Why can't I run command “nvcc --version" in docker-CUDA Container?

Seems like you are running the runtime tag of nvidia/cuda Docker image, which doesn't include the development tools nvcc and the CUDA headers you're trying to access. That image only contains the runtime libraries needed to execute a CUDA application. I guess you can access the development tools from the tag latest.

Try this command:

$ docker run -it --gpus all nvidia/cuda:latest bash

ETA: The header files may be installed at a different location. I suggest that you need not worry about the CUDNN_MAJOR value. If you absolutely need it, try:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install mlocate
sudo updatedb
sudo locate cudnn.h

If you find a result (eg /a/b/cudnn.h), then substitute that location in place of the cat command you commented. Like this:

cat /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn.h | grep CUDNN_MAJOR -A 2 #This is the old command
cat /a/b/cudnn.h | grep CUDNN_MAJOR -A 2 #This is the new command, with the file you found

Also, you're showing an example of Useless Use of cat (UUOC). You can do this instead:

grep -A 2 CUDNN_MAJOR /a/b/cudnn.h # Avoid UUOC

PS: @optimus From the Docker image you tried to install, nvidia/cuda:10.2-cudnn7-devel-ubuntu18.04, you could see that the major version number of CUDNN is 7. Just thought it might be useful to you.

PPS: If you can't find the CUDNN header, you might not have it installed. Try installing it by following this guide.


Automatically install printers shared on Windows Domain

This is the trick:

Add a print$ share in smb.conf if it doesn't already exist
Move the Windows drivers into /usr/share/cups/drv
Run cupsaddsmb -H localhost -U root -a -v

You can find more info at:

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/man8/cupsaddsmb.8.html
http://www.geekyprojects.com/ubuntu/getting-windows-printer-drivers-from-cups/


Why do I get a reboot instead of a shutdown?

I had the same issue with new acer aspre v5 notebook. It has been solved by enabling laptop-mode as running

sudo apt-get install laptop-mode-tools


Can't install steam on ubuntu, i'm on a chromebook

Many Chromebooks have ARM instruction set processors, but Steam only supports x86.

You can discover your system architecture with the terminal command uname -m.


Software Center not opening in Ubuntu GNOME

There appears to be a bug with the new Software Center that was added, starting with 16.04.

First ensure that it's not running in the background with:

$ killall gnome-software

Then remove the flawed configuration with:

$ rm -r ~/.local/share/gnome-software


"error: cannot find -lGL" in Qt creator 5.5.0 on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

You might run sudo apt-get install mesa-common-dev before running sudo apt-get install libglu1-mesa-dev -y

Good luck :D


Ubuntu 12.04 can't login : read only file system

When file system or hard disk have errors it will show as read only file system. Reboot the system and go to recovery mode. Get the root command prompt and run fsck on all partitions. After successful file system check reboot the system and try login.

Hope this helps.


How to install driver for TP-Link AC600 USB Wireless on Ubuntu 16.04

I have the same problem that you and I have the same usb stick for wireless.
I have published on Github the source mnodified and the process for you get that working on Ubuntu 16.04 and 16.10 with the kernel version for each version where that stick work good.
If you since need that working for you you can attempt that:
https://github.com/Hygens/mt7610u_wifi_sta_v3002_dpo_20130916/wiki

Verify the correct version for kernels in each version of Ubuntu and be happy.
That is not perfect but functional.

All the best,


How use ubuntu-sdk with another distribution

One way would be to install a VM running ubuntu under the alternative version of linux.  I use this every day at work, where I have ubuntu and centos VMs running on VMWare Workstation under windows (and I have both setup with Samba, so I can copy files between VMs).  In my past job I had Windows and Centos VMs running under an Ubuntu desktop.

I've had some experience of installing RPM packages under ubuntu using Alien, but it tends to be a game of basically unpacking the package to get the application tree, and putting it in /opt and then working through the scripts/config files to resolve dependencies to some other package or refer to something that is in a different path.

I suspect developing in an ubuntu VM will be much easier for you, especially as with X running on your desktop, you can forward X connections to your ubuntu VM and have the GUI display on your desktop, and if you setup your desktop to export /home via NFS, you could configure your VM to share your home folder within that NFS mount, so you can have your workspace on your native computer and just use the VM for emulation and compilation.


Ubuntu doesn't "see" external USB Hard Disk

Okay here's what worked... (Here's a video explanation)

Firstly let's check if Ubuntu detects the device:

Disconnect your device then open a terminal and input ls /dev/ | grep sd and Enter. Now connect the device and input ls /dev/ | grep sd again and Enter. Now you should have two outputs. Compare them to each other.

You should find an extra line (or two) in the second output. Keep that extra line somewhere; we'll use it later.

If you can't find a difference then I don't think my solution will work for you but you can try. Probably you have a hardware problem.

(Here's the second part of the video demonstrating what's below)

Now input sudo fdisk -l in a terminal. You should see a large output.

Wait until the "prompt" (the line that looks like user@host:~$) appears again. It might take up to 5 minutes.

When the prompt appears again now you can now "mount" the device with this command:

sudo mount /dev/sdxn /mnt

Replace sdxn by the extra line you found when we did the first step.

(example: sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt)

And you're done!

Summary: To mount the hard disk again later:

sudo fdisk -l
Wait
sudo mount /dev/sdxn /mnt


Why are old initrd files of uninstalled kernels filling up /boot partition?

You should check partially removed kernels with

dpkg -l linux-image-\* | grep ^rc

and remove them with for example sudo apt-get purge linux-image-4.4.0-101-generic.

Purging will remove initramfs generation rules from /var/lib/initramfs-tools/.

If it does not help, you can remove them manually from initramfs list:

sudo rm /var/lib/initramfs-tools/3.13.0-39-generic
sudo rm /var/lib/initramfs-tools/4.4.0-101-generic
sudo rm /var/lib/initramfs-tools/4.4.0-103-generic
sudo rm /var/lib/initramfs-tools/4.4.0-38-generic
sudo rm /var/lib/initramfs-tools/4.4.0-45-generic
sudo rm /var/lib/initramfs-tools/4.4.0-59-generic
sudo rm /var/lib/initramfs-tools/4.4.0-77-generic
sudo rm /var/lib/initramfs-tools/4.4.0-78-generic
sudo rm /var/lib/initramfs-tools/4.4.0-81-generic

Usually I run purge-old-kernels followed by sudo apt-get autoremove to have only 2 recent kernels.

You can reinstall installed kernels with their initramfses:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall \
$(dpkg -l linux-image-\* | grep ^ii | awk '{print $2}')


Convert all png,jpeg,jpg to jpg and compress them using imagemagick

Modify you code into this form:

for PHOTO in /home/dvms/Desktop/projs/others/tests/gulp_test/src/images/*.{png,jpeg,jpg}
   do
       BASE=$(basename $PHOTO)
    convert "$PHOTO" -quality 50% "/home/dvms/Desktop/projs/others/tests/gulp_test/src/imagesCompressed/${BASE%.*}.jpg"
   done

Rather than this $BASE.jpg use ${BASE%.*} then add the extension.


Kubuntu does not boot properly(very slow) after increasing the size of root partition

Partitions are normally mounted by UUID as UUIDs do not change. But if you delete & recreate a partition like swap, then it gets a new UUID and you must update /etc/fstab with correct UUID. Others can have similar issues with any other partition they mount. But if / (root) system would not boot at all.

To see UUID of partitions:

sudo lsblk -f

And to see UUIDs used at boot to mount partitions.

cat /etc/fstab

If any partitions in fstab have UUIDs not shown by the lsblk -f command, you need to edit fstab. You need sudo and can use your favorite editor. Always good idea to backup old version.

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.backup
sudo nano /etc/fstab

UUID=c82e3e5c-866b-4a16-9153-a73129281e82 none            swap    sw              0       0

Change above to, you can change comment on sda7 to sda8 if desired:

UUID=dc2cd463-e46e-4cbd-b14f-ed811bf6526c   none            swap    sw              0       0

New versions of Ubuntu do not have to have swap partition. They now use a swap file by default. But will use a swap partition if found. Also most desktops do not need /boot as a separate partition. It becomes one more partition you have to manage to make sure it does not fill up. But Ubuntu now only keeps two sets of boot files, so less of an issue than before.


If you've been installing updates via the Update Manager or apt then you're probably already running 10.04.1. You can confirm your version by executing lsb_release -a on the command line.

The official documentation for upgrading can be found here.


Note taking software that can support advanced math notation

Give Zim a try, it has a fairly good equation insertion plugin, you enter latex code and the corresponding equation is rendered in the document, you can right click the equation and edit the underlying Latex code as well. Zim has an export to latex feature that will create a latex file that you can run to create nice pdfs of your notes.

Read about it here

A screenshots:

latest deb to install available here:

http://zim-wiki.org/downloads/

Another tool for this kind of work is Emacs Org Mode, it is very strong on tables and will allow you to use latex equations in the text, though not rendered. all notes can be exported to latex which can then be compiled to pdf, good looking equations and tables will be in your pdfs.

Links about Emacs Org Mode:

http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/OrgMode

http://doc.norang.ca/org-mode.html


Unknown filesystem grub error after unistalling Ubuntu partition from Windows 8

This is the correct procedure. It's for Windows 7 but works for 8 too.
From How to remove Ubuntu and put Windows back on?

To remove Ubuntu, you will need a Windows Recovery CD or Installation CD, or a Ubuntu Live CD.

Note:  If you don't have a Windows Installation or Recovery CD available, you can download the Windows 7 ISO file (contact Digital River costumer support as said in Microsoft help page).  You cannot install Windows with a genuine Purchased Product Key though, as these ISO files are 100% legal and will only install as an Evaluation copy for 30 days without a product key.

To remove GRUB:

Grab a Windows recovery media or installation CD and boot from it.  You should see this on a recovery media CD.

And you should see this on an installation media CD.  Click "Repair your computer" and you should see a screen like the first image.

Open the Command Prompt, then type bootrec /fixmbr into the Command Prompt.

Reboot and boot into Windows.  Then follow the steps below to remove the Ubuntu partitions.

(Images from HowtoGeek)

If you don't have a Windows recovery CD or you are too lazy to download and burn the ISO files mentioned before, you can use Boot-repair.  It is a tool that fixes most boot problems(Windows or Ubuntu).  I suggest using a Windows CD if possible.

To use boot repair:

Boot from a Ubuntu live CD or USB
Type these lines in the terminal one line at a time.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install boot-repair

Search for Boot-Repair in the Dash and launch it.

