How to list Windows shares from terminal?

If you've already used Nautilus to connect to the shares you're interested in, then the mounts for those shares are available in ~/.gvfs

So I've gone to my nautilus and typed smb://192.168.1.10/data into my location bar, which has mounted the share.  Then :

scaine@GroovyTosh:~/.gvfs$ ls -al
total 20
dr-x------  3 scaine scaine     0 2010-12-31 18:47 .
drwx------ 68 scaine scaine 20480 2010-12-31 19:42 ..
drwx------  1 scaine scaine     0 2010-10-05 19:57 data on 192.168.1.10
scaine@GroovyTosh:~/.gvfs$

If you need to list available shares, then as Danny says, you use smbclient.  In my case, I use "share" security model (not recommended!), so I don't need the -U parameter :

scaine@GroovyTosh:~/.gvfs$ smbclient -L 192.168.1.10
Enter scaine's password:
Domain=[Mine] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.5.4]

    Sharename       Type      Comment
    ---------       ----      -------
    Data            Disk      Core Data
    Backups         Disk      Daily RSnapshot backups
    IPC$            IPC       IPC Service (Core)
Domain=[Mine] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.5.4]

    Server               Comment
    ---------            -------
    CORE                 Core

    Workgroup            Master
    ---------            -------
    Mine                 CORE
scaine@GroovyTosh:~/.gvfs$


For me it finally worked following these steps :

Download driver from Benq . I randomly choose the XP one 6.3.5000.1
Unzip and keep only the 20F8V119.bin file from the bin directory
Copy this file to the/usr/share/sane/snapscan/ directory of your computer
Sudo edit the /etc/sane.d/snapscan.conf file on top you will see one line like that

firmware /usr/share/sane/snapscan/your-firmwarefile.bin

change 'your-firmwarefile.bin' to be 20F8V119.bin then save.
As I play quite a lot of things at this step I had to restart my computer not so sure if needed or not.
Finally install and launch xsane scan my version is 0.998(simple scan do not work for me)

Et voilà !
Good luck


Cannot write accented chars (ex ã) in Java apps

It seems that this is caused by ibus or some bug in it. I managed to fix it by clearing XMODIFIERS envvar, ie:

XMODIFIERS="" java -jar /path/to/app.jar

For now I'm using this only in two specific Java apps, but setting this using export in .bashrc or /etc/profile should work as well.


Ubuntu recognises other partitions but does not show the contents

Open a Terminal window and type the following command:

sudo apt-get install ntfs-config

This will install a small program that lets you turn on a few things for your Windows NTFS partitions and enable you to write to them...  You will find the program in your application menu after install or in Unity by searching for NTFS.


Multiple Wireless Adapters, which is under using?

Taking the risk to totally redicule myself but : How about just unplug the usb-wifi and ifconfig to see which mac is left ? so u should know which is which.

u also may try iWconfig to get more specified nfo about ur adapters.

and finally, u may "ifconfig wlanX down" to disconnect one of the adapters and sort out which is leftover (-: (in the router eg, if acessible)

bst.regrds.me (-:


external USB drive getting mounted as ro

You can remount it rw:

umount /dev/sdc2
udisks --mount /dev/sdc2 --mount-options rw

As for why it is being mounted ro, you should consult the syslog.


Use command line to add application to gnome classic panel?

# add terminal launcher to the bar
dconf load /org/gnome/gnome-panel/layout/objects/terminal/ << EOT
[instance-config]
location='/usr/share/applications/gnome-terminal.desktop'

[/]
object-iid='PanelInternalFactory::Launcher'
pack-index=99
pack-type='end'
toplevel-id='top-panel'
EOT
dconf write /org/gnome/gnome-panel/layout/object-id-list "$(dconf read /org/gnome/gnome-panel/layout/object-id-list | sed "s/]/, 'terminal']/")"


Keyboard shortcuts involving Shift and digits

In 14.04:

Install and start CompizConfig Settings Manager (CCSM).
Activate the plugin "Put" in Window Managemnet, and edit its settings as follows.
Setup your shortcuts in "Put to arbitrary viewport -> Put On Viewport #". Keep the exclam, at, ... This will work even if these are not the correct characters for your current keyboard layout.
If you don't want the view to follow the window you just put on another viewport, go to the tab "Misc. Options" and select "Unfocus Window".

This does not explain why the shortcuts in the regular Unity Keyboard settings do not work, but it is a workaround that I am happy with.


How make a configure/makefiles from an C file?

Source building for C applications is most commonly managed with the autotools utilites, using autotools is not trivial, better check a tutorial:
http://markuskimius.wikidot.com/programming:tut:autotools


You need to set timer in grub so when it loads you can choose which OS to boot. To do so follow this steps

Open Terminal
In the terminal enter sudo gedit /etc/default/grub
Locate the line GRUB_TIMEOUT and set the value 10 for example. So it will look like this GRUB_TIMEOUT="10"
In order to see the grub menu you have to comment the following line GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0. To comment a line you should add # at the begging. So it will look like this #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
Save the file and close it.
Then update the grub config by executing command sudo update-grub
Now you should be able to see boot menu where is your Ubuntu and Windows listed.

In order to reinstall grub we are going to use tool called Boot-repair  Actual quote from Ubuntu community wiki

  Boot-Repair is a simple tool to repair frequent boot issues you may encounter in Ubuntu like when you can't boot Ubuntu after installing Windows or another Linux distribution, or when you can't boot Windows after installing Ubuntu, or when GRUB is not displayed anymore, some upgrade breaks GRUB, etc.

To repair GRUB follow these steps:

boot your computer on a Ubuntu live-CD or live-USB.
choose "Try Ubuntu"
connect internet
open a new Terminal, then type:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update
Press Enter.
Then type:

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair
Press Enter

Using Boot-Repair

Recommended repair

launch Boot-Repair from either : the Dash (the Ubuntu logo at the
top-left of the screen) or by typing 'boot-repair' in a terminal
Then click the "Recommended repair" button. When repair is finished,
note the URL (paste.ubuntu.com/XXXXX) that appeared on a paper, then
reboot and check if you recovered access to your OSs.

Hope this help to restore access to your systems.


Ubuntu and other distros get stuck on splash screen

Finally got it running using a higher version of Ubuntu distribution. The version used is Ubuntu 16.10 (Yakkety Yak).

I guess the problem was that my hardware wasn't supported yet in lower versions.

It seems that conflictive hardware could be:

Lastest Intel processors (Skylake)
Hight performance graphic cards (Mine is GTX 970M)
NVMe and newer PCIe components.


If you want to transparently redirect packets arriving to port 5060/udp
to port 56790/udp, then you need two iptables rules for that: one for
incoming packets, and one to map reply packets (which have source port 56790)
back to remote destination port 5060:

sudo iptables -A PREROUTING -p udp -m udp --dport 5060 -j DNAT --to-destination :56790
sudo iptables -A POSTROUTING -p udp -m udp --sport 56790 -j SNAT --to-source :5060

Conversely, to redirect outgoing packets (originating from port 5060 and intended for port 5060) to port 56789, you swap the port numbers:

sudo iptables -A PREROUTING -p udp -m udp --dport 57689 -j DNAT --to-destination :5060
sudo iptables -A POSTROUTING -p udp -m udp --sport 5060 -j SNAT --to-source :56789


Unity dash does not get keyboard focus first time

Unless you think this is a configurable feature and wonder how to disable the bug, you should file bugs on Launchpad.net. This site is meant for questions and answers and your question is quite clearly more of a bug report than a question.

Since you're talking about keyboard focus, I guess maybe you're talking about the Dash and not the Launcher. The launcher is the strip of icons on the left side of your screen. The Dash is the one where you search for files, apps, music, etc. (In order to help you file a bug). Please provide as much details in the report as possible.


How can I change power options to make my system "always on"?

You can change lock behavior from "Brightness and Lock" settings. Just click the lock slider to turn it off:


Touchpad recognized, but cursor not moving

I fixed it by typing fn + f7. (icon shows hand on rectangle)


If you meant to hide the entire bar...

according to lifehacker and howToGeek, you can do this but running the command:

sudo apt-get autoremove appmenu-gtk appmenu-gtk3 appmenu-qt

in ubuntu 11.04 and 11.10

After this you may need to restart your system to see affects...

Not sure if this is the same for all versions of ubuntu.

What version are you running?

p.s. if this breaks something you can, according again to howtogeek, revert this remove by running:

sudo apt-get install appmenu-gtk appmenu-gtk3 appmenu-qt

Hope that helps!

J


Can't mount another server in crontab with 16.04

The cron program runs in a very limited environment - you can see that for example if you create a crontab containing

* * * * * /usr/bin/printenv > /tmp/cronenv

and then look at the resulting file:

$ cat /tmp/cronenv
LANGUAGE=en_CA:en
HOME=/home/steeldriver
LOGNAME=steeldriver
PATH=/usr/bin:/bin
LANG=en_CA.UTF-8
SHELL=/bin/sh
PWD=/home/steeldriver

The same applies to root crontabs (i.e. jobs submitted using sudo crontab -e):

LANGUAGE=en_CA:en
HOME=/root
LOGNAME=root
PATH=/usr/bin:/bin
LANG=en_CA.UTF-8
SHELL=/bin/sh
PWD=/root

In particular, the default PATH only contains /bin and /usr/bin; that would be fine for mount:

$ which mount
/bin/mount

however that won't work for mount.cifs for example, since it's in /usr/sbin:

$ which mount.cifs
/sbin/mount.cifs

The solution is either:

always use the full absolute path for executable programs in scripts to be run as cron jobs; e.g.

/usr/sbin/mount.cifs //192.168.1.200/share /media/SVR1 -o user=username,pass=pwd | tee -a ${LOGFILE}

or

add a suitable PATH assignment at the top of such scripts e.g.

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

NOTE: Jobs run from the system /etc/cron.d directory have a more extensive path set explicitly in /etc/crontab:

SHELL=/bin/sh
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin


I would not recommend using the WUBI installer in Windows 8, I have had issues with the equivalent in Linux Mint. To install from a Live USB/DVD use these steps:

Download an ISO from this page (64 bit or 32 bit depending on your flavor)
Download a ISO burning program I recommend UNetbootin or Rufus. Instructions for use can be found on both of their websites.
Burn the ISO to a USB medium or DVD using whatever program you wish.
BACK UP EVERYTHING!!! These methods work well.
Restart your computer and enter the BIOS by pressing the "System Setup" (or something along those lines) key. It is usually [DEL], [F2], or [F12] but it will say on your screen as your computer boots.
Under the "BOOT" section, change the boot order of your PC to prioritize your USB/DVD. Ensure that fast boot is turned off. If you can't find anything that talks about it, then it is already turned off. Exit the BIOS saving changes.
You will now boot onto your USB/DVD. Follow onscreen instructions from their. Should you wish to erase everything and install only Ubuntu select that option. Should you wish to Dual-boot between Windows 8 and Ubuntu, select "Something Else" and follow these instructions. Should you wish to try Ubuntu without installing, select that option (Recommended).
Have fun, let me know if you have errors/problems/questions.


