Order of files being created when installing Firefox

dpkg-deb -c firefox_45.0+build2-0ubuntu0.12.04.1_amd64.deb

will show the files in the order the files are processed ...

drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:06 ./
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./etc/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./etc/apparmor.d/
-rw-r--r-- root/root      4984 2016-03-04 12:51 ./etc/apparmor.d/usr.bin.firefox
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:56 ./etc/apparmor.d/disable/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:56 ./etc/apport/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./etc/apport/native-origins.d/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       103 2016-03-04 14:08 ./etc/apport/native-origins.d/firefox
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./etc/apport/blacklist.d/
-rw-r--r-- root/root        59 2016-03-04 14:08 ./etc/apport/blacklist.d/firefox
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./etc/firefox/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       163 2016-03-04 12:33 ./etc/firefox/syspref.js
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/bin/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:56 ./usr/lib/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:56 ./usr/lib/firefox-addons/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:56 ./usr/lib/firefox-addons/searchplugins/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:56 ./usr/lib/firefox-addons/plugins/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:56 ./usr/lib/firefox-addons/distribution/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:56 ./usr/lib/firefox-addons/distribution/extensions/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox-addons/extensions/
-rw-r--r-- root/root      3373 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox-addons/extensions/{972ce4c6-7e08-4474-a285-3208198ce6fd}.xpi
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:21 ./usr/lib/firefox/
-rw-rw-r-- root/root       899 2016-03-04 14:21 ./usr/lib/firefox/libsoftokn3.chk
-rw-r--r-- root/root    640448 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/libnssckbi.so
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox/gmp-clearkey/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/gmp-clearkey/0.1/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       116 2016-03-04 13:45 ./usr/lib/firefox/gmp-clearkey/0.1/clearkey.info
-rw-r--r-- root/root     55184 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/gmp-clearkey/0.1/libclearkey.so
-rw-r--r-- root/root       127 2016-03-04 13:44 ./usr/lib/firefox/dependentlibs.list
-rw-r--r-- root/root    628488 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/libmozsqlite3.so
-rwxr-xr-x root/root    252120 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/plugin-container
-rw-r--r-- root/root     59280 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/liblgpllibs.so
-rw-rw-r-- root/root       898 2016-03-04 14:21 ./usr/lib/firefox/libnssdbm3.chk
-rw-r--r-- root/root       825 2016-03-04 10:41 ./usr/lib/firefox/Throbber-small.gif
-rwxr-xr-x root/root    121040 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/firefox
-rw-r--r-- root/root    232400 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/libsoftokn3.so
-rw-r--r-- root/root     18344 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/libplc4.so
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/distribution/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/distribution/searchplugins/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/distribution/searchplugins/locale/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/distribution/searchplugins/locale/en-US/
-rw-r--r-- root/root      1613 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/distribution/searchplugins/locale/en-US/amazondotcom.xml
-rw-r--r-- root/root      1891 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/distribution/searchplugins/locale/en-US/ddg.xml
-rw-r--r-- root/root      1245 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/distribution/searchplugins/locale/en-US/google.xml
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:56 ./usr/lib/firefox/distribution/searchplugins/common/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       189 2016-03-04 12:33 ./usr/lib/firefox/distribution/distribution.ini
-rw-r--r-- root/root       569 2016-03-04 12:52 ./usr/lib/firefox/application.ini
-rw-r--r-- root/root    137712 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/libsmime3.so
-rw-r--r-- root/root    161760 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/libnssutil3.so
-rw-r--r-- root/root    120808 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/libnssdbm3.so
-rwxr-xr-x root/root     63456 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/crashreporter
-rw-r--r-- root/root        46 2016-03-04 13:45 ./usr/lib/firefox/platform.ini
-rw-r--r-- root/root      4003 2016-03-04 10:41 ./usr/lib/firefox/crashreporter.ini
-rw-r--r-- root/root    246216 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/libnspr4.so
-rwxr-xr-x root/root    141528 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/webapprt-stub
-rw-r--r-- root/root    485368 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/libfreebl3.so
-rwxr-xr-x root/root      2667 2016-03-04 12:51 ./usr/lib/firefox/firefox.sh
-rw-rw-r-- root/root       899 2016-03-04 14:21 ./usr/lib/firefox/libfreebl3.chk
-rw-r--r-- root/root  77983480 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/libxul.so
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/webapprt/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       487 2016-03-04 13:45 ./usr/lib/firefox/webapprt/webapprt.ini
-rw-r--r-- root/root     75363 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox/webapprt/omni.ja
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:56 ./usr/lib/firefox/webapprt/extensions/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/webapprt/defaults/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/webapprt/defaults/preferences/
-rw-r--r-- root/root        87 2016-03-04 12:33 ./usr/lib/firefox/webapprt/defaults/preferences/vendor-webapprt.js
-rw-r--r-- root/root   8521125 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox/omni.ja
-rw-r--r-- root/root    983960 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/libnss3.so
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox/defaults/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/defaults/pref/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       245 2016-03-04 13:46 ./usr/lib/firefox/defaults/pref/channel-prefs.js
-rw-r--r-- root/root      3786 2016-03-04 12:33 ./usr/lib/firefox/defaults/pref/vendor-gre.js
-rw-r--r-- root/root     14280 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/libplds4.so
-rw-r--r-- root/root    231760 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/libssl3.so
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/features/
-rw-r--r-- root/root   1276314 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/features/loop@mozilla.org.xpi
-rw-r--r-- root/root        40 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/chrome.manifest
-rw-r--r-- root/root    207840 2016-03-04 10:41 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/blocklist.xml
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/chrome/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/chrome/icons/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/chrome/icons/default/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       829 2016-03-04 10:41 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/chrome/icons/default/default16.png
-rw-r--r-- root/root      2472 2016-03-04 10:41 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/chrome/icons/default/default32.png
-rw-r--r-- root/root      4096 2016-03-04 10:41 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/chrome/icons/default/default48.png
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/icons/
-rw-r--r-- root/root     17225 2016-03-04 10:41 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/icons/mozicon128.png
-rw-r--r-- root/root  12333896 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/omni.ja
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/components/
-rw-r--r-- root/root        36 2016-03-04 13:57 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/components/components.manifest
-rw-r--r-- root/root     51240 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/components/libbrowsercomps.so
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/defaults/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/defaults/preferences/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       382 2016-03-04 12:33 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/defaults/preferences/vendor-firefox.js
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/share/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/share/pixmaps/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/share/apport/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/share/apport/package-hooks/
-rw-r--r-- root/root     53946 2016-03-04 12:51 ./usr/share/apport/package-hooks/source_firefox.py
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:06 ./usr/share/lintian/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:06 ./usr/share/lintian/overrides/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       180 2016-03-04 12:51 ./usr/share/lintian/overrides/firefox
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/share/applications/
-rw-r--r-- root/root      9177 2016-03-04 12:51 ./usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:06 ./usr/share/doc/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/share/doc/firefox/
-rw-r--r-- root/root     34975 2016-03-04 12:33 ./usr/share/doc/firefox/copyright
-rw-r--r-- root/root      1474 2016-03-04 14:37 ./usr/share/doc/firefox/changelog.Debian.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root       633 2016-03-04 12:51 ./usr/share/doc/firefox/README.Debian
-rw-r--r-- root/root      9380 2016-03-04 12:33 ./usr/share/doc/firefox/MPL.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:06 ./usr/share/man/
drwxr-xr-x root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:11 ./usr/share/man/man1/
-rw-r--r-- root/root       943 2016-03-04 14:06 ./usr/share/man/man1/firefox.1.gz
lrwxrwxrwx root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/bin/firefox -> ../lib/firefox/firefox.sh
lrwxrwxrwx root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/dictionaries -> ../../share/hunspell
lrwxrwxrwx root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/distribution/extensions -> ../../firefox-addons/distribution/extensions
lrwxrwxrwx root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/hyphenation -> ../../share/hyphen
lrwxrwxrwx root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/searchplugins -> ../../firefox-addons/searchplugins
lrwxrwxrwx root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/plugins -> ../../firefox-addons/plugins
lrwxrwxrwx root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/extensions -> ../../firefox-addons/extensions
lrwxrwxrwx root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/lib/firefox/browser/defaults/preferences/syspref.js -> /etc/firefox/syspref.js
lrwxrwxrwx root/root         0 2016-03-04 14:08 ./usr/share/pixmaps/firefox.png -> ../../lib/firefox/browser/icons/mozicon128.png

  is main executable created before other files that are needed to use the browser as intended

It is installed fairly at the end and the files after copied after "firefox" also are installed before "firefox" so I would assume yes.


Ubuntu 20.04 and Fenvi AX200 wifi / bluetooth card drivers or soolution to wifi not working?

Boot into Windows, disable Fast Startup feature there, then reboot to Ubuntu.
Windows doesn't shutdown by default and that is the problem.


How to restore mysql databases after upgrading to mariadb

Just have a copy of the mysql-5.7 folder (in /var/lib while maria db got installed) in some temporary location.

Now, in your /var/lib, you will have a folder called mysql which is your current db (without your old dump).

Now, stop your mysql. Move the mysql folder in /var/lib to some location for safety purpose and move the mysql-5.7 folder to /var/lib and rename it as mysql. Set the same privileges as set for previous mysql folder.

Restart mysql service again. You will have the old dump now.


How can I access my windows 7 drives in Ubuntu?

You can see your windows drives in Ubuntu from files.
For example I have two drives on windows. They are shown as New volume and 172 GB volume.
 To browse them just click on them and they will open.


Ubuntu 18.04 login screen Display settings

Copying the file monitors.xml from /home/user/.config into /var/lib/gdm3/.config/ and

sudo cp ~/.config/monitors.xml ~gdm/.config/monitors.xml
sudo chown gdm:gdm ~gdm/.config/monitors.xml

In /etc/gdm3/custom.conf changing from #WaylandEnable = false to WaylandEnable = false solved the issue.

UPDATE

The same things happen on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Focal Fossa, gdm somehow does not recognize which monitor is set as primary and the login screen appears on second Monitor.

Copying only monitors.xml solves the issue

sudo cp ~/.config/monitors.xml ~gdm/.config/monitors.xml


How can I sort fonts of different languages?

FYI: Almost all fonts support Unicode, so many languages are included.

I know one indirect GUI method.