To fix your computer with Boot-repair, simply click the "Recommended Repair" button.  Then follow the steps below to remove the Ubuntu Partitions.

To delete the Ubuntu Partitions:

Go to Start, right click Computer, then select Manage.  Then select Disk Management from the sidebar.

Right-click your Ubuntu partitions and select "Delete". Check before you delete!
Then, right-click the partition that is on the Left of the free space.  Select "Extend Volume".  Go through the Wizard and Finish it.

Done!


You cannot. The reason is that, by design, the icon by which a file is displayed in a file manager, is determined by the configuration of the user, thus by the user. That icon may be different on a user account on the same machine, and it will very likely be different for  a user account using a different desktop, on a user account on another computer, and most certainly on a computer running another operating system.
The gio command sets a user configuration under your account. You would need to supply the icon and configure each account, in as far if that account uses the same configuration system (e.g. a desktop like KDE will not).


Found a way of adding Skype to messaging menu by reading other posts around the web such as this one on omgubuntu, might help you do the same with gm-notify but I can't say for sure that it will.  Here's what I did after looking for instructions for adding skype to the messaging menu:

Open a terminal and first check that the app you want is there by going to /usr/share/applications and then running ls.  Use filters as there will be a lot of results depending on how many applications you have installed.

    cd /usr/share/applications

    ls s*

ls s* will return results for skype and skype-wrapper, use ls g* instead to return results for gm-notify.

You should see something like skype.desktop, skype-wrapper.desktop and possibly (though not for sure since it isn't installed on my system) gm-notify.desktop
 - If there's there, brilliant, we can get a bit further with the solution.  Now you want to open a text editor and make a file for the application you're trying to add.  I'm more comfortable with nano as it avoid opening yet another window and having terminal running, so I'd run:

    sudo nano /usr/share/indicators/messages/applications/skype

assuming that you are adding a reference for skype or skype-wrapper.  Replace /skype with /gm-notify if that's what you want to add.  Or, if you're uncomfortable with command line and want a normal text editor like gedit, run:

    gksu gedit /usr/share/indicators/messages/applications/skype

Enter your password when prompted, it won't appear on screen but you need to enter it correctly and press the enter key.  You'll now have a new text file open in your text editor named for your application.  All it does is tell the Messaging Menu where your application's .desktop file is, which is why we checked that one existed earlier.  As an example, here's my /usr/share/indicators/messages/applications/skype file:

    /usr/share/applications/skype-wrapper.desktop

Notice that I've invoked skype-wrapper.desktop and not skype.desktop.  It's purely because I made the file for skype.desktop originally and didn't bother renaming it.  Save and close.  For those running nano, you press Control+O to save, then press enter to confirm, then press Control+X to exit.

Now you need to logout and log back in for the changes to take effect.  You should find a new item in your messaging menu named 'skype' assuming that you followed my instructions.  It'll launch Skype when you click it.  Should also work for gm-notify


Is it possible to copy U1 files between two PCs locally when an Ubuntu user account is recreated?

Yes, simply copy all of your laptop's files to an external flash/hard drive, then mount it on your desktop and transfer the data over that way. It is much faster, but then I'm not sure whether you would have such a drive handy.


Through extensive trial and error, it appears that the culprit was

auth required pam_tally.so onerr=fail deny=3 unlock_time=3600 magic_root

Removing

deny=3 unlock_time=3600

and instead doing

sudo faillog -l 3600 -m 3

appears to have done the trick.

I would still like to understand why, if anyone can offer an explanation.  I chose those options based on the pam_tally man page.


I managed to figure it out in the end, just needed to step back and think about it.

For anyone else with the same problem, my solution was to go into Settings > Keyboard and create two shortcuts, one for "setxkbmap -layout us -variant intl" and one for "sekxkbmap -layout gb", and I can now use these to change my keyboard back and forth.

Still mildly irked that this is a built in option that just doesn't work, but there you go.


Use gcc-4.6-arm-linux-gnueabihf to compile .c file, What is the command?

if you compile the c source file, you'll need to do like below:

gcc-4.6-arm-linux-gnuebihf filenam.c -o filenam

through this, executable file with name 'filenam' will be generated on your current folder.


File-Roller: -p option at *.tar archives?

Yeah, it does, according to this bug report and the sources since version 2.15.91:

fr_command_tar_add (FrCommand  *comm,
            const char *from_file,
            GList      *file_list,
            const char *base_dir,
            gboolean    update,
            gboolean    follow_links)
{
    FrCommandTar *c_tar = FR_COMMAND_TAR (comm);
    GList        *scan;

    fr_process_set_out_line_func (FR_COMMAND (comm)->process,
                      process_line__add,
                      comm);

    begin_tar_command (comm);
    fr_process_add_arg (comm->process, "--force-local");
    fr_process_add_arg (comm->process, "--no-recursion");
    fr_process_add_arg (comm->process, "--no-wildcards");
    fr_process_add_arg (comm->process, "-v");
    fr_process_add_arg (comm->process, "-p");

The last line is the important one. Is also in the NEWS file:

version 2.15.91
----------------
    * Fixed bug #343739 – Seems to not escape file names correctly.
    * Fixes bug #340050 – tar permissions are not preserved.

The sources are from version 3.12.1, and the lines are still there.


How to make in CLI check for updates to be happening every 4 weeks and install them automatically without going to Software sources?

First, enable automatic updates like this:

sudo apt-get install unattended-upgrades

You then need to edit its configuration, type

sudo nano /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades

(replace nano with your preferred text editor if you want)

The file looks like this:

Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins {
        "Ubuntu maverick-security";
//      "Ubuntu maverick-updates";
};

The // means this line is a comment and won't be considered by the program, remove the strokes to include stable release updates in addition to security fixes. Also, replace maverick with the version of Ubuntu you're running.

To set the interval at which the system checks for updates, edit the /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic file with a text editor:

APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists "14";
APT::Periodic::Download-Upgradeable-Packages "14";
APT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval "14";
APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "14";

In this example, the system is updated every two weeks.

For a more detailed explanation, see Automatic Updates in the Ubuntu server guide.

Note that papukaija's answer is talking about the interval at which the Update Manager dialogue pops up on your screen, I'm guessing that's not what you wan't, but I'm not sure. :)


Go to Edit-Connections which is at the end of the shown list. Clear all the saved minions shown there.Then type sudo service network-manager restart in the terminal. Now enter the password of your wifi.

It probably happened because you entered the password 3-4 times incorrectly.


Logitech M560 scrolling is more sensitive in 15.04

Some thing you can try to make the mouse show up in system settings:

Change USB port of receiver
Turn mouse off and on again

Manage logitec unified receiver devices

Solaar is a program to manage logitech unified receiver devices. You can install it using following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:daniel.pavel/solaar
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install solaar

Unplug the receiver, plug it back in, and start Solaar. You should be able to see the device and change some of its options.

Source


How do I install Ubuntu with a usb on a Dell that has no Operating System?

You would need to create a bootable USB stick (instructions for OS X) and then choose USB in the BIOS or boot menu.  Then just follow the installer.

Edit Tue May 21 17:16:17 EDT 2013:

Updated link for OS X instructions per OP's edit.  Doesn't need additional software but does require a bit of command line work.


Why Ubuntu show a message Could not get lock /var/lib/apt/lists/lock after a cold boot

This is Because Some of your process are still busy with dpkg or apt-get , so you need to free them by following steps:--
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get update


sudo apt-get install rygel-preferences

Run rygel-preferences after installing, pick the folders you want to share, and start up rygel.


How do I install 12.04 after mounting the ISO in Windows?

Since you intend to get rid of Windows 8, you will need to install Ubuntu 12.04 the old-fashioned way:

Burning the ISO to a CD-R and booting your computer from the CD, or
"Burning" the ISO to a USB and booting from the USB (use Unetbootin for that)

For your needs, you cannot install Ubuntu from within Windows like a regular Windows program. While you can run Ubuntu's Windows installer (Wubi) from Windows, that installation requires Windows to function -- you cannot remove Windows, or your Wubi will no longer work.


Can't install package bcmwl-kernel-source package

I have solved my problem by disabling the option "Installable from CD-ROM/DVD" under the "Ubuntu Software" tab of the "Software and Applications" update tool.


How do I make the window  border bigger?

To make the window borders bigger you can follow the instructions in comment 8 of the above mentioned bug:

  Colin Law (colin-law) wrote on 2012-01-31: Re: Difficult to grab window borders in unity-2d

  Another workaround is to hack the theme itself. For the Ambiance theme edit /usr/share/themes/Ambiance/metacity-1/metacity-theme-1.xml and in the section starting
  <frame_geometry name="frame_geometry_normal"
  change left_width, right_width and bottom_height from 1 to 3.

But instead of changing the width from 1 to 3, I changed to 8px, because I think 3 is still too small.
To make the changes take effect, change to another theme and then back again.


So, xrandr's --scale option is fixing the flickering image. After that, to fix the "No Signal" problem I needed to open Displays settings app and drag external monitor around my built-in monitor to some arbitrary position and hit apply, then it all started to work.


How to "keep" data from an LVM snapshot?

lvconvert --merge does NOT "keep the changes made since the snapshot was taken" - it destroys those changes!

To understand why, you have to realize that, in LVM, a snapshot stores changes made to the original volume since it was taken. This is why it is a COW (Copy on Write) snapshot - the original volume is written as usual, but the original data is Copied into the snapshot prior to the Write.

So:

To discard all the data since the snapshot - that is, to "roll back" to when the snapshot was taken: lvconvert --merge vgpool/lvboot-snap (it will take a while)
To stop writing to the snapshot because you are happy with the original LV at this time: lvremove vgpool/lvboot-snap (it will happen almost instantly)

Please be careful and don't lose your data. At the time of this writing, the previous answer states the opposite. Please see this other answer for a detailed explanation.


You could implement this algorithm:

Load the content of file2.txt to an array
For each line in file1.txt:

Extract the name part
Get a random address
Print the output correctly formatted

Like this:

mapfile -t addresses < file2.txt
while IFS='' read -r orig || [[ -n "$orig" ]]; do
    ((index = RANDOM % ${#addresses[@]}))
    name=${orig%%@*}
    echo "$name${addresses[index]}"
done < file1.txt

(Special thanks to @GlennJackman and @dessert for the improvements.)


You can use xwininfo to get the co-ordinates of the specific window you want to record.

Run xwininfo.

It will ask you to select the window you want to record.

