Can't find the file I moved to my desktop after I used the "mv" command in Linux in Ubuntu 18.04 running on VMware

You probably intended to move both files to the ~/Desktop directory. Unfortunately, Linux is case-sensitive by default, and there is likely no ~/desktop directory. In that case,

mv file1.desktop ~/desktop

would have renamed file1.desktop to ~/desktop (a plain file, inside your home directory ~) and then

mv name-filename.png ~/desktop

would have renamed name-filename.png to the same name, ~/desktop, overwriting the old file1.desktop.

For reasons like this, I'd recommend trying to get into the habit of adding a trailing / when the target is a directory; that way, you will get a helpful message like

/home/steeldriver/desktop/: Not a directory

and the renaming will fail. You could also consider aliasing mv to mv -i (to make it prompt you for confirmation) or even mv -n (which will prevent accidental "clobbering" of an existing file). See man mv for these and other options.


How to properly install GTK theme in Ubuntu

This issue was reported at github.com/horst3180/arc-theme, issue #476 and has since been fixed. Install using the fixed .deb package for 16.04: link.


I am not able to download any plugin for audio or video on Ubuntu 13.10

Installing  ubuntu-restricted-extras package will solve your problem.
Run 'sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras' to install the package.


Is it normal for the UI to take up this much space?

The icons in the tab: control - is the normal key to make websites smaller.

In "Chromium" this works (33%->):


Sony Vaio Fit SVF1521V1EB Cannot access secondary GPU

Here goes my best attempt at explaining our troubles. The nvidia Optimus is actually integrated graphics (or hybrid graphics https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HybridGraphics). So it's new technology where the GPU and CPU are physically wired together.

Also because nvidia is nvidia they suck at open source (Linus actually flicked them off at a conference) and their drivers for Linux to allow the system to run aren't working properly. They stated they had no plans to support at this time(https://askubuntu.com/tags/nvidia-optimus/info). Instead it's fallen to users, hackers, and whoever else (not sure who is working on which thing) to develop the drivers for the integrated graphics. However without knowing the full details of how it's built the best anyone else can do is try to implement things based on reverse engineering the system itself. This has led to the many issues. So overall it's currently a sad state of affairs.

There does seem to be hope coming in update 14.04 (http://m.webupd8.org/2013/12/more-work-to-support-nvidia-optimus.html?m=1). Also nvidia "promised" to release more details on their systems (maybe because of the upcoming steam box?) to allow for more and better driver development but we're still waiting on that.

Good luck,

Steven


Package Manager Error; Permission denied while reading sources.list.d for Spotify Client

Remove Spotify and reinstall it...

In terminal...

sudo apt-get purge spotify-client
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install spotify-client

Update #1:

In terminal do sudo chmod 644 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/spotify.list

See https://community.spotify.com/t5/Desktop-Linux-Windows-Web-Player/Error-quot-Could-not-load-cef-extensions-pak-quot/m-p/1316104#M153712

CEF stands for Chromium Embedded Framework, I downloaded it,
found the file and just copied it into the Spotify-folder.
You can find the file here:

http://www.filedropper.com/cefextensions

No file in this link; but this solves the problem:

https://github.com/AtomicGameEngine/CEF3Binaries/blob/master/Linux/Resources/cef_extensions.pak

try

find / -name spotify

I found mine in /usr/share

You can then

sudo cp ~/Downloads/cef_extensions.pak /usr/share/spotify

assuming Downloads is where you downloaded the file and you
found spotify in the same place.

Also, if you're on linux, you're going to need the file in the
github link above, courtesy of Sharlotte.


Is it possible to install without using the graphical installer?

Yes, you can use the alternate installer:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/alternative-downloads


How to open a folder (with GUI) from terminal?

gnome-open does not work for me on 12.04 but nautilus /path to open does work.

example: nautilus /home/john/Downloads.


Is /etc/network/interfaces still working with newer Ubuntu?

Netplan will replace the old /etc/network/interfaces, that means this file will not used anymore by default. But you can still use this file if required by installing the package ifupdown.

apt install ifupdown

This package is the service responsible to configure the network interfaces from /etc/network/interfaces.


Livepatch requires an internet connection

// , Livepatch needs ipv6 for who knows what silly reason. So you gotta turn off your damn VPN.
VPN==sadness
vault-scanner[master]$ sudo canonical-livepatch enable 1111069ffffffffff57fa628acaaaaac
2020/10/27 10:56:13 error executing enable: cannot enable machine: cannot send request: Post https://livepatch.canonical.com/api/machine-tokens: dial tcp: lookup livepatch.canonical.com on [::1]:53: dial udp [::1]:53: connect: network is unreachable
vault-scanner1[master]$

No VPN==happy
vault-scanner1[master]$ sudo canonical-livepatch enable 1111069ffffffffff57fa628acaaaaac
Successfully enabled device. Using machine-token: 1111069ffffffffff57fa628acaaaaac
vault-scanner[master]$

It'll be the same result in the GUI console, but I can't be arsed to post screenshots since this'll probably just get deleted anyway.


Why is my theme switching to the classic and back again?

Sounds to me like a broken config file somewhere in your home directory. The easiest way would be to create a new user account and see if that fixes the problem. If it does, and you want your old account back, you can then try and figure out which file caused it.


Each time I boot the system it start "scanning disk for errors"

Use the disk utility and look at the smart data to see if your hard drive is starting
to act up.  Just go to the dash and type: disk


Yes, it could be possible to make all the .jar files in the current directory to executable.

sudo find . -name "*.jar" -exec chmod +x {} \;

If you want chmod to recursively(it makes the executable even if it present inside subdirectories) make all the .jar files as executables then run the below command.

sudo find . -name "*.jar" -exec chmod +x -R {} \;


Switching an already installed Ubuntu 14.04 LTS from Legacy to UEFI Boot mode

I think this is because you have to add the usb device to the list of uefi boot drives. Search over the web for guides on how to do that.
Once you can start a live distro from your usb drive in Uefi mode, you can use boot-repair in it and solves your problems.
This works for me ;)


I had this same problem just now after I installed some updates, exactly the same as described, except that it worked fine prior to the update.

I got around the issue by opening 'Additional Drivers' and reactivating my driver, as it had been deactivated for some reason.

After a quick reboot it was working fine, although I did have to manually select the resolution (the correct option was there this time), as it didn't do so automatically.

Looking at the age of this post I would think the problem is already solved, but hopefully this will be of help to anybody else with the same problem.


How to open new tab in existing window using keyboard shortcuts on Ubuntu

Looking in the menu I can see that the shortcut to open a new tab is CTRL+SHIFT+T


Transferring from Windows 10 to Ubuntu, 3 disks with NTFS filesystem and a new SSD with Ubuntu installed

You ask " Can I leave the other drives as ntfs or do I need to reformat them to a different file system? ". In short words answer is "Yes, you can leave drivers as ntfs". In long words answer is "If you planning abandon windows then you, probably, need to reformat."


Install using command line.

Run the following command

$sudo dpkg -i <path to virtual box .deb package>

If you get any dependency error run the following command

$sudo apt-get install -f

note : No need to run the command dpkg -i for installing the package after running the apt-get install -f command, which does two jobs of fixing dependenies and also installing the package

I hope this answer would help.


Which is actual difference between package update and security updates?

The security updates are updates that fixes security bugs that can compromise the system, the rest are updates of improvement that fixes non-critic bugs or adds new features to a program. However, its recommended to install all updates.
When do you see this:

35 packages can be updated.
22 updates are security updates.

Yes, you think correctly, there is a total of 35 updates, 22 of which are security updates, and the rest are normal updates.
unattended-upgrade upgrades all packages, in the man page says this:

  automatic  installation  of security (and other)
     upgrades

You can test this running man unattended-upgrade


You can use sed to create a list of the array contents with:

sed '/certs/!d;s/[^[]*\[//;s/,//;s/\]$//'

This selects the line containing the string “certs” and deletes everything but the strings in the array from it. You can use Command Substitution to insert this list in e.g. a for loop:

for i in $(<json sed '/certs/!d;s/[^[]*\[//;s/,//;s/\]$//')
  do echo "$i"
done

This loops over the items printing each of them on a new line.

An alternative to sed is grep to extract the list and tr to delete the commas:

grep -oP 'certs": \[\K.*(?=])' | tr -d ,

Example run

The example text you gave is saved in a file named “json”.

$ for i in $(<json sed '/certs/!d;s/[^[]*\[//;s/,//;s/\]$//'); do echo "$i"; done
"BSc"
"MSc"


Huge thanks to Rob for providing the right answer. For better readability, I will sum it up here.

So the problem appears to be a compatibility issue of Ryzen 3000 CPUs with the kernel supplied in 19.04's ISO, causing all services to fail to load when either trying to live test it or install it.
This regression from previous kernels (including 18.04 LTS's one) can be worked around that way :

Create an 18.04 live usb stick
Once it is installed the way you want it to be, install Ukuu (kernel manager/installer) and upgrade to the latest kernel available. In my case, it is 5.2.14
When its done, upgrade your distro as you usually do, in my case with a sudo do-release-upgrade
enjoy your ubuntu 19.04 running on all those Ryzen cores !

If you find you are not having any display on your screen after logging in, you may want to install fresh Nvidia drivers (I used this tutorial) replacing 390 by whichever version is downloadable when you do it, for me it was 418.
New drivers also fixed Xorg using 100% of the CPU's 12 threads when hovering the mouse around.


Have you tried tuning /sys/block/mdX/md/stripe_cache_size?
According to this forum post (in Norwegian, sorry) "tuning this parameter is more essential the more disks and the faster system you have":

On my system I get the best performance using the value 8192. If I use the default value of 256 the write performance drops 66%.

Quoting his speed for comparison:

Disks: 8xSeagate 2TB LP (5900RPM) in mdadm
RAID6 (-n 512) (stripe_size_cache=8192).
CPU: Intel X3430 (4x2.4GHz, 8GB DDR3 ECC RAM)
Speed: 387 MB/s sequential write, 704 MB/s sequential read, 669 random seeks per sec.

My home server has almost the same disks as you, using RAID 5:

Disks: 4x1.5TB WD Green in RAID 5 (stripe_size_cache=256 - the default)
CPU: Intel i7 920 (2.66 GHz, 6 GB RAM)
Speed: 60 MB/s sequential write, 138 MB/s sequential read (according to Bonnie++)

So it looks like sequential write performance is around 50% of read performance.
For what performance to expect, the Linux Raid Wiki says about RAID 5:

Reads are almost similar to RAID-0
reads, writes can be either rather
expensive (requiring read-in prior to
write, in order to be able to
calculate the correct parity
information, such as in database
operations), or similar to RAID-1
writes (when larger sequential writes
are performed, and parity can be
calculated directly from the other
blocks to be written).

