First, you need a DNS server. BIND  is example of widely used and standard server.

Below is an example for:

network named local.example.com
with IP addresses 192.168.0.0
and netmask 255.255.255.0 (24 bits)

For server:

named ns1
with IP number 192.168.0.1

And for 2 external DNS servers of:

1.2.3.4
1.2.3.5

Change those values accordingly to fit your network structure.

1. Install BIND

sudo apt-get install bind9

2. Add your local domain

In BINDs configuration file of /etc/named.conf.local add config for name queries (name to IP number):

zone "local.example.com" {
    type master;
    file "/etc/bind/db.local.example.com";
    allow-query { 192.168.0.0.0/24; 127.0.0.1; };
};

And for reverse queries (IP numbers to names):

zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
    type master;
    file "/etc/bind/db.192.168.0";
    allow-query { 192.168.0.0/24; 127.0.0.1; };
};

Create two configuration files for your network. In /etc/bind/db.local.example.com, put:

$TTL    604800
@       IN      SOA     local.example.com. hostmaster.example.com. (
                        1503281         ; Serial
                         604800         ; Refresh
                          86400         ; Retry
                        2419200         ; Expire
                         604800 )       ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@       IN      NS      ns1.local.example.com.
ns1     IN      A       192.168.0.1
;
; Local computers
comp1   IN      A       192.168.0.101
comp2   IN      A       192.168.0.102
comp3   IN      A       192.168.0.103

In /etc/bind/db.192.168.0 put:

$TTL    604800
@       IN      SOA     v1.local.example.com. hostmaster.example.com. (
                        1503281         ; Serial
                         604800         ; Refresh
                          86400         ; Retry
                        2419200         ; Expire
                         604800 )       ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@       IN      NS      ns1.
1       IN      PTR     ns1.local.example.com.
; Local computers
101      IN      PTR     comp1.local.example.com.
102      IN      PTR     comp2.local.example.com.
103      IN      PTR     comp3.local.example.com.

Note the Serial parameter: It may contain any number, and it should be changed every time you make changes to your config file. In this example it is constructed from date and unique number (YYMMDDN).

3. External resolutions

Your server needs to resolve other queries, configure external DNS servers in /etc/bind/named.conf.options as "forwarders":

 options {
    forwarders {
        1.2.3.4;
        1.2.3.5;
    };
    [...]
}

4. Load configuration

You can reload configuration by:

sudo service bind9 reload

Check /var/log/syslog if there is no errors loading your new configs.

5. Usage

You should now be able to query your DNS server from localhost and from clients of 192.168.0.0/24 network. They need to be configured to use this server (192.168.0.1) and this domainname (local.example.com) - eg. with DHCP configuration or statically in /etc/network/interfaces, like this:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.101
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        gateway 192.168.0.1
        dns-nameservers 192.168.0.1
        dns-search local.example.com

To test your DNS on client machine (before switching permanently) you can try:

host comp1 192.168.0.1


Text/Log Viewer that that will allow filtering by words/phrases?

One suggestion is "glogg", it's available as an Ubuntu package and doesn't have nasty dependencies (Qt4-based).

Another one is ksystemlog, not sure if it does filtering as you require.

Finally I have to ask, why does it have to be GUI? Personally I'd use the old:

tail -f $LOGFILE |grep particular-phrase

there's also swatch which is possibly nicer, though I have never used it.


gnome-terminal profiles are not being loaded

Gnome terminal settings, including profiles, are now stored in dconf instead of gconf. While gconf used human-readable XML files to store data which could be directly edited, dconf settings need to be edited via an interface.

To edit them in a GUI, first install dconf-tools (sudo apt-get install dconf-tools), then run the command dconf-editor, and navigate to

org > gnome > terminal > legacy > profiles:

You'll find all your profiles there, though note that the setting key seems to be a UUID and the profile name is in the visible-name key below.

You can list your profiles using the command:

dconf dump /org/gnome/terminal/legacy/profiles:/ | grep -e "\[\:\|visible-name"

And you can  dump or load a profile from the command line using the following:

dconf dump /org/gnome/terminal/legacy/profiles:/:xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/ > profile.dconf
dconf load /org/gnome/terminal/legacy/profiles:/:xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx/ < profile.dconf


That depends on what you're doing. First of all, $PWD is an environment variable and pwd is a shell builtin or an actual binary:

$ type -a pwd
pwd is a shell builtin
pwd is /bin/pwd

Now, the bash builtin will simply print the current value of $PWD unless you use the -P flag. As explained in help pwd:

pwd: pwd [-LP]
Print the name of the current working directory.

Options:
  -L    print the value of $PWD if it names the current working
    directory
  -P    print the physical directory, without any symbolic links

By default, `pwd' behaves as if `-L' were specified.

The pwd binary, on the other hand, gets the current directory through the getcwd(3) system call which returns the same value as readlink -f /proc/self/cwd. To illustrate, try moving into a directory that is a link to another one:

$ ls -l
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 terdon terdon 4096 Jun  4 11:22 foo
lrwxrwxrwx 1 terdon terdon    4 Jun  4 11:22 linktofoo -> foo/
$ cd linktofoo
$ echo $PWD
/home/terdon/foo/linktofoo
$ pwd
/home/terdon/foo/linktofoo
$ /bin/pwd
/home/terdon/foo/foo

So, in conclusion, on GNU systems (such as Ubuntu), pwd and echo $PWD are equivalent unless you use the -P option but /bin/pwd is different and behaves like pwd -P.


Open a terminal and run this :
gpg --keyserver pgpkeys.mit.edu --recv-key YOURKEY && gpg --export --armor YOURKEY | sudo apt-key add -

In your case:
gpg --keyserver pgpkeys.mit.edu --recv-key D080CEF3C6ADBBD5 && gpg --export --armor D080CEF3C6ADBBD5 | sudo apt-key add -

would fix this problem.


Unless you are seeing an error message when you try to delete them as root (I assume you are doing a sudo rm -f), the issue doesn't seem to be that they cannot be deleted.  The issue appears to be that some process is recreating them.

You could try dropping down to single user mode (if available) to see if they are being recreated then.


In your case, the approach with a softlink is much quicker and obvious than working with a .desktop file.
Symlinks
Soft links on the desktop do work in Ubuntu 20.04. Perhaps your issue was in creating the soft link on the desktop?
Indeed, that will not work anymore using Ctrl+Shift and dragging, or dragging a soft link from Files to the desktop. Use one of the following methods to create a softlink on the desktop:

Create your softlinks in the folder "Desktop" in a Files window. Every file you place there will appear on the desktop. Your softlinks will work: you will be able to double click the icon on the desktop to launch the spreadsheet.
Alternatively, create the softlink from the right-click menu of the file. In order to have that option, you need to enable it in Preferences, Behavior tab: check "Show action to create symbolic links". After creation, hit Ctrl+x, then right-click the desktop and select "Paste".

.desktop launcher
Your .desktop file is correct and should work if Libreoffice has access to the mounted drive. Perhaps you are running the Snap version of Libreoffice. If that is the case, you will need to enable that by connecting Libreoffice to the removable-media interface.
Starred files
A new feature that would very well fit your user case, is the "Starred files" feature. After starring, they appear in the Starred folder in Files.


How do I monitor disk usage by processes over time?

You can run iotop with the accumulated switch:

sudo iotop -a

See its manpage for more options.


OpenGL runs on very low framerate with a intel graphic card

I spotted your issue almost immediately:

  gma500

Following this wiki article about the gma500 module, is quite obvious the lack of Hardware Acceleration for the chip:

  Unfortunately the support for this hardware is extremely limited on Linux. There are several drivers, but all lack certain basic features, such as future and current maintenance or support for suspend and hardware acceleration.

Which gets confirmed with the use of llvm, or more like software rasterizer:

  OpenGL renderer string: Gallium 0.4 on llvmpipe (LLVM 0x301)

And the newer gma500_glx don't support this functionalities too:

  The gma500_gfx does not (yet) support 3d graphics and it is unclear if it will in the future.

You can see the details about the module with modinfo gma500. Although I think it should be called gma500_gfx in your system, which is quite weird (but not relevant). In any case, your driver also do not support mesa which is, in GNU/Linux, the mecca of Hardware Acceleration (ergo all glx tests). Hope this solves all your doubts.

Interesting to read:

Nothing actual, just pretty old non-hardware-acceleration troubleshooting problems.


Utilities similar to the "sock" program used in the "TCP/IP Illustrated" book?

Netcat is a great linux tool for network debudding and raw data transmission across your LAN/WAN.

It also allows you to send a whole file and even combine higher level protocols.

Here are two good guides with some netcat basics: How To Use Netcat to Establish and Test TCP and UDP Connections on a VPS
, Netcat (nc) Command with Examples.


There is only two ways that will work everytime, even performing a:

:~$ cd /media

:~/media$ sudo bash

:~/media# cd your_user/pen_drive

:~/media/your_user/pen_drive# chmod 0755 *

:~/media/your_user/pen_drive# chown -R 1000:1000 *

WILL NOT WORK!! DON'T WASTE YOUR TIME, ITS A HEADACHE!

The first involves a 125 line recursive shell script.

The second, the one you should try involves copying all your data to your $HOME directory (/home/your_user). The 0400 bug will not transfer to your local drive or $HOME directory.

After transfer all the data re-format the pendrive, then label it.
The re-format from command line will blank the disk. Labeling it will
initialize the disk in order to move data from the local disk to the pendrive. Shown below is what you need to do.

(No Brainer: Stick the USB drive in the port)

First run the fdisk with -l flag using sudo to verify the where the device is located (should be /dev/sdb1):

:~$ sudo fdisk -l

next unmount the disk using umount

:~$ sudo umount /dev/sdb1

To reformat the disk use the mkdosfs utility

:~$ sudo mkdosfs -F 32 -I /dev/sdb1

Pull the USB out, then re-insert it. Perform an unmount once again.

:~$ sudo umount /dev/sdb1

Now label the device. Check to see if there is a label first:

:~$ sudo mlabel -i /dev/sdb1 -s ::

Next add a label

:~$ sudo mlabel -i /dev/sdb1 ::your_chosen_name

Keep in mind this assumes /dev/sdb1 is where the device is located at.
Also you may not have to pull the drive out and reinserted it. On my lenovo I had to pull it then reinsert it. On my dell I did not. I still do it anyways though.

GOOD LUCK, AND MAY THE FORCE BE WITH YOU!


How can I change the default directory for gnome-terminal without editing .bashrc?