You can launch Character Map (gnome-character-map), then select needed Script in the left and then try to select font names:

From terminal you can use fontconfig utilites and some scripting.
For example the command below will list all fonts for Finnish:

fc-list :lang=fi

see all options in /usr/share/doc/fontconfig/fontconfig-user.html.


Ubuntu 10.04 broken package (build-essential)

I fixed it. Anyway, if someone needs the answer, the problem was in my sources.list. I just changed it then

  sudo apt-get update

and the package was downloaded and installed successfully.


Sometimes programs are dropped in which case you can downgrade to 12.04 as you suggested or try installing another way like using the old repos package file, seeing if the program devs have their own up to date repos, or installing from source.

Synapse:

You can download the 13.10 version from http#://packages.ubuntu.com/saucy/synapse and install it. My understanding is it has a bug involving Unity/Gnome3 which is why Synapse hasn't yet been included. Some people say this version works fine in 14.04. Seems to work fine to me, but I've never used it before now.

Screen Rec of the steps (MP4 1MB): https://copy.com/stxCHYmU6luy

Steps:

Step #1

Open your web browser, go to this page", click the appropriate package version for your system [Eg: i386 for 32bit or amd64 for 64bit.], and pick a mirror to download from.

Step #2 (Optional)

In terminal type sudo apt-get install gdebi. [My instructions are for Gdebi. If you
choose to use Ubuntu Software Center then you will need to adjust my instructions
accordingly. I did it this way because Ubuntu Software Center kept getting stuck. I also happen to prefer Gdebi.]

Step #3

Navigate to your user account's download folder, right click on the .deb you downloaded, and from the "open with" options choose "gdebi". Click install.


Is it possible to undo an apt-get install command?

Basically, you'll have to both apt-get remove (or apt-get purge) the package and run apt-get autoremove after that, to have it revert the installation of package-one.

Let's look at the whole process:

sudo apt-get install package-one installs 50 dependencies with it marked "automatic" as also can be seen from the log excerpt in your question
sudo apt-get purge package-one removes (purges) just one, but do run this!

All following install actions (if you run any) will yield an informational message with the no longer needed packages:

The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  package-two package-three [...]
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.

This list is basically just a list of all packages marked as "automatic" without a reverse dependency on them. In other words, there's no reason for them to be installed as far as the package management is concerned.

Note: No installation is needed! It's just to demonstrate that APT is smart to tell you about your unneeded packages!
sudo apt-get autoremove --purge removes (purges) these

More information

Official documentation on autoremove from the apt-get(8) manpage:

  autoremove is used to remove packages that were automatically installed to satisfy dependencies for other packages and are now no longer needed.

What is the correct way to completely remove an application?


You could try using a bootable recovery tool like Paragon Rescue Kit - Free Edition. I've never used it, but it claims to have the ability to recover data from paritions that have been deleted. It supports the following file systems: NTFS (v1.2, v3.0, v3.1), FAT16/FAT32, Ext2FS/Ext3FS/Ext4FS, Linux Swap, HPFS (only view), Apple HFS+, and Backup Capsule.

http://www.paragon-software.com/home/rk-express/


Shell script - Ping address range then assign a down address to interface

I can provide something useful, hopefully:
Code taken (and, modified) from:
ping multiple IP's using bash?
#!/bin/bash
# Program name: pingall.sh
date
#/cat /path/tolist.txt |  while read output
cat list.txt | while read output

do
    ping -c 1 "$output" > /dev/null
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then

    # a try to assign ip adress:
    sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0

    echo "node $output is up"
    else

    echo "node $output is down"
    fi
done

a try to assign ip adress:
sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0
Edit:  The ifconfig (...) line is meant to be replaced by the found offline ip of choice.
The bold text Is the thing I modified,  and while this will probably not work out of the box;   It can hopefully provide some insight about how you would do;  Since I am not a expert in bash, I am just hoping this will be useful.  (Better than nothing I guess?)
If this is or if anyone finds anything that is , crazy. Totally wrong. Or downright wrong. Please,  point that out


There is no welcome screen, Ubuntu banner, or a guide to Ubuntu from the help section. Mint 12 however, does.


You have understood correctly, it is indeed the IP of your default gateway. As you can see in the output of route, that is 84.250.112.1, so why are you connecting to 84.250.112.0?

Everything should work as expected if you connect to 84.250.112.1 instead.


How to change the window theme in Gnome Shell

Download a theme>extract it>Inside it should have something similar to this:

As you can see there's a gtk-3.0 and a metacity-1 folder. These two folders should be in: /home/user/.themes/.

Then open up Gnome Tweak Tool>go to Theme>Window theme>Scroll down to the theme you want.

Log out, and done.


After going through my entire ~/.config directory and 'apt list --installed' I reopened Tweaks only to find it sitting at the bottom of the Extensions tab. It was an extension called gTile.
I'm still happy to award the answer to someone who can tell me how to find these extensions without the Tweaks app installed (i.e. via the terminal).


Is there a way to control whether daemon should be started on snap install command?

Not that I know of.
You can do that manually with the systemctl enable or disable commands with the generated .service file in /etc/systemd/system/.
You can as well have a wrapper script which is checking for a file in $SNAP_DATA and block until this one has some desired value, blocking thus the service to start until configured for example.

Another way to look at it (if your snap only ship this service), is why would people install a snap to have it not running?


manage.jujucharms.com is undergoing some updates right now so this issue will resolve itself once that's finished. Sorry for the inconvenience.

Edit: Back up!


How do I manually add sites to Firefox's Speed Dial?

You can manually add sites to the speed dial by drag'n'drop from your bookmarks or your history onto one of the speed dial slots.
Use Ctrl+B or Ctrl+H to open the list of bookmarks/history.


Dell Idrac Keyboard does not work after ubuntu 13.04 to 13.10 upgrade

Add:

usbcore.autosuspend=-1

to your kernel commandline parameters from the Grub menu and it should work. Something to do with the power management putting the iDrac fake keyboard to sleep.


GUI-based repository management is normally accomplished via "Software Sources". This interface can be accessed via several methods. For the latest versions of Ubuntu, the easiest way is to go through the "Ubuntu Software Center". Open the software center, then from the Edit menu select "Software Sources". You will have to enter your password to change settings in this window.

Select the "Other Software" tab and uncheck the offending repository.  This will disable the repository (You can re-enable it this way too).

Source: Ubuntu Repositories


Problem with add new interfaces to my network configuration

The ifconfig command does not show complete information about multiple addresses on an interface - it will only show you one ipv4 address at a time - and should be considered deprecated in favor of ip addr show.

The address assignments have almost certainly been successful, you're just not querying them correctly.

You should definitely not configure multiple interface stanzas in netplan which all match the same physical device; the behavior of such a config is undefined.


Cannot delete a tar.bz2 file from pendrive

you need to mount it in read write mode, since chmod is a write operation it will not work.

Check this instructions

Make Read items RW


This is simply possible by adding Command Applet to MATE Panel with corresponding Command inside - use something like hostname -I

or some scripting.
To add applet to MATE Panel you need to do right mouse click on top or bottom MATE Panel and then select Add to Panel menu item:

To install the applet use sudo apt-get install mate-applets .


Install a "base system" only and add only wanted packages after

Minimal CD Image for Ubuntu
Ubuntu-Wiki LowMemorySystems Installation
Google Knol Minimal Desktop Installation Guide

The minimal CD image will give just the command-line operating system, which allows you to install all the needed packages to run the graphical-X system.  Following either/both of the guides you can pick and choose exactly what you want to be included in your new system. After that, you can login into the base OS and run your preferred package manager (Synaptic, Muon, etc...) to add the extra packages from available repositories and ppa.


Create secure working environment on USB stick

You won't be able to encrypt the entire disk - and shouldn't need to. If you constrain all the sensitive data to just your home folder than you can select the "Encrypt home folder" option during the setup process. More on Encrypted home partitions can be found in this question


How can I calibrate my printer using the LaTeX test page?

If you use the (old) .tex->.dvi->.ps way to produce your postscript, you can use the follow trick:

latex myfile.tex
dvips -O0mm,4.5mm myfile.dvi

There are printer configuration files in the system; probably if you edit /usr/share/texlive/texmf/dvips/config/config.ps and introduce the offset here that will be applied automatically (this is the "default printer" that uses dvips when creating a file). Or you can create an ad-hoc printer specification to use with the dvips -P option. Remenber to run sudo texconfig rehash if you add a new file. (Notice: I have not tested this. I will edit this answer to a less terse one if I can find time to test...)

If you use direct PDF output, I am not sure. I will add to this answer if I find anything.


Auditd service restart creates auoms.rules file to /etc/audit/rules.d/

Finally solved it. Adding audit rules to etc/audit/rules.d/audit.rules with exactly the same conditions as auoms rules have, but using -a never, exit seems to work. Because of the first rule match principle, the audit.rules file will be processed before the auoms.rules.
-a never,exit /bin/kmod -p x -k iwantthesegone
-a never,exit /var/log/audit -p wxa -k iwantthesegone
-a never,exit /etc/audit -p x -k iwantthesegone
-a never,exit /etc/pam.d -p x -k iwantthesegone
-a never,exit /etc/passwd -p x -k iwantthesegone
-a never,exit /etc/group -p x -k iwantthesegone
-a never,exit -F arch=b64 -S execve,execveat -F key=iwantthesegone


MySQL server crashing on launch on Ubuntu server

To begin with /var needs to be

drwxr-xr-x  12 root root  4096 Mar 23  2016 var

The contents of /var that we both have I have this:

drwxrwsr-x  2 root staff  4096 Apr 11  2014 local
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root   4096 Apr 16  2014 opt
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root      9 Jun 13  2014 lock -> /run/lock
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root      4 Jun 13  2014 run -> /run
drwxrwsrwt  2 root mail   4096 Apr 10  2016 mail
drwxr-xr-x  6 root root   4096 Aug  2  2016 spool
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root   4096 Aug  2  2016 cache
drwxr-xr-x 57 root root   4096 Jul 25  2017 lib
drwxrwxrwt  2 root root   4096 Jul 27 06:25 crash
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root   4096 Jul 28 06:25 backups
drwxrwxrwt  2 root root   4096 Nov  7 14:55 tmp
drwxrwxr-x 12 root syslog 4096 Nov 19 06:25 log

My www is a sym,link so not including that one.

  chmod -R 777 on /var

You did more than that. Lots of files amd directories you show do not have 777 set.


