How to stop the Software Updater. from nagging about the Firefox updates?

If you want a version different than offered then you should apt-get remove Ubuntu's Firefox and install Firefox ESR yourself, directly from mozilla, outside the package manager. There is no deb package yet for Ubuntu Firefox ESR. If Ubuntu still bothers you about Firefox updates then you need to apt-get remove more stuff.

To install just tar xjf the archive you downloaded, mv and ln -s as you desire (I suggest moving it to /opt/firefox24).

You must run this Firefox install as root to get updates for it. These updates will come directly from mozilla on the ESR channel. If you casually run sudo firefox then root will write into your default profile folder, making it unusable for your regular user until you chown/chmod it back. So make a separate profile for updates with firefox -P.


Desktop icon position (programmatically access and manipulate)

Stored as GVFS metadata attributes.

To get all GVFS metadata attributes for file/directory:

gvfs-info '/home/user/Desktop/Untitled Folder/'

To get specific attribute - icon position:

gvfs-info -a 'metadata::nautilus-icon-position' '/home/user/Desktop/Untitled Document/'

To set icon position:

gvfs-set-attribute -t string '/home/user/Desktop/Untitled Document/' 'metadata::nautilus-icon-position' '500,500'

Remember to refresh desktop (F5 key) to see effect.

If lower level manipulation required there is Nautilus Extension API (via libnautilus):

https://developer.gnome.org/libnautilus-extension/stable/

and specifically:

https://developer.gnome.org/libnautilus-extension/stable/NautilusFileInfo.html


How can I avoid entering my password for everything?

You don't have to enter your password for everything. Either your installation is severely broken somehow, or (more likely) you're not using it correctly.

Consider running ls in the terminal. You don't need your password for this. Do you always run it as sudo ls? Don't do this. If running ls without sudo fails, paste the result of running sudo ls -l /bin/ls here.


What groups should your default account be a member of?

The default groups are:

{user} adm cdrom sudo dip plugdev lpadmin sambashare

Where {user} is your username.

When adding new groups to your user on the command-line, to avoid losing membership of other groups, use:

sudo usermod -aG {group1},{group2},{group3} {user}

The -a option of usermod appends the new group onto your user's list of groups, without that you'll overwrite all other groups.

Unfortunately, as you've taken yourself out of the sudo group, you won't be able to complete this command. If you have another sudo user on the system that you have access to, you could use them to reset your groups, otherwise you will need to boot to recovery, and drop to a root shell, to recover the groups using the usermod command above, although as root, you won't need sudo.


Ubuntu Touch Wifi Password Issues on Nexus 7

This issue has existed in the last few daily builds, up to and including latest 'current'.

It is now fixed, in build: 20130816.2

WORK AROUND

Wait a few days, and try again.

OR

Try re-installing, using 'pending' build:

phablet-flash cdimage-touch -b --pending

The FTP server where these files are downloaded from:

http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-touch/daily-preinstalled/


There's a work around for it. You may want to check it out here.

Though the call and text features are not available in the Linux platform. I'm currently using a smart broadband prepaid so what I do is insert the SIM on a phone and register it from there.


You should give some more detail, like are you working behind proxy. Some time working behind proxy may cause this kind of problem. If this is the case then you can edit your apt.conf file. Use this command:

  gedit /etc/apt/apt.conf

Then add the following line at the end

  Acquire::http::proxy "http://userid:pass_word@proxy:port/";

Where useid and pass_word are you proxy authentication user id and pass word.
You can check this link for reference http://apurbapaul.blogspot.in/2012/08/setting-httpproxy-value-to-local-bashrc.html


How to improve performance by Optimus for GT650m?

Try primus for better performance on certain applications: https://raw.github.com/Bumblebee-Project/Bumblebee/master/doc/RELEASE_NOTES_3_1


Ubuntu MATE 19.10 mouse/touch pad not working on hp stream 14

I got this fixed using the following video:

youtube.com/watch?v=wDtJooJJfFE

Here is the written directions for the same video:

In this video I show you how to fix Touchpad mouse not working in linux operating systems.
Hope this fix your problem.

Steps:

Enter in terminal type:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

In there you will enter this commands:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash psmouse.proto=bare"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="i8042.reset i8042.nomux i8042.nopnp i8042.noloop"

Next you are going to save the grub file by pressing:

  ctrl + o

an then exit the grub editor:

  ctrl + x

Now update the grub in terminal:

  sudo update-grub

When update finishes enter in terminal:

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:atareao/atareao

Then type and enter:

  sudo apt-get update

Now install a program call touchpad-indicator:

   sudo apt-get install touchpad-indicator

Thank you for watching !


How can I link my Canon MG5650 scanner to Ubuntu?

You need nightly version of sane. You can compile it yourself or install it from this PPA: https://launchpad.net/~rolfbensch/+archive/ubuntu/sane-git

You can add this repository and upgrade sane this way (in terminal):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rolfbensch/sane-git
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

You might need to do sudo apt-get install -f to fix some dependency problems.

If you don’t have sane already installed, you can do this after adding this PPA by:

sudo apt-get install xsane sane

I have the same printer/scanner, and after installing nightly sane from this repository, I could easily use the scanner. When connected to the same network that the scanner is connected to, just run xsane (you should be able to find in applications menu) and let it discover your device from network.

You’ll also be able to use other sane-based tools for scanning, like xscanimage, skanlite etc. (even LibreOffice, you can find list of them here: http://www.sane-project.org/sane-frontends.html).

Your all-in-one device should be visible in titlebar of those programs as pixma:MG5600_<ip_address>.

Oh, and most of those tools allow you to scan in 1200 dpi resolution. Don’t use it, the scanner is capable of maximum 600 dpi, anything greater will lead you to scrambled image acquired.


How to migrate from Evolution with Maildir to Thunderbird

Why not install IMAP locally and put the mails there.
After that you should be able to connect thunderbird and sync it with the IMAP.


How do I make luakit my default browser?

Try this. From a terminal:

$ mkdir -p ~/.local/share/applications/
$ echo "[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Luakit Web Browser
Comment=Browse the World Wide Web
GenericName=Web Browser
Keywords=Internet;WWW;Browser;Web;Explorer
Exec=luakit %u
Terminal=false
X-MultipleArgs=false
Type=Application
Icon=luakit
Categories=GNOME;GTK;Network;WebBrowser;
MimeType=text/html;text/xml;application/xhtml+xml;application/xml;application/rss+xml;application/rdf+xml;image/gif;image/jpeg;image/png;x-scheme-handler/http;x-scheme-handler/https;x-scheme-handler/ftp;x-scheme-handler/chrome;video/webm;application/x-xpinstall;
StartupNotify=true
Actions=NewWindow;" > ~/.local/share/applications/luakit.desktop
$ update-desktop-database ~/.local/share/applications/

Then in System Settings > Details > Default Applications, you should be able to select Luakit Web Browser.


Why am I getting Error "Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)" (related to openstack-dashboard)?

You will get this error every time you upgrade or install a new package because package openstack-dashboard-ubuntu-theme is broken in your system.
Solution for this :

sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/openstack-dashboard-ubuntu-theme.*

Check if your problem is solved, if not then execute these command afterwards.

sudo apt remove --purge openstack-dashboard-ubuntu-theme
sudo apt -f install
sudo apt update


How do I detect and kill synergy if my game is loading?

Rather than edit somebody else's script, I've written a wrapper. This script handles pulseaudio and synergy quite well but the playonlinux command itself is an issue because it returns and I have to come up with a way to make my script wait... or maybe I don't. I could write it to poll for the game to see if it is running.

...OK, I've rewritten it to include a polling loop. I have one last concern and that is if it doesn't run from the shortcut.

...OK there was an issue with running from the shortcut but adding a '&' at the end of the playonlinux command seems to have addressed it.

#!/bin/bash

#The idea is to use this script to replace the command in the shortcut.
#
# Architectural & contextual notes: This is a desktop ( my wargamer's box called
# Warmachine ) which has a synergy server running on it and also a laptop that
# runs a synergy client. Synergy & pulseaudio must die in order for the game to
# play correctly. Synergy must die on both machines but pulseaudio is an issue
# local to the desktop. The Synergy client running remotely must die because it
# freaks out when it can't find the server. The most annoying effect of this is
# a shrieking laptop fan while you are trying to conentrate when it isn't even
# supposed to be doing anything. I have aliases for all these functions and I'm
# really just putting them into a wrapper script form because I keep forgetting
# to use them.
#
# In order for the sudo commands to work in a non-interactive fashion
# i.e., without a password, you need the following entry in your sudoers file:
# [username goes here] ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/service avahi-daemon restart, /usr/bin/killall synergys
# ...and this one on the laptop:
# [username goes here] ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/killall synergyc, /home/jim/scripts/restartSynergy.sh
# I use a special script to restart synergy on the laptop as it includes a
# screen resizing background process that fixes the synergy screen size
# when it swtches from the laptops display to the 42" TV I use for a regular
# game display.

#kpa - Kill Pulse Audio alias
#We are killing pulseaudio because WINE hates it.

echo "autospawn = no" > ~/.config/pulse/client.conf &
pulseaudio --kill

#Now we need to kill our synergy server and also stop the client in my laptop.

ssh -t -t bl sudo /usr/bin/killall synergyc &
sudo /usr/bin/killall synergys

sleep 1

# This is the command to start the game. This is what the script is wrapping.
# Unfortunately this command returns as soon as it is called regardless, so I
# need to come up with something to deal with that. Perhaps a polling system?
# The apparently extraneous '&' below fixes an issue.
/usr/share/playonlinux/playonlinux --run "Battle.Net" %F &

sleep 1

#This is our polling loop.
EXIT=0
while [ ${EXIT} -eq 0 ]; do
  sleep 5

  ps aux | grep -v grep | grep Battle\.Net
  EXIT=$?
  if [[ ${EXIT} != 0 ]]; then

    #spa - Start Pulse Audio alias
    rm -f ~/.config/pulse/client.conf
    pulseaudio --start

    # Reload the audio devices in the GUI
    sudo /usr/sbin/service avahi-daemon restart &

    /usr/bin/synergys -a 127.0.0.1 -c /etc/synergy.conf
    sleep 1
    #Restart synergy client on laptop.
    ssh -t -t bl /home/jim/scripts/restartSynergy.sh

  fi

done


top (table of processes) package on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

It is probably installed with the procps package. It is also common in all *NIX OSes. If you really need to find what it is installed with, install apt-file first:
sudo apt install apt-file && apt-file update

If you run a which command it will return the folder that it is installed into:
$ which top
/usr/bin/top

Then do a search like this:
apt-file search --regexp '/top$'

It will return a list like this:
broctl: /usr/share/broctl/scripts/helpers/top
crossfire-maps: /usr/share/games/crossfire/maps/santo_dominion/magara/well/top
crossfire-maps-small: /usr/share/games/crossfire/maps/santo_dominion/magara/well/top
liece: /usr/share/emacs/site-lisp/liece/styles/top
lubuntu-extra-sessions: /usr/share/lxpanel/profile/Lubuntu-Nexus7/panels/top
lxpanel: /etc/xdg/lxpanel/two_panels/panels/top
procps: /usr/bin/top
quilt: /usr/share/quilt/top
trn4: /usr/share/doc/trn4/examples/univ/top
trn4: /usr/share/trn4/HelpFiles/top

Then all you have to do is match the folder, and that is the package at the beginning of the line.
Or, you could combine the statement as one and it should return a more exact result:
$ apt-file search --regexp "^$(which top)$"
procps: /usr/bin/top

Hope this helps!


