Cannot change brightness setting using function buttons or using the brightness control bar on HP laptop

After a lot of searching on the net, I tried the  acpi_backlight=vendor  kernel option, and it worked! Not only for Ubuntu, but for other Linux OSes as well, so I am posting a guide.
Testing
Restart your system, and when you get to the GRUB menu, select your distribution (Ubuntu 13.04), don't press enter, but instead press e (to edit).
This will bring up your menu entry for editing.
Append to the line with starts with linux (and looks like linux /boot/linux3.9. ............
At the end of this line, leave a space and add acpi_backlight=vendor
so that it looks like
linux   /boot/vmlinuz-310-x86_64 root=UUID=3161dd63-38c0-44bc-bc1e-34b692209b0b ro acpi_backlight=vendor

After this press F10 to boot.
Now try changing the brightness. It works for me.
Making this permanent
To make the change permanent we need to edit the GRUB configuration file
In a terminal type
sudo -H gedit /etc/default/grub

This will open the Grub configuration file.
In this file we have to edit the line
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

to
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi_backlight=vendor"

After that save the file and run (type in the terminal)
sudo update-grub

to update the GRUB configuration file.
That's It! Now the brightness settings can be changed any time and will be persistent across reboots (at least for me!)
If anyone has queries please post them here.
Edit
Since Linux 3.16, the kernel by default uses the native backlight method, so the above steps could be redundant.
Source: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Backlight#Kernel_command-line_options


Ubuntu Studio default PulseAudio output device

For a number of reasons, this had to be temporarily removed for the Focal Fossa release cycle. We plan on bringing the feature back in a future version (which has been upstreamed). If you wish to have the latest version when it's ready, add the Ubuntu Studio Backports PPA.


I get this error: dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting: files list file for package `fonts-tlwg-kinnari' contains empty filename

This is a bug reported at launchpad.

The error shown will be either:

files list file for package '*' is missing final newline

Or:

files list file for package '*' contains an empty filename

Where * start is a random but steady "per install" package name.

Solution:

Donwload the .deb

sudo apt-get download fonts-tlwg-kinnari

Run this code

sudo dpkg -c /var/cache/apt/archives/fonts-tlwg-kinnari_1%3a0.5.1-3_all.deb  | awk '{if ($6 == "./") { print "/."; } \
else if (substr($6, length($6), 1) == "/") \
{print substr($6, 2, length($6) - 2); } \
else { print substr($6, 2, length($6) - 1);}}' > /var/lib/dpkg/info/fonts-tlwg-kinnari.list

You can read more at launchpad


Odd scrolling lag issue across multiple browsers - two windows open/video streaming

I'm experiencing something similar. When I open a second Firefox windows even typing any URL there is laggy.


How to install packages of bionic distribution in the new 20.04 Ubuntu version?

You have done the first part:

wget http://apt.nuxeo.org/nuxeo.key -O - | sudo apt-key add

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://apt.nuxeo.org/ bionic releases"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://apt.nuxeo.org/ bionic fasttracks"

So now the question is transformed to installation of ufRAW on 20.04 LTS.

mkdir -p ~/Downloads/ufraw
cd ~/Downloads/ufraw

wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/u/ufraw/ufraw-batch_0.22-3.1~build0.18.04.1_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/e/exiv2/libexiv2-14_0.25-3.1ubuntu0.18.04.5_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gtkimageview/libgtkimageview0_1.6.4+dfsg-2_amd64.deb

wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/u/ufraw/ufraw_0.22-3.1~build0.18.04.1_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install ./*.deb

and then you will be able to install Nuxeo with

sudo apt-get install nuxeo


For charms, published in the official charm store (https://jujucharms.com/), the revision number is chosen by the charm store when the charm is published (for the first time or when a new version is released). The charm store always picks an unique revision for each charm, and the contents of the "revision" file does not matter.
When deploying charms from a local repository (local charms), the revision file is honored by Juju, if possible. There can only be one charm with a given name and revision number in any Juju environment (i.e. inside the mongo state database). When deploying a local charm, Juju tries to respect the revision inside the charm, but if this won't be possible (i.e. when there already is a charm in the state DB with the same name and revision), the latest known revision is incremented and stored. The user is notified of the actual revision the charm was deployed with:

when using juju deploy from the CLI there is a message saying Added charm "local:<series>/<name>-<revision> to the environment (e.g. "local:precise/wordpress-123");
when using Juju GUI there will be a similar way to notify the user (this is under development right now).

So, going back to the question: a charm author is expected to keep their charm sources into a version control system somewhere, like on launchpad, bitbucket, github, etc. This is the proper way to maintain version information and keep all the history. The revision file inside the charm source does not guarantee uniqueness and does not provide a solid way to refer to a specific charm version (inside a single environment or across multiple environments using the same charm).


Second drive not allowing user accounts access

df -h

Copy the location where the drive is mounted. Then enter

sudo chmod -R 777 /mounted/on/location


What emulation mode for an epson printer is best?

Standard PCL3 should work without problems under linux, including duplex (I have one Samsung printer in this setup, because using SPL over the net didn't work right, it's B/W but duplex works fine).

But I don't know if the PCL3 support of this printer is really good or have some flaws. Trying before buying is really the best option when you bought from Epson.


Touchpad shortcut issues in Gnome 3.16 on Ubuntu 15.10

I have the same problem with GNOME on Arch Linux on my Latitude E7240. The touchpad is not disabled while typing and I'm unable to disable it with Fn + F5, although it shows HUD indicators that the touchpad was disabled/enabled it's always enabled.


Lenovo Laptop: Cannot change screen brightness

Try to add following line to /etc/default/grub

acpi_backlight=none

and then update the grub with following command

sudo update-grub


How to switch workspace with mouse wheel in GNOME Shell

Place the mouse pointer on Show Applications icon and scroll with the wheel:

Also, because of a bug (or maybe a feature) you can place the pointer in the very right edge of the Dock and then scroll. Maybe it's not very practical but it's an alternative too.


KDE provides a wonderful tool in systemsettings ("Startup and Shutdown" -> "Autostart") for managing your personal autostart services (in either of the .kde directories) however it doesn't cover systemwide autostart scripts provided by your distribution packages, or created by the gnome apps.

Sometimes however it can be useful to override your distribution autostart preferences, for example I don't like having the printer-applet running as I don't own a printer, but it seems a shame to uninstall it in case I need it.

The correct way to disable a package installed is actually to copy it to your personal autostart folder. Anything of the same name in ~/.kde/share/autostart and/or /usr/share/autostart/ (also can be ~/.kde4/Autostart) overrides the .desktop file in the default installations. Once we have copied the .desktop file we can make changes.
Add the following line to the .desktop file you have just copied:

Hidden=true

KDE also restores your session when you log in, so if psensor is running when you log out, it will be started up again when you log in. To change that, just close psensor (i.e. actually quit the program, don't just close the window). If psensor is not running when you log out, it should not start up again when you log back in.


You can install Boot-Repair to the Ubuntu on the disk as long as it is a persistent Ubuntu install, (mkusu).

Boot the disk open terminal and type:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

If you want a disk that boots Ubuntu and Boot-Repair separately try MultiBootUSB.


ubuntu 16.04 gparted resize root boot fails

I was able to find the answer using these 2 prior posts:
Repairing broken installation from Live USB without losing data

Repairing the FSTAB

The edit needed in fstab was to remove reference to the partition that I had deleted so I could increase size of root.  Hopefully no more problems.


Ubuntu Gnome 14.04.3 64bit Freezes on boot

DDR2 memory clock fixed at 200MHz in motherboard firmware BiOS CMOS setting solved my Random Screen Garble Freeze bug related to NViDiA graphics driver, without any graphics driver update :)

DDR2 memory clock = "Auto" = old default :-(
 DDR2 memory clock = "200MHz" = new fix :-)

motherboard = ASUS = M2N MX SE PLUS;
BiOS = version 602 AMi BiOS from ASUS;
NViDiA graphics chip = GeForce6150SE;
DDR2 = 4GB( 2GB+2GB ) Transcend

"Auto" setting in BiOS CMOS was defaulting to 400MHz DDR2 memory clock which used to randomly freeze & garble my display screen;

i gave up NViDiA driver update as it had many other issues like missing 1366x768 pixel option;

i used Ubuntu built-in xrandr & cvt for 1366x768 pixel screen setup, instead of using NViDiA graphics driver update ( just added the below 2 lines at the beginning of /etc/gdm/Init/Default text file:;

xrandr --newmode 1366 85.25 1368 1440 1576 1784 768 771 781 798

xrandr --addmode VGA-1 1366

i don't need NViDiA graphics driver update anymore


I use a Lenovo laptop and I haven't problems with Ubuntu. A official tutorial : http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/install-desktop-long-term-support

It's good to use official tutorial because It's very important to install correctly it.


Can't install Ubuntu Touch after installing Android in E4.5

Follow all the instructions here:

https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/phone/devices/installing-ubuntu-for-devices/

Let us know if it fails.


Every time I restart my computer, an app I use (Synergy) disappears. Running Ubuntu 12.04

It's a case of getting synergy to autostart after reboots. You're not the first to battle with synergy autostart; googling should bring up many results, and it's been answered here too. I've even blogged about it in the past for gdm3 under Debian. So, you're definitely not alone in your troubles!

In summary, getting it to start after you've logged on is just a case of adding the command (synergys/synergyc depending) with appropriate args to Session & Startup's autostart list. There's a little more work to get it autostarting at the point of login, since that's a separate invocation in a separate context, but typically it's just a case of adding the command to the appropriate display manager init file.

I used to have it autostarting on previous distros, but nowadays I just invoke it manually after logging in, since I reboot infrequently (and the repo version is relatively unstable, so I typically have to restart it periodically anyway).

A quick synergyc 192.168.x.x does the trick (for the client, obviously).


Does anyone know how to turn off laptop hotkeys in Ubuntu?

I also have that same keyboard. Your script works well under X11, but not Wayland, so I spent some more time on this. It turns out that the keyboard reports to the system as an Apple keyboard, even in Windows mode. Run lsusb and you'll see Apple as the vendor.

echo 0 | sudo tee /sys/module/hid_apple/parameters/fnmode

The above command changes the behavior of the K680T's function keys to what you'd expect. This will, of course, also affect real Apple keyboards.
You can also add something to modprobe.d to handle this automatically on boot. Make a file called /etc/modprobe.d/50-hid_apple.conf with the following contents:

options hid_apple fnmode=0

Update your initramfs and you should be good to go.


Windows 10 and Ubuntu 16.04 LTS dual boot problem

You can try to get your GRUB back instead of going with third party tools like EasyBCD.

