Change Keyboard Layout with both left and right Alt + Shift combos

Ok, yet another try, this one will do the trick I hope... ;)

Credits are due to reverendj1, who described a way of assigning a Custom key to toggle keyboard layout, using setxkbmap, which featured in the workaround alluded to in Edit 2 of my previous answer...

  Here is the slightly more involved way, but will give you more
  flexibility for the key combination. First, copy and paste this script
  I wrote and name it something like kb_toggle.sh. Make sure to edit
  LANG1 and LANG2 to be the keyboard layout codes you need.

#!/bin/bash

LANG1="us"
LANG2="de"
CURRENT_LANG=$(setxkbmap -query | tail -n 1 | cut -f6 -d ' ')
if [ "$CURRENT_LANG" = $LANG1 ]; then
    setxkbmap $LANG2
else
    setxkbmap $LANG1
fi

  make the file by right-clicking on it -> "Properties" -> "Permissions"
  tab, then select "Allow executing file as program.

  Now, open "System Settings" -> "Keyboard" -> "Shortcuts" tab and
  select "Custom Shortcuts". Click the + button on the bottom and name
  the shortcut "Keyboard Toggle" or whatever you want, really. Then give
  the full path to the script you made earlier in the command box. Hit
  Apply. Click where it says "Disabled" then you can set the shortcut to
  whatever you want by clicking your key combination!

I think you'd need to change "de" to "ir".

Again, good luck!

Edit

You may even get away with a one-liner, if you prefer:

setxkbmap us,ir -option "grp:alt_shift_toggle"

  Now you can switch by pressing alt+shift

See also http://wiki.lxde.org/en/Change_keyboard_layouts and http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/man/man1/setxkbmap.1.xhtml

Edit 2

Depending on how you decide to achieve your goal, you may want to include lv3:ralt_alt in your command, resulting in

setxkbmap us,ir -option "lv3:ralt_alt,grp:alt_shift_toggle"

See man xkeyboard-config | grep lv3 for  details:

  lv3:ralt_alt

  Right Alt key never chooses 3rd level

   xkeyboard-config  provides  the  description files for the X Keyboard Extension (XKB). The configuration options below are
   usually applied with setxkbmap(1).


Problem with nm-applet in Xubuntu 13.10: nm-applet: Failed to register as an agent: (32) Session not found

You can install wicd instead:

apt-get update
apt-get install wicd wicd-gtk
apt-get remove network-manager


Test this:

Open a terminal.

Run it:

sudo -i
nano /etc/network/interfaces

Add the following lines for you wifi lan adaptor.

----------------------------------------------
# The wifi network interface
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
    address 192.168.0.87
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    network 192.168.0.0
    broadcast 192.168.0.255
    gateway 192.168.0.1
    dns-nameservers 192.168.0.1, 8.8.8.8
    wpa-ssid <Your wifi network SSID>
    wpa-psk <Your hex encoded wifi WPA password>
-----------------------------------------------

Control + O, save file. Control + X, close nano.


Require all ISO images for Ubuntu LTS 14.04

I don't think you can get that on disc for Ubuntu (Ubuntu has more software in the repositories then Debian, and the full Debian is 10 DVDs for i386 and another 10 for x86_64). You can set-up a mirror. Remember the guidelines on that link, and especially that the expected size is approximately 642 gigabytes.


How can I pause/resume an apt-get update process in a terminal?

Looking at the recommendations for using Ctrl+C, I think it'd be better to try Ctrl+Z to suspend the process in the background when/if the network drops.  You might be able to use fg to resume once your connectivity returns.  (I don't know how robust apt-get is in this scenario, though.)

Another possibility would be using axel and the apt-fast script.   It is advertised as speeding up downloads by doing parallel downloads, but it also seems to be good about keeping track of what's already been downloaded, presumably because it has to track the file pieces as it downloads in parallel chunks.

Here's the original thread from Ubuntuforum.


Is it possible to symlink file to system folders?

Every file has 1 hard link. If it doesn't have one, the space it occupies can be overridden. If you make another hard link, the count goes up to 2 without using double the space on the HDD because both hard links point to the same piece of storage space.

That said, there is no original. If you make additional hard links of a file, every one of them is as good as any other one. So make hard links of the files and copy one of each to your destination.


I can no longer completely turn off the screen by decreasing the screen brightness to zero in 16.04

you can try the command line

  sleep 0.2s && xset dpms force off

and press enter to have it display again.

you can write it into a script and put just have it launch from a desktop icon then you can click the icon and your screen will turn off then move your mouse/trackpad or press enter and your screen will display again.


Failed to load module "canberra-gtk-module"

I fixed this by installing the module:

sudo apt-get install libcanberra-gtk-module

Or if it's already installed and you still get the error:

sudo apt-get install libcanberra-gtk-module:i386


Cannot bootstrap due to clout-init "errors running cloud_config [final]: [scripts-user]"

This looks like an issue with finding appropriate tools.  The juju client you said you were using was 1.13.1, but the tools it is finding is for 1.10.  These will almost certainly not work.

There is a sync-tools command that will get the latest tools from the public location to put into the local tools bucket.


This is not happening in the reboot. After you finish your setup (running ecryptfs-setup-swap), go back to gparted and reload the table & open a terminal and run: sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda. You gonna find that partition still having Id 83 Linux Swap and became in Unknown format.

Why is that?! It became an encrypted partition already.

In /etc/fstab:

Old swap partition was commented.
New mapped one inserted:

/dev/mapper/cryptswap1 none swap sw 0 0

This is fine.

In /etc/crypttab:

A new line added to map the swap:

cryptswap1 UUID=xxxx /dev/urandom swap,cipher=aes-cbc-essiv:sha256

But there is something wrong here, Does an encrypted partition have a UUID (non-encrypted)?!!!

So set the dev path directly as this example:

cryptswap1 /dev/sdXX /dev/urandom swap,cipher=aes-cbc-essiv:sha256

Reboot then the Swap will be on.

BTW, This should be reported as a bug. ecryptfs-setup-swap should use device path instead of uuid.

Update: I could find same answered question which include the bug report too.

Swap not working on clean 14.04 install using encrypted home
Bug report#953875 Encrypted swap no longer mounted at bootup

It contains the canonical answer by adding an offset= in the crypttab options.


What happens with /media if you run "rm -rf /"?

If you run that, Everything you can delete under /media is gone and all links to them will be broken.

If someone else has something mounted there. That's safe from your removal.

If you run it using sudo. Then everything is gone.


Can users passwords be cracked from etc/shadow file?

While DES should never be used, MD5 is also weak. Check your /etc/login.defs file for the ENCRYPT_METHOD setting. SHA512 is the strongest possible option as far as I know. If your hashes in /etc/shadow start with "$6$", that's SHA512 which I think is not known to be broken (unlike DES and MD5). Of course, strong password hashes do not mean that simple passwords cannot still be easily cracked - they can.


Not able to connect to Juniper VPN on Lubuntu 13.04

If You got Juniper SA older than 7.3, then You need to install both 32 and 64 bit.
You need to launch java 32 bit to run network connect.

You need to install libxtst6:i386 package to run 32bit version of java on 64 bit system:

sudo apt-get install libxtst6:i386 libxrender1:i386 libxi6:i386 libncurses5:i386 libncursesw5:i386 libncurses-ruby:i386

(if it fails, then install whole ia32-libs package).

install 64 bit version in /usr/lib/java/jre/

install 32 bit version in /usr/lib/java32/jre/

then do following:

sudo mv /usr/lib/java/jre/bin/java{,.orig}

sudo gedit /usr/lib/java/jre/bin/java

file should look like this:

#!/bin/bash
if [ "$3" = "NC" ]
then
  /usr/lib/java32/jre/bin/java "$@"
else
  /usr/lib/java/jre/bin/java.orig "$@"
fi

Then You need to make it executive:

sudo chmod +x /usr/lib/java/jre/bin/java

Then use update-alternatives to install appropriate version of java:

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libnpjp2.so java_plugin /usr/lib/java/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so 10
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/java/jre/bin/java 10
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javaws javaws /usr/lib/java/jre/bin/javaws 10

If You have encrypted home folder, since 13.04 there is nosuid added to mount options, so You can move .juniper folder outside of encrypted home, ie: /opt an the create a symlink:

cd ~
mv .juniper /opt
ln -s /opt/.juniper .

Determine if You have installed java plugin in Firefox (in add-ons -> plugins).
If So, You should be ready to go.

I took recipe from that page: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=232607&page=51

But if You want to run openjdk, then follow those steps:

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre icedtea-7-plugin openjdk-7-jre:i386 ia32-libs
sudo mv /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java{,.orig}
sudo gedit /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java

It shoul look like this:

#!/bin/bash
if [ "$3" = "NC" ]
then
  /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/java "$@"
else
  /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java.orig "$@"
fi

Make it executive:

chmod +x /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java

So far it worked for me.

Regards,

Mario.


Command 'ls' showing directory size instead of block-size

I'm not aware of any parameters for the ls command which can achieve this, but it is possible to find the sizes of the directories and files in the present working directory with the du command.

Try using:

du -sh ./*

It should be possible to create a function or a script which gives you information as to whether it's a file or directory for which information is being displayed.

As muru pointed out, the -d or --max-depth option, with a parameter of 1, would be useful for listing just directories. It also works around the fact that hidden directories are not listed by normal shell globbing (the ./* part).


Please notice your swap partition is too big an probably will never be used to the limit. Refer to this post to understand why.


Configure Micromax MMX 352G USB 3G Modem and Aircel in Ubuntu Server 12.04 to connect to internet

While I cannot help you much with the details, you need to take a look at wvdial to use your USB 3G modem from commandline. I think it should appear on /dev/modem.

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DialupModemHowto/SetUpDialer#Alternative_Way_1_.28using_wvdialconf_.26_wvdial.29

In order to test that the modem is working fine, you can plug it and try to connect to it with :

screen /dev/modem

and test various AT commands. For example, typing ATI + enter should give you the model of your modem ( if I am not wrong )


Server 16.04: Run 2+ parallel commands or multiple terminals

As already mentioned in comments, '&' sends the process in background. An illustrative example of & and ; is

(sleep 2; echo "2") & (sleep 3; echo "3") & (sleep 2; echo "hi") &

if you don't like the endlines:

(sleep 2; printf "2") & (sleep 3; printf "3") & (sleep 2; printf "hi") &

The three compound commands run in parallel in the background. You can just replace them with your scripts, or make use of the & operator as you see fit.


