Ubuntu 14.04 with 3.19 Kernel Wants to Update to 3.16

First things first. How did you install kernel 3.19? As you're running a LTS release, the recommended way to install new kernels is by Hardware Enablement. Kernel 3.19 is available in Ubuntu 14.04 repositories. Make sure you have it installed:

sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-vivid

Now, reboot the computer to load the new kernel. Make sure it is running:

uname -r

The above command should return something like 3.19.0-20-generic. Now you can remove older kernels. Start with:

sudo apt-get purge linux-generic linux-image-generic linux-headers-generic linux-generic-lts-utopic linux-headers-generic-lts-utopic linux-image-generic-lts-utopic linux-signed-generic linux-signed-generic-lts-utopic

The above should remove the kernel meta packages which install updates for kernels 3.13 and 3.16. At this point, newer releases for kernels 3.13 and 3.16 will not be offered anymore, but the (possible) already installed kernels may receive updates. List the installed kernel packages:

dpkg -l | grep -E "linux-(generic|headers|image|signed)" | colrm 80

If you see any package with version lower than 3.19, remove it:

sudo apt-get purge <package name 1> <package name 2> ...


Open the file /etc/php5/apach2/php.ini
Add this line to the end of the file.

extension=json.so

restart apache2

sudo service apache2 restart


I have an Pavilion TS 17-g199nr, running dual boot with windows 10 (ugh) and Ubuntu 14.04(running on live usbdrive)

Try blacklisting acer-wmi, or acer-wireless. I have a Pavilion 13 x360 and blacklisting these worked.

My WiFi card is an Intel AC-3165.

Run

  lsmod | grep iwl

post them here.


trying to install 13.10 on Hipstreet Equinox2 tablet

Installing Ubuntu touch on tablets should be the same as phones. Try This
.


Remove files in a directory based on partial name

The simple way:

cd /path/to/directory
rm *_foo_*

or

rm /path/to/directory/*_foo_*

The asterisk (*) matches all characters.

To get explanations about what is being done, use rm with -v option. To be prompted before every removal, use rm with -i option:

rm -vi *_foo_*

See man rm for more info.


Unable to configure port in Redis database

127.0.0.1> AUTH your password
OK               <--response from redis
(7.75s)          <--- it's too.
127.0.0.1>ping   <--test if you want
PONG             <--you can receive response from redis
you can use AUTH keyword :) and after write your password.


Can't append to PATH in ~./bashrc using $Home

Shell and environment variables are case-sensitive (as steeldriver says). Home is not the same variable as HOME. The HOME environment variable contains a path to your home directory. The Home variable typically does not exist; there is nothing special about the name Home.

When a variable is not defined, performing parameter expansion on it yields the empty string (as vanadium alludes to), which is what you're seeing.

Replacing $Home with $HOME should fix the problem:

export PATH="$HOME/gg/gamit/bin:$HOME/gg/kf/bin:$HOME/gg/com:$PATH"

Note that you should not typically set environment variables, especially PATH, in ~/.bashrc, because:

That file is only sourced by bash shells, so they will be unavailable in a number of important contexts including graphical programs not started from bash.
That file is sourced by all interactive bash shells, so when you start one interactive bash shell from another, the child shell will have the path modified again. So the directory name will be prepended multiple times. The performance impact is negligible but it can be quite confusing when you're inspecting the variable's value.

If you want to set or modify an environment variable like PATH by editing a file that is sourced by shells, you can use ~/.profile rather than ~/.bashrc.

(I say "especially PATH" because it is very common to include the old value of PATH in the new value, as you are doing, and when this is done in ~/.bashrc it creates the annoyance described in #2 above.)


Imagemagick seems to be very violent with memory usage. A suggestion is to use -limit to limit the memory size convert will use, it should use a disk cache for anything else it needs. Read an explanation here:

http://www.imagemagick.org/pipermail/magick-users/2002-March/001285.html

And here's how to use the -limit option : http://www.imagemagick.org/script/command-line-options.php#limit

If not, you can do it like you describe, converting each image individually and then merging them with some other tool. Something like

for name in p*.png; do convert $name `basename $name .png`.pdf; done

should do it.

Basically it iterates over all the png files, runs convert on them, the only magic is the basename $name .png part, which will be replaced by the filename minus the .png part, so that when attaching .pdf extension to it, the filename makes sense.

Try it for yourself so you get a feel of what basename does:

basename something.png .png
echo `basename something.png .png`.pdf


Should I go with a VMWare install or a Wubi install?

I suggest VMWare, especially given your dual-graphics system.

1) With 6GB RAM, give 1-1.5 to the Ubuntu VM and it will be sufficient - no swap necessary.

2) The VM uses Windows graphics drivers and doesn't care about the actual graphics card. No Bumblebee needed. If you want full dual-graphics advantage go with the VM.

3) Install Ubuntu 32-bit, and 1-1.5GB of memory should be enough to do most things without swap. The total CPU power is shared between Windows and the VM, obviously; just having Windows 7 in the background will not affect your VMWAre experience, but if you are doing something heavy in Windows 7 the proportion of CPU power available to the VM will decrease correspondingly.

4) Enable 3D-acceleration in that VM's settings in VMWare and you should be good to go.

5) A virtual machine is separated from the host, so Windows vulnerabilities won't affect Ubuntu. However if you enable shared folders you should make sure you have a good updated antivirus running on Windows.


Alternative for the 'system settings' application?

Running sudo unity-control-center seems to show all icons.

There is a problem with this, though: no devices are listed in the Sound settings.


How to make password visible in Ubuntu login screen?

I also seemed to have this 'bug' and found out how to make the password visible.

It is not a bug, but a feature:

If you use right-click with your mouse the context menu opens. Then there is an option to toggle the password's visibility.

My keyboard has an option to open the context menu (just like the right click with the mouse), which is the key the kid must have hit accidentally to change the visibility


Not Able to use Reliance Netconnect+ Modem ZTE AC2737

I also faced the same issue, but somehow it worked for me after some tweaking.

Solution 1: (If you have access to Windows Machine)

Just go to the Reliance Netconnect Plus UI in Windows machine and in Settings change the 'Mode' to 'Hybrid'.

By doing this I found that the Reliance Netconnect Plus is recognized by Ubuntu quickly and

Now log in back to Ubuntu and connect to the internet through 'Network Manager'.

Using this method you will be registered on CDMA home network and can access the internet quickly.

The main disadvantage of this method is that we are running it under 'Hybrid' mode, which means that the internet may switch to 'CDMA 1x' mode and the internet speed will go down.

For me this happens only for 5-10 minutes then I'm again switched to fast Netconnect+ mode.

To overcome this disadvantage you may use Solution 2.

Solution 2: (Using WVDIAL)

If the Reliance Netconnect Plus modem works in Solution 1 then after connecting to internet, install WVDIAL

or

If you have access to GSM mobile(or GSM Modem) with cheap GPRS plan, then connect your mobile to Ubuntu through Network Manager and install WVDIAL. I have never experienced any difficulty with GSM Modem when connecting to Internet through Network Manager.

(i) Open Terminal (Keyboard Shortcut: Ctrl + Alt + T ) and type

sudo apt-get install wvdial

(ii) Open up wvdial’s configuration file using this command

gedit /etc/wvdial.conf

(iii) Paste the below code into the window that pops up ( make sure to enter your relevant details )

[Dialer Defaults]
Init1 = ATZ
Init2 = ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
Stupid Mode = 1
Modem Type = USB Modem
ISDN = 0
Phone = #777
New PPPD = yes
Modem = /dev/ttyUSB0 (This may also be dev/ttyUSB2 depending on where you plugged in your device)
Username = 9xxxxxxxxxx (your username, should be a number )
Password = 9xxxxxxxxxx (Your password , should be the same number)
CBaud = 460800

Delete all the comments in the brackets . The fields you should edit are Modem , Username and password the only ones with comment .
Save and exist .

(iv) Thats it. Remove the GSM mobile(or GSM Modem) from PC/laptop and plug in Reliance Netconnect+ Modem. Wait till it gets recognized by Ubuntu, run lsusb command to know if it detected as modem and then

Run wvdial using following command

sudo wvdial

Internet using wvdial works out of box. Now you can change the Network Mode to 'Netconnect+' by using Reliance Netaconnect Plus UI in windows and log back to Ubuntu to use the uninterrupted broadband using wvdial.


Chrome using more than 100% CPU on YouTube?

Edit /etc/modprobe.d/local.conf
Add the following line:

options drm_kms_helper poll=N
Restart and problems are gone (at least for me with Ubuntu 14.04 LTS).

Credits to this link.


How can I remove the Lubuntu packages after installing ubuntu-desktop on top of Lubuntu?

You can perform the removal as pointed in the link you provided but afterwards I suggest you to perform:

  sudo apt-get -f install

should signal and try to resolve any problem it finds relative to installed packages.

Still I don't like such approaches as I'm not sure Lubuntu uses the same repositories as Ubuntu.

