Disable Ctrl-Alt-L's behavior of locking the screen

Disable nothing and use meta key (aka Super or Windows key)
Hold down Ctrl+Alt+Meta+L and Ubuntu will ignore this for Lock Screen but your application will interpret it as Ctrl+Alt+L.
Disable Ctrl+Alt+T in Ubuntu shortcuts
Go to System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts -> System -> Lock Screen and hold down Ctrl+Alt+Shift+Z

This will hopefully allow you to reassign the original key combination in another application.
To disable lock screen permanently
Use:
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.lockdown disable-lock-screen 'true'

Source: https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2359828
On my dual monitor system the lock screen no longer appears when pressing Ctrl+Alt+L. However the screens saver still kicks in and you have to move mouse, touch a key, etc to turn the monitors back on. Although a password is not required to unlock the screen it might be a bug.


Origin won't open the login screen PlayOnLinux

On Wine appdb, they say Origin works well but the installer has a bug, here is the workaround

The workaround for installer:

Run the installer, wait until it'll finish installation, and actually throw an error about: the installer found some problems,
please download the installer from the link.
Don't download anything else, run VM or use friend's\any other's Windows PC.
Install Origin there
Make a full copy of Origin folder. (Default is: C:/Program Files (x86)/Origin)
Place the copy to winebox/playonlinuxdrive, overwriting any files exist.
Run the Origin.exe
Check that everything works.


installed ubuntu 12.0 on employer but did not display unity desktop

try unity —reset and unity —replace if this not help reinstall unity


How can I make gnome-tweaks changes apply to a newly plugged in USB keyboard without going through the GUI?

This is untested, but you may want to try:
gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.input-sources xkb-options
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.input-sources xkb-options "['caps:ctrl_modifier']"


Is any driver required for modern touchpads to function correctly?

Probably the easiest way to solve this is to open "Mouse and Touchpad" Settings. Then click the "Touchpad" tab, there will be options there to enable your scrolling.

The vast majority of touchpads are detected out of the box, but the scrolling is often left off by default.

Pick "edge-scrolling" or "2-finger scrolling" depending on your preferences, and then check the box for "Enable Horizontal Scrolling" and that should take care of it.


Why can't I build Ruby code from Sublime Text 3 when I launch it from Ubuntu Dash vs Ubuntu Terminal

Thanks to muru, I was able to fix this issue

Initially I did the configuration in the following manner:

echo 'export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'eval "$(rbenv init -)"' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/plugins/ruby-build/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

The correct method lies in echo-ing to ~/.profile instead of ~/.bashrc:

echo 'export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.profile
echo 'eval "$(rbenv init -)"' >> ~/.profile
echo 'export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/plugins/ruby-build/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.profile
source ~/.profile


Howto: execute a custom application from pcmanfm in lubuntu

You can set the default application to use for the relevant file type: Right-click a video file, select "Properties", change the "Open With" selection, and press OK.


Scaling 3rd party programs on small size high resolution display

Personally I would down your screen resolution.  As a general rule, even for advanced photo and video editing, you're better off to set your screen resolution to a size at which you can conveniently use it, and zoom in.  You might think you'll lose some quality, but it's worth a try.  Frequently high DPI screens are also of a quality that makes them quite good even at more normal resolutions of 1600x1080.


gpg2 not able to download keys "receive failed: try again later"

Considering you're able to locate the server via DNS.  The default port utilized by key servers may be blocked by your firewall.  Attempt specifying port 80 as some key servers permit sending keys via over http.
gpg2 -vvv --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net:80 --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3 7D2BAF1CF37B13E2069D6956105BD0E739499BDB

You can also open the port for outbound and established inbound connections:
sudo ufw allow 11371

or
sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 11371 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 11371  -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT


Nautilus - How to open a bookmark folder with keyboard in ubuntu 18.04

Press Ctrl+Shift+Enter to open the highlighted location.

Note that Ctrl+Enter would open the highlighted location in a new window and Shift+Enter would open the highlighted location in a new tab.


Kubuntu 16.04.2 freezes, error message is ata1:COMRESET failed (errno=-16)

You have stated that your checksum does not match the one here which is already a really bad sign likely meaning corruption and should usually indicate a need for reinstallation: http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/releases/xenial/release/SHA256SUMS

You have stated you don't want to reinstall, but unfortunately, it seems like that is may be the only option. You could try using a different mouse and keyboard and see if that prevents the freezing, or possibly try a different desktop environment instead and see if that helps - I suggest trying XFCE.

To install XFCE, open up a terminal window and type the following command:

sudo apt install xfce4

Once you have installed XFCE, you should log out and log in using the XFCE desktop environment and see if that helps.

You can also try reinstalling all packages with apt-get. To do this, open up a terminal window and type this:

dpkg --get-selections | grep -v deinstall | awk '{print $1}' > list.log
awk '$1=$1' ORS=' ' list.log > newlist.log
apt-get install --reinstall $(cat newlist.log)

If this does not work, you could try this command instead:

for pkg in dpkg --get-selections | awk '{print $1}' | egrep -v '(dpkg|apt|mysql|mythtv)' ; do apt-get -y --force-yes install --reinstall $pkg ; done

All of the packages should be reinstalled and hopefully that should do the trick and fix your issue. You could also try using Synaptic to reinstall your packages and hopefully that will help.

If not, it is likely that you will need to reinstall Kubuntu and this time verify that the downloaded ISO checksum matches the valid checksum.

sources:
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/79125/reinstalling-all-debian-packages
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=735693


Dell Latitude 5490 BIOS update broke Ubuntu

DELL fix this issue today in 1.2.3 BIOS version


You can do that with ffmpeg or avconv.

To extract a single image:

ffmpeg -i input.flv -ss 00:00:14.435 -f image2 -vframes 1 out.png
avconv -i input.flv -ss 00:00:14.435 -f image2 -vframes 1 out.png

This will extract one frame (-vframes 1) from the position 0h:0m:14sec:435msec into the movie.

These pages may help:

How to take multiple screenshots to an image (tile, mosaic)
Create a thumbnail image every X seconds of the video

Source: Create a thumbnail image every X seconds of the video


Roaming Profiles on Ubuntu server using samba with linux mint clients

yes roaming profiles are fairly easy within kerboros server realm or using active directory mode of SAMBA (suffer the pangs of Windows ideas and compatibility).

Either way you are setting up an external shared authentication database which can be used in place of local PC credentials to access network services and shares at every network logon. That is the key part which then leads to scripts in SAMBA [netlogon] shares that do common roaming setup tasks and setup automatic logon to [home] whichever way you decide to do it. That is SAMBA can provide individual personal shares or common network shares based on PC or with scripts shared group workspaces etc.

As far I can go except to note that the SAMBA version of Windows Active Domain Controller falls out with very little additional reading and no more servers.  But are you sure SAMBA is the right flavor of *NIX file server for your *NIX network? NFS might be better if Windows clients are not a factor.

A Kerberos realm controller however like most worthwhile *NIX ideas is a bigger commitment to learning, configuration and hardware resources...and probably far more beneficial in the long run if Windows concepts are minimized in what sounds like a strong and pure *NIX environment. Better solution if you go NFS or some other native *NIX file server approach.


WoW has Platinum rating in Wine App DB meaning it should work perfectly. Just install newer wine as described here.


Booting 64-bit Ubuntu Images on a First-Generation Mac Pro 1,1

This answer involves installing Ubuntu Server 14.04.5 from a DVD, then using the internet to upgrade to Ubuntu Server 16.04.3. From my understanding, your Mac is one of the early models that can not install Ubuntu from DVDs created from standard Ubuntu ISO file releases. Ubuntu used to release special ISO files for these early Mac models. The latest version releases of Ubuntu no longer contain these types of special ISO files. The last Ubuntu server special ISO file released is named ubuntu-14.04.5-server-amd64+mac.iso, which can be used to install Ubuntu server 14.04.5. This ISO file needs to be burned to a DVD. Once Ubuntu Server is installed from this DVD, you can immediately upgrade to Ubuntu Server 16.04.3, by issuing a single command.

  Note: Most linux distros have problems the WiFi hardware. After installing Ubuntu server 14.04.5, you will need the internet to upgrade to version 16.04.3. This answer does not address any problems involved in accessing the internet.

Below are the steps you need to follow.

Download the ubuntu-14.04.5-server-amd64+mac.iso file. I downloaded from this Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS (Trusty Tahr) website.
Burn the ubuntu-14.04.5-server-amd64+mac.iso file to a DVD. I prefer to use a rewritable DVD. This type of DVD takes longer to burn, but is reusable.
Create free space at the end of your internal drive for use by Ubuntu server. After doing on my Mac, the output from the command diskutil list disk0 shows the following.

/dev/disk0 (internal, physical):
   #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
   0:      GUID_partition_scheme                        +80.5 GB    disk0
   1:                        EFI EFI                     209.7 MB   disk0s1
   2:                  Apple_HFS Macintosh HD            40.0 GB    disk0s2
   3:                 Apple_Boot Recovery                650.0 MB   disk0s3

The output from the command sudo gpt -r show /dev/disk0 is shown below. This output reveals there is 77482191 sectors of free space. Since a sector is 512 bytes, this translates to approximately 40 GB of free space.

      start       size  index  contents
          0          1         PMBR
          1          1         Pri GPT header
          2         32         Pri GPT table
         34          6
         40     409600      1  GPT part - C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
     409640   78125000      2  GPT part - 48465300-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC
   78534640    1269536      3  GPT part - 426F6F74-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC
   79804176   77482191
  157286367         32         Sec GPT table
  157286399          1         Sec GPT header

Boot from the DVD. You have not done so already, insert the burned DVD in the optical drive and restart the Mac. Immediately, hold down the option key until the Startup Manager icons appear. Select the DVD icon labeled "Windows", then select the arrow under this icon.
(Optional) I installed using the default installation mode. If you want more installation options, you can enable the Expert mode. When you see the image shown below, you can select the Expert mode by entering the key sequence F6, space, esc, before pressing the return key.

  Note: I did not use the Expert mode, therefore I just pressed the return key to continue.

Proceed until you reach the partitioning part of the installation. When I reached the image shown below, I chose Guided - use the largest continuous free space.

In the next image, I chose the default <No>.

In the image shown below, I chose the default Finish partitioning and write changes to disk.

In the next image, I chose <Yes>.

When the following image appears, enter /dev/sda, then select <Continue>.

In the next image, I chose the default <Yes>.

