Openbox login black screen with no gui in lubuntu 16.04?

Right click in the middle and select Exit.


Do I remove Grub bootloader when shifting to an older version?

No, you don't need to remove the newer grub code.
The grub software is located in /boot/grub, the MBR (first sector of a drive) is mostly just a pointer that allows the code to be found and run.
When you install another version of Ubuntu, it'll replace the MBR itself, and it's that MBR code which controls which grub is run (ie. which partition has the /boot/grub/ code that is used).  It doesn't need to be removed
My system is dual boot; having two releases of Ubuntu (groovy and 18.04), both have grub installed, but only one is actually used - the one that I used to write the MBR


installing Ubuntu within Windows 7 -- where do I get the Wubi file?

Wubi is included in  the disk image (ISO). Note that there are problems using wubi on newer hardware that has an EFI BIOS


Psql installation getting failed in ubuntu 14.04

remove the broken packages using the synaptic package manager and retry it. Mostly once the broken packages are removed, It'll install


Tab completion not always working for ls command

Your shell doesn’t have the permissions needed to read the files inside this directory. Run a root shell to work around that:

$ sudo -i
[sudo] Passwort für dessert:
root@dessertion:/etc/elasticsearch$ ls # press <TAB>


How to install cuttlefish in Ubuntu 13.04

Visit this site

Cuttlefish - Launchpad

or download

cuttlefish_12.08_all.deb


How to show apt-get install suggestions in command line?

The package responsible for verbose and more helpful "command not found" messages is command-not-found.

Install it by running

sudo apt-get install command-not-found


How can I copy all files which starts with "b" or "B" from /bin to a specific folder?


There are three major cluster deployment software.

First and my favourite is Kubernetes. You can hear explanations how it works in those two great talks:

James Strachan - Continuous Delivery of Microservices with Kubernetes

Matthew Bates - Kube all the Things

Kubernetes

The second is Docker Swarm, created and managed by Docker themselves.

Docker Swarm

And the third is Mesosphere which is datacenter container orchestration software

Mesosphere


GRUB: "invalid arch independent ELF magic" after install on SSD

Boot into Live CD and run:

sudo mount /dev/sda3 /mnt
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda


You are looking for package mat (Metadata Anonymisation Toolkit).

Install it by:

sudo apt-get install mat

Also note that, mat -c will not clear metadata, it will check if the file in consideration is free of harmful metadatas. Check man mat for details.

mat is available on the universe repository. If universe repository is not enabled already, you need to enable it first.


Setting up VNC via Putty Ubuntu 10.4.2 LTS

One alternate would be to use FreeNX . Freenx is secure and faster then VNC.

See The Ubuntu Wiki FreeNX page.

If you want to tunnel VNC over SSH I personally would use an alternate VNC server, vnc4server.

You would then ssh in with putty, tunnel the VNC port over SSH, start the vncserver, and then connect with a vnx client.

It might sound complex, but there is a very nice walk through here:

Tunnelling VNC over SSH with PuTTY

It is a graphical guide (best one I know) doing exactly what you want.

The advantage of tunneling over ssh is the it increases security.

I would also advise you use keys and disable password authentication.

Ubuntu wiki ssh keys

And finally, here is a walk through on how to import open-ssh keys to putty

Putty import ssh keys


The my-weather-indicator is possible to install on 12.04 from sources with

git clone https://git.launchpad.net/my-weather-indicator

Install dependencies with:

sudo apt-get install gir1.2-gtk-3.0 gir1.2-glib-2.0 gir1.2-gdkpixbuf-2.0 gir1.2-appindicator3-0.1 gir1.2-notify-0.7 gir1.2-webkit-3.0 gir1.2-geocodeglib-1.0 python-tz python-cairo python-lxml python-dateutil python-requests python-requests-oauthlib geoclue-hostip geoclue-ubuntu-geoip
sudo apt-get install python3-distutils-extra
sudo apt-get install python3-pip
sudo apt-get install python3-setuptools
sudo apt-get install python3-polib
sudo apt-get install python3-gi
sudo apt-get install gir1.2-geocodeglib-1.0
sudo easy_install3 pip
sudo pip3 install python-dateutil
sudo pip3 install requests
sudo pip3 install requests-oauthlib
sudo pip3 install tz
sudo pip3 install dateutil
sudo pip3 install python-dateutil
sudo pip3 install python-tz

Edit following file:

gedit ~/my-weather-indicator/src/weatherwidget.py

Change the line 92 - 111 by removing the opacity parameter to:

#pin{
    border-image: none;
    background-image: none;
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);
    border-radius: 0px;
}
#pin:hover {
    transition: 1000ms linear;
    border-image: none;
    background-image: none;
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);
    border-radius: 0px;
}

Edit the myweatherindicator.py file with:

gedit ~/my-weather-indicator/src/myweatherindicator.py

change the line 388 from:

self.weather_updater = GLib.timeout_add_seconds(self.refresh * 3600,
                                                    self.update_weather)

to:

self.weather_updater = GLib.timeout_add_seconds(int(self.refresh * 3600),
                                                    self.update_weather)

Install with command:

sudo python ~/my-weather-indicator/setup.py install

You will need to edit the file and change the preferences manually in the file ~/.config/my-weather-indicator.conf.

Then run the my-weather-indicator with

/opt/extras.ubuntu.com/my-weather-indicator/bin/my-weather-indicator


Wrong resolution after login with Xubuntu 13.10

I'd like to suggest you set the resolution after saving the original configuration file (a best practice)

  cd /etc/default ; cp -an grub grub.sav ; nano grub

In nano grub above, change the value of GRUB_GFXMODE= to 1024x768 or some other compatible resolution, and add the line

  GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep

Then run

  update-grub

and reboot after, which should resolve the problem.


How to launch Configure Kde control module by command line?

KDE Control Modules

Command:

kcmshell4 --help

Will tell:

Usage: kcmshell4 [Qt-options] [KDE-options] [options] module

A tool to start single KDE control modules

Generic options:
  --help                    Show help about options
  --help-qt                 Show Qt specific options
  --help-kde                Show KDE specific options
  --help-all                Show all options
  --author                  Show author information
  -v, --version             Show version information
  --license                 Show license information
  --                        End of options

Options:
  --list                    List all possible modules

Arguments:
  module                    Configuration module to open
  --lang <language>         Specify a particular language
  --silent                  Do not display main window
  --args <arguments>        Arguments for the module

You could use list command:

kcmshell4 --list

The following modules are available:
kwincompositing           - Configure desktop effects
display                   - Display Settings
autostart                 - A configuration tool for managing which programs start up.
ebrowsing                 - Configure enhanced browsing
kcm_phonon                - Sound and Video Configuration
.... cut....

You could pick more than one module ie. the command:

kcmshell4 kwincompositing kwindecoration kwinoptions kwinrules kwinscreenedges kwintabbox

will start modules

kwincompositing           - Configure desktop effects
kwindecoration            - Configure the look and feel of window titles
kwinoptions               - Configure the window behavior
kwinrules                 - Configure settings specifically for a window
kwinscreenedges           - Configure active screen edges
kwintabbox                - Configure the behavior for navigating through windows


find does not go through all files in folder structure

If you don't have line breaks in the names of your files or folders you should use a while instead of a for loop:

find -iname "*.wmf" | while read file; do
    uniconvertor "$file" "${i%.wmf}.svg"
done

This avoids problems with spaces in names and with too much arguments when expanding the ...


GTK+ 3.0 will be available for 11.04, but not included by default and none of the default applications will be built with gtk3.  This will give application developers time to port to gtk3, theme engines and themes to be updated, etc.


Executable files on my computer cannot be executed and cannot be run by terminal

You have to make the file executable: Just right click on the file -> Properties -> Permissions -> check Allow executing file as program.

Or from terminal:

chmod u+x starbound

Update: I missed that you wrote that even if you tried checking the box to allow the program to execute it did nothing. That is another problem that the program is not showing up. It can be a program error, error with your setup, or if it is a terminal app then it won't show up if you start it by double clicking it. I don't know what kind of program is this so I can't help until you give us some directions. But what you should try:

chmod u+x starbound launch_starbound.sh launch_starbound_server.sh starbound_server

So we made all those files executable which based on their names should be executable. After this please try running launch_starbound.sh from terminal:

./launch_starbound.sh

Does it report errors? Maybe the server thing should be started first? Try running launch_starbound_server.sh first from terminal. Does it report errors?


Why doesn't the xbacklight command work in rc.local?

You should never use rc.local for such things. rc.local is executed after each runlevel, when the GUI is not yet loaded.

At user login (doesn't matter which desktop environment)

So, create a file called /etc/X11/Xsession.d/98xbacklight with this content:

#!/bin/sh
xbacklight -display :0 -set 10

Now, evertime a new graphical session starts this script will be executed.

At lightdm start

Maybe you want the backlight to the dimmed before you login. To do this add a line in your /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf in the [SeatDefaults] part:

display-setup-script=/etc/X11/Xsession.d/98xbacklight

But, for this the script has to be executable, so set the rights as follows:

chmod 755 /etc/X11/Xsession.d/98xbacklight


How do I use MAAS to prepare to install OpenStack?

Scope
This document provides instructions on how to install the Metal As A Service
(MAAS) software.

You have sufficient, appropriate node hardware
You will be using Juju to assign workloads to MAAS
You will be configuring the cluster network to be controlled entirely by MAAS (i.e. DNS and DHCP)
If you have a compatible power-management system, any additional hardware required is also installed(e.g. IPMI network).

Introducing MAAS
Metal as a Service – MAAS – lets you treat physical servers like virtual machines in the cloud. Rather than having to manage each server individually, MAAS turns your bare metal into an elastic cloud-like resource.
What does that mean in practice? Tell MAAS about the machines you want it to manage and it will boot them, check the hardware’s okay, and have them waiting for when you need them. You can then pull nodes up, tear them down and redeploy them at will; just as you can with virtual machines in the cloud.
When you’re ready to deploy a service, MAAS gives Juju the nodes it needs to power that service. It’s as simple as that: no need to manually provision, check and, afterwards, clean-up. As your needs change, you can easily scale services up or down. Need more power for your Hadoop cluster for a few hours? Simply tear down one of your Nova compute nodes and redeploy it to Hadoop. When you’re done, it’s just as easy to give the node back to Nova.
Installing MAAS from the Cloud Archive
The Ubuntu Cloud Archive is a repository made especially to provide users with the most up to date, stable versions of MAAS, Juju and other tools. It is highly recommended to keep your software up to date:
sudo apt-get update

There are several packages that comprise a MAAS install. These are:

maas-region-controller: Which comprises the 'control' part of the software, including the web-based user interface, the API server and the main database.
maas-cluster-controller: This includes the software required to manage a cluster of nodes, including managing DHCP and boot images.
maas-dns: This is a customised DNS service that MAAS can use locally to manage DNS for all the connected nodes.
mass-dhcp: As for DNS, there is a DHCP service to enable MAAS to correctly enlist nodes and assign IP addresses.

The DHCP setup is critical for the correct PXE booting of nodes.
As a convenience, there is also a maas metapackage, which will install all these components.
If you need to separate these services or want to deploy an additional cluster
controller, you should install the corresponding packages individually.
Installing the packages
Running the command:
sudo apt-get install maas

...will initiate installation of all the components of MAAS. The maas-dhcp and maas-dns packages should be installed by default.
Once the installation is complete, the web-based interface for MAAS will start.
In many cases, your MAAS controller will have several NICs. By default,
all the services will initiate using the first discovered controller (i.e.
usually eth0)
Before you login to the server for the first time, you should create a superuser
account.
Create a superuser account
Once MAAS is installed, you'll need to create an administrator account:
sudo maas-region-admin createsuperuser

Running this command will prompt for a username, an email address and a password
for the admin user. You may also use a different username for your administrator
account, but "root" is a common convention and easy to remember.
You can run this command again for any further administrator accounts you may
wish to create, but you need at least one.
Import the boot images
MAAS will check for and download new Ubuntu images once a week. However, you'll
need to download them manually the first time. To do this you should connect to
the MAAS web interface using a web browser. Use the URL:
http://172.18.100.1/MAAS/

You should substitute in the IP address of the server where you have installed
the MAAS software. If there are several possible networks, by default it will be
on whichever one is assigned to the eth0 device.
You should see a login screen like this:

Enter the username and password you specified for the admin account. When you
have successfully logged in you should see the main MAAS page:

Either click on the link displayed in the warning at the top, or on the
'Cluster' tab in the menu to get to the cluster configuration screen. The
initial cluster is automatically added to MAAS when you install it, but it has
no associated images for booting nodes with yet. Click on the button to begin
the download of suitable boot images.
Importing the boot images can take some time, depending on the available network
connection. This page does not dynamically refresh, so you can refresh it
manually to determine when the boot images have been imported.
Login to the server
To check that everything is working properly, you should try and login to the
server now. Both the error messages should have gone (it can take a few minutes
for the boot image files to register) and you can see that there are currently
0 nodes attached to this controller.
Configure switches on the network
Some switches use Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) to negotiate a loop-free path
through a root bridge. While scanning, it can make each port wait up to 50
seconds before data is allowed to be sent on the port. This delay in turn can
cause problems with some applications/protocols such as PXE, DHCP and DNS, of
which MAAS makes extensive use.
To alleviate this problem, you should enable
Portfast
for Cisco switches or its equivalent on other vendor equipment, which enables
the ports to come up almost immediately.
Add an additional cluster
Whilst it is certainly possible to run MAAS with just one cluster controller
for all the nodes, in the interests of easier maintenance, uprades and
stability, it is desirable to have at least two operational clusters.
Each cluster needs a controller node. Install Ubuntu on this node and then
follow a similar setup proceedure to install the cluster controller software:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install maas-cluster-controller
sudo apt-get install maas-dhcp maas-dns

Once the cluster software is installed, it is useful to run:
sudo dpkg-reconfigure maas-cluster-controller

This will enable you to make sure the cluster controller agent is pointed at the
correct address for the MAAS master controller.

Configure additional Cluster Controller(s)
Cluster acceptance
When you install your first cluster controller on the same system as the region
controller, it will be automatically accepted by default (but not yet
configured, see below). Any other cluster controllers you set up will show up
in the user interface as “pending,” until you manually accept them into the MAAS.
To accept a cluster controller, click on the "Clusters" tab at the top of the
MAAS web interface:
You should see that the text at the top of the page indicates a pending cluster.
Click on that text to get to the Cluster acceptance screen.

Here you can change the cluster’s name as it appears in the UI, its DNS zone,
and its status. Accepting the cluster changes its status from “pending” to
“accepted.”
Now that the cluster controller is accepted, you can configure one or more of
its network interfaces to be managed by MAAS. This will enable the cluster
controller to manage nodes attached to those networks. The next section
explains how to do this and what choices are to be made.
Cluster Configuration
MAAS automatically recognises the network interfaces on each cluster controller.
Some of these will be connected to networks where you want to manage nodes. We
recommend letting your cluster controller act as a DHCP server for these
networks, by configuring those interfaces in the MAAS user interface.
As an example, we will configure the cluster controller to manage a network on
interface eth0. Click on the edit icon for eth0, which takes us to this page:

Here you can select to what extent you want the cluster controller to manage the
network:

DHCP only - this will run a DHCP server on your cluster
DHCP and DNS - this will run a DHCP server on the cluster and configure the
DNS server included with the region controller so that it can be used to look up
hosts on this network by name (recommended).

You cannot have DNS management without DHCP management because MAAS relies on
its own DHCP server’s leases file to work out the IP address of nodes in the
cluster.
If you set the interface to be managed, you now need to provide all of the usual
DHCP details in the input fields below. Once done, click “Save interface”. The
cluster controller will now be able to boot nodes on this network.
There is also an option to leave the network unmanaged. Use this for
networks where you don’t want to manage any nodes. Or, if you do want to manage
nodes but want to use an existing DHCP service on your network.
A single cluster controller can manage more than one network, each
from a different network interface on the cluster-controller server. This may
help you scale your cluster to larger numbers of nodes, or it may be a
requirement of your network architecture.
Enlisting nodes
Now that the MAAS controller is running, we need to make the nodes aware of MAAS
and vice-versa. With MAAS controlling DHCP and nodes capable of PXE booting,
this is straightforward
Automatic Discovery
With nodes set to boot from a PXE image, they will start, look for a DHCP
server, receive the PXE boot details, boot the image, contact the MAAS server
and shut down.
During this process, the MAAS server will be passed information about the node,
including the architecture, MAC address and other details which will be stored
in the database of nodes. You can accept and comission the nodes via the web
interface. When the nodes have been accepted the selected series of Ubuntu will
be installed.

You may also accept and commission all nodes from the commandline.
This requires that you first login with the API key, then run the command:
maas-cli maas-profile nodes accept-all

Once commissioned, the node's status will be updated to "Ready". you can check the results of the comissioning scripts by clicking on the node name and then clicking on the link below the heading "Commissioning output". The screen will show a list of files and their result - you can further examine the output by clicking on the status of any of the files.

Manually adding nodes
If your nodes are not capable of booting from PXE images, they can be manually
registered with MAAS. On the main web interface screen, click on the "Add Node"
button:

This will load a new page where you can manually enter details about the node,
including its MAC address. This is used to identify the node when it contacts
the DHCP server.

Power management
MAAS supports several types of power management. To configure power management,
you should click on an individual node entry, then click on the "Edit" button.
The power management type should be selected from the drop down list, and the
appropriate power management details added.

If you have a large number of nodes, it should be possible to script this
process using the MAAS cli.
Without power management, MAAS will be unable to power on nodes when they are
required.
Next Steps:

How do I prepare MAAS to serve images on OpenStack?
How do I deploy an OpenStack cloud with Juju?


The answer is: it's not actually your problem.

Some logitech cameras have usb bandwidth allocation bug. Lets see if that's the case.

cat /sys/kernel/debug/usb/devices | grep "B: "

will give you current bandwidth allocation of all usb hubs, output will be something like this:

B:  Alloc=  0/900 us ( 0%), #Int=  0, #Iso=  0
B:  Alloc=  0/900 us ( 0%), #Int=  0, #Iso=  0
B:  Alloc=  0/900 us ( 0%), #Int=  0, #Iso=  0
B:  Alloc= 35/900 us ( 4%), #Int=  3, #Iso=  0
B:  Alloc=  0/900 us ( 0%), #Int=  0, #Iso=  0
B:  Alloc=  0/800 us ( 0%), #Int=  0, #Iso=  0
B:  Alloc=  0/800 us ( 0%), #Int=  0, #Iso=  0

As you can see, I currently have 35 mbps allocated of my usb3 hub. The problem with some logitech cameras, though, is that they will always allocate as much as they can get (480 mbps), disregarding of mode. And so it's down to simple arithmetic as 480 + 480 > 900 and second camera just "won't fit".

As long as your cameras are plugged in the same hardware usb hub, you will have that problem.

Also bear in mind, that webcamera usually allocates 128mbps in MJPEG and 424mbps in uncompressed mode for 640x480.


The desktop of ubuntu 15.04, doesn't work

First logout of the system and press CTRL + ALT + F1 which will open a terminal, then type the following:

apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
apt-get install unity
apt-get purge nvidia* bumblebee*
apt-get install nvidia-prime
shutdown -r now


How do I stop Banshee from automatically starting when I plug in my Android device?

You could try changing the default behaviour for plugged in devices in Nautilus settings (the tab is called Devices I believe).

Like "Insert Audio CD" --> "open player" etc


Can't boot Lubuntu 64-bit without UEFI-CSM support

By making two changes in how I burn the image using Rufus, I am able to get a USB installer that works on a Wyse D90D7:

Check the "Add Fixes for old BIOSes" option in the Advanced Drive Properties area
When you click the Start button to burn the image, it will ask if you want the recommended write method, or DD.  Choose DD.


Install Laravel framework in ubuntu 14.04

First install Composer "The Dependency Manager for PHP" by this command:

    curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php
    mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

or read Composer installation

Then install Laravel project by this command:

    composer create-project laravel/laravel your-project-name --prefer-dist

or read Laravel Quickstart

that's it.

Now run your project by:

    php artisan serve

enjoy!


How to integrate Google contacts and calendar in Ubuntu 15.10?

Many GTK+ apps use evolution-data-server as their backend for calendaring and address books. Adding your calendars and address books in Evolution will make they appear as data sources in Maya, GNOME Calendar, California, GNOME Contacts, Dash, GNOME To Do, and a bunch of other programs.


At the link recommended by @fixi7 in the first comment, I found the solution to my issue (it seems to work), that is, do: sudo systemctl edit apt-daily.timer and paste the following text into the editor window:

# apt-daily timer configuration override
[Timer]
OnBootSec=15min
OnUnitActiveSec=1d
AccuracySec=1h
RandomizedDelaySec=30min

Now, the output of $ systemd-analyze time && systemd-analyze blame
is:

Startup finished in 3.454s (kernel) + 27.151s (userspace) = 30.605s
     15.729s dev-sda4.device
     11.691s systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
     10.565s systemd-sysctl.service
      5.548s udisks2.service
      5.384s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
      4.860s snapd.service
      3.605s console-setup.service
      2.556s gpu-manager.service
      2.027s ModemManager.service
      1.996s lightdm.service
      1.982s accounts-daemon.service
      1.817s apparmor.service
      1.660s iio-sensor-proxy.service
      1.416s systemd-rfkill.service
      1.371s thermald.service
      1.240s keyboard-setup.service
      1.183s systemd-modules-load.service
       979ms apt-daily.service
       924ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
       911ms systemd-journald.service
       818ms dev-loop0.device
       734ms irqbalance.service
       606ms avahi-daemon.service

Time to boot is considerably reduced.


Specifying the active screen for fullscreen KDE applications

You can set manual overrides for things using the Window Rules feature of KDE. The easiest way is to open the program then right click it's title bar and select More Actions then Special Application Settings then adjust the Screen setting to Force and specify the number of the screen, I believe 1 is the primary and 2 would be your secondary monitor.


You can use the method explained here:
How to disable the guest account via the GUI?

Short version:
Install the ubuntu tweak from here: http://ubuntu-tweak.com/
Goto Ubuntu Tweak > Tweaks > Login Settings > Guest Account > OFF


How to start executable program from terminal?

You have a space between ./ and clipgrab-3.4.2.x86_64. It should run if you type ./clipgrab-3.4.2.x86_64 with no spaces.


Starting a VBoxManage in Ubuntu on Startup

Click on 'menu', type startup in search box.
Click on app 'Startup Applications'.
Click button 'Add'.
Type the name of your command in first field.
Type the command you choose in second field.

virtualbox # GUI interface
# VBoxManage ... # what you need execute

For example
Type comment in third field, if needed.
Click button 'Add' on bottom side.


How can I install/use "odt-meta" for Ubuntu to check metadata for odt-files?

I don't see odt-meta on my system -- is this odt-meta provided by calibre package (see man page)?  I'm also using calibre on Ubuntu (20.04), but the version provided by the ubuntu repo didn't work / was too old, so I ended up installing the latest calibre from tar.gz (version 5.x), and it didn't include odt-meta, but rather ebook-meta, so I can't actually test this out at the moment. The new ebook-meta utility also has a command-line "help" usage option (-h), so perhaps the old odt-meta might also; you could try running odt-meta -h, and then just probably do: $ odt-meta {filename.odt}
Fwiw, for this reason (odt-meta no longer is provided w/ later versions of calibre), I wouldn't presume to expect odt-meta to be there in the future, so you might consider a different utility to check ODT metadata, eg exiftool, apache tika, etc.


I also lost my sound when upgrading to 13.10.

To fix it, I ran this in Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T):

sudo alsa force-reload

Did a restart, and everything was working perfectly.


That would wipe it all. This might be a little faster:

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/[DESTROY ME] bs=1M

If you want to zap it with randomly generated data please see,
https://superuser.com/questions/792427/creating-a-large-file-of-random-bytes-quickly


Through my years of troubleshooting and repairing computers, I have learned that on laptops sometimes you need to reset the power-management on the unit.

Resetting the power-management is simple.

Take the battery and power supply out of the laptop.
Press the power button a few times to drain any capacitance of power left in the laptop.
Connect battery and power supply back to laptop and power back on.

Hope this helps!


getting rid of dialog box when android phone connected

Install dconf-editor.
Go to org -> gnome -> desktop -> media-handling
Uncheck automount_open


Can't boot Ubuntu after hard reset. (GRUB issues)

Grab some live CD or live USB with any Ubuntu taste or version, and repair your GRUB running it. This link can help: How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?).


Put . ~/.bashrc and now prompts 2 files to edit indefinitely

Delete the line:

alias alias="vi ~/.bash_aliases"

Also probably delete the line:

alias compile=". ~/.bashrc"


Install the accelerated driver:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-nouveau


Looking to remap side buttons on Logitech Marble to scroll -- how is this done?

This is the most comprehensive tutorial for configuring the buttons on the Logitech Trackman Marble.  Hope this helps.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Logitech_Marblemouse_USB


How do I get a Samsung ES 73 Camera working?

After digital cameras are connected to the USB port and switched on, they are normally automatically mounted and made available to the filebrowser by libgphoto2, and even though your model is not on the compatibility list, it will probably still work. Searching the mailing lists is also a good way of finding possible compatibility issues with your particular model.

After reading the official manual for your camera, there does seem to be some other settings on the camera itself, which will allow you to specify how it connects to your computer. The screenshot below shows these settings: in automatic mode it will be recognised in Ubuntu as a PTP device (by libgphoto) and in computer mode as a USB mass storage device. In this latter mode your camera is recognised just like a flash drive, and the gphoto libraries are not used when it is mounted this way. It is worth experimenting with these modes, and there is more information on them in the useful gphoto FAQ.

However, if you are still having problems, it may be possible to mount the camera using gvfs-mount. I go through that whole process in detail in another answer. It is about a different model of camera, but the instructions will be the same:

Can't transfer photos from Kodak Easy Share C195 Camera

In that answer I also mention software such as gthumb and shotwell, which can be used to import your photos.


grant command syntax error near password in shell script

You need to double escape, surrounding the \${db_pass} bit with \\\" (that's the escaping sequence for \").

Like this:

ssh -t qbadmin@10.3.2.0 '
su root -c "
echo \"Give db name :\";
read db_name;
echo \"Give password :\";
read db_pass;
host=localhost;
sql1=\"create database \$db_name;\";
sql2=\"grant all on \${db_name}.* to \${db_name}@\${host} identified by \"\\\"\${db_pass}\\\"\";\";
sql3=\"\${sql1}\${sql2}\";
echo \"==============\";
mysql -u root -p -e \"\${sql3}\";
";
'


Tomcat installation directory for Eclipse

Probably no longer interesting for the questioner but maybe for others looking at this question: The solution for me was to use the "Download and Install..." button offered by eclipse itself. Marked it in the screenshot of the question:


You can try to head to this Brother page,
http://support.brother.com/g/b/downloadtop.aspx?c=us&lang=en&prod=mfcj430w_all,

Then chosse Linux(deb) and download the printer driver.


It seems that sacli is not packaged.

You can download the OpenVPN Access Server from Download page. Then install it to your system with:

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

cd ~/Downloads
wget https://swupdate.openvpn.org/as/openvpn-as-2.7.3-Ubuntu16.amd_64.deb
sudo apt install ./openvpn-as-2.7.3-Ubuntu16.amd_64.deb # for 16.04 LTS

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

cd ~/Downloads
wget https://openvpn.net/downloads/openvpn-as-latest-ubuntu18.amd_64.deb
sudo apt install ./openvpn-as-latest-ubuntu18.amd_64.deb

and then launch sacli with

/usr/local/openvpn_as/scripts/sacli


gcc error libSDL missing while using "make"

To install libsdl1.2-dev in an "official" way, run:

sudo apt-get install libsdl1.2-dev

After that you might need to run .configure again.

The libSDL.so is not placed directly in the /usr/lib. The package from APT configures the path by placing a file in /etc/ld.so.conf.d/, for example:

$ cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu.conf
# Multiarch support
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu


Possible to install (and run) Foxit PhantomPDF successfully on Ubuntu with Wine?

So I followed the links provided by nutty about natty and tested the app using a fresh install using Wine 2.15 (August 20, 2017) with 32 bit (Like the guide I created. Just followed the steps up to the point after running winecfg).

At that point I tried installing the MSI package and the installation went well until at the last window of the installation it told me it failed prematurely and it basically deleted everything that was installed when I clicked on the OK button to finalize the installation.

So what I did was install it again, but instead of clicking on the OK button at the end after the getting the error, I went to the Fox It folder, copied all the content, put it somewhere else and then click on the OK button. After the installer deleted everything again, I overwrote the destination folder with the backup I had created. Then I simply ran the executable and:

Here is me studying AWK again (I suffer from really bad memory so I need to study and repeat things multiple times for them to stick):

Note that this was done without any winetrick apps. Just installing wine, doing the backup once the installer fails and that was basically it. If there is any issues then is probably something additional that was installed. This was tested using Windows 7, but it also worked on Windows 8 and 10.


Maverick, Lucid, and Karmic builds failed.


Has anyone gotten Edimax 7811 to work under 11.10?

to solve the "linux/smp_lock.h not found" error you need to edit this two files into the archive driver/rtl8192_8188CU_linux_v3.1.2590.20110922.tar.gz

file 1: include/rtw_io.h

Change osdep_service.h (line 49) linux/smp_lock.h to linux/smp.h

file 2: include/osdep_service.h

Change file rtw_io.h (line 36) linux/smp_lock.h to linux/smp.h

Installing Realtek 8188 wireless driver fails
this works for me.


Logitech USB headset not working in 14.04

It's only because your hardware mapping is not configured automatically by your Ubuntu. You can solve this manually.

Find whether your system is showing your Logitech USB headset or not.

Go to Settings > Sound:

This will be here, go to the terminal, type this command:

xinput list

Enable your device by putting its ID at place 13 in code with this command:

xinput set-prop 13 "Device Enabled" 0

Like this - see the last line:


How to start service after resume from hibernate in Ubuntu 20.04?

Answering my own solution here:
The approach was in fact the same as adding functions to resume from suspend, I must have made errors on my earlier tries.
This is how I did it:
Following the first answer from this question, I added a script called batt_script in /lib/systemd/system-sleep:
#!/bin/sh

PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin

case "$1" in
    pre)
            #code execution BEFORE sleeping/hibernating/suspending
    ;;
    post)
            #code execution AFTER resuming
             sudo systemctl start battery-charge-threshold.service
    ;;
esac

exit 0

The command sudo systemctl start battery-charge-threshold.service in the post-section of the script is what runs the service, and it happens just before the login screen appears (indicated by the charge state LED indicator switching from Charging to Full)
I am happy I solved this, hopefully this can help someone else.


Virtualbox "system is not currently set up to build kernel modules"

You have a spoiled /etc/default/grub file.

Fix the line

GRUB_DEFAULT="                                                               Windows 10"

to

GRUB_DEFAULT=0

Then remove

GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT="false"

and run

sudo update-grub

Then reboot.


Ubuntu 16.04 Skylake 6th Generation Screen Flickering

@brianjcohen led me in the right direction. The Bug report on chromium had some good discussions on some background on the issue, but apparently it's somewhat of an x.org issue with Intel driver options. You can reference it here if you'd like:

https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=606152#c63

To fix it, create or edit the file at /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf as root with the following:

Section "Device"
    Identifier "Intel Graphics"
    Driver "intel"
    Option "AccelMethod" "sna"
    Option "TearFree" "true"
    Option "DRI" "3"
EndSection

From the discussion, the AccelMethod should by default be sna, but   apparently not explicitly setting it as such could cause X to crash. sna is definitely faster than downgrading it to uxa.
TearFree helps prevent tears in video rendering
DRI is a method on how the driver renders things, I think this was the key option. You can find out a whole bunch on what it is here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_Rendering_Infrastructure#DRI3
You can also read the man page at man 4 intel


After many hours of debugging the issue, I detached the volume from this instance and attached it as a secondary volume in another instnace I had access to.

It turns out that, by mistake, I entered to quotes at the end of a line in /etc/default/locale file, as follows:

LANG="en_US.UTF-8""

Aparently, this caused the disk not being able to mount. I corrected the file removing the extra quote:

LANG="en_US.UTF-8"

After that, I reattached the volume to the original instance and it booted up!

If anyone could share the technical reason about why a syntax error in the locale file can cause the disk not to mount, it would be much appreciated.

Thanks!


Using GParted to expand my root partition

I see 2 possible solutions, but in either case you'll first need to move your swap partition to the end of the unallocated space. Click on the swap partition and slide it all the way to the right. Click "apply".

Go have lunch/dinner/a couple of beers, it's going to take a while.

Then you'll need to expand sda2 (the extended partition) to include all of the unallocated space. Click on sda2, then click Resize/Move. Make it as big as you can, try getting the numbers for before and after as small as you can (you'll probably have at least 1MiB both before and after).

Since sda5 is lvm2, the cleanest way (least likely to break something) is to create a new partition (sda6) using all of the unallocated space and create another PV using sda6 and add it to your VG. Then you can resize any/all of your logical volumes in that VG using lvresize(8). Make sure you use the -r option to grow the filesystem as well.

The other option is to try and resize sda5. Gparted may well refuse, since it usually can't see inside a LVM PV and usually won't do something that will probably destroy data.

I've never tried to grow a PV this way, so I can't say for sure. I know that the first option will work.

If it does work, you'll likely still have to do a pvresize(8), followed by an lvresize(8).

ron


There is already an update present in the Kubuntu Backports PPA. It could fix this bug. In theory.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


My processor is 64-bit - does that mean I need the amd64 image?

X64, amd64 and x86-64 are names for the same processor type. It's often called amd64 because AMD came up with it initially. All current general-public 64-bit desktops and servers have an amd64 processor.

There is a processor type called IA-64 or Itanium. It's only found in supercomputers and a few high-end servers.

A 64-bit processor can run a 32-bit system, so you have a choice of installing the amd64 version or the i386 version. Here are a few points of comparison:

A few years ago, some programs had bugs when compiled for 64-bit processors, but that's mostly a thing of the past.
You can run 32-bit programs on a 64-bit system; the converse is not true.
A 32-bit kernel can access more than 4GB of RAM, so having more than 4GB of RAM is not a compelling reason to run a 64-bit kernel. On the other hand, a 32-bit program can only access less about 3GB of memory.
Which one is faster depends on the application (number crunching can be more than twice as fast in 64-bit mode, while symbolic manipulation can be more than twice as slow).

If in doubt, on an amd64-capable processor, use an amd64 distribution.


You don't install BackTrack on another OS.

You either run it as a LiveCD, or you install it on a disk as the operating system. I assume you want to keep your existing operating system (your Ubuntu install) so don't try and install BackTrack over it; run it as a LiveCD or install it on another disk or partition.

Backtrack on USB stick works perfectly for penetration testing. I have one USB stick just for this purpose. You will need to ensure your machine can boot from USB (set this in the BIOS) and that the install you have on the stick is a Live install (ie bootable) and it should boot to BackTrack without any problem.

Update: the BackTrack FAQ says this about using BackTrack tools in Ubuntu and vice versa:

  Why cant I just add the Backtrack repositories to my Ubuntu install or
  the Ubuntu repositories to my Backtrack install ?

  We highly recommend against this action because Backtrack tools are
  built with many custom features, libraries and kernel. We have no way
  of knowing how they will perform on a non Backtrack distribution, plus
  you will very quickly break your install. Also if you chose to add the
  ubuntu repositories to your Backtrack install, you will most certainly
  break your entire Backtrack install very quickly. We do a lot of
  testing to ensure that all packages in our repo will work together
  without causing problems. If you decide on this course of action you
  do so entirely at your own risk and the backtrack team will not offer
  any support in any way.


View GPU processor activity in real time?

Yes, it is hardware-specific.
For Intel graphics you can use sudo intel_gpu_top, which should do exactly what you want.
If you don't have it (which is very unlikely), just install intel-gpu-tools.


Installing Graphics Drivers on Dell XPS 17

I have the newer version of the XPS 17 (L702X). I installed bumblebee about a year and a half ago and it works very well.

You can try and follow the instructions on the Ubuntu wiki to install Bumblebee again.


The -y options means, that apt-get won't wait for user confirmation (assume "yes" when question for confirmation would appear).

There is many commands in Unix and Linux with -y or other option working it the same way.
You can learn such things by yourself using manual (man) like this:

man apt-get


It may be due folder permission problem.

Open AVD Manager from Terminal (user@tech-ubuntu:~$ android avd)
Using the AVD Manager create the new virtual device and then click OK. An error window will appear which shows the path and permission denied message.
In terminal==>
user@tech-ubuntu:~$ sudo chown -R root:root /path_specified
user@tech-ubuntu:~$ sudo chmod -R +r /path_specified
where path is the path_specified(eg: /home/user/.android/avd/) in the error dialog.
Now create new device from AVD Manager through eclipse or directly from terminal ...
Hope this helps you.


Try to install ubuntu from the alternate cd
Boot from Live CD and update your additional drivers then your system sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get upgrade


Is it possible (easy) to reset the scores in Ubuntu Gnome Mahjongg?

You will find the scores in ~/.local/share/gnome-mahjongg/history
You can view the content by entering gedit ~/.local/share/gnome-mahjongg/history in the terminal.
To reset the scores you can just delete the file: rm ~/.local/share/gnome-mahjongg/history


No space left on the device though there is space

That isn't how Linux works.

You need to move files from

/dev/xvda2                                       5.9G  5.9G     0 100% /

to some other place.

You can find which files are using space by using du.

du -kx | sort -nr | less

Will list files and directories ordered by which use the most space.

You could move them and symlink them if needed so that they appear to be in the previous location.

e.g. I use uvt on my system and so my uvt directory is rather large, I may want to move it out of my root file system

mkdir -p /mnt/var/lib/uvtool/libvirt
mv /var/lib/uvtool/libvirt/images /mnt/var/lib/uvtool/libvirt
ln -s /mnt/var/lib/uvtool/libvirt/images /var/lib/uvtool/libvirt/images

In this case I'd have to shutdown those uvt machines before I move them. Depending on what you move you may need to shutdown services and/or restart them after the data is moved.


How can I connect my Raspberry Pi B 8GB RAM with Ubuntu x64 installed to a laptop display using VNC?

I think what you are trying to achieve is install VNC Server on the host and view that on your laptop. If not, please clarify your question. In that case, you can use this website to achieve this. It does a good job at explaining the process, better than I can explain writing it here.
If the Ubuntu version that the website is too old, try using this method. It uses TightVNC and is supported by Ubuntu 20.04.


How to execute a custom script when Internet reconnects?

Here's a very simple bash script. Make it executable with chmod +x and add as custom startup application to run this continuously on every login. Since I've mentioned aplay, this should work in command line, not just gui. My current laptop doesn't have sound,so i had to test everything with notify-send . Feel free to adapt the script as necessary.

#!/bin/bash
# set -x

while [ 1 ]; do
  STATUS_CURRENT=$(nmcli -t -f STATE nm status)
  if [[ $STATUS_CURRENT == "connected"  &&  $STATUS_LAST != "connected" ]]; then
        # replace this with aplay sound
        notify-send "We've connected"

# elif [[ $STATUS_CURRENT == "disconnected"  &&  $STATUS_LAST == "connected"  ]];then
#       notify-send "Disconnected now"
  fi

   STATUS_LAST="$STATUS_CURRENT"
   sleep 2
done


How can I change the mount point of an external hard drive

Use hfsplus as fs type instead of hpfs [hpfs for ntfs].


Removing Windows 8 to run Ubuntu OS on an Intel i7 7348

Create a bootable Linux USB stick on Windows OS.(You can see steps of it here)
Then, boot computer from USB after booting it, there will be two option install ubuntu and try ubuntu. Choose install ubuntu and next steps until you come partition part when you came there select choose something else option then format windows partition to EXT4 and assign mount point to '/'.
After these steps linux will be installed and restarted. You can search creating swap area while partition from net.


After running it once as root (via sudo) the ownership of your opera profile are set to root. You should correct this. Change the owner of .opera and all subdirectories and files (with -R recursive option):

sudo chown -R group_name.user_name ~/.opera

and it should work.


Upgrade from 10.10 to 11.04 to 11.10. X starts, Unity desktop not there

Solved it.

In my case, I was running the proprietary ATI drivers (fglrx) for my ATI/Radeon graphics card. At some point during the upgrade, Ubuntu installed the open source ati/radeon drivers. However, these two drivers cannot exist alongside one another  See bug 285603.

From what I can tell, the proprietary ATI drivers cause problems with Xorg especially if they exist alongside the opensource ATI drivers.

This is a common problem, and the steps are pretty well documented.

To fix this, I uninstalled the proprietary ATI drivers (fglrx) using these instructions. I had to use the section called "Problem: Need to fully remove -fglrx and reinstall -ati from scratch".

Then, I installed the open-source ATI drivers instead. The open-source drivers are called 'ati' or 'radeon'. I followed these instructions:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RadeonDriver

If anyone really wants the proprietary fglrx  driver, you should still consider replacing the proprietary drivers with the Radeon drivers first, so that you can make your system stable first. Once the system is stable, then try experimenting with the ATI proprietary drivers starting from a stable system.


How do I get Hexchat to start with and show a system tray icon on Ubuntu 18.04?

Try using this gnome extension: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1031/topicons/
It is working for me on Ubuntu 18.04


Is it possible to create bootable USB stick on 512 Mb flash drive?

You could try using Ubuntu Customization Kit available here http://uck.sourceforge.net
it let you create a custom distribution based on Ubuntu with packages you need. You should also be able to customize language pack, default language, keyboard layout ecc... I hope it helps.


How to change focus from left window to right window or to refresh the browser using a shortcut

Firefox does not expose a command line interface to refresh the currently displayed page. Directly interacting with Firefox through a system wide hotkey to refresh a page therefore is not possible.
Still, you could set up a small script with automation tools that, when activated with a a shortcut key, would briefly switch to firefox, press F5 there and then switch back to the previous application. You could achieve this with only xdotool. It can switch to a specific window (just like wmctrl mentioned below) and simulate keystrokes. Simulating an Alt+Esc keystroke would switch you back to the previous window.
Jumping to the browser with a single shortcut key is already build in in a standard Ubuntu desktop. If you have your browser on the dock in for example the first position, then Super+1 will immediately switch you to the browser. If using Firefox, then press Ctrl+l to move to the URL bar and type your search. When done, press Alt+esc to return to your previous window.
In any desktop, the following oneliner will work to set up a hotkey that switches to Firefox, or launches it if not already running.
sh -c "wmctrl -x -a Firefox || firefox"

A solution on steroids, based on the same principle, is provided by the utility jumpapp.


How can I configure and print with an HP LaserJet 1000?

Try downloading and the latest HP printer drivers.  I prefer this over using the ones that come with Ubuntu or Ubuntu's repository.

http://hplipopensource.com/


Add an entry for UnwantedLaptopHostname to /etc/hosts or you DNS server, or change /etc/hostname to a name that is known by /etc/hosts or you DNS.


Why isn't .profile sourced when opening a terminal?

Because terminals don't usually run login shells by default. They also usually have options to run login shells, which do source .profile.
To control the behaviour of login shells.
Depends on the shell. For bash, see the set of startup files.
Not in some sense (updating login records, for example).
If you have a folder called bin in $HOME, the default .profile for Ubuntu does add it to your PATH. Since .profile is sourced at login (even with a GUI login), it should be part of your PATH for non-login shells started after a re-login. It isn't wrong if a directory appears twice in PATH, see this U&L question for details.


Boot to black screen and cannot start grub to set nomodeset

Boot from the Ubuntu installation media.
Highlight Try Ubuntu without installing.
Press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line.
Press the F10 key to boot into the Live desktop.
Start installation of the Ubuntu system.

When finished boot the installed system.
Highlight the Ubuntu GRUB menu entry.
Press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line.
Press the F10 key to boot into Ubuntu system.
Now first of all install the NVIDIA drivers.

Reboot ... you don't have to add a parameter anymore.


Installing software (Realplayer) not from 'software' - is my missing package THAT important?

Concerning the package, to get it just do sudo apt-get install lsb

That doesn't guarantee that realplayer would work at all. Even if it does start you may face plenty of issues. It's been discontinued about 6 years ago. This blog post on their website says look for alternatives. This archeive here has the old realplayer versions but it says clearly that to get them to work you have to check their code and compile.

My advice is go for VLC. I used it on windows and I use it daily on ubuntu and it's never let me down. I had videos with strange codecs, they didn't work on any player but VLC got them to play (almost hehe)


What is the difference between the alternative and desktop cd images?

Yes. The alternate CD comes with all the Ubuntu packages (and so can be used as an upgrade package source by simply running apt-cdrom add). The desktop CD has all those packages already installed as part of the squashfs image, which is convenient for doing new installations, but unusable for doing upgrades with.


Multiple resumable file download using wget or other command line download tool?

Aria2 is the best and most powerful command line download tool. It can do everything wget can and much more.

http://aria2.sourceforge.net

Aria2 is also used as a plugin with uGet so one can use the power of aria2 with the user-friendly GUI of uGet.

http://uGetdm.com


Ubuntu 17.10 crashed. How can I recover the lost files?

You have a few options here:

Boot from your installation USB drive, select advanced options, go into recovery mode, mount your file systems and copy your data off--perhaps to a different USB drive
Boot from your installation USB, reinstall the OS, but keep the filesystem intact during install

The following post should also prove to be helpful:

How to Fix an Ubuntu System When it Won't Boot!


Change color of Date and Weather app in Ubuntu 12.04 & Mate

"GNOME Color Chooser" works for me (I use Ubuntu 12.04 with Mate), and it's available in the Ubuntu Software Centre.


There is a bug with VMware module vmnet, and Linux Kernels 3.19 and later. The instructions to fix this are on the Arch WiKi


How to edit grub for many entries of previous kernels with multiple ubuntu installations?

I'm guessing that the "Previous Linux versions" submenu isn't being created because of all the different boot points that you have.  But you should be able to add it with the Grub Customizer:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

Once you have that installed and running, you can manually create the "Previous Linux versions" submenu.  I don't know if future runs of grub-update will respect that setting with regards to managing newer kernel versions, but it should at least help you to better manage this issue.


You run out of space on your main disk (/dev/sdb5), indeed as you can see, df says:

/dev/sdb5      ..... 100% /

Well, this is a problem since /tmp resides on root (/), among other things.

I think in your case the best and easiest solution is to enlarge your root (/) by shrink-ing your /home, since it is really really big.


You installed a wrong driver for your adapter.

nvidia-current is a package for legacy cards.

You need to remove it and install the correct one:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo apt-get install nvidia-346 nvidia-prime

prime-select should work after reboot.

These commands will install Nvidia driver version 346 for Ubuntu 14.04 and 15.04.

For Ubuntu 15.10 the commands will install driver version 352.


Inspiron 15-3552 - Dell's Recovery Mechanism and Partition Sizing for 14.04.5 LTS

As you probably assumed, "Dell Recovery" is Dell's proprietary backup and recovery software, it is not a part of Ubuntu.

Assuming Dell didn't pre-load your OS with a bunch of their own software, 3 GB should be enough for an original fresh(ish) installation of Ubuntu. If you're referring to the recovery partition, keep in mind it's also in a compressed format. For Dell computers that come with Windows OS, my experience is roughly in line with your research (7-10 GB recovery partition).


Installing to external USB Flash/HDD UEFI

Ordinarily, installing Ubuntu will make the following changes:

Create partition(s) for Ubuntu and install Ubuntu files on that/those partition(s). These changes can be restricted to your external disk without too much difficulty, provided you pay attention during the installation process.
Install the boot loader. This can mean:

If the install is in BIOS mode, code will be written to the MBR and/or to the partition you select, as well as to other location(s) on the disk.
If the install is in EFI mode, files will be written to the EFI System Partition (ESP) identified by the installer. An EFI-mode install will also modify the boot loader list maintained in NVRAM.

The type of installation you're suggesting makes controlling the boot loader installation difficult, since the Ubuntu installer's (Ubiquity's) tools for controlling boot loader location are a bit crude, particularly for EFI-mode installations. Unless you both know what you're doing and are very careful, you're likely to end up changing files on your internal hard disk. Most people who attempt this end up with GRUB partially installed on the computer's internal disk and partially on the external disk, meaning that the computer will fail to boot when you attempt to boot with the external disk unplugged.

Also, note that the boot mode is important. Your existing pre-installed Windows 8.1 is almost certainly in EFI mode. Installing Ubuntu in EFI mode is therefore advisable; however, be aware that the Ubuntu installation mode really only affects the boot loader. Thus, depending on how you do it, you might be able to install in BIOS mode (or on a BIOS-only computer), so long as you get an EFI-mode boot loader installed. (More on that shortly....)

There are basically two good ways to proceed:

Install to the external drive, but ensure that GRUB installs there, too, not to the internal drive. The best way to do this is to temporarily change the type code of the ESP on the internal disk, ensure that you've got an ESP on the external disk, and install normally in EFI mode. When you're done, you should change the type code of the internal ESP back to the right value and also copy EFI/ubuntu/ on the external disk's ESP to EFI/BOOT and rename shimx64.efi in that directory to bootx64.efi. This should make the external disk bootable like a USB drive. You'll be left with an altered NVRAM, but the entries will be automatically removed, or at least ignored. You'll have to use your firmware's boot manager to determine which OS to boot. A mistake could lead to the sort of problem I described, where GRUB will control everything and fail if you boot without the external disk plugged in. You'll then need to fix that problem by appropriate file juggling.
Launch the Ubuntu installation disk in its "try before installing" mode, open a Terminal, and then type ubiquity -b. This will cause the installer to install normally but to skip installing any boot loader. You'll have to correct this yourself by installing the boot loader of your choice. Semi-automated tools to install GRUB 2 exist, but are as likely to get it wrong as to get it right. The easiest solution is likely to be to install my own rEFInd from its .zip file by using the --usedefault option to install.sh, as in ./install.sh --usedefault /dev/sdb1 if your external disk's ESP is /dev/sdb1. Alternatively, since rEFInd doesn't rely on configuration files off the ESP, you can install it to your internal disk and the computer will still boot Windows when the external disk is unplugged, but rEFInd will mediate that boot process. You can install Ubuntu in either EFI or BIOS mode with this method. Note also that you might need to either disable Secure Boot or jump through extra hoops to install Shim if you use this method.

If you have a test/disposable computer, you can use it for your Ubuntu installation. That way, if something goes wrong, you won't have messed up the internal hard disk on your main computer, or its NVRAM entries.

Sorry these procedures are a bit sketchy; there are simply a lot of decisions you must make, and problems can be rather system-specific and difficult to predict.


How do I rotate a video without audio alteration?

Try to use mp3 audio codec.
I don't know how to do that with Avidemux, but this is what worked for me when converting various videos to mp4 which is accepted by youtube and works well on various platforms:

ffmpeg -i Windup-demo-2.5.0.ogv -acodec libmp3lame -vcodec libx264 -crf 18 Windup-demo-2.5.0.mp4

To get the libmp3lame codec I had to install the lame library:

sudo apt-get install libmp3lame0  ## Ubuntu 14.04

For rotating, use -vf transpose=2 (-90 deg; for +90, use ...=1).

ffmpeg ... -i input.mov -vf transpose=2 -acodec libmp3lame output.mp4

Note that the order of the params matter.


The installer seems to be broken. For all recent Ubuntu versions, it just seems to ignore preseeded keyboard settings and to always set US layout. A work-around is to use the "late_command" and set the Norwegian layout manually.

d-i preseed/late_command string \
 in-target /bin/sed -i "s/XKBMODEL=\"[a-z]*\"/XKBMODEL=\"pc105\"/g"
/etc/default/keyboard ; \
 in-target /bin/sed -i "s/XKBLAYOUT=\"[a-z]*\"/XKBLAYOUT=\"no\"/g"
/etc/default/keyboard ; \
 in-target /bin/sed -i "s/XKBVARIANT=\"[a-z]*\"/XKBVARIANT=\"\"/g"
/etc/default/keyboard ; \
 in-target /bin/sed -i "s/XKBOPTIONS=\"[a-z]*\"/XKBOPTIONS=\"\"/g"
/etc/default/keyboard ; \
 in-target /usr/sbin/dpkg-reconfigure -fnoninteractive keyboard-configuration ; \
 in-target /usr/sbin/update-locale LC_TIME=en_GB.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=POSIX

Note, that "/usr/sbin/dpkg-reconfigure -fnoninteractive keyboard-configuration" is necessary to get the new layout configured for X11 as well. Although the documentation says that editing /etc/default/keyboard is fine, X11 will not use the new layout unless "/usr/sbin/dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration" is run.

Finally, "/usr/sbin/update-locale LC_TIME=en_GB.UTF-8" is used to get a 24-hour clock with an en_IE.UTF-8 locale (metric, €, etc., but AM/PM clock). (A European English locale "en_EU.UTF-8" would be a nice feature.)

Needless to say that this work-around is really ugly, and the installer should be fixed to automatically set the proper keyboard layout.

See also https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/console-setup/+bug/1553147/comments/11 .


why does my dell latitude e6520 have internet in install but not after

In order to enable the broadcom drivers, you have to have an internet connection first. So, you will definitely need an ethernet connection to do so.

I'm not certain, but perhaps the live CD includes the broadcom drivers on its disk, but doesn't install them as part of the process? I've only rarely seen something work in the Live CD but fail to work in a proper install.


Partitioning 2 SSDs (1TB NVMe SSD and another 1TB SSD) for Ubuntu 18.04

Install Ubuntu on one / root partition. Let the Ubuntu 18.04 installer create a swap file by default instead of an unnecessary swap partition. The swap file will stay small if you have lots of RAM and don't use it for hibernation. The other SSD can be automatically mounted at startup to be used as storage space or use LVM to span Ubuntu 18.04 across both SSDs.

The advantage of the first method is that you can remove the second SSD and put it in a new computer and all the files on the SSD will still be there on the new computer. The advantage of the second method is that it makes the most efficient use of the available disk space. I currently use the first method, but if someone else gave a decent explanation of the second method I'd encourage you to try it.


Jumping to Address Bar in Nautilus Like F6 in Windows

Press Ctrl+L to goto the address bar.
To enable it permanently,Press Alt+F2 and type gconf-editor

Navigate to apps>>nautilus>>preferences

Put a check mark in always_use_location_entry
Now Address bar will be set in nautilus permanently.


Ubuntu 18.04 does not see PCle SSD with SATA mode set to AHCI on Acer Aspire 7

I was able to solve the problem based on this solution:

18.04 and 18.10 fail to boot nvme0: failed to set APST feature (-19)

At boot in grub I select install ubuntu and I press e then escape and I edit the boot option there so that after quiet splash I have nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=200

This way I was able to see the SSD disk.


I found it in the directory

/usr/local/thinkorswim

and here is how to start it from terminal:

sudo /usr/local/thinkorswim/thinkorswim


You can use apt-get on Ubuntu. Look at Community HowTo.

Other package managers:

aptitude (same as apt-get, just a bit less friendly)
npm - Node package manager
gem - Ruby package manager
bower - package manager for the web
component - another package manager for (better) web


You need to install it first, because by default vim-tiny is installed.

sudo apt-get install vim


You could easily configure Windows 10 to AHCI using the following procedure:

First, configure BIOS to RAID, so you'll be able to boot into Windows 10.
In Windows, run command prompt as admin.
In the command prompt, run: bcdedit /set {current} safeboot minimal. This will let you boot into safe mode regardless of SATA setting.
Reboot, and re-enter the BIOS Setup.
In the BIOS, change the SATA operation mode back from RAID to AHCI. Save and reboot.
Log on to Windows again.
Open command prompt as admin, and run: bcdedit /deletevalue {current} safeboot.
Reboot once more - Windows should now start in AHCI mode with no issues.

I've used this procedure with several laptops - worked like a charm every time.

In my case, Dell laptop was default configured to RAID, and I had to change it to AHCI for Ubuntu 16.04 live USB to work, since it's not shipped with RAID drivers (and RAID setting doesn't make much sense anyway with one SSD disk setup, but that's another story).

Note that, if accidentaly the BIOS switches back to the RAID default on some occasion (for example, after a BIOS update - unlikely, but happens), and you hit a blue screen when booting into Windows - just switch the BIOS SATA setting back to AHCI, and you're good.


Can I test a cue/bin image without burning a CD?

I am able to play an audio CD rip (from Nero, many many years ago) with this:
mplayer -demuxer rawaudio my_audio_cd_rip.nrg
or
mpv -demuxer=rawaudio my_audio_cd_rip.nrg
or (after changing the file extension)
play -r 44100 -e signed -b 16 -c 2 -L my_audio_cd_rip.cdda
and to convert it to an MP3:
sox -r 44100 -e signed -b 16 -c 2 -L my_audio_cd_rip.cdda -C 320 my_audio_cd_rip.mp3


Just long press the app you want to uninstall, now it opens Ubuntu store where you can select uninstall.
For the shortcuts from the side-menu long pressing also gives the option to remove the link, thought that is not the same as a uninstall.


Minecraft done loading error 12.04 ubuntu. How to fix it?

Try exiting Minecraft and re-launching it again. If it happens again, you will need to update the Lightweight Java Game Library files for Minecraft. To do that, do the following:

1) Download the latest version of LWJGL.

2) Extract the contents of the downloaded zip file.

3) Go into your Home folder and press Ctrl + H on your keyboard to view the hidden files and locate the .minecraft folder.

4) In the .minecraft folder, go to bin > natives folder. In that folder replace libjinput-linux.so, libjinput-linux64.so, liblwjgl.so, and liblwjgl64.so with the new files that you downloaded, which are located in the folder that was extracted from the downloaded zip file, native > linux.

5) Then in the .minecraft > bin folder, replace jinput.jar, lwjgl.jar, and lwjgl_util.jar with the files from the downloaded zip located in the jar folder.


nVidia GT 220 not working properly with Ubuntu 12.10

Have you tried this driver http://www.geforce.com/drivers/results/58596 for NVIDIA GeForce GT 220 (http://www.geforce.com/hardware/desktop-gpus/geforce-gt-220)


Here is the bug report. You might try the solution offered by comment 90

All you need to do is download the file attached to the comment and replace your current C:\wubildr with it.

Also, of note from post 91:

  Please make sure that when you boot the line "insmod ntfs" is commented out or disable it by pressing "e" at the grub boot menu and edit the entry before proceeding.


I think you can just decreate the desired RAM usage of your Jupyter Notebook:
 jupyter notebook --NotebookApp.max_buffer_size=3
Which should set it to 3gb max.
I have found this answer here.


After some additional searching I found the solution to my problem here

I had to add Option "Tapping" "True" to the entry MatchIsTouchpad in the file /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/40-libinput.conf. The exact name of the file might be different for other people.

In the end, the relevant section will look like something like this:

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "libinput touchpad catchall"
        MatchIsTouchpad "on"
        Option "Tapping" "True"
        MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
        Driver "libinput"
EndSection

You need to be root to edit the file and reboot your system after the changes!


Message pops up after I installed homebrew

It said from here to add it to your PATH after running:

ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Linuxbrew/install/master/install)"

Did you add the following to your ~/.profile?:

test -d ~/.linuxbrew && PATH="$HOME/.linuxbrew/bin:$PATH"
test -d /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew && PATH="/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin:$PATH"
test -r ~/.bash_profile && echo 'export PATH="$(brew --prefix)/bin:$PATH"' >>~/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH="$(brew --prefix)/bin:$PATH"' >>~/.profile

Now if the above was done please check that these lines are in ~/.bash_profile

export PATH="/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin:$PATH"
export MANPATH="/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/share/man:$MANPATH"
export INFOPATH="/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/share/info:$INFOPATH"
export PATH="$(brew --prefix)/bin:$PATH"

Then that this is in ~/.profile

export PATH="$(brew --prefix)/bin:$PATH"

Now run the below line to add this line to your /home/$USER/.bashrc

echo 'export PATH="/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc

Source ~/.bashrc with source ~/.bashrc. now close all terminals and relaunch the terminal and type: `which brew' and you should see:

/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/brew

If it was done right.


Ubuntu install from USB stuck on black screen

Boot from USB drive and select Try Ubuntu without installing
Press "e" and add

nouveau.modeset=0

to the end of the linux line.
Press F10 - the Ubuntu USB installation media will boot without any issues now.

Recommendation to avoid running into the same problems with your new Ubuntu installation :

When rebooting after having finished the installation repeat the same procedure for starting the installed operating system -> ... select the Ubuntu entry from the GRUB boot menu, press "e" ...
After login to Ubuntu desktop first install the latest stable NVIDIA drivers and Optimus support.

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

Open NVIDIA X Server Settings -> Prime Profiles - switch to NVIDIA - log out and back in.


How do I access the terminal without logging in to the desktop?

To access a Terminal from the Login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 (or F2 or 3 and so on F7 is the where the GUI is running)

From there you can contiune where you left off or try to re do it again.

You can also access one from the recovery mode, boot press shift when GRUB appears and enter recovery, then enter the root terminal.


Is this too much memory for mysql on ubuntu?

At the time you ran free -m, you had plenty of spare memory.  If that time was representative of normal or peak traffic, then I'd say you're fine, but if you did that at an idle or off-peak time it's hard to tell.

There are extensive guides on how to optimize MySQL memory usage and they depend on things like whether it's a server dedicated to MySQL (it isn't), whether you're primarily MyISAM or InnoDB or both, and so on.

On a server dedicated only to Wordpress (PHP and MySQL), it would be fine if MySQL memory use was at 60% or less, I would say.


cannot run java application from a shell script

It probably has DOS line endings (\r\n instead of \n). See http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashFAQ/052

And for good practice, you should make sure the first line of the file says #!/bin/sh


My touch screen doesn't work on Xubuntu 14.04

Got it, actually had to contact the sam4s support and they sent me a package for my touchscreen.
(SW602130_Elo_Linux_Serial_Driver_v3.3.2_i686.tgz)
I did encounter with many problems and figured out that even though my processor was 64 bit, the rest of my machine was 32 bit, so i installed the 32 bit xubuntu system and then
i completed compiling the driver and had to figure out witch serial port worked and responded to this. Witch ended up being /dev/ttyS1
To see your serial ports just use the cmd: dmesg | grep tty.
after that, to test it use : ls > /dev/ttySX (x number)
after you figure out witch serial works you have to go into /etc/rc.local and put this message in : /etc/opt/elo/loadelo
/etc/opt/elo/eloser
The  should be wich ttySX you got.
Example: /etc/opt/eloser ttyS1
and then you save it.
after that you do sudo shutdown -r now and that should be it. Then you calibrate it.
atleast mine came with these instructions.


What should I know about SSDs that can be used with Ubuntu?

I've owned two SSD's, an OCZ Vertex 2 60GB (controller died in 5 months) and am now happy with an Intel 320 80GB.

I've had no issues with it in comparison with a mechanical HDD.

On the software side, most vendors provide utilities for SSDs which (unfortunately) only works in Windows due to bug 1. These fancy toolboxes often have an alternative in the repositories or system (examples: TRIM on-demand, erasing the disk). Since firmware updates should be applied when the disk is not in use, it's neither an issue for not using it in Linux.

Some interesting links:

What is the recommended way to empty a SSD?
Optimize for SSD (for SSDs supporting TRIM)
SSD Checklist

Not limited to Linux, but to SSDs in general: Jeff Atwood has an interesting blog entry about the lifetime of a SSD. It should not stop you from buying a SSD, if it dies the manufacturer (or reseller) will replace it if it's within the warranty period. But the reason for buying one is it's speed. I was amazed with my first SSD, everything start almost instantly without hearing a disk spinning.


Update: I retried the installation and it I had no problem installing the drivers. I am still not sure what the fix was...


Critically Low Battery Notification not showing in Ubuntu 14.04.1

Please note that by default battery notification should be enabled in your system. Try reinstalling the packages of NotifyOSD which was the source for notification alert in Ubuntu and then check the reported issue, If you have not already tried with NotifyOSD

Command to install NotifyOSD

sudo apt-get --reinstall install libnotify-bin notify-osd

Hope this helps!


Kicked out back to login. No cinnamon installed

I have had the same issue a couple of times, appeared to be something corrupted in my user profile. Removing the following files and directory located in your userdir always gives me back my login:

.cache/
.Xauthority
.ICEAuthority

You can do so by opening a terminalscreen (ctrl-alt-F1) logging in and do:

rm -rf .cache
rm .Xauthority
rm .ICEAutority

No go back with alt-F7, login and (hopefully) be happy again.
The disadvantage is you reset your unity icons and preferences.


Open up a directory in nautilus (via places, etc)
Click the edit menu, Preferences, Preview tab
For the first two fields (text and other), select Never.


How to remove all window transparency effects

To remove the transparency on terminal of ubuntu 18.04, open Preferences of terminal (Right click and select Preferences or select Preferences from Edit menu) and uncheck Use transparency from system theme in Colors tab of Profile.


VMware Player: "No protocol specified" error after upgrading to ubuntu 14.04

Download the new vmware-player 6.02, works fine with ubuntu 14.04.


Why would the aptitude binary be missing if its package is installed?

That is definitely not normal!

To get dpkg and apt-get back you can do the following:
Download dpkg_1.15.8.2ubuntu3_i386.deb and apt_0.7.25.3ubuntu9.1_i386.deb

ar x dpkg_1.15.8.2ubuntu3_i386.deb
sudo tar -C / -xzf data.tar.gz
ar x apt_0.7.25.3ubuntu9.1_i386.deb
sudo tar -C / -xzf data.tar.gz

Note that some packages at internally compressed with lzma instead of gzip, so one would have to use

sudo tar --lzma -xf data.tar.lzma

Afterwards you should be able to do apt-get update and then install aptitude with

apt-get install --reinstall aptitude

Warning!
I really cant recommend that people install packages like this! Be sure to look at the configuration of the specific package, and if any dependency is missing! And if possible reinstall the packages through apt or dpkg afterwards.


Volume sound and screen brightness controls not working

Multimedia Keys

First install these packages for brightness and volume:

sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install xbacklight alsa-utils pulseaudio

Then from I3 FAQ:

Add these lines to ~/.config/i3/config

# Pulse Audio controls
bindsym XF86AudioRaiseVolume exec --no-startup-id pactl -- set-sink-volume 0 +5% #increase sound volume
bindsym XF86AudioLowerVolume exec --no-startup-id pactl -- set-sink-volume 0 -5% #decrease sound volume
bindsym XF86AudioMute exec --no-startup-id pactl set-sink-mute 0 toggle # mute sound

# Sreen brightness controls
bindsym XF86MonBrightnessUp exec xbacklight -inc 20 # increase screen brightness
bindsym XF86MonBrightnessDown exec xbacklight -dec 20 # decrease screen brightness

Mod key

To change the $mod key:

Open ~/.config/i3/config.
Look for the line:

set $mod

Change that to:

set $mod Mod4

Finally, run i3-msg reload to reload the configuration file.


Well, I obtained the UUID of my idle linux-swap formatted partition from gparted, then:

Made a backup of /etc/fstab
Edited /etc/fstab to include the line:
UUID=999990-999-999-9999-999 none swap sw 0 0
Of course you'll need to replace the 9's with your carefully determined UUID of your intended swap partition.
sudo swapon --all --verbose

I think you really want to use the UUID even though you could go by partition name and stuff, because the names can easily change such as maybe when you add or reposition drives inside your machine.

The last command seems to correctly detect my swap partition, and htop now shows the size of the partition, hurray!

You may also want to get to know your swappiness value, which you can easily do following the swappiness section in these docs, while at it, even though you'd typically not find any surprises there nor have real reason to change it.

Even though this seems working, please do not follow these steps before few upvotes from other people have shown up aside my answer, I've only performed this once thus far.


First, you will need to add the required repository (collection of software)
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner".

Next, you will need to install any updates via sudo apt update.

Then, run this command to install Flash Player: sudo apt install flashplugin-installer. Run all of this in the terminal, and remember that you will have to restart your browser.

You might want to verify the installation on the Adobe website (optional).

More info here.


Will issues related to WiFi be there if Ubuntu is used in Virtualbox?

There is lot of difference in using Ubuntu natively and as a Virtual Machine.

Generally, guest OS (Virtual Machines) share the internet connection of Host OS (here, Windows) via NAT or Bridge which will look like a wired connection inside the virtual machine irrespective of the connection Host OS is using (Wired/Wireless).

So, no you won't have issues related to WiFi if you use that as a Guest OS until Host OS experiences problem with WiFi or configuration of Guest OS or Virtualization client (Virtualbox/VMWare) is messed up.

But if you use external USB WiFi device and connect it to Guest OS disconnecting from Host OS, you may experience problems.


PHP 5.4 is not supported anymore

You can install PHP from source but isn't recommended either, if you really need to use this specific PHP version the easiest way is to install Ubuntu 13.10 or lower


Reinstalling GRUB2 on Ubuntu 12.04 | Windows 7 dual boot after Windows reinstallation

Boot-Repair is a great graphical and automatic utility to restore grub.

Try to use the 2nd option cuz is more quick.


Ubuntu 12.04 Server - Default directory permissions

Yes, if you upload files by ftp the file permissions usually get set by the ftp server. For vsftp see http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1570700 for a real "short", similar question and/or https://security.appspot.com/vsftpd/FAQ.txt (search for umask) for a "long" version.

Q) Help! Uploaded files are appearing with permissions -rw-------.
A1) Depending on if this is an upload by a local user or an anonymous user,
use "local_umask" or "anon_umask" to change this. For example, use
"anon_umask=022" to give anonymously uploaded files permissions
-rw-r--r--. Note that the "0" before the "22" is important.
A2) Also see the vsftpd.conf.5 man page for the new "file_open_mode"
parameter.


How can I stop windows from always booting first?

What's happened is that Windows 7 has overridden Grub (the Linux boot loader) with its own bootloader. This is fixable, it just takes a little bit of work. Here's how to fix it.
You'll need an Ubuntu 10.10 live cd.

Boot into the live session
Open a terminal (Applications > Accessories > Terminal) and become root by running

sudo su -

Next you'll need to inspect your disk and look at the partitioning. Run

fdisk -l

You'll need to do a little bit of detective work, but you want to identify the Ubuntu root partition. you will get output that looks like this

   Device    Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
   /dev/sda1   *           1       18663   149903360   83  Linux
   /dev/sda2           18663       19458     6384641    5  Extended
   /dev/sda5           18663       19458     6384640   82  Linux swap / Solaris

With another for your windows setup. The /dev/sda1 line, and the numbers will probably be different, but you want to find the one that is listed as System: Linux.

Now you'll mount that, and install grub.

mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/sd1

replacing /dev/sda1 with what yours said.

That should be it, reboot and you should be able to boot Ubuntu and Windows.


You refer to "etc/passwd" - note the missing "/" at the beginning.
Since you repeat this path twice with the same "mistake" - perhaps it is not a typo but the source of your problem. So my answer is relevant if indeed you miss the "/" at the beginning:

"passwd" is located under the absolute path "/etc/". If you look for "etc/passwd" you are actually looking for that file in the relative path to your current working directory. Assuming your current directory is not the root (/) then you are looking at the wrong place (your_current_dir/etc/passwd).


I think Ubuntu 16.04 LTS would be best for you since you are a newbie in Linux. I personally use that version, too. Download the Ubuntu image here: https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop.

LTS stands for Long Term Support. Every 6 months a new version of Ubuntu is released, and every 2 years an LTS version comes which has generally 5 years of support. The latest version of Ubuntu is 17.04, but since you are a beginner I strongly suggest to use Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

If you don't want to remove Windows OS, then you need to install Ubuntu as a dual boot. You can google that and see some videos on youtube and read some blogs which will guide you on what you need to do. For example, see Installing Ubuntu Alongside a Pre-Installed Windows with UEFI

Welcome to the Linux family.


Intel Corporation Wireless 8260 [8086:24f3] (rev 3a)

If you are using Ubuntu 14.04, you need to connect to internet by wire or a USB adapter and run in terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-wily linux-firmware

and reboot.

This will install kernel 4.2 that supports this adapter and will update the firmware.


Is it possible to remove or fix a node from maas after juju bootstrap?

OK, use juju destroy-service tomcat7 remove tomcat7 first.

Then, use juju terminate-machine 2 remove node 2 ok.


Is it possible to have four equally sized windows on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS?

It is possible, as you can see from this example with four gnome-terminal windows:

I did not manually resize and position the windows, which I could have done, but just dragged them into the corners of the screen to format them automatically. It's the same procedure as you described with placing a window into the left or right half by dragging it to the respective border of the screen. There are also custom keyboard short-cuts to achieve this.

You can set up whichever method you prefer or both.

However, the corners are by default configured the same way as the side borders and the short-cuts are probably disabled, so we have to change these settings.

Therefore we need the CompizConfig Settings Manager .
You can also install it from the terminal with the command below:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

After that, launch ccsm.

Navigate to the category Window Management and select the Grid plug-in. Go to the Corners / Edges tab and you should see the following settings:

Set all corner options according to my example above, so that when you drag a window e.g. into the upper left corner, it will get resized and placed into the top left quarter of the screen.

You can also set up keyboard short-cuts to place windows into the grid. Switch to the Bindings tab and select the short-cut key combinations you prefer. I opted for Ctrl+Alt+NumPad 1-9 to put the windows into the respective screen halves or corners. See my example below:

All your changes take effect immediately, so just close the ccsm window.

Now you can start dragging windows into the corners:


bash utility 'dialog' leaves a messy screen

I know it's late, but maybe you want to switch to the alternate screen (like nano, vim, and others do), so you could give a try to the --keep-tite option.

From the dialog's man page:

  --keep-tite: Normally dialog checks to see if it is running in an xterm, and in that case tries to suppress the initialization strings that would make it switch to the alternate screen. Switching between the normal and alternate screens is visually distracting in a script which runs dialog several times. Use this option to allow dialog to use those initialization strings.

Here's an example:

echo "Write something before invoking dialog."
dialog --keep-tite --msgbox "Hello world!" 0 0

After the user hits OK, the output printed before invoking dialog ... is restored.


Please do not install bumblebee, it was replaced by nvidia-prime to switch between graphics,
nvidia-prime should have been installed automatically when you installed the NVIDIA drivers.
In case this did not happen, you can install nvidia-prime by opening a terminal and executing :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-prime

TLP is something completely different - it is a tool you can use to optimize power consumption.
So you can install both tools, nvidia-prime to switch between graphics and TLP to tweak power.
Switch between the intel and NVIDIA graphics with NVIDIA X Server Settings -> PRIME Profiles.


Chrubuntu is deprecated (no longer maintained/updated) and, as such, is very buggy on new(ish) Chromebook models. My answer, here, gives instructions on how to install Ubuntu on any Chromebook without using Crouton or Chrubuntu.

Installing full Ubuntu to your Chromebook will fix the issue. I'm running Ubuntu GNOME 17.04 on an Acer C710 (Parrot) Chromebook and it runs beautifully save the incompatible drivers that I mention at the bottom of the guide.


Lubuntu/LXDE - cannot open folder on desktop

Try uninstalling Nautilus if you have it installed and see if then it would work. Nautilus tends to take over the desktop sometimes in Lubuntu and Xubuntu, and even after recovering from this, certain problems like that reported may linger for some time.


How to boot into Live USB/CD with UEFI on latest Vaio S series?

Long press F11 on startup until the VAIO logo disappears. At least this worked for me with a new (July 2012) VAIO S1511 and an Ubuntu 12.04 Live/Installer installation on an USB memory stick.


I figured it out... I inserted the Ubuntu install CD and duel booted Ubuntu with Ubuntu and the computer booted fine.


Bluetooth keyboard paired but not responding 16.04

Updating to 16.10 fixed this problem for me. I did have to reboot after pairing for some reason, but it's been working fine since then.

I know that's not a solution for 16.04, but it does confirm again that this keyboard can work under Linux.


Follow these steps:

Disable "MinimizeToTray Plus" in menu "Tools/Add-Ons"
Exit Thunderbird (be sure that the process is not running)
Open Thunderbird (in my case, I had the same two windows problem the first time)
Now Thunderbird runs without the MinimizeToTray Plus add-on
Close one of the window
Re-enable your "MinimizeToTray Plus" add-on
Exit and restart

From this forum thread:
http://forums.mozillazine.org/viewtopic.php?f=39&t=1962329


no permissions fastboot - fastboot and adb not working

Try using sudo $(which fastboot)

for instance sudo $(which fastboot) devices

also sudo $(which fastboot) oem unlock


You need to add Persian Locale, to do that run sudo apt-get install language-pack-fa command, this will fix not only WhatsApp Web but so many other things in your system..., if your having this issue for any other languages, you must replace -fa with your own language locale code in above command. you can find your language code in this link: https://docs.plesk.com/en-US/12.5/localization-guide/appendix-locale-codes.64474/


Google Chrome's window becomes invisible / unresponsive

The issue seems to be connected to the compositer feature of KDE4 (or with Desktop Effects). If the Chrome window becomes invisible click Alt + Shift + F12 to switch on compositing and it will become visible instantaneously. I could no longer reproduce this behaviour with compositing on.


There is a lot of information available on the gparted.org site, including a manual page which has this section on resizing a partition.

It states that you start by selecting some partition space, then it looks like you'll get an option to resize or move that petition.

I reckon go ahead and have a read of the manual on this one, it looks like it has everything you'd need.


Error while installing Ubuntu (X86-64 CPU expected)

I am also quite new, but I think you need to download the 32-bit version (i386). You will find it here http://releases.ubuntu.com/16.04/

Hope this helps!


Emergency mode after kernel update from 4.15.0-76 to 4.15.0-88

I lost wifi from the -88 kernel upgrade, so I went back to -76.


There are three types of partitions.
1. Primary
2. Extended
3. Logical

There can only be 4 primary partitions on a hard drive. When one wants to create more than 4 partitions, an extended partition is created and then more logical partitions are created inside the extended partition. So extended partition is like a container which contains logical partitions in it. For more on partitions go to http://www.pcguide.com/ref/hdd/file/structPartitions-c.html

In your HDs configuration sda1 is a primary partition, sda2 is just an extended partition and sda5 is a logical partition which is inside sda2 and occupies all the space of sda2. You can see that sda2 and sda5 have exactly the same space. So basically there are just 2 useable partitions i.e sda1 and sda5.

Sda5 is linux swap space. In linux, a partition is reserved as swap space. Swap space is used to extend your ram using some space on your hard disk. So if you have just 64 MB ram and you are able to run binaries or programs larger than 64 MB, it is because your some space on your HD is being used to extend your ram. When some part of program is not being use at the moment it is swapped out of ram in to the swap space. When program needs that part, it is swaped back in to the ram. If you want to know more you can google for virtual memory and you will find a lot of info about it.

DO NOT delete these partitions as Linux needs swap space to run.


How to uninstall Battle.net and Hearthstone

As stated, it will not be listed if you didn't install it via the apt-get.

If you installed it via a .deb package you could try using 'dkpg -l' from the terminal to list all installed .deb packages.

If you can locate it you should be able to eradicate it by typing 'dpkg -P ', which will remove the package and all configuration files.


mouse and keyboard unresponsive OR black screen

I followed this and i was able to boot up to a responsive system. I was prompted to install nvidia driver and it is now in progress.

For all it is worth, i think this is the biggest stride of a progress that i had made in the last 12 hours.


No, libsqlite3-mod-impexp is not necessary, thus no need to do  apt install libsqlite3-mod-impexp:

$ sqlite3
SQLite version 3.11.0 2016-02-15 17:29:24
Enter ".help" for usage hints.
Connected to a transient in-memory database.

sqlite> SELECT json_extract('{"a":2,"c":[4,5,{"f":7}]}', '$');
{"a":2,"c":[4,5,{"f":7}]}

$ dpkg -l | grep sqlite3
ii  libsqlite3-0:a 3.11.0-1ubun amd64        SQLite 3 shared library
ii  sqlite3        3.11.0-1ubun amd64        Command line interface for SQLite


curl: (35) error:1407742E:SSL routines:SSL23_GET_SERVER_HELLO:tlsv1 alert protocol version /home/mohan/mesg

It looks like the site you are attempting to connect to uses an incompatible TLS version, and curl doesn't like it. 12.04 doesn't receive any updates unless you have paid for Ubuntu Advantage from Canonical, and that's only extended security maintenance (ESM). The earliest currently supported release is 14.04, so I'd recommend at least upgrading to that and seeing if the issue is fixed in an update

If needed, contact the site operator


Ubuntu is not booting on acer aspire laptop

I also could not boot into my computer when I switched to UEFI. I fixed it by selecting "Boot from EFI File" in the BIOS and "Customized Boot" or something similar.

But I think it can be fixed if you put the EFI Partition to /boot/efi/. So in your case it should be in /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/shimx64.efi. It should then detect it normally.


Why do I get “Value of Key 'Comment' is empty” in my app review?

I rebuild the application with a more recent version of the Ubuntu SDK (14.04) and now I don't have the error any more.

However, please notice I had an error because of absolute paths in the Exec key. I corrected this too.


Shortly after posting this question, I found a partial solution here. It seems like a workaround to me, so I leave the question open in case someone knows a better way.

In any case, for future reference, activating "Desktop Wall" in compiz-setting-manager does solve the problem of moving windows to another workspace. But it seems not to solve the prblem with ctrl + alt + numpad 6, so I will investigate further.


uGet and Chrome/Chromium download integration

first get this extension , its no no longer available in chrome store , I have no Idea why the developer removed it, I've uploaded it here http://www.mediafire.com/?3m4xl539pz3sz7i drop it on chromium then just do this http://www.ubuntuvibes.com/2011/03/new-chrome-extension-brings-support-for.html

works seamlessly for me. do you use the aria2c plugin ? if so , do you get an "aria2c version error" ?


save number of lines of a text file in a variable shell file

numberoflines=$(sed -n '$=' /tmp/lines.txt)


I believe this is a dupe of this question:

Clock time is off on dual boot

You need to either set Ubuntu to set the bios to local time (meh) per answer in above link:

$ sudo timedatectl set-local-rtc 1

or set Windo$e to use UTC time (preferred). This guide should help you:

How to Fix Time Differences in Ubuntu 16.04 & Windows 10 Dual Boot


Permission denied while writing a file in var/www in spite of adding me to user group

For this situation you need to add the set-group-ID bit on the directory /var/www/xyz so newly created directories inside inherit group from parent.

chmod g+s /var/www/xyz

See man 2 chmod

  S_ISGID  (02000)  set-group-ID  (set  process  effective  group  ID on
  execve(2); mandatory locking, as described in fcntl(2); take a new
  file's group from parent directory, as described in chown(2) and
  mkdir(2))

See comments to the answer from referred post.

Edit after comment:

If you added the setgid bit on the parent directory after the subdirectory was created:

  File var/www/dodge'
  Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 directory
Device: 700h/1792d Inode: 1445503 Links: 8
Access: (2775/drwxrwsr-x) Uid: ( 33/www-data) Gid: ( 33/www-data)
Access: 2013-07-16 16:29:21.434531583 +0530
Modify: 2013-07-16 14:07:46.482782580 +0530
Change: 2013-07-16 16:28:04.622533850 +0530 <---added setgid

but the subdirectory was created before that:

  File: /var/www/dodge/codes'
  Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 directory
Device: 700h/1792d Inode: 1446465 Links: 2
Access: (0775/drwxrwxr-x) Uid: ( 1000/ wq) Gid: ( 1000/ wq)
Access: 2013-07-16 15:16:15.554661170 +0530
Modify: 2013-07-16 15:13:42.698665686 +0530
Change: 2013-07-16 15:13:42.698665686 +0530 <---before ctime above

the setgid bit works when you create new files and directories. It will not work for any that have already been already created. So the codes directory is still owned by wq and group wq and the other user has no permission to create files there; that is why you get the same error as before. Either chown the subdirectory to set the correct group, or delete and recreate it.

chown :group /var/www/dodge/code


Unity on 2 screens without main application menus

Updating Ubuntu 11.10 with the latest packages solved the problem for me. Tested on 2 TVs, and 4 Monitors in groups of 2. It even works with different resolutions.