DynDns change by going to a web page (http) in terminal

Usually a server does just that, it serves, assuming you are talking about an HTTP server.

In most cases the router - DSL modem is responsible for doing such things. Check the following which may apply to your situation:

Typical home users acquire dynamic IP addresses from their ISPs almost each time they connect to the internet or when their lease ends.

When such user want to host a home server available to internet must choose between two solutions:

Pay for a static IP
Find a Dynamic DNS service

While using the second solution, the following things apply:

The user keeps the dynamic nature of the IPs
The user informs the Dynamic DNS service each time a new dynamic IP has been assigned to him.
The Dynamic DNS service maps the user's IP to a URL.

The second part of the process above usually is done either by the ueser' router - DSL modem or by a daemon (service) application running in user's computer - server. The service logs in to the Dynamic DNS provider and informs the provider about the user's current IP address.

To complete the above task, first look in your router - DSM modem settings which is the most clean and simple method. If the modem does not support this feature, refer to the ISP if they provide an application for the task. Lastly run a script in the server each time a new IP is been acquired or every n minutes (typically not less than 10 minutes).

Examples of various methods to report to Dynamic DNS Service that a new IP has been acquired:

Update client application example
DSL Modem setup
Shell Script as bellow, taken from http://www.changeip.com/accounts/downloads.php

#!/bin/bash

#################################################################
## ChangeIP.com bash update script                             ##
#################################################################
## Written 3/18/09 by Tom Rinker, released to the Public Domain##
#################################################################
## This is a simple bash script to preform a dDNS update with  ##
## ChangeIP.com. It uses only bash and wget, and so should be  ##
## compatible with virtually any UNIX/Linux based system with  ##
## bash. It is intended to be executed as a cron job, and      ##
## will only execute an update of dDNS records when the IP     ##
## address changes. As ChangeIP.com dDNS records have a 5 min  ##
## Time-To-Live, it is basically pointless and wasteful to     ##
## execute it more often than every 5 minutes. This script     ##
## supports logging all activity, in 3 available log levels,   ##
## and supports simple management of log file size.            ##
#################################################################
## To use this script:                                         ##
## 1) set the variables in the script below                    ##
## 2) execute the script as a cron job                         ##
#################################################################
## WARNING: This script has two potential security holes.      ##
## First, the username and password are stored plaintext in    ##
## the script, so a system user who has read access to the     ##
## script could read them. This risk can be mitigated with     ##
## careful use of file permissions on the script.              ##
## Second, the username and password will show briefly to other##
## users of the system via ps, w, or top. This risk can be     ##
## mitigated by moving the username and password to .wgetrc    ##
## This level of security is acceptable for some installations ##
## including my own, but may be unacceptable for some users.   ##
#################################################################

################ Script Variables ###############################
IPPATH=/var/log/IP                    # IP address storage file
TMPIP=/tmp/tmpIP                      # Temp IP storage file
LOGPATH=/var/log/changeip.log         # Log file
TEMP=/tmp/temp                        # Temp storage file
CIPUSER=                              # ChangeIP.com Username
CIPPASS=                              # ChangeIP.com Password
CIPSET=1                              # ChangeIP.com recordset
LOGLEVEL=2                            # 0=off,1=normal,2=verbose
LOGMAX=500                            # Max log lines, 0=unlimited
#################################################################

# get current IP from ip.changeip.com, and store in $TEMP
wget -q -U "rinker.sh wget 1.0" -O $TEMP ip.changeip.com

# parse $TEMP for the ip, and store in $TMPIP
grep IPADDR < $TEMP | cut -d= -s -f2 | cut -d- -s -f1 > $TMPIP

# compare $IPPATH with $TMPIP, and if different, execute update
if diff $IPPATH $TMPIP > /dev/null
  then                                # same IP, no update
      if [ $LOGLEVEL -eq 2 ]
        then                          # if verbose, log no change
          echo "--------------------------------" >> $LOGPATH
          date >> $LOGPATH
          echo "No Change" >> $LOGPATH
          echo -e "IP: \c" >> $LOGPATH
          cat $IPPATH >> $LOGPATH
      fi
  else                                # different IP, execute update
      wget -q -U "rinker.sh wget 1.0" -O $TEMP --http-user=$CIPUSER --http-password=$CIPPASS "https://nic.changeip.com/nic/update?cmd=update&set=$CIPSET"
      if [ $LOGLEVEL -ne 0 ]
        then                          # if logging, log update
          echo "--------------------------------" >> $LOGPATH
          date >> $LOGPATH
          echo "Updating" >> $LOGPATH
          echo -e "NewIP: \c" >> $LOGPATH
          cat $TMPIP >> $LOGPATH
          if [ $LOGLEVEL -eq 2 ]
            then                      # verbose logging
              echo -e "OldIP: \c" >> $LOGPATH
              cat $IPPATH >> $LOGPATH
              cat $TEMP >> $LOGPATH   # log the ChangeIP.com update reply
          fi
      fi
      cp $TMPIP $IPPATH               # Store new IP
fi

# if $LOGMAX not equal to 0, reduce log size to last $LOGMAX number of lines
if [ $LOGMAX -ne 0 ]
  then
      tail -n $LOGMAX $LOGPATH > $TEMP
      cp $TEMP $LOGPATH
fi


How can Chrome be installed in Lubuntu 15.04?

Chrome you install from here. Linux systems (not just Ubuntu) will not have Chrome in the package manager due to the license. It will use your software center to install Chrome.

  Will Chromium do better or as good as Chrome on Lubuntu 15.04 (on a rather speedy Laptop (Intel i5, 8GB RAM)?

It will be the same. Chromium is the open source version of Chrome. There are some features removed from Chromium ("usage-tracking" is disabled in Chromium) but in regards to "speed" both are the same. Bottlenecks are your system and internet connection; not the browser performance.

An in-depth article can be found on howtogeek.


Can I run VMWare Horizon View Client on 16.04 LTS?

This is how i installed 64 bit version 4.7 ... hope this is useful to someone who happens to stumble on it in their searches (I did not have to install any dependencies or create symbolic links prior to installing successfully):

1) Download Linux client from from https://www.vmware.com/go/viewclients

2) Uninstall any previous version (if any).

3)

a) Open a Terminal window.
b) Change directories to the directory that contains the installer file (xxx.bundle).

4) Run the installer with the following command:

sudo sh ./VMware-Horizon-Client-x.x.x-yyyyyyy.arch.bundle

*or in my case:

sudo sh ./VMware-Horizon-Client-4.7.0-7395152.x64.bundle

(To note: the "sh" is there to "force" the bundle to be executable.. depending on the permissions YOU have set forth this will also work:

sudo ./VMware-Horizon-Client-x.x.x-yyyyyyy.arch.bundle

5) Follow the Gui install wizard..


Chinese input method without changing to chinese

Select System Settings -> Language Support
Change Keyboard input method system from default to IBus


As you have Dual boot system, then I think you should unlock the NTFS partition first from Windows. Then you will be able to Read and Write in the Partition. I did the following. Hope it will help you too.

To do that-

Boot into Windows 10.
Open My computer.
Right-click the hard drive or partition you want to unlock and click "Properties."
Head to the "Security" tab and click the "Advanced" button.
Click "Continue" in the User Account Control window.
Click your user name in the user list.
Select the "Edit" button to add access permissions for your user.
Click your user name and then click the "Allow" check box for
"Full Control."
Click "OK," "Yes" and "OK" again.
The drive is now unlocked.


Can I use the Openvpn Access Server WEB GUI on Ubuntu 12.04?

Yes, the webgui works, up to 14.04 (possibly later, haven't checked it)

The "hard part" is configuring the ubuntu client because the network manager GUI won't fully read the client.ovpn file. You have to extract the necessary four certificates into separate files

In this case Have a look at the documentation for the sacli command.

http://openvpn.net/index.php/access-server/docs/admin-guides/228-how-to-extract-the-ca-cert-and-key-from-openvpn-as-certificates.html


Installed snap app not appear on menu list, had to run 'snap run {app}'

You should be able to find the executable in the /snap/bin/ directory. You can use the whereis command to find that out, e.g.

whereis inkscape

You should also be able to find the .desktop launcher for the application in the /var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications/ directory. Copy the associated .desktop file to your ~/.local/share/applications/ directory. Then you should be able to find the application in your dash or menu list.

Alternatively, you can create a .desktop launcher for the application by hand. For a simple one, for example for Inkscape, create a text file, say inkscape.desktop in ~/.local/share/applications/ and add the following lines

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Inkscape
Comment=Create and edit Scalable Vector Graphics images
Exec=/snap/bin/inkscape
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Icon=Inkscape


How to configure Apache2 to download files directly?

You can force it to be downloaded by making Apache report it's content type to be application/octet-stream, instead of the usual text/html. This is not something I would recommend doing to .txt files. In your .htaccess  (or other Apache configuration files) add:

AddType application/octect-stream .txt

Another approach is to use ForceType within a Files or a Directory block, as outlined in this SO answer:

<Files *.mp4>
  ForceType application/octet-stream
  Header set Content-Disposition attachment
</Files>

The advantage is that the matching criterion for a Files block is more flexible than that of a plain AddType.


modprobe nvram
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nvram

Then reboot.

This resets the CMOS memory on most systems.


xmodmap is an utility for modifying keymaps and pointer button mappings. It usually comes preinstalled with Ubuntu.

  The xmodmap program is used to edit and display the  keyboard  modifier
         map  and  keymap  table that are used by client applications to convert
         event keycodes into keysyms.  It is usually run from the user's session
         startup script to configure the keyboard according to personal tastes.

For mapping a key to another, we need keycode or key symbols for the keys to be mapped. This can be done with another tool xev. It also comes along with Ubuntu. Just run xev from a terminal and press the key and notice the keycode and key symbols logged in the console. For your case, It is

  state 0x11, keycode 62 (keysym 0xffe2, Shift_R), same_screen YES,state 0x10, keycode 116 (keysym 0xff54, Down), same_screen YES

To remap the key bindings as you required,
Press Alt+F2 and enter the following command line xmodmap -e "keycode 116 = Shift_R"


Partitions and cdrom are not automounted

Open a terminal and run these commands after mounting the drives in Nautilus please.

sudo fdisk -l
cat /etc/fstab
sudo blkid
mount

Generally partitions will only be automounted if they are told to - they might appear in the sidebar of Nautilus - that does not mean they are actually mounted.


I want to capture serial printer information so that I can manipulate the data

You can use screen

  screen /dev/ttyUSB0 57600

Check the manpage for the other parameters you want to be able to adjust.


Which NVIDIA drivers to use for dual-monitor support?

Use TwinView or Xinerama to drag windows between displays (if you use Xinerama with Nvidia drivers, you can't run Compiz as it disables OpenGL support). Try TwinView mode.


