I seem to be having the same issue with Ubuntu GNOME 17.04 on an XPS 9560, even reproducing your settings/details freeze, which I hadn't though to check before. It appears to be related to the graphics interface and drivers. From exploring a variety of message boards, I see that there is a huge amount of discussion about graphics problems with Ubuntu causing lockups, in particular with the Nvidia GPU's. (I'm assuming you have one of these...if not, I'm not sure if the following would work.)

Long story short, I got my machine back into a stable state by installing the Nvidia drivers over the default nouveau graphics drivers. But even this has some caveats, which requires a bit of extra work. Below are the steps I followed and the issues that arose.

First, get the Nvidia drivers using the Software & Updates tool from the GNOME applications. Go to the Additional Drivers tab, click the "Using NVIDIA binary driver" option, and then "Apply Changes".

This will by default run the Nvidia card all the time. In principle this is fine, and I had minimal trouble shutting down and booting, though the latter takes a little longer than before. In practice, if like me you use your laptop almost all the time on battery and doing graphics non-intensive tasks, it is a bit of a power hog. Typically 20-30 W while idling, compared with < 10 W when running through the built-in Intel graphics card. (I also use TLP for power management.)

Conveniently, the Nvidia driver installation also installs a handy NVIDIA X Server Settings app that allows switching between the graphics cards, at the cost of a logout/login. Not-so-conveniently, switching to the Intel card causes the login to hang indefinitely.

So, the second-order part of this solution is to modify the kernel boot-up options as follows. (See discussion here: https://www.reddit.com/r/Dell/comments/63cavx/fixed_nvidia_1050_freezing_in_ubuntu_linux/)  Edit the grub configuration file, e.g. by typing

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

into the terminal. Alter the variable GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_rev_override=1"

Save and exit (Ctrl-X). Then update grub

sudo update-grub

I find that I can now freely switch between Nvidia and Intel cards without problems (so far).


acer aspire touchpad gestures not working

Use sudo to load and unload kernel modules:

$ sudo rmmod psmouse
$ sudo modprobe psmouse


First, just to be sure: you did install texmaker via the software center right? If I got it right, you're coming form Windows world, and an habit to change in Ubuntu is the google/download/install cycle.

Instead, Ubuntu a package manager that will take care of the updates for you. I think that also answer your question: as long as you take a latex distribution from the software center, you don't have to worry about maintenance. I personaly use texlive, and haven't had to complain so far. I installed the packages called texlive-fonts-extra which installed the rest of the texlive distribution, plus some fonts for some weird latex template I had to use.

If you prefer command line rather than GUI, you can type:

sudo apt-get install texlive-fonts-extra


Why won't the GRUB menu appear after a fresh server install?

Your video card does not like your monitor enough to send it a signal it likes durign that time on its own, so you'll need to edit /etc/grub.d/00_header and tell it what to do.

In that file search for gfxmode=auto and change it to something like gfxmode=1024x768. If you don't feel comfortable doing it, you can use StartUp Manager https://help.ubuntu.com/community/StartUpManager to make the change.


Batch normalize audio volume on .ogg-files

There's a tool in the repositories called EasyMP3Gain that works on Vorbis files. It will go Album gain adjustments as well as track adjustments.


Wireless adaptors won't work. inspiron 8500. Cisco adaptors

The asked sudo lshw |grep -A 15 network gives:

For the AIR-PCM352:

  *-network description: Wireless interface physical id: 1 logical name: eth1 serial: 00:0a:b7:4c:c7:3b capabilities: ethernet physical
  wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=airo_cs multicast=yes
  wireless=IEEE 802.11-DS

For the Linksys WPC54G:

  *-network UNCLAIMED description: Network controller product: ACX 111 54Mbps Wireless Interface vendor: Texas Instruments physical id: 1 bus
  info: pci@0000:03:00.0 version: 00 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz
  capabilities: pm cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources:
  memory:28020000-28021fff memory:28000000-2801ffff

So we use the AIR-PCM, ifconfig gives only a link on eth0, not on eth1:

    eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr
    xx:xx:xx:xx inet addr:192.168.2.111 Bcast:192.168.2.255
    Mask:255.255.255.0

So we now know the AIR-PCM is being recognized and bound to the driver airo_cs but is not assigned to an ip address.

Access the network-manager icon in the upper right corner, hopefully you can see wireless networks to which you can connect. If not, run nm-connection-editor and try to setup eth1.


Unable to Replace GRUB Bootloader with Windows 10 Bootloader from Windows 10 installation USB

First download bootsect.exe into the Download directory.

press the windows key, type cmd.exe and on the result (The command prompt) start it as an "Administrator" by right clicking on the cmd icon, and select Run as Administrator.

In the new cmd.exe window, cd to your download directory. for example cd C:\Users\Lalu Patel\Downloads. _assuming your user name is "Lalu Patel".

Then enter this command. bootsect.exe /nt60 ALL /force /mbr. Restart your system to see that, Windows is automatically loading without grub.

Then in Windows

Open the Control Panel (All Items view), and click on the Administrative Tools icon. then close the Control Panel window
Click on Computer Management in Administrative Tools, then close the Administrative Tools window.
In the left pane under Storage, click on Disk Management. see this.
Select the the partition with unknown type. it is the Ubuntu partition. Right Click -> Delete partition.
Now the former Ubuntu partition becomes an unallocated space.
Select the left partition of the new unallocated space.
Right click on the partition -> click on Extend Volume.
Click on the Next button.

Type in how many MB (1 GB = 1024 MB) you want to use from the unallocated space to extend the selected partition (step 5) into, then click on the Next button.see this.

Note: If you want to use all of the unallocated space to extend into, then type in the maximum available space shown for the unallocated space.

Click on the Finish button. You're done.

Source: bootsect, disk management


Why can't I mount my WD My Passport USB drive?

I got the same device running fine on Ubuntu 12.04 64 bit.
You may try to re-partition/format the device with an other file-system (mine is using ext3 /w TrueCrypt).


You can install ri (Ruby Information at your fingertips) for ruby 1.8 with the following command:

sudo apt-get install ri1.8


How to fix duplicate wireless taskbar display?

Right-clicking the left wireless icon (4-bars signal strength icon) shows network connections, whereas right-clicking the right wireless icon (same icon design) shows Indicator Applet / Panel settings. Thus, according to #lubuntu's wxl on Freenode, the left is the nm-applet (Network Manager applet) whereas the right is the Indicator applet. So there is no bug, merely a counter-intuitive design for lxde.


There is an open bug for this issue:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/openvpn/+bug/1211110


Open .bashrc file and edit those two lines you added. Remove the double quotes and add single quotes

alias android-connect='mtpfs -o allow_other /media/GalaxyNexus'
alias android-disconnect='fusermount -u /media/GalaxyNexus'

After editing try to source the .bashrc file.


How can I disable Ctrl+Alt+F10 on 14.04/Gnome/Compiz

Try deleting the entry from Keyboard shortcuts under settings.
It can be changed using the command gsettings. Also, you can download dconf-editor to change the configurations.


How to enable screen sharing when using networkd in netplan in Ubuntu 18.04.3?

Well, I was not able to figure out how to get screen sharing to work with networkd as the renderer, but I did figure how to get it working with NetworkManager.  I was able to get the bond configured using nmtui.  I followed the instructions here.  But even with a properly configured bond, it would only work if the original 1GbE port was not active. Otherwise, Gnome settings would not let me choose the new bond for sharing.  To overcome this, I used a method described here:

nmcli c mod eno1 ipv4.never-default true
nmcli c mod eno1 ipv6.never-default true
nmcli c down eno1; nmcli c up eno1

I have verified with a couple of reboots.


All sounds that come out of wine are distorted with buffer underruns

Installing WineTricks solves sound issues a lot of times, also you can install PlayOnLinux.  Both are available in the software center or you could search dotdeb.com for a similar program.


Maple 2016.2 leaves these files each time it is started.


Is there a simple GUI-based program available to join/combine mp3 files?

If you know h to use the commandline, then this seems to be an easy solution:

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/oneiric/man1/qmp3join.1.html

The necessary packages are available here (though I haven't tried them out):

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/oneiric/+package/quelcom


You have to run the fsck with sudo : sudo fsck /dev/sdb5
since normal users don't have the rights for this.


Choppy/unresponsive keyboard and mouse pointer until suspend

The way I temporarily solved the problems was to switch the keyboard and mouse back to the screen USB hub and restart the computer, after which the problem was gone. If anyone else should happen to run across a more elegant solution, however, they're welcome to give another answer. This is mostly just here for anyone who runs into the same problem and wants a quick fix.


As we discussed above... Pull down the network menu and select Connection Information. Note what driver is being used for your USB wireless adapter. Short answer... adding the driver to the file /etc/modules will load the driver at boot time, and the device should be known.

What was the driver name that you added?

Glad it worked for you!

Cheers, Al


OK I found the setting that solves the problem, it is to check the CUDA-Double precision box in the PowerMizer entry of the nvidia-settings tool. I get about 3x better DP performance using CUBLAS. I reach 1.2 TFlop/s using a modified version of the CUDA sample matrixMulCUBLAS that uses DGEMM and therefore the issue is resolved.


How can I create launchers on my desktop?

Note: gnome-desktop-item-edit was removed from gnome-panel in 19.10 (see gnome-desktop-item-edit: command not found on Ubuntu 19.10 and later even with the 'gnome-panel' package installed). So, this answer is unlikely to work for 19.10 and later.

The old GUI dialog is still available if you still want to use this:
Using ALT+F2 type
gnome-desktop-item-edit --create-new ~/Desktop

This will launch the old GUI Dialog and create a launcher on your Desktop:

Prerequisites
gnome-desktop-item-edit is installed automatically if you have installed gnome-shell/gnome-fallback.  It is also installed automatically if you have previously installed gnome-tweak-tool.
Alternatively, you can install the old gnome-panel without much of the bulk:
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends gnome-panel

You can later move the MyLauncher.Desktop file from ~/Desktop to ~/.local/share/applications/ to make it appear in all applications dashboards, or to /usr/local/share/applications to make it available to all users (Thanks to @JonBently's comment).


Shotwell refusing to publish more than one photo at a time

Does this reproduce every time?

This is the first time I've heard of this issue.  Could you do us a huge favor and file a ticket on this?
http://trac.yorba.org/newticket

Also, we have a wiki page on how you can collect data for us that would help solve this bug.
http://trac.yorba.org/wiki/Shotwell/FAQ#IfoundabuginShotwell.HowcanIreportit

Thanks!