Information about the selected window will appear. The important info is -geometry and is probably the last line. Example: -geometry 1600x900+129+57

Run ffmpeg using the numbers from -geometry:
ffmpeg -f x11grab -video_size 1600x900 -framerate 50 -i :0.0+129,57 -vf format=yuv420p output.mp4

Note that x11grab is not "smart". It will only record the area you specify, and it will not follow a window that moves. And if you switch to another desktop that will get recorded too.


Upgraded from 11.10 to 12.04 on Windows 7 Dual Boot - Now, no boot!

I had a similar experience when upgrading. The OS selection screen had a black background instead of the usual purple and everything (including dropping down to the command line) simply caused the error "error: no such partition" to be printed again.

What I did was to use boot-repair. You can read the detailed instructions from that link, but the gist of it is to burn a Live CD or USB, boot into that and run

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

in a terminal, which will install and boot-repair. Then follow the instructions and you should be good to go.


Ubuntu not booting properly on Dell Inspirion Mini 1012

I had a similar issue and viewing the logs noted that it failed n loading the wireless drivers.  The install with lubuntu 17.10 completed with the network cable connected.


When will my application be available in Ubuntu Software Center after publishing?

I think it should roll out immediately. That said, the Software Center uses an internal database for its commercial apps catalogue—not apt-get—and only updates it periodically. The app may take awhile to appear to clients.

You can force the Software Center to update its catalogue now with sudo update-software-center.


You can set your own password from the command line even if you disabled it.

sudo passwd -u bogus //To unlock the password in case you blocked it
sudo passwd bogus
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully

You may want to know the status of the passwords:

sudo passwd --status --all //Use --all in case you aren't logged as the user


Found my own solution I'm running this command in a screen:

sudo tcpdump -i eth0 '(udp and port 7) or (udp and port 9)'

For logging I combined that line with the -x flag and tee. So my full solution is this here:

$ screen
$ sudo tcpdump -i eth0 '(udp and port 7) or (udp and port 9)' -x | tee wol.log


download and using ubuntu 16.04 "2016.6" daily build

They're probably fine, but as with all "daily" images, there's little testing and absolutely no guarantee that it will work properly. Ongoing attempts to fix one bug can sometimes break other things, and these issues are often not fixed within a single day.

Feel free to try it out, but keep in mind it's totally at your own risk, and it's possible some things won't work properly. But it's probably fine.


If you don't like LibreOffice, you should try some WPS Office on http://wps-community.org/ or FreeOffice on https://www.freeoffice.com. For the Sync Capability, Nextcloud should do the job, they even offer 2GB free in cloud based.

Be careful that WPS and FreeOffice are not open source.


I can't tell why it doesn't work for you without more information about your setup, but this is how I set it up and it works just fine (as far as I can tell, not knowing assembly).

Download Tasm for Windows from sourceforge and install it with WINE.  Then download and install dosbox for Windows (direct link).

Now you should have two shortcuts on your desktop:

Tasm 1.4  Windows 7 - Windows 8 64bit By Techapple.net
DOSBox 0.74

Double click the Tasm shortcut. You should be presented with a maximized DOSBox window. If you don't want to work in maximized mode press Alt+Enter.

Now we appear a bit stuck, since C:\ is mounted as a WINE virtual disk at the location of Tasm. The simplest way around this is simply mount a new drive letter at the folder where your .asm files are located.

mount d /path/to/asm/files

In my case I had a file test.asm on the desktop. Now run your file(s) with the command:

tasm D:\name\or\path\to-file

and you're done!


Realtek RTL8723AE Driver not working in Linux Kernel 3.5.0-37-generic version

I was just tweaking myself with my own risk, and came up with the solution. So I thought it would be wise for me to answer the question here. I am not a regular answer provider, but still I will try to be professional.

I must tell you that my system is a 32 Bit Ubuntu 12.04(Precise) LTS, Here is how you install the driver for Realtek RTL8723AE-BT Wireless Card. Open your terminal and type the following commands one by one.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-generic linux-headers-`uname -r`
wget -O- http://dl.dropbox.com/u/57056576/DRIVERS/REALTEK/rtl_92ce_92se_92de_8723ae_linux_mac80211_0007.0809.2012.tar.gz | tar -xz
cd rtl_92ce_92se_92de_8723ae_linux_mac80211_0007.0809.2012/

Give a pause here. and open your file explorer, and locate the file
~/rtl_92ce_92se_92de_8723ae_linux_mac80211_0007.0809.2012/base.c. Open the file with text editor, locate line number 320, turn the line to:

/* IEEE80211_HW_BEACON_FILTER | */

from

IEEE80211_HW_BEACON_FILTER |

in other words just comment it out. then go to the terminal again and continue.

make
make install
sudo modprobe rtl8723e

That is it, your Wireless Modem will work in your Linux Kernel Version 3.5.0-37-generic


I solved the issue by updating to 5.11-rc7 kernel. This required a manual patch of nvidia-460 driver which was incompatible with this kernel.


dual boot windows 8 eufi and Ubuntu on separate hard drives

This little tool should help: Boot-Repair

You can use it either from your Ubuntu disc, or via a dedicated rescue disc.


Xubuntu doesn't have or allow for installation of software center

To install Ruby On Rails, use this command

sudo apt-get install rails

Source: Ubuntu Documentation for Ruby On Rails


Numlock on Apple Wireless Keyboard

If the Apple Wirelesss Keyboard stops working after log-in where most keys do not work and some keys on the right side produce numbers, it is because numlock is enabled by default. Numlock can be switched off by pressing fn-F6 twice. The keyboard then works normally again.

To disable numlock by default, go to System -> Preferences -> Keyboard -> Layout -> Layout Options -> Miscellaneous compatibility options -> turn on "Default numeric keypad keys"

This setting takes effect after logging in and does not affect the graphical login screen or local consoles.


Can you try the following?

When the message comes up, remove the USB and insert it again. Wait for some time and press <Yes>.

And If that doesn't work, Again burn the ISO to USB using Rufus, But this time select the DD Image mode below format options.


No such file or directory while trying to execute a 64-bit executable (No related to lsb-core issue which is resolved)

Please note that the two ways to execute are:

If executing from same folder as binary file use:

./<binary_file_name>

If executing from outside the location of the binary file use:

 /path/to/binary/<binary_file_name>


How to find out what version of Ubuntu was originally installed?

If you have not done manual modifications, you should see the utilised installation media on the top of /etc/apt/sources.list:

# deb cdrom:[Kubuntu 10.04 LTS _Lucid Lynx_ - Release i386 (20100427)]/ lucid main restricted
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.

Apport (the Ubuntu bug reporter) uses /var/log/installer/media-info to determine the installation media which contains:

Kubuntu 10.04 LTS "Lucid Lynx" - Release i386 (20100427)

This only works if you kept the /var/log/installer folder.


Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 32bit does not detect 4Gb ram

@fossfreedom - Problem has been fixed by upgrading the BIOS to the most recent one. Thanks for the hint!
See available memory output after the change:

administrator@Root2:~$ free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          4026       1105       2921          0         45        311
-/+ buffers/cache:        748       3278


How do I create a movie DVD to be played on a TV

Try DeVeDe. I experimented a bit with a few options and DeVeDe was the best I found. It installs some KDE components but the gnome alternatives were not as good.


SVG version of Ubuntu One Files/Music apps for iOS

I have found an official rendition, except the rounded square is a circle. I'll modify it when I have time.


Id like a gui for the terminal. Is there any out there?

Well you mentioned apt-get commands, so You could just use Ubuntu update-manager (that's more or less gui for apt-get) and I'm pretty sure there are others like synaptic for example.

On the other hand, there is no such thing that You are describing for ALL commands acessible from terminal (imagine, my ls /usr/bin | wc has 2186 entries, and that's not all that's possible. And what about all arguments You often need to pass to some program? Like ls -l ~/Music or chaining commands with pipes?


how to access windows 7 partition files?

In my recent 12.04 LTS install the Windows partitions in the top-left part of the Nautilus program (Is that Ubuntu's version of the Windows Explorer?), so I can click on them.

Windows7 partitions are (normally) NTFS partitions. I think the reply by Kamil here should apply to your situation as well.

If you want to permanently mount them, this link seems to be able to help you further


Ubuntu Studio recommended install method on new Dell laptop with hybrid drive

The hybrid drive should appear no differently than any other HDD, the SSD is just used internally as a cache to improve HDD performance. The HDD does not have a separate mount point. Therefore, follow the normal process:

Download Ubuntu Studio from https://ubuntu.com/download/flavours

Next, check for download errors by https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-how-to-verify-ubuntu#0

Make a LiveUSB following these instructions:
On a Linux PC
or on a Windows PC

Once you make a LiveUSB, install it following these steps
https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-install-ubuntu-desktop#0


Host-only network on Ubuntu 14.04 [VBox on W7]

You can not have connection this way because the host only mode does not allow your machine to access to other machines of the network, and only your host machine can access your guest.
You need to add a second interface after enabling the NAT mode to be able to access Internet.
I suggest you this video (not mine) to see the difference and the need to enable the NAT mode for your guest.
The NAT interface you will add to your VM needs to be dynamic unlike the other.

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet dhcp


Black screen booting ubuntu linux 4.15.042-generic. Not able to boot in recovery mode either

Thanks heynnema!

Before I saw your reply I started with replacing the optical drive with one from another not functioning macbook. It was because the old drive was malfunctioning and I couldnt boot from usb so I wanted to get the drive going and boo from CD. When I changed the optical drive the computer suddendly didnt get stuck on booting. It did a bunch of stuff  that it doesnt normally do for booting and then went on to the login page. Maybe all the connecting and disconnecting on the motherboard somehow jolted it or maybe it was a complete coincidence...

Can I do a memtest from the terminal? It seems ok like my browser opened as the previous session and so on but it would be good to be sure everything is fine. I also would look online to see how to do a memtest from terminal and get the answer here.

Thanks so far!


Ubuntu VPS 18.04 server Apache2 Domain Alias

I figured out how to do it.

Simply add the domains you want to be an alias to the .conf file of the main domain. Example. 1store.com , 2store.com 3store.com . To make 2store.com and 3 store.com an alias of 1store.com edit 1store.com.conf and add DomainAlias 2store.com 3store.com www.2tore.com www.3store.com .

Simple problem that took me awhile. Hope it helps someone out there.


You could change the mount option on your mounts within your /etc/fstab file to include noatime, which stops the timestamps changing on your files when being accessed and thus less disk action. A small change but will help somewhat.


Is there a way to install Nokia PC Suite onto my netbook?

There is a howto on syncing other Nokia E-Series phones with evolution.

The other alternative is to try installing the Nokia PC Suite under Wine, but this is not likely to work very well.

If your computer recognises your phone, you may be able to install and use kmobiletools to sync your contacts.

