Why does whoopsie increasingly take more CPU?

I've got an idea as to how you could fix your problem: as a temporary measure you could cap the CPU usage of 'whoopsie' by using a program called CPU Limit.

You can download it below:

This should ensure at least while watching movies that your film remains lag-free and once you've capped it, it shouldn't bother you until you next shutdown.I've found a well explained tutorial here if you need more information on how to install it and use it.

However as this isn't a permanent cap you'd need to get your Ubuntu to run it at startup each time if you want it to be capped on a more permanent basis. I'm not an expert on what commands you'd need to run but I think it should be possible to get it to run and limit the process at startup (see this post if you don't know how to set apps/processes to run at startup).

I'd suggest you try out CPU Limit and then if you're satisfied as to how well it copes with your problem and would like it to run at start-up you can use the instructions posted here by hhlp and by adding the following line:

cpulimit -e whoopsie -l 3 &

To the /etc/rc.local file it will run properly on every startup with Whoopsie capped at 3% cpu usage.

Ideally if it's a bug as commented it might be solved sometime soon, but until then this is the way I'd go about to stop the problem being an issue.


Stupidly played with shared libraries and now Ubuntu won't start

It's probably best to back up your files and reinstall Ubuntu. This will ensure that everything is fixed and that you don't forget anything. If you can't, there are a few things to look at.

Reinstalling packages

You can reinstall packages with sudo apt install --reinstall [package-name].

Packages containing libz.so.1

libz.so.1 is in the zlib1g and lib32z1 packages:

$ locate libz.so.1 | grep -E '/libz.so.1$' | xargs -n 1 dpkg -S
zlib1g:i386: /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libz.so.1
zlib1g:amd64: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1
dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /snap/core/5145/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1
dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /snap/core/5328/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1
dpkg-query: no path found matching pattern /snap/core/5548/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1
lib32z1: /usr/lib32/libz.so.1

Automatically check most installed files for errors

Once you get APT working properly, install the debsums package and run sudo debsums -s to list any missing or incorrect files that are supposed to be installed on your system (which won't help if you uninstalled them but can help otherwise). This doesn't handle all installed files, but it should handle missing libraries.

See what commands you ran

Your shell's history file will potentially contain the commands that you ran if you used the terminal to do so, so you can possibly find out what you did to change the files. If you're using Bash, you can usually look at it with cat ~/.bash_history.


What you are describing typically happens when there already exists a directory with the same name on the mounting location. It can be another BOOT partition mounted or it may happen that unmounting was unsuccessfull or not done at all. In that case the directory may stay there. When you try to mount it next time it will add number 1 as is original mounting point already taken.

It mounts it to the directory /media/<username>/. Check what you have in that directory by typing ls /media/<username>/, where you put your username instead of <username>. Or navigate to /media/<username> and see what you have there. Delete any directories which may be ledt there, but be careful if they are actualy mounted. In that case, you may delete the mounted partition content.


dpkg indicates that the drivers were installed, but lshw says you are using the old drivers.

using apt purge your original drivers. then reinstall the pro drivers.

finally reboot for the change to take effect.


How to create a keyboard shortcut to emulate a specific keystroke (not a command)?

This will do the job:

Firstly: edit the XKB /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/pc file by running the following command in the terminal:

sudo nano /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/pc

Secondly: find this line:

key <BKSP> {    [ BackSpace, BackSpace  ]   };

And comment it out by adding // before it like so:

//key <BKSP> {  [ BackSpace, BackSpace  ]   };

Thirdly: copy and paste the following code below the commented line in secondly above:

key <BKSP> {
    type= "PC_SUPER_LEVEL2",
    symbols[Group1]=  [ BackSpace, Delete ]
};

And save the file.

Fourthly: clear the XKB cache by running the following command in the terminal:

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/xkb/*

Finally: reboot your system to activate your new xkb configuration or reload the new xkb configuration by setting an xkb map layout using the following command in the terminal:

setxkbmap -layout us

and test your new key combination.

This solution should make pressing Super +
Backspace work as pressing the Delete key.

To change the combination to Shift + Backspace
you can change PC_SUPER_LEVEL2 to PC_SHIFT_LEVEL2 in thirdly
above.


illegal hardware instruction (core dumped) crash when NPM on 18.04

I had the same problem with net-keepalive. Modules like it needs to be compiled for each specific architecture. The module worked when I used node 8 and 10, but when upgraded to 14, my app started crashing
#
# Fatal error in , line 0
# Check failed: result.second.
#
#
#
#FailureMessage Object: 0x7ffed3b1da80
 1: 0x55ad9a832af3  [/usr/bin/node]
 2: 0x55ad9b277038 V8_Fatal(char const*, ...) [/usr/bin/node]
 3: 0x55ad9ac0bd14 v8::internal::GlobalBackingStoreRegistry::Register(std::shared_ptr<v8::internal::BackingStore>) [/usr/bin/node]
 4: 0x55ad9a979582 v8::ArrayBuffer::GetBackingStore() [/usr/bin/node]
 5: 0x55ad9a774406 napi_get_typedarray_info [/usr/bin/node]
 6: 0x7fe23f8cae38 FFI::FFI::InitializeBindings(Napi::Env, Napi::Object) [/myapp/node_modules/net-keepalive/node_modules/ffi-napi/build/Release/ffi_bindings.node]
 7: 0x7fe23f8cb6c0  [/myapp/node_modules/net-keepalive/node_modules/ffi-napi/build/Release/ffi_bindings.node]
 8: 0x7fe23f8c7bb5 __napi_Init(napi_env__*, napi_value__*) [/myapp/node_modules/net-keepalive/node_modules/ffi-napi/build/Release/ffi_bindings.node]
 9: 0x55ad9a7890d4 napi_module_register_by_symbol(v8::Local<v8::Object>, v8::Local<v8::Value>, v8::Local<v8::Context>, napi_value__* (*)(napi_env__*, napi_value__*)) [/usr/bin/node]
10: 0x55ad9a78d4b6  [/usr/bin/node]
11: 0x55ad9a78c75a node::binding::DLOpen(v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value> const&) [/usr/bin/node]
12: 0x55ad9a9aae07 v8::internal::FunctionCallbackArguments::Call(v8::internal::CallHandlerInfo) [/usr/bin/node]
13: 0x55ad9a9ab1ce  [/usr/bin/node]
14: 0x55ad9a9aba1a  [/usr/bin/node]
15: 0x55ad9a9ac376 v8::internal::Builtin_HandleApiCall(int, unsigned long*, v8::internal::Isolate*) [/usr/bin/node]
16: 0x55ad9b1463f9  [/usr/bin/node]
[1]    2623 illegal hardware instruction (core dumped)

So I updated the module to the latest version, and it works now.
Have you tried to clear the cache?
npm cache clear --force


How can I check how much space there is left on WUBI versus how much space it takes on my HDD?

You can do it as follows:

bcbc@ubuntu:~$ df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/loop0       15G  7.3G  7.0G  51% /
udev            1.9G  4.0K  1.9G   1% /dev
tmpfs           751M  920K  750M   1% /run
none            5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none            1.9G  416K  1.9G   1% /run/shm
/dev/sda3       295G  113G  183G  39% /host
bcbc@ubuntu:~$

This shows that the Wubi virtual disk is mounted as / on /dev/loop0 and is 15G in size with 7G free. If you had more thane one virtual disk you'd see perhaps /dev/loop1 mounted on /home.

It also shows that the Windows /host is 295G in size and has 183G free.

What to do if you're short on space

Clean up cache
Use baobab to check where your space is gone
Remove all but the most recent 2 working kernels
Resize the virtual disk
Migrate to a partition

1. Clean up cache

sudo apt-get autoremove

sudo apt-get autoclean

2. Use the disk usage analyzer

From a command line run: gksu baobab

Make sure you go to Edit, Preferences and uncheck the Windows /host partition before scanning the file system or it will scan your Windows /host as well.

3. Remove old kernels
There are various ways to do this. Just make sure you keep the two most recent working kernels. Each kernel can free up about 190MB.

Here's one method to do this (via Kees Cook):

OLD=$(ls -tr /boot/vmlinuz-* | head -n -2 | cut -d- -f2- | awk '{print "linux-image-" $0}')

if [ -n "$OLD" ]; then sudo apt-get -q remove --purge $OLD; fi

That's probably better in a script, but if you enter each line, it does the trick. You can use synaptic package manager for this, but I understand this isn't installed by default anymore.

4. Resize a Wubi install
You can do an in-place resize of the virtual disk Wubi uses or make a new, larger disk. The former must be run from a live CD and is quickest, but the latter can be done from a running Wubi install.

5. Migrate a Wubi install See how-to-convert-wubi-install-into-regular-install


Konsole starts in SU mode and asks for password in every window and tab

As written in the comments above the following was the matter:
In Settings > Manage Profiles > Edit profile > General it is important that in 'Command'  it does not say su- but /bin/bash.

Now the problem is solved.


apt-get installed v2 of gitolite and it seems that $LOCAL_CODE was introduced with v3. You can either put your hooks into hooks/common of use v3 from their git. I choosed the second solution.


You're doing i <= ${#nums[@]}. Arrays in bash are 0-indexed, as you already know, so the last element is at ${#nums[@]} - 1. When i is ${#nums[@]} and you do nums[$i]=${nums[$j]} or nums[$j]=$t, you add after the end of the array, increasing the size of the array and thus creating an infinite loop.

The errors you see are also due to this, but because the assignment hasn't been done yet, ${array[non-existent index]} is just empty. Consider the output under bash -x:

+ (( j++ ))                                     # j is 8
+ (( j<=8 ))                                    # perfectly fine
+ '[' 4 -gt ']'                                 # but nums[j] is empty
./foo.sh: line 9: [: 4: unary operator expected
+ (( j++ ))
+ (( j<=8 ))
+ (( i++ ))
+ (( i<=8 ))
+ (( j=0 ))
+ (( j<=8 ))
+ '[' 89 -gt 4 ']'
+ t=89
+ nums[$i]=4
+ nums[$j]=89
+ (( j++ ))
+ (( j<=8 ))
+ '[' 4 -gt 4 ']'
+ (( j++ ))
+ (( j<=8 ))
+ '[' 4 -gt 62 ']'
+ (( j++ ))
+ (( j<=8 ))
+ '[' 4 -gt 75 ']'
+ (( j++ ))
+ (( j<=8 ))

This continues until the expression is [ -gt ]. With a single argument, the test is just for a non-empty argument, so this succeeds, assignments take place and infinite loops begin.

Do:

Always quote your variables.

Don't:

Test for equality for end-of-array tests in languages with 0-indexed arrays.


How do I open a terminal in unity without window's top bar?

I found a better (in my opinion) solution, which is tilda terminal emulator.


Is it possible to use Ubuntu as a Broadband Remote Access Server?

Yes, it is possible to use Ubuntu as a Broadband Remote Access Server. You are limited only by system resources (ie, amount of memory, 32- vs 64-bit). There are no artificial limits imposed by licensing.


VirtualBox installation message in Terminal: "this system is currently not set up to build kernel modules"

Please install the Ubuntu metapackage that contains the needed tools for compiling virtualbox modules:

sudo apt install build-essential linux-kernel-headers


Installing 12.04 through Update Manager on a XP/ubuntu dual-boot

You can do several things to be more safe (before and after):

if you're using nt bootloader (windows default bootloader), you can backup your mbr using "dd if=/dev/sdX of=~/sdX-mbr.bin bytes=512 count=1" when X is your physical drive letter (not windows drive letter). when you want to restore mbr you just change the arguments between if and of.
from windows installation you have something like "Recovery mode" and from there you can run fixmbr which will rewrite nt bootloader into mbr.

in any case, you can always let GRUB be your bootloader, it recognizes windows partitions and can chain bootloading (switch from GRUB to nt bootloader).

READ MORE ABOUT BACKUP MBR AND FIXMBR BECAUSE THEY CAN BE DANGEROUS.

you can always try to do those things in a virtual machine before doing it on the physical.


Is it possible to preview arbitrary formats in Nautilus?

Here's the documentation on how to add a new thumbnailer.

You need to add two keys on gconf:

/desktop/gnome/thumbnailers/application@x-foo/enable (boolean)
/desktop/gnome/thumbnailers/application@x-foo/command (string)

Where application@x-foo is the MimeType for the kind of file you want to generate the thumbnails. Set enable to True and command to the command to create the thumbnail.

To add one with gconftool-2:

gconftool-2 --set /desktop/gnome/thumbnailers/application@x-foo/enable --type bool true
gconftool-2 --set /desktop/gnome/thumbnailers/application@x-foo/command --type string "application-x-foo-thumbnailer %i %o %s"

The folders are created automatically. %i is the input file, %o where to write the output file (png) and %s the size of the thumbnail.

And here's how to add a MimeType for custom files.

I found another way which seems easier, you can create a file in /usr/share/thumbnailers/ for example foo.thumbnailer:

[Thumbnailer Entry]
TryExec=/usr/bin/application-x-foo-thumbnailer
Exec=/usr/bin/application-x-foo-thumbnailer %i %o %s
MimeType=application/x-foo;

You can separate several MimeTypes with ;.


$ cd /home

$ sudo snap install pycharm-community --classic

$ pycharm-community
Jan 02, 2018 12:17:45 AM java.util.prefs.FileSystemPreferences$1 run
INFO: Created user preferences directory.
Jan 02, 2018 12:17:45 AM java.util.prefs.FileSystemPreferences$6 run

I used cd /home then sudo snap install pycharm-community --classic
then just type python-community and it worked.


Two X-screens, how to get a window manager on second screen?

I do not think you can run the same window manager at the same time, on the same user, on two X servers. At least you can't do it with most feature-rich wms.

Try running xfwm4 (XFCE window manager) as your secondary wm.

PS: I remember having fun with a compositing enabled Xinerama on a dual card ATI config and xmonad in the past, so I would advice keeping experimenting with that if you are using >=3 monitors.


How to find when/whether a kernel bug patch is going to make it officially into 18.04?

Your question can be difficult to answer, the actual answer being "I don't know" how long it will take.
However you can look up the actual included commit and observe:
doug@s18:~/temp-k-git/linux$ git tag --contains 29fe83997626
v5.7
v5.7-rc6
v5.7-rc7
v5.8-rc1

So, it was only  included as of 5.7-rc6, a few weeks ago. More important is to notice that stable was copied on the commit:
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.20+

meaning it has already been flagged for backport to earlier kernels. Typically that takes maybe a couple of months, faster depending on the urgency, but then it would take further time for distribution releases of linux (i.e. Ubuntu) to include it in their kernel updates.
EDIT: Already backported to kernel 5.4.42 on 2020.05.20.
EDIT2: Ubuntu bug report (Focal)


My guess for your situation would be that environmental changes have affected you HDD. So from the error message from journalctl -xb which points to file inconsistencies and the instruction to run manual file check. Use the fsck command to correct this error:

fsck /dev/sda2

And simply accept all the options give during the process. Then reboot you system.


Repository does not have release file error for ubuntu 20.04

I found the problem. It was that apt does not use system proxy, I had to make a proxy.conf file in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/proxy.conf where I added the proxy by following this page. But the error message needed to be more particular. I would also like to know if there's any way I can make apt use the system wide proxy. By the way there are three places in which you should specify proxy in ubuntu 20.04...

In /etc/environment for curl to work

In /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/proxy.conf (Create the file if it not there) for apt to work

In /var/snap/cannonical-livepatch/config for livepatch to work


How can I edit Nautilus Places sidebar and Unity QuickList?

In order to achieve that.. you should edit the Nautilus source code and the nautilus.desktop file or using another file manager that allows this, such as nemo.

NOTE: In this example I'm running ubuntu 13.04 with nautilus (files) 3.6.3. You can test this in a virtual machine to see if everything is OK.

1) Make sure you have enable the Source code repository

Open the Ubuntu Software Center
In the Menu Bar choose Edit -> Software Sources. Click to enable "Source code repository".
Just in case I use the "Main Server" to Download.

Open a Terminal Window to update the repositories.

sudo apt-get update

2) In the Terminal type the following to install the necessary packages.

sudo apt-get install build-essential quilt

3) Install build dependencies.

sudo apt-get build-dep nautilus

4) Create a folder to download the source code.

mkdir ~/Downloads/src

cd ~/Downloads/src

5) Download the source code & Export variables.

apt-get source nautilus

export QUILT_PATCHES=debian/patches

export EDITOR=gedit

6) Create the patch and edit the source code.

cd nautilus-3.6.3/

quilt new my_custom_places.patch

quilt edit src/nautilus-places-sidebar.c

Custom Trash: To change the name of the Trash.You can change the strings in the lines 567 and 569.
eg: "Trash" to "Custom Trash" & "Open the trash" to "Open the Custom Trash"

Add Folder: In this example I will add the "Test" folder in my home directory /home/virtual/Test. (change the folder according to your needs)
After the line number 562 add the following:
/* add Test directory */
mount_uri = "file:///home/virtual/Test";
icon = g_themed_icon_new (NAUTILUS_ICON_FOLDER);
add_place (sidebar, PLACES_BUILT_IN,
       SECTION_COMPUTER,
       _("Test"), icon, mount_uri,
       NULL, NULL, NULL, 0,
       _("Open Test folder"));
g_object_unref (icon);

Remove Recent Files: To remove the Recent Files from the places... delete the lines from 525 to 534.

Save the changes.

7) Build the deb packages.

quilt refresh
fakeroot dpkg-buildpackage

8) Install the deb packages.

cd ..

sudo dpkg -i *deb

9) For system-wide..edit the nautilus.desktop file to add the folder eg:(/home/virtual/Test) in the quick list.

sudo nano /usr/share/applications/nautilus.desktop

Change:
Actions=Window;

To:
Actions=Test;Window;

Add:
[Desktop Action Test]
Name=Test
Exec=nautilus --new-window /home/virtual/Test
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

Before:

After:

10) Finally you can logout and Login to see the changes.
RESULT:

Hope this helps.


Installed NVIDIA-331| Unable to verify the GPU used

Go to dash and click on NVidia X server Settings, click on PRIME profiles and select NVIDIA(performance mode).

Shutdown and reboot your system and again check NVIDIA x server settings you will see that your system is using your NVIDIA Gpu.


I cant download on other locations outside root!

First, run the following command to gain ownership and permission over the drive and all external drives:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /media/*

Additionally, you need to go to mozilla settings.

Then, go to Preferences and set Downloads to Always ask me where to save files. So that you can specify the directory.


how do I compile just wireless drivers in kernel?

Set up for compiling:

extraversion="-"$(uname -r|sed 's/[0-9].[0-9].[0-9]-//' ) # extraversion in 3.5.0-17-generic is -17-generic
mkdir ~/tmp/build/
cd ~/tmp/build/
cp /boot/config-`uname -r`  .config
cp /usr/src/linux-headers-3.5.0$extraversion/Module.symvers ./
cd /usr/src/linux-source-3.5.0/
make EXTRAVERSION=$extraversion O=~/tmp/build oldconfig
make EXTRAVERSION=$extraversion O=~/tmp/build prepare
make EXTRAVERSION=$extraversion O=~/tmp/build outputmakefile
make EXTRAVERSION=$extraversion O=~/tmp/build archprepare
make EXTRAVERSION=$extraversion O=~/tmp/build modules SUBDIRS=scripts

Now you are ready.  To compile module put in the folder of its location.  For zd1211

make EXTRAVERSION=$extraversion O=~/tmp/build/ modules SUBDIRS=drivers/net/wireless/zd1211rw

cd into ~/tmp/build/drivers/net/wireless/zd1211rw/ to find the .ko file.


I'm not sure what is meant by "official ppa" in the question, but here are some links from Launchpad.
Unity staging ppa

This archive contains the latest builds generated from trunk, that
have passed the unit tests, but didn't pass the user acceptance
(autopilot) tests yet.   Unless you are a developer and know what you
do here, you should probably use the "unity-team/ppa" instead.

Unity PPA

This archive contains various testing packages, especially ARM builds.

Unity SRU channel

This PPA contains proposed package builds for our next Stable Release
Update versions of the Unity stack components.

Note that ppas typically are described as "untrusted".


Actually what you are trying to do is quite far from so called simple and you are doing a few things wrong.

First of all, sudo apt-get install ipkg-utils is bound to fail in the first place and to yield the error message you provided because such package does not exist in the repositories as it shouldn't.

Secondly, the link you provided as a "repository" is not a repository but a commit log.

Furthermore ipkg is discontinued and is commonly been replaced by it's fork: opkg, and ipkg does not have any official packages or sources available. You couldn't even find that information after hours of googling? Even though no questions should be issued in the answers: For what purpose should you need ipkg-utils and is it a must have instead of opkg? No offense, but doesn't seem like you have proper knowledge on package managers to start with...

That aside, you can get opkg sources via command git clone git://git.yoctoproject.org/opkg and go on building those. On how to build from sources, here's a link to start with: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CompilingEasyHowTo


I tried installing biodigital human, a webgl app on google chrome and it logged me out of my computer and uninstalled some apps

Well just uninstalled google chrome and every thing it installed automatically and its all back to normal... No google chrome for me. Na wa...


Can you open a terminal while Ubuntu is installing?

As I remember you can click the arrow in the down left hand corner, next to "Installing system".

You can see it here:


Bluetooth not working on Ubuntu 14.04 with Wily kernel (4.2)

So I think I can answer myself...

I've got the correct kernel source this way:

apt-get source linux-image-$(uname -r)

Got the bluetooth folder in /drivers/bluetooth/, and added the following line in btusb.c under the /*Broadcom BCM20702A0 */ comment as described here:

{ USB_DEVICE(0x413c, 0x8143) },

Then simply followed the rest of the steps (from the sixth on) described here by Jeremy31.

And it worked like a charm ;)


How can I mount a Samsung Camera on Ubuntu?

Why should a tutorial about a Kodak camera give you a string to search for in a Samsung camera? Never mind. See product: Samsung Digital Camera

One interesting line is:

configuration: driver=usb-storage

which tells you that your Samsung camera looks like a usb-storage device (mountable disk).

Record the time (touch /tmp/now or write it down). Unplug your camera from your system, wait 10 seconds, reconnect your camera, wait another 10 seconds, and type dmesg -T in a terminal window. Look at the entries with times later than the time you recorded (ls -l /tmp/now). They will show you what the system thinks is going on when you connect your camera. One piece of information to look for is the device name (sda, sdb, sdc, etc), which will be useful in the mount command, if necessary (man -a mount).

With the camera connected, use mount to see what is mounted, df to look at the space and where it is mounted, IF it auto-mounted.

Once you know the device name, you need to find out the partition type.  Type:

sudo fdisk -l

and look for your device name.

Now that you know the device name and the filesystem type (also known as fstype), read man mount, a couple of times.


How to use Xubuntu Icons in thunar in i3wm

Well, since xfce isn't being used the settings manager isn't either. To set an icon theme or gtk-2 theme create the following file in your /home/user: .gtkrc-2.0 . In it set the icon theme with the following line: gtk-icon-theme-name = "elementary-xfce-darker". a gkt-2 theme would be set in the same file with gtk-theme-name = "theme-name". The theme names need to be identical to the names in /usr/share/icons or /usr/share/themes. Using gtk-icon-theme-name = "elementary Xfce darker" would not work.


Unzip command is Archiving instead of Extracting

The file itself probably has a file (or a directory) in it called "Data.zip" and therefor prompts you on what to do.Do this:

unzip Data.zip -d tmp/

It will create directory tmp/ and extract the files in that directory. Since that directory does not have a Data.zip it will extract without a warning.


18.04.2 LTS dual boot with Win 10 Pro is causing Windows corruption

I install Win10 and Ubuntu 18.04.2 in separate SSDs successfully. I make it done follow this link:Dual Boot Windows 10 and Linux Ubuntu on Separate Hard Drives

Plus：if you have RTX2080TI installed, remember, unplug the card first. After installing the newest driver 415 then plug the card.


To do that you will need another PC connected to the same network as your other PC, so on your PC which you have Windows install on (I presume) use Tftpd32 it's a DHCP and network booting daemon.

Download Grub4dos.
Set tftpd32 to have grldr as boot file.
Download plop boot manager (google is your best bet).
On the client PC set it to a PXE-boot or network boot.
Turn off dhcpd from your router of you're using it.
Boot the old-pc.
Once your in grub, select command line.

Type in :

map --mem (pd)/plpbt.img (fd0)
map --hook
root (fd0)
chainloader +1
boot

Then you'll be in plop boot manager and you'll be able to boot from usb from now on.


Black Screen with cursor - Booting from HardDisk & LiveCD

Finally solved,

First of all thanks to @LuisAlvarado who points me to run memtest86!

When I run the memtest86 it restarted automatically after few seconds, I realize this means some kind of issues with the RAM memory.

I removed all my RAM modules and begin to test them 1 by 1 and then I saw the issue with the 3rd module, somehow it's broken and was giving all this issues.

Another thing I realized is that the BIOS of the M2N32 has an option Quick Boot set to true, so the motherboard avoid testing the ram, if this option wasn't enabled I could find and fix the issue even faster.


Ubuntu 13.10 - no USB devices after restart

What I would do is uninstall 13.10 and then do a reinstall. Most likely what happened is that Wine was in the middle of gaining access to USB devices so it could use your mouse and keyboard when you shutdown the computer and then the drivers got corrupted.


xfce4-power-manager suspend to hibernate option?

I had a similar problem, and found your question before I stumbled on the answer:

  xfconf-query -c xfce4-power-manager -p /xfce4-power-manager/logind-handle-lid-switch -n -t bool -s true

This page is where I found the answer:

  https://docs.xfce.org/xfce/xfce4-power-manager/faq

If you want everything time related, then you can set them with settings in systemd and logind.conf

Here's a place to start:

  https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/systemd#Power_management

I hope this helps you!


man 5 group states that the forth section of each line is (emphasis added):

  a list of the usernames that are members of this group, separated by commas.

Having numeric user IDs in this list doesn't seem to work.

I think you have to use something like

sudo gpasswd -a $USER developers

or

sudo usermod $USER -aG developers

to actually add yourself to the developers group.

After that, logout and re-login, then use

id -Gn

to get a list of your groups.


UBuntu 14.04 LTS - switching between nvidia and nouveau drivers - blacklist

Blacklisting nouveau will not work, because they are contained in initrd. You would have to remove the module manually. I think the best way to switch between the drives is to use the tool Additional Drivers.


As we read in the systemd documentation the homed files should be available under /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-homed. That directory is missing in the latest release of systemd for Ubuntu focal (245.4-4ubuntu3).

I assume homed was not included in the LTS release as it is a major change and LTS releases prioritize stability over features.

If you wish, you may compile your own version of systemd from source (not recommended).

If doing so I would recommend looking into these guides from a user on Arch Linux:

https://www.reddit.com/r/archlinux/comments/fgc91b/with_systemd_245_landing_in_repos_systemdhomed_is/

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd-homed


A lot of people were downloading Ubuntu 10.10 on the same server where you tried to download Ubuntu 10.04, maybe that the reason or maybe your connection is too slow. Either way the best solution for you is to use Bittorrent download, here are the torrents for Ubuntu 10.04 LTS :

Ubuntu 10.04.3 Desktop 32-Bit

Ubuntu 10.04.3 Desktop 64-Bit

The others versions are here : http://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu/alternative-download#bt


I don't know of a program that will list the file type as dircolors knows it. I suspect there isn't, though it would be a nice addition to dircolors But you can dump the database and find there the ones you want to change. For example, for directories:
$ dircolors -p|grep dir

# Configuration file for dircolors, a utility to help you set the
# slackware version of dircolors) are recognized but ignored.
DIR 01;34 # directory
STICKY_OTHER_WRITABLE 30;42 # dir that is sticky and other-writable (+t,o+w)
OTHER_WRITABLE 34;42 # dir that is other-writable (o+w) and not sticky
STICKY 37;44 # dir with the sticky bit set (+t) and not other-writable

Now you know just how many different types of directories there are (for dicolors, they are just directories for file. Check the permissions of the white on pale-green directory with ls -ld your_directory
You can also list the colors with their meaning, in your system. Check this script.
I know these steps do not do exactly what you want: get the file type dircolors uses for a certain node. But, between the two they should help debug and you adjust your colors for those file types you cannot otherwise find.


ClamAV found infected files on Ubuntu server, what do I do now?

Do these files represent a security problem? Yes.
Will deleting them fix the problem? No.

You've been hacked. Judging from the location of these files, somebody found an exploit in a web script you were running, and they've managed to download these applications. These have allowed them to go on and install more junk which is sending out spam. Hence the blacklisting.

There is no easy recovery from this. This install is compromised trash.

Rescue your data off it, and then work out where the breach was before you put it back online. You cannot skip this and that might involve hiring a professional to pick through your setup, but if you don't find the ingress point, and you just push the same websites back online, you're going to get hacked open again.


Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04 on external hard drive

Yes it will. You will still be able to boot from your windows hard drive after you unplug your external hard drive. You will also be able to access your windows hard drive for any files that are in there if you want.

The run speeds of your Ubuntu will rely on your read and write speeds of the external hard drive. It is highly recommended that it is running off a USB 3.0 port else the speed limits of a USB 2.0 port will make things a little hard to use when you are running many things (like chrome)


Create a script with following containt

#!/bin/bash

first_u=$(awk  '{printf "%.0f" , $0/60;}' /proc/uptime)
while true
do
  uptime_m=$(awk  '{printf "%.0f" , $0/60;}' /proc/uptime)
  (( time_dif=$uptime_m - $first_u ))

 if [  $time_dif -eq 30 ]; then
   notify-send "You have on laptop since 30 minutes"
   sleep 1800
    notify-send "You have on laptop since 1 hour"
   sleep 1800
    notify-send "You have on laptop since 1:30 hour"
   sleep 1800
    notify-send "You have on laptop since 2 hour"
   break
 fi
 sleep 50
done

Save it and make it executable using

chmod a+x <script_name>

Now run it

 ./<script_name>


It looks like your disk is badly damaged. Your partition table appears to be intact and is sensible, but Boot Info Script says the partitions all contain unknown filesystems. This suggests that either the partition table information is wrong or the filesystems have all been damaged by something -- improper use of low-level commands like dd, a malicious virus, a failing disk, etc.

Recovery might be possible, but will require considerable expertise. If the partition table is damaged, TestDisk might be able to recover the partitions, but I don't think that's the problem. If I'm right in this, your best bet is likely to be to wipe everything and recover it all from a backup. You do have a backup, right? If not, you might be able to pull your important files off the disk with PhotoRec or something similar, but you'll need a clean disk for recovery. The last I checked, PhotoRec did a poor job of recovering filenames, so you might end up spending a lot of time reviewing and renaming files. Some Windows-specific tools supposedly do a better job recovering filenames, but I have no specific pointers.

In case your disk is failing, you might want to run a SMART examination of the disk before you restore data to it. If the disk is physically failing, there's no point in trying to re-install to it, since you'll just hit problems right away.


Yes, there is a Linux (and Windows/Mac) based SSTP (and lot more) VPN Server.  It is called SoftEther VPN (http://www.softether.org).  Best of off, it is free.  Granted, there are couple of limitations with the free version (for example, cannot use external authentication, client certificates etc.)

In general, it seems to work fine.  It is easy to install, use and manage.  Has decently good documentation.  Has quite a few options.  I used it on Ubuntu 13.04 release.  It does serve my SSTP server requirements.


I posted this a while ago on a (now) deleted Q/A. Maybe it is useful to you.

A patch to allow (very) long messages

The "patch" below will allow you to have notifications as long as it takes on your desktop:

In case of (very) long notifications, instead of this:

you will see this:

The duration of the message is automatically set to the length of the text.

What it does

Notifications, send by notify-osd (notify-send), are limited to appr. 120 characters.
The solution "listens" to sent messages, using dbus-monitor. If a message exceeds the 120 characters, it takes over the messages and uses "its own" message window to display the notification, as shown above.

The scripts

The setup exists of two sections; de "listen-" script, which intercepts the notifications:

#!/bin/bash

currdir="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"

dbus-monitor "interface='org.freedesktop.Notifications'" |\
 grep --line-buffered "string" |\
 grep --line-buffered -e method -e ":" -e '""' -e urgency -e notify -v |\
 grep --line-buffered '.*(?=string)|(?<=string).*' -oPi |\
 grep --line-buffered -v '^\s*$' |\
 xargs -I '{}' $currdir/message {}

Copy the script into an empty file and save it as catch_notifs.sh
The script that creates the replacement- notifications:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import os
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import GObject, Gtk, Gdk, Pango
from threading import Thread
import time
import sys

text = sys.argv[1]
length = len(text)
showtime = length/20

def get_screen():
    scr = [s.split("x") for s in subprocess.check_output([
        "xrandr"]).decode("utf-8").split() if "+0+0" in s][0]
    return int(scr[0]) -450

class Splash(Gtk.Window):

    def __init__(self):
        Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="splashtitle")
        maingrid = Gtk.Grid()
        self.add(maingrid)
        maingrid.set_border_width(20)
        label = Gtk.Label(text)
        label.set_line_wrap(True)
        label.set_max_width_chars(45)
        label.modify_font(Pango.FontDescription('Ubuntu 11'))
        maingrid.attach(label, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        self.stop = Thread(target=self.close_window)
        self.stop.start()

    def close_window(self):
        time.sleep(showtime)
        Gtk.main_quit()

def splashwindow():
    window = Splash()
    window.set_decorated(False)
    window.set_resizable(False)
    window.override_background_color(Gtk.StateType.NORMAL, Gdk.RGBA(0,0,0,1))
    window.modify_fg(Gtk.StateFlags.NORMAL, Gdk.color_parse("white"))
    # window.set_opacity(0.8)
    window.move(get_screen(), 80)
    window.set_keep_above(True)
    window.show_all()
    window.set_default_size(200, 500)
    GObject.threads_init()
    Gtk.main()

if len(text) > 120:
    subprocess.Popen(["pkill", "notify-osd"])
    splashwindow()

Copy the script above into an empty file, save it as (exactly!) message (no extension) and make it executable.
Store both scripts in one and the same directory.
Test- run the script by the command (from a terminal window):

/bin/bash /path/to/catch_notifs.sh

(keep it running)

You can test the setup by running (in another terminal):

notify-send '<long_text>'

If all works fine, add it to Startup Applications: Dash > Startup Applications > Add. Add the command:

/bin/bash /path/to/catch_notifs.sh

And it should work :)


Cannot open Gedit display on Ubuntu Server 12.04

I used nano instead of gedit.

sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf

Woo hoo, my Ubuntu Server is now working!!  :)


To only get the total minutes of the day, I would use the following command:

$ date "+%H*60+%M" | bc

Example:

$ date +%R
09:30
$ date "+%H*60+%M" | bc
570

The trick is to format the date output to allow bc to interpret and calculate the formula.


Sync applications/settings between desktop and laptop

You can use Oneconf which uses Ubuntu One to sync your installed applications. Once installed (the package name is oneconf), it is used from Sowtware center's File menu.


Is it a good idea to have a LAMP on your desktop

No, it's not a bad idea. The only downside is that LAMP consumes resource.  But it harms little as long as you can afford it.

Also, many applications (for example, express framework) nowadays run nodejs webservers of their own, so how bad could it be to run another apache?


Ok I got it. Sweet relief!

When I updated (running sudo do-release-upgrade), I kept the installed version of NGINX, and I thought I would get a similar offer to keep or upgrade php7.0. That didn't happen. When the upgrade completed something happened to php7.0 rendering it useless.

I had to modify some files to get my server running again.
The files I edited were:
/etc/nginx/sites-available/default
/etc/php/7.2/fpm/pool.d/www.conf

I ran sudo apt install php7.2 php7.2-fpm  php-common php7.2-cli php7.2-common php7.2-json php7.2-opcache to update php7.2. It did the upgrade, to php7.2. The server reported a version of php7.2 prior to doing this step but it wasn't working, so I upgraded it anyway.

I then modified my /etc/nginx/sites-available/default file to include the line:
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
this points the nginx to the version of php I have now installed.

then, I ran
sudo systemctl enable php7.2-fpm
sudo systemctl start php7.2-fpm
to enable php7.2, and start it.

Php scripts now run, but only when accessed directly. html & htm pages with embedded php still aren't working at this step.

I tested my nginx config files with:
sudo nginx -t
sudo systemctl reload nginx
 the nginx config files gave no errors. but at this step, the htm & html pages were still showing "Access Denied".

Next I modified line 389 of /etc/php/7.2/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
to include the line: security.limit_extensions = .php .html .htm

Then I restarted php7.2:
sudo systemctl restart php7.2-fpm.service

At this point the server was now behaving as I would expect: php script render html page components, htm, & html files render properly.
After this, my server was working


verify ownership on all files and directories associated with packages

If the deb package is still beneath /var/cache/apt/archives/, then you can use dpkg -c <packagename> to list the contents of the package. Example output for package apt-file_2.5.1_all.deb (I'm on a Debian system right now):

drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./etc/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./etc/apt/
-rw-r--r-- root/root      2144 2012-06-03 10:32 ./etc/apt/apt-file.conf
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./etc/bash_completion.d/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       748 2012-06-03 10:32 ./etc/bash_completion.d/apt-file
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/bin/
-rwxr-xr-x root/root     10584 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/bin/diffindex-download
-rwxr-xr-x root/root      8762 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/bin/diffindex-rred
-rwxr-xr-x root/root     23919 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/bin/apt-file
-rwxr-xr-x root/root      6437 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/bin/rapt-file
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/share/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/share/apt-file/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       558 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/share/apt-file/apt-file-update.update-notifier
-rwxr-xr-x root/root        98 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/share/apt-file/do-apt-file-update
-rwxr-xr-x root/root       370 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/share/apt-file/is-cache-empty
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/share/man/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/share/man/man1/
-rw-r--r-- root/root      2628 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/share/man/man1/apt-file.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root       905 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/share/man/man1/diffindex-download.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root       646 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/share/man/man1/diffindex-rred.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root      1023 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/share/man/man1/rapt-file.1.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/share/doc/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./usr/share/doc/apt-file/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       401 2012-06-02 18:50 ./usr/share/doc/apt-file/README
-rw-r--r-- root/root       464 2012-06-02 18:50 ./usr/share/doc/apt-file/copyright
-rw-r--r-- root/root      8634 2012-06-03 10:28 ./usr/share/doc/apt-file/changelog.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./var/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./var/cache/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./var/cache/apt/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2012-06-03 10:32 ./var/cache/apt/apt-file/

You can now check the permissions and set them accordingly.

This site has a script (printed below) that you could use to re-set the permissions according to the packages present on your system.
To limit the scope of the script to a single .deb package, copy the package in question from /var/cache/apt/archives/ to another folder and put that folder in the ARCHIVE_DIR variable of the script.

#!/bin/bash
# Restores file permissions for all files on a debian system for which .deb
# packages exist.
#
# Author: Larry Kagan <me at larrykagan dot com>
# Since 2007-02-20
ARCHIVE_DIR=/var/cache/apt/archives/
PACKAGES=`ls $ARCHIVE_DIR`
cd /
function changePerms()
{
CHOWN="/bin/chown"
CHMOD="/bin/chmod"
PERMS=`echo $1 | sed -e 's/--x/1/g' -e 's/-w-/2/g' -e 's/-wx/3/g' -e 's/r--/4/g' -e 's/r-x/5/g' -e 's/rw-/6/g' -e 's/rwx/7/g' -e 's/---/0/g'`
PERMS=`echo ${PERMS:1}`
OWN=`echo $2 | /usr/bin/tr '/' '.'`
PATHNAME=$3
PATHNAME=`echo ${PATHNAME:1}`
echo -e "CHOWN: $CHOWN $OWN $PATHNAME"
result=`$CHOWN $OWN $PATHNAME`
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo -e $result
fi
echo -e "CHMOD: $CHMOD $PERMS $PATHNAME"
result=`$CHMOD $PERMS $PATHNAME`
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo -e $result
fi
}
for PACKAGE in $PACKAGES;
do
if [ -d $PACKAGE ]; then
continue;
fi
echo -e "Getting information for $PACKAGE\n"
FILES=`/usr/bin/dpkg -c "${ARCHIVE_DIR}${PACKAGE}"`
for FILE in "$FILES";
do
echo "$FILE" | awk '{print $1"\t"$2"\t"$6}' | while read line;
do
changePerms $line
done
done
done


What does "ii" mean in "dpkg --list" command output?

The first i is the desired action, i stands for install.

The second i is the current package status, i stands for installed.

From man dpkg-query:

  The first three columns of the output show the desired action, the package status, and errors, in that order.

  Desired action:

            u = Unknown
            i = Install
            h = Hold
            r = Remove
            p = Purge

  Package status:

            n = Not-installed
            c = Config-files
            H = Half-installed
            U = Unpacked
            F = Half-configured
            W = Triggers-awaiting
            t = Triggers-pending
            i = Installed

  Error flags:

           <empty> = (none)
            R = Reinst-required


Instead of running all of Steam with optirun I would suggest starting Steam normally and editing the program settings to use the launch command of "optirun %command%" (without the quotes). This will limit the memory of your graphics card to being used only by the game itself. I'm not sure if that will help with the other issues you are having but it may help.


Mysql Server shuts down periodically on ubuntu

It says what is wrong right in the error message. It is out of memory.

It could be a 32-bit application with 2–3 GB memory restriction that 32-bit apps have. You can run file $(which mysqld) and see whether the output mentions x86-64 or 32-bit/i386.

Or there could be a upper limit on the server. Check the configuration in /etc/mysql/my.cnf and look at the upper memory limits.


Dealing with space in file links using bash

You need to quote your variables. This should do what you want:

#!/bin/bash

cd /media/ptrknvk/'TOSHIBA EXT'/Shows/My/'Doctor Who'/

url0='DW s11e0'
url1='DW s11e'

for(( i=1; i<11; i++ ))
do
    if ! [ $i -gt 9 ];
    then
        mkvmerge -o "$url0$i.mkv" "$url0$i.mkv" "$url0$i.srt" &&
        rm "$url0$i.srt"
    else
        mkvmerge -o "$url1$i.mkv" "$url1$i.mkv" "$url1$i.srt" &&
        rm "$url1$i.srt"
    fi
done

Note that I also added a && after each mkvmerge command so the rm only runs if the mkvmerge was successful. You don't want to delete the subtitle file if the merge failed!

That said, although there's absolutely nothing wrong with your approach, I feel you could make it considerable simpler and more elegant using shell globbing instead:

#!/bin/bash

for file in "/media/ptrknvk/TOSHIBA EXT/Shows/My/Doctor Who/"DW*mkv; do
  srtFile=${file//.mkv/.srt}
  mkvmerge -o "$file" "$file" "$srtFile" && rm "$srtFile"
done

You don't even need a script for this. You can just run it directly in the terminal as a one liner:

for file in "/media/ptrknvk/TOSHIBA EXT/Shows/My/Doctor Who/"DW*mkv; do
  mkvmerge -o "$file" "$file" "${file//.mkv/.srt}" && rm "${file//.mkv/.srt}";
done


Check if it will work if you have a copy of ochem.sty in the same location as your latex source file it is likely located in /usr/share/texmf-texlive/tex/latex/ochem, if this works then it is likely that you need to just run; sudo mktexlsr in your terminal for latex to re-examine all of your style files,


Unable to boot 11.10 due to graphic driver problem with ati Radeon HD6470M o Amd A8 quad core

as I have a similar model, maybe the following report about installing Debian can help.


Man page lines are full-justified, ie. they are both left- and right- aligned. Therefore some lines need larger spacing between words, and some smaller. The same occurs if you full-justify text in any word processor, eg. LibreOffice Writer.


To make this work, I have to boot my mac with efi .

My solution was based on EFI-Booting Ubuntu on a Mac.

The writer there says that you have 2 grub files on your efi partition but there should only be one (grubx64.efi) .

The mac is now 5-10°C cooler and the startup is now very short .


Making window moves/drags as wireframes in LXDE?

I had this problem using xrdp. There doesn't seem to be any effort to implement this function in openbox (see https://bugzilla.icculus.org/show_bug.cgi?id=3342 ). However, there is the possibility to use an alternative window manager with LXDE (see https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/LXDE#Use_a_different_window_manager -> option: "window_manager=" ), which then offers this function (in my case, JWM helped -> option: MoveMode and ResizeMode in .jwmrc). Fluxbox will also work.


How to create a new user without home directory and with specific UID

First - UIDs less than 1000 are usually system reserved, pick a higher UID.

Second - Why are you wanting it to not have a home directory.  Keep in mind the --no-create-home doesn't mean the user doesn't have a home directory assigned, it just isn't created.  An error will be logged every time that user logs in.

Third - Please remember to post errors your get, else we can only assume as to what the problem is.  I'm assuming it has to do with the name format, in which case, you can bypass this using --force-badname, as the error message would say, or use all lower case characters.

*edit typo


Graphics show up as unknown on a Dell Inspiron 1564

Installing mesa-utils will allow the graphics card to be recognized as an Intel Ironlake Mobile, but your experience will stay standard. I have not yet figured out how to get the full compiz experience with this graphics card.


According to their official website:

  VLSub is not working with Vlc 2.1.x on any platform because the lua
  "net" module needed to interact with opensubtitles has been removed in
  this release for the extensions. Works with Vlc 2.2 on mac and linux.

Too bad Ubuntu has 2.1.x. So, first step is to get a more recent version of VLC:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:videolan/master-daily
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install vlc

At the time of writing, the VLSub plugin in the Ubuntu repositories (0.9.10-1) does not search for subtitles, and the latest version from GitHub has problems opening the subtitle once downloaded. So, I created a fork that actually works (tested on VLC 2.2.0~~git20140609+r57027+123~ubuntu14.04.1 and all later releases, no problems so far):

wget https://github.com/kraxor/vlsub/archive/master.zip
unzip master.zip
cd vlsub-master

To install locally, type:

cp vlsub.lua ~/.local/share/vlc/lua/extensions/

Or install system-wide:

sudo cp vlsub.lua /usr/lib/vlc/lua/extensions/

And you're done. Enjoy.


Will GNOME be updated to 3.30 in Ubuntu 18.04 by itself?

If you wish to keep 18.04, then you must upgrade Gnome yourself manually (not supported; you're on your own) or learn to love Gnome 3.28.

Ubuntu does NOT upgrade software after release, with only three exceptions: Security patches, Major Bugfix patches, and specific pre-exempted applications (like web browsers) that release often and have short support periods.

Ubuntu uses a snapshot system of repo management, not a rolling system. Users who want the latest software are expected to release-upgrade their software every six months. That's the choice: Regular upgrades, or no changes. You cannot have both in a deb-based system.

Developers are working to move Gnome from a deb-based to a Snap-based system, which would solve your problem - the 6-month releases wouldn't matter, and you could upgrade Gnome anytime after the Snap is packaged. However, this project is still in the very early stages, and not likely to be ready for you to test for another year or two.


How to enable impress presenter-console?

The presenter-console can be enabled in

tools -> options -> LibreOffice Impress -> general -> Enable Presenter Console


Adding custom path by updating ~/.profile with not working

Don't use a space before or after = when you assign a value to a variable in bash. The right way is:

PATH="/user/share/android-sdk-linux/tools:$PATH"

For the changes to take effect, restart your computer or source your .profile file using the following command:

source ~/.profile

If you want to change the path for all users, add that line in /etc/profile file. Again a restart is required.


the first thing you could do is to check the shortcut settings.
It's in the System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts

Make sure it's still assigned to Ctrl + Alt + T
And the second thing is to check the hardware, make sure these keys are working.


Wine installation not completing due to held broken packages

Type in terminal

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get purge wine*
sudo apt-get install -f

You can install wine after it.


I had a similar issue on my dell inpiron, and solved it though several steps.  There are a few needed applications, and an edit to /etc/rc.local

Install indicator-cpufreq, cpufrequtils:  Open a terminal window ctrl+alt+t and enter

sudo apt-get install indicator-cpufreq
sudo apt-get install cpufreq-utils

These will help monitor your cpu

The edit to rc.local tells Ubuntu to ignore some settings in your bios, and will need to be customized for the number of CPU's that you have.

sudo nano /etc/rc.local

Before the line which says "exit 0", enter the lines

echo 1 > /sys/module/processor/parameters/ignore_ppc

for x in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-3]/cpufreq/;do
  echo 2501000 > $x/scaling_max_freq
done

replace "2501000" with the maximum frequency of your CPU, in kHz (it should be 2401000) - the extra '1' in the frequency indicates turbo mode

You can determine the max frequency your system supports by

cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies

Reboot, and everything should be good.


You can find most of the application by pressing:

Super + A

Where "Super" is the key with the Windows logo on it (we don't like to call it the Windows key, as you'll see in most of the tutorials). There, you can type the name of the application you're searching for, or just scroll down and search for it.

If you just press Super, it'll show you a mix of applications, files and folders you've recently used. Super + F will take you to files and folders.

Here's an screenshot:

If you still prefer a more classic menú, like the one in Windows XP or 7, with categories etc, you can install classicmenu-indicator with this three commands.

Open a terminal (use the Super key and type gnome-terminal) and then type:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:diesch/testing
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install classicmenu-indicator

When it's done, just start classicmenu-indicator by searching for it in the same dash, or if you're still in the terminal type:

classicmenu-indicator

You'll see a more intuitive menu appear on the top right of your screen. Browse it and if you like it, you can set it in the options so it auto-launch when you log in.

Might I add if there's a program you run very often, you can right click on its icon on the left bar and check "lock it to the launcher" or "pin to the launcher" so it'll stay there for a quicker access (not sure what the exact words are because I'm using the Catalan translation, but I'm sure you'll find the option).


can an iso file be erased from a liveusb?

USB flash drives are reusable devices that read and write to flash memory, a solid-state storage medium that's both inexpensive and durable. You can overwrite and/or reformat a USB flash drive multiple times, very many times indeed.


How to write a shell script to check port and kill it?

You can make use of this command to delete port in Ubuntu.

sudo kill $(sudo lsof -t -i:portno)

The lsof command or list of open files with -i flag will find out all the running process of specific port and gives the corresponding process Id. The kill option will terminate the process with pid given from the lsof command.

So if you want to kill process running on port 3000, you will have to execute the following command

sudo kill $(sudo lsof -t -i:3000)


Uninstall 32-bit dual-boot, increase partition size, install 64-bit

First things first

Backup your current configuration with a tool like clonezilla! If something goes wrong, it's always nice to be able to revert back to a working system

The answer

Delete the Ubuntu partition(s) and install alongside Windows

You don't really need to "uninstall" Ubuntu per se. You can simply delete the partition(s) it is using. Here's what you'll want to do:

Delete all of the partitions used by Ubuntu 12.04 so that that space becomes unformatted and unpartitioned on the disk. Do this from Windows or an Ubuntu live OS.
Resize whatever needs to be resized. This should increase your unpartitioned space on the disk. Make sure that you resize everything such that the space that is freed up for your Ubuntu install is appended to the already unpartitioned space that will be used for your new Ubuntu install. Basically, you want one long continuous section of unpartitioned space. You do not want to have unpartitioned space followed by partitioned space followed by more unpartitioned space. If this is unavoidable, you can still use a disk that has fragmented unpartitioned space, but you'll have to use LVM. That's beyond what I'll post here and is a topic deserving it's own question. If you need to use LVM, don't proceed to the following steps.
With your disk resized, go ahead and boot into your 16.04 live OS and start installation.
When you come to the section for "Installation type" the installer should see the unpartitioned space and offer to allow you to install alongside Windows 7. Select that option, and Ubuntu will automatically install to the unpartitioned space.

Don't worry about grub

You shouldn't have to worry about grub. Grub will reinstall at the end of your Ubuntu 16.04 installation, so you shouldn't have anything to worry about there.


All you need to do is edit the category properties on the left sidebar.

It is listed as "Active Downloads".

You can also make multiple categories to have many default settings based on a lot of features.


windows xp dual-boot (wubi install) stopped working for ubuntu - gives "missing or corrupt system32\hal.dll" error

The 2 wubildr files were missing from c:\ (?) - copied wubildr.mbr over and got a "cannot find GRLDR" error. Looked that up and copied wubildr as well (both from C:\ubuntu\winboot), and presto!


How to convert AC3 6ch audio to HE-AAC? GUI solution?

Nero AAC Encoder usage

neroAacEnc does support HE-AAC and HE-AAC v2 via -he and -hev2 parameters.

This encoder is (still?) considered to be the best encoder quality wise. Nero offers it free of charge but doesn't give support for it. One problem you will encounter with large files like 5.1 WAV is the file size limitation. It is not due to this encoder being crippleware, but how to handle large numbers in a program. To workaround this you need to pipe the input with another program to the encoder and use the -ignorelength parameter. If you input format is already WAV the following should work:

cat $myfile | neroAacEnc -q 0.5 -he -ignorelength -if - -of $myencodedfile

You can also use avconv (formerly known as ffmpeg, now forked and with the CLI tool being renamed) to do the conversion to WAV.

avconv -i $myfile -f wav - | neroAacEnc -q 0.3 -he -ignorelength -if - -of $myencodedfile

Note that the resulting file is a MP4 with a AAC stream in a MP4 container, not a raw AAC stream. You can extract the raw stream with MP4Box from the gpac package if you want to.

Nero AAC quality setting

The quality setting depends on the profile you use. With LC-AAC you can go up to -q 1.0. HE-ACC is limited to -q 0.5, I think, and HE-AAC v2 even lower. This is due the techniques behind those profiles that are centered around low bitrates.  Using -q 0.5 will result in a file larger than common AC3 6ch audio from a DVD, using -q 0.3 will cut the file size in half.

Advice for codec and quality choice on multichannel audio

The situation is (still?) really messy, which is why there exist no easy to use GUI like Handbrake. The most efficient codec is HE-AAC v2 but it is not well supported in Ubuntu, due to licensing/patent issues in some countries. Vorbis is good too, but less efficient. Multichannel mapping should be fixed in the latest LTS release (12.04, it wasn't in 10.04). Leaving out MP3, AC3 comes in third place. FLAC is 4th on efficiency and the most supported lossless format. DTS is a complete looser and should be also left out, like MP3. Convert to FLAC if you can.

So if you have AC3 encoded audio, you probably leave it at that if the device and container format supports it. The chart for supported media formats on Android might be helpful.

Appendix: neroAacEnc help file

Usage:
neroAacEnc [options] -if <input-file> -of <output-file>
Where:
<input-file>  : Path to source file to encode.
                The file must be in Microsoft WAV format and contain PCM data.
                Specify - to encode from stdin.
                Note that multiple input files can be specified, they will be
                encoded together into a single output file with chapter marks
                indicating source file divisions.
<output-file> : Path to output file to encode to, in MP4 format.

  ==== Available options: ====

Quality/bitrate control:
-q <number>   : Enables "target quality" mode.
                <number> is a floating-point number in 0...1 range.
-br <number>  : Specifies "target bitrate" mode.
                <number> is target bitrate in bits per second.
-cbr <number> : Specifies "target bitrate (streaming)" mode.
                <number> is target bitrate in bits per second.
                When neither of above quality/bitrate options is used,
                the encoder defaults to equivalent of -q 0.5

Multipass encoding:
-2pass        : Enables two-pass encoding mode.
                Note that two-pass more requires a physical file as input,
                rather than stdin.
-2passperiod  : Overrides two-pass encoding bitrate averaging period,
  <number>    : in milliseconds.
              : Specify zero to use least restrictive value possible (default).

Advanced features / troubleshooting:
-lc           : Forces use of LC AAC profile (HE features disabled).
-he           : Forces use of HE AAC profile (HEv2 features disabled).
-hev2         : Forces use of HEv2 AAC profile
                Note that the above switches (-lc, -he, -hev2) should not be
                used; optimal AAC profile is automatically determined from
                quality/bitrate settings when no override is specified.
-ignorelength : Ignores length signaled by WAV headers of input file.
                Useful for certain frontends using stdin.


If you are running into specific errors, it would be useful to have them in your post to help us diagnose the problem. But to install xampp, it should be as easy as:

wget https://www.apachefriends.org/xampp-files/5.6.20/xampp-linux-x64-5.6.20-0-installer.run
sudo su
chmod +x xampp-linux-x64-5.6.20-0-installer.run
./xampp-linux-x64-5.6.20-0-installer.run

Taken from http://www.ubuntumaniac.com/2016/04/install-xampp-5620-on-ubuntu-1604.html.


how to shift window title name on ubuntu-gnome from middle to left side on ubuntu-gnome 14.04?

"Ffffffff, Old question" You thought. :)

Your question associate with your desktop Window Manager.
e.g. In GNOME the WM is gnome-shell so you should find a way to change the title position in gnome-shell. As far as I know there is no extension,etc for that so you should edit gnome-shell config files (NOT recommended) for it. Fortunately in GNOME 3.26 tweaks provided a new setting that you can change the control buttons in window (hope they provide a new setting for change window title position in future).
Also if anyone know how to change the window title position in gnome-shell I'll glad to know how to change it.


How can I physically identify a single drive in a RAID array?

Disk Utility (sitting in System -> Administration) will give you the serial numbers for all your disks.

Here's what I see (look at the top-right for the serial). You'll notice that this drive is within a mdadm RAID array. Disk Utility can penetrate the array for raw disk access.

I have 6 of the same model of disk in my PC so I drew a little diagram showing their  position in the case and the serial number so I can locate them quickly on serial in an emergency.

The opposite is also true in that if a disk dies, I just need to find which disks are showing up and I can eliminate them until I know which serial is missing.

Edit: I'm trying to improve my bash-fu so I wrote this command line version to just give you a list of disk serial numbers that are current in your machine. fdisk may chuck out some errors but that doesn't taint the list:

for disk in `sudo fdisk -l | grep -Eo '(/dev/[sh]d[a-z]):' | sed -E 's/://'`;
do
    sudo hdparm -i $disk | grep -Eo 'SerialNo=.*' | sed -E 's/SerialNo=//';
done

(And you can crumble that into one line if you need to - I've broken it up for readability)

Edit 2: ls /dev/disk/by-id/ is somewhat easier ;)


How do I install drivers for the Atheros AR8161 Ethernet controller?

The AR8161 is a very new combined Ethernet/Bluetooth controller and its driver alx is in the testing/QA process, so it's not in the kernel yet.
To build and install the driver:
We will download a recent compat-wireless-pc driver package, install build dependencies, select the AR8161 module alx, build and install it.
Type/paste the following, line-by-line, in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-generic linux-headers-`uname -r`
wget -O- http://linuxwireless.org/download/compat-wireless-2.6/compat-wireless-2012-07-03-pc.tar.bz2 | tar -xj
cd compat-wireless-2012-07-03-pc
./scripts/driver-select alx
make
sudo make install

You can then reboot, or manually load the driver with:

sudo modprobe alx


Onboard HDMI Audio Stops Working When TV Turned off

When you turn off your TV, Ubuntu loses it's audio output (the TV); so it no longer makes that an option. Try running:

sudo alsa force-reload


mv a folder and now the folder seems gone

folder is now located in the parent of the parent (../..) of the directory that was the current directory at time the mv command was executed.

If your intention was to move folder into /var you should have done:

mv /var/www/folder/ /var/www/folder/../../

Or simply

mv /var/www/folder/ /var/

To display current directory use pwd, for example

$ pwd
/home/jay/tmp/test

$ mv /var/www/folder/ ../../

$ ls -d ../../folder
../../folder

or equivalent

$ ls -d /home/jay/folder
/home/jay/folder


I looked up your account and see that your account is on the server that was experiencing high loads the past few days. We have this under better control now and file sync performance should be much better, including your small file being synced successfully rather than the sync continually being reset.


Starting the Bluetooth Manager while bluetooth is disabled brings up this error message.

The fix is to start up the bluetooth service via terminal with the command below:

NOTE: Don't type the $ in the command below, it is used to show the terminal prompt and the terminal response below it showing that bluetooth service has been started successfully.

$ sudo /etc/init.d/bluetooth start
[ ok ] Starting bluetooth (via systemctl): bluetooth.service.

Once the bluetooth service has been started, starting the Bluetooth Manager again brings this window up:

In which case, just press the Enable Bluetooth button to enable bluetooth and start the main window as seen below.

Finally, search and add your bluetooth devices using the Search button on the top left corner.


Error: version number does not start with digit

I have successfully installed my air app with no version number does not start with digit error. What I did was to downgrade my dpkg-1.16.0 to dpkg-1.15.8 using the following command:
 dpkg --force-downgrade -i /pathofnewdpkg/dpkg_1.15.8.4ubuntu3_i386.deb

I have downloaded the older package here.
Since the version-policy is enforced on the current version of dpkg, the dpkg-1.16.0, installing an air app that violates this versioning policy of Debian will really cause an error.


How to install Java from official site java.com?

I use a package named update-sun-java for this purpose.  It is distributed through a ppa (I'm not at home, so don't have my repository list available now; I'll try to update this later), so some might consider this excessively risky, but I've been using it this way for several years.  This ppa maintainer obtains the Java runtime and other packages direct from Oracle/Sun/whoever, and packages them in a .deb.

I find I usually have a one or two day delay after a new update drops from the originator before the ppa makes an update available.  Browsers don't use this much any more, but I still use Java software locally on my computer, so I keep this ppa active on my system.

In searching for the PPA name I use, I found there is now a group called LinuxUprising who are doing the same job, possibly having taken over from the maintainer I'm used to.  Their ppa:linuxuprising/java isn't familiar to me, but Google brings it up when I try to search for the one I'm used to.


sudo apt-get install python

Do sudo apt-get install for the other packages that you want to reinstall.


16.04 AMD Graphics card not used properly

The solution was to remove nomodeset from kernel parameters in grub. This enabled radeon driver and dual monitor setup with correct resolutions was immediately correct after startup.

Unfortunately the radeon driver (and/or perhaps the GPU itself) seems to be little on the slow side with current desktop environments using dual monitor with multiple windows open etc.


How to create Wi-Fi hotspot in Ubuntu 12.04?

This will do the trick I guess: https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/ubuntu-help/net-wireless-adhoc.html


Is good to create 3 partition:

root [mount point / ]
home [mount point /home ]
swap [ mount point swap ]

Why? On root partition will be you system aka installation of OS and application. On home will be you data like user on system. This two partition is separated because in some cases when you will to change version on will to do fresh install your data will be safe on separate partition. Swap will help your ram memory.
You don't specify hdd size but for system is enough 20 GB, for swap 2x ram mem size in your case 4 GB. The rest is for your data aka /home partition


How to get unity build dependencies after apply the LTS Enablement Stacks?

I've solved that problem by installing xserver-xorg-dev package.

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-dev


Failed to create OpenGL context. Your graphics card must support at least OpenGL v3.1

nevermind. I just updated the driver and it work. I used this:

   sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
   sudo reboot
   sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
   sudo apt-get update
   sudo apt-get install nvidia-358
   sudo reboot


I accidentally deleted unity How do I reinstall it

Assuming your title has the correct wording, here's how to get Unity back:

Press Ctrl + Alt + F2 to enter TTY.
From here, login with your username and password.
Once the prompt appears, run sudo apt-get install unity.

If you only somehow disabled Unity, this should get it working again:

Press Ctrl + Alt + F2 to enter TTY.
From here, login with your username and password.
Once the prompt appears, run sudo apt-get install --reinstall unity ubuntu-desktop.


window decoration missing after upgrade to 13.04

I'm running with a Radeon HD 6400M, and 13.04 seems to really not like the updated graphics drivers (or at least, that's the conclusion I've come to). After installing them I had exactly the same issue.

For me, the following worked:

sudo apt-get purge fglrx

followed by (possibly after a reboot, I can't quite remember. Probably do one just to be sure)

gsettings reset org.compiz.core:/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/core/ active-plugins

The latter command seemed to take quite a long time to run, but once it had everything worked fine thereafter. Hope this helps.


Since I was using GPG 1.4.20 (sorry about forgetting that), the only thing that would work for me was the combined use of --batch and --no-use-agent. I'm assuming it was the agent running that produced the popup.


Can't volume or brightness levels be remembered?

This is not normal at all and it can be related to some problems affecting drivers, kernel, ecc. If you can't solve it updating Ubuntu, I think you should consider to file a bug for it in Launchpad, which is Ubuntu's bug-tracking platform. If you don't know how to do it, here's how to report a bug in Ubuntu.


How can I uninstall ubuntu and then install windows 8.1

Using disk management tool in windows, delete volumes where you have installed Ubuntu
Put Windows 8 installation disk and restart the computer. Go to BIOS/UEFI settings by pressing F10 or F12 at the boot time and choose boot from removable media
Chosee Repair your computer -> Troubleshoot -> Advanced options -> Command prompt
At the command prompt type: bootrec.exe /fixmbr
Restart your computer and boot from hard disk.


Ubuntu Server 16.04.1 LTS: Installed with Preseed file , taking to Black Screen after booting

This is happening because you are booting into the splash screen login (GUI) instead of the console.

You can fix this by disabling the splash screen in the preseed config:

d-i debian-installer/splash boolean false

Generally, I also enable verbose boot logging, to see what's starting:

d-i debian-installer/quiet boolean false


Get the list of input devices and you will see, if the touchpad is recognized.

  xinput

Also you can search the dconf-editor for the term "touchpad" to see, if its already enabled. Via Terminal:

  dconf-editor

Other suggestions here:

Grub Bootloader cause touchpad and trackpoint not working


Dell XPS improperly resuming from deep sleep

I came across this thread. I was able to fix the issue by disabling the "sign of life" options under the "POST behavior" section in the bios.


Cannot install Ubuntu on an Acer Aspire One 756

"The current security policy" is probably something to do with UEFI SecureBoot.

See:
Shimming your way to linux on Windows 8 PCs

There should be a way of switching this off in your BIOS.

The user guide for your machine available here Acer User Guide suggests that "Boot Mode" in the BIOS should be "Legacy" for a non windows 8 OS


How to permanently switch Caps Lock and Esc

Another way to do this is through the dconf-editor. This method has a few extra steps from gnome-tweak-tool, but is useful if you don't want to pull in the dependencies from the tweak tool.

This will allow you to use the caps:swapescape syntax and automatically make the change permanent.

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

After starting the dconf-editor, navigate to org >> gnome >> desktop >> input-sources

Add the options that you need in xkb-options. The option strings are surrounded by single quotes and separated by commas. Be careful not to delete the brackets on the ends.

You can use this method to enter most of the traditional xkb options that are no longer available in System Settings >> Text Entry. The exception are the settings for switching the keyboard layouts, which currently do not work because of a bug.

For a list of the options and the syntax, use man 7 xkeyboard-config in a terminal.

Another common option that could be used is terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp to allow ctrl+alt+backspace to end the X-session.


There's no mechanism in DNS for rewriting host names, so it is certainly not a DNS issue. There can be two culprits here, really:

Web server is somehow configured to redirect you
The web server was configured to redirect you, and your browser now caches this.

To verify this, first check that the DNS records are seen correctly. DNS can take some time to propagate. This can be verified with

dig +short example.org

In the case of verifying cname, do

dig +short example.org cname

Once you have verified that DNS is correctly confiured, use curl to check for any offending headers from the webserver.

curl -I http://example.org

Look for any lines starting with Location: which is redirects.

This will tell you about server configuration. Note that curl uses no caching, so it is always fresh information after configuration changes.

This is not a complete answer, but I believe it is the best possible given the information. If you update your question with more information I will expand the answer :)


If router2 is connected to an ethernet network ( hub / switch ) that is also connected to the dhcp clients, then they all need to be configured using a common IP address block. In this case 192.168.3.x

What is router2 ? ( cisco / juniper / linksys / openwrt ?? )


How to find out status of a job (scheduled with at)

Use the atq command. See man at for more information.


You aren't using the right path. I've never seen a system32 folder in an Ubuntu installation.

To locate the file you are looking for open a terminal with CtrlAltT and issue the command find . -name "resourcepacks"If the file exists you will get output of the full path and name similar to /path/to/resourcepacks


How to password protect a hidden directory

Have you tried using the application mentioned in https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EncryptedPrivateDirectory .

In case encfs is what you're looking for:

Create a hidden directory (this is the encrypted storage) and mount it's content to another directory.
$ encfs ~/.hidden_encrypted ~/hidden_contents

After adding adding the contents to ~/hidden_contents you can unmount it using
$ fusermount -u ~/hiddent_contents

To remount ~/.hidden_encrypted repeat step 1.


How to update to java 7 without interfering with java 6 dependent apps?

Depending on how you have Java 6 installed, the answer might be slightly different.

When installing Java through .deb or apt-get, the installation scripts will typically leverage the Debian alternatives system. The Debian alternatives system is just a simple solution to having multiple runtimes/versions of multiple applications on the same system by creating symbolic links in different locations.

Please note that if you installed Java from binary or source, that this might not apply (unless you configured it yourself).

To check to see if java is leveraging alternatives, run update-alternatives --list java. This will either return:

update-alternatives: error: no alternatives for java.

or

java - auto mode
  link currently points to /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/java - priority 1061
  slave java.1.gz: /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-i386/jre/man/man1/java.1.gz
/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/java - priority 1051
  slave java.1.gz: /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/man/man1/java.1.gz
Current 'best' version is '/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/java'.

If your java installation is leveraging the alternatives system, you can easily install multiple versions without disturbing the existing runtime. In the above example, I have two versions of Java installed, openjdk6 and openjdk7. If I just run /usr/bin/java -version, I am going to get the "best" alternative, which is currently pointing to openjdk6. I can also switch what "best" alternative to use, so that all applications that use the default java will point to one or the other.

In summary, if your application is explicitly calling the java binary (and not the alternative) then you're fine. If your application is using /usr/bin/java, then you want to make sure that installing another java version doesn't conflict with the system alternatives.

To find out more about alternatives and all the fun things you can do with them, take a look at the manual with man update-alternatives.

tl;dr No, they shouldn't conflict. Make sure that anything that depends on Java 6 or Java 7 is using the actual binary (not a symbolic link), as just running /usr/bin/java can have different results based on what your system alternatives look like.


Try to

sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak

then

startx


Close the notifications that hover over the current window

As Lord of Time said, this is not possible at this time....well..sort of.
There is a patched NotifyOSD that will allow you to close them on click and various other customizations.
Selected out-takes from http://www.webupd8.org

The patched NotifyOSD supports the following customizations:

close the notifications on click

There are other options listed but that one pertains specifically to your question.
There is a lot of information on the page I linked to so I will not just copy it all here, but refer you to the page so you can read more about it and decide if it's something you want to do.
You will need to enable a custom PPA repository to install this fix. This fix actually upgrades the libnotify-bin so to uninstall it you will actually have to downgrade by purging the PPA to make the lower version available again.  This is easiest to do by installing Ubuntu Tweak.  Purging the PPA thru Ubuntu Tweak will automatically reinstall the most current official version of libnotify again.


How to install ubuntu touch on a Fairphone 3 running Android 10

It works if you start recovery one time!!!!
Just wait a bit and when screen color changes you win


Why is my script file executable on a virtual machine?

sudo needs at least one execute bit set to execute the file i.e. you need to set the execute bit for (at least) user or group or others. If no execute bit is set you can't execute the file as sudo ./script.

This example will make you clear:

$ ls -l test_scr
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 30 May  4 03:50 test_scr

$ sudo ./test_scr
sudo: ./test_scr: command not found

$ ./test_scr
bash: ./test_scr: Permission denied

$ chmod u+x test_scr

$ sudo ./test_scr
Hello world

$ ./test_scr
Hello world

Also note that you don't need to make the file executable, you can run the file as an argument to the shell binary to execute it:

$ bash test_scr
Hello world

$ sudo bash test_scr
Hello world


RSA Public and private key authentication on command line/PHP

ssh-keygen offers a mechanism to compare private and public key files.

Let's say your public key is in public_key_file and the private key in private_key_file. Then doing

ssh-keygen -y -f private_key_file

will ask you for the passphrase, and then output something like

ssh-rsa e9gwUnostzLTWF+djmzcMNNS/YcWjZR...

whereas cat public_key_file will show

ssh-rsa e9gwUnostzLTWF+djmzcMNNS/YcWjZR... followed by a line containing user@hostname.

You could strip off the last line from the cat command and verify that is exactly equal to the output of the ssh-keygen -y command.


Trying to mount Windows partition - get Failed to mount:  is a directory

The standard form of the mount command, is: mount -t type device dir. You've got the order of the directory and the device switched in your command. Your command should be:

sudo mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sda3 /media/windows


I would create a symlink. Like so ...

sudo ln -s /opt/lampp/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql

Adding /opt/lampp/bin/ to your PATH is possible be seems overkill to me but you could also add this to your profile (~/.bash_profile)

PATH=$PATH:/opt/lampp/bin/:


Well, the solution turned out to be incredibly simple.

All this time something was disabled in the controller. I held the "ANALOG" button for 5 seconds and it magically started working. This wasn't documented anywhere...

So in case you're facing the same problem and you're using a cheap Chinese joystick, give this a try. Who knows, maybe it'll fix it.


Can't upgrade Ubuntu 18.04 LTS -> Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

Trying changing the update server. Use google to search all available update servers and edit the URL in the system using vim or nano.
Follow this link, it might help you.....
https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-select-the-fastest-apt-mirror-on-ubuntu-linux
Edit: Sometimes Ubuntu 20.04 may be in development version in your region, if you want the stable version change your mirror server.


I used the updater on ubuntu 14.04 and when I restarted, it still shows 14.04 and Chromium no longer works, how do I get 16.04?

You will not upgrade to a new release this way.

The correct command is do-release-upgrade.

Also I don't recommend to upgrade a pre-installed Dell Ubuntu 14.04 to 16.04. It causes lot's of trouble in many cases.

The recommended way is to do a fresh install of Ubuntu 16.04.

Regarding Google Chrome and probably other Chromium based browsers, they don't support 32-bit systems any more. You can use Firefox.


run a command, send output to mail with stderror colored

There is no easy way to post process the merged output after the pipe.

A coloring of the streams could be achieved be a wrapping program around the script that also controls their merging. E.g., a line based merging, and then duly decorate the STDERR lines prior to emitting them. It requires an amount of coding.


Ubuntu 20.04 black and purple screen without login fields

You can set the screen resolution in your grub configuration.When you are logged in open up a terminal and typesudo nano /etc/default/grub
or you can use vi.Remove the hash to enable the line GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480Or you could try resolution 1280x760 which might suit your graphics card.Commit the change and save over the same filename.Then type sudo update-grub and the reboot.
Similar problem with virtualbox terminals here and also read this.


Webcam / Video Playback Problems in Ubuntu MATE 15.10

Open a terminal and type:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Open Synaptic package mananger from Mate menu and search for ubuntu-drivers-common & software-properties-gtk and make sure that both are installed if not just right click on it and choose Mark for installation and Apply.

Now open the Mate menu then look for Additional Drivers then choose the proprietary driver for your graphics card, if is marked as tested enable that. Now reboot.

If you cant find the Additional Drivers for Mate menu just type in a terminal:

/usr/bin/software-properties-gtk --open-tab=4

OR

software-properties-gtk --open-tab=4

OR

software-properties-gtk

I never used the Mate distro in the past.


Unable login to ubuntu-gnome 15.10 with Nvidia VGA

Seems to be the graphics card driver issue. I had a similar one and got it fixed, you can refer to that here

Generally you should use the drivers from the official Ubuntu repositories.
Because you are having problems, using the latest drivers might be better.
Install the latest official stable NVIDIA drivers for the GEFORCE GTX 740M.

First uninstall the currently installed NVIDIA drivers.
Boot the computer, when the GRUB menu appears ...

Highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line.
Press F10 to boot the Ubuntu operating system.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1.
Enter your user name and the password, then execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Now install the latest official stable NVIDIA drivers.
Boot the computer, when the GRUB menu appears ...

Highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line.
Press F10 to boot the Ubuntu operating system.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1.
Enter your user name and the password, then execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-361
sudo reboot

Note :
Maybe it is explicitly necessary to select the NVIDIA adapter in BIOS.
When you want to use drivers 361, adding the PPA is not necessary.
In this case the terminal commands you have to perform are these :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-361
sudo reboot

In case you have installed the nvidia driver from their site(*run) then uninstall it as per that instructions.


Depending on how many users you have you could potentially do this with

sudo rm -rf /home/*/.mozilla/firefox/profiles/*.default/extensions/{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}*

If you have lots of matches for the first glob this won't work; this will also fail if your user's home directories are not in a typical place.  In that case you could iterate over each user. If you go through the trouble of iterating over each user you can also make the command safer by executing your cleanup by the user using sudo.  Something like

cat list_of_users| xargs -I% sudo -Hu % sh -c 'rm -rf ~/.mozilla/firefox/profiles/*.default/extensions/{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}*'

Alternatively you could integrate some logic into your global profile I suggest testing the manifest in the home directory to see if it is older than the global and removing the extension.


Ubuntu Installation on Toshiba Qosmio X770

04 on the same set-up and found that removing the "quiet splash" from the grub boot configuration fixed the issue?

Not quite sure why..


In the readme file that comes with Desura the instructions are as follows:

To remove the menu icon, first run

xdg/xdg-desktop-menu uninstall --mode user desura.desktop

from inside the Desura installation directory
Delete the desura folder which contains the program contents.
As an added step I would suggest removing the ~/.desura folder

That should be all


How to retrieve a list of devices connected to Ubuntu One?

At Ubuntu One Account Page you can see the list and remove linked devices.

Obviously, API is here: UbuntuOne Admin API

Hovewer, there (Account info API ) such or at least identical feature is not listed.

Anyway for creating full access method to your account you should follow this note:
Issue OAuth Tokens – Cloud: Methods


I'd have to say the answer to your question is "No". By their underlying philosophy and design, Xlib will never attempt to provide everything under one API. So in that sense Xlib is "complete", in that it does what it's supposed to do, and it leaves other higher-level concerns up to other layers.

The Windows approach where "everything from the basic window to dialog boxes are covered in same API level" is not necessarily the best one, and the one taken on Linux is just different, stemming from the architectural and design choices made for the X Window system. I've read a lot about the Windows API being very complex and inconsistent, so it looks like unifying things under one API may not be the best solution. And indeed, it detracts from the flexibility you have if libraries and APIs each have well-delimited concerns and functionalities. What if I want hardware interaction in a non-GUI program? What if I need to render antialiased images and fonts to a file without having a graphical environment running? Having independent libraries enables this sort of thing.

You could read Linux is Not Windows for a much better rationale on why you shouldn't expect Linux to mimic Windows, and the X Window System Overview HOWTO for a slightly outdated but still quite valid explanation on the philosophy behind X and the toolkits. libraries and desktop environments that work atop it.


Currently, ffmpeg from the repository only supports the simpler deshake filter, but does not support the better vidstab filters.

You have a few options to get vidstab support: compile or use a PPA.

Compiling

This is the best option if you also want to customize your ffmpeg or use the latest version.

First you will have to compile libvidstab or use the libvidstab-dev package. Currently only 19.04 Disco Dingo and newer provides this package. Alternatively, 16.04 Xenial Xerus users can use the libvidstab-dev package from the mc3man PPA).

To compile libvidstab:

$ sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake
$ mkdir ~/ffmpeg_sources ~/ffmpeg_build
$ cd ~/ffmpeg_sources
$ wget -O https://github.com/georgmartius/vid.stab/archive/master.zip
$ unzip master.zip
$ cd vid.stab-master
$ cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=~/ffmpeg_build .
$ make
$ make install

Now follow How to Compile FFmpeg on Ubuntu. When you get to the step where ffmpeg is configured then add --enable-libvidstab to the list of configure options.

mc3man PPA

FFmpeg current release plus git PPA for 16.04 Xenial Xerus:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mc3man/ffmpeg-test
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg-static

Now run ffmpeg2 (note the "2").

Usage

See the vid.stab usage instructions.

Also see

deshake, vidstabdetect, and vidstabtransform FFmpeg filter documentation.


typelib: /usr/lib/libGL.so.1: file too short after installing AMD drivers

I've had the same issue on Ubuntu 14.04 with AMD Drivers:

$ sudo ldconfig |grep libOpenCL.so.1
/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libOpenCL.so.1 is not a symbolic link

So I checked it:

$ locate libOpenCL.so.1| xargs du -sh
28K /usr/lib/libOpenCL.so.1
28K /usr/lib/fglrx/libOpenCL.so.1
32K /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libOpenCL.so.1
36K /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libOpenCL.so.1.0.0
0   /usr/lib/pxpress/lib/libOpenCL.so.1
0   /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libOpenCL.so.1
36K /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libOpenCL.so.1.0.0
32K /usr/lib32/fglrx/libOpenCL.so.1
0   /usr/lib32/pxpress/lib/libOpenCL.so.1

and made symlink with the same size:

sudo mv /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libOpenCL.so.1 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libOpenCL.so.1.bak
sudo ln -s /usr/lib32/fglrx/libOpenCL.so.1 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libOpenCL.so.1
sudo ldconfig

So I don't receive this error any more


You can turn off bluetooth coexistence. Run in terminal:

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi-opt.conf <<< "options iwlwifi bt_coex_active=N"

Reboot after it is done.


If I delete a Windows Drive, Can I use that space to Install Ubuntu?

Yes; You can made it in the installation process. When prompted to choose how do you want to install Ubuntu, choose manually and repartition your disks as you want.

IMPORTANT: Do backup of important data first anyway!


How do I enable week numbers in calendar applet when settings are missing?

You may need to update the gnome-control-center to get the rest of the features working.

Edit:
 After googling, found that this is a bug. The fix says you need to update.


How to disable auto shutdown due to overheating on ubuntu 14.04?

First, you should not do this because it prevents damaging your notebook. Better repair it (clean dust and replace thermointerface) and it will be as new.
Second, you can't disable it. It is ACPI function and works outside OS. Unless there is some switch in your BIOS settings, you can't disable it. You can disable ACPI altogether, but this means no screensaver, no shutdown on lid closing and power consumption as if you are playing Crysis all the time.


You should refer to (in such manner it will give You all options possible)

xinput

command in Your terminal. It is used to do such things. For example:

xinput list

lists all devices conncted. Find mouse or Your mouse name. To see properties of Your mouse write:

xinput list-props YourMouseID

And from now on it is hard to tell what You can change there, because my mouse is not the type You have. However this is possibly the best way to configure Your mouse using

xinput set-<some>-prop

PS.: remember to be careful and to become SU to have the permission to change anything.


If you want to use putty as a dynamic proxy to go across the firewall, just select "Dynamic" and type any available source port you wish(ie. 9050), then press "Add". Things get done :D

Go to your system proxy setting(ONLY configure in your browser if you want it to be the browser's proxy) , only set the socks v5 proxy as 127.0.0.1:yourport (ie. 127.0.0.1:9050)

Wanna use it to break the firewall in Browsers, then continue reading the information as below otherwise that's all.

If you are using firefox, type about:config in the address bar, then search "remote_dns", set the value to True

If you are using chrome, just install the "Proxy SwitchySharp" extention, remote dns resolve is used by default.

Have fun with your newly setup proxy and have fun bypassing the firewall between your PC and your target hosts.


People on the Raspbery Pi forums are saying this wifi dongle works with the mt7601u driver which is included in kernel 4.2.  You didn't include any information about which version of Ubuntu you are using, so I'll give you a few different options here:

The dongle will probably work without any configuration on 16.04 based on this post.

Earlier releases will take one or two steps:

If you are using 14.04, you will need to first upgrade to the 4.2 kernel or the 4.4 kernel.  (I find the 4.2 kernel to be more stable on my computer).  To install a kernel update offline, go to packages.ubuntu.com and get the necessary packages. For example, to get the 4.2 kernel, download these packages to install offline:

linux-headers-4.2.0-35
linux-headers-4.2.0-35-generic
linux-image-4.2.0-35-generic
linux-image-extra-4.2.0-35-generic
linux-firmware

You do not need to upgrade the kernel for 15.04 or 15.10.

For all releases prior to 16.04, you will probably need to download the latest mt7601 firmware using the instructions from this post, which I have modified for offline install.  First download the latest firmware:
https://github.com/porjo/mt7601/raw/master/src/mcu/bin/MT7601.bin

Then transfer it to your offline computer: (replace filename with the location of the file you downloaded onto your usb drive or whatever.)

sudo cp filename /lib/firmware/mt7601u.bin

I don't have an Edup EP-N8553 to test this with, so I cannot guarantee that these steps will work, but it does seem that other people on the internet were having success getting this dongle working this way.


trying to have a group be able to read/write to a directory

You can't cd projects because you must have execute permission on a directoryto do so. Run this to set the permissions:

sudo find projects -type f -exec chmod -R 664 {} \;
sudo find projects -type d -exec chmod -R 775 {} \;

The first applies read and write permissions to files and the second applies read, write and execute permission to directories.


Switch Desktop Environment from Command Line

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LightDM#Change_the_Default_Session

From that link you can set default session from the terminal.


No Thunderbolt support on Thinkpad L590 running Ubuntu 20.04

As a comment pointed out, the L series including L590 does not support thunderbolt, contrarily to for example the T series including T590. So that is the explanation...
I think though as a side note that the 'error' message is confusing. Would be better that it says - the machine does not have a thunderbolt port or something like that.