I can't see Wifi networks. I have realtek wireless card, model: RTL8723BE

try rock.new_btcoex drivers if you find rtlwifi_new doesn't work.

same problem i've answered read datail instructions here

tested and works on both Ubuntu 16.04 and Linux Mint 18.
Good Luck!.


Ubuntu 18.04, 19.04 and 18.10, not able to boot after force shutdown

Lets start with the basics... checking your file system...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
open a terminal window
type sudo fdisk -l
identify the /dev/XXXX device name for your "Linux Filesystem"
type sudo fsck -f /dev/XXXX # replacing XXXX with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot


Why can't I send items to Trash even though Trash is empty?

The notice is based on the metadata file and not the actual content of the trash folder. Check for this file for the cache size (if you want):

~/.local/share/Trash/metadata

2 methods of getting rid of the notice:

Remove it and the system will create a new file when you delete a file as a user.
You can also edit the file and change size={number} to size=0


Cogwheel has dissapered from the menu bar (top-right corner)

Try with Unity Tweak tool, to see if it'll work.

It's available through Ubuntu software or sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool.

In the application go to Launcher / Panel / Show my name.


Cannot stop pulseaudio in ubuntu studio 18.04

I realized I wasn't seeing the ; prepending each line in /etc/pulseaudio/client.conf, which was commenting out the line. Uncommenting by removing ; before autospawn = no fixed it.


I noticed two problems here.

Two lines in the error log stood out to me:

SEVERE: Cannot find specified temporary folder at /var/lib/tomcat7/temp

and:

java.io.FileNotFoundException: /var/lib/tomcat7/conf/tomcat-users.xml (Permission denied)

Doing a bit of diagnosis with Lucio, I figured out that the tomcat-users.xml file was not owned by Tomcat, but instead root. Change the permissions to the proper ones by running the command:

sudo chown tomcat7:tomcat7 /var/lib/tomcat7/conf/tomcat-users.xml

Also, create the folder /var/lib/tomcat7/temp with tomcat permissions, like so:

sudo mkdir /var/lib/tomcat7/temp && sudo chown -R tomcat7:tomcat7 /var/lib/tomcat7/temp

Finally, fixing the logs should be done by making /var/lib/tomcat7/logs owned by the tomcat7 user/group. The /var/log/tomcat7/ should also be owned by the tomcat7 user AND group.


What does "LDS" stand for in the openstack reference implementation?

LDS stands for "Landscape Dedicated Server". From landscape.ubuntu.com:

  The Landscape systems management tool helps you monitor, manage and update your entire Ubuntu infrastructure from a single interface. Part of Canonical’s Ubuntu Advantage support service, Landscape brings you intuitive systems management tools combined with world-class support.

See also:

LDS release notes
Ubuntu Enterprise Summit on LDS


Wifi disconnects due to "idling" on college wifi

How long does the connection last?  I'll assume it's 5 minutes.  5 times 60 seconds is 300 seconds.  A little less than that would be 250 seconds, so, using the IP address of Google's servers, open a command window and type:

ping -i 250 8.8.8.8

or

ping -i 250 8.8.4.4

Just leave the window open while you're working at school and you won't be disconnected IF a ping is enough activity.  If you need an http request, you can run wget or curl from a chron job to download a (hopefully small) web page, maybe from your college web site.  It might be more polite to ping a college IP address than Google, but if you set the timeout long enough it won't matter much.


You don't.  Not only is Plymouth an integral part of Ubuntu, but xsplash was removed from the archive.

Plymouth is more than simply eye candy to look at during boot.  It multiplexes console access among multiple startup tasks that may need user attention.  This functionality is required to use upstart and thus, get faster boot times.


If anything, I'd say 64-bit will be slower, since it uses more RAM in general. Unless you need some program that only runs on 64-bit systems, stay with 32-bit. If you had closer to 4GB RAM, I'd recommend 64-bit, but the combination of the slow processor and low RAM, it might not work out well.

Of course, since Ubuntu is easy to install, you could try a 64-bit version out and see what happens. Who knows? Maybe it'll end up being faster. In general, though, unless you have 4GB+ RAM, stay on 32-bit.


Having a problem to send message to gmail from our mail server

Sounds like your IP address was being used by a spammer before and Google blacklisted it, or that your system is sending email too quickly. I would follow the recommendations listed at http://www.google.com/mail/help/bulk_mail.html as they mentioned.


Ok, so from the ifconfig output your problem is that you did not set up your LAN.

You can see in the last block that you have an IP address for your wifi (192.168.8.171). You LAN (section enp1s0) does not have that. That means your network is not configured. You have not IP address, so I can not work.

You need to Create a new network connection, provide DHCP or Manual Setup and data possibly data like IP address, Network Mask, DNS Server and Gateway address.

Network Configuration in Ubuntu is a very basic task that can be done from the GUI. You will need information from your Unviversity about the Parameters to use, likely DHCP, but I would not know.
There are excellent descriptions including pictured of the dialogs and what to put where, imho it would not be useful to reitereate it here in full length. As they are plenty of sources, please consider looking up the Ubuntu users guide, wiki or Youtube tutorials on "Ubuntu LAN Setup" or "Ubuntu Ehternet setup". I am almost sure your university will provide to How-To sections on how to configure the network, maybe thats you best bet because it will give your the correct parameters as well.

Hope it helps.


ROOT_MISMATCH in syncdaemon.log - This normally indicates that there may be two Ubuntu One accounts, one in the local cache and another setup in the keyring. This happens if the user installed Ubuntu One with one account and then sets up the computer again with a different account (but all the old Ubuntu One files in ~/.local/share/ubuntuone are still there under the old account). Working around this:

Open Applications->Accessories->Terminal and run:

u1sdtool -q; killall ubuntuone-login ubuntuone-preferences;
sudo rm -rf ~/.local/share/ubuntuone
rm -rf ~/.cache/ubuntuone
rm -rf ~/.config/ubuntuone
mv ~/Ubuntu\ One/ ~/Ubuntu\ One_old/

Open Applications->Accessories->Passwords and Encryption Keys, go to the Passwords tab, delete the Ubuntu One and Desktopcouch tokens by right-clicking on them and selecting "Delete".

Back in a terminal session, run:

u1sdtool -q; killall ubuntuone-login; u1sdtool -c

To get things functioning again, all I had to do was delete my ~/.local/share/ubuntuone directory as indicated above. The u1sdtool line noted above did nothing for me.  I mention this just so you do not stop prematurely.  Hope this helps.


Bridging Amazon EC2 With Netplan (18.04)

Try this... enter the same MAC in both places... use ip a or ifconfig to get MAC address...

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    ens5:
      match:
        macaddress: xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
      set-name: ens5
  bridges:
    br0:
      dhcp4: true
      macaddress: xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
      interfaces:
        - ens5

sudo netplan --debug generate

sudo netplan apply

reboot


No there is no way to access your alredy installed ubuntu partition while on windows.

For simultaneously running both OS, you need to install ubuntu (or windows if host os is ubuntu) in some virtual machine like vmware or virtualbox.


why postgresql-9.4 has no installation candidate

postgresql-9.4 has been updated to postgresql-9.5 in the default Ubuntu 16.04 repositories. To install it open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install postgresql-9.5

postgresql-9.x has been updated to postgresql-9.6 in the default Ubuntu 17.04 and 17.10 repositories. postgresql-9.x has been updated to postgresql-10 in the default Ubuntu 18.04 repositories.


OSError: [Errno 101] Network is unreachable

In case of broadcast, you should not use TCP rather you should use UDP. Then again you need to use sendto()  method instead of connect(). sendto() is used to send data to a certain address which is the "broadcast" address in our case. So the following should work:

import socket
message = "Hello"
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_BROADCAST, 1)
s.sendto(message, ('<broadcast>', 50000))


Show Ubuntu operating system details in Dell 15 3521 laptop

You don't need any additional software to know your system properties.
To find out ram amount you can open terminal by alt+t and type:

free -m

and then pressing enter. to find out other information you can use other commands.
To view all information about your system in terminal you can also install neofetch
by:

sudo apt install neofetch

and running it by:

neofetch

To find out latest Ubuntu OS you should know that each year there is 2 Ubuntu releases;one in 4th and the other in 10th month of the year. Currently latest Ubuntu release is 19.04 .


Do I need to change "OS Optimized defaults" to install Ubuntu as my only OS?

You probably won't notice any difference in loading the OS Optimized Defaults and it won't make any difference during installation. There is one consideration about the UEFI.  From the Ideapad 330s-151K manual
How can I change the boot mode? (on select models)
There are two boot modes: UEFI and Legacy Support. To change the boot mode, start the BIOS
setup utility and set boot mode to UEFI or Legacy Support on the boot menu.
When do I need to change the boot mode? (on select models)
The default boot mode for your computer is UEFI mode. If you need to install a legacy Windows
operating system on your computer, you must change the boot mode to Legacy Support. The
legacy Windows operating system cannot be installed if you don't change the boot mode.

I would not select UEFI even though you're not planning to keep Windows 10. I'd go with the Legacy setting and avoid UEFI because I'm not convinced of its worth.
Good luck.


I have a problem about updating in terminal

Well, firstly you gave a general link to the http://ppa.launchpad.net site as opposed to the specific one I am sure you meant to.

However, easy fix.

When I run into a PPA and I can't get the PUBKEY, I wrote a little something, or borrowed, it, I don't remember, and I even made it an alias to throw it into my .bashrc so I can simply hit a few letters.

Here is the code.

alias pubkey="for i in `sudo aptitude update 2>&1 | grep NO_PUBKEY | awk '{print $NF;}'`; do sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys $i; done"

As you can see, it searches for missing pubkeys and then sends off to the keyservers at ubuntu to update your system witht hem.  Trust me, run this and you will be alright.

Throw that into your .bashrc, then type source .bashrc and finally pubkey and all your worries are over.

Just make sure you have aptitude installed first, just a quick sudo apt-get install aptitude and you will be fine.


It seems like you don't have enough space for the new Linux Kernel, so you have to delete the old one.

First, run this command:

dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d'

This will show you what packages will be removed. Make sure your current kernel version is not in that list. Run uname -a to see what your kernel version is.

