How do I produce a neat Presentation from the Command Line?

This doesn't answer the question because AFAIK there is no simple way to achieve the goal exactly like OP requests. Instead I show two different approaches to achieve the goal as best as possible.

As far as I know, the only easily accessible interface between a shell script and tables in GUI office software like LibreOffice is .csv –

a comma-separated values file

This is very simple, but also very basic and doesn't allow for any formatting. Here's a usage example:

$ echo -e "heading 01,heading 02\ncell A2,cell B2\ncell A3,cell B3" >a.csv
$ loffice -o a.csv

As a .csv is a simple text file, you can change the content with every editor, let's use sed:

$ sed -i 's/cell A2/replaced cell/' a.csv
$ loffice -o a.csv

As stated above, this doesn't allow for any formatting besides all caps, which in your context is not very satisfactory.

If you on the one hand want to have simple text files you can easily change with command-line tools, but on the other hand also want to get a beautifully formatted document,

LaTeX is for you

I'd create a template.tex and mark the lines I'd like to change later with comments LaTeX ignores, e.g. cell coordinates like %A2:

\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{multicol}
\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{p{5cm}p{5cm}}
  \toprule
  \multicolumn{2}{l}{System/Client Information} \\
  \midrule
  {\tiny Machine Hostname:}\newline
  dessert's plowhorse %A2
  &
  {\tiny Machine Brand and Model:}\newline
  Thinkpad X240 %B2
  \\
  {\tiny Operating System (Version \& Variant):}\newline
  Lubuntu 16.04.3 LTS %A3
  &
  {\tiny Kernel Version\,/\,Update Level:}\newline
  4.10.0-35-generic %B3
  \\
  \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{document}

Compiled this looks like:

At the beginning of your script you just create a unique output filename and copy the template:

outfile="/path/to/$(date +%F_%T).tex"
cp /path/to/template.tex "$outfile"

Now you can change this file and adapt it to your needs with sed -i, thanks to the line marks added in comments it's easy to select single cells:

sed -i 's/.*%A2/  replaced cell value/' "$outfile"

When all changes are done just run pdflatex on the .tex file to get the .pdf output:

pdflatex "$outfile"

Some links to get started with LaTeX

Installation:

How to install latex in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS
https://www.tug.org/texlive/quickinstall.html

Get started:

What's the easiest way to get started with LaTeX?

Find answers:

https://tex.stackexchange.com


Looks like some other users have had the same problems...
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1883714

tl;dr

  It looks like the issue has been found. one of our user noticed that if you completely disable the Nouveau drivers and kernel module it resolves the problem. You can find out how here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Troublesho...abling_nouveau

and

you can also try following the instructions here and get Optimus working..

snippet

  Optimus is an optimization technology created by Nvidia to save battery life by automatically switching the power of the graphics processing unit (GPU) off when it is not needed and switching it on when needed again, this is not supported by Nvidia in Linux but there are ways to get it working almost perfectly.
  This is how I got it working on my Dell XPS 15 L502x with GT540m.


Problem with sudo apt update in Ubuntu 18.04: Post-Invoke-Success if /usr/bin/test -w /var/lib/command-not-found/

In all currently supported versions of Ubuntu open the terminal and type:
apt download python3-minimal
sudo apt install --reinstall ./python3-minimal_*.deb
sudo apt install -f

If that doesn't work a simple reboot will sometimes solve this problem.


steam error : do not have enough disk space available to run this game please free up some disk space and try again

This post is maybe a little bit old, but I got this problem these days and my answer could help someone.

I got this error message because my pc have two storage device (1 hdd and 1 ssd)
My secondary hdd wasn't mounted correctly so i umounted and mounted it again it worked!!
I think that steam tried to retrieve the games on my second hdd and didn't find it.

Hope that can help someone


How to get HDMI sound work on a basic 12.04 install?

HDMI output is muted by default (at least on my laptop). Open the Sound Settings (click the speaker icon on the top panel to get to the settings). In the Output tab, an HDMI output should appear when the hdmi cable is connected. Select this, then adjust the volume slider at the bottom of the window.


Ubuntu via (Windows Linux Subsystem) and Docker

As of September 2016, No.

  All current implementations of Docker on Windows use virtualisation,
  Docker 1.12 uses a hypervisor in Windows -thus removing the advantage
  of containerisation over virtualisation.

  Docker needs more than just using Linux systems calls.

  It needs process control groups (cgroups), a stackable filesystem
  (aufs), plus other Linux-based systems outside the kernel.

  Neither cgroups nor aufs are natively in the Windows 10 kernel.

  There is an implementation of Windows Server 2016 here:
  https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/virtualization/windowscontainers/quick_start/quick_start_windows_server
  ..but this will only run some Windows services, e.g. IIS, and not
  Ubuntu

The source (thanks to muru) has answers with more detail and insight.

Thomas stated it quite well and short:

  I'm fairly certain WLS doesn't have all the necessary infrastructure to set up Docker. The core issue is that WLS, while having Linux-isms, is not really truly full-featured Linux. This is something that many are just accepting as a limitation…


How to run Ubuntu, within Windows, from a USB drive?

You cannot run 2 different operating systems at the same time on the same computer, however an alternative would be to install a virtual machine program like VirtualBox or VMware Player on Windows and then run Ubuntu in a virtual machine.

Virtual machine softwares are basically a program that pretends to be a computer, allowing you to run multiple operating systems at the same time. Keep in mind that virtual machines require a decent computer, and they don't get great performance so it depends what you plan to do as to whether it will be viable. In order to access your files you will need to enable a shared folder between the virtual machine guest and the Windows host, because the virtual machine has it's own virtual hard drive.

Just install a virtual machine program, create a new virtual machine, and then install Ubuntu like normal within the virtual machine. If you need help figuring out how to do that check out this posting for VirtualBox [ How to install Ubuntu on VirtualBox? ] or this posting for VMware Player [ Can I run ubuntu with VMware? ].

VirtualBox: https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads

VMware Player: https://my.vmware.com/web/vmware/free#desktop_end_user_computing/vmware_player/6_0


How do I split a terminal into two "views" (or two parts) so I don't have to scroll up / down?

If you're running such simple commands as a tail, you can just open multiple terminal windows or tabs, or split the terminator window, and execute tail in more of them. Then you can scroll back in one and not scroll back in another.

KDE's terminal emulator konsole has a "Split View" feature, you can have two or more viewpoints to the same terminal. VTE-based terminal emulators such as GNOME Terminal or Terminator don't support this.


Kubuntu 16.04 black screen after installing a different graphical login screen display manager

A display manager is a program that provides graphical login capabilities for the X Window system. Change the display manager from lightdm back to the default Kubuntu display manager, kdm. Open the terminal and type:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

This will open up a new window allowing you to select either kdm or lightdm as the default login display manager.


Trying to get ethernet working for Intel 82562EZ 10/100.

I think you want the package names linux-build-essentials, but that may be not required:  There's a link at http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/lucid/man4/if_fxp.4freebsd.html which discusses your network card and how to install it.  I would also suggest that you load the package linux-firmware-nonfree

sudo apt-get install linux-firmware-nonfree


msmtp: sendmail: account default not found: no configuration file available (system wide configuration)

Warning : My advise is based on Debian msmtp package.
Recommended Fix: Make /etc/msmtprc owned by group msmtp.
chown root:msmtp /etc/msmtprc
chmod 640 /etc/msmtprc

Explanation:  msmtp binary is installed as set group (msmtp) id
$ ls -l /usr/bin/msmtp
-rwxr-sr-x 1 root msmtp 139000 Aug 20 16:24 /usr/bin/msmtp


You may want to take a look a NoMachine NX. Not VNC, but very robust and excellent performance.


How to properly set up fcitx on Kubuntu 15.04?

To input ctrl + space automatically after you login.

My idea to use xdotool (Actually this is not my idea, it was introduced how do we automatically set ibus-mozc when we login... in Japanese forum. I modified it to fit in fcitx-mozc)

sudo apt install xdotool

Then make a script ~/.im_sw.sh

#!/bin/bash
echo 'activation fcitx-mozc...'

sleep 1 && \
xdotool keydown ctrl && sleep 0.2 && \
xdotool key space && sleep 0.2 && \
xdotool keyup ctrl && \
for i in `seq 0 9`
do
  mozc=`ps -ef | grep 'fcitx-engine-mozc' | grep -v grep | grep -v srvchk | wc -l`
  if [ $mozc -gt 0 ]; then
    sleep 1
    xdotool keydown Zenkaku && sleep 0.2 && \
    xdotool keyup Zenkaku && sleep 0.2
    break
  else
    sleep 1
  fi
done
sleep 0.2 && \
xdotool keydown ctrl && sleep 0.2 && \
xdotool key space && sleep 0.2 && \
xdotool keyup ctrl

echo 'fcitx-mozc activation done.'

sleep 1

This script repeat pressing ctrl + space until fcitx got Zenkaku. So it's a little stupid when it is already Zenkaku mode and see it acts.

If you think it takes too long, make sleep time shorter.

chomod +x ~/.im_sw.sh

Next step

Make this script automatically run after login.
create a startup script ~/.config/autostart/im_sw.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Input method switch
Comment=To Zenkaku Hiragana
Exec=$HOME/.im_sw.sh
Terminal=true
Type=Application
Hidden=false

I think this might work, and again this way I feel a little stupid I need to see a Terminal opens to do this.


Is there a way to enable window borders in 14.04?

The default theme in Ubuntu doesn't show borders, but you can enable borders by installing a theme that offers window borders. Use unity-tweak-tool to switch themes. For instance, the High Contrast theme draws a black border.


I fixed that by editing gtk-widgets.css .menu section. It looks like this now:

.menu {
    padding: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #f07746;
    background-color: @menu_bg_color;
    color: @menu_fg_color;


How portable are Binaries compiled in Ubuntu?

When you compile a binary, say, nginx from source code, it's built with information regarding what versions of the libraries are on the system that is compiling the binaries.  The libraries to reference of course are determined by the arguments (for nginx, that's the definition of which modules you want activated or not).  But that binary which you built will (unlikely) run on a separate system, unless its an identically-configured system.

You will want to compile the application on each individual system, its (relatively) unlikely you will be able to port the compiled version to another system that might not have a compatible version of each library.

Note: While you can get a binary to port to another Linux system, its ill-advised and usually is time consuming.  This is because:
(1) You need to make sure the system you're going to move your binary to is using the same version of libc that was used to compile the binaries
(2) You need to make sure that the libraries used within the program are able to be detected easily on your system, and that they are the same (or compatible) versions as were used to create the program.

...and of course other variables to consider.  It's just easier in the long run to compile the program on each system to use it rather than try to strive for portability.