How to remove negative view? (Winkey + M not working)

Either open ccsm & disable the plugin or log out/in, things should return to normal
To go directly to plugin either in a terminal or Alt+F2 run box

ccsm -p neg

Note that there are 2 toggles - 1 for 'screen', 1 for 'window', they act independently


please try

sudo apt-get install libjpeg62

and rerun the program.

By the way, I cannot reproduce this error!


Downloading and compiling the latest version of soundconverter from the git repo did it for me.
See here
Hope this helps.
Edit. Details :

$ git clone https://github.com/kassoulet/soundconverter.git
$ cd soundconverter
$ sudo python3 setup.py install

If it asks to install python-distutils-extra take care to install your python version of this package. For me it was python3-distutils-extra.
Then you can launch soundconverter and it seems to work.
Edit 2. There seems to be a simpler way by adding the ppa with

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xtradeb/apps
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade

I didn't try it, it shall work.


Don't know why, but after reimaging my sd card about 10 times, it finally decided to allocate root partition 29GB


Network issues on freshly installed Ubuntu 18.04 virtual machine (virtualbox) - Appears to be DNS related

I managed to fix the issue by disabling IPv6. For whatever reason it seems to be broken.

I followed the instructions here


How do I delete all empty directories in a directory from the command line?

Try this command:

find . -empty -type d -delete

The find command is used to search for files/directories matching a particular search criteria from the specified path, in this case the current directory (hence the .).

The -empty option holds true for any file and directory that is empty.

The -type d option holds true for the file type specified; in this case d stands for the file type directory.

The -delete option is the action to perform, and holds true for all files found in the search.


You can delete the lock file with the following command:

sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/lock

You may also need to delete the lock file in the cache directory

sudo rm /var/cache/apt/archives/lock


LFS Troubles - Applying Patch in Section 5.7.1

http://linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter05/generalinstructions.html

  Place all the sources and patches in a directory that will be accessible from the chroot environment such as /mnt/lfs/sources/. Do not put sources in /mnt/lfs/tools/.

3 hours in Google, dough...


Windows keymap could be part of copyright, so I wouldn't expect this to be readily available. However, in System-Settings -> Keyboard there is Shortcuts tab, which you may wanna play around with. Language input shortcuts can be edited through System-Settings -> Text Entry.

Ask your parents which shortcuts and keys they use the most, and also make necessary changes as they learn Ubuntu, because there are going to be keys users remember only when they need to use them. Most frequently used, Ctrl+C  for copying and Ctrl+V for pasting are obviously there. Windows Key + W brings up all the open menus to select from. Ctrl+Shitf+Left-Right arrow keys position a window on half the screen , just like in windows 7 . Probably good idea is to disable workspaces in System Settings -> Appearance -> Behavior. New users get confused easily with this stuff (just watch some of the videos of people trying Ubuntu for first time on youtube).

Tell them simply which program is internet, which program is word processor. Keep things simple. At least in my mother's case, I just told her which program is which, had to let her play around with the laptop by herself, and she's slowly learning.


The admin and sudoer groups should give the user the access needed.  You will have to log the user out and back in again for the changes to take effect.  Have a look at these answers for some pretty good instructions:

How can I create an administrator user from the command line?


Where are stacktraces to be found in Ubuntu or how to copy them from the report window?

Logs are stored in  /var/crash/.

The reports are named with the directory separated by a "_", a "-", the command, "., user id and end in ".crash".
command apport-retrace can be used to debug (Ubuntu wiki)


You can use Drawers for it. It creates a drwaer (like a folder) in the launcher and you can drag and drop several other icons in it.

Install it like this:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ian-berke/ppa-drawers
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install drawers

And then when you start the application, you can choose what to name it and then it will be added to the Launcher. Drag and drop your favourites in it.

You can refer to my tutorial on Make Tech Easier for more details: http://maketecheasier.com/group-apps-together-in-unity-launcher/2012/08/10


Lenovo Ideapad U330p with Ubuntu 14.10 cannot connect to Galaxy s4

It was two problems.

Firstly that the USB cable did not work. The cable worked on two other computers but did not work with this computer. The cable/USB port (not sure which) had physically different sizes it seems, and when I used another cable the USB was able to create a circuit on all three computers.
The phone is protected by a password lock. You need to be logged into the phone to allow mtp file access to the files contained on the phone.

MTP seems to work fine in 14.10, there's just a few basic checks that need to be done for success. Well done guys!


Can't seem to get Wine to install "Package dependencies cannot be resolved"

"is to be installed" sounds like you might just need a reboot after the initial batch of apt-get updates...

in any case, I'd install wine1.5 (sudo apt-get install wine1.5 should do it), it's made some strides over the current stable branch.


Open a terminal and run sudo apt-get --reinstall install make.

Tip: It isn't easy to "accidentally" overwrite files in /usr/bin unless you are logged in as root. Please try to use sudo instead.


Connecting to Windows shared folders --> CIFS VFS Error 104 and Error 32

As no one have answered I'll post this, it works for me but does not look like a stable solution. My problem was a bit different, I could not mount at all but the error was the same.

Don't use the guest option.

If your fstab entry looks like this:

//server/sharename /media/windowsshare cifs guest,uid=1000,iocharset=utf8  0  0

Try this:

//server/sharename /media/windowsshare cifs user=guest,pass=,uid=1000,iocharset=utf8  0  0

It has the same functionality as the guest option.


Automatic tabulation when writing code on Gedit?

You need to enable gedit automatic indentation. From the top bar menu select Edit->Preferences->Editor and this screen appears:

Click the second check box "Enable automatic Indentation". Then when you press Enter at the end of a line, the next line is indented to the same level.


Error 100 :-
100 Continue
This means that the server has received the request headers, and that the client should proceed to send the request body (in the case of a request for which a body needs to be sent; for example, a POST request). If the request body is large, sending it to a server when a request has already been rejected based upon inappropriate headers is inefficient. To have a server check if the request could be accepted based on the request's headers alone, a client must send Expect: 100-continue as a header in its initial request and check if a 100 Continue status code is received in response before continuing (or receive 417 Expectation Failed and not continue).

run firefox in safe mode and check again!!


If partitions are showed with a lock in gparted, then they are mounted. Usually GPartEd is able to unmount them, but sometimes this isn't possible, so you have to manually unmount them with the following commands as root:

umount /dev/sda1
umount /dev/sda5

If you aren't logged in as root (root normally has '#' at the end of the command prompt whereas a normal user usually has '$'). You need to add sudo in front of the commands.

In case of the screenshots however, at least /dev/sda1 is mounted in a way it can't be unmounted as it is necessary for the currently running system to work.

One way you can avoid the drives being mounted ("locked") in the first place, is using a liveCD like PartedMagic (http://www.partedmagic.com). This one really shouldn't mount any of your partitions if you don't manually say so.


To toggle the current of multiple terminals within Terminator between maximized and restored state, use Ctrl + Shift + x.

To use the default window manager keybinding to maximize your Terminator window, see Forivin's answer on this question.


Any way to back up a remote host with rsync without opening up for root access on either end?

Have you considered using tar to do the incremental deltas, and rsyncing the resulting tarballs with normal user permissions? sudo tar locally would preserve the ownership and permissions within the tarball, but neither machine would need to grant elevated permissions for the other.

It would eat more disk space, but that might be a cost you can afford in this case.


A .tar.gz file is an archive, not a program - you can't make it executable.

You have missed a step in the instructions on the Sakis 3G website. Before chmod, you need to do

 tar -xzvf sakis3g.tar.gz

Edit:
HOWEVER... please read the comments below from LiveWireBT and consider obtaining this script from an alternative source.


It's not possible to change the default size (see this question. You can focus the windows with ctrl + tab and use the ctrl + super + ↑ shortcut to maximise it.


You can use Simple Scan.  Its an easy application to use, and it included in Ubuntu.  Just click on dash, search for simple, and then click on Simple Scan.  Happy scanning.

Simple Scan doesn't have OCR capabilities.  For OCR you can try Tesseract,  Lios, or Clara OCR.


Mysql couldn't write to /tmp then failed to restart

The reason for this is that your /tmp is symlinked to another location, /home/tmp. But MySQL is armored by AppArmor, which does not allow writing freely to /home/tmp. To remedy the situation, you can edit the /etc/apparmor.d/abstractions/user-tmp and add the /home/tmp there appropriately; for me the extra lines

  owner /home/tmp/**    rwkl,
  /home/tmp/            rw,

did the trick.


Windows installer for Ubuntu Desktop on WIndows 8 64 bit

The WUBI runs from inside Windows. It creates a virtual partition in a big file inside Windows partition (such as C:).

GRUB bootloader is tricked to look inside the Windows partition for the Ubuntu partition that is actually a file.

So, wubi will use windows8 then when you are trying to access Ubuntu then in the back-end you are using or relying on windows partition.

Now, if you just want to use Ubuntu without depending on windows you have to format your hard disk.


fail2ban configured but want to make server more secure

I believe Lynis is probably the answer you are looking for.

It is easy to install and run. It will audit your system and provide a score out of 100 along with specific suggestions on how to better secure your operating system:

https://cisofy.com/lynis/


How to set pulseaudio's pauvcontrol default to "FFT based equalizer..."

Yes. In order to start the EQ and make it the default output automatically at startup you have to add some commands to PulseAudio's default.pa file, either in its main/system location

/etc/pulse/default.pa

... or in a user-specific copy of it (good thing to have separately in case you ever need to return to the old form of the file after too many modifications - you'd just delete/rename the user one and the system one would take priority again)

~/.config/pulse/default.pa

So at the bottom of the file you add something like this:

### Load the integrated pulseaudio equalizer and dbus modules
load-module module-equalizer-sink sink_name=MyFancyNewEQSink
load-module module-dbus-protocol
set-default-sink MyFancyNewEQSink

... and then restart Ubuntu. (You could restart just PulseAudio but you might lose the functionality of the dedicated volume keys on your keyboard. I'd just restart the OS itself to set everything right.)

Note that this makes QPAEQ the default output for everything, not just VLC.


From what I've read on-line and tested, overlayFS was renamed to overlay for the "newer" system (with workdir) to avoid conflicts. So one can now have overlayfs and overlay. However Ubuntu appears to only have the newer "overlay" system, but only in kernel 4.0 and later supports having multiple lower directories, and ubuntu 14.04 is only on kernel 3.19.

I've tested that the example given in the question does work in Ubuntu server 15.10 with the 4.2.0-19-generic kernel.


Error to install epson L375 driver on ubuntu 16.04

I solved this problem, the version of the driver that you download is for Ubuntu 16.04 of 32 bits you should download the version for 64 bits

version 32 bits

sudo dpkg -i epson-inkjet-printer-escpr_1.6.18-1lsb3.2_i386.deb

version 64 btis

sudo dpkg -i epson-inkjet-printer-escpr_1.6.18-1lsb3.2_amd64.deb


Can I use the global application menu with AWN?

