How do I get an M-Audio KeyStudio 25 to work?

You can usually check compatibility with devices on the alsa-project's main site:

http://alsa-project.org/

I couldn't find the keystudio on there. If this keyboard does not work then you could use the MIDI out port (it seems it has one) with a compatible MIDI out->USB device (The M-Audio Uno is one supported device, ~20 dollars).

Of course, with any sort of audio product on unsupported Operating Systems the best course of action is to see if you can test it out beforehand to make sure it does indeed work or not.

You can see what's plugged in your USB devices by issuing the command "lsusb" in a terminal. If the keystudio (or something similar) is listed then you may have a pretty good chance of compatibility.


Problem with ubuntu 15.10 after dual boot

try this

dconf reset -f /org/compiz/

then

setsid unity

It will fix problems like no side bar etc...and only mouse clicks working


After installing Ubuntu 12.04.3, I get a message "Welcome To Grub!" but I can't type or do anything

Though I would recommend a clean install of Ubuntu along Windows (not with Wubi), I think I have found the solution to your problem.

  Hi all,
  I had the same problem as the original poster and [SOLVED] it in a very simple way. Here's my story:
  I installed Ubuntu 11.04 64-bit using Wubi in Vista and a clean ISO. I got the "Try hd(0,0): NTFS5: No wubildr" error and after a minute or so, Grub loaded and Ubuntu booted. I wanted to find a fix for the wait.

  I discovered that my first partition [ hd(0,0) ] is a small (FAT?) partition Windows uses to store it's MBR and a few other things. My second partition [ hd(0,1) ] is my C: drive where Windows lives and where Wubi put Ubuntu.
  So, the Windows Boot Loader was looking for "wubildr" on my first partition when really it was on my second partition where Wubi put it.

  To correct this, I copied wubildr to the 1st partition. I don't know how to access the 1st partition from Windows, but it can be mounted and accessed easily in a Linux command prompt.

  Note: this solution was successful with Ubuntu installations on both the 2nd and 3rd partitions.

and

  Here's how I did it (in WIndows 7 though).
  I went to control panel and searched the word "partition". A result "Create and format hard disk partition" under Administrative tools will show up.
  Click on the "Create and format hard disk partition". The disk management dialogue box will open.
  Look below.
  You will see "System Reserved", (C, (D and/or any other partition that you might have with their respective letters.
  Right click on the "System Reserved", select "Change Drive letters and paths". In the new dialogue box, click "add" and then "OK" on the new dialogue box that appears. You should receive a notification similar to the one when you plug in a pendrive.
  Now, go to the directory where you installed Ubuntu/Kubuntu, search for and copy the file wubildr and then paste it in the new partition that should have appeared in My Computer. (Do not do anything else to the new partition as it contains system files and might damage your Windows.)
  After that, open disk management again and then remove the drive letter from "System Reserved". (You will get a warning about removing the drive letter bu do it, nothing will happen - at least nothing happened on my computer).
  Then restart the computer. Ubuntu/Kubuntu should load normally without the "ntfs no wubildr" message.
  P.S do it at your own risk, I am not responsible for any damage that might occur.

From this link

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=798283&page=4&s=1a0baa2cb70576d8aa20c32f5f4b9f99


Currently it is not listed in supported devices or ports in progress.  To answer the "Is it possible" part - yes it might be possible. Read this to know how and keep a watch on the XDA forum.


USB drive mounts but user can't write to drive?

I can be that the filesystem is incorrect. I had this before. you should mount the usb including a filesystem:
mount -t vfat /dev/USB /media/usb0
or
mount -t vfat /dev/USB /media/usb0 -o uid=YOURID,gid=YOURID
when the system does not detect the filesystem it will say permission denied because it can't write to it and it just assumes that you don't have permission.


My list of available wifi connections has gone

I need to run marathon. I was not having enough idea of what I need so search took time. Tried some commands. But finally, problem is solved. I suppose, everything got better.

I used this link for network stability and then this link to get network manager indicator at System Tray. It is an applet.


After a power failure, unable to mount the drive "Get a newer version of e2fsck"

I had the same problem and it took me some time to fix it, without formatting :)

Just follow this hint:

  e2fsck: Get a newer version of e2fsck!

You need to download the latest version of e2fsck, compile it and then use this version.

Here are some steps to follow (use 1.43.1 or newer):

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs/v1.43.1/e2fsprogs-1.43.1.tar.gz
tar xzf e2fsprogs-1.43.1.tar.gz
cd e2fsprogs-1.43.1
./configure # <== if this step fail, check the config.log file, it could just be that you are missing the "libc6-dev" package on your system
make
cd e2fsck/
./e2fsck

Voila!


Install hexdump in an Ubuntu Docker image

hexdump utility is part of bsdmainutils package.

Alternatively, you could use xxd from the xxd package


The most common thing I run into with cron not running something is that without a MAILTO set, if the command produces output cron will immediately stop it.  Or possibly it tries to write to stdout and encounters a SIGPIPE.  Not sure the exact mechanism.

Add MAILTO=<your email address> and give that a try.  Alternatively, write both stdout and stderr out to a log file by appending >>/var/log/backup 2>&1 to the cron line you already have.


Normalize all audio files before copying to an iPod

You can use inotify which is a folder monitoring software: it launch a command when a file is created .
Here, it will  launch mp3gain . To set up  :

Install

sudo apt-get install inotify-tools  incron mp3gain

edit incron.allow

sudo gedit /etc/incron.allow
then add your username , save , you may
reboot  (not sure but ...)

Choose or create a folder where sound files  will be copied and then normalized
(Here I create a new folder "normalize" in my home dir. but you may  use existing folder be on your usb device,
something like  /media/ipod/music)

    mkdir ~/normalize

Run incrontab -e   and  copy  this line in the editor (replace 2 "username" with your login ) :
/home/username/normalize IN_CREATE /home/username/normalize.bash $@/$#
Save and close editor .
This  set the monitored folder  and  the command executed when a file is created in (command is normalize.bash ).

(If you have problem with default editor , you can change it to pico (gedit don't work for me)  : Run this before incrontab -e  :
export EDITOR=pico
)

Create a new file normalize.bash containing this :

#!/bin/bash
PATH1=/home/username/normalize
echo "***********************************************************"  >> ~/normalize.log
 date >> ~/normalize.log
#get extension to exit on TMP files
filename=$(basename "$1")
extension="${filename##*.}"
if [[ "$extension" = "TMP" ]]
 then
echo TMP exit>> ~/normalize.log
 exit
 fi
# do normalize
/usr/bin/mp3gain -c -r "$1"   >> ~/normalize.log
#END

In second line change PATH1 to the previously created/existing folder.
Save as normalize.bash in your home.

Now, when a file is created in the folder "normalize", mp3gain will run
(actions are logged in normalized.log file in home dir)


i changed the windows C partition type to Linux swap by mistake

(Edit : same processes can be done through command line in recovery mode from ubuntu while booting through grub. But these would be probably temporary so repeat after logging in.)
I'm not sure if this should work never had such issue. Safest would be to re-install Ubuntu. And in case you have some files on it (which you might not I think as you just installed), you may temporarily copy those through your Windows.
Still, if it is worth the risk:
Change swap
(Edit : boot to CLI in recovery mode and run swapon to see current swap location say /dev/sdaxx. Next run swapoff /dev/sdaxx, rm /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume and resume booting. Next follow the following steps in normal )
Boot through a live usb and mount your installed Ubuntu partition, I'd refer it as $IUP. In its root, find /proc/swaps and /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume. For the time being, just comment or delete everything in them. More specifically, just have to remove a line containing the name of your Windows partition; somewhat like this:
/dev/sda2                               partition       2097148 0       -1

You may change it to some other partition or a swap file, but I'd suggest to do it later. (Running swapoff /dev/sda2 does the same but in normal boot.)

The swap partition isn't mounted like the other partitions. It is usually enabled automatically during bootup if listed in the /etc/fstab file or you can use swapon.
Source: src

For added safety, you may want to edit /etc/default/grub in your $IUP :

Look for the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="resume=UUID=41e86209-3802-424b-9a9d-d7683142dab7", change it to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" and save the file.
Go through the rest process of updating (removing resume statement in /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume and all) as you may see in Change swap link above and how to do it through live usb in here

Also in /etc/fstab of the $IUP, remove the line containing the word swap in it. See here

Once again, I'm not sure this will totally work out. Still, when you boot in ubuntu, turn swapoff before anything, update-grub and update-initramfs -u and all process of removing swapping as in Change swap link. I've tried my best to be as safest as possible, if you face problems (sorry in that case), please comment.


COLUMNS is a shell variable, not an environment variable. Therefore, you will not find it when you use env. If you are not sure what the differences between a shell variable and an environment variable are, take a look at Environment variable vs Shell variable, what's the difference?.

According to https://askubuntu.com/a/275972/15003, you can find COLUMNS if you run

( set -o posix; set ) | grep COLUMNS

which, on my machine, gives

COLUMNS=206


Problem installing ubuntu 15.10 alongside windows 8.1 on HP 15-ab035AX

I have an HP 14-b033 and am currently using openSUSE.

I understand the situation you have.

Here is what I did with mine:

USB boot from a flash drive did not work well for me so I tried a different approach. I used the dd approach to transfer my openSUSE iso file to a DVD.

When I reboot, I use F9 as soon as the boot screen starts to select the CD drive with the iso file on it.

I then went through the installation process to install the system to a 20GB partition that had been created earlier for my linux system.

Now if I want to boot win 8.1 I just don't enter the F9 and it boots to 8.1.

If I try to select the 8.1 file from the F9 then I have to select the OS boot at the top of the list.

Where is GRUB?

Broken and can't make it work.

At least I have linux on my HP and windows for tax programs.


Bash script to verify if a process is running is not working

You asked pgrep to exactly (-x) search for a process called fail2ban
but the output of systemctl status shows it is called
/usr/bin/python3 instead.

To check whether a systemd unit is running use

systemctl is-active --quiet fail2ban

That is:

if systemctl is-active --quiet fail2ban; then
    echo "running"
else
    echo "not running"
fi


You need an iso file with a current version of Ubuntu. And you need a tool to install Ubuntu into a USB pendrive or DVD disk. You need internet access for that unless you have them already or can borrow from a friend or colleague.

But after that you can do the installation locally without any connection to the internet.

After the installation there might be problems because the built-in linux drivers do not work with some piece of hardware, for example graphics chip or wifi chip, or as you ask in a comment, you may want a language, that is not bundled with the iso file. If this happens, you need an internet connection to get the relevant software.

A new language can be installed like this in Ubuntu 18.04.x LTS:

Click on the icon at right top corner of the screen
Next, click on the symbol with tools
Next, if necessary click on < icon in the left top corner of the window until you come to the basic Settings window
Next, Select 'Region & Language' and I think you can navigate to select your language.


Is it a good idea to install all things in winetricks?

For the winetricks which provide Windows libraries there is no reason not to, this will indeed make a lot of programs easier to run. But some of the other tricks are instead used to say install MS Office or another specific task, so unless you are installing Office they are useless. The other thing is the winetricks also often use DLLs which are not open source, which takes away from the point of wine as an open source compatibility layer. This is why they do not come as part of wine.


Ubuntu 13.04 Online Accounts Settings not opening

I was also getting this and followed a thread of bugs until I got to this one:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/empathy/+bug/1177285

Which actually shows that a fix has been committed, but it is in the 'proposed' repositories.

go to 'software and updates';
on the 'Updates' tab check the Pre-release repository option (raring-proposed for me);
open your favourite package manager, I did it with synaptic;
reload/refresh your package info;
search for 'empathy'
-> there should now be a 3.6.4-0ubuntu4.1 package available (to trump my previous 3.6.4-0ubuntu4)
install it!

I then also disabled the pre-released updated as I didn't want to upgrade other programs to the versions in there.

kill the running empathy (via system monitor)
start up empathy again.

I think I also restarted gnome-shell (alt+f2, r [enter]) somewhere in there but I'm not sure that's necessary.

Hope that works for you.


how to install wine 4.6 on Ubuntu 19.04?

