Synaptic lists a package called xwrits:
The download is 91.7 kB and there don't seem to be any additional dependencies listed for me on Lubuntu 12.10. So I'm assuming the same should hold true for you.
Even apt-get install -s xwrits doesn't indicate any dependencies.
Here's what the description says:

xwrits helps you prevent repetitive stress injury.
xwrits is a small reminder program designed to let you know it is time
to take a break from typing to rest your wrists and prevent any damage
to your wrists (or at least make them feel better if you've already
damaged them). Normally works on the honor system, but if you find
yourself unable to stop typing during your break, it can also lock your
keyboard.

I have no idea whether this will meet your needs!


You may want to check the brightness settings for the Dell keyboard. The following procedure worked for me:

Show the configured brightness:

$ cat /sys/devices/platform/dell-laptop/leds/dell\:\:kbd_backlight/brightness
0

See the maximum brightness:

$ cat /sys/devices/platform/dell-laptop/leds/dell\:\:kbd_backlight/max_brightness
4

Set the desired level of brightness (here: 4):

$ echo 4 | sudo tee /sys/devices/platform/dell-laptop/leds/dell\:\:kbd_backlight/brightness

Slightly related: You might also want to configure the time-out interval for the backlight, using the stop_timeout setting.
See also the article How to Configure the Keyboard Backlight Time-Out Interval in Ubuntu Linux in the Dell knowledge base.


Ubuntu Dock adds a new icon when I open certain programs

Try this

Start Terminator and in the terminal run xprop WM_CLASS. Now place the cursor (probably it will look like a cross) over the Terminator window and click. Add a line to your desktop file that reads

StartupWMClass=<second entry in WM_CLASS(STRING) without the quotes>

This may solve your problem.


Well, it looks like the dialog is asking you to acknowledge it.  I'd try hitting [tab] to get to the "[Ok]", then hit [enter].


How can I install HP Laserjet P1102w on Ubuntu?

Test this:

Open a terminal. CtrlAltT.

Run it:

sudo -i
apt-get update
apt-get install --reinstall hplip
hp-setup -i

Select the USB option from the list, and follow the prompts.

It will then ask about a propriatry plugin, let it download this , agree to the license then follow the rest of the prompts.

You left everything to default m for name of print queue, say y for the selected PPD being correct, put location to Home, and left additional information blank, then y to print a test page.

The printer should now work over USB.

Check the test page looks correct.

On the left side of the printer is a WiFi button, press it and it will create an Ad-Hoc WiFi network which you can connect to.

Connect to this using a suitable device, it will need a WiFi connection, either use your Gnu/Linux machine directly.

Once connected, find the IP Address of the printer by holding the red X button on the printer, which will make it print out a configuration sheet containing the IP Address.

Connect using a web browser to this IP address, and within the Network Settings, configure the connection to your actual WiFI network.

Check and double-check the settings are correct, then once saving the settings, it should try to connect to your WiFi network.

On your Gnu/Linux machine, remove the USB version of the  printer within the System ---Administration---Printing menu, then run this command to run setup again:

sudo -i
hp-setup -i

Select the Network option from the list, have it download the plugin and accept the license again if asked, fill in the same prompts as above, and you should be ready to print over wireless.


How to hide Pidgin Buddy list on startup?

Devilspie messes things up for me using unity. So I start Pidgin using this simple script:

#!/bin/bash
pidgin &
sleep 6
wmctrl -c "Buddy List"

Sleeping is neccessary so the window does not respawn. It is ugly but the best possible for me. Note that it closes the window but does not quit Pidgin. Minimize and close the window have almost the same meaning for Pidgin.


Remmina VNC Hangs on Connecting to Headless Mini-PC

Eventually, I found my answer: no vncserver was installed on the mini-PC (facepalm) and possibly why the Connecting... dialog simply hung waiting for a VNC session.

Simply I did the following:

Installed tightvncserver, created vncserver password, and adjusted the startup file.

$ sudo apt install xfce4 xfce4-goodies tightvncserver

$ mv ~/.vnc/xstartup ~/.vnc/xstartup.bak
$ gedit ~/.vnc/xstartup
$ sudo chmod +x ~/.vnc/xstartup

Then in ssh, started the vncserver on mini-PC.

$ vncserver

Finally, on laptop client, I opened the port.

$ ssh -L 5901:127.0.0.1:5901 -N -f -l username server_ip_address

And then with Remmina I logged in connecting to localhost:5901 entering the ssh password (for tunnel) and vncserver password created above in step #1.


It's a long shot but this might be due to your display manager. I had a problem similar to that you describe when I was using sddm and running the amdgpu drivers for my Athlon Kaveri APU (graphics reported as Radeon R7).

My solution was to

sudo apt purge sddm*

Followed by

sudo apt install lightdm

My system still bugs out when switching between users (logout) but I can login as normal from the initial user login prompt.

You'll need to switch to a console (Ctrl+Alt+F1) or boot in recovery mode in order to run the commands.


Can't activate Bluetooth on Ubuntu 14.04

You might want to try a newer kernel, as suggested in this answer to a similar question: ASUS Z87 Pro Bluetooth not finding other devices with 13.10

Here are instructions to upgrade your kernel: How can I install 3.16 kernel on Ubuntu 14.04

General Instructions To Install A New Kernel

The latest kernel available for Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty is 3.14.1.  The files can be downloaded at: http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.14.1-trusty/

The latest kernel available for Ubuntu 14.10 Utopic is 3.17.1.  The files can be downloaded at: http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.17.1-utopic/

Other kernel versions can be downloaded from: http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/

You would need to download three files:

linux-headers-*-generic_[i386|amd64].deb
linux-headers-*_all.deb
linux-image-*-generic_[i386|amd64].deb

Note: Replace "[i386|amd64]" with "amd64" if you need the 64 bit kernel, or with "i386" if you need the 32 bit kernel.

After downloading, you can double click on the *.deb files to install them.  However, you can also use the simple command line steps below.

Specific Instructions To Install A New Kernel (3.14.1 or 3.17.1)

Note: I've included instructions for kernel 3.14.1, but for me, bluetooth did not work with this kernel.  Bluetooth did work with kernel 3.17.1, available for Utopic.  Which kernel works really depends on whether or not the kernel you  install has support for your bluetooth hardware adapter.  There is an issue with the bcmwl wireless drivers in kernel 3.17.1, and I've included a fix for that as well.

cd ~/Downloads
mkdir kernel
cd kernel

Only execute the next three lines to download the 64 bit kernel version 3.17.1.

wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.17.1-utopic/linux-headers-3.17.1-031701-generic_3.17.1-031701.201410150735_amd64.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.17.1-utopic/linux-headers-3.17.1-031701_3.17.1-031701.201410150735_all.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.17.1-utopic/linux-image-3.17.1-031701-generic_3.17.1-031701.201410150735_amd64.deb

Only execute the next three lines to download the 32 bit kernel version 3.17.1.

wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.17.1-utopic/linux-headers-3.17.1-031701-generic_3.17.1-031701.201410150735_i386.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.17.1-utopic/linux-headers-3.17.1-031701_3.17.1-031701.201410150735_all.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.17.1-utopic/linux-image-3.17.1-031701-generic_3.17.1-031701.201410150735_i386.deb

Only execute the next three lines to download the 64 bit kernel version 3.14.1.

wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.14.1-trusty/linux-headers-3.14.1-031401-generic_3.14.1-031401.201404141220_amd64.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.14.1-trusty/linux-headers-3.14.1-031401_3.14.1-031401.201404141220_all.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.14.1-trusty/linux-image-3.14.1-031401-generic_3.14.1-031401.201404141220_amd64.deb

Only execute the next three lines to download the 32 bit kernel version 3.14.1.

wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.14.1-trusty/linux-headers-3.14.1-031401-generic_3.14.1-031401.201404141220_i386.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.14.1-trusty/linux-headers-3.14.1-031401_3.14.1-031401.201404141220_all.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.14.1-trusty/linux-image-3.14.1-031401-generic_3.14.1-031401.201404141220_i386.deb

List downloaded files *.deb files.

ls -la

List installed kernels, before installation of new kernel.

dpkg --list | grep linux-image

Install new downloaded kernel.

sudo dpkg --install *.deb

List installed kernels, including new kernels.

dpkg --list | grep linux-image

Reboot your computer so it loads the new kernel.

Verify that you are now using the newly installed kernel.

uname -r

Optional Fix For "bcmwl kernel module failed to build" Error in Kernel 3.17.1

If you install kernel 3.17.1 and are using using the bcmwl wireless driver, you may get a "bcmwl kernel module failed to build" error.
See Launchpad Bug # 1358966 for more information.

Only execute the next line to fix bug 1358966 for kernel version 3.17.1, 64 bit.

wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/bcmwl/6.30.223.248+bdcom-0ubuntu2/+build/6555554/+files/bcmwl-kernel-source_6.30.223.248%2Bbdcom-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb

Only execute the next line to fix bug 1358966 for kernel version 3.17.1, 32 bit.

wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/bcmwl/6.30.223.248+bdcom-0ubuntu2/+build/6555555/+files/bcmwl-kernel-source_6.30.223.248%2Bbdcom-0ubuntu2_i386.deb

Remove the old bcmwl driver.

sudo apt-get remove bcmwl-kernel-source

Install the new bcmwl driver.

sudo dpkg --install bcmwl-kernel-source_*.deb

Reboot.

Note, you might have to delete your existing wireless connections and recreate them.

Uninstall New Kernel

Here are instructions to remove the new kernel, if you need to.

List installed kernels, before removal of new kernel.

dpkg --list | grep linux-image

Only execute the next line to remove kernel version 3.14.1.

sudo apt-get remove linux-image-3.14.1* linux-headers-3.14.1*

Only execute the next line to remove kernel version 3.17.1.

sudo apt-get remove linux-image-3.14.1* linux-headers-3.17.1*

Update initramfs ("Initial Ram File System").

sudo update-initramfs -u

List installed kernels, after removal of the new kernel.

dpkg --list | grep linux-image

Get A New Kernel As An Official Upgrade

If you are willing to wait, note that a newer kernel will be released in February 2015 for Trusty 14.04.2, as per this answer:

When will kernel 3.14 be available in the repositories?


Windows 7 can't be loaded after installing Ubuntu 11.10

Firstly, use the Boot Repair utility provided by the Windows 7 Boot Disk

After doing so, boot up from the Ubuntu live CD and follow these instructions to restore grub and fix windows on the mbr


Is there a graphical interface for archive compression in Ubuntu?

A great choice is peazip which has most of the options that you are after. Although it is not yet in the Ubuntu Repositories it can be relatively easily installed. I have tested a 32bit peazip on a 64bit Trusty Tahr installation (hence the addition of 32bit libraries) as follows.

I could not find an easy installation of a pure 64bit peazip unfortunately although I saw a 'portable` version that seemed to be 64bit at least in parts. I did not test this although this is certainly an option...

This is a single command:

sudo apt-get install p7zip-full p7zip-rar libpango1.0-0:i386 \
libpangox-1.0-0:i386 libpangoxft-1.0-0:i386 libxft2:i386 && \
wget --content-disposition \
http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/peazip/6.0.0/peazip_6.0.0.LINUX.GTK2-2_i386.deb && \
sudo dpkg -i peazip_6.0.0.LINUX.GTK2-2_i386.deb

On a clean installation of Trusty there may will still be some dependencies required so if dpkg complains that it could not configure peazip run the following:

sudo apt-get -f install
sudo dpkg -i peazip_6.0.0.LINUX.GTK2-2_i386.deb

The options you are after are in the 'Advanced' section:

and the addition of passwords is easily available from the main menu under Tools --> Password Manager:

Integration with Nautilus requires another step: copy the scripts shipped with peazip to the correct location and make them executable:

cp -v /usr/local/share/PeaZip/FreeDesktop_integration/nautilus-scripts/Archiving/PeaZip/* \
      $HOME/.local/share/nautilus/scripts
chmod +x $HOME/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/{"Add to Archive","Extract Archive","Extract Here","Extract to Folder","Open Archive"}

Log out and then back in, then Nautilus integration works well:

License details are contained in the link in my 'References' but seems to be GNU Lesser General Public License...

References:

Peazip: How to encode archives with password
Peazip for Linux
PEAZIP PROJECT TOS, PRIVACY


gscan2pdf obtainable free from the Ubuntu Software Centre or simple scan are often good starting points for using scanners under Ubuntu 'straight from the box' without the need to download additional drivers.


Method 1) Open Ubuntu Software Center and search for "ttf-mscorefonts-installer". This will install Microsoft's core fonts.

(Note: downloading ttf-mscorefonts-installer from ubuntu download centre,does not properly install the fonts because Microsoft's license is not accepted) so it can be install only from the terminal)

sudo apt-get install ttf-mscorefonts-installer

then accept the Microsoft's license using tab key in a graphical interface during install.

After installing the font package you will need to update the shared font directories with the following command in a terminal shell.

sudo fc-cache -f -v

[ttf-mscorefonts-installer  is included in Ubuntu-restricted-extras and the common practice is to install them together with video codecs, flash,etc. sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras]

Method 2) Create a directory into your home folder, and name it ".fonts". In this folder you can copy all fonts from Windows (C:\WINDOWS\Fonts).


Forget about Quanta Plus, start looking for alternatives

The last release of Quanta Plus was about 5 years ago: version 3.5.9 (see all versions). They are working on a port to KDE 4. This port seems also a bit dead, as I see only a few commits over the last year and no tags besides the 4.2    - tag version that might work with kdev 4.2 which does not sound very much stable.

Because the whole stable source still needs Qt3 and KDE3, you won't be able to compile it anyway without huge efforts.

The kdewebdev package now contains some other useful tools, though:

kfilereplace
kimagemapeditor
klinkstatus
kommander

For alternatives to Quanta Plus see: Basic Web Development IDE/Editor like Dreamweaver?


There's Currently no way to use the Dash without Unity being active so here's an alternative.
elementary's Slingshot.

Slingshot launcher is developed by the Elementary team. Here is how to install Slingshot launcher in Ubuntu Natty from elementary team ppa.

Add the PPA ppa:elementaryart/elementary-dev and install slingshot-launcher from the software center.
To use it you simply have to create a launcher in the Gnome Panel with the command slingshot, the same goes for AWN.

Source.


According to KDE Visual Design Group/HIG/CheckBox:

  A check box is a control that permits the user to make multiple selections from a number of options. Check boxes are used to toggle an option on or off, or to select or deselect an item. Users make a decision between two clearly opposite choices, e.g. 'on vs. off', 'apply vs. don't apply', 'show vs. hide'.

And further down there's an illustration of the partially filled checkbox with this:

  Use the mixed state only to indicate that an option is set for some, but not all, child objects. ...

And this is what I see with a clean, default user account on Kubuntu 18.04:

In the comment section below this answer, user26687 has provided a link to a comment by a developer, d_ed, in There are several settings in KDE that have a "half-checked" state. What do they mean?:

  That the current value is evaluated by something else but can be overridden here.

So what you're seeing is by design even if it's not very obvious regarding the function!


You need to edit the /usr/bin/bluej script file.  Java 7 is now called java-7-oracle instead of java-7-sun.  Or alternatively just use the openjdk-7 version in the repository.  Near as I can tell java-6 is still - sun .....but for how long?


Use a ext4 USB stick as "normal" pendrive

If you want an owner/group-agnostic file system for your drive, ext3/ext4 is not the right one for you.

  Only filesystems which do not support Linux permissions like fat have an attribute for ownership/groupship: uid=value and gid=value. See the manual page on mount. (via)

As a workaround you could use a bind mount if you have sudo, but that is probably not what you want:

sudo bindfs -u $(id -u) -g $(id -g) /media/diskFoo ~/myUIDdiskFoo

(via)

I don't know of any suitable unix/linux/opensource permission-agnostic file system. Unfortunately, you should probably use exFat (NTFS is a journalling fs and thus not suitable for flash storage).

Update: I just read about F2FS - "Flash Friendly File System", but I don't have any experience with it and it seems to have a normal unix permission model.


Is there a way to search an MPD library with the music lens?


#1045 - Unknown error 1045 in mysql login

Am using Ubuntu-16.04 with installed mysql - 5.7. I Had the same issue.

I tried the below steps:

dpkg --get-selections | grep mysql (to get the version of mysql).
dpkg-reconfigure mysql-server-5.7
mysql -u root -p

Without -p that doesn't prompt you to ask password. Once you are in, you can create a user with a password by following steps :

CREATE USER '-your_name-'@'your-hostname' IDENTIFIED BY 'your-password';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . to '-your_name-'@'your-hostname' WITH GRANT OPTION;

Exit from the root and login from the you gave above.

mysql -u -p

For some reason still just typing mysql does not work. AT ALL. Please let me know if this works, else I have other steps.


Wubi, Windows 8, Truecrypt, UEFI, and a big headache

Okay. I solved this. I'm going to start from the basics.

I found how to simultaneously dual boot Windows 8 (Truecrypt encrypted) & Ubuntu 12.10 (home folder encrypted) while keeping secure boot enabled!!

UEFI/BIOS:

Configuration:
Check all settings, confirm that USB is set to secure boot.

Boot settings: Enable UEFI/Legacy, with legacy booting first.

Save & Exit.

Install Windows 8, once installed, restart.

Install Ubuntu using the "Install alongside Windows 8" setting in the installer.

Install Gparted (or your favorite partition manager)

Shrink the Windows 8 partition by 250mb AFTER the data layer.

Make Ext4 filesystem on 250mb partition. (No label necessary, but I labeled mine "/boot" for the sake of memory.

Open Terminal and run "sudo grub-installer /dev/sdxX --force" (where xX is your "/boot" drive letter & partition number)

Return to windows, encrypt system partition using "dual boot" category. Drink a beer, or 12, depending on the size of your disk & wipe mode

*BE SURE TO MAKE A BACKUP OF THE REPAIR DISK. IF YOU FUTZ SOMETHING UP, YOU WILL HATE YOUR LIFE*

After encryption, reboot, and backup your MBR/TC boot loader

Run your livedisk: "sudo grub-install /dev/sdx --force" to install GRUB2 to the MBR

Using your favorite partition editor, erase your "/boot" partition, formatting it to either Ext4 or FAT32

Extract your MBR/TC backup to your "/boot" partition

Download & run grub-customizer (or edit it manually, if you prefer) to include the TC bootloader

And there you have it, dual booting Windows 8 and Ubuntu, with Windows encrypted, and chainloading the Truecrypt bootloader from Grub2, on a UEFI system.


Problem trying to start postsrsd service in 16.04

I had upgraded from Ubuntu 12.04. There is a README in the postsrsd 1.2-1 Debian package which warns that postsrsd install will NOT overwrite any existing config files.
I apt remove'd postsrsd, deleted /etc/init/postsrsd.conf, /etc/init.d/postsrsd, and /etc/default/postsrsd, then apt install'd postsrsd.
This fixed the problem.


Sony Vaio brightness [Radeon 7500M/7600M Series] in ubuntu 12.10

Try installing xbacklight using apt-get (sudo apt-get install xbacklight). Then try this from the terminal, too: xbacklight -20. If brightness is decreased when running this last command, then this solution might work for you: How to use xbacklight with brightness keys in a VAIO (you'll need to edit some of the paths inside the script).

Hope it helps.


Upgrading virtual machine to new version via virtualbox

Upgrading Ubuntu in VirtualBox is the same as upgrading Ubuntu in a physical machine. The available direct upgrades are the next Ubuntu release and also the next Long Term Support release if you are upgrading from an existing Long Term Support release.

The problem with upgrading vs. a fresh install is that upgrading Ubuntu in VirtualBox takes 2-3 hours whereas a fresh install of Ubuntu takes only about a half hour, but you can still use Windows 7 while Ubuntu is upgrading. If you see a black screen during the upgrade, that is because the screensaver is running, and you can show the Ubuntu desktop screen again by moving the mouse. I have received a few error messages in the terminal while upgrading Ubuntu in VirtualBox which I ignored and let the upgrade continue to run, but despite the error messages I didn't have any problems with Ubuntu in VirtualBox after I upgraded it.

Your personal data should be safe, but you should take the usual precautions about backing up your personal data that was in the Ubuntu guest OS before you start a distribution upgrade.


Unless you know what they're used for, "I already deleted the ones included in the quite good wikipedia article" seems unwise.

OTOH, finding mounted real drives is easy:

mount | grep -E '^/dev'


What's easiest way to get nas to mount in12.04

first check if the share is there:

smbtree

then create a file /home/user/.smb

username=winuser
password=winpwd

run:

sudo mkdir /mnt/Volume_1
sudo mount -t cifs -o credentials=/home/user/.smb //192.168.1.102/Volume_1 /mnt/Volume_1


Ubuntu 17.04 Sending/Receiving files by Bluetooth not working

From the terminal, run (as normal user)

systemctl --user start obex

That worked for me… as it enabled me to send – for example – files to my phone via bluetooth.

For a fix that works accross reboots, run (as normal user)

systemctl --user enable obex

Which creates an according symlink. This is a set-and-forget thing, enabling file transfers permanently so you don't need to start obex every time.

Also see https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/bluez/+bug/1645631


gear icon missing unity panel in ubuntu 13.04

Choose radiance theme in appearance and restart your pc.


why there is difference between psql -version output and the psql version connected to my application? how can I resolve this

Postgres 9.2 is not packaged for Ubuntu 13.10, but 9.1 is. Try to do it like this:

sudo apt-get purge postgresql*

sudo apt-get autoremove

sudo apt-get install postgresql-9.1


It depends on the number prepending the file name. For instance:
10-my-color.conf
20-my-other.conf

That should give the Color variant higher precedence.
P.S. Have you considered to use the ~/.config/fontconfig/conf.d directory for the purpose? That way you wouldn't mix your own files with the files installed by various packages.


Are there any alternatives to tsocks that support HTTPS proxy?

When you are talking about command line programs, most of them respect https_server environment. You can do the following:

Open  .bashrc in your home directory (In case you're using another shell, you should open their rc file.)
Enter the line export https_server=https://SERVERADDR:PORT where SERVERADDR is the IP address or hostname of your proxy server and PORT is the port.
Save the file and type source $HOME/.bashrc. This loads your changes into the current shell.

Now you are able to use the environment variable and every request goes through the HTTPS server.

There might some cases where he environment variable not works. Here you should use iptables to redirect your requests.


Are there any Keyboard Shortcuts to Shutdown?

No, but assuming you're using 11.10, one can easily be added by going to:

System Settings
Keyboard
Shortcuts tab
Custom Shortcuts
Then the little + icon.

You can give it the name "Shutdown", and the command.  Try the command below:

gnome-session-quit --power-off --force

, then apply whatever keyboard shortcut you want to it.


The paste of the terminal output shows where in the code the error happens. It's a Python bug, and related to the fact that the en_IL locale is relatively new.

$ python3
Python 3.5.2+ (default, Sep 22 2016, 12:18:14)
[GCC 6.2.0 20160927] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import locale
>>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_CTYPE, 'en_IL')
'en_IL'
>>> mylocale = locale.getlocale(locale.LC_CTYPE)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/locale.py", line 577, in getlocale
    return _parse_localename(localename)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/locale.py", line 486, in _parse_localename
    raise ValueError('unknown locale: %s' % localename)
ValueError: unknown locale: en_IL
>>> quit()

This means that with the current locale setting you might encounter problems also with other Python applications, so I would suggest a workaround for now: Replacing en_IL with en_IL.UTF-8 makes Python shut up.

Open a terminal window and run

sudo update-locale LANG=en_IL.UTF-8

Log out and log in again
Open Language Support without a crash

I reported the issue in bug #1646260.


How to give Ubuntu 14.04 more disk space

To give more space to Ubuntu, you'll need to do a few things:

Shrink /dev/sda2
Resize the extended partition (/dev/sda3) to include the space freed up by the previous step.
Decide whether the space is for system applications (those installed by apt-get, Software Centre, etc.) or user applications (those installed by you from source, precompiled binaries, etc.
If the former, resize root (/dev/sda5); if the latter, make a partition in the free space and mount it somewhere convenient. I'll cover the former for now, and the latter if anybody requests it.

To accomplish the first step, you have two options:

Shrink using GParted or
Shrink using the Disk Management section in Windows' Computer Management.

With GParted, you can shrink to free up as much space as available, but the operation will be slow. With Windows, shrinking will be very fast, but you may not be able to free up as much space as is shown to be unused. This is because the Windows utility only shrinks upto the last used sector, whereas GParted moves around files. I recommend that you see how much Windows is willing to free up, and if it is satisfactory, use it, or else use GParted. And if you do choose to use GParted, use a live CD/USB to do so. I'll assume a live environment for any Linux operations henceforth.

To shrink in Windows, right click My Computer and select Manage. Go to the Disk Management section, select the C: partition, right click it and choose Shrink Volume:

To do so in GParted: Unmount the partition first if it is mounted (the key icon shows it is mounted) by right clicking /dev/sda2 and selecting Unmount. Choose Resize/Move, and drag the right end of the slider (or enter in values manually) until enough free space is shown at the end of the partition.
Right click the root partition and select Information. You'll get a window that looks like this:

Copy the UUID to somewhere (open a file in gedit and paste it there, if you will).
Repeat the above step with the extended partition and the root partition, but this time dragging the slider to fill up the free space at the beginning.
Click on the green tick to apply.

Once the operations have finished, you'll probably have to change the UUID values of the partitions (as used in /etc/fstab, GRUB, etc.).  For this, we will set up a chroot. But first, repeat step 2 to get the new UUID of the root partition. If they are the same, no worries, skip the next section. You are done. If not:

Now open a terminal and do the following steps:

sudo mount /dev/sda5 /mnt
sudo mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount -t devpts none /mnt/dev/pts
sudo mount -t proc none /mnt/proc
sudo mount -t sysfs none /mnt/sysfs

sudo chroot /mnt /bin/bash -l

Now, you will be inside a chroot environment in your installed Ubuntu, as opposed to the live Ubuntu used to get there. We must replace the UUID value for root in /etc/fstab, so use your choice of editor to open it and change the value to the one you copied a few steps ago (if you aren't familiar with vi, use nano):

vi /etc/fstab

(You are root within the chroot, so you don't need sudo.)
Or use the sed command:

sed -i 's/OLD_UUID/NEW_UUID/' /etc/fstab

(Replace OLD_UUID and NEW_UUID with the appropriate values.)

Finally, update GRUB:

update-grub

If this finished without errors, you can exit the chroot (exit) and reboot. Done!


When an Upstart Job is run, what is the value of $UPSTART_JOB set to?

$UPSTART_JOB has the name of the invoked service module: the base of the config filename: foo.conf -> start foo -> echo $UPSTART_JOB -> 'foo'


Differences between the 2 FGLRX graphics drivers

The 'post release updates' will install Catalyst 11.9 which is the latest version while the 'ATI/AMD proprietary FGLRX graphics driver' will install Catalyst 11.8 which was the driver at the freeze stage of 11.10 development

There has been issues with the 11.9 driver with Unity (see ubuntu forums here) so I suggest you install the 'ATI/AMD proprietary FGLRX graphics driver'.


Linux 4.6 now treats BYD touchpads as touchpads, see patch.

However it's not supported by synaptics yet as of xserver-xorg-input-synaptics-1.8.2 (current version in xenial), so synclient and other GUI tools (e.g. the KDE kcm_touchpad system settings module) cannot configure the touchpad behavior yet.

The issue is tracked as launchpad #1424293.


Are there guidelines for requesting enhancements of open source projects?

Ask in the right place.

One thing that really annoys developers is people asking things in the wrong place. This applies to all sorts of communications and finding out the right way for a particular project does take some investigative work.

Start with the project documentation. Most large projects have a section about bugs and these tend to hint at where the best place is for certain types of bug. If the project is smaller or more informal, direct communication (email or chat/IRC) isn't a bad idea.

If the developer does get annoyed with you for sending direct emails and you've looked for alternatives, it's sort of their fault for not making it clear.

In our (Ubuntu's) context, Launchpad for bugs, Brainstorm for wider feature requests. In a lot of cases you want to swim upstream to where the project lives though. If you can get something fixed or added upstream, them you can talk to the Ubuntu maintainers about getting the patch or update pulled into Ubuntu.
Check that there isn't an existing request.

We close a lot of duplicates here and I know Launchpad does too. Duplicates waste people's time because they have to go through the triage process. If you can find an existing thread about something, go there.

Most trackers have a "subscribe" feature so you can stay up to date. If the progress looks stalled, I don't think too many people would mind a "What's the progress?/Can I do anything to help?"-style poke.
Be polite. Be thorough. Be helpful.

We are almost never owed anything by an open source developer (except in the case where you hire them outright) so just remember that they're people with lives and jobs. Your requests should be clear, courteous and complete to avoid wasting time going through a waterfall of need-more-info/incomplete requests.

Regardless of your ability, always find out if there's anything you can do to help a situation. Even if you can't help directly if you can tease out what needs to happen from the developer, other people can help. If you know people who could do certain elements, you could introduce them to the thread and ask if they fancy a crack at helping you.
If you can, think about donating, sponsoring or hiring.

Yeah I think I'm suggesting bribery. If you really need a feature to the point where not having it costs you money (directly or through wasted time), I don't think it's unfair to want to directly sponsor an improvement.

A lot of projects don't like cash-for-bug payments but some developers may be open to it. They are people and people (unfortunately) need money. I have hired a small project's main developer for a day to improve something that was commercially very important to me but was very low-level on the scale of the project.

If you can't get anybody in the project to help there are always freelance sites where people code for cash. I see no reason you couldn't hire somebody to work on your bug, pushing patches to the bug tracker for review. Just make it clear that they need to work to the guidelines set out in the project and explicitly state how their work will be licensed.

This isn't really a very sustainable way of doing things but it is a way of giving back that might directly help you. It's worth a look if you're ever desperate.


"Failed to unmount partitions" during installation Ubuntu 11.10

The obvious question is whether you closed any applications using these mount point; the usual suspects are a file manager or even the terminal, but anything can be using it.


For unlimited history, you'll have to edit ~/.bashrc. The default configuration is as

# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)
HISTSIZE=1000
HISTFILESIZE=2000

You can edit above variables to a large number for unlimited history.

Also, you can use konsole itself in unity. To install,

sudo apt-get install konsole


How to install Debian "stretch" kernel (4.9.0-3-amd64) on Ubuntu

you can get the kernel here:  https://packages.debian.org/stretch/linux-image-4.9.0-3-amd64
and links for the headers, compiler, and kbuild here: https://packages.debian.org/stretch/linux-headers-4.9.0-3-amd64

Install linux-base, then linux-image
then common headers, compiler and kbuild
then headers-amd
header-all shouldn't be needed.

If you are not building any kernel modules, then the headers, compiler and kbuild are not needed.

NOTE: Although Ubuntu, Debian, and Kali are all debian linux, it is not recommended to mix packages because of minor tweeks done by individual distros.


I had the same issue as the Nikki until today, when I fixed it accidentally by making a hardware configuration change.

My hardware is different from the Nikki's. I am using the Intel graphics built into my Dell Optiplex 7010.

Since I changed from legacy boot to UEFI, the grub menu had been displayed at a low resolution, while the frame buffer continued to use the desired resolution of 2560 x 1440.

Today, I was cleaning-up the 7010's system configuration. On the page at Settings -> General -> Advanced Boot Options, I found a checked checkbox labelled 'Enable Legacy option ROMs'. I cleared this box, saved the configuration, and booted. To my surprise, the grub menu was now displayed at 2560 x 1440.

Perhaps others may be able to resolve this issue by removing remnants of support for legacy booting from their hardware configurations.


Please do not invent the wheel.
The Dropbear is packaged for ages on Debian and Ubuntu.
To install it open terminal and type:
sudo apt-add-repository universe
sudo apt-get install dropbear

To modify the source - enable Source Code in Software & Updates (software-properties-gtk), install build dependencies, get the source, modify it, compile and install compiled version by
sudo apt-get build-dep dropbear
sudo apt-get install dpkg-dev fakeroot

cd ~/Downloads
apt-get source dropbear
cd dropbear-*
# modify source

dpkg-buildpackage -uc -us
# install modified version
sudo apt-get install ../dropbear{_,-bin,-run}*.deb


Intel Graphics - Conflicting libcairo2 package

Backup the file in question:

sudo mv /usr/share/doc/libcairo2/changelog.Debian.gz /usr/share/doc/libcairo2/changelog.Debian.gz.backup

Then rerun the update. see here for more details.


It doesn't trigger directly on boot ,  but happens after invoking some command which uses cgroups and tries accessing non-existent cgroup . In my case , it was lxc-ls  .

See https://lists.linuxcontainers.org/pipermail/lxc-users/2016-August/012172.html

Anyhow,try modifying /etc/pam.d/common-session{,-noninteractive} , adding cpuacct to

  session optional        pam_cgfs.so -c freezer,memory,name=systemd

fixed it for me .


I'm assuming that you've already configured port forwarding and are able to get through to the machine at work.

Otherwise, even after following my answer, you won't get very far.

The SSH server is not installed by default.

You will need to install it by running these commands in a terminal (ctrl+alt+t) on the machine you wish to connect to:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install openssh-server

Then you will be able to connect normally by running:

#Replace user & IP accordingly
ssh user@192.168.3.321

However, in that state you have a security risk.

As Oli has noted here,

  You need to harden it from the standard setup. I've gone through
  several suggestions on my blog but at the very least, I'd suggest:

  Key-based logins. Disable password logins.
  Move it off port 22. Use something crazy-high, in the 20000-60000 range.
  Use fail2ban to ban people who do find it and try to brute it.

  They take about 10 minutes in total and you go from a 1/10000 chance
  of being broken in to a probability so small, there isn't enough paper
  in the world to write its fraction... Assuming you're careful with
  your key, it has a password of its own and you don't trumpet your
  credentials all over the net.

  If the computer is behind a router, you'll also want to do some port
  forwarding. This is router-specific so I'll just direct you to
  http://portforward.com


This particular error can be due to a poorly created package by the author - most of the time you can ignore the error.  However this is your risk.

First double check where you have downloaded the deb.  Is it from a known trusted source?

Also - think carefully why you dont use the similarly named package from the repository.  The version in the repository is of an accepted quality and has been tested by many people.

You can install this from the command line as well - the error will not be displayed i.e.

sudo dkpg -i <packagename>


How to clean up deprecated packages after a failed Lubuntu or Ubuntu upgrade?

Install if possible sudo apt install apt-show-versions

apt-show-versions | grep 'No available'

lists packages which no longer available in your package source. Take a good look which one you maybe need. You can remove them all together with sudo apt  purge $(apt-show-versions | grep 'No available' | awk '{print $1}')


How to delete a file that has not been accessed recently?

The 'find' command has an option called '-atime' for exactly this usage. If you want to find all files recursively under a directory, that have not been accessed for 30 days use:

find /directory/path/ -type f -atime +29

I think it is always using this first command to list which files you're operating on, before deleting. If you want to delete them use:

find /directory/path/ -type f -atime +29 -delete

As mentioned by Amias in comments, not all filesystems use atime. You can also search by modified time (modifications to the file contents) with -mtime or changed time (changes to file permissions/ownership etc) with ctime.

It is worth noting that find's time structure is unusual in that it searches in 24 hr units for days, so what you may think is 3 days old, find may think is only 2 days old. Hence the use of +29 for 30 days. The + is used to specify, more than an number of days, - can be used to specify less than.

If you don't want the search to be recursive, you can limit how far it descends into the directory tree with -maxdepth n where n is the number of directories to step down through.


"Other locations": Can others see my computer and just see my file system?

This depends on services installed on nearby computers.

Other locations usually inlude Windows Shares (i.e. SMB/CIFS protocol), which does not provide remote command execution. It is not SSH or Telnet or Fish.

But some computers may have SSH-server enabled, you can connect to them with sftp://username@hostname. This type connection requires username and password  and/or keyfile.

So the shortest answer is No.


Your debug output shows that Pipelight loads the configuration from /home/alden/.config/pipelight-silverlight5.1. This config file is most probably corrupt and contains some invalid paths leading to the errors you encounter.

I would recommend to delete the file:

    rm /home/alden/.config/pipelight-silverlight5.1

Pipelight should now fallback to its default configuration which is sufficient in most of the cases. If you still need to change something, you should copy the original config file from /usr/share/pipelight/configs/pipelight-silverlight5.1 to /home/alden/.config/pipelight-silverlight5.1 and check after each modification if it still works.


Where are my OneDrive for Business files?

I know of one available client for OneDrive (Personal, not Business, as far as I know, but it might also work for Business), which is available in the 18.04 Universe repository and I believe is also available in 17.10. However, it is CLI-only and has no GUI. My only experience with it was on 17.10 and it was syncing my entire OneDrive account's worth of data. I have not fine-tuned it using the reference information given on the author's GitHub page, though. I decided to use DropBox instead, but the built-in Google sync seems to work well, too. I think this client could work for you, but will require a bit of fine-tuning. This is the Github page for the client, and best of luck!

http://skilion.github.io/onedrive/


Connect N VMs over 2 NICs to internet. Bridging? Bonding? Both?

Bridging both physical interfaces caused the problem. If you want to improve speed, you should use bonding. The configuration downside to this is you have to bond at both ends.

Another possibility load balancing over these 2 interfaces using ECMP and ip-tables. ip-tables provides connection counters (at least i think they do), so use those to select odd and even connections and send them through one or another connection. Be wary if there is NAT in the middle as that can cause problems with establishing related connections. Also, services with several connections may fail.

I cannot provide correct syntax on how to do this as I only can do this on some proprietary system.


How to get a repository to override all other repositories, for all software in that repository?

So, after some more experimentation and learning, I think that I have an answer; don't revert system to original state; update the broken bits instead.  Both Ubuntu and LibreOffice bugs were being 'Resolved' as 'It's their fault'!

Necessity is the mother of invention...

Solution in fellow Noobspeak:

Run Synaptic Package Manager
    If not sure how, press the Windows/Super key then type Synaptic and click the appropriate icon
Enter your password when prompted
Click On The 'Status' button.  Above that, select 'Broken Dependencies'
To the right, Select all four affected LibreOffice Packages
Right click them and choose 'Mark For Upgrade' option
Click the big Apply button, above.

Unless the tiger is hiding, waiting to bite my hubristic backside, I think that this solves it.  Tell me if I'm giving stupid advice!  Thanks.

If it hasn't worked for you, perhaps you'd deseleted the LibreOffice PPA in the Depositary List.  Reenable it and start again.


Can Ping & HTTP but not SMTP from a host

Given that this is a corporate situation, the most plausible culprit is the company firewall. Like in most corporate set-ups, the firewall rejects all outbound TCP port 25 connections, except those originating from designated machines. The Windows server probably is one of these, and the Ubuntu server isn't.

To find out whether this is the case, perform any of these diagnostics, in decreasing order of sensibility:

Ask the network administrators. They know.
Run tcptraceroute mail.domain.com 25 from the Ubuntu server to find out which hop is rejecting the establishment of an SMTP connection.
Assign the IP address of the Windows server to the Ubuntu server. Pull out the network cable from the Windows server. Try telnet mail.domain.com 25 from the Ubuntu server. Better not tell the network administrators.

From these diagnostics you will find out whether the TCP connection is blocked within the company, at the destination, or somewhere in between. I'd say the odds for these are 1G:10:1. In either case, you will need to talk to the network administrators to solve the issue, so you might as well take step 1 right away.

Note that it makes no sense to do a traceroute when you can already ping a destination. The successful ping proves that the destination is live and reachable. Therefore all hops in between are reachable. No need to demonstrate that.


I use laptop-mode-tools without any problem. I use it without any problem with ACPI besides it. Check this site:
link

Of course, this site is of ArchLinux so "pacman" command and "rc.conf" doesn't aplly to you.


Audacious error pertaining to OSS4 on Lubuntu 16.04

In File, Settings, click on the Audio tab and make sure you have ALSA selected. You shouldn't then see that window:


Ubuntu 14.04 LTS does not recognize attached thermal printer via ethernet

Epson make a linux driver; get it from here https://download.epson-biz.com/modules/pos/index.php?page=single_soft&cid=5012&scat=32&pcat=52

It comes down as tmx-cups-2.0.3.0.tar.gz

so assuming you download and SAVE it in your Downloads folder; open a terminal; copy each line below; paste each line into a terminal; hit the ENTER key after each paste

cd Downloads

tar -zxvf tmx-cups-2.0.3.0.tar.gz

cd tmx-cups

sudo ./install.sh

and that should install the drivers and get it working; do let us know if it works


Broken count error : linux-generic-pae : Depends: linux-image-generic-pae (= 3.2.0.37.44) but 3.2.0.37.45 is installed

I resolved a nearly identical problem (see below) by running dpkg --remove linux-image-server followed by apt-get install linux-image-server. Or in your case:

sudo dpkg --remove linux-generic-pae
sudo apt-get install linux-generic-pae

My problem was with the linux-image-server kernel metapackage rather than the linux-generic-pae metapackage, but the version numbers were the same:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 linux-server : Depends: linux-image-server (= 3.2.0.37.44) but 3.2.0.37.45 is to be installed
                Depends: linux-headers-server (= 3.2.0.37.44) but 3.2.0.37.45 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).


How to make chromium browser look nativein KDE

The missing thing is to set the gtk widget style to oxygen-gtk.
I found this tutorial more detailed.


How can I view the number of files in each folder in Ubuntu one folder?


Windows won't boot File: \ubuntu\winboot\wubildr.mbr

You mention that your Windows 7 is pretty new. A few Windows 7 systems used the new UEFI (but no secure boot) with gpt partitioning where most used BIOS with MBR(msdos) partitioning. If you have gpt partitioning wubi will not install correctly.
Grub4dos (which wubi uses) doesn't work with GPT disks (required by UEFI)

http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2013/04/wubi-advice

If you have an efi partition then you have gpt partitioning. If you just have the standard 100MB Windows boot partition and the main install with two recovery partitions, one Windows repairs and the other the Vendor image of your system then you have BIOS with MBR.

You do have to install wubi from inside Windows.

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/WubiGuide

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Wubi

If all you want to do is remove the wubi entry in the BCD use Windows bdcEdit to remove entry. See manually removing in WubiGuide for more info.


apt-get install rsyslog

and executing rsyslog did solve my problem.


Purging "xfce4-notifyd" purges "ubuntustudio-desktop" with it. Why? How to avoid this if possible

Actually xfce4-notifyd is the standard notification daemon for Ubuntu Studio (has XFCE desktop). However if you want to remove/replace it, you can do so:

Either sudo apt-get purge xfce4-notifyd and let it remove ubuntustudio-desktop as it is a meta package (no harm, it's an empty package). See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MetaPackages
Or just disable xfce4-notifyd service:

sudo mv /usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.xfce.xfce4-notifyd.Notifications.service /usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.xfce.xfce4-notifyd.Notifications.service.disable

Then kill already running one:

sudo pkill xfce4-notifyd

To re-enable it, rename it back:

sudo mv /usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.xfce.xfce4-notifyd.Notifications.service.disable /usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.xfce.xfce4-notifyd.Notifications.service


Have you tried finding your USB in the hadrdrive list in the BIOS.
Make your first boot device as harddrive and under harddrives you should be able to find your USB.


Don't think "windows" with Linux. If the open source driver is working, stick with it. If you can login to your desktop without doing anything special like choosing unity 2d, then everything is up and running. You seldom have to install any special drivers in Linux, it's all built into system. Proprietary drivers from Ati tends to give headache.


Despite port 80 being unblocked apache still doesn't seem to work

Is the virtual machine connected to your network? if not maybe put the network setting in bridge mode. In this case the IP would be the one of the computer the virtual machine is running on.
Please give more details as to what you're doing, are you making a server for your local network? Or connected to the internet?

EDIT:

IT says here that if you want to run a server in a guest (which sounds like what you want to do) then bridged mode is the setting you have to use.


My mouse / keyboard response gets delayed if I don't use it all the time.

After quite a bit of googling I remembered I has installed powernap.

sudo powernap-action -l

[disabled] 01cpu_online         - sh: 1: /etc/pm/power.d/01cpu_online: Permission denied
[enabled]  00flag               -
[disabled] usb                  - sh: 1: /etc/pm/power.d/usb: Permission denied
[disabled] video                - sh: 1: /etc/pm/power.d/video: Permission denied
[disabled] eth_speed            - sh: 1: /etc/pm/power.d/eth_speed: Permission denied
[enabled]  usb_autosuspend      - Auto suspend USB bus to save power.
[enabled]  cpu_frequency        - Lowers the CPU frequency, changing the scaling governor from ondemand to powersave.
[disabled] kms_powermode        - sh: 1: /etc/pm/power.d/kms_powermode: Permission denied

One of the options I had enabled was

[enabled]  usb_autosuspend      - Auto suspend USB bus to save power.

So I fixed the issue by disabling usb_autosuspend.

sudo powernap-action --disable usb_autosuspend

So Now

[disabled] usb_autosuspend      - sh: 1: /etc/pm/power.d/usb_autosuspend: Permission denied


I was having the same issue today, and I tried everything I could think of to have duplicity recognize a relative path, in the end, I just used the absolute paths instead (/home/myuser/dir instead of ~/dir or ./dir) and it works. It's not as pretty but it gets the job done.


How can I stay on 4.8 kernels, or anyway not upgrade to 4.10 kernels?

First remove unnecessary lines from your sources.list; Only keep yakkety and your own version's lines.

Add this line:

APT::Default-Release "zesty";

to : /etc/apt/apt.conf.

Create a file:

sudo touch /etc/apt/preferences.d/kernel

Add these lines into it:

Package: linux-generic
Pin: release n=zesty
Pin-Priority: -10

Package: linux-generic
Pin: release n=yakkety
Pin-Priority: 900

Package: linux-image-generic
Pin: release n=zesty
Pin-Priority: -10

Package: linux-image-generic
Pin: release n=yakkety
Pin-Priority: 900

Package: linux-headers-generic
Pin: release n=zesty
Pin-Priority: -10

Package: linux-headers-generic
Pin: release n=yakkety
Pin-Priority: 900

Package: linux-tools-common
Pin: release n=zesty
Pin-Priority: -10

Package: linux-tools-common
Pin: release n=yakkety
Pin-Priority: 900

Package: linux-tools-generic
Pin: release n=zesty
Pin-Priority: -10

Package: linux-tools-generic
Pin: release n=yakkety
Pin-Priority: 900

You are running zesty right? if not change zesty with your Ubuntu code name.

Before doing anything check that you don't get a massive update using:

apt update
apt list -u

Further reading


Either login as your own user in the TTY, or if you have to use root, use your username as part of the path (assuming mahdi is your username):

nano ~mahdi/.pam_environment

Or, probably equivalent:

nano /home/mahdi/.pam_environment

Otherwise ~ will refer to the root user's home directory, not yours.


Insufficient diskspace when installing oracle express 10g

To free some space in the system, try this:

Remove the unnecessary packages: sudo apt-get autoremove --purge
Remove the unnecessary packages' cached installers: sudo apt-get autoclean

If it's not enough:

Delete the content of the /var/log/ folder: sudo rm -rf /var/log/*


How change a mention about user folder after user name changing correctly

You can use the "sed" command to replace all occurrences of "foo" in a file with "bar" using the following syntax:

sed -i 's/foo/bar/g' filename

In your case it would be

sed -i 's/\/home\/test/\/home\/drobazko/g' filename

"filename" here can be a wildcard * or matching certain types of files (eg *.rb)


Installable distro with customised kernel and selected packages

You can use "Novo" or "ubuntu-builder" or  "remastersys" that would be perfect


Autostart Python script in Terminal Lubuntu

Use xterm -e python /path/to/script.py, without the quotes, instead.
Your " quotes aren't behaving the way you want. xterm -e is trying to run "python with /path/to/script.py" as its argument, instead of python with /path/to/script as its argument. In this case you can simply omit the quotes.
In a shell script or when you run a shell interactively, quotes are treated specially and quote removal is performed. But this does not happen with commands you specify in LXSession configuration → Autostart → Manual autostarted applications.
Fortunately, even though xterm -e in Ubuntu will perform word splitting on one argument to treat it as a command, it also accepts multiple arguments. That's why -e has to be the last option--everything else is interpreted as being part of the command. For example, if you run xterm -e nano foo, that opens foo in nano in an XTerm window. As man xterm says:
   -e program [ arguments ... ]
           This  option  specifies  the  program  (and  its  command  line
           arguments) to be run in the xterm window.   It  also  sets  the
           window  title  and  icon name to be the basename of the program
           being executed if neither -T nor -n are given  on  the  command
           line.  This must be the last option on the command line.
Assuming you're not trying to run a script whose path has spaces in its name, all you have to do  is remove the quotes:
xterm -e python /path/to/script.py

Two other caveats come to mind:

When the script finishes, python quits, and then the XTerm window will quit too. If you don't want this then you can add code to the Python script that waits for user interaction, or you can write a wrapper shell script (or any kind of wrapper script) that runs python /path/to/script.py and then waits for user interaction.
XTerm works fine in Lubuntu but the default GUI terminal emulator is LXTerminal. In case you would prefer to use that, you can use lxterminal instead of xterm. The lxterminal command accepts -e and treats it the same way as xterm, so this would look like lxterminal -e python /path/to/script/py. As with XTerm, LXTerminal will quit when the  command is finished running.


How to partition the space allocated to Root directory

Always do a backup first, however, when you do a reinstall in the future, follow the following instructions to keep the data in your home directory.

When you get to the part of the installation that asks if you would like to install Ubuntu along side your current operating system, choose something else.

Then right click on the Ubuntu partition, select the mount point "/"and DO NOT PLACE A TICK IN THE BOX TO FORMAT THE PARTITION. Choose the format type as ext4 (or whatever is currently in place) and continue with the installation. Again, make sure there is no tick in the box to format the partition . . . do not format the partition.

If you do not format the partition, the home directory will not be overwritten and you will keep your data.


Format usb linux Western Digital external disks

You want to try the U3_tool for linux: http://u3-tool.sourceforge.net.  Keep in mind it doesn't come with a guarantee, but it's worth a shot if you want linux only.  Alternatively you could run Wine.

Quote from that page:

Overview

Tool for controlling USB flash devices that confirm to the U3 specifications. This program can control the following features:

 Replacing of CD image
 Changing of virtual CD allocated size and completely removing it
 Enabling and disabling Security
 Unlocking and changing password of secured U3 device
 Obtainig various device information

WARNING: This Software is still alpha. Since the commands for controlling U3 devices aren't publicly available, we don't excatly know what we are doing. Although the application has been tested on a Sandisk Cruzer micro and a Verbatim Store 'N Go, it is not said that it won't stop other devices from working. The author is not responsible for any damage to your device.

Supported devices

In general all U3 USB flash devices should be supported.

A list of devices that are reported to work with this tool is available in the forum

Status

This program should be usable for day to day use. But beware that it is still under development.

Installation

Download the latest release from the Sourceforge project page, and follow the instructions provided in the package.

Usage

Examples:

Removing U3 cd partition, making it a ordanarry UFD, under MS Windows where e:\ is one of the U3 device drives.

u3_tool.exe -p 0 E

Unlock secured data partition under Linux 2.6.20+

# ./u3_tool -u /dev/sg3

Replace /dev/sg3 with the scsi generic device associated with your device. The correct device can be deduced from the dmesg output.

Unlock secured data partition under Linux 2.4 using USB subsystem

# modprobe -r usb-storage
# ./u3_tool -u scan
# modprobe usb-storage

Links

 u3_tool sourceforge project page
 U3 Wikipedia article
 McGrew Security's analysis of U3


From mv manpage:

SYNOPSIS
       mv [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
       mv [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY

DESCRIPTION
       Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.

If the destination (your "new location") is a directory, the source ("old location") will be moved into that directory. So, in order to rename a file/directory you have to make sure there isn't already a directory with the same new name.


Boot repair doesn't help to repair my grub after ubuntu install on dual boot

Grub has installed itself on the windows boot sector so Windows cannot boot. Did you select to install it on /dev/sda1? Grub was supposed to prevent this, but if you force it manually it can happen (or maybe it's a new bug).

Anyway the only way to repair it is to run bootrec /fixboot from a Windows repair prompt which you can get to using a Windows installation DVD or a Windows repair CD.

Does Ubuntu boot fine? If so the above should be all you need. Otherwise you need to edit your question and describe in more detail what is happening.

PS Don't run bootrec /fixmbr as this will splat Grub and don't let Windows automatically repair as the same is likely to happen.

PPS You can also repair the boot sector most of the time directly from your Ubuntu install which is easier than booting a Windows repair CD: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootSectorFix


Network printer HP gives error filter failed

I have solved my problem following this site

I had to use the commands

lpstat -p
cupsenable Hewlett-Packard-HP-LaserJet-600-M602


You're extremely lucky not to have lost any data...  If I were you, I would:

Take a file back-up of all my files, delete the partition and then re-create the partition and restore the files.

For more info read here for user type 4.


PPTP VPN stops working after disconnected once

I came cross the exactly same problem after upgrading my Ubuntu 16.04.

I also found that the "disconnect VPN" button has disappeared after upgrade and "configure VPN" has become constantly gray.

At first i doubt if there's any issue with the NetworkManager package, thus i tried reinstalling all nm packages, but it didn't work.

Then i doubt if my system is corrupted, I even reinstalled the whole OS (only root folder) with newest stable release 16.04.02, but it neither worked.

I suspect that some update in 16.04.02 caused this problem.
Really hope this problem could be solved soon.


upgraded to 12.04 now no audio over AMD HDMI

It's a kernel problem

Do this an the sound will come back

No sound on HDMI with Radeon driver


Restore Home Icon on Ubuntu 11.04 Launcher

Open the launcher i.e. press super key and type nautilus. You will be presented with home folder open it and on launcher check on keep in launcher.

OR

go to /usr/share/applications/ and drag and drop nautilus-home.desktop on the sidebar launcher and check keep in launcher


Windows 7 won't boot or recover after Ubuntu 13.04 installation

Using Windows 7 Installation Disk Boot the PC and While u getting to the Installation screen choose repair and choose the Command line and use command fixmbr and fixboot then reboot the machine , it will fix , and if u need the Ubuntu 13.04 too u need to Write ur Grub once more


There is a command line program called tmux that can handle multiple terminal windows and is able to work across sessions as well.


Offline File & Document Management System?

If the database must be exportable, you should search for the document management system that uses a database easily exportable and well supported as MySQL.
There are many, just to name a couple OpenDocman and Logicaldoc.


Why do I have to shrink the C drive partition of windows to install Ubuntu in dual boot?

why does it have to be only 4 drives

I think you meant "partitions". And the answer is because the MBR style partition table has a maximum number of 4 partitions. Do note that you can get around this by using logical partitions.

However, GUID partition tables remove this restriction.

Now as for:

  why do I have to shrink the C drive partition of windows to install Ubuntu in dual boot?

Because Ubuntu (or any Linux distro for that matter) cannot be installed onto an NTFS partition. (Well, okay technically there's WUBI but you really don't want to use that)


How to remove ImageMagick without breaking its dependencies?

ImageMagick is a suite of command line tools and libraries for working with images and packages that depend on it or uses parts of it to function.

Cups uses it for its filters and while it's possible that you don't use any filters that use ImageMagick, I'd recommend that you keep it, because removing it may break Cups.

Now, if you still want to remove it, you can do it like this:

$ sudo dpkg --purge --force-all imagemagick

Note: This will very likely break your system so don't do it!


no software installed from terminal or software centre dpkg passwd error with reurn 1

I do not fully understand what the full error is throwing, but it looks like a few settings are corrupted.
I suggest you run the following commands from the terminal:

sudo apt-get remove software-center
sudo apt-get purge software-center
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install software-center

This has worked for me in the past when an application has thrown errors, but I do not know the full reason behind your problem as the system details aren't listed... though they may not be needed.

As I reread through the error, it looks like the package is corrupt or the executed command has a syntax error, so if this does not work, purge the package cache and try installing it again, carefully checking the syntax of your command.


How can I revive a dead translation team?

See the Role Reassignment Policy of the Ubuntu Translations Coordinators


Can't connect to internet on minimal Ubuntu

I've found the answer to this myself:

first:

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

then make its contents as:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto p3p1
iface p3p1 inet dhcp

save and close nano.

and finally:

sudo ifdown p3p1 && sudo ifup -v p3p1

You should have gotten internet back. Now install network-manager if you don't want to do this again after reboot.


I can confirm that updating via TWRP terminal works just fine. I have done myself on my Pro5. Just do exactly as you did when installing and only those 4 files. The system will be updated and all data will be kept intact.
When finished you can wipe the cache.
No need to worry about bricking the phone, not this way at least:-)


Why do I get the error message "Fcinit fatal vloopback not found" whenever I boot?

FcInit - initialize fontconfig library who is provided by libfontconfig1-dev_2.3.2-1.1ubuntu12_i386.

FcInit, loads  the  default configuration file and the fonts referenced therein
and sets the default configuration to  that  result.   Returns  whether
this  process  succeeded  or  not.   If  the  default configuration has
already been loaded, this routine does nothing and returns FcTrue.

So, do a force install to libfontconfig1-dev_2.3.2-1.1ubuntu12_i386.


Ubuntu 18.04 boots to blank purple screen

Given that downgrading is not an option and given that I would prefer not to have to reinstall Ubuntu and then reinstall and reconfigure all the apps I've already set up, as a work around I am going to use the following solution which works for me:

Press right shift key when booting up.
When the Grub menu appears, select "advanced options for Ubuntu" and press enter.
Select "Ubuntu with Linux 4.13.0-41-generic" and press enter.
Log in.

It seems that the problem is with the 4.15 kernel and since I can't undo the upgrade from 17.1 to 18.04, I can use this method to fall back to the 4.13 kernel.

Is it a kludge? Yes. But one that is certainly preferable to a complete re-install.


How do I open a new instance of an application by default in GNOME?

Also answered here: How to open new window instead of already open window in gnome

You can configure this globally with a tweak extension.

You can press super , write tweak , open tweak tools.

Then go to "extensions" and enable "launch new instance"

Example:


Ubuntu 16.04 LTS: Black screen after suspending/putting screen down on Lenovo E540 laptop

You just have to press Space, like when Windows goes to sleep


Install Grammalecte for French to Libre writer

I resolved the issue by removing Libreoffice, then re-installing (I used the Snap version), then I was able to add Grammalecte as an extension which is now working.
If you have spent time looking to resolve this for me I thank you most sincerely.
Hal_v


Your CPU is really don't support SSS3. Please don't confuse with SSE3, that difference thing :).

AMD CPU that support for SSSE3 listed in this link.


See this line?

 dr-xr-xr-x 2 nathan nathan 4096 Aug 10 11:36 images

You have no writing permissions for images directory.

This can be fixed by

chmod +w -R images

from the parent directory.


I found that you can use the installer if you install a newer ppa.

Precise PPA

https://launchpad.net/~fmarier/+archive/git-annex

A newer version of git-annex, including the assistant and WebApp. (Maintained by François Marier)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:fmarier/git-annex
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install git-annex

see http://git-annex.branchable.com/install/Ubuntu/


How to set magnet links to open in a CLI program?

As per the link DK Bose posted, I was able to get this working!

Firstly, install vlc, xterm, python-libtorrent and wget:

sudo apt-get install vlc xterm python-libtorrent wget
To be able to open torrent files from Firefox and play them with VLC via Peerflix:

wget https://raw.github.com/hotice/webupd8/master/Torrent-Video-Player -O /tmp/Torrent-Video-Player

sudo install /tmp/Torrent-Video-Player /usr/local/bin/

Then when you open your browser and click a torrent, select other and browse for  /usr/local/bin/Torrent-Video-Player
To get magnet links to work:

wget https://raw.github.com/danfolkes/Magnet2Torrent/master/Magnet_To_Torrent2.py -O /tmp/Magnet_To_Torrent2.py

sudo install /tmp/Magnet_To_Torrent2.py /usr/local/bin/

wget https://raw.github.com/hotice/webupd8/master/Magnet-Video-Player -O /tmp/Magnet-Video-Player

sudo install /tmp/Magnet-Video-Player /usr/local/bin/

Then when you open your browser and click a magnet link, select other and browse for  /usr/local/bin/Magnet-Video-Player


12.04 & 11.10 macbook pro issues. Trackpad and Mouse aren't working. Can't login or boot from cd

I had the same problem when booting from CD. Then I got it solved by holding the "option/alt" key and it shows whether to boot from CD. Hope it helps. CD was showing up as windows cd for me eventhough it was Linux Mint CD.


Kubuntu - The package ttf-mscorefonts-installer needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it

Test this:

Open a terminal by hitting Ctrl+Alt+T.

Run the following commands:

sudo -i
apt-get update
apt-get install --reinstall ttf-mscorefonts-installer


Configuring two internet connections with Dynamic WAN IP

You can not use answer because, like you say, your ip addresses is dynamically assigned from ISP.

Also you will have different routing. Only you can do is routing based on interfaces, not based on ip.

Example:

sudo route add -host xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx dev ZZZ

or

sudo route add -net yyy.yyy.yyy.yyy/qq dev ZZZ

ZZZ represent network card, aka eth0 or eth1


Can't open desktop folders on Ubuntu 18.04

I just experienced the same problem-not being able to open the folders on my desktop, but I could open Nautilus, and from there, open the folders.

What I ended up doing is:

From the Desktop - Right Click on the Folder
Select- Open With Other Application
Select- Nautilus

That worked for me.
Just checked it again before Posting this, still works.

            .-/+oossssoo+/-.
        `:+ssssssssssssssssss+:`           ---
      -+ssssssssssssssssssyyssss+-         OS: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS x86_64
    .ossssssssssssssssssdMMMNysssso.       Kernel: 4.15.0-38-generic
   /ssssssssssshdmmNNmmyNMMMMhssssss/      Uptime: 31 mins
  +ssssssssshmydMMMMMMMNddddyssssssss+     Packages: 2521 (dpkg), 24 (snap)
 /sssssssshNMMMyhhyyyyhmNMMMNhssssssss/    Shell: bash 4.4.19
.ssssssssdMMMNhsssssssssshNMMMdssssssss.   Resolution: 1920x1080
+sssshhhyNMMNyssssssssssssyNMMMysssssss+   DE: GNOME 3.28.3
ossyNMMMNyMMhsssssssssssssshmmmhssssssso   WM: GNOME Shell
ossyNMMMNyMMhsssssssssssssshmmmhssssssso   WM Theme: Adwaita
+sssshhhyNMMNyssssssssssssyNMMMysssssss+   Theme: Ambiance [GTK2/3]
.ssssssssdMMMNhsssssssssshNMMMdssssssss.   Icons: ubuntu-mono-dark [GTK2/3]
 /sssssssshNMMMyhhyyyyhdNMMMNhssssssss/    Terminal: gnome-terminal
  +sssssssssdmydMMMMMMMMddddyssssssss+     CPU: Intel i5-6400 (4) @ 3.300GHz
   /ssssssssssshdmNNNNmyNMMMMhssssss/      GPU: Intel HD Graphics 530
    .ossssssssssssssssssdMMMNysssso.       Memory: 2225MiB / 62508MiB
      -+sssssssssssssssssyyyssss+-
        `:+ssssssssssssssssss+:`
            .-/+oossssoo+/-.


To install OpenJDK Java 8 runtime in Ubuntu 18.04 open the terminal and type:
sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt update
sudo apt install openjdk-8-jre


I installed xubuntu-desktop on top of normal Ubuntu 14.04. Then I also noticed that the greeter had changed. I still use the xubuntu desktop, but I changed the greeter back by adding a line

greeter-session=unity-greeter

into /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/10-xubuntu.conf.

Update: Now on a new install of Ubuntu 14.10 + xubuntu-desktop on top of that, there is no directory lightdm.conf.d under /etc/lightdm. But following advice from here I created the directory /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d and a file /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-myconfig.conf with contents

[SeatDefaults]
greeter-session=unity-greeter

and I get the unity greeter back.


headphones not working on Windows after installing Kubuntu 12.10

I just resolved this issue.

You have to log into Windows, uninstall sound driver and then Shutdown the PC (not Restart! it has different behavior).

After that turn on your PC and the sound should work back again. If it wouldn't be automatically installed after logging to desktop, install sound driver manually.


yes the installation for Ubuntu 13.04 is also simple but wubi doesn't support in windows 7 so try installating it from a dvd/ usb drive .
1. unistall the previous ubuntu by deleting the partition u have made for ubuntu
2. next insert any windows 7 bootable dvd and go to command prompt and type these commands there:
  bootrec.exe /fixmbr
3. next install the new ubuntu 13.04

if u found this answer helpful mark my answer as appropriate one


How to edit together split-screen videos?

You can do this with the composite transition in kdenlive

sudo apt-get install kdenlive

Watch this video tutorial to find out how and, as a bonus, how to do a green screen effect.


How to bypass sudo password for everything inside a script?

This was answered in the comments, but I'll copy it here for visibility
Run the script with sudo.  So simple, can't believe I overlooked it.


Nginx 403 Forbidden error on a simple conf file

Since I moved ahead and reinstalled the ubuntu on the droplet, this problem is no longer bothering me. So, pls consider this closed.

But for anybody who visits this thread again, I would like to add that I tried changing permissions (i.e. gave execution permissions) etc on all the paths, which is told in the different (first 10) results which google throws at you.

Sorry that I can't be more specific, since some days have passed in between. But I would repeat again that I did all the permissions changes as was expected of me on different folders/paths in the way of index.html files etc.


Auto-enter master password in KeePassX on launch

bash script on startup:

#!/bin/bash
xdotool type yourpassword
xdotool key Return


Ubuntu 20.10 How to use iris driver with intel Iris Xe graphics

To anyone who run's into this topic, for me, the solution was to go for option 1 - the drivers maintenend by oibaf - and my problem (joining screens with my ASUS VivoBook, running Ubuntu 20.10) was solved.
Roger


im trying to install Ubuntu onto a new hard drive on a 3 year old samsung i3 laptop.

if you cant repair the problem with usb or dvd, try a minimal disk(less than 100MB if I'm correct). write it on a cd and install all packages(such as ubuntu-desktop) by apt-get install .... however this way you should have a high speed Internet access on you desired laptop.


What is the /media/myname/SSH2013-09-16 directory for?

Solved It!  Although my cd drive was empty, /dev/sr0 was still mounted to that location.  By going to the file manager and clicking the eject button, it unmounted it.  It seems to me like an Ubuntu bug since there was nothing in my cd tray (and there hasn't been for two days now).  Using the "mount" (as root without arguments) command was helpful to me since it listed all the current mounts.


If I create a partition, will it delete all of my files?

You can create NEW partition on unallocated space. So first of all, you must resize your partition you have on that disc (to a smaller one) .

Then you will have unallocated space, where you can safely create NEW partition for your linux.

You can use gparted in linux, or some windows alternative (partition magic for example).


What does "{} \;" mean in the find command?

If you run find with exec, {} expands to the filename of each file or directory found with find (so that ls in your example gets every found filename as an argument - note that it calls ls or whatever other command you specify once for each file found).

Semicolon ; ends the command executed by exec. It needs to be escaped with \ so that the shell you run find inside does not treat it as its own special character, but rather passes it to find.

See this article for some more details.

Also, find provides some optimization with exec cmd {} + - when run like that, find appends found files to the end of the command rather than invoking it once per file (so that the command is run only once, if possible).

The difference in behavior (if not in efficiency) is easily noticeable if run with ls, e.g.

find ~ -iname '*.jpg' -exec ls {} \;
# vs
find ~ -iname '*.jpg' -exec ls {} +

Assuming you have some jpg files (with short enough paths), the result is one line per file in first case and standard ls behavior of displaying files in columns for the latter.


hope this will help you
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/Driver/bcm43xx/


Error with installing the latest AMD graphics driver in 14.04

I had the same problem, I fixed it this way:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Find this line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

Change it to:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="quiet splash nomodeset"

Save your file and run this:

sudo update-grub

Restart your computer:

sudo reboot


Want to install Ubuntu without any change of my hardisk

This is assuming that you already have Windows installed on your machine, and you want to install Ubuntu alongside it, without changing any thing on your hard disk.

The best way to install Ubuntu without making any changes to your hard disk is using Wubi.

What is it?

Wubi is a utility that comes in the Ubuntu ISO that you downloaded. It helps install Ubuntu on Windows.

What does it do?

Wubi will install Ubuntu on your Windows machine as if Ubuntu were just a normal program. It will not delete anything nor will it change anything in your hard disk; it will only take up some space just like any other program. You'll actually find it in your Add/Remove Programs (or Programs and Features). So, if after you install Ubuntu using Wubi, you want to remove it, just go to Add/Remove Programs and remove it.

How to install Ubuntu using Wubi

Wubi is already included in the ISO file that you downloaded from Ubuntu.com. All you have to do is mount the ISO (or insert the CD, or insert the USB) in Windows. You'll get the autoplay box that asks you to "Run Wubi Installer". If the autoplay box does not appear, simply double click the CD icon in your My Computer. If it still doesn't do anything, double click on "wubi.exe" inside the CD/USB. Continue with the installation. I would advice installing Ubuntu on some other partition (like D or E) other than the C partition. Once done, restart your computer, and you'll be presented with an option to go into Windows or Ubuntu. Screenshots can be found here, as mentioned by brim4brim.


How Do I Install Canon MF8000C Printer in Ubuntu 15.10?

There is a bug in the latest kernels ( https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-lts-utopic/+bug/1507863) that prevents Canon printers from working over a LAN. The symptoms are just what you describe. Try rolling back to an older kernel.


Which repository are free software on 12.04

Main provides free software (as in freedom) that is supported by Canonical.

Universe provides free software (as in freedom) that is supported by the community.

Restricted provides non-free software that is supported by Canonical. (This consists mostly of proprietary drivers for officially supported devices.)

Multiverse provides non-free software that is supported by the community.

The Partner repository, practically speaking, provides non-free software. The Extras repository provides some free software but mostly provides non-free software.

Many repositories provide both binaries and source code. These are enabled separately in your APT configuration, however. Both binaries and source code from Main are free (as in freedom), for example.

There are no repositories in Ubuntu that are actually called Source code or Independent. Perhaps some other OS has repositories called that. Or perhaps those terms appear in descriptions somewhere for some of Ubuntu's repositories.

See Repositories/Ubuntu for more information.


Is the Intel 7260 (rev c3) and Linux 4.6 kernel incompatible? No wifi!

This is a condensation of a lengthy chat that solved the issue.

First, there was a partially installed but not configured package on your system. We remedied this with:

sudo dpkg --configure -a

Once it ran correctly, the mis-configured package shim-signed was able to complete.

Second, You attmpted to install intel-microcode from 'Additional Drivers' but the process failed and was interrupted. Accordingly, after we verified that you indeed have Intel i7 processors, did:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall intel-microcode

After a reboot, we verified that the microcode was properly loaded.

In your pastes, there was evidence that the Broadcom driver bcmwl-kernel-source may have been incorrectly installed. We verified that it was not installed and therefore not conflicting.

Following these remedies, your wireless works!

We did notice, however, in your dmesg that the driver looks for the -17 firmware and doesn't find it, then looks for -16, finds and loads it. You might get an improvement in performance by installing the -17 firmware file. From the terminal:

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.160_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux*.deb

Reboot.


Does the remove --purge command completely removes the installed package?

From the apt man page:

Removing a package removes all packaged data, but leaves usually small (modified) user configuration files behind, in case the remove was an accident. Just issuing an installation request for the accidentally removed package will restore its function as before in that case. On the other hand you can get rid of these leftovers by calling purge even on already removed packages. Note that this does not affect any data or configuration stored in your home directory.

So to answer your question, yes.


can I remove PPA without affecting software?

Yes. You can remove the PPA after you are done installing.

However, you will no longer receive updates to software.

PPAs are "software repositories". You get software from them. The software doesn't need it.

Think of your program as a bottle of milk. The PPA is the store. When you buy the milk, the milk (nor you) no longer needs the store. You can (if you want) never go to that store again. However, if the store recalls the milk, you can go back and get new milk.


VS Code causes 17.10, 18.04 randomly and completely freeze

So it turns out that this isn't specific to Ubuntu, but I'll post this here anyways for future reference.

Apparently, even though I'm ignoring certain files using the files.exclude setting (notably the ./node_modules directory), VS Code still watches those files for changes.

To solve that, simply copy the list from files.exclude to files.watcherExclude. This will prevent VS Code from searching the many thousands of files that are in node_modules or other similar directories. That way, it will leave some RAM for Chrome to gobble up.


apt upgrade command option not explained in man or --help

From apt-get manpage.

  -u, --show-upgraded

  Show upgraded packages; print out a list of all packages that are to
  be upgraded. Configuration Item: APT::Get::Show-Upgraded.

The command is used to check package to be updated— without actually installing them, the full command would be.

apt-get -u upgrade --assume-no

However, nowadays it is equivalent to.

apt list --upgradeable

or

apt list -u


How do I get rid of Windows during Wubi migration?

The problem is that your Wubi install is on your Windows partition. So, you can't format it and then migrate the Ubuntu install that was sitting on it before you formatted.

For most people, Wubi is a safe and easy way to try out Ubuntu and then a migration to a dual boot is the next step. For the rare cases such as your own, you can actually copy the virtual disks Wubi uses to an external drive, and then repartition your internal drive and migrate to it using the --root-disk= option. See HOWTO: migrate wubi install to partition for more info.

But basically your steps are as follows (assume /dev/sdb1 is the external drive partition):

From Windows copy your \ubuntu\disks directory to the external drive (as well as any other data you care about)
Boot an Ubuntu CD/USB that is the same architecture as your Wubi install (i.e. 32-bit or 64-bit)
Re-format your internal drive creating an ext4 partition for Ubuntu and a swap partition (I'll assume /dev/sda1 and /dev/sda2
Mount the external partition sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt
Migrate:
sudo bash wubi-move-2.1.sh --root-disk=/mnt/ubuntu/disks/root.disk /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2

There's a newer version of the script (available here) that can migrate to separate /boot, /usr and /home partitions, but the 2.1 version can only migrate to a single root partition.

Another way to do this:

Since the Wubi migration script can also migrate a normal Ubuntu install, it's possible to migrate your Wubi install to an external drive. Then prepare the internal drive and migrate Ubuntu back to it. This means you don't need the live CD and also has the benefit that you can confirm the migrated install is fully functional before removing the source.


Ring switcher is not automatically selecting the windows on key release

I guess I just figured it out!

Both Ring and Shift Switcher, in Ubuntu, use Super+Tab by default instead of Alt+Tab so they don't conflict with Untity's Switcher. So far, so good...

The problem is... Super alone is used in Unity to show the Launcher! So when you Super+Tab, then release Tab (or let both pressed for a while), Super will trigger the launcher and "steal" the focus away from the ring/shift switcher, so they won't detect they key release and thus not will not select the current window.

And there are 2 solutions to solve the conflict. You either:

Disable Unity's Key to show the Launcher, or remap it away from Super

or

Set Shift (or Ring) Switcher to use a different combination other than Super+Tab, something that does not use Super.
An obvious combo would be Alt+Tab itself, provided you also disable all Key to start the switcher... key bindings in Unity's Switcher settings. Or, as a "sweet revenge", map them to use Super instead of Alt :P

Personally I prefer the latter, since tapping Super to open the dash is very useful, and there is no other dead key so easily available for that.

I can provide some screenshots to help if anyone finds this useful.


Could running dpkg --configure -a cause packages to need an update?

My /etc/apt/sources.list was updated for 18.04. I had a backup of the file, so I was able to copy that over and resolve the issue.
If I didn't have a backup I would have had to replace all occurrences of bionic with xenial.


How to correctly enable/test VA-API on Intel Sandy Bridge?

libva-intel-vaapi-driver  vainfo

Then run vainfo to check if you see the entry points for some profiles:

[...]
vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints
    VAProfileMPEG2Simple            : VAEntrypointVLD
    [...]

For all GStreamer-based video players, this package should be sufficient: gstreamer0.10-vaapi . If I'm correct most standard video players like Totem are GStreamer based.

VLC is a different story, but it's being built with the --enable-libva build flag in Ubuntu (as shown by the apt-get source vlc). This means it should just work by enabling it in the configuration:

Or, manually, on the command line:

vlc --ffmpeg-hw -v
[...]
libva: VA-API version 0.32.0
[0x7feeecc02a28] avcodec decoder: Using VA API version 0.32 for hardware decoding.


Slave nics in a bond are getting an IP from DHCP, despite netplan config?

In this line of output:

inet 10.1.100.38/16 brd 10.1.255.255 scope global noprefixroute eno1

Notably, the dynamic flag is NOT set.  So whatever is configuring this address on your system, it is neither NetworkManager nor networkd (the two netplan backends), since both of those network configurators will correctly set the dynamic flag.

So something else, outside of netplan, appears to be running on your system and configuring addresses on your interfaces.  You would have to locally investigate what, since it's not a component of the default Ubuntu install.


Determine APs wireless regulatory domain

does anyone know how to query the AP (a linksys WRT610N) to ask what regulatory domain it is set to?

The short answer is: You can't query the AP for their regulatory domain.

  An excerpt from /var/log/dmesg from my last boot follows, after changing /etc/default/crda as recommended in comments below: If I am reading this correctly, the regulatory domain is initialized to world, and then using the information in /etc/default/crda, the regulatory domain is updated to become US.

That's how it's supposed to work:

  Upon the initialization of the wireless core (cfg80211) a world regulatory domain (highly restrictive) will be set as the central regulatory domain. If CRDA is present the latest dynamic world regulatory domain is queried from CRDA; if it is not then a statically defined list is used.

I wouldn't worry about it, if your 802.11 device is working as it should and there isn't other problems, you can ignore it.


OpenSSH on Ubuntu 16.04 shows ECDSA keys in an unusual format

You can use ssh -o FingerprintHash=md5 user@host to use old-school MD5 hashes, or store this in your ~/.ssh/config:

FingerprintHash md5

You server is probably using old openssh version which does not support new sha256 hashses.


Ubuntu is slow on netbook, running on flash drive. Will this persist on a full install?

It's not a high-end computer, so it will not act like one. Video production is not in your future, at least not on this little guy. But reading from an internal hard drive will be faster than reading from a USB 2.0 flash drive. Anyone who's every seen Ubuntu running off a Live USB or CD while preparing to install has seen the difference between that that the speed after installing and rebooting to the hard drive.

My daughter runs 13.04 on an old Acer Aspire One netbook with an Atom and 1 GB, and it runs well enough. She uses LibreOffice, MuseScore, Firefox, Skye, and the like just fine. If you need more snap than you get with Ubuntu, you could try Lubuntu. It's much better on light-weight hardware.


Fan stuck at 257 RPM Thinkpad Yoga S1 and Ubuntu 16.04

This issue was solved with update 1.20 of BIOS. Apparently it was a known issue (raised on Lenovo forum) that could occur with some combination of settings, etc.


how to run an --up script using network-manager-openvpn?

Add your script to /etc/network/if-up.d/ directory.

All the scripts in this directory will run when a connection or vpn connection starts (up|vpn-up).

As noted here network-manager-openvpn does not provide such functionality, you otherwise have to use openvpn directly.

Because this directory load scripts on connection and vpn connection, your script may require additional checks.

Take a look at the file /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/01ifupdown. You can see the which directories are used when connection changes.

I use the /etc/network/if-post-down.d/ directory with a script to disconnect in the event my vpn connection fails.

Hope this helps, cheers.


According to the developer's comment on the GitHub issues page for Aptik, installing the aptik-gtk package will help resolve the issue.


How do I create a udev rule for my logitech webcam

Jan Claesys idea is likely more practical, but...

SYSFS syntax is deprecated or going to be deprecated. You should use ATTRS. The rule should look like:

SUBSYSTEM=="video4linux", BUS=="usb", ATTRS{vendor}=="0x046d", ATTRS{device}=="0x0807", NAME="video5"

Note the 0x to denote a hexadecimal value.

I can't test the rule on my end, but I expect it to work.


I deleted my Home content, how to restore?

Here your problem command number 8:

rm ~/ .config/vlc.old

What did you do here?

When a space exists between a path the command consider it another option, what i mean in the aboce command you ask system to delete all files under your home ~/ and delete the folder .config/vlc.old.

The correct command have to be like that:

 rm ~/.config/vlc.old

For that it's better always to use quotes ' ' within path such as

 rm '~/.config/vlc.old'

Now how to solve it?

If you need the data was in your home then you should have some data recovery. Take a look on my answer :https://askubuntu.com/a/638497/150504

If you don't need that files and you just want your "well known" user directories like the desktop folder and the music folder, you can restore by loggin out and then login again. If this doesn't work then do this:

gedit ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs

Add those lines then save and logout then login:

XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Desktop"
XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$HOME/Downloads"
XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/Templates"
XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR="$HOME/Public"
XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="$HOME/Documents"
XDG_MUSIC_DIR="$HOME/Music"
XDG_PICTURES_DIR="$HOME/Pictures"
XDG_VIDEOS_DIR="$HOME/Videos"


Samba server can only be accessed locally using smbclient?

This seems to be a problem with interface binding. By removing those lines, the server worked with smbclient.