First Disable Fast startup on your windows. To do so :

On your windows 10,

open command prompt as administrator and execute powercfg /h off

Now, Go to Control panel --> Power Options --> Choose what power buttons do (its on Left side) --> "Change Settings that are currently unavailable"

and remove the tick mark on "Fast startup"

This disables fast start up on windows (Which is mandatory on dualboot).

Now reboot.

you should see your Grub. nice and clean.

NOTE :

If you have already tried EasyBCD you may have messed up your boot loaders. If so do this:

Go to your Multi-boot manager during startup ( On HP notebooks Keep pressing f9 as soon as you power on your machine, f12 on Dell notebooks ) and manually boot to Ubuntu.

OR

Restart after doing the above steps. Go to your BIOS.

Go to boot section and Under Boot loaders (Or similar) and bring the "Ubuntu on HDxxxx" option above Windows boot manager.

OR

Now reinstall grub by running the following commands :

sudo update-grub
sudo grub-install /dev/sda
sudo update-grub

Thats it.


Try Kate.

  Kate is a multi-document editor.  Choose it for viewing HTML sources,
  editing configuration files, writing new applications or any other
  text editing task. You still need just one running instance of Kate.

  With a multi-view editor like Kate you get a lot of advantages. You
  can view several instances of the same document and all instances are
  synchronized. Or you can view more files at the same time for easy
  reference or simultaneous editing.1

To install kate, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install kate

1Source:Kate


A missing proprietary Graphics card driver may be missing.

Search for "jockey" in the Dash, then open Additional Drivers.  Find your Graphics card driver (AMD/ATI or nVIDIA) and install it.


How do I find the creation time of a file?

There is a way to know the creation date of a directory , just follow these steps :

Know the inode of the directory by ls -i command (lets say for example its X)
Know on which partition your directory is saved  by df -T /path command ( lets say its on  /dev/sda1 )
Now use this command : sudo debugfs -R 'stat <X>' /dev/sda1

You will see in the output :

crtime: 0x4e81cacc:966104fc -- mon Sep 27 14:38:28 2013

crtime  is the creation date of your file .

What I tested :

Created a directory at specific time .
Accessed it .
Modified it by creating a file .
I tried the command and it gave an exact time .
Then i modify it , and test again , the crtime remained  the same ,
but modify and access time changed .


Re-installed 16.04 last night with one big change.  Found out that my router was set for 802.11n only.  Reset it to allow older connections and wifi worked just fine.


The simple solution will be using python os.system

import os
os.system("return_process 12345 123.zip vv 1")

python os docs


It's perfectly normal - those are the numbers you press with the Super button to open the corresponding app.

But it staying for 20 minutes - I guess it is a bug. But nothing serious, so you shouldn't worry unless it repeats.


Bash script generating image from video with specific title in subdirs

There's a problem with for i in */*.mp4: you can't loop over files in subdirectories like this (try it: for i in */*.mp4; do echo $i; done , this only prints */*.mp4).

For a case like this, there's no way around find.

One liner solution with find:

find /your/base/directory -type f -iname "*.mp4" -execdir /usr/bin/ffmpeg -i "{}" -r 1 -f image2 -vframes 1 -s 640x360 -ss 0:0:30 image.jpg \;


Is there a juju PostGIS charm out there?

There currently is no official PostGIS charm. However I was able to find this:

http://code.scenzgrid.org/index.php/p/jujucharms/source/tree/f906376d2ecba34e82e15b1e558e1b9e3c4d4ea1/postgis/precise/postgis/README

I've mailed the author and asked him to submit it to the Juju Charm store. You can probably grab that charm by hand and either deploy it or derive from it to create a more complete charm.


Where can I find the mount point for SMB shares in 13.04?

In 13.04, gvfs user-mounts are moved to the /run filesystem

/run/user/<username>/gvfs

see Why do my gvfs mounts not show up under ~/.gvfs or /run/user/<login>/gvfs?

[not flagged as duplicate because the answers there are unclear]

If you want to keep the old links / scripts etc., just do

rmdir ~/.gvfs/
ln -s /run/user/<username>/gvfs ~/.gvfs

Update: gvfs has been deprecated, use 'gio mount' instead. Now smb mounts are located on $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/gvfs.


Should I backup some files if I upgrade 12.04 to 14.04 ?

A lot of settings are stored in the hidden folders and files (names starting with ., use Ctrl+H to see them) in your home directory, so I'd make a backup of your home directory. Furthermore, with dpkg-query -l > ~/dpkg-list.txt, you save a list of the programs you installed. You can use it to reinstall these programs after you installed 14.04 on a clean disk/partition.

On the other hand, I believe you can simply update to 14.04 by means of the Update Manager without having to worry about the home directory and packages.

This question is a duplicate of http://askubuntu.com/questions/110477/how-do-i-upgrade-to-a-newer-version-of-ubuntu by the way.


I fixed it.

Install Ubuntu Tweak
Run Ubuntu Tweak
Navigate to System File Type Manager
Select All
Double click on Folder
Select Nautalus

The problem was Folder was assigned to wine and not the file manager. I had tried changing this by right clicking on the Folder and using Open With but it didn't help. karthick87's answer gave me the idea to try Ubuntu Tweak.


Remove subdirectories with same name from different directories at same level

You can use find:
find /home -maxdepth 2 -type d -name Downloads -exec rm -r {} +


Fedora's default install uses LVM. Some with multiple booting suggest not to use the LVM as the advantages of LVM are best when entire drive is LVM.

But Ubuntu does not include LVM driver by default. And mount Fedora partition and then run the update grub.

sudo apt-get install lvm2
sudo vgchange -a y
sudo update-grub


How to start applications such as xcompmgr at start up?

First create the autostart folder if it doesnt already exist:

mkdir -p ~/.config/autostart

Then create a xcompmgr desktop file

lxshortcut -o ~/.config/autostart/xcompmgr.desktop

logout and login.

N.B. this picture shows what the xcompmgr.desktop file contains as well how to confirm xcompmgr is running.


Open Terminal and run the following command first to allow custom alpha values for Ubuntu dock

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock customize-alphas true

Then run the following to set the minimum alpha value (i.e. when a window is not maximised or touching the top-bar or dock)

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock min-alpha 0

Finally, if you want, run the following to set the maximum alpha value (i.e. when a window is maximised)

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock max-alpha 0

Then log out and log in again.


Hard Drive overheating on ubuntu, not on windows

Here's the solution:
laptop-mode-tools is controlling power management for your hard drive, and you need to configure it appropriately for your situation.
Open /etc/laptop-mode/laptop-mode.conf for editing with root privileges, and around line 276 (on Ubuntu 12.04), change this value to 600
NOLM_HD_IDLE_TIMEOUT_SECONDS=7200
This is the amount of time before your drive is told to "spin down" or idle on AC power. 10 minutes with no read/write activity is reasonable.
And around lines 290-291 (on Ubuntu 12.04), change both these values to 1:
LM_AC_HD_POWERMGMT=254
NOLM_AC_HD_POWERMGMT=254
These set the power management level granted to the drive, with 1 being "full" power management, and 254 being "almost zero" power management. The latter setting is the reason for your temperatures, because you can set the level, but how the drive manages power at a level is entirely up to it -- it completely depends on the implementation in the drive's firmware, and can vary by model, manufacturer, etc.
With the changes, we are now telling the drive to perform the same power management it does while on battery (which is satisfactory for you). This is different from simply allowing the drive to spindown while on AC (as in @EliahKagan's answer), because that would still leave the drive's power management set to near zero at level 254.
How to determine power management level
To find out the current level, while on battery, AC, or any other situation:
sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep Advanced (replace sda appropriately)
Source and credits: Hard drive overheats when laptop running on AC power


With the read builtin of the bash shell, you can use the -e option to enable readline support. From help read:

-e     use Readline to obtain the line in an interactive shell

For example

read -ep "Please enter some text: "

I'm not aware of any way to do that with a cat here-document.


Download Power ISO from https://www.poweriso.com/download-poweriso-for-linux.htm
Extract the .tar.gz file
Go to the extracted folder
Open the terminal and change the directory to the installed folder destination
type ./poweriso.sh


How to run Android studio on ubuntu 17.04?

You need to install at least one SDK

Click on configure and select SDK Manager. Select one sdk and install


sudo apt-get update get error in ubuntu 14.04

My sticky small suggestion is that you may use Synaptic Package Manager for that. Open Synaptic Package Manager -click Settings-click Repositories-Software Sources-in the first tab tick all options including Source Code-Main Server.
Remaining all Tabs options you may ticked it out and click close option.
Now Click on Reload option. It will download repository first. When it completed you may choose your package which you want to download and install with Mark for Installation option.

If you are working with Proxy Server Internet then you need to specify the settings in Preferences option.


how to match a file extension name in a file

Sounds like I would use egrep for this, but you will have to change the format of your extlist file to use pipe characters ("|") instead of line breaks.

for f in $(find . -type f | egrep -i '\.(exe|lnk|inf)$')
do
    mv $f destination
done


Setting up dual monitors with integrated graphics

Are you using the System->Preferences->Monitors applet?  Or from a command line;

$ gnome-display-properties

That applet has a button "Detect monitors" and a checkbox for "Same image in all monitors".

Also, you have the laptop lid closed while connected to the two monitors?


Welcome to AskUbuntu. hdiutil is a proprietary software developed by US software company Apple, it does not run on Linux.

You can use ccd2iso for the reverse conversion; first install it:

sudo apt-get install ccd2iso

And then run it:

ccd2iso ~/home/antu/target.img ~/home/antu/ubuntu.iso


ssh connection timed out in Ubuntu Desktop 14.04

First of all, never post your real external IP address like that on the Internet. It is a very bad idea and adds no value to answering your question.

Since you mention that you can connect locally but not externally, that means that this is a networking issue. Your connection is working when it never leaves the network, but when you try to connect from the outside it is blocked. The question is where it's blocked, most likely it's on your server, but I'm not sure.

You can try disabling UFW completely (temporarily), if it doesn't help turn it back on. You can try switching to another port on the SSH daemon (such as 443 which is usually used for SSL) in case your ISP is blocking port 22.

To be honest though, your question doesn't really make a lot of sense and you need to troubleshoot more on your own; you say that it worked previously before switching to Ubuntu Desktop (on the server?) -- this would indicate that there cannot be a network issue (such as the SSH port being blocked) because it has worked in the past, and it is very likely to be a configuration error on the server. You mention that it works internally, so maybe the SSHD is configured to only accept local connections, or the firewall is misconfigured to only allow local SSH connections?


Skype installation warning about harm to computer

Usually, if there is not a really good reason, one should only install software from the official Ubuntu repositories.

That said, skype is one of the cases, that this rule has to be broken, because it is not in the official *verse repos. But you are lucky, because Skype is one of the few proprietary applications, that are available in the official Partner repository. To enable it, open software sources and check the partner repo on the third party sources tab. Then reload package information (for instance by running 'sudo apt-get update'  in a terminal), and Skype should be available in software center (or any other package manager frontend like synaptic or aptitude).


Printer not recognized on Ubuntu Libre Office

On behalf of OP:

I have solved the problem myself!!!

I forgot to run hp-setup 192.168.1.102 as requred by Hplip!!!!!


Is there a simple way to get Django 1.2.* (latest stable) installed?

Django 1.2 is included in Maverick Meerkat (still under development), but it appears that an unofficial backport of it exists in a PPA.

I haven't tested the package, but it appears to be a simple rebuild of what's in maverick.

An official backport to lucid has been requested & will hopefully happen sometime soon.


How to mount FakeRAID to /home of a new system?

During the install process, choose manual partitioning, and set the raid drive ( it will be named /dev/mapper/something ) to be mounted at /home, and do NOT check the format box.


After some experimentation I could  implement the workaround.

If you create a new Exchange account, the resource name is the default name for the account. If not, you can use the akonadiconsole to retrieve the resource name:

With the resource name, you can add a password entry in kwallet for "akonadi-ews" using the resource name and append "rc". For example a resource "akonadi_ews_resource_0" gets an entry "akonadi_ews_resource_0rc":

If you create a password like this, it is saved and used by KMail/Kontact.

(Sorry for the german locale in the screenshots, I hope the intention is clear.)


I noticed such issues in the past which is to be frankly honest not related to the OS itself but the support of the hardware to that OS

for example I had earlier an unsupported graphics card and after playing around with the configurations made the CPU doesn't sleep on idle thus making the fan spins all the time yet doesn't cool down especially when working in warm environment.

Being a thinkpad user didn't hurt much, but still its not a solution to have external pad that include fans to cool down your PC.

My recommendation is having full list of your hardware and comparing the support of each vendor and its drivers then if the problem still exists.

Last experience also if your CPU configured to max out always and do not work on demand this could be a problem of overheating, look at Jupiter or similar apps that could help you achieve that


Changing totem subtitle downloder folder

If Totem/plugin does not provide such an option in Preferences, etc. you can do this by creating a custom folder anywhere you like (e.g. mkdir ~/Videos/Subtitles) and then, having Totem closed, you can create a symbolic link like this:

rmdir ~/.cache/totem/subtitles
ln -s ~/Videos/Subtitles ~/.cache/totem/subtitles


How do i fix the buttons close minimize maximize?

Are you using unity or gnome shell? because in gnome shell you get no minimize/maximize buttons by default.

If you are using gnome shell, install gnome-tweak-tool. There will be options in there.


How can I go away from root user in ubuntu?

You can alway switch users with su. simply use
su <username>


No, there is currently no place where you can buy a pre-made kubuntu live-USB. The closest thing is for regular Ubuntu. Check out what @Rinzwind said in the comment below the original question. Canonical shop Ubuntu Live USB

No. Only Ubuntu shop.canonical.com/index.php?cPath=17 – Rinzwind

You can always burn your own USB drive from a Kubuntu ISO, though.


1 - Press Alt+F2

2 - Search for gconf-editor

3 - Once opened click on Apps > Nautilus > Desktop

4 - Untick Volumes Visible


Can not download Ubuntu Iso file because the are recognised as virus

Download the ISO file only from the Official Ubuntu site.
Try disabling your anti-virus software until the download finishes since it may be wrongly detecting the ISO file as a virus.


When I type in terminal: export JDK_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun/", where does it get stored?

export only stores that variable in RAM. The export keyword just tells your shell to copy that into the environment of any new programs that it runs.

If you want it to be permanent, add that line to the end of ~/.bashrc


System Freezes when logging in after chosing Intel iGPU in NVIDIA settings

I am on similar hardware (ASUS UX501vw) and am having the same issue, but am currently using a workaround.

Workaround:
When you boot up make sure your laptop is not plugged into power. Somehow the driver is not booting properly when on power. When your all booted up AND logged in to your 16.10 plug back in the power and proceed as if nothing had happened... :D.


Unable to log into desktop environment after nvidia driver install

The issue you are likely having is that your change to the nvidia drivers has made your computer unable to render the desktop environment once you log in. This having been said, you will need to login in order to revert the change. So you will need to log into a tty instead of the GUI.

To get into a tty use the keyboard shortcut: ctrl+alt+F1

This will bring you to an environment that is essentially the terminal you open within the Desktop Enivornment (usually gnome-terminal). You will be asked to log in, supplying both your username and password, and then be presented with whatever default shell you have configured, usually bash by default.

You are then going to want to undo your changes, likely by executing:

sudo apt-get remove nvidia-current

I would also suggest removing the ppa you added by running:

sudo apt-add-repository --remove ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates

I would strongly suggest, should this fix your problem, that once you're logged into your normal desktop environment, that you use the "Additional Drivers" GUI program to try and install the correct drivers for your nvidia GPU.


Why it takes much longer to install 18.04 LTS than 18.10?

Ubuntu 18.10 was officially release a few days ago. There's not as many updates to download when installing 18.10 as there are for 18.04. Your mileage may vary when installing Ubuntu depending on the mirror that is serving the updates.


I know your question has already been answered, but if you want, for quick reference, these are the commands to install the latest version of Bluefish (using Terminal):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:klaus-vormweg/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bluefish


How to get all the packages that "conflict" with a specific package?

The output of apt show … lists Conflicts, Breaks and Replaces:

This is part of the output I see with apt show plasma-desktop in Kubuntu 18.04

Recommends: bluedevil, breeze-gtk-theme, fonts-noto, fonts-oxygen, kde-config-gtk-style, kde-config-screenlocker, kde-config-sddm, kde-style-oxygen-qt5, kgamma5, khelpcenter, khotkeys, kinfocenter, kio-extras, kmenuedit, kscreen, ksshaskpass, ksysguard, kwin-x11 | kwin, kwrited, libpam-kwallet5, plasma-discover, plasma-pa, powerdevil, sni-qt, systemsettings, user-manager
Conflicts: kde-workspace-bin, kde-workspace-data, plasma-widget-kimpanel
Breaks: baloo-kf5 (<< 5.5), kactivities (<< 5.21), kde-config-touchpad (<< 4:5), plasma-dataengines-addons (<< 4:5.8.3), plasma-desktop-data (<< 4:5.3.2-0ubuntu1~), plasma-desktop-dev (<< 4:5.0.2-0ubuntu1~ubuntu14.10~ppa8), plasma-widgets-addons (<< 4:5.6.0~), qml-module-org-kde-activities (<< 5.26.0)
Replaces: baloo-kf5 (<< 5.5), kactivities (<< 5.21), kde-config-touchpad (<< 4:5), kde-workspace-bin, kde-workspace-data, plasma-dataengines-addons (<< 4:5.8.3), plasma-desktop-data (<< 4:5.3.2-0ubuntu1~), plasma-desktop-dev (<< 4:5.0.2-0ubuntu1~ubuntu14.10~ppa8), plasma-widget-kimpanel, plasma-widgets-addons (<< 4:5.6.0~), qml-module-org-kde-activities (<< 5.26.0)


I am able to resolve the issue using below commands.

The following commands are used for generating a key value pair using SSH. Copy the public keys form id_rsa.pub to authorized_keys, and provide the owner with read and write permissions to authorized_keys file respectively.

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
$ chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys


i would try iwconfig to see whats going on


Can't add intermediate cert to ca-certificates.crt via /usr/local/share/ca-certificates

Works for me. Did you install the certificate in /usr/local/share/ca-certificates with suffix .crt? This is the part in the update-ca-certificates script, which adds certs from LOCALCERTSDIR:

if [ -d "$LOCALCERTSDIR" ]
then
  find -L "$LOCALCERTSDIR" -type f -name '*.crt' | sort | while read crt
  do
    add "$crt"
  done
fi

You might want to check if LOCALCERTSDIR is set to the /usr/local/share/ca-certificates directory. After running update-ca-certificates I got a link from /etc/ssl/certs/xyz.pem to $LOCALCERTSDIR/xyz.crt and its content has been added to the /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt. Hope this helps!


Is it possible to have just opened apps on top in launcher? If so, how?

No, however, folders may be an excellent option for you: http://www.webupd8.org/2012/08/add-stacks-to-unity-launcher-with.html


You may want to take a look at This and also This

To download Ubuntu Mini Remix 12.04 Click Here

  Customization

  To modify Ubuntu Mini Remix, download a customization utility, such as
  UCK, Customizer or Reconstructor. UCK and Customizer are free,
  open-source disk image customizers, while Reconstructor costs $5 for
  unlimited use, as of September 2011. These programs work by extracting
  the contents of the live CD, then allowing you to add programs and
  other information. When you finish, the customization utility repacks
  the live CD, allowing you to run Ubuntu Mini Remix directly from it or
  install the OS to your computer.

Source: http://www.ehow.com/info_12080100_ubuntu-mini-remix.html


How to get rid off Grey bar in Libre Office?

If you want to remove all these grey things simultanously:

Copy one of these grey bars.
Press Ctrl+H
On the appeared window of Find - Replace paste the grey bar to the space for "Find"
On the space for "Replace" just type an empty space with Space button.
Press on the button "Replace All"


Keyboard layout changed (13.10/ Asus Q301L)

Is very likely that you need to turn off Num Lock on the external keyboard.

I had this very problem. When I plugged the external keyboard in, the num lock was on, and cused those keys to believe they were part of a number pad (which this particular model doesn't have). Even after I unplugged the keyboard, the setting of the numlock stayed, causing those keys to continue to output the wrong characters. It wasn't until I plugged the keyboard back in and turned off the numlock that keys reverted to their normal state.


Have you installed previous Skype in your Ubuntu ?
If so please remove it first before you install 4.0 version.
I forgot the script but it's easy to find those script in Google or tutorials.


You have defined plain variables, not aliases.

The alias definitions in bash must start with the keyword alias, so make the definitions as:

alias eclipse="eclipse </dev/null &>/dev/null &"
alias okular="okular </dev/null &>/dev/null &"
alias libre="libreoffice </dev/null &>/dev/null &"


"Not enough Space" But Installed Ubuntu 20.04 on a 172 gb Partition. Can Someone Help Me

As it seems that the disk on which you install has enough space, it must be the installation media that suffers from a defect.
Check the integrity of the installation media.


If you are going to use MS Exchange mailboxes , evolution is the mail client. Thats the pro for evolution.