I have solved this issue by changing the ownership of .Xauthority.

sudo chown user:user ~/.Xauthority

Change user with your username. Or you can just delete .Xauthority using nautilus if you can login to graphical session (you can install other display manager such as GDM to login, the problem lies in LightDM), or you can delete it via terminal (CTRL+ALT+F1).

rm ~/.Xauthority


How to configure VSFTPD for LAN-only access, and restrict the access to a single directory

LAN-Only Access

This is best done with firewall rules. We will use ufw the uncomplicated firewall for this.

First we check the status of ufw

sudo ufw status

If you see Status: inactive then use the following command to enable ufw:

sudo ufw enable

As described in the link below we will allow ports 20 and 21 for the basic VSFTPD access. We will not use the simple ufw rule like:

sudo ufw allow ftp

as this will allow access from everywhere. To allow LAN-Only access we will use advance syntax:

sudo ufw allow  from 192.168.0.0/24 to any port 20 proto tcp
sudo ufw allow  from 192.168.0.0/24 to any port 21 proto tcp

The from 192.168.0.0/24 is the LAN-Only part. Yours may be different. Some home routers assign IP addresses in the range 192.168.0.x, and others in the range 192.168.1.x, where x is between 2-255. The /24 subnet mask says any value of x in that range is allowed.

The to any means any IP address assigned to this computer is okay. Since this computer is not acting as a router, this setting is okay.

The port 20 (or 21) is the port this rule opens.

The proto tcp is the only tcp protocol (not the udp protocol) can be used.

If we want to add the ports 990, and 40,000 to 50,000 ports to the firewall as in the tutorial below, we can use one command to do that:

sudo ufw allow  from 192.168.0.0/24 to any port 990,40000:50000 proto tcp

A Note about IPv6

I don't know enough about IPv6 local addresses and subnet masks to write an answer that includes IPv6 ufw rules. Without any Ipv6 allow rules any attempt to use IPv6 addresses to access the ftp site will be denied.

The answers to this question suggests there may not be an easy solution for IPv6: How do I allow local IPv6 subnets in ufw?

For what it is worth, the following allow rule syntax (based on an answer to the above question) is accepted by ufw:

sudo ufw allow  from fe80::/64 to any port 21 proto tcp

This should allow ftp access from the link-local IPv6 range that start with fe80.

Restrict user to a single directory

This is very well described in the Digital Ocean Tutorial. The main steps are reproduced below:

In this example the username is sammy. The basic concept is the user sammy must not have write access to the base directory of the user-accessible directory. Create the ftp folder, set its ownership, and be sure to remove write permissions with the following commands:

sudo mkdir /home/sammy/ftp
sudo chown nobody:nogroup /home/sammy/ftp
sudo chmod a-w /home/sammy/ftp

Next, we create the directory where files can be uploaded and assign ownership to the user:

sudo mkdir /home/sammy/ftp/files
sudo chown sammy:sammy /home/sammy/ftp/files

Next we edit the VSFTPD configuration file in nano:

sudo nano /etc/vsftpd.conf

and make the following changes / additions:

. . .
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
. . .
write_enable=YES
. . .
chroot_local_user=YES
. . .
user_sub_token=$USER
local_root=/home/$USER/ftp
. . .

When we are done making the change, save and exit the file.

Then, we create and add our user to the file. We’ll use the -a flag to append to file:

echo "sammy" | sudo tee -a /etc/vsftpd.userlist

Funally we restart the daemon to load the configuration changes:

sudo systemctl restart vsftpd

Hope this helps


Yes, VirtualBox will play videos just fine, and quality should be good as long as the guest additions are installed.


SSD crashed with error no boot device fount

It seems like the same issue I had on my Vaio SVS with UEFI.

Go to BIOS and set it on Legacy mode, turn off Secure Boot.
Try to boot normaly to GRUB. If not working, boot the Live CD open Gparted Partition Editor. Check your disks and partitions for errors, check where the Windows boot flag is.

Where are you trying to install GRUB? /sda and /sdb?

Week ago I had same problem with RAID0 dual boot and Windows. I could not install Grub on /dev/sda neither on /sdb, so I ran Grub Boot Repair and installed it on the same partition where Ubuntu was. (Volume0...) That fixed the problem with booting Ubuntu.

Try it and report back.


Getting an "Authentication token manipulation" error when trying to change my user password

Do these two things just to make sure:

mount -o remount,rw /

This first part remounts the root partition as read/write since it was only in read mode. It actually dismounts the root partition and then mounts it again as read/write.

Then do this:

chmod 640 /etc/shadow

Then do the sudo passwd USER. It should work after that. This part gives the correct permissions to the shadow file.


QtCreator scroll jumps after mouse click

From https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-59764

The problem is somehow related to the Logitech G300 mouse.

Same: https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=97510

G300 is two devices: mouse and keyboard. Looks like the keyboard events confuse the input system.

Workaround that fixes scrolling, but disables most of additional buttons (depending on how they are programmed):

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "Ignore keyboard mouse device"
    MatchIsKeyboard "on"
    MatchProduct "Logitech Gaming Mouse G300"
    Option "Ignore" "on"
EndSection


This will work

sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer


Can't install Clockworkmod Tether offline

Go to the folder where you extracted the files, follow the directions in node/README.md. Copied here for clarity, just the parts that apply to Ubuntu:

### To build:

Prerequisites:

    * Python 2.6 or 2.7
    * GNU Make 3.81 or newer

Unix/Macintosh:

    ./configure
    make
    make install

### To run the tests:

Unix/Macintosh:

    make test

### To build the documentation:

    make doc

### To read the documentation:

    man doc/node.1

You can check Python and Make by running these commands:

python --version
make --version


Wifi not working in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS on an Alienware 17 R4

Here is how you could get your Alienware 17 working on Ubuntu:

Connect the machine to Internet using a LAN cable.
Change these after entering BIOS setup

Set boot mode to Legacy
Bring up the priority of the USB drive above hard disk in boot device list.
Save and restart.

Install Ubuntu from a USB stick.
After booting to newly installed Ubuntu –

Install Wifi

Open Terminal
sudo apt-get upgrade
yeah that’s it. Atheros Qualcomm Killer Wifi driver would now be installed.
Restart the system, look for Wifi icon in status bar to verify.

Install NVidia GeForce Graphics card driver

Open Terminal
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-358 nvidia-settings  ( nvidia-358 was the latest version when I installed. Please find the current version from here )
Restart, verify if “GeForce GTX ** ” is shown as the Graphics card in “About This Computer” dialog.

Fix issue with headphones not working –

Open Terminal
alsamixer
Press F6
Select “HDA Intel PCH” card
Press right arrow till the Item shown is “HP/Speaker Auto Detect”
Press M to set it on.
Connect headphones and verify if it works.

Your Linuxed Alienware should now be up with sound, graphics and Wifi and Bluetooth working without issues.

References:

http://www.codemarvels.com/2016/02/installing-ubuntu-on-alienware-17-r2/
https://github.com/stormhart/dev-journal/wiki/Alienware-17-R4:-Dual-Boot-Windows-10---Ubuntu-16.04


I think it's safe to remove the archives files. So if you want to free up disk space this are my recommendations:

To delete downloaded packages (.deb) already installed (and no longer needed)

sudo apt-get clean

To remove all stored archives in your cache for packages that can not be downloaded anymore (thus packages that are no longer in the repository or that have a newer version in the repository).

sudo apt-get autoclean

To remove unnecessary packages (After uninstalling an app there could be packages you don't need anymore).

sudo apt-get autoremove

To delete old kernel versions

sudo apt-get remove --purge linux-image-X.X.XX-XX-generic

If you don't know which kernel version to remove

dpkg --get-selections | grep linux-image

Source: Limpiando Ubuntu: comandos y programas (actualización) & How do I free up disk space?


You can try running dconf-editor and setting the value of org/gnome/desktop/application/sound to ubuntu.
Like in the following screenshot:

Worked for me when I had the same problem.


upgrade ubuntu 12.04 to ubuntu 12.10 (lower graphics mode)

I have Ubuntu 12.10 and was getting the same error, so I found this thread and only run:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg
sudo reboot

For now this was my solution, hope this help.
Thanks!


Let Xorg listen on TCP, but only to localhost?

Looks like a workaround would be the use of socat. Here is a command line which seems to work, if the X server does not already run on TCP:

socat -d -d TCP-LISTEN:6000,fork,bind=localhost UNIX-CONNECT:/tmp/.X11-unix/X0

Then I can do

xlogo -display localhost:0

Strangely, it does not seem to work if I let it listen on 6001 and then specify the display localhost:1 instead of localhost:0 - I get No protocol specified.
Seems I'll have to read the X protocol again. (And over JSch it then quits with Invalid MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 key, but this is another problem.)


Install Windows 8 on a separate partition, then boot to Linux and update grub.  You'll then have Windows 8 added to the boot option.

$ update-grub

Updating grub will add all OS installations to the list.

Update:

I thought this was kind of elementary because this pop up all the time:
RecoveringUbuntuAfterInstallingWindows:

Boot to your Live Ubuntu CD
Install and run Boot-Repair
Click "Recommended Repair"
Now reboot your system.

I was initially more focus on the part where it's standard to have multiple boots.  If you have 10 partitions you can actually have an OS on each and updating grub will automatically add each to the boot menu.  YOu can even include USB drives or pen drives as some of those partitions.


Connect Ubuntu to Internet using Android phone (tethering)

I have tested the following guide: http://www.scaine.net/site/2013/10/ubuntu-to-android-tethering-over-bluetooth/ (archived here) and it works like a charm. Here are the steps:

Phone: make sure that you have enabled data services in the phone and that you can connect to Internet from the browser installed in the phone.
Phone: switch on the Bluetooth, make sure that the phone is visible and enable Bluetooth-Tethering in Tethering & Mobile Hotspot menu.
PC: switch on the Bluetooth (you can search for Bluetooth in Ubuntu launchpad) and add your device. Ubuntu will now set-up the device.

Both Ubuntu and the phone may ask for PIN - one device will display the PIN and you need to enter the same digits on the other device.

PC: your phone shall now be visible in Network Manager - click the small network icon and you should see your phone on the list. When you click the phone name Ubuntu will connect to Internet via the phone.

Voilà, you're now connected to the Internet. For details and screenshots please refer to the original blog post.


fatal error: linux/err.h: No such file or directory

I think the package you want is linux-libc-dev . I encountered this when building 32-on-64; so I needed linux-libc-dev:i386.

Try running the following in a new Terminal window :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-libc-dev linux-headers-generic


I've tested all solution, provided within the references below, to process and clean the output file of the command script from special characters.