Unfortunately, no. There has been some demand for one earlier this year.


When does script invocation require path/script.sh

The reason being your $PATH ending in a : which automatically appends the current working directory to the PATH.

So you need to remove the trailing :

export PATH="${PATH%:}"

Example:

$ PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:
$ bar.sh
Foobar

$ PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games
$ bar.sh
bar.sh: command not found


Please help, mounting other partitions on startup

First of all, type the following in a terminal:

sudo blkid

This should give you the UUIDs of all your partitions.

Once you have the UUIDs you need, editing your fstab is not actually that hard. You need to enter information into 6 columns, each separated by some white space.

For the first column, add the UUID of the partition you want to mount (which you obtained from the blkid command).
In the second column, enter where you would like to mount the partition. I usually place all my extra hard disks in /mnt/extdisk1 /mnt/extdisk2 etc.... Note that you will need to create the above directories using sudo mkdir /mnt/extdisk1 etc...
For the third column, enter the type of file system the partition uses (ntfs, ext3, etc...)
For the fourth column, enter the options you would like to use. I would just specify defaults. If you have an ssd, its good to also put noatime nodiratime discard. Discard enables TRIM support for your SSD - ensuring longer life.
For the fifth column just enter 0
For the last column, enter the pass value you would like to give it. This is a number specifying in which order you would like to mount the partition (just make it sequential and you'll be fine).

If you want more information you can take a look at the Arch Wiki for fstab.


xubuntu 12.04 restarts after suspend - only from my account

I looked thoroughly through your log files and couldn't decipher what the issue was. What I would do in your situation is run a script that removes almost all my .config folders, and replaces them one by one as I successfully test the machine in suspend mode. Something like this:

FOLDERS=$(ls .config | grep -v "gtk" -v "gnome") #Use -v to exclude any folders.
for f in "$FOLDERS"; do
     mv "$f" "$f-" #Instead of deleting folders, we just rename them with a hyphen at the end.
done

for f in "$FOLDERS"; do
    echo "Test putting you system to sleep, then press enter to re-enable the next config folder"
    read i #Reads the enter key.
    mv "$f-" "$f"
    echo "Replaced folder: .config/$f"
    echo "$f" > corruptfolder.txt #This file will remember the last folder incase you forget.
done

Note that if you are successful, this script will not finish running (because your computer powered off). You will have correct the folder names that still have a hyphen at the end. Use this loop to do that:

FOLDERS=$(ls .config)
for f in "$FOLDERS"; do
    tmp=$(echo "$f" | sed 's/-$//')
    [ "$tmp" != "$f" ] && mv "$f" "$tmp"
done


How to share wired Internet through ad-hoc Wi-Fi connection via a laptop?

There are many ways...

Network Manger Method (See the second answer)
IP Table Method (See the first answer)
FireStarter Method (Using a firewall to redirect Internet)


Acer laptop fails to boot with new kernels 5.0.0-23 and 5.0.0-25

From the comments...

I strongly suspect that your problem booting with the 5.x.x kernels is due to you possibly having an older BIOS that needs updating.

Boot to the 4.18.0-25 kernel, and in the terminal type sudo dmidecode -s bios-version to get the current BIOS version. Then go to the Acer web site and see if there's a newer BIOS for your computer.

According to https://www.acer.com/ac/en/GB/content/support-product/7210?b=1 BIOS 1.14, released 3/29/2019 is the current version.

Update #1:

The user has reported that their current BIOS is version 1.05.


Click “File” → “Preferences” to open the Terminal settings window and under “Appearance” choose a “Color scheme” that fits your needs, for example “WhiteOnBlack”:

To try different color schemes you can move the settings window so that you see the terminal window again and just click “Apply” after making a selection.


Android MTP USB 3.0 connection repeating errors

So the problem was a bad cable. I have no idea why cuz the cable works perfectly on other machines but I just replaced the cable with another one and it seems very stable now.


I'm assuming /dev/sdb in the above output is your USB drive. If so, it does not contain valid partitions and thus needs to be formatted.

This post here on Ask Ubuntu has all the details on how to format a USB drive.


How do I permanently reduce Grub waiting time?

I tried to edit /ect/default/grub

It's /etc/default/grub, it exists on every 12.04 system, and you must have root privileges to edit it.

Use Alt-F2, then gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub
Don't forget to open a terminal (Ctrl-Alt-T) and run sudo update-grub to make the changes permanent!


Development items disappeared from software center

This is the package that I needed: https://www.nongnu.org/synaptic/

For Ubuntu simple install with

sudo apt install synaptic


will Ubuntu 14.04 automatically overflow onto second hard disk?

In the current configuration Ubuntu doesn't automagically use the free space on the secondary drive. There are multiple solutions to your problem. The easiest would probably be to make use of the ext4 file system you already created on it:

Attach or mount¹ the file system on the secondary disk, e. g. through Nautilus or Gnome Disks. By default it should then be mounted¹ to a directory in /media or /media/$USER, where $USER is your local login name. I'll refer to this directory, the mount point¹, by [mountpoint].
Now you need to transfer the ownership of the root directory of said file system to your user account. To that purpose open a terminal with a command interpreter (e. g. through the application Gnome Terminal) and type:

sudo chown "$USER:" [mountpoint]

As soon as you press Enter, you'll be asked to authenticate yourself with your account password (press Enter again), because the root directory of new file systems initially belong to the system.
You should now be able to access and write to that file system with your regular user account and without system-level or super-user¹ privileges.

¹ This term is the common technical term in the Linux and Unix world. I tried to explain it with more colloquial terms, so you grasp their meaning from the context.


Ubuntu 16.04 - Did 'apt-get upgrade' and now Intel Graphics Driver doesn't work

Nvidia drivers have know complications with Ubuntu. The Intel website you link (intel-graphics-update-tool-linux-os-v2.0.2)lists many known complications with Linux and Ubuntu specifically.

The first step would be to go to System Settings, Software & Updates and select the Additional Drivers screen which looks like this:

Unknown:Unknown means Intel Corporation: {Your CPU}. If it is turned off then turn it on. If it is turned on then turn it off. Reboot and see if this corrects problem.

The second step is to go to the Intel Graphics Installer forum: graphics-installer-discussions and post your problem there.

The third step is to remove Intel Graphics For Linux OS you installed and use the native i915 driver in Ubuntu instead. This driver should be automatically used after removing the Intel Web Site's driver.


Samba share with Windows - "You require permission from \nobody to make changes to this file"

I have fixed this now. It turned out when I set the permissions for the folder I had written

sudo CHMOD 777 /path-to-folder

I needed to write

sudo CHMOD -R 777 /path-to-folder

to ensure the subdirectories' permissions were also set


Will installing as dual-boot harm my factory restore partition?

Nothing should happen to that partition as long as you are dual-booting, i.e. installing Ubuntu alongside Windows 7. Ubuntu will simply reduce the size of your main Windows partition and squeeze itself in.

Before:

  [100MB Winboot |            100 GB C:\                | 15 GB Restore Partition]

After:

  [100MB Winboot |  70 GB C:\   |   30 GB Ext4-Ubuntu   | 15 GB Restore Partition]


Can I install Deepin Desktop Environment 2 in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS?

If you would like to use the software lists just as described in the tutorial, all you have to do is change all instances of the word raring to trusty.

First, open the /etc/apt/sources.list file in an open terminal with the following command:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Add the following lines:

deb http://packages.linuxdeepin.com/deepin trusty main non-free universe
deb-src http://packages.linuxdeepin.com/deepin trusty main non-free universe

Use Ctrl+o to write changes to the file and press Enter to accept the changes. Press Ctrl+x to exit from nano.
Now you need to import GPG key and install using the following three commands in an open terminal:

wget http://packages.linuxdeepin.com/deepin/project/deepin-keyring.gpg
gpg --import deepin-keyring.gpg
sudo gpg --export --armor 209088E7 | sudo apt-key add -

Update your package list:

sudo apt-get update

You may now proceed with the remainder of the tutorial to install the desired packages.

Just to let you know, this is not how to install a "ppa". Installing a ppa essentially provides an alternative repo to your apt-get sources list. However, ppa(s) are provided through launchpad and are maintained by third parties. The method outlined above directly adds the repo to your /etc/apt/sources.list file instead. Normally, to add a ppa you would use the command:

sudo add-apt-repository

followed by ppa: and the name of the ppa.

Noobslab maintains a third party ppa for Deepin but they are not affiliated with the Deepin project, and so I will not recommend that method, as there is already a direct method available to add the Deepin repositories without the use of a ppa.

launchpad.net/~noobslab/+archive/ubuntu/deepin-sc


WPS could not find printer in Ubuntu 18.04.1

The only way I found to solve this issue was to download WPS directly from their own website and install it. After I've done that it found my printer automatically.


How to backup Exception Site List in Java Control Panel?

See the ~/.java/deployment/security/exception.sites file.


UPDATE (with question)

Program apt-get on Ubuntu has fatal dependencies. Use aptitude

sudo apt-get install aptitude && sudo aptitude remove gnome-keyring

Old

Install seahorse. That's Passwords and Keys. Some programs on Ubuntu is renamed, but packages is same.

sudo apt-get install seahorse

After that, go to Gnome keyring section and disable it (you can than disable it in Unity with Passwords and Keys).


cc1plus: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-std=c++11’

Very short answer, sorry.

To use the -std=c++11 option you need at least gcc-4.7.

Check your version with

apt-cache policy gcc


Where is reserved extra space in Startup Disk Creator 16.04?

I'll answering your last question first. The newer live-usb ISO's are hybrids that work for both MBR and GPT systems. gparted cannot read these after Startup Disk Creator has burned the ISO to the USB flash drive. Rather than taking your USB to another computer to reformat it you can use dd (Data Destroyer, real name Data Duplicator):
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdX bs=512 count=1

Change sdX to sdd, sde, or whatever your USB drive letter is.
Use dd with great caution!

As you discovered Ubuntu 16.04 Startup Disk Creator no longer provides an option for persistence storage for a Live Boot USB Flash Drive. But mkusb does provide this feature and it works well even for creating a pre-release Ubuntu 18.04 Live Boot USB.
For more about mkusb details read about it here.


rotated monitor. login screen needs rotation

Add this line to the /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf file (in the [SeatDefaults] section):

greeter-setup-script=/etc/lightdm/greeter_setup.sh

Then make the file /etc/lightdm/greeter_setup.sh with the following contents:

#!/bin/bash
xrandr -o left
exit 0

Then make it executable with sudo chmod +x /etc/lightdm/greeter_setup.sh. Then reboot.


Can't stream both audio sources, only mic works.

So I solved the problem:

-f pulse -i "alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo" \
-f pulse -i "alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo.monitor" \
-filter_complex amix=inputs=2:duration=longest:dropout_transition=3 \

made the entire thing into a github
https://github.com/michaeljwjr/twitchstream


How can I connect my TI-84 Plus calculator with my laptop?

