How do I disable double-click drag in Ubuntu?

An old thread but I'll see if I can answer it here. I just got myself a Dell XPS 13 with Ubuntu 20.04 and the new Gnome UI doesn't have an interface. If yours does, the simple way is to check the touchpad settings and disable click to drag. If it doesn't what you should do is look for your xinput properties:
$ xinput list

You should see output like this:
⎡ Virtual core pointer                      id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ DLL096D:01 06CB:CDE6 Mouse                id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ DLL096D:01 06CB:CDE6 Touchpad             id=13   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Wacom HID 4943 Finger touch               id=11   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                         id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Integrated_Webcam_HD: Integrate           id=9    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Intel HID events                          id=14   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Intel HID 5 button array                  id=15   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Integrated_Webcam_HD: Integrate           id=10   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Dell WMI hotkeys                          id=16   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=17   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Sleep Button                              id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]

In my case, the correct ID is 13 so lets look at those props:
$  xinput list-props 13

Again, output looks like this:
Device 'DLL096D:01 06CB:CDE6 Touchpad':
    Device Enabled (148):   1
    Coordinate Transformation Matrix (150): 1.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 1.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 1.000000
    libinput Tapping Enabled (321): 1
    libinput Tapping Enabled Default (322): 0
    libinput Tapping Drag Enabled (323):    1
    libinput Tapping Drag Enabled Default (324):    1
    libinput Tapping Drag Lock Enabled (325):   0
    libinput Tapping Drag Lock Enabled Default (326):   0
    libinput Tapping Button Mapping Enabled (327):  1, 0
    libinput Tapping Button Mapping Default (328):  1, 0
    libinput Natural Scrolling Enabled (305):   1
    libinput Natural Scrolling Enabled Default (306):   0
    libinput Disable While Typing Enabled (329):    1
    libinput Disable While Typing Enabled Default (330):    1
    libinput Scroll Methods Available (307):    1, 1, 0
    libinput Scroll Method Enabled (308):   1, 0, 0
    libinput Scroll Method Enabled Default (309):   1, 0, 0
    libinput Click Methods Available (331): 1, 1
    libinput Click Method Enabled (332):    0, 1
    libinput Click Method Enabled Default (333):    1, 0
    libinput Middle Emulation Enabled (334):    0
    libinput Middle Emulation Enabled Default (335):    0
    libinput Accel Speed (312): 0.301471
    libinput Accel Speed Default (313): 0.000000
    libinput Left Handed Enabled (317): 0
    libinput Left Handed Enabled Default (318): 0
    libinput Send Events Modes Available (268): 1, 1
    libinput Send Events Mode Enabled (269):    0, 0
    libinput Send Events Mode Enabled Default (270):    0, 0
    Device Node (271):  "/dev/input/event10"
    Device Product ID (272):    1739, 52710
    libinput Drag Lock Buttons (319):   <no items>
    libinput Horizontal Scroll Enabled (320):   1

In my case, you can see it's property 323 which is called libinput Tapping Drag Enabled (323): 1. The value of 1 means it's on. So your goal is to turn that off. It's easier to use the names to do that. You'll grab the name of the device the the property within it and finally set it to 0. For me, that's
$ xinput set-prop "DLL096D:01 06CB:CDE6 Touchpad" "libinput Tapping Drag Enabled" 0


Getting the alternative to the 200-Line Linux Kernel patch to work

The answer above should indeed fix the terminal error message. Gödel, I'm not sure that I understood your point. I'll try to explain the change:

Since the default value of notify_on_release at creation of other cgroups is the current value of their parents notify_on_release setting, setting the value of /dev/cgroup/cpu/user/notify_on_release to 1 would make sure that every child cgroup had notify_on_release enabled and thus the release_agent would be ran. Unfortunately, when the last child cgroup of "user" was removed (by the release_agent), that folder would also be removed, leading to the error messages reported. A simple workaround is to enable notify_on_release for each cgroup individually at creation, keeping the parents setting disabled.

Hope that was easy to follow!

Edit: I'd have posted this as a comment to the actual answer, though it's seems I don't have enough reputation to do so (yet).


Update error "Sources disagree on hashes for supposedly identical version"

The sources you now use have different 'hash' data (a value calculated to show if there's corruption in file sources) so one or more of your packages on one of your sources disagrees with that package on another source.  Solve it by changing sources in /etc/apt/sources.list, following the article at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu .

For an example, you can see bug reports https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/apt/+bug/1804343 and https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubuntu-release-upgrader/+bug/1373598

If you look at https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archivemirrors you will see the official mirrors you can use to download Ubuntu, packages, and updates from.  Change sources from what you now use, picking one up to date which is reasonably close to you; fast is more important than mileage.


No.  Bonding is something you can do with a server that has two ethernet ports connected to the same network, then you can bond them to increase your aggregate transmission speed.


Install the GetDeb repository:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.getdeb.net/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc)-getdeb apps"
wget -q -O- http://archive.getdeb.net/getdeb-archive.key | sudo apt-key add -

and BlueGriffon

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bluegriffon

BlueGriffon (Vivid)


I can not upgrade to Ubuntu 12.04 from 11.10

I had the same problem. If you open a terminal window (hold Ctrl+Alt+t) and type the following

do-release-upgrade

it will ask you for your password and it should automatically run the update


I had this problem once. I belive it was caused by conflicting config files from a not-yet-uninstalled Maté 1.6 and the recently installed Maté 1.8 (the one rule I forgot to follow).

The solution, as I recall it (though this was around a year ago), was something along the lines of:

sudo apt-get purge mate-*

sudo apt-get install mate-core mate-desktop-environment mate-notification-daemon

Along with whichever additional items  you wanted to install, like mate-desktop-environment-extras.

After that, everything worked fine. As I said, this was a year ago, but I have a friend that's having the same problem and has called me in to fix it. I'll come back with my final command sequence.


Gnome-dictionary does not use German freedict dictionaries

I had the same symptom and I managed this way.

Is your newly installed "fd-deu-eng" showing up when you type?

dict -I

If you 'apt-get remove' the successfully installed "dict-freedict-hun-eng", does 'dict -I' reflect the change? If not, then the online version of dictd may be interfering your local generic instance of dictd. Try

ps aux | grep dictd

and kill that instance, and 'dict -I' or 'dict -D' again. If you see a complete set of packages and an "On pan.alephnull.com" header, you in fact can already use

dict -d fd-deu-eng 'Guten Tag'

When offline, 'dict -I' will reveal nothing. This is the time you can

sudo dictd start

and 'dict -I' will reflect your recently installed/removed package list.


I'm not sure where you got that command, but the following command would have worked:

echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.4 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.4.list

Now that you already have /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.4.list, you need to edit it (ie: with vim or nano) so that contains a single line that reads:

deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.4 multiverse

Be sure to run apt-get update to sync and update available packages, and add 10gen's apt key.


How can I get vboxweb to start properly at boot

After some more googling and mucking about, I finally came up with a solution:

1) I concluded that the /etc/defaults/virtualbox file did not seem to have any effect on anything (just a remnant from the init.d days?). So the user and group settings in that file was wasted.

Solution: Added User=vbox and Group=vboxusers in the [Service] section of the vboxweb.service file.

2) Some of the problems I had was due to the vboxweb.config file referring to a pid-file in the /run folder, and vbox has no write access to that folder.
First I tried to make a subfolder, owned by vbox, in which to store the pid file, but I learned that the /run folder gets wiped at boot time, including all subfolders.

Solution: Created a subfolder in vbox homedir, and updated vboxweb.config file with that location.

3) For some reason (which still eludes me), referring to the actual IP address, 192.168.1.12, in config.php (in the phpvirtualbox folder) and in the vboxweb.config file (as mentioned in the original post), did not work at boot time. (A later restart of the service would work though.)

Solution: Updated both config.php and vboxweb.config with IP address 127.0.0.1 instead of 192.168.1.12.

Case closed! :o)
...apart for all the questions about why things are the way they are, but I can live with that :o)

BR, Rolf


Is there a way to view a list of previously joined networks? 14.04

If you are network-manager (default) then you will find all the connections in /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/ directory.

Open the file based on the connection name you want to check and you will find all the relevant information in the file.


Transfer files from Ubuntu to a Windows 7 system on the same network

Even though you don't know Samba, it may be the easiest solution in this situation (or USB stick).

Just install samba, you'll also get GUI configuration tool:

sudo apt-get install samba

Go to menu System -> Administration -> Samba

Click green plus, add share. Select the directory containing your ISO. Select visible, on the 2nd tab grant access to everyone. You can share with everyone if you are in the private network, you will cancel this share later.

After this, you should see Ubuntu machine from Windows and be able to access that directory. I hope this helps.