If editing .bashrc is not an option, there are various alternatives:

1. Edit the Exec= line of your launcher:

Copy the global gnome-terminal.desktop file to ~/.local/share/applications

cp /usr/share/applications/gnome-terminal.desktop ~/.local/share/applications

Open the local copy with gedit:

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/gnome-terminal.desktop

Look up the first occurrence of the Exec= line, change it into:

Exec=gnome-terminal --working-directory=/path/to/your/directory

where the path needs to be a full path.
Either Log out and back in, or run source ~/.profile.

Now when you click on the launcher or run gnome-terminal from Dash, it will open a terminal in your directory. The right-click option will work as usual. Ctrl+Alt+T however will still take you to your home directory.

2. Create a new shortcut

Add the command gnome-terminal --working-directory=/path/to/your/directory to a shortcut key: choose: System Settings > "Keyboard" > "Shortcuts" > "Custom Shortcuts". Click the "+" and add the command:

gnome-terminal --working-directory=/path/to/your/directory

Use full path here.

3. Add a quicklist -item to your gnome-terminal launcher.

Copy the global .desktop file locally and open the local copy, as in [1.]
Look for the line:

Actions=New;

Change it into (in my example)

Actions=New;Open terminal in Documenten;

To the very end of the file, add a section:

[Desktop Action Open terminal in Documenten]
Name=Open terminal in Documenten
Exec=gnome-terminal --working-directory=/home/jacob/Documenten
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

4. Change the functionality of Ctrl+Alt+T

If you'd insist on using the shortcut Ctrl+Alt+T to open the terminal, first disable the current shortcut, by running the command:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys terminal ""

This will make the shortcut Ctrl+Alt+T available as a custom shortcut. Then add the command

gnome-terminal --working-directory=/path/to/your/directory

to Ctrl+Alt+T. Again: use a full path here.


Apache 301 redirection from one domain to another

You need to negate the match. Try this:

RewriteCond ${HTTP_HOST} !^www\.guidedescommercesdebeauce\.com$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.guidedescommercesdebeauce.com$1 [R=301,QSA,L]

Notice the exclamation mark in the RewriteCond. Note also that this will force a single canonical domain name. I'm assuming this is what you want. If not, then you'll have to enumerate the domain names to be redirected. In that case, be sure to add [OR] to the end of the RewriteCond.

I've also added [QSA] to your flags. That way, any query string that might exist will be preserved.

Finally, you are strongly urged to read the mod_rewrite documentation carefully, as it has answers to this and many other questions.


mpd: Failed to read mixer for 'My ALSA Device': no such mixer control: PCM

@CL was right; alsa was working but mpd was not.

I discovered that if I switched to the home folder of the mpd user (export HOME=/var/log/mpd), the aplay commands (e.g. sudo -u mpd aplay /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav) would no longer work.

More Googling until I found http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1138454

The solution was sudo apt-get remove pulseaudio.  Once that was done, everything was working again.


When opening new terminal window, how to tell it to open full screen?

You can create or modify your shortcut with the following command:

gnome-terminal --window --maximize

Which will force it to open maximized.


Laptop keyboard stops working after x2x install and use

If anyone runs into this problem it turns out I accidentally hit NumLock on the keyboard that was ssh'd into my mac. Hitting numlock again fixed the issue. I'm not a smart man...


How to find and replace multiple strings in multiple html files?

You can place multiple sed expressions into a file, and apply them using the -f option:

-f script-file, --file=script-file

       add the contents of script-file to the commands to be executed

Ex. given

$ cat > file
The cat sat on the mat.
The parrot chewed on a carrot.
The fish was just a fish.

then

$ cat > sedfile
s/cat/dog/g
s/parrot/monkey/g
s/fish/tiger/g

$ sed -f sedfile file
The dog sat on the mat.
The monkey chewed on a carrot.
The tiger was just a tiger.


Is there a log which records the creation of directories?

There is no general log for the home folder that details when files and folders were created; the system logs record a number of things, including when software is installed, and often a hidden folder is created in the home folder when you add software, so you might be able to infer when that was created and where it came from by looking at the system logs.

On your system, files and folders are not marked with the time they were created; as you can see below with the stat command only the access (atime), modify (mtime) and inode change times (ctime) are listed.

Full output from stat ~/Downloads:

  File: `/home/mike/Downloads'
  Size: 53248       Blocks: 104        IO Block: 4096   directory
Device: 801h/2049d  Inode: 6291653     Links: 38
Access: (0755/drwxr-xr-x)  Uid: ( 1000/    mike)   Gid: ( 1000/    mike)
Access: 2012-08-20 11:54:35.024905317 +0100
Modify: 2012-08-20 11:54:33.980904809 +0100
Change: 2012-08-20 11:54:33.980904809 +0100
 Birth: -

You can use fuser to see what processes are accessing which folders; for example, to view those processes related to your overall home folder, enter:

fuser -v /home/mike

If you are concerned that something unauthorised is accessing your home folder I should take a look at the suggestions I made here in this article about searching for files having been modified by a person who is not your user.

Some programs create logs and these might log their activities, but they can be difficult to search as a whole without going through your entire home folder. If you want to monitor yourself you could install some software that logs and monitors everything you do.

If you want to monitor and record to file everything typed into your interactive bash terminal (including mkdir commands), you could put this clever use of the trap command into your .bashrc.


Is it possible to replace the .config folder in a live iso?

Ok to answer my own question. looks like the folder I was looking for is /etc/skel. and as for what this directory does:

  The /etc/skel directory contains files and directories that are automatically copied over to a new user's home directory when such user is created by the useradd program.

more information can be found here


Are you using the USB-C port for DP video?  That would explain why you are not seeing a USB 3.x hub.
USB-C has three relatively independent connections within it, there's power, USB 2.0, and the four "superspeed" data lanes.  The four superspeed data lanes can be split into two pairs for USB 3.x and DP video or, if more bandwidth is needed than two superspeed data lanes can provide then all four can be used for DP video.  If all four superspeed data lanes are used for video then... no USB 3.x for you.
If you need that USB 3.x hub in the display to work then maybe lowering the resolution can get it to work.  I doubt it since once it detects use of USB-C for video it likely switches all USB-C superspeed lanes for video use.  Another way that is far more likely to work is to use a separate cable for video, using the DP or HDMI ports for video instead of USB-C.  By using a separate cable for video the display should switch the USB-C port into USB 3.x mode and enable the USB hub in the display to bring USB 3.x signals to the USB-A ports.
It is pretty standard from what I've seen for 4K displays to not offer USB 3.x data on any downstream USB ports if connected by USB-C.  There's only so much bandwidth on USB-C cables and 4K video takes a lot of bandwidth, there's likely not enough room for both 4K video and USB 3.x.  Close examination of the user manual should prove or disprove my theory.


Saving preferences & data before doing clean install of Ubuntu 18.04

Make sure to have copies of .mozilla and .thunderbird, the two hidden directories in the home folder that hold the profiles of Firefox and Thunderbird respectively.

To see the hidden files, use the Ctrl+H shortcut.


Though am deaf to sound on any devices in the world here, I know how this works on Ubuntu. This is because of missing libraries:

Easy work-around can work it out:

  sudo apt-get update

  sudo apt-get install synaptic (the debian-package manager with enough packages)

  sudo apt-get install --reinstall amarok rhythmbox --fix-missing

  sudo reboot

In case still no sound you should not be frightened by upgrade-suggestion to Ubuntu 15.04.03 (LTS3) only when there is a window popping up, but this is not a must. Only if wished and if necessary then do in the end :

  sudo apt-get install dist-upgrade (takes longer time)

In case of still-no-sound ... let me know, and I adjust this thread.


perhaps you can try the python script found here. It uses the google translate API.

Edit: seems that that api is a paid service now. Maybe you can use the oneliner from commandlinefu

 translate(){ wget -qO- "http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/services/language/translate?v=1.0&q=$1&langpair=$2|${3:-en}" | sed 's/.*"translatedText":"\([^"]*\)".*}/\1\n/'; }

Edit 2: try using libtranslate-bin available from the repositories

example usage:

 echo "hello" | translate-bin -f en -l

and to use google translate:

 echo "what are you doing" | translate-bin -s google -f en -t fr

and to convert kanji to romaji

echo "what are you doing" | translate-bin -s google -f en -t ja | iconv -f utf8 -t eucjp | kakasi -i euc -w | kakasi -i euc -Ha -Ka -Ja -Ea -ka


Is /etc/sudoers file only suppose to have read only permissions?

Yes, /etc/sudoers is supposed to have those permissions, being read-only for user and group, nothing else. The reason being that you aren't supposed to edit the sudoers file directly, but by using the visudo wrapper, which provides some sanity checking before writing a new sudoers file.

You can control what editor visudo uses by setting the VISUAL alt. EDITOR environment variable.

$ sudo EDITOR=emacs visudo


I think you have unmatched quotations, and Ubuntu is awaiting the closure. I see that the closing quotation is different. If you just copy pasted that might explain why.


I found this on the Ubuntu Wiki - should get your pointed in the right direction.


Meaning of: Identity added: .ssh/example_rsa ((null))

Running

ssh -i ~/.ssh/example_rsa root@xxxxxxxxx

never prints

Identity added: .ssh/example_rsa ((null))

It would get print if you have run:

ssh-add ~/.ssh/example_rsa

The null means comment from the identity file (source). Your private key can have stored comment to easier distinguish between various keys:

fprintf(stderr, "Identity added: %s (%s)\n", filename, comment);


wireless pcmcia rtl8085L will not connect after entering Key

The chip is supported out-of-the-box by Ubuntu. Unfortunately WPA isn't possible with this driver.

Therefore you will need to go with the Windows driver of Realtek and use ndiswrapper to get going. Canonical has an official documentation on how to setup Ubuntu to work with a RTL8180L chip

Here are the steps to install it copied from the above link:

Install following packages: ndiswrapper-common ndiswrapper-utils-1.8 ndisgtk wpasupplicant network-manager network-manager-gnome.
Find a binary driver for Windows 98 Second Edition on Realtek site and download it.
Unpack downloaded zip file to /opt (root privileges might be required).
Disable open-source driver (it will conflict with closed source). Open /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist file with text editor (eg. with gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist). Then add the following two lines to the end of the list:

blacklist r818x
blacklist ieee80211_rtl

Go to System->Adminsitration->Windows Wireless Drivers and install downloaded driver. More about installing ndiswrapper here
Use Network Manager to configure access to your WPA protected network.


grub rescue shows every time I open the pc

When you merged the partitions you (technically) changed their layout/locations on disk and Grub hasn't yet been updated to see their new locations. This can be manually fixed using:

sudo update-grub

This should update the configuration files. Sometimes when making significant changes to the partition layout (usually when adding or removing an entire disk) you may need to also run this command:

sudo grub-install some_device_name

In your case (hd0,msdos6) likely means some_device_name would be /dev/sda but it technically depends on how the disk is connected, such as via SATA cable, NVME, etc. or if your disk has encryption enabled via LUKS.


