Where default values of fmask and dmask are defined for disk auto-mounter?

I have just solved the same problem on my Debian 10.5 with Mate DE (but I don't know if this is relevant).
While in /etc/fstab was listed the usb device without uid and gid option, udisks2 mount the usb key in /media/usb0 as root. User can read and umount disk but not write on it.
This was my fstab:
/dev/sdb1       /media/usb0     auto    rw,user,noauto  0       0

Commenting out this row done the job.
Now my USB disk is mounted in /media/$USER/samething with the correct permissions.
I hope this help you and all the other posted similar questions (I found a lot of unresolved questions about this.


Removal of unused dependencies using "autoremove"

Looking in the file cmdline/apt-get.cc from the source tarball at http://packages.ubuntu.com/source/maverick/apt, I can see that --auto-remove is an argument which enables the APT::Get::AutomaticRemove setting.

The commands autoremove and remove both calls the function DoInstall.

The command "autoremove" sets APT::Get::AutomaticRemove too and it does therefore the same thing as --auto-remove.

Looking in the DoAutomaticRemove function, it's clearly visible that enabling the APT::Get::AutomaticRemove setting (--auto-remove and autoremove does this) causes Apt looping through all installed packages and marks unused packages for deletion.

From main():

CommandLine::Args Args[] = {
   // ... stripped to save space
   {0,"auto-remove","APT::Get::AutomaticRemove",0},
   // ...
}
CommandLine::Dispatch Cmds[] = { // ...
                                {"remove",&DoInstall},
                                {"purge",&DoInstall},
                                {"autoremove",&DoInstall},
                                // ...
}
// ...
// Parse the command line and initialize the package library
CommandLine CmdL(Args,_config);

From DoInstall():

 unsigned short fallback = MOD_INSTALL;
   if (strcasecmp(CmdL.FileList[0],"remove") == 0)
      fallback = MOD_REMOVE;
   else if (strcasecmp(CmdL.FileList[0], "purge") == 0)
   {
      _config->Set("APT::Get::Purge", true);
      fallback = MOD_REMOVE;
   }
   else if (strcasecmp(CmdL.FileList[0], "autoremove") == 0)
   {
      _config->Set("APT::Get::AutomaticRemove", "true");
      fallback = MOD_REMOVE;
   }

From function DoAutomaticRemove:

   bool doAutoRemove = _config->FindB("APT::Get::AutomaticRemove", false);
   // ...
   // look over the cache to see what can be removed
   for (pkgCache::PkgIterator Pkg = Cache->PkgBegin(); ! Pkg.end(); ++Pkg) {
       if (doAutoRemove) {
       if(Pkg.CurrentVer() != 0 &&
          Pkg->CurrentState != pkgCache::State::ConfigFiles)
          Cache->MarkDelete(Pkg, purgePkgs);
       else
          Cache->MarkKeep(Pkg, false, false);
   }
   }

I cannot speak whether it's intended or not, you could fill a bug / ask a question at launchpad.net.

At the moment, it is not possible to exclude packages from deletion by apt-get autoremove. If you want to keep packages, run apt-get -s autoremove, copy the packages from the list and remove the packages from that list you want to keep. Finally, remove those packages: sudo apt-get purge [packages-to-be-removed] (purge removes the configuration files too, if any)


Ubuntu 16.04 doesn't recognize my SD Card

You can check if ubuntu detects your sd card.
Open your terminal and type this with your sd disconnected:

ls /dev/ | grep sd

Then, plug in your sd card and try to run the same command and you should see the difference on the output.

If that doesn't help somehow, you can try installing Gparted. It's a tool for partitions and other related things connected to your pc.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install gparted


Interface configuration - Internet not working

You have not specified a nameserver for the static configuration.

Append a stanza

 dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1

or whatever DNS you like to use. Specify multiple DNS server as a space-separated list.

Bring the interface down and up to trigger resolvconf

 sudo ifdown eth0 && sudo ifup eth0


dead_greek does not use the compose key

/usr/share/X11/locale/en_US.UTF-8/Compose does not just dictate compose key combinations. When it does, they start with <Multi_key>, for example,

<Multi_key> <period> <period>       : "…"   ellipsis # HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS

The entry for α is:

<dead_greek> <a>            : "α"   U03B1    # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA

Therefore, you should NOT press Composedead_greeka. You should instead press dead_greeka.

As far as I can tell, your keymap is actually correct.

It's also worth noting that it didn't work in every application I tried (I was unable to use dead_greek in Sublime Text, but it worked in Google Chrome).


When using monitor in TwinView, the OS doesn't recognize its native resolution, why?

Replacing the DVI converter solved the problem.


What is the correct way to fix an assertion in loadlocale.c?

As easy as:

export LC_ALL=C

and then run your command. LC_ALL works as a fallback if something is not set (like LC_TIME in your case)


Ubuntu Server, multiple simultaneous remote users

You need to need to increase the default allowed connection using the

/etc/ssh/sshd_config

File, add the lines

MaxSessions 50
MaxStartups 50:30:100

to that file.  Then restart you system.

Form man sshd_config(5):

MaxSessions
         Specifies the maximum number of open shell, login or subsystem
         (e.g. sftp) sessions permitted per network connection.  Multiple
         sessions may be established by clients that support connection
         multiplexing.  Setting MaxSessions to 1 will effectively disable
         session multiplexing, whereas setting it to 0 will prevent all
         shell, login and subsystem sessions while still permitting for-
         warding.  The default is 10.

 MaxStartups
         Specifies the maximum number of concurrent unauthenticated con-
         nections to the SSH daemon.  Additional connections will be
         dropped until authentication succeeds or the LoginGraceTime
         expires for a connection.  The default is 10:30:100.

         Alternatively, random early drop can be enabled by specifying the
         three colon separated values ``start:rate:full'' (e.g.
         "10:30:60").  sshd(8) will refuse connection attempts with a
         probability of ``rate/100'' (30%) if there are currently
         ``start'' (10) unauthenticated connections.  The probability
         increases linearly and all connection attempts are refused if the
         number of unauthenticated connections reaches ``full'' (60).


How can I get this .sh file to run properly?

The problem is that the bat command uses the Windows Path Separator (;) to specify the classpath. In UNIX systems this is (:), thus we can change the script to:

#!/bin/sh
java -Xmx815m -cp bin:lib/*: com.rs.Launcher true true false


Can't use any programs in full-screen mode on Ubuntu 19.10

I'm using the same distribution (19.10) with 4k display scaled by factor 2 and i didn't face such issue for all applications, but any browser which is based on Chromium (Chrome, Opera, Chromium itself etc.) behaves exactly as you describe, even on Youtube with full-screen mode.

As a workaround i'm running google-chrome --force-device-scale-factor=1 with default page zoom at 200% for all websites (Chrome -> Settings -> Page Zoom).

P.S.
Advise you to check Gnome Extensions if you have, since i faced somehow similar weird bugs with applications scale in case of hidden Gnome top bar or left sidebar.


Adding columns from multiple files with numbered names

With awk:

awk '{a[FNR]=$1;b[FNR]+=$2;c[FNR]+=$3;d[FNR]+=$4} END{for (i=1;i<=FNR;i++) print a[i], b[i], b[i], d[i]}' DOS1 DOS2 > DOS_sum

More readably:

{
    a[FNR]=$1     # Keep the first column
    b[FNR]+=$2    # Sum the rest. FNR is the current line number
    c[FNR]+=$3    # in the current file. So this accumulates
    d[FNR]+=$4    # the values of a given line number across files.
}
END {
    for (i=1; i<=FNR; i++)
        print a[i], b[i], c[i], d[i]
}

Use bash's brace expansion to sum a sequence of files:

awk '{a[FNR]=$1;b[FNR]+=$2;c[FNR]+=$3;d[FNR]+=$4} END{for (i=1;i<=FNR;i++) print a[i], b[i], b[i], d[i]}' DOS{10..73}


remapping additional mouse buttons to multimedia keys

Some mouse buttons may trigger keyboard codes. Check if that you can configure them in the Keyboard->Shortcut menu.


Old Raid1 working on new Ubuntu Server install?

There is usually nothing to configure when migrating an existing mdadm based RAID array to a new machine, mdadm should just detect and activate your RAID array.

In this case, your RAID have been detected as /dev/md0 and you have been able to mount it under /media/raiddrives.

I can only recommend to have a look at the output of sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0, and verify that the State is clean as in the following example :

sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
        Version : 1.2
  Creation Time : Sat Aug  6 14:29:19 2016
     Raid Level : raid10
     Array Size : 104841216 (99.98 GiB 107.36 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 104841216 (99.98 GiB 107.36 GB)
   Raid Devices : 2
  Total Devices : 2
    Persistence : Superblock is persistent

    Update Time : Tue Aug 14 13:49:15 2018
          State : clean
 Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
 Failed Devices : 0
  Spare Devices : 0

         Layout : near=2
     Chunk Size : 512K

           Name : EDITED_HOSTNAME:0  (local to host EDITED_HOSTNAME)
           UUID : 772e6cc4:5af56198:1f0a2ec5:141b3e7e
         Events : 4832

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       3       8        2        0      active sync set-A   /dev/sda2
       2       8       18        1      active sync set-B   /dev/sdb2


Ubuntu 18.04 installation not allowing choice of dual boot for Windows 7

Fix was going ahead with Installation type and choosing Something Else, loading Ubuntu on last partition of drive.  Able to boot Ubuntu and Windows 7.  Ubuntu can also access file system on the "windows" partition.  I also want to thank all those who gave me guidance on this issue. It has been a LONG time since I had to mess with volumes,partitions, Boot loader etc.  Again thanks for all the help.


weird behaviour after installing nvidia 361 driver

updating to nvidia driver 367.44 resolves this problem.


Conky: Use command output for formatting

execp   command  differs from $exec in that it parses the output of the command, so you can insert things like ${color red}hi!${color} in your script and have it correctly parsed by Conky. Caveats: Conky parses and evaluates the output of $execp every time Conky loops, and then destroys all the objects. If you try to use anything like $execi within an $execp statement, it will functionally run at the same interval that the $execp statement runs, as it is created and destroyed at every interval.

you can have /etc/conky/network.sh output: ${image /etc/conky/Line.png -p 120,560 -s 1x180}
or output the other 2 if you can determine the circumstances in the script.

this${execp bash /etc/conky/network.sh}

will replace ${image /etc/conky/Line.png -p 120, ${exec bash /etc/conky/network.sh} -s 1x180}

in your script


You'll need to install Apache and have some form of a PHP interpreter setup to use CodeIgniter.

The simplest way is to install Apache with mod_php and ensure that mod_php is loaded within Apache. Another way is to setup Apache with FastCGI and use php-fpm.