And about RAID 6:

Read performance is similar to RAID-5 but write performance is worse.


I had similar issue on xubuntu 18.04 where my Virtualbox guests was to run windows 7. Although I had Virtualbox 5.2 installed previously that worked.

I made sure that virtualbox-dkms was installed by running this command:

dpkg -l | grep virtualbox-dkms

Then I purged it and and reinstalled only dkms:

apt-get purge virtualbox-dkms && sudo apt-get install dkms

Then I ran the suggested command to rebuild the kernel:

sudo /sbin/vboxconfig

This is what worked for me.


Install windows software on Ubuntu 16.04lts

Yes, software to run Windows applications does exist, its called Wine. It's available in the Ubuntu Software Center or Synaptic Package Manager.

They have rather large support for Windows applications, but some aren't compatible yet.

Wine Homepage
Wine Installation Guide

Regarding Ubuntu Software Center not working anymore, you could try

sudo apt-get update

in a terminal (open using Ctrl + Alt + T).


One possibility is Calibre.

It is an ebook management program which permits conversion to various ebook formats but is cross-platform and can manage databases of pdf files (and not only).

If you decide to install I suggest you do so manually as the version in the repos is not very up to date. Follow the instructions on the site.

A screenshot:

Another possibility is Zotero

It is is bibliography manager but permits adding book details directly through a browser Amazon.com and other sites, pdf attachments and more.

To import the pdf's into Zotero you can see this page.


why not give vlc streaming a try ? use lower bit rates and you should be good to go


I fixed myself
i installed tightvncserver instead vnc4server
and log file include IP now

thank!


installing ubuntu 14.04 in win 7 lost partition

If you selected "Replace Windows 7"
 when installing Ubuntu, there unfortunatly is no way to recover your Windows 7 partition, because it has been formated and overwritten by Ubuntu.


Can't Access Apache on VirtualBox VM (using NAT + Host-only)

I figured out what was causing the problem ... iptables!

The configuration I have set up for the VM should work without any problem.

If anyone with the same setup is facing problems, checkout the following:

System firewall (i.e. iptables) configuration;
SELinux configuration;

cheers :)


Unity gone after updating 16.10 - Boots into Gnome

Open terminal and run following command to reset unity:

unity --reset

Does it work? If no, you could try reinstalling ubuntu-desktop

Run following command one-by-one :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop

Reboot may necessary

sudo reboot


The command that you implement and most likely can in-bed into the proxychains.conf file is:

  $ curl -s checkip.dyndns.org|sed -e 's/.Current IP Address: //' -e 's/<.$//'

If any one has any additional thoughts, they are more than welcome, they are encouraged.


Any open window and program is gone when I close my laptop lid (Suspend). What should I do?

Go to system settings, (usually located on the dock, or go to the dash and type "system settings")
Then go to Power, and change the options "when lid is closed" to suspend.


Changing desktop icon size in Ubuntu 19.04

Indeed, desktop ions are not anymore provided by nautilus. They are now provided by a Gnome Shell Extension. The icons can be resized, but the options are limited to some preset sizes and are currently not exposed in the default user interface.

Using Tweaks - The easiest way to change the icon size is to install Gnome Tweaks (aka "Tweaks"). On the "Extensions" tab of Tweaks, you will see a cog next to the "Desktop icons" extension. Click the cog to access configuration options for the extension, which include a choice between "Small", "Standard" and "Large" desktop icons.

Using the terminal - Alternatively, you can control the size with a terminal command:

gsettings get org.gnome.shell.extensions.desktop-icons icon-size 'standard'

Other possibilities instead of 'standard' are 'small' and 'large' You can learn this with the command

gsettings range org.gnome.shell.extensions.desktop-icons icon-size

To reset to default:

gsettings reset org.gnome.shell.extensions.desktop-icons icon-size

Customize icon size - For advanced users only

Only three preset icon sizes are available in the extension's preferences. Customizing these sizes unfortunately requires hacking the source code of the extension because icon size presets are hard-coded in the file prefs.js.

const ICON_SIZE = { 'small': 48, 'standard': 64, 'large': 96 };
const ICON_WIDTH = { 'small': 120, 'standard': 128, 'large': 128 };
const ICON_HEIGHT = { 'small': 98, 'standard': 114, 'large': 146 };

The system wide extension is installed in /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/desktop-icons@csoriano.


If apt-get install Unable to locate package, It means that package you are installing may not available on PPA according to your /etc/apt/sources.list

Then You should add appropriate PPA (For Finding PPA Refer Website: http://www.ubuntuupdates.org/ppas)

Then sudo apt-get update and then sudo apt-get install [pkg-name]

For More Information About How To Add PPAs Visit: Ubuntu Help


Solved issue
this script works, changed "DSI1" to "DSI-1" and it seems to wok best when not using Wayland: https://github.com/danielotero/linux-on-hi10/blob/master/touchscreen/rotation


Uncheck Guest Access and more steps are below first backup configuration file by typing:

sudo cp /usr/share/samba/smb.conf /usr/share/samba/smb.conf.bak

Try to edit sudo vi /usr/share/samba/smb.conf

encrypt passwords = true

usershare owner only = false

Also change "security = share" to "security = user" and guest account = nobody
Then restart

sudo service smbd restart

sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart


It is the uncle here. I am new to Ubuntu so forgive me but though I do know what you mean by the launcher I don't know what you mean by 'hub'.
When I search for 'Firefox' in the Dash-Board I get the Icon but it won't initiate it.
I have to remove and then re-install (using the software centre) to get it working but then on reboot I am back to square one.
I'm on ubuntu 12.04 LTS

I used terminal to initiate Firefox as suggested by Qasim and then locked onto launcher (BTW this had not been an option before) and after rebooting it has locked onto the launcher so thanks for your help, problem solved.


I am not a developer myself, but I know Ubuntu supports OpenGL, Adobe Flash Player and HTML5. Ubuntu does not support Adobe Shockwave, as Adobe does not bother to create a package for Linux.

My opinion would be to go with OpenGL as that usually has good performance with Ubuntu. You probably already know that Flash is limiting, buggy, and has performance problems. I'm not sure about HTML5 as that hasn't gone mainstream yet, but I'm hoping that it will overtake and replace Flash.

Hope this gives you an idea on what to go for.


Useful suggestions here Config import on network-manager-openvpn
which helped me to establish that my problem (same symptoms as above) are down to the network manager and not openvpn itself.


Automatic suspend gets triggered too early when running on battery

Did you tried to re-set the value in the drop-down list? I mean setting to something other, and after that resetting it to 2 hours?

As I noticed if there is some other value set deep inside the settings (dconf -> /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/power/sleep-inactive-battery-timeout) then 2 hours gets displayed.


Ubuntu: "X" mark on the top-right corner of respective file icons

In this case, it looks like all you need to do is grant read permissions to the files, since right now only user dkumar has read permission. If you have sudo permissions, you can do:

sudo chmod +r /usr/local/lib/taucs_full/src/*


There is a bug with nvidia and the stock 3.8.0-19 kernel in ubuntu 13.04 use the mainline kernel

Not doing this can result in not being able to boot

Install the driver by running sudo apt-get install -y nvidia-313-updates nvidia-settings-313-updates

If you want the beta driver use the xorg edgers ppa, then install nvidia-319 nvidia-settings-319sudo apt-add-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa -y; sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get upgrade -y; sudo apt-get install nvidia-319 nvidia-settings-319 -y


How to install wifi driver Ralink RT3290

Since Ralink does not patch the driver and the current version does not work, I provided a patched file that you can download and install following this steps

download the patched file from my private Google Drive directory.
open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+t) and cd into the folder where the file is downloaded, e.g. cd ~/Downloads.
type

sudo tar -xvf rt3290sta-2.6.0.0.dkms.tar -C /usr/src

to untar the content in a system directory
you should now get a password prompt where you type the sudo password and press Enter.
once the files are all extracted type

sudo dkms install -m rt3290sta -v 2.6.0.0 --force

to install the driver with dkms
enter sudo password again and ensure that install is completed successfully (it will take some time).
reboot.
Enjoy Wi-Fi with your RT3290 :D

The patch will work up to kernel version v4.14, it breaks on v4.15 onwards due to the change in the kernel timer implementations.


How to make bottom bar ("Windows List" extension ) background black

Found a solution to make it black-er, yet a shadow remains.
I went to extension folder, edited stylesheet.css, and added background-color: black; to bottom-panel.


Change default icon for VLC media player Ubuntu 20.04?

Solution:

terminal sudo chmod -R a+rwx /var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications
then go to /var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications => right-click VLC, properties, click icon & select whatever you want.


There are several similar tools for this. I prefer filelight personally, which is KDE/QT based. If you don't like that, another one is gdmap. If you want a console shell application, try gt5. There are yet more as well.


If you want to use read to pass the names, and you want to delete lines that contain the names:

read deletename; sed "/$deletename/d" test.txt

then press enter and read waits for you to enter something, so type whatever you want deletename to be, for example 0, then press enter again and the sed command is executed. The contents of test.txt will appear in the terminal, but all the lines that contain 0, or whatever you typed, will be deleted from the stream (NOT from the file)

If you only want to delete the names themselves it's like this:

read deletename; sed "s/$deletename//g" test.txt

If you then type 0, then every instance of 0 will be deleted.

You can redirect (or tee) the output to a new file, or if you want to modify the file in place, use the -i flag (after testing)

read deletename; sed -i "/$deletename/d" test.txt

In this case you will see no output; the changes will be written to the file instead of displayed in the terminal (on STDOUT).

You need to use double quotes to allow parameter expansion, as single quotes will suppress it. but the most correct way, I think, although not necessary in this simple case, it to use single quotes around the other parts of the expression and quote the variable normally:

sed 's/'"$deletename"'//g' test.txt


No background for launcher icons (14.04)

This is part of the Numix theme. If I set my theme to Numix I have the same issue. If I set it back to Ubuntu's theme the backgrounds appear too. I'm talking about the theme, not the icon pack.


How do you escape "-" in a command in the Shell (Zsh)?

When you need to specify a file name that starts with a dash as argument to a command, which might interpret it as option instead, you can write the absolute or explicit relative path to the file instead:

mv /path/to/-a a
mv ./-a a

Alternatively some (not all) commands support -- as separator between options and positional arguments. This depends on the specific command you use though.

mv -- -a a


Install GNOME without working internet connection

Because we don't know for sure what else may have been removed by purging GNOME, and because of the so many other dependencies GNOME has the least time consuming and a secure way to get a functional and running system back would be a clean reinstall of Ubuntu (e.g. from a flash pen).

Make sure not to delete your /home directories by choosing upgrade 11.10 to 11.10. This will preserve all settings you may have made.


how do i get unity back? "It seems that you do not have the hardware required to run Unity. Please choose Ubuntu Classic"

I had same problem. but it was solved soon after reinstalling graphics card driver. i hope it works for u too.


There's no support for 19.10 yet; as per https://www.lwks.com/index.php?option=com_kunena&func=view&catid=19&id=199690&Itemid=81 and https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Lightworks-14.6-Beta-2 . The latest Ubuntu family OS they support is 19.04.


sudo update-grub should do the work. It should detect that there is no Windows partition anymore.

Alternatively you've got grub-customizer, which allows you to edit grub entries.


Skype tray icon goes outside of tray when clicking "Workspace switcher"

Yes it is normal, and it happens to everyone. It's related to the fact that Unity uses indicator applets and those are much better integrated than Skype.


How to stream mic input with little to no delay(over lan)

Icecast is not the answer. It is not designed for very low latency. You can trim the delays down to below 1 second, but it's not consistent across multiple clients. So if you have more than one player connected they will start drifting apart. For use cases like you imply them a constant (sometimes even adjustable) sub 100ms latency is key.

An approach more likely to succeed is VoIP software or network transparent audio servers like Jack or PulseAudio.


Distribution upgrade stuck on postgresql confirmation window

When you come up to windows like that during installations, they are not clickable.  Instead, press the Tab until you see the OK highlighted, then press the Enter key.

Hope this helps!


install complete LAMP stack for 14.04 to install wordpress

There are some packages missing. Install everything needed by running :

sudo apt-get install apache2 php5 mysql-server libapache2-mod-php5 php5-mysql

If you need phpmyadmin afterwards, install it :

sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin


Installation problem xdg-desktop-menu: No writable system menu directory found

I found the answer on linux bug reports. It is a bug in xdg. I have found that you can get around it by simply creating the folder it is looking for. i.e.

sudo mkdir /usr/share/desktop-directories/


Is it better to install 32bit Ubuntu for a EMT64 processor?

The consideration is also whether there is a program that is not easily available also for 64-bit architecture (there are some, but not many these days).

However, if you've got 16GB RAM, I would definitely suggest giving the 64-bit version a try. ;-)


How to check if script was executed via command line or double-clicked?

You can check if the parent process is the shell. For example:

#! /bin/bash

if [[ $(readlink -f /proc/$(ps -o ppid:1= -p $$)/exe) != $(readlink -f "$SHELL") ]]
then
    echo "Starting the shell..."
    exec "$SHELL"
else
    echo "Not starting a shell."
fi

ps -o ppid:1= -p $$ prints the PID of the parent process (ppid) of the current process (-p $$). A readlink on /proc/<pid>/exe should print the path to the executable, which would be the shell if you ran it in a shell, or something else otherwise.

Another possibility is the SHLVL variable, which indicates how nested the current the shell instance is. If run within a shell, the script should have SHLVL 2 or greater. When run by double clicking, or from a desktop launcher, it should be 1:

#! /bin/bash

if (( SHLVL > 1 ))
then
    echo "Starting the shell..."
    exec "$SHELL"
else
    echo "Not starting a shell."
fi


Video and Audio files change file type when transfering from Ubuntu to Windows 7 partition

Try adding the extension to your files in Ubuntu. Disc 1 audio.mp3 and test.mp3 for instance and try it again


How to access archive.ubuntu.com from an IPv6 only machine?

The main archive server, and many mirrors don't support IPv6 so going IPv6 only is very cutting edge of you but... most of the rest of humanity probably will join you when we are well into 2012 (if not 2015) or when it becomes really unavoidable.

That being said...

I found a link from 2008 that states you can use a gateway from sixxs.net
From the link:

  Edit your sources.list and replace http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ by http://archive.ubuntu.com.ipv6.sixxs.org/ubuntu/

Looking at the website this looks like it is still working.
Some mirrors are IPv6-ready (the ones operated by BIT). Their URLs are...

nl.archive.ubuntu.com / ubuntuarchive.bit.nl
ftp.belnet.be (BelNet)
ie.archive.ubuntu.com / ubuntu.ftp.heanet.ie (HeaNet).
mirrors.xmission.com (operated by Xmission)

So the answer is yes you can do it w/o IPv4 but why not use both IPv4 and IPv6 like everyone else does that uses IPv6?


GRUB rescure mode, "error: unknow filessystem" and difficulty booting from USB

I need a bit of clarification: Did you erase the partitions (as in format), or did you remove the primary partition (ext4, swap ect)? If you are able to boot from CD, I recommend download RescaTux (http://www.supergrubdisk.org/rescatux/) and burning it to a disk to attempt a full repair.


How to fix missing gpg key even though it should have been imported?

gpg is failing with invalid packet (ctb=01)/keydb_get_keyblock failed: eof. This usually means that your GPG keyring is damaged. The quickest way to fix the issue is to delete it, or restore it from a backup.

Here are a few handy commands for you:

To list all keys currently in APT keyrings:

apt-key list

To restore trusted.gpg from APT automatic backup:

cp /etc/apt/trusted.gpg{~,}

To delete trusted.gpg and re-create it with the keys for the Ubuntu archive:

rm /etc/apt/trusted.gpg
apt-key update

In all the commands I have used /etc/apt/trusted.gpg, but beware that there may be other keyrings inside /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/.

APT uses all the keyrings at the same time, as you can see by examining your output:

Executing: gpg [...] \
  --keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg \
  --primary-keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg \
  --keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/atareao-telegram.gpg \
  --keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/neovim-ppa-unstable.gpg \
  --keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/nilarimogard-webupd8.gpg \
  [...]

Having one damaged keyring makes GPG sad and none of the keyrings (even the good ones) are trusted. As a result, none of the keys considered.


Why is Ubuntu not as fast when it was freshly installed?

Sounds like you've got a bunch of background services running...

smbd and nmbd

smbd and nmbd are daemon of Samba Process. Do you really need to export smb share on windows or other machine. If not! why are these processes running? You can safely kill these processes and disable them from starting automatically when machine boots the next time.

Telnet

Do You need bidirectional interactive text-oriented communication over internet or local area network? If not! kill this process and turn-off it from starting at booting.

rlogin

Do you need to log in to another host over network. If not! Kill this process and disable it from starting automatically at boot.

rexec

The Remote Process Execution aka rexec lets you execute shell commands on a remote computer. If you don’t require to execute shell command on a remote machine, simply kill the process.

FTP

Do you need to transfer files from one host to another host over Internet? If not you can safely stop the service.

automount

Do you need to mount different file systems automatically to bring up network file system? If not! Why is this process running? Why are you letting this application to use you resource? Kill the process and disable it from starting automatically.

named

Do you need to run NameServer (DNS)? If not what on earth is compelling you to run this process and allow eating up your resources. Kill the running process first and then turn-off it from running it at boot.

lpd

lpd is the printer daemon which makes it possible to print to that server. If you don’t need to print from the server chances are your system resources are being eaten up.

Inetd

Are you running any inetd services? If you are running stand alone application like ssh which uses other stand alone application like Mysql, Apache, etc. then you don’t need inetd. better kill the process and disable it starting next time automatically.

portmap

Portmap which is an Open Network Computing Remote Procedure Call (ONC RPC) and usages daemon rpc.portmap and rpcbind. If these Processes are running, means you are running NFS server. If NFS server is running unnoticed means your system resources are being used up un-necessarily.

How to Kill a Process in Linux
In order to kill a running process in Linux, use the ‘Kill PID‘ command. But, before running Kill command, we must know the PID of the process. For example, here I want to find a PID of ‘cupsd‘ process.

[avishek@tecmint]# ps ax | grep cupsd

1511 ?        Ss     0:00 cupsd -C /etc/cups/cupsd.conf

So, the PID of ‘cupsd‘ process is ‘1511‘. To kill that PID, run the following command.

[avishek@tecmint]# kill -9 1511

To find out more about kill command with their examples, read the article A Guide to Kill Command to Terminate a Process in Linux

How to Disable a Services in Linux
In Red Hat based distributions such as Fedora and CentOS, make use of a script called ‘chkconfig‘ to enable and disable the running services in Linux.

For example, lets disable the Apache web server at the system startup.

[avishek@tecmint]# chkconfig httpd off

[avishek@tecmint]# chkconfig httpd --del

In Debian based distributions such as Ubuntu, Linux Mint and other Debian based distributions use a script called update-rc.d.

For example, to disable the Apache service at the system startup execute the following command. Here ‘-f’ option stands for force is mandatory.

[avishek@tecmint]# update-rc.d -f apache2 remove

After making these changes, The system next time will boot without these UN-necessary process which in-fact will be saving our system resource and the server would be more practical, fast, safe and secure.

That’s all for now. I’ll here we again with another interesting article. Till then stay tuned and connected to Tecmint. Don’t forget to provide us with your valuable feedback in comment Section.

http://www.tecmint.com/remove-unwanted-services-from-linux/


Connect the printer to your Ubuntu computer and it will automatically work

This is because 12.04+ already comes with the latest version of all HP printing and scanning drivers for Ubuntu (The hiplip-gui  package). Just plug the Printer to the computer, turn it on and done. You can access the printer by opening the Dash and typing Printers.

Additionally I have a HP Photosmart C3100 and a Photosmart C4200 (The C4250 model just in case) and even if you go to the HP website, after selecting in their menu your model, you will be greeted with this:

Which just means that Ubuntu supports your Printer out of the box. There is no need to install anything else (This is not Windows just in case you think they work the same in this aspect). So it saves you and me a lot of time to not worry about drivers. Specially those huge ones that HP has for each printer.


Testing my system, I need a script that will use as much ram and swap as possible

memtester is a user space program designed to allocate memory (any amount you specify) and test it with random patterns. It will avoid swap usage though. But if you take all memory away with memtester first (check with free -m) and then start anything else that uses a lot of memory (gimp, firefox, ...), that should get the swap going.

Another alternative would be something like openssl rand -base64 $((1024*1024*1024)) | less and in less use > to jump to the last line; this will cause 1GB of base64 encoded random data to be loaded in memory (but it's slow).

If you're looking for something more efficient, a small script in any scripting language (e.g. Python) might do.

#!/usr/bin/python2
import numpy
result = [numpy.random.bytes(1024*1024) for x in xrange(1024)]
print len(result)

That would allocate 1G of memory with random data and print the number of MB allocated before terminating. If you want more than 1024M, adapt the xrange value accordingly.


