How to permanently set a custom resolution?

You can use a GUI frontend to Xrandr, for example ARandR.

ARandR is designed to provide a simple visual front end for XRandR. Relative monitor positions are shown graphically and can be changed in a drag-and-drop way.

Quoted From http://christian.amsuess.com/tools/arandr/:

  Features: Saving configurations as executable shell scripts
  (configurations can be loaded without using this program)

After choosing your suitable configuration Then apply the new configuration by pressing Ctrl+Enter

To install it in Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install arandr

Now your configuration will be stored and loaded within the startup


Please do:

sudo apt-get install libnl-3-dev libnl-genl-3-dev
make clean
make

iw-3.11 then 'makes' without error or warning for me in Ubuntu 13.10.


Copying from local in Hadoop not working

The target directory does not exist in HDFS. Create it using:

hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /home/hadoopuser

where the -p option is to create parent directories as needed.

Also, I think you missed / in your local input path. It must be /usr/local/tmp/gutenberg instead of usr/local/tmp/gutenberg


How to Extend Home Partiiton Size and With Some space from Root Partition

You must handle it in two steps:
1. reduce some space at the left side from /dev/sda7.  This space will be "unallocated"
2. increase your /dev/sda6 with this unallocated space.

Note: this will take a while, espescially the first step.


How to reset Ubuntu's Keyboard Media Short Cut back to Default

The shortcut setting are stored/saved on org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys

Install Dconf editor
Launch dconf Editor
Navigate to org > gnome > settings-daemon > plugins > media-keys

The entry that involving media shortcut is:

XF86Audiomedia
XF86Audionext
XF86AudioPlay
XF86AudioPause
XF86AudioPrev
XF86AudioLowerVolume
XF86AudioMute
XF86AudioRaiseVolume

Select desired entry, then press "Set to Default" button to reset each entry.


First install ruby using below command

sudo apt-get install ruby-full build-essential

So if you want to have RubyOnRails running on apache, make sure you have installed these.

sudo apt-get install apache2 apache2-mpm-prefork apache2-prefork-dev


Yes you can do that.

You need to edit the /etc/default/grub file by typing gksu gedit /etc/default/grub

Then reduce the Timeout value to 0. Save and close. Then run sudo update-grub in a terminal.


How to check whether Ubuntu uses my graphics card?

Run terminal and fire up

lspci | grep VGA

You will see a line describing your video card adapter.
And run

man lspci

to see the manual on utility, it might help you alot in the future


If you are able to boot to your 100 GB installation, which you have already verified by saying you're satisfied with it. Just load Gparted from the repository and remove the 15 GB partition.

If you have data saved on the 15 GB partition back it up.

You don't uninstall Ubuntu (per se), you just delete the unwanted partitions and allocate the space as you see fit.

You can add the unallocated 15 GB to your 100 GB partition by booting to the Live Ubuntu Media and run Gparted from there.  It's already installed on the Live Ubuntu install disk.

Resize your 100 GB partition to include the extra space.  When Gparted finishes, it will automatically retain the same UUID for the 100 GB partition, which the already installed working grub will see.  It's continue to boot to the working Partition.

After you finish the Gparted maintenance, run this command to remove the residue of the previous install (the menu items relating to it in the Grub menu):

$ sudo update-grub


Libre Office shows Garamond but font manager doesn't

You can find the answer to your problem in this link. You should check what is the default font that is used in case of a missing font. Then change your text to use that font. If nothing changes, it means Garamond is not installed on your machine. If it does change, then what you were seeing is Garamond.

Edited: Thanks to muru

Apparently, Garamond font is not free. So, most probably you don't have the font on your system. Note, that the substitution is done by LibreOffice and not the Ubuntu itself.

In LibreOffice go to Tools > Options ..., select the section Fonts. You should be able to see what font is being used in case a font is not found.


Monodevelop MVC Development Adding a View

Yes it is fixed, but not in Ubuntu packages. It seems 13.04 has the same version of MonoDevelop as 12.10, so it should be still broken. You can try to submit a bug report and see if they update the package to a newer version.
The only workaround I know is to install a newer version of MonoDevelop. To do this, you can either use a PPA or build it yourself.

Using a PPA

A quick search returned this PPA. It provides the latest build of MonoDevelop, so if someone commits some change in the source code, those packages should be rebuilt and updated.

I have not used it, so I can't tell you how stable it is. Also as it offers MonoDevelop 4, during installation your mono runtime should be upgraded as well.

So, if using a PPA is an option and you want to have the latest and greatest MonoDevelop:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:keks9n/monodevelop-latest
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install monodevelop-latest

Building MonoDevelop by yourself

To build MonoDevelop, you need first to clone their git repo and required modules:

git clone git://github.com/mono/monodevelop.git
cd monodevelop
git submodule init
git submodule update

After that you need to checkout the version you want. I only tried 3.1, but you can select a newer version:

git checkout monodevelop-3.1-series

Next, you need to install the build dependencies. You may want to take note of what will be installed, in case you want to remove them after compilation.

sudo apt-get build-dep monodevelop

Finally, you need to compile it as usual:

./configure --prefix=/usr/local --profile=stable
make -j 4
sudo make install

Note: if you want you can replace make install with checkinstall: instead of copying the files to your root filesystem it will create a debian package (which is a lot easier to (un)install) and install it.

sudo checkinstall --pkgname=monodevelop-mygitbuild

Using this if you later need to remove it you just do a sudo apt-get remove monodevelop-mygitbuild.

At the end, you can run your build of MonoDevelop in a terminal with /usr/local/bin/monodevelop. If everything works fine you can create a launcher (you can use /usr/share/applications/monodevelop.desktop as base).


Ubuntu laptop does not sleeps & auto entry of characters in terminal

For what it's worth, I had this problem on a Dell Latitude 5450 running Ubuntu  14.04 even with no console other user app running before the suspend.

I had it configured to not require my password on wake so I could return to my work without further ado.

I discovered that if I logged out then right back in before suspending, it would start staying suspended.  Would continue to stay suspended for a few days before redeveloping the spontaneous wakeups.

Haven't had this problem yet with 16.04 but have only been using it two days.


You'll need to add something like this to your /etc/networking/interfaces file:

auto br0                   #Creates the bridge
iface br0 inet dhcp        #Tells bridge to do dhcp
bridge_ports wlanX ethY    #Ties bridge between two ports

You'll need to find the correct X and Y by using ifconfig and iwconfig.

source


I assume you mean the one that offers a debian package for a LAMP stack and NOT dotdeb.com (that offers debian installer files for loads of software).

According to their website (dotdeb.org) ...

Dotdeb supports :

Debian 8.x “Jessie“,
Debian 7.x “Wheezy” and Debian 6.x “Squeeze“
both amd64 and i386 architectures

And the apt line for a Dutch server should be ...

deb http://mirror.nl.leaseweb.net/dotdeb/ stable all
deb-src http://mirror.nl.leaseweb.net/dotdeb/ stable all

I would suggest changing your lines to the one above.

And to anyone wanting to do the same please do read: https://serverfault.com/questions/279826/debian-and-dotdeb-packages


This might be trivial

To make sure, install again gnome-shell from a terminal:

  sudo apt-get install gnome-shell

Log out your session or restart your computer.
Now, select the Gnome-shell session at the login screen. Otherwise it will start your default session, which in this case might be classic Gnome. Check this image for reference.


Computer can not enter suspend mode, freezes instead (ubuntu 18)

After formatting and setting a bigger swap, the problem is solved. I used the same size as my RAM, 16G.


Just to be clear, the note 3 is not a galaxy nexus, even if it is by the same manufacturer. It would not be a full installation unless you have a way to dock it, in which case you would just use "ubuntu for android" which does not depend on model or manufacturer. If you are talking about ubuntu touch, you have to check for support, which is something that I do not see. A better place to check for a custom support version would be xda-developers.com


Automatically select a different keyboard layout for a YubiKey

You can automate this with udev, there should be sample scripts available in the internet; in the end, you will be calling setxkbmap -device $n en where n is the device ID of your secondary keyboard which will probably be a symlink around /dev/input/by-id/.

Hoping this helps.


Why does "uname -o" return GNU/Linux instead of Ubuntu?

Ubuntu is a GNU/Linux distribution.
man uname tells me the -o options report

   -o, --operating-system
          print the operating system

To me that is a valid answer, Ubuntu shows instead who packaged up the GNU/Linux operating system you are using.
I'd usually use lsb_release -a to view details about what GNU/Linux I'm using, for my system I get
guiverc@d960-ubu2:~$    lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu Groovy Gorilla (development branch)
Release:        20.10
Codename:       groovy


I solved the problem by pressing Shift+Alt+M.


If the disk has been only repartitioned you'll be able to recover the original partition layout using a tool called Testdisk
If the disk format has already begun when you interrupted the installer, then probably you lost some data.


Is it safe to install Ubuntu 12.04 alongside windows 7?

It depends on what do you call "safe"?

There is a risk of data loss if power supply fails during partitioning of the HDD.

There is also a risk that the person who installs Ubuntu removes a wrong partition or incorrectly understands what disk is. That it is not like "Disk D" in Windows. It is a physical disk.

There are lots of things that an inexperienced user can do wrong.

That is why it is always recommended to backup your important data first.

But if you do everything carefully, read manuals first, it can be pretty safe.

You can read this answer for directions.


Depending on what file system you are using for the mounted partition you can use the mount options gid=XX,uid=XXXX (group-id and user-id) - see man mount for more information on what file systems support them. Users are listed in /etc/passwd while groups are listed in /etc/group. For your user, you can use the id command. You can then set the umask-like options to set file permissions.

Here is an example of using them in /etc/fstab:

UUID=<xxxxx> /media/win ntfs rw,auto,nls=utf8,umask=077,gid=46,uid=1000    0   0

And here the same as a mount command:

sudo mount -U <xxxx> -t ntfs -o rw,auto,nls=utf8,umask=077,gid=46,uuid=100 /media/win

File systems that don't have gid and uid as an option, usually can have their rights set in the normal way after you mounted the partitionm i.e. recursively for all files with chmod go-rwx -R /media/mountpoint (or what ever other mountpoint suits your fancy).


What is the minimal amount of RAM to built an 3.11.0 x86_64 kernel on 13.10 with 8 cores?