On this server, there are no packages for Quantal more. Update your Ubuntu installation. Update at least to Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.

In your case, download Eclipse here and then follow this  or use the new Eclipse Installer


Asterisk not playing custom sounds on Ubuntu Server 11.04

Asterisk is looking in the wrong place for the recordings. You can fix this with:

mv /usr/local/share/asterisk/sounds /usr/local/share/asterisk/sounds.old

followed by

ln -s /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/custom /usr/local/share/asterisk/sounds
chown -R asterisk:asterisk /usr/local/share/asterisk/
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/share/asterisk/

I found this here: http://www.freepbx.org/forum/freepbx/installation/ivr-not-working


How do I Set Up my Edimax BR-6428nS Wireless Router

I'll assume you have just bought the router and are trying to set it up. You do not need the source code you downloaded, it is already installed on the router. They just make it available so that they are complying with the open source licensing.

Connect your computer to the router using an ethernet cable, you should have got one in the box.
Open a web browser. Probably firefox.
Type '192.168.2.1' in the address bar and press enter.
The user is 'admin' and the password is '1234'. Click enter.

You are now connected to the router and need to enter all the correct settings depending on your ISP and connection type. The best thing to do is (on a computer with a working internet connection) google something like 'ISP router settings' where ISP is the name of your ISP. When you have the details you can follow this guide from page 24.


Gnome-session-fall-back unity not working

Are the packages installed? They should be in the Software center, or Synaptic, or aptitiude or apt-get

I think the Gnome one is called gnome-session-flashback now, but there should be a gnome-session-fallback transitional package available too.

And the LXDE metapackage is just called lxde

I think they should be available to choose when you log in next. If they're not, then checking what login manager is running & it's settings is next


The search location for the time zones is encoded in the C library (where the various time zone aware functions are found):

$ strings -a /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 | grep zoneinfo
/usr/share/zoneinfo

The C library code makes use of this directory as a preprocessor #define, so there is no routine to ask what value it was compiled with.

If you need to parse the the time zone data yourself (as opposed to using the few C library routines available), then hard coding /usr/share/zoneinfo should be fine: if your target platforms follow the Linux File System Hierarchy, you should be safe.

If you are only interested in the local time zone, read /etc/localtime, which will be a copy of the relevant file from /usr/share/zoneinfo.


Having trouble connecting through RDP to Ubuntu 14.04 LTS instance

I have experienced the same issue and for the longest time I was unsuccessful getting my Ubuntu to work like my Hyper-V 2008 R2 RDP to Win7, Win8 worked.
In fact, I was so MS over the whole thing I never thought I'd get my Tablet using aRDP to connect with my RDP Services running on Server 2008 R2.

But, thanks to this post and several others I put together my simple guide to MS people going Ubuntu.

Required reading:
You probably also know that since the introduction of Unity Desktop Interface in Ubuntu you need to tweak the configuration in order to have it working. The most annoying part while using xrdp (with Ubuntu) is the fact that you have to install an alternate desktop environment.

Resource: Griffon's IT Library running what was suggested in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS xrdp grey screen

Loaded up Ubuntu 14.04 following the instructions from Griffon's IT Library then the magical line in terminal

sudo gedit

to open gedit in root edit mode

make the changes as suggested in the link Ubuntu 14.04 LTS xrdp grey screen and you now have something to work with.

THE FIX: edit /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh (as grahaml44 wrote)

#. /etc/X11/Xsession

. /usr/bin/startxfce4

Thanks grahaml44 for that fix.

Score one for those that know!

Now for Round two, I'm not done, we're finally getting things working. Let's push it to make 4 VM's in less that 20 minutes work remotely.
I have an addiction with my tablet to switch desktops very often while in the company of iPad users.

Using Griffon's IT Library once again (almost have an IT Crush) we find ourselves following yet other Ask Ubuntu members (Thanks again!!).

ubuntu 14.04 xrdp grey it was the post by "Nobody" and "abrasadera"

If you look at what Eric Gosh posted you'll see that the gnome-session just isn't going to work. I agree and my attempts which all failed confirm it.

So there you have it, two methods 100% Yes they work and verified by so many others and "Me".

What did you expect? Someone from Microsoft?

I've noticed you can create multiple sessions. I think I'm going to need a bigger server now.


Lubuntu 16.04 not accepting connections from outside of LAN

I've found the answer, the problem was just a faulty routing table. It preferred the wired network card over the Wi-fi card i was actually using.

so

route del -net 0.0.0.0 gw 192.168.0.2 netmask 0.0.0.0 dev enp0s10

did it for me.


12.04 is a Long Term Service (LTS) release, meaning that it is a stable version for which you will get package updates for a long period. By default you'll only get a notice for a release upgrade when a new LTS comes out; that will be 14.04, btw.

If you want to upgrade already to one of the intermediate releases the easiest way to do it is using the upgrade manager GUI. This guide walks you through the process.

The 32/64 bit thing refers to the CPU architecture, you can read more details at Wikipaedia, but in essence you have operating systems for both architectures. When you perform an Ubuntu upgrade you wont be changing this particular nature of the operating system.


error found when loading /etc/profile /etc/profile.d/01-locale-fix.sh

Switch to text terminal using <Ctrl>+<Alt>+<F5>, login to it and reinstall official package with needed /usr/bin/locale-check file by using command below:
sudo apt-get install --reinstall base-files=11ubuntu5.3

then reboot.


Can not install guest services ubuntu 14.04.1 for Vbox 4.3.22 r98236

The way I have always installed the Guest Additions is via VirtualBox itself. Once booted into Ubuntu, from the VirtualBox Devices menu select Insert Guest Additions CD Image. You should find a pop up box appears telling you there is runnable software on the CD - click Run to kick off the process.

If the popup box does not appear, click on the CD icon within Unity to open the drive and then click on the Run Software button that appears at the top right of the Window.

Good luck :)


How do I add UEFI Windows 10 to Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS legacy boot grub?

You don't. The disk partition table is either MBR (aka Legacy) or GPT (for use with UEFI).


Any way to use Skype without random crashes? Like another gui?

You can install the pidgin-skype package from the Ubuntu Software Centre which (despite the name) will allow you to use Skype in both Empathy (the Ubuntu default IM client) and Pidgin.

From the package description:

This plugin communicates with the Skype application in the background to perform its work, so it's necessary to have Skype installed and running. This product uses the Skype API but is not endorsed, certified or otherwise approved in any way by Skype.


How do you give two users access to a single dropbox folder?

I would create a new group, add both user accounts to that group and then set the directory's group recursively to that one and give it the read and write permissions for all files, then finally set it up that all new files and folders are automatically owned by the new group:

sudo addgroup newgroup
sudo adduser user1 newgroup
sudo adduser user2 newgroup
sudo chgrp -R newgroup /path/to/shared/folder
sudo chmod -R g+rw /path/to/shared/folder
sudo find /path/to/shared/folder -type d -exec chmod g+s {} +

The commands above assume that your two user accounts are user1 and user2, the new common group will get named newgroup and that the location of your files to share between the accounts is /path/to/shared/folder. Alter those to fit your situation.


Screenlets change position after restart

This should be fixed in Screenlets revision 742 (http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~screenlets-dev/screenlets/trunk/revision/742). If you install Screenlets from Dev PPA, you shouldn't have this problem any more.

To enable Development versions PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:screenlets-dev/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install screenlets


No network interface presented during install

Since you said you do not have a Cat5 connection port, at all, and that your device is wifi-only, I have to assume that you're using a wifi connection to connect to this 'bridge' (yes, these are called ethernet-to-wireless 'bridges' in some tech corners).

Therefore, I have to assume you are attempting to use Wifi to connect to this dongle/device.  If you are not using Ethernet and are instead trying a Wifi connection, then this answer still stands.

This said, if you are trying to use wifi-only, this device isn't going to work that way, it needs a LAN / Ethernet connection to work properly, so you are still stuck with the same problem.  (Even if you're trying to connect to a standard wifi network, too)

The Server installer ISO generally does not come equipped to work with wireless networks.  As such, you typically need to do a Server install with an Ethernet connection or a USB Ethernet adapter, then install network manager, its command line component, wpa2supplicant, and others.

As such, whether your wireless dongle is working or not, the Ubuntu Server ISO is typically not equipped to handle it.  You would need to do an Ubuntu Desktop install to install the system with a wifi adapter, as the Desktop ISOs come equipped with the requisite software (network manager, wpa2supplicant, etc.) to handle wifi connections.

You can, however, use the Desktop ISO to install Ubuntu, and then install Apache or whatever server-specific packages you wish to the OS afterwards.  This way, you can have all the GUI bits which will help handle Wifi (network manager, etc.), while also still running the server applications.

I personally have this as the case in certain types of hardware, so I can vouch that it works (though I typically prefer to run Server which doesn't have the GUI's overhead memory and resource costs if I'm running a server).


For SSH it might be better to use something different than pam there is a great solution made through iptables and the sshd_config file. This is only one way to get what you want, also based on documentation usually it is recommended to use SSH Keys instead of a password authentification method check https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SSH/OpenSSH/Configuring.

You would need to change the /etc/ssh/sshd_config adding the line

MaxAuthTries 1

You need to create the following firewall rules

Create a new chain

iptables -N SSHATTACK
iptables -A SSHATTACK -j LOG --log-prefix "Possible SSH attack! " --log-level 7
iptables -A SSHATACK -j DROP

Block each IP address for 120 seconds which establishe more than three connections within 120 seconds. In case of the forth connection attempt, the request gets delegated to the SSHATTACK chain, which is responsible for logging the possible ssh attack and finally drops the request.

iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp -m state --dport 22 --state NEW -m recent --set
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp -m state --dport 22 --state NEW -m recent --update --seconds 120 --hitcount 4 -j SSHATTACK

You can check the attempts made on the file /var/log/syslog.


LibreOffice crashes (or hangs) 12.10 and 13.04

I think this should be a raring ringtail bug because in one latptop Libreoffice works flawlessly, but in my computer it just behaves like the one Bob reported.

I had it reported in here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/libreoffice/+bug/1179755


The matlab executable should be located at:

/usr/local/MATLAB/R2019b/bin/matlab


Touchpad will ocassionally twitch when in use - synclient config fix?

Had this problem with a samsung touchpad a while back and I found the following worked.

common issues with touch pad being "twitchy" or doing strange things normally comes down to the pressure settings

the problem comes from the touch pad thinking there are 2 fingers so it causes a twitch.

the settings that normally cause this are

PressureMotionMinZ

PressureMotionMaxZ

PressureMotionMinFactor

PressureMotionMaxFactor

I found these were set to low which causes a resting finger to be detected and cause movement.

if that doesn't work then it might be due to the MinSpeed being to high which is causing the cursor to jump a large number of pixels from a resting finger.

To change settings enter

synclient PressureMotionMinZ=25

into your terminal and it should change the value.
all available variables can be found here

http://www.x.org/archive/X11R7.5/doc/man/man4/synaptics.4.html

just remember to commit your settings to the synaptics.conf when your done (or edit the values directly in your active conf file)


do i need to reinstall all my softwares after upgrading ubuntu 12.10 to 13.04?

Bottom line is that you will upgrade, some things will break, some things will need additional drivers. The video driver alone for me was 124 Meg alone, I'm sure on a slow connection that can take a few hours.

Don't upgrade, its not worth it UNLESS you have problems and hope it will fix them with an upgrade. But if your computer is working. Stay away, its just not worth it.


When I set the sysctl values with "sysctl -w " all work fine, but when I try to use the sysctl.conf file. the net settings will be ignored.

You should run sysctl -p for the effects to take change after editing sysctl.conf

From sysctl man page:

-p: Load in sysctl settings from the file specified or /etc/sysctl.conf if none given.


Nvidia driver break unity, gnome anything - even after uninstall

I have the same issue with AMD Radeon card. I tried all the solutions here but non of them worked for me, try them and see if they could solve your problem.


How to safely change username and hostname?

Changing the hostname

Change the hostname in the following two files:

/etc/hostname
/etc/hosts

(You'll need to use sudo to edit these files. Eg. sudo nano /etc/hostname)

Changing the username

First, set a password for root:

sudo su
passwd root

Then reboot the machine.  When you see the login screen, switch to a virtual terminal using CtrlAltF4.  Login with the username root and the password you set previously.

It's now safe to change the username using the following three steps:

Rename the user:

usermod -l newUsername oldUsername

Change the name of the user directory and all daughter directories to match the new username and update the filepaths:

mv /home/oldUsername* /home/newUsername*

Update the user database:

usermod -d /home/newUsername* -m newUsername


Ubuntu Linux 14.04 LTS Server Edition information need

As Linux runs most of the TOP 500 supercomputers you can be fairly sure that "normal" servers should not be a problem.


Google Music Manager stops downloading after a while

I've had this behaviour on a Windows 7 machine, in the Download tab cancel the download, then close music manager (or reboot your machine). Start up Music Manager again, go back to the download tab and start the download again to the same folder. It seems to start up again where is left off.

Note that I had previously tried just closing and starting Music Manager without cancelling the download and it made no difference, same with a reboot. Also cancelling and starting the download without restarting Music Manager in between also did nothing. Only cancelling, recycling Music Manager then restarting the download seemed to work.

This may not work in Ubuntu, but it's worth a shot.


You can't log in to the GUI as root as it is an astronomically bad thing to do. Log on as a normal user and use sudo <command> if you really require root privileges. I've been using various kinds of Unix and Linux for 20 years and never had to log on to the GUI as root.


Go to the folder where you saved your executable file.exe, right click > Open terminal here, then type the following in the terminal:
mono file.exe

If you need you can type mono --help for other options


12.10: two monitors; one works, one only displays solid color

Well, I installed the new X updates from Ubuntu, and it works fine now. Not sure what was fixed, but it's fixed.


Problem with upstart sessions: unable to granpt:Exec format error

I did have the same error message but with the mysql service :

init: Failed to spawn mysql pre-start process: unable to granpt: No such file or directory

It seems that it is caused by the /dev/pts not being mounted.

In my case mounting /dev/pts with that command fixed the problem :

mount devpts /dev/pts -t devpts

Yet I don't have any expertise to tell why /dev/pts is not mounted nor why it causes some service not being able to be started by upstart


ERROR: "Failed to save. Insufficient permissions." When trying to save changes in VS Code

It looks like you somehow changed file ownerships in your home directory.

One way to correct this without endangering your system is

sudo chown -c -R $USER:$USER $HOME

Explanation:

chown: change the ownership of files/directories
-c: report all changes
-R: do this recursively (for all files/directories beneath the given one)
$USER:$USER: change the owner and the group that owns the the entry to the user that issues the command (sudo preserves the values)
$HOME: do this with your home directory

You can test those environment variables with the following commands

echo $USER
sudo echo $USER
echo $HOME
sudo echo $HOME


HDMI to VGA adapter not working in Ubuntu

I think you have already found a solution by now.
I write anyway my experience for the community. :)
I can't tell the exact reason but the fact is that in RECENT notebooks (e.g. asus N552, GL552,...) it's quite difficult to let the hdmi-to-vga converter work. I spent a couple of suffering evenings to find a solution. What I found out is that the cause is INDEED THE ADAPTER.
The most part of amazon/supermarket adapters don't work (although they are suitable for sure for less new models!!).
I found only one working item :
https://www.amazon.it/gp/product/B00R7UKPCE/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o01_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1
Another solution is using the DP-to-vga converter instead.
I show both the items in the  picture below.
Hope to be helpful. Wait for feedback...


May I suggest that you run the command
cat /etc/network/interfaces

This will show the contents of the interfaces file. It should read

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

If there is anything else in this file then edit it out by this command
gksudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

This will open the interfaces file in gedit with sudo permissions. So you can edit the file and save it. I had to do this once when I somehow got wlan0:avahi as the wireless connection and I could not remove it any other way. You may need to re-start and then Network manager will do its stuff.
Regards.


Is it possible to login by voice recognition?

No, with the current set of software for Ubuntu, it is not possible to login by voice.

There is no software to allow you to do this. Voice recognition is still a very new and imperfect technology. Everyone can agree it would be cool and high-tech to walk up to your computer, say something, have it say "Access Granted" and log us in. But right now, we can only dream.

To create a secure voice login would require an extraordinary amount of computer power to accurately analyze the voice. Apple's Siri sends the data to servers to have them report back what was said, because it does not have the power to do it on it's own.

However, I think it would be extremely cool and is a great idea. If you would like to get the ball rolling, head over to http://brainstorm.ubuntu.com site and start the discussion there. You'll get feedback from lots of people including Ubuntu developers, and there if enough people think it's a good idea it'll happen.


Will a Virus or Malware inside a User Account or Guest Account Affect the Entire Ubuntu System?

One note before I start:
I talk about theoretical threats, not about actually existing and widespread pieces of malware.

As long as you operate an account without admin and sudo privilege and infect it by e.g. installing (manually or automatically behind your back, after clicking somewhere you shouldn't have clicked) a malware program to your home folder, this infection should stay limited to this account.

I say should, because:

an admin user could launch the infected file from his account as root and infect the machine this way.
the malware could infect portable devices (USB sticks etc.) mounted by the user, and then get spread on other machines or other user accounts on the same machine, when you mount it with another user later.
the malware could spread itself over the network, infect another machine in your LAN and then infect the admin account when it's logged on next time and connects to the other infected computer.
there are various known possibilities how an application could bypass the restrictions. This is called "privilege escalation", which means that the application runs with higher privileges than allowed/intended due to exploited software bugs, too permissive file system permissions, etc ...
As Ubuntu comes with a sudo timeout > 0s, you are not required to enter your sudo password multiple times within a short time period (by default 15 minutes, if I remember right?) to run several commands as root, but just get prompted once for the first one. If the malware now overwrote a file for which the infected user has write access (enters a command to run itself as root using sudo) and you later run the file without using sudo, but within the timeout, you don't even notice that there's something going on with elevated privileges.
probably more...

You see, most chances for the malware to infect the whole machine require user interaction and/or depend on how strictly one keeps his accounts, computers and pluggable drives separated.

The bugs allowing privilege escalations are usually quickly fixed after the developers learn about them, but in the time between the discovery of a bug through malicious hackers and the release of a fix, new malware could bypass the user restrictions exploiting the bug.

Conclusion:

Most malware is probably not capable of elevating its privileges and getting root access to infect your entire machine, unless you manually grant it by entering your sudo password in the wrong input box. That means behaving carefully and thinking about every command you run twice (especially if other users have write permissions on a file you want to execute) should protect you pretty well.

However, there's never 100% security, because malware developers are often one step ahead of the software programmers responsible for bug fixes and security patches.


LightDM not responding to XDMCP requests 12.04 LTS

I also have exactly the same problem, on Ubuntu 13.04 instead. I found if I swtich to wdm, the XDMCP problem is solved, but Unity doesn't work with WDM.

You need to have this line modified as following, in /etc/X11/wdm/wdm-config

DisplayManager.requestPort: 177

And this line modified as following in /etc/X11/wdm/Xservers
:0 local /usr/bin/X :0 vt7

I think this is because Unix is evolving (I call it regressing). Anyway I don't think anyone care about XDMCP on lightdm, especially since Unity moved to 3D. It's about time you choose your wagon.

P.S. vnc simply is far less performant than X11-over-tcp, I know.


Building Ubuntu server from source on very old hardware?

the best recomondation I can give you is to use the Ubuntu Server 12.04.2 LTS select the 32 bit version. You will not have anything as far as Xorg the only thing you will have is just the kernal and the demons that is needed along with whatever you whant to install. you might whant to take a look at this guide it will give you step by set instructions on installing and setting up Ubuntu server.


Open a terminal and execute the following commands :
To open the terminal on desktop press Ctrl+Alt+T.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install unity

Or ... perform the commands from a virtual console.
To access the virtual console press Ctrl+Alt+F1.

Enter user name and password and then execute the commands.
After the installation is finished - I recommend to restart the PC.

sudo reboot

Update - addressing your follow up LXDE question :
When the login screen appears select Unity and log in.
If you want to uninstall the LXDE desktop - execute :

sudo apt-get purge lxde


Juju not seeing the MaaS slaves... at least not after some time?

This was a bug in that version of Juju (0.5) - the problem does not occur in newer versions.


I ended up doing something supremely lame - but it works!  I unchecked "Put notes on all workspaces" in the preferences, then dragged each note so that it hung over the edge to another workspace.  Change over to the next workspace, and keep dragging the note until it's all on this space.  Shampoo, rinse, repeat - I left the 1 note I care about on workspace #1 and moved the rest to #2.