You should be able to get setup with # apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5 apache2


Listing the files on a device from the command line

With command line there is a small bit that you have to keep in mind - it has to be mounted ( in other words connected programmaticaly to the system; it may be physically connected like a USB drive to USB port, but that doesn't mean it is mounted ).

Checking if device is mounted is easy enough - lsblk, df commands or mount without any - flags/options.

Now, by default, Ubuntu's GUI such as Unity or Gnome automatically mount the devices you connect. With pure command line or  a GUI that doesn't do this automatically (like openbox or blackbox ), you have to issue mount command or udiscksctl mount --block /dev/sd* where * is the letter for that device. I'd prefer the last one, since it automatically mounts to /media folder. With mount you have to specify the folder. Also with mount you have to know filesystem type, like NTFS (windows), ext4 (linux), FAT (many USB drives).

As for actual listing of the files, there is plenty of ways

find /directory/where/device/mounted -type f is a recursive way to list all files in all folders on that device.
ls /mount/folder
stat /mount/folder
dir which is same as ls


Ubuntu's equivalent to Windows' pagefile is called a swap file and serves the same purpose. A swap partition is the same as a swap file, except that it is a partition, not a file.

You can have as many swap files/partitions as you want in Ubuntu, and they can have arbitrary names and sizes. I think the default installation creates a swap partition until 17.04, and a swap file since 17.10, both the same size as your RAM.


how do i install beautifulsoup to python 2.7 in ubuntu?

In all currently supported versions of Ubuntu open the terminal and run:

sudo apt-get install python-bs4

Beautiful Soup (python-bs4) is an error-tolerant HTML parser for Python 2.x. There are two different packages: python-bs4 (for Python 2.x) and python3-bs4 (for Python 3.x), and to prevent you from getting confused there are also two different Integrated Development Environments for Python: IDLE and IDLE 3 to run them in.


Can't fix the resolution on virtualbox using guest additions

On the host OS go to the menu and select to install it from there. It will load a cd inside the virtualized OS and inside the cd there will be a zip package. Copy it to the desktop and extract it.

Then open the terminal and move to the desktop and execute with ./ command the .sh file in the extracted folder from the zip. Follow the instructions to install it (very easy) and you will have it working perfectly!


I added the following to /etc/rc.local

echo 1 | tee /sys/module/snd_hda_intel/parameters/power_save

echo Y | tee /sys/module/snd_hda_intel/parameters/power_save_controller

pkill pulseaudio

pulseaudio --start

exit 0

And it seems to have done the trick...


I installed red5 and can not confirm your problem. 2 packages got installed: libred5-java and red5server.

After install all I did was http://localhost:5080 and it gets me the following page:

The name of the image is biglogo5.png
All the links work and I get more on the page then you on your screenshot.

Reinstall and it should all Just Work tm.


20.04 too long to boot up and too long to open apps, other OS worked fine

thanks for your replies. The other OS is Linux Lite, No, I'm afraid I can't edit the systemd-analyze. However, I did add the following into the .profile in the Home setting, QT_QPA_PLATFORMTHEME=gtk2. After restarting Ubuntu, I opened Kdenlive and it took 35 seconds for it to open. Then I closed Kdenlive and re-opened it again, this time it took 4.3 seconds for Kdenlive to open. However, when I shut down and re-launched Ubuntu, at first attempt Kdenlive took 35 seconds to open, then I closed it, and it re-opened in 4 seconds.  So I opened the app quicker, but there may be another solution.


Bluetooth keyboard connects but doesn't work

Updating to 13.04, or using the script on this bug report page both resolved the issue.


Flash suddenly insanely jerky (but low CPU consumption)

The issue is probably the TV, as now the graphics card has to duplicate it's effort to display to both screens, instead of only one. I'd recommend first unplugging your TV and see if it's faster. If it isn't, then it's another issue, so try updating your driver, like so:

sudo apt-get update  # Update apt sources
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade  # Run system updates
sudo apt-get purge nvidia-*  # Remove legacy NVidia drivers
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current  # Install newer NVidia drivers
sudo nvidia-xconfig  # Write NVidia configuration to X11
sudo reboot  # Reboot your computer

EDIT: If the technique above doesn't work, try installing Google Chrome and see if the newer flash version (11.5) works better. If it does, and if you don't want to always use Google Chrome, there is a nice tutorial here that enables you to install the PPAPI version of flash (11.5) in Chromium. Firefox cannot handle PPAPI though, so it only works in Chromium.


After a (rainy) Sunday afternoon of hacking I managed to find my own solution to the problem. Here is the method and the problem I pinned:

I discovered that if you click on the arrow next to the status information on top of the progress bar in the lower part of the installation screen you get a small terminal with a verbose description of the current installer operation
I partitioned the disk space reserved to Ubuntu in two Ext4 partitions: 50Gb for / and 40 GB for /home
Started the installation from the live USB with the network interface (WLAN) enabled without updates and third party packages installation
The installer downloaded a few packages (language packs I noticed) from the servers
copied correctly the files, started installing the system on disk, moved to configuring hardware
then moved back to "installing system" and started to erase loads of packges from the disk! Seems like it tries to wipe out everything it copied earlier! It start prompting errors while trying to erase the dpkg package (for obvious reasons)
First fatal error says: RSYSLOG-2177: IMUXSOCK begins to drop messages from PID 17950 due to rate limiting
followed by: UBIQUITY: select at least one PAM profile from the list
game over

To solve the problem I installed back 10.04 LTS, manually installed the atheros network card driver, connected the new laptop to the old laptop, shared its internet connection and fired a distribution upgrade with "update-manager -d". It took almost 1h30min but now my Ubuntu 12.04 LTS works like a charm! All peripherals are recognized and behave as they should (so far).

I hope this will help others.


Touch screen not working on hp pavilion x360

Seems you have to install kernel linux-image-generic-lts-utopic

According to the bug report your issue is fixed in it.

But it is not available under your system - you have to install it manually or compile from source.

http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=linux-image-generic-lts-utopic

Other solution is here:
Touchscreen works on Ubuntu 15.10 but not on 14.04 (HP)


problems with graphic performance in Ubuntu 12.04

I think the NVIDIA drivers are being updated at the moment - there are all sorts of problems with them and 12.04 (esp for those of us on older graphics cards)... http://slackblogs.blogspot.co.uk/2012/04/do-not-use-nvidia-driver-29540.html


How to use multiple Python versions on the same System?

You can easily install Python 2.6 from the archives:

sudo apt-get install python2.6

Note 1: The default Python version (/usr/bin/python) will remain Python 2.7. To use version 2.6 you will need to use /usr/bin/python2.6 explicitly.

Note 2: Generally speaking, it is safe to install more than a version of the same software as long as you use packages provided by your distribution. If you want to install a version of a software not provided by the distribution, be sure to install it to /usr/local, or better use some isolation mechanisms (e.g. virtual environments/machines).


Starting/stopping upstart service when Digitalocean droplet is created (14.04)

Is there some kind of resume script that is executed when the droplet is restored? If so, add the command initctl emit --no-wait droplet-resumed to the script, and then you will have the event droplet-resumed to signal when the thing is restored.


Create Unallocated Space To Boot Win7 Using GParted

To get an unallocated space, you need to resize your existing partition as you intended to do.

To do it,

hover your cursor over right border marked by a black triange
click, hold and move its border to the left when two directed arrow appears

But you need to boot from Ubuntu installation CD (Try Ubuntu without installing) and do it with unmounted partition.

Also, do not forget to make a backup of your important data.

Note: most probably windows will rewrite your MBR, so prepare to reinstall grub using chrooting.


sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/html on newly created directories in vsFTPd?

You can set

umask 002

And all new files will be created with 775 permission

If you like that the new files groupid will be equal to folder group I'd. You can for example change the folder group to be 1000 as the new files


Unity disappear when I activate Nvidia driver for 8500 GT

Hey I had the same problem after I switched to the official Nvidia proprietary drivers but when I installed the latest generic linux headers everything went back to normal. Try this and restart

  sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic

Hope this helped.


How to install Python package pyzmq properly?

apt-cache search python zmq

returns

python-zmq - Python bindings for 0MQ library
python-zmq-dbg - Python bindings for 0MQ library - debugging files

Is this what you are looking for? Then

apt-get install python-zmq

should work.

For future searches:

Python modules in Debian and Ubuntu are often named differently:

python-<module name> where <module name> often does not contain "py" or "python".


Why isn't my monitor's native resolution appearing as an option?

Installing the proprietary driver might help!

You can also put new screen modes in the configuration file called /etc/X11/xorg.conf but there is no default since everything is probed every time X starts. So to get a good default you can have Xorg write the probed config to file. This is done by shutting down X and the restarting, telling X on the commandline that it only has to write a config file.

So firstly print or write down these instructions ;)

Then press Ctrl + Alt + F1 to go to a console. There you will have to login. Just login as your normal privileged user.
To stop X use this command:

sudo service gdm stop

and then to have X generate a new configfile

sudo Xorg -configure

The Xorg command will tell you where it have saved the config and you can now choose to return to X if you are more comfortable with a GUI.
Restart X by using this command

sudo service gdm start

Now edit you new xorg.conf and save it as /etc/X11/xorg.conf find the section that looks like the one below and add the videomodes you want (the Modes line properly isn't there, but just add it after Depth like I have done below.

Section "Screen"
    Identifier    "Default Screen"
    Device        "NVIDIA Corporation NV34 [GeForce FX 5200]"
    Monitor        "CM752ET"
    DefaultDepth    16
    SubSection "Display"
        Depth        24
        Modes      "1024x768" "800x600"
    EndSubSection
EndSection


Install ubuntu-restricted-extras

Open terminal and type in these two commands one by one:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras

It is a meta-package that installs:
Support for MP3 and unencrypted DVD playback
Microsoft TrueType core fonts
Flash plugin
codecs for common audio and video files


update-grub on persistent usb chooses wrong grub.cfg

Update GRUB on Full Install USB made using mkusb
The method you point to has one instance of GRUB for BIOS and another for UEFI.
Running sudo update-grub will update GRUB on / only.
To fully update GRUB, after doing sudo update-grub, copy /boot/grub/grub.cfg from sdx5 to /boot/grub/grub.cfg on sdx3.
I will update that answer.
That answer was something I wrote on my way to making How to Create a Full Install of Ubuntu 20.04 to USB Device Step by Step


Unable to run fsk (to solve boot problem)

To check the file system on your Ubuntu partition....

boot to the GRUB menu
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
or at the initramfs prompt...
at the # or initramfs prompt, type sudo fsck -f /
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

If for some reason you can't do the above...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
open a terminal window
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sda5 # fsck sda5
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot


Video capture with eMPIA 2861 chip not working

I have the same issue too.
I found something that allows me to test the device further, i can get the picture from a terminal command line.  Next step: having the picture filling the whole rectangle instead of being stretched vertically.