The libticables2-2 library supplied with Ubuntu 11.04 (and as of this writing, 11.10 too) supports the SilverLink cables only. I've just uploaded a patch which adds support for the TI-84+ calculator which is available in LP #747589.

Overview of the fix

Update the udev rules to avoid having to run the program as root
Adding yourself to the tilp group so you may use the device without running as root
Specify the calculator type to tilp

Instructions for installing tilp and getting it to work with the TI-84+:

Install the tilp package and its dependencies like libticables2-2: sudo apt-get install tilp
Download the patch:

wget https://launchpadlibrarian.net/79510370/new-devices-and-fixed-sysfs-warning.patch

Apply the patch to the installed udev rules:

sudo patch /lib/udev/rules.d/45-libticables.rules < new-devices-and-fixed-sysfs-warning.patch

Add yourself to the tilp group:

sudo usermod -a -G tilp $USER

Re-login to apply the group settings
The TI-84+ uses an USB-A - USB-B connector which is called DirectLink. This should be detected automatically. Connect the calculator now to the computer. If you've previously had connected it already, disconnect and reconnect it.
Now make known to tilp that you're using a TI-84+ calculator by running:

tilp --calc=ti84+ --cable=DirectLink

This will set the calc=TI84+ and cable_model=DirectLink in the ~/.tilp configuration file. After running the above command, it's sufficient to run just tilp in the future (using the application menu or by running the command directly).


How to Limit the CPU usage for a process and its children whether there is another process demanding resources or not

This link may help  Set maximum CPU consumption in percentage by any process
  searched by : MrSeed

this script may help too , any any one wants to enter suggestions on this script to enhance it , it will be my pleasure

       #!/bin/bash -xv

read -p "Which program u want to limit its processes?" ProgrameName
read -p "Which limitation percentage u want for it ?" limitationPercentage
read -p "Period to be sleep " sleepInterval
dataFile="/home/ahmedubuntu/Desktop/.file.txt"
separator="######"
trap "echo \"\" > $dataFile"  SIGINT SIGTERM SIGHUP
########################################################
if [ -e $dataFile ]; then
  echo "File $dataFile already exists!"
  echo -e "" > $dataFile
else
  echo >> $dataFile
fi
echo -e "$ProgrameName \n $limitationPercentage \n" >> $dataFile
getAllPIDRunUnderThisProgram=$( ps -e | grep "$ProgrameName" | awk '{print $1;}')
echo -e "${getAllPIDRunUnderThisProgram[@]}  \n $separator \n" >> $dataFile
for i in $getAllPIDRunUnderThisProgram
   do
    gnomeTab+=( --tab -e "cpulimit -p $i -l $limitationPercentage ")
   done
gnome-terminal "${gnomeTab[@]}"
#echo gnome-terminal "${gnomeTab[@]}"
########################################################
while sleep $sleepInterval
do
i=0
while read line
do
if [ -n "$line" ] && ["$line" != "separator"]
then
programeNameAndPID[i]=$line
((i++))
elif [["$line" == "separator"]] ; then
getAllPIDRunUnderThisProgram=$( ps -e | grep "$programeNameAndPID[0]" | awk '{print $1;}')
if [${#getAllPIDRunUnderThisProgram[*]} -gt ${#programeNameAndPID[*]}-2  ]
then
unset gnomeTab
newProcessNumber=${#getAllPIDRunUnderThisProgram[*]}-${#programeNameAndPID[*]}-2
index=${#getAllPIDRunUnderThisProgram[*]}-1
for (( c=$newProcessNumber ; c > 0 ; c-- ))
do
gnomeTab+=( --tab -e "cpulimit -p $getAllPIDRunUnderThisProgram[$index] -l $programeNameAndPID[1] ")
((index--))
done
gnome-terminal "${gnomeTab[@]}"
fi
i=0
unset programeNameAndPID
fi
done < $dataFile
done

and by adding nice -10 will work well with no need to sudo and password


How do I install Ubuntu on a Sony Vaio SVT1311?

Ubuntu 12.04 apresenta opção de instalação simultânea com outros sistemas instalados, no inicio da instalação quando pergunta se apaga tudo do disco e instala o Ubuntu responda "NÃO" APOS ISSO APRESENTA OUTRAS OPÇÕES: disco externo é uma, no próprio disco windows dividindo o espaço e formatando a partição linux para seu uso, pode instalar outro disco interno ao notebook.

Eu preciso as especificações técnicas de fábrica do modelo Notebook "Vaio svt131a11l" se puder me enviar agradeço.

Saúl

Translated using google translate

Ubuntu 12.04 installation option provides simultaneous with other systems installed at the beginning of the installation when asked if erases all the disk and install Ubuntu answer "NO" OTHER OPTIONS AFTER THAT PRESENTS: external disk is in the disk itself windows dividing the space and formatting the partition to use Linux, you can install another internal drive to the notebook.

I need the technical specifications of the factory model notebook "Vaio svt131a11l" if you can send me thank.

Saul


Ubunt 18.10 How to avoid the login-screen after resume from hibernate?

Try run this command in command-line:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver ubuntu-lock-on-suspend false

OR install GUI dconf-editor:

sudo apt install dconf-editor

Run it: dconf-editor

Then go to org/gnome/desktop/screensaver and turn OFF ubuntu-lock-on-suspend


Desktop entry, or other convinent but safe way to exec multiple statements,

To run multiple commands in one launcher, you need to use the following syntax:

Exec=/bin/bash -c "command_1 & command_2"

or, if the second one should wait for the first one to terminate successfully:

Exec=/bin/bash -c "command_1 && command_2"

or, as suggested by Bytecommander (thanks for the completion!), if command_2 should wait for command_1 to finish, but run anyway no matter if command_1 finishes succesfully or not:

Exec=/bin/bash -c "command_1 ; command_2"


Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Screen Lock not working randomly

So I disabled "Extensions" in Tweaks and it got fixed. I turned Extensions on and seems like everything's fine and the lock screen is fixed. It was probably a bug with an extension and it got removed as I switched it off and on.


"snap" is an additional method of installing/maintaining/removing applications.  To list applications installed via "snap" open a terminal window, and enter the command

snap list

if you see the application that you wish to remove in the list provided by that command, you can remove the application with

snap remove <application-name>

for more help with "snap", enter the command snap or the command snap help or the command man snap


Can't get Virtualbox to work with Genymotion

I'm using xubuntu 16.04 LTS and i was having the same error i tried this and worked:

sudo /usr/lib/virtualbox/vboxdrv.sh setup

it should say this:

  Stopping VirtualBox kernel modules ...done.
  Recompiling VirtualBox kernel modules ...done.
  Starting VirtualBox kernel modules ...done.

and then you can check if that worked using:

sudo /usr/lib/virtualbox/vboxdrv.sh status

then try to run again genymotion :) i hope that helps!


No brightness control, HP dv3500 laptop / GeForce GPU

Please try smartdimmer.
I've succeeded using it via command line, now looking a way to bind it to fn+f7 and fn+f8.


Step 1: Download Ubuntu 14.04.
Here is a link for that:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop.

Step 2: Create an ubuntu boot able USB, here are the steps :

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows

Step 3: Reboot your computer and boot from USB. To do that usually you will have to press F12
Here is a link on how to do that:
http://lifehacker.com/5991848/how-to-boot-from-a-cd-or-usb-drive-on-any-pc

Step 4: Install ubuntu and enjoy its amazing features:
Here is a link on how to install it:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/install-ubuntu-desktop

PS: Make sure you choose 32 bit.

External References: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QWUf45ZPAQM


How can I access additional channels on my sound card through PulseAudio without kludges?

The examples here helped me:

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PulseAudio/Examples#Simultaneous_HDMI_and_Analog_Output

I ended up with the following in ~/.config/pulse/default.pa:

# http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/Modules/#index12h3
# https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PulseAudio/Examples#Simultaneous_HDMI_and_Analog_Output
# remix=no is required, otherwise it will turn 2-channel sound into 4-channel sound and send it to all master channels
load-module module-remap-sink sink_name=headphones remix=no master=alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-surround-40 channels=2 master_channel_map=front-left,front-right channel_map=front-left,front-right sink_properties=device.description=Headphones
load-module module-remap-sink sink_name=speakers remix=no master=alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-surround-40 channels=2 master_channel_map=rear-left,rear-right   channel_map=front-left,front-right sink_properties=device.description=Speakers

# sending output to this goes to both
# replacing "0" with "alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-surround-40" might work, but this also does
update-sink-proplist 0 device.description="Both"

# this renames the virtual streams, which show up in KMix.  It's handy, since KMix can't show more than one sink for master volume in the popup
update-sink-input-proplist 0 media.name="Headphones"
update-sink-input-proplist 1 media.name="Speakers"

Replace your device names (the master=...) as necessary.

NOTE: You must first copy /etc/pulse/default.pa to ~/.config/pulse/default.pa and then edit it, because pulseaudio doesn't read from the system-wide file at all if the user's file exists.  Henceforth you must merge any changes from the system-wide file into your personal one.  Alternatively you could just edit the system-wide file, but then it could be overwritten by updates, which would throw all your work away!  (Or maybe dpkg would prompt you to manually merge them, but what if you didn't notice?  (Insert recommendation for etckeeper here.))

There is also an example here:

http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/Modules/#index12h3

But it uses the aux channels, which is more confusing.  Using remix=no makes that unnecessary.

Now I have no idea what your definition of a kludge is, but you should be able to use these examples plus the PA Wiki or a bit of googling to get you the rest of the way.  For your extra channels, the wiki lists this:

  Channel map. A list of comma-separated channel names. The currently defined channel names are: left, right, mono, center, front-left, front-right, front-center, rear-center, rear-left, rear-right, lfe, subwoofer, front-left-of-center, front-right-of-center, side-left, side-right, aux0, aux1 to aux15, top-center, top-front-left, top-front-right, top-front-center, top-rear-left, top-rear-right, top-rear-center, (Default depends on the number of channels and the driver)

By the way, the pacmd tool takes the exact same commands as the default.pa file, so you can make changes interactively, then paste the working commands into default.pa, just without pacmd in each one.  Be advised, you might have to do some things slightly differently, like unloading some modules first, compared to doing it in default.pa, since pulseaudio is already running.  I spent some time hair-pulling over this.  (:v)


That's some significant development work to make that happen. Not a switch to be flipped, but a fully designed and developed feature.

You may not be aware though that just visiting the display section in system settings enables you to rearrange your displays in any manner you like. It's not a single button press but it's pretty quick and easy to do, and the setting is retained for the next time that external display is attached.


Setting up webserver with ISPConfig : mail configuration

In /etc/postfix/master.cf, uncomment the lines:

submission inet n       -       -       -       -       smtpd

[...]

smtps     inet  n       -       -       -       -       smtpd


Just install all the updates and you'll get it.