Webm videos converted with avconv not working properly

I have the same issue, using the same conversion tool.  The video plays as normal in Chromium, but not Firefox 30 (Linux) or Aurora 31 (Windows).  When I used ffmpeg (of which avconv is a fork) a couple of months back, all worked as expected.

What I have noticed is that on Firefox, the progress bar appears for the video and it shows as if the the video has already been played.  Sliding this back to the start and pressing play will display the video, but it appears in the centre of the screen and too small to see the content.  If you right click the tiny video and click on full-screen, it will play normally.

The old webm videos made with ffmpeg work fine in the same version of Firefox so it appears that the files created by avconv are different in some way. Perhaps they do not correctly report their dimensions for some reason?

I will try to fiddle around over the weekend and report back.

Regards,

Steve


No, but for a list of all options one can use with it, skype --help still works:

Skype 4.3.0.37

Usage: skype [options]
Options:
  --dbpath=<path>       Specify an alternative path to store Skype data files.
                        Default: ~/.Skype
  --resources=<path>    Specify a path where Skype can find its resource files.
                        Default: /usr/share/skype
  --secondary           Start a secondary instance of Skype.
  --disable-api         Disable Skype Public API.
  --callto <nick>
  skype:<nick>?<action>
                        These commands allow Skype links handling.
  --pipelogin           Command line login. "echo username password | skype --pipelogin"
  --version             Display version information and exit.


If you're looking for a barebones and modern image for floppies, you can use grub-mkimage from the command line. Here's how:

Open Terminal (if it's not already open)

Create an x64, eft-compatible, multi boot image:
grub-mkimage -p /boot -o floppy.img -O x86_64-efi multiboot

This will create a file named floppy.img that is 307,200 bytes in size.

Write the image file to the floppy with dd:
dd if=floppy.img of=/dev/fd0 bs=1k

Note: Be sure to replace /dev/fd0 with your actual device if it's different.

Boot with the floppy like its 1996

This should give you a semi-modern bootable floppy with Grub on it.


How do update to adobe flash 19.0.0.245 or higher

If you are using Firefox, try the following

Open "Software & updates" or run software-properties-gtk from terminal
Check all options under "Ubuntu Software" tab
Run sudo apt-get update from terminal followed by sudo apt-get install adobe-flashplugin
Restart Firefox browser if it is already open

You should be all set.

If it works then the credit goes to  "https://askubuntu.com/users/266507/hi-angel"


lilypond is installed properly.

Run with

lilypond <your_file>

as described in the help. More information with man lilypond

  Usage: lilypond [OPTION]... FILE...
  Typeset music and/or produce MIDI from FILE.

It doesn't appears in Applications, because there is no GUI, (graphical user interface) only a CLI (command line interface)

Example

Create a new file test.ly

cd
nano test.ly

Add the lines below

\version "2.18.2"
{
  c' e' g' e'
}

Compile

lilypond test.ly

Open the result

xdg-open test.pdf

Another example

Create a new source (test2.ly) file and add

upper = \relative c'' {
  \clef treble
  \key c \major
  \time 4/4

  a4 b c d
}

lower = \relative c {
  \clef bass
  \key c \major
  \time 4/4

  a2 c
}

\score {
  \new PianoStaff <<
    \set PianoStaff.instrumentName = #"Piano  "
    \new Staff = "upper" \upper
    \new Staff = "lower" \lower
  >>
  \layout { }
  \midi { }
}

Compile

lilypond test2.ly

And open the result

xdg-open test2.pdf


Wine is not perfect especially for "intensive" programs such as games. Since its not translating every command correctly(or can't translate it at all) there will be problems. For better performance, try turning down every graphics setting you can. Also there are official instructions for wine from winehq.org detailing the process for your system. Ubuntu and other debian based systems should do this.
Purge any previous wine packages with

sudo apt purge *wine*

Next get the repo info

wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/Release.key
sudo apt-key add Release.key
sudo apt-add-repository https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/
sudo apt update

Then finally install your choice of wine

Stable version

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends winehq-stable

Staging version:

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends winehq-staging

Development version(not recommended for normal use):

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends winehq-devel


How can I connect my HP Photosmart C3100 printer in 10.04 (regression from 9.x)

Firstly make sure your printer is turned on! And both the USB and power cables are securely connected.

As you are having problems I'd suggest you install the HPLIP Toolbox - this software is created by Hewlett-Packard themselves.

sudo apt-get install hplip-gui

Once installed launch it from System->Preferences->HPLIP Toolkit. From here you should click on the green add button, and follow the instructions.

If all this still does not work then you should file a bug report. Press Alt+F2 and enter ubuntu-bug hplip. In the bug description make sure you link to this question (and link from this question to the bug).


Software Center empty "No usefulness from server" "no username in config file"

Run

cd ~/.cache; rm -r software-center

in a terminal.

Credits to Joker Dino :P


Where is the Oracle java jdk keystore located?

The keystore is :  jre/lib/security/cacerts .   You can list its contents by:

keytool -list -keystore java.home/jre/lib/security/cacerts -v

To find JAVA_HOME, issue this command:

sudo apt-get install galternatives

And then run that program.

But, it sound to me like you dont need to alter the keystore.  What you need to do is edit the .policy file.   It's easy to find at:

java.home/jre/lib/security/java.policy

Of course, if you still cant find it then it is easy to derive with this command:

sudo find / -name "java"


Juju Ceilometer-Agent is not reporting about nova-compute

The ceilometer-agent charm is a subordinate charm; you should be able to run:

juju add-relation ceilometer-agent nova-compute

This should automatically deply ceilometer-agent to all units running nova-compute.


Exit code 143. Game ended with bad state. Are you not getting a crash report from your launcher? If Minecraft opens then closes without warning, but only tells you it ended with a bad state, contact Mojang developers, because the least you should be getting is a crash report.

So in the end, there are three possibilities;
1. Your launcher was never updated. Get the new launcher that was distributed starting Minecraft 1.6.
2. Your launcher is defective. Contact Mojang developers about this issue.
3. You aren't examining the game output/launcher log closely enough.


what is tomcat's user directory and how to find it in ubuntu?

There are three important directories for Tomcat:

 /etc/tomcat{X} for configuration

 /etc/tomcat{X} for runtime, called CATALINA_HOME

 /usr/share/tomcat{X}-root for webapps

The alternative path to Tomcat, called CATALINA_BASE, is

   /var/lib/tomcat{X}

The temp folder for Tomcat is

  /tmp/tomcat{X}-tomcat{X}-tmp

All the above paths work for Tomcat 6, 7, and 8.

Replace {X} with the appropriate Tomcat major version number, e.g.

 /etc/tomcat8.

It should work


Please see this bug report: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-oem-osp1/+bug/1835879 It suggests that your device is not supported but is supported in the package linux-oem-osp1.

Your device also requires firmware that is not present in the linux-firmware package in 18.04. Let's fix both. With a temporary internet connection by ethernet, tethered or whatever means possible, open a terminal and do:

wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.183.2_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux*.deb

And next:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install linux-oem-osp1

Several dependencies will also be installed.

Reboot and show us a new:

dmesg | grep iwl


Wifi with two computers with ubuntu not working

Does the router give you automatically a IP-address or do you use a fixed one?

Please post the (terminal) output of:

  ifconfig -a

from both computers.


I realize I'm almost 5 years too late, but maybe this will help someone else.  Hyper-V provides data from a named pipe into the VM as a COM port, as you show above.  Hyper-V, rather unhelpfully, does not connect that named pipe to the host's COM port, which is what you would need to pass the data through to your VM.

I just wrote a Windows program that runs on the host OS and provides a link between the host COM port and the named pipe, allowing you to use the host COM port from your Ubuntu VM.

You need to run this as an admin user.

https://github.com/tdhoward/COMpipe


Mate desktop 20.04 hovering panel thumbnail causes excessive CPU usage

I highly recommend a window manager called Compiz.
Here is how to install it:
If you don't have Synaptic installed then you gotta do it from Terminal:
sudo apt install synaptic
then enter password
Now run Synaptic: Main Menu: System ⯈ Administration ⯈ Synaptic Package Manager.  (then enter password)
In Synaptic search for a package called: compiz. Find the package and install it and any other recommended packages by clicking on the box and select "mark for installation". Then just click Apply at the top to install it.  Do the same for the package called: compizconfig-settings-manager.  Once installed you can close Synaptic.
Now run Mate-Tweak.  Its in Main Menu: System⯈ Preferences⯈ Look and Feel⯈ Mate Tweak.  In Mate Tweak Click on the Windows icon.  In the drop down menu under "Window manager" select Compiz(Advanced GPU accelerated desktop effects)
Now run CompizConfig Settings Manager.  Its in Main Menu: System⯈ Preferences⯈ Look and Feel⯈ CompizConfig Settings Manager.
In the Compiz Settings page look for EXTRAS: "Thumbnail Window Previews" and check the box. Now when you hover over the panel there will be thumbnails. Compiz thumbnails also play video like if a video is playing in VLC its thumbnail will be a small video.
I also highly recommend other effects in Compiz like: "Desktop Cube" and "3D Windows".  I can activate it by pressing the ctrl and super keys on my keyboard and then by clicking and dragging on my screen i can rotate the cube desktop. You can select any key combo you want to activate it because compiz is customizable.
One day all linux distros will have Compiz preinstalled.
Linux Forever


Why php5-fpm is depending of a "sury.org" version of php5-common?

Try to install php5-fpm package through aptitude which resolves all the dependency problems,

sudo aptitude install php5-fpm

To install aptitude,

sudo apt-get install aptitude


Unable to press 'E' key in bash when I add export EDITOR=vim in /etc/inputrc

/etc/inputrc is used to customize readline, a system that is used by bash and some other programs to handle keyboard input. You can not define environment variables and do other Bash customization in this file.

Instead use /etc/bash.bashrc if you want to change some Bash settings for all users on your system or .bashrc in a user's home folder if you want to change the settings for just one user.


How do I install Indicator Synapse in Ubuntu 16.04

Use the following command on your terminal. Then It will be OK.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/apps
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install indicator-synapse

Then follow the following instruction:

System Settings > Software & Updates > Other Software > find and click noobslab/apps repository > Edit > change Distrbution value to "trusty".
Then sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get install indicator-synapse. That's all.

Source: https://gist.github.com/brenopolanski/cb56125da4fede7a8abf


Why does Network Manager always ask for my keyring password?

There is an option in Network manager not to use password.
If you edit the connection, at the bottom of the page there is a box "available to all users" if you tick this it will not require a password.

To edit right click the icon, select edit Connections, select wireless,select your connection and click edit.


Mapping Left/Right side-buttons using xev

Run the command xmodmap -pp

out put will be similar to like this

pratap@i7-6550U:~$ xmodmap -pp
There are 10 pointer buttons defined.

