How to encrypt folders on my NAS with Cryptkeeper?

I think it should work if you'd add your NAS to /etc/fstab to have it permanently mounted.

In my case I added a drive connected to a Fritz!Box:

Open your NAS in Nautilus. Press Ctrl+L and copy the place without prefix(?), in my case //fritz.box/fritz.nas/WD-10EAVSExternal-01:

Create a place which should link to your NAS, i. e. /media/fritzbox:

sudo mkdir /media/fritzbox

Edit /etc/fstab:

gksu /etc/fstab

and add following line - adjusted to your settings:

# fritzbox
//fritz.box/fritz.nas/WD-10EAVSExternal-01  /media/fritzbox cifs    guest,defaults  0   0

Finish with mounting:

sudo mount -a

Then you should be able to see the NAS in Cryptkeeper, at least it works here.


I did not understand your question very well but here is a possible answer.

Since you have four primary partitions you can't create another because a disk (with an msdos-style partition table, as is common) can have at most four primary partitions:

  The total data storage space of a PC hard disk can be divided into at
  most four primary partitions, or alternatively three primary
  partitions and an extended partition. These partitions are described
  by 16-byte entries that constitute the Partition Table, located in the
  master boot record.

So, you must delete one partition and crate an extended one. Then you can create as many partitions as you want within this extended one. Doing this is up to you. Maybe you can move your data to another available partition or USB disk. After this you can shape your disk for your needs.


what is the planned version of ccid in next ubuntu LTS release 16.04.3

See the launchpad page:

The Artful Aardvark (active development) Ccid trunk series: 1.4.27-1  release (universe)
The Zesty Zapus (current stable release) Ccid trunk series
1.4.26-1

So the current normal release (17.04) already uses 1.4.26 and the next normal release (17.10) is going to be using 1.4.27.

Unless there is something unforseen (like the maintainers stopping development) the next LTS (18.04) will be using at least 1.4.27.

16.04 will stick to 1.4.22 but you could install 1.4.24+ yourself: the dependencies are the same for 16.04 and 17.04:

libc6 (>= 2.14) [amd64]
libc6 (>= 2.17) [arm64, ppc64el]
libusb-1.0-0 (>= 2:1.0.9~)

Version numbers are the same so installing the DEB from 17.04 on 16.04 will not be a problem.


Ubuntu 18.04 Hyper-V guest can access the internet but can't be accessed with ssh from host

Looking at the information you provide you might have a bad NAT setup because if done right you should be able to SSH. Just create a new NAT on the HyperV, set VM to use new NAT, and see if you get the same issue.
On host using PowerShell run;
$switchName = "InternalNAT"
New-VMSwitch -Name $switchName -SwitchType Internal
New-NetNat –Name $switchName –InternalIPInterfaceAddressPrefix "192.168.0.0/24"
$ifIndex = (Get-NetAdapter | ? {$_.name -like "*$switchName)"}).ifIndex
New-NetIPAddress -IPAddress 192.168.0.1 -InterfaceIndex $ifIndex -PrefixLength 24

If you do no have DHCP on the host you will need to set IP manually on guest VM to an IP in the NAT range.
Then you should be able to SSH into VM from Host on port 22

Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/virtualization/hyper-v-on-windows/user-guide/nested-virtualization


How do I know if my system is capable of playing 24bit/96kHz sound?

To find out what your sound card supports, have a look at

/proc/asound/card0/codec#2

(you can just type cat /proc/asound/card0/codec#2 in a terminal to read it)

Now, the 0 and the #2 may vary for you, type cat /proc/asound into the terminal and hit tab to see what's there,

in this file (which isn't really a file, but never mind), you'll find something like this:

[...]
Node 0x10 [Audio Output] wcaps 0xc1d: Stereo Amp-Out R/L
[...]
  PCM:
[...]
    rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
[...]

Also, you may be on the safe side typing cat /proc/asound/card0/codec#2 | grep rates and looking at the lowest common denominator, so to speak.

But: The DAC (digital to analogue converter), which the sound system really has nothing to do with, may just interpolate the signal, the sound card may even do some false advertising, you have no way of knowing safe from looking at the manufacturers website.

The reason for you not hearing a difference (I assert that there is one to be heard, all though that's subject of great debate) is - probably - that the DAC just isn't good enough. It's by far the weakest link (inside your computer).

As for your second question: While this of course isn't the place to discuss it, have a look at stuff like the "ESI Juli@" or the "Dr. Dac Nano", they are reasonably priced and play 192kHz / 96kHz respectively - and they're widely acknowledged to be "okay" by the ever picky audiophile community. Also, the best sound chip will do no good if the headphones/speakers/amplifier can't keep up.


Troubleshooting wireless network connection: DNS not working

/etc/resolv.conf contains your DNS listings. 192.168.0.1 is obviously the router in question. You need to manually provide the nameserver(s) provided to you by your isp. You can usually get this information under the router/status page. In your case the router is not a nameserver and therefore will not resolve DNS.

Network-Manager will overwrite the /etc/resolv.conf to accomadate dhcp configured connections. Playing around with mixed static and dhcp connections can sometimes trigger this file to be overwritten. You could also try letting network-manager have another shot by manually restarting networking.

$ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

We can also try to resolve the problem directly utilizing dhclient.

$ sudo dhclient -r
$ sudo dhclient


Gmail offline on Firefox 4.0.1: "Offline Mail is not supported by your browser"

Actually Gmail Offline is migrating from Gears to HTML5 so it's not working these days. You have to wait until Chrome12 to get the new updated Offline Service.


Concatenate strings stored in variables side by side

On bash, you can do this with process substitution and paste:

$ a='t
t
t'
$ b='xyz
pqr
stu'
$ paste <(echo "$a") <(echo "$b") -d ''
txyz
tpqr
tstu

If all you want is t prefixed to the lines of b, awk or sed would do:

$ printf "%s" "$b" | awk '{printf "t"}1'
txyz
tpqr
tstu


Biblatex 3.6 on Ubuntu 16.04 with Texlive 2016

Use kpsewhich biblatex.sty to get /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/biblatex/biblatex.sty.
From SourceForge download biber v.2.6.
From SourceForge download biblatex v.3.6
Create two temp dirs: mkdir tempbb && mkdir tempbl
Uncompress biber-cygwin64.tar.gz and biblatex-3.6.tds.tgz to the temp directories:

tar -zxvf biber-cygwin64.tar.gz -C tempbb/
tar -zxvf biblatex-3.6.tds.tgz -C tempbl/

Move the contents of the files in the tempbl temp directory to /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/ thus:

sudo rsync -azvv tempbl/ /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/

Move the biber bin from your temp directory to  /usr/share/texlive/ thus:

sudo rsync -azvv tempbl/ /usr/share/texlive/

Run mktexlsr
Test that everything is working fine.


Can I change gedit's background color without changing to another theme?

As wojox said, you can change Gedit's theme.

The gtksourceview page on the Gnome website has more information about gedit themes. (Gtksourceview is the name of the software component that displays text in gedit.)

Modifying Existing Themes

To modify the built-in themes, copy them from /usr/share/gtksourceview-2.0/styles/ to ~/.local/share/gtksourceview-2.0/styles/ and edit the text files.

Finding New Themes

You can find several themes in this git repository. It looks like you can install them with:

sudo apt-get install git-core
git clone https://github.com/mig/gedit-themes.git ~/.gnome2/gedit/styles

(This will allow you to run cd ~/.gnome2/gedit/styles ; git pull to get updates to these themes.)

Building Your Own

You can also try this online theme generator. I found that on this article about creating gtksourceview themes.


Headphone/Speaker mixup after upgrading to 11.10 with a Realtek ALC892

I had exactly the same issue and installed the latest Alsa driver :
see https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Audio/UpgradingAlsa/DKMS
and https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+bug/565685


Recovering data after unity crash after installing radeon driver

You should be able to press CTRL + ALT + F1 to get a virtual console and log in to recover data using the command prompt and fix your drivers. To revert back to a GUI session siply press CTRL + ALT + F7. Alternatively, you can get the grub menu by pressing shift while booting and the boot into recovery to get a command prompt.

Once you have the command prompt you can remove the AMD drivers

sudo apt-get purge fglrx*

You can now reinstall xorg

sudo apt-get install --reinstall xserver-xorg

and then

sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg


New SSD is very slow under Xubuntu 14.04

The product sheet lists the following performance data for capacities "32GB~256GB":

  Seq. Read/Write 520MB/s, 290MB/s
  Max. 4k random file read 69,000 IOPS
  Max. 4k random file write 68,000 IOPS.

The truth is that performance of SSDs greatly depends on the number of storage dies and that the smallest versions of a product line usually are slower and don't achieve the performance of the top model.

Knowing that, the following data from geizhals/skinflint look more accurate and somewhat disappointing:

  Read: 364MB/s
  Write: 73MB/s
  IOPS 4k read/Write: 33.096k/17.674k

Yes, SSDs have faster access times, but transfer speeds of low end models can actually be lower than HDDs. You should read tests (with real world data and scenarios) of up to date available consumer hardware before shopping (The last one I read was about the 840 EVO mSATA release earlier this year). If you are searching for bargains, read tests of last years hardware too and make comparisons to pick the right product that meets your expectations.

dd if=/dev/zero of=./tempfile bs=1M count=1024 conv=fdatasync,notrunc

To be polite, this is the most unreliable way of testing HDD performance and for SSDs it's even worse. The controller on the SSD probably saw all the incoming zeros and stored the information that you wrote 1 GiB of nothing. Also real data is not made up of ideal continuous streams in one portion of your storage space, therefore use real data and real scenarios.


Ubuntu 20.04, building patched kernel results in no ZFS support

The Ubuntu kernels have the ZFS drivers built-in to the kernel package by default. If you use your own custom kernel then you need to install the ZFS drivers using the zfs-dkms package.  This is the same package that is imported into the ubuntu kernel package build, so it should provide you the same core ZFS kernel support.
Install the zfs-dkms package as follows:
sudo apt-get install zfs-dkms

This may take some time to build the module. You also need the kernel headers associated with your kernel package to be installed otherwise dkms may fail to build.


Package alien & build-essential are avilable on main repository for Ubuntu 14.04.

First of all make sure that you have enabled Main & Universe Repository from Software & Updates:

  The main component contains applications that are free software, can be freely redistributed and are fully supported by the Ubuntu team. & The universe component is a snapshot of the free, open-source, and Linux world.

Following command is also helpful to enable main & universe repositories:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main universe"
sudo apt-get update

Then install package by:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install alien

If you've still problem then check extra repository you manually added (from Software & Updates > Other Software) ; remove/clear them. And then try sudo apt-get update , sudo apt-get install alien

sudo apt-get install -f and sudo dpkg --configure -a are also helpful for fix dependencies and complete pending configuration.


Static IP in Ubuntu 13.10 & How to loop/run terminal commands at startup

To assign a static IP :

gksudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

add :

auto eth0 (eth0 is the name of my interface )
iface eth0 inet static
address (your static IP)
netmask (your netmask)

If you need to launch a command on login :

add it in :

gksudo gedit /etc/init.d/rc.local


14.04 Google Chrome Audio Playback Issues

Things to try:

check flashplayer in chrome-plugins
delete ~/.config/google-chrome
reinstall alsa and pulseaudio

sudo apt-get remove --purge alsa-base pulseaudio indicator-sound
sudo apt-get install alsa-base pulseaudio indicator-sound
sudo alsa force-reload

kill pulseaudio (worked for me!)

killall pulseaudio; rm -r ~/.config/pulse/* ; rm -r ~/.pulse*


Why I cant see password prompt when .profile executes?

~/.bash_profile, ~/.bashrc, or ~/.profile get executed when you open up a terminal window, not when you log in to a desktop.

If you want to do this system wide for ALL users create a .desktop file in /etc/xdg/autostart/. Example:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=A custom Script
Exec=sudo /sbin/my_custom_script.sh
Icon=system-run
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true

and create a script.sh with your command in it. That also makes sure they can not permanently remove your desktop file. If you want this for 1 user put the script in  ~/.config/autostart/ and change the Exec line to Exec=~/bin/acustomscript.sh


How to install Virtualbox 4.3.20 on ubuntu 14.04?

E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages might be a related problem... you could try opening synaptic package manager and clicking Edit -> Fix broken Packages, that might help.

Or the error could refer to the Depends: libsdl1.2debian (>= 1.2.11) but it is not installable error, you also want to update the package info with apt-cache update (or in synaptic "Reload package info").


I dont have any experience with databases on embedded systems but I think you should go with SQLite. I say this because it realy is LITE and should consume less resources. As you said you dont need bells&whistles so you wont miss any feature not present in SQLite.


Application for simple and quick drawings

My suggestion is that you install Drawing, it is a drawing application that allows you to make simple and fast drawings.
Although it is open source published under the GNU GPL v3 license, it is not available in the repositories, and requires the addition of a ppa.
To install it, open a terminal and run these commands:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cartes/drawing
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install drawing


Run Ubuntu from removed HDD via USB enclosure?

This should work fine, the only snag would be if the Secure Boot stopped you, but as it is not preventing you from booting it now I don't think it will as an external drive.

You may get a strange result when running update-grub in that it may find the Windows disk and then include it in the boot menu but I don't see that as being an issue other than it may not chain load Windows correctly if you try to select it in the menu(it should boot if both HDs were in the computer, not sure if Ubuntu is outside, It think it still would but...). It would not affect Windows loading form it's own disk just if you tried to select it in grub.

One thing you would need to be careful of is to make sure that any new grub install would not install into the Windows drive.  This is were is might get tricky, Ubuntu should see it's HD as sda and Windows as sdb  You would just want to make sure of that before allowing any grub to install from the updates.

You can check that from the terminal:

sudo fdisk -l

the -l tell fdisk to only list the partitions so don't forget it. (that is a lower case letter L not the number 1 BTW)

If one disk has a GUID(gpt) partition table it will tell you that fdisk cannot understand GUID partitions, use GNU Parted you can do that by typing:

sudo parted -l

You could also just use parted first instead of fdisk.

(Ubuntu will show up as an EXT4 filesystem while Windows will be NTFS, they will not likely be labeled Ubuntu and Windows, unless you have label them yourself)

If you see that Ubuntu sees itself on sda then any new grub installs will be fine, if you ever find yourself needing to use boot-repair to get Ubuntu booting then make sure that it only installs grub on the Ubuntu disk(in this case when booting from the LiveUSB/DVD the external drive should show as sdb and the internal will be sda) just make sure that you have the box unticked that installs grub on all disks.

Note that booting from the LiveUSB also includes when doing an upgrade/new install, you may need to click "Something Else" in the Window on how you are going to install Ubuntu and instruct it to install on sdb.  If it gives you the option to "Replace Ubuntu 13.10 with 14.04 or upgrade to 14.04)  then it should be okay but I would still click the something else to make sure that the box at the bottom is showing that grub will be installed on the proper drive, you can then click the back button and let the install take care of it. If not you will have to use the something else window to force the grub install to the correct disk and will have to select the mount points by hand.

One last thing, you may have lower performance from a USB drive as the data transfer will be slower, but it will mostly affect you by programs loading slower, after they are loaded, I doubt you will notice any difference, unless you are doing something that is causing a lot of read/writes on the disk. The programs themselves, should be mostly loaded in the memory.


Well there are many ways to do this but have you tried directly installing it from the Software Center? At least in Ubuntu 12.04 conky is there, not sure about 11.10 though.


Banshee under Unity stops playing music when hitting the (x) icon

When upgrading the banshee extension providing soundmenu integration was not automatically enabled.  Enabling this extension allows banshee to show itself in the soundmenu indicator and also to close its window without stopping playback.

To change this option open the preferences dialog box (Edit/Preferences on the menu), and select the Extensions tab.  Use the search box to find "sound menu" and ensure that the tick box on the right is selected.


Chromium has no window buttons when not-maximized

Right clicking in the empty tab area will provide you with an option  "Use system title bar and borders"

This will provide you with native looking title bar/border with the min,max and close buttons to the left.


Dependency and library problems with Ubuntu Server 16.04.2

I had a similar problem, where libslp1 wasn't in the apt cache and it couldn't be installed. I downloaded and installed the .deb package from the web archive and after that I was able to install slapd.

After a little investigation I found that the mirror I was using wasn't up to date (Last update unknown), see: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archivemirrors

I changed my mirror (under Software & Updates -> Download from) and it looks fine now.


From man curl:

-x, --proxy <[protocol://][user@password]proxyhost[:port]>

 Use the specified HTTP proxy.
 If the port number is not specified, it is assumed at port 1080.

For general use, declare environment variables for http/https

export http_proxy=http://your.proxy.server:port/
export https_proxy=$http_proxy

edit /etc/bash.bashrc add to the end of file :

    export http_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver.com:port/
    export https_proxy=$http_proxy
    export ftp_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver.com:port/

OR proxy no username and password case - :

    export http_proxy=http://proxyserver.com:port/
    export https_proxy=$http_proxy
    export ftp_proxy=http://proxyserver.com:port/


a good PDF viewer for ubuntu that supports text highlighting?

Unfortunately there is no native linux pdf viewer which offers decent annotation features.

I resolved to using Foxit Reader for Windows (the Linux version is really basic). and PDF Xchange Viewer through Wine (1.5 version installed through a ppa). The former works better under wine but the latter has in-built OCR and better annotation facilities in my opinion. It is a close match in any case. I've been using Foxit Reader 5.4 till last week and I'm using XChange viewer now.

To make it work in the best of ways, here's how: https://askubuntu.com/a/95404/27968


Picasa hangs when trying to import photos

In the Import From field, try to select the "Folder" item and then choose the mounting point where your USB stick is connected by Ubuntu, then you will be able to import your photos.


Run the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo mkdir /etc/mysql/conf.d
sudo apt-get -f install

Then, I seriously suggest you update your software before doing anything else. Run one of the following commands:

sudo apt-get upgrade

or, recommended:

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Click here if you don't know the difference.


Ubuntu randomly freezes after bootup after switching to nvidia proprietary drivers

You can try disabling 3D acceleration on Firefox:
https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/forum-response-disable-hardware-acceleration
If the problem occurs mainly on Firefox, it's maybe related to 3D acceleration with the nvidia driver.
I had a similar problem, but not only on firefox.
I have updated the system to Ubuntu 19.10 with the latest Nvidia driver and everything works fine.
It could be related to Linux kernel incompatibility with your motherboard, and there is a chance that this can be resolved on a more recent Linux kernel with a more recent Ubuntu, as in my case. I had a laptop with two graphics cards.


How to uninstall leiningen which was installed through the script?

The script has some helpful comments at the start:

# Ensure this file is executable via `chmod a+x lein`, then place it
# somewhere on your $PATH, like ~/bin. The rest of Leiningen will be
# installed upon first run into the ~/.lein/self-installs directory.

So to uninstall it, in theory you only need remove that directory

rm -r ~/.lein

assuming you did not run the script as root.

If you might want to reinstall the program in the future, you can keep the script; since it's in a path location, typing lein would cause the script to be run again, reinstalling the software. If you don't want this to happen, delete the script itself (rm ~/bin/lein assuming that is the path to it) or remove execute permission from it (chmod -x ~/bin/lein).


how to insall and configure privoxy in ubuntu 14.04?

Use

sudo apt-get install privoxy

to install privoxy.
After you installed it successfully you will have a look at http://www.privoxy.org/user-manual/quickstart.html#QUICKSTART-AD-BLOCKING where you are introduced using privoxy for ad blocking.
/etc/privoxy is where all the configuration is stored.
Furthermore you can view and edit your configuration here: http://config.privoxy.org/show-status


Nvidia problems with optirun when running WarCraft

SOLVED

what i have done :
i frustrated, i boot ubuntu live cd and try ubuntu, use
    lspci | grep VGA

it detected my 2 vga:

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Ivy Bridge Graphics Controller (rev 09)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0de9 (rev a1)

i slept, then i woke up in the morning, hope for magic happens, AND YES IT DOES, use optirun and it works! it also detected my VGA with lspci | grep VGA

note: i already had bumblebee installed and it worked before my laptop suddenly didnt recognize my vga..


If you look at the documentation for the mount.cifs, you will notice a uid parameter (or guid)

uid=arg

  sets the uid that will own all files or directories on the
  mounted filesystem when the server does not provide ownership
  information. It may be specified as either a username or a numeric
  uid. When not specified, the default is uid 0.

gid=arg

  sets the gid that will own all files or directories on the
  mounted filesystem when the server does not provide ownership
  information. It may be specified as either a groupname or a numeric
  gid. When not specified, the default is gid 0.

Adding the uid (or gid) of your user (or group) to the fstab line will grant you the needed rights.


This problem is described on GitHub here

For some reason, deleting the watch character in powerline.json didn't work for me, but deleting the "name": "time" line in the .../tmux/default.json file removed the clock and fixed the problem.


how to save print screen to clipboard when using the short-key (ctr+print screen)?

I can ask your answer in KDE Desktop:
KDE Desktop use Spectacle app for capture screen shots(look at screen shot for Spectacle app)

and in here if you go in Configure... you can see this page:

And you can see some Configure mods in here
But I don't know you can install this application in Ubuntu too or not


Ubuntu 16.04 + Windows 10 Hibernated = no OS

When you install Windows, Windows assumes it is the only operating
  system (OS) on the machine, or at least it does not account for Linux.
  So it replaces GRUB with its own boot loader. What you have to do is
  replace the Windows boot loader with GRUB. I've seen various
  instructions for replacing GRUB by mucking around with GRUB commands
  or some such, but to me the easiest way is to simply chroot into
  your install and run update-grub. chroot is great because it
  allows you to work on your actual install, instead of trying to
  redirect things here and there. It is really clean.

  Here's how:

  Boot from the live CD or live USB, in "Try Ubuntu" mode.
  Determine the partition number of your main partition. GParted (which should already be installed, by default, on the live session)
  can help you here. I'm going to assume in this answer that it's
  /dev/sda2, but make sure you use the correct partition number for
  your system!
  Mount your partition:

sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt  #Replace sda2 with your partition number

  Bind mount some other necessary stuff:

for i in /sys /proc /run /dev; do sudo mount --bind "$i" "/mnt$i"; done

  If Ubuntu is installed in EFI mode ([see this answer if you're unsure][efi]), use GParted to find your EFI partition. It will have a
  label of EFI. Mount this partition, replacing sdXY with the actual
  partition number for your system:

sudo mount /dev/sdXY /mnt/boot/efi

  chroot into your Ubuntu install:

sudo chroot /mnt

  At this point, you're in your install, not the live session, and running as root. Update grub:

update-grub

  If you get errors or if going up to step 7 didn't fix your problem, go to step 8. (Otherwise, it is optional.)
  Depending on your situation, you might have to reinstall grub:

grub-install /dev/sda
update-grub # In order to find and add windows to grub menu.

  If everything worked without errors, then you're all set:

exit
sudo reboot

  At this point, you should be able to boot normally.

  If you cannot boot normally, and didn't do step 8 because there were
  no error messages, try again with step 8.

  Sometimes giving GRUB2 the correct configuration for your partitions is not enough, and you must actually install it (or
  reinstall it) to the Master Boot Record, which step 8 does. Experience
  helping users in chat has shown that step 8 is sometimes necessary
  even when no error messages are shown.

  [efi]: https://askubuntu.com/a/764702/13398

  copied from https://askubuntu.com/a/88432


(AMDGPU-PRO) Secondary Screens VGA W/DVI doesn't work but HDMI does

On my Dell M6700 laptop containing Heathrow XT Radeon HD 7870M with amdgpu-pro 17.10-446706 installed (on kde neon), the external display wasn't being recognised either.

Swapped the VGA cable for a DisplayPort one, problem solved.


Restoring android after ubuntu touch fails

Figured out on my own

First partitions need to be erased manually

fastboot erase boot
fastboot erase cache
fastboot erase recovery
fastboot erase system
fastboot erase userdata

The images from the zip file inside the original download from google install each image manually like this

fastboot flash boot boot.img
fastboot flash system system.img
fastboot flash recovery recovery.img
fastboot flash userdata userdata.img


How can I overwrite Windows 7 with Ubuntu?

Please be aware that you will be permanently removing your windows installation. This process cannot be undone. You will loose every data on every partition you delete. Keeping a backup is your responsibility.

Said that, first you have to decide how you want to install Ubuntu.
I can suggest three workarounds.

By default installation menu: This has an option to use entire disk. the installer will automatically optimize the partitioning process.
The fail-safe option: To install Ubuntu, use your entire hard disk and delete every partition on it. To do this Boot from Live CD and choose the option to try Ubuntu.

Once you are on the live desktop session, find GParted partition editor; or ubuntu disk partitioner. With these wonderful tools you can delete and repartition your hard-disk very efficiently. I suggest you to delete every partition and then install Ubuntu.

PS: I am not aware out of above said tools, which one is present in the Ubuntu 12.04 (latest) live CD. Both of them were present in the Ubuntu 10.10  (now unsupported) version.
Geek Method: This method is my favorite, gives most flexibility; however bit tricky.
This is a text based (CLI) installation method.

Download and install Ubuntu 12.04 minimal straightaway. This installation process is straight forward and most powerful. As a newbie (when option comes) choose the option to use the whole disk drive. Once the system in installed and it reboots, you get a command line interface from where you have endless options to build your system according to your needs.

You can install software with sudo apt-get install ... (see examples below). But first run this command, which makes sure you're installing the current versions:

sudo apt-get update

If you want to install ubuntu-desktop, which provides the GNOME Unity GUI and related applications, the command is:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

If you want to get a Kubuntu (KDE) environment then use this command instead:

sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop

Hope this might help.. Good luck...


Hardware compatibility of Dell Inspiron 15R for 12.04.1

Same model I have (except I have an i5). Every thing works out of the box except the three buttons at the top of the keyboard. I have yet to figure out what they're for anyways LOL. Also, the Widi doesn't work as support for it in Linux hasn't happened yet. The bluetooth and wifi are fine. I'm using all 4 cores. The first day I bought it, it took 1.5 hours for the fan to start running. If you're looking for a linux distro with a laptop, I would say this is a perfect fit.


How to fix "sudo: unable to open ... Read-only file system"?

The filesystem will usually go into read-only while the system is running if there is a filesystem consistency issue. This is specified in fstab as errors=remount-ro and will occur when a FS access fails or an emergency read-only remount is requested via Alt+SysRq+U. You can run:

sudo fsck -Af -M

to force a check of all filesystems. As one of the other answers states, looking at dmesg is also very helpful.

Edit: Don't forget the -M on the command-line.

NOTE: As mentioned by Bibhas in his answer: If fsck gets stuck after its version banner:

$ sudo fsck -Af -M
fsck from util-linux 2.20.1

you may want to try using the EXT4-specific fsck

$ sudo fsck.ext4 -f /dev/sda1

Provided the partition in question /dev/sda1 was an ext4 filesystem.


reduce Screen brightness in battery mode automatically

I found the solution:

If you have laptop-mode-tools installed

cat /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness
cat /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/max_brightness
sudo -H gedit /etc/laptop-mode/conf.d/lcd-brightness.conf

Contents should be:

DEBUG=0
CONTROL_BRIGHTNESS=1
BATT_BRIGHTNESS_COMMAND="echo [min value]"
LM_AC_BRIGHTNESS_COMMAND="echo [max value]"
NOLM_AC_BRIGHTNESS_COMMAND="echo [normal value]"
BRIGHTNESS_OUTPUT="/sys/class/thermal/cooling_device0/cur_state"

Sources:

Arch Wiki: laptop-mode-tools
Gentoo forum


Yes, that should be fine. The Mint backup tool is easy enough to install on Ubuntu (and it might be a good idea, it's a useful tool) but it's not needed. It simply copies your files. It doesn't use any kind of proprietary format that would make it hard for you to access them. The choices it provides you with are to either copy the files as they are or to compress them into one of the standard archive formats. This archive is saved in the target directory and you can then copy it on to your new system and extract the files manually.

So, yes, you can use Mint's tool for this.You should note, however, that the chances of a problem appearing in Mint and not in Ubuntu are very slim. Not impossible, just unlikely, the two are very, very similar. More likely, your issues are with whatever graphical environment you have chosen to use and not with the underlying system.


UEFI dual-boot, how to load recovery partition (Windows 8) after installing Ubuntu

The Windows RE cannot be loaded directly from GRUB, as it requires bootmgfw.efi to call it.  The only way to get to it is through Windows 8 because it relies on the underlying framework of Windows to be loaded.  As long as you did not move the original partitions (Windows RE and Windows 8) around, you should be able to get into through Windows.  Otherwise, you will need to rebuild the BCD, which is outside the scope of this question.


This sounds like a video drive issue. Are you connecting the displays to the onboard Intel video controller or the NVIDIA controller?

If you are using the NVIDIA controller, I'd recommend going to the NVIDIA site, looking up the NVS5200M video controller, downloading the driver for Linux, and then reload the driver and reboot the system.


Why isn't my applet initializing in Face Book games?

It sounds like you don't have Flash Player installed. I'd expect Firefox and even Facebook to be screaming that out to you, but just in case you don't have it, here's how to install it.

If you're on 32bit, run:

sudo apt-get install flashplugin-installer

If you're on 64bit, run:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:sevenmachines/flash
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install flashplugin64-installer

Restart Firefox and it should work.


Why does my computer get stuck on the shut down screen?

I reliably have this problem with Xubuntu 11.10 on my Mac Pro. (And I have waited 10 minutes by the clock and it's still hung!) I have found that if I wait for about one complete cycle of the dots (sliding bar on Xubuntu), then hit the Escape key, it usually completes the shutdown at that point. If instead I get the console, I wait for it to say it's shutting down all processes and finally posts a message saying it will halt. Hitting Escape again after that message completes the shutdown (otherwise it hangs here "forever"). It's manual, but seems to work.


How to enable natural scrolling with mouse in 17.04?

In my case, there was no need to remove any package. The only line which was missing in /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/40-libinput.conf was:

Option "NaturalScrolling" "on"

so the whole section looked as the following:

  Section "InputClass"
          Identifier "libinput pointer catchall"
          MatchIsPointer "on"
          MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
          Option "NaturalScrolling" "on"
          Driver "libinput"
  EndSection

After restart of X session my mouse worked correctly.


How to connect Canon MG 5370 wireless scanner to Ubuntu 16.04

the "previous answer" that you used as a guide; was for a 3500 series device;

however you have a 5300series device; so the 3500series version of scangear is not going to work; you need the 5300 series from here http://support-asia.canon-asia.com/contents/ASIA/EN/0100395602.html and is comes down as scangearmp-mg5300series-1.80-1-deb.tar.gz so you can use the format of the commands above; but it would be

cd Downloads
tar -zxvf scangearmp-mg5300series-1.80-1-deb.tar.gz
cd scangearmp-mg5300series-1.80-1-deb
sudo ./install.sh

So Simple Scan uses the SANE software; open-source software; and they reckon the 5300 is fully supported; hence it works via usb

networking is more complex; if you first of all run in a terminal

cnijnetprn --search auto

can you tell us what you get back please

have a read at this post Troubleshooting Canon scanner over network to give you a feel of what is needed


I want to resize my mount point partition of ubuntu 12.04 and install winndows 7 .HOw can I do that?

Screenshot is not loaded...

Yet, I assume you need to have both Windows and Linux OS's.

Your hard drive can have 4 partitions: 2 will go for Windows and 1-2 for Linux (your choice).

So, just make empty space, for example 50GB, before /dev/sda3 by formatting and deleting partitions /dev/sda1-2.

Run Windows installation and choose that empty space (Windows will automatically create 2 partitions: 100MB and (50GB-100MB)).

Worth mentioning that Windows will overwrite bootloader and you will not be able to access Linux. To overcome this issue make a LiveCD with Linux and reinstall Grub (or whatever loads your OS).

At the end, you will have a Grub loader which will prompt your with both Linux and Windows OS's.


You can find the definition of all XF86 keys here: http://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/proto/x11proto/tree/XF86keysym.h (or installed on your system in /usr/include/X11/XF86keysym.h, if you installed x11proto-core-dev)

To run it from the terminal, just install xdotool:

sudo apt-get install xdotool

and run:

xdotool key XF86AudioRaiseVolume


It should be possible to install a windows version of Java in wine, not sure if winetricks supplies it. This is according to an answer here which further refers to winehq - java

You can try this and see if it fixes your issue


How to add single quotation marks in the rename command to change the file name?

Since single quotes are not special when inside double quotes, the simplest way is
rename -n "s/Programmer/Programmer's File/" *.txt

(note that the space character does not need to be escaped, since the quotes already protect it from expansion by the shell).
Alternatively, close the quote, pass an escaped quote \' to the shell, then open the quotes again:
rename -n 's/Programmer/Programmer'\''s File/' *.txt

or you could forgo the quoting altogether and just escape the shell-special characters directly:
rename -n s/Programmer/Programmer\'s\ File/ *.txt


What to do after ubuntu remounts my filesystem in read/write mode?

If you are novice Ubuntu user, then I would recommend fresh installation of current Ubuntu version. It takes far less time and risk than trying to repair current state of your system. Just remember to make backup of your important files. If you are not able to boot into Ubuntu, then boot from Ubuntu Live DVD (that one you installed Ubuntu from). In Live DVD environment all existing partitions are mounted automatically, so you can copy your files to USB pendrive or Windows partition.


Ubuntu 12.04 high CPU usage and high temperature

The problem might be your graphics card consuming more power. I had a similar problem and I installed Bumblebee. Now I get approx. 2 hrs. of battery life and 65°C temp.(on prolonged use).

Bumblebee's site

Also take a look at this : How do I enable/disable graphics card at will without logging out?


This script should give you something to start off with. It does a decent job in moving videos (.mp4 and .mkv, but you can add more) longer than 1 hr to ~/Downloads/Movies and others to ~/Downloads/Shows.

#!/bin/bash
files=$(find -type f -name "*.mp4" -o -name "*.mkv") #include anyother formats you want
while read -r line
do
    time="$(ffmpeg -hide_banner -i "$line" 2>&1 | grep -Po '(?<=Duration: ).*(?=, start)'| cut -d : -f1)"
    if [[ $time -ge "1" ]] ; then
        if [ -d ~/Downloads/Movies ] ; then
            mv "$line" ~/Downloads/Movies
        else
            mkdir -p ~/Downloads/Movies
            mv "$line" ~/Downloads/Movies
        fi
    elif [[ $time == "00" ]] ; then
        if [ -d ~/Downloads/Shows ] ; then
            mv "$line" ~/Downloads/Shows
        else
            mkdir -p ~/Downloads/Shows
            mv "$line" ~/Downloads/Shows
        fi
    fi
done <<< "$files"

Additionally, if you are using torrent managers such as Deluge or Transmission or others that supports running scripts on completion of torrents, you can provide this as the script to run. You may have to tweak it a bit, if needed.


The simple > operator redirects STDOUT to a file. However, your script is printing to STDERR (see the 1>&2 at the end of your echo commands). That's why you see the text in the terminal and not in the log file.

You need to redirect the output of the script using 2> (redirect STDERR only) or &> (redirect both STDOUT and STDERR) instead.

See How do I save terminal output to a file? for more details about output redirection to files in Bash.


Where can I find the source of Nautilus?

If you want use the same sources from the installed version you must get it from the Ubuntu repository.

First, from the softwate center, software sources, you need to enable the "source code" sources.

Then you can use apt-get source, to get the source, and dpkg-buildpackage, to build the package.

Check the following link for details.
http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/ch-sourcehandling.en.html


Where is my "gnome-panel"? It went walkabout when I moved it to the right (auto-hide=on). I haven't seen it since!

You can un-autohide the panel by running gconf-editor (press Alt+F2 and enter gconf-editor) and navigating to /apps/panel/toplevels. You can then edit the options for your panel(s) by clicking on the folders in the tree view below the toplevels folder. Untick the 'auto_hide' option. It might help if you increase the number of pixels shown when the panel is hidden by editing the auto_hide_size option.

If you want to reset the panels to their original state see: Resetting gnome panel


The sudo password is your normal user password by default in Ubuntu.


Optical Character Recognition software recommendations?

Tesseract OCR
The original engine was developed back in the late 80's by HP and IBM but it has proven to be one of the best Ocular Recognition Softwares I've used. It's recently undergone many updates to the engine and has become one of the most comprehensive OCR tools on the market. Outscoring against most all other OCR tools (with something in the higher 90 percentile of text matches) it can easily transform standard document type-face to text.
The following is an example:
tesseract ScannedDocument.png out

Will produce a file called out.txt


try first to clean the package cache (sudo apt-get clean) and install again.

Possible you should first try to uninstall the two packages:

sudo apt-get remove libjack-jackd2-0 libjack-jackd2-0:i386

and try to install again.


Wrong Knotes indicator in indicator-applet-complete on BB 18.04

The problem turned out to be caused by the knotes icon(s) not being present under /usr/share/icons/Humanity (the elected icon theme was Humanity). Solution: replace the missing icons.


How to install PowerShell 7 on Ubuntu 20.04?

According to the PowerShell project's Issue on GitHub titled Please support Ubuntu 20.04 support will arrive very soon (when it does, this answer should be updated)
In the mean time there are 2 reported successful installation paths (as in - you can get the prompt in your system, but it's not exactly installed - at least not natively)
NOTE: You might not be able to launch these from a UI menu, and only from a terminal by running either powershell or pwsh command.

Snap:
sudo snap install powershell --classic

dotnet runtime install:
cd /tmp
wget https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/20.04/packages-microsoft-prod.deb -O packages-microsoft-prod.deb
sudo dpkg -i packages-microsoft-prod.deb

sudo apt-get update; \
  sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https && \
  sudo apt-get update && \
  sudo apt-get install -y aspnetcore-runtime-3.1

dotnet tool install -g powershell


I've not had good luck with unetbootin recently either. You might try dd from the command:

sudo dd if=/path/to/file.iso of=/dev/sdb

dd will wipe the 'output file' with great efficiency, so don't mess up and point it at the wrong destination. You'll want to make sure you're target USB is /dev/sbd.


When do I need submit my software by in order to be in the software center for 12.04?

You may submit an application that runs on 12.04 anytime that 12.04 is a supported version of Ubuntu, which in this case is 5 years after release. When you upload an application you  should indicate what versions of Ubuntu you wish to support, supporting the current release and the LTS is suggested.

Depending on your application it can take a week to approve and publish, so to be in the software center for the release of 12.04 I would give us a little additional time as it does get busy.


How to download images and webms from 4chan?

Okay, I found a solution.

Download this beautiful script from github.
Extract it to your desktop (or another folder)
Open the terminal in this location
Use this command with your thread link (example):

python download.py http://boards.4chan.org/g/thread/53587062
It's okay. That will start a download process.


Can i install ubuntu 14.04 on Intel P4 3gb ddr3 ram?

You have more than enough ram (though ddr3 paired with a Pentium 4 sounds odd), and I would assume your cpu is faster than 700mhz which is the minimum requirement. The only thing you might have to worry about is PAE support. If your computer has PAE you're good to go, if not you'll need to install an Ubuntu derivative like Lubuntu as I believe the derivatives still ship with non-pae kernels by default, but don't quote me on that.

In regards to your question about lag. Unity is a heavy desktop environment. You may experience some lag depending on your cpu specs and graphics card. In that case consider installing Lubuntu which is lighter.


How to disable ATI 6490m and only use Intel HD

uninstall fglrx if you have installed it and then follow this answer on hybrid graphics

The overheating problem you are facing is most probably coming from the default that both graphic cards are running. Turn one of and the overheating should be history.


Unable to upgrade Ubuntu 14.04 LTS to 16.04.1 LTS

Run these commands in a Terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt-get -y install apt
sudo do-release-upgrade


PlayOnLinux FPS problems and glxChooseVisual failed

Running steam in a terminal will help determine errors
here is someone with the same problem: Steam error: glXChooseVisual failed - new Steam install in Lubuntu.
Do you have proprietary drivers installed? See "Software & Updates" in start, then see the "additional drivers" tab.


Creating a single PDF from a lot of image

First, install imagemagick:

sudo apt-get install imagemagick

Then in the images folder, do something like:

convert *.png out.pdf

Maybe you can do convert * out.pdf.(I didn' t try this one). Otherwise, You can convert other images to png first then do above. For more details see doc of imagemagick convert command.


How do I install Landscape for personal use?

For Ubuntu 16.04 or 14.04 LTS

You can install Landscape directly on a machine running Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, this is called "Landscape On Premises." It is free for up to 10 physical (or virtual) machines and 50 containers:

Deploying a single server

WARNING: landscape-quickstart modifies apache configuration files, DO NOT DO THIS ON AN EXISTING SERVER INSTALLATION without understanding what you are getting into.

Just install the Landscape Quickstart package:
Check here for changes to the below instructions:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:landscape/17.03
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install landscape-server-quickstart

After it finishes, access it with a browser like https://hostname.example.com/

Where hostname.example.com is the output of hostname -f on that machine, or just hostname if that fails to resolve.

Using Landscape

You should then see the web UI after filling in your name and contact details:

Click on the link highlighted to add client machines:

Follow those instructions on the client you want to join to Landscape. Note the following line:

sudo landscape-config --computer-title "My Web Server" --account-name standalone  --url https://<servername>/message-system --ping-url http://<servername>/ping

You can customize the title and so forth for each machine. See the landscape-config man page for more information.

After you type in the landscape-config command the client will ask you some questions, those are optional, you can just hit Enter until the client restarts, then you can accept the client in the web UI.

Registering clients with a self signed certificate:

The quickstart package installs a self-signed certificate that is generated on-the-fly.

Grab this file from the server: /etc/ssl/certs/landscape_server_ca.crt
Copy it somewhere on the client, for example, /etc/landscape/landscape_server_ca.crt
Change /etc/landscape/client.conf to include this line, pointing at the file you just copied: ssl_public_key = /etc/landscape/landscape_server_ca.crt

Then try to register again. (Thanks to panlinux for figuring this out)

Further Reading:

Landscape website
On-prem Landscape 17.03 Release Notes


Tested on Acer Aspire R7 (i7) with 13.04, 13.10, 14.04

All special keys work as expected: WiFi on/off, Sleep, Switch Display output, Screen on/off, Touchpad on/off, Mute, Keyboard backlight, Keyboard on/off, Play/Pause, Stop, Next&Previous track, Volume Up&Down, LCD backlight Up&Down.

There is only one key that is not handled by Ubuntu (but works) - Keyboard backlight.

Some additional xorg configuration is needed to make LCD backlight to work (/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/80-intel_backlight.conf):

Section "Device"
  Identifier  "Intel Graphics"
  Driver      "intel"
  Option      "AccelMethod"     "sna"
  Option      "Backlight"       "intel_backlight"
  Driver      "intel"
  BusID       "PCI:0:2:0"
EndSection

Touchscreen with multitouch works as well as Synaptic Touchpad.

Also note, there are no drivers for ALS (ambient light sensor) and Gyroscope/Orientation sensor in current Linux kernel, so it will not work. You'll need to adjust LCD backlight and screen orientation manually.

WiFi works great with proprietary driver.

Bluetooth works only after some additional magic (/etc/rc.local):

#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.
echo 04ca 2004 > /sys/bus/usb/drivers/btusb/new_id
exit 0

nVidia works great with bumblebee/optirun and proprietary driver (nouveau driver is installed by default and it does not work).

Additional devices, such as USB Ethernet Adapter, VGA Adapter and HDMI also work without any problems.


How to Open the Profile Management Window Every Time You Open Chrome?

Make a desktop file:

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/My-Chrome.desktop

Copy paste the following to it:

[Desktop Entry]
Comment=Chrome my profile
Terminal=false
Name=My Chrome
Exec=google-chrome --profile-directory="Guest Profile"
Type=Application
Icon=google-chrome
Name[en_US]=My Chrome

Save it.

Named it "My Chrome" to differentiate from the regular Chrome launcher.

Now look for "My Chrome" and click on it.

You can also open it from Terminal with the command line:

google-chrome --profile-directory="Guest Profile"


The solution was sudo apt-get purge vlc-data

Thanks for all the help!


Booting from USB "Failed to lookup EFI memory descriptor"

Faulty machine by the looks of it. After gaining password access even more HW errors were reported in just Legacy boot mode.


How do I utterly stop automatic update checks in Ubuntu 19.04?

I had the same problem. ‘Automatically check for updates’ set to ‘Never’ in the ‘Software & Updates’ dialogue but repositories still being updated (i.e. the equivalent of running sudo apt-get update) and then updates suggested for download by update-notifier (I presume because I still had ‘When there are [x] updates’ set to ‘Display immediately’).

Reading the answer to this question (How can I ban Software Updater from checking for updates at certain times of day or certain days of week?) has led me to this answer:

gnome-software is doing it
I have uninstalled it (sudo apt-get purge gnome-software) and – so far as I can tell – the repositories are no longer being automatically updated
I didn’t try it, but the link above and my reading of the dconfig page for it (‘Description: If enabled, GNOME Software automatically downloads updates in the background and prompts the user to install them when ready’) suggests that using dconfig to set /org/gnome/software/download-updates to false, or just running gsettings set org.gnome.software download-updates false, will also do the trick

You may also need to remove unattended-upgrades (sudo apt-get purge unattended-upgrades), but I had done that already and it didn’t stop the problem dealt with here. Put another way, removing unattended-upgrades may also be necessary to deal with this problem but it is not sufficient.

Incidentally, I think that this is a bug, or at least a mistake. If a user (who just wants to use Ubuntu out of the box without coming to AskUbuntu or similar sites to get under the hood) sets a system setting called ‘Automatically check for updates’ to ‘Never’ then a piece of default software should not cut across that decision. I have seen a number of people argue, well, it is in their best interests to have automatic updates, sure, perhaps it is, but if they are given the option to say they don’t want them, and they take it, then they shouldn’t get them!


I, thankfully, was able to get my USB modem to work by installing libusb and usb_modeswitch. The instructions for these can be found here.


How to install conda package manager only?

Regardless of your objection to it: install miniconda. miniconda only installs conda and its dependencies so that would satisfy your needs. The fact you already have python installed has not a lot to do with installing conda: "during the installation you need to  add the conda installation of Python to your PATH environment variable nothing more".

Also see the installation guide for conda.


Not able to install ubuntu on msi PE 70 6QE

Thanks to very precise inputs from Zachary and some inputs from other forums, I am finally able to get Ubuntu up, still not tested much on Nvidia drivers, assuming it is okay. Following is summary of what I tried --

Problems 1> Nvidia support in Live CD 2> BIOS configuration 3>Dual boot management 4> acpi

1> Created DVD ROM ( Live CD )for 16.04 LTS from Windows ( Right click on iso, burn image )
2> BIOS parameters -- Fast boot off, Intel Speed startup off, Secure boot off ( Hold Del while booting )
3> Boot from Live CD/DVD, on the initial menu ( try boot, install ubuntu .. ) select try boot and press e ( could have been install ), changed the line containing linux , added noveau.modeset=0 acpi=off before quiet splash
4> Followed more or less something like following.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/GraphicalInstall
During installation selected ubuntu side by side windows, did not erase windows, installed ubuntu in hard disk space suggested by installer ( two partitions around 300 + 200 )
5> Ran boot repair from within ubuntu --https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair
 booted with try boot ( This was possibly not necessary as I had not checked the BIOS boot order option below earlier )
6> To boot from ubuntu -- selected ubuntu first in BIOS boot order
7> Followed instructions to change Nvidia libs --
Graphics issues after/while installing Ubuntu 16.04/16.10 with NVIDIA graphics
After this I was able to remove noveau.modeset=0
8> In BIOS select UEFI with CSM, after this I was able to remove acpi=off from boot
9> Had some problem with touch pad, it would not respond. I changed bootup numlock state to off, most likely it does not have any correlation but my touch pad is now working


Partitions required for Installing Ubuntu?

If you are new to Ubuntu - don't bother. Just leave some unallocated, unpartitioned space to the Ubuntu, and installer will ask what you want to achieve:

Advanced partitioning is an option only if you know what you're doing. For example, having or not having swap partition, isolating home partition, can give some benefits, but for Linux newbies this is totally useless :)


Ubuntu 17 refuses to boot from PCIe-Disk

You should be able to put your root filesystem on the pcie disk, and boot from another device as long as you can put the other device ahead of the pcie disk in the boot order.  Unfortunately, not all BIOSes will allow that degree of selection on the hard disks.

First determine if you can boot the sata disk when the pcie disk is present.  Ensure the sata is before the pcie disk in the boot order if that is possible.  If you can boot sata, and the pcie disk already has an Ubuntu install on it, you should be able to run

sudo update-grub

and the grub boot menu should now include the pcie disk.

If you cannot boot the sata disk when the pcie disk is present, you may still be able to boot off a USB device which you can put before the HDD in the bootorder.  In that case, boot off a USB, then select the item with the root on the pcie disk.   A regular install to the USB (stick?) should be able to boot, then insert the pcie disk, and boot the USB. Run sudo update-grub to pick up the pcie disk in the USB grub menu, and try a reboot the USB and select the pcie to run.

Unfortunately, installing to a USB is not something the Ubuntu installer does (yet) (bugs 1173457, 1229488,...), and worse, tends to mess up a working Ubuntu on the host. There are other answers on this site for doing a full install to a USB, If you have problems, I can help, but to summarize:

Backup your working hdd boot (the /EFI directory on the EFI partition).  Copy /boot/grub/grub.cfg to a saved copy like /EFI/ubuntu/grub.cfg.good so you can restore it if (when) it gets reset to point to the USB (bug). List your working nvram entries with efibootmgr -v, so you can see what works.  Install to the USB in UEFI mode -- EFI partition on the USB should be created, but is left empty. Copy the entire EFI partition off the hdd to the USB.  Fix the USB /EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi so it is a copy of grubx64.efi (or shimx64.efi if secure booting, and in that case, also have a copy of grubx64.efi too.)  On the USB, edit the /EFI/ubuntu/grub.cfg to use the UUID of the USB root (sdb2?).  Restore the hdd grub.cfg.good to grub.cfg.  Yea, what a mess, just to create a booting UEFI full install USB stick.

I had an HP laptop, which hung in grub when I added a second disk to a disk caddy in the optical slot -- this caddy was checked before the original hard disk (regardless of what order I used on the CD/DVD entry), so I could not even have the caddy present and boot off the original disk.  Putting grub onto a USB allowed grub to fully start, and selecting the root fs on the caddy then worked. Maybe that approach would work for you.


Neither launcher nor dash appears on login, Unity Plugin enabled

If you are not going to use the nvidia driver you probably need to re-install the nuouveau driver. You can do this by pressing CTRL + ALT + F2 after you power up your computer. From there, you can sign into a text session using your username and password. After you sign in, type the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get install libdrm-nouveau2 xserver-xorg-video-nouveau nouveau-firmware
sudo reboot

After you reboot, everything should be back to the way it used to be.

If that does not work, try resetting compiz and unity by using the following commands:

sudo apt-get install wget python dconf-tools
wget https://launchpad.net/~amith/+archive/ubuntutools/+build/3910667/+files/unity-reset_0.1-8_all.deb
sudo chmod +x unity-reset_0.1-8_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i unity-reset_0.1-8_all.deb
sudo apt-get -f install
unity-reset
dconf reset -f /org/compiz/
compiz --replace
sudo reboot


what now... when alsa force-unload fails

Try to reinstall, type in terminal:

sudo apt-get remove --purge alsa-base pulseaudio
sudo apt-get install alsa-base pulseaudio
sudo alsa force-reload

Reboot PC.

Still not working?

Try a second alternative method to fix no sound, type in terminal:

sudo gedit /etc/default/speech-dispatcher

change RUN=yes to RUN=no
Reboot PC.


Different printing setting in Gnome Shell and in Unity

You're actually looking at two separate applications. The screenshot at the top is system-config-printer (called "Printing" in the shell) and the screenshot at the bottom is gnome-printers-panel (called "Printers" -- but they may have the same name in your language!). Both are available in both desktop environments.

The latter one is probably supposed to replace the former in Gnome 3, but as you have noticed, it isn't as functional as the old one (yet). That explains why both are installed.

I can't explain why printing doesn't work in Gnome Shell. Do you still experience problems if you use system-config-printer to set up your printer in Gnome Shell?


There are ancient Neo Geo emulators roaming around. Alongside GnGeo, there is NeoCD/SDL. I've no idea how well that works but it's just as old so it's just as likely to explode.

The reason NeoGeo gets no love is because people just use MAME. MAME handles a wide spectrum of consoles and arcade machines. And people tend to favour the original arcade ROMs that NeoGeo games are ports of. UpUbuntu.com has a fairly good tutorial on getting it all set up that I can't beat... But the basics revolve around the mame package.

We also have a question about various MAME front-ends:

Are there any UI for MAME?


Allow a program to edit the current wallpaper

It's not about changing system configuration.
If your wine application can run in "batch mode" or automatically:

set up an initial image e.g. 'calendar.png' as your wallpaper (that can contain anything, as long as it's a PNG file)
set up a cron job to run your wine app and overwrite that file
the desktop will be updated automatically

This assumes your wine app can produce PNG files (the recommended file formats for this type of images). Otherwise just replace any occurrence of PNG in this answer with the supported file format.

Cheers


Looked around A LOT but can't avoid black screen after logging into Ubuntu VM from Mac 10.6 host

Whenever we choose a real partition from a multi-boot setup for Virtual Box to boot from we need to make sure there were no conflicting kernel modules installed.

If we are unable to boot the graphical desktop there may be graphics driver modules which do not fit to the virtual box environment, or guest additions modules breaking other modules needed for the bare metal installation.

To overcome this we should set up a small VDI to boot a separate Ubuntu in Virtual Box. We then will be able to share the bare metal HOME (or other directories if needed) for data and settings after adding their corresponding partitions to the virtual machine.


How to connect to an android device to Ubuntu by use Wifi-hotspot function of android to browse android files?

There are few apps who can share Android files and folders like as Samba server. But they need your device to be rooted.

If your device isn't rooted (like mine) you can use ES File Explorer and its Remote Manager option.

Turn on WiFi Hotspot into your Android device. And connect the PC to it.
Run ES File Explorer > Menu > Network > Remote Manager > Turn on:

Type the ftp address listed on the screen into the PC's web browser.

Or browse the ftp via some (ftp capable) file browser. For example with Nautilus:

Or mount the ftp location to your file system.

sudo apt install curlftpfs
sudo mkdir /mnt/ftp
sudo chown user:group /mnt/ftp
curlftpfs 192.168.1.150:3721 /mnt/ftp/

You can read and write, but cannot delete files. That's it.


Should i change .config folder ownership that is in my own home directory? Why is it under root?

to answer 1)
yes, these directories should be owned by you, not root. you can safely chown them back to you.

as for the second question:
this may happen if you run programs using sudo.

You can see why, when you run sudo env, which tells you HOME is still /home/username instead of /root.

To avoid such mess you can use sudo like this:

sudo -u root -H env

now you can see HOME=/root. Instead of env you can use any other command as well.


Run these commands in a terminal

sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get install -f

Now start your installation


The folder that you cannot write to is in Windows right?
When you navigate to the shared folder's security tab on your Windows machine, who are the users and what privileges do they have? Which users have write access (ie: Users/Administrators)?

I can reproduce the same error as you when the entire folder is marked read-only but still shared on the Windows machine (just like the default settings on the C:\Users\Public folder).

How about try making a new folder in Windows, navigating to the security tab and add "Everyone" as a user - with full control for its access privileges. Then navigate to the Sharing tab and share that folder over the network. Do you get the same error when writing to it on your Kubuntu machine?

If this works, then I would make sure the credentials I'm inputting when I do smb://<windows-machine-IP>/<sharedfolder> is listed on that Security tab and has full control.


How to have one browser with Flash and Java?

Google Chrome 35 onwards does not support java plugin.(as of 4 november 2014)
If you want to use java on browser either use Mozilla Firefox or downgrade Chrome to 34 version(backup your bookmarks and settings).

To enable java in browser, install java by copy and pasting following commands one by one
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java -y
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer -y

Manual method for users not getting java even after install java by above method
Follow these instructions to enable Java in your web browser on Ubuntu Linux.
Google Chrome 34 and previous

Become the root user by running the su command and then enter the super-user password. Type:
sudo -s
Create a directory called plugins if you do not have it. Type:
mkdir -p /opt/google/chrome/plugins
Go to Google chrome plugins directory before you make the symbolic link. Type:
cd /opt/google/chrome/plugins
Create a symbolic link. Type:
ln -s  /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so
Restart your browser and  test java

Mozilla Firefox
Become the root user by running the su command and then enter the super-user password. Type:
sudo -s
Create a directory called plugins if you do not have it. Type:
mkdir -p /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins
Go to Mozilla plugins directory before you make the symbolic link. Type:
cd /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins
Create a symbolic link. Type:
ln -s  /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so
Restart your browser and test java

To enable flash in Firefox you have to install Adobe Flash from Ubuntu Software Center. search for flash in Software center


I've not yet attempted a sync with banshee or rhythmbox. However, out of the box, a clean install of 12.04 (x64) on a Dell XPS L502x with both Banshee and Rhythmbox produced the following results when connecting an iPhone4 via USB:

ubuntu detects the phone as both a Camera, and as a Music device
The music on the device is visible via both Rhythmbox and Banshee (I've not tried to update anything just yet - need to backup the phone first).
Shotwell cannot import photos - cannot obtain lock on device
Nautilus can browse the device and copy photos - nice workaround for shotwell

Side note: I'm finding that Banshee is now very resource hungry on this release. On 11.04 it was the better music player (especially if you had an apple device (prior to iphone 4).


You have added the Ubuntu-X team X Updates PPA (ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates) to your packages sources. This PPA doesn't contain any packages for Ubuntu 12.10.

Just remove it from your package sources. See "How can PPAs be removed?" if you don't know how to do this.


Needed to upgrade HPLIP to version 3.14.4

http://hplipopensource.com/hplip-web/install/install/index.html had all required instructions.

Note the USB port on printer accepted scan, and I could see the memory stick on the main computer (through the printer's USB port.
I cannot yet get the scanner to go directly to the computer, but using a memory stick in the USB port is sufficient for me.


Dropbox instead of the documents folder?

You could use symlinks, but you would have to do it the other way round (symlink your dropbox folder onto your documents folder). This would, to all intents and purposes make any files in your dropbox folder show up in your documents folder. The command to do this:

sudo ln -s ~/Dropbox/* ~/Documents

Obviously replace any folder names as necessary.

** EDIT **

Scratch that. This script: http://forums.dropbox.com/topic.php?id=9665 will allow you to rename / move your dropbox folder wherever you want. Its not yet possible (?) to have more than one folder synced to dropbox (although it is through ubuntu one)

** EDIT 2 **

Or just switch the symlink around so it works the other way. See this:
http://wiki.dropbox.com/TipsAndTricks/SyncOtherFolders


Sony Vaio VGN-FJ170, Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, fn keys combinations doesnt work

I have similar problems with an Asus q500a. It reads all my f keys correctly, and some of the fn+f combos work, but some of them are read as letter keys, except they do not release. Do you have the same problem? I have been looking at https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Hotkeys/Troubleshooting but having trouble sorting it all out. Let me know if you have any luck!


How to create a button event on Ubuntu SDK

I do not know how to do it via the GUI, but if you go to edit mode, and go to the button, you can change the onClicked event.

Button {
    iconSource: "icon.png"
    text: "Icon on left"
    iconPosition: "left"
    onClicked: print("clicked text and icon Button")
}

You can find more information here: http://developer.ubuntu.com/api/devel/ubuntu-13.10/qml/ui-toolkit/qml-ubuntu-components0-button.html


Usually one of the following can be used:

Some programs use Control + M to show and hide the menubar.
Many programs have a toolbar (not titlebar) context menu item to control menubar visibility.

Some programs show a hamburger menu on the toolbar (usually on the far right) when the menubar is hidden.


Try to install this package with this command:
sudo apt install libcanberra-gtk-module libcanberra-gtk3-module


Timeshift setup: what is the result of the different `/root` options?

It clearly says: User home directories are excluded by default unless you enable them here.

It is not designed to backup user files, only system files. So no user's files should be backup by default.

But if you really want to include some user's files and folders, you could do it as shown on the picture. Including hidden files will backup user's configuration folders and files. Including all will backup all folders and files.

  Timeshift is similar to applications like rsnapshot, BackInTime and
  TimeVault but with different goals. It is designed to protect only
  system files and settings. User files such as documents, pictures and
  music are excluded. This ensures that your files remains unchanged
  when you restore your system to an earlier date. If you need a tool to
  backup your documents and files please take a look at the excellent
  BackInTime application which is more configurable and provides options
  for saving user files.

Reference

So don't use it for backup and restore user's files. Only hidden user's files and directories backup -> restore could be reasonable.


"you need a C compiler to build uWSGI" - but gcc is present

uwsgi is already in the repositories.  It might not be version 1.9.20 but it should still work for your needs (and is basically the same uwsgi from PyPI except precompiled and installable).

For installing it, and its Python 3 plugin, just run:

sudo apt install uwsgi uwsgi-plugin-python3

This will install uwsgi and the Python 3 plugin.  You can then execute uwsgi --plugin=python3 ... as normal for running it directly.

This said, if you don't want to run things yourself manually (though you may need to in some cases), you can also set up uwsgi configuiration files in /etc/uwsgi/*.ini and then start those services with sudo systemctl stop uwsgi && sudo systemctl start uwsgi and it'll run daemon-ized automatically.  Documentation on that, however, is in uwsgi's documentation, and is too complex and in-depth for me to copy here.  I use this to run three APIs for my employer on their infrastructure that're UWSGI based and have data passed into them from web endpoints authorized to access the API points, and it works pretty effectively.


Ubuntu won't boot: run-init: /sbin/init: Permission denied and /bin/sh: 0: Can't open splash

As we can see in the messages you get, the most possible cause is a permission issue. Also it seems that /sbin/init and /etc/init exist but /bin/init does not.

Get rid of /bin/sh: 0: Can't open splash

First we should get a shell to fix the problem. To get rid of /bin/sh: 0: Can't open splash and get a shell: If you only have an Ubuntu installed (GRUB will not appear by default), while the system is booting hold the shift key to make GRUB appear. Then on the default menu press E.

You will find a line starting with Linux. At that line remove the splash parameter and then press Ctrl+x, now you will be
 dropped into a sh shell. Run /bin/bash to get a bash shell if you want to. I prefer bash over sh because it has auto-complete functionality.

Alternatively instead of removing splash parameter, you can add init=/bin/bash at the end of that line and then press Ctrl+x; this time we'll be dropped into bash instead of sh.

Fix the run-init: /sbin/init: Permission denied

Run:

ls -lH /sbin/init

It should produce something like:

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1577000 Feb 15 12:20 /sbin/init

As we can see permissions are messed up. in almost all systems these days /sbin/init is a link to systemd, just to make sure:

# ls -l /sbin/init
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1577000 Feb 15 12:20 /sbin/init -> /lib/systemd/systemd

Sure it is, your / (root) file system is mounted in ro state (Read only), lets change it to rw (Read and write):

# mount -o remount,rw /

Then fix the permissions:

# chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o=rx /lib/systemd/systemd

Reboot the system.


what directory should I use as my new hard drive?

Since you mounted partition sdb1, which resides on your second drive sdb, to the folder mnt/videodrive, now, the entire contents of that partition is available in the folder where it is mounted. So also files you place in that folder, or in its subfolders, physically exist on the mounted drive.
If some application uses /usr/lib/unifi-video/data/videos as its standard directory, that application will continue writing files there. If you want the files to go to mnt/videodrive, there are two possibilities:
Possibility 1: at the application level Change the settings of your application to save files to the new location. How to change its standard save directory, and whether it will be easily possible, depends on the application. We have no information, so you will need to find out on your own how that can be achieved.
Possibility 2: at the operating system level Linux has powerfull symlinks. These allow to transparently redirect a file or an entire folder to another location. Thus, you could replace the folder /usr/lib/unifi-video/data/videos by a symbolic link that links through to /mnt/videodrive.
This is how this can be done. First command deletes the video folder under /usr/lib/unifi-video/data/. Make sure you empty that folder first. Second command creates the symbolic link, with the same name. For practical purposes, this symbolic link feels and behaves like a folder.
rmdir /usr/lib/unifi-video/data/videos
ln -s /mnt/videodrive /usr/lib/unifi-video/data/videos

In very specific cases, a link may not work. In that case, a mount -bind can be used.


Switched routers, now firefox and terminal can't find sites, but Chrome and Tor can

Even though it does not sound like you are a novice in the world of networking, I would like to piont to the obvious: DNS

Are you sure that your new router is actually set up to provide DNS information? Perhaps the Windows system handles this at connection level and therefore does not care that the router is not handing out this information.'

I would suggest to try to ping an outside IP address instead of a domain name, e.g. ping 8.8.8.8
If this gives positive results then you know that you have contact with the outside world and that it is name resolving that is the issue.


The resulting .iso doesn't work - MultiCD

Moving comments into the answer:

Okay, if you need an ISO and a thumb drive try it out in a VM.  If it tells you you're using the wrong architecture, that's probably what's giving you the kernel panic.  Try the procedure again with i686 or i386 isos.  It's the same thing you did before.  See the difference?


You're right, your issue isn't with fglrx as fglrx is used by AMD/ATI GPUs. Your problem is caused by nVidia Drivers.

Run the following command to remove them, and reboot:

    `$sudo apt-get purge nvidia-current
    `$sudo apt-get remove nvidia-current-updates
    `sudo apt-get remove nvidia-experimental-304

Or just open Synaptic and search for nvidia, delete everything that you see now.

Reboot the system. See if everything's working.
Run this command to check if Unity-3D will work:

$ /usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p

Reboot again. Reinstall latest nVidia drivers:

$sudo apt-get install nvidia-current-updates


Configure key shortcuts in context menu of ubuntu terminal

Paste in Ubuntu Gnome terminal already has a shortcut, it is Shift-Ctrl-V.

If you forget it, you can see it in the edit menu above, see image.

Image showing edit menu


You can try this,
First unpack both the packages and then try to configure them:

sudo dpkg --unpack wine1.4-i386.deb wine1.4-common.deb

Then use this command to configure

sudo dpkg --configure -a

Alternatively, you may simply try to setup a local repository with this two package and install them using it.

How to create a local APT repository?
How can I install software or packages without Internet (offline)?

Hope this answer will help you.


analysis of a binary file, homework problem

Try

hexdump -C filename

It would be the first tool I'd use  (filename should be replaced by your actual filename).

If you need details for the command, use man hexdump which will show you the reference manual page for the command hexdump.


Can I use Ubuntu or should I use a lower version like Xubuntu?

I'm using Ubuntu on a similar laptop without any problems. I think you should give it a shot - if it turns out that for some reason it's not working properly/snappy, you can install another desktop environment alongside the one currently installed (which is Unity by default for Ubuntu).

Package names are postfixed with -desktop (e.g. xubuntu-desktop or kubuntu-desktop). As for LXDE (Lubuntu), there is lxde package as well. You'd install them like normal packages (using sudo apt-get [package name]). After that you can choose which one you want to use at login screen. Keep in mind that LXDE should be the most lightweight, followed by XFCE (Xubuntu).

--
As a side note *ubuntus aren't lower versions, they just ship with different desktop environment and utilities.


What should I do when I've hit "start a new shell to examine the situation"

Hitting Ctrl+D re-enabled the prompt and allowed me to continue the installation.


What it is saying is that within "items" there is no module named "unstable".

Some things to try:

Open a terminal and run the python interpreter and import items and then try help(items).

You might be able to try sudo pip install items or sudo pip install revkit_python

Although it seems like items is a specific module related to revkit.

Some files might need to be made try: ./configure; make && make install within the revkit folder.


The path you are using
I am pretty sure '/home/Desktop/1.jpg' does not exist. It should be '/home/yourname/Desktop/1.jpg', unless Desktop  is your name :).
Using paths in a python script in general
You are probably confusing /home with $HOME  which you also cannot use, just like ~.
In a python script, you cannot simply use relative- or variable paths.


1) Save the contents of the code block into a .sh file.

2) Then, run chmod +x what-you-called-it.sh

3) Finally, you can run it with sudo ./what-you-called-it.sh

#!/bin/bash

clear
printf "Stopping network service... "
service network-manager stop > /dev/null
echo "done"
sleep 1
printf "Bringing wlan0 down... "
sleep 1
ifconfig wlan0 down
echo "done"
sleep 1
printf "Changing MAC address... "
sleep 1
ifconfig wlan0 hw ether 00:11:22:33:44:55
echo "done"
sleep 1
printf "Bringing wlan0 up... "
sleep 1
ifconfig wlan0 up
echo "done"
sleep 1
printf "Starting network service... "
sleep 1
service network-manager start > /dev/null
echo "done"
echo


What specific bad things happen when gedit is used with sudo?

Well maybe it's a fantasy, but there are a number of people saying the same thing:

Why should I use gksudo for Gtk apps instead of sudo?

  There are other times, though, when side effects can be as mild as Firefox extensions not sticking or as extreme as as not being able to log in any more because the permissions on your .ICEauthority changed.

Why should users never use normal sudo to start graphical applications?

  Suppose you're running gedit (a graphical text editor) as root. If you run sudo gedit, HOME will continue to point toward your home directory, even though the program is running as root. Consequently, gedit will write configuration files as root into your home directory. This will sometimes result in the configuration files being owned by root and thus inaccessible to you (when you later run the program as yourself and not as root).

How to run a GUI program as a different user (Debian)?

  First off, don't use sudo or su to change users to run a graphical process, or you're liable to have problems down the line (~/.ICEauthority changing owner is a notable issue). Instead, create a shortcut that uses the following command:

Running Sudo Graphically

  Well, to be perfectly honest, most of the time it isn't. For a lot of applications, you can run them the improper way—using sudo for graphical applications and see no adverse side effects.

  ...

  These errors occur because sometimes when sudo launches an application, it launches with root privileges but uses the user's configuration file.

This mail archive may also be of interest to you.

So, let's test it.

2 brand new virtual boxes. Ubuntu 14.04. Never run firefox on them. What will happen when I run the command sudo firefox?

tim@Hairy14CVB:~$ sudo firefox
(process:4857): GLib-CRITICAL **: g_slice_set_config: assertion 'sys_page_size == 0' failed

...

shutdownObserver@XPIProvider.jsm:2192:13

This is the same (or at least very similar) for both virtual boxes. While firefox was running, I installed a youtube extension - a featured one. Then I closed firefox, and checked the output.

tim@Hairy14CVB:~$ ls -la .ICEauthority
-rw------- 1 tim tim 1336 Jun  4 21:31 .ICEauthority

Well, .ICEauthority is fine! However...

tim@Hairy14CVB:~$ ls -la | grep root
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4096 Jun  1 20:49 ..
drwx------  3 root root 4096 Jun  5 22:41 .dbus
drwx------  4 root root 4096 Jun  5 22:41 .mozilla

3 things in my home folder (/home/tim/) are owned by root (.., .dbus and .mozilla). This is the same (or at least very similar) for both virtual boxes.

So, does this matter. I wasn't sure, so I ran firefox, like this:

tim@Hairy14CVB:~$ firefox

(process:4959): GLib-CRITICAL **: g_slice_set_config: assertion 'sys_page_size == 0' failed
Error: Access was denied while trying to open files in your profile directory.

And this ugly error:

For the full terminal output (including firefox babble), see these two pastebins, here and here.

I can still run firefox as root by the way. But now more files have been changed:

tim@Hairy14VB:~$ ls -la | grep root
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root  4096 Jun  3 19:46 ..
drwx------  3 root root  4096 Jun  5 22:55 .adobe
drwx------  3 root root  4096 Jun  5 22:40 .dbus
drwx------  3 root root  4096 Jun  5 22:55 .macromedia
drwx------  4 root root  4096 Jun  5 22:40 .mozilla

Was this because I uploaded an image to imgur.com? Not sure.

How did I fix this? chown. I don't understand it, but the internet said to do it, and it's a Virtual Box so yolo.

sudo chown -R tim:tim /home/tim/

And that fixed it. Now the output is just the .. file:

tim@Hairy14VB:~$ ls -la | grep root
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root  4096 Jun  3 19:46 ..

And that's the same on my actual computer. Oh, and on my Kubuntu virtualbox:

tim@Hairy14VB:~$ ls -la | grep root
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 May 16 14:10 ..

Which I've never even run a sudo command on. So all is well. Just don't run sudo on a GUI application.

Final test: run it with the -H and the -i flags:

sudo -H firefox

and

sudo -i firefox

And good news! Still, the only root "thing" is ... And I can run firefox without root.

OP wants me to talk about Gedit.

I ran

sudo gedit

Then installed some random plugins. This was the output:

tim@Hairy14VB:~$ ls -la | grep root
ls: cannot access .gvfs: Permission denied
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root   4096 Jun  3 19:46 ..

Note that I can't even view the ownership of .gvfs so I did this:

tim@Hairy14VB:~$ sudo ls -la | grep root
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root   4096 Jun  3 19:46 ..
dr-x------  2 root root      0 Jun  6 10:05 .gvfs

So running sudo gedit does change a file in my home directory to root.

I can still open gedit, but this time I get some garbage out:

(gedit:7422): Gtk-WARNING **: Attempting to read the recently used resources file at `/home/tim/.local/share/recently-used.xbel', but the parser failed: Failed to open file '/home/tim/.local/share/recently-used.xbel': Permission denied.

And that suggests there is another file (~.local/share/recently-used.xbel) that's been changed. I think this is the Recently used list of files and (lucky guess) I now no longer have my list of recently used files:

There should be a file there called output2.txt.save2.
My pronouns are He / Him


Super key not working on external keyboard

Make sure you didn't disable the super key from the keyboard. I have CM Storm Quickfire TK, everything works fine. I can enable gaming mode on the keyboard, and thus disable the super key altogether.


How do I set up a KVM/NVidia Passthrough virtual machine for gaming?

Ok, I have been on this journey the last few days using Fedora 20, KVM, Xen (all from the Repo, no patches or self-builds) using a GTX260 (for the guest/windows 7) and a cheap GT610 for host/dom0:

With KVM, some nvidia cards work but there are stability issues and your host can crash when rebooting the VM. I gave up on KVM because while it does work, it is far too unstable with my hardware.
I got Xen to passthrough the GTX260, it was very stable and I could shutdown the domU with no weirdness. I installed the nvidia drivers but got a common issue of windows reporting the card wasn't working correctly so I only had basic VGA capability on the guest.

After some reading around, it turns out nvidia cards are pretty crippled when it comes to passthrough. AMD submitted patches to qemu/xen and AMD cards are reportedly working without too many issues on KVM. Quoting from the Xen wiki test cards:

  All Radeon HD4xxx, HD6xxx and HD7xxx should work out-of-the-box as secondary adapter with Xen 4.2.1

This means your dom0 boots on one GPU and you passthrough a second GPU to your guest. There is also some support for handing off the primary GPU to a guest but this seems much less straightforward.

On the nvidia front, their high-end professional "Multi-OS" cards to work under Xen and KVM, but this is an artificial limitation placed on home/gamer cards by nvidia. Some people have been modding their cards to report as the equivalent quattro/grid card by replacing resistors on the board. This is possible because the multi-os cards are mostly identical to some higher-end home/gaming cards minus the device ID and some spec differences. Reading the boards, there are/were patches floating around that helped the nvidia case on Windows XP guests, but ... the whole nvidia thing just seems sketchy from a virtualization angle.

There's lots of this around (from the Xen wiki on GPU passthrough):

  It's assumed you have a ATI Card you want to passthrough, simply because NVIDIA will only work
  a) with certain patches and
  b) with certain Windows Versions

In conclusion, based on what I know, if you want to do passthrough gaming ... go with Xen and AMD cards with a cheap or on-board GPU for dom0 and an additional GPU for the gaming domU. Performance is very high considering the virtualisation overhead too, between 95% and 97% of native framerates in benchmarks.

Good luck!

Some links that help:

http://wiki.xen.org/wiki/XenVGAPassthroughTestedAdapters
https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=162768
http://wiki.xen.org/wiki/SecondaryGPUPassthrough


Without knowing what the exact error message was it will be difficult to diagnose. The basic sequence of events is :

You failed to boot into ubuntu
You tried recovery mode
Recovery mode runs some extra checks on the system and repairs stuff when it can
Whatver problem was fixed by the recovery mode basic tools
You rebooted and it started normally

This could have been caused by anything from a bad shutdown to some intermittent hardware fault, so its hard to tell exactly what caused it to begin with.

Recovery mode does not automatically start X (the graphic display system) which is why you were dropped into a shell (This is done so you can repair a broken Xconfig from recovery mode). You can start X manually by typing startx as a command next time if you don't want to reboot. If you are running vanilla ubuntu that should start X and run your default display manager (Unity or Gnome).


Privacy and Search panels missing from System Settings in Gnome 3.8

You must add ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3 and ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging to get the privacy icons as stated in: Privacy settings icon not visible in gnome 3.8

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging

Then just upgrade your gnome.

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Hope that helps.


Here are the steps how to setup gFTP to use SSH keys:

In the FTP menu click on Preferences;
Go to SSH tab;
Fill the field SSH Extra Params with this value:

-o IdentityFile=/home/<your user>/.ssh/id_rsa

Change <user name> with your real username. Or use:

-o IdentityFile=~/.ssh/id_rsa

In gFTP's main window choice SSH2 as type of the connection;
Enter the target Host name, or IP address;
Setup the SSH Port of the target machine (if it's not the default - 22);
Enter User for the SSH connection;
Enter your SSH key's Passphrase (if there is some);
Hit Enter.


Unicode keyboard layout missing on Tamil

The Tamil keyboard layouts seem to have been hidden intentionally in version 2.19 of the xkb-data package, which is the one shipped with Ubuntu 17.04. You know better than me whether the reasoning behind that measure is reasonable. (I'd be interested to hear your view.)

Anyway, they are hidden and not dropped. If you open a terminal window and run this command:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.input-sources show-all-sources true

the Tamil layouts should be shown in the user interface again.


Setting up on Ubuntu server for PXE Lan install for installing Windows

See if this works, mate: http://www.linuxjournal.com/magazine/pxe-not-just-server-networks-anymore?page=0,1


How to install odbcinst and odbcinst1debian2 via dpkg -i, when they depend on each other?

Install both deb packages at the same time.

Go into the download folder of odbcinst1debian2_2.2.14p2-5ubuntu3_amd64.deb
and odbcinst_2.2.14p2-5ubuntu3_amd64.deb and install via

sudo dpkg -i odbcinst*

or via

sudo dpkg -i odbcinst1debian2_2.2.14p2-5ubuntu3_amd64.deb odbcinst_2.2.14p2-5ubuntu3_amd64.deb

Or change the dependencies in one of deb files as described here.


Create a file "eclipse.desktop" or similar, just be sure to have the .desktop extension.
Open File with a texteditor (gedit for instance)
paste following code into the file:

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Exec=/home/path/to/eclipse/eclipse --clean -vmargs -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -Xmx1024m -Xms256m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m
Name=Eclipse JEE IDE
Icon=/home/path/to/eclipse/icon.xpm
Be sure to replace "/home/path/to/eclipse/" with your path to your eclipse installation folder.
Save the file
Make the file executable and copy it whereever you want an eclipse starter.

Happy Coding!


similar question here permission denied for root@localhost for ssh connection

answer was

By default, the SSH server denies password-based login for root. In /etc/ssh/sshd_config, change:

PermitRootLogin without-password

to

PermitRootLogin yes

And restart SSH:

sudo service ssh restart


Using the Disk Utility application as SUDO user in Unity or on CLI

You want palimpsest.

How did I find this out? I went to the folder /usr/share/applications and right clicked on Disk Utility, selecting Properties.


How shutdown the computer from console with option to cancel?

you can type shutdown --help in a terminal to see various options

shutdown --help
Usage: shutdown [OPTION]... TIME [MESSAGE]
Bring the system down.

Options:
  -r                          reboot after shutdown
  -h                          halt or power off after shutdown
  -H                          halt after shutdown (implies -h)
  -P                          power off after shutdown (implies -h)
  -c                          cancel a running shutdown
  -k                          only send warnings, don't shutdown
  -q, --quiet                 reduce output to errors only
  -v, --verbose               increase output to include informational messages
      --help                  display this help and exit
      --version               output version information and exit

  TIME may have different formats, the most common is simply the word
  'now' which will bring the system down immediately.  Other valid
  formats are +m, where m is the number of minutes to wait until
  shutting down and hh:mm which specifies the time on the 24hr clock.

  Logged in users are warned by a message sent to their terminal, you
  may include an optional MESSAGE included with this.  Messages can be
  sent without actually bringing the system down by using the -k option.

  If TIME is given, the command will remain in the foreground until the
  shutdown occurs.  It can be cancelled by Control-C, or by another user
  using the -c option.

  The system is brought down into maintenance (single-user) mode by
  default, you can change this with either the -r or -h option which
  specify a reboot or system halt respectively.  The -h option can be
  further modified with -H or -P to specify whether to halt the system,
  or to power it off afterwards.  The default is left up to the shutdown
  scripts.

to make run you will need sudo shutdown now for instance will shut the computer down right away.

hope this helps.


can't compile .cpp file with clang even after installing clang3.8

I checked /usr/bin/ and I saw clang++-3.8 and clang-3.8. I guess I have to make aliases for them in bashrc, but why didn't they get install with normal names like clang or clang++?


The problem seems to be that the program can't write to it's own config file.

I had the same problem in Windows, I ran VLC as admin then it worked. For Ubuntu, try doing the same thing by entering sudo vlc at the command line.

Might do the trick.


How to install an app written in Python?

The line

[ -x /usr/bin/update-desktop-database ] && sudo update-desktop-database -q

means "if /usr/bin/update-desktop-database exists and is executable then run sudo update-desktop-database -q.

The command update-desktop-database creates a database of MIME type handlers from the information found in the .desktop files in /usr/share/applications,  /usr/local/share/applications and $HOME/.local/share/applications.

Most likely the installation process is finished now and you should be able to use the app.


I also have (and had) many of these same problems. When you upgrade to a new distribution or install the latest one, not all developers have produced a working application for that version. APT automagically looks for the version name folder on the PPA source in your Software Sources.

In your case, 14.04 and 14.10 are similar enough that applications are likely to work on either one. (I've tested myself, they are plenty similar.)

To make this source update from 14.04 (Trusty) you can just open your Software & Updates application, switch tabs to Other Software, and look for the checked entry containing ppa.launchpad.net/tualatrix/ppa/ubuntu/dists/utopic/main.

Once you find it, you can select it, edit it, and change the Distribution field to "trusty". (no quotations) To finish up just run sudo apt-get update again.

I recommend checking back with the developer's page to see if they have updated their software to 14.10, if so, just go back into the Software Sources and set the distribution back to "utopic".


For a Full install of Ubuntu 12.04, and above, minimum disk space recommended is 5GB.

Ultimate speed depends on the make and model of the flash drive.
Some USB3 flash drives are faster than others.

Your solution makes sense to me.
Your laptop should see it as just another drive.

Probably a good idea to encrypt the drive and home folder as flash drives can be easily misplaced.


How can I see what version of pcmanfm I'm running?

You can use the command apt-cache policy pcmanfm in a terminal to see it. Alternatively you can also use the PcManFM GUI to see it. Go to Menu → Help → About to see the version.

As yet another method (as izx said in a comment), you can use dpkg -l pcmanfm to see the version number of it.


Restoring lightdm conf files after some mods can leave remnants that alter behaviour?

The actual problem is almost certainly unrelated to the lightdm.conf file.

Desktop sessions (or X sessions more generally) always belong to a user, and should never be invoked using sudo: doing so almost always results in a root-owned .Xauthority file, which can't subsequently be updated by the normal login / session startup process.

Either delete the file from your virtual terminal login session

rm ~/.Xauthority

(it will be regenerated on next successful session startup) or take ownership of it using

sudo chown $USER:$USER ~/.Xauthority

then try GUI login again with the restored conf file.