The command screen - S test is incorrect. If you want to re-attach to your detached screen session called "test", you should use the command
screen -R test


nm-applett and sound-indicator in systray gone and sound not working after update 13.10

sound
add yourself to the group audio with
adduser yourself audio

then you can play sounds again as yourself.
sound-indicator

see: No sound settings available in the settings manager window

This is noted on the release notes for Xubuntu 13.10 and is a known issue.
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SaucySalamander/ReleaseNotes/Xubuntu
It is this bug https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/indicator-sound/+bug/1208204
You can use the workround:
Edit the service file
gksu mousepad /usr/share/dbus-1/services/indicator-sound.service

It will look like
[D-BUS Service] Name=com.canonical.indicator.sound
Exec=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/indicator-sound/indicator-sound-service

Comment out the last line and enter a new one, should look like
[D-BUS Service] Name=com.canonical.indicator.sound
#Exec=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/indicator-sound/indicator-sound-service
Exec=/usr/lib/indicator-sound-gtk2/indicator-sound-service

Save that and log out an in again
network-manager
no solution yet


Problem with update-alternatives: Trop de niveaux de liens symboliques

I've solved the problem.
I've deleted it the symbolic links and i've installed new openjdk version. That i've change it with update-alternatives. That has creates the propert links.
Thanks


How to open or mount unopenable or unmountable ISO

Sounds as if the iso are corrupt. Otherwise you can loop mount them.

sudo -i
mount -o loop your.iso /mnt

The files are then available under /mnt. Post any error messages you get.

If you want a graphical interface use gisomount

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MountIso for additional information.


Internal hdd auto-mounted for another user

You need to add the hard drive to /etc/fstab

edit /etc/fstab as root and add a line for the hard drive. Something like:

  /dev/sdb1 /media/second               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1

should work. If the filesystem is ext4 (or any file system that supports it) then normal Linux permissions will be in effect.

If you never bothered to format the drive for Linux and are using a FAT or NTFS file system you will be much better off formatting it using mkfs and fdisk

This site has pretty specific instructions including adding the new partition to fstab.

Keep in mind the /etc/fstab line above is only a sample. You will need to setit up correctly with the right device, mount point, and file system (not to mention options).


Change mirror for ttf-mscorefonts-installer

You can download the fonts from the mirror of your choosing, then run update-ms-fonts to use them. You won't want to download each one by hand, so you can use the procedure in Videonauth's answer to How to install the package ttf-mscorefonts-installer. Since that procedure, as written, would download the fonts with the downloads.sourceforge.net URLs you can't use, you'll have to change it to use the cfhcable.dl.sourceforge.net URLs. Here's a modified procedure:

Install ttf-mscorefonts-installer in the usual way. That is, run these commands and accept the license:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install ttf-mscorefonts-installer

You may see this stall, typically for less than half a minute:

0% [Connecting to downloads.sourceforge.net (216.105.38.13)]

And then an error that looks like this:

Err:1 http://downloads.sourceforge.net/corefonts/andale32.exe
  Could not connect to downloads.sourceforge.net:80 (216.105.38.13), connection timed out
E: Failed to fetch http://downloads.sourceforge.net/corefonts/andale32.exe  Could not connect to downloads.sourceforge.net:80 (216.105.38.13), connection timed out
E: Download Failed

That's okay. At least currently, the installer doesn't continue to attempt to connect for subsequent files.
Make a temporary directory and cd to it. I prefer to just create a tmp subdirectory of my home directory and delete it when I'm done. If you script this, you're better off making the directory in the way Videonauth suggests.

mkdir ~/tmp
cd ~/tmp

If that directory already exists, I suggest not using it, deleting its contents, or at least making sure it doesn't have any files in it whose names end in .exe before continuing.
Download the fonts, substituting the URLs you want to use. This is the part that differs importantly from the procedure in Videonauth's answer.

awk '/Url/ {sub("downloads[.]sourceforge[.]net/corefonts","cfhcable.dl.sourceforge.net/project/corefonts/the%20fonts/final",$2); system("wget "$2)}' /usr/share/package-data-downloads/ttf-mscorefonts-installer

Run update-ms-fonts. This only accepts absolute paths (so you can't write *.exe instead of ~/tmp/*.exe). If your temporary directory isn't the tmp subdirectory of your home directory, adjust the command accordingly.

sudo /usr/lib/msttcorefonts/update-ms-fonts ~/tmp/*.exe

Update the timestamp on the file APT uses to determine what installation steps still need to be completed:

sudo touch /var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/ttf-mscorefonts-installer

You should be able to use the fonts now, and you shouldn't get any Software Updater dialog boxes about how files need to be downloaded.
Delete the temporary directory:

cd
rm -r tmp

  Credit goes to Videonauth for writing that answer, from which this answer is derived.


Audio CDs do not have file systems for tracks. It is raw data burned to the disc.

What you have isn't an ISO but raw data of the disc. You cannot mount it.


Hard-Drive name changes depending on file search method

Nautilus has a default fallback action if the partition on the disk does not have a label: it says "{FILESIZE} Volume" for it to be somewhat more useful for the end-user.  However, this doesn't change the back-end mounting behavior it uses which is based on the UUID of the partition.  (This is only the case if you do not have a label on the disk partition for it to display. And not all filesystem types support disk labels, depending on the age of the filesystem type)

Behind-the-scenes, however, this is actually a case where the system at its base is using the unique identifier of the disk as the mount-point folder name.

Consider this example - this is my existing hard drive and disk ID data from blkid on the command line:

$ blkid
/dev/sda1: LABEL="System Reserved" UUID="C63884F13884E233" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="1f35ad56-01"
/dev/sda2: UUID="805C879B5C878A9C" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="1f35ad56-02"
/dev/sda3: LABEL="DATASTORE" UUID="1E3AD5A957140669" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="1f35ad56-03"
/dev/sda5: UUID="84445130-00d6-4cba-9d1c-34b9e04c499a" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="1f35ad56-05"
/dev/sda6: UUID="08610b3f-1bc6-4f2b-be71-f0317415f96f" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="1f35ad56-06"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="0B43-D39A" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="137296b7-01"

There is a total of 5 partitions. /dev/sdb1 here is a USB stick jacked into my computer.

Notice the UUID field.  This is the unique identifier of the device / drive itself.  For hard disk partitions this is a long-form UUID string.  Let's say that I am mounting /dev/sda2, which is my Windows dual-boot partition.  The Windows disk partition does not have a "LABEL" field.  So the system doesn't know what to use for the label in the mountpoint or in Nautilus.  As a result, it creates a mount point for my user at /home/teward/805C879B5C878A9C which is based on the unique identifier, and displays the filesize in the 'label' on Nautilus ("822GB Volume" specifically is the label Nautilus sets, which is the approximate size of that partition).  The UUID is usually always unique and therefore is a 'safe' way to create the mount point that won't conflict with any other similarly-named drives/volumes with similar labels being mounted simultaneously.  (This is the default behavior if no drive labels are at play, and if there are duplicate drive labels it appends 1, 2, etc. to whatever the mountpoint is).

TL;DR: If you set a label on the partition/drive, it will properly use that label name (unless a conflict exists) in the path for the mount point as well as in Nautilus.  If you don't, it uses the partition/drive uuid for the mount point and the volume size of that partition/drive in the Nautilus label.

To set a label on a given drive, you might want to install gparted, navigate to the drive that has the unlabeled partition, right click the partition, choose "Label File System", and then set the filesystem label.  Note this is usually a short string, and for older filesystem formats you can't use more than 8 or 10 characters.


Was developing WUBI a difficult endeavour? Why or Why Not?

Wubi uses a virtual disk (c:\ubuntu\disks\root.disk), so it's not actually installed on NTFS in the original sense.

The Wikipedia article on Wubi explains pretty well how it works. To answer your question, let me quote a few lines from the History section:

  A number of Linux distributions, including Red Hat Linux and
  Slackware's ZipSlack, provided a similar tool in the mid 1990s, using
  syslinux and the UMSDOS filesystem driver. Later, SuSE provided
  something similar using syslinux and loop-mounted disk images on FAT
  filesystems. During the late '90s BeOS used a similar system to
  install the OS in a folder in Windows.

So, Wubi was not an original idea, it was just an implementation of an installer that uses a loopmounted device.


Error Minecraft: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM

Look, what i've done was: I've moved the JDK's folder away from java's folder and paste somewhere in my computer. I guess you instaled JDK to create apps right? Try to do it, move the JDK's folder, later if you need that folder again, simply add the new path to whatever aplication you want. Just move the folder certainly will work and your game will back to normal.


How do I resume video play from the point it was stopped with VLC?

Note: In recent versions of Totem below feature sadly was removed.

Totem
The default Ubuntu movie player Totem has an option to resume playback too. This is accessible from the "Edit -> Preferences -> General" menu. Just tick "Start playing files from last posititon":


Using the window manager, as recommended by @xangua, is always a good option. But if you are looking for a way to specifically keep your PDF documents grouped together and easily switch between them you could try out one of the tabbed PDF apps recommended in this Q&A.

My personal favorite would be qpdfview, a highly customizable and lighting-fast PDF viewer with very active development. Here's a quick screenshot of a multi-tab session:

qpdfview also offers an overview of all open tabs via the Tabs menu.


How to change language automatically when prompted for a password?

After a dialogue with Gunnar Hjalmarsson in the comment field I think the following shellscript should work in order to run programs with elevated permissions. It will use US English keyboard when you type the password, and reset the keyboard to your own keyboard directly after that.

You can use the name mysudo or if you wish a shorter (but unique) program name.

#!/bin/bash

curkeyb=$(setxkbmap -query|grep 'layout:'|sed 's/.* //')
setxkbmap us
sudo echo "sudo $@"
setxkbmap "$curkeyb"
sudo "$@"

Make it executable and copy it to a directory in PATH, for example

chmod +x mysudo
mv mysudo /usr/local/sbin

and then you can use it instead of sudo

Examples:

mysudo nano hello.txt
mysudo -H gedit hello.txt  # remember -H with GUI programs
mysudo parted -ls

Explanation:

The shebang tells that bash should be used to run the shellscript.
The original keyboard setting is saved.
The keyboard is changed to US English.
sudo is started, and if not run recently, it will ask for password.
The keyboard is reset to the original setting.
The previous sudo command gave the shell elevated permissions for some minutes. This means that the real command can be run with the original keyboard and elevated permissions without asking for password (again).

If you install and run onboard you will see how the keyboard changes so that the top row of keys will map the numbers 1 2 ... 9 0 when the system is waiting for the password, and then changes back to your lanaguage.


How to add an Internet RADIO STATION to RhythmBox running with a .php extension?

Actually, I know this is an old issue, but I fugured out how to "guess" any stream possible...