On my Ubuntu 16.04, only the following solution provides a satisfactory result:

perl -pe 's/\e([^\[\]]|\[.*?[a-zA-Z]|\].*?\a)//g' typescript | col -b > typescript.new

Or you can pipe the output directly to the upload client program:

perl -pe 's/\e([^\[\]]|\[.*?[a-zA-Z]|\].*?\a)//g' typescript | col -b | pastebinit

The above command works with pastebinit, so install it:

sudo apt install pastebinit

References:

The main source of the answer
Remove color codes (special characters) with sed
How to strip color codes out of stdout and pipe to file and stdout
Removing ANSI color codes from text stream
Removing control chars (including console codes / colours) from script output
How to set locale in the current terminal's session?

Create a 'script to pastebin' custom command - spaste

I would suggest to create a custom command, based on the above solution. Let's name it spaste.

1. Create executable script file, called spaste, that is located in /usr/local/bin to be accessible as shell command:

sudo touch /usr/local/bin/spaste
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/spaste
sudo nano /usr/local/bin/spaste

Copy the script below. And in nano: paste Shift Ins; save CtrlO Enter; exit CtrlX.

#!/bin/bash
# Name: spaste
# Location: /usr/local/bin
#export LC_ALL=C

# If the first input parameter is option - see: script --help; or type `script --help`
[[ "${1}" =~ -.* ]] && TARGET_FILE="$2" || TARGET_FILE="$1"

# If the variable $TARGET_FILE is empty, use the default output file name
[[ -z "${TARGET_FILE}" ]] && TARGET_FILE="typescript"

# The main function - Remove color codes, etc.
script_remove_extras() {
        script "$@"
        perl -pe 's/\e([^\[\]]|\[.*?[a-zA-Z]|\].*?\a)//g' "$TARGET_FILE" | col -b > "/tmp/$USER-cpaste-$TARGET_FILE.tmp"
        cp "/tmp/$USER-cpaste-$TARGET_FILE.tmp" "$TARGET_FILE"
}

# Upload to 'pastebinit'
upload_pastebinit() { pastebinit < "$TARGET_FILE"; }

# GUI mode with 'chromium' or 'firefox'; CLI mode with 'lynx'; Just upload with 'pastebinit'; Just clear the outputfile
if   [ "$SPASTE_MODE" == "chromium" ]; then
        script_remove_extras "$@"; nohup chromium-browser "$(upload_pastebinit)" >/dev/null 2>&1 &
elif [ "$SPASTE_MODE" == "firefox" ]; then
        script_remove_extras "$@"; nohup firefox "$(upload_pastebinit)" >/dev/null 2>&1 &
elif [ "$SPASTE_MODE" == "lynx" ]; then
        script_remove_extras "$@"; lynx "$(upload_pastebinit)"
elif [ "$SPASTE_MODE" == "upload" ]; then
        script_remove_extras "$@"; upload_pastebinit
else
        script_remove_extras "$@"
fi

2. Explanation:

When you execute the new command spaste it will call the command script and will assign to it the user's input parameters. So the call syntax is the same as the command script - see script --help or type spaste --help for more details:

Usage:
 spaste (script) [options] [file]

Make a typescript of a terminal session.

Options:
 -a, --append            append the output
 -c, --command <command> run command rather than interactive shell
 -e, --return            return exit code of the child process
 -f, --flush             run flush after each write
     --force             use output file even when it is a link
 -q, --quiet             be quiet
 -t, --timing[=<file>]   output timing data to stderr (or to FILE)
 -V, --version           output version information and exit
 -h, --help              display this help and exit

When you type exit to exit from the session of the script command, spaste will process the output file of script to the command pastebinit.
In result pastebinit will return a link to the uploaded content of the script's output file.
The new command spaste has few different modes how to handle the link returned by pastebinit. These modes could be switched by export of the variable $SPASTE_MODE with different values before the execution of the command spaste:

$ export SPASTE_MODE=
$ spaste

The available modes are:

SPASTE_MODE=chromium - will open the returned link in Chromium.
SPASTE_MODE=firefox - will open the returned link in FireFox.
SPASTE_MODE=lynx  - will open the returned link Lynx (terminal browser).
SPASTE_MODE=upload  - just will output the returned link.
SPASTE_MODE= - will not return a link; just will process the content of the output file.

You could export your favourite mode from the ~/.bashrc file, for example add to its bottom the following line:

export SPASTE_MODE=firefox

3. Demonstration of usage:


sudo is just a way to become root, similar to login and su. Everyone who can run passwd as root can change root's password, there's nothing special about sudo.


MythVideo no longer needs Video Manager to edit metadata and scan for changes, this can be done from any of the MythVideo screens by hitting M then Scan for changes. See MythVideo - Scanning for videos


The only experience I have with Orca is on Ubuntu 12.04, so I hope it has not changed much from earlier versions. " it just screams random things at me when opening windows.." agreed with my first experience of the program, but eventually I realized that it really is helpful.

It is intended primarily for folk with less than perfect vision. So it will very cleverly tell the user when the cursor is traversing a button, a link and so on, as well as read textual material -this is the origin of the words you hear which are NOT printed on the page. This serves to help orientate the user 'on the page', so they get some help navigating.

The voice is a huge turn off but you can improve it by selecting better settings in the preferences. When you run Orca from the menu, a small popup window appears on the screen. The left-most tab is Preferences, so click on that. Then a larger popup appears and you should select the Voice tab. About half way down the page are two sliders.

One is labelled 'Rate'. Slide that left so that the value changes to 30.  That slows down the speed of the speech.  Below that slider is another one labelled 'Pitch'. Slide that left until the value is around 4.0. That lowers the pitch of the voice so that it does not grate on the ears quite so much.  We're all different so it really is up to the user to find the settings which suits the ear best, volume included.

I do not doubt that with experience of the voice, the user will eventually want to speed up the voice to faster reading speeds but initially, understandability has to be the prime consideration.

I copied some text into a text editor. The reader announces the name of the document. I determined that the reader will read chunks of text highlighted by use of the mouse: the only thing to watch out for is that the reader says 'selected' after the end of of the selected text is reached. This would be of use to someone who can not see what is happening on screen, as is the title announcement.

This is a good piece of software, tailored to those with a specific need but I see no reason why it could not be used in the manner you describe: those two adjustments with other setting left default should help.  I wish you every success: good luck!!


Rename the files as they are extracted from the zip file as the name of the zip file itself

I don't think 7z has a way to rename files while extracting (like, say, tar does). You can, instead, extract to a folder, and rename everything in that folder to match the filename:

#! /bin/bash

for i in *.zip;
do
    echo $i # For debugging
    filename="${i%.*}"  # get filename without .zip
    (
        7z x -o"$filename" "$i"; # extract to directory named after zip file
         cd "$filename"
         shopt -s globstar
         for i in "$filename"/**; do
             # move everything in directory to parent folder with new name
             [[ -f $i ]] || continue # only files
             mv "${i}" ../"${filename}.${i##*.}"  # but keep extension
         done
         cd ..; rm -r "$filename" # cleanup
     )&
done


Subwoofer and Bang&Olufsen speakers not working in HP envy 14-j107tx

After clicking through a bunch of links I found a solution that worked for me (HP Pavilion with Ubuntu 20.04, bass speaker was not working). The following answer is copied verbatim from https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+bug/1648183. I'm copying it here since this link showed up first when I searched. I'm intentionally leaving in the usernames since I am not the one who solved this problem:

Robert Joynt (robertjjoynt) wrote on 2017-05-17:
I've managed to fix this problem on my machine (HP Omen 15 running Ubuntu 17.04 using codec for Realtek ALC295 sound device). To fix the problem, I can do the following:
Install alsa-tools if not installed:
sudo apt install alsa-tools

Create and save a script in /usr/local/bin:
#!/bin/bash
hda-verb /dev/snd/hwC0D0 0x20 SET_COEF_INDEX 0x67
hda-verb /dev/snd/hwC0D0 0x20 SET_PROC_COEF 0x3000

Run the script as root in a terminal to immediately fix the problem.
To run the script on startup, use cron with the @reboot command:
sudo crontab -e

and then add line in crontab:
@reboot [full path to script]

To run script on resume from suspend, copy the script to /lib/systemd/system-sleep
For more technical details regarding this fix, see https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=195457


weird character appeaaring when connecting another server over ssh on ubuntu 16.04 LTS

This is caused by someone setting up iTerm2 shell integration as per http://www.iterm2.com/documentation-shell-integration.html.

Check to see if .iterm2_shell_integration.bash is being sourced by .bash_profile. This just happened to me logging into a Ubuntu server, I fixed it by removing ~/.iterm2_shell_integration.bash.

Also noted here: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/292042/how-to-fix-shell-prompt-ps1-after-remote-login


How do I enable mouse momentum after release in kde/gnome/unity?

If you have a Synaptics touchpad, the relevant settings are CoastingSpeed and CoastingFriction. My settings are:

# synclient -l
...
CoastingSpeed           = 20
CoastingFriction        = 50

Try it out with

synclient CoastingSpeed=20 CoastingFriction=50

Adjust the values till you find it comfortable.
Look at How do I make my synclient settings stick? for instructions on making the seetings permanent.


Ultimately it is going to be your choice whether you wan't to use the PPA. The LP user in question does not seem to be a member of any teams but honestly I see little value in someone going through all the time of creating a PPA, Signing the CoC and packaging MySQL just to try and distribute something other than what it purports to be.

You could download the official MySQL 5.5 release and grab the PPA's package take them apart and do checksum.


BIOS
Lenovo Legion 5-15IMH05
You have BIOS version EFCN38WW.
There's a newer BIOS available, version EFCN39WW, from 14 Sep 2020, and can be downloaded here.
Note: Verify that I have the correct web page for your model #.
Note: Have good backups before updating the BIOS.
initramfs
Boot to Recovery Mode (newest kernel), Root Access, and use this command to take care of the decoding error:
sudo update-initramfs -c -k $(uname -r)
Nvidia
First, in Software & Updates, Additional Drivers tab, confirm that the nouveau video driver is selected.
Then purge all of the old Nvidia stuff with:
sudo apt-get purge *nvidia*
reboot # (reboot normally)
The current Nvidia driver for your GTX 1650 is version 450.80, and can be downloaded here or here.
Then install the 450.80 version and reboot. Verify Software & Updates, Additional Drivers tab.
Update #1:
Reinstall Ubuntu.


