configure low disk space warning to a lesser threshold?

The notification is part of the gnome-settings-daemon, you can change its behaviour in gconf-editor. To do so:

Press Alt + F2 and enter gconf-editor
Go to apps > gnome_settings_daemon > plugins > housekeeping
Change free_size_gb_no_notify to 0.05 (for ~50MB) or whatever you'd prefer.

There is also a bunch of other settings in there you may find helpful.


Wireless stops working on an MSI U180 netbook

Don't know if you have fixed this yet, but I had the same issue with my MSI U180 and in the "Edit connections" at the top go to your wireless and then choose your wireless AP and then go to IPV6 and set it to ignore and that fixed my issue with not being able to connect to wireless.


hello here is equipment with nvidia-optimus-CUDA as example.

I stay only with kernel 3.9.0 and it is running best at moment here.

But I am using different nvidia-package - this is why I dont need to reconfigure
with each new kernel up to today.

Have you tried it with NVIDIA_CUDA_SDK_1.1_Beta_Linux.run ?

I did it like described here (thoug it is closed there ) :

https://askubuntu.com/questions/297030/nvidia-frickle-with-hybrid-chipset-is-now-over-finally


How do I block all traffic except firefox?

Is it possible to block it for all users including root but whitelist SOMEUSERNAME internet access?

Can be done with iptables:

iptables -A OUTPUT -m owner --uid-owner SOMEUSERNAME -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -j REJECT

This is not very nuanced. Of course, the root user can go ahead and rewrite the iptables rules to give itself permission.

You can whitelist incoming ports (say SSH, HTTP and HTTPS):

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -j REJECT

Application-level filtering isn't possible with iptables, but you could run Firefox and the torrent client under separate users and thus filter them in a similar way.

Also see:

Block network access of a process?
Is it possible to whitelist a specific program in iptables?
iptables HOWTO


The problem was not with Ubuntu or its installation; it's a limitation of VirtualBox. To elaborate....

Under EFI/UEFI, a normal installation involves the OS installing its boot loader to the EFI System Partition (ESP), using an OS-specific name. (Ubuntu used EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi or EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi.) Because the boot loader name varies from one OS to another, the computer has to know what file to run. It knows this by recording the data in NVRAM. Ubuntu registers this information with the efibootmgr program. Both these details are handled by the Ubuntu installer; they're invisible to you during the normal installation process.

The problem is that VirtualBox can't seem to remember its NVRAM data -- at least, not when it's recorded by efibootmgr from a running Ubuntu installation. In my experience, VirtualBox remembers the data as long as the virtual machine is running, but it then forgets the information when you shut it down and restart it. The result is that the virtual machine boots back into the EFI shell, which is shown in the screen shot you shared. There are several solutions to this problem:

Use BIOS-mode booting -- You can switch VirtualBox to use a BIOS rather than an EFI. This is the solution you're using, based on your comments. It's a perfectly reasonable solution for booting Linux 99% of the time. If you need the EFI for some reason, though (say, if you're developing EFI applications), this won't be an acceptable solution. FWIW, EFI-mode booting is slightly faster than BIOS-mode booting under VirtualBox.
Use the EFI shell to launch GRUB -- You can learn the EFI shell commands to locate and launch a boot loader and use them to launch GRUB. Normally, the following commands should do the job:

fs0: (but in some cases it may be fs1: or some other device)
cd \EFI\ubuntu
grubx64.efi

Use an EFI startup script to launch GRUB -- The EFI shell tries to run a shell script, called startup.nsh, when it launches. If you have this script launch grubx64.efi, it will launch when the EFI shell starts up. This will take a few seconds, though.
Register GRUB with the EFI setup utility -- Although VirtualBox doesn't remember its entries when they're created by efibootmgr, it does remember entries created with its own setup tool. Typing exit in the EFI shell should enter the setup tool. You can then use the Boot Maintenance Menu -> Boot Options -> Add Boot Option to locate GRUB and add an entry for it. Note, however, that the VirtualBox EFI's setup utility is finicky, so it's easy to overlook a critical step or otherwise do it incorrectly.
Rename GRUB -- EFI recognizes a special "fallback" filename (EFI\BOOT\bootx64.efi on x86-64 systems) that it launches if it can't find another bootable image. You can therefore rename GRUB to use this name. You can do this from the EFI shell:

fs0: (again, this could sometimes be another device)
cd EFI
mv ubuntu BOOT
mv BOOT\grubx64.efi BOOT\bootx64.efi

Alternatively, you can do the same thing by using Ubuntu. You could use the installation medium in its "try before installing" mode or use the EFI shell to launch GRUB once and then use your regular installation. Either way, the ESP is normally /dev/sda1, so you'll need to mount that partition to make the changes. (If you use the regular installation, the ESP should be mounted at /boot/efi by default.)

Installing in BIOS mode from the start is likely to be the easiest solution; but if the virtual machine is already installed or if you need or want EFI-mode booting, renaming EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi to EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi is usually the best solution.


How to enable root login Ubuntu snappy core?

You've hit the nail on the head: Ubuntu Core mounts the root filesystem as squashfs which is read-only.  All the DEFAULT user authentication files /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, /etc/group and /etc/gshadow all live on a read-only filesystem.  By Snapcraft's DESIGN you can't modify these users.

Only users added with:

sudo adduser --extrausers testusername

Can be modified by the passwd command.  The root user is not one of these.  The user authentication files for these supplemental users live in a different path which IS RW:

/writable/system-data/var/lib/extrausers/

Where you'll find writable user authentication files which can be altered by the passwd command.

NOTE: There is a way of working with System users in the following link, but I'm not sure you'll be able to alter the root user which is your goal:

https://docs.ubuntu.com/core/en/guides/manage-devices/

WORKAROUND:

Preface the remote command with sudo:

ssh yourUser@1.2.3.4 -t 'sudo /bin/sh -c cd /home/yourUser;sudo ./test.sh'

In test.sh you can specify commands which require root perms and the sudo will execute them successfully.  I guess there's other ways of doing it, but it's a starting point.  HTH bud-  T


error installing steam on ubuntu 14.04 fatal error loading steamui.so

I met this problem yesterday then I reinstall Ubuntu 14.04 and I deleted all files and operating system.I installed Steam Launcher on Ubuntu Software center.Then I wrote apt-get install steam [This process need to open root] Then steam installed update itself.Then steam opened successfully.


How do I get both AMD Mobility Radeon hd 4250 and 5650's working in a laptop?

I have the same card.It seems to me that this type of configuration is not solved properly as we need to install 2 types of drivers. First of all forget about using 12.10.Whit this card it is recomended to not use above 12.04 and use fglrx legcy due to X.org incompatibility.And after this only your low performance card will work.The proprietary driver is not capable to switch between a legacy chip(4250) and a non legacy chip(5650).Atleast this is what my testing shows so far. I am going to try to install the older driver catalyst 11.5 but i have no idea why it shuld work better then my current catalyst 12.6. other possibility is to use opensource drivers + vgaswitcheroo to manually switch between them but then again the open source driver has terrible power management and the fan will run all the time with high graphics chip temperatures.please report this issue on amd site under the legacy drivers section.