On your radio station´s webpage, using chrome, right click the player, select inspect.
somewhere there shall be a flag named http://xxxxxxxxxxx.xx:1183274>

For example, I wanted to listen to Radio Horizonte (A Chilean station, very nice btw)
But Adding it to Rhytmbox was a pain in the ass, until I thought of that.

this is their streaming link
http://nowplaying.mediastre.am/station/5124f1b4ed596bde7d000017

and this is what you´re looking for..


enter via recovery mode and make sure your computer is up to date, do the following commands to upgrade the software. This could resolve the issue because this sounds like a bug to me.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

dist-upgrade install new kernels it doesn't upgrade the system to a new release of Ubuntu.

If this doesn't work, then I would upgrade to 14.04, because I think this is a bug and newer software most likely wont have this issue.

I would start by downloading Ubuntu 14.04 and put it on a USB(live-usb) and boot from it. You can upgrade your current installation from there and you don't have to make a fresh install. This involves less risk than by upgrading via do-release-upgrade form the terminal because you already have all the necessary files on your USB.

But I would also make a backup of all your files first, or those you can't lose.

Here are some alternatives on how to backup your files, there are others but these are the ones I would try.

live-usb
Boot the USB -> try Ubuntu -> mount the partition -> backup the files.
graphical via the network
via the network when the computer is running, network -> your computer -> log in with user/password if
you have installed and configured this (your home folder needs to be
shared with the network for this to work).
SSH
copy the files via ssh to another device/computer

Good luck!


Remove this file: /etc/tomcat7/tomcat-users.xml, restart the system and run the commands below

 sudo apt-get update

then

 sudo apt-get install tomcat7
 sudo service tomcat7 restart


Software Updater gui app suggestions get stale when updates get done on command line

No there isn't. When Software Updater starts, it computes the upgrade, displays the list and waits for your input.

One could always exit and restart Software Updater.


Can you variablize the release name in a private apt repo?

What you could do is to change it to something like stable, instead of trusty so it won't be replaced druing upgrade. However, every custom repository is disabled during dist-upgrade. Consider using ansible or any other automation tool to make such changes in case of upgrades like this.


Kernel 5.5 released - when it will be included into distribution updates?

UPDATE Ubuntu 20.04 will ship with 5. 4
https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2020/02/ubuntu-20-04-kernel-5-4-lts

The plan is to release Ubuntu 20.04 with the 5.5 kernel. The 5.4 kernel has already been confirmed but the release of the 5.5 kernel is inside the possible window for the 20.04 release. Kernel 5.6 is likely to arrive too late.
Some sources:  Phoronix

While WireGuard was merged into Linux 5.6, the Ubuntu 20.04 LTS release is currently tracking Linux 5.4 and for the April release is likely to be shipping with Linux 5.5 as the 5.6 release will be cutting it too close. But Ubuntu 20.04's kernel has now back-ported WireGuard.

OMG Ubuntu:

Kernel Freeze: April 9, 2020
Other planned changes to Ubuntu 20.04 LTS include:

GNOME 3.36
Linux Kernel 5.5 (or newer)
Improved ZFS install support

===
As I like to live dangerously. 20.04 currently installs:
$ uname -a
Linux schijfwereld 5.4.0-12-generic #15-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jan 21 15:12:29
UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux


i found a solution that worked for me . Just created a folder name .gimp-2.8 in my home directory

mkdir .gimp-2.8

do not use sudo and it solved my problem :)


Based on the specs as reviewed here (which may not match your particular system) you should have no problem running Ubuntu. For maximum performance you may want to consider the lighter versions Lubuntu or Xubuntu. Here's a by no means exhaustive rundown of system requirements ranging from heaviest to lightest so that you can choose the best flavor for you!

Ubuntu

Xubuntu

Lubuntu


The trick is to put type=directory in the image definition under /etc/schroot/schroot.conf. See man schroot.conf for more information.


The default for apt-get update is requiring sudo.
If your system did not require it at a given point (and that is typically not a good idea), that is because someone did something.
If you want to recover that behaviour, thinking that it should be the default and somehow it changed, I suggest you reconsider the idea, and stick with sudo apt-get update.
If you are aware of the risks involved, and you still want apt-get update without sudo, you can open a terminal and type sudo visudo. At the end of the file (really the last line in it) type %yourusername% ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/apt-get install where %yourusername% is replaced by your username (source). That still requires sudo but it does not prompt for a password.


Wireless disconnects when power management enabled on RT3090 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe

The way you are doing it is the way all the wireless experts have people do it. I have had many people do it and it has not caused any issues except it might use a little more battery power. I myself use this method.


Systemd networking.service returns "(code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)" on ExecStartPre code

For details on the (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE) status of the ExecStartPre= of networking.service, see https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/435190/281844.

For the record, this was filed with Debian on https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=894759 and I sent them a patch to fix it, so it might end up making its way all the way to Ubuntu and eventually get fixed :-)

Regarding your tests trying to emulate the command, you need single quotes there (even though the systemd output doesn't show them there.)

This would be correct:

sh -c '[ "$CONFIGURE_INTERFACES" != "no" ] && [ -n "$(ifquery --read-environment --list --exclude=lo)" ]'

You can also see the contents of file /lib/systemd/system/networking.service on your system, or also output of command systemctl cat networking.service for the exact ExecStartPre= command in use by that unit.


Do you menan /proc/net/arp ?

cat /proc/net/arp


Try xcursorgen, it let's you create both static and animated cursors for Linux. A good guide which utilizes xcursorgen is located here!


Different download speeds in Ifstat and Chrome

One of the things that can cause a discrepancy is the server where the file is hosted. So if the host server is slow then it will take longer to download.


If you want to open any file from terminal, you should issue command like

gnome-open ~/Downloads/photo.rar

Here, photos.rar is file I want to open in the directory ~/Downloads/.

BTW, ~is used for user's home directory. ~/Downloads/photo.rar will be interpreted like /home/USER_NAME/Downloads/photo.rar.

if you are trying to install .deb file, you should issue

sudo dpkg -i /home/ravi/avast4workstation_1.3.0-2_i386.deb

also, this can be done like this,

cd /home/ravi/
sudo dpkg -i avast4workstation_1.3.0-2_i386.deb

remember you can use cd ~ instead cd /home/ravi/.

if you want to execute a file which is in current directory, then you should use

./FILE_NAME.sh

Here FILE_NAME.sh can be any executable file.

Note: if path contains special characters like, spaces you should put it between single quote like '/home/ravi/avast4workstation 1.3.0-2 i386.deb' or you should escape special characters like /home/ravi/avast4workstation\ 1.3.0-2\ i386.deb

Hope I haven't confused you.


How to start VMware Virtual Network Editor from command line

Found the answer. In the default Workstation install, the network editor was located at:

/usr/lib/vmware/bin/vmware-netcfg

I had to run the above as root, and the editor opened in an X window.


-lSDL means your compiler wants to include the library for SDL you can install that by:

sudo apt-get install libsdl*


How to install Kodak 3250 printer driver?

After a little search, I found out that the libcupsdriver1 package was not available on Raring (Ubuntu 13.04) :

http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=libcupsdriver1

I'm afraid waiting is the solution.
Raring Ringtail is not a LTS version of Ubuntu, and because it is still pretty recent, all packages from the last LTS (12.04, Precise Pangolin) haven't been transfered yet. Maybe Kodak provides a new Ubuntu/Linux driver...

EDIT : I found this project on Sourceforge, have a look : http://sourceforge.net/projects/cupsdriverkodak/


nvm installation error - yo: command not found

git clone git://github.com/creationix/nvm.git ~/.nvm
nvm install 4.2.6
npm install -g yo generator-hubot
mkdir myhubot && cd myhubot
yo hubot

Partial source: hubot of github


why is my output not correct while dividing by a variable in awk?

Inside of awk, $(nproc) means the value of the nprocth field, where nproc is an awk variable. Since your awk code doesn't define such a variable, it evaluates to $0

$ echo '1 2 3' | awk '{print $(nproc)}'
1 2 3

If you want to pass the value of a shell command substitution $(nproc) into your awk code, you can do so using the -v command line syntax

Ex.

$ echo '1 2 3' | awk -v nproc=$(nproc) '{print nproc}'
2


Recognizing regular camera instead of infrared

Change the camera to /dev/video0 in Skype.


Does Ubuntu 16.04 support intel 64 bit processers

amd64 is the one you want. It works for both Intel and AMD x86-64 processors.

The reason it's named amd64 is because Intel created a 64-bit processor line called Itanium that wasn't based on x86, and it didn't do very well. AMD decided instead to base their 64-bit chips on x86, so the name amd64 was initially used in certain areas like Linux processor type names, and it stuck.


Testing CUDA in Ubuntu 16.04: /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lnvcuvid

The answer is provided in the post #17 here. I'm copy pasting for your convenience:

A lazy fix would be to run (for cuda 8.0):

find . -type f -execdir sed -i 's/UBUNTU_PKG_NAME = "nvidia-367"/UBUNTU_PKG_NAME = "nvidia-375"/g' '{}' \;

in ~/NVIDIA_CUDA-8.0_Samples/.


I have Ubuntu 14.10 installed on my laptop. How can I install Windows 8.1 alongside?

Installing Windows after Ubuntu is not the recommended process for a dual boot Windows and Ubuntu system, but it is possible.

For more information see
How can I install Windows after I've installed Ubuntu?

But I would recommend you to install windows first and after that Ubuntu. I
t worked perfect for me.

If you decide so, try this step-by-step:
http://www.everydaylinuxuser.com/2014/05/install-ubuntu-1404-alongside-windows.html
(It is for 14.04, but it doesn't matter)


nvidia-prime doesn't turn off Nvidia card while using intel graphics

To disable any hardware (nVidia or otherwise):

Remove the hardware from the machine if you'll never need it again. (this includes removing nVidia, WiFi, ... hardware from laptops)
If you only need the hardware infrequently: disable it in the BIOS (that's how I run with my nVidia card: enable it when needed)
If your set-up, doesn't allow you to disable/remove your hardware blacklisting the kernel module until your need it is your best choice.


Not sure what kind of Ubuntu and version you are using. Check your Ubuntu version using the command :

lsb_release -a

Ubuntu has proxy switcher, where you can choose -- apply systemwide -- like button. Then apt should work behind proxy with no problem.

Xubuntu and other non-gnome clones don’t have any proxy switcher, so there is necessary to update /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/proxies95 file.