768MB of RAM was enough to compile the 3.11.0 kernel where ARCH=x86_64.

Note that 640MB was not enough.

In this case the .config file was modified to localmodconfig and later on some options were disabled and others enabled. The resulting .config file size is 86458 bytes.


When I see this message, indicating that there are no running guests, my machine actually does shut down.  I found this thread because the opposite is happening: if I still have a VM running, then my host won't shutdown as somehow libvirt cannot shutdown the running VM('s).

libvirt-guests.sh: Waiting for guest xxx to shut down, 300 seconds left

This never succeeds and I'm forced to hard poweroff my laptop as well..

I've seen some hints and launchpad bug reports about the format of the guests list having unexpected newlines in it's output, causing the shutdown call to fail.

I'm not sure how this can help you, I just wanted to share this..

Kind regards,


Is there a way to refuse a dhcp response from a specific ip?

According to the dhclient.conf manpage, it should be possible to do what you want by adding a reject directive to the /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf file

   reject cidr-ip-address [, ... cidr-ip-address ] ;

   The reject statement causes the  DHCP  client  to  reject  offers  from
   servers  whose  server identifier matches any of the specified hosts or
   subnets.  This can be used to avoid being configured by rogue  or  mis‐
   configured  dhcp  servers, although it should be a last resort - better
   to track down the bad DHCP server and fix it.
   .
   .
   .
   reject 192.168.0.0/16, 10.0.0.5;

The above example would cause offers from any server identifier in the  entire
RFC  1918  "Class  C"  network  192.168.0.0/16, or the specific single address
10.0.0.5, to be rejected.

Note the comment in the manpage though - better to track down the bad DHCP server and fix it.


error found while checking files before installing from usb stick

Help to find what is wrong
When you have verified the iso file with md5sum, you can be sure that it is correctly downloaded.
Using the Ubuntu Startup Disk Creator should be very reliable because it is a cloning method. So it is strange, that you get an error when verifying one file. (It does not happen for me when booting into the same Ubuntu desktop 20.04.1 LTS when cloned.)
Method to identify the failing file:

Boot into a live session 'Try Ubuntu' from the USB boot drive.

Run the following commands (you can copy and paste from this window to a terminal window),
cd /cdrom
md5sum -c md5sum.txt | grep -v 'OK$'

Check if there is some error.

Edit your question to tell us which file causes an error output.

Edit:
Conclusion
I ask again: Did you really check when running your Ubuntu 18.04 LTS laptop, that the checksum of the new iso file is correct? I suggest that you check again, when in the directory of the iso file,
<<<'b45165ed3cd437b9ffad02a2aad22a4ddc69162470e2622982889ce5826f6e3d *ubuntu-20.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso' sha256sum -c

See details at releases.ubuntu.com/20.04.1/

When I tried installing again, it found an error in one file again. I
installed ubuntu without problems, but before I set everything up, I'd
like to know whether I should go through the whole process again and
if so, how I can fix the error in the file.
ETA following the instructions in the answer below I found that the
non matching file is ./boot/grub/efi.img

This file is part of the boot system of the live drive.
If the checksum above is correct and your installed system boots as it should boot, I think that there is nothing to worry about.
Call for second opinion
It is possible that the efi image file was modified during the boot due to some security action related to checking for the boothole bug. But I don't know the details, so if someone who reads this thinks there is a risk, please blow the whistle.


you need to add NameVirtualHost while doing virtual hosting

NameVirtualHost 1.1.1.1:443
<VirtualHost 1.1.1.1:443>
# ...
</VirtualHost>

if you want to receive requests on all interfaces, you can use an argument of *:443

you can take help from Apache Documentation.

add like:

Listen 80
Listen 443

NameVirtualHost 1.1.1.1:80
NameVirtualHost 1.1.1.1:443

<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
        ServerName domain1.com
.......
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 1.1.1.1:443>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
        ServerName domain1.com
.......
</VirtualHost>

 <VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
        ServerName domain2.com
.......
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 1.1.1.1:443>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
        ServerName domain2.com
.......
</VirtualHost>


I don't think so. XKB provides a few more options; you can view them by running this command:

cat /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev.lst | grep compose

But Left Alt is not one of them.

Edit:

There may be a xmodmap way to fix it; please see DK Bose's comments.


How to access previous ubuntu wubi installation

Here's what you can do:

Install Ubuntu via Wubi on your main partition.
Find the Ubuntu install in Program Files or Program Files (x86) on the installation Wubi was installed on before reading this
Copy the root (/) directory and all its contents to your new Wubi install.
Profit!

Alternatively, you can mount the partition with Wubi in it and make a shortcut to its launcher on the old partition.


Hard-drive fails to boot if suspend was activated prior to restarting. Booting a live USB/CD fixes the issue (temporarily)

EDIT: It seems like there is no error with Grub so this answer is not applicable. Sorry. @Web-E seems to be on the right track.

Boot from the live CD. Open the terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update

Press Enter - Then type:

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Then open boot repair. Perform recommended repairs. If that does not fix it then paste the link here for the boot summary.


Ubuntu 20.04 LTS host “VBoxClient: The virtualbox kernel service is not running” after logging into Ubuntu

Solved it.
Did some research online.
I went to my /opt folder and found a folder within for VBoxGuestAdditions.
In that folder I found an uninstall script.
I ran that script.
After rebooting, no more error message.
Done!


Error Message on Ubuntu Software Center "There isn't a software package called "corebreach" in your current software sources."

get the game here: https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/search/oneiric/?q=corebreach


Managing multiple sound cards in Kubuntu - more reliable way than KDE phonon GUI?

You can do this with pavucontrol . It is a GTK application, but don't worry, it works just fine in KDE. In combination with paman , it can be a very versatile controller for Pulseaudio.

I use it for choosing where to record/play through, etc.

Unfortunately, at this time I only have a single card to test on (and no HDMI devices), so a setup similar to yours, I can't test.

You can also try veromix , which can be used to move streams between devices, add effects, and more.


Ubuntu 18.04 doesn't wake up after suspension - Lenovo Y540 with NVIDIA RTX 2060

I had this driver problem 1 year ago.

As per https://www.geforce.com/drivers. Version: 440.36 is the recent stable and recommended driver avalible for NVIDIA RTX 2060.

Recent packages are avalible in graphics-drivers/ppa

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-440

If problem continues, then try switch to nvidia-dkms-440

sudo apt install dkms nvidia-dkms-440

For me nvidia-dkms-440 working well for 940mx. This should solve your problem.


Did you try whereis command?

Syntax is $whereis 'software name u r looking for'

Here's an example :

$ whereis unity
unity: /usr/bin/unity /usr/lib/unity /usr/share/unity /usr/share/man/man1/unity.1.gz


What is a stanza in Linux context and where does the world come from?

A stanza is a piece of a configuration file, for example:

    # Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
    # error, crit, alert, emerg.
    # It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
    # modules, e.g.
    #LogLevel info ssl:warn

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

This is a stanza from the Apache sites-available configuration file that controls logging, located in /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf when you have Apache installed.

The origin may be googled, this is what I had found.


You can update the uuids with

sudo update-usbids

then you will see the correct names for the device. If not sure use

watch -d lsusb

and plug in and out the device to find out which is the correct one.

Then google for the id of the device, for example "2109:0812" and get the correct driver


Copying certain amount of files to multiple directory

There are likely more elegant ways to do this. But this works
files_per_dir=100
file_count=$(ls -1 ABC* | wc -l)
dir_count=$((file_count / files_per_dir))
echo $dir_count
dir_count1=$(expr $dir_count + 1)
echo $dir_count1

for idir in $(seq 1 ${dir_count1}) ; do
  file_list=$(find . -maxdepth 1 -type f | grep -v au_ | head -${files_per_dir} | tr '\r\n' ' ')
  echo $file_list
  mkdir $idir
  mv $file_list $idir
done

Notes:

I used grep -v au_ in the pipe to avoid my bash script (named au_...) being moved. You might need a different string, or not need it at all.
The seq loop replaces your while loop.
ls -1 ABC* | wc -l can be replaced with ls ABC* | wc -w.


atlas lib symlink stuck in master-slave deadlock

I fixed my own master-slave deadlock, and here is the magic line,

sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq libatlas3gf-base

after that i issued 'sudo apt-get -f install' no more complaint was seen.

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

NOTE : In a separate post (http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=947124) someone suggested

"sudo dpkg --remove -force --force-remove-reinstreq package name"

The '-force' is really not needed.


Ubuntu freezes on boot after a while of installation

The problem sounds like a hardware issue to me. I would suggest changing your hard disk (the most likely candidate for failure) and then installing Ubuntu. If that did not work consider changing your computer. I know it is a drastic but trying to diagnose whether the motherboard, memory or something else is failing is tricky and usually not worth the effort.


avconv incorrect length when splitting video

I used -t as an ending time instead of a duration.

The correct way to use -t is to specify how long should the output video be, in other words in this case the value in the parameter -ss needs to be substituted.


Why is my machine not showing anything when booting?

I used GRUB to edit the boot configuration. Appending nomodeset to the end of the main Ubuntu boot configuration so that it looked like this:

linux /vmlinuz-3.0.0-12-generic-pae root=UUID=<another long hex value> ro nomodeset

...did the trick!


Context view video applet

http://amarok.kde.org/fr/node/502

  Submitted on Mai 28, 2008

  ...a video applet for Amarok 2, allowing you to view music videos
  directly in Amarok's new context view.

http://amarok.kde.org/releases/2.6

  on August 13, 2012

  Since 2.5

  Remove context view video applet. Unmaintained and broken. (BR 242793)

http://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=242793

  2012-05-08

  Remove context view video applet

  Unmaintained and broken for quite some time.


How do I record high-resolution (HD 1080p) video?

Try guvcview:
http://guvcview.sourceforge.net/

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:pj-assis/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install guvcview


How can i fix this error ? [overwrite/libgstreamer]

This seems to be a bug. There are two immediate choices, but there may be fallouts, so use them with care.

Force overwrite

If using apt-get:--
sudo apt-get -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-overwrite" install <name of the packge>

Using dpkg:--
sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite <deb package>

Remove libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0:amd64 1.10.4-1ubuntu1 and then try installing wine.


Is this normal? I'm very new to the concept of public/private keys and rapid anthentication but I thought that I should never share my private key? So why is Git asking for it?