If you add some more information about what exactly you need to do, there may be some more specific instructions I can add.


Connect to internet by some other adapter and install a better driver.

Run in terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtlwifi-new-dkms

Then reboot.


Error with missing Wallpaper after remove unity from sudo command

It's so funny that i solved my own question. LOL
.
So, after long googling i decided to remove mutter with this commands
sudo apt-get remove unity

And everything goes perfectly


As commented by user7547272 and oldfred, I disabled Fast Startup and hibernation on Windows 10, ran chown and chmod. Then I followed what was written in this post and my problem was solved.


How to delete/disable GNOME panels? (Existing solutions not working.)

There's an explanation of how to replace gnome-panel with awn on the AWN FAQ

  If you have "Configuration Editor"
  (AKA gconf-editor) installed, run it
  and navigate to the key folder
  /desktop/gnome/session/required_components.
  Double-click on the key panel in the
  right-hand pane to edit it, and change
  the value to "avant-window-navigator"
  followed by the "OK" button.
  Alternatively, you can run the
  following command from the terminal:

gconftool-2 --type=string --set /desktop/gnome/session/required_components/panel 'avant-window-navigator'

I did this on my laptop the other day and it worked fine.  As a side note, to bring gnome-panel back:

gconftool-2 --type=string --set /desktop/gnome/session/required_components/panel 'gnome-panel'


How can I change or hide the ~/snap directory?

So..

A1: No; ~/snap is not supposed to be accessed manually on a daily basis; it's a  settings directory.

A2:  No; ~/snap cannot be changed; it's cluttering your home dir by design.

However
there is already a bug report on this issue, but it's currently only prioritized as wishlist. If you're affected by this bug (and you are if you have a ~/snap =) then let the kind developers know, and encourage them to fix the bug by raising its significance:

Go to the bug report
Login to Launchpad (top right corner).
Click This bug affects N people. Does this bug affect you? (near top left)
Click Yes, this bug affects me

In the meantime do like @Rinzwind suggests and simply hide the directory from Nautilus by typing this in a shell:

echo snap >> ~/.hidden

Alternative get completely rid of snap by downright uninstalling everything related snap, as described here.


Steam no longer launching after recent Ubuntu update

In case anyone finds this in the future, here's the solution that worked for me, from a user on Reddit. It seems using nVidia's own installers works better than using apt. The detailed steps:

Download the nVidia drivers from nVidia's website. For me, this was version 440.64.
Log out
Enter the console with Ctrl-Alt-F2
Stop gdm with sudo systemctl stop gdm -- afterwards, I had to Ctrl-Alt-F2 again to get back to the console.
Remove previous drivers installed by apt with sudo apt remove '^nvidia.*'
Install the downloaded drivers with sudo sh NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-440.64.run
Restart gdm with sudo systemctl start gdm

Steam was able to start after these steps for me.


Landscape cannot be added "HTTP 410 Error Gone" to MAAS

Hit the same problem, found this: https://bugs.launchpad.net/landscape/+bug/1592994

Seems we can give up at this point till they support MAAS 2.0


fstrim on external SSD drives don't work

USB drives use a USB<>SATA translation via an IC. Different ICs offer slightly more or less SATA command translations. They all translate the SATA commands required for typical disk usage.

So, the hdparm -I (inquiry) command will work. It will tell the user that 'trim' is supported. But that doesn't mean the USB<>SATA translation includes translating the trim command.

It isn't that the inquiry -I command gives incorrect information. The USB<>SATA translation chip just isn't designed to translate the trim command. If enough users complain, something might be done to make the translations more complete.


How do I resolve a connection issue I'm having between my laptop and my Brother printer?

@user68186's referral to this guide led me to the solution. In particular, adding the printer's IP address via the "Find Network Printer" feature did the trick! Thanks so much! :)


What is the best free OR proprietary DAW running on Ubuntu?

The best one I've come across is Ardour, which is also part of the Ubuntu Studio distribution.

Then there's Reaper, but that only has an "experimental" Linux build, so no idea how well that is running.


How can I configure the express keys for my Intuos drawing tablet?

After some searching around, I found this http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1515562

It seems that the buttons are like a mouse's. So there are three buttons for left, right, and middle click, and four buttons are for scroll. Buttons 1 and 2 are the buttons on the upper left of my Intuos and the Buttons for the upper right buttons is Button 8 and 9.

You can get a better explanation from the link.


Here is just one of many solutions:

On your server, install a VNC server, like so:

sudo apt-get install vnc4server

Now you can start VNC sessions with the vncserver command. You can start as many as you like, or have your users SSH into your server and start the servers themselves.

Then use a VNC client on your client computers to connect to the server.


Why am I getting "trusty" in a path while running ubuntu 12.04?

I would say that you are running 12.04.5 and it is the hardware enablement stack that was introduced a few months ago. Some relevant parts from the link:

  What is HWE?

  Hardware Enablement Stacks (HWE) are incorporated into installers for select Ubuntu LTS (Long Term Support) point releases. It is a special Ubuntu feature that provides an LTS release with hardware support introduced in newer Ubuntu releases. For Ubuntu 12.04 the point releases are .2/.3/.4/.5 and the corresponding Ubuntu releases are 12.10/13.04/13.10/14.04.

  The HWE path can be obtained in 2 ways:

  Installing Ubuntu from the media (ISO) for these point releases (where HWE is used by default)
  Manually installing some packages

  End-of-life (EOL) for 12.04, 12.04.1, and 12.04.5 HWE is April 2017 but for the other HWE stacks it is roughly when 14.04.1 is released: Aug 8, 2014.

  And why should I care?*

  Starting Aug 8, 2014 systems running 12.04.2 HWE, 12.04.3 HWE, or 12.04.4 HWE will no longer receive software updates for the kernel and, if you're running it, the graphics stack.


Bizarre Internet Connectivity Issue - Possibly DNS Related

Thankfully, I found a solution to this problem. Or more accurately, I found an article written by someone who experienced this same issue with Ubuntu 17.04 and thankfully had more knowledge than myself.

This gist of it is that it is indeed a DNS issue. The problem is being caused by a service called "systemd-resolved." More specifically, the DNSSEC function of the service is not playing well with resolv.conf. The fix is to either disable that feature (not secure) or replace it with another service called "unbound." In my case, I followed the author's steps to disable DNSSEC, and it fixed the problem immediately. That sufficiently proved to me that it was the issue; so, I then followed his steps to replace systemd-resolved with unbound. I can now browse the internet with abandon.

Here is a link to the article. If anyone would like to chime in with some in-depth technical explanation, I would enjoy it. Otherwise, thanks for tuning in.


Script to clear buffers / cache still says permission denied

root & perms
I guess you run your script with root (?)
In any way, you should not modify the access rights of the file
no need to tee
You dont need to tee, you'd better use sysctl
sudo sync && sudo sysctl vm.drop_caches=1

pagecache, dentries & inodes
vm.drop_caches=1 # to free pagecache
vm.drop_caches=2 # to free dentries & inodes
vm.drop_caches=3 # to free pagecache, dentries & inodes

So why not use vm.drop_caches=3
cron schedule
As you want to schedule it with cron, you can design your script for the root user, then schedule it by inserting a job in the root's crontab
The script
#!/bin/bash
/usr/bin/sync
# /usr/bin/echo 1 | /usr/bin/tee /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
/usr/sbin/sysctl vm.drop_caches=1

Put the script file in a directory available to root user. For ex in the /root folder, ie /root/clearcache.sh
Then add a root cronjob
Here, the script will be run every hours, 0 minutes, every day
sudo crontab -e
0 * * * * /root/clearcache.sh

Finally
A script is not required, simply add the two commands as a job in the root's crontab
sudo crontab -e
0 * * * * /usr/bin/sync; /usr/sbin/sysctl vm.drop_caches=1


The problem disappeared to the end of October. A possible reason: something was (is?) not initialised in its correct place, but this causes error in some circumstances only. As a consequence of next updates the circumstances have changed. I am afraid, the problem may return, but now doesn't exist.


Upgrading to Ubuntu 18.04 or Ubuntu 20.04 removes the PHP7.2-FPM Exploit.


How do I enable a specific pam config in the lockscreen?

Currently this is not possible. From the Unity code (lockscreen/UserAuthenticatorPam.cpp):

// FIXME (andy) We should install our own unityshell pam file.
  return pam_start("lightdm", username_.c_str(),
                   &conversation, &pam_handle_) == PAM_SUCCESS;

You should file a feature request for this.


Why does apt-get autoremove uninstall less packages than aptitude remove does?

aptitude is more aggressive than apt-get about resolving package dependencies. aptitude remembers which packages were explicitly requested and which packages were only installed due to dependencies. It will automatically uninstall packages which were not explicitly requested when they are no longer needed.

apt-get treats packages requested explicitly and their dependencies the same. apt-get autoremove doesn't remove packages installed only as dependencies, it removes orphaned dependencies. It can't tell whether a left over package was installed with intent or as a dependency so it leaves it, whereas aptitude would know and remove it.

Source: revised from https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/767/what-is-the-real-difference-between-apt-get-and-aptitude-how-about-wajig/772#772


File/directory compare with right click in Thunar / Xubuntu

The accepted answer is very close, but not entirely correct.

In order to compare multiple files / directories, create a new Action with the following command:

  meld %F

Only using "meld %f" will only allow you to open one object in meld.

See attached screenshots for an example.

Basic Action Seetings

Action Appearance Conditions

I would have made this a comment, but I am not yet allowed to do so.


In general each Debian package you install also will contain the resulting file location on your system after installation. Packages can be opened and viewed with the Archive Manager.

Alternatively we may also browse a package content on http://packages.ubuntu.com where all packages in the repositories should be listed. For opencv-doc this will reveal the following file list:

/usr/share/doc/opencv-doc/CMakeLists.txt
/usr/share/doc/opencv-doc/README.Debian
/usr/share/doc/opencv-doc/acircles_pattern.png
/usr/share/doc/opencv-doc/changelog.Debian.gz
[...]

This package like many other documentation files will therefore install to /usr/share/doc/<packagename>.


After several days, and shortly after making this post, I finally found the solution.

In the address bar enter "about:config".
Acknowledge that these are potentially dangerous settings (at your own risk).
Search for "network.protocol-handler.external.shell" set it to "true"

I do not know why this is necessary. I assume what it does is force Firefox to check with the OS to find out who is supposed to handle http and https links, discovers that it is, and then loads them. I don't know if this increases the time it takes for links to load or if that's just how Firefox is.