Next, run this command to remove each of them using dpkg --remove. You could also just copy the name in the first section before the dpkg --remove command.

dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d' | xargs dpkg --remove

Finally, you will be able to run sudo apt-get -f install.


If you really means non-GUI, try sysbench. You can install it by run in terminal

sudo apt-get install sysbench

Run man sysbench for the man page.


Password dialog doesn't work on lock screen 14.04

This is a known "bug"

you can do the following workaround :

ctrl  + Alt +F1 to switch to VT1

enter your username and password and run

unity --replace

switch back using:

ctrl  + Alt +F7

Sometimes the top bar disappeared which can be resolved using :

compiz --replace

Also a simple unity will restart your unity...

For me this works, but I heard from others, that they couldn't see the top bar using compiz --replace


Log location for failed Webmin login attempts?

If you have apache2 running on the system, check /var/log/apache2/access.log ?  I usually get ping records from that log and it was beneficial for me.

People would would "generally" able to access your host would be port :80  :443  :21  :20  :22, I believe.  So, check your http engine log (like apache2); ftp access log; and syslog/ssh.  Maybe that direction would give you more insight in find out about unauthorized attempts.


Can't launch Google Chrome in Ubuntu 14.04

Correct the ownership, assuming frank is your username:

chown -R frank:frank /home/frank

and the permissions for all folders:

find /home/frank -type d -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 775

775 - These are the default permissions when you create a new folder.


Ubuntu 15.10 with Windows XP on VirtualBox

You're using a VirtualBox NAT network. Your network is already NATting to the Internet, so you don't need to do this.

To make VirtualBox present your VM to the LAN as a normal everyday computer, in the Network settings, choose "Bridged Adapter" and bind it to your real PC's ethernet card. This way the VM is seen on the LAN as a "real" computer and will receive an IP address like any normal PC.

And yes, upgrade yourself to Ubuntu 15.10.


Looks like you have two Win 7 installations. one in sda 2 & other in sda 3. i would recommend you should format the sda 3 partition.


Try turning off your sound device (click on volume control, click sound preferences, and then go the hardware tab, click the device, and choose off).

Then press alt+f2, and type gksu alsa force-reload.
This should reload your audio.
Now turn back on the device (Set it to the previous choice before you turned it off).


CPU constantly near 100% and computer overheating after upgrade to 18.04

This seemed to have been caused by a gdm bug that was creating a duplicate Xorg process. I switched to lightdm and the problem went away.

Step 1: Install lightdm if it isn't installed on your machine

In the terminal, type

sudo apt install lightdm

Then enter your password

Step 2: Switch from GDM for lightdm (this will change how your login screen appears)

In the terminal, type

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

Then select lightdm in the menu that appears using the arrow keys


not detecting wireless card in ubuntu 13.04 lenovo g580 laptop

Please get a temporary wired ethernet connection and open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get install linux-firmware
sudo modprobe brcmsmac

Detach the ethernet. Is your wireless working now? If not, check the log for clues:

dmesg | grep -e wl -e brcm


I just stumbled across the answer...

man rsync
--ignore-existing       skip updating files that exist on receiver


systemd: how to make sure a service is started only after another service is up and running

If we first take systemd, I think it's better if you address the interface directly. Devices in the dev and sysfs tree are exposed to systemd and can be used to make dependencies to other units.
Start by masking the original startup script.
systemctl mask --now rinetd.service

With an instantiated .service, e.g., rinetd-daemon@.service, you can start one or several instances if needed, if we were, to have more than one device (provided rinetd can bind to several interfaces).
[Unit]
Description=Rinetd connection forwarding service (%I)
  After=sys-subsystem-net-devices-%i.device
BindsTo=sys-subsystem-net-devices-%i.device

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/rinetd
PIDFile=/var/run/rinetd.pid
ExecReload=kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=sys-subsystem-net-devices-%i.device

You can then instantiate the service together with a device name:
systemctl enable --now rinetd-daemon@tun0.service


1/ Add server to /etc/hosts. This means that you can still find the server if there is a DNS failure.

2/ Install the software you need

sudo apt-get install portmap nis

You will be asked for the name of your NIS domain. Enter the name of your NIS domain. If you entered wrongly or want to change the defaultdomain of NIS change it in the file /etc/defaultdomain

robotics

For example, robotics is the name of my NIS server. Remember this parameter is case sensitive. It is probably a good idea to then add a portmap line to /etc/hosts.allow for security reasons:

portmap : <NIS server IP address>

Where "NIS server IP address" is the IP address of the NIS server.

3/ Set up name services to use NIS:

Edit /etc/passwd to add a line at the end saying:

+::::::

Edit /etc/group to add a line at the end saying:

+:::

Edit /etc/shadow to add a line at the end saying:

+::::::::

This sets up those services to include NIS entries if a match isn't found in the file. You could change other services to use NIS by using the NIS service in /etc/nsswitch.conf, but these are the important ones.

4/ Edit /etc/yp.conf and add the line:

ypserver 123.45.67.89

ypserver 987.65.43.21

Where 123.45.67.89 and 987.65.43.21 are the NIS servers.

5/ Restart NIS:

/etc/init.d/nis restart

+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Source : NIS Config


For other readers:  fstab (all lowercase) stands for File System TABle, and is a file located in directory /etc (short for etcetera), so its path and name together are /etc/fstab.  This is a text file, so easily read and changed with a text editor like gedit or nano, two of the most popular, because they are easy to work with.

Each line in /etc/fstab has a purpose.  They identify the device, by designation or UUID, its mount point, its type, its options (separated by commas), dump, and pass.  The lines below the labels are one device per line.  Spaces between fields are necessary, but the number can vary, do the fields do not necessarily line up under the column headers.  They just have to be in the right order, from left to right.

To change the contents, you have to have root privileges.  This means using the sudo command.  Research that one online if you want more info on  how to use it.  For more details on what you can do with /etc/fstab, do a
search on fstab options.  Internet search with a search engine like google or bing and look for fstab options.  For what uid= is or does, I searched myself using fstab uid and found this linK:  https://superuser.com/questions/430707/how-do-i-configure-fstab-so-that-a-partition-can-be-used-by-different-users-simu

For your information, uid is short for UserID.  If it is there, it gives ownership of that device to one person,  If you had a gid= instead, it gives ownership of that device to one group and members of that group.  A gid=1000 makes more sense than uid=1000.  Getting rid of both means anybody that logs in can access the device,  But every folder and file has its own permissions settings, which still keeps your preserved content from being seen or used by others unless that is what you want.

However, you are not completely out of the woods.  If someone gets sudo rights, can log in as root, or access your data from another install or boot process, say from a LiveCD or attached USB drive, they can access these devices via their own versions of /etc/fstab and root privileges.

To prevent this from ever happening, some people use encryption as a means of blinding others from getting into their own account's files. I say blind rather than block, because they are still all there.  You just can't make out what they say or do unless you have the decryption key to unravel the encryption process.

But what if you forget or lose the decryption key?  And of course there is a counter key, which is the encryption key.  You need both. Although with a simple binary method like XORing or switching the bits/bytes/words/quads around in a reverse direction way of doing things, the same key can serve both purposes.

What does a key look like?  It's any string of characters that does not repeat itself over and over.  It could be a quotation, a passage from the Bible, a poem, even a long irrational numbered sequence.  Like PI, but that particular one is probably overused.  But there are other ones. Take the constant e for instance.  This is an irrational number that is part of our natural world and has been calculated out to an incredible number of places.  Here is a page on the internet where it has been carried out to 1,000 places:  http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/HistTopics/e_10000.html.

Now suppose you searched for PI out to 1,000 places which you can find here:  http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/HistTopics/1000_places.html.

Now suppose you mingled one set of digits with the other set of digits and come up with something entirely different from what either was originally.  You could alternate picking a digit, add digits in the same column alignment together and follow that with "casting out nines", meaning add any carry back in.  4 plus 7 equals 11, so you,add 1 plus 1 and get 2.  That becomes the new digit for that position.

PI begins with 3, and e begins with 2, so what if these were taken as offsets into either or both tables?  After a few twists like this, the chances anybody would stumble on your method of coming up with a super long key would be greatly diminished. And all you have to do is collect both tables as files, run them through a program that works one against the other with rules that you devise, then stores the results where you alone know this is your encryption/decryption key.  Entering the key when you need it is just a matter of editing the file, doing a Select All, then a copy and paste into the encryption/decryption process.  If the 1,000 pr so digits is too much, cur off the excess at the beginning or the end.  Just as long as you commit the method of creating the key to memory, you can always do it again and again and get the same results.

Going from /etc/fstab to encryption/decryption seems like a huge leap, but it's all about increased vulnerability and what you can do to fight it  No encryption or decryption method is beyond reverse engineering, especially when done in computer code, but the matter of key generation can be beyond the vision and ability of anyone, unless they uncover your method of how you pick and link your sources for it together.


How do you sucessfuly use the uninstaller for Ubuntu?

Just delete the ubuntu partition from within Windows then fix MBR using windows repair disk or instsller.

Here is a tutorial for your need.


Try:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall lightdm ubuntu-desktop


16.04 ubuntu single sign on 'wrong e-mail or password'

This is a bug caused by the newest version of snapd.

You can work around the problem by opening a terminal and logging in with sudo snap login instead.


Screenshot+upload software for Ubuntu 18.04

You can use flameshot. It uploads images to imgur and returns the URL.

Flameshot is a powerful open source screenshot and annotation tool for Linux. It has a varied set of editing tools available, including:

Freehand drawing
Lines
Arrows
Boxes
Circles
Highlighting
Blur

You can customise the color, size and/or thickness of many of these image annotation tools. It is directly available in 18.04 from the universe/graphics repository.


Occasionally I lose write access to the OS partition and need to fsck it in recovery mode. Why is this happening?

Given this is an SSD (on a platter drive I'd say it was an impending media failure): it's most likely due to an error in the file system that isn't being fully repaired by fsck.  Best recommendation I can give is to copy all your data and OS partitions to another device (or clone the drive), then recreate your partitions and restore your OS and data.  You will have to update your fstab to reflect the new UUID for each volume after doing this.

