i have enable my boot disk to SSD old one was booted in HDD that what make it too slow


I suggest you look for "gstreamer plugins" in the software center.
In the description it will show wich one you need for mp3.

if you don't find anything you probably have to enable Universe and Multiverse sources.
you can do so under edit >> software sources.


My network disconnects and reconnects all the time

I had a similar issue and the solution was to turn off the proprietary wireless adapter driver. To do so go to Software & Updates and check the Additional Drivers tab.


I believe you may have accidentally configured Evolution to use GPG keys. Have a look at this article - can you confirm that you have the PGP/GPG Key ID field empty in the following window:

I suspect you may accidentally entered xxxxxx.net there


How get banshee-extension-albumartwriter working?

Try this code :

  sudo apt-get remove banshee-extension-albumartwriter

This will first remove the extension ie. banshee-extension-albumartwriter

  sudo apt-get udpdate -fmy

This will update the repositories of your computer. For details of argument type "apt-get update -h"

  sudo apt-get upgrade -fmy

This will download and install the upgrades in your computer.For details of argument type "apt-get update -h"

  sudo apt-get install banshee-extension-albumwriter

This will download and install the banshee-extension-albumart-writer.


Graphics driver problem on Asus X200m running 12.04

I also have a ASUS X200m, but I'm running Ubuntu 14.04.  Had a similar issue which I have just resolved.  Updated to new kernel in February and as soon as I restarted, just got a black screen.  Had to connect external monitor and install GRUB customizer via PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

And set it to show the GRUB screen on each boot so that I could use an older kernel that functioned properly with my display.  I went through that for months asking the community for help...
Ended up, last night, removing all but the newest and the functioning kernel, following instructions outlined here:
Remove Old Kernels in Ubuntu

Today I installed package the package linux-firmware-nonfree and

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Which updated my kernel once more and the package linux-firmware.

Rebooted and the newest kernel booted up with no display problems...
Not sure which step did the trick but thought I should let you know.

Good luck!


Aruba VPN configuration for Ubuntu Server 12.04

There is now a Linux client available for download. Log in at support.arubanetworks.com and visit Downloads > VIA.


Where to find linux-source 3.12 package for saucy

Try the below command on terminal to download 3.12 kernal source,

apt-get source linux-source-3.12.0


Have you been booting UEFI before? In that case copy contents of the old EFI System Partition (ESP) to the SSD's ESP, and re-register the bootloader with efibootmgr, else install GRUB to the ESP (note that you need to have at least the grub-efi-amd64-bin package isntalled). Both should give you a ubuntu labeled entry in the firmware (aka BIOS) boot order that boots Ubuntu.

If that however does not work, then please try this: UEFI machine doesn't boot Ubuntu through NVRAM bootcatalog. How to fix?

Please also check the boot order, to determine how you ended up in grub rescue mode after pressing a key (is the old drive still conneced or something else?).


What are some sample processes that I can run in the background?

If you want to use yes in background, you can still do :

$ yes > /dev/null &

where > /dev/null redirects the output of the command to /dev/null.

Alternatively, you can run an infinite sleep :

$ sleep infinity &

which will run until killed


Why this bash command is not working properly?

The exclamation point is used to retrieve your bash history.

In your case, the error message is from your current shell, not from the shell you want to start(*). What happens is that  the single quotes don't count, since, for your current shell they are inside the double quotes, and so lose their special status and are plain characters. But inside double quotes, the history expansion with ! still works...

If you do it the other way: sh -c 'echo "!a"' then it works, because the outer single quotes "hide" the !.

(*) You get the same error if you replace sh by echo: echo -c "echo '!a'"


I read an article about this quite a while ago, so I don't know if it's working at this moment.
The package is called "Recent Notifications" and can be found at: https://launchpad.net/~jconti/+archive/recent-notifications

The original article where I read about it:

http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2012/03/how-to-never-miss-an-ubuntu-notification-again

How to install via the terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jconti/recent-notifications
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install indicator-notifications

Remember to log out and log back in.


How do I get rid of the unsupported packages mentioned during the upgrade from Lucid to Maverick?

If you want to remove unsupported packages then first list them using ubuntu-support-status --show-unsupported
then use sudo apt remove <package-name or names>

You will then get rid of unsupported packages


Unable to create custom URI scheme on Ubuntu

I have tried the above steps on Ubuntu and it is not working

If I had to guess, I would say your
desktop file might not be executable.

$ if test -x ~/.local/share/applications/myprotocol-handler.desktop; then echo 'executable'; else echo 'not executable'; fi

You can fix this like so:

$ chmod +x ~/.local/share/applications/myprotocol-handler.desktop

Give that a try first.

Also, there are a few other problems I can see right away:

Are you registering the myapp scheme or the myprotocol scheme?

You mention both of these, and it's somewhat confusing exactly what URLs you want to open.

I will assume you want to use the myprotocol scheme,
e.g. myprotocol://abcd.
The "Exec" entry of your desktop file.

Exec=sh -c "$HOME/.my-handler.sh %u"

The $HOME/ is not necessary if .my-handler.sh is in your $PATH.

The sh -c is not necessary if your script is executable,
since it has the shebang line at the top.
This also adds another layer of complexity,
since any URLs will be expanded by the shell
before they get to your URL handler script.

The shebang line lists it as a bash script (#!/bin/bash),
but you are using sh to execute it instead.
I don't see any part of the script where that will make a difference,
but by default sh is dash,
a different shell from bash.

$ type -a sh
sh is /bin/sh
$ file /bin/sh
/bin/sh: symbolic link to dash

The .my-handler.sh script.

You don't need to make it a hidden file;
a filename like my-handler.sh will be fine.
Since I doubt that your home directory is in $PATH,
there is no advantage to putting it in your home directory
other than making the absolute path a little shorter.
(See more about $PATH below.)

Your shebang will work on Ubuntu:

$ type -a bash
bash is /bin/bash

but it's a good habit to use #!/usr/bin/env bash for portability.

You are using an uninitialized variable "$code"
and appending it to a file called file.
What is the purpose of this?
Since file is a relative path,
this will depend on the working directory,
which is probably not what you want.
(For URLs launched from Firefox,
this will depend on what directory the browser was launched from,
which might be the home directory, but could be almost anywhere else, too.)

Your script never uses "$1" or any other arguments.
This means it is essentially discarding the URL it is passed
and opening https://redirect.site.com instead.

But maybe this is just a placeholder script and this was intentional?
If so, I would suggest this test script instead:

$ cat .my-handler.sh
#! /usr/bin/env bash
URL="$1"
zenity --info --text "URL: ${URL}\nPWD=${PWD}"

so you can see the URL passed and directory it's being run from.

  The scheme handler is only working for xdg-open command it doesn't work if I try the same URI on the browser.

If xdg-open is working, then it's just a matter of configuring the browser.
Based on your comments, it looks like you are using Firefox,
which handles this under Preferences:

  Applications

  Choose how Firefox handles the files you download from the web or the
  applications you use while browsing.

This is stored in handlers.json, as you mention.

  I tried the below locations

If xdg-open is already working,
this should not be an issue,
but one tricky thing about custom URL handlers
is that there are at least four files the associations might be stored in,
depending on the application / library the application uses:

~/.config/mimeapps.list (the right place to make changes)
~/.local/share/application/mimeapps.list (the deprecated location)
~/.local/share/applications/mimeinfo.cache (the cache of the deprecated location)
~/.local/share/application/defaults.list (the older deprecated location)

We'll address this issue below.

I've been doing some
work on custom URL handlers
lately, so I've adapted some of that for this purpose.
Here are some step-by-step instructions that may help you:

Check if the protocol is already registered.

$ gio mime x-scheme-handler/myprotocol
No default applications for “x-scheme-handler/myprotocol”

In my case, the protocol is not already registered.
Test the script directly.

You may need to make it executable, like this:

$ chmod +x ~/.my-handler.sh

Then use an example URL:

$ ~/.my-handler.sh 'myprotocol://abcd'

Fix any problems here before continuing on.
Add the script to your $PATH so the desktop file can find it.

This step is optional,
but it is a good habit to get into.
Putting scripts into $PATH
means you will not have to include the full absolute path in your desktop file,
so your desktop file will not need to be changed
if the path to your script changes.

I use a bin directory like this:

$ mkdir ~/bin/

and add this to ~/.profile
(note you will need to log out and log in again to see changes):

PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH"

and finally either copy or symlink the script to ~/bin:

$ ln -s $PWD/.my-handler.sh ~/bin/

If you did this properly, you should something similar to this:

$ type -a .my-handler.sh
.my-handler.sh is /home/nathaniel/bin/.my-handler.sh

not this:

$ type -a .my-handler.sh
bash: type: .my-handler.sh: not found

Install the desktop file.

It looks like you have done this already,
but for future reference you can use the desktop-file-install
command from the desktop-file-utils package:

$ desktop-file-install --dir=$HOME/.local/share/applications/ myprotocol-handler.desktop

These are the most important lines in the desktop file:

Exec=.my-handler.sh %u
MimeType=x-scheme-handler/myprotocol

Make sure the desktop file is executable.

Do this like so:

$ chmod +x ~/.local/share/applications/myprotocol-handler.desktop

This is necessary as a security measure.
Register the desktop file with the
x-scheme-handler/myprotocol mimetype.

$ gio mime x-scheme-handler/myprotocol myprotocol-handler.desktop
Set myprotocol-handler.desktop as the default for x-scheme-handler/myprotocol

All this really does is change lines in ~/.config/mimeapps.list
under the [Default Applications] group
so it says this:

x-scheme-handler/myprotocol=myprotocol-handler-desktop

Some older applications use ~/.local/share/application/mimeapps.list,
but this is officially deprecated.
However, the xdg-mime command uses this location anyway:

$ xdg-mime default myprotocol-handler.desktop x-scheme-handler/myprotocol

There is also an even older deprecated file
called defaults.list
that is still used by some applications.
Edit this file with a text editor:

$ edit ~/.local/share/applications/defaults.list

and manually add these lines:

x-scheme-handler/myprotocol=myprotocol-handler.desktop

under the [Default Applications] group.
Check if it was successfully registered.

$ gio mime x-scheme-handler/myprotocol
Default application for “x-scheme-handler/myprotocol”: myprotocol-handler.desktop
Registered applications:
        myprotocol-handler.desktop
Recommended applications:
        myprotocol-handler.desktop

Check xdg-mime also.

$ xdg-mime query default x-scheme-handler/myprotocol
myprotocol-handler.desktop

Test some URLs from the command line.

$ gio open 'myprotocol://abcd'

Now test the same URL with xdg-open:

$ xdg-open 'myprotocol://abcd'

Update the mimeinfo cache.