If your backup media has a linux format eg ext3 or ext4 (and it probably should, or file attributes won't get backed up), then there is a neat trick you can do with rsync and cp -al making good use of a feature of the file system: you do an incremental backup, but then you create hard links to the files at each backup. This means you only copy the files that have changed but the backup media only has one copy of each file so doesn't balloon in size, (I can't take the credit for this; it was in a comment on a long-previous question that I could not begin to find again.)

My (daily) backup goes something like:

DEST=/media/$USER/backups         # the name my backup media is mounted under
rsync -av --progress --delete --exclude ".[!.]*"  ~/ $DEST/current
DATE=`date -I`
mkdir $DEST/$DATE
cp -al $DEST/current/ $DEST/$DATE

this updates "current" with only the files that have changed, but creates a directory named after today's date with hard links to all the files. Thus ls of each days backups appear to contain all the files in situ, but there is in fact only one copy on the backup media. The latter point is also the downside: as there's only one copy of each file you should rotate the media so you have multiple copies, but that is good backup practice anyway.


Cannot install Nvidia drivers v396 on Ubuntu 18.04

I tried to install the unmet dependencies as suggested in the comment. I start with libnvidia-gl-396. That resulted in the same error message about unmet dependencies and a broken package. I tried to fix that with

sudo apt-get install --fix-broken

but that didn't work. I rebooted and ran software and updates again. To my surprise it listed all available versions from 390 onwards: 390, 396, 410 and 415, where it first listed just 390. Tried to install any of them but that didn't succeed. Got no message as to why.

As I'd figured out before the following versions were available:

$ ubuntu-drivers devices
== /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.1/0000:08:00.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000010DEd00001B06sv00001458sd0000374Cbc03sc00i00
vendor   : NVIDIA Corporation
model    : GP102 [GeForce GTX 1080 Ti]
driver   : nvidia-driver-415 - third-party free recommended
driver   : nvidia-driver-396 - third-party free
driver   : nvidia-driver-390 - third-party free
driver   : nvidia-driver-410 - third-party free
driver   : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin

Version 396 would be ok for now, but Cuda 10 already needs driver version 410, so I could live with the recommendation. This article suggested to remove the old drivers and install the new ones as follows:

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia-*
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

And it worked. I can now run Tensorflow 1.12 without it complaining about the wrong driver version.


How do I move the window buttons back to the right for all users?

gconf-editor has an option to do this. Just right-click on a value you want to set for all users, and click "Set Default". PolicyKit will open and ask you for your password. After that every new user will have that value.


ubuntu--vg-root partition will not free up space after deleting files

Stupid error :D

I was able to solve this by running:

tune2fs -m1 /dev/ubuntu--vg-root

Of course, /dev/sda1 wasn't the drive that was full. After running that I was able to log the GUI. Also, after I removed a lot more files I was able to run:

tune2fs -m5 /dev/ubuntu--vg-root

in order to set it back again without my system getting full.


Using StartupWMClass for applications running in a terminal

This is not a perfect solution, but for now it works.  Googling around I found the following
https://itectec.com/ubuntu/ubuntu-how-to-make-a-custom-launcher-for-terminal-applications/
which shows how to launch an application in a terminal although the launcher uses Terminal=false. In essense you are launching a terminal emulator which then runs the application.  There are two possible gotchas with this method. First, it specifically calls a particular terminal emulator; second, the --class option is depreciated and may not work in the future.
So, for now (Ubuntu 20.04.1 and Gnome 3.36.3), I have replaced the lines
Terminal=true
Exec=/home/rquint/Sage/SageMath/sage --class=SageTerminal

with
Terminal=false
Exec=gnome-terminal --class=SageTerminal -e /home/rquint/Sage/SageMath/sage

and have the behaviour I desired.


Where is Bing's Picture of the Day stored on my system?

The images are saved in ~/.cache/plasmashell/plasma_engine_potd.

~/.cache/plasmashell/plasma_engine_potd $ ll
total 47492
drwxrwxr-x 2 dkb dkb     4096 Dec 20 15:43 ./
drwxrwxr-x 9 dkb dkb     4096 Dec 20 12:11 ../
-rw-rw-r-- 1 dkb dkb  3540733 Dec 20 15:43 apod
-rw-rw-r-- 1 dkb dkb  3462109 Dec 20 12:11 bing
-rw-rw-r-- 1 dkb dkb 41607252 Dec 20 14:30 wcpotd
~/.cache/plasmashell/plasma_engine_potd $ file *
apod:   PNG image data, 3049 x 1033, 8-bit/color RGB, non-interlaced
bing:   PNG image data, 1920 x 1080, 8-bit/color RGB, non-interlaced
wcpotd: PNG image data, 7963 x 4886, 8-bit/color RGB, non-interlaced
~/.cache/plasmashell/plasma_engine_potd $

Credit: https://www.reddit.com/r/kde/comments/5rv5v4/really_like_the_picture_of_the_day_wallpaper/ddbfyol/

To use these images, copy them over to the folder in which you store your wallpapers and modify the filenames to have .png as the file extension. This step is necessary for the GUI to list them.

By the way, a deleted answer by miharix linked to a site where it's possible to view previous Bing wallpapers along with a brief description of each wallpaper.


I suspect they're just trying to stop people nicking portions of the documentation for their own nefarious purposes but no, by all measures that matter to people like us, that document is not free.

But the MAAS packages in the main repos all use the AGPL3 license:

MAAS is Copyright 2012 Canonical Ltd.

Canonical Ltd ("Canonical") distributes the MAAS source code
under the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3 ("AGPLv3").
The full text of this licence is given below.

Third-party copyright in this distribution is noted where applicable.

All rights not expressly granted are reserved.

AGPL3 is a pretty strange license if you haven't seen it before. It's just like GPL3 except for an additional clause, paraphrased on the "Why AGPL?" GNU page:

  if you run the program on a server and let other users communicate with it there, your server must also allow them to download the source code corresponding to the program that it's running. If what's running there is your modified version of the program, the server's users must get the source code as you modified it.

It's undoubtedly free but while most free software licenses let you keep website modifications to yourself, this requires you make them available. That could be important. It might be too free for your purposes. It's an interesting license.

Will it always be free? Probably. Standard open-source logic applies here:

If they own the code, they could release future versions as non-free, for-money (or otherwise) releases and stop releasing under AGPL.
But Canonical can't stop people redistributing the current version.
And they couldn't stop somebody continuing development and/or redistributing a fork of the current version (provided it uses another name).

Like a lot of project starters, Canonical gets extended permissions from contributors to its projects. I can't remember what the current name for this copyright agreement but it would make it extremely easy for Canonical to release closed-source versions of its products... But again, they can't stop the current versions from being [A]GPL.


`snap` fails from inside docker container

It takes more than that to get snapd working inside a Docker container. Check out Ogra's container here:
https://github.com/ogra1/snapd-docker


,Can anyone help me with upgrading ubuntu-mate 20.04 on my raspberry pi 4?

That's because you can put that address in your browser to see that the source files do not exist on the internet, so it's not being maintained any more.
I have done a search for those files, and they seem to still exist at these locations, so you can try to replace the URLs in /etc/apt/sources.list with one of them:
http://18.219.209.11/ubuntu-ports/dists/groovy/main/binary-armhf/
http://52.15.97.248/ubuntu-ports/dists/groovy/main/binary-armhf/
http://212.47.225.68/ubuntu-ports/dists/groovy/main/binary-armhf/
http://91.189.94.8/ubuntu/dists/groovy/main/binary-armhf/
https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/20.10/prod/dists/groovy/main/binary-armhf/

If you don't want to bother with a text editor, from the command line:
sudo sed -i s@/us.archive.ubuntu.com@/91.189.94.8@g /etc/apt/sources.list

Then
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

If apt complains that they contain files that are not signed with the official keys, then your best course of action would be to create a new SD card from an updated image, and then just copy over your /home directory with an SD Card adapter.


This is because of GPT.

On my Ubuntu 16.04 LTS system fdisk -l /dev/sda shows the following:

Disk /dev/sda: xxx GiB, yyyyyyyyyyyyy bytes, zzzzzzzzz sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
**Disklabel type: gpt**
Disk identifier: AAAAAAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD-EEEEEEEEEEEE

Device         Start       End   Sectors   Size Type
/dev/sda1       2048    616447    614400   300M EFI System
...

But sudo parted /dev/sda shows almost the same:

(parted) p
Model: ATA ... (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: xxxGB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
**Partition Table: gpt**
Disk Flags:

Number  Start   End     Size    File system     Name                          Flags
 1      1049kB  316MB   315MB   fat32           EFI system partition          **boot**, esp
...

So parted correctly shows boot flag.


The Quick Fix (to force the reverting back to the "xserver-org-video-ati" open source drivers):

We need to make sure that both the "fglrx-core" and "fglrx-updates-core" software packages are removed.  Only one of those two will be currently installed.  We'll attempt to remove both, just to be safe.

In a Terminal:

sudo apt-get remove fglrx-core

[give your user's password, then enter "y" to proceed]
sudo apt-get remove fglrx-updates-core
Reboot.
Log back in, then go back to "Additional Drivers" (search for that in the Dash).  You'll see your video driver choices looking like they used to, and the xserver-org-video-ati choice is selected (not fglrx).  Now leave these choices alone!

A longer-winded explanation:

I had the same problem as you, in Ubuntu 15.04 64-bit, but my ATI video card is slightly different:

# lspci -k | grep VGA -A2
00:01.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. \
    [AMD/ATI] Richland [Radeon HD 8510G]
    Subsystem: Toshiba America Info Systems Device fa16
    Kernel driver in use: fglrx_pci

My laptop is a Toshiba L50D-A.

I was stuck myself, with "fglrx_pci" effectively being shown (by lspci) as used (not "radeon", which is what you'll see when the "xserver-org-video-ati" driver is being used in "Software Updates" -> "Additional Drivers"), experiencing very sluggish video performance, and the "Additional Drivers" video driver choices being locked, unchangeably, on "Continue using a manually installed driver".

This suggests the problem is not just with your specific video chipset, but with (some? all?) ATI chipsets in general.

What's shocking to me is that one effectively could not even revert back to the open source driver.  That is to say that currently it's a trap, to even attempt to use the provided ATI proprietary driver choices, after a fresh Ubuntu install.

ATI has had a long-standing reputation for having poor proprietary video drivers in Linux.  I suppose it was nice of them that they made them at all.

These various Ubuntu forums are rife with ATI problems, and they never really seem to go away.  ATI's driver testing employees clearly don't do thorough testing, when it comes to a laptop suspending/waking up (and then switching between users after doing so).

