How to set up SoftEther VPN Client under Linux: Via vpngate.net

Client Set Up Procedure Under Linux

Download VPN client from softether.org

My platform is Debian 7 X64

compile vpn client in your platform in the un-compressed vpn client directory

just type "make" and accept all the license agreements and you should be O.K.

start the vpnclient service as root

sudo ./vpnclient start

connect to local vpnclient using "vpncmd" (normal user mode, no root privilege needed"), create a local virtual NIC.

vpncmd

VPN Client>remoteenable
RemoteEnable command - Allow Remote Management of VPN Client Service
The command completed successfully.

VPN Client>niccreate
NicCreate command - Create New Virtual Network Adapter
Virtual Network Adapter Name: se

The command completed successfully.

VPN Client>niclist
NicList command - Get List of Virtual Network Adapters
Item                        |Value
----------------------------+-----------------------------------
Virtual Network Adapter Name|se
Status                      |Enabled
MAC Address                 |00ACDD071970
Version                     |Version 2.00 Build 9387   (English)
The command completed successfully.

go to "vpngate.net", find an appropriate vpn server
Set up a vpn account in vpncmd.

I export the vpn account config file below, you can tailor  it for your need.

VPN Client>accountimport
AccountImport command - Import VPN Connection Setting
Import Source File Name: /home/luke/japan0.vpn

The VPN Connection Setting "japan0" was imported.
The command completed successfully.

VPN Client>accountget japan0
AccountGet command - Get Setting of VPN Connection Setting
Item                                                 |Value
-----------------------------------------------------+------------------------
VPN Connection Setting Name                          |japan0
Destination VPN Server Host Name                     |222.228.120.128
Destination VPN Server Port Number                   |1950
Destination VPN Server Virtual Hub Name              |vpngate
Proxy Server Type                                    |Direct TCP/IP Connection
Verify Server Certificate                            |Disable
Device Name Used for Connection                      |se
Authentication Type                                  |Anonymous Authentication
User Name                                            |vpn
Number of TCP Connections to Use in VPN Communication|1
Interval between Establishing Each TCP Connection    |1
Connection Life of Each TCP Connection               |Infinite
Use Half Duplex Mode                                 |Disable
Encryption by SSL                                    |Enable
Data Compression                                     |Disable
Connect by Bridge / Router Mode                      |Disable
Connect by Monitoring Mode                           |Disable
No Adjustment for Routing Table                      |Disable
Do not Use QoS Control Function                      |Disable
The command completed successfully.

VPN Client>accountlist
AccountList command - Get List of VPN Connection Settings
Item                        |Value
----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------
VPN Connection Setting Name |japan0
Status                      |Offline
VPN Server Hostname         |222.228.120.128:1950 (Direct TCP/IP Connection)
Virtual Hub                 |vpngate
Virtual Network Adapter Name|se
The command completed successfully.

VPN Client>accountconnect japan0
AccountConnect command - Start Connection to VPN Server using VPN Connection Setting
The command completed successfully.

VPN Client>accountlist
AccountList command - Get List of VPN Connection Settings
Item                        |Value
----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------
VPN Connection Setting Name |japan0
Status                      |Connected
VPN Server Hostname         |222.228.120.128:1950 (Direct TCP/IP Connection)
Virtual Hub                 |vpngate
Virtual Network Adapter Name|se
The command completed successfully.

the account export file "/home/luke/japan0.vpn":

# VPN Client VPN Connection Setting File
#
# This file is exported using the VPN Client Manager.
# The contents of this file can be edited using a text editor.
#
# When this file is imported to the Client Connection Manager
#  it can be used immediately.

declare root
{
 bool CheckServerCert false
 uint64 CreateDateTime 0
 uint64 LastConnectDateTime 0
 bool StartupAccount false
 uint64 UpdateDateTime 0

 declare ClientAuth
 {
  uint AuthType 0
  string Username vpn
 }
 declare ClientOption
 {
  string AccountName japan0
  uint AdditionalConnectionInterval 1
  uint ConnectionDisconnectSpan 0
  string DeviceName se
  bool DisableQoS false
  bool HalfConnection false
  bool HideNicInfoWindow false
  bool HideStatusWindow false
  string Hostname 222.228.120.128
  string HubName vpngate
  uint MaxConnection 1
  bool NoRoutingTracking false
  bool NoTls1 false
  bool NoUdpAcceleration false
  uint NumRetry 4294967295
  uint Port 1950
  uint PortUDP 0
  string ProxyName $
  byte ProxyPassword $
  uint ProxyPort 0
  uint ProxyType 0
  string ProxyUsername $
  bool RequireBridgeRoutingMode false
  bool RequireMonitorMode false
  uint RetryInterval 15
  bool UseCompress false
  bool UseEncrypt true
 }
}

Now the vpn account is connected.  Under Linux, the routing table is not modified automatically as under Windows. We need to manually tweak routing information to make SoftEther VPN work.

The key point here is : DHCP the virtual NIC to obtain virtual IP from VPN Server;  add a route to VPN server via your original normal gateway, and modify the default route to use the VPN NIC and VPN gateway( the virtual address).

Before we tweak the routing table, enable ip forward in "/etc/sysctl.conf"

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

and load it by:

sysctl -p

Now we are going to change the routing table.

luke@luke-debian:~$ ip addr show vpn_se
10: vpn_se: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 500
    link/ether 00:ac:dd:07:19:70 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet6 fe80::2ac:ddff:fe07:1970/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
luke@luke-debian:~$ sudo dhclient vpn_se
luke@luke-debian:~$ ip addr show vpn_se
10: vpn_se: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 500
    link/ether 00:ac:dd:07:19:70 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.211.1.63/16 brd 10.211.255.255 scope global vpn_se
    inet6 fe80::2ac:ddff:fe07:1970/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
luke@luke-debian:~$ ip neigh
192.168.100.1 dev wlan0 lladdr 00:1c:f0:4d:a0:a8 REACHABLE
10.211.254.254 dev vpn_se lladdr 00:ac:50:16:c8:27 REACHABLE
172.31.224.99 dev vpn_se lladdr 00:ae:df:62:34:d9 STALE

After the dhcp process, vpn_se acquires an virtual ip address "inet 10.211.1.63/16" from vpn server,  and we can see from "ip neigh" that the virtual IP address of vpn server is "10.211.254.254".

Now we are going to add two routes to facilitate all traffic through new create VPN. My laptop is connected to router 192.168.100.1 via wireless "wlan0".

$ ip route
default via 192.168.100.1 dev wlan0
10.211.0.0/16 dev vpn_se  proto kernel  scope link  src 10.211.1.63
169.254.0.0/16 dev wlan0  scope link  metric 1000
172.16.125.0/24 dev vmnet1  proto kernel  scope link  src 172.16.125.1
192.168.86.0/24 dev vmnet8  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.86.1
192.168.100.0/24 dev wlan0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.100.101
$ sudo ip route add 222.228.120.128/32 via 192.168.100.1 dev wlan0
$ sudo ip route del default
$ sudo ip route add default via 10.211.254.254 dev vpn_se
$ ip route show
default via 10.211.254.254 dev vpn_se
10.211.0.0/16 dev vpn_se  proto kernel  scope link  src 10.211.1.63
192.168.100.0/24 dev wlan0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.100.101
222.228.120.128 via 192.168.100.1 dev wlan0
luke@luke-debian:~$ ping 8.8.8.8
PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_req=1 ttl=47 time=263 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_req=2 ttl=47 time=270 ms
^C
--- 8.8.8.8 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 263.462/266.788/270.114/3.326 ms

$ ping youtube.com
PING youtube.com (74.125.235.201) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from kix01s01-in-f9.1e100.net (74.125.235.201): icmp_req=1 ttl=55 time=209 ms
64 bytes from kix01s01-in-f9.1e100.net (74.125.235.201): icmp_req=2 ttl=55 time=214 ms
64 bytes from kix01s01-in-f9.1e100.net (74.125.235.201): icmp_req=3 ttl=55 time=253 ms

64 bytes from kix01s01-in-f9.1e100.net (74.125.235.201): icmp_req=4 ttl=55 time=207 ms

luke@luke-debian:~$ traceroute 8.8.8.8
traceroute to 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1  * * *
 2  * * *
 3  * * *
 4  * * *
 5  * * *
 6  *^C

After the route is set up correctly, we can see the default routing has been directed to VPN tunnel. We can confirm this from the output of "traceroute" since all hops could not be displayed any more.

A bash script will save lots of typing.

$ cat /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto-hotplug vpn_se
iface vpn_se inet dhcp

$ cat route.sh

#!/bin/bash
if [ "x$2" == "x" ];
then
  echo "vpn server ip missing!  ./route.sh add/del vpn_server_ip "

else

 case "$1" in

 add)

 # restore default route to home network
 ip route delete default
 ip route add default via 192.168.100.1 dev wlan0

 # obtain ip address for vpn_se
 ifdown vpn_se
 ifup vpn_se

 # add route to vpn server

 ip route add $2/32 via 192.168.100.1 dev wlan0
 ip route delete default
 ip route add default via 10.211.254.254 dev vpn_se

 ;;

 del)

 ip route del $2/32
 ip route del default
 ip route add default via 192.168.100.1 dev wlan0
 ifdown vpn_se

 ;;

 esac

fi


How to install Kodak 305 Photo Printer Driver

As our both research found out the (currently developed) gutenprint-5.2.12 has finally some support for this printer.

Further research brought up the following blog-entry: http://www.peachyphotos.com/blog/posts/201610061508-mitsubishi-cp-d70-family-working/

We could either get the source-code from here https://sourceforge.net/projects/gimp-print/files/gutenprint-5.2/5.2.12-pre4/ and compile it. But since this is a pretty hefty endeavor getting  all the dependencies and stuff right, we will take a shortcut.

Debian experimental has this version already packaged, so we'll download them there and install it in our system. We will need the following two packages: printer-driver-gutenprint and libgutenprint2. The necessary links we can fetch with a few clicks from here: https://packages.debian.org/source/experimental/gutenprint

Since you want to run the printer on your raspberry we'll need to get the armhf packages - for other architectures simply change it in the wget commands. And since we want a clean work area we will create an extra folder:

mkdir guten-new
cd guten-new
wget http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/g/gutenprint/printer-driver-gutenprint_5.2.12~pre4-1_armhf.deb
wget http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/g/gutenprint/libgutenprint2_5.2.12~pre4-1_armhf.deb

Before we install them lets clean up a little:

sudo apt-get purge libgutenprint2 driver-printer-gutenprint

Now lets install them - still in the folder guten-new we run:

sudo dpkg -i libgutenprint2_5.2.12~pre4-1_armhf.deb
sudo dpkg -i printer-driver-gutenprint_5.2.12~pre4-1_armhf.deb
sudo apt-get install -f

So finally to get these things working we do what peachy told us in the above mentioned blog entry:

mkdir guten-finish
cd guten-finish
git clone http://git.shaftnet.org/cgit/selphy_print.git/
cd selphy_print
make
sudo make install
cd lib70x
make
sudo make install
sudo bash
echo '/usr/local/lib' >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf
ldconfig
exit
cd ..