General help with samba: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Samba


Installiing "lighttpd" on Ubuntu 18.04: It's broken!

This appears to be a known bug which has been reported eg. at https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/lighttpd/+bug/1067315 and https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=478291.

For me this was solved by installing the libgamin0 package. Due to package conflicts this also meant that I had to uninstall the libfam0 package, but libgamin0 replaces that package, so no functionality was lost.


Since nobody has any help - here is perhaps some solace:
issue 387 on github


I use Ubuntu 12.10 and recently got a laptop with Intel/ATI Hybrid Graphics card. I'm quite happy with the default setup. The only problem I see is too much power consumption when running on battery. After trying many different ways of installing proprietary drivers in vain (the farthest I've got was a desktop without Unity and Metacity) I've found my best option might be using vga_switcheroo as explained this guide:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HybridGraphics


How to avoid dark colour of some programs in LXDE no matter the theme?

You are having a problem with your qt applications not honoring your gtk theme.

What you do is install qt4-qtconfig and set your qt applications to honor the gtk theme.

sudo apt-get install qt4-qtconfig
qt4-qtconfig

At least on Lubuntu 14.04.02 instead of qt4-qtconfig one should use

qtconfig

In the "Select GUI Style" box, select "GTK+"

For details see my blog .


Where can I find the configure options used to build a package?

The easiest thing to do may be to look at the build logs for the package in question. You can find them by starting at, e.g., https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/asterisk, then follow the link for the version you care about (in this case, https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/maverick/+source/asterisk/1:1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1.1)

Under the "Builds" header, you'll see a link for each architecture the package was built on. Don't worry about this too much, and just pick one - I'll look at amd64.

On the build record page, there's a link to the buildlog - https://launchpadlibrarian.net/62593317/buildlog_ubuntu-maverick-amd64.asterisk_1%3A1.6.2.7-1ubuntu1.1_BUILDING.txt.gz

And if you search the log for "./configure", you'll find this:

PATH=$PATH:/build/buildd/asterisk-1.6.2.7/debian/dummyprogs ./configure \
        --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --build=x86_64-linux-gnu \
        --prefix=/usr \
        --mandir=\${prefix}/share/man \
        --infodir=\${prefix}/share/info \
        --with-cap \
        --with-gsm \
        --with-imap=system \
        --with-pwlib=/usr/share/pwlib/include/ \
        --with-h323=/usr/share/openh323/


Using Zenity

What can relatively easy be done is to:

generate a Zenity message to mention your script is waiting for a pid to appear.
The window will be automatically closed if the pid appears in the output of ps -p <pid>, ps -e or any other ps command, run by the script.

Example

Below is the procedure how it can be done.
I am using python in the example, you can either implement it to bash, or (why not) simply use the python script and run it with your pid as an argument.

The principle

In a loop, the script checks if the pid is in the output of (in my example) ps -e
If not, the script calls a Zenity window, mentioning you are waiting for the pid

note: The script also checks if the Zenity window already exists, with the help of the command:

wmctrl -l

which lists all windows. If we wouldn't include this step, you would be scattered with popping up windows...

The command to call the Zenity window:

zenity --info --title='pid-message' --text='Waiting for pid to appear'

As soon as the pid shows up in ps -e, the window closes, with the command:

wmctrl -c <windowname>

Alternatively, simply use the script below

If you start the script below before you run your command, it will wait for the pid to appear, while your script runs.

Install wmctrl

sudo apt-get install wmctrl

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as waitfor_pid.py
Run it with the command

python3 /path/to/waitfor_pid.py <pid>

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import sys
import time

# the pid you are waiting for, as an argument
pid = sys.argv[1]
# The title of the window; if you change it, make sure it does not have space(s)
window_title = "pid-message"

t = 0
# the script waits for the pid during 30 seconds, to prevent endless loop if your command is not succesful
while t < 30:
    # check the list of processes
    p_list = subprocess.check_output(["ps", "-e"]).decode("utf-8")
    # check the windowlist, to see if the Zenity window already exists
    if not pid in p_list:
        w_list = subprocess.check_output(["wmctrl",  "-l"]).decode("utf-8")
        if not "pid-message" in w_list:
            # if the message window does not exist, call it
            command = "zenity --info --title='"+window_title+"' --text='Waiting for pid "+pid+" to appear'"
            subprocess.Popen(["/bin/bash", "-c", command])
    else:
        # if the pid appeared, close the message window and break the script
        subprocess.Popen(["wmctrl", "-c", window_title])
        break
    t = t+1
    time.sleep(1)


Libreoffice writer file format problems, how to change the file format from one to other format, PDF to any other?

If you can open a file in LibreOffice Writer, then you can save it in any format you like using File -> Save as... menu.

But you need to open it from LO Writer

File -> Open -> PDF - Portable Document Format (Writer). You need to scroll down file formats.

Default format for LO Writer is odt, but you can save as doc, docx or other formats.

But not all pdf files contain text. Some of them contain raster images that can not be converted to text that easily.

If you saved pdf files from LibreOffice, then they should open with no problems. It must be hybrid format.

Note: libreoffice-pdfimport package should be installed. It is installed in Ubuntu by default.


How can I watch .avi with embedded subtitles?

The video stream itself (and a big 'thank you' for making this available away from the commercial site CloudLoad!) contains no subtitle streams:

andrew@ilium~/test$ mediainfo Indagine-su-un-cittadino-al-di-sopra-di-ogni-sospetto.avi
General
Complete name                            : Indagine-su-un-cittadino-al-di-sopra-di-ogni-sospetto.avi
Format                                   : AVI
Format/Info                              : Audio Video Interleave
File size                                : 692 MiB
Duration                                 : 1 h 50 min
Overall bit rate                         : 878 kb/s
Writing application                      : VirtualDubMod 1.5.10.1 (build 2366/release)
Writing library                          : VirtualDubMod build 2366/release

Video
ID                                       : 0
Format                                   : MPEG-4 Visual
Format profile                           : Advanced Simple@L5
Format settings, BVOP                    : 2
Format settings, QPel                    : No
Format settings, GMC                     : No warppoints
Format settings, Matrix                  : Default (H.263)
Muxing mode                              : Packed bitstream
Codec ID                                 : XVID
Codec ID/Hint                            : XviD
Duration                                 : 1 h 50 min
Bit rate                                 : 677 kb/s
Width                                    : 640 pixels
Height                                   : 336 pixels
Display aspect ratio                     : 1.905
Frame rate                               : 25.000 FPS
Color space                              : YUV
Chroma subsampling                       : 4:2:0
Bit depth                                : 8 bits
Scan type                                : Progressive
Compression mode                         : Lossy
Bits/(Pixel*Frame)                       : 0.126
Stream size                              : 533 MiB (77%)
Writing library                          : XviD 1.0.3 (UTC 2004-12-20)

Audio
ID                                       : 1
Format                                   : AC-3
Format/Info                              : Audio Coding 3
Mode extension                           : CM (complete main)
Format settings, Endianness              : Big
Codec ID                                 : 2000
Duration                                 : 1 h 50 min
Bit rate mode                            : Constant
Bit rate                                 : 192 kb/s
Channel(s)                               : 2 channels
Channel positions                        : Front: L R
Sampling rate                            : 48.0 kHz
Frame rate                               : 31.250 FPS (1536 spf)
Compression mode                         : Lossy
Stream size                              : 151 MiB (22%)
Alignment                                : Split accross interleaves
Interleave, duration                     : 40  ms (1.00 video frame)
Interleave, preload duration             : 500  ms

andrew@ilium~/test$

So the commercial service you have used must be either:

Loading a separate stream each time a different language is specified, this is unlikely.
Loading an external subtitle file suitable for each specified language, more likely.

The good news is that you can download your own srt files, I did so from within the SMPlayer GUI by running:

Subtitles --> Find subtitles at OpenSubtitles.org...

and had quite a choice of subtitle languages available to me:

Simply select one the srt files, they will be downloaded and then easily viewed if placed in the same directory as your film. Below is an example with English subtitles:

And then all should be well... Not my taste in movies BTW :)


Send it. The bug tracker is rather good at cleaning itself from dupes and incomplete bugs (or the maintainer of that bug is).

There is a very high chance it will get rejected as it will only accept crash report  for 1 problem. (I hope) you will get added to the "I am affected too" if you have a launchpad account connected. Otherwise: log into your launchpad account and do that yourself. That way you did your (albeit small) part in helping.

If it does go through it does need attention and others could expand on this error.

Related:

What happens after `ubuntu-bug` has done its thing?


How to solve VERR_NOT_SUPPORTED on VM player for Ubuntu 17.04

I solved the problem by re-downloading the ISO file, as it was broken.

so if you are having some problem then check the file size it must be nearly 1.49 GB , depending upon the version you are downloading.

cheers!