The "point releases" of Ubuntu LTS versions aren't something special, as standard releases are. The same repositories are used.

In other words, 14.04.2 = 14.04 + all current updates.


How can I do a clean reinstall from a bootable USB if I'm having my computer boot from it?

Ended up booting into GRUB and reordering priorities so that the USB would boot first.


Qualcomm Atheros QCA9565 not detected by ubuntu 16.04

It appears that you installed a mainline kernel image from here: http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.5.4-yakkety/ Please be certain that you installed linux-headers-generic appropriate to your architecture; either 32- or 64-bit; also linux-headers-generic all and, finally, linux-image-generic appropriate to your architecture; either 32- or 64-bit. If any one of these three is missing, install it, reboot and then try again:

sudo modprobe ath9k && dmesg | grep ath

You should not see:

  FATAL: Module ath9k not found

And your wireless should now be working.


Playitslowly

This software is not only good for transcription but was originally designed for musicians to help learning how to play a given track. It comes with the following features:

  Uses gstreamer for playback (mp3, ogg vorbis, midi, flv, etc. after codecs were installed)
  Can also be used with ALSA and JACK
  Change playback speed and/or pitch
  Loop over parts of a track
  Export to wav if needed

  Source: Developer's Blog


Battery indicator ALWAYS says Using Battery Power - even when plugged in

In nine years of using many versions of Ubuntu on probably well over 50 laptops total (long story) I've found this to sometimes occur on new installations but ordinarily it settles down after a few updates.  How long have you had this installation installed?

If you answer less than 2 weeks, please try this.  Press your windows key.  type upd -enter-.  At the update screen PRESS CHECK.  Check will verify if there is anything in need of updating.  After an update your problem (and others you might be unaware of yet) may subside.


Ubuntu 18.04 LTS freezes a lot with windows 10 dual boot

GNOME-shell 3.26.2 has a documented memory leak w/ lags and freezes, as shown in  Bugzilla and the GNOME bug tracking forum.  One user found disabling animations helps but does not solve the issue.

Until then, you may consider using a different flavor of 18.04 LTS such as Kubuntu, Lubuntu, Ubuntu Budgie, Ububntu Kyliin, or Ubuntu Mate.  They do not have this problem, which is limited to GNOME-shell .


When I am trying to install Apache Apollo on ubuntu, it is giving command not found error

I followed the APOLLA documentation (linked in above question) blindly. i.e. I was trying to create broker using

cd /var/lib
${APOLLO_HOME}/bin/apollo create mybroker

but 'apollo' is sh file. Hence it should be run using 'sh'. When I tried 'sh apollo create mybroker', it worked.


$ find -type f -links +1

That will show all regular files that have more than one link (name) to them. It will not tell you which names are linked to the same file, for that you could use -samefile or -inum, e.g. find -samefile "$somefile"

In the technical sense, all files (file names) are (hard) links, it's just that files with more than one link pointing to them are interesting in this sense. But even in those cases, there's no way to say that one of them is the "proper" file, and the other a link, the links are equal.

As an example:

$ touch a b c
$ ln b b2 ; ln c c2
$ find -type f -links +1
./c2
./b
./b2
./c
$ find -samefile b
./b
./b2


How to compiler OpenMP program using clang?

I had the same problem.

sudo apt install libomp-dev

Fixed it with Ubuntu 16.10

//test.c
#include "omp.h"
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
  #pragma omp parallel
  printf("thread %d\n", omp_get_thread_num());
}

Then

clang test.c -fopenmp
./a.out
thread 0
thread 5
thread 2
thread 1
thread 7
thread 3
thread 4
thread 6

Also

clant-3.9 test.c -fopenmp

works.

GCC and Clang use different OpenMP runtime libraries : libgomp and libomp respectivly.

Clang's runtime is the LLVM OpenMP runtime which in turn is based on the Intel OpenMP runtime (which is open source).
https://www.openmprtl.org/

On my system GCC installed omp.h at

/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/6/include/omp.h

and libomp-dev insalled omp.h at

/usr/include/omp.h

These are different header files which include different function definitions. It may be okay to use either header file for e.g. omp_get_wtime() but in general I think it's probably better to use the header file that corresponds to the runtime that is linked to.


CMake 3.2.2 is available for Precise in this PPA:

ppa:george-edison55/precise-backports  (Click here for instructions on using PPAs.)


Set a local repo in order apt-get to handle .deb dependecies

What you're trying to accomplish in Debian is different than in Fedora. Save your deb files where ever you like then use dpkg to install them.

dpkg -i /path/file.deb

Once installed

apt-get install -f

should fix any dependancey issues.

Don't forget to use sudo on these commands if not root.


The only solution I found is to not use usual GNOME3 shell. Seems like the problem is in lack of RAM, that's why I switched to lxqt, where everything worked. Also, I tried switching to Cinnamon, but the problem wasn't solved. The only answer to give is to get more RAM if you're using a PC, or to switch desktop environment if you're using a laptop.


Black screen after upgrading to Ubuntu 16.04

I propose first to burn an ISO-CD and run Ubuntu in Test Mode in a ramdisk.
Here we (maybe) see if generally the thing works.
Upgrade to 16.04-64?


Can't see LOCAL java applets in my browser

If you're running openJDK, then search for IcedTea Web Control Panel, and click on it.

Once the window opens check the security settings.  When done click OK.


Problem in installing maven ('/usr/bin' is not included in the PATH environment variable)

It looks like you already changed your path. I can reproduce your error in a trivial way...

$ PATH=/some/path
$ sudo uname -r
Command 'sudo' is available in '/usr/bin/sudo'
The command could not be located because '/usr/bin' is not included in the PATH
 environment variable.
sudo: command not found

Ordinarily, you can fix this most easily by closing the terminal and opening a new one, since the change to PATH only holds for this shell and its children. Otherwise, run source /etc/environment if you have not edited /etc/environment.

If that does not work, it means you changed PATH in a configuration file somewhere, such as ~/.profile or ~/.bashrc or /etc/environment, and you will have to find the line that does that and change it. You will have a line like this

PATH=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.5.4/bin

This means that the only directory where the shell will search for commands/programs to run is /usr/local/apache-maven-3.5.4/bin. The change to PATH should be in ~/.profile and should be like this:

PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/apache-maven-3.5.4/bin"

Adding $PATH: to the start means your existing PATH, which includes /usr/bin and all the other places where essential commands are found, will be included.

If you have changed /etc/environment, undo your changes if you saved a backup, or replace what you added there with the original content:

PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games"

Note that you can still access commands that are not in PATH using full paths, for example:

/usr/bin/sudo /bin/nano /etc/environment

Also note that you do not need export to change PATH, because it is already exported. Neither do you need sudo to assign to your PATH.


I want to build a media server. media only. is this possible with ubuntu?

This is very possible. Look into XBMC and/or MythTV.


(Ubuntu Server) Is there a way to check if eth0 is working, and if not, enable wlan0?

you can create script in /etc/network/if-down.d/ and in /etc/network/if-up.d/. Something like this. Make script called script with execute permissions 755.

In example eth0 is name of network interface

For /etc/network/if-down.d/

# Check for specific interface if desired
[ "$IFACE" != "eth0" ] || exit 0
# Do something
sudo ifup wlan0

For /etc/network/if-up.d/

# Check for specific interface if desired
[ "$IFACE" != "eth0" ] || exit 0
# Do something
sudo ifdown wlan0

Deamon will when eth0 go down bring up wlan0 and when eht0 go up bring down wlan0


Ubuntu server does not show login prompt

After reinstalling Ubuntu server, the issue disappeared.  The original problem seems to be a faulty PCIE Slot on the MB.  Moving the graphics card to a different slot fixed my problem.


Xubuntu not bootable from a Legacy BIOS computer?

Since you mentioned the system is older, it may just not be USB boot compatible. That is not uncommon on older systems. If you could list the system specs we could have more information to find a proper answer, or try a search for it.

(EDIT: removed previous solution as it does not apply to OPs system setup)

Gigabyte MBs are notorious for having USB Boot issues. You might be able to get it to boot using HDD+. Try these steps:

During BOOT, press DEL and go to your BIOS settings.
Make sure that you have both "USB Legacy" and "USB Storage" in the Integrated Peripherals menu.
Now, set your Boot Order to HD first, then CD/DVD.
Next, plug in your Ubuntu USB and reboot the system.
On BOOT, press F12 to pull up the boot menu. Choose HDD+ option.

You should then see your USB device on the next screen. Select it and press ENTER.

Hope this works...


Background

I encountered this bug with a clean installation of 32-bit Kubuntu 16.10. After allowing updates to the system:

with Dolphin I browsed to remote: (Network)
I opened Add Network Folder
I expected a launch of knetattach (Network Folder Wizard – KDE Network Wizard)
instead, a .desktop file was opened by Kate.

I installed Thunar 1.6.11, browsed /usr/share/applications/ and found files, with representative names such as KNetAttach, behaving as expected.

Browsing the same directory with Dolphin, I found org.kde.knetattach.desktop and other .desktop files misbehaving; Dolphin failed to execute the required files.

Unix & Linux Stack Exchange

There's the accepted answer to KUbuntu 10.04 / Dolphin File Manager: Is there a way to make .desktop files display the filename the same as the NAME= in the metadata? – relevant to one of the symptoms that were observed in my case, but not a solution to the execution problem.

Super User

There's the accepted answer to KDE launcher opens .desktop files in Kate but what's suggested there did not work around the execution problem in my case.

The solution in my case

The reply to .desktop files are opened with text editor • KDE Community Forums refers to a 2015 topic:

How do I unset default to open .desktop in a text editor?

– I took a hint from a 2016 reply from mfrandsen.

nano ~/.config/kiorc

The file comprised two lines,

[Executable scripts]
behaviourOnLaunch=open

I edited the second line to read:

behaviourOnLaunch=execute

– then saved the file.

Immediately after the save, Dolphin behaved as expected.


Space being used without having any file

I got my problem fixed. From what I read in the FAQs it is a known bug. For anybody with a similar problem, I suggest sending threw the Contact Us from the Ubuntu One main page a request similar to my original question and, in my case, they answered quickly and the problem solved immediately.


New installation-beginner - desktop but no Terminal /Shell / USB drives present or available

I see you've found your answer already. Nevertheless, I'll repost here as an answer.

Just press CTRL-ALT-T on your keyboard. You could also launch a terminal from the Dash (press Super -Windows key- and type 'terminal') or any other launcher you may have installed.

If you want a 'real shell', press CTRL-ALT-F1 to CTRL-ALT-F6 for each shell you want to open.


How do I use the C.L.I. to convert packages in the output from apt-cache depends into a space‐separated list for use with apt-get download?

The answer I arrived at is apt-get download $(apt-cache depends gimp | while read line; do grep --only-matching --perl-regexp "(?<= Depends: ).+"; done | tr "\n" " ") using the package gimp as an example.

Explanation:

Run apt-cache depends as a subshell argument to apt-get download.
On the initial subshell output, use a while loop that that splits the output into lines assigned to the variable line—which can be named anything and is otherwise not required—using the read command.
For each line of output, use the grep command with a Perl regular expression. enabled with the flag --perl-regexp, that utilizes a positive lookbehind involving the string “Depends:”, and only display the matched text using the flag --only-matching.
Finally, translate all newline characters into space characters using the tr command.


How to generate an extended F key press (F13-F20)?

xmodmap may be the program to look into here, though it looks like it will take some fiddling. There is some discussion about using xmodmap to simulate a super/fn key and generate F13-20 keycodes here. You need to find they keycodes currently used for Shift-F7 using the technique in that link, then remap them in your ~/.Xmodmap file. So for example if your Shift-F7 keycode was 320 your ~/.Xmodmap would look like:
keycode 320 = F17
keycode 321 = F18

A couple of the comments here look pretty useful for this.


1. First you need to have installed java. Can install from Software Center or by following command in terminal. (Open terminal with pressing Ctrl+Alt+T ).

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk openjdk-7-jre openjdk-7-jre-headless

2. Right click on the .jar file and select Open With Openjdk Java 6/7 Runtime

** If there is no Open With Openjdk Java 6/7 Runtime option in menu, then select Open with and then select Openjdk Java 6/7 Runtime

** If it is not even in the Open with then select Other Aplication... and select Openjdk Java 6/7 Runtime

** If it is even not found here, then select Show other apllications Button. Here you can select Openjdk Java 6/7 Runtime

** If it is not even in Show other apllications list, you need to done something in Terminal

i.  Open terminal with pressing Ctrl+Alt+T .

ii.  Paste this in terminal prompt and Enter.

gksudo gedit '/usr/share/applications/openjdk-7-java.desktop'

iii.  In the resulting gedit document, Change the NoDisplay=true line to NoDisplay=false: then save the file and close it.

iv.  Then you will able to find Openjdk Java 6/7 Runtime in any of the above Open with menu.

3.  Another method is to create a Desktop icon to launch this .jar file application. To do that :

i.  In terminal run gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/[NAME OF THE APPLICATION].desktop

** Replace the [NAME OF THE APPLICATION] with .jar file name.

iI.  Add the following lines to the resulting empty gedit. Replace the text in [ ] with appropriate. Then save it and close.

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=[APPLICATION NAME]
Comment=[WHAT EVER]
Exec=java -jar [DIRECTORY OF THE FILE]/[FILE NAME.JAR] %F
StartupNotify=true
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=/usr/share/icons/gnome/256x256/apps/[ANY ICON YOU LIKE IN THIS FOLDER]
NoDisplay=false
MimeType=applications/php

iii.  You will able to find the icon for this application in Dash. You can open the .jar file application by click on it.


How do I get the latest GIMP version available?

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, 14.04 LTS, 16.04 LTS, 17.10, 18.04 LTS

You can do this through the Terminal:

Uninstall GIMP

sudo apt-get autoremove gimp gimp-plugin-registry

Add the following PPA

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:otto-kesselgulasch/gimp
sudo apt-get update

Reinstall the latest GIMP

sudo apt-get install gimp


It clearly says that It needs 8.6 GB and You have only 5.4 GB. Create hard disk with at least recommended space.


I run into the same problem this weekend, the solution I found was upgrading Synergy on my Xubuntu 14.04 following this steps.

wget -q -O - http://archive.getdeb.net/getdeb-archive.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://archive.getdeb.net/ubuntu trusty-getdeb apps" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/getdeb.list'
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install synergy

It actually updated from 1.4 to 1.7.6, and turning off the Encryption option on both "Server"(Xubuntu 14.04 with Synergy 1.7.6) and "Client" (Ubuntu 16.04 with Synergy 1.6.2) I was able to connect and use it again.

The strange part for me was that I didn't remember the option to register the app... I need to check this later again.


Netbook performs hard shutdown without warning on low battery power

When a battery reaches to the point of time to take critical action taking level , Ubuntu won't warn you about this, instead it just perform the action required (such as suspend, hibernate, shutdown etc, based on your choice). This is the setting and it can't be changed. But Ubuntu should give you a warning, when battery reach low level and critical level.

By default, Ubuntu uses time remaining as a trigger of it's pre-defined action.

You will be given a low battery warning, before 1200 seconds (20 minutes) to be empty.
You will be given a critical battery warning, when it reaches 300 seconds (5 minutes) remaining
Battery critical action is performed when only 120 seconds (2 minutes) remaining.

The power statistics from your output suggests a bad/damaged battery. In these cases, it is hard for Ubuntu to measure actual time remaining data. Also the battery drains quickly between from 300 seconds to 120 seconds, so just try to shut down the PC which is configured in the settings.

I suggest you to do this,

First change the policy of trigger from time to percentage.

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power use-time-for-policy false

Then raise the percentage required to give you a warning, the default is 10%. Change it to 30%.

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power percentage-low 30

Then raise the percentage required to be considered as critical to 20%, default is 3%.

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power percentage-critical 20

Then raise the percentage required to take the critical action, it is now 2%. change it to 15%

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power percentage-action 15

Then change the critical action to be taken to hibernate, instead of shutdown. You need to first enable the hibernate option.

How to enable hibernation?

Then use this command to change it to hibernate.

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power critical-battery-action hibernate

I think, this should solve your problem. If you still have problems with level, raise the levels even higher.


What does "VESA: Madison" in the graphics driver information mean?

Madison is simply AMD/ATI's code name for the Mobility Radeon  HD 56xx/57xx series GPUs (laptop video cards):

This description indicates that you have one of these GPUs in your laptop, and that Ubuntu is successfully using the proprietary fglrx driver; no changes are necessary.
"Standard" is the normal graphics experience, allowing the use of the Unity (3D) desktop; it's not possible to "upgrade" it.


Problem solved thanks to user steeldriver.

My username was in the passwordless login list. It was removed by running the terminal command in this article:

No password asked at login screen just start session button with LightDM


Is there any way I can make deluge to get minimised to tray icon at the topbar when clicked on 'x(close)'?

Deluge has deamon called
deluged
. You can use that so that even after closing the deluged UI (delug-gtk), it will run continuously in the background.

Install it using

sudo apt-get install deluged.


How to use a recipe to deal with PPA package dependency change across distribution

Technically you could add a run line to your recipe to execute some script that performs the substitution in the debian/rules file depending on the target distribution. However, that would work only when running bzr build locally because run isn't supported in launchpad as noted here (I guess that's because of security concerns).

Hence, my advice is to have two different recipes pointing to different branches for the packaging files and launch each recipe for the appropriate distributions.


We do have plans to add face recognition and a Faces (or People) view to Shotwell: Bugzilla - Shotwell - Face detection

There's been some movement on a patch from community contributors, but there's still plenty of work to do.

UPDATE: Adventuresome Shotwell users unafraid to run development code should read my answer to How can I compile Shotwell to be able to use the faces feature?


Internal speakers not working although external speakers are working fine.

Built-in and plugged-in speakers are often controlled by different mixer channels. Call alsamixer (it's in the alsa-utils package) and scroll through the available controls using the ← → cursor keys until you find the correct control. The volume may be tuned down (change with ↑ ↓), or the channel muted (toggle with M) completely.

Be also aware that sometimes the built-in speakers are auto-muted when external ones are plugged in.


Connect the disk and let your automounter mount the filesystem
Use lsblk -o UUID,MOUNTPOINT to find the UUID of the block device the filesystem is on, e.g. 6e642696-3cb4-4d4e-86a6-2fae2b9295cc.
Add a line to your /etc/fstab referencing the UUID and specifying the additional mount option:

UUID=6e642696-3cb4-4d4e-86a6-2fae2b9295cc /media/user/backupdrive btrfs noauto,subvol=/,compress=zstd

Unmount and re-mount the drive and check that the options were set using mount

Bonus: This also works for filesystems on LUKS-encrypted drives.


What is the main difference between chmod and chown?

In simple term
chown is used to change the ownership of a file while chmod is for changing the file mode bits.

chown defines who owns the file.
chmod defines  who can do what.

When you make someone the owner of a file, (s)he can do almost wherever (s)he want to that file, for example (s)he can use chmod to changes its mods (say permissions) to define who can do what.

$ ls -l file
-rwxrwxr-x  2  ravexina admins   26 May  9 12:49 file

At the above line we can see that ravexina is the owner of the file and admins is the group. I can use: sudo chown dave:sudo file to change the owner of the file to dave and the group to sudo; Now the file belongs to "dave" and everyone in "sudo" group.

However with chmod we define who can do what? who has the right to read a file, write to a file or execute it. e.g:

chmod 777 file

gives the rights of read, write and execute to everyone including owner, group and everyones else.

From turnoff.us:


This worked for me:
python3 /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl


The command you are looking for is

sudo cpupower frequency-set -f <frequency>


You are supposed to execute that file, not open it in a text editor. Apparently it's a binary file, no human readable script.

So to do that, first make it executable from a terminal using

chmod +x /PATH/TO/YOUR/FILE.run

Then you can simply execute it by typing its filename (including absolute or relative path).


"The upgrade has aborted" error, how to proceed?

Ok, this is how I solved the problem eventually: burn a live cd/USB, boot from it, go to 'install', and choose the Upgrade option.


How can I contribute without using PayPal?

I saw a notice a few months back stating that there will be more payment method added but that for now the best way was to purchase from the giftshop at http://shop.ubuntu.com/ They accept visa, mastercard, maestro, paypal, worldpay.

If you want purchase a bunch of DVDs and give them away or get a few T-shirts. You contribute to Ubuntu but also get something back for it. Better than just giving away money.


Substitute the English locale file for LMMS in place of the expected French locale file. Open the terminal and run:

cd /usr/share/lmms/locale
sudo cp fr.qm fr.qm.bak
sudo rm fr.qm
sudo mv -T en.qm fr.qm

LMMS will now load en.qm as fr.qm and you will now have English text in your LMMS installation.

Reference: http://packages.ubuntu.com/fr/precise/all/lmms-common/filelist


Redirect http requests to another server

As part of the PC(system-1) which runs web service, you can use one additional PC(system-2) to get this thing done.

From clients where you access the web service set the default gateway pointing to the system-2.
set up port forwarding on system-2, for example 173.194.112.151:80 --> 192.168.1.10:808; where 192.168.1.10 is the system-1.

TIP: for this port forwarding scenario I recommended to use firewalld instead of ufs which comes as default firewall on Debian like system.

you can install firewalld by $ sudo apt-get install firewalld
make sure to disable ufw also.


Why is ubuntu 20.04 slow in a dual boot system with Windows 10?