In the future, you'd do well to NOT BUY ATI VIDEO CHIPSETS IN THE FIRST PLACE, if you want to use Ubuntu.  This might eventually encourage ATI to spend more on software driver testing for Linux (if they see that they are losing money, because customers are choosing competing products instead).

You'd also do well not to shut-the-laptop-lid-to-suspend, thereby asking for trouble (although this seemed to work OK using the Open Source "xserver-org-video-ati" driver for me.  YMMV).

Note: with the proprietary "fglrx_pci" driver, I could get 120 fps in Extreme Tux Racer.  With the open source "radeon" driver, I could get 60 fps.  That 60 fps is a rather decent framerate for me (in the sense that it sure feels like there IS hardware acceleration), making me not care about taking risks with the ATI proprietary drivers again.

Also Note: My semi-transparent misty Unity Dash once again opens nice and fast with the "radeon" driver as well, compared to a sluggish, no-transparency Dash (experienced during the "stuck, no-acceleration fglrx" problem above).


IBM Ultrium Tape drive shows up but can't mount a tape

Tape drives are a bit old school , and you manage them with mt and tar.

My guess is that it takes time for the tape to write (with your erase command).

man mt

Rewind the tape

mt -f dev/nst0 rewind

List files on the tape

tar -tzf dev/nst0

See also: http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-tape-backup-with-mt-and-tar-command-howto/


Crontab not Executes my python file but output is not generated...!

Output of jobs run from crontab are not displayed on the screen. In order to see the output of a cron job, you need to capture it in a file. You can do so by adding
>> /home/myuser/myscript.log 2>&1
after the command in your crontab (of course, replace /home/myuser/myscript.log by the actual log file you want to use). The 2>&1 will redirect error output to the first file descriptor that receives standard output, so it will be included in the file
Traditionally, such output would be mailed using the local mailer daemon to the owner of the job.


How to PRINT a screen using a keyboard shortcut?

In "system settings" go to "Keyboard" ==> "Shortcuts" and then click on "Screenshots" and now you can edit what ever key you like to be your "screenshot key"
have fun


Accessing root files by logging in as normal user

Your desktop is running under normal user and not as root user that is why you can access files created by root only via terminal


Do enable IPv6 on your machine, edit the 99-sysctl.conf file:

sudo nano /etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf

Look for those three lines in that file:

net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 0
net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 0

If they are there already, they might have a '1' at the end. Change the '1' to '0' on each of these three lines.
Else add those three lines at the bottom of that file, then save changes and quit the editor.

Now execute this command to load the above changes:

sudo sysctl -p

At this point IPv6 is permanently enabled on your system.

To disable IPv6 again, edit the file, change the three values from '0' to '1', save, and run sudo sysctl -p again.


Newer Kernels cause problems for my SSD, how can I fix?

You may have already fixed this by now, but I thought I'd post here as well as the original thread.

TLDR: Try booting with kernel parameter nvme_core.force_apst=1


Can't load x.org nvidia driver when intel gpu is enabled (3 monitor setup)

Do they both show up in lspci output? Since the same config works when one of the gpus is disabled, I don't trust the error message.

You could try fixing the interrupt and memory apertures in BIOS.


Having RAM problems, I need a error check program

There is not much to explain about memtest. Basically it moves patterns through all the memory cells in all possible combinations and therefore puts stress on the RAM.

There are only 2 things you need to know:

Once you see red lines with error messages in the lower half of the screen you know the RAM is faulty.
How much sets of tests have been completed (passes).

Usually if one pass has been completed and you have no error messages the RAM is probably good. There is not much benefit in letting memtest run for over a day. If your system is already heated up, then 1 to 3 passes are enough to know if the RAM is fine or faulty. The technical details show a lot of information that could be related to RAM issues like overclocking for example or a chipset that is beeing known to cause memory issues.

For basic usage and analysis it boils down to:

Test normal configuration.
Are there any errors?

Test every module independently by removing all but one RAM module.
Are there any errors? Remove the faulty ones and test the full configuration without the faulty ones.

Note: There are kernel modules like Badram available, that detect bad memory cells and prevent the operating system from using them, but those are meant to be used for servers if I recall correctly and the best solution is still to replace the faulty RAM modules.

What RAM does not like is overclocking and heat.


How can I recover my Ubuntu 20.04 system after ubuntu-drivers-comon dist-upgrade?

It turned out that this command solved the issue:

  sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

Followed by reboot. No purge was necessary. Though it did cost almost 1 Gb of disk space.

Thank you to all that helped :)


Using the command 'echo' how can I write a large amount of text and see the result?

If you're seeing an arrow then bash (the "shell" that interprets and executes your commands) thinks the command is not complete yet. In your case it's probably because you have unclosed quote characters (or some other unmatched delimiters) in your text.

Quotes, apostrophes and various other characters are handled in a special way by bash, and need to follow certain syntactic rules. They are not simply passed verbatim into the command you're trying to run, so if you want to pass these characters into the command without bash trying to interpret them, you'll need to "escape" them by preceding them with a backslash character (\).

Some of these characters are: "':;(){}*#$!|\.

So for example, instead of:

echo I'm Joe

Use:

echo I\'m Joe

To receive better help I suggest you update your question and include the command you're to execute, if you're fine with posting the text.


Dual Boot - Grub2 not detecting Ubuntu Server (10.4, 64 bit) after installing Ubuntu Desktop (12.04)

One solution could be to setup one of your;
/etc/grub.d/40_custom
so that you have one manual configuration added into your grub menu.

Not an Ideal solution but should solve the problem

Grub2/CustomMenus


rsync can do this and can also automatically append a timestamp to your backup files.
You can also put a rsync command straight into cron. As an example for a daily backup:

@daily rsync -ab --suffix=_`date +%F` -R {server}:/var/wwww /home/backups/

(this assumes you can already access this machine and that /home/backups/ exists and you also need to change {server} to the system where the files are)

The links posted in comments uses this as an example but has a better method end result: a backup script that you use from cron.


Can I get a 100% dedicated CPU to my critical process?

Im going to stick my neck out here and say that this isnt possible on Linux in general.

In SMP systems there is a scheduler running on each core, which is why you are still getting context switches. If your application is really that critical, perhaps you should be using some kind of RTOS, rather than linux.


If my HP880c deskjet powers off and I power it back on: how can I get Ubuntu send the rest of the job without having to reboot Ubuntu?

When facing a printer problem under Ubuntu, the first thing to try (at the moment the printer has its problem) is:

Go to a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T and type:

sudo /etc/init.d/cups restart


Unable to retreive Tomboy Notes from Backup Folder

You can always open notes with any text editor, like Gedit, Ubuntu's default. Just right-click on the .note file then select Open With Other Application... and find Gedit.

To get all your notes back and viewable on a fresh install of Ubuntu, you can install Tomboy and then place all the notes you backed up in .local/share/tomboy within your home directory. If you can't see the .local folder in the file manager, just hit Ctrl+H to show hidden files.


The old version of the X Windows 2d acceleration software, XAA was disabled and removed from the Xorg server, unfortunately the mga driver does not support the new method of doing 2d acceleration...

You can see that in your Xorg.log file:

...
[    81.014] (WW) MGA(0): Not supported by hardware, not initializing the DRI
...
[    81.015] (WW) MGA(0): Direct rendering disabled
...

In the meantime try changing the Driver setting in your  xorg.conf file to "vesa" and remove the BusID line.

You won't get acceleration but it may work better.

Looking at the code for the mga driver on freedesktop.org there has ben some work on making it work better, this might be relevant:

https://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/driver/xf86-video-mga/commit/?id=da1223394ac9b6f3974b0b2570cbf46a2425fc11

So it's possible that the latest version of the mga driver will be better.


How do I find all of my software sources?

Software repositories as used for apt-get are set in /etc/apt/sources.list.

apt-add-repository adds additional repositories in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.list. Note that the extension is .list too. To find all occurences of these *.list files, run the next command in a terminal window:

find /etc/apt/ -name '*.list' -ls -exec cat {} \;

It will provide all useful information regarding software repositories used by apt. If this list is very long, and a file is preffered, use the next command to create a file in the current directory, named repositories.txt:

find /etc/apt/ -name '*.list' -ls -exec cat {} \; > repositories.txt

To post this list on Askubuntu, go to http://paste.ubuntu.com/ and paste the list in the big text field. Submit the form by pressing "Paste!" and copy the URL from the location bar (which should look like "http://paste.ubuntu.com/566454/"). Finally, paste this URL in your question.


Ubuntu start up shows start up code when it didnt before

You need to edit /etc/fstab.
First, Open Disks. Find the partition with Contents: Ext4 (version 1.0) — Mounted at Filesystem Root. Copy its UUID.
Open /etc/fstab from terminal using sudo gedit /etc/fstab.
Find the line below # / was on /dev/sdaXX during installation. Where XX is your partition number. Change the UUID= with the one you copied.


Interface missed after namespace removal

This happens when a process is left running in the namespace after the namespace is removed. You need to stop/kill this process before adding the same interface again.
If you can't find the process, you could search for the interface name with find in /proc, eg.:

root@linx:~# vconfig add enp1s0 10
ERROR: trying to add VLAN #10 to IF -:enp1s0:-  error: File exists

root@linx:~# find /proc/ -name enp1s0.10
/proc/18557/task/18557/net/vlan/enp1s0.10
/proc/18557/task/18557/net/dev_snmp6/enp1s0.10
/proc/18557/net/vlan/enp1s0.10
/proc/18557/net/dev_snmp6/enp1s0.10

root@linx:~# kill -9 18557

root@linx:~# vconfig add enp1s0 10
Added VLAN with VID == 10 to IF -:enp1s0:-


is there a way for Linux to check if he attempted data recovery on it ?

Absolutely not, assuming he did a good job. Serious data recovery procedures explicitly require that the source drive be not altered in any way to ensure data does not get overwritten.

If the drive showed signs of usage, that would mean he didn't do a very good job.


xorg.conf for two monitors, single ati graphics card

ARandR will allow you to do this. It is available through the software centre. It is a GUI for configuring external monitors. It will allow you to extend your laptop screen out to an external monitor and drag windows across. I have used it for my TV.

Go to the software centre and search for ARandR. Download and open it. It should automatically detect any ext monitor that is plugged in. LVDS1 will probably be the name of your laptop screen, while VGA1 or HDMI1 will probably be the name of the ext monitor. You can position the ext monitor to any side of your laptop screen by clicking and dragging the appropriate monitor. Having them overlapping completely will have the same display showing on both monitors, while having them side by side will extend your usable space over the two monitors. You can even have them slightly overlapping if you so wish. Play around a little. Once you have gotten a configuration you like click the 'tick' symbol. and it will be applied.