Domain AD users aren't get discovered after adding Ubuntu under AD domain control

have you tried to issue the command realm permit --all?
this worked for me, however, I still can not log in to a desktop with an AD user.


firefox lost connection after shooting down zeitgeist

When problems gets solved by "restarting the system" the cause may vary:

A temporary or lock file problem (thanks hbdgaf)
A service that didn't remove its hooks
A dirty user session

What was it? We will never know, but only guess. The sudo makes Firefox running as another user that has a clean user space, like a shiny new user session. Once you restarted all problems went away.


Most Ubuntu Server developers recommend not installing a GUI on a
  server. There are multiple reasons for not installing a GUI.

  Some reasons to not install a GUI include:

  You'll have more code subject to security vulnerabilities, more
  packages that need updating, and more server downtime.
  Performance may suffer because resources (memory, hard disk space,
  CPU, etc.) will be consumed by the GUI.
  It is best practice to only install needed software on a production
  server.
  The GUI may include other network services that are inappropriate
  for a server.

  One of the goals of Ubuntu Desktop Edition is to make it easier for
  users to use Linux. When installing some desktop environments,
  services that you may not specifically want will be installed.

  For example avahi-daemon, which is used to help configure networking,
  adds another open port and may introduce unwanted DNS conflicts with a
  .local domain.

  If you're using an Ubuntu LTS release prior to 12.04 LTS, X11 and
  desktop packages are not supported for the full 5 year lifecycle of
  the LTS server release.

  So for the most secure server it is best to not install a
  GUI.Ubuntu Help

To go ahead, and install KDE, just type the command(s) below at the prompt:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop

This will install all the default apps that comes with KDE.

If you just want the plain KDE desktop without any of the apps:

sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop --no-install-recommends


Remove partition for failed installation

Boot Windows and go to the Disk Management: click Start, type Disk Manage..., and select 'Create and format hard disk partitions'. There you'll see the 28GB Healthy Primary partition (with no filesystem shown - so it won't show NTFS).

To see what this looks like, check the highlighted partitions in the following picture:

Just right click on the partition and select "Delete Volume". There'll probably also be a smaller one created for Swap. Then you might want to create a new NTFS partition in that space, or merge it back to an existing partition. Since the Ubuntu installer likely created an extended partition you'll have to delete that as well if you want to merge.

Before deleting: make double sure that you are not booting with the grub bootloader or your computer will not boot. It doesn't seem likely given your description, but you should check. Running the bootinfoscript is one way to tell. Another way is to check which menu you see when you boot.

If you're booting with Grub the first menu you see will look like this:

If you're booting with the windows boot loader (and you have Wubi installed), the first menu you see will be the windows boot manager:

To reinstall the Windows boot loader (Windows 7/Vista):

Boot Windows and create a Windows repair CD
Boot from the CD to a repair command prompt and run:

bootrec.exe /fixboot
Make sure your computer boots straight into Windows (or the Windows boot manager)

However, since you wanted a normal dual boot, why don't you download and run the bootinfoscript and post the result to http://pastebin.ubuntu.com/ and then post the link back on your other question. That might be easily fixable. It might even already show up at the bottom of the Wubi grub menu.


Multiple user login via xrdp with separate session: How to do that?

I have googled a bit for your question.... and I have found some info about what you wanna do at this link http://c-nergy.be/blog/?p=5305

To summarize

By default, if a user connect remotely via xrdp, each user will get a different session. the problem you will encounter with Ubuntu and xrdp is indeed that each time a user connect; it will open a new session

To fix this issue; you have to tweak your xrdp installation + explain to your users how to reconnect to the session

Edit the /ect/xrdp/xrdp.ini file
under section [xrdp1]
replace the line
port=-1
with the following line
port=ask-1

This change will add an additional field in your xrdp login screen where you can specify the port.
The first time the user connects, he should accept the default (i.e. -1), the next time he connects in order to reconnect to the same session, the user needs to provide the port used during the first connection.  This information can be found in the login process dialog box when performing the first connection

You might wanna have a look at the following link which explain the process quite well

http://c-nergy.be/blog/?p=5305 - Check the section Reconnecting to an existing session in the post.

Hope this is helpful to you

Note also that if you are using ubuntu 13.10, you will need to install an alternate desktop (other than unity or gnome).

See ya


If you open gthumb options through its menu, Edit > Preferences, you'll find a tab called "visualization" or something similar (I don't know the exact name, because my installation is not in English).
There, you can chose how to open new images, as you can see in this screenshot:


Onscreen keyboard keeps popping up - Ubunto 20.04

I have used a Gnome extension called Block Caribou before to successfully block the screen keyboard. This is the latest version:
Block Caribou 36 Extension


Stop Firefox from putting the I-Beam on non-editable texts

Press F7.

This is called caret browsing. It is a Firefox feature that lets you move through and select text with your keyboard. F7 toggles it, so if you ever want to use this feature you can press F7 to turn it on, then again to turn it off.

(It is most likely that you had pressed F7 by accident to turn it on this time.)

Another way to turn caret browsing on and off is to go to Preferences > Advanced and check/uncheck the box labeled Always use the cursor keys to navigate within pages (under Accessibility).

But F7 is easier.


According to dpkg and the packages website these are part of the python2.7-dev package. This is not installed by default.

I believe they include the Windows installers to allow people to create portable self-contained projects more easily (without having to hunt down the current version installer) but I could be wrong.

If you want to know for sure (or suggest these files get removed) you can find several contact methods on the package information page.

Edit: and the Mono .exes are just Mono executables. They're distributed in exe form.


How do I change the theme of the Arduino IDE?

Try running sudo updatedb then locate arduino or locate theme.txt or a related search.

On my system, I see theme.txt in the installation directory:

./arduino-1.0.3/lib/theme/theme.txt

A related issue is discussed on this blog :

  To make Arduino use the native Swing windowing instead of forcing the
  GTK look and feel [...] change the following line:

#comment out this line:
#java -Dswing.defaultlaf=com.sun.java.swing.plaf.gtk.GTKLookAndFeel processing.app.Base

#change it to this:
java processing.app.Base

If this is still relevant, you might be able to work with themes by changing GTK theming directly.


Actually the problem has been resolved.
Even I was using the original cable, (which was working fine before) it was the problem. Later on I tried to borrow some new cable from a friend and now I connected my device.
Thanks again @Android Dev and LiveWireBT


Ubuntu VBox Guest long boot because of long Loading initial ramdisk

Trying to solve an issue with my Bluetooth adapter I recompiled some kernel and started with it. After this I could not boot VirtualBox VMs. So trying to solve the new issue I've purged Virtulbox 6.1.12 and installed Virtualbox 6.0.18 from repositories.

I've also tried 6.1.14 version and different host kernels and different guest settings without success.

With Virtualbox 6.0.18 the issue with long Loading initial ramdisk is gone. But it is only applicable to 19.10. The newer 20.04 contains only VirtualBox 6.1. Installing VirtualBox 6.0 in 20.04 requires older python: virtualbox : Depends: python3 (< 3.8) but 3.8.2-0ubuntu2 is to be installed.


This is a bug and it has been filled.

The workaround is to go to terminal and execute sudo umount /dev/sdx, where sdx is where your drive is mounted. If you don't know, open an app which will show you where your drive is mounted - GParted or Disk Utility for example.

Ussualy it would be sdc if you have two hard disks, or sdb if you have only one hard disk.


Can a user with ssh keys set their own password after logging in with keys without knowing their password?

Your question is not making much sense as the user in question has sudo access.
So ...

Yes a use can change the password on the ssh keys.

and

A user with root access can change the password of any other user on the system or lock an account without knowing the password of the target account.

I am not sure how you are giving them root access or if root access is limited in any way. If you are using the default sudo configuration, then they know their password so can change it. If you are using su , once they have root access they can do what they wish unless you restrict them with a tool such as apparmor or selinux
Perhaps you can lock the account and force the new user to set a password at first login.
From https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/50699/force-pubkey-auth-user-to-set-password-at-first-login
Add this to your script:

passwd -d $user
chage -d0 $user


I'd suggest using xrandr to change the screen resolution. xrandr -s 1280x1024 in a terminal should change the resolution to 1280 by 1024, for example.


Quickly Application making it run on startup

To have it run on start-up for everyone, you should install an autostart file in /etc/xdg/autostart as per the XDG Autostart Specification.


Please see the documentation here for further details about bug reporting. I copied and pasted the relevant info here for you.

First, gather the information about the target system in a file:

For a bug report about a system crash:

apport-cli -p <package name> --save bug.crash

For a bug report about any other issue:

apport-cli -f -p <package name> --save bug.apport

After copying it to a different system you can file that report using the following command:

ubuntu-bug -c <apport_file.extension>

If this is to be added to an existing bug report, also use the -u option:

ubuntu-bug -c <apport_file.extension> -u <bug number>

You will need to answer a few questions, and a web browser will be launched to complete the bug report.

Hope this helps!


i've same issue with SandyBridge platform (sony vaio vpcz21l9)

Just works in vesa mode with gnome 2d without control of brightness and other stuff

(and with very high battery consuption)

It's working good with fedora 16 beta (not battery.....  may be kernel 3.x issues)

Cheers

Award


Getting rid of the libvirt-qemu user in the login screen

To hide libvirt-qemu from the login screen:

Run sudo nano /etc/sddm.conf. If your sddm.conf has a section titled [Users], add HideUsers=libvirt-qemu as a separate line to the section. If your sddm.conf is empty or doesn't have the section titled [Users], add

[Users]
HideUsers=libvirt-qemu

Save /etc/sddm.conf and reboot.

If you want to hide more than one user, separate them with commas without any spaces.

This approach works in Kubuntu 18.04 and in Kubuntu 19.10.


From this link you will see that AES encryption is part of the WPA2 Enterprise protocol.

WiFi Protected Access

Note the heading: Version

  WPA2: Also known as IEEE 802.11i-2004. Successor of WPA, and replaces
  the TKIP encryption protocol with CCMP to provide additional security.
  Mandatory for Wi-Fi–certified devices since 2006.

And the heading: Encryption protocol CCMP

  An AES-based encryption mechanism that is stronger than TKIP.
  Sometimes referred to as AES instead of CCMP. Used by WPA2.

This is why Kevin in his answer is able to say that he never has a problem connecting even though he has to meet the same requirements as you.


Apt-get update comes up with "Sources list couldn't be read

You need to run apt-get as root or sudo.

Example:

sudo apt-get update
*password*

Also run any other apt-get commands as root or sudo.

Example:

sudo apt-get upgrade

If you are quick enough after the first command, you do not need to give your password again.