If you are using IMAP, POP accounts, thunderbird is better. Thunderbird also has an addon for the osd notifications. It is faster than evolution in retrieving emails and you get a lot of useful addons with thunderbird . Plus , in evolution, tables created in ms outlook are not shown. I think evolution does not read them but thunderbird does.

So my vote goes for Thunderbird.


Ubuntu server 12.04 LTS: Internet connection not working, have tried forum fixes

To me sounds like cable problem.  Other problems could be port plugged into on  either the switch or the computer has a problem.  Final cause might be the ethernet card.

Is your ethernet card support by the version of 12.04 LTS?  Be sure to try the latest revision 12.04.2 LTS to be sure.


Can't load Windows 8 on dual boot with Ubuntu

Here are some key points (out of order) from your Boot Repair output:

/dev/sda1    *          2,048   669,571,071   669,569,024   7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS

In other words, Windows is on /dev/sda1. There are other lines that confirm this, including the next ones, which are important for other reasons....

sda1: __________________________________________________________________________

    File system:       ntfs
    Boot sector type:  Grub2 (v1.99-2.00)

In other words, GRUB is installed in the boot sector of /dev/sda1, your Windows partition. This is highly irregular at best, and really is the source of the problem; but to complete the loop, as it were....

menuentry 'Windows 8 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)' --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-chain-B6F60302F602C29B' {
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod ntfs
    set root='hd0,msdos1'

This fragment of your GRUB configuration confirms that GRUB is trying to launch the boot loader on /dev/sda1 (hd0,msdos1 in GRUB-speak) for Windows. Ordinarily this would work, but because that partition holds GRUB instead of the Windows boot loader, you end up in the endless loop you describe.

Chances are this problem arose because you told Ubuntu to install GRUB to /dev/sda1 at some point. This was a mistake, but if you did this through the Ubuntu installer, it's arguably a bug that the installer accepted this location, which it could (and arguably should) detect as an invalid option and refuse to accept, or at least warn you of the danger. If you think this is what happened, you should probably file a bug report to encourage changes that would prevent this sort of thing from happening to others (or to yourself!) in the future.

As to fixing it, I'm afraid that you'll have to use Windows tools for this job. I'm not an expert on repairing Windows in this way, so unless somebody else chimes in with details, you may do well to post to a Windows forum. The key is that you need to restore the Partition Boot Record (PBR) for the first partition. Ideally, you do not want to touch the Master Boot Record (MBR); however, there's a good chance that your Windows repair will replace the MBR as well as the PBR. If this happens, you'll need to run Boot Repair again to re-install GRUB to the MBR.


How do I make the public folder not appear in the home folder of new accounts?

Preventing the creation of content folders

As you may have noticed, Ubuntu has a few "special" folders for certain types of content.

These will appear in new user accounts, and auto-recreate (in certain situations) for existing users. However, this behavior can be configured.

For new users

Open /etc/xdg/user-dirs.defaults in your preferred text editor, with administrator privileges. You will see something close to this:

XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Desktop"
XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$HOME/Downloads"
XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/Templates"
XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR="$HOME/Public"
XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="$HOME/Documents"
XDG_MUSIC_DIR="$HOME/Music"
XDG_PICTURES_DIR="$HOME/Pictures"
XDG_VIDEOS_DIR="$HOME/Videos"

This is a system description of the default content folders to create for new users. If you replace any directory here with the home folder, new users will not have that folder created on first login.

For example, to prevent new users from getting a Public folder:

XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR="$HOME"

For existing users

Use the same process as above, but edit the  .config/user-dirs.dirs in the user's home folder instead. This method does not require administrative privileges, and will prevent content directories from being recreated after user deletion.

Technical reading

The XDG User Directories specification
"How can I change the default location of content directories in my home folder?"


I had the similar problem two months ago with ubuntu 14.04 after an update. My PC is running a nvidia geforce 7300 gs. Not exactly the same card as yours, but maybe the solution I applied will work for you as well.
I uninstalled nvidia-304 driver and installed the nvidia-173. This is not a perfect solution, because I still encountered some minor issues, namely while switching to another account, and sometimes I need to login twice to enter my session.

Before login, go to a terminal (CTRL-ALT-F1), login and execute the following commands:

sudo apt-get remove nvidia-304
sudo apt-get install nvidia-173


How to uninstall Dissenter Browser in Kubuntu

The Dissenter Browser was shipped as snap. To remove it use command below:
snap remove dissenter-browser

If you are sure that it was installed as deb-package - use:
sudo apt-get remove dissenter-browser


how to quick input current date & time with a quick word?

In this post:

Introduction
QuickPhrase_Time.py script
xclip shortcut

1.Introduction

The plugin to which OP refers to, is QuickPhrase and can be installed via sudo apt-get install fcitx-modules fcitx-module-quickphrase-editor. It uses ~/.config/fcitx/data/QuickPhrase.mb to store phrases.

The main objective here is to have easy way of inserting a string which contains current time into text filed that user is currently editing. Below there are two solutions.

2. QuickPhrase_Time.py script

This script continuously edits the line in config file which has time_now
phrase , and appends current time to the line. This script is meant to be launched automatically on login to GUI.

Usage is simple:

 python /path/to/QuickPhrase_Timer.py

Script source

Also available as Github Gist , updated versions likely will go there.

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import subprocess
import time
import os

def run_cmd(cmdlist):
    """ Reusable function for running external commands """
    new_env = dict( os.environ )
    new_env['LC_ALL'] = 'C'
    try:
        stdout = subprocess.check_output(cmdlist,env=new_env)
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
        pass
    else:
        if stdout:
            return stdout

if __name__ == '__main__':
    user_home = os.path.expanduser('~')
    config_file = '.config/fcitx/data/QuickPhrase.mb'
    config_full_path = os.path.join(user_home,config_file)
    found = None

    while True:
         lines = []
         time.sleep(1)
         with open(config_full_path) as f:
              for line in f:
                  lines.append(line.strip())
                  if line.startswith('time_now'):
                      found = True
         # print(lines)
         if found:
             with open(config_full_path,'w') as f:
                  for line in lines:
                      if line.startswith('time_now'):
                         time_now = run_cmd(['date',
                                             '+%Y-%m-%d %I:%M'
                                             ]).decode().strip()
                         line = 'time_now ' + time_now + '\n'
                      else:
                         line = line + '\n'
                      f.write(line)

3. xclip shortcut

In case the above python script won't work for you, here's a workaround: bind the command below to a keyboard shortcut

xclip -sel clip <<< $( date +%Y-%m-%d\ %I:%M )

Essentially, what this does is copies output of date to your clipboard, which you can then release via Ctrl+V shortcut ( which is common for most applications as paste shortcut).

This approach doesn't rely on fctix or any other input method, hence is more flexible and reliable.

Note that xclip is not installed by default. Obtain it via sudo apt-get install xclip


This is a common problem in ubuntu 15.04 dsl connection.

One solution is to re-install the pppoe package as follows:

sudo apt-get install pppoe

And choose default.

Let me know if this solution not solved your problem.


I did it this way:

Install yubikey-manager:
sudo apt install yubikey-manager

Plug your yubikey inside the USB port

Add the yubikey

Finally:
$ ykman config usb --disable otp  # for Yubikey version > 4
Disable OTP.
Configure USB interface? [y/N]: y

I had a Yubikey 4 and for this version, the above command did not work:
Error: Configuring applications is not supported on this YubiKey. Use the `mode` command to configure USB interfaces.

Just do:
$ ykman mode FIDO+CCID  # for Yubikey version == 4
Set mode of YubiKey to FIDO+CCID? [y/N]: y
Mode set! You must remove and re-insert your YubiKey for this change to take effect.


USB port information (free or occupied) can be shown by:

$ sudo lshw | grep -i -B5 -A3 'logical name: usb'

or

$ sudo lshw | grep -i -B4 -A3 'usb@'

Which shows output including (not taken on an RPi):
bus info: usb@3
bus info: usb@4
bus info: usb@4:1
bus info: usb@1
bus info: usb@1:1
bus info: usb@1:1.2
bus info: usb@1:1.4
bus info: usb@2
bus info: usb@2:1
bus info: usb@2:1.5


Dash to dock has stopped working on Ubuntu 19.04

Unfortunately it looks like there is not any official solution available now, but it is a reported bug of the new version fo gnome-shell (3.31/3.32). I guess we would need to wait for an update, or use the previous version of gnome-shell.


PPTP VPN not working on Ubuntu 15.04, but works on Ubuntu 14.04/10

This seems to be a known bug: https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=733296

There are hints as how to work-around that in the comments, starting at comment #4


Floating point exception (core dumped) while opening Packet Tracer

You may try to install Microsoft fonts, see instruction under the link below:
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Microsoft_fonts


how to solve myqli.so ,cannot open shared object file

You have to reinstall the package for this library depending on your Ubuntu version:
sudo apt-get install --reinstall php7.0-mysql # for 16.04 LTS
sudo apt-get install --reinstall php7.2-mysql # for 18.04 LTS
sudo apt-get install --reinstall php7.4-mysql # for 20.04 LTS and 20.10


Is it possible to use a NAS synology with the rsnapshot tool via rsync?

Synology NAS systems do support backups via rsnyc.

Just follow the manual:

https://www.synology.com/en-global/knowledgebase/DSM/tutorial/Backup/How_to_back_up_Linux_computer_to_Synology_NAS

If you encounter another error, please post the error message.


HP ProBook 855 G2 wireless problem in 12.04

After searching further, the solution for my laptop in particular was to put the option msi=1 in the rtl8723be.conf file. Just to summarize the whole steps:

Pull the repository at https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new from
a working computer and copy it to a USB stick.
In the computer to be fixed, load stick and cd to folder. Then run:

make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe rtl8723be

At this point, the wireless network will be enabled, but it won't
find any APs to connect with. Adding msi=1 to rtl8723be.conf fixed this problem:

echo "options rtl8723 msi=1" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf

I guess different laptop models need different driver parameters, even though the wireless card is the same.

Note: the driver may break after some software upgrades, in which case just repeat step 2.


Problem in switching from PL/SQL Developer to SQL Developer

If the queries are simple, just Click on Views -> Connections. Navigate to your desired  table and double click on it. From this window you can edit the data.

FWIW PL/SQL Developer runs fine on WINE as well.


Open XFCE Terminal Window and Run command in same Window

Use -c option for bash command to wrap multiple commands, like this:

$ bash -c "ls /var/log/apt; bash"
history.log    history.log.4.gz  term.log.10.gz  term.log.5.gz
history.log.10.gz  history.log.5.gz  term.log.11.gz  term.log.6.gz
history.log.11.gz  history.log.6.gz  term.log.12.gz  term.log.7.gz
history.log.12.gz  history.log.7.gz  term.log.1.gz   term.log.8.gz
history.log.1.gz   history.log.8.gz  term.log.2.gz   term.log.9.gz
history.log.2.gz   history.log.9.gz  term.log.3.gz
history.log.3.gz   term.log      term.log.4.gz
username@hostname:~$

Then, use that bash command in xfce4-terminal command, like this:

xfce4-terminal -e 'bash -c "ls /var/log/apt; bash"' -T "Run and ready"

whereby the options: -e to run the commands, -T to set the title.

As a result, the terminal does not close and ready with a new prompt.


Don't Uninstall, reformat the partition
Firstly you don't "uninstall" Ubuntu 16.10 or Kali-Linux, you simply reformat the partition they are sitting in. Most people would probably use NTFS (Windows format) but you can use ext4 for Linux if you like.
NTFS has the advantage as it can be written to and read by both Windows and Linux. ext4 can only be read and written by Linux unless extraordinary steps are taken in Windows with the possibility of data corruption.
You can reformat the partitions in gparted or a number of other programs.
Finding what the partitions are
There are a few ways of discovering the correct partitions to reformat.
Using lsblk to reveal partition device name
If when you installed Ubuntu 16.10 and Kali Linux you gave the partitions a label they would be revealed with the lsblk command:
$ lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,LABEL,MOUNTPOINT,SIZE,MODEL
NAME         FSTYPE LABEL            MOUNTPOINT   SIZE MODEL
sr0                                              1024M DVD+/-RW DW316
sda                                             931.5G HGST HTS721010A9
├─sda4       ntfs   WINRETOOLS                    450M
├─sda2                                            128M
├─sda5       ntfs   Image                        11.4G
├─sda3       ntfs   HGST_Win10       /mnt/d       919G
└─sda1       vfat   ESP                           500M
nvme0n1                                           477G Samsung SSD 960 PRO 512GB
├─nvme0n1p5  ntfs                                 858M
├─nvme0n1p3                                        16M
├─nvme0n1p1  ntfs                                 450M
├─nvme0n1p8  ntfs   Shared_WSL+Linux /mnt/e         9G
├─nvme0n1p6  ext4   New_Ubuntu_16.04 /           23.7G
├─nvme0n1p4  ntfs   NVMe_Win10       /mnt/c     363.2G
├─nvme0n1p10 ext4   Ubuntu_18.04     /mnt/clone  27.2G
├─nvme0n1p2  vfat                    /boot/efi     99M
├─nvme0n1p9  swap                    [SWAP]       7.9G
└─nvme0n1p7  ext4   Old_Ubuntu_16.04 /mnt/old    44.6G

Imagine I wanted to reformat the partitions Ubuntu 18.04 and Old_Ubuntu_16.04 I would reference them as /dev/nvme0n1p10 and /dev/nvme0n1p7 within gparted or any other partition formatting program. Of course they would likely display the LABEL as well so using lsblk might be unnecessary.
Mount the partition and read /etc/lsb-release
From your terminal (of your currently booted Ubuntu) type:
$ cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=16.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=xenial
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 16.04.5 LTS"

We can repeat this command (with minor modification) on every partition after mounting it.
Mount partition
Some people probably find it very easy to mount partitions but I wrote a script for it. I run sudo mount-menu.sh and get this selection screen:

Your Ubuntu 16.10 and Kali partitions will probably be FSTYPE of ext4. They will definitely not be ntfs or vfat. For this example I'll pick nvme0n1p10 to see what distribution is installed there (yes we can already guess it is Ubuntu 18.04).
Use the Down Arrow key to highlight it and press Enter. The menu will clear and you are left with a message in your terminal:
=====================================================================
Mount Device:  /dev/nvme0n1p10
Mount Name:    /mnt/mount-menu.jcXDv
File System:   ext4
ID:            Ubuntu
RELEASE:       16.04
CODENAME:      xenial
DESCRIPTION:   Ubuntu 16.04.5 LTS
 Size  Used Avail Use%
  27G  9.4G   16G  38%

Mounted partition's /etc/lsb-release
Now we can repeat the command from the last section with a minor modification:
$ cat /mnt/mount-menu.jcXDv/etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=16.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=xenial
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 16.04.5 LTS"

Yes I know it looks wrong but I cloned my Ubuntu 16.04 over to the 18.04 partition recently to test Ubuntu's 16.04 to 18.04 upgrade process (it's a hobby of mine).
Unmount the partition
The next step is to unmount the partition. I also wrote a script to do that sudo umount-menu.sh:

Highlight the partition you mounted in the last step and press Enter.
The menu will clear and a message will be display:
=====================================================================

/dev/nvme0n1p10 mounted on /mnt/mount-menu.jcXDv unmounted.

You can find both scripts here: Unable to read files between two distros


Error while downloading HTTPS files using wget

In order to use the https protocol you will have to add the --secure-protocol=protocol option. The protocol argument can be one of:

auto
SSLv2
SSLv3
TLSv1

There are also further related options like --no-check-certificate telling wget to not check server's certificate and many more.

This will prompt for password

wget --user=username --ask-password --no-check-certificate https://foo.bar.com

In this you will have to provide the password

wget --user=username --password --no-check-certificate https://foo.bar.com

Source: GNU Wget manual


How to enable Multiviews in Ubuntu 12.10

The full quote is:

  Multiview - Support content-negotiated multiviews; this option is disabled by  default for security reasons. See the Apache2 documentation on this option.

After following the link and also have a look at the option statement it should become clear that you can use something like the following example in your apache or virtual host configuration.

<Directory /web/docs>
 Options +MultiViews
</Directory>


How to completely disable English(US) keyboard so that switcher doesn't notice it?

The problem was that Keyboard Input Method System was not set to "none" inside the Unity Language Support preferences panel.  Changing that made the chooser go away across all window and login managers.


How to make apache tomcat comes with netbeans installation work?

To run php applications, you don't need a Tomcat server (see this question on Stackoverflow). Apache's httpd is sufficient (and, of course, a php environment) - see the Netbeans documentation and recommendations; there's even a Ubuntu-related documentation.

You may configure Tomcat to run a PHP application (AFAIK even Glassfish can be configured to host PHP applications), but i wouldn't recommend it if you don't have much experience with tomcat or glassfish.


Can't restore from Hibernate (sudo pm-hibernate) on new Dell XPS 15z laptop in 12.04 LTS

Your method is a bit complicated. I have got a simpler method :

To re-enable hibernation, hit Ctrl+Alt+T then type sudo gedit /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/com.ubuntu.enable-hibernate.pkla.

Edit the file and add these lines

[Re-enable hibernation]
Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.upower.hibernate
ResultActive=yes**

Save the file. After this, restart your machine and upon login, you should see a hibernation option on the top right settings corner


How do I remove video files that are stuck on the applications/places toolbar?

I beleive you are talking about the launcher.

Right-click the icon you want.

Click 'Remove from launcher'.

It should dissapear.

The top bar

Right-click the menu bar. Click 'Edit Menu's...'

Find the file you want and delete it.

Hope this helps!!!


HDMI connection to external monitor causes laptop screen blackout in 14.04, nvidia graphics

Does HDMI1 and LVDS1 both show when you use xrandr in terminal?

If so you may be able to temporarily workaround it by using

xrandr --output LVDS1 --auto

If there's no errors the display should turn back on.

Also if you want xrandr with a gui you can use arandr:

sudo apt-get install arandr


first a hint: if you want to run a process on a terminal in background (you described it as "terminal hanging") you should append an "&" to it:

metacity --replace &

I guess at bootup neither metacity nor compiz are running on your machine. It is difficult to say why this happened.

A suggestion would be to reinstall the desired manager (compiz or metacity).

greetings from switzerland, Michael


Remove sudo password when connecting to *new* WiFi network

I found success with the following solution in Ubuntu 13.04:

Open /usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.policy with root/sudo privileges and search for the following line:

<message>System policy prevents modification of network settings for all users</message>

A few lines below that should be this:

<allow_active>auth_admin_keep</allow_active>

Change it to:

<allow_active>yes</allow_active>

Save the file and restart your computer.


Can't access our Buffalo Network attached storage device

I have the same issue with my NAS.  Just that mine is dlink DNS-323.

Look at my post to see if it helps in something:

Network authentication not working

Regards.


Plasmoids / Plasma-widgets

The Ubuntu is using the plasma-widget-* as the package name: http://www.kubuntuforums.net/showthread.php?38465-Plasmoids-are-now

KDE plasmoids - from the Ubuntu repositories and from the Kubuntu developers PPA

:~$ apt-cache show plasma-widgets-workspace

Description: plasma widgets and containments for the KDE Plasma Workspace
 This package contains standard Plasma widgets and containments shipped in the
 KDE base workspace module. They provide such basic desktop functionality as
 the panel, task manager, application laucher, clock and more. The default KDE
 Workspace is a combination of these visual components.
 .
 This package also includes the default animator used by the main KDE Plasma
 Desktop shell.
 .
 This package is part of the KDE workspace module.
Homepage: http://www.kde.org/

:~$ apt-cache show plasma-widgets-addons

Description: additional widgets for Plasma
 This package contains additional Plasma widgets shipped in the Plasma
 addons module. Install it if you want a variety of widgets on your Plasma
 desktop.
 .
 This package provides the following widgets:
  * Binary Clock
  * Black Board
...
  * Weather Forecast
  * Web Slice
 .
 This package is part of the KDE Plasma addons module.
Homepage: http://plasma.kde.org/

Plasmoids (binaries) source is from the KDE-apps or somewhere - The Ubuntu repositories and the Kubuntu developers PPA have the package

Example: plasma-widget-smooth-tasks

:~$ apt-cache show plasma-widget-smooth-tasks

Description: alternate task manager plasma widget
 This task manager replacement shows only task icons
 to increase the free space of the panel.
Homepage: https://bitbucket.org/flupp/smooth-tasks-fork/

Third party ppa

Example: plasma-widget-daisy -> PPA search: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+ppas?name_filter=plasma-widget-daisy

Plasma scrips

The plasma scripts can be downloaded/installed from the add-widgets action:


Add this:
export DISPLAY=$(cat /etc/resolv.conf | grep nameserver | awk '{print $2; exit;}'):0.0


If you want to start sublime from the dash, just write sublime. And, depending how you installed sublime either of this will work:

sublime-text

or

subl

if you are not sure just type ls -l $(type subl | awk '{print $3}') or ls -l $(type sublime-text | awk '{print $3}') to know:

$ ls -l $(type subl | awk '{print $3}')
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 74 jul  8 07:26 /usr/bin/subl
ls -l $(type sublime-text | awk '{print $3}')
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 jul 19 06:03 /usr/bin/sublime-text -> subl

As you can see, the second is just a symbolic link to the first, so it doesn't matter which you run.


Only one should have a gateway set. Set your static without a Gateway address. You should then be able to access the internal 192.168.0.0/24 network without issue.


Doubts regarding my Auto ntfs mounting script

is it okay to mount ntfs drives inside my home dir......most guides suggested to mount them in /mnt/ dir

You can mount in anywhere you want ;) but the generic way is: /mnt/ for permanent disks and /media/ for removables.

is it necessary to put exit 0 at last of my script.

No. But it is cleaner. You could expand your script to catch errors and do an exit 1 when there is a problem.

because my script will anyway be executed with root privileges should i use sudo mount in the script also?

Do use /etc/crontab; you can add a user to those cron tab lines so no need for sudo. Or user sudo -i  and use the crontab for root.

why do we use the argument -t with mount

-t indicates the type used to mount. In this case "ntfs-3g"

sudo chmod 777 Mount.sh

Never use 777 when 700 is more than enough. Others and group have no business with scripts run by root.
Please use /etc/fstab see for instance:
How do I correctly mount a NTFS partition in /etc/fstab?

btw does fstab mount the drives as read and write?

Yes if you tell it to do so. But do make sure the partition is clean: linux refuses to mount it writable if it is in an unsafe state.


An alternative would be to install clamav, which is in the repositories and is FLOSS. We use it at work for scanning mail in a multiplatform environment. You could also use bitdefender which works good on ubuntu, if this is a non-commercial use pc.
Generally antivirus software will not be of much help against threats against gnu/linux. I understand however that you want to protect your windows installation from sideloading viruses.


cron.hourly sendmail errors even though my scripts do not involve sending mail

By default, any output produced by things run by cron is sent by e-mail to the owner of the crontab. To disable this, either make sure your scripts do not produce any output, or redirect it to /dev/null in your crontab, or add MAILTO="" at the top of your crontab.


Custom keyboard shortcut to lauch a terminal and run a command in Unity

For Ubuntu 11.10 (Unity)

Go to System Settings > Keyboard > Shortcuts > Custom Shortcuts.
Add a new shortcut by pressing the + button.
Choose a name for your shortcut, and in the 'Command' field, enter

gnome-terminal -e "ping -c4 [your domain here]"

Assign your shortcut key combination by selecting the shortcut and pressing the combination you desire (e.g. Ctrl+Alt+P).


Installing Ubuntu alongside Windows on 3TB HDD "exceeds the msdos-partition-table-imposed maximum"

Select "something else" and it will take you to a partition manager screen on the installation, from there you can select where to go with your partitions. Select the hard drive space with the "free space" label and select the "add" button under the chart. Select the radio button "primary" as the type and then type in the size you want Ubuntu to be in the "new partition size" text field, make sure "beginning" is checked underneath this. You will see options like "mount point", you'll want to select that drop down tab and choose "/". You'll also see filesystem types such as EXT3 and EXT4. Select ext3 or ext4, as I've never really noticed a performance drop and select how much space you wish to take up.

It's best to leave some space spare, I use 2gb, to create ANOTHER partition next to the same drive and go through the same procedure only instead of selected filesystem type as something like ext4, select it as "swap space".

If all the settings are entered follow through to the next screen and resume the setup as usual.


unable to use RAID disk during ubuntu 18.04 server installation (curtin installer)

I have the same error.

Why?
You use this Ubuntu server version http://releases.ubuntu.com/18.04.1/ubuntu-18.04.1-live-server-amd64.iso named live-server.
This version use new subiquity installation system without RAID support.

Solution: if you want to install Ubuntu with RAID, you need to use Ubuntu with old installation system available here: http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/releases/bionic/release/


Change the sort order when using grid view in Files (Nautilus)

Nautilus has a View menu which you can use to change the sort behaviour.


changing 'switch language keys' no longer working in 13.10

This has been filed as a bug report: Hotkeys not functional in non-latin keyboard layout in 13.10  For now, the bug report gives the following workaround:

Workaround for some system hotkeys and two layouts (english and non-latin): rebind all hotkeys in your local layout. For example instead of ctrl+alt+t use ctrl+alt+τ (greek tau). That hotkey still work with english layout. If you use english and two different non-latin layouts this workaround helps only with one of them.

You could also use the indicator on the menubar to switch layouts rather than the hotkeys.

Update:

As mentioned by levesque, there is another bug listed that addresses this issue. The solution provided in the bug thread is as follows:

A PPA which should provide some relief for this issue is available at https://launchpad.net/~attente/+archive/modifier-only-input-switch. To install:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:attente/modifier-only-input-switch
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
(log out, log in)

If the packages improve the situation for you, you can pin them using:

sudo apt-mark hold compiz
sudo apt-mark hold gnome-settings-daemon
sudo apt-mark hold unity

If the packages don't work for you, you can purge them using:

sudo ppa-purge ppa:attente/modifier-only-input-switch


Do the old kernel versions get deleted from the system without letting me know?

No. Ubuntu does not delete old kernels automatically. That's something the user has to do manually.


Press an hold shift just before grub starts (if your PC does not show grub at boot), choose "advanced options for ubuntu" and you will see all the previously installed kernels you have have, just choose the one you want.

Not listed ? Google the version you need, install it and then use the grub menu to select it.


Will I have to re-install ubuntu when 18.04 is officially released?

I don't have the beta of Ubuntu 18.04 but I'm pretty sure you could just run sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade as usual. I don't see any reason why you would have to reinstall.

4/10/2018: Edited to include sudo apt-get update. Thanks to WinEunuuchs2Unix for pointing this out to me!


Ubuntu 14.04 Intel 7260 AC Wireless driver does not work properly

After making partial upgrade with Software Updater the problems have been gone away. So this issue is fixed for me.


sed "$" not acting as end of line character

Your <file> almost certainly has Windows-style (CRLF) line endings:

$ printf '>sometext\n' | sed '/^>/ s/$/_new/'
>sometext_new

but

$ printf '>sometext\r\n' | sed '/^>/ s/$/_new/'
_newetext

If you want to preserve the CRLF line endings, but replace text at the (Windows) EOL, you could use s/\r$/_new\r/

ex. (piping to cat -A to make the line endings explicit)

$ printf '>sometext\r\n' | sed '/^>/ s/\r$/_new\r/' | cat -A
>sometext_new^M$

OTOH if you want to convert the whole file to Unix endings, you could use

sed -e 's/\r$//' -e '/^>/ s/$/_new/'

or convert the file with dos2unix before using sed.

Note that the g modifier has no effect when a replacement is anchored to the end (or start) of a pattern.


Did you try on your console to edit the file with sudo?

sudo gedit index.html

That should work.


Unison systemd service exits with status code 3

The issue was that unison was unable to determine the location of the ssh private key file when running as a service, but it automatically uses the default one for your user if you run in from the command line.

To fix this I added the following line to my default.prf file:

sshargs= -oIdentityFile=/path/tos/ssh/key/id_rsa


Broadcom Wifi not working in Ubuntu 17.04 in Dell Vostro-3446 laptop

It seams like you should install a chipset

try this first :

sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

If it is still not working you may have your "secure boot" activated in your BIOS

reboot the computer and type delete several time (or f2 in some cases(should have a clue somewhere))

once in the BIOS find an option called "secure boot" and deactivate it

then save and reboot

if it still not working you may have a look to what is called "additional drivers" in your system settings->software sources

or try again

sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

hope this help


See the man page for wipefs.

It is part of util-linux(-ng) and already installed in the base system.

$ which wipefs
/sbin/wipefs

$ wipefs --version
wipefs from util-linux 2.25.2

From Ubuntu Software Center:

So the command would be:

sudo apt-get install util-linux

but normally this would show an error message stating it is already installed.


Granatier is advertised as "...a clone of the classic Bomberman game, inspired by the work of the Clanbomber clone"

ClanBomber looks like it was last "compiled" in a package (.deb) for Ubuntu Dapper.  It is not recommended that you download such an old package and installing that - you could break stuff, even if it appears to work.

However, if you really must have the "original" - you will need to try one of two things.

Use the zeroinjector routine - step by step guide on the linked web-page below.  The instructions refer to v9.04 of ubuntu, so I dont know if they will work on the current supported versions of ubuntu.

If the zeroinjector routine does not work you'll need to download the source-code and compile the source code.

Download the source code from here and use standard build instructions such as

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential
./configure
make
sudo make install


How can Server detect client power off in server/client topology

See this document: https://blog.stephencleary.com/2009/05/detection-of-half-open-dropped.html

From the above document, ranking from best to worst:

Add a keepalive message to the application protocol framing (an empty message). Length-prefixed and delimited systems may send empty messages (e.g., a length prefix of “0 bytes” or a single “end delimiter”).

Advantages. The higher-level protocol (the actual messages) are not affected.

Disadvantages. This requires a change to the software on both sides of the connection, so it may not be an option if the application protocol is already specified and immutable.

Add a keepalive message to the actual application protocol (a “null” message). This adds a new message to the application protocol: a “null” message that should just be ignored.

Advantages. This may be used if the application protocol uses a non-uniform message framing system. In this case, the first solution could not be used.

Disadvantages. (Same as the first solution) This requires a change to the software on both sides of the connection, so it may not be an option if the application protocol is already specified and immutable.

Explicit timer assuming the worst. Have a timer and assume that the connection has been dropped when the timer expires (of course, the timer is reset each time data is transferred). This is the way HTTP servers work, if they support persistent connections.

Advantages. Does not require changes to the application protocol; in situations where the code on the remote side cannot be changed, the first two solutions cannot be used. Furthermore, this solution causes less network traffic; it is the only solution that does not involve sending out keepalive (i.e., “are you still there?”) packets.

Disadvantages. Depending on the protocol, this may cause a high number of valid connections to be dropped.

Manipulate the TCP/IP keepalive packet settings. This is a highly controversial solution that has complex arguments for both pros and cons. It is discussed in depth in Stevens’ book, chapter 23. Essentially, this instructs the TCP/IP stack to send keepalive packets periodically on the application’s behalf.

Advantages. Once the code to set the keepalive parameters is working, there is nothing else that the application needs to change. The other solutions all have timer events that the application must respond to; this one is “set and forget”.

Disadvantages. RFC 1122, section 4.2.3.6 indicates that acknowledgements for TCP keepalives without data may not be transmitted reliably by routers; this may cause valid connections to be dropped. Furthermore, TCP/IP stacks are not required to support keepalives at all (and many embedded stacks do not), so this solution may not translate to other platforms.


No sound from USB speakers under Ubuntu (working fine under Windows)

Open system setting then go to sound and under the hardware tab you should find your speakers if you dont know which one to choose then just click test and keep trying you wont ddamage your system.


The OP solved this problem (and reported it in a comment). Excerpted:

  I finally fixed this issue today. If you delete ~/.pulse and restart,
  it should fix itself. Apparently some file in ~/.pulse had some errors
  or something. I really don't understand it; another forum suggested
  creating a new user, which worked. Deleting the directory and
  restarting seemed a similar approach.


AUPEO online radio doesn't work in chromium

If you supply the argument ?use_flash=true it will use the Flash plugin instead of Chromium's HTML5 Audio support:

http://www.aupeo.com/?use_flash=true


How to use Putty for SSH connection to Ubuntu installed as an app from Microsoft Store

The way I understand this app, there is no VM to ssh into. It use the Windows subsystem for Linux. In other words, you can't access it from putty. It's sorta like asking how do you access cmd.exe from putty. Hope that helps.
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/about


How to run throttle stop script at startup?

This worked for me: https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?t=275464
I know is mint related, but Ubuntu users may be benefited from it. Thanks!


When a program tries to access a symbolic link the kernel silently translates it so the program is actually accessing the target. You could indeed make your ~/.xpadconf (for example; I don't know where its actual config file is) a symbolic link to a config file on a NAS. Example:

ln -s /mnt/NAS/.xpadconf ~/.xpadconf

Note that ln can only link to somewhere on your filesystem, so you would first have to mount the NAS to your local filesystem (e.g. smbfs, sshfs, nfs). Then you can link to it. If xpad stores notes in a different file from config settings you'll have to mount+link that as well (again, I'm not familiar with the program).

If the NAS is not mounted, I expect xpad will throw an error because it cannot read the file. If you unmount the NAS while xpad is open then try to save a note, you will either get an error because it cannot write to the file, or xpad will hang due to the broken network mount and you'll have to kill it.

As long as you only open xpad and save notes while the NAS is mounted, it should work as you want. I expect you won't have any issues with just viewing notes even if you unmount the NAS with xpad open.


Your system lacks basic packages for compiling kernel modules.
The compilation instructions for the TP-Link archer t2uh are woefully incomplete in that respect.
Install at least the build-essential and kernel-headers packages as described here before trying again.


Yes, Ubuntu can be compromised, as any other OS, trojans, phishing, social engineering, password cracking, browser exploits - all work in Ubuntu.

There is no policy of collecting the same amount of data as Windows 10 does (apparently, for developing purposes, which doesn't make it compromised in any way), and yet, there are Amazon adds in the dash - the feature some did call spyware. There is also a popularity tool in APT, that sends the list of installed packages.

PS: Not sure what rights you have in mind. Privacy is a choice, most definitely in this case.


How do I enable automatically nvidia-uvm?

Proper way to do this is described in CUDA documentation:
http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-getting-started-guide-for-linux/#runfile-verifications

Script from link above:

#!/bin/bash

/sbin/modprobe nvidia

if [ "$?" -eq 0 ]; then
  # Count the number of NVIDIA controllers found.
  NVDEVS=`lspci | grep -i NVIDIA`
  N3D=`echo "$NVDEVS" | grep "3D controller" | wc -l`
  NVGA=`echo "$NVDEVS" | grep "VGA compatible controller" | wc -l`

  N=`expr $N3D + $NVGA - 1`
  for i in `seq 0 $N`; do
    mknod -m 666 /dev/nvidia$i c 195 $i
  done

  mknod -m 666 /dev/nvidiactl c 195 255

else
  exit 1
fi

/sbin/modprobe nvidia-uvm

if [ "$?" -eq 0 ]; then
  # Find out the major device number used by the nvidia-uvm driver
  D=`grep nvidia-uvm /proc/devices | awk '{print $1}'`

  mknod -m 666 /dev/nvidia-uvm c $D 0
else
  exit 1
fi


How can I learn all that CompizConfig has to offer for Ubuntu 20.04 LTS? (Gnome)

Personal experience is usually better.
To get limited experience you have to install GNOME Flashback session by sudo apt-get install gnome-session-flashback and then select GNOME FlashBack (Compiz) session on the login screen.
To get all Compiz features - you have to:

install Ubuntu MATE desktop by sudo apt-get install ubuntu-mate-desktop^
install Compiz for MATE by sudo apt-get install compiz-mate compiz-plugins-extra
login to the MATE desktop session
activate Compiz usage in MATE Tweak (use Windows → Window Manager).

All possible Compiz plugins may be then configured using CompizConfig Settings Manager. Install it with sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager and then launch with ccsm or from menu.


Can't remove icon from gnome panel by Alt+right click or Windows+Alt+right click?

Hold down ALTSUPER then right click on the icon you want to remove.

In the context menu that follows from your click, you will see 2 options, 'move' or 'remove from panel'; and these are your options.


The trailing comma after the DNS forwarder address was the problem.


First Ctrl+Alt+F1 to enter the terminal
Second, sudo apt-get purge nvidia* to remove the current drivers
Then sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers
Then sudo apt-get update
Then sudo apt-get install nvidia-390
lsmod | grep nvidia to see the status of the installation and after that just reboot


Will there be a place for example a website or a PPA that holds all the lenses for Unity?

We at OMG! Ubuntu! are currently building a "visual directory" similar to this for both Lenses and Application indicators that will be available before 11.04 launch.


Run:

$ pacmd list-cards

To display the index of your cards.  For example, my pci sound card is at index 2. The sound profile for analogue output (again as an example) is called "output:analog-stereo".

Then:

$ pacmd set-card-profile 2 output:analog-stereo

To set this as the output (give it a try).
To make it permanent, edit /etc/pulse/default.pa and add:

set-card-profile 2  output:analog-stereo
set-default-sink 2

Restart pulseaudio or reboot to check persistence.

If you want to also set mic(input) defaults

set-card-profile 2  output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo
set-default-sink 2


Microsoft Arc Mouse (Bluetooth) stops scrolling after suspend Ubuntu 19.04

I just want to tack onto your own answer because some might prefer a more automated approach to this. So from the beginning:

Create script /usr/local/sbin/restart-bluetooth.sh

#!/bin/bash
service bluetooth restart

Then(from Answer) create script in sleep directory /lib/systemd/system-sleep/00restart-bluetooth.sh

#!/bin/sh
if [ $1 = post ] && [ $2 = suspend ]
then /usr/local/sbin/restart-bluetooh.sh
fi

Then make sure the script is executable

chmod a+x /lib/systemd/system-sleep/00restart-bluetooh.sh

This works every time you wake up your machine. However, I have not tried with password lockscreen disabled.


How to delete all temp files and settings after uninstalling a software?

As you've already tried apt purge, you could try to find any files related to Spyder and delete them yourself. For example, it sounds like the configuration is (or was at one point) located in ~/.spyder2, so you could delete that directory, if it exists.

Other places that applications commonly store data are ~/.config, ~/.local/share and ~/.cache.

If you want to find all files on your system with spyder in the name, you can run this command:

find / -iname '*spyder*' 2>/dev/null

(it may take a while if you have slow storage).

There's not any generic way to automatically delete all the files created by a typical Linux application, because that data is not tracked.


Invisible text in menu, search, and upper navigation bar

Changing the value for text size for "big text" in "parameters", "universal access" then reverting it to normal fixed the problem.


Revert screen settings on changed by Jupiter

Press Ctrl+Alt+F1 and login to your account. Use the command sudo apt-get remove jupiter and reboot your computer with sudo reboot.

Your screens should be back to default.


I had the same issue when trying to boot a new install from usb and it turned out I was using a 64-bit 12.04 instead of the correct-for-this-netbook 32-bit.


Why are unmaintained packages still in the official software sources?

As part of the creation of Ubuntu, a philosophical choice was made to not have a concept of "maintainer" for individual software packages.  While there are many benefits to this, one of the side effects is that for a given software package, there is often no individual who has accepted responsibility to maintain a package, with the result that any package which does not attract anyone's interest in a while may become unmaintained (although it is hoped this is a temporary condition).

Ubuntu inherits packages from Debian, except where there has been a deliberate effort to make some change, so any package present in Debian will be present in Ubuntu, barring very unusual circumstances.  As these packages do have someone in Debian who is responsible for making them work in Debian, there is a blanket presumption that they will also work in Ubuntu, which is true for the vast majority of packages, but may not be the case for some specific packages.

Ubuntu also sometimes receives new packages not found in Debian: while it is hoped that whoever decided to contribute the package to Ubuntu will continue to care for it, this is not always the case.

Both methods by which apparently unmaintained packages may be present in Ubuntu are essentially the result of neglect, and are mostly waiting for someone to decide to either remove the packages or make them work (with a strong preference for making them work).  Ubuntu is an entirely community-based project, so anyone can do this, although new folk will require a current developer to approve their changes in the beginning.

For easycrypt, after confirming that upstream no longer offered support, I have summarised my investigation, and forwarded the bug to the Ubuntu Archive Administrators, who should be removing the package from the current development release soonish, so that it will no longer be presented for future releases of Ubuntu.  A better solution would be also to add a patch to the truecrypt package providing migration support for easycrypt users to use the truecrypt GUI: this needs to be done by someone familiar with the packages.

For firestarter, it appears that there was a patch made which was known to work with Ubuntu in the past, but that it was dropped in a later upload (by the patch author).  I don't know enough about firestarter to determine the right solution, but it does appear to be maintained in Debian: someone who uses this tool would need to determine precisely which parts aren't working, and prepare a patch to make them work again, preferably including any required packaging changes to enable immediate upload.

Anyone preparing either of the patches described above (truecrypt transition for easycrypt users or fixing firestarter) may find https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SponsorshipProcess useful as a means to ensure their work is included in Ubuntu.


Apt stuck installing virtualbox guest additions

Apparently the system is waiting for a password on the background. In my case 3 times the password.

So when it seems to be stuck it is waiting just enter your password with enter for 3 or 4 times then it will continue the installation


I fixed this for anyone who comes across this issue in the future. Apparently having power to both the integrated and discrete graphics cards was causing each to create a display, resulting in two Built-in displays and mouse flickering.

I turned off the intigrated graphics by doing:

sudo gedit /etc/rc.local

And add the following lines:

chown "username" /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch # change "username" with your user name
echo OFF > /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch

Then reboot.

When I now run sudo cat /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch I get the following result and no more second monitor/mouse flickering.

0:IGD: :Off:0000:00:02.0
1:DIS-Audio: :Pwr:0000:01:00.1
2:DIS:+:Pwr:0000:01:00.0

`


The Software Center won't start anymore, how to fix it?

Make sure software-center is not running.
First make sure the Software Center (process name software-center) is not running. Depending on how you've been forcing it to quit, a software-center process may or may not still be running in the background.
If you know how to make sure a process isn't running, you can skip the rest of this section.
You can use the GNOME System Monitor for this (type system monitor in the Unity dash and an icon for GNOME System Monitor will appear).
Or you can use killall from the Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T):
killall software-center

Run it again and you should get:
software-center: no process found

If you don't see that, it's still running. In that case, run:
killall -KILL software-center

(Running that again will, in the same way, determine if it succeeeded)
The Software Center is not ordinarily run as root: instead, it uses polkit to perform specific actions as root. But if it is running as root, then you'll have to put sudo  before a killall command for it to succeed.
Clear out both user-specific and systemwide configuration files and reinstall USC.
Open a Terminal window (Ctrl+Alt+T) if you don't already have one open. Run these commands to remove user-specific configuration files:
cd ~/.config
mv software-center software-center.old

(This actually moves the configuration rather than deleting it, but it prevents it from being used. It's unlikely you'll need to restore it, but there's no major disadvantage.)
Then reinstall the Software Center, removing systemwide configuration files:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get --purge --reinstall install software-center

Some errors that could interfere with the Software Center starting or working properly could also keep those commands from working. In particular, if you see an error that says Unable to lock the administration directory, check out the answers here:

Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/) is another process using it?

Then try running the Software Center again.
If that doesn't work...
...then more information will be needed. Run the Software Center itself in the Terminal:
software-center

That may reveal messages (errors or otherwise) that would help solve the problem. You can edit your question to include all the text from the Terminal.
(Other people with this problem should create or edit their own questions, of course.)
One possible cause of this problem might be if polkit is not running, or not working properly. If you don't see any helpful messages when you run software-center in the Terminal, you might try running it as root:
gksudo software-center

If you don't have the gksudo command, you can install it (it's provided by the gksu  package), or use sudo -H instead of gksudo.
If that doesn't work and you need a workaround to install software until the problem iss solved, see:

Are there alternatives to software center?

In particular, Synaptic works very differently from the Software Center and is quite likely to work even when the Software Center does not. Synaptic does not provide the means to install paid apps, though.


'source' from alias does not work, but manual sourcing does

Lets say once you save the configuration you will need to open a new terminal window for the changes to take place. Since running source .bashrc will refresh the settings in your current shell without forcing you to open a new terminal. Or you should source ~/.bashrc once to make aliases available in current session.


How do I figure out how my certbot is configured?

authenticator = standalone

This line basically means that certbot starts a standalone webserver. To do this, you first have to shut down your normal web server, then run certbot, and afterwards start your webserver again.

This can be done with

certbot -q renew --standalone --prehook "/usr/sbin/service nginx stop" --posthook "/usr/sbin/service nginx start"

which will stop nginx, get the certificate, and then restart nginx.

The other alternative is to install python-certbot-nginx, and let certbot figure out webroot automatically. This is the reference to the missing plugin (the requested nginx plugin does not appear to be installed).


ls -l /proc/5398/cwd

will give the path of the running application

as per i know "nestat -anp | grep 5368" command  will give you the executable name


How can I make more than 4 partitions in a hard disk?

The non-allocated space is outside of your 4th primary partition and you can only have four!

So you should:

Boot from the Ubuntu LiveDVD
Choose Try Ubuntu
Start gparted from Dash menu.
Extend sda4 to the end of your disk
create a new partition in the empty space
Install it there!


Is there a key shortcut for "Presentation Mode" on Lubuntu

It's ok thanks I found the answer

Presentation mode keeps the screen on and stops the screen from blanking as set by the power management settings for the purposes of displaying powerpoint docs, impress or other documents for on a projector for work purposes, for watching video, or keeping the screen on for any other reason.

To toggle manually with mouse: Right click on XFCE Power Manager icon in system tray > tick/untick Presentation mode.

To Add a Keybinding toggle:
Command to toggle Presentation Mode:

xfconf-query -c xfce4-power-manager -p /xfce4-power-manager/presentation-mode -T

Will bind this to Windows Key + P in following file

~/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml

added keybinding to file

<keybind key="W-p">
      <action name="Execute">
        <command>xfconf-query -c xfce4-power-manager -p /xfce4-power-manager/presentation-mode -T</command>
      </action>
</keybind>

can logoff/logon then use Windows Key + P to toggle to keep your screen on when watching movies or displaying powerpoint presentations etc


Using ~/.profile to set $PATH

A path set in .bash_profile will only be set in a bash login shell (bash -l).
If you put your path in .profile it will be available to your complete desktop session. That means even metacity will use it.

For example ~/.profile:

if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
  PATH="$PATH:$HOME/bin"
fi

Btw, you can check the PATH variable of a process by looking at its environment in /proc/[pid]/environ (replace [pid] with the number from ps axf). E.g. use grep -z "^PATH" /proc/[pid]/environ

Note:

bash as a login shell doesn't parse .profile if either .bash_profile or .bash_login exists. From man bash :

  it looks for ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login, and ~/.profile, in that
  order, and reads and executes commands from the first one that exists
  and is  readable.

See the answers below for information about .pam_environment, or .bashrc for interactive non-login shells, or set the value globally for all users by putting a script into /etc/profile.d/ or use /etc/X11/Xsession.d/ to affect the display managers session.


I think I did what you were asking using Python:

#!/usr/bin/env python

import os

for i in range(0, 30):  # up to the highest number of your filenames
    os.system("mv sample_%i.wav sample_%i.wav" % (i+1, i))

This reduces the number after the underscore by 1 for each of the files. Just make sure that you enter the largest number of your files in the second entry of range.


Problem installing Gephi after installing PPA and Oracle Java 8

The way to fix this is to go to:

sudo gedit /etc/environment

and add:

JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle/jre/bin/java"

Then run the script normally

./bin/gephi


How to get rid of "Connecting to 127.0.0.1:80... failed: Connection refused."?

It means that, on your system (localhost) there is no program listening to TCP port 80. You need to start a webserver, e.g., apache2 and configure it to handle your requests. Reread the beginning of your course, and see what it says about webserver requirements.


Youtube Lag after Chrome update to 61 version

Setting this to Disabled solved this problem for me:

chrome://flags/#enable-color-correct-rendering


Restoring xfce4-power-manager to default settings

Have managed to resolve this myself -

To turn the above option back on, edit the below xml file -

~\.config\xfce4\xfconf\xfce-perchannel-xml\xfce4-power-manager.xml

In the line -

<property name="dpms-enabled" type="bool" value="false"/>

Change the 'false' to 'true'.


Echo command with color option in script and command works differently

echo is a shell builtin in Bash and dash (/bin/sh). If you run echo from the command line you are using the Bash builtin, if you are running your shell script with sh you are using the Dash builtin.

The dash version of echo doesn't know the -e option but just outputs anything verbatim without any special handling for \ sequences.

Either use Bash to run your shell script, or use /bin/echo instead of echo:

/bin/echo -e "\e[1;31mThis is red text\e[0m"

To avoid the problems with different versions of echo you may want to use printf instead. In contrast to echo printf always interprets \ sequences but doesn't automatically add a linefeed at the end so you have to append \n at the end if you want one.

As some versions of printf don't understand \e you should use \033 instead:

printf "\033[1;31mThis is red text\033[0m\n"


Cannot install and upgrade python packages on Ubuntu 14.04

I would try to install and update python packages using sudo
As an example:

sudo pip install --upgrade pandas

or

sudo python -m pip install --upgrade pandas

I am using Ubuntu 16.04 gnome and it works fine and it also worked fine before I upgraded, means on ubuntu 14.04. Maybe you can also try to upgrade pip itself using

sudo pip install --upgrade pip

Hope it helps.


man / info pages are your friend

try man ln and you'll notice the proper syntax

ln -sv $LFS/tools/ <link_name>

will create a symbolic link in the cwd current working directory to the path provided. The syntax is reverse from most CLI formats i.e. scp <from> <to> format

Naming the link / is not allowed and I don't think that's what you intended


I have just tried this with PlayOnLinux using WindowsXP wine config and version 2.12 staging; it is working.

Here's a step by step guide:

Open PlayOnLinux and select 'Install a Program' on the left.

Select 'Install a non-listed program'.

Select 'Install a program in a new virtual drive'.

Tick both 'Use another version of Wine', and 'Configure Wine'.

When asked to choose a version of Wine, select '2.12-staging'.

In the next screen select '32 bits windows installation'.

In the next screen Wine will configure for a few moments and then the settings screen will open,under the 'Applications' tab change the 'Windows Version' to 'Windows XP', then click OK.

You will then be asked to select the installer, I used the trial from the PTS website version 1.2.5.
Run the installer once it opens, when it is finished click OK and it will close.

You will then be asked to add a shortcut, select sai.exe and click Next.

Sometimes it takes a few seconds and it will return to the same screen, select 'I don't want to add another shortcut.' and click Next.

Draw a masterpiece.

I haven't tested it but according to this page on the WineDB the pen pressure does not work, to fix it it suggests "if you want pen pressure you have to open the misc.ini file in the installation folder, find the line TabletMouseSimulation = 0 and replace the 0 by a 1 and that's about it no dependencies either"


A SD is slower than a regular USB flash drive. After pressing "Eject" or "Unmount", make sure that buffers are written before the drive is removed.

To be sure that the buffers are flushed before you remove the drive, open a terminal and run:

sudo umount /media/YourSdCard

After the program is done and returned to the prompt, you can safely remove it. Alternatively, run sync and wait until it's completed. After that, use "Eject" or "Unmount" and remove the SD card.


Effects still causing issues after uninstalling CCSM

Run unity --reset in a terminal to reset your Compiz settings.


Ubuntu 12.04 64bit doesn't shutdown properly

Okay, I cannot solve the problem with the GUI shutdown method, but I had the same problem.

The command

sudo shutdown now

is equivalent to

sudo halt

which is simply halting the machine. That means it is simply halting the OS and stopping all CPUs. Once the system is cleanly halted, the user may safely hit the Power button on his computer manually.

So you can just press the power button if you want.

However, to solve that you can use this command

sudo shutdown -P now

The poweroff, shutdown -P now, and halt -p commands all do the same thing as halt alone, while additionally sending an ACPI command to signal the power supply unit to disconnect the main power. This prevents you from having to physically push the Power button on your computer.

That suggests you can also use this command:

sudo poweroff

or this:

sudo halt -p


How do I hide Windows drive in 14.04 (Trusty Tahr)?

Impossible. The root user is by definition all-powerful. That includes the ability to both read from and write to all attached storage devices.

The best you can do is to encrypt the Windows partition, which would prevent everybody without a valid key from

making sense of the information on that partition and
manipulating its content without the possibility of detection.

What you probably want is a separation of privilege, where one or more users don't have super-user privileges but only a subset thereof.