If you have a username and password with the proxy then, open apt.conf:

sudo -H gedit /etc/apt/apt.conf

You'll see

Acquire::http::proxy "http://proxyIP:port/";
Acquire::https::proxy "https://proxyIP:port/";

change it to

Acquire::http::proxy "http://username:password@proxyIP:port/";
Acquire::https::proxy "https://username:password@proxyIP:port/";


qt.qpa.plugin: Could not load the Qt platform plugin "xcb" in "" even though it was found. in ubuntu 20.04

First do this:
$  export DISPLAY=:1.0

The newest version of opencv-python that I had installed was causing the problem with pyqt5. So I uninstalled it and installed the following version:
$ pip install opencv-python==4.3.0.36

Adding the following info in case it might help future readers.
Here's my pyqt version:
$ pip list|grep Qt
PyQt5                  5.15.2
PyQt5-sip              12.8.1

$ python
Python 3.8.5 (default, Jul 28 2020, 12:59:40)
[GCC 9.3.0] on linux

$ pip --version
pip 21.0 from /home/mona/venv/vision/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8)

$ lsb_release -a
LSB Version:    core-11.1.0ubuntu2-noarch:security-11.1.0ubuntu2-noarch
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS
Release:    20.04
Codename:   focal

Credits: https://stackoverflow.com/a/63350799/2414957


How to Create ISO Image of installed Ubuntu 16.10

Maybe you can try SystemBack, here are a few links.

https://launchpad.net/systemback

http://www.techrepublic.com/article/create-a-live-system-iso-for-your-ubuntu-based-linux-machines-using-systemback/

I havn't used it myself but it claims to do exactly what your looking for.


not accessible local host 127.0.0.1 of squid proxy server in ubuntu

If my memory isn't failing, browsers have an exception by defalut and don't use proxy for connections to localhost. Try to remove that in the browser configuration.

And then, check squid.conf if you have a line like "http_access deny to_localhost".


Dual boot with ubuntu and windows (ubuntu 12.04LTS)

To setup a dual boot Grub2 needs to "see" Windows while installing. This of course was not possible after you unplugged the drive.

Plug the drive in and run

sudo update-grub

in a terminal should fix this.


So thanks to the kind people at #emacs, I've found out. It's color-theme-tango.

Check out the code here:

http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/color-theme-tango.el


It sounds like GRUB only knows of the kernels you've deleted and not the ones that still exist.

I suggest running a boot-repair. On a VM (of which I've never tried boot-repair before), you should try starting the VM, booting to a live USB or DVD (iso file works), installing boot-repair, and running it. Hopefully that will fix your options upon normal boot so that they contain boots with kernels you have.


Spinning wheel during startup, stuck there on 20.04 2/3 or 3/4 boots

I suspect the LiveUSB used to install Ubuntu 20.04 may have been installed with a corrupted download.

Please redownload Ubuntu's ISO file at https://ubuntu.com/download

or for a supported 'flavour' with a different Desktop Environment, download from https://ubuntu.com/download/flavours .

Next, check for download errors by https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-how-to-verify-ubuntu .

Make a new LiveUSB following these instructions on another Linux PC  or on a Windows PC .

Once you make a LiveUSB, install it following these steps https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-install-ubuntu-desktop


Turn off compiz effects for one specific window?

It's not possible. Gamers have been dealing with this topic for some time.

Furthermore, moving windows by using Alt+click isn't a feature of only Compiz. Metacity, the default window manager in GNOME (and hence the fallback when Compiz is disabled), does just the same thing.

Looking back to your original reason for wanting to do this, one workaround would be to use the "Windows" key instead of Alt:

Change the setting at System -> Preferences -> Windows -> Movement Key

You can also choose to disable the feature entirely:

If you're using Compiz, open CompizConfig Setting Manager and disable the "Initiate Window Move" binding for the "Move Window plugin".
If you're using Metacity, run gconf-editor and set /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier to be blank.

It seems to me, though, that the most appropriate solution would be to change Inkscape's behavior:

The Inkscape FAQ describes the modifications you will have to make to one of Inkscape's configuration files.


How can I limit the size of my ~/.cache folder

If you were going to use any technique off that question, I'd go for the find technique in a cron job and alter it to check the size:

@daily    find /home/username/.cache/ -atime +7 -size 50M -delete

Obviously have a play around with that. You may wish to exclude certain paths from the query as .cache contains a lot of things that can be a real pain in the bum to regenerate (like thumbnails for some media players or photo viewers).

Of course the other option is shifting everything to tmpfs by adding something like the following to your /etc/fstab:

tmpfs        /home/username/.cache/    tmpfs   defaults,noatime,mode=1777   0  0

And that will store everything in RAM (after a sudo mount -a or a reboot). Obviously this means that as soon as you power off, you've lost everything in there. This is probably only suited to a desktop that rarely gets restarted and that has lots of RAM.

The two could be used in combination.

The other option is to move cache off to slower, cheaper media. If you've space for a big magnetic disk in your computer, that's often a quick and easy way (either with a symlink or a bind-mount) to spread things over multiple disks.

Either that or move something else that isn't speed dependant (like documents, music, etc) to the slow disk, giving you more room for cache on the SSD.


Update broken in Ubuntu 14.04, install fail

Suggest you do sudo apt update in a terminal and see what errors show up. Edit your question to include the output. Then do sudo apt upgrade if no errors resulted from the first command.


Fn+F5,F6 keys to adjust brightness doesn't work

I have a Asus X551MA, here is what worked for me.

Update Grub;

Open terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T
type in terminal;
gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub
Change;
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
to
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash pcie_aspm=force acpi_osi="
Save and Exit gedit
type in terminal;
sudo update-grub
Restart your computer; (Don't forget to bookmark this page)
sudo shutdown -r now
This should fix your issue, if not keep reading.

Create 20-intel.conf; Intel GFX card only!

Open terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T
type in terminal;
cd /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d
now;
sudo touch 20-intel.conf
then type;
gksudo gedit 20-intel.conf
Copy & Paste the following lines into the document;

Section "Device"
    Identifier "card0"
    Driver "intel"
    Option "Backlight" "intel_backlight"
    BusID "PCI:0:2:0"
EndSection

Save and Exit the document.
Restart your computer;
sudo shutdown -r now
This should work, if not keep reading.

Install 3.16 kernel for 14.04 LTS;

Update;
sudo apt-get update
Install;
sudo apt-get install linux-image-generic-lts-utopic

That's all I got, sorry if this is incompatible with your set-up as there may be additional steps required, and I prefer to refrain from giving blind advice. I do recommend upgrading the kernel however, as this may be the solution you need, if you are using Ubuntu 14.10 or later there is no need to upgrade the kernel.


Cant Resume Torrent Downloads After Restarting the PC

There you have it then: you must first mount that drive and only then open your torrent client. To be sure the drive is mounted you can simply navigate there with your file browser.

You might also want to set that drive to mount automatically at startup:

How to make hdd's mount at startup in ubuntu 12.04


It's possible the issue may be how you burned to disc.  Did you burn it as a disc image or did you just copy the .iso to the blank disc?

Instructions specific to your version of Windows can be found here:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/burn-a-dvd-on-windows


Ubuntu 15.04 OpenStack Kilo Swift and Horizon Install

Well, it's a very old question and possibly you have already installed and used Openstack Kilo but I'll still paste the resources for some users that may stumble upon this while wandering on Google:

Complete documentation for installation of all components on Ubuntu 14.04. No reason why it wouldn't work on Vivid. Did I tell 15.04 comes with a pre-installed version of Openstack Kilo? Yes you just install Ubuntu and access it using Horizon in a browser.
This dude isn't very talkative but if you aren't a linux noob, you could easily follow what he's doing, i.e. installing Openstack Kilo in a distributed environment on Ubuntu 15.04 server systems.


Error after Installing Octave in Ubuntu do my error have any solution

According to steeldriver this is what happens during the installation of Octave. I consider that a bug and it would help if you report it on Launchpad.

As a work-around you can reset the ownership on that directory:

sudo chown -R "$USER:" ~/.config/octave


Ubuntu 19.10 Bluetooth Not showing Devices

sudo /etc/init.d/bluetooth restart

worked well for me.


What Should I Consider When Running Ubuntu From a Portable Hard Drive

Some thoughts on running an SSD in an external enclosure:

Select an external hardware enclosure that allows TRIM to be run.  Assume TRIM cannot be run on a random USB box.  I found a box that does eSATA as well as USB3 works well, attaching via eSATA to run trim.
Be aware of launchpad bug 1396379.  You may install to the external drive, but a)The drive wont boot on another machine and b)your main machine wont boot without the attached external drive.  Do add yourself to the "Does this affect me" list on the bug.
Avoid installing any proprietary drivers if the open source ones included in your distribution work.  They should work on another machine too.
Maximum portability would be through a live-media, but adding persistence brings in the possibility of installing proprietary drivers. Instead of a casper-rw for (all incl system) storage, consider a home-rw partition/file for storage of your files.  That should maintain the maximum portability and still allow you to store your files.
Careful with encrypting things.  A 1.5GB Veracrypt file on an SSD became unreadable after about 9 months.  The SSD has had no other problems for years of later use.


Light Locker will not load when I click on it

There are a few reported bugs with lightlocker giving blank screens (e.g. after unlock after lid close).

My suggestion for a work around is to remove light locker and install Gnome screensaver or X screensaver instead.

To remove light locker run the following command:
    sudo apt-get purge light-locker light-locker-settings

To install Gnome screensaver:
    sudo apt-get install gnome-screensaver

OR

To install X screensaver:
    sudo apt-get install xscreensaver


Cinnamon running in software rendering mode while Unity and Gnome work fine

Cinnamon won't work with this gpu. I solved the problem installing Linux Mint 13 Maya MATE edition 32bit, which is based on Ubuntu 12.04 and is also LTS with support till 2017. Or maybe you can try MATE under Ubuntu 12.04?

I, then, updated the system and installed cedarview-graphics-driver and cedarview-drm and the system runs just great.

MATE is very similar to Cinnamon and is really customizable. Give it a try, or stay with Gnome or another DE if you don't like it. You can also backport MATE 1.6 to Linux Mint 13 as described here: http://blog.linuxmint.com/?p=2524


Changing files names of more than 100 files

Yes with the rename command using a normal regex:
rename -n 's/_ubuntu/_notubuntu/' *

-n makes it a dry-run. Remove it if this does what you want.


How to recover data from the lost+found folder?

Linux has a lost and found directory by default, that may not have what you are looking for.

"Linux should always go through a proper shutdown. Sometimes your system might crash or a power failure might take the machine down.

Either way, at the next boot, a lengthy filesystem check (the speed of this check is dependent on the type of filesystem that you actually use. ie. ext3 is faster than ext2 because it is a journalled filesystem) using fsck will be done.

Fsck will go through the system and try to recover any corrupt files that it finds. The result of this recovery operation will be placed in this directory. The files recovered are not likely to be complete or make much sense but there always is a chance that something worthwhile is recovered.

Each partition has its own lost+found directory. If you find files in there, try to move them back to their original location. If you find something like a broken symbolic link to 'file', you have to reinstall the file/s from the corresponding RPM, since your file system got damaged so badly that the files were mutilated beyond recognition. Below is an example of a /lost+found directory.