When the installation is complete, boot to Ubuntu server. If you boot back to OS X, then enter the command below to set the default to BIOS booting.

sudo  bless  --device  /dev/disk0  --setBoot  --legacy

Next, restart the Mac to boot to Ubuntu server.
Upgrade to Ubuntu Server 16.04.3. Start by entering the command given below.

sudo  apt-get  update

Next, enter the command given below to display the contents of the update-manager/release-upgrades file.

cat  /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades

The last line of this file should appear as shown below. If not, edit the file and make the correction.

Prompt=lts

Finally, enter the command given below to upgrade to Ubuntu Server 16.04.3.

sudo  do-release-upgrade

While the upgrade takes place, several prompts will appear. Below is how I answered these prompts.

When the following prompt occurred, I entered y followed the the return key.

Installing the upgrade can take several hours. Once the download has
finished, the process cannot be canceled.

 Continue [yN]  Details [d]

You may not see this next image. When I did, I chose to install GRUB in /dev/sda, as shown below.

When an image similar to what is shown below appeared, I chose the default keep the local version currently installed.

When the following prompt occurred, I enter y followed the the return key.

34 packages are going to be removed.

 Continue [yN]  Details [d]

When the following prompt occurred, I enter y followed the the return key.

To finish the upgrade, a restart is required.
If you select 'y' the system will be restarted.

Continue [yN]

At this point, you will have finished installing Ubuntu Server 16.04.3.

FYI, if I boot back to OS X and run the diskutil list disk0 command, I would get what is shown below. You can compare this will the output from step 3.

/dev/disk0 (internal, physical):
   #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
   0:      GUID_partition_scheme                        +80.5 GB    disk0
   1:                        EFI EFI                     209.7 MB   disk0s1
   2:                  Apple_HFS Macintosh HD            40.0 GB    disk0s2
   3:                 Apple_Boot Recovery                650.0 MB   disk0s3
   4:        Bios Boot Partition                         1.0 MB     disk0s4
   5:           Linux Filesystem                         38.6 GB    disk0s5
   6:                 Linux Swap                         1.1 GB     disk0s6

Similarly, if I run the sudo gpt -r show /dev/disk0 command under OS X, I would get what is shown below. Again, you can compare this will the output from step 3.

      start       size  index  contents
          0          1         PMBR
          1          1         Pri GPT header
          2         32         Pri GPT table
         34          6
         40     409600      1  GPT part - C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
     409640   78125000      2  GPT part - 48465300-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC
   78534640    1269536      3  GPT part - 426F6F74-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC
   79804176        240
   79804416       2048      4  GPT part - 21686148-6449-6E6F-744E-656564454649
   79806464   75382784      5  GPT part - 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4
  155189248    2095104      6  GPT part - 0657FD6D-A4AB-43C4-84E5-0933C84B4F4F
  157284352       2015
  157286367         32         Sec GPT table
  157286399          1         Sec GPT header

Below are some references. You do not need to read these. I put them here for my use.

ReleaseNotes

How do I switch from Ubuntu desktop to Ubuntu server?

Can I convert Ubuntu Desktop 14.04 to Server?


Unable to close 'Applications' after update to 19.04

I solved this by disabling the "Workspace Grid" in gnome-shell. First I launched a terminal with Alt+Ctrl+t and then I issued the following command to open the gnome-shell extension preferences:

$ gnome-shell-extension-prefs

In the preferences I disabled the "Workspace Grid":
See this picture

Lastly, I logged out and in again and the problem was gone.


I cannot install or remove any packages because I keep getting this error: subprocess installed pre-removal script returned error exit status 127

So after trying several commands in the terminal to try to force remove it, I finally was able to figure out that the package had not completely installed. So I opened the DEB file, copied the rest of the files, and using "gksudo nautilus" to gain root access, I pasted the rest of the files which included the folder that the error mentioned was missing. Then Synaptic was able to fix the package, and I was able to permanently remove it.


How can I get a script to always run on resume in Lubuntu?

The fact that the log contained /etc/pm/sleep.d/reset_panel resume suspend: Cant connect to display: indicates that no display is set, and you are trying to run a graphical program. When you're running pm-suspend from your session, the correct display was set probably by LightDM or whatever your display manager is. When it gets run automatically on resume, I assume it's getting run as the root user and not attached to a display. So you need to set the display variable yourself, like so:

#!/bin/bash
case "$1" in
   suspend|hibernate)
      #do nothing
   ;;
   resume|thaw)
      export DISPLAY=:0
      sleep 5 && lxpanelctl restart & #Delayed so the battery icon can finish wrecking shop.
   ;;
   *)
      exit 1
   ;;
esac
exit 0

The only draw back is that this won't work if you display isn't actually :0 That's the default, but it could change particularly in a multi-user setting.


Mouse suddenly stops working in Ubuntu (running as guest in VirtualBox)

Update:
As suggested in other answers, as a quick fix first try just right-click with the mouse. If this does not help, try killing the VirtualBox drag&drop processes as described below or in other answers.
Full/Original Answer:
The problem might be caused by VirtualBox drag&drop (d&d) problems. If this is the case, it can be solved by killing the VirtualBox d&d processes.

Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+t does it for me) and find the d&d processes e.g. by: ps -ax | grep VBoxClient, resulting e.g. in (among other entries):
1429 ?        S      0:00 /usr/bin/VBoxClient --draganddrop

Then kill all processes which contain this text: VBoxClient --draganddrop e.g. for process number 1429 by: kill 1429

I got some hints for this solution on: https://www.virtualbox.org/ticket/14903
If this does not help, try turning off and on again "Mouse Integration" (via the menu of the VirtualBox).
Further, if the problem keeps recurring, consider disabling VirtualBox drag&drop altogether.


As you seem to be having problems that seem to be persistent even with the Linux drivers, There is only one thing left to do:

Install the xorg-edgers PPA and disable the NVidia GPU in your BIOS until you see an update for NVidia coming in.  Then re-enable it.

I'm sorry to be the harbinger of bad news...

*I reinstalled all xserver, xorg components and deleted then re-installed nvidia-common AFTER doing the above (as it did not work on its own and I do not know if it had made a difference)


Xubuntu 16.04 extended monitor with ATI / AMD radeon

I found the solution for the problem. Because of the Distribution-Upgrade fglrx was still installed. So in removed this packages and reinstalled the radeon driver and removed the xorg.conf files:

sudo apt-get remove fglrx* --purge
sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dri xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-core

Now it works...


Is there a way to permanently set the brightness level

You could try acpitool. It might not work on your laptop, but its worth a shot.

for minimum brightness:

acpitool -l 0

for maximum brightness:

acpitool -l 7

Now you just need to add that command to your startup script.

note: the above command must be run as root.


Locking is not possible in the directory "/opt/eclipse/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi"

Take ownership on the whole directory:
    sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /opt/eclipse/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi


How to overcome burn problems or buy installation disk?

Here you can buy CDs or DVDs of the distributions in bulk: http://shop.canonical.com/index.php?cPath=17

Or here: http://www.amazon.com/Ubuntu-4-discs-Installation-Reference-Ed-2013/dp/B0047B0U1C


Writing to serial usb to control an Ardunio from an Ubuntu computer

You can by using pySerial.

This will allow a console based python script (or a python GUI program even) to listen/talk to you Arduino.

That's the route I took to make my generic Arduino DIY CNC machine.
If your interested you can check it out at: http://emc2arduino.wordpress.com/


Does Ubuntu work on a Raspberry Pi Zero?

No.
The Raspberry Pi Zero runs the same architecture processor as the first RasPi, an ARMv6 arch ARM11. It's clocked faster than the original but it's not the ARM Cortex-A7 that the Raspberry Pi 2 has.
Ubuntu's ARM CPU support starts at the ARMv7 architecture.
You could recompile everything for ARMv6 but it literally would mean compiling and repackaging everything. It would be far more practical to just use Raspbian. This is a Debian redistribution that targets the original Raspberry Pi. Because it's Debian, it's technically very similar to Ubuntu.
Ubuntu's limited ARM support also means that Launchpad doesn't support ARMv6 so you won't be able to use Ubuntu PPAs either (unless they are naturally arch-independent, which some are).


Warning of "unresponsive script" in Firefox

In order to resolve this issue with Firefox type in its address bar about:support and hit Enter. In the top right corner of the opened page you will see the button which runs Firefox in safe mode with disabled add-ons. Press it. Firefox will restart in safe mode.

Now type in its address bar about:addons and hit Enter. You will see the full list of add-ons installed in your browser. Analyze all of them. You can check their details by pressing "More" link on each of them. There's the bothersome add-on among them, related to ds.serving-sys.com ad site. It may be called UNiDealsa. There may be other unwanted add-ons. Remember their names and restart Firefox - it will start in normal mode.

As soon as it started, go once again to about:addons page and disable the add-on(s) which you estimated as undesirable. Use your browser for some time. If script error has stopped and you haven't disabled some valuable add-on(s), then you can remove the disabled addon(s) forever.

It is also recommended to clean your profile from the leftovers of this bothersome add-on. This can be done on the same about:support page. There's "Refresh Firefox" button for that.
But remember, some of your settings will be reverted to the initial state, so check this article at Mozilla site to estimate are you ready to perform that.


How to run linux in efi mode after installing in legacy mode?

Switching Linux to boot in EFI mode is relatively easy; you just need to install the EFI-mode boot loader of your choice, although this will require that you create an EFI System Partition (ESP), and some EFIs also require you to convert the disk from MBR to GPT.

Switching Windows to boot in EFI mode is harder. The same steps are required, but Windows makes it a bit harder to perform those steps. If you're interested, I recommend you read this page, which describes the process in detail.

Overall, I'd say it's not worth the hassle unless you've got some compelling reason, such as if you're replacing a sub-2TiB disk with one that's larger than 2TiB (and that therefore requires GPT, and hence an EFI-mode boot of Windows).


What graphics card/drivers are you using?  You said after heavy use this began, that seems unrelated but not insignificant.  Try:

Cannot boot normally, without restarting lightdm (or gdm)

or

Ubuntu Opens in Black Screen Using Lightdm But Working When Using GDM


Losing SSH connection when exiting from the main console login

Is this normal behavior ? Is there a way to avoid this ?

It is normal behaviour for non-wired connections. Network Manager handles the connection of wireless (and wired to some extent) connections and that won't jump into action until a privileged logs in.
You can circumvent it slightly by enabling auto-login (through System -> Administration -> Login Screen Settings) but this would reduce security. You could hop around that problem by having the desktop lock itself by adding xdg-screensaver lock as a start-up application (System -> Preferences -> Start up applications).
As João suggests, you'll probably need to make the connection "Available to all users" so that it doesn't ask for a keyring password (which obviously wouldn't get entered if nobody was there).
That's probably only practical if it's a single-user machine and it might not be as secure as not logging in at all.

Another method would be to take away the connection from Network Manager and have the underlying networking layer do the connection. You could try something like this in your /etc/network/interfaces file:
auto wifi0
iface wifi0 inet dhcp
    wireless-essid YOUR-AP-ESSID
    wireless-ap 00:11:22:33:44:55
    wireless-key YOUR-AP-KEY

Obviously replace wifi0 with the wireless interface, YOUR-AP-ESSID with the wireless access-point's ESSID, 00:11:22:33:44:55 with the MAC address of the AP and YOUR-AP-KEY with the proper key.
This has the side effect that anybody on the system can just cat /etc/network/interfaces and find your AP key. That might be bad... It depends on how secret it needs to remain. But only logged in people could see it.
This might not work and it might even make Network Manager explode. I can't say.

In the same vein as above, here is a blog post about using wpa_supplicant and /etc/network/interfaces: http://blog.nelhage.com/2008/08/using-wpa_supplicant-on-debianubuntu/
It's quite a old post but it might be slightly more secure than straight-up embedding your connection information into /etc/network/interfaces.

If we're just talking about a wired connection...
I notice that on newer installs of Ubuntu, the auto-connect state has been removed from /etc/network/interfaces for desktops. I guess Network Manager is doing that now. To add it back in, edit the interfaces file to add this:
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

And for a static (non-DHCP) connection here's an example from one of my servers:
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
        address 95.172.14.178
        netmask 255.255.255.248
        network 95.172.14.176
        broadcast 95.172.14.183
        gateway 95.172.14.177
        # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
        dns-nameservers 78.40.32.140
    post-up ethtool -K eth0 tx off

Some of those can be ignored or left to auto.


Install "gnome-alsamixer”(without quotes) from Synaptic Package Manager.
Then run gnome-alsamixer in terminal.
A graphical interface will open up. Check the box that reads 'Stereo Mix' (at the bottom). Now the sound will be enabled on both the speaker and the headphones. Finally, mute the speaker.


The short answer is: get an Nvidia card.

The long answer: as the proprietary drivers as made available by AMD do often vary in quality with every GPU they make, one can't really rely on them. Ubuntu ships with opensource drivers that are developed as a component of the Linux kernel. Unfortunately, they have not reached a state that is anywhere near finished, nor can you expect them to perform like the AMD drivers.

I find your CPU to be slightly underpowered as well, especially when you're looking into virtualization.

Those hours your computer spent downloading language packs may indicate a slow internet connection.

Consider switching to a desktop environment that is less graphically demanding. First try, select "Ubuntu 2d" from the menu that hides behind the Ubuntu logo button.


Ubuntu 16.04 Changes Installed Emacs Version

Put the emacs package on hold.
If you use APT:

Hold a package:

sudo apt-mark hold <package-name>

Remove the hold:

sudo apt-mark unhold <package-name>


Can't send email with Thunderbird and Gmail

You must put in coniguration SMTP

server SMTP Gmail: smtp.gmail.com
User SMTP Gmail: your adress Gmail
Password SMTP Gmail: Your password
Port SMTP Gmail: 465 (encryption "SSL")
(SMTP) requiert une authentifications


Cannot install pyaudio 0.2.9 in ubuntu 16.04. How can I install it?

I believe pip tries to avoid changing certain directory permissions to root hence the warning. Use the command below instead so the /home is always set to yours:

sudo -H pip3 install pyaudio==0.2.9 --upgrade


shell script to comment out or uncomment a line - testing

I suggest you test without sed's -i flag first - or use a local copy of the rc.local file.

You don't need to test for the string's presence, but if you do, then the correct way to substitute grep's output would be "$(grep tvservice /etc/rc.local)" - the way you have written it tests the literal string $grep tvservice /etc/rc.local

However, a better way IMHO would be to grep for the whole pattern and use grep's exit status directly, avoiding the shell regex test altogether:

if grep -q '^#.*tvservice' /etc/rc.local; then
  sed -i '/^#.*tvservice/ s/^#//' /etc/rc.local
else
  echo 1
fi

(I removed the spaces around the pattern, since your sample text doesn't have them).


Always Restart when Clicking Shut Down Button

There was a similar issue in 12.04, and luckily it is already answered here in askubuntu here:

Windows 8 deletes GRUB when booting

Basically you have to change some parameters on the grub entry of ubuntu.


If you have problems with

  unmet dependencies: skype-bin

try this from terminal

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install skype-bin skype

before execute above commands be sure that canonical-partners repository is enabled.

Check it from

Update Manager > Settings > Other Software


Cannot use Ubuntu using Intel HD drivers

ok, basically I managed to disable effectively the nVidia card.

basically, I have blacklisted the nvidia modules, here's how I did it:

open the terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install bbswitch-dkms

then

sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

inside the file, type:

# Blacklist the alternative nvidia module
blacklist nouveau
# Blacklist the original nvidia module
blacklist nvidia

press ctrl and x to close, press 'y' to save the changes.

Now,

sudo nano /etc/modules

add this line:

bbswitch load_state=0

ctrl x to save, 'y' to confirm.

then update the ramdisk

 sudo update-initramfs -u

finally, reboot. It should boot up just fine.


Lubuntu 12.04 is not an LTS, so all related packages are not LTS either, insculding LXDE. Needless to say, if you install just LXDE, it won't be Lubuntu, but rather, ...just LXDE.

You might be interested in Xubuntu though, which, in 12.04, is supported for 3 years (till April 2015), along with XFCE and related packages.


I have found 2 things about this line:

  /bin/df: no file systems processed

You can either be out of space:

http://it.i88.ca/2012/12/df-shows-no-file-systems-processed.html

or, in case you are using OpenVZ:

https://www.interserver.net/tips/kb/df-shows-no-file-systems-processed/

Now, once you have corrected that issue attempt to reinstall the package again.


How to solve my problems with booting ubuntu from external usb drive?

at the very end of the file you uploaded it says:

Boot successfully repaired.
You can now reboot your computer.
Please do not forget to make your BIOS boot on the removable disk!
A broken Wubi has been detected. Please fix it this way:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/WubiGuide#Cannot_boot_into_Ubuntu

First uninstall/remove Wubi. Then change BIOS settings to boot from your external Hard drive. By default your PC doesn't look for an OS on external disks.


Package dependencies cannot be resolved.. Pleaseee help

I know a couple things you can try. I'm not sure if you're new to Linux, but I'll write this so that even if you're completely new you should be comfortable with it.

Open up the Terminal with ctrl+alt+t.
(If the terminal is intimidating, don't worry--you'll just be copying and pasting :)

Then run these commands. (If you want to copy and paste them, you need to press ctrl+SHIFT+v, not ctrl+v like usual. This is just how Terminal works in Linux/Ubuntu.)

sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade -yr
sudo apt-get install gdebi

Do these commands work?


After do-release-upgrade to 13.04 from 12.10 I still get informed about 13.04 on log-in via MOTD

I just "touch" the file /var/lib/ubuntu-release-upgrader/release-upgrade-available

But don't know why this file will not refresh automatically.


Issues booting the installer - AMD based system

In case somebody struggels as I did - after hours and hours of research I eventually found the solution. Apparently the drivers were all ok. In my case I had just simply to deactive the C1 support within the BIOS options. I'm not fully aware of the consequenses yet, but the result looks promising. Thanks Lew Rockwell Fan for your support!

Update:

I was able to trackdown the issue - basically the C1E specific interrupt does not work properly. You can still have the C1E function enabled in your BIOS in order to keep your system running efficiently. The workaround would be to set the nolapic_timer for x86 or the noapictimer flag for x64 based systems during boot.


Ubuntu 16.04 cannot uninstall 3rd party via GNOME-Softare

Well that was easy.... Solved via reboot.  What is this, Windows? :)


Add nautilus scripts to the context menu/actions

I figured out the answer, in short, you need to use the parameters to give your variables. The parameter %b hands in the file name as a command line argument which can be accessed via the "$1" for the first argument. in the case of %B it will give you all the files as separate arguments, so you will need "$1" "$2" etc...

You can also use $PWD to get the current working directory. HOWEVER, there are some important things to note about this, as the current working directory is not always what you might think it is. When you have selected a file in the folder say, /home/admin/myStuff/test.txt the script's working directory will be /home/admin/myStuff. You can therefore use "$PWD/$1" to get current working directory + / + the selected file. Code is as follows

#!/bin/bash
#Author: Thomas Migus, created on March 20th 2018
#this is a script that runs the client that will send the file.
FILE="$PWD/$1"
IP=$(zenity --entry --text "What is the IP you want?" --entry-text "127.0.0.1")
PORT=$(zenity --entry --text "What is the IP you want?" --entry-text "3000")
/home/admin/fileSending/clientSend $IP $PORT $FILE
zenity --info --text "File sent"

When you have not selected a folder, the working director changes. Lets say you right click on empty space inside /home/admin/myStuff the working directory will be /home/admin NOT /home/admin/myStuff

In order to select the working directory, you can use %b to get what directory you're actually in. The code is as follows:

#!/bin/bash
#Author: Thomas Migus, created on March 20th 2018
# This is a script which runs the server
OUTPUT="$PWD/$1/"
PORT=$(zenity --entry --text "What is the port number?" --entry-text "3000")
/home/admin/fileSending/serverRecieve $PORT $OUTPUT
zenity --info --text "File recieved"

you can test it yourself with this small script

#!/bin/bash
zenity --info --text "$1"
zenity --info --text "$PWD"


Files from separate partition not accessible by Okular and GIMP (Ubuntu 18.04)

Removing the snap and reverting to the regular APT version, if available, indeed works around the permission limits of a Snap.

In case you do not have that alternative or prefer the snap version, you may want to check the permissions in Software. Opening the permission "Read/write files on removable storage" will grant the snap application access to media mounted under /media or /mnt. The snap package has to provide that interface for this to work. See this Ask Ubuntu question and the snap documentation.


The -o option of gdebi is not meant to pass command-line options to apt-get, but configuration options. Thus, to install recommended packages, you should use:

gdebi -o "APT::Install-Recommends=1" ...

Since,

man apt-get says:

--no-install-recommends
   Do not consider recommended packages as a dependency for
   installing. Configuration Item: APT::Install-Recommends.

From How to not install recommended and suggested packages?,

  The correct syntax in recent versions appears to be:

APT::Install-Suggests "0";
APT::Install-Recommends "0";

And comment #7 on this Launchpad question says:

  For anyone googling, I can't give the correct format for APT::Get options, however the following worked for me for APT::Install- options.

gdebi -o APT::Install-Recommends=0 -o APT::Install-Suggests=0 .....


Black screen after grub or at reboot with LUKS encryption

you can change your /etc/default/grub settings to include modeset.
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset"

then update grub

sudo update-grub

https://wiki.debian.org/KernelModesetting
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1631395


Why is gedit so laggy when editing through FTP?

If it helps I use GoDaddy Hosting and work with some people in a serverloft dedicated server. In both I get good connections and bad connections depending the time of day or if I am sharing the connection with someone. If My ISP lines are saturated or if somebody else is sharing the same connection as me can lag when trying not only to find the file in the ftp site but also opening and editing it. Even saving it takes a lot when on peek hours.

I am using the default way of accessing the ftp site which is the nautilus "Connect to server" option. After that I double click a PHP or JS file to open it with gedit and start working on it.

If nobody else is sharing I tend to have good timing. Even better in night when there is less ISP users and my connections makes the ftp feel like is right beside me.

But anyhow, there are variables between connection sharing, isp speed and all the hops between there to media temple. I also gotta say that even though media temple has pretty good reviews and very nice service I did not find them better than lets say godaddy when it came to how good the connection is made. Used them for 2 years before going to godaddy and have not found a difference regarding speed. At least in my region.

To add to this, I used filezilla just to test out if the ftp had the same "feeling" as connecting via nautilus. It was the same. Also tried cute ftp from windows. All of which had the same speed. I even opened my FTP site from another friends place. Same thing.

If I had to recommend something, I would say to update your Ubuntu with the latest updates just in case. Maybe even ping your site and if you can ping another site to see any difference. If a big ping difference is found, you might try to use the other sites ftp just to test out the theory behind this. Basically a Trial and Error kind of thing.


So I ended up solving these problems myself, and if it will help others, I'm posting my steps here. I got this working perfectly, but it needed some tweaks for my setup which I'm going to share here in case it helps someone else. The nominal question I asked above was how I could get the LXC containers to come up on the MAAS LAN DHCP (10.207.39.0/24) network instead of the ROUTER WAN DHCP (192.168.1.0/24) network.

After much trial and error, it became clear that apparently I could not find the way to do this, and replies were not found, so I moved on to how to get my OpenStack working letting the LXC containers come up on their preferred WAN network.

In this scenario, the problem I ran into for quite some time was that the Juju Charms deployed to LXC containers were perpetually in "Pending" state in the Juju GUI and of course same status in "juju status". I hope I've captured all the steps that were required to completely fix this pending status problem. I'll update here if I missed anything, and I hope this helps others.

The basic strategy is to make these edits to several files in the /var/lib/lxc/juju-trusty-lxc-template/rootfs fileystem BEFORE you begin deploying LXC containers. These edits will work globally across all subsequently deployed containers. Just substitute your interface names and your LAN network in what follows, and it should work.

My maas server setup is:

Dell PowerEdge 2850, BIOS at latest A07 rev, and Dell BMC Firmware, v.1.83, A10 (these BIOS and Firmware upgrades are required)
15.10 ubuntu server edition on the maas server; all enlisted bare-metal nodes use the 14.04 trusty image from maas.
2 x 1Gb network ports
enp6s7 192.168.1.37 static IP
enp7s8 10.207.39.100 static IP

My maas enlistment bare-metals are also Dell PowerEdge 2850's. The Dell BMC IPMI is set to DHCP, and gets addresses on the 192.168.1.0/24 network, and the bare-metal maas enlisted nodes come up on the 10.207.39.0/24 network.

Tweak 1: Since I'm using two networks, I needed routing for the 10.207.39.0/24 network via the WAN on 192.168.1.0/24 in order to be able to download from the outside world to the maas-enlisted bare-metal LXC host(s) via "the internet". This was accomplished as follows by adding these rules to the maas server:

sudo iptables -A FORWARD -s 10.207.39.0/24 -o enp6s7 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -d 10.207.39.0/24 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -i enp6s7 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.207.39.0/24 -o enp6s7 -j MASQUERADE
sudo iptables-save | sudo tee /etc/iptables.sav

Once the above rules are set, it should be possible to "nslookup google.com" and "ping -c 3 google.com" from the maas-enlisted bare-metal LXC host(s) that are on the 10.207.39.0/24 network.

Note 1: Here, enp6s7 is the "internet-connected" interface on the maas server on the 192.168.1.0/24 network (i.e. that goes to the router provided by my broadband internet service provider), and 10.207.39.0/24 is the private LAN network on the enp7s8 interface which is the network that maas and its' maas-enlisted bare-metal servers use.

Note 2: The rules are made permanent on the maas server across reboots by the following line added before the "exit 0" line in /etc/rc.local as shown below:

sudo iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.sav
exit 0

Note 3: Check that the rules were applied after reboot of the maas server as follows:
gstanden@ubuntu:~$ sudo iptables -S

-P INPUT ACCEPT
-P FORWARD ACCEPT
-P OUTPUT ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -s 10.207.39.0/24 -o enp6s7 -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -d 10.207.39.0/24 -i enp6s7 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

gstanden@ubuntu:~$

Tweak 2: Enable DNS lookups on the MAAS server. Use /etc/network/interfaces (because I tried doing this with /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf and that would not work) but it works using /etc/network/interfaces.  Add the "dns-nameservers" and the "dns-search" entries as shown below.  Note, I found that they should be added to the enp6s7 specification; adding to the enp7s8 specification did not work for me.

gstanden@ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/network/interfaces
(comment) This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
(comment) and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

(comment) The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

(comment) The primary network interface
auto enp6s7
iface enp6s7 inet static
    address 192.168.1.37
    network 192.168.1.0
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    gateway 192.168.1.1
    broadcast 192.168.1.255
    dns-search maas <-- add this entry
    dns-nameservers 10.207.39.100  <-- add this entry

(comment) The MAAS network interface
auto enp7s8
iface enp7s8 inet static
    address 10.207.39.100
    network 10.207.39.0
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    gateway 10.207.39.100
    broadcast 10.207.39.255

gstanden@ubuntu:~$

There is one other tweak needed on the maas server: Edit /etc/sysctl.conf on the maas controller server (not the lxc bare-metal host) such that the following command gives result as shown:

gstanden@ubuntu:~$ sudo sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
gstanden@ubuntu:~$

Note 1: This will allow nslookups and pings of enlisted bare-metal servers on the maas node in the 10.207.39.0/24 network that belong to this maas to work.

Tweak 3: Several tweaks are needed to establish robust networking services inside the LXC containers themselves. These tweaks to the lxc template will fix problems with downloading the juju tools from the bare-metal lxc host, and will fix problems resolving the WAN (192.168.1.0/24 addresses, and will fix problems resolving addresses on the 10.207.39.0/24 network).

Note 1: The problem that was encountered is/was that no matter how the /var/lib/lxc/machine/config file is tweaked, containers ALWAYS get an address on the 192.168.1.0/24 network, even though they are using the juju-br0 bridge which has a 10.207.39.0/24 address! (fun, huh?); but in this two-network LAN/WAN setup, what is needed is ultimately networking to both networks so in this scenario routing is used.

Tweak 3a: ssh ubuntu@portly-legs (portly-legs is the enlistment name that maas gave to my maas bare-metal lxc host)

sudo su -

cd /var/lib/lxc/juju-trusty-lxc-template/rootfs/etc/network/interfaces.d/

vi eth0.cfg and add the following lines to the eth0.cfg file (add the "up ip route..." and "dns-search maas" lines).

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
up ip route add 10.207.39.0/24 via 192.168.1.37
dns-search maas

The ip route line will establish ssh / ping / scp connectivity etc. from the lxc containers on 192.168.1.0/24 (eth0 in the LXC container) to the maas-enlisted bare-metal lxc-host on the 10.207.39.0/24 network. The "dns-search maas" line is part of how maas DNS lookups are made available inside the LXC containers so that full DNS resolution including the maas network will work. This is especially needed when the lxc containers on the maas-enlisted bare-metal lxc host go to get juju tools - they lxc containers will try to pull this from the bare-metal lxc host (in this example it happens to be 10.207.39.152 which is portly-legs.maas) and without this routing, the tools pull from the lxc host at .152 will fail. You can what this succeed/fail by logging into the lxc container and doing "tail -f /var/log/cloud-init.log" and you will see the tools pull either failing or succeeding.

Tweak 3b: Edit the /var/lib/lxc/juju-trusty-lxc-template/rootfs/etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf file and add this line (you can uncomment the example line and modify it):

prepend domain-name-servers 10.207.39.100;

Note 1: This could probably alternatively be done in /var/lib/lxc/juju-trusty-lxc-template/rootfs/etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0.cfg using a "dns-nameservers 10.207.39.100" entry, but I've used dhclient.conf in this case.

I think this is all the tweaks. Once all these tweaks have been made, one can start deploying openstack components to LXC containers in this dual-network setup and they come out of pending state and into ready state as fast as flapjacks off the griddle! Please let me know if I missed any steps, and I will try to double-check these also. But I think that's it.

Once all of these steps are done, try deploying an openstack component to LXC and monitor the progress:

(from terminal on the maas server as the user who owns the maas deployment): ssh ubuntu@(ip address of a container)

on the container: sudo su -
on the container: tail -f /var/log/cloud-init.log
and/or
tail -f /var/log/cloud-init-output.log

If you see message like this, you are probably all good:

Attempt 1 to download tools from -ttps://10.207.39.152:17070/tools/1.25.3-trusty-amd64...
+ curl -sSfw tools from %{url_effective} downloaded: HTTP %{http_code}; time %{time_total}s; size %{size_download} bytes; speed %{speed_download} bytes/s --noproxy * --insecure -o /var/lib/juju/tools/1.25.3-trusty-amd64/tools.tar.gz -ttps://10.207.39.152:17070/tools/1.25.3-trusty-amd64
tools from -ttps://10.207.39.152:17070/tools/1.25.3-trusty-amd64 downloaded: HTTP 200; time 1.698s; size 18722171 bytes; speed 11026214.000 bytes/s + echo Tools downloaded successfully.
Tools downloaded successfully.

When there are issues with networking in the LXC containers, this will fail on multiple attempts. The above tweaks should completely fix those issues, and will also provide inside the LXC container full DNS lookups for bare-metal maas enlisted servers on the maas network (the LXC hosts and single product hosts such as nova-compute). Containers should go to fully deployed ready status in less than 5 minutes each. I deploy them one-at-at-time and I wait for each one to reach ready status. YMMV, HTH, Gilbert Standen, St. Louis, MO Feb. 11, 2016, 1:25 PM CT


How make all programs close to the notification-area like rhythmbox does?

ALLTRAY
AllTray is a program written for Unix-like systems to enable a user to dock any program (such as Evolution, Thunderbird, or a terminal program) into the system tray. This is mostly useful when one wants to have a program always running, but easy to put out of the way.
with AllTray, you can minimize any app to the system tray.


The easiest way to remove packages that no longer have packages dependent upon it is:

sudo apt-get autoremove

This removes packages that are installed as dependencies, but aren't needed any more.

More information and more answers can be found on this post:

http://www.askubuntu.com/questions/443/how-to-remove-an-uninstalled-packages-dependencies

Hope this helps!


Ubuntu 16.04 LTS black screen after login

I had the exact same problem. I found the solution here:

sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade -y

Finally run sudo reboot, Ubuntu restarts, and then you can log in again normally.


The search for a solution to the problem led nowhere.
For myself as a solution to this problem, I chose another terminal emulator: Tilix
To install Tilix:

add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/terminix
apt-get install tilix

To work with hotkey term in unity, you need to run command:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec 'tilix'


This is what I used:

Convert MKV to MP4:

avconv -i input.mkv -codec copy output.mp4

Thanks for your help, everyone.


How to winstall Nvidia drivers to use CUDA without also installing X11?

This worked for me (on Ubuntu 16.04):

# apt-get -y install nvidia-cuda-toolkit lightdm-

lightdm is the windows manager that nvidia-* installs. The dash at the end tells apt-get to uninstall the package but dependency resolution figures out not to install it in the first place. This still installed xserver-common (so you still get some X11 stuff) but it did not enable graphical booting. (Adding xserver-common- resulted in broken dependencies.)

PS. You're probably past this problem but this answer is for future internet generations.


Yes, you can but you need to have two different IP schemes like 192.168.0.xxx and 192.168.1.xxx.  Once you do that, you need to have both connections bridged.


How to configure ufw to allow xsane to reach scanner?

I would use sudo netstat -lntp | grep saned to check.

But sane has a pre-defined application profile: sudo ufw allow saned  should be all you need.

(xsane is the gui for sane)


Insane CPU loads when watching web videos

I got it figured out. It was a thermal throttling problem caused by thermald and this this bug to be exact. So shutting down the thermald service did the trick for me. I still got CPU load greater than 100% but video playback is now smooth.


Install another driver by the vendor. Run

sudo apt install r8168-dkms

and reboot.


printer canon ip7250 drivers/pint problems

Package libtiff4 is not installed.

You need libtiff4 ..... so go here https://packages.debian.org/wheezy/libtiff4 to the debian repository and scroll down the page to the list and you likely will need the amd64 version for a 64bit ubuntu; install that and re-run the ./install.sh script and all should be well


Segmentation fault when attempting to install drive using Go

I tried this on a fully updated 14.04 system and it works for me.

A few things would be useful to try:

Fully update your system and try again.
Use gdb to get a backtrace from the core file.

To get a backtrace the following wiki may help:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DebuggingProgramCrash

After this the next steps are to collect information and file a bug:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ReportingBugs


WPS Office - Change Spreadsheets Default Fill Background Color

As an addendum to Roel Brook's answer, I found that you can actually change this setting in the binary file. To do this open terminal and enter

sudo $EDITOR `where et`

Then look for:

${gInstallPath}/office6/${gApp} -style gtk+ ${gOptExt} ${gOpt} "$@"

and change it to:

${gInstallPath}/office6/${gApp} -style motif ${gOptExt} ${gOpt} "$@"

Then save and close. Now the changes will be persistent.


You have a typo in your install command, it is nginx, you typed ngxin


How to manage a lot of SSH connection information of EC2 instances from ubuntu using different .pem files

You can try with shortcuts by specify the hostname, username, port, and the private key. Please refer the official docs.

Host MyInstance1
Host example.com or ipaddress
User ubuntu
IdentityFile /path/to/privatekey/MyInstance1.pem

Permission:

chmod 600 ~/.ssh/config

Then Try to access by

ssh  MyInstance1

You can also try with aliases :

File:

vi vim ~/.bash_aliases

Then

alias MyInstance1='ssh ubuntu@ec2.amazon.com -i /path/to/private-key/MyInstance1.pem'


How to Install Ubuntu Only

Back up everything you want to keep from Windows and Ubuntu on an external drive.
Insert the Ubuntu Live CD into your computer.
Boot your computer from the Ubuntu Live CD. You may need to look up details on how to change your computer's boot order; this will depend on the exact model of computer you have. Ensure that it's set to boot from CD first.
Follow the steps of the Ubuntu installation process. The Live CD should make this easy.
Copy everything you want to use from your external drive back onto your Ubuntu installation.

I recommend that you keep both systems available instead of removing Windows altogether. If you want to do that instead, here are the steps involved:

How to Install Ubuntu And Keep Windows out of the Way

Back up everything you want to keep from Windows and Ubuntu on an external drive.
Shrink your Windows partition using the Disk Management utility in the Control Panel. Just right click on your drive and find "Shrink Volume...".
Insert the Ubuntu Live CD into your computer.
Boot your computer from the Ubuntu Live CD. You may need to look up details on how to change your computer's boot order; this will depend on the exact model of computer you have. Ensure that it's set to boot from CD first.
Follow the steps of the Ubuntu installation process, except tell Ubuntu to use the unallocated partition rather than the whole disk.
Copy everything you want to use from your external drive back onto your Ubuntu installation.
Edit the file /etc/default/grub as the root user, and change #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 to GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0. (see How to make grub stop appearing every time I boot?)
Change the GRUB boot order, setting Ubuntu as the first option; see How do I change the GRUB boot order? but remember you want Ubuntu first, not Windows like the asker requested.
Open a terminal and run the command sudo update-grub.

Additional Notes

I previously had difficulty installing Ubuntu in the above manner on drives set up with RAID 0. It may be possible to do so, but I had to remove Windows and disable RAID. If you have similar trouble, look at the following links for assistance.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FakeRaidHowto
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/SoftwareRAID
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Raid


No there is no Ubuntu-provided service for this.  Dropbox and others still exist however, but they are not run by Canonical or Ubuntu.


Blutooth Discovery Protocol is not Working at all . cant find my device using bluetooth , ubuntu 15.04 lenovo z 50-70

You can install bluetooth drivers this way.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtlwifi-new-dkms rtl8723au-bt-dkms linux-firmware

Bluetooth should work after reboot.


how to make my document file available to another user?

User1's Public directory is not User2's Public directory. User1's Public directory is /home/user1/Public. User2's Public directory is /home/user2/Public. For User2 to access those files, that user is going to have to specify /home/user1/Public as the directory to look at. In addition, the permissions of Uer1's Public directory should allow it. To verify, as User2, type in a terminal window:

$ls /home/user1/Public

If you can see the files there, the permissions are set correctly.


Using .add() on the same widget more than once

Gtk has different types of containers. Right now, you are working with a GtkBin container, which is a type of container that only supports a single child. You need a container that supports more than one child. To do that, just create a container of your choice and add it to the viewport (like an ordinary widget). There are a few choices here, and they are all listed in the Gtk documentation on containers.

One way to do this is with a GtkBox:

self.ui.labels = []
for titles in entries:
    label = Gtk.Label()
    self.ui.labels.append(label)
    self.ui.viewport1.add(self.ui.labels[-1])
self.ui.paned1.show_all()

# First, we need to create a box to hold all our widgets
box = Gtk.Box()
box.set_orientation(Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL)

# Now add our widgets to the box, one by one, from the bottom
box.add(Gtk.Label())
box.add(Gtk.Button())
box.add(Gtk.Entry())

# We need to add the box to the viewport
self.ui.viewport.add(box)

box.show_all()

Once you get the hang of it, you might want to play with some other functionality. Instead of blindly adding widgets to the box, the pack_start and pack_end functions for GtkBox give you control for each widget you add. You can set whether a child is given all the available space, and how much space to put around it. For some cases you might be interested in GtkGrid, which is a more powerful container that supports multiple rows and columns.


What is PAM and why does AWS enable it by default?

Pam is the Pluggable Authentication Modules.
It is a backend for authentication, that handles authentication for applications on a system. As the name says, it's pluggable. You can have multiple plugs providing authentication from different sources. A common source is /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow in combination. Others can be LDAP, Kerberos, NIS, or fingerprint readers.
In short, it provides a consistent interface for applications, such as login and ssh, to authenticate against.
It consists of four parts:

Accounts - keeping track of usernames.
Authentication - checking passwords (or fingerprints.. or ...)
Session management - actions to be performed on starting and ending an session, like accounting.
Passord updating - updating passwords, and also enforcing password standards.

If we have a look at man sshd_config we can read the following:

UsePAM
Enables the Pluggable Authentication Module interface.  If set to “yes” this will enable PAM authentication using ChallengeResponseAuthentication and PasswordAuthentication in addition to PAM account and session module processing for all authentication types.
Because PAM challenge-response authentication usually serves an equivalent role to password authentication, you should disable either PasswordAuthentication or ChallengeResponseAuthentication.
If UsePAM is enabled, you will not be able to run sshd(8) as a non-root user.  The default is “no”.

You can set it to no if you do not want to use PAM. On a single standing instance there's no big reason to use PAM - you typically only have one authentication source anyway (/etc/passwd / /etc/shadow). On the other hand, there's no big reasons to change either in this environment.
What you see in your log is part of the session modules: it logs users authenticated - in this case because a script was run as this user. This is normal, and not something to worry about, or even care about.
Edit: as the user was brutally aware of - do not set it to no unless you either have public key authentication working, or enable other password authentication schemes. With ssh, it's also possible to change config, restart ssh, and try to login before logging out from current shell. This way you can revert if you're locket out.


This page example how to use minicom

Install minicom

sudo apt-get install minicom

Display Detected System’s Serial Support

dmesg | grep tty

Output will be something like:
[   37.531286] serial8250: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A
[   37.531841] 00:0b: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A
[   37.532138] 0000:04:00.3: ttyS1 at I/O 0x1020 (irq = 18) is a 16550A

setserial command

setserial is a program designed to set and/or report the configuration information associated with a serial port. This information includes what I/O port and IRQ a particular serial port is using, and whether or not the break key should be interpreted as the Secure Attention Key, and so on. Just type the following command:

setserial -g /dev/ttyS[0123]

Output:

/dev/ttyS0, UART: 16550A, Port: 0x03f8, IRQ: 4
/dev/ttyS1, UART: 16550A, Port: 0x1020, IRQ: 18
/dev/ttyS2, UART: unknown, Port: 0x03e8, IRQ: 4
/dev/ttyS3, UART: unknown, Port: 0x02e8, IRQ: 3

setserial with -g option help to find out what physical serial ports your Linux box has.

Setup minicom

The -s option use to setup minicom. Type the following command at shell prompt:

minicom -s

Start minicom

minicom

Configure serial port

You need to configure serial port. Use up and down arrows to select menus. Press down and select Serial port setup:

minicom in action

You need to connect your serial device usingcable. Once connected power on device and type minicom command without -s option:

minicom -c on


How can I save the view to sort by CPU usage?

Run htop, press F6, select CPU%.

Quit by using F10

If it doesn't remember your settings check your ~/.config/htop/htoprc file if it is writable by your user. You might make it writable like this:

chown $USER ~/.config/htop/htoprc

Or you can try removing it and let htop generate a new one, maybe the old one is corrupted somehow.

rm ~/.config/htop/htoprc


If you are using Ubuntu or any gtk / ubuntu based distro, press ALT+F2 and then enter this command:

gksudo gparted

If you are using Kubuntu (KDE) live CD, press ALT + F2 and enter this command:

kdesu gparted


How do I prevent screen wakeup while using a remote access tool?

To me, the best solution is to run xrandr --output ${display_name} --brightness 0.
It will blank corresponding display.
Do it for all connected displays.

To get display back, use --brightness 1.


wget converting or altering .jar file on the fly?

You can use the hard link that you can see in the wget output... although you can download it (other version maybe) from the downloads page. Why don't you?

wget http://release.lucee.org/rest/update/provider/loader/5.3.1.102
--2020-04-23 22:33:36--  http://release.lucee.org/rest/update/provider/loader/5.3.1.102
Resolving release.lucee.org (release.lucee.org)... 205.210.189.210
Connecting to release.lucee.org (release.lucee.org)|205.210.189.210|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://cdn.lucee.org/lucee-5.3.1.102.jar [following]

Then:

wget https://cdn.lucee.org/lucee-5.3.1.102.jar


Compose key

Compose,o,c will produce ©.

You can view the combinations in your locale's Compose file, e.g.

/usr/share/X11/locale/en_US.UTF-8/Compose

For those without a compose key configured (it isn't by default). Go here for latest versions.
On Ubuntu 12.04 the setting is hidden away at System > Preferences > Keyboard > Layout > Options... > Compose Key Position. I prefer to use the "menu" key as compose, but it's a matter of preference.

AltGr (Third-level modifier)

On a UK English layout, AltGr+Shift+c also produces ©.

The standard USA layout doesn't include many characters at the third level as US keyboards have a second Alt rather than AltGr.

The layouts "USA International (AltGr dead keys)" and "USA International" have © at AltGr+c. "USA International (AltGr dead keys)" would be better for most as the other turns the apostrophe into a dead key for the acute accent.

The Ubuntu documentation has a comprehensive list of Compose key sequences plus further info on Compose and AltGr.


18.10 - Laptop Touchpad - Two Finger Click and Drag Stops Working After Update

Try this
Open the terminal and run this command you will be prompted to the text editor.
sudo -H gedit /etc/default/grub
Here you have to replace
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quit splash"

with
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quit splash i8042.nopnp"

And reboot your system it will probably start working.
Hope it Helps.


Grub can't find RAID partition in fresh install of 11.04

After baning my head against this server for a few days, it turns out the magical incantation was simply to add "rootdelay=90" to the kernel command in the Grub menu.  It simply wasn't waiting long enough for the RAID controller to initialize.


What do the different thermal zones actually correspond to?

The exact definition of what a given thermal zone represents is defined by the driver for the given zone.  Different processors and motherboards make different thermometers available to linux, and so every one has it's own name.  Each of the different zones is a different thermometer on the system: the "acpitz" one is the one made available through ACPI, and the x86_pkg_temp is the temperature exported by the core x86 spec.  The ACPI one is a motherboard sensor that is near the CPU socket, and the x86_pkg_temp is within the CPU itself
Based on a git grep through the kernel source tree, the 2nd one (pch_cannonlake) specifies the thermomemter output of an intel-specific thermocouple, used for thermal throttling.  However, determining it's exact location (as with the others) is at best an educated guess: it will vary by chipset and manufacturer, so you would need to consult the detailed specification and layout of your chip.


Destroyed fstab file by mistake! Need to restore it

By default Ubuntu uses uuid in your fstab when you install.

To show a created partitions, in a terminal, as user, type the following command:

 ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid

It will output like this:

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2007-05-27 23:42 348ea9e6-7879-4332-8d7a-915507574a80 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2007-05-27 23:42 610aaaeb-a65e-4269-9714-b26a1388a106 -> ../../sda2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2007-05-27 23:42 857c5e63-c9be-4080-b4c2-72d606435051 -> ../../sda5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2007-05-27 23:42 a83b8ede-a9df-4df6-bfc7-02b8b7a5f1f2 -> ../../sda6
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2007-05-27 23:42 ad662d33-6934-459c-a128-bdf0393e0f44 -> ../../sda7

The next step is to enter the UUID partition to /etc/fstab.

During the boot process, file systems listed in /etc/fstab are automatically mounted except for the entries containing noauto.
This file contains entries in the following format:

device       /mount-point fstype     options      dumpfreq     passno

device

An existing device name, by default Ubuntu uses uuid

mount-point

An existing directory on which to mount the file system.

fstype

The file system type to pass to mount. The default Ubuntu file system is ext4.

options

Either rw for read-write file systems, or ro for read-only file systems, followed by any other options that may be needed. A common option is noauto for file systems not normally mounted during the boot sequence.

dumpfreq

Used by dump to determine which file systems require dumping. If the field is missing, a value of zero is assumed.

passno

Determines the order in which file systems should be checked. File systems that should be skipped should have their passno set to zero. The root file system needs to be checked before everything else and should have its passno set to one. The other file systems should be set to values greater than one. If more than one file system has the same passno, fsck will attempt to check file systems in parallel if possible.

To add it to your fstab file use a text editor with root privileges:

sudo -i
nano /etc/fstab

Example:

# <device file system>                         <mount point>    <type>  <options>       <dump> <pass>
UUID=ad662d33-6934-459c-a128-bdf0393e0f44            /             ext4      defaults              1      1

UUID=30ebb8eb-8f22-460c-b8dd-59140274829d            /home         ext4      defaults              1      1

UUID=7014f66f-6cdf-4fe1-83da-9cab7b6fab1a            swap          swap      defaults              0      0

Control + O, save file

Control +X, close nano

Upon a reboot of the computer the filesystems will be mounted automatically.

It is not necessary to list /proc and /sys in the fstab unless some special options are needed. The boot system will always mount them.


How to find applications running in Ubuntu desktop, usage and idle time through scripts

you can use htop which monitors tasks in your system.
This command is usefull to monitor your system tasks.
For installing you can use; sudo apt install htop and Boom!!!
htop is in your computer. And now you can monitor tasks properly and kill those unwnated tasks in your system.
Here's a image of htop:-HTOP


How do I automatically reinstall GNOME shell extensions after reinstalling Ubuntu?

Some extensions come with the standard Ubuntu software repository, and accordingly can be installed from Software Center or using the terminal with sudo apt get. These commands could be included in a script for automated installation.

Installation of extensions downloaded from the Gnome-Shell website can also be scripted. This website describes a possible process. Briefly,

The extension must be downloaded
The extensions UUID needs to be determined from the metadata.json file that comes with each extension.
The program files need to be copied under .local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/, in a folder that is named according to the UUID.

To enable extensions with a command, you can use gnome-shell-extension-tool.


Gstreamer 0.10 on imx6 Board can't play video with audio

First of 0.10 is basically deprecated.

Second, you should use the more recent freescale Gstreamer i.MX plugins, made especially for video decode/sink purposes.


How do i get the watch command to monitor temps and MHz at the same time

It is as simple as joining the two commands together with a ; inside the argument string for watch:

watch -d -n1 'sensors coretemp-isa-0000 nouveau-pci-0100 ; grep MHz /proc/cpuinfo'

Note also that I simplified your second command, as grep can read from files directly.


Boot from the Ubuntu CD, and run the installation as if its a new install.  When you get to the Installation type screen, you may choose: Upgrade Ubuntu 12.04 to 12.04,

.

I don't have the exact image, but this will help you get the idea.  In you case it will be Upgrade Ubuntu 12.04 to 12.04

Hope that this will help you in your quest.


How can I get my USB-C Ethernet adaptor to work on Ubuntu 17.10?

In a chat session, we tried a number of things but finally discovered that the installation of a mainline kernel version 4.15 from here solved the issue: http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.15/


I uninstalled Chromium. Why still extra ffmpeg codecs for the chromium browser in ubuntu update?

According to the output of apt-cache depends google-chrome-stable, nothing with codecs or ffmpeg is part of google-chrome-stable dependencies. If you want, you can safely remove "extra ffmpeg codecs for the chromium browser". To see this for yourself, open a terminal and run the code given above.

If you later change your mind and want to go back to Chromium, the system will re-install the necessary dependencies for you.


Change PostgreSQL PGDATA variable with systemctl

The data directory must be set in postgresql.conf files.

Why?

The way that PostgreSQL is packaged on Ubuntu, the postgresql.service is an umbrella service that can drive several instances of PostgreSQL running simultaneously (for instance you may have 10/main and 10/main2 or 9.6/main) and they cannot share the same $PGDATA, so defining it globally at the level of the umbrella service cannot work.

Also, defining it locally via service units like postgresql@10-main.service would cause a problem to commands that manage PG instances like pg_lsclusters or pg_ctlcluster, as it's not clear how they would find what is the data directory of these instances. Currently these commands parse the configuration files. They do it for the data directory but also for other bits of data such as the port number or the Unix domain socket directories. This part is provided by the postgresql-common package which is pretty much independant from systemd (and predates its adoption).


10.04 notification area wireless notification wrong

Maybe the system kernel doesn't work with your wifi firmware. Try it to make a hosyap,
and compile the two into the kernel.

It's a hell of a job.

First install the newest driver and firmware in Windows.

You can check the compatibility from the wifi chipset and the kernel version in your Ubuntu release.

If they are compatible, download the driver for Linux-based systems.

Also you can start airdriver-ng in the a graphical terminal window, and follow the manual.

Good luck if you going to need airdriver.


Extract the contents of the archive (preferably to /opt):

sudo unzip PinegrowLinux64.2.51.zip -d /opt/pinegrow

Now create a symbolic link for easier running:

sudo ln -s /opt/pinegrow/Pinegrow\ Web\ Designer /usr/local/bin/pinegrow

You can now run the program with:

pinegrow

If you want to create an icon (aka a "launcher") see this question: How can I edit/create new launcher items in Unity by hand? (scroll down a bit if you want a GUI answer).


How do I change the desktop background from command line?

Edit: In later versions of Ubuntu (this question was written in 2011, after all), things moved to gsettings. See: How to change desktop background from command line in Unity?

It's a gconf setting: /desktop/gnome/background/picture_filename. You can set its value by running the following:
gconftool-2 -t string -s /desktop/gnome/background/picture_filename <path>

Obviously, replace <path> with a full path to the background image you want to display.
If you want to see what else is available from a nice GUI, run:
gconf-editor /desktop/gnome/background/


About sound:
Left click sound icon and do you see "Sound Settings"?
On Ubuntu in Output tab you can see
Play Sound though:
In my case I have "HDMI/DisplayPort" option which I set up for sound from TV screen.

Also I have installed GNOME Tweak Tool.
Maybe you need to install also some Tweak tool on Mint Linux distribution as well.


You can check whether the Lid open event is configured to wake up your OS by executing the cat /proc/acpi/wakeup command.
If the status of the 'LID' device is currently disabled you can try enabling it by executing:

sudo -s
echo "LID" > /proc/acpi/wakeup

This will set the status to enabled.
Running the commands again will set it back to disabled.


Wired connection keeps disconnecting on Ubuntu 14.04

I solved the problem using

sudo ./check_network_2

that checks the connection and re-establishes the connection if it drops out


How do I audit an executable to make sure it is not malicious?

What you are looking for is a tool that shows how a program interacts with the system (more specifically, with the kernel). Programs interact with the system using syscalls. Examples of syscalls are:

open -- used to open a file;
read and write -- used to read/write from/to a file descriptor;
connect -- used to connect a socket to a peer;
many, many others (see man syscalls).

The point is: syscalls can be traced using ptrace(2). So, basically, you are looking for tools built around ptrace. One of such tools is strace(1), which is a terminal application that takes a command as an argument and outputs:

the system calls the program is calling;
the arguments used to make the syscalls;
the result of the syscalls.

The output is in a C-fashion. Here is an example:

$ strace cat test
execve("/bin/cat", ["cat", "test"], [/* 55 vars */]) = 0
/* ... */
open("test", O_RDONLY)                 = 3
/* ... */
read(3, "hello\n", 32768)               = 6
write(1, "hello\n", 6)                  = 6
read(3, "", 32768)                      = 0
/* ... */

There you see that cat test is opening a file named test, reading its content (hello) and placing it on the standard output.

strace can produce much output, so be sure to read its man page (man strace), especially the documentation of the -e output that will let you see just the syscalls you are interested in.

Unfortunately, I'm not aware of graphical or easy-to-use alternatives. If you want to look for them, ptrace should be one of your search keywords.

About the isolation, there are many technologies out there. Chroots, Linux containers (which are currently under development and incomplete), software virtualization and paravirtualization are the most used. However this is a topic way too large to discuss. I'd suggest opening a new question if you wish to have more details.


Downloadhelper firefox Failed Conv,FFpmeg PROGRAM IS DEPRECATED

You can try a web-based tool for downloading youtube videos to your computer. Most sites will give you many options for which type and size the video will be. One site that has worked well for me is www.keepvid.com.


How to create folder shortcut in Ubuntu 14.04?

it simple: just press Ctrl + Shift and drag.


It's a common issue while dual-booting Ubuntu and windows. Use boot-repair See boot-repair and follow the instructions. Usually the default settings will work for most people. Good luck!


Can't boot after upgrading to Ubuntu 16.04 - services failing to start

For your current issue, I would recommend booting into a live usb installation, mounting your old partitions, copying all your data off that you want to save, and reinstall since something majorly borked during upgrade.

Look up using LVM to partition your drives, and make a dedicated data/home LVM logical volume and switch to doing full installs if you can. This will lead to less headache in the future, less data loss, and greater portability and flexibility.

If you would like to take a crack at troubleshooting this. I would boot into a live install, mount your old installation, chroot into it, and start using the journalctl command and systemctl status to see just what those services are failing on. It could be something common and simple, it may not!


Different docks on different workspaces, or configure awn to behave differently on different workspaces

you can edit a script that change your AWN's gconfs, for example change your dock behavior from "intellihide/panel-mode" to "autohide" so you no longer see it..
then you can add it to your dock as a "simple launcher" entry..

this
is a script i've done to move my wingpanel and my dock to the left, resizing them to 20px and forcing them to auto hide.. it works like a switch so re-launching it makes everything back to normal..

hope it helps..


Need help fixing broken nautilus directory links on launcher

This was solved by actually fixing broken nautilus links. I realized that these links are nothing but the same bookmarks on the left pane of your file manager. All I had to do was:

sudo gedit ~/.config/gtk-3.0/bookmarks

This opens the configuration file and you could edit the links by following the format below:

file://<full_path> <bookmark_name>

for directories and

smb://<IPv4_address>/<shared_directory_name>

for shared folders on network (using samba).

That's it! You may even add other bookmarks by specifying the paths here.

Another (easier) alternative for broken paths (works only for folders created by user) is:

Right click on the directory name left pane of bookmarks.
Click Remove.
Navigate to the path of the directory using the file manager (nautilus).
Hover to Bookmarks menu, click and select Add Bookmark.

More info can be found here and here.


Converting a sequence of images to a video from terminal

Not sure about .eps but you need 2 tools for this:

  Installation

imagemagick

sudo apt-get install imagemagick

mpeg2enc

wget http://www.imagemagick.org/download/delegates/mpeg2vidcodec_v12.tar.gz
tar xvzf mpeg2vidcodec_v12.tar.gz
cd mpeg2
./configure
make

Copy then tmpeg2enc contents to /usr/bin:

sudo mv mpeg2/src/mpeg2enc /usr/bin

  Creating a move sequence from images

 convert -delay 20 *.eps video.avi

  Convert .eps

In case .eps is not supported you can convert them to another format with

convert image.eps image.png


unable to boot to windows 10 after installing Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS

Try going into system setup and there windows boot manager.I got it by doing that but unable to find it in the intitial grub


Can I use 8.04 Hardy packages or repositories on Precise?

This is not recommended, probably won't work, and can break your 12.04 system!

You can try installing individual Hardy application debs, but there's a good chance they won't work because of dependency (library) problems; if you try to install those Hardy libraries, you will probably break your Precise system.

Adding the Hardy repositories to Precise is a very bad idea and will almost immediately break your system.

Once broken, it can be very difficult to fix your system -- updating/upgrades may not work, and Precise applications may not either.
How can I use those "Hardy" applications then?

You can try building them from source.
But it may be easier to create a Hardy chroot instead -- this allows you to create a Hardy installation within your Precise system, which can use the Hardy repositories, install all Hardy applications, etc. and still run without causing any problems to the main Precise. Please see this Ubuntu guide for more details.


/usr/bin/python should be a symbolic link to whatever version of python you wish to use. On my default system, it links to python2.7, which is also in /usr/bin, but is an executable, not a link.

I also have python3.4 in /usr/bin; if I wanted to use that instead of python2.7, I would simply redefine the link using the ln command, like so:

sudo ln -sT /usr/bin/python3.4 /usr/bin/python

-s creates a symbolic link;  -T means treat the target as a normal file, not a directory.

If the python link existed, you would need to delete or rename it.

This should not have anything to do with the path at all.

I feel obliged to mention that you should never make modifications using sudo unless you understand what you are doing (especially know how to undo it, or at least write down the exact steps so you can ask), or you are instructed on exactly what to do by a trusted source (and it's best to understand what it's doing even in that case).  That is the whole reason sudo requires special permissions and a password.


The easiest thing to do is to install Ubuntu after installing Windows as Windows is notorious for not liking dual boots, whereas Ubuntu likes dual boots.

If you can't do it in that order (E.G. by backing up all your data):

Back-up all your data anyway just in case anything goes wrong.
Download and burn a Boot Repair DVD.
Shrink your Ubuntu Install to have enough space for Windows
Move the Ubuntu install off the first partition (Windows insists on being installed on partition 1)
Install Windows
Turn off Windows FastBoot and Hibernation
Run the Boot repair as Windows will have overwritten your boot record during its install process


If you are using Ubuntu 14.04 LTS or newer, try this first:

killall pulseaudio; rm -r ~/.config/pulse/* ; rm -r ~/.pulse*

wait ten seconds, then run this:

pulseaudio -k

For further information, access help.ubuntu


Juju deploy issue : Connection was refused by other side

I see that you're still using the old Py-Juju, which is no longer being supported or developed. Please switch to the newer Juju-Core instead.

Open Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:juju/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install juju-core

Reboot and see if the issue is resolved.


Access Php globally from terminal ubuntu 16.04 lts

This is simple just create a symlink. I just did this with a fresh install of Ubuntu 18.0.4 Bionic Beaver and XAMPP x64-7.4.4-0-installer. Just execute the following command in the terminal

sudo ln -s /opt/lampp/bin/php /usr/bin/php


To disable fstrim use:

rm /var/lib/systemd/timers/stamp-fstrim.timer
systemctl stop fstrim.service fstrim.timer
systemctl disable fstrim.service fstrim.timer
systemctl mask fstrim.service fstrim.timer

That will remove the 3m from your boot but does NOT fix the issue. You still need to hunt that down. For instance: do you have a swap partition? If so remove it and add a swap file to /etc/fstab and see if that was the issue. swap partition vs swap file

journalctl -u fstrim

will show a report on fstrim.

Mind that you should start fstrim manually if you do that and you can do that with

sudo fstrim -v /


I really need to access my files :( from my previous Home directory

The easiest way to get a hold of your files is to boot into your LiveCD and copy your old /home directory to your new /home directory. By using the LiveCD, you totally bypass the operating system's protection. Just be careful you don't mess around too much, as you won't get any warnings. Good luck!


I solved this problem by removing the "nomodeset" from the /etc/default/grub file as referred to other posts, just remember to do sudo update-grub before restart.


14.10 backup folder to another drive in the same machine?

Set up a script (like a BAT file in Windows) that issues an rsync command. The rsync command will synchronize disk 2 with disk 1 (and not the other way around). Make this script executable (with the chmod command) and test it. Open your cron file (crontab -e) and schedule your rsync script to run at every hour.

You could put the rsync command in the cron file directly, but I prefer to have cron call a script so you can easily add more commands if necessary.


Change timezone in 10.04/11.04 without user input

Create a link to /etc/localtime

ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Los_Angeles /etc/localtime

Just replace /America/Los_Angeles with your zone.


Cannot boot from USB with ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS

I did my Bootable USB with Ubuntu 14.0.4 last week with LiveLinux from a windows 7 machine. They also have a great page to help you set it up. After Your done you can either boot to install or just run directly from the key.

Little Tutorial:

Download LinuxLive USB Creator if not already done and install it.

Start LinuxLive USB Creator from your Start Menu -> All Programs -> LinuxLive USB Creator

Creating a Linux Live USB key is then a five easy steps process:

1. Choose a USB key or drive in the list.

All you have to do in this first step is choosing your USB device (drive or key) on which you want to create a Linux Live USB key.

Requirements are:

a USB device with a FAT32 or FAT partition *
usually 810 MB of free space (but depends on what Linux you install) **

2. Select an ISO file or a CD.

Select an ISO file, CD or folder containing the extracted LinuxLive ISO's files. If you don't have any ISO or do not know what to install, use the Download button and select a Linux distribution (Ubuntu is a good choice to begin).

3. Choose the size of persistent data

What is Persistence?

Usually, on a live CD or Live USB key, all modifications are discarded when you reboot.

The persistence allows you to keep your preferences and data even after reboot.

The data are stored in a special file called casper-rw (for Ubuntu) and overlay-USBLABEL-UUID (for Fedora). This is a completely transparent process for the user.

Usually, 300 MB are enough to install some software but you can use more.

4. Check the Options you need.

Enable launching LinuxLive in Windows (= Virtualization):

This is the most important option. It allows you to launch a LinuxLive directly in any Windows without any configuration nor software installation on your hard drive. No other Creator offers this exclusive feature.

LinuxLive USB Creator made it possible with a special homemade version of the famous virtualization software VirtualBox. It will download this portable version on your USB key (no installation) and will set it automatically for you. If you don't know what virtualization is, then read the What is virtualization? article of the FAQ.

To launch your LinuxLive in Windows, just run Virtualize_This_Key.exe * located in the VirtualBox folder on your USB key.

Be aware that you need local administrator's privileges in order to launch VirtualBox.

Hide created files on the USB key:

This will just hide the files created on the USB key. The files will be invisible only in Windows because of attributes S (system) and H (hidden). To see the files, go in Folder Options -> View -> Advanced settings and check Show hidden files and folders.

This option is quite useful because many files will be created on your USB key.

Format the USB key in FAT32:

Use this option if your USB key is using NTFS, if you need more space or if you want to clean your USB key.

Be careful, it will erase EVERYTHING on your USB key.

5. Click the lightning button to start.

Please close any window / program using the USB key. This includes Explorer windows opened on your USB key.
All you have to do is to click on the lightning button to start the creation.

How long to create a LinuxLive USB Key?

Here are the steps followed to create the LinuxLive USB key and estimated times:

Formatting the USB key (if option checked) (1 min.)

Cleaning previous install (< 1 min.)

Downloading VirtualBox as a background task * (5 - 10 min. but in the background)

Copying source files to the USB key (5 - 10 min.)

Renaming some files (< 1 min.)

Hiding files (if option checked) (< 1 min.)

Creating the persistence file (1 min. per 100 MB)

Formating the persistence file (1 - 5 min.)

Installing boot sector (< 1 min.)

Uncompressing and installing VirtualBox on the USB key (3 - 7 min.)

Moreover, each mandatory step (1, 2 and 3) has a traffic light to indicate its state:

Red light: the step has not been carried out correctly, you cannot start creating a Live USB key.
Orange light: there is a non blocking problem during this step, you can still start the creation List item.
Green light: everything is fine

http://www.linuxliveusb.com/help/guide


SMART status: failure imminent - file system unknown and inaccessible

Copy the raw contents of the whole disk into a file on an intact disk:

dd if=/dev/sda of=/path/to/some/intact/disk/MyFailingDisk.img

If your failing disk is not /dev/sda then adjust the command accordingly.

This allows you analyse the disk and rescue data later on in a safe manner.
If you do data rescue on the failing disk, you are risking the disk getting worse on each attempt.

How to rescue data is a topic for a separate question.


So a live USB,

Ok, so then try loading back up in your native OS, erasing the USB, erasing any partitions, if you are booting on a mac, using the first add, and then erase it again for good measure, then redo making it a live USB with one of the many programs out there depending on what OS you are on and there is one available for(situationally dependent). Then that should help. If you keep getting the error, try switching the port you are plugging the USB in.

It also may have to do with what version of ubuntu your installing and supported drivers. But, linux is pretty good about working with everything only needing a few tweaks here or there. So unless your doing an old old old.. release, or using an old... "ya you get the idea" .. computer/hardware, then it probably isn't that. more likely reading old data, something got corrupted, or the port doesn't have enough/too much power and is causing an error.

If your updating to 16.04 then there is also some sort of error I remember reading about relating to UEFI boot.

More information would help for a more direct answer from someone with person experience with that exact problem, like type of PC, native OS, Hardware installed, Version of ubuntu you are trying to install, ext. I have seen the

6.063360 sd 6:0:0:0: sdd no caching mode page found

6.063440 sd 6:0:0:0: sdd assuming drive cache: write through

error just last night when I updated to 16.04 to help answer another question. I erased the USB, several times, and retried, It worked out. I also had the same problem with my USB3 port when I was messing around with different ways to run and manipulate windows 7, Too much power or something, switched ports and it fixed it.

Know I don't have the perfect answer, but I hope it helps some :)


Missing letltxmacro.sty after LaTeX TexStudio installation

According to the search on packages.ubuntu.com - you need to install single package for letltxmacro.sty:
sudo apt-get install texlive-latex-extra


how to re-initialize alsa audio to load new asound.conf file

The asound.conf file is read by the ALSA library when you open some device for the first time.

In your own application, you can call snd_config_update() to re-read the configuration files.

If you want to affect some other application that you have no control over, you have to restart it.


Copy/paste manager in system tray for Ubuntu 18.04

You may use a GNOME shell extension called "Clipboard Indicator". It's a

  Clipboard Manager extension for Gnome-Shell - Adds a clipboard indicator to the top panel, and caches clipboard history.


How can I fully use the chroot I create with debootstrap on a local machine?

You can use schroot instead of chroot, it will take care of setting up /proc, /etc and cross mount your home.
You can use the following script which helps to build/setup a schroot:
http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~debfactory-devs/debfactory/devel/download/head%3A/schroot_build.py-20090314124651-txt9bwioeycax53m-1/build_schroot.py


How to install bootable Ubuntu 16.04 64-bit RAID 5 with 4TB HDDs on an UEFI/GPT system?

I made the installation of "bootable RAID5 with 4TB HDD" using the links below:

How to install Ubuntu 14.04/16.04 64-bit with a dual-boot RAID 1 partition on an UEFI/GPT system?
Should dual booting work from a 4TB HDD?
How to install Ubuntu server with UEFI and RAID1 + LVM

Attention! System must be booted with a UEFI media.

I created partition structure of each HDD is like below:

Device,          Size,   Type,               Description
/dev/sd[abc]1,    2MB,   ef02 (Grub-bios flag, Bios boot)
/dev/sd[abc]2,  500MB,   ef00 (EFI system, ESP)
/dev/sd[abc]3,  500MB,   fd00 (Linux Raid),  md0 -> ext4 -> /boot
/dev/sd[abc]4,   12GB,   fd00 (Linux Raid),  md1 -> swap -> /swap
/dev/sd[abc]5,   15GB,   fd00 (Linux Raid),  md2 -> ext4 -> /
/dev/sd[abc]6,  3.7TB,   fd00 (Linux Raid),  md3 -> ext4 -> /data

    mount /dev/md2 /mnt
    mount /dev/md0 /mnt/boot
    mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
    mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
    mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
    chroot /mnt

    apt-get install -y grub-efi-amd64
    apt-get install -y mdadm

    mount /dev/sda2 /boot/efi
    grub-install --boot-directory=/boot --boorloader-id=ubuntua --target=X86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --recheck
    umount /dev/sda2

    mount /dev/sdb2 /boot/efi
    grub-install --boot-directory=/boot --boorloader-id=ubuntub --target=X86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --recheck
    umount /dev/sdb2

    mount /dev/sdc2 /boot/efi
    grub-install --boot-directory=/boot --boorloader-id=ubuntuc --target=X86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --recheck
    umount /dev/sdc2

    efibootmgr

That's all for me. I hope it will be useful to those who need it.


The WPS Office for Linux up to version 10.1.0.5672~a21 ("Alpha21[2016-06-24]") - still depends on a deprecated library since Ubuntu 16.10, mentioned in the error message.

Workaround

Download and install the libpng12-0 version still available for Ubuntu 16.04 (xenial) before installing WPS Office for Linux.


Swap size
From a default Ubuntu installation we will have automatically created a /swap partition having a reasonable size. There are few cases only when changing this default value may be needed (e.g. being prepared to upgrade RAM later).
To get an idea if changing your swap size would give you any benefits it is probably a good idea to just see how much of it is acutally used by issueing the following command in a terminal:
free

This will give you all memory availble, and used, uncluding RAM and swap. Only if that value reaches the upper limit of your swap size it would make sense to increase it. If it always is at the lower level of usage reducing its size will not influence system performance and may not be worth the hassle (note that we should not completely disable swap).
Swappiness
More than swap size "swappiness" may influence system performance, as this value will determine how swap will be used by the kernel. Still, the default swappiness value of 60 is a sensible value and we should not need to change it. See this very nice question and answer on more background about swappiness. Please also consider that as a beginner to Ubuntu it may not be such a good idea to play aroung with system internals (at least not without a full system backup which will enable you to restart from scratch).
What else?
Perhaps more than CPU power (which you may not be able to change so easily anyway) are the following:

have a working graphics driver installed to use the ATI card rather than the inbuilt Intel graphics.
consider replacing a slow laptop hard drive by a fast SSD (this will do miracles).
further increase RAM size (may speed things up, but only if running multiple applications in parallel or for graphics or video editing).


Why are "disabled" snap versions not removed automatically

Why are “disabled” snap versions not removed automatically

They are.

Mind that snap keeps three revisions by default

snap set system refresh.retain=N

to configure the amount of revisions where N>=2.


Need to run a .sh as root on boot or login

You can try putting your file.sh in /etc/init.d/ and use update-rc.d

update-rc.d file.sh defaults


If you open your file browser you will see your windows disk at the top of the left pane.
Click on it and it is ready to use.


It looks like you added a PPA and this PPA either is no longer active or does not include packages for Xenial. In order to remove this PPA, you should run the following commands:

sudo ppa-purge ppa:chris-lea/libsodium
sudo ppa-purge ppa:mc3man/trusty-media

That removed the two PPAs that are causing that error, according to your screenshot. After you're done, you can run this to update the repository information:

sudo apt update