Once done, assuming your SSD isn't failing at the hardware level, you should be fixed up.


If you just want to try out the different distros I would advise to run them in a virtual machine (eg. virtualbox). you can install the os and try it out and when you don't need it just remove the machine and it is all gone. afterward you can always decide to install the distro on the hardware.


I have found a workaround and will mark this as Solved.

In order to achieve my whole objective I have to use a proprietary piece of s/w which requires windows so I've already got a VirtualBox to run this. I therefore added libreoffice and links to the shared folders of the remote machine so I can now achieve the whole operation using the VB.

Does'nt explain why I can't do the editing form Ubuntu but hey life's short.


Unable to set the right version of java on Ubuntu 14.10

You should use the alternatives: a way that Ubuntu offers to support multiple versions of a software.

After you've installed the Oracle JDK, tell it to the alternatives:

sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_40/bin/java" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_40/bin/javac" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_40/bin/javaws" 1

After install, select the default alternatives:

sudo update-alternatives --config java
sudo update-alternatives --config javac
sudo update-alternatives --config javaws

And then you can select in a list which alternative to use.

WebUpd8 PPA

WebUpd8 is a popular Ubuntu website and they keep a lot of really useful PPAs. Their Java PPA is great, because due the Oracle EULA, Oracle Java cannot be redistributed, but the PPA runs a JDK installer (similar to the flash-installer approach).

This PPA is oftenly updated and has even Java 9. So, you can always keep your Java automatically updated and properly configured.

To add the PPA and install Java8 from there:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer


The app is installed in

/opt/telegram/

and the binary is

/opt/telegram/Telegram

To start the messenger via command line, you have to use the full path or add the path to your PATH definition or create a symbolic link in /usr/bin:

Use the PATH

Edit the file ~/.profile

nano ~/.profile

and add the line below at the end of the file

export PATH="$PATH:/opt/telegram"

OR

Use a symbolic link

sudo ln -s /opt/telegram/Telegram /usr/local/bin

You have a desktop file:

/usr/share/applications/telegram.desktop

and therefore use the command below

cp /usr/share/applications/telegram.desktop ~/.config/autostart

to create an autostart entry via command line.

Why do I know that?

% dpkg -L telegram
/.
/usr
/usr/share
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/doc/telegram
/usr/share/doc/telegram/copyright
/usr/share/doc/telegram/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/applications
/usr/share/applications/telegram.desktop
/opt
/opt/telegram
/opt/telegram/telegram.tar.xz
/opt/telegram/telegram.svg

 % cat /usr/share/applications/telegram.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Name=Telegram
Exec=/opt/telegram/Telegram
Comment=Network taking back our right to privacy.
Icon=/opt/telegram/telegram.svg
Categories=GNOME;GTK;Network;


My user got deleted unistalling python3.6

As Thomas Ward pointed out, removing Python 2 or 3 entirely will completely break your system. Ubuntu relies on both of these for A LOT of the system that runs both at boot, while using and other times. Even reinstalling the Python version you removed will not work (as you cannot replace ALL the files that are removed).
You have two options:
-Boot into an Ubuntu live USB, and copy over the /usr, /home Python portions and other important folders that contain any Python related content. This doesn't often work.
-Completely reinstall Ubuntu, but back up all of your stuff before doing so.


./configure bash:No such file or directory

So, this mean that there is no configure file: No such file or directory.

You should try:

chmod +x setup.py
./setup.py

instead of ./configure.


Nvidia drivers (graphics) are working for 13.04.
You will find what you need here


Flight mode is turned ON and I am unable to turn it off

Based on your hardware information you may follow this post.
Also, have you tried sudo rfkill unblock all?
If that works, I would suggest marking this question as duplicate.


No operating system detected at boot, how can I retrieve my data?

Backup Your Data before Trying Anything, this includes inserting the hard drive into a working pc and copying everything. Take no risks
Before trying any recovery methods try to get into a recovery console. Recovery Mode. Another option is Boot Repair Remember to backup. Accessing a root terminal or a recovery desktop session will be by far the easiest method.
These commands will work in recovery mode or in a live cd terminal
If home is missing it is likely not mounted. To mount it run these commands.
First find out which partition you need to mount
sudo fdisk -l

This will list the available hard drive partitions on your computer. They will be in list /dev/sda1, /dev/sda2 etc. sda is for the first hard drive, sdb will be the second. If you hard drives are IDE it will list /dev/hda1, /dev/hda2 etc.
You will need to identify your home partition from this list, it should be easy using the size and filesystem type.
Now you can attempt to mount your partition with
sudo mount /dev/sda<Insert Your Partition Number Here> /mount/data

You have have to create the /mount/data directory. Navigate to the /mount/data directory and see if you can view your files.
If you cannot view your data it is encrypted and you will have to be use your encrypt paraphrase to decrypt it. Be warned - from the ecryptfs FAQ:

Q. I forgot my password/lost my key! What can I do to recover my data?
Nothing; you're screwed. (Apologies to Bruce Schneier).
If you have forgotten your passphrase, your only hope is that you chose a weak passphrase in the first place. There is an outside chance that you might be able to perform a successful dictionary attack to recover your passphrase. If you > manage to recover your passphrase that way, then you may as well have not been bothering to encrypt your data in the first place, since a malicious attacker could have done the exact same thing to recover your passphrase.
If you selected a strong passphrase or lost your key file, you are completely out of luck. Nobody can help you recover your data.

If you know your paraphrase you can save your data by first installing the ecruptfs utils
sudo apt-get install ecryptfs-utils

Then use the command to mount your data
mount -t ecryptfs -o key=passphrase:passphrase_passwd="<Your Paraphrase Here>" /mount/data /mount/decrypted

Again you may have to create the /mount/decrypted directory. If this succeeds and you entered the correct paraphrase your data will be readable in /mount/decrypted


Finding package name of installed software

In Ubuntu you can easily find GUI programs that you installed from the Ubuntu Software Center by searching for them in the Dash as you mentioned in your question, but if you can't open the Dash or if the program you installed was not a GUI program, you can also find the executable file for the program from the terminal.

Typing the name of the application in the terminal will usually open the application for you.
If that doesn't work you can find the package name of an application, if you have it installed, from the terminal using dpkg -l | grep <substitute-search-term-here> and then open it by typing its package name. For example, to find the package name of Chromium if you have it installed type:

dpkg -l | grep chromium

...which will return results including:

ii  chromium-browser
Chromium browser

The package name of Chromium browser is chromium-browser, so to open Chromium from the terminal you would type: chromium-browser

The dpkg -l | grep chromium command doesn't work for applications that have a completely different package name like the Files application in Ubuntu which is provided by the nautilus package. In this case run the following command:

locate -b '.desktop' | xargs grep -ls '^Name.*=Files$' | xargs grep '^Exec.*'

The application name Files in the above command is case sensitive, and so is any other application name that you replace it with.

If you know only the name of a file from an installed package, you can find the name of the package that installed it using this command:

dpkg-query -S <filename>


unable to start mysql - start: Unable to connect to Upstart: Failed to connect to socket /com/ubuntu/upstart: Connection refused

I am not sure about such commands, but usually after installing a package, it is needed to register service, like

sudo systemctl enable mysql

and then start it

sudo systemctl start mysql

check if it has been started ok

sudo systemctl status mysql

If something went wrong, you'll see the last error.


Copy & Paste between terminal(s) and application windows in i3

Some terminals use CTRL+SHIFT+C and CTRL+SHIFT+V to copy and paste, while others use CTRL+ALT+C and CTRL+ALT+V, like urxvt (See https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Rxvt-unicode#Cut_and_paste ).

For i3wm, try using a clipboard manager, like clipit.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install clipit

Add exec --no-startup-id clipit to ~/.i3/config to start it automatically.


Dark textures on Intel HD 3000 Sandy Bridge in games via Wine

Try updating graphics drivers, which is done by adding PPA repository. Most popular is Xorg-edgers, but this sometimes breaks system, because it influences on many components. I rather use OIBAF updated video drivers, which only updates graphics https://launchpad.net/~oibaf/+archive/graphics-drivers/ Read here more. And don't forget installing S3TC (libtxc-dxtn0), to use "patented" textures comression (this might be problem with black or missing textures)


If you read the description of the package you will learn why:

apt-cache show apache2

  Description-en: Apache HTTP Server
   The Apache Software Foundation's goal is to build a secure, efficient and
   extensible HTTP server as standards-compliant open source software. The
   result has long been the number one web server on the Internet.

  This package contains the configuration files, init scripts and support
   scripts. It does not install the actual apache2 binaries.

On the other hand, maybe some of the packages you have installed that are not related to apache2 sources needs an specific version of apache, holding back the upgrade. Apache packages are upgraded and has the same blob version whenever they are built but in they doesn't need to have the same version to work (you can check using apt-cache depends package, through is recommendable to have the same version).

You may check with apt-cache policy 'apache2*' if your system really doesn't have the last version of all apache package installed and then check which of them are hold back.


Changing name of keymap in Indicator Applet

Check this post http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=3507927

  I finally found the solution. Edit the file /etc/X11/xkb/rules/xorg.xml . Around line 3164 (in my standard installation) replace all ocurances of USA with Eng. Voila, the keyboard indicator switches from Eng to Deu to Chi, the languages I use. No more USA!


Make a backup of the installed packages on Ubuntu like Linux Mint

Aptik

After seeing the various answers here (and not disagreeing with any of them) it strikes me that you asked for simplicity. In my comment, I linked to an application called Aptik and I'm going to show you why I think this meets your criteria best.

Aptik is simple to install and trivially easy to use. It is also a handy dandy GUI (Graphical User Interface) that has easy to use buttons and requires absolutely no real advanced knowledge. If you can click on a button with your mouse then you can install Aptik.

If you'd like to try read more about Aptik then you can click here and visit their home page. I'm not actually sure what good that will do. Their home page doesn't seem to have a whole lot of information.

It is Simple and it Does Work!

Not only does it do what you asked, it does a bit more. I think a screen shot should be fairly self-explanatory.