The graphical tool is firewall-config

Ubuntu man page - http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/saucy/man1/firewall-config.1.html

Although the man page states firewall-config is packaged as part of firewalld,

  Provided by: firewalld_0.3.4-1_all

it is packaged separate in firewall-applet

Thank you Paranoid Panda for pointing that out.

sudo apt-get install firewall-applet

IMO it does not offer all the command line options available to firewallD but it may work for you.

For additional information on firewalld see

https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/FirewallD

and

https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/Security_Guide/sec-Using_Firewalls.html

Note: It is possible, highly likely in face, ufw will conflict with firewalld, as such I would advise you purge ufw/gufw


What can I do to extend lifetime of my usb using Ubuntu full install?

If it is a USB flash drive, then you shouldn't make swap partition on it. Also don't hibernate your computer, as that will write all memory to the USB drive. You could edit your /etc/fstab and add "noatime" as that will decrease the number of writes to the flash. Press Alt-F2 or open a terminal, type gksudo gedit /etc/fstab and change the line which contains your / drive:

# / was on /dev/sdX2 during installation

UUID=XXXXXXXXXXXX /               ext4    errors=remount-ro, 0       1

to include noatime so it's like this:

UUID=XXXXXXXXXXXX / ext4 errors=remount-ro,noatime 0 1

This way, there are no writes to the drive when you acces a file (noatime stands for "no acces time") to write the time of the last read.


If you're still using X11, as I am, you can try the following:

Copy the icc file to a path without any spaces.
Decide on a terminal command that will load the icc file. There are several options. This is the one I chose:

/usr/bin/dispwin /var/lib/colord/icc/startup.icc

Add the command to load the icc profile to /usr/share/sddm/scripts/Xsetup. This file may be overwritten when the system is updated.

or ... create your own startup script, and add the following to /etc/sddm.conf.

[X11]
DisplayCommand="/path/to/startup_script"

References

ArchWiki: ICC profiles
Ubuntu Manpage: sddm.conf


Personally , when it comes to setting custom nameserver I prefer using supersede option in /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf file. When you connect to access point , the router sends some infomation to your machine, including what DNS it should be using. supersede takes that option and replaces that setting with whatever you provide. More precisely, I'd use supercede domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;

Here's the example of my file's top part. Notice where I set that option

xieerqi:$ cat /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf  | head -n 30
# Configuration file for /sbin/dhclient, which is included in Debian's
#   dhcp3-client package.
#
# This is a sample configuration file for dhclient. See dhclient.conf's
#   man page for more information about the syntax of this file
#   and a more comprehensive list of the parameters understood by
#   dhclient.
#
# Normally, if the DHCP server provides reasonable information and does
#   not leave anything out (like the domain name, for example), then
#   few changes must be made to this file, if any.
#

option rfc3442-classless-static-routes code 121 = array of unsigned integer 8;

#send host-name "andare.fugue.com";
send host-name = gethostname();
#send dhcp-client-identifier 1:0:a0:24:ab:fb:9c;
#send dhcp-lease-time 3600;
#supersede domain-name "fugue.com home.vix.com";
supersede domain-name-servers 208.67.220.220; ######  <--------
#prepend domain-name-servers 127.0.0.1;
request subnet-mask, broadcast-address, time-offset, routers,
    domain-name, domain-name-servers, domain-search, host-name,
    dhcp6.name-servers, dhcp6.domain-search,
    netbios-name-servers, netbios-scope, interface-mtu,
    rfc3442-classless-static-routes, ntp-servers,
    dhcp6.fqdn, dhcp6.sntp-servers;
#require subnet-mask, domain-name-servers;
#timeout 60;


There is a good chance that you have selected an Ubuntu Repository mirror that is giving poor performance. You can ping all of the available servers and then select the best performing one by:

Opening 'Software & Updates
Selecting the tab 'Ubuntu'
Selecting 'Other...' from the 'Download From...' dropdown box
Selecting 'Select Best Server' from the 'Choose a Download Server' box

Below is a screen capture demonstrating these steps:

Then you need to:

Select the best server with 'Choose Server'
Authenticate with your password and reload the sources list when prompted

Bear in mind that this will not necessarily be the closest server to you geographically, the fastest server at that time will be selected. Depending on network load, time of day etc this server may not always be the best...

References:

Ubuntu Repositories: Download Server


pkexec won't launch polkit GUI in Lubuntu / LXDE

I am using an alternative solution to the accepted answer. I prefer using lxpolkit instead of policykit-1-gnome since it is designed for LXDE.

This problem with pkexec not launching the authentication screen is very common. The first thing to check is whether you have a graphical policy kit interface (either lxpolkit or policykit-1-gnome) installed and configured for LXDE because these packages are flagged to be removed during a major upgrade of lubuntu. Apparently neither are included when installing the distro.

Solution

Install lxpolkit.
sudo apt-get install lxpolkit
Logout and login.
Set lxpolkit as default policy agent
In the menu, go to Preferences > Default applications for LXSession (or run lxsession-default-apps in a terminal). In the first section "Running applications" (Update: Default apps manager 14.10 is different. Use the Core applications tab.), go to the option for Polkit agent and make sure lxpolkit is selected.

Instead of using the package policykit-1-gnome, lxsession will now use lxpolkit for LXDE.

Why Apps Launched With pkexec Don't Run From the LXDE Menu

It comes down to the way apps in the X11 system are launched with pkexec.

The apps that appear in the lxpanel menu are stored and configured in either /usr/share/applications (global menus items) or ~/.local/share/applications (user specific). See LXDE Wiki - Main Menu

In these directories you will find a .desktop file for each of the applications appearing in your menu. Here is an example of /usr/share/applications/synaptic.desktop:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Synaptic Package Manager
GenericName=Package Manager
Comment=Install, remove and upgrade software packages
Exec=synaptic-pkexec
Icon=synaptic
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=PackageManager;GTK;System;Settings;
NotShowIn=KDE;
X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=synaptic

Notice the line Exec=synaptic-pkexec.

In the absence of a policy kit interface, the user is normally asked for a password in the command line. Since this is a menu item, this is launched in the background and there is no command line to enter the password. Hence, you need to make sure you are using lxpolkit. Or if you prefer the gnome polkit, install the package policykit-1-gnome which launches the login menu whenever pkexec is used. I have removed the package policykit-1-gnome and using lxpolkit works well for all applications.

Alternative Solutions

Use gksudo Instead of pkexec
You could right-click applications like synaptic in the menu, click Properties, and change the Command field from synaptic-pkexec to gksudo synaptic. Or via command line, copy the original file to your user's applications directory with sudo cp /usr/share/applications/synaptic.desktop ${HOME}/.local/share/applications/synaptic.desktop

Then edit the line Exec=synaptic-pkexec and replace it with Exec=gksudo synaptic

gksudo's "primary purpose is to run graphical commands that need root without the need to run an X terminal emulator and using su directly." - GKSU(1)

And for good reason! See Running Sudo Graphically.

