Nvidia won't work on Ubuntu Server 16.04 with Lxde

LXDE doesn't support hardware acceleration...  So what you're trying to do (LXDE on a server with hardware video acceleration) is impossible at the time of this writing.
The only solution is: Choose another Desktop Environment..
Sorry!  :-(


I recommend moving your personal folders and, if applicable, your music files to the new drive.  Format it with 4096K cluster sizes for best performance and go with NTFS.

for me, it's my downloads, music and video folders that are huge.  I run SSD's for my operating system, and redirect all downloads to the HDD, which is also where I store my music (I added music, downloads, and a video folder to my libraries).

Ubuntu doesn't seem to have a problem working with NTFS, and FAT32 is just bad.

Good luck!


Start by doing this:

sudo apt purge php7.0-common php-common

This will tell the system to attempt to remove the 'common shared files' that all versions of PHP share.  This will in turn work to remove the PHP CLI binaries and other binaries related to PHP, and should generate a large list of things to remove.

Note that if you have any webservers installed because you installed PHP (that is, they were installed as a result of apt install php) they will be autoremoved as well.

You may want to clean up after with sudo apt autoremove to remove any extra leftovers that are no longer needed by your purge calls above.


VPN connection successfully established, but IP address does not change

I was able to solve the problem by adding OpenDNS servers (208.67.222.222, 208.67.220.220) under IPv4 Settings, Automatic (VPN) addresses only. I also reticked the 'Use this connection only for resources on its network' box. Now it's working. IP address is changing.

Thanks


Menu and title don't line up in the top panel?

You would need to change or modify your theme. It is not controlled by the metacity theme, but rather by your gtk theme (metacity has nothing to do with the unity panel).


Dell G3 3590 - Geforce GTX 1050 - Laptop Display Wont Work

Nomodeset is for testing and should not be used all the time. Since you are using a NVIDIA card I suggest you are installing the NVIDIA drivers from the "Software & Update" app in Ubuntu.
Just search for "Additional drivers" in your "Activities" and it will install the appropriate drivers.
Remove the "nomodeset" parameter from grub afterwards..


sshguard - must a user declare behavior rules?

All what you will need to do is:

Setup your iptables for ports managed by sshguard as writen in article.
Review defaults for sshguard in config. You will need to check if default values fits your server needs. Ex. number of failed auths on ssh before adding ip drop to iptables. Or time for which the rule should be there.

Most of those should be fine but when you are running service where auth failures are quite common like webmail where user is trying to remember his password by trying it 10times or 20 times you should consider checking the config.


"ldap_add: Naming violation (64)" error when configuring OpenLDAP

This link helped install LDAP without any error and had to edit only the starting lines 2,3 and 4. Just checked the ldap installation and configuration with webmin


A dependency is a package required by another package to complete its own functionality. There are two popular packaging mechanisms:

debian
RPM

Both these mechanisms use the concept of dependencies. Ubuntu uses debian packaging.

If A and B are two packages and A is a dependency for B, satisfying dependency means installing the version of package A as required by B. So, if you just remove B, A will still be there on your system. If you do sudo apt-get autoremove and no other package requires A, then A will be removed. However, note that if you remove A, B will be automatically removed since B depended on A.


Are servers like apache2 offline by default?

No, apache can be accessed from any other machine. You just need the IP address of your computer to see your apache server on any computer in the network with that IP address. For example, if your computer IP is 192.168.0.101, you can access apache from the same network with:

http://192.168.0.101

To access your apache server from the WAN, you need a static IP/domain. You can create one for free to test at http://www.mydns.com/.


Friends,
Monitored the system last night and found it stable. Thought of sharing my experience on how the problem was solved.

Problem statement
Got email from hosting provider that bandwidth usage has increased multifold.

Hunting for source

Ran iftop -n to find out the flow of data. Clearly my machine was
sending data out.
Ran lsof -i and lsof -o to find out which
process are sending data out.
Got the PID from output of lsof -o
Ran ps -e -o cmd,pid,ppid | grep <pid> to understand the parent
process id. It was found to be 1
Ran grep -rnw '/' -e "camplz" to
find out all the files that had presence of name of the process
Opened the files to read how the scripts were behaving
Ultimately deleted all the infectious files and killed their running
process

More specific information points are in the comments. I believe they could defer for individuals though.

Wrote few scripts during this process. Hope you find them useful.

Script to kill the process whenever it appears

    #!/bin/bash

    while true; do ps -ef | grep camplz | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' |  xargs kill; rm /usr/bin/camplz ; rm /tmp/config.f ; rm /tmp/??af???a???mdkkkk ;  done

Script to monitor bandwidth usage and send email in case it jumps

    #!/bin/bash
    log="/root/net.log"
    current_time=$(date "+%Y.%m.%d-%H.%M.%S")
    if [ -z "$1" ]; then
            echo
            echo usage: $0 network-interface
            echo
            echo e.g. $0 eth0
            echo
            echo shows packets-per-second
            exit
    fi

    IF=$1

    while :;
    do
            R1=`cat /sys/class/net/$1/statistics/rx_bytes`
            T1=`cat /sys/class/net/$1/statistics/tx_bytes`
            sleep 10
            R2=`cat /sys/class/net/$1/statistics/rx_bytes`
            T2=`cat /sys/class/net/$1/statistics/tx_bytes`
            TXPPS=`expr $T2 - $T1`
            RXPPS=`expr $R2 - $R1`
            echo "tx $1: $TXPPS bytes/s rx $1: $RXPPS bytes/s"
                    if [ "$TXPPS" -gt 100000000 ]; then
                    mail -s "Data is being transmitted above 100 MB. Please Check" <put your email id here. e.g. me@mycompany.com> < /dev/null
                            echo "$current_time Mail send successfully" >>$log
                    fi
    done

Thanks to @mikewhatever @DopeGhoti and special thanks to @Serg


libvpx not getting installed in ubuntu 12.04

If you only intend to install the libvpx library package, open a command terminal (Ctrl-Alt-t), and run the command sudo apt-get install libvpx1.

By, including the wildcard * in your command (using libvpx*), you are requesting a number of other files and potentially numerous dependencies.


What information does Zeitgeist collect?

First of all, zeitgeist logs your activity using various sources on your computer to enable searching for recent documents, programs and activities. This is "spying" only for a very broad definition of "spying", and the data it gathers is never sent over the network.

Secondly, RMS refers to the "shopping" results in the dash, which have little to do with zeitgeist. This feature has been controversial, mainly because it's on by default, and because it operates from the "home" lens instead of from a dedicated lens - so one is always sending local search queries over the network when using the dash.

So if you have privacy concerns:

To disable online results entirely in the dash, open the system menu (power-cog icon on the panel) > System Settings... > Privacy > Search results tab, and toggle the "Include online search results" switch to the OFF position.
To only disable the Amazon results, you can uninstall the lens by opening a terminal and typing sudo apt-get remove unity-lens-shopping. You will need to log out and back in for this to take effect.
To effectively move the Amazon results to a separate lens, you can install an alternative implementation of the shopping lens by opening a terminal and typing sudo apt-add-repository ppa:markjtully/ppa, followed by sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install unity-lens-shopping-alternate, followed by sudo apt-get remove unity-lens-shopping. You will need to log out and back in for this to take effect.
To disable zeitgeist, open the system menu (power-cog icon on the panel) > System Settings... > Privacy, and toggle the "Record activity" switch at the bottom of the window to the OFF position.


How to set up keyboard layout switching and indication in Xubuntu?

There is a keyboard layout plugin for xfce - xfce4-xkb-plugin. Install it, if it's not installed, then add it to the panel. Right click its icon and add the layouts you want.

To configure only keyboard shortcut use:

setxkbmap -option grp:switch,grp:alt_shift_toggle us,ru


According to http://www.ubuntu.com/desktop/snappy, if you use snap find without specifying a package name, it will only output "public, promoted results". The relevant quote here is:

  As long as you know the name of the snap you want, and it is public or
  your own private snap, you can install it using its name directly. But
  if you search the store, you’ll only see public, promoted results.


Will reformatting a corrupt SD card fix it?

Short answer is yes.  Reformatting the disk worked in this case.  To officially test it out I installed Raspbian instead of Ubuntu Mate and now it works fine.

Here's a follow up question regarding the corruption that happens when I install Ubuntu Mate.


How to list user installed applications (not packages)?

You can actually use the Ubuntu Software Centre, as shown in the screenshot here:

Also you can see it in Synaptic Bottom left list selections.

By cd /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ && cat *.list you will get list of all repositories in your system.

You can also you Y PPA manager to backup and update your repositories.

  Second Method

[Since this method involves installing all the packages , but if we think that newly Installed OS will already have those 90 % packages , so it will ignore the present ones and install the new manually added ones , which will be only your manually installed applications]

This method from here.

sudo dpkg --get-selections > installed-applications.txt

it will generate a list of installed applications in txt file in home folder.

To use this file to install the same applications you will have to do ( But before this please also add all the Third party Repositories as was present in older one)

sudo dpkg --set-selections < installed-applications.txt
sudo apt-get -y update
sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade

This is also possible through Gui way

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/mintbackup && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mintbackup

I guess image almost speaks itself, backup your selection, then in New installation restore it.


The Directory Contains:

arms01a.m  arms02.m  arms.doc  arms_main01a.c  arms_main02.c  arms.nouniform.c  arms01.m   arms.c    arms.h    arms_main01.c   arms.method

Compile Using gcc
Open terminal inside the directory and type:

gcc -c arms_main01.c -o arms_main01.o
gcc -c arms.c -o arms.o
gcc -o arms01 arms_main01.o arms.o -lm -lc

Running The Program
Executable file created called: arms01 , run it as:

./arms01

Output Result
This program created an output file called: arms.out01, to see the content:

cat arms.out01

Done.

By the way, the directory contains 3 main programs:

arms_main01.c, arms_main01a.c, arms_main02.c

In the example above, we compile and run: arms_main01.c

Please see:

arms01.m, arms01a.m, arms02.m

To know how to compile and run the programs according to the example above.


Accumulator level on my ubuntu-touch tablet in command line

I found a way! The question is solved:

cat /sys/devices/platform/battery/power_supply/battery/capacity


Add a string to a text file from terminal

find and sed are your weapons of choice:

find /mydat/ -exec sed '1i 50' {} \;

That will stick 50 followed by a new line on the beginning of the file.

Alternatively if you don't need recursion or complex selectors for find you can drop find completely:

sed '1i 50' *


Following the changes provided by the GNOME group, many of the "visual errors" are fixed in the following versions after the one you mentioned in your question (Assuming you have the latest one from the date you posted the answer).