I installed melt (a console movie grabber)
sudo apt-get install melt

I told the video4linux driver to use the device video0, interface 1
By default it will try to use interface 0 (svideo) so i tell it here:
v4l2-ctl -d /dev/video0 -i 1

And then test the result
melt video4linux2:/dev/video0

You should get a video stream.
It's a workaround, I've been able to grab the sound only via the onboard sound card line-in in vlc. tvtune doesn't grab the sound, only the video stream. The real issue is that the modprobe em28xx uses the wrong card number.
OK Next. I have found an old comment about that issue, his approach is different, trying to set the modprobe to 64 instead of default.  The results are swapping of interface 0 and 1.  I have to test more on this one.
It doesn't work for my card.  Using card number 1 instead of 0 works half way, there is a buffering issue (clipping) on the sound part.


Ubuntu 18.04.2 immediately wakes up from suspend

I had the very same problem after upgrading from ubuntu 16.04 to ubuntu 18.04.

I solved by disabling the wakeup option for the device that in my case was enabled.

$ cat /sys/bus/usb/devices/*/power/wakeup
disabled
enabled
disabled
disabled

$ ll /sys/bus/usb/devices/*/power/wakeup
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4,0K mag 19 11:04 /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-7/power/wakeup
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4,0K mag 19 11:02 /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-9/power/wakeup <-- the bad guy
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4,0K mag 19 10:46 /sys/bus/usb/devices/usb1/power/wakeup
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4,0K mag 19 10:46 /sys/bus/usb/devices/usb2/power/wakeup

But what really helped me to identify the device were its ids.

cat /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-9/idVendor
8087
cat /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-9/idProduct
0a2b

After googling a bit, turns out it's the bluethooth controller..
https://usb-ids.gowdy.us/read/UD/8087/0a2b

Finally disable it

echo "disabled" >  /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-9/power/wakeup

Now my laptop really suspends. Hope this helps you too.


Why does my caps lock to escape mapping disappear when I use a USB switch?

Not really an answer per se, but like Jeff pointed out, this was indeed part of the bug that was fixed in the latest 20.04 update. After the update the caps lock mapping persisted after switching the USB ports.


My PC does not recognize Ubuntu, not even windows

Plug Ubuntu flash drive and start pc  (i assumed that you used a flash drive to install Ubuntu)

Enter the boot options and select the usb drive right after pc has started.

Select "try ubuntu" when the ubuntu installation comes.

Follow the boot repair instructions
[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair][1]


How to install color themes onto Emacs 24.3?

Maybe you are not setting up your default-directory properly.

(let ((default-directory "~/.emacs.d/lisp/"))
  (normal-top-level-add-subdirs-to-load-path))

In this example, everything in ~/.emacs.d/lisp/ and its subdirectories will be loaded at startup.


Remove mailman from Ubuntu 14.04 LTS server

I was able to fix this on my virtualmin servers by running:

$ sudo /etc/init.d/mailman start
$ sudo apt-get upgrade


You can using scaling; though not all apps pay attention to the scaling options of the OS.

settings > display > scale for menu and title bars.

you could also change the LCD resolution to a non-native resolution.

settings > display > resolution drop down.


I only do ubuntu 14.04. But I have found no audio out problems are about the permissions given to /dev/snd and the files there. On my systems the files have permissions for user root and group audio.

Note no world permissions so a user must belong to group audio to have permission.

ls -l /dev/snd to see permissions.

.....@xen2[2145]ls -l /dev/snd
total 0
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root       80 Mar 22 17:42 by-path
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  2 Mar 22 17:42 controlC0
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  7 Mar 22 17:42 controlC1
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  6 Mar 22 17:42 hwC0D0
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 10 Mar 22 17:42 hwC1D0
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  4 Mar 22 17:44 pcmC0D0c
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  3 Mar 22 18:56 pcmC0D0p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  5 Mar 22 17:42 pcmC0D2c
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  8 Mar 22 17:44 pcmC1D3p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  9 Mar 22 17:44 pcmC1D7p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  1 Mar 22 17:42 seq
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 33 Mar 22 17:42 timer

If your /dev/snd files have the same permissions
grep audio /etc/group and see if you are in that group.

I added my username to group audio with
sudo usermod -a -G audio "myusername"
do not quote " your user name.

I use fvwm as a window manager and start gnome stuff in an xterm. Or Gnome-Terminial.

my quick test of sound
gnome-control-center sound see if the sound effect output.
No then do it with sudo gnome-control-center sound and see if sound effects work.
if it works for sudo or root and not for you then it is permissions.

I just installed 14.04 on my laptop using amd64 desktop iso on a usb.
but default it install unity.   Sound did work out of the box.
But there are not the gnome-control-center sound utility.
so I
sudo apt-get gnome   It installed lots of gnome utils .... also
it asked me to choose a window manager ligntdm or gdm.   I came with lightdm highlighted and I left it.    I will be installing xdm and then I will use it.
I suspect xdm is more generic than gdm or lightdm.
Then I ran
sudo gnome-control-center sound and under Sound Effects there was only the Default and it audio clicked as I tapped it with the mouse.


Resize pdf files but with different for width and height

Inkscape, available in the repositories, can edit PDF files. Probably depends somewhat on the contents of your PDF as to whether or not you will be happy with the output, but that would be my first option.


Ubuntu 12.04 - no internet after wakeup, wifi/lan connected, but reaching only local network

I should feel bad..

After digging into another similar threads I found an advise to try traceroute. This is where I found my problem. After a fresh reboot i did traceroute google.com and I clearly recognized the first IP after my GW as that of my home's ISP (i am abroad now) and I quickly found out, that I am "auto"connected to my VPN, which I have set up a week ago. whatsmyip.org proved it.

As for the fact, that OpenVPN autoconnects every entry found in /etc/openvpn/xyz.conf I was very supprised, because I have configured it via network-manager and the checkbox "Autoconnect" there is UN-CHECKED!
But /etc/default/openvpn says different.

# Start only these VPNs automatically via init script.
# Allowed values are "all", "none" or space separated list of
# names of the VPNs. If empty, "all" is assumed.
# The VPN name refers to the VPN configutation file name.
# i.e. "home" would be /etc/openvpn/home.conf
#
#AUTOSTART="all"
#AUTOSTART="none"
#AUTOSTART="home office"

..argh.. There is definitely a possible point of confusion for other Ubuntu users in this config file vs. network-manager setting.

OK. SOLUTION.

uncomment

AUTOSTART="none"

and reboot

I assume that when a system is connected to vpn and put to sleep/hibernate it won't disconnect correctly and reconnect after resume. Instead the connection turns into an dead end. That is what caused "no internet" probably.
Now SUSPEND and RESUME > internet works!


OpenStack cinder (Block Storage) provides the software to create and centrally manage a service that provisions storage in the form of block devices known as Cinder volumes on virtual machines active on cloud. if you are working on any one of the VM and if you store any file on that VM, that file will be stored as cinder volume. I think that's what you mean by upload.


Make sure compiz is activated, then launch ccsm and go to Window Decoration (make sure it is activated too) and on Shadow windows type any (if you only want shadows on panel but not on windows, type type=Dock). If it is still not working, reset all the value in Window Decoration, just make sure Shadow windows = any. If it is still not working, go to Window Rules and make sure it is unactivated.

And if it still not working, make sure compiz is really activated and in ccsm go to Preferences and click on Reset to defaults, that will reset all the parameters of Compiz so if you have a lot of customs parameters you will lost all of them and will have to make them again but it will almost certainly solve the problem.


Nautilus not opening up, showing GLib error

This answer by cortopy in ask.fedoraproject.org, worked for me.

  I've been experiencing a similar problem today, only I couldn't open
  nautilus at all. So I'm wondering if this is due to some recent update
  clash.

  This isn't a likely solution, but at least it allows me to carry on as
  normal.

  First thing to try is sudo nautilus in a terminal. If it works, then
  it may mean that there is something wrong with active nautilus
  processess for your current user.

  To be able to restart nautilus properly, do the following:

  See what nautilus processes are running :
    ps aux | grep nautilus
  Kill all nautilus processes you see :
    sudo kill PIDNUMBER
  Restart nautilus :
    nautilus -q


Can't see the floating menu of virtualbox virtual machine!

This is still a problem/bug and is references in the VirtualBox bug tracker here:
https://www.virtualbox.org/ticket/9775

There is a work-around!

While in fullscreen mode in VirtualBox, log out of Ubuntu. When the login screen appears, you should be able to either see the mini-tool bar or you can press the HOST+Home keys to make it visible and it should show up.

I'm running Mint 17 x64 as my guest on my Win7 x64 host. I have the exact same issue with the fullscreen mini-tool bar, but logging out of Mint makes the toolbar appear. Strangely, when I move the fullscreen to my second monitor and log back in, the mini-tool now becomes visible whilst in the desktop environment.

Also:
Ubuntu uses Unity and for me Mint uses Cinnamon, both of which are 3D accelerated Desktop Environments. Maybe MATE is not, which is why it works. If you turn of 3D Acceleration in the VBox settings for your guest, the mini-tool bar should work, but then you'll be in software rendering mode in Ubuntu Unity or Cinnamon.


There isn't any kind of Advertising SDK for Ubuntu. What you can try doing is creating a WebView widget using whatever interface toolkit you're using to build your app and embed a Google AdSense widget in it.


The point about Secure boot isn't supported is an information point - it's not necessary for your UEFI to support Secure Boot or have it enabled on x86 systems. Wubi should run fine.

As for Secure Boot: Secure Boot is a UEFI feature which signs the bootloader and prevents unsigned firmware or software / drivers from running.


Why is the new Ubuntu Monospace font only available for 11.04?

Probably because the font in question is in beta, and it will get sufficient testing on the current version of Ubuntu.  This does not necessarily mean that the font will never be seen on Lucid.


Will core temperature related shutdowns always be logged?

I'm not sure what policy this site has on "original research" but...

I managed to get my fanless computer up to 84 degrees Celsius by putting it in a cookie tin with some rocks and a coffee warmer running the stress command and it shut down without leaving any logs.

Ubuntu said the critical temp was 110.


Ubuntu 18.04 Doesn't actually change the language for input

It is probably a bug from GNOME, I don't know, but restarting GNOME works. (You won't lose your open apps or the arrangement in virtual desktops.)

Press Alt+F2 and then write r and then press Enter.


My laptop only boots with the acpi=off parameter. How can I fix this?

Turning ACPI off on a mobile PC (laptop/notebook) is not a good idea - it disables all power management you really want on those devices.

The root cause is probably a 'broken' BIOS that presents a false, corrupt or confusing ACPI table to the kernel. It may have been noticed by others and a workaround could be available. Also, your laptop vendor may have fixed this.