The standard Unix/Linux/Ubuntu way of scheduling is using cron.  One may also use systemctl, which is way more flexible, but way more complicated.

The cron service is part of the standard install, so you probably already have it.  In case you do not, install in the usual way:

sudo apt install cron￼

To schedule your job, the crontab command will open a schedule in your default editor:

crontab -e￼

If you have not already chosen an editor, you will be asked to choose one.  The easiest for this task will be nano.   You will then be editing a file that looks like:

# Edit this file to introduce tasks to be run by cron.
#
# Each task to run has to be defined through a single line
# indicating with different fields when the task will be run
# and what command to run for the task
#
# To define the time you can provide concrete values for
# minute (m), hour (h), day of month (dom), month (mon),
# and day of week (dow) or use '*' in these fields (for 'any').
#
# Notice that tasks will be started based on the cron's system
# daemon's notion of time and timezones.
#
# Output of the crontab jobs (including errors) is sent through
# email to the user the crontab file belongs to (unless redirected).
#
# For example, you can run a backup of all your user accounts
# at 5 a.m every week with:
# 0 5 * * 1 tar -zcf /var/backups/home.tgz /home/
#
# For more information see the manual pages of crontab(5) and cron(8)
#
# m h  dom mon dow   command

Note the example in the file above.  To run your python script every day at 3am, you would use an entry like:

0 3 * * * python /path/to/my/script

When you exit the editor, the cron job will be set up to run.  I realize that this solution is very command-line oriented, but that's okay, since you will not be doing this very often. There are many other fancy things you can do with cron, such as running jobs at particular intervals throughout the day.  For some helpful examples, have a look at:

man 5 crontab


Long iptables rules efficiency & performance

In your second example, you define a new chain called table1, and route incoming packets to the new chain in order to perform matching on the chain.

This can be a good strategy if, for example, the processing you do on that chain is somewhat heavy and you don't want to subject all incoming packets to it.

But in your example,

ALL incoming traffic on the wlan0 interface is sent to the new chain (this even includes packets that are part of established connections!)
The processing on that chain is trivial - just matching by source and destination port.

So in this simple example the extra complexity of defining a new chain and routing everything to it is unnecessary and redundant, and were you able to measure a performance difference, would probably result in the lower performance.

Performance really won't affect you unless you have a lot more rules or much heavier processing.


Why do keyboard shortcuts stop working in Ubuntu 18.04 with Gnome

I don't really have great insights into this problem, but rather than leaving it without any answers, I'll share what I have. I think the comments on the question are great. Given that the problem happens after some time elapses running IntelliJ, I would suspect that some other application starts running and grabs those shortcut keys. It might even be some sort of plug-in in IntelliJ.

You might investigate any recently started processes when you first notice the problem start happening, via

ps e -o pid,start_time,command --sort start_time

If it is a transient process, that could be harder.


How can I check the installed AMD Catalyst driver version?

dmesg | grep fglrx | grep module will output something including a line with something like module loaded - fglrx 9.0.2 [Sep 20 2012]. The 9.0.2 part is the Catalyst version.

Note: in order to compare the fglrx package's version to AMD's version numbers, see How does the fglrx package's version relate to AMD's version numbers, like Catalyst 12.3?.


How to install the blue stripes animated wallpaper in Ubuntu 12.10

The background is part of the default gnome theme 'Adwaita'. You have to install the package gnome-themes-standard.

gnome-themes-standard


Merge unallocated space to extended partition and create new logical drive

You need to grow the extended partition till it assimilates the unused capacity, then you will be able to format. It needs to be within the boundary of the extended, as you can only have 4 MBR partitions or 3 + 1 extended with 5 or more partitions being within/part of the extended partition itself.


GNOME lock screen (screensaver) is missing music controls

i think this should solve your problem:

execute the following command:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver show-notifications true

this will enable notifications ( music too ) for gnome-screensaver .

( for disabling run the same command with false at the end! )

i found that command somewhere while i tried to fix my own problem..

Note: This solution on currently works for Rhythmbox and may be deployed in a later version of Gnome (3.8?) (See ref: lock screen bug report)


Creating an infinite number of words, guaranteed unique

The script below will generate guaranteed unique words from characters from the alphabet. The issue with any fixed length of characters is that it will produce a limited set of possibilities, limiting the size of your file.

I therefore used python's permutations, which produces a (finite) number of unique words. However After using all the combinations, we simply start over, printing the words 2, then 3, four, n times etc., every value for n will create a new unique word. Thus we have a generator to produce 100% certainly unique words.

The script:

import itertools
import string

ab = [c for c in string.ascii_lowercase]

t = 1
while True:
    for n in range(1, len(ab)+1):
        words = itertools.permutations(ab, n)
        for word in words:
            print(t*("".join(word)))
    t += 1

How to use

Simply copy the script into an empty file, save it as unique_generator.py
Run it by the command:

python3 /path/to/unique_generator.py > /path/to/bigfile.txt

Note

The script produces unique words of various lenght. If you want, start- or max length can be set, by changing the lines:

for n in range(1, len(ab)+1)

(replace the start of the range), and changing:

while True:

into (for example):

while t < 10:

In the last case, the length of the words is max 10 times the alphabet.

Ending the process

When running it from terminal, simply press Ctrl+C
Otherwise:

kill $(pgrep -f /path/to/unique_generator.py)

should do the job.


May I suggest you use our stable ppa? CouchDB from there will be landing in 10.04 backports soon.

What are PPAs and how do I use them?


You should not use PPA to get Terminator installed. You have to remove the problematic PPA with

sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:gnome-terminator/ppa

and then install the Terminator from universe pocket.

All you need is to enable this pocket and install package from it:

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install terminator

And then use it as was planned:

$ terminator -v
terminator 1.91


How should I package my sources so Launchpad build my package for all versions of Ubuntu?

Yes and no.

There is currently no way to use dput to upload a package that builds for multiple Ubuntu releases. However, you can accomplish your goal using one of these two methods:

Create a Recipe

If you are building a package from a branch on Launchpad and you have Debian packaging, create a daily build recipe that targets the Ubuntu releases you wish to support. This is described in more detail in the latter half of this answer.

This is really the best solution since it also automates new builds every time you make a change (with a limit on one automatic build per day, although you can manually dispatch additional builds).

Upload Multiple Builds Manually

This is not an ideal solution - but it works. What you need to do to make this work is:

Adjust the version number in the changelog to match this format:

[version]-1ppa1~[release]1

...where [version] is the package version and [release] is an Ubuntu release codename (like trusty, saucy, etc.).
Make sure the changelog is set to build the correct release. In other words, for Trusty, the first line of your changelog should look like this:

ffc (1.3.20140513-1ppa1~trusty1) trusty; urgency=medium

Upload the package using dput and then repeat the two steps above for each release you want to upload packages for. You can see an example of how this works here.


This is an old issue with certain versions of the alsa driver, but disabling Auto-Mute seems to fix the most immediate problems.Pops/Crackles on Realtek ALC892, HDA Intel PCH (ALSA)

Also in more recent distros with pulseaudio, it might be necessary to disable pulseaudio in order for the disabling of Auto-Mute to actually take effect.
How to Remove PulseAudio & use ALSA in Ubuntu Linux?

A bit scary how this issue actually digs all the way into the kernel, while still depending on pulseaudio, which in this situation we're actually totally fine without.


How to download full ubuntu on usb flash drive and allow it to dual boot off of windows pc

Use your optical disc drive to create an Ubuntu install disc. Then insert the USB drive and boot from DVD.
Now install Ubuntu to USB drive.

To be absolutely sure windows won't get harmed, you can temporarily unplug the HDD if the hardware permits it. (Some laptops won't..)


This is saying that it doesn't support the GUI of VLC but wel on command line. You can play , for example a video, if you put the file name as a a parameter:

optirun vlc /path/of/gamesofvideo.mkv

The problem is that is very painful to use vlc in text mode :-(


How can I prevent iwconfig power management from being turned on?

Type iwconfig and look at the output. You should see the name of your chip-set as well as the whether power management is off or on. If it doesn't say, it is probably off.

To turn off power management, go to /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf and you will see

[connection]
wifi.powersave = 3

Change the 3 to a 2 and reboot.

Then run iwconfig and if it worked you should see Power Management:off.

Source: https://sites.google.com/site/easylinuxtipsproject/internet


You should check if network-manager is install.

terminal : sudo apt-get install network-manager.

You should check the infos about your wireless card too.

terminal : lspci

And installing the proper drivers.


Dualboot Ubuntu (13.04) + Windows 8 in EFI mode. Can't see dualboot screen (screen completely black) or BIOS screen, among other problems

The second problem might just be screen brightness.  I have the same device.  On startup it shows the ubuntu boot screen for a moment and then suddenly goes black.  But its just the brightness which is somehow initialized to its lowest level, and lowest level means black on this device.

I put the following line in \etc\rc.local, right before exit 0.

cat /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/max_brightness > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

Now the lights go off and immediately on again.


This answer solved the problem for me: askubuntu.com/a/779924/341706 . You just need to update with a different compression method. Thanks @c0smicVorTeX


I suspect you're talking about this part:

  Free software includes software that has met the Ubuntu licensing
  requirements,[53] which roughly correspond to the Debian Free Software
  Guidelines. Exceptions, however, include firmware and fonts, in the
  Main category, because although they are not allowed to be modified,
  their distribution is otherwise unencumbered. [citation needed]

And the relevant part about firmware from the the webpage referenced there is:

  Documentation, firmware and drivers

  Ubuntu contains licensed and copyrighted works that are not
  application software. For example, the default Ubuntu installation
  includes documentation, images, sounds, video clips and firmware. The
  Ubuntu community will make decisions on the inclusion of these works
  on a case-by-case basis, ensuring that these works do not restrict our
  ability to make Ubuntu available free of charge, and that you can
  continue to redistribute Ubuntu.

And a little above that, emphasis mine:

  Ubuntu 'main' component licence policy

  All application software included in the Ubuntu main component:

  Must include source code. The main component has a strict and non-negotiable requirement that application software included in
  it must come with full source code.

By considering "firmware" as not "application software", they have relaxed the requirement of having their source code be available and modifiable, allowing them to be in main.

At this point you'd probably need a couple of countries' worth of lawyers, a few dozen courts and appeals, and a high noon to decide the validity of this, but that's not something to be settled here on Ask Ubuntu.