Can Ubuntu open and run Microsoft Word files?

To be frank there's a lot of issues with .doc and .docx formats in LibreOffice. If your MS Office files are simple text files, it won't give you trouble. But if it contains images, specially the .docx files, you might have a frustrating experience with LibreOffice.

You can do all the things in LibreOffice that you do in MS Office. But first thing is you need to get rid of doc/docx file formats. Open Document Tex (.odt) is the default file format in LibreOffice and it is great. It even works with MS Office.

However, if you want to stick to the doc/docx file format, you can even install MS Office in ubuntu. There's a provision for that.


Looking for an application for the start-up phase of romance writing


That particular piece of code is located in ~/.profile, which by default looks like this:

$ cat /etc/skel/.profile
# ~/.profile: executed by the command interpreter for login shells.
# This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login
# exists.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files for examples.
# the files are located in the bash-doc package.

# the default umask is set in /etc/profile; for setting the umask
# for ssh logins, install and configure the libpam-umask package.
#umask 022

# if running bash
if [ -n "$BASH_VERSION" ]; then
    # include .bashrc if it exists
    if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ]; then
    . "$HOME/.bashrc"
    fi
fi

# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists
if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH"
fi


Numbers not displaying correctly in Chromium

Uninstalling and reinstalling an application won't normally delete the personal configurations and plugins a user has inadvertently installed.  The new version or fresh install will load the configuration which in your case may be corrupted.

Completely remove all configurations from Chromium from your configuration file with these commands:

$ cd ~/.config
$ mv chromium chromium.bak

After that step, you'll no longer have any of your previous settings, saved password, or plugin when you start chromium.  It'll create a new ~/.config/chromium folder.

You can then systematically configure the new Chromium environment being careful with which extensions or configurations to activate.

To switch back to your previous Chromium environment, rename your new chromium chromium.new and the backup (chromium.bak) to chromium.

If you have signed into chromium, most of your settings will be automatically brought to the new install.  If that happens, systematically uninstall or disable all your plugins and extensions from the signed in environment.


Shutting down the PC from Java application

To avoid that sudo asks for a password, edit the sudoers file with visudo:

sudo visudo -f /etc/sudoers.d/shutdown

This will create a new file in the directory /etc/sudoers.d/ which will be included, leaving your original sudoers file intact.

If your user is called myuser and your host is called myhost you could add these lines

myuser myhost = (root) NOPASSWD: /sbin/shutdown
myuser myhost = (root) NOPASSWD: /sbin/reboot

Save your changes and try it out.

Also, you shouldn't do e.printStackTrace() but use a logger.


Can I copy a machine from VirtualBox so that I can use it on another machine?

You have 3 options

Use the Import/Export utility
Copy the entire VM folder, containing the .vdi and .vbox files
Clone the VDI using Virtual Media Manager and then recreate a VM on the target machine but using the cloned VDI as the hard disk.

The first option is the easiest because it combines the whole VM into a single file and transfers it over without issue pretty much every time.
To do that, just click on File => Export Appliance  you will get a dialog-box like this

And then, follow the steps on the screen.
Good Luck :-)


problem with D-Link DUB-E100 usb to ethernet adapter

I don't know if you still need it but I had the same problem with kernel 3.2.30. I recompiled the asix drivers 4.6.0 and loaded the modules asix, usbnet and cdc_ether and it works perfectly.


Measuring the time of an interactive command called from a script

Which time are you using? The Bash builtin or the one in /usr/bin/time? If you use /usr/bin/time (and read man time) you'll find that you can log the output to a file, format the output any way you like, .... The Bash builtin time is much less capable.


How do I get my folders back on my desktop?

install "Advanced Settings" from Ubuntu Software Center (if it's not installed already)
search for "Advanced Settings" in the Dash and click on it
in the first option, "Desktop", turn on "Have file manager handle the desktop"

Your folder icons should return to your desktop screen.

(vote up if this works for you)


Make Ubuntu Bootable USB UEFI Compatible

I haven't tested this but it should work. First, you have to prepare the USB drive:

Install and launch GParted on the running OS from the USB.
Shrink a partition to make a 200 - 400 MB space at the end (or the beginning, but not in the middle of the drive). Make a new primary partition in that space and format it as FAT32.
Put the esp flag on it using GParted.
Mount it using terminal.

To make it EFI bootable:

Install package grub-efi-amd64-bin.
Run sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi /dev/sdaX where X is the number of the FAT32 ESP partition you created earlier.
Run sudo update-grub. It should detect and add Ubuntu to the boot menu.
Check the ESP partition. You should find a file at /efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi. Copy and rename this file in a boot folder so that you get /efi/boot/bootx64.efi.
Shut down, plug USB in UEFI computer and boot.

Disclaimer: it should work. I haven't tested it personally.


How to boot Ubuntu on a mac from external USB storage?

Well, I spent a second whole day on it and now I've cracked it.

I sincerely hope some other poor soul gets some value out of this.

Here's a recipe that works (at least, on my iMac with Ubuntu 14.04):

Boot with bootable USB, install Ubuntu
Partition your USB as follows:

200MB EFI boot partition
200MB ext2, mount to /boot
Swap space if you want it
One or more other partitions to hold Ubuntu proper (e. g. ext4 on /)

Complete the install, reboot to OS X
Get gdisk (pkg installer for OS X) and rEFInd binaries
execute "diskutil list" from the console and note the device name, and the EFI partition (e. g. /dev/disk3, /dev/disk3s1)
Follow the gdisk recipe at http://www.rodsbooks.com/ubuntu-efi/ under "Fixing the installation" point 6
Install rEFInd on your USB's EFI partition. From the refind directory:

./refind-install -–usedefault /dev/disk3s1

(you can drag the file into command prompt to get full path)

Then when you reboot, you can "EFI Boot" to rEFInd, and there should be an option to boot GRUB/linux.

I have documented this in more detail here: http://coljac.net/2014/stuff/installing-ubuntu-onto-a-bootable-usb-stick-or-other-device-on-a-mac/


How can I change a folder's icon by using a script?

Something similar was discussed here. I guess, according to the thread, you could use gvfs-set-attribute to change the icons and using a for loop you could make your script shorter by iterating over your standard folder names and icon locations.


Restore backup of WinEFI or UEFI (not sure) that boot-repair made

To undo & to rename files to their original names, you just need to tick the "Restore EFI backups" option of Boot-Repair.

I also suggest a full backup of your efi partition.

It looks like boot repair ran its "buggy" UEFI rename function. I am not sure it is always required, but it is for those UEFI that internally hard code UEFI to only boot the Windows efi file. So Boot-Repair renames the Windows file and makes grub2's shim be the Windows file. The UEFI thinks it is booting Windows but is really booting grub2 and then from grub2 menu you can boot Windows.

Then renamed /EFI/microsoft/boot/shimx64.efi to bootmgfw.efi
Actual Windows boot file, originally bootmgfw.efi.
/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bkpbootmgfw.efi

With the renamed file you cannot directly boot Windows from UEFI menu as it really is shim.  So that is why both UEFI entries boot grub. If you can directly boot Ubuntu entry you do not need the rename.

You can also manually rename files by changing the bkpbootmgfw.efi back to its bootmgfw.efi name.

And you should have another copy:
Windows UEFI install should  have backup of bootmgfw.efi here:
C:\Windows\Boot\EFI\bootmgfw.efi from a working Windows x86_64 installation.


Open sofware sources. click on Updates tab and then in release upgrade select Normal release release

Thrn enter this into terminal and see what you get
sudo do-release-upgrade -m desktop -f kde -d


I found the problem. I'M using xfce4-panel and I was added Indicator Plugin. Indicator Plugin is capturing menu of current program. It is capturing but not showing. I removed the Indicator Plugin from xfce4-panel and problem is gone.


How do I change which application opens xml documents by default?

If you click a link in a browser, it is the browser which decides what program to use. In Firefox, thatcan be changed on the "applications" tab in the Preferences.

Clicking a .xml file name in the Files manager or on the desktop should launch the default program. To change that, right-click on a .xml file, choose Properties, and click the "Open with" tab.


Ubuntu doesn't start on GIGABYTE Z270 motherboard

I had the same issue with ASUS PRIME Z270-AR and Core i7 7700K.
I switched to 16.10 and it installed without issue.


What is a user-friendly way to log off other users?

I don't know of any place where this is plumbed through to the GUI.

sudo pkill -u <username>

is really the simple way to do it, followed by

sudo pkill -KILL -u <username>

a bit later if it doesn't all shut down like it should.  If the "non-technical" user in question isn't capable of remembering that, a script to prompt for a username and then run those commands would be about five lines of code and could have a link to it placed somewhere convenient.


Ubuntu18 server combining snap install of rocketchat and nextcloud

This question gave me the hint on how to do and I came to the following config file for an apache reverse proxy:

nextcloud.conf:

LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so

<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
<VirtualHost _default_:443>
        ServerName nextcloud.example.com

        SSLProxyEngine On
        SSLProxyVerify none
        SSLProxyCheckPeerCN off
        SSLProxyCheckPeerName off
        SSLProxyCheckPeerExpire off

        SSLCertificateFile /var/snap/nextcloud/current/certs/live/fullchain.pem
        SSLCertificateKeyFile /var/snap/nextcloud/current/certs/live/privkey.pem

        Proxypass / https://localhost:44300/
        ProxypassReverse / https://localhost:44300/
</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>

rocketchat.conf:

<VirtualHost _default_:443>
        ServerName rocketchat.example.com

        SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/chat.ljp.upmc.fr/fullchain.pem
        SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/chat.ljp.upmc.fr/privkey.pem

        <Location />
                Order allow,deny
                Allow from all
        </Location>

        RewriteEngine On
        RewriteCond %{HTTP:Upgrade} =websocket [NC]
        RewriteRule /(.*)           ws://localhost:3000/$1 [P,L]
        RewriteCond %{HTTP:Upgrade} !=websocket [NC]
        RewriteRule /(.*)           http://localhost:3000/$1 [P,L]

        ProxyPassReverse / http://localhost:3000/

</VirtualHost>


This problem seems to be related to VBoxClient process being stuck, simply looking this from process list and ending the process seems to work as a fix.

For me killing instances ran with --draganddrop parameter restored the functionality of that area.

You can open terminal using keyboard combination of ctrl+alt+t, and type:

ps aux www | grep VBoxClient --

to look for the process ID (PID)
then kill it with

kill -9 PID

Alternatively pkill VBoxClient might do the trick.

After this to restore drag and drop support you can run

VBoxClient-all

For reference here is xwininfo of the un-clickable area:

  xwininfo: Window id: 0x1200001 "VBoxClientWndDnD"

  Absolute upper-left X:  0
  Absolute upper-left Y:  0
  Relative upper-left X:  0
  Relative upper-left Y:  0
  Width: 800
  Height: 600
  Depth: 0
  Visual: 0x21
  Visual Class: TrueColor
  Border width: 0
  Class: InputOnly
  Colormap: 0x0 (not installed)
  Bit Gravity State: ForgetGravity
  Window Gravity State: NorthWestGravity
  Backing Store State: NotUseful
  Save Under State: no
  Map State: IsViewable
  Override Redirect State: yes
  Corners:  +0+0  -1120+0  -1120-375  +0-375
  -geometry 800x600+0+0


Ubuntu 12.04 update + VirtualBox VM 4.1.14 r77440 - No input

Have you sanity checked all the basic Virtual Machine configuration settings? That is, try to set the VirtualBox VM settings to something, well, simple?

In General ensure that the Operating System is Linux and Version is Ubuntu or Ubunt-64 as appropriate.
In System use PIIX3 as the chipset. Do not enable EFI.
In Display, only 1 display, naturally. Turn both 3D & 2D accerleration off. I have no idea what to advise on the size of video memory. So, 32 MB? (Seems like way more than adequate, so why not?)
In Audio I always have to use "ICH 97" or I get no sound in Ubuntu. (I have no idea why "Intel HD Audio" om VirtualBox does not work for Ubuntu. I keep intending to ask about that.)

Just as an attempt to see if you can get into any kind of a usable terminal mode, have you tried booting into single user mode?

Select (highlight) the GRUB boot menu entry you wish to use.
Press e to edit the GRUB boot commands for the selected boot menu entry.
Add the kernel boot option single after ro  quiet splash on the line near the bottom.
Press either Ctrl+X or F10 to boot using
these kernel options.

If you can successfully boot into single user mode, you can then both install the VirtualBox Guest Additions and apply any current 12.04 updates.  I suggest that you try doing this.

Begin by installing dkms using

apt-get update
apt-get install dkms

I recommend this for two reasons:

Oracle recommends doing this in the Installing the Linux Guest Additions section of their VB manual.
I personally have had problems installing the Guest Additions in a VB VM when I did not install dkms. ;-)

Attach the Guest Additions image file to the CD drive of your virtual machine. On my MacBook this image is located at:

/Applications/VirtualBox.app/Contents/MacOS/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso

Note: Pressing Shift+⌘+G will open a Go To The Folder window in Finder into which you can enter the full path name for the image file.
Mount the your virtual machine's (virtual) CD device:

mkdir /media/VbAdditionsCD
mount /dev/cdrom /media/VbAdditionsCD

Run the Guest Additions install:

/media/VbAdditionsCD/VBoxLinuxAdditions.run

I would also recommend applying any other current 12.04 updates with:

apt-get upgrade
apt-get dist-upgrade

(It may not help but it is worth a try, no?)
Reboot and let us know what happens

reboot now

Note: sudo is not required for the commands listed above because when you use single user mode you are root (Mentioning this just in case someone is curious).

Have you looked at any of the logs? Can you can boot the VM from a Live CD? If so, have a look at the VM's /var/log/syslog.

It also occurs to me that since this is happening inside a VirtualBox VM you (also) should look at the logs for the virtual machine to see if anything "pops out" at you.

You could also cut and paste the text of the log into a pastebin, paste.ubuntu.com for example, and then add the link to the pastebin to your question.


What are the alternatives to OS X's Spotlight?

Unity Dash
From 11.04 to 17.04 (Unity), Ubuntu had an even better solution built in: The Dash!

With the dash you can do all kind of cool stuff, such as:

Search through your files
Find installed and available applications
Run commands
There will be many more features in the future, as the dash is extendible through so called "lenses". These will allow you, for example, search Ask Ubuntu right from your desktop.

Just hit Super to open it in 11.04!
For more information, check out this link.


How to permanently save controller input settings on higan emulator?

You do not need root privileges to save settings of higan.
The configuration file (settings.bml) should be located in the folder ~/.config/higan (this is the same as /home/<username>/.config/higan).
Check the permissions of this folder if higan is not able to save its settings.
You should be the owner of the folder and the file(s) in it.


Why doesn't the `time` command work with any option?

Well, even if you don't like it, I will put you to read again with more attention man time. At the end of EXAMPLES section you will find:

  Users of the bash shell need to use an explicit path in order to run
  the external time command and not the shell builtin variant.  On system
  where time is installed in /usr/bin, the first example would become
       /usr/bin/time wc /etc/hosts

So, I'm assuming that you use bash shell which uses an internal version of time, provided as a shell keyword. You can check this using the following command:

type time

and the output will probably be:

time is a shell keyword

If this is the case, then is clear, to use the real time command, you must to use its explicit path: /usr/bin/time.

Further, if you don't want to use anymore the shell keyword time, you can create a permanent alias as follow:

alias time='/usr/bin/time'

This will overwrite the shell keyword time because the command:

type time

will give the following output now:

time is aliased to `/usr/bin/time'


vlc depends on vlc-nox which installs the vlc command that you see. Remove it specifically, or use autoremove:

apt-get autoremove
# or
apt-get remove vlc-nox


How can I copy all pdfs from folders and sub folders?

To move all pdf's from a single folder to another folder:

mv *.pdf /some/other/folder

To move all pdf's from multiple folders to another folder

find /home/user -name '*.pdf' -exec mv -t /some/other/folder {} +

More information on find and mv can be found from man:

man find
man mv


Flatpak commands hang / freeze for 5-10 minutes before completing

Finally solve the problem. My home PC uses an old server motherboard Intel S1200BTSR with 2 NICs. Disabling the unused one solves both boot time and flatpak problems. Strangely enough, my work PC which uses a somewhat newer board S1200V3RPS does not suffer from the issue with both NICs enabled.

Now Ubuntu boots normally, with kernel boot time reduced from 93s to blazing 1.7s. I used to have elementary OS with even worse boot time, but I think it should be fixed together with Ubuntu.

After a week of usage, I have to say Ubuntu (and Linux in general) has a long way to catch up with Windows in term of performance and user-friendliness. Gaming performance is worse if CPU is the bottleneck. And you cannot expect casual users to solve a lot of problems and workaround with bugs like that.


How to undo the installation of backport-iwlwifi?

Use cd backport-iwlwifi && make uninstall Many well-behaved Makefiles have an uninstall target.


Boot from the Ubuntu installation media and select Try Ubuntu without installing, once on the Ubuntu Live desktop open GParted from the dash. Click on Device on the top menu. Now click on Create Partition Table. Select gpt when you have an UEFI based BIOS. Select msdos when you have legacy (Master Boot Record) based BIOS. Click Partition -> New to create one or more partitions. Here you find a presentation I made to see how it works -> gparted-create-partitions.


Mouse raises the wrong window after switching windows with keys

I have now upgraded do Oneiric Ocelot. The problem is no more. I cannot remember having changed any bit of configuration, so I assume it was in the update. For the time being, the solution is upgrading.


Touchpad not working after installing UBUNTU 13.04 on HP sleekbook

I also have an HP sleekbook, but with Ubuntu 14.04 and the touchpad can be used (though its configuration takes time). Perhaps you should first boot Windows, make sure the touchpad is active and reboot Ubuntu. Then try to type in a terminal Ctrl+Alt+T

synclient -l | grep TouchPadOff".

If the result is:

TouchpadOff             = 1

type

synclient TouchPadOff=0

and try moving the cursor with the touchpad.


Sometimes the cursor is invisible,but it still operates

I've had this issue too when running:

  gterm (locally) -> ssh -> screen (remotely) -> bash

In some of the screen windows, the cursor worked fine in others it was blank.  I could use SCREEN_COMMAND+ESC+7 to get the cursor to blink but then it would stop when I typed in the window.  I ended up exiting that bash session and restarting it.  Most likely a screen issue.


copy files to Nexus 4 on Kubuntu (13.04)

You have hit a quirk in the fuse mount point. You should try to unmount, run fsck or reboot the system.

sudo fsck /media/nexus4
sudo umount /media/nexus4

If it still doesn't unmount, then reboot the system. Once you have unmount the filesystem, mount the device again.


The 3D in VBox is not enough to run Unity 3D.

Most Virtual Boxes have very poor support for 3D, at least the more advanced aspects like transparency and the like. I use VMWare Workstation and it has no issues. I never managed to get VBox's 3D working sufficiently to even run a simple game like Minecraft.


Storing files and folders inside 'C:/Users/UserProfile' and accessing from Ubuntu from second hard drive

What you can do is to boot live USB, and partition your 500 GB HHD to have an ext4 partition, say of 250 GB in size, and leave the other 250 GB for Windows 8. Once done, boot into Ubuntu normally, and find out the UUID of the partition that you created. For that , use sudo blkid, or sudo blkid | awk '/ext4/ {print }'.  Once you know it, edit /etc/fstab to be mounted on each boot; use this as reference

Thus your files will be stored on that other hard drive, and under filesystem that linux understands, which should help you avoid any trouble. Something similar is done when moving home onto separate partition


What is the easiest NAS setup to back up an Ubuntu machine?

The standard "Backups" program in Ubuntu will do just fine.  It is based on Deja-Dup. It should work with any NAS, since they almost all offer one kind of a networked file system or another (Samba typically, sometimes NFS). I'll start with the assumption of having a NAS that can do Samba.

If you have that, you just point Backups to that share and you're done.  (Screenshots are 14.04LTS, because I'm too lazy to boot up my desktop which has 16.04LTS).

Then you fill in the required information.

I have a fileserver (that would be your NAS), which is called tiger.  I want to use the share "jorg" on that server.  On that share, the backup needs to reside in the folder named "backup-sanddevil".  Hence: jorg\backup-sanddevil. Obviously, you need to create this folder on the NAS.  The "Domain Name" is the Windows domain, and is usually useless, but do enter it if you know it.  On home networks it is often "WORKGROUP".

For testing, go to "Overview" and click backup now. Follow the instructions, and the backup will start.

Once you are satisfied, toggle the switch in the top right corner to activate backups to be done automatically.  Explore the settings and adapt to your needs (weekly backups, daily backups, etc...)

Little addendum:
The NAS you linked to in your question can be both connected using USB and over Network.  I cannot know how you are using it.  I assumed it would be on your network, because that's what the "N" stands for in "NAS": "Network Attached Storage".

If you have attached it as USB, it presents itself as nothing more than a USB hard disk.  Mac OS X Time machine is easiest to use that way, and so I halfway guess you're using it that way. To backup Mac OS X to Network, you need a "Time Capsule".  It might be that this NAS does support that functionality.  The specs hint to it.  Building a Time Capsule is possible using Linux, and I have done so for my wifes iMac.  That, however, goes beyond the scope of your question.

Never mind the addendum.  It looks like the USB are for "expansion" only.  This is a pure network NAS.


Installing Ubuntu 13.10 on HP Mini... freezing at (initramfs)

This is a known bug in 13.10 see launchpad issue. People have posted some solutions there like: removing hard disks physically or recreating SYSLINUX.CFG


Ubuntu 20.04 LTS running slow on my hardware

Resolved.
Arc-Darkest-COLORS Icon-Superpack was the reason my system was running slow, after
removing the icon set my Ubuntu OS is running smooth again. Shame, it was a really nice icon set lol


Part of shell script not getting executed

You need to add the ampersand(&) to the end of the first line in your script, or use nohup.

This trailing ampersand directs the shell to run the command in the background, that is, it is forked and run in a separate sub-shell, as a job, asynchronously. The shell will immediately return the return status of 0 for true and continue as normal, either processing further commands in a script or returning the cursor focus back to the user in a Linux terminal.

nohup catches the hangup signal  while the ampersand doesn't ,this means when running a command using & and exiting the shell afterwards, the shell will terminate the sub-command with the hangup signal kill -SIGHUP PID, while nohup catches the signal and ignores it.

So now your script would look like:

firefox -new-tab -url google.com -new-tab -url yahoo.com &
clear
cd /opt/lampp
sudo ./lampp start
cat somefile

As the OP said the last version(used nohup):

nohup firefox -new-tab -url google.com -new-tab -url yahoo.com  & 2>/dev/null
clear
cd /opt/lampp
sudo ./lampp start
cat somefile


As Karel suggested you can use touch to create the file and other commands to populate it:

Now Assuming you have created a file as follows: touch path/to/file we can use the following methods to populate it:

printf "Hello world\nNow a new line" >> path/to/file

or

echo "Hello world\nNow a new line " >> path/to/file

you can use >> to append to the file or > to replace everything in the file with new content.


You can use Disks. It's installed by default and easy to use.

Click on the Dash icon
Search for "Disks"
Click on Disks

The application will show up:

1st: Choose the USB flash drive
2nd: Click on the "gear" icon and choose "Format"

This little window will appear, just choose the option you want and click on Format:


How to delete new kernel & to go back in old one?

You should try searching around and finding out if there is a kernel that is known to work with your Wireless Card. If not, you can always use your older kernel one of two ways:

Boot into older kernel. Depending on how your kernel was installed, you might be able to boot into your old one by holding down Shift as the computer boots, bringing up the Grub Boot menu. On this menu, there might be an option entitled "Previous Linux Versions" and inside that menu, you might find your 3.2.0-24 kernel as an option. If not, read on...
Find a new kernel. If you can find a kernel that is confirmed working or even just a newer one to try out, you can try installing it from a downloaded DEB file. These can be found at the Ubuntu Packages Repository. The procedure for installing a kernel from downloaded DEB is well explained here

Hope that helps...


Boot from flash drive stuck on first screen

That is od..I assume you are on Windows 8, try to boot to BIOS and disable System Protection. I have a feeling I experienced something similar when switching from Win8 to Ubuntu. Post back please, I'm wondering if my assumption was correct ;)

Best regards!


Giving owner permissions to www-data: is it a security risk?

So, is making www-data the owner of /var/www/html/ a security issue?

No. You can also use "group" www-data.
But this is ...

chmod -R 755 /var/www/html

Generally you need 2 commands: 1 for directories and 1 for files.
Setting every file to executable is bad. You should use this:
find /var/www/html -type d -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 750
find /var/www/html -type f -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 640

execute permissions for directory.
read permissions for files.
No permissions for others (if there is a flaw in the design of the website this is what will alarm you with errors in access.log).

If you really need your script to be executed you set THAT script itself and not the whole website.
You can also use php-cli (or php-cgi if it is cgi) to execute a php script from command line without the need to set the script itself executable.


Yes, with TLP you can scale you CPU frequency (Look at this post: TLP don't change CPU frequency). You can specify to reduce the CPU frequency.

CPU_SCALING_GOVERNOR_ON_AC=powersave
CPU_SCALING_GOVERNOR_ON_BAT=powersave

More info here: http://linrunner.de/en/tlp/docs/tlp-configuration.html

However I found another article about CPU limiting

http://blog.scoutapp.com/articles/2014/11/04/restricting-process-cpu-usage-using-nice-cpulimit-and-cgroups

Although, it isn't about limit CPU frequency, you could reduce your CPU load/consumption with an application like cpulimit (https://github.com/opsengine/cpulimit)

Hope this helps.


WiFi not working on HP 430 Probook with Intel 8260 WiFi hardware

14.04 is too old for this very new device. To upgrade your WiFi drivers without upgrading all your system, you can try installing Core13 from:

https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/drivers/iwlwifi/core_release


How often is the password asked for sudo commands? Where can I set it up?

The default timeout of sudo is 15 minutes; that is, sudo will remember your password for 15 minutes by default.

You can modify this default timeout by adding a string in the file /etc/sudoers. However, you don't modify the file directly, but instead you use the command sudo visudo.

So, type sudo visudo in a terminal. This will open up the (actually, a temporary) file for us to edit, using your preferred editor.

  Note: if you are using visudo for the first time, you should be asked which editor you would like to use, so choose your editor. There's no "better" editor, but I prefer nano. If you've already used visudo and chose an editor before, but you want to use another editor for the time being, you can do sudo EDITOR=vi visudo to use vi, or change it to nano to use nano. If you want to permanently change your preferred editor, do sudo update-alternatives --config editor.

Look for this line:

Defaults    env_reset

And add timestamp_timeout=X (with a comma) at the end of it, where X is the time you want to set in minutes.

So your line should look like this, as an example:

Defaults    env_reset,timestamp_timeout=5

If you specify 0, you will always be asked the password. If you specify a negative value, the timeout will never expire.

Once done, save and exit.

Source: RootSudoTimeout


You need to remove the symlinks created in /usr/bin/code and /usr/share/code.

You don't need to add new symlinks in WSL to make code run: VSCode installs a code.sh file in its folder that's accessible on your path since we append the Windows path to your Linux path in WSL.


This site is from Canon Australia and it has both scan and print drivers for Canon MG6300 series printers. For Ubuntu choose the Debian drivers.

MG6360 printer driver download page - Australia

MG6340 printer driver download page - UK

It has been my experience that Canon USA doesn't support Linux, but often you can find suitable Linux drivers at other Canon locations.


how to install Wifi and Bluetooth drivers in ubuntu 12.04 lts

Wifi :

Driver can be installed as running followings :

sudo apt-get install collectd-core collectd-dev collectd-dbg collectd-utils

Then Install the network Manager for the wifi connectons - Wicd

(You can run with Network Manager. But for channel selection and many other features can be done with Wicd)

sudo apt-get install wicd-gtk wicd wicd-daemon wicd-curses wicd-cli

Bluetooth :

Drivers for the bluetooth devices can be installed with :

sudo apt-get install bluez bluez-alsa bluez-audio bluez-btsco bluez-compat bluez-cups bluez-dbg bluez-gstreamer bluez-hcidump bluez-pcmcia-support bluez-tools bluez-utils python-bluez bluewho indicator-bluetooth libbluetooth-dev  libgnome-bluetooth11 libbluetooth3


The Difference between Windows Installer (WUBI) and Live CD/USB Installing?

The Windows installer I only used it once. I believe it is designed to run in Windows and let you demo Ubuntu, or install it beside Windows, giving you a dual boot with Windows boot manager in control by default.  I don't think it lets you install Ubuntu overtop of Windows.

The live CD/USB install has two versions.  The regular version is a user friendly installer with a graphical interface, kind of like the Windows installer disk.

The alternate CD/USB installer, which ends the name of the file with 'alternate.iso' is a technical installer, with advanced features available.  I recommend you download, and prepare both images on disk, in case the standard, graphical installer ever fails you, or you need the advanced features available only on the alternate version, such as improved partition management, which is the only feature I've ever needed it for.

If you want to dual boot Windows and Ubuntu, use the WUBI installer.

If you use the Live CD/USB (or alternate installer) you can reformat your hard drive and install Ubuntu alone, or manage your partitions and dual boot.


Is there a program that can loop a youtube video?

You could create an HTML document and then just open it when you want this. Open your favorite editor and paste these contents into it. Save it anywhere, and then double-click the saved file to open in a Web browser.

<html>
<head>
    <title>Music</title>
</head>
<body>
    <embed
        src="http://www.youtube.com/v/pmfHHLfbjNQ?autoplay=1&loop=1"
        type="application/x-shockwave-flash"
        wmode="transparent"
        width="425"
        height="350">
    </embed>
</body>
</html>

Or just paste this in a browser and make a bookmark.

http://www.youtube.com/v/pmfHHLfbjNQ?autoplay=1&loop=1


I recently found two new software for that, G'MIC Montage and PhotoCollage.


Headphones always detected (plugged in) and no sound after BIOS reset itself

I had the same problem and here is how to solve it (I hope :p) :
Edit the config file of tlp at /etc/default/tlp (I hope it's the same for ubuntu) and check the following values :

SOUND_POWER_SAVE_ON_AC = 1 [this might be zero by default]
SOUND_POWER_SAVE_ON_BAT = 1
SOUND_POWER_SAVE_CONTROLLER = Y
RUNTIME_PM_ON_AC = auto [this one is disabled by default]

This solution was discovered by Toolfox, go to see the original thread here


Still relevant even for 16.10. Should work also in 16.04 (tested) and (I believe) for 15.04 and 15.10 (but didn't test).

It seems that we have mediatek-MT7612U in our device, but official driver (from official Mediatek website) doesn't even build.

However there is brilliant repository with driver for another device with the same chip:

repo for Netgear-A6210

Cloning and building this code made the trick. I also had to reboot my system after installing.

git clone https://github.com/jurobystricky/Netgear-A6210
cd Netgear-A6210
make
sudo make install


How to uninstall Facebook Messenger from Ubuntu 14.04?

Remove the package "fbmessenger" from the Software Center or run:

sudo apt-get remove fbmessenger


i also have the same problem over the past 2 weeks, installing burg in the  place of grub2 will help you out, here is a link about burg along with install and use instructions


How can I make two graphic cards NVIDIA work at same time with 4 screens?

Converting my original comment to an answer since it appears to have helped (and adding a few more details).
You asked for advice on how to proceed; I see a few possible approaches to your problem.
1. Run two different versions of the Nvidia drivers simultaneously
I am no expert here, but my feeling is that this would be tricky at the least (requiring self-written configs in /etc/X11/xorg.conf and such to invoke the right driver for the right devices), if not impossible (there may be conflicts between these two drivers behind the scenes that are unsolvable without modifying the drivers' sources, and the Nvidia drivers are closed source).
Given that the older version of the driver (version 340) does not run with newer kernels anyway, and you likely don't want to be stuck with an old kernel in the long run, this approach seems to be not only very complicated, but also not very future-oriented. I would not try to explore this unless I have absolutely no other option.
2. Get the Nouveau drivers to run smoothly
Since you said that your four screens are running smoothly on a live system (from a USB stick), and the live system uses the open source Nouveau drivers, it appears that it is at least possible to make the Nouveau drivers run smoothly, even though they do not run smoothly on your installed system.
I would thus investigate the differences between the live system and the installed system:

Which version of the Nouveau drivers do these two systems use?
Are there configuration differences between the used drivers, e.g., in Xorg.conf (cf. https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/MultiMonitorDesktop)?
Which kernel versions are these two systems runnning?
Can you find any relevant differences in the log messages (e.g., /var/log/Xorg.0.log)?
etc.

Reducing those differences may very well lead you to the solution.
3. Use the same graphic cards
I want to mention this for the purpose of completeness: You have one GT730 and one NVS300 card. It may be worth considering to replace your old NVS300 card with an additional GT370 card. That way, you will have two GT370 cards, which will be inherently less error-prone. While this approach costs a bit of money, it very probably costs the least amount of time. It's up to you to decide which you prefer. ;-)


YouTube videos does not work in full screen in Ubuntu 20.04

I found that it's caused by turning off "Use system title bar and borders" in Chrome. Enabling this makes it work normally.
I also switched to using Wayland and it works perfect in Wayland! Even with "Use system title bar and borders" disabled.

Scaling settings did not matter.


Apache2 All catalogs without index.html or php are forbidden

I found how to solve it. On catalog var/www I changed owner to my-username:www-data on all files. After that I added every permission to group. Works fine.


Can't Connect to Minecraft Server Ubuntu 18.04

I had a similar issues.

The problem with all the fixes i found was that i installed Minecraft via snap. sudo snap install minecraft and because snaps are self contained the java on my machine did not effected it.

What fixed it for me was installing the old launcher instead.

Remove snap version sudo snap remove minecraft
completely remove java 10 ( If Installed )
Install Minecraft Via curl Script


WiFi automatically disconnects in Ubuntu 16.04

I had the same problem with a 4.10 kernel see this post and the same wifi adapter.

Perhaps installing an older 4.8 kernel might help if you currently have a 4.10.x kernel in your machine.


Steam: libGL error: No matching fbConfigs or visuals found libGL error: failed to load driver: swrast

Ubuntu 16.04+
For anyone still getting same error, if you are using nvidia driver, sometimes you will see that libGL.so.1 points to ambiguous libGL provided by both mesa and nvidia. To test this, you can run this command

$ sudo ldconfig -p | grep -i gl.so

The output was something like:

    libwayland-egl.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libwayland-egl.so.1
    libftgl.so.2 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libftgl.so.2
    libcogl.so.20 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcogl.so.20
    libQt5OpenGL.so.5 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5OpenGL.so.5
    libQtOpenGL.so.4 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtOpenGL.so.4
    libQtOpenGL.so.4 (libc6) => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libQtOpenGL.so.4
    libOpenGL.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/nvidia-378/libOpenGL.so.0
    libOpenGL.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/nvidia-378/libOpenGL.so
    libGL.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/nvidia-378/libGL.so.1
    libGL.so.1 (libc6) => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1
    libGL.so.1 (libc6) => /usr/lib32/nvidia-378/libGL.so.1
    libGL.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/nvidia-378/libGL.so
    libGL.so (libc6) => /usr/lib32/nvidia-378/libGL.so
    libEGL.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/nvidia-378/libEGL.so.1
    libEGL.so.1 (libc6) => /usr/lib32/nvidia-378/libEGL.so.1
    libEGL.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib/nvidia-378/libEGL.so
    libEGL.so (libc6) => /usr/lib32/nvidia-378/libEGL.so

Now I just needed to remove the library provided by mesa and everything worked perfectly.

$ sudo rm /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1

Update:
This issue no longer exists from Ubuntu 18.04 LTS.


Ubuntu vmware workstation guest doesn't connect anymore after windows host update from 8 to 10

I could solve the problem by restoring the default settings in my VMWare Workstation Virtual Network Editor.

Solution found at: Source


ubuntu 15.10 firefox 47 java plugin weirdness

I use the same versions.

ricard@cruz-xxxxxx:~/.mozilla/plugins$ ls -liah

12583228 lrwxrwxrwx 1 ricard ricard   43 jun 27 10:43 libnpjp2.so -> /usr/java/jre1.8.0_91/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so

ricard@cruz-xxxxxx:~/.mozilla/plugins$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_91"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_91-b14)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.91-b14, mixed mode)

ricard@cruz-xxxxxx:~/.mozilla/plugins$ /usr/bin/firefox -version
Mozilla Firefox 47.0

Do you have another java plugin activated in firefox add-ons?

If not, try to do this steps again:

Install/Update new java (omit in your case)
Close firefox sesion
Remove old symbolic link and create a new one with the path to your latest jdk or jre
Delete pluginreg.dat ~/.mozilla/firefox/XXX.default) and restart firefox.

Luck


What is the purpose of the Desktop Switcher?

Most of the programs can run multiple instances and it is really useful to work on several desktops when you have many programs running and they are not related to each other (like Gedit and FTP client, if you are web developer and you often edit files and upload them to the web host and other group of programs like Music Player or Libre Office documents).

I often open Firefox in my second workspace to listen YouTube playlist and on the first workspace I have Notepad++, FileZilla and Firefox (if you open Firefox and drag a tab you can have two instances of the browser running)

For most programs, including firefox, you can middle-click the icon in the launcher to open a new instance.


The system is running in low graphics mode after changing root password

Run grep EE /var/log/Xorg.0.log

I'd you get something similar to:
[ 247.145] (EE) open /dev/dri/card): No such file or directory

Then the problem lies in having a video driver set up wrong. For example if you have an intel video card and have a Nvidia driver installed it won't work.

Run lspci and find your video adapter. If it's mixed matched you can run a purge command :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia-*

Where nvidia is an example for a driver that needs intel, but is instead forced with an Nvidia driver


programs not showing anymore on the left of the screen

Have you pinned VLC to the unity launcher (the left side panel)? Or gparted? When the program is open, right click it and select pin or add to dock or something. To open gparted or VLC use the unity launcher. Good luck!


Why Dropbox doesn't work properly anymore?

Please see a forum post regarding a similar issue:
Dropbox won't start anymore

Should that not resolve your problem, you may have an issue with your installation files.
source:https://www.dropbox.com/help/72/en
 Here is a potential, not guaranteed, fix I found online that resets the service should it fail to load properly, or stop(by my understanding). I have not used the software, and cannot verify its functionality, but it's an option.:

http://cristalinux.blogspot.com/2010/12/fixing-dropbox-startup-issues-in-ubuntu.html

Amended:
Also, this link may prove useful: [SOLVED] Problem (re)installing Dropbox

It discusses a similar issue, with dropbox no working/starting properly. Their fix was to find an alternative to reinstall to bypass an error(reinstall issues may not be related to your issue). So, my understanding of cause would be that there is an issue somewhere with the update process where dropbox is concerned, as I have seem multiple pages listing issues with Dropbox after updating.


How to create Truecrypt volume using zuluCrypt?

zuluCrypt creates TrueCrypt volumes when it finds atleast version 2.0 of tcplay[1]

Make sure you have tcplay together with its development files installed and then rebuild zuluCrypt and it should pick up tcplay and it will then start
creating TrueCrypt volumes.

[1] https://github.com/bwalex/tc-play


VirtualBox: Ubuntu Host and Ubuntu Guest. Where is my shared folder in the Guest?

Yep, you just need to mount the directory manually. To do that, use mount -t vboxsf SHARENAME /path/to/where/to/mount.

SHARENAME depends on your shared folder, it is the name you entered into VirtualBox Shared Folders dialog.

/path/to/where/to/mount should ideally be inside your user directory (inside VBox). In my case, I use /home/evgeny-vbox/Documents.

EDIT: if you want it to be mounted at boot-time too, add this to your /etc/fstab:

SHARENAME /path/to/where/to/mount vboxsf defaults 0 0


The error message “Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)” indicates a problem with the package installer. This can happen in Ubuntu after a failed software installation, or if the installer becomes corrupted.

Method 1: Reconfigure dpkg Database
sudo dpkg ––configure –a

Method 2: Force-install the Software
If Method 1 did not work, you can attempt to fix the dependencies in the package installer.

sudo apt-get install –f

if non of theme worked try looking here


How can I keep Ubuntu updated automatically?

Introduction
Individual programs do not check for updates in Ubuntu, but there is another method, that works for programs that are installed by default and from the repositories and PPAs. This includes not only snap packages, but all programs except those that you have installed manually from external sources.
See a detailed discussion in a thread at the Ubuntu Forums, particularly (but not only) the following two posts,

Post #12
Post #13

Livepatch
In Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (the newest LTS release), you get an offer to activate 'Livepatch'. This is offered with a graphical user interface when you log in the first time after installation.
The original task of Livepatch is to patch the kernel on the fly, so that it can be updated without turning off the computer. This can be very valuable for servers, and nice but not necessary for desktop computers. Other update & upgrade tasks have been merged into the software package, that is shown by the small shield-like widget near the top right corner of Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.
I think it will do what you want, to tell you that there are important updates (for security and also other updates), and even to perform the updates automatically, if you wish.
The following screenshot shows what it looks like for me (when active),

When you click on 'Livepatch settings...' you can select what kind of updates you want, as illustrated in the next screenshot,

Sorry for the mixture with some non-English text, but this is in my installed system. 'Program & uppdateringar' means 'Software & Updates'.
Software Updater
In a system, where Livepatch is not activated, you can access 'Software & Updates' from the Settings menu, and you start the Settings menu at the top right corner of the desktop.
In this case a window pops up soon after you boot and log in,

and also from this window you access 'Software & Updates',

This time I can show things in English, which makes it easier to recognize.
Command line method
There is also a rather simple command line method, described in the accepted answer at this very old but still valid link:

How can I install just security updates from the command line?

If not installed, run
sudo apt install unattended-upgrades

then do it
sudo unattended-upgrade -d --dry-run
sudo unattended-upgrade -d # Idem --debug

If you want to run it quietly instead:
sudo unattended-upgrade


Is there a schematic overview of Ubuntu's architecture?

There are lots and lots of them. The more you want to know, the more diagrams you'll have to dig up.

This is one I made. But I gave up when I noticed that it's only ever going to get more complex, and I'll have to stop somewhere.

(note: this image probably contains a bunch of mistakes)

Use it as a guide to look in details at each of the subsystems (and notice that many are missing).

This, for example, is a diagram of the Linux Kernel structure:

(this image by Conan at en.wikipedia, licensed under cc-by)

Here's another one on xorg:

(source)

This is Moblins idea of the stack, it particularly highlights the relationships between the toolkits and APIs:

Between them, these diagrams cover a great portion of what's going on in Linux operating systems. As I said, if you want to know more about a specific subset of Ubuntu, you'll likely find a diagram that explains one particular thing in detail, rather than one massive one that explains everything. They are almost impossible to make.

Errata:
 · There's a bunch of drivers in Ubuntu that are Kernel Modules instead of being compiled into the kernel.
 · It looks like this GVFS business is all wrong in my diagram, I'm not completely sure
 · The xorg diagram is by the people at wayland.freedesktop.org. Have a look to see what changes they're proposing


Is it possible? Triple boot with 2OS'S on first hdd & 1OS on second hdd

For the most part, it doesn't matter what hard drives you put OSes on.
When booting two or more Linux distros, the main thing to remember is that if the distros use different GRUB installations, only the GRUB on the first partition on the drive booted first will run. As GRUB's configuration is generally updated from the distro that installed it, every time there is a kernel update on the other distro, you will have to boot into the first and run sudo update-grub.


From comments:

The error was because of extra whitespace after Application in Type key. It seems Application  (notice the extra whitespace) isn't an identified value for Type key in desktop entry.


This not a real answer but more like a tip. What you are experiencing is “underscan” and problem that is related to it is “overscan” (this is when the desktop would be smaller that the screen). So these are the words to google.
It is a common problem with some graphic cards and the TV's that just don't want to get along. If you  are using proprietary drivers then just go through the display settings and you should some settings for it there. If you are using open source drivers it will be more hard core xorg tweaking.
Sorry, that I can't be of more help right now but hopefully these keywords can help you find more information about the problem and the ways to solve it.


Why is my laptop not using the new Firefox menu layout?

Right click somewhere near and outside the address bar and uncheck the Menu Toolbar.


Why won't Skype open or install properly on Ubuntu 12.04?

Open Ubuntu software Center, by clicking on the icon on the unity bar.

Once it opens, search for Skype, and click on Use This Source.

Wait a while, and then click on Install

Wait for the installation to finish, search for Skype in Dash, click on the icon and enjoy.


Just press esc. Also make sure that location bar is focused while pressing esc.


NVidia 1080ti install on Ubuntu 16.04.2 - what does it mean if card doesn't appear under Additional Drivers?

I am trying to do the same thing. Evidently the Nvidia driver in question (378.13) is not supported on 16.04.02. See this from Nvidia support:

https://devtalk.nvidia.com/default/topic/1000169/linux/378-13-driver-is-not-compatible-with-ubuntu-16-04-2-lts-linux-4-8-kernel-based-/

The solution he found was to go back to 16.04.01. That is obviously not doable if the 16.04.01 distro is not available from Ubuntu.  Can it be gotten somewhere? Surely there's an archive repository of Ubuntu distributions.


I don't think your laptop is overheating.

Your CPU's max operating temperature is 105 °C

There is nothing to worry about if your CPU runs at 75 °C since it's still under the safe operating temperature as stated Here

Your GPU running at 69 °C is an excellent temp to be running at according to this GeForce forum.

If you want to make your fan spin faster you can try fancontrol.

To install fancontrol run this command:

sudo apt-get install fancontrol

Great post here on how to setup fancontrol on Ubuntu

If your laptop is still hot, you may need to clean the dust out of the vents.


Check out apt-file.

apt-file search horst.so

See documentation at wiki.debian.org


Automatically reconnect wireless connection

This seems to be posted all over the net with no good solutions. I guess the best fix/workaround is to make it check for internet connectivity and if it is not there then reconnect. I did this via a ping test to google.com and then I simply made it restart networking. Code is not tested (the restart part and the cron part, if statement tested), so I'll just wait for it to disconnect at some point. I have an Ubuntu Server 12.10, so no GUI, and is a pain to connect monitor and keyboard every time the wireless stuffs up.

Cron part done via webmin so Idk much about it. Script is as follows:

# edited by dim_voly for networking restart on no pingback every 5 mins

#!/bin/bash
# Name of File: networkingCron
# Purpose: to check if the internet is up (via ping test to google) and if not, restart networking service
# this script is invoked via cron, ideally every 5 mins.

#check if there is internet via ping test
if ! [ "`ping -c 1 google.com`" ]; then #if ping exits nonzero...
   sudo service networking restart #restart the whole thing
   echo Networking service restarted due to no ping response from google.com
fi

echo Script 'networkingCron' completed, if no message above then there was no network restart.

# dunno how to restart the wifi only since that is the only active connection that server uses.

# also I don't think those echos go anywhere

Make sure to run as root and make sure the script has execute (u+x) permissions.

links:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CronHowto
Ping Test (StackOverflow)
Echo Output


How can I dump and restore MySQL databases to and from Dropbox from the command line?

I believe all you need to do is execute the following:

 mysql -u root -p[root_password] [mydatabase] < mydatabase.sql

mydatabase must exist in order to do this; if not, create it using create database mydatabase


Package system is broken, multiple errors, dpkg cannot process libc6

When this error shows up:

E: Internal Error, No file name for libc6

According to a bug in launchpad, running these commands will fix it (and it worked for me too):

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get install -fy
sudo dpkg -i /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get install -fy
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

more specifically, for me, this command did it:

sudo dpkg --configure -a


While the instructions I linked should work perfectly for your device, there is a newer firmware file that corrects instability sometimes found with older firmware. With a working wired ethernet connection, please open a terminal and do:

cd /lib/firmware
sudo mv iwlwifi-7260-7.ucode  iwlwifi-7260-7.ucode.bak
sudo wget https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/egrumbach/linux-firmware.git/plain/iwlwifi-7260-7.ucode

Unload and reload the driver so it sees and uses the newer firmware:

sudo modprobe -r iwldvm
sudo modprobe -r iwlwifi
sudo modprobe iwlwifi

Detach the ethernet and your wireless should be working.

If it still isn't working, check for informative clues:

dmesg | grep iwl
ls -al /lib/firmware/iwlwifi-7260-7.ucode


First you need to find the IP address of your Linux computer on the local network. You can use the Network Tools program on Ubuntu of if you are comfortable with the command line then you can use run "ifconfig" and look for the inet address. Typically it will start with 192.168.X.X or 10.X.X.X.

Then on your Mac, go to the Finder and type Command-K to open the server connect dialog box and enter vnc:// and the IP address from step one. eg: vnc://192.168.1.2


Trying to install Ubuntu 18.04 on a Dell Precision 3530 mobile workstation (laptop)

Did you install in UEFI boot mode? How you boot install media, UEFI or old BIOS is then how it installs.
Dual boot or just Ubuntu?
Dell typically needs UEFI update, SSD firmware update, change to AHCI and fast boot in UEFI off. If still Windows fast start up off in Windows. If really new system, may need 20.04 to have newest drivers for Dell.
If nVidia you may need nomodeset boot parameter if you did not install driver.
Lets see details, use ppa version with your live installer (2nd option) or any working install,  not older Boot-Repair ISO:
Please copy & paste the pastebin link to the Boot-info summary report ( do not post report), do not run the auto fix till reviewed.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair
Shows installer with screen shots. Both BIOS purple accessibility screen & UEFI black grub menu screen
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI
Also shows Windows 10 screens or similar to Windows 8
How do I install Ubuntu alongside a pre-installed Windows with UEFI?


Unable to install VLC on 12.04, have tried all the solutions posted on related questions

The problem was that libqtcore4 had been upgraded while a large number of libqt packages still depended on the previous version. The solution was to downgrade libqtcore4 and I was able to install VLC successfully after doing this. Here is a great post on downgrading packages in Ubuntu if you are facing a similar problem:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=321156


If you right-click the shortcut you are presented a pop-up menu allowing you to remove the shortcut:


sudo bash -c 'echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches'


How can I specify the default image viewer in mailcap?

Your solution is nice and lets you keep all the dotfiles on version control, so why change it? :-)

If you run either of the major desktop environments, invoke xdg-open instead? Is is the equivalent of double clicking a file in the file browser.


HP Spectre x360 Kaby Lake: Ubuntu suspend not actually saving power

For the moment, this problem would be solved by adding HandleLidSwitchDocked=suspend in /etc/systemd/logind.conf and then rebooting.

In my environment, adding the line fixes the problem.

My environment: Ubuntu 16.10, HP Spectre x360 Kaby Lake

$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "model name"
model name  : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7500U CPU @ 2.70GHz
model name  : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7500U CPU @ 2.70GHz
model name  : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7500U CPU @ 2.70GHz
model name  : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7500U CPU @ 2.70GHz
$ uname -a
Linux nek-HP-Spectre-x360-Convertible-13-ac0XX 4.8.0-41-generic #44-Ubuntu SMP Fri Mar 3 15:27:17 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 16.10
Release:    16.10
Codename:   yakkety

For the detail, look at this bug: "Notebook doesn't suspend when lid is closed after update to 16.04"


Hi this is quite long and I am sure other members of the community will aid to it but I hope it gives you a good starting point.

Account Security

The easiest way to attack a system is to attack it from the inside. Once an account has been compromise the most common attack is a privilege escalation attack, this is where elevated access is gained allowing a user to access resources which would normally be blocked to them, a common way for this to occur is where a bug in a piece of software or an incorrect configuration is exploited. The best way to minimise this risk is to keep unwanted users out of a system and secure the accounts, to only allow an account to perform the required tasks needed for that account role. The first step in securing an account is to set the authentication models using Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM).

PAM

Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) is a centralised authentication system used on the Linux system. PAM allow application to offload the authentication to PAM instead of the files where the information is held. PAM authentication files are found in /etc/pam.d/ each PAM aware configuration file is found in the pam.d directory e.g. the ssh pam directive is located /etc/pam.d/sshd. The configuration contains a series of directives in the format of: module_interface control_flag module_name module_args. PAM uses four different types of module interfaces, each module interface handles a different part of the authentication process, the:

auth module interface authenticate users in the most basic process it checks the validity of a password.
Account module verifies access permissions and if access is permitted (e.g. password expired, locked, account login time).
Password module changes a user’s password.
Session module handles the user’s sessions and handle tasks such as
mounting a user’s home directory.

A module can use multiple interfaces. All PAM module return either a success or failure as a result. The control flags for a PAM module determine how vital the success or failure is to the overall goal of authenticating the user to the service. The flags are as follows:

required flag mean the module must be successful to continue. If
the module fails, the user isn’t informed until all tests on that
interface are complete.
requisite flag is similar to required however no other modules are invoked and the user is informed if they fail this check straight away.
sufficient if this succeeds and no required modules fail then the user is authenticated and no other checks occur otherwise it continues.
optional flag is ignored unless it is the only module reference the
interface.
include flag includes configuration from another file.

These are simple control flags and there are many complex control flags which uses attribute equal value control pairs, a comprehensive list is in the pam.d man pages.

Account Types

There are three main types of accounts: root, service/system and user. The root account can do anything e.g. un/install software or packages, alter configuration, etc. root will always have a User ID (UID) of 0. Account names are not used by the system instead the UID is used, the account names are just for humans. Technically all accounts with a UID above 0 are normal accounts however for management UID in the range of 0 to 1000 are for service accounts and is configurable in /etc/login.defs. To create a service accounts, you add the –r flag, useradd –r system_account_name, otherwise it will have a UID above 1000. The Linux system doesn’t differentiate between accounts with UID above and below one thounds, but it does when the UID is equal to zero because zero is for the root user, the UID is intended to be used by humans to see if it is meant to be used by a human or a service or application.

Controlling Accounts

To check that only one user has a UID of zero run the command awk –F: ‘($3 == “0”) {print}’ /etc/passwd’
To lock an account run the command passwd –l account_name
To unlock an account run the command passwd –u account_name
To stop an account being logged into you can simple set their shell parameter in /etc/passwd to /sbin/nologin to stop them from having a shell thus from having any interactive access. It is better to do this via the command instead of editing the file. The command is chsh –s SHELL account_name e.g. chsh –s /sbin/nolong /john
To stop all users logging into a system you can take advantage of the pam_nologin module file located in /etc/nologin or /var/run/noloing if this file exists then logins will be denied and the content will be displayed to the user. Remove the file and people will be able to log back in.
You should also have different accounts for service e.g. a web service should run on its own account and not a user’s account

Password Security

Falling to enforce strong password policy may result in the user using weak passwords such as password123, weak password is very vulnerable to brute force attacks. To enforce strong password, use the pam_pwquality. You would use this PAM module as part of a directive in a pam configuration file located at /etc/security/pwquality.conf and have the PAM usage of password requisite pam_pwquality.so.

Passwords where originally stored in /etc/passwd in an encrypted or hashed format. The file is a colon separated and contains the username, hashed password, UID, User Group ID number (GID), Full Name, User home directory, the login shell. Almost every application uses this file to convert UID into usernames however, it also means that anything can see the encrypted password which make them vulnerable to dictionary or brute for attacks as they can be copied to another system and cracked. If the password field shows an x it means that the passwords are stored in the /etc/shadow file. Storing the password in a separate file mean that this shadow file is only readable to the root user, thus minimising the risk of the passwords being compromised. To convert a system which isn’t using shadow passwords then you need to run the command pwconv but if you need to disable shadow passwords then run pwunconv as root. The /etc/shadow file again contains colon delimited fields; username, hashed password, days since epoch of last password change, days until next password change is allowed, days before a password change is required, days before password expiry notification, days before the account becomes inactive, days since epoch when account expires, reserved for future use. These additional fields in /etc/shadow allow for greater control over the accounts on the Linux system. By running the command chage –l account_name will show the account aging info. chage –M MAX_DAYS will set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid if you attach an account name to the end of that command then it will set it just for that account and not system wide. chage –E EXPIRE_DATE account_name command will set a date for when the user account will no longer be accessible the date should be in YYYY-MM-DD format, to unlock or set an account not to expire set the expire flag to negative 1.  To force a password change run the command chage –d 0 account_name. For a complete list check the man page for chage.

To set the defaults edit the file /etc/login.defs this is where all the defaults such as the minimal length, maximum age for a password, the minimum age for a password, the password warning before password expires, etc.
To stop users reusing their previous passwords use the password interface for the pam_pwhistory module by defaults it stores the last ten passwords for a user account in the /etc/securityopassword. To change the number of password remember change the remember variable and set it equal to the number of passwords as an argument in the pam_pwhistory module.


It is the same command so there is no difference.

If you meant: what do the options mean: the manual explains it like this:

Options

  -display disp

  X11 server display to connect to, usually :0.
      The X server process must be running on same machine and support MIT-SHM.
      Equivalent to setting the DISPLAY environment variable to disp.

  -auth file

  Set the X authority file to be file, equivalent to setting the XAUTHORITY
  environment variable to file before startup.
  Same as -xauth file. See xsecurity(7) , xauth(1) man pages for more info.

Related:

What does display:0 mean
What is the .Xauthority file?


2 Windows 8 Loaders appearing at the grub menu

Install this software -> https://launchpad.net/grub-customizer

Edit the grub and delete the options you dont want.

Hope this helps..


It seems the user in the tutorial has made an alias called zshconfig for a command like nano ~/.zshrc, because your video shows them opening their shell config file in the text editor nano and editing it to add to their PATH.

You are probably using Bash, not Zsh (ignore this if you ARE using Zsh), so instead of zshconfig, you can simply use the command nano .bashrc, and whenever the user in the video refers to .zshrc, you can replace .zshrc with .bashrc or the full path ~/.bashrc.

I don't know what Linux Valet is or whether it will solve your problem, but this should get you over the current hurdle.


alsamixer USB Headphone/MIC combo cannot control mic

The kernel update in 5.7rc3 introduced a patch for this issue (for this headset specifically). Once patched your dmesg output should have a line that looks like:
[    6.804026] kernel: usb 1-1: Found post-registration device assignment: 095116ea:02

The alsa configuration documentation states:
Module snd-usb-audio
--------------------
...
delayed_register
    The option is needed for devices that have multiple streams
    defined in multiple USB interfaces.  The driver may invoke
    registrations multiple times (once per interface) and this may
    lead to the insufficient device enumeration.
    This option receives an array of strings, and you can pass
    ID:INTERFACE like ``0123abcd:4`` for performing the delayed
    registration to the given device.  In this example, when a USB
    device 0123:abcd is probed, the driver waits the registration
    until the USB interface 4 gets probed.
    The driver prints a message like "Found post-registration device
    assignment: 1234abcd:04" for such a device, so that user can
    notice the need.

So taking the above information you get from dmesg, and the field you need from the config docs, add this to the end of alsa-base.conf
# Add delayed register for HyperX Cloud Flight S Headset
options snd-usb-audio delayed_register=095116ea:02

Then reboot and you should be able to see the headset and profiles as expected.
As a side note, there is another option in the snd-usb-audio module
quirk_alias
    Quirk alias list, pass strings like ``0123abcd:5678beef``, which
    applies the existing quirk for the device 5678:beef to a new
    device 0123:abcd.

This would lead me to believe that you could copy the quirk that already was written by kernel 5.4 for "Kingston HyperX AMP" and apply it to this headset, as well as adding the delayed register and it would work pre 5.7. As i already bit the bullet and did the kernel upgrade i am not going to go back and check. If someone gets that working please let me know and ill update the post here. It should be as straight forward as:
options snd-usb-audio quirk_alias=095116ea:095116d8 delayed_register=095116ea:02

Let me know!


Ubuntu goes into emergency mode after I moved /home dir

You should be able to repair things by using a Live Media to repair the /etc/fstab entry that points to /home, so it references the correct volume.


Is there any program that shows all hardware?

There are a couple of command line programs that give you this kind of information, you could try lshw and lspci.
For a GUI that nicely displays information from these and other sources, try hardinfo .

It will appear in the applications menu under System > System Profiler and Benchmarks.
As the name suggests, it also offers some benchmarks ;)


Accidentally deleted boot partition. System not booting up

From your description, you seem to have a mixed-up mess.

Since you "tried so many things" but didn't provide details, we can only guess at your skill level.

Your easiest solution is to backup and reinstall:

Create a LiveUSB.
Boot using the Live USB.
Mount your hard drive. Backup your data to some other media.
Reinstall Ubuntu using the LiveUSB.

There are many more complex solutions, including several methods of investigation and repair. The AskUbuntu format is oriented toward single questions, not the extended mentoring you need to learn those repair methods.


Ubuntu logs something and it becomes impossible to open os again

After a few more installations I saw the log file the error is device [8086:9d15] error status/mask=00000001/00002000 and it keeps logging it.
The solution for that can be found here: https://h30434.www3.hp.com/t5/Notebook-Software-and-How-To-Questions/Error-Spam-AER-id-00e5-PCIe-Bus-Error-severity-Corrected/td-p/5933687
But be quick give your root space like 50gb area so it won't be filled out immediately. Then make the changes on the link.


The "Speak Text" feature in Okular is not working. How do I get it to work?

Qt Multimedia module is not installed by default so you are required to install it.
sudo apt install qml-module-qtmultimedia


Command is available in …; The command could not be located

Run the following:

export PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/home/sweet/android-sdk-linux/platfrom-tools

Now try to execute the commands.

if you want to save it permanently so that you don't need to type it over and over again open ~/.bashrc using gedit by /usr/bin/gedit ~/.bashrc and find the line {PATH}:/home/sweet/android-sdk-linux/platfrom-tools. Then either delete that line or put a # in front of it to comment it out. Then add the following line:

export PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/home/sweet/android-sdk-linux/platfrom-tools

now save the file and from the terminal run source ~/.bashrc so that your path is properly set from the current terminal session.


How to install some libraries such as 'libxml2' in Ubuntu Focal 20.04

The package you are looking for may have a different name. See this question for reference.
You can also search for packages by running:
apt-cache search <package>

In this case for libhdf5 you may want to do:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install hdf5-tools hdf5-helpers

If you need also the development files, add libhdf5-dev to the previous list. If that doesn't work, try with libhdf5-103.
The same applies for libmagic, which for Ubuntu seems to be named libmagic-mgc (and libmagic-dev for the development library).


Make computer give the choice to boot from my partitions

All you need is to restore the GRUB bootloader. This is official wiki page on the problem.


Where can I find a log of the information shown at boot splash?

The easiest way might be to boot the system that's having problems and disable the splash screen. That will then show the boot messages during bootup.

To show the boot messages, start up and when grub appears press 'e' to edit the grub entry. Press the down arrow until you get to the linux kernel line. Press CTRL-E to go to the end of the line. Remove quiet splash from the line. You might also need to delete any line that begins with gfxmode if it still doesn't work. I had to remove the gfxmode line to be able to see the boot messages on Xubuntu. Now press F10 to boot. The boot messages should appear.

Something else you can try is to boot from your rescue disk, mount the filesystems of the computer, then look at /var/log/syslog, /var/log/boot.log, and /var/log/boot. The last one may not exist or be empty if the computer is not configured to run bootlogd at startup. You can edit /etc/default/bootlogd and make sure that BOOTLOGD_ENABLE=Yes is set, then reboot, to get the boot output into /var/log/boot.

Between all of those options you should be able to determine where the system is getting stuck at bootup.


You can for example add hotkey in grub.cfg file
menuentry "Win7" --hotkey=7 --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-chain`...


Browser automatically refreshes and Home folder window opens

Run

gksu gedit /etc/default/grub

and add acpi=off in GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT, after quiet splash inside of the quotes.

This fixed the issue in 10.10 desktop on a MSI Wind U100.


Install of Ubuntu 14.04 64amd desktop ISO live USB returns errno5 error

It turns out that the working laptop used to download ISO files and create the Live USB thumb drives has bad ram. This more than likely has been the cause of all ISO files failing MD5sum checks and subsequent live USB failing to install to HDD. Thank you to everyone that helped me with this issue.


What causes application window to 'fade'?

I believe this is by design, to notify user that the program is not working as expected.

Not only firefox, all the application in ubuntu exhibit the same behavior.

(Much like Not Responding window in Win OS)

If want you can turn it off, Here are two ways

How to turn off the Ubuntu 13.04 window fade effect

How do I turn off the feature where a window grays out when it's thinking?


verify your architecture if it's 64 bits, you don't install all dependence.

and too verify PPAs install on your Ubuntu.

How to do OK:

  sudo aptitude install libgl1-mesa-glx:i386


Install gnome-tweak-tool. There is a setting called "Have file manager handle the desktop" that you can switch off.

The configuration system has been replaced, so gconf won't work in all cases anymore. However, not all apps have been converted yet, so it's still present.


Can't block certain port on my linux server

I may be suffering from a misunderstanding (if so, people will tell me!)

iptables sets up firewall rules, and you have configured the firewall not to pass on items directed to port 8001

netstat shows ports that programs are listening to

So, your firewall is not allowing port 8001 through, but a program is listening for pings on that port.  There is no conflict here - if you want your program not to listen to the port, close the program.

If you are interested in what rules that you have active in the firewall, look at iptables -L or iptables -S


How to fix "ssh_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer" error?

Just reboot your server which you want to ssh. It worked for me, previously I was facing the same issue.


Fan is always on, CPU usage is rather low and can't find the fan or thermal_zone proc files

Canonical developed something called FWTS which will systematically test the ACPI features provided and report on their health and possible corrective solutions. Run it and post the contents here (pastbin please) and to a launchpad bug against the linux-kernel.

At a minimum run the "thermal_trip fan" tests.

[continued using results from FWTS]

Test 2 of 2: Load system, check CPU fan status.
Test how many fans there are in the system. Check for the current status of the
fan(s).
Loading CPUs for 20 seconds to try and get fan speeds to change.
Fan cooling_device0 current state did not change from value 0 while CPUs were
busy.
Fan cooling_device1 current state did not change from value 0 while CPUs were
busy.
Fan cooling_device2 current state did not change from value 0 while CPUs were
busy.
Fan cooling_device3 current state did not change from value 0 while CPUs were
busy.
Fan cooling_device4 current state did not change from value 0 while CPUs were
busy.
Fan cooling_device5 current state did not change from value 0 while CPUs were
busy.
Fan cooling_device6 current state did not change from value 0 while CPUs were
busy.
Fan cooling_device7 current state did not change from value 0 while CPUs were
busy.

ADVICE: Did not detect any change in the CPU related thermal cooling device
states. It could be that the devices are returning static information back to
the driver and/or the fan speed is automatically being controlled by firmware
using System Management Mode in which case the kernel interfaces being examined
may not work anyway.

OK. That confirms the issue, there's no feedback.

It doesn't appear that you have the asus-laptop module installed. Sometimes these
laptop specific support modules do the trick for these components

$ sudo modprobe asus-laptop

This appears to have worked at one time, Ubuntu 12.04 on asus n76vb fan speed not working, which would make your case a regression. Unfortunately in that case the remedy was "I updated a bunch of stuff and it worked" :(.


catdoc appears to work recursively for .doc files in 16.04: https://superuser.com/questions/330242/how-to-recursively-find-a-doc-file-that-contains-a-specific-word

There's no mention of .docx so you'll need to figure that one out yourself.

For .ods or .odt files, you could have the following script courtesy kaibob @ ubuntuforums.org:

#!/bin/bash

find . -type f -name "*.od*" | while read i ; do
   [ "$1" ] || { echo "You forgot search string!" ; exit 1 ; }
   unzip -ca "$i" 2>/dev/null | grep -iq "$*"
   if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then
      echo "string found in $i" | nl
   fi
done

Let's say you call it "libre-search" and have made it executable.

Then, running libre-search your_string should list files containing your_string.

unzip -ca "$i" 2>/dev/null takes care of unwanted content.
grep -iq makes the search case-insensitive.
nl numbers the output.


initramfs-tools doesn't have a root folder

EDITED

On a remote server you should create sudo mkdir /etc/initramfs-tools/root && sudo mkdir /etc/initramfs-tools/root/.ssh
Then sudo nano /etc/initramfs-tools/root/.ssh/authorized_keys and insert you pub keys from your local host nano ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub


Installing imod_4.7.15_RHEL6-64_CUDA6.0.csh in ubuntu

Run in the terminal:

csh -f imod_4.7.15_RHEL6-64_CUDA6.0.csh


How to dual boot other OS in Ubuntu without having access to boot menu?

A typical dual-boot configuration presents a menu of choices generated by a program like GRUB. These programs operate through the firmware (BIOS or EFI/UEFI), and so are dependent on its features. If your laptop's display is broken and if the firmware works only with the laptop's built-in display (as is common), then you will not get these tools to work with an external display. I know of no way around this rule. You might be able to boot "blind" by hitting the down-arrow key (or whatever) to switch boot options and just hope you get the right one.

That said, you may be able to set the boot option in an OS. For instance, if you've got Ubuntu and Windows installed, you could, in principle, adjust the GRUB default boot option while in one OS to boot the other OS the next time you boot. (This is controlled via the set default line in /boot/grub/grub.cfg.) There are some important caveats to this approach, though:

Ubuntu stores its GRUB configuration file in /boot/grub/grub.cfg. You'd need to edit this file from Windows, which means using a Windows filesystem driver for ext4fs (or whatever filesystem holds that file).
If you start with the computer off and want to boot OS A, but if it's currently configured to boot OS B, you'd need to boot OS B, reconfigure GRUB, and then reboot into OS A. This is obviously more awkward than choosing the OS to boot before booting any OS.
If GRUB were to become badly misconfigured, you might lose the ability to boot anything, and repairing it would be a hassle. You might need to move the hard disk to another computer to do the necessary work.
Given your current state, I'm not sure exactly how you'd boot the Windows installation medium. I suspect you could create a GRUB entry to do this, but I don't know exactly what it would look like. (It would probably depend on whether you're booting in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode or in EFI/UEFI mode.)
I have no idea if the Windows installer would come up on the internal display only, the external display only, or on both displays. If the Windows installer ran only on the internal display, you wouldn't be able to install it.
If you run into problems installing Windows, you might be able to use a virtual machine pointed at the whole-disk device or move the hard disk to another computer for installation, but these approaches carry their own risks and might not work acceptably well.

You could do similar things with other boot managers, not just GRUB; but the details of reconfiguring the boot manager vary. Of particular note is EFI-based computers, which have a built-in boot manager that can be configured via the Ubuntu efibootmgr tool, the standard Windows bcdedit tool, or the third-party GUI Windows EasyUEFI tool. I'd recommend using the EFI boot manager, rather than reconfiguring GRUB, to control the boot process on an EFI-based computer. To determine whether your computer is EFI-based, look for a directory called /sys/firmware/efi in Ubuntu. If that directory is present, your computer is EFI-based; if it's absent, you've booted in BIOS mode.

Speaking more broadly, IMHO you should look into either fixing your laptop's display or buying a new laptop. You may be able to find a replacement display (or whatever components are broken) for a decent price on eBay or the like. The hassles and risks of dual-booting "blind" are significant enough that I'd be reluctant to undertake them, particularly since an error might prove to be difficult to repair.


Is there a Google+ notificator available as indicator in Unity?

As already mentioned in a comment:

Currently the google+ API seems not to allow access to the notifications. There is a feature request here which asks for exactly this API enhancement. So it is unlikely that a desktop application will provide this, as long as the API is missing.

The exceptions to this seem to maintain a hidden webkit window, which is first used to login the user and later does ajax calls to the google+ website plus probably some screen scraping of the result. This is not a straight forward way of handling something that would only require a simple API call in case it was enabled. So most developers will probably wait until the API is updated.


Eclipse not running: "An error has occured"

My IT person was able to get eclipse past this error by changing the permissions on eclipse from root to my username.
I don't know if this was the proper way to fix this issue but it worked.


Set nomodeset option and run updates

Follow this answer and set the nomodeset so you can boot.

Once you are booted add the nvidia driver ppa and run updates:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Now reboot and see that everything works. If so, you can go to Software & Updates -> Aditional Drivers and install the recommended nvidia driver.

Now reboot and remove the nomodeset option and see if it will boot. If not, just add it back.


Why hasn't Mozilla's Firefox Beta PPA updated yet?

The "ppa:mozillateam/firefox-next" should soon have Firefox 9beta1, and hen its ready, you'll be prompted to update.

If you want to, download a beta directly from Mozilla.

Update: Firefox 9b1 has been published in the PPA on November 16.