Some options I see you have from here (in your now somewhat vague but general situation):

Note that the kernel in the image to install Ubuntu is older than what is now 'stable', as some updates have been made available after the release. First thing to try is to apply all system updates and temporarily remove the boot parameter. Boot into Grub holding Shift, select the right entry, press E, remove the acpi=off kernel parameter and boot with F10. Keep using this with all options below to try!
Try to boot with acpi_osi=Linux as kernel parameter.
Upgrade to a more recent kernel. See this answer on how to do that.
Try to see if your laptop vendor has a BIOS update available. Apply it if so.
Try to boot with just one graphics card. Disable the discrete/Nvidia one and try also with the integrated one disabled.
In case you have an Nvidia Optimus enabled machine (hybrid graphics, often found in laptops), try to install Bumblebee for proper support of this technique. You can find some instructions in this answer.
Try to see if you have OS/ACPI specific settings in your BIOS.
Google around using your device vendor/type combination together with the keyword 'Linux'. Another distribution may have fixed it, someone may have proposed it to the kernel developers, but it may not have been merged in the main kernel tree yet, etc.
Report it as a bug. How do I report a bug?

Once you've managed to fix the issue, remove the kernel parameter permanently by removing in from the file /etc/default/grub and running sudo update-grub. (And if your solution was to boot with another kernel boot paramater, just edit the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT setting accordingly in that file.)

If you have more specific information on that and need assistance, make it a new question, e.g. "How do I apply this workaround for my HP Probook... ?"


Temporary workaround might be to use Meta + w to get to all open apps.


I'm answering my own question because no one has had any suggestions but after long experimentation I have something that mostly works.  I have the following in ~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini

[Settings]
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme=0
gtk-primary-button-warps-slider = false

and the following in ~/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css

scrollbar slider {
    /* Size of the slider */
    min-width: 18px;
    min-height: 18px;
    border-radius: 15px;

    /* Padding around the slider */
    border: 1px solid #606307;
}

scrollbar trough {
    background-color: shade(@theme_bg_color, 0.5);
}

scrollbar button,
scrollbar button.vertical,
scrollbar button.horizontal,
scrollbar .button,
scrollbar .button.vertical,
scrollbar .button.horizontal {
    color: shade(@theme_bg_color, 0.10);
    background-color: shade(@theme_bg_color, 0.6);
}

scrollbar.vertical slider,
scrollbar.vertical .slider {
    background-image: radial-gradient(ellipse at center, DarkGray 0%, LightGrey 100%);
}

scrollbar.horizontal slider,
scrollbar.horizontal .slider {
    background-image: radial-gradient(ellipse at center, DarkGray 0%, LightGray 100%);
}

That gives me a wide scrollbar with a light gray slider on a dard gray background, in both firefox and emacs.  I wish I knew why this worked, but I haven't found any documentation that explains the various commands.  The one strange thing that this does is that, in emacs, the scrollbar is slim until the first time the mouse passes over it, at which point it gets wide and stays wide.  Also, the scrollbar in emacs sometimes appears to be a slimmer one partly overlaying a wider one, in a way that's still useable but very strange.


Files installed by the Makefile will overwrite existing files, if they're in the same place. Many Makefiles install in the /usr/local tree by default. Compare dpkg -L packagename with sudo make -n install.


How can I find out what drivers are built into my kernel?

The canonical method is to check your running kernel config, but this can be hard to parse because it will include both modules and other options and the names may not correspond:

grep "=y" /boot/config-`uname -r`
Practically, it's much easier to simply do a:

locate name-of-module | grep `uname -r`.*ko`

(make sure the database has been recently updated, with sudo updatedb if necessary)

If you see a .ko file entry like:

/lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic/kernel/drivers/hwmon/coretemp.ko

then this module is NOT built-in and can properly be added to /etc/modules

But if you get no results in /lib/modules, then the module IS built-in and there may be no need to explicitly load it.

A variation to find all non-built-in modules in /lib/modules is:

locate /lib/modules/`uname -r` | grep -Po "(?<=/)\w+(?=\.ko)"


The default method would be to use mysqldump.

mysqldump -u {user} -p {database} > {backup.sql}

and you will get a text based file that holds any SQL related to that that database: table definition, content. The link will list far more options (you can for instance only dump the structure of the database, include procedures, functions and many more)


How to maximize Java resources for gaming?

There's nothing in Linux which would force a program to use less than 100% CPU or not to allocate as much RAM as it needs, provided that no other process needs the same resources at the same time. nice value just determines how "nice" (got it?) the process plays with others and how much is it willing to share CPU time with other processes.

It's like if you're the only child in the playground you have all the toys to yourself, but if there are more then one, then nicer children give up more toys than those who are less nice...

Point is: it is likely the game is limited by your video card, not by CPU - that's why it's not using 100% of CPU, there's just no point. Playing with nice values is only going to make the game to run faster if you run some CPU-intensive calculations on the machine at the same time.


Call the skype Echo / Sound test service (callto://echo123)

Go to system menu in the the top-right corner:

Click System Settings and then Sound

Click the Applications tab

As you're still in a call with Skype, you'll see the Skype volume.

Adjust to your needs (including >100%)

Done!  :-)


Copy particular text from one file to other using GREP or SED

Using grep with PCRE (Perl-compatible regular expressions):

grep -Po '.* \K\d+(?= }$)'

.* \K will match upto the space before the digits and \K will discard the match
\d+ will match one or more digits
Zero width postive lookahead (?= }$) will ensure that the match is followed by } at the end.

$ var="$(grep -Po '.* \K\d+(?= }$)' <<<'OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { enterprises 795 }')"

$ echo "$var"
795

In case of any file (where there will be multiple matches) better save the matches as array elements so that you can iterate over them later:

var=( "$(grep -Po '.* \K\d+(?= }$)' file.txt)" )

Using sed :

$ sed -r 's/.* ([0-9]+) }/\1/' <<<'OBJECT IDENTIFIER   ::=   { enterprises 795 }'
795

-r will enable use to use extended Regex
.* will match upto the space before digits
([0-9]+) will match the digits and put the match in group
We have just use the group \1 i.e. the digits as teh replacement pattern.

In case of any file (where there will be multiple matches) better save the matches as array elements so that you can iterate over them later:

var=( "$(sed -nr 's/.* ([0-9]+) }/\1/p' file.txt)" )


Cannot connect to wired Ethernet network (problems with DHCP?)

First, undo the 3 changes you made to try and fix this problem.

Second, the r8169 driver is kind of flaky. Try using a different driver:

sudo apt-get update # update the software database

sudo apt-get install dkms r8168-dkms # install different driver

reboot # reboot the computer

Your ethernet card is a little different, and if for some reason this does not fix the problem, do:

sudo apt-get purge r8168-dkms # remove different driver

reboot # reboot the computer

Update #1:

# connected via router
$ tracepath www.ebay.com
 1?: [LOCALHOST]                      pmtu 1500
 1:  _gateway                                              1.090ms
 1:  _gateway                                              0.867ms
 2:  _gateway                                              0.890ms pmtu 1452

Need to check your MTU settings because of DSL modem.

There's a MTU setting in Ubuntu's network configuration, and a WAN MTU setting in your router.

For DSL, a common MTU setting is 1492. Just go ahead and try this value first and see if your web sites are now accessible.

To determine the correct setting, start with all MTU settings = 1500 and VPN = off. (VPN requires different testing).

In the terminal:

    ping [-c count] [-M do] [-s packet_size] [host]

The options used are:

c count: number of times to ping
M hint: Select Path MTU Discovery strategy.  may be either do (prohibit fragmentation, even local one), want (do PMTU discovery, fragment locally when packet size is large), or dont (do not set DF flag).
s packet_size: Specifies the number of data bytes to be sent.

You should always start at 1472 and work your way down by 10 each time. Once you get a reply, go up by 1 until you get a fragmented packet. Take that value (last good value) and add 28 to the value to account for the various TCP/IP headers. Eg. let's say that 1452 was the proper packet size (where you first got an ICMP reply to your ping). The actual MTU size would be 1480, which is the optimum for the network we're working with.

    ping -c 4 -M do -s 1472 8.8.8.8 # this will probably show fragmentation

    ping -c 4 -M do -s 1462 8.8.8.8 # may show fragmentation

    ping -c 4 -M do -s 1452 8.8.8.8 # no fragmentation?

    ping -c 4 -M do -s 1453 8.8.8.8 # still no fragmentation?

reference: How to determine the proper MTU size with ICMP pings

Update #2:

Ended up connecting via a router. It works. MTU is still wrong.


How to use Btrfs with compression on external USB hard drive?

Format and enable LZO

I would avoid using any GUI to format;-)

mkfs.btrfs device is good enough, depending on how you would like to make use of Btrfs features:

use the external USB HDD as 1 single partition/block device
create 2 partitions (2 block devices) and form a raid1 or raid0 for data (-d), metadata is replicated on all devices by default, unless you manually specify to change

You can make use of the compression by adding the option when mounting, for example:

sudo mount -o compress=lzo /dev/sdd /mnt/btrfs

The good thing about Btrfs is that LZO compression can also be enabled on a subvol basis, very flexible;-) For example

/* Create a subvolume named subvol1 */

# btrfs subvolume create /mnt/btrfs/subvol1

/* Mount the subvolume and enable compression */

# mount -o compress=lzo,subvol=subvol1 /dev/sdd /mnt/subvol1

NOTE: You can add compression to existing Btrfs file systems at any time, just add the option when mounting and do a defragment to apply compression to existing data.

BTW: 2 best Btrfs docs out there:

http://www.funtoo.org/wiki/BTRFS_Fun

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E37670_01/E37355/html/ol_btrfs.html

Make use of LZO compression:

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/servers-storage-admin/advanced-btrfs-1734952.html

USB Auto Mount

I am not too sure about this, will let other blokes answer it;-)

I'd prefer to write a simple shell script to do the mount because I won't attach the USB HDD to the computer all the time.


Remove the suffix " - Dolphin" from the Dolphin title bar

Dolphin options

:~$ dolphin --help

Usage: dolphin [Qt-options] [KDE-options] [options] [Url]

File Manager

Generic options:
  --help                    Show help about options
  --help-qt                 Show Qt specific options
  --help-kde                Show KDE specific options
  --help-all                Show all options
  --author                  Show author information
  -v, --version             Show version information
  --license                 Show license information
  --                        End of options

Options:
  --select                  The files and directories passed as arguments will be selected.
  --split                   Dolphin will get started with a split view.

Arguments:
  Url                       Document to open

The Qt options has:

  --title            sets the application title (caption)

With the KDE menu editor you could set the Dolphin start command - http://docs.kde.org/stable/en/kde-workspace/kmenuedit/

----EDIT----

The KDE 4.10 and later supports the scripted title manipulation / stripping.