How to Install Aptik

Open your terminal by pressing CTRL+ALT+T.
Copy and Paste this to the terminal:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:teejee2008/ppa

Press ENTER
Enter your password. Nothing will show on your screen, the cursor will not move, no asterisks will appear - this is normal behaviour.
Copy and paste this to your terminal:

sudo apt-get update

Press ENTER.
Copy and paste this to your terminal:

sudo apt-get install aptik

Press ENTER.
Allow the application to install and follow any on-screen prompts.

Running Aptik

If your computer is anything like mine then Aptik should magically appear in the Start menu. In my case, it appears under System Tools. Your case is probably not like mine. Open the launcher and search for aptik. If, for some peculiar reason, Aptik is not available then it can be launched from the terminal (use above commands) by running sudo aptik-launcher.

If, for some even stranger reason, you want to go ahead and run the application from the terminal, entirely, you can do that too but you're on your own. For the sake of completeness, this is a list of commands.

Aptik v1.6.4 by Tony George (teejee2008@gmail.com)

Syntax: aptik [options]

Options:

  --list-available      List available packages
  --list-installed      List installed packages
  --list-top            List top-level installed packages
  --list-{manual|extra} List top-level packages installed by user
  --list-default        List default packages for linux distribution
  --list-ppa            List PPAs
  --list-themes         List themes in /usr/share/themes
  --list-icons          List icon themes in /usr/share/icons
  --backup-ppa          Backup list of PPAs
  --backup-packages     Backup list of manual and installed packages
  --backup-cache        Backup downloaded packages from APT cache
  --backup-themes       Backup themes from /usr/share/themes
  --backup-icons        Backup icons from /usr/share/icons
  --restore-ppa         Restore PPAs from file 'ppa.list'
  --restore-packages    Restore packages from file 'packages.list'
  --restore-cache       Restore downloaded packages to APT cache
  --restore-themes      Restore themes to /usr/share/themes
  --restore-icons       Restore icons to /usr/share/icons
  --take-ownership      Take ownership of files in your home directory
 --backup-dir          Backup directory (defaults to current directory)
  --[show-]desc         Show package description if available
  --yes                 Assume Yes for all prompts
  --h[elp]              Show all options

Closure

Regardless of which method you choose, this has been included to ensure that there's a nice, simple, GUI way to do this. There are many ways to accomplish things in Linux and it is always nice to have options.


How to configure a NFS mounting in fstab?

A typical /etc/fstab entry for a NFS mount looks like as follows:

192.168.0.216:/mnt/HDD1    /media/freenas/    nfs    defaults    0 0

The options you supply looks pretty much default, but you can add those as well:

192.168.0.216:/mnt/HDD1    /media/freenas/    nfs    defaults,proto=tcp,port=2049    0 0


Missing evolution mail and chat icons from panel in oneric ocelot

Its worth checking that you have the evolution and empathy indicators installed:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall evolution-indicator indicator-messages

Logout and login for the changes to take effect.


Why do I get that error from a CRON job?

There are various problems with your cron entry and your script.

First, your format for the cron fields (indicating time of execution) are wrong, you're using double commas and they should be single. Also, if you want this to run every 10 minutes, it's easier to do this:

*/10 * * * *

Next, the script part. Properly formatted, your script looks like this:

cd /home/jon/FTB/FTBnew
RUNNING=grep minecraft
if [ -n "$RUNNING" ] ;then
 end
else Bash ServerStart.sh

grep minecraft lacks a parameter, and the syntax to assign the result of a command to a variable is wrong, it should be something like:

RUNNING=`ps waux | grep minecraft`

but even that is not entirely correct, this is just an example.

Next, if the condition for the if is met, you want to execute an "end" command which does not exist.

After that, the else clause also specifies a non-existent command (it would be bash in any case, not Bash).

Finally, the if clause is not properly terminated, so it definitely won't work.

What you're trying to do is relatively straightforward, so even if you're just beginning with cron and shell scripting it will be easy, but I suggest you read some documentation first, so you can understand what you have to do, and have a document to refer to in case you need a quick refresher on how these commands work. If after reading this you're still having trouble, you're welcome to ask for comments and help.

First, a tutorial on how to use cron:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CronHowto

Then a bash programming tutorial:
http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Bash-Prog-Intro-HOWTO.html


How to install Windows 7 inside Oracle Virtualbox

The only safe way to install Windows 7 in Virtual Box is to use an installation CD (or a CD image).

Depending on your licence it may allow you to use the Windows licence from your PC for the virtual machine, provided you do not have installed Windows outside the virtual machine. If you have such a license you will be able to install Windows from any other installation CD. You will not need the physical data from your recovery partition.

As in theory it is possible to bind a hard drive as raw disk to Virtual Box (see the Virtual Box manual on how to do this) this may not be a good idea when it comes to data security. In addition to that it is very doubtful that if you booted your recovery partition or recovery CD it will install anywhere else but the machine it was built for.


Laptop powers down for no apparent reason

Your laptop's crashes could be caused by several possible reasons. I will discuss one possible reason, overheating, in this answer. Overheating is an easy problem to detect. You can continually monitor your computer's hardware temperatures using an application from the Ubuntu Software Center called Psensor.
Install Psensor. Also install lm-sensors to detect your computer's hardware sensors. Then detect your computer's hardware sensors by opening the terminal and running the command:
sudo sensors-detect

Then you will get asked a lot of questions about what hardware you want the program to detect. It is generally safe and recommended to accept the default answers to all questions, unless you know what you're doing.
In Ubuntu 16.04 and later Psensor detect your computer's hardware sensors automatically without running sudo sensors-detect
Psensor is displayed on the desktop as a little thermometer icon in the notification area in the upper right-hand corner of the desktop. You can right-click the thermometer icon at any time to display the hardware temperatures. As a general guideline, a hardware temperature of 60o C is hot. A hardware temperature of 70o C and above is too hot, and could cause your system to crash.


Copy paste to a similar question I just answered. I use this method exactly for the same reason you said, since it's the only way I can connect my Android phone to the net:

I use this script described in this post to create a hotspot in my Ubuntu server:

http://www.webupd8.org/2013/06/how-to-set-up-wireless-hotspot-access.html

Basically, it helps you create a hotspot. You'll need to have two interfaces in the computer you want to use, one connected to the internet, and the serving the hotspot.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ap-hotspot

When it's installed, run:

sudo ap-hotspot configure

It will ask you a few questions (internet interface, wireless interface to create the access point, password) and then the hotspot can be run and stopped with:

sudo ap-hotspot start
sudo ap-hotspot stop

Note than this script automates the process of creating the hotspot, which can be done manually installing and configuring dns-masq and hostapd, but the result is the same.


I would try pressing any other key that's not one of the f* keys when the small logo appears at the bottom of the screen during the boot process.  That's the way to access the advanced boot options in the Ubuntu DVD.
For more details on this go to the Boot Options page.


how to install OS in pandrive and run on any pc or laptop?

Installing Ubuntu to a Flash Drive via Startup Disk Creator

Note: Back up ALL data from your Flash Drive before proceeding!

Insert your Ubuntu CD and restart your computer, booting from the Live CD
Insert a 1GB or larger USB flash drive
Navigate to System > Administration > Startup Disk Creator

Select your Flash Drive from Disk to use
Choose to Erase Disk (Make sure you have backed up any important data first)

Select the partition related to your Flash Drive
For Persistence, select the option Stored in reserved extra space and adjust the slider to desired capacity
Click the Make Startup Disk button

A bar appears to indicate the progress of the install. Once the installation is complete, remove the CD, restart your computer and set your Boot Menu or System BIOS to boot from your USB device
Done


Display became too big for the screen after upgrading to Ubuntu 16.04

I'm a complete noob when it comes to Ubuntu but after 2 weeks of troubleshooting using xrandr, nvidia-settings, and dozens of .conf files I found out that a program named Bumblebee was blacklisting Nvidia drivers in the bumblebee.conf.
All I did was type in sudo apt-get purge bumblebee and as I was expecting a black screen again, it loaded in full resolution.
EDIT: If the screen freezes then press Ctrl+Alt+F1 and type in your login credentials in the black screen and type in reboot
I found my solution here: Trying to figure out what happened with lightdm and Xorg


Windows 8 won't boot after installing Ubuntu, 'device format invalid'

Well I have the same problem. It's not that easy to make Windows 8 dual-bootable with another OS. This should help you (Answer 1). But you have to re-install Windows to do that, and that's where the next problem came up for me: Trying to install Win8 from DVD, the installer doesn't recognize partitions any more... I think formatting the Windows Partition (C, in most cases) could be a solution, but I don't know how to do that in Ubuntu.


First installation and failed to install grub-pc, how to solve this?

One possible reason comes to my mind - so called "Virus protection" present in some BIOSes. This feature basically locks down MBR from overwriting.

If you've never changed bootloader on this PC before, look into the CMOS Setup whether this feature isn't enabled (it may be called otherwise than "virus protection" - look for keywords: lock, boot, MBR or Master Boot Record and check out the manual for your motherboard).


Compatibility of Ubuntu 20.04 for i5 4th gen laptop processor

Ubuntu would work on your computer, but may be your graphic card would make it laggy, better to use Xubuntu, is like Ubuntu, but only with XFCE, (You can install Ubuntu and if the OS is laggy, do sudo apt install xfce-desktop)


How to start different Desktop Environments?

At the login screen you can choose the environment at the bottom of the screen after you've typed/selected your user name


How To Create Multi Style Button in GTK3 Python

A GtkButton derives from a GtkContainer so it can contain any other widget actually. Just use the add() method to add a GtkBox widget for the layout and labels and an icon inside that.