You should never share your private key. However, what these applications want you to do is unlock your private key locally, not send it to a different computer.

  If I need to give it, is Git asking for my Git password or my key password (a password I would have set up when making my public/private keys)

There is no git password. You probably mean your GitHub password.

You could log in via the username and password of your GitHub account. However, using public key authentication is easier and better. When you created your key pair, you chose a password. This is the password you need to enter. You'll probably only have to do this once per session because your SSH agent will store it for you. If you're prompted for it repeatedly in the same session (a session being the time between when you log into your computer and when you log out), you should add your key pair to your SSH agent:

ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa


Is it possible to use the GNOME 3 shell in Ubuntu 15.10 without reinstalling Ubuntu?

This question is ambiguous.

Do you want to:

Install GNOME 3?:

Install the gnome-shell, gnome-core (may be installed already) and gnome-applets packages.

If you want full GNOME, install the gnome package.

Logout, and when you see the login screen, click on the Ubuntu logo next to your username and select GNOME 3.

  It said to click on the logo to bring up different theme options but when I did nothing happened

Nothing happened because there was no other desktop installed. Now there is.

Install Adwaita, the default GNOME 3 theme?:

Install the gnome-themes-standard package, then select 'Adwaita' in Settings.


As you say that it works, I've converted my comment into an answer:

Run the following command AFTER unplugging the flash drive. (I say this only to be sure)

sudo rm -r /media/mitchell/KINGSTON


Had the same problem on mine.
Mac air 6.2 (mid2013) Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

Specs: (lspci -vnn | grep -i net)

03:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Corporation BCM4360 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter [14e4:43a0] (rev 03)

The broadcom drivers don't work for that wireless adaptor.

I solved the problem by installing the wl driver. And disabling some other modules

Get the driver package (with ethernet)

vim /etc/apt/sources.list

add this lines:

# Debian 7 "Wheezy"
deb http://http.debian.net/debian/ wheezy main contrib non-free

and save the file

or simply execute:

apt-add-repository -y "deb http://http.debian.net/debian/ wheezy main contrib non-free"

then, get the new packages:

apt-get update
apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r|sed 's,[^-]*-[^-]*-,,') broadcom-sta-dkms

Or without ethernet

You will have to compile it from Source.
Unload conflicting drivers

modprobe -r b44 b43 b43legacy ssb brcmsmac

Load wl module

modprobe wl

Worked for me after hours of looking for the answer.

Based on this answer:
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/175810/how-to-install-broadcom-bcm4360-on-debian-on-macbook-pro


How to force apt to give you a "Do you want to continue? [Y/n]" for every install

A simple solution would be to make a script that checks first and then launches. For example:

 #!/usr/bin/env bash

## Do a test run of the apt-get command, printing the relevant details
sudo apt-get -s install "$@" |
  perl -ne '$a=1 if /Reading state information/; if($a==1 && /:$/ || /^\s/){print}'

read -p "Do you want to continue? [YN] " response

[[ $response =~ ^[Yy] ]] && sudo apt-get install "$@"

If you save that script somewhere in your path, for example as ~/bin/apt-nanny and make it executable (chmod +x ~/bin/apt-nanny), you can use it to install packages (using nedit as an example):

$ apt-nanny nedit
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  liblightdm-gobject-1-0 lightdm-gtk-greeter
The following extra packages will be installed:
  libmotif-common libmrm4 libuil4 libxm4
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libmotif-common libmrm4 libuil4 libxm4 nedit
Do you want to continue? [YN]

If you enter y or Y, the script will continue and install the packages.

CAVEATS:

The script will show you the same information twice in cases where you would have been asked for confirmation anyway.
I haven't tested this extensively, there may be cases whjere more/less information than you need will be shown.
It's ugly and runs apt-get twice.


I finally build a python script to do it. (Tested on python 3.8 on ubuntu 20.04 with gnome).
Script
import pyautogui
import pyperclip
import tkinter as tk
import sys
import time

# Abbrevations (you can add any abbreviation you want)
abbreviations = {
    "@m": "myemail@mail.com"
}

# Global var containing the abbreviation key
input = ""

# Binding functions
def onKeyPress(event):
    global input
    input = input + event.char
    if input in abbreviations:
        root.destroy()

def close(event):
    root.destroy()
    exit(0)

# Create a very small tkinter window
root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry('0x0')  # key binding doesn't work with root.withdraw(), instead I used a 0*0 window
root.bind('<KeyPress>', onKeyPress)  # catch keys and add them to input string
root.bind('<Escape>', close)  # close tkinter on escape and end this script
root.mainloop()

# Check if the program ends with an existing abbreviation key
if not input in abbreviations:
    exit(0)

time.sleep(0.25)  # Give time to re-trigger the current window

# Paste the given string in the current window
pyperclip.copy(abbreviations[input])
pyautogui.hotkey("ctrl", "v")

Requirements
You need to install pyautogui from pip and tkinter with sudo apt-get install python-tks.
Make it easy to use
Make this script executable: chmod +x myscript.py. Then you can add a gnome keyboard shortcut (let's say alt+m) executing your script (/path/to/myscript.py).
Usage
Now you can now, press alt+m which runs the script. If you enter a bad command or changed your mind, press escape. Else you can press @m, the script will add myemail@mail.com to your clipboard and paste it into your current window.
Notes
This example is using the character @ which is hard to print with pyautogui. That's why I'm using pyperclip (see here and there). For very simple use cases you can use pyautogui.typewrite(abbrevations[input]) instead of the two latest script's lines.


Go to LVM with an already non-LVM disk, how to?

Yes, you can. You can even put your swap space and /boot files on the LVM so you will have two logical volumes: one for the swap space and the other for /.


There's a longish article at How to install Dell 2150cdn on Ubuntu, but it seems more like something written for an internal user at a corporation.  However, they did seem to get your printer running, so there's hope!


terminal will not load, cant run any commands just blinks can't type

Partial answer...

From the comments...

User is having problem with various applications not running correctly.

We created a new, temporary "guest" account, logged in there, and the applications are working there. There's something wrong in the original user's account.

We've eliminated the .local and .config folders as suspect. We're doing more testing now...


Installing drivers for "BT-930 BusLogic flashpoint LT", Ubuntu 12.04

The driver sources you have downloaded are very old and won't compile for your current Linux Kernel you are running. The source mentions 2.0 series Linux kernel, these were modern about 10 - 15 years ago.

I don't think it is possible to get this controller up and running with Ubuntu. Google gave me this: http://www.tomshardware.com/answers/id-1819571/linux-buslogic-930-flashpoint-scsi-card.html

Edit Summarizing from the other "answers".

This seems to be the SCSI-Controler originally sold with the Iomega JAZ-Drive. So I guess what you are really after is trying to make this old hardware work again.

If this was my own JAZ drive I'd try to make it run with another more recent SCSI-Controller.

But seeing you need some serious hand-holding doing this I strongly suggest to go to your next local Linux User Group if you bring them your equipment and ask nicely they will give it a whirl and try their best to make it work...

I can tell from experience. I run my own LUG where I live ;-)

Also, please don't get mad when(or if) the mods are going to delete your other "answers" it's the way askubuntu.com works.


source is a bash-ism (or zsh-ism for that matter) whereas cron uses sh (dash) by default as the shell of choice.

So you need to use . instead of source to remain POSIX:

. "$HOME"/.zshrc

Or you can change the shell to any shell you want by using the SHELL variable of crontab e.g.:

SHELL=/usr/bin/zsh

You need to put this near the top of crontab, before any command entry.

Following your example:

SHELL=/usr/bin/zsh

*/1 * * * * echo "1" > $HOME/cron && source $HOME/.zshrc && echo "2" >> $HOME/cron2 && source /home/alux/gitHub/rememberMe/.venv/bin/activate && echo "3" >> $HOME/cron && python /home/alux/gitHub/rememberMe/rememberMe/manage.py runcrons > /home/alux/gitHub/rememberMe/rememberMe/cronjobs.log && echo "4" >> $HOME/cron

And now you can stick with your original source approach.

This is the recommended approach for your case as you're source-ing .zshrc, presumably you have zsh specific declarations in there which won't work in sh.

If you don't want to set the SHELL variable, you can run the whole command as an argument to zsh -c, but this incurs careful quoting.

A safer approach would be to put the commands in a script, and run that as an executable with #!/usr/bin/env zsh shebang or as an argument to zsh (without making it executable).

As a side note, always quote your variable expansions unless you intentionally want to have word splitting and pathname expansion on them.


programs launched from docky are in different language

"Some silly error caused by turkish characters" rings a bell here. ;-) Has it possibly something to do with this bug?

This is just a guess, but what if you launch Docky like this:

LC_CTYPE=C docky

instead of using LC_ALL, which changes everything.

Edit:

I installed Docky and played around and ended up with this:

LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=tr_TR.UTF-8 docky


System enters grub prompt rather than grub boot menu

Looks like this happens because of stale information in UEFI boot settings which relates to which SATA ports have discs that contain bootable partitions ... I guess I should never switch SATA connections between drives again without intending to!

I had to modify which device should be used for boot in the UEFI Boot settings to solve.


lm-sensors: "watch sensors" shows fewer sensors than just "sensors"

... I'm an idiot. The moment I pressed enter I had a revelation: maybe if I enlarge the window...? And it worked. 'watch sensors' only shows the sensors that fit in the window, it doesn't let you scroll down to show more, you have to make the window taller. I'll leave this answer here in case someone else is a bit thick like me :)


I have seen that on several occasions, every time it was some failed module.

On a command line type sudo /etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup and watch the output for error messages. If there are no errors that should get you going, if there are any please post them into your question.


The games you are speaking about are based on the .NET Framework and running with Mono, which is a free and open-source implementation of Microsoft's .NET Framework.

Because these applications are .NET based, Assemblies have .dll extension. So you can see DLL files in the folders.

One .NET program designed for cross-platform use can run on Windows, Linux or Mac, with the same "binaries" (including DLLs which are also assemblies), which are compiled in MSIL and need a .NET/Mono runtime to be executed.

Please note that you also have some free applications (not only games) based on Mono Framework available in Ubuntu repositories. For example: Tomboy.


CRON jobs sending email, but I didn't configured it

Yes, by default email will be sent either to whatever is specified by the MAILTO variable or to the crontab owner, and that every time there is a cron job output. From the cron(8) man page:

cron wakes up every minute, examining all stored crontabs, checking each command to see if it should be run in the current minute.  When executing commands, any output is mailed to the owner of the crontab (or to the user named in the MAILTO environment variable in the crontab, if such exists).

However you seem to have a config problem with postfix/sendmail or, perhaps more precisely, with yr postfix to sendmail compatibility interface. It does not seem to be correctly configured.

If you want to understand what the exit status 75 means look this up:

  EX_TEMPFAIL A Recoverable Error: The EX_TEMPFAIL exit code (value 75)
  is returned by sendmail to indicate that a temporary error has
  occurred. Temporary errors mean that the mail message will be put in
  (or remain in) the queue for the present, and another delivery attempt
  will be made later.

To reconfigure postfix, do, from the cmd line:

$ dpkg-reconfigure postfix

That ought to solve your problem, provided postfix was correctly installed.

To determine the location of the directory that contains your Postfix main.cf and master.cf config files, do, from cmd-line:

$ postconf config_directory

Check yr config files out to see that yr configuration is correct.

For the sake of completeness, you should know that Postfix has also a log procedure in case config-debugging is needed. On my box (Trusty LTS) its log file is located at /var/log/mail.log. In the log look for keywords as quoted from /usr/share/doc/postfix/DEBUG_README:

  "panic" indicates a problem in the software itself that only a programmer
  can fix. Postfix cannot proceed until this is fixed.
  "fatal" is the result of missing files, incorrect permissions,
  incorrect
  configuration file settings that you can fix. Postfix cannot proceed until
  this is fixed.
  "error" reports an error condition. For safety reasons, a Postfix
  process
  will terminate when more than 13 of these happen.
  "warning" indicates a non-fatal error. These are problems that you
  may not
  be able to fix (such as a broken DNS server elsewhere on the network) but
  may also indicate local configuration errors that could become a problem
  later.

If this does not give you what you need to make the problem go away, you'll have to go deeper using debugging tools available to you on Ubuntu to determine where the problem lies. I think that falls outside the scope of yr question.


What packages should I install in order to run Unity game?

What you have there is an executable which can be executed as a Linux executable, but is missing the correct linkage to be run on any of them.

That information you have given is exactly what you need to start to solve the situation. You need to go to Ubuntu package search then Search the contents of packages. https://packages.ubuntu.com/

You may then need to link files where filenames differ in order to get your executable to work. You may also need to download and compile some third-party stuff not in the Ubuntu repositories.

Unfortunately this is a common problem with running executable not compiled using the target distribution. Who know what MacGyvering of shared objects were done inside of unity to make an executable. It's most likely different for osx since it is a singular platform with one structure, while Linux is multiple distributions with many different structures. Rather what you have there is an executable which can be executed as a Linux executable, but is missing the correct linkage to be run on any of them.

Without sharing your file, you are the person who has to research how to get that particular file to run - and get it to run on different versions of Ubuntu.

I would like to note - I've had the exact opposite experience to you. Some years back I wrote something on Unity, and while I was expecting problems when I ran it on Ubuntu, it ran without any problems. The issues you're having are more than likely related to a component of your game. Maybe some 3rd party stuff?

Sorry for not being so very helpful, and responding to an old thread. But I thought I should even if it is. An answer is better than none.


No picture with a Microsoft VX-1000 webcam in Skype

Skype has a compatibility problem with the Video4Linux2-Library. You can force it to use the Version 1 of this library then it should work. Shutdown all skype instances and then try running this in a terminal:

LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libv4l/v4l1compat.so skype &

If you have 64 bit Linux, use the following command instaed:

LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib32/libv4l/v4l1compat.so skype &


Torrents are already fast in this sense, because they download from multiple peers, and start at different parts of the file, downloading in many more pieces then can be achieved with a download accelerator.

apt-fast downloads multiple parts of the file from the same source.

You may be able to use Axel or aria2 (what apt-fast uses) to download regular files, but not with torrents.

If you are asking how to use apt-fast, It is used exactly like apt-get is used to install programs. https://askubuntu.com/a/171562/47291


Installation of Remastersys in Ubuntu 16.04

According to the www.remastersys.org

  Since Remastersys was abandoned, the team formed a fork Respin. Free Software and Open Source developers working together to create a FOSS
  remastering or respin program.

Follow these steps to install Respin on your system

Step 1: Clone Debian and Ubuntu source code and .deb packages from git hub by executing following command. The source and .deb packages get downloaded into your present terminal working directory

git clone https://gitlab.com/remastersys/LinuxRespin

Step 2: Change the terminal working directory to where Ubuntu source and .deb package are located(LinuxRespin/ubuntu) and run the following command to install the package

sudo dpkg -i respin_1.1.0-1_all.deb

If you get any dependency errors after running the command in step 2, run the below command to fix the dependencies and install the package.

sudo apt-get install -f

note: No need to run the command in step 2 for installing the package after running the apt-get install -f command, which does two jobs of fixing dependenies and also installing the package


Does Ubuntu-tv work with the mythbackend or tvheadend?

I've creating a scope for Ubuntu-TV that should stream content from a MythTV backend, but it isn't ready yet. It should be usable from a regular Unity setup as well, providing you have the video lens installed.


linux-headers-5.4.0-56 needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it

Boot some recent kernel that is not 5.4.0-56.
Then install my linux-purge script from here and run
sudo linux-purge --choose

And choose the 5.4.0-56 kernel(s) and purge. Thereafer update to install the latest kernel. Reboot.


How to remove chromium-browser settings from Ubuntu 14.04?

Execute these commands in terminal  :

sudo apt-get remove chromium --purge
rm -rf ~/.config/chromium
rm -rf ~/.cache/chromium
sudo rm -rf /etc/chromium


You have downloaded the Mac Driver. You need to read carefully on that site what you Download.
Your file should be: This one

Filename is:  cnijfilter-mg5400series-3.80-1-deb.tar.gz

After downloading unpack it and then simply click on it. Software center will open and you can install it from there.


How to enable Manual Duplex on Brother DCP-1610W

I use a Brother HL-2240 and had this same problem. Although I have never figured out how to get the Manual Duplex option working, I found out you can manually print duplex without a Manual Duplex option. You simply manually go through all the steps a Manual Duplex option would require by printing only the even sheets, then only the odd sheets.

Since we have different models, the exact steps will probably vary, but for me the process is:

Press Control+P (or otherwise go to the print dialog), then go to "Page Setup"
For the "Only Print" option, select "Even sheets" and "reverse order".  Printing the even sheets first ensures that if there is a final single-sided sheet, it will occur at the end instead of the beginning. NOTE: I have not personally used "reverse order," so I can't speak to its use, though it sounds helpful. I do always print even sheets first, which is imperative. The suggestion to use reverse order, as well as some clarification on why printing even sheets before odd sheets is needed, are taken from a suggestion by DS Justice in a comment and suggested edit.
Press "Print"
After the even sheets have printed, re-insert the paper in the paper tray, so that the printed text is facing up and will look upside down from your point of view.  De-select "reverse order".
Press Control+P and go to "Page Setup"
For the "Only Print" option, select "Odd sheets"
Press "Print"

So you may have to modify that list somewhat to fit your model, but if you follow all the steps that a Manual Duplex option would have made you do, you should be alright.


I am getting this error message in the terminal and cannot run / execute shell script on my PC. Why?

java: not found is pretty self-explanatory. Please install Java and try again...

For more information on how to do that check refer to this question


The firmware referred to is proprietary firmware for the specific wireless device in the machine. With a temporary wired ethernet connection, it can be installed with:

sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

Reboot and the message will be gone and the wireless present.


It seems that ca.desrt.dconf.service is missing from /usr/share/dbus-1/services/ . Try reinstalling dconf-gsettings-backend. It worked for me.


Installed Ubuntu 16.10 alongside macOS and macOS won't boot up

Note that on Mac hardware, Refind is definitely recommended. You can install it as a package in Ubuntu, and then use refind-install to automatically configure it, and this should make your boot situation a lot easier.


If, Ubuntu 16.04 LTS is suitable Asus Eee Pc with 1GB RAM

According to the download page of Ubuntu, it will not perform really well with RAM under 2GB. There are other Ubuntu flavors out there that may suit your system here


After doing the apt-get commands, I was able to remove everything but "libbluetooth3" and "libgnome-bluetooth8" as they wanted to uninstall other things with them.


Gnuplot and Octave giving scrollbar error

This error can be solved by changing line 30 in /usr/share/themes/Ambiance/gtk-2.0/apps/mate-panel.rc as shown below. Open the terminal and type:

sudo -i
cd /usr/share/themes/Ambiance/gtk-2.0/apps
cp mate-panel.rc mate-panel.rc.bak # backup mate-panel.rc file before editing it
nano mate-panel.rc

Now mate-panel will be open for editing in nano text editor. Scroll down with the ↓ key and change the following line:

class "GtkScrollbar"              style "murrine-scrollbar"

by replacing the string "murrine-scrollbar" with "scrollbar" so that it looks like this:

class "GtkScrollbar"              style "scrollbar"

Press the keyboard combination Ctrl+O and after that press Enter to save the changes in mate-panel.rc. Press the keyboard combination Ctrl+X to exit nano.

Logout in the terminal from root back to normal user.

exit

Now you will be able to use gnuplot and Octave without getting an error message that says: error: invalid string constant "murrine-scrollbar", expected valid string constant


Ubuntu, and Linux in general, is case sensitive. So java and Java are two different commands. If you installed the latest version of the JRE (and not just downloaded it ;) ), you should have the command java available. But it seems you're trying to use the command Java, which your system doesn't know about.


Option to see download speed when downloading updates

The only thing I can think of(since the functionality is not built in to the update-manager) is to open the system monitor and monitor the download speed at the bottom, this will show the total download speed and how fast those updates are coming as long as update-manager is the only thing using the Internet at that time.


I assume you have 1 HDD and at least 3 partitions with 3 seperate installations of Ubuntu. Deleting the installation should be easy: Just delete the partitions that you don't want anymore and probably resize your root or home partition.

Of course you need to know which partitions are safe to delete. When you use GParted currently mounted partitions are shown as locked and need to be unmounted first before they can be deleted. Which brings us to the mount command. You can use mount to display which device (like an HDD or partition of an HDD) is mounted to which location in your operating system filesystem.

$ mount
/dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro,discard)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
none on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (rw)
none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620)

In this case partition /dev/sda1 is the root filesystem (/) of the currently running operating system, and we don't want to delete that. So the other partitions containing Ubuntu/Linux installations can be considered as safe to delete.

You should look at the filesystems (mount them in nautilus) and check twice before you delete the partitions with GParted. (May be check or backup the home folder first?)

I do not recommend to use only device names for making such a decision, instead you should compare filesystem UUIDs from your /etc/fstab instead.

To clean up your GRUB configuration you just run sudo update-grub.


When mounting a foreign filesystem how does Ubuntu match up users?

Permissions are granted based on the user ID in /etc/password. The names are just a convenience. (BTW, that is also the way it is done on windows).

Example:

Local system 'A' had a disk with this setup:

Joe,            uid 500
Jane,           uid 501
Job,            uid 502

Files created by Joe get user ID 500.

Now I move that disk to system 'B'
System B has two users:

Janette,        uid 500
slartibartfast, uid 501
Mark,           uid 599

Files which were owned by user 500 (Joe) on system 'A' will now be accesable by user 500 on system 'B'. The owner will be listed as 'Janette'

This is the main reason why people keep their UIDs the same on all systems they log into. Esp. when NFS is involved.

(To be complete: Fles owner by 'Jane' will now show up as owned by 'slartibartfast', and files owned by 'Job' will just be listed by ID 502, since there is not matching name.)

If you like an analogy, think of uids as social security numbers. Your name can change (e.g. when you marry), but that number will always be the same.

[Edited a bit to answer the questions directly]

  If I mount a filesystem that's been part of another Ubuntu installation (systemB let's call it) how does my system (systemA) work out permissions?

The system works out permission by checking if the active user has rights on the file, or if the active user is in a group which has rights on that file. Everywhere I wrote active user you need to realise that the user is just a number. (The ID).  And this ignores extra restrictions set by SE-Linux.

  Specifically: Does userA on my system get access to userA's files in the foreign filesystem from systemB just because they have the same name?

No. Only if they have the same uid.

  Must the passwords match?

No password checking it done when you access file. You authenticate once (when you log in). Afterward you have rights on files which you own or which are in the same groups you are in.

  That implies to me that the filesystem must store user+password together somewhere so they can travel with the filesystem.

No password checking is done on accessing files, so this is not relevant.

  What happens if there is a userB on systemB and no matching user on my system?

If there is no user with the same uid then it is not possible to translate the uid to a name. Thus the raw numeric value is show.

  Who can access his files from systemA? Can root?

Every user with the same uid, or with uid 0.


adding pci=nomsi on the same line where quiet and splash appear seem to help.
On the Grub boot menu press "e" to edit and scroll down to the second last line.
Hope it help


Ubuntu 14.04.2 installer does not recognize partitions when trying to install dual-boot alongside Windows 8.1

Fixing the backup GPT solved the issue.

In order to fix it: run "sudo gparted", and click FIX when it reports the problem about the backup GPT and proposes to fix it).


Booting into text mode - how can I fix it?

You could try restarting the graphical side by logging in in text mode and then typing the following command:

sudo service lightdm start

If that command gives errors, please add them to your question (using the edit link).


Merging multiple images into one document and add any caption/label to them

You already use the right tool
e.g.

convert *.png -gravity South -annotate 0 '%f' all.pdf

Here you can find more examples:
http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/annotating/


How to add apt repository with Ubuntu autoinstall

Ubuntu auto install uses cloud-init yaml files which is a brilliant way of doing unattended installs of Ubuntu.   However there is a bit of a learning curve.  But I'm happy to help.
The cloud-init documentation has this as an example:-
https://cloudinit.readthedocs.io/en/latest/topics/examples.html#add-primary-apt-repositories
For example the cloud-init yaml user-data for installing and running docker.io..
#cloud-config
timezone: 'Europe/London'
package_update: 'true'
packages:
  - build-essential
  - docker.io
write_files:
  - path: /etc/systemd/system/container.service
    owner: root:root
    permissions: '0755'
    content: |
        [Unit]
        Description=Run container
        Requires=docker.service
        After=docker.service

        [Service]
        Restart=always
        ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/docker rm container
        ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run --rm --name container hello-world
        ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop -t 2 container

runcmd:
  - systemctl start container
  - systemctl enable container


stuck in grub rescue mode after installing ubuntu alongside Windows 8

You made the classic mistake (which the installer should prevent or at least warn you about, IMHO) of installing in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode to a computer that's already booting Windows in EFI mode. Given your current situation, your best hope of recovery is as follows:

Download and prepare the USB flash drive or CD-R version of my rEFInd boot manager. (You can do this with any working computer.)
Enter the firmware setup tool on the non-booting computer. I know you said you can't do this, but there must be a way to do it, even if it involves setting a jumper to clear the NVRAM or temporarily unplugging the hard disk.
In the firmware setup utility, disable Secure Boot. Note that the procedure to do this varies from one computer to another, so I can't offer a step-by-step procedure.
Boot the rEFInd medium. It should present options to boot both Linux and Windows. Test them both. If either doesn't work, it may be necessary to do something to fix the problem, so post back with details.
Boot to Linux.
Identify your EFI System Partition (ESP). This is a FAT partition that shows up in parted or GParted as having its "boot flag" set, or in gdisk as having a type code of EF00. It's normally one of the first two or three partitions on the disk, but it can reside elsewhere.
Type sudo mkdir -p /boot/efi.
If it's not already mounted there, mount your ESP on /boot/efi, as in sudo mount /dev/sda2 /boot/efi if the ESP is /dev/sda2.
Install the Debian-package version of rEFInd.
Edit /etc/fstab to ensure that the ESP will be mounted at /boot/efi when you reboot. (This step is recommended, but not required.)

At this point, your computer should boot from the hard disk using rEFInd. That said, there are buggy EFIs out there, so it's possible you'll run into problems. If so, post back with details.

If you want to use Secure Boot, you can do so, but you'll need to take extra steps to get rEFInd working with Secure Boot. See the rEFInd Secure Boot documentation for details.

One more point: Ubuntu 13.10 was released recently, so you might want to use it instead of 13.04. That said, I've not yet done a 13.10 installation, so I'm not sure if it's got any real advantages over 13.04. Chances are it does something better, though, at least on EFI-based systems, since EFI development for Linux has been proceeding at a fairly rapid clip over the past couple of years.


Is it safe to switch my bootloader to BURG?

Burg is like a frontend to grub, so even if it fails the default grub will work. The only problem I had is during the first boot it tried to load a higher resolution than my monitor supports, so it only showed a black screen. But it still worked on the background, so I pressed enter and it booted normally. You can solve that installing grub customizer (a gui to configure grub and burg from the desktop) and rebooting. Or in the same burg screen pressing F2, up or down, and enter. Don't know if it's in the oficial repositories, but it's here:

https://launchpad.net/~danielrichter2007/+archive/grub-customizer

Just search all the burg related packages and install them on synaptic. If you have any problem, uninstall it and reinstall grub.


Ubuntu 12.10 slowing down other devices on my network

Two possible issues:

Ubuntu is downloading stuff. This could be background updates, something in Transmission (torrent), or a download in your browser.
Your network card is slower. Wireless networking is only as good as the least-capable node attached to it. This means if your PS3 and Nexus 7 are using 802.11n, and your computer uses 802.11g, then everything else is going to slow down to the 802.11g speeds and bandwidth (same goes for 802.11g vs 802.11b). Make sure your computer uses the same technology as at least one of the other two (the PS3 originally shipped with 802.11g, I don't know if they upgraded it; the Nexus should be 802.11n). If it's not, then upgrade it.

Alternatively, if your router supports dual-band output, you can split your wireless in to 5GHz and 2.4GHz. Put anything that supports it onto the 5GHz connection, and everything else on the 2.4GHz connection. That can help keep your slower nodes from slowing down the more capable one, though chances are the PS3 will still be stuck on the slower connection.


BQ Aquaris E4.5 Ubuntu Edition: Downgrade to Android

Yes - it is possible to downgrade it to android and you can follow this guide - http://a25.co/ubuntu-phone-how-to-install-android/ (which is not written by me).

Some of the information there is a bit outdated (the latest android for the phone at this moment is Lollipop) but the basic principle is the same.

As for reverting back to Ubuntu Touch - it is possible but I haven't tried it yet and can't be of much help with that. I think the procedure would be the same as with the android install, just using the Ubuntu firmware provided at the BQ site instead.


Why does usblp prevent VMware from accessing my USB printer?

If you want to blacklist usblp you could put it in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf, or add your own .conf file to /etc/modprobe.d

Overall blacklisting isn't a very satisfying even if it works for you.


about updation of ubuntu through update manager

Yes you should update recommended updates but you should care some package update which you dont want to update , like if you want to work on specific version of application then you should not update that application.


Can I make profitable app for Ubuntu Touch?

Currently Ubuntu Touch is in development and many of these details are not yet worked out.

Will the app ecosystem only allow free open source applications?

You can publish your app under any number of licenses including Proprietary

Can you make your app a paid app?

At http://developer.ubuntu.com/publish/ #4 states:

  Choose your price

  Not all software is free in the Software Centre. If you are charging
  for your app, you’ll need to provide details of your Paypal account, a
  phone number and a postal address. The minimum price you can charge is
  $2.99.

  Note: for mobile apps in the Software Store Beta, payments are not yet enabled, so stay tuned for updates on when you can start charging
  for your app.

And also show a graph of the fees you need to pay if you choose to charge:

The Note is important because it refers to Software Store Beta which is currently what you can use to get apps to the Ubuntu Touch Developer Preview. However payments are not yet in place.

Can you place ads in the app?

This question is probably the hardest to answer at the moment, because at the moment it seems there is no "ad system". This would be important for many reasons:

It would be similar to spyware if a individual application would access and deliver information for placing ads, as well as resource consuming if many apps were doing it at once.
Need of approved ads, ones that would not hack/crash/do any buffer-overflow/automatically install programs/ect. or  mislead to "Download Here" when a real download link is elsewhere.
Acceptable ad area, so we don't encourage targeting accidental clicks or guerrilla tactics that only frustrate users (are they really going to buy/download a product they were practically forced to click on). Possible area for banner format ads when you look at the design of many of the current apps:

Note: Just a mock-up and not actual ad placement or views of developers, nor am I saying there should be ads in the clock app.

There are many discussions about how it should be, but I think many free apps that are currently are for Android show how it shouldn't be: Requiring every kind of permission (and they say that is only to serve ads), pop up videos, slide in graphics, Begging for ratings, you name it - Will Ubuntu Touch be the same "anything goes" in this aspect?

Or will there be no ads allowed altogether - In favor of trial (of which can be added to the software center) and paid versions, or altogether free.

Possibly a framework for ads could made as hbdgaf suggested in chat :

  So it was said it isn't ad driven. It should be. Not putting ads in
  lenses, but a way to get something google-esque with an ad framework
  integrated in to the app framework. Say I want to make a cool app for
  u-touch and not get paid for it. Ad funding should be an option. Maybe
  it still is, but ad is a hot-word so they left it alone and said it's
  not a thing. Just saying... A framework should be in place. It isn't.
  This is a way to get there from here.

For now it seems in the developer preview they are focusing on the "Core" apps and experience, and we have not yet seen how the paid/ad system will look.


I think you misunderstood the usage of the transparency sliding bar:

Sliding the bar to the Max, it applies maximum opacity, so you will end up with a solid color.

For transparent colors, slide the bar do the left, close to the Minimum, so you will have a transparent Terminal.


Backdoor.Linux.Gafgyt.A - How to detect an infection with this backdoor.

The Trojan in question has an md5sum of 5924BCC045BB7039F55C6CE29234E29A. A long list of products will detect it. Available here

Source: http://telussecuritylabs.com/threats/show/TSL20140925-03


I can reproduce this issue (trying to use avconv to convert 20 seconds of internet radio stream into a wav file). So here's a fix which worked for me: simply permute the -t and -i options!

In your case, I'm suggesting trying

ffmpeg -i GOPR0001.MP4 -t 10 cut.MP4

I'm also suggesting that someone files a bug report.

EDIT: in fact it's not a bug -- it's a feature!

https://bugzilla.libav.org/show_bug.cgi?id=399

Apparently the bug was in ffmpeg ;-) The logic is apparently that -t is an output option, so should go after the input options. Go figure.


It's not needed to install any program.

Musescore by default was not using ALSA audio on my installation.
It was only needed to select ALSA at preferences menu and it just worked!

to see if the MIDI was recognized just type aconnect -i

pauloh@mccartney:~$ aconnect -i
client 0: 'System' [type=kernel]
    0 'Timer           '
    1 'Announce        '
client 14: 'Midi Through' [type=kernel]
    0 'Midi Through Port-0'
client 20: 'CH345' [type=kernel]
    0 'CH345 MIDI 1    '

This last 'CH345' is my MIDI controller and it is shown only when connected.

To more details about MIDI I read this article from
Rafał Cieślak


How to install Ubuntu touch on a tablet?

These are two different devices, with different motherboards and supporting chipsets. What you are attempting is NOT recommended, and will likely 'brick' (or render useless) your device.

GALAXY Tab 2 7.0 vs. Tab 3 7.0 (specifications)

http://gadgetstouse.com/news/samsung-galaxy-tab-2-7-0-vs-samsung-galaxy-tab-3-7-0-specifications-comparison/7631


The usual way to set up networking in a server is /etc/network/interfaces. The file probably contains a guess as to a workable configuration, but, with the introduction of persistent naming, the usual ethernet interface, eth0, is incorrect. In your case, as you can see, it is eno1. My ethernet interface is enp0s25.

I suggest that you edit the file to add your details:

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

For a server, so that you can ssh and ftp to the machine, I suggest you use a static IP address. Check in the administration pages of your router or access point to find the range of addresses used for DHCP; select an address for your static server outside that range. Let's reconfigure for a static IP:

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

Change the file to:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet static
address 192.168.1.125
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 192.168.1.1

Save and close nano. Usually, the router address is fine for DNS. You may add other, faster servers if you wish. Substitute your settings here as needed.

Get the system to re-read the file and use the changes:

sudo ifdown eno1 && sudo ifup -v eno1

Did you connect?

ping -c3 www.ubuntu.com


Tomboy creates a 0 folder in home directory

It sounds like you turned on Tomboy's note synchronization feature, but didn't change the default synchronization folder (which is set to your home folder by default).

To fix this, go to Edit > Preferences in Tomboy, then go to the Synchronization tab, and uncheck the box next to "Automatically Sync in Background..." or choose the "Clear" button at the bottom.  The 0 folder in your home folder should be a duplicate (synchronized copy) of the actual notes folder, so it should be safe to delete.  If you want to be safe, you can try renaming it first, and see if your notes still show up in Tomboy.


Openshot Video Editor 1.4.3-1.2 - How to stop it auto updating to v 2.43 etc in 18.04 LTS

Clarification:

Locking the version in Synaptic Package Manager does not mark it
locked in other package managers (dpkg, apt, aptitude, ...)
In Ubuntu, there is a package called unattended-upgrades that will
automatically update your system to the latest version periodically.
This means that your computer will install the latest version of openshot when available, because your lock works only inside the Synaptic Package Manager.
Run sudo apt upgrade, if you see openshot among packages that will be updated, then

What to do:

Do this:

echo "openshot hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections

sudo apt-mark hold openshot

This will mark them hold in dpkg and apt.

Remove Lock

echo "openshot install" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
sudo apt-mark unhold openshot

This will remove lock in dpkg and apt.


Lubuntu 18.10 refuses to install due to not having enough working memory

Open up terminal

Type : cd /etc/calamares/modules

You should be now at that directory

type : sudo chmod a+rwx welcome.conf

Now you should have permission to edit the ram block file, who ever implemented this block should lose there job

Type : featherpad welcome.conf

Should open the file and now change the 1 to a 0 next to requiredram

Then press files save and open the installer again,

This is how I bypassed the ram limit, and I’m a windows user... sad times

This has to be done, every time you boot up the installer, even if it’s the same usb stick, as any changes you make inside of the live environment get undone, so if a update bricks  your computer then welcome back to the second time of following this guide


Yes you can do that. Create an extended partition and then logicals within that.

They won't be called d, e, f etc though.

When you install you do so to the / mountpoint, if you only want to have a 16Gb (for example) system partition then do so.

You can then create your other partitions and get them to be mounted within the system using fstab.

If you want to share data between linux and windows - have an ntfs partition.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowtoPartition

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Fstab


There is indeed a very easy solution:

Install all brother drivers by terminal sudo apt-get install "brother-* or by synaptic
Search for the printer name, e.g. dpkg -S DCP
Install the nearest match, in your case DCP 310CN


Cannot seem to install libcurl4-openssl-dev package

It simply means that there are some other packages which need to be installed before you can install the package you want to. This is called a dependency in Linux world.

There are a few ways to resolve this:

One possible cause of unmet dependencies could be corrupted package database, and/or some packages weren’t installed properly. To fix this problem, hit Alt+Ctrl+T to open terminal and try to run one of the following commands:
sudo apt-get clean
or
sudo apt-get autoclean
Autoclean clears out the local repository of downloaded packages which are no longer required.
Or you can try getting the dependencies resolved through apt-get
sudo apt-get -f install
The -f switch tries to correct the broken dependencies.

For a more comprehensive guide, refer to https://askubuntu.com/a/142808/456878
And keep it handy for reference.


15.10: WiFi blocked/no resume after suspend/no bright hotkeys after upgrade

Copied OP comment here:

It was a BIOS error from Samsung. The problem was solved according to next steps.

Enter to BIOS/UEFI from Windows 8 installation disk.
On the BIOS/UEFI set hard disk to "normal" (not AHCI)
Install Windows 8 (no blue screen!)
Update BIOS/UEFI with Samsung Utility
BIOS/UEFI is now fixed, install Ubuntu deleting Windows and all Ubuntu features works OK!


"Try Ubuntu" menu appears after installation on Acer Aspire ES 11-131 - without live USB I get "no bootable device"

Turn on Secure boot from under Boot Tab.

Go to the Security tab and look for Select an UEFI file as trusted for executing and select enter
Navigate to shimx64.efi and press enter.

Might be something like this.

Save changes and exit. Now you should be able to boot.


Samsung QX410-j01 Touchpad is not working

The problem is solved.

I followed these instructions.

Since some part of the touchpad was working, I only performed the following steps:

wget http://people.canonical.com/~cndougla/enable-clickpad.sh
chmod a+x enable-clickpad.sh
./enable-clickpad.sh <device name|device id>


Why does the Ubuntu installer not detect the hard drive during installation?

I have exactly the same problem. I have the same ASRock motherboard and I tried different Linux distros without success. Finally Ubuntu 12.10 live usb booted correctly but my hard drive wasn't read.

The solution for me was to switch SATA connector:
The hard disk was connected to the SATA3_0 connector and I switch it to one of the SATA2 connectors (SATA2_1 to be exact). It works now. I didn't check if Windows (which is installed in a partition of that disk) complains about this.


Artifact and X.Org problem in Xubuntu 20.04 LTS

This is a bug as described in Xubuntu 20.04 AMD-users: Garbled display fix : xubuntu. You need to run below command in either a terminal or TTY
xfconf-query -c xfwm4 -p /general/vblank_mode -t string -s "glx" --create

Restart the computer after running the command.


Terminal does not work/start (error creating child process)

It looks like your terminal profile is trying to run an empty shell command - choose the 'Profile Preferences' button and then navigate to the 'Title and Command' tab and make sure that the 'Run a custom command instead of my shell' is not selected (or if it is selected, that it contains the path to a valid shell program)


Recover files from Ubuntu using Win 7, and repair start-up

I recommend installing ext2fsd. It is basically a driver that allows you to view files in an ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystem and mount them just as your C: drive in Windows.

In the ext2fsd program, right click on the partition you want to mount.
Select ext2 management.
check automatically mount via ext2mgr and choose a drive letter.

Your newly mounted partition should be viewable under my computer in Windows Explorer, and you should be able to copy the files with ease.

I personally think that it would just be easier to resinstall Ubuntu since you can back up your important files in Windows now.


realtek rtl8723be wifi drivers not working after upgrading to 5.4.0-37

Run in a terminal
sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf <<< "options rtl8723be ant_sel=1"

and reboot. That should fix the bad signal.


How to respond to sshd brute force attacks

You can use fail2ban. That will do a temporary block of ip addresses with too many tries.

You can check this: How to install fail2ban on Ubuntu Server 18.04. It works for other versions as well.


Installed packages have unmet dependencies

Try the below commands on terminal,

sudo dpkg -r docker
sudo apt-get -f install


Ubuntu Software Center is installed in Ubuntu 15.10 by default.

If it is not installed in your system for some reason, install it by running

sudo apt-get install software-center

In 16.04 it will be replaced by Gnome Software. The package is called gnome-software, but Ubuntu Software Center is still available there as well.


How to extract the characters specifying the particular position?

Since you want a range of characters and a specific line, I'd suggest Awk:

awk 'FNR==2 {print substr($0,95,102-95)}' file1

If you just wanted a range of characters for every line, you could have used cut -c95-102


Is it safe to delete folders for unused accounts in var/mail?

Yes, you can move the whole FS subtree to the another place or delete it. Also you have to remove or deactivate prior that account to prevent any email being delivered again. That will recreate the mailbox for certain valid user.


Before you move personal files off, try clearing the apt cache and removing old kernels. To clear the apt cache:

sudo apt-get clean

You can remove some old kernels using:

sudo apt-get remove autoremove

and the instructions in the answers to How do I remove old kernel versions to clean up the boot menu?

You can clear out the Trash:

rm -rf .local/share/Trash/*

That ought to clean up some space. Try restarting to see if the GUI works.

To copy files, first we will identify your USB drive and mount it, if it wasn't automounted. Do:

lsblk

This will list connected drives in a tree form, listing sizes and mount points. Your USB drive is likely to be sdb (and the partition on it sdb1). If there is no mount point listed next to it (it's a path like /media/My Drive), we will mount it manually:

sudo mount -o rw,uid=$(id -u),gid=$(id -u),umask=022 -t ntfs-3g /dev/sdb1 /mnt

(I am assuming your hard drive is using the NTFS filesystem - if not remove everything between mount and /dev/sdb1.)
Now, the real trouble is locating your files. I am pretty sure they are in your home directory, and your home directory is not on a separate partition. (If it is, copying stuff from home directory won't help with the low space issue.)
First make a directory to hold your backups (not necessary, but good for organizing):

mkdir /mnt/backup

Now you can move stuff from a folder in your home directory (say Documents):

mv ~/Documents /mnt/backup


"Hash sum mismatch" error when doing apt-get update

I have no good explanation for why this might work, but it just did for me, when I got these errors trying to do sudo apt install emacs25 or sudo apt-get install emacs25. So in case it works for others:

This install of emacs25/bionic,now 25.2+1-6 amd64 required several dependent packages, namely:

emacs25-bin-common/bionic,now 25.2+1-6 amd64
emacs25-common/bionic,bionic,now 25.2+1-6 all
emacs25-el/bionic,bionic,now 25.2+1-6 all
emacsen-common/bionic,bionic,now 2.0.8 all

I wanted to see if I could narrow down what the particular problem file was, since they were all throwing hash sum errors, so I tried to install emacs25-common. Same issue (though it had dependencies on all the other three numbered above).

Then I tried sudo apt install emacs25-el. This worked, and curiously, the first dependency it installed was emacs25-common — the one I'd just tried to install unsuccessfully. It installed emacs25-common and the other three packages (all except for emacs25 itself) successfully.

Then I did sudo apt install emacs25. This, too, worked.

So this is voodoo, but I would suggest trying to install the dependencies separately first, trying different dependencies, until one does install, and then trying again.

My guess would be that something server-side was being cached, and breaking the normal order of requests resulted in a cache miss allowing the original file to be re-checksummed, but that's a total stab in the dark.

(After the above was done I was able to install the suggested package using sudo apt install emacs25-common-non-dfsg without issues.)


Why CharMap in Ubuntu for lydian not showing up the correct character set

Obviously your font has no support for this codepoint. The site FileFormat.info is a good resource to find information about Unicode characters and fonts. If you look up the Lydian letter G (U+10922), you'll find some general information. Furthermore there is a link »fonts that support U+10922«. Here you find 4 fonts which support this lydian letter. I chose as an example Quivira. You can download the TrueType font file (.ttf). After the download finished doubleclick on the file and a font viewer will open. In the bottom right side is a button to install the font. When this is finished, you will have support for the lydian letter G in your system.

The letter looks like:


I guess that you upgraded from 10.04 to 12.04.

At Ubuntu 12.04 yes , the startup applications are hidden. Is not a problem or a fail that the catalog is empty. Its more like a security "valve" so users not delete any essential startup application and corrupt the system.

Here is a way to reveal all the startup applications in Ubuntu 12.04.

Be careful , because the following command will reveal ALL the startup applications.

Open a terminal and give this command

sudo sed -i 's/NoDisplay=true/NoDisplay=false/g' /etc/xdg/autostart/*.desktop

Then open again the startup applications and I'm certain that the list will have grown.


system-installation automatically directed to burning to a disk on E drive

It sounds like you are using Windows. In order to write the file to a USB drive properly, a third-party application is required. Try using UNetBootIn, which will do all the steps automatically. Download the Windows version, then run it. Once it's been opened, select the file you downloaded from the Ubuntu website, and choose the flash drive you wish to install it to. Once it's finished installing, reboot using the flash drive as the boot source. (This may require editing the boot order in the BIOS settings -- make sure the flash drive is plugged in before powering on to enter BIOS settings.) Once the operating system for the Ubuntu installer loads, follow its instructions and read everything carefully before making  any decisions.


Solved! I installed ths packages

sudo apt-get install tcl8.6-dev tcl8.6
sudo apt-get install tk8.6-dev tk8.6 libgcj15-dev

Then

./configure
make
sudo make install
scid

And it works! ^_^


How to read package description or man page without installing?

dman Retrieves Manual Pages
In practice, viewing a package's brief description (as mchid suggests) is usually what you'll want to see, to decide if you want the package. However, if you like you can view a manpage provided by a package that has not yet been installed, using the dman utility.
dman is provided by the bikeshed  package. You can install that in the Software Center, or with sudo apt-get install bikeshed.
Then use dman like man.
dman is a script that retrieves manual pages over the Internet and displays them, so you have to be connected to the Internet to use it successfully. (But you probably are, because in your specific scenario you're about to install a package.) It also often runs slowly, so be prepared to wait several seconds.
If dman's database doesn't have your release, you can specify another.
Due to a bug dman doesn't work right on some releases of Ubuntu. For now you can get around the problem by viewing another release's version of the manpage you want (this workaround was suggested by Marius Gedminas in a comment on the bug report). You use the adjective part of the codename, in all lower case (e.g., precise from 12.04 Precise Pangolin, trusty from 14.04 Trusty Thar). For example:
ek@Io:~$ dman sl       # doesn't work on Vivid, produces no output
ek@Io:~$ dman --release trusty sl

SL(6)                            Games Manual                            SL(6)

NAME
       sl  -  display animations aimed to correct users who accidentally enter
       sl instead of ls.

SYNOPSIS
       sl [ -alFe ]

DESCRIPTION
       sl Displays animations....
Alternative: Browse Manual Pages with a (Text-Based) Web Browser
Of course, you can also simply browse the manpages on the web. If you want to do this from the command-line, you can use a text-based web browser.
If you like, you could even define a function in .bashrc so you have a command that opens up a text-based web browser and searches for the term passed as its argument:
wman() { links2 "http://manpages.ubuntu.com/cgi-bin/search.py?q=$1"; }

For that particular function definition to work, the links2  package must be installed. It will cause the wman function to be defined automatically in each newly created interactive shell, but not in shells that were started before .bashrc was edited (you could simply run the function definition in those shells, though).
Then I can search for manual pages, and select between pages in different sections of the manual, for whichever Ubuntu release's version of the manual I like:
ek@Io:~$ wman chmod

                                            Ubuntu Manpage: Searching (p1 of 2)
                                 Ubuntu manuals

   _____________________ go

   +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |  lucid      precise    trusty     utopic     Section Description       |
   |  10.04 LTS  12.04 LTS  14.04 LTS  14.10                                |
   |  chmod(1),  chmod(1),  chmod(1),  chmod(1),  (1) - Executable          |
   |  chmod(1)   chmod(1)   chmod(1)   chmod(1)   programs or shell         |
   |                                              commands                  |
   |  chmod(2),  chmod(2),  chmod(2),  chmod(2),  (2) - System calls        |
   |  chmod(2)   chmod(2)   chmod(2)   chmod(2)   (functions provided by    |
   |                                              the kernel)               |
   |                                              (3) - Library calls       |
   |  chmod(3)   chmod(3)   chmod(3)   chmod(3)   (functions within         |
   |                                              program libraries)        |
   |      .          .          .          .      (4) - Special files       |
   |                                              (usually found in /dev)   |
   |                                              (5) - File formats and    |
   |      .          .          .          .      conventions eg            |
   |                                              /etc/passwd               |
   |      .          .          .          .      (6) - Games               |
   |                                              (7) - Miscellaneous       |
   |      .          .          .          .      (including macro          |
   |                                              packages and              |
http://manpages.ubuntu.com/


Ubuntu phone development, where to start?

It would be best to get one of the supported devices (However, it is still possible to use an emulator):

  -Galaxy Nexus
  -Nexus 4
  -Nexus 7 (2012)
  -Nexus 10

Then you can install Ubuntu Touch by following the guides here. After that, look here for guides on how to develop your first application for Ubuntu Touch.


Ubuntu is a boot option, but it's not in the boot order setup

Running this in Windows points the PC to boot into GRUB instead:

bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi


i installed google-chrome and internet worked well ---
the problem was with Firefox


How to properly modify the contents of an LVM Logical Vollume that is being use by a Virtual machine

You don't: you have to shut down the vm.  Or at the very least, make sure the vm does not have the partition mounted that you are trying to mount in the host.


Well, I gave up and simply converted all 12 sites that I'm running to use 7.2. Turns out it was easier than trying to stay on 7.1.

I updated the default 7.2 installation to contain all the components I needed (including FPM and many others), then edited each site's nginx.conf to reference 7.2 and it's all working.

Thanks!


In Short

choose ext4 as file system (it's modern and ubuntu's default) and select the hard drive you want and set it up for "/". Be aware that you should back up all your data on this disk first, since it will be deleted (formatted).

Explanation

ext 4 is modern, stable and ubuntu's default so this is a clear recommendation. Ths Sign "/" is called "root". It's basically a folder, like c:\ in Windows. As you maybe know, paths of files in linux look like this:

/home/user/Desktop/example.txt or
/bin/bash

and this is why / (only the first sign) is called root. Because every file path begins with it. It's like the main folder that kind of has no name (obviously: "/"), so it's just called root.

Choosing "/" for this hard drive means that this hard drive will contain every folder of your file system, except the ones you want to have on other hard drives. You could for example choose another hard drive and say "be my /home/ folder". This way you can split up and customize your Ubuntu to work with many hard drives or SSDs to speed up your computer for example.

Well, and to show where the "c:\" equivalent "/" should be, you have to assign it to a disk. To show where to install linux, kind of.


When "dpkg --configure -a" appears to freeze

The above combination was what worked for me.

sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock
sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/lock
sudo rm /var/cache/apt/archives/lock
cd /var/lib/dpkg/updates sudo rm *
sudo apt-get remove virtualbox-dkms

All credit goes to those that commented above.


How do you change/edit reboot command to "rebooot" (Edit pre-existing terminal commands)

You can find where most executables are using "which":

~$ which reboot

/sbin/reboot

You can make an alias using "alias":

~$ alias rbt="reboot"


No Sound with a N10/ICH 7 audio controller

general

Your soundcard should be supported according to the following website

http://www.ubuntu.com/certification/catalog/component/pci:27D8:8086-AUDIO

configuration

At the first point check if the correct device is chosen. In the following case your are able to determine the correct output device via elimination. To choose one device, you only have to click on it and maybe choose a special connector.

After that point you are able to choose how your output device should work. In your special case either "Analog Stereo Duplex" or "Analog Stereo Output" should work. Use  "Test Speakers" to check if it works.


How to ignore or delete packages that are kept back?

Try sudo apt full-upgrade.
In most circumstances where the system is working properly, this will install 'kept-back' packages.
These packages usually involve a change of the package name (which a normal upgrade cannot handle).
For example, migrating from package linux-image-extra-4.8.0-34-generic to linux-image-extra-4.8.0-37-generic involves a change of package name.


Unable to install Unity Revamped (ppa:ikarosdev/unity-revamped)

The version in PPA is 5.18.0-0ubuntu1 while the version in the official repositories is 5.18.0-0ubuntu2. That means the version in the official repositories is newer than in the PA. That's why using sudo apt-get dist-upgrade or sudo apt-get upgrade doesn't work.

You should first install the 5.18.0-0ubuntu1 version by using sudo apt-get install unity=5.18.0-0ubuntu1 then remove the newest Unity (5.18.0-0ubuntu2) by doing sudo apt-get remove unity=5.18.0-0ubuntu2


Cannot connect to server socket err = No such file or directory when using QjackCtl

how do you start jack ?

some suggestions:

run jack as user, not as root
try using qjackctl

adjust
/etc/security/limits.d/audio.conf
if required (for realtime audio only !!)

disable autospawn in /etc/pulse/client.conf
and stop pulseaudio
sudo pulseaudio --kill

if you get jack running, later you can

sudo apt-get install pulseaudio-module-jack

and re-enable pulseaudio


Unable to install any package or software

Make sure that you have the universe repository enabled.

This answer has been discussed in detail here.


I found that I needed to add this to the makefile:

QT_HOME = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qt5/

This was actually on Debian jessie, not Ubuntu.  The directory on your system may or may not be the same.  But it shouldn't be too hard to locate.


Python code to GET (not set) the current desktop wallpaper image

This should do it:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import random
from PIL import Image
from gi.repository import Gio

def get_wallpaper_uri():
    settings = Gio.Settings.new("org.gnome.desktop.background")
    uri = settings.get_string("picture-uri")
    return uri

def uri_to_path(uri):
    return uri.lstrip("file:")

def get_random_coordinates(x_max, y_max, num):
    x_values = random.sample(range(x_max), num)
    y_values = random.sample(range(y_max), num)
    return zip(x_values, y_values)

def main():
    uri = get_wallpaper_uri()
    path = uri_to_path(uri)
    image = Image.open(path)
    width, height = image.size
    coordinates = get_random_coordinates(width, height, 10)
    pixels = image.load()
    for coordinate in coordinates:
        pixel_value = pixels[coordinate]
        print(pixel_value)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()


Architecture - 32-bit handling 64-bit instructions

Use the lscpu command to check if your computer supports multiple CPU operation modes (usually either 32-bit or 64-bit mode).

From the terminal run:

lscpu | grep op-mode

Example output on a 64-bit processor:

user@computer1:~$ lscpu | grep op-mode
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit

Example output on a 32-bit processor:

user@computer2$ lscpu | grep op-mode
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit

Either Ubuntu 32-bit or Ubuntu 64-bit can be installed on the computer in the first example. Only Ubuntu 32-bit can be installed on the computer in the second example. Either Ubuntu 32-bit or Ubuntu 64-bit can be installed on the computer in the question.

A 32-bit application will run on either a 32-bit or a 64-bit operating system. A 64-bit OS will only run on a 64-bit processor. A 64-bit application will run on a 64-bit OS, and by doing some heavy lifting it may also be possible to run some 64-bit applications on a 32-bit OS. By "heavy lifting" I mean that you will need to install the 64-bit kernel1 and do other unpleasant things as well, depending on what 64-bit application(s) you are trying to install. Installing a 32-bit application in a 64-bit OS is a breeze by contrast.

⠀Summer breeze

1https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/134391/64-bit-kernel-but-all-32-bit-elf-executable-running-processes-how-is-this/134394#134394


How can I install Ubuntu in dual boot on a separate internal hard drive?

A few assumptions first... Windows is installed on /dev/sda, the first hard drive recognized by the system, and Ubuntu will be installed on /dev/sdb

Click through the first steps of the installer until you get to the disk detection step. Even if you do not want to create partitions manually select Something else, then click Continue.

Click here for a screen shot

The Advanced Partitioning Tool should be open now. You should see the disks and partitions connected to the computer. At the top of the list is sda, where WinXP is installed. You do not want to mess with that one. Any action you take here MUST be on sdb, the target disk for Ubuntu. If there are existing partitions on it, as in this example, delete them. You do that by selecting each partition and clicking Delete.

Click here for a screen shot

After all of the partitions under sdb have been deleted, select the free space and click Add.

Click here for a screen shot

The first partition you want to add is going to be mounted at /boot. This is the boot partition and early on, doesn't take up much space, but let's be a little generous to allow for growth that comes with system upgrades. A size of 500 MB is the default on most Linux distributions. The default file system is ext4. Unless you know what you are doing, there is no reason to choose any other. Click OK.

Click here for a screen shot

The second partition will be the root partition. Because resizing a non-LVM disk partition is not a trivial matter, be generous with disk allocation here, too. Pictured is about 15G, but I'd shoot for 20G, especially if you're using a second disk. It's not sharing the space with another OS so you can afford to be generous. Be sure to select / as the mount point, and stick with the default file system type. Click OK.

Click here for a screen shot

For the partition where your home directory will be located, allocate as much disk space as you can afford. Do not skimp on disk space here. More is better, utilize all remaining space. For the mount point, be sure to select /home. Click OK.

Click here for a screen shot

Lastly, create the swap partition. A good measure is to use minimally the size of your RAM, maximum double your RAM. Select swap area from the Use as dropdown menu, then click OK.

Click here for a screen shot

That should bring you back to the main disk partitioning window, where all the partitions you just created should be listed. Before clicking Install Now, you want to make sure that the Device for boot loader installation is /dev/sdb. Else the installer will be overwriting Windows’s boot programs in the Master Boot Record of sda.

Click here for a screen shot

At this point, continue installation as any other. Nothing special from here...

Source


Google Chrome opening leaves window shadow at first

This is known bug for Chromium and Firefox. They both leave this shadow.
On Chromium bugs you can find this fix, but I´m not sure if it´s gonna help:

gconftool-2 --set --type=float
/apps/compiz/plugins/decoration/allscreens/options/shadow_opacity 0.7
gconftool-2 --set --type=float
/apps/compiz/plugins/decoration/allscreens/options/shadow_radius 25.0
gconftool-2 --set --type=string
/apps/compiz/plugins/decoration/allscreens/options/shadow_color
/apps/compiz/plugins/decoration/allscreens/options/shadow_color #000000ff
gconftool-2 --set --type=int
/apps/compiz/plugins/decoration/allscreens/options/shadow_x_offset 0
gconftool-2 --set --type=int
/apps/compiz/plugins/decoration/allscreens/options/shadow_y_offset 5
gconftool-2 --set --type=string
/apps/compiz/plugins/decoration/allscreens/options/command /usr/bin/compiz-
decorator
gtk-window-decorator --replace 2>/dev/null 1>/dev/null & disown


Using the sources from Ubuntu 14 into ubuntu 12

if you ran upgrade command and no one package upgraded and you directly get error then no problem you can replace your  /etc/apt/sources.list entries with Ubuntu 12.04. generate from  here and copy and paste to your /etc/apt/sources.list file and then update

sudo apt-get update

or

if some packages upgraded then you can downgrade them but it is not sure you will get result equivalent to previous system. You can change this through pinning.

first do correct /etc/apt/sources.list with correct Ubuntu release .
then  create or edit  /etc/apt/preferences

sudo nano /etc/apt/preferences

add

Package: *
Pin: release v=12.04
Pin-Priority: 1001

save and run command

 sudo aptitude dist-upgrade

see apt preferences document

 P > 1000
           causes a version to be installed even if this constitutes a
           downgrade of the package

priority is 1001 more than 1000 so it will downgrade packages that are installed in your system.


Are you using some graphics cards (in particular, or other hardware in general) that requires propriety modules/drivers? This is most common cause of console display / no graphics in Xen domains. No device detection also indicates that proper modules for hardware are missing.


Amazon instant videos stopped working in chrome (I did install HAL) and it works in firefox

Maybe it's Chrome's bug. You could go to Chrome official community forum and ask people how to make it work around it or just wait for next version hoping that this bug will be fixed.

Good luck.