A simple (HUGE) update of your Gnome shell should solve this. You can find how to install the PPA right here on askubuntu.

Here is the changes for the 3.2 Version and the 3.4 version:

Gnome 3.2 - http://library.gnome.org/misc/release-notes/3.2/

Gnome 3.4 - http://library.gnome.org/misc/release-notes/3.4/


ionice disk access priority manipulation

ionice sets the priority for all I/O operations. You can't set it for a specific disk. It's bit similar to using nice on a system with more than one processors.

Processes with class 3 (Idle) will only get disk time if no other program has asked for I/O for some time. On a busy system that may mean they'll never get I/O time. This class is often used for programs doing housekeeping tasks in the background.

Among the class 2 (Best-effort) programs I/O time is distributed according to the priority level (the -n parameter). That's the default.

Class 1 (Realtime) have absolute priority and always get disk time whenever they want. A program in this class that is doing a lot of I/O  can block other programs from getting enough disk time to save its data and therefor cause data loss.

Class 0 is basically the same as class 2.


Move file to another user's home directory (without sudo)

You can:

Make your home directory world-readable and writeable.
Login into his account.
Move your files to his directory.
Change ownership of said files.
Logout of his account.
Revert permissions of your home directory.

Detailed Step-by-Step Guide

Assume you're becko and you want to move the files to bob's home directory. Thus the paths for your homes are as follows (by default):

becko: /home/becko/
bob: /home/bob/

Now let's say the paths of the files you want to move are as follows:

/home/becko/file_01
/home/becko/file_02
/home/becko/file_03

Now, with this introduction, we can start.

NOTE: This example assumes all relevant files are one level below your home directory.

Step One: Make your home directory world-readable and writeable

While logged in as yourself, open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T).

Go to your home directory and make it world-readable:

$ cd ~
$ chmod 0777 .

Step Two: Login into his Account

Then, using the example provided above:

$ su - bob

You'll be prompted with his password.

Step Three: Move your files to his directory

After you login, you should see the following prompt (or something close to it):

bob@hellsdesk:~$

Now you are in bob's home directory. Now, time to move your stuff over.

The following commands should do it:

$ mv /home/becko/file_01 .
$ mv /home/becko/file_02 .
$ mv /home/becko/file_03 .

Step Four: Change Ownership of Files:

NOTE: For me, the ownership changed to bob automatically, but might as well be safe than sorry. :)

Commands:

$ chown bob:bob file_01
$ chown bob:bob file_02
$ chown bob:bob file_03

Step Five: Logout of His Account

This one's easy. Type:

$ logout

Your prompt should then change back to something like:

becko@hellsdesk:~$

Step Six: Revert your home directory permissions.

By default, the permissions are 0755. So, we'll do that:

$ chmod 0755 .

Close the terminal and you're done!


How to automate the process of executing a command upon creation of a file

Figuring out when the file is finished being written is the hard part. It is best to use a script like:

#!/bin/sh
program-that-creates-xsd
program-that-does-further-processing

There really aren't any good solutions if you can't structure your program like this. Even with inotify, it is nearly impossible to tell when the XSD is truly finished.


How to find and replace a particular string by increasing its numerical part?

Use a Perl lookbehind:

$ perl -pe 's/(?<=ami)(\d+)/$1+1/eg' inputfile
ami42 ami57
ami24
ami68
ami46 ami35 ami89
jama66
tumi234 bichi23455
susami346

The (?=<ami) tells Perl to look for ami before matching the rest of the pattern, but not actually include it in the match.


I tried this on my lenovo, it works.

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2216720

ganda@Lenovo-G400:~$ /usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p
ATTENTION: default value of option vblank_mode overridden by environment.
ATTENTION: default value of option vblank_mode overridden by environment.
OpenGL vendor string:   Intel Open Source Technology Center
OpenGL renderer string: Mesa DRI Intel(R) Sandybridge Mobile x86/MMX/SSE2
OpenGL version string:  3.0 Mesa 10.1.0

Not software rendered:    yes
Not blacklisted:          yes
GLX fbconfig:             yes
GLX texture from pixmap:  yes
GL npot or rect textures: yes
GL vertex program:        yes
GL fragment program:      yes
GL vertex buffer object:  yes
GL framebuffer object:    yes
GL version is 1.4+:       yes

Unity 3D supported:       yes


Install Deepin DE in Ubuntu 20.04: qtbase-abi-5-9-5 package

Update 20200515:

UbuntuDDE team has provided stable PPA. You can install packages from it:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntudde-dev/stable
sudo apt-get install ubuntudde-dde

Tried to fix this in a fast way on VM, downloaded a dozen of deb-packages including libqt5core5a which provides qtbase-abi-5-9-5 and got serious dependency issue. Manual installation of packages from different releases may harm your system, so it is safer to revert these changes and to wait for packages with DDE specially prepared for 20.04 LTS.

Also I have searched the LaunchPad.net and found other PPA from Ubuntu DDE team - ppa:openarun/dde-dev. It allows to install DDE on Focal.

So you have to remove other PPA(s) by commands like:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:leaeasy/dde

and add this PPA to the system

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:openarun/dde-dev
sudo apt-get install ubuntudde-*

and then it should work:


How to let MySQL (mysqld) to create and write to "/var/run/mysqld" directory?

/var/run should be unwritable for unprivileged users means that root and sudo accounts (as these are privileged users) are allowed to write to it.

The upstart script for MySQL is started as root and then is allowed to create a file or directory in /var/run. And this file is created with the permission as set in the configuration. This should be /etc/my.cnf and it will have something like this:

[mysqld]
user   = mysql
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

You should have something related to mysql in /etc/init.d After I installed MySQL Server I get this:

Are you sure you did not install the MySQL Client?


Thanks to @steeldriver, I could solve the problem as following:

Install gcc and g++

sudo apt install g++-5
sudo apt install gcc-5

Change the symlink to point to gcc 5 and g++ 5

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-5 10
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-5 20
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-5 10
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-5 20
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/cc cc /usr/bin/gcc 30
sudo update-alternatives --set cc /usr/bin/gcc
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/c++ c++ /usr/bin/g++ 30
sudo update-alternatives --set c++ /usr/bin/g++

Credits: How to choose the default gcc and g++ version?


how to restore original thunderbird icon theme

You can install a couple of icon themes using Tools/AddOns/Appearance. Some icon themes are not compatible with TB 7.X but Noia 2.0 and Nautipolis 1.8.77 seem to work fine. Both look pretty good also.


Let me answer your questions out of order, first explaining why encrypting your NTFS partition with LUKS is not a good idea.

First, how does LUKS work?
LUKS can be used to encrypt a file (a file container), a partition, or an entire disk. If you let the installer encrypt everything for you, what actually happens is that two partitions are created, a boot partition, and a LUKS encrypted partition that contains the root directories and all of it's subdirectories except for /boot and it's subdirectories. If you use UEFI, there will be a third EFI partition as well. This means you won't be given an option to create the NTFS partition that you want.
This inevitably means you will need to use manual partitioning. This is an involved process and is not exactly as straightforward as you might think. I have written two answers elsewhere about LUKS with manual partitioning (with LVM and without LVM). In your case, would not want to put your NTFS partition inside any LVM partitions you might create since Windows would not be able to access the NTFS partition inside an LVM Logical Volume.
To complicate matters further, Windows cannot natively decrypt a LUKS partition, so ultimately, you would have to install another software like LibreCrypt, but as you can see from the comments in that linked answer, LibreCrypt appears to have been abandoned, so that's probably not a good option. Therefore, while it is fine to encrypt your Linux installation with LUKS it is probably not wise to use LUKS to encrypt your NTFS partition that will be shared between the Linux and Windows systems.

What might be a better approach?
The question this leaves us with is how can I encrypt a partition such that both Linux and Windows will be able to decrypt it to access the contained NTFS partition? Once upon a time, I would have recommended TrueCrypt. Of course development on TrueCrypt came to an abrupt halt. So that is no longer an option. Once discontinued, a fork was created known as VeraCrypt and is still maintained. VeraCrypt can be installed on both Windows and Linux, enabling access to any given VeraCrypt encrypted partition from both OSs. Being opensource, the code is available for public review. VeraCrypt may be your best option.
I doubt that VeraCrypt can be used to encrypt your entire Linux system, but I've never tried, so I won't say it's impossible. If I were attempting to set up a dual-boot system as you have described, here's how I would probably go about it...
Install Ubuntu using manual partitioning as I describe here, but create the following physical partitions on your existing disk.

partition 1: EFI (only if you're using UEFI)
partition 2: /boot
partition 3: LVM (which contains all of your other Linux-only partitions)
partition 4: Empty partition -- format doesn't matter -- reserved for encryption with VeraCrypt (in its decrypted state, this will house your NTFS partition)

After you have installed Linux, you can install VeraCrypt and encrypt your last partition with VeraCrypt, choosing NTFS as the contained file system.

I'm not going to claim that this process will be easy. If you attempt this, you may run into some frustrating roadblocks at times, but this is probably the easiest way to accomplish what you want to accomplish with existing encryption technologies that are currently maintained as I write this answer.


After your clone, I would use gparted to resize as needed.

http://gparted.org/display-doc.php%3Fname%3Dmoving-space-between-partitions


My laptop randomly restarts, O.S or hardware?

How long have you been running the laptop with "just Ubuntu". If it's recent then it could very well be an overheating problem as suggested by Dirk Hartzer Waldeck.
Removing Windows and installing Ubuntu means ditching the Acer "bloatware" which in many cases runs the fan! Therefore the fan may work when you first start Ubuntu but will not restart from hibernate or suspend or sleep. I had this problem with my old Acer Aspire 5315 and flashed the BIOS with an update and this solved the problem.


Can I have temporary swap space greater than 2x RAM?

If you have enough space available on your storage device, you can designate a swap partition as large as you like.  The real question is whether you'll gain anything from making it larger.

Unfortunately, simply having 22 GB of swap on top of your 8 GB physical RAM isn't at all the same as having 30 GB for your running program.  The thrashing of memory pages in and out as your calculation runs will slow your system to a crawl.