As you can see, the vast majority of files contained here are in actual fact sockets. As for the rest of the other files they were found to be damaged system files and personal files. These files were not able to be recovered.

  total 368
  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 110891 Oct 5 14:14 #388200
  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 215 Oct 5 14:14 #388201
  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 110303 Oct 6 23:09 #388813
  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 141 Oct 6 23:09 #388814
  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 110604 Oct 6 23:09 #388815a
  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 194 Oct 6 23:09 #388816
  srwxr-xr-x 1 root root 0 Oct 6 13:00 #51430
  srwxr-xr-x 1 root root 0 Oct 6 00:23 #51433
  -rw------- 1 root root 63 Oct 6 00:23 #51434
  srwxr-xr-x 1 root root 0 Oct 6 13:00 #51436
  srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 6 00:23 #51437
  srwx------ 1 root root 0 Oct 6 00:23 #51438
  -rw------- 1 root root 63 Oct 6 13:00 #51439
  srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 6 13:00 #51440
  srwx------ 1 root root 0 Oct 6 13:00 #51442
  -rw------- 1 root root 63 Oct 6 23:09 #51443
  srwx------ 1 root root 0 Oct 6 10:40 #51445
  srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 6 23:09 #51446
  srwx------ 1 root root 0 Oct 6 23:09 #51448

"

More info here


Can't install Jenkins public key on Ubuntu EC2 instance

The correct order should be as follows:

wget -q -O - https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian/jenkins.io.key | sudo apt-key add -

echo 'deb https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian binary/' >> /etc/apt/sources.list

After that install Java. Then execute the following command:

apt-get update

apt-get install jenkins

Can you please try this solution.


Windows 10 in UEFI mode and Ubuntu in Legacy mode

The switch from legacy boot to UEFI boot in Ubuntu should be fairly easy, only a few steps are needed.

First of all make sure that Windows is fully shut down, Windows Fast-startup-feature should be disabled. Boot your current Ubuntu installation.

You need to know which partition is your EFI-System-Partition (ESP). You can use the command lsblk -f to get the device name and UUID of the ESP. The ESP is formatted in FAT and normally has a size of a few hundred MB, mostly the partition will be labeled and you can find it easily.

Create a directory as mount-point for the ESP with

sudo mkdir /boot/efi

Now add a line to /etc/fstab with the following content:

UUID=XXXXXXXXX   /boot/efi  vfat   umask=0077    0    1

Use the UUID you found before.

Mount the ESP with sudo mount-a

Now install the grub-efi-amd64-package:

sudo apt install grub-efi-amd64

This will automatically remove grub-pc (the legacy boot-mode version of Grub).

Other commands like grub-install or update-grub are not needed, installing grub-efi-amd64 will install the boot-loader to the ESP during installation of the package.You are ready to reboot.

Enter the UEFI-settings and check your boot-order. I'd also recommend to disable CSM in UEFI-settings to speed up the boot process.


You can also remove extensions by going to .local/share/gnome-shell/extensions and removing what you've installed.

On a somewhat related note, I just got into a situation like yours where the user bar wouldn't show up, but I had NO extensions loaded, and un-installing and reinstalling gnome-shell made no difference.

I actually reinstalled Ubuntu (this being 11.10), but used the option to not format the drive.  It completely reinstalled the O/S, reinstalled the packages I'd installed since installation, and left my home directory intact (yes, I did have a backup available, but didn't need to use it).  And now gnome-shell works fine.


Enabling NIC under Ubuntu 15.04 on Dell Optiplex 9020

Microsoft Windows' Intel network adapter Power Management setting "Wake on Magic Packet from power off state" seems to cause this issue. Disabling it seems to allow Ubuntu to access the network, following a restart from Microsoft Windows.

DISABLING SETTING "WAKE ON MAGIC PACKET FROM POWER OFF STATE"

Start Microsoft Windows
Open Device Manager

Start > Control Panel
System and Security
Under System, select Device Manager
Note: Administrator permission required--if you're prompted for an administrator password or confirmation, type the password or provide confirmation.

In Device Manager, expand Network Adapters, right-click the adapter, then select Properties
In Properties window, select tab "Power Management"
Clear checkbox "Wake on Magic Packet from power off state"
Select button "OK" to save and exit

Note: we first installed the latest drivers via the Intel Download Center: https://downloadcenter.intel.com/product/60019/Intel-Ethernet-Connection-I217-LM . Namely, as of this writing: Network Adapter Driver for Windows 7*, Version: 20.4.1 (Latest), Date: 10/2/2015 . You may or may not need to do this, to clear the setting listed above.

Our setup: Dell Optiplex 9020 MT (i7), Intel i217-LM network card, dual boot of Microsoft Windows 7 and Ubuntu 15.04 (both 64-bit).


Install Windows 7 on MBR for Easier Ubuntu Dual-boot

Fundamentally, the issue is not the partition table type (GPT vs. MBR); it's the firmware type and boot mode (EFI/UEFI vs. BIOS/CSM/legacy). Windows ties them together quite tightly -- Windows may boot in EFI/UEFI mode only from GPT disks, whereas it may boot in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode only from MBR disks. Because of this, if you boot the Windows installer in EFI/UEFI mode and it sees an MBR disk (or in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode and it sees a GPT disk), the installer will complain or convert the partition table type.

The boot mode for the Windows installer can be controlled by the user, but the methods for doing this are non-obvious and vary from one computer to another. At best, when you enter the computer's boot manager (typically by hitting a system-specific function key soon after you power on the computer), you'll see two options for the boot medium, one of which includes "UEFI" in the description and one of which doesn't. The item with "UEFI" in the description boots to EFI/UEFI mode and the other one boots to BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. Note that one mode or the other might be unavailable depending on how the boot medium was prepared; some tools set up boot media to boot in only one mode.

Ubuntu is not so limited; you can install to a GPT disk in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode and the installer won't complain. I don't recall offhand how the installer reacts to an EFI-mode installation to an MBR disk. It might or might not work, but you can definitely coerce an MBR installation to boot in EFI mode if you know what you're doing and if your firmware doesn't freak out about it.

The critical detail is to get both your OSes' boot modes to be the same, since switching boot modes is usually awkward.

Incidentally, I disagree with your assertion that it's easier to dual-boot Ubuntu and Windows with MBR (and, by implication, under BIOS/CSM/legacy mode). This was true with old computers that simply did not use EFI; but with modern EFI-based computers that support both boot modes, enabling both modes (which is normally required for BIOS/CSM/legacy support) creates additional boot paths and therefore additional ways to screw things up. It's this, not EFI mode per se, that causes most EFI-related headaches. Unfortunately, there's a lot of bad advice out there to enable BIOS/CSM/legacy support, install Ubuntu in that mode, and then clean up the mess with Boot Repair. Getting the Ubuntu installer to boot in EFI mode perplexes a lot of people because of the aforementioned non-obvious and non-standardized controls of initial boot mode; but overcoming this hurdle is likely to be much easier than fixing the problems created by trying to bypass the problem by doing a BIOS-mode install.

There is one caveat to my advice on this score, though: Some EFIs are still buggy and don't remember the OS they're supposed to boot. Thus, you can end up booting straight to Windows after Ubuntu is installed. There are various fixes and workarounds for such problems, and finding the one that's minimally invasive requires a certain level of expertise. I've answered questions about this many times on this forum. One that bubbles to the top is this one.


Formartting SD Card - Corrupted FAT32 Filesystem

For what an SD card costs, the only effort warranted is attempting to recover data from the corrupted card, if there's anything on it worth that effort.  Otherwise, just buy a new card (you'll get several times the capacity for the same money you paid for the old one) and discard the old one.


Meaning of "t=canonical" in Firefox URL after search?

Taken from here:

  The t=mageia is intentionally added in the search configuration, as
  Mageia gets a tiny amount of money donated to it from duckduckgo for
  making it the default search engine in most of the browsers.

In your case canonical. I guess they receive some money for making google default search engine. More here


Looks like the file does not have permission to execute it:

chmod +x JES.sh


Update list

sudo apt-get update

easily install xfce desktop by this command

sudo apt-get install xfce4

And then logout and login

Also, note this will not remove the ubunu-desktop(unity), then all of what you want is just swapping between the different desktop managers

From your login page click on the Ubuntu icon near the place you entering your password, this would show you all Desktop managers in your system, like the pic below, so choose which one to use.


Here are the steps you need to take to safely uninstall Ubuntu from a dual-boot setup:

Boot into your Live CD for Ubuntu
Start a Terminal session with Ctrl+Alt+T
Type gksudo gparted and hit Enter
Delete your Ubuntu partitions (you should have two, the main partition and swap). If you are unsure of which partition is your main Ubuntu partition, type sudo df in a Terminal session and hit Enter. It will be the filesystem mounted on "/".
Expand your Windows partition (it should now be the biggest partition) onto the free space by right clicking it and selecting Resize/Move
Reboot into a Windows CD
Choose Repair
Choose Command Prompt
Type bootrec /fixmbr and hit Enter
Type bootrec /fiboot and hit Enter
Reboot. Your computer should now boot into Windows XP.
Profit!

If you want a full guide on how uninstall Ubuntu, see this website.


Please reinstall the driver. With a temporary wired ethernet connection, please open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall linux-headers-3.11.0-15-generic linux-headers-generic
sudo apt-get install --reinstall bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo modprobe wl

Detach the ethernet. Your wireless should be working now.


Is there any way of installing Ubuntu on Chromebook without using Crouton?

As far as I know, it is not possible to install it without Crouton, due to the way the Chromebook firmware is setup, etc. However with Ubuntu coming out with Unity 8 and more and more support for ARM architectures it may be possible, just hang in there! :)


How do I get the latest version of FreeFileSync (currently 9.7) to run in Ubuntu 14.04?

For next 14 months I recommend to create schroot with Ubuntu 16.04 LTS inside and install FreeFileSync into it:

sudo apt-get install schroot debootstrap -y

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/schroot/chroot.d/xenial.conf
[xenial]
description=Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial
directory=/srv/chroot/xenial
root-users=$USER
type=directory
users=$USER
EOF

sudo mkdir -p /srv/chroot/xenial

sudo debootstrap xenial /srv/chroot/xenial

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /srv/chroot/xenial/etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
EOF

schroot -c xenial -u root apt-get update
schroot -c xenial -u root apt-get install software-properties-common sudo
schroot -c xenial -u root apt-get install libgtk2.0-0 libsm6 # for FreeFileSync

Then you can download FreeFileSync as usual

cd ~/Downloads
wget http://download936.mediafire.com/qayx2xg6bkyg/rhia0pqcfqjmu2w/FreeFileSync_9.7_Ubuntu_16.04_64-bit.tar.gz
# if wget does not work download it manually to ~/Downloads
tar -xvzf FreeFileSync_9.7_Ubuntu_16.04_64-bit.tar.gz

Then try to launch it from terminal

schroot -c xenial env DISPLAY=:0.0 ~/Downloads/FreeFileSync/FreeFileSync

If it works you may want to create desktop shortcut for it as follows:

cat <<EOF > ~/Desktop/FreeFileSync.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Name=FreeFileSync
Comment=Keep files and folders synchronized
Exec=schroot -c xenial env LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 DISPLAY=:0.0 /home/$USER/Downloads/FreeFileSync/FreeFileSync
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=freefilesync
MimeType=application/x-freefilesync-ffs;application/x-freefilesync-batch
Categories=Utility;FileTools;GTK;
StartupWMClass=FreeFileSync
StartupNotify=true
EOF

chmod +x ~/Desktop/FreeFileSync.desktop


light weight image editor that can support pgm format in linux

Inkscape

Inkscape which seems to support .pgm extension (disclaimer: I haven't tested it). Install it with

sudo apt install inkscape

Netpbm

This page reports that netpbm can be a cli solution for *.pgm extensions too. Try it. This is the homepage of Netpbm.


How to properly modify the sudoers file to create a launcher in order to shutdown the system?

The order of lines in /etc/sudoers is important.

The man page says:

   When multiple entries match for a user, they are applied in order.  Where there are
   multiple matches, the last match is used (which is not necessarily the most specific
   match).

So, if you have the following usual line in your /etc/sudoers file

%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL

and your user is part of the admin group, you need to put the line in your question behind that line. Otherwise it will never be used, because the line for %admin will always match instead.

In general, put the most specific lines (like those for single users and commands) at the end of the file.


Why does qt-creator need to connect to google-analytics?

It is said by Qt employees that Google Analytics code used to be included in Qt documentation (and pages you are viewing as part of it), but was removed afterwards (source).

Try upgrading Qt creator to the most recent version (2.5.2 in repos / 2.6.0 http://qt-project.org/downloads) and see if this solves your problem.

Apart from that, I'd say pretty much any IDE tries to collect usage statistics if you allow it to. Check out if this can be configured in Qt Creator.


Purple screen appears while booting into Windows 10 on dual boot

Boot into Ubuntu by selecting it from the GRUB menu (GRUB menu screenshot in step 4).

Open the terminal and run sudo fdisk -l

Restart your system with sudo reboot

After loading you will be asked to select a boot option. Select Windows 10 from the GRUB menu.

It may boot into safe mode.

In Windows 10 Start menu type System Configuration -> select Boot tab -> uncheck Safe boot -> click Apply button -> click OK button.

Reboot again with sudo reboot.


python will always refer to python2 unless the PEP-0394 makes any modification on this to state otherwise (or of course when Python 2 reaches EOL on 2020).

This is to conform to the PEP-0394 standard, Which suggests:

python2 will refer to some version of Python 2.x.
python3 will refer to some version of Python 3.x.
for the time being, all distributions should ensure that python refers to the same target as python2.

The relevant Ubuntu WiKi on Python 3 mentions:

  /usr/bin/python will point to Python 3. No, this is not going to
  happen (unless PEP 394 advocates otherwise, which is doubtful for the
  foreseeable future). /usr/bin/python and /usr/bin/python2 will point
  to Python 2.7 and /usr/bin/python3 will point to the latest supported
  Python 3 version.


Which is the best place to check the compatibility of video cards?

For ATI, the definitive place to look is the X.Org development page at
http://www.x.org/wiki/radeon

To figure out whether your AMD/ATI card is supported, you need to figure out the card series. For example, an ATI X1200 is an R400 series graphics card, which is supported with the open-source (ATI) driver.

To find what series is your AMD/ATI card, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_AMD_graphics_processing_units

There is intensive work on X.Org, such as modesetting, TV-Out, HDMI Audio. So, things may not work well due to a bug. So, an Ubuntu user should be able to know with Radeon Series their card is, and which driver they are currently using, when reporting problems.


Ubuntu SSD /dev/sda and LVM partition alignment

Ok I solved it. Using ubuntu installation usb-stick and gparted I moved/resized the boot and root partition until I got them properly aligned. I checked afterwards with the align-check opt command mentioned in my question. Now everything on the SSD drive seems to be alright.

Note: Moving boot partition requires grub reinstall.

Just to mention. The bad alignment probably came from partitioning using Ubuntu's "disk utility". It could be that I've messed something up, but still possible that compared to gparted the disk utility doesn't care much about proper alignment. So my suggestion is to use parted/gparted.

I am not sure if it was needed, but "aligned" is much nicer than "not aligned" :)


I had the same problem from Spain. I also used hola unblocker when I had windows and, although I had the app on Chrome, this didn't help me because Netflix desktop uses firefox. I was able to solve the problem though by doing the following:

Open Netflix desktop.
Press ctrl + L to open the "go to" prompt
Go to http://www.hola.org download hola unblocker and enjoy.

Bonne chance!


I tried unity --reset in the terminal and that corrected the problem. I still can't find the icon but I can switch between the workspaces using the hotkeys.


Alternative to "A Pomodoro Timer for GNOME" for KDE

It seems that RSIBreak may help. You can install it with sudo apt-get install rsibreak.

Also exists Tomatoid, but it is not packaged.


You might want to try Gofris.

  Gofris is an open source program that allows Ubuntu users to lock their Home folder. You can compare it to the Deep Freeze software on Windows. What is special in Gofris is that once enabled, any changes performed in your Home folder will be discarded after system rebooting. So, it is recommended for public computers (Internet café, for example).

References:

Launchpad for the project

Tutorial for setting it up on 11.04


In order to use your build of itpp-4.3.1 you will have to remove the Ubuntu 12.04 itpp version : sudo apt-get remove libitpp-dev libitpp7

cd dsd/build/ && cmake ../ && make : No errors, Ubuntu 12.4.5 - 64.


try to purge all packages from the system, and just follow this tutorial step by step ..
How To Install Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP (LAMP) stack on Ubuntu 16.04

be aware not to purge mysql-common or any related files


Share WiFi via Ethernet on XUbuntu 18.10

I have posted the same answer in another question. However, it answers exactly the question on this page. Here the full text and solution:
Another wonderful solution (unfortunately not considered in the beginning) consists of creating an ethernet connection so that the internet access through the wifi is also shared with the embedded system. The solution is very easy to be implemented (and further details can be found surfing on the web, here for an example):

open Edit connection...
create (or open the existing) Wire connection
in the IPv4 Settings tab, select Method: Shared to other computers. This is the main difference with the other solutions for this answer:

Nothing more should be done in the "server part" (i.e., the workstation). You will see that the computer creates its own network. Click on Connection Information to see it or, from the command line, type ifconfig and look the take note of the address, sub-mask, and the other parameters for the ethernet connection (for example under eth0 in my case).
The embedded system (for example a raspberry PI connected with the eth cable) should use the just-create network, using the parameter that you have just observed.
CONCLUSION: that way, you will be able to access the system (using ssh or what you want) and, at the same time, have free access to the web (in case you need to download new packets or programs).


Like this:

mysql -u username -p -e 'select * from raja;' database_name >> file_name.txt

If you want to append use >> otherwise >.


adding hibernate option in power menu on Ubuntu 18.04

You may use a GNOME shell extension called Hibernate Status Button to get a hibernate button. This extension

  Adds a Hibernate button in Status menu. Using Alt modifier, you can also select Hybrid Sleep instead.

Also check the extension's GitHub page.


HP 15-dw0037wm - Realtek RTL8821CE 802.11ac PCI-E Wireless Network Adapter Issues - Not Working in Linux - Ubuntu/Debian/Pop OS!

Some people have found that the Realtek RTL8821CE wireless devices will not work with any Linux distribution while “Secure Boot” is enabled in the BIOS. This setting is not a requirement for you computers to work, and it does not make a device any more secure. Disabling it should not result in any consequences.


Problem with installing GNOME Shell: unmet dependencies

I had similar problem with gnome-session-fallback instalation.
The problem seems to be because you try to install something that depends on old versions of

  libpulse-mainloop-glib0,
  libpulse0 and
  libxfixes3

.
Try to uninstall those three and then install the gnome shell. The dependencies should get installed in older versions as a result.


How can I setup an NFS share using a GUI?

There is a GUI for samba shares, but AFAIK there is none for nfs at this time. However, there is a request at brainstorm about this issue. Maybe you can go there and support this issue.


what does it mean to load a kernal image?

To "load" them means copying them from the boot medium (harddisk, CD, USB stick, ...) to system RAM.

The CPU can only receive instructions directly from either the BIOS or the RAM; in order to run a program stored on the hard disk, there needs to be a program that is already accessible that will make the other program accessible.

At system start, there is only the BIOS, which knows how to test the RAM for defects and read data from the hard disk. The BIOS loads the bootloader, which is placed so that it can be found easily (either at the beginning of the disk, or in a special partition).

The bootloader is an intermediate program that basically just performs the same function as the BIOS -- it loads the next program. Unlike the BIOS, it is specifically made to load Linux, so it knows how to read the Executable and Linking Format (which is used for programs under Linux), and it knows that it should also read the initrd file into memory and pass the address where its contents can be found to the Linux kernel.

The kernel itself can typically be found in the /boot directory, with a name of vmlinuz- followed by a version number, and at the moment you can execute commands, a copy of it is somewhere in system memory; the exact address is unpredictable.


Lenovo Y460 won't boot most of the time unless plugged in

I have the Y560 and am experiencing the same problem. I tried downgrading to older kernels but still have the same issue. I did find this bug https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/775950 and verified that I have the same kernel panic and message happening. There is also someone with a Y560 with the same problem here Lenovo Y560 won't boot unless it's on AC power


No smooth scrolling on Chrome for Ubuntu

While on the flags page, there are two features that you need to enable. An easy way to do this is by searching for Smooth Scrolling. The first is Threshold Composing, enable that, then enable the Smooth Scrolling feature.


zoneminder - fewer events, longer duration?

Found the answer here and other places:  https://zoneminder.readthedocs.io/en/stable/userguide/definemonitor.html#buffers-tab

**Pre/Post Event Image Buffer:

  These options determine how many frames from before and after an event should be preserved with it. This allows you to view what happened immediately prior and subsequent to the event. A value of 10 for both of these will get you started but if you get a lot of short events and would prefer them to run together to form fewer longer ones then increase the Post Event buffer size.

Will implement it and see how well it does...


Unallocated space from windows 7 to Ubuntu

You can move the Windows /dev/sda2 partition to the left, from one of your installations or the live disk. You may want to do this from a Windows disk manager if it has the Windows bootloader in.

Then you can expand /dev/sda3 and then the /dev/sda5 to the left from the live disk.


Easy:

Uninstall it using the software center
Download the .deb file for cheese that you would like
double-click
Ignore the warnings from software center.


You might want to take it the long way, which is what I usually do.. ;)

Do you have a static IP for your router/internet connection? If not, use a dynamic IP provider.
If you can answer the first question with "yes", go on and check your router for port forwarding
Does your machine accept connections from external IPs ? -Check your IP-Tables

That should pretty much sum it up..

:)


Advice on partitioning 11.10 at Installation time

This is a good partitioning scheme.  (I use one extra partition to allow me to install different distributions at the same time, but if you don't plan on doing that, it's unnecessary).

For posterity - make sure you're /home partition has most of the space like the OP does in most cases.  /home is where your files will end up (including any large media files, which often is what takes up most space).  The exception to this is if you will never be using many large files, but do plan installing very many very large programs.


How to Load ubuntu with windows 8 boot loader

I have figured it out !!!

It is straight forward, log into windows 8 and install EasyBCD 2.1.2, after installation run program, select Add New Entry button on the left -> select the Linux/BSD tab -> in the type drop list, select "GRUB (Legacy)" OR "GRUB2" depending on which version you have installed -> Change the Name to whatever you want -> select Add Entry, Next select the BCD Deployment button on the left -> Select Partition 2 or the partition that has the "C:\" drive -> select Write MBR -> Finally reboot computer and your windows 8 boot menu should include your Linux boot information. I am currently running a triple boot with windows 8 release preview, windows 7 ultimate and ubuntu 12.04. and they all boot flawlessly from the windows 8 graphical boot menu.

cheers


Why is my network speed to an AFP share slow?

As amc commented already - 100 Mbps is 12.5 MB/s or ~11.921 MiB/s, so you're getting close to wire speed. You need to use gigabit NICs and network equipment to get higher speeds.


Use existing /home (not encrypted) when installing Ubuntu?

First. Make backups of your /home. Then make copies of important documents in a flash drive (One can never be too careful).

Second, boot the computer from Live USB/DVD and start the install process.

The installer should see the existing Ubuntu 12.10 and give you an option to upgrade from  installation disk or some such thing (do not remember the exact words). This will preserve the /home partition and do a clean install. This will also try to reinstall some of the other packages you already have. Not all apps will get installed this way, as it depends on which repository they are from. Official Ubuntu repository based packages are most likely to get installed again.

When it comes to naming the primary user and creating the user ID. Use exactly the same ID you had before. This will associate the user to its old /home/[user] folder. If you have other users for this machine, recreate the IDs after installation is complete and the first reboot.

If for some reason upgrade from installation disk does not work, choose Something Else... and select the / as the install location. The mount point should be /. Check the format partition option. Make sure /home partition is not checked for formatting. As before, choose your primary user ID as the one you had before.

Hope this helps


Access Windows directories with dual boot

Yes you can mount all NTFS Windows disks without any problems. You can mount them on the start via fstab or you can let ubuntu to detect them automatically and mount on demand. You can follow this guide: How to automount NTFS partitions?


Do I really have to do a fresh install every 6/9 months? Updating causes problems

If you only use LTS releases you rarely ever have to upgrade.

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LTS


Why don't Etron USB 3.0 controllers/ports work? (Asus P8Z68-V and other motherboards)

The Asus manuals for z68 based mobo have been updated to explicitly state that USB3 depends upon Windows (post boot) software.  Running Ubuntu you will not get M/B raid support, (out of the box) USB3, or SSD shadowing of highly used sectors. (Intel Smart Response).

I can understand not including a raid controller, but USB3 should just work. It's a serious consumer issue in my Country if the product description misleads in this way.

You'll need another motherboard, or an expansion card.


Unable to boot or install Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

oldfred is correct. I performed a UEFI BIOS update, and we are back in business. Thank you so much.

Additional Note: Enabling Thunderbolt Firmware Updates in the BIOS also causes things to break. So don't do that either.


Disable display of media controls on lock screen (showMediaControls) on KDE Plasma 5.12.7

KDE/Plasma Music Controls in Lock Screen

By https://kde.org/announcements/plasma-5.12.0.php :

  Media controls have been added to the lock screen. For added privacy,
  they can be disabled in Plasma 5.12.

but: https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=389483#c4

  Urgh, there's a bug.

  If the "Appareance" tab is not the active tab on load, then it doesn't
  render the second QtQuick UI

Fixed with the Plasma 5.12.2 or later...

But: https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=389483#c17

  A quick test with the Debian, Ubuntu and the Neon:

  Debian - not working: https://imgur.com/oluO1Tu Ubuntu - not working:
  https://imgur.com/tu1q2iL Neon - working: https://imgur.com/57EgU2d
  ...
  This seems to be an Debian/Ubuntu problem. Maybe a bug repot in the
  Debian/Ubuntu bug tracking system will help.

This is still broken in the Kubuntu 18.04. With the Kubuntu 18.10 the configuration option is there.

Manual configuration

The KDE screen locker configuration file is:

$ locate screenlocker
/home/<usernamehere>/.config/kscreenlockerrc

the kscreenlockerrc.

The configuration option is (true/false):

[Greeter][LnF][General]
showMediaControls=false

This can be added with the kwriteconfig5:

  kwriteconfig5 --file kscreenlockerrc --group Greeter --group LnF
  --group General --key showMediaControls --type bool false

Testing

Without:

With the 'false':


Install ubuntu on windows 8 with intel smart response

thank you all for your replies, the problem was that the Ubuntu installer did not recognize any disk while the Intel Smart Response was on.

But it was easy after all, I was being a bit stupid : I just needed to find the Intel Smart Response GUI in Windows 8 and to turn everything off inside.

Then I could install any Linux distribution.

Thanks again.


Your problem is that you are marking #Version 120 which would be GLS 1.20 or OpenGL 2.0.  Ideally you should use at least #version 400

That extension is technically designed for GLSL 4.0.x and later and OpenGL 4.0  It was optional in revised releases of OpenGL 4.0 and core in 4.2.  To insure support you should use GLSL Version 4.20  (i.e. #version 420 NOT #version 120).  It may operate in forward compatibility compliant shaders of 130+ but this is not guaranteed as it is implementation specific.

As of recent chips and Mesa support you can see the overview over at http://www.mesamatrix.net

As you can see, everything but, freedrino, very old nVidia chips and very old intel chips has support for at least GLSL version 4.20

I would highly recommend playing it safe and using #version 420 for your shaders unless you plan on sharing code with older macs.


Tell Ubuntu to use more RAM to speed up the process

Ubuntu does not control what the applications you're using do with available memory, the applications themselves do. So you'd need to find some way to tell the application you're using that it shold use more memory. However, most applications only use as much memory as they actually need - using more isn't going to improve performance. (What applications are you using, though ?)

However, what Ubuntu does do is use unused, available RAM as cache, i.e. recently accessed files are kept in memory, so that when they are needed again, they do not need to be fetched from disk. This improves performance. This is also why starting an application (e.g web browser or IDE) a second time is faster that starting it "cold", i.e. immediately after boot.

  After a day of working, my computer is slowing down [...]

No, this isn't normal. I generally have weeks of uptime on my Linux systems, and performance isn't affected. Maybe check the memory / CPU usage at the end of the day, and see if something is using lots of resources. What do you mean by "is slowing down", though ?


Update PHP 5.3.2 to 5.3.3 or 5.4 on Ubuntu 10.04

Although I tried a lot more things, I think these steps using the PHP 5.3.3 backport of Chris Lea solved my problem:

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:chris-lea/php5.3.3
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade

And the version is now

$ php -v
PHP 5.3.3-8ubuntu12~lucid1 with Suhosin-Patch (cli) (built: Jan 26 2011 20:34:21)


Text cursor invisible in gedit for dark desktop theme

Go to the Preferences menu on Gedit and change the Color Scheme on Fonts & Colors tab.
Check if the text is readable even with the presence of the highlighted content on the selected line.


This is a known bug in kernel 3.13. It will be fixed with 3.14. There is a bug report on Launchpad.

EDIT
Run sudo apt-get install linux-image-generic-lts-utopic to install backported kernel version 3.16. Reboot and traffic count will work again.


Ubuntu 14.04 - Installed Ubuntu SDK and getting errors on start up

Firstly, the minimum requirement for the SDK is 14.10.

Secondly, yes you can safely changes the permissions on the /home/user/.config folder, just make sure that the ubuntudevice_id_rsa in the .config/ubuntu-sdk folder has 400 permission.


Wireless won't connect properly, keeps asking for a network key

Try clicking on the network icon and choose edit connections...

Then under the wireless tab find your network and delete it.
Scan and try adding again.


All DKMS-managed modules fail with `Exec format error`

It turns out the problem was that the default GCC on my system got changed to GCC-9 (due to a botched freehdl upgrade, but whatever). This resulted in a different (and apparently, not ABI-compatible?) GCC version used for building modules with DKMS compared to the GCC version used to build the Ubuntu kernel.

After downgrading back to GCC-7 (and rebuilding all DKMS modules), everything now works as before, including Secure Boot support.


Last access timestamp updated every 24 hours

If you have a SSD, the relatime mount option is automatically set. Here is what it does (source):

  Relatime maintains atime data, but not for each time that a file is accessed. With this option enabled, atime data is written to the disk only if the file has been modified since the atime data was last updated (mtime), or if the file was last accessed more than a certain length of time ago (by default, one day).

Try changing relatime to noatime in your /etc/fstab file to confirm the reason for these updates.


xflock is so much ugly. Any alternative?

xflock4 is just a script that tries to guess what locking options are available.

It will try gnome-screensaver (THE GOOD), xscreensaver (THE BAD), xlock (THE UGLY).

Hopefully, lightdm will take over locking in the next ubuntu release.


Ubuntu 18.04-Vmware Worksation 15.5.2 networking issues


mysql server fails to start automatically at boot


"sudo apt-get purge mysql" Failing on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

I had the same issue as you. For me the solution was to remove package using dpkg:

sudo dpkg --remove --force-all libmysqlclient20:i386
sudo dpkg --remove --force-all libqt4-sql-mysql

Hope it helps you...


Ubuntu 14.04 LTS release doesn't boot after being installed

Try re-installing the Grub bootloader again. To do that use your live USB and boot into Ubuntu 14.04 and install boot-repair with the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Use advanced options(at left bottom) in boot-repair(not the recommended).

Open advanced options in boot-repair .

advanced options=>'GRUB location' (Select "place grub into". Select "sda". Don't select sda1 or sda2 or anything like those numbered partitions. Just choose 'sda' only)

advanced options=>'GRUB options' (Select "Purge grub before reinstalling it")

advanced options=> Other options ( Unselect the "Repair Windows boot files" & "Check Internet connection" if they are selected.)