Wine 4 is available in official repository of Disco Dingo. Just do:

sudo apt install wine


How can I move a window from an invisible viewport to the current one, without switching viewports

List windows, choose one to move to the current workspace

When the script below is called, it will list all windows on all workspaces. Pick one and press OK to move the window to the current workspace and raise it. By default, it moves the window to position 100 (x), 100 (y)

The script is relatively simple as a result of the use of both wmctrl and xdotool. While wmctrl is used to list all windows, xdotool simply moves them to a predefined position on the current workspace "without asking questions" on the window's size (unlike wmctrl) and relative positions of both workspaces to each other.
A more precise positioning of the window, according to the position on its original workspace, would very well be possible, but would also multiply the needed code (like e.g. here). I assume in most situations, this will do.

An example:

I am on workspace 8, while I have a gedit window on workspace 1. Calling the script lists the windows:

picking the gedit window will move it to the current workspace:

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import socket
import time

def get(command):
    return subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c", command]).decode("utf-8")

def check_window(w_id):
    w_type = get("xprop -id "+w_id)
    if " _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NORMAL" in w_type:
        return True
    else:
        return False

# split wmctrl output by machine name
wlist = [l.split(socket.gethostname()) for l in get("wmctrl -l").splitlines()]
# extract window -id from first section
wlist = [[wlist[i][0].split()[0], wlist[i][-1].strip()] for i, l in enumerate(wlist)]
# filter only "real, normal" windows
wlist = [w for w in wlist if check_window(w[0]) == True]
# create columns for zenity list
cols = (" ").join(['"'+w[1]+'" '+'"'+w[0]+'"' for w in wlist])
# calculate height and width for the zenity window, according to window names and list length
h = str(140+(len(wlist)*23))
w = str((max([len(w[-1]) for w in wlist])*8))
# define the zenity window
cmd = "zenity --list --hide-column=2 --print-column=2 "+\
      "--title='Window list' --column='Current windowlist' "+\
      "--column='wid' --height="+h+" --width="+w+" "+cols

try:
    # call the window
    w_id = get(cmd).split("|")[-1].strip()
    # move the selected window to the current workspace
    subprocess.Popen(["xdotool", "windowmove", "--sync", w_id, "100", "100"])
    # raise it (the command below alone should do the job, but sometimes fails
    # on firefox windows without first moving the window).
    subprocess.Popen(["wmctrl", "-iR", w_id])
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
    pass

How to use

The script needs both wmctrl and xdotool

sudo apt-get install wmctrl xdotool

copy the script into an empty file, svae it as move_windows.py
Test-run it by the command:

python3 /path/to/move_windows.py

a window should appear, listing currently opened windows:

pick one to see if it is moved to the current workspace and raised correctly.
If all works fine, ad it to a shortcut key: choose: System Settings > "Keyboard" > "Shortcuts" > "Custom Shortcuts". Click the "+" and add the command:

python3 /path/to/move_windows.py

Note

The size of the zenity window, listing current windows, is set automatically. The script looks for the longest window name and the number of rows (windows) and sets the size accordingly.

EDIT

As requested in a comment, below a version in which the zenity list- window includes more information: de current workspace of the targeted window(s) and the application it belongs to.

As mentioned above, the information on the relative/absolute workspace positions leads to a more "substantial" amount of code, but luckily I could use this earlier answer as a base.

How to use

The use is pretty much the same as the first version of the script (above), but the command needs to include the preferred sorting option. Run it by one of the commands:

python3 /path/to/move_windows.py -app

to sort the list by application,

python3 /path/to/move_windows.py -ws

to sort the list by workspace, and

python3 /path/to/move_windows.py -win

to sort the list by window name.

The script:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import socket
import sys

arg = sys.argv[1]
# list (column) header titles and their (data) position in the produced window data list
cols = [["Workspace", -1], ["Application name", -2] , ["Window name", -3]]
# rearrange columns, depending on the chosen option
if arg == "-app":
    cols = [cols[1], cols[2], cols[0]]
elif arg == "-ws":
    cols = [cols[0], cols[2], cols[1]]
elif arg == "-win":
    cols = [cols[2], cols[1], cols[0]]
# extract headers, list positions, to be used in the zenity list
col1 = cols[0][0]; i1 = cols[0][1]
col2 = cols[1][0]; i2 = cols[1][1]
col3 = cols[2][0]; i3 = cols[2][1]
# just a helper function
get = lambda cmd: subprocess.check_output([
    "/bin/bash", "-c", cmd
    ]).decode("utf-8")
# analyse viewport data, to be able to calculate relative/absolute position of windows
# and current viewport
def get_spandata():
    xr = get("xrandr").split(); pos = xr.index("current")
    res = [int(xr[pos+1]), int(xr[pos+3].replace(",", "") )]
    spandata = get("wmctrl -d").split()
    span = [int(n) for n in spandata[3].split("x")]
    cols = int(span[0]/res[0]); rows = int(span[1]/res[1])
    curr_vector = [int(n) for n in spandata[5].split(",")]
    curr_viewport = int((curr_vector[1]/res[1])*cols + (curr_vector[0]/res[0])+1)
    return {"resolution": res, "n_columns": cols, "vector": curr_vector, "current_viewport": curr_viewport}

posdata = get_spandata()
vector = posdata["vector"]; cols = posdata["n_columns"]
res = posdata["resolution"]; currvp = posdata["current_viewport"]
# function to distinguish "normal" windows from other types (like the desktop etc)
def check_window(w_id):
    w_type = get("xprop -id "+w_id)
    if " _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NORMAL" in w_type:
        return True
    else:
        return False
# split windowdata by machine name
mach_name = socket.gethostname()
wlist = [[l.strip() for l in w.split(mach_name)] for w in get("wmctrl -lpG").splitlines()]
# split first section of window data
for i, w in enumerate(wlist):
    wlist[i][0] = wlist[i][0].split()
# filter only "real" windows
real_wlist = [w for w in wlist if check_window(w[0][0]) == True]
# adding the viewport to the window's data
for w in real_wlist:
    w.append(get("ps -p "+w[0][2]+" -o comm=").strip())
    loc_rel = [int(n) for n in w[0][3:5]]
    loc_abs = [loc_rel[0]+vector[0], loc_rel[1]+vector[1]]
    abs_viewport = int((loc_abs[1]/res[1])*cols + (loc_abs[0]/res[0])+1)
    abs_viewport = str(abs_viewport)+"*" if abs_viewport == currvp else str(abs_viewport)
    w.append(abs_viewport)
# set sorting rules
if arg == "-app":
    real_wlist.sort(key=lambda x: x[-2])
elif arg == "-ws":
    real_wlist.sort(key=lambda x: x[-1])
elif arg == "-win":
    real_wlist.sort(key=lambda x: x[-3])
# calculate width and height of the zenity window:
# height = 140px + 23px per line
h = str(140+(len(real_wlist)*23))
# width = 250px + 8px per character (of the longest window title)
w = str(250+(max([len(w[-3]) for w in real_wlist])*8))
# define the zenity window's content
cmd = "zenity --list --hide-column=4 --print-column=4 --title='Window list' "\
      "--width="+w+" --height="+h+" --column='"+col1+"' --column='"+col2+"' --column='"+col3+\
      "' --column='w_id' "+(" ").join([(" ").join([
          '"'+w[i1]+'"','"'+w[i2]+'"','"'+w[i3]+'"','"'+w[0][0]+'"'
          ]) for w in real_wlist])
# finally, call the window list
try:
    w_id = subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c", cmd]).decode("utf-8").split("|")[0]
    subprocess.Popen(["xdotool", "windowmove", "--sync", w_id, "100", "100"])
    subprocess.Popen(["wmctrl", "-iR", w_id])
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
    pass

EDIT 2: 15.04 specific

The output of the used ps command seems to have changed for gnome-terminal in 15.04. Therefore, in 15.04, the application name of gnome-terminal was not displayed correctly in the script above. The version below derives the application name from the  WM_CLASS, as in the output of the xprop command:

The usage is exactly the same as in the (second) script above:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import socket
import sys

arg = sys.argv[1]
# list (column) header titles and their (data) position in the produced window data list
cols = [["Workspace", -1], ["Application name", -2] , ["Window name", -3]]
# rearrange columns, depending on the chosen option
if arg == "-app":
    cols = [cols[1], cols[2], cols[0]]
elif arg == "-ws":
    cols = [cols[0], cols[2], cols[1]]
elif arg == "-win":
    cols = [cols[2], cols[1], cols[0]]
# extract headers, list positions, to be used in the zenity list
col1 = cols[0][0]; i1 = cols[0][1]
col2 = cols[1][0]; i2 = cols[1][1]
col3 = cols[2][0]; i3 = cols[2][1]
# just a helper function
get = lambda cmd: subprocess.check_output([
    "/bin/bash", "-c", cmd
    ]).decode("utf-8")
# analyse viewport data, to be able to calculate relative/absolute position of windows
# and current viewport
def get_spandata():
    xr = get("xrandr").split(); pos = xr.index("current")
    res = [int(xr[pos+1]), int(xr[pos+3].replace(",", "") )]
    spandata = get("wmctrl -d").split()
    span = [int(n) for n in spandata[3].split("x")]
    cols = int(span[0]/res[0]); rows = int(span[1]/res[1])
    curr_vector = [int(n) for n in spandata[5].split(",")]
    curr_viewport = int((curr_vector[1]/res[1])*cols + (curr_vector[0]/res[0])+1)
    return {"resolution": res, "n_columns": cols, "vector": curr_vector, "current_viewport": curr_viewport}

posdata = get_spandata()
vector = posdata["vector"]; cols = posdata["n_columns"]
res = posdata["resolution"]; currvp = posdata["current_viewport"]
# function to distinguish "normal" windows from other types (like the desktop etc)
def check_window(w_id):
    w_type = get("xprop -id "+w_id)
    if " _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NORMAL" in w_type:
        cl = [l.replace('"', '').split(",")[-1].strip()\
              for l in w_type.splitlines() if "WM_CLASS(STRING)" in l][0]
        return (True, cl)
    else:
        return (False, "")
# split windowdata by machine name
mach_name = socket.gethostname()
wlist = [[l.strip() for l in w.split(mach_name)] for w in get("wmctrl -lpG").splitlines()]
# split first section of window data
for i, w in enumerate(wlist):
    wlist[i][0] = wlist[i][0].split()
# filter only "real" windows
real_wlist = [w+[check_window(w[0][0])[1]] for w in wlist if check_window(w[0][0])[0] == True]
# adding the viewport to the window's data
for w in real_wlist:
    loc_rel = [int(n) for n in w[0][3:5]]
    loc_abs = [loc_rel[0]+vector[0], loc_rel[1]+vector[1]]
    abs_viewport = int((loc_abs[1]/res[1])*cols + (loc_abs[0]/res[0])+1)
    abs_viewport = str(abs_viewport)+"*" if abs_viewport == currvp else str(abs_viewport)
    w.append(abs_viewport)
# set sorting rules
if arg == "-app":
    real_wlist.sort(key=lambda x: x[-2])
elif arg == "-ws":
    real_wlist.sort(key=lambda x: x[-1])
elif arg == "-win":
    real_wlist.sort(key=lambda x: x[-3])
# calculate width and height of the zenity window:
# height = 140px + 23px per line
h = str(140+(len(real_wlist)*23))
# width = 250px + 8px per character (of the longest window title)
w = str(250+(max([len(w[-3]) for w in real_wlist])*8))
# define the zenity window's content
cmd = "zenity --list --hide-column=4 --print-column=4 --title='Window list' "\
      "--width="+w+" --height="+h+" --column='"+col1+"' --column='"+col2+"' --column='"+col3+\
      "' --column='w_id' "+(" ").join([(" ").join([
          '"'+w[i1]+'"','"'+w[i2]+'"','"'+w[i3]+'"','"'+w[0][0]+'"'
          ]) for w in real_wlist])
# finally, call the window list
try:
    w_id = subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c", cmd]).decode("utf-8").split("|")[0]
    subprocess.Popen(["xdotool", "windowmove", "--sync", w_id, "100", "100"])
    subprocess.Popen(["wmctrl", "-iR", w_id])
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
    pass


Ubuntu 18.04 integrated graphics display glitch

have you tried Wayland?

Log-off and change the desktop to 'Ubuntu (Wayland)' or something like that.

I had a few bugs that were similar to what you are experiencing with screen tearing as well, and changing it to Wayland fixed it for me.

Maybe it was something else I changed, but after I switched to Wayland, it got fixed.

Give it a try and tell me if it works.


Let me go over the three basic troubleshooting steps that will solve most of things:

Check Power (is the modem / router turned on, is the adapter turned off (wifi), etc)
Check your connections (check cables: are they properly plugged, try re-seating, are they in the correct place, etc)
Some of us would have added after this to check on which side of the keyboard is the problem occurring  :P
Only then try to look further into configurations, software, etc.

With Networking Troubleshooting
The basic idea is

Try to ping your modem/router.

example A: ping 192.168.0.1 (whatever the IP of your gateway is)

If you succeed try to ping a known IP (example 1.1.1.1 or 8.8.8.8)

example B:  ping 1.1.1.1 (or whatever server you know is usually always up, (and replies))

If you succeed try to ping a website (google.com)

example C:  ping google.com (or whatever website you know normally is up and replies)

You are basically working your way out of the network, because if you can't even ping your gateway the problem is within your device or between.
But if you can get to outside IP's but not names, then your issue is DNS (resolving names to IP's)


Unable to partition my 1 TB hard drive in 14.04

You are trying to resize a mounted partition which is not possible. You will have to boot from an Ubuntu Live USB to resize that partition since you cant unmount it.

Follow the instructions here to make the Live USB. then boot up your laptop from this Live USB and use gparted to resize the partition.


Can I create a click package for a html5 app without ubuntu SDK

You can fit that template https://github.com/popey/ubuntu-html5-template to your project and run 'click build .' from the project's root directory. Then you should be able to install the newly created click package on your device via UT tweak tool.


Change hotkeys/shortcut keys for volume control

Go to "System Settings" then "Keyboard" and the "Shortcuts" and select "Sound and Media".
There you can change the shortcuts to whatever suits you.


Install MS Truetype Fonts system-wide for all users

Argh, by coincidence I just found the solution. There was a file called ~/.fonts.conf in my home directory that seems to come from Fontmatrix and had a list of rejected fonts, among them the ones I found missing. Simply deleting this file solved the problem. I
remember that I had played around with Fontmatrix but I'm not sure what caused it to create this file. Anyway, problem solved.


MTS Mblaze not detecting in Ubuntu 12.04LTS

connect your modem and wait for it to be detected and shown in the network connections notification panel.
connect it is using details :
phone number : #777
username : internet@internet.mtsindia.in
password : MTS
connect it. if gets connected then you're lucky otherwise restart your system keeping mblaze modem connected.
after restart, wait for mts mblaze to show up in the network connections notification panel, and connect it.
should connect successfully.


Can I install programs on a live DVD, just to test them?

Well, you CAN in fact install programs on it. It will work just like a normal system.

But this will all be true only till you reboot. Once you reboot, everything is gone, as the programs are stored in RAM.

So, again, you CAN install programs, its just that they won't remain there across reboots, unless you have set up a persistence file. Softwares like Unetbootin have a option to quickly do that.


How do I manage regular fscks for large amounts of data?

A 100TB filesystem sounds like a fairly bad idea (as you've clearly realised). I suggest dividing it into smaller filesystems if you can, for sanity. I quite like Val Henson's (now slightly dated) talk Choosing and Tuning Linux File Systems, for an overview on how to take the right paths and get the most out of filesystems.

Anyway, to actually answer your question. See the tune2fs -c and -i options. e.g.

sudo tune2fs -i 300d -c 100 /dev/bigfs


Terminal stopped working [Ubuntu 18.4LTS]

I found the answer, it was a python3.7 issue. Here's the link to where I found the fix: Change python config


Change Mouse Pointer (Size) in Ubuntu 15.04

I'm on 15.10, but at least this seems to be an approach that you have not yet tried.

  GSettings is a GLib implementation of DConf, which stores its data in a binary database.

...says @dobey in this answer

Try this:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface cursor-size 48

It should be persisted after reboot. At least it worked for me with other settings.


How can I disable these advertisements in the launcher in 14.10?

Go to System settings > Security & privacy > choose the Search Tab, uncheck "include internet results":

(Always the first thing I do after a fresh install :))


How can I change audio output to HDMI from command line?

The OP posted the solution in his question:

  While writing this I found the solution:

  This command makes it easier to see what my actual output options are:

pacmd list-cards | grep output\:

  That way of looking at the output of pacmd list-cards made me
  realize that the actual wording for my output is not
  output:hdmi-output but instead output:hdmi-stereo

  This command is what worked for me:

pactl set-card-profile 0 output:hdmi-stereo

  This is how I switched back to my laptop's internal speakers:

pactl set-card-profile 0 output:analog-stereo

  This is how I changed the volume via command line:

amixer -D pulse sset Master 50%

  This is just a smiley face:

:)


Dell Developer Edition Wifi wont connect 802.1x

For anyone messing with this problem it looks like Dell is working on it (driver issue).

Here is the thread with the temporary work around

http://en.community.dell.com/techcenter/os-applications/f/4613/t/19678137?pi22229=1


How to show command parameters in notify-osd message?

This is because the second ${param} is inside single quotes, which means it gets interpreted when the command is run by at, which did not inherit the variable, as it was not exported.

Since it is an empty string at that point, notify-send exits with an error, as a non-empty summary is required.

You can export a variable to contain the value you wish to use, and use that variable inside the single quotes, to get the value passed in. Or, as at reads from stdin, you can just dump a script directly without extraneous escaping, like so:

#!/bin/sh
at now << EOF
notify-send "${param}" "param with value"
EOF


Change "get help" and "translate this app" quickly

This feature actually attempts to determine the Ubuntu package for the application, and then look that up on Launchpad. Because your application is not packaged, the Launchpad integration feature is not able to determine the binary and source package from which it came, and will thus fail to take the user to Launchpad for the online help and translate menu items.

It is perhaps worth reporting a bug against the launchpad-integration package, about the feature failing to work with applications which are not packaged in Ubuntu; if one is not already opened.


It does not use any filesystem.  Also you might want to look at using bcache instead, since it is now part of the upstream kernel rather than a third party module.


How to pair external bluetooth keyboard to ubuntu touch BQ phone

This issue has been resolved in OTA 9. Bluetooth pairing now works perfectly as per screenshot:

Thank you Ubuntu Touch development team for their great work !


Is there any way to take my old internet connections with me when doing a new install?

I believe you can save the contents of /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections and then put them back into place after your install.  You should have one file per connection and it will have your password in plaintext, so be careful with what you do with the files.

I have /home on a separate partition too, but I always back-up /etc too as there are things in there I don't want to redo, like my autofs setup.


How do I re-install 11.10 and wipe out 12.04?

Here's the 11.10 i386 ISO you need for your Mini:

http://releases.ubuntu.com/oneiric/ubuntu-11.10-desktop-i386.iso

Use Unetbootin to "burn" the ISO to a USB.

UNetbootin looks like the above screenshot BUT you select the DiskImage option at the bottom and use the ... button on the right to select the ISO you downloaded in Step 1.

Boot from the USB, and select the "use entire disk" option in the Ubuntu Installer to wipe out 12.04 and install 11.10 over it -- that shouldn't give you any problems since 12.04 will be completely erased.


(Ubuntu 17.10) Disable touchpad bottom-right corner right-click

In wayland (default Ubuntu session, not the Ubuntu-XORG), change a gnome setting click-method from 'default' to 'fingers', then the entire trackpad will become a giant touchpad without any software buttons.

Single finger click = left click,
Two finger click = right click,
Three finger click = middle click

ubuntu terminal showing the commands


How to format a partition with hfs+journalized filesystem?

You need to use the -J flag:

mkfs.hfsplus -J [journal size] [other options]


So, what is the advantage of using the terminal?

The terminal in Unix is a wonderful, powerful tool. When transitioning from the world of Windows it is hard to appreciate this because the Windows (cmd.exe) shell is rather, how do I nicely say, lacking. Most *nix default shells (bash, zsh, etc) have several advantages:

It is standardized through POSIX and the Single Unix Specification, so a script you write for one computer will likely work on all POSIX compliant machines (assuming you restrict yourself to standard commands, of which there are lots). Microsoft has a habit of including tools in some versions and not in others, making batch programming very hit or miss
Because Unix was built from the terminal up, most everything is configurable from the command line. Windows was like this up to a point, but they opted to drop the 16-bit subsystem and DOS with it. Now the GUI is the only way to change some things in Windows.
Because it is so flexible. Commands can be piped together (ls | grep filename), they can be captured (gcc program.c > ./standard_out 2> ./standard_error), and can be substituted (ls /home/`whoami` or ls /home/$(whoami))
Because UNIX utilities are designed to do one thing, and do it well. Just look into awk,grep,sed, wget or a host of others. By themselves they achieve a single task, but given #3 and #2 they can be built into powerful expressions.
Because of the ability to automate tasks. cron and bash scripts allow long, complicated, and/or repetitive tasks to either be simplified or automated completely.
Because humans are prone to error. Relatively short shell scripts can be used to change settings in a consistent manner. Safety checks can be built into the scripts, rather than relying on users to know which commands are safe to run in different circumstances.


Samsung Galaxy Buds+ Bluetooth Headset works on Pipewire?

With the announcement of Ubuntu 21.04 I was happy to know that Wayland and Pipewire would be the default, but then I knew that they would not support Nvidea graphics cards, so I would continue on Xorg. Nvidea Wayland support just only on driver version 480 with Ubuntu 21.10!
After installing version 21.04 I noticed the presence of Pipewire version 0.3.24, but the audio server that came with Xorg was still PulseAudio and the old BlueZ.
Following the procedures below I replaced the ALSA, PulseAudio, Jack and BlueZ set by Pipewire:
https://wiki.debian.org/PipeWire
The audio worked perfectly using a wired headphone connected via the P2 plug to the computer. However, I couldn't even activate Bluetooth (libspa-0.2-bluetooth) in the Gnome Settings.
So I updated Pipewire from the Ubuntu repository from version 0.3.24 to the latest version 0.3.27 of the PPA below:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:pipewire-debian/pipewire-upstream
sudo apt update

In the Gnome Settings I do the following steps:

In the Bluetooth tab, I activated Bluetooth (libspa-0.2-bluetooth), paired and connected the device Galaxy Buds+ (380F);
In the Sound tab, I defined the Headset - Galaxy Buds+ (380F) output device with the High Fidelity Playback (A2DP Sink, AAC codec) setting and I defined the Headset - Galaxy Buds+ (380F) input device with the Headset Head Unit (HSP/HFP, CVSD codec) setting.

The Samsung Galaxy Buds+ audio worked bi-directionally with high quality stereo sound on the headphone and mono sound returning from the microphone!
Enjoy!


I can't set permissions on my external storage drives to make them read/write

Did you install the OS with them connected? I haven't had to add anything to the fstab in a long time concerning the USB External Drives that are NTFS. You could try throwing a # in front of each line. Disconnect the drives. Then reboot. Once the system is back up try plugging them back in. See if that makes a difference. Make sure you have ntfs-3g installed too.

I always disconnect my ext. hard drives when doing a fresh install and then reconnect them after I boot the system up for the first time. Ubuntu should automatically recognize them and set it up for you. It sets all mine up for read, write, and execute permissions for my user. Unless there is a specific reason why you want them listed in the fstab, it is not necessary.


How to search for strings inside files in a folder?

I assume that your first question is about a GUI alternative to the grep command. I can't help you with that, I always find the command line very effective.

As for the command line, try

grep "test" /var/x/*

If you want to search recursively (i.e. not only in /var/x/, but also in subdirectories thereof), do

grep -R "test" /var/x/

To avoid grepping the files which grep thinks to be binary, use the -I option:

grep -I "test" /var/x/

If grep thinks a file is binary (based on first few bytes of the file), it will assume it does not match instead of going through the whole file.


12.10 with GeForce GT630 can not have driver installed

It seems someone discussed this issue (and other NVIDIA GeForce GT630 issues) back in september:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2055636  ?

Besides I have in my own search for Ubuntu-supported graphics cards found these interesting pages at nvidia corp.:

ftp://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86/310.19/README/index.html

Describes how to install nvidia-drivers in a Linux system (hope it will work in ubuntu 12.04 or 12.10 too!). Here

ftp://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86/310.19/README/supportedchips.html

is a list (exhausting and up-to-date?) of supported NVIDIA GPU Products for a Linuxx86 system from the same nvidia ftp site. GeForce GT 630 is listed there, so it seems there is some light at the end of the tunnel.

And last - but not least! -, I believe this section at ubuntu.com on nvidia, will be very helpful to all nvidia card problems:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/Nvidia

PS. I got all this info from another AskUbuntu discussion (on another nvidia graphic card), except my last link. Lesson learned: It pays to do a more thorough research on the problems. But I would agree, that its difficult for the newcomer to get fast results from the ubuntu-forums. Hope it will all improve with time, I am sure it will :-)


How do I get sound to play through USB headphones?

That's kind of embarrassing.  Everything is working just fine now after an update and a reboot.  I apologize for wasting your time.


You can get plenty of info running Rhythmbox from the command line with the -d flag. This will generate a load of messages that you better log into some text file. Like:

rhythmbox -d > /tmp/rb_debug.log 2>&1

Then reproduce the error and exit Rhythmbox. You should then post that file (rb_debug.log) to the  rhythmbox bug-site explaining what is going wrong.


What packages are installed by default on Ubuntu Cloud Image?

The manifest file for the cloud image contains a list of all the packages installed on the cloud image:

accountsservice 0.6.35-0ubuntu7.3
acpid 1:2.0.21-1ubuntu2
adduser 3.113+nmu3ubuntu3
apparmor 2.8.95~2430-0ubuntu5.3
apport 2.14.1-0ubuntu3.21
apport-symptoms 0.20
apt 1.0.1ubuntu2.15
apt-transport-https 1.0.1ubuntu2.15
apt-utils 1.0.1ubuntu2.15
apt-xapian-index 0.45ubuntu4
aptitude 0.6.8.2-1ubuntu4
aptitude-common 0.6.8.2-1ubuntu4
at 3.1.14-1ubuntu1
base-files 7.2ubuntu5.5
base-passwd 3.5.33
bash 4.3-7ubuntu1.5
bash-completion 1:2.1-4ubuntu0.2
bc 1.06.95-8ubuntu1
bind9-host 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
bsdmainutils 9.0.5ubuntu1
bsdutils 1:2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
busybox-initramfs 1:1.21.0-1ubuntu1
busybox-static 1:1.21.0-1ubuntu1
byobu 5.77-0ubuntu1.2
bzip2 1.0.6-5
ca-certificates 20160104ubuntu0.14.04.1
cloud-guest-utils 0.27-0ubuntu9.2
cloud-init 0.7.5-0ubuntu1.20
command-not-found 0.3ubuntu12
command-not-found-data 0.3ubuntu12
console-setup 1.70ubuntu8
coreutils 8.21-1ubuntu5.4
cpio 2.11+dfsg-1ubuntu1.2
cron 3.0pl1-124ubuntu2
cryptsetup 2:1.6.1-1ubuntu1
cryptsetup-bin 2:1.6.1-1ubuntu1
curl 7.35.0-1ubuntu2.10
dash 0.5.7-4ubuntu1
dbus 1.6.18-0ubuntu4.4
debconf 1.5.51ubuntu2
debconf-i18n 1.5.51ubuntu2
debianutils 4.4
dh-python 1.20140128-1ubuntu8.2
diffutils 1:3.3-1
dmidecode 2.12-2
dmsetup 2:1.02.77-6ubuntu2
dnsutils 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
dosfstools 3.0.26-1ubuntu0.1
dpkg 1.17.5ubuntu5.7
e2fslibs:i386 1.42.9-3ubuntu1.3
e2fsprogs 1.42.9-3ubuntu1.3
eatmydata 26-2
ed 1.9-2
eject 2.1.5+deb1+cvs20081104-13.1
ethtool 1:3.13-1
file 1:5.14-2ubuntu3.3
findutils 4.4.2-7
fonts-ubuntu-font-family-console 0.80-0ubuntu6
friendly-recovery 0.2.25
ftp 0.17-28
fuse 2.9.2-4ubuntu4.14.04.1
gawk 1:4.0.1+dfsg-2.1ubuntu2
gcc-4.8-base:i386 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3
gcc-4.9-base:i386 4.9.3-0ubuntu4
gdisk 0.8.8-1ubuntu0.1
geoip-database 20140313-1
gettext-base 0.18.3.1-1ubuntu3
gir1.2-glib-2.0 1.40.0-1ubuntu0.2
gnupg 1.4.16-1ubuntu2.4
gpgv 1.4.16-1ubuntu2.4
grep 2.16-1
groff-base 1.22.2-5
grub-common 2.02~beta2-9ubuntu1.12
grub-gfxpayload-lists 0.6
grub-legacy-ec2 0.7.5-0ubuntu1.20
grub-pc 2.02~beta2-9ubuntu1.12
grub-pc-bin 2.02~beta2-9ubuntu1.12
grub2-common 2.02~beta2-9ubuntu1.12
gzip 1.6-3ubuntu1
hdparm 9.43-1ubuntu3
hostname 3.15ubuntu1
ifupdown 0.7.47.2ubuntu4.4
info 5.2.0.dfsg.1-2
init-system-helpers 1.14
initramfs-tools 0.103ubuntu4.4
initramfs-tools-bin 0.103ubuntu4.4
initscripts 2.88dsf-41ubuntu6.3
insserv 1.14.0-5ubuntu2
install-info 5.2.0.dfsg.1-2
iproute2 3.12.0-2ubuntu1
iptables 1.4.21-1ubuntu1
iputils-ping 3:20121221-4ubuntu1.1
iputils-tracepath 3:20121221-4ubuntu1.1
irqbalance 1.0.6-2ubuntu0.14.04.4
isc-dhcp-client 4.2.4-7ubuntu12.8
isc-dhcp-common 4.2.4-7ubuntu12.8
iso-codes 3.52-1
kbd 1.15.5-1ubuntu1
keyboard-configuration 1.70ubuntu8
klibc-utils 2.0.3-0ubuntu1.14.04.2
kmod 15-0ubuntu6
krb5-locales 1.12+dfsg-2ubuntu5.2
landscape-client 14.12-0ubuntu0.14.04
landscape-common 14.12-0ubuntu0.14.04
language-selector-common 0.129.3
laptop-detect 0.13.7ubuntu2
less 458-2
libaccountsservice0:i386 0.6.35-0ubuntu7.3
libacl1:i386 2.2.52-1
libapparmor-perl 2.8.95~2430-0ubuntu5.3
libapparmor1:i386 2.8.95~2430-0ubuntu5.3
libapt-inst1.5:i386 1.0.1ubuntu2.15
libapt-pkg4.12:i386 1.0.1ubuntu2.15
libarchive-extract-perl 0.70-1
libasn1-8-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libasprintf0c2:i386 0.18.3.1-1ubuntu3
libattr1:i386 1:2.4.47-1ubuntu1
libaudit-common 1:2.3.2-2ubuntu1
libaudit1:i386 1:2.3.2-2ubuntu1
libbind9-90 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
libblkid1:i386 2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
libboost-iostreams1.54.0:i386 1.54.0-4ubuntu3.1
libbsd0:i386 0.6.0-2ubuntu1
libbz2-1.0:i386 1.0.6-5
libc-bin 2.19-0ubuntu6.9
libc6:i386 2.19-0ubuntu6.9
libcap-ng0 0.7.3-1ubuntu2
libcap2:i386 1:2.24-0ubuntu2
libcap2-bin 1:2.24-0ubuntu2
libcgmanager0:i386 0.24-0ubuntu7.5
libck-connector0:i386 0.4.5-3.1ubuntu2
libclass-accessor-perl 0.34-1
libcomerr2:i386 1.42.9-3ubuntu1.3
libcryptsetup4 2:1.6.1-1ubuntu1
libcurl3:i386 7.35.0-1ubuntu2.10
libcurl3-gnutls:i386 7.35.0-1ubuntu2.10
libcwidget3 0.5.16-3.5ubuntu1
libdb5.3:i386 5.3.28-3ubuntu3
libdbus-1-3:i386 1.6.18-0ubuntu4.4
libdbus-glib-1-2:i386 0.100.2-1
libdebconfclient0:i386 0.187ubuntu1
libdevmapper1.02.1:i386 2:1.02.77-6ubuntu2
libdns100 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
libdrm2:i386 2.4.67-1ubuntu0.14.04.1
libdumbnet1 1.12-4build1
libedit2:i386 3.1-20130712-2
libelf1:i386 0.158-0ubuntu5.2
libept1.4.12:i386 1.0.12
libestr0 0.1.9-0ubuntu2
libevent-2.0-5:i386 2.0.21-stable-1ubuntu1.14.04.1
libexpat1:i386 2.1.0-4ubuntu1.3
libffi6:i386 3.1~rc1+r3.0.13-12ubuntu0.1
libfreetype6:i386 2.5.2-1ubuntu2.5
libfribidi0:i386 0.19.6-1
libfuse2:i386 2.9.2-4ubuntu4.14.04.1
libgc1c2:i386 1:7.2d-5ubuntu2
libgcc1:i386 1:4.9.3-0ubuntu4
libgck-1-0:i386 3.10.1-1
libgcr-3-common 3.10.1-1
libgcr-base-3-1:i386 3.10.1-1
libgcrypt11:i386 1.5.3-2ubuntu4.4
libgdbm3:i386 1.8.3-12build1
libgeoip1:i386 1.6.0-1
libgirepository-1.0-1 1.40.0-1ubuntu0.2
libglib2.0-0:i386 2.40.2-0ubuntu1
libglib2.0-data 2.40.2-0ubuntu1
libgnutls-openssl27:i386 2.12.23-12ubuntu2.5
libgnutls26:i386 2.12.23-12ubuntu2.5
libgpg-error0:i386 1.12-0.2ubuntu1
libgpm2:i386 1.20.4-6.1
libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 1.12+dfsg-2ubuntu5.2
libgssapi3-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libhcrypto4-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libheimbase1-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libheimntlm0-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libhx509-5-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libicu52:i386 52.1-3ubuntu0.4
libidn11:i386 1.28-1ubuntu2.1
libio-string-perl 1.08-3
libisc95 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
libisccc90 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
libisccfg90 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
libjson-c2:i386 0.11-3ubuntu1.2
libjson0:i386 0.11-3ubuntu1.2
libk5crypto3:i386 1.12+dfsg-2ubuntu5.2
libkeyutils1:i386 1.5.6-1
libklibc 2.0.3-0ubuntu1.14.04.2
libkmod2:i386 15-0ubuntu6
libkrb5-26-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libkrb5-3:i386 1.12+dfsg-2ubuntu5.2
libkrb5support0:i386 1.12+dfsg-2ubuntu5.2
libldap-2.4-2:i386 2.4.31-1+nmu2ubuntu8.3
liblocale-gettext-perl 1.05-7build3
liblockfile-bin 1.09-6ubuntu1
liblockfile1:i386 1.09-6ubuntu1
liblog-message-simple-perl 0.10-1
liblwres90 1:9.9.5.dfsg-3ubuntu0.10
liblzma5:i386 5.1.1alpha+20120614-2ubuntu2
libmagic1:i386 1:5.14-2ubuntu3.3
libmodule-pluggable-perl 5.1-1
libmount1:i386 2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
libmpdec2:i386 2.4.0-6
libncurses5:i386 5.9+20140118-1ubuntu1
libncursesw5:i386 5.9+20140118-1ubuntu1
libnewt0.52:i386 0.52.15-2ubuntu5
libnfnetlink0:i386 1.0.1-2
libnih-dbus1:i386 1.0.3-4ubuntu25
libnih1:i386 1.0.3-4ubuntu25
libnuma1:i386 2.0.9~rc5-1ubuntu3.14.04.2
libp11-kit0:i386 0.20.2-2ubuntu2
libpam-cap:i386 1:2.24-0ubuntu2
libpam-modules:i386 1.1.8-1ubuntu2.2
libpam-modules-bin 1.1.8-1ubuntu2.2
libpam-runtime 1.1.8-1ubuntu2.2
libpam-systemd:i386 204-5ubuntu20.19
libpam0g:i386 1.1.8-1ubuntu2.2
libparse-debianchangelog-perl 1.2.0-1ubuntu1
libparted0debian1:i386 2.3-19ubuntu1.14.04.1
libpcap0.8:i386 1.5.3-2
libpci3:i386 1:3.2.1-1ubuntu5.1
libpcre3:i386 1:8.31-2ubuntu2.3
libpipeline1:i386 1.3.0-1
libplymouth2:i386 0.8.8-0ubuntu17.1
libpng12-0:i386 1.2.50-1ubuntu2.14.04.2
libpod-latex-perl 0.61-1
libpolkit-agent-1-0:i386 0.105-4ubuntu3.14.04.1
libpolkit-backend-1-0:i386 0.105-4ubuntu3.14.04.1
libpolkit-gobject-1-0:i386 0.105-4ubuntu3.14.04.1
libpopt0:i386 1.16-8ubuntu1
libprocps3:i386 1:3.3.9-1ubuntu2.2
libpython-stdlib:i386 2.7.5-5ubuntu3
libpython2.7:i386 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.3
libpython2.7-minimal:i386 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.3
libpython2.7-stdlib:i386 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.3
libpython3-stdlib:i386 3.4.0-0ubuntu2
libpython3.4-minimal:i386 3.4.3-1ubuntu1~14.04.5
libpython3.4-stdlib:i386 3.4.3-1ubuntu1~14.04.5
libreadline6:i386 6.3-4ubuntu2
libroken18-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
librtmp0:i386 2.4+20121230.gitdf6c518-1
libsasl2-2:i386 2.1.25.dfsg1-17build1
libsasl2-modules:i386 2.1.25.dfsg1-17build1
libsasl2-modules-db:i386 2.1.25.dfsg1-17build1
libselinux1:i386 2.2.2-1ubuntu0.1
libsemanage-common 2.2-1
libsemanage1:i386 2.2-1
libsepol1:i386 2.2-1ubuntu0.1
libsigc++-2.0-0c2a:i386 2.2.10-0.2ubuntu2
libsigsegv2:i386 2.10-2
libslang2:i386 2.2.4-15ubuntu1
libsqlite3-0:i386 3.8.2-1ubuntu2.1
libss2:i386 1.42.9-3ubuntu1.3
libssl1.0.0:i386 1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.21
libstdc++6:i386 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3
libsub-name-perl 0.05-1build4
libsystemd-daemon0:i386 204-5ubuntu20.19
libsystemd-login0:i386 204-5ubuntu20.19
libtasn1-6:i386 3.4-3ubuntu0.4
libterm-ui-perl 0.42-1
libtext-charwidth-perl 0.04-7build3
libtext-iconv-perl 1.7-5build2
libtext-soundex-perl 3.4-1build1
libtext-wrapi18n-perl 0.06-7
libtimedate-perl 2.3000-1
libtinfo5:i386 5.9+20140118-1ubuntu1
libudev1:i386 204-5ubuntu20.19
libusb-0.1-4:i386 2:0.1.12-23.3ubuntu1
libusb-1.0-0:i386 2:1.0.17-1ubuntu2
libustr-1.0-1:i386 1.0.4-3ubuntu2
libuuid1:i386 2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
libwind0-heimdal:i386 1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1
libwrap0:i386 7.6.q-25
libx11-6:i386 2:1.6.2-1ubuntu2
libx11-data 2:1.6.2-1ubuntu2
libxapian22 1.2.16-2ubuntu1
libxau6:i386 1:1.0.8-1
libxcb1:i386 1.10-2ubuntu1
libxdmcp6:i386 1:1.1.1-1
libxext6:i386 2:1.3.2-1ubuntu0.0.14.04.1
libxml2:i386 2.9.1+dfsg1-3ubuntu4.8
libxmuu1:i386 2:1.1.1-1
libxtables10 1.4.21-1ubuntu1
libyaml-0-2:i386 0.1.4-3ubuntu3.1
linux-headers-3.13.0-105 3.13.0-105.152
linux-headers-3.13.0-105-generic 3.13.0-105.152
linux-headers-generic 3.13.0.105.113
linux-headers-virtual 3.13.0.105.113
linux-image-3.13.0-105-generic 3.13.0-105.152
linux-image-virtual 3.13.0.105.113
linux-virtual 3.13.0.105.113
locales 2.13+git20120306-12.1
lockfile-progs 0.1.17
login 1:4.1.5.1-1ubuntu9.2
logrotate 3.8.7-1ubuntu1
lsb-base 4.1+Debian11ubuntu6.2
lsb-release 4.1+Debian11ubuntu6.2
lshw 02.16-2ubuntu1.3
lsof 4.86+dfsg-1ubuntu2
ltrace 0.7.3-4ubuntu5.1
makedev 2.3.1-93ubuntu1
man-db 2.6.7.1-1ubuntu1
manpages 3.54-1ubuntu1
mawk 1.3.3-17ubuntu2
mime-support 3.54ubuntu1.1
mlocate 0.26-1ubuntu1
module-init-tools 15-0ubuntu6
mount 2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
mountall 2.53
mtr-tiny 0.85-2
multiarch-support 2.19-0ubuntu6.9
nano 2.2.6-1ubuntu1
ncurses-base 5.9+20140118-1ubuntu1
ncurses-bin 5.9+20140118-1ubuntu1
ncurses-term 5.9+20140118-1ubuntu1
net-tools 1.60-25ubuntu2.1
netbase 5.2
netcat-openbsd 1.105-7ubuntu1
ntfs-3g 1:2013.1.13AR.1-2ubuntu2
ntpdate 1:4.2.6.p5+dfsg-3ubuntu2.14.04.10
open-vm-tools 2:9.4.0-1280544-5ubuntu6.2
openssh-client 1:6.6p1-2ubuntu2.8
openssh-server 1:6.6p1-2ubuntu2.8
openssh-sftp-server 1:6.6p1-2ubuntu2.8
openssl 1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.21
os-prober 1.63ubuntu1.1
overlayroot 0.25ubuntu1.14.04.1
parted 2.3-19ubuntu1.14.04.1
passwd 1:4.1.5.1-1ubuntu9.2
patch 2.7.1-4ubuntu2.3
pciutils 1:3.2.1-1ubuntu5.1
perl 5.18.2-2ubuntu1.1
perl-base 5.18.2-2ubuntu1.1
perl-modules 5.18.2-2ubuntu1.1
plymouth 0.8.8-0ubuntu17.1
plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text 0.8.8-0ubuntu17.1
policykit-1 0.105-4ubuntu3.14.04.1
pollinate 4.23-0ubuntu1~14.04
popularity-contest 1.57ubuntu1
powermgmt-base 1.31build1
ppp 2.4.5-5.1ubuntu2.2
pppconfig 2.3.19ubuntu1
pppoeconf 1.20ubuntu1
procps 1:3.3.9-1ubuntu2.2
psmisc 22.20-1ubuntu2
python 2.7.5-5ubuntu3
python-apt 0.9.3.5ubuntu2
python-apt-common 0.9.3.5ubuntu2
python-chardet 2.0.1-2build2
python-cheetah 2.4.4-3.fakesyncbuild1
python-configobj 4.7.2+ds-5build1
python-debian 0.1.21+nmu2ubuntu2
python-gdbm 2.7.5-1ubuntu1
python-json-pointer 1.0-2build1
python-jsonpatch 1.3-4
python-minimal 2.7.5-5ubuntu3
python-oauth 1.0.1-3build2
python-openssl 0.13-2ubuntu6
python-pam 0.4.2-13.1ubuntu3
python-pkg-resources 3.3-1ubuntu2
python-prettytable 0.7.2-2ubuntu2
python-pycurl 7.19.3-0ubuntu3
python-requests 2.2.1-1ubuntu0.3
python-serial 2.6-1build1
python-six 1.5.2-1ubuntu1
python-twisted-bin 13.2.0-1ubuntu1
python-twisted-core 13.2.0-1ubuntu1
python-twisted-names 13.2.0-1ubuntu1
python-twisted-web 13.2.0-1ubuntu1
python-urllib3 1.7.1-1ubuntu4
python-xapian 1.2.16-2ubuntu1
python-yaml 3.10-4ubuntu0.1
python-zope.interface 4.0.5-1ubuntu4
python2.7 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.3
python2.7-minimal 2.7.6-8ubuntu0.3
python3 3.4.0-0ubuntu2
python3-apport 2.14.1-0ubuntu3.21
python3-apt 0.9.3.5ubuntu2
python3-commandnotfound 0.3ubuntu12
python3-dbus 1.2.0-2build2
python3-distupgrade 1:0.220.8
python3-gdbm:i386 3.4.3-1~14.04.2
python3-gi 3.12.0-1ubuntu1
python3-minimal 3.4.0-0ubuntu2
python3-newt 0.52.15-2ubuntu5
python3-problem-report 2.14.1-0ubuntu3.21
python3-pycurl 7.19.3-0ubuntu3
python3-software-properties 0.92.37.7
python3-update-manager 1:0.196.22
python3.4 3.4.3-1ubuntu1~14.04.5
python3.4-minimal 3.4.3-1ubuntu1~14.04.5
readline-common 6.3-4ubuntu2
resolvconf 1.69ubuntu1.1
rsync 3.1.0-2ubuntu0.2
rsyslog 7.4.4-1ubuntu2.6
run-one 1.17-0ubuntu1
screen 4.1.0~20120320gitdb59704-9
sed 4.2.2-4ubuntu1
sensible-utils 0.0.9
sgml-base 1.26+nmu4ubuntu1
shared-mime-info 1.2-0ubuntu3
software-properties-common 0.92.37.7
ssh-import-id 3.21-0ubuntu1
strace 4.8-1ubuntu5
sudo 1.8.9p5-1ubuntu1.3
systemd-services 204-5ubuntu20.19
systemd-shim 6-2bzr1
sysv-rc 2.88dsf-41ubuntu6.3
sysvinit-utils 2.88dsf-41ubuntu6.3
tar 1.27.1-1ubuntu0.1
tasksel 2.88ubuntu15
tasksel-data 2.88ubuntu15
tcpd 7.6.q-25
tcpdump 4.5.1-2ubuntu1.2
telnet 0.17-36build2
time 1.7-24
tmux 1.8-5
tzdata 2016h-0ubuntu0.14.04
ubuntu-keyring 2012.05.19
ubuntu-minimal 1.325
ubuntu-release-upgrader-core 1:0.220.8
ubuntu-standard 1.325
ucf 3.0027+nmu1
udev 204-5ubuntu20.19
ufw 0.34~rc-0ubuntu2
unattended-upgrades 0.82.1ubuntu2.4
update-manager-core 1:0.196.22
update-notifier-common 0.154.1ubuntu2
upstart 1.12.1-0ubuntu4.2
ureadahead 0.100.0-16
usbutils 1:007-2ubuntu1.1
util-linux 2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
uuid-runtime 2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.7
vim 2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3.1
vim-common 2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3.1
vim-runtime 2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3.1
vim-tiny 2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3.1
w3m 0.5.3-15
wget 1.15-1ubuntu1.14.04.2
whiptail 0.52.15-2ubuntu5
xauth 1:1.0.7-1ubuntu1
xkb-data 2.10.1-1ubuntu1
xml-core 0.13+nmu2
xz-utils 5.1.1alpha+20120614-2ubuntu2
zerofree 1.0.2-1ubuntu1
zlib1g:i386 1:1.2.8.dfsg-1ubuntu1

It doesn't mention any modifications to any settings.

This file was found on the bottom of this page.  I'm currently trying to locate the manifest for the server image, and will edit my answer once I diff the two files.


Wifi not working if starting or waking up from suspend on battery power

You could also try unloading the driver and then modprobe it back in.

Pasted for posterity (original reference):

Use the following script as /etc/pm/sleep.d/99_fixwifi.sh

#!/bin/sh

. "${PM_FUNCTIONS}"

resume_wifi()
{
        # Stop networking and network-manager
        stop network-manager
        service networking stop

        # Remove and reload the module for the wifi card
        # Change to the wifi driver of your choice.
        # You can probably find it by using
        #    `lspci | grep -i wireless`
        # and it's probably loaded somewhere in `modprobe -l`,
        # maybe pipe modprobe's output to `grep iw`

        modprobe -r -f iwlwifi
        modprobe iwlwifi

        # Start networking and network-manager again
        service networking start
        start network-manager
}

case "$1" in
        thaw|resume)
                resume_wifi
                ;;
        *) exit $NA
                ;;
esac


How to I parse a file and only keep certain words?

If you have the words in a separate file, one per line, you can use grep:

grep -oFf word-list.txt input-file

-o prints only matching strings
-F treats the patterns as fixed strings instead of regular expressions
-f file reads in patterns from a file.

With python:

#! /usr/bin/env python3

import sys
words=['hi','name','first']
for line in sys.stdin:
    print(' '.join(filter(lambda x: x in words, line.split())))


How to warn (noise/bleep) when Ubuntu is about to go into sleep mode?

As the NotifyOSD team is taking its time to add sound to notifications, here's a script that will accomplish the same thing good enough for your particular use case.(It'll only notify you with a beep when the system goes to sleep, no beep on all notifications I'm afraid...)

Copy-paste the following script:

#!/bin/bash

#
# This script plays a sound if the system is going into hibernation/sleep mode
# as an answer to http://askubuntu.com/questions/552999/how-to-warn-noise-bleep-when-ubuntu-is-about-to-go-into-sleep-mode/553026
# Original script name: /etc/pm/sleep.d/sleep-beep
#

# Copyright (c) Fabby 2015

# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
# You DID NOT receive a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program as the license is bigger then this program.
# Therefore, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/ for more details.

case $1 in
  suspend|suspend_hybrid|hibernate)
    notify-send --urgency=NORMAL --icon=face-tired "Going to sleep"
    ogg123 /usr/share/sounds/ubuntu/stereo/desktop-login.ogg
  ;;

  resume|thaw)
    # No need to do anything here, but easy to add if needed
  ;;

esac

into gedit
Save it as sleep-beep in your Documents directory
Press Ctrl+Alt+T to go to a terminal
Make the script executable and then copy it to the right directory:

sudo chmod +x ~/Documents/sleep-beep
sudo cp ~/Documents/sleep-beep /etc/pm/sleep.d/sleep-beep

As it needs to play ogg files from the command-line, it also needs:

sudo apt-get install vorbis-tools

Done!  :-)


Ultrabook or Thin Laptop with great battery life for Ubuntu

Dell has XPS 13 super expensive ultrabook preloaded with Ubuntu. But technically you can buy any ultrabook or zenbook, and blow windows away and install Ubuntu in it. Few models I would suggest to look at are, Samsung Series 9, Zenbook, Vizio ultrabook, hp envy spectre. I think in the end it really depends on your budget.

I personally would buy an ultrabook which has Windows 7 with it (not Windows 8) and dual boot it with Ubuntu.


Disabling login prompt and/or VGA output

To disable textual login on virtual terminal tty1...tty6, you can modify /etc/init/tty1.conf (and the other from tty2.conf to tty6.conf), substituting the line

exec /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty1

with something like the following:

exec /sbin/getty -8 -n -l /usr/local/bin/tty-replacement 38400 tty1

where /usr/local/bin/tty-replacement can be a simple shell script like this:

#!/bin/sh

echo ""
echo "This is a message"
echo ""
read ans

This should not prevent ssh login, that has nothing to do with ttys.

Remember to make the shell script executable with

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/tty-replacement


How to get Drivers for Lenovo Essential E4325

On Linux, for mainstream hardware that has been on the market for some months, there's almost never need to install any drivers.
I'd recommend you run a live system from thumbdrive oder DVD and test everything. Your Ubuntu installation medium should allow this. Connect to your wifi, test ethernet, the usb ports, the touch pad and I guess it should work.
Check out the support for your external hardware like printers or scanners.


Kernel downgrade after update broke my system

You can remove the non-functional kernel with apt-get:

sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.8.0-33-generic

As part of uninstallation process the system removes 3.8.0-33 entry from GRUB menu and leaves only 3.8.0-29.

Please note, that also package linux-image-generic-lts-raring will be removed. That means that your kernel version will not be upgraded in future with apt-get upgrade. Only when you reinstall linux-image-generic-lts-raring will the kernel version get upgraded. So this is a permanent solution.


Ubuntu and Windows dual boot with Lenovo y50-70

The windows bootloader is very destructive and messes up all other bootloaders installed on the system. As a result, you should first install windows with the capacity you would like it to have, and then follow this guide: https://www.tecmint.com/install-ubuntu-16-04-alongside-with-windows-10-or-8-in-dual-boot/. Essentially, you should install ubuntu alongside windows 10, with Windows 10 installed first.


How to recover data from an ext4 partition mounted incorrectly?

Do not write to disk1 any more: use it for reading only.
If you need to do writes, make a copy first using ddrescue and write to the copy only.

apt install gddrescue
man ddrescue

If disk1 contains an ntfs file system, use RecuperaBit first!
As ntfs contains multiple MFTs, you might recover some or all of the directory structure.
If you arrive at this step, you probably have EXT2/3/4 FS on your disk.  Recovering the directory structure is going to be difficult if both superblocks are overwritten: try this first on the copy you made from the original disk.
Use TestDisk before you use PhotoRec
Use autopsy before you use PhotoRec
Use R-Disk before using PhotoRec
Only if all else fails, start using PhotoRec

The best solution here is to restore your backup thought and if you don't have a backup, start making a backup ASAHP


Graphics card treats dual monitor as one desktop - need to split into two desktops

CompizConfig appears to have the tools you need for three monitors. An overview including installation can be found here. A youtube video showing three monitors in action, including the middle monitor being set to full screen can be found here.

As per the link you already visited and commented on here you need to start CompizConfig and select (CCSM->General->Display Settings->Outputs). Then as a user suggested here add these outputs to it and deselected "Detect Outputs":

1280x1024+0+0
1280x1024+1280+0
1280x1024+2560+0

His setup was three 1280x1024 monitors so you would need to adjust your settings accordingly.

Unfortunately I do not have three monitors and my dual monitor setup works perfectly so I have no need of CompizConfig nor can I test it for your environment.


If you can reach log-in screen it means that you've passed grub. One excludes the other. However your grub might be set to timeout really quick, so you don't even see it or it's even hidden in a way.

In such case the best way of getting into grub will be to use live cd.

First follow this tutorial to chroot into your Ubuntu installation and change the grub settings, so you can enter it: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCdRecovery#Update_Failure

While in chroot edit your /etc/default/grub and make sure you have GRUB_TIMEOUT set to something higher than 0.

GRUB_TIMEOUT=5

If GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true is present, change it to GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=false.

Also, for debugging, it's useful to remove quiet splash options from GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT.

After changing /etc/default/grub` please update your grub with

update-grub2

make sure you do it inside chroot.

Then you can proceed with https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RecoveryMode


I understood why brightness adjust haven't worked.

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

...doesn't install package xfce4-power-manager. So installing this package helped me to solve this problem:

sudo apt-get install xfce4-power-manager xfce4-power-manager-data xfce4-power-manager-plugins

Next reboot your laptop and enjoy it.


Ubuntu 17.10 persistence of folder bookmarks

If the bookmarked folders are located in another partition which is not mounted currently, the bookmarks won't work. If you click on a bookmark, Nautilus (aka Files) won't mount the drive automatically for you. You'll have to mount the corresponding drive separately first.


Mux switch: How to turn off the discrete GPU after switching on the Optimus from discrete GPU only, Lenovo Y540

Ok so its fixed
In summary you need driver 460 or higher without anything like prime select.
Set the laptop on "Optimus on" then install nvidia driver without prime-select and in this scenario everything will be fine, you can easily switch them from bios.


Here are the reasons why the games are not working as you want them to.

Civ 5

In the Steam store system in System Requirements tab notes that Intel Integrated video chipsets (GMA 9XX, HD 3XXX) will not run Civilization V for SteamOS and Linux, and are unsupported. You have a Intel® HD Graphics 3000 integrated

Borderlands 2

In the Steam store in System Requirements tab notes that Intel Integrated video chipsets and ATI chipsets are currently unsupported for Borderlands 2 Linux. You have a Intel® HD Graphics 3000 integrated


Installing Steam on Ubuntu 16.04 x64, 32 bit Package Problems

16.04 is new and all packages are not ready to use in all servers. Using Main Server to download packages will solve your problem.

System Settings
Software & Updates
Select "Main Server" from "Download from" section


I've had the same problem one time a go when .ISO was corrupted. Try to download it once again, or check MD5sum.


PulseAudio is used on top of ALSA to manage applications use of your onboard soundcard. However, it is not preloaded in a standard Lubuntu install. To get PulseAudio open your terminal and type

sudo apt-get install pavucontrol


Found it.

Two screen instance were actually reading /dev/ttyUSB0

Removing them all solved the issue.

Now, I am looking for solution to prevent me to do this mistake again:
https://serverfault.com/questions/811474/how-to-prevent-screen-to-open-the-same-serial-device-twice


How I can install build-essential in a PC without Internet Connection?

On the Internet-less computer:

Open the Unity Dash, type "Terminal" and press enter
In the new window enter PACKAGENAME=<The name of the Package to install> and press enter
The enter this:
apt-get -qqs install $PACKAGENAME | grep Inst | awk '{print $2}' | xargs apt-cache show | grep 'Filename: ' | awk '{print $2}' | while read filepath; do echo "wget \"http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/${filepath}\""; done >downloader.sh
A ready-to-use downloader for the package has now been created in you home folder
Open your home directory in the file browser and move the file downloader.sh to the top-level directory of your flash drive
Eject your flash drive

On the computer with Internet:

Open the flash drive in a terminal:

Insert your flash drive
Open your flash drive in the file browser
Type <Ctrl>L and then <Ctrl>C (This will copy the location of your flash drive)
Open the Unity Dash, type "Terminal" and press enter
In the Terminal type this: cd <Ctrl><Shift>V<Enter> (This will move you to the directory of the flash drive)

Type sh downloader.sh and press enter
Wait for the download to complete
Eject your flash drive

Back to the Internet-less computer:

Open the flash drive in a terminal:

Insert your flash drive
Open your flash drive in the file browser
Type <Ctrl>L and then <Ctrl>C (This will copy the location of your flash drive)
Open the Unity Dash, type "Terminal" and press enter
In the Terminal type this: cd <Ctrl><Shift>V<Enter> (This will move you to the directory of the flash drive)

Type sudo dpkg --install *.deb and press enter
Wait for the package to install

Note: This will only work with packages for the Ubuntu archive!


Installing Ubuntu on 32bit XP system for the first time

Assuming you are using the Windows installer:

Always a good idea to get all security updates
You may want to temporarily disable your antivirus (but be sure to turn back on once Wubi is installed!)
You can leave the firewall as is.


What is the process for software to be updated in the Ubuntu Software Center?

Because of the sheer number of programs that are available for Linux, and the number of people it would take to constantly monitor every single one on a daily basis, reviewing the changes/updates and packaging them for Ubuntu.

There's more to getting a package in the Ubuntu/Debian repositories than just publishing it on Github, it has to be packaged for that distro, and often reviewed by other distro developers. If you'd like to help decrease the lag between the upstream developer publishing a new version and the time it takes said version to get into the Ubuntu repositories then I encourage you to look at becoming a Ubuntu or Debian developer.

Also, for Debian at least, once the current version of the distro is released, only bugfixes are applied to the packages in the repositories, new features have to wait for the next release of the operating system (IIUC).  I don't know if Ubuntu operates in the same way but that's how it works for Debian and Ubuntu is based on Debian.


Where are the compiler switches used for gcc documented?

This will take a little work, but it's doable.  Ubuntu has a very specific policy on compiler flags which is summarized in this wiki entry.   In short, the standard runtime compiler flag set is CFLAGS="-O2 -g".  However, package builders do have to change the default flag set for any number of detailed reasons (e.g. compiler issue workarounds).  So to be sure, you will need to download the source for the package of interest, libc in this case, and look for the BUILD_CFLAGS in the debian/rules file.

For example, in artful, you can find the package page for libc6 here: http://packages.ubuntu.com/artful/libc6-amd64.  From the side bar on the right-hand side, you can download the source files.  In particular, the control files live in glibc_2.26-0ubuntu2.1.debian.tar.xz.  Grabbing that, unpacking and looking in debian/rules, I see that BUILD_CFLAGS=-O2 -g.


Nautilus auto-resize doesn't work properly on Ubuntu 18.04

Indeed, currently in nautilus 3.26.3, double-clicking the right line of the column in the header "resets" the column width to some default width, which is not determined by the current displayed item. You can manually size the column width, and that size will be remembered. Yet, the logic behind how size is remembered and adapts to the window size is obscure to me.


Error installing RabbitMQ in ubuntu14.04

Try doing what the error message says. Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt-get -f install

(with no packages)

From the output of man apt-get

-f, --fix-broken
    Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place.
    This option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages
    to permit APT to deduce a likely solution.


So tell wget not to output.

wget -qO /dev/null http://whatever-url/


MBR is broken ? - sounds not so good. Simply burn a live-CD with an *.iso-image of supergrub - supergrub can repair almost anything what looks like a broken grub.

supergrub can be obtained here (on the right side - "supergrub2" ) :

http://www.supergrubdisk.org/


read from multitrack audio recorder in code

...well then, turns out ALSA can, in fact, do it. But not fun. If anybody goes down this route: when you call send_pcm_read_i, it reads frames, not bytes. A frame = 1,2,or whatever bytes per sample per channel, in 'interleaved mode', which is what worked for me. So you'd get { 2bytes, 2bytes, 2bytes } for 3-channel, 16-bit audio, per frame.


Delete all files except specified files/folders using command line?

You can use the extended globbing, but the exclamation mark goes before the pattern:

rm -rf NASA/!(a|b|x)

If extglob is not on, activate it first:

shopt -s extglob


"No such file or directory" usually means exactly this - the file is not in the place you're looking for it, or has some different name. Check with the ls command if the path and the file exist:

# ls /home/user/Downloads


Can't get Graphics to work on HP Pavilion G6

First things first Your Graphics Card

The link presented in your question contains outdated instructions to correctly install ATI graphics drivers for 12.04.  You need to purge this installation and reinstall the coorect graphics driver (ensuring you all meet all the correct dependencies).  This may also be the cause of Cinnamon not working (but if it il doesnt work you can ask a new question here).

Hopefully some else has knowledge about the Android Emulator (not a strong subject with me) but lets get you system stable first

Instructions on how to install your graphics driver can be found here


Have you tried to change your wifi adapter? After a recent kernel upgrade, upon boot no wifi. After checking discovered, as you did "no wifi adapter found". So I removed that one and installed another one.
Check for recommended adapter, such as Edimax N 150.


How to search an XML file and print text of a certain color

Considering that the file.xml is not properly formatted xml, you can do the following:
grep -o '.*' file.xml | xmllint --xpath 'string(//span)' -

The grep part of the command will find the whole line containing your desired span tag (tags included). The line is then piped to xmllint that will use xpath query to locate your text. Keep in mind that this will work if you do not have multiple span tags, that match the grep criteria, in the same line.
However, if you have properly formed xml, you can use only xmllint (I just put  and  tags around your file), which is preffered way to work with xml files. The command would be:
xmllint --xpath 'string((//span[@style=" color: #595959;"])[1])' file.xml

Note the [1] in the command. This is used to show you the first result of the query. If you have multiple span tags with same style attribute, you can get those texts by using [2], [3], etc.


How to set grub from second Linux distribution as default in UEFI boot?

In your ESP - efi system partition is a 3 line grub that is a configfile entry to the full grub in your install. I have multiple installs of Ubuntu and quickly learned to back up ESP, but more importantly backup grub.cfg in ESP. You can easily edit that grub.cfg if you know partition and UUID, just by changing entries to correct ones for your main working install.

sudo blkid

Entry will look like this which is mine with my UUID & hd0,gpt6

fred@Asusz97:~$ cat /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/grub.cfg
search.fs_uuid 255a2800-b871-4fdf-a809-16987e64b8b3 root hd0,gpt6
set prefix=($root)'/boot/grub'
configfile $prefix/grub.cfg

If you have not run Boot-Repair or manually edited fstab, you may not be able to edit that grub.cfg. Ubuntu changed from defaults to 0077

/boot/efi was on /dev/sda1 during installation
14.04 fstab entry defaults

UUID=FD76-E33D  /boot/efi       vfat    defaults        0       1

16.04 fstab entry umask=0077

UUID=68CD-3368  /boot/efi       vfat    umask=0077      0       1

sudo nano /etc/fstab

Edit fstab and change umask=0077 to defaults and reboot. The sudo mount -a should be run to confirm no typos, but will not remount the efi partition, only reboot will.

Then you can edit grub.cfg

sudo nano /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/grub.cfg

You probably want to edit fstab in both installs and make backups of entire ESP and grub.cfg. I typically create new folder in ESP as copy of /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu to version.

fred@Asusz97:~$ ls -l /boot/efi/EFI
total 24
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 15 13:54 asus_ar
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 22 12:13 Boot
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 24 17:43 mate
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 23  2015 trusty
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 23 13:57 ubuntu
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 27  2015 xenial

I then turn off os-prober, so grub does not add other installs by searching system.

Skip Grub at boot

And add my own boot stanza's to 40_custom to boot link to newest kernel in all my other installs. Then I do not have to run sudo update-grub twice and reboot multiple times.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/CustomMenus

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Setup#Specific_Entries


Ubuntu won't boot after removing windows and extending partition

After hours, I finally figured out how to create a boot partition in EFI.

Create a fat32 partition of more or less 200 MB
Flag it with boot and esp
Then copy the folder "/EFI/Boot/" from liveUSB to this boot partition.
The partition needs two files (grubx64.efi and bootx64.efi).
Reboot the system without USB. From what I understood, during the boot, the system will add variables that are needed by grub-install (used by boot-repair).
Reboot with USB
Then run boot-repair (https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair)

And it should work ;-)


inotifywait can do this. Install the package inotify-tools:

sudo apt-get install inotify-tools

Then run inotifywait like this:

inotifywait --timefmt "%F %T" --format "%T %w %e" --daemon --outfile </path/to/logfile> </path/to/file1> </path/to/file2> ...

It will log the date, time, file and the event that occurred.

More information: inotifywait manual page.


No, Unity, the Ubuntu user interface, is not related to Unity3D, the game engine.


Batch files renaming w/ filename's shift

This should work:

for i in *mp3; do rename 's/(.+?)_(.+?)_(.+?)-(.+?)-(.+?)_(.+?)-(.+?)-(.+?).mp3/$8-$7-$6_$3-$4-$5_$1_$2.mp3/' "$i"; done

The parentheses capture patterns. The 1st captured match is $1, the 2nd $2 etc. So, the command above:

will look for everything up to the first _
.+? means match the shortest pattern possible because of the ?,
then everything up to the 2nd _ etc.
and renames accordingly.

I tested it with:

$ touch [name]_[phonenumber]_HH-mm-ss_dd-MM-yyyy.mp3
$ ls
[name]_[phonenumber]_HH-mm-ss_dd-MM-yyyy.mp3
$ for i in *mp3; do rename 's/(.+?)_(.+?)_(.+?)-(.+?)-(.+?)_(.+?)-(.+?)-(.+?).mp3/$8-$7-$6_$3-$4-$5_$1_$2.mp3/' "$i"; done
$ ls
yyyy-MM-dd_HH-mm-ss_[name]_[phonenumber].mp3


Support for Python3/GTK+3 appindicators in Unity 8?


Postfix fatal: open lock file /var/lib/postfix/master.lock: cannot open file: Permission denied

The file /var/lib/postfix/master.lock is used to ensure that only one copy of Postfix's "master" process is active. If Postfix shuts down cleanly, all /var/lib/postfix/*.lock files will be deleted. If Postfix does not shut down cleanly, some *.lock files will be left over.


I think I have fixed my issue, I believe the issue was that it would use either radeon's driver which was unstable (black screen) or fallback to llvmpipe drivers, in short I had to blacklist radeon and force amdgpu drivers.

I have managed to reboot 4 times without nomodeset with no issue occurring. I can now also customise my resolution/refresh rate, and both monitors are supported and functional. In the case of someone else finding this post through a search engine here are the steps I took that worked for me on my r9 390.

Install this PPA for the latest drivers - "https://launchpad.net/~oibaf/+archive/ubuntu/graphics-drivers"

then

sudo apt update && sudo apt -y upgrade

Add this to /etc/x11/xorg.conf or /etc/xorg.conf -

Section "Device"

      Identifier "AMDGPU"
      Driver "amdgpu"
      Option "AccelMethod" "glamor"
      Option "DRI" "3"

EndSection

I did 1&2 following this - "https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-install-the-latest-amd-radeon-drivers-on-ubuntu-18-04-bionic-beaver-linux"

Add this to /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf -

blacklist radeon

then

sudo update-initramfs -u

Add this to /etc/default/grub -

GRUB_GFXMODE=1920x1080x32

radeon.cik_support=0 radeon.si_support=0 amdgpu.si_support=1 amdgpu.cik_support=1 amdgpu.dc=1 amdgpu.dpm=1

then

sudo update-grub

Found step 4 from here -

"How to set Display Resolution while having to use "NOMODESET" on boot"

&

"https://community.amd.com/thread/220560"

This is what worked for me at the time of this post running Ubuntu 18.04. Black listing radeon may cause some issues if you do not have a driver installed, in my case black listing it caused Ubuntu to fall back to the llvmpipe drivers, so I had to add some lines to the grub file to use amdgpu as it was not automatically being used.


Why doesn't Document Viewer appear in the dash as an installed application?

You need to enable "evince" (or any other applications) in menu to search for it in dash. To do so you have to execute "alacarte", search the program you want and enable it, then logout. When you came back the application is searchable in dash.


Severe delay when performing "sudo apt-get update" after upgrade to 16.10

Change the software download server from us.archive.ubuntu.com to archive.ubuntu.com :

Update addressing your comment that you don't have this problem on your other machines :
Check the /etc/apt/sources.list and all entries in the /etc/apt/sources.list.d folder.
Remove all incorrect entries (in case there are some) and replace them with the original ones.
Then run sudo apt update again, now everything should work fine, just the way as expected.


Unable to connect to wireless network following upgrade to 15.04

I have been having similar issues (same wireless card). Here is what I did to fix it:

sudo service network-manager stop
gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

Add options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1 to file, save, and close. Then:

sudo rmmod iwlmvm iwlwifi
sudo modprobe iwlmvm iwlwifi
sudo service network-manager restart

This will inactivate Wireless N so network speed may be affected.

If that doesn't work undo what you did by:

gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

and delete the last line (options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1) and everything will be back to the way it was before.


How can I get wget to preserve sub-directory structure while ignoring parent directories?

Look at the -nHand --cut-dirsoption in wget. From the manpage:

   --cut-dirs=number
       Ignore number directory components.  This is useful for getting a fine-grained control over the directory where recursive retrieval will be saved.

       Take, for example, the directory at ftp://ftp.xemacs.org/pub/xemacs/.  If you retrieve it with -r, it will be saved locally under ftp.xemacs.org/pub/xemacs/.  While the -nH option can
       remove the ftp.xemacs.org/ part, you are still stuck with pub/xemacs.  This is where --cut-dirs comes in handy; it makes Wget not "see" number remote directory components.  Here are
       several examples of how --cut-dirs option works.
           No options        -> ftp.xemacs.org/pub/xemacs/
           -nH               -> pub/xemacs/
           -nH --cut-dirs=1  -> xemacs/
           -nH --cut-dirs=2  -> .

           --cut-dirs=1      -> ftp.xemacs.org/xemacs/
           ...

   If you just want to get rid of the directory structure, this option is similar to a combination of -nd and -P.  However, unlike -nd, --cut-dirs does not lose with subdirectories---for
   instance, with -nH --cut-dirs=1, a beta/ subdirectory will be placed to xemacs/beta, as one would expect.


Get read write access to windows partitions on internal hard drive

This is not an issue of file permissions. Changing settings via Nautilus won't help.

Newer Windows (8/8.1/10) use hybrid shutdown instead of regular shutdown. This makes them boot faster since the system is resuming from hibernation. But this creates problems when you try to use the partitions of hibernated windows with Linux.

To be able to access the Windows partitions from Linux, you should properly shutdown Windows.

To do that, open a command prompt windows as administrator, type and press enter

shutdown -s -t 00

You have to do this every time to need to access Windows partitions from Linux.

To turn the hybrid shutdown off permanently, open a command prompt as administrator, type and press enter

powercfg /h off

Read more about it here - Unable to mount Windows (NTFS) filesystem due to hibernation


Newest version of Openscad not correctly installing for Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

To get the latest version I had to use the following code:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:chrysn/openscad
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install openscad


External connection to Postgres 9.5 connection refused

A few things to try:

If you ssh to the box, login or su as postgres, can you than connect with psql -d test? That would test whether postgresql is running correctly. If not, see if you can find it in ps axf (and do a sudo service postgresql restart)
Above you refer to the "8.2" configuration tree. Perhaps you need to use the "9.5" tree? Easy to test with symlinks (ln -s 8.2 9.5)
You can do a telnet <your ip adres> <port> to check whether you can reach the address and port in question from your host

Hope this helps,
Jeroen


As @George Udosen said, within these three options, the option b) is the best. In all other mentioned cases you will need to maintain two OS. In addition the virtual hosts of Apache and Nginx cold share the same DocumentRoot directory and other resources if you need to test the same site under different circumstances (I'm not sure this is possible within Docker, but if you are using the native installation packages it is possible for sure).

If you have the both Apache and Nginx installed at the same time, no mater via Docker's containers or as native packages, you will have the following options:

1) If the both Apache and Nginx use the standard HTTP/S ports (80/443), then you can start/stop the servers depending on which you currently want to use.

2) If one of the servers listens on a custom port, you could access it through that port and in the same time you will be able to access the other on the standard port. In this case the booth servers can be simultaneously active.
For example let's assume Apache listen on 81 and Nginx listen on 80, then you will be able to access:

Apache via something like http://domain.com:81/ and
Nginx via http://domain.com/.

3) Using of reverse proxy is extension of the above case, where one of the servers listen on a custom port (let's say this is Apache) and the other that listen on the standard port (Nginx) is setup as reverse proxy. In this case you will be able to access:

Nginx via http://domain.com/ and
Apache via something like http://sub.domain.com/ that points to http://domain.com:81/.

In addition to this case the non standard port could be denied for public access via the firewall, thus you will need to maintain the security only for the web server that is accessible from outside.


sudo apt-get install curlftpfs

in terminal mount ftp resource:

curlftpfs [user@]host:[dir] mountpoint [options]

or in /etc/fstab:

curlftpfs#ftp.host.com /mnt/host fuse rw,uid=500,user,noauto 0 0


Black screen with logon prompt on Raspberry Pi 3b+

The support for the Raspberry Pi implies that you are installing Ubuntu Server by default. Use tasksel or apt (and friends) to install a desktop environment to your liking.

If you look at the official website you'll notice:

... so you get Ubuntu Server by default.

Oh, and in case you were wondering how to get into the system, simply follow the advice from the documentation:

  The login username is "ubuntu", password is "ubuntu". You will be
  asked to change the password on first login.

From there you should be able to either access tasksel via sudo tasksel or install it via sudo apt update && sudo apt install tasksel. I'm not sure whether tasksel is included by default, as I don't have the image handy at the moment.


can i uninstall software centre from 14.04?

Solution to your problem is the following command.

sudo apt-get remove software-center

Note: Your question is a possible duplicate of How do I remove the Ubuntu Software Center?


How to correctly restore factory condition on ACER laptop?

It is not possible as far as I know when you do a restore windows will wipe out ubuntu and you will have to reinstall it but you could clone ubuntu using clonezilla so you will be able to put ubuntu right back on without losing important files or settings and it is fast and easy to put ubuntu back on your computer using clonezilla.

clonezilla


Backlight not on during Ubuntu 11.10 Installation HP Folio 13

Press shift key when you see the little human and keyboard icon. Then choose your keyboard and press f6 then esc. You should see a text line. Add to this line "acpi_backlight=vendor" then run the install or try.

Remember that you must add in the grub file "acpi_backlight=vendor" when you restart your computer at the end of the install.

For more details go to : http://labo.eliaz.fr/spip.php?article94


Firefox problems with refreshing content on screen

Try to start firefox with add-ons disabled. If that works, some add-on is causing it. Otherwise, you may try starting it in safe-mode.


How to install chrome autosave extension?

ok I have solved my problem. I found a better extension. that is Tincr. you can edit and autosave js and css files on chrome dev tools. that is absolutely so useful. here is the link. maybe some people need this as I need. click here


Why does Ubuntu create a guest group when guest account has been disabled?

I had the same problem and used the command
sudo deluser --remove-all-files guest-xxxxxx followed by sudo deluser -group guest-xxxxxx. It worked.

The man-page for the above is :
http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/man8/deluser.8.html


Why can't I access Windows from Grub after installing Ubuntu?

Use Boot-Repair, Boot-Repair is a one-click solution that detects currently installed operating systems and updates grub configuration.


Ubuntu 14.04 / Windows 7 Pro dual boot can't connect to wired internet after Windows boot

Also bothered by this issue for a week before finally finding the solution.

The problem is caused by that, the Windows driver configures the ethernet card to a specific state while Ubuntu is trying to initialize the card from fresh and fails.

Solution:

Download the newest driver from the Intel site.
Remove any existent Ethernet card driver on Windows and install the downloaded driver.
Go to "Power management" tab in the ethernet card configuration
dialog, uncheck all options and click OK.

The first time you do this you will have to wait for some time before the Internet connection is re-established. After the Internet connection is up, reboot into Ubuntu and test. Everything should be fine now.


Simply put support for Colorovo tablet never even existed.


how to see in terminal if i run ubuntu from external usb hdd?

You can check df of your directory root:
$ df --output=source /
Filesystem
/dev/sdb1

Or use mount:
$ mount | awk '$3=="/"'
/dev/sdb1 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered)

If you don't know that your USB drive is /dev/sdb1, check output of lsblk, e.g.:
lsblk -ln -o NAME,MOUNTPOINT,MODEL,SERIAL


Changing Network Interfaces name Ubuntu 16.04

There is a lot of misleading information about how to change network names in recent versions of Ubuntu. Some information points to systemd.link, which is just wrong because Ubuntu (as of 16.04) does not use this part of systemd.

Actually, changing interface name works nearly like it used to, with two small differences: First, the file /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules now has to be created manually. This has the advantage that you do not have to worry about any script overwriting this file and can simply add the lines that you need (you do not need any comments either). Second - and this is the change that cost me a lot of time to figure it out - the format changed slightly compared to Ubuntu 14.04 LTS:

The line for fixing the interface name of the NIC with MAC address "02:01:02:03:04:05" to "eth0" is now:

SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="02:01:02:03:04:05", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", NAME="eth0"

This line looks nearly the same as in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS with one slight difference: In Ubuntu 14.04, there was the additional condition KERNEL=="eth*". For some reason, this does not work in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS. If this additional condition is present, the whole line is ignored and you are back to the default behavior (as specified in 80-net-setup-link.rules).


Problems in printing from HP 3516 Wireless

open "Printers" at the system dropdown menu, right click the icon that corresponds to your HP Deskjet Ink Advantage 3516 printer, select "properties", at the "Manufacturer and Model" box click at the "Change" button, let it search for the printer driver, when the manufacturers list shows up, select "HP", when the models list shows up, select the following model:

Deskjet Ink Adv 2010 k010, hpcups 3.12.2

Confirm the selection and finish the configurations, allowing to copy the fresh PPD (losing your previous configurations).

This will work properly.

Regards.


How can i use my realtek 802.11n USB adapter on Ubuntu 18.04.3LTS without the use of Internet?

This just short Tutorial for NEWBIE (like me!) for installing driver USB Wifi driver for Linux Debian and it’s derivatives (Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Pop! OS, Elementary OS, etc.)
When you're switch to new OS distro or updating OS or accidently delete some part of software sometimes your Wifi driver are no support / no working and got blank your mind ... Yup thats right !
First STEP to do :

You only need YOUR SMARTPHONES and make sure also they have “Internet Mobile Data”.
Then you need to opened “Developer Options” on your smartphone to do that first before.
Open your phone “Settings” and find it “About Phone” and selected “Version Number” and then now repeated click up to (7x) seven times.
Inside “Developer Options” find it or scrolling to the “Network” and selected “Select USB Configuration” and then select again to the “USB Ethernet (RNDIS)”.
After this all you need is USB cable connected to your PC or Laptop and it’s done, now you ready online!

Second STEP to do :

Installing GDebi (I’m using Geary on Pop! OS that are the same software). You can find GDebi in Ubuntu Software Center,  just search for it and install it from there.
Then installing the latest “realtek-rtl88xxau-dkms” deb package from Kali’s repository.
After this just type in your linux terminal “sudo reboot” to rebooting your PC or Laptop.
It’s done , just try to check it out !

I’m trying many times using this method when i switching to new OS distros or update Linux Kernel. This really saving my times and work to do! Thanks for your time to read this !
Source :

https://http.kali.org/kali/pool/contrib/r/realtek-rtl88xxau-dkms/

https://developer.android.com/studio/debug/dev-options

https://itsfoss.com/gdebi-default-ubuntu-software-center/


You do not have a long boot time. By comparison here are my Ubuntu 16.04 results on i7-6700HQ CPU with NVMe SSD:

$ systemd-analyze
Startup finished in 7.060s (firmware) + 20.694s (loader) + 2.574s (kernel) + 8.688s (userspace) = 39.017s

$ systemd-analyze blame
          9.241s apt-daily.service
          5.159s udev-configure-printer@-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:14.0-usb1-1\x2d1-1\x2d1.
          3.123s apt-daily-upgrade.service
          1.304s dev-nvme0n1p6.device
          1.287s gpu-manager.service
          1.165s colord.service
           334ms upower.service
           272ms mnt-d.mount
           172ms systemd-journal-flush.service
           141ms rc-local.service
           112ms snapd.service
           109ms console-setup.service
           107ms networking.service
            96ms accounts-daemon.service
            95ms systemd-udev-trigger.service
            83ms systemd-logind.service
            73ms irqbalance.service
            68ms apport.service
            63ms apparmor.service
            60ms virtualbox.service
            58ms ondemand.service
            52ms NetworkManager.service
            50ms grub-common.service
            50ms speech-dispatcher.service
            47ms thermald.service
            44ms alsa-restore.service
            40ms keyboard-setup.service
            39ms systemd-journald.service
            34ms rsyslog.service


Ubuntu 13.10 not booting when installed on a partion on my external USB 1TB drive plugged to a Windows 8.1 laptop

Try Unetbootin to create bootable usb drives.

download unetbootin for windows from here.
execute .exe file.after installation,you will see a window like below.

now select the iso file from Diskimage option
select appropriate Usb drive and click ok.
the later steps are automatic.
once finished,restart your pc and now boot the usb drive.

  Note:-
  only fat32 partition on usb drive is supported.
  if you have multiple fat32 partitions,ensure to select appropriate partition by remembering its drive letter.


will you be able to drag unwanted files unto the trash on the unity Launcher?


You can check it whether ufw is enabled on startup by following command.

sudo systemctl list-unit-files | grep -i ufw

You can enable on startup using following command.

sudo systemctl enable ufw