This of course requires that every application relying on pkexec be edited to launch with gksudo which requires more work on your part if you're using lxpanel. A nice comparison of security and usability features for gksudo and PolicyKit can be found at Comparison of privilege authorization features.

Write Your Own pkexec Policy For Individual Applications
This is more than I want to do, but it may be useful in some situations. I don't recommend doing this without a strong understanding of writing PolicyKit Actions.

  The actions available to you via polkit will depend on the packages
  you have installed. Some are used in multiple desktop environments
  (org.freedesktop.), some are DE-specific (org.gnome.) and some are
  specific to a single program (org.archlinux.pkexec.gparted.policy).
  The command pkaction lists all the actions defined in
  /usr/share/polkit-1/actions for quick reference.

Here's an example, which I have not tested, from City-busz -Using 'pkexec' command instead of 'gksu':

  E.g. if you want to run gparted as root with

$ pkexec gparted

  command, then create a new file

/usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.freedesktop.policykit.pkexec.policy

  with the following content:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE policyconfig PUBLIC
 "-//freedesktop//DTD PolicyKit Policy Configuration 1.0//EN"
 "http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/PolicyKit/1/policyconfig.dtd">
<policyconfig>

  <action id="org.freedesktop.policykit.pkexec.run-gparted">
    <description>Run GParted</description>
    <message>Authentication is required to run GParted</message>
    <defaults>
      <allow_any>no</allow_any>
      <allow_inactive>no</allow_inactive>
      <allow_active>auth_admin_keep</allow_active>
    </defaults>
    <annotate key="org.freedesktop.policykit.exec.path">/usr/sbin/gparted</annotate>
    <annotate key="org.freedesktop.policykit.exec.allow_gui">TRUE</annotate>
  </action>

</policyconfig>

  More actions can be added into the same file.

Hat tip to renegat at archlinux.org for compiling relevant excerpts from related LXDE and PolicyKit documentation that ultimately led me to using LXPolkit as the preferred solution.


Sizzle sound coming from speaker when its not used

This used to happen a lot with one of my Lenovo notebooks as well. The issue seems to be coming from a PulseAudio module. Fortunately it's not too difficult to fix. Here's how you can do it:

Open Terminal (if it's not already open)

Edit PulseAudio's default.pa file:
$ sudo vi /etc/pulse/default.pa

Note: You can replace vi with any other text editor that you prefer. This is more muscle memory than a suggestion that everyone use vi.

Search for the line containing module-suspend-on-idle. With vi it would be:
• ?
• Type: suspend
• Press Enter to exit "Find" mode

Add a # to the start of the line to comment the module out. This will give you something like this:
### Automatically suspend sinks/sources that become idle for too long
#load-module module-suspend-on-idle

Restart PulseAudio:
$ pulseaudio -k

This should solve the problem, as it has for me any my Lenovo W541.


mariadb-server-10.0 mariadb-server installation error. How do I fix?

I recently installed MariaDB. MariaDB is working now, but it was frustrating as it seemed that some obscure step was either "overlooked" by me or otherwise "missing". Unfortunately, I can't provide an answer beyond starting over.

There are a variety of websites which provide a step by step description for installing MariaDB. Surprisingly, using the MariaDB website for installing MariaDB did not go well for me. Maybe you will have better luck

If I remember correctly, this website (linuxbabe.com) Install Apache, MariaDB and PHP7 (LAMP Stack) on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS provided the most complete advice.

An additional website (which I don't believe that I used) by unixmen: How To Install LAMP Stack On Ubuntu 16.04

Prior to attempting again, make sure that all vestiges of PHP 5, Appache, PHPmyAdmin, and MySQL or MariaDB have been purged. (PHP 7 is now the default version.)  Additionally, avoid (as part of an initial install) adding the Launchpad repositories for MariaDB and PHP7. Once things work, you may want to add these repositories.

Also there is the usual advice, of backing-up and MySQL and/or MariaDB databases that you may have through mysqldump


If I am running Ubuntu off of a USB, can I upgrade to 16.04 directly from that USB?

No, it will not override, overwrite or affect your Windows on your laptop.

Explanation:

Your Usb Drive (a pendrive) is a separate device, i.e. a different drive.  It will be identified to the system as the next available letter, whereas your first and the main drive of your Laptop is your /dev/sda.  The next drive specification for your USB drive will be /dev/sdb.

You can choose which drive to boot to.  You can also choose or specify which drive for your OS installation.

Since you have already installed Ubuntu 15.10 on your USB drive (which is most likely /dev/sdb) an upgrade of that OS installation will be performed on that drive and that drive along.

While running and upgrade your grub, if you specify /dev/sda as your boot disk, when you boot your computer from the /dev/sda drive, it will boot Grub and have both Windows and Ubuntu as a boot option.  This doesn't affect the actual Windows installation.  You can always use a Windows disk to overwrite Grub.


What is the use of -U in the pip install command?

This option upgrades all packages. From man pip/INSTALL OPTIONS:

-U, --upgrade
          Upgrade all packages to  the  newest  available  version.   This
          process  is  recursive  regardless  of  whether  a dependency is
          already satisfied.

You might be interested in this Q&A: How can I get help on terminal commands?


Guides for installing Ubuntu 14.04 on a late 2012 iMac?

I guess the answer is that there isn't one. Will update this answer if one is released somewhere.


Is there something similar to system restore in Ubuntu

Only if you created that restore point yourself so the answer will be: NO.
For future usage: use Déjà Dup.

Déjà Dup is a simple — yet powerful — backup tool included with Ubuntu. It offers the power of rsync with incremental backups, encryption, scheduling, and support for remote services.
With Déjà Dup, you can quickly revert files to previous versions or restore missing files from a file manager window. It’s a graphical frontend to Duplicity, which itself uses rsync. It offers the power of rsync with a simple interface.

And always make a backup when altering files unless you can remember what you did ;)


Cannot chmode and chown on a ntfs usb drive

There are two things you usually need to do with NTFS drives (although I haven't installed 12.10, so haven't checked that version).

The mounting options must be correct for what you want to do.  I always specifically mount my drives using /etc/fstab, and specify where and how it gets mounted.  The flags that are important are the dmask and fmask, and setting the uid and gid.  I am the only user, so I set the uid and gid to my user name, the dmask to 002, and the fmask to 113.
You need to set the owner of the directory where the partition is mounted, which will be remembered next time.  You can do this before mounting the drive.


Openconnect XML response has no “auth” node and failed to obtain WebVPN cookie on Ubuntu 18.04

On my system, Ubuntu 18.04 did not support the old Openconnect VPN version 7.2. Upon updating it to version 8.2, this problem was solved.

For more details on VPN configurations, visit this website.