[The dragging is because w/o a proper menu bar, I didn't see a way to right-click and "move to workspace right" for the notes.]


numkeypad not working on dell n5110 after installing 13.04

Might be worth checking System Settings/Universal Access/Pointing and Clicking to see if Mouse Keys have been turned on. Specifically, make sure that "Control the pointer using the keypad" is turned off.


disable message laptop battery critically low

If you prefer a GUI method, can use Dconf Editor to search for and edit the following keys.

Otherwise, on the command line, execute the following. (In this example, I've set everything to zero, but you can use different values, if you like).

# The percentage of the battery when it is considered low.
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power percentage-low 0

# The percentage of the battery when it is considered critical.
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power percentage-critical 0

# The percentage of the battery when the critical action is performed.
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power percentage-action 0

# The time remaining in seconds of the battery when it is considered low.
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power time-low 0

# The time remaining in seconds of the battery when it is considered critical.
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power time-critical 0

# The time remaining in seconds of the battery when critical action is taken.
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power time-action 0

By the way, you can set if Gnome uses battery remaining (in percentage) or time (in seconds) to notify you. The settings above will cover both cases. If the following value is set to false, percentage is used; the default is true, which means Gnome will use time to notify you.

# If time based notifications should be used.
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power use-time-for-policy true


Put the disk in your computer
Turn your computer off
Turn it on again
It should now boot from the disk. You can test-drive Ubuntu without installing it, or install it.


I chain load Chameleon via GRUB to launch OSX on my hackintosh.

First off download and extract the Chameleon boot loader. Then copy the file i386/boot0 from the extracted archive to the directory /boot/chameleon/ (it will need to be created). Now to create the custom GRUB menu entry edit the file /etc/grub.d/40_custom and below the hashes add:

menuentry "OSX (Chameleon)" {
insmod part_gpt
insmod hfsplus

#osx root drive
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 8feaok1cd8ed7b3f
#linux boot drive, contains boot loader
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=linux_root 914jk9f9-54ed-46d0-b360-d9cf8a479a39

chainloader ($linux_root)/boot/chameleon/boot0
}

You will need to change the UUID's to match that of your partitions containing OSX and Linux. To find the UUID of your OSX partition use the command (change /mnt/osx to where your OSX partition is mounted):

sudo grub-probe -t fs_uuid  /mnt/osx

and to find the UUID of your Linux root partition use

sudo grub-probe -t fs_uuid  /

After you have configured the custom menu entry run the following command to update GRUB:

sudo update-grub

Now reboot your system and you will have a entry in your GRUB boot menu to boot to OSX.


Broadcom Wifi BCM4318 [Airforce one54g] does not connect

Do:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source

sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

sudo modprobe b43


How big is your swap? System may crash when hybernate because swap size is smaller than RAM size, so kubuntu can't copy it there.


Unable to dual boot in dell xps 14 with windows 8/8.1

I also have same problem with my HP envy.i founded some way to do that.but it didn't work with me.but try it.

1.use earlier version (i used 12.04)

2.use 32 bit version of ISO

3.format USB in NTFS

4.disable fast-startup

5.Enable legacy boot on BIOS(don't know whether it has in dell)


Can I view text files i've synced to Ubuntu One online?

You should be able to open the file from any device by visiting the Ubuntu One website and simply clicking the file. Also, if you want others to be able to read it, you can Publish the file. Then it'll get a normal URL that you can use to access the content.


Unable to install ubuntu 14.04 on my laptop having windows 7

If it's a newer one that uses UEFI, disable secure boot and set it to legacy mode. This should resolve any issues you have, as it'll then act like a BIOS. All Wubi does is add a disk image containing Ubuntu, an "mbr" file containing GRUB, and a boot entry in BCD.

If it uses a BIOS, then perhaps your issue is with the administrator privileges. Give Wubi admin and try again.

Hope this helps.


Ubuntu 12.04 64 bit "unable to find medium with live filesystem" AFTER normal install

If you have two drives, one for Windows (lets call it sdX) and one for Ubuntu (call it sdY, the SSD), then the easiest way to get both working is:

Install GRUB in sdY (the SSD with Ubuntu).
Change boot order in BIOS to boot first from the sdY (the SSD with
Ubuntu) drive.
Boot Ubuntu and open a terminal by pressing
Ctrl+Alt+T and type sudo
update-grub

The last step should find the Windows in the sdX and update Grub accordingly and from next boot,you should be able to choose between Ubuntu and Windows.

Based on comments below: This looks like UEFI problem. Try BIOS legacy mode (as opposed to EFI). However, this may make Windows unbootable or worse, install both Windows and Ubuntu again. Use caution.


Installation PROBLEM : Dual-boot with windows 7 on Vaio Z

Here are some suggestions to combat a failed installation...

Unreliable Internet Connection or Behind a Proxy?
Make sure you are not connected to the Internet and try the installation again. I have found that Ubuntu will often fail when the Internet connection is week or from behind a proxy server (like at a school or business).

Bad Installation Media?
Formating the USB flash drive or optical disc, download a fresh copy of Ubuntu 14.04, check the MD5 sum (for Windows, download this, and for Ubuntu see this guide), and write the new verfied ISO file to the freshly formatted drive or disk using UNetbootin.

Bad Hard Disk?
If you get the same message, you may have a bad hard disk. You can check this by booting to the USB drive and opening the Disk utility program. Select your hard drive, click the gear in the upper right corner, and select "SMART Data & Self Tests..." to see diagnostic info.


ubuntu 13.4 not booting up/ will installing ubuntu from usb erase what i have

During the update it froze froze and i thought it would get going normally for a bit so > i went to sleep but when i awoke it was still frozen. i turned it off and on and when it > says ubuntu then it loads it just takes me to black screen with a " _ " flashing.

That's not good, not good at all. The good news is that the kernel isn't panicking which means that you could probably fix this issue with enough work. The bad news is I have no idea what is broken. It could be an easy fix or it could be a multi hour long slug fest and still not have a working computer.

  I have a bootable ubuntu 13.10 usb which i tried and it worked. so my
  question is will i have to install ubuntu again and will it erase all
  my other stuff and could i fix the flashing _

If you install from the usb key it will delete your stuff from your previous install. If you have back ups of your files and don't have anything you need on your computer you can just do a fresh install of 13.10 and get back to a working computer. Otherwise you can either try fixing your problem or just recovering the files on your computer.

I would recommend just installing 13.10 if you were planning on upgrading to it anyways. It sounds like you are not an technical savvy user and trying to fix your old install will just lead to head-aches.


Wired connection fails after ethernet was unplugged and plugged back in

Full reset of the router solved the problem. When turning it off and on again doesn't work, try a factory reset.

This question on ServerFault has other suggestions to try in these situations

  Server becomes unreachable and comes back up on its own (most likely a network issue)


Did the upgrade kill my computer, or is this just a horrible coincidence?

The issue sounds like a hardware problem to me and you can try to disconnect the HDD and you will probably see the system still failing at the memory test.  I have a few questions and suggestions:

Can you somehow bypass this my hitting ESCAPE or ENTER to get past the test?

Can you enter the BIOS? If so, try to reset it to the fail-safe configuration.

Something might be conflicting with BIOS RAM detection so try MemTest86. You can get it, from their site and make a bootable Cd or a floppy. Twelve to twenty four hours of testing proves your memory good or bad. Or you could try a process of elimination by removing all but 1 stick of Ram and see if it will post then - IF not remove that one and try another one - IF one of them works then go into BIos and check the Voltage and timing settings and save. Turn off the system and try the other sticks adding one at a time. - It doesn't need all of them to fail in order to stop posting so it may just be any one of the sticks or it could be the settings


Download: http://www.tcts.fpms.ac.be/synthesis/mbrola/bin/pclinux/mbr301h.zip
Copy text to run in terminal line by line:

cd Downloads
unzip mbr301h.zip
sudo cp mbrola-linux-i386 /usr/bin/mbrola

Download: http://www.tcts.fpms.ac.be/synthesis/mbrola/dba/en1/en1-980910.zip
Copy text to run in terminal line by line:

unzip en1-980910.zip
cp en1/en1 /usr/share/mbrola/en1

Now run espeak, with options

espeak -v mb-en1 "Hello world"

Nice, but it seems he is reading too fast, try:

espeak -v mb-en1 -s 120 "Hello world"


It is very rough at this point, but the evolution-ews plugin partially works with MS 365. It should be available in the same repo you use to get evolution-mapi. This isn't a 100% solution, but it (for me) is better than the DavMail solution or using WINE/VM/Firefox.


Since you use zsh I'm not sure, but a common file to make changes to PATH is the ~/.profile file. ~/.profile is sourced by the DM and a PATH change made there ought to be effective in the whole session.


You can boot your computer with a Linux on live USB. Then use the gparted utility to resize your Linux partition and prepare the rest of the disk so you can install Windows on it.


How can I synchronize podcasts using Ubuntu One?

Locate the files you wish to  sync
Then, via ln -s you can link them into your Ubuntu One Folder.
For example: I want to link 123.txt in my home folder to my Ubuntu One:

ln -s /home/name/123.txt /home/name/"Ubuntu One"

It is "Ubuntu One" and not just without " because there is an space in the folder name.

In your case it is the opposite way, as you want the files to be stored in your Ubuntu One:

ln -s /home/name/"Ubuntu One"/Podcasts /home/name/Podcasts

Do this on every computer you want to sync with


This issue was resolved by updating latest kernel. Basically this is a kernel issue. Updating kernel will not only resolve this issue but also resolve issue of wireless network and booting issue. It will also resolve boot screen stuck issue and terminal stuck issue
Follow below steps to update your kernel in Ubuntu 17.10:

Navigate to below URL:
http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.13.10/
and download all five kernel release in a single directory given below (For intelx64 & Amdx64 systems only):

linux-headers-4.13.10-041310_4.13.10-041310.201710270531_all.deb
  linux-headers-4.13.10-041310-generic_4.13.10-041310.201710270531_amd64.deb
  linux-headers-4.13.10-041310-lowlatency_4.13.10-041310.201710270531_amd64.deb
  linux-image-4.13.10-041310-generic_4.13.10-041310.201710270531_amd64.deb
  linux-image-4.13.10-041310-lowlatency_4.13.10-041310.201710270531_amd64.deb

Install using below command:
$ cd /path/to/folder/where/you/put/the/debs
$ sudo dpkg -i *.deb
Now reboot your system and boot with latest kernel at the time of system startup using boot menu.

This will definitely resolve your issue. Cheers :)


Refer to location /usr/lib/jvm and find the 32-bit folder by reading its docs and readme etc.
Then remove the folder of 32-bit Java version. you must have to be root to remove.

Also remove the environement variable path of 32-bit Java, type env at Terminal and see JAVA_HOME and similar to this one.
For example if you want to remove JAVA_HOME_32, you would type at terminal with root permission.

env --unset=JAVA_HOME_32


It's just a zoom out shortcut. I was able to solve the problem by holding Ctrl and scrolling with the mouse wheel. Ctrl + Scroll Up to Zoom Out and Ctrl + Scroll Down to Zoom In.


Why is pip throwing error while installing packages?

As Nomi Shaw suggested, your problem seems to be a weak internet connection.
Also, please do not install third party packages into the global python interpreter by directly using pip or pip3.
Please, create and activate a virtual environment first.
RealPython.com has an excellent article about the why and the how:
https://realpython.com/python-virtual-environments-a-primer/


How do I switch the keyboard layout so that the Apple key is CTRL and the ~ works correctly?

There are two ways you can accomplish this task: The first way it GUI based, using:

Open Applications > System Tools > Configuration Editor
Then apps > metacity > global_keybindings in the tree view

This should enable you to modify your key values as long as you stay within the acceptable syntax.

The alternate way to edit your keybindings is by directly editing the gconf.xml files:

$HOME/.gconf/apps/metacity/gloabl-keybindings/%gconf.xml
$HOME/.gconf/apps/metacity/keybinding_commands/%gconf.xml

You can find more information at http://gnome-hacks.jodrell.net/hacks.html?id=14


How to set up IPv6 with netplan on Ubuntu 18.04?

I also have a Dedibox server from Online.net.

After searching the web I find this on twitter

Try the following :

network:
version: 2
renderer: networkd
ethernets:
  eno1:
    dhcp4: yes
    dhcp6: no
    addresses:
    - 2001:bc8:xxx:100::/56

This worked for me and now I'm able to ping6 !


Install "pulseaudio  volume control"  from software center then launch it from multimedia menu
Select output device tab, Scroll down to display the second device (usb audio) .
Click "set as fallback" button to set it as default device, uncheck "mute" button , increase volume using the fader, maybe you will hear sound.


Just installed some updates for Ubuntu 14.04 LTS on Vmware, now desktop won't show

I have the same issue with a physical Ubuntu 14 system.

As a workaround, try running unity from the dollar prompt, which worked for me. (You may need to get a text login via Crtl-Alt-F1 - if so, switch back via Alt-F7)


I solved it! Apparently what you need to do is download xdotool and then add the following command:

bash -c 'sleep 0.3 && xdotool key U00e1'

This executes a bash command that waits 0.3 seconds and then inputs the key U00e1 in Unicode (in this case this is á). You can change the sleep time and the Unicode symbol you want to enter.


How risky is it to disable security-policy enforcement before installing a driver?

In lack of any better answers, I've concluded that it's a bad idea to disable security policies unless one really understands or trusts the process. This might mean something cannot be installed or an alternative method is necessary.

In this case, I eventually managed to avoid using aa-complain by not using the Brother script that required this; instead, I manually installed the individual drivers and applied the changes that the script would do automatically (not describing the process here because it's not directly relevant to the question).


How to Extract Hostname from Ansible Playbook Run

You can use someting like this:

#!/bin/bash

file="result.log"

changed=`grep -Po "changed=\K\d+" $file`
unreachable=`grep -Po "unreachable=\K\d+" $file`
failed=`grep -Po "failed=\K\d+" $file`

if [ $changed -ge 1 -a $unreachable -eq 0 -a $failed -eq 0 ]
 then
  cut -s -f1 -d: $file | tr -s ' '
fi

First we extract all necessary values then we compare them with your desired ones, if they where match we print out the host name.

grep -Po "changed=\K\d+ returns the number in front of "changed"
IF statement:

$changed -ge 1 if changed is greater that equal "1"
-a and
$unreachable -eq 0 unreachable was equal to "0"
-a and
$failed -eq 0 failed was equal to "0", Then:

cut -s -f1 -d: $file | tr -s ' ' prints the hostname


system reboots while installing Ubuntu alongside Windows 8.1 Pro

Congratulations! You have done all the steps correctly from creating USB till getting into installation menu.

Regarding your point 4, If you have open installation menu (wubi) inside windows then it will not work as wubi have been somewhat disabled to provide you safety and it will reboot. Then when you enter into the installation of ubuntu from boot menu, there you will be able use the option to "install ubuntu along side windows" and it should work fine.

Now moving forward especially, regarding to your point 3 and 5. You may have shrinked the partition to create the unallocated space that's why the partition is not showing up.

It may also be the reason that you may more partition drives in Ubuntu (14.04). If you use the option of "something else" you may see that that there are 4 lines (partitions) and according to my knowledge it can not be increased.
So, if the problem persists you may try to reduce the partitions.

You can also have a look at this question and answer to get some more info.:
Installing Ubuntu Alongside a Pre-Installed Windows with UEFI

Update (based on new info.):

The Unallocated partition is not a partition, and is a space to let create a partition. Follow the answer to resolve this issue.

You need to create partition in Ubuntu (through 'Something Else' option). Click on the + (plus)icon in the menu that shows up. This will show that short menu to create partition. Type the size, (although it seems you want to use whole "unallocated" partition into Ubuntu. If yes, click on the plus button on the right side, just to be sure that the whole Unallocated partition is being used. If it does not increase then the whole Unallocated space is being shown. Note: 1Gb = 1024 MB).

Now in the Type of partition, select Primary.  In Use as, select Ext4. And in Mount point select "/" (it indicates root, and is somewhat like C: drive in windows).

Now you should be able to see the Partition you want and can continue the installation process.

Looking forward to hear good news regarding successful installation from you.


Use the intended way and write the options and aliases into ~/.ssh/config:

Host 1
  Port 12345
  User my_user
  HostName 123.123.123.1

Host 2
  Port 12345
  User my_user
  HostName 123.123.123.2

and so on...

And then connect just using

ssh 1
ssh 2
...


To send an attachment in Thunderbird, just press Ctrl + N for a new message window, then Shift + Ctrl + A to attach a file:

To send a link to the file in Ubuntu One, you have to publish it, then copy the link into the email.

Open Nautilus and find the file you previously uploaded, then right click it and select Ubuntu One -> Publish. Wait a moment for the file to publish, then right-click the same file and select Ubuntu One -> Copy Web Link

Now, compose your email and insert the link to the file Ctrl + L then Ctrl + V.

One other way to get the link is to log in to Ubuntu One in the web browser and find the file. Click on 'More' to the right of it, and publish & copy the public link that way.

Source

There are many cloud services you can use, the instructions are slightly different for each. If you are not using Ubuntu One then edit your question with the name of the cloud service (Dropbox, etc) for a more specific answer.


Compiling software generated with an old version of Qt Designer

The error message is telling you that the program depends on an outdated version of Qt Designer (3.3). In theory, that is fixable; but I would guess it would be just the first in a long chain of outdated dependencies.

The basic problem is that program has not been updated since 2007. Debian removed the package from both testing and unstable in June, 2012. Ubuntu removed the package from 12.10 both because Debian did so and because it depends on obsolete Qt3 libraries.

k3dsurf is, however, available in the Universe repository in 12.04. If you are already running 12.04 or can install 12.04 to a new partition or to an external drive, that is your best bet for using the program.

The most recent version 0.6.2.4-1 is available directly from the Software Center, so you won't need to worry about installing from source.

Update: The OP stated in a comment that the k3dsurf Windows version runs fine under Wine.

Given that the software is fairly old and is using an older version of Qt, it may a good idea to be aware of security risks with Wine, no matter how unlikely they may be.

The Wine FAQ on risks states:

  Just because Wine runs on a non-Windows OS doesn't mean you're protected from viruses, trojans, and other forms of malware.

Securing Wine on the Wine Wiki warns:

  Wine doesn't support most Windows security constructs, and instead relies on the underlying operating system for security. Unless you run Wine as root, for instance, it's hard for malicious software in Wine to modify files belonging to other users. But Wine doesn't protect you against malware you run yourself.

Both pages go on to list several ways to improve security.


What is an Ubuntu file manager that remembers what directories were open?

Try SpaceFM.

sudo apt-get install spacefm

It automatically remembers your last directories by default and can have up to 4 panels at a time.

See here for more description of features:
Linuxpoison blog


Try to run

/sbin/ifconfig

It should work.


the indicator applet appears to now be treating left-clicks to skype as the action to bring up the menu, instead of restoring the main window. I think it's an issue with the panel or indicator applet and not skype, since I didn't change the version of skype I have installed when upgrading to Ubuntu 13.10.


Kernel 3.13 on Ubuntu ARM + Android kernel options compatibility

This will happens,
Kindly keep android source and navigate to the directory

/android-kernel/arch/arm/config/ copy the android configuration your are required to use.

if your using x86 architecture as host machine then,

copy and paste say msm_defconfig to /andorid-kernel/arch/arm/x86/

now compile your android kernel you will get all your settings.

CONFIG_ANDROID=y
CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDER_IPC=y
CONFIG_ASHMEM=y
CONFIG_ANDROID_LOGGER=y
CONFIG_ANDROID_PERSISTENT_RAM=y
CONFIG_ANDROID_RAM_CONSOLE=y
CONFIG_ANDROID_TIMED_OUTPUT=y
CONFIG_ANDROID_LOW_MEMORY_KILLER=y


What does "No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already" mean?

The crash files are gathered in /var/crash.

In a session, if apport collects information, there are also apport files in /tmp/apport.appname....


Ubuntu says no disk space in home directory but there is space

You seem to have two relevant partitions on your computer's disk. Partition 1, /dev/sda6, has 19 GB available but Partition 2, /dev/sda8, where your /home directory resides, is full. Try to move some big files/directories out of /home, perhaps to  /var/tmp, or create a new top-level dir, perhaps /data and move the big files there.


It will not really be possible for us to answer what these are but if you do not know what these are... /root/ should only hold hidden directories and files and anything installed there should be considered suspicious.

Contents of mine ...

ls -la /root
total 24
drwx------  4 root root 4096 okt  7 22:23 .
drwxr-xr-x 26 root root 4096 nov 12 03:46 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 3106 okt 22  2015 .bashrc
drwx------  2 root root 4096 okt  7 09:43 .cache
drwx------  3 root root 4096 okt  7 22:29 .gnupg
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  148 aug 17  2015 .profile

You really should know what these are: try to remember what you installed. If you do can not remember where this is from the worst case scenario: your system got compromised.

Examine the files in the directories using the commands more and file and see if you can find hints on what these are. Then delete the directories and set a new password for your admin account.
Also consider reinstalling your system.


All sensors-detect does is detect and enable additional sensor drivers if necessary. If you simply run the sensors command in the terminal, it should show you the temperature.


Where is Tor Browser opening Transmission from? How can I open the "same" Transmission?

Warning: Under no circumstances is it safe to use BitTorrent and Tor together. As an alternative, a VPN will be "safe" if you trust the VPN (in many countries, ISP's are required to log while VPN's are not), or you could use an anonymising network that was designed for file-sharing, such as I2P.

Proceed at your own risk.

How Tor-Browser uses Transmission

  If I try to download a (legal!) torrent in the Tor Browser version of Firefox, it launches Transmission to do so. ... If, however, I try to launch Transmission from its location (usr/bin/transmission-gtk), it starts Transmission "fresh"

There is only one copy of the actual program, in /usr/bin/ as you noted. What Tor-browser does is start Transmission with a separate profile, so that torrents will be downloaded over Tor (this is usually slower). If you wish to download the torrent normally instead, start the normal Transmission, and then either save a torrent from Tor-browser and load it, or copy-and-paste the link from Tor-browser. The alternative is to simply browse using regular Firefox and click on the .torrent link, which should open normal Transmission.

Use one common profile for Tor-Transmission and regular Transmission

If you want Transmission to use a common profile for both normal and Tor-browser torrents, you can do the following: (step-by-step not given because it is very easy to lose all currently downloading/paused torrents when you do this!)

Regular Transmission profile is stored in $HOME/.config/transmission
Tor-browser Transmission profile is inside the tor-browser directory, e.g.
tor-browser_en-US/.config/transmission
To create a common profile, you must create a symlink from one to the other using ln -s; of the two profiles, remove the transmission folder (rm -rf) of the one which is least used or contains fewer torrents (you will lose these); then recreate it as a symlink to the other transmission directory.
I recommend leaving the normal config ($HOME/.config) intact and linking the Tor config to it; if you do the reverse, your Transmission may not download unless you are connected to Tor. Note that your torrent downloading will occur over your regular, non-anonymous network in this case, even if you click on a torrent from within Tor-browser!


What are directories I should avoid when making a backup?

You'll definitely want to exclude the following:

/proc
/lost+found
/sys
/mnt
/media
/dev

and everything they contain


Sun-Java-6 Incorrect classpath/java.home problems in finding tools.jar

Well, it's a hack, but we ended up copying the tools.jar file into the jre/lib/ext directory as if we were installing a 3rd party jar file as an extension.  This seems like an unnatural action and that we should be doing something on the command line via the -cp option (tried it and it failed), or through an environment variable (tried that too and it failed too).


How to encode and playback video with the AV1 codec on Bionic Beaver (18.04)?

At the moment a stock standard installation of Bionic Beaver 18.04 will offer little support for either encoding or playback of AOMedia Video 1 (AV1) files. For the sake of testing this assertion I have created a test AV1 file here:

wget http://www.andrews-corner.org/samples/askubuntu_test_aom.mp4

Support for AV1 files in Bionic Beaver at this time (August 5th 2018) was tested with this sample file in the following packages and versions:

mediainfo: Downloaded from the Bionic Beaver Repository offers 'out of the box' support for AV1 files.
vlc: Downloaded from the Bionic Beaver Repository does not support AV1 files. This support could be compiled in from vlc version 3.0 and greater. See screenshot below...
SMPlayer: Bionic Beaver version offers no support for AV1.
mpv: Bionic Beaver version offers no AV1 support.
FFmpeg: Two points here:

The Bionic Beaver version with extra codecs offers no support for AV1.
Full support can be gained by following the FFmpeg Trac Compile Guide and has been possible since version 4.0. Files can be created and then played back with FFplay.

Chrome: Again 2 points here:

Chrome is not available from the Bionic Beaver Repositories.
The -dev version of Chrome had no problems with playing the sample file. I tested Version 70.0.3510.0 (Official Build) dev (64-bit). Available as a direct download from Google, see screenshot below!

Firefox: The Bionic Beaver Firefox cannot play AV1 files but support for AV1 should come with Firefox 63 when it is released...
MKVToolNix: Two points:

The Bionic Repository version does not deal adequately with AV1. It is version 19 while version 22 adds the required support.
The developer has instructions to install the latest MKVToolNix under Bionic Beaver but I believe that most of the AV1 functionality even in this version is still waiting for the codec to mature. This caveat applies to versions 23 and 24 of MKVToolNix.

So that is the current state of play, a little dismal but things will improve as AV1 matures...

And the winner is:

Chrome!! For doing it all with the least fuss :)

Runner up:

Vlc!! For getting it all done, just waiting for the packagers to catch up :).

References:

Slackware Build for libaom: How the Slackware people build and package libaom. A few techniques there that would translate easily to the Ubuntu ways...


The ChrootDirectory directive expects that the chroot directory be owned by root, and not writable by anybody else. So you cannot jail a user to a directory and allow the user permission to write to that directory. You can:

Chroot to home, upload to upload/

The first set of commands you tried are correct for this:

sudo chown root /home/james
sudo chmod go-w /home/james
sudo mkdir /home/james/upload
sudo chown james:sshusers /home/james/upload
sudo chmod ug+rwX /home/james/upload

However, the option in sshd_config would be:

Match Group sshusers
    ChrootDirectory %h
    ForceCommand internal-sftp

(%h is replaced by the home directory of the user being authenticated, equivalent to /home/%u for most cases.)
In addition, to limit the visibility of folders in /home/james, and restrict write permission there, use the recursive options for chown and chmod in the first command for /home/james, and remove read permissions. The modified set would look like:

sudo chown root /home/james -R
sudo chmod go-rwx /home/james -R  # Disallow traversing any directory in home
sudo chmod go+x /home/james       # Allow traversing this directory
sudo mkdir /home/james/upload
sudo chown james:sshusers /home/james/upload
sudo chmod ug+rwx /home/james/upload

Now the user should only be able to access /home/james/upload, or /upload.

Chroot to upload, upload to upload/some_directory

Pretty much the same as above, replacing /home/james/ with /home/james/upload, and /home/james/upload with /home/james/upload/some_directory. No particular gains.

Change the home directory of james to /upload

The usual behaviour of ChrootDirectory is: "After the chroot, sshd(8) changes the working directory to the user's home directory."
So we change james's home directory:

usermod -d /upload  user

Then set the ChrootDirectory to /home/%u. Use the same restrictions in the first option.


Since you're not going for a dual-boot and the hardware is neither very old or very new, you'll likely have a fairly easy first time installing and setting up Ubuntu.

A surprise to many people, the user version of Ubuntu is very easy to install and setup. It even provides a friendly Windows-esque install GUI (although a less sophisticated version also exists with the distro, if you're feeling adventurous). Plus, the benefits of a free, fast OS are simply wonderful.

The majority of issues I've encountered in Ubuntu involved obscure or very outdated hardware. For nearly everything, Ubuntu will generally find a driver. Even when it fails, though, it's usually possible to find a workaround on the internet.


Black screen booting Ubuntu and from LiveUSB

It sounds like you need to tweak your kernel boot parameters. One of these three should enable the system to bypass some hangups that are happening and let you boot.

noacpi acpi_osi=linux nomodeset

To change boot parameters:

As the machine is booting up, hold SHIFT until you get to the GNU Grub menu.
Select the most recent Ubuntu kernel and press e to edit options.
Find the line starting with 'linux' and scroll to the end of it after 'quiet splash'
Press space and enter noacpi and/or acpi_osi=linux at the end of the line.

If neither works go with nomodeset

If you run into any problems these links should help. They contain more detailed info about:

Changing Kernel Boot Parameters
Ubuntu's Boot Options
Giant list of Linux Kernel Parameters


Can I run Ubuntu installed on a USB flashdrive from the flashdrive to safely use the internet on an NT desktop

Ubuntu can be created in even 1GB USB-flash stick.
There are many software available to make your live Ubuntu.
one is here.and its free

Linux live USB creator.
You can get it by its official site
linuxliveusb.com/download


How to keep an HDMI connected monitor from powering off

Bring up your settings dialog

You may press the Ubuntu button on the top left of the Unity bar or the Windows key on your keyboard

Go to Settings

Brightness and Lock

Make required changes, the options here should be fairly self-explanatory


Local Ubuntu webserver slow response after losing connection to gateway

I FINALLY managed to get things working as they should(!).
I added the two client ip addresses to the /etc/hosts file (of the Ubuntu server) as follows:

192.168.2.228       192.168.2.228
192.168.2.229       192.168.2.229

This completely solves the 10 second delay of the network interface trying to resolve the ip address with the router, and instead connect to the client directly (as it should).

Although this solves the problem I think there is still an issue somewhere, as it should really prefer to connect to local computers directly instead of trying to resolve the 'dns' with the router, somehow (right?). I'm by no means a networking or ubuntu expert (I'm more of the web developer kind), so perhaps someone could clarify what the real issue is here (and perhaps provide a better solution?).


Keeping installed programs when installing new OS

If you kept the same copies of the files in /usr, that would be unlikely to work correctly, and to some extent it would defeat the purpose of installing a new OS. For Linux, a "new OS" essentially means a new version of the files in /usr, so you would be missing out on any improvements or vendor customizations that were made to those programs, and you would have no guarantee that they would be compatible with the configuration files stored in /etc, log files in /var, etc.

However, something similar can be done which is safer and more useful: you can save off the list of all currently installed packages and then restore that list after you install the OS:

Restoring all data and dependencies from dpkg --set-selections '*'


13.04 has reached EOL there for the repositories have been removed so there will be no more updates for 13.04 not even security so it is vulnerable to attacks.

There is an archive here that you can use to install software but it will be old software outdated and there will be no improvements and no new security update.

If you want to use an outdated release then edit:

/etc/apt/sources.list and change `archive.ubuntu.com to old-releases.ubuntu.com`

By:

sudo sed -i -e 's/archive.ubuntu.com\|security.ubuntu.com/old-releases.ubuntu.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

I recommend upgrading.


How to mount an old /home directory after OS clean re-install?

ln -n will show you what the filesytem thinks the UID and GIDs for the users should be. Here's an example from my system.

$ ls -ln /home/
total 12
drwxr-xr-x  5  111  120 4096 Mar 15 10:11 hts
drwxr-xr-x 11 1000 1000 4096 Mar 15 12:34 oli
drwxr-xr-x  4 1001 1001 4096 Mar 13 08:46 test

In this system, oli has the right UID of 1000 but if I did something so that it was 1001, I could simply use usermod to punch it around. Let's say I want to swap oli and test's UIDs around. This is a three-hop game as two users can't share a UID. They can share a group though.

sudo usermod -u 1099 -g 1000 test
sudo usermod -u 1001 -g 1001 oli
sudo usermod -u 1000 test

One note: If your current user is one of the users in the changearound, sudo su before you start and run everything as root. Just remember that the safety's off. You don't want to get halfway through this process and have your sudo privileges bug out on you.

You'll need to play this sort of ballet until the usernames in /home/ line up with their UIDs (as shown in ls -ln /home). Alternatively you can alter all the files with a few find calls but I personally think this is a big fat waste of time. It's easier, quicker and potentially less destructive to fix this centrally through the user system.

Next time remember to check the UIDs beforehand. The --uid nnn argument on adduser will make this painless.


Can anyone tell me how to make guake terminal be part of the start-up applications?

Press Super to bring up the dash, type "startup applications" in. I believe Guake puts itself (unchecked) in the list already, otherwise create a new entry which uses the command guake.

(This is just a more specific version of this question: How do I start applications automatically on login?)


The right place to install GRUB bootloader and the best configuration to install Ubuntu (and something else)

Installation

If you have Windows installed on your system, and you're trying to install Ubuntu, firstly, make sure you have enough unallocated space on your HDD.
If you don't, try shredding the available partitions using Windows settings.Then, plug your bootable ubuntu CD/flash drive.
 Most probably Ubuntu will detect the free space and the installation of Windows on your machine. It will display an option of "Install Ubuntu alongside Windows 10" in the installation menu. Then, you wouldn't have to select the Something Else option. You can go ahead and install Ubuntu without a thought.
 Through Something Else option, one can manually select the free space part of HDD where you want to install Ubuntu. This option may/may not recognise pre-existing Windows installation.
 The GRUB/bootloader will take care of itself after a successful Ubuntu installation. Most probably, you will be greeted with a GRUB menu on reboot, where you can select Ubuntu/Windows to boot into.

Touchpad

There is probably some problem with the driver of your touchpad.
 To resolve this issue, after the installtion of Ubuntu, use shortcuts/external mouse to reach the Setting->Software&Updates->Additional Driver and look for an alternate driver for your touchpad.


Running executable txt.file in terminal by default

Open the Dash and search for Main Menu. (It's in the Software Center if it's not installed.) Open it and create a new item. Type in the name you want it to have, then type in the command line:

gnome-terminal -x executable_text_file_path/and_name

For instance, I have a Shell Script folder in my Home folder. To run one of them in Terminal, I would type in...

gnome-terminal -x "Shell Scripts/script_name.sh"

I only used the quotation marks because I have spaces in the names. If you have no spaces, you don't need the quotation marks.

You should now be able to go to the Dash and type in the name you gave your program. A single click on it will start it in Terminal mode - or just drag it to your Launcher!


How to establish VPN Connection using Vodafone K3773 HSPA USB Stick?

The problem was NAT. I used OpenVPN instead PPTP.

In case of using "3G modem Vodafone K3773 HSPA USB Stick" connection goes through the Vodafone firewall. It may be an incompatibility with Vodafone firewall. I used OpenVPN package to create vpn-network instead pptpd. It is working fine.


Chromium : how can I set up seahorse/gnome-keyring to ask for a "master password"

I think the feature is in Beta here chrome://flags/
go to that page- Look for the New Profile Management experiment- and set to enabled- and you should be able to lock and set a password from there.

I've not tried it on Chromium however.

While there maybe reasons against it you can always go to https://www.google.com/intl/en-US/chrome/browser/desktop/index.html and download Chrome then do the same hting if that suits your purpose.


Wired network cannot be established, wireless works

Seems like a dire monologue, however I seem to have fixed the issue.

The problem was with the drivers for Realtek ethernet card most probably imposed by an update I fail to remember taking place.

I realized the drivers installed were r8169, however r8168 are the ones that should be installed.

The solution is to download the most recent drivers for your kernel (mine being 3.x.x) and install them.

Realtek r8168 drivers (Linux):
http://www.realtek.com.tw/downloads/downloadsView.aspx?Langid=1&PNid=13&PFid=5&Level=5&Conn=4&DownTypeID=3&GetDown=false#2

See README file inside for installation instructions.

After installation, make sure to reboot.

If one needs to remove the r8169 manually from the kernel modules, one can do so by:

sudo modprobe -r r8169

Still no internet?

Check /etc/resolv.conf (Adding 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 for nameservers should fix the issue).

Hope it saves someone a couple of hours. :-)

Cheers!


How to use SSL and SASL with irssi under Xenial Xerus?

Xenial Xerus now has a newer version of irssi:
andrew@athens:~$ irssi --version
irssi 0.8.19 (20160323 0008)

This version has built-in support for SASL and has been set to reject the cap_sasl.pl script with the error message in the question. Easy enough to fix by closing irssi and removing the script and links to it:
mv -v $HOME/.irssi/scripts/cap_sasl.pl $HOME/.irssi/scripts/cap_sasl.pl_bak
rm -v $HOME/.irssi/scripts/autorun/cap_sasl.pl

Then set yourself up with Freenode using both SSL and the built-in SASL with these commands from within irssi. First remove any mention of Freenode and the 'conventional' port (this comes preconfigured with a fresh installation of Ubuntu and irssi):
/SERVER REMOVE chat.freenode.net 6667 Freenode
/NETWORK REMOVE Freenode

Then add an autoconnect to Freenode with the SSL settings and appropriate SSL port:
/SERVER ADD -auto -ssl -ssl_verify -ssl_capath /etc/ssl/certs -network Freenode irc.freenode.net 6697

Now add the SASL settings, making the appropriate changes for your username and password (and omitting the brackets of course):
/NETWORK ADD -sasl_mechanism plain -sasl_username <username> -sasl_password <password> Freenode

When this is done issue the following commands from within irssi:
/save
/exit

And when you restart irssi you should see the following 2 messages flashing by:

20:31 -!- SASL authentication succeeded = successful SASL authentication
20:31 -!- Mode change [+Zi] for user andrew = successful SSL connection

Now type in /join #ubuntu and you are in the thick of it :)


How does a computer decide which network interface to send traffic to?

You'll need to add a static route on your host with next-hop set to an exit interface (your wired interface).

Example:

route add -host <insert the specific ip here> dev eth0

Assuming eth0 is the interface name of your wired interface.

EDIT:

If you want these to persist across reboots, you'll have to modify your /etc/network/interfaces to something like this:

... (other pertinent stuff)
post-up route add -host <insert specific ip> dev eth0

Ideally to your eth0 (or whatever the wired interface label is) configuration.


X server failed to start after using nvidia-xconfig and unable to use my 2nd GPU anyhow

I have had to change the ownership of the file .Xauthority .
I went through a cycle of failure when a screen saver locked up my X server. I killed the session, re-booted, and the desktop refused to start for my account only. I started another account, opened a terminal and changed to my account using the 'su' command:

su - myaccount

I could log in as myself.

THE KEY DIAGNOSIS

I looked at my home directory -

ls -lrt |tail

  -rw-------  1 root    root       107 Feb 17 10:16 .Xauthority

and found that the .Xauthority account was owned by root.

To Change ownership of a file

I changed the ownership with

sudo chown myaccount:myaccount .Xauthority

I confirmed the ownership change with ' ls -lrt |tail ' and then logged in as myself.

  -rw-------  1 myaccount    myaccount       107 Feb 17 10:16 .Xauthority

All better!

Typically files that begin with a dot and in your home directory should belong to yourself. AND you would never log in as root, right?


Networkmanager: dispatcher.d/pre-down.d is not executed on shutdown anymore

Others where having the same problem.

It looks like there was a change in Network Manager which no longer closes the connection on shutdown of Network Manager. I was able to add a systemd service to be executed when the network goes offline.

I created a file /etc/systemd/system/networkdown.service with the content:

[Unit]
Wants=network-online.target
After=network.target network-online.target

[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/bin/true
ExecStop=/bin/umount /media/media
RemainAfterExit=yes

This seems to work.


Where to configure shortcut keys of Nautilus?

In Ubuntu 13.04  through 16.04 at least, the keyboard shortcuts for Nautilus are mapped in the "~/.config/nautilus/accels" file.  Edit that file to change the mappings.


Try running sudo dpkg --configure -a from a Terminal.


Your Grub loader seems to be silent, tru updating it
"sudo update-grub"  in a terminal session, it should make a windows entry.


How do I make thunderbird auto-start everytime I log in in Ubuntu 13.04

If I understand you correctly, you are looking for the command to start thunderbird. That would be /usr/bin/thunderbird


What can I do if I want to help localize the Ubuntu official website for Hong Kong people?

I don't think cn.ubuntu.com is the result of regular translations by the Ubuntu community. My belief is that Canonical has specialcased simplified Chinese by providing that version of the site. AFAIK there are no localized versions of the official site in other languages; see this bug comment, for instance.


Wubi Installer Error: The boot configuration data store could not be opened

Go to an administrative command prompt and run bcdedit. This will open your BCD store and output the contents. If it fails with the same exception message then your problem is that Windows needs to be told where the BCD store is. i.e. nothing to do with Wubi (which is what I believe).

To open an administrative command prompt click the Windows key, type cmd, then look above, right click on CMD.EXE and select Run as Administrator.

Refer to Issue 3 here for explanation and potential fix: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2419286

Edit: more information and fix from the Microsoft support site

Symptoms

When you run Bcdedit /enum you get the following error:
“The boot configuration data store could not be opened. The system cannot find the file specified.”

Look for the following registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\BCD00000000

If we check under HKLM you will not find the key BCD00000000

Cause

If some 3rd party storage Disk or Storage Management software is installed it may bring all the volume without drive letter offline

Generally 100 MB partition is system partition which contains Boot configuration Database and does not have a drive letter assigned.

Resolution

From an administrator command prompt (right-click CMD.EXE and choose Run as Administrator):

C:\>Diskpart
C:\Diskpart> List volume
C:\Diskpart> Select volume 1 (Considering this is 100 MB system partition)
c:\Diskpart> Online volume
C:\Diskpart> exit