Complementing:
Do a

  dpkg --get-selections > ~/Desktop/ubuntu_packages

into a ubuntu machine this will give you a list of packages on a ubuntu machine. Do the same for your lubuntu.

  dpkg --get-selections > ~/Desktop/lubuntu_packages

Do a diff, remove the packages present only in lubuntu. Then

  cat ~/Desktop/ubuntu_packages > sudo dpkg --set-selections && sudo apt-get
  dselect upgrade

To install only the packages needed for ubuntu


Didnt have the fullscreen option either. What worked for me was to install windows 10, had windows 7 before. Hope it helps


Unable to load drivers for Wireless card or Nvidia card in 12.04

I can help you with the wireless card, but not the graphics one. Firstt, open Dash and type "Additional Drivers". Then, open the program and activate all inactivate drivers there. I cannot help you if the installation goes wrong, but I hope it doesn’t!


wxWidgets apps use Raleigh GTK theme instead of selected one

There are two visual aspects:

The first concerns

1 the title bar and window buttons appearance set in Settings > Window Decorations. They are common to all applications.

2 the menu bar with File, Edit, Select, ... and their dropdowns

3 the window and progress bar that appears when opening or saving an audio file

Items in #2 and #3 do obey your choice of gtk theme but you need to have a functional gtk2 theme. In my Settings > GNOME/GTK Application Style I have the default Breeze and Breeze Dark gtk2 themes as well a couple more:

Note the little magnifying glass to the right of the listing: it provides a preview of how things would look.

Here's what Audacity looks like with the Numix gtk2 theme:

The second visual aspect, which is described in the Audacity wiki, is internally controlled by your Audacity settings. You can choose from the available options in Audacity's Edit > Preferences or even make your own theme.

From The Audacity wiki


How can I connect to wi-fi using Ubuntu (17.04) within Oracle VM VirtualBox?

Unless you have a USB wifi card you can pass through to the VM, you can't.

The host wifi device is never exposed to the VM as a wifi device.  You need to directly pass a USB wifi adapter to the VM for it to accept wireless.  There's no other way to do this with current virtualization systems built on top of an existing OS.

This is detailed in my answer to Wireless card isnt working with Ubuntu 14.04 VirtualBox Guest OS, including the network diagram there, and the full explanation of how the virtual networking works in VirtualBox.


No PARTITIONs found while installing, dual-boot Win8/Ubuntu 14.04

The solution is here

And the exact steps it took to get my partitions to be recognized again are as follows...

Open a Terminal and run sudo gdisk /dev/sda
It is likely that both MBR and GPT will be found and asks you which one to use - the choice is irrelavant.
Type x for the next command because well, you're doing expert stuff
Type z to zap the GPT data
Type y to proceed destroying GPT data
Type n in order to not lose MBR data

Opened GParted, no Warning message about GPT signatures and my partitions are recognized :)

Thanks all for your time and advice


Installing Ubuntu Studio applications and performance (kernel) without changing my current Ubuntu desktop

You can install Ubuntu Studio packages manually or with synaptic package manager. Official instructions are here:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuStudioPreparation

I recommend you to install Synaptic Package Manager (from "software" aplication on system category in the ubuntu menu), and search there ALL "ubuntustudio" packages, mark them for installation, and apply changes.  It's 1GB to download.
Lowlatency kernel will not be installed, you'll have to select it in Synaptic if you want lowlatency or realtime kernels.

I'm currently running this setup (Ubuntu 16.04 with Ubuntu Studio installed as a package) but I'm still doing its "fine tuning".  And I have to give you an advice: once you install Ubuntu Studio and log in to Ubuntu studio desktop session (wich is based on XFCE desktop), do not try to edit Ubuntu Menu with right click, it opens MenuLibre menu editor wich will literally screw up your menu.  Edit your menu by using application "Alacarte" instead of Menulibre.  Everything else seems to work smooth by now.


Do Seahorse and GPG terminal program work standalone?

This sounds like the common issue with GnuPG 2.1 and Ubuntu 16.04. Since GnuPG 2.1, the private keyring has been merged into the public keyring -- resulting in prior versions not finding the secret key any more.

Try both gpg --list-secret-keys and gpg2 --list-secret-keys; likely one shows the key but not the other.

Otherwise, make sure to always run GnuPG (and related software like Seahorse) under your normal user account and not root. GnuPG manages individual keyrings per system user.


Partition in fstab not showing at xfce4-places-plugin

Mystery Solved

The whole problem was a slash (/)... I was copying the partition location from the Disks (gnome-disk-utility), not from the Thunar location-bar as I should. So to have a partition both automounted (added to fstab) and shown at Places (xfce4-places-plugin), do the following:

Copy the partition location with the last slash (/)..

Open Disks (gnome-disk-utility) and click Additional partition options.

Select Edit Mount Options...

This is before any change.

Set the Automatic Mount Options switch to the OFF position, check Mount at startup and paste the partitions location with the last slash (/) to the Mount Point field.

Click OK, reboot, your Places panel item shows the automounted partition! Nothing scientific, just something useful for everyday use.


Ubuntu 18.04 update broke desktop config file

Managed to fix this. The answer is here Just change the owner and group of the ~/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home file to your user. Now it will trust after opening the first time and the icon appears.


Run both at the same time, Windows and Ubuntu

The short answer is, yes you can run both Windows and Ubuntu at the same time.

The long answer of "how can I do it?" depends on what you want your host OS and what you want your "guest OS" to be. I can think of three possibilities:

First, use Windows as the host. This means Windows will be your primary OS running directly on the hardware (the computer). This is how most people run Windows. Then you will install a program in Windows, such as Virtualbox, or VMPlayer (call it VM). When you launch this program you will be able to install another OS, say Ubuntu, inside the VM as a guest. Before you install Ubuntu in the VM, you will need to assign some resources to the VM such as the amount of RAM and hard-disk space. The VM program will act like a virtual computer with the RAM and hard-disk space you have allocated. Once installed, you will be able to run Ubuntu within the VM, either in a window or in full screen mode.

Second, You can also do the reverse. That is, install Ubuntu as the host on a real machine and install Windows as a guest in a VM inside Ubuntu.

Third, If you have a Mac as a host, you can use a similar VM program called Parallel for Mac and create two VMs, one for Windows, and another for Ubuntu.

See the VM Wiki for additional details.

Also see the Ubuntu Help on Virtual Box, VMWare/Player and Parallel VM for Mac.

Drawbacks

The main drawback of running an OS in a VM is access to resources, say RAM. First, the host will need some RAM to run itself and any native programs like a word processor you want to run. The guest can then only use what is left behind. So if you have only 4GB of RAM and Windows (the host) needs 3GB to work well. The Ubuntu as guest can only use 1GB of physical RAM. You may assign more RAM to Ubuntu, but things will slow down as the hard drive will be used as virtual RAM and things will be moved between real RAM and the virtual RAM.

The second drawback is also related to resources. Say you have a very fancy graphics card in your machine. However, in the VM all the hardware is virtual. The default virtual graphics card may have more limited capabilities, but may be chosen as default as it is compatible to a variety of OSs. So the OS in the VM won't be able to take advantage of the fancy graphics card. The difference between the first and the second drawback is the following. You can get more RAM or a bigger hard-drive in the real machine, and then allocate them to the VM. There may not be an easy way to change the default configurations of other aspects of the virtual hardware in the VM. Thus, a faster graphics card in the real machine may not translate to one in the VM.

On virtual terminal:

I don't know what you mean by it. To me, a virtual terminal is a command line interface that can work without the graphical user interfaces (GUI) in Ubuntu and other Linux and similar systems. The concept of a virtual terminal does not apply to Windows. See What is a virtual terminal for? for more details on virtual terminals.

Hope this helps.


How can I enable the nautilus feature that on Shift+Right-Click I get an extra menu entry that says “open with“?

The option was renamed to Open With Other Application and the old behavior of having to SHIFT+RIGHT CLICK was removed since this was an option many users wanted to have by default.

So since 11.10 you only need to right click any folder or file and the option will appear.

I uploaded an image so you can see the new name.


Update:
As of Aug 2018, Shutter project hasn't had a release or security fix since 2014. Many key libraries are depreciated, it may not exist beyond Ubuntu 18.04. Consider a newer maintained alternative, such as one of the projects listed below. Know of something new and missing?  Add it!

I am using Shutter .

If you don't find it, you can check the detailed installation instructions which will give you a PPA for it.

It's a really handy screen capture application with easy to use plug-ins to give a nice touch to your screenshot and as many other to easily share the files.

It offers in-house image editing and special effects (via plug-ins) to enhance the quality of your screenshot. You can access this options via the menu (1), or the toolbar (2).

The effects here are all done with Shutter (Plug-in Reflexion and Edit auto-increment shape).

And then to publish them, I just right click in Shutter and choose Export (3). Then I publish it via Ubuntu One. I go to the directory where I published the file, right click on it and select Copy Ubuntu One public URL.

Finally here when I comment, I click on img in the small tool bar and select From the web and paste the link that was copied in the previous step.

It's easy and fully integrated.

For those on 10.04, check that you have all shutter dependencies. As you might miss some of the plug-ins. For user on Ubuntu 10.10, this should be fixed.


UEFI boot fails when cloning image to new machine

Under EFI, boot loaders are stored as files in the EFI System Partition (ESP). Ordinarily, such files have names that are unique to the OS, such as EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi for Ubuntu. Because of this fact, boot loaders must be registered in the firmware's NVRAM. The Ubuntu installer does this when the OS is installed, but when you move the disk to another computer, its NVRAM has not been modified, so the computer won't boot. Using Boot Repair will install a fresh copy of GRUB and register it with the firmware, thus fixing the problem. My guess is that your firmware's own boot manager does a scan and registers the boot loader, too, but it could be that something else is going on.