Actually they should appear in the Software Center, so that is an odd problem.

I guess a simple way around your problem would be to just install synaptic again, it's still in the repos:

Click to install

You also might want to update your Package- Lists and give the Software Center another try, but I doubt that it will make a difference.


You cannot safely downgrade packages in debian-based distros. You may remove and re-install any specific offending package, but this is likely to be a harrowing experience of dependency hell. If you want a complete 10.04 installation, the only good course is to reinstall 10.04.


rtl8822be on 18.04.1 (New Install on Lenovo Legion y530)

In /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf I added the line:
blacklist ideapad_laptop

and in the bios, I disabled secureboot in accordance with other similar posts I found online.

if you just want to test this as a solution, do:sudo rmmod ideapad_laptop

I think you will find networks are available immediately. This worked on Ubuntu 18.10


With the help of Ubuntu Launchpad, I managed to fix the issue - the problem was that in ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs, the path of my desktop automatically changed to my home folder. Try to edit the file and see what location points the XDG_DESKTOP_DIR constant to.


As APT say 404 not found it means that repository information is outdated. You can easily solve it by issuing this command on terminal:

sudo apt update

Now retry to install your package and the installation process would be smooth.


Concerning question #2, you can't -- at least, not easily. Ubuntu follows the Unix model of file placement, which is pretty rigid about where certain things go. For instance, user binaries (program files) almost always reside in /bin, /usr/bin, or /usr/local/bin, depending on what type of program they are. What's more, the package files that you install put the binaries in those locations, and moving them from their original locations is inadvisable because doing so would break the package system, complicating software updates.

What you can do is to mount different partitions at certain locations. For instance, you could have a separate partition for /usr or /usr/local to isolate binaries on their own partitions. This is most easily done when you install Ubuntu, though. It's also something that's not recommended for novices because you need to understand disk space needs, the rules for what can be split off into separate partitions, etc., and novices generally lack such expert-level knowledge.

Note that Linux's structured disk model is different from that in Windows, which has historically encouraged many different ways of using the disk, including more mixing of user and OS data. Some experienced Windows users have developed their own systems for organizing data, which might or might not translate well into the Unix/Linux world. Furthermore, Linux doesn't draw as much of a distinction between the initial OS installation and subsequently-installed applications as is the case in Windows, so isolating applications that you install yourself seldom makes much sense.

You don't say in your question why you want to put your applications on a separate partition. Depending on your needs, there may be ways to do what you want within the Unix/Linux model. For instance, some people split off /home into a separate partition. Because most user files go in subdirectories of /home, this has the effect of isolating user files from OS files, which can simplify backup and certain types of re-installation tasks.

Another complication in your case is that you did a WUBI install. WUBI installs Linux strangely, using a file in a Windows partition instead of a separate Linux partition. WUBI is being abandoned and is generally not a recommended way to install Linux any more.

Overall, I'd say you might be best off by wiping out WUBI, repartitioning the disk, and doing a conventional dual-boot installation. When you do this, do not use the Windows disk partitioner to create partition(s) for Ubuntu; just use it to shrink the Windows partition and leave free space for Ubuntu. Use the Ubuntu installer to create new partitions for Ubuntu.


Cannot Install Spotify Gnome Support/Dependency Problems

It's a bug in their Packages file:

Package: spotify-client-gnome-support
Version: 1:0.5.2.84.g6d797eb-1
Depends: gconf2 (>= 2.12), spotify-client-qt (= 1:0.5.2.84.g6d797eb-1)

-

Package: spotify-client-qt
Version: 1:0.6.2.291.gcccc1f5.116-1
Depends: libasound2 (>= 1.0.14), libc6 (>= 2.6), libqt4-dbus (>= 4.5.0), libqt4-webkit (>= 4.5.0), libqtcore4 (>= 4.5.0), libqtgui4 (>= 4.5.0), libstdc++6 (>= 4.0.0), libxss1 (>= 1:1.2.0), usbutils, libssl0.9.8
Recommends: libavcodec52, libavformat52

Look at the dependencies for 'spotify-client-gnome-support'. It says "spotify-client-qt (= 1:0.5.2.84.g6d797eb-1)", but the version that's installed is 1:0.6.2.291.gcccc1f5.116-1...

The line should be: "spotify-client-qt (>= 1:0.5.2.84.g6d797eb-1)"

You could create your own repository, or just don't install spotify-client-gnome-support... The latter worked for me ;-)

Edit:
Found this on their forums:
Mathieu Bérard 3 months ago
The functionality provided by spotify-client-gnome-support was integrated in spotify-client-qt with version 1:0.6.1.309.gb871a7d-1
You can just first remove spotify-client-gnome-support and then upgrade to spotify-client-qt 1:0.6.1.309.gb871a7d-1


Can I install Ubuntu in an HDD when I have Windows 10 in an SDD?

Whether you have a HDD or SSD is irrelevant.  You can follow any guide to install Ubuntu alongside Windows such as How do I install Ubuntu alongside a pre-installed Windows with UEFI?


how to download ubuntu 14.10 onto a passport usb drive

You need to follow the instructions in ubuntu site described here.
These instructions require installation of "Universal USB installer". Afterwards, you can create the bootable USB drive.

Alternatively you can use UNetbootin which does not require installation to your Windows 8.1 system. Just

Download Unetbootin
Run Executable
Browse to ISO file
Select USB drive
Press OK

EDIT: When clicking the link you download the USB installer executable. After downloading just double click the executable.


Ubuntu Gnome 14.04 Classic Desktop Missing

After googling much, I found that the panels at the top and bottom of the classic view are called gnome-panel. You can run gnome-panel to have them show up. Do Super(aka Start)-Alt-Right-click on them to add, remove panels, or to change properties. The same to add a feature to any given panel, The missing feature you are describing is probably the "Menu bar" item you can add. The task pane is called "Window list" - or you can choose "Window panel"
Another great component to add would be "Indicator applet complete"

It is nearly impossible to figure out how to remove or move what you've added. So here it is: Super(aka Start)-Alt-Right-click on a particular feature you've added, and you'll see a Move/Remove menu. Choose Move and then you can grab that item and move around.

Another useful tip I learned is that in any of those desktops you can run (Alt-F2) unity to add unity or gnome-panel to add that panel. So you can sort of combine things. Add your addition to the start-up items to make it permanent.


I have just met with the same problem and I have a solution.

My onboard keyboard was working until I went to play with the settings. In particular the settings regarding word suggestions

Launch "dconf Editor"
Applications -> System Tools -> dconf Editor

go to
org -> onboard -> typing assistance -> word-suggestions

untick the "enabled" checkbox and close dconf Editor.

onboard should start now.


0a5c:2100 Broadcom Corp. Bluetooth 2.0+eDR dongle not working

Open up a terminal from Applications -> Accessories. Type:

sudo gedit /etc/modules

At the bottom of the file, make two new lines, like this:

usbserial
option

Then close the editor program and save it. Reboot the computer and hopefully you’ll be right from now on!


How to use "apt-get" via "Http-proxy" like this?

To use apt-get through a proxy, either make a file in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/ called proxy or something that you'll recognise, or make (if it doesn't exist) /etc/apt/apt.conf and insert the following line:

Acquire::http::Proxy "http://username:password@proxy.server:port/";

Simply replace username and password with your login details, and replace proxy.server:port with the correct address (in your case, 10.114.7.7:80), so your line will end up something like this:

Acquire::http::Proxy "http://username:password@10.114.7.7:80";

If you're required to use the @ symbol in your username, you'll have to escape it with a backslash (username@urmia.ac.ir)

While escaping characters by using the backlash does not work (e.g. \@ in export and wget), special characters can be escaped with URL encoding. For instance, username:my@pass@server.com:port becomes username:my%40pass@server.com:port. See this list of URL-encoded characters for more information.


Tried out various options.
What worked:
lsmod | grep wacom
sudo rmmod wacom
sudo modprobe wacom

And reboot


Error in connecting CMake to FreeBASIC compiler. CMake Error: The source directory does not appear to contain CMakeLists.txt

To install the allegro development files:

sudo apt-get install liballegro5-dev

Then include the allegro headers in your source file.


Okay, after digging around I realized that it's because I'm using Chrubuntu, which uses the pre-existing kernel from ChromeOS, and doesn't boot with GRUB at all. So game over as far as regular installation ideas go.

Updates can be done via script, found on Superuser: ChrUbuntu (Acer): How to load kernel 3.8.0-16 instead 3.4.0?


File manager with extra columns for different file types

The Dolphin file manager provides some of the features you list.

From The Dolphin Handbook:

In all view modes Dolphin shows at least an icon and a name for each item. Using Additional Information in the View menu or the context menu of the header in Details mode, you can select more information for each item to be shown:

Size, Date, Type, Rating, Tags or Comment.

Depending on the file type, additionally, sorting criteria can be selected:
Document: Number of words and lines
Image: Size and orientation
Audio: Artist, album, duration and track

The Other submenu allows you to select Path, Link Destination, Copied From, Permissions, Owner* or User Group.

Like many other file managers, Dolphin's utility can be extended by means of context-menu additions. See Dolphin Service Menus for more.


How to fix screen tearing in Kubuntu with Nvidia graphics card?

I was able to fix my screen tearing on Kubuntu with export __GL_YIELD="USLEEP" as /etc/profile.d/kwin.sh like you have and GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nvidia-drm.modeset=1" with kernel parameters (and update grub!).

Have you tried this yet?


For old machines you can only install 32 bit version, since old CPUs are not able to work with 64 bit software.


Amazon EC2 : Authentication Failure after error sudo: must be setuid root

I think your sudo program doesn't have proper permissions.

Change the permissions

chmod 4755 /usr/bin/sudo


Is it possible to ruduce background network use when on mobile wifi hotspot

You can turn off automatic updates and checks for automatic updates by:

Open Software & Updates and on the Updates tab change Automatically check for updates to Never.

Also, disable any automatic backup services such as Google Drive, Ubuntu One, Dropbox, etc,.


Operation Not permitted when Logged in Using Admini

Open terminal:

Ctrl + Alt + t

cd to that directory

sudo su

Enter your password

tar xvzf filename.tar

This should work!


Can you mount SMB shares in Kubuntu like in Ubuntu?

Try using command line tools like smbmount. This will mount the dir, KDE or Gnome , you will always be able to mount. Eventually you can put it into /etc/fstab, but when starting up without network or connected to another network the mount will not succeed.


Can you find the program in the Dash or the side bar or doesn't it start when you click it?

If you open up the terminal and type the following you will get to the man page of the program with information about the usage:

man simple-scan

(There's also a link for it: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man1/simple-scan.1.html. For more info about man type man man in the terminal.)

If this doesn't work, let us know and give us more detailed info about what works and what doesn't.


unity launcher doesn't respond to mouse at the left side when the applications are fullscreen

It is a known bug. I haven't experienced it in Unity 2D, though, so if it bothers you, you can switch to Unity 2D for a while until it gets fixed. Unity 2D is nice as well. You can try it by clicking the button next to the password field before you log in.

It's a workaround, but there's little else to do for now. Remember to install upgrades often.


My pc is disconnecting automatic from wi-fi

Solved by replacing Network Manager with Wicd:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall wicd
sudo service network-manager stop
sudo apt-get remove --purge network-manager network-manager-gnome
sudo service wicd restart


Install problem for DWA-131 E on Linux generic 4.4.x (16.04)

Install the driver this way

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtl8192eu-dkms

This is the same driver packed and patched for Ubuntu.


the image may be password-protected. If this is the case I don't know if img2dmg is able to handle the situation.


How to turn off outgoing skype ringing sound?

Try changing it from Options>>Notifications>>Outgoing Call Ring


Go to Applications Menu (Start menu in Windows) -> Settings -> Settings Manager
Find Keyboard and click it.
Go to "Applications shortcuts" and click Add button, near the bottom of the window.
Don't worry about anything else, just type this in the "Command" field and hit OK.
Enter: xfce4-terminal
As soon as the "Command" dialog opens, hit Ctrl + Alt + t (or any other keyboard shortcut of your preference).

That's it. Close the keyboard window and you're done.


Problem opening a file without an extension

The Minecraft MultiMC package requires python-wxgtk2.8 as a dependency. To install python-wxgtk2.8, open the terminal (search for terminal in the Dash and click on the terminal icon) and type:

sudo apt-get install python-wxgtk2.8

python-wxgtk2.8 has been upgraded in Ubuntu 16.04 to python-wxgtk3.0

sudo apt-get install python-wxgtk3.0


I have no idea what drag-drop urls do. I would suggest you create a new file on your desktop with the extension .desktop. Then edit the file and put this in it:

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=<your name>
Type=Link
URL=https://<your url>
Icon=<this is optional>


Has 'Ubuntu Software' been renamed to 'Snap Store'?

There are two different software apps in Ubuntu 20.04, Software  and Snap Store  . The Snap Store and the Software app can be installed alongside each other without removing either app. If Ubuntu Software got removed in 20.04 it can be reinstalled by running sudo apt install gnome-software. If the snap-store is not currently installed it can be installed if by running sudo snap install snap-store.
All the apps in the Snap Store are snap packages. If you're searching for a snap package it's more convenient to search for it in the Snap Store, because sometimes the same app has two packages in Ubuntu Software, an apt package and a snap package, but the same app has only one snap package in the Snap Store. If you're searching for an apt package and don't want to use the terminal you may want to install the old Ubuntu Software app with sudo apt install gnome-software. When you install the gnome-software package in Ubuntu 20.04 it is named Software, and the app that was named Ubuntu Software in the default installation is renamed as Snap Store.
The Snap Store itself is a snap package, so it can be installed in any Linux distribution that supports snap packages without causing package management issues. snapd has been ported to a wide range of Linux distributions to enable snaps to be used across any Linux distribution, including Debian, Kali Linux, Raspbian, Fedora, CentOS, Arch Linux, Manjaro Linux, and openSUSE.

Snap Store


grub issues message at boot - "error - can't find command hwmatch"

To get rid of the error message, add this line to /etc/default/grub:
GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep

Source: #4 comment on https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2-signed/+bug/1840560
This will let a condition in the code get evaluated in such way that the codeblock referencing hwmatch gets bypassed.
As to how worrying is the missing command (or not): according to mook765's comment, it's part of only grub-pc, and not grub-efi, and is supposedly being referenced as a mistake in the case of a grub-efi install.
A voluntary remark on the countdown / menu:
Using
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=menu

instead of
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=countdown

would make the menu visible (while leaving the countdown feature (at the bottom of the screen) and automatic fallback selection intact).
Don't forget to run sudo update-grub after being done with the editing.


Run sudo apt-get remove google-chrome-stable in a terminal.


Neither suspend nor hibernate in 12.10 lubuntu - is there a workaround by scripts?

This is a duplicate question, I'll just send you in the right direction... I hope.

In Ubuntu 12.04 and newer, hibernation has been disabled by default in policykit.

Follow the indications posted here


Install acpi and acpi-support, if not already installed.

Go to /etc/acpi/events.
There should be a file named powerbtn (if not, make it). The contents of the file in my installation are:

# /etc/acpi/events/powerbtn
# This is called when the user presses the power button and calls
# /etc/acpi/powerbtn.sh for further processing.

# Optionally you can specify the placeholder %e. It will pass
# through the whole kernel event message to the program you've
# specified.

# We need to react on "button power.*" and "button/power.*" because
# of kernel changes.

event=button[ /]power
action=/etc/acpi/powerbtn.sh

You can associate an action with the powerbutton by editing the action variable in this file.
In my installation, the contents of /etc/acpi/powerbtn.sh are:

#!/bin/sh
# /etc/acpi/powerbtn.sh
# Initiates a shutdown when the power putton has been
# pressed.

[ -r /usr/share/acpi-support/power-funcs ] && . /usr/share/acpi-support/power-funcs

# getXuser gets the X user belonging to the display in $displaynum.
# If you want the foreground X user, use getXconsole!
getXuser() {
        user=`pinky -fw | awk '{ if ($2 == ":'$displaynum'" || $(NF) == ":'$displaynum'" ) { print $1; exit; } }'`
        if [ x"$user" = x"" ]; then
                startx=`pgrep -n startx`
                if [ x"$startx" != x"" ]; then
                        user=`ps -o user --no-headers $startx`
                fi
        fi
        if [ x"$user" != x"" ]; then
                userhome=`getent passwd $user | cut -d: -f6`
                export XAUTHORITY=$userhome/.Xauthority
        else
                export XAUTHORITY=""
        fi
        export XUSER=$user
}

# Skip if we just in the middle of resuming.
test -f /var/lock/acpisleep && exit 0

# If the current X console user is running a power management daemon that
# handles suspend/resume requests, let them handle policy This is effectively
# the same as 'acpi-support's '/usr/share/acpi-support/policy-funcs' file.

[ -r /usr/share/acpi-support/power-funcs ] && getXconsole
PMS="gnome-settings-daemon kpowersave xfce4-power-manager"
PMS="$PMS guidance-power-manager.py dalston-power-applet"

if pidof x $PMS > /dev/null; then
        exit
elif test "$XUSER" != "" && pidof dcopserver > /dev/null && test -x /usr/bin/dcop && /usr/bin/dcop --user $XUSER kded kded loadedModules | grep -q klaptopdaemon; then
        exit
elif test "$XUSER" != "" && test -x /usr/bin/qdbus; then
        kded4pid=$(pgrep -n -u $XUSER kded4)
        if test "$kded4pid" != ""; then
                dbusaddr=$(su - $XUSER -c "grep -z DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS /proc/$kded4pid/environ")
                if test "$dbusaddr" != "" && su - $XUSER -c "export $dbusaddr; qdbus org.kde.kded" | grep -q powerdevil; then
                        exit
                fi
        fi
fi

# If all else failed, just initiate a plain shutdown.
/sbin/shutdown -h now "Power button pressed"


This is a confirmed bug in mutter:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mutter/+bug/1899206
A fix has been released for 20.04 so try upgrading and checking the version:
sudo apt-get upgrade mutter
mutter --version


MariaDB: problems in installaation to Ubuntu 14.04

Make sure that only trusty entries are in /etc/apt/sources.list and the files in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/. You may use this default /etc/apt/sources.list:

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty universe
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty universe
deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates universe
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse
deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates multiverse
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Ubuntu's
## 'extras' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party
## developers who want to ship their latest software.
# deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main
# deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main

Then try

sudo apt-get remove mariadb-server
sudo apt-get install mariadb-server


If you leave out the path to the file then your shell is going to look for the command via the $PATH variable. The "." is the current directory, which provides a path to the file. Your options are:

Put the file inside a subdirectory like bin:

$ bin/filename.tcl

This is most likely not what you want. What you might want is to alter your $PATH to include the current directory.

$ PATH=$PATH:. filename.tcl

It's most likely not wise to export the current directory to the $PATH variable as it may cause some unexpected behavior. It may be better to export the full path to your bin directory. So for example if you were working at $HOME/my/code/bin/filename.tcl then you could add this to your .bashrc (or whatever shell config file you use)

export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/my/code/bin"

Then you should be able to run

filename.tcl

Without specifying the path to the directory.


How can I set sublime as default text editor for crontab?

The sequence to pick the editor by cron is following, the first one wins:

VISUAL environment variable
EDITOR environment variable
/usr/bin/editor

So set the VISUAL as sublime's path e.g.:

export VISUAL=/usr/bin/subl

Add this to your ~/.bashrc for permanent assignment.

For just one run, send VISUAL to crontab's environment:

VISUAL=/usr/bin/subl crontab -e


Bash is not working fine on Lubuntu 18.04

Remove all your PPAs and/or third party packages and try again. This is not a standard Ubuntu package.

The normal bash command is in /bin/bash. You should be able to run it if you call it with the full path. The package in question, /usr/bin/bash is something you installed, perhaps by mistake, and it is taking precedence for the which command, because /usr/bin appears in $PATH before /bin.

You can circumvent the issue by changing your PATH variable such that it lists /bin before /usr/bin.


How do I put a web application on the Launcher?

Ubuntu has this feature built in, see:

How do I use Ubuntu's web application integration?

You can also use the more traditional webapp integration approach:

Since these can be time consuming if you use a bunch of webapps I created a "Web Applications" folder that I keep these in because I need a place to hold the icon as well. I sync this folder with Ubuntu One so that on reinstalls or new computers I have my applications all ready to go with the high resolution icons.

In chromium-browser  or Google Chrome you can do this by going to the website you want to make into an application. Clicking on the Wrench icon and select, tools -> Create Application Shortcuts:

Then select Desktop to create a shortcut on your desktop:

You can also select "Applications Menu" in the create application shortcut, this will put it in the Dash for you, which is handy so you can use the search feature to launch the shortcut, however most web site's favicons don't scale very well so they look ugly. So instead I do this to pretty up the application:

Then move it to this "Web Applications" folder or wherever you want to keep it:

Download a snazzy version of the icon that is good looking. I recommend the Fluid group on Flickr. Download the icon to the folder, and then right click on the shortcut and select properties:

Drag and drop the nicer icon onto the shortcut's icon box, replacing the low resolution icon with the new one:

Drag and drop the new slick icon right onto the Launcher for the final effect:

And the final effect:


Canon MP280 All in One prints but scanner not recognized

I solved my own problem. I went to the Canon printer driver daily site at

http://www.launchpad.net/~michael-gruz/+archive/canon-trunk

and then added the PPA to my sources using the instructions there:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:michael-gruz/canon-trunk

I then updated my lists via sudo apt-get update. The OS then prompted me to install 4 new packages which I did and everything seems to be working now!


Run this :

sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoremove

Also seeing that your downloads folder is taking up a lot of space, delete everything you don't need in your downloads folder.

See how much disk space the above clears. If not very much, then run :

sudo du -sh ~

If this number is most of your storage being used, that is your files taking up most of your storage. Delete the files you do not need.


Adding a library file to an already existing debian package file .deb

If copying that particular library file in your installed system works, it should work too if you insert the library in your private deb package.

A debian package file is nothing but an archive of some files, with metadata about those files and some (optional) scripts that are executed when the files are copied over the system .i.e /.

Lets say, your system /usr/lib is this without the missing library say, necessary-lib.so

├── usr
│   ├── lib
│   │   ├── lib1.so
│   │   ├── lib2.so
│   │   ├── <missing lib necessary-lib.so>
│   │   ├── lib3.so

and copying the library file in /usr/lib/ worked.

Then you can extract the deb file and put the library file in usr/lib directory of the extracted files and repackage it.

How do you inject the library

First make a folder to extract the deb file

mkdir extracted

Then extract your deb file. I'm assuming its name is mypackage.deb.

dpkg-deb -R mypackage.deb extracted/

This will extract the package in extracted folder. There will be a folder named DEBIAN with some other folders like those ones in /. You should find a usr folder there and in that a lib folder. You'd copy your library file there.

The theory is, you'll copy the library file in the same location of the extracted folder assuming it as the root of your system. So, you'll copy it in extracted/usr/lib

cp necessary-lib.so extracted/usr/lib

Now, re-build the deb package using this command.

dpkg-deb -b extracted

It will create a new extracted.deb file. It's your new deb file. You should be able to install it on multiple systems now without having to copy the library file each time after installation.


How can I get DejaDup to ONLY backup to UbuntuOne?

In Deja Dup, you should be able to set your Backup Location to Ubuntu One, and then it'll only back up to there. Is that not working for you?


It looks like some Pygame dependencies are missing.

I'd suggest installing these packages:

libportmidi-dev - library for real-time MIDI input/output
libportmidi0 - library for real-time MIDI input/output
libavformat-dev - development files for libavformat
libavformat52 - ffmpeg file format library
libswscale-dev - development files for libswscale
libswscale0 - ffmpeg video scaling library

sudo apt-get install libportmidi-dev libportmidi0 libavformat-dev libavformat52 libswscale-dev libswscale0


Reverse two finger scroll direction (natural scrolling)?

First way: using GNOME Settings
I don’t know which version of Ubuntu you’re using, but in Ubuntu 13.04 to Ubuntu 20.04 (I guess), it’s possible via Mouse and Touchpad settings.
So first, open System Settings > Mouse and Touchpad. As seen in the screenshot below if there’s an option for content sticks to fingers, check it. Then the scrollbars will work in reverse direction. I recommend clicking the "Test Your Settings" button to try it out.

Second way: using DConf Editor
This is also accessible via DConf Editor as well. To install DConf Editor, run:
sudo apt-get install dconf-editor

Then go to org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.touchpad and check natural-scroll.

You can also set this option on the command line:
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.touchpad natural-scroll true


This is happen when you don't give the correct path for the script. You should use:

cd /path/to/script/
./filename

or only:

/path/to/script/filename

See also: What is a full path name?


I'll try to guide you as you understand everything. Download the installation image (all) here https://owncloud.com/download/. Then take the image extensions and search for tools. Okay, do we understand? Kind regatds ...


Is it safe to delete the older setup files of the Ext Pack of a VB after installing a new version of Ext Pack?

It's perfectly safe to delete the old versions of the files once the new version has been installed. The only exception would be if you wanted to roll back to an older version of VirtualBox, though that would entail installing it outside of the normal apt framework, so is quite unusual. Also all of the previous extension packs are still available on the Oracle download page.

I normally install the new extension pack using the --replace option to uninstall the old extension pack at the same time, like so (replace the extension pack name with the correct one):

vboxmanage extpack install --replace /path/to/Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.3.36-105129.vbox-extpack

I also make sure that this is the extpack used by virtualbox for VRDP connections with:

vboxmanage setproperty vrdeextpack "Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pack"

Though this final step may be unnecessary if completed for a previous extension pack.


My bash script depends on ffmpeg which was removed when I upgraded to 14.04. What to do?

The script I used is as below:

#!/bin/bash
ts=`date +%s`
ffmpeg -f video4linux2 -s vga -i /dev/video0 -vframes 3 Downloads/grab-$ts.%01d.jpg
exit 0  #important - has to exit with status 0

Some search suggested using avconv, so I replaced the ffmpeg with avconv and the script worked as before.

avconv -f video4linux2 -s vga -i /dev/video0 -vframes 3 Downloads/grab-$ts.%01d.jpg


How can i remove howdy from ubuntu 20.04

Dixith:
Can you try with apt-get remove command:
apt-get remove howdy

This command remove all howdy package except the configuration files.
If you want to delete the howdy package and the configuration files, you can do:
apt-get purge howdy


You could either sync them, or mount the files.

If you decide to sync them, you're going to have to distribute the files to each server.  Are the files updated frequently?  Are the updates large in size?  Will there be many, many servers in need of the files?  Depending on your end goal, there are a variety of solutions:

bittorent sync
rsync on filechange
ownCloud

If the files won't be changing frequently, or you want to be able to change/modify/write to files on both machines, you may want to mount the remote directory locally.  You could use sshfs and set up /etc/fstab for a more permanent solution.


You can try to use program called setxkbmap. Try to add this after run :

setxkbmap us

(Add this command to startup applications)

Where "us" is your prefered language... This should change your keyboard layout after you login.

You can also set keyboard switching for example with alt + shift:

setxkbmap -option grp:alt_shift_toggle cz,us

Where "cz,us" specify languages that will be switching.

Hope this help :)


Use local network while VPN'd into another network

This comment may answer the question:

  Indeed, so you've boiled your question down to: How can I use multiple
  DNS servers for queries? Turns out that isn't really possible (that I
  know of). So the alternate question is: How can I get one of the DNS
  servers to not return Not Found? The answer to that is to have the DNS
  server forward requests to other DNS servers before replying with Not
  Found.

– Huckle Feb 24 '12 at 22:59


How to make a shortcut to a folder on a remote NAS-drive?

You'll want to mount the folder. Assuming it's a Samba (Windows) share:

sudo apt-get install cifs-utils
cd ~/Desktop
mkdir nas
sudo mount //<IP of NAS>/<sharename> nas

The nas folder will now have the contents of your share. This question has been answered more thoroughly elsewhere, so if you have any more questions or issues spend some time Googling.


I am not sure why its crashed for you. Might be some application or H/W things didnt wakeup, when its call. Or system try to fetch data that already in very critical use.

here is some link that might be helpfull for you.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xserver-xorg-video-intel/+bug/723624
https://launchpadlibrarian.net/65090137/apport-gpu-error-intel.patch


How to transfer MySQL database from Windows to Ubuntu?

mysqldump is the general method to copy a database over.

Create a dump on windows:

mysqldump -u [USER] -p [DATABASE] > [BACKUP]

Copy the file over to Ubuntu and restore it in Ubuntu:

mysql -u [USER] -p [DATABASE] <./[BACKUP]

both commands are done from the shell (not from within MySQL).


Firefox wants to open everything with gvim!

By using " xdg-mime " you should be able to change the default application from browsers. Please look at this link for more info.

EDIT: I wrongly pasted some comments here (Thanks artfulrobot for pointing that). Removed them now. Please look at the link mentioned above for changing the application preference.


Is there a GNOME application with a GUI for verifying PGP signatures?


How can I use Metacity and its themes with Unity?

No, as you can see, all the calls, functions, etc. in Unity were dropped and uses GTK instead. If you need any metacity theme, I would recommend just finding a GTK equivalent or changing the window manager from Compiz to Metacity.


How to set pip3 working for python3.7, not python3.8

You can always use python -m pip ....

So, add an alias to your .bashrc:

alias pip3.7='python3.7 -m pip'

or

alias pip='python -m pip'


Why does additional driver tab not have an Nvidia driver to install?

You may have to install the driver from the terminal. before you install the nvidia driver make sure you have installed the linux-headers, otherwise it wont configure properley

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic

then install the nvidia driver

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

this should solve your problem.


If you maximize nautilus and then close it, the next time you open it, it will be maximized.  I think that is what you are asking.  Otherwise, please elaborate on what you are trying to accomplish.


Wifi/Driver problem with RTL8723BE in Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS

I finally solved it. I needed to add pcie=nomsi in the grub config, because apparently I had more pcie errors, and that was the solution.


Can't upgrade from Ubuntu 12.04 to 14.04 because of /tmp

It shows that your /tmp  is mounted as noexec, so try to mount it with exec option inorder to make your upgrade work.

  exec / noexec - Permit/Prevent the execution of binaries from the filesystem.

Open nautilus with superuserdo permissions.

sudo nautilus

Then open the  /etc/fstab file.
change the below line(/tmp entry on fstab for mine looks like this) from

tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777,nosuid,size=512M,noexec 0 0

to

tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777,nosuid,size=512M,exec 0 0

Note: Remove and replace noexec in the fourth column with exec.
Save that file and then restart your pc.Now try to upgarde your PC.


To make your server reliable, stable and suitable for the production environment you should choose LTS version of Ubuntu.

This will solve the FireBird problem as 14.04 and 16.04 LTS have firebird-2.5 packages.

Currently there are no PPAs with FireBird 2.5.

Also it is very likely that you can not compile 2.5 on Ubuntu 18.10 because of the newest dependencies..

So my advice is to switch to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and install FireBird 2.5 into it.


Let LVM+LUKS volume grow over new drive or RAID?

You can use cryptsetup to initialize a partition on the new disk as another LUKS volume ( you will now have to supply both passphrases at boot time to unlock ), and then use pvcreate to initialize the new LUKS device as an LVM physical volume.  Then vgextend to add that volume to the volume group, and finally you can use lvconvert to convert your existing logical volumes to raid0, which will stripe them between the two drives.  You probably will also want to use lvextend to increase the size of the logical volume, and resize2fs to expand the filesystem on it to use the additional space.


I was finally able to fix all of the above problems and run linux succesfully on this device.

The 'solution' is a bit tricky though:
I simply formatted my linux partition and installed it all over again, this time with Unity (instead of GNOME).
After installing I found that reboot/shutdown already worked and the touchpad seemed to be better too. I then installed the 4.4.2 kernel succesfully and all of a sudden wifi was working and so was suspending. From Unity I then installed GNOME and now I have a working Ubuntu install with GNOME.


Compare 2 cols; when 1st col > 2nd col, remove 2nd col

If your file can contain quoted embedded separators, then anything based on standard tools like sed or awk is going to be fragile - better to use a dedicated CSV parsing library.

One option is perl's Text::CSV module. For example, given

$ cat file.csv
foo,bar,baz,559,559
foo,field with spaces,baz,559,559
foo,"field with embedded, quoted separators",baz,2790,2790
foo,bar,baz,69,39
foo,bar,baz,149,159

then

$ perl -MText::CSV -lne '
  BEGIN{$p = Text::CSV->new()}
  @f = $p->fields() if $p->parse($_) or die "Failed to parse CSV";
  $n = $#f;
  splice @f,-1 if $f[$n] <= $f[$n-1];
  $p->print(*STDOUT,\@f)
' file.csv
foo,bar,baz,559
foo,"field with spaces",baz,559
foo,"field with embedded, quoted separators",baz,2790
foo,bar,baz,69
foo,bar,baz,149,159

Note that by default, the print method quotes fields that contain whitespace as well as those that contain the separator character - you can configure this at instantiation time by setting quote_space ex.:

  BEGIN{$p = Text::CSV->new({quote_space => 0})}

To make perl unicode-aware, you will likely need to add -CSDL. You can easily change it to compare other columns ex. splice @f,4 if $f[4] <= $f[3] (remembering that, in perl, arrays are zero-indexed).

I have a feeling that it should be much simpler to do using miller by conditionally puting an unset $[NF] however I was unable to make it work quite right.


Ethernet not working or even showing up. 14.04 LTS. Dell Inspirion E1505

I've had similar problems in the past. Often adding auto eth0 to the end of /etc/network/interfaces does the trick.


grep -oP 'Motherboard P/N           :   \K.*'

Explanation:

-o Print only matching part of the line
-P Use Perl-compatible regex (PCRE) - this enables more advanced regex features
\K Don't consider the preceding as part of the match.
.* Match zero or more of any character (except a newline)