    Physical        Button
     Button          Code
        1              1
        2              2
        3              3
        4              4
        5              5
        6              6
        7              7
        8              8
        9              9
       10             10

pratap@i7-6550U:~$

this means when the Physical Button 1 is pressed the Button Code 1 function will be done which is just a mouse click. In your case you have pressed the middle mouse button first and then side buttons in which the middle mouse button is button 2, that is correct. left side and right side buttons should have a value of 6 & 7 (my guessing only)

in general left click, middle mouse button, right click, scroll down, scroll up are Physcial Buttons 1 to 5.

In your case you need to map Physical Buttons 6 & 7 to Button Codes 6 & 7.

run the command xmodmap -pp and see what is showing for Physical Buttons 6 & 7

then run xmodmap -e "pointer = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7"

Example:

pratap@i7-6550U:~$ xmodmap -e "pointer = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7"
Warning: Only changing the first 7 of 10 buttons.
pratap@i7-6550U:~$

xmodmap -e "pointer = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7" command works instantly but will not survive logout or reboot. add this command in start up applications Preferences once you are satisfied with this mapping.

when ever you want to go back to default behaviour, run xmodmap -e "pointer = default" and delete the entry from start up application.

source: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/bionic/man1/xmodmap.1.html

Check what are the functions doing by pressing your mouse Physical Buttons in actual by clicking them.. if they are intended to do back/ forwarded out of the box, that's fine. If they do nothing. Map those keys to do back/ forward from this Q&A binding back/forward to mouse buttons

Edit:

According to the website of your mouse vendor
http://www.sentey.com/br/whirlwindx there should be a software for configuring side buttons but i did not find any link to it. Also the support for this mouse is only to the OS'es Windows & MacOs it seems.

Contenet in this Question or exended comments may give a clue similar to your situation. Ubuntu 18.04 how to disable power save?


Replace windows with Ubuntu with ISO burned onto disk?

It depends according to the option you choose while installing Ubuntu.

If you choose "Erase full disk and install Ubuntu option",it will completely format your HDD nd install Ubuntu on it.
If you choose Install Ubuntu alongside windows option,the installer will erase all the partitions except your Windows C drive.
If you choose "Something Else" option,you will be allowed to select the partition on which  Ubuntu is going to be installed.


Terminal errors concerning netflix in google chrome

Verify that the required Widevine and Pepper Flash (PPAPI) modules are installed in your version of Chrome.
Google Chrome -> Address bar: chrome://plugins

Both the required modules should be visible:
Widevine Content Decryption Module
Adobe Flash Player Version
This should be a PPAPI Version 11.7 or greater.

Also if you are a nexflix user alot I would look into the nexflix app for ubuntu.
Sudo apt-get netflix-desktop

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ehoover/compholio

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install netflix-desktop


Installation boot, Kernel Panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)

Apparently reinstalling ubuntu on the usb solved the problem


How can I use both Intel onboard and Nvidia graphics at the same time?

With the current graphics platform, this does not seem to be possible. You can only use one card


Is there a server app in Ubuntu Software Center for PHP?

One suggestion (there are other options):

First install synaptic package manager (sort of a pro version of software center):

sudo apt-get install synaptic apt-xapian-index

Webserver / php

Then open synaptic and install apache web server and php5. If you select "libapache2-mod-php5" it should pull in the necessary apache server and other things. Note, if you type "php5" in the quick search there is a lot of php5 related packages some of these may be needed as you go along, and you can just install them later.

Database

Install a database (my personal preference is postgresql but mysql is probably easier to get started with as it doesn't have the same level of security settings involved, I would strongly advice, though that you transition to postgres at a time when it feels convenient, it's more standards compliant and therefore your work and experience will generally be more broadly applicable, and the documentation is far better.). Select "php5-mysql" + "mysql-server" or "php5-pgsql" + "postgresql".

For mysql: during installation you will be asked a password for your mysql root account (it can be a bit confusing at times) this root/password is what you normally will give to php-apps you will be building and it's the password you'll give to phpmyadmin during installation also.

Database administration

Install phpmyadmin - a php-based administrator for mysql (or if you go with postgres, pgadmin3).

Coding editor

Finally install a suitable php editor or a full blown ide. As for editors I have no specific suggestion (just use the text editor you're comfortable with) but for ide I'll suggest netbeans (found in synaptic).

When this is done, your webroot will be /var/www/. This is where you put your php-files.

You can check that apache is running by going to http\://localhost/ where you should see the message

It works!


Kernel did not upgrade between 14.04 LTS to 16.04 LTS

This happens sometimes for some reason.

It can be easily fixed in 16.04 by

sudo apt install linux-generic

This will install the correct kernel and the meta package for kernel upgrades.


Is it possible to keep setgid bit when unzipping files as non-root user?

That behavior was default but later it began to be considered as security issue (CVE-2005-0602).

unzip --help shows argument that should help: -K  keep setuid/setgid/tacky permissions.
Therefore command should be unzip -K archive.zip.


What is the difference between #!/bin/sh and #!/bin/bash?

bash and sh are two different shells. Basically bash is sh, with more features and better syntax. Most commands work the same, but they are different.

Having said that, you should realize /bin/sh on most systems will be a symbolic link and will not invoke sh.  In Ubuntu /bin/sh used to link to bash, typical behavior on Linux distributions, but now has changed to linking to another shell called dash.  I would use bash, as that is pretty much the standard (or at least most common, from my experience).  In fact, problems arise when a bash script will use #!/bin/sh because the script-maker assumes the link is to bash when it doesn't have to be.

For more info, http://man.cx/sh, http://man.cx/bash.


Unity Dash Graphical Glitches in Ubuntu 13.04 with ATI Graphics

I had the same problem but I got it fixed by disabling Unity Panel transparency from "Panel" tab and Background Blur from "Search" tab with Unity Tweak Tool.


Melting Windows' partitions together while installing Ubuntu

Yes, you can simply select "Erase disk and install Ubuntu" to repartition the drive to Ubuntu-only.

It's a good choice if your want Ubuntu to be the only OS on the entire hard disk, and wish to remove all traces of the older OS.

Warning:  'Erase disk' means exactly what it says. If you have any data you wish to preserve, save it someplace else (off that disk) before starting. Not a different partition on the same disk - those will be erased. If you have a Windows Product Key you wish to save for future re-use, write it down before erasing the disk.


Warning: Take your time reading this first sentence:

Before typing the following keystroke, remember that Ctrl+Alt+F7 is your friend.  This is the keystroke to type to get back to where you are right now.  (probably your guest session) OK? Remember? Sure?

OK! Now press Ctrl+Alt+F1 to go to TTY1, which is a full screen terminal (and only a terminal: no mouse, no dash, no nothing).  Try to log in there.

It does show your user name when you type it after the login: prompt, but does not show anything when you type your password!  Oh, and you have to type Enter after you typed your user name and before it shows you the password prompt.

Now type the following commands: (assuming "user" is your old user name)

sudo adduser user2

and follow the instructions on-screen.  If you're not on a US keyboard, don't use any "special" characters like £ à ŷ ü nor any numbers unless they're from your keypad.

Now type the following commands:

sudo adduser user2 adm
sudo adduser user2 cdrom
sudo adduser user2 sudo
sudo adduser user2 dip
sudo adduser user2 plugdev
sudo adduser user2 lpadmin
sudo adduser user2 sambashare

(If any of the above gives an error like group not found, don't worry: I'm trying to be thorough)

Now, log out of the guest session and log in as "user2" and come back here to this site and "accept" the answer by clicking on the little grey check-mark below the "0" to the left of this answer, thereby accepting the answer as valid and the next person asking the same kind of question will be able to use it as well.

Done?  OK?

Now,

open the file manager
browse to the /home/user directory
copy (not move!) all the files from Downloads to /home/user2/Downloads
check you did a good job.
Now delete /home/user/Downloads
Go back to step 3 and repeat for Documents, Videos, ...

Done!


How do I customize my WACOM Tablet express keys?

In Ubuntu 18.04 the Settings->Devics->Wacom-tablet entry provides two panels chosen from the top menu bar, namely "Pen" and "Tablet-PC".

The "Tablet-PC" panel has an "Assign buttons..." button which opens a visual display of the buttons you have on your Wacom.  If you press a button, you are allowed to choose from a drop-down menu several items, one being "Assign key combination..." with a text box for the key combination.

This is what I think you are talking about.

Unfortunately, from my brief experiments, Ubuntu only allows for a key combination like Ctrl-A or Shift-K, and not just a modfier key like Ctrl or Windows.  I think this is unfortunate, as the default button binding under Windows 10 is exactly those modifier keys, but perhaps those who did that settings panel had not actually used a Wacom tablet so they wouldn't know.


How to set a specific window size and placement for all windows that open to default

I don't know if you can simply make all windows behave the same, but you can individually. We'll use Thunderbird as an example.

Make sure you have ccsm installed: Open a terminal (Press Control-Alt-T) and enter

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Open ccsm. You'll be using the Place Windows and Windows Rules plugins in the Window Management section.

First, go into Place Windows, select the Fixed Window Placement tab and Select New.

Enter the program name (class=xxxx) and set the starting X and Y coordinates. The coordinates start from the top left corner of the screen. This tells the program where to open on the screen.

Next go to the Windows Rules plugin and select the Size Rules tab and new.

Enter the program name (class=xxxx) and set the X and Y size. This tells the program what size to open the program in pixels (pixels wide x pixels high).

Now, open the program you just did this for and it should open where and how big you want it to everytime.

Note that you will have to do this for every program you want to open in a specific place and a specific size. You can also use one without the other, for instance always having a program open in a specific place but not having it's size defined.


Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS - unable to configure Wacom Intuos Comic (CTH-490)

See this bug: https://sourceforge.net/p/linuxwacom/bugs/320/ and its associated launchpad issue: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity-control-center/+bug/1575887


If a rotation interval is not specified the log will be rotated whenever you call logrotate. So you can create a cron that calls logrotate with a configuration file which runs every 2 days. The configuration file will have other settings like compression, log file location etc.

The cron will look like

logrotate --force /etc/logrotate.conf


This is a limitation of Firefox (I'm not sure why they do not allow it). Try using Chrome.


How to enable interactive mode of apt install?

apt does not ask if it is going to do what you requested only. If it’s going to install/remove more packages than you requested, then it asks.


Questions about using Regex Search & Replace in gedit

You should not need to escape your regex characters. Your first example should be:

[0-9]{2,3}

Your second example should be:

\bNote\b

For the third situation, you'll need to match things before and after, then use back-references:

(.*)([0-9]{3}.*)

with the replacement being:

\1p\2

For more details, see pydoc re that will tell you about Python regular expression syntax, or the online documentation.


How can I install Windows XP and Ubuntu 12.04 alongside each other?

The easiest and most proper way is to install Windows XP first. Then install Ubuntu, which will find the XP install and deploy the proper GRUB boot.

As for installing Windows XP from USB, the easiest way to do this is to use WinToFlash. There are about 3 other methods, but all of them are bound to fail.

Judging from your reputation and the way you formulated your question, this is all you needed to know and you're capable to do the rest yourself. If something is unclear, comment to ask for further info.


If you are using Marco as your window manager, try switching to Compiz (System > Preference > Look and Feel > MATE Tweak). You can enable window snapping in CompizConfig Settings Manager.


sudo apt-get update - 'Skipping acuire of config file 'partner/binary-*****/packages'' (18.10)

Unchecking the repositories (partner) worked.

Go to Software & Updates, tab "Other software", and uncheck the Partner repositories that, apparently, no longer exist -Jos


Realtek rtl8723e not working at Kernel 3.5

The first posting of a newer version supposedly from a Realtek technician was available at:

wget -O- http://dl.dropbox.com/u/57056576/DRIVERS/REALTEK/rtl_92ce_92se_92de_8723ae_linux_mac80211_0007.0809.2012.tar.gz

but Jan 2014 that is no longer present.  Google for the file name for other copies (The important part is the "007.0809.2012" which is a date, so ignore any with earlier dates.

Or just upgrade to 13.04 or later, those work out of the box with the 8723.


What are the implications of two drives being extended in gparted?

It is absolutely okay that there is more than 1 partition in the extended section of hard drive. You should probably read something on disk partitioning to get the idea.

There are however things to consider. For example Windows can only install on a primary partition, but as you see Linux doesn't require that, so you should be okay.


Look in your network settings, click the cog icon for your connection and at the bottom should be a checkbox for Metered connection


Aborted package installation, now synaptic and apt won't complete

run :

  sudo apt-get install --reinstall runit git-daemon-run

If this doesn't solve your problem:

Here i have already written some instructions to repair broken packages or to solve dependency problem refer this :https://askubuntu.com/a/827763/593116


It's really hard to guess because we don't know you are running command as root or regular user but probably it's a regular user which can't access the files at path:

/usr/local/MATLAB/R2014b/


Keyboard Shortcuts Not Working When Not in English in 20.04

For me, the problem occurs only if "Pointer Location" on the "Keyboard
  & Mouse" page of the gnome-tweaks utility is set. I have turned it off
  now and the left Ctrl key now works with all keyboard layouts again.

From bug report bug #1872230.


I don't know what the cause was, but I had the same issue. I could install other software, like chess. I couldn't install Atom, though.

I managed to install it from terminal, using command (in case you don't have gdebi, first type
sudo apt install gdebi-core -y
)

sudo gdebi code_XX.XXX.XXXXXXX_amd64.deb

where Xs are the version number. You have to run it from directory where you have the deb file.


Open your Virtualbox manager, select virtual machine.

Then click on USB and create an empty filter for USB devices.

They will automount.

If I correctly understood your question.


when ssh is run with a server + command argument, what startup profile runs if any?

This page has more than you probably want to know about it, but it's a great concise resource:

http://mywiki.wooledge.org/DotFiles

Basically, when you ssh to a computer, you are not running a 'login' shell, so different files are sourced.  In short, if your default shell is /bin/bash (default on Ubuntu), you will be sourcing a ~/.bashrc in your home directory.  Check the FILES section of the bash man page (man bash), near the end, for other files that come into play.

Also, make sure you are on the lookout in your .bashrc for lines that exit if not using an 'interactive' shell.  A good way to figure this stuff out is to put in prints in your .bashrc and keep experimenting until you figure it out.

Like this:

# ~/.bashrc:

echo "HERE I WAS!"

# Exit here unless an interactive session.
[ -z "$PS1" ] && return

echo "HERE I AM!"


How to turn off display on 18.04 server no gui

Update: Found a workaround

Open /etc/default/grub in your favorite editor; you will need to use sudo (for vi, nano, etc.) or gksudo (for gedit, etc.).

Then add consoleblank=0 to the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=, parameter.

e.g. yours may say:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash consoleblank=0" Then run sudo update-grub, and reboot.


Configuring Ubuntu Virtual machine network - behind proxy firewall

VirtualBox is funny sometimes about connecting to your network connection. Just make sure you are connected to the Internet and reboot or reset VirtualBox. When it boots up with a live network connection, it will recognize it and make it available to the virtual OS. No special settings are required, just one reboot.

After the reboot, you will be able to unplug and plug-in the network connection as much as you like and VirtualBox will recognize the changes just fine.


I believe mine was a bit different because it was reaching the target
    [ OK ] Reached target Shutdown.
I was forced to disable USB 3.0 in BIOS and now I can shut down normally.


xfce4 terminal changes geometry when a new tab is opened

Turns out this is an up-stream bug in xfce4-terminal: https://bugzilla.xfce.org/show_bug.cgi?id=15785


Ubuntu 13.04 installation does not detect Windows 7

I had the same problem and found that it has something to do with the disk previously having had a GUID partition table but not completely wiping it out before changing to an MBR partition table. This results in an MBR partition table with corrupt GPT signatures, which gparted chokes on.

Before doing anything it's best to backup the current MBR, in my case Windows is installed on /dev/sda:

sudo dd if=/dev/sda of=sda.mbr bs=512 count=1

To clear the GPT signatures you'll need gdisk (apt-get install gdisk):

sudo gdisk /dev/sda

Switch to expert mode:
x

To "Zap" GPT enter:
z

The selection for the first question doesn't matter (MBR or GPT), be sure not to blank out the MBR.

Once you've done this you should be able to relaunch the installer and it will detect the partitions along with windows for dual-booting.


Re: Cannot suspend or hibernate Asus desktop ubuntu 12.04

I have the same problem with a desktop pc that resumes immediately after suspend.
The only solution that worked for me is the one given by *M* in http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1969615 :

Create a script in /etc/pm/sleep.d containing :

#!/bin/bash
# Disables echi / ohci / uhci ports on suspend and reenables them on resume.
# Place this script in /etc/pm/sleep.d

function unbind_usb {
    for driver in ehci ohci uhci; do
        cd "/sys/bus/pci/drivers/${driver}_hcd";
        ids=$(ls | grep :);
        echo $ids > /tmp/DISABLED_$driver;
        for id in $ids; do
            echo "Unbinding $id";
            echo -n "$id" > unbind;
            disabled="$disabled $id";
        done;
    done;
}

function bind_usb {
    for driver in ehci ohci uhci; do
        cd "/sys/bus/pci/drivers/${driver}_hcd";
        for id in $(cat /tmp/DISABLED_$driver); do
            echo "Binding $id";
            echo -n "$id" > bind;
        done;
        rm /tmp/DISABLED_$driver;
    done;
}

case "$1" in
    hibernate|suspend)
        unbind_usb;
    ;;
    thaw|resume)
        bind_usb;
        # Uncomment the following two lines if USB devices stutter after resume
        # unbind_usb;
        # bind_usb;
    ;;
    *)
    exit 1;
    ;;
    esac;
    exit 0;

Hope this helps.

I did not find any bug filed for that. Before filing one, can anybody tell me if there is one or not ?


PowerDirector is a Windows-only program, so unless you have WINE installed, it unfortunately will not work under Ubuntu.
There are three ways we can go about this:
First Method:
You can install WINE and then try to install PowerDirector under WINE. However, it appears that (at least with version 8) it doesn't work well with WINE.
If you want to try this, I suggest looking at this very extensive answer.
Second Method:
The second option you have is installing and using an alternative to PowerDirector such as openshot , Cinelerra, or kdenlive . I personally recommend Kdenlive, however, OpenShot is a bit simpler and easier to use for basic editing.
Third Option:
The third way would be to install Windows inside of VMWare/VirtualBox. This would give you access to an actual Windows environment where PowerDirector would run natively.
However, you will get less performance out of a VM than you would previously had when you were running on Windows, as the computer is essentially running two OSes at once.
If you decide to go with this method, I suggest reading this question for a more in depth solution for installing Windows.
Have your pick of these three. I wouldn't suggest using WINE, for the reason listed, but either of the other two are fair game.

As for your second issue, you should just be able to use the included scanner software, Simple Scan, after installing the proper scanner drivers via
sudo apt-get install sane xsane xsane-common sane-utils libsane libsane-common libsane-dbg libsane-dev libsane-extras libsane-extras-common libsane-extras-dbg libsane-extras-dev

Hope this helps!


random event changes screen brightness automatically

You can try this: Brightness randomly up and down on MSI laptop

You can add the following to /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-quirks.conf:

  Section "InputClass"
  Identifier "Spooky Ghosts"
  MatchProduct "Video Bus"
  Option "Ignore" "on"
  EndSection

This basically ignores messages from the Video Bus, which seems to be sending pseudo fn+up fn+down messages randomly.

Also to add on, the brightness changing correlates to CPU voltage changes. MSI laptops seem to have a weird mobo setup, and Ubuntu may misinterpret some of the messages sent by the BIOS as brightness up/down messages

Note that this fix is not permanent, and some OS updates may overwrite 10-quirks.conf. as it is used to fix hardware bugs such as these. But if you see your screen brightness changing again, you can simply redo this step.


Default file permissions for php user www-data

You could use ACL. To set up ACL for Ubuntu 10.10, first mount the file systems with the acl option in /etc/fstab.

sudo vim /etc/fstab

UUID=xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx / ext4 defaults,acl 0 1

sudo mount -o remount,acl /

Then make a group to which a user may belong for this purpose.

sudo groupadd developers
sudo usermod -a -G developers $username

The user needs to log out and in again to become a member of the developers group.

Of course, do not do this if you have content in the /var/www directory that you want,
but just to illustrate setting it up to start:

sudo rm -rf /var/www
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/public
sudo chown -R root.developers /var/www/public
sudo chmod 0775 /var/www/public
sudo chmod g+s /var/www/public
sudo setfacl -d -m u::rwx,g::rwx,o::r-x /var/www/public

Then replace references to "/var/www" with "/var/www/public" in a config file and reload.

sudo vim /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 reload

If we wanted to restrict delete and rename from all but the user who created the file:

sudo chmod +t /var/www/public

This way, if we want to create directories for frameworks that exist outside the
Apache document root or maybe create server-writable directories, it's still easy.

Apache-writable logs directory:

sudo mkdir /var/www/logs
sudo chgrp www-data /var/www/logs
sudo chmod 0770 /var/www/logs

Apache-readable library directory:

sudo mkdir /var/www/lib
sudo chgrp www-data /var/www/lib
sudo chmod 0750 /var/www/lib


I assume the "Community Edition" is the version most people would use.
I also suggest following the installation instructions on the website, which I repeat here. This will ensure you get the right package for your architecture (amd64 or arm64).
Install GPG key:
wget -qO - https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-4.4.asc | sudo apt-key add -

Add package list:
echo "deb [ arch=amd64,arm64 ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu focal/mongodb-org/4.4 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.4.list

Update sources:
sudo apt-get update

Install MongoDB:
sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org


Why should I partition my disk for Ubuntu 14.04?

All hard drives have a partition table and one or more partitions.  When you install Windows it will also install into a partition; in fact it'll probably create the partition for you.

By default if you buy a new hard drive, it'll just have one big partition covering the whole drive.

If you want to install two different operating systems (eg Windows and Linux) on the same disk they will usually need to be in separate partitions.  This means that you need to re-partition the drive so that the first partition does not take up the whole drive, then add a second partition (or multiple partitions, if the new OS needs it).

Whenever you install any operating system it always needs to be placed into one or more partitions.  The number and arrangement of partitions you need on your disk just depends on whether there are other operating systems on the same disk, and how many partitions each operating system uses.


Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 64-bit hangs after boot

I found out what was the problem.

The generic drivers for the GPU was the problem , I had to download the correct driver from Nvidia, then install it using

$ sudo sh NVIDIA-Linux-x86-319.23.run

And install it with the GUI provided.


Is there an app which graphically logs/displays file-system I/O?

iostat -m
shows the I/O per device that has been caused since system startup.

You can combine it with watch 'iostat -m'


First:
Pay attention that after the line if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then there are two options: one if the line force_color_prompt=yes is commented and another - if it isn't. Make sure to change the right one.
Then:
You are changing the wrong place at the line. The complete line would be something like:
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '.
So the change you mean is something like:
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:::::::\w\$ '
(NOT:     PS1='${debian_chroot::::+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ ')


I do not really understand what you are looking exactly but you can find the power manager in system settings. Click the power on/off button at the top right of the screen, choose System settings -> Hardware -> Power.


Kubuntu 15.04 Can't Change Display Configuration

This is now a confirmed bug but is yet to be assigned for resolution:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/kde-config-systemd/+bug/1445395


You don't need to edit /etc/default/grub with Ubuntu MATE. To boot in console mode, this command suffices:

sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target


A loop device is a file containing a virtual file system inside another file system.
There are two common reasons you may be seeing loop
Reason One
You may see loop if you used WUBI.EXE to install Ubuntu within Windows. This creates virtual partitions in a large file within the Windows file system.
Note that WUBI does not work with computers that came pre-installed with Windows 8 or later.
Reason Two
(Thanks to @mikewhatever for pointing is out in the comments above)
The loop device also shows up when you run Ubuntu from a Live CD/USB. A virtual file system stored in the CD/USB/DVD is mounted as loop.
Reference: Wiki on Loop Device
Hope this helps


does Ubuntu installation come with wireless usb drivers?

Ubuntu comes with a great many drivers for USB devices. You can find some of them in:
ls /usr/lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/realtek/rtlwifi/

Your question may actually be, does the default ubuntu installation come with all wireless usb drivers, where the term all means the drivers for every USB wireless device including the shiny new device that just came out last week and that you bought yesterday. The answer is, probably not.
New devices are developed and released every day. The manufacturers are in a constant arms race to have a better device with more features and, often, cheaper. In almost every case, they have little or no concern for the 3% or so of Linux users and therefore don't provide a working driver. Even if they love Linux and strive to provide a working driver, what works perfectly in Ubuntu probably won't work correctly in Arch or Manjaro or Gentoo.
Even Ubuntu runs various early, mid and late kernel versions. For instance, Ubuntu 16.04.1 runs kernel version 4.4.0-xx. My fully updated Ubuntu 20.04 runs 5.4.0-xx. Any driver that compiles properly for 4.4.0-xx and it's associated gcc version, probably won't compile correctly in 5.4.0-xx.
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/Support
As a consequence, if a Linux driver is provided in the package with the shiny new USB wireless device that you bought yesterday, it undoubtedly works for some Linux distribution running some kernel but it may not be yours.
Since the drivers in the default Ubuntu installation are, for the reasons above, a year or two old, most older devices, such as my TP-Link TL-WN722N, Version 1, work perfectly. The driver and firmware are built-in to all recent, that is, not end-of-life, Ubuntu versions.
There are two problems with just buying a two or three year old device. First, they were developed before 5 gHz wireless was widespead; mine only does 2.4 gHz. As a consequence, very high speeds, such as 802.11AC or 802.11AX, will not be available.Second, it is almost impossible to find an older wireless device on the shelf at the store and almost impossible to find older USB devices at on-line marketplaces such as Amazon and many others.
Finally, Amazon is a great resource because, first, if the device is listed as available for order, then it’s currently produced and, well, available. Second, Amazon encourages customer questions and answers. You can search for USB wireless devices and, under Q&A search for Ubuntu. If you search for the device I mentioned above, you find:
“Yes works fine with Ubuntu.” and: “Also it works with Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.” and: “I bought it so I can use it on my ubuntu linux like everyone else is doing, and it worked perfectly”
You can search the Q&A for Ubuntu with any USB wireless.
Does the default ubuntu installation come with all wireless USB drivers? No. Does the default ubuntu installation come with many wireless USB drivers? Yes.
EDIT: Using tethering to your phone as @Pilot6 recommends, open a terminal and do:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install build-essential git dkms
git clone https://github.com/aircrack-ng/rtl8812au.git
cd rtl8812au
sudo ./dkms-install.sh
sudo modprobe 88XXau

Your wireless should now be working.


How to use joy2key in Ubuntu 14.04 with Binding of Isaac Linux?

I had the same issue. My pad would work with other games but not with Binding of Isaac. I finally chose to install AntiMicro to remap my pad so one stick matches asdw and the other the arrow keys.
This is not the best solution in my opinion but at least it works.
Here are the downloads of AntiMicro

https://github.com/Ryochan7/antimicro/releases

Be careful, in my case, one package was missing. I had to check dependencies using

:~$ dpkg-deb -I /path/to/antimicro_2.14-1.bpo70.1_amd64.deb

I installed the missing packages with synaptic then the antimicro .deb file

:~$ dpkg -i /path/to/antimicro_2.14-1.bpo70.1_amd64.deb

Hope it helps


Is there a terminal commands cheat sheet application?

Essentially, you're looking for this app http://www.mediaatelier.com/CheatSheet/ but for ubuntu.
I was also hoping to find something like this.


Why does gnome-terminal $TERM display xterm

It has the same reason why almost every webbrowser (FF,IE,Safari,Chrome,...) uses Mozilla in their User Agent String.

The TERM variable set to xterm only means that your terminal is compatible with the xterm terminal (has the same capabilities), so the system can treat it and communicate with it as it would with an xterm. The system has the terminfo database which stores the terminal capabilities for various terminals (/lib/terminfo directory), and in that terminfo database there is no such as gnome-terminal.

For some more info look at this answer or look up the manpages of terminfo or infocmp


Managing dependencies for GNU radio to compile from source

After searching the Internet for No package 'Qt5Qwt6' found, I found that the gnuradio issue tracker shows this issue, and a recommended solution:

  For the record -DQWT_LIBRARIES=/usr/lib/libqwt.so is needed on arch to make the gnuradion cmake script enable gr-qtgui.

Here, arch refers to ArchLinux, but that doesn't mean this solution is isolated to ArchLinux and could very well work for you.


How do I install the drivers for my  ATI 6850 graphics card?

By default Ubuntu will use the open source drivers for AMD cards. Some users prefer the third-party AMD/ATI drivers for various reasons and it's easy to install them. The easiest way to install these drivers is to either search for the "fglrx" package in the Ubuntu Software Center and install it (and then restart) or open the "Additional Drivers" application and choose to activate the AMD driver when asked (and then restart).

If you prefer to input commands in the terminal:

sudo apt-get install fglrx


How to charge my Ubuntu phone's battery off my Ubuntu laptop's battery?

Easy:

Turn on the laptop
Go to the BIOS settings (no need to fully boot the computer)
Make sure charging external devices during low power states is enabled (if the option is present)

Plug in the phone
Shut down the computer.

Now the phone will charge off the laptop's battery again!

If that doesn't work:

boot up the computer fully into Ubuntu and:

sudo apt-get install acpitool

Do a:

acpitool -w

to see the ACPI capable devices
Then do:

sudo acpitool -W iDevice

where iDevice is the device you want to switch from *disabled to *enabled


So I found my jetbrains-pycharm-ce.desktop and used gksudo

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=PyCharm Community Edition
Icon=/usr/lib/pycharm-community/bin/pycharm.png
Exec= gksudo -k -u root "/usr/lib/pycharm-community/bin/pycharm.sh" %f
Comment=The Drive to Develop
Categories=Development;IDE;
Terminal=false
StartupWMClass=jetbrains-pycharm-ce


.run files should be ran in a terminal window.  If you are double clicking them from Nautilus, there is a good chance that they are defaulting to Display which will open the gedit application and try to bring you to an edit window, but usually these type of files are so large they will overrun the buffer of gedit and cause it to hang.

To execute .run files, first open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T all at the same time.

To make the .run file executable from the terminal window, type in

chmod +x /path/to/filename.run

then to execute the file, type in

/path/to/filename.run

or if you are already in the same folder as the .run file, type in

./filename.run

Try to avoid running or double clicking on .run files from the graphical environment as much as possible.


/boot partition is NTFS on dual-boot Win7/Ubuntu 12.04 Desktop

You can't. The boot partition was most probably made by the Windows installer and is its boot partition (unless you can post some evidence to the contrary).

Anyway, there is no way to convert ntfs to ext4.


The notify-send bubble looks ugly with openbox. (yellow, black and non transparent)

Install notify patched update from this ppa, you need it to use the customization file. After that you need to create a file using gedit ~/.notify-osd & and paste the following code in to it:

slot-allocation = fixed
bubble-expire-timeout = 10sec
bubble-vertical-gap = 5px
bubble-horizontal-gap = 5px
bubble-corner-radius = 37,5%
bubble-icon-size = 30px
bubble-gauge-size = 6px
bubble-width = 240px
bubble-background-color = 131313
bubble-background-opacity = 90%
text-margin-size = 10px
text-title-size = 100%
text-title-weight = bold
text-title-color = ffffff
text-title-opacity = 100%
text-body-size = 90%
text-body-weight = normal
text-body-color = eaeaea
text-body-opacity = 100%
text-shadow-opacity = 100%

Save it and and test notify-send again. Here is the source for this information.

Also there is a GUI to configure notify-osd put toghether by the guys at webupd8.org you can check that information here.

The other option is to recompile it with your own customization settings, if you need to change those you need to recompile.


It's worth knowing that Smartgit can be installed on ubuntu - I heavily use it in Ubuntu 13.04 and 14.04 - like it was a native app (as it was installed from the Software Center).

In fact, in the same folder where you find smartgithg.sh you can find add-menuitem.sh. To install Smartgit you can run it once by doing:

cd smartgithg-4_5_5/bin
sudo ./add-menuitem.sh

After that you can find Smartgit in the unity list of programs (just type Super and write "Smartgit"), and you can add it on the launcher.

This type of installation has also the advantage that Smartgit downloads and install the last version automatically when an update comes out, so you don't need to uninstall and re-install the new version anymore.

If you want to remove Smartgit run the commands:

cd smartgithg-4_5_5/bin
sudo ./remove-menuitem.sh

and remove the folder smartgithg-4_5_5.
Hope that helps.


Ubuntu 14.04 desktop not loading after login

Just press Ctrl+Alt+T to go to a terminal and type:

sudo su
apt-get update
apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
apt-get install --reinstall unity
apt-get remove --purge nvidia*
apt-get install nvidia-current
reboot

As that solved for me...


What is the meaning of the different Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins?

The first line was added in unattended-upgrades package Version: 0.90ubuntu0.1:

  Modify data/50unattended-upgrades.Ubuntu such that the release pocket
  is
      an allowed origin so that security updates with a new dependency will be
      upgraded and the new dependency will be installed.

from:
https://www.ubuntuupdates.org/package/core/xenial/main/updates/unattended-upgrades


What is the "show desktop" keyboard shortcut?

For 11.10 and 12.10

Control-Alt-D shows the desktop for me

For 12.04 and up

Control-Super-D works for me

What are Unity's keyboard and mouse shortcuts?


Linux kernel flavours in modern releases

Ubuntu Kernel Team has a dedicated web site that links to various reports on kernel packages and versions on Ubuntu. From there, see package versions to quickly view what kernels are currently maintained on available Ubuntu releases.

List of kernel flavours prepackaged for Ubuntu:

linux that provides generic kernels (12.04+)
linux-hwe that provides Ubuntu LTS enablement stack
linux-hwe-edge has kernels newer than linux-hwe
linux-kvm that provides kernels for virtual systems (16.04+)
linux-aws that provides kernels for Amazon Web Services (14.04+)
linux-aws-edge has kernels newer than linux-aws (16.04+)
linux-aws-hwe may provide kernels newer than linux-aws-edge
linux-azure that provides kernels for Azure systems (14.04+)
linux-euclid that provides kernels for Intel Euclid systems (16.04)
linux-gcp that provides kernels for Google Cloud Platform (16.04+)
linux-gcp-edge may provide kernels newer than linux-gcp (18.04)
linux-oem that provides kernels for OEM systems including Dell, Lenovo, Acer, etc. (16.04+)
linux-oem-osp1 has kernels newer than linux-oem (18.04+)
linux-oracle that provides kernels for Oracle systems (16.04+)
linux-oracle-edge has kernels newer than linux-oracle (no release yet)
linux-raspi2 that provides kernels for the BCM2709 architecture (16.04+)
linux-snapdragon that provides kernels for the Qualcomm Snapdragon 410c architecture (16.04+)

What have been listed here excludes some meta and transitional packages that are not found in the package versions, but otherwise found in the Ubuntu Packages Search. Each description has been adapted from the Ubuntu packages or alternatively description from the apt-cache show <package> command.

  So, how do I choose?

Admittedly, there is no definite guide for choosing which kernels to use case by case.

End-users usually do not need to choose a different Linux kernel, for example, when installing Ubuntu Desktop in a virtual machine--it will just work. If the provided download images do not fulfill the needs, and instead user had to decide which kernels to use, then most likely the user needs to ask whomever that provides the service to run Ubuntu. They should have the answer.

  What is the difference in the first place?

In one word: Optimization.

End-users usually do not go as far to find out what things are optimized for each and every kernels prepackaged for Ubuntu. There is no easy way to know what is the difference in the first place, unless the documentation was done properly. There is one place to find out: Changelog.

The changelogs are specific to each package and the currently supported releases. For example, the changelog for linux in bionic has noted more changes related to optimization for various platforms in general, whilst the changelog for linux-kvm in bionic has noted more changes related to the containers (OS-level virtualization).

TL;DR End-users do not need to choose and instead use whichever kernels included in the Ubuntu images. Else, look for someone with the knowledge--the service provider or whomever that is.


No secondary button (right click) on touchpad

Basically, Ubuntu 18.04 currently defaults to "Mac" behavior on the touchpad.  The technical details are that Ubuntu defaults libinput touchpads to "clickfingers" behavior.

To revert that, run this in a terminal:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.touchpad click-method areas

Another option (thanks OP) is to install gnome-tweak-tool (either through your software manager or through sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool in the terminal). Navigate to the “Keyboard & Mouse” sub-menu in the left menu of gnome-tweak-tool, and select “Areas” from the touchpad’s “Mouse Click Emulation” options in the right side panel, as shown in the red box in the image below:

[Warning: This fix is for the libinput driver that ships as the default input driver for Ubuntu 18.04.  YMMV if you've installed the (different) synaptics driver before trying this fix.]


Chmod 777 all the cgi files getting uploaded

Use ACLs:

setfacl -dm "u:www-data:rwx" /path/to/dir

Now www-data has access to this directory, also files created by www-data will inherit its permissions.

based on how your web server has been configured you might want to do this using www-data group:

setfacl -dm "g:www-data:rwx" /path/to/dir


How can I cause a script to log in a separate file the number of times it has been executed?

I assume you want to have a single file countfile that only contains one single number representing the execution counter.

You can read this counter into a shell variable $counter e.g. using one of these lines:

read counter < countfile

counter=$(cat countfile)

Simple integer additions can be done in Bash itself using the $(( EXPRESSION )) syntax. Then simply write the result back to our countfile:

echo "$(( counter + 1 ))" > countfile

You should probably also safeguard your script for the case that countfile doesn't exist yet and create one initialized with the value 1 then.

The whole thing might look like this:

#!/bin/bash
if [[ -f countfile ]] ; then
    read counter < countfile
else
    counter=0
fi
echo "$(( counter + 1 ))" > countfile


when you do a fresh install, there are two ways of using custom partitioning. if you simply say install ubuntu and pull the slider, it slices the ntfs partition of your system. the ext4 partition remains unaltered.

the second way of doing it is choosing something else and then in the next step, your partitioning scheme will be visible. you have to select the partition for installing linux and click change in the bottom. choose the type of file system(in your case ext4) and select mount point as / . (/) is the root partition which means your ubuntu is installed there. you can add swap as well as seperate home partiion basing on your intentions and proceed with the installation.


How can I get the power indicator to show battery percentage based on the maximum capacity?

Okay, I've built my own.

Thanks to the handy links from Terrance, I've built a small python script that solves this issue, and hosted it on Github:

Project Page


Not sure if this will help too much, but I've found that if you go through the system testing program (I think that's what it's called, anyways it has a thumbnail of a monitor with a green image, just search for it under installed programs) it will sometimes fix things like that.  If you want you can just skip all the tests except for the media key tests, but I find that the other tests are still helpful.  You can also try googling for changing fn key values, I know a lot of keyboards have the option to reverse the F keys and the funtion buttons, so that for F1 you would need to press Fn + F1 for example, and the media key that would normally require Fn would do it without it.  Hope I helped you a little bit at least.


Connecting to Ubuntu machines with direct ethernet (one Lubuntu) not working

I managed to get the two pinging by turning off the firewall using:

 sudo ufw disable

Nothing else in any help forums helped. Still can't share my wireless internet connection via the ethernet connection. Next step I guess.


Through chat, we discovered that all but one site config had ssl_protocols TLSv1; in their configurations. Just one had ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; in the site config. We removed them all, and had /etc/nginx/nginx.conf defined with ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; which appears to have solved their issues.


OpenGL 4.x support on Ubuntu 18.04.2 using Intel UHD 620

you have the graphical hw stack on your system.

  xserver-xorg-input-all-hwe-18.04 xserver-xorg-input-libinput-hwe-18.04

sudo apt update

Simulation first. sudo apt-get -s install --install-recommends  xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-input-all libwayland-egl1-mesa ` Look for conflicts.

then you can istall it.

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends  xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-input-all libwayland-egl1-mesa


Gnome app windows not showing on Ubuntu 16.04

I am afraid you did some unsupported actions on your system. While a technical expert may salvage such mistakes, the easiest approach to revert to a correctly working system will be to reinstall your system.


How to change touch screen functionality from a relative to an absolute pointing device?

This is the site of the wacom linux open source drivers:

http://sourceforge.net/apps/mediawiki/linuxwacom/index.php?title=Main_Page

The following page describes a set of commands that can change teh configuration of the tablet during runtime:

http://sourceforge.net/apps/mediawiki/linuxwacom/index.php?title=Tablet_Configuration

my guess is that the command you need is:

xsetwacom set "device name" Mode Absolute

where "device name" should be replaced by the name of the tablet, obtained by

xsetwacom --list devices

make sure you use the name that includes "touch" in it e.g.
"Wacom BambooFun 2FG 4x5 Finger touch"

then the command would be

xsetwacom set "Wacom BambooFun 2FG 4x5 Finger touch" Mode Absolute


Launcher is not showing properly on full screen in Ubuntu 16.04

Click on the maximize button on the Upper Left Corner to spread/maximize it to full screen.


Steam client not launching in Xubuntu recently upgraded to Disco Dingo from Cosmic Cuttlefish

It's probably already running under that user. Perhaps Big-Picture mode minimized on a different workspace?

ps wx | grep steam should show you any running instances:


WiFi isn't working in new installation of Ubuntu

All you need to do is Open a terminal by pressing Ctrl + Alt + T and run:

gksu gedit /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

At the bottom of this file, copy and paste the following:

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

final result will look like this

[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile

[ifupdown]
managed=false

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

Then just save and close the file and run:

sudo service network-manager restart

And wifi should work again!


How to increase root allocation, when next partition is /home Ubuntu18.04

You have 2 options:

1) Archive your /dev/sda4 NTFS partition data somewhere else, delete /dev/sda4, resize your Extended /dev/sda3 to take up all empty space, move your /home (/dev/sda7) to the back, and finally resize your root /dev/sda6 as needed. Do not move root /dev/sda6, only resize it from its end boundaries.

2) Shrink your /home (/dev/sda7), then resize root /dev/sda6 from its end boundaries.

Better use a live CD to do either.