SSH client not showing prompt after successful login

It may be your router/firewall. I came across this and a related launchpad bug


How do I adjust my window buttons to the left or right?

What about this command:

gconftool -s /apps/metacity/general/button_layout -t string menu:minimize,maximize,close


Installing Ubuntu 13.04 Desktop amd64 using bootable USB-stick failed

I finally resolved the problem like this (but couldn't get my internet working rightaway, hence the late answer):

I formatted my USB-Stick to FAT32, then used unetbootin to create a bootable USB-Stick.
My computer detected it, there appeared a list with several options (Try Ubuntu; Install Ubuntu now; etc.) but the automatic boot failed, with the same error appearing as before:

Invalid or corrupt kernel image

boot:

I did it another time and instead of allowing it to boot automatically, I selected "Install Ubuntu now". This worked out fine and there was no complaint about an invalid or corrupt kernel image. (I don't understand totally what the kernel image is, but a friend, who has Ubuntu himself, told me, as long as Ubuntu works now, the error-message from before doesn't matter.)

Thanks for all the help!


I've just solved the problem by getting into ".thunderbird" directory and simply deleting the files named as "thunderbird.png" and "firefox.png". There were 22x22 icons in the apps directory of ".thunderbird".

To do that, go to home directory and in there get inside the directory named as ".thunderbind". Inside the ".thunderbird" directory,

 find | grep "firefox"  for finding "firefox.png" and then:

 rm the_output_address_of_find_command

Repeat the same thing for "thunderbird.png" file.


Synaptics drivers are not loading on Kubuntu 14.10 on Toshiba Portege R30-A X3300

I upgraded my Kubuntu to 15.04 with
kernel 3.19
xserver-xorg-input-synaptics 1.8

This solved the touchpad problem and I had no further trouble in higher versions (after 14.10). The touchpad worked well in 15.04, 15.10, 16.04, 16.10, 17.04.


Why is there no /proc/sys/kernel/softlockup_thresh

With new(er) kernel, you tune /proc/sys/kernel/watchdog_thresh instead.
(Older kernels use /proc/sys/kernel/softlockup_thresh, I think).

I add the following line to end of /etc/sysctl.conf to have it applied at boot:

kernel.watchdog_thresh=nn

where nn is a number 0 or higher.


How to disable WiFi and Ethernet at login?

You coud add a @reboot cron task to run a script that will set all the interfaces down:

sudo crontab -e
add this line:

@reboot /path/to/script

The script:

#!/bin/bash

for interface in `ip link | awk 'FNR%2 == 1 {print substr($2, 1, length($2)-1)}'`; do
    ip link set $interface down
done


youtube-dl code returning 0 after running code

Actually your call
os.system(f'youtube-dl "ytsearch:hi there" --get-id')

prints the ID of the video, because that's what your shell command print on stdout; and it return the error code of the command, which is 0 here as the command is sucessfull. And thus your songid store that error code, not the ID.
Beside I think you don't use youtube_dl as you intended, because you import the youtube_dl python binding with import youtube_dl but you never used it. Instead you call the youtube-dl shell command directly. I think it will be easier to use the python binding and shouldn't need to use os.system.


Registration of chrooted environment on Landscape not working with Virtual license

Ubuntu ESM is a commercial product offered by Canonical, for help using it, please file a support request with Canonical.

FYI, Canonical does not support landscape running in a chroot. Only a system container, VM or physical system.


Flash player + YouTube HD = crashing plugin

Login and enable the HTML5 player here http://www.youtube.com/html5.
Haven't got a Youtube account? Put &html5=True behind the video URL.


Solution was easy:
This will remove proprietary driver and install Open Source one.

sudo sh /usr/share/ati/fglrx-uninstall.sh
sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx fglrx_* fglrx-amdcccle* fglrx-dev*

Remove your xorg.conf file

sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Re-install xorg

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:amd64 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 xserver-xorg-core

Configure xorg

sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg

Reboot:

sudo reboot

Now you can install proprietary driver again.
Cheers!


Problem with install drivers to r9 290 on ubuntu 16.04 gnome

This is what worked for me:

Log out
Press CTRL+ALT+F6 to get a terminal login
Logged in
apt-get source cogl
Log out by typing logout
Press CTRL+ALT+F7 to return to the graphical login screeen
Login again

Hope this helps


I will always be safer to install directly from those who developed the software in question.

That being said, I guarantee almost everybody that install Oracle's JDK and JRE uses this repository you mentioned. Became almost like an official repository for Oracle's JDK/JRE.

Pros:

easier to install;
easier to maintain;
easier to update;

Cons:

it isn't official (but almost like one);

I tend to go with downloading stuff, compiling and installing myself. That way I can keep good track of things the way I like and modify them. This is somewhat what I like to call, in this day and age, the 'lack of gears' somewhere between my brain cells..


For Finding PPA:

Visit Launchpad Personal Package Archives for Ubuntu
Visit ubuntu updates
and search with "Package Search" then find appropriate package
according to your version of Ubuntu.
For Browsing all PPAs, visit : PPA
List

For getting Information about PPA and use, visit:

What are PPAs and how do I use them?
Repositories/Ubuntu

From community PPA:

  Security

  PPAs have not undergone the same process of validation as regular
  ubuntu packages. End users install PPAs at their own risk. Although
  each key is cryptographically signed, in order to confirm an uploader,
  keys are not matched to specific individuals, except via their
  "launchpad" accounts.

  Subsequently, installing a PPA should be considered to be a
  low-security alternative as compared to the main repository, but
  marginally higher security than simply installing software at random
  from the internet. As part of adding a PPA, you trust the developer to
  not only install packages, but also to allow them to provide ongoing
  updates.

Following also may help you:

Are PPAs safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?
Is there any guarantee that software from Launchpad PPAs is free from viruses and backdoor threats?


Find your correct driver here:

http://welcome.solutions.brother.com/bsc/public_s/id/linux/en/download_prn.html

and follow instructions here:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=590793


Why are deb packages redownloaded while installing deb packages locally

Your answer can be found here. You may need to adapt the the provided details to your very situation, especially if you are not using a GUI.


My wireless card was not up to date, it was unsupported. I replaced the card and everything works fine. If anyone else has a similar problem, I recommend updating your drivers manually. Thanks to all the people who helped me! :D


Ubuntu 16.04, Docker and zero space on volume "Filesystem root"

It turns out that:

Docker stores its images and containers at /var/lib/docker/
To contain a Meteor app requires 3 images of 907 MB apiece

$ docker images -a
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
<none>              <none>              33b3559a88ad        2 minutes ago       907MB
<none>              <none>              f2136da9e497        2 minutes ago       907MB
node                12.6                7c412a558705        12 months ago       907MB

That (along with my other experiments) quickly filled my 19 GB partition.
To solve the issue, I followed the advice here, to create a symbolic link from /var/lib/docker/ to a folder on the wider plains of my /home partition. And my / partition thanks me for it:
$ df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev            3,8G     0  3,8G   0% /dev
tmpfs           783M  9,7M  773M   2% /run
/dev/nvme0n1p5   19G   15G  3,3G  82% /
...

I also used docker rmi $(docker images -a -q) and docker image prune to remove the huge files that I created while experimenting, which were no longer needed.


The correct syntax of chown command is:

sudo chown user:group file

so you have to use it like:

sudo chown -R Vince:  evelauncher.sh

Pay attention to the space, by leaving the group section it will be automatically set to your primary group.


How do I see the history of the commands I have run in tmux?

You have to preserve bash history in multiple bash shells. To do this, be sure that you have the following lines in your ~/.bashrc file:

# avoid duplicates..
export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups:erasedups

# append history entries..
shopt -s histappend

# After each command, save and reload history
export PROMPT_COMMAND="history -a; history -c; history -r; $PROMPT_COMMAND"

Source: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/1288/preserve-bash-history-in-multiple-terminal-windows


Extract multiple 7z files with auto rename

From the p7zip manual:

  -ao (Overwrite mode) switch

  Specifies the overwrite mode during extraction, to overwrite files
  already present on disk.

  Syntax

-ao[a | s | t | u ]

  Switch    Description

  -aoa    Overwrite All existing files without prompt.
  -aos    Skip extracting of existing files.
  -aou    aUto rename extracting file (for example, name.txt will be renamed to name_1.txt).
  -aot    auto rename existing file (for example, name.txt will be renamed to name_1.txt).

  Examples

7z x test.zip -aoa

  extracts all files from test.zip archive and overwrites existing files without any prompt.

  Commands that can be used with this switch

  e (Extract),
  x (Extract with full paths)

  See also

  Switches: -y (assume Yes on all
  queries)

Looks like either the -aou or the -aot switch on the 7z command will do what you want, e. g.:

find all -exec 7z x -aou [OPTIONS...] {} \;


I finally found the right solution that @jandurek pointed out here.

sudo rmmod psmouse
sudo insmod /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/input/mouse/psmouse.ko

I added this to a startup script to enable two-finger scrolling right after ubuntu starts.


What's the most convenient way to share Steam apps between different users?

Steam supports using multiple game library folders by default, you could just create a folder which all users can read/write to then add this folder as a library for both users. Both users will have to maintain a separate copy of the Steam client and update it, the library includes the games themselves only.
(source)

You could create a main folder in a read/write location and have a symlink at ~/.local/share/Steam to this folder, which should work hypothetically, but I haven't tried that. This will all users use the exact same Steam files.

You can also have a look at bindfs, note that it is not nearly the "most convenient way"


Ok I found the solution. The forticlient does not create the routes needed for the tunnel to work as expected. In a terminal type:

sudo route add -net [office lan IP] netmask 255.255.254.0 dev ppp0

eg:

sudo route add -net 192.168.38.0 netmask 255.255.254.0 dev ppp0

where 192.168.38.0/23 is my office LAN range. My office PC is on 192.168.38.83. Then when using remmina app I used my office PC IP-Address and got my remote desktop working. My Win7 office PC looks like win XP but at least I can work.

The only problem is that I have to enter this command EACH time I reconnect to the vpn through forticlient.

I added this command in a script in /etc/ppp/ip-up.d but that didn't work.


Why do "df" and "du" commands show different disk usage?

You most probably know that you can remove a file that still in use by some application and for this application it remains available. It because file descriptor in /proc/ filesystem is held open.

So if there are such open descriptors to files already removed, space occupied by them considered as used by df (and df is right), but they can not be taken into account by du due to there are no longer filenames associated with them.

You can find all unlinked but held open files with:

# lsof | grep '(deleted)'


PL/SQL Developer is flickering and shows an error

I can fix flickering issue by unchecking winecfg -> Graphics -> Allow the window manager to control the windows. But the second problem still exists. After opening the program, I do a little bit of action and get out an error.

Below is a text from plsqldev.log file:

Version       : 7.5.1.0
Date          : Sat, 3 Feb 2018 22:54:17 +0400
OS            : Wine (64 bit)
RAD           : BDS 16.0
Dump          : $4C $8B $01 $C0 $E8 $04 $4D $85 $DB $0F $B6 $D0 $0F $B6 $C0 $4D $89 $44 $C2 $78 $74 $08 $49 $89 $8C $D3 $80 $00 $00 $00 $49 $83
Section       : CreateThreadHook
Descr         :

Address       : $000000007BC932AD - [000000007BC20000] ntdll.dll - ntdll -  -  (possible RtlVirtualUnwind+909) - 0[909]
Module        : ntdll.dll
Exception     : EAccessViolation
Message       : Access violation at address 000000007BC932AD in module 'ntdll.dll'. Invalid access of address 006F006D006D006F
Call Stack    : 00 $000000007BC932AD - [000000007BC20000] ntdll.dll - ntdll -  -  (possible RtlVirtualUnwind+909)
                01 $000000000067F0BB - [0000000000400000] plsqldev.exe - ECallStack - TEurekaBaseStackList - Build - 2154[155]
                02 $000000000091F988 - [0000000000400000] plsqldev.exe - ExceptionLog7 -  - GetCallStackDump - 468[184]
                03 $000000000092096D - [0000000000400000] plsqldev.exe - ExceptionLog7 -  - FullInternalErrorReport - 693[2829]
                04 $00000000005B9D15 - [0000000000400000] plsqldev.exe - EBase -  - InternalErrorSet - 1586[805]
                05 $000000000066E9AC - [0000000000400000] plsqldev.exe - EThreadsManager -  - CreateThreadHook - 1478[540]
                06 $00007FAEB8A9447F - [00007FAEB8A80000] winmm.dll - winmm -  -  (possible mmioRenameW+5567)

LastAddr      : $000000007BC932AD - [000000007BC20000] ntdll.dll - ntdll -  -  (possible RtlVirtualUnwind+909) - 0[909]
LastModule    : ntdll.dll
LastException : EAccessViolation
LastMessage   : Access violation at address 000000007BC932AD in module 'ntdll.dll'. Invalid access of address 006F006D006D006F.
Call Stack    : CallStack = nil

ActiveObj     : ()
ActiveAddr    :

Bug report file is located here:
C:\Program Files (x86)\PLSQL Developer 12\plsqldev.log

Learn more about internal errors (for developers):
http://www.eurekalog.com/help/eurekalog/internal_errors.php

Please help to fix the second problem.


Weird Ghettoblow Slapahoe Ubuntu Apt Signing Key

Oh oops. I misunderstood the meaning of the keyserver output. It means good ol
Ghettoblow Slapahoe has signed the ftpmaster@ubuntu.com key, not the other way around. Can all rest assured it is legit now G.Slapahoe has signed it ...

Curious there isn't more spam signings like this (maybe they are purged?).


Only run CRON job if connected to specific wifi network

I'd suggest running a cronjob script unconditionally (ie, regardless of whether or not you're connected to wifi). The script itself would then check for the wifi network, and exit if you're not connected to the right one.

To check which network you're connected to, I'd suggest using nmcli. It will output something like:

[jk@pororo ~]$ nmcli dev wifi list
SSID                              BSSID       MODE             FREQ       RATE       SIGNAL   SECURITY   ACTIVE
'other-network'                   <bssid-1>   Infrastructure   2412 MHz   54 MB/s    32       WPA WPA2   no
'some-other-network'              <bssid-2>   Infrastructure   2412 MHz   54 MB/s    25       WEP        no
'my-network'                      <bssid-3>   Infrastructure   2462 MHz   54 MB/s    99       WPA2       yes

To script this, I'd suggest something like:

# extract the essid from nmcli output
essid=$(nmcli dev wifi list | sed -n "s/^'\([^']*\)'.*yes\s*$/\1/p")

# check for my-network, exit otherwise
[ "$essid" == "my-network" ] || exit

# now we know we're connected to my-network


Zeitgeist is a German word meaning approximately: "the spirit of the times" reference

In the context of Ubuntu, it is a software package that remembers your activities to try and assist in narrowing down what you want to do without having to tell the computer as explicitly.

It is no more associated with the movie "Zeitgeist" than Hollywood is associated with the production of boards made from holly bushes.

Merged in from a comment (thx @izx): Something you might want to read


Linux mint (ubuntu based)

Linux mint is an easy to use desktop. The layout of the menu's and such look the same as on a windows desktop, which makes transition from a windows machine easier (I assumed Granny used to have a windows machine)


Which desktop environment does Zorin OS use and how to get for Ubuntu?

Zorin OS use Gnome 3 Desktop Environment with customized themes. To install Gnome 3 use the following command:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install gnome-shell ubuntu-gnome-desktop

Then you need to get the themes from Zorin OS and apply to your Gnome installation. Since Zorin OS uses Ubuntu as base for it's packages it's simplier to install Zorin than to apply the themes to Ubuntu.

To install ZorinOS themes open Terminal (Press Ctrl+Alt+T) and type the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/themes
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install zorinos-themes

To install ZorinOS icons open Terminal (Press Ctrl+Alt+T) type the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/icons2
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install zorinos-icons


Elsewhere, I've seen that AppArmor or SELinux can cause problems for clamdscan.

If you run sudo aa-complain clamd and the re-scan works, that's probably your issue. (Be sure to re-enable it with sudo aa-enforce clamd.)

To temporarily disable SELinux, which I haven't run on Ubuntu, you can try
echo 0 > /selinux/enforce .    We can follow up with that if you're running SELinux.

update: Here's a very interesting thread from launchpad: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/clamav/+bug/450250 .
I would follow Jamie Strandboge's comments there to eliminate AppArmor profiles as the culprit.

If these aren't applicable the hack that springs to mind is piping a directory to standard output via tar, and feeding that into clamdscan (which is a variation on what you've mentioned for a single file).  I think that would look something like :

 tar -cvf --to-stdout /somedirectory | clamdscan -

You should be able to get the most recent packaged version of clamav from the Ubuntu Clamav team from their ppa : https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-clamav/+archive/ppa

Also, from the ClamAV site:  "If you are going to submit a bug report, always check it against the latest development code ."  (Assuming you haven't already done this) You'll have to pull that code manually from their Git repository and compile it.

For bug reporting on the Ubuntu packages, please see  http://askubuntu.com...how-do-i-report-a-bug  .

=======

One thing to note, is that as far as I can tell, it is clamscan and not clamdscan which is supposed to just work unproblematically in your home directory.

Ubuntu presents some possible complication (with the very desirable security increase) by having apparmor turned on by default.

(clamdscan requires the clamav daemon to be running -- clamscan, more of an ad-hoc user-oriented package, does not.  With the additional features of clamdscan/clamd, there is added complexity overhead.)

Yet, against that, the bug for clamdscan and apparmor mentioned in the bug from this post should have been corrected by the time of the current package.

Updated
attempts to reproduce and resolve

I don't think I can completely reproduce your environment or control for user error (definitely mine and possibly yours), however I've reproduced what I think is the same issue under the same version of clamav you have.

Additionally, I've downloaded the latest code from the git repository, compiled and installed it, and still have the issue.

I don't have SELinux, but I do have AppArmor.   Have I correctly accounted for that?  I'm not 100%.    I still get the permission denied errors after turning off AppArmor though.

=======


How to make  grep display only the matching regexp?

With GNU grep, that's the -o option possibly combined with -h to suppress the filename.


Error while installating pip for Python3

I had the same problem and found an answer here: Broken APT on WSL 18.04

Just like in the link I would delete the apt hook first to get apt up and running again:

sudo rm -rf /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20snapd.conf

Seems like Snapcraft is the problem here because it is depending on python. I tried to update pip python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip and this seemed to mess everything up and I couldn't install any python packages anymore. So I deleted python3 and then the error occured.

Note to self: Do use apt when upgrading pip. (At least on ubuntu or simillar distros)


How do I make a Juju Charm's revision match the Bazaar revision of its repo?

The bzr-keywords plugin should be able to do this for you:

http://wiki.bazaar.canonical.com/KeywordExpansion


Videos Play with twice the normal speed, no sound

It seems to be a common problem people encounter from time to time (Possibly due to the driver/device being used but also seems to be related to pulseaudio).

Apparently, people have suggested that the following should resolve it:

Completely restart the machine.
Go to the sound options (System > Preferences > Sound) and play with the options and see what results you get.

There is a nice discussion about this in the Ubuntu forums here


Reinstall Ubuntu with encrypted home directory?

I have previously done this on Ubuntu and Mandriva.

This will work and you will be able to mount your existing /home partition even if it is encrypted as long as you know the passphrase.

Thing to keep in mind is to set up the mount points correctly and don't accidentally format your /home partition.


Bluetooth device has to be re-added every time I reboot

This appears to be mostly fixed in 18.04, kernel version 4.15.0-32. It may have been fixed before that but definitely here. If my machine has been suspended and I bring it back up and my headphones are already on, I have to manually turn the Bluetooth connection on (Bluetooth Settings > Select Device > Toggle "Connection" switch to "On"), but otherwise it works just as expected.


Problem with nstalling Steam on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Bionic Beaver

If you haven't customized your Ubuntu installation, you should install Steam by downloading a .deb package provided by Valve here.
Select Open File. Ubuntu Software will launch. Click on Install, enter your password if you are prompted to, and you're done here. Steam should be installed.


Yes, there is a gui. If installed, you can start it with

gnome-system-monitor

If not installed, you can either search in the Software Center for System monitor or type in the terminal:

sudo apt-get install gnome-system-monitor

Hope this helps.

Or, to make it a bit easier, just open the dash and type System Monitor.


How can I transfer files to a Kindle Fire with a Micro-USB cable?

The Kindle Fire is reported to connect properly out of the box by several users. Just plug it in and look for a "Kindle Fire" icon to appear in your launcher sidebar. If not, try the technical solution below:

The approach I would take would be to mount the Kindle and then you can cp files over in the terminal or likely even the file browser. I'd start with dmesg as you've done and note which device node the Kindle is put on. Look for lines in dmesg like;

[149600.320060] usb 1-6: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 13

or similar and you should see a line like this as well;

[149602.666223] sd 4:0:0:1: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk

If you look at the last line above, you'll see 'sdb' in brakets, that is the device node that the new USB device is attached too. You can confirm this with

sudo ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/

You should see something like this;

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  9 Jan  7 20:01 usb-Generic-_SD_MMC_058F63646476-0:0 -> ../../sdb

Of coruse you'll see something different because I doubt the Kindle will identify itself as a generic SD MMC device.

You can mount that device as root with this command;

sudo mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb/ /mnt/kindle/

(that assumes you've created a directory called "kindle" under /mnt)

You should be able to see the Kindle in your file manager now. And you can also use the terminal and cd to /mnt/kindle which should show you a mounted Kindle file system.

Note that I haven't actually tried this since I don't have a Kindle and I'm only guessing at the actual file system which you supply to the -t flag for mount, but I'd bet its ext3.


RecordMyDesktop doesn't work. Suggestions for a screen recorders for my game console?

I often use RecordMyDesktop without any problem, open a terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T, enter recordmydesktop, press Enter and your screen recording will be started. Just go back to the terminal and press Ctrl+C to stop recording, then wait for the file to be created.

"Doesn't work" is not a valid error message, what's your real problem?


Given that keyboard events do not have a point in space, so do not have a target window, there is no window to focus and raise (the current window is already focused and raised).

If not used for a global key binding, the key event is sent to the currently active/focused window.

For the latter, apt-cache policy lxde-core.


Add AD Domain user to sudoers from the command line

I encounter this problem and here's my solution:

Edit /etc/sudoers: with the following entries

First check aduser using command id

#id <AD user>( #id domain\\aduser01 )

Results on mine:

SMB\aduser01@linux01:~/Desktop$ id smb\\aduser02
uid=914883676(SMB\aduser02) gid=914883073(SMB\domain^users) groups=914883073(SMB\domain^users),1544(BUILTIN\Administrators),1545(BUILTIN\Users),914883072(SMB\domain^admins)

getent passwd and gid NUMBERS doesn't work for me. DOMAIN\\domain^users works for me

%SMB\\domain^users ALL=(ALL) ALL

as we all know individual AD user works also

SMB\\<aduser01> ALL=(ALL) ALL


I have found a way to work it out..
you have to link the Logic application to /usr/bin inorder to call from the terminal. My app folder was in /opt/logic1.2..

sudo ln -s /opt/logic1.2.18/Logic /usr/bin/logic

after this you should be able to run logic from command line

my logic.desktop shortcut file is as follows

  [Desktop Entry]
  Version=1.0
  Type=Application
  Name=Saleae Logic Software
  Icon=/opt/logic1.2.18/logic.png
  Exec=/opt/logic1.2.18/Logic
  Terminal=false
  StartupWMClass=Logic
  X-UnityGenerated=true

use some kind of jpeg image for the icon..


If you've manually installed Oracle Java it doesn't show up in the Dash (as far as I know).

Open a terminal
Execute the following command:

/usr/bin/jdk1.8.0_05/bin/ControlPanel

Replace /usr/bin/jdk1.8.0_05 by the path of your Java installation.


Bluetooth not working, Ubuntu 16.04 on Lenovo Ideapad 100 15-IBY

This specific device is not known to Linux kernel yet. But it is not a big problem. I can add it there.

You need to create a bug report by running

ubuntu-bug linux

in terminal.

Follow directions to create the report and post the output of

usb-devices | awk '/13d3/' RS=

to the bug description in addition to an explanation of the bug.

When you create the report, post a link to it here.

I will build a test module that should enable bluetooth for you. If it works well, I will send a patch to kernel maintainers and post a workaround here.


What is the default dhcp server package on a standard Ubuntu install?

There is no such thing as default dhcp server. NICs use broadcasts to find DHCP servers. In fact that's the whole point of DHCP, to get an IP at an unknown network.

The way DHCP works is, first your NIC sends a DHCP DISCOVER packet as a broadcast. Broadcast means packets destination IP 255.255.255.255 and destination MAC FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF. Which means that every device on your LAN receives the packet, but everyone will ignore it except your DHCP server, which will reply with a DHCP OFFER packet, then you request offered IP with DHCP REQUEST, and finally the DHCP server confirms it with DHCP ACK.

You can see it with sudo dhclien -v eth0 #or whichever your interface is


goes to installing dropbox when using - sudo dpkg --configure -a

Usually this happens if your install crashed in the middle of something and you need to finish, or if your trying to run apt twice on the same machine.

First make sure that apt is not running anywhere else on the computer. If it's not then run sudo dpkg --configure -a and let it finish installing what ever it wants. After it's done then you can go back and remove what you don't want.

For your question, it sounds like you installed dropbox (or tried to) at some point in the past, and it failed or was interrupted. Now when you run  sudo dpkg --configure -a your telling it to configure everything not configured (i.e. finish what you started). You need to let it finish before you can move on.


Can you try with :

start-stop-daemon --start --startas /etc/init.d/network-manager --name NetworkManager


Display Driver Issue on an hp TX2-1160ea Notebook

I had similar problems with my video card ATI/AMD Radeon HD6470M. Look through this source and follow an instruction how to install proprietary driver Catalyst/fglrx
Hope it will help to solve an issue


Installed software doesn't appear in Ubuntu Budgie

To start Skype from the terminal run the following command:

snap run skype


LibreOffice Impress: what is the little orange asterisk icon in the slides list?

As cited from here,

  the small orange asterisk you are seeing means that there is an object with an active animation on the current slide.

Hope this helps!


How do I get the users to be listed in gnome 3 gdm?

I think you should install accountsservice :

sudo apt-get install accountsservice

It solved the problem for me :-)


But the thing is, there are loads of PPAs. How do I choose a
  trustworthy one?

I'd go with https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-ruby (no 1.9.2 though)

However, this guy seems trustworthy enough (being that he at least documented the ppa in a blog post). It seems there's a "catch" where you have to link the /usr/bin/ruby yourself using update-alternatives:

http://www.humbug.in/2010/launchpad-ppa-for-ruby-1-9-2-and-some-ruby-bindings/
http://www.humbug.in/2010/ppa-updates-for-ruby-1-9-1-and-ruby-1-9-2-handling-ruby-versions-using-the-update-alternatives-system/

  I'd prefer if sudo apt-get update would deal with it for me.I'd prefer
  if sudo apt-get update would deal with it for me.

Usually someone is behind that apt-get update, doing all sorts of tests before releasing it. You can't expect someone to always do the work for you. You could learn how to create an ubuntu/debian package and join the ruby packaging team: https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-ruby (..or even create your own team!).

On the other hand, you can always send a message to the team and request ruby 1.9.2.

Finally there's always good-old-not-recommended checkinstall if you compile ruby. checkinstall will create the .deb package for you (use it instead of "make install").

  I've read that RVM is a good way to go.

That's what I've been reading so far. I would suggest using rvm, you seem an experienced user.
As far as I can see, using rvm you can upgrade to the latest stable version quite easily: https://rvm.io/rvm/upgrading/

  To upgrade to the most stable version:

rvm get stable

  To upgrade to the most recent release version:

rvm get latest

Lastly, it seems that rvm is installed in user directory ~/.rvm/ - unless you use sudo (which will probably install it in /usr/local/rvm): https://rvm.io/rvm/basics/

You can remove it. Uninstall rvm also seems easy: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3950260/howto-uninstall-rvm

rvm implode
rm -rf ~/.rvm

Hope this helps. :)


shutdown - h *time* doesnt work with the laptop lid closed?

Go to power management settings and modified as settings as "Do Nothing" when laptop lid closed.

Then it will works


Ubuntu login screen wallpaper missing 14.04

Try this command (notice that set has been changed to get ):

$ gsettings get com.canonical.unity-greeter background

My output:

$ gsettings get com.canonical.unity-greeter background
'/usr/share/backgrounds/warty-final-ubuntu.png'

So I guess the default wallpaper can be set using:

gsettings set com.canonical.unity-greeter background '/usr/share/backgrounds/warty-final-ubuntu.png'


Custom thumbnailers don’t work on Ubuntu 18.10 and 18.04

I'm using 18.04, but after 2018.11.28 update I had same issue. It is caused by sandboxing thumbnailers with bubblewrap (it cost me 2 days of research!!!).

So I downgraded gnome-desktop3-data, gir1.2-gnomedesktop-3.0, libgnome-desktop-3-17 (not sure if all 3 needed) and then removed bubblewrap.

It's a dirty hack and it weakens the security, but I don't care...

Maybe it will be not so easy on 18.10.

I hope somebody can write better solution...


'linux-generic-hwe-18.04' not found after upgrade to 18.04

No specific hwe or lts linux-image is yet required for 18.04 (so it doesn't exists). Ensure first that linux-image-generic image is installed:

 apt install linux-image-generic

Then remove old hwe or lts linux images, in my case I did:

apt purge linux-image-generic-lts-xenial

Then the hwe-support-status command returns a clean empty response.


How to make VNC Server work with ubuntu-desktop without xfce

install these packages

# apt-get install gnome-panel gnome-settings-daemon metacity nautilus gnome-terminal

and use this xstartup file

#!/bin/sh

export XKL_XMODMAP_DISABLE=1
unset SESSION_MANAGER
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS

[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup
[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
vncconfig -iconic &

gnome-panel &
gnome-settings-daemon &
metacity &
nautilus &
gnome-terminal &


Changing console font on Ubuntu 10.04 Server

sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-setup

Click through a bunch of questions in there, and one of the last ones
will be about the console font size.
 per this post here: https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-server/2010-June/004262.html


How to use static IP with Wicd wireless?

It is possible to set up a static wireless IP in Wicd, but it must be done for each network individually.

If you already know how to find your IP address, subnet mask, and gateway, open up the Wicd GUI (if you don't have it, install wicd-gtk), go to your selected wireless network, and open the Preferences menu (if you don't know how to find these items I'll explain later).

Check the "Use static IPs" and enter your information here. You can also manually specify your DNS domain and servers.

About network info: You can find your IP and subnet mask with

ifconfig

and your gateway with

route -n


I assume you are trying to install Ubuntu on Windows. In that case, you may not even need a USB stick. Download the ISO file and don't do anything with it. Make sure it has the exact same file name. Then, download Wubi and run the downloaded file. Follow all instructions and reboot when requested. Every time you start your computer, you will be asked to choose between Ubuntu and Windows®.

You can also download Unetbootin and run that, pointing it to the ISO file you downloaded.


problem compile and installing kaffeine manually

Recently kaffeine 1.2.2-3, in the Ubuntu repositories, has become "flaky". The kaffeine window goes black when you click off focus and it looses window size when changing channels.

This is usually something to do with dependency issues. Making my own version usually fixes at least some of those issues. I have had the same problems compiling some versions of the kaffeine source. Anyway, just retried the github download with the path to Qt4 defined on the cmake - and at last, it compiles.

git clone git://anongit.kde.org/kaffeine

I found the following fixed that error on my system, as it is to do with qt5 and qt4 library defaults changed. You have to specify Qt4 now.

cd kaffeine
mkdir build
cd build
cmake .. -DQT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/qmake-qt4

That built and worked, but still found the sound dropped occasionally, so still some issues.


This is probably not the answer you want to hear, but: buy a faster disk.  A SSD, if you can afford it (but do some research first; cheap SSDs used to be slower than HDDs).

Failing that, getting more RAM so it can be used for the disk cache may be an option.  Especially if you have a laptop and use suspend instead of shutting down.  It won't help for the initial startup, but launching applications you've recently closed will be faster.  This assumes that your current speed problems are caused by lack of RAM; if you've got enough, it won't help at all.


In this example, debbase is the provided username. Replace it with your username. This would be the one you entered when you installed and set up Ubuntu.

You can also find your username by entering a shell and typing:

whoami

What that command does is adds the user debbase to the group wireshark


Package 'libmono2.0-cil' has no installation candidate

You can just use the new packages recommended by Ubuntu's package manager. I was able to get an unturned server working by simply following the suggestions the package manager produced. When you try to install the libmono2.0-cil package (as directed by the unturned setup instructions), Ubuntu will display this message:

Package libmono2.0-cil is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source
However the following packages replace it:
  mono-reference-assemblies-2.0 mono-devel libmono-cil-dev

I just followed the suggestion and installed the recommended packages. Do a sudo apt-get install mono-reference-assemblies-2.0 mono-devel libmono-cil-dev.


Minimal installation with apt-get and Xfce/LXDE?

Have you looked at Puppy Linux ?
Precise Puppy is ~150Mb in size and you can use apt-get to install packages.
(it is based on the Ubuntu Precise repositories)

Otherwise there's tons of choice nowadays. Look for the ones that are Debian / Ubuntu / Knoppix based, you should be able to use apt-get with them.

As for the size, keep in mind distros like Damn Small Linux and Puppy can get so small only by stripping away as much functionality as they can, focusing on the bare minimum to run the system instead. These are the distros you'll find using using busybox and uClibc to save every byte they can. Feature rich environments like Gnome, KDE and even XFCE in this context push in the exact opposite direction, so you typically won't find them on a mini distribution.


I rebooted and went into recovery mode by selecting Advanced Options for Ubuntu in the GRUB menu and choosing the (Recovery) version of the newest kernel.

In recovery mode, I chose the option to repair packages and this solved my problems.


The default installation of windows 10 requires a minimum of 4 partitions:

sda1 (Recovery)
sda2 (Boot/efi)
sda3 (MSR)
sda4 (Windows OS, usually "C")

If the "boot/efi" partition or the "MSR" partition has been damaged or deleted during the ubuntu install you might not be able to see windows in grub. Try the following command in ubuntu to see all the available partition:

sudo lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT,LABEL

It should give you an idea of what happened to your system. From the screenshot you've provided it seems that all the partition are there. You might try to repair windows with the installation CD/USB.

You can try to instal Grub customizer and see if windows is available in the list:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

To launch: "Applications > System Tools > Grub Customizer" then you can change which system are available to boot.

Here's a screen of what a correct installation looks like:

Hope this helps!

itSp4x


You need to add UUID of your swap partition to /etc/fstab file.

Run sudo -H gedit /etc/fstab and add or replace the line regarding swap like this

UUID=xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxx none swap sw 0 0

You can see the UUID of your swap partition in gparted if you click properties.


Try renaming the file extension to .tar (which is a common *nix archive format). You can also identify the format of the file using the console command "file":

file skldmcver126.tar_1


DVDs won't play on Dell Latitude D830 with Ubuntu 14.04

This was a problem two years ago apparently the Dell d830 dvd drive doesn't play nicely with Ubuntu and in the thread they recommend purchasing an external DVD drive. You might have to bite the bullet and buy a new machine. I notice yours only comes with 60, 80, 100, 120 or 160GB hard disk drives and 512MB to 4 GB RAM with a Intel Core 2 Duo processor. It's only worth a hundred bucks. If you want an external DVD player (hooked up to one of your 3 USB ports) you can find one for $17.80


i used this method to install this plugin and it worked perfectly :

download the latest version of the plugin fron here http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1879
create the folder "~/.vim" with the command "mkdir ~/.vim".
extract the contained of your downloaded file (the first step) (you will have a new folder called "vim-autocomplpop" when you finish the extraction)
copy all the contained of the folder "vim-autocomplpop" into the folder "~/.vim" with the command "cp -r /path/to/vim-autocomplpop/* ~/.vim/".
add the lines of this website in your ".vimrc" file http://fr.openclassrooms.com/forum/sujet/vim-autocompletion-avec-tab
open vim now and you'll see that it works like magic.


Distro upgrade interrupted, cant upgrade to Precise

Do you still have access to your data in some way.  If so it is urgent that you back up anything you are missing as you have a system that may be unrescueable.  You mow have only one option and that is to use a DVD or a usb.  You are probably going to have to get someone else to get one for you.  If it is possible to boot into your system in any way shape or form, it may well crash without warning, so be very careful of anything you try to do.


How to type in Hindi using Libre Office Writer

Use google input tools online and then paste it in the libre office or try following links -

How do I enable writing in Indian languages?
https://ask.libreoffice.org/en/question/16687/how-to-type-in-hindi/?answer=19400#post-id-19400


Warning: this will completely wipe your hard drives

Boot from the Ubuntu Installer/Live CD, and choose "Try Ubuntu..."
At the Live Desktop, press Ctrl-Alt-T to open a terminal.
In the terminal, type: sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=1M count=8 && sync
And then type:  sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=1M count=8 && sync
Shut-down the LiveCD.
Insert the Server CD and start installation.

  Note: *If your computer is very old and uses IDE cables for the hard drives (wide connector), you may have to use hda instead of sda


You can setup the resolution of each monitor separately. Problem is, what I see from the screenshot (jásej jásej... zdravím) you want to use an data-projector as second monitor. Projectors usually has lower resolution than your display. Therefore you have to decrease resolution of your primary display or to buy a new projector with higher resolution ability.

Not every time projectors are correctly detected and then display offers just a basic resolutions, regardless the projector offers more resolutions or not. Try to play with display resolution settings.

try to follow this questions: Resolution and screens not detected properly , Monitor not detected - low resolution only

Additionally, you can prepare some scripts which can switch your resolutions flexible there and back. Employ xrandr to setup proper modes. For example following command will put my external display right of the main notebook display

xrandr --output VGA-0 --auto --right-of LVDS-0

this script will run cloning of the notebook display on VGA

xrandr --output VGA-0 --same-as LVDS-0

and this will switch my VGA off:

xrandr --output VGA-0 --off

You should use output names specific to your system. You can add specific resolutions to each output into the command. Good answers how to do that are here: How can I make xrandr customization permanent?

Edit: Now I understand your problem better. I found something about similar problem here http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2006533 , but without clear solution. So you are not the only one. Seems like for cloning displays, the external monitor forces wrong resolution to your notebook display. It would be necessary to know more about your system:

What is your graphics card?
Did you install specific drivers as Catalyst for Nvidia?
what is the result of xrandr command when second display is connected and cloning and what is the result when second display is not connected?
is there any /etc/X11/xorg.conf file (or on the paths listed here: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/man5/xorg.conf.5.html ) and if yes, what is the content?

Edit2: the xrandr result should be OK, I see your LVDS as primary display and VGA-0 (should be) shifted 1280 pixels ríght and 200 pixels up, means lower corner if both monitors should be the same. There should be no reason why the part of second (VGA) monitor is displayed on your notebook display. Possible is the driver bug, but it is not clear if you have Ubuntu 13.04 as you wrote in the question or 13.10 as you wrote in a comment bellow. Please correct.


How to connect (FTP) to remote server via my Ubuntu VPS

I was finally able to find an answer to my question here: https://calomel.org/firefox_ssh_proxy.html. The tutorial if for firefox but it works well for FTP trafic too.

First you need to create SOCKS 5:

ssh -C2qTnN -D 2121 user@yourvpsip

2121 - this is selected port number. You can probably use any port but for forts between 0 and 1023 you need to use sudo (source)

user@yourvpsip - this is obvious - your username on your VPS server followed by your VPS ip (e.g. user@123.123.123.123)

Next (and last) step is to set up your FTP client to use PROXY

Proxy type: SOCKS 5
Proxy host: 127.0.0.1 (this is localhost IP)
Proxy port: 2121 (or replace with port you selected in first step)

On FileZilla you can find this settings in: Edit > Preferences > Connection > Generic proxy.

After you finish using it you might want to change the settings back because this only works when the SOCKS 5 is started from terminal.

If you have any additional questions please ask.


To me this looks more a Windows issue than an Ubuntu one: I suspect the Windows client is trying to connect with the wrong password (or no password at all) to the \server01\homes share.

IIRC, right after login, Windows will try connecting to authenticated shares using the same username/password combination that was used for logging in; if the username/password combination used on Windows does not match what the SAMBA server running on Ubuntu expects, the share will not be mounted because of an authentication error.  (I think this is what SourceLab was hinting to in his comment.)


Steam needs to be reinstalled after upgrade

Hello fellow Steamer! I too had this same issue. You need to reinstall steam after the upgrade. Don't worry, you won't need to download your games again.

sudo apt purge steam
sudo apt purge steam-*
sudo apt autoremove && sudo apt autoclean
sudo apt install steam-installer steam-devices

Now try running steam from command line. If it still doesn't work, please post error message to your question.


Lock the mouse cursor to one screen in Linux / Ubuntu

You can do something like at this link:

find the name of monitor with xrandr for example "LVDS1".
find the name of your input device with xinput for example "HUION H420 Mouse"
and at the end lock the input to the screan with xinput map-to-output "HUION H420 Mouse" "LVDS1"


"sudo apt-get update" Malformed entry error

Considering that the distribution you are using is the Ubuntu 16.04 Xenal Xerus codename.
 You need to replace

  deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu partner

with

  deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner

Ubuntu Sources List Generator can help you get the source of updates according to your needs.


Splash screen is loading really slow (details below)

You have two encrypted swap locations defined, but only 1 physical swap partition. We'll comment out the extra swap. We'll make backups so that if things don't work as planned, we can always recover easily.

Edit /etc/fstab...

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak # backup fstab
gksudo gedit /etc/fstab # edit fstab

Change this line:

/dev/mapper/cryptswap1 none swap sw 0 0

To this:

#/dev/mapper/cryptswap1 none swap sw 0 0

Edit /etc/crypttab...

sudo cp /etc/crypttab /etc/crypttab.bak # backup crypttab
gksudo gedit /etc/crypttab # edit crypttab

Change this line:

cryptswap1 UUID=211081f4-558e-41f4-9b94-337b10845122 /dev/urandom swap,offset=1024,cipher=aes-xts-plain64

To this (I'm not 100% sure that crypttab will accept a #, and if not, we should just remove this line):

 #cryptswap1 UUID=211081f4-558e-41f4-9b94-337b10845122 /dev/urandom swap,offset=1024,cipher=aes-xts-plain64

Reboot the computer.


What are some Ubuntu projects to contribute?

You may want to take a look at OpenHatch.

  OpenHatch is a non-profit organization with the goals of lowering the barriers to entry into the open source community and increasing diversity.

While not directly affiliated with Ubuntu or Canonical, OpenHatch has project listing of a number of upstream projects (Django, LibreOffice, Rhythmbox, for example) in a variety of languages and difficulty that have the potential to improve Ubuntu.

For the beginning developers, the site also has a number of basic tutorials 'missions' aimed at getting the budding developer familiar with using dev tools such at git, diff, and patch.

A quick search on 'Ubuntu' shows a number of projects available that directly relate to Ubuntu such as writing test cases or working on a bug in Evince.

Disclaimer: I've had the OpenHatch site linked in my user profile for some time, but I am no way affiliated with them other then being a member on their site. Hope this helps in getting you pointed in the right direction.


Mediatek MT7630e WiFi chipset unstable conection

There are a few things that I suggest that you try. First, let’s turn off power saving in Network Manager; from the terminal:

sudo sed -i 's/wifi.powersave = 3/wifi.powersave = 2/' /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf

Next, let’s try a driver parameter; again, from the terminal:

echo "options mt7630e nohwcrypt=Y" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/mt7630e.conf

Now, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Check yours:

sudo iw reg get

If you get 00, that is a one-size-maybe-fits-all setting. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Then set it temporarily:

sudo iw reg set IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Set it permanently:

sudo nano /etc/default/crda

Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

If your router is capable of N speeds, you may have better connectivity with a channel width of 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band instead of automatic 20/40 MHz, although it is likely to affect N speeds. I also have better luck with a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.

Here is an interesting thread about auto channel selection: https://superuser.com/questions/1311149/why-do-wifi-routers-do-such-a-bad-job-of-channel-selection

After making these changes, reboot the computer and let us hear your report.


Snappy Ubuntu Core, no Docker or Owncloud in 'store'

At least the 15.04 release (dated 13-Nov-2015) has docker available if you do a 'snappy search docker'.

ownCloud has two packages: a snappy package and a docker package, but the former is not available for BeagleBone Black.

And after you install docker, you can find ownCloud as a docker package. It's interesting that it doesn't show up before installing docker.


I don't hear any sound on Kubuntu 18.04 LTS

Had the same problem, found a solution here on askubuntu and it worked for me! Ubuntu 18.04 audio disappeared after update

tomas reported that after adding a boot parameter to grub, their audio was restored. https://askubuntu.com/a/1218063/718497

  So to answer my own question. After a lot of digging I finally managed to get my audio working again. After finding this thread https://bugs.archlinux.org/task/64720 I tried temporarily adding the boot parameter snd_hda_intel.dmic_detect=0 by following this guide: How do I add a kernel boot parameter? to verify that it worked. It solved my problem, and I added the key permanently now, and the fix seems to persist after reboot.

Please upvote tomas if it helps. :-)

(I would've posted this as a comment, but my rep isn't 50 just yet)


Converting Ubuntu to Ubuntu Mate Problem!

From the official MATE wiki.
How to install MATE in Ubuntu 14.04
Open the terminal, and complete the following steps to enable the appropriate PPAs and install MATE 1.8.1 on Ubuntu 14.04.
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-mate-dev/ppa
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-mate-dev/trusty-mate
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends ubuntu-mate-core ubuntu-mate-desktop

Instead of lightdm use lightdm-gtk-greeter for the login display manager as recommended by the MATE team:
sudo apt-get install lightdm-gtk-greeter
sudo reboot

How to install MATE in Ubuntu 15.10 and newer
sudo apt-get update

To install MATE choose 1 of the 3 apt-get lines below.

This will install the base packages required for a minimal MATE
desktop.
sudo apt-get install mate-desktop-environment-core

This will install the complete MATE desktop.
sudo apt-get install mate-desktop-environment

This will install the complete MATE desktop including a few extras.
sudo apt-get install mate-desktop-environment-extras


I'm so confused about full disk encryption. help :(

I've been using Ubuntu with full disk encryption for over a year. The Alternate Install CD for Ubuntu 12.04 makes it easy. During the installation, when it asks you how you want to partition your disks, one of the options will say something like "Guided - set up LVM with encryption." Just select that one and it will do all of the advanced work for you. All you need to do is come up with a passphrase and you're set.


ifconfig does not recognize eth0, only wlan0 and lo (Ubuntu 14.04, Macbrook Pro)

Check whether your interface has the name eth0 by typing ifconfig -a.

Probably it is named something like p1p1 now. If it is and you want it to be eth0, add biosdevname=0 to the boot options in your /etc/default/grub.


How to update an EOL Ubuntu distribution

I think it is wiser tyo do a fresh install of 12.04.2 or higher.
There are advantages of doing a upgrade of 11.10 but in my eyes they are few compared to the disadvantages of any upgrade.
Unity is growing up and has several new features under its skin, it would be sad for having problems with an upgrade that went wrong.

A fresh installation of a newer Ubuntu-version would be almost ideal for having a good working system without the polution of an older system upgraded.

You talk about updating but this is impossible with a version EOL.

So hit the download-button and do a fresh install ;)


You can try the following steps:

1.In the terminal type:

sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/network_drivers.conf

Add the following in a single line:

install rt2800usb /sbin/modprobe --ignore-install rt2800usb $CMDLINE_OPTS; /bin/echo "2001 3c25" > /sys/bus/usb/drivers/rt2800usb/new_id

to the file.

sudo modprobe rt2800usb
Reboot

Post back if you are experiencing any problems.


How do I get rid of this allocated space?

There are a number of issues which are probably going to make this difficult for you:

Traditionally, partitioning software liked to align partitions to logical tracks, so if you have 63 sectors per track, this meant aligning partitions to multiples of 63 sectors.  In practice this is a small amount of data much smaller than a megabyte.

However, hard drives have been using logical (ie, fake) addressing where the tracks and sectors are meaningless, for a long time.  In reality hard drives now use a variable number of sectors per track from the outside to the inside of each disc.

Nowadays, with flash and SSD drives being popular, partitioning software tends to prefer aligning partitions to multiples of 1MB.
The first partition cannot be at the very start of the drive because that space is reserved, so the first partition can only be either 63 sectors in (if aligning the old way) or 1MB in (if aligning the new way).
If you first partition was created with older partitioning software, it probably starts at the 63rd sector.  If your subsequent partitions were created with newer partitioning software, it probably starts on a multiple of 1MB.  Because these don't align, there will be a space between them of <1MB.
There is absolutely nothing wrong with this, particularly on a traditional hard drive (eg non-SSD) or as in your case, a virtual one.  You can align however you like with no performance penalty.  In addition, a space penalty of less than 1MB on a 50GB drive is so miniscule as to be ignorable.  Don't put yourself through the trouble just to save less than 1MB.  Your only issue is that it looks kinda ugly in Gparted.
Your other partition (sda5) is within an extended partition.  Gparted is currently unable to move the boundaries of an extended partition.  In addition, due to the space required at the start of an extended partition I have a feeling it's impossible to align it to a 1MB boundary and not have a very small amount of wasted space around it.
The other partition is a swap partition.  Gparted may not be able to resize swap partitions, but that's no problem, since it's expendable data anyway so you can just trash it and create a new swap partition a different size.

That said, I can solve your problems.  sda5 is only swap, so instead of resizing it, trash it, then trash that extended partition around it.  That will consolidate all the free space into one blob.

Then, create a new swap partition occupying all that unused space.

You may still have <1MB gaps between partitions for the reasons highlighted elsewhere, but Gparted usually don't even show these if they are just around normal partitions.


It has dpkg 1.14.5ubuntu16 from Gutsy installed and tries to update apt to 0.6.43.3ubuntu2 from Dapper, but this apt version  is incompatible with the installed dpkg (and quite likely so is the currently installed version of apt).

If you really want to upgrade change your sources.list to use gutsy (http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ has it). Then manually download and install apt from Gutsy (and anything it needs) and try to dist-upgrade.

But I would think about a fresh install as a mix of Dapper and Gutsy sounds quite ugly and if there are still some packages from Breezy left that doesn't make it any better.


Software removal without Synaptic or dpkg for manually built software

sudo make uninstall

It removes the manually build/installed software, it needs to be executed on the same folder it was originally builded upon.
Another version of the sources should not work correctly, so you have to keep the original sources folder.

TIP: THATS why i recommend replacing sudo make install by sudo checkinstall which makes an easy to remove .DEB file


Dual boot with Ubuntu 11.04, OpenSUSE 11.4 and/or Fedora 15 beta. Does the order matters?

Be careful with OpenSUSE - they still use GRUB as their bootloader, while Ubuntu uses GRUB2.  (As of 11.4 there is an option to go with GRUB2 however.)  If you're using Ubuntu as your primary OS and replace GRUB2 with GRUB during an OpenSUSE install, it might cause problems.  (At the very least, some of the command line structure is different, so it might make it hard to follow a how-to, for example.)

I haven't done an install with 11.4 but I do have 11.3 installed on a second hard drive.  If they haven't made major changes, one of the options when installing OpenSUSE is to install no bootloader at all.  After the install you need to run sudo update-grub from Ubuntu to add OpenSUSE to the bootloader.  (This was the option I went with, since I wanted to keep Ubuntu's bootloader.)  The only downside to doing it this way is that whenever OpenSUSE updates their kernel, you have to update the grub manually (from within Ubuntu - at least that's the easiest way IMO).

I think Fedora 15 uses GRUB2 as well; if you install Fedora second you'll get a Fedora theme for the bootloader but there's otherwise no difference.


in kde you can go to "System Settings" → "Account Details" → "Paths" and set the Document  path to your windos7 path. This is possible because Ubuntu can do that. The other way round is impossible by default because windows can't. There must be something similar setting with other Windows Managers like Unity,Xfce,Gnome,...


To run the python script you have to put the full path or ./Desktop/Test.py in the sh file because when you run the Test.sh file the path where the script will run in /home/julien, so it is just a problem of bad files locations of the files or misleadings paths. It helps to "debug" to set the Terminal=true and adding some waiting time to the Test.sh file (e.g. sleep 20 in the end of the file) to see the output of the script


lubuntu - maximize windows by dragging to top

I don't know the "cost" in terms of resource usage because I don't use it, but there is an additional piece of software that you could install to get what you ask for. It is called Opensnap and a write-up and installation directions are at Opensnap (Aerosnap with mouse).

  Aerosnap is a lacking feature of the Openbox window manager, which
  handles Lubuntu's windows, so we need to draw upon a "keystroke trick"
  (see Aerosnap article) or use a 3rd party app. And there's a handy
  program (thanks to lawl) that will do that, called Opensnap.

The impression I get from the github page is that you may need to install wmctrl as well.

As I said, I haven't used it. I prefer not to add extra software if I can do what I want with existing resources such as the keyboard. Reposition and Resize Windows Without Using a Mouse has suggestions on how to position windows using existing resources and the keyboard (not mouse).

The method I use to maximize windows is to press Alt and spacebar together to get a dropdown and then type x to maximize. Other options are also available in the dropdown. Of course, you can assign an even more convenient keyboard shortcut in lubuntu-rc.xml.


Problem with ssh connections between two machines with Ubuntu

Idle timeouts are handled both on the SSH server and the client.

So you need to configure TCPKeepAlive, ServerAliveInterval in seconds on the client ssh_config and ClientAliveIntervalon the server /etc/ssh/sshd_config.

sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

uncomment or edit

TCPKeepAlive yes
ClientAliveInterval 600 # Timeout after 10 minutes, uncomment if no timeout

then restart service (or equivalent)

/etc/init.d/ssh restart

on the client

nano .ssh/config

Host *
TCPKeepAlive=yes
ServerAliveInterval 600      # Same logic as above


Experiencing major issues on graphic displays

Follow these steps precisely!

Run following command in terminal and tick all check boxes under Ubuntu Software and Updates tabs. If already ticked then leave it.

sudo software-properties-gtk

then update your repository:

sudo apt-get update

Install Linux Kernel 3.8.0 by selecting following packages in Synaptic:

linux-generic-lts-raring
linux-headers-3.8.0-30
linux-headers-3.8.0-30-generic
linux-headers-generic-lts-raring
linux-image-3.8.0-30-generic
linux-image-generic-lts-raring

you can also install Kernel 3.8.x by executing following command:

sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-raring linux-headers-3.8.0-30 linux-headers-3.8.0-30-generic linux-headers-generic-lts-raring linux-image-3.8.0-30-generic linux-image-generic-lts-raring

Once installed execute following command to update-grub and reboot your system(be sure to select Kernel 3.8.0.30 from your grub menu):

sudo update-grub && sudo reboot

Before trying to 3rd step I just want you to try 4th step. If it fixes your problem then no need to install latest Xserver-Xorg packages so you can skip 3rd step.
Install all -lts-raring packages for Xserver-Xorg using following command:

sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dri-lts-raring libxatracker1-lts-raring xserver-xorg-core-lts-raring xserver-xorg-input-all-lts-raring xserver-xorg-input-evdev-lts-raring xserver-xorg-input-mouse-lts-raring xserver-xorg-input-synaptics-lts-raring xserver-xorg-input-vmmouse-lts-raring xserver-xorg-input-wacom-lts-raring xserver-xorg-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-all-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-ati-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-cirrus-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-fbdev-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-intel-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-mach64-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-mga-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-modesetting-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-neomagic-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-nouveau-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-openchrome-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-r128-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-radeon-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-s3-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-savage-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-sis-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-sisusb-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-tdfx-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-trident-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-vesa-lts-raring xserver-xorg-video-vmware-lts-raring libxrandr-ltsq2 x11-xserver-utils-lts-raring xserver-common-lts-raring

Why this list is so long because I ensure that you install all lts-raring packages for xserver-xorg. I recommend you to copy and paste it in terminal. It will remove already installed Xserver-Xorg packages which was meant for previous kernel. so press y when it prompts to remove such packages.. Run this command to ensure you installed all:

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends xserver-xorg-lts-raring

Now execute following commands:

sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo dpkg-reconfigure -a
sudo dpkg-reconfigure $(dpkg -l | awk '{print $2}' | grep "^xserver" | tr '\n' ' ')

If last step shows some error, then execute these commands sudo apt-get -f install, sudo apt-get --purge remove, sudo apt-get autoremove && sudo apt-get autoclean.

Then again try to run the command that gives you error. If still it gives you the same error then replace that command with this one: sudo dpkg-reconfigure $(dpkg -l | awk '{print $2}' | grep 'lts-raring' | tr '\n' ' ').

Then continue to next:

sudo update-initramfs -u

Then restart your system again:

sudo reboot

After reboot your system should work great.

A short description of all steps mentioned above:

1st Step ensures that you'll able to download lts-raring packages.

In 2nd step you are installing a good stable kernel for your system, you are using so old kernel: 3.2.x.

3rd Step will install Xserver-Xorg packages including graphics card driver which is best supported by Kernel 3.8.0

4th Step is used to re-configure the packages installed in your system to latest kernel just you installed.

It is not that much tough, I did it without any problem. And my system works great now! If you get any problem or error at any particular step, just reply mentioning that command with the error. I'll be waiting for your reply..


DHCP client for DHCP testing and debugging

I'm not sure if you can use this for doing the kind of load testing you want, but I found this tool useful for basic DHCP debugging: https://github.com/CyberShadow/dhcptest
It allows you to send  out discovery packets with all sorts of DHCP options, including spoofing your MAC to try IP reservations, etc.


You have to reinstall the related packages by:
sudo apt-get install --reinstall xubuntu-default-settings xfce4-session

Then reboot and locate Xubuntu of Xfce session on GDM login screen.
Also I would recommend to reinstall full Xubuntu task package by:
sudo apt-get install --reinstall xubuntu-desktop^


Unable to load desktop on Ubuntu 16.04 - tried almost everything!

Hmm... it sounds weird...

Try to:

→ Delete all the .* folders in your home, such as .config, .local, .cache,  etc. (this will delete all your programs configuration, so backup something in those folders which you would want to restore later)

→ Remove all the Unity and Compiz stuff (Ctrl+Alt+F1, login on that screen, and put: sudo apt-get autoremove --purge ubuntu-desktop unity compizconfig-settings-manager), but don't touch Nvidia packages). I have read that you have logged in and have seen an Xfce box (a loading screen). Maybe the system have messed up if you have installed various desktop environments. Delete Xfce (sudo apt-get autoremove --purge xfce4-panel xfce4-session xfdesktop4 thunar xfce4-settings xfconf xubuntu-desktop).

→ Try reinstalling Unity (sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop unity) or switch to another desktop (you can try again with Xfce (sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop) or switch to MATE (sudo apt-get install ubuntu-mate-desktop), which I prefer over Unity, as it is more lightweight and faster, and also resembles the Ubuntu good old days (GNOME 2))

*Come to this page and put your results in the Comments section of this answer.

*If you still have the problem, and don't have a separate home partition, consider to backup your stuff and reinstall Ubuntu. If you have that separate partition, then you wouldn't need to backup your things, as long as you are careful when installing the Ubuntu. By the way, only do this if the "→" instructions don't work.

Hope this helps...


Mouse cursor dissappearing/flickering when not moving (Xubuntu 12.04 / xfce 4.10)

You could try two things, pop into XFCE Settings -> Window Manager Tweaks -> Settings Tab and UNTICK Enable Compositing to turn of fancy desktop effects, this may help your cursor...

or...  Try using a newer version of Ubuntu with better hardware support for your graphics and bug fixes that may sort out the mouse flicker...  Note: 14.04 LTS will be out in April if you want to wait for another long-term release...


I managed to do it with the commandline tool wmctrl as follows:

Install wmctrl (sudo apt-get install wmctrl)

Create a shell script to toggle between two vim positions: The position I want vim to show up and a position out of sight (like a virtual desktop). You get get the required positions with wmctrl -l -G.

TOGGLE=$HOME/.toggle_vim
if [ ! -e $TOGGLE ]; then
    touch $TOGGLE
    wmctrl -r GVIM -e "0, 1748, 549,  1612, 484"
else
    rm $TOGGLE
    wmctrl -r GVIM -e "0, 3227, 1050, 132,  76"
fi

Map that script as custom keyboard shortcut: "bash /path/to/script"


What will happen on the regular Ubuntu forums when Ubuntu One is discontinued?

nothing, as it is the storage service itself going offline, the account sign in and metadata are kept separate and preserved for that very reason


Whether on a LAN or not on a LAN, I normally do this:

First install openssh-server on all PCs that will be receiving the SSH connection:

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

Verify that the PC where I just installed openssh-server is accessible. The fastest way is to send it a ping.

ping 192.168.0.100 assuming the IP address is the IP address of my friend's PC. If it appears ok then I proceed with accessing to it. Remember that you need to use an account that already exists on your friend's PC. Normally his own account will do.

ssh friend@192.168.0.100 where friend is your friend's user name.

In a normal scenario this should be enough. Let me know if it works.


Can I add members of a group to another group automatically?

I don't think there's a built-in way to do that.

However there's a pretty easy solution: you could add a function to ~/.bashrc to wrap the whole task into a single command.

Listing the sets of groups in a case statement (ok for a few sets of groups)

function add_user {
    [ ! -z "$1" -a ! -z "$2" ] || return
    case "$1" in
    netadmin)
        groups=(netadmin www-data tomcat sambashare ftp)
        ;;
    vmadmin)
        groups=(kvm libvirt vboxusers)
        ;;
    *)
        printf "Group '%s' is not listed.\n" "$1"
        return
    esac
    printf "Adding '%s' to group '%s'...\n" "$2" "$1"
    usermod -aG ${groups[@]} "$1"
}

After that running e.g. add_user netadmin user will add user to netadmin, www-data, tomcat, sambashare and ftp, and running e.g. add_user vmadmin user will add user to kvm, libvirt and vboxusers.

Adding other sets of groups would be as easy as adding other entries to the case statement after the vmadmin entry and before the * entry:

foo)
    groups=(bar foobar raboof)
    ;;

Listing the sets of groups in an external configuration file

Create a file named config in ~/ whith the following content:

netadmin,netadmin,www-data,tomcat,sambashare,ftp
vmadmin,kvm,libvirt,vboxusers

The first field identifies the name of the set of groups
The fields after the first identify the groups to which the user is to add

function add_user {
    [ ! -z "$1" -a ! -z "$2" ] || exit
    groups=( $(awk -F , -v group="$1" '$1==group {$1=""; print; exit}' config) )
    if [ ${#groups} -eq 0 ]; then
        printf "Group '%s' is not listed.\n" "$1"
        return
    fi
    printf "Adding '%s' to group '%s'...\n" "$2" "$1"
    usermod -aG ${groups[@]} "$1"
}

After that running e.g. add_user netadmin user will add user to netadmin, www-data, tomcat, sambashare and ftp, and running e.g. add_user vmadmin user will add user to kvm, libvirt and vboxusers.

Adding other sets of groups would be as easy as adding another entry to ~/config:

foo,bar,foobar,raboof


So, you said you changed these files:

/usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/fr
/usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev.xml

We can ask dpkg to which package these files belong, or also just their common folder /usr/share/X11/xkb:

$ dpkg -S /usr/share/X11/xkb/
xkb-data: /usr/share/X11/xkb

So the package that contains these files is xkb-data. Reinstalling it should solve problems related to accidental changes:

sudo apt install --reinstall xkb-data


How to verify genuineness of live bootable USB ubuntu drive?

Here's one way to compare SHA256 Sums on the Ubuntu 20.04 Desktop and Server installers:

Web Browser: https://releases.ubuntu.com/20.04/
Download the SHA256SUMS file
Using any convenient SHA256 method to generate the checksum on your downloaded .iso.

In Ubuntu: sha256sum /path/to/downloaded_file.iso
The sha256sum application is included in the coreutils package.

Compare your result with the SHA256SUMS file.


Cannot boot live USB with Ubuntu on a specific PC, on others the USB works fine?

This worked for me. i think the BIOS is to blame. Award-Phoenix 6.00PG.
1) I create DOS bootable USB. Simply dd the iso found here This will be called DOS-USB

After doing this, the DOS-USB is seen as harddrive by the bios, not as usb
2) Download grub4dos and extract grub.exe from the zip and copy it in the root of the DOS-USB.
GRUB4DOS download
3)Create file menu.lst(or copy the one from the zip) and add this:

title Boot MultiBOOT LinuxUSB
find --set-root /boot/bootme.tag
kernel /boot/grub/core.img
savedefault
boot

(this entry assumes there is a file called bootme.tag in boot of your second, booting USB.You should create this one yourself. It is added as id file, since I assume most of you have Ubuntu installed, so searching for GRUB file will find two drives)

4) Create your booting USB(you need 2 USB for this solution) I call it Linux-USB. I use this tool but any GRUB2-based tool should work. MultisystemUSB though fails. I have not tried Unetbootin and Ubuntu Live USB

5) Create an Non-empty(some text will do) file, call it bootme.tag and copy it to /boot of your Linux-USB.
Reboot with both USBs plugged, select to booth from DOS-USB. When you see c:, enter grub.exe, and select Boot MultiBOOT LinuxUSB entry. This should find and boot the Linux-USB.


Problem with update-initramfs and cryptsetup

So simple but overseen:

apt-get install btrfs-tools

in chroot.


The most appropriate command line tool is the ffmpeg utility available to be installed via the software center/synaptic manager.

A command line example would be something like this for Constant Bitrate Mode (CBR):

ffmpeg -i inputfile.m4a -c:a libmp3lame -ac 2 -b:a 190k outputfile.mp3

Or even better for Variable Bitrate Mode (VBR):

ffmpeg -i inputfile.m4a -c:a libmp3lame -ac 2 -q:a 2 outputfile.mp3

More information on mp3 encoding with FFmpeg can be seen here:

FFmpeg MP3 Encoding Guide


14.04 Wifi doesn't turn back on after sleep

I was having the same problem on 16.10 where my Wifi would not reconnect after resuming. I tried restarting NetworkManager in a on-resume script, but it didn't work.

The solution that worked for me disabling and/or uninstalling ModemManager. Once that was gone, it started connecting again.


Bluetooth turns on after booting into Ubuntu 18.04

Never mind, I found the solution here using tlp package.

Installation:sudo apt install tlp

Then edit the file in /etc/default/tlp with sudo privileges.

sudo nano /etc/default/tlp

On line 5 you will see:

RESTORE_DEVICE_STATE_ON_STARTUP=0

change this value to 1 i.e.:

RESTORE_DEVICE_STATE_ON_STARTUP=1


apt-get works with private repository in Ubuntu 14 but fails with GPG error "signatures invalid" in Ubuntu 18

Error is caused by the silent rejection of insecure SHA-1 signatures in the new apt version in Ubuntu 18.
It seems that neither gpg nor apt are able to give an explicit warning about the outdated signature algorithm.
(If anybody knows how to produce such a warning, please comment here.)

Workaround is to put digest-algo sha256 into ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf at the aptly package build server.
Found on https://github.com/aptly-dev/aptly/pull/366.
The SHA-256 signatures produced are compatible to apt in Ubuntu 14 and 18.

Long-term solution is to upgrade the aptly version that builds the repository.


I'm afraid both messages look unrelated to your problem with Mobile Broadband connection.

nm-applet-Message: using fallback from indicator to GtkStatusIcon

simply means that a Gnome Panel was not found and it is using the status icon instead.

nm-applet-WARNING **: Could not find ShellVersion property on org.gnome.Shell after 5 tries

This message means that it tried to get the version of the Gnome Shell from DBus but failed for 5 attempts. On my system, there is no org.gnome.Shell service. But you apparently have and there is something wrong with it.

One thing you might want to try is running it as:

nm-applet --shell-debug

This should remove that second message, but I doubt it will resolve the broadband issue.

EDIT: I should mention that both these messages are not errors.

The following means that SIGINT was delivered and applet is exiting, which is what happens when you hit Ctrl+C in the terminal.

nm-applet-Message: PID 0 (we are 6848) sent signal 2, shutting down...

For next message, see this bug. It is GLib warning and not an error. nm-applet gives the same messages on my system (except for the dbus related message) and it works.

(nm-applet:6848): GLib-CRITICAL **: Source ID 107 was not found when attempting to remove it

Since you say the same thing goes for psensors, I am convinced that your problem is not nm-applet. It looks like your systray is missing. Try to run the following minimal python script for creating a status icon and see if anything shows up:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import pygtk
import gtk

i = gtk.StatusIcon()
i.set_from_stock(gtk.STOCK_INFO)
i.set_visible(True)
gtk.main()

Put this in a file and name it test.py. Execute chmod +x test.py and ./test.py. You might need to install python-gtk package, if not installed.


This should work.

Thats delete file that giving you problems with this command:

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list

Then run theses commands to add Google chrome back to the repository

wget -q -O - https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add -

sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list'

Then run:

sudo apt-get update


How do I transfer files from the guest system to the host system?

A Shared Folder in VirtualBox would be the easiest way to go, in my opinion. To the Windows guest the folder would appear a a network share and can even be mapped to a network drive.


Does python on Ubuntu come with any libraries?

To get a list of available Python 3 modules, open a terminal then run:

python3 -c 'help("modules")'

for Python 2 run:

python -c 'help("modules")'

As for the ones that come preinstalled with Ubuntu, these are the ones included in the Python Standard Library and installed with libpython-stdlib and libpython3-stdlib packages in Ubuntu as shown in the package information for Python 2 and for Python 3.


Pinning package using own repository and apt-get

Solution 1: (using Debian epoch)

Prefix your package version with 1: so that it will be 1:1.2.1 and thus it will always be seen as a higher version. This is very handy if you build your own modified packages and don't want them replaced by Ubuntu upgrades.

  When comparing two version numbers, first the epoch of each are
  compared, then the upstream_version if epoch is equal, and then
  debian_revision if upstream_version is also equal. epoch is compared
  numerically.

Source: https://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-controlfields.html#s-f-Version

Solution 2 (using Pinning)

To set up AptPreferences for a given package add a new file in /etc/apt/preferences.d/.

sudo gedit /etc/apt/preferences.d/my-package-pin

Add add the following lines in that file:

Package: my_package
Pin: release o=Ubuntu
Pin-Priority: -10

I will prevent Ubuntu repository versions to replace the one provided by your local repo.

To check if the package pin version run:

sudo apt-cache policy my_package

Visit https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PinningHowto


In terminal write:

gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop

Then paste and modify this text:

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=Eclipse
Comment=Configurable and extensible IDE
Exec=/opt/eclipse/eclipse %F
Icon=/opt/eclipse/icon.xpm
Terminal=false
X-MultipleArgs=false
Categories=Development;IDE;GTK;
StartupNotify=true

Save and close the file. If needed modify Exec and Icon paths, according to where you have Eclipse executable and its icon. I have it in /opt/eclipse. You need to leave %F after exec path.

After it's done, right-click desired file and choose open with (or something similar). Find eclipse and it's done.

More details: Add Program to List of Applications in “Open With” When Right-Clicking Files in Nautilus.


Accidentally deleted /usr/sbin/apache2 on Ubuntu 18.04

/usr/sbin/apache2 is provided by apache2-bin. apache2-bin is a dependency of the apache2 package, so apache2 will not work properly without it. Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install --reinstall apache2-bin
sudo service apache2 start


How to completely start from scratch with Ubuntu?

First off, I would download a Live USB of the version of Ubuntu you want to use. This tells you how to do it: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu

On my Asus Ultrabook I'm able to press esc during the boot process and select an alternative boot device.

Start from a a cold boot, insert the Live USB and hit escape while it's booting. It might require multiple presses. Then choose the USB devices to boot from. Ubuntu should start up. Once it's in the desktop, just choose "Install." During the setup sequence it will detect what's already there and give you the option to overwrite it.


How can I get a command to run before login (ie while booting or just after)?

You can edit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf and append the line

display-setup-script=/usr/local/sbin/lightdm-setup.sh

to the [SeatDefaults] section. Then create the file /usr/local/sbin/lightdm-setup.sh with this content:

#! /bin/sh
xbacklight =100

And make the file executable (chmod +x /usr/local/sbin/lightdm-setup.sh). After a reboot or when you restart lightdm (sudo restart lightdm) your script should run.


Set Nautilus as default file manager in Xubuntu

Install the package called exo-utils. Then press Alt+F2 and run the command exo-preferred-applications. In Preferred Applications, click on the Utilities tab, and under File Manager, select Nautilus. (You must install Nautilus first, if you haven't already.)


I want to install Ubuntu 16.04.2 over my old Ubuntu which will not boot

I must assume you are asking about booting from the USB instead of from the hard drive

When you start your laptop, when still on manufacturers logo screen (be quick!) you can press (depending on make/model) F2 or F12

This should bring up the efi or bios. Choose to boot from USB as first device.

You should be able to boot from the USB this way.


How to install a pae version of linux 3.0?

Go here and download it. Look at the bottom Download linux-image-3.0-1-generic-pae


2 hard drives / HD1: UBuntu HD2: Win7. best practice isolated os's for dual boot

You can set up GRUB to boot into the Windows OS. Just install Windows 7 first on your first disk, install Ubuntu on the second and configure the BIOS to boot the second disk. The installer will take care of detecting your Win7 disk.


How to make a .desktop file that matches all files and dirs?

The Nemo file Manager has actions for a while now and you're going to be happy to hear this includes Selection=any and also Extensions=any!!!


Add the new PATH to your ~/.bashrc by:

echo 'export PATH=/home/thebigfootsdad/Downloads/swift-3.0-preview-1-ubuntu15.10/usr/bin:"${PATH}"' >>~/.bashrc

Or use your favorite editor to edit ~/.bashrc and add the following at the end:

export PATH=/home/thebigfootsdad/Downloads/swift-3.0-preview-1-ubuntu15.10/usr/bin:"${PATH}"


MPEG 4 Audio Support Not Working in Rhythmbox 3.4.4 (Ubuntu 20.04 LTS)

I'm not sure which specific package was missing, but this fixed it...

sudo apt-get install libgstreamer1.0-0 gstreamer1.0-plugins-base gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly gstreamer1.0-libav gstreamer1.0-doc gstreamer1.0-tools gstreamer1.0-x gstreamer1.0-alsa gstreamer1.0-gl gstreamer1.0-gtk3 gstreamer1.0-qt5 gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio

Obviously do this with Rhythmbox and any other media players you have installed closed... Once the installation is complete, you can open them again and the issue should be fixed.


Should I commit "debian" directory into my source code?

If your goal is to submit the package for inclusion in Debian/Ubuntu, you should not include a /debian directory in the source tarballs you release. It is supposed to be created and maintained by the Debian/Ubuntu maintainer(s) of the package; this may or may not be you, but regardless, the package maintenance work is separate from the software development work. The Debian Upstream Guide has this to say:

  Some projects include a rough /debian directory among source files to ease bleeding-edge package compilation and installation on Debian (and derived) systems. While this is a good effort, it is better to leave it out of the final tarball as it can interfere with debian's own packaging effort.

Of course, if it's just for your own use, you can do whatever you want.


Spotify snap broken with Nvidia driver 396.24.02

Until fixed snaps are available, you can start spotify without GPU accelerated graphics

# snap run spotify --disable-gpu


Trouble connecting to wifi in Windows 7 VM

Well, this works for my Windows XP VM

It SHOULD work. Although I think in Vista they removed the PCnet support. Basically you usually have to monkey around with the different network settings options. I found this article on VirtualBox network settings.


Ubuntu 14.04 taking a lot of time to start

Could try unplugging any accessories, especially USB devices, sometimes they can cause delays when starting up. And see if it boots any faster afterwards.

Or could be that your computer is too slow for Ubuntu Unity (main version), you could try a "lighter" version like Xubuntu, Lubuntu, maybe Kubuntu, or use a different Window Manager like one from a version mentioned, or Openbox, etc... [ Why does it take over a minute for the desktop to load after logging in? ]

You can usually search for any log error messages to see generally what they mean: https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1330542#p1330542

    Here is the commit with some background information: https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/5/29/640 More background on NMI here: http://x86vmm.blogspot.nl/2005/10/linux-nmis-on-intel-64-bit-hardware.html

    It seems that the meta-information NMI's provide sometimes takes up too much CPU time; and the kernel throttles itself with an informational message as posted in this thread. The throttle is to prevent the kernel from taking up too much CPU while obtaining the nmi sample. You could tweak perf_cpu_time_max_percent but it seems the default is just fine


Trying to login to openssh, permission denied

What is the output on your server log?
That message is usually shown when root or some unauthorized user is trying to login.
For instance, I have my root login disabled with this line in /etc/ssh/sshd_config

PermitRootLogin no

Another possibility is that your server has a limited list of users allowed, the line in config is:

AllowUsers user1 user2

There is also a DenyUsers. More info at man sshd_config.
When somebody tries to login as root in my server, the /var/log/auth.log shows this:

Jun  7 19:45:05 jaguar sshd[26999]: Failed password for invalid user root from 192.168.1.3 port 10916 ssh2
Jun  7 19:45:06 jaguar sshd[26999]: Connection closed by 192.168.1.3 [preauth]

On the client the message is similar to yours:

$ ssh -l root jaguar
root@jaguar's password:
Permission denied, please try again.

You could try running server with debug and don't detach options like this (full path to executable is necessary):

/usr/sbin/sshd -D -d -p 22

To start a new process on the same port, you should stop your normal server, or use a different one to listen to, and to connect to with client side.


Installing WMIC on Ubuntu Server 12.04 LTS

Try adding compiler option -ffreestanding. It worked for me with Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.

make "CPP=gcc -E -ffreestanding"

I found this solution in a comment here:
  Installing wmic in Ubuntu 12.04 (LTS) 64-Bit Desktop


I'm trying to install gdebi.deb in my Ubuntu 12.04 and can't seem to do it

"sudo install" isn't an appropriate command to achieve what you want.This, however, is:
sudo dpkg -i package.deb


How do I add a folder to favorites on wine windows explorer?

Just add a symlink to ~/.wine/drive_c/users/<YOUR_USERNAME>/Favorites and it will appear in Wine programs' file dialogs in the Favorites section.

To do this from a terminal (replace ~/Desktop/favorite_folder with your desired path):

cd ~/.wine/drive_c/users/`whoami`/Favorites
ln -s ~/Desktop/favorite_folder .


Where is the file I saved on my USB flash drive?

When creating a Ubuntu pendrive changes will not be saved across reboots unless you have enabled persistence. My guess is that you did not set any persistence for your pendrive any therefore any changes you make or files you saved will not be saved. There are a couple ways to check but the easiest is to boot to the USB, make some changes(change your background and make a couple files), then reboot and see if the changes are there.

I bet you will find they are not. So remake you pendrive, but this time with persistence.
A simple way to do this is using UNetBootin.

Download UNetBootin
Select Ubuntu as the distribution and I would go with either 12.04 or 13.04 as the version
Set the persistence to 4000MB.
note: The max is 4GB, there are ways to overcome if you want to do some research.
Make sure your USB drive is selected and hit OK

Now you can save changes and files across reboots.


I figured it out how to make sound work. in alsamixer it was the PCI slider. It needed to be turned up.

However the indicator still shows the volume on mute, and the devices don't show up in Sounds. regardless, I can hear stuff through the speakers and headphones, so I'm happy.


How to make /var/www/html same as my /var/tmp directory?

You can change your default folder for www content by editing the information provided inside the /etc/apache2/sites-available/default file. By dropping sudo gedit /etc/apache2/sites-available/default and changing any occurrence of the /var/www or (maybe your case) /var/www/html and setting the folder that you wish to use.

The contents of the file will look like this:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost

    DocumentRoot /home/geppettvs/www
    <Directory />
        Options FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
    </Directory>
    <Directory /home/geppettvs/www/>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride None
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all
    </Directory>

    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
    <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
        AllowOverride None
        Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log

    # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
    # alert, emerg.
    LogLevel warn

    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

    Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/"
    <Directory "/usr/share/doc/">
        Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
        Order deny,allow
        Deny from all
        Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128
    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

In this case I am using my /home/geppettvs/www folder in order to place the files that will be exposed to the public via http connections (port 80).

Give this a try. I hope this help you.

Good luck!


Invalid or corrupt jar file on Ubuntu Server

The jar file itself may have been corrupted on Windows (maybe by compressing it) before it was uploaded to Ubuntu Server on the VPS. To test for this possibility, check if the original jar file executes properly from Windows.


3 Screen Setup - Haswell HD4400 - works on windows

The problem exists because my ubuntu 14.04.1 does not support DisplayPort Multi Stream Transport.
Ubuntu 14.10 will have the same problem also.

Its possible it is working on 14.04.2. Release notes just looking fine, not tested.

This functionality is added in the following kernel 3.17 and intel display-driver:
(link deleted because of missing reputation points. - But links can be found in the bugreport below)

it works on Ubuntu 15.04 Alpha 2 straight out of the box, on Ubuntu 14.10 you need just a newer Kernel. at least kernel 3.17.

I recommend to upgrade to ubuntu 14.10, and then install kernel 3.17. An example instruction:
http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2014/11/how-to-upgrade-to-linux-kernel-3-17-4-in-ubuntu-14-10/

here is a nice description about this problem:
http://cweiske.de/tagebuch/thinkpad-ultradock-screens.htm

Bugreport for ubuntu could be found here:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xserver-xorg-video-intel/+bug/1104230


How to retrieve tweets from command line?

From a-close-date on, Twitter won't let you into their API without having an OAuth key. But as a workaround you can use Search API. It is RESTful, so you can use curl to retrieve search results in JSON format. For example, if you want to retrieve @java's tweets, and save it to file ~/.tweets, this line of code can be used:

curl http://search.twitter.com/search.json?q=from:java&page=1&rpp=10&callback=? >> $HOME/.tweets

And you can parse the file, using any JSON parser.

The rpp parameter is number af tweets to be retrieved. callback is javascript function to be executed on the resulting JSON. In case you're not using JavaScript with the api, you can leave it ?, but don't remove it. I will cause an error. More guidance on Search api can be found on https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1/get/search

There are tools to parse JSON from command line interface. Although I've never used one, I'll put some links to some resources, to help you find out the best suited tool:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3858671/unix-command-line-json-parser
http://www.conigliaro.org/2011/01/24/jazor-a-simple-command-line-json-parsing-tool/
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1955505/parsing-json-with-sed-and-awk
http://kmkeen.com/jshon/

And as a little note, it is quicker to use some Python or Ruby (or others).


How to emulate a right mouse button click on touchscreen?

You need to enable the secondary click (as AliNa commented) with gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.a11y.mouse secondary-click-enabled "true" or with dconf editor.

Then it is possible that Ubuntu handles the touchscreen partially like a touchpad, where a touch does not trigger mouse-press. Instead you need to  short-tap + touch-and-hold.


So far the best effort to support it seems here :

https://github.com/nmikhailov/Validity90/issues/34

if you have a  06cb:00a8 device


Slow wifi, packet loss, sometimes disconnect. RTL8822be driver, Ubuntu 16.04

This problem also happened to me. Turning off IPv6 helped me.


Installing Gephi 0.8.2-beta on Ubuntu 15.04

Gephi doesn't works with Java 8, therefore install Java 7:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer

If you don't like Oracle Java 7 as your default Java, edit your gephi.conf in gephi/etc

nano gephi/etc/gephi.conf

and set jdkhome

jdkhome="/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle/"


The extensions you mention are old and not anymore updated for newer Gnome Shell versions. You should remove them.

By design, Gnome Shell should currently be able to provide you with search results from tracker. For that, it relies on nautilus search which in turn can use tracker. It is very well possible that in practice, though, full text search through Gnome Shell still does not work. After all, it is only since a couple of months that simple file name based search started to work in Gnome Shell coming with Ubuntu 18.04.