Change Deja-Dup storage location from local folder to external drive

Yes, it is possible. The next time you run a backup, you may get a error message stating that the storage device has changed. Just reselect it  and proceed.

It would be prudent to try restores and backups before deleting the original.


Two working software centers in Ubuntu - why is this happening?

The first screenshot (window title "Ubuntu Software Center") shows the old Ubuntu Software Center (package software-center). It comes with Ubuntu up to version 15.10.

The second screenshot (window title "Software") shows the new GNOME Software Center (package gnome-software). It comes with Ubuntu since version 16.04.

The reason why you have both software center applications installed is probably because you upgraded from 15.10 or an older release to 16.04 (or later). That way the new GNOME Software Center gets installed, but the release upgrader does not remove the old Ubuntu Software Center, as they are completely unrelated packages. It simply does not know that one should replace the other - not sure whether that is a bug or a feature though...

If you want, you should be able to uninstall the old software center using this terminal command below:

sudo apt remove software-center

But please check the list of packages which are going to be removed with it! I can't tell whether any of your installed applications might depend on that package. If there are packages in the list of remove candidates which you definitely don't want to remove or about which you are unsure, it's better to leave a comment and ask for advice than to blindly remove packages.


How to install and update Ubuntu to a Pen drive

As per my answer here:

  How to create a bootable USB with multiple ISO images in it

This is what i did to run Xubuntu From a SD card it applies to USB sticks too it's really simple actually.

First we need 2 USB sticks, one for the liveCD's and the other to install the OS.

Ok, so now first make a liveUSB bootable drive, I recommend you to use UNetbootiN, to do this, pick the iso and create the liveUSB.

Now, that you have the bootable USB, reboot your PC and start the liveUSB, once you're in there start the live session.

Once you're in connect the second USB to the PC and format it to EXT4, then simply point the installer to the USB drive and that's it ( i went a little on the extreme side, and disconnected all of my Hard drives to avoid grub being insalled on them or messing the existing installations).

And now you only need to set the BIOS of your PC to boot the USB device where you installed the System.


How to migrate Wubi install to a new partition

I'm not very sure, but I believe this was asked on the Ubuntu forums, too. As far as I could tell from the responses, this is not quite possible. What you can do, however, is copy your /home/user (where "user" is your username) to your Windows partition and install a fresh Ubuntu alongside Windows. Then copy the contents back from the Windows partition and you'll have an Ubuntu install that is almost identical to your wubi install. The only things you will notice that are lacking are the programs you had installed. You can re-install these and they will have exactly the same configuration as before.


Change video codec setting

Try changing the video codec guvcview is using to H.264. To do that, start guvcview, open the Video menu, then Video Codec, then MPEG4-AVC (H264). With this it should correctly record.


Between your computer and internet there probably is your home router that work as firewall.
If you want your computer to be reached from the outside you need to "port forward" from your router.

This shouldn't be necessary for Skype however. The default firewall setting, in general, "all outbound allow", should be fine.


No internet upon ip change for server 20.04

In most cases, the gateway should be on the same sub-net as the IP address of the server. Otherwise, data packets can not go through and there will be no connectivity.
Looking at the IP 192.168.2.50/24 and the gateway 192.168.1.1 in your configuration.
They are not on the same sub-net.
I would suggest finding out the correct addresses for both your gateway and nameserver ( most likely the IP of your router) and changing them accordingly in your server's netplan file.
I guess the new address for your router is 192.168.2.1. If that is correct then you need to changing both the gateway and the nameserver addresses to 192.168.2.1.


How to detect when a background command prints to stderr?

Use the ts utility (from the moreutils package) to timestamp output:

If the -i or -s switch is passed, ts timestamps incrementally instead.
In case of -i, every timestamp will be the time elapsed since the last
timestamp. In case of -s, the time elapsed since start of the program
is used.  The default format changes to "%H:%M:%S", and "%.S" and "%.s"
can be used as well.

So, run:

record.sh |& ts -s >> "$LOGFILE"


Navigation betwen the 4 desktops of Unity?

Disabling Previews

You can do it using Compiz Config Settings Manager.

Install Compiz Config Settings Manager

Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T).
Run the following command:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Changing Settings

Open Compiz Config Settings Manager by searching the same in the dash or from the terminal using ccsm command.
Goto Desktop > Desktop Wall, as shown in the screenshot below.

Uncheck Show Viewport Switcher Preview and Show Live Viewport Previews, as shown in the screenshot below.

Close Compiz Config Settings Manager.

To revert back to the default settings, just check the two checkboxes again.

Shortcuts for navigating

To navigate around the workspaces, the controls are:

Ctrl+Alt+Left Arrow: Switch to the left workspace
Ctrl+Alt+Right Arrow: Switch to the right workspace
Ctrl+Alt+Up Arrow: Switch to the upper workspace
Ctrl+Alt+Down Arrow: Switch to the workspace below

You can see the full list of shortcuts by holding the Windows key (also shown in the screenshot below).


Pentium D supports 64-bit versions of Ubuntu, so you could use either the 32 or 64 bit ISO.

Both should support your ATI GPU and offer you the ability to install various drivers after the install completes. Once you're booted, open the Dash and search for "Drivers". The "Additional Drivers" utility will install the needed video drivers for you, regardless of which ISO you use.


This is a known error. Until it will be fixed, use VLC instead.
You can install VLC with

sudo apt-get install vlc

command.
You can use VLC from terminal as well.


Use Ubuntu One account to purchase from 7digital website?

There isn't a separate 7 Digital account to log in with to access your music.

That said, any music you've purchased through the Ubuntu One Music Store is available through your Ubuntu One storage.  We do have a beta version of the Ubuntu One client for Windows, but it doesn't currently handle additional synchronised folders (such as the one used for the music store):

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuOne/Windows#FAQ

Until that feature is added, your best bet would be to download the files via the web interface at https://one.ubuntu.com/files/


Error when attempting to access external hard drive Ubuntu 14.04

First, you need to enable the universe repository. If you have not done it already, run:

sudo add-apt-repository universe, then update the system with:
sudo apt-get update

Install the below packages to auto mount your exFAT formatted device:

sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utils

or continue with the manual mount as you were trying.


Files app Webdav cliente on Ubuntu 16.04, 18.04 and 20.04 does not recognize Letsencrypt Certificate

I got some help from the Ubuntu support folks.
It seems Certbot did not include everything in the updated site config file when changing the Apache configuration
IT did not send the X3 authority certificate. I just had to add the following line into my Apache site configuration file and everything started working:
“SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/yourdomain.com/chain.pem”.
Regards,
Andre


How to use alsa systemwide and still have a volume tweak

The system is using ALSA already. Pulseaudio (or similar) is required to have multiple applications at multiple different volume levels, as ALSA is simply the hardware driver layer, and does not itself provide any software mixing at the application level.

To use ALSA directly for all applications, you would need to create a virtual loopback sound card for each application, which is not trivial, and would make dealing with volume control significantly more complex and frustrating. I don't know that any of the volume slider widgets for system trays of any environment support such a configuration.


Ok, so the problem was in some extensions I installed a long time ago. I reset Gnome to original settings and now it seems to be working. It seems though that now I have to modify appearance back to a usable state:
dconf reset -f /org/gnome/


Using live ubuntu environment USB for storage

Make Bootable USB with No Wasted Space from Ubuntu.
There are several methods of making a bootable USB in Ubuntu.
Basic categories are Persistent install and Full install
For a comparison see: Use Ubuntu on external hard drive in 2 different devices? . Instructions for Full install USB are included.
The main reason to make a Persistent install is to create a USB that can be used to install Ubuntu.
The best tool for doing this is mkusb, see: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb , mkusb will create a drive that will run Ubuntu and save between sessions, (Persistence), It can also create a NTFS data partition to be used by Linux or Windows like a normal USB.

The easiest tool for making a Live USB, that can be used for installing Ubuntu, comes with Ubuntu and is called Startup Disk Creator. It overwrites the whole disk as you mention in the question.
The useless space resulting from a SDC install can be easily converted to a NTFS or FAT32 data partition useful for data storage and transportation like mkusb.
Procedure Legacy Boot

Run Startup Disk Creator, dd. Disks or Etcher to create Live 19.10, or later, USB

Boot new Live USB to activate writable partition, (AKA casper-rw), then Power Off.

Reboot the Live USB toram. (press shift when booting, hit F6 and type a space and toram).

Unmount writable/casper-rw partition using Disks.

For NTFS open Terminal and run:

sudo mkfs.ntfs -f -L data /dev/sdx3
were x is the drive letter of the new Live USB
For FAT32 use:
sudo mkfs.vfat -F 32 -n data /dev/sdx1
The drive should now have the original data space minus the size of the OS ISO.
Procedure UEFI Boot
Same as Legacy Boot however at GRUB menu press e. After the words quiet splash type a space then toram. Press F10 to continue boot.


Ubuntu has stopped supporting Ubuntu Software Center after the release of Ubuntu 16.04 LTS. So, the default software center on 16.04 and its successors is Gnome Software (at least for now).

Gnome Software  has some disadvantages. Although, it may have a better look, it will not show all software available to the official repository, only the ones that are relatively popular. But, it supports some snaps (for example, PyCharm).

And about second problem, there might be some misconfigurations with your internet connection, as the actual problem  is:

The maintainer contacted but no resolution and/or answer.


The decoding error reported in dmesg is actually harmless and has no impact on the usability of the system. I searched the net and switching from lz4 compression to gzip compression only means that it no longer displays the error but in addition the boot time increases.
In conclusion i expect the kernel to be updated to resolve this error message by Ubuntu developers in the near future.


Is there performance issue when using a Virtual Machine in a mounted partition?

All volumes must be mounted to be usable, so even if you changed the filesystem on your "D:\" drive, you'd still have to mount it. That said, you probably won't notice much difference between ext4 and NTFS. A single virtual machine is not likely to push the limits of either filesystem.

If performance is a huge concern, you'll want to research filesystem benchmarking techniques. Phoronix has some information on such matters.

A side note:
The Gnome environment handles a lot of the details of volume mounting, but the mounts aren't persistent: after you reboot, the mount will be gone. For any sort of non-trivial usage (such as virtualization), you will want to mount your "D:\" drive with an /etc/fstab entry so it's mounted when the system starts up.


Equivalent to Windows' "Disk Space Fan"?

I think you are talking about disk usage analyzer which is already installed in your Ubuntu.


Error during startup: b43-phy0 unsupported phy

https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers/brcm80211

Looks like the wireless driver needs an updating


While investigating for a bug report, I found that gnome-screensaver for some unknown reason was running. The following workaround did the trick:

gnome-screensaver-command --exit && xscreensaver &

I'd like to emphasize that it's just a workaround, not an answer to why xscreensaver died nor how gnome-screensaver came to run.