How do I make my system crontab fetch a URL and email it to me?

A crontab entry must be an executable shell command. A URL is not an executable shell command. Try */1 * * * * root wget -q -O- http://www.mywebsite.com/crondemo.php instead. wget is a command that fetches a URL. -q tells wget to not print progress, and -O- tells it to output the fetched URL to stdout, which cron will then email.

If you want to receive emails from cron, make sure you set MAILTO correctly above the relevant job in your crontab, and make sure that your system MTA works. You can use the mail command to test this.

The contents of /var/log/syslog may also help you diagnose cron problems, since cron will log jog attempts there even if it can't email you (provided that your crontab is installed and correctly provides a job schedule).

Finally, the comment is correct. As an exception, changes to /etc/crontab are picked up automatically.


Gparted has a little key icon on my Ubuntu partition so I can not resize it

That key icon indicates that the partition you are trying to modify is currently under use. In order to modify that/those partition/s you have to boot up from a live CD. Then you will be able to modify those partitions. But, be sure to backup your data as it can lead to data loss. But this case is very rare.


Error | Failed to generate a seed from SecureRandom within 3 seconds. Not enough entrophy?

Installing rng-tools appears to have fixed the issue.


Yes, it is! I suppose you do not need Graphical User Interface (GUI) for your web server, so you should prefer Ubuntu Server 16.04.1 LTS (which is supported until 2021).


Will Unity make it easier to resize the active window?

Yes, resizing windows is improving quite a bit with Natty. In previous versions of Ubuntu, windows are difficult to resize because the window border of the default Ambiance theme is extremely thin and hard to click accurately (1 pixel wide, compared to ~8 pixels in Windows 7).  Natty is dropping the border completely, but the windows will actually be easier to resize thanks to an invisible 5-pixel border. Additionally, all windows will have a draggable grip area in the bottom-right corner.

If that doesn't take care of the issue, I'd recommend browsing Metacity themes on Gnome-Look for one with a thicker border.  Alternatively, you can easily edit any theme to make the border thicker and easier to click.

It's also possible to hold down the alt key, then middle-click-and-drag with the mouse to resize a window, even on versions of Ubuntu prior to Natty.


Is there any way to make when opening a profile in Terminator automatically execute "ssh ip"

resolved

nano  ~/.config/terminator/config

add
[[www20]]
 use_custom_command = True
 exit_action = restart
 custom_command = ssh  user@192.168.1.23;

Then run at console
terminator   -p www20

This open terminal con promp for ssh at www20


Prevent user from executing a shell command

To avoid a user from running the passwd command, just make it non-executable for everyone but root.

sudo chmod o-x /usr/bin/passwd

An odd request though. You usually want users to be able to change their password, and to do it regularly. Also, the passwd command isn't the only way a user can change their own password...


If you did this with the hosts file, you would have to use the IP address of the websites in question, which would probably be a bad idea. IP addresses change, aand most larger sites use several different IPs in a round-robin/load-balancing configuration. At any rate, to do that, just edit the /etc/hosts file, and add lines similar to this:

# alias for stackoverflow.com
64.34.119.12    so

That first line is just a comment, so you know what it's doing there later.

If you just want to have aliases for Firefox, there is an add-on called URL Alias. Just search for it in the add-ons for Firefox. The Alias Links extension in Chrome will do the same thing.


How to Set Up mt7601U USB Wifi Adapter in Ubuntu 16.04

The answer on this issue on github
https://github.com/kuba-moo/mt7601u/issues/64#issuecomment-352250127 works for me.


You can install this package manually but you will have to check for updates manually here.
First, download the deb file (assuming you are using the amd64 version of Ubuntu):
wget 'http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/p/pipewire/libpipewire-0.2-1_0.2.7-1_amd64.deb'

Then, install the package:
sudo apt install ./libpipewire-0.2-1_0.2.7-1_amd64.deb

Since libpipewire0.3 uses a totally different set of files, there should be no conflict.
Again, you will have to manually check for updates. The current version is 0.2.7-1. When you see a newer version, just click on "amd64" under "Architecture" and then you can either click on one of the mirrors to download the file or copy the link and paste it into the terminal to use the wget command to use the same method as above. Just make sure to use the correct filename with the apt command so that you don't install the wrong file (like an older downloaded version).
Finally, there is some additional information on the Archlinux wiki that you may want to check out where they mention that you might have to install xdg-desktop-portal and enable the chromium flag chrome://flags/#enable-webrtc-pipewire-capturer to get it to work.


Apache allows for multiple “sites” to be defined with multiple configuration files. These are all stored in /etc/apache2/sites-available and can be enabled/disabled at any time. When you enable a site with a2ensite, a symlink is created between /etc/apache2/sites-enabled and the source file. When you disable a site with a2dissite the link is removed and the source configuration file remains. You can see the same pattern with modules, as a2enmod creates a symbolic link in mods-enabled and a2dismod removes the link.
One note: be sure to reload or restart Apache after modifying your configuration files, otherwise any changes you make will not be reflected.
sudo service apache2 reload

Or
sudo service apache2 restart


intex tv tuner card saa713x tv internal tuner card without FM installation

I came across your post while searching for a way to get my own legacy TV Tuner card up and running.
I think this is your card: 04:06.0 Multimedia controller: Philips Semiconductors SAA7130 Video Broadcast Decoder (rev 01)
I hope this link will be of assistance to you. Rest assured, most hardware gets up and running in Ubuntu very soon; hang in there.
Best,
DST


No sound in right speaker when using headphones in 16.04

try to blow out the port with a straw and blow really hard.


How to setup PC router to monitor LAN traffic?

My favourite tool for this task is ipfm ("IP Flow Meter"). In contract to wireshark it does not require to log the actual content of the traffic, and in contrast to ntop it does not aggregate transferred data from when you start looking at the tool. It aggregates traffic data permanently and saves the result in log files.

Installation:

sudo apt install ipfm

Configuration: Edit /etc/ipfm.conf while looking at the documentation in man ipfm.conf.

Usage:

Start it with sudo ipfm
After config file changes, restart it with sudo killall ipfm && sudo ipfm.
To see results, look at the log files it writes, as you configured in /etc/ipfm.conf.


Reinstall your unity or reset it.

Few sites here:

http://www.webupd8.org/2012/10/how-to-reset-compiz-and-unity-in-ubuntu.html

How can I remove and re-install Unity?


so Brother provide an FAQ that details several extra steps
http://support.brother.com/g/s/id/linux/en/faq_scn.html?c=us_ot&lang=en&redirect=on

1) http://support.brother.com/g/s/id/linux/en/faq_scn.html?c=us_ot&lang=en&redirect=on#f00107

install libusb-0.1-4 `sudo sudo apt install libusb-0.1-4

2) http://support.brother.com/g/s/id/linux/en/faq_scn.html?c=us_ot&lang=en&redirect=on#f00101 copy some files

sudo cp /usr/lib64/sane/libsane-brother4.so.1.0.7 /usr/lib/sane
sudo cp /usr/lib64/sane/libsane-brother4.so /usr/lib/sane
sudo cp /usr/lib64/sane/libsane-brother4.so.1 /usr/lib/sane

3) download and install the file that sets the udev rule http://support.brother.com/g/s/id/linux/en/instruction_scn1c.html?c=us_ot&lang=en&redirect=on#u13.04


Ubuntu doesn't retain mouse cursor size between reboots

I was facing the same issue, then found a similar entry under /com/canonical/unity/interface/cursor-scale-factor, increased to 1.20 and it worked fine after reboot.
Too bad there's no option under Universal Access or something :S


Graphic driver problem with Ubuntu 12.10

To enable your ethernet connection, you should only have to select "Network" at the recovery mode menu. After pressing Enter, your file systems will be checked for errors and mounted in read/write mode. Then the wired network connection will automatically be set up.
After this you will be taken back to the recovery mode menu. Select "root" and type apt-get install linux-headers-generic nvidia-current. Press ctrl+alt+delete to reboot.

(Someone may edit this answer to provide instructions for jockey-text)


sc-controller doesn't work in ubuntu 20.04

From step 3. please change KERNEL=="uinput", TAG+="snap_sc-controller" to "KERNEL=="uinput", TAG+="snap_sc-controller_sc-controller"
(missing another sc-controller at the end)
then redo step 4. to reload rules.


Trying to understand my first server set up

The reason you don't see anything when you type ls is because you are in your user's home directory, and on a server install, your home directory is empty ;)

To get to the root directory you will need to run the command

cd /

This will take you to / (the root directory). From there you can use ls to see everything on your hard drive, including /var. You can jump straight to /var/www with the command

cd /var/www

To edit anything outside of your user's home (e.g. /var/www) you need root privileges, which you get by appending all your commands with sudo.


Cloud-init is designed to make automated setup of VMs and Containers easy.


OPs answer, taken from comments

  … this is all about my lacking knowledge about cron, once i give the
  absolute path to my tool it work perfectly …


I had a similar issue.  I used K3b, or Xfburn and problem solved.

To install click K3b

To install click Xfburn


Unable to boot OS X after installing Ubuntu 12.04

Try holding down the Option key (or Alt if you're using a PC keyboard) when you hear the chime early in the boot process. That should produce a boot menu that will enable you to boot to OS X. You can then re-install rEFIt (or switch to rEFInd, which is my updated fork of rEFIt, since rEFIt hasn't been updated in over two years). This should fix the problem.

If using Option or Alt doesn't give you a boot menu, try using a rEFIt or rEFInd boot CD. (Both projects have them, but the rEFIt CD is more likely to work on a Mac.) Again, you might need to hold down Option or Alt to see the CD as a boot option. Once booted, you can (re-)install rEFIt or rEFInd.

If neither of these approaches work, I see three others, but they all carry some risk:

You can move or rename the /boot/efi/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi file from Ubuntu. This is GRUB, and moving/renaming it will, with any luck, force the Mac's firmware to look for other boot options, and it should find the standard OS X boot loader. Once you're in OS X, you can mount the ESP ("mkdir -p /boot/efi && sudo mount_msdos /dev/disk0s1 /boot/efi"), move GRUB back to its normal location and name, and (re-)install rEFIt or rEFInd. The risk is that if the firmware can't find the OS X boot loader for some reason, your system won't boot at all until you use an emergency disc to correct matters, or maybe even until you re-install an OS.
You can do much as above, but copy the rEFIt or rEFInd files into /boot/efi/efi/ubuntu, renaming refit.efi or refind_x64.efi to grubx64.efi. When you reboot, rEFIt or rEFInd should appear, and depending on which you use and what you do with the original grubx64.efi, you might even be able to boot both OSes right off the bat. The drawback is that subsequent GRUB updates might wipe out your changes.
You can try using the efibootmgr program to adjust your EFI boot loader configuration to move rEFIt back to the top spot (or to give rEFInd the top spot, if you try to install it). The risk is that efibootmgr has been reported to corrupt the firmware on at least some Mac models. My impression is that this problem has been corrected with post-3.0 kernels, but I haven't found anything authoritative on this. In any event, if you try this, either read the efibootmgr man page and issue the necessary commands to reset rEFIt to be the default, or download rEFInd and use its install.sh script to install rEFInd, which will also use efibootmgr to make it the default boot loader.