System "freezes" are often caused by running too many, too large programs and running out of available memory. Use free to see if you have swap space, read man mkswap swapon fstab to create some. Traditionally, swap space of 1.5 × RAM has been recommended,  but YMMV. If you don't plan to hibernate your system, you can have less than 1.0 × RAM.


How can i share the host Ubuntu machine desktop to guest Windows machine

For 11.10 and below
Do the following:
First you will need to add yourself (Your Ubuntu user) to the vboxusers.

Go to System -> Administration -> Users and Groups
Select Manage Groups
Look for vboxusers and double click on it
Select yourself form the list since you will be unselected if it is the first time.
It may be needed to Relog/Reboot for the changes to take effect.

Now you have to setup the Windows Guest.

Install your Windows Guest. In my case is Windows XP SP3
Create a folder in your Ubuntu home directory (Lets call it ShareMe)
Open Virtualbox and go to your WinXP VirtualBox Settings. Go to the option that says Shared Folder and click on the little Blue Folder with the Plus sign and select the Folder you want from your home directory (The ShareMe Folder in my case) and then put the name of the folder.
Now run WinXP VirtualBox and install Guest Addition (Load the Guest Addition CD).
Reboot the WinXP Virtualbox after installing Guest Addition and it should automatically load the Shared Folder. If it does not then do this in the Windows Terminal: net use x: \\vboxsvr\SharedMe

Now you have a User in the vboxusers and you have also shared your folder.


How to merge and pipe results from two different commands to single command?

Your magical union thing is a semicolon... and curly braces:

    { cat wordlist.txt ; ls ~/folder/* ; } | wc -l

The curly braces are only grouping the commands together, so that the pipe sign | affects the combined output.

You can also use parentheses () around a command group, which would execute the commands in a subshell. This has a subtle set of differences with curly braces, e.g. try the following out:

    cd $HOME/Desktop ; (cd $HOME ; pwd) ; pwd
    cd $HOME/Desktop ; { cd $HOME ; pwd ; } ; pwd

You'll see that all environment variables, including the current working directory, are reset after exiting the parenthesis group, but not after exiting the curly-brace group.

As for the semicolon, alternatives include the && and || signs, which will conditionally execute the second command only if the first is successful or if not, respectively, e.g.

    cd $HOME/project && make
    ls $HOME/project || echo "Directory not found."


the only safe way is not to use a password and setup public keys for your sftp connection to the outside world:
ssh-keygen

If you don't set a password, then you can script it to auto-start. You can also use a password to encrypt your private keys. You'd then want to modify /etc/ssh/sshd_config to only allow login with the keys not the password.
You should see something like below. The private key should never leave your machine.
tom@jb:~/.ssh$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/tom/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/tom/.ssh/id_rsa
Your public key has been saved in /home/tom/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:3f88MO3hUf4DvGFASPjuWEmoTwCGFsw3s+xGJgjtFck tom@jb
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
|ooo..o  o..      |
|.=.*E  . . .     |
|+.+.=   o .      |
|...= . . + o    .|
|  =   o S o + ...|
|   o . . +   O +.|
|  .   o +   . X +|
|       o .   . B.|
|                =|
+----[SHA256]-----+

The public key should be added to your server's authorized keys file:
cat /home/tom/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys # roughly speaking

Don't ask me how you plan to get the pub keys on their in the first place though! THis is the text that looks like;
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABgQC+ybhOrgg7SBbbMho75R2DsAnFNjHGZGEa2i2PhNM2mGAOY/7GRGhEQsUuGHyciuvSld7m+HVTEemXQszAc9B0/ElO/wuz1+i/elSpi6dbMuzqihZE9SFik8GQzf8BxrgsU1av/OazwagLUPWm2Y4XGxYZrfolRSnhYiJ3htB8G6TH6yemX9jZ6btxTlUlCtkmgR0hTA8iZzPwTAr/g9TckBee9nbq9amcVO2ff+t+ and this is only the pub key of a 4096 bit pair remember MZFF8PxDFQH70qWcrb2XSlUvhsfCGZxTQqLWON749rLXQSPSbW8nFA2Lz1mRJ++NnChvPcODBgVfBd+E59LBSsD9JLcBrWJj5IBpTBu9znNR3QaMYukrQ0Cnpa01+6ZwmEilhQBZg/xtrJxGK8vq8SQamtWWNzY5Bm0atsbdazXX8j7AUogMNHiXICIrVky6jf4E5tH57dQeHeUTWgU5Ql3q6yyfKh/Q1HJMdvIlS58cYE5Xc= tom@jb

Your sshd server may need to listen on the wide-open to the internet 0.0.0.0 instead of say 127.0.0.1 (only you) or maybe 192.168.1.69 for a LAN. THen open port 22 on your firewall to your host 192.168.1.69 etc. which If you need the path of your SMB or SFTP shares from inside the ssh tunnel, try dragging and dropping the icon for the folder in question to reveal a path like:
/run/user/1000/gvfs/sftp:host=moderna.local/Users/tom/ALLYOURBASE

This is how I get on to some old HFS+ and APFS macOS format disks with read/write. Good solution to the read-only mount issue there. This remote-mounted network share is available via /run/ after using sftp to get in (ftp over ssh).


How to run a script at boot and then every 30 minutes

Write a control file and place it in /etc/cron.d/myscriptrun

SHELL=/bin/sh
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
@reboot   root    /usr/local/bin/myscript.sh

Do not make this file executable. It is a control file not a script.

Write a bash script and place it in /usr/local/bin/myscript.sh
#!/bin/bash

while true ; do

    python3 /myScriptPath/myScriptName.py &
    sleep 30m

done

Make it executable chmod a+x /etc/cron.d/bashscript.
The & starts the job in the background so the script will sleep for exactly 30 minutes. You can remove the & and that changes the script to sleep 30 minutes after the job ends. Meaning jobs no longer start 30 minutes apart.

Cron runs your job
You don't need to start the script, cron does that automatically at boot time. To monitor status use:
$ systemctl status cron*
● cron.service - Regular background program processing daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/cron.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2019-11-12 06:01:27 MST; 1 weeks 6 days ago
     Docs: man:cron(8)
 Main PID: 1115 (cron)
   CGroup: /system.slice/cron.service
           ├─1115 /usr/sbin/cron -f
           ├─1132 /usr/sbin/CRON -f
           ├─1138 /bin/sh -c    /usr/local/bin/eyesome.sh
           ├─1142 /bin/bash /usr/local/bin/eyesome.sh
           ├─1160 /bin/bash /usr/local/bin/eyesome-dbus.sh
           ├─1168 dbus-monitor --system type=method_call, interface=org.freedesktop.ColorManag
           ├─1169 /bin/bash /usr/local/bin/eyesome-dbus.sh
           └─6575 sleep 57207

Your display will have cron at the top and sleep at the bottom but will not have eyesome stuff in the middle, unless you are using that sunrise/sunset multiple monitor brightness/gamma transitioning software.
To see when your python job runs at it's next 30 minute interval run an inquiry on the process ID of the sleep command (which is 6575 in the example above):
$ remaining_sleep_time 6575
55923

$ echo $((55923/60))
932

The time remaining is 55923 seconds divided by 60 seconds in a minute = 932 minutes before the job wakes up. To get a copy of remaining_sleep_time function see:

How to determine the amount of time left in a “sleep”?


Solved my own problem.

Docker uses an overlay2 file system in /var/lib/docker.
An overlay2 filesystem cannot be used on an overlay file system that overlayroot uses. It can however reside on it as regular files.
So my solution was to:
make a copy of /var/lib/docker/overlay2.
Mount a tmpfs on /var/lib/docker/overlay2
On boot - copy that copy of /var/lib/docker/overlay2 to that tmpfs.
Start up docker. Docker now sees it on an tmpfs, not an overlay file system.


Display Resolution Setting is Lost After Wake from Suspend

From time to time the Window Manager will reset my displays as well. So as to not have to go manually reset them (or reboot) I've created a function in ~/.bashrc to do this for me:

xreset () {

    # Reset xrandr to normal, first use: xrandr | grep " connected "
    # HDMI-0 connected 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 1107mm x 623mm
    # eDP-1-1 connected primary 1920x1080+3840+2160 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 382mm x 215mm
    # DP-1-1 connected 3840x2160+1920+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 1600mm x 900mm
    xrandr --output HDMI-0  --mode 1920x1080 --pos 0x0       --rotate normal \
           --output eDP-1-1 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 3840x2160 --rotate normal \
           --primary \
           --output DP-1-1  --mode 3840x2160 --pos 1920x0    --rotate normal

} # xreset

Whenever the screens are "wacky" I open a terminal and type xreset.

The first step for you is to create a similar function. The next step is to have it automatically called when suspending from resume. To do that create a script in /lib/systemd/system-sleep and mark it executable.

Of course the desirable solution is to fix the Window Manager (Unity, GDM, etc) but if that isn't possible this band-aid approach can be taken.


Install Natty on a new partition and keep updating.


How do I prevent directories mounted with 'bind' from appearing on 'Devices' on nautilus?

Mount them elsewhere. /media is automatically added. Mount them in /mnt and they will not appear (unless someone made a udev rule to do so). Nowadays everything seems to be mounted in /media but it used to be so that /mnt was for internal disks and /media for removable discs. No-one is stopping you from using /mnt!
Adding the x-gvfs-show as Arhimed pointed out in comments does not seem to work. This bug #1011257 affects both 12.10 and 13.04 and is due to a package that needs to be updated: util-linux.
Besides that you can cancel all automounting from dconf-editor:


Why can't I install the Pino twitter client in 12.04?

It looks like Pino hasn't been updated in almost two years (since January 2011). It was only officially available in Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric., and is not included in 12.04. That's why you get the "not found" error.

You can install it from this PPA:

Open a terminal with Ctrl-Alt-T
Type/paste: sudo apt-add-repository ppa:fabriziosm/ppa-testing
Then type/paste: sudo apt-get update
Close the terminal.

Now open Software Center, and search for Pino. You should now see an Install button. Install Pino; I tried it on 12.04 and it appears to work.

  Related: Are PPA's safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?


Intermitent dissapearence of mouse speed option

Just a workaround here - I am also affected by this bug, but the terminal command xset allows you to adjust the mouse speed using the command line.  I suggest doing a man xset to learn more about the command, but "xset m 1.3 0" is the magic number for me.  The format of the command is xset m speed threshold.  More explanation on what threshold means can be found in the manpages.

The link to the bug in launchpad is here.


How to download a 32-bit version of Ubuntu 18.04

As of 18.04, 32-bit versions of Ubuntu are no longer available for download.  However, the default Ubuntu desktop can be installed on any Ubuntu Flavor, most of which still provide 32-bit downloads:

Ubuntu Budgie
Ubuntu MATE
Xubuntu
Lubuntu
Kubuntu

Downloads may also be found at the following links:

releases.ubuntu.com
cdimage.ubuntu.com
old-releases.ubuntu.com

The 32 bit version files end in -i386.iso.  The 64 bit versions, which run on both AMD and Intel CPUs, end in -amd64.iso.