When using the system afterwards, should you wish to drag a window to the ext monitor, simply click on the titlebar and drag to the side of your laptop screen that you placed the ext monitor on and you will see your window begin to appear on the ext monitor.


Ubuntu Installation-No Internet connection

Don't worry about the updates, you can download them later.


Look in /var/crash to see if X or something crashed. Check dmesg for any kernel faults.  Look at the last dozen lines or so of /var/log/Xorg.0.log for evidence of an X crash in the form of a backtrace. Check your /var/log/gdm/ logs as well for backtraces or error messages from X.


So I had thought that Abdulla Nilam's solution had worked initially but it seems that it didn't necessarily, as after freshly installing, it did not work.

What ultimately worked was following this answer, but replacing yakkety with xenial.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:canonical-kernel-team/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install linux-generic-lts-xenial
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:canonical-kernel-team/ppa

Reboot

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux/firmware_1.161_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux-firmware_1.161_all.deb

It is possible that part of Abdulla's answer did work however, because I rebooted after trying the above commands, had no change, and after following Abdulla's answer it did work... Of course I did the exact same on this install thinking it would work, so I have no way to tell what went on.


Could anybody help me install OOF 1 on my Ubuntu 16.04 virtual machine?

OOF1 : Please ask at the University how others did setup oof1 : The code is ancient, may compile on some older OS. ( No luck with Ubuntu 16.04 : g++34, g77 was used.)

OOF2 :

sudo apt update && sudo apt install libgtk2.0-dev libgnomecanvas2-dev libmagick++-dev python-gtk2-dev

tar xvf oof2-2.1.14.tar.gz
cd oof2-2.1.14/
python setup.py build
sudo python setup.py install

Start oof2 : $ oof2 → The oof2 GUI opens OK.


Ubuntu One stuck on "Getting information, please wait..." , Windows 7

I have had the same problem for a few months, as bad as I have decided to just drop the software.
A few months later, I found the win xp version has already been developed to 4.20 version, installed it numerous times, tried to completely remove and nothing seemed to work until I have deleted xdg folder under application data.
It definitely worth a shot. I am on xp sp3 by the way.


Ubuntu 14.04 and 16.04 installers can't detect nvme in raid mode

That's a known problem with Linux. ATM, there is no driver for SSD RAID, unfortunately.

See this article: http://www.techrepublic.com/article/lenovo-denies-deliberately-blocking-linux-on-windows-10-pcs/

Hopefully, at some point, there will be a driver. To any future viewers: if a driver becomes available, please leave a comment below.


Everytime I try to do updates via the update manager it prompts me to enter my password

I would run update manager from the terminal then you can grab a copy of the messages in the terminal then you can paste the result at paste.ubuntu.com and post the link in your original question (you can edit it) this will show if it is a bug in the update manager package or possibly some where else. Plus make a note of the time when you start the proccess as it will make it easier to find any errors which relate to the action in your logs which are in Administration -> Log viewer.

the command for update manager is.

update-manager

Hope this helps


Unable to boot into windows after installing Ubuntu, two hard drives

You should use boot-repair

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Please make sure that your BIOS points to the disk(second drive) where grub is being installed. This way grub gets control from BIOS to load the O/S and works accordingly.

grub2 is by default installed in recent Ubuntu Linux versions.


Unsupported architecture 'i386' when running `apt update` on Virtualbox bionic repo

Manual comparison of previous 16.04 LTS folder structure

with current 18.04 LTS folder structure

gives interesting result: it seems that Oracle dropped 32 bit for bionic repository.

See information on official Downloads page:

  VirtualBox binaries

  By downloading, you agree to the terms and conditions of the respective license.

  If you're looking for the latest VirtualBox 5.2 packages, see VirtualBox 5.2 builds. >Please also use version 5.2 if you still need support for 32-bit hosts, as this has been discontinued in 6.0. Version 5.2 will remain supported until July 2020.

So you should change repository line in the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list to

deb [arch=amd64] http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian bionic contrib


Is there a ONVIF Device Manager alternative for Ubuntu 16.04LTS

xeoma has a tar.gz installer. 32-bit and 64-bit. It only has 1 file and worked straight out of the box for me.

Mind though: it is payware (and monthly even, if I read the license correctly).

Open source and free: zoneminder They have a warning: don't use our repos since they are out of date and to use their PPA. Pity it has not been updated to 16.04 so is out of date as well ( :P ).


Can't drag maximized windows from the panel like i could in the beta

It seems to be working in my laptop. Try this once:

Open up CompizConfig Settings Manager (install the package ccsm if you don't already have it).
Scroll down to the "Window Management" section and open the "Grid" plugin by clicking it.

Navigate to the "Edges" tab and expand the "Resize Actions" section.
Ensure that the settings "Snapoff maximized windows" and "Snap windows back to original size" are checked. Also ensure that the "Grid" plugin itself is enabled :).


Ubuntu 14.04 Dual Boot Resolution Broken (Only 2 resolutions to choose from)

Figured it out.
Went to System Settings > Software and Updates, and set the option to change my GFX card to binary.
That allowed me to use the highest resolution available on my 26" HDTV woo.

The 3rd picture in the answer to this question helped me - that's where it was at :P

how to get an nvidia control panel?


What do I install to start programming in java?

Depending on which version of java jre you use, you need to install a jdk, for example the package openjdk-6-jdk.

Once you've done that, you should be able to run a javac command to compile .java files.

For example A.java:

class A {
    public static void main(String[] a){
        System.out.println("hello");
    }
}

then compile to A.class

$ javac A.java

And run:

$ java A

This should output

> hello

Then the easiest thing to do is just to install Eclipse, and get started.


/etc/network/interfaces and ifup/ifdown still present. Why?

ifupdown is still being pulled in by pppoeconf; which may get installed on desktops (on servers, there should be no trace of ifupdown).

There is no use for ifupdown if you don't use pppoeconf, both can be safely removed. They were still installed automatically because some users may need pppoeconf to successfully get online and get additional packages.

If you upgrade from 16.04 or from 17.10, you will also have ifupdown remain on the system, since we can't safely migrate all configurations. It's better to leave ~400k around on the system (ifupdown + pppoeconf + any config they have) than to remove them and risk breaking things on upgrade.

/etc/network/interfaces is also left behind so we can point users to netplan, given the large number of docs that will be left around mentioning ifupdown here and there on the Internet.


The ST1000SPEX NIC has a Realtek RTL8111DL chip on it, so Ubuntu will take the r8168 driver. If you have a problem with the drivers try the ones at Realtek's official site.


Try the below command on terminal,

sudo apt-get purge cinnamon

This should completely remove it along with any configuration files that might be causing issues.


Is this OK to separate the partitions on 2 differents disks like that?

Yes, but I would not do this.

It is possible to prepare for a failure of a disk. If you have it like this and either of the disks dies you can not boot. It might be better to install the system on the 2nd disk and then edit the configuration of the server software to use a "data" partition with a size of 500Gb on disk 1. Apache, MySQL, Cups can all be told to use another location than /var/. That would make your backup plan easier: backup this one "data" disk makes sure you have it all safe. If the disk with data dies you take it out, put in a new one and restore your backup.

This data disk basically holds all you own data. MySQL database, website, VBox containers and everything else. If the disk fills up you buy a 2Tb disk, install it next to the 500Gb, move it over to the 2Tb and take the 500Gb out. Easy and quick.

If the system disk dies you make a new system disk and restore the settings files for each server software (and you of course have backups on the "data" disk of those configuration files.

Nowadays I would set a server up like this:

SCSI5 (2,0,0)
/data {remaining space}
/data/configuration/ {1Gb or so}

SCSI5 (2,1,0)
/ {remaining space}
/tmpfs {15Gb}
swap  {35Gb}

And change the config files to have it use /data/

Have a look at how a GCE (Google Compute Engine) works: you get a base system and mount your own user disk into it. And that user disk holds all your own software and data.

Regarding this specific setup:

  I'm trying to setup a Linux server

There are several servers you can set up: web, database, printer, file and tons more. The partition scheme should reflect what kind of server you are going to use.

For a SERVER 350Gb for /home/ is far too large. /home/ should have hardly anything in it and you can suffice with a mere 25Gb.

If this is a webserver (Apache) and database server (MySQL) will by default store its data in /var/. Depending on usage that directory can grow quickly and 30Gb might be too little. Well to me it is if you have 350Gb wasted on home.

Same goes for a print server: CUPS will use /var/ to store all of the history of all the prints (when set up to save those).

64Gb for /opt/ can be enough. It depends on what you are going to use. Eclipse, Tomcat, Jasperserver (a server that can create templates to create a pdf from mysql) can have it fill up quickly too.

Both /var/ and /opt/ would be better of getting each 150Gb from /home/.

The 111Gb for root is a lot too since the 2 big ones (/var/ and /opt) have their own partitions. But I guess to fill up the disk it is good enough. You could make it smaller and have /home/ on that one too.

15 Gb for /tmp/? What are you expecting to do with 15Gb of space there?


The new software center in Ubuntu 16.04 shows no application data found

Just had this problem after using bleachbit to cleanup the system on moving from the beta to the official release. Cleaning out all the cache data also blanked out the software center (re:user533424 above).

It seems to "magically" reappear by anything that regenerates this data. So...

settings>region languages> ... and changing or reinstalling your current language

....also worked for me.


How does curtin, cloud-init and the ephemeral image work?

The user triggers MaaS to deploy by telling MaaS a) which bare metal to use, a.k.a. the target bare metal b) which image and kernel you want to deploy to.
MaaS controls the target bare metal (usually via BMC) to power reset
The target bare metal netboots via PXE service provided by MaaS
The target bare metal boots into the ephemeral image provide by MaaS (via the previous PXE service)
cloud-init in the system (booted by the ephemeral image on the target bare metal) is triggered to talk to MaaS when the previous boot process completes.
MaaS offers the target bare metal more information and data because of the inquiry triggered by cloud-init previously.
cloud-init triggers curtin to write data according to the information provided in the previous step. For example, curtin knows which disk of the target bare metal should be written with the target image.
curtin completes to write the target image to the target disk of the target bare metal.
cloud-init gets the return status of curtin's writing mission, and reports the execution status and log to MaaS.
MaaS confirmed what cloud-init reported. If everything is ok, the target bare metal is rebooted by cloud-init, and MaaS chages the status of the target bare metal (the node) from "Deploying" to "Deployed" so MaaS will disable its PXE service for this deployed node.