Feature request: http://forum.kde.org/viewtopic.php?f=111&t=110113 . Bug/wish: https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=308995

Tested with the KDE 4.11:

Backup the files before you edit them ;)

Editing the /usr/share/kde4/apps/kwin/stripTitle.js and adding the Dolphin to the list.

Enabling the tittle manipulation by running the command:

kwriteconfig --file kwinrc --group Windows --key CondensedTitle true

It will add a line to the kwinrc

More of the kwriteconfig:

:~$ kwriteconfig --help
Usage: kwriteconfig [Qt-options] [KDE-options] [options] value

Write KConfig entries - for use in shell scripts

Generic options:
  --help                    Show help about options
  --help-qt                 Show Qt specific options
  --help-kde                Show KDE specific options
  --help-all                Show all options
  --author                  Show author information
  -v, --version             Show version information
  --license                 Show license information
  --                        End of options

Options:
  --file <file>             Use <file> instead of global config
  --group <group>           Group to look in. Use repeatedly for nested groups. [KDE]
  --key <key>               Key to look for
  --type <type>             Type of variable. Use "bool" for a boolean, otherwise it is treated as a string

Arguments:
  value                     The value to write. Mandatory, on a shell use '' for empty

Rebooting - at here the Dolphin title is only showing the directory information.


Can 'Microsoft basic data' partition be deleted?

If you remove partitions /dev/sda9 and /dev/sda10 (swap and Ubuntu), which you might want to do to remove Ubuntu, then you won't be able to just boot into Windows any more because GRUB (the bootloader which should be installed in /dev/sda10) will be gone. If you then re-install Ubuntu, or another Linux, you'll be fine. You'll also be fine (be able to boot into Windows) if you delete /dev/sda9 but leave /dev/sda10 alone.

Currently, in Windows, (C: is probably /dev/sda5) you probably have a D: and E: drives, and that would account for the extra partitions /dev/sda6 and /dev/sda7. You'll have to see what files are there, if you have external backups, and if you still need/want those drives in Windows.

You shouldn't touch the other partitions.


Sendmail account for sending e-mail on Ubuntu

You don't really need to create any account to send messages from sendmail, you can send from pretty-much-about-anything@my-domain.com. You might only need an account if you want to receive messages for that user on that server (unless you create an alias for that name to an existing user account), but that's not a sendmail-related question.


Mouse "jumps" while holding a mousebutton

This sounds more like an hardware problem, given how a quick Google search gives me some results of more people complaining about this problem, both on Linux and Windows alike. Some solutions include:

Try another mouse. Your mouse may be faulty and be suffering from some internal interference. You can test if it's your mouse fault my testing it in other PCs/Operating Systems.
Shiny desk. Your mouse may not like your desk's surface and just by pressing a button, it giggles enough to take a jump.


Audio driver should be present in Linux kernel but device isn't recognised

Not sure why this question was downvoted. In any case, I was able to get a fix for this issue, turns out that I needed a newer version of alsa-lib (1.2.1.1-1) in order to get the required files to fix the audio. Should just need to download this package and run update-initramfs in order to get the audio device recognised. Will mark this question as answered.


Cannot load Windows XP after deleting ubunutu partition

Insert your Windows XP CD and boot it
Open the recovery console
Type: fdisk /mbr
Reboot


Bluetooth doesnt discover any nearby devices

I found the solution.
I just had to download a driver and place it in the required folder.
Here is the link that I followed : Bluetooth not discovering any devices - Dell XPS 13 (16.04)

Hope it helps you :) .


Grub Customizer Error when launching on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

I was getting the same error when launching grub-customizer in ubuntu 18.04, what I did was just find the path of the missing library:

    $ sudo find / -name "libatkmm-1.6.so.1"
    /snap/gnome-system-monitor/36/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libatkmm-1.6.so.1

after that, I included the lib directory to the file that configures the libs environment variable:

    $ sudo su
    # echo "/snap/gnome-system-monitor/36/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu.conf
    # ldconfig

and it worked.

----------

OR you can create symbolic links into an already default lib path:

    sudo ln -s /snap/gnome-system-monitor/36/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libatkmm-1.6.so.1.1.0 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libatkmm-1.6.so.1
    sudo ln -s /snap/gnome-system-monitor/36/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpangomm-1.4.so.1.0.30 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpangomm-1.4.so.1
    sudo ln -s /snap/gnome-system-monitor/36/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglibmm-2.4.so.1.3.0 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglibmm-2.4.so.1
    sudo ln -s /snap/gnome-system-monitor/36/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcairomm-1.0.so.1.4.0 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcairomm-1.0.so.1
    sudo ln -s /snap/gnome-system-monitor/36/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libsigc-2.0.so.0.0.0 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libsigc-2.0.so.0
    sudo ln -s /snap/gnome-system-monitor/36/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgiomm-2.4.so.1.3.0 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgiomm-2.4.so.1


Webmin+dhcp server, domain resolving problem

If you followed the tutorial precisely. The problem is related to resolving domain names such as www.google.com properly from your lan side devices.

First, depending if internal machines are linux desktops, review the settings in network manager. Otherwise, if CLI devices, review the /etc/network/interfaces file.

It may look something like the following:

iface eth0 inet static
        address 192.168.85.220
        mask 255.255.255.0
        gateway {ipofpcrouter}
        dns-nameservers {ipofpcrouter}

Verify the dns-nameservers are pointing to the correct address, in your case the address of your pcrouter.

To verify the ip address of the router, drop to a terminal on that device and issue command:

ifconfig -a

Which should provide results as such, verify your mask is set correctly.

eth0  Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr ac:16:2d:5d:63:7e
      inet addr:192.168.85.210  Bcast:192.168.85.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
      inet6 addr: fe80::ae16:2dff:fe5d:637e/64 Scope:Link
      UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
      RX packets:4022 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
      TX packets:366 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
      collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
      RX bytes:253666 (253.6 KB)  TX bytes:37170 (37.1 KB)

If the values do not match, modify the values on the client device to match.
You may either issue ifdown/ifup to restart the interfaces, or disable/renable network manager, through the gui. Or what I prefer to do, restart the system.

For Network Manager: Check the IPv4 tab, and review the settings as described above.

Good Luck.


Software to monitor disk space and send email on threshold

Figured I should let others know how this turned out. I've been using monit  for the last couple of months and it is more than sufficient and can send out emails when a disk hits a certain threshold.


How do i make changes with x input permanent?

There are different ways of doing this. If you're absolutely sure the ID never changes, the easiest may be to put the line into Systems->Preferences->Startup Applications.

The canonical method seems to be editing udev rules nowadays. There's a Wiki page on this here.


So I got this fixed luckily. In short: I was able to boot by using an undocumented function of my bios which was that F3 always tries to boot from DVD. Using this I was able to boot WinPE and from there I was able to reset my bios.
The procedure is described in detail here. It also describes (in the links) how to obtain the necessary files.
http://forum.notebookreview.com/threads/samsung-series-7-np700z5c-s03ca-my-last-hope.762595/
Thanks to the people at notebookreview.com!


16.04 Live CD screen resolution problem?

To fix this press right ctrl+f2 to go into TTY then you can switch back with right ctrl+f1, this sorts the resolution problem.


Temporary Failure in name resolution on WSL

I have the same problem. It also seems to be realted to VPN.
I found out, that it only fails the DNS lookup when I first connect the VPN before starting WSL-Ubuntu after System-Reboot. First starting WSL-Ubuntu and afterwards connecting the VPN seems to work.


I just released an access2csv program written in Java based on Jackess. Code is here, a binary is available here.


Building lxpanel on ubuntu and looking for meeting wireless-tools-devel dependency

Looking into ./configure script shows that wireless-tools-devel actually looks for iwlib.h. Doing sudo apt-file search iwlib.h gives required package.

To compile please install:
$ sudo apt-get install libiw-dev


Will there be any problem to install two compilers on the same system?

The standard 14.04 comes with gcc-4.8 and gcc-4.7 installed.  If you want c++ features, install the g++ compiler.   The executables all have different names, but the links like /usr/bin/gcc usually point to the default compiler -- change if you want to.  Of course, you can always install a compiler in a separate location, like your home directory, and avoid all conflicts that way, just having to run a setup script to change some paths, env. variables and maybe aliases.


You could update to the 4.2 kernel or install the latest backports, installing the 4.2 kernel is a better option as backports would have to be reinstalled with every new 3.19 kernel until the patch that enables your device is merged with the Ubuntu 3.19 kernel series

You will likely need firmware if the 4.2 kernel doesn't already have it
wget https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/_media/en/users/drivers/iwlwifi-7265-ucode-15.227938.0.tgz
tar zxvf iwlwifi-7265-ucode-15.227938.0.tgz
cd iwlwifi-7265-ucode-15.227938.0.tgz
sudo cp iwlwifi-7265-15.ucode /lib/firmware/iwlwifi-3165-15.ucode
sudo cp iwlwifi-7265-15.ucode /lib/firmware/

Reboot


sTrapValue[0]='a';
sTrapValue[1]='b';
sTrapValue[2]='c';
numvar=2;
COUNTER=0;
BL="";
while [ ! $COUNTER -gt ${numvar} ]; do
  BL=${BL}${sTrapValue[$COUNTER]},;
  let COUNTER=COUNTER+1;
done;
BL=$(echo ${BL} | sed 's/,$/./');
echo $BL;

=> a,b,c.

EDIT :

Answer to the edited question:

numvar=2;
COUNTER=0;
BL="";
while [ ! $COUNTER -gt ${numvar} ]; do
  BL=${BL}sTrapValue[${COUNTER}],;
  let COUNTER=COUNTER+1;
done;
BL=$(echo ${BL} | sed 's/,$/./');
echo $BL;

=> sTrapValue[0],sTrapValue[1],sTrapValue[2].


How do I create a new file in a folder owned by root? Specifically, I want to add a file to /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d

First, create the file, using the editor of your choice. Store it in a user directory, something in or under $HOME Check it to be sure it says what you think it says, and does what you want. Then, and only then:

sudo cp yourfile /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-mouse-acceleration.conf


Using Nautilus navigate to /usr/share/backgrounds:

You will find more images in the subdirectories. For example gnome has many wallpapers and yours might be in it.


Ubuntu 15.10 bluetooth headset connected but not working

After an update it works again. Now if I connect via bluetooth to my headset it is listed as a audio output device.


I don't know much about the subject but if you want to use rhythmbox, perhaps this might be interesting:
rhythmbox-ampache and ampache


installing numpy for python 3.1.2 on Ubuntu 10.04

I have tried it on Ubuntu 11.10, but this should work. Download the numpy-1.6.2.tar.gz from sourceforge than open a terminal:

sudo apt-get install python3-dev build-essential
tar xzf numpy-1.6.2.tar.gz
cd numpy-1.6.2
sudo python3 setup.py install

Than you need to wait for converting from python2 to python3 and to compile.