File explorer not opening after upgrade to 12.04 and other issues

All your files are there, they are just not visible on the desktop. They will be in ~/Desktop but since you can't open the file manager, you obviously can't find them. Try creating another user and logging in fresh with the new user. Set the new user up as ADMIN if possible so that you can gain access to the old profile and see your files. Then what you may want to do after your calm after you've confirmed that your files are still there, is repair your profile, so that everything works and you can use the filemanager and enable DESKTOP icons again. You might have to delete your .config folder and let ubuntu recreate it.


Bit copy of encrypted home and other partitions

What do you want to take a backup of - just your /home or everything?

Your /home is on /dev/sda6, everything else is on /dev/sda5. We don't know where you've stored what, so if you're unsure copy both of them. If you're absolutely certain everything went into your home folder then backup just /dev/sda6.


After 11.10 > 12.04 upgrade on Thinkpad W520 - mouse input broken

Probably your best option would be to go to your system preferences, then go to "Additional Drivers" and installing the correct driver.


Ubuntu is not detecting previous OS partitions

Both the Ubuntu installer and GParted use the libparted library from the parted project for partitioning.

In order for the Ubuntu installer and GParted to correctly see the partition table, the partition table must be fixed.

This means that you will need to decide whether you are using an GPT or an MSDOS partition table.

To view MSDOS partition table entries use:

sudo fdisk /dev/sda

where /dev/sda is the device name of your 2 TB disk.

To view GUID partition table entries use:

sudo gdisk -l /dev/sda

where /dev/sda is the device name of your 2 TB disk.


Bring up the unity Dash and type Displays. Click on the icon for Displays and you should be able to choose your display from there.


Recovering data from a laptop that cannot boot

You must first copy the files to an external storage media first.

Boot a live CD/DVD/USB of Linux Mint. You can create a live DVD/CD by burning the iso using Brasero (if using Linux) or WinISO (if using Windows). For making bootable USB you can use UnetBootin (on Linux) or dd cloning (also on Linux) or Universal USB Installer (on Windows).
After you have succesfully booted into a live system, plug another external storage (HDD or USB). Next, mount the internal HDD's partitions and copy the required data to external HDD or USB.
Now you can install the Operating System on the machine.


How to use Bluetooth conference speaker/mic as input?

Try PulseAudio settings maybe you will get it listed there
sudo apt install pavucontrol

open pusleaudio volume control application then navigate to input devices -> port


Answering your questions,
Rsnapshot, duplicity, attic, bup, rsync, tar are good tools.

Regarding rdiff-backup allowing uploading to an sftp server. It can upload via ssh. You need a bit more than just sftp access. From the documentation,

rdiff-backup /some/local-dir hostname.net::/whatever/remote-dir

Where hostname.net is the remote server.

Now, some questions you should ask yourself when doing this.

Is this for an online backup or an offline backup?
do you need incremental backups?
do you need encryption?
If you have things like databases, how will they behave while you're taking a snapshot? Should you create a dump before the actual backup?
Is there value to data that's on RAM? Do you need to force anything to write to disk?

The more information you provide, the better we can help you.


Repository
A software repository contains software packages. When you search via the Software Centre or use a tool like apt or apt-get you are shown a list of all the packages within the repositories available to your system.
A software repository can store its files on one server or across many different servers known as mirrors.
Package
A package refers to a compressed file archive containing all of the files that come with a particular application.
The files are usually stored in the package according to their relative installation paths on your system. Most packages also contain installation instructions for the OS, as well as a list of any other packages that are dependencies (prerequisites required for installation.


It seems like the syntax needs to be ntfsundelete [options] device. So your example should look like this:

sudo ntfsundelete -v -S 300m-20g -p 100 -o /mnt/bigboy/ntfsundelete/ /dev/sda1

This worked for me, although I didn't specify the output -o. I just let it dump the data to the directory I was currently in.


"Hash sum mismatch" on trying to install Kile

This should fix it: http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=11593258&postcount=2.

From the post above:

  Remove the files with

sudo rm -R /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/*

  then run

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

If it doesn't work, try this:

sudo rm -rf `find /var/lib/apt/lists/ | grep -v gpg`

EDIT: Okay, try this:

sudo fuser -vvv /var/lib/dpkg/lock
sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/lock
sudo cp -arf /var/lib/dpkg /var/lib/dpkg.backup
sudo cp /var/lib/dpkg/status-old /var/lib/dpkg/status
sudo cp /var/lib/dpkg/available-old /var/lib/dpkg/available
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/updates/*
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists
sudo rm /var/cache/apt/*.bin
sudo mkdir /var/lib/apt/lists
sudo mkdir /var/lib/apt/lists/partial
LANG=C;sudo apt-get clean
LANG=C;sudo apt-get autoclean
LANG=C;sudo apt-get --purge autoremove
LANG=C;sudo apt-get update -o APT::Cache-Limit=25165824
sudo dpkg --clear-avail
sudo dpkg --configure -a
LANG=C;sudo apt-get -f install
LANG=C;sudo apt-get --fix-missing install
LANG=C;sudo apt-get update -o APT::Cache-Limit=25165824 && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

(from https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/update-manager/+question/194077)


startup is the event that upstart emits itself at the very beginning of its execution. For most services, this is far too early. Things you might not have at this time:

networking to lookup host names in DNS or avahi (you might not have this anyway, if its a mobile system you can never count on this, but for servers, things are different)
a filesystem to writeto (it is not writable until later after it has been checked)
/usr to read python from! (sometimes /usr is on a separate partition).

shutdown is actually not an event at all, though thats actually been discussed as one to use for future versions.

Right now, your best bet is to stick to the old unix way and use runlevels to control when to start and stop.

start on runlevel [2345]
stop on runlevel [^2345]

Run levels are the old unix way of identifying what state the system is in. [2345] is just a set of all the runlevels that are used for "multiple user" mode, which even on a laptop means normal working system. If you use this, you can count on things like the filesystem, and any static networking to be up. 99% of all upstart jobs should use these two start/stop conditions.

With the stop on, if the system enters any runlevel that is not 2,3,4, or 5, upstart will stop the service. The runlevel 0 is for halt, and 1 is for "system maintenance mode". 6 is for rebot.

Eventually we will add better names for these abstractions, but these will always work.

Also, you do not need script or end script there. The exec keyword will simply exec your program directly. This will shave a few milliseconds of time because you won't have to execute /bin/sh and parse the exec ... line, since upstart will have already parsed the job file.


How do i make my multimedia keys work with Lubuntu 18.04?

I had the same issue on a Dell keyboard and on an Asus netbook (yup, old stuff), and editing the file ~/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml like suggested in the following page helped.

https://www.queryxchange.com/q/3_610786/volume-hot-key-not-working-in-lubuntu/

<!-- Keybinding for Volume management -->
<keybind key="XF86AudioRaiseVolume">
<action name="Execute">
<command>amixer -D pulse sset Master 3%+</command>
</action>
</keybind>
<keybind key="XF86AudioLowerVolume">
<action name="Execute">
<command>amixer -D pulse sset Master 3%-</command>
</action>
</keybind>
<keybind key="XF86AudioMute">
<action name="Execute">
<command>amixer -D pulse sset Master 0%</command>
</action>
</keybind>

After that, used the command openbox --reconfigure in the terminal and both keyboards are working fine now.


First go to terminal
Next type in sudo apt install hwinfo
After its installed type in hwinfo
Find "Hardware Class:Sound"
When you find it check if the driver is active
Finally use modprone command in my computer is "modprone snd_hda_intel"
The hwinfo should look like this:

19: PCI 14.2: 0403 Audio device
  [Created at pci.378]
  Unique ID: 5Dex.uwrfjAf9Rl0
  SysFS ID: /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.2
  SysFS BusID: 0000:00:14.2
  Hardware Class: sound
  Model: "ATI SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA)"
  Vendor: pci 0x1002 "ATI Technologies Inc"
  Device: pci 0x4383 "SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA)"
  SubVendor: pci 0x103c "Hewlett-Packard Company"
  SubDevice: pci 0x2ab7
  Driver: "snd_hda_intel"
  Driver Modules: "snd_hda_intel"
  Memory Range: 0xfe8f0000-0xfe8f3fff (rw,non-prefetchable)
  IRQ: 16 (3729 events)
  Module Alias: "pci:v00001002d00004383sv0000103Csd00002AB7bc04sc03i00"
  Driver Info #0:
    Driver Status: snd_hda_intel is active
    Driver Activation Cmd: "modprobe snd_hda_intel"
  Config Status: cfg=new, avail=yes, need=no, active=unknown


Are you using any add-ons? Do you see the same behaviour if you

close firefox
press Alt + F2 to launch the Application Launcher
launch clean firefox by typing firefox -safe-mode and pressing Enter?


Try:

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

More info here:
Why use apt-get upgrade instead of apt-get dist-upgrade?


Unable to boot to Xubuntu 14.x after Thinkpad x230 BIOS Reset Defaults

It turns out that boot-repair repairs the grub files, local EFI files, and partitioning only. But what it doesn't do is actually change the UEFI firmware to add the new UEFI boot option, which was yanked out when I reset the BIOS to defaults. Thankfully I came across efibootmgr to do just that (which is used by boot-repair to outline the boot options).

Here's the command I used to restore the boot entry:

efibootmgr -c -d /dev/sda -p 1 -L "Ubuntu Main" -l "\efi\ubuntu\grubx64.efi"

-d /dev/sda -p 1 is equivalent to saying my /boot/efi partition is /dev/sda1
-L is just an arbitrary string you use to remember which boot option you just added
-l "\efi\ubuntu\grubx64.efi" is an actual file that links your boot option to your actual boot files.

Here's my file layout:

# ls -R /boot/efi/
/boot/efi/:
EFI

/boot/efi/EFI:
ubuntu

/boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu:
grub.cfg  grubx64.efi  MokManager.efi  shimx64.efi

Crisis avoided!


Only HDMI audio since installing Nvidia card: onboard audio device has disappeared

The cause of the problem was that the Onboard Audio was set to "Auto" in the BIOS: meaning when the BIOS detected the HDMI audio controller, it disabled Onboard Audio.

Setting Onboard Audio to "On" caused the Onboard Audio controller to reappear in Ubuntu alongside the HDMI Audio.


Those messages are created by apport, which logs more details in /var/log/apport.log. Checking there should at least give you an idea of what happened.

Generally speaking, ~/.xsession-errors is also a good source of information about recent application errors.


How to prevent Firefox to moves automatically from one workspace to active workspace when hit an URL on that active workspace

I found the solution.
In XFCE4 Desktop environment one must set the following for this:
in Applications menu:
Settings > Window Manager Tweaks > Focus >
When a window raises itself: Switch to windows workspace
This way the window stay in it's workspace when raises itself.


Unable to free diskspace by removing files and not restarting the computer (hibernation possible)

Follow these steps:

Find a drive, e.g. a USB stick, that has enough space for your data and plug it in
Get its device partition name using lsblk, I use /dev/sdb1 as an example here.
It your drive got automounted first unmount it with sudo umount /dev/sdb1, then mount it in /tmp using

sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /tmp

Save your data to /tmp
Unmount your drive using

sudo umount /dev/sdb1

Free space as explained in the links you provided.


Apache continually goes down (Ubuntu Server 20.04.2 LTS - Apache 2.4.41)

I fixed it by setting Apache to run as root:root instead of a "normal" user.


Error: "dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem"

It is called when packages are broken, or the package installation is interrupted.

You should run sudo dpkg --configure -a or its alternative apt-get -f install to solve this problem.


You cannot use G-Sync with a FreeSync display.  They are both different types of adaptive sync.  They are not compatible with each other.
If you want to use the G-Sync feature of your NVIDIA card, you will need a G-Sync enabled display.
FreeSync only works with a compatible FreeSync display and a compatible AMD GPU.


Flash with Chromium or Google Chrome broken on Ubuntu 19.04

Update 2019-05-29:
This is now fixed for Chromium via chromium-browser 74.0.3729.169-0ubuntu0.19.04.1.
(Not yet for Google Chrome, though.)

Yep, it's a known bug. Someone posted the Chromium fix for Ubuntu 19.04 finally.

First, let's get a clean slate:

sudo apt-get --purge remove chromium-browser
sudo apt-get --purge remove adobe-flashplugin

Do the following to find a list of all the pepper stuff and then get rid of it with apt-get --purge remove ___package-name___

sudo apt-cache search pepper | grep -i pepper | grep -i flash

Now, visit here with Firefox (since you don't have Chromium):

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/chromium-browser/74.0.3729.131-0ubuntu1

Look for Builds. Find one that fits your architecture. Mine for instance was AMD64. I clicked that. Now, from this list, you need to download two binary packages:

chromium-codecs-ffmpeg 74.0.3729.131-0ubuntu1
chromium-browser 74.0.3729.131-0ubuntu1

(Note when you click those links above on that web page, it will take you to a page that says "Downloadable files" and will have your deb file to download.)

Once both deb files are downloaded, use the dpkg command to install, starting with the ffmpeg file first:

sudo dpkg -i chromium-codecs-ffmpeg*
sudo dpkg -i chromium-browser*

Now go into your GUI-based Apt Package Manager and look for Software Sources. Click the Other Software tab. You'll see 2 items called Canonical Partners -- click the one that is not the Source Code version and click OK or Close to enable it.

Next, at command line, do:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install adobe-flashplugin

Now launch Chromium. When viewing a Flash component your first time on a given domain, Chromium will act kind of dumb and tell you that you need to install Flash. Click the link to install Flash. It won't actually install Flash. Instead, a security prompt will appear to ask if you want to enable Flash. Do so. The page will load your Flash component. You can go to this page to test if you have Flash installed. Note if you see a puzzle piece, click it, choose Enable Flash, and you should see flash content like an ad plus a "Version Information" box appear. That means you have flash enabled.

Here's something else to note. Adobe's newer flash test page is broken when viewed from Linux Chromium. It provides the wrong answer. Instead, use the older flash test page, click the puzzle piece, enable Flash, and you'll see Flash content appear if you have done these steps properly.


Is it unsafe if, under single user mode, root password can be reset?

You're right that runlevel 1 or "single user mode" can be used to reset the root password since it automatically logs in root.  In fact, it is very well documented:
  http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/How_to_reset_a_root_password

This is a basic part of the Linux operating system and is used in recovery scenarios only.  That's why one of the basic security measures to take is physically securing access to the box so that another user can't maliciously do that.

Also remember that there will be audit logs showing what happened, and, of course, your root password will be changed.  If you're worried about someone in your organization doing this, you need to lock your door.  (This is why server rooms are usually locked with a higher level of security than most places in the building.  Physical access = free reign)

A couple more thoughts if you're really SERIOUS about protecting your machine:

As stated earlier, lock down physical access to the box.
Use a BIOS password.
Use a utility similar to the now-defunct TruCrypt to encrypt your boot partition.


How to install an Edimax EW-7833UAC in 18.04

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install git dkms
git clone https://github.com/zebulon2/rtl8814au.git
cd rtl8814au

Open dkms.conf with your preferred text editor, e.g.

nano dkms.conf

Replace line 1 MAKE="'make'" with

MAKE="'make' all KVER=${kernelver}"

save the file and and exit your text editor, then

cd ..
sudo dkms add ./rtl8814au
sudo dkms install rtl8814au/4.3.21

and reboot.


This is a problem with the packages the oracle-java7-installer downloads. When packages are downloaded, they have whats called a checksum. A checksum is basically a unique string that is created by looking at the contents of the package. This is created when the package is uploaded to the repos, and then your computer creates its own checksum when it downloads the package. Your computer then verifies that your checksum matches the repo checksum and if they are different, it won't install the package.

I am guessing that it is an issue with the repo which would be fixed soon. In the meantime, you can disable updating of that particular package (called pinning or holding), so you can continue to install all of your other updates. The command to do this is:

sudo su
echo oracle-java7-installer hold | dpkg --set-selections

You should now be able to run updates normally, and updates for oracle-java7-installer will be ignored. When you want to unpin the package and try again at updating it, just simply re-install the package:

sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer

For more information on pinning: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PinningHowto


How to deny an ip address from connecting to my system?

You can use ufw as well, and IMO, it's much simpler.

To deny an IP address from any connections use:

sudo ufw deny from <ip_address> to any

Or to deny access to a specific port:

sudo ufw deny from <ip_address> to any port <some_port>

or you can specify protocol:

sudo ufw deny proto tcp from <ip_address> to any port <some_port>

(replacing tcp with either tcp or udp depending on what protocol you want)


Technologies extraction using URL of the website

I'd suggest that this is not really possible just with Ubuntu.

You can pull in data with a terminal browser like Lynx or a command like curl, but parsing it will be extremely time consuming.

This is the sort of thing you would need an extensive script to accomplish.  This would be a project of its own I think.

I've done some research, and similar questions have been asked before, but they are very few and far between.

You could use an online tool like https://builtwith.com to look up the details.

For example, it shows that techcrunch.com

Uses NGINX as a webserver
Uses SSL certs from Godaddy; Wordpress
Shows an SSL Redirect
Wordpress DNS
Uses Postmark; Sailthru; Google Apps for Business and has SPF setup
Is hosted by Wordpress.com
Uses Wordpress VIP as it's CMS
Uses a PHP interpreter
Has a ton of analytics; advertisers and tracking
Uses a lot of JS Libraries (all listed on the site) including things like jQuery and Backbone.js
Uses AOL On; Tube Mogul and TidalTV for media

There is a lot of information there, you'll have to read through it yourself, but it's a great tool.

Hope that helps!

Good luck :)

This may also be a duplicate question of https://stackoverflow.com/questions/396739/how-do-you-determine-what-technology-a-website-is-built-on

There are other online tools listed in the above question as well.


How to remove Traces of Previous Ubuntu Installation?

The configuration files are kept in files and directories starting with . (dot) in their name, hence you only have to move the files to another directory then restart your session. With simply opening a terminal then executing:

mv ~/.* ~/config.bk/`

After this restart or close your session and next time your configurations will be recreated with the defaults. Remember that this also remove other configurations and personalizations that where applied after your reinstalled your system, so you will need to reconfigure everything again.


Starting load fallback graphics devices [fail] - at the boot time

I had same problem. After upgrading the nvidia drivers, it solved it.

remove the existing nvidia driver :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia-current
updrage to the new driver: (follow this link)

http://news.softpedia.com/news/How-to-Install-The-Latest-Nvidia-Driver-on-Ubuntu-12-04-295542.shtml

Here are commands I followed.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current


How to change launcher icons according to Numix theme?

You're nearly there: open Unity Tweak Tool (get it if you don't already have it), click on 'Icons', and you should find Numix-circle.


Corrupted/Messed up icons on gnome-panel


extracting specific lines between first and second repated strings in text file

Could no doubt be more sophisticated, but with primitive python tools:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
# open/read file
f = open(sys.argv[1]).read()
# find first line, holding *  2019
first = f.find("*  2019")
# find second line, holding *  2019
nxt = f.find("*  2019", first + 1)
# print out text between the two
text = f[first:nxt].splitlines()[1:]
for l in text:
    print(l)

Copy the code into an empty file, save it as findsection.py
Run it by:

python3 /path/to/findsection.py <datafile>

Output (from first section):

....... data ......
....... data ......
....... data ......

Of course you could make it collect data from a whole dir, write to a new file etc, etc.


Why I can not install Ubuntu on my laptop?


Found this, but no answer. Tried:

sudo apt remove gnome-calendar

Logged out/in and annoying calendar was gone, along with popups and unused app-indicator.

This was the only package affected so if ever needed, can always reinstall.


I have kept on researching, and found 4 good web-ftp implementations:

AjaXplorer using following config: FTP
net2ftp
Web-FTP
phpWebFTP

All work great with apache2 (with https), and proftpd (used for it's great PAM integration and ease of use). However the last two are a bit old and their designs are not the prettiest. and net2ftp has a huge banner with its name as well as a "complicated" login screen, with many options that a simple user doesn't need. That's why I'm currently using AjaXplorer.

If perhaps anyone else got great web-ftp scripts for apache2, please recommend them!


Why is my Rubbish Bin Icon in Unity Launcher opening with Gwenview?

The problem may lie in this file: ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list.

You could back it up and then delete it. The file will be reconstituted as you open apps over time: "as you use the context menu or set new defaults the list will 'grow'".

More detailed information is in this Ubuntu Forums thread.

I had this problem when I upgraded 11.04 to 11.10 and clicking Trash in the Launcher opened Movie Player.


How do I assign the Output of a command as a Value of a variable?

If you want to get the output of a certain command as a string that should be assigned as value of a variable you need to use the command substitution builtin functionality:

#!/bin/bash
hname="$(hostname)"
echo "Hello, my server name is $hname"

Also you can use the old style of command substitution that is supported by bash (and dash/sh) and is the only one within some other shells:

#!/bin/bash
hname=`hostname`
echo "Hello, my server name is $hname"


How to make update-grub recognize zfs datasets as root in /etc/fstab and add minimal set of zfs options?

I created a patch available at https://code.launchpad.net/~krichter722/+junk/grub2_zfs_support_improvement. As long as it isn't integrated into the package (if it isn't refused). It should be possible to get the issue fixed with

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get build-dep grub-efi # after you set up sources in apt repositories
bzr branch lp:~krichter722/+junk/grub2_zfs_support_improvement
cd grub2_zfs_support_improvement
./autogen.sh
./configure --with-platform=efi
make
sudo make install
sudo mv /etc/grub.d/10_linux /etc/grub.d/10_linux.bk
sudo cp 10_linux /etc/grub.d/

and then you can run sudo update-grub as usual (an experimental version of grub will be installed!).


You can create a blank floppy image with the command:

mkfs.msdos -C /path/imagefile.img 1440

On some systems /mkfs.msdos is under /sbin directory.  Afterwards you can mount it as loopback device with command:

sudo mkdir /media/floppy1/
sudo mount -o loop /path/imagefile.img /media/floppy1/

To unmount, use the command

sudo umount /media/floppy1/

If you want to create an image from the physical floppy disk, use dd command (disclaimer - I didn't try the below as my floppy is gone!  but should work) (and assume that's 1.44MB type floppy disk... 1.2MB ones should have gone at the time of DOS 6.22 )

dd bs=512 count=2880 if=/dev/fda of=/path/imagefile.img

Reference: man page of mkfs.msdos; Create mount and copy floppy disks images under linux


In a nutshell Zeitgeist is an event log. It does not deal with files. It deals with events. It does NOT store the contents of the file. That is not the work of zeitgeist

What Zeitgeist does

Examples of events are

File opened/closed/deleted/saved
New voice call received/dialed
Committing a git/bzr repo
Opening a firefox page
Downloading a file
Starting an IM Chat
Music Play, Pause, Stop

Just imagine any event and zeitgeist can log it.

Now just because zeitgeist can log something does not mean it will log it. It is a daemon which exposes a D-Bus API. This API provides methods, to log, retrieve, filter or delete events.

Zeitgeist Datahub

Now you need external applications to log events to zeitgeist. A second daemon named zeitgeist-datahub keeps running on your system which monitors

All file activity logged to GtkRecentManager and pushes it to zeitgeist daemon
All application launches and logs it
All files downloaded in Downloads directory

For applications which doesn't use GtkRecentManager, there are extensions/plugins/addins/addons provided which push the relevant events to Zeitgeist. These components are called dataproviders because they supply zeitgeist daemon with data.

Usage of logged events

Now you have applications which can use this data for their usage. There are a few good things which can be done with the data. e.g.

Find the most recent files opened (because every event stored contains a timestamp)
Find all the recent files opened by a specific application (because every event stored also contains the name of the application which trigered the event). This can be used to populate the recently used files for every application File Menu
Application launchers like Synapse, Do and Unity Dash can use this to sort the list of applications when the user types the name
The application can populate the most often used files. e.g. gedit-dashboard uses zeitgeist to populate this list. You need to install package gedit-plugins to enable this gedit plugin. Click on New file to use it

Full Text Search

Zeitgeist comes with a Full Text Search API too, which only searches the contents of the event and not the file itself. If you played a track of Beethovan, then the event logged would contain

TimeStamp
Did the user explicitly click on Run or was the event scheduled (Playlist)
What was the event about - Track started
Which application did this
How is the resource (media file) stored as. In this case as a File
A freeform string as the Title which can contain the track name, genre, artist, year etc.
The mimetype of the media file

Then the Full Text Search API provided with zeitgeist only looks at the fields of the event for search and does not look into the file.

Remember Zeitgeist is not a file search of a file tracker


python -m SimpleHTTPServer
seems to be something I was looking for :)


Fix:

Used aptitude instead of apt. Aptitude had no problem install ubuntu-desktop from scratch. After that, the account login problems went away.

Hope this helps somebody else.

Raf


source vs export vs export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

The shell commands source and export are really different things. In short:

source

When you call a shell script the normal way (say with ./myscript.sh or sh myscript.sh), it will be executed in its own process context (a new process environment), so all variables set in the script will not be available in the calling shell. When executing a script using the source command, it will be executed within the context of the calling script. This way you are able to set environment variables by calling source myscript.

export

Environment variables are usually only valid in the (local) context of the current process. So, if you execute something (script or program) which requests a new process environment, the local environment will not be seen within the new process. To pass environment values to a child process, you have to 'export' them by preceeding the assignment with export, e.g. export VAR=value.

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

The special environment variable LD_LIBRARY_PATH defines the path where loadable libraries are searched for (similar to the PATHvariable, which defines where to look for executables). By default libraries are searched in /lib, /usr/lib and the like. Libraries installed in non-standard directories (e.g. /opt/program/lib) can only be loaded when these paths are additionally defined by export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/program/lib in this example. You need export here, as this must be known to the new process environment your program is running in.

Persistence

The process environment exists as long as the process is running; this also holds true for the environment variables (when not unset explicitly). If the process is killed (e.g. by closing the terminal window), usually all subprocesses will be killed as well and the environment(s) are deleted. More precisely, this depends on how the child process reacts on SIGHUP. If it does not, it will be running further as child of the user process (e.g. /sbin/upstart --user) or the init process (PID=1).

One way to have subprocesses overcome the killing of the parent process is to release them from the parent process by using nohup command (see man nohup), which will not pass SIGHUP to the child, and releasing the process to the background:

nohup <progname> &

will detach the process from the parent, assign STDIN to /dev/null and STDOUT to ./nohup.out.


Windows doesn't allow you to simultaneously use local and remote users on the same workstation. The only product they support to allow simultaneous remote users is Terminal Services, which runs on a windows server install. This behavior likely has something to do with money. ;)


How increase scanning resolution in for canon Lide 220 scanner in Ubuntu 16.04

I'm using a Canon LIDE210 so I presume this is the same (the only difference I could find between the 210 and 220 is the renaming of one button and corresponding change in the Windows-only software). Open Simple Scan and click on the Document menu then go to Preferences. There you can set Text and Photo DPI separately as well as change some other options for scanning.


I had a similar problem with PTCL EVO 3g on Ubuntu 15.04. This is how I solved it.

Right-click on the network icon on the tray.
Go to Edit Connections.
Select PTCL EVO Connection in the list.
Click on Edit.
Click on tab PPP settings.
Deselect Allow BSD data compression, Allow deflate data compression, Use TCP Header Compression.
Restart ubuntu just to be on the safe side.
Activate your broadband connection.

I stumbled upon the solution by observing a number of malformed packet headers in my Wireshark dump. I hope this helps.


python3 is included by default in Ubuntu 18.04 and the command to start the python3 interpreter from the terminal is python3.
To run Python 3.x code in Atom text editor do as follows:

Open the terminal and type:
 sudo apt install python-pip python3-pip python-ipykernel python3-ipykernel # python-ipykernel is optional
 sudo python -m ipykernel install --user
 sudo python3 -m ipykernel install --user

Open Atom and select the Settings tab -> click the blue Install button located on the left side of the Settings pane. Under the Featured Packages section Hydrogen is the first package in the list because it is the most popular Atom package. Click the blue Install button to install it in Atom. Alternatively you can also search for Hydrogen in the search box in the Install Packages section of the Settings pane. Hydrogen automatically updates the Python kernels for Python 2 and Python 3 each time it is updated.

Restart Atom to enable Hydrogen.

Open a Python 3.x file in Atom by selecting File -> Open File -> browse to a Python file and select it.

Select Packages -> Hydrogen -> Run.

A small popup window will open in Atom asking you to select either Python 2 or Python 3. Select Python 3 by clicking it.

The results of the Python code will be displayed in the same pane in Atom as the Python code.


How can I speed up aplication start time? such as vlc or firefox

This Answer is rather a Wiki that Is meant to be read and understood first before attempting to use either Preload or Prelink.
We need to first understand how Applications launch under Linux, I will not comment on Windows. Linux is secure by design, So what do we really mean by that?
Application launch Process
Linux programs typically consist of a binary executable file that refers to multiple shared libraries. These libraries are loaded into memory once and shared by multiple executables. In order to make that happen, the dynamic linker (i.e. ld.so) needs to change the binary in memory such that any addresses of library objects point to the right place in memory. For applications with many shared libraries—GUI programs for example—that process can take some time. For most small programs this dynamic linking is very quick. But when bigger programs are launched it could take time. I mean considerable time.
Linux uses ASLR to randomize the addresses in memory. One of the ideas behind address space layout randomization (ASLR) is to randomize these locations each time a program is run—or library loaded—so that malicious programs cannot easily and reproducibly predict addresses
Let us understand With Context what preloading is and what prelinknig is and how they help reduce application launch times.
First lets take a look at Preloading.
Preloading is the action of putting and keeping target files into the RAM. The benefit is that preloaded applications start more quickly because reading from the RAM is always quicker than from the hard drive. However, part of your RAM will be dedicated to this task, but no more than if you kept the application open. Therefore preloading is best used with large and often-used applications like Firefox and LibreOffice.
Preload is an adaptive, pre-read demon. It observes the applications Starts over a period of time. Understands the application launch behaviour. It collects the information and based on the information starts to preload the libraries required by the programs into the device RAM. Hence over a period of time the Application launch times reduce considerably and applications launch faster.
Since Preload requires memory to store the program code, the system should in any case have more than 1GB of memory.
The increase in speed can be up to 55%. However, this is not detected right after installation. Preload requires a few days or a week or two until a reliable statistic is created. This statistic uses Preload to load the code of the corresponding programs in the memory.
Now Lets look at Prelinking
On most systems, libraries are not changed very often and when a program is run, the operations taken to link the program are the same every time. Prelink takes advantage of this by carrying out the linking and storing it in the executable, in effect prelinking it.
Idealy it nullifies the Randomization of the Addreses which means it is easy to predcit where the libraries are stored hence it results in quick access to the libraries. This in turn reduces the launch time considerably.
The idea behind pre-linking is fairly simple: reduce the amount of time the dynamic linker needs to spend doing these address relocations by doing it in advance and storing the results. The prelink program processes ELF binaries and shared libraries in much the same way that ld.so would, and then adds special ELF sections to the files describing the relocations. When ld.so loads a pre-linked binary or library, it checks these sections and, if the libraries are loaded at the expected location and the library hasn't changed, it can do its job much more quickly.
Which means that on a System which does not change much. Libraries stay the same for a long time, something like an Ubuntu LTS/RHEL/CentOS/Debian basically fixed release distros, Prelink will run better and provide great results.
There is only One Caviat.
Prelinking needs to be Scheduled, It needs to run after the Libraries/programs have been upgraded since the libraries are changing. One could achieve that using a simple Cron job or could run it manually once in a while.
So We could techinically combine Preload and Prelink. However prelink is still like a Hack but your mileage may vary. I would give it a shot anyways. If I was on something like Debian or CentOS I would definitely use Preload and Prelink Both.
References for more Information.
http://sysmagazine.com/posts/108454/
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Preload
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Prelink
http://lwn.net/Articles/341244/
https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Prelink


Is there a beginner tutorial for installing Ubuntu with LVM with the Something Else option and choosing sizes of different partitions?

Start with

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_Volume_Manager_%28Linux%29 and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_Volume_Manager_(Linux)

I suggest you also read:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power-on_self-test
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_boot_record
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFI

One will have the Answer. Read the others to understand that one.


If lspci command shows nothing, how to check GPU is cuda-capable or not?

The message is telling to run the command update-pciids from the command line.

update-pciids(8)               The PCI Utilities              update-pciids(8)

NAME
       update-pciids - download new version of the PCI ID list

SYNOPSIS
       update-pciids [-q]

DESCRIPTION
       update-pciids  fetches the current version of the pci.ids file from the
       primary distribution site and installs it.

You will need to run it as root (sudo update-pciids) in order to write the updated file.

HOWEVER it most likely won't make any difference - as far as I know, the X220 has only Intel integrated graphics. Historically, Thinkpads with discrete graphics have been denoted by a "p" suffix.


Chrome can use a lot of RAM
When Chrome window has focus press Shift>+Esc to bring up process manager:

I've ententionally narrowed the Task name width to hide my gmail inbox name but you can see it is using over 400 MB of RAM. In this screen Chrome is using 1.7 GB of RAM simply surfing the net with 10 Tabs opened.
Your screen only shows the Chrome name but this screen shows each opened Tab name to track down the offender. In my case if I wanted to free up RAM I would close gamil.com.
The second large RAM user is Earth-Sunrise website that has a comment section. Some websites with comment sections can burn up lots of RAM, in testing over 1 GB per tab over a few hours. Simpy refreshing the Tab brings the usage back down to ~100 MB.
Display JAVA Memory Usage
The tool VisualVM will display Java memory usage and other information:

You can download it from github: (VisualVM)


thanks all for reading my question. Anyway, I found the solution after digging the Internet. Anyway, for someone that has the similar problem with me, you should check the version of the driver of the Ethernet and the version of the Ubuntu.

In my case, my computer uses the Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and the Ethernet is Realtek Semiconductor RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller and the Kernal driver is r8169.

You should remove the driver and use the older version. r8168 works in my case.


How can the Telnet service on Ubuntu Server 14.04 LTS be enabled?

Please do note, that using Telnet is insecure because the communication is not encrypted, your
  passwords and all other data will be transmitted as clear texts. Use Secure Shell (SSH) instead avoiding Telnet.

To Enable Telnet

Install the Telnet server with

sudo apt-get install xinetd telnetd

The service should be fired-up automatically once the installation is done. Your may also check the service status if required using;

sudo /etc/init.d/xinetd status

To Telnet an IP

telnet serverip

If you would like to change its ports, you'll need to edit /etc/services with the line;

telnet        23/tcp

Once changed, restart to apply the changes with;

sudo /etc/init.d/xinetd restart

More info: Install and Enable Telnet server in Ubuntu Linux


The code contains some errors but I understand it in the following way:1

Run the following on all *.mkv and *.mp4 found recursively:

Run mkvmerge on each file and its corresponding *.srt.
If it succeeded (warning or clean exit):

Delete the input files.
Rename the created file to <original_name>.mkv.

This could be done using the following script on Ubuntu.
Use it at your own risk, I haven’t fully tested it!
#!/bin/bash
find . -name \*.mp4 -o -name \*.mkv | while read orig_filename
do
   filename="${orig_filename::-4}"  # crop the extension
   mkvmerge -o "$orig_filename.tmp" "$orig_filename" "$filename.srt"
   if [ $? -le 1 ]  # warning or clean exit
   then
       rm "$orig_filename" "$filename.srt"
       mv "$orig_filename.tmp" "$filename.mkv"
   fi
done

Before running this script, you need to install the mkvmerge program for Ubuntu:
sudo apt install mkvtoolnix

1 I have left out error messages for simplicity. As per comments, they don’t seem to be essential for the script.


You need ubuntu live CD (USB) a try this:

http://howtoubuntu.org/how-to-repair-restore-reinstall-grub-2-with-a-ubuntu-live-cd


Increasing Ubuntu (12.04) partition size

It's OK, you can easily recover GRUB after the move operation by running boot-repair from a LiveCD/USB (but first you should prepare one if you haven't yet).


Is there a way to find out ETA of the process running on another terminal?

You can get statistics by sending a "signal signo" to the process.

From the GNU tar manual, 3.7 Checking tar progress:

  You can also obtain this information on request. When --totals is
  used with an argument, this argument is interpreted as a symbolic name
  of a signal, upon delivery of which the statistics is to be printed:

--totals=signo

  Print statistics upon delivery of signal signo. Valid arguments are: SIGHUP, SIGQUIT, SIGINT, SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2. Shortened names
  without SIG prefix are also accepted.


Just installed Ubuntu 12.10 alongside Windows 7 and after reboot I just get a grub prompt

Probably someting went wrong during the installation or the image you used in the DVD was corrupted(in this case it would be necessary that you download Ubuntu again and burn it to the DVD).

You should try booting the pc trhough the DVD, choosing to 'Try Ubuntu without installing'. The desktop will be loaded from the DVD and you will be able to use GParted (program that manages partitions) and then delete Ubuntu partition and make sure that everything is all right, such as Windows partition being the first of the HDD and that the Ubuntu partition has at least 4,5 GB of free space. Then just apply the changes and open the installator to install Ubuntu again.


Why did my PC shut off last nght and how do I find out if it was a sensor alarm?

This is a quite generic question that it's hard to say what going on.
However that approach you mention instructs to check last logs. You have to be too wise about reading the logs, not just greping for specific words like kernel panic, that's really limits your chance the resolve the problem.
Examples:

PC have power loss, there may be some errors on file system (check with fsck) and No lines on the log inform about normal shut down (ex: no services stopping ...

Check for other related words may help: error, err, kill, warning, alert...

Some grep flags may help much to get the event timing/sequence
-e add another pattern to the query
-n show the line number
-A show lines after match
-B show lines before match
-r search recursively in a folder
-i case insensitive

Another approach that could work only on reproducible problem. To verify your assumption about high temp. You can make a script that generate a log by monitoring the temperature. Check acpitool...


I had the same problem, but i found a solution. I am using Google Chrome as default browser. When I updated it to Google Chrome 20 it also installed Flash 11.3. So you just need to turn off Flash 11.3 and turn on Flash 11.2.
To do that: type in adress bar
about:plugins
Then at the top left corner click Extended (or smth like that)
Find a Flash and you will see here 2 files.
Then you need just to turn off 11.3 version and turn on 11.2 version and also restart your browser.
That just worked for me!


I am also facing a similar issue. This is a link to my question. Although, its still unresolved at my end; check the updates provided and see if it solves the issue at your end.

Edit: The issue has been solved at my end.


In the Gnome Shell extension Icon Manager, how do I move the "Removable Devices" from the tray to the top panel?

You can possibly try this GNOME extension:

https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/7/removable-drive-menu/

This extension adds a "status menu for accessing and unmounting removable devices."

This extension does not remove the removable devices from the messaging tray. You might want to try and hide the messaging tray to partially achieve the result you are looking for.

Is there a way to hide the Messaging Tray in GNOME Shell?


The commented suggestion works.  Install network-manager-openvpn-gnome and its dependencies.  If you cannot connect to the internet without the vpn, you will have to get them from Ubuntu's repositories through another computer.  Start here http://packages.ubuntu.com/  Then select your version and search for the package by the above name.  When I installed it on Lubuntu 12.10, it required 4 other packages.  Make sure you download those as well, and install them first.  You can install the .deb files from a command line using (trying to run them from a file manager might work as well):

sudo deb -i packagefile.deb

If you can find the dependency order of all of those packages, then install them in an order such that no package is installed before a package that it is dependent on.  This will make things much simpler.


Trying to install an Astrophysics-Code (HARM) but having problem running the "make" command

The error message

//lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6: error adding symbols: DSO missing from command line

means that the linker can't find symbols from the standard math library: it knows where they should be, and expected a linker directive -lm on the command line, but didn't find one.

If you look at the provided makefile, you can see there's some back-and-forth about the appropriate linker flags when building with MPI:

ifeq ($(USEMPI),1)
EXTRALIBS= #-lm #-lmpi
EXTRACCFLAGS=-DMPI
CC=mpicc #/usr/local/bin/mpicc
else
EXTRALIBS = -lm
EXTRACCFLAGS =
endif

At some point, the software's author must have decided that linking libm was not necessary in this case. You can override that decision on the command line as follows

make EXTRALIBS=-lm

There will likely be a number of compiler warnings which you may ignore.


Lenovo Thunderbolt 3 dock HDMI/DisplayPort 19.10

Thunderbolt 3 is a tunnelling protocol that can transport PCIe and DisplayPort data. A bit confusingly, Thunderbolt is one of the "alternate modes" of the USB type C port. Besides Thunderbolt and USB 3, the port itself can also directly act as DisplayPort and HDMI port (amongst others). See the schema from anandtech.

When used with a Thunderbolt device, the PCIe tunnels are only created once the device is authorized, unless security is disabled. This is done via bolt and the kernel. But the DisplayPort streams do not require authorization and should always work. The same is true for DisplayPort alternate mode in case a DisplayPort device is directly connected to the USB Type C.

That you see no output via boltctl and the type specifier for the dock (40AF) makes me believe that you have indeed the ThinkPad Hybrid USB-C dock, which is not a Thunderbolt dock. In that case the DisplayPort/HDMI of the dock use DisplayLink and thus likely need an additional driver.

NB: Logs for bolt can easily be obtained via journalctl -b -u bolt but I am pretty sure bolt is not in the mix here.


Have you try doing this iptables -D PREROUTING -d 95.211.213.149/32 -i venet0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 1194 then iptables-save or sudo sh -c "iptables-save > /etc/iptables.rules"

Also do you have any program that is like ConfigServer Firewall (csf) installed that is managing your firewall?

If you are new to iptables I would read up on Iptables here.


Nvidia (331.38) ignores underscan setting after boot or loging back in

You can try to compensate the underscan with this command:

nvidia-settings -a CurrentMetaMode="DFP-1: 1280x720 { ViewPortIn=1280x720,ViewPortOut=1230x672-25-24 }"

Note that this command is for 720p resolution and 25 is the amount of pixels that the dead area goes horizontally and 24 is the amount of pixels that it goes vertically. Substitute those values with desired ones.

If that worked you can make this fix permanent by saving these configurations onto your xorg file:

sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Look for 'Section "Device"', if your xorg doesn't have such section or it is empty, create this section:

Section "Device"
    Identifier    "Default Device"
    Option        "NoLogo" "True"
EndSection

Under this section add one option so it will be like this:

Section "Device"
    Identifier    "Default Device"
    Option        "NoLogo" "True"
    Option        "metamodes" "DFP-1: 1280x720 { ViewPortIn=1280x720,ViewPortOut=1230x672-25-24 }"
EndSection

Save it, restart your computer and now it should be fixed.


can't install ubuntu along with windows 8.1

First, mbr is a small program that gets loaded after the BIOS finishes. Its job is to load the operating system. Windows OSes installs mbr in the first sector of the hard disk.

A lot of people have problems getting an external drive to boot their computer, and I don't know enough to help with that issue.

Ubuntu uses either ext3 or ext4 format for the partition. You can install Ubuntu on your drive by making room for it. You will need to shrink the Windows partition to make space using a Partition Manager. When you install Ubuntu, it will load GRUB2 (a program similar to mbr). When GRUB2 is installed, the drive is scanned for bootable partitions and the information is written on the drive so that the menu has a list of all bootable partitions.


Errors while trying to upgrade or install: newaliases: warning: valid_hostname: misplaced delimiter: prabid-HCL-ME-Laptop..name

This post on Ubuntu Forums helped me resolve the issue.

I removed the extra dot in my hostname.


Is juju bootstrap node a single point of failure?

Yes, it is a single point of failure. We consider HA bootstrap to be the final piece that Juju needs to be considered production ready.

The ability to add another bootstrap node for HA purposes will be in Juju 2.0 this April.

Currently, if the bootstrap node goes away you "only" lose the orchestration, your services and machines stay running, you'll just have to manually ssh from then on. Obviously we want to fix that.

If you have a current working environment the core team has designed in the ability to add-on HA when it lands, so you won't have to tear anything down.  The bootstrap node is the first node that is a state server. You can't add another bootstrap node, but you will be able to add new state servers. This will give HA for the DB, API, and other tasks that currently happen on the initial node.


Ask to install program after "The program 'x' is currently not installed"

The package that is responsible for this behavior is the command-not-found  package, and it already includes the desired behavior although it is disabled by default. You can enable it by adding the following line to your ~/.bashrc
export COMMAND_NOT_FOUND_INSTALL_PROMPT=1

Now the behavior is changed to
The program 'x' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:
sudo apt-get install x
Do you want to install it? (N/y)

Note:
If you get a message about python crashing (specifically AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'decode') this is bug 1073919. A fix is already available for Raring and Saucy. Alternatively (advanced users only), you can change the file /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/CommandNotFound/CommandNotFound.py, see the diff attached to the bugreport for the lines that need to be changed.
Edit: The fix is now released in version 0.3ubuntu7.1 in Raring (SRU) and for 0.3ubuntu8 in Saucy.


Ubuntu 15.04 unity - All windows always on top

I foud the answer !

Install dconf-editor
Go to org->gnome->desktop->wm->preferences
Activate "Raise on click"


The location of "Show Desktop" icon has been a controversial one.
Current scenario:
"Show Desktop" icon can be enabled by using myunity or ccsm and is placed at the bottom of the launcher.You can NOT change it's position in the launcher.
According to the progress on this bug,we will soon see a "mini-app" that will do the same function as "Show Desktop",but it's position in the Launcher can be changed by dragging and dropping.

For Ubuntu 12.10

This issue has been resolved in Ubuntu 12.10, where you can change the position of "Show Desktop" icon by dragging and dropping.


You don't need to install it. Just download the tar.gz file, unpack it somewhere and double click on steelstorm or steelstorm64 (depends on your architecture) in it's directory.


what packages to uninstall for better security?

The most important part is not what packages are installed, but which servers are running, especially those listening on an internet-facing port. Disabling or stopping servers which aren't used is an important first step. Offcourse -removing- such a service does serve as "insurance" that it doesn't get started accidentally somehow, so it might be a good idea.

For removal, the most obvious targets are any programs that come with suid-root executables, and aren't used. A bug in any of these programs will have the potential to allow any random local user to become root, that possibility goes away if you remove the program.

You can use 'find' to find such programs, in a terminal enter: find / -perm -4000 -print this will give you a list of all suid-programs on the system, it will take quite a bit of time with a large disc.

The mere existence of a program on disc which isn't suid-root, and that isn't being run, should not have any large impact on security. You might still want to remove some for other reasons such as freeing up disc-space and reducing clutter though.


I am using XFBurn (Highly Recommended!)

Install it with:

sudo apt-get install xfburn


how can java and apache tomcat 7 install in the ubuntu 12.04 server?

1- Install Sun JRE 7

Download the sun jre 7 tar file

Extract the tar file:

tar -xvzf jre-7u4-linux-x64.tar.gz

Move extracted folder to this location:

sudo mv jre1.7.0_04 /usr/lib/jvm/

Install new java source in system:

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/jre1.7.0_04/bin/java 1

Choose default java:

sudo update-alternatives --config java

java version test:

java -version

Verify the symlinks all point to the new java location:

ls -la /etc/alternatives/java*

2- Install Sun JDK 7

Download the sun jdk 7 tar file

Extract the tar file:

tar -xvzf jdk-7u4-linux-x64.tar.gz

Move extracted folder to this location:

sudo mv jdk1.7.0_04 /usr/lib/jvm/

Install new java source in system:

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_04/bin/javac

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_04/bin/java 1

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javaws javaws /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_04/bin/javaws 1

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jar jar /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_04/bin/jar 1

Choose default java:

sudo update-alternatives --config javac
sudo update-alternatives --config java
sudo update-alternatives --config javaws

java version test:

java -version

Verify the symlinks all point to the new java location:

ls -la /etc/alternatives/java*

3- Install Tomcat

to install tomcat easily

sudo apt-get install tomcat7

4- Autostart Tomcat when booting

Create the init script in /etc/init.d/tomcat7

#!/bin/bash

PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

start() {
 sh /usr/share/tomcat7/bin/startup.sh
}

stop() {
 sh /usr/share/tomcat7/bin/shutdown.sh
}

case $1 in
  start|stop) $1;;
  restart) stop; start;;
  *) echo "Run as $0 <start|stop|restart>"; exit 1;;
esac

Change its permissions and add the correct symlinks automatically:

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/tomcat7
update-rc.d tomcat7 defaults

And from now on it will be automatically started and shut down upon entering the appropriate runlevels.


How do I make duplex printing the default in Firefox?

For some reason Firefox (50.0) does not respect the system defaults. To make duplex printing the default, navigate to about:config, then search for duplex. Change print.print_duplex to 1, for long-edge binding.

I can't find any documentation of these options on the internet. However, from testing, 0 means single-sided, 2 means short-edge binding. I also had print_duplex set to 2, if that's important.


How to install ubuntu on lenovo miix 3 10".

Look here:
http://www.normalesup.org/~george/comp/linux_lenovo_miix3/

The person is running Debian though. I am also researching this and looking into doing it to a Miix3.


Customize Ubuntu Control Center and add Web and text interface

Writing your own control panel is no small task. Especially one that has three first class GUIs. Given that you've started this task by posting on AskUbuntu, my concern is that you are naively assuming this is going to be a quick project.

If you must continue, you might try starting with some code from YaST, OpenSuse's "Yet Another Setup Tool". It doesn't have a web GUI, but it does have console and graphical frontends, so presumably there is some separation in the code you could make use of. The trade-off, obviously, is that YaST is built for Suse, not Ubuntu.

But seriously, you're not using Canonical Landscape because it's too expensive? How much is your time worth? I don't think it's hyperbolic to describe your project as being in the years, not months, of work category.


Ubuntu 12.04 latest update completely crippled system

When you say you can logon to the Guest account OK, do you mean you can access the desktop and all normal system functions successfully? If so that would imply that there is something in your user settings that is causing the problem.

If you can run a terminal from Guest mode, you should be able to "su " to access your normal account. From there you could e.g. move your .config directory out of the way (e.g. to .config.bak) and see if that enables you to login, or add a new user account and copy your data/documents to that without copying the settings.


i3wm, adjust brightness through command line

You may modify the value in /sys/class/backlight/{may vary}_backlight/brightness

example:

sudo nano /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness

This tool does that https://github.com/multiplexd/brightlight
then use it like this:

bindsym XF86MonBrightnessUp exec --no-startup-id brightlight -i 20
bindsym XF86MonBrightnessDown exec --no-startup-id brightlight -d 20


Plex won't list my home folder, yet I tried everything

Might help you. After every fresh install I add the following

sudo nano /etc/default/plexmediaserver

Replace the "plex" user account with your own account.

PLEX_MEDIA_SERVER_USER=plex
Change to
PLEX_MEDIA_SERVER_USER=lucas

then add lucas user to group:

sudo addgroup plex lucas
sudo addgroup lucas plex

Then to stop and start the service

sudo service plexmediaserver stop
sudo service plexmediaserver start

I add the following in .bash_aliases for easy start/stop

alias start='sudo service plexmediaserver start'
alias stop='sudo service plexmediaserver stop'

If you are trying to Limit what Plex Server can see I would look at Firejail. I use it constantly and I know you can control network connections with it so you may be able to control Plex.

sudo apt install firejail

Home Page: https://firejail.wordpress.com/


Installing Ubuntu along with storage on a 64 GB flash drive

1) Create the install media
2) Install gparted sudo apt-get install gparted
3) Connect the pendrive, open gparted and reduce the partition dedicated to Ubuntu. In the new space create a nfts. Windows will read seamlessly


sudo -i

This command will let you land at the root shell.

More explanation and comparison between other solutions here

                                                     corrupted by user's
                HOME=/root      uses root's PATH     env vars
sudo -i         Y               Y[2]                 N
sudo -s         N               Y[2]                 Y
sudo bash       N               Y[2]                 Y
sudo su         N               N[1]                 Y

[1] PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games
probably set by /etc/environment
[2] PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin