SmartcardReader, which driver(-file) is really used?

This is an answer to my own question!
After trying to find out why it doesn't work, i found following info on Cherry-International-Website (not DE site):

So, i went to OmniKey-Website and downloaded the driver for
OmniKey CardMan 3121.
http://www.hidglobal.com/drivers/21278
After installing it, it works like a charm!

(Frantique pointed similar out in his comments, thanks for that!)

@Frantique:
lsmod | grep ifdokccid still does not show anything, even now when reader works!


For my project in Launchpad, how do I send all merge requests to a mailing list?

The mailing list must be associated with a LP user or team. For teams, it is under "Set Contact Information".
Set this LP user or team as the "Reviewer" of the bzr tree, under "Set branch reviewer"
On the mailing list, allow implicit inbound emails from LP. For example, with Mailman, under "Privacy Options, Recipient Filters", set "Alias names  (regexps) which qualify as explicit to or cc destination names for this list." to: mp\+.*@code\.launchpad\.net

Now all merge request emails will be delivered to the mailing list.


how do you merge parititons if another partition is between the partitions

You haven’t provided much information but in principle you can do the the following:

Back up anything you cannot afford to lose
Delete the first partition you wanted to merge.
Move the sandwiched partition into the space created in step 2.
Expand the other partition to take up the space created by step 3.

None of these partitions can be in use while doing this . Hopefully you can do this from one of your operating systems or alternatively boot a live environment. GParted is a good tool to use for this and there are plenty of guides on YouTube if you haven’t done anything like it before


Does cron automatically adjust to a timezone change?

Yes, you need to restart cron. However, service cron reload only reloads configuration files, and doesn't apply the new timezone. Use this (similar) command:

service cron restart


This post is about 2 months old but I'll thrown in my 2 cents anyway for others looking for answers .

For what-ever reason, the author of this post had problems installing Windows.
Whether it was a bad MBR (master boot record) , a bad Windows disk or bad area of the hard drive,  or whatever it was, there is one thing that many people are unaware of when they are trying to install an operating system from the USB.
And that is, you first need make sure your BIOS knows what type of medium you are installing from.

Is it a CD-DVD ? Is it a USB device? or is it from the internal hard drive?

When you boot up your computer, usually on the "Very very First screen, it will have on it somewhere advising you to press a key to "enter setup" or "Change boot options menu"
In either screen that shows up , here is where you direct the BIOS to either boot from a Disk , a USB device of some type, or the hard drive.
Each computer maker is different in their design of the BIOS, but basically most all computers going back about 10 years, desktop & laptop,  will have this option.

So, to boot from ANY USB device , you must first set the BIOS so it knows it will boot from that particular area or if you computer has a boot options menu you just press the key relating to the choice listed.

NOTE:
In the "Boot options menu" , (this is a screen outside the confines of the BIOS), found on many by pressing F10 orF12 ,(see your manual),  you can just choose what area to boot from for that boot only.
When you make a choice from the
Boot options menu" screen , this will boot from that choice  Once ONLY,   Then the computer will boot from its normal setting. (what ever the BIOS has been set at)

THE BIOS:
 When you make changes to the BIOS & save the settings , it will reboot with the setting set permanent until you go in and change it again.


How to remap the 'Switch to another tab' shortcut in web browser

This can be easily accomplished using Autokey in the following manner.

Note: Don't forget to add Autokey to the startup. (You can do this using Startup Applications or Gnome Tweak Tool or whatever tool your flavor has to configure startup items)

You need to set a phrase using whatever your browser currently uses to switch tabs (in most I have used its default Ctrl+Tab as you said) and remap that hotkey to whatever you like:

Re-map example screenshot here

In my case I use the Alt+Super+Left or Right combination.

You also want to set a Window Filter for this particular one, since the default shortcut for switching tabs in browsers is used for many other things in other applications, and you don't want your keyboard shortcuts to be a pain in the ass later on.

If there is an easier, quicker way to do this, I could not found it, but befriending Autokey is one of the best things that happened in my short experience with linux.


The solution is to remove chrome, including it's cache and config directories.
To do this type the following from the terminal.

sudo apt-get remove google-chrome-stable (beta, dev, ect) un-install chrome

rm -rf ~/.cache/google-chrome* ~/.config/google-chrome* remove the cache and config directories

this will also remove the rouge folder...
~/.config/google-chromed/ (not sure where this came from... but I had to remove it)
I have a suspicion this is the culprit, however I cannot figure out where it came from or what it's purpose was.

then re-install chrome and you're set: sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable

WARNING: It is highly recommended that you sync your browser with a google account, or at the very least you backup your preferences before you wipe away your browser like that.


remove pop up ad from ads.matte.com malware from ubuntu!

This does not appear to be an OS related issue. I would recommend you to read this http://www.quora.com/How-do-I-stop-AdsMatte-spam-popups-and-ads

Basically it is an attack on/via your router. You should hard reset it. A lot of computers on my intranet got affected. I got rid of it that way.


External Display No Longer Has Full Capabilities when Changing Cable

This seems to be a hardware issue rather than a driver issue. Try using your old cable and see if it still works. If it does, your new cable is problematic. If not, there might be a driver issue.


I succeeded as follows:

mv resolv.conf resolv.conf-old
ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf


Ubuntu 18.04 never been able to apt-get update; 403 Forbidden ... repository is not signed

Launch "Software and Updates".
Select the "Ubuntu Software" tab.
Go down to "Download from".
Use the pull-down menu to select "Main Server".
Enter your password when prompted.
Click "Close".
Click "Reload".


How do I scroll up in my terminal window?

You can pipe the results in to less and then then use your arrow keys to scroll the list.

dpkg --list | less

If you want it in the GUI way, you can increase the number of lines to scroll-back. To do this, go to Edit -> Preferences -> Profile. Select the desired profile and then Edit. Go to the Scrolling tab and change the value of "Limit scrollback to..." to the desired number of lines.


This is not possible with juju at the moment, and there are no immediate plans to support custom VPC instead of the default VPC (at least not for the 14.10 release). Juju uses VPC-related AWS APIs now and will increase its reliance on VPC-based EC2 deployments.

What I can advise you is to contact AWS support to restore your default VPC (in case you had one and deleted it) or perhaps sign-up for a new AWS account, as it should come with a default VPC.

Please, file a bug against juju-core as well, so we can keep track of this and have it  considered for future releases. If it affects a lot of people, I'm sure it can be done sooner rather than later.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/juju-core


How much MB / GB does the installation download?

As my experience, there are about 200 MB for language packs (will be different for different languages) and 200-300 MB for updates if you have checked the box in the step preparing to install.

Since it may takes long time to download and install new packages, I recommend you to install Ubuntu without any Internet connections. It will be installed in about 10 minutes only. After you installed it succesfully, you can run Software Updater to see the available updates and their sizes, then if you have a limited Internet traffic, you can choose between them to be installed. And if your language is English, you can ignore language packs as well.


USB Ubuntu installer does not recognize my hard drive

I had a similar issue with my laptop which I solved by changing one BIOS setting.
In BIOS System Configuration set Sata Operation to "AHCI".


Which Ubuntu releases have fixes for CVE-2015-7547 ("Extremely Severe Bug" with libc getaddrinfo())?

Like any security patch, it has been patched in all supported versions of Ubuntu. It's pushed through both the security and updates repos for desktop installations. You just need to update in your normal way. If you have automatic updates turned on, this should install automatically.

Like Kernel updates, libc updates usually require a reboot to fully take. However, weigh up how much risk you're actually at. To trigger this bug, an attacker essentially needs local network access —ie on your router or between you and your router— so while this has been talked up a lot, the risk of actual damage is still quite low for most people on their home networks. If you roam around on other networks, you're immediately in a higher risk bracket.

I don't know how Ubuntu Touch factors into standard update procedures.

http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/usn-2900-1/

The problem can be corrected by updating your system to the following package version:

Ubuntu 15.10:
    libc6 2.21-0ubuntu4.1
Ubuntu 14.04 LTS:
    libc6 2.19-0ubuntu6.7
Ubuntu 12.04 LTS:
    libc6 2.15-0ubuntu10.13

16.04 (in development) will likely have a separate update come through the standard channel. Older, unsupported releases will remain vulnerable unless you patch them yourself.


Not showing up on network after running system-config-samba

First,install samba:
 sudo apt install samba

The second,install the gvfs-backends:
 sudo apt install gvfs-backends

https://superuser.com/questions/1178972/this-file-server-type-is-not-recognized/1179710#1179710

logged out, logged in.

Open nautilus,the file manager, and press ctrl+L. This will give you a text field where you can type.
smb://ip.ip.ip.ip/ShareName

You can also connect to a share using the places menu. From the places menu, select "connect to server". In the dialog that appears, selet "Windows resource", type the IP into the "server" field. This will create a shortcut on your desktop to the share.

How do I access shared folders by ip address? (for example, in windows, I use "\\172.16.243.7")


Ubuntu install and dual Boot with Windows 8 UEFI

I have successfully achieved dual boot from installation on the primary hard drive with the following configuration and issues:

Hardware: August 2012 build HP Envy DV7 laptop, Windows 8, i5 Ivy Bridge, UEFI/Secure Boot.
Linux: Ubuntu 12.10 x64 ISO.

In UEFI (F10 menu):

Disable Secure Boot.  I could not achieve boot in any configuration with it on.
UEFI boot scheme (not Legacy BIOS). I tried Legacy mode,  and can boot from disk,  but not from an installation on the hard drive.  UEFI flies right by it during boot every way I tried with it on.

In Ubuntu:

/Boot=EFI, /=EXT4, /Home=EXT4, SWAP=swap

With this configuration I can boot with user intervention during the boot sequence:

Select F9 Boot options in UEFI (BIOS)
Select the now avialble Ubuntu 12.10 option and procede.
Immediately the Ubuntu boot option screen is now available.  Select prefered option and procede.
I'm in.

If anyone following this thread comes up with a way for the Windows UEFI boot loader to recognize the /boot partition automatically, please share. The above method is not that much of a pain, but an automatic boot whence windows recognizes Ubuntu as a boot option would be a somewhat more elegant affair. Also, I would prefer to have Windows handle the primary boot sequence, and not grub, as a personal preference, so I can live with the above until other options are available.


Install python in wine - configuring paths from winetricks?

When you run wine python, wine will assume that you are running it from the default prefix in ~/.wine.

To make it use another prefix, in your case you need to running with the WINEPREFIX option as such:

WINEPREFIX=/path/to/wineprefix wine executable

It should do the trick.


Possible Permissions Issue With Wordpress Plugins on Ubuntu Server

It appears this was actually a firewall issue, not a permissions issue. Opening up a certain range of IP addresses on UFW via the Wordfence support article fixed the issue.

The backupwordpress plugin seemed to work correctly once the DNS was resolved fully as well.


Update LibreOffice 4.2.4 in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Trusty

You are left with only one option: manual install

Remove LibreOffice: sudo apt-get remove libreoffice*
Download LibreOffice deb amd64 or i386.
Unarchive by right-clicking and choose Extract Here
Open a Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T)
cd to the download directory, then cd ./LibreOffice* and cd ./DEBS
Install: sudo dpkg -i *.deb


How to increase font size globally for programs running on wine in ubuntu 20.10?

You can set the default font size for all wine apps in the wine registry.
Type "wine regedit" in a terminal. Then navigate to HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG > Software > Fonts and change the LogPixels setting (or add it as a dword entry if it's not there). The default is equal to your screen resolution, I believe. Larger numbers will give you bigger fonts. Mine is personally set for 100 decimal. Your mileage may vary though.
If there's a way to set it for a single app I don't know. I'd be surprised if it couldn't be done though. Try checking the documentation over at winehq.
Source: https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-general-1/changing-font-size-in-wine-485257/


Renaming files by their modification date

Install exiftool
Use it to rename files according to the exif information in the image. Example:

for f in "$@"
do
    exiftool -ext jpg -d %Y%m%d_%H%M%S%%+c.%%le "-filename<CreateDate" "$f"
done

Adjust output file name format to suit.


Upgrading does not work due to unmet dependancies

Well since I cannot comment, first upload your sources.list file. And for the time do this:

$ sudo apt-get clean
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade


Make PC w/ Bluetooth fake Keyboard + mouse for other computer?

Yes I believe this is possible with something called Synergy.  It lets you use your internet(or LAN) connection to control multiple computers with one mouse and keyboard.

Here is a link : http://synergy-project.org/

I haven't used it in the manner your suggesting, but I believe it should work.

I haven't heard of a solution that uses Bluetooth to connect to multiple systems.

Hope this helps.


Since you have said that the installer is the same, I am just giving instructions based on my experience from installing Ubuntu.

I was going to use the option for a custom install, but didn't know where to put the boot loader.

Under the section Device for boot Loader Install select /dev/sda assuming you have only one Hard Disk.

 I also wanted to know if I should create a new partition from Windows. Or if I can do that from the installer

You can create the new partition from the installer itself.


Input methods stop working after drag&drop from desktop to application

I have no solution, but I've now experienced the same problem twice, with the same error messages in journalctl.  Not even restarting gdm helped me, I needed to reboot.
Both times it sure feels like Firefox was the culprit; the second time I was definitely trying to drag-and-drop, but I don't recall what was happening the first time.

Firefox 83.0
Ubuntu 20.10
Linux rg 5.8.0-33-generic #36-Ubuntu SMP Wed Dec 9 09:14:40 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Dec 12 17:06:18 rg gnome-shell[2704]: clutter_actor_allocate: assertion '!isnan (real_allocation.x1) && !isnan (real_allocation.x2) && !isnan (real_allocation.y1) && !isnan (real_allocation.y2)' failed
Dec 12 17:06:18 rg gnome-shell[2704]: Can't update stage views actor StWidget is on because it needs an allocation.
Dec 12 17:06:18 rg gnome-shell[2704]: Can't update stage views actor ClutterClone is on because it needs an allocation.
Dec 12 17:06:19 rg gnome-shell[2704]: value "inf" of type 'gfloat' is invalid or out of range for property 'x' of type 'gfloat'
Dec 12 17:06:19 rg gnome-shell[2704]: value "inf" of type 'gfloat' is invalid or out of range for property 'y' of type 'gfloat'
Dec 12 17:06:19 rg gnome-shell[2704]: value "-nan" of type 'gdouble' is invalid or out of range for property 'scale-x' of type 'gdouble'
Dec 12 17:06:19 rg gnome-shell[2704]: value "-nan" of type 'gdouble' is invalid or out of range for property 'scale-y' of type 'gdouble'
Dec 12 17:06:19 rg gnome-shell[2704]: JS ERROR: Error: Argument x: value is out of range for gfloat
                                      _onAnimationComplete@resource:///org/gnome/shell/ui/dnd.js:742:27
                                      onComplete@resource:///org/gnome/shell/ui/dnd.js:720:22
                                      _makeEaseCallback/<@resource:///org/gnome/shell/ui/environment.js:84:13
                                      _easeActor/<@resource:///org/gnome/shell/ui/environment.js:165:64
Dec 12 17:06:20 rg gnome-shell[2704]: clutter_actor_allocate: assertion '!isnan (real_allocation.x1) && !isnan (real_allocation.x2) && !isnan (real_allocation.y1) && !isnan (real_allocation.y2)' failed
Dec 12 17:06:20 rg gnome-shell[2704]: Can't update stage views actor StWidget is on because it needs an allocation.
Dec 12 17:06:20 rg gnome-shell[2704]: Can't update stage views actor ClutterClone is on because it needs an allocation.
Dec 12 17:06:24 rg gnome-shell[2704]: clutter_actor_allocate: assertion '!isnan (real_allocation.x1) && !isnan (real_allocation.x2) && !isnan (real_allocation.y1) && !isnan (real_allocation.y2)' failed


Toshiba Laptop ubuntu 12.10 recently overheats and turns off

I recommend trying thermald, this will actively monitor hot thermal zones and will try various methods to try and cool a machine.

Install with:

sudo apt-get install thermald

For more details, consult the kernel team thermald reference guide.


What does "gsettings get com.ubuntu.update-manager launch-time 1382579402" mean?

That's presumably a time in Unix epoch format, i.e. seconds since 01/01/1970 UTC. It tells you when update manager last ran (see e.g. here).

You can display it in a more user-friendly way with the date utility.

 $ date --date="@1382579402"
Thu Oct 24 03:50:02 CEST 2013

Or perl:

 $ perl -e 'print localtime(1382579402)."\n";'
Thu Oct 24 03:50:02 2013

To get the current time in that format:

 $ date +%s      # note: lowercase "s"
1393760872


Copy file from terminal and paste in GUI and vice versa

It seems like what you are looking for is a clipboard manager capable of "clipping" files of any type (as opposed to just un-formatted text), and you want this software to have a command-line interface, as well as the ability to use keyboard shortcuts to interact with GUI applications like your file manager.
I am not aware of any software in official Ubuntu repositories that would meet all of these qualifications.
But there does appear to be at least one open source (GPLv3) project that could meet your needs:
CopyQ
App Description:
CopyQ monitors system clipboard and saves its content in customized tabs. Saved clipboard can be later copied and pasted directly into any application.
Features Include:

Store text, HTML, images or any other custom formats
Advanced command-line interface and scripting
System-wide shortcuts with customizable commands
Paste items with shortcut or from tray or main window

There are installation paths for Ubuntu via PPA and there is also a "flatpak" under "com.github.hluk.copyq"
Since this is not in Ubuntu's repositories, that means that the Ubuntu community does not maintain this software nor does the Ubuntu community audit the software for bugs or vulnerabilities.  I personally can not vouch for it either, since I have not used it.  However, the project is fairly active on github and has extensive documentation as well as 145 contributors as of the authoring of this answer.  These are generally good signs that an application is safe to use.


How can I change the language preference in .bashrc file

gedit .bashrc

then put these lines in your ~/.bashrc

export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8

To make these changes active in the current shell, source the .bashrc:

source ~/.bashrc


No sound in Chrome after conversion to Ubuntu 14.10

Hallo AlphD nd David Foerster,

i do have the same problem.

Here is what pactl list gives back while running flash application youtube :

Sry but i have to split because pactl list output is to big,

if you have a preffered way to show bigger logs, tell me please and i will edit my

post ;-)

One Add:

I got a real fresh installation of ubuntu 14.10,

other audio works fine, except, browser streaming in chrome and stuff.

Part1 :

Modul #0
    Name: module-device-restore
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Automatically restore the volume/mute state of devices"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #1
    Name: module-stream-restore
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Automatically restore the volume/mute/device state of streams"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #2
    Name: module-card-restore
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Automatically restore profile of cards"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #3
    Name: module-augment-properties
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Augment the property sets of streams with additional static information"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #4
    Name: module-switch-on-port-available
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:

Modul #5
    Name: module-alsa-card
    Argument: device_id="2" name="pci-0000_01_00.1" card_name="alsa_card.pci-0000_01_00.1" namereg_fail=false tsched=yes fixed_latency_range=no ignore_dB=no deferred_volume=yes use_ucm=yes card_properties="module-udev-detect.discovered=1"
    Nutzungszähler: 0
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "ALSA Card"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #6
    Name: module-alsa-card
    Argument: device_id="0" name="pci-0000_00_03.0" card_name="alsa_card.pci-0000_00_03.0" namereg_fail=false tsched=yes fixed_latency_range=no ignore_dB=no deferred_volume=yes use_ucm=yes card_properties="module-udev-detect.discovered=1"
    Nutzungszähler: 0
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "ALSA Card"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #7
    Name: module-alsa-card
    Argument: device_id="1" name="pci-0000_00_1b.0" card_name="alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0" namereg_fail=false tsched=yes fixed_latency_range=no ignore_dB=no deferred_volume=yes use_ucm=yes card_properties="module-udev-detect.discovered=1"
    Nutzungszähler: 0
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "ALSA Card"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #8
    Name: module-udev-detect
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Detect available audio hardware and load matching drivers"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #9
    Name: module-bluetooth-policy
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Frédéric Dalleau"
        module.description = "When a bluetooth sink or source is added, load module-loopback"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #10
    Name: module-bluetooth-discover
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Joao Paulo Rechi Vita"
        module.description = "Detect available bluetooth audio devices and load bluetooth audio drivers"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #11
    Name: module-native-protocol-unix
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Native protocol (UNIX sockets)"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #12
    Name: module-default-device-restore
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Automatically restore the default sink and source"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #13
    Name: module-rescue-streams
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "When a sink/source is removed, try to move their streams to the default sink/source"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #14
    Name: module-always-sink
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
        module.description = "Hält stets einen Sink geladen, selbst wenn dies ein Null-Sink ist"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #15
    Name: module-intended-roles
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Automatically set device of streams based of intended roles of devices"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #16
    Name: module-suspend-on-idle
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "When a sink/source is idle for too long, suspend it"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #17
    Name: module-systemd-login
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Create a client for each login session of this user"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #18
    Name: module-position-event-sounds
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Position event sounds between L and R depending on the position on screen of the widget triggering them."
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #19
    Name: module-filter-heuristics
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
        module.description = "Detect when various filters are desirable"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #20
    Name: module-filter-apply
    Argument:
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
        module.description = "Load filter sinks automatically when needed"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #21
    Name: module-x11-publish
    Argument: display=:0
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "X11 credential publisher"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #22
    Name: module-x11-bell
    Argument: display=:0 sample=bell.ogg
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "X11 bell interceptor"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #23
    Name: module-x11-cork-request
    Argument: display=:0
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Synthesize X11 media key events when cork/uncork is requested"
        module.version = "4.0"

Modul #24
    Name: module-x11-xsmp
    Argument: display=:0 session_manager=local/wrigley-Z97X-SOC-Force:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/3370,unix/wrigley-Z97X-SOC-Force:/tmp/.ICE-unix/3370
    Nutzungszähler: k. A.
    Eigenschaften:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "X11 session management"
        module.version = "4.0"

Sink #0
    Status: SUSPENDED
    Name: alsa_output.pci-0000_01_00.1.hdmi-stereo-extra1
    Beschreibung: HDA NVidia Digital Stereo (HDMI)
    Treiber: module-alsa-card.c
    Sample-Angabe: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    Kanalzuordnung: front-left,front-right
    Besitzermodul: 5
    Stumm: no
    Lautstärke: 0: 100% 1: 100%
            0: 0,00 dB 1: 0,00 dB
    Verteilung 0,00
    Basislautstärke: 100%
                 0,00 dB
    Quellenüberwachung: alsa_output.pci-0000_01_00.1.hdmi-stereo-extra1.monitor
    Latenz: 0 usec, eingestellt 0 usec
    Merkmale: HARDWARE DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY SET_FORMATS
    Eigenschaften:
        alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
        device.api = "alsa"
        device.class = "sound"
        alsa.class = "generic"
        alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
        alsa.name = "HDMI 1"
        alsa.id = "HDMI 1"
        alsa.subdevice = "0"
        alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
        alsa.device = "7"
        alsa.card = "2"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA NVidia"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA NVidia at 0xf7080000 irq 17"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:01:00.1"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.1/sound/card2"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "10de"
        device.vendor.name = "NVIDIA Corporation"
        device.product.id = "0fbb"
        device.string = "hdmi:2,1"
        device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
        device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
        device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
        device.profile.name = "hdmi-stereo-extra1"
        device.profile.description = "Digital Stereo (HDMI)"
        device.description = "HDA NVidia Digital Stereo (HDMI)"
        alsa.mixer_name = "Nvidia GPU 71 HDMI/DP"
        alsa.components = "HDA:10de0071,1458367a,00100100"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    Profile:
        hdmi-output-1: HDMI / DisplayPort 2 (priority: 5800, available)
    Aktive Profile: hdmi-output-1
    Formate:
        pcm

Sink #1
    Status: SUSPENDED
    Name: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_03.0.hdmi-stereo
    Beschreibung: Internes Audio Digital Stereo (HDMI)
    Treiber: module-alsa-card.c
    Sample-Angabe: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    Kanalzuordnung: front-left,front-right
    Besitzermodul: 6
    Stumm: no
    Lautstärke: 0: 100% 1: 100%
            0: 0,00 dB 1: 0,00 dB
    Verteilung 0,00
    Basislautstärke: 100%
                 0,00 dB
    Quellenüberwachung: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_03.0.hdmi-stereo.monitor
    Latenz: 0 usec, eingestellt 0 usec
    Merkmale: HARDWARE DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY SET_FORMATS
    Eigenschaften:
        alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
        device.api = "alsa"
        device.class = "sound"
        alsa.class = "generic"
        alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
        alsa.name = "HDMI 0"
        alsa.id = "HDMI 0"
        alsa.subdevice = "0"
        alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
        alsa.device = "3"
        alsa.card = "0"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel HDMI"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel HDMI at 0xf7914000 irq 51"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:03.0"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.0/sound/card0"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "8086"
        device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
        device.product.id = "0c0c"
        device.product.name = "Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller"
        device.form_factor = "internal"
        device.string = "hdmi:0"
        device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
        device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
        device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
        device.profile.name = "hdmi-stereo"
        device.profile.description = "Digital Stereo (HDMI)"
        device.description = "Internes Audio Digital Stereo (HDMI)"
        alsa.mixer_name = "Intel Haswell HDMI"
        alsa.components = "HDA:80862807,80860101,00100000"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    Profile:
        hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority: 5900, not available)
    Aktive Profile: hdmi-output-0
    Formate:
        pcm

Sink #2
    Status: SUSPENDED
    Name: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo
    Beschreibung: Internes Audio Analog Stereo
    Treiber: module-alsa-card.c
    Sample-Angabe: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    Kanalzuordnung: front-left,front-right
    Besitzermodul: 7
    Stumm: no
    Lautstärke: 0: 100% 1: 100%
            0: 0,00 dB 1: 0,00 dB
    Verteilung 0,00
    Basislautstärke: 100%
                 0,00 dB
    Quellenüberwachung: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo.monitor
    Latenz: 0 usec, eingestellt 0 usec
    Merkmale: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY
    Eigenschaften:
        alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
        device.api = "alsa"
        device.class = "sound"
        alsa.class = "generic"
        alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
        alsa.name = "ALC1150 Analog"
        alsa.id = "ALC1150 Analog"
        alsa.subdevice = "0"
        alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
        alsa.device = "0"
        alsa.card = "1"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xf7910000 irq 49"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card1"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "8086"
        device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
        device.product.id = "8ca0"
        device.product.name = "9 Series Chipset Family HD Audio Controller"
        device.form_factor = "internal"
        device.string = "front:1"
        device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
        device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
        device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
        device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
        device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo"
        device.description = "Internes Audio Analog Stereo"
        alsa.mixer_name = "Realtek ALC1150"
        alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0900,1458a172,00100001"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    Profile:
        analog-output: Analoge Ausgabe (priority: 9900)
        analog-output-headphones: Analoge Kopfhörer (priority: 9000, not available)
    Aktive Profile: analog-output
    Formate:
        pcm

Quelle #0
    Status: SUSPENDED
    Name: alsa_output.pci-0000_01_00.1.hdmi-stereo-extra1.monitor
    Beschreibung: Monitor of HDA NVidia Digital Stereo (HDMI)
    Treiber: module-alsa-card.c
    Sample-Angabe: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    Kanalzuordnung: front-left,front-right
    Besitzer-Modul: 5
    Stumm: no
    Lautstärke: 0: 100% 1: 100%
            0: 0,00 dB 1: 0,00 dB
            Verteilung 0,00
    Basis-Lautstärke: 100%
                 0,00 dB
    Sink-Monitor: alsa_output.pci-0000_01_00.1.hdmi-stereo-extra1
    Latenz: 0 usec, eingestellt 0 usec
    Flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY
    Eigenschaften:
        device.description = "Monitor of HDA NVidia Digital Stereo (HDMI)"
        device.class = "monitor"
        alsa.card = "2"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA NVidia"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA NVidia at 0xf7080000 irq 17"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:01:00.1"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.1/sound/card2"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "10de"
        device.vendor.name = "NVIDIA Corporation"
        device.product.id = "0fbb"
        device.string = "2"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    Formate:
        pcm

Quelle #1
    Status: SUSPENDED
    Name: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_03.0.hdmi-stereo.monitor
    Beschreibung: Monitor of Internes Audio Digital Stereo (HDMI)
    Treiber: module-alsa-card.c
    Sample-Angabe: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    Kanalzuordnung: front-left,front-right
    Besitzer-Modul: 6
    Stumm: no
    Lautstärke: 0: 100% 1: 100%
            0: 0,00 dB 1: 0,00 dB
            Verteilung 0,00
    Basis-Lautstärke: 100%
                 0,00 dB
    Sink-Monitor: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_03.0.hdmi-stereo
    Latenz: 0 usec, eingestellt 0 usec
    Flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY
    Eigenschaften:
        device.description = "Monitor of Internes Audio Digital Stereo (HDMI)"
        device.class = "monitor"
        alsa.card = "0"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel HDMI"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel HDMI at 0xf7914000 irq 51"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:03.0"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.0/sound/card0"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "8086"
        device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
        device.product.id = "0c0c"
        device.product.name = "Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller"
        device.form_factor = "internal"
        device.string = "0"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    Formate:
        pcm

Quelle #2
    Status: SUSPENDED
    Name: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo.monitor
    Beschreibung: Monitor of Internes Audio Analog Stereo
    Treiber: module-alsa-card.c
    Sample-Angabe: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    Kanalzuordnung: front-left,front-right
    Besitzer-Modul: 7
    Stumm: no
    Lautstärke: 0: 100% 1: 100%
            0: 0,00 dB 1: 0,00 dB
            Verteilung 0,00
    Basis-Lautstärke: 100%
                 0,00 dB
    Sink-Monitor: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo
    Latenz: 0 usec, eingestellt 0 usec
    Flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY
    Eigenschaften:
        device.description = "Monitor of Internes Audio Analog Stereo"
        device.class = "monitor"
        alsa.card = "1"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xf7910000 irq 49"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card1"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "8086"
        device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
        device.product.id = "8ca0"
        device.product.name = "9 Series Chipset Family HD Audio Controller"
        device.form_factor = "internal"
        device.string = "1"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    Formate:
        pcm

I really appreciate any help guys!

Thanks a lot!


After update, i cant see albert launcher, and i need to get to settings non-gui way

Remove albert's config file.

rm .config/albert/albert.conf


System is not booting even from windows Bootable original cd

I could recover grub many times by following these instructions at: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Grub2#Recover

First of all, you must start your system from a live cd. Then

"METHOD 3 - CHROOT

This method of installation uses the chroot command to gain access to the broken system's files. Once the chroot command is issued, the LiveCD treats the broken system's / as its own. Commands run in a chroot environment will affect the broken systems filesystems and not those of the LiveCD.

1) Boot to the LiveCD Desktop (Ubuntu 9.10 or later). Please note that the Live CD must be the same as the system you are fixing - either 32-bit or 64-bit (if not then the chroot will fail).

2) Open a terminal - Applications, Accessories, Terminal.
3) Determine your normal system partition - (the switch is a lowercase "L")

sudo fdisk -l

If you aren't sure, run
df -Th  Look for the correct disk size and ext3 or ext4 format.

4) Mount your normal system partition:

Substitute the correct partition: sda1, sdb5, etc.
sudo mount /dev/sdXX /mnt   # Example: sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

5) Only if you have a separate boot partition:
sdYY is the /boot partition designation (for example sdb3)

 sudo mount /dev/sdYY /mnt/boot

6)
Mount the critical virtual filesystems:

 sudo mount --bind /dev  /mnt/dev
sudo mount --bind /dev/pts  /mnt/dev/pts
sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
sudo mount --bind /sys  /mnt/sys

7)
Chroot into your normal system device:

sudo chroot /mnt

8) If there is no /boot/grub/grub.cfg or it's not correct, create one using

update-grub

9)
Reinstall GRUB 2:

Substitute the correct device - sda, sdb, etc. Do not specify a partition number.

grub-install /dev/sdX

10) Verify the install (use the correct device, for example sda. Do not specify a partition):  sudo grub-install --recheck /dev/sdX
11)
Exit chroot: CTRL-D on keyboard
12)
Unmount virtual filesystems:

sudo umount /mnt/dev/pts
sudo umount /mnt/dev
sudo umount /mnt/proc
sudo umount /mnt/sys

13)
If you mounted a separate /boot partition:

sudo umount /mnt/boot

14)
Unmount the LiveCD's /usr directory:

sudo umount /mnt/usr

15)
Unmount last device:

sudo umount /mnt

16)
Reboot.
sudo reboot "


Is there still no way to delete and rename files in Libre Office?

In Libre Writer from the menubar go to:

Tools - Options - Libre Office -General

and mark the "Use Libre Office Dialogue Boxes":

Now you may delete or rename files withing the open dialogue box!

There is another way to delete files without changing default options (for Unity desktop):

In Libre Office Writer go to File - Open (Ctrl + O):

Drag the file you want delete and drop it to the "Trash" icon on the lower left corner.

Edit: If you are using Gnome, you will have to customize your desktop a bit for this.

Install gnome-tweak-tool

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

Enable "Show Trash on the desktop" option within Gnome tweak tools.
Resize Libre Open dialog, i.e make it smaller so that it will allow you to see that Trash icon.


I'm trying to mount Ubuntu to a dvd and make it bootable. I just cannot figure out how to do it.

Assuming that you mean by "mounting" just simply burning it to a DVD and using the Live-Feature:
Depending on the operating system you are using now just download a DVD burning application (a) and download the ISO-image from the official Ubuntu site.

Then burn this image using the "burn image to disc"-feature without extracting the files from the ISO file to your harddisk. (Some users of tools like WinRAR get confused because WinRAR recognizes ISO-Files as archive files.) So, just select the ISO file using your burning application and create a DVD file.

Then insert this Disc into your computer and try to reboot. In many cases the computer would automatically boot from the inserted disc. Otherwise you should see your BIOS (normally you can enter BIOS by pressing  or  or some other F-Key during the boot sequence) and set there the boot sequency to first boot from Disc-/DVD-Drives.

(a) some tools for Windows to burn DVDs would be DiscBurner XP or ImageBurn. For Ubuntu there's available Brasero, K3b and many more.


ubuntu 13.04 64bit on pentium 4, 2 GHz with 2 GB RAM

You have not provided enough information on your processor to determine whether it is of 64 or 32-bit. If you are already running Windows, try this link here

If your pentium cpu is indeed a 64-bit cpu, you can safely go on to installing a 64-bit flavour of Ubuntu; otherwise, stay with the 32-bit version.


How do I copy only files that overwrite others in a directory

You should be able to achieve this with rsync, using the --existing flag:

        --existing              skip creating new files on receiver

Ex. given

$ tree -a A/ B/
A/
├── bar
├── baz
├── foo
└── .hidden
B/
├── bam
├── baz
├── foo
└── .hidden

0 directories, 8 files

where baz, foo and .hidden are common but bar exists only on the source and bam only on the target, then (note: I've included the verbose -v and -n "dry run" flag for the purpose of illustration):

$ rsync -avn --existing A/ B/
sending incremental file list
.hidden
baz
foo

sent 152 bytes  received 25 bytes  354.00 bytes/sec
total size is 0  speedup is 0.00 (DRY RUN)

only updates baz, foo and .hidden. (Files that exist only on the destination are   ignored by default.)

You can verify that without --existing, bar would also be copied:

$ rsync -avn A/ B/
sending incremental file list
.hidden
bar
baz
foo

sent 155 bytes  received 28 bytes  366.00 bytes/sec
total size is 0  speedup is 0.00 (DRY RUN)


How do I turn a laptop into headless Ubuntu server?

Here are asked four questions/requirements and some of them are not compatible each other. If it will be a home server with public access (as it sounds like), I would just install Ubuntu Server and will close the lid of the laptop to make it headless.

Setup SSH

To install SSH server on Ubuntu execute the following commands (or tick Open SSH Server during Ubuntu Server's installation process; the openssh-client should be installed by default):

sudo apt update
sudo apt install openssh-server openssh-sftp-server

Now you should be able to connect to the SSH server through the loopback interface (from/to the server itself) by the command:

ssh <user>@localhost

Setup key based authentication to increase the security. First create the directory .ssh within your user's home directory: mkdir ~/.ssh

Then, from a remote instance (from your LAN), let's assume it is also Ubuntu, execute the following steps (source):

Generating RSA Keys (enter passphrase for more security in case someone steal your key, it should be different from your user's password):

mkdir ~/.ssh
chmod 700 ~/.ssh
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Transfer the Client Key to the Server (note):

ssh-copy-id <user>@<server-lan-ip>

Now you should be able to connect to the SSH server with key authentication (you should enter your passphrase if you've setup it):

ssh <user>@<server-lan-ip>

Once this works, you could disable the password authentication of the Server by editing the file /etc/ssh/sshd_config in this way:

#PasswordAuthentication yes
PasswordAuthentication no

Don't forgot to restart the SSH server: sudo systemctl restart sshd.service

If you are planning to use encrypted home directory you should tweak your SSH configuration (on the server side) as it is described here: SSH is allowing remote connections only after a local login to the server.

No login prompt at reboot or How to prevent login with physical access

I wold say, in my opinion, this is not necessary. Within Ubuntu, the login with root is disabled by default. That means, as local Server's administrator, you should login with a user that could have a hard to guess (odd, meaningless) username and strong password. And, I think, this is enough in this case where you should guess the password by hand writing. If you want to add more security you can setup two factor authentication.

Actually, first, you should disable the Recovery mode in order to prevent login with physical access as root. It is accessible within the 'Advanced options' in the GRUB's menu, that can be reached through long press of the Shift key during the boot.

If you really want to disable the TTYs to prevent the login with physical access, within nowadays Ubuntu versions (15.04+) that uses systemd, you can edit the file /etc/systemd/logind.conf in the following way, that will disable the TTYs from 2 to 6 (source):

[Login]
NAutoVTs=0

TTY-1 is hard coded and will stay active. To disable TTY-1 use the following command that will symlink it to /dev/null (source):

sudo systemctl mask getty@tty1.service    # use `unmask` to remove the symlink

Now restart the system and the TTYs should be unavailable.

Deactivate Screen and Keyboard

The screen and the keyboard of a laptop could be deactivated through GRUB. For this purpose edit the file /etc/default/grub and modify the following line in the shown way (where <default parameters> are the parameters that already exists):

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="<default parameters> i8042.nokbd video=LVDS-1:d"

Then execute sudo update-grub and reboot the system. These additional kernel parameters will deactivate the keyboard and the screen of the laptop. My research shows that they will fit to almost every laptop brand/model.

You can override these parameters by pressing the e key within the GRUB menu. With these settings, if you plug in external keyboard and monitor (why not and mouse) they must work.

Full disk encryption

A short internet research shows that there are available few approaches how to make full disk encryption, for example:

The article Manual Full System Encryption on Ubuntu Documentation / Community Wiki.
Full disk encryption with Ubuntu installation (using MinimalCD) Video manual on YouTybe.

  Please note! "A consequence of full system encryption is that you need
  to type in your system passphrase each time you power on your
  computer..."

So, if you setup full disk encryption and disable the keyboard and the display this will make impossible to run the system after reboot.

Here are few additional notes about the encryption: Using a VPS service, can I prevent my data from being accessible by the VPS host?

Think twice before setup full disk encryption!

This will add security only in a case your device is stolen and its HDD/SSD is attached to an another host. During the working process of your Server the disk will be decrypted in order to be accessible for the system. So this will not add extra network security.

In the same beginning - do you really need this additional headache? I would spend this time to learn about how to use LVM.

Maybe you would like to use encrypted home directory to prevent the other users of the system to access your personal files. In this case unless you are not logged-in your personal data will be encrypted.

Note if you are planning to be stand alone administrator of this Server you do not need to do that, because you can restrict the access to your files and folders effectively through the permissions.

While you are logged-in your home will be decrypted in order to be accessible for your user and if there is an another administrator - someone that can use the sudo command, - which is maliciously tuned (!?), he or she could access your files.

Maybe the most effective way to keep your sensitive data secure is to use encrypted folder (or just encrypted archive file). Thus, before decrypt the folder (file), you could check who is logged-in (as root).


unable to launch startxfce4 x session --- "startxfce4" not found

sudo su
apt-get update
apt-get dist-upgrade
apt-get install --reinstall xubuntu-desktop


You can use nc for it as well with the -U option.

Example

Open listening socket in one terminal

nc -lU socket.sock

Input of data on the other terminal:

echo mytext | nc -U socket.sock

Watch the mytext being printed on the first terminal. By default nc stops listening after an End-of-File character, but I assume your server can decide on its own.


Installing alongside Win7; entire disk shows as unallocated

Parted, which is used by Ubuntu's installer, generally complains when you try to list partitons on a drive whose partition table is in some way invalid. Unfortunately the error from libparted isn't displayed by either Ubuntu's installer or GParted. Instead, because of the error, they get no information about the existing partitions and these front ends act as if the drive is not partitioned at all. You'll need to determine what is wrong with your partition table and fix it before attempting to install Ubuntu. That is why I asked you to post the output of sudo parted -l, as parted will tell you what problem it has detected and from that we can help you fix it.


Added 2nd HDD, created new mount point for /mnt/datanew, get you are not the owner

You also need to tell the system you are the owner of the mount point. So when logged in with your user do ($USER will be automagically changed to your user name):

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /mnt/datanew


Can not get rid of too new NVIDIA driver from initrd

It seems from here you have two mixed drivers installed:

310.X installed manually (with the installer from nVidia website);
nvidia-current-updates from Ubuntu repos.

First of all you will need to uninstall the 310 driver. If you installed it from a .run file downloaded from nVidia website, you can do that using:

sudo sh /path/to/NVIDIA-Linux-<version>.run --uninstall

After this you can install some driver from the default repositories. If you need to use a 310 driver you can install the experimental one:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-experimental-310

despite being named "experimental" I used it for some time and had found no problems at all.

Or you can stay with the 304 driver you already have:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall nvidia-current-updates

If after rebooting you still need to compile the driver before each startup, check the following:

Check you have dkms installed: sudo apt-get install dkms;
Check you have the kernel headers needed to compile the module: sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)
Run sudo update-initramfs -u and watch for warnings/errors.


Enter password only once for shell script

Remove the sudo from the commands in the script, and run the actual script as root, eg.

#!/bin/bash
apt-get update;
sleep 10;
apt-get upgrade;
sleep 10;
youtube-dl -U;
sleep 10;
shutdown -h now;
exit 0

And run it with sudo ./my-script.sh


ELAN touchpad suddenly stopped working, worked the day before

Turns out, it's a hardware problem. The same issues have shown even when booted in Windows and charger connected.


Ubuntu only recognizes 1 audio jack out of two

Try editing the /etc/modprobe.d/alienware-audio-fix.conf file

gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alienware-audio-fix.conf

and adding the following:

options snd-hda-intel model=dell-eq

It's lets the sound driver know what type of computer you are using (when autodetection fails).


Firefox 88: No window redrawing after upgrade

As a workaround: disabling hardware acceleration worked:

open browser in safe mode (firefox --safe-mode)
type about:preferences in address bar
search for hardware
uncheck use recommended performance settings
uncheck use hardware acceleration


would removing compiz from ubuntu 14.04 affect unity or any other such dependencies?

The simple answer is Yes - removing compiz from Ubuntu 14.04 will affect Unity - in-fact it will remove Unity.

You need to understand that Unity on 14.04 is basically a very large Compiz plugin.

Lets have a closer look without affecting your current install:

sudo apt-get -s remove compiz

This is a simulated removal - nothing will actually be removed:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED
  compiz ubuntu-desktop unity unity-tweak-tool
0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 4 to remove and 0 not to upgrade.
Remv unity-tweak-tool [0.0.6ubuntu1]
Remv ubuntu-desktop [1.325]
Remv unity [7.2.0+14.04.20140416-0ubuntu1]
Remv compiz [1:0.9.11+14.04.20140409-0ubuntu1]

As you can see - say bye-bye to Unity if you remove compiz.

Given the gist of your question - you perhaps dont have the optimal graphics card and/or driver for this graphics card.

You can check this via this Q&A to see if your graphics card is supporting Unity-3D - any no answers means that Unity is running sub-optimally.

If you are using and AMD or NVIDIA graphics card you should check if there is a proprietary driver available to be installed.  This can greatly help with complex animations & transitions that Unity require.

If after these checks you still want to reduce the Compiz effects, then we've already got a brilliant answers for this - try some of the suggestions to remove the more complex animations such as Compiz Blur.

Alternatively, you may wish to try a lighter desktop environment that is more suitable to your hardware.  Suggestions are xubuntu and lubuntu - both of which you can install straight away - you dont need to remove your current installation.

What kinds of desktop environments and shells are available?
Is it possible to use multiple desktop environments on same system?


You want to use the next-server parameter in dhcp.conf to point to the tftp server.

An example from a LTSP entry which does what you want.

host thinclient {
  hardware ethernet   00:00:00:00:00:00;
  fixed-address       192.168.1.100;
  next-server         192.168.1.1;
  option root-path    "/path/to/root";
  filename            "/path/to/boot/image";
}

In this case the thin client boots, is given the .1.100 address and is pointed to 192.168.1.1 for tftp.


How to enter newline in table cell where the text orientation is vertical (Libreoffice Writer)?

Try pressing Shift-Enter after "Line 1" and type "Line 2"


AMD Radeon R7-450 graphics card driver for ubuntu16.04

try this driver http://support.amd.com/en-us/kb-articles/Pages/AMD-Radeon-GPU-PRO-Linux-Beta-Driver%E2%80%93Release-Notes.aspx

they are precompiled version of drivers


New installation of ubuntu is super choppy

I don't know anything about the i915 warning, I use a 6600 myself and didn't notice anything like it, but I had the same experience you did: Live CD was running smoothly, but the installed system was very slow. Using top I could see xorg (the graphical server) using 100% of the CPU's power, a sign it wasn't using proper hardware acceleration..

Ubuntu 16.04 comes with the 4.4 kernel, which doesn't come with support for the amdgpu drivers the RX series cards use.

You basically have three options:

Install Ubuntu 16.10, which comes with the 4.7 kernel which should
support the Rx 480 properly (although I had troubles making HDMI
audio work on 16.10 even with the proprietary drivers).
Update just your kernel. I haven't tried this one so I won't cover it here.
Install the proprietary AMDGPU-PRO drivers. This is probably the easiest one. There's an installation guide on the official site for the drivers (at http://support.amd.com/en-us/kb-articles/Pages/AMDGPU-PRO-Install.aspx) but I'll be giving a slightly more detailed explanation here.

Installing the AMDGPU-PRO Drivers

First, open a terminal. You can use Ctrl+Alt+T. If you think your UI is too slow to do this procedure, you can drop to text-only mode with Ctrl+Alt+F1 instead and login with your username/password (if you want to go back to graphical mode, use Ctrl+Alt+F7).

First, lets update our packages. Run sudo apt-get update and input your password if asked to download an up-to-date package list, and after that's finished run sudo apt-get upgrade to download and install the most recent version of all your packages. Confirm any prompt given.

Now we need to download the AMDGPU-PRO drivers. These can be found at http://support.amd.com/en-us/kb-articles/Pages/AMDGPU-PRO-Driver-for-Linux-Release-Notes.aspx (unfortunately I wasn't able to download them through command line, so you'll have to either use a browser via the graphical interface or download through another computer/OS and transfer the file).

I'll assume you downloaded the 16.60 version and it's now on your Downloads folder. Now we need to extract it. Go into your downloads folder with cd ~/Downloads. Then type tar xf amdgpu-pro-16.60-379184.tar.xz(hint: you can type just tar xf amd and use the Tab key to auto-complete the name). Now we go into the extracted directory with cd amdgpu-pro-16.60-379184 (hint: you can use Tab to auto-complete again).

Now we run chmod u+x ./amdgpu-pro-install to mark the installer as executable and finally we run it with ./amdgpu-pro-install. After that's done we need to reboot our system to reload the graphical interface. In the command line this can be done with Ctrl+Alt+Del.

This should Ubuntu run with proper hardware acceleration, getting rid of the terrible choppiness you were experiencing.


Windows XP & Ubuntu 12.10 shutdown problem

Step 1: Go to terminal and type

 sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

It will open the grub file. Change the line

 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

To

 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi=force apm=power_off"

and close it after saving.

  Step 2: Again hit the terminal and type

 sudo gedit /etc/modules

It will open the modules - just type apm power_off=1 below lp and save the file.

  Step 3: Next type in the terminal

 sudo update-grub


From my interaction the ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim was not yet set up. So these are the steps to setup VundleVim.

Create /home/$USER/.vim/bundle

mkdir -p /home/$USER/.vim/bundle

Clone the git repository into bundle directory:

git clone https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim

Now create a .vimrc file if not there:

touch /home/$USER/.vimrc

Add these lines to it:

" no vi compat
set nocompatible

" filetype func off
filetype off

" initialize vundle
set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim

call vundle#begin()
" start- all plugins below

Plugin 'VundleVim/Vundle.vim'
Plugin 'mattn/emmet-vim'
Plugin 'morhetz/gruvbox'
Plugin 'itchyny/lightline.vim'
Plugin 'scrooloose/nerdtree.git'
Plugin 'davidhalter/jedi-vim'
Plugin 'pangloss/vim-javascript'
Plugin 'groenewege/vim-less'
Plugin 'taglist.vim'
Plugin 'elzr/vim-json'
Plugin 'airblade/vim-gitgutter' " http://vimawesome.com/plugin/vim-gutter
Plugin 'wincent/command-t'      " fast buffer browser

" stop - all plugins above
call vundle#end()

" filetype func on
filetype plugin indent on

Now run vim +PluginInstall +qall from the terminal or from within vim, :PluginInstall

Note: These are the basic configuration to get VundleVim working and I have added my own plugins you will need to add yours. Get more plgins from here.

Source:

https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim


How can I change the screen (graphics card) that the system uses when booting and disable the other one?

I've found the solution here: Ubuntu 18.04 login screen Display settings

You have to change your settings as desired with your user logged in and then perform this two commands in the terminal:

sudo cp ~/.config/monitors.xml ~gdm/.config/monitors.xml

sudo chown gdm:gdm ~gdm/.config/monitors.xml


Apple Magic Trackpad multitouch configuration

So far I've only had success in 10.10 by using the "synaptics" driver.

Put the following in your xorg.conf:

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "multitouch touchpad"
        MatchIsTouchpad "on"
        MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
        Driver "synaptics"
EndSection

Once that's done, you should be able to tweak the cursor speed, scrolling speed and other parameters with gpointing-device-settings. Not sure if it's legacy now, but you may need

Option "SHMConfig" "True"

in the above section for that as well.


Install firmwares package

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-firmware

Then reboot, see if works.
If It didn't work, blacklist the rt2800pci module

echo "blacklist rt2800pci" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-myrt2800pci.conf

Then reboot.


No Package name given for dpkg: package is in a very bad inconsistent state;

I found the answer. The package was named, it was "at".

sudo dpkg --audit

It responded:
The following packages are in a mess due to serious problems during
installation.  They must be reinstalled for them (and any packages
that depend on them) to function properly:
 at                   Delayed job execution and batch processing

sudo apt-get install --reinstall at -f

sudo dpkg --audit

No errors

then ran:

sudo apt-get autoremove && sudo apt-get autoclean

No errors

It all started when I was trying to install a driver for my Epson WF-4630


When cloning ext4 partition with the "dd" command to a bigger partition free space doesn't increase

I assume you are doing something like:

sudo dd if=/dev/sda98 of=/dev/sda99

where /dev/sda98 has a size of 12GB and /dev/sda99 is 25GB in size.

Obviously these names are wrong, but you get the idea.

What you have done is to move not just the data but the entire file system, including all of its metadata describing what's free and what's used, to the new partition. It has lot's of free space but that free space hasn't been incorporated into the file system on /dev/sda99 so its hidden at the end of the partition and completely unusable.

The solution is to resize the file system located in the partition:

sudo resize2fs /dev/sda99

it works on EXT2, EXT3, and EXT4 file systems.

I'd encourage you to make a backup first, but I assume you still have the data in the original partition.

This will tell the file system to expand into all available space on the partition, incorporating the new space into the file systems's metadata so files can be stored in it.

You can't copy a bigger partition to a smaller partition with dd unless you tell it to only copy so much with the count parameter. dd does a bit for bit copy of everything in the source partition to the target partition, in this case it tries to copy all of the hidden/invisible space to the smaller partition along with the original contents. It has no idea or care about what it is copying--it needn't be a valid file system at all.


I believe you want: Wpa 1/2 (passphrase) .


Installing can I install gstreamer 1.4 on ubuntu 14.04?

Open your terminal and paste these line after line

wget http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/src/gstreamer/gstreamer-1.4.0.tar.xz
tar -xvf gstreamer-1.4.0.tar.xz
cd gstreamer-1.4.0

./configure --prefix=/usr \
            --with-package-name="GStreamer 1.4.0 BLFS" \
            --with-package-origin="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/" &&
make
sudo make install

It will install and source


Where is file binary and library of mariadb and mysql?

Make sure you are run as root. Use this command to check are there no packages contain "mysql" and "mariadb" remain installed.

dpkg --get-selections | grep mysql
dpkg --get-selections | grep mariadb

Example response:

libmariadb3:amd64               install
mariadb-client                  install
mariadb-client-10.4             install
mariadb-client-core-10.4            install
mariadb-common                  install
mariadb-server                  install
mariadb-server-10.4             install
mariadb-server-core-10.4            install

Purge all package which contain word "mariadb" and "mysql" and make sure it is mysql or mariadb package. Because maybe you will found other packages contain those words but it's not mariadb or mysql package (i.e php-mysql). Don't purge it! Just purge mysql and mariadb package.

apt-get purge *packagename*

Then clear with:

apt-get autoremove

And reboot if needed.

After that check are there still packages that contain word "mysql" and "mariadb". If thera are not yet. You can reinstall mariadb or mysql.

Good luck.


How to patch Wine and use it In playonlinux

I'm not sure what you really want to do (use your PPA'd wine in POL? build wine from source for POL?) but here's what I did to patch a beta wine (1.7 at the time of writing) for testing with POL.

Notes:

I'm using wine instead of wine1.7 because it maps to the newest wine so it will work when the beta is 1.8
I'm building on an amd64 architecture, which means I'm doing it the hard way. I'm assuming most people now are on amd64, so you should be fine. If you are on i386, then life is simpler for you, but unfortunately this guide will not cover you well. Either figure it out on your own or ping me and I'll see how I can help.

Instructions

Install the ubuntu dev tools: sudo apt-get install ubuntu-dev-tools
Add the Wine beta PPA to ubuntu as explained here: sudo apt-add-repository -sy ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa && sudo apt-get update (the -s flag is needed to enable source download)
Download and patch wine as explained here:

Install build dependencies: sudo apt-add-repository -y ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
Download source to a build directory: mkdir -p ~/src/wine-patches; cd ~/src/wine-patches; apt-get source wine
patch your source: cd wine*-*; patch -p1 < your.patch

(you may need to massage your patch a bit to fit)

commit your changes to the package: dpkg-source --commit

This will ask you for your patch name (just type something that makes sense) then open an editor with a lot of template text followed by the text of your patch. make sure to edit the Description field and remove all the boiler plate comments, then save.
build the deb: dpkg-buildpackage
wait... go get a cup of coffee... wait some more... go see a show on tv... wait even more... until it is done.
get back to the root of the build tree, where dpkg put our deb files: cd ..
Now, because we are on amd64, we just got some amd64 deb files, and we also need the i386 deb files (that's how wine on amd64 works, as it has to load 32-bit windows binaries). So we'll need to cross-build the i386 binaries (if you are on a i386 already, then you can skip this step):

Load some variables: source /etc/lsb-release (I use it so I won't have to know the env code name)
Create the pbuilder environment for i386: pbuilder-dist $DISTRIB_CODENAME i386 create
Build wine again with pbuilder: pbuilder-dist $DISTRIB_CODENAME i386 build wine*.dsc --buildresult .
Wait some more... you know the drill.

Now the next bit is a bit hacky, because dpkg built us some deb files that are meant to be installed to the root of a FSH-compliant Linux system and thus have everything inside a /usr directory, which the PlayOnLinux type install does not need, so we'll need to extract the deb files into a structure that makes sense to POL:

create a temporary working area: mkdir root
extract the deb files: for deb in *.deb; do dpkg -x $deb root; done (this will extract the dev and dbg package as well. I don't care, but if you do - write your own command :-p ).
The above command creates lots of files in root/usr which we will need to move to the new POL wine tree, but first we'd need to create a base directory: mkdir -p ~/.PlayOnLinux/wine/linux-x86/<version>-<your-patch-name> (I'm installing into the wine 32 bit directory, because I'm only interested in using 32 bit under POL. its possible to install to amd64 if you've built on an amd64).
Move some files around: mv root/usr/{bin,share} <your-pol-wine-dir>
Move the correct lib directory: mv root/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu <your-pol-wine-dir>/lib

That's it - your new wine version should be listed in PlayOnLinux's UI and you should be able to use it. This set of instructions are for the beta releases, which tend to be a bit unstable at times - so YMMV. If it doesn't look good, try to repeat the process with a stable version, such as wine1.6.


I eventually found the shortcut Ctrl+M, which worked perfectly, so asked a new question so I could provide the answer.


Unable to built samba 4.10.6 from source

You need to do a lot of work here:

exclude Anaconda from this compilation by setting usual PATH variable

export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin
get all needed build-dependencies from repository with

sudo apt-get build-dep samba

compile source to binary deb-package with sudo checkinstall make install
install resulting deb-package.

But I'll recommend to save CPU power and time while using binary package from PPA ppa:linux-schools/samba-latest.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linux-schools/samba-latest
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get install samba

And if you want to revert to previous Samba version - use the following commands to purge PPA:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:linux-schools/samba-latest


How to prevent CPU governor from changing automatically on laptop power?

This is probably a silly pm script that is doing this but I don't know it off the top of my head. If you militantly want to stick to powersave, run the following in a terminal:

sudo install -b -m 744 <(<<EOF
#! /bin sh

sleep 5

for CPUFREQ in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor
do
    [ -f $CPUFREQ ] || continue
    echo -n powersave > $CPUFREQ
done
EOF) /etc/pm/power.d/99-powersave

The embedded script there will then run whenever your power situation changes. We don't really need to target the on_ac_power event at all. This will just set powersave whenever it can.

It sleeps for five seconds before running just in case whatever is setting it to ondemand takes a little while to trigger.


How can I input punctuation marks like ellipsis?

I think what you are looking for is in the Unicode composition section of the Ubuntu documentation for the ComposeKey. The next bit is based on the instructions in that section.

Another means to enter non-keycap characters is to enter them as a Unicode character number.

Press ShiftCtrl+U.
Release U while continuing to hold down ShiftCtrl.

Enter the four hexadecimal digit (0123456789abcdef) number for the Unicode character code point. (An underlined u followed by the number will display as you type.)
Release ShiftCtrl.
Another alternative is to press (and release) ShiftCtrl+U. An underlined u is displayed.
Enter the hexadecimal Unicode character code point
Press Return.

I used the instructions above to create this string: ‘some text’ … (Ta-Da!)

For whatever its worth, I found this by looking at this answer to the question "How can I type special characters like ë?".

This question was at the top of the list of links  "Related"  to your question. The Related links list is always present in the right hand sidebar of any question on a Stack Exchange site.


Set bash as default shell with option to enter into fish

You could change your default shell to bash by typing in the following line:

chsh -s /bin/bash

You will probably need to log out and log back in for the settings to take effect.

Then if you wanted to run fish, it would just be the command fish at a bash prompt.

More information can be found at https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ChangingShells


Can't run phpMyAdmin on Ubuntu 16 with Apache2 and PHP 7.0

It looks like it was because I had uncommented include_path and extension_dir. Not sure which one caused it, but once I commented those lines again, it worked.


linux-swap partition is in extended drive

Seems to be okay. The swap partition is used as virtual memory to extend your RAM. If you want u can remove it, but if you frequently max out your RAM you might wanna leave it. If you do remove it, its not a bad idea to delete its "mount line" in /etc/fstab (needs root privileges).


Getting g++-4.4 / gcc-4.4 : gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Then add two new lines to the file :

deb [URL] trusty main universe
deb [URL] trusty-updates main universe

My example :

deb http://dk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main universe
deb http://dk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main universe

Run sudo apt-get update, and you can install gcc-4.4 : sudo apt-get install g++-4.4


How do I reset to the default file manager for all folders?

What worked for me was https://askubuntu.com/users/124963/saurav-kumar answer

  Run this command: exo-preferred-applications and go to Utilities tab
  and in File Manager selection list chose your preferred file manager.
  You would get Nautilus if it is installed in your system. Chose that
  if you want to set it as default and close.

I wanted to set dolphin as my default file manager so installing nautilus isn't the solution.


You should have to monitor your memory usage and i am sure you are using 12.04 32 bit os so that you are only using 3.6 somthing out of your 8 GB.

Solutions

Install 64 bit 12.04 Ubuntu
If Firefox is latest 19 version than firefox has memory leakage problem and can be fixed by folowing steps on other post
12.10 Firefox 19 is memory hog
Monitor your memory usage and as i am using 12.04 on core i3 4 GB ram i never GOT stuck while using firfox or other programs

See in your system monitor that if you are really using 8 GB of RAM


I spent a lot of time with the same trouble, now I resolve it by using --crtc parameter when calling xrandr, i.e.:

xrandr --output LVDS1 --mode 800x600 --crtc 0

Also I reccomend to assign this commands to CCSM commands and bind to some hotkeys, it's very useful.

UPD: For me it's working only after this command:

xrandr -s 0

But this makes Diablo crashes on screen resolution change )-:


Files are piling up in /usr/src/. How can I stop this?

This should work:

sudo apt-get autoremove

You can read more at the AptGet How-to.


Basic desktop actions are not available on Ubuntu 20.04

Unfortunately, desktop icons are completely broken (which is quite unexpected in a LTS release of Ubuntu) as instead of the file-manager (Nautilus) handling the desktop items, now a GNOME Shell extension handles them.
See this bug report: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons/+bug/1813441
A workaround involving replacing the file-manager is described here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons/+bug/1813441/comments/14. To do that, follow the steps below.

remove gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons
install nemo
make Nemo handle desktop icons


To install a full Linux distribution on your chromebook you have multiple choices.
You can use chrx to make a dual boot.
Or you can install directly a full version of Ubuntu (best to go for LUbuntu or Xubuntu).

I would recommend to install GalliumOS as it is derived from XUbuntu and it's optimized for chromebooks.

To do this, you should follow GalliumOS installation steps:

First, you have to enable developer mode on your chromebook (and remove all data on your disk).
Second, you have to update your firmware to be able to boot on a USB key.
Third, install your Ubuntu/Gallium, or a dual boot using chrx.

Step one and two are really well documented on GalliumOS's wiki, you will find all your answers here.


Ubuntu 16.04 - Cannot reboot laptop if the lid is closed?

I cannot directly answer your question but might be able to point you in the right direction.  ACPI is likely involved.  A quick test would be to boot without it by adding acpi=off to your grub kernel line.

How do I disable ACPI when booting?

Conversely, you might need to tweak an ACPI script to make reboot not actually do the equivalent shutdown -h now

Likely also a good time to learn more about ACPI, it's actually pretty neat.
http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/bionic/man8/acpid.8.html


How to Share existing ntfs partition to windows network with specific users

You can use Samba, but you have to:
1. Create Samba users (use smbpasswd command).
2. Then auto-mount (on etc/fstab) the d:/data device on startup.
3. Finally, share the folder configuring a share on smb.conf and adding the users with permissions.

Hope it helps.


Well in light of mathematica.stackexchange.com/questions/125473/… I disabled system fonts by renaming /etc/fonts/conf.d file and voila, mathematica 7 start up without any trouble and mathematica 8 also showed correct fonts as in ubuntu.
I deleted file by matching pattern method in groups and discovered the culprit as "45-generic.conf" that contained "emojees font", which were the bug cause just as described in the above linked post.
This file is common to both ubuntu and Kubuntu but only affecting mathematica 7 and 8 in Kubuntu 2020.


How do I configure the package manager on server setup?

You would most likely know if you were already using an HTTP proxy server for your Internet connection. Leave it blank and continue. This will have no effect on configuring your nginx proxy.


This should work

  aplay -l

The output should include the sound card number (ex. "card 1")

then run:

  alsamixer -c 1 (replace "1" with the number you got in previous command)

In alsamixer, turn the "speaker" volume up.

If you got sound, save the mixer state with:

  sudo alsactl store 1


Can we install Deja-dup on Ubuntu 16.04?

On Ubuntu, usually it will come pre-installed. To clarify this, open up your dash and search for either "backup" or "deja".

However to install this, press Ctrl+Alt+T to go to a terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install deja-dup


Best method of connecting to a ubuntu server from windows and having file transfer abilities

For connection and file transfer:

SSH connection (possibly with authentication key) from Windows to the Ubuntu, using a SSH client on Windows (PuTTY, WinSCP)(Filezilla can also use SFTP). For file transfer you can access all the files that your connection user is allowed to, wherever they are. SSH only gives you a basic terminal, but if you need to use Ubuntu-based graphics application, you can use SSH tunneling on the X session, with a XWindows server running on Windows.

For file transfer only (restricted to explicitly shared directories):

FTP server on your Ubuntu and FTP client (Filezilla or else) on Windows
Samba share on Ubuntu, accessed like a network share on Windows.

There is no absolute "best" way, there is a more suitable way depending on your usage profile.


partition wiped after distribution update

From the output of requested commmands we can see that your Windows partitions had accidentally been repartitioned.

In case you have no backup data you will have to

  Stop using the drive

then follow the answer to this question to recover your data:

How do I recover my accidentally lost Windows partitions after installing Ubuntu?


Simple, if you did not changed the default location:

rm -rf ~/.WebStorm9


There no way to run MacOS files in ubuntu, however if it's not graphical depending app you should be able to install it into Virtual Machine and run through there.


How to fix Ubuntu 18.04 LTS on VMWare randomly not detecting the internet connection when loading

I am experiencing the same issue with Ubuntu 18.04.1 on VMWare Fusion 10.1.3.  I was able to workaround the issue with the following steps:

Find the network device name from ip link, such as ens33
Manually set the device to the up state: sudo ip link set ens33 up
Click the drop-down in the top-right of the system bar, which show an entry for "Wired ..." and choose "Connect"


Leave application running as we switch users

When you use the switch user feature, the programs in your session continue running (and your torrents will continue downloading/seeding)

But maybe what you're after is transmission-daemon


You can follow steps described in here for troubleshooting sound problems.

And for youtube case, test your flash player plugin or better than that, make sure that you're using html5 video player.


When you paniced and unplugged the USB while running, you might have corrupted it. maybe you should consider to get a new ubuntu-USB stick? or use a live CD.

in any event, when you have a working live USB/CD, you should be able to restart the pc, and boot from CD/USB, and your disk should appear as a drive that can be mounted.

when you have done this, maye you can give us some more details on the errors you see, it is a bit hard to help with this information.


The Ubuntu for ARM Images are here:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/arm


dd image my internal hdd to my external hdd

Warning

dd is a powerful but also dangerous tool. Check and double-check, that everything is correct before you launch the command lines! dd does what you tell it to do without questions. A small mistake (typing error) can make you overwrite and destroy valuable documents, for example the family pictures.

Command lines

Text after the # character is a comment for the human eye, not used by the shell interpreter.

If you are sure that /dev/sdx is the correct target device, you can use the command

sudo dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdx bs=64K            # should be upper case K

to clone the drive to the device /dev/sdx, where x can be b, c, ...

If you want to create an image file (without compression), you can use the command

sudo dd if=/dev/sda of=dd-clone.img bs=64K        # should be upper case K

If you want to create a compressed image file, you can use the command

sudo -s                                           # to get the root prompt `#`
 dd if=/dev/sda bs=64K | xz -c > dd-clone.img.xz
exit                                              # to get the user prompt `$`

Such a compressed image can be extracted with

sudo -s                                          # get the root prompt `#`
 xzcat dd-clone.img.xz > dd-clone.img            # get a big uncompressed file
 xzcat dd-clone.img.xz | dd of=/dev/sdx  bs=64K  # clone to `/dev/sdx`
exit                                             # get the user prompt `$`

Tips

If you want the compression to be more efficient, you should overwrite the free drive space with zeros. You can do that in the following way:

Use zerofree for linux ext partitions.

Mount other partitions and use the following command lines for partitions with other file systems. Let us assume that you have mounted a partition at the mountpoint /mnt, and that the whole drive is used for partitions. Check that you have mounted a partition there! Otherwise you will fill the root partition and your running operating system will stop working.

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/blank bs=4096   # Let it fill the partition
sudo rm /mnt/blank

See Tools at this link: SanDisk SSD Plus: Half the performance on Linux than on Windows?

Alternative

Clonezilla is an alternative to dd. It is safer and it is faster, particularly if there is a lot of free space. Clonezilla will only copy used blocks (and skip free blocks), which will make the copy much faster, particularly if a fair part of the main partition /dev/sda3 is free (not used by files).


Nautilus link to Google docs won't open files

Indeed, you cannot launch specific Google doc documents, spreadsheets or presentations. You must open these in Google Docs. In Google Docs, one can convert from the google doc format to LibreOffice or Microsoft formats. In that case, the documents become "regular" files which you will be able to launch in their associated application.


Ubuntu 18.10, Gedit 3.30.1 disappeared from apps menu

Not sure which version you upgraded from but when I upgraded from 16.04 to 18.04 I thought I had lost gedit as well. It turns out that I didn't. It's not listed as gedit in the application menu, it's listed as "Text Editor".


Problem with keyboard after reinstall 'ubuntu-desktop'?

Try the 'Langauage Support' and 'Apply Systemwide' your language.


Your situation can be a disadvantage of using a LTS, the software is more stable, but may be outdated or you may require a newer version of Apache (or other packages) if you have a specific problem.

The short answer to your question is yes, adding the universe repository is considered safe.

For additional information on Repositories see: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu

I am not sure, but I would guess Canonical would not necessarily support packages in the Universe repository as it is "community maintained".

IMO I suggest you stay with software in the repositories before adding a ppa.

In general, if you need a more recent version of Apache , or other applications, I would consider upgrading your entire server (rather than adding the saucy repos).

Adding the saucy repositories can be done in theory, using pinning, but it is is asking for problems and to some extent is upgrading your server.

See Install packages from newer release without building (apt pinning)

I have used pinning with mixed results and I would not advise it unless you consider yourself an experienced ubuntu user and you are willing and able to fix problems.

Personally, I would consider adding the saucy repos (with or without pinning) , without upgrading your server, as unsupported.


How to get a Wayland session in Kubuntu?

Since 5.4 it is possible to start a complete Plasma session on Wayland. For this go to a tty, log in, end the running X server (otherwise startup might block) and run the following command:

startplasmacompositor

Support for running a full Plasma session on Wayland is still in it's early stages. Bugs are to be expected and there are known missing features. Please consider it only as a mode to experiment with.

Source KDE Community

On Kubuntu you might need to Install plasma-workspace-wayland

sudo apt install plasma-workspace-wayland


I need help resolving dual display issues with 13.04 running the ATI Radeon Open Source driver

This is for Ubuntu 10.10 but this might help.
http://milindshakya.tumblr.com/post/4952304640/setting-up-external-monitor-as-the-primary-monitor-in


There are (at least) two applications folder that X11 (I assume) is looking into: /usr/share/applications AND ~/.local/share/applications. I found the shortcut in ~/.local/share/applications.


How to inspect Ubuntu installed partition like inspecting windows installed (typically C:) partition?

In Linux the Program Files directory does not exist. The binaries or executables are placed in /usr/bin/local, /bin, /opt, or another directories defined in the deb package file. Moreover there are dependencies defined in the package, so the relevant libraries in your system are compatible with the new program binaries or executable file. If you are curious, you can download a deb package with

apt download deb_package_name

After downloading you can open it with Archiver - right click in Nautilus and open with choose Archiver. Double click on data.tar.xz and next double click on . , then you will see the directories, in which the program binaries will be placed.

Your C: drive is in Ubuntu the root file system / . On the root file system you can mount different partitions. The

sudo mount

command shows the currently mounted file systems.

With man mount command you can show in windows called help on particular command.

The file systems on your disk or the disks should be automatically shown in the Nautilus (default Ubuntu file browser). By clicking on the disk this is going to be mounted. If that succeeds, the disk drive will show the eject icon next to it. You can do the same with sudo mount or sudo umount commands. Be sure to specify your disk drive and the mount point:

sudo mkdir /media/newhd
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /media/newhd

where /dev/sdb1 is your first partition -1  on the second disk - sdb .

List of disks and partitions can be achieved with lsblk command.

Your /home/user directory can be compared to c:\users\user_name directory in Windows.


According to Logitech's technical specs for MK320, the receiver has product ID C52B which is a Unifying receiver supported by Solaar. A user has confirmed this in the Solaar issue tracker: https://github.com/pwr/Solaar/issues/130

If you plan to buy a new Logitech mouse, be sure that it supports "Unifying" or it may not be compatible. A list of devices supported by Solaar can be found in the Solaar repo.


There is not a single command to do this. However, you could use this:

eval $( \
    iwconfig wlan0 | \
    egrep -o 'Bit Rate=[0-9]+ [^ ]+' | \
    sed -e 's/ /_/;s/=/="/;s/$/"/' \
    )
echo $Bit_Rate

On my system, currently, I get:

$ eval $(iwconfig wlan0 | egrep -o 'Bit Rate=[0-9]+ [^ ]+' | sed -e 's/ /_/;s/=/="/;s/$/"/')
$ echo $Bit_Rate
54 Mb/s

iwconfig wlan0 outputs a bunch of information about wlan0 (try it and see).

Then egrep matches "Bit Rate=", followed by 1 or more digits, a blank, and 1 or more non-blanks. Because of the -o option, egrep outputs only the matched string.

sed then changes the first blank to an underscore, the '=' to '="', and the end-of-line to '"', producing a string like Bit_Rate="54 Mb/s".

eval then interprets that string in your current shell.

for further education, read

for i in iwconfig egrep sed bash ; do
    man $i
done


Can not install ubuntu 12.04 alongside windows 8.1

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/install-ubuntu-with-windows
Did you try this?  If I had found this earlier I might have a dual boot machine.  As it was I jumped in the deep end and just replaced windows with ubuntu.


rdesktop gives ERROR: Failed to open display:

I have never had any luck with the rdesktop program.  I have great luck with the remmina package. If you don't mind, I suggest you try that and see if it solves this.


Wifi not working- Dual boot Ubuntu 14.04 and Windows 10

Wifi works with kernel: 4.4.0-112-generic but not with 4.4.0-116-generic. This seems to be a known issue, so I'll stick to using 4.4.0-112-generic for now


Question regarding dual booting Ubuntu and Windows 7

This is how I set up my dual boot for Ubuntu and Windows 7.

I used GParted to re-partition the the HD. One partition will stay NTFS, and the other is ext2fs/ext3fs.
Once the repartition is done, burn a copy of Ubuntu to either a disk or a USB -- I used ISORecorder to burn it to a CD. There's other software that is found on http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows which will provide instructions on how to do so
Install Ubuntu.
Fix the grub2 loader -- Refer to this page:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

EDIT: I forgot to mention the sized partitions. I would recommend the same as the other gentleman -- 100GB-150GB should work.


Accidentally moved the Desktop to nowhere and it's gone even on restart

First off: type

history

and look at the command you typed. Your desktop will be there where you moved it.

This

mv Desktop/ ls

then

mv ls Desktop

will fix it.

Adjust the command to what you see you did when typing history. When in doubt edit your question and add to it what you typed (or when even not sure of that post the last 20 odd lines history shows).


How do I install the latest Adobe Flash plugin on Ubuntu 10.04?

You can download it from the adobe website and install it from there.

Visit http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/ and choose the tar.gz for other Linux extract it and copy the libflashplugin.so into your $HOME/.mozilla/plugins/ folder.

There are also some other alternatives responded to this message here:
Should I keep using the version of Flash in the sevenmachines PPA?


Keep backup.tgz on dir you wish. Then use terminal to copy the file.

  cp -b PathToTgz PathToExternalDrive

I would use something like:

  cp -b /backup.tgz /media/UserName/HardDriveLabel

to keep it on external HDD root dir.


Should I report a problem after my laptop has shut down due to lack of power?

You should report it!

Even if it's waste of time as you say. But it may has an error from back-of-the-scene and maybe it can help.


Unity equivalent of KDE 'comments' feature

With the old and "dead" Gnome2 there was a possibility to add notes to a file or folder through the properties window. There was a dedicated tab for this.
Now with Gnome3 this functionality is gone. I don't know if there is a Nautilus add-on for this, or if in the future Gnome3 will include this again.


What is the command line equivalent of copying a file to clipboard?

When you press Ctrl-C over a file in the file manager, the file's contents IS NOT copied to the clipboard. A simple test: select a file in file manager, press Ctrl-C, open a text editor, press Ctrl-V. The result is not file's contents but its full path.

In reality the situation is a bit more complicated because you can't do the opposite - copy a list of filenames from a text editor and paste them into file manager.

To copy some data from command line to X11 clipboard you can use xclip command, which can be installed with

sudo apt-get install xclip

to copy contents of a file or output of some command to clipboard use

cat ./myfile.txt|xclip -i

the text can be then pasted somewhere using middle mouse button (this is called "primary selection buffer").

If you want to copy data to the "clipboard" selection, so it can be pasted into an application with Ctrl-V, you can do

cat ./myfile.txt|xclip -i -selection clipboard

To be able to copy files from the command line and paste them in a file manager, you need to specify a correct "target atom" so the file manager recognizes the data in the clipboard, and also provide the data in correct format - luckily, in case of copying files in a file manager it's just a list of absolute filenames, each on a new line, something which is easy to generate using find command:

find ${PWD} -name "*.pdf"| xclip -i -selection clipboard -t text/uri-list

(at least this works for me in KDE). Now you can wrap into a small script which you can call, say, cb:

#!/bin/sh
xclip -i -selection clipboard -t text/uri-list

then you put it in ~/bin, set executable bit on it and use it like this:

find ${PWD} -name "*.txt"| cb

Nice, isn't it?


How to stop flash installation prompter in chromium?

Starting chromium with --disable-plugins will kill that, and any other plugin prompts that you're receiving.

It will however, disable any other plugins you currently have installed, and are using.

A chromium issue on code.google.com is available with a similar request:
http://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=181403


Muy agradecido por la contestación.
Mi problema no es no poder arrancar W7 sino arrancar UBUNTU.
Hice lo siguiente.-Grabe desde el CD de instalacion una memoria de stick, para crear un pendrive de instalación con el programa de 'crear disco de arranque'.
Luego con este pendrive instalé de nuevo Ubuntu, en el ordenador elegí multiarranque de la BIOS, seleccioné mi disco HDD USB y maravilla esta vez funcionó, me salió GRUB con las opciones de Linux y W7, estando el Grub grabado esta vez correctamente en HDD USB.
Pero mi ilusión duró poco, despues de actualizar, a la hora de reiniciar me volvió a machacar el GRUB, hablo de la versión 12.04, y la actualización del SO 27.
Esto me hace suponer que es claramente algo que ha dejado de funcionar a la hora de la acualización con el Grub.

Piensos que el GRUB en los ordenadores modernos, con multiarranque, si Usas Discos duros externos no tenga mucha razon de ser, ya que  bastaría con hacerlos bootables. De hecho ahora que he comenzado a probar Linux, hubo una distro que por desgracia no recuerdo, que a la hora de la instalación me preguntaba si quería instalar Grub o Lilo -no recuerdo cual- dándome la opción de instalarlo o saltarlo.

De todas formas muy muy agradecido.
Luis


Adding bash script to disable Nvidia graphic card at startup?

another option is to install bumblebee and copy the install-files/bumblebee-disablecard-on-powerup into /usr/local/bin with your OFF method.


npm unresponsive after nodejs install on fresh Ubuntu 12.04.5

you can install npm using this command:

sudo apt-get install npm