One possible workaround to this problem is to copy GRUB from EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi to EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi. The latter is a fallback name -- the computer boots from that name if it can't find any registered boot loader. Removable media also use that same filename, since obviously, an OS installation disk can't be pre-registered unless it uses some agreed-upon common name. It's possible that Ubuntu and/or Boot Repair copied GRUB to this name, too, that your firmware didn't initially detect it for some reason, and that using the firmware's boot manager caused it to notice this file's presence, thus explaining the bootability after you used that tool. In fact, this seems more likely than that your firmware scanned for Ubuntu's default boot loader filename.


It is in the repositories - http://packages.ubuntu.com/lucid/php5-cli

Check which repositories you have enabled.


Trying to test a service is up using nc command

You have the right nc. You may verify that by entering apt-cache policy netcat which should give you the installed and candidate versions for netcat.
The response you get suggests that you haven't entered the command correctly, so please verify that you tried the command just as stated above. If no process is running on your localhost at port 5111, you will receive no output.
The version with the -s and -p parameters works differently though. These are the source address and port parameters, respectively, not the target address and port. As you haven't specified a target, nothing is sent in this case.


How to add security to a PDF file using LibreOffice?

If you're looking for setting security within the PDF itself, LibreOffice can do so. Use the Export as PDF option from the File menu. The resulting dialog has a tab named 'Security`:

For command line conversion, the man page suggest that convert can use the options set in the Writer's Export as PDF dialog. So I suppose you could set it once in an instance of Writer, close it, and then use the --convert-to pdf:writer_pdf_Export option. I think similar filters may be available for Draw and others as well, but I'm not sure. See http://ask.libreoffice.org/en/question/2641/convert-to-command-line-parameter/?answer=6292#post-id-6292 for more information on how to look up filters.


Touchpad is weird after reboot from Windows

A lot of devices (especially in notebooks) don't only have drivers, but also a firmware that is stored in a flash memory. This firmware is not permanent - like firmwares on other device - but is put there by the driver in use.

The problem: The firmware is not cleared on reboot of shutdown if the flash still has power (i.e. standby-power). The firmware used by windows-drivers is often incompatible with that of Linux drivers. So for a lot of notebook-users the only way to get their hardware (e.g. WiFi) working again, is to turn the notebook off, remove the battery and wait a while.

There is no way around this, that I know of.


What is this window selector popup and how do I disable it?

This is the windows switcher usually accessed with Alt+Tab key combination. To turn off the keyboard method this answer states:

  Install CompizConfig Settings Manager, find the Ubuntu unity plugin,
  Switcher tab, Set Key to start switcher to disabled

My touchpad doesn't invoke the windows switcher so I cannot test this on my system.

If this method doesn't work another method is editing Unity source and recompiling: How can I disable arbitrary default multitouch gestures in Unity?


Gnome-shell does not use compiz but it's own compositor like KDE, but you can use compiz with gnome-fallback I believe.

Unity is the only desktop enviroment that needs compiz, but that will change in the future.


Why is apt downloading package list again when updating in 16.04?

Running apt-get update redownloads package lists by design - if it didn't, how would it know what packages need updating? To actually upgrade the packages, you need to run apt-get upgrade.


Yes. Apache has several different processing modules to handle requests. The most common ones are worker and prefork. Both use multiple processes. Prefork uses a process per client connection and always makes sure that there are a few idle processes available to handle new connections without delay. Worker still uses several processes but also uses threads in these processes. This uses fewer resources compared to prefork but still needs several processes normally.

One process you see is probably the "master" process which opens the TCP ports and waits for connections and passes incoming connections to a different apache process to do the actual processing. The other processes are worker processes, either from prefork or worker module.


Intel wireless (iwlwifi), Ubuntu 19.04, slow upload speed but only on certain WiFi networks

I experimented and found that 11n_disable=2 boosted my upload speed by 700%, but at the price of decreasing my download speed by 12%. That's a reasonable trade off when otherwise the upload speed is unusable, but I didn't want to put up with the decreased download speed on WiFi networks whose upload speed was fine without changing the setting. So I wrote a script to check with WiFi network I'm using and adjust the setting accordingly.

Below you can find the script. It needs to be installed as root, mode 0755, in /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d. You need to edit the bad-wifi-network-name line to properly select which WiFi network(s) you want to use the alternative setting on.

#!/bin/bash -e

WHOAMI=$(basename $0)
IFACE="$1"; shift
ACTION="$1"; shift

log() {
    level="$1"; shift

    logger -p daemon.$level -t "$WHOAMI" $@
}

if [ "$ACTION" != "up" ]; then
    log debug ignoring action $ACTION
    exit 0
fi

state=$(cat /sys/module/iwlwifi/parameters/11n_disable)

log notice previous 11n_disable state is $state

if [ "$CONNECTION_ID" = "bad-wifi-network-name" ]; then
    want_state=2
else
    want_state=0
fi

if [ "$state" != "$want_state" ]; then
    log notice reloading iwlwifi with 11n_disable=$want_state
    if ! rmmod iwlmvm iwlwifi; then
        log err rmmod iwlmvm iwlwifi failed
        exit 1
    fi
    if ! modprobe iwlwifi 11n_disable=$want_state; then
        log err modprobe iwlwifi 11n_disable=$want_state failed
        exit 1
    fi
    if ! modprobe iwlmvm; then
        log err modprobe iwlmvm failed
        exit 1
    fi
    log notice finished reloading iwlwifi with 11n_disable=$want_state
else
    log notice 11n_disable is correct, taking no action
fi

For even more detailed information, please go here
Disclaimer: I'm the author of that blog.


Can't update: low space in /boot (LVM) - I already cleaned my Lubuntu with Ubuntu Tweak

You probably have lots of old kernels installed. Run this command: dpkg -l 'linux-image-3*' and remove all the kernel packages that don't match the running kernel (check with uname -r).


Why is it necessary to add locally attached printers?

According to Ubuntu docs, things are supposed to happen exactly as you expect:

  Plug your printer into your computer and power it on. Most printers
  will automatically be detected an configured. Once detected, a printer
  icon will appear in the notification area and after waiting a few
  moments, you should get a popup with the text "Printer is ready for
  printing.

Unfortunately, setting up a printer may be more difficult than mounting a flash drive, so sometimes auto-detection fails. In this case you need to add the printer manually.


rc status means:

r: package has been removed
c: configuration files are still there

To remove that packages completely try this :
sudo dpkg --purge couchdb


How can I get newer boost packages than my distro's repos contain?

You are looking for backports that don't exist in your upstream repository (because of the end of life thing).  So the answer is that you need to:

find repositories (that you trust!) that include the desired backports for your version
bite the bullet and upgrade to a supported OS version
build from source or otherwise acquire desired components

The former means adding something to your /etc/apt/sources.list file manually or using add-apt-repository.  I can't recommend a given repo since I don't know what you need, but here's an example for nginx:

sudo -s
echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ lucid nginx"     >>/etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ lucid nginx" >>/etc/apt/sources.list
nginx=stable # use nginx=development for latest development version
add-apt-repository ppa:nginx/$nginx
apt-get update
apt-get install nginx

http://wiki.nginx.org/Install#Ubuntu_PPA

You should look for similar repos for whatever software you want.

Fair warning: your expectation that it will be easier to not change the base Ubuntu version is questionable.  At some point you will have cherry picked a whole bunch of components that were designed, tested and documented primarily against newer releases and it would just make sense to be on that release.

For development purposes you might find it way cleaner to just install/run VirtualBox (or another virtualization platform) and put the latest and greatest OS on there virtually.


Like this :

sudo apt update
sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic stable"
sudo apt update
apt-cache policy docker-ce
sudo apt install docker-ce

To check the status:

sudo systemctl status docker

Optional: add $USER to docker group (make sure to log out and back in after)

sudo groupadd docker
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
sudo systemctl restart docker


is there some way to make windows owned by root (sudo) look different from normal user ones?

You could open the Settings for root:

sudo -i unity-control-center

And then change the appearance settings. gnome-tweak-tool should work too - and give slightly more control. I haven't used unity-tweak-tool, but from its description, it seems to offer the most options.


Configuration files are stored in ~/.config and ~/.kde/share (for KDE apps). If you want to get the configuration for a specific program, look for a file containing the program's name and ending in rc or .conf. Some examples are

~/.config/dolphinrc
~/.kde/share/config/amarokrc
~/.config/kde.org/plasmashell.conf

Be careful, though, as some programs may store their configurations in unexpected places. Some configurations also may not work if the new user has a different name from the old one (for example, one line in my amarokrc is 1=./home/andrew/Music - this would be different depending on the username) or if they are a different person than the old user (~/.config/emaildefaults stores the user's preferred email address).

Some programs may even have several configuration files containing different data! Picmi, for example, uses ~/.config/picmirc to store high scores, and ~/.config/picmi/picmi.conf to store the previous window position.

If this is just to transfer a single user's settings to the new computer, you could likely get away without changing anything (I copied my entire user folder over when I switched computers, because I had the same username on both machines), but otherwise you'll need to be careful about what files you keep and what files you leave behind.


Getting + installing gcc/g++ 4.9 on Ubuntu?

You can install close to upstream version of GCC from Ubuntu Toolchain PPA: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ToolChain#PPA_packages

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install g++-4.9

Tested on Ubuntu 14.04.


How can I change the frequency of the RAM, and also know its value from Ubuntu?

See if your computer supports DMI, which usually has information about memory components (including speed):

sudo dmidecode -t memory


Does Ubuntu update after a new Debian version is released?

Open source often uses the analogy of a river/stream - in that there are upstream projects, which can flow down to those downstream.

Linux (kernel) is upstream of Debian, as it is of GNOME project, KDE project etc.

Debian is upstream of Ubuntu. Ubuntu is BASED on debian-testing, though it'll likely include parts of debian-unstable as well.

Linux Mint is further downstream that Ubuntu, as it uses Ubuntu as its base.

Yes, future versions of Ubuntu will reflect changes being made currently in debian-testing or debian-unstable, but a Debian release has NO impact on Ubuntu really, mainly because the relevant changes have already made it into Ubuntu.

Example:  MATE desktop maintainer for debian is Martin Wimpress.  He's also the (head-)maintainer for Ubuntu MATE. Martin makes changes for Ubuntu, I've heard him say, by making them in Debian, and they make their way into Ubuntu anyway. It saves him heaps of work with almost no duplication. (Ubuntu-MATE & Debian with MATE desktop are not identical; Ubuntu MATE contains a few extra things only in Ubuntu MATE).


Program recommendation to test USB memory

What you need to test basically is that the drive can hold the advertised amount of data and "remember" it for later use.

A very simple approach would be to generate a file with random content and the same size as the drive as your test data, write to the drive to test and finally compare the written data with the original file. This requires quite a bit of intermediate storage space and we can do better by just storing an initialization vector for a random number generator. This is what I'll describe below.

I'll assume that the drive to test is located at /dev/sdx and advertises a total size of 32 GiB = 32768 MiB throughout this question.

Install the openssl package if you don't have it yet:

sudo apt install openssl

Generate a random initialization vector (IV) for the generation of the test data stream:

openssl rand 32 > ~/template-iv.bin

Write a (pseudo-)random data stream onto the drive until it's full:

dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=32768 2>/dev/null | sudo openssl enc -rc4 -nosalt -out /dev/sdx -pass pass:~/template-iv.bin

(Replace the 32768 in count=32768 with the size of you drive in Mibibytes.)

If you specified the correct size for the drive and there are any messages about I/O errors the drive is faulty.
Compare the data on the drive with the same (pseudo-)random data stream:

sudo dd if=/dev/sdx bs=1M iflag=direct | cmp - <(dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=32768 2>/dev/null | openssl enc -rc4 -nosalt -pass pass:~/template-iv.bin)

(Replace count=32768 like before.)

There should be 3 lines of status output from the first dd command. If there are any messages about I/O errors or comparison mismatches the drive is faulty.


I can't start Apache in XAMPP installation

Just for test remove (or better comment #) the line 136 from  /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf and try to start lampp again.

If after that http://localhost is accessible you must cope with the ssl module if you want to have https access to yours web server in the future.

I'm sure that you will find exactly what you need in Bitnami Wiki and Apache Friends Forum.


Which Ubuntu distro to install on Dell Inspiron mini 10v with Intel Atom? Also to play Netflix?

for a lightweight and complete distro, check out Xubuntu or Lubuntu. Xubuntu has Xfce which is very fast and it has a very low memory footprint.  as is Lubuntu which comes with the "minimal" desktop that is LXDE.

take a look at this post for a full list of Ubuntu-based distros.


Display resolution problem using VGA splitter

Here's how monitor autodetection works:  Every monitor's firmware contains a chunk of data called EDID which encodes the monitor's resolutions and refresh rates and so on.  The video driver makes a hardware call to retrieve this data, via the video card / monitor connection.

Splitters (like KVMs) manipulate the path from the card to the monitor.  Some KVMs pass the EDID properly, others don't.  My guess is that your splitter is not allowing the EDID to be passed back.

Indeed, I would guess that the system call has a built-in assumption that only one EDID chunk is present on a given connector, so even if it was returning something, it probably wouldn't be what you wanted.

Also, while all monitors return EDID, some TVs don't, or return a corrupted EDID.  But since you tested it without the splitter and it worked correctly, I don't think this problem affects you.

Different monitors support different sets of resolutions and frequencies, but all monitors are required by the VESA Standard to support at least two:  640x480 and 800x600.  So when X doesn't know anything about the monitor connected to it, it falls back to those two resolutions.  That's why those are the only ones you see available.

Anyway, I think in this case you can't rely on EDID to get your monitors magically auto-configured.  Instead, you'll need to manually specify the data yourself.

If you had specified your video driver or linked to your Xorg.0.log, I could give you more specific info.  The procedure varies depending on what video driver you're using.  If it is a KMS-enabled driver like -intel or -ati you have to specify it via the kernel.  If you have KMS turned off or are using a non-KMS driver, but the driver supports RANDR (e.g. -fglrx), you can add a modeline using the xrandr command line tool such as documented at the bottom of https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Config/Resolution.  If you are using a non-KMS, non-RANDR driver such as -nvidia, it is controlled entirely in your /etc/X11/xorg.conf; in this latter case you'll need to look up the vertical and horizontal refresh rates for all the monitors (hopefully they're all close to the same ranges, else you're screwed), and then specify those via the HorizSync and VertRefresh options in xorg.conf.  You'll also need to add the resolution in the xorg.conf.  Possibly you may need to construct a ModeLine as well, but I'll bet just the HorizSync and VertRefresh will be enough.

Good luck, and if you get stuck be sure to post your /var/log/Xorg.0.log.


If your picture is straight from the camera it contains information about your camera exposure flash etc. and time if correctly set on camera.
If it have been through a program it might contain data from that program too.
Try right clicking and choose properties, see tab image.
Screen shots cropped by Shotwell contains only the size.
Some modern cameras and phones also provide GPS coordinates.
There is no story, of which programs have done what to the picture.


Alternative to Easystroke (mouse gesture recognition software)

I tried gestikk out in the past, but easystroke really had much, much more features and a better user interface. I also looked for an alternative, but I couldn't find any that had at least half amount of easystrokes' features. Anyway, I'm completely satisfied with easystroke and >60 defined gestures ^^


This happened to me too. I think the primary reason is the pulseaudio daemon isn't killed properly.

First run pulseaudio --kill then pulseaudio --start.

This fixed the problem for me.


How to change mapping of commands to open specific programs?

Aliases to commands are stored in ~/.bashrc and /.bash_aliases. However, these may not always be the cause of the redirect. If the alias is not, then you can find out what path the terminal is following by typing type <command>. The type command will tell you where the file is that the terminal is executing and whether it is hashed to another executable elsewhere on the filesystem. In order to find out what file the link is to in that case, cd into that directory and type ls -l <file>.


Why does NOT the ubuntu 13.10 have the version.h?

/usr/include/linux/version.h is in package linux-libc-dev


Why doesn't POP3 work when IMAP works in Thunderbird?

Found it, POP was disabled on the Hotmail account. To fix this go to: inbox>Options>Connect devices and apps with POP in your hotmail account, and enable it from there.

source: Thunderbird forums


Your apache can not load module. Becouse of that can not start

mod_dav_svn.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

Just try do update/upgrade

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade libapache2-svn

or

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade


My custom launchers are highlighted in Docky when Chrome is launched

Some icon conflicts can be resolved by dragging the icons for the programs you need from the /usr/share/applications directory into Docky. Using your file manager, navigate to this folder and give this a try.


Can't reboot netbook with any of the reboot parameters

Interesting bug.  I would try using Alt-SysRq-T to see what tasks seem to be running, then file a bug based on that.  It would also be interesting to know whether Alt-SysRq-B reboots it or not.


How can I mount a fat filesystem automatically as Ubuntu starts?

Let us name your data partition as FAT for simplicity, and it's device name as /dev/sda11. Of course the actual partition Label and device name could be different.

You can check your device name and it's Label (If you set label, otherwise you will be given UUID of the device) with this command. Don't worry, if you see different UUID value for your system. Just open a terminal by Pressing Ctrl+Alt+T shortcut and type

sudo blkid | grep vfat

For my system, the output is like this,

/dev/sda11: LABEL="FAT" UUID="28D3-995A" TYPE="vfat"

You can see, I've only one FAT partition whose Label is FAT and It's device name is /dev/sda11. The most important bit of information is this device name.  After you have known the device name of your Fat partition, proceed as follows:

Open a terminal by Pressing Ctrl+Alt+T shortcut.
Type The below command

gksu gedit /etc/fstab

and hit Enter. This step will open /etc/fstab file in your gedit text editor. If you are using Kubuntu, replace "gedit" with kwrite. For Xubuntu and Lubuntu, use leafpad instead of gedit.
At the end of this file, Add the below line

/dev/sda11  /media/Fat   vfat   defaults,rw,users,uid=1000,gid=1000  0    0

My user id is 1000 and group id is 1000, so I added uid=1000 and gid=1000. Check what is your user id and group id and use them as the value of uid and gid.

To Find your user id, type id -i your-user-name and to find your group id, type id -g your-user-name.