Here's a very quick recreation in Glade, if you can't figure it out with pure Python code I'll give you an example when I have some more time.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- Generated with glade 3.16.1 -->
<interface>
  <requires lib="gtk+" version="3.10"/>
  <object class="GtkButton" id="button1">
    <property name="visible">True</property>
    <property name="can_focus">True</property>
    <property name="receives_default">True</property>
    <child>
      <object class="GtkBox" id="box1">
        <property name="visible">True</property>
        <property name="can_focus">False</property>
        <property name="spacing">8</property>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkImage" id="image1">
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">False</property>
            <property name="icon_name">gtk-dialog-error</property>
            <property name="icon_size">6</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="expand">False</property>
            <property name="fill">True</property>
            <property name="position">0</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkBox" id="box2">
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">False</property>
            <property name="valign">center</property>
            <property name="orientation">vertical</property>
            <property name="spacing">4</property>
            <child>
              <object class="GtkLabel" id="label1">
                <property name="visible">True</property>
                <property name="can_focus">False</property>
                <property name="xalign">0</property>
                <property name="label" translatable="yes">0 - Introduction</property>
                <attributes>
                  <attribute name="weight" value="bold"/>
                </attributes>
              </object>
              <packing>
                <property name="expand">False</property>
                <property name="fill">True</property>
                <property name="position">0</property>
              </packing>
            </child>
            <child>
              <object class="GtkLabel" id="label2">
                <property name="visible">True</property>
                <property name="can_focus">False</property>
                <property name="xalign">0</property>
                <property name="label" translatable="yes">Learn how to type correctly</property>
                <property name="ellipsize">start</property>
              </object>
              <packing>
                <property name="expand">False</property>
                <property name="fill">True</property>
                <property name="position">1</property>
              </packing>
            </child>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="expand">False</property>
            <property name="fill">True</property>
            <property name="position">1</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
      </object>
    </child>
  </object>
</interface>


It looks like your basename program has gone missing: you should be able to restore it by reinstalling the coreutils package, either from Software Center or from the terminal using

sudo apt-get install --reinstall coreutils


I'm unable to find /usr/share/plymouth/themes/

You can create the folder with the following command:

sudo mkdir -p /usr/share/plymouth/themes

On the second thought, /lib/plymouth/themes/ may be what you need.

Make a backup of it before customizing with

sudo cp -r /lib/plymouth/themes /lib/plymouth/themes-backup


Displaying notifications on top-right of primary monitor

Maybe you can achieve this with Notify OSD Configurator. I think in your case the positioning (Dynamic/Fixed) will be the thing you need to change.


change the window resize mouse button for kubuntu-desktop

KDE System Settings > Window Behavior > Window Actions tab, Inner Window, Titlebar & Frame


Is it possible to see a log of all terminal output that occurred after running a command?

The output is not logged as matter of course. If it's out of your buffer (ie you have the window open still and can scroll back up), or you've closed the terminal, it's gone. Sorry.

In the future, there are a couple of techniques for logging entire bash sessions.


SMART says disk failure is imminent due to bad blocks, what do I need to do?

BACKUP immediately. Your hard drive is failing, consider it done. Don't waste any time or your data may become unrecoverable. There is no way of compensating for that huge amount of failing sectors.


How to reinstall the kernel with a crippled OS?

Thanks for the comments about looking at the logs to see what was removed. It showed the previous kernels were removed indeed, and also the extra package for the current kernel. I still needed to reinstall a current kernel. So I booted from a USB live distro, mounted the encrypted partition where the home folder was, downloaded the latest kernel for this version along with extras, copied the 2 .deb on the local drive, rebooted and issued a dpkg -i on the debs. It installed everything, I rebooted and it's all back to normal.


Find the number of files for each extension in a directory

find "$path" -type f | sed -e '/.*\/[^\/]*\.[^\/]*$/!s/.*/(none)/' -e 's/.*\.//' | LC_COLLATE=C sort | uniq -c

Explanation:

find "$path" -type f get a recursive listing of all the files on the "$path" folder.
sed -e '/.*\/[^\/]*\.[^\/]*$/!s/.*/(none)/' -e 's/.*\.//' regular expressions:

/.*\/[^\/]*\.[^\/]*$/!s/.*/(none)/ replace all the files without extension by (none).
s/.*\.// get the extension of the remaining files.

LC_COLLATE=C sort sort the result, keeping the symbols at the top.
uniq -c count the number of repeated entries.


How to increase VB resolution? (Ubuntu host, Windows 7 guest.)

The reason I had this problem was because the VM was in windowed mode. It turns out that the larger screen resolutions only appear in the control panel when you have actually resized the VM window to a large enough size for the resolution. So,  I put the VM into full screen mode,  and the larger screen resolutions promptly appeared in the control panel.  I hope this will be useful to others too.


Is there any non-UI SOAP-UI client for Linux, or something similar?

Found a guide for this here, which does load tests.

For normal functional tests, the official documentation is here.

A sample command for functional tests goes like:

  sh /opt/app/home/SOAP-UI/SoapUI-5.0.0/bin/testrunner.sh -a -s"Test_Suite2" -r -f/opt/app/home/SOAP-UI/test-project/reports/ /opt/app/home/SOAP-UI/test-project/test-soapui-project.xml


I would recommend using the stock Desktop Sharing App, for which you need a VNC Client from https://www.realvnc.com/download/viewer/ .

The VNC viewer is also available as a Chrome App, and is a handy little feature.

But, the major problem is that one needs to know about firewall settings, and of course port forwarding.

So, the other alternative is TeamViewer, which is often used by many people. You can use it for linux, but also, don't forget to install wine

Also, though I haven't tested, install wine and then install join.me in wine

If you don't know wine is an Windows emulator program.


How can I make my tftp server visible/available on my local network?

Since you have only INPUT rules, which means you only accept incoming traffic from port 69 but you have traffic going out aswell, that means you need to ACCEPT outgoing traffic aswell.

sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 69 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 69 -j ACCEPT


Cell protection is available in Format -> Cells... -> Cell Protection. Check that "Protected" has a tick.

You can see in the side note that Cell protection is only effective after the sheet has been protected. To protect sheet, go to Tools -> Protect Document -> Sheet.


Why can't I browse internet while downloading torrent or updates?

Maybe this is because downloading torrents/packages uses all of your download bandwidth. You can try to investigate this by limiting the download/upload speed in yout bittorrent client. In the Transmission client you can find this in the menus via Edit -> Preferences -> Speed.

See the answer to This question for information on how to throttle the bandwidth usage of apt, the package manangement software.


Trying to install Steam, getting "Package 'steam:i386' has no installation candidate" error

I do not have enough reputation to comment so I'm posting an answer :

Please try to use apt-get.
First, add the repository multiverse : sudo add-apt-repository multiverse
Second, install : sudo apt-get install steam

EDIT : If you have error message about i386, then you should run :

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt-get update


Ubuntu 20.04.1 systemd-resolved error NXDOMAIN

This error means the DNS server could not resolve the domain. It generally means that your local dns setup sends queries about local domains (.local, .lan, .home, ...) to remode dns servers.
In my case, I had configured "Domains=" (with my local search domain) in /etc/systemd/resolved.conf, but no "DNS=" (leaving this to DHCP), which is wrong. When the dns server is provided by dhcp, the search domain has to be provided the same way.


The disk you have got damaged.

You can try to save the data from it by running fsck on the partition (according to your post this would be ntfsfix /dev/sda2, with ntfsfix being the "fsck for Windows").

Answer any question that appears (you most probably need to accept / press Enter everywhere).

After this mount it as you wanted the first time, and pray that your files will be intact.


How can I remove Ubuntu from my system and install the Windows bootloader?

You can either boot into Windows (you seem to have an existing installation) and install EasyBCD (free for non-commercial use) to fix the bootloader, or boot with the Windows install disc, which gives you an option to repair the bootloader as well.


How To uninstall Ubuntu 13.10 from pc having no other OS and Install Windows 8.1?

If you have Windows-8.1 installation disc with you format the ubuntu partition using  ntfs with it.

After that install windows-8 on that partition. May be if you can clarify me more like

1.Which drive got formatted.

2.Installed via WUBI installer or direct etc

Then I can help you more

Also if u need 3 OS then you need to have 3 partitions in your hard-drive Every partition for separate OS.

If you don't Want to do it then It can also be done in 2 partitions Install Ubuntu Inside  windows via WUBI installer.


Delete the app icon theme cache

sudo rm /usr/share/app-install/icon-theme.cache

Restart Software center
Not solved yet, purge its package (let it remove software center & ubuntu-desktop meta pacakge)

sudo apt-get purge app-install-data

Install it back (this is for Ubuntu/Unity, choose your corresponding one)

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

Start software center


Bad md5 hash for package https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/scikit-image/scikit-image-0.11.2.tar.gz

Removing Pip cache

rm -rf ~/.pip/cache/
sudo rm -rf /root/.pip/cache

Or just run pip without using the cache:

--no-cache-dir

Source

Bad Pip?

Which version of pip are you running?

pip --version
pip 1.5.4 from /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (python 2.7)

Upgrade pip

sudo pip install --upgrade pip

Bad Internet/MitM?

I've just downloaded the file and verified:

9a2118cc4d18c038a7d22e3ce0141309  scikit-image-0.11.2.tar.gz

Which means you didn't download the complete file, the correct file, or something is specifically injecting a bad file.


Clone a remote server to local machine via ssh

I just had to run it with -t option on ssh.

The right command is

ssh -t "ybala"@emweb.com 'sudo dd if=/dev/sda | gzip -c | cat' > law.img.gz


Here is the configuration file for my Eduroam file (identity deleted). It works at my university and at others (in the UK).

[ipv6]
method=auto

[connection]
id=eduroam
uuid=b6ab9322-075c-4ca1-96a3-6c0262c644bb
type=802-11-wireless
timestamp=1461166416

[802-11-wireless-security]
key-mgmt=wpa-eap

[802-11-wireless]
ssid=eduroam
mode=infrastructure
mac-address=blahblah
seen-bssids=blahblah
security=802-11-wireless-security

[802-1x]
eap=ttls;
identity=blahblah
phase2-auth=mschapv2
password-flags=1

[ipv4]
method=auto

As you can see, there are several differences. You can try changing the IPv6 configuration method to auto, use no certificate, and changing the authentication protocol (eap) to ttls.


What is the difference between `root ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL` and `root ALL=(ALL) ALL`?

While the sudoers manpage can be a bit initmidating, there are examples given which help clarify things:

 dgb     boulder = (operator) /bin/ls, (root) /bin/kill, /usr/bin/lprm

  Then user dgb is now allowed to run /bin/ls as operator, but /bin/kill
  and /usr/bin/lprm as root.

  We can extend this to allow dgb to run /bin/ls with either the user or
  group set to operator:

 dgb     boulder = (operator : operator) /bin/ls, (root) /bin/kill,\
         /usr/bin/lprm

We can infer that, given a sudoers line of the form:

A B = (C:D) E

D refers to the groups that can be used.