Is there any other software which can...

LibreOffice Impress is a free program for creating presentations. LibreOffice Impress lets you create multimedia presentations of varying complexity.

In the slides of the presentation can include multimedia objects, 2D and 3D objects, special effects and animation.

LibreOffice Impress provides tools to create diagrams and flowcharts from the links between objects (like LibreOffice Draw). Also there are means for drawing free of objects. To objects you can add different styles, animations and effects.

To create a new presentation, you can use the presentation Wizard, which steps you can choose the options and features of the future presentation.

In Ubuntu, it is installed by default in LibreOffice Package, if you don't have it, try:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libreoffice

You can purge the PPA and downgrade LibreOffice to Ubuntu pre-installed version via command:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge && sudo ppa-purge ppa:libreoffice/ppa

And for running it use the command :

libreoffice --impress


useradd command in linux not working as expected?

Use adduser command. The adduser command is a Perl implementation of useradd (which is a C binary).

$ cat /usr/sbin/adduser | grep useradd
    my $useradd = &which('useradd');
        &systemcall($useradd, '--extrausers', '-d', $home_dir, '-g', $ingroup_name, '-s',
        &systemcall($useradd, '-d', $home_dir, '-g', $ingroup_name, '-s',
    my $useradd = &which('useradd');
        &systemcall($useradd, '--extrausers', '-d', $home_dir, '-g', $ingroup_name, '-s',
        &systemcall($useradd, '-d', $home_dir, '-g', $ingroup_name, '-s',
    # useradd without -p has left the account disabled (password string is '!')

adduser takes care of everything, i.e whether the user has been added to the /etc/passwd file or not.


Why I get "Cowardly refusing to create an empty archive" with TAR command?

I encountered this warning when trying to execute the command without specifying the zipped file name. For example:

tar -zcvf directoryName

The warning was not issued when I executed this:

tar -zcvf directoryName.tar.gz directoryName/


No sound (speakers or jack) on ASUS ZenBook on Ubuntu 18

The sound now works!

Updating to Ubuntu 18.10 didn't work. But worked is one or both of the two concurrent steps I took:

disable secure boot
upgrade to Ubuntu 19.04 (thank you Bludzee!)

Bad news though: my computer now struggles to boot (actually it intermittently manages to boot by itself one time out of 6, it's pretty bad!)


You can try to repair it from the console, using the command line.

When the computer is powering on, press the shift key, it should show you the grub menu (if you are dual booting this menu will appear without needing to press shift), it looks like this:

Select, using the cursor to move the highlighted row and enter to select it, the option labeled 'recovery mode'. It's usually the second option.

The computer will boot into this screen:

Firstly enable networking by selecting the "network" row.

Then select the root option.

Now type these commands, followed by intro, one by one.

apt-get update
apt-get dist-upgrade

This will do the same as updating from the GUI and hopefully recover the error.

When it's done, type

reboot

The computer should reboot into normal mode.


Input languages switch spontaneously too fast

This is a bug and it needs to be reported and fixed for future releases, see here:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ReportingBugs


I found the solution. I've added a kubuntu ppa and that was the problem. I tried to instal kde5 from a tutorial for kubuntu. Just check if you don't have something like this in your repos.


I am unable to solve this error in My Ubuntu 12.04 '/var/lib/dpkg/status' near line 1050 package 'swish++'

As the output suggests, your /var/lib/dpkg/status file has an error in it. The line 1050 prints

Depends: libc6 (.= 2.7)

The dot  should be a greater than sign (>). The various package commands (dpkg, apt-get etc.) don't understand what the dot is for. They are rather strict in their syntax. You should change this to the correct value.

So open the file as user root and change the value. You can use the editor vim:

sudo vim /var/lib/dpkg/status

and enter the sequence 1050Gf.r>:wq. This sequence goes to line 1050 (1050G), searches for a dit (f.), replaces it with > (r>) and saves/closes the file (:wq).

Another way would be sed:

sudo sed -i.bak 's,^\(Depends: *libc6 *(\.\),\1,' /var/lib/dpkg/status

However you could also use any graphical editor, like Geany, Gedit or others. Assuming you are using Geany:

gksu geany +1050 /var/lib/dpkg/status
This command  will first ask for your user password and afterwards open the file at line 1050. The line should begin with Depends and you'll find the dot after the opening braket.
Move the cursor to the dot and change it to >. So that it reads libc6 (>= 2.7)
Save (Ctrl-S)and close the file.
Update the packages with synaptic or software center. Now everything should be working as expected.


Does Novell's Mono promote bloat in programs?

Mono is a free software implementation of an open EMCA standard.

Features include:

JIT (just in time compiling)
Garbage collection and memory management
Type safety

Together these features help to provide a more reliable, safer program with less likelihood for memory leaks.

This comes at the cost of a small and efficient shared runtime.

Having said that software bloat is much more about how you use a language then what the language actually is.

I'm not sure how ethics is relevant.


How to install the drivers for a samsung ml-1670?

Unless this bug hasn't been fixed, you only need to:

From the Printers dialogue, select Add Printer.
Select "Samsung ML-1670" from the devices list (connected via USB)
Select "Select printer from database" and "Samsung (recommended)"
Select "ML-1660 (recommended)" from the Models, and "Samsung ML-1660, 2.0.0 [en] (recommended)" from Drivers
Click through and Apply
Print a test page

If it doesn't work, install the printer-driver-splix package, settings must be monocrome instead of color and max. 600dpi.


Unability of opening documents in Microsoft Word 2010

Configure PlayOnLinux to use wine 1.7.33 instead of 1.7.22 for Office 2010. That should fix it.

See also: Wine forum: "DW20.exe error trying to run Office 2010"


python package manager - avoiding conflicts with apt-get

As the link pointed to by @siddesh-chavan shows, there are some problems with the interface of apt-get and the python package manager.  I would not recommend that linked solution.  Instead, I believe it's best to read this, and if you've already upgraded pip/pip3, then downgrade this way.  The upshot is, do not upgrade the system's pip or pip3.  Do installs and upgrades locally, using pip* install --user.

The answer below that second link also mentions virtual environments, as does @steve in his answer - see below.


How to Remove shortcut arrow from desktop icons?

It is kind of hackish, but you could rename all the emblem-symbolic-link.png and
emblem-symbolic-link.svg icons to something else like emblem-symbolic-link.png.bak and  emblem-symbolic-link.svg.bak respectively. Use locate emblem-symbolic-link to find where they are.

But is there any reason you need to use a symlink?
Otherwise you could use a Launcher. Right-click on your desktop and select
Create Launcher..., and click on the Browse... button and select your portable program.
Write a name for your Launcher and (optionally) select a different icon and your done.


I came across your post while having similar problems, here's what I did.

Firstly the apt package golang is no longer maintained, see Rakyll's comment here

Remove the old version of golang.

$ sudo apt-get purge golang*

You will see a message about dirs that couldn't be removed as they aren't empty, remove these manually.

$ sudo rm -rf $PathToDir

See this page for download and installation of the most up to date Go package. I also downloaded the source package and extracted to /usr/share although I'm not sure if this is necessary. Further down the page is a neat little test to check Go is working.

Once you have the latest version of Go, you'll need to set your GOPATH variable. Your GOPATH can be wherever you like, mine is $HOME/go. You'll need to manually create the dir.

$ mkdir go

$ export GOPATH=$HOME/go

This will only set the GOPATH for the current terminal session, I haven't worked out how to set this permanently but you should now be able to run

$ go get github.com/odeke-em/drive/cmd/drive

It asked for my GitHub credentials, I didn't have an account so I created one - It's free.

In order to be able to execute Go and Drive, I added their locations to my PATH variable in $HOME/.profile

$ nano .profile

And at the bottom add

PATH="$PATH:/$HOME/go/bin:/usr/local/go/bin"

Apologies for any sense of egg sucking teaching, I'm normally asking for ideas!

Tom

** For completeness I should add that I'm running Debian **


Problems with USB device and swap conf "Error mounting system-managed device /dev/sdb1:unknown filesystem type 'swap'"

The command swapoff disables swap areas (devices and files); use it with sudo (i.e. sudo swapoff).
See how /etc/fstab is configured before and after executing the command.
On a normal PC, without swap, it looks like this:
/swapfile                        none            swap    sw              0       0


Your question is still somewhat ambiguous and unclear to me (Blaming myself). I'm answering this considering each case:
Case 1: Mount iso which is within another iso file
If you are asking whether you can  mount an iso file which is within another iso file, I would say, Yes, You can mount an iso file which is itself in another iso file
For example, Let us assume we have an iso file named file1.iso in our home directory and there is another iso file inside it named inside.iso. One way to mount both iso file is ---

Create two folder in your home. Each for each iso file.
 mkdir ~/iso1 ~/isoInside

Mount the first iso file in the ~/iso1 directory
 sudo mount ~/file1.iso ~/iso1 -o loop

Then mount the second iso file inside this iso to "~/isoInside" directory
 sudo mount ~/iso1/inside.iso ~/isoInside -o loop

Now you have the first iso file mounted in "~/iso1" folder and the second one in "~/isoInside" folder
Case 2: Mount two iso file in a single directory.
If you are asking whether you can mount an iso file to a folder and then mount another iso file in the same previous folder, I would, Yes, you can do that also. But You cannot access the content of first mounted iso file.
That is, if you mount an iso file iso1.iso in a folder, say /mnt and then mount another iso file iso2.iso in the same folder /mnt, you will only see and access the content of iso2.iso file in /mnt. You cannot access the contents of iso1.iso file in /mnt folder until you unmount the second iso file, i.e iso2.iso file.
Take note that, in such cases, you cannot either unmount the first iso file. You must unmount the second one and then first one.
I think, you are having a problem with installation from an iso file (probably from alternate installer iso), if this is indeed the case, I suggest you to ask a question about your problem.
Hope this answer will help.


How do I install 'proper' anti-virus protection for Online Banking satisfying its Terms of Use?

Thanks to this:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=622967

I have succeeded installing AVG free.

But now there is no gui.,,,,

Also I have to start it manually and I am not sure if it is scanning on demand, although it says so.

Actually I am getting a bit fed up with this. I have changed my OS for security reasons and now it appears to be virtually impossible to install a realtime virusscanner.

People will most likely say: 'There is no need vor a virusscanner in Linux' but Dutch banks do not think so I quess.


when I wanted to enable virtualization, I reset my computer and do it. It does not work. Today I notice that "sudo kvm-ok" said, "poweroff/poweron your system". I try this instead of restarting and it works!!!!

I didn't think maybe restart being different from poweroff/poweron!!!!