Now with the printer attached and running we finally run:

sudo ./mitsu70x testjobs/kodak_305_4x6-8bpp.raw

And if we are lucky the printer starts doing what it is build for ...

Lastly in Cups we can set the printer up - take care it uses gutenprint52+usb. On a terminal we can check this with lpstat -s. The output should look similar to this:

device for Canon_SELPHY_ES1: gutenprint52+usb://Canon/SELPHY%20ES1?serial=221CD10131&backend=canonselphy


Problem when upgrading to Ubuntu 14.04 from Ubuntu 12.04

You probably had a ppa before for installing Opera? If that is the case then it's likely that that ppa has not yet been updated for 14.04.

You can remove the offending item from your sources list by pressing the Super key and getting up 'Software & Updates', going through to the 'Other Software' tab and unticking the opera entry. (This will get rid of the error).

To actually get Opera back, I would have a look on their site, or use the instructions here:

http://www.enqlu.com/2014/04/how-to-install-opera-browser-on-ubuntu.html


Disks become corrupt and un-readable when burned using Brasero Disk Burner

I to have run into this problem.  After MUCH searching I've found this.

Ubuntu bug tracker

After reading this, I was able to burn a disk without the 'on the fly' option.  burned a cd of pictures (which was when I noticed the problem) at 36x and it worked fine when done.

Its high priority and someone is working on it.  It seems to effect cds, dvds, and bluray.


Yes, you can use that printer with Ubuntu. Chances are that the printer will be recognized out-of-the-box and the necessary drivers will be installed automatically. If not then you can download the drivers from http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/search/01/search/ (type C67 in the product name field and choose Linux operating system) to install them manually.


Recover File Deleted on Encrypted Hard Drive?

If you can recover a drive from a filesystem of an unencrypted drive you should also be able to recover the file under the same circumstances from an encrypted drive, given that you can still mount the filesystem on the encrypted drive. Simply speaking, there should be no difference. The key here is that the filesystem on top still works as designed, no matter how the underlying storage blocks are organized and encrypted or not.

If you use filesystem encryption like ecryptfs instead of whole drive encryption, you have encrypted files on a filesystem of an unencrypted disk, so this would be exactly the same as without encryption, just the content of the file and its size is different.

If you use SSDs remember that there exists things like TRIM.


How can I add an SSH key to Gitlab through a bash executable?

The first problem you need to solve when using the Gitlab REST API is the authentification, nicely explained in the docs here. I use a personal access token in this post which creation is explained here, but for you with a script authenticating as a specific user an Impersonation token (see here for the creation) may be better suited.

To add an ssh key I need:

POST /user/keys

To send data (and subsequently use the POST method) curl provides the -d option, required fields are title and key. As the default header is Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded but the API expects json I have to specify that using the -H option:

$ curl -d '{"title":"test key","key":"'"$(cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub)"'"}' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' https://gitlab.com/api/v4/user/keys?private_token=<my_access_token>
{"id":3889765,"title":"test key","key":"ssh-rsa <my_ssh_key>","created_at":"2019-08-01T21:26:40.952Z"}

Now to test the change I just list my ssh keys. The docs say I have to use GET /user/keys, as GET is curl’s default method I just do:

$ curl https://gitlab.com/api/v4/user/keys?private_token=<my_access_token>
[{"id":3889765,"title":"test key","key":"ssh-rsa <my_ssh_key>","created_at":"2019-08-01T21:26:40.952Z"}]

I did this just for testing, so I’m going to delete the key with DELETE /user/keys/:key_id – note that :key_id needs to be substituted by the id of the key to delete:

$ curl -X DELETE https://gitlab.com/api/v4/user/keys/3889765?private_token=<my_access_token>

Here’s a nice article about curl and the common REST methods.


I had a similar problem https://askubuntu.com/questions/505737/ubuntu-14-04-hangs-during-shutdown-sticks-on-plymouth-splash-screen-only-respo/581407#581407

Mine resolved either by itself or by update, however when it was happening to me i was getting the message

hub 1-0:1.0: connect-rebounce failed, port 5 disabled
hub 1-0:1.0: connect-rebounce failed, port 6 disabled

and the command

lsusb

froze. I read somewhere this can be related to dirty USB ports feeding back too much info and preventing the computer from killing all proccesses. Try removing all unnecessary USB items and plug a USB device in and out a few times on each port to try to clean it. Or possibly use a vacuum.
Hope this helps.


Unable to connect to Cisco openconnect in ubuntu 19.10

The script /etc/vpnc/vpnc-script uses the now unsupported ip get route $NETWORK/$NETMASKLEN syntax.
I fixed that by changing the line 261 to

$IPROUTE route add `$IPROUTE route get "$NETWORK" | fix_ip_get_output | sed -e "s/^$NETWORK\$/$NETWORK\/$NETMASKLEN/"`


Can't upgrade Ubuntu 16.04 because "reboot required" error never goes away (even after a reboot)

Check if you have a file /var/run/reboot-required and if yes, delete it.


Rezize logical partitions (lvm) inside a LUKS encrypted partition

Solved using Blivet Gui on a Fedora live CD


reverse-depends: looking for reverse dependencies of source packages

TL;DR: You can use reverse-depends src:$(what-source libsslcommon2).

There is no libsslcommon2 source package. Instead, libsslcommon2 is one of a number of binary packages built from the qpid-cpp source package. In general, a binary package may or may not have the same name as the source package used to build it, and source packages may provide multiple binary packages.

The name of the source package for bash is also bash, but source package names cannot always be guessed from binary package names.

Two of the ways to check what source package is used to build a binary package are:

Search for the binary package name under "Packages" at https://launchpad.net/ubuntu.
Use the what-source command. (You must install what-utils  first. To do that from the command line, run sudo apt-get install what-utils.) For example, what-source libsslcommon2 outputs qpid-cpp.

In practice I usually use Launchpad because it often has other handy information I'm looking for at the same time. But with what-source and reverse-depends, you can write a single command to list the reverse dependencies associated with the source package for a particular binary package:

reverse-depends src:$(what-source libsslcommon2)

This uses command substitution--a $( ) expression is replaced by the output of the command written inside the parentheses.

You may be surprised at the output of that command, which, at least when run from my 15.04 system, is:

No reverse dependencies found

But really this is not so surprising. It means no binary packages except those built from the qpid-cpp source package depend on any binary packages built from the qpid-cpp source package. For example:

ek@Io:~$ reverse-depends libsslcommon2
Reverse-Depends
===============
* libsslcommon2-dev
* qpid-client
* qpidd

Packages without architectures listed are reverse-dependencies in: amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el
ek@Io:~$ what-source libsslcommon2-dev
qpid-cpp
ek@Io:~$ what-source qpid-client
qpid-cpp
ek@Io:~$ what-source qpidd
qpid-cpp

Finally, take note:

You do not need to run reverse-depends (nor what-source) as root. That is, sudo reverse-depends ... is unnecessary; run reverse-depends ... instead.
As far as the reverse-depends utility is concerned, a source package's reverse dependencies are the reverse dependencies of the binary packages that are built from the source package. The specific binary package they depend on is listed in parentheses to the right of the package name, in the output of reverse-depends src:....

The reverse dependencies of a source package, as listed by reverse-depends, are still binary packages, not source packages. For example, the output of reverse-depends src:bash includes:

* netscript-2.4                 (for bash)
* netscript-2.4-upstart         (for bash)

This is even though there is no netscript-2.4-upstart source package. Instead, the netscript-2.4 and netscript-2.4-upstart binary packages are both built from the netscript-2.4 source package.
The reverse dependencies of a source package are not the same as the reverse build dependencies of a package. The reverse build dependencies of a package are the other packages that require the package in order to be built, but not necessarily to be installed once built. If you're looking for reverse build dependencies, invoke reverse-depends with the -b flag.


I've found a solution:
by installing the deb for 32 bit I realized I was missing some libraries (in addition to ia32-libs and libc6). I first solved this problem by giving this command: sudo apt-get install -f.

Then I got another error: Message: SDL_GL_LoadLibrary Error: Failed loading libGL.so.1

Obviously, these libraries were properly installed. Without going into details I had to link the libraries by hand. I realized then that could also an easier solution through Synaptic install the following packages: libgl1-mesa-glx:i386, libgl1-mesa-dri:i386.

After that the next problem was the black screen while playing, which I solved by replacing the executable in /Shank/bin with this: http://treefort.icculus.org/smb/smb-linux-mesa-hotfix-test.tar.bz2.

I hope it will be useful to someone. If you need more help or more details please feel free to contact me.


Can I prevent Ubuntu One sync files over 100 mb for example?

Ubuntu One will normally sync all the files in and directories designated for synchronization so there's no way to do this.


How to install VLC, gParted and other apps using a Ubuntu LiveUSB?

Stock Ubuntu may require more bandwidth than you expect.

Snapd will check and download snap updates every 4 hours
Apt will check and download deb updates every 24 hours. This may include whole new web browsers, office suites, and kernels every few weeks.

You are describing normal behavior. The "Try Ubuntu" environment is merely a limited snapshot of a working system. It's not the system that will be installed. There will be no continuity between the Try Ubuntu environment and the installed system.

Packages that were downloaded to a normal non-persistent Try Ubuntu environment are lost forever upon reboot.
Packages that were downloaded to a (modified) persistent Try Ubuntu environment can be manually moved across to the installed system. But it requires skills that most new users simply don't have: You must be able to mount the persistent partition, understand the filesystem and know what you are looking for, and know how to copy files using the command line.


Creating Hotspot while remaining connected to WI-FI

Yes, there is a a solution to having both a HotSpot and a WiFi connection regardless of the OS, including Ubuntu (and it's the only solution there is) and that is to:

have 2 WiFi cards

(one used as a HotSpot and the other to connect to the WiFi)

Probably not what you wanted to hear, but it's the only correct answer there is, unfortunately...


Technical differences between ways in which UNIX and Windows "mount" devices

Basic technical differences between Unix mounting (single tree) and Windows drive letters (multi forested):

The Unix root file system allows for other file system to be placed inside it, giving it a branched structure from a single point.
The Windows drives allow for multiple root file systems, but don't allow any other file system inside.
Each Unix mount point has group/owner/all permissions for reading, writing and access.
Unix mount points can be removed and added through commands, including reading to custom locations for testing and fixing.
Windows drives have a natural list of available partitions/drives which is easily visible from the desktop and reflected directly in the file system structure.
There is a fixed limit to the number of drive letters available in windows, there s no such limit to unix mounting.
Network mounting is transparent and files from the network are placed in a location specific for the client machine.
Unix mounting allows for fusefs which provides interesting access to data. Generative folders which are not possible unless you have unix like mounting.
In unix A drive can be mounted into a specific location according to the booting operating system. In one os on the same machine a partition may be mounted to /media/backup and in another os it might be mounted to /home/
Any part of your operating system's files can be put onto their own mount. Either a different partition, disk or even network or cloud storage mounts. This enables thin clients to load their operating system from the network (nfs).
The chroot process allows you to change the root in a unix file system an effectively swap out the running system for a new one, without restarting. This is impossible with drive letters as they're all pre-assigned.