Will using the same Steam game library folder on both Windows 7 and Ubuntu 12.04 create conflicts?

To change the default Download folder,

Just quit Steam (important!) and move the entire Steam folder to another location

mv ~/.local/share/Steam /new/path

and start Steam again. It says something like "can't find Steam, did you move it?" and than you can choose the new folder location.


Shift + 3 gives pound instead of hash after Update

From a terminal window run setxkbmap us and restart the session. It may work without restarting too. That would set your keyboard layout to US English.


GNURadio Companion and gr-ax.25 or gr-packetradio

Perhaps you could boot into this live distro. http://www.shackbox.net/ I haven't used it myself but I hear it works just fine.

If you have a dedicated machine and do a fresh install you're not able to follow the pybomb directions? If you can install gnuradio via the pybombs you'll then be able to "./pybombs install gr-packetradio"


Kubuntu won't boot after installing fglrx-updates

If its stuck like this and u cannot diagnose (which is a pitty) u can still use the recovery-option of the most recent kernel in the GRUB-menu to come to a root-shell. But before that u will have to establish a "network-connection" from within the recovery-menu

Then run there
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

exit would return you to the recovery-menu (just said) – would recomend sudo reboot then - If I understood yr Q right and you are seeking a way to catch the update. If not so then

Option 2: Another opportunity would be to edit the 1st start-sequence in the GRUB-menu and append the boot-option nomodeset If this alone doesn't help insert  xforcevesa in addition. Just place these options between "quiet plymouth" Hope this helps ;-)

edit3:
Something went obviously wrong, in order to find out the right proceeding on installation of proprietary software, you firstly have to revert your system back into a stable state - remove fglrx wt all its components.

Reinstall the missing parts for the opensource driver.

For error analysis it is essential to share information about your systems components in question. Not having this can end up in a time-consuming guess & try + lead to frustration on both sides. It also reduces the risk to get any breakage or malformation.

This answer already given may help you to understand the complexity+necessary steps – https://askubuntu.com/a/74172/472414 (is-my-ati-graphics-card-supported-in-ubuntu)


Connecting with Thunar through two layers of sftp

You have two possibilities:

Using sshfs. On host one you need to mount the remote directory to some directory:
sshfs user@host2:/directory /mountpoint then on your computer you just have to open sftp://user1@host1/mountpoint. Sshfs uses libfuse to mount filesystem in userspace. It is not needed to have superuser permissions. It is mostly enough to be in fuse usergroup.
Port redirection - making it possible to "directly" connect via ssh from your computer to host2. Just execute a command: ssh user1@host1 -L 2022:host2:22
then you can access host2 from your own computer by:
ssh user2@127.0.0.1 -p 2022
When you're using this method you have to instruct your thunar to use other port (in the example it is 2022). How to do this? You can find it here: How do I connect to a server with thunar in Xubuntu? - sftp://user2@127.0.0.1:2022/directory


Ubuntu for Phones ROM will be available in late February 2013.

  The image will be made available for download in late February, and while the only phone we've seen running the OS is a Galaxy Nexus, Shuttleworth made it clear last week that it should be relatively easy to load up the OS on any Android device.

Reference: http://www.phonearena.com/news/Ubuntu-for-phones-image-will-be-available-in-late-February_id38400


How don't autostart all programs, that was opened before shut down

System Settings > System administration > Startup and shutdown > Session management > On login: start with empty session


You should be able to expand your Ubuntu partition if you boot from an Ubuntu install disk, go into the try me session and use gparted from there.


Struggles to connect to network when using WPA with a BCM43225

I tried un-installing; Unity, Compiz, and ubuntu-desktop (I am using the Gnome3 shell). I think there is a problem, at times, between Unity and Gnome3... I could be wrong on that though.. mmmm :-I Anyway, seemed to work, but after a couple of reboots, the same thing happened. Going to try a fresh install.... again :-(


USB drives are auto-mounted when Nautilus is set to do so. In case all USB drives fail to mount we may check if this is the case (and to enable or disable auto-mounting) by opening gconf-editor from a terminal and browse to apps/nautilus/preferences:

Default settings shown here

From there the key media_automount needs to be ticked in order to allow mounting an USB drive when plugged in.

Rarely after a failed partitioning with Gparted we may encounter a problem with a persistent policy key that was set up (but not removed) to prevent mounting of drives while partitioning. Restarting Gparted should solve this issue.

Mounting USB drives independent of Nautilus can also be done with usbmount


gpg verification graphical user interface?

You can install seahorse-nautilus, then log out and back in, to get some extra GPG related features in the Nautilus file manager. You should be able to verify the signature by right-clicking on the .sig file at that point.


The "EAPOL: Supplicant port status: Unauthorized" propably means that your Wifi Router disallow you to send any packages towards the Wifi Router. I saw something similar in a EAP/TTLS Wifi setup. There the Router dropped all the packages away because of different key knowledge on both sides (Pairwise Masterkey). It would be helpfull if you could take some traces with Wireshark to check the EAPOL protocol messages.  Probably a key exchange between Wifi Router and your wifi dongle fails.


As you already state in your question: It is an icon.

There is no setting, that would make an icon change automatically every day. Icons are generally fixed.


Disable password prompt upon startup in Ubuntu Server

Is not a secure procedure and you are not going to obtain anything with it (the processes are started before login), but well, these are the steps:

  To enable automatic login in Ubuntu server we need to edit the tty1
  configuration file. To open this file up in nano use the following
  command:

sudo nano /etc/init/tty1.conf

  The very last line in this file should start with an exec command.
  Delete this line and replace it with the following:

exec /bin/login -f USERNAME < /dev/tty1 > /dev/tty1 2>&1

  Note that you need to change USERNAME to the username of the user that
  you want to be automatically logged in. Once you reboot your system
  you should be automatically logged in.

Source: http://nixgeeks.com/how-to-enable-automatic-login-in-ubuntu-server/


How to install the nginx manpage when I installed nginx from source?

If there a man directory where you installed it (e.g. /usr/local/nginx/man), you can add that path to /etc/manpath.config.


Can anyone recommend Apache2 indicator for gnome panel

Perhaps you're referring to apache-switch?

It's quite easy though to do it by hand:

sudo service apache2 (start|stop|restart)


I found the actual problem AND the solution. I realized the problem only concerned Firefox (v54). I had just started playing around with system themes after nine years of using Linux. There are some bits of info that are not clearly stated online, e.g., the GTK version that needs to be installed (in this case FF required a GTK 3.4 or higher). I know now many of the themes have both GTK2 and GTK3 but if you try using the older ones they don't, they're GTK2 and most how-to-do-it articles don't explain that.

So, with that in mind (and thanks to James) I switched to a GTK 3 theme and it works with FF and all is now well.


I want to re-install ubuntu, how to tell which partition to replace?

If you don't want to change the size of the partition, then the Ubuntu installer will ask you if you want to reinstall Ubuntu.


This solution by Bolodya @ bugs.launchapd.net worked for me:

  I had the same problem - cant access to grub menu by esc or shift keys
  during boot if I tried to hide it (I have windows and ubuntu on one
  disk).

  The reason is one strange condition in /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober
  script. it bloks hidden menu part of grub.cfg if os-probber found any
  other os.

  So for me works the following:

  In the file /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober

  comment line 33: if [ "x${found_other_os}" = "x" ] ; then
  and comment closing it "fi" at line 67

  Sudo update-grub

  After that if you have GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT >=1 then you can access to
  grub menu by esc key during this timeout, if you have
  GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT =0 then you can access to grub menu if you press
  "shift" during grub startup, and no hidden menu if GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT
  =-1.

For me the lines were 32 and 66 respectively


zsh up-line-or-history does not work in gnome-terminal and tmux

I had the very same problem, solved with:

export TERM=rxvt-unicode

then checking:

echo $TERM

ZSH history works and rxvt-unicode supports colors, while rxvt does not.


How to set Alternative Characters Key in Ubuntu 18.04

You need to install gnome-tweaks and go to the menuitem 'keyboard & mouse'. From there, the button 'extended options' lets you reassign the key. In your case, you don't have an AltGr, it is a right Alt. Please set your preferences accordingly. You want to have the 3rd level assigned to your right Alt and maybe the 4th level to Shift right Alt if I get your intentions right.

The keyboard layout picture was really helpful to clear up the confusion.


You could use the ppa for the almost-always latest version

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cwchien/gradle
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt upgrade gradle

or SDKMAN for the latest version

curl -s "https://get.sdkman.io" | bash
source "$HOME/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh"
sdk install gradle

Advantages of the ppa

auto-updates with the system
no piping of downloaded scripts to the shell

Advantages of sdkman: latest version supplied by gradle themselves.


open your terminal with CTRL+ALT+T and paste these commands

sudo pear channel-discover pear.pearplex.net
sudo pear install pearplex/PHPExcel


USB stuck in read-only cannot do anything

try mounting with read write options

sudo mount -t ntfs -o rw /dev/sdb1 /mnt

then try accessing it if doesn't work which is more likely cause i think you may have tried these obvious stuff then that unalloccated is weird just make a backup of all data , delete the partition from gparted ,delete the partition table just to be safe recreate a partition table and create an new healthy partition
if none of these works then just bring out the legendary pokemon,the last resort which is a little slow but always works "ONLY DO IT AS LAST RESORT"

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb

this will fill the whole thing with zeros any corruption will be overwritten
. Good Luck


This is a bug in the development version of Cython (0.24a). If you install a stable version of Cython (0.23):

python3.3 -m pip install cython

you should be okay.

Since you already have the repository checked out, you can check out the git branch, as well, and proceed with installation:

git checkout 0.23.4
python3 setup.py install


juju deploy fails with "lookup store.juju.ubuntu.com: no such host"

apt-get on the maas nodes is configured to use a proxy that is installed on the maas host itself. In this case, it's the maas host that performs dns resolution, and not the node. This seems to indicate that your maas server can resolve names without issues, but not your nodes.

Try this on the bootstrap node ("juju ssh 0" to get to it):

dig store.juju.ubuntu.com

Take note of its /etc/resolv.conf, see if it's correct.

Also check /var/log/syslog on the maas server and look for entries belonging to the DNS server (bind), it might be refusing your queries for some reason.


I can suggest a (better?) alternative. Use Inkscape.

Open/Import the image in Inkscape and lock the layer. Then create a new layer on top of that and do the tracing on the new layer. You can toggle visibility of the bottom layer to have an idea of the current status of your tracing work.

Learn more from Inkscape wiki.


fresh install of 12.04 - migrating permissions?

The raid is irrelevant.  When you reinstall, you just need to make sure you recreate the users/groups with the same IDs, or chown all of the files to their new IDs.  The simplest thing to do is backup your /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, /etc/group, and /etc/gshadow files to preserve all of the existing accounts as-is.