Installed 12.04 and my head set mic is not recognized

Please try typing 'alsamixer' into a terminal. You may be able to see if your mic is muted from there.


Looks like the following resolved my issue

sudo dpkg -i /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb
sudo dpkg --configure -a


ubuntu theme error i can't update ubuntu

As you mentioned that you have followed the instructions in that link. So you will need to revert this step:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/macbuntu

Just run:

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:noobslab/macbuntu

Replace that ppa:noobslab/macbuntu with whatever you've added before.

Also, I noticed that it's not the noobslab ppa that's causing this issue. The error (those message start with E:) indicates the problem lies within upubuntu-com and vidplace ppa, you might want to remove them as well

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:upubuntu-com/gtk3
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:upubuntu-com/themes
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:vidplace7/bluz5

When you're done, try sudo apt-get update again.


I've seen that issue a lot...Ubuntu, Windows, Mac.  It's a universal hair-pulling experience. Try:

Change batteries -- even if you already did that once.  (sorry if you just rolled your eyes at that....)
Try receiver in different USB port.
If you are using a USB hub, or USB via your monitor, try connecting the receiver directly to the computer.
Try a USB extension cord to get USB receiver closer to the mouse and keyboard.
Try moving/removing devices that might interfere with the signal - phones, laptops, external hard drives, headsets, TV remotes, arduinos, raspberry pis.
If you have a flash/thumb drive in a USB port near the receiver, try removing the flash drive.
-If it's a model with connect/reconnect buttons, try to reset the connection.


The easy way to do this is simply to sign in to Ubuntu One in your browser, and then put https://one.ubuntu.com in the iframe; you'll stay signed in for a while at least (and you're signed out occasionally for security).

The hard way, if you want to be sure that you're always signed in, is to take the URL https://one.ubuntu.com/api/1.0/from_oauth/?next=/ and sign it with a valid Ubuntu One OAuth  token. You can retrieve a token using the Python library in https://launchpad.net/ubuntuone-couch or manually from your Ubuntu keyring. Once you've signed the URL with that OAuth token, serialise the OAuth signature into the URL (so you'll get a URL which looks like

https://one.ubuntu.com/api/1.0/from_oauth/?oauth_nonce=66948655&oauth_timestamp=1311607897&oauth_consumer_key=AAAAAA&oauth_signature_method=HMAC-SHA1&next=%2F&oauth_version=1.0&oauth_token=BBBBBBB&oauth_signature=CCCC)

and then open it in your web browser. That URL will take you to Ubuntu One, in the browser, signed in as you.

You may find the following page useful, which does the signing in JavaScript: edit this page to include your token details, and then you can just open this page in the browser and bookmark it, or link to it in an iframe with a file:// URL, and it should work. It also requires oauth.js and sha1.js from http://oauth.googlecode.com/svn/code/javascript/.

<!doctype html>
<html><head><title>Log in to Ubuntu One without password</title>
<script src="sha1.js"></script><script src="oauth.js"></script>
</head><body>
<script>
var url = "https://one.ubuntu.com/api/1.0/from_oauth/"
var accessor = {
  token: "TTTTTTTT",
  tokenSecret: "SSSSSSSSS",
  consumerKey : "CCCCCCCC",
  consumerSecret: "ssssssssss"
};
var message = {
  action: url,
  method: "GET",
  parameters: {next: "/"}
};
OAuth.completeRequest(message, accessor);
OAuth.SignatureMethod.sign(message, accessor);
url = url + '?' + OAuth.formEncode(message.parameters);
location.href = url;
</script>
</body>
</html>


Things went back to normal after I uninstalled the package having dependency issues: lib64ncurses5-dev:i386.


Old thread, but I found my way here so I thought I'd add some detail.
The issue is that the compiler (or, more precisely, the gnu linker) has run out of memory.  In my case I had allocated a meager 2GB to memory.  I increased the memory to 8GB and the compile completed without error.


How to correctly disable auto-hide in Unity 2d?

Alan's answer doesn't work on Unity 2D because it doesn't use Compize.

If I got you right this might be the solution for your question:
In gconf-editor enable "use_strut" in Unity 2D's settings (desktop -> unity-2d -> launcher). In addition Mariano Chavero has made "A simple GUI for Unity-2D Settings": http://marianochavero.wordpress.com/2011/04/20/a-simple-gui-for-unity-2d-settings-ubuntu-11-04/


ubuntu 14.04 updating live usb to instal/updated nvidia driver and or login loop

So I went a head and just started taking step by step notes of my situation and these are my notes in case any happens to stumble across this in the future.

hardware:
CPU: xeon e5-2687w
GPU: gtx 980 x2 in sli (n210 for testing legacy)
RAM: 32 gigs of G.Skill
MOBO: asus deluxe x79
PSU: evga 1200 w p2 supernova

1 install ubuntu with n210

2 whilst using n210 update and upgrade restart

3 after restart check additional drivers and make nvidia proprietary driver default

**** Note **** every chance before step 3 I swap the n210 for the 980 sli and back and step 4 is
the first that the 980 sli works.

4 this is where the login loop starts.

5 I try guest account and it does the same determining that is not an user account issue and
rather a driver issue (nvidia driver version 340.23)

6 I set .Xauthority to .Xauthority.back to generate a new one and restarted lightdm service
and login loop still persists

7 reading lightdm logs

lightdm.log:
        DEBUG: Seat: Starting local X display on VT 7
        DEBUG: DisplayServer x-1: Logging to /var/log/lightdm/x-1.log
        DEBUG: DisplayServer x-1: Writing X server authority to /var/run/lightdm/root/:1
        DEBUG: DisplayServer x-1: Launching X Server
        DEBUG: Launching process 3385: /user/bin/X -core :1 -seat seat0 -auth /var/run/lightdm/root/:1 -nolisten tcp vt7 -novtswitch
        DEBUG: DisplayServer x-1: Waiting for ready signal from X server :1
        DEBUG: Acquired bus name org.freedesktop.Accounts
        DEBUG: Registering seat with bus path /org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Seat0
        DEBUG: Loading users from ofg.freedesktop.Accounts
        DEBUG: User /org/freedesktop/Accounts/User1000 added
x-0-greeter.log:
        DEBUG: Generating properties error for: 26
        DEBUG: Error getting properties on a new menuitem: Error getting properties for ID
        DEBUG: Generating properties error for: 18
        DEBUG: Error getting properties on a new menuitem: Error getting properties for ID
        DEBUG: background.vala:121: Render of background /usr/share/backgrounds/Forever_by_Shady_S.jpg complete
        DEBUG: User/org/freedesktop/Accounts/User1000 changed
        DEBUG: user-list.vala:1030: Adding/updating user trevor (trevor)
        DEBUG: settings-daemon.vala:209: Screensaver activated
        DEBUG: settings-daemon.vala:211: Screensaver disabled
        DEBUG: settings-daemon.vala:209: Screensaver activated
x-0.log:
        xorg-server 2:1.17.1-0ubuntu3.1~trusty1 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support)
        Current version of pixman: 0.30.2
            Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
            to make sure that you ve the latest version.
        Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
            (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
            (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown,
        (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Thu Oct  8 20:06:11 2015
        (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
        mobprobe: ERROR: could not insert 'nvidia_340': No such device
x-1.log:
            Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
            to make sure that you ve the latest version.
        Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
            (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
            (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown,
        (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Thu Oct  8 19:45:47 2015
        (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
        mobprobe: ERROR: could not insert 'nvidia_340': No such device
        Failed to switch from vt07 to vt01: Input/output error
        Failed to switch from vt07 to vt01: Input/output error

8 figured out that the gtx980 and 970 do not work under the proprietary nvidia driver and cuda.

******NOTE****** linux kernel has to work with nvidia kernel and cuda has to work as well

9 reinstall ubuntu

10 update upgrade and restart. 980 still does not work switching back to n210

11 Install modprobe package from: http://packages.ubuntu.com/trusty-backports/nvidia-modprobe
 (which I dont think was necessary since I think step 12 comes with it)

12 download latest cuda package from: https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads-geforce-gtx9xx

13 enter cli and "sudo service lightdm stop" to kill xorg

14 install the latest cuda package

15 at the end I get:
    A system reboot is required to continue installation. please reboot then run the
    installer again. an attempt has been made to disable nouveau. if this message persists
    after reboot, please see the display driver log file at /var/log/nvidia-installer.log
    for more information.
16 shuting down and replacing the n210 with the 980's

17 installed both 980's and logged in now time to check the environment

18 about this computer states: Graphics Gallium 0.4 on llvmpipe (LLVM 3.6, 256 bits)

19 checking additional updates:
    nvidia proprietary drivers have been updated to the 346.96
    and the system is currently using xorg xserver nouveau

20 running installer again as the installer instructed

21 killing x environment

22 the installer failed on the driver portion due to:
    The driver installation is unable to locate the kernel source. Please make sure that
    the kernel source packages are installed and set up correctly.
    If you know that the kernel source packages are installed and set up correctly,
    you may pass the location of the kernel source with the '--kernel-source-path' flag.

23 going to restart lightdm and try to find out if the kernel sources are there. (presumably yes)
and if so I will manually switch to the nvidia driver

24 couldn't find what I was looking for and getting impatient, going for the manual nvidia switch

25 worked! time to update upgrade

Sources:
1:http //blender.stackexchange com/questions/19336/how-to-enable-cuda-on-ubunutu-14-04-for-a-gtx-970
2:https //developer.nvidia com/cuda-downloads-geforce-gtx9xx
3:http //blenderartists org/forum/showthread.php?355600-GPU-rendering-with-gtx-970-on-ubuntu
4:http //packages.ubuntu com/trusty-backports/nvidia-modprobe

hope this helps someone.


Bootable USB with storage
For comparison between Full install and Persistent install see: How do I make my live ubuntu on a USB stick persistant?
A standard Live install using Etcher, Startup Disk Creator, dd or Disks, uses the full disk for for the ISO9660 install. Starting with 19.10 a ghost persistent partition named "writable" was added. This partition can be converted to NTFS or FAT32 to make the unusable space on the disk usable for data: Add NTFS Data Partition to Startup Disk Creator USB Install
A quick and simple way to create a Full install can be found here: How should I make my partitions for a Full Install USB?. Note that space requirements for the OS are about 15GB, the remainder of the disk can be used for data.
Mkusb will make a bootable USB with adjustable Persistent and NTFS Data partitions, the data partition can be changed to FAT32 if the user likes: Creating a bootable USB with saved configurations


Why I cannot boot to Ubuntu 20.04 after Windows 10 installation?

Your Windows 10 is installed in UEFI mode (non CSM) with GPT partitioning. (And your Ubuntu was installed in UEFI (with CSM). They are both different and that's why not working side by side.

Change your boot settings from BIOS to UEFI Only (Non CSM).
Make a bootable USB using Rufus

Choose partitioning scheme to GPT
Choose boot mode to UEFI Only (Non CSM)

Boot from USB
Install Ubuntu


Cannot boot after Ubuntu 13.10 install on UEFI machine

Your Boot Repair output looks OK to me -- as far as I can tell, you should be booting to GRUB when the computer starts up. It could be you've got buggy firmware, though, so you might check Sony's Web site for an update. (Of course, if you need to boot Windows to update the firmware, that could get ugly.) If you can update the firmware but the problem persists, re-running Boot Repair might fix the problem.

Another thing you can try is preparing a CD-R or USB flash drive with my rEFInd boot manager. (There are download links for both media types on that site.) If rEFInd boots, it should provide a menu with various options. The Windows option should work, as should an Ubuntu option that boots via GRUB. There should also be at least one option to boot a vmlinuz* file. This one won't work unless you hit F2 or Insert twice to edit the kernel options. Adding ro root=/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root should work. If you can get into Linux via rEFInd, you can try installing the rEFInd Debian package. Ordinarily, this would set up rEFInd as your default boot manager, thus solving your problem. (This will also obviate the need to add kernel options manually.) Unfortunately, given the nature of your problem, I'm not sure this will work for you, but it's worth a try.

If installing rEFInd to your hard disk doesn't work, you could keep fiddling with EFI firmware settings in an effort to find a workaround. Check the Installing rEFInd Manually and Alternative Naming Options sections of the rEFInd documentation for some ideas. Alternatively, if a USB flash drive does the job as a workaround, you could buy a small USB flash drive to hold rEFInd and leave it permanently installed in one of your computer's USB ports. (Some drives are very small -- nearly flush when fully inserted.)

One more comment: Your Boot Repair output indicates inconsistent naming of the volume group that holds your root (/) filesystem. Sometimes it's /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root, but other times it's /dev/mapper/ubuntu-vg-root. It looks to me like the former is correct and the latter is a result of a bug in the Boot Repair script itself, but it's worth keeping this inconsistency in mind. I vaguely recall hearing of a case in the past when somebody used a dash (-) in a volume group name and it caused problems, but I don't recall the details. It's unlikely that this is the source of your current problem, since it sounds like nothing that could read the volume group is even launching, but if you get rEFInd or GRUB to launch but then run into problems getting the system to fully boot, you might just try deleting the whole physical volume and re-installing again, this time using a volume group name that lacks a dash.


How can I install the latest version of Evince?

I had Evince 3.6.1.  The way I upgraded, I just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install evince

Below are before and after images.

Keep in mind that the current stable release is 3.6.1.

Or use Synaptic.  If not installed, you can install it by, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install synaptic

Edit

Evince for 12.04 is not available in the repo anymore.  its only available for 12.10, and 13.04.  To get it for other Ubuntu versions, check here or here.


Go to system settings-> Power and
When the lid is closed -> suspend


Typically, these VGA to RCA cables fit to a specific graphics card several generations back. It worked by re-assigning specific pins on the VGA plug to put out composite signal (often called "TV-Mode" or similar in the driver software).
you didn't get it with your laptop, did you? today's graphics cards can't do this anymore, and this cable won't fit your card.

If you want RCA/composite video out of your laptop, you need a so-called scan converter. Prices range from about 30€ to several hundred €, quality varies from cheap china knock-off without adjustable parameters to broadcast quality equipment.

I use a model similar to this. It's a reasonable compromise (for me) between price and quality.


To uninstall, you should be able to:

Note: if these steps produce any errors, stop and do not continue.

In terminal...

xinput set-prop "AT Raw Set 2 keyboard" "Device Enabled" 1

Try your regular keyboard. If it doesn't work, stop.

sudo rm -i /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-razer.conf

sudo apt-get purge python3-razer razer-kernel-modules-dkms razer-daemon razer-doc


Your answer seems correct.
Just check whether the existing link php is owned by you.
Also hope you have ensured that the file or directory "/usr/bin/php72" exists.


How to make git check for fetch and then make picture or sound?

Maybe you can create a new git alias:

git config --global alias.f '!git fetch && [ $(git rev-parse HEAD) != $(git rev-parse @{u}) ] && notify-send "Updates found"'

This creates a new alias f which runs:

git fetch &&
  [ $(git rev-parse HEAD) != $(git rev-parse @{u}) ] &&
  notify-send "Updates found"

The middle line checks if the current branch and its remote are on the same page, and if not, uses notify-send to send a notification.

Now if you run git f in a branch with remote updates, you'll get a notification.


Dual-boot Ubuntu and Windows 8 (only boots from "Windows Boot UEFI Recovery")

You originally installed Ubuntu in BIOS mode, since you have grub in the protective MBR.
But Boot-Repair converted your install to UEFI by uninstalling grub-pc for BIOS and installed grub-efi for UEFI.

Boot-Repair also added boot entries for Windows in 25_custom and you and manually edit those if the titles are not correct. It had to add new entries as grub has a bug and only creates BIOS boot entries even for UEFI systems. New 13.10 has a fixed grub2 os-prober that does it correctly.

gksudo gedit /etc/grub.d/25_custom

Boot-Repair also did the Windows filename rename. Rod Smith calls it a hack, I consider it a work around for buggy BIOS, but think Boot-Repair may be running it when not required. But we do not know if your UEFI would alllow booting of Ubuntu from UEFI.
The rename is for those UEFI that only boot Windows. So it renames grub2's shim file that has the Microsoft signing key to the Windows file name and you boot the Windows efi file from grub menu that has bkp at beginning of name.

If your want to undo rename. But if then you cannot boot you may have to add the rename again. May be best to have full backup of efi partition.

To undo & to rename files to their original names, you just need to tick the "Restore EFI backups" option of Boot-Repair.


Can I apply all updates by downloading and clicking a .deb?

I'm not 100% sure, but I think you can use the alternate cd installer to update your ubuntu from i.e. 12.04 to 12.04.1: http://releases.ubuntu.com/precise/

You may use the cd as a "deb package cd repository" -- once you burn it and insert in the CD driver, it will be picked up.
The normal desktop cd has an option to upgrade from older versions. It doesn't touch your personal files, only system files and packages. Also, it doesn't keep the settings you specified in /etc/: https://askubuntu.com/a/148923/5538
Try the keryx project: http://keryxproject.org/

  Keryx is a free and open source tool for easily managing packages on
  offline Debian based computers including support for Ubuntu and Linux
  Mint.

Downloads, Wiki, Forums.
Try using the Synaptic package manager: http://techspalace.blogspot.com/2009/04/offline-update-ubuntu.html

Steps:

Download/install Synaptic Package Manager
Select the packages you want to install. Do not apply the update!
Go to File and select Generate Package Download Script
Save the file and bring it to the computer that has Internet.
Run that file.
It will download all the packages and its dependencies.
Put them in a removable drive.
Bring the drive back to the old machine.
Open Synaptic Package Manger again.
From File menu choose Add Downloaded Packages.

You may also want to try http://apt-offline.alioth.debian.org/ -- install apt-offline-gui or apt-offline package

Screenshots


How can I stop my server being an "open DNS resolver"?

If you don't have any service for other user from internet on your server simple sudo ufw enable. Status of fw you can see with sudo ufw status. This will turn you firewall app with default deny all policy for inbound traffic. This will also prevent "Open DNS resolver" to talk with internet without control


package broken, and no installation accepted by terminal

Check if you are using third party repositories. If so disable them,
  since they are a common source of problems.

To check if you are using third party repositories, go to System Settings → Software & Updates and select Other Software tab, and if you are really using third party repositories, disabe them:

  Futhermore run the following command in a terminal: apt-get install -f

To do so, open your terminal and run the following command:

sudo apt-get install -f

More about: How do I resolve unmet dependencies after adding a PPA?


How can I mount a partition back I unmounted it to Re-Label it Using GParted?

/dev/sda1/ext4 can not exist. The device name must be only /dev/sda1.


The kernel module is called bluetooth, but I doubt loading it manually will help. I'd grep the device Id with lspci or lsusb and google for it. Some devices are not supported by (specific versions of) Linux.


Hi you can find the information in below link hope will helpful to you

How to remove Ubuntu and put Windows back on?


Flash Video Problem -- Is this an Issue with my Intel Video Card?

By default, there no longer is an xorg.conf file as everything is autodetected at this point. I can't answer why fullscreen flash is having trouble, based on what I can tell your computer shouldn't have trouble with that.


Who do I install PHP Blenc on Ubuntu 14?

@the_seppi answer is good and detailed and will probably do you, but I would like too add The quick way,using a terminal

sudo -i
apt-get install php5-dev build-essential
apt-get install php-pear
pecl download channel://pecl.php.net/blenc-1.1.4b
tar xzf blenc-1.1.4b.tgz
cd blenc-1.1.4b
phpize

Before you launch the configuration script you can change hardcoded key and expiration date in the blenc_protect.h file. Follow instruction in that file in order to edit information. Save changes and launch the configure script.

./configure
make
make install

Now you have to edit your /etc/php5/cli/php.ini configuration, adding at the end of file directives to load BLENC extension.

; BLENC PHP Extension
extension=blenc.so

Here is my source with more details on further features


Why is there no beta 1 release of Ubuntu?

Canonical have developed an ongoing method to continuously assess the progress of development called AutoPilot Tests.

  Autopilot is a functional testing tool. It simulates user actions by
  generating keyboard and mouse events, and then testing the internal
  state of the application in question. It works for gtk and qt based
  applications.

In summary, this involves various automated testing procedures to prove the viability of any changes to the build.

Canonical have stated that the extent of the automated testing has been so successful that the normal 3 alphas/2 beta approach to development that was so prevalent in earlier versions of Ubuntu is no longer required.  It could be construed that this is close to the "rolling release" version of Ubuntu - someone using this build always receives the latest versions of software during the overall cycle of development & testing.  Such a release is very well tested by the automated tests.

This approach was seen with the development Raring (13.04) and has continued with refinements for both Saucy (13.10) and especially for this LTS release.

As you can see from the release schedule - there is only one official beta release of Trusty - this coincides with beta 2 for the opt-in flavours of Ubuntu.

To provide flexibility for the differing development strategies for the various Ubuntu Desktop teams, the teams themselves nominate whether they wish to "opt-in" to this automated testing regime or to follow the more traditional point-in-time release strategy.  So far, only the Ubuntu desktop team has taken this approach.  However it should be remembered - for the vast majority of software and underlying software that is common, this automated approach benefits the wider eco-system - and indeed benefits Debian and Upstream - bugs are found more quickly and pushed upwards where necessary.

Linked Questions:

How do I contribute an autopilot test?
How do I get involved with testing and QA with Ubuntu?


Manual reinstall of ubuntu 16.04 on dual boot Windows 10 system does not proceed after hitting Install Now --> Continue

As per @CelticWarrior's suggestion, I was able to proceed beyond the "Install Now" and complete re-installation of Ubuntu on my dual-boot laptop, once I selected all Linux partitions (bar the NTFS /share) without formatting.

However, I don't have an answer to why it succeeds when formatting is not selected but fails otherwise.


adding temporary static routes to Ubuntu router

You can use the command ip route to add routes on the fly.

Example :

sudo ip route add 10.10.10.0/24 via 192.168.1.254 # Specific route
sudo ip route add default via 192.168.1.254 # Default route (gw)

This is not persistent.


I cannot find my schedule for system shut down

Check out

/var/spool/cron/crontabs/

there should be a file for every user that is allowed to and has a crontab

crontab -l -u username => list the jobs set for that username
crontab -e -u username => edit the jobs for that username
crontab -r - u username => remove the jobs for that username


How to configure PagaVCS(Svn client) for Google code repository

Just do a commit and it'll ask for username/password.

If it doesn't occur for some reason go to: context menu in Nautilus -> PagaVCS -> Settings -> Force login dialog once and retry the commit.


Virtualbox nginx service won't start on startup, but can be activated through terminal

Due to another problem I was having with NFS shares not being auto-mounted on startup, I figure NGINX was either:

A) Not actually being started on bootup
or
B) Being started but failing to load the site because it referenced files on the NFS mount

The NFS mount was probably being loaded via fstab too early in the boot process (before network capabilities loaded) and failed which caused nginx to fail. Fixing the issue outlined here prompted me to add sudo service nginx start to rc.local after sudo mount -a yields expected results.


error while browse phone using Bluetooth

You have bumped into a known issue, it has been reported in https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gvfs/+bug/1284308, and many other people also have the same issue. As a workaround, try sending the files from the phone to the computer, or use a USB cable to do the file transfer.


Bluetooth not working on Zoostorm laptop

Install the driver this way

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtlwifi-new-dkms rtl8723au-bt-dkms linux-firmware

and reboot.


First of all, ensure you have the necessary prerequisites:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential dkms git

Clone the updated driver with git:

git clone https://github.com/pvaret/rtl8192cu-fixes.git

Set it up as a DKMS module:

sudo dkms add ./rtl8192cu-fixes

Build and install the driver, you may need check the version here (e.g. 1.9 may change):

sudo dkms install 8192cu/1.9

Refresh the module list:

sudo depmod -a

Ensure the native (and broken) kernel driver is blacklisted:

sudo cp ./rtl8192cu-fixes/blacklist-native-rtl8192.conf /etc/modprobe.d/

Let's not take any chances. Instruct Ubuntu to load the new driver when it starts up.

echo 8192cu | sudo tee -a /etc/modules

Reboot.

You're done.

Thanks to P. Varet for this awesome fix.


How to create virtual machine for Virtualbox from extern drive?

Virtual Windows 7 Machine on USB.

Install Ubuntu on USB. (Full not Persistent).
Install VirtualBox in Ubuntu. (Ubuntu Software Center).
Download the Windows 7 ISO (from Microsoft).
Start VBox and Create a Windows 7 virtual machine.
Don't forget to register Win 7 to keep things legal.

Cloning Existing Windows 7 OS to Virtual Machine

Microsoft provides Disk2VHD, ( https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/disk2vhd ) which will clone a Windows install to a VHD virtual machine.
The Windows VHD can be used by VirtualBox as a existing virtual hard disk file when creating a virtual machine.
Alternately VMware offers VCenter Converter that can create a virtual machine from Windows or Linux desktops: ( vmware.com/in/products/converter.html ).

I have a VBox Windows VDI on a USB2 flash drive system and AutoCAD is very slow, but it works. My VM takes up about 85GB but it has lots of Windows programs on it.


I have a similar laptop and had a similar problem. I spent on total over 10 hours from basic troubleshooting, asking stuff on forums, googling, changing alsa packages to beta versions -- basicly everything I could imagine to try.

I (and some helpers) arrived to the conclusion that the hardware just is not supported. What was essentially the problem was that the built in laptop mic would stay active, and the headset mic would not activate at all. Dual booting to windows showed that there was no hardware problem since it worked perfectly in Win 7.

I ended up buying a cheap USB headset and it's working perfectly. IF however you succeed to get it work, please answer to your own question here so I can see if the same solution would work. Good luck!


Why does Thunderbird keep telling me it's going to expire?

Ubuntu will update Thunderbird, so just be patient.

See this bug report for more informations: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/thunderbird/+bug/972840

Note that you can already enable the proposed archive in Ubuntu, as it contain the latest release of Thunderbird.


solution on the apple support site: http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1948

the gist of the answer is press the option key during boot and select the device....some devices have issues.  there are troubleshooting steps at the website linked above


will my installer crash if my screen goes to sleep

I've installed (and reinstalled) ubuntu many times due to my earlier (and somewhat present) noobiness with ubuntu and I have left it running many times and came back to see the screen asleep but ubuntu did not crash. I have installed ubuntu on a laptop and the same thing happened. Maybe you are not installing it correctly. A really good walkthrough can be found here.


Ubuntu 12.04 forgetting XModmap settings often

UPDATE: I did some more research and it turns out this was because I had my USB keyboard plugged into my monitor's USB port. Simply plugging my keyboard into the back of computer fixed it.  I guess when the monitor turns back on Ubuntu sees it as a new keyboard and doesn't feel the need to re-apply the .Xmodmap settings.


sudo start program as user with encrypted home

You could just login as the other user (login in a terminal is fine), thus decrypting their home, and run programs successfully. Apparently your ssh -X idea should do that, but doesn't appear necessary for a local user.
Tell the program you're trying to run (program1 in your example) to use a different folder, one that's currently mounted / writeable. How to do that would vary according to each program. Maybe using a "dummy" home folder might work, a temporary link, etc.
Manually decrypt / mount the other user's home. You'd need to know their login passphrase (or actual mount key) and I'm sure just logging in as the other user would be easier.


How do I remove an item from the Gnome-classic panel?

Hold down 'alt'+'super' then right click on the icon you want to remove.

In the context menu that follows from your click, you will see 2 options, 'move' or 'remove from panel'; and these are your options.


How to figure out if my DVD-reader is also a burner?

Here's an alternative.

Open a new Terminal window with Ctrl+Alt+T and type in the following: sudo apt-get install libcdio-utils
Now there's a tool called cd-drive in the utility you've just installed. So in your Terminal run sudo cd-drive and hit enter.

The output should look like this:

cd-drive version 0.83 x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2011 R. Bernstein
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.
There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
The driver selected is GNU/Linux
The default device for this driver is /dev/cdrom

Drivers available...
  GNU/Linux ioctl and MMC driver
  cdrdao (TOC) disk image driver
  bin/cuesheet disk image driver
  Nero NRG disk image driver

CD-ROM drive supports MMC 3

                       Drive: /dev/cdrom
Vendor                      : TSSTcorp
Model                       : CD/DVDW TS-L632D
Revision                    : HH18
Profile List Feature
    DVD-R - Double-Layer Sequential Recording
    DVD-R - Double-layer Jump Recording
    DVD+R Double Layer - DVD Recordable Double Layer
    DVD+R - DVD Recordable
    DVD+RW - DVD Rewritable
    Re-recordable DVD using Sequential Recording
    Re-recordable DVD using Restricted Overwrite
    Re-writable DVD
    Re-recordable DVD using Sequential recording
    Read only DVD
    CD-RW Re-writable Compact Disc capable
    Write once Compact Disc capable
    Read only Compact Disc capable

Core Feature
    ATAPI interface

Morphing Feature
    Operational Change Request/Notification not supported
    Synchronous GET EVENT/STATUS NOTIFICATION supported

Removable Medium Feature
    Tray type loading mechanism
    can eject the medium or magazine via the normal START/STOP command
    can be locked into the Logical Unit

Write Protect Feature

Random Readable Feature

Multi-Read Feature

CD Read Feature
    C2 Error pointers are supported
    CD-Text is supported

DVD Read Feature

Random Writable Feature

Incremental Streaming Writable Feature

Formattable Feature

Management Ability of the Logical Unit/media system to provide an apparently defect-free space. Feature

Restricted Overwrite Feature

DVD+RW Feature

DVD+R Feature

Rigid Restricted Overwrite Feature

CD Track at Once Feature

CD Mastering (Session at Once) Feature

DVD-R/RW Write Feature

Unknown code 33 Feature

DVD+R Double Layer Feature

Profile List Feature

Profile List Feature

Profile List Feature

Unknown code c0 Feature

Profile List Feature

Profile List Feature

Profile List Feature

Profile List Feature

Profile List Feature

Profile List Feature

Profile List Feature

Morphing Feature
    Operational Change Request/Notification not supported
    Synchronous GET EVENT/STATUS NOTIFICATION supported

Profile List Feature

Profile List Feature
    Unknown Profile 0
    Unknown Profile 0
    Unknown Profile 0

Hardware                                  : CD-ROM or DVD
Can eject                                 : Yes
Can close tray                            : Yes
Can disable manual eject                  : Yes
Can select juke-box disc                  : No

Can set drive speed                       : No
Can read multiple sessions (e.g. PhotoCD) : Yes
Can hard reset device                     : Yes

Reading....
  Can read Mode 2 Form 1                  : Yes
  Can read Mode 2 Form 2                  : Yes
  Can read (S)VCD (i.e. Mode 2 Form 1/2)  : Yes
  Can read C2 Errors                      : Yes
  Can read IRSC                           : Yes
  Can read Media Channel Number (or UPC)  : Yes
  Can play audio                          : Yes
  Can read CD-DA                          : Yes
  Can read CD-R                           : Yes
  Can read CD-RW                          : Yes
  Can read DVD-ROM                        : Yes

Writing....
  Can write CD-RW                         : Yes
  Can write DVD-R                         : Yes
  Can write DVD-RAM                       : Yes
  Can write DVD-RW                        : No
  Can write DVD+RW                        : No


I think you do not need to configure anything.

Just make sure your apache and mysql services are running. Then open your terminal and type

sudo nano /var/www/html/echo.php

then add the following

<html>
    <body>
    <?php
        echo " Hi"
    ?>
    </body>
</html>

Open your browser and goto

locahost/echo.php

If you see Hi, then everything is fine. If you see something wrong or a error let us know.


OK, seems like command line programs are not an option for you. So here comes my GUI recommendation: Audacity.

Audacity is a great free, open source, cross-platform audio editor. With it you can merge, cut, record, apply effects and do hundreds of editions in audio files. It also supports video files (the audio is extracted) and has great integration with most desktop environments (including drag/drop). It also encodes/exports your projects stunningly fast (even in higher qualities).

It's available for Linux/Unix, Mac OS X and Microsoft Windows.

Fortunately, Audacity is in Ubuntu's official repositories, so you can install it using the Software Center. Search for Audacity and install it.

You can also do it through command line, running

sudo apt-get install audacity

Here's their official website, where you can get more information:

http://www.audacityteam.org


After installation, do I still need to remember or protect the Secure Boot password?

It's going to completely turn off Secure Boot because, like it says, those third party programs will not work with it on. It's asking you for a password because, like it says, it's just going to make sure it's you disabling it when Ubuntu shows you how to do it. It's a temporary password.

You can't easily have Secure Boot turned on and also load kernel modules that aren't signed to work. There's not much benefit to Secure Boot, and many (probably most) Ubuntu/Linux users feel comfortable turning it off permanently.


Dumb question, sorry. I looks like the two drives that dropped out are in-fact not being mounted for some reason, probably failed.


To open the settings menu to allow installing additional proprietary drivers go to the "System Settings..." menu on the top panel. Choose "Software and Updates"

In the following window select then "Additional Drivers" tab:

This will let you select available stable proprietary drivers for your graphics card (above shown for a virtual machine).

On selecting the recommended "Nvidia Current" driver it will install on your system. Nvidia settings can then be accessed most easily from the Dash:


Dual boot Windows 8.1+Ubuntu12.04 - can't boot on windows

It seems you have mixed BIOS and UEFI booting.

Windows seems to be installed in UEFI mode (only 64-bit Windows can be installed in UEFI mode)
Disk is in GPT style (has EFI system partition + MS Reserved)
Linux is installed using MBR booting (disk has special BIOS/MBR booting partition)

===============================

Easiest solution:

delete BIOS boot partition (sda9)
Fix Windows booting using Windows Recovery/Installation media
(boot to recovery console and type "bcdboot Z:\windows" where Z: is your Windows drive, change drive letter accordingly - on Z: you should have \windows directory)
Reinstall Ubuntu 12.04 in UEFI mode !!!

To install in UEFI mode you boot in UEFI mode - select DVD UEFI boot or USB UEFI boot !!!

Check also "rEFInd" boot manager used for multi-booting Windows/Linux.
Can be installed later as a software boot switch.

Check also BootNext tool - allows direct booting of Linux/Ubuntu from Windows.


What is the relationship between initrd and squashfs?

Initrd is deprecated and replaced by Initramfs (and to some extent upstart).

What is the difference between initrd and initramfs?

The initramfs is more a part of the booting process and is a minimal file system used to bootstrap the kernel and initialize your hardware.

suqashfs is a compression tool and takes a large (5 Gb) file system and compresses it into a much smaller size, but it is ro.

squashfs is thus used for the entire file system, / and all the binaries and libs necessary to be Ubuntu live.

See also:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCDCustomizationFromScratch

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Initramfs

  Initramfs is used as the first root filesystem that your machine has access to. It is used for mounting the real rootfs which has all your data. The initramfs carries the modules needed for mounting your rootfs.

Here is the initramfs I built http://blog.bodhizazen.com/linux/initramfs/

And

http://squashfs.sourceforge.net/

  Squashfs is a compressed read-only filesystem for Linux. Squashfs is intended for general read-only filesystem use, for archival use (i.e. in cases where a .tar.gz file may be used), and in constrained block device/memory systems (e.g. embedded systems) where low overhead is needed.


How to Network to Kubernetes Behind MAAS

First things first... is that container ip, 10.12.0.2, a ClusterIP? If so that may explain a lot of the problems you are having. I wrote the following with a major assumption ... that it is the internal, unexposed ip you get in a container inside a pod. One thing you may try if you haven't already... Try to access that container ip 10.12.0.2 from the MAAS box. Can't access it? I bet it needs to be exposed...

I have not tried the exact setup you have. I think what I wrote below may not fully apply because your setup runs through your MAAS server, which complicates things.

Maybe you have already discovered this, but the ClusterIP addresses supplied by most Kubernetes services are only exposed to other machines inside the cluster. There are many ways to expose a service, including many I would not recommend for your situation.

What I describe below is the simplest and best setup I have at this point, which has the benefit of providing a static IP for that service. You can then use the DNS settings in MAAS (or whatever you prefer for DNS) to make an A record that points to that IP for that service.

To make this less abstract and bogged down by jargon here's a concrete example... you might:

deploy Rook/Ceph (rook.io) on your k8s cluster
change the svc for it to have ServiceType: LoadBalancer, obtain an IP of 192.168.1.240 for that svc discovery that points to the Ceph Dashboard
set an A record in the DNS in MAAS to bind ceph.maas to 192.168.1.240.

Now you can bring up a browser and go to ceph.maas to access the dash.

In your case static IPs will likely be part of what you need for you to have predictable endpoints for webapps and services and storage. Maybe MAAS when it acts as a proxy will just forward the IP.

If part of what you need is static IPs accessible outside the cluster in your LAN I suggest you reserve a range of IPs on your subnet that are not used by MAAS and your router. Picture included with an example that leaves 192.168.1.240-247 unreserved by MAAS and others.

Then Use MetalLB:

  kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/google/metallb/v0.8.3/manifests/metallb.yaml

Create the following manifest for a config map that gives your load balancer a pool of IPs to use.

  layer2.yaml

 apiVersion: v1
 kind: ConfigMap
 metadata:
   namespace: metallb-system
   name: config
 data:
   config: |
     address-pools:
     - name: my-ip-space
       protocol: layer2
       addresses:
       - 192.168.1.240/29

Apply the manifest to your cluster

  kubectl apply -f layer2.yaml

These steps will deploy and configure a bare metal load balancer that is capable of binding to static ips that you can access outside the cluster. The above setup with its config map is set to bind to that narrow range of reserved addresses (192.168.1.240-247). If you desire a broader and/or different range this CIDR to IP range calculator helps.

https://www.ipaddressguide.com/cidr

After MetalLB is deployed you will need to go to the service you wish to expose internally with a static IP and change ClusterIP (or NodePort) to LoadBalancer. This will pick from the pool of IPs available to MetalLB and assign one.

Hope it goes smoothly for you. And good luck!


How do I subscribe a launchpad.net team to all bugs that have a specific tag in a specific project?

Yes, it is possible to subscribe to tags in a project:

Firstly, go to the project, where there is a Subscribe to bug mail link on the right-hand side.

Click on that link, and a you can select a team that you belong to

At the bottom of this, there is an option for restricting the bugs to certain tags.


How do I disable kernel messages while booting?

The GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT definition in /etc/default/grub should contain "quiet splash".  You also need Plymouth to be installed.


first, make sure you have root login access, from a root shell prompt, type

usermod -l **new_username** -m -d /home/**new_username** **current_username**

then exit and re-login, and you'll be fine.


Floppy is read but not written on Ubuntu 14.04

What size is the floppy disk? e.g 3.5"   8"?

For 3.5" Floppy Disks, There is a little black switch on the back of the floppy, make sure that switch is covering a little hole. If not, slide it so that it is.

The switch decides on weather the disk is read / write, or only read.


MAAS: Failing commissioning (Ubuntu 14.04 MAAS 1.8.3)

This seems like a network communication issue. Looking at cloud-init logs:

Jan  3 22:00:03 ubuntu pollinate[750]: ERROR: Network communication failed [60]\n22:00:02.333112 * Hostname was NOT found in DNS cache

Also, looking at maas.log:

Jan 3 16:02:41 head maas.import-images: [WARNING] I/O error while syncing boot images. If this problem persists, verify network connectivity and disk usage.

If you are behind a proxy, this could be an issue. Can you verify that you have access to archive.ubuntu.com as well?


Ubuntu VPS: Can't connect to outside server (Github)

Server is IPv6 which isn't supported by Github.


Can't login on any accounts and can't access a shell too. What can I do?

I managed to get to the grub menu holding the shift key and boot an older version of the kernel. It's seems to be working...not sure what was the exact problem. I'll update this answer if I discover something.

(FYI you can access a root shell from the recovery mode but it seems you need to mount your partitions after that)


I have done it! Granted, it required some backflips, but none-the-less it works =D

Here is the script I used:

#!/bin/bash

#NOTE: The framerate throttling can probably be removed due to the limit in
#the amount of data that can be written to a pipe before it blocks. My
#streams are at 1920x1080 and cat only puts 5 frames onto the pipe
#before it hangs waiting for a program to tread the pipe. I found this odd
#since my splash screen images were only 8k, whereas the pipe size is 1M.
#Therefore, it might be highly dependent on the resolution of your splash
#images. By removing the FPS logic of this script, a higher potential
#framerate can be achieved by the script if that's necessary.

#This is my third FFMpeg input. My other two are at framerates of
#10 (screen) and 30 (webcam). My output is 10 FPS. I had originally
#set this to 10 as well, but it caused FFMpeg to choke and start dropping
#frames for some reason, so I just added 5 since it's a common denominator
#of both 10 and 30. +2 may have also worked, but that seemed a little too
#close for me since even 11 had issues with output framerate, hovering
#around 9.9 FPS rather than the target 10 FPS.

framerate=15

#Tracks how many frames we've written this second
files_this_second=0
this_second=$(date +%s)

while [ 1 ]
do
  #Haven't written all the frames for this second
  if [ $files_this_second -lt $framerate ]
  then
    if [ ! -f /file/to/test/to/throw/up/splash ]
    then
      #Output the transparent "splash screen" (no splash screen)
      cat /path/to/a/transparent.png
    else
      #Output the splash screen
      cat /path/to/a/splashscreen.png
    fi
    files_this_second=$(($files_this_second + 1))
  else
    #The second has changed
    if [ "$(date +%s)" != "$this_second" ]
    then
      this_second=$(date +%s)
      files_this_second=0
    fi
  fi
done

I can then feed the output of this script into FFMpeg like so:

splash.sh | ffmpeg -f image2pipe -vcodec png -framerate 15 -i - (some other video source and parameters) -filter_complex "[1:0]setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[video];[0:0]setpts=PTS-STARTPTS[splashscreen];[video][splashscreen]overlay=0:0" (output format options and file)

Then, I set up a hotkey to run another simple script:

#!/bin/bash

if [ -f /file/to/test/to/throw/up/splash ]
then
  rm /file/to/test/to/throw/up/splash
else
  touch /file/to/test/to/throw/up/splash
fi

When I want to throw up the splash screen, I hit the hotkey. When I want to take it down I hit the hotkey again.

This is useful for a couple of things:

A splash screen (as mentioned)
Blanking the screen when entering passwords or something

It also bypasses the problem of the images getting cached like in my question above, so you'd simply have to replace the image with another to set another splash screen.

I think it's brilliant! What do you guys think?

NOTE: I am using a self-compiled version of FFMpeg because the one available in the Saucy repositories is pretty outdated. Also, the image2pipe format is undocumented that I can find.


vagrant box for ubuntu/xenial64 and putty on Windows 10 host

I experience the same problem when I try to access Ubuntu 16.0.4 LTS Server, clean install with only OpenSSH selected as additional software.  I was using an old 2013 version of PuTTY.

This problem went away when I downloaded and used the "PuTTY Latest Development Snapshot".


How to differentiate command from the output using color

Add this to your ~/.bashrc:

        RED="\[\033[0;31m\]"
     YELLOW="\[\033[1;33m\]"
      GREEN="\[\033[0;32m\]"
       BLUE="\[\033[1;34m\]"
  LIGHT_RED="\[\033[1;31m\]"
LIGHT_GREEN="\[\033[1;32m\]"
       CYAN="\[\033[0;36m\]"
 LIGHT_CYAN="\[\033[1;36m\]"
      WHITE="\[\033[1;37m\]"
 LIGHT_GRAY="\[\033[0;37m\]"
 COLOR_NONE="\[\e[0m\]"

PS1="$PS1${LIGHT_RED}"
trap '[[ -t 1 ]] && tput sgr0' DEBUG

The colour code variables aren't necessary, but they simplify things. Change the LIGHT_RED to other colours to suit your need. Effect:

You'll have to source the .bashrc for changes to take effect:

. .bashrc

The LIGHT_RED isn't really light red for me because of the colour profile I have set for the terminal.

Sources:

How do I stop a bash shell PS1 color to stop at the end of the command?
Bash command prompt with virtualenv and git branch (for the colours)


MySQL Workbench on Ubuntu 12.04 doesn't starts after latest (Jun12) updates

This is the solution that resolved my problem:

I (kind of) fixed mine by going to /home/username/mysql/ and renaming (or deleting) the workbench folder.

It's ok and now my Worbench runs very well!


Install Ubuntu w/o deleting Windows - Installation type almost empty

RAID-0 is worse than no RAID at all, as it provides no redundancy whatsoever, so if one of your NVMe drives fails, it'll take down the whole system therefore:

Take a full system backup using CloneZilla Live using disk-to-image
Shrink the partitions to allocated space +10% using gparted Live and take another full system back-up
Remove the RAID-0
Restore the System Backup from #2 to one of the NVMes
Install Ubuntu on the other one


Ubuntu 16.04 install python-matplotlib 2.0.0

Before you start - do not forget to remove python-matplotlib with
sudo apt-get purge python-matplotlib.

Then you may try to install matplotlib-2.1.0 with pip:

sudo pip install matplotlib (for python2.7)
sudo pip3 install matplotlib (for python3.5).


Try cleaning up your system with BleachBit


Can not access network share of windows 7 from ubuntu

You must not had shared your directory or given permissions to the windows folder.

Check the network sharing and enable the network sharing.


Apologies for the late reply folks. I've since found out that it is a fault with either my machine(motherboard) or the usb device I was using. I attempted this on a different PC while I was at work with a different thumb drive and it had no issues.

For reference my motherboard is a MSI H67MAE35 and the USB device was a PNY 4GB thumb drive.


How to bring up a network interface only if it is physically present in Ubuntu 14.04?

You can use an upstart job for this. Rip out the pre-up and up sections then make a file /etc/init/network-interface_wlan9.conf :

start on net-device-added INTERFACE=wlan9
task
exec ifup wlan9


how to make the changes to source .profile permanent

After changing the .profile file, you have to logout from your account and login, then it will be sourced once automatically.

Also make sure these file does not exist in your home directory:

~/.bash_profile
~/.bash_login

If you've got these files, the .profile will be ignored.


Ventoy
Ventoy is installed to a USB disk.
After installation OS ISO's can be copy/pasted, dragged/dropped to the USB.
No further setup is required, unless adding persistence.
MS Windows installer disks can be be added.
Linux OS can be added.
FreeBSD, etc, etc can be added.
90%+ distros in distrowatch.com are supported.
550+ ISO files are tested.
There is Windows and Linux versions.
It is simpler to use than Etcher.
https://www.ventoy.net/en/index.html
(sounds good but I prefer mkusb for it's hackability).
YUMI (The subject of the "Duplicated" Question)
YUMI has many loyal users.
It appears that YUMI is still well supported and kept up to date.
Have just tested the latest version YUMI-UEFI-0.0.2.7.
Preformatted the USB to NTFS, started YUMI and installed Windows-1909 installation ISO.
Then installed Ubuntu 20.04.1. (I think Windows should be installed first).
Both items installed and ran without problem. The NTFS USB worked in UEFI mode.
No workaround was required as shown in a previous answer to the duplicated question.
YUMI still lags Ventoy as Persistence is limited to 4GB Max. Also YUMI still needs to be run each time a new ISO is added.


15.10 won't upgrade to 16.04 due to unsupported packages

I think you want to do a "package upgrade". I would recommen to make a "fresh install". Download the ISO-image, burn it to a DVD, reboot from the burned DVD and follow the installation programme. NOTE: PLEASE MAKE A BACKUB BEFORE INSTALLING, OTHERWISE YOU WHILL LOOSE YOUR DATA!


Set up grub2 on cloned Ubuntu installation

Here is the solution I used... It's in german, unfortunately.

It's basically the same as described in the Ubuntu wiki:

In a Live-CD session run: sudo fdisk -l to determine the disk name X and the partition number Y of your Ubuntu installation - should be of form /dev/sdXY.
run sudo mount /dev/sdXY /mnt
run sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/sdX
Reboot.
Update the grub menu: sudo update-grub


Desktop effects could not be enabled when i try to enable visual effects. This is a VirtualBox 4.0.2 Guest

3D acceleration in Virtual Box still is experimental. Therefore not all combinations of hosts/guests are supported, some graphic funtions are not yet implemented, and some incompatibilites with the host graphic adapter still exist. In addition virtual emulation of a 3D graphic card consumes quite a lot of CPU power and slows down the guest system considerably.

In order to test 3D functionality you have to enable this manually in the settings of your virtual machine. Also a proper installation of guest additions is needed. You can test the latter in the guest Ubuntu from System -> Administration -> Additional Drivers. The guest additions driver should appear there as activated like this:

If you can't see this you need to reinstall your guest additions by running the installation script provided by the guest additions .iso file (see also this answer).


Inkscape is the vector graphics application of choice for most Linux users (and a lot of Windows users too).


How can I completely disable internal Mic and Webcam

Blacklist drivers
In both cases kernel drivers may be loaded for both, the internal sound card, and the webcam to be recognized by Ubuntu. We can find out which drivers are loaded by the following command in a terminal:
lsmod

From this list we can see which of these kernel modules may be responsible for our (specific) hardware (e.g. an Intel sound card may need the snd_hda_intel module).
Blacklisting these kernel module will stop this device from being recognized by your system. To do so we edit the file /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf as root to add the following line:
blacklist <name_of_module>

See also: How can I control which sound card Ubuntu uses for playback?
In case we still need the internal audio card for playback audio we can just mute the input microphone source, e.g by running alsamixer in a terminal.


How to read OpenJDK 7 documentation (or other -doc) packages?

If you are looking for the API Specification you can use a terminal (or Alt+F2) to open it:

gnome-open /usr/share/doc/openjdk-7-jre-headless/api/index.html

this should open the Java API with your predefined browser. If you don't want to use a terminal, you can paste the link in any browser and make a bookmark of it:

file:///usr/share/doc/openjdk-7-jre-headless/api/index.html

Hope this helps.


Can't get $(date +%F) set as environment variable

~/.pam_environment is not a script file. Use ~/.profile instead:

export TODAY=$(date +%F)


I have Ubuntu ARM running on my nexus 7.  All this revision 2 stuff with a hardware change seems a little ominous, but it works fine for me with the exception of having trouble with the tiny buttons for shutdown/restart.


How do I set Gnome's default open behavior for file types?

Right click over a file, properties, there is an "Open With" tab, set the default application there.


The file may be /etc/grub.d/40_custom or 00_header or the file you used to save password.

To find out

grep password /etc/grub.d/*

then

sudo -H gedit /etc/grub.d/<file-name>

Remove or comment out the superusers account and its associated password or password_pbkdf2

and of-course

 sudo update-grub


Ubuntu won't dual-boot; Tried BootRepair and still nothing

Tell your BIOS where to go
When you power on your machine press the key(s) to invoke the BIOS setup screen.
Then locate the screen containing the boot up order.
Find the "Ubuntu" boot option and move it higher up the list above the "Windows" boot option.
Save your BIOS changes and exit BIOS setup.
Now grub will appear to let you select between Windows and Ubuntu in a normal dual boot setup.
Previously the BIOS was booting directly into Windows and grub was never being loaded to give you a choice.


Can't get pidgin to work or install on 16.10

You may want to try installing the missing packages manually from the 16.04 versions. Here are links for

http://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/libgstreamer0.10-dev
http://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0
and the same link base for libfarstream-0.1-dev

Upper right corner to select Ubuntu version (xenial = 16.04).
You can get your architecture with

uname -a

to determine which architecture version to download.
Install downloaded packages with

sudo dpkg -i PACKAGE_FILE_LOCATION.deb


MRTG using script to grab data of sensors

Well, the simplest approach would be to just grab the last line:

sensors | grep temp1 | tail -n 1 | awk '{print int($3)}'

tail -n 1 prints the last line of the file.

or

sensors | tac | grep -m 1 temp1 | awk '{print int($3)}'

tac reverses it's input so the 1st line is now the last. That means that the first match for temp1 is the one you care about and since grep -m 1 will print only the first match, that's what you will get.

Personally, since you're using awk already, I'd do the whole thing in awk:

sensors | awk '/temp1/{k=int($2)}END{print k}

The idea here is that each time a line matches temp1, k is set to int($2). However, k is only printed in the END{} block which is executed after the rest of the file has been processed so only the last value found will be printed.


It will not give you a prompt because its waiting a client to connect to it , this message means that your installation is correct .

This link will help you Link


I was unable to get past this while dual booting ubuntu on my windows 10 laptop

It's a 1.4Gb file it's going to take sometime just leave it be.


Improving virtual Ubuntu hdd performance running on Windows host

I'd run away screaming from any documentation that mentions Lilo as a bootloader that you might be using. In this case VMWare 4's documentation (that you're citing) is 10 years old. Ignore it.

Also, if you need database performance, you don't want to be emulating anything.

Even a "raw" disk in VMWare is going through a virtual (read: emulated) disk controller. That's better than going through a virtual disk controller and then VMFS and then NTFS - but only just.

I'll be frank, your options are:

Install MySQL in Windows. I haven't tried it for yonks, but I believe it still works. Even if you keep the virtualised environment that interacts with the database, this would be better for high IO applications.
Dump or virtualise Windows, make Ubuntu the host. If your main application is Linux-based, ditch windows or at least kick it to a portion of the system that doesn't require much in the way of resources.
Move the database disk onto another disk controller and set VMWare to pass that through. I'm not sure if you can do this with the Workstation variants but "passthrough" is a good way to give VMs real native access to hardware. The overhead is fairly minimal too but it doesn't always work and it does require extra hardware if you only have one bus.
Split the system into two (or more) bare-metal installations.


Missing directory /lib/security causing boot errors

There is no file named pam_deepin_auth.so that is installed by any of the packages in the Ubuntu 20.04 default repositories. You are also not running Deepin, so you don't need the pam_deepin_auth.so file for that reason. Have you installed any software from non-default software sources that contain deepin packages in Ubuntu 20.04?
Maybe you didn't do anything seriously wrong to your system. You can still boot Ubuntu 20.04, so just ignore the boot message that you referred to in the first sentence of your question.


install zfs tools on ubuntu

PS> sudo apt install zfsutils-linux

view available zpools

PS> zpool import
   pool: zpool
     id: 4668569581804914545
  state: ONLINE
 status: Some supported features are not enabled on the pool.
 action: The pool can be imported using its name or numeric identifier, though
        some features will not be available without an explicit 'zpool upgrade'.
 config:

        zpool       ONLINE
          raidz1-0  ONLINE
            sde     ONLINE
            sdc     ONLINE
            sdd     ONLINE
            sdf     ONLINE

import the zpool

PS> sudo zpool import zpool -f
PS> zpool status
  pool: zpool
 state: ONLINE
status: Some supported features are not enabled on the pool. The pool can
        still be used, but some features are unavailable.
action: Enable all features using 'zpool upgrade'. Once this is done,
        the pool may no longer be accessible by software that does not support
        the features. See zpool-features(5) for details.
  scan: scrub repaired 0B in 30h35m with 0 errors on Mon Jul 15 06:35:09 2019
config:

        NAME        STATE     READ WRITE CKSUM
        zpool       ONLINE       0     0     0
          raidz1-0  ONLINE       0     0     0
            sde     ONLINE       0     0     0
            sdc     ONLINE       0     0     0
            sdd     ONLINE       0     0     0
            sdf     ONLINE       0     0     0


I cannot open system settings in ubuntu 17.10

Reinstall the Gnome Control Center using :

sudo apt install --reinstall gnome-control-center


Older PC won't recognize Ubuntu Live CD as valid boot media

Turned out that the drive wasn't able to read the DVD+R discs.  I didn't realize there was a "+/-" difference in recordable DVD's.  I ended up creating a bootable USB flash drive and was able to get the OS installed correctly.

Not directly related to this problem, but to close the loop on how I got the server installed, I used UNetbootin to create the bootable USB media.  Apparently, UNetbootin has a known issue where it corrupts the installation media (appears to be at least partially related to file name length).  To get around that, I also copied the install .iso to the flash drive.  After booting and getting the error about reading the CD, I opened a shell and mounted the .iso as the cd-rom.
mount -o loop <path to iso> /media/cdrom
After that, it ran as advertised.


Configure packages during unattended installation

Yes, you're looking to do what's called "preseeding". This preseeds the installer with the answers you want to the questions, Check out the documentation here:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbiquityAutomation
https://help.ubuntu.com/12.04/installation-guide/i386/appendix-preseed.html
And check out the preseedtag here too.


Seems like a reasonable plan. The warning in the wiki is mostly about different distros that will make different assumptions about what is stored in your home folder, and are pretty likely to stomp on one another. Since you're doing Ubuntu for both, it's less likely to be an issue, but could still happen since the versions of major components will be pretty significantly different. I wouldn't be too concerned about that though. There's also encryption to think about, which I would be concerned about.

If your current home directory is encrypted, make sure you take steps to account for that. At the very least make a good backup of your home directory if you don't have one already on an external drive so there's zero chance of it getting nuked while you're messing about. The only thing worse than losing data outright, is losing data because it's encrypted and you can't get it to decrypt for some reason. I'm not finding any good, current, all-in-one guides for that, but there's a lot of general info related to ecryptfs that should get you going. This guide is for encrypting the home directory of a user that isn't already encrypted, but it references the tools you'll need to use: https://www.howtogeek.com/116032/how-to-encrypt-your-home-folder-after-installing-ubuntu/

You can make getting the stuff you have setup currently in the new install easier by leveraging some not well-known apt features as discussed here: Restoring all data and dependencies from dpkg --set-selections '*'

Personally, I would actually upgrade in-place, and then just copy the root partition over to the new SSD using dd once you've got everything working. I've had very few problems with Ubuntu upgrades over the years I've been using it, so that strikes me as being less work.


Can I sell my modified version of lubuntu

As stated on the Ubuntu licensing page:

“Ubuntu is a collection of thousands of computer programs and documents created by a range of individuals, teams and companies.
Each of these programs may come under a different licence. This licence policy describes the process that we follow in determining which software will be included by default in the Ubuntu operating system.
…
While Ubuntu will not charge licence fees for this distribution, you might want to charge to print Ubuntu CDs, or create your own customised versions of Ubuntu which you sell, and should have the freedom to do so.”


Head over to the Ubuntu download page:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu/download

Start downloading your preferred version of Ubuntu (the default should be fine). After a couple of hours (depending on your internet connection), look down to section 2. Check "USB stick" and "Windows", and click "Show me how". Follow those instructions to make a Ubuntu install USB stick.

Once your USB stick is ready, plug it into your new laptop. Once you boot from that install USB stick, the instructions on on screen will take you through it step by step.


LUKS keyscript being ignored ... asks for password

Try the option "initramfs" in your /etc/crypttab (according to https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/447676/356711). Your /etc/crypttab would then look like this:

# UUID is not required here since the path to the LV won't change
secure      /dev/vg0/secure       none      luks,keyscript=/lib/cryptsetup/scripts/insecure,initramfs

Please note that it might be a problem that your root fs is in an LVM container. This issue is also mentioned in the article linked above: "But this currently only works (reliably) if the root device is not in an LVM." Fortunately, it seems that a workaround is provided.

My system looks like this:

$ lsblk
NAME                          MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE  MOUNTPOINT
sda                             8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk
└─sda1                          8:1    0 931.5G  0 part
  └─md1                         9:1    0 931.4G  0 raid1
    └─md1_crypt               253:3    0 931.4G  0 crypt
      └─raid_crypt_vg-data_lv 253:4    0 931.4G  0 lvm   /raid
sdb                             8:16   0 931.5G  0 disk
└─sdb1                          8:17   0 931.5G  0 part
  └─md1                         9:1    0 931.4G  0 raid1
    └─md1_crypt               253:3    0 931.4G  0 crypt
      └─raid_crypt_vg-data_lv 253:4    0 931.4G  0 lvm   /raid
sdc                             8:32   0 465.8G  0 disk
├─sdc1                          8:33   0   953M  0 part  /boot
└─sdc2                          8:34   0 464.8G  0 part
  └─sdc2_crypt                253:0    0 464.8G  0 crypt
    ├─system_crypt_vg-data_lv 253:1    0   447G  0 lvm   /
    └─system_crypt_vg-swap_lv 253:2    0  17.8G  0 lvm   [SWAP]

... and the following /etc/crypttab does the decryption magic with a keyscript (!) in Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS:

$ cat /etc/crypttab
# <target name> <source device>                           <key file> <options>
sdc2_crypt      UUID=[...]                                none       luks,discard,keyscript=/etc/decryptkeydevice/decryptkeydevice_keyscript.sh
md1_crypt       /dev/md1                                  none       luks,discard,keyscript=/etc/decryptkeydevice/decryptkeydevice_keyscript.sh,initramfs

Note that the decryption of sdc2_crypt with the provided keyscript works without the initramfs option (because it contains the root fs and is thus "automatically" considered in the initramfs boot phase). md1_crypt was only decrypted already during the initramfs boot phase (and thus with the keyscript according to the crypttab entry) after I added the initramfs option. The later decryption of md1_crypt during the systemd boot phase does not work with a keyscript given in crypttab because the "systemd cryptsetup" does not support the option keyscript, see https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/3007.


ubuntu 13.04 and Kubuntu and windows 8 boot problem

Do you really want EasyBCD. I do not know that, but some do use it. It has to compromise grub2's boot loader to work. You have to force grub2 to install into a partition's boot sector (PBR) which means it uses blocklists or hard coded addresses to find the rest of grub in the install. If any of those files are updated then the address may be wrong & you have to reinstall grub.
But you have to install Ubuntu's grub2 boot loader to the PBR of Ubuntu and Kubuntu's to the PBR of Kubuntu. (actually only one required as either grub will offer to boot everything.)

If you really want EasyBCD:

http://neosmart.net/wiki/display/EBCD/Ubuntu

Whichever install you install last is the boot loader that goes into the MBR of the hard drive and will be the one used to boot. Any other boot loader must be chain loaded to another boot loader or grub can find kernels and boot those also.

How to restore the Ubuntu/XP/Vista/7 bootloader

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestoreUbuntu/XP/Vista/7Bootloader

Reinstall grub2 - Short version & full chroot version

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2#Reinstalling GRUB2

I am not sure that burg has been maintained for a while, so it may not work with newer systems.


How do you remove Banshee's user-level configuration settings? (i.e. those stored in the /home/user folders)

Control+H to show hidden directories on Nautilus file browser; don't know where is banshee configuration files, maybe on .config or .gconf


How do you download zip files using wget and curl commands? I tried and both ways downloaded empty files

Have you examined the file you downloaded? A lot of sites redirect to some HTML page - which may fit the size you report. Both wget and curl work exactly the way they are supposed to.
Check the downloaded file with file filename.zip. It will probably tell you that it's HTML.


To show the hidden start-up applications, do:

sudo sed -i "s/NoDisplay=true/NoDisplay=false/g" /etc/xdg/autostart/*.desktop

Then launch Startup Applications from dash.

But if you are still not satisfied, then:

Be absolutely careful with the below software. Its a very advanced tool

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install bum

Now, you will be able to stop most of the processes by launching BootUp-Manager from dash.