After adding the line,  save the file by Pressing Ctrl + S keyboard shortcut. Then exit the Text editor by Pressing Alt+F4. You can also use close

Don't simply paste the line, replace /dev/sda11 with the actual device name of your FAT partition you found by executing sudo blkid | grep vfat command early in the answer
Then Again return to the terminal and type the below command

sudo mkdir /media/Fat

and hit Enter.
Restart your PC and see if your fat partition is correctly mounted.


Are all PHP security upgrades backported to Ubuntu 12.04 until 2017

The Ubuntu security team will backport security fixes, if the version in a supported Ubuntu release is affected. You can keep an eye on this using the Ubuntu CVE Tracker. For example, a recent CVE (CVE-2014-8142) had Ubuntu 10.04's version of PHP marked as "not-affected". For issues which don't have an associated CVE, you could file a bug on the appropriate Launchpad page, and let the devs decide.


How can I dual boot ubuntu alongisde windows 7's GUID GPT partition?

I would install Ubuntu to a gpt partition, as well. That is, in fact, what I do, but I do not run Windows on my PC, so I cannot give you a specific how-to-do-it answer.

You can find tons of valuable info at this web site, though:

http://www.rodsbooks.com/gdisk/index.html

Another great resource is the Parted Magic LiveCD, which includes the gdisk gpt partitioning program.

Good luck!


Image manipulation through a local proxy

The question was answered in a comment (which the OP indicated answered it), linking to an external source and summarizing its essentials:

  This will be a fun read! In other words: use Squid to have your
  script called on the request of an image.

– gertvdijk 2 days ago


Can not uninstall VMWare Workstation Player conventionally

Turns out Player is a vital component for Workstation - it is considered a component that can not be removed. That is utterly stupid, but what can i do. I deleted the shortcut from App Menu from /usr/share/applications/ and /usr/local/share/applications/, that's better than nothing, I guess.


I am not able to install anything in ubuntu

Okay, to back out of this, run the following commands:

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cuda.list
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install -f

This will uninstall the nvidia repo you downloaded and installed and hopefully the system will fix itself now. If not, we can fix it manually fairly easily by following the error messages.

You may need to do some more purging and we may have to use dpkg to do that manually so please post any more errors. Thanks!


What's the right way to make a backport recipe for bzr-builder?

If your packaging is part of the base branch rather than in a nested branch, you could probably use the merge d in your recipe.

Simply branch your of your package, make your Lucid compatibility changes and commit them.  Now you can write a recipe something like:

# bzr-builder ...
lp:.../base-packaging-branch
merge lucid-backport lp:.../lucid-compat-packaging

You should now get all the changes from the base branch with your Lucid compatibility fixes layered on top.  If there are conflicts during the merge your recipe will fail to build, but you probably want to know about that anyway.  Fixing this should be as simple as merging the changes into the Lucid branch and fixing the conflicts.


WINE Steam freezes at "Connecting Steam account"

Ah, it appears restarting my computer fixed the issue. Maybe I got something wrong here.


You might notice that the grub.cfg file advises not to make changes to that file.  To edit grub, make your changes to /etc/default/grub.  Then run sudo update-grub.  The update-grub will make the permanent changes to your grub.cfg file.

If you are trying to make Windows your Priority Boot device, you can do that by make grub default to saved.  This way Grub will remember the last OS you booted to and will boot to that OS until you decide to boot to a different one.

To do this, make these changes to your /etc/default/grub files:

File Edit Options Buffers Tools Conf Help
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'

GRUB_DEFAULT="saved"
GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT="true"
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT="0"
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET="true"
GRUB_TIMEOUT="15"
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obt

The changes from the default is highlighted by bold letters.

Alternatively you can use the GUI application GRUB Customizer.  It's available via a the ppa:

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

After installing the PPA you can run it from the Ubuntu Dash search (grub-customizer).

This GUI application allows you to easily perform a number of options that you might not know how to look for such as sorting the order in which the Launchers Appear in the Boot Menu.


locate is not suitable to count files!
It relies on what is saved in the updatedb database. But it leaves out some directories from the database when scanning.
See /etc/updatedb.conf
PRUNEPATHS="/tmp /var/spool /media /var/lib/os-prober /var/lib/ceph /home/.ecryptfs /var/lib/schroot".

Nautilus defaults to not include hidden files in the Contents/Totalling section, you have to explicitly enable "show hidden files". Also it does not decend into other file systems, it does report the same as tree -ixa / though.

tree should work just fine.
But you could also use find, which should be faster than tree:
find / -printf . | wc -c


Ubuntu 21.04 (Wayland) visual glitches in GUIs

I fixed it by completely deleting my drivers and reinstalling them.


Is it reasonable to use a GPG certificate for more than one email-account?

If you are asking in terms of logical sense then I can only say that I don't see why it would not be reasonable as it identifies the person and a person may own more than one email address.


Qt5 installation default host unreachable

After some experimentations, I have found how to install completely Qt5; with the file qt-unified-linux-x64-3.0.5-online.run, you must use sudo command, because it won't have access at all mirrors list, and print the error that you can see in the question :

sudo ./qt-unified-linux-x64-3.0.5-online.run

Qt5 would be installed a few time after downloading.

NB: At installation of Qt5, don't select ALL, that point will dissuade you : 75 GB of installation (all version 5 of Qt5 + some others package) which mean some download.


How can I convince SSH hosts to forget my old keys?

Well this is going to be entirely unsatisfactory as an answer, but I've now solved the issue, and the solution was… to wait. I'm not sure what difference it made, but I went off and did other things and then came back to try again, and it magically worked. I… don't get it. I would rather say I withdraw my question, than to have this be the answer.

Sigh.


Use qemu-nbd, the process is explained on serverfault and in this blog.

Basically, you'll have to install qemu if needed:

sudo apt-get install qemu

Then you'll need to load the network block device module:

sudo rmmod nbd
sudo modprobe nbd max_part=16

Attach the .vdi image to one of the nbd you just created:

sudo qemu-nbd -c /dev/nbd0 drive.vdi

Now you will get a /dev/nbd0 block device, along with several /dev/nbd0p* partition device nodes.

sudo mount /dev/nbd0p1 /mnt

Once you are done, unmount everything and disconnect the device:

sudo qemu-nbd -d /dev/nbd0


Is it possible to put a GUI to more than just TTY7?

Yes and no.

Setting aside TTY/PTS parts of the conversation...

Yes you can run more then one Xorg instance.

X :1
X :2
X :3

would start 3 new Xorg sessions on display ports 1,2, and 3

You can run damn near any command by setting the DISPLAY variable.

so DISPLAY=:1 xterm would start xterm on display port 1

Your "default" desktop is display port 0 (:0)

Now for the no part.

Unity is not a great desktop environment. As much as some people like it it really departs from a lot of things that make Linux awesome. One of those things, is that it assumes that it will be only running once. So starting Unity on many display ports usually produces tons of errors as both "environments" fight over settings and such.

KDE used to have the same problem (it still might).  XFCE and other "more traditional" desktop environments usually work fine, or at the very least, work as one instance per user logged in.

So yes you can run several GUI sessions at once in different TTY/PTY and access them by pressing CTRL+ALT+F7-F12 (depending on kernel settings).


No, I think there is no way to do this, because 64bit programs are not compatible with 32bit OS, but most 32bit programs are compatible with 64bit OS. It's simply another architecture. Which program do you want to use?


Highlight entire line with ctrl-shift-left or ctrl-shift-right

First of all, welcome to Linux!  I, too, transferred from Mac to Linux years ago, and I think it's a great way to transition.

In Ubuntu, as you've already discovered,

Shift + Home = select where the cursor currently is, to the beginning of the line.

Shift + End = select where the cursor currently is, to the end of the line.

You can also use Home and End on their own to simply move the cursor, and not select text.

These are some other shortcuts you might find helpful as well:

Ctrl + Shift + Home = select from where the cursor currently is to the very beginning of the file/document.

Ctrl + Shift + End = select from where the cursor currently is to the very end of the file/document.

You can also use Ctrl + A to select all text in the document as well.

In addition, you can simply hold Shift down and use the arrow keys to select text as well.

Hope this helps!


Try out:

xinput set-prop "ETPS/2 Elantech TrackPoint" "libinput Accel Speed" 2

and see if it increased the speed. You could put this setting on your ~/.xinitrc so that it'll be saved for your user.


This should work:

sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/doc-base.*
sudo apt-get install --reinstall doc-base


Touchscreen woes: Attempt to scroll using touchscreen is recognized as a click and drag/select

To get touch scrolling in Firefox working, install this addon extension Here

It's an addon called Grab and Drag. It allows you to scroll using the touchscreen in the same fashion as a tablet or smartphone.

Double tapping on the screen should also open files and folders in nautilus.


How to keep bluetooth headphones from turning off?

I believe the issue with the above command, (pactl set-card-profile 4 a2dp), is that you do not have the correct profile name.
Run pactl list cards. Then find your Bluetooth device. For example, mine is:
Card #3
    Name: bluez_card.00_02_5B_01_3C_3B
Next find the Profiles: section. The profile I enable on my system is a2dp_sink. So my command to enable that profile is:
pactl set-card-profile 3 a2dp_sink

However, instead of the index number, I would recommend using the card name instead. The index number can change.
If you run:
~$ pactl set-card-profile
You have to specify a card name/index and a profile name
you get the above message. So, in my case, I would use:
pactl set-card-profile bluez_card.00_02_5B_01_3C_3B a2dp_sink


How do I keep logged into websites so I don't have to logging everytime?

Usually websites will have a "Remember Me" or "Remember Password" option. Make sure that is checked if you want to avoid typing in your password.

If you use Firefox, it would be advisable to set up Sync (Tools > Set Up Sync). This will help Firefox remember your passwords, which will be stored in a database. Sync will allow you to keep your history, Bookmarks, Passwords, Settings, and Addons consistent across multiple installations of Firefox on multiple devices.


How to fix headphone audio after ubuntu update?

It turns out my audio was muted. I ran alsamixer from the terminal, and unmuted the headphone channel by hitting m.


GNU Emacs can't work on X11 and crashes with a message "Font `Ubuntu Mono 13'

Try adding following line into your ~/.Xdefaults file (if not exists create one with touch .Xdefaults):

   emacs.font:Monospace 12.

See man emacs for details.


How do I move .doc and .xls files to a new folder?

Assuming you are in the directory that you want to copy files from,

cp -r **/{*.doc,*.xls} /wherever/you/want/

would do the trick.


Solved. My workflow is now as following:

Update version information:

dch -i

Build source package:

cd ulxmlrpcpp/
dpkg-buildpackage -S -sa
cd ../

Build. Note that the first call is different because it also generates the arch-indep binaries. I recommend the native arch for this because it's the fastest and in case of an error you don't waste emulation time:

sudo OS=debian DIST=jessie ARCH=amd64 pbuilder --build --pkgname-logfile --debbuildopts '-sa -b' ulxmlrpcpp_1.7.5-2.35.dsc
sudo OS=debian DIST=jessie ARCH=armhf pbuilder --build --pkgname-logfile --debbuildopts -B ulxmlrpcpp_1.7.5-2.35.dsc

Add to repo (only if all above steps were successful):

reprepro -Vb . include jessie ulxmlrpcpp_1.7.5-2.35_source.changes
reprepro -Vb . include jessie /var/cache/pbuilder/debian-jessie-armhf/result/ulxmlrpcpp_1.7.5-2.35_armhf.changes
reprepro -Vb . include jessie /var/cache/pbuilder/debian-jessie-amd64/result/ulxmlrpcpp_1.7.5-2.35_amd64.changes


Command prompt is over written by previous commands!

That fails because you enclosed $(date ...) within \[ and \]. Remove those and it should work as expected.

\[ ... \], in the prompt, is used to tell bash that the characters within will not add to the length of the prompt. You need this around terminal escapes like \033[01;32m because this only makes the following text a different colour, but those 8 bytes will not add to the length of the prompt; they are instead eaten by the terminal.

On a side note; bash can already put the date in the prompt for you, without having to run the date command.

PS1='... \D{%a %F %T %Z} ...'

See http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#Controlling-the-Prompt


Disabling Chrome Swipe navigation - Two Finger "back"

Type chrome://flags/#overscroll-history-navigation into the address bar.

Change the state from 'Enabled' to 'Disabled'.


Windows 7 not able to boot after installing Ubuntu 12.10

It sounds to me like you probably deleted the Windows boot partition (A small, ~200Mb partition that Windows needs to be able to boot). To my knowledge, the only way to fix this is with a Windows Recovery Disc (or USB). As for finding out which version of Windows you have, I'm not sure. Is she has over 4GB memory installed then she's probably using a 64bit version, but I'm not sure how to check which specific version without actually booting into Windows. Hopefully somebody else can shed some light on that.


What you need to do is firstly set up your home directory in a separate partition.

In the install program select set-up partitions manually. Then create a root "/" partition, this should be around 20Gb, set a swap partition the rule of thumb here is 2x memory size, though you can make it bigger if you want.

Then create a new partition from the rest of the space and assign it to "/home" If this is the first install then you will need to format this.

When you reinstall then go through the same procedure, but this time the partitions will already exist, so you only need to set the partition root, "/" swap, and "/home" set the format partition option on the "/" but NOT on the "/home" partition.

This will then wipe the "/" directory but not the "/home". After the install program you will have all the system files in "/". Files in "/home" will still be there but the installer may have changed some "." files in here because of changes settings etc.

It can be useful to delete some or all of the "." files before doing this if you want the appearance to be at the default after the install.


Google Chrome is installed but Ubuntu Software Centre says it's not

Open your update manager and click at settings.Then you will directs to a window and in that windows choose Other software TAB.

Make sure that you have checked the following (in image )sources , If you done already then you worth a try with sudo apt-get update.


what is the different between "service ntp status" and "systemctl status systemd-timesyncd.service"

when you switch from 14.04 to 18.04 two related changes happened.

the component to provide NTP server was changed from ntpd to chrony
systemd-timesyncd is a default available and active NTP client

You'll find more details, FAQs and such in the link that I added (the 18.04 release notes) above.

To summarize:

if you have used ntpd as NTP server convert it to chrony
if you have used NTP clients like ntpdate now instead use

systemd-timesyncd as it is sufficient in most cases
you can use chrony as a NTP client if you need a more sophisticated NTP client

P.S. ntpd/ntpdate still are available and work, they just aren't fully supported anymore.


OpenShot would be the one I would use for the exact same thing. It supports importing multiple images and overlapping them with videos. OpenShot is more focused on creating the video with already existing edited parts (Video, Audio, Images).

I am guessing since you are using Gimp and Blender, you have already edited what you wanted. For Audio maybe Audacity.

I chose OpenShot because it is faster for what you need, the learning curve is super easy and when creating the final scene it can use all CPUs, so it is very efficient. Imagine it like a powerful Movie Maker.


you have to try with changing to some other server , in deed from best server option.

Open software sources application from dash, from there you can change your software server.


HyperMemory is primarily a marketing term and the Windows drivers are more marketing friendly. I think you can safely assume that the default fglrx settings are optimal. Make sure you enabled all possible features in the BIOS if possible.


By default this process is upstart which uses scripts from /etc/init. It can also be printed by scripts in /etc/init.d/ (for example PostgreSQL daemon still utilize them).


Properly installing Nvidia Geforce GTX 1050Ti Drivers on Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS

Properly manual install using the Official Nvidia.run driver step by step. Also solves the booting problems: Starting User Manager for UID 121... and /dev/sda1: clean

Identify your Nvidia VGA card.
$ lshw -c display

Download the Official Nvidia driver.
Rename the file to ndriver.run (optional, for simplification)

The following prerequisites are required to compile and install Nvidia driver:
$ sudo apt install build-essential libglvnd-dev pkg-config

Disable Nouveau driver.
$ sudo bash -c "echo blacklist nouveau > /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf"
$ sudo bash -c "echo options nouveau modeset=0 >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf"

Confirm the content of the new modprobe config file:
$ cat /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf
blacklist nouveau
options nouveau modeset=0

Reboot the system.
$ reboot

Open the TTY terminal bypassing the black screen errors.
After the BIOS screen, at the Ubuntu's purple screen press Esc
select Advanced options for Ubuntu
select the second line: (recovery mode)
select root and press double Enter

Stop the current display server. Yeah, Nouveau is alive...
$ sudo telinit 3

Run the Official Nvidia driver.
$ sudo bash /home/username/Downloads/ndriver.run

note: respect uppercases
You should select the affirmative option in all cases.
for more information about each step on this guided installation process, read this.

Reboot the system.
$ reboot

If everything done right, you should see your graphic card model on Configuration/About window.


Delete all files from a second level directoty inside a hidden directoty in Ubuntu MATE 21.04 using a Bash script

Neither single nor double quotes will allow expansion of the * glob - that needs to be outside the quotes i.e.
rm '/home/admn/.cache/thumbnails/normal/'*

or
rm "/home/admn/.cache/thumbnails/normal/"*

However, since your string doesn't contain any shell-special characters, you could omit the quotes altogether
rm /home/admn/.cache/thumbnails/normal/*


How can I add this unallocated space to my partition?

with gparted you will need to move /dev/sda4 up to fill that unallocated space . if you cant directly move it just make note of the exact size ... then you can stretch it out so it takes up the full unallocated space then shrink it so its the same original size .. that should put the free space between /devsda4 and /dev/sda5 .. then you should be able to expand 5 to the full space .. or very close too it.. it may end up leaving a few meg of unallocated.


Although xmonad and i3 are good guesses, this is actually tmux, a terminal multiplexer (I know because I use it constantly).  It is an invaluable tool that allows you to create and manage multiple sessions (like browser windows), tabs (like browser tabs), and panes (like multiple tabs shown at once, as seen in your screenshot).  You can get it by installing the tmux package (sudo apt-get install tmux), and I highly recommend starting off with this excellent tutorial.

Most of the tmux "panes" with colored text are vim instances.  vim is a unique and immensely powerful text editor.  Check out first this primer, and then this tutorial.  If you ever have to do any significant amount of programming, vim will be one of your best friends.


How Do I remove minimize, maximize, and close buttons in Ubuntu 18.04?

If you want to get rid of those window control buttons from all the windows run the following command in Terminal

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences button-layout :

To undo this step, run

gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences button-layout


wubi installed Ubuntu 12.04 in Windows XP not to open

In a Windows environment The D drive is typically the first optical drive seen by Windows. Have you changed your drive letter assignments within Windows? If you installed from Wubi then you should see a screen at boot up asking what OS you would like to boot into. Go into your add/remove programs within Windows and see if Wubi is listed. If not then the install was not a success.


Keyboard only dims when system shutdown is attempted

I shutdown after I disconnected the USB hub and it shutdown with no problems.

Source: comment by OP


dockerfile - openjdk-8-jdk have unmet dependencies openjdk-8-jre & openjdk-8-jdk-headless

You can’t resolve it, because openjdk-8-jre-headless breaks ca-certificates-java versions older than 20160321.

However I don’t think you need to resolve it:

apt-get install -y -t jessie-backports openjdk-8-jdk

works fine, and the resulting setup does have a /etc/ssl/certs/java/cacerts file.


Linking multiple sounds cards in order to play sound over all of them simultaneously.

You can setup simultaneous output using the tool paprefs. Install it using:

sudo apt-get install paprefs

and then run it using:

paprefs &


Not able to launch 13.10 installer on asus n56j

Had the same issue with my Asus N56J. At the point of failure, the system error points to the a problem with nouveau drivers. To get around this, you want to edit the grub menu.

When the grub menu appears, edit the entry that you want to boot by pressing 'e'. Move to then end of the line that begins with 'linux', and add "nomodeset" (no quotes). Press 'F10' to boot.


Not sure why power settings only offers hibernate or shutdown.
You can change the option to suspend using dconf-editor:
Browse to org->gnome->settings-daemon->plugins->power, and change the value of critical-battery-action to "suspend".


The issue is the Unity settings in CCSM. The "Dash Blur" setting was set to "Static Blur". Changing that back to "No Blur" fixes the issue. I suppose this is why it's under the "Experimental" tab.

By the way, the list of PCI devices was the same and I did not try disabling OpenGL because I don't want to disable all the plugins that use it.


Can't Access getcomposer.org Ubuntu 17.04

I tried to access https://getcomposer.org with VPN from vpnbook
and it works fine. For some people getcomposer.org will not accessible. because of there Lan May be Shared with multiple people. So If you can't access getcomposer.org, have a try with any VPN.

Thank You.


Advanced Find/Replace plugin successfully installed but I'm unable to use it

It looks like this is a known issue for Gedit v3.12+. See here: Support for Gedit 3.12. There is a possible fix here: Can't load plugin.

By the way, the project looks outdated. The last release was 2013-05-01 for Gedit v3.8.


You can't use the GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT setting and the GRUB_TIMEOUT setting at the same time. This is true even when the hidden timeout is set to 0.

You can comment out the line that you don't want.

For example:

#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0

After saving the change, run sudo update-grub again.


Exclude mysql upgrade from do-release-upgrade

In short, Ubuntu 16.04 only provides packages for MySQL 5.7. Which means holding version 5.6 will not allow you to upgrade.

The hold you set is doing exactly as it should; which is preventing it from upgrading MySQL to version 5.7. However, it is also holding back your upgrade to Ubuntu 16.04.

During research, I found a link to some information on adding MySQL 5.6 to Ubuntu 16.04: https://makandracards.com/makandra/39899-install-mysql-5-6-in-ubuntu-16-04

Perhaps you can dump your database, remove MySQL, upgrade to 16.04, install MySQL 5.6 using the information linked above, then restore your database? Make sure you have a back up just in-case it doesn't work out.


How to install haskell for Ubuntu 13.10?

It's really weird because haskell-platform is actually properly packaged for Ubuntu Saucy (13.10), see the dedicated package page.

I tested installation using the following command and it installed correctly:

sudo apt-get install haskell-platform

The unsatisfiable dependencies libgmp-dev and libbsd-dev that you mentioned in your question are both available main, I'd suggest to (re-)enable both main and universe archives and refresh the package list:

sudo apt-get install -f
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main universe restricted multiverse"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install haskell-platform

Note: apt-get install -f will just ensure that there's no broken package on your system.


The environment variable should be named XDG_CACHE_HOME, not _DIR.
From the XDG Base Directory Specification

$XDG_CACHE_HOME defines the base directory relative to which user specific non-essential data files should be stored. If $XDG_CACHE_HOME is either not set or empty, a default equal to $HOME/.cache should be used.


Apt-get Cant find package: libav-tools_2.8.14-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_all.deb

You could just download this package and install it: wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/364831898/libavutil-dev_2.8.14-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb && sudo dpkg -i libavutil-dev_2.8.14-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb


Problem installing Ubuntu 13.10 alongside Windows 8

1.Log in into your windows 8 os.Download and install EasyBCD from here.

2.Under linux section add a boot entry for your Ubuntu Partition.And also add entry for your windows 8 partition.

3.reboot

Or

try boot-repair disk .


Failed upgrade from 11.10 to 12.04 on an encrypted filesystem

Okay, so I eventually found a way to solve my problem with this:

Reboot during update, glibc error: libc.so.6: version 'GLIBC_2.14' not found

Here's what I did to restore the upgrade process:

Boot from a live CD, start a terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) and do the following commands:

sudo -i
apt-get install lvm2

Then, go to the file explorer (Nautilus) and mount the hard drive in question, which should give you a path to it as /media/[random set of letters and numbers]/

Then, go back to the terminal and do the following commands:

cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so [path to your hard drive which you can determine from Nautilus]/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/
cd [path to your hard drive which you can determine from Nautilus]/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
rm libc.so.6
ln -s libc-2.15.so libc.so.6
cd /mnt
mount -t sysfs sys [path to your hard drive which you can determine from Nautilus]/sys
mount -o bind /dev [path to your hard drive which you can determine from Nautilus]/dev
mount -t proc proc [path to your hard drive which you can determine from Nautilus]/proc
chroot [path to your hard drive which you can determine from Nautilus]
ls # make sure ls does not complain about libc!
apt-get -f install
apt-get dist-upgrade

At some point, one of the apt-get might "fail" and ask you to do a "dpkg --configure -a". Do it as it solves the problem.

Then, you should be able to reboot. Run "Additional Drivers", "Computer Janitor" and "Update Manager" and you should be good to go. At least, it worked for me.


why is dpkg configuration running out of space on ubuntu 10.04 when there is space available?

You have a separate /boot partition and it's 100% full:

~ # df
Filesystem           1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
...
/dev/sda1                93207     87960       435 100% /boot

Remove some older kernels and try again.

Update: By "remove kernels" I mean "use apt-get or synaptic or the method described in the article found by @Whippy", not "remove kernel files and directories manually" - the latter would not be a good idea.

See also:

How to remove old kernel versions automatically?


Ubuntu SDK and Qt Creator on same machine

Yes, it can, I also use both Ubuntu SDK and QtCreator, with no problem whatsoever.


Getting Android Studio Emulator to run on Chromebook trusty

As far as I have read, the Chrome OS kernel has been compiled to deliberately not support the virtualisation capabilities of the CPU. I take it you are running Crouton? If so, this sums it up best - https://github.com/dnschneid/crouton/issues/189. You would have to recompile your kernel with the virtualisation switch turned on.

Do you know you can run Android Studio in a window in Chrome OS via Crouton using XIWI (command from shell:- sudo enter-chroot xiwi studio)? Then you can connect to the Chromebook's Android OS via ADB and run your applications natively with no need for any virtualisation. Obviously you lose the ability to see what your app looks like on other Android versions and devices but at least you get to run your app. It's probably the best you can do on a Chromebook at the moment and it's a lot easier than it sounds. Just remember to generate the command line launcher from within Android Studio first (Tools -> Create Command-line Launcher...). Full details here:- https://android.jlelse.eu/developing-android-apps-right-on-your-chromebook-f3a00cb78e0e

FWIW, AIDE recently added Chromebook support for their Android app, including Chromebook trackpad support and window resizing. Because it's all running in Android, it's quicker than Android Studio on a Chromebook. It's not as powerful as Android Studio but it might be worth a look...


Hibernation fails with closed lid and external monitor connected Ubuntu 18.04

It appears the problem has been caused by a kernel bug. I am now using Linux 5.0.0-37-generic x86_64 and the problem has fixed itself with the kernel update.


How can I change the order of the users in the login screen?

The login screen doesn't simply sort by name. In fact, in lucid, the default login screen sorts first by usage frequency, and by display name as a fallback. So your mother will show up first after a few times.


From the manpages:

   Runlevels are a concept from UNIX(R)  System  V  used  by  the  init(8)
   daemon  or other system initialisation system to define modes of system
   operation.
   The Upstart init(8) daemon has no  native  concepts  of  runlevel,  and
   unlike  the  System  V  daemon,  makes  no attempt to keep track of the
   current runlevel.

Ubuntu and other modern Linux distributions have replaced System V init with Upstart:

  Upstart is an event-based replacement for the /sbin/init daemon which handles starting of tasks and services during boot, stopping them during shutdown and supervising them while the system is running.

If you must switch to what is now closest to runlevel 3 do it by stopping your gdm or lightdm service.


Maybe like this:

$ sed -r 's|/[^/]*$||' file | sed -r 's|([^/]*/?[^/]*/?[^/]*).*|\1|'
Modified folders: html/project1/old
Modified folders: html/port5
Modified folders: html/trap/dev8
Modified folders: html/bla3/test
Modified folders: html/bla4/pro1
Modified folders: html/bla10/dev
Modified folders: html/bla11/dev

Or you can do the second part with cut:

sed -r 's|/[^/]*$||' file | cut -d '/' -f 1,2,3

Notes

-r use ERE
s|old|new| replace old with new
[^/]* any number of characters that are not /
$ end of line
/? zero or one /
(pattern) save pattern to reference later with \1
.* any number of any characters
| (unquoted) shell pipe - passes output of left hand side command to right hand side command
cut -d '/' use / as delimiter
-f 1,2,3 print the first three fields


Ubuntu App Showdown: Commercial applications

If I want to submit a commercial app, what exactly do I have to do?

You can submit commercial open source apps as usual

  we would only open source if it's required, but would prefer to only share the source with the judges. Is that also possible?

No Ubuntu Appshowdownfaq  says

  Your app must be Open Source to be eligible for the contest, and you
  can use any license that complies with the Open Source definition.

ie, you must provide source code to public

  How to package mono develop project?

Here is guide from ubuntu wiki


Ubuntu will not allow WiFi password more than 61 characters

Network manager will accept 63 ascii characters or 64 hex characters for WPA and WPA2 if you type it in; please do not use cut and paste if you are having problems.

The 63 ascii characters are taken as a passphrase and converted to a 256 bits hex key. The 64 hex characters are the key as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WPA_key - - so I suspect there may be leading spaces in the entry box before you start typing. Please try again after backspacing all the way left


Given a file meyveler.txt, you can delete all lines that start not with a lowercase letter a-z with sed simply like this:

sed '/^[^a-z]/d' meyveler.txt

The above command will read from your file and print the filtered output to the terminal. If you want to edit the file directly in-place, add the -i flag. You can preserve the original file as backup if you specify a suffix (e.g. -i.bak will keep the original data as meyveler.txt.bak):

sed -i '/^[^a-z]/d' meyveler.txt

You don't need cat to read the file and you don't need grep or egrep to filter them. All this functionality is built into sed.


I found the issue. The monitor on my soundcard was muted in Pulseaudio Volume Control, also known as pavucontrol
Simply install Pulseaudio Volume Control from the Software app, or use sudo apt install pavucontrol
Then run it, go to the Input Devices tab, and then check if the monitor of your sound card is unmuted.
I don't know why it was unmuted, but after trying about a hundred things, I tried checking my pulseaudio settings and this fixed it.


Upgrading to 4.6.0-rc6 kernel fixed my flickering screen issue but now WiFi doesn't work (Dell XPS 13)

Try running this command:

sudo service network-manager restart

It will restart your network manager.


Determining which account failed to write to a folder

You can add your user account to a group with the following command:

sudo usermod -a -G <group> <username>

Do take care not to forget the -a (append) switch this tells usermod to add the group to the groups your user is already in otherwise it would replace all your existing groups with this one.

Note that the groups are read at user login thus you will need to log out and back in again before the change will take effect.


How can I detect that my Ubuntu machine is part of a botnet?

Install clam-tk and clam-av. This is a virus scanner and a GUI frontend, this will scan your Ubuntu machine for viruses, malware, and the like. Also helpful is the ability to scan windows partitions, helpful for dual-booters.


Display brightness cannot be adjusted 18.04

An alternative method is to install a PPA and brightness APP which also adjusts gamma - AWESOME!, and ... for any individual screen TOO!

Here are the 3 simple steps:

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:apandada1/brightness-controller
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install brightness-controller

Then find it ...

  Brightness Controller

in  your App's/Accessories

Always Trying to help, Mark


find / | grep to find files containing git but exclude digital

Since git repositories have a .git folder in them, look for those folders:

find / -type d -name .git


Try this:

sudo kill $(pgrep nginx)

if not work try

sudo pkill nginx

if not work try search for PID of the service:

ps aux | grep nginx

Then kill by PID:

sudo kill -9 PID


The user returned by ps (eg in ps aux or ps -ef) is the effective user by default.  If you want the effective user id as well you need to add uid to the format line, for example:

ps -eo pid,user,uid,args

The above will show the effective user ID after the effective user name.  Note that euser and euid are just aliases of user and uid respectively.

These are distinct to the real user and real user id which would require adding ruser and ruid in the ps format line.  Typically, effective user (the default) is what you want.  Real user is mainly just a mechanism to remember the original uid before changing uid using setuid (the mechanism used by sudo and su).


default position of windows/programs (xubuntu 18.04)

Unfortunately, there is rather little user control on the default placement of windows in floating window managers. The application itself can have control on window placements, and that is how some applications remember their size or insist appearing in the same spot the next time.

(#1) What I can do to "reset" the default position of various programs
so they appear in the same monitor as the current position of cursor?

There is probably little you can do here. Programs controlling their window store their information each in their own way, using dconf or using a configuration file...

(#2) What can I do to force a program/window to always appear on the
primary display?

This can be coped with, but the solution depends on some old utilities requiring you to manually set up some configuration files. The utilities devilspie and devilspie2, a successor with a different syntax, are little daemons that watch the creation of new windows. Then, they automatically adapt the window according to a rule you define.
Thus, you could set any new window to appear on the primary monitor. You can also have specific rules for particular windows: you could have your browser always appear on the third monitor in full screen without window decorations, etc.


Why does an "Official Microsoft Error" appear on my screen if i'm using Ubuntu?

Welcome to the world of "Scam Domains and Popups and Advertisements"!  This is one of the most obvious* scams observed on the Internet today.  As you're an Ubuntu user, a little bit of "common sense" tends to go a long way: "I'm not using Windows, this is an Ubuntu system, and this is most likely a scam."  Fortunately, you caught this and asked about it, but a lot of people don't always do that.

In the IT Security world this is a well known scam.  Nothing Ubuntu related or Microsoft related is actually at play, what you're seeing is a scam site that's popped up in your browser.  These 'scams' are not able to determine what OS you're actually using, but since a huge market share uses Microsoft, they usually try and target Microsoft for various reasons.
 (You'd be surprised how many times, though, the 'average person' thinks it's a legitimate site and fall for the scam, though.)

Most of the time the reason you're getting this is because there's a dodgy advertisement-network plugin on the website you're using, and this scam site is one of the 'served' advertisement domains/sites.  This typically tends to happen on dodgy websites, such as porn sites, 'questionably legal' sites, a number of hijacked websites, and other websites where people are less than picky about ad revenue generation with their site (and use dodgy advertisement services).  You should steer clear of those sites, if this happens, and stop browsing those sites in the future when this type of thing pops up.

If this persists after you close your browser, you should strongly consider nuking your browser profile and starting over from scratch (which is explained in this other thread)

If even after you do that it persists, change your DNS to 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 (refer to What is the proper way to change the DNS IP? for Desktop installations), and then nuke your browser again, and see if it still persists.  If it does, it's possible there's some nasty malware on your system, at which point you should probably start considering a completely fresh installation from scratch (to "Nuke it from Orbit" as we call it) and making sure the issue doesn't persist at that point.

The big problem is if this continues after that - after that, you have to start hunting other network resources such as your router, etc. as the potential cause of the problem, but this is usually not the case.

However, your question does not ask how to determine if it's malware-caused or not, so I will not be explaining this any further here; if this type of investigation is necessary, it's probably better to start in a new question/thread specific to that case.

I would take down the domain that's displayed in your address bar in a separate file, and provide that to Microsoft as a report of a phishing attempt, since that looks like a 'legitimate' Microsoft website to the untrained eye.  Microsoft has more resources to 'shut down' this stuff than the average user would.

* Disclaimer: I'm an IT Security professional, and this is one of the most easily implemented and most often observed types of 'scams' done online (that is, not email or phone call scam attempts, and involving an actual type of online website interaction for the scam to work) to users in general; the "most obvious" claim is from my background in being able to spot the bad websites from the good, and to identify which ones are or are not legitimate sites


You usually wouldn't use a ui file as a template (in the sense of duplication). The only method I know is to traverse the Gtk object tree and duplicate each object you come across. Depending on how complex your tree is you might be able to get away with just looking through and duplicating the classes without any data.

I know of no convenience functions for helping you do this. And a gnome developer would probably tell you to create a factory class to build the ui or load the ui file multiple times (I believe the builder creates a new tree on each load)


How can I encrypt my pendrive with password?

The easiest and most fail safe way will be to save your files in password protected archive files, 'zip' being the most popular archive file format supporting such protection. This format is supported directly in most OS's including Ubuntu and Windows, without installing any other applications.

If you want complete drive encryption you'll have to install a third party encryption app, which is cross-platform and/or offers dedicated app for the various platforms.

VeraCrypt seems to be the current popular and most reliable(still in active development, is opensource) app for this. Its a fork and a true successor to the previously popular TrueCrypt, which is no longer being developed.

N.B: I haven't personally used VeraCrypt, please see if it caters to your needs


This could be a typical backlight control issue. As a workaround, you could edit the following file with:
sudo vi /etc/default/grub

(You could substitute the vi with any other editor that you're familiar with)

Please change the following line:

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to:

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash video.use_native_backlight=1"

Save it and run sudo update-grub and reboot to make the change take effect.

If that's the case, your backlight control should work as expected now.

If you're interested, more information could be found in comment #5 of this bug. It's mainly caused by the BIOS and the Win8 capability. And for 3.16 kernel (which is the kernel of 14.10, it will use the native backlight control interface by default, therefore it won't have this kind of issue)

Last but not the least, it would be great to open a bug against this issue with ubuntu-bug linux command. Report guideline could be found from this wiki page.

Good luck.