Good day


Click the Ubuntu Symbol in the top left corner and type Software and Updates then click the Software and Updates icon that appears then choose Additional Drivers at the top right of the box. Give it time to scan your system for the drivers then choose the one that best suits you. It may take a minute to scan for the drivers so be patient.


davfs2: /sbin/mount.davfs: different URL in /etc/fstab

TL;DR aka the fun part:
In the /etc/fstab file, you should NOT escape the comma character while spaces and tabs must be escaped using zero-padded octal numbers preceded by backslash \ as it stated in fstab's man page. In your case, the URL string should look like this:
http://<server_url>/my/path/Doe,\040John/

The boring part:
First of all, you should take a look at this one:
https://superuser.com/a/527503/938480
I'll cite the last sentence of the post above here which is essential for the answer in my opinion:

Note that, while code points are supported for other characters as
well, the support is rather flaky. On my machine, you can write \127
instead of W, but not \070 instead of 8...

And the davfs2 man states:

URLS AND MOUNT POINTS WITH SPACES Special characters like spaces in
pathnames are a mess. They are interpreted differently by different
programs and protocols, and there are different rules for escaping. In
fstab spaces must be replaced by a three digit octal escape sequence.
Write http://foo.bar/path\040with\040spaces instead of
http://foo.bar/path with spaces. For the davfs2.conf and the secrets
files please see the escape and quotation rules described in the
davfs2.conf(5) man page. On command line you must obey the escaping
rules of the shell.

And finally let's look at the fstab manual itself:

The second field (fs_file).
This field describes the mount point for the filesystem.
For swap partitions, this field should be specified as 'none'.
If the name of the mount point contains spaces these can be escaped as '\040'

As we can see above, there is actually no mentioning of anything but spaces and tabs.
I've tested the issue with one of the free online Nextcloud instances (Nextcloud natively comes with a built-in WevDAV support) and I got the same error using the same folder name as in your example Doe, John and the same escaping sequence \054\040. Then I removed escaping of the comma and it mounted ok.


Firefox keeps updating in the background

Unattended Upgrades

The default settings of Ubuntu have Unattended Upgrades enabled for new packages that are pushed by the Ubuntu Security Team (the "-security" pocket of the Ubuntu Repositories).

New releases of web browsers usually include many security fixes, so the Ubuntu Security Team pushes the new browser. Generally, new releases ONLY go into the next release of Ubuntu and are NOT backported. Web browsers, for various reasons, are a very rare exception to that practice: All supported releases of Ubuntu always get the newest web browser.

The easy way to check if Unattended Upgrades has recently upgraded your web browser is to check the log: /var/log/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrades.log


After Nvidia driver installs, system reboots to blank screen on laptop

What you could try is blacklisting the nouveau driver if you want to use the nvidia one.

To do that you would need to add

blacklist nouveau

to the file /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf. Reboot and see if that helped you out.


There are free VPN-Plans out there. A few providers allow free users to use their vpn services like (i didn't try them myself):

ProtonVPN https://protonvpn.com/pricing
FreeVPN https://freevpn.me/accounts/

also u might want to have a look at the list at
PrivacytoolsIO: https://www.privacytools.io/#vpn

When a vpn connection is established u might want to do a dns leaktest at https://dnsleaktest.com/

If you want to browse most anonymous as possible you should use the tor-browser bundle from the torproject website https://www.torproject.org/download/download-easy.html.en


Found my solution - enable hdmi compatibility mode on my monitor


While installing using WUBI Kubuntu just reboots on boot

Thanks to the help from @dessert, we were able to find this for WUBI and Kubuntu booting.

The following steps were taken from: https://github.com/hakuna-m/wubiuefi/issues/10

  After the first restart it should display:

Completing the Ubuntu installation. For more installation boot
options, press `ESC' now...

  There you can press ESC and then you can
  select "Verbose mode" in the following menu:

Normal mode
Safe graphic mode
ACPI workarounds
Verbose mode
Demo mode

  In "verbose mode" it collects more information for debugging but it is
  also a workaround for some issues. In some tests, it worked in
  "verbose mode", if default mode "normal mode" didn't work.

Hope this helps!


Is it possible to install Windows 7 alongside Ubuntu and windows 10 dualboot?

It's possible -- at least in principle. Oldfred's comment is simply stating that you need to boot the Windows 7 installer in EFI/UEFI mode rather than in its default BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. There are a number of Web sites that provide instructions for doing this, such as:

This official Microsoft site
This SevenForums page
This SuperUser question and answers
The Rufus tool may be helpful in creating a USB drive that can boot the Windows installer in EFI mode.

A Google search will turn up more information on this, if the preceding aren't adequate. As booting Windows 7 is beyond the scope of this site, you should ask on a Windows forum if you need more help on this subject.

That said, there are some caveats and limitations:

Hardware compatibility -- Windows 7 is old. The error you're seeing, if it's from the Windows 7 installation tool, may indicate a lack of drivers necessary for proper use of your hardware. You may also need to tweak firmware settings (particularly the hard disk's operating mode). These issues are best addressed on a Windows forum.
Setting the primary boot loader/manager -- When you install Windows, its boot loader/manager will take over as the default. You can restore rEFInd as the default using EasyUEFI or other tools. See this page of the rEFInd documentation for more information.
Windows boot loader: One vs. two -- When you install a second Windows OS, it will probably reconfigure the already-installed first Windows' boot loader to give an option of which Windows OS to boot. Thus, rEFInd will show one Windows entry, which you must select to boot either Windows OS, then pick which Windows version from the Windows boot loader. If you prefer to see separate entries for each Windows version in rEFInd, you can jump through some extra hoops to do so. From your setup with Windows 10 already available, you would:

Use your preferred partitioning tool to free space on your hard disk, or even create new partitions, for Windows 7. If you create new partitions, be sure to include a new EFI System Partition (ESP).
Change the type code of your original ESP (the one with the Windows boot loader) so that it's no longer marked as an ESP. In gdisk, you'd change it from type EF00 to something else. (I recommend 8300, which is the Linux type code, so that Windows will ignore it.) Be sure to write down which partition was your ESP.
Change the type code(s) of your Windows 10 partitions. As with the previous step, the goal is to make the Windows 7 installer ignore the Windows 10 installation. Be sure to record the original type code(s) of these partition(s).
Install Windows 7.
Restore the type codes for the original ESP and the Windows 10 partition(s).
Adjust the boot order so that rEFInd is first.

All that said, IMHO it's seldom worthwhile to do more than dual-boot a modern computer, and especially not to boot more than one version of any given OS. If you need features of versions X and Y of an OS, you can usually accomplish that goal by using virtualization (VirtualBox, VMware, etc.). Virtualization has the advantage of not needing such complex hoop-jumping in setting up the boot loaders, and the risks of creating serious problems are lower, too. The drawback is that the virtualized OS doesn't get such direct access to the hardware, so performance is worse -- but if you need direct access for games or other reasons, one version of the OS is usually adequate for that.


How should the files of a Flatpak application be removed?

It's usual for package management tools to leave files in the home directory alone, so that user preferences, etc. are retained on reinstallation. You can choose to delete them if you wish, but I wouldn't expect flatpak (or any other software installation tool) to delete configuration files in my home directory. And that's what ~/.var/app is, looking at the example in the flatpak wiki:

.var/
└── app
    └── org.gnome.GEdit
        ├── data
        ├── config
        └── cache

~/.local/share/flatpak/repo/refs/remotes/org.flatpaklinux.Suphead-origin looks like it's part of flatpak's state, and it could be using it to track it what it had installed and where from (such data is also often kept around after package removal, and anyway they don't occupy much space). From the flatpak wiki:

  Flatpak uses OSTree to distribute and manage applications and
  runtimes. The repo/ in the above tree is the local OSTree repository.
  Flatpak creates the active/ directories of applications and runtimes
  as symlinks to OSTree checkouts (in the same directory). Using OSTree
  has the advantage that the checkouts are automatically deduped and
  share diskspace, since OSTree is using hardlinks and content-based
  addressing. OSTree also makes it easy to roll back to an earlier
  version, should the need arise.

refs/remotes/org.flatpaklinux.Suphead-origin looks very like something from a Git repo:

$ cat .git/refs/remotes/origin/master
73dad27c1c047c159f0ee22d6627af5bfdf4dbfc

If that is indeed the case, then that file just indicates which commit of the remote source was at the last time you fetched something from there.

If you think flatpak is taking up too much space even after removing an app, check the output of flatpak list -d --app --runtime to see what apps and runtimes are still installed and the space they take.