So the third ALL specifies that the user has can run the command under any group.

If the (ALL) is specified instead of (ALL:ALL), then sudo cannot be used with -g by that user for those commands:

Runas_Spec
  A Runas_Spec determines the user and/or the group that a command may
  be run as.             ...  The second defines a list of groups that
  can be specified via `sudo`'s `-g` option.  If both Runas_Lists are
  specified, the command may be run with any combination of users and
  groups listed in their respective Runas_Lists. If only the first is
  specified, the command may be run as any user in the list but no `-g`
  option may be specified.

(The examples above come from the same section.)


If you convert it to 3.0 (native), then the quilt patches won't be applied.

You could apply them buy using dh $@ --with quilt, if the package uses dh, or manually calling the patch and unpatch commands during the build.


You can use the free program teamviewer, http://www.teamviewer.com/, it doesn't need a static ip, you can access your computer from your browser and the connection is encrypted. If you use compiz effects you do have to turn them off, because else you won't be able to do anything.


How to make only windows from active desktop visible when in "Activities"?

Are you sure it isn't the known bug #844881.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-shell/+bug/844881

When you go to Activities or press the [Windows]-button only applications from the current workspace should be visible. If some windows are displayed overlayed you are a victim of the obove described bug.

The only thing you can do then is press [Alt]+[F2] and type in r to restart Gnome Shell.


You need to add a function wrapper as follows.

default  partial alphanumeric_keys modifier_keys
xkb_symbols "custom" {

key <UP> {
    type= "PC_CONTROL_LEVEL2",
    symbols[Group1]= [ Up, NoSymbol ],
    actions[Group1] = [NoAction(), RedirectKey(key=<PGUP>, clearMods=Control)] };
key <DOWN> {
    type= "PC_CONTROL_LEVEL2",
    symbols[Group1]= [ Down, NoSymbol ],
    actions[Group1] = [NoAction(), RedirectKey(key=<PGDN>, clearMods=Control)] };
key <LEFT> {
    type= "PC_CONTROL_LEVEL2",
    symbols[Group1]=  [ Left, NoSymbol ],
    actions[Group1] = [NoAction(), RedirectKey(key=<PGUP>)] };
key <RGHT> {
    type= "PC_CONTROL_LEVEL2",
    symbols[Group1]= [ Right, NoSymbol ],
    actions[Group1] = [NoAction(), RedirectKey(key=<PGDN>)] };
};


Triple boot: Ubuntu 14.04 , 16.04 and Windows 10

There shouldn't be. You will have to create a new partition on your hard drive to select when installing Ubuntu, but aside from that, the installation should be pretty painless.

You can use Gparted to resize an existing partition and to create a new ext4 one for Ubuntu 14.04.

In the installation, choose the Something Else... option when prompted and choose the new partition to install to.


Ubuntu One is not a backup solution, but a file syncing software. Therefore, if you delete a file from your local device, it will delete it from the servers too.

Aditionally, there is no support for syncing folders outside of your profile on windows.

So, Ubuntu One doesn't seem to be the right tool for your situation.

There are, however, workarounds for both problems: you may sync a backup of your data. backup to a folder, then sync that one.


I have managed to make a virtual machine by doing the following

Create a Virtual Machine with a large HDD (500GB was enough for me).
Install Ubuntu server 12.04 (matching my remote server).
run this command ssh user@remoteserverip "dd if=/dev/sda" | dd of=/backup/ubuntu.bin it will make a copy of sda and save it to the virtual machine.
After the ubuntu.bin is fully downloaded to the virtual machine, install virtualbox using the following command sudo apt-get install virtualbox.
Run this command VBoxManage convertdd /backup/ubuntu.bin /backup/ubuntu.vdi --format VDI it will convert the image to a virtual hard disk.
Download ubunti.vdi form the virtual machine to the host computer, the host was a windows system so I used WinSCP to download the file.
Start a new virtual machine using the ubuntu.vdi file and you should be a running virtual machine of your remote server.


no wireless on aspire one d257 ubuntu 12.04

Try this.  just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

Also you may want to take a look at  WifiDocs/Driver/bcm43xx


How to compile and run c++ program from Kate editor using build tool?

Lets say we have hello.cpp as our example c++ file. you can run through kate by pressing "F4" and writing the below commands.
g++ hello.cpp -o hello
./hello


Screen flickering and not displaying terminal text properly

Update
I resolved this issue by downgrading Linux kernel to 5.8.0-25-generic.

I'm experiencing this problem since today. I think it is maybe related to memory usage and it occurs more when memory is in higher load. But why it is happening now? Maybe some package update caused that.
OS: Ubuntu 20.10
Kernel: 5.8.0-50-generic
Graphic: Intel HD Graphics 4600


install windows after installing ubuntu and kali?

yes you can install windows 7 on the unallocated space. Once you do that the Windows bootloader MIGHT recognize Ubuntu and add it as an option. Otherwise you can reinstall GRUB to the MBR by booting using the live cd and running  sudo grub-install /dev/sda


I want to use torify with youtube-dl but it gives me an error

The packaging system says:

walt@bat:~(0)$ apt-cache search torsocks
tor - anonymizing overlay network for TCP
torsocks - use SOCKS-friendly applications with Tor
walt@bat:~(0)$

So, assuming you're using Ubuntu,

dpkg -l torsocks

will show you if it's installed;

sudo apt install torsocks

will install torsocks;

dpkg -L torsocks

will list the directories and files in the package.


Bad interpreter: no such file or directory

You have unsupported line breaks, likely from a Windows text editor.  The easiest way to fix this is to install dos2unix and convert the file:

apt-get install dos2unix
dos2unix -n load.sh newload.sh


I think i found something similar, a person with the same problem as you asked this question a while ago. Check it out here: KDE theme in Ubuntu Unity , if it helps.

Enjoy Ubuntu!


How to partition a Advanced Disk HDD properly using Gparted or similar

I found this info from Western Digital, reading through it the kernel should support the drive without any problems - I suggest you have a good read through the site and also have a read of the article on Kernel.Org.


No background/wallpaper in Ubuntu 12.04 - what to do?

After a long time and update to 12.10 I finally solved my probelm - in Ubuntu 12.10 to solve it I had to just... set a different wallpaper. Aparently I had empty wallpaper set or sth.


Could not find default node or by name with 'com name' on node 'com name'?

I imagine you're using puppet master / slave. This is a message from the puppet master when a node can't find it's definition in side.pp.


"Failed to activate service 'org.freedesktop.Avahi'" how to get rid of this message?

dbus[991]: [system] Failed to activate service 'org.freedesktop.Avahi': timed out

This means that it failed to connect to the service since it's not running. The 30 seconds you spend waiting is not because the service is starting, is because another process expects the service to be running when dbus tries to access the key. If you want to really stop Avahi you should instead remove the package:

sudo apt-get remove avahi-daemon

There isn't a sane way to deactivate the daemon without messing with other networking services.


How to add information indicators to a Launcher icon from a script?

This is for Python, perhaps something can be found for another language..

From the update-manager source, UnitySupport.py:

You need to:

from gi.repository import Dbusmenu, Unity

to get Unity support.

You can then define a function:

def set_launcher_icon_num(self, num_count):
    self._unity.set_property("count", num_count)
    if num_count > 0:
        self._unity.set_property("count-visible", True)
    else:
        self._unity.set_property("count-visible", False)

Also, to show urgency(shake the icon),

self._unity.set_property("urgent", urgent)

or to create a progressbar,

self._unity.set_property("progress", progress/100.0)

where progress is from 0 to 100. You can then use:

self._unity.set_property("progress_visible", True)

to show the progressbar and use False instead of True to hide it.

As always, searching the source of a program that does what you are trying to do can be worthwhile.

These are subject to change at anytime. You can also see the Unity API.


How to change partitions on Ubuntu virtual machine?

You need to connect your VM with the iso of a live CD - the file you can download. I assume you are not using a GUI-Tool (like virt-manager ), so you will have to do it from the command line.

You can use virsh to get an XML file of the VM config (I called my VM qemu1)

virsh dumpxml qemu1 > qemu1-config.xml

Now edit that file, look for something like

<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
  <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
  <target dev='hdc' bus='ide' tray='open'/>
  <readonly/>
  <alias name='ide0-1-0'/>
  <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='1' target='0' unit='0'/>
</disk>

and replace it with

<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
  <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
  <source file='/media/data/isos/gparted-live-0.13.0-1.iso'/>
  <target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/>
  <readonly/>
  <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='1' target='0' unit='0'/>
</disk>

The important points are

adapt the paths and file names
the line <source file=.../> contains the iso-file
the line <target .../> should not contain tray open now

And now you put the new settings into effect with

virsh define qemu1-config.xml

The VM will need a restart.


Kompare can do this (and is the best GUI diff-viewer IMO):

./whatchanged package_name | kompare -

Note the '-' given as the input file argument. Most *nix programs have this interface to accept piped input, so you can probably use whichever one you like.


Slow performance compared to Ubuntu Live - USB 3 drive

You can use this link and links from it to use boot options and in this case try nomodeset,

Boot options
A persistent live setup is limited to 4 GB if you use a 'casper-rw' file, but you can use a partition with the label 'casper-rw', and then you are only limited by the size of the USB drive. You can even use an SSD or hard disk drive for it, but there are USB 3 pendrives, that are fast and big enough. You can use mkusb to create persistent live systems automatically with a 'casper-rw' partition. See the following links and and links from them.

mkusb

Speed and size of USB drives
But the best solution would be to make the installed system work well. Let us hope someone will chip in and help you with the AMD Radeon R270 card.


Steam Counter Strike 1.6 Linux beta with optimus (optirun/primusrun)

After few hours I found it. You need to add game root path to the LD_LIBRARY_PATH:

cd ~/.steam/steam/SteamApps/common/Half-Life/ &&
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=~/.steam/steam/ubuntu12_32:~/.steam/steam/SteamApps/common/Half-Life/ &&
primusrun ./hl_linux -game cstrike -console -dev -numericping -noipx

Also you need to be running Steam before you run the game.