It would be better, if it's possible, to upgrade your physical RAM  to 16 GB, then allow 32 GB of swap -- you'll still be swapping a lot, but you're less likely to think your machine has frozen.


system-config-samba is a graphical user interface for creating, modifying, and deleting samba shares and users. To install system-config-samba open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install system-config-samba

The system-config-samba icon does not appear in the Dash. To start system-config-samba from the terminal type:

sudo system-config-samba

Smb4K is an advanced network neighborhood browser and Samba share mounting utility for the KDE Software Compilation. It scans your network neighborhood for all available workgroups, servers and shares and can mount all desired shares to your local file system. Smb4K utilizes the programs of the Samba software suite. Its purpose is to provide a program that is easy to use and has as many features as possible. To install Smb4K (optional) open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install smb4k

Smb4k can be launched by clicking its icon in the Dash.


Skip hitting enter at the boot option and directly boot the system

Install startup manager by running this command:

sudo apt-get install startupmanager

Then run startupmanager, and change the timeout to 0. This should work. HOWEVER!!! BE WARNED THAT THIS CAN MAKE IT HARD TO RECOVER FROM A DISASTER!!! The best way is to press enter before you boot, so then you can rescue your system easier, but you lose some convenience.


ohmyzsh requires the zsh shell to install.

The issue is explained in detail here.

A workaround is to install zsh first, change to the zsh shell and then get and run ohmyzsh the same way you did before.

Example using wget :

sudo apt install zsh
apt-get install git-core
wget https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh -O - | zsh

ohmyzsh will report that it's successfully installed with this or similar output:

--2018-05-08 18:44:07--  https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh
Resolving github.com (github.com)... 192.30.253.113, 192.30.253.112
Connecting to github.com (github.com)|192.30.253.113|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh [following]
--2018-05-08 18:44:07--  https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh
Resolving raw.githubusercontent.com (raw.githubusercontent.com)... 151.101.44.133
Connecting to raw.githubusercontent.com (raw.githubusercontent.com)|151.101.44.133|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 3941 (3.8K) [text/plain]
Saving to: ‘STDOUT’

-                                100%[==========================================================>]   3.85K  --.-KB/s    in 0s

2018-05-08 18:44:07 (57.9 MB/s) - written to stdout [3941/3941]

Cloning Oh My Zsh...
Cloning into '/home/me/.oh-my-zsh'...
remote: Counting objects: 858, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (721/721), done.
remote: Total 858 (delta 16), reused 780 (delta 10), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (858/858), 572.49 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (16/16), done.
Checking connectivity... done.
Looking for an existing zsh config...
Using the Oh My Zsh template file and adding it to ~/.zshrc
I can't change your shell automatically because this system does not have chsh.
Please manually change your default shell to zsh!
         __                                     __
  ____  / /_     ____ ___  __  __   ____  _____/ /_
 / __ \/ __ \   / __ `__ \/ / / /  /_  / / ___/ __ \
/ /_/ / / / /  / / / / / / /_/ /    / /_(__  ) / / /
\____/_/ /_/  /_/ /_/ /_/\__, /    /___/____/_/ /_/
                        /____/                       ....is now installed!

Please look over the ~/.zshrc file to select plugins, themes, and options.

If you wish to change shells you can then do so by issuing the commands

chsh -s `which zsh`
sudo reboot

The reboot may not be required, you could likely log out and then log back in.

To revert back to the default shell, just issue the command

chsh -s /bin/bash

Sources:

https://gist.github.com/tsabat/1498393

https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/issues/227#issuecomment-825773

man chsh


Short:

Dolphin 17.04

The Dolphin 17.04 or later has a check:

if uid == 0 then show the "Executing Dolphin as root is not possible." and exit.

A workaround

You could edit the sources and disable the check. Then the Dolphin will work as before.

Dolphin 18.08

Few review request

Re-allow running Dolphin as the root user (but still not using sudo): https://phabricator.kde.org/D12795
Show a warning when running as the root user: https://phabricator.kde.org/D12732

Dolphin 18.08.0 is using these changes and the Dolphin can be launched with the pkexec command as the administrative super user.

pkexec env DISPLAY=$DISPLAY XAUTHORITY=$XAUTHORITY KDE_SESSION_VERSION=5 KDE_FULL_SESSION=true dolphin

More: KDE Foruns - How to run Dolphin 18.08 as root with Kubuntu or KDE neon? - https://forum.kde.org/viewtopic.php?f=224&t=153655

Background:

Earlier - KDE Forums - How to run Dolphin as root?: https://forum.kde.org/viewtopic.php?f=224&t=141836

For the security reasons: Disallow executing Dolphin as root on Linux - https://cgit.kde.org/dolphin.git/commit/?id=0bdd8e0b0516555c6233fdc7901e9b417cf89

  Disallow executing Dolphin as root on Linux Basically a copy of commit
  kate/9adcebd3c2e476c8a32e9b455cc99f46b0e12a7e which was written by
  Martin Grässlin

Disallow executing kate and kwrite as root on Linux: https://phabricator.kde.org/R40:9adcebd3c2e476c8a32e9b455cc99f46b0e12a7e

More tips

KDE Reddit - Dolphin root on KDE App 17.04 : https://www.reddit.com/r/kde/comments/6785b1/dolphin_root_on_kde_app_1704/

Bypass "Executing Dolphin as root is not possible" and Regain KDE Dolphin Root Privileges: https://www.reddit.com/r/kde/comments/6xs3mp/bypass_executing_dolphin_as_root_is_not_possible/

Future

Polkit support in KIO: https://phabricator.kde.org/T6561

When it is ready the Dolphin will show the password query if needed. Now, with the patched Dolphin&KIO:


How to fix error while sudo apt-get upgrade

Try the following command sequence:

sudo apt-get remove mysql-server-core-5.5 mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install mysql-server

Installing just mysql-server (without the 5.5 suffix) should work.


Why can't 12.04 installer see one of my hard drives

Would you please clarify what you mean when you say only your Samsung and your USB (install) drive are available at the Installation Type stage?

Have you selected Something Else in the first  Installation Type window and then pressed the Continue button to display the window which allows you to do your own partitioning as shown in the example screenshot below?

If you've reached the partitioning window (below) have you scrolled the list and it only has entries for two drives? But if you start gparted after booting your install USB and choosing Try Ubuntu, then all three drives are shown?


You can Try to access MySQL Command Line by executing:

 mysql

Or

mysql -u root

Or

mysql -u root -p


I had the same error message in xfce4.

The error message says that this file is missing. So I had a look at which package provides this file and install it.

$ apt-file search exo-helper-1
libexo-1-0: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xfce4/exo-1/exo-helper-1
$ sudo apt-get install libexo-1-0

Now the message is gone.

However I am still encountering other errors in other places, so I guess either I can reinstall the whole desktop, or work through them one by one, or just ignore them.

I use apt-file above, which you can install:

sudo apt-get install apt-file
apt-file update


network printer adding canon ir 2520 in ubuntu 16.04

please go here UFR II/UFRII LT Printer Driver for Linux | Canon and click to download and SAVE what will be linux-UFRII-drv-v340-uken.tar.gz (released July 2017).

open a terminal
copy the commands below; line by line; each separate; paste into the terminal; hit the ENTER key after each paste

(to open a terminal, press three keys control, alt and t)
(to paste into a terminal, right-click at the flashing prompt in the terminal, and select PASTE from the menu ..)

cd Downloads
tar -zxvf  linux-UFRII-drv-v340-uken.tar.gz
cd  linux-UFRII-drv-v340-uken
sudo ./install.sh

(that last command starts the install script, that should do all the work; watch it; it will ask you some questions.. but it all should work)


Set "older" kernel as default grub entry

First, make a backup copy of /etc/default/grub. If something goes wrong, you can easily revert to the known-good copy.

sudo cp /etc/default/grub /etc/default/grub.bak

Then edit the file using the text editor of your choice (e.g. gedit, etc.).

sudo -H gedit /etc/default/grub

Find the line that contains GRUB_DEFAULT - this is what you'll want to edit to set the default. You must know the full name of the kernel you want - e.g. Ubuntu, with Linux 3.13.0-53-generic - along with the full name of the "advanced menu" - e.g. Advanced options for Ubuntu.

You then combine those two strings with > and set GRUB_DEFAULT to them as: GRUB_DEFAULT="Advanced options for Ubuntu>Ubuntu, with Linux 3.13.0-53-generic" (including quotes).

Save it, then build the updated grub menu.

sudo update-grub

See also: GNU GRUB Manual 2.02 or more specifically section 15.1.0 on setting the default.

Note: There is a method utilizing numbers to access kernels and menus but this is not recommended as it is unreliable when kernel updates occur.


Confusing behavior with `pip` and `pip3`

After looking into it further, I learned that bash sometimes caches scripts in the PATH and puts it in ~/.local/bin. As a result, even after an apt purge, programs are seemingly still these when the user attempts to tab-complete.

You can check if something is being hashed with:

$ type pip3

and you can clear hashes with

$ hash -d pip3

or

$ hash -r


Do re-install this package: sudo apt-get install plasma-widgets-addons


I would use a terminal multiplexer - screen being the best known, and tmux being a more recent implementation of the idea. I use tmux, and would recommend you do to.

Basically tmux will run a terminal (or set of terminals) on a computer. If you run it on a remote server, you can disconnect from it without the terminal dying. Then when you login in again later you can reconnect, and see all the output you missed.

To start it the first time, just type

tmux

Then, when you want to disconnect, you do Ctrl-B d (ie press Ctrl-B, then release both keys, and then press d.

When you login again, you can run

tmux attach

and you will reconnect to tmux and see all the output that happened. Note that if you accidentally lose the ssh connection (say your network goes down), tmux will still be running, though it may think it is still attached to a connection. You can tell tmux to detach from the last connection and attach to your new connection by running

tmux attach -d

In fact, you can use the -d option all the time. On servers, I have this in my .bashrc

alias tt='tmux attach -d'

So when I login I can just type tt and reattach. You can go one step further if you want and integrate the command into an alias for ssh. I run a mail client inside tmux on a server, and I have a local alias:

alias maileo='ssh -t mail.example.org tmux attach -d'

This does ssh to the server and runs the command at the end - tmux attach -d The -t option ensures that a terminal is started - if a command is supplied then it is not run in a terminal by default. So now I can run maileo on a local command line and connect to the server, and the tmux session. When I disconnect from tmux, the ssh connection is also killed.

This shows how to use tmux for your specific use case, but tmux can do much more than this. This tmux tutorial will teach you a bit more, and there is plenty more out there.


Completely uninstalling Ubunutu and other Linux OS and then reinstalling

You can just do a fresh install of 16.04; make sure to choose the "Use Entire Disk for Ubuntu 16.04" option in the installer (rather than one of the "Install alongside" options), and 16.04 will "take over" the entire disk for its own use, deleting everything that used to be on it. There's no need to un-install anything.


Gnome Network Manager failing to connect

In my case it helped to install

sudo apt install network-manager-openvpn-gnome

Because syslog contained hints that

/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-openvpn-auth-dialog

cannot be found.


How do I install Ubuntu 12.10 onto a USB

Create a USB drive from within Ubuntu.

Insert a USB stick with at least 2GB of free space. (Normally this is formatted as VFAT)
Open the dash and search for Startup Disk Creator.
Select the Startup Disk Creator to launch the app.
Click 'Other' to choose the downloaded ISO file.
Select the file and click 'Open'.
Select the USB stick in the bottom box and click 'Make Startup Disk'. (Make sure to select ("Stored in reserved extra space" so that you save changes across reboots.)
That's it! When the process completes, you'll be ready to restart your computer and begin installing Ubuntu.

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu

Within Windows:

The easiest way to put Ubuntu onto your stick is to use the USB installer provided at pendrivelinux.com ( http://www.pendrivelinux.com/universal-usb-installer-easy-as-1-2-3/ ). You’ll need to download and install and follow the instructions.

Download Pen Drive Linux's USB Installer

Select Ubuntu Desktop Edition from the dropdown list.
Click 'Browse' and open the downloaded ISO file. (Choose the persistence file size.)
Choose the USB drive and click 'Create'.

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows


How to Enable/get the Hello button in Firefox 34 customize window?

Visit about:config
Change loop.throttled preference value to false.
Restart the browser, Hello button now appears when you open the Customizing mode, drag and drop it onto the menu or toolbar and start making video calls with your friends.


How to disable laptop power key in Lubuntu?

Actually lubuntu has a keybing in the default window manager openbox that brings up the quit dialog. You will need to edit  ~/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml . IT is good practice to make a backup of this file as it has all your keyboard shortcuts in it and can mess things up with cp ~/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml ~/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml-old

and remove the lines

<keybind key="XF86PowerOff">
      <action name="Execute">
        <command>lxsession-default quit</command>
      </action>
    </keybind>
  </keyboard>

save the file and run openbox --reconfigure to have openbox use your new configuration.


External + Internal wifi card inconsistent device names

You must be running an older version of Ubuntu (pre 16.04) that does not enable Predictable Network Interface Names by default.

In order to use it you need to opt in by passing net.ifnames=1 on the kernel command line.

https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PredictableNetworkInterfaceNames/


Does Ubuntu use security features like DEP and ALSR?

Yes for both. They are on by default; you don't need to do anything to enable it. Longer answer follows...

DEP is used by default in Ubuntu. This is done via the NX bit if the CPU supports it, or emulated via memory segmentation if the CPU does not support it. For more details, see the non-executable memory feature item.

ASLR is used by default in Ubuntu on any memory segments that can be relocated (stack, libraries, heap, mmap). The only portion of a program that is not relocatable by default is the main code area ("text" segment). Programs need to be specially compiled as PIE (position independent executable) to enable this. Many sensitive programs are already built this way. For more details, see the list

Many additional security features are also available by default in Ubuntu. See the Ubuntu Security Features documentation for the full list.


Can't get much working in Ubuntu Studio (19.04)

I had the same thing last weekend installing Ubuntu 19.04.
I followed the official manuals and guides telling me for instance to use Rygel to share music like you probably tried too. Only to find out nothing is actually working or simple to make working. Sharing music on Ubuntu 19 is impossible without at least a degree in computer sciences.
Thankfully I have, and found the problems are missing packages that have been known about for months by insiders but no one does anything to redeem the issue. Users complain and the people responsible complain about the users.
As music sharing is the most basic part of any Ubuntu installation for music lovers like you I assume the other tasks you are trying to accomplish on your Ubuntu 19 are doooooomed.

I erased my disk and installed Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS in 15 minutes, got updates and everything setup and working one hour later.

Ubuntu is the best OS there is for what you want, there is just something very wrong with Ubuntu 19. Same thing happened with DOS 6.21, just a version we all want to forget about.


Consolidating hard disks into one machine leads to GRUB "A disk read error occurred" with Win7

I suggest you put the Windows disk as the 1st one (sda) if it works (windows if the most tricky to boot).
Then boot to your Ubuntu system (using a live cd or usb key if necessary), and run

sudo update-grub

and

sudo grub-install /dev/sda

That will install grub in the mbr of your windows disk, and you will be able to boot windows and ubuntu/kubuntu from the grub startup menu.

If you had to boot from a livecd or usb key, you need to chroot first:

sudo mount /dev/sdb? /mnt (replace sdb? with the partition containing your root fs)
sudo chroot /mnt
#if necessary: mount /boot
mount /dev
mount /proc
mount /sys
update-grub
grub-install /dev/sda

Restart and it should work


Installed gnome and now desktop is empty

The GNOME desktop environment hides desktop icons by default.  If you want them to display open the GNOME tweak-tool under the Desktop tab set Icons on Desktop to ON.

If you do not have the GNOME tweak-tool you can install it using the command sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-toolor search for it in the Ubuntu Software Center.


Possible Reasons:

Too many tabs open on start-up
Too many add-ons installed
Problematic add-ons

Solutions:

If you think you may have too many tabs open at start-up, see if using the new feature, "Don't load tabs until selected", helps any.

Having too many add-ons installed can greatly affect Firefox's performance. Try removing some unnecessary add-ons.
Check for any add-on that is causing a problem. First open Firefox in safe mode by going to help menu and selecting "Restart with add-ons disabled". If performace of Firefox suddenly improves in safe mode that means one of your add-ons is culprit. To find the problematic add-on disable add-ons one by one until the issue is resolved. Hare's a list of problematic extensions at MozillaZine.

If the above options don't help, try creating a new user profile.

Make sure that Firefox is closed. Press Alt+F2 and run the following command:

firefox -profilemanager

Create a new profile and see if that solves your problem.

If nothing works then you can reinstall Firefox. You can do it by running these commands in terminal.

sudo apt-get purge firefox

sudo apt-get install firefox

Useful extensions to improve Firefox performance:

Memory Restart

Memory Restart is a very handy add-on to keep an eye on memory usage of Firefox and restart if memory usage gets to high.

Additional sources:

Performance best practices in extensions
Firefox is slow from Mozilla Help
High memory usage from Mozilla help
High CPU usage from Mozilla help
Firefox takes a long time to start up from Mozilla help


Install GNOME extensions through website: security vulnerability?

Yes, and no.

First the link you clicked on to install an extension was coded in, specifically (I think) to gnome 3.2 as a method for instillation. So in that sense it is a "trusted" site.

Second, gnome extensions are user scripts, stored only for your user. They don't have access to any information that the user does not have access to. So for example there can't be a shell extensions to write files to /.

Third, Browsers were not modified, but gnome shell was.

Basically the install method is no less safe then providing you a tar.gz file and telling you to manually extract it in your home directory. Rather or not the individual extensions are safe is a decision you need to make on a case by case basis. However gnome.org is a legit site, as is the extensions sub domain.


Error converting thousands of documents with LibreOffice

please install libreoffice-dbg and gdb and run: gdb /usr/lib/libreoffice/program/soffice.bin then enter set args --headless --convert-to doc --outdir /home/cyrex/work/biopsias/2007 ${insert all files here}. speaking of which maybe you are just hitting the maximum command line length of linux? A ulimit -s BIGMUMBER might help some, but in the end you likely end up still at some limit. In which case you should use the UNO API from a script or even shutter write a small StarBasic program doing what you want.

Edit: You should probably get away with apt-get install unoconv which you can pass a connection string (-c) to use a running instance of LibreOffice. Thus: Start LibreOffice headless and accepting remote connections. Then use unoconv to remotely trigger LibreOffice to convert. Since you are reusing the same instance, you should have no delays in application startup when using xargs to throw ~200 documents at LibreOffice at a time.


How do I remove Windows 7 when I am dual booting Ubuntu 12.10 as well

You should use a program called OS-Uninstaller here is the link for an article at the Ubuntu Help Wiki that will teach you how to install and use it.


I recently had this question and I used sort --c   from bash. This will only check the presence of the first unsorted element and report it. It can be combined with other flags to decide the type of sorting to be checked (e.g numeric or alphabetic)


Why does openjdk automatically install when other version removed?

Something you installed is depending on Java (usually the package java-common). So you've got to have either one installed. You could also use Oracles Java packages (e.g. using this method). Then you can remove all OpenJDK (and IcedTea) packages like this:

sudo apt-get purge openjdk* icedtea*

You will keep the java-common package because Java is now provided by the sun-java* packages. If you want to entirely remove Java (and see which packages depend on it), try removing java-common.


Installing Ubuntu 12.04 on Raid installation

I feel this link might help you.

Ubuntu Raid Installation


youtube videos downloading issue through idm

(IDM cannot find mozila firefox on your computer. Please locate the browser executable file on the next dialog box

IDM is windows software. In your case you have it running in WINE.

  How to resolve the issue?

Install firefox in WINE and if it does not find it itself you can then point to the windows executable for firefox.


Unable to login after the Ubuntu 15.10 upgrade, logged out automatically

I guess I am a bit late to help you but this one is for anyone doing the upgrade now. I had the exact same issue.

For me the solution was to uninstall and reinstall the nvidia drivers. Note that I am here referring to the drivers installed from the nvidia website.

This is not for the nouveau driver
This is not for the nvidia-current driver

I am assuming you still have the installer (you can also download it again)

First press CTRL+ALT+F1 to open a terminal and log in. Then do the following:

sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-352.41.run --uninstall
sudo reboot (not sure whether needed; but I did it)

For me I ended up in an utter mess, but no worries, back to the terminal

sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-352.41.run
sudo reboot

This did it for me, I hope it can also help others.


Login problem after Ubuntu update to 16.04 version

I don't know what's going on with the black screen, but you can reset your password in Ubuntu. Googling for "ubuntu reset password" gives several explanations.

How do I reset a lost administrative password?


How can Shift+Alt+Tab navigation be enabled in GNOME when Alt+Shift cycles between multiple keyboard layouts?

There seems to be a workaround that allows you to keep using both shortcuts normally:

Alt+Tab and Shift+Alt+Tab both work.
Alt+Shift cycles between layouts normally.

The only caveat is that reversing window traversal with Shift+Alt+Tab will also change the layout once. This is an acceptable compromise in my case.

The way this is done is to:

Open gnome tweaks tool
Go to Keyboard & Mouse
Click on "Additional Layout Options"
Expand "Miscellaneous Compatibility Options"
Check "Shift cancels Caps Lock"

I want to mimic PRATAP's helpful answer by posting the steps in pictures:

step-1:

step-2:

step-3:


Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (xenial) crashing after reboot / log out / suspend

Inspecting the /var/log/syslog, gave the hint for the crash:

amdgpu 0000:01:00.0: couldn't schedule ib
[drm:amdgpu_sched_run_job [amdgpu]] *ERROR* Error scheduling IBs (-22)
[drm:amd_sched_main [amdgpu]] *ERROR* Failed to run job!

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS preinstalls the following package

- xserver-xorg-video-amdgpu

which seems to be a buggy installation, when no AMD graphics is available (In my case I have an Intel gprahics card).

I removed this amdgpu package via the Synaptic Manager. You could do it directly like

sudo apt-get remove xserver-xorg-video-amdgpu

After it the problems disappeared.

So, a general approach would be:

Inspect your var/sys/ logs
Find out the error sources before the crash (in my case it was the amdgpu)
Remove the error source (In my case, I don't have any AMD graphics, so removing it was good. You might want to update to the right driver if available etc.)

Thanks to @Phillip-ZyanKLee-Stockmann for helping me to find this solution.


Try this, had same issue.

mkdir ~/robo-backup
mv robo3t-1.1.1-linux-x86_64-c93c6b0/lib/libstdc++* ~/robo-backup/
robo3t-1.1.1-linux-x86_64-c93c6b0/bin/robo3t

Found this here


How does curl print to terminal while piping

There are two output streams generally available: standard output, and standard error. In practice, when running in a terminal, both send data to the terminal. > only redirects standard output, and curl prints the progress data to standard error. To suppress both, use one of:

curl ... > /dev/null 2>&1
curl ... &> /dev/null    # bash's combined redirection operator
curl -s ...    # -s, --silent: Silent or quiet mode. Don't show progress meter or error messages.

To send both to a pipe:

curl ... 2>&1 | ...
curl |& ...    # bash's combined pipe

Unless you use the |& or &> operators, all streams are redirected independently.

Also see:

Stack Overflow: confused about stdin, stdout and stderr?


Suppose your hard disk is /dev/sda. Then you could check to see what scheduler is currently in use for it:

cat /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler

(The scheduler currently in use will be surrounded by [ ] brackets.)

And you could make it use the noop scheduler:

echo noop > /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler

See this article for slightly more information.

To make the change persist, you can put the command in /etc/rc.local.


Make Ubuntu Mate Look Like Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat)

You just need the ambiance theme installed,here are two good choices

Choice number 1: Light Theme (Ambiance and Radiance)

This is the developers screen shot

Download the .deb here or

wget dl.dropbox.com/u/72782740/debian/light-themes-mate-12.04-all.deb

Install it

sudo dpkg -i light-themes-mate-12.04-all.deb

Resolve dependencies (should not be needed)

sudo apt-get install -f

Choice number 2: Ambiance & Radiance colors, this will install ambiance with many highlight options (including the orange you wanted)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ravefinity-project/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ambiance-colors

Note : This PPA also has radiance colours themes sudo apt-get install radiance-colors

Install mate-tweak to change your theme

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-mate-dev/trusty-mate
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mate-tweak


Unable to find tomcat listen port in ubuntu

Start the tomcat7 service with:

sudo service tomcat7 start

The service uses the configuration in /etc/tomcat7

That's all.

If you want to use your method, then you must first create a configuration.

sudo mkdir /usr/share/tomcat7/conf
sudo cp /etc/tomcat7/server.xml /usr/share/tomcat7/conf/server.xml

and start

/usr/share/tomcat7/bin/startup.sh


Computer immediately fails to boot into Unity almost immediately after startup

Please provide some information regarding your computer specifications, such as RAM and video card type, and your Ubuntu version.

Then, attempt to open the terminal on your default login screen with the following shortcut:

Ctrl + Alt + T

If that's not a possibility, log in (if possible) and open one of your built-in tty terminals, preferably tty4, accessible by the following shortcut:

Ctrl + Alt + F4

Type the following command in whichever terminal you have access to (if you have access to the default terminal, use that one):

unity --reset

Wait for the command to finish and see if it helps.

To get out of tty4, hold Ctrl, press Alt, and cycle through the function keys (F1 - F12) until you reach your default screen.


External HDMI monitor not detected in Ubuntu/Xubuntu 18.04 in Dell Inspiron 5593 nvidia

I found the solution...

It turned out that the CPU Intel i5 of 10th generation is too new for the kernel I had. The solution was to update the linux kernel.


Is there any widget app that will display stocks on Lubuntu 17.04?

I just installed Desktop Ticker in Wine. It worked, but the ticker was in the middle of the screen. It wouldn't drag anywhere. I didn't try to move it any other way. I was able to start and stop it. I killed it from HTOP.

If you have a favorite that works in Windows, it will probably work in Wine.


Compiz consuming lot of cpu when display is off in 12.04

Same problem. As a workaround I've installed XScreenSaver and it helps :).


How do I change from dual-boot Windows/Ubuntu to single-boot Ubuntu?

If you need to expand the current partitions, the new free space after deleting the old Windows partitions should be right next to them. Also this has to be done with a lot of care, otherwise you may screw up the whole system. My advice is to delete the Windows partitions and turn them into EXT4 partitions which you can use from Ubuntu to store stuff, like movies, etc.

For this you need to use the utility called GParted. Install it from the Software Center if you haven't installed already. When you start GParted, it lists the partitions in your hard disk. They will be denoted in \dev\sda1 etc. You may be able to easily distinguish the Windows partitions from their file systems and mount points.

Delete the Windows partitions using the menu which appears when you right click.

The partition will now be marked as an unallocated space. Right click again and choose New. Choose the format you want to partition it into and click on the Apply All Operations tool button.

Read this tutorial if you're new to GParted.


Issue with broken and missing icons after upgrading to Ubuntu 20.04

Your icon theme is Adwaita, which seems to be corrupted.  Reinstall the adwaita-icon-theme package by running the following command in Terminal

sudo apt-get install --reinstall adwaita-icon-theme

and then reboot your system.

Also you may use GNOME Tweaks to change the icon theme to something different from Adwaita.


This dosen't exactly answer your question, but may help you accomplish your goal. If you want to run the old infocom games, you don't need wine at all. You can just install the infocom interpreter frotz from either the Ubuntu Software Center or sudo apt-get install frotz. You can then run it from the command line with frotz /PATH-TO-FILE/zork1.dat. Note that you are not pointing to the batch file, the data file is all you need.


Just recently installed Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS on a macbook pro, except the camera everything works nice

You'll need to do a little bit of work to get the camera to work on your mid-2015 era MacBook Pro. Fortunately, it's not too difficult:

Install git on your machine if you do not already have it:sudo apt-get install git
Install three more tools:sudo apt-get install curl xzcat cpio
Clone the facetimehd-firmware repository to your machine:git clone https://github.com/patjak/facetimehd-firmware.git
Enter the directory:cd facetimehd-firmware
Compile and install the firmware:

make
sudo make install

Return to your home directory with cd ~
Install a few more bits of software:sudo apt-get install kmod libssl-dev checkinstall
Clone the FaceTime HD driver to your machine:git clone https://github.com/patjak/bcwc_pcie.git
Enter the directory:cd bcwc_pcie
Compile and install the driver:

make
sudo make install

Make sure everything is hooked up:

sudo depmod
sudo modprobe -r bdc_pci
sudo modprobe facetimehd

Edit your /etc/modules file as sudo:sudo vi /etc/modules
Add this to the end of the file:

# Add FaceTimeHD drivers
facetimehd

Reboot

This should give you everything you need


Python 'Import pyodbc' does not work in a cron task

OK, thanks to the suggestion of Jacob Vlijm, I finally found out the solution: the package 'pyodbc' had been installed under user1 (/home/user1/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/).  As I logged in as user1 in my terminal, the program could find the module.  Using cron, I usually run the programs under another user (user2).

That was the problem.  Running in cron via user1, everything was OK.
The last question I will investigate is why the command 'pip3 install pyodbc==3.0.10' made the package available to user1 and not to all users.


Installing windows 7 after a kubuntu install?

Basically, to shrink your partition you'll need a LiveUSB boot to do that, because otherwise those partitions would be mounted and in-use (locked).

After you've shrunken your partition, and set-up a new one for Windows (do it carefully as shuffling/resizing partitions after an install is just a pain and can get risky), you can install Windows safely without losing your Kubuntu setup.

Just make sure you don't let the Windows installer overwrite/format/delete any of your Kubuntu partitions in the process.

After Windows is installed, the MBR of your hard-disk will be overwritten, thus deleting Grub. And you won't be able to boot into Kubuntu. This can easily be fixed though, through yet again a LiveUSB boot.

You can check out this guide to find out instructions to restoring Grub.

As always, read up instructions before doing anything. If you're not sure about something, Google for step-by-step instructions, read it, then ask new questions :)


Hw to install nvidia drivers for Ubuntu sever 20.04 without installing the gui

I ran into this issue as well, and have found a solution. Using the --no-install-recommends flag seems to install the driver without the gnome environment.
Full command:
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends nvidia-driver-<version>


Python 2.7 installed but no interpreter for CLI?

You have packages for Python 2.7 libraries, but not for the interpreter. Installing the package python should install python2.7 as a dependency, which contains the interpreter for Python 2.7.


problems connecting to wireless network when installing lubuntu

It is possible to connect to a wireless network by either manually writing the necessary configuration file, or using the wpa_cli command line tool. Both of these options are explained in some more detail by this answer. Neither is easy or pretty, I'm afraid.

I'm not sure why this is necessary though - the install should finish quite happily without an internet connection, and you can then set up the connection using the NetworkManager GUI from the desktop once the install is done.


In order to make sure that system command manage to find the rtcwake please update your C code to have the full path of the program:

system("/usr/sbin/rtcwake -m mem -s 60");


In terminal, type nm-connection-editor. That brings you to this window...

Hit the + button...

Choose connection type...

Fill in required fields... hover over any field with the mouse cursor to get help...

Update #1:

Be sure to select the auto-connect checkbox in the General tab.


VLC and Snap-Store is not opening and showing error permission denied in ubuntu 20.04

For most X11 gui apps you can export the same DISPLAY variable of the user running the Xserver and run xhost + as this user to permit other users accessing the Xserver.
For snap you have to add the export DISPLAY=$YourDisplayValue to the users .bashrc running the snap command.
I cant remember how to do this value programatically to be more portable but its not changing that much usually.
Apparently passing environment to snap apps is a bit of a mission.
But this worked for me on a current 20.04


Kernel configurations are compiled in. You can check to see if it's configured by running this:

grep CONFIG_PM_ADVANCED_DEBUG /boot/config-`uname -r`

On mine, I see:

oli@bert:~$ grep CONFIG_PM_ADVANCED_DEBUG /boot/config-`uname -r`
# CONFIG_PM_ADVANCED_DEBUG is not set

I compile my own kernels but my config is derived from Ubuntu's. It's worth checking to see if it's been added since I started compiling.

If you want to recompile the kernel to enable this flag, your best starting point is here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Kernel/Compile

It's a bit of effort. You need a few packages and on a fast computer it takes at least 20 minutes just to do the compile. Add in configuration time and that you have to do this every time a security update comes out... It might not be worth it.


After logging in with Console navigate to the directory:

cd /home/your-user-name/.config/autostart/

Then list the Startup Applications scripts with ls. You should see your script there. Remove it with:

rm script-name

Then reboot.


PARTIAL ANSWER ONLY

lsusb output of "ID 1d57:0005" means 'USB HID v1.10 Mouse or Keyboard device'.  The 'HID' part means "Human Interface Device", which generically covers mice, keyboards, etc.

In other words, your device is not being recognized, and only its generic capabilities are available.  You need a Linux driver for this device.

Will need to investigate further ..


How do I deploy a charm when it is shown in the charm store but the cli reports it's not found?

Seems like the README is written as if the charm is in the store, but it's not yet:

juju deploy cs:~marcoceppi/precise/discourse

Will do what you want in the meantime. This isn't very obvious or user friendly, so I filed this bug.


Ubuntu-Tweak tweaks get ignored after reboots

I was having the same problem. So I found the solution here:
Scale plugin keeps forgetting hot corner settings on restart
Ubuntu-Tweak use compiz for this tweak. So the problem is the same.
Copied from there:

Run gconf-editor from Terminal or Alt+F2

Navigate to apps → compiz-1 → general → screen0 → options → active_plugins

Move "Scale" to the bottom of the list.

Move "Expo" to bottom right above "Scale" and underneath Unityshell.


Why am I getting these error messages when I try to view media files on my Android device?

The error which was clearly shown is, Unable to mount MTP device. So your system fails to mount(open) this mtp device. Installing mtp-tools package will solve this error and makes your mtp device to get connected.

sudo apt-get install mtp-tools


Is possible to make virtual host in a NTFS partition?

This is what you need to fix the problem

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/89118/apache-gives-me-403-access-forbidden-when-documentroot-points-to-two-different-d

Basically you need an entry like this in your httpd.conf file

<Directory "physical path to the directory">
    Order Allow,Deny
    Allow from All
    # Any other directory-specific stuff
</Directory>


accessing a supposedly recovered hard drive

Have you checked files permissions? You can recursively update those with this:

sudo chmod -R 744 /media/whatever/markleeds

This will give you ALL possible permissions for all files and folders there and read access to group and others.

Explanation of the octal triple:

(7)(4)(4)
|  |  |
|  |  (others) read only
|  |
|  (group) read only
|
(user) read, write and execute

The octal numbers are summed up to reflect the files permissions where in that example for the user:

(4) read access + (2) write access + (1) execute permission = 7

And here's how you change owner recursively:

sudo chown -R markleeds:markleeds /media/whatever/markleeds


well , it "might" be  , but also filesystem corruption e.g. due to power cut  is possible
( you could give more detailed info on the hard disk/ssd type)

check the output of dmesg on your console for errors

see if your disk reports errors via S.M.A.R.T

possibly issue a S.M.A.R.T self test

possibly run bios/uefi system internal hard disk test

check for bad connections to the disks

check for undervoltage , especially on developer boards


I found this https://lists.debian.org/debian-apache/2016/02/msg00011.html, but still not sure.


Allocate More Disk Space; Only Partition

No, no need to re-install and format disks again, you can use the gparted application to resize/move you partitions inside Ubuntu:

Edit (added info from comments):
Use the Ubuntu Live CD to res-size the partition of your current system.


What does "Unable to read EDID for display device" mean?

That message means that your VGA-card couldn't get the EDID info from you CRT monitor (or it can be also an LCD connected with VGA-cable). The EDID tells the video card about the capabilities of the monitor (resolutions, frequencies, etc.) More info about EDID on wikipedia.

You can see the EDID info in linux if you run

xrandr --verbose

Because you have a laptop you will likely see the EDID for your internal LCD screen Hopefully that one didn't fail.

It is likely that the faulty in this situation is not your nvidia card, but your CRT monitor. It is also possible that the CRT monitor doesn't have a serious problem, it just has a problem with sending the EDID. (It is also possible that if it is an LCD monitor connected with VGA cable, that it just simply don't send its EDID info through VGA, and it has absolutely no problems)  You can use your card and CRT monitor without the EDID info, the only problem in this case that you will have to manually set up the available resolutions, frequencies, etc. (If you set something what is not suitable for your monitor, then it can damage your monitor.)


How to run Terminal script by clicking desktop icon?

Create the file

Right Click on the desktop
Create New Document -> Empty Document
Name it: tv or something to your taste
Open the file with text editor

File Contents (save it please)

    #!/bin/bash
    v4l2-ctl -i 2

Right click on the file

Select Properties>Permissions

Check the box following Execute: which allows the file to be executed

Double Click And Select either Run or Run In Terminal

(you can also use properties to change how the file looks)
just click on the icon and then select a suitable image
also you could create a custom keyboard shortcut, or an alias if you find the desktop icon unsightly.


Problem with installing Some Packages and Updating my Ubuntu

Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the commands below.

sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get update


You can look in the Start programs. Just enter start into the Unity Shell, select Startup Programs and look in the list for possible apps.


Unable to access other Volume in Vaio E series

The problem comes from the Windows hibernation function. You should see the question Unable to mount Windows (NTFS) filesystem due to hibernation.

And to turn the hibernation function off, the video Turning hibernation off in windows 8 can help you.


Bash script - delete all files older than, but leave one for safety reasons

Here's one way:

#!/bin/bash

targetDir=/opt/bla/myfiles;
## declare 'releases' as an associative array
declare -A releases
cd "$targetDir"
## Iterate over all directories in $targetDir.
for dir in */; do
        ## remove the trailing slash
        dir="${dir%/}"
        ## Extract the version string
        ver="${dir%%-*}"

        ## Use the version as the key for the associative array
        releases["$ver"]="$dir";
done
## Get the newest version; sort -h understands version numbers
newestVersion=$( printf '%s\n' "${!releases[@]}" | sort -h | tail -n1)
## This is probably not needed as extended globbing should be on by default
shopt -s extglob
## Delete the rest. The '$targetDir/' isn't necessary but it's safer
## just in case we're not actually where we think we are.
rm -rf  $targetDir/!("${releases[$newestVersion]}")

Caveats:

This assumes you only have directories in /opt/bla/myfiles.
It will delete everything but the directory of the newest version.


Free pdf reader that supports taking notes (and bookmarks)

I suggest you try these two programs and choose the one that better fits your needs.

Xournal

sudo apt-get install xournal

All annotations are hand made (so to speak). You can print them on the PDF, if you want, or you can set them apart.

Mendeley

Download from here. Very useful to keep track of your research notes.


Failed to add/activate connection. (32) Insufficient privileges

Step 1

This can be cured by fixing PolicyKit rule for the NetworkManager. First of all check whether .pkla file with [nm-applet] section already exists in /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/10-vendor.d. If yes, make a backup of it and alter ResultAny=no value to yes in [nm-applet] section of this file.

The structure of these policy rule files is described here.

If this file is absent in 10-vendor.d folder, we will create PolicyKit rule manually. Create the file with the name org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.pkla containing the next lines:

[nm-applet]
Identity=unix-user:your_username
Action=org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.*
ResultAny=yes
ResultInactive=no
ResultActive=yes

Replace your_username in this file with your real login name. If you wish to add several users, change the Identity entry like this (and replace usernames with the desired ones):

Identity=unix-user:username1;unix-user:username2

If you wish to add even more users, then you should consider adding all of them to netdev group with useradd and change the rule to:

Identity=unix-group:netdev

Now copy this .pkla file to the PolicyKit directory:

sudo cp org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.pkla /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/

Step 2

You should also check whether PolicyKit Authentication Agent is running - this rule won't work without it. If ps -ef | grep kit | grep agent returns nothing, then it isn't running.
Check whether this binary exists. For GNOME this file can be found here:

  /usr/lib/policykit-1-gnome/polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1

For MATE it is located here (for 32-bit and 64-bit respectively):

  /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/polkit-mate/polkit-mate-authentication-agent-1
  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/polkit-mate/polkit-mate-authentication-agent-1

Its location may vary in different DE. If it was not found there, seek for it:

locate agent | grep -v -E '^/var|doc|so|helper' | grep pol

If you found nothing, then PolicyKit Agent isn't installed at all. Search for the package name in APT database with apt-cache search PolicyKit Authentication Agent command and install appropriate package for your DE. For MATE it will be mate-polkit.

It doesn't start automatically for some reason. You can search /etc/xdg/autostart for the PolKit Agent .desktop launcher and analyze why it fails to start. Or you can create your own launcher using "Startup Applications" of your DE and add the Polkit Authentication Agent command to start it properly.

If you are interested, there's an extensive and nice article about PolicyKit privileges.


ATI/AMD Radeon driver through jockey results in error

You should follow this
steps when installing ATI drivers.


You most likely have the file server set up as ftp which is default.  This allows you to add files, but not pull files from it during a sync.  You need sftp.
Directions below.
http://xmodulo.com/how-to-set-up-secure-sftp-server-in-linux.html


download iso from ubuntu site and download wubi installer (dont engage it yet).
put iso file and wubi.exe in same folder in windows and run wubi.exe.
if you do that and if is iso ok (wubi is check sum on iso), wubi is begien instalacion from iso file, and not dowload version from network.
just, if you want 12.10, download iseo and wubi.exe for 12.10, same for 12.04 and 11.10.

wubi has a problem. if you have 64bit CPU and low ram he is download 64bit OS.


How do I mount a Windows Live SkyDrive account as a partition?

Gnome 3.6+ supports SkyDrive via gnome-online-accounts. 3.4 and older only support chat iirc.

Source


Difference between "pip install sompackage and python pip install somepackage" commands

/usr/bin/pip is just a Python script that invokes the pip module using the load_entry_point function. Therefore, the following are (mostly) equivalent:

python -m pip ...
pip ...

See What's the difference between pip install and python -m pip install? on Stack Overflow for details.


I guess you solved it by now, but just in case, here is the easy way:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:stefansundin/truecrypt
sudo apt update
sudo apt install truecrypt

Works fine for me on 16.04LTS 64bit


Analyzing the incoming requests data in Ubuntu

You could try,

slurm - colored interface

image of slurm as an example

bmon - view multiple interfaces at once

Image of bmon as an example


First if you want to troubleshoot Dns use DIG tool .

Second you should make a reverse zone and piont IPSs to your hostnames .

Third you should state in your clients that in /etc/network/interfaces the dns they should use .

Hope it helps .


Why is Samba not adding a new user with "samba-tool"?

As far as I know the samba-tool is for Active Directory (AC) provisioning only. So if you haven't setup your Samba as AC server, samba-tool user add will not work.

You should ask yourself if you need an Active Directory Server in your Network or do you only need a simple Samba-Server only with it's own users.

I the case that you need an AC Server you should follow the guide which is provided by the samba project itself ( https://wiki.samba.org/index.php/Samba_AD_DC_HOWTO ). But be warned, this documentation does not suite to ubuntu directly and you need to understand the stuff that is depending on it (namely DNS, Kerberos, LDAP).

If you only need a simple server that has some Accounts for it's own purpose and provides access to some shared folders you should follow the guides for samba3. Samba4 is compatible with these setups to samba3 and though you need smbpasswd to create user in samba. The "General Samba Guides" of the Ubuntu Server Documentation should give you all the information you need.


How to install ubuntu 15.04 with windows 8.1 in dual boot menu

I think that your GRUB may be messed up. Try inserting the Ubuntu install CD, and click "Try Ubuntu."

When the desktop loads up, open terminal, and install Boot-repair using these commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Click the recommended repair button after the Boot repair window comes up, and then wait for it to load. What this does, is reinstalls your GRUB bootloader, and fixes any problems it may have as well. Hope I helped!


Are there any Ubuntu-based equivalents of Corel Draw, PageMaker, PhotoShop and Quark Express

Photoshop is a raster graphic editor. Ubuntu has Gimp and Krita

PageMaker and QuarkXPress are both desktop publishing applications. It's interesting you mentioned those because Adobe InDesign is currently a clear leader among commercial applications in this area. Open-source equivalents are Scribus, KWord and (to some extent) Lyx

CorelDraw is a vector editor. In Ubuntu, Inkscape provides similar functionality.


Grub menu not waiting despite of GRUB_TIMEOUT=10

I've solved this very issue by deleting the file /boot/grub/grubenv (which contained the line

set recordfail=1  ) and reissuing

sudo update-grub

afterwards.


printing pdf with lpr results in different output than printing GUI

Using lpr send the file to the print server, which should be CUPS which has it's own mechanism for converting PDFs suitable for the printer, but can be different to Evince and Adobe Acrobat Reader as they are three separate implementations.

You may be able to influence the CUPS engine via the CUPS website: http://localhost:631/

Adobe Acrobat Reader is likely to be the most accurate and you can force it to send a completely rasterized image to the printer.

Evince has pretty much no tweaking available.

edit:  CUPS uses pdftops and friends to print PDF documents, this is based on Xpdf which is the same ancestry as Evince.

Adobe Acrobat Reader includes additional options to attempt fixing background colours and an option that hints that it is your printer messing up the final copy:


MyUnity configuration not working in 11.10

Into a fresh install it's possible.

Logout and then log back in, and your settings should have taken affect.


No output from service start/stop/restart command

You should not be expecting such output.

For starters, Ubuntu didn't behave this way in earlier versions.  Ubuntu was an upstart system for just under a decade, and the behaviour of the service command on Ubuntu has for all those years not resembled what you are expecting.  One can see the upstart behaviour of the service command in the image in How do I get service command to print output in 15.10? .

The answer is pretty much the same for you as for the people with Ubuntu version 15.10 last year:

You are using Ubuntu version 16.10, a systemd operating system.  Your system service management is no longer performed by upstart (or whatever utility did it on whatever non-Ubuntu operating system you had before).  It is performed by systemd.

The service command may be the same … but the Debian/Ubuntu service command is a shell script that tries to auto-detect whether upstart or systemd is the running system service manager, and run the actual native service management commands for upstart and systemd.  It executes two pretty much entirely different code paths for upstart and for systemd.

upstart's native service management commands are initctl start, initctl stop, initctl status and so forth.  Those print messages as they go.

systemd's native service management commands are systemctl start, systemctl stop, systemctl status and so forth.  Those print no output as they operate.

Further reading

https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/233840/5132
https://askubuntu.com/a/621209/43344
https://askubuntu.com/a/613814/43344
`service` no longer gives useful output (except with status) in 15.04?


Internet Not Working After Rebooting Computer

Wifi not working

1). Run Terminal (CTRL+ALT+T)

2). Paste the commands into Terminal one at a time using CTRL+C to copy from your browser then CTRL+SHIFT+V to paste in to Terminal:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic

then

sudo apt-get install --reinstall bcmwl-kernel-source

and finally

sudo modprobe wl

Hope this helps.


A solution would be to specify the mount point and then navigate to the mount point.

Example:

I have an encrypted file named "enc1" at "/home/desgua/Dropbox", and my mount point is the folder "/mnt/mymountpoint/", so I type this on terminal:

truecrypt --mount /home/desgua/Dropbox/enc1 /mnt/mymountpoint/

And then navigate to "/mnt/mymountpoint/" to see my files.

And to unmount:

truecrypt -d /home/desgua/Dropbox/enc1

or simple:

truecrypt -d  (which should unmount every truecrypted mounted files)

Outside command line

Suggestion One

You can edit the file /etc/fstab (open it with gksu gedit /etc/fstab) and add a line to specify the mount point:

/dev/sda1/home/desgua/Dropbox/enc1 /mnt/mymountpoint  auto   rw,user 0      0

Reboot.

Now you can mount through GUI and navigate to /mnt/mymountpoint

More info here.

Suggestion Two

Also you can create a launcher to mount it:

1) Paste this at terminal: gedit ~/Desktop/unmounttruecrypt.desktop,

2) Then paste this into the file and save:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Unmount Truecrypt
Comment=Unmount all mounted Truecrypt files
Exec=gnome-terminal -e "bash -c \"truecrypt --mount /home/desgua/Dropbox/enc1 /mnt/mymountpoint/ ; exit; exec bash\""
Icon=/usr/share/icons/Humanity/actions/48/go-jump.svg
Categories=Application;Accessories;

3) Now look at your desktop and drag the file to the Launcher.


Ubuntu 12.04 logon issues on Dell mini 10 GMA 500

Finally fixed this over the summer.
Here's what I had to do.

Edit /etc/default/grub file

Make the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT line looks like this

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="console=tty1 mem=896mb"

Install desktop-base

sudo apt-get install desktop-base

desktop-base does something to fix it, no idea what, but

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="console=tty1 mem=896mb"

alone still has the split screen problem.

** NOTE - installing desktop-base adds the debian space background to grub boot menu.
I believe you can remove this by deleting or editing /usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png

Or just leave it and enjoy the fact you can finally login without that annoying split screen.

Also, installing lubuntu-desktop helps a lot on the mini10, actually quite usable.

If you get a strange blank section between wireless icon and power icon.. right click on the panel, add-remove panel items. Remove the "system-tray" and add "indicator-applets"

If you want a unity look/feel, right-click the panel and customize the settings. Move it to the left, change the width to 35 or 40 pixels and change color to solid opacity with transparency or anything other than the default image. This setup closely resembles the unity look/feel.


First of all - the brotli package is available in universe pocket of official repositories since Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

But if you really need to build deb-package from sources on 14.04 LTS you should:

Enable source code repositories from Software & Updates (software-properties-gtk) and then reload repository information.
Get build dependencies for the package

sudo apt-get install autotools-dev build-essential cmake cmake-data debhelper \
g++ gettext intltool-debian \
libarchive-zip-perl libexpat1-dev \
libpython-dev libpython2.7-dev libpython3-dev \
libstdc++-4.8-dev libunistring0 po-debconf python-dev python-setuptools \
python2.7-dev python3-dev python3-setuptools python3.5-dev

Install Debian package development tools and git with

sudo apt-get install dpkg-dev git

Get package with source code from official repository

git clone https://git.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/brotli

Change directory to the downloaded source code and checkout 16.04 LTS version

cd brotli
git checkout ubuntu/xenial-updates

Build binary package

dpkg-buildpackage -b -uc -us

skipping signing the package (see man dpkg-buildpackage):

  -us Do not sign the source package.
  -uc Do not sign the .changes file.

Finally install created deb-packages with

sudo dpkg -i ../*brotli*.deb
sudo apt-get install -f # to make sure that all dependencies satisfied

Enjoy

$ brotli --version
brotli 1.0.4

Note: the error may be caused by not enough free memory - it fails on VM with 1 Gb of RAN.


Popup during boot up initializations: "VBoxClient: the VirtualBox kernel service is not running. Exiting"

I had the same trouble. Because no virtualbox was installed, i typed on terminal as root " locate virtualbox" and I could see ' virtualbox-guest-utils' & 'virtualbox-guest-x11' VBox in '/etc/init.d. But the troubles remained, because there is another file to delete in /etc/X11/Xsession.d/98vboxadd-xclient. Only deleting it as root, I finally eliminate the message.
I suppose that the truble is connected with deleting wine ochanging it in some way


Can't establish SSH connection to my server, but only from public IP (port22 :connection refused)

First off: Welcome!

What it looks like from the logs and the error message is that port forwarding is not enabled on your router to allow the connection to the machine via SSH.

This can be done by looking up your model of router and figuring out how to forward port 22 to the IP address of your server. You can determine the IP address of your server using ifconfig. While you are in your router settings you might as well setup a static IP address for the server as well so it doesn't move around.

The other IP address issue is if your ISP doesn't use dynamic IP then your IP address might change "randomly and without notice". This depends on your ISP, my ISP "uses" dynamic IP but it hasn't changed in the 8 months I've lived here.

You can set up a script to have the server email you your external IP address daily if you need access.

If you continue having a connection refused error, your ISP also might have blocked port 22 among a list of other ports for "security".

There is a giant caveat to this and by giant I mean a GIANT caveat. This process will leave your server vulnerable to attacks of any kind opening up that port. You will want to harden your server against such attacks to the best of your abilities. This can be done a number of ways and it is recommended to follow them all.

How to secure an Ubuntu 16.04 LTS server is a good in depth guide to securing your server.

Please make sure that you implement as many of them as possible. I highly recommend using key access, locking down to specific users and disabling root access among other things. If you don't ABSOLUTELY need access from an external IP, then I wouldn't bother.


I've most often seen gparted used for partitioning & formatting, it's quite robust & should give you more detailed error messages than "there were errors." I wouldn't assume the usb were bad just yet.
You could use a terminal to check the drive's filesystem too (not really necessary just to repartition / reformat) with fsck /dev/sdb1 probably. It should be unmounted first (umount).
And sudo parted -l or sudo fdisk -l should say what filesystem type it has, fsck (and mount) can usually auto-detect the type, but you can pick the specific fsck.ext3 or fsck.vfat and use different options, if interested.

For creating a live usb I'd use a technique like described here on pendrivelinux.com or here on archlinux's wiki, or here:

See https://askubuntu.com/a/554834/129271
Cliff Notes:

Mount the usb
Install grub grub-install --force --no-floppy --boot-directory=/mnt/USB/boot /dev/sdx (replacing x with your actual USB device & /mnt/usb with mounted dir)
Put demo grub.cfg ( http://pendrivelinux.com/downloads/multibootlinux/grub.cfg ) in /mnt/USB/boot/grub and edit to match your iso's


Should I Upgrade to 18.04 if my Computer is Slow?

Lubuntu is a faster variant of Ubuntu, as is Xubuntu, when compared to the performance of the current Ubuntu, which now uses the somewhat pokey GNOME desktop environment. With older hardware, that can make a significant difference.


lightdm black screen after installing plasma5 in Ubuntu

had the same issue, just removing sddm was enough to get lightdm working again

apt-get remove --purge sddm

searching for the problem brought up some issues regarding the coexistence of lightdm and sddm -> since you'll almost always only need one login-manager anyway, removing sddm should be OK to solve this problem


How to Install apropraite Eclipse on ubuntu 12.04 LTS?

Eclipse is found in the "Ubuntu Software Center".
Just type in "Eclipse" in the search box, then the password, and eclipse will be downloaded for you.


How to shrink ext4 partition using parted CLI?

I just figured it out myself. After step 7, there is a need for one more step:

After shrinking partition, extend filesystem to the limits of new partition by again running resize2fs /dev/sdb2 without specifying new size.


Installing Terminator changes default terminal. How to set it back to GNOME terminal?

The default terminal is defined by the environment variable called TERM. You need to change it and save the following command in your .profile if you want to have xterm as your default terminal for instance:

export TERM="xterm"


wget should work:

wget -r -l 0 ftp://username:password@some.host/some_dir/*

wget is tool for downloading files.

-r means recursive.
-l 0 for  infinite recursion, because -r by default have recursion depth of 5.
some_dir/ is relative to user home dir. If you want absolute path add one more / after host name.

Maybe you have to use --user and --password arguments to get it to work on Ubuntu.(according to https://stackoverflow.com/questions/113886/how-do-you-recursively-ftp-a-folder-in-linux)


Can you remove the encryption of a drive?

See Jan's answer: Can I disable full-disk encryption?

  If Ubuntu asks for an encryption passphrase during boot (i.e. on the
  text console before the login screen is displayed), this indicates
  that a full disk encryption method was used. (There's more than one
  way to do this, but I'll keep the answer general.) The encryption is
  handled by an extra software layer between the file system and the
  physical hard drive, not the file system itself.

  There is no simple method or tool to undo this. With some knowledge
  about how Linux systems work, it can be done. You'd have to move the
  whole file system (or all files) to another partition (with enough
  free space) or external HDD. Then, remove the encrypted container, and
  recreate the file system without encryption. Finally, make sure that
  the new file system is properly recognized by the boot loader and
  mount -a before rebooting.

  If possible, it's best to avoid this time consuming and error-prone
  procedure. Just do a fresh install. For a new users, this is the
  quickest and safest option.

  PS: Chances are that you can change the encryption passphrase,
  possibly to an empty string. Then decrypting only requires to press
  Enter. Maybe you can go further and supress to (now useless)
  passphrase prompt. However, this does not disable the encryption. The
  data would still be encrypted although the encryption would be useless
  since the key can be trivially guessed.


How to send output of convert to a writable directory in bash?

Just specify a different path:

for tbl in *.tbl ; do
    sed 's/|$//' "$tbl" > /another/path/"${tbl%.tbl}".csv
    echo "$tbl"
done

Few minor fixes:

Don't parse the output of ls, just iterate over an expanded wildcard pattern.
Double quote variables (filenames can contain whitespace).
I used Remove Matching Suffix instead of Substitution.


To what color does "fg = 248" correspond in Ranger's color schemes?

Found it!

This vimporn link led me to 256 Colors - Cheat Sheet - Xterm, HEX, RGB, HSL.


Unable to launch apps on Ubuntu Touch on Nexus 5

So far I know there are different images for nexus 5. If you installed a 16.04 one, that might be buggy because it's in development. Try to find and install a 15.04 one. That can work better.


Window decoration theme doesn’t change back

You can try following.

Install gnome-tweak-tool by typing in terminal

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

Now after it has been installed you can run it by typing

gnome-tweak-tool

This should pop up window where on left side-panel there is option "Theme" Here you can set option "Window theme" to Ambiance and option "GTK+ theme" to Ambiance as well.
 This should fix your problem.


Unable to install update-alternatives package

You already have update-alternatives; there is nothing to install. Run which update-alternatives to check where it is on your $PATH.


A CPU's clock speed rate is a measure of how many clock cycles a CPU can perform per second. The base clock of the AMD Ryzen 5 3600X CPU is 3.8GHz. The maximum boost clock of the Ryzen 5 3600X is up to 4.4GHz, but this CPU does not run at its maximum boost clock speed under conditions of normal use.
AMD Ryzen 5 3600X specs:

Base clock: 3.8GHz
Max boost clock: Up to 4.4GHz
Total L2 cache: 3MB
Total L3 cache: 32MB
CMOS: TSMC 7nm FinFET


Using default boot option "Ubuntu, with Linux 5.4.0-42-generic" leads to slowness and multiple monitor errors

This looks like Ubuntu bug #1888617. The proprietary nvidia-driver-435 does not build with kernel 5.4.0-42.
To fix, upgrade the nvidia driver:
$ sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

This should install the latest driver. Reboot, boot kernel 5.4.0, and everything should work again.
To check which nvidia drivers are available for your graphics card:
$ sudo ubuntu-drivers devices
== /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000010DEd00001C20sv00001A58sd00002001bc03sc00i00
vendor   : NVIDIA Corporation
model    : GP106M [GeForce GTX 1060 Mobile]
driver   : nvidia-driver-390 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-435 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-440 - distro non-free recommended
driver   : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin

To check installed driver:
$ dpkg -l 'nvidia-driver*'
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name                  Version         Architecture    Description
+++-=====================-===============-===============-================================================
ii  nvidia-driver-440     440.100-0ubuntu amd64           NVIDIA driver metapackage


Bash Shell Scripting - displaying all files .c

You can use
find . -type f -name '*.c'

If you want to search in a directory other than your current directory, use
find /desired/path/to/search -type f -name '*.c'

instead.
To explain what this command does, the first argument is the path for find to search for files in. Then -type f tells find to only consider regular files. -name '*.c' tells find to search for files whose names match the expression *.c (*.c is quoted to prevent the shell expanding the *).
If you wish to search case-insensitively, replace -name '*.c' with -iname '*.c' (then files with .c and .C file extensions will both be found).
By default, find will recursively search through all subdirectories of the directory provided. If you wish to limit the search depth, use the -maxdepth option.


You could try Xorg-Edgers ppa for the drivers. From there you would get the latest drivers.

Blacklist Nouveau drivers

First you should blacklist Nouveau drivers. You can do it by running

sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf

(You can use any other text editor as well, if you don't like nano)

And then you add these lines to that file

blacklist nouveau
blacklist lbm-nouveau
options nouveau modeset=0
alias nouveau off
alias lbm-nouveau off

Install Nvidia drivers

First you should remove all previous Nvidia drivers by running

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia*

Then you can add xorg-edgers ppa

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-349

(You can change the nvidia-349 to what ever is the latest. Currently 349.16 is the latest, so nvidia-349 is the way to go. Or if you want older drivers.)

When you want to update your drivers, just run

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia*
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-xxx

Xorg Edgers also provide Bumblebee, but i don't have any experience about Bumblebee. Someone can edit this post with info about it.


how can i make ubuntu software center offer 32-bit packages

Development packages are usually architecture-independent. For everything else, to get the i386 (32-bit) libraries you need to install the ia32-libs package in Software Center. That should automatically pull in all the i386 libraries you may need (depending on the 64-bit ones already installed).


Nope. Anything in your system will pick up the new name.

In case anyone wonders see ...

/etc/hostname
/etc/hosts


thanks for the response peeps!

This, as with many things, turned out to be a simple fix... There is a setting in the BIOS for 'FastBoot' that was nuking things, with Fastboot turned off I could UEFI install the distro without any issues...

For future reference if anyone else stumbles on this:

BIOS Settings - Fastboot OFF, UEFI Mode ON, Secure Boot OFF

This worked for me, UEFI formatted live USB.


Ubuntu 14.04 as a Gateway / Router and a Firewall

Open a Terminal Ctrl+Alt+T
Enter following command to edit interfaces file:

sudo vim /etc/network/interfaces

Edit the file with the following lines:
(add your netmask and gateway)

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 182.x.x.x
netmask  x.x.x.x
gateway x.x.x.x

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.0.1
netmask x.x.x.x

Now edit /etc/sysctl.conf and uncomment:

# net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

so that it reads:

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

and save it by entering

sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf
To enable IP masquerading, enter following set of commands in terminal:

sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT

Update: Fix strange "-–state" causing command to fail and fix nat MASQUERADE to eth0 (wan interface)


Swap: From partition to file, now get "no matching swap device is available"

Step 1:

$ sudo blkid

It will list get UUID of each device or partition on your system. Copy the UUID of swap partition.

Step 2:

$ sudo vim /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume

Replace the available UUID with paste the UUID which you just copied and save it.

Step 3:

$ sudo update-initramfs -u


ubuntu 16.04, How to downgrade Perl from version 22 to version 20

List what you can install and use, with

perlbrew available

Install what you want from the list, with

perlbrew install perl-5.20.3

See what you can use in this system, with

perlbrew list

Use what you want, in the current shell with

 perlbrew use perl-5.20.2 # for this terminal only
 perlbrew switch perl-5.20.2 # every time you log-in

Revert to the older version with

perlbrew off        # for this terminal only
perlbrew switch-off # every time you log-in