In Settings > Background you'll get options to change desktop background and lock screen background. But it only allows to choose images from a limited number of directories. If you want the full freedom to choose images from any directory, use GNOME Tweak Tool and look for Desktop menu.


Maybe you should try the Netboot images of Ubuntu, they are under 700MB. You can find them here: "http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/netboot/xenial/". Those images just boot the computer then the selected software is downloaded from Internet.


You can go to the Canon website, find your product, click on the Support and Download button, and download the Linux drivers from Canon i-SENSYS MF4320d - Drivers. Use the drop down menu to select Linux (32 or 64 bit).

Here are the direct links:

32 bit Linux version
64 bit Linux version


xfdesktop --windowlist works only sporadically when called from xbindkeys

I think the reason is because using b:10 the command is called on the button down event, and the subsequent button up removes the popup.

I solved lunching the command only when button is released using:

"xfdesktop --windowlist"
    b:10 + Release


Adding unallocated space to Ubuntu partition

Right click on sda6 and select swapoff, right click on sda4 and increase its size, right click on sda6 and move it all the way to the right, and finally right click on sda5 and increase its size.


Unable to disable Session restore on xubuntu 12.04

Since there are no other suggestions, here is a quick fix for anyone who comes across this thread :

emacs _path_/startup.sh

write in the file

#!/bin/bash

rm -rf /home/_name_/.cache/sessions/*

make it executable

chmod +x _path_/startup.sh

go under 'Session and Startup' and add _path_/startup.sh to the applications automatically executed when xfce opens.


did you set KDE as your primary deskop enviroment?
trysudo dpkg-reconfigure kdm, and select lightdm as default


OpenVPN riddling syslog with errors, but otherwise seems to work flawlessly

I solved this issue by disabling openvpn@.service (deprecated), removing all configuration files from the OpenVPN root sir and moving them to the server dir, as well as activating the respective openvpn-server@config.service.


How to add a program shortcut which runs via sudo to 'Show Applications > All Applications' & Dock in Ubuntu 18.04?

Advise is to use the gvfs admin back end, this is available from Ubuntu 17.10 onwards.
Change your exec line to be:

Exec=admin://opt/lampp/manager-linux-x64.run


How to reset software package configurations?

When you need to remove a package you have 2 options :
dpkg -r PACKAGE
will remove the package but keep all configurations files
dpkg -P PACKAGE
will remove the package and all configurations files . if the package is already removed will remove configurations files .
more informations ( man dpkg )


Shouldn't tasksel be installed by default?

According to the server manifest it is installed by default. It must have been removed at some point in your install perhaps? To reinstall it:

sudo apt-get install tasksel

The second error is probably because you haven't run updatedb yet:

sudo updatedb


I am posting an answer since I could resolve the issue using a workaround. Just in case somebody is interested.
I used the following command to destroy the juju environment
juju destroy-environment

Then I was able to run conjure-up again.


xfce4-terminal uses vte to draw the actual terminal emulator and vte does not support line wrapping. With gnome3, gnome-terminal now uses vte3 and vte3 does support does line wrapping on resize events.

Note that vte is an old version without much development going on. So I would use gnome-terminal if you can.

To open the transparency settings go in Edit -> Profile Preferences -> Colors. Click on use transparent background.

Sources:

https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=175235
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1020186


Just set the IPs manually using the 'network connection' GUI to, say, 192.168.1.1 on ubuntu 11.04 machine and 192.168.1.2 on ubuntu 12.04 machine. Set the netmask to 255.255.255.0 on both of them. Leave the dns and gateway fields blank (I am assuming you only want each other to talk with no internet). This will work. If you wish to connect just these 2 machines, then there is no need of a switch - directly connect each other with the ethernet cable.
(I assume you know how to create a new connection in ubuntu and set the ip manually.)


How to mkdir -p -m 777 to all missing pathname directories?

Here's a better way:

#!/bin/bash

dirname=000Hourly/$(date +"%m-%d-%y_%T") # Save the directory name for later access
user=bob   # Set to the username of the user who should have access.
group=bob  # Set to a group that should have access to the directory

mkdir -p "$dirname"
chown "$user:$group" "$dirname"

If only one user needs access, you're finished.

If more than one user needs to have access, create a group for everyone who needs access:

sudo groupadd mygroup

Read man groupadd for additional details, and change mygroup to whatever name you want (but it should begin with a lowercase letter or underscore and not include any spaces.

Then, add all necessary users to your new group, where user1, user2, and user3 and the usernames to add. You can add as many as you want.:

for i in user1 user2 user3; do sudo usermod -aG mygroup "$i"; done

The new group memberships will take effect after the user logs out (or the machine is rebooted).

Now, modify your script above. Set $group to your new group, and add the following line:

chmod 775 "$dirname"


Compatible OS on AMD APU Dual Core-E1-2100 with 4Gb RAM

Because the AMD E1 CPU's/APU's were very slow (I had one too), you should probably go with something like Lubuntu. And because I am Irsu and don't like to upgrade my windows and linux, I would go with 20.04 LTS.


Is there a way to search document contents using a Unity Lens in 14.04 Trusty?

OK, so after more sleuthing, I've found that the recoll-lens package was renamed to unity-scope-recoll.

So, by running:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:recoll-backports/recoll-1.15-on
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install recoll unity-scope-recoll

As an aside:
I like to have my file content search results kept up to date with changes immediately(with an SSD drive this isn't a big performance issue), so I configured recoll to index immediately and to start up the indexer when I log in:

Recoll real time indexing screenshot


Ubuntu 16.04 command line sendmail installation hanged

I just experienced this problem also. It appears to hang on line 240 of this script /usr/share/sendmail/update_tls.

To solve the problem, I executed the following commands:

cd /etc/mail/tls
sudo openssl dsaparam -out sendmail-common.prm 2048
sudo chown root:smmsp sendmail-common.prm
sudo chmod 0640 sendmail-common.prm
sudo dpkg --configure -a

It should now install.


How to make an app run as a daemon on Ubuntu when installed?

On Ubuntu (and Debian), creating a deb package would be the best way to go, as everything can be automated, so that no end-user intervention is needed. The only cases where package installation or upgrades are not automated are if the package has some configuration options that need input from the user (mainly during installation only) or if a configuration file was modified by the user and is also modified by a newer version of the package (during upgrading). In addition, after installing/upgrading a package, any startup scripts it installs are automatically started.

You can have multiple init scripts be installed, and have everything still work. In the case of systemd being installed and used on the user's computer, if there is both an init script and a systemd script for the same service, then the init script is ignored and the systemd script is used.

In terms of the packaging itself, Debian provides helper scripts that (among other things) automatically install any startup scripts you provide (I don't think upstart is supported by their helper scripts, since this is only used on Ubuntu) and start the service. For an example of the packaging, see this debian folder for the dump1090-mutability package. (Disclaimer: this is my Github account) Note that the dump1090-mutability.init file contains the init script while the dump1090-mutability.service file contains the systemd script. Note that the names of these files should be package-name.init and package-name.service, where package-name is the name of the binary package being created. (See man dh_systemd_enable and man dh_systemd_start for the systemd case.)

On packaging, both of these files are placed in the appropriate directories on the user's system, and the service is then started. For the rules file, I recommend that you have something like the following, so that you benefit from the automation (see this for the --with systemd part):

#!/usr/bin/make -f
%:
        dh $@ --with systemd

override_dh_auto_build:
        # Specify how to build the Java files here, if there is no Makefile provided

override_dh_auto_install:
        # Specify how to install the Java files here, if there is no `install` target in the Makefile. Don't worry about anything in the `debian` directory unless you need to install some icons.

If your app doesn't have a Makefile and is just a collection of Java source files, fill out override_dh_auto_build (where the source files are compiled and packaged into a JAR) and override_dh_auto_install (where the JAR is installed).
If your app has a Makefile, but doesn't have an install target, remove the override_dh_auto_build target and fill out override_dh_auto_install.
If your app has a Makefile and it has an install target (that can be used), remove both targets.
If your app is just a JAR file, remove override_dh_auto_build, and fill out override_dh_auto_install.


Mirroring 2 out of 3 HDMI displays (2 monitors and 1 TV)

xrandr --output HDMI1 --auto --rotate left --output HDMI2 --auto --rotate left --right-of HDMI1 --output HDMI3 --auto --rotate left --right-of HDMI2

You have to "play" with these commands, I have done it and it worked.


I had the same problem with my ASUS (UX580GD)

I fixed it by installing Ubuntu 18.10.

First, i tried it without installing Touch-pad worked fine.

Then, when i installed it, and after the first reboot the system freezes after login. (nothing at all responds)

I chose to boot on rescue mode and executed this command:

$ sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

Once the installation is concluded, i rebooted the system and my problem is solved.


Can I make Compiz Scale plugin show minimized windows?

Unfortunately, no, because the version of compiz in Maverick was released before this feature became available in compiz 0.9.x. This feature will most likely be there in Natty, due to a newer version of compiz, but not in Maverick.

Update:
In Natty I'm not seeing this option (though I read about compiz 0.9 getting it. I will have to try to ask Sam about it.


Script to quit and restart nautilus doesn't work

There are several problems here. Let's walk through your script.

You write pid0=$(pgrep 'nautilus'), but test the variable $pid (not $pid0) afterwards. I assume you meant to instead write

pid=$(pgrep 'nautilus')

If I understand correctly, the intention of your loop is to stall execution of the script until $pid is empty, i.e., until nautilus has stopped running. Indeed, the command nautilus -q will send a running Nautilus application the signal to quit, but the command nautilus -q itself will already have succesfully terminated before the running Nautilus application has processed that signal and successfully terminated itself also. Thus, your idea of using a loop in order to wait for the Nautilus application to terminate is valid. However, that loop does not run indefinitely as you say. Run your script with bash -x in order to see what happens. For example, this script:

#!/bin/bash -x
nautilus -q
pid=$(pgrep 'nautilus')
while [ -n "$pid" ];
do
  pid=$(pgrep 'nautilus')
  sleep 0
done
echo "Nautilus has stopped running!"

...when executed while a Nautilus application is running, gives me the following output:

+ nautilus -q
++ pgrep nautilus
+ pid=24602
+ '[' -n 24602 ']'
++ pgrep nautilus
+ pid=24602
+ sleep 0
+ '[' -n 24602 ']'
++ pgrep nautilus
+ pid=24602
+ sleep 0
+ '[' -n 24602 ']'
++ pgrep nautilus
+ pid=24602
+ sleep 0
+ '[' -n 24602 ']'
++ pgrep nautilus
+ pid=24602
+ sleep 0
+ '[' -n 24602 ']'
++ pgrep nautilus
+ pid=
+ sleep 0
+ '[' -n '' ']'
+ echo 'Nautilus has stopped running!'
Nautilus has stopped running!

As you see, the loop does not run indefinitely. In your case, the loop is never even entered in the first place, because of problem (1). To answer your question Where does the pid come from when the command is run within the script? -- The pid comes from the running Nautilus application. The reason that you do not see a pid when running pgrep nautilus after nautilus -q from the Terminal is simple: You're not fast enough. The time you take to type pgrep nautilus after you have run nautilus -q is plenty, and when you finally run that command from the terminal, the Nautilus application has already terminated long ago; thus you do not see a pid. You can check this by typing nautilus -q; pgrep nautilus (as a single command) in the terminal while a Nautilus application is running: You have a good chance of seeing a pid then.
Cosmetic: There is no point in sleep 0, and having pid=$(pgrep 'nautilus') twice in your script is a bit redundant. Start like this:

#!/bin/bash
nautilus -q
while [ -n "$(pgrep nautilus)" ]
do :
done

The reason that your script does not end is another than the loop: It is the command nautilus -n. Since this command does not terminate (by itself), your script just hangs. So you do have to run it in the background using nautilus -n &. As there is no easy way to determine from the script whether Nautilus has "completely started" such that desktop settings will apply (that I know of... save for some ugly boilerplate code that will try to set and read a dummy desktop setting in a loop in order to check that), the easiest thing is probably to just set an appropriate waiting time that will work for you in practice, say, sleep 2.

Summing up, I expect the following to work for you:

#!/bin/bash

nautilus -q
while [ -n "$(pgrep nautilus)" ]
do :
done

nautilus -n &
sleep 2
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons false
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons true


how to start application when system boots using a .desktop file

What I did is, I created a file named albert.desktop in the /home/<user_name>/.config/autostartthen I used the above code snippet:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=Albert
Exec=/usr/bin/albert
Icon=/home/<user_name>/Pictures/albert
Comment=Albert is an application that searches the file system like dash on ubuntu
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true

And everything worked just fine!


What are the disadvantages of having a dot in a user name?

POSIX states this about usernames:

  [...] To be portable across systems conforming to IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, the value is composed of characters from the portable filename character set. The hyphen should not be used as the first character of a portable user name.

... where the portable filename character set is:

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 . _ -

Also, the manpage for the /etc/adduser.conf file  states:

   VALID NAMES
          adduser and addgroup enforce conformity to IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,
          which  allows  only  the following characters to appear in group
          and user names: letters, digits, underscores, periods, at  signs
          (@) and dashes. The name may not start with a dash. The "$" sign
          is allowed at the end of usernames (to conform to samba).

          An additional  check  can  be  adjusted  via  the  configuration
          parameter NAME_REGEX to enforce a local policy.

However,

Whilst both specifications seem to include the dot, Ubuntu (on my 13.04 at least) seems to disallow it:

⊳ sudo adduser as.df
adduser: Please enter a username matching the regular expression configured
via the NAME_REGEX[_SYSTEM] configuration variable.  Use the `--force-badname'
option to relax this check or reconfigure NAME_REGEX.

The default NAME_REGEX in Ubuntu is (from the /etc/adduser.conf manpage):

^[a-z][-a-z0-9]*$

Starting with a lowercase letter then any number of dashes, lowercase letters or digits. No _, @ or ..

So,

in conclusion a dot . may be used for a Ubuntu username, the NAME_REGEX just has to be changed in /etc/adduser.conf. Seeing as it conforms to POSIX, there shouldn't be any problems with having a . in the username with any POSIX-compliant program.

To enable a dot in usernames

Run this command in a terminal:

sudo nano /etc/adduser.conf

Locate this line (near the end of the file)

#NAME_REGEX="^[a-z][-a-z0-9]*$"

and replace it with

NAME_REGEX='^[a-z][-.a-z0-9]*$'

Note that the - must remain the first character in the bracket expression [...], otherwise it is treated as specifying a range a-z.
Press Ctrl+X, then Y, then Enter.

References:

Why are underscores not allowed in usernames in some distros (Debian for example)
man adduser.conf


My server is making me download the code instead of running it

You have no handler for php.

do :

apt-get install php5-fpm

and then add this to your virtualhost :

location ~ \.php$ {
                try_files $uri =404;
                fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
                # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini

                # With php5-cgi alone:
                #fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
                # With php5-fpm:
                fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
                fastcgi_index index.php;
                include fastcgi_params;
        }


Chines language support showing empty result for zh

To make things faster, I will post this in English, but let me know whether or not I should translate things in Chinese. 如果需要翻译， 请告诉我

According to man page,

  check-language-support  - returns the list of missing packages in
         order to provide a complete language environment

It's purpose is to check for missing ( -l zh ) or installed (--show-installed) language packages. But you still should be able to download the language packages, even if this command does not work.

Bellow I will post output for what I have installed and what I have not installed on my system, according to this command. I have couple different desktop environments (gnome cinnamon, and kde), so you do not need all of these packages, just select what is necessary for you. Any ibus package is important , so feel free downloading that. I do not know whether reboot is needed after downloading, but I recommend doing so for changes to take effect.

Among other things I'd recommend getting zhcon package and zh-autoconvert package. You can find information about them by using apt-cache search chinese (which is what i did).

You should be able to do the very same thing I described here with Language support in system options. In fact, if some packages are missing, it should tell you, like it did to me when i opened it.


Command to open new tab in the current terminal

If you just want to open a new tab

To open a new tab in the current opened terminal you can press SHIFT+CTRL+T.
Alternatively, use the top level menu, which shows the keyboard shortcut (see screenshot below)

If you want to do it from the command line

Install xdotool - a program that lets you simulate keyboard input (among other things).

sudo apt-get install xdotool

then type in the terminal:

xdotool key ctrl+shift+t

That will simulate pressing the key combination, and open the new tab in the terminal.


Remove many packages via Kubuntu software center with only one password entry?

Synaptic Package Manager, which can be installed alongside another software center, allows the user to install/uninstall multiple packages with a single click. You don't need to authenticate with your user password to install/uninstall multiple packages except for once each time before launching Synaptic. To install Synaptic on all currently supported versions of Ubuntu/Kubuntu open the terminal and type:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install synaptic

Package search by section type in Synaptic

The Origin button in the left pane of Synaptic allows the user to search for packages filtered by their software source.


Ubuntu 13.10 clean install not really clean?

With exception of /home a clean install is really clean. As you can see in your installation logs. Instead of countless attempts to fix issues by just reinstalling the operating system you should instead try to:

Make screenshots, photos or write down the error messages.
Put them into your favorite internet search engine, because you might not be the only one getting these error messages. If you get no results for the exact error message, try to remove overly specific information like your username in paths and try again.
Open a separate question for each problem you cannot solve yourself with the corresponding error message(s) and provide further details regarding the problem.

See also: How do I ask a good question?


Wrong IP for Airport Express v1 - AirPlay in PulseAudio RAOP, Ubuntu 18.04

I was beating my head against the same issue for a while on Arch, and eventually found a solution via this thread:

https://github.com/hfujita/pulseaudio-raop2/issues/21

The solution was to run the command sudo avahi-autoipd --force-bind wlp4s0. You would have to replace wlp4s0 with the name of the interface you are using to connect to the internet. For you it might be wlan0 for wifi or eth0 for ethernet; I expect you can figure out that part yourself.

Not being an IT expert, I gathered that the AirPort Express is putting out a link-local address (169.x instead of 192.x), and your computer can see it, but since your machine doesn't have a link-local address of its own it can't stream to the AirPort. The above command assigns your computer a link-local address.

If this doesn't work for you, there are a few other workarounds in that thread, but they appear to be more complex.


Installing a downgraded version of Firefox 16 from PPA

For me the issue was solved using the following steps:

download Firefox from Mozialla:

cd ~/Downloads
wget http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/firefox/releases/16.0/linux-x86_64/en-US/firefox-16.0.tar.bz2`

for single-user installation:

unpack the archive within my home directory:
mkdir -p ~/bin/firefox-16
cd ~/bin/firefox-16
tar -xjf ~/Downloads/firefox-16.0.tar.bz2
Create a symlink to my ~/bin directory:
ln -s ~/bin/firefox-16/firefox ~/bin/firefox
I did that long time ago already, for you the step might be missing: open your ~/.profile and make sure to have ~/bin at the beginning of your $PATH:
# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists
if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH"
fi

For global installation, simply use the same steps as root, but replace the locations:

unpack to /usr/local/bin/firefox-16
symlink: ln -s /usr/local/bin/firefox-16/firefox /usr/local/bin/firefox

For the global installation, no update of profiles should be required, as /usr/local/bin should already be in the $PATH. In both cases it is important this new path precedes /usr/bin (i.e. the new path should come before it), so the manually installed firefox is found first.


Resize partitions from back unallocated partitions

its because your system is accessing it.
You need to boot from a usb flash drive and then change it using gparted.


I found the fix.
I installed ubuntu 19.04 (in dualboot).it didn't fix the problem but when i :

disabled fast boot in the bios
updated completely the pc
reboot

and now it is working like a charm !

So the asus zenbook UM431D works perfectly with ubuntu 19.04 (all the features: bluetooth,wifi, screen , battery, sound,...)

Jean-Christophe


Simple and easy way to bypass blocked sites

It depends on how your ISP blocks websites.

In the simplest case, ISP's DNS server only returns wrong answers. Simply writing nameserver 8.8.8.8 (that's google's public DNS server, you can also use alternatives such as OpenDNS (208.67.222.222) or others, or your own DNS resolver) to /etc/resolv.conf will solve that.

If the ISP blocks traffic to certain IPs, you need to route through at least one other node, for example with an HTTP proxy (such as squid), SOCKS proxy, VPN, or an anonymization network such as Tor. The proxy must be installed in a censorship-free location; installing squid on your local computer will not change anything.

If the ISP blocks by keywords (i.e. uses Deep Packet Inspection), you can avoid those either with a VPN or an anonymization network, or with encrypted (e.g. HTTPS) connections.


Three finger swipe not working with xswipe

xSwipe is limited, it focuses on swiping, vertical or horizontal, and on multi-finger clicks. There is no support for pinching, rotating or tapping, and there are no application specific gestures.

In order for it to work you need to install libx11-guitest-perl

sudo -i
apt-get update
apt-get install libx11-guitest-perl

If you already have a synaptics conf file then open it up and check your trackpad section for the line:

Option "SHMConfig" "on"

Source & More info


/home is not your home folder, neither is /. These directories are intended to belong to root, and so it does on your system.

Your home folder is inside /home, i.e. /home/yourusername. This subfolder belongs to you, but not its parent home. Nearly everything outside your home folder doesn't belong to you only to protect the system. If every user and every program had access to the whole file system, the system may break pretty fast.

So everything's fine, you're just searching at the wrong place. If you indeed need to access these directories (which you shouldn't as a mere user), start nautilus with gksudo nautilus to gain root access.


Ok this is embarrassing, it was just a slightly loose cable as suggested by Mitch, but anyway this could help someone with the same problem to realize that maybe it is not a driver/system/configuration problem.


Do I need a bootable USB drive to install Ubuntu?

To install Ubuntu you'll need either -

USB key with 1GB of free space + Unetbootin to copy the CD to USB and make it bootable
A burned DVD of the Ubuntu ISO (CD is no longer supported, because of 950MB image size)
To mount the Ubuntu.iso in Windows8 and launch "Wubi", Windows Ubuntu installer.

You'll need at least a 6GB partition, but that's really shrunk. I personally wouldn't go under 25GB.

You can "just" install it to your laptop.


chromium browser 34 version repository download

Try this:
https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/chromium-browser/

That should be fairly easy to install.


By the tool bars, I'm guessing you mean the message indicator menu. In this case, this is a known bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/indicator-messages/+bug/1040259

In 12.10, the libindicate API was deprecated and a new API was introduced (libmessaging-menu). If you look at the bug page, many applications are in the process of being ported to this new API, including Pidgin.

Looks like the Pidgin bug is in progress at least, so we'll have to wait this out.


After change to new computer I can't access any of my external devices

Well I might know the solution but I need toknow a few things as well.
The first is are you using the GUI version of the terminal version of ubuntu?
secondly is what version of ubuntu are you using?

now for solutions that might remove or bypass the problem

Solution 1
If the sd card doesn't allow you to ut files on or retrive files the switch on the SD card might be on the lock position, the simple fix is to put it in the ther position
Solution 2
If the switch is in the right position and still can't acces the files, try giving your account name and password from your old pc to the files, I don't know if you have to do this if you try opening a file or in it's settings since every file wants it different (in my experince)
Solution 3
If the second solution didn't work or can't be done try unlocking the files on your old pc, by giving permission to the everybody tag in the settings of the file.

i hope one of these solutions has solved your problem if not i will look further into it


Synchronizing (updating) published files

Right now it depends a lot on how you update the published file. For instance, copying over a published file with another file from outside the published folders works every time. Other scenarios I'd have to test to make sure, but I know some scenarios that would ideally work don't work yet. We will get round to fixing it so it "just works" in all the different scenarios, but regrettably not in time for the next release as far as I can tell.


Black screen when i try to install ubuntu 18 via usb

This sounds like a graphics problem. To confirm, please follow these steps:

Power on your machine with the Ubuntu boot-able installation USB connected.
You might need to hold the left Shift at boot to see this screen:

Press F6 to bring up the Other Options menu.
Select nomodeset and press Enter so it becomes selected with an x in front of it like in the image above.
Press Esc once.
Select Try Ubuntu without installing and press Enter

Now try Ubuntu. If it works fine on your system, please move on to installation.

You will need to connect your computer to the Internet and make sure to select Install third-party software for graphics when you are presented with this screen:

If you manage to install Ubuntu successfully. Then you solved the installation issue.

If all good, then well done.

If you require more help with configuring your graphics, then you are most welcome to open a new question and we will help.

Best of luck


Trying to understand how "linux utility disk" bypasses the LUKS encryption

Please note the flag at the top of that wiki article:

  Candidate for Deletion

  This article may not be appropriate for this wiki, and may be deleted.

Furthermore the note is incorrect.  I've notified someone higher up as I can't edit this myself.  Seems to be an immutable page.


Can I divide a monitor so that windows only open to 1/2 of the monitor width?

I don't know about full screen, but you can certainly maximise to half a screen.

In either Unity or Gnome, simply drag the window to the left or right edge of either screen, and you should see an orange indicator covering half the screen (the colour probably depends on your theme). When you see that, release the mouse button, and the window should automatically fill half the screen.

Hope that helps


Ubuntu focal fossa and Sony A7RII usb tethering

At the end it was caused by cabling: the USB cable I was using was a charge-only cable.
You must be sure that the cable connects all of the four pins


How to have multiple Icons sets on different workspaces in Lubuntu?

Do you mean one workspace has Gnome icons and the next has Unity icons?

If so, I doubt that's possible because when your Linux boots up your desktop environment say Gnome, Gnome now "controls" the environment and how you interact with it, so if you moved to the next environment, your PC would need to turn off the Gnome environment and load up the LXDE environment, that means you'll have to wait to use it again.

We can't waste time, especially when you are working on a project.

If not, then you can try this, quite a lengthy but informative guide on changing icons.

Here is another site for your question.


The operating system was installed via UEFI (on the dvd) onto a system running with BIOS (not UEFI compatible). When I upgraded the BIOS firmware to a UEFI version, I fixed the problem entirely.

PLease note that I did reinstall the OS in legacy mode (BIOS) and still was unable to boot. It was only when I upgraded the motherboard to UEFI that I was able to boot into the OS.


Re-install Ubuntu on Ubuntu without CD - USB

I think what you're looking for is like a restore feature? If so, you'd have to make a back up first, so that you have a restore point, and then you can use that to "start over".

You can find these settings in System Settings > > System > Backups


"Default boot device missing or boot failed" after erasing GPT

"MBR Protective" is a part of the GPT, but since you've deleted the GPT partitioning, you will need to reinstall then restore from your last backup.


Ubuntu seems to mount flash drives and SD Cards, but they will not open in Nautilus

Try System Settings - Details - Removable Media and change all options to Ask what to do. Try having nautilus open when you insert the flash drive or SD card. It should appear in the left hand column as a removable ejectable drive and you can browse it normally.


How do I unsubscribe from a Launchpad bug?

Short version:

Visit the original bug (the one your bug has been marked a duplicate of)
Add /+subscribe to the end of the URL and follow the instructions

Long version:

Locate the unsubscribe link on the bug page:

Visit the original bug (the one your bug has been marked a duplicate of)
Scroll down and look on the right for a box that starts "You are [PENCIL ICON] subscribed..."

This is under the long "Duplicates of this bug" list and above the long "Other bug subscribers" list
You can add #portlet-subscription to the end of the bug URL to jump there automatically. For example, https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-graphics-drivers-331-updates/+bug/1268257#portlet-subscription

To simply unsubscribe:

Click the "Mute bug mail" link

For other options:

Click "Edit bug mail"
Pick an option (I've highlighted two that might be helpful):

Mute all emails from this bug
Receive all emails about this bug
Subscribe to all notifications except comments for this bug
Only receive an email when the bug is closed

Click on "Other subscriptions"

You may want to unsubscribe from these too

Additional notes:

Avoid posting any comments yourself, unless in response to a developer needing information in order to fix the bug. Even if others post inflammatory comments.

You may want to consider updating the description to direct others, as I have done in the linked bug. But I'm not actually sure about the policy on this.


That line worked for me, it fixed my Minecraft sound problem without resetting anything.

options snd-hda-intel model=generic

I put it at the end of

/etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf


How to access an application from the System menu

Have you tried pressing [Super] (which will open Unity launcher) and typing PHPStorm?

If you do, then try to find binary file. There are few commands which, I hope, will help:

$ sudo find / -type f -executable -name '*phpstorm*'

which will find every file with phpstorm phrase in it's name, or

$ which phpstorm

which will look for binary file in bin directories or

$ locate phpstorm

which will give you similar results to first command, but with non-binary files.

If you'll find binary, then use it's path in launcher creation.


How can I make Ubuntu/GNOME look better i.e more smaller and compact?

The GTK themes tend to have a lot of padding. A theme like Clearlooks compact gives Eclipse a whole new look. See here, for instance: http://martin.ankerl.com/2007/11/04/clearlooks-compact-gnome-theme/

On the other hand, you can hand-edit the files and achieve a customized look. See here: http://lj4newbies.blogspot.com/2008/02/make-your-eclipse-look-better-on-ubuntu.html


Is a swappiness value of 0 safe? How about 1? What is the minimum?

It depends on how much physical memory your Ubuntu have, we can ask ourself that why should I use a high swappiness value when I got a lot of memory?
You can also experiment to see what is going to be the best for your situation, however I don't suggest you to disable swapping using "0", use something like "10" to improve performance. if you want something close to "0" then go with "1".
How the numbers work

The parameter value set to “60” means that your kernel will swap when RAM reaches 40% capacity. Setting it to “100” means that your kernel will try to swap everything. Setting it to 10 (like I did on this tutorial) means that swap will be used when RAM is 90% full. [1]

In other words, "60" means start swapping when 60% of memory's capacity is left.
0 and 1

“1” is the minimum possible “active swapping” setting while “0” means disable swapping completely and only revert to when RAM is completely filled. [1]

recommendations?
Here's a good article to read including recommendations.


Daniel, there is a hidden folder ~/.config (so in your home directory). Could you make >it visible by typing Ctrl+H while in your home directory and remove the libreoffice >folder inside that folder? Good chance that all works fine then. Possibly (probably, my >guess) some settings file is damaged. Those files are not removed when uninstalling I >believe. –  Jacob Vlijm 2 days ago"

After removing the libreoffice folder, I restarted the computer, reinstalled libreoffice and it ran fine.


How can I have taskbar at the bottom of the screen in Ubuntu 15?

There is no "taskbar" in GNOME 3.

The GNOME 3 way to switch apps/open new ones is to hover/click your mouse on the "Activities" in the top-left corner.

If you want a (sort-of) taskbar, you may be interested in tint2, or Docky or Plank (beta). You can also use Dash-to-Dock, a GNOME extension.


Accidentally deleted Win 8 while installing Ubuntu 14

From what information you provided you have three options:
1 Buy a new computer
2 Take your computer into a repair place
3 Take a USB stick to a friend with a computer and download Ubuntu into the USB stick then install on your computer.
Your online asking a question so you have something to get online with, can you download and write a file to an USB thumb drive from the unit your using to post this question?
If you have issues creating the USB linux bootable image:
http://www.pendrivelinux.com/downloads/Universal-USB-Installer/Universal-USB-Installer-1.9.5.8.exe


to give you a real help, these error-lines shown would be really important!

The error-output shown can tell me, what went wrong. Please insert the error-output here, so that we can give you real help.

And I also assume, that there are some dependency-problems or held packages, so that something could have gone wrong with installing of these stated programs.

The easiest way in this case is to try to boot into the recovery-mode
(the second line in the Grub-Bootmanager; therefore, keep the shift-key pressed during boot to enter Grub-Bootmenue).

There, these programs should be uninstalled again and then try to reboot.
If it works and you get back to your desktop, open the Terminal and run complete update and dist-upgrade by typing in these commands:

sudo apt-get update

Let this run through completely! Then enter this command:

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Let this also run through completely. Then close the Terminal and try to reboot.
Does this work?? If so and if your are able to get back to your desktop, then open Synaptic and install these photo-editing programs again.

Question: does Synaptic give any error-outputs during install?? Does it say anything about broken or held packages?? If so, then please return back here, so that we can help you.

Greetings
Andrea


How do I install the latest version of node.js?

Per the Node.js website:
# Using Ubuntu
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_14.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

Then, you will have the latest version of Node.js.
If you're not a fan of curl <url> | bash -, or are using an unsupported distribution, you can try a manual installation.


Go to:

cd /var/lib/dpkg/info

Type

ls -l mysql*

If a file comes up such as "mysql-common.list" or "mysql-common.md5sums" or anything, do the following:

sudo mv ./mysql-common.list ~/mysql-common.list

and if this exist

sudo mv ./mysql-common.md5sum ~/mysql-common.md5sum

Reboot the system. Then let us know what is your status afterwards (not working... working... semi working...)

Note: If they are there in that directory, cat them open and see if there is a blank line at the end or hidden characters etc. (cat ./mysql-common.md5sum). If you are unable to tell if there are hidden characters in those files messing them up run do this (it removes all letters and numbers and slashes which would be in those files):

cat ./mysql-common.list | egrep -v [[:alpha:]]

Anything showing after that except /. or /.. is your problem line.


Dual Boot Ubuntu on Windows 7 not working

@user3204773
There are many good tutorials on dual booting Ubuntu along side windows. I recently configure a Toshiba Satellite with the aid of below mentioned referances. Also can you tell us what you have done so far.

How did you create the partitions?

What are the bios settings?
Below are few good reference that might help you.

References

Dual boot windows 8 and ubuntu-12-10 in uefi mode Install Ubuntu
Linux alongside windows Installing
Ubuntu on a Pre-Installed Windows 8 (64-bit) System (UEFI Supported)


You can change the default grub boot entry from the console in DragonOS.

First, take a look inside /boot/grub/grub.cfg to see what exactly the boot entry is called, e.g. for

menuentry 'Ubuntu' [options] {

the name would be Ubuntu.

Then, make a backup copy of /etc/default/grub:

sudo cp /etc/default/grub /etc/default/grub.bak

Then edit the file using nano or the text editor of your choice:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Find the line that contains

GRUB_DEFAULT=xxxxxx

and change whatever is in xxxxxx to the name you found in the first step.

Finally,

sudo update-grub

And reboot!


how to change the path of an icon in the unity launcher

I'd try to change the exec line in /usr/share/applications/thunderbird.desktop to execute the binary in your home folder (e.g. /home/username/bin/tunderbird). I hope thunderbird.desktop is the right filename.

Or you make a symbolic link /usr/bin/thunderbird to /home/username/bin/thunderbird. With the symbolic link you are able to start your version of thunderbird from konsole, too.


E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1), ubuntu 16.04

It is solved by removing the package kscertrelay-nx-installer which caused the issue

sudo apt-get --purge remove kscertrelay-nx-installer


Nautilus crashes on file/folder drag, Icon issues 14.04

I couldn't figure it out so for a fix I reinstalled Ubuntu from a live CD in root and boot... Since I have different partitions for root, boot, home and swap, none of my data was changed. I had to reinstall all the apps and tweaks I had previously, but since home was unaffected, all my settings, bookmarks, app state etc remained as it was.


How to switch from GRUB to Windows Boot Selection?

As far as I'm concerned, if you get the Windows Bootloader instead of GRUB, you will not be able to dual-boot; you'll only be able to boot into Windows 7.  However, if you install Grub Customizer from within Ubuntu, then you can choose to make Windows 7 your default boot entry and every time the computer boots up you'll automatically boot into Windows.
To install Grub Customizer follow the instructions here:
Grub Customizer or here:  Updated Instructions for Grub Customizer


What can I use to manage PWA(password agent) files?

Export the password in Password Agent as csv. Then import them in Ubuntu using Keepass.

http://keepass.info/features.html


Using

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-intel

fixed the issue for me.

However, now the mouse cursor disappears when waking from sleep. I haven't found a fix for this, but a work-around is to use Ctrl+Alt+F1 and then Ctrl+Alt+F7.


How to remove the GobiNet and GobiSerial driver from ubuntu 16.04

Removing drivers
To remove drivers from memory use:
modprobe -vr GobiSerial
modprobe -vr GobiNet

To prevent drivers from loading in the first place see blacklisting:

How to blacklist kernel modules?

Gobiserial specific
If your desire is to fix bad drivers then as per this website you must install firmware updates via Windows, not Linux:

FIRMWARE UPDATE: (Incase you need one)
The firmware update has to be done on windows. Insert the device into a windows box, and let it
install drivers and enumerate interafaces. Make sure you can see the
managment webpage.

Note the three typos in the original instructions, it's a bad omen....


how do i install ubuntu 12.04 inside windows 7

Can't run it in VmWare? Try VirtualBox. If you only want it for shell scripting and coding, do you need a particular desktop environment? If not, I'd recommend Lubuntu, as LXDE is much lighter than Gnome (whether Unity, Gnome Shell or Gnome Classic) or KDE. Apparently some people got Ubuntu working in Microsoft VirtualPC (not supported, but can work).


How to delete files when their amount reaches >N number of files?

Assuming format to be any of the jpg, jpeg and png you can write a short script which counts and deletes all files if the count is >=1000. A short working example would be:

#!/bin/bash

count=`ls -l *.{jpg,jpeg,png} | wc -l`

if [ $count -gt 1000 ]
then
    echo "Deleting old 1000 image files"
    for i in $(ls -lt *.{jpg,jpeg,png} | head -n 1000)
    do
        rm $i
    done
fi

You can then add this script to crontab to execute it every 10 minutes(for example).
Type crontab -e to edit it.


You didn't mention which boot manager is your preference, windows or Ubuntu.

If you want windows to manage the boot menu, it wouldn't recognize Ubuntu directly without a 3rd party boot manager like easyBCD.
 If you want Ubuntu to manager the boot menu, you need to load grub2. or you can repair your windows boot manager from the windows 7 install disk in repair mode.


I just installed Ubuntu Restricted. How to use java?

Well the restricted extras doesn't give Oracle's JDK for some reason. (Not for me anyway) There are many tutorials on how to install java. Many are convoluted and have you use extra steps that really are not needed. But here is how I install Oracle's JDK.

First type in the terminal:

sudo apt-get purge openjdk*

To get rid of openjdk if it is there.

Then download a nifty .rpm to .deb converter called alien

sudo apt-get install alien

Download Oracle's JRE or JDK .rpm file.

Then run

sudo alien jdk-7u45-linux-x64.rpm --scripts

if the .rpm name is different replace mine with the correct one. Alien will convert the .rpm to a .deb The --scripts prefix is important, do not leave it out or it will not convert the .rpm.

Run the .deb

Now you have Oracle's JDK. Don't install Eclipse from the Ubuntu Software Center. For some reason the Software Center installs OpenJDK and replaces it with the Oracle one. The update alternatives doesn't point to the directory Oracle's JDK is installed in. Your best bet to run Eclipse is to download the .zip file and unpackage it somewhere.

The draw back is you have to run jars in the terminal. Not really a drawback from my perspective, but some people want to just double click. I find though that using the terminal actually shows what is kind of going on and it helps with finding bugs easier.


Try with

sudo dpkg -l | grep mysql

It will list the packages belonging to the mysql.

Then try the following command

sudo apt-get --purge autoremove mysql*
sudo apt-get autoclean

After that

sudo rm -r /var/lib/mysql
sudo rm -r /etc/mysql

After the above steps try installing mysql again.


XPS 13 Dual Boot New 1080p Edition 2xUSB 3.0

Dual-boot on the XPS13 detailed on http://debian.netside.net/xps13_linux.html

While the setup described nukes Windows 8, you could easily keep Windows and install Linux alongside on the HD - just shrink the 222G ntfs partition #5 and use the free space to create your Linux partitions. I needed all of the disk to install two versions of Linux, so Windows is gone. It is best to first install a working Linux version on a USB stick and then use gdisk from shell to partition properly.


Guayadeque have now gstreamer 1.0 support. See http://github.com/anonbeat/guayadeque. Porting code to wx3.0 is in progress.

Instructions to build from source:

  First go to a folder where you have write permissions. In this folder
  you are going to create a guayadeque folder and compile it from
  there.

sudo apt-get install git build-essential cmake gettext
sudo apt-get install libwxgtk3.0-dev libtag1-dev libwxsqlite3-3.0-dev libsqlite3-dev
sudo apt-get install libcurl4-gnutls-dev libdbus-1-dev libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev libgpod-dev libindicate-dev
cd folder_where_to_create_the_program
git clone https://github.com/anonbeat/guayadeque.git
cd guayadeque
./build
sudo make install

  With that you should have it compiled from source and installed.

(Source)


keyboard mousepad not working after 18.04 upgrade

Try to search for the version of your efficient kernel from kernel.ubuntu.com and then try to install all the packages using

dpkg -i *.deb

Hope this will solve your problem.


System cannot run binary file - "no such file or directory"

There are multiple explanations for what might be going on:

You are in the wrong directory. Check by using ls and to find the full path use pwd
The permissions on the file do not allow the program to be an executable. Check with ls -la then the file permissions should have -rwxrwxrwx in some form where if they are not there then there will be a - in it's place. Change it with chmod 775 <BinaryNameHERE>

Check these two possible solutions and also please provide more detail so we can work through your problem.


Change grub bootloader for another distro's bootloader

It might be a dangerous solution: just uninstall GRUB.
Edit: just looked around and people are saying it is either laborious or impossible to remove. There are some solutions like hiding the GRUB screen or even just disabling rather than removing. I managed to get my rEFInd bootloader working instead of GRUB, so if you need any config files, let me know.


Mkusb, https://help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb, will automatically make a Grub2 Persistent Live USB with persistent partitions of whatever size you want, (limited only by USB size).

It will make the remaining space the first partition with NTFS formating so it can be used by both Linux and Windows.

It is a Linux tool but can be easily installed to a Live session on CD and used from there.

I do not worry about too many writes to Flash drive, they are good for at least 10000 writes, even with a write speed of 50 MB/s that is a long time.
I think you can edit grub so it does not come up with every boot.


Dualboot - replace Linux Mint with Ubuntu without cd and usb

What you can do without losing your home files is that you can do a install from the live cd and start it as normal. When it gets to the installation type screen, select 'Something Else', then click 'next'. You then select your linux mint system drive and click on 'Change'. You make sure it is the same file system, make sure the mount point is '/' and make sure there is a tick in the box next to 'Format the partition' then click on 'OK'. For your home folder, select that drive, make sure it is the same file system, set the mount point as '/home' and leave the box next to 'Format this partition' UNCHECKED. Then click on 'OK' then continue onto the rest of the installation. Whenit gets to the user creation screen, just make sure you have THE EXACT SAME LOGIN USERNAME AND PASSWORD as before. Then you will not lose any personal files whilst you are moving to Ubuntu or to any other Linux Distro. No need to shrink partitions, