How do I create a quicklist for Ubuntu Tweak?

The newest versions of Ubuntu Tweak now have a couple of command line parameters which you could exploit to create a quicklist.

By default - ubuntu-tweak has already a quicklist for various features:

running ubuntu-tweak -h:

Usage: ubuntu-tweak [options]

Ubuntu Tweak is a tool for Ubuntu that makes it easy to configure your system
and desktop settings.

Options:
  --version             show program's version number and exit
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -d, --debug           Generate more debugging information.  [default: False]
  -m MODULE, --module=MODULE
                        Start module directly.  [default: ]
  -f FEATURE, --feature=FEATURE
                        Start feature directly.  [default: ]

Features - ubuntu-tweak -f [feature-name]

   overview
   tweaks
   admins
   janitor

Modules - ubuntu-tweak -m "[ClassName"]

This is useful if you have any plugins installed.

Thus you can copy /usr/share/applications/ubuntutweak.desktop to ~/.local/share/applications and add any plugins that you may have installed to add to the default quicklist.

See the Linked Question for an example of how to create a quicklist by passing parameters such as a plugin module name to the ubuntu-tweak executable.

Linked Question:

How do I make a quicklist for umplayer?


How can I make Citrix Workspace Client session span multiple monitors

I know this is old, but I'm working on similar issues now and thought it might be helpful. In this case wfica is the program that runs the .ica file that you download from the web interface. The error message indicates that it cannot find the file it is supposed to run. So you need to provide the path to the downloaded file after wfica and before the modifiers.


I hate to be "Mr. Obvious" but I say this from direct experience.

RAM

My wife and I both have these units running 12.04. I left hers at default memory levels, but I upgraded my unit to 8GB of RAM. You can go as high as 16GB of RAM!

The difference is noticeable, especially when running video, streaming, etc.

You'll need a small Phillips-head screwdriver and the appropriate RAM sticks. Here is a video tutorial from someone who is running Chrubuntu on their Acer C7.

http://youtu.be/EbkRHuzstWM


How can I find my Bug-report on launchpad that I submitted from the Desktop?


Can I dual boot both windows 10 and ubuntu 16.04 on an NVMe m.2 ssd?

I managed to do this on an Asus motherboard 3 years ago with UEFI on board and it worked fine until next Win 10 upgrade which destroyed Grub.
I still managed to recover it, but recently I received a message that my version of Win 10 (a perfectly legal purchase 3 years old) would end support on October this year, inviting me to install a new release. I did it, and since then good bye Mint (the Linux version I am using) as it boots Win 10 only.
I am really fed up by this and this is why I do not recommend dual boot with Windows: it might work well for a while after a fresh install, but only until next Win upgrade...
So my conclusion is that you should not perform any Win 10 update (at least major ones) if you want to keep a dual boot that really works.


Where is the header file ptp_clock_kernel.h?

The header file isn't in this kernel package, please don't ask me why.

linux-headers-3.13.0-24 (Trusty)
linux-headers-3.19.0-15 (Vivid)
linux-headers-4.2.0-16 (Wily)

but not for linux-generic-lts-vivid.


I have noticed that you have a 32 GB swap partition. Try shrinking your swap partition down to 2 GB or so, and expanding the root partition to fill up the free space created on your drive.
By the way, in case you think that having a big huge swap partition will give you more RAM, swap doesn't work that way. It just acts as space on your drive to move inactive data in your RAM to.
Also, I believe deleting Btrfs snapshots is as simple as running sudo apt-btrfs-snapshot delete.
*I've never tried this command myself (because I've never used Btrfs, and hence never needed to try this command). So don't take my word for it.


For anyone else interested, I was having this same issue on Ubuntu 18.04 on two separate devices. I tried reinstalling mandb, groff, and manpages, but none of these worked. However, when I tried env -i TERM=$TERM /usr/bin/man <command> (like @muru suggested) the manual pages appeared. I then modified my /.bashrc with an alias to this command. While it's not a cure to the problem, it is an acceptable workaround for me.


Check your software sources, the Other Software tab....I noticed the upgrade unchecked the entries there for my purchases.  Check there and re-check the boxes.  Maybe that will do it.


If you are trying to create a symlink to some local version of Swift and to place that link under /usr/local/bin, the solution would be:
ln -s swift-5.3.3-RELEASE-ubuntu20.04/usr/bin/swift /usr/local/bin/swift


Can't install Nvidia drivers on Ubuntu 18.04

I have a pc with an old Geforce 6800 card and I have managed to successfully install the 32bit Nvidia 304.137 driver for it on Lubuntu 18.04; all thanks to a community patch. Here is the procedure.

Install build tools

$ sudo apt install gcc make build-essential gcc-multilib dkms mesa-utils

Download driver from https://www.nvidia.com/Download/driverResults.aspx/123708/en-us

Download patch from https://adufray.com/nvidia-304.137-bionic-18.04.patch

Extract archive, place patch into extracted folder and apply patch

$ ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-304.137.run -x
$ cd ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-304.137
$ patch -p1 < nvidia-304.137-bionic-18.04.patch

Disable nouveau driver and reboot

$ sudo -i
# cat << END > /etc/modprobe.d/disable-nouveau.conf
blacklist nouveau
blacklist vga16fb
blacklist rivafb
blacklist nvidiafb
blacklist rivatv
blacklist amd76_edac
options nouveau modeset=0
END
# update-initramfs -u
# reboot

Stop x-server
Logout
Bring up terminal with Ctrl-Alt-F1, login

$ sudo -i
# service lightdm stop
# init 3

Install NVidia driver
Ignore the first warning about preinstall failing, agree to driver recompilation on kernel update and to configuration files update. Reboot.

# ./nvidia-installer
# reboot

Driver should be working now. Check with the following:

$ lshw -c video 2>&1 | grep driver

Should output "configuration: driver=nvidia"

There is one small problem though. Apparently Nvidia driver installs it's own version of libvdpau, which does not work with mplayer. That's why we need to forcefully reinstall libvdpau (and possibly need to do this on kernel update, because driver will recompile and reinstall it's own, non-functioning version for this library?)

$ sudo apt --reinstall install libvdpau1

References:
Compiling nVidia 304.137 on Ubuntu 18.04: https://adufray.com/blog/2018/06/02/nvidia-304-127-on-bionic
How to install NVIDIA.run?: How to install NVIDIA.run?

PS: This post is basically a duplicate of my post at ubuntu-mate.community, but since installing 304 Nvidia driver on Lubuntu 18.04 is a very common problem, I have decided to make additional post on askubuntu.


What is the difference between /etc/init/ and /etc/init.d/?

/etc/init.d contains scripts used by the System V init tools (SysVinit). This is the traditional service management package for Linux, containing the init program (the first process that is run when the kernel has finished initializing¹) as well as some infrastructure to start and stop services and configure them. Specifically, files in /etc/init.d are shell scripts that respond to start, stop, restart, and (when supported) reload commands to manage a particular service. These scripts can be invoked directly or (most commonly) via some other trigger (typically the presence of a symbolic link in /etc/rc?.d/).

/etc/init contains configuration files used by Upstart. Upstart is a young service management package championed by Ubuntu. Files in /etc/init are configuration files telling Upstart how and when to start, stop, reload the configuration, or query the status of a service. As of lucid, Ubuntu is transitioning from SysVinit to Upstart, which explains why many services come with SysVinit scripts even though Upstart configuration files are preferred. In fact, the SysVinit scripts are processed by a compatibility layer in Upstart.

.d in directory names typically indicates a directory containing many configuration files or scripts for a particular situation (e.g. /etc/apt/sources.list.d contains files that are concatenated to make a virtual sources.list; /etc/network/if-up.d contains scripts that are executed when a network interface is activated). This structure is usually used when each entry in the directory is provided by a different source, so that each package can deposit its own plug-in without having to parse a single configuration file to reference itself. In this case, it just happens that “init” is a logical name for the directory, SysVinit came first and used init.d, and Upstart used plain init for a directory with a similar purpose (it would have been more “mainstream”, and perhaps less arrogant, if they'd used /etc/upstart.d instead).

¹ not counting initrd


My ubuntu doesnt accept my login password!

So you removed a lot ;)

I suggest to download Ubuntu Live (download ISO file from Ubuntu site), upload it to USB stick and run it. Then check what's left in the folder you have been working with. If that was your home dir, then restore it (create it if needed) and try to reboot.

https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-windows
https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu

Good luck with fixing. Merry Christmas


Update Manager message "New Hardware Support is Available"

It's simple, really. Ubuntu 14.04 is now out, so what the Ubuntu developers did was make an update that makes Ubuntu 12.04 compatible with all of the same hardware Ubuntu 14.04 is compatible with in the form of an update. This makes Ubuntu 12.04 work with more computers, but if you're already running Ubuntu 12.04 just fine and all of your hardware is working properly, then this update probably won't do anything beneficial to you. I still strongly recommend that you install it anyway, even if all of your hardware is working right.


How can I configure network manager (via command line) to only ever connect to a wireless network with a particular ssid?

You can connect to a network with the command line:

nmcli con up id <connection name>

And list the available connections with:

nmcli con show

I'm however not sure if this is what you're asking - if you want to stop connecting to the wrong network you should just delete it. You can do this with:

nmcli con delete id <connection name>

Or by clicking on the networking indicator and deleting the connection from the "Edit Connections..." dialog.


Error occuring while setting up the mysql database in production

Solved as there was indentation errors in database.yml file.


how to improve performance of Ubuntu 12.10?

Yeah, I don't think zram would help you at all, unless your physical memory usage is being capped (which it likely isn't for file transfers).

It might possibly be related to the driver in-use for the hard drive controller (assuming SATA). May need more information though, like laptop specs, and/or model.


I think you should Check out Wubi, Download the 12.04 isntaller because it will let you install it inside windows and try it natively out without irreparable changes.

but yes you can boot into each OS.

You will not be able to use programs written for windows (office etc) right off the bat in ubuntu. Check out Play on linux in the software center. It lets you run windows apps on scripts. if you have any other questions lemme know!


qemu-kvm connact install ubuntu 18.04 64 bit

This answer is from comments -

I would check your system is full upgraded; as the package your error shows is not current for Ubuntu 18.04 (bionic provides 7.8 & -updates provides 7.9 - packages.ubuntu.com/…) Either you haven't full-upgraded; or you have non-Ubuntu source that has provided qemu-kvm that requires older sources than your Ubuntu uses

Mirror information was provided leading to -

I had a look at https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archivemirrors and yes the mirror you provided is there but "last update unknown". I then compared the contents of what was in some of the directories for your mirror with the mirror I use (and some of your  mirror's packages were EOL & shouldn't be there [more evidence of out-of-date state of mirror]), and your mirror had only a fraction of the current packages that were in my own chosen mirror.

I'd suggest changing your source/mirror to the main, or another more regularly updated (using aforementioned link). In my opinion your mirror is the problem and it needs change.


You have to set the port forward in the Oracle VM Manager.
Select the VM, then the gear (settings), in network you should find the forwarding button.

You have to do this because VBox by default creates a virtual internal network and NATs the traffic through. These settings tell VBox which ports to forward from your local network. Example for ssh and docker compose:

As you see, you don't even have to change the port numbers on the virtual guest. The Guest Ip can be found in the virtual machine, ex via ifconfig.

In case you want to access the machine from the whole network you might need an additional forward in your windows host, or as said change the Attached to to bridged adapter. In the latter case the VM will be directly visible on the card you select to bridge to.


How to get the name of connected ios phone in Linux using command

In mac ,Carbon cocoa is used . then all the objective-c headers files are used.
in Linux, carbon-cocoa is not used.so that objective-c headers files are not supported in Linux.


Devices by 100% usage - How can I solve this problem?

This just means that you have all those devices enabled. So, it says that it's active 100% of the time and this is not a problem (on the contrary, it's a good thing).

In fact you should see man powertop to see what exactly is the purpose of this command. And see How to tweak Powertop to reduce power consumption? in this sense.


Do all NVIDIA graphics cards support CUDA?

See https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus for a list of which CUDA release is supported by which card.  Your Quadro K2200, has a compute capability of 3.0.  Check the fine print on each CUDA release to see if that is sufficient, if not, drop back a release.


Unable to install/remove any Application/package in UBUNTU 12.04 LTS, error: JAVA_HOME

Read the error message carefully. It tells you that on line 3 of /etc/environment the subshell tries to execute the command JAVA_HOME, and fails. You (or your system manager) tried to add definitions for JAVA_HOME and CLASSPATH variables to /etc/environment, but mistyped the input. It should be:

JAVA_HOME="usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/bin"
CLASSPATH="usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/bin:/home/something etc"

(no blanks on either side of the "=", no initial colon (signifies the empty entry. Thanks @salarcot895)


Unable to copy downloaded java from oracle web site to local?

This is related to permissions:

$ ls -ld /usr/local/
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Sep  4  2014 /usr/local/

As you can see the directory /usr/local/ is owned by user root and group root so you are not able to just copy any file to this directory as a normal user.

To overcome permissions you should use sudo:

sudo cp ~/Downloads/java* /usr/local

If you want to copy/paste in GUI mode using Ctrl+c , Ctrlv then use this trick.

From your terminal run nautilus as root:

sudo nautilus

This will open your file manager nautilus to use as root, then you can just copy /paste as you want.

But be careful a simple error here will be a disaster


To add to sagarchalise's answer, I can summarize what the link suggests as appropriate places for settings.

For global settings, system-wide environment variables

Use /etc/environment
Don't use /etc/profile or /etc/bash.bashrc

From the page:

  /etc/environment [...] is
  specifically meant for system-wide
  environment variable settings. It is
  not a script file, but rather consists
  of assignment expressions, one per
  line. Specifically, this file stores
  the system-wide locale and path
  settings.

Using /etc/profile is a very Unix-y way to go, but its functionality is greatly reduced under Ubuntu. It exists only to point to /etc/bash.bashrc and to collect entries from /etc/profile.d.

On my system, the only interesting entry entry in profile.d is /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh.

For local or per-user settings

The Ubuntu page recommends ~/.pam_environment, which is loaded by the PAM system when your session is started (TTY, GUI, SSH, etc.). It is the user-equivalent of /etc/environment and uses the same syntax. The link suggests alternatives if that doesn't work:

~/.profile for most shells. This file may also be applied to your GUI session by the display manager, but this need not be the case for all display managers or display servers (X11 vs Wayland) or sessions.

And bash-specific:

~/.bash_profile or ~./bash_login - If one of these exists, bash executes it instead of ~/.profile when bash is started as a login shell. Bash will prefer ~/.bash_profile to  ~/.bash_login. [...] These files won't influence a graphical session by default."
~/.bashrc - "... may be the easiest place to set variables".


How to create dynamic disks .qcow2 as it happens with VDI?

You can convert the existing disk in a new disk (that uses preallocation=off) with the following command:
qemu-img convert -f qcow2 -O qcow2 -o preallocation=off vol.qcow2 newdisk.qcow2
where:

the -f format flag specifies the format of the input disk
the -O format flag specifies the format of the output disk
the -o flag is used to specify some options for the output file, such as  the way data is allocated (in this case, no data preallocation)

Then use the new disk in place of the original disk:

rename vol.qcow2 as vol.qcow2.bak just to backup it. Delete it only when you are sure that newdisk.qcow2 works as expected.
rename newdisk.qcow2 as vol.qcow2

If you want to create a dynamic virtual disk from scratch, you can run this command:
qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o preallocation=off <disk-name> <disk-size>
where:

disk-name is the name of the dynamic virtual disk
disk-size is the maximum disk size (you can use k, M, G, T, P or E as suffixes)


How do I add an icon to an app that doesn't have one?

The icon for eric is set in /usr/share/applications/eric.desktop:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Eric python IDE
Name[es]=IDE para python Eric
Comment=Full featured Python IDE
Comment[es]=Completo entorno de programaci贸n para Python
Exec=eric
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=eric
Categories=Development;IDE;
StartupNotify=true

On disk this appears to be:

/usr/share/pixmaps/eric.xpm

On my system eric is showing the proper icon in the dash, no idea why yours isn't doing that, but from looking at the default icon you might want to just set another one:


You're using the wrong format for SMB Domain URIs. The valid one is available here.

In short, you want it to be in this format:

smb://[domain;]user[:password]@server/share

Or, in your specific case, your URI would look like:

smb://AD;Archemar@localnas/path/to/dir

Replace what you currently have with this and try to use your .desktop file. Note, as mentioned above, you can also include your password, but note that it will be stored in plaintext, which may be an unacceptable security risk.


Understanding output of lvdisplay in LVM/Linux

I got my answer here

open - how many processes are currently using the device.

For example if you run dd if=/dev/rootvg/swaplv of=/dev/null, dd will open the swaplv. The # open will increase by 1. Once dd terminates, # open decreases by 1. If # open is 0, nothing is using it and the LV can be safely deactivated.

Segments refers to fragmentation of LV. If you grow the LV, but there is no consecutive space available, it will create a new segment in a free part of your physical volume(s). The number of segments is the number of fragments so to speak.

For example my HDD/TV LV has 4 segments and it looks like this:

 lvs -o lv_name,size,seg_size,devices HDD/TV
  LV   LSize SSize   Devices
  TV   2.10t 698.56g /dev/dm-8(0)
  TV   2.10t 698.56g /dev/dm-3(0)
  TV   2.10t 698.56g /dev/dm-2(0)
  TV   2.10t  52.31g /dev/dm-1(32)

So the total size of 2.1t is achieved by 3 segments with 698.56g each, plus one segment of 52.31g.


You should always use the 64-bit version if your CPU supports it.

64-bit (x64) has many advantages over 32-bit (x86). Also, 64-bit CPU's have backwards compatibility for 32-bit.

Read more about 64-bit on Ubuntu's wiki for example.

One problem may be that you can't run all 32-bit programs on your 64-bit Ubuntu by default. This can be easily fixed by installing the 32-bit libraries (which is explained on the wiki page I refered to).


Your virtualbox installation under Windows 10 is completely independent of a dual boot Ubuntu installation. You will not overwrite anything of the Windows 10 partition, except when you overwrite it all by deleting the Windows partition. So if you're not certain what you're doing, don't do that unless you have a good backup!

Now because you already have a dual boot setup for your wife, you seem to know what you do.

When you start up Windows 10, everything should be as it was. Of course you should resize the partition, make the Windows partition smaller to reserve space for the Ubuntu partitions. Then the Ubuntu installation will recognize the Windows partition and offer to use the other space, set up a dual boot installation. That should be pretty easy, but again - if you're not sure and you may mess up important work - make sure you will not delete important files. Better stay with that VM for a while until you're sure! (Sorry for all those "sures"! ;-) )


permission denied error on command "cd" IN een bash script

The error sh: 2: /media/fritzmedia/Elements/ubuntubackup: Permission denied means that in line 2 sh tried to execute /media/fritzmedia/Elements/ubuntubackup but failed to because it had no execution permission.

The problem is that you have a line break in the command handed to shell_exec. You should get rid of that and have everything on one line.

It would be even better if you didn't use shell_exec at all because it's prone to code injection in connection with potentially user-controlled values like $_SESSION['lastbackup']. You should at least pass it through escapeshellcmd. However, in this case your shell script can be re-implemented in PHP trivially.


How can I get notifications of new emails?

That type of program is known as biff, so that might help in searching.
Here is a biff that works on Gnome for Gmail: cGmail


What can I do to get network-manager working on 20.04?

this is the commands that enabling or disabling network manager:

sudo service network-manager start - starting network-manager.
sudo service network-manager stop - stops network manager.
sudo service network-manager restart - restarts network manager.

i recommend using the restart command to re-active the network-manager.

you can also try the following commands:

sudo /etc/init.d/networking stop - to stop networking.service.
sudo /etc/init.d/networking start - to start networking.service.
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart - to restart networking.service.

please try this commands out and see if the problem fixed.

please use this two commands for networking status and post it on comments:

sudo systemctl status network-manager.service
ifconfig


Try this command:

dpkg -l '*wine*' | tail -n+6 | tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f2

It should list all installed wine packages on your system.

You can then run apt-get remove on them.

This command combines the above command and apt-get remove
(read what packages will be removed carefully):

sudo apt-get remove $(dpkg -l '*wine*' | tail -n+6 | tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f2 | tr '\n' ' ')


Which of the major Desktop Environments are known to "hurt" each other, if installed simultaneously?

I have unity, gnome 3, cinnamon, xfce, lxde, kde4 installed and have no problems. Just don't run distribution setups like xubuntu kubuntu-full, etc

You might run into a problem on a low resolution monitor which is lightdm the one unity uses won't be able to display all at once. If that happens run the following

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm and switch it to gdm, kde, or something besides lightdm.

I find cinammon the best, especially if your coming from windows. And it looks beautiful and simpler than kde. xfce4 is 2ed choice and I would reccomend if you have a low end system. Forget about unity, gnome3 to introduce to linux. Also tell your friend to check out this video before trying cinnamon or to watch any of her videos for desktop environments or distributions to try. Mom tries it and loves it, was also her favourite OS after her son got her into linux in this video.


It's probably a script running in the background.

You have 2 options:

1) Remove whatever is changing your hostname.

2) Change your hostname in /etc/hostname and run sudo chattr +i /etc/hostname to prevent it from being changed.


You should create your own repository, put that online, and then add the repository to your repository list.


Do you know of any text editors that are dual paned?

From my personal experience I can recommend to use Kate (sudo apt-get install kate) - it has many options in View → Split View:

Also you can try JEdit (sudo apt-get install jedit), it allows to have splits in View → Splitting:

or Notepadqq (sudo add-apt-repository ppa:notepadqq-team/notepadqq, sudo apt-get update, sudo apt-get install notepadqq), it has View → Move/Clone Current Document → Move to Other View option:

or JuffEd (sudo apt-get install juffed-plugins), it has Move to the right panel and Move to the left panel:


How to send terminal command to a TTY terminal

This is a program that will help:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

void print_help(char *prog_name) {
        printf("Usage: %s [-n] DEVNAME COMMAND\n", prog_name);
        printf("Usage: '-n' is an optional argument if you want to push a new line at the end of the text\n");
        printf("Usage: Will require 'sudo' to run if the executable is not setuid root\n");
        exit(1);
}

int main (int argc, char *argv[]) {
    char *cmd, *nl = "\n";
    int i, fd;
    int devno, commandno, newline;
    int mem_len;
    devno = 1; commandno = 2; newline = 0;
    if (argc < 3) {
        print_help(argv[0]);
    }
    if (argc > 3 && argv[1][0] == '-' && argv[1][1] == 'n') {
        devno = 2; commandno = 3; newline=1;
    } else if (argc > 3 && argv[1][0] == '-' && argv[1][1] != 'n') {
        printf("Invalid Option\n");
        print_help(argv[0]);
    }
    fd = open(argv[devno],O_RDWR);
    if(fd == -1) {
        perror("open DEVICE");
        exit(1);
    }
    mem_len = 0;
    for ( i = commandno; i < argc; i++ ) {
        mem_len += strlen(argv[i]) + 2;
        if ( i > commandno ) {
            cmd = (char *)realloc((void *)cmd, mem_len);
        } else { //i == commandno
            cmd = (char *)malloc(mem_len);
        }

        strcat(cmd, argv[i]);
        strcat(cmd, " ");
    }
  if (newline == 0)
        usleep(225000);
    for (i = 0; cmd[i]; i++)
        ioctl (fd, TIOCSTI, cmd+i);
    if (newline == 1)
        ioctl (fd, TIOCSTI, nl);
    close(fd);
    free((void *)cmd);
    exit (0);
}

Copy the above code to some C file (For eg. ttyecho.c). Run the following command in the directory you have created the C file in to compile the code.

make ttyecho

Copy this file to the bin directory under your Home Directory. Create the directory if it doesn’t exist. Its a good practice to keep all custom binaries/executables in this bin directory.

Start another terminal or switch to any other open terminal that you wish to control and execute the command tty. You can see a sample output below.

@~$ tty

  /dev/pts/5

Now to execute a command on /dev/pts/5, run the following command in the controlling/original terminal.

sudo ttyecho -n /dev/pts/5 ls

You will see that the ls command is executed in /dev/pts/5. The -n option makes ttyecho send a newline after the command, so that the command gets executed and not just inserted. This utility can infact be used to send any data to other terminals For eg, you could open vim in /dev/pts/5 and then run the following command in the controlling terminal to cause vim to exit in /dev/pts/5.

sudo ttyecho -n /dev/pts/5 :q

To avoid using sudo all the time, so that the command is easily scriptable, change the owners/permissions of this executable using the following commands.

sudo chown root:root ttyecho
sudo chmod u+s ttyecho

NB:Setting the setuid bit can become a security risk.

Source: http://www.humbug.in/2010/utility-to-send-commands-or-data-to-other-terminals-ttypts/


I ran into this same error on my Ubuntu 15.10 server but did not want to install the non-headless version of OpenJDK due to the number of additional dependencies. A simpler solution was to simply disable assistive technologies.

This can be done by editing the accessibility.properties file for OpenJDK 8 (change the version to whichever is actually in use on your system):

sudo vim /etc/java-8-openjdk/accessibility.properties

Comment out the following line:

#assistive_technologies=org.GNOME.Accessibility.AtkWrapper

Also you can edit this line programmatically:

sudo sed -i -e '/^assistive_technologies=/s/^/#/' /etc/java-*-openjdk/accessibility.properties


Issue with Openshot after ugraded from 18.04 to 20.04

You have to purge the PPA and use official packages instead.
Use the commands below:
sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:openshot.developers/ppa

sudo apt-get install openshot-qt


Nvidia-173 driver package comes with a wrong and useless nvidia-settings app

Solved it Myself This Way

I have found an unorthodox but working solution to link nvidia-173 to its native nvidia-settings package. As always, Debian developers and maintainers will fix almost anything because they are still the best out there. There is a .deb package for nvidia-settings-173.14.39 32bit available on this page. If you need the 64bit package, you can find it on this page.

Unfortunately, there is no way Gdebi will install the .deb package but fortunately there is a solution to make the correct 'nvidia-settings' package version 173.14.39 work with the nvidia-173 driver from the Ubuntu repositories.

Use this solution only after you install/activate the nvidia-173 driver package present in the Ubuntu repositories. It will work for any version of Ubuntu 32bit, Ubuntu 14.04 included.

First thing to do is to completely remove the useless nvidia-settings version 331 or whatever version comes together with nvidia-173 driver package. This can be done using Synaptic or from a terminal window:

  sudo apt-get remove nvidia-settings

and after that you can run

  sudo apt-get autoremove

to remove the rest of the packages which are incompatible with nvidia-173 like 'nvidia resolution extra' and similar.

Next you can download the nvidia-settings-legacy-173xx_173.14.39-1~bpo70+1_i386.deb package from the link provided above, and extract the files in a temporary folder named nvidia in your user home directory.

Inside the .deb archive there are 2 folders, one is named DEBIAN, and contains files that are not needed for the actual job, so leave it as it is. The other folder is labeled USR and this one includes both the .png image file useful for editing the nvidia-settings.desktop file, and also includes the actual nvidia-settings files which are present in a subfolder from the archive, namely inside USR/lib/nvidia/legacy-173xx.

You should log out and login again as root, and copy all the files except for nvidia-settings.desktop file from nvidia temporary folder to this folder:

   /usr/lib/nvidia-173.

I am talking of course about files contained inside the temporary nvidia folder from your user home directory which are located in USR/lib/nvidia/legacy-173xx.

Next you have to copy the nvidia-settings.desktop file to

   /usr/share/applications

and edit this file to look like this:

  [Desktop Entry]
  Version=1.0
  Type=Application
  Exec=/usr/bin/nvidia-settings
  Terminal=false
  Categories=HardwareSettings;System;Settings;
  Icon=/usr/share/icons/nvidia-settings-legacy-173xx.png
  Name=NVIDIA X Server Settings
  Comment=Configure NVIDIA X Server Settings

Next you must copy the nvidia-settings-legacy-173xx.png image file from your nvidia temporary folder located in your user home directory (the image file is present in USR/share/pixmaps/) to:

   /usr/share/icons/

Finally, navigate to /usr/lib/nvidia-173/ and right-click the 'nvidia-settings' file and make a shortcut for this file (choose 'Send to Desktop' from the right-click menu). Move 'nvidia-settings' shortcut from your desktop to /usr/bin/. If you choose just to copy-paste the file, you should delete 'nvidia-settings' shortcut from your desktop after you finished copying the file inside /usr/bin/.

It won't be difficult because, remember, you are still logged in as root. After you finished with all that, you can log out, and login again with your usual username and password.

And you're done. You can access 'nvidia-settings' from your Settings Manager or you can open 'nvidia-settings' if you type in a terminal window the following code:

   sudo nvidia-settings

You can change all settings that you think you need to change, and Power Mizer will also be active and functional.

NOTE: I did not test this solution with Ubuntu 64bit. If, after activating the driver, there is a folder named nvidia-173 present in /usr/lib/ then I suppose it could work for 64bit version too. If nvidia-173 folder is located somewhere else or labeled with a different name then you should adjust the commands and the entries for editing nvidia-settings.desktop file accordingly.


No maximize option available on the title bar for `darktable`

I had the same problem on my laptop with a 1366x768 screen. It seems that if the window is "forced" to be larger than screen, it can't be maximized.
The solution was to reduce the size of both side toolbars and then reduce the main darktable window's width. After that, the maximize button appeared.


You can run Chromium with a modified user agent string using a command line argument. To pretend you are using Internet Explorer on Windows, run (Alt+F2 then paste):

chromium-browser --user-agent="Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1) ; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)"

This only works if you close all of your Chromium windows first.


What are the steps to run Wayland on 21.04 with optimus nVIDIA?

The settings I adapted are:

add to /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia-graphics-drivers.conf:
options nvidia_drm modeset=1

ensure #WaylandEnable=false is commented in /etc/gdm3/custom.conf

comment all lines with # in /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/61-gdm.rules

reboot and select "Gnome" (not "Gnome on Xorg") with cogwheel in login screen

check (output should be wayland):
echo $XDG_SESSION_TYPE

My experience with Wayland:
Matlab and VMWare Workstation Player complain about missing OpenGL hardware acceleration. But overall I am very happy with Wayland. No special tricks needed for many applications like Spotify and Matlab which previously did not scale in Xorg. With Wayland Matlab scales perfectly out of the box. Also resume from suspend to RAM now works for the first time on this laptop. Though it takes 1 minute 45 seconds from power button to lock screen. VLC full screen also works great, previously not possible in Xorg.
Waiting for NVIDIA 470 series to have OpenGL hardware acceleration.
Up to now I only have one issue: connecting an external monitor to the HDMI connector freezes Ubuntu completely. Nothing is shown on the external monitor and power button hard reset is the only option.
I made a post on the nVIDIA linux forum:
https://forums.developer.nvidia.com/t/465-24-02-ubuntu-21-04-wayland-no-external-monitor/176747
[EDIT] I found out that the Intel GPU is driving the display and that is what most probably causes a successful resume from suspend to RAM. But nVIDIA can be used for CUDA calculations via Matlab and Mathematica and also via Jupyter Notebook and libcudnn8. So nVIDIA GPU is available but does not drive the screen and that is most probably why connecting an external monitor leads to Ubuntu freeze. Even though:
prime-select query
nvidia

Does anybody know how to let Ubuntu Gnome on Wayland choose the nVIDIA GPU to drive the laptop display?


Most effective way to connect to an Ubuntu vps from Windows?

10.04 has remote desktop built in if you go to "System->Preferences->Remote Desktop" you should be able to enable it.


I think, many years ago, the origional logo represents a circle of friends.

  It is made up of a custom designed font (wordmark), carefully spaced with a re-drawn ‘Circle of Friends’ placed within a roundel.

http://design.ubuntu.com/brand/ubuntu-logo

But no, it is not an African logo.

You can review the current philosophy here

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Brand

http://design.ubuntu.com/


Unable to prevent encrypted boot partition from being automatically mounted

It turned out that /boot was being mounted because the unattended-upgrades.service systemd unit was enabled and it depended on boot.mount. I figured this out by running systemctl list-dependencies boot.mount --all --reverse. Disabling unattended-upgrades.service worked.


How can I create a RAID array with >2TB disks?

This answer assumes that you are creating a new RAID 1 array using two identical new drives. The file system will be ext4 on a single partition taking up the whole drive, not using LVM.

Firstly, identify the device names for your new hard drives by running sudo fdisk -l. In my case, the new drives were /dev/sdc and /dev/sdd.

Then create the partition on each drive. The partition table needs to be GPT to allow more than 2TB to be used, so you cannot use fdisk.

Run parted /dev/sdc.
At the (parted) prompt, create the partition table by typing mklabel gpt.
Check the free space on the drive by typing print free. In my case, this shows 3001GB.
Create the partition by typing mkpart primary 1M 3001GB. This starts the partition a 1M offset giving a 4096 byte alignment. This may or may not be necessary, but won't hurt if its not.
Check your partition is set up by typing p. Then type q to quit.

Repeat steps 1 to 5 for /dev/sdd.

Now create the array using the mdadm command:

sudo mdadm --verbose --create /dev/md0 --level=raid1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sd[cd]1

Create the file system:

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0

Finally, mount your array somewhere and add it to /etc/fstab if you want it to be mounted permanently. I did this:

Create a location to mount the array at by running sudo mkdir /mnt/md0.
Edit /etc/fstab and add the following line:

/dev/md0 /mnt/md0 auto defaults 0 0

Mount by running sudo mount /mnt/md0.

Now you can start using your array. Bear in mind, however, that before it is fully operation it will need to complete its initial sync. You can track its progress by running sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0.


Not exactly what you are looking for but inorder to save space you could use xfce4-panel as wingpanel. xfapplet is somewhat dead project AFAIK. What you can do is make xfce4-panel as a wingpanel with minimal length and make it auto-increase.  In order to make panel movable do this:

xfconf-query -c xfce4-panel -p /panels/panel-0/disable-struts -t bool -n -s true

And on panel preference, make panel length to minimal and enable auto-increase option:

You can do this for as many panel you have.

I usually have a single panel on the right-hand corner with notification area, indicator, session-button and application-menu and windows button control on the left-hand corner.

Source


Canon MP970 and Ubuntu 12.04 LTS x64 (Network Printing)

First thing I would do is plug it into your machine, even if you plan to use it as a network printer. This should allow ubuntu to install the necessary drivers, and then you can use it on a network by ip.


I recommend to disable the ideapad_laptop module that blocks your wireless adapter. You can do it by running

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ideapad.conf <<< "blacklist ideapad_laptop"

Reboot to apply.


Synchronize default applications between Ubuntu installations

I don't know about any automated way but you can always go ahead and copy the mimeapps.list file located at ~/.local/share/applications between your installations. That way all your custom file type associations should be transferred safely.


How to create users having different access privileges?

I'm not sure what you are looking for so here goes something.

Since you want 3 users with unique permission, I think you will have 4 users on your system
1st Root (frank), 2nd, 3rd, and 4th for unique user permission.

Create three seperate groups for each user (group1, group2, group3). Do this via root user.

Now simply change ownership of files via chown

chown -R rootusername:groupname ### /path/to/folder/file

so if your root username is frank, you are setting permission for user1 to set read and write only

chown -R frank:group1 740 /path/to/folder/file

Hopefully this helps you get on the path you were looking for.


Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa) "Desktop" disk space requirements?

That largely depends on what you use it for and how you want to use it.
If you have an SSD use that for these two:

20 Gb for / is enough for a desktop user. That is excluding /home/ if you plan to use it.
/home/ can be as large as you want. If you do not plan to use /home/ you can forget about it and include it in the 20 Gb for /

These 2 benefit from the speed of an SSD.
Use a HDD for this

Personal data you can store on a second disk. You can use a personal mount point for this. Point any download to this partition.

If you plan to develop websites, use a database server change the location of each of these to point to the personal partition.
The idea is to keep the (ssd in this case) the system dependent software and settings for software on 1 disk and anything personal on another.


Make a selection then press Alt+F3

source: https://discuss.atom.io/t/select-all-and-edit-all-at-once/25220/5


Do you use kdenlive from default ubuntu, or from PPA

The best is that you use the PPA of themselves:

https://kdenlive.org/download/


You can restart your device as it may solve your problem.
Instead, you can also use try restarting your network services:

sudo systemctl restart network-manager


I'm worried I've accidentally deleted Windows!

You should be able to see your Windows partition from Ubuntu.  However, please provide the exact details of how you did the installation.  Did you boot into the DVD or did you use the DVD with Windows running?  If you installed from within Windows, disregard the next part of the question.

To find out what is happening, you might open up the disk utility in Ubuntu.  This will show you exactly what drives and partitions you have.  Windows XP and 7 are on a NTFS partition.  If there isn't one, it is fairly certain you have somehow deleted the Windows partition.

Please give us a bit more information so we can offer better suggestions.  Please tell us which version of Windows are you using?  Which version of Ubuntu?  And what did you actually do (step by step)?


associating file types with program in ubuntu 18.04

You may have incorrectly set up your .desktop file.

  If you have /usr/share/applications/$application.desktop, change
  Exec=$command to Exec=$command %F in the file., where $application is
  the name of application, and $command is the command to execute for
  desired action.

If the %F is not in your desktop file, it won't show up in the list.


After some digging I kinda solved the issue by adding the widgets to a panel. However, now i need to find out how to resize widgets inside panels...
Oh well, at least it's progress :)
Edit: Turns out Plasma is not very good with Nvidia (or is it the other way around?). Reverting back to Nouveau drivers solved a lot of the crashes and graphical bugs I've been having. As far as the widgets resizing themselves, I still haven't found a way to fix them and ended up not using the widgets affected by this issue.
I will leave the question unsolved, if someone find a way to fix this.


Apt-get crashes with : relocation error: libapt-pkg.so.4.12

I had some corrupted dependency which may have prevented libc6 from updating. I checked the package version using :

$ dpkg -l apt libc6  libapt-pkg4.12:amd64
  libapt-pkg4.12:amd64       1.0.1ubuntu2
  libc6:amd64                2.19-0ubuntu6
  libc6:i386                 2.19-0ubuntu6

I checked md5 of those packages and found that libapt-pkg4.12:amd64 was corrupted by comparing with another user.

$ md5sum /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libapt-pkg.so.4.12

Fixed it by manually installing libc6 and libapt-pkg4.12 from launchpad .deb packages : libapt-pkg4.12, libc6

sudo dpkg -i libc6_2.19-0ubuntu6_i386.deb libc6_2.19-0ubuntu6_amd64.deb libapt-pkg4.12_1.0.1ubuntu2_amd64.deb

After I forced the update so the old dependencies got updated

sudo apt-get -f upgrade

And now everything's fine.


Does GUI for Flatpak exist for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS?

No. Flatpak does not seem to have any supported graphical user interface for older releases of Ubuntu (16.10 and earlier). The Flatpak GUI, which refers to the plugin support for Flatpak, was added sometime later than 16.04 release, hence the unmet dependencies.

Unmet dependencies

Flatpak (formerly xdg-app) is relatively new and has been adopted by apps and distros from 2017 onwards. The "Developer Guide" that links to this documentation, unfortunately does not mention any specific dependencies or minimum requirements as reference.

The FAQ however, has indirectly noted that GNOME 3.22 is required.

  Version 3.22.4 and newer of GNOME Builder includes support for flatpak-builder manifests.

Ubuntu 16.04 uses a several versions older than GNOME 3.22. Despite Ubuntu 16.04 is a currently supported release, the platform is deemed old and not suited to make Flatpak GUI work.

On Ubuntu, Flatpak GUI is made available via GNOME Software and Plasma Discover using respective plugins, gnome-software-plugin-flatpak and plasma-discover-flatpak-backend. We can review past development news to further clarify the dependencies.

Flatpak and GNOME

Flatpak support for GNOME Software is mentioned in this blog post by hughsie (Richard), "Flatpak and GNOME Software" dated 5 July 2016. That has few screenshots and details on packaging.

Flatpak integration in Builder has been noted on GNOME Wiki and was made available when GNOME 3.22 is released on 21 September 2016.

  The latest GNOME release introduces comprehensive Flatpak integration for the first time [...] GNOME 3.22 makes it easy to install Flatpak apps using the Software application.

Given that the first GNOME release to introduce Flatpak GUI is GNOME 3.22, Ubuntu 16.04 with GNOME 3.18 does not meet the requirement. Even with minimum requirement, the now unsupported Ubuntu 17.04 also had issues with the requirement.

Flatpak and KDE

Flatpak support for Plasma Discover is mentioned in this blog post by jgrulich (Jan Grulich), "KDE Discover flatpak backend" dated 14 February 2017. That has few screenshots, but less detail.

In related matter, Flatpak on the KDE Community Wiki has more useful information.

  We provide a runtime with Qt and all KDE Frameworks 5 (except for the 4th tier) [...] This runtime can be added by following these instructions:

flatpak install flathub org.kde.Platform//5.9
flatpak install flathub org.kde.Sdk//5.9

Given that the instruction noted KDE Plasma 5.9, Ubuntu 16.04 with KDE Plasma 5.5 does not meet the requirement. Even with Kubuntu Backports PPA, Ubuntu 16.04 will have only KDE Plasma 5.8, which is still older than the noted release.

Flatpak support discrepancy

Flatpak GUI was first made available in GNOME and then followed by KDE. For this reason, GNOME might have a better support for Flatpak GUI.

KDE Plasma 5 on Ubuntu 16.04 (or Kubuntu 16.04) by default was buggy and had crashes on desktop. In fact, KDE Plasma meta package for 16.04 has since disappeared from the package search result. This may hint that Flatpak GUI is not suited to run with KDE on Ubuntu 16.04.

This answer may be proven wrong, should someone with knowledge backports the required packages from GNOME 3.22 or KDE 5.9, in order to build and run Flatpak GUI on Ubuntu 16.04. The backports otherwise might not be feasible for any reason that I do not know.

TL;DR Flatpak is relatively new and Ubuntu 16.04 (xenial) is too old to build and run Flatpak GUI. That is based on reviewing the development news and docs by GNOME and KDE. Flatpak documentation does not seem to have any supporting details.


What is the ".Trash-1000" folder and how to delete it?

This is the folder of you paperbin.
If you delete something it will not be deleted from disk. It will be moved to this folder instead.

Try to empty the paperbin or delete the folder with the terminal-command as root:

sudo rm -rf /path/to/folder/.Trash-1000


I also encounter this problem and solve it. This is because the boot partition is protected in HP computer and the boot information can not write in it. Using the third-party partition tools, you can see boot partipation though you delete all the partition using ubuntu-partition tools. You need delete all the partitions especially the boot partition using a third-party tool and then install ubuntu normally.


After deactivating NetworkManager, how do I add the DNS server address to resolv.conf?

Your conclusion is correct. May I assume you are setting up static IP addresses? If so, declare your DNS nameservers like this:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.100
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 192.168.1.1

If you are using DHCP, the DHCP server should serve, in addition to the addresses, DNS nameservers.


How can I install the Java Runtime Environment in Wine?

You downloaded the wrong Java file, and the link you used didn't help. The correct link to download the Java file you wanted to run your game is: Java Downloads for Windows.

The installation instructions are available at the official What is the offline method for downloading and installing Java for a Windows computer? webpage.


The application add-apt-repository is not in the /usr/bin folder where it needs to be thus causing apt-add-repository to fail since it is a link file.

ls -al /usr/bin/apt-add-repository
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 May  8  2017 /usr/bin/apt-add-repository -> add-apt-repository

Run the following command to reinstall the software properties to reinstall the add-apt-repository application:

sudo apt install --reinstall software-properties-common

Now the file /usr/bin/add-apt-repository should exist and the commands should work now.


Can't install Ubuntu on AMD Athlon XP 2100 with MSI graphics card

I have literally just started with Linux based operating systems so cant help much but when i was installing, my computer wouldn't finish the install so I tried the alternative install CD (or if you dont trust a direct link go to this page and scroll down to alternative install) and it worked fine :)


It's been pointed out that "unsupported" in this context is just that Canonical isn't responsible for providing support for the particular package from Day 1 of a release.

From a non-comprehensive use of apt-cache show package_name, it appears that supported  packages, found with ubuntu-support-status --show-supported, are in the main pool and also in the restricted pool as noted by Ibere Fernandes  in the lubuntu users mailing list.

For example, running apt-cache show zenity, a supported package has this line:
Filename: pool/main/z/zenity/zenity_3.8.0-1_amd64.deb
and
Supported: 9m

And, running apt-cache show fglrx has:
Filename: pool/restricted/f/fglrx-installer/fglrx_13.101-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb
and
Supported: 9m

But, running apt-cache show thunar, an unsupported package, has:
Filename: pool/universe/t/thunar/thunar_1.6.3-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
and no mention of a support period.

This, from What are Repositories?, is relevant:

  The repository components are:
    Main - Officially supported software.
    Restricted - Supported software that is not available under a completely free license.
    Universe - Community maintained software, i.e. not officially supported software.
    Multiverse - Software that is not free.


Add or remove a program in sound menu in ubuntu 12.04

This is a very detailed, yet easily understandable tutorial on how to do it.

It gives both a graphical and command line approach.


wifi signal strength icon, how to change it?

I had to copy all these files (from the theme where I think they are ok)
/usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mono-dark/status/24/nm-signal-*.svg
to a newly created user folder:
~/.icons/oxygen/24x24/status/
(copy the 24x24 folder to a 16x16 folder with the same unchanged files and it will work also for the dropdown menu)

As I understand, they work as a simple override as soon I chose the oxygen theme using the tweaker.

Without this override, they fall back to
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/22x22/apps/nm-signal-*.png
that looks like a cellphone signal strength.


Requesting new packages for inclusion on the CD

It would be better if you discuss it in the Ubuntu Developer Summit(UDS). They are responsible for what packages should come with the default ubuntu installation CD.


Setting volume-limit works for headphones but will, probably, make sound too quiet while using other speakers.

As alternative solution, try setting ignore_dB=1 in /etc/pulse/default.pa.

load-module module-udev-detect ignore_dB=1

From ArchLinux Wiki


Authentication issue with CUPS 5.3.1 on SMB Printer

Hurrah, its working.
The problem is related to a really strange authentication issue that 12.04 has with samba. As I also had  problems connecting to the samba drives, I read that server and domain names need to be in uppercase (I have no clue why) to make them work.

For the samba printer, it was enough to just have the domain name uppercase, such as this:

smb://D.EXAMPLE.CH/vpp-xxxxxxxxxxxxx/vpp-xxxxxxxxxxxx

take care to unlock caps lock before entering the password :-)

I hope this saves someone time.


Does ClamAV run in the background and monitor all activity, like Windows AVs do?

ClamAV is designed to be an on-demand scanner, and will only run when you invoke it to run (which mean you probably won't see any of its processes if you did not manually invoke it). Also, when you installed the clamav package, you only installed the command-line scanner and scanning engine.
clamav-daemon - enables ClamAV to be an on-access scanner, which means it runs automatically without your intervention

You can see the full answer here


Ubuntu 14.04 not booting after error message. /tmp could not be mounted

In Windows Boot Manager, select Ubuntu.
Press any key and enter GNU Grub2 menu.
You can press "e" to edit GRUB2 boot entry.

You need to change the GRUB2 boot entry from "ro" to "rw",

e.g.

linux   /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-24-generic root=UUID=AAC884AC1F144321 loop=/ubuntu/disks/root.disk ro   quiet splash $vt_handoff

to

linux   /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-24-generic root=UUID=AAC884AC1F144321 loop=/ubuntu/disks/root.disk rw   quiet splash $vt_handoff

Press F10, you can boot in Ubuntu 14.04.

and you can fix GRUB2 boot entry:

sudo vi /etc/grub.d/10_lupin

Change the line:

linux   ${rel_dirname}/${basename} root=${LINUX_HOST_DEVICE} loop=${loop_file_relative} ro ${args}

to:

linux   ${rel_dirname}/${basename} root=${LINUX_HOST_DEVICE} loop=${loop_file_relative} rw ${args}

Regenerate GRUB2 boot entry:

sudo update-grub


How can I get rid of 1mb of unallocated space at the end of this table? (Gparted - see screenshot)

My understanding is that with GUID partitioning, as your disk probably uses, the final 1MB is a copy of the partition table.  From wikipedia: "GPT also provides redundancy, writing the GPT header and partition table both at the beginning and at the end of the disk."  If this is the case, you can't reuse it.

But why worry about 1MB in 112GB?


Udev rule to connect USB to CAN Lawicell

Remove those sleep lines because udev kills long processes
Remove ifconfig because if it fails, it means device adding fails. Use /etc/network/interfaces instead.


You still can download and install it by using dependencies from 19.10:
cd ~/Downloads
wget http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/p/python-cups/python-cups_1.9.73-2build2_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -y ./python-cups_1.9.73-2build2_amd64.deb

wget http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gamin/python-gamin_0.1.10-5build1_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -y ./python-gamin_0.1.10-5build1_amd64.deb

wget http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/p/pygtk/python-gtk2_2.24.0-6_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -y ./python-gtk2_2.24.0-6_amd64.deb

wget https://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/g-manual-duplex/gnome-manual-duplex_0.70_all.deb
sudo apt-get install -y ./gnome-manual-duplex_0.70_all.deb

and use it as before.


What's the best filesystem to share between OS X and Ubuntu?

As seen in the comparison table here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file_systems#Supporting_operating_systems

The only sure thing you have is FAT16 and FAT32. This is because HFS was left for HFS+ in Mac but HFS+ is not very "compatible" in linux just yet.

Anyway if you want to have support fot higher file sizes you could try NTFS but here is the catch (Which is not that difficult anyway) you need NTFS-3G in both ubuntu and mac.

Ubuntu already comes with NTFS-3G which gives complete Read/Write access to a NTFS filesystem. Mac does only READ unless you have NTFS-3G installed.

For what i know you can find the NTFS-3G for mac here: http://www.tuxera.com/products/tuxera-ntfs-for-mac/

But there might be other places.


When I try to install Ubuntu /kubunu I get a blank screen

I had the same problem when trying Ubuntu from the Live Disk without installing. The fix is to simply press the f3/Brightness key while or after Ubuntu loads. Apparently the screen brightness is switched to its lowest setting (ie OFF) early in the loading.


Convert Ubuntu from UEFI mode into Legacy mode.
Use this procedure only to convert an UEFI mode Ubuntu installation to boot in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. Such a conversion may be necessary if some hardware doesn't work correctly under UEFI mode. (Graphics cards are a common source of problems.) Converting to boot in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode while Windows boots in UEFI mode can make the boot process more awkward -- you'll need to use the computer's built-in boot manager to switch between OSs, and some computer's have such poor boot managers that this may be impossible.

If Ubuntu is installed on a GPT disk (you can check it via the sudo parted -l command), use GParted partition editor to create a BIOS-Boot partition (1MB, unformatted filesystem, bios_grub flag) at the start of its disk.

Start Boot-Repair, and select Advanced options -> GRUB location tab.

Uncheck the Separate /boot/efi partition option

Click the Apply button in the lower right corner.

Set up your BIOS so that it boots the HDD in Legacy mode. Generally this setting is located in the Boot tab → Boot order section of the BIOS.

Source: revised from: UEFI - Community Help Wiki


How can I use the whole GeForce 940M memory for cuDNN?

First of all : there are no "stupid questions" - there are only questions and your question is valid, so no reason to apologize. You can't use more than 2 GB additional GPU memory because your dedicated graphics card has a dedicated memory of 2 GB, as you can see in the specifications of the NVIDIA GEFORCE 940M graphics adapter. It has nothing to do with the 4 GB RAM (Random Access Memory) of the system, which I assume you are referring to - the information is correct.

NVIDIA CUDA Zone : CUDA is a parallel computing platform and programming model invented by NVIDIA. It enables dramatic increases in computing performance by harnessing the power of the graphics processing unit. It can be used on NVIDIA GPU's only, not with integrated intel graphics. This means that you can just use the additional amount of 2 GB - no chance to "trick the system".


did you by change have another distro on your box that you've since deleted?

the commands you type in tell grub to use hd0 (first hdd read by bios) & 8th partition.   grub consists of many parts; part 1 is the MBR or first 512 byte sector of HDD that is really a pointer to next part. this pointer on your machine is likely pointing to an old /boot partition you've wiped/reused.   it can only point to one place and commonly is the last OS you installed.  when your system is running, the easiest fix is to have your system re-install grub on your hdd (or in the correct places)

How can I reinstall GRUB Bootloader on MBR after installing Kubuntu?

to learn more about grub - I'd suggest the manual/doco firstly, but if web sites are more your thing try a search engine or

http://www.dedoimedo.com/computers/grub-2.html

IF you have only a single OS you can boot without grub; but its still useful if things go wrong, for example if an update or change (we make) causes kernel.panic on boot; we can tell grub to boot an older kernel, or change the params/options we made to get it to boot (eg. tell it to boot only in maintenance/recovery mode). grub is worth having unless you're sure you'll never have problems.


If you did not erase the data, it will still be available on your old location. However, it is "hidden" because the other partition is mounted on the /home folder. If you unmount the partition coupled to /home, the old contents will become visible.
The only issue is that you cannot unmount a home partition while you are logged in to the graphical environment. So you either will need to work from a recovery prompt, or from a live session of an installation DVD/USB if you prefer a graphical working environment.


Try running cupsaccept GroceryPrinter and cupsenable GroceryPrinter after doing all this. It might work after doing that.


Press Ctrl + M to get your menu bar back.

The menu would likely be "Setting" => "Show Menubar".


Installed Ubuntu 12.04 - cannot visit certain websites I'm very familiar with

There should not be a problem, considering worst case; let us suppose it isn't working. Why don't you go for latest Firefox version and Ubuntu 14.01/14.10? Current version of Firefox is 36.0.1, check what version you have. [IMP]Also check you Clock, sometimes due to security & privacy issues, browser blocks the websites which do not match time.

Well, Thats great @todd . Sorry, couldn't get to you in time. I would like to add that, make sure your Software updates are on, so that not only firefox, but also other softwares will get a stable release in every update.
Consider the foll. image,

Make sure you have Main,Universe and Multiverse checked at the minimum in Softwares & Updates. You can find that in your Applications menu.


Can I use RAID0 on Ubuntu Server if my motherboard doesn't support it?

Yes. There are several sorts of RAID:

Proper hardware RAID (where hardware handles everything)
Fake hardware RAID (usually motherboard RAID)
Pure software RAID (eg mdadm, or brtfs RAID)

Even if you have FakeRAID, I'd suggest you use mdadm. It's solid and allows you to move an array to another system without having to reconstruct the array.

Obviously proper hardware RAID is the fastest, but the cards cost $300+. Cheaper cards are often just FakeRAID controllers (just some extra SATA ports).

As for how, the wiki has pretty decent instructions for mdadm. Installing server on btrfs RAID differs slightly.


Toshiba Satellite U400 does not resume from suspend

As was mentioned this was repaired with a kernel upgrade to >= 2.6.36


Extract part of a line upto a particular string

There are many ways to do this. Here are some:

# greedily caputure up to the last slash
grep -o '.*/bin/' file.txt

# remove all non-slash chars from the end of each line
sed 's#\(/bin/\).*$#\1#' file.txt

# using slash as a delimiter, blank out the last field
awk -F/ -v OFS=/ '{for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) if ($i == "bin") {NF=i; break}} 1' file.txt


How do I fix broken boot after shim update?

The process of carefully writing up and posting my question must have jarred something in my brain that allowed me to actually see something that had been appearing in search results multiple times yesterday:
0015522: Machine with older uefi fw doesn't boot with newer shim (like on Apple 2008 iMac) - CentOS Bug Tracker
Specifically, I did what was in essence his Workaround #2, except I had to modify it to boot into my OS X partition, and then as root create /Volumes/efi, use diskutil to identify the EFI partition, mount it and cd into /Volumes/efi/EFI/ubuntu. And rather than copy grub64x.efi over shimx64.efi, as he wrote, I first moved shimx64.efi to my Desktop directory for temporary safe-keeping, just in case I wanted to revert this change I was making. Then I copied grub64x.efi to shimx64.efi. Then umount gave me some kind of error but suggested I try diskutil unmount, which I did, and which worked. Then I rebooted and got the usual (for me) grub menu, encryption password prompt and finally back to Kubuntu, where I have now removed the shim and shim-signed packages.
It appears that removing the shim package did not remove the files it put in /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/ and /boot/efi/EFI/Boot-backup/. I am going to leave them for now.
I am also going to post a comment on the Ubuntu bug I linked to in my question. I called it a grub2 package bug, but I now see its status has been changed to invalid in grub2, while also having a status of incomplete in shim and confirmed in shim-signed. There have been many comments, but there's still seemingly a lot of confusion, and no one seems to have made the connection yet to the fix the CentOS bug reporter figured out. So I will post my experience to the Ubuntu bug, and surely they'll get it fixed for everyone else.


PulseAudio Equalizer is the way to go.

Here’s a blog post about it: http://www.webupd8.org/2013/10/system-wide-pulseaudio-equalizer.html

Since pulseaudio-equalizer is part of Ubuntu 17.04, you can simply enable the universe repository and then issue the installation command:

sudo apt-get install pulseaudio-equalizer

For older releases, add the PPA first:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update

Are PPAs safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?

After PulseAudio Equalizer is installed, you can launch its GUI with the applications qpaeq or pulseaudio-equalizer-gtk.


How to skip installation of a debian package if a file exist in the system?

If the preinst script exits with an error (non-zero exit code), dpkg calls the postrm script with abort-install as argument, according to the Debian wiki. So you can test for the file's existence in preinst before anything is done, do an exit 1, if it exists, and do nothing in postrm if called with abort-install and the file exists (since the postrm for must be certain that the install failed due to the existence of that file).


Get new locale for country which not exists? How?

Yes, since you installed in Estonia, Ubuntu 'guessed' that you prefer date and time formats, currency etc. 'the Estonian way'. If you want e.g. English instead, you can open Language Support, select the Regional Formats tab, and change it.

Edit:

If the weekday and month names are your primarily concern, while you want to keep other format aspects to Estonian as far as possible, one option is to open the ~/.profile file for editing and add this line:

export LC_TIME=en_DK.UTF-8


Problem with DNS with OpenVPN on Ubuntu 20.04

It seems, that the main problem is with systemd-resolve as described here: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/6076
Really great article is here, which I took as a starting point: https://www.gabriel.urdhr.fr/2020/03/17/systemd-revolved-dns-configuration-for-vpn/

A small workaround that worked for me is to run this after every connection to VPN. Basically setting DNS manually

sudo resolvectl dns tun0 10.0.9.2 # Replace with IP of your DNS server
# All internal services are like git.int.mycompany.com or ldap.int.mycompany.com
# You can try to set up "~mycompany.com", worked for me as well
sudo resolvectl domain tun0 "~int.mycompany.com"

How to automate it

With NetworkManager:
If you use Network Manager (pictures of Manager available here), you can automate this with scripts in /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/

Create custom script, name it 02-ifupdown set chmod +x to it and paste

#!/bin/sh

EXPECTED_VPN_NAME="MyCompany VPN" # Put your VPN name here
VPN_CONN_NAME=`nmcli --get name,type con show --active | grep vpn | sed 's/\:.*//'`

if [ "$2" = "vpn-up" ] && [ "$EXPECTED_VPN_NAME" = "$VPN_CONN_NAME" ]; then
        resolvectl dns tun0 10.0.9.2 # Replace with IP of your DNS server
        resolvectl domain tun0 "~int.mycompany.com"
fi

With CLI:
Create your custom script, set chmod +x to it and paste into config:

script-security 2
up /path/to/my/script


Command line

Just type the following in a terminal:

gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry false

Graphical

To switch from the location bar to the path bar, you can use dconf-tools .

To install dconf-tools, run the following command in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

After installing it, search for dconf-tools in the dash and open it.

From there, the setting is located at org -> gnome -> nautilus -> preferences.
You need to disable always-use-location-entry to always use the path bar instead of the location bar.


rsync --info=progress2 percent complete of copying a large directory is non-uniform?

The reason for the observed behaviour is likely a file system cache:

When files are written (as rsync does), then usually the data gets written to a cache (in memory) first and the write operation almost instantly returns. The data is then written to the disk in background while the user can already do other things.

If the cache is large enough to hold the data to be written this pretends a huge writing speed.

If the data to be written doesn't fit into the file system cache, then the excess data is actually written to disk before the write operation completes, and writing to disk is slower than writing to in-memory cache.

The excess data doesn't bypass the cache but rather waits until previous content has been moved from the cache to the disk giving again some free space in the cache, so the new data can be written to the cache.

So the first part of data (90% in your case) appears to be written in an instant (to cache) while the last 10% take more time because then actual disk operation kicks in.


Hidden Key Bindings? (Specifically Ctrl+Alt+D and Shift+Super+!)

There is some mystery, but it may be revealed:

Ctrl+Alt+D is defined
in /org/gnome/desktop/wm/keybindings/show-desktop (check in dconf-editor):

but Ctrl is named <Primary> here. So we can find them in gsettings:

gsettings list-recursively | egrep "Primary.*Alt.*d"
org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings show-desktop ['<Primary><Super>d', '<Primary><Alt>d', '<Super>d']

Shift+Super+! (or more precise Shift+Super+1)

seems to be secret - are shown in dconf-editor and in gsettings:

gsettings list-recursively  | grep -i shift.*super
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-shift-hotkey-10 ['<Shift><Super>0']
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-shift-hotkey-1 ['<Shift><Super>1']
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-shift-hotkey-2 ['<Shift><Super>2']
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-shift-hotkey-3 ['<Shift><Super>3']
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-shift-hotkey-4 ['<Shift><Super>4']
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-shift-hotkey-5 ['<Shift><Super>5']
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-shift-hotkey-6 ['<Shift><Super>6']
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-shift-hotkey-7 ['<Shift><Super>7']
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-shift-hotkey-8 ['<Shift><Super>8']
org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock app-shift-hotkey-9 ['<Shift><Super>9']

Ctrl+Super+D

is defined in GNOME Control Center → Keyboard (gnome-control-center keyboard) and in dconf-editor (see above):

and in gsettings:

gsettings list-recursively | egrep "Primary.*Super.*d"
org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings show-desktop ['<Primary><Super>d', '<Primary><Alt>d', '<Super>d']

Conclusion:

all stuff is shown in gsettings. But <Ctrl> is named <Primary>.
all this stuff looks more and more like RegEdit in some other operating system.


ibus restart will only reset the internal state of ibus, so it doesn't work if ibus daemon is not running.
If you want to start ibus again from the command line or in a shell script,

ibus-daemon &

seems do the trick.

Note that if ibus is already running, this command will automatically terminate the older instance (similar to ibus exit) and the new process will take place, so you probably do not need ibus exit and ibus restart.


NetworkManager StrongSwan No Certificate

Q: How to I configure StrongSwan to use the name/password (which is not my personal username/password) instead of a certificate?

A: You (sort of) don't.
First StrongSwan will need that you have the public certificate of the CA that is used. So it does not work without certificates.

Then there are a few option how you can configure your VPN Gateway to accept connections. If you only want to use username and password, then your VPN Gateway has to be configured as IKEv2 with EAP-MSCHAPv2. Other configuration options will involve a combination of only private/public keys or private/public keys with username and password.

Long story short, your VPN Gateway provider is the only one that can tell you how you need to configure your system.

Q: An alternative... Is there a way to pull a certificate from a VPN server?

Yes, if you have (root) access to it, otherwise no.


How do I get my Logitech c510 camera to work?

It should just work. I have a C910 and it works properly with Skype and Google Chat. A good way to test the camera would be to download Cheese from the Ubuntu Software Center.


Currently, if this thread is anything to go off of, cross-fade in VLC is not easily feasible as the core of the program does not support gapless music and any add-on enabling cross-fade would have to "edit" the core of the program. There is no add-on listed on the official add-on repository  either.


Cannot overwrite Debian6 grub, with Ubuntu grub2

Use sudo grub-install /dev/sdX X is the drive letter ex:- a, b You can find it out by doing a sudo fdisk -l

Then do a update-grub2


Is it possible to run Tango mobile messaging on 14.04

Probably not. According to Tango's AppDB entry it was considered garbage back in 2012 with Wine 1.5.8 and there's no newer report. Current Wine versions may work better though.


bringing up network adapter back after ifconfig down

You need to pick how you want to manage your connection either manually with ifup ifdown etc... or by network manager as @XtrmJosh has hinted. If you want it to do it yourself and you get IP by DHCP add the following to your /etc/network/interfaces files

auto enp19s0
iface enp19s0 inet dhcp


The deb you are installing is from opera.com and the wiki you refer to is about opera 10 the latest stable build of opera is 11.01 which you can download from opera.

All you need to do is select the Ubuntu and deb and download and install. When installation is completed opera's own repository will be added and you will receive updates from there.

Hope this helps.


Web search shortcuts using keywords in Gnome Web

It has mechanism that I think is superior.  You don't use keywords, you just define search sites and they appear as options when you type in the location box.

To set one up, go to the website you want to add and do a search.  Use a term you can easily spot later (like "dummy").  Bookmark the site, and if you have a category called "Quick Searches" add it to that.  If not, create such a category and add it.

Finally, edit the bookmark by replacing "dummy" with "%s" (no quotes) in the search query.  That will be the part of the URL following the "?".  There may well be lots of junk there, but you should find your search string somewhere.  You might also want edit the title, since many search sites add the term to the title of the returned page.

UPDATE: The manual for Epiphany does not say that the bookmarks need to be in any particular category, and that checks out, despite the manual obviously being rather out of date otherwise.  (For example, in 3.6.1 there is no "Show in Toolbar" option).


Windows 7 is no longer available on dual boot

Problem solved.

Run this command : sudo update-grub


Search in Dolphin returns 'invalid protocol'

You could try the instructions here:
https://www.ryananddebi.com/2015/07/13/linux-getting-find-working-in-dolphin-on-kde-linux-mint-and-kubuntu/
In short install  kde-baseapps, systemsettings and kfind. And DISABLE "Enable Desktop Search" in Systemsettings -> Desktop Search. It should work then. It did for me. Pretty counterintuitive but it works ;).


Can't Resize Ext4 Partition through Gparted on Ubuntu Live USB

I'm guessing you'd be increasing the partition using some "empty" space on your partition? If you are resizing your windows partition, and it's right beside a linux one (/ or /home), you'd be in essence "moving" the start of that linux partition, could cause some headaches. Not unfixable headaches, but headaches nonetheless.


Better Way To Install Ubuntu 15.10 Without Making Partitions

Is there way to solve this mounting.

See answers of Ubuntu 14.04 not booting after error message. /tmp could not be mounted

  Is it even possible to install ubuntu 15.10 in the same way as wubi did, but manually, or any other software.

I installed 15.10 with Wubi without any problems. There is no official Wubi solution (besides to remove it from isos) but community supported versions still exist. See solutions of other Wubi users like this one.


I was having the exact same issue.

I solved this by using wget to grab the openssh 7.5 debian packages from here:

https://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=openssh-client

https://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=openssh-server

Then using dpkg -i to install them.

To double check the ssh version exposed to the outside world you can use ssh -v when logging into the server.

This shows verbose output and should contain a line detailing the version number of the ssh daemon running on the server.

e.g. debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.5p1 Debian-2 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000

About to re-run my PCI scan, fingers crossed!


Problem solved.
For anyone that might encounter that in the future, it was a problem with Ubuntu 12.04 not having a proper Intel driver. Could not install a new one either, because it required a new version of libglib, which would break compatibility with a lot of packages.
What I did was an upgrade with sudo do-release-upgrade -d to 12.10 (Quantal) - 2x screen worked, but stuff was slow- and then to 13.10 (Saucy). I had it installed with Wubi, so upgrading to 14.04 would break my system.


Completed Installing Ubuntu 12.10 but couldn't boot to Ubuntu

Where did you install your boot loader? If you installed it in a different drive than windows, use BCedit to add a boot entry. Otherwise follow your boot order as mentioned above


Remote desktop client to access Windows from Lubuntu

Yes, e.g. Remote Desktop Viewer. Although it is a Gnome application, it will work on Lubuntu. See this help article at the Ubuntu wiki.

However, if you just want to access files from a Windows machine you will probably want Samba. See this help article at help.ubuntu.com.


How can I fix this problem booting Ubuntu 18.04?

Looking at the changelog of Rufus for version 3.6(https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/blob/master/ChangeLog.txt):

  o Version 3.6 (2019.07.18)
  Add support for persistent partitions [EXPERIMENTAL]
  (Note: The above won't work with Ubuntu until Ubuntu bug #1489855 is properly fixed)

You may have enabled persistence while creating the bootable iso. So you can either use a latest non-LTS Ubuntu(19.10 or later) which does not have the bug or edit syslinux.cfg on the usb to remove persistence or recreate the bootable iso with persistence turned off if the option is there.


Why can't I move my License key to the correct folder?

Why am I not allowed to copy a file into any folder I want?

Short answer: you are both a user and an administrator on your system. As a user you are not allowed to access parts of your system (since you are a user and those files are owned by the administrator). This is the same person but with a different hat on.

  I am told that I am not allowed because I am not the owner of the file, but I don't understand since the folder is on my own computer.

The answer is simple: you need to do this as administrator and not as a user. And you can do that by adding sudo in front of your command. So it will be something like this...

sudo cp /dir/to/licence/key /dir/where/TransitionDJ/is/

After entering your password it will be copied to the location you want it to be copied too. Change the directories to what is needed for your file.


Unable to install a python package in Ubuntu 12.04

Before you begin, delete the existing directory and start over.

First, you will need to install the ppa:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:reddit/ppa
sudo apt-get update

Next, install some dependencies:

sudo apt-get install postgresql cassandra memcached rabbitmq-server haproxy stunnel python-setuptools python-dev libmemcached-dev libpq-dev libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev python-imaging git-core gcc optipng jpegoptim postgresql-client make gettext nodejs node-less node-uglify

Now, clone the git repo:

git clone https://github.com/reddit/reddit.git

Install the python module dependencies:

cd reddit/r2
python setup.py build
sudo python setup.py develop
make

Continue with the instructions here.


I think this will help you.Please run an ubuntu live cd/usb and back up all your data first. A clean install is better than a painful upgrade.Do all your tweaks to recover the failed ubuntu feeling free as your data is safe.I dont know how to recover through a command prompt.U can update the grub from the live cd/usb too.


How to tile window by mouse to left/right edge in Xfce (like in Unity)?

Making the assumption you are using xubuntu 14.04 there are a couple of GUI options you could explore:

Using the Window Manager - Advanced options you can disable the scrolling of workspaces when dragging the window left and right.  This will tile the window on these borders.

Alternatively if you dont use workspaces, by simply reducing the workspaces to 1 then windows will automatically snap to left and right

If you are using xubuntu 12.04 then tiling is not a built in option for the window manager.  See the linked question for a workaround for this

Linked Question:

Automatically size windows using Xfce like in gnome


How to force apt-get to skip a package version

You will need to "Pin" the package to the version you want. See the official Pinning Howto.


According to the contents of ASUS's driver package DR_PCE_AC55BT_B1_Wifi.zip this adapter is based on Intel chipset (Intel Wireless WiFi Link 8260 AC Adapter), which is well supported on Ubuntu.

It seems that all you need is to copy firmware iwlwifi-8000C-13.ucode to /lib/firmware/. But on my 16.04.3 LTS this file is preinstalled and has the same MD5 checksum. So it would work out-the-box.


20.04 firefox snap - downloads can't be opened nor can containing folder

If stable firefox version does not work as expected and you need a snap version, you could try a different installation channel:

sudo snap install firefox --beta


Make a backup copy of your hosts file

sudo cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.vncfix

Open your hosts file

sudo nano /etc/hosts

comment out with a hash (or remove) the IPv6 sections

#The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
#::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
#fe00::0 ip6-localnet
#ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
#ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
#ff02::2 ip6-allrouters

save, exit and reconnect your VNC session.


The PPA ppa:chris-lea/node.js doesn't contains Vivid packages. Therefore remove the PPA via
the command below to prevent downgrading or uninstalling existing packages

sudo apt-add-repository -r ppa:chris-lea/node.js

Execute

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:chris-lea/node.js

to remove the PPA without leaving anything behind.


how do you make the scripts in /home/$user/bin accessible using sudo?

Environment variables are reset for sudo for security reasons, including the PATH variable that controls which programs you can run conveniently at a prompt.

However, you can bypass this limitation by specifying the absolute or relative path to the command you want to use. In your example:

sudo /home/$user/bin/$NameOfScript

As compared to the approach of changing PATH, this preserves the security precautions around root's environment variables while still allowing you to run whatever program you want with sudo.


Booting to advanced options and safe mode is still possible, when you have GRUB in the boot chain you need to press the keys right after GRUB loads the Windows loader. If you have a UEFI system you should try to change the order of the boot options or issue to boot Windows at the next boot and try from within Windows to get to the advanced options menu.

  I think I got a virus on Windows, and I want to use the installation partition to reinstall windows. I don't mean the procedure which just removes data and settings, but the procedure that formats and reinstalls windows.

As far as I know the installation data for the "refresh my PC feature" is on the main filesystem, which therefore cannot be "formatted", because there is usually not enough space on the other filesystems to store the data and there are no mechanisms like a PXE environment involved (similar to how Macs perform a reinstall). You're not doing a complete reinstall this way as far as I am aware and you have no prove that the content hasn't been modified by the virus you expect to have infected your system. After all the data was on the same filesystem and you shouldn't expect a virus to be as dumb as not to do a simple mountvol and get access to the other filesystems.

Getting the installation media from Microsoft and verifying the checksums is what you should do.


My computer gets stuck at the following screen while trying to install ubuntu 16.04.3 from usb stick

The issue happens when trying to use a lower version of a USB port than recommended. An older version of the BIOS is also a contributor to the issue. Work around install by using a CD/dvd drive or using the wubi.exe...however there might be issues with viruses when using wubi. CD/dvd drive installation works smooth as silk


How to: Upgrade java on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS?

I assume you install java from ppa:webupd8team/java. But actually last version of java is still jdk-8u111. If you want use jdk-8u112 version, you can install it by downloading their binary and creating symlink.

Remove/uninstall jdk-8u111
Download 8u112 binary from here
Uncompress, move to /usr/java

sudo tar xvzf jdk-8u112-linux-i586.tar.gz -C /usr/java

Now to set your JAVA_HOME environment variable:

JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_05/
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java ${JAVA_HOME%*/}/bin/java 20000
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac ${JAVA_HOME%*/}/bin/javac 20000

Make sure the Oracle's java is set as default java by:

update-alternatives --config java

Confirm your recent java version

java -version


What does a component or archive "now" mean in the apt Python API?

Poking around the source code, the values become now when the version is from the dpkg status file, which does not include where the package originally came from. Thus, you will see a version with archive now for any package that is currently installed. You can also see this in the output of apt-cache policy:

$ apt-cache policy
Package files:
 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     release a=now
...

For example:

$  apt-cache policy apt
apt:
  Installed: 1.2.25
  Candidate: 1.2.25
  Version table:
 *** 1.2.25 500
        500 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

And the installed version will have these origins in the API:

<Origin component:'main' archive:'xenial-updates' origin:'Ubuntu' label:'Ubuntu' site:'jp.archive.ubuntu.com' isTrusted:True>
<Origin component:'now' archive:'now' origin:'' label:'' site:'' isTrusted:False>

However, if you get a version with now as the only origin, that means apt could not locate it in any source. This could happen for:

an installed version that is no longer in any source (time to update!)
a package installed using a deb file, with no corresponding package in the repositories
a package installed from a source that was subsequently disabled


System Requirements

Installation/SystemRequirements
This page details the hardware required to run Ubuntu and its derivative versions.

Most people will want to install a desktop system such as Ubuntu, Kubuntu, or Xubuntu. A desktop system is typically used for personal computing tasks and has a graphical user interface (GUI), while a server system typically has a command-line interface (CLI).

Recommended Minimum System Requirements

The Recommended Minimum System Requirements, here, should allow even someone fairly new to installing Ubuntu or Gnu&Linux to easily install a usable system with enough room to be comfortable. A good "rule of thumb" is that machines that could run XP, Vista, Windows 7 or x86 OS X will almost always be a lot faster with Ubuntu even if they are lower-spec than described below. Simply try Ubuntu CD as a LiveCD first to check the hardware works.

Ubuntu Desktop Edition

700 MHz processor (about Intel Celeron or better)
512 MiB RAM (system memory)
5 GB of hard-drive space (or USB stick, memory card or external drive but see LiveCD for an alternative approach)
VGA capable of 1024x768 screen resolution
Either a CD/DVD drive or a USB port for the installer media
Internet access is helpful**

All 64-bit (x86-64) CPUs should be fast enough to run Ubuntu and can run the 32-bit (x86) version as well. For an optimized installation (and especially for those wishing to run more than ~3 GiB of RAM) however, a 64-bit installation CD is available. The 32-bit version tends to be easier to use and runs into less problems.

Ubuntu Desktop 11.04 and up uses Unity as the default GUI while the previous releases used GNOME Panel by default. In order to run Unity the system needs a more capable graphics adapter – see more here or below:

1000 ΜHz processor (about Intel Celeron or better)
1024 MiB RAM (system memory)
3D Acceleration Capable Videocard with at least 256 MB

From experience, we all know that it is recommended to have 2048 MiB RAM to properly run a day to day Ubuntu.

A good start should be with minimum 1024 and recommended 2048 MiB RAM.

Machines that are 10 or more years old (originally preloaded with "Windows ME" or "Windows 2000") that don't meet these guideline will probably require some work to revive (the RAM usually needs to be upgraded to the level described above). You could try a lighter-weight distro or a minimal install of Ubuntu.


Upgrade to 16.10 causes desktop backlight flickering

This bug first appeared in bug reports in Kernel version 4.6.2 and users found downgrading to 4.5.4 fixed it. Upgrading to 4.7 did not fix it.
Panel Self Refresh (psr) bug
Links to links to other bug reports say it can be fixed by modifying grub's kernel boot command line with:
i915.enable_psr=0

To do this you need to gksu gedit /etc/default/grub.
Search for quiet splash and insert i915.enable_psr=0 in front of the last double quote. There may be other options but minimally it should look like this:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash i915.enable_psr=0"

Save the file and type sudo update-grub. Then reboot and the flickering should be gone.
You can read more at: (LCD flickering on Thinkpad T440p (Haswell) with kernel 4.6-rc4 (PSR enabled))
Frame Buffer Compression
At the same time psr was introduced in the 4.6 kernel major revision, fbc (Frame Buffer Compression) support was also introduced. It prevents repainting the screen when it doesn't change. An imperceptible power savings feature (.06 watts). To turn update the grub kernel command line (as described above) by adding:
i915.enable_fbc=0

The final solution is to turn off i915 mode setting altogether with the grub kernel command line option:
i915.modset=0

Please note these can't be tested on my system and I can only go by bug reports from users with similar systems to yours.


My ubuntu terminal is opening as "gdhobe@vfroot-Thinkpad-T440:~$" I want to open it as "vfroot-Thinkpad-T440:~$"

In terminal do:

printf '\nPS1="\h:\w$"\n' >> ~/.bashrc

then

source ~/.bashrc

and it's done. Note that this solution is very simple one - this doesn't include colorizing the prompt.


No unless you add another disk to the volume group.


How do I make Sublime Text 2/3 not open previous tabs when I launch it?

There is actually a better solution implemented in Sublime Text. Select Preferences-> Settings - User and set remember_open_files and hot_exit to false. The resulting file should look like this:

{
    "remember_open_files": false,
    "hot_exit": false
}

(All the possible settings can be seen in Settings - Default.)

Just restart Sublime Text afterwards (it may be required to restart the program two times, one time to apply the settings) and it should start up without any open files.

Note: I only was able to test this with Sublime Text 3, but I am pretty sure that this settings exist in version 2 as well.


My problem in my Dell with Nvidia GPU was that when I switched to using the Nvidia card (rather than the Intel), my external monitors were not detected. I tried many "solution" but non has worked for me except for installing lightdm as my display manager:

sudo apt-get install lightdm
You may switch between gdm3 (Ubuntu's 18.04 default) and lightdm by executing: sudo apt-get install lightdm
After I configured lightdm I just reboot and there it is a working laptop using external monitors.

I hope it helps,
yenuka


How to configure the power off button to just power off instantly in Ubuntu 17.10 (Gnome)

Ubuntu 18.04

gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt false

or you can also try

gsettings set com.canonical.indicator.session suppress-logout-restart-shutdown true


You may not be the file owner of these folders and files

you can verify this by opening a terminal in that folder by right-clicking on empty space in the folder and selecting "Open in Terminal" :

you may then find out what the rights and ownership are by typing :

ls -alF

then if you need to change the owner of a file you can do :

sudo chown $USER the_file

you can also change the rights to the file :

sudo chmod +rw the_file

you may do a lot of files and folders at once by going to the parent of the highest folder where this happens, opening a terminal at that location and typing :

sudo chown -R $USER the_first_problematic_folder/*
sudo chmod -R +rw the_first_problematic_folder/*

this should give you back rights to the files.

unless they are on a network drive and you are not granted rights to modify the rights to these files by the way the drive is mounted.

follow this answer here : XAMPP VirtualHost in Other Directory 403 Forbidden Error for more specifics.

wait ...are you trying to troll your professors?


Readonly remote access to AWS console (non graphical)

I tried out tmate.io, could not figure it out quickly, searched more and then found nutty.io.

Worked perfectly.


VGA monitor won't detect on NVIDIA Quadro NVS 4200M

This is wrong sorry! --

  You need to configure bumblebee drivers, your Nvidia runs on the
  "optimus" platform which is not correctly supported by nvidia drivers.

  I suggest you to check the bumblebee project and this guide to
  configure it on your laptop

  https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Bumblebee


How do you remove ImageMagick without removing PlayOnLinux?

The command apt-cache depends playonlinux shows that playonlinux depends on imagemagick, so imagemagick cannot be removed without also removing playonlinux. If you run sudo apt-mark hold playonlinux to put playonlinux on hold so that it can't be removed, then sudo apt remove imagemagick will do nothing except return an error message.


You can use tar cvf my-uncompressed-archive.tar *.gz to do that .


Looking for window resize color in ubuntu.css

In general, you should search for this content in the css file.
/* Tiled window previews */
.tile-preview {
  background-color: rgba(27, 106, 203, 1);
  border: 1px solid #1b6acb; }

.tile-preview-left.on-primary {
  border-radius: 6px 0 0 0; }

.tile-preview-right.on-primary {
  border-radius: 0 6px 0 0; }

.tile-preview-left.tile-preview-right.on-primary {
  border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0; }

Change the background-color: line with any valid color..


In a Wubi install the Ubuntu system is just stored on Virtual Disks, which are just a couple of files from the Windows point of view.

So just copy these files to an USB drive or some external storage medium.

Now, format your disk, install Windows 8.

Now, using Wubi install the same version of Ubuntu you had before, make sure to follow the exact same steps as before while doing the Wubi install.

After the installation, you should just be able to swap the newly created Virtual disks with the Old Ones, and you should be able to have your system back.

If swapping with the old disks is not possible, you can still use the old disks for recovering data.

Refer
Can I mount a Wubi .disk image in a new Wubi installation?


Open MPI Eclipse PTP -> failed to execute command: ompi_info ,

It seems that you should install openmpi-bin package which provides /usr/bin/ompi_info executable with:

sudo apt-get install openmpi-bin


I don't have a RAID but get the warning mdadm.conf defines no arrays

The error says W: mdadm: /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf defines no arrays.

I reckon that the warning is displayed whenever there's no ARRAY line in mdadm.conf.

The obvious solution would be to add one:

ARRAY <ignore> devices=/dev/sda

Worked for me...


You need to do two things; both from a Terminal prompt:

Change to the directory where you have the .run file stored.
Type: chmod 755 filename.run
Type: sudo ./filename.run

The above commands will make the file executable and will launch the executable with root-level permissions.


You can do this using Tweak Tool:

(source: ubuntu.com)

Go to Theme tab and change Gtk + Keybinding Theme to Emacs: