Need syncing cloud storage that works across Linux, Windows, some Android

dropbox works for me. I use it to transfer all sorts of files between Linux and Android. To get dropbox to keep working for me, I had to move the Dropbox folder away from my encrypted $HOME directory (dropbox recently started complaining about filesystems of type ecryptfs, probably because encrypyed $HOME directory goes away when I log out).

In preparation, I decided to put dropbox files in /home/Dropbox (an ext4 filesystem, always mounted). I did:

sudo mkdir --mode=700 /home/Dropbox
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) /home/Dropbox

Then, Right-or-Left-Click on the dropbox icon in the top right, select Preferences.... Once the Dropbox Preferences window opens, Right-Click on the Sync icon. The bottom part of that screen says Dropbox folder location. Enter /home/Dropbox and click Move.

When that finishes, restart dropbox, just to be sure.

dropbox stop
dropbox status
dropbox start
dropbox status

You should be able to get the IT people to

sudo mkdir --parents --mode=700 /home/user/Dropbox
sudo chown user /home/user/Dropbox

for you, and use that directory.

If they won't do anything, can you insert a USB key and use the above method to move your Dropbox directory there? Be sure to dropbox stop;dropbox status before removing the USB key.


Ubuntu is very slow in my Laptop Asus N51VN

find graphic card drivers because it looks like your cpu is doing all the work.
I'm using ASUS N55S and my CPU is usually 5% or 10%. The Ram was a bit unnerving as it registered at 100% but that is how Linux works it keeps 100% ready for you.


Loss installing my tl-wn727n each update ubuntu

You lose the kernel module not after each update, but only after a kernel update.

You do not need to download drivers and copy firmware each time. If you keep the source of the driver you can only run:

cd mt7601/src
sudo make install

Maybe you will need to start the module if it does not start automatically by

sudo modprobe mt7601Usta

This does not reqire an internet connection.

To make it fully automatical, you need to create a dkms.conf file and install the driver using DKMS. In this case the module will be automatically rebuilt after each kernel upgrade.

You can read about DKMS HERE.


How to change Compiz workspace name from the command line?

I figured out that the names can be set using

gsettings set org.compiz.workspacenames:/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/workspacenames/ names [\"Name1\",\"Name3\"]
gsettings set org.compiz.workspacenames:/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/workspacenames/ viewports [1,3]

So I wrote a python script to do what I wanted:

#!/usr/bin/python
import sys
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

getoutput = lambda x: Popen(x, stdout=PIPE).communicate()[0]
listIntOutput = lambda x: "[%s]" % ",".join([str(i) for i in x])
listStrOutput = lambda x: "[%s]" % ",".join(["\"%s\"" % s for s in x])
SCHEMA = \
  "org.compiz.workspacenames:/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/workspacenames/"

if len(sys.argv) < 2:
  name = ""
else:
  name = " ".join(sys.argv[1:])

# get the position of the current workspace
ws = list(int(i.strip(",")) for i in  getoutput(("xprop", "-root",
    "-notype", "_NET_DESKTOP_VIEWPORT")).split()[-2:])
# get the number of horizontal and vertical workspaces
hsize = int(getoutput(("gconftool",
    "--get", "/apps/compiz-1/general/screen0/options/hsize")))
vsize = int(getoutput(("gconftool",
    "--get", "/apps/compiz-1/general/screen0/options/vsize")))
# get the dimentions of a single workspace
x, y = list(int(i) for i in getoutput(("xwininfo", "-root",
    "-stats", )).split("geometry ")[1].split("+")[0].split("x"))
# enumerate workspaces
workspaces, n = [], 0
for j in range(vsize):
    for i in range(hsize):
        workspaces.append([n, [x*i, y*j, ], ])
        n += 1
# Get the (1-indexed) viewport #
vp = list(i for i in workspaces if i[1] == ws)[0][0] + 1

# Get the current named viewports
vps = eval(getoutput(("gsettings", "get", SCHEMA, "viewports")));
names = eval(getoutput(("gsettings", "get", SCHEMA, "names")));

if vp not in vps:
  # If this viewport is not yet named, then just append it.
  vps.append(vp)
  names.append(name)
  getoutput(("gsettings", "set", SCHEMA, "viewports", listIntOutput(vps)));
  getoutput(("gsettings", "set", SCHEMA, "names", listStrOutput(names)));
else:
  # Rename the viewport.
  index = vps.index(vp)
  names[index] = name
  getoutput(("gsettings", "set", SCHEMA, "names", listStrOutput(names)));

Based off of this script: https://askubuntu.com/a/17492/284331

The one caveat I ran into is that

gconftool --get /apps/compiz-1/general/screen0/options/hsize # and vsize

didn't return the right values that I had set in ccsm, so I had to manually set them separately in order for the script to work.

gconftool --set /apps/compiz-1/general/screen0/options/hsize #
gconftool --set /apps/compiz-1/general/screen0/options/vsize #


Why cpu frequency changing and it is not possible to stop this?

Modern processors (my expertise is Intel, not AMD) will scale back CPU frequency on their own, when the load is light enough, even in performance mode and as a function of what depth of idle state the CPU is going into. I would suggest that you use the acpi-cpufreq CPU frequency scaling driver, and set performance mode. Then you should have a maximum responsiveness for that processor.

There may be other methods, but the only way I know of to absolutely lock all processor CPUs at maximum frequency is to disable any idle state deeper than 0, noting that idle state 0 is not really idle at all, but rather a full load polling state.

Example (while not really relevant, my CPU frequency scaling driver is intel_ptsate, and the governor is "performance"):

doug@s15:~/test_kernels$ sudo turbostat --quiet --Summary --show Busy%,Bzy_MHz,IRQ,PkgTmp,PkgWatt --interval 5
Busy%   Bzy_MHz IRQ     PkgTmp  PkgWatt
0.03    1749    283     47      4.04   <<< notice the low CPU frequency, even in performance mode. All Idle states are enabled.
0.02    1737    230     46      4.00
0.03    1920    552     45      4.07
0.02    1779    225     43      3.96
14.08   3498    5958    59      10.53
100.00  3500    40200   63      51.19   <<< Notice the high CPU frequency, but also high power consumption, and increasing package temperature.
100.00  3500    40189   64      51.67   <<< All idle states above 0 are disabled.
100.00  3500    40193   64      51.92   <<< turbostat sees idle state 0 as a "busy" state.
100.00  3500    40200   64      52.04
100.00  3500    40194   65      52.11
100.00  3500    40199   65      52.15
100.00  3500    40199   65      52.24
16.85   3497    7207    46      12.20
0.02    1777    230     45      3.98   <<< All idle states have been enabled again
0.02    1842    227     43      3.96
0.02    1833    224     42      3.94
0.02    1772    233     41      3.92
0.02    1769    249     40      3.91
0.03    1760    280     39      3.90
^C0.02  1922    77      39      3.88

Note: My processor is an older i7, and the minimum pstate is 16 (1.6 GHz) and the maximum pstate, with all cores active, is 35 (3.5 GHz)


I could install it by typing in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install python-wxgtk3.0

I don't know but I think that the older versions (2.8, 2.6, …) aren't currently in the 16.04 repositories.


The error message tells you what happened " dpkg was interrupted" meaning it stopped in the middle of installing something. Can you tell use how that happened ? did something crash ? did you stop it ?

And also how to correct the problem "you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem,"

So, open a terminal and run

sudo dpkg --configure -a

post any problems that you get when your run that command ;)

If you get no errors, it is fixed.


First you need to see open network connections

netstat -atu -p

(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 xxx:domain              *:*                     LISTEN      -
tcp        0      0 *:ssh                   *:*                     LISTEN      -
tcp        0      0 localhost:ipp           *:*                     LISTEN      -
tcp        0      0 *:microsoft-ds          *:*                     LISTEN      -
tcp        0      0 *:50277                 *:*                     LISTEN      21497/skype
tcp        0      0 *:netbios-ssn           *:*                     LISTEN      -
tcp        1      0 xxx.xxx.xx.x:33429      yyy.yyy.yy.y:ipp        CLOSE_WAIT  19460/opera
tcp        0      0 xxx.xxx.xx.x:35816      yyy.yyy.yy.y:http   TIME_WAIT   -
tcp        0      0 xxx.xxx.xx.x:35791      yyy.yyy.yy.y:http   TIME_WAIT   -
tcp        0      0 xxx.xxx.xx.x:35775      yyy.yyy.yy.yt:http   TIME_WAIT   -
tcp        0      0 xxx.xxx.xx.x:58245      yyy.yyy.yy.y:https  ESTABLISHED 20773/chrome
tcp        0      0 xxx.xxx.xx.x:52227      yyy.yyy.yy.y:5228 ESTABLISHED 20773/chrome
tcp        0      0 xxx.xxx.xx.x:35831      yyy.yyy.yy.y:http   TIME_WAIT   -
tcp        0      0 xxx.xxx.xx.x:52911      yyy.yyy.yy.y:https  ESTABLISHED 20773/chrome

With this you will see which IP is connected and the pid of the process. Then disconnect service with kill process

sudo kill -9 21497

This will kill skype connection in our example. Kill all connections you don't want on your server

Bring up ufw Ubuntu Fire Wall

sudo ufw enable

After that you can allow host or network to access a service or all resources

sudo ufw allow 22

this rule will allow all to access the server using port 22 aka ssh

sudo ufw allow 80/tcp

will allow web access

sudo ufw allow from 192.168.255.255

will allow all resources. ssh, http, ftp from 192.168.255.255

This is a first step. Based on the type of server, you must allow all traffic for some resource. For mail server you must allow port 25 for mail sending, 80 for web server ...

If your server is a web server, this Q&A has some tips

And for a mail server: How to secure postfix on Ubuntu Server ...

Give us more details for a more precise answer


"apt-get" ruined after a failed PPA addition. How do I fix this?

Try going through a series of commands

sudo apt-get install -f
sudo dpkg --configure -a

I am going to guess the first 2 will fail.

Next run

sudo dpkg --remove --force-all oracle-java8-installer

If that command fails you have to manually remove

cd /var/lib/dpkg/info
sudo rm oracle-java8-installer*

Then again

sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq oracle-java8-installer

Should work now.

See : http://blog.bodhizazen.com/linux/apt-get-how-to-fix-very-broken-packages/


ubuntu username not set during installation

Open recovery mode and chroot to the ubuntu installation. Then, try to add an user with useradd or set root password with passwd.


I want to unintall Ubuntu which I installed alongside windows 10

You can easily remove it by following the below steps

First of all you have to create a windows bootable USB drive.
Then go to the Windows Disk Management  or type diskmgmt.msc in
run command.
Now, you will be able to see all the partitions.
Delete the partitions, other than the windows (where you installed
ubuntu).
Now, Plug in the windows bootable USB drive.
Then Open the command prompt from the troubleshoot menu.

Enter the following commands in terminal

1. bootrec /RebuildBcd
2. bootrec /fixMbr
3. bootrec /fixboot
4. exit

This Should be It.


Ubuntu doesn't have drivers for every WIFI card or sometimes the drivers supplied by manfacteurs don't work.
In this case there is a driver available but you'll need to build it..
https://github.com/tomaspinho/rtl8821ce

Instructions for building
sudo apt install bc module-assistant build-essential dkms
sudo m-a prepare

sudo git clone git@github.com:tomaspinho/rtl8821ce.git

cd  rtl882lce.git
sudo ./dkms-install.sh


You want to look at /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf

In mine I get all settings from the DHCP server (on my router) apart from my hostname.

Relevant section

send host-name "<hostname>";
#send dhcp-client-identifier 1:0:a0:24:ab:fb:9c;
#send dhcp-lease-time 3600;
#supersede domain-name "fugue.com home.vix.com";
#prepend domain-name-servers 127.0.0.1;
request subnet-mask, broadcast-address, time-offset, routers,
    domain-name, domain-name-servers, domain-search, host-name,
    netbios-name-servers, netbios-scope, interface-mtu,
    rfc3442-classless-static-routes, ntp-servers;
#require subnet-mask, domain-name-servers;


MD + LUKS + LVM will not cleanly shutdown

I had a similar issue while installing Ubuntu 13.04. For some reason (possibly a bug), vgchange -a n does not remove the device mappings. As a result, the LVM physical volume (i.e. the LUKS container) is still considered in use, and can not be luksClose'd.

Check if you have the same issue using dmsetup ls. If it lists any of your data_raid Logical Volumes, and they persist even after vgchange -a n, you may remove them using dmsetup remove NAME.

Once all device mappings have been removed, you should be able to luksClose.


How do I add the Malayalam keyboard layout in Kubuntu?

To add new keyboard layouts, go K-Menu --> System Settings --> Regional & Accessibility --> Keyboard Layout.
In the Layout tab, check the Enable Keyboard Layouts box. and choose the keyboard layout you want, and click Add.  Choose the appropriate Layout variant, and click on Apply to save your settings.

A flag icon should now appear in the system tray showing the current keyboard layout being used. Click the flag icon to switch to the other keyboard layout.


Projection (VGA) issues using Ubuntu 14.04 LTS with Dell Inspiron 5547 (HDMI)

I guess you're using the extended mode, you can drag a window to the right (over your desktop monitor), and it shall be displayed in the projector.

Or, you can change your display setting in the "System Settings"

Tick the "Mirror displays" to use the mirrored mode.


See Will btrfs automatically compress existing files when compression is enabled? on best practices compressing with btrfs:

The command is btrfs fi defrag not btrfs fi sync
it must be applied to file, btrfs fi defrag /mnt/Emu/dummy.txt not to dir
how exactly do you decide it is not compressed? df is not showing proper sizes.


It seems this were BIOS installations and GRUB is still anywhere.

Boot a live session. very long command

fdisk -l 2>/dev/null | egrep "Disk /|/dev/" | sed "s#^/dev/#Part /dev/#" | awk '{print $2}' | sed 's/://' | xargs -n1 -IX sudo sh -c "hexdump -v -s 0x80 -n  2 -e '2/1 \"%x\" \"\\n\"' X | xargs -n1 -IY sh -c \"case  \"Y\" in '48b4') echo X: GRUB 2 v1.96 ;; 'aa75' | '5272') echo X: GRUB Legacy ;; '7c3c') echo X: GRUB 2 v1.97 oder v1.98 ;; '020') echo X: GRUB 2 v1.99 ;; *) echo X: Kein GRUB Y ;; esac\"" `

It shows if any GRUB is in any partition or MBR. If so

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sd? bs=1 count=446

You must adapt the ? to your situation.


Broken Python install: "raise ValueError('Namespace %s not available' % namespace) ValueError: Namespace Gtk not available"

removed the following files from /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu

-rw-r--r--  1 root root  480638 Apr 15 13:37 libgirepository-1.0.a
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root      30 Apr 15 13:43 libgirepository-1.0.so -> ./libgirepository-1.0.so.1.0.0
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root      30 Apr 15 13:43 libgirepository-1.0.so.1 -> ./libgirepository-1.0.so.1.0.0
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  212456 Apr 15 13:41 libgirepository-1.0.so.1.0.0

and guake launched.  Replaced them with the files from /usr/lib/local/x86_64-linux-gnu and set up symbolic links.

Not sure how/why these were corrupted but it seems to have solved the problem.

It seems that the point source of the problem is here:

pwd: /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x
root@computer# ./libgirepository-1.0.so.1.0.0 --version
Segmentation fault (core dumped)


Running Java/Minecraft with the Nvidia GPU

First,

Inside your 'NVIDIA X Server Settings' window, underneath a drop-down menu called something like "GPU 0 (GeForce GTX .....)" there is an option for creating Application Profiles appropriately titled such. Click it.

Creating Application Profiles

Once in this window, you should see two tabs. One called Rules, and the other called Profiles. Click the Profiles tab and then click the green plus button just beneath it to add a new profile.Name this profile what you want (something memorable) and add all listed settings (They're what Minecraft actually needs and avoids redundancies):

GLAllowFXAAUsage        = true
GLGSyncAllowed          = true
GLShaderDiskCache       = true
GLThreadedOptimizations = true
GLSyncToVblank          = true

Once your list is complete and looks like mine, click the green plus button at the bottom of the window to save the current profile.

Select the setting from the drop-down menu under the "Source File" entry and click the green plus button to add it to the list.

Source File should be left alone. This is the location where these profile settings are saved. Ubuntu generates this location for you by default. DO NOT edit this.

Adding New Profiles

Next,

We need to add rules to this profile such as, which process ID's can utilize it's power and if this rule applies to all programs that use the GPU.

Click the rules tab and add a new rule using the green plus button.
In a section of this window called Rule Pattern there's a drop-down menu and a text entry. In the drop-down menu select Always Applies and in the text entry field type Java.

In a section called Rule Profile there should be a drop-down menu. Click on that and select the Profile you just created. A list of all the NVIDIA GL settings you added should appear in the list space below. If this is true for you click the green plus button at the bottom of the window to save.

Adding New Rules

Then,

If you have followed all these steps correctly your NVIDIA x Server Settings Application Profiles window on Rules tab should look something like this:

| Priority  | Pattern    | Profile Settings
--------------------------------------------
| 1         | [true]Java | GLAllowFXAAUsage=true,GL...

Completed Application Profile Example

Lastly,

Save the new configuration you just created by clicking the disk icon with the green down arrow.

You may now close the NVIDIA Server Settings window, start Minecraft and Enjoy. If you have any questions pertaining to this thread or my post, or if you have any issues with this configuration please let me know. Use my profile link.

EXTRAS

In the rules tab, you can create a new rule with the Always Applies feature to the process ID of a running instance of Minecraft. Use the terminal and type

ps -U root -u root -N

locate a process called Java.
Looks like this:

4307 tty1     01:44:08 java

Copy the PID number (in my case: 4307) and use that in the text entry labeled "Matches this String". Save and exit.

NOTE: This doesn't work all the time and has to be updated frequently because the PID changes.


Unity crashes with nvidia and any driver. Workaround?

Unity (Unity3d is actually a game engine) is the only UI shell in 12.10, which means, you need to install an alternative before removing it (don't think there ever was a way to disable).
Press ctrl-alt-f1 to get a tty, login with your username and password, and install Gnome Classic with

sudo apt-get install gnome-session-fallback

To get back to the login screen, try running sudo service lightdm restart.

You should then be able to select Gnome Classic (no effects) as session from the login scren.


How can i enable adobe flash player to use local cache


No DHCP or proxyDHCP offers were recived

You haven't fully specified your installation method and BIOS configurations, so I'll address both messages:
If you are trying to install a system using a PXE server, it seems like your machine fails to receive an IP address while performing the  DHCP DORA step.
Your network adapter seems to work properly, as the boot agent loads and recognizes a L2 link to your next device (a switch for example).
What may cause a DORA failure?

No DHCP servers are available
DHCP server is unreachable (when on the same LAN).
No DHCP relay is available to route your Discovery request from your broadcast domain to your DHCP LAN (if your machine is not in the same LAN with the server).
A firewall or any other device intercepts your Discovery requests.
Your DHCP chooses to ignore your Discovery requests (for example: it uses a service "allow list" based on MAC address).
Wrong NIC chosen (for machines with multiple NICs).

The last error message (DISK BOOT FAILURE) means that after failing your first set boot option (a PXE boot), it moves to the next boot option which is set to be a bootable hard drive and fails to find one.


Try to uninstall it:

sudo apt purge steam-launcher
sudo rm -fr ~/.local/share/Steam && rm -fr ~/.steam

And install it again:

Open a terminal
Download a package: wget https://steamcdn-a.akamaihd.net/client/installer/steam.deb
Install it: sudo apt install steam.deb
It asks about Starting steam to configure it for current user. I click the button and input my user's password when it prompts.

Hit Enter to start packages downloading and installing.
At the end it asks to Press return to continue:. I hit Enter and it closes terminal window. After this Steam window with Updating Steam... progress bar appears a few times.


Wacom tablet: slow tracking speed - Ubuntu 17.10

You need to adjust the X server's pointer acceleration options for the device. The Wacom driver stopped providing its own (redundant/crude) acceleration options all the way back in late 2009.

There are three pointer acceleration options of interest that can be adjusted at runtime with the xinput utility:

$ xinput set-int-prop <device> "Device Accel Profile" 8 <int>
$ xinput set-float-prop <device> "Device Accel Constant Deceleration" <float>
$ xinput set-float-prop <device> "Device Accel Adaptive Deceleration" <float>

You can see the current values of these and other device properties by running xinput list-props <device>. You'll may notice a "Device Accel Velocity Scaling" property in the output as well -- this knob doesn't do what you might think and should generally be left alone. (For the curious: it should be set to 1000.0/ExpectedRate where ExpectedRate is the rate in Hz at which the input device sends events; the Intuos tablets send touch events at ~100Hz).

To speed up your pointer, first try decreasing the "Constant Deceleration" value. If necessary, you can make it less than 1. At some point this should cause the cursor to move fast enough. If you loose the ability to position the cursor precisely with slow movements afterwards, try increasing the "Adaptive Deceleration". If no amount of tweaking seems to let you both move the pointer quickly across the whole screen and move it slowly in a small area, you should try reseting both properties to 1.0 and then changing the acceleration profile.

These options are more fully documented in the man pages (run man xorg.conf and search for the "POINTER ACCELERATION" section, or try reading this online copy). You'll definitely need to experiment to find a good setting, since it's more than just a single "faster/slower" knob.

Once you find the settings you like you can either save the commands to a script that you can run whenever you want, or create an "xorg.conf snippet" which will automatically apply the settings whenever the tablet is connected. Such a snippet might look like the following and be saved as "/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/90-wacom-overrides.conf":

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "Wacom Tablet Overrides"
    MatchDriver "wacom"
    Option "AccelerationProfile" "<int>"
    Option "ConstantDeceleration" "<int>"
    Option "AdaptiveDeceleration" "<int>"
EndSection

Note that it is possible that the desktop environment may override settings specified in xorg.conf.d. If this happens, you may have to use the script instead.


It seems this is the mainline upstream kernel, so please have a look at MainlineBuilds, you can probably find the kernel suiting your needs here.

On ubuntu 16.04 , the default kernel (4.4) is too old for compiling this driver. But you can install a more recent kernel HWE using this command : sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-hwe-16.04.

Manual compiling, tested on 16.04 with kernel 4.10.0-35-generic

mkdir opt3001 && cd opt3001
wget https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/plain/drivers/iio/light/opt3001.c
echo 'obj-$(CONFIG_OPT3001)     += opt3001.o' > Makefile
make -C /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build M=$(pwd) modules

Some packages may be necessary (build-essential, linux-headers-$(uname -r), ...).

And you may have a look at this answer if you have troubles with secure boot (insmod: ERROR: could not insert module opt3001.ko: Required key not available).


Where can I find the static udev libraries for Ubuntu 14.04?

Apparently there isn't. None of the Ubuntu nor Debian packages found online make a mention of libudev.a at all. Only the shared library's available.


Have you tried those DVD's in Virtualbox ?

If they aren't working in VB then it is a burning software problem.


How can I open binary Android ROM image files? (.img)

Update: See stackoverflow.com - Mount Android emulator images

Short Answer is, there are 3 types:

Regular filesystem images, that can be mounted with -o loop option
YAFFS2 filesystem images, which currently cannot be mounted in Ubuntu and have to be unpacked
EXT4 filesystem images that have been further processed by the Android toolchain and need to be converted to regular images with simg2img from the Android toolchain.

So, you have a binary image extracted from an Android device, is that correct?

What does the file command say about the file? Something like this?

$ file system.img
system.img: VMS Alpha executable

That system image is extracted via nandroid from a Samsung Galaxy i7500. Most of those old Android devices used yaffs as a file system. Knowing what you are dealing with greatly helps. (i.e. Which device are we talking about? Where is that image from?)

Converting images into other file systems will only produce garbage at best if you do not have installed support for the file system in question. Unfortunately there is no package for Ubuntu. But that question has already been asked and answered: Create yaffs2 file system on Ubuntu Server 11.10

There is also the possibility that this image is encrypted. But why would someone give you an encrypted image?

Since this is mostly about Android and you call yourself an Android Developer, please read the Android documentation, again. It's supposed to be all in there. If not ask your question at android.stackexchange.com, XDA-Developers, RootzWiki and the like. And please do not put a ROM on the net for hundreds of people to use unless you REALLY know what you are doing and you read the documentation. Doing it for fame is dangerous and bad for the users!


With Trusty and the 3.13 kernel, it should be as simple as

sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

And it might work without rebooting
http://packages.ubuntu.com/utopic/amd64/bcmwl-kernel-source/download

This updated version might fix it now


Is there anything I should be careful with when reinstalling Ubuntu on a multiboot system?

If you simply want to upgrade your Ubuntu 11.10 to 12.10, then you can use a liveDVD or a liveUSB to upgrade it.

If you want a fresh install, then you could choose the "something else" option and format your Ubuntu partition and continue installing 12.10 there.


How can I force a consistent Partition UUID across virtualised/native boot or somehow get the new one

Either:

Use...

uuidgen # generate new UUID's
tune2fs # write UUID's to disk

or...

change your /etc/fstab to use hard device codes (like /dev/sda4) instead of UUID's.


How to install packages that are normally downloaded during Ubuntu installation?

The options you chose during installation will dictate what you may not have downloaded and had installed during installation.

Two options offered are

(1) download updates during installation which is fixed by full updating your system, as @user68186 mentioned in comments
    or

(2) install third-party software for graphics and wifi-hardware,
     flash, mp3 and other media

(http://files.ubuntu-manual.org/manuals/getting-started-with-ubuntu/16.04/en_US/screen/Getting%20Started%20with%20Ubuntu%2016.04.pdf)

The second group of packages contain some that are generic for machines (eg. ubuntu-restricted-extras) but also include drivers that are machine specific, so use ubuntu-drivers (or Additional Drivers in the GUI) to add whatever is missing.


Having problem while running a code in Codeblocks 13.12

Go to settings in the upper part
Click compiler
Choose reset to defaults.


Error Updating to Ubuntu 18.04 from 16.04 'Failed to lock /var/cache/apt/archives/lock'

I found the answer in a similar post.  When I performed the following it worked:

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo update-manager -d

I ran this once and it required me to reboot. Nothing happened after the reboot so I entered the command sudo update-manager -d a second time and it worked.

post where i found the answer: Ubuntu upgrade failing from 16.04 to 16.10: 'Failed to lock /var/cache/apt/archives/lock' by toraritte


Any way to remote terminal a standard installed offline Ubuntu desktop PC?

Download the latest OpenSSH for Windows binaries (package OpenSSH-Win32.zip)
Extract the package to a convenient location (we will use C:\openssh in this guide)
As the Administrator, install SSHD and ssh-agent services:
powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File install-sshd.ps1
Generate server keys by running the following commands from the C:\openssh:

.\ssh-keygen.exe -A

Open a port for the SSH server in Windows Firewall:
    Either run the following PowerShell command (Windows 8 and 2012 or newer only), as the Administrator:
    New-NetFirewallRule -Protocol TCP -LocalPort 22 -Direction Inbound -Action Allow -DisplayName SSH
    or go to Control Panel > System and Security > Windows Firewall > Advanced Settings > Inbound Rules and add a new rule for port 22.
To allow a public key authentication, as an Administrator, from C:\openssh, run:
powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File install-sshlsa.ps1
and restart the machine
In C:\openssh\sshd_config locate a Subsystem sftp directive and change the path to sftp-server to its Windows location:
Subsystem sftp C:\openssh\sftp-server.exe
Start the service and/or configure automatic start:
    Go to Control Panel > System and Security > Administrative Tools and open Services. Locate SSHD service.
    If you want the server to start automatically when your machine is started: Go to Action > Properties. In the Properties dialog, change Startup type to Automatic and confirm.
    Start the SSHD service by clicking the Start the service.

These instructions are partially based on the official deployment instructions.
Setting up SSH public key authentication

Follow a generic guide for Setting up SSH public key authentication in *nix OpenSSH server, with following differences:

Create the .ssh folder (for the authorized_keys file) in your Windows account profile folder (typically in C:\Users\username\.ssh).
Do not change permissions for the .ssh and the authorized_keys.

Connecting to the server

Before the first connection, find out fingerprint of the server’s RSA key by running ssh-keygen.exe -l -f ssh_host_rsa_key -E md5 from the C:\openssh:

C:\openssh>ssh-keygen.exe -l -f ssh_host_rsa_key -E md5
2048 MD5:94:93:fe:cc:c5:7d:d8:2a:33:21:0e:f3:91:11:8a:d9 martin@example (RSA)

Start WinSCP. Login dialog will appear. On the dialog:

Make sure New site node is selected.
On New site node, make sure the SFTP protocol is selected.
Enter your machine/server IP address (or a hostname) into the Host name box.
Enter your Windows account name to the User name box. It might have to be entered in the format user@domain, if running on a domain.
For a public key authentication:
    Press the Advanced button to open Advanced site settings dialog and go to SSH > Authentication page.
    In Private key file box select your private key file.
    Submit Advanced site settings dialog with the OK button.
For a password authentication:
    Enter your Windows account password to the Password box.
    If you Windows account does not have a password, you cannot authenticate with the password authentication (i.e. with an empty password), you need to use the public key authentication.
Save your site settings using the Save button.
Login using Login button.
Verify the host key by comparing fingerprint with the one collected before (see above).


What is the role of the following files during boot from live usb?

These files are being used to boot up the system.  Basically, to run an OS, the system needs to access kernel and to load OS into virtual memory to start operation in booting up the system.  GRUB is the 'engine' that is responsible in loading up all of data in order to boot up the system.

With Linux structure, a small portion of hard drive is being used for booting up only.  After the OS is being loaded and sync-ed with kernel (BIOS of your motherboard), it'll then mount your main partition where / and /home/yourusername is located.

typical structure that is common among Ubuntuians:

sda1 master disk (where your GRUB resides) - classified as "primary partition"

sda2 as extended partition.  you will never see that partition because it is a "box" that hold "boxes" such as your sda5 - thus classified as "extended partition".

sda5 as logical partition where all of your main directory resides in. (i.e. / or /home/yourusername or such).

These structures are what enable Linux to operate.  So, these files above are what control and assist in swapping and mounting these partitions so that way your OS can be loaded.

But, just a word of caution - these files are not something you would want to mess with, otherwise you might may need to revisit the re-installation of system, who knows.


External Hard Drive opens with Puddletag and not Nautilus

When you plug-in your HD and when it prompts to choose an application: Choose "Nautilus "

or

Right click on folder -> Properties -> Open with -> choose "Nautilus"

or

Right click on folder -> Open with directly -> Other application -> Choose "Files/Nautilus" -> Remember this application


Installing JDK 8 after removing OpenJDK 7

The easiest way is to install the Oracle Java 8 JDK through the webupd8 ppa, it usually does all the "dirty" work for you (download java when updates available, install them, and run update-alternatives to make oracle jdk the default one).


How to enable automatic date and time on Ubuntu 19.10?

Short answer:

$ sudo apt remove ntp

And try to enable automatic Time & Date again.

Long answer:

If you try to start the "systemd-timesyncd" service manually with:

systemctl start systemd-timesyncd.service

and check the status with:

systemctl status systemd-timesyncd.service

you can see that it says:

Condition: start condition failed at <some time>; 1s ago
       └─ ConditionFileIsExecutable=!/usr/sbin/ntpd was not met

So "ntpd" has to be unavailable in order for this to work. If you check the file "/lib/systemd/system/systemd-timesyncd.service.d/disable-with-time-daemon.conf" you can see some more conditions that prevent the start:

 ConditionFileIsExecutable=!/usr/sbin/ntpd
 ConditionFileIsExecutable=!/usr/sbin/openntpd
 ConditionFileIsExecutable=!/usr/sbin/chronyd
 ConditionFileIsExecutable=!/usr/sbin/VBoxService

So depending on your installation it will also stop working if "ntp", "openntpd", "chrony" and/or VirtualBox Services are installed.


sounds problem with ubuntu: port changing by itself

I think this thread from Linux Mint forum may help.


Ubuntu 18.04: getting "Unable to get list of updates" in Ubuntu Software

Looks like the same bug: https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-software/issues/339

It seems the original bug reporter disappeared. Can you please provide Richard Hughes with the log that he asks for? Thanks.


Fingerprint GUI is working just fine in Ubuntu 12.04 Beta1 (LightDM). You can log in, unlock screen, and authenticate everything in the GUI and also "sudo's" in a terminal.
I'm using it on an old ThinkPad R52 with integrated SGS Thomson Microelectronics Fingerprint Reader.

Install instructions: Fingerprint GUI


Reduced performance in bumblebee after 3.0 to 3.2 update

Disable card on boot

These options can be useful to disable the card on boot time. in /etc/modules file can be used to load modules on boot time. Adding the below line to the file makes the card get disabled on boot:
 bbswitch load_state=0

You have to update your initial ramdisk (initrd) for the changes propagate to the boot process. On Debian and Ubuntu, this can performed by running update-initramfs -u as root.

Disable card on exit

Edit the line in /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf, Set it to true, By default it set it to false
 TurnCardOffAtExit=true

I hope this work for you ....
Also please check Is there a power saving application similar to Jupiter?


Microsoft Designer Mouse (Bluetooth 4.0) on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

I got the Microsoft Designer Mouse working on Ubuntu 14.04 with the following PPAs and package installs:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:vidplace7/bluez5
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:blueman/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bluez
sudo apt-get install blueman

Then you need to restart blueman just incase.

killall blueman-manager
blueman-applet &


The package name is actually dconf-tools


with Ubuntu - and other Linux Distributions - look for the application 'PlayOnLinux', based on wine. It exists as (Ubuntu-/Debian-)package, is (cost-)free and guides you when installing (all kind of) MS-Windows-application; and does prefix-management to separate applications.

For an even more comfortable handling have a look at 'Crossover' from CodeWeavers; it's commercial, if only at moderate costs, though.

Both applications can/will help you to install Origin - amongst others.


Why does update-grub not find ubuntu 11.10?

This section of the Ubuntu community GRUB 2 documentation lists other methods of reinstalling GRUB2 to your Master Boot Record. One of them will likely be effective. I recommend that you try the Boot-Repair graphical tool.


Yes, you'll need to supply [version] with an actual version number, which it looks like you can obtain from here. So for example:

    wget --no-check-certificate https://launchpad.net/~georepublic/+archive/ubuntu/pgrouting/+files/pgrouting-workshop_2.0.6-ppa1_all.deb


If I have Ubuntu on a usb, and install it will it remove windows?

If you have Ubuntu on your USB as a Live-USB, when you start the Live session and choose to Install Ubuntu on your hard-drive you have two choices:

Let Ubuntu use all your drive space (therefore, overriding Windows)
Install it alongside Windows.


wall doesn't broadcast to GUI terminals on 16.04

Due to the way gnome-terminal works, wall does not register it as a terminal. A more thorough explanation can be found here. I assume that the same is true for sakura.

Based on Stancu Mihai's answer, I have created a script which mimics the way wall usually works, including the banner with user name and timestamp (use -n or --nobanner to remove the banner). The script does not currently support reading the message from a file.

You can replace the normal wall command with this one by adding an alias in ~/.bashrc:

echo 'alias wall="~/your/path/to/wall.sh"' >> ~/.bashrc

Example usage:

$ wall "some message"

Broadcast message from username@hostname (pts/19) (Wed Mar 29 11:07:35 2017):

some message

$ wall -h

Usage:
 wall [options] [message]

Write a message to all users.

Options:
 -n, --nobanner          do not print banner
 -h, --help              display this help and exit


Open terminal from your dash and type in this command:

sudo apt-get install qemu

And that should do it


USB to DVI adapter doesn't work on ubuntu 12.04 LTS

Install common Video card Drivers:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic xserver-xorg-video-all libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dri xserver-xorg-core

If not resolved ye, reconfigure the drivers:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg


Toggle swap of alt and win keys with command line

Try
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.input-sources xkb-options "['ctrl:aa_ctrl', 'grp:shift_caps_toggle']"

To toggle on and off, you will need to create a little bash script that tests what the current setting is, then sets the other setting. You can read out the key with
gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.input-sources xkb-options

You can then bind the script to a hotkey to toggle quickly.
The script could look like:
#!/bin/bash
STATUS=$(gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.input-sources xkb-options)
case $STATUS in
    "@as []" )
        gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.input-sources xkb-options "['ctrl:aa_ctrl', 'grp:shift_caps_toggle']"
    ;;
    "['ctrl:aa_ctrl', 'grp:shift_caps_toggle']" )
        gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.input-sources xkb-options
    ;;
esac


Firefox opens random urls - which i have not accessed before

Lets try to debug this. If you start firefox from the terminal, and use a new profile, does the problem persist ?

firefox -P

If so, then the problem is more likely with your DNS or internet provider. Try using OpenDNS

http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2010/09/how-to-switch-to-opendns-in-ubuntu-for-faster-browsing/

If the problem does not persist in a new profile, then your user profile is either corrupt of perhaps a malicious script.

In that case, personally, I would make a new profile and use NoScript

Take a look at securing firefox

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=671604


I had the same problem and found a way to the solution in http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2011304

Edit file /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf by hitting Alt+F2 and run gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf.
Add a new line and insert options snd-hda-intel model=asus
Restart your computer

The microphone will work, but the volume will be too low.

The thread I linked above shows that the next step is to run PulseAudio Device Chooser to adjust the input volume of the microphone. However, I can't find it in the Ubuntu Software Center. When I tried to install padevchooser from terminal, it is said that:

  Package padevchooser is not available, but is referred to by another
  package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been
  obsoleted, or is only available from another source

It seems that the tool is now replaced, and in Ubuntu Software Center, I found PulseAudio Maanager instead. After you've got it installed, run paman from Alt+F2.

Click on Devices tab. Select your input device from the list and click Properties. Then, adjust the input volume as you see fit.

Be careful, though, as setting the volume too high will provide a noisy recording.

Hope that helps. :)


Start by installing a media player plug-in for Firefox. Personally I prefer the tighter VLC:

sudo apt-get install browser-plugin-vlc

Restart Firefox and then access this web page:

https://www.youtube.com/html5

There activate the checkbox "The HTML5 player is currently used when possible."


(Since my deduction was accurate, I'll make it an answer.)

Sounds like a Unity issue. See if it happens in Gnome Shell.

:D

Here's a link to a desktop resource that Spence found: What kinds of desktop environments and shells are available?


Try this :

First remove wine already installed : sudo apt-get remove wine

Then tries to fix broken packages   : sudo apt-get -f install

Finally the update command to update the packages in system : sudo apt-get update

Now you try to install wine package : sudo apt-get install wine

Again you get error messages, show us the session


STOP!!!

CONVERTING YOUR DISK AS YOU'RE TRYING TO DO IS LIKELY TO LEAD TO PAIN!

I am, however, assuming that you have a working Ubuntu installation on the computer. If not, or if you want to wipe it out and install nothing but Windows, you'd be better served by asking about this on a Windows forum.

The problem is that Windows ties its partition table type to its boot mode: Windows installs in EFI mode only to GUID Partition Table (GPT) disks, and in BIOS mode only to Master Boot Record (MBR) disks. Ubuntu prefers to install in this way, too, but it's sometimes possible to install and boot in BIOS mode from a GPT disk or, with a bit more hoop-jumping, in EFI mode from an MBR disk. In any event, the fact that you've got a GPT disk means that your Ubuntu is probably booting in EFI mode. Thus, the proper solution is to install Windows in that mode, too. This requires modifying how you boot the Windows installer.

This is often (but not always) simply a matter of selecting the correct option in the computer's built-in boot manager. Typically, you'll see two options for the boot medium, one of which includes the string "UEFI" and the other of which does not. Select the option that does include "UEFI" in its description to boot in EFI mode. This should clear the problem. You may also want or need to disable the Compatibility Support Module (CSM). This is an EFI feature that enables it to boot BIOS-mode boot loaders. If you're booting in EFI mode, the CSM is nothing but trouble, as described in my page on the subject.

If you don't see an option to boot your installation disk in EFI mode, it's conceivable that your disk is improperly prepared. Some tools to turn .iso images into bootable USB drives omit the EFI boot loader. Also, if this is Windows 7 you're trying to boot in this way, there can be some extra hurdles. Various Web pages, like this one, cover this topic.

I recommend that you read my page on the CSM (referenced earlier). It's written mainly for people who want to install Linux second, but the general principles apply to your situation. The section near the end on preparing media may be of interest, too.

You may have noticed that I referred to the possibility of installing Ubuntu in BIOS mode to a GPT disk. If you've got such a configuration, you'll need to change something -- either the Ubuntu boot mode or the partition table. You can identify your Ubuntu boot mode by looking for a directory called /sys/firmware/efi in Ubuntu. If this directory is present, you've booted in EFI mode; if it's absent, you've almost certainly booted in BIOS mode.

If I'm right that Ubuntu is booting in EFI mode, and if you install Windows next, then the computer is almost certain to boot straight to Windows when you're done. There are several ways to restore a dual-boot configuration after that. The least painful is likely to be:

Boot to Windows.
Download and install the EasyUEFI utility.
Launch EasyUEFI.
In the EasyUEFI window, you'll see a list of boot options, one of which is called "ubuntu." Move it to the top of the list.
Reboot. GRUB should appear and launch Ubuntu. (You might or might not actually see a GRUB menu.)
Open a Terminal window.
Type sudo update-grub in the Terminal Window.

At this point, when you reboot you should see GRUB, and it should enable you to boot either Ubuntu or Windows.

If you need more help, please run the Boot Repair utility and select the "Create BootInfo Summary" option. (DO NOT click "Recommended Repair," at least not yet!) When asked whether to upload the report, click "Yes," and then post the URL provided here. This will give us more details about your configuration, which is required to base an answer on more than guesswork.

By the way, Aditya is correct; you're launching gdisk on a partition, not on the whole disk. You should use gdisk only on whole-disk devices.


Search tool used by Kubuntu 19.10 "application dashboard" widget, how can I alter search?

Caution: this is going to be a somewhat speculative and far from complete answer!

Posted from a VM running Kubuntu 19.10 (minimal install option) with the kubuntu-backports ppa enabled.

Operating System: Kubuntu 19.10
KDE Plasma Version: 5.17.4
KDE Frameworks Version: 5.65.0
Qt Version: 5.12.4
Kernel Version: 5.3.0-24-generic
OS Type: 64-bit

The title of the question refers to the application dashboard. According to kde.org's announcement page,

  Plasma 5.4 brings an entirely new fullscreen launcher Application
  Dashboard in kdeplasma-addons: Featuring all features of Application
  Menu it includes sophisticated scaling to screen size and full spatial
  keyboard navigation. The new launcher allows you to easily and quickly
  find applications, as well as recently used or favorited documents and
  contacts based on your previous activity.

A small video from 2015 illustrating the application dashboard is here.

(There are other launchers available as part of the default installation.)

Re.

  The search results seem a bit strange.  There aren't many options when you right click on the widget icon.  What search program is this using and how can I alter it to get better search results?

Right-clicking on the launcher icon:

This context menu doesn't provide any option for altering how the search box functions.

However, some information can be gleaned from the kickoff page

  you can simply enter a search term. The search field has focus when opening the menu, so you can simply start typing. The search will not only match against applications names, but also against their description. So if you need a browser, but don't know the name of the installed browsers, simply type "browser" in the search field. This should result in a list of all available browsers.

Re.

  When I type "s" the search comes up with applications with names starting with "s" but also some that don't.  It also comes up with a number files many or which have names that don't even start with "s".  Why?  How can I change that?

based on the bit I quoted from the kickoff page, both the application's name and its description are taken into account. Plus, it appears that a result is shown if what is typed matches anywhere, not just the first letter, in the name or the description.

Even internal strings are matched

A couple of points about descriptions:

Applications with .desktop files have their Comments searched. For example, I installed meld and it has "Compare and merge your files", so typing merg picks up meld on my system.
Then there are also items specific to KDE Plasma such as those components, aka modules, found in System Settings. You can get an idea of (many of) those and their descriptions by running kcmshell5 --list in your terminal.

  If I type "se"  no applications show up but files do (some not starting with "se".)

No applications showing up when "se" is typed even though just "s" itself returns results is probably a bug and could be reported at KDE Bugtracking System.

Files showing up even though their names don't start with "se" has been dealt with above. An additional wrinkle is baloo. If a user chooses to index the contents of files (System Settings > Search), files containing "se" as part of their content will be picked up.

  If I type "set" application starting with "set" show up.  Why didn't they show up when typing just "se"?

It's already mentioned that no results are returned for applications when searching just for "se".

As for

  how can I alter it to get better search results?

Other than typing longer strings, I can't think of ways a user can get better search results. (It's possible that the system trains itself to recognize a user's intentions depending on how often a particular file or application is launched. I use krunner rather than the dashboard, and when I type just "a", the first item listed is abanks.odt, a file I open several times a day.)

The other option is to get involved:

  More generally, have a look at https://community.kde.org/Get_Involved and find out more ways to help be part of a project that really matters. Each contributor makes a huge difference in KDE; you are not a number or a cog in a machine! You don’t have to already be a programmer, either. I wasn’t when I got started. Try it, you’ll like it! We don’t bite!

Source


How to have '~/.config/autostart' contents back?

~/.config/autostart is empty on a new session (Actually, this directory doesn't exist on a new account), and it does not contain any important scripts (i.e. the cause of your WM problem doesn't seems to be there)...

Applications add startup scripts at this location (for instance, dropbox, bzr-notify, remmina-applet, ...) and of course you can add your own... The important autostart scripts (which are not user-dependant) live under /etc/xdg/autostart


How can I stop certain XFCE components from starting with Unity?

I fixed these problems by disabling hidden start up entries as MHC mentioned, and by editing the dbus service files so that xfce's daemon is not used for notifications.


Nautilus doesn't show the exact copy speed

The copying is likely to be cached and/or buffered (in memory) which is why you see the high numbers.

To see "real" speed you would need to remove any caches and buffers, but the effect of it would probably be a slower than normal copy operation. To achieve this you need to mess with file system internals and system memory usage related to that.

Flash memory needs to have a certain amount of data to write at a time for optimal/fastest possible speed.

MORE INFO:
Copy to USB memory stick really slow?


Laptop won't turn back on after closing lid

Fairly certain it somehow relates to ACPI as the problem disappears when turning off ACPI or hardware P-state (boot options acpi=off or intel_pstate=no_hwp), however that's of course not a viable solution. You could find workarounds by more or less skilled peoples but the solution remains in the kernel. All the workarounds I've tested to fix Lid Close Freeze issue had negative impacts on something else, it fixes a problem by creating others, ie. acpi=off disables lot of cool power and hardware kernel features. It's a pity.
On my Thinkpad model, for example, I had to wait for a newer kernel with thinkpad_acpi updated. Pretty sure it's the same problem for you: kernel doesn't "know" yet all the features and specifications of some of your hardware components.
Ubuntu team's supported v4.4.0-18 for xenial should have fixed it on my computer according to some bug reports like this one, but in fact I had to wait for testing upstream kernel v4.5.2 to be able to close the lid without desktop freeze, surely because I'm not patient enough. Just to be clear in this example, I will continue to regularly test the lastest iterations of official v4.4.0-x until the fix is implemented, then will revert back to this LTS kernel for more reliabilty. So I hope it's just a temporary solution.
Backup first!!!
My very first advice will always be to love and cherish your dear Clonezilla boot CD/USB before touching anything about kernel and the heart of your system, this way you'll be able to safely revert back changes ;)
Safest Solution
Start Synaptics Package Manager, open Settings top-bar menu > Repositories > Developer Options tab, and enable Pre-released updates. Indeed your issue may have been fixed in latest v4.4.0-x.
So it's safer to try this before any exotic solution like the wild method described below, it's not advisable to play too much with a Long-Term Support release's kernel versions, at least if you want to keep the stability advantage of LTS. This xenial-proposed repo currently provides kernel version 4.4.0-36.55 with its extra package (= less chances of compatibility errors after reboot).
Wild Wild Way
Upgrade your kernel version, the problem may have been fixed in most recent kernels. Read how to do this and what to be careful about at Ubuntu Wiki. The link under Upstream kernels archive title in this page is where you'll find the packages to install. It could be of some interest to read this Wiki article about upstream kernel differences.
As of today I would recommend you to try v4.6.3-yakkety and if your issue isn't fixed yet, please try v4.7.1. No extra package is available for this mainline builds anyway, so you have to understand what you do before doing it, don't complain if this kernels kill your kittens.


unable to connect to Upstart Failed to connect to socket com/ubuntu/upstart : connection refused

When I run sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade it works getting packages, unpacking .... as follows but it ends with the message

Errors were encountered while processing:  runit  git-daemon-run E:
Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  containerd.io snapd-login-service
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages have been kept back:
  docker-ce kubeadm kubectl kubelet kubernetes-cni linux-generic-hwe-16.04 linux-headers-generic-hwe-16.04
  linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04
The following packages will be upgraded:
  erlang-asn1 erlang-base erlang-crypto erlang-eldap erlang-ftp erlang-inets erlang-mnesia erlang-os-mon erlang-parsetools
  erlang-public-key erlang-runtime-tools erlang-snmp erlang-ssl erlang-syntax-tools erlang-tftp erlang-tools erlang-xmerl git git-all
  git-arch git-cvs git-daemon-run git-doc git-el git-email git-gui git-mediawiki git-svn gitk gitweb libpcap0.8 libpulse-mainloop-glib0
  libpulse0 libpulsedsp libsmbclient libssh-4 libssh-gcrypt-4 libwbclient0 pulseaudio pulseaudio-module-bluetooth pulseaudio-module-x11
  pulseaudio-utils samba-libs
43 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 8 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 17,9 MB/28,2 MB of archives.
After this operation, 465 kB of additional disk space will be used.

I respond by Yes, a lot of packages got prepared and installed but still

Preparing to unpack .../pulseaudio-utils_1%3a8.0-0ubuntu3.11_amd64.deb
 ... Unpacking pulseaudio-utils (1:8.0-0ubuntu3.11) over
 (1:8.0-0ubuntu3.10) ... Preparing to unpack
 .../pulseaudio-module-x11_1%3a8.0-0ubuntu3.11_amd64.deb ... Unpacking
 pulseaudio-module-x11 (1:8.0-0ubuntu3.11) over (1:8.0-0ubuntu3.10) ...
 Preparing to unpack
 .../pulseaudio-module-bluetooth_1%3a8.0-0ubuntu3.11_amd64.deb ...
 Unpacking pulseaudio-module-bluetooth (1:8.0-0ubuntu3.11) over
 (1:8.0-0ubuntu3.10) ... Preparing to unpack
 .../pulseaudio_1%3a8.0-0ubuntu3.11_amd64.deb ... Unpacking pulseaudio
 (1:8.0-0ubuntu3.11) over (1:8.0-0ubuntu3.10) ... Preparing to unpack
 .../libpulse-mainloop-glib0_1%3a8.0-0ubuntu3.11_amd64.deb ...
 Unpacking libpulse-mainloop-glib0:amd64 (1:8.0-0ubuntu3.11) over
 (1:8.0-0ubuntu3.10) ... Preparing to unpack
 .../libpulse0_1%3a8.0-0ubuntu3.11_amd64.deb ... Unpacking
 libpulse0:amd64 (1:8.0-0ubuntu3.11) over (1:8.0-0ubuntu3.10) ...
 Preparing to unpack .../libssh-4_0.6.3-4.3ubuntu0.5_amd64.deb ...
 Unpacking libssh-4:amd64 (0.6.3-4.3ubuntu0.5) over
 (0.6.3-4.3ubuntu0.2) ... Preparing to unpack
 .../libssh-gcrypt-4_0.6.3-4.3ubuntu0.5_amd64.deb ... Unpacking
 libssh-gcrypt-4:amd64 (0.6.3-4.3ubuntu0.5) over (0.6.3-4.3ubuntu0.2)
 ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ... Processing triggers
 for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu11) ... /sbin/ldconfig.real:
 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1 is not a symbolic link

 Processing triggers for doc-base (0.10.7) ... Processing 13 changed
 doc-base files... Processing triggers for dbus (1.10.6-1ubuntu3.5) ...
 Setting up git (1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.7) ... Setting up git-svn
 (1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.7) ... Setting up git-el (1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.7) ...
 Install git for emacs Install git for emacs24 install/git: Handling
 install of emacsen flavor emacs24 install/git: Byte-compiling for
 emacs24
 + emacs24 -batch -q -no-site-file -f batch-byte-compile git.el git-blame.el Wrote /usr/share/emacs24/site-lisp/git/git.elc Wrote
 /usr/share/emacs24/site-lisp/git/git-blame.elc Setting up runit
 (2.1.2-3ubuntu1) ... start: Unable to connect to Upstart: Failed to
 connect to socket /com/ubuntu/upstart: Connection refused dpkg: error
 processing package runit (--configure):  subprocess installed
 post-installation script returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency
 problems prevent configuration of git-daemon-run:  git-daemon-run
 depends on runit; however:   Package runit is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package git-daemon-run (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured

Setting up gitweb (1:2.7.4-0ubuntu1.7) ...
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a         followup error from a previous failure.

I tried

sudo apt -f install

same thing.

Again, I installed openssh, everything went OK except at the end I got the same message

Thnaks


How to load graphical display manager when booting?

Answer edited out from the question:

I found a partial fix and just in case anyone else is having the same problem which is extremely annoying.

It turned out to be an issue with Lightdm. Anyway to fix this, I removed lightdm and went back to using GDM which is GNOME display manager. It's extremely ugly but at least it lets you boot.

In order to do that you should follow these steps:

When in the black ugly screen hold down Ctrl + Alt + F1. If nothing happens hold F2 instead.
Enter your credentials
sudo vi /etc/X11/default-display-manager
Change it to /usr/sbin/gdm

(If you're not familiar with vi: edit, then save by entering :
then wq! )
sudo reboot

My answer to the question:

When the loading stops with the 'ugly black screen', enter one of the ttys (for example Ctrl + Alt + F1) and login into your system.

Then enter sudo service lightdm restart

If it says unrecognized service, try the command sudo apt-get install lightdm

This should ensure that Lightdm is properly installed.


Your system has suffered from catastrophic data loss. (Hopefully this hasn't occurred in your /home partition as well.) You could try to recover it, but I don't have the experience to suggest how. Instead, please follow these instructions to make sure your data is safe:

Obtain a Ubuntu Live CD / Live USB. You probably already have one of these somewhere, but if not you can follow this guide.
Boot from the Live CD. If you don't know how to do this, look it up based on your computer model. If you don't know your computer model, try mashing all of the Fn keys while the computer is starting up but before it reaches Ubuntu.
While you're waiting, ensure that a large external drive is plugged in.
Choose Try Ubuntu.
Open a file manager.
Select the partition containing your /home folder or its contents.

You might find an empty /home folder; don't panic – it just means that your files are stored on another partition.
Copy the files that you want to keep.

Now that you have recovered your files, you can make the system bootable again:

Find the /bin folder of your computer (not of the live CD).
Start a terminal in this folder.
Run the command:

cp -L /bin/sh .

If this prompts to overwrite a file, stop; an assumption I made about exactly how your system was broken has been proven wrong.
Restart your computer, this time booting normally.
You should be greeted to a recovery console. If not, see step 11.

From here, you might be able to get your system up and running. I doubt it though; it's probably easiest to reinstall once you've verified that you have all of your files.


I have a 32-bit Ubuntu version 12.04 and I successfuly installed LEXMARK Prospect PRO 205 printer.

This is the way how.

Suppose that you allready have CUPS installed in Ubuntu (it is there by default).

Download driver from lexmark support page:
- 32-bit Postscript Printer Description (PPD) for CUPS-based and OpenOffice Printing with Debian-based packaging

Install a driver with Ubuntu software center.

Add a printer with CUPS web based administration:
"http://localhost:631/admin"


How to have multiple instances of the same program in unity?

Click the icon of the running application with the middle mouse button.


Network Manager drops wifi and won't remember password

Please do:

echo "options rt2800pci nohwcrypt=1" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rt2800pci.conf
sudo modprobe -rfv rt2800pci
sudo modprobe -v rt2800pci

watch for errors.


How to uninstall Ubuntu from one drive and install in another drive?

Since you've used the "Install alongside Windows" option, you've allowed automatic partition resizing where the Windows partition would be shrunk by the amount that you selected for Ubuntu, and appropriate partition will be created to get Ubuntu installed there.
You can then restart and choose the OS you want to boot from the GRUB menu.

"... how to uninstall Ubuntu from one drive and install in another drive?"
Here are the points you'll have to remember while you do this:

Boot Live Ubuntu and with the help of partition manager delete the partition where Ubuntu is currently installed, and this will create some unallocated space;

Using partition manager, you'll have to assign a proper filesystem to the unallocated space i.e. create a new partition; and maybe you'd look to merge it to some other partition;

You can then appropriately format (with ext* filesystem) the target drive/partition where you want to install Ubuntu and install there. (You can install Ubuntu to extended partitions; while root (i.e. /) partition is a must, you can also create swap partition or separate partitions for your /home, /boot if you prefer to.)

References:

Installing Ubuntu to a Specific Partition ("Something Else")

(Step 7-C "Something Else.."): Step-by-step beginner's guide to installing Ubuntu


Can't install any software from software center

Have you modified any software sources?  Did you download what you are trying to install from somewhere?  If so, it is saying that the application is not trusted.  You can choose to install it but you run the risk of an unstable system


Toughbook CF-C2 touch screen not detected

...I think on some Panasonic CF-C2 models (I have the CF-C2CCAZXCM model that comes also with a stylus), the USB id changed and it isn't recognized by the current wacom.ko kernel module . Below are the steps that I used to get the multi-touch, and the stylus working with Ubuntu 14.04 . Please note that these are from my own notes during the process, and may not be fully polished. Most of my sources online were from varied websites found via Google, but the most important website was probably:

http://linuxwacom.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Input-wacom (wiki on the input-wacom driver )

Anyway, I hope it helps someone out there.

- sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-source
- sudo apt-get build-dep xf86-input-wacom (optional ?)
- download input-wacom-0.23.0.tar.bz2
(http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxwacom/files/xf86-input-wacom/input-wacom/)
- tar -jvxf input-wacom-0.23.0.tar.bz2
- cd 3.7
- vi wacom_wac.c
(@line 2241)
static const struct wacom_features wacom_features_0x117 =
        { "Wacom ISDv4 117",      WACOM_PKGLEN_MTTPC,     26202, 16325,  255,
          0, MTTPC, WACOM_INTUOS_RES, WACOM_INTUOS_RES };
...
(@line 2471)
{ USB_DEVICE_WACOM(0x117) },

:wq (save and quit)

- cd ..
- ./configure
- make
- sudo cp 3.7/wacom.ko /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/input/tablet/.
- sudo vi /etc/modules
wacom (add this additional entry in /etc/modules)

- sudo vi  /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-wacom.conf
Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "Wacom touch options"
        MatchDriver "wacom"
        MatchProduct "Finger"

        Option "TopX" "80"
        Option "TopY" "-111"
        Option "BottomX" "11067"
        Option "BottomY" "6170"
EndSection

- reboot

reboot


How can I know the usernames connected to my system?

I'm not sure I understand your question correctly, but if you want to know the user names logged on to you machine, via ssh over the network or directly in front of it, you could run the w command in a terminal:

egil@mutter:~$ w
 10:51:12 up 104 days, 20:27,  2 users,  load average: 0.16, 0.14, 0.09
USER     TTY      FROM              LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT
egil     pts/0    foo.example.com. 10:51    0.00s  0.35s  0.00s w


How to access other Disk(hard disk) from Ubuntu 20.04?

LDM partitions are not supported by Ubuntu.
If you want to use this disk with Ubuntu, you need to backup your data and create a new partition table on this disk.


How can install the catalyst/flgrx driver, for only a single kernel version (or GRUB menu entry)?

This is not a complete step-by-step solution, but you look experienced enough. :-)

Fglrx driver is installed using dkms.

You can always remove this diver for a specific kernel by command

sudo dkms remove <module_name>/<module_version> -k <kernel_version>

module_name is fglrx or fglrx_pci if I remember it correct.

Also you can edit /usr/src/<module_name>-<module_version>/dkms.conf and remove AUTOINSTALL=yes from there.

But the problem may be in installation scripts that may blacklist radeon driver. So it needs some research in the deb package and testing.

So it is feasible, but IMHO it is not worth efforts.

You can always install fglrx from a deb package, and if something goes wrong just remove it from console.


Packages that need to request a reboot of the system can call /usr/share/update-notifier/notify-reboot-required, this will update a couple of files that will do what you need (setting the system indicator to red and ask the user to reboot to complete the installation).

You can look at the kernel package's packaging for more details, or this answer may also help:

How can I tell what package requires a reboot of my system?


How to extract and join files xxx.zip, xxx.z01 and xxx.z02

Try:

zip -FF 1.zip --out 1-full.zip
unzip -FF 1-full.zip

I think most likely some data is broken many times so you need the -FF still in unzip. A single -F may work also though.


Gmusicbrowser does not let me bind Fn key

gmusicbrowser FAQ: How do I control gmusicbrowser with global shortcuts or multimedia keys ?

You have to configure your window manager to execute the command gmusicbrowser -cmd PlayPause when the key combination you want is pressed. Replace "PlayPause" by the command you want, to see the list of available commands, run gmusicbrowser -listcmd.

If you have the DBus perl bindings, you can also control gmusicbrowser though the DBus interface.

If you use Gnome > 2.18, you can use the included gnome multimedia keys plugin (needs DBus perl bindings), that will automatically make the Play/Pause, Stop, Previous and Next multimedia keys work.

Also this: Getting Media Keys to work with Gmusicbrowser?
and this:  gmusicbrowser ignores keyboard shortcuts might be helpful.


Sharing internet to Ubuntu 12.04 VMWare guest

The user noted in a comment that he wrote down the values of his IP address. He applied those to the configuration using NAT. Now the system seems to work.


What and where is /sbin/service in ubuntu 16.04?

On 16.04, the service executable is located in /usr/sbin/.

So you could either run

/usr/sbin/service youtrack start

or even just

service youtrack start

because normally you don't need to specify the full path of the commands you run, as they are usually located in a directory that is part of your PATH environment variable. The shell automatically searches all those directories whenever you try to run a command without full path.

By the way, if you know the command (e.g. service) and want to know which executable this will call and where that one is located, you can use the which command:

$ which service
/usr/sbin/service


How does DNS resolution work without any nameserver entries in resolv.conf?

Network Manager uses dynamically your /etc/resolv.conf with dnsmasq. Each connection can have our dns server listed.

If you wish to avoid this behavior you can do this

In /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf comment out the dns=dnsmasq

sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile,ofono
#dns=dnsmasq

no-auto-default=00:22:64:4E:6F:70,

[ifupdown]
managed=fals

and restart the NM service

sudo restart network-manager

With this /etc/resolv.conf is no longer dependant on resolvconf package and is updated based on the DNS entries of each connection in the Network Manager

Also you can add nameserver in /etc/resolv.conf. If you have not set dns in NM per connection this will be used

sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 8.8.4.4
nameserver 8.8.8.8

You can stop and disable the resolvconf service and only use static defined dns servers from /etc/resolv.conf

Stop the service resolvconf

sudo service resolvconf stop

disable it

sudo update-rc.d resolvconf disable

disable resolvconf to overwrite resolv.conf

create /etc/init/resolvconf.override with single line manual

echo 'manual' | sudo tee /etc/init/resolvconf.override

remove symbolic link /etc/resolv.conf

rm /etc/resolv.conf

create resolv.conf with static dns entry

echo "namserver x.x.x.x." > /etc/resolv.conf


Ubuntu 18.04 LTS install failed from DVD-R

In order to install Ubuntu 18.04 LTS in the most painless way possible, have a look at this question Link for question

Also, you can Download the ISO from http://releases.ubuntu.com/18.04/
For writing the data to a DVD-R/USB i would recommend you try this tool https://rufus.ie/

I recommend that instead of writing it to a DVD-R,you should write it to a USB drive as it would be easier to format and create a new Bootable disk if required.

If you have any more questions I'd be happy to help


For the first option NVIDIA Corporation Unknown I changed the option from 'Using xorg server' to using NVIDIA driver.

After restart,the issue was solved.
My daughter had probably changed it while being naughty :)


Not all songs synching on my Android smartphone when using Banshee

This is not just a Banshee problem, most syncing programs - rsync for example - also chokes when certain special characters exist within file names.  And that's the issue, it's filenames, not song names that cause problems - song names are recorded in metadata.  Knock up a shell script that replaces these special characters in the filenames, rescan and everything should look the same but should now sync without issue.

Regards,
Simon.


In guake, why only the first tab is transparent?

I just installed Guake in Ubunut 13.04 using:

sudo apt-get install guake

It installed version 0.4.4, and all tabs are transparent.  See images below.

I think it might be something wrong with your setup.


Is there a difference between downloading / installing a list of packages and downloading each package by its own?

Yes, different packages can be selected to satisfy dependencies. Running 1 command that specifies N packages to be installed will sometimes have a different effect from running N commands each of which specifies 1 package to be installed, even when the actual packages specified are the same in each case.

The main practical difference is probably the one karel has described. However, the effects can differ even when all operations succeed, due to different dependency resolution.

The reason is as you broadly surmised:

  I'm asking mostly dependencies-topo-sort related

More specifically, this happens because there can be more than one alternative that satisfies a dependency.

Abstract Explanation

Suppose you wish to install package a, which depends on a virtual package v, and v can be satisfied by package b or package c and in no other way. Suppose b does not depend on c, c does not depend on b, and none of those packages are installed already. Now suppose you run:

sudo apt-get install a

Then APT will select b or c to satisfy the dependency. Which one it picks is the result of a computation it performs that may be affected by what packages you have installed, what packages are available, what version of APT you are using, and how it is configured. But when all these conditions are the same, the decision will be made the same each time.

Suppose without loss of generality that it picks b. Then a and b are installed. Suppose you then run:

sudo apt-get install c

After that, a, b, and c are all installed. That is, all three packages were installed as a result of running:

sudo apt-get install a
sudo apt-get install c

In contrast, suppose you were to run this command instead of those:

sudo apt-get install a c

Then, since a's dependency on v is satisfied by c, b is not installed. That is, only a and c, but not b, are installed as a consequence of running:

sudo apt-get install a c

Concrete Example

You can find concrete examples of this by running apt or apt-get with the -s option, which causes it to simulate your action rather than performing it. (Just remember that you cannot fully confirm them just with apt-get -s/apt -s, because earlier apt-get -s/apt -s commands do not affect later ones, since they do not affect anything, since they are only simulations.)

Running sudo apt-get install jedit on my Ubuntu 16.04 LTS system would install several OpenJDK 8 packages:

ek@Io:~$ apt -s install jedit
NOTE: This is only a simulation!
      apt-get needs root privileges for real execution.
      Keep also in mind that locking is deactivated,
      so don't depend on the relevance to the real current situation!
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  ca-certificates-java default-jre default-jre-headless java-common java-wrappers openjdk-8-jre openjdk-8-jre-headless
Suggested packages:
  default-java-plugin icedtea-8-plugin fonts-wqy-zenhei fonts-indic
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  ca-certificates-java default-jre default-jre-headless java-common java-wrappers jedit openjdk-8-jre
  openjdk-8-jre-headless
0 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 0 to remove and 11 not upgraded.
Inst java-wrappers (0.1.28 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all])
Inst ca-certificates-java (20160321ubuntu1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-updates [all]) []
Inst java-common (0.56ubuntu2 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all]) []
Inst openjdk-8-jre-headless (8u222-b10-1ubuntu1~16.04.1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-updates, Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-security [amd64])
Inst default-jre-headless (2:1.8-56ubuntu2 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [amd64])
Inst openjdk-8-jre (8u222-b10-1ubuntu1~16.04.1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-updates, Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-security [amd64])
Inst default-jre (2:1.8-56ubuntu2 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [amd64])
Inst jedit (5.3.0+dfsg-1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all])
Conf java-wrappers (0.1.28 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all])
Conf java-common (0.56ubuntu2 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all])
Conf ca-certificates-java (20160321ubuntu1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-updates [all])
Conf openjdk-8-jre-headless (8u222-b10-1ubuntu1~16.04.1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-updates, Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-security [amd64])
Conf default-jre-headless (2:1.8-56ubuntu2 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [amd64])
Conf openjdk-8-jre (8u222-b10-1ubuntu1~16.04.1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-updates, Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-security [amd64])
Conf default-jre (2:1.8-56ubuntu2 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [amd64])
Conf jedit (5.3.0+dfsg-1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all])

If I told APT to install both jedit and openjdk-9-jre by running sudo apt-get install jedit openjdk-9-jre, then it wouldn't install OpenJDK 8 packages, because jedit's dependency on a Java runtime is satisfied by OpenJDK 9 packages:

ek@Io:~$ apt -s install jedit openjdk-9-jre
NOTE: This is only a simulation!
      apt-get needs root privileges for real execution.
      Keep also in mind that locking is deactivated,
      so don't depend on the relevance to the real current situation!
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  ca-certificates-java java-common java-wrappers libatk-wrapper-java libatk-wrapper-java-jni openjdk-9-jre-headless
Suggested packages:
  default-jre icedtea-8-plugin fonts-indic
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  ca-certificates-java java-common java-wrappers jedit libatk-wrapper-java libatk-wrapper-java-jni openjdk-9-jre
  openjdk-9-jre-headless
0 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 0 to remove and 11 not upgraded.
Inst java-wrappers (0.1.28 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all])
Inst ca-certificates-java (20160321ubuntu1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-updates [all]) []
Inst java-common (0.56ubuntu2 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all]) []
Inst openjdk-9-jre-headless (9~b114-0ubuntu1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [amd64])
Inst libatk-wrapper-java (0.33.3-6 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all])
Inst libatk-wrapper-java-jni (0.33.3-6 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [amd64])
Inst openjdk-9-jre (9~b114-0ubuntu1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [amd64])
Inst jedit (5.3.0+dfsg-1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all])
Conf java-wrappers (0.1.28 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all])
Conf java-common (0.56ubuntu2 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all])
Conf ca-certificates-java (20160321ubuntu1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial-updates [all])
Conf openjdk-9-jre-headless (9~b114-0ubuntu1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [amd64])
Conf libatk-wrapper-java (0.33.3-6 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all])
Conf libatk-wrapper-java-jni (0.33.3-6 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [amd64])
Conf openjdk-9-jre (9~b114-0ubuntu1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [amd64])
Conf jedit (5.3.0+dfsg-1 Ubuntu:16.04/xenial [all])

If I installed jedit and openjdk-9-jre with two separate sudo apt-get install commands, issued in that order, then I would get both OpenJDK 8 and OpenJDK 9 packages.


Run DNS service on registered domain for global name resolution

You can find a good explanation about how dns work on wikippedia.

As a simplification, you can look at it like an inverse file system. To discover the IP address for mydomain.net a computer will work in a similar way that to find a file on /net/mydomain. First it must read the root dir to find where id the net dir, in dns land it will have to ask the root servers for .net. Then it will read the net dir to search for mydomain, in dns land it will ask the.net server for mydomain.

Note that this was not a technically correct answer. Filesystems don't work that way, DNS caching and multiple DNS makes name resolving more complicated. But I feel that it is a simple model.

Back to your problem: the .net root dns are saying that the authoritative dns for your domain are dns1.stabletransit.com. and dns2.stabletransit.com.. So when a computer is triying to resolve test.mydomain.net it will ask dns1.stabletransit.com for the test.mydoin.net IP, not your server, and stabletransit doesn't know anything about test.

You have two options:

1) The sensible and easy one. Forget about running your dns server and just add test.mydomain.net to dns1.stabletransit.com. There is likely some option to do it where you bougth the domain.

2) The geek way, great for learning. Delegate your dns to your own server, learn all about dns, find some secondaries (your ISP will likely do it) and have fun. You will have to read quite a lot of documentation and experiment a little. Be sure that you are able to access your domain by IP, you will need it when (not if) something goes wrong.


if it runs every hour, then it is probably a cron job, try taking a look at the jobs in

/etc/cron.hourly

The cause may well be indirect, mount could be triggered by all sorts of things, like udev rules firing for whatever reason. If it is trying to mount an unclean filesystem it will have to do quite a bit of work to check it first.
If you never want to mount this partition from linux, you should probably ignore it in your /etc/fstab


Is it possible to move the content view of terminal to the center while full screen the window?

The only thing I can think of is changing terminal to something that supports multiple, tiled terminals. In my case the easiest way is through terminator (which is an alternative terminal application). Just surround your active terminal with other terminals:

Or you could do it session-side with a multiplexer like tmux. I don't have any experience there so you'll have to play on your own.

Or you can add padding to your terminals. Some of the Gnomier options use a form of CSS so you might even be able to add a variable amount (like 10%)... Worth a play if this is something you're really after.


Change and increase default swap file location

Yes, you can do this. I don't have a Windows machine to tell you exactly what buttons to push, but this is the process for adding another device:

Shut down the Ubuntu VM (if it's running)
Open the "Settings" for your VM
Choose "Storage"
Click on "Controller: SATA" (or whatever storage device you have that is not IDE)
Click the little "Add Hard Disk" icon. This will open another little window.
Choose "Create". This will start a wizard.
Stick with "VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image) as the type
Choose "Dynamically allocated" (there are speed advantages to going with "fixed size", but this will pre-allocate the full size of the disk image immediately rather than allowing it to grow naturally)
Select the location for the VDI file. You can have it anywhere on your machine, even on a USB stick if you are so inclined
Choose the size (up to 2TB)
Press "Create"

That's it for the Windows side. Make sure the new device is added to your Ubuntu VM and press "Start" to boot the VM.
Once in Ubuntu, do this:

Open GParted
Find the device you just added
Create a new partition
Follow this guide to use the partition for swap and updating the system to use that partition

Enjoy your 100GB of swap


What is the diference between a normal boot and resume option after a recovery boot?

Recovery mode grub menu entry has the following differences from normal startup:

It has nomodeset boot option set
It emits recovery event instead of startup which does the following:

starts services: hostname, console-setup, setvtrb
emits mounted event for /run to trigger resolvconf and mounted-run.

With resume from the recovery console the start event is emmited and the normal boot is started.

sources:

/etc/grub/grub.cfg
/usr/share/initramfs-tools/init
/etc/init/friendly-recovery.conf

My guess is that you should boot your machine with the nomodeset option


Read the first message after opening multiple messages

I accidentally found a solution!

All you have to do is sort the messages other way around by date. So that all the new messages will be at the top and all the old messages at the bottom (might need getting used to). See the image.

After this, once you open the multiple tabs, it will still open the last tab. But this last tab will be the "first message" you want (or oldest message by date).

P.S. Hopefully I understood you correctly.

P.S.S. You might know this already, but just in case, there is a conversation feature in Thunderbird. Which opens complete conversation in separate tab. The command for it is Ctrl+Shift+O or right click + "Open message in Conversation".

Also there the is a more Gmail like conversation style that is available via an add-on. Here is the article about it: How to Enable Gmail-like Conversation View in Thunderbird and this is the add-on: Thunderbird Conversations.


Try the following steps:

Run the following commands:

LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:$LIBRARY_PATH
export LIBRARY_PATH

This will eliminate the need to explicitly define the path whenever the C program is compiled.

Install the following packages:

sudo apt-get install libc6-dev
sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib

Create a symbolic link:

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/lib64


After this problem's been bothering me for months, I discovered the answer right after I posted the question!

In the Word Save As dialogue box, select PDF at Save as type and then click Options. Now untick ISO 19005-1 compliant (PDF/A).


Aquaris 4.5e - which ebook reader works?

Beru has an inbuilt browser that let's you download epubs.
Using that instead of the system's browser should give no such error.

In the main menu choose "Download Books".
Then you have the option between "Project Gutenberg", "Open Library", "MobileRead Epubs", and "Search the Web"

To download epubs from a custom url choose the option "Search the Web" and enter the url you want to download from into the search field.
Important: Enter the url with leading http:// otherwise the url will not load.


Is there an equivalent to the Compiz Expose type plugin for Unity?

I don't think there is, but 11.04 Unity does use Compiz, and has that feature.


"Merge" or "Slipstream" Wine into Ubuntu LiveCD

Yeah it is possible.
use uck (available in softwarecentre)
you can add extra packages to live cd via uck
if you want to backup existing system you can use remastersys


youtube-dl preserve slashes in video title

youtube-dl -J --flat-playlist produces a JSON dump for the whole playlist, including the original titles (with escaped double quotes). -j for a JSON dump of each video.


How do I delete mail from /var/mail/user specified by a date range?

You can use mutt for this purpose. It is a small but very powerful text based program for reading and sending electronic mail:
sudo apt install mutt

The steps are:

Run mutt in to a terminal.

Press Shift+D - delete-pattern - delete messages matching a pattern.

Type the pattern: ~d 01/01/2016-31/12/2016 and press Enter. You could use also the pattern ~d 1/16-12/16. Where ~d [MIN]-[MAX] means messages with “date-sent” in a Date range.

Press q and then hit Enter again.

Other useful patterns according to the current topic could be:

~d>30d - will delete the messages older than 30 days.
~m 120-234 - will delete the messages with numbers in the range 123 to 234.

References:

NeoMutt Guide:Advanced Usage
Mutt:Deleting messages older than 30 days
How do I delete messages specified by a number range?


"The VGA card is not supported by UEFI driver"

This just means that the UEFI mode BIOS does not fully support your video card, so it needs to enable CSM mode which can make it work using old BIOS mode controls. It's unfortunate, but not much you can do about it, just live with it.

You can still boot in UEFI mode, even though CSM compatibility is enabled.

Once the system is up this CSM mode does not really affect anything.


How do I disable my system from going to sleep?

On Ubuntu 16.04 LTS, I successfully used the following to disable suspend:

sudo systemctl mask sleep.target suspend.target hibernate.target hybrid-sleep.target

And this to re-enable it:

sudo systemctl unmask sleep.target suspend.target hibernate.target hybrid-sleep.target

From man systemctl:

mask NAME...
           Mask one or more units, as specified on the command line. This
           will link these unit files to /dev/null, making it impossible to
           start them. This is a stronger version of disable, since it
           prohibits all kinds of activation of the unit, including
           enablement and manual activation. Use this option with care. This
           honors the --runtime option to only mask temporarily until the
           next reboot of the system. The --now option may be used to ensure
           that the units are also stopped. This command expects valid unit
           names only, it does not accept unit file paths.

 unmask NAME...
           Unmask one or more unit files, as specified on the command line.
           This will undo the effect of mask. This command expects valid
           unit names only, it does not accept unit file paths.


These two issues are probably not related at all.

Unity Tweak Tool

When Ubuntu is upgraded, 3rd party PPAs (repositories) are disabled. Maybe you're still using an old Unity Tweek Tool that is NOT compatible with Ubuntu 13.04.

Check your Unity Tweak Tool version. Open a terminal and paste this command:

dpkg -l | grep unity-tweak-tool

The latest version available at the moment of writing this is 0.0.5-0~136~raring1. If you have an older version, go to the official PPA, add it again to your system and then update.

Thunderbird

You are not providing too much information. This can be caused by several problems. These are some of the most common:

Disk space

Check that there is disk space available. You can do that on several ways, but a very simple and quick one is by using the terminal. Launch a terminal from Unity, and run this command

df -h

You'll see one line for every mount point. If you see some mount point with a large usage (>95%) try to free some space.

Package manager Status

The package manager status could be bad, so some packages can be mid-installed, or mid-upgraded. You can check that by issuing this command:

sudo apt-get -f install

If that says 0 packages for updating and such, everything is fine. Don't worry about not updated packages. You can have some not updated packages and still everything is fine.

User profile

Maybe your Thunderbird user profile is corrupted somehow. The easiest way to test this is to create another user, login as that user, and try to run Thunderbird.

If Thunderbird is working with that user, then just simply move your old Thunderbird profile to some other location.

mv ~/.thunderbird ~/.thunderbird-old

And then try to start Thunderbird again. You will lose your configurations, though. But worry not, you can still configure it again to access your local mail, if available.


Enabling Hot plug removable media. Virtualbox windows guest ubuntu host

While it's not stated directly in VirtualBox docs, filters with all criteria empty are ignored.

Possible Workaround

To achieve behavior close to wanted you can create multiple filters - one for each USB port. But even this approach not gives exactly the same result - ports are not real USB connectors of your moherboard, but USB controller/hub ports.

To determine port number for each of USB socket insert some USB device and find it's port with command:

VBoxManage list usbhost

Also make sure your user is in vboxusers system group (remember logoff-logon after adding to user to group).

More about creating USB filters in VirtualBox manual:

  https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch03.html#idp54668304


Ubuntu 16.04 - M.2 SSD doesn't display anything when using smartctl -a; unknown device type

Use this instead
sudo nvme list
sudo nvme smart-log /dev/nvme0


How to access /var/www/html folder from ubuntu user through SFTP

You need to log in as a user with sudo permission, or as root. If the user does not have root permission, they have to respect the folder owner

And since the owner is apache, of course certain non sudo users can't access it


GOP:

The video quality and compression ratio depends on Group of Pictures (GOP) structure. GOP structure also affects the distortion sensitivity of the video stream due to packet losses.

Increasing the GOP length, also increases the video quality. But after reaching the highest PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio), it starts to decrease. In the first increasing period, the efficient coding plays major role, so higher of GOP lengths lead to a better quality. After the optimal of GOP settings, when the video quality is the highest, the error propagation effect becomes more significant. Hence, using higher Intra frame (I-frame or Key frame) intervals, the error will be spreading because of significant distortion.Source

Each type of video has different optimal GOP, depend on its characteristic.

Key Frame and Animation:

Videos or moving images - we're just tricking our minds; they're just still images displayed at a rapid succession! And the illusion gets better and smoother if the next frame appears at/before 1/25th of a second which is the Human eye afterimage persistance time interval and the reason for motion perception.

Illustration 1: (source: Wikipedia)

Fig: A sequence of video frames, consisting of two keyframes (I), one forward-predicted frame (P) and one bi-directionally predicted frame (B).

(You may note that, in the above image the value of GOP, -g is 3, one key-frame with two supplimentary frames.)

Illustration 2: (source: Wikipedia)

Fig: A very simple animation created by key-framing. The animation lacks smoothness because each frame is completely independent of any other frame.

A possible Q&A:

Q. Aren't key frames enough? Why would we need to have the supplimentary/intermediate P-frames, B-frames?

A. Yes... but the use of such intermediate frames allow to reduce the overall size of the file (video).

For better quality video/streaming, you'd look to use low compression ratio but high frame rate which means high -g value with avconv (optimum GOP value is nearly half the value of frames/sec). As evident, the value for -g will have to be specified based on the coders, compression ratio, frame rates that you're using for the transcoding/streaming purpose; it's a relative quantity so there's no general value you can use with all inputs.

According to this link the value of GOP for most media would be about half the value of frame rate so that the key frame would be about 0.5 seconds apart and would produce a good quality video. We may also note that other link shows the PSNR attains a constant value at around half the test frame rate as indicated in the graph plot.

But the optimal value seems to lie around 1/6th to 1/4th the test frame rate.

And yeah, so you should be looking to use -g value around or in the range 1/6th to 1/4th so that the key frames appear every 0.17 to 0.25 seconds; and probably comment to improve the answer :)

References:

Group of pictures
Video compression picture types
GOP Length
Effect
Analysis on H.264/AVC
Video
Streaming
Transmission Quality
over LTE Network


Cannot Boot Win XP or Ubuntu from hard drive - get Input Not Supported

This message is coming to you via a properly booted instance of Ubuntu 11.10.  I have also test booted into Windows XP.  It's working fine also.

I changed monitors and life is wonderful.

It appears the software was working all along; I was just not able to see it.

The prior monitor was an Acer P221w.  The one I'm using now is a Samsung SyncMaster 910mp.


After a bit more searching, I found the answer was the MySQL setup.  In the /etc/mysql/my.cnf, MySQL was only listening on port 3306 for local traffic.  This was fixed by removing the line bind-address = 127.0.0.1 in the my.cnf file.