How enable inbuilt graphic card in 12.04?

Ubuntu uses the internal graphics card automatically. Don't need to worry.


Problem using sed to replace URLs in html files with script

As mentioned by steeldriver, the single quotes suppress all shell expansions, so $OLDSTR is passed literally to sed. Since it doesn't actually occur in the files, it doesn't match anything, so nothing is done. You can pass variables to sed using double quotes:

 sed -i -- "s#$OLDSTR#$NEWSTR#g" "$file"

but perhaps in general it is safer to turn the strong quoting on and off, and double quote the variables as you normally would

 sed -i -- 's#'"$OLDSTR"'#'"$NEWSTR"'#g' "$file"


Privacy settings icon not visible in gnome 3.8

You must add ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3 and ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging to get the privacy icons .
Same happened to me i only installed the first ppa and when i reread the article it said you need to install both.


For the network manager, click on the network icon. A popup will appear with the current network settings. You can then click on the settings icon on the right side of the popup (3/4 of the way to the top).


turn off the computer, then turn it back on and press F12 to bring up the boot menu.  That should permit your computer to boot to alternate media such as an ubuntu live CD or USB.  If it does not boot to that media, you should consider the possibility the media itself is bad or that the ubuntu boot image on that media is corrupt.

To be clear, CHROME has nothing to do with it.  At the time of the boot menu, chrome hasn't even been read yet.  The computer's boot state is in it's native form, unaware, so to speak, of the operating system on the hard drive.


Sound settings does not show settings for all my sound devices (Ubuntu 14.04, Unity)

As mention by Charles Green, installing/reinstalling pavucontrol solves it!

sudo apt-get remove pavucontrol
sudo apt-get install pavucontrol

After that, I immediately wasn't able to use Unity's sound settings, but after a reboot I was able to.

Thanks!


Can't open .odt files created on Google Drive

Currently, Google Drive cannot be accessed from a LibreOffice version running on a Gnu/Linux distro.
Setting up a connection can be done by saving a document to a remote server or opening a remote file for the first time.
 First open a document or create a new one.
 Click File.
 Click Open Remote File.
 Click Add Service in the Remote Files dialog.
 When the File Service dialog appears, make sure Google Drive is the selected choice in the Type drop-down menu.
 If it is not, click the arrow and choose it from the menu.
 Next, enter the email address of the Google account in the user field.
 For the Password field, enter your Google password.
 Put a check in the Remember Password check box, if you are going to continually use this account.
 If you want a different title for your account, then change what is in the label field.
 For your first account, you will be asked to establish a master password. Create one. Then retype it in the next field.

This is how you access your account after setting it up.
Click File.
Click Open Remote File.
You may need to enter the master password that you established while setting up the account.
Next, click the service drop-down menu and select the Google Drive account, if it is not already the selected account.
You may need to enter your Google password again, if you didn’t put a check in the Remember password check box during set up.

Saving a document to Google Drive
Click File.
Click Save to Remote Server.
You may need to enter the master password that you established while setting up the account.
You may need to enter your Google password again, if you didn’t put a check in the Remember password check box during set up.
Select the account from the Service drop-down menu.
Then give the document a name.
Choose the File format you wish.
Then click the Save button. If you selected a format other than an OpenDocument one, a dialog will appear asking you to confirm that choice or save the document as an OpenDocument.


I highly recommend you to use conky-manager.
Then you can just place all your scripts in ./conky and they will appear in your manager, you just tick enable, and it will appear on your screen.
http://www.teejeetech.in/p/conky-manager.html


How does Ubuntu (or Linux in general) decide over which network connection to use, when there are several connections present (e.g. LAN, WiFi, etc...)

I think it uses the last one that was connected...

And uses different routes (route / iptables) to decide where to send internet traffic.

In case you wanted to have 2 connections at the same time, but choose which one to use for internet traffic I know there are ways to choose between them. Luckily you didn't ask how because I don't remember at the moment... I think it's changing the default gateway to use one or the other, but a web search should find out for sure.


What is the intended way of creating desktop launchers?

[W]hat is the intended way to quickly launch common programs in Ubuntu with GNOME?

You use the overview:

To reach the overview, you can do any one of:

Press Super.
Press AltF1.
Move your mouse to the top-left corner.
Click on the Activities on the top corner.

From here, simply type (part of) the name of the program, or something in its description, and press enter when it is highlighted:

The list of icons on the left is customizable. If you want to add an icon to it, for commonly-used applications, you can go to the Applications overview and drag an icon to it:

Or right click an icon and Add to Favourites:

To get to the Applications overview, you can do any one of:

Click on the matrix of dots:

Press SuperA.

If you use an application often enough, it will get added to the Frequent section in the Applications overview.

So, the short answer is:

You don't use the desktop for launchers.

It might take some time getting used to this.

Check out:

A tour of GNOME Shell
GNOME Shell cheat sheet

The only times the desktop is faster to reach than the overview are when you login or switch to a new workspace (in both cases the desktop is displayed by default). You can have the overview shown on startup.


Folder access permissions - how do they work?

Folder permissions aren't the same as typical permissions. In a directory, permissions are as follows:

r: Can the directory's contents be listed (like with ls)?
w: Can the directory be modified (new files added, files deleted, renamed, etc)?
x: Can the directory be accessed by cd and the like?

The r permission does not require x be set on a folder (you can ls an r-- folder all you want), but you will not be able to see anything other than filenames:

ls: cannot access 'test/..': Permission denied
ls: cannot access 'test/.': Permission denied
ls: cannot access 'test/file': Permission denied
total 0
d????????? ? ? ? ?            ? ./
d????????? ? ? ? ?            ? ../
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? file

The w permission does require x to be set in all cases. You will not be able to alter a directory with only rw- access to it.

Meanwhile, the x permission is essentially the master permission. In order to see file metadata (like permissions), navigate to the file, or even work on files inside the folder that you have write access to, you will need the x permission.

See the Arch wiki for some good examples of directory permissions.

As usual, the root account is automatically granted every permission under the sun.


You're mounting sshfs from  root or using sudo, while ssh is called with your normal user.

So sshfs Host key is not in ~/.ssh/known_hosts, but /var/root/.ssh/known_hosts.

Remove line 4 of that file and it will work:

sudo sed -i '4d' /var/root/.ssh/known_hosts

Alternatively, run sshfs with your normal user without sudo.


The site mentions that the new release includes

  Big improvements to notifications, including a redesigned Message Tray, smarter notifications, and other tweaks and refinements.
  An enhanced Activities Overview with an improved layout.
  A greatly enhanced Files application, with functional file search, a new Recent location, redesigned interface and lots of bug fixes and
  handy new features.
  Integrated Input Sources, which makes inputting different character sets (eg. Japanese or Chinese) fast and easy.
  Accessibility on demand, meaning that universal access features like the Orca screen reader can be enabled with the push of a button.
  A new Lock Screen. This provides an attractive view when the device is locked, plus handy functionality like media controls and
  notifications.

Here is the video from webupd8, which covers the new features of GNOME 3.6

To install GNOME 3.6 you can download the ISO from here


This problem can usually be fixed by reinstalling GRUB2 to the Master Boot Record. Usually we direct people to use one of these methods, which involve having a usable live CD of Ubuntu or a similar GNU/Linux distribution.

That's what you'll have to do if none of your installed operating systems are bootable (though you can probably use your openSUSE CD/DVD or bootable USB flash drive for this, if you have one). However, if you are able to boot into openSUSE, then you should be able to reinstall GRUB2 to the Master Boot Record in openSUSE. To do that, I recommend using the chroot method to chroot from your openSUSE system into your Ubuntu system and reinstall its GRUB2.


How to find out how much disk space is remaining?

You can use two commands: df and du.

df - report file system disk space usage

Usage works like such:

df -h

Which should output something like this:

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vzfs              20G  3.5G   16G  18% /

The -h flag provides human readable output (which makes reading of the output - easier).

du - estimate file space usage

A second tool is with du which is a slower approach but will give you a better break down of a per directory. Information on that can be found in How to determine where the biggest files/directories on my system are stored?


problem to install ubuntu using flash drive

Did you create Live usb correctly? check out
http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows
to install the iso correctly in your USB.

also follow the following link on how to install a dual boot of windows and ubuntu:
http://www.liberiangeek.net/2012/04/dual-boot-windows-7-and-ubuntu-12-04-precise-pangolin/
(refer the tutorial from ubuntu's installation images)

Before directly plunging into your installation via the USB, i would first suggest you to boot from the USB in Live mode once, just to make sure that everything is intact and the download of the iso was perfect. Doing this would check the USB for errors(if any) and will either won't boot properly in live mode or will not boot at all. I suggest you run in Live mode first.

Regards,WinuxUser


I have Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS with samba and cups.

CUPS 1.5.3,
Samba version 3.6.3
printer HP p2015 connected via usb

output cupsd.conf

LogLevel warn
MaxLogSize 0
SystemGroup lpadmin
# Allow remote access
Port 631
Listen /var/run/cups/cups.sock
# Share local printers on the local network.
Browsing On
BrowseOrder allow,deny
BrowseRemoteProtocols
BrowseAddress @LOCAL
BrowseLocalProtocols CUPS dnssd
DefaultAuthType Basic
WebInterface Yes
<Location />
  # Allow shared printing and remote administration...
  Order allow,deny
  Allow all
</Location>
<Location /admin>
  # Allow remote administration...
  Order allow,deny
  Allow all
</Location>
<Location /admin/conf>
  AuthType Default
  Require user @SYSTEM
  # Allow remote access to the configuration files...
  Order allow,deny
  Allow all
</Location>
<Policy default>
  JobPrivateAccess default
  JobPrivateValues default
  SubscriptionPrivateAccess default
  SubscriptionPrivateValues default
  <Limit Create-Job Print-Job Print-URI Validate-Job>
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>
  <Limit Send-Document Send-URI Hold-Job Release-Job Restart-Job Purge-Jobs Set-Job-Attributes Create-Job-Subscription Renew-Subscription Cancel-Subscription Get-Notifications Reprocess-Job Cancel-Current-Job Suspend-Current-Job Resume-Job Cancel-My-Jobs Close-Job CUPS-Move-Job CUPS-Get-Document>
    Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>
  <Limit CUPS-Add-Modify-Printer CUPS-Delete-Printer CUPS-Add-Modify-Class CUPS-Delete-Class CUPS-Set-Default CUPS-Get-Devices>
    AuthType Default
    Require user @SYSTEM
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>
  <Limit Pause-Printer Resume-Printer Enable-Printer Disable-Printer Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job Hold-New-Jobs Release-Held-New-Jobs Deactivate-Printer Activate-Printer Restart-Printer Shutdown-Printer Startup-Printer Promote-Job Schedule-Job-After Cancel-Jobs CUPS-Accept-Jobs CUPS-Reject-Jobs>
    AuthType Default
    Require user @SYSTEM
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>
  <Limit CUPS-Authenticate-Job>
    Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>
  <Limit All>
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>
</Policy>
<Policy authenticated>
  JobPrivateAccess default
  JobPrivateValues default
  SubscriptionPrivateAccess default
  SubscriptionPrivateValues default
  <Limit Create-Job Print-Job Print-URI Validate-Job>
    AuthType Default
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>
  <Limit Send-Document Send-URI Hold-Job Release-Job Restart-Job Purge-Jobs Set-Job-Attributes Create-Job-Subscription Renew-Subscription Cancel-Subscription Get-Notifications Reprocess-Job Cancel-Current-Job Suspend-Current-Job Resume-Job Cancel-My-Jobs Close-Job CUPS-Move-Job CUPS-Get-Document>
    AuthType Default
    Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>
  <Limit CUPS-Add-Modify-Printer CUPS-Delete-Printer CUPS-Add-Modify-Class CUPS-Delete-Class CUPS-Set-Default>
    AuthType Default
    Require user @SYSTEM
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>
  <Limit Pause-Printer Resume-Printer Enable-Printer Disable-Printer Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job Hold-New-Jobs Release-Held-New-Jobs Deactivate-Printer Activate-Printer Restart-Printer Shutdown-Printer Startup-Printer Promote-Job Schedule-Job-After Cancel-Jobs CUPS-Accept-Jobs CUPS-Reject-Jobs>
    AuthType Default
    Require user @SYSTEM
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>
  <Limit Cancel-Job CUPS-Authenticate-Job>
    AuthType Default
    Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>
  <Limit All>
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>
</Policy>

output printers.conf

# Printer configuration file for CUPS v1.5.3
# Written by cupsd
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE WHEN CUPSD IS RUNNING
<Printer hp2015>
UUID urn:uuid:ed7610ac-bb70-3d48-6473-3e93a17153fc
Info hp2015
MakeModel HP LaserJet p2015 Series hpijs pcl3, 3.12.2
DeviceURI usb://HP/LaserJet%20P2015%20Series?serial=00CNBW6CW6XY
State Idle
StateTime 1392998150
Type 8425500
Accepting Yes
Shared Yes
JobSheets none none
QuotaPeriod 0
PageLimit 0
KLimit 0
OpPolicy default
ErrorPolicy retry-job
</Printer>

output smb.conf

#
# Sample configuration file for the Samba suite for Debian GNU/Linux.
#
#
# This is the main Samba configuration file. You should read the
# smb.conf(5) manual page in order to understand the options listed
# here. Samba has a huge number of configurable options most of which
# are not shown in this example
#
# Some options that are often worth tuning have been included as
# commented-out examples in this file.
#  - When such options are commented with ";", the proposed setting
#    differs from the default Samba behaviour
#  - When commented with "#", the proposed setting is the default
#    behaviour of Samba but the option is considered important
#    enough to be mentioned here
#
# NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command
# "testparm" to check that you have not made any basic syntactic
# errors.
# A well-established practice is to name the original file
# "smb.conf.master" and create the "real" config file with
# testparm -s smb.conf.master >smb.conf
# This minimizes the size of the really used smb.conf file
# which, according to the Samba Team, impacts performance
# However, use this with caution if your smb.conf file contains nested
# "include" statements. See Debian bug #483187 for a case
# where using a master file is not a good idea.
#

#======================= Global Settings =======================

[global]

## Browsing/Identification ###

# Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part of
   workgroup = WORKGROUP

# server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field
   server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)

# Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section:
# WINS Support - Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable its WINS Server
#   wins support = no

# WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client
# Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both
;   wins server = w.x.y.z

# This will prevent nmbd to search for NetBIOS names through DNS.
   dns proxy = no

# What naming service and in what order should we use to resolve host names
# to IP addresses
;   name resolve order = lmhosts host wins bcast

#### Networking ####

# The specific set of interfaces / networks to bind to
# This can be either the interface name or an IP address/netmask;
# interface names are normally preferred
;   interfaces = 127.0.0.0/8 eth0

# Only bind to the named interfaces and/or networks; you must use the
# 'interfaces' option above to use this.
# It is recommended that you enable this feature if your Samba machine is
# not protected by a firewall or is a firewall itself.  However, this
# option cannot handle dynamic or non-broadcast interfaces correctly.
;   bind interfaces only = yes

#### Debugging/Accounting ####

# This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine
# that connects
   log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m

# Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB).
   max log size = 1000

# If you want Samba to only log through syslog then set the following
# parameter to 'yes'.
#   syslog only = no

# We want Samba to log a minimum amount of information to syslog. Everything
# should go to /var/log/samba/log.{smbd,nmbd} instead. If you want to log
# through syslog you should set the following parameter to something higher.
   syslog = 0

# Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace
   panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d

####### Authentication #######

# "security = user" is always a good idea. This will require a Unix account
# in this server for every user accessing the server. See
# /usr/share/doc/samba-doc/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/ServerType.html
# in the samba-doc package for details.
#   security = user

# You may wish to use password encryption.  See the section on
# 'encrypt passwords' in the smb.conf(5) manpage before enabling.
   encrypt passwords = true

# If you are using encrypted passwords, Samba will need to know what
# password database type you are using.
   passdb backend = tdbsam

   obey pam restrictions = yes

# This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to sync the Unix
# password with the SMB password when the encrypted SMB password in the
# passdb is changed.
   unix password sync = yes

# For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system, the following
# parameters must be set (thanks to Ian Kahan <<kahan@informatik.tu-muenchen.de> for
# sending the correct chat script for the passwd program in Debian Sarge).
   passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
   passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .

# This boolean controls whether PAM will be used for password changes
# when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in
# 'passwd program'. The default is 'no'.
   pam password change = yes

# This option controls how unsuccessful authentication attempts are mapped
# to anonymous connections
   map to guest = bad user

########## Domains ###########

# Is this machine able to authenticate users. Both PDC and BDC
# must have this setting enabled. If you are the BDC you must
# change the 'domain master' setting to no
#
;   domain logons = yes
#
# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the location of the user's profile directory
# from the client point of view)
# The following required a [profiles] share to be setup on the
# samba server (see below)
;   logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U
# Another common choice is storing the profile in the user's home directory
# (this is Samba's default)
#   logon path = \\%N\%U\profile

# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the location of a user's home directory (from the client
# point of view)
;   logon drive = H:
#   logon home = \\%N\%U

# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the script to run during logon. The script must be stored
# in the [netlogon] share
# NOTE: Must be store in 'DOS' file format convention
;   logon script = logon.cmd

# This allows Unix users to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.  The example command creates a user account with a disabled Unix
# password; please adapt to your needs
; add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser --quiet --disabled-password --gecos "" %u

# This allows machine accounts to be created on the domain controller via the
# SAMR RPC pipe.
# The following assumes a "machines" group exists on the system
; add machine script  = /usr/sbin/useradd -g machines -c "%u machine account" -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u

# This allows Unix groups to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.
; add group script = /usr/sbin/addgroup --force-badname %g

########## Printing ##########

# If you want to automatically load your printer list rather
# than setting them up individually then you'll need this
#   load printers = yes

# lpr(ng) printing. You may wish to override the location of the
# printcap file
;   printing = bsd
;   printcap name = /etc/printcap

# CUPS printing.  See also the cupsaddsmb(8) manpage in the
# cupsys-client package.
;   printing = cups
;   printcap name = cups

############ Misc ############

# Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration
# on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name
# of the machine that is connecting
;   include = /home/samba/etc/smb.conf.%m

# Most people will find that this option gives better performance.
# See smb.conf(5) and /usr/share/doc/samba-doc/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/speed.html
# for details
# You may want to add the following on a Linux system:
#         SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192
#   socket options = TCP_NODELAY

# The following parameter is useful only if you have the linpopup package
# installed. The samba maintainer and the linpopup maintainer are
# working to ease installation and configuration of linpopup and samba.
;   message command = /bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/linpopup "%f" "%m" %s; rm %s' &

# Domain Master specifies Samba to be the Domain Master Browser. If this
# machine will be configured as a BDC (a secondary logon server), you
# must set this to 'no'; otherwise, the default behavior is recommended.
#   domain master = auto

# Some defaults for winbind (make sure you're not using the ranges
# for something else.)
;   idmap uid = 10000-20000
;   idmap gid = 10000-20000
;   template shell = /bin/bash

# The following was the default behaviour in sarge,
# but samba upstream reverted the default because it might induce
# performance issues in large organizations.
# See Debian bug #368251 for some of the consequences of *not*
# having this setting and smb.conf(5) for details.
;   winbind enum groups = yes
;   winbind enum users = yes

# Setup usershare options to enable non-root users to share folders
# with the net usershare command.

# Maximum number of usershare. 0 (default) means that usershare is disabled.
;   usershare max shares = 100

# Allow users who've been granted usershare privileges to create
# public shares, not just authenticated ones
   usershare allow guests = yes

#======================= Share Definitions =======================

# Un-comment the following (and tweak the other settings below to suit)
# to enable the default home directory shares. This will share each
# user's home director as \\server\username
;[homes]
;   comment = Home Directories
;   browseable = yes

# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change the
# next parameter to 'no' if you want to be able to write to them.
;   read only = yes

# File creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create files with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
;   create mask = 0700

# Directory creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create dirs. with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
;   directory mask = 0700

# By default, \\server\username shares can be connected to by anyone
# with access to the samba server. Un-comment the following parameter
# to make sure that only "username" can connect to \\server\username
# The following parameter makes sure that only "username" can connect
#
# This might need tweaking when using external authentication schemes
;   valid users = %S

# Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
;[netlogon]
;   comment = Network Logon Service
;   path = /home/samba/netlogon
;   guest ok = yes
;   read only = yes

# Un-comment the following and create the profiles directory to store
# users profiles (see the "logon path" option above)
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
# The path below should be writable by all users so that their
# profile directory may be created the first time they log on
;[profiles]
;   comment = Users profiles
;   path = /home/samba/profiles
;   guest ok = no
;   browseable = no
;   create mask = 0600
;   directory mask = 0700

[printers]
   comment = All Printers
   browseable = no
   path = /var/spool/samba
   printable = yes
   guest ok = no
   read only = yes
   create mask = 0700

# Windows clients look for this share name as a source of downloadable
# printer drivers
[print$]
   comment = Printer Drivers
   path = /var/lib/samba/printers
   browseable = yes
   read only = yes
   guest ok = no
# Uncomment to allow remote administration of Windows print drivers.
# You may need to replace 'lpadmin' with the name of the group your
# admin users are members of.
# Please note that you also need to set appropriate Unix permissions
# to the drivers directory for these users to have write rights in it
;   write list = root, @lpadmin

# A sample share for sharing your CD-ROM with others.
;[cdrom]
;   comment = Samba server's CD-ROM
;   read only = yes
;   locking = no
;   path = /cdrom
;   guest ok = yes

# The next two parameters show how to auto-mount a CD-ROM when the
#   cdrom share is accesed. For this to work /etc/fstab must contain
#   an entry like this:
#
#       /dev/scd0   /cdrom  iso9660 defaults,noauto,ro,user   0 0
#
# The CD-ROM gets unmounted automatically after the connection to the
#
# If you don't want to use auto-mounting/unmounting make sure the CD
#   is mounted on /cdrom
#
;   preexec = /bin/mount /cdrom
;   postexec = /bin/umount /cdrom

From my laptop with Linuxmint I print via cups.
We have one win server and I installed and print on the same printer via samba.


Can't get rid of "previous version of fglrx" and installing AMD's drivers fails

I do the installation a bit different. You could try this:

# Add the installer script it its own directory. For example amddriver
cd amddriver

# Create deb packages for precise (12.04) or quantal (12.10)
sudo sh ./amd-driver-installer-13.35.1005-x86.x86_64.run --buildpkg Ubuntu/precise

# Force overwrite the older packages with the new ones
sudo dpkg --force-overwrite -i *.deb

This works for me for removing:

sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx fglrx_* fglrx-amdcccle* fglrx-dev*


Window manager won't boot using Nvidia GPU on EEEPC1015PN with Ubuntu 12.10

This should have been a bugreport and not a question suitable for this site but well, here we are ;) Next time, use the integrated "report a bug" wizard in the gui. So we can make sure bug reports reach me.

This bug happened because the driver naming schema for the nvidia binary driver package changed from 'nvidia-current' to nvidia-< first 3 digits of driver version>. The scripts are updated now and work with the new schema, so update to the latest version (assuming you already added the ppa run sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade ) and run

sudo display-settings regenerate-glx


The package is called (man page) initramfs-tools (see wiki: wiki.ubuntu.com/Initramfs).

  initramfs-tools - an introduction to writing scripts for mkinitramfs

  initramfs-tools  has  one  main  script and two different sets of subscripts which will be
         used during different phases of execution. Each of  these  will  be  discussed  separately
         below  with the help of an imaginary tool which performs a frobnication of a lvm partition
         prior to mounting the root partition.

Configuration:

/etc/initramfs/initramfs.conf

Mind that ...

/etc/initramfs/conf.d/

can be used for configuration files and

/etc/initramfs/conf-hooks.d/

for adding hooks. To rebuild you can use ...

 update-initramfs -u


How do I give permission to a basic user to access read, execute contents of only one partition but not delete or ad files

First thing is first, Reading/Writing/Deleting from a filesystem on a partition are managed by a different set of permissions than mounting a filesystem on a partition. So you will need two fixes, at the minimum, to solve your problem.

Relevant to Both Fixes

inside of the file /etc/fstab there may or may not be a line starting with /dev/sda4. Alternatively there may or may not be a line starting with the UUID of that partition. You can find the UUID by running ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid and looking for the one that points to /dev/sda4.

If there isn't a line, then you'll need to make one. Either way, the general form of the line should be:

UUID=(hex chars) /mntdir        filesystem    options      0       0
#or
/dev/sda4        /mntdir        filesystem    options      0       0

The part of the line you want to focus on is the options section.

Fix #1, Relevant if your filesystem is FAT/NTFS

If your filesystem doesn't play nice with linux permissions, then you can use the umask option to control the type of access to the files. On NTFS-3G, umask=0022 sets the user file permissions to 0755 which is rwxr-xr-x. gid controls what group the default permissions apply to. So for example, you can make a group called ntfsusers and add all users to that group and then set umask=0002 See the Arch Wiki link for more.

#Example NTFS line:
/dev/sda4 /mntdir ntfs gid=users,umask=0002,user,rw,auto 0   0

Fix #2, Mounting the driver as a normal user

The user and nouser options control who can mount the filesytem.  When user is present any user can mount the drive. When nouser is present only root can mount the drive. user turns on a few other flags by default, see the link at the bottom of this post.

#Example NTFS line:
/dev/sda4 /mntdir ext3 defaults,user 0   0

Wikipedia on /etc/fstab: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fstab
Tuxfiles on /etc/fstab: http://www.tuxfiles.org/linuxhelp/fstab.html
Arch-Wiki on NTFS-3G options: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/NTFS-3G#Allowing_Group.2FUser


No additional drivers available; though they were available when I tried Ubuntu!

Oh! that was because I disabled/unchecked restricted repository which provides proprietary drivers. I just checked/enabled it again and after reloading packages, I can now see both drivers available:

This may be useful for others if they face similar issue otherwise I'm not sure whether question can be closed as off-topic (This describes a problem that can't be reproduced that seemingly went away on its own or was only relevant to a very specific period of time. It's off-topic as it's unlikely to help future readers.)


How to set limits on how much stuff each account can store?

Disk quotas must be established, and this YoLinux page illustrates the procedure, and this AskUbuntu page will also illustrate the concept.

A brief overview follows:

00) Decide if you want to assign storage limits individually or set by group.
0) If by group, create the group and assign users to it.
1) Edit file /etc/fstab  to add qualifier "usrquota" or "grpquota" to the partition
2) Set the name for the quota, with

  touch /partition/aquota.user

where the partition might be /home or some partition defined in /etc/fstab , then do (root should be the owner of the quota file) chmod 600 /partition/aquota.user

3) Re-mount the file partition with quotas, or reboot.

4) quotacheck -vgum /partition  to scan a file system for disk usages, and update the quota record file "quota.user/aquota.user" to the most recent status. It's good to make sure this runs every reboot as well as weekly-to-quarterly with cron.

5) quotaon -av (and I'd watch for the result at reboot time)

6) 'edquota -u user_id' - and if you get zeros, something's broken (use 'edquota -g group_name' for groups, instead)

7) quota -u user_id will list the quota for that user, quota -q shows users over the quota limit and you can get a quota summary report with  repquota -a


problem changing UUID UBUNTU SERVER 18.04

According to man pvchange you need to specify a physical device (for example /dev/sda3) in the pvchange-command, not a logical volume like /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv.

Synopsis

    pvchange [--addtag Tag] [-A|--autobackup {y|n}] [-d|--debug] [-f|--force]
    [--deltag Tag] [--metadataignore {y|n}] [-h|-?|--help] [-t|--test]
    [-v|--verbose] [-a|--all] [-x|--allocatable {y|n}] [-u|--uuid]
    [PhysicalVolumePath...]

-u, --uuid
    Generate new random UUID for specified physical volumes.

Example

    Disallows the allocation of physical extents on this physical volume (possibly
    because of disk errors, or because it will be removed after freeing it:

    pvchange -x n /dev/sdk1


Creating setup of project made in monodevelop in ubuntu

Setups don't work the same in Ubuntu as they do in Windows.

In Windows, the "installer" was a .msi file that contained needed programs as well as a setup executable that is run.

In Ubuntu, we use packages. The package file format used in Ubuntu the .deb file.

Take a peek at this to see how to create a .deb package to distribute to other Ubuntu users.


Clock on login screen in 24-hour format, desktop in 12-hour format? 18.04 Upgrade

I had the same problem and was able to cure it by adding the following lines to /etc/gdm3/greeter.dconf-defaults:

[org/gnome/desktop/interface]
clock-format='12h'


Edit your /etc/mysql/my.cnf and /etc/mysql/conf.d/mythtv.cnf files so that the bind address is your server address (the local network address) and not the loopback address (127.0.0.1).

Once you reboot it should connect.  If you're unsure what the password is, nano /etc/mythtv/mysql.txt -- the password is in there.


What is the risk on not updating Ubuntu after installing it from a CD?

In general I would advice to update and if you can not for whatever reason to try to keep up with at least the security updates. Those tend to fix flaws that might compromise your system.

The risk? For a personal system those seem negligible to me. The amount of problems reported where a Ubuntu desktop is compromised seems close to 0% compared to Windows.

You might run into a bug that was already solved in one of the updates at a time where it is inconvenient (bugs always appear when you least need to see them).
You might want to update at some point but due to kernel updates you need to reboot several times to get things updated.

You might get into trouble if someone decides to specifically target you and you have security holes (in flash, a browser or your kernel as examples).

  In short...

Better safe than sorry. Do try to update and always make backups of your personal files.


What would it happens if I update snappy core from a earlier version?

Just run:
snappy list -u. This will show you an asterisk next to the package name if a new update is available.

Then, you can just upgrade as you usually do and you should be fine (or let the autoupdate do its work).


The problem was with the pendrive. Not all pendrives can be used for creating bootable pen drives. Earlier I was using Toshiba 4 Gb pen drive. Later when I used SanDisk 16 Gb pen drive, the problem was solved. Refer to this link for more information: https://www.pendrivelinux.com/recommended-usb-flash-drives/


First try sudo nautilus -q. If this did not work, log off and log on.


Looking for PCIe tv-tuner card for OTA/ATSC and dual tuners that works with mythubuntu (16.04)

Any of the SiliconDust HDHomeRun networked tuners work with MythTV.

I run two such tuners. An older DUAL which allows two separate coax inputs, and a PRIME which allows cablecard use for encrypted/premium channels.


two finger scrolling won't work; ubuntu mate 15.04

Actually finger scrolling wasn't supported by vmware,
If you install Linux normally(Dual-boot), Then you don't even need a driver to scroll. Almost all Linux Distro's supports two finger scrolling.
So the problem is with Vmware, not with any Linux Distro.


Start Ubuntu 18.04 without graphics card

Ubuntu Server does not even install X. How did you end up with it?

I run Ubuntu Server on thousands of headless machines, none have a video card, and they all run fine. And none have X installed, of course.


Plasma-shell crashes when choosing activity for a file in dolphin

I experienced exactly the same bug. I didn't manage find a solution (even if still searching for it)..I can only suggest to use keyboard shortcuts in Dolphin whenever it's possible because it's a mouse-click related bug


According to a reply comment from a review about the ultralight laptop at amazon: http://www.amazon.com/review/R28HR668I6LU8Y/ref=cm_cd_pg_pg6?ie=UTF8&asin=B00NSHLUBU&cdForum=Fx32V5DBEJH4RUL&cdPage=6&cdThread=Tx1I5CUWGAIAGT5&store=pc#wasThisHelpful

The wifi issue can be fixed with a new driver by.....
You can get the zip from https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new [on the right side of the page about half way down is the download button ]. Now, extract the directory, cd to that directory, type "sudo make", "sudo make install" and reboot. The wifi now seems to be fine.

And for the mousepad right click problems.....
To solve the right-click problem I had to modify the settings for synaptics. I copied the file /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf to /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf. I then changed the line "MatchDriver "synaptics"" with "Option "ClickPad" "on"" and the line "Option "SoftButtonAreas" "50% 0 82% 0 0 0 0 0" with "Option "SoftButtonAreas" "50% 0 50% 0 0 0 0 0". After a reboot I could right-click again.


how do i control the fan speed in macbook pro 13" using ubuntu 12.04

Install macfanctld, fan control daemon for Apple MacBook.

sudo apt-get install macfanctld

That should solve your problem on Ubuntu 12.04 and higher.


syslog not showing log levels in messages

That is the default traditional format.

To output log levels in messages (technically known as priorities), you should change the default template used by rsyslog:

open with admin privileges the file /etc/rsyslog.conf and add the following lines

$template precise,"%syslogpriority%,%syslogfacility%,%timegenerated%,%HOSTNAME%,%syslogtag%,%msg%\n"
$ActionFileDefaultTemplate precise

after the line

$ActionFileDefaultTemplate RSYSLOG_TraditionalFileFormat

restart the daemon, with the command:

sudo service rsyslog restart

Now you should see lines like the following:

6,5,Nov 18 10:17:02,acer,rsyslogd:, [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="5.8.1" x-pid="7064" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] exiting on signal 15.

where the first two numbers (6 and 5) represent respectively the priority and the facility, where the priority is given by

7 - debug
6 - info
5 - notice
4 - warning, warn
3 - err, error
2 - crit,
1 - alert,
0 - emerg, panic

and the facilities can be seen in the syslog(3) man page.


You can open up a terminal and use

tail -f /path/to/log/file.txt

This will append output in real time.


What programs can I use to improve network performance?

For internet speed testing, you can try speedtest.net
However, that can be inaccurate. The best way to tell is get axel or another download accelerator and download a large file to /tmp and check the speed like that.

sudo apt-get install axel

axel 'http://www.ubuntu.com/start-download?distro=desktop&bits=32&release=latest' > -a -o /tmp

If the download is faster than normal browsing, the problem may be DNS lookup. Are you behind a proxy?


Unable to install openssh-server on ubuntu 16.04 in Docker

I had taken down my old docker container so I was setting up a new one to get the results and this time it installed without a hitch... considering this resolved. If it happens again I'll post more details.


(newbie home PC) fstab hdd lacks permissions, can't open or save files

Check who owns the folder and files in it with

ls -lah /home/plaguedoc/Media

It's likely owned by the user root and that's why your user doesn't have permissions. Add uid=1000 or uid=yourusername. This will change who owns the folder to you and you will be able to read and write to it.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutomaticallyMountPartitions

So something like this:

UUID=CA3E5AC13E5AA66B   /home/plaguedoc/Media   ntfs    rw,user,auto,fmask=0177,dmask=0077,uid=1000    0   1
UUID=18550E2F479E1462   /home/plaguedoc/Software    ntfs    rw,user,auto,fmask=0177,dmask=0077,uid=1000    0   1


"dpkg was interrupted error" when installing any application

The error message usually points to having interrupted a download in the past.

This should be resolved by the following:

sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade


This is currently blocked on bug 1575593. If you can add any insights to the bug, please add them. In any case it's a good idea to subscribe to it.


Could be misspelling in names?

From your output I see difference in names:

/usr/local/li b /li n python2.7.a

/usr/local/li n /li b python2.7.a:


Theory

SSH sessions can be started with – or without – the remote server allocating a pseudo-terminal (PTY) device.

Usually when you connect to a remote host via SSH (without specifying a command), you run your default login shell after authenticating correctly. When running this shell on a remote host, a pseudo-terminal is automatically allocated for the interactive shell. This allows the shell to write to the user’s screen so that it can do things such as display its prompt.

During the interactive session, the SSH_TTY environment variable is set to the device node of the remote PTY device, e.g., /dev/pts/10 and when the pseudo-terminal exits, ssh prints the following message:

Connection to <remotehost> closed.

For non-interactive SSH sessions, i.e., specifying a command to run on the remote host, no pseudo-terminal is allocated and the command output is sent to the stdout of the local terminal. This default behaviour works well when running commands that simply read input from stdin and print to stdout and/or stderr, e.g., ls, ps, etc. In this case the SSH_TTY environment variable is not set and I’ve also noticed that the TERM environment variable is set to dumb. When operating without a pseudo-terminal, the escape characters such as ~C are not supported; this makes it safe for programs to transfer binary files which may contain these sequences.

However, programs such as vim or top need to be able to redraw the screen using various terminal capabilities (typically using the ncurses library). For this, they require a terminal device – or a device which emulates a terminal. The ssh client features a -t option which forces the allocation of a pseudo-terminal. This -t option is described in the SSH man page:

  Force pseudo-tty allocation.  This can be used to execute arbitrary screen-based programs on a remote machine, which can be very useful, e.g. when implementing menu services.  Multiple -t options force tty allocation, even if ssh has no local tty.

Conclusion

So, adding the -t option to your SSH command is all you need to do to provide Vim with a terminal device that it can use:

ssh -t me@myserver vim


Found a solution. Was just a missing file. Do a

sudo cp /usr/share/applications/Thunar.desktop ~/.local/share/applications

and the Problem should be resolved.

But one problem remains: Thunar remains twice in the docky-panel.

sudo cp /usr/share/applications/xfce4-terminal.desktop ~/.local/share/applications

For the terminal.


Try Google Reader indicator
http://google-reader-indicator.en.uptodown.com/ubuntu
it is excelent app.


Kernel compilation of version 2.4 on a system running 3.2.0

The lowest Kernel version available for Ubuntu 12.04 is 3.2.0-23 as you can see at the Ubuntu Package webpage: http://packages.ubuntu.com/precise/kernel/.

So you can't install it in the 12.04 as it's not supported.


Dell XPS 15 9570: Dual Boot with Windows 10 x64 and Ubuntu18.04 amd64

Migrate to Dell xps15 9370 Bios update 1.3.1 recently -- helped with fans and has more than doubled time on battery battery ~9hrs & the Fans aren't going crazy now.

Ed. 9hrs on Intel GPU

following post install from https://github.com/JackHack96/dell-xps-9570-ubuntu-respin

in particular the grub line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet acpi_rev_override=1 acpi_osi=Linux scsi_mod.use_blk_mq=1 nouveau.modeset=0 nouveau.runpm=0 mem_sleep_default=deep"

Dell XPS15 9570, 1.3.1 System BIOS

https://www.dell.com/support/home/uk/en/ukbsdt1/drivers/driversdetails?driverId=82MK9

Intel Dynamic Platform and Thermal Framework

https://www.dell.com/support/home/uk/en/ukbsdt1/drivers/driversdetails?driverId=591DK


On the hard drive, you seem to want to organize the folders like /purpose/user, but on the Samba share it's the other way around (/user/purpose). Is there a reason why you want to do it that way? Because if it's no biggie to you, then I it would be a lot easier if you organized the folders on the hard drive the same as the Samba share. Also, do you want to restrict each user so that he or she can only access their own files, or is it okay if anyone on your network can read, write, delete, etc in anyone else's files? The answer to this question would affect whether you create a separate Samba share for each user versus having one Samba share for all.

If you have one Samba share for all, then just create a single mount point (i.e. /media/share) and when any user connects to the Samba share, they get all the child folders the same way they are organized on the Samba server. On the other hand, if you want separate access privileges, and hence one Samba share for each user, then still the only folders you would need to create on the hard drive are the separate mount points for each user (i.e. /media/Alice, /media/Bob, etc). Then, when each user connects to his or her Samba share and they automatically get the folder hierarchy described on the left in your picture.


The actual install of ubuntu-restricted-extras should be fine, try installing it first, for the add-ons, it looks like there is a bug in not listing them, they still should be available if you search for the names individually in synaptic package manager. For Adobe Flash plugin search for the name in parenthesis , flashplugin-installer , ect.


Open tab in existing connection of filezilla with command line

The short answer to your question is no.

Source:

https://linux.die.net/man/1/filezilla


No, you don't have to download drivers.  If your computer is working with 12.04 it will certainly work with a newer version.

Linux Kernel tends to aggregate drivers and provide native support for new hardware on every new version.  So you don't have to worry about.


if your not in the sudoers file you could use the rescue mode and put yourself back in.

IT should be as simple as going into rescue mode and using the root account to add your account to the sudoers file

Here is that info
How can I add a new user as sudoer using the command line?


After reading some manual, I managed to make it work.
For the example above:

rtmpdump -r "rtmp://cdn1.us.spicetvnetwork.zone:1935/live?c=5&u=66302&e=1420619579&t=56877e65b09a0d8a4b80ca4a22ba9307&d=xbmc&i=84307" -a "live?c=5&u=66302&e=1420619579&t=56877e65b09a0d8a4b80ca4a22ba9307&d=xbmc&i=84307" -f "LNX 11,2,202,425" -W "http://static.spicetvbox.com/flash/jwplayer.flash.swf" -p "http://www.spicetvbox.eu/live/tvr-1" -y "mp4:spicetv/ro/TVR1.stream" -o TVR1.stream.flv


Garbled display after Ubuntu upgrade to 2.6.32-2* kernel

and thanks.  The solution was actually a very simple update to the grub file, which I found in the release notes for 10.04.

  Working around bugs in the new kernel video architecture

  Ubuntu 10.04 LTS enables the new
  kernel-mode-setting (KMS) technology
  by default on most common video
  chipsets. While this is a major step
  forward for the graphics architecture
  in Ubuntu, in some rare cases KMS will
  prevent your video output from working
  correctly, or from working at all. If
  you need to disable KMS, you can do so
  by booting with the nomodeset option.
  You can also save this setting so that
  it's applied at every boot by adding
  it to your grub config

For GRUB 2: (The Default)

Edit /etc/default/grub and add
nomodeset to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX.

Then run sudo update-grub;

For GRUB 1:

edit /boot/grub/menu.lst and add nomodeset to the line beginning with # kopt=,

Then run sudo update-grub).

I'm not sure what KMS does, but it sure screwed up my display.  Adding the "nomodeset" boot command fixed everything!


It's probably because your webcam isn't configured completely as of now, i suggest that you follow this link, it has all the requisite details for testing your webcam and further configuration for it to work on Ubuntu.


Looks like I have found the problem. I had blacklisted before the cdc_acm driver which is necessary for the SP Flashtool to work. So I enabled the cdc_acm driver by deleting the entry in the
/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf.


I've had similar problems with both Synaptic and gufw on a Ubuntu 14.04 system on which I use the LXDE desktop (including its menu system).  It seems to have something to do with the switch to pkexec vs. gksudo - apps which require root access that launched a year ago from the menu, don't any more.

In my case I could launch gufw from the command line.  If you cannot, there may another problem.

A workaround for me was to edit the LXDE menu entry - formerly Exec=gufw and replace it with Exec=gksudo gufw.  This causes the menu entry to launch the app and prompt for your root password, as expected.

I do not know the xfce menu system but perhaps you could do a similar workaround.


In some laptops, by default you cannot go to restore menu. for this you need to find its option and enable it in bios setup


It looks like grub is identifying the Windows boot loader which is on /dev/sda1 as FreeDOS. Your actual Windows install is on /dev/sda3, and on /dev/sda1 you will have nothing but Windows' own boot loader. Why that would be detected as FreeDOS, I don't know, but that's what is apparently happening.

So, just boot into FreeDOS and you should boot into Windows. If you want to change the name, edit /boot/grub/grub/cfg, find a line that starts with menuentry and mentions FreeDOS, and change that line to read Windows. It should look something like this (not exactly like this, this is just an example the details will be different; only change the text inside the quotes):

menuentry "Windows 7 BIOS MBR" {
     insmod part_msdos
     insmod chain
     drivemap hd0 hd1
     chainloader (hd1,msdos2)+1
}


Any way to get VMware Fusion's Shared Folders working with 11.04/Natty guest?

Just managed it.

Some of the VMware Tools modules supplied with VMware Fusion 3.1.2 seem to have problems compiling under 11.04. I'm a programmer, but rather than trying to fix them (which could become a huge time-sink), I thought I'd try the open-vm-tools package, since that's available for 11.04 and should be essentially a precompiled version of the same thing.

It didn't work at first, but I found this page describing the proper way to install them -- you apparently have to install open-vm-dkms first (not sure why, I'd think it would auto-install as a dependency, but it didn't). After that, install open-vm-tools. Then in the VMware Fusion settings, turn OFF Shared Folders, then turn them back on.

After that, my shared folders appeared in /mnt/hgfs as normal. :-)


What's the best way to have a charm control Juju?

There are a few ways this is possible.

Installing and calling Juju binaries

The charms.reactive layer at https://github.com/galgalesh/juju-client does this. The basic process is to first bootstrap the environment, then deploy a charm passing in all the configuration, state and secrets files necessary to control the environment. The charm installs the juju client, rebuilds ~/.juju, and can now control the environment from the inside.

This layer is still experimental. If you encounter any issues, file a bug report in the github repo.

Using the Python Juju client

There is a Python client to manage Juju environments. This client calls the Juju api. You could put this in a Charm.

Using the Go API

You can find the go api here: https://godoc.org/github.com/juju/juju/api

Using Perl bindings

If you're into that sort of stuff: https://metacpan.org/release/Juju

Calling the api directly

For more information on that, see this question: Is there a Juju REST API?


Not sure if that page is old and community/UFW page is better.  one says:

  Deny Access

  Deny by specific IP

  sudo ufw deny from

  example:To block packets from 207.46.232.182:

sudo ufw deny from 207.46.232.182

  Deny by specific port and IP address

sudo ufw deny from <ip address> to <protocol> port <port number>

  example: deny ip address 192.168.0.1 access to port 22 for all
  protocols

sudo ufw deny from 192.168.0.1 to any port 22

Syntax for ufw is ...

sudo ufw [--dry-run] [delete] [insert NUM]  allow|deny|reject|limit
[in|out on INTERFACE] [log|log-all] [proto protocol]
[from ADDRESS [port PORT]][to ADDRESS [port PORT]]

From this I would believe you are missing a word before ADDRESS: "from" or "to". Since [port PORT] is inside [ from|to ADDRESS [port PORT]] you probably also are missing an ADDRESS.


lightdm is the X display manager for Ubuntu and killing the processes will effectively disable the graphical user interface of your system. If you do not need the graphical user interface then go ahead and kill the processes but it would be preferable to stop the lightdm service instead of killing the processes with:

sudo service lightdm stop

Additionally, if you want to restart lightdm and you are on a local machine you can do it by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F1 on your keyboard to access the TTY, login with your username and password and enter the command below or if you are remotely connected simply run the command through SSH.

sudo service lightdm start


Which version of Ubuntu are you using?
I've tested it in my Ubuntu 18.04 and able to install with below command.

$ sudo apt install ruby

try to do the following and see if it helps.

$ sudo snap install ruby –classic

Check this link below, which has alternate methods of installation in case of "apt & snap" are not working.

https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-install-ruby-on-ubuntu-18-04/


You have enabled GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET, but you haven't specified the timeout length of it (GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0is commented). This is why it is reverting back to 10 seconds.

Because GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET has it's own timeout length config line, you need to uncomment the line making the timeout for it equal to 0.

Having GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 and GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true, will hide the GRUB menu on boot, which I assume is what you were attempting by making GRUB_TIMEOUT equal to 0.


How to query for an existing 'xinput map-to-output' touchscreen mapping

xinput list-props {device_id} shows all device properties that can be changed and current values.
Check for a property named Coordinate Transformation Matrix that has a non-default set of 9 float numbers as a value. The map-to-output parameter calculates the CTM for you and sets that property.
Default:
Coordinate Transformation Matrix (157): 1.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 1.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 1.000000

After map-to-output example:
Coordinate Transformation Matrix (157): 0.533333, 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.878049, 0.121951, 0.000000, 0.000000, 1.000000


Trying to install software from user account but getting denied

For individual commands to run as super-user, use:

sudo -u your-admin-account sudo COMMAND [ARGS...]

(replace your-admin-account with the name of your admin account)
To start a shell as your-admin-account use:

su - your-admin-account

In this shell you can use sudo with your admin account's password. When you don't need the admin shell any more close it using exit or Ctrl+D.


Why did my fullscreen graphical performance decrease with Unity 3D?

A lot has changed since 11.04 and compiz is more integrated in to 11.10. Some of the options that where true to 11.04 are not an option anymore in 11.10.

If you really want to play games in linux my recommendation is an always will be, until nvidia/ATI release good stable drivers: run no effects desktop if you are playing games.

Just imagine the amount of milliseconds that you safe (and thus prevent that head shot cause you spotted the sniper on time) without having your computer calculate how pretty that 3d effect on those buttons might look like?

Short possible answer will be: Dont use 3d desktop for games, specially in 11.10, its so much heavy on graphics.


Solved by adding PrimeOS menu entry within grub-customizer using proper boot sequence syntax.
set root='(hd0,4)'
linux /android/kernel root=/dev/ram0 SERIAL=random logo.showlogo=1 androidboot.selinux=permissive quiet DATA= USB_DATA_PARTITION=1
initrd /android/initrd.img
Now grub updates properly and doesn't break my Widows10, Ubuntu, PrimeOS triple boot tablet PC setup ;


StackOverflow code segment font changed, possibly after changing System fonts

Try this site-specific rule:

@-moz-document domain(stackoverflow.com)
{ code { font-family: "Ubuntu Mono" !important; } }


As Seth mentioned, $RUN is defined previously in the script with the RUN="java ..." line. The line is executed, and standard output and standard error messages are both appended to the $OUTFILE which presumably is also defined in the script (or specified by commandline parameter).

2>>file

is bash code for redirecting the stderr stream. By default, stdout and stderr are both output to the tty (your bash prompt) where they are displayed, but you can redirect the output. By default, using >> file will only redirect the standard output (stuff that is printed using echo - this is the usual form of output for most programs. However, when programs wish to put out an error, this will go on the standard error output stream, which (by default) is printed to the terminal, and is NOT redirected using >>. To redirect the error stream as well (perhaps for error logging) you use 2>> file, which will append it to file. Interestingly, the same effect as in the script could be achieved by using &>> $OUTFILE, which is shorthand for "redirect both stdout and stderr".


How do I export both my private and public keys into one file?

You can restore a public key from the private key file with ssh-keygen.

ssh-keygen -y -f /path/to/private/key

Saving both keys in the same file is not neccessary and not supported. You could however simply use cat to combine them for archiving purposes or whatever you're planning.

cat id_rsa id_rsa.pub > combined

However this keyfile will not be readable by ssh in the way you may think it is. To restore these key files, you will have to split them up and save them in seperate files again.


Ext4 file system is recommended for all Linux operating systems because has  backwards compatibility with its predecessors, you can mount Ext2 and Ext3 as an Ext4 file system
Ext4

reduces file fragmentation
employs delayed allocation which helps with flash memory life as well as fragmentation.
Good choice for SSDs and HDD

BtrFS

it allows for drive pooling, on the fly snapshots
transparent compression
online defragmentation
it’s not stable in some distros

ReiserFS

Has great performance for small files such as logs and is suited for databases and email servers.
ReiserFS can be dynamically expanded but not shrunk and does not support FS level encryption.

XFS

Good for a media file server because of constant throughput for large files.
Most distributions require separate /boot partition because XFS and GRUB can be unpredictable
Performance with small files is not as good.

JFS

Good performance for both large and small files and because of its low CPU usage is probably best for low powered servers and computers
It does not have built in tools for drive pooling
It also has fast disk checking compared to Ext but there have been some reports of disk corruption after long term use.

ZFS

Shows great performance in large disk arrays.
Supports a lot of advanced features including drive pooling, snapshots, and dynamic disk striping.
It may be difficult to install in Linux because it requires FUSE and might not be supported by your distribution.

More info found Here
Pick the file system best for your setup.
GParted supports the following actions on file systems


Once again, Ubuntu server with 2 NICs, gateway issues

You can try to add route when interfaces go up

Example:

put script in /etc/network/if-up.d/

# Check for specific interface if desired
[ "$IFACE" != "eth1" ] || exit 0
# Adding additional routes on connection
route add default dev eth1 via xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
route add -net yyy.yyy.yyy.yyy/zz dev eth0
route add ...

This will probably route all traffice to eth1 except yyy.yyy.yyy.yyy/zz network.


Is there a way to show a list of minimized windows in Unity?

Super+w doesn't show minimized windows, but Alt+Tab does.


Was able to solve the problem by upgrading to the latest version of plasma using:

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports

  sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


Seeing the weather again in the "current time bar" on Ubuntu 11.04

There is an indicator-weather you can find it here
 http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2011/02/indicator-weather-puts-temperature-on-panel/


Ubuntu 16.04 FireWire suddenly disappeared

I'm fortunate enough to have another Ubuntu box, so I ordered an inexpensive PCI-E firewire card for it, which allowed me to test.  On the test box plugreport showed the set-top-box.  The card came with a full-size to mini-size firewire cable, which I connected to the other 1394 socket on my original machine, and voila, plugreport on that machine showed the set-top-box.  So it seems that either the mini-size socket on my original machine went bad, or the mini-to-mini cable went bad.  I have no idea how that can happen to things sitting there undisturbed, but there you have it.  So this is SOLVED.
UPDATE:  No it's not!  :-( the day after the above post, it revered to the original situation even using the new socket.  Once again plugreport shows no node 1.  I have no idea what is going on.


Ubuntu 17.04 - why is my swap file not being used?

From the System Monitor image you attached, the RAM usage is 89%.

You aren't using the entire RAM of your machine -  hence there is no need to use swap file on disk.

Also, it is clear that you have 7.6GB of swap file, 2MB of the file is in use (which is about 0.0001% of total swap file)


Possibility to use 2 or more Ubuntu PCs to share the same work

This is possible, technically, but setting it up is by no means a simple operation. To my knowledge there are a few applications available in the repositories for the purpose, but results may vary.

For best results, you should actually use an application that natively supports clustering, such as some network renderers and compilers. I don't know of any of these off hand, but I know that for example it is possible to do this with Blender and custom renderers.

On the issue of Desktop vs Server - it is easier with the server version, seeing as you have various cloud computing solutions, but if you think about it, you could add these to the Desktop version as well, so maybe your solution would involve using server components on the Desktop.

Unfortunately, seeing as I have not done this before myself, I cannot (currently) give you concrete instructions. However, these links: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Clustering and http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1030849 as Uri pointed out, should come in helpful.


If it's not possible to install grub at /dev/sda then install it on /dev/sdb.

The thing is, at least one of your hard drives should have a boot loader on its boot sector, then in your BIOS set that hard drive as your primary hard disk.

When you turn on your computer, BIOS looks for the first sector on your primary hard drive, if it was able to locate an specific Hex code on that sector, it means a boot loader lives on that and BIOS will run it.


I believe you should see the following line in dmesg:

[1933752.889994] Lockdown: bash: debugfs is restricted; see man kernel_lockdown.7

If this is the case debugfs is simply unavailable even for root user.

For reference:

when kernel_lockdown is enables, debugfs is unavailable. For instance, it is not possible to cat in /sys/kernel/debug


You're affected by this bug.

The best thing you can do is add yourself to the bug list so that you will be informed when the bug gets fixed.  In the mean time: it's just an annoyance...


What is the purpose of /usr/share/icons/gnome/scalable/mimetypes/?

The purpose of the x/y/mimetypes folder is to provide icons for the mimetypes (all files).

  Why are so few icons there?

In the particular case of that folder it's because most software supplies their own mimetype icons, and they usually put the icons in usr/share/icons/hicolor/mimetypes/[size] instead of the Gnome folders.

  Why do the sizes differ?

Why do some icon themes have so many different sizes?


You can just drag the window that you want to display "out" of the laptop's screen (just pull it out of the screen, to the right or left) and the window should move to the projector screen. You can confirm if this is indeed the behaviour by trying to move the mouse point out of the laptop screen and into the projector, by pushing the mouse pointer "out" of the laptop screen.

This behaviour is called "Extended" desktop, it allows you to use projector like a second, connected monitor. To have normal (duplicate of laptop screen in projector) mode, go to Settings > Display, select "Duplicate" where it says "Extend".


Remove anthy keyboard from text entry sources in Ubuntu 16.04

From a comment by @GunnarHjalmarsson, I was able to resolve the issue with the following steps:

Uninstall Anthy with sudo apt-get remove --auto-remove anthy.
Install the IBus-Anthy package again with sudo apt-get install ibus-anthy.
Relogin/Restart.
(If not already there, add IBus-Anthy in Text Entry, which was unnecessary for me.)
Remove IBus-Anthy in Text Entry.

Also coincidentally, my Japanese anthy keyboard started working correctly when I went to remove it, which just figures (I had installed Mozc because anthy wasn't working).


Linux and Windows on same computer. Access windows from ubuntu

If you have powerful hardware, consider using virtualization software such as VirtualBox to run Windows inside Linux, so that you can run Windows applications while you are inside Linux.


For my laptop, Asus TUF helped Asus fan control: https://github.com/dominiksalvet/asus-fan-control


Voice coming out of computer when browsing

Sounds like somebody has accidentally turned on Orca, a "screen reader" to help people with impaired vision.

Few people actually need it so I'd suggest removing it completely. Open a terminal and fire in:

sudo apt-get remove gnome-orca
killall orca

Or you can simply toggle it with Alt+Super+S


Ubuntu 18.04 - How to disable built-in webcam only (i.e. leave any other attached webcams enabled)

There is indeed a rather elegant solution. Instead of telling the driver to ignore the device, you tell the system to ignore the device.

As internal webcams are normally detected as a USB device, you can add an 'udev rule' that will disable the device at boot.

Example: In my case the internal webcam of my chromebook is listed as following with lsusb:

minimec@ace:~$ lsusb

Bus 002 Device 002: ID 1bcf:2c67 Sunplus Innovation Technology Inc

With this information we can now add an 'udev rule' to /etc/udev/rules.d

sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/40-disable-internal-webcam.rules

We add the following line and specify the idVendor and idProduct values using the values we got from the 'lsusb' command. As showed before my values are '1bcf:2c67'

ATTRS{idVendor}=="1bcf", ATTRS{idProduct}=="2c67", RUN="/bin/sh -c 'echo 0 >/sys/\$devpath/authorized'"

Save the the file with 'ctrl+x' 'y'. After a reboot your internal WebCam should be ignored by the system.


Install zabbix default tables on mysql with error 1046

You'll have to specify which database to create the tables on:

 zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql*/create.sql.gz | mysql -u zabbix -p zabbix

This assumes that the database name is zabbix, as listed in the tutorial.


Ubuntu Server 14.04 with Cups LPD/LPR support

I had the same issue and found an answer here

Essentially it required these steps on my Ubuntu 14.04 machine:

sudo apt-get install openbsd-inetd

Add a line to /etc/inetd.conf:

printer stream tcp nowait lp /usr/lib/cups/daemon/cups-lpd cups-lpd

Restart inetd with:

/etc/init.d/openbsd-inetd restart

I'm still trying to configure the lpd setup, but because you already had a usable configuration, this should at least get you past that point.


How to migrate and setup Ubuntu 14.04 installation to SSD?

Download the latest stable Clonezilla version (iso) :

http://sourceforge.net/projects/clonezilla/files/clonezilla_live_stable/

Create a bootable media (CD/USB) from the iso file.

Boot from this former created Clonezilla live media.

Create a backup from your HDD ubuntu partition(s).

Restore the backup to your SSD.

Boot from ubuntu install media.

Reinstall the GRUB bootloader.

You as well can clone and restore the whole disk (depending on your environment).

In case you do partition restore, do not forget to update /etc/fstab file afterwards.

SAMSUNG SSDs are well supported by ubuntu including automatic trim operations.

For further maintenance and servicing you can use SAMSUNG SSD Magician DC ->

http://www.samsung.com/global/business/semiconductor/minisite/SSD/global/html/support/server_downloads.html/

Disabling swap is not a good idea - for performance reason create a swap partition.

You can do that by using GParted which is already available in ubuntu install media.


You can add a Cmnd alias into sudoers file, edit it with visudo to prevent accidentally getting yourself locked out of the file. Then make a global alias for the command in the global bashrc.

Add to visudo:

Cmnd_Alias ADDUSER_PASS = /usr/sbin/adduser
user_name ALL=(ALL) ADDUSER_PASS

Add to /etc/bash.bashrc:

alias adduser="sudo /usr/sbin/adduser"

Replace the user_name with the user you want to have access and the command directory for whatever command you want them to use.


For Bash there is a shell option called extglob that is deactivated by default to keep compatibility with standard shell syntax. Extglob complements the syntax by additional operators like !(), ?(), @() and some more.

To switch extglob on, type shopt -s extglob. To keep it switched on for the current user type echo 'shopt -s extglob' >> ~/.bashrc.

For the rm example: With extglob you can use

rm -rf !(one|two|three)


Installation for PAM face authentication

First open a terminal, then proceed with the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:antonio.chiurazzi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pam-face-authentication

The commands above add the Ubuntu repository for pam-face-authentication to your package source list and then the plugin is actually installed.

Configuration

Now it's necessary to learn some face figures to the system. Therefore start the facetrainer app from your start menu and follow the indicated instructions.

For being able to login using face authentication, the module must be enabled first. So you have to execute the following in your terminal (at once):

cat << EOF | sudo tee /usr/share/pam-configs/face_authentication /dev/null
Name: face_authentication profile
Default: yes
Priority: 900
Auth-Type: Primary
Auth:
[success=end default=ignore] pam_face_authentication.so enableX
EOF

By this action, the file /usr/share/pam-configs/face_authentication is created and contains the plugin information.

With the next command you can enable or disable the plugin:

sudo pam-auth-update --package face_authentication

source


How come you can put a question mark in file names?

The reasoning behind the first statement is false. That is a restriction from the DOS era, well before PHP or even HTTP was born. See the Wikipedia entry:

  The long filename system allows a maximum length of 255 UCS-2 characters 3 4 including spaces and non-alphanumeric characters (excluding the following characters, which have special meaning within the COMMAND.COM command interpreter or the operating system kernel: \ / : * ? " < > |).

Thus it is more of a DOS restriction than a Linux/Unix permissiveness.


Free space in my laptop with Ubuntu 18.04 preinstalled

Open the terminal and run sudo parted -l to show all the partitions that Ubuntu can see. The results of sudo parted -l show a table that looks like this.

$ sudo parted -l
Model: ATA ST9500420AS (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 500GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos

Number  Start   End     Size    Type      File system     Flags
 1      32.3kB  41.1MB  41.1MB  primary   fat16           diag
 2      41.9MB  15.8GB  15.7GB  primary   ntfs            boot
 3      15.8GB  99.7GB  83.9GB  primary   ntfs
 4      99.7GB  500GB   400GB   extended                  lba
 5      99.7GB  102GB   2147MB  logical   fat32           lba
 7      102GB   176GB   73.8GB  logical   ext4
 6      176GB   492GB   316GB   logical   ext4
 8      492GB   500GB   8389MB  logical   linux-swap(v1)

The size of each partition is listed in the 4th column. The partition's size can give you a clue about what it is used for. One of the partitions may contain software that was bundled by Dell along with the XPS 13 laptop.

Your results of sudo parted -l are as follows:

Number   Start     End    Size  File system  Name                  Flags
 1      1049kB   786MB   786MB  fat32        EFI System Partition  boot, esp
 2       787MB  6156MB  5369MB  fat32        Basic Data Partition  msftres
 3      6156MB   512GB   506GB  ext4

The above results show that 5.4GB are used as a Basic Data Partition and 0.8GB are used as a EFI System Partition for the boot loader. This accounts for some of the missing space. The rest of the space that isn't free space is taken up by the Ubuntu installation, installed packages, and saved user files in the user's home directory.

The next thing to do is to see what's using 81GB of the 506GB in your ext4 Ubuntu partition graphically. For new installations of Ubuntu 18.04 a swap file is created by default instead of a swap partition. For your system that has 16GB RAM the size of the swap file is at least 4GB. If hibernation is enabled the size of the swap file could be 20GB-32GB.

Open the built-in Disk Usage Analyzer by clicking on its icon in the Dash and click on the ext4 partition. Then wait a few minutes for Disk Usage Analyzer to make a pie chart showing what is taking up the remainder of the used space on the 506GB ext4 partition.

(Click image to enlarge)


The following packages have unmet dependencies: libfcgi-bin

I managed to solve it by using the following command "sudo dpkg -P libfcgi0ldbl", then again for qgis-server sudo dpkg -P qgis-server .


Resolution problem Ubuntu 15.10 after 4.2.0-18 linux update

The first answer is right.
For example you know your monitor can display fullHD picture:

user@pc:~$ xrandr | grep " connected " | awk '{ print$1 }'
DVI-1
user@pc:~$ cvt 1920 1080
# 1920x1080 59.96 Hz (CVT 2.07M9) hsync: 67.16 kHz; pclk: 173.00 MHz
user@pc:~$ sudo xrandr --newmode "1920x1080_60.00"  173.00  1920 2048 2248 2576  1080 1083 1088 1120 -hsync +vsync
user@pc:~$ sudo xrandr --addmode DVI-1 "1920x1080_60.00"


What is the difference between --init-file and --rcfile?

They are synonymous.

From the shell.c file of bash-4.3 source:

long_args[] = {
....
  { "init-file", Charp, (int *)0x0, &bashrc_file },
....
  { "rcfile", Charp, (int *)0x0, &bashrc_file },
....
};

As you can see they are defined the same way and also works the same way.

The parameter bashrc_file stores the filename.

For further assurance, the CHANGES file in the source contains:

  Added a new '--init-file' invocation argument as a synonym for
  '--rcfile', per the new GNU coding standards.


How can I install Extra CMake Modules on Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty)

Edit (Brought to top)

git clone git://anongit.kde.org/extra-cmake-modules
cd extra-cmake-modules
mkdir build
cd build
cmake .. # or run : cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr .. &&
make
sudo make install

You can install the latest qt version as follows:

wget http://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/5.7/5.7.0/qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.7.0.run
chmod +x qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.7.0.run
./qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.7.0.run

Original answer

The extra-cmake-modules is available on Ubuntu 16.04 , 16.10 and 17.04 version.

  No summary available for extra-cmake-modules in ubuntu utopic.

You can install it on Ubuntu 14.04 but it is not recommended , it can break your System.

You can edit your /etc/apt/sources.list then add the following line:

deb http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main universe

Then update your system some dependencies will be upgraded

to install it run:

sudo apt install extra-cmake-modules


Ubuntu 12.10 Boots to a Black Screen - Intel HD Graphics

Chroot system from Ubuntu Live CD and in terminal type:

sudo mkdir /mnt/ubuntu
sudo fdisk -l
Find root partition (example: /dev/sda1).
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/ubuntu
sudo mount -t proc proc /mnt/ubuntu/proc
sudo mount -t sysfs sysfs /mnt/ubuntu/sys
sudo mount -o bind /dev /mnt/ubuntu/dev
sudo mount -o bind /dev/pts /mnt/ubuntu/dev/pts
sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/ubuntu/etc
sudo chroot /mnt/ubuntu

Add to GRUB2 configuration file nomodeset flag. How to do this is here.

If that does not help, I recommend switching to a more stable version of Ubuntu 12.04 LTS.


You might find the Notmuch mail indexer library.  It is designed so that it can be used as a backing store for some mail client, but can also be used as independent mail index.

It maintains a Xapian full text index of your mail, so search queries should be a lot more efficient than grep once you have all the messages imported.


Ubuntu full disk encryption with encrypted /boot

You made some mistakes, but the main problem is in ubiquity and grub. Basically, when you set / to be an encrypted partition and don't create a separate partition for /boot, grub gives an error message like:

  I know /boot is encrypted. You need to set GRUB_ENABLE_CRYPTODISK=y in /etc/default/grub. I won't do it for you, so I'm going to fail and your installation will stop.

An overview of the process

We use EFI mode.
We install to an unencrypted /boot partition and an encrypted btrfs / using the standard installer.
After the installer finishes, we chroot, make some important configuration changes, and re-install grub to the EFI System Partition and re-create initrd.

The detailed steps

Boot from Ubuntu 16.04 install disk (tested with Xubuntu).
Connect to the Internet and run sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade to update the installer components
Use fdisk, gparted, or another tool to create 3 partitions:

A GPT partition table
A 200MB partition that we will use for the EFI System Partition
A multi-gigabyte partition that we will eventually use as our encrypted swap partition, but which will function as our temporary unencrypted /boot
An encrypted partition that uses the rest of the space

Prepare the encrypted partition

sudo cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sda3
sudo cryptsetup luksOpen --allow-discards /dev/sda3 sda3_crypt
sudo mkfs.btrfs /dev/mapper/sda3_crypt

Install Ubuntu

Choose "Something else" when asked about installation type.
Configure /dev/sda1 as EFI System Partition
Configure /dev/sda2 as ext2, formatted, with mount point of /boot
Configure /dev/mapper/sda3_crypt as btrfs with mount point of /
Continue with the installation.
After it finishes, choose to stay in the live system (no reboot).

Copy the contents of /boot and do a chroot

sudo mount -o subvol=@ /dev/mapper/sda3_crypt /target
sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
# (Watch those trailing slashes! rsync is very sensitive to them.)
sudo rsync -aXAH /mnt/ /target/boot/
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /target/boot/efi
sudo mount --bind /dev /target/dev
sudo mount --bind /proc /target/proc
sudo mount --bind /sys /target/sys
sudo chroot /target

(Everything is now happening as chroot inside your new system.)
Add line to /etc/default/grub

GRUB_ENABLE_CRYPTODISK=y

Add line to /etc/crypttab. You will need to first run sudo blkid to find the UUID of /dev/sda3 (NOT /dev/mapper/sda3_crypt).

sda3_crypt UUID=<UUID of /dev/sda3> none luks,discard

Edit /etc/fstab and delete the line for /boot. The other entries are correct.
Install grub to the EFI System Partition, generate a new grub.cfg, and prepare initrd.

sudo grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory /boot/efi --bootloader=ubuntu --boot-directory=/boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu --recheck
sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/grub/grub.cfg
sudo update-initramfs -c -k all

Optional double-check: Double-check that /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/grub/grub.cfg contains lines that include insmod luks, cryptomount -u <UUID>, the correct boot entries, etc. And double-check that your initrd contains the cryptsetup binary. If these things are missing, it is because grub-mkconfig and/or update-initrd couldn't figure out how the volumes that you've mounted or specified in fstab relate to the encrypted volume in crypttab. (There's a lot of magic autoconfiguration that they do.) This may happen if you diverge from this guide by, for example, using ZFS or by trying to partition sda3_crypt.
(If using ZFS instead of btrfs) grub-mkconfig and update-initrd won't recognize ZFS. The workaround involves (during chroot, prior to grub-mkconfig/update-initrd) editing /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig to add || true to line 139 (which starts with GRUB_DEVICE=), adding GRUB_DEVICE="/dev/mapper/sda3_crypt" to /etc/default/grub, creating file /usr/share/initramfs-tools/conf-hooks.d/forcecryptsetup with contents export CRYPTSETUP=y and file /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/cryptroot with contents target=sda3_crypt,source=UUID=<UUID of sda3>,key=none,discard. All of this is in addition to steps that you would take if you were not encrypting the ZFS partiion (like installing zfs userspace utils in both the live system and during chroot and deleting the line that mounts / in fstab).
Exit chroot and reboot into your new system

exit
sudo umount /target/boot/efi
sudo umount /target/dev
sudo umount /target/proc
sudo umount /target/sys
sudo umount /target
sudo reboot

You should see grub asking for your password. Then you'll get the boot menu. After choosing Ubuntu you'll be asked for your password again. Then you'll be in your system. Read more about how Ubuntu uses BTRFS.
TODO: Create encrypted swap (hint: it involves editing crypttab, fstab, and re-running update-initrd).
TODO: Save your password so you only need to enter it once into grub. This is detailed here.

Upgrades

Every time you install a new kernel, you should run the custom grub-mkconfig command.
Every time you update grub, you should run the custom grub-installcommand.

Other notes

It's tempting to create a single encrypted volume and partition it to create the swap partition (and possibly others), but this does not work. Both grub-mkconfig and update-initrd will misbehave. However, I haven't tried LVM.
It may be tempting to use a swapfile on top of btrfs, but it's probably a bad idea because of performance.


is 4k graphics / video card output resolution possible on a Mac Pro cylinder (with ubuntu)

Theoretically, yes.

However, you will need to install the ATI graphics cards for this. Just use the "Proprietary Hardware" tool in the system settings panel. See this part of the Wiki for a bit more info.

When the drivers have installed and you have rebooted, set the resolution and enjoy!


Is there any Microsoft Office alternative?

There is Kingsoft's WPS Office. It's known for dealing very well with all the Microsoft Office formats. Unfortunately it can't handle ODF (LibreOffice) formats, so if you use LibreOffice you'll have to keep it.

You can download WPS Office from this link.

Select wps-office_10.1.0.5460~a20p1_i386.deb for Ubuntu 32-bit or wps-office_10.1.0.5460~a20p1_amd64.deb for 64-bit. After downloading, open the download location and double-click the .deb file. It will open in the Software Center, giving some details about the product and the option to install it.

Here's an image of WPS Writer running in Ubuntu.