This isn't an exhaustive list and may need to be cleaned up in the future.


How to download applications from Ubuntu Software Center

You can either open the software centre and search for VLC and install it (you will need to enter you password) or you can follow this link and click the download button, it will automatically open VLC in the Software Centre.

You can also open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and then copy and paste sudo apt-get install vlc. It will ask for you password, but you won't be able to see it typing - don't worry, it is still registering your key presses. Press enter when you have typed it.


You don't need to burn the ISO image to a DVD or create a Boot USB with it. When Virtualbox prompts you for the DVD to install change it to the directory where you've downloaded the Centos ISO:

I couldn't find an image for selecting a Centos ISO but here is an image for installing Windows 10 ISO. Complete instructions found here: https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/how-to-use-virtualbox/


Can't browse samba share, get a "Cannot retrieve share list from server" error

gksudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf

Check your workgroup

# Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part of
workgroup = WORKGROUP

Change if needed.

Keep me informed


npm is not updating my node.js correctly

NVM handles the package for node. Just make sure NVM is configured to use the recent version.

you can use this command to check and configure.

nvm ls
nvm use 10.16.0


If it doesn't exist, create it:

sudo mkdir /usr/lib/jvm
sudo mv ./jre1.7.0_04 /usr/lib/jvm/jre1.7.0


Does Ubuntu have any comic/anime/manga/series about it?

There is Ubunchu, which is about three high school students in a club getting started with Ubuntu. It claims to be the world's first Japanese Ubuntu manga translated into English.

EDIT: Here is a direct link to the "official" site for the series, which links back to the other page for translations.


Open your terminal and type these commands and run these commands as root user

sudo apt-get install wget build-essential apache2 php5-gd libgd2-xpm libgd2-xpm-dev libapache2-mod-php5

wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nagios-4.0.8.tar.gz

useradd nagios
groupadd nagcmd
usermod -a -G nagcmd nagios

./configure --with-nagios-group=nagios --with-command-group=nagcmd -–with-mail=/usr/bin/sendmail

make all
make install
make install-init
make install-config
make install-commandmode
make install-webconf
cp -R contrib/eventhandlers/ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/
chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec/eventhandlers
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
/etc/init.d/nagios start

htpasswd –c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin

cd /tmp/nagios-plugins-2.0
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
make
make install

ln -s /etc/init.d/nagios /etc/rcS.d/S99nagios

and finally open this link in your browser

http://<your.nagios.server.ip>/nagios

Note: If you just google , you can find this document very easily

http://assets.nagios.com/downloads/nagioscore/docs/Installing_Nagios_Core_From_Source.pdf

I thought I have helped you enough.

Let me know if any issue.

Jai Hind.


I think this should be perfectly okay to chain the apt repositories, and also ok for them to update every n days (cron can be used for this).  I also see no pitfals other than synchronization.  300GB is more than enough (mine mirror takes ~150GB for multiverse, backports and security of bionic/18.04).
Synchronization
Since you will use cron for updating your repos, the best you can is to trigger synchronization at X:00 hour in public zone, at X+1 hour in your first zone, and so on.  This is in order to get the latest updates to your most-secured zone asap (within one synchronization cascade).  If you try to sync the zones in the oposite order (the public syncs as the last) you will have to wait days for the arrival of your critical updates to your highest-security zone.
Your architecture
Public | Zone 1 | Zone 2 | ...
Example cron configs
Create crons as "apt-mirror" user:
sudo -u apt-mirror crontab -e

in the appropriate mirror:
# m h  dom mon dow   command
0  0   *   *   *    /usr/bin/apt-mirror     # in public mirror
0  1   *   *   *    /usr/bin/apt-mirror     # in zone 1 mirror
0  2   *   *   *    /usr/bin/apt-mirror     # in zone 2 mirror
0  3   *   *   1    /usr/bin/apt-mirror     # in zone 3 mirror, weekly

Note, that the fresh updates will "flow" as in a waterfall, from one mirror deeper into the zones to the other mirror.  In the morning you will have the fresh updates in the deepest zone ready to install.
Install at the mirror-server
All you need on Ubuntu 18.04 and 16.04 is actually this: https://blog.programster.org/set-up-a-local-ubuntu-mirror-with-apt-mirror - I have tested this in my scenario of "zones".
I hope all other installs are reasonably clear to you?  I can edit and put an extract of the manual linked above, if more details needed.


Kubuntu Bounce Keys Personalization, Universal Access

In Kubuntu 20.04 the minimum value achievable via System Settings > Accessibility is 100ms. If that's not enough you could try to set it using a command line program called xkbset.
I had a quick go and set a value of 20ms, but I don't have any means to test it as my keyboard doesn't have the issue you're having. I left the feature in KDE Accessibility Settings 'off' as it might otherwise interfere.
First install xkbset:
sudo apt install xkbset

Then run the command to set the bounce keys delay to 20ms:
xkbset bouncekeys 20

You can verify the current value by running:
xkbset q

and look for the following values:
Bounce-Keys = On
Debounce Delay = 20

The settings don't survive a reboot, so you could create the following (executable) script:
#!/bin/sh
#set-debounce-delay.sh
xkbset bouncekeys 20

And add it to the KDE Autostart Scripts System Settings > Startup and Shutdown (under Workspace) > Autostart > Add script...
Thanks to this post.


Unreliable wireless connection with an Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6230

You can fix it by running in terminal

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi-opt.conf <<< "options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1"

then reboot.

You can revert it by sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi-opt.conf.

To keep the 802.11n, you can try the 11n_disable=8 option.


How can I allow the IP range xxx.xx.xxx.x/yy

Let's start

clear existing chains

sudo iptables --flush
sudo iptables --delete-chain

allow loopback

sudo iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT

Optional: allow all ICMP

sudo iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT

allow established connections

sudo iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

then rule for all incoming traffic from xxx.xx.xxx.x/yy

sudo iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -s xxx.xx.xxx.x/yy -j ACCEPT

deny all accept above rules

sudo iptables -A INPUT -j DROP

default policies

sudo iptables -P INPUT DROP
sudo iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT

save

sudo service iptables save

Try.


How to run Ubuntu 13.04 with 3D acceleration using intel HD 4000?

try creating a /etc/X11/xorg.conf file with this in it

Section "Device"
   Identifier  "Intel Graphics"
   Driver      "intel"
   Option      "AccelMethod"  "uxa"
EndSection

then restart or run sudo service lightdm restart from a tty [Ctrl]+[Alt]+[F2]If that works please file a bug report using the command ubuntu-bug xorg


Can install Lubuntu 13.10 but can't 12.04 on Lifebook C1320D

In the first place Lubuntu 12.04 has reached End of Life which means that you will get no more security patches or updates for the Lubuntu portion of the version.  Updates to the core (Ubuntu 12.04) will of course still be available.  Recommend you download and install Lubuntu 14.04 which is a Long Term Support version.
Your computer is more than likely recognizing the USB flash drive as another hard drive so when you boot, choose F2 or whatever key will get you to your BIOS.  Then navigate to boot and down to hard drive.  You may see a + sign by the hard drive.  Choose it and see if your flash drive is included there.  If it is move it to the top.  Save, close, and continue with the boot.


How to install the latest Java OpenJDK version?

I Just used this line in terminal:

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre

Hope it work for you.


Is there any way to use my Samsung Galaxy S3 as USB modem on Ubuntu PC?

Yes. Just enable USB tethering on your phone and Ubuntu will see an USB ethernet device on which your phone will provide an address on (DHCP). Don't use the USB-modem approach, that's much harder.

See this video on how to enable it on your phone.


How can I get audiobooks from Banshee's 'Internet Archive' plugin into my library?

This is because of how Banshee is setup, it has nothing to do with IA itself.

The main reason you can't download is probably because the Banshee developers didn't care enough to add in that feature, and you can, and probably should, add a request to be able to do that.

You can, however, download the file without opening up your browser. Just open up nautilus or whatever file browser you use and drag the file from the files pane to your nautilus window. You still have to import in Banshee, but at least you don't need to open your web browser.


How to connect to my computer from a chromebook via SSH?

You can install the openssh-server with the following command on your desktop

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

After the installation is complete (it just take about a minute), you should be able to SSH to it by:

ssh USERNAME@IP

USERNAME is the username on your desktop system, IP is its IP address.


I cannot use any installation command because of GLIBC_2.28 error

You have 16.04 repository set in your sources.list file.

I suggest to remove that file by

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list

Then run

software-properties-gtk

and check there repositories like main, universe, etc.

That should create a new sources.list file with bionic reposiories instead of xenial.

Another way is to run sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

and paste there this text

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

Then save it by Ctrl+O and exit by Ctrl+X.

Run sudo apt update.


Which database to use for quickly and pygtk

You should consider using SQLite as database engine. It is very easy to use because it stores everything on disk in a single file, and Python comes with a SQLite module by default.

You can also use an ORM, such as SQLObject or SQLAlchemy so you write your code once, and can deploy on all kind of database engines. It makes things more fun too, because of the Pythonic approach.


chmod does nothing when i try to install a sh file

The command chmod does not run a script. It only marks it as executable or not.

You can verify if a file is executable running the command ls -l your_file, which will output something like this:

-rw-r--r--  1 user  user          0 jul  5 16:34 your_file

As you see there is no x in the first column, meaning that the file is not executable.

Let's the mark it as executable:

$ chmod +x your_file

Check again with ls -l your_file:

-rwxr-xr-x  1 user  user          0 jul  5 16:34 your_file

Now the x means that it is executable and you can run it typing

$ ./your_file

Note: There's of course the matter of permissions, users and groups, but that's another monster that may make the answer much more complicated than needed.


Open Dash and type Startup Applications. Activate the Chat service. If you don't have it you can create it with:

Name: Chat

Command: telepathy-indicator

Description: Telepathy Indicator Service


I had the same problem after upgrading to Ubuntu 17.10. Suddenly, my CIFS shares would no longer mount. Adding vers=1.0 to the mount options fixed it for me. Admittedly, this is a bit of a bodge, but some network share access is better than no network share access.

My /etc/fstab file previously had the following 4 lines at the bottom:

# Network File Shares
//phc.imsu.ox.ac.uk/phc     /mnt/PHC        cifs    credentials=/home/benjamin/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm,dir_mode=0777,file_mode=0777 0   0
//phc.imsu.ox.ac.uk/departments /mnt/DEPARTMENTS    cifs    credentials=/home/benjamin/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm,dir_mode=0777,file_mode=0777 0   0
//femur.imsu.ox.ac.uk/phc_cprd  /mnt/PHC_CPRD       cifs    credentials=/home/benjamin/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm,dir_mode=0777,file_mode=0777 0   0

Changing them to:

# Network File Shares
//phc.imsu.ox.ac.uk/phc     /mnt/PHC        cifs    credentials=/home/benjamin/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm,dir_mode=0777,file_mode=0777,vers=1.0    0   0
//phc.imsu.ox.ac.uk/departments /mnt/DEPARTMENTS    cifs    credentials=/home/benjamin/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm,dir_mode=0777,file_mode=0777,vers=1.0    0   0
//femur.imsu.ox.ac.uk/phc_cprd  /mnt/PHC_CPRD       cifs    credentials=/home/benjamin/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm,dir_mode=0777,file_mode=0777,vers=1.0    0   0

Resolved the issue.


dual boot - correct procedure to resize paritions with ubuntu 18.10 and windows 10

An idea would be to install ubuntu to an extra external HD. Each OS will have more space and unless you do heavy read/writes, not much slowness.


Can't run/install Ubuntu from USB: "Error setting up gfxboot"

I solved this issue by actually changing the boot order in the BIOS rather than just trying to temporarily boot from the USB. I now have Ubuntu 16.04 successfully installed.


Error mounting /dev/sdb1 at /media/ on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

open terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T and run

sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdb1


Software Updater requires installation of untrusted packages from unauthenticated sources

Open terminal and run these commands

sudo apt-get clean
cd /var/lib/apt
sudo mv lists lists.old
sudo mkdir -p lists/partial
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update

reference


What Is gdomap?

gdomap is a daemon used by GNUstep programs. GNUstep is a framework for building applications that adheres to the OpenStep API specifications.

Is it safe to disable/remove gdomap?

Richard Frith-Macdonald stated the following in 2010:

  The gdomap deamon is completely unused for most applications!   I don't think
  any GNUstep applications use it in normal operation (ie if you haven't given
  them command-line options to tell them to communicate between different
  hosts/users).  The vast majority of DO connections are private to a single user
  on a single machine and use message ports (implemented as unix domain sockets
  or as message queues on mswindows) and they don't need/use a namesperver as
  name information is written to the local filesystem (or windows registry).

I don't know if every application using the gdomap daemon has to register a name, but I listed the registered applications and found nothing:

$ gdomap -N
No names currently registered with gdomap

I also listed to see what other applications listed gnustep as a dependency and only found gnustep-games:

$ sudo apt-cache rdepends gnustep
gnustep
Reverse Depends:
  gnustep-games

How do I disable/remove gdomap?

So, you can temporarily turn gdomap off until the next restart:

$ sudo service gdomap stop

Or, you can stop the service and prevent it from starting on boot:

$ sudo service gdomap stop
$ sudo update-rc.d -f gdomap remove
# re-enable with: sudo update-rc.d gdomap defaults

Or, you can completely remove GNUStep:

$ sudo apt-get remove --purge gnustep
# NOTE: I had to run this too:
$ sudo apt-get autoremove

I removed GNUStep on my server; if I encounter any issues I'll be sure to post back.


From WAN, VNC fails to connect through ssh 5900 tunnel if not also proxied locally

The problem here is the SSH tunnel setup in PuTTY.

Based on a web tutorial, I set up my 5900 SHH tunnel with the LAN IP adress of the server 192.168.1.110, so it looked like L5900  192.168.1.110:5900 in PuTTY.  Target host was also 192.168.1.110.  As we know this worked fine.

Then I configured my SSH session with PuTTY for use abroad.  Shame on me, I used the WAN IP in both the target host and the tunnel.  I now realize that when it received packets destined to port 5900, the OpenSSH server did as instructed - it forwarded them to my NAT router (or tried to, anyway, as the pointer was to a WAN address).

The sure way to configure PuTTY is to always use the LAN IP for the 5900 tunnel.  Better yet, as in my case the VNC server is on the same machine as the OpenSSH server, just use localhost for the tunnel, as in L5900  localhost:5900.


Directory with readable and unreadable files

If you make your directory permission to 700 by

$ chmod -R 700 foo

and even if you do 777 to any other file inside it, then any other user cannot access the directory contents. So ultimately making the files inside it unreadable.

To resolve that you can create symbolic links of your log files in a directory with public read permissions, and also give read permissions to the links also.


Problem with restarting Apache2 on Ubuntu Server 14.04

Adding "Include /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf" leads to the following error:

  [warn] The Alias directive in /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf at line 3
  will probably never match because it overlaps an earlier Alias.

when restarting Apache.

Commenting it out again resolves this issue.

According to this https://help.ubuntu.com/community/phpMyAdmin adding the include line should not be necessary, at least not in Ubuntu 9.04 (and presumably it also works fine in Ubuntu 12.04).

Source: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/articles/how-to-install-and-secure-phpmyadmin-on-ubuntu-12-04 (comments from Arjan Dasselaar )

You can also try to rename your phpmyadmin.conf for a test.


No client internet access when setting up these iptables rules

The issue lies in my iptables although I am not sure where. A clean sweep fixed it given to be my a gentleman on ubuntu forums.

iptables --flush
iptables --table nat --flush
iptables --delete-chain
#
#
iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -m conntrack --ctstate NEW,ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -j ACCEPT

I hope this helps others! I now have to add each rule one by one again. Thank you all for the help.

Also, you should save your iptables with iptables-save > /somewhere/iptables.conf (or some filename) and then add a pre-up iptables-restore < /somewhere/iptables.conf (or whatever) under eth0 in /etc/network/interfaces.

This will make sure the rule list is loaded before the nic is active. Make sure to re-save when you make changes to iptables.


Trying to install Bluez, says I need D-bus library?

On my machine (12.04) bluez is already installed by default. If it is not for you, it is available in the repositories so installing it should be as easy as

sudo apt-get install bluez


Extracted from their FAQ:

What are the system requirements to run ABCmouse.com?
A: ABCmouse.com can be used on any computer or mobile device that has access to the Internet and is capable of running Flash version 10.2 or higher. For the best experience, you should have a broadband connection to the Internet, such as DSL, cable, or satellite.
For iPad/iPhone users, we have created an app that allows you to access our site even though the iPad/iPhone is not compatible with Adobe Flash. For more information about accessing ABCmouse.com from these devices, please read directly below.

So, as long as you have Flash version 10.2 or better it should run.


How do I download a torrent file from PirateBay?

Ubuntu comes with preinstalled  transmission.

Open dash and search for transmission BitTorrent client , click on it and just drag the torrent link to the bit torrent. It will ask you where to download , provide the path . thats it.

Here is the screen short of  .

Advice : I use qBittorrent instead of transmission.

For installing qBittorrent ,preferred method  go to ubuntu-software-center and search for qbittorrent and click install or use

sudo apt-get install qbittorrent

and provide your password. hope it helped you.


MAAS nodes stuck on "maas-enlisting-node"

What you are describing is expected behavior. Once a machine enters into the maas-enlisting-mode, cloud-init will run certain code and will enlist the machine in MAAS. These may take a few minutes provided on how fast it can retrieve the packages from the Internet and install them. Once this finishes, the machines will power off by themselves and they will be available in the MAAS WebUI.


can't sync certain characters with rsync

In Linux you can't have a '/' character in a filename as this character is used for folders. So you have to rename the files before syncing them to a Linux file system.

I don't know about scripts in MacOS but there is certainly a possibility to rename all your files with a script (e.g. to month_day_year...). If you can't do it yourself you could find help in the Super User community.


I get dependency issues with linux-image-pae while upgrading

linux-image-generic-pae is a transitional package, which means it doesn't exist anymore in the repos since linux-image-generic includes the pae funcionality.

I would remove it, making sure you have the real package installed:

sudo apt-get install linux-image-generic

If it's already installed, just in case:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall linux-image-generic

And then:

sudo apt-get remove linux-image-generic-pae


How do I permanently delete networked printers?

Login to https://localhost:631/printers/ and delete there. Fast and simple.

If you don't like CUPS printer auto discovery - disable it: How do I disable automatic remote printer installation?


Don't use Unetbootin. Try Universal USB Installer. It's easier and it gives you more options of distributions. Here goes the link:

Universal USB Installer


ddlient returning 127.0.0.1 instead of external IP

Now look at who is asking this question.  Hi Pit!

From what I understand you don't need to get any of the local interfaces, just the webservice based one.
I have one service left using dyndns.org (the rest I migrated to my own platform), and I'm in a similar situation.  web-skip is empty though. (Also it runs on OpenBSD and is a bit older version)

That's the only significant difference I see.  Here is my config (granted, as I said running on OpenBSD)

# grep -v ^# ddclient.conf | grep -v ^$
daemon=300                              # check every 300 seconds
syslog=yes                              # log update msgs to syslog
mail=root                               # mail all msgs to root
mail-failure=root                       # mail failed update msgs to root
pid=/var/run/ddclient.pid               # record PID in file.
ssl=no                                  # use ssl-support.  Works with
                                        # ssl-library
                                        # new IP is added as argument.
use=web,                                \
web=ip.myownplatform.lu,                \
web-skip=''
login=user                              # default login
password=secret                         # default password
custom=yes,                             \
server=members.dyndns.org,              \
protocol=dyndns2                        \
jawtheshark.com

As you see, most of the other changes are irrelevant.  The only real difference I see is web-skip=''

Perhaps something to try?


How to get the name of internal bluetooth adapter

Bluetooth are not always detected as "Bluetooth" in lsusb.

In most cases bluetooth adapters use usb interface. You can run lsusb and look for it there. The word "Bluetooth" may be there or may not.

Also in many cases laptops have combined Wi-Fi/bluetooth chips.

So most likely you will get the required information by running:

lspci -knn | grep Net -A2; lsusb

This way you will get the ID of your Wi-Fi adapter and the list of your USB devices.


My computer boots to Grub Rescue --> (initramfs)

It sounds to me like you may have installed grub on the 2nd drive when you were installing your "backup". try booting from your 2nd drive and see if Grub comes up like it is supposed to.

There may have aslo been an error when you were installing grub. You can download a utility called Rescatux that will allow you to reinstall Grub. If my first recommendation doesnt work try installing grub with the Rescatux utility to your /dev/sda and then try booting into your installation.

Rescatux utility can be found here: http://www.supergrubdisk.org/rescatux/


Well, running VLC from a terminal gives a 404 error, meaning the file is not found, but this is with a .M4C extension! Changing to a .M4V, I have a black screen with controls, apparently to play a 30 seconds file... but it doesn't play anything!

My guess is the file is corrupted or not valid! I tried to open it via TunesViewer and it gives me - .M4C or .M4V, same error -

Download Error: timed out

and when you download it via TV and then open it (it calls 'totem') you get the error

the stream is encrypted and decryption is not supported

Are you able to open it - the file or the stream - one way or another?

Here is the info requested by @LiveWireBT :

  General
  Complete name                            :  mzvf_5091800164576836550.640x480.h264lc.D2.p.m4v
  Format                                   : MPEG-4
  Codec ID                                 : M4V
  File size                                : 3.99 MiB
  Duration                                 : 30s 0ms
  Overall bit rate                         : 1 116 Kbps
  Encoded date                             : UTC 2013-01-09 06:31:37
  Tagged date                              : UTC 2013-01-09 06:31:37

  Video
  ID                                       : 1
  Format                                   : AVC
  Format/Info                              : Advanced Video Codec
  Format profile                           : Baseline@L3.0
  Format settings, CABAC                   : No
  Format settings, ReFrames                : 1 frame
  Codec ID                                 : avc1
  Codec ID/Info                            : Advanced Video Coding
  Duration                                 : 30s 0ms
  Source duration                          : 31s 615ms
  Bit rate                                 : 927 Kbps
  Width                                    : 640 pixels
  Height                                   : 480 pixels
  Display aspect ratio                     : 16:9
  Frame rate mode                          : Constant
  Frame rate                               : 23.976 fps
  Color space                              : YUV
  Chroma subsampling                       : 4:2:0
  Bit depth                                : 8 bits
  Scan type                                : Progressive
  Bits/(Pixel*Frame)                       : 0.126
  Stream size                              : 3.31 MiB (83%)
  Source stream size                       : 3.52 MiB (88%)
  Language                                 : English
  Encoded date                             : UTC 2013-01-09 06:31:37
  Tagged date                              : UTC 2013-01-09 06:31:37
  Color primaries                          : BT.601-6 525, BT.1358 525, BT.1700 NTSC, SMPTE 170M
  Transfer characteristics                 : BT.709-5, BT.1361
  Matrix coefficients                      : BT.601-6 525, BT.1358 525, BT.1700 NTSC, SMPTE 170M

  Audio
  ID                                       : 2
  Format                                   : AAC
  Format/Info                              : Advanced Audio Codec
  Format profile                           : LC
  Codec ID                                 : 40
  Duration                                 : 30s 0ms
  Source duration                          : 30s 23ms
  Bit rate mode                            : Constant
  Bit rate                                 : 128 Kbps
  Channel(s)                               : 2 channels
  Channel positions                        : Front: L R
  Sampling rate                            : 44.1 KHz
  Compression mode                         : Lossy
  Delay relative to video                  : -1s 300ms
  Stream size                              : 453 KiB (11%)
  Source stream size                       : 453 KiB (11%)
  Language                                 : English
  Encoded date                             : UTC 2013-01-09 06:31:37
  Tagged date                              : UTC 2013-01-09 06:31:37
  Encryption                               : iTunes

... but after a quick search and it looks like VLC can't decrypt iTunes protection, hence the message @Michael gets!


Installing Ubuntu without Grub 'ubiquity --no -bootloader'

Ubuntu is available in many forms (including flavors), and does include ISOs that use as the main installer

Ubiquity
Calamares
Subiquity

and more (eg. netboot), but which release you are using, plus ISO you download will dictate which installer is included. Most common is Ubiquity, however as you mention Calamares; it's used by Lubuntu since 18.10. You didn't specify a release or ISO tried.

Ubuntu can also install

using grub
using lilo
without boot loader

but your architecture also influences the best option for you. You specified neither release nor architecture, so I'll assume amd64 & provide a link to one of the installation guides (there are many such guides to, suited for different needs)

https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/installation-guide/amd64/


How to set ALSA default device to pulseaudio sound server on Docker?

Thanks to fsmunoz's this comment, I can play sounds on the container using pulseaudio, without modifying any config files. The points are the following:

Set PULSE_SERVER in order to let container's pulseaudio know the server address.
Add the container into the audio group.
Share pulseaudio's cookie.

And here is a working example:

$ sudo docker run -it \
    --device /dev/snd \
    -e PULSE_SERVER=unix:${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/pulse/native \
    -v ${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/pulse/native:${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/pulse/native \
    -v ~/.config/pulse/cookie:/root/.config/pulse/cookie \
    --group-add $(getent group audio | cut -d: -f3) \
    ubuntu:16.04 /bin/bash
root@9c9f7e0db4e3:/# apt update
root@9c9f7e0db4e3:/# apt install alsa-base alsa-utils pulseaudio
root@eed016c1fb61:/# aplay -L | head -n9
default
    Playback/recording through the PulseAudio sound server
null
    Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture)
pulse
    PulseAudio Sound Server
sysdefault:CARD=PCH
    HDA Intel PCH, ALC295 Analog
    Default Audio Device
root@9c9f7e0db4e3:/# aplay /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav
Playing WAVE '/usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav' : Signed 16 bit Little Endian, Rate 48000 Hz, Mono
root@9c9f7e0db4e3:/# paplay /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav  # Success!

Note: Still, I don't know why the cookie is needed. Without the cookie, an error ALSA lib pulse.c:243:(pulse_connect) PulseAudio: Unable to connect: Access denied occurred.


Maybe the solution for your problem is related to the openGL Framebuffer Object. Disable it, this way:

Install manager:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Run:

ccsm

Select the OpenGL section and then untick the Framebuffer Object option. If this fixes the issue it should be immediately visible. No reboot is required.

Clue from user: Flimm

You have set the password during the installation. You must remember that or you will need to reinstall.


ubuntu boots up once after boot repair disk, never again

As someone else answered, disable secure boot... Also I would create a LiveUSB boot drive with either MBR/UEFI or GPT/UEFI with Rufus when building from an Ubuntu ISO.

When that's finished, press the Window Key on the keyboard (or click the window/start button), and type "recovery opt" and hit enter. Select Advanced Startup, the system will boot into a console, select 'Use a device' or 'boot to a device' and you should see your UEFI USB boot disk you just created if its plugged in... make sure you are using USB 3.0 port and not the USB 2.0 port and reboot to your UEFI thumb drive, and install Ubuntu. The Ubuntu install script will detect your are booting in UEFI mode and install Ubuntu/Grub boot loader as UEFI compatible. Legacy Bios mode on these Toshiba Satellite series (L15W) do not work very well at all.

When doing this, Windows will still want to be the primary bootloader, so you have to keep going into Win 10, then recovery console, and then booting from device, choosing Ubuntu, every time you want to use Ubuntu until you change the order in which boot loader is attempted to load first by Toshiba.

You can use this software to switch GRUB2 to be loaded before the Windows boot manager:
http://www.easyuefi.com/index-us.html

But this is the least of your worries. These Toshiba series (L15W) have hard freezes in Linux at seemingly random times (all distro's I have installed have the same issue, either debian based or rpm based, so it most likely is a kernel issue with how it deals with the Toshiba-wmi and Toshiba_ACPI kernel modules in Linux). I posted a temporary work around in a few posts today, hoping others who own these same series of Toshiba laptops will report the bug as well when (not if) they run into it.

(I have had 3 replacements with the vendor so far because of this issue, and they all have had this issue, I can't seem to find anyone out there that can get this laptop to work in Linux without hard freezes/lockups, without setting up CPU thermal triggers to lower the CPU frequency.. (Linux cannot turn on the chassis fan inside, let alone even find it. Works fine in Windows 10 though).


How to avoid meson error when installing gtksourceview4 4.4.0-1

The instructions (and we'd rather see what you actually did, instead of what you were told to do) say to:

$ mkdir build

But, you've told meson to use

Build dir: /home/jeff/Programs/gtksourceview-4.4.0/biuild

"build" != "biuild"


Ubuntu 12.04 doesn't start after installing with LiveUSB

Purge and reinstall GRUB, following instructions HERE

Source: I had the same problem.


GNOME Terminal's Preferences window (as of version 3.28, shipped by Ubuntu 18.04) only offers you monospace fonts. It might need further investigation why your particular font is not believed to be monospace.

You can set any font using dconf (e.g. in dconf-editor), under /org/gnome/terminal/legacy/profiles:/:<profile-id>/font.


Can I use pacman package manager instead of apt in ubuntu?

Deb-pacman is a Bash script that emulates the functionality of Pacman (the package manager for Arch Linux and its variants). Using Deb-pacman, you can use the pacman commands in a Debian-based system the same way as you use them under Arch Linux to install, update, upgrade and remove packages. You can simply invoke pacman instead of apt command in your Ubuntu system. Deb-pacman emulates Arch Linux's Pacman package manager feel for Debian users who may prefer the style of pacman over apt. This can be helpful for those who got used to pacman in Arch Linux.
To install deb-pacman open the terminal and type:
cd ~/Desktop/
wget https://gitlab.com/TriVoxel/deb-pacman/uploads/9f716f95c66cd90e65157773d6dea05b/deb-pacman_1.0-0.deb
sudo apt update
sudo apt install ./deb-pacman_1.0-0.deb


My suspicion is that you've got two GRUB installations -- maybe one for one distribution and another for another; or one BIOS-mode and one EFI-mode. In either case, if you're updating the configuration file for one GRUB but another one executes, you'll see symptoms like what you're seeing.

If you've got two EFI-mode GRUB installations, you should see evidence of them in your sudo efibootmgr -v output and/or in files on your EFI System Partition (ESP), which is normally mounted at /boot/efi in Ubuntu. Try the following commands:

sudo efibootmgr -v
sudo find /boot/efi -iname "*.efi"

The first shows boot loaders that are registered with the firmware, including their paths. If you see multiple references to shim.efi, shimx64.efi, grub.efi, or grubx64.efi (that is, more than one from this set), that could be the issue. The second command finds all the boot programs on your ESP (assuming it's mounted at /boot/efi). Again, multiple boot programs could be an issue -- but in this case, one Shim can coexist with one GRUB; it's just multiple GRUB binaries that could be a problem.

If you've got one BIOS-mode and one EFI-mode GRUB, that may be harder to detect. The easiest way to do so is to run the Boot Info Script, which identifies both BIOS-mode and EFI-mode boot loaders, but takes some experience to interpret.

You may want to post the RESULTS.txt file that Boot Info Script produces, along with output of those two commands I noted, to a pastebin site, and post the URLs here for us to interpret.

One more thing: If you've got both BIOS-mode and EFI-mode GRUBs, and if the BIOS-mode GRUB is the one that's failing, you can bypass it by going into your firmware and disabling the Compatibility Support Module (CSM), aka "legacy boot support" or words to that effect. I give this action perhaps a 1 in 3 chance of fixing your problem, but it's worth trying, especially if you remember following instructions to enable your CSM. Even if this action doesn't fix the problem by itself, it may facilitate the solution, once the cause is better understood.


Does Pantheon work without 3d acceleration?

Pantheon can run without 3D acceleration, but only if you use a different Window manager. This is because Pantheon's default window manager (Gala) requires it. You could use Metacity instead.

You need to edit /usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/pantheon.session and change the Window Manager to Metacity. By the way, you need to have Metacity installed for this to work. You can also use other Window managers such as Xfwm and Openbox.


Try to create bootable Ubuntu usb using YUMI


Accidental sudo chown. How do I recover?

There is no way to recover from this that is simpler than a reinstall.  It is not the case that all system files simply need to be owned by a particular user, or root, or even that they follow a pattern.  There are many files and directories throughout the system that rely on being owned by particular special purpose accounts.

In theory you could compare the ownership (user and group) of every file on your system to the ownership in a fresh install of Ubuntu, writing a script to replicate that ownership information.  But even that is fiddly and prone to edge cases.  Because this involves installing Ubuntu anyway, you may as well just reinstall.


Computer Boots to Grub after removing Lubuntu 14.0.4

You will need to boot to a windows disc or flash drive and select a recovery option. (There's an option to repair boot problems)


.Desktop files are opening text files and not launching Ubuntu 20.04

GUI

Right click the .desktop file
Click Properties
Navigate to the Permissions tab
Tick the box that says Allow executing file as program

CLI
chmod +x /path/to/your/file.desktop

Worst thing that should happen after doing one of the above is that it'll ask you if you want to open the file in an editor or execute it as a program.
Otherwise you should be good to go!


I suggest you should use the packaged version of Skype. Just enable the Canonical partners repositories in Software Sources (How do I enable the "partner" repository?), click Close, then update the list. After this you will be able to install Skype from Ubuntu Software Center, and it will run properly.


Don't do anything!

You installed the Nvidia proprietary drivers and if you read the xorg-edgers PPA warning again you'll notice that they did warn you that you will receive these.

Currently (January 2015), the Nouveau Open Software drivers currently have some problems on some cards which means that (for the moment) you shouldn't mistake "nouveau" for "better"...


This is already answered in  How to sync contacts and the calendar on Ubuntu Touch with OwnCloud.
I managed to sync from radicale server but had to turn off SSL. No idea of how to make it work with SSL certificate or where to copy it.
I am trying with Horde, but the same SSL issue.
Even, ubuntu touch calendar GUI has an option to add owncloud calendars without the need of using the terminal.


screen brightness not changing after installing ubuntu 12.04. set to minimum

Check here. Solved my issue for me: Unable to change Brightness Ubuntu 13.04 Toshiba Satellite A105.

I ran xrandr -q | grep " connected" and then xrandr --output LVDS1 --brightness [VALUE] and it changed the brightness, even when I had the same issue as you. This is a relatively short-term fix, as it doesn't stick around after a reboot, but it changes the brightness if you need it, say late at night.


In 18.04, Third monitor works from live USB, but not from HDD

Thanks to @user3801839 - here's what I did.

I was having some issues removing the NVIDIA drivers completely as suggested - but I found the following commands to do so here.

Here are the commands I ran to remove the NVIDIA drivers and revert to nouveau:

# LC_MESSAGES=C dpkg-divert --list '*nvidia-340*' | sed -nre 's/^diversion of (.*) to .*/\1/p' | xargs -rd'\n' -n1 -- sudo dpkg-divert --remove
# sudo apt --fix-broken install
# sudo apt purge --autoremove '*nvidia*'
# sudo apt-get update
# sudo apt-get upgrade
# sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
# sudo reboot

Once it rebooted, my third monitor appeared. Thanks again @user3801839!

Note: Do this at your own risk - I was sure to use Timeshift to create a snapshot of my system prior to running the commands above.

One more follow-up -

After removing the NVIDIA drivers, I was struggling with 3D acceleration issues (Blender kept locking up my entire system), so I kept plugging away on this issue.

In the end, I re-installed the same recommended driver and then was looking in NVIDIA X Server Settings. Under the X Server Display Configuration section, there is a checkbox labeled "Enable Base Mosaic" which was not checked. Upon selecting that box, applying the config change, saving out to my X Configuration file, and rebooting, it started working. I'm not entirely sure what Base Mosaic is, but I'm now running proprietary drivers with three monitors.


Is this the new icon theme for Ubuntu 12.04?

No. Those icons were designed by Yellowicon at one point for the then-upcoming Ubuntu 10.04 LTS release. But from what I understand, when one of the main designers for the theme left the company for Apple, work on the theme was cancelled.

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS still uses the Humanity icon theme.

If you wanted an idea of how the theme might have ended up looking on your desktop, however, you could try taking a look at FS Icons Ubuntu, which is a third-party icon theme inspired by the cancelled Yellowicons design. It can be downloaded from either gnome-look.org or deviantART.


For big downloads you should use checksums to verify, flarget has support for checksums, but since you have already downloaded the file you can verify checksum from commnad line:

  openssl md5 name-of-file

and compare it with one on their server. Usually their server puts restriction on multi-segmented downloads and interupts resuming also, multi segmented download is not a good option. The warning displayed is:

  WARNING

  You are limited to 3 concurrent downloads, with a total bandwith of
  1.4 MB/s.

  You are using 1 download slots at 1.4 MB/s max.

  If you stop a download before it has completed, the slot will stay
  blocked for 1 min .

So the chances than a multi-segment download will corrupt the file is high as server wants to restrict you from doing so.

Now, open the terminal in the download folder and execute following command:

  openssl md5 UrbanTerror42_full023.zip

It will take some time as file is big. The output will be a string. If the output matches:

  20b4e2d10d9e1e76a6b050f1df3a3669

Than your file was downloaded without any corruption, if not than file is corrupted. You need to download the file again. If you want to use flareget again make sure you only use one segment for download.


can I use the command "sudo apt-get install something" in a USB pen drive plugged to my PC?

No, you can't do that, if the partitions of the USB drive aren't mounted at the right places or without using symbolic links.

And believe me, you do not want to do that!


Ubuntu 13.10 constantly grays out windows on good hardware

Its a huge bug of compiz !
You can fix that by install the compiz config manager and disable the non responding windows shader. Its a must


How can I automatically change the system keyboard layout when plugging in an external keyboard?

You could try writing a udev rule. Plug in your keyboard and type lsusb and write down your keyboard ID, it should look something like

Bus 001 Device 001: ID 13ab:001a name-of-the-keyboard

In this case the 13ab is the vendor ID, and the 001a is the product ID. You can disconnect your keyboard now.

Go to /etc/udev/rules.d/ and create a new file, for example 80-keyboard.rules and write  in (replace the idVendor and idProduct in this example with the id of your keyboard):

SUBSYSTEM=="input", ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="13ab", ATTRS{idProduct}=="001a", RUN+="/path/to/connect/script"
SUBSYSTEM=="input", ACTION=="remove", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="13ab", ATTRS{idProduct}=="001a", RUN+="/path/to/disconnect/script"

You can't just use the setxkbmap from udev because it does not have the neccessary enviroment variables set. This part is borrowed from this aswer.

Connect script:

#!/bin/sh
/path/to/set-keyboard-layout.sh uk

Disconnect script:

#!/bin/sh
/path/to/set-keyboard-layout.sh us

set-keyboard-layout.sh

#!/bin/sh
sleep 1
DISPLAY=":0.0"
HOME=/home/your-username
XAUTHORITY=$HOME/.Xauthority
export DISPLAY XAUTHORITY HOME
setxkbmap -layout $1

Don't forget to do chmod +x on all three scripts and change the /home/your-username to your home folder path.

Now run sudo service udev restart and plug in your keyboard and see if the layout changes  on connect/disconnect.

I've tested this with my usb hdd and it works (except I had block instead of input for subsystem).


Uninstall Google chrome built-in plugins

Open a chrome tab, enter "chrome://plugins" on the address bar, then enter

Find the "[+] Details" button in the upper right to show the details of each installed plugin and click this button.

You may disable the plugins as you. Also remember, by doing this will not harm in anyway since you're disabling but not be able to delete. Nevertheless, these are built-in plugins with chrome which associate with different websites & services as per the needs. Therefore, those websites or services may not display what you need to see (E.g.: if a web content needs flash plugin to access which will not work since disabled... etc). Disable it by acknowledging yourself as to what it will cause the web browsing.


Correct nvidia+intel graphics setup in 14.04

Before you proceed with the following please consider removing other nvidia drivers that might conflict.

For the latest proprietary Nvidia driver the following commands may be issued :

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current nvidia-settings

For Nvidia Optimus technology (Nvidia+Intel) and the benefit of Bumblebee features the following must be issued :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia

A final tip is to remember using optirun command in prefix of the 3D software command

optirun somegame-or-command

You can also test 3D with the following commands

glxspheres
optirun glxspheres


My torrents are paused on Rtorrent/Rutorrent, how to fix this?

So I've found out the problem, this specific dir didn't have the correct permissions, so I had to correct them like this.

chmod -R go+rX /var/lib/docker/overlay2/b01d07fa263968c359c9abe9a6238ce46bd038d3b6f2963dc7adda032f495208/merged/home/rtorrent


HP 530/Intel celeron M, Ubuntu 16.04 LTS NO WIFI

BCM4311 - No option to enable Wi-Fi

problem sorted, thank you so much ideafix for your directions so that I could find the type of broadcom card etc


Dual monitor configuration finicky and not saving

Well, the solution ended up being simple enough to make me feel stupid. I just had to update my graphic drivers and it sorted itself out!


This API isn't available in 14.04, it was introduced in 14.10.  To develop apps for 14.10 phones, you should create an emulator or use your device and create a "Kit" in QtCreator to handle building and running it there.  You won't be able to run it directly on your 14.04 desktop.

See http://developer.ubuntu.com/start/ubuntu-sdk/using-device-kits/ for a short video on using Kits to run your app.


to move all file with certain common string except the extension of the file to another directory

Use the command

mv *ubuntu* destination_directory_path/

where *ubuntu* indicates that ubuntu may appear anywhere in between the file/folder name.

NOTE: This will move all files which have ubuntu in their name in the current directory and the destination folders name should not have ubuntu in it. If it is present, first rename the destination to somthing else and then try the above command.


Installing ffmpeg on offline 14.04 servers

You can simply download a static build of ffmpeg and put it on your USB stick to distribute to your unconnected servers.


I had the same problem on a laptop. I used a livecd/usb to boot. Did the grub recovery. But I stopped after the sudo chroot /mnt option, and did a sudo update-initramfs and a sudo update-grub. Then I rebooted, and everything was ok.


you didn't install lubuntu - you installed the lubuntu-desktop or really added the LXDE desktop to your ubuntu system.  at the username|passwd screen you'll find a gear type log that will let you select ubuntu (unity DEsktop) or lubuntu (LXDE desktop) as you'd installed both.  what you've been left with is only the plymouth screen, which is only a 'icon-screen-filler' as most people don't like seeing text messages as system boots. have a look at

How do I change the plymouth bootscreen?

if you want to remove the lubuntu plymouth screen (return it to what it used to be, or select another etc).  the plymouth screen is really just a 'theme' type graphic; which was left behind when you removed it (you probably got a warning message telling you this)


How would you combine a 1TB nvme with a 1TB HDD?

If you would like to have some of your /home directory on the SSD with a few sub-directories on another device, you can do this by partitioning the HDD and mounting those partitions as directories in /home.
For example:

you would like to have ~/Downloads and ~/Videos on the HDD
you expect ~/Downloads will never exceed 100GB
you want ~/Videos to use as much space as possible

To do this:

Create two partitions on the HDD using fdisk or Disks.For the sake of this example, we'll call them /dev/sda1 for the downloads, which is 100GB in size, and /dev/sda2 for videos, which is 900GB in size.
Format the partitions:
sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda1
sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda2

Mount the partitions to the appropriate locations:
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /home/metichi/Downloads
sudo mount /dev/sda2 /home/metichi/Videos

Ensure you have proper permissions on the new locations:
sudo chown -R metichi:metichi ~/Downloads
sudo chown -R metichi:metichi ~/Videos

So long as everything is good, you can update the /etc/fstab file to auto-mount these locations at boot time:

Make a backup of fstab:
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.orig

Edit the /etc/fstab file as sudo with your preferred text editor. Add these lines:
/dev/sda1    /home/metichi/Downloads    ext4    defaults    0    0
/dev/sda2    /home/metichi/Videos       ext4    defaults    0    0

Reboot your system and make sure it all works

Be sure to replace metichi in the examples above with your actual username.

Notes: Make sure your existing ~/Downloads and ~/Videos directories are empty when you are doing this, or you may lose access to the files already there.


You can Download Skype from other source.

1) From Terminal :-

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install skype

2) Ubuntu software center , Just search 'Skype' on Search Box


How to start nautilus-dropbox with Gnome and kfilebox with KDE?

Sessions are your friends.

Basically add those apps to your sessions (collections of app that each desktop env, will start after you login).


Identify all deleted files and folders in the command line

Can you speak with the dead?

Almost the same it is happening with deleted files... Pretty much impossible. When a file is deleted, it's simply gone. On most systems, this is not logged anywhere.

If you're using rm from the command line, the system does not generally ask for confirmation before removing files.

If you deleted files using a GUI tool, they may still be in some kind of "trash can". It depends on what you're using for a desktop environment.

If you are interested to recover deleted files, maybe the following Q&A can help you:

How to recover deleted files?

Nevertheless, there is a tool called inotifywait which can be used to listen for events happening in a specified directory. To watch for deleted files and folder use the following command:

inotifywait -m -r -e delete dir_name > deleted_files.log

to log the deleted files from dir_name directory in deleted_files.log file.

To install inotifywait, use:

sudo apt-get install inotify-tools

Source: How to find which files and folders were deleted recently in Linux?


Audio drivers, bluetooth drivers and wifi drivers don't work

I have Xubuntu on my Asus X205TA (I used to use Debian then Lubuntu but they had a few oddities on the X205TA so I made the switch), here is what I did to get mine working with Xubuntu:

The prep work needed:

Have 2 USB drives (We will call them B1 and B2), an Ubuntu 14.04 64bit ISO, and a Xubuntu 64bit ISO and another computer (not the X205TA)
Use Rufus on the computer to make a Ubuntu 14.04 Live USB on the first USB drive (B1)
Boot up the computer with the 14.04 Live USB (B1)
Use the "startup disk creator" to make a Xubuntu Live USB with persistence on the second USB drive (B2)
Add this file to /EFI/BOOT directory of the Xubuntu flash drive (B2)
Shut down the computer
Ensure that the laptop is plugged in and charging
Plug the Xubuntu Live USB drive (B2) into the laptop
Plug in your internet access device
Boot the laptop & press ESC as it is booting (this will give you the boot order screen)
Select "enter setup"
Disable Secure Boot
Save and exit the BIOS
Press ESC as it is booting (this will give you the boot order screen)
Select your Xubuntu Live USB drive (B2) drive from the list
Select "Try Xubuntu" when prompted
Open the "Terminal Emulator" program

Type in the following commands (or you could copy and paste them)

sudo apt update
sudo apt install gnome-disk-utility

Then do the following:

Open the "Disks" program
Find the laptops inbuilt storage and format it with a MBR/DOS partition system (top right, the gear)
Once it is done use the "Install Xubuntu" program on the desktop to install it onto the laptops internal storage, make sure you have internet access on the laptop (USB cell phone tethering works well) and to select the option to install third party software.
When the installation is complete you can shut-down the laptop & remove the USB Drive (but not your internet access device).
Boot into your new install and log in

You now should have a semi working laptop, but as Billy Mays often said, "But wait there's more".

Open up the terminal and type in the following commands (or you could copy and paste them)

sudo apt update
sudo apt dist-upgrade
Install any updates shown
sudo reboot

If you are installing 18.04 then your Wifi and MicroSD card reader should be working fine but if you are experiencing system frezes then use the fix in postscript 1, or Wifi stability issues then use the fix in postscript 4. If you are installing version 17.10 or earlier. then follow postscripts 1, 2, 3, & 4 below.

^1 System freezes.

Open up the terminal and type in the following command

sudo thunar
Navigate to "/etc/default/"
Open the "grub" file
On the line "GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT" needs to be edited to read

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet intel_idle.max_cstate=1"
Save and close the file
Close the file manager window

Type into the terminal

sudo update-grub
Let it run it's course
sudo reboot
All going well you should not experience any random system freezes

^2 Wifi driver install for version 17.10 or earlier.

Open up the terminal and type in the following commands (or you could copy and paste them)

cd /tmp
wget https://android.googlesource.com/platform/hardware/broadcom/wlan/+archive/master/bcmdhd/firmware/bcm43341.tar.gz
tar xf bcm43341.tar.gz
sudo mkdir -p /lib/firmware/brcm/
sudo cp fw_bcm43341.bin /lib/firmware/brcm/brcmfmac43340-sdio.bin
sudo mount -t efivarfs efivarfs /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
sudo cp /sys/firmware/efi/efivars/nvram-74b00bd9-805a-4d61-b51f-43268123d113 /lib/firmware/brcm/brcmfmac43340-sdio.txt
reboot

^3 Micro SD Card Reader fix for version 17.10 or earlier.

Open the text editor and type the following text (as shown) into it

# Adjustment to make micro SD card reader work
  options sdhci debug_quirks=0x8000
Save the file as "sdhci.conf" on the desktop

Open up the terminal and type in the following command

sudo thunar
Move the "sdhci.conf" file from the desktop to the directory "/etc/modprobe.d"
Close the file manager window

Type into the terminal

sudo update-initramfs -u -k all
Let it run it's course
sudo reboot

^4 Wifi stability fix for version 17.10 or earlier.

Open the text editor and type the following text into it

blacklist btsdio
Save the file as "fix-wifi.conf" on the desktop

Open up the terminal and type in the following command

sudo thunar
Move the "fix-wifi.conf" file from the desktop to the directory "/etc/modprobe.d"
Close the file manager window

Type into the terminal

sudo update-initramfs -u -k all
Let it run it's course
sudo reboot
All going well your Micro SD card reader should now be working and the Wifi should not be working erratically

Note: As of the posting of this "how to" the laptops Bluetooth and sound are not supported and will not work, if you need either of them you will need a USB dongle.


Magento2 commands not running in chroot environment

After days of struggling, I finally found a solution... I had to combine JailKit and some other commands. This made everything work for me just as i wanted.


I found out that your laptop does not have a dedicated graphics processor like nvidia or ati, so bumblebee wont help you. (more details here)

Now you may try jupiter, a power management app for linux distros

type these in terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/jupiter
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install jupiter

More details on jupiter HERE also HERE

Hope that helps


Ubuntu 13.10 on SSD (system) and HDD (data). Missing /grub/i386-pc/normal.mod

I've solved it myself (I'm writing from my another account). I tried Boot Repair, but it didn't work either (thank you for tip anyway, Novine). I'm not sure what exactly solved the problem, but it might be the EFI partition which I have been forgetting to create when I have been trying before.
thank you for your help,
Tatarkow


My Adobe Flash plugin has stopped working and cannot be reinstalled

Open the file /etc/apt/sources.list with a text editor. Uncomment (Remove the preceeding #) on the lines:

deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner

In Ubuntu 16.04, this worked:

deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner

In the terminal, run

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install adobe-flashplugin


Disable screen blank from bash to customize live ISO

You can disable the idle trim feature with

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-dim false

Screen wont get dark then black and wont lock


getting devices/media to show up in Xubuntu on VM

About CDs: open the virtual machine settings (in the VirtualBox application), go to the Storage tab, ensure that there is a virtual CD/DVD drive (if not, add one using the buttons at the bottom). Now, click the button at the right, to either assign the iso to the virtual CD drive, or select the host cd drive.

More information is in the VirtualBox user manual.

About the USB drives: click on the virtual machine "Devices" menu (I mean, not Xubuntu menu, but the virtual machine window Machine/View/Devices/Help menu). Choose the USb device that you want to pass to the virtual machine. Now ti will be passed to the guest (Xubuntu).

Alternatively, open the virtual machine settings, open the tab USB, and either add a filter for all devices, or for the device that you want to pass.

More information is in the VirtualBox user manual.


15.04 is avaliable to update to. Will I lose my data?

Upgrading in place will not be a guaranteed loss of data - usually, it will not remove your data unless something horribly wrong happens.  That being said, however, you should always back up critical data that you don't wish to lose before upgrading.

Note that this upgrade is optional and you do not need to upgrade to 15.04 if you do not want to.  14.04 is still supported for a while.

About 14.04 -> 15.04 direct upgrade path:

I checked with the Release Team - specifically bdmurray in the #ubuntu-release channel on Freenode IRC. There is indeed a supported upgrade path from 14.04 to 15.04 directly, skipping over the EOL 14.10 release.  This is documented on this bug, Bug #1497024 on Launchpad. It is also only available under the following condition.

  if "Prompt=normal" in /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades

However, this path is potentially broken right now as a result of a bug.  You may wish to consider NOT using this upgrade path.


How do I theme the whisker menu in Xubuntu 16.04 LTS?

Hey I have found a little more info on this issue but at least I hope to point you in the right direction, the confusion seems to be that whisker menu uses GTK 3 these days and so older methods are no longer viable.

Instead, try navigating to '~/.config/gtk-3.0/' and edit (or create) 'gtk.css' in this file you can make changes similar to the older methods, for example:

#whiskermenu-window {
    background-color: #404040;
    color: #ccc;
}

/* Make sidebar buttons match */
#whiskermenu-window button {
    background-color: #404040;
    color: #ccc;
}
#whiskermenu-window button:hover {
    background-color: #808080;
    color: #fff;
}
#whiskermenu-window button:checked {
    background-color: #606060;
    color: #fff;
}

/* Make treeview match */
#whiskermenu-window treeview {
    background-color: #404040;
    color: #ccc;
}
#whiskermenu-window treeview:hover {
    background-color: #808080;
    color: #fff;
}

and then re-login to see if that has any effect.
Source: https://gottcode.wordpress.com/2017/10/21/theming-whisker-menu-redux/


Can I do a command-line install with the 12.10 media?

While the Alternate CD has been dropped, you can still do it using the Minimal ISO.
Everything is downloaded fresh from the repositories, so not need to update post-install.

PS: In case you were wondering, here is what the installer looks like.


virtuoso-t CPU usage increases a lot when kmail is launched

Disable email indexing. I had the same issue and went away when I disabled email indexing. My guess is that if you have a lot of emails (e.g. Gmail with lots of email archived in "All Mail") it takes a long time to index their contents.

To disable this, go to Nepomuk Server Configuration and uncheck "Enable Email Indexer" under Email Indexing.


Bug in Krusader lost directory subtree. How to recover the files?

Please check if the below link may be useful to you...
http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/15761/recover-data-like-a-forensics-expert-using-an-ubuntu-live-cd/


Installation should be the same as Mac if it's compatible with Ubuntu. Get gem package or use rvm (I recommend rvm)

->> Get RVM

And the rest should be similar to the instructions given on github if and only if it's compatible with ubuntu. Sorry I could not comment this I don't have 50 reps. (this system of rep requirement for commenting should be fixed!)


How to use a command to Wipe a single directory?

I think that the mv  ( or move command ) would work.

I'll create a test directory in my current directory.
steve@AntHill2:~$ mkdir testdir

Next I will throw a few random files into it.
steve@AntHill2:~$ cp -p *.pdf  testdir

Then verify that the files are present with the ls command
steve@AntHill2:~$ ls testdir
AWOJOBI-DISSERTATION-2020.pdf
R43215_2018Oct23.pdf  R45415_2018Nov28.pdf
IF11029_2018Nov27.pdf
R45393_2018Nov02.pdf  RS20871_2018Nov28.pdf
LSB10217_2018Nov15.pdf
R45394_2018Nov05.pdf

Next I will move the directory including its files to the attached and mounted flash drive.
steve@AntHill2:~$ mv testdir /media/steve/Backup

To prove that the directory has been wiped off, I will try an ls command.
steve@AntHill2:~$ ls -artl testdir
ls: cannot access 'testdir': No such file or directory

To show that the files are now on my removable drive.
steve@AntHill2:~$ ls -artl /media/steve/Backup/testdir
total 10504
-rw-rw-r--  1 steve steve 2179135 Feb 22 23:13 AWOJOBI-DISSERTATION-2020.pdf
-rw-rw-r--  1 steve steve  370498 Feb 22 23:20 IF11029_2018Nov27.pdf
-rw-rw-r--  1 steve steve 1973673 Feb 22 23:22 RS20871_2018Nov28.pdf
-rw-rw-r--  1 steve steve 1237639 Feb 22 23:23 R45394_2018Nov05.pdf
-rw-rw-r--  1 steve steve 1805083 Feb 22 23:25 R45415_2018Nov28.pdf
-rw-rw-r--  1 steve steve  570959 Feb 22 23:27 LSB10217_2018Nov15.pdf
-rw-rw-r--  1 steve steve 1117265 Feb 22 23:29 R43215_2018Oct23.pdf
-rw-rw-r--  1 steve steve 1416249 Feb 22 23:30 R45393_2018Nov02.pdf
drwxrwxr-x  2 steve steve    4096 Mar 11 22:30 .
drwxrwxrwt 22 root  root    61440 Mar 11 22:31 ..

I hope you can use this or something similar.

Though these are simple directory examples, the mv command can move complicated structures having subdirectories and files beneath them by moving the top directory name.


I've had similar problems as you with Unetbootin. Give it a try with the dd utility instead.

First make sure that the usb-drive is not mounted.

Get the usb device name with:

lsblk

And then use the dd command like this to create the bootable usb:

sudo dd bs=4M if=/path/to/your.iso of=/dev/xxx && sync

Replace /dev/xxx with your usb device name. (Do NOT  append a partition number, for example like this /dev/sdb1).


You should indeed have only 6 characters there. Try running

cat -A filename

To see the non-printing characters of your file. You must have something extra. If I make a file just like yours, I see

i k k$

Did you put a space? That would make 7: i k k $ or maybe it has a newline:

i k k$
$

which is also 7

As you say

wc -m

counts characters and

wc -c

counts bytes. If all your characters are part of the ASCII character set, then there will be only 1 byte per character so you will get the same count from both commands.

Try on a file with non ASCII chars:

$ echo ك > testfile
$ wc -m testfile
2 testfile
$ wc -c testfile
3 testfile

Aha! More bytes than characters now.


Can't upgrade from 13.10 to 14.04 using iso file

To upgrade your ubuntu using the ISO, first you need to mount your ISO to the system

sudo mount -o loop /Downloads/ubuntu-14.04-i.iso /media/cdrom0

you have to replace iso path as required.

If a dialogue should popup asking for upgrade - proceed with the on-screen steps.

If that doesn't works - run the below command in the terminal.

gksu "sh /cdrom/cdromupgrade

Hopes this helps,


My experience of v4l camera/media drivers is they ship a modified version of the Kernel's media source tree. This contains drivers for all sorts of video input. This might be augmented by an update script (like dkms) that updates it when your kernel is updated.
But if the driver is based on 10.04's kernel source tree, it's going to be ANCIENT!
10.04 shipped with a 2.6 kernel. Precise started on 3.2. There were a lot of changes between 2.6 and 3.x. And getting even newer, modern systems are on 4.x which is a slightly less aggressive change from 3.x but still...
Pulling an ancient media stack on top of that will probably not work out well.
That said it costs you nothing but time to test. Ubuntu is free. You can install 12.04 on another system and test. It might Just Work™ without an added driver. Many drivers are pulled into the Kernel directly over time. Or your ancient v4l might somehow work.
Failing that (and assuming the manufacturer wants nothing to do with this) you might want to look at compiling the latest 2.6 kernel on 12.04 and then installing your driver against that. It may still be incompatible but it's more likely to work. I don't know that 12.04 will definitely work on 2.6 but it's worth a punt.
If that doesn't work... It's time to look for new hardware. I'd look for something with drivers that are already in the Kernel. Staying on an unmaintained 10.04 is asking to be hacked.


How to get a list of preinstalled packages?

Every *buntu release has a .manifest or .list file that lists preinstalled packages. This file is located online.
For example:

Lubuntu 20.04.1 64bit ➜
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/lubuntu/releases/20.04/release/lubuntu-20.04.1-desktop-amd64.manifest
Ubuntu 14.04.5 32bit ➜
http://releases.ubuntu.com/trusty/ubuntu-14.04.5-desktop-i386.manifest
Ubuntu 12.04.5 32bit ➜
http://releases.ubuntu.com/precise/ubuntu-12.04.5-desktop-i386.manifest

...and so on.


export DISPLAY=:0; anydesk --silent

This works for me. I run this command with a non-root user.

OS: Centos 7.4

Anydesk server version: 4.0.1


Well, I just got it working.  Simply switched over to the opera browser and it worked just like it did in IE.  I'm very happy with that because I know I could use wine or VMware but I was trying to get everything working without emulators.


Change cursor color after log out on ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS

Ubuntu 18.04

to set the cursor as DMZ-Black while in login screen..
it can be configured with the file /etc/gdm3/greeter.dconf-defaults

Disclimer: if any spelling mistakes/ upper case, lower case or invalid entry edits to this file will stop accessing to GDM login screen.. of-course experts can revert the things back into normal.. proceed with your own..

Open the file with your favorite text editor, mine is gedit so,

sudo -H gedit /etc/gdm3/greeter.dconf-defaults

and edit some of the content look like this

# Theming options
# ===============
#  - Change the GTK+ theme
[org/gnome/desktop/interface]
# gtk-theme='Adwaita'
cursor-theme='DMZ-Black'

Save the file close & reboot to see the cursor as you configured it in above file DMZ-Black

Pictures of Different Configurations:


Ubuntu 20.04 - No wifi adapter found DELL

The driver is installed it is shown here:
Kernel modules: bcma, wl

wl is the correct driver for this adapter.
But the problem it is not in use. The reason may be that Secure Boot is enabled in UEFI settings, or it is blacklisted.
Check if Secure Boot is disabled in UEFI aka BIOS. If that doesn't help, run
grep wl /etc/modprobe.d/*

and look if wl is blacklisted somewhere.
If that doesn't help, reinstall wl by
sudo apt install --reinstall bcmwl-kernel-source


How do I set Nautilus to use same window on double click?

Try the following

Go to 'Edit' -> 'Preferences' -> 'Behaviour'

Uncheck Open each folder in a new window


Graphics issue - large white borders in Ubuntu 16.04

I have the same problem. Exactly as you present in the screenshots. The only temporal solution is typing setsid unity in the terminal. However, some apps close unexpectedly.


Error when running Android Virtual Device

To start an instance of the emulator from the command line, navigate to the tools/ folder of the SDK. Enter emulator command like this:

emulator -avd <avd_name> [<options>]

you can add your avd name in place of <avd_name> and the -force-32bit in place of [<options>]
Read docs here and here to understand more about controlling emulators from command-line.
To do this from Android studio, you can edit or Create a Run Configuration:

Open Edit Configurations from the Run Menu.

Expand the Android Application item and create a new configuration or open an existing one.

With the Run Configuration selected, adjust your desired run configuration settings:
In the Emulator tab, specify any emulator options to the Additional Emulator Command Line Options field. So put -force-32bit here.

Read more about this in the official documentation.


Run the command gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/chromium.desktop

Scroll down to the line:

Exec=/usr/bin/chromium-browser

And change to

Exec=/usr/bin/chromium-browser --audio-buffer-size=2048

This will work whenever you click on Chromium on the launcher or your chosen dock (e.g. Docky)


I recently installed GNOME into Xubuntu just to try it out. The only difference I can think of is that before (when it worked) I used the lightdm display manager, and in an actual Ubuntu GNOME installation (what I have now) uses GNOME's own gdm display manager. I'm afraid of breaking my current installation, but installing lightdm might fix it. Do be careful before doing this. I've not tried it myself.


you could try this:

boot from a ubuntu installation live usb

and then

run boot-repair again

and use this

custom repair

and it might work fine this way.