Plus if you want to disable vertical sync you need to run

export vblank_mode=0

before running the game. So this is full bash script:

#!/bin/bash
export vblank_mode=0
cd ~/.steam/steam/SteamApps/common/Half-Life/ && export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=~/.steam/steam/ubuntu12_32:~/.steam/steam/SteamApps/common/Half-Life/ && primusrun ./hl_linux -game cstrike -nosync


Download the Skype Installation Package (a Debian package) from the Skype website http://www.skype.com/en/download-skype/skype-for-linux/ and install that on your computer. I install it with GDEBI PACKAGE INSTALLER.  Hope it works!


Adding a virtual screen to xorg.conf 11.04 (third display over vnc)

There is a vnc module for X that can be installed which will provide the native :0 X display when connecting remotely with the vncviewer.

Install the "vnc4server" package (universe). This will provide "/usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libvnc.so" (The vnc.so module for VNC 4.1.2 was changed from vnc.so to libvnc.so.)
Add "vnc" to the Module section in /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Section "Module"
    ...
    Load "vnc"
EndSection

  If your VNC server is running in a secure environment, you can disable authentication with the following configuration:

Section "Screen"
    ...
    Option "SecurityTypes" "None"
EndSection

  If your VNC server is NOT running in a secure environment, you will need to set a VNC password using the vncpasswd program:

# vncpasswd
Password:
Verify:

  Then tell the VNC module where the password is stored in xorg.conf:

Section "Screen"
    ...
    Option "SecurityTypes" "VncAuth"
    Option "UserPasswdVerifier" "VncAuth"
    Option "PasswordFile" "/root/.vnc/passwd"
EndSection

Logout and restart X (Ctrl-Alt Backspace)

  The Source http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-279069.html


You can put command in rc.local witch will run service. rc.local boot process run at the end.

  sudo nano /etc/rc.local

#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.

exit 0

service XXXX start

Save end exit. Next time when you boot pc, at the end, after networking, fw, ... service XXXX wil be started.


Software updater can't upgrade from 14.10 to 15.04

Open software and updates, choose Download from Other

Then click Select Best Server a series of tests will be performed to find the best mirror for your location. A server will be recommended. Choose it and try again.


Looking for a Web Development IDE with built-in FTP functionality

The answers to this question: Basic Web Development IDE/Editor like Dreamweaver?  contains several programming IDE's that may fit your needs but I think that this alternative may be the best for your case: https://askubuntu.com/a/59636/9598. It won't be reproduced right here.

For the case that you need support connecting to the FTP server for upload/download/sync, please refer to the accepted answer on this question on StackOverflow: How Connect to remote host from Aptana Studio 3 which I place here for your convenience:

  From the Project Explorer, expand the project you want to hook up to a
  remote site (or just right click and create a new Web project that's
  empty if you just want to explore a remote site from there). There's a
  "Connections" node, right click it and select "Add New connection...".
  A dialog will appear, at bottom you can select the destination as
  Remote and then click the "New..." button. There you can set up an
  FTP/FTPS/SFTP connection.

  That's how you set up a connection that's tied to a project, typically
  for upload/download/sync between it and a project.

  You can also do Window > Show View > Remote. From that view, you can
  click the globe icon in the upper right to add connections and in this
  view you can just browse your remote connections.

Additionally, for your needs on a stable/reliable FTP Client I suggest you gFTP, which does a great work to upload/download. A Screenshot is placed here for you to see gFPT in action:

If you need further support don't hesitate to drop a comment.

Good luck!


HP Printer does not scan any document in ubuntu

Install HPLIP Drivers. (HP Linux Imaging and Printing)

sudo apt-get install hp-ppd hpijs hpijs-ppds hplip hplip-cups hplip-data hplip-dbg hplip-doc hplip-gui printer-driver-postscript-hp

Certain applications may not available for 11.10. Remove the 'not found' applications and again run the command.

Or you can follow this answer to download drivers from Sourceforge.


notify-send only works as root (via sudo)

Check the owner of the notify-osd process:

ps -e -o fname,user | grep notify-o

On my system, it is the current user. If it is not, try killing the process and restart it as current user.


Browser issue was obviously Dropbox bug, as updating Dropbox fixed that.

To update Dropbox enter:

sudo apt-get update

and then

sudo apt-get upgrade

This fixes not only "Launch dropbox website problem", but also sharing folders from file manager.


Tag random flagged lines with XML like tag

You could give 'sed' a chance...

sed -ri ':x;$!{N;bx};s/% ([^\n]*)(\n|$)/<tag>\1<\/tag>\n/g;s/<\/tag>\n<tag>/\n/g;s/\n$//' tst.txt

This will tag your file in place.

Explanation:

:x;$!{N;bx} --> globbing file to one bufferline
s/% ([^\n]*)(\n|$)/<tag>\1<\/tag>\n/g --> tagging all lines beginning with '% '
s/<\/tag>\n<tag>/\n/g --> delete unneeded tags (if closing tag followed by opening tag)
s/\n$// --> delete unneeded newline at end of file

Eventually it's possible to do it even shorter but this was the first straight-forward way I could imagine.


Setting Environment Variables for Android Studio

In the console just type these (remember to change to your current location)

export ANDROID_HOME=/usr/local/android-sdk-linux/tools
export PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools"

If you want to make it permanent just add those lines in the ~/.bashrc file.


JGBelacqua has a good point, the context of your cron-user depends on the task. Does it really require root permissions to run? If the specified task does not require any elevated privileges you are probably better off running it as the WWW service user www-data.

The big idea here, is if you need to access parts of the system that are unavailable to www-data, (and for good reason) then its safe to setup the crontab as your root user. Just make sure that if you're moving files about that you  associate the proper chown/ghgrp commands so www-data can access them (respectively if they need to be accessed by the www-service)

To illustrate with an example, I run nightly database backups of my pgSQL and MySQL databases with a fairly thorough PHP script. Its executed by my www-data user as it compresses, archives, and posts them to a management web-interface. Thus it needs to be accessible by www-data. If i didn't need this to happen; say I were to copy a nightly snapshot of my website to a directory i didn't want my normal users to have access to, I would run this as root.


what does the desktop entry file '*.directory' actually do?

The *.directory files and Categories inside *.desktop files are used to categorize things and to prevent chaos - see GNOME Shell for comparison:

They allow to have well-organized categorized lists of applications - see screenshots of current desktop environments below:

Cinnamon

GNOME FlashBack

KDE / Plasma

LXDE

MATE DE

Xfce


How can I bring gnome sticky note back in unity?

Indicator-stickynotes is maybe the applet your looking for !

Written in Python, and using GTK 3 library. Current version is 0.3, but works well. You'll have to add this ppa to enjoy this application :

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:umang/indicator-stickynotes
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install indicator-stickynotes

You can lock/unlock, hide/unhide your notes from the panel.
Change notes color
Create as many post-it as you want

See here to run indicator-stickynotes on startup.


PlayOnLinux does not show my application in the list of installed

Someone helped me on playonlinux forum and the solution is simple.

Response:

" You can try "fixing" this by creating shortcuts manually (Configure button > (select the virtual drive) > General tab > "Make a shortcut from this virtual drive" button) "


Automatically switch gpu graphics driver when gaming

I don't think you can do it automatically, but here is a work around I thought of.

First open a text editor like gedit and paste this in to a new file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Steam
Comment=Steam with Nvidia
Exec=sudo prime-select nvidia && steam
Icon=/usr/share/app-install/icons/steam.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Utility;Application;

Now save this as steam.desktop to your /home and make it executable

chmod +x ~/steam.desktop

Now drag the file to the launcher to replace the existing Steam icon and when you run Steam from this it should also switch to the Nvidia GPU.

The quickest way to switch back would be to use this command

sudo prime-select intel

You could create another desktop file to run the command from but if you run it once it will be accessible from the terminals history, by the up arrow key.

Please note I don't have a multi GPU laptop, so I can't test this, so please do give any feedback.


Unable to get ifup & ifdown to bring up eth0 | Ubuntu 14.04

Please try '=false' and restart Network Manager:

sudo service network-manager restart

Your interfaces file looks a bit busy; I'd amend it to:

# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.101
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1 8.8.8.8
dns-domain example.com
dns-search example.com

Then try again:

sudo ifdown eth0 && sudo ifup -v eth0

Did you connect?

ping -c3 www.ubuntu.com


Unable to exit TUIs due to F10 opening the File pull-down menu instead of quitting the program as meant to

Three ways to modify the F10 behaviour

1. Via terminal preferences

Open your gnome-terminal and the Preferences
Disable the entry Enable the menu accelerator key (F10 by default)

2. Via command line

gsettings set org.gnome.Terminal.Legacy.Settings menu-accelerator-enabled false

3. Via dconf-editor

Open the dconf-editor (sudo apt-get install dconf-editor)
Navigate to org.gnome.terminal.legacy
Deselect the entry menu-accelerator-enabled in the right pane


could not run Apache properly in Ubuntu 14.04

Just simply run this command to terminal

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 stop

and after that

/opt/lampp/lampp/ start

Make sure you give proper permission to htdocs folder.


This is made in Ubuntu 16.04 by design.

If you click a partition other that / in  Nautilus, it is opened in a new window with a new Launcher icon.

It is really annoying in some cases. A workaround is to create symlinks to partitions mount points in your Home directory and click them instead of directly clicking partitions.

You can also add these symlinks as your Favorites in Nautilus.

Another issue is when you upgrade from 14.04 to 16.04. It can be fixed by removing the icon from Launcher and adding it again.


You should not need JACK, audio interfaces supporting the USB audio standard (all versions) should work without you having to do anything. In fact, installing JACK may very well be the source of your problems. Usually it is the other way round: USB audio devices work on Linux out of the box while drivers are needed for Windows.

The most frequent problem is that one of the channels is muted or at a low volume, or that JACK is messing things up. So my suggestion is:

Undo everything you've done, including installing JACK.
Unplug the sound card, reboot your system, login and then plug the sound card back in and select it from the sound settings.
Install and run pavucontrol (a GUI tool) to see if anything is muted
Then also run alsamixer (from a terminal) to check any other channels. In alsamixer, press F6 to select your sound card, then F5 to show all channels. Check that none have the muted checkbox set. Press M to mute/unmute channels.

If it works after these steps, and you are sure that you absolutely need the (possibly) lower latency that JACK provides, you can then always go and try using the device again using JACK. But you should make sure that the device works beforehand.


You can remove the swap file totally with this amount of RAM.
Run in a terminal:
sudo swapoff -a
sudo rm /swapfile
sudo nano /etc/fstab

and remove the line with the swap file from there.


If we are talking about this theme, it seems that it was last updated 2 years ago.
In that time frame, much has changed in the way GTK3 draws it's themes. These dashed lines seem to be a side effect of out-of-date CSS.

The bad news is - the theme seems to be out of date, and will not render correctly in recent GTK.

The good news is, you can look at how other themes have handled this (example with vertex theme) and try to fix it yourself. You can find the reference guide here.
You just need to handle the GTK3 related stuff, which should not be that much code.
I know it's probably not the answer you were looking for, but AFAIK it's the only change you have to get it to work correctly.

The same is valid if the problem is in the One more flat theme.

Good luck trying to modernize the theme. I wouldn't say it's the easiest task in the world, but it shouldn't be the toughest one either. Especially if you are already familiar with GTK theme file locations. Bonus points if you are already familiar with CSS.


Those who work with translating Ubuntu into Slovak are the members of the Ubuntu Slovak Translators team. You may want to contact them and get involved in improving the Slovak translations.

Generally, if you find a bad translation, you can submit a bug to Ubuntu Translations.


Can find any /.ecryptfs dir to retrieve my encrypted home dir

For me all the above didn't work because my situation was slightly different. I had a separate disk were I mounted my home/ directory on, in my case I called this "Ubuntu Home". For some reason "sudo ecryptfs-recover-private" didn't gave any results. When I changed the name of the disk from "Ubuntu Home" into "home" it finally worked!

Apparently the script ecryptfs-recover-private does not just look for the ./Private dir, but first for the /home/ dir. I hope this information helps some other people out! Now I just have to figure out how to hook up my encrypted disk again to a fresh new installation... (at least I again have access to my files!)

@Dustin Kirkland, thanks for your great work! I hope you can improve ecryptfs-recover-private even further. :)


Is there some way that I can see performance in Ubuntu?

The Windows architecture is built around a central database called "the Registry" which overtime as programs are added and deleted becomes insanely large and the system bogs down. As such every few years many users find deleting Windows and reinstalling it along with all currently used programs makes things seem 2 to 10 times faster.

Within Linux there is no Registry, and such performance penalties aren't suffered. Hence there is no need for a program like IObit Advanced Systemcare.

If your web browser slows down in Windows or in Linux (or Mac for that matter) because of too many extensions, Google and Firefox have methods of dealing with that differently.

The annoying malware pop-ups you find in Windows web browsers do not seem to occur (to me at least) with Linux web browsers. Free programs you download in Windows often come with embedded pop-up advertising malware that slows down your system. In Ubuntu almost everything is free and  designed to be downloaded via sudo apt-get install, instead of via the web browser.

Like any other system, if you have limited RAM, buying more RAM will speed up Linux. Also if you have an HDD (hard disk drive), spending $100+ on an SSD (solid state dive) will speed things up tremendously.

Your question body is primarily about speeding up the system however your question title is about monitoring system performance. To monitory the system I personally like to use conky but other people have their own preferences.

Here is what my Conky display looks like:

When the image first starts you see what operation looks like under low load. The CPU's have low percentage utilization ~6%. The CPU speed is low ~1300 Mhz.

After opening Google Chrome (with 10 tabs) CPU utilization spikes up across all 8 CPUs to ~40% and the CPU speed jumps to maximum of 3400 Mhz.

Below the CPU information the names of the 10 top CPU consuming programs (processes) appear on my Conky display. Below that are displayed the amount of RAM used (26%) and amount of disk space (really an SSD) used (73%). Below that (but cut off from this picture) it shows the amount of ISP gigabytes consumed for the month. This helps prevent over billing.

If you would like to learn more about Conky I recommend this site: Post your .conkyrc files w/ screenshots

If you are looking for off-the-shelf system performance monitoring tools in general here is one thread: What can replace system monitoring in the top Gnome Panel in Unity?

You will find other system monitoring tools recommended in Ask Ubuntu if you do a search.

Hope this helps.


I had a similar issue using UTT. I found Window Snapping and Hot Corners didn't play nicely together. In my case, Hot Corners overrode my Snapping settings and disabling it allowed my Window Snapping preferences to persist. Try disabling Hot Corners.


Menubar text color and firefox black making is unreadable with Ambiance. How do I fix this?

Go into the chrome folder in your profile, it is ~/.mozilla/firefox/rf1v5r52.default/chrome for me. Then edit the userChrome.css file, where a line was added by QtCurve. I remove that line and Firefox looks just fine.


Can I use .appimage files without internet? If it is then how it can be done?

The AppImage format is not related to the Internet connection as it is only a software distribution format for Linux.
However, if any application once executed requires an Internet connection for internal processing, that is a different matter.


Bootable Ubuntu USB flash drive asks for a username and a password

The following may work: username = 'ubuntu', and the password is blank


I recommend creating a label for your logical drive from Windows. This way it will be easier to distinguish it from other drives. As a failsafe, remember its size.
Now boot from the LiveCD or LiveUSB.

Start the Installtion. Continue the normal procedure.
When Installation Options come up, click 'Do Something Else' and then Next

This will appear:

Now double click the partition where you want to install Ubuntu and select "Ext4 Journaling System" in 'the Use as' dropdown.
Select '/' in the 'Mount Point' dropdown.
Click OK and then Next. Change other settings if you want.
Continue the Installation process.


How to change the graphic settings in Kubuntu 15.04

Under System Settings open Display Configuration. On the Display Configuration tab scroll down (you may need to click the Unify outputs button) select your resolution and apply.


What Happened

I'll begin by addressing the question of what got you to the point where you are now. There are several steps and mistakes made along the way....

Your computer was working correctly with a properly-configured EFI-mode dual-boot setup. Note the EFI-mode part; that's critical.
For some unknown reason, Windows stopped booting. This could have been a GRUB configuration error, damage to a Windows boot file, or some other issue. My suspicion is a GRUB problem, but it's unclear to me precisely what the cause was.
You booted an Ubuntu live CD in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. This is critical; compare to point #1. Booting in this mode was a mistake, but it was easily corrected at this point by booting in EFI mode, if you'd caught it.
You ran Boot Repair from this BIOS-mode boot and it complained about the lack of a BIOS Boot Partition. (IMHO, this warning should be rephrased because it's leading increasing numbers of people astray.)
You created the BIOS Boot Partition that Boot Repair requested. This was a mistake, but still not a critical one; the mere presence of a BIOS Boot Partition is not particularly damaging.
You re-ran Boot Repair, which installed a BIOS-mode version of GRUB. This was a mistake, and it was a damaging one; this step altered the boot loader configuration on the computer in a way that would make it impossible to boot in the way you'd been booting before, at least without making further changes.

The end result is an installation that has Ubuntu installed in BIOS mode and Windows in EFI mode. To switch boot modes, you must use a boot manager that can do this mode-switching. GRUB cannot do it, but most EFIs have built-in boot managers that can do the job. These are usually awkward to use, though. My rEFInd boot manager can do the mode-switching, but it can also boot Ubuntu in EFI mode, so if you install rEFInd, you can simply bypass the BIOS-mode GRUB. Re-installing the EFI-mode GRUB is another option.

What To Do Now

In principle, you should be able to use the computer's built-in boot manager (usually accessed by hitting a high-numbered function key, or sometimes Esc or something else, early in the boot process). In practice, you'll probably be better off by restoring GRUB to more-or-less its original configuration or by installing another boot manager. Answers to the below two questions go into detail on how to do this:

How to change ubuntu install from legacy to uefi
GRUB2 does not show Windows 8 option to boot into after Dual Boot

Note that this still leaves the question of why Windows stopped booting. As it's booting now, my suspicion is that your GRUB configuration became subtly damaged. Perhaps a GRUB update went wrong. GRUB can be quite delicate that way. Judging by posts, rEFInd seems to be a little more reliable, with the caveat that if Secure Boot is active, you'll have to jump through extra hoops to get it working. In any event, I'd set aside this question for the moment; instead, apply a fix and, if Windows stops booting, post a new question about that problem.

For more background reading, I suggest my page on the Compatibility Support Module (CSM). This is an EFI feature that provides BIOS boot support. Most modern PCs have a CSM, but it's usually shipped in a disabled state. Many sites provide the poor advice to enable the CSM prior to installing Ubuntu. When dual-booting with an EFI-mode Windows, the CSM is seldom required, and enabling it often leads to the sort of problem you're having. I'll shed no tears when the CSM rides into the sunset....


Ubuntu 14.04 comes with both Python 2.7 and 3.4 installed by default, but not with any Python IDEs. For starters, install IDLE for both versions:

sudo apt-get install idle idle3

The icons for both will show up in the Dash, and when you run them, you right click on the icons to lock them to the launcher.

If you don't mind using a terminal, run python2 and python3 in a terminal and see the difference.


How do I re-enter a sqlite database that I already created?

Yes,

sqlite3 test.db

opens test.db if it exists and lets you work with the content it contains.


The only way you could do that would be to have a proxy server on the same network (or host) as the OpenVPN server and to configure Firefox to use that proxy. You'll have to ensure that the OpenVPN server only pushes routes to it's own network and doesn't make the VPN the default route.

This is because OpenVPN (and indeed any true VPN) works at a networking level, not a process level.

  Please give me steps or a tutorial on how to do that

There is an official how-to on installing Squid and for OpenVPN. For anything detailed you need to provide details of the networking setup of your VPN server so we know what your options are.

At a high level, configure:

OpenVPN to use routing, not bridging
Squid to accept any client on the subnet you're using for OpenVPN
Firefox to use the IP of the OpenVPN server's VPN subnet


Try this.

The warning comes up when the user's shell is not /usr/bin/sh.  So just change your login shell to /usr/bin/sh.

Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

chsh -s /bin/sh $USER