Good luck!


Mouse hover over submenu item does not expand menu until I leave and re-enter item

This could depend on your chosen theme. I've read a while ago, that someone had the same problems with the clearlooks-engine. He had chosen another theme and the problems were gone.
You can try to disable "Mouse Position Polling" in compiz.

Install CompizConfig Settings Manager:

sudo aptitude install compizconfig-settings-manager

Then goto System/Preferences an chose "Advanced Desktop Effects Settings" (i'm not sure if it is still called this way, because i use ubuntu in german) and disable Mouse Position Polling:


Ubuntu Software (store/app) - always safe?

is all of the software in here vetted?

Yes, but is also an automated process that looks for specific kind of code. At the bottom an example of a backdoor and also the reason why it is hard to find.
And a large part of the check is done by the users (or at least a user) of that software. There have been a few incidents. Here are 3 ranging from 2003 to 2013:

http://freedom-to-tinker.com/2013/10/09/the-linux-backdoor-attempt-of-2003/
https://freedom-to-tinker.com/2013/09/20/software-transparency-debian-openssl-bug/
http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2013/11/nsa-ask-linus-torvalds-include-backdoors-linux-father-says-yes

Generally you can expect uproar when a user finds a problem with software. That is also why we use open source: you can code a backdoor, you can get it into software but you can not completely hide a backdoor. At some point someone will notice that backdoor. Either by examining code or by seeing something happen on their system.
Mind that this is also the reason why a large group of users using Linux refuse to install closed source drivers. You never know what is inside the code of closed source. It could have backdoors, it could have "phone home" malware.

Would I ever need to be concerned about potential malicious software being listed here?

At some point we all need to start trusting someone and Canonicals track record is a lot better than Microsoft or Apple.

Not running servers on your own machine mitigates almost all your problems.

You can never be 100% sure but it might be better to focus on other issues. Your ISP recording everything you do on-line for instance. That is far more likely. Or someone hacking into your machine using your password.
===
From the 1st link: a person called Larry McVoy noticed a change to software called bitkeeper. The issue is a single =. So that is pretty difficult to find unless you see something odd as he did: he found it due to irregularities to the change log. The alteration was ...
if ((options == (__WCLONE|__WALL)) && (current->uid = 0))
    retval = -EINVAL;

No user admitted to making this change and since it was logged in a weird manner it is assumed someone tried to insert this deliberately as a backdoor. And it also has an explanation:

A casual reading by an expert would interpret this as innocuous error-checking code to make wait4 return an error code when wait4 was called in a certain way that was forbidden by the documentation. But a really careful expert reader would notice that, near the end of the first line, it said “= 0” rather than “== 0”. The normal thing to write in code like this is “== 0”, which tests whether the user ID of the currently running code (current->uid) is equal to zero, without modifying the user ID. But what actually appears is “= 0”, which has the effect of setting the user ID to zero.

Basically this adds options WCLONE and WALL that change the userid to root. That is what you can call a backdoor :)


Can I reprint the Ubuntu Server installation guide?

The precise answer depends which document you're taking about.

https://help.ubuntu.com/12.04/installation-guide/i386/index.html is under GPL so as long as you include it's license in the appendix, you're probably fine.

Other newer help.ubuntu.com content is available under a CC-SA license. Again, this means it's probably fine.

Both these licenses are viral in that they force derivative work to share the same license so you will need to ensure they are verbatim copies and clearly added as referenced appendices, not integral parts of your work... I say this because your school might want to claim an exclusive copyright, which wouldn't be possible. Does that make sense?

Other guides are under other licenses. You would have to see what you're dealing with.


Vino VNC Server unable to start on startup

create a systemd unit or service to run vino server at startup

cd /etc/systemd/system/

sudo vim vinostartup.service

[Unit]
Description = description about the service
After = network.target
[Service]
ExecStart = /usr/lib/vino/vino-server
[Install]
WantedBy = multi-user.target

Enable the service

sudo systemctl enable vinostartup.service

Verify it using below command vinostartup.service will be there

ls multi-user.target.wants/

If you don’t want to wait until next boot (it’s already enabled) we can start the service

sudo systemctl start vinostartup.service


Passing arguments to an interactive script which will run in background

If your script is called, let say test.sh, then you can for example:

pipe your input:

echo -e "1\n2\n3\n" | test.sh &

where 1, 2, and 3 are the values for $nano, $sec and, respectively $i.
take the input from a file:

test.sh < arguments.txt &

use a here string:

test.sh <<< $'1\n2\n3\n' &


How can I wipe an existing Windows partition, then reinstall Windows as a dual boot with Ubuntu?

assuming you are with UEFI boot mode.

it is better to take the backup of your Ubuntu data also as extending ext4 / partition in GParted will take much time.

boot with bootable USB and logon to live session of Ubuntu.

Open GParted.
leave the sda2 EFI partition as it is.
delete the sda1, sda3, sda4 & sda5
now proceed with go signal to write the changes in GParted.
select sda9 and increase its size, it may take long time in live session.
after the completion of process. reboot the system.
Open GParted again, run in terminal sudo sgdisk -s /dev/sda to sort out the partitioning numbers.
make the unallocated space into NTFS file system.
shutdown the system.
boot with windows10 bootable USB. and do the regular installation.
Once windows is installed, it will directly boots to windows. you need to reinstall Grub.
in windows10 turn of fastboot and secureboot.
boot in live session of Ubuntu and then follow this highly voted Q&A How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?)


installer freeze during installation Ubuntu 19.10

From my experience, this usually happens on systems with limited RAM. It helps to choose "install Ubuntu" immediately instead of "try Ubuntu without installing."

To avoid this problem altogether, you can use a netboot image or "minimal CD" instead of the "live" image. The netboot iso is called "mini.iso" and uses a text (ncurses?) based installer. The file is only 76MB so it downloads quickly and the text based installer uses very little RAM.

First, download the "mini.iso."

Click here to download the 18.04 (amd64) mini.iso file.
Click here for other architectures.

Next, use the mini.iso to create a bootable disk or USB device (probably use the same method you used before).

Finally, boot up the iso and follow the instructions. When you get to the "software selection" section, make sure the Ubuntu desktop package is selected. Also, check to see if the ubuntu-restricted-extras package is available and if not, install this package after installing the system for all the audio and video codecs you might need.

Use TAB and your arrow keys to navigate the installer use the  SPACEBAR to select or unselect a highlighted item. Use the SPACEBAR or ENTER to press a highlighted button (similar to most BIOS interfaces).

The installer is pretty straight forward. You may need to create a partition. Make sure you select the type as ext4 and set the mount point to / (a single forward slash).


Installed java-8-openjdk-amd64:

sudo apt-get install default-jre

And I had the same problem.

Install oracle-java solution for me:

sudo apt-get install python-software-properties
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer

javaws -version
Java(TM) Web Start 11.45.2.14-fcs
...

Select the desired platform for Java, you can:

sudo update-alternatives --config java


How can I filter "dpkg --get-selections" to just packages available in repositories?

I believe Software Center has a feature for syncing between computers these days. If that handle missing packages correctly, it could solve your problem.

The issue here is that dpkg isn't aware of repositories, only installed packages. You can find out if a package is available in a repository by running apt-cache policy $package. If you see a repository in the Version Table, it's available there.

So, how about this?. It's slow, but should work:

dpkg --get-selections '*' \
  | while read line; do
    apt-cache policy $(echo "$line" | cut -f1 ) \
      | grep -q 'http://' \
      && echo "$line"
done


How to make KDE use a screen from xrandr 1.5?

As of writing this there seems to be no way to stop KDE from discovering the individual panels. There is however a partial workaround.

In System Settings -> Window Management -> KWin Scripts, enable the Video Wall script , and un-check the Apply to setting in in the settings for this script. Now, applications that explicitly request full screen (e.g. video players, full screen mode in web-browsers, etc) will span over the whole monitor. Windows will, however, still maximize to the individual panels and the KDE task-bar will at most cover half of the width of the monitor.

A task-bar that spans the whole monitor can be emulated by creating another task bar, drag it to to the other side of the screen and in the settings of both task managers enable Show only tasks from the current screen.


How to install ubuntu on macbook pro as a single os?

In order to boot from the DVD on a macbook pro you need to turn off your macbook pro, hold in the option key, turn on the computer while the option key is still in, and let it out when you get a boot menu. Select the DVD as the boot device. Then run Ubuntu setup as normal.


PulseAudio: Can not create sink with specific name anymore

To give another name for a newly created sink we may issue the following command

pactl load-module module-null-sink sink_name=ANYNAME sink_properties=device.description="our_new_name"

This will also update the device.description field that contains the name of our newly created sink as it will be displayed in the sound preferences menu.

If you omit this the internal name of your sink is still test in your example as you will find out by running

pacmd list-sinks


I might be breaking some rules here, but i don't have enough rep to comment, so i ll try to present this as an answer.

For starters, no matter which key you press you get the same response(sleep/shutdown) or some other keys don't work at all, or have other crazy reaction?

If not; it seems like a hardware problem. So if you had previously open your laptop the cable-tape connecting the keyboard with the motherboard might have been moved out of place, so try readjusting it.

If you haven't touched the inside of your Computer this might be a problem with the motherboard.

Lastly, something that i would do, just to check what happens

  xinput list

This will display a list with every device, and its id, connected to your laptop.
Find the id of your keyboard (just the integer) and then type

  xinput disable [Keyboard_id]

then enable it again

  xinput enable [Keyboard_id]

Do this by using the on-screen keyboard provided by Ubuntu.

I hope this helped you.

I'll try to snoop around and shape this to a more complete answer.

Cheers


If you runnig vagrant provider virtualbox and you wnat remove relatime just put parameter norelatime like this:

mount -o remount,ttl=0,norelatime /var/www/html/


you can remove any package with many possible ways in Ubuntu.

1.Software centre -> In the installed application list you can find all what you have installed and you can remove them from there it self.

2.Synaptic Package Manager -> Here also in the search field you can type the application.

3.Aptitude -> This is a CLI tool.

4.apt-get -> Here by using the following command in terminal you can remove any application/Package

sudo apt-get remove <Application_name>

one more thing to remove any application completely along with its configurations files you can do the following command

sudo apt-get remove --purge <Application_name>

Hope that going to help you a bit.


Ubuntu 14.04 and Windows 10 dual boot not working

Boot from the Ubuntu installation media.
Select Try Ubuntu without installing.
Open a terminal and execute :

sudo mount /dev/sdd* /mnt
sudo grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/sda

Note : * = Ubuntu root partition (e.g. sdd1)

Identify the Ubuntu partition with GParted.
The tool is included in the installation media.
Now both systems appear in the GRUB menu.

Update including the information given by @oldfred

In case Windows does not boot from GRUB boot menu,
disable hibernation mode and fast startup in Windows.
Open command prompt as administrator and execute :

powercfg /h off

Open the legacy version of the Windows Control Panel (not the modern one).
Select Power Settings, enable show hidden settings and uncheck fast startup.
After having done this - shutdown the computer completely - do NOT reboot.

Note :

Generally it is recommended to install all operating systems to the same disk !
You may want to consider installing Ubuntu to sda where Windows is installed.


There is parameter toram, which you can give to recent Ubuntu livecd's at boot time, recent meaning 10.04 or newer. That'll load everything to RAM (assuming you have enough RAM to hold it), and afterwards you can remove CD (or USB stick) and continue using Ubuntu normally.


Can I "bring directories with me" when I ssh into another machine?

First thing you wanna do if you haven't already is make it so you can login without a password.

http://www.linuxproblem.org/art_9.html

Second thing you wanna do is just run a script on the user login

you can do this several ways the easiest way is putting the command in a .bashrc or .profile file

The first line makes sure it is running only in ssh terminal you can remove that if it doesn't matter.

if [ -n "$SSH_TTY" ]; then
    $HOME/bin/run_ssh_login_script
fi

Of course you can get creative and detect connecting ip address and the login user details.  Also a cool script I found for doing the connecting http://taggedzi.com/articles/display/bash-shell-script-to-mount-remote-systems-using-sshfs


Snappy daemon and other apps not working after changing permissions

I uninstalled and reinstalled snappy daemon!

sudo apt autoremove --purge snapd
sudo apt install snapd

Everything is working again!


How to make Ubuntu honor "ignore-hosts" proxy settings for IPv6?

It looks like this won't work with Gnome proxy settings. The ignore-hosts setting works for hostnames, addresses and address ranges, but apparently does not resolve hostnames before checking against addresses.

From the ignore-hosts documentation (emphasis by me):

  Also note that hostname exclusions apply only to connections made to
  hosts identified by name, and IP address exclusions apply only to
  connections made to hosts identified by address. That is, if
  example.com has an address of 192.168.1.1, and the :ignore-hosts list
  contains only "192.168.1.1", then a connection to "example.com" (eg,
  via a GNetworkAddress) will use the proxy, and a connection to
  "192.168.1.1" (eg, via a GInetSocketAddress) will not.


Enable the speakers,microphone and camera

In this project http://linuxiumcomau.blogspot.com/2017/06/customizing-ubuntu-isos-documentation.html you can find 6 files (4 scripts and 2 .deb) that are made for intel atom devices.
This files are for the bluetooth, wi-fi and audio. But you need the new kernel.
Wi-fi was already fine.

Kernel 4.18.15 audio working, pretty low max (speakers) volume, maybe is so by default.

Kernel 4.19 (not stable) also the bluetooth but i did not test it, now i have the stable kernel.


How do you start-up in the login screen with Num Lock on?

Many (most?) systems have a BIOS setting for this.  This can be set in the BIOS and will apply to all OSes installed on the system.

You will need to consult your system documentation or your system vendor for information about how to enter the BIOS and what the setting is named.  (Though often pressing one of F1, F2, F10, or F12 during boot will access the BIOS settings where you can look for something like "startup numlock behavior" or similar.)


Cannot apply unity --reset after modifying files

It looks to me like your compiz settings need to be reset (manually). To do this, remove ~/.compiz-1, ~/.compiz and ~/.config/compiz or ~/.config/compiz (if they exist; depends on your compiz version).

Also, you can delete ~/.gconf/apps/compiz-1 to be safe.

So long as you have reinstalled Unity, this should fix it.


You have installed the LibreOffice 6.0 snap package (libreoffice). Snap packages do not appear in the results of dpkg --get-selections . To uninstall the LibreOffice 6.0 snap package, open the terminal and type:

sudo snap remove libreoffice


Can't change gedit preferences and terminal preferences don't save

I had the same problem (using Bash on Ubuntu on Windows, after the Windows 10 creators update), and it went away after I installed:

sudo apt-get install dconf-editor dbus-x11

See also, https://www.reddit.com/r/Windows10/comments/4rsmzp/bash_on_windows_getting_dbus_and_x_server_working/)


Tint2 is installed, because you have executed the command below

sudo apt-get install tint2

The folder ~/.config/tint2 is only for configuration files.

The default configuration is in

/etc/xdg/tint2/tint2rc

Create your own configuration with tintwizard (now here). Save the configuration as ~/.config/tint2/tint2confrc and start tint2 with, eg:

tint2 -c ~/.config/tint2/tint2confrc

For a better integration in GNOME use a desktop file and add the desktop file to your autostart configuration.

Example for a desktop file with the default configuration

[Desktop Entry]
Name=tint2
Comment=tint2 panel
Exec=tint2
Icon=taskbar
Type=Application
Categories=GNOME;GTK;
StartupNotify=false


Is the directory synchronized via Offline Files?  If so, it isn't really a normal directory with files in it underneath the surface if it's the sync'ed copy and not the original (for example, if you have a laptop with a domain account and My Documents redirected to the server, but made available offline).


If I reinstall ubuntu, will i be able to change my root password?

I may be mistaken but I don't think that there is a "Root" password. There is only the user password and whether or not the user can have access to "Root".


Run this in Terminal:
sudo apt remove speedtest-cli
sudo apt install python-pip

or python3-pip on 20.04 or newer
pip install speedtest_cli
speedtest


It appears to be a typo, you need to use spaces as delimiter of multiple boot options (as in "quiet splash"). So instead of

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash,ehci_hcd.ignore_oc=1"

try

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash ehci_hcd.ignore_oc=1"

You can check whether it worked by running

cat /sys/module/ehci_hcd/parameters/ignore_oc

after the reboot. If it yields "Y", the boot parameter was set; if it yields "N" something went wrong, check spelling (musst be all lower case) and whether you indeed ran

sudo update-grub

after setting the option and before the restart.

By the way: why the downvote?


What software do you recommend to manage TV Series?

Another option you can use is GCstar it covers the options you need. Another possibilty is Griffith but it is geared more towards small video store use films/renting.

More Info about gcstar

More Info About griffith

Both are avaliable in the Software Center.

Hope this helps.


Mouse cursor gets stuck in "drag and drop" mode

For me, opening a terminal window and running pkill nautilus fixes it temporarily.

(But I don't know how to prevent the problem from occurring in the first place.)


Exit to console after you boot, press Ctrl+Alt+F1, and login with your username and password. Once you are there you can install MDM as default login greeter for Ubuntu. Code is:

 sudo apt-get install mdm

Choose MDM as your default when prompted, and there you go. You can customize the login greeter so you can login as root or as user, and you can also disable potentially dangerous hosts with MDM. It should work, and LighDM will still be present as your display manager.

If you want to uninstall MDM for various reasons you need to type this code:

 sudo apt-get remove mdm

And choose lightdm greeter as default when prompted.

You can also change the password for root like this:
    sudo passwd

And choose a new password for root, and after that try to login as root. If it works it is ok but you shoudl not perform any operations when logged in as root.


As the other answer stated, it simply takes time because not enough entropy (i.e., random data) is generated.

You can speed the process up by installing an entropy generator like haveged!

Just install the package via command line:
sudo apt-get install haveged


Apache PHP no longer working after upgrading to 19.10 from 19.04

upgraded the other day and found the same issue today when I went to start writing some PHP. My solution was this:

sudo apt update; sudo apt remove php -y; sudo apt remove apache2 -y; sudo apt autoremove -y

This will uninstall apache2 and php, then we need to reinstall:

sudo apt install apache2 -y; sudo apt install php -y;

Then you are going to need to enable php (this may be the only step you need to do)

sudo a2enmod php7.x

*Note X is for your version of PHP (As of my writing installing php will install 7.3).
Also note that you may not need to uninstall apache2/php and then reinstall. This is how I did it before I enabled PHP again. Hope this helps.


How to bring up network on boot-up when NetworkManager is uninstalled?

sudo vim /etc/network/interfaces

DHCP

# Loopback
#
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# network card
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

Static

# Loopback
#
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# network card
#
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.254
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.1.0
broadcast 192.168.1.255
gateway 192.168.1.1

Restart networking.

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

If you use static, you might want to check /etc/resolv.conf to make sure name servers have been specified. It might look like this:

nameserver 208.67.222.222 # OpenDNS
nameserver 8.8.8.8        # Google
domain example.com
search example.com


There are a couple of packages you'll need in order to get a Qt application to compile on an Ubuntu machine:

build-essential  - contains g++, the GNU C++ compiler and make among other things
either libqt4-dev  or qtbase5-dev  - contains the headers and libraries needed to compile and link a Qt 4.x or 5.x application

Assuming the project is using Qmake, run the following commands in the directory containing the .pro file:

qmake
make

Qmake (by default) will read your project file and produce an appropriate makefile for your platform. The second command will build the application from the makefile.


How do I shut down without the confirmation prompt?

11.04 and previous versions of ubuntu

Alt + F2 and enter this: gconf-editor
apps > indicator-session
select suppress_logout_restart_shutdown

OR

Alt + F2 and enter this:

gconftool-2 --type bool --set /apps/indicator-session/suppress_logout_restart_shutdown true

To re-enable confirmation, replace the keyword true with false


According to the Lubuntu Wiki https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Lubuntu/Boot_Install_Login#For_release_12.04_and_on_.28LightDM.29

you must

For release 12.04 and on (LightDM)

You will need to create an /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf with these contents: (do this as root)

[SeatDefaults]

autologin-user=<YOUR USER>

autologin-user-timeout=0

user-session=Lubuntu

greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter

It appears that what you have tried and say does not work is similar but not the same as this solution.


Unfortunately, no — there is generally no way to get an X Windows application to reconnect to the windowing system if it loses its connection and its window is destroyed. And windows will generally only disappear if there is a bug in the program itself — in which case the process is probably in a hung state without knowing it, waiting on I/O that will never occur because it does not realize its window has gone away.

Unless the application is of a very rare design and lets you send it a special signal or message to reconnect to the X server, or rebuild a new window, or unless it is still present on the screen somewhere as an icon or docked icon and you can interact with it that way, the program's process must simply be killed and you have to restart it.

The behavior of closing its last window without exiting the process is generally a bug that you can report upstream about the application.

(Note: there are rare exceptions, like web browsers that keep a running process even once their last window is closed — but in those cases, re-clicking the browser's icon or re-running it from the command line simply tells the already-running process to open a new window. Again, an app has to be specially written to handle temporary windowlessness if this is to work.)


How can instantaneously extract text from a screen area using OCR tools?

Maybe there is already some tool that does that, but you can also create a simple script with some screenshot tool and tesseract, as you are trying to use.

Take as an example this script (in my system I saved it as /usr/local/bin/screen_ts):

#!/bin/bash
# Dependencies: tesseract-ocr imagemagick scrot

select tesseract_lang in eng rus equ ;do break;done
# Quick language menu, add more if you need other languages.

SCR_IMG=`mktemp`
trap "rm $SCR_IMG*" EXIT

scrot -s $SCR_IMG.png -q 100
# increase quality with option -q from default 75 to 100
# Typo "$SCR_IMG.png000" does not continue with same name.

mogrify -modulate 100,0 -resize 400% $SCR_IMG.png
#should increase detection rate

tesseract $SCR_IMG.png $SCR_IMG &> /dev/null
cat $SCR_IMG.txt
exit

And with clipboard support:

#!/bin/bash
# Dependencies: tesseract-ocr imagemagick scrot xsel

select tesseract_lang in eng rus equ ;do break;done
# quick language menu, add more if you need other languages.

SCR_IMG=`mktemp`
trap "rm $SCR_IMG*" EXIT

scrot -s $SCR_IMG.png -q 100
# increase image quality with option -q from default 75 to 100

mogrify -modulate 100,0 -resize 400% $SCR_IMG.png
#should increase detection rate

tesseract $SCR_IMG.png $SCR_IMG &> /dev/null
cat $SCR_IMG.txt | xsel -bi

exit

It uses scrot to take the screen, tesseract to recognize the text and cat to display the result. The clipboard version additionally utilizes xsel to pipe the output into the clipboard.

NOTE: scrot, xsel, imagemagick and tesseract-ocr are not installed by default but are available from the the default repositories.

You may be able to replace scrot with gnome-screenshot, but it may take a lot of work. Regarding the output you can use anything that can read a text file (open with Text Editor, show the recognized text as a notification, etc).

GUI version of the script

Here's a simple graphical version of the OCR script including a language selection dialog:

#!/bin/bash
# DEPENDENCIES: tesseract-ocr imagemagick scrot yad
# AUTHOR:       Glutanimate 2013 (http://askubuntu.com/users/81372/)
# NAME:         ScreenOCR
# LICENSE:      GNU GPLv3
#
# BASED ON:     OCR script by Salem (http://askubuntu.com/a/280713/81372)

TITLE=ScreenOCR # set yad variables
ICON=gnome-screenshot

# - tesseract won't work if LC_ALL is unset so we set it here
# - you might want to delete or modify this line if you
#   have a different locale:

export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8

# language selection dialog
LANG=$(yad \
    --width 300 --entry --title "$TITLE" \
    --image=$ICON \
    --window-icon=$ICON \
    --button="ok:0" --button="cancel:1" \
    --text "Select language:" \
    --entry-text \
    "eng" "ita" "deu")

# - You can modify the list of available languages by editing the line above
# - Make sure to use the same ISO codes tesseract does (man tesseract for details)
# - Languages will of course only work if you have installed their respective
#   language packs (https://code.google.com/p/tesseract-ocr/downloads/list)

RET=$? # check return status

if [ "$RET" = 252 ] || [ "$RET" = 1 ]  # WM-Close or "cancel"
  then
      exit
fi

echo "Language set to $LANG"

SCR_IMG=$(mktemp) # create tempfile
trap "rm $SCR_IMG*" EXIT # make sure tempfiles get deleted afterwards

scrot -s "$SCR_IMG".png -q 100 #take screenshot of area
mogrify -modulate 100,0 -resize 400% "$SCR_IMG".png # postprocess to prepare for OCR
tesseract -l "$LANG" "$SCR_IMG".png "$SCR_IMG" # OCR in given language
xsel -bi < "$SCR_IMG".txt # pass to clipboard
exit

Aside from the dependencies listed above you will need to install the Zenity fork YAD from the webupd8 PPA to make the script work.


More visible space in mc (Midnight Commander) for command lines

Two options here:

Try to press Ctrl+O. And forget your FAR, VC and NC :)
It seems that functionality is already here: press F9 (or Options), select Layout and find Console output here. It works in native Linux console (plain VT, such as Ctrl+Alt+F1) on 12.04 LTS, 17.04, 17.10 and 18.04 LTS, but not on 14.04 LTS and 16.04 LTS. There are upstream bug and launchpad bug about that.


Installing Aircrack-ng on Ubuntu 12.04
The recent ubuntu 12.04 cut out aircrack-ng from their repository. So here is an easy step by step guild to get it installed again

apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev
wget http://download.aircrack-ng.org/aircrack-ng-1.1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf aircrack-ng-1.1.tar.gz
cd aircrack-ng-1.1
gedit common.mak

Replace the line

CFLAGS ?= -g -W -Wall -Werror -O3

to:

CFLAGS ?= -g -W -Wall -O3

Then save it and close gedit

make
sudo make install

for more info go through Can't install aircrack-ng


Use single quotes to make the string literal:

echo '<project name="Grace5921/device_samsung_kyleve" path=\
  "device/samsung/kyleve" revision="cm11" remote="github"/>' >>kyleve.xml

Or escape the relevant double quotes with \:

echo "<project name=\"Grace5921/device_samsung_kyleve\" \
  path=\"device/samsung/kyleve\" revision=\"cm11\" remote=\"github\"/>" >>kyleve.xml


Bugzilla is not running - Access forbidden

In order for the link to work, www-data will have to have the following permissions:

  rx on /usr, /usr/local, /usr/local/bugzilla and any sub-folder

  r on any files within /usr/local/bugzilla

Oh, and the apache error_log file might well tell you more about the problem.


How to extract saved password from Remmina?

I was able to use the Go solution by @michaelcochez to decrypt it with Python:

import base64
from Crypto.Cipher import DES3

secret = base64.decodestring('<STRING FROM remmina.prefs>')
password = base64.decodestring('<STRING FROM XXXXXXX.remmina>')

print DES3.new(secret[:24], DES3.MODE_CBC, secret[24:]).decrypt(password)


/proc is a virtual filesystem, it does not occupy real disk space as ext4 does for example.

A simplistic answer to your query, i.e. without going too much into the complexity of procfs, is that within /proc are core files, and they represent the virtual address space of the processes, which are as large as the address space your CPU can address. And you have multiple processes in a running system.

In short, ignore the claimed size of the /proc directory.


Trying to install (L)ubuntu 17.10 solo on a Macbook pro 13" 1,1 2006/2007/2008 plastic ( CPU intel core duo 32 bits UEFI/EFI 32 bits )

So finally I got it working with rEFInd.

The solution I will expose is a sequel to everything I did and described in the question, so read it before reading this.

So, I have a SSD with an (empty/broken) ESP partition, and Lubuntu installed on the remaining of the SSD, as an ext4 partition.

Before populating the ESP partition, I will first create an rEFInd USB key. That's a very useful tool to have when you're in trouvle, not only for this install, but in many situations. It allows you to boot your internal drives when the boot loader is HS.

So to create the rEFInd USB key :

From a random linux install

Plug and format your USB key as FAT32
Let's say the USB key first and only partition is /dev/sd**x**1
Download the rEFInd binary zip ( example https://sourceforge.net/projects/refind/files/0.11.2/refind-bin-0.11.2.zip/download )
Unzip, and open a terminal in the extracted folder
Type : sudo bash refind-install --usedefault /dev/sdx1 --alldrivers
This USB key will work/boot on most computers already, but not on my old macbook, you need to do a small rename job in the key's folders.
Go to /EFI/BOOT (key), and duplicate the xxxx32.efi file into boot.efi (simple rename could work, didn't test).
So in the end you should have a file with this path in your key : /EFI/BOOT/boot.efi
Try to plug the key in the macbook pro, reboot while pressing the ALT key, and you should see the option to boot on the key.

From here, you should be able to pick your internal ubuntu install, and boot it.

Once the internal ubuntu has booted, mount the ESP partition, remove everything (if you already try a few things), and copy ALL the files of the USB key in this partition.

Remove the key, reboot, and the macbook pro should boot from the internal drive with rEFInd (after showing the infamous ? folder for a couple of seconds).

Note that at one point, I also mounted the ESP partition as /boot/efi manually in the /etc/fstab file of my ubuntu install (if you read my question you'll see the lubuntu installer had failed to install the boot loader, that's why the ESP partition was empty and not mounted on the /etc/fstab file). Not sure if it's necessary or not.

Note also that I tried several times (as said in the Question) to install rEFInd from the bootable lubuntu ISO key (which would have avoid to use the trick with the rEFInd USB key). Theorically that should be possible. I tried to rename the xxx32.efi files into boot.efi after installing, and I tried several options like --alldrivers when installing rEFInd, but nothing worked (I'm not absolutely sure I did the -alldrivers  test correctly, I should do it again to be sure, but I don't want to ruin it again). In the end the only thing that worked was copying the files from the rEFind USB key into the ESP partition of the internal drive...


Linux- cannot create folder in restricted area

Use:

sudo mkdir /opt/lampp/<folder-name>

You'll be prompted for the root password.


Screen freezes when installing Ubuntu GNOME

What version of Ubuntu GNOME are you running?

Under 17.04, I was able to resolve my display problem with a kernel flag, acpi_rev_override=5, details here: Install ubuntu 17.04 on dell xps 15 9560

However, to aid in trouble-shooting boot issues, you'll want to also remove the splash and quiet flags, as it'll be easier to see error messages as they get displayed during boot.

For details on editing your grub file, see https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2#Configuring_GRUB_2. Remember to run sudo update-grub whenever you make changes to grub.

Rich


How to reinstall all applications with desktop-files in simple way?

At first we need to get the list of executables on source system with command like:

dpkg -S $(which $(grep -r ^Exec --no-filename /usr/share/applications/ | sed 's/Exec=//' | awk '{print $1}' ) | grep -v /home/$USER | grep -v /usr/local) 2> /dev/null | awk '{print $1}' | sed 's/://' | sort -u > apps-list.txt

(command is formatted as in-line code to provide readability, please do not change it to code block)

Command above parses all desktop-files in /usr/share/applications/, extracts contents of Exec= lines, skips applications installed in home folder and in /usr/local, then finds corresponding paths and finally transforms them to the list of packages to store in text file.

At second on target we can simply install these applications with command like

sudo apt install $(cat apps-list.txt)

Note: we can skip non-existent packages by filtering them out using grep:

sudo apt install $(cat apps-list.txt | grep -v -E "app-not-found1|app-not-found2")


Setup cron job to send email to a bunch of people on a regular basis

First, see this post to see how you can send an email from terminal. Once you solved this problem and you can send emails from terminal, the following method should work to setup cron job to send emails.

Edit the crontab entries using crontab -e command (by default this will edit the current logged-in users crontab) and add the following line:

0 0 * * 1,3,5 $HOME/scripts/send_email.sh >> $HOME/tmp/out 2>&1

Now you should create send_email.sh script. Something like this:

#!/bin/bash

recipients="user0@domain.com user1@domain.com user2@domain.com"
subject="...Subject..."

cat $HOME/email_message | mail -s $subject $recipients

$HOME/email_message is the message (file) you want to send.

Don't forget to grant execute access for the script:

chmod +x $HOME/scripts/send_email.sh


no web page can be opened when wifi ap created and connected by android phone

I see that you are allowing the traffic in the forward table of your iptables configuration however this is only in fact used when IP forwarding is in fact enabled for the interfaces in question.

By default ubuntu and in fact most linux distributions that I have seen disable IP forwarding for security which is in fact a sane default since this is only actually needed if your box is a router, in this case that is exactly what you are setting up so you must enable IP forwarding.

In the file /etc/sysctl.conf you need to uncomment this line:

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

If you also wanted to forward IPv6 traffic you would need to uncomment this line too and set up the proper IPv6 configuration with the prefix assigned by your ISP.

net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1

These will ensure the correct setting are set on boot if you want to avoid rebooting you can use commands like the following to enable forwarding immediately for the current session

For IPv4:

sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.[interface].forwarding=1

For IPv6:

sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.[interface].forwarding=1

Where [interface] is the name of the interface on which to enable forwarding this will need to be enabled for both the interface which connects to the internet so traffic can be forwarded back to the wireless network and for the interface connected to the wireless network.

Additionally your MASQUERADE rule looks incorrect to me it should MASQUERADE for traffic going out of the interface which connects to the internet and not traffic outbound to the wireless clients which is what you have.

Thus if your internet router is connected to the PC by Ethernet your rule will probably look something like this:

sudo iptables --table nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

Where eth0 is the interface which is connected towards the internet.

As for the error from hostapd hw_mode=n is invalid the configuration should be as follows:

hw_mode=g
ieee80211n=1

Thus 802.11n will be automatically negotiated if both devices support it, you can force the requirement for 802.11n at the cost of preventing some devices that don't support it from connecting at all with the following:

require_ht=1

I hope that helps if not I can try to help more but this is how I have mine configured and it works happily with all my android and fireOS devices.

Edit: Sorry just saw that you tried changing to hw_mode=n in response to the comment you had it right in the first place though I'd recommend allowing 802.11n for compatible devices with the ieee80211n=1 option since the card you have supports it and it will enable n capable devices to operate at higher speeds while still supporting less capable wireless clients as long as you don't force it (The require_ht=1 flag would disconnect non 802.11n capable clients). There isn't any reason to force it however as 802.11n and 802.11g can be supported simultaneously.


where does snap store user data for apps that have been removed

When you uninstall a snap, a snapshot that contains a copy of your user, system and configuration data is automatically created, and will be retained for 31 days before being automatically removed. This data is stored in a zip file under the directory /var/lib/snapd/snapshots.

Use the snap saved command to list saved snapshots. The first column indicates the ID of the snapshot. All snaps for which a snapshot was taken on a specific time will share the same ID. The "auto" annotation in the last column of the output indicates that the snapshot was automatically created. You can restore a snapshot with snap restore ID.

See the documentation for more information on snapshots.


How do I limit administrative tasks for normal users?

Only users that have an "Administrator" account can use sudo, other users can't.  By default only the first user (created during install) has "Administrator" rights.  You can also change the account type at any time using the configuration panel for user accounts (but of course only a user with an "Administrator" account can change it ;) ).

Technical implementation detail: Ubuntu uses membership of the usergroup admin to determine if a user has "administrator rights".


How to remove the mail/IM icon from the notification area?

Find applications listed in the indicator here:

ls /usr/share/indicators/messages/applications

you can easily remove/rename them.


Fresh Ubuntu install, problems with existing partitions

it depends on you whether you want to format them or not, if you do format them you will lose all the data. If you'd like to create right partitions only for Ubuntu you can read this article about required and optional partitions in Ubuntu: DiskSpace/Partitioning


Is there any invariable hardware system identifier in Ubuntu/Linux

As our Self-Appointed Benevolent Dictator for Life would say: Note to content owners: DRM doesn’t work.

Essentially, there is no reliable way of doing DRM (including the license key technique you are probably using). Instead it might be a much better approach to provide an easy way to buy the product to a reasonable price. This will probably result in a much easier code base for you, an easier distribution process, upgrade process and in the end happier users.

A good example is OSMOS: you can buy the game online, and download it from then on for as many computers, architectures as you need and want. And they have a lot of happy users with this solution.

Another example is the Ubuntu One Music store (which I love) and where it is so easy to buy and sync music that I never again had the feeling that it might be easier to download a song from an illegal source.


Ubuntu does not detect any usb port, wifi, ethernet or webcam

Try to find drivers manually for usb, webcam and wifi.

Go to ubuntu setting-->Softwares and Updates--> Then click on..Additional drivers.

It will show lists of drivers, just select relevant drivers, It will start installing.


What computer-assisted translation (CAT) software is available?

From the list shown on the wikipedia page for Computer Assisted Translation, I successfully used on Ubuntu :

the local application POEdit (in a single user context)
the web server Pootle (for a multi user/multi project context).


Need help installing plugin from source with make

The problem was, was that in the read-me, he states that "gimp-dev" package needs to be installed for plugin compilation for Gimp. I looked for that but it has a different name on ubuntu.packages.com(and Debian) called libgimp2.0-dev. Worked after installation of that. Contacted the developer on GitHub and he responded and will update in the future release. Thanks


problem when upgrading from 12.10 to 13.04

I wouldn't worry if I were you, that is what you get when you try to refresh you package list.
That's what sudo apt-get update does.
However I guess that the installation adds new sources and rerun sudo apt-get update and there is the problem.

I would advice you to wait or try to get a better (wired?) connection and then retry.
Maybe try sudo apt-get update in a terminal even if I think since the upgrade has aborted, it should have removed the new sources for raring.

My guess would be that to many people are upgrading so the server failed to respond.


Installing 3rd party software on 16.04 LTS no root access

Quick Answer:

You can install 3rd party software on 16.04 LTS by using root access.

The first user account created on the computer has root access by preceding the command with sudo.

This same user also has access to grant the root power to any other user, intended to be able to manage the system, such as installing software.

The process of how to install a third party software depends on the method the third-party software provider has provided for installing their software.

Method #1

Very common ways are providing a *.deb file.  It could be installed by using the GUI Ubuntu Software package, but since you are referring to using terminal commands, the process for installing a *.deb file is:

$ sudo dpkg -i [packagename].deb

in that case, package name is replaced by the name of the deb file.

Method #2

Another common method third-parties use for distributing their software is in the form of a PPA.  The distributor will provide instructions for installing their package.  In this case, the method is these commands.

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:[repository]/[ppaapplication]
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt install [ppaapplication]

Method #3

Another method is to provide an applicaton.run file.  Third-party programs distributed by this method is usually packaged in a tar archive or a compressed tar archive.  As mentioned above, the third-party provider will provide a method for installing their application.  The instructions are usually contained in the archive by the name of install.txt or Readme.txt.  Those files will contain steps for installing such as:

$ sudo chmod +x [application].run
$ sudo ./[application].run

In this case [applicaton] is the name of the application being installed.

Some third-party providers will provide an archive source of their package that the user can create their own binaries.  This method can take a lot of work.  It will include instructions of which packages the source will depend on for being installed.  The user will have to study the list from the particular package and proceed according to the list.  It's common that this distribution method will include a ./configure script to check the user's system and provide an output of what is needed to continue.  It's unlikely that a default Ubuntu install will have all the packages that the program will need, including as you mentioned in your question the version of the c++ compiler.  The output of the program will show what it's looking for and what is missing.  You would then install that application then run ./configure again.  You may have to run it between 5 and 10 time and more, getting a little further on each run, until it finishes with success.  The configure script will create a Makefile when it completes successfully.  The readme file will tell you what to do from there, which would be these steps:

$ ./configure
$ make
$ sudo make install

The last of the three lines is the command to install the third-party application you have compiled.

The last method can take a lot of work, where even a very experienced programmer could spend days to get the process completed.  It would depend on how well the developer of the third-party program provider has programmed their code and process.  If the third-party program developer has done a good enough job with the portability to the system it's intended for it could take minutes for anyone including a first computer user.

I'm sure I understand your question and hope I have made it clear for you.  Each third party program is unique and would depend on the instructions provided by the third-party program distributor.

Non-Third-party method (Programs from the repostory)

All the non-third-party programs can be installed the same way:

$ sudo apt install [programname]

Important Note:

If you have a question or a problem with a specific program you'll have to create a question by the subject of the program and include in your question any error or problems that you get while working with that specific program.


You just need to remove the totem browser plugin:

sudo apt-get purge totem-mozilla

And you should try to install Flash Player from Software Center (or try installing flashplugin-installer)


It is a problem of pycuda.
setup.py of pycuda checks nvcc command and guesses a root directory of CUDA.

https://github.com/inducer/pycuda/blob/master/setup.py#L30

..., and then it sets include directory of CUDA.

https://github.com/inducer/pycuda/blob/master/setup.py#L93

All you need is set path correctly before pip.

PATH=/usr/local/cuda-7.0/bin:$PATH
pip install chainer-cuda-deps

Please try it!


Sounds like you just need to install grub to the USB to boot from it.  You can try it out before doing that by running

sudo update-grub

and the new USB system should be found and added to the grub menu.  Try it out.  If you want to boot from the USB, run

sudo grub-install /dev/sdx

where x is your actual device, and change the BIOS boot order to boot from USB before the hard disk..


problems with wubi-installed ubuntu freezing, error reports not sending, programs crashing unexpectedly

From what you seem to have posted such as:

computer freezes often for no apparent reason and has to be rebooted
upon reboot, message appears saying "errors were found when checking disk drive for '/'"
documents will not open in libreoffice

These make me think that for some reason or other you hard drive is being unmounted from time to time while you're using Ubuntu, it could be a hardware issue such as a faulty connection to your Hard-Drive, however seeing as you also have a:

message appears saying that Ubuntu has experienced an internal error, but 'report a problem' program always crashes before completion

I'd assume it's more of a software issue, so if I were you I'd back up all of your files in your Ubuntu partition on an external hard drive and reinstall Ubuntu in the same place. A fresh install does the job 99% of the time unless its a hardware issue with your netbook.

Also as a precautionary measure, whenever I mess around with Operating Systems and Booting related things I always make a full back-up of all my partitions, might be over the top and I've only every had a "losing all my files on a partition" problem once, but when I did have it, I was pretty glad I'd been backing up my files as all I had to do was recopy them into the freshly installed Ubuntu OS.

So bottom line, its good practice to back-up regularly (especially if you have bugs with your OS not being able to read files and more worryingly errors concerning the root "/") and even moreso if you're installing an OS. But I'd reinstall if I were in your situation, seeing as those bugs could be so many different things and finding a solution to all of them separately could take you a while.


I suspect the drives, or still more likely, the SATA control chips on the motherboard  are periodically overheating and protecting themselves by timing out rather than risking damage.

Ordinarily winter is not the season when I encounter overheating issues, but in this case it seems possible.  If you have an accessory fan you can direct at the motherboard, you could try that.  Also please examine it closely for accumulated dust.  Even a thin layer of accumulated dust on chips and heatsinks can represent significant insulation.


How to find manually installed packages?

With this suggestion, I'm assuming your old installation will still boot!

To replicate one set of packages on another machine:

On System A, run:

dpkg --get-selections | grep -v deinstall > my-selections

Move the my-selections file over to System B.

On System B, run:

dpkg --set-selections < my-selections

and then:

sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade

Important note: if you have installed packages from non-standard repositories and/or PPAs, you will also want to copy /etc/apt/sources.list and the contents of /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ from System A to System B before you run the upgrade.

You can use dpkg to see what you've removed as well (NB: this will also include packages that you manually installed and removed):

dpkg --get-selections | grep deinstall

You can see your results in the terminal, or, of course, redirect to a file.


Can I use Ubuntu to reinstall Windows from a recovery disk?

You can use another large USB pendrive to install Ubuntu to, and this will get your laptop working again.  You will just have to boot off the installed pendrive and run off that.  If you have something like an SD card reader in the laptop you can also do the same thing for a large SD card.

In the long term you can get the hard drive in the laptop replaced and you will be able to install Ubuntu to the hard drive, which will boot and run much faster than the USB pendrive.  It sounds like you may need to have the optical drive replaced as well.

If you want you can approach the OEM who manufactured your laptop and ask for a set of Windows installation disks for your laptop.  You will need to provide them with the full model number off the label on the bottome (not just the general model number) and they may charge you a fee for providing and shipping the disks to you.


How to update Adobe Flash Player in Kubuntu latest update

You should just install the latest version from the Ubuntu repositories. It is a lot easier and normally they keep this one up-to-date with new Linux Flash releases.

To install it run the command sudo apt-get install flashplugin-installer


How to set serial ports uart to none for lirc?

You can create /etc/serial.conf and put lines like

/dev/ttyS0 uart none

into it. /etc/init.d/etc-setserial reads this file. The setserial binary is part of the setserial package, which is a dependency of the lirc package, so it should be automatically installed.


MAAS Node on Dell PowerEdge 710 & 2950 Hardware Crashes After Enlisting

I abandoned this effort and went with a Mirantis Distribution of OpenStack using Fuel for hardware provisioning.  Worked like a champ.


What are these errors in starting bless in Ubuntu?

I think this is a normal, I notice same output even bless is working fine.

Anyway if you want just to get rid of those warnings you can do this:

mkdir -p '/home/masi/.config/bless/plugins'
touch "/home/masi/.config/bless/export_patterns"

Now you can run bless without those output warnings, But as i told you above, i used it long time ago and works just fine even with those warnings


How many maximum GPUs can Ubuntu handle?

With the new Mining boards, you can handle on the moment actually 15 GPU on Linux Ubuntu. The problem is the Mainboard, not the Ubuntu Linux OS. Each GPU you give 8 GB ECC RAM also. The best config on the moment is 14 GPU on the System.

7 Cards you linking to th CPU 0 and the other 7 to CPU 1. Also the memory: 64 GB for CPU 0 and 64 GB for CPU 1. So you have 16 GB for the OS and the rest can handle with the GPU. Also remember, no overclocking on the GPU Cards. If you working with 1300 Mhz your GPU Card also with 1300 Mhz. So you can using Card memory plus 8 GB from the Main Ram of the Server. Also please using Xenon CPU. The have many features as Hardwarecoded included.
friendly regards
edgar+


Is it possible to connect my phone via bluetooth and then call through the computer?

It may work with scrcpy over TCP/IP (Display and control your Android device) and the tool sndcpy (Android audio forwarding (scrcpy, but for audio)). I have not yet time to test it myself, though.
A discussion regarding forwarding audio and scrcpy you can find on the Github page of scrcpy, other suggestions was to use scrcpy and use bluetooth for audio.


USB 3.0 External Drive with LUKS encoding will not be mounted

Finally I resolved this issue, and figured I would post back for anyone who happens to find this years from now.

Initially, I was unable to read the LUKS encrypted disk for some unknown reason. While investigating this issue I stupidly added the line:

blacklist uas

to the file /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf without knowing what it meant after seeing it recommended online.

Once I plugged into a Windows machine and reformatted the drive to NTFS, my original computer still couldn't load the drive, although my other Linux machine could. I realized that it must be a configuration error (not an issue with the drive). After lots of searching, I found that there was no driver being assigned to the USB drive, which then led me down a deep rabbit hole, in which someone luckily mentioned the /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf file in passing, and I thought the file location looked familiar. Once I removed that line, the drive worked perfectly again.

I will be keeping it as an NTFS drive, because there is now support to password-protect backups, and that's all I really wanted in the first place.


I installed and (tried to) uninstall KDE Plasma, now Unity is messed up

I have fixed the cursor problem by deleting the breeze cursor theme folders from the /usr/share/icons folder

sudo rm -r /usr/share/icons/breeze*


How to ensure Ubuntu is using all my cores

You can probably test your CPUs by running a CPU-intensive process and watching the System Monitor or some equivalent. If you don't find the system monitor or want an alternative, try this thread for more details.


Fan constantly on, Dell Inspiron 15R, Ubuntu 12.04

I have the same notebook as yours, and the solution for me was 'i8kutils'. In this package the script 'i8kmon' is for automatic control.

Some tips are:

Put ENABLED=1 in /etc/default/i8kmon
Put set config(auto)        1 in /etc/i8kmon.conf

I hope it helps.


How to downgrade from LibreOffice 4.0 to 3.6?

For me this worked:

sudo apt-get install synaptic
sudo apt-get purge libreoffice*
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get autoremove

Then remove ppa for LibreOffice4
Add ppa for LibreOffice3.6

sudo apt-get update

via synaptic reinstall packages which make problems for me it was libexttextcat

Install LibreOffice via synaptic.


What's the difference between ls and la? Why do they give the same output?

la is an alias to ls -A defined in ~/.bashrc file in Ubuntu.

It only shows the same output if you have no hidden files or directories.

ls -A shows hidden files and directories.


Where are my tray icons in the Unity 2D panel?

To enable the Notification Area (Systray) for all applications, run the following command:

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Panel systray-whitelist "['all']"

You can only whitelist a certain application if you want, by using the following command:

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Panel systray-whitelist "['JavaEmbeddedFrame', 'Mumble', 'Wine', 'Skype', 'hp-systray', 'YOUR_APPLICATION']"

The above command includes the already whitelisted (by default) applications so you should replace YOUR_APPLICATION with the application you want to whitelist.


After installing the package ubuntustudio-font-meta through

sudo apt-get install ubuntustudio-font-meta

everything seems to work fine. The Japanese and the Korean characters are displaying correctly, as well as the Chinese, Vietnamese and IPA.

Wikipedia mentions some language support packages for Debian/Ubuntu here.


How do I get firefox 4 on my Lucid Lynx ? I tried to install it using Synaptic Package Manager but can't find the latest version i.e. 4

The latest version of Firefox is available for as a security updates in all supported releases of Ubuntu, just doing a normal update will pull it in.

How do I install the latest stable version of Firefox?

Usually it's available within a few hours of Mozilla's announcement, sometimes faster, depending on the archive builders, and the speed of your local mirror, etc.


I recently switched from Manjaro to Ubuntu 18.10
A few things:
a) for touchscreen:
You must follow these steps:

git clone https://github.com/onitake/gslx680-acpi
cd gslx680-acpi
make

and then load module

insmod ./gslx680_ts_acpi.ko

Running dmesg should produce some output if the device was matched by the driver. You should also see a message from the input subsystem that a new input device was added.

More info on https://github.com/onitake/gslx680-acpi.


How to move title bar buttons to the left in Pantheon/Gala?

First you need to install dconf-editor.

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Open dconf and navigate to:  org -> pantheon -> desktop -> gala -> appearance

Change button-layout from close:maximize to close,minimize:maximize or close,minimize,maximize: depending on whether or not to want to keep the maximize button on the right.

If you want to move the buttons to the right, like in Gnome or KDE, change the value of button-layout to :maximize,minimize,close


Droidcam - error inserting module / v4l2loopback problem - Ubuntu 20.04

I had the same problem last weeks and I was finally able to solve it by disabling Secure Boot. It is not advisable to do so, but I was really getting annoyed by not being able to install DroidCam, and wasn't able to find how to properly path Security Keys.
In my case, I disabled Secure Boot following the steps in "Method 2" in the next webpage:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UEFI/SecureBoot/DKMS
Then, I uninstalled and installed again DroidCam, following closely every step in the page. And that was all, now I can use with ease my Android as a Webcam in my Xubuntu Laptop.
Hope this helps!


How to install Ubuntu version 19.10 on a external disk directly from an Ubuntu 19.10 machine without using a bootable USB drive?

USB or DVD easiest

I think it is easiest to boot a live USB system from a USB pendrive or DVD disk, and run the installer from there.

Grub-n-ISO alias ISO-boot

'Grub-n-ISO' is an alternative when you have an iso file with the version that you want to install in your internal drive.

You can point to it in a file /etc/grub.d/40_custom and run

sudo update-grub

to make it active by copying the menuentry into /boot/grub/grub.cfg
See the following links to Ubuntu help pages,

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/ISOBoot

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/ISOBoot/Examples

Example of menuentry for Ubuntu 19.10, where the ISO file is located in the /iso folder of the partition /dev/sda5 alias (hd0,5) in grub. Modify to match your case.

menuentry "Ubuntu 19.10 Desktop iso" {
   set isofile="/iso/ubuntu-19.10-desktop-amd64.iso"
   loopback loop (hd0,5)$isofile
   linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile noprompt noeject
   initrd (loop)/casper/initrd
}

After rebooting you can select this new grub menuentry and boot into a live system, when you have the installer and you can install Ubuntu to your external drive.
There are reports of a bug with grub version 2.04, that makes it difficult or impossible to use this method, but it works with grub version 2.02.


How do I get a UGA iTek ITUGA17D1 DisplayLink USB adaptor to work?

You will need to install the xserver-xorg-video-displaylink package to get this device working.  I am unsure whether it can handle 1920x1080, and suspect that the limited current state of XRandR support for this driver will make it difficult to use at 1080x1920.  That said, please try, and if it doesn't work, file bugs on launchpad: there's some chance that with sufficient debugging information, it can be made to work.

Note that you will need to manually configure an xorg.conf file to support this device: an example configuration (for a different displaylink device) is available in /usr/share/doc/xserver-xorg-video/displaylink/examples


Windows, by default, does not have the capabilities to view Linux filesystems (Ext4 formatted). Linux, however, can view both NTFS and FAT32, the standards for Windows. Unless the concern is being able to access the disk at all, the data on the Linux disk shouldn't be changed by Windows unless someone explicitly intends to, either by formatting the disk or installing the necessary software to view/change ext4 filesystems.

As for the reverse, Windows by default does not perform a full shutdown, opting instead to enter something called a "hybrid sleep", which decreases boot times. A side effect of this is that it does not unmount disks it uses; you can view this disk from your Linux install, but if you try to make changes it won't let you, because unless you changed this setting in Windows the drive is mounted as "read only".

If the goal is to prevent any interaction between the devices whatsoever, pretty much the only option is encryption. Bitlocker for Windows, but a reinstall is required for Ubuntu. Worth noting that this still does not prevent formatting, just access to the contents of the hard drive.


Codeblocks C++ project won't build or run

Your C++ program is not running in Code::Blocks because you do not have a C++ compiler (a version of G++) installed, or if it is installed you have not configured the C++ compiler in the Code::Blocks compiler settings. The C++ compiler is not configured for any version of g++ by default, so it has to be configured in the Code::Blocks compiler settings.

Install the g++ compiler for C++

sudo apt install g++ xterm

Optionally install gcc too if it is not already installed.

sudo apt install gcc

Start Code::Blocks.
Select Settings -> Compiler -> Global compiler settings (large blue gear icon in the left pane) -> Toolchain executables tab.
Select the Program Files tab. It has already been selected in the below screenshot.
Click the .. button(s) which are marked by the mouse cursor in the below screenshot. Navigate to /usr/bin. The C compiler should be gcc, the C++ compiler should be g++ and the Linker for dynamic libs should be g++.
Click the     OK     button to close the Compiler settings window.

Note: It is permissible to install later versions of gcc and g++ from the default Ubuntu repositories alongside gcc and g++ and select them instead of gcc and g++ in the Code::Blocks compiler settings. The latest versions of gcc and g++ in 19.10 and 20.04 are gcc-9 and g++-9.


autofs falling back to nfs version 3 instead of using 4

There is a difference between specifying the path between NFS 3 and NFS 4. In my case I had to leave out the export. Additionally, I added the minorversion but that's not the point.
foo   -fstype=nfs,rw,nfsvers=4,minorversion=2   1.2.3.4:/foo

After that nfsstat -m reports:
...
Flags:  rw,relatime,vers=4.2,rsize=131072,wsi...
...


What IRC client(s) would allow me to filter out log messages?

Pidgin has a "Join/Part" plugin that allows you to control filtering of these messages.

The types of controls include filtering based on time away and number of people in the room.

Just go to the Buddy List, then Tools->Plugins and tick "Join/Part".  Hit the "Configure Plugin" button for extra control.


Dell Inspiron 11-3162 Home | End | PgUp | PgDn keys not working

I have seen the same problem with this model laptop after installing 16.04. The showkey command showed key presses but no key releases for the fn+arrow keys. I think it was a problem with a specific kernel version as the problem went away after an update and reboot.


You cannot record the ttys because they do not run on the X server. You will need to use Virtual box to run a virtual instance of Ubuntu and record the console using that. Virtualbox can run your virtual system fullscreen.


Are we affected by the JAVA vulnerability? Are all "applets" affected?

The Department of Homeland Security has warned about Java and had this suggestion:

  Solution

  Disable Java in web browsers

  This and previous Java vulnerabilities have been widely targeted by
  attackers, and new Java vulnerabilities are likely to be discovered.
  To defend against this and future Java vulnerabilities, consider
  disabling Java in web browsers until adequate updates are available.
  As with any software, unnecessary features should be disabled or
  removed as appropriate for your environment.

  Starting with Java 7 Update 10, it is possible to disable Java content
  in web browsers through the Java control panel applet. From Setting
  the Security Level of the Java Client:

  For installations where the highest level of security is required, it
  is possible to entirely prevent any Java apps (signed or unsigned)
  from running in a browser by de-selecting Enable Java content in the
  browser in the Java Control Panel under the Security tab.

  If you are unable to update to Java 7 Update 10 please see the
  solution section of Vulnerability Note VU#636312 for instructions on
  how to disable Java on a per-browser basis.

Re: Are we in trouble?
It depends on the user's knowledge. This exploit seems to be a social engineering exploit and therefore may need active co-operation of the user to succeed. It's quite possible that a moderately savvy user can retain an active Java and not fall prey to the current exploit.

What about all those applets for network manager and the other stuff on the top right side of our screens? Will they vanish if I remove Java?
Not all applets have to do with Java. Applet could just be a diminutive term. This definition may clear your doubts:

  a small application program that can be called up for use while
  working in another application

Also, how do I know which Java is on my computer?
Check out How can I tell what version of Java I have installed?


Install Ubuntu Desktop on ARM tablet like Aquaris

Installing ubuntu natively is not possible due to hardware limitations, but you should take a look at the Debian Noroot app or the Linux Deploy + BusyBox + some vnc app combination. (I recommend bVNC)

You can read many further options here: http://www.androidauthority.com/install-ubuntu-on-your-android-smartphone-765408/


resize Ubuntu Partition to install windows alongside

You have an tutorial here : http://www.howtogeek.com/114503/how-to-resize-your-ubuntu-partitions/ , did you try ?

Be carreful, nou need boot to live CD/USB

Else, you can try this : How can I resize an LVM partition? (i.e: physical volume)


Printing works from Writer but not Evince/Okular etc. (Filter error)

I found a solution:

I've uninstalled hplip: sudo apt-get remove hplip
Delete the printer.
Add the printer again.

There is a bug inside the package hplip which is supposed to provide drivers for HP printers.
Now it works but in another hand I do not have all the functionality for my printer.


Run script instead of opening Application (xdg-mime, gvfs-mime)

With the use of .desktop files, I finally got it working. Here is my solution:

create script to upload magnet link to PC running transmission:

test -z $1 && echo "need magnet link!" && exit
HOST=
PORT=
USER=
PASS=#apparently ";" does not work
LINK="$1"
#add torrent paused?
#PAUSED="true"
PAUSED="false"
SESSID=$(curl --silent --anyauth --user $USER:$PASS "http://$HOST:$PORT/transmission/rpc" | sed 's/.*//g;s/.*//g')
curl --silent --anyauth --user $USER:$PASS --header "$SESSID" "http://$HOST:$PORT/transmission/rpc" -d "{\"method\":\"torrent-add\",\"arguments\":{\"paused\":${PAUSED},\"filename\":\"${LINK}\"}}"

[sorry, the formatting is horrible. can't get it to work. "<code>" and other chars inside the codeblock get interpreted and are NOT DISPLAYED. please check the link for full script code: https://blog.flo.cx/2011/02/how-to-open-magnet-links-on-a-remote-transmission-daemon-with-one-click/ ]

create .desktop file which executes the above script and place the file in /usr/share/applications/:

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=MagnetLinkTransfer
Comment=executes script to upload magnet link to desktop pc
Exec=/home/username/MagnetLinkTransfer.sh %u
Icon=utilities-terminal
Terminal=true
Type=Application
Categories=Application;

note the %u as argument for execute script!

set action/application for xdg-open

xdg-mime default MagnetLinkTransfer.desktop x-scheme-handler/magnet
gvfs-mime --set x-scheme-handler/magnet MagnetLinkTransfer.desktop


Ubuntu hangs while restoring deja-dup backup

You're trying to restore system files to their original location meaning that they may overwrite files that are currently in use by the kernel. Don't do that! Either

restore your files to a different location than the root directory (/),
restore them from a different system (e. g. a live DVD/USB) onto the root file system of the target drive, or
restore only the files from the back-up that you need.


How apt-get selects from a list of alternative dependencies?

In the Debian Policy Manual, Chapter 7 - Declaring relationships between packages you can read

  In the Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Pre-Depends, Build-Depends and
  Build-Depends-Indep control fields of the package, which declare
  dependencies on other packages, the package names listed may also
  include lists of alternative package names, separated by vertical bar
  (pipe) symbols |. In such a case, if any one of the alternative
  packages is installed, that part of the dependency is considered to be
  satisfied.

I cannot find any other useful information about list of alternatives in the whole document, so I should conclude that, in case none of the packages in the list is already installed, the first one in the list would be chosen. But be aware that this is only my interpretation.


Remove parenthesis and brackets from multiple directories

You can use rename to remove any of those characters wherever they occur with alternation

rename -n 's/\(|\[|\]|\)//g' *

You need to escape the brackets and parentheses.

Remove -n after testing to really do the renaming.

To remove all the characters within brackets or parentheses

rename -n 's/\(.*\)|\[.*\]//g' *

To also remove spaces (to change (1234) ABC [xyz] to ABC)

rename -n 's/\(.*\)|\[.*\]| //g' *


Supported frequencies   : 800 1600 1800 MHz

This is telling you what frequencies the CPU core allows. If you don't use these, cpupowerd will refuse to change the frequencies. Try using instead:

sudo ./cpupowerd --freq "0|1800"
sudo ./cpupowerd --freq "0|1600"
sudo ./cpupowerd --freq "0|800"

Also, remember that not all cores allow overclocking, which is what I suspect it's happening.


Shrink Windows Partition, Extend Linux Partition

Disk Management has some restrictions. You can only shrink a partition or volume up to half of its free space, and you can only extend a partition having contiguous unallocated space to the right of it. Disk management cannot extend a basic partition using an unallocated space to its left. You can use a third party disk manager software, such as aomei partition assistant, to resize partition.


how to fix very low sound in xubuntu 14.04?

You have 2 sound devices on your pc:
first one is HDMI output, second one is the main device (HDA Intel pch).

If the main sound card (HDA Intel pch) is not shown in standard "sound settings" (i don't know  if you have such setting  in xubuntu):

Install and run pavucontrol (Pulseaudio volume control), go in "output device" tab, scroll down to main soundcard , set its volume and check "mute" state .
If no luck, try   to launch Alsamixer in a terminal,  press F6, select 2nd sound card and increase all volumes (with arrow keys) and check mute state (press "m" to mute/unmute).


try following commands:

sudo apt-get install libc6=2.26-0ubuntu2
sudo apt-get install g++


It looks like wily has been moved.

http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/wily-updates/

http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/wily-security/


Execute terminal command without opening terminal

You can try to transform your alias in an executable and put it in your path.

For example you can put it in /usr/local/bin, that should be already in your path.

Then you can launch that program by pressing AltF2 and entering the executable name.


I keep getting Spotify "can't play this" error in Ubuntu 20.04

I recently encountered this issue on my new Ubuntu system i.e 20.04.
The solution is pretty simple,

Go to Ubuntu App Store
Go to installed apps
Find and click on Spotify
Click on permissions on the top right
In the play and record option, select anyone provided there, for me i tried "pulseaudio:service" firstly and it worked like a charm.


FIXED - I wanted to share the solution just in case anyone else goes through the nightmare I went through in order to get dual monitors working on 16.04 or 16.10. I spent the better part of a weekend and my week outside of work on this...

I have an on-board video card (not used) + AMD/ATI RV730XT [Radeon HD 4670] with DVI/VGA connectors to 2 - Dell 23" monitors.

1.) Go to additional drivers and select "Do not use the device" for "Unknown: unknown".
2.) Open display application, if you are like me you will see 2 boxes. One that says "Dell 23" and another that says "Unknown display".
3.) Click "Dell 23" box. Now a third box will magically appear and you will be left with 3 boxes total that say "Dell 23", "Dell 23", and "Unknown display".
4.) Click the "Dell 23" that does not contain the launcher placement and turn this monitor off.
5.) Now enable the "Unknown: unknown" display.
6.) Click apply and the 2nd monitor will turn on magically. Whew!

I'm not sure there is any logic whatsoever in this process, but it ended up fixing my issue and I now have dual monitors working in Ubuntu.


Nautilus description versus /usr/share/applications file directory

The reply by @green7 is OK if you like the terminal.

However, this can be done directly from Nautilus, although it requires a script.

I have written the script for you. I don't know how to attach a script to this answer, so please download it from my file area.
Save this file to the following folder:
~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts
This means the folder nautilus-scripts within .gnome2 inside your home folder. Note the . in front of .gnome2; this means it is a hidden file, and you need to press Ctrl+H within Nautilus to be able to see it. If the nautilus-scripts folder doesn't exist, create it.
Once you have saved the script there, you need to make it executable. Right-click the file in Nautilus, select Properties > Permissions > Allow executing file as program > Close.
Finally, you have to close Nautilus and re-open it (you may have to log out and in again, although I don't think you do).

Now, to use the script, use Nautilus to find those desktop files again. Select one or more of them > right-click > Scripts > Show .desktop name.

An example is shown below.

.


execute shell script from desktop in xfce

You have misspelling in the first line of your .desktop file

[Deskto Entry]

should be

[Desktop Entry]


Where do I find Python 2.7 on Ubuntu 16?

Both Python 2 and 3 come pre-installed with Ubuntu by default. There is no need to compile from source.

To open python2, just run:

python

And to open python3, just run:

python3

To find the location of the python2 binary, just run:

which python

And to find the location of the python3 binary:

which python3


Openstack autopilot-Firewall pending create

Please see the following for the official word on the Openstack "Autopilot" offering in the Landscape tool:

https://insights.ubuntu.com/2014/11/06/putting-your-openstack-on-autopilot/

Specifically, Here is the text from Canonical:

  Thanks for your interest in Ubuntu OpenStack. Canonical has sunsetted
  OpenStack Autopilot and replaced it with conjure-up. We welcome you to
  visit our OpenStack product page to find an Ubuntu OpenStack solution
  that meets your needs.


How to change default pastie indicator icon?

Answer quoted from here:

If you place the icon you desire to use in ~/.pastie/, the program should use it.
If there isn’t any icon there, pastie will default to gtk-paste.

The icon in ~/.pastie/ should be named pastie.svg (“svg” can be any other kind of usable type of image), though.


Dual monitor applications opening on wrong monitor

If you do not have CompizConfig, install it (you need it anyway).

sudo apt install -y compizconfig-settings-manager

Go to CompizConfig Settings Manager > Window Management > Place Windows (make sure that this plugin is checked). Under the General tab you see the option Multi Output Mode. You have options like: Use Active Output Device, or Use Output Device with Pointer etc.


Installed Ubuntu next to Windows but can't find Windows

I think you destroyed the disk partition, but it's possible to rescue some files.

Use a Rescue CD and try testdisk in console. This program scans the hard disk for lost files and partitions.

Good luck.


undelete files on ext4 with folder structure and everything

Did you try testdisk. I have used Testdisk beofore to recover folder structures. http://www.bootmed.com/bootmed/tutorials-11/how-to-recover-deleted-files-with-testdisk/


I would try to confirm that it is indeed Google Chrome itself causing the problem. When you see the popup, try running

sudo netstat -taup | grep rdsrv.com

If the request is indeed coming from chrome, than try another reinstall, but use purge if you have not already. Also, make sure you are installing it from the offical repository.

sudo apt-get purge google-chrome-stable && sudo apt-get autoremove && sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable

The purge option will make sure that all remnants of the old install are removed. You may wish to check your system's integrity with tools such as clamav, rkhunter, or chkrootkit, but usually all you will get are false positives. If the problem still persists after a full reinstall, perhaps try the open source chromium-browser instead. Personally, I think it's better.

You may also want to try installing the Ablock-Plus and ScriptBlock plugins to prevent these kinds of things from happening in the first place.

Also try connecting to a different network and see if the problem persists. Perhaps you are behind an infected router. I see that the domain in question belongs to godaddy.com so you could inform them about this abuse case. If none of that works, please report back.


Ubuntu shell - export to file only executables

You can use the following command to execute size on all execute-ables files:

find . -executable -type f | xargs size

The find command will find all execute-ables files under the current directory
xargs will send the result list of files to be processed by the size command

You can use the following command to execute size on all execute-ables files which doesn't ends with .sh:

find . -executable -type f  | grep -v '\.sh$' |  xargs size

The command grep -v '\.sh$'  will remove all files ends with .sh from the list


Have you tried this?

sudo rm /usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mono-dark/apps/48/steam_tray.png
sudo gtk-update-icon-cache --ignore-theme-index -f /usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mono-dark

Or if you did the tutorial for the Light theme:

sudo rm /usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mono-light/apps/48/steam_tray.png
sudo gtk-update-icon-cache --ignore-theme-index -f /usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mono-light

Maybe using the parameter --force in the gtk-update-icon-cache could help also.


Can Rsync get incremental on files it hasn't touched yet?

It will work. Look at man rsync and the --update option. If you use -u it will totally skip files that have a newer timestamp on the destination. If you don't use -u it will checksum the files and sync them if there's a difference (there will be in your case). So don't use -u in your rsync invocation.

Also, why not try to be empirical? Instead of just asking, why don't you try it with a smaller file? experiment!


PHP mysqli extension in Ubuntu 16.04 not working after upgrade to version 7.0.6

Without more information I can only describe general causes:

php7.0-mysql package is not installed, to fix run sudo apt-get install php-mysql
mysqli module got somehow disabled, to fix run phpenmod mysqli
You are using different web SAPI PHP version than you have PHP CLI, f.e. you might have installed libapache2-mod-php5.6 with php7.0-cli
Your Apache 2.x configuration contains different PHP FPM version (f.e. php5.6-fpm package) and Apache2 module (f.e. libapache2-mod-php7.0).  Disable the FPM by running: a2disconf php5.5-fpm.
The web SAPI, you are using for web has different configuration file and thus mysqli module is not loaded, to fix add extension=mysqli.so to this custom configuration file
something else is broken and you should lookup for log messages indicating what's broken

To get more diagnostics:

run `php -r 'phpinfo();' and check the output for MySQL references:

$ php -r 'phpinfo();' | grep -i mysqli
/etc/php/5.6/cli/conf.d/20-mysqli.ini,
mysqli
MysqlI Support => enabled
mysqli.allow_local_infile => On => On
mysqli.allow_persistent => On => On
mysqli.default_host => no value => no value
mysqli.default_port => 3306 => 3306
mysqli.default_pw => no value => no value
mysqli.default_socket => no value => no value
mysqli.default_user => no value => no value
mysqli.max_links => Unlimited => Unlimited
mysqli.max_persistent => Unlimited => Unlimited
mysqli.reconnect => Off => Off
mysqli.rollback_on_cached_plink => Off => Off
API Extensions => mysql,mysqli,pdo_mysql

Do the same with the web, create a simple page with just `' and check the output for MySQLI module

After further looking into the issue, we found out, that there was a mix of PHP 5.5 and PHP 7.0 in the system that probably confused Apache2.  As a general recommendation I would definitely recommend start with one PHP version to debug and purge the other(s).

To completely purge a specific PHP version, you can purge phpX.Y-common package that will pull all the other reverse dependencies:

Example:

apt-get purge php5.5-common # to remove PHP 5.5
apt-get purge php5.6-common # to remove PHP 5.6
apt-get purge php7.0-common # to remove PHP 7.0
# and to remove old php5 packages:
apt-get purge php5-common # to remove old PHP 5.x packages


You have completely removed the read and executable rights for groups and others and all rights for the owner for all files and folders in /usr/local/nagios/libexec/ but not for /usr/local/nagios/libexec/ itself.

It can no longer be ascertained, as the rights actually denominated. This command makes it reversed, but it may be that too many rights are then assigned.

sudo chmod -R +755 /usr/local/nagios/libexec/*