Some applications read ~/.local/share/applications/mimeinfo.cache
instead of ~/.config/mimeapps.list.
So update the cache:

$ update-desktop-database ~/.local/share/applications/

Test it in the browser with a local HTML file.

<!DOCTYPE html>

    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Example URL</title>

    myprotocol://abcd

The first time you open the link,
Firefox will prompt you to find the desktop file.

Navigate to ~/.local/share/applications/ and click myprotocol-handler.desktop.

Also tick the box that says "Remember my choice for myprotocol links."

It should look like this when you're done.

Test it in the browser with a remote HTML file.

There are some security differences between local and remote HTML files,
so it's good to check both.
You could set up some hosting for this,
or just use Github or similar, but that's outside the scope of this question.


Cannot find "valid home for jdk" in intellij idea

You will need to add JAVA_HOME to your .bashrc file.

Edit the:

gedit ~/.bashrc

Add the following lines:

## JAVA_HOME
export JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/java-9-openjdk-amd64"
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

Add it to the /etc/environemnt file with:

echo "JAVA_HOME=\"/usr/lib/jvm/java-9-openjdk-amd64\"" | sudo tee -a /etc/environment

Close and open a new terminal.
If all doesn't work then:

Launch Intellij
Press: ctrl+alt+shift+S

The go to Platform Settings -> SDKs
click to add the path for your java sdk

Now your IntelliJ should be able to see it.


ASUS PCE-AC66 & bcmwl-kernel-source: unstable connection with frequent disconnections

First, to be safe, go into Network Manager or the wireless settings Kubuntu equivalent, and click on edit network.

set your BSSID to 74:D0:2B:3F:43:38 to use the 2.4 GHz frequency

or set the BSSID to 74:D0:2B:3F:43:3C to use the 5 GHz frequency

This will prevent confusion as the computer will only associate with this BSSID and will not attempt to "roam" to another BSSID the channel is congested or something else.

Also, to prevent this, change the channel SSID in the router settings from ASUS to something like ASUS1 and ASUS2 so they aren't the same.

Next,

As you can see, beeline-10 is operating on the same channel as ASUS (2412 MHz) and the signal strength is almost the same as yours as well.

Go into your router settings, probably 192.168.1.1 from a browser, and change the 2.4GHz channel to channel 11 (2.462 GHz or 2462 MHz). This will take you far from your neighbor's frequency.

If you are in the United States, you may benefit from the use of the 5 GHz band but only if you have it set to channel 161 (5805 MHz or 5.805 GHz) because of tx and rx regulatory domain restrictions. Seen here,

country US:
(2402 - 2472 @ 40), (3, 27)
(5170 - 5250 @ 40), (3, 17)
(5250 - 5330 @ 40), (3, 20), DFS
(5490 - 5600 @ 40), (3, 20), DFS
(5650 - 5710 @ 40), (3, 20), DFS
(5735 - 5835 @ 40), (3, 30)
(57240 - 63720 @ 2160), (N/A, 40)

While you are at it, switch the channel to 40MHz width instead of auto or 20MHz (default) and go for wireless "n only" instead of "b/g/n", "a", or "auto" if you can unless there are other devices that depend on b/g and 20MHz like an older iphone or ipod etc. This should allow up to 150-300Mb/s instead of 52 or less.

Finally,

To check the regulatory domain settings of your Ubuntu computer, use the following command:

sudo iw reg get

If your output looks like this

country 00:
(2402 - 2472 @ 40), (3, 20)
(2457 - 2482 @ 40), (3, 20), PASSIVE-SCAN, NO-IBSS
(2474 - 2494 @ 20), (3, 20), NO-OFDM, PASSIVE-SCAN, NO-IBSS
(5170 - 5250 @ 40), (3, 20), PASSIVE-SCAN, NO-IBSS
(5735 - 5835 @ 40), (3, 20), PASSIVE-SCAN, NO-IBSS

You need to change it to the correct country (00 is world domain imposing any and all wireless restrictions).

Warning: setting this to the wrong country is illegal; See `/usr/share/zoneinfo/zone.tab' for a table of timezone descriptions containing ISO/IEC 3166-1 alpha2 country codes. To do this, use the following command for the United States for example.

First, make a backup of the file.

sudo cp /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/wireless-tools /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/wireless-tools-copy

Then

echo 'iw reg set US' | sudo tee -a /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/wireless-tools

next, set the CRDA file

sudo nano /etc/default/crda

Change the line from REGDOMAIN= to REGDOMAIN=US.

Press CTRL + o and then press ENTER to save the file. Press CTRL + x to exit nano.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_WLAN_channels


How to ignore faulty mouse double click?

Go to Settings → Universal Access and set the Double Click delay there.

Adjust the slider to suit your preference.
If on the other hand you are seeking to apply a single click then refer to this answer


I have the same model and I have made some progress with this question. At least my machine:
1) Suspended perfectly when using a USB stick installation of the 14.04.1
2) When I upgraded from 12.04 it refuses to suspend from the menu or when I close the lid
3) It won't suspend if I run sudo pm-suspend
4) However, it will suspend if I run as a root "echo mem > /sys/power/state". It also resumes perfectly

I will try to figure out how to get that relatively lower-level suspend to work with higher level tools.

EDITS: Figured it out, hope this helps

There is an offending script that makes pm-suspend fail. See: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2240844

i.e. a thread that I started there to ask help and then ended up answering my own question.

      Apologies for answering my own thread: after little digging through the logs (/var/log/pm-suspend.log) found out that /etc/pm/sleep.d/11_usb_s3 was the offending script and removing it solved the problem. For posteriority (for less technical users):

      sudo mv /etc/pm/sleep.d/11_usb_s3 ~

      This moves the file to your home directory. If this does not cure the problem you probably want to move it back to

      sudo mv ~/11_usb_s3 /etc/pm/sleep.d/

  Source: https://askubuntu.com/questions/39105...0-wont-suspend


I'm assuming you mean the account with sudo access when you say root.

Its pretty simple where you want to copy userone's account to usertwo - create a new account (usertwo), copy over the contents of /home/userone to /home/usertwo (with sudo cp, to handle permissions issues), then sudo chown -R  usertwo /home/usertwo to give ownership of the directory to the new user.

If you want all users to have the same initial account setup, I believe setting /etc/skel appropriately will do the trick


Locate installation file I downloaded at home

If you've installed the drivers via apt, I think you're looking for the apt cache directory here: /var/cache/apt/archives/

If not and you've installed them manually, check your ~/Downloads directory.


Purchasing additional Cloud storage from UbuntuOne?

Indeed, the storage is summed up, you will get 25 GB.


How do you add something to the Unity Launcher that only appears in the Dash? (Such as Chrome Web App Shortcuts)

You can drag the icon from the Dash into the Launcher.


what is the default content of /etc/apt/sources.list in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver)

As you just want to remove unneeded lines from your sources.list, below is an example of what you could have in the contents of your file:

deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

This is based on the contents of the sources.list you have provided which have not been commented out. Some things were combined to minimise lines. Additionally, if you don't require source, you can remove all the deb-src lines.

That said, there isn't much of a point to doing this, other than readability. The commented-out sections won't affect anything, and some lines provide information for you. If you definitely won't be needing them, go ahead and use the lines provided above.


You don't need to remove ibus, as this answer says, since you may need it! The correct solution is very simple and consists in:

Open start-tor-browser script file from inside the Tor package with your favorite editor. I use gedit for shell scripts, so, in terminal, you can use the following command:

gedit /path/to/start-tor-browser

Add the following line on the second line (immediately after the line containing shebang interpreter directive - #!/bin/sh):

export GTK_IM_MODULE="xim"

The above line change the default value (ibus - Intelligent Input Bus, an input method framework for multilingual input) for GTK_IM_MODULE environment variable (which specifies an input method module to use) to xim (X Input Method).
Of course, save the file and close it.
Close Tor and reopen it.

That's all (until this bug will be  fixed properly)!


Connecting Ubuntu box into Microsoft Active Directory

The easiest way to try Likewise

  Likewise Open graphical desktop utility for joining hosts to Active
  Directory domains.

To install Likewise

click on this image

or from command line

sudo apt-get install likewise-open


You can also try SMPlayer, the biggest difference between VLC and Smplayer is that smplayer is a front-end for the award-winning playback engine MPlayer which is one of the best free-open-source players in the world. (according to the smplayer page)

Smplayer it has also  built-in codecs and you can also make customization to the toolbars and it has also themes and many other thing like VLC does and is also under GPL.

Installing the latest version please see: http://smplayer.sourceforge.net/en/downloads


Internet Good but update manager not good

In Ubuntu 12.04 changes were made to DNS resolving, announced here; also see the resolvconf man page.

Changes state that

  resolvconf is a set of script and hooks managing DNS resolution. The
  most notable difference for the user is that any change manually done
  to /etc/resolv.conf will be lost as it gets overwritten next time
  something triggers resolvconf. Instead, resolvconf uses DHCP client
  hooks, a Network Manager plugin and /etc/network/interfaces to
  generate a list of nameservers and domain to put in /etc/resolv.conf.

"I use static IP configuration, where should I put my DNS configuration?"

  The DNS configuration for a static interface should go as
  “dns-nameservers”, “dns-search” and “dns-domain” entries added to the
  interface in /etc/network/interfaces

To try from Older method i.e. prior to Ubuntu 12.04 edition

  NOTE: Before you change your DNS settings to use Google Public DNS or
  OpenDNS, be sure to backup the current server addresses or settings
  somewhere. It is very important that you keep these numbers for backup
  purposes, in case you need to revert to them at any time.

Option A: Changing DNS server settings on Ubuntu can be  configured through Network Manager.

In the System Settings..., go to Network, then  Select the connection for which you want to configure Google Public DNS.

To change the settings for an Ethernet connection, select the Wired tab, then select your network interface in the list. It is usually called eth0.
To change the settings for a Wireless connection, select the Wireless tab, then select the appropriate wireless network.
Click Edit, and in the window that appears, select the IPv4 Settings or IPv6 Settings tab according to your needs.
If the selected method is Automatic (DHCP), open the dropdown and select Automatic (DHCP) addresses only instead. If the method is set to something else, do not change it.
In the DNS servers field, enter the Google Public DNS IP addresses, separated by a space:

For IPv4:

8.8.8.8 and/or 8.8.4.4

For IPv6:

2001:4860:4860::8888 and/or 2001:4860:4860::8844

Click Apply to save the change. If you are prompted for a password or confirmation, type the password or provide confirmation. Test your settings here.

Option B: Alternately through CLI

Edit /etc/resolv.conf:

sudo gedit /etc/resolv.conf

If any nameserver lines appear, backup the IP addresses for future reference.
Replace the nameserver lines with, or ADD the following lines:

For IPv4:

nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

You can select your Linked addresses here.

For IPv6:

nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8888
nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8844

Save and exit. And again test it from above link.

Source.


What is the default Debian/Ubuntu console (TTY) font called?

Ubuntu Mono from the Ubuntu Font Family (font.ubuntu.com) is the default GUI monospace terminal font on Ubuntu 11.10.
Terminus Font (terminus-font.sourceforge.net) is the default font on the Linux console (Ctrl+Alt+F1, $ /bin/setfont /usr/share/consolefonts/FOO.psf.gz)
GNU Unifont (unifoundry.com) is the default font for the CD bootloader menu, Grub bootloader, and alternate (text-based) installer where a software framebuffer is in use. (Unifont is full-coverage fall-back font).

Technical details

The GUI font is set, for Ubuntu, in the ubuntu-artwork package by a default setting in /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/ubuntu-artwork.gschema.override.  The change was made in Bug #865013 on

2011-10-04 for Ubuntu 11.10.  It's possible to query the value of this setting (the user may have overridden or changed it) with:

$ gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.interface monospace-font-name'Ubuntu Mono 13'

The configuration of the Linux Terminal consoles fonts is slightly more involved; there are a limited number of slots available for characters on the framebuffer, so the best subset is selected at package install time by the code in /var/lib/dpkg/info/console-setup.config with the result stored in /etc/default/console-setup.

As @Chen Xiao-Long notes, the console font subsets are built-up from a myriad of bitmap fonts sourced from different places; these are fully documented in /usr/share/doc/console-setup/copyright.fonts.gz.  When the hinting-work in Ubuntu Mono reaches a high-enough level, then hopefully it will be possible to bitmaps exported from Ubuntu Mono instead, see Bug #724022, at least for the areas where we have coverage.


If you want it to run every hour, then you need a number in the minute field. To run it at quarter past the hour, for example, use:

15 * * * * /var/www/script.sh

From man -i 5 crontab:

   Commands are executed by cron(8) when the minute, hour, and month of year fields match the  current
   time,  and when at least one of the two day fields (day of month, or day of week) match the current
   time (see ``Note'' below).  cron(8) examines cron entries once every minute.   The  time  and  date
   fields are:

          field          allowed values
          -----          --------------
          minute         0-59
          hour           0-23
          day of month   1-31
          month          1-12 (or names, see below)
          day of week    0-7 (0 or 7 is Sun, or use names)

   A field may be an asterisk (*), which always stands for ``first-last''.

   Ranges  of  numbers  are  allowed.   Ranges are two numbers separated with a hyphen.  The specified
   range is inclusive.  For example, 8-11 for an ``hours'' entry specifies execution at hours 8, 9, 10
   and 11.

   Lists  are  allowed.   A  list  is  a  set  of  numbers (or ranges) separated by commas.  Examples:
   ``1,2,5,9'', ``0-4,8-12''.

   Step values can be used in conjunction with ranges.  Following a range with ``/<number>'' specifies
   skips  of  the  number's value through the range.  For example, ``0-23/2'' can be used in the hours
   field to specify command execution every  other  hour  (the  alternative  in  the  V7  standard  is
   ``0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22'').  Steps are also permitted after an asterisk, so if you want to
   say ``every two hours'', just use ``*/2''.


Unable to install postgresql 9.6 on Ubuntu 15.04

here are the easy terminal commands to install postgresql
try this instead

     $ sudo apt-get update
     $ sudo apt-get install postgresql postgresql-contrib


The files were generated upon installing the nVidia proprietary drivers.


How to get a REAL global dark theme in Ubuntu Gnome 14.10?

Download this zip(Numix Flatstudio Dark Theme): https://www.dropbox.com/s/hvq89fo7rojpr5h/Numix-flatsudio-dark.zip?dl=0 (I have made a few changes to this to match my shell theme)
Open terminal and type this:

sudo chown [username] /usr/share/themes && sudo chown [username] /usr/share/icons

replacing [username] with your username.
Unzip this downloaded zip into /usr/share/themes
Download this zip(Shell Theme): https://www.dropbox.com/s/d8ynaj6jnsktln4/Ozon.zip?dl=0
Unzip this downloaded zip into /usr/share/themes
Download this zip(Icon Pack): https://www.dropbox.com/s/850tkeijmraskfk/Ultra-Flat-Orange.zip?dl=0
Unzip this downloaded zip into /usr/share/icons
Open Tweak tool.  Turn off the Global Dark Theme. There will be Numix-flatstudio-dark under the Window and the GTK+ dropdown. Select those. Under the Shell Theme dropdown, there will be Ozon-shell-master. Select this also. Select Ultra-Flat-Orange in the Icons dropdown menu.
Now you will have a global dark theme


When you sign in, it unlocks the gnome keyring used for storing encrypted passwords. The auto sign in skips unlocking this gnome keyring, so when a program requests to use it, you still have to sign in. Turning off the automatic login shall remove these pop-ups. There is also an additional way of disabling the pop-up in the second answer of this post: How to disable the "unlock your keyring" popup?


Boot problem after NVMe SSD cloning Ubuntu 18.04

There will be lot of assuming, because question lacks data, such as full steps to reproduce the issue.
Copying partitions and whole disk are not the same thing.
You can check the ESD partition flag and make sure they are appropriate using gparted. (ESD + boot)
You would also need to verify your grub efi file is in your esd partition with a valid configuration file.
Valid configuration file may use partitions UUID, since you modified them you must verify the value are correct.
Suggestion for future migration would be to use dd from raw device to raw device or use clonezilla disk to disk clone, as your need was to migrate the whole storage including partition table and not specific data partition.


unmet dependencies for linux-image-extra-virtual

Instead of using --fix-broken/-f command to satisfy dependencies, you can try download and install the mentioned dependencies (linux-image-generic=3.13.0.107.115):

32 Bit: Download Link

64 Bit: Download Link

To install the .deb file, I recommend you to use gdebi package installer which also check the package dependencies and tell whether it's satisfied or not:

sudo apt install gdebi
sudo gdebi Downloads/linux-image-generic_3.13.0.107.115_arch.deb

Replace arch with i386 (for 32 bit) or amd64 (for 64 bit).


Xubuntu 13.04 some images won't load properly in any browser

Oh my God, I just resolved the issue. It was due to a couple of iptables rules which were meant for anti-exploit protection of a gameserver I'm hosting but it seems that some of them interfere with my browser experience... I'm going to look for a security workaround, at least now the pages load properly.


I was able to install the newest version of node through node package manager (npm).


If you installed Ubuntu Server 12.04 you'll have to install the runtime environment as well. And if you are doing this remotely, you need to use ssh -X in your remote connection command (do NOT automatically assume that will work)

Doing sudo apt-get install firefox will install ffox and its dependencies, as well as a runtime environment (I believe).  Note that when you say 'how can i run ffox under command prompt', you need to be more specific, i.e. are you trying to run it from a terminal so it opens on the system its installed in, or are you trying to run it in the terminal itself, such that you have a terminal web browser.  Ffox does not work in the command line as a web browser if you are not using a GUI envirionment.  (take a look at w3m if you need a terminal text-like browser)


uGet is Free and allows up to 20 connections per download.

uGet doesn't add any extra content, it could simply be a mislabeling of the file from wherever you downloaded it from.


ssh and sudo not working after wrong permission command

Running chmod a+rwx on your whole / filesystem will destroy it. It purges all permissions and makes sudo and ssh useless. Always be careful when running chmod! I don't know any other way to fix this than reinstalling or restoring from a backup.


Must go through Windows Boot Loader to get to Grub

After changing the 'boot flags' about a bit, I have found a pattern. This machine actually has 3 hard drives, 2 SATA 750GB ('sda' and 'sdb') and a 128GB SSD ('sdc'). When I boot, I think it is loading from a different one of them each time in this order: 'sda' (Windows loads with no boot loader), 'sdc' (black screen with cursor), then 'sdb' (GRUB loads and I can choose to load windows or Ubuntu).

I can't see for sure what device it is booting from, but this pattern makes sense given the system setup and my knowledge of how the drives are setup.

I think the problem is trying to tell the BIOS to reliably choose a partition to boot from; not in the way Ubuntu installed.


Kubuntu 18.10 + Nvidia won't wake from suspend

Have you tried pressing Ctrl+Alt+F4 and then ps aux | grep "xserv"

And then
kill (enter_pid_of_xserver_here)

This usually works for me.


I found this launchpad page and it has samba 3.6 for Lucid. The PPA was updated 9 days ago so I think it should be valid. Installation would be...

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:automation/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade samba


ubuntu 16.04 auto load usb dvb-t dongle module

You can load the module automatically in this in two way:

First Way:
Edit /etc/modules file and add the name of the module to load at boot. To do so open the file with superuser permission:

sudo nano /etc/modules

and append a new line containing dvb-usb-rtl28xxu. To save and close the file press ctrl+x and then type y.

You can read more details here.

Second Way:
Add that command to /etc/rc.local. This script is executed every time that the PC is booted up.

To edit rc.local open it with superuser permission using this command:

sudo nano /etc/rc.local

Now you should see some comments and a exit function. You have to put your command after the comments, but before the exit function. The content of your file will look like this:

# some comments

modprobe dvb-usb-rtl28xxu

exit 0

After this, close the editor saving the rc.local file: press ctrl+x and then type y.

In both cases, next time you boot your PC the module it should be loaded automatically.

I hope this could help you.


How to prevent my screen from either dimming or the screen-lock starting when watching YouTube?

HOWTO: Disable screen saver while Flash is running

Run the following command in terminal:

mkdir -p ~/bin

Open gedit, or your preferred text editor and type this:

#!/bin/bash

# Cleanup any bad state we left behind if the user exited while flash was
# running
gconftool-2 -s /apps/gnome-screensaver/idle_activation_enabled --type bool true

we_turned_it_off=0

while true; do
    sleep 60
    flash_on=0

    for pid in `pgrep firefox` ; do
        if grep libflashplayer /proc/$pid/maps > /dev/null ; then
            flash_on=1
        fi

        ss_on=`gconftool-2 -g /apps/gnome-screensaver/idle_activation_enabled`

        if [ "$flash_on" = "1" ] && [ "$ss_on" = "true" ]; then
            gconftool-2 -s /apps/gnome-screensaver/idle_activation_enabled \
                --type bool false
            we_turned_it_off=1
        elif [ "$flash_on" = "0" ] && [ "$ss_on" = "false" ] \
                && [ "$we_turned_it_off" = "1" ]; then
            gconftool-2 -s /apps/gnome-screensaver/idle_activation_enabled \
                --type bool true
            we_turned_it_off=0
        fi

    done
done

Save this file as ~/bin/flash_saver.sh.

Go back into terminal and run:

chmod +x ~/bin/flash_saver.sh

To run this, go into terminal and type:

~/bin/flash_saver.sh

If you prefer, you can set this script to run at logon by doing the following:

Run the program "Startup Applications"
Click "Add"
Under name type "FlashMonitor" or something you will recognise
Under command type ~/bin/flash_saver.sh
Under comment (if you want) type a brief description.  E.g. "Stops screen turning off when Flash is running"

Source: HOWTO: Disable screen saver while Flash is running - ubuntuforums


Laptop needs to be restarted after I close the lid

I would first try to change the behavior of the close-lid function and see if you have the same problem, set it to "blank screen", it's in screen saver - power management - when laptop lid is closed -> blank screen and eventually disable the screen saver. By the way I find this setting much more comfortable.


September 15, 2015,Foxit Reader is now available for Ubuntu ,

1.Go to official site  foxitsoftware.com/products/pdf-reader

Click on download button and select Linux (either 32 or 64 bit)

Now Open terminal and run the following commands:

cd ~/Downloads
ls
tar -xzvf FoxitReader1.00.0909_Server_x64_enu_Setup.run.tar.gz
chmod +x FoxitReader.enu.setup.1.0.0.0909.run
./FoxitReader.enu.setup.1.0.0.0909.run

Note While running chmod command I got syntax error near unexpected token `(' error.I re-named the extracted file then executed the command.

(All screen-shots are from my system @Ravan )


If you're running it in default mode, it's in the menu:  Options > Show/Hide > Line Numbers.  Then Options > Save Options to save it for future sessions.

If you're running it in a terminal (emacs -nw), then it's M-x line-number-mode.  M- is usually the Windows key, but may be Alt, or you can press Esc followed by x.

(Edit:  The above only affects the mode line.  For line numbers in the margin, you want M-x linum-mode, or more likely (setq global-linum-mode t) in your ~/.emacs.)


Use sudo.

To see what is inside the directory: sudo ls [directory]
If you want to get temporary root rights do sudo su -

Disclaimer: With great power comes great responsibility. As a root you can do a lot of harm to your system. Use with care.


In order to create a cloud using a pre-existing machine, you would do the following:

  juju bootstrap manual/192.168.1.128 mycloud

substituting in the accessible IP address of the machine in question.

This will create a controller environment for Juju, but it still won't have any machines to deploy applications on. These are added like so:

  juju add-machine ssh:ubuntu@192.168.1.129

again, substituting in the correct IP address (and assuming there is a user already configured on the machine called 'ubuntu' to which you have the corresponding ssh key.

However, using Juju in this manner forgoes some of the benefits of having an on demand cloud environment. If you have access to an AWS account for example, it is much more useful to use that directly.

This is actually all covered in the official documentation. (I'm not sure where the quote you mentioned comes from)


Unable to download packages from Ubuntu Software Center - "Check Your Internet Connection"

Open Software Center > Edit > Software Sources.. > then from Ubuntu Software (tab) > (Check  ) Download From > { Change the Server  }


WiFi hotspot option disabled after upgrade to Ubuntu 20.04

The button is also deactivated on my system after I upgrade from 19.10 to 20.04. And this is how I manage to enable my hotspot.

Click on Connect to Hidden Network

Select Hostpot for the connection field.

For me my hotspot network get automatically selected after that. And your finish by clicking on connect


vnstat statistics not updating - do I need to change permissions?

Have you tried running vnstat -l -i wlan0?
That should give you a live feed of it running. Can you see the statistics updating there?
Or are you looking for logs?
vnstat -i eth0 --exportdb

For me I had to set the default interface in /etc/vnstat.conf, however the previous command bypasses it if you name the proper interface.
As suggested in a similar case, did you try to set the ownership appropriately?
sudo chown -R vnstat:vnstat /var/lib/vnstat

Maybe we can test it by temporarily elevating them all to 755 through something like:
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/lib/vnstat

Let us know if any of this helped and maybe we can narrow it down.


Do not realy know if it helps:

Permission problem: you must do the apt operations as root or sudoer ie.:
- log in as root (dangerous)
- became a sudoer and then you can write the command this way:

$ sudo apt-get update

Another problem with similar error/warnings: you cannot do apt operations simultaneously = check if you have some other apt process running - in another console may run aptitude, in Xwindows runs Synaptics. The other processes do lock the necessary libs, package-lists etc.

Good luck


A few issues related to GPU Rendering with Blender

Based on this link nvidia-361 is the driver for Nvidia GTX 650

First uninstall the currently installed NVIDIA drivers. Boot the computer, when the GRUB menu appears ...In your case i am seeing it's not there but just to be on the safer side.

Highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and press the E key. Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line. Press F10 to boot the Ubuntu operating system.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1. Enter your user name and the password, then execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Now install the latest official stable NVIDIA drivers. Boot the computer, when the GRUB menu appears ...

Highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and press the E key. Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line. Press F10 to boot the Ubuntu operating system.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1. Enter your user name and the password, then execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-361
sudo reboot

Note : Maybe it is explicitly necessary to select the NVIDIA adapter in BIOS. When you want to use drivers 361, adding the PPA is not necessary. In this case the terminal commands you have to perform are these :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-361
sudo reboot

In case you have installed the nvidia driver from their site then uninstall it as per that instructions.Uninstall that driver by running, as root, sh ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-361.28.run and follow the on screen instructions

Note : The solution I have provide has been tested on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and Ubuntu 15.10 for two GPUs.


How to add "AddType application/x-httpd-php .html" line in /etc/apache2/apache2.conf file through command not manually?

as i see from this script your passing the password with the script like if the script is script.sh your running the script as

 sudo -i
./script.sh yourmysqlpassword #assuming the script is in current directory

i edited it to your needs just appending the line will do the job

#!/bin/bash
apt-get -y update

# set up a silent install of MySQL
dbpass=$1

export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
echo mysql-server-5.6 mysql-server/root_password password $dbpass | debconf-set-selections
echo mysql-server-5.6 mysql-server/root_password_again password $dbpass | debconf-set-selections

# install the LAMP stack
apt-get -y install apache2 mysql-server php5 php5-mysql

wget https://acmesanappstor0.blob.core.windows.net/appmigration/Online_Shopping.tar.gz
tar -xzvf Online_Shopping.tar.gz
sudo mkdir /var/www/html/Online_Shopping
sudo cp -r ~/Online_Shopping/* /var/www/html/Online_Shopping
sudo nano /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
###AddType application/x-httpd-php .html###
echo "AddType application/x-httpd-php.html" >> /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

run the script as root so echo doesn't complain


Built in 4G modem of Thinkpad X1 carbon (5th gen) is not deteceted in ubuntu 16.04

Try it:

lsusb

See if your modem is on the list, if not, there's a hardware or driver problem:

If it is listed, ex:

Bus 001 Device 005: ID 0cf3:0036 Atheros Communications, Inc.
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0bda:58c2 Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
Bus 001 Device 007: ID 12d1:14dc Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:8000 Intel Corp.
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

Exec this command: sudo usb_modeswitch -v XXXX -p 1f01 -J

Replace XXXX with your device ID, ex: 12d1


Yes, it is.

sudo passwd -dl root

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo#Re-disabling_your_root_account


How to get the data from Libre Office Calc and use it in a bash script?

We can get the needed result with two-step process:

we convert spreadsheet to file.txt (really CSV):
localc --headless --convert-to txt:"Text - txt - csv (StarCalc)" file.ods

use some AWK scripting:
awk -F, '{
print "BEGIN:VCARD"
print "VERSION:3.0"
print "FN:"$1
print "N:"$1
print "TEL;TYPE=cell:"$2
print "END:VCARD"
print ""
}' file.txt


How to add Magnet links in the Deluge WebUI?

From Deluge 1.3.4 onwards there is now support for Magnet URIs in the Add Url box of the WebUI.

For reference, the Infohash option is only for the BitTorrent hash so it is different to a Magnet Uri that is a link that contains a Base32 encoded version of this hash along with other information such as trackers and filename. For 1.3.5 I have hidden this unused button to prevent any further confusion.


Nvidia X Server - Overclocking Pascal Based Video Card

I got my answers from https://gist.github.com/bsodmike/369f8a202c5a5c97cfbd481264d549e9:

command line for each card:

nvidia-setttings -c :0 -a '[gpu:0]/GPUMemoryTransferRateOffset[3]=1300'
nvidia-settings -c :0 -a '[gpu:0]/GPUGraphicsClockOffset[3]=100'


Ubuntu 18.04 LTS takes long time after log in

I'm having the exact same issue with 18.4 release. But it's getting a little faster.
It helps when you shutdown, nothing  previously crashed or is is in a wait state. i.e Libre Office is waiting to close and you shutdown. Let Ubuntu shut down itself normally.

TC.


GNOME Shell extension 'Suspend Button' is not working in Ubuntu 20.04

The Suspend Button extension is officially supported up to GNOME Shell version 3.34 whereas Ubuntu 20.04 has version 3.36.x. So rather unsurprisingly it doesn't work on Ubuntu 20.04.
On Ubuntu 20.04 you'll find the suspend option hidden under the 'Power Off / Log Out' option in the system menu:

Alternatively, you can search with the word "suspend" in Activities or applications overview; refer to this answer from Where is the suspend/hibernate button in GNOME Shell?


How can I use Wine in both 32-bit and 64-bit versions?

I solved it by following these steps:

My 64-bit wine configuration is located under the directory /home/username/.wine/
Add a 32-bit wine configuration:

WINEPREFIX='/home/username/.wine32' WINEARCH='win32' wine 'wineboot'

Add a alias in ~/.bashrc:

alias wine32="WINEPREFIX='/home/username/.wine32'"

Now you can use both 32-bit and 64-bit version of wine. In order to use the 64-bit version, just do as you usually did:

wine Program.exe

But in order to use 32-bit version it's a bit different. Call the alias like this:

wine32 wine Program.exe

I Hope this will be useful for other people.


Can't login to my acount Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

If your $HOME (/home/user or home directory) account has 0 bytes free; the GUI can't create its [needed temporary] work files and the login will fail. When it can't create these files, you are returned to the login screen (just as you describe).

The fastest fix (in my opinion) is to switch to a [pseudo] terminal (use ctrl+alt+f4 for example) and login there using your default username/passwd.
 Terminals don't require the temporary files so login will succeed.  Then remove/delete some unnecessary stuff so as to create the required space, and you will discover on switching back to gui you can login normally.


You should be able to toggle the WWAN (AP) function using the nmcli command line utility e.g.

nmcli nm wwan off

and

nmcli nm wwan on

However if it is the backend network-manager that is crashing, the result may be the same.


Does Déjà Dup remove deleted files when it makes an incremental backup?

The short answer is no.
Dejadup does not modify the full backup after the backup is made. The incremental backup may make a note that a file does not exist on the day of the incremental backup, but the backed up version in the full backup is still there.
Let us go through an example
Let's say you have 5 files, A, B, C, D, and E. On the new year of 2021 you make a resolution to regularly backup your files, and setup Dejadup to backup every week.
On January 1, 2021 Dejadup backs up A, B, C, D, and E. This is a full backup.
On January 3, you delete the file B. You create a new file F.
On January 8, dejadup does an incremental backup. This backup contains a note, that the file B does not exist anymore. The backup only contains file F.
Now there are two scenarios:
A full recovery
Let's say your hard drive crashes on January 10. You get a new hard drive and install Ubuntu. Then you restore your files from dejadup backup to the most recent date, which is January 8. Dejadup will restore A, C, D, and E from the full backup and file F from the incremental backup as it will see the note in the incremental backup made on January 8, and know not to restore file B. You will get all the files as they were on January 8.
Selected file recovery
You are lucky and your hard drive did not crash. However, on January 10 you realize that you need the file B after all. What you do is the following:

Open Nautlius, also known as Gnome Files and go to the folder where the file B was.
Right click on the empty space in that folder. Don't right click on any existing file. Select Restore missing files... from the bottom of the context menu.

You will see something like the above picture. It may take a while for Dejadup if you have lots of deleted files and backups going back years. So be patient.

Select file B from January 1, 2021 from this menu by marking the checkbox next to it and then click on Forward:

You will see something like the above picture. Click on the Green Restore button, and your lost file B will be back!
Hope this helps


WiFi is automatically disabled on sleep/suspend (WiFi is disabled with hardware switch) Intel wireless AC 3165

Go to System > Preferences > Power Management. Check the setting next to When laptop lid is closed By default, It will be set to Suspend, which turns off most of your computer's parts except the memory (RAM) to save power, including the wireless card. Change it to Blank screen, then it won't do that.

Note that there are separate settings for when it's plugged into the wall and when it's on battery that you can select from the top. You'll need to change it for both.
Also, make sure that the Connect automatically box is checked in your wireless connection setting.


How to make Firefox use the Gnome Keyring vault for password storage and retrieval?

There was an extension in AMO site, but it seems it has been removed. You can get the source code tho, from https://github.com/mdlavin/firefox-gnome-keyring

I haven't used this for a while and I don't know about it's security, so use it at your own risk.


Difference between ifconfig and ifquery output

ifquery --list

Shows the current interfaces that are picked up in your /etc/network/interfaces file in the order they will get picked up. This does not give an indication of the currently running interfaces.

ifquery --state

Shows the interfaces in some kind of order, it is unclear as of the time of writing, what drives that order.

The file /run/network/ifstate seems to maintain the order that the interaces were started. Each time an interface is started (by ifup) it is appended to the end of the list. When it is shut down (by ifdown) it will be removed from the list.

ifconfig <interface>

This will go to the device itself and make the queries directly, it does not maintain any state of the overall operating system. If interfaces are brought up using ifconfig then it will not be maintained in the state table.

The relevant package is: ifupdown


You may be able to redirect the line-in to your sound card output by using gnome-alsamixer (sudo apt-get install gnome-alsamixer in case you don't have it).

Just enable the Line option and you should get the input sound redirected to your sound card's output.

I kind of have the same problem, but instead of redirecting to the sound card's output, I'd like to redirect to my USB headphone's output (which contains a separate sound card).


I don't know if you have found a solution.
I had the same problem with my Lubuntu 16.04 32bit, and I solved it by installing the zenity package.

Hope this helps

MsieurLOU


If you use those command, the *.tgz files should go to directoryname, even if directoryname didn't exist, system will automaticly create directory with your mispelled-directoryname, try to find your file using

cd directoryname
ls -la | grep tgz

if your desired file didn't there, maybe you can find it using locate or whereis

Hope that's help you, even a little.


File manager `sftp://` Connect to Server via proxy

Open you /etc/ssh/ssh_config and enable the ProxyCommand.
ProxyCommand ssh -q -W %h:%p gateway.example.com
and change the value according with your environment. All connections will use the proxy.
If you need proxy only on a single host, create ~/.ssh/config and add custom setting for host
Host hostname1
    ProxyCommand ssh -q -W %h:%p gateway.example.com


How to change priority of program in system monitor?

To change priority of a process, open system-monitor with root privileges. But if you are using Ubuntu 18.04+, GNOME system monitor which is installed by default is a snap package which fails to open with root privileges. So, install gnome-system-monitor` from APT first. Run:

sudo snap remove gnome-system-monitor
sudo apt install gnome-system-monitor

Run GNOME System Monitor with root privileges:

sudo -H gnome-system-monitor

Right click on the process for which you want to change priority.


How does one get shared libraries and header files to install Zita-at1

Search to find which Ubuntu package mentions desired library

apt-file search libclthreads

it responds with

libclthreads-dev: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libclthreads.so
libclthreads-dev: /usr/share/doc/libclthreads-dev/changelog.Debian.gz
libclthreads-dev: /usr/share/doc/libclthreads-dev/copyright
libclthreads2: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libclthreads.so.2
libclthreads2: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libclthreads.so.2.4.0
libclthreads2: /usr/share/doc/libclthreads2/changelog.Debian.gz
libclthreads2: /usr/share/doc/libclthreads2/copyright

Packages ending with -dev indicate they contain header files so install using

sudo apt-get install libclthreads-dev

which responds with verbiage including

Preparing to unpack .../libclthreads2_2.4.0-5_amd64.deb ...

which confirms the matching release ... similar for the other library

apt-file search  libclxclient

you can see it mentions a -dev so pick that one

sudo apt-get install libclxclient-dev

Now after downloading and expanding the Zita-at1 go into its source code dir and compile it

cd zita-at1-0.4.0/source
make

it fails with

stens@bodhisattva ~/other_src/zita-at1-0.4.0/source $ make
g++ -O2 -ffast-math -Wall -MMD -MP -march=native -MMD -MP -DVERSION=\"0.4.0\" -DSHARED=\"/usr/local/share/zita-at1\" -I/usr/X11R6/include `freetype-config --cflags`  -c -o zita-at1.o zita-at1.cc
In file included from jclient.h:28:0,
                 from zita-at1.cc:29:
retuner.h:27:38: fatal error: zita-resampler/resampler.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
<builtin>: recipe for target 'zita-at1.o' failed
make: *** [zita-at1.o] Error 1

so I just discovered that missing header lives in zita-resampler which is listed at same link you provide so lets first install that ... once downloaded and expanded then to compile

cd zita-resampler-1.6.0/libs
make

which gives output

g++ -Wall -fPIC -O2 -ffast-math -march=native -I. -D_REENTRANT -D_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS  -c -o resampler.o resampler.cc
g++ -Wall -fPIC -O2 -ffast-math -march=native -I. -D_REENTRANT -D_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS  -c -o vresampler.o vresampler.cc
g++ -Wall -fPIC -O2 -ffast-math -march=native -I. -D_REENTRANT -D_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS  -c -o resampler-table.o resampler-table.cc
g++ -Wall -fPIC -O2 -ffast-math -march=native -I. -D_REENTRANT -D_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS  -c -o cresampler.o cresampler.cc
g++ -shared  -Wl,-soname,libzita-resampler.so.1 -o libzita-resampler.so.1.6.0 resampler.o vresampler.o resampler-table.o cresampler.o

now install it

cd zita-resampler-1.6.0/libs
sudo make install

so finally go back to our original failed make and retry now that its upstream library is installed

cd zita-at1-0.4.0/source
make

which generates its executable file

zita-at1

Done ... if when you issue make it says not found then install your compile tools by issuing

sudo apt-get install build-essential

which will give you make plus other compile tools


Hadoop giving error "ls: Failed on local exception: org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RpcException: RPC response exceeds maximum data length"

Check your host settings in core-site.xml. I think you’ve configured it as localhost:9000 but your hostname is knjayanth-Inspiron-3558/127.0.1.1 . Change your fs.defaultFS value in core-site.xml to knjayanth-Inspiron-3558/127.0.1.1 and restart your namenode.


Can the Unity File Lens display detailed file information?

Yes - in Unity 6.6 above, which will be in Ubuntu 12.10, and has arrived in the development distribution.  The new feature is called Previews; I like it already, and it has a ton of potential, for things like quick web search results, in the future.  You right click on the item in the Dash to get a Preview.

Here's a screenshot of a file preview: .

And here's an article about them with more info.  (Previews are in Quantal now,not just in a PPA as when then article was written.)

I think new additions to the Dash also mean Lenses can have another line or two of info, under an item in the big grid.  That might mean someone could add more file info to the lens before you preview one item.  It would probably be too cluttered for the main file lens, so this imaginary feature might have to be in some kind of add-on, or a separate file-management type of lens.


Enter any administrator account when Ubuntu requests authorization

If your concern is about not divulging your admin password to others, but at the same time let them do operations only allowed by an administrator, you could create a separate user with admin rights and give the others the password for that.

However, everyone with admin rights (in sudoers list) can do anything on the machine, including accessing and erasing all files, etc. so I would suggest you create users without admin rights for those you do not trust having admin rights and limit access to the admin account to yourself.

If you only want to be able to do admin stuff without logging out of a limited user session and opening another one, you can open a virtual desktop (with Control + Alt + 2 for example) and login with the admin account there.


ATI Mobility Radion 4650 drivers on Ubuntu 13.04

I had same problems on linux mint 15, I did this:

cp /usr/include/linux/version.h /lib/modules/$(uname -r)-generic/build/include/linux/

seems to have fixed the problem for me, hope it works for you :)


Installing Ubuntu 14.04 on virtualbox partition SCSI3(sda) format message

This is the VirtualBox file and not your real drive, it won't format your real Linux.


How can I have GNOME applications use a custom web browser?

I would do it via the menu editor normally present by default on Ubuntu. If you don't have it then you can install menulibre from ubuntu repository.

Select the launcher of your default web browser and replace the standard command with the path to your script:


If installed with a deb, like you said, then you should try:

sudo dpkg -r koala


Show Desktop Ctrl-Alt-D stopped working for Firefox only. Why? How to fix?


With Bash, How do I find all directories with two directories and move them to a copied tree structure?

This is a simulation. Once you've run it and you're sure everything's correct, remove echo and run it again:

shopt -s globstar
for d in **/{Objects,Textures}; do
    echo mv "$d" "Copy/${d##Original/}"
done

Explanation:

Turning on the Bash option "globstar" makes the glob **/ match zero or more subdirectories.
Bash expands **/{Objects,Textures} to **/Objects **/Textures.
${d##Original/} means "remove the string Original/ from the start of $d.


How to use an environment variable of a remote host using scp?

You may try something like this:

scp file host2@host2_address:$(ssh host2@host2_address 'printf $FOO')

In order to resolve the value of the variable $(ssh host2@host2_address 'printf $FOO'), the shell will internally execute the command ssh host2@host2_address 'printf $FOO', and take whatever this command prints as the value of the variable, which is then substituted into the outer scp command. It is, of course, clear that you have to fetch the variable $FOO from host2, because host1 simply does not know it. One way to fetch it is using ssh as in the above command.

Mind:

You have to have some kind of public-key authentication working, so that the inner ssh command works without any further user input. Otherwise, because of the inner ssh and the outer scp, you would be prompted for the password twice.
You should ensure that the inner ssh command prints out nothing but the variable $FOO. Try it out on its own before using it in the outer scp command and make sure it works.
For some reason I do not fully understand, when I tested the command that I wrote above, it would not work as expected because the fetched variable would contain some weird control prefix. For instance, when I tried to copy something to the remote $HOME, it would try yo copy it to \033k$HOME\033\\/home/user instead of simply /home/user. I had to use the following to get it to work:

scp file host2@host2_address:$(ssh host2@host2_address 'printf $FOO' | cut -d\\ -f2)

...where $FOO was $HOME in my particular case, of course.

This is a quick (as it's rather short) and dynamic (as it will fetch the variable on the fly) solution I came up with. However, particularly because of the last point, I think it would be more reliable to have a script that fetches the remote variables by first printing them to a file. More precisely, that script on host1 would connect to host2, remotely print the output of printenv to some file at host2, fetch that file from host2, parse it, and export the values to local environment variables. For example, the variable $FOO on host2 could be put into a variable $HOST2_FOO on host1. The following script would do this:

#!/bin/bash

ssh host2@host2_address  'printenv > host2_vars.txt'
scp host2@host2_address:host2_vars.txt .
#ssh host2@host2_address  'rm host2_vars.txt' #if you like to clean up
eval $(cat host2_vars.txt | perl -pe 's/^(.*)=(.*)$/export HOST2_$1="$2"/g')

Of course, you would have to execute that script before the scp command.


I haven't used Capistrano yet, but most of the installation guides say that by default the process will be run by the user deploy which we create during the installation.

So i think the user deploy has no permission to create a directory under /var/www/ and that's why this error occurs.

So changing the user of /var/www/ to deploy should fix the issue.

So first check if there is /var/www/. If no create it using the following command.

sudo mkdir /var/www/

And next change the user of that directory to deploy.

sudo chown -R deploy:www-data /var/www/

Note: Some installation guides say the username as deployer. So you need to make sure that which username you are using.

For more : Please refer the Authorisation section in the official documentation


Let's try a one-liner :

rm -rfi * && wget -q -O - --user='username' --password='mypassword' -i  url.txt | wget - && find . -name "*.zip" -exec "unzip && rm" {} \;

Don't hesitate to edit/adapt : this could be really wrong as I'm not always very at ease with the - pseudo-descriptor and how each application handles it.

Some details

Clear current directory.

rm -rfi *

Get the list, but instead of sending the contents to a file, redirect it to stdout (using -q, -O and the pseudo-descriptor -).

wget -q -O - --user='username' --password='mypassword' -i  url.txt

Download files names of which are being sent from the previous wget call. Again, - makes refers to the standard input, which is also the previous command's output.

wget -

Find all zip files in the directory, and execute unzip and rm on each of them.

find . -name "*.zip" -exec "unzip && rm" {} \;


Can I securely erase a hard drive by running `wipe` against `/dev/sdb`?

If you look at the output of the command you ran, you can see that the wipe command did not in fact do anything, it ignored the hard disk:

0 files wiped and 1 special file ignored in 0 directories, 0 symlinks removed but not followed, 0 errors occured.

The man page for wipe indicates that this is the way to delete entire disks by specifying a special file:

wipe -kqD /dev/sdb

-k indicates that the file /dev/sdb should be kept and that wipe shouldn't attempt to delete it. -q means that wipe will make four passes (considered quick). -D means follow symlinks if /dev/sdb happens to be a symlink.

You can add the other options mentioned in your question, but I think -k would be essential for a special file.

If that still doesn't work, have a look at this question for other methods: How can I securely erase a hard drive?


Why my bluetooth headset device is visible on my phone but not on my computer?

From http://www.belkin.com/us/support-article?articleNum=7974

  QUICK TIP:  The HD Bluetooth Music Receiver will allow one (1) device to connect to it at a time.

The problem is the definition of "connect." It could mean that the device can only have a live Bluetooth connection with one other device at a time, or it could mean that the device can only know about one other device at a time.

As I mentioned in a comment above, Bluetooth earpieces used for phone conversations may only be able to know about one device at a time. This is often referred to as "pairing." Two devices can be paired but not connected. In fact, two powered-off devices can still be paired. When a device is paired to another one, it won't try to connect to any other device. Often it won't even be discoverable, meaning it won't show up in anyone else's device list.

From the support article cited above, after clicking on the link asking about using it with another device, it sounds like you have to unpair it from one device in order to pair it with another.


12.04 doesn't boot up after kernel update

You can remove 3.4 kernel via Synaptic. (+ info if someone hasn't it)

Install Synaptic with Ubuntu software center
Open Synaptic and press Ctrl + f
Write "linux image" without quotes and press enter
Look for something like linux-image-3.4-x-generic
Press right mouse button on it and select remove
Press "Apply changes" on the toolbar


What SSD optimization are needed on latest Ubuntu version?

The thing is , first most important part about SSDs is minimizing the writes to the disk, which is why people add nodiratime, noatime to the /etc/fstab file.

Second , is running TRIM which reclaims unused blocks of NAND memory back to SSD. Windows has TRIM enabled by default, AFAIK, so no one bothers there. With Ubuntu, it does have a weekly cronjob  for TRIM, however for I've learned from Rinzwind's answer that the cron job only runs on Intel and Samsung SSDs. That's why you have to edit that /etc/cron.weekly/fstrim file to have exec fstrim-all --no-model-check line, so that it runs no matter what is your SSD model.

Over the recent years, this has not changed - these are still key points , minimizing writes and enabling TRIM.

Removing writes and expensive storage amount is the two factors why people also remove swap area. By default, Ubuntu creates swap partition equal to your RAM size. I have a 128 SSD and 6 GB of RAM. That means that by default Ubuntu will chop off 6 GB from 128GB, leaving 122GB for my OS, and 5% is typically reserved for root, so that leaves me 122-122*0.05=115.9 GB for myself. I might as well use that storage for something else, which is why I have only one main partition, no swap partition, but I do have a 512 MB swap file  as a protective feature (not that I plan on running out of RAM, but it's always recommended to have swap)


empathy and pidgin cannot connect to AIM

Sometimes during updates but usually during upgrades, some things quit working. This is called a regression and should be reported as a bug.  How to submit a bug


I can't download anything after trying to install skype

I had the same issue. You can force it by using dpkg. I hope it solves the issue for you as well.

sudo dpkg --remove --force-all skype


Avahi works on one computer but not on another

I found the cause of my problem and am posting it here in case it might help any others finding themselves in a similar situation.

Make sure the host name is the same in both /etc/hosts and /etc/hostname. For some reason, they were different on my server -- corrected that and avahi is now working as intended.


How to configure Brother DCP-7030 Scanner?

It is not advisable that you use wine to install drivers for any hardware, as they won't be properly integrated into ubuntu.

However here is a step by step guide to get the drivers working (if you're on an 64-bit system):

First unplug your printer.

Open a terminal and copy&paste the following commands

sudo apt-get remove brother-lpr-drivers-laser brother-cups-wrapper-laser

(removes any existing drivers that could cause conflict)

sudo apt-get install --reinstall cups csh lib32stdc++6

(reinstalling dependencies)

sudo mkdir -p /var/spool/lpd/
sudo mkdir -p /usr/share/cups/model/

(make directories for the drivers)

mkdir -p ~/Downloads/brother/
cd ~/Downloads/brother/

(make download location)

wget http://pub.brother.com/pub/com/bsc/linux/dlf/brdcp7030lpr-2.0.2-1.i386.deb
wget http://pub.brother.com/pub/com/bsc/linux/dlf/cupswrapperDCP7030-2.0.2-1.i386.deb

(download drivers)

sudo dpkg -i --force-architecture brdcp7030lpr-2.0.2-1.i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i --force-architecture cupswrapperDCP7030-2.0.2-1.i386.deb

(install and configure driver packages)

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/cups/filter/brlpdwrapper* /usr/lib64/cups/filter/

(link driver files)

plug in your printer now and proceed with the installation process from 'System Settings' -> 'Printers'

To enable scanning:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall sane-utils xsane xsane-common

Download Scanner drivers from brother home page (64-bit):
http://www.brother.com/cgi-bin/agreement/agreement.cgi?dlfile=http://www.brother.com/pub/bsc/linux/dlf/brscan3-0.2.11-4.amd64.deb&lang=English_gpl

(32-bit)
http://www.brother.com/cgi-bin/agreement/agreement.cgi?dlfile=http://www.brother.com/pub/bsc/linux/dlf/brscan3-0.2.11-4.i386.deb&lang=English_gpl

plug in and turn on your scanner
open a terminal and type

sudo dpkg -i --force-all ~/Downloads/brscan3-0.2.11-4.amd64.deb

(for 64-bit)

sudo dpkg -i --force-all ~/Downloads/brscan3-0.2.11-4.i386.deb

(for 32-bit)

check if it installed correctly

dpkg  -l  |  grep  Brother

output should look something like this:

ii  brdcp7030lpr:i386       2.0.2-1         Brother DCP-7030 LPR driver
ii  cupswrapperdcp7030:i386       2.0.2-1         Brother DCP7030 CUPS wrapper driver

Finally type

sudo gedit /lib/udev/rules.d/40-libsane.rules

and at the following text right before this line (pretty far down at the bottom)

'# The following rule will disable USB autosuspend for the device'

Text to add:

# Brother scanners
ATTRS{idVendor}=="04f9", ENV{libsane_matched}="yes"

Restart the computer now and it should work.


Internet Connection Problem in Ubuntu 12.04 and 14.04

Please do:

echo "options ath9k nohwcrypt=1" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/ath9k.conf
sudo modprobe -rfv ath9k
sudo modprobe -v ath9k

First in your router change 802.11bgn to 802.11bg.

Second change the wep encryption to just wpa2 (CCMP)(AES) not (TKIP) if you have that option it will work best.

Third set your wireless channel in the router to 1 or 11 then save the router configuration and reboot it.

Fourth go into network manager at top right corner of the screen and click on edit connections>wireless tab and set IPV6 to ignore and change your dns server to google according to the screenshots.

Then reboot.


I find a advanced video editor for Ubuntu

Some of the options that you have:

Avidemux.  To install, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install avidemux

Cinelerra

OpenShot.  To install, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:openshot.developers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install openshot openshot-doc

On a personal note, I recommend, and use OpenShot, and I'm very happy with it.


How can I disable the "popping" sound when adjusting the volume?

You would have to turn the Notification sounds to off, or delete the specific sound that is played (but this would affect other event sounds and is not advised).

Screenshot:


Try this:

sudo cp -r /var/lib/apt/lists /var/lib/apt/lists.bak
sudo rm -vf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

and then again

sudo apt update

Tell us if it works. The location of /var/lib/apt/lists contains automatically downloaded deb files.


The manual page is very descriptive:

  The  simpleproxy program acts as a simple tcp proxy. It opens listening socket on local machine and forwards any connection to the remote host.

From this text, and its option, I can imagine some use cases:

HTTP proxy
Connection to a machine in the network which can otherwise not be reached from outside because of a firewall (IPtables can do this too, but requires root)


how to get my fender mustang working on ubuntu studio?

You should use a AV specialized distro as the system is optimized very different from a desktop.

See http://libremusicproduction.com/articles/advantages-choosing-audio-orientated-linux-distribution for details

Try Ubuntu studio or KXStudio or Fedora Jam (KXStudio is my personal favorite)

http://ubuntustudio.org/

http://kxstudio.sourceforge.net/

http://spins.fedoraproject.org/jam-kde/

Support on IRC at #linuxmusicians

Support is limited on "standard desktop" versions due to the various customizations to AV oriented spins.


You can try to remove it again by purging

sudo apt-get purge flatpak

or remove its leftovers with

sudo rm /etc/profile.d/flatpak.sh
sudo rm /etc/X11/Xsession.d/20flatpak

and then reboot.


I have to press Ctrl+Alt+F1 on new Ubuntu 18.10 install to unlock after sleep

I figured out what I was doing wrong. I used Alt to suspend the computer, which apparently causes the strange behaviour. The correct way is to long-click the shut-off button, which changes it to the suspend button.

I have a follow-up question to ask for help understanding the behaviour with the Alt key here - What does pressing Alt do when suspending the computer?


In Setup you can choose under Region & Language your desired config and keyboard layout.


Poor performance when looking at Youtube videos

1. With the 516 MB RAM it would be very advisable to use LXDE/Lubuntu. I use it with 1GB RAM and the difference is huge  compared to using Unity or KDE, and very significant compared to using Xfce/Xubuntu.

2.The way your computer lags in playing flash in Youtube is a different issue, as it is related not to your RAM or CPU, but to the graphic card (GPU). You have a powerful enough CPU but the Adobe Flash plugin has the odd quality of avoiding using CPU and putting all the load on your GPU. See this question and the answer there and the comment of izx:

  Flash 11+ "attempts" (poorly, it looks like) to use the GPU (hardware)
  to "decode" the video instead of the CPU (software). Decoding is a
  fairly computationally intensive task, but most modern CPUs (except
  Atoms) will deal with 1080P HD without breaking a sweat. It appears
  that Flash doesn't seem to obey that checkbox and still tries to use the GPU.

(meaning the checkbox in Adobe Flash Player Settings telling it not to use hardware acceleration)

Odd enough, using the HTML5 version of Youtube (which some recommend as a solution in this case) still brings my GPU to 100 degrees Celsius.

It seems that there are ways to put your CPU (more powerful) to work, and not your GPU (which is less powerful).
 My favorite solution to this is opening youtube in external player.

Lately I could not use the OpenWith Firefox addon to open youtube videos in VLC, so I recommend especially the Firefox add-on Smplayer context menu or the Youtube player that comes with SMPlayer (smtube). Install in Terminal (instead of Synaptic, which seems to give a version of SMPlayer that does not allow editing its Toolbar)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rvm/smplayer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install smplayer smtube

or just Alt-F2

or

To create a desktop icon the Lubuntu way:

3.To kill processes like you do in Windows, you need to start a Task Manager.

 There a different of this kind (gnome-system-monitor, lxtask, xfce4-taskmanager) and according to the desktop environment there are different ways of setting keyboard shortcuts for applications. But that would mean creating a new question (you already put two of them here!)

To kill now active window:Alt-F4.


Will installing AMD drivers conflict with Intel HD switchable graphics?

What is switchable graphics?
Your laptop has switchable graphics, i.e. an Intel graphics card built into the i5 CPU, and a discrete AMD graphics card. Using Windows drivers on Windows, this is supposed to let the OS intelligently switch between the two depending on whether games, 3D graphics, etc. are being run or whether the system is just being used for normal tasks like browsing, office apps, etc.
Not officially supported by Linux
Unfortunately, this automatic switching is not officially supported on Linux or Ubuntu, because the AMD drivers are proprietary (not open source).
No conflict, but AMD card will be "always on"; you can try vgaswitcheroo
You can install the AMD drivers, and especially should if you will be gaming. They will not conflict with the internal Intel HD graphics, but you should be aware of the following:

No automatic switching
AMD card will always be "on", resulting in no or very little power saving

You can only turn it off and use Intel only if this option is supported in your laptop's BIOS (and many don't)

You can try using the vgaswitcheroo option to manually enable/disable the AMD card from within Ubuntu. See this Ubuntu wiki for details.


Open Broadcast Software installation instructions (Ubuntu 14.04+)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:obsproject/obs-studio
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install obs-studio

Recommended: Install ppa-purge -> sudo apt install ppa-purge and run it to uninstall and revert all changes made by OBS:

sudo ppa-purge ppa:obsproject/obs-studio

Additionally, autoremove has no parameters and the list of removed package contains only the ones that were no longer needed and also unrelated to any graphical glitch.


Ok I've found it.
sudo apt-get install libqt4-sql-mysql for using mysql
sudo apt-get install libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-sql-psql libqt4-sql-sqlite libqt4-sql-odbc libqt4-sql-tds for obtaining other options also.


Ubuntu 12.10 does not scan for new wireless after disconnect

Did you set up the connection to re-connect?
Here is how....

Go to the network manager icon (the wireless icon) and click 'edit connection'
Click on the wireless tab and pick the connection you are using then click 'edit'
Be sure 'Connect automaticly' is checked
If the network is not an open one, click on the 'wireless security' tab and enter the security type and key.
Make sure the 'Available to all users' is checked in the lower left.


how to install linux phat client to connect vpn server from ubuntu machine?

Your first move is to inspect install_linux_phat_client.sh and see how it's deciding to issue that error message.

However, on MY Ubuntu 16.04.5 YMMV:

walt@bat:~(0)$ dpkg -l libnss*
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name                                    Version                  Architecture             Description
+++-=======================================-========================-========================-====================================================================================
un  libnss-db                               <none>                   <none>                   (no description available)
ii  libnss-mdns:amd64                       0.10-7                   amd64                    NSS module for Multicast DNS name resolution
ii  libnss3:amd64                           2:3.28.4-0ubuntu0.16.04. amd64                    Network Security Service libraries
ii  libnss3-1d:amd64                        2:3.28.4-0ubuntu0.16.04. amd64                    Network Security Service libraries - transitional package
ii  libnss3-nssdb                           2:3.28.4-0ubuntu0.16.04. all                      Network Security Security libraries - shared databases
walt@bat:~(0)$ apt-cache search libnss
libnss-db - NSS module for using Berkeley Databases as a naming service
libnss-extrausers - nss module to have an additional passwd, shadow and group file
libnss-mdns - NSS module for Multicast DNS name resolution
libnss-myhostname - nss module providing fallback resolution for the current hostname
libnss-sss - Nss library for the System Security Services Daemon
libnss3 - Network Security Service libraries
libnss3-1d - Network Security Service libraries - transitional package
libnss3-dbg - Debugging symbols for the Network Security Service libraries
libnss3-dev - Development files for the Network Security Service libraries
libnss3-nssdb - Network Security Security libraries - shared databases
winbind - service to resolve user and group information from Windows NT servers
libnss-cache - NSS module for using nsscache-generated files
libnss-docker - nss module for finding Docker containers
libnss-gw-name - nss module that names the current gateway’s IP address
libnss-ldap - NSS module for using LDAP as a naming service
libnss-ldapd - NSS module for using LDAP as a naming service
libnss-lwres - NSS module for using bind9's lwres as a naming service
libnss-mymachines - nss module to resolve hostnames for local container instances
libnss-mysql-bg - NSS module for using MySQL as a naming service
libnss-pgsql2 - NSS module for using PostgreSQL as a naming service
libnss-rainbow2 - nss library for rainbow
libnss-resolve - nss module to resolve names via systemd-resolved
libnss-rsbac2 - RSBAC NSS module
libnss-securepass - NSS (Name Service Switch) module for Securepass
libnss-winbind - Samba nameservice integration plugins
libnss-wrapper - NSS wrapper library
libnss3-tools - Network Security Service tools
libpam-ccreds - Pam module to cache authentication credentials
libpam-ldap - Pluggable Authentication Module for LDAP
nslcd - daemon for NSS and PAM lookups using LDAP
nss-passwords - read passwords from a Mozilla keyring
nss-updatedb - Cache name service directories in DB format
nsscache - asynchronously synchronise local NSS databases with remote directory services
pynslcd - daemon for NSS and PAM lookups via LDAP - Python version
python-libsss-nss-idmap - Python bindings for the SID lookups library
python3-libsss-nss-idmap - Python3 bindings for the SID lookups library

I suggest that you install the libnss3 package.


Ubuntu 12.04.3 won't install/run on mint16 machine

When the computer boots, you have to press F2, F12, Enter, etc (it varys by manufacturer), to select 'Boot Device Selection'. It may looks something like this:

Select your DVD device from the list - it may begin with CD, DVD, or the name of its manufacturer.


What can I change/investigate where the install does not complete?

Maybe an alternative...

Any reason why dual boot? It seems there are issues when people try to create a dual boot. I had similar problems.

In the end, I installed Ubuntu, and run Win7 in VMplayer. Works great and does everything I need it to do, with no issues. However you may have issues if you need specific hardware to run in windows, where Linux does not recognise that hardware.

However I had no issues running any windows software within the VMplayer environment.


Turning off power to Nvidia Graphics Card

If this is a hybrid graphics laptop, try to install bumblebee to have both the Intel and Nvidia cards working simultaneously, and use gnome-display-properties for multi-screen configurations, which is better than nvidia twinview these days:
https://launchpad.net/~hybrid-graphics-linux

sudo apt-get install git
# type password
git clone http://github.com/MrMEEE/bumblebee.git
cd bumblebee/
sudo ./install.sh
optirun glxgears
# check the speed and compare to running:
glxgears
# If you have google-chrome installed, you can try it with/without optirun and report the FPS values on the mailing list:
optirun google-chrome http://webglsamples.googlecode.com/hg/aquarium/aquarium.html


You might like to use boot repair: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair (installable via USB live ubuntu)


I can't install any package, dependency problems

Been there, you've tried to install something made for a different release. It's repairable but reinstall is quicker, specially if your /home isn't part of root (/) mount point.


You can use rsync for that, for example:

rsync /path/to/source /path/to/dest --bwlimit 2000 --progress

The --bwlimit flag is to cap the transfer speed, the parameter is in KBps, so 2000 is roughly 2MB per second. The --progress is an extra nice touch to show progress. (Personally I use rsync all the time as a cp with progress indicator...)


ubuntu 13.04 - can't see external ntfs drive

It's seems (but not sure) that Ubuntu changes the way the devices are mounted now using subfolders for each user in /media
So if you launch Nautilus as root and see your files so just it's a matter of rights.
try this from a shell:

sudo -i nautilus --no-desktop


Ubuntu 14.04 Nvidia 740m and hd400 no screen detected

Delete everything related to nvidia
sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
Upgrade your linux kernel to 3.16
sudo apt-get install linux-image-generic-lts-utopic
Delete old kernels
dpkg --list | grep linux-image
sudo apt-get purge linux-image-x.x.x.x-generic { do it carefully don't remove latest}

Now restart, then is terminal, run sudo apt-get autoremove

Install intel graphics driver {will take some time }
https://01.org/linuxgraphics/
After Intel drivers are installed system will restart.
Go to system setting > software & update > additional drivers.
Click on nvidia proprietary driver ( my case its nvidia-331 )
do not use apt-get in terminal for this
Click Apply changes, it will take some time as drivers will be downloaded in background. [be patient] when finished, restart ubuntu.
Now you will be using nvidia drivers.
If screen goes blank after restarting, ask me again, will give more detailed steps.


The suggested links didn't help.
I tried to reinstall gnome-control-centre, and make it come up via Terminal, but it appeared empty page.
So, once the solution can't be found on the Internet, I have to reinstall Ubuntu. That's proved working.


"libasound.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory"

Hope you were able to find the solution! Looks like they have pulled ia32-libs from the 14.04 repo. You can install any package with 32-bit compatibility using program:i386
sudo apt-get install libasound2:i386


Replace a word in a directory name and in the filenames in that directory

If your structure only has two levels, you don't need to use recursion.

Don't parse filenames with sed. If you want to use regex and sed style syntax to rename files, use rename. If you're using Ubuntu 17.10, you need to install it

sudo apt install rename

Then you can use pa4080's answer.

With rename, use the -n option for testing.

rename -n 'expression' file(s)

You could also just use the mv command. As a one-line command:

for d in ./*/; do mv -v "$d" "${d/Edition/Volume}"; done; for f in ./*/*; do mv -v "$f" "${f/Edition/Volume}"; done

You can use echo for testing with mv, ie echo mv -v source dest, but it gives inaccurate results here, unless you test and then run the loops separately.

As a script:

#!/bin/bash

# rename directories first
for d in ./*/; do
    mv -v "$d" "${d/Edition/Volume}"
done

# now rename files
for f in ./*/*; do
    mv -v "$f" "${f/Edition/Volume}"
done

mv and rename recognise -- to indicate the end of options. Since all paths begin with ./ in this example, we do not need to use that, but if paths may begin with -, then use -- at the end of options, eg rename -n -- 's/foo/bar/' *, to prevent those paths being interpreted as options.


From a terminal run sudo apt-get remove indicator-messages
The next time you login it will be gone.


You should never clean the memory of any machine, modern systems manage RAM very well and killing applications can be harmful.

Use top (or htop for a more fancy interface) to discover what is clogging your system and close those applications through their interfaces.


1 method to do this would be to boot from a live dvd, go to command line and do a

sudo -i
fsck /dev/sdb1

According to geekstuff you should be able to do it from initramfs directly. If ...

# fsck -a /dev/sdb1
# echo $?

shows an error code 4 you can also do ...

# fsck -y /dev/sdb1

If it works an exit will restart the boot process.


I had the same problem regarding the "no project", there is a difference between a project and PPA.

In order to use the "quickly submitubuntu" command and or share or release, you need to set up a project in launchpad here.

I had problems with the packages submitted to my project not packing, so I ended up doing it manually, and its not too bad.

--how to package manually below--

I'm not an expert, so I can only tell you how I managed to get it working for myself.

Make sure your app runs out of /opt too. running "quickly package --extras" will build it this way.

You can then sign it with "debuild -S -k[your key here with no space between it and the k!]"

To find your key if you don't know it, run "gpg --list keys", and on the pub line, your key begins after the forward slash (don't include the date).
once the package has been signed, run "dput ppa:[username]/[ppa name] [path of source.changes file]" and it should upload it.

If your packages are failing to build because of a missing glib module, see this ask ubuntu post

I did all this with an application which would run after being installed from a package however, so I'm not sure if yours will be able to be compliled by launchpad if it does not run, but who knows...

exclude "[" and "]" when building the commands.


Deja-dup is risking your security. Luckily the chances of an actual security violation occurring are low, but the possibility exists. Deja-dup backs up your files once they are unencrypted and then re-encrypts them with another kind of encryption.

You will have two copies of the same data in different encryption. Knowing this, a cryptoanalyst could use sophisticated pattern analysis to compare the two copies and find out what they are -- bypassing the encryption of both.

Another possibility is that one of the two encryptions may be weaker, even weak enough to partially reveal the content of your data, giving a cryptoanalyst clues to decrypt both copies.

It's even more unlikely, but an infiltrator could modify your local copy of Deja-dup to transmit the unencrypted data before re-encrypting it.

Backintime can be configured to back up your encrypted home directory as-is, from /home/.ecryptfs/user without even knowing what it's backing up.


If you haven't installed the ubuntu-restricted-extras  package, try that.
Of the three sites you've listed, the first was unable to deliver any page when I loaded it; it appears to be down now. The second site worked fine on my Ubuntu system. The third had so many pop-ups, I was discouraged from persisting to figure out how one is supposed to play music on it.
But my success with the second site suggests you should be able to get them working, without too much trouble. ubuntu-restricted-extras will give you most of what may be needed.

How to install the most common plugins?

Another thing that may help is to enable the Medibuntu repository (as mentioned in one of the answers to the above linked question) and install codecs and related packages from that.
To do that, run these commands:
sudo -E wget --output-document=/etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu.list http://www.medibuntu.org/sources.list.d/$(lsb_release -cs).list && sudo apt-get --quiet update && sudo apt-get --yes --quiet --allow-unauthenticated install medibuntu-keyring && sudo apt-get --quiet update
sudo apt-get install app-install-data-medibuntu apport-hooks-medibuntu
sudo apt-get install aacgain aacplusenc alsa-firmware libavcodec-extra-53 libavdevice-extra-53 libavfilter-extra-2 libavformat-extra-53 libavutil-extra-51 libdvdcss2 libdvdcss-dev libpostproc-extra-52 libswscale-extra-2 mplayer-dbg mplayer-doc mplayer-gui mplayer non-free-codecs rmconverter w32codecs

If you're running the 64-bit version of Ubuntu, replace w32codecs (at the end of the third command) with w64codecs. The third command may warn you:
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  libavformat53 libpostproc52 libswscale2 mplayer2

That's okay.
The third command above installs what I consider to be the most useful packages provided in the Medibuntu repository (minus the ices package which is currently not installable on many machines because it depends on packages that are not available). Please note that it is possible that there are legal restrictions applicable to you that could render your installing or using of some or all software provided in the Medibuntu repository unlawful. Please make sure to read this page to understand the nature of the software Medibuntu provides, and take note of its disclaimer, which applies to this answer also:

It is your legal responsibility to make sure that the software you are installing can be legally used in your country and for your intended purpose.

Sources:

Medibuntu (home page)
Medibuntu's Repository Howto
Medibuntu - Details of release precise


How to configure the touchpad middle click?

You can make it work and persist in Ubuntu 12.04, even afer suspending, following these steps.

First, create a file with your script:

echo synclient TapButton3=2 > ~/touchpad_settings.sh

(You could place the script in another directory, e.g. /usr/bin or /etc, if you wanted it to be in a more "generic" place, in case you have multiple accounts in your ubuntu installation.)

Then make it executable:

chmod +x ~/touchpad_settings.sh

And finally, run the following command replacing "user" with your user name:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.input-devices hotplug-command "/home/user/touchpad_settings.sh"

Then reboot, or logout & login, or restart GNOME.

That's all!

For more information about this fix, go here.


I can't access the internet through my raspberry pi when connected through ssh

Let me try an answer then since I think we are getting there:

a) Remove the port forwarding and the static IP for your pi first, i.e. let everything go its default way and make sure that the pi can then ping outwards.

b) See what the pi has as its ip address, most likely 192.168.x.y, depending on how your hub is set up.

c) Try to assign exactly this address as a static ip for your pi. It may be that your hub does not allow this. Then check whether your hub can be told to give out dynamic addresses only in a fixed range, like 192.168.x.100 to x.200. Then try to assign a static address to your pi outside this range. Should work.

d) Only now think about port forwarding. Forward the port to the IP address you just specified.

e) Now use no-ip.com as before. The idea is that initial outside traffic that ultimately should reach the pi needs to be addressed from the outside to your hub, not to the pi, but on the forwarded port. The hub takes care of forwarding it, as the name says, port forwarding :-)


Disabling UEFI on a running Ubuntu system

The problem is not the boot mode (BIOS/CSM/legacy vs. EFI/UEFI); it's Secure Boot. With Secure Boot active, Ubuntu 16.04 requires that all kernel modules be cryptographically signed; however, third-party kernel modules, such as those for VirtualBox, are not signed in this way. Thus, Secure Boot prevents their being loaded.

Note that Secure Boot is an optional feature of UEFI, so you won't run into this problem with a BIOS-mode boot. That said, switching from an EFI-mode boot to a BIOS-mode boot to get around this problem is overkill and is likely to lead to follow-on problems.

Fortunately, it's possible to disable Secure Boot. The details of how to do this vary greatly from one computer to another, so I can't write a simple description of how to do this that's universally applicable. This page of mine, though, presents several examples of how to disable Secure Boot, so you may want to check it out.


What command are you using?

For me this error occures e.g. due to an typo:

sudo mount -t iso9660 /Desktop/test.iso /media/iso -o loop

If I run the command with "~" everything is fine:

sudo mount -t iso9660 ~/Desktop/test.iso /media/iso -o loop


Ubuntu utility tool to know number threads and processes runnning in the OS

ps -A will show all processes, and wc -lcan count them, so you can use

ps -A|wc -l

If you want to view the processes and sort them in different ways, htop is a good tool.

sudo apt-get install htop