You can setup a dual-boot install, or replace Windows 7, it's entirely up to you.

I would recommend having at least 75 Gb free on your hard drive, and doing at least 50 Gb on a partition dedicated to Ubuntu.

Download and burn the Kubuntu ISO to a disc, or you can use Rufus to load the ISO data onto a USB drive (Rufus will also make it bootable).

The Kubuntu installer will allow you to partition your hard drive, and has the option to install Kubuntu alongside Windows 7, or replace: It is entirely up to you.


external monitor has very washed out colors, blacks look almost gray

I found a solution that worked for me here:
https://www.kubuntuforums.net/showthread.php?63895-Black-level-too-high-after-upgrade-to-13-10

I tried to fix the problem with xrandr brightness and gamma settings too with no luck. In the end,

xrandr --output HDMI3 --set "Broadcast RGB" "Full"

was all I had to run.

My HDMI monitor also had this issue after upgrading to 13.10.


BIOS mode

I think you had drives with the MSDOS partition table before. Such drives do not need a bios_grub partition. Instead part of grub is written into the head of the drive (between 512 B and 1 MiB) in order to boot in BIOS mode (alias CSM alias legacy mode).
If there is a GUID partition table, GPT, you need a small partition with the bios_grub flag (for the corresponding grub data) in order to boot in BIOS mode (alias CSM alias legacy mode).

I think the reason why you see a partition with the bios_grub flag is that you have installed an operating system in BIOS mode, and the installer created that partition for you.

UEFI mode

With both kinds of partition tables you need an EFI system partition in order to boot in UEFI mode.

Link

See more details at this link, help.ubuntu.com/community/DiskSpace


It is possible. Please do:

gksudo gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

Swap eth0 and eth1. Proofread carefully, save and close gedit. Use any other text editor if you don't have gedit. Reboot immediately and you should be all set.


Can I install Ubuntu On My Raspberry pie?

I recommend checking out this: https://ubuntu.com/download/raspberry-pi. They provide some excellent resources and the instructions are pretty easy to follow.
You do need to make some choices -- like whether you want your Pi to run as a pure server or as desktop. But other than that you should be well on your way.


How to recover disk and files after 10.04 boot failure?

I would start by finding your installer/live disk and mounting the drive. After mounting the drive run

sudo update-grub

to fix the bootloader.


How do I arrange windows with keyboard shortcuts?

LewisTM over on ubuntuforums.org gave a great reply that solves all my problems:

  If you want to keep your window
  manager and emulate the grid fucntionality, you can try PyWO - Python Window Organizer. It can be controlled with the keyboard.

  Cheers!

I had first tried installing compiz, but it made all sorts of problems as the lxde panel sort of had problems, keyboard shortcuts (like ctrl alt t) stopped working, etc. It really caused issues.

This python script does everything I need it to! Highly recommended.


Problems while installing Ubuntu on HP Envy 17-j050

I've recently purchased a HP Envy 17 j053ea machine to take advantage of the i7 and oodles of memory .. Cutting to the chase I suffered from many issues with this install .. the wireless didn't work, the screen "black screened" during installation and thereafter during booting.

FIX AFTER BOOT FOR nVidia:

sudo service lightdm stop
cd ~/Downloads
sudo chmod a+x NVIDIA-Linux-x86-304.51.run
./ NVIDIA-Linux-x86-304.51.run

After booting 12.04 LTS go to:

http://www.nvidia.co.uk/Download/index.aspx?lang=en-uk

and download the latest driver for your card (in my case the GeForce 700M series → GeForce GT 740M)

Then from a shell do:

bash# sudo service lightdm stop
bash# cd ~/Downloads
bash# sudo chmod a+x NVIDIA*.run
bash# ./NVIDIA*.run

This (in my case) gave an error about not finding a screen but continued to install … the documentation says you may have to run it twice … Any how after a reboot this fixed my screen issues .. and

lspci

now shows an NVIDIA Corporation GK208M [GeForce GT 740M] device ….

BLACK SCREEN FIX for HP Envy 17 j053ea:
This was much harder to fix … the initial get around for the black screen was the boot option acpi=off ... but this of course meant that the laptop would not suspend when I closed the lid -> clearly suboptimal ... After searching for the past two days I have found many good articles/explanations of acpi and a much better option:

For info on acpi see: I WOULD ADD THESE BUT I NEED 10 REPUTATION APOLOGIES email me ...
For more info see:

Then I found:
No ACPI support for my PC, what can I do? from irrational_john ... way to go .. acpi=ht didn't work but pci=noacpi has done the trick ... many thanks … for your hardware I'd recommend John's approach pf cycling through the options he provided:

nolapic
noapic
acpi_osi=“Linux”
acpi_osi=“Windows 2006”
acpi=ht
pci=noacpi
acpi=noirq
pnpacpi=off

With this in hand abd to address “wub's” .. on point answer above, once you find the one that works:

bash# cd /etc/default
bash# sudo vi grub

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=

and make it (in my case):

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=“quiet splash pci=noacpi”
>

bash# sudo update-grub

bash# sudo reboot

Hope this helps in some way ...


Active download does not supersede suspend

First of all, a Suspended System only preserves your RAM data,would not continue processing because thats what suspending means.

So no way of continuing download if system is on suspend mode.

What can be done is:

Disable suspend  (System settings->Power->Don't suspend when inactive for)
Just lock screen(Ctrl+Alt+L) if you go off the system.
System continues to process whatever it's set for.

NOTE: You need to change POWER SETTINGS only if you put system on suspend(while inactive).


can I get the launcher to "re see" open processes?

That looks like bamfdaemon has died or has problems. Check with pgrep -l bamf, is it running?

If it is not running start is with nohup /usr/lib/bamf/bamfdaemon
If it is running then kill it with killall bamfdaemon, then click on one of your apps on the launcher which should restart the daemon (your first click though will still be handled wrongly, since it takes some time for the daemon to come up.) If it won't restart, then start it yourself like above.


What to do if Ubuntu cannot display your files in hdd

An input/output error usually is a sign of a failing hard disk.

You can check if that is indeed the case using gnome-disks from the package gnome-disk-utility.


"'Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'" when trying to do commands

May be you need to reset mysql root password:

Change /etc/mysql/my.cnf configuration file and add skip-grant-tables:

[mysqld]

skip-grant-tables

Restart service, and login with root without password, then change the root password:

SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('your_new_password');

Remove skip-grant-tables entry from my.cnf and restart mysql.


how to install Kingsoft Office in Ubuntu 12.04

I wasn't able to find the downloads on their official homepage, therefore I will use a post on OmgUbuntu!.co.uk.

To install KingSoft Office you have to download the .deb from here:
http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2013/05/microsoft-office-clone-wps-updates-interface-improves
When the download is done, simply double click on the .deb file which will open the Ubuntu Software Center, and from here you click "Install".
When installing is complete, you should be able to find the applications from your Dash.

If you are running Ubuntu 64 bit you'll have to install the package ia32-libs.

The ia32-libs package is available as a free download in the Ubuntu Software Center.


Starting nodejs application on server start gives exit with code 2

I am not using node.js, so please take this with a grain of salt.

However I looked up reserved exit codes for Unix in general, and Code 2 seems to be similar to Code 1 (general error).

You could try node with a trivial program, and therefore see if it also emits the same row of error messages. It could be the app.js that displays these messages. Does node have a man page? It generally includes the exit codes the program uses.

Also I've searched for ways to exit a process in node with an exit code, and the right way to do this seems to be the process object.


How to re-arrange application indicators in top bar? (Ubuntu 17.10)

EDIT: I should point out I am unsure whether this will work on 17.10, I can confirm for 16.04

First, use the following command to find what the system calls each indicator:

dbus-send --type=method_call --print-reply --dest=com.canonical.indicator.application /com/canonical/indicator/application/service com.canonical.indicator.application.service.GetApplications | grep "object path" | sed 's/_/-/g' | cut -d"/" -f5

Then, add each to the file /usr/share/indicator-application/ordering-override.keyfile, and order them by number, with 1 being the right-most position.
An example ordering-override.keyfile file might look as follows:

[Ordering Index Overrides]
nm-applet=1
gnome-power-manager=2
ibus=3
gst-keyboard-xkb=4


There's probably a name conflict between a python file stored in your home directory and file that's being used by the python. I solved this by moving all python files in my home directory to a newly created folder.
mkdir python_files
mv *py ./python_files/


Can you set passwords in .ssh/config to allow automatic login?

Trading off security for convenience never ends well...

Could you use ssh-copy-id from the openssh-client package?

From man ssh-copy-id:

  ssh-copy-id is a script that uses ssh to log into a remote
  machine and append the indicated identity file to that
  machine's ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file.


It appears you clicked one of the download links marked Generic. That's understandable, since the site strangely uses the Ubuntu logo to represent the generic download.

You'll probably be best served to get the .deb package. These links are marked Debian. Ubuntu is based on Debian; both use .deb packages and most .deb packages for Debian will work reasonably well on Ubuntu. (Not all.) Usually if the only available .deb pakage for a program is for Debian rather than Ubuntu, it's worth trying to install using that.

So on the WhatPulse download page, under Download for Linux:

click Debian (7.0+) 32bit if you're running the 32-bit version of Ubuntu.
click Debian (7.0+) 64bit if you're running the 64-bit version of Ubuntu.

(The link you included in your question is a 64-bit download link, so I'm guessing you have the 64-bit version. But if you're not sure if your Ubuntu system is 32-bit or 64-bit, you should check. One way to check is to open a Terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T and run the command uname -m. x86_64 means you have a 64-bit PC or Intel Mac. i686 means you have a 32-bit PC or Intel Mac.)

You should be able to install the software by double-clicking on the .deb file after downloading it. If not:

You can use the Software Center to install gdebi, and use gdbei to install the package.
Or you can always do it in the Terminal. To do that, in a Terminal window (Ctrl+Alt+T), type sudo dkpg -i, including a space after -i. Drag the downloaded .deb file into the Terminal--this will paste its full path. Press Enter to run the command. Enter your password when prompted (in the Terminal, it doesn't look like anything is happening when you type a password, but it's receiving it; just type it in and press Enter.)

If you are told during installation that some dependencies were unsatisfied, then you can usually fix this by telling Ubuntu's package management system to automatically install them. To do this, open a Terminal window (if you don't have one open already) by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T and run these two commands, letting the first finish before running the second:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f install

You may be prompted for your password; as above, no placeholder characters (like *) appear as you type it in, but that's no problem, just type it and press Enter.