When are network, broadcast and gateway required for configuring a network interface manually?

How to set up static IP address and why

Notice! I do not talk about other ways of seting up network like with NetworkManager.  Any device mentioned in /etc/network/interfaces are not touched by NM

To be able to communicate through an IP network (IPv4 and IPv6) the computer must know what IP address it has. So therefore address directive is needed to tell the computer that.

When the computer then wants to talk to another computer, it uses that other computers IP address to check if that computer is in the same network, LAN. If so, the computer can communicate direct with the other computer.

So how do the computer knows when it is communicating with a computer on the same LAN? By using the networks netmask, where the net part of the address is set to ones and host part is set to zeros. So by doing a bitwise AND operation between each bit in a IP address and the netmask we will get the network address of the IP address, where host part is zero. So if we do this on the computers IP address and the other computers IP address we get each network address.. If they are equal, it means that the computers are in the same network and can talk directly to each other.

If the network addresses are not equal they are on different LAN and cannot communicate directly to each other. Then the computer needs to use a special computer that is connected to other LANs. That computer is a router (that could also have a firewall and NAT). So when the computer want to talk to other computers outside the LAN, it need to know the address of that computer which is set with the gateway directive. If another interface has already set a gateway value, you do not and should not set another gateway directive for this interface. The gateway directive sets the default route for the computer, so you need only one for IPv4 and only one for IPv6 on each machine.
This network address can be manually set with the network directive.

Sometime the computer want to communicate with all computers in the LAN, and the it uses broadcast address. This address is listen to by all computers in the same LAN. This is basicly the same as network address, except the host part is not all zeros and instead all ones. This broadcast address is set by the directive broadcast in the interface.

The interface network address is only needed to be calculated once and is usually calculated correctly from that address and netmask directives. Same with the broadcast address. So you do not need to set them. In fact if you set one or both to the wrong values, you could lose connection to internet and other computers in your LAN. So unless you have some strange values on them, let the computer calculate them for you.

So a minimal static settings, or stanza, in /etc/network/interfaces could look like this for the device eth1 in a private network:

iface eth1 static inet
     address   192.168.44.10
     netmask   255.255.255.0
     gateway   192.168.44.1

How name resolving works and how it is tied to DNS.

Domain names are used to convert between easy for humans to read and remember domain names and the computers not so easy to remember IP address, mentioned above.  This is called Name Resolving.

This is usually controlled by the file /etc/nsswitc.conf and the line which start with hosts:. If you ask the computer to connect to the computer my.example.com, it will look into this file and try to solve the IP address from the name my.example.com. This file does not actually answers the question "which IP do my.example.com have", it just tell the computer where it could find the answer.
Usually it tries the /etc/hosts file first for static local names, then avahi mDNS for dynamic local names and then a DNS domain name resovler to get a name from internet.

If some of these are slow in answering your questions, it might look like the computer get stuck for a while.  So if you get that, check name resolving first.

So adding static addresses you can just add it to your /etc/hosts file.  By the way, if you have a static address, you probably should change the IP address there for your machine to your IP address and not the default 127.0.1.1 (which is in the localnet network where localhost are, 127.0.0.1).  That only works ok for clients and not for servers.

The dynamic addresses you get from Linux machines with the avahi package and from Apple machines (and MS Windows with iTunes?).  That is handled by "magic" and you will not need to fix that.

The DNS is used to reach internet and you need to tell the computer where those DNS servers you want to use are, what IP address to use and what your default DNS domain are.

This is done in the file /etc/resolv.conf and can be statically set up.  This does not work that well in our not so static world, so usually you have a package called resolvconf installed.  This let you set up these settings in the /e/n/interfaces file.

So if we assumes we want to add one of Googles DNS servers, 8.8.8.8, and your ISP's DNS server, 192.0.2.1, and your domain my.example.org domain as default, you just edit the /etc/network/interfaces file and add these two lines in the stanza for the static device.

    dns-nameservers   8.8.8.8  192.0.2.10
    dns-search        my.example.org

You may also notice that the DNS resolver will only use a maximum of three DNS servers.  Please look this up in the man-page of resolv.conf. As usually, you can use the command man nsswitch.conf, man resolv.conf and man resolvconf for more information.

Also notice that I use domain example.com and example.org and IP network 192.0.2.0/24 for the ISP example DNS server.  These are explicit defined to be used in examples.  See http://example.com/ or http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2606 and rfc5735

How do you then check that it works?
You can do that in many ways, but I usually use

getent hosts my.test.com

to test the whole setup for name resolution.  If I just want to check if DNS works, I use one of these commands:

host my.test.com
dig my.test.com

But remember that those only test DNS through the settings in the /etc/resolv.conf file, and not the /etc/nsswitch.conf part. It might be what you want, or not.


Shortcuts missing everytime I reboot pc (target on anouther partition)

Other partitions first have to be mounted before they can be used normally. This happens automatically when you access the partition with a file browser. There are several ways to mount a partition. I will show you one which only requires normal user rights.

Open Nautilus and go to your other partition. Then press ctrl + L. It will show you the mounting point. You will need this information.

Then open a terminal and enter df -h. There will be a line which shows you the mounting point. On the left there will be something like /dev/sda2.

Now open "Startup Applications" from the dash. Add one with this command:

mount /dev/sda2 /the/mounting/point


why newly created vm using pxe boot is not listing in the maas

On the maas region controller, it needs to have a 10.20.x.x IP (the
10.20.x.x IP assigned on the maas) and be telling its VMs its helping boot
to reach it there. This IP configured in
/etc/maas/region*.conf. It likely is set to 192.168.122.159 right now.
Hopefully there is a 10.20.x.x IP on the maasrc instance and this setting
needs to be updated.

By setting the ip  10.20.x.x in /etc/maas/regiond.conf solve the issue.

Thank you Alan.


How do I remove a non-present drive from the list?

First, you should definitely remove your floppy drive from fstab, you can use a simple text editor for this. If this does not solve your problem in itself (it should though), please refer to this old answer for a similar question.

If it is a desktop PC, another option is trying to disable it in the BIOS.


Unused services to disable after a fresh installation?

This is highly subjective depending on each user. Most services that start up with the standard ubuntu-desktop are in some way required. However, you can disable a number of things which start up for each user in the Startup Applications Preferences, found in System > Preferences > Startup Applications - To disable a program from launching at startup simple uncheck it in the list under the Startup Programs tab.

Some examples: If you don't use Evolution or, in particular, Evolution Calendars you can disable the Evolution Alarm Notify task. If you do not connect to this machine via VNC or another Remote Desktop tool you can disable the Remote Desktop server application. If your machine doesn't support Bluetooth you can also remove that service. Any service that you know you don't utilize while logged in as your user you can feel free to uncheck.


how to control what opening the laptops lid does

I can't comment, but I think this can qualify as an answer.
I'm almost 100% sure that the BIOS controls this function, and not the operating system. You can look in your BIOS settings, but it's doubtful there will be something to disable this.


How to report a bug of an unofficial package?

The error message means that the package didn't come from the main Ubuntu repos, and may have come from a PPA or a different repo. Therefore, you cannot report the bug through the standard channels. Instead, you'll need to report it to the PPA maintainer or repo maintainer.

You can run apt-cache policy portal-slingshot and see the repo the package came from.


Is there a way to install Ubuntu to my hard drive from a usb thumbdrive that's running ubuntu

Is it possible to copy over the current Ubuntu or not?

Yes it is, but it is not guaranteed that it will work as it should.

Transfer an existing Ubuntu installation to an empty partition with rsync.

Linux filesystem is a prerequisite (ext4 is preferred)

First create the partition (ext4 filesystem). Use gparted to create a partition in your HDD. Be sure that is equal or even better bigger than your current Ubuntu installation.

Then mount the new ext4 partition under /mnt directory. We assume here that is /dev/sda1

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

Now prepare for the last step. My suggestion (it is not a rule) is to close any programs you have open and do not do anything until the end.

sudo rsync -aAXv /* /mnt/ --exclude={/dev/*,/proc/*,/sys/*,/tmp/*,/run/*,/mnt/*,/media/*,/lost+found}

When the copy is done,

give an additional command (maybe is not needed, but in any case)

sudo grub-install --recheck /dev/sda

Again, we assume here that the HDD is the /dev/sda drive and the  new created partition (for the Ubuntu transfer) is /dev/sda1.

Reboot your PC, set it to boot from the HDD first.

Good Luck.


Not evaluating an expression when using cat

You need to escape the '`' symbols since they mean "execute this code". So that line should look like:

DATE=\`date '+%y%m%d-%H%M'\`


Kubuntu 18.04 Bionic Beaver release files

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS is already officially released, so the image you linked is a stable build. Even Beta images from development branches join the stable release with the last update.

Note: since you're a new user it's probably worth mentioning that the image you linked is an official flavor, not the original Ubuntu that comes with Ubuntu-desktop.


Is there a way to force scrollbars in the desktop version of Ubuntu, like Netbook Remix does?

I don't know how to do what you are asking, however, you can use your "alt" key to move the window decorations past the top of the screen so you can see further down the window...

Press Alt on your keyboard, left click and drag a window to see what I mean.


Can't access terminal menus from keyboard in 18.04

Have you tried F10? According to https://wiki.gnome.org/Design/OS/KeyboardShortcuts it opens "Gear Menu", which seems to do the trick for me. I don't know what a gear menu is, though, so it might not work for you.


How I can run Android Studio emulator without libGL errors?

Here is how I resolved it:

Go to Libstdc++ dir in Android SDK directory

cd AndroidSdkDirectory/studio/emulator/lib64/libstdc++

Create a back up of libstdc++.so.6:

mv libstdc++.so.6 libstdc++.so.6.bak

Create symbolic link to library:

ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 libstdc++.so.6


Having trouble booting into Ubuntu on macbook air (mid-2012)

Make sure you have downloaded the Ubuntu AMD 64 bit image and then use the instructions on the Ubuntu download page to write the ISO onto the USB drive using OS X.

It's all command line, but I find that way always works. Refind picks it up. If it doesn't, just hold option for the Mac boot loader to find it.


Most likely some process is holding the file open and/or immediately recreating it when you delete it. Try the following command:

sudo lsof google-chrome/default/User\ StyleSheets/Custom.css

This should tell you what program is locking the file. You may then kill it, and (hopefully) delete the file. Failing that, a reboot should fix it good.


Tomboy and Gnote files are directly supported by the newer Recoll 1.19 release which you can get for Ubuntu from the Recoll PPA.

If you want to stay with the default Ubuntu package, it's easy to retrofit support:

Edit ~/.recoll/mimemap, add the following line:

.note = application/x-gnote

Edit ~/.recoll/mimeconf, add the following lines:

[index]
application/x-gnote = exec rclxml

Edit ~/.recoll/mimeview, add the following lines:

[view]
application/x-gnote = tomboy %f

Then retrieve the rclxml filter from: http://www.lesbonscomptes.com/recoll/filters/rclxml

Copy it to /usr/share/recoll/filters and  make it executable (chmod +x rclxml). It will need xsltproc, but this is probably already on your system (else get it with the package manager).

The easiest way to make sure the files are indexed may be to just run a full indexing pass (recollindex -z). There are other ways, but this answer is already long enough :)


Change the default editor when sudo visudo

The problem is not that it does not apply to nano, it's that it does not apply to the shell:

Just set the VISUAL environment variable:

export VISUAL=vim

Add this too ~/.bashrc to make it permanent.

As you seem to use vim in general, set both VISUAL and EDITOR:

export VISUAL="vim"
export EDITOR="$VISUAL"

or more POSIX-correct

VISUAL="vim" ; export VISUAL
EDITOR="$VISUAL" ; export EDITOR

I assume nano was the value of one or both variables.

To make use of the editor in visudo actually, we need to handle that sudo does not keep the environment variables by normally. The option -E changes that.

sudo -E visudo

Without the -E here, you would end up with a default of nano again

The two variables where in use long before files named *.desktop or mime* even existed.
(And the impressive thing is: they were actually used as a common standard.)
In Ubuntu, the system default seems to be set with sudo update-alternatives --config editor. It shows a menu to change the current association.

See section ENVIRONMENT in man visudo:

  VISUAL           Invoked by visudo as the editor to use

  EDITOR           Used by visudo if VISUAL is not set


I seriously doubt Wine has anything to do with your booting issue, the only possibility Wine has of loading anything is after a user logs in.

Anyways, if you want to remove Wine follow the instructions below.

Boot up until the login screen, instead of entering your user credentials press Ctrl+Alt+F1 to switch to a TTY (press Ctrl+Alt+F7 to switch back to your running X session).

Login in the TTY and use these commands to remove Wine from your system:

Remove Wine

sudo apt-get remove --purge wine

Move Wine's cache somewhere else

move ~/.wine ~/wine.old

Reboot

sudo reboot

That should be enough to remove any Wine traces from your system.


If you are running GNOME Do, then there are two options.

Start-up Applications

You can open start-up applications by running gnome-session-properties.

From here you can disable Gnome-Do.

GNOME Do's Preferences

The other option is to disable running Gnome-Do on start-up from within GNOME Do's preferences.

Make sure that the check box that says "Start GNOME Do at login." is unchecked.


Ubuntu 14.04 Desktop lost open app windows after waking up from the sleep mode

I don't think you're doing anything wrong that may cause this problem.

Ubuntu 14.04 uses the relatively new Unity user interface that a still has a few rough edges, as well as a more recent Linux kernel (3.13+).

Many of us are having a series of issues:

14.04: password not accepted after computer wakes up from sleep
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/lightdm/+bug/1299778
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-screensaver/+bug/1280300

From time to time Chrome has also crashed for me (you should see an Apport dialog showing up when that happens), especially after waking up the computer.

Try searching Ubuntu bugs in Launchpad and if nothing like your problem shows up for 14.04, consider filing a new bug report. This is your best shot at getting the issue fixed.


Issues when installing Adobe Acrobat Reader

Just checked, i can't find it either anymore actually, no error on your end. Might have been removed (never know with third party packages)

You can get it from adobes website though.

By default it offers a *.bin, but you can get a *.deb by clicking on "Do you have a different language or operating system?" and choose Linux > Language > .deb

Once this is downloaded, click it and it should open in Ubuntus Software Center, and can be installed/managed in there like normal.


How to get help and to help with development of software

If you want to become a Developers then Ubuntu Developers guide is the best way to help you.

http://developer.ubuntu.com/

look at there , irrespective of the programming language you know you can develop applications in Ubuntu.

If you want to get help and to help others about your development & all you can look at

Ubuntu - MOTU https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MOTU

as well as you can always be in touch with them from IRC channels like

#ubuntu-motu
#ubuntu-beginners
#ubuntu-dev


First, take a look at this question

It has a highly upvoted answer supposing to do what you want. I'd not consider it a duplicate (it is about not updating), but nevertheless you should check out that answer.
Did you uninstall etc beforehand? These commands will probably not remove a current installation. Did you check if it is removed after uninstalling (some leftover files could make it look like your package is still there)?
After that, be sure to run those commands with SUDO.

The dpkg solution should work.

If that doens't work, there are some other methods as well. For instance from this question on superuser

  put the following into your /etc/apt/preferences:

Package: i-am-a-package-containing-junk
Pin: version *
Pin-Priority: -1

  the Pin-Priority: -1 says that the matched versions of the matched packages should never be installed, while the rest matches every version of the package i-am-a-package-containing-junk, effectively preventing its installation.

Finally, you might take a look on this page: it shows you the file /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01autoremove, and how to use it.


Vmware workstation 9 wont allow ubuntu installation configuration

Simple, this is NOT a bug.  If you tell Vmware all about what you want to install, it will do it for you.

However, if you tell vmware workstation as you create the new VM that you want to install the operating system later, this will provide the normal install. You then power cycle, booting from the ISO image and go through the steps.


Can I move or hide the unity panel so my browser tabs appear at the very top of the screen?

That feature is not available on the unity desktop. You can, however, install another desktop environment.

lubuntu-desktop, gnome-session-fallback, xubuntu-desktop, and ubuntu-studio-desktop offer either autohide or in the case of gnome-session fallback there is a hide function you can click an arrow to hide the top panel.

For ubuntu-studio, xubuntu, and lubuntu you can right click on the panel, choose panel properties and there should be an autohide function somewhere in the options.


No kernel modules were found installing xubuntu from unetbootin

Hard to know with certainty.

Unetbootin is one method of making a live USB and the program is what generates the menu items you are seeing.

Default is to run live, the other option, install ubuntu, it pulled from the options on the .iso. I think that option simply runs the installer without running a desktop environment.

I suggest you check the md5sum of the iso you downloaded

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToMD5SUM

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuHashes

Also, what version of Xubuntu?


fsck
Let's manually check your file system...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB in “Try Ubuntu” mode
open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
type sudo fsck /dev/nvme0n1p2
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

nomodeset
Boot with video drivers disabled (temporary)...

boot to the GRUB menu
hit the e key to enter edit mode
find "quiet splash"
change it to "quiet splash nomodeset"
hit CTRL+x or F10 to continue booting
if it fully boots, video resolution may be off (temporary)
report back

Nvidia
It looks like an incorrect Nvidia server driver is installed.
Change to nividia-driver-440 or nouveau driver.
Report back.
Update #1:
fsck fixed the journal errors.
Booting with nomodeset allowed the computer to fully boot.
Switching to the nouveau video driver didn't help.
Purging Nvidia video drivers and installing Nvidia 450.66 did not fix the problem.
Going to reinstall Ubuntu.


Instructions for installing Ubuntu on phones are here

https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/phone/devices/installing-ubuntu-for-devices/

There are lists of devices that are supported and have community ports.  If your phone is not listed, see the link to 'Porting to a new device' at the top of the page.


Absurdly large /proc/kcore file -- what does it mean?

First things first: /proc is a virtual filesystem. Do not back it up. Its contents do not exist on the disk.

From man 5 proc:

/proc/kcore
      This  file  represents  the physical memory of the system and is
      stored in the ELF core file format.  With this pseudo-file,  and
      an unstripped kernel (/usr/src/linux/vmlinux) binary, GDB can be
      used to examine the current state of any kernel data structures.

      The total length of the file is  the  size  of  physical  memory
      (RAM) plus 4KB.

So, I'd be a bit concerned if the kcore is small.

How do you reduce its size? Reduce your RAM.


How do I DD backup the Microsoft Surface onto a Image file? Has anyone done this and restored it successfully?

What is your actual problem? Are you already booting successfully from USB or are you asking if this is possible?

If you can boot from the USB into Ubuntu on the device, why shouldn't dd work as usual?

I'd rather recommend using Microsoft tools like dism for individual partitions where possible and backing up the partition table separately (if there is such a thing, you may probably find mmcblk0 instead of sda), dism usually achieves better compression ratio than dd+lzma2.


How do I disable root password reset via GRUB edit?

If you wish to prevent people with access to your computer from changing your root password, you can encrypt your entire Ubuntu partition so that other people cannot boot your installation of Ubuntu at all without knowing the password to the partition.

This is because once somebody has physical access to your computer, there is no way (at least of that I can think of) to prevent that other than to have your root partition encrypted.


I am stuck with GNU GRUB on my MacOS after removing Ubuntu

Have you tired holding Command-R or Shift-Option-Command-R and booting into recovery mode. Once there you can go into into disk utility and reformat the entire disk delete any existing partitions. Please note this will wipe any and all data on your computer. Then proceed with normal MacOS install.

If you know what are you doing you can remove non macos partition to keep your macos data. Then reboot and see if it boots into MacOS.


cupsd is the scheduler for the Common UNIX Printing System. It implements a printing system based upon the Internet Printing Protocol, version 1.1. If no options are specified on the command-line then the default configuration file (usually /etc/cups/cupsd.conf) will be used.

It propably has nothing to do with Your hung.
Try to load older kernel (hit and hold Shift - as far as i remember) while system boots. When GRUB menu load, select older kernel and let us know what happens.

If You can load into linux, copy and paste 'older kernel log' - dmesg's from /var/log.


How to download an MP3 track from a YouTube video

You can also download the mp3 directly from youtube without converting using ffmpeg

youtube-dl --extract-audio --audio-format mp3 <video URL>

From the online help:

-x, --extract-audio        convert video files to audio-only files (requires
                           ffmpeg or avconv and ffprobe or avprobe)

Bear in mind as well that youtube-dl defaults to using avconv so you should consider specifying either avconv or FFmpeg at the commandline . From the online help :

--prefer-avconv                  Prefer avconv over ffmpeg for running the
                                 postprocessors (default)
--prefer-ffmpeg                  Prefer ffmpeg over avconv for running the
                                 postprocessors

Further options for keeping the original video, adjusting the bitrate or quality of the audio and a few others can be seen by looking at youtube-dl -h .


Problem with Xtreme Download Manager notification icon

I'have found the problem.
go to the options and unmark show download box in general tap xdman icon will disappear from the desktop and restart the xdman it's icon will go to the taskbar,

but I should say that i removed all of the xdman configurations with these commands before doing the steps above :

sudo apt-get remove xdman

that will remove the xdman package.

sudo apt-get autoremove

that will remove all unnecessary packages...packages that were installed but are no longer being used by any other packages. This applies to any packages not being used, not just xdman.

sudo apt-get purge xdman

or

sudo apt-get remove --purge xdman


Creating a new .notify-osd file with manual configuration was enough to sort this issue out.
https://www.maketecheasier.com/customize-the-notification-bubble-in-ubuntu-raring/


Display does not blank on a Thinkpad T61

You could start by checking that gnome-screensaver is still running:

[user@host] ~> ps ax |grep screen
 1939 ?        Ss     0:06 gnome-screensaver

If it is running kill it with 'kill [pid]' and restart it with 'gnome-screensaver --debug'


How to send a saved document to my gmail address

Don't make things hard, they are really easy.
Using firefox (or the browser you already used to post this question):

open a new tab, type: www.gmail.com
Sign in to your account
Click < Compose > at the email
Enter your destination email address
Chose attach, from the open dialog, chose < Home > from the left. You shall find the document you edited.
Then send.

Hope this solves the issue.


PATH-variable gets always reset. How to fix that?

I understand you have some executables in one of your home folders, e.g., in ~/bin and you want to be able to execute them without always typing the full path ~/bin/my_cool_executable.

You already observed that entering PATH=~/bin:$PATH in your terminal made things work... but only until you close the terminal. When you open a new one, your former PATH variable gets reset to its original value. By the way, I guess you know how to, at any time, check the value of the PATH variable: like so:

echo "$PATH"

How to make your change permanent so that your PATH will still be the same when you reopen a new terminal? It's very easy, you just need to edit your .bashrc file. Let's use the gedit editor: In a terminal, type this:

gedit ~/.bashrc

This opens up the gedit editor. Scroll to the end of the file and add this:

# Added by me on 2013/06/24
PATH=~/bin:$PATH
export PATH

and save the file and quit gedit. Then close your terminal and open a new one. Now your PATH variable should have ~/bin in front of it so that your commands in ~/bin will be accessible without typing their full path. And you know how to check that: echo "$PATH".

Enjoy!

Warning. It is considered bad practice and a security vulnerability to put . in your PATH variable.


Make .destop for ZSH such that it launches zsh and remains without transfering to .desktop of gnome-terminal?

Replace your Exec lines with the following :

Exec=gnome-terminal --class=zsh -e zsh

use :

Terminal=false

and add the line :

StartupWMClass=zsh

The file should look like this :

[Desktop Entry]
X-AppInstall-Package=gnome-terminal-y
X-AppInstall-Section=main

Name=ZSH-Terminal
Comment=Use zsh in the command line
TryExec=zsh
Exec=gnome-terminal --class=zsh -e zsh
Terminal=false
Icon=/home/lucifer/.oh-my-zsh/zsh.png
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
X-GNOME-SingleWindow=true
OnlyShowIn=GNOME;Unity;
Actions=New
StartupWMClass=zsh

Name[en_US]=ZSH-Terminal

[Desktop Action New]
Name=New Terminal
Exec=gnome-terminal --class=zsh -e zsh


CPU Frequency Error. Ubuntu on Raspberry Pi

Had the same problem on raspi 3B, Debian buster, after plugging in an AX88179 ethernet adapter.
echo "performance" > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/policy0/scaling_governor
did the trick for me. Raspi works fine.


rtl8188ce wifi adapter is not detected after installing newest realtek driver

I finally found the problem. Since the old driver had a lot of problems with the wifi connection stability I added a custom config file which disabled the powersaving mode.
This option seems to be no longer valid for the new driver and stopped the new driver from loading.

If you have the same problem, then go to

/etc/modprobe.d/

and delete the rtl8192.conf.

After a reboot the driver should be loaded automaticly/you can load it yourself with

sudo modprobe rtl8192ce


Emergency Mode after Resizing my Home Partition

This error (grub can only be installed in thjs setup by using blocklist) may be because your disk has GPT (GUID Partition Table). You have to create a 1  MB partition  in the begining of disk with flag 'bios_grub'. Now install grub.

sudo grub-install /dev/sdb ### or whichever disk you want to install grub on

The UUID of your partition might have changed, compare the UUID of /home entry in etc/fstab with the output of command:

sudo blkid  /dev/sdb3 ### partition that you have resized.

if changed replace with the new UUID.
Run command:

sudo update-grub

and reboot.


I can not ping webpage but can open it using browser

This could simply be a firewall blocking pings and a web site that only responds to a specific URL not the ip address.


software updater stuck on applying changes

I also had an issue when upgrading to 13.04. It crashed.
What worked for me was to reboot and complete the upgrade using synaptic. Everything seems to be in order now (although I plan to do a fresh install when the final 13.04 gets out at the end of the month).
Best,


Unable to install Ubuntu 12.10 on windows 8 machine/ error no5


Command to convert many images to one square image (not becoming a column or a row)

For this you can use ImageMagick's montage utility. In your particular case the command would be:

montage image2.png image1.png image4.png image3.png \
        -geometry +2+2 1234.png

The order of the images is important as in this example you can see that the montage works:

Top Left --> Top Right --> Bottom Left --> Bottom Right

Thus the image names are matching your desired order. Lots more possibilities if you wish to embellish this command line but the command line I have given will accomplish your goal...

References:

ImageMagick v6 Examples -- Montage, Arrays of Images Some further examples on imagemagick's 'montage' command...


Ubuntu 13.04 kernel panicking when booting up with HDMI TV plugged in

I would recommend saving kernel crash dump when kernel panics so as to find out the root cause of the panic.

Ubuntu relies on kexec to generate kernel crash dump.

  How does it work? => When a kernel panic occurs, the kernel relies on the kexec mechanism to quickly reboot a new instance of the kernel in a pre-reserved section of memory that had been allocated when the system booted (see below). This permits the existing memory area to remain untouched in order to safely copy its contents to storage.

Install the kernel crash dump utility (reboot required)

sudo apt-get install linux-crashdump

Verification

1st. boot parameter

cat /proc/cmdline
BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-3.8.0-29-generic root=/dev/mapper/ubuntu-root ro crashkernel=384M-2G:64M,2G-:128M splash quiet vt.handoff=7

Which means

if the RAM is smaller than 384M, then don't reserve anything (this is the "rescue" case)
if the RAM size is between 386M and 2G (exclusive), then reserve 64M
if the RAM size is larger than 2G, then reserve 128M

  NOTE: crashkernel=384M-2G:64M,2G-:128M this may cause problem on system with less than 2GB RAM

2nd after reboot verify

cat /sys/kernel/kexec_crash_loaded

If 1 => the crash kernel has been loaded, if it is 0, then something went wrong.

The crash kernel can also be loaded by running: sudo /etc/init.d/kdump start

  NOTE: Since 13.04 Raring, the same behavior can be achieved by using the new kdump-tools mechanism after modifying /etc/default/kdump-tools by running (see Release specific notes): sudo kdump-config load

Save a crash dump

Causing a crash is done by either pressing +c (/proc/sys/kernel/sysrq needs to be 1) or echo c | sudo tee /proc/sysrq-trigger (same as echo c > /proc/sysrq-trigger).

If everything works, there should be some delay (depending on the memory size). Then the system reboots again into the normal mode. Once done, the system will reboot to its normal operational mode. Kernel Crash Dump file can be found in the /var/crash directory.

Refer to Ubuntu Server => kernel crash dump

To inspect the crash dump refer to =>
Crash Dump Recipe


LibreOffice Writer - Start Numbering Equation from specific number and level using fn+F3 (Ex.: start from 2.2)

Imagining an equation number as (number of chapter . number of equation)

(2.3) = chapter 2, equation 3

All chapters have to be defined with a title formated as "Heading 1".

Between the first and the second chapter all the equations will be (1 . number of equation).

Between the second and the third chapter all equations will be (2. number of equation)...

If you want that your first chapter start from an specific number (Ex.: 3) you should:

Format>Bullets and Numbering>click level 1>start at 3

In my opinion it's also interesting to show sublevels in headings:

Format>Bullets and Numbering>select 1-10 (on the left) > show sublevels 10

Finally, 2 clicks on the formula's number and choose level 1,2 or 3... according to your necessity.


How to share Rhythmbox playlists in a network?

Sync the folder 'home/user/.local/share/rhythmbox' from all your computers via Ubuntu One.


Resolve network connection problem at startup

Can you show us the output of 'ifconfig' as soon as you boot and after the connection is dropped? Also, can execute 'route', see the IP of your default gateway, and try to ping it? For example:

jmhal@pluto:~$ ifconfig
wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  Endereço de HW 00:22:43:44:a2:d3
      inet end.: 192.168.0.2  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Masc:255.255.255.0
      endereço inet6: fe80::222:43ff:fe44:a2d3/64 Escopo:Link
      UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Métrica:1
      pacotes RX:336542 erros:0 descartados:0 excesso:0 quadro:0
      Pacotes TX:169868 erros:0 descartados:0 excesso:0 portadora:0
      colisões:0 txqueuelen:1000
jmhal@pluto:~$ route
Tabela de Roteamento IP do Kernel
Destino         Roteador        MáscaraGen.    Opções Métrica Ref   Uso Iface
default         192.168.0.1     0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 wlan0
link-local      *               255.255.0.0     U     1000   0        0 wlan0
192.168.0.0     *               255.255.255.0   U     2      0        0 wlan0
jmhal@pluto:~$ ping 192.168.0.1
PING 192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=52.1 ms

This way you'll be sure if the connection to the router is up or not.


You need to tell Apache to map some URL to this directory, for example using an Alias directive. For example

Alias "/webcam" "/home/meteor/webcam"

lets you use http://192.168.1.81/webcam/ to access /home/meteor/webcam/.

Note that on Debian based distros like Ubuntu it's better not to use /etc/apache2/apache2.conf for this type of configuration but a config file in /etc/apache2/sites-enabled. See /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian.gz for more about this.


If anyone couldn't get their package manager working by running the commands mentioned in the question, Then they can try changing the server to Main Server in their software sources (Note :- The following command is for kubuntu and might differ for any other distros). Open up the terminal and run the command sudo software-properties-kde. This will open up the software sources panel then from their you can just change the server to Main Server.


It looks like the keyboard has the Insert key toggled and is in overtype mode.


Is this the correct $PATH on Ubuntu 16.04?

I don't find it unusual. ~/.local/share/umake/bin is, of course, where umake installs stuff, and ~/.local/bin is where pip install --user commands end up, and probably other things. ~/bin is added to the PATH if you create that directory. If a user installs commands to these directories, they would reasonably expect those commands to take precedence over the system utilities.

  Isn't possible that someone can create a file called for example ls make it executable, put it on .local/share/umake/bin and I will execute whatever is on that file when trying to use the ls command?

Why go to that much trouble, instead of, say, editing your ~/.bashrc to replace ls with a function?


/dev/sdb refers to the entire hard drive. You need to specify a partition, for example /dev/sdb1

To see your partition(s) list them with fdisk -l or gparted.