Before following any advice in this answer, please check out the warning at the bottom. I don't put a generic disclaimer on my work; it speaks to the circumstances of this particular question and answer.

Why I Recommend Installing the Debian Package

Some people recommend against "cross-installation," the installation of software intended for one version of Ubuntu on another, or intended for another operating system (like Debian) that uses .deb packages on Ubuntu.

Of course the best thing to do is to get a package that it made for the version of Ubuntu you are running. If that doesn't exist, the best thing to do is to build the software from source yourself (assuming you don't make mistakes while doing so). Unfortunately that is not an option here; WhatPulse is closed source and the source code is not available (see below for details on that).

If you can't install a package meant for your version of Ubuntu and you can't install from source code, there are other options. WhatPulse provides precompiled binaries for manual installation and a system configuration script (see Wolfer's answer, and the Alternate Way section of this answer, below). Alternatively, you can install .deb packages advertised for a system other than yours, on your system; that's cross-installation.

Some people say it's best to avoid cross-installation even if there is no package built for your Ubuntu release and no source code that you can build yourself. This is a reasonable position, but I disagree. I think cross-installation is most likely your best option, in this particular situation. Here's why:

Any package that is intended to work on multiple releases of Debian is likely to work on Ubuntu, too. If it works properly on multiple Debian releases then it probably doesn't have such narrow requirements regarding the toolchain with which its dependencies were built, that it would likely be a problem on Ubuntu.
To benefit from a package that is really intended for your Ubuntu release, the package has to be built specifically for your release, using the toolchain (compiler, linker, and other tools) for your release. Except software from official Ubuntu repositories and from PPA's (which fortunately covers a lot of software ...but not WhatPulse), it's very rare for any package to be build this way. If it were build this way, they'd be offering multiple Ubuntu packages or stipulating that the package they offer is specifically intended to be run on a particular version of Ubuntu. This is not unheard of, but it is very rare.

Most of the time, what it means for a third-party-provided, non-PPA .deb package to be an Ubuntu package is that the developer or webmaster happened to include the word "Ubuntu" in its description on the website.
Lots of widely respected, professional-quality software is offered as a single .deb package (or a 32-bit package and a 64-bit package) for all reasonably current Debian and Ubuntu systems. Google Chrome is one example. It was probably tested on both systems, but it is still a "cross-installation" for every system except the specific version of whichever of the two OSes it was built on.
Some objections to cross-installation are based on concerns that installing a .deb package for a different OS could put your Ubuntu system's package manager into a broken state. This is possible, but I'm not aware of any evidence that this is more likely to occur as a result of cross-installation than as a result of any other installation of a non-official, non-PPA package. (PPA packages are built on Launchpad with the proper toolchain so they tend to install and uninstall properly, though not always.) Furthermore, such problems are almost always very easy to fix, and there are lots of Internet resources (including Ask Ubuntu) to help you fix them.
When you install a .deb package (any .deb package, whether intended for a different OS or Ubuntu release, or not), the package manager runs as root and performs systemwide configuration changes, which can potentially break things other than the system that keeps track of what packages are installed and facilitates the package installation, uninstallation, and upgrading. However, if you download the "Generic" distribution of WhatPulse, there is a script you have to run (as root), which makes the same kind of modifications. So that is unlikely to be a disadvantage of cross-installation, in this situation.

Alternate Way

I don't recommend you use this way unless installing the Debian package as explained above doesn't work, or for some reason you don't want to do it that way. Furthermore, if the above way doesn't work, it might still be easier, or produce better results, for you to comment and/or edit your question to explain the problem (then you can get further help, specific to whatever problem occurs).

If you do want to install from the "generic" .tar.gz file you downloaded, first make sure it's for the correct architecture. That is, make sure it's the 32-bit version if you're running the 32-bit version of Ubuntu, or the 64-bit version if you're running the 64-bit version of Ubuntu.

Most software distributed as a .tar.gz, .tar.bz2, or .tar.xz (there are some other variants) is source code that you have to compile. However, WhatPulse is proprietary "freeware" (gratis but not free as in freedom), and as is often the case for such software, its source code is not published.

The .tar.gz file for WhatPulse contains the actual executable binary, together with a script that installs it and a readme file. This is an archive (sort of like a .zip file on Windows), so you can double-click on it to view its contents, or right-click on it and click Extract Here.

First, read the readme file (README.txt), and take a look at the web page it points to. If the resources there--which are likely to be kept more up to date than this ansswer (though you or anyone may feel free to edit this answer to keep it up to date!)--conflict with the advice here, you should most likely do what it says (but use your judgment).

If you haven't actually extracted the contents of the .tar.gz file yet, do that.
Open a Terminal window (Ctrl+Alt+T). Change directory in the Terminal to the directory where you extracted the .tar.gz file. One way to do this is to type cd (with a space at the end) in the Terminal, then drag the folder from Nautilus (the file browser) into the Terminal, then press Enter.
Based on the information currently here, I've guessed as to exactly what Ubuntu packages may be needed as dependencies of WhatPulse. I've deliberately guessed broadly; that is, I suspect that perhaps some of the following libraries may not be necessary, but I'm trying to increase the chance that this will work. So, according to my guess, the following commands should install the libraries upon which WhatPulse depends, in order to work on Ubuntu.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libqtcore4 libqtwebkit4 libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-sqlite libssl-dev libqtscript4-core libqtscript4-gui libqtscript4-network libqtscript4-webkit libpcap0.8 libpcapnav0

You can, of course, copy and paste from your web browser into your Terminal; you don't have to manually type any of this.
Run the setup script that gives WhatPulse the ability to monitor what you do on your computer:

sudo sh setup-input-permissions.sh

Move or copy the WhatPulse executable program (the file called just whatpulse) wherever you want it. There's no need to do this part in the Terminal, though you certainly an if you know how.

If you want to be able to launch it by typing whatpulse (in a Terminal, or in the Unity dash), it's best to put it somewhere in your executable search path. I recommend putting it in the bin folder inside your home folder. (If that folder doesn't exist, you can create it). If your bin folder did not exist before, you'll have to log out and back in (or reboot, if you prefer) for files in there to be automatically found when you try to run them

After all that, assuming everything worked, you should be able to run whatpulse from the Terminal or by pressing Alt+F2 (and typing it in, and pressing Enter or clicking on whatpulse if it comes up).

There is no need to run whatpulse itself with sudo. You should not do that (and it looks like it might not work if you do; it's not intended to be run that way).

I'm not sure if WhatPulse will give you the option of making it start up automatically when you run it. But if it doesn't, and if you want it to start automatically, see:

How do I start applications automatically on login?

  Finally, please note that I have not used WhatPulse, and am only
  vaguely familiar with it. This means two things.

  It means I cannot be sure this will work--I don't have the ability to try it out myself first.
  It also means I cannot vouch for the security of WhatPulse, or be sure that it works the way it says it does, and so forth. I am not
  saying it doesn't, just that I don't know enough about it to say
  (which is why I don''t have the "ability" to try it out myself first).


Use the first one if you want the most stable, most tested driver.

Use the second last one if you want a possibly less stable, but more up to date driver, which is updated whenever Nvidia makes a new official driver release. I would recommend this one.


Change audio level selection border to something besides orange

look for this part from the shell theme you are using

/* Slider */
.slider {
  height: 1em;
  -slider-height: 0.3em;
  -slider-background-color: #363633;
  -slider-border-color: #1f1f1c;
  -slider-active-background-color: blue;
  -slider-active-border-color: yellow;
  -slider-border-width: 1px;
  -slider-handle-radius: 6px; }

-slider-active-border-color: yellow I have choose the color yellow


Look Shares and Automounter parts here:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SettingUpNFSHowTo

It seems the folder /home/Shared can be Samba or even Apple software related.

Can be helpful:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1902093

testparm -s

look in your /usr/local/etc/smb.conf some about (part of out from link above):

[shared]
comment = Shared Folder
path = /home/shared
valid users = +samba, +dakids
read list = +dakids
write list = +samba
read only = No
create mask = 0777
directory mask = 0777
browseable = No


Go to the refine folder and set the correct file permissions with

chmod +x refine

You can then launch the executable with:

./refine

You can run from shell script named run_refine.sh, for example:

#! /bin/bash

~/Downloads/openrefine-2.6-beta.1/refine

You will need to set the executable permission first with:

chmod +x run_refine.sh

Then you can launch the script with:

./run_refine.sh


My HP laptop from that era had a R6168 wireless network card (shows via lspci), but often, the R6169 network drivers get loaded.  The R6169 will work, but depending on the router, the connection will struggle and you'll see the network go up and down a lot, killing throughput.  You'll get the same mismatch if you have the R8111 card.

Solution:  Install the R6168 drivers from Realtek.  They didn't get install automatically like they should have.


Looks like the theme was poorly built. You can always edit the theme elements and make them right according to gnome icons guidelines, but if you are not that patient then find some other theme and apply it.
If you want to edit the then the icon themes are in
/usr/share/icons/*your theme name*


Edit your bookmark (Ctrl+B) and specify the remote path in the location field.


Zeus + Poseidon not running after update

In the meantime i found out, that the problem seemed to be issues with the nvidia driver. After manually installing a suitable driver, everything works fine again.


Will Ubuntu 11.10 uses GNOME 3 apps with Unity interface?

It's hard to know, but it's likely that you are right.

Bits of the GNOME 3 stack will make their way into 11.04, but a lot of the core libraries and hence many of the updated programs+utilities aren't going to be in 11.04.

It's quite normal for parts of the GNOME stack to be a release or so behind in Ubuntu, and considering the magnitude of the changes in GNOME 3 (the libraries have changed a lot; it's not just GNOME Shell) then it's not surprising that it's the case this time.

I'd except far more GNOME 3 goodness to make it's way into 11.10.


I upgrade Atom but its version does not change

My Atom is not beta, it's version 1.23.1 and I installed it from the Ubuntu Software app in Ubuntu 16.04. For information about how to  install Atom, see this answer. I installed the teletype 0.40 package in Atom from Packages -> Settings View -> Install Packages/Themes.


You fire up a terminal and you ssh the host

ssh username@host.domain.something

if you have your credentials on the server side you ll be asked about the signature of the host and if you have a passprase you will need to provide it(which you don't as I can get from your keygen).

A bit more inside information in your home directory /home/username/ there is a folder called .ssh which you can reveal with ctrl+h. There you can find all your keys. The keys with extention .pub are the ones you should use in case someones askes you for your key. In the filename also its included the algorithm of encryption.


It is not possible to convert an existing installation between 32-bit and 64-bit while keeping installed software. You need to do a reinstall.

The reason behind this is that it's actually classed as a different CPU architecture.  Despite the fact that the CPU can run either, and Linux distributions are starting to support multi-arch (and you can even run a 64-bit kernel with a 32-bit installation), you still need to choose one or the other for your base architecture and it's not something you can incrementally swap over on a working installation.

Note too that the assumption behind your question is false. If your computer is crashing on 64-bit it is almost certainly not because it is 64-bit. While there is always a possibility that a full reinstall (whether moving to different version/architecture or not) may solve a problem - particularly if you didn't have the problem when you first installed - it represents a last resort in troubleshooting.


How can I give a script its own icon in the Unity launcher?

Why it doesn't work like you do

As mentioned in the comment, an application in principle can only be represented by one icon in the launcher at a time. This has always been the case.

What you are referring to is probably that Unity has become "smarter" in determining which of the .desktop files is the best representative for the application's window. Therefore, your script, running a terminal window, will be represented by the gnome-terminal -icon:

Therefore, what worked in the past in your setup, simply creating a launcher, starting your script, doesn't fool Unity anymore, and it picks the existing gnome-terminal launcher to represent your window.

The bad solution

...is to overrule Unity's choice by adding a line to your launcher (for 16.04):

StartupWMClass=gnome-terminal-server

...but then all terminal windows, no matter if they run your script or not, are grouped under this icon.

Furthermore, in general, having multiple .desktop files, calling the same application in their main command is bad, unclean practice.

EDIT

How to have (a) separate icon(s) for a running script(s)

It takes a bit of trickery and deceit, but it is possible to have a separate icon for multiple scripts, running in different terminal windows.

How it works in practice

Say you have a script, somscript.sh, which you want to run in a terminal window, showing its dedicated icon in the Unity Launcher while it runs.
Run the command:

showicon somescript.sh someicon.png

and the script will run inside a newly opened gnome-terminal window, showing the icon: someicon.png
If the window is closed, the icon is removed from the launcher again.

An example

I want a script, /home/jacob/Bureaublad/script.sh, run, showing in the Unity launcher with icon: /home/jacob/Thema/icon/ubu.png
Running the command:

showicon '/home/jacob/Bureaublad/script.sh' '/home/jacob/Thema/icon/ubu.png'

will do that:

Now let's add another one:

showicon '/home/jacob/Bureaublad/script2.sh' '/home/jacob/Thema/icon/banaan.png'

The result:

Once the windows are closed, the icon(s) are removed again.

How to setup

The script needs wmctrl

sudo apt-get install wmctrl

Create, if it doesn't exist yet, the directory ~/bin
Copy the script below into an empty file, save it as showicon (no extension) in ~/bin, and make it executable
Log out and back in, your setup should work. Test it with the command

showicon </path/to/script.sh> </path/to/icon.png>

to have script.sh run in a terminal, showing icon.png in the Unity launcher.

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import os
import sys
import time

terminal = "gnome-terminal"
key = "com.canonical.Unity.Launcher"
script = sys.argv[1]
icon = sys.argv[2]

curr = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
scriptname = script.split("/")[-1]

def get(command):
    try:
        return subprocess.check_output(command).decode("utf-8")
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
        pass

# --- edit Unity launcher section

def current_launcher():
    return eval(get(["gsettings", "get", key, "favorites"]))

def set_launcher(desktopfile, arg):
    curr_launcher = current_launcher()
    last = [i for i, x in enumerate(curr_launcher) if x.startswith("application://")][-1]
    new_icon = "application://"+desktopfile
    if arg == "a":
        if not new_icon in curr_launcher:
            curr_launcher.insert(0, new_icon)
            subprocess.Popen(["gsettings", "set", key,"favorites",str(curr_launcher)])
    elif arg == "r":
        curr_launcher.remove(new_icon)
        subprocess.Popen(["gsettings", "set", key,"favorites",str(curr_launcher)])

# --- end section

def create_launcher(w, scriptname, icon):
    launcher = ["[Desktop Entry]", "Type=Application",
            "Exec=wmctrl -ia "+w, "Name="+scriptname, "Icon="+icon,
            "StartupNotify=False"]
    with open(l_name, "wt") as newlauncher:
        for l in launcher:
            newlauncher.write(l+"\n")

def getname():
    # create unique launcher name
    n = 1
    while True:
        nm = os.path.join(curr, "scriptlauncher_"+str(n)+".desktop")
        if os.path.exists(nm):
            n += 1
        else:
            break
    return nm

wlist1 = [l.split()[0] for l in get(["wmctrl", "-l"]).splitlines()]
subprocess.Popen(["gnome-terminal", "-e", script])

while True:
    time.sleep(1)
    wdata = get(["wmctrl", "-l"]).splitlines()
    if wdata:
        try:
            wlist2 = [l.split()[0] for l in wdata]
            w = [w for w in wlist2 if not w in wlist1][0]
        except IndexError:
            pass
        else:
            # check if the new window belongs to the terminal
            if terminal in get(["xprop", "-id", w]):
                # create launcher
                l_name = getname()
                create_launcher(w, scriptname, icon)
                set_launcher(l_name, "a")
                break
    wlist1 = wlist2

while True:
    time.sleep(2)
    wdata = get(["wmctrl", "-l"])
    if wdata:
        if not w in wdata:
            os.remove(l_name)
            set_launcher(l_name, "r")
            break

Note

What the icon does:

It represents the gnome-terminal window, running your script
When clicking on it, it raises the window, as usual. The command to do so is automatically added to the temporary launcher:

wmctrl -ia <window_id>

What it does not:

The only downside of this solution is that the icon does not show the usual arrow on the left for running apps, since the representation is indirect.

Explanation

Without going too much into detail:

The script is a wrapper. If you launch your script via showicon, an instance of showicon runs your script in a gnome-terminal window, similar to Terminal=true.
Subsequently, showicon waits for the new gnome-terminal window to appear and reads its window id.
A temporary launcher is then created, using the window id to create the command to raise the window in its Exec= line. The icon you set as argument in the command to run showicon is automatically set as icon of this temporary launcher (defined in the line Icon=).

an example of such an automatically created (temporary) launcher:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=wmctrl -ia 0x04400b7f
Name=script2.sh
Icon=/home/jacob/Thema/icon/ubu.png
StartupNotify=False

Using the very same procedure as in this answer, the temporary launcher is added to the Unity Launcher, in the top position, to represent your running script.
In the meantime, showicon checks for the window to exist. If not (anymore), the temporary launcher is removed from the Unity launcher and removed from existence at all, and the showicon instance is terminated.


How can I save a log of an Ubuntu server terminal on an external PC using SSH?

If you want to do that from perl someone else will have to answer, but if you want to do it from the terminal session, I do this. In the terminal I hit Shift+Ctrl+A, which selects all the text in the buffer for that terminal session. I then paste it into geany and save it. If you are not getting the entire session you may want to increase the number of scrollback lines in Preferences.


Drivers for HP deskjet 2545 ubuntu 14.04

Have you tried HPLIP Toolbox?. Please see this link. HP Deskjet d2545 Printer is listed there. You can install via software centre. Latest version is available here.


How to fix USB mouse and keyboard freezing?

Try this command, it is a temporary solution:

sudo sh -c "echo -1 > /sys/module/usbcore/parameters/autosuspend"

I found it on Keyboard stops working Ubuntu 16.04


How do I extraxt audio files from mkv files? TO DELET THE MUSIC IN THE BACKGROUND

it's very easy to extract audio files from *.mkv files. I suggest you to install MKVToolNix, from here > https://mkvtoolnix.download/ and follow but I'll outline what you have to do:

open your terminal (Ctrl+Alt+t)
run this commands:

wget -q -O - https://mkvtoolnix.download/gpg-pub-moritzbunkus.txt | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mkvtoolnix mkvtoolnix-gui

after that you can open with right click you mkv files and untick all except audio files. After that you can save your mpa (MP4 audio only) file(s) somewhere.

Here, I've compiled video to help you :)


it says printing job is done, but nothing printed

Install Linux 32/64bit(depending on your pc) canon driver v2.71 from https://www.canon-europe.com/support/consumer_products/products/printers/laser/i-sensys_lbp2900.html?type=drivers&driverdetailid=tcm:13-1057853&os=linux%20%2864-bit%29&language=en

Go to you where you downloaded your driver. Type: tar -xf linux-capt-drv-v271-uken.tar.gz

Then type: cd linux-capt-drv-v271-uken/64-bit_Driver/Debian/

Then type  sudo dpkg -i cndrvcups-capt_2.71-1_amd64.deb

Put in your user password

Reboot your pc


How do you use the Commander plugin in gedit?

Activate the commander plugin from Edit -> Preferences ->Plugins Tab, there check the commander plugin.

Now click Edit -> Commander Mode and you'll see a command prompt at the bottom.

Here is an excerpt from the Commander plugin page on Gnome Libraries:

See an overview of available commands - Tab + Tab
Find a word within the current file - / foo - This will find the word foo.
Replace a word within the current file - // foo bar - This will replace foo with bar.
Move the cursor to a certain line number in your file - go [line number] or just g [line number]
Toggle the bookmark indicator for the current line - bookmark or just b


I figured out the reason:

Turns out, Quickly scans your python code to generate a list of dependencies. If you have half-written modules with syntax errors, quickly package will fail (even if you haven't imported the offending modules anywhere.)


always prompt the user before executing a command in the shell

I have played with bash a bit and figured out a hack by which this could be made possible.

#!/bin/bash

debug_trap () {
    echo "executing $BASH_COMMAND"
    echo "Allow?"
    select choice in yes no
    do
        if [ "$choice" = "yes" ]
        then break
        elif [ "$choice" = "no" ]
        then return 1
        fi
    done
}

shopt -s extdebug
trap debug_trap DEBUG

You can save this script under, say, confirm-any-command.sh and source it in your bashrc. It will ask for confirmation of each command you will try to execute.

Please note that this is nothing more than a proof-of-concept hack; I doubt it can really be any useful in this form. If you will have to confirm each and every command you type, you will very soon acquire a habit to automatically hit "yes" after each command. Your mental mapping for "end of command" will change from just Enter to Enter,yes,Enter - you will be typing it as a whole, don't even trying to spend some time on verifying that you really want this command to execute. This is counterproductive and won't help you.


Xubuntu failed to start load kernel modules

I couldn't find a solution, so I used recovery mode to save my files and install XUbuntu again.


Switching from old CRT monitor to new LED monitor

Ubuntu does not recognize a new monitor when it is replaced on the fly. That is, when the computer is running, and you yank out the cable of the old monitor and put in the new one. This is not safe, and may damage your computer and / or monitor.

The proper method is to turn the computer off.
Turn the old monitor off.
Unplug the old monitor from its power source.
Plug the new monitor (LCD) to the computer.
Plug the new monitor to the power source, and turn it on.
Finally, turn the computer on.

When the computer is turned back on, it will verify that a monitor is connected and at that time it will set itself up for the new monitor.

The same method should be used for other operating systems..

Rebooting the computer with the new monitor connected works too.

Hope this helps


How to uninstall mongodb compass from Ubuntu 18.04

Run the following command:

sudo dpkg --remove mongodb-compass-community


How can I use device bonding and dhcp to bind a WiFi and NIC to the same DHCP address?

No, this is not possible with bonding: bonding will use both  adapters at all time and bond their separate addresses together into one (different) IP address.

Furthermore: if the machine does not have any statically linked IP addresses, but reserved DHCP IP addresses only, you'd have to configure all the networks you'd ever connect to to make this work in a reliable way.

So I'm going to tell you what I told the Finance Director of some company I worked for 20 years ago:

  No, we cannot change all of our servers in the large server room by a bunch of laptops stacked together one on top of the other in a broom closet.  There is a reason that servers are more expensive than a laptop.

Sorry! ¯\_(ツ)_/¯


OK, looks like the following has worked (which makes sense):

apt-get remove --auto-remove collectd-core
apt-get purge --auto-remove collectd-core
apt-get update
apt-get --yes install collectd

I can now install packages with apt-get again.


How do you put programs on your desktop?

When running a program it has its icon on the left side (Unity Launcher),when you close the program it disappears,if you want to appear all the time right click on the icon while running a program and select lock to the launcher.

(It is valid only in Unity session)


You have failed to specify the SSID, normally a router, that you wish to connect to, you haven’t provided the WPA2 password, you haven’t provided DNS nameservers and, finally, the broadcast declaration is unnecessary. I suggest that you amend the file to:

source-directory /etc/network/interfaces.d

auto lo
iface lo inet loopbak

auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
address 192.168.0.30
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.0.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.0.1 8.8.8.8
wpa-ssid <your_router>
wpa-psk <ypur_secret_key>

Restart the interface:

sudo ifdown wlan0 && sudo ifup -v wlan0

Check:

ping -c3 www.ubuntu.com

You should be all set.


how to get the update manager window visible?

I am having the same issue with not being able to open / view the window using the Update Manager icon in the right side launcher.

Workaround: right-click the icon and Quit Update Manager from the quick list, then go to the top right Settings (gear) menu and click on Updates Available...

This would show the Update manager window.


Emacs installation from tar file fails on make [Ubuntu 14.04]

You just need to install libpng separately. I had the same exact problem occurring both in 24.4 and 24.5, but after installing it, emacs 24.5 installed normally.

To install, unpack and change directory into libpng and :

./configure
make check
make install


OTA means "over the air". That simply means that your Ubuntu Phone service provider is updating your phone software instead of like with a desktop where you would manage your software upgrades. This is likely a whole operating system upgrade or collection of core software rather than applications from an app store.

From Softpedia:

  Canoical's Łukasz Zemczak has sent in his report on the work done by
  the Ubuntu Touch developers in preparation for the seventh OTA
  (Over-the-Air) software update for the mobile operating system.

  According to Mr. Zemczak, things are calming down in the Ubuntu Touch
  world, as the last remaining bugs to be implemented in the OTA-7
  update have been fixed, along with various other minor changes.
  Therefore, the developers have already started to build the re-spin
  images, perform sanity checks, as well as delta testing.

  If the testing results are OK, the Ubuntu Touch OTA-7 images will be
  sent to phone manufacturers, in this case BQ and Meizu, for the final
  check. Then, Canonical will start uploading the OTA-7 images to the
  official mirrors and send the update to all Ubuntu phone users, which
  will happen sometime in the first half of next week.

  "The (hopefully) final OTA-7 re-spin is in progress with the two
  blocking issue fixed and changes released. Big thanks to everyone
  involved," said Łukasz Zemczak. "Once the image is built QA will
  perform sanity and delta testing on the generated images and if
  everything is ok, the image will then go to manufacturers for a final
  check. ETA for release: first half of next week."

So we see that in this case it's the 7th update of this sort.


nginx fail to install on Ubuntu 15.10 server

In your case port 80 or port 98 is already in use by some other process. You need to find out which process is using those port(s) and kill that process or service.

sudo netstat -nlp

and then you can try starting nginx.
BTW nginx is already installed in your case.

You can refer to this link1 or link2


You can copy/move the firmware directly to /lib/firmware instead of the subfolder. That way it should be found for any kernel version and you won't need to automate the copying.


Will clonezilla backup EFI partition, dual boot Windows and Ubuntu partitions

My understanding of clonezilla is that it copies the entire disk and makes no changes whatsoever. If you copy it back to another disk it should be identical, although if the disk is larger than the original you will also have some unallocated space. It shouldn’t matter what version you use but it makes sense to use the same version for both operations if you can. If you are placing the new disk in different hardware Windows may not work, or may ask for a new license. Linux should just work unless you need proprietary drivers added that weren’t needed before.
I once took an image of my daughter’s Windows laptop, ran Ubuntu on it for a while and later restored the Windows image. It worked perfectly.


Gnome-software losing installed software

Maybe some old configuration files were modified and these modifications are not compatible with newer gnome-software package and its dependencies. So to resolve it, you could try the next:

Reinstall gnome-software and maybe dependent packages with purging:

sudo apt purge gnome-software
sudo apt install gnome-software

Create new user and check if for new user you observe the same picture. If no, it means your user's configuration files are somehow not compatible with gnome-software package or something is not loaded before gnome-software starting the first time.


Error while installing Firefox Developer Edition on 18.04.1 LTS

Ubuntu's official repository and Ubuntu Desktop's repository contains umake versions 16.11.1ubuntu1 and 18.05~bionic1 respectively. This seems to be a bug under that versions of umake. I installed umake from the repository of Galileo Sartor and all seem to work fine under that umake. This repository contains umake version 18.09+201902042247~ubuntu18.04.1 at the time of installation. That umake installed Firefox Developer Edition version 65.0b5.

Uninstall previously installed Ubuntu make and Ubuntu Desktop's repository:

sudo apt autoremove ubuntu-make
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:ubuntu-desktop/ubuntu-make

To install Ubuntu make from above said repository and then firefox-dev:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lyzardking/ubuntu-make
sudo apt install ubuntu-make
umake web firefox-dev

This repository contains daily build versions of umake and is also mentioned in umake - Ubuntu Wiki, so might be considered as a trusted ppa.


Unable to connect to VPN (PPTP). Please help!

Most of the times, an incorrect time is the problem.
Check your time and make sure that it is set correctly.


What other fronts for mplayer are there beside smplayer and umplayer?

there is gnome-mplayer, mplayer-gui, kmplayer (kde) & a replacement for the totem browser plugin (totem-mozilla), gecko-mediaplayer


ifconfig eth0

ip -4 address show eth0

Then type the following to display IPV4

netstat -nr -4


Launch instance in Openstack always results in "Error: No valid host was found"

The solution to my problem lay in the fact that I'm running my whole Openstack setup in a virtualised environment, in particular each of my compute nodes is a VM.
By default my set up did not allow nested VMs, i.e. my compute node VMs could not themselves create instance VMs inside of themselves.
I found this article very helpful:
Configure DevStack with KVM-based Nested Virtualization

The key piece was exposing the host virtualisation extensions to the node VM by editing the VM’s libvirt XML configuration via virsh utility:

sudo virsh edit compute-node01-vm

Change the below snippet to expose the host CPU features to the VM:

From

<cpu mode='custom' match='exact'>
  <model fallback='allow'>Opteron_G3</model>
</cpu>

To

<cpu mode='host-passthrough'> </cpu>

The restart all the nodes for the changes to take effect.


How do I fix a "Failed to download package files" error?

Press Alt+F2 and type software-properties-gtk.

Change the download location to Main Server or another server close to the country you live in and try to sudo apt-get update again.


How to fix this compilation error of pngquant: "fatal error: uapi/linux/stddef.h: No such file or directory'"?

run
apt-get install libc6-dev
which should get you stddef lib you're looking for

It's generally good idea to start with:
sudo apt-get install build-essential to avoid libraries missing.

additionally, if you have some missing lib you can find packages with them with apt-file:

sudo apt-get install apt-file
apt update
apt-file search stddef.h

and you'll get info which packages provide the file


Few things to look at

The size of /var looks like there might be logs taking up space
The size of /boot and /lib suggests there are a number of unneeded kernels installed

If you add the -x flag to the du command it will not cross mount points, ie if you do du -x / it will not report the space in /home (assuming it's separate mount)

Personally I use this command to find what's taking up space:

sudo du -ax / | sort -nr | less -S


Wine application in Gnome requires an extra click to become focused

This could between wine and compiz. Wine doesn't get along with compiz very well. You could switch from compiz to metacity. I don't know what exactly you are doing but you could use another terminal program like mincom. Here the source for the problem:

http://wiki.winehq.org/FAQ#head-db2fa150a8b8f906508959b92beb00768ec6ec47

Could also be another problem with the wine configuration for the app but since I don't know your config and there are many things which could get wrong I don't know if this is your problem.


Ubuntu 16.04 is very stable so i don't think the driver is you problem. maybe the problem is DNS(you can change it in /etc/resolve.conf) or ISP(if other devices have same problem) or hardware

by the way if you sure the problem is your driver, the drivers is in the Linux (i mean the kernel) you must upgrade your Linux and because you use Ubuntu 16.04 i don't think you can upgrade your Linux in a safely way

you can upgrade your Ubuntu to 17.10 or 18.04(it is not stable yet)


How to securely upgrade Ubuntu from 16.04 to 18.04

When in doubt err on the side of caution. The best thing to do is test, test and test some more. Using this script: Bash script to clone Ubuntu to new partition for testing 18.04 LTS upgrade you can clone your Ubuntu 16.04 to a new partition and run the upgrade to 18.04 on the new partition.

If the upgrade fails, find out why, wait for fix, clone the data again and rerun the upgrade.

After the upgrade succeeds test each application you use. If one doesn't work, find out why, wait for fix, clone the data again and rerun the upgrade.

The other part about testing is to choose which of the five unique signons you like best between Gnome, Unity, Wayland, X11 and combinations therein.

Additionally you can install new applications previously not available such as tweak tools and experiment with them. If you break something, clone the data again and rerun the upgrade.

Wash, Rinse, Repeat then Repeat again...


Check to see if the ftp server is running:

ps aux | grep ftp

If not, see if you can start/stop or restart the service:

sudo service ftpd stop && sudo service ftpd start

Or:

sudo service ftpd restart

You can also check to see whether ftpd is listening on the correct port:

netstat -l | grep ftp

The output should show ftpd listening on port 21 (standard ftp port).


How to completely disable floppy in Ubuntu 14.04?

Problem solved! Found the solution on Ubuntu 14.04 in terminal run:

echo "blacklist floppy" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-floppy.conf
sudo rmmod floppy
sudo update-initramfs -u

works right away.


Is there an ubuntu desktop icon theme that looks like ubuntu touch icons?

The ubuntu-mobile-icons package looks like it is available only for Ubuntu 13.04 or later.

I think you can just download the .deb file from the above link and install it - since these are icons, I doubt there will be an issue.

You should be able to use these commands to get the version for saucy 13.10:

wget http://za.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/u/ubuntu-themes/ubuntu-mobile-icons_13.04+13.10.20131014-0ubuntu1_all.deb
sudo gedbi ubuntu-mobile-icons_13.04+13.10.20131014-0ubuntu1_all.deb

I will add I can install the above version using apt-get (I'm using 13.10), the problem is icons like the one for the menu, or the one for the network settings don't seem to be included....

Alternatively, if you want to download and extract the icons:

mkdir mobile-icons; cd mobile-icons
wget http://za.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/u/ubuntu-themes/ubuntu-mobile-icons_13.04+13.10.20131014-0ubuntu1_all.deb
ar x ubuntu-mobile-icons_13.04+13.10.20131014-0ubuntu1_all.deb
tar -xf data.tar.gz

This will download & extract extract the icons to ./mobile-icons/usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mobile


how to hide specific lens from search results

It is up to the lens developer to decide that. Lenses have a search_in_global property that is set to a boolean value. It is possible that you can connect to the session DBus and set the property yourself, but I haven't tried that. If you're interested, you can use D-Feet to explore the session bus.


How can I run my Java application at/after boot?

Putting those lines to /etc/rc.local will be another option. (In newer versions of Ubuntu, /etc/rc.local does not exist by default, so you must create it. It is still used on boot, if it does exist.)

You should also try giving full path to executables not located directly in /bin, i.e., java and wget.

However, if you're trying to run this as a limited user (ubuntu?) rather than root, then using /etc/rc.local might not be the best way to do it, since commands in /etc/rc.local are run as root.

You can get /etc/rc.local to run a script as a non-root user, though (assuming you have administrative access and thus can create/edit /etc/rc.local). If the script you want to run is /home/ubuntu/runtest, you want to run it as the user ubuntu, and you are insistent on running it with bash, then you can add this line to the end of /etc/rc.local:

/usr/bin/sudo -u ubuntu bash /home/ubuntu/runtest > /dev/null


Allocated unallocated space to Ubuntu using GParted

Easy.
Make sure that you have a good backup of your important Ubuntu files, as this procedure can corrupt or loose data.
Keep these things in mind:

always start the entire procedure with issuing a swapoff on any mounted swap partitions, and end the entire procedure with issuing a swapon on that same swap partition

a move is done by pointing the mouse pointer at the center of a partition and dragging it left/right with the hand cursor

a resize is done by dragging the left/right side of a partition to the left/right with the directional arrow cursor

if any partition can't be moved/resized graphically, you may have to manually enter the specific required numeric data (don't do this unless I instruct you to)

you begin any move/resize by right-clicking on the partition in the lower part of the main window, and selecting the desired action from the popup menu, then finishing that action in the new move/resize window

Do the following...

boot the a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
start gparted
move sda5 left
resize sda5 right


How can I add new autostart programs in Lubuntu?

For Lubuntu 11.10 / 12.04 / 12.10 / 13.04 / 14.04 / 14.10 / 16.04

Open the file manager (by default PCManFM), go to /usr/share/applications. Right-click on the program you want to be added to your autostart programs, and click Copy. Now, go to ~/.config/autostart in PCManFM, right-click and click Paste. The program should be added to your autostart programs now, but double-check by clicking the LXMenu down left, click Settings, and then Desktop Session Settings.

You may have to create the autostart folder. For an application that doesn't have a *.desktop file in /usr/share/applications you may also copy-paste any other *.desktop then update it with content suitable for your app.


How to save php file in /opt/lampp/htdocs without going to terminal and type sudo gedit?

You could always open up the file-browser (nautilus) as Arvind said by gksudo nautilus /opt/lampp/htdocs

To expand on Will's answer (you can chmod)

This will change the ownership of the /opt/lampp/htdocs/ to you:

sudo chown username:groupname /opt/lampp/htdocs
Example : (My username is nits and my group name is also nits)
sudo chown nits:nits /opt/lampp htdocs

This will change the folder's permissions to be read, write and executed by you ONLY:

sudo chmod 700 /opt/lampp/htdocs


Is there any application or command that cleans the memory like CCleaner in Windows?

1 Foreword

It's a bit strange that your system gets sightly slower after 8 hours. Since you also face the same problem on windows I guess this may be a hardware issue.

Without more information it is hard to say, but if you are lucky a RAM upgrade may help. If not, you maybe have to face a bigger hardware problem in the future.

2 Definitions and Distictions

RAM, temp-files, system-files and prefetch are different things.

On Linux systems you don't need RAM cleaners.

If a process uses "too much" RAM stop and restart it. Such memory-leaking programs are often browsers and browser plug-ins. I also saw X.org misbehaving sometimes.
Temporary files only use some storage. So they won't slow down your system.
There is a reason why they are called system files. Most of them are used to run your system and programs like you are used to it. So if you don't know what you are doing, don't mess around with them!
Prefetching is Windows-specific. The Linux or Ubuntu equivalent is called (u)readahead.

You don't have to think about it on Linux systems.

3 Software Recommendations

I recommend BleachBit: It's a good file-cleaner and (also in root-mode) you can hardly mess up your system.

To install it open your terminal and type

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bleachbit

type your password (no characters will be displayed) and wait till executed.
Till Ubuntu 12.04 you can use computer-janitor: But if you don't know what you are doing be careful. You may destroy your system!

To install it open your terminal and type

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install computer-janitor-gtk

type your password (no characters will be displayed) and wait till executed.
Until Ubuntu 14.04 you can use Ubuntu Tweak: It has computer-janitor built in and many other more or less useful utilities. But as said before, be careful!

To install it open your terminal and type

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak

type your password (no characters will be displayed) and wait till executed.


I can't open this .jar file. Help! (Kubuntu Wily)

This post appears to have your exact error message.

It states that installing the x11-xserver-utils package is required. You can install this with sudo apt-get install x11-xserver-utils.


Upon reboot, can GUI applications be started in an X session without ever having the screen unlocked?

Add gnome-screensaver-command -l as one of your Startup Applications commands

Alternatively, create the file .config/autostart/lockScreen.desktop with the following contents:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=lockScreen
Exec=gnome-screensaver-command -l
Type=Application
Terminal=false

The idea is the same in both cases.


It is not possible to give an answer with a specific size as it varies between taste, need, system, setup and such.

If you have / and /home on same partition or on separate partitions. For someone with a typical setup where they got /home on the same partition, then they might want a larger size, while in your case you have them on separate partitions you don't need the system partition to be as large.

Someone with a large hard disk drive can be more generous when partitioning while someone with a small solid-state disk may opt for a smaller system partition.

There is no optimal figure, so since 36 gigabyte seem to have worked good for you, I think you should continue using that.


Try removing everything in the /var/lib/apt/lists directory first (sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/*) and then updating again.


20.04 ubuntu video player says, "H.264" not supported

For me, I just installed VLC.
sudo snap install vlc

If you want to use the default players, I heard installing the Ubuntu Restricted Extras should install all the codecs that couldn't be shipped with Ubuntu. (It didn't work for me, though...)
sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras

gl :)


Now everything is working.

My solution:

Run software-properties-gtk --open-tab=4
Under NVIDIA Corporation: ... select NVIDIA binary driver instead of Server X

Click Apply


PS/2 devices stop working in 10.10 release

You're, most likely, suffering from a known bug which seems to have been around for some time. I was suffering from this bug in Lucid myself, but the upgrade to Maverick fixed it for me.

I have found one possible workaround for me, which made it possible to prevent it from freezing 9 out of 10 times. I simply logged into the Gnome-Failsafe Session directly after boot, waited there for one minute and then I was able to log into my normal session without my PS/2 devices freezing.

In the end it seems to be a problem with X, because I could work on the terminal (tty) normal, but the moment I switched back to the X Session, the devices froze again.


How to change screen resolution in Xubuntu 11.10?

open the settings manager menu, click on "display" and you can change it from there


I answer myself:

Setting no_proxy solve the problem:

export no_proxy="192.168.0.0/16,localdomain"

but warning is displayed:

WARNING: Failed to read mirror file

No valid mirror found

While scanning your repository information no mirror entry for the
upgrade was found. This can happen if you run a internal mirror or if
the mirror information is out of date.

Do you want to rewrite your 'sources.list' file anyway? If you choose
'Yes' here it will update all 'lucid' to 'precise' entries.
If you select 'No' the upgrade will cancel.


Node.js websocket error “Error: listen EADDRNOTAVAIL Error: listen EADDRNOTAVAIL”

I think you don't have privileges to operate on port 80. Try the following:

Change the value of default-port from 8000 to 3000
Redirect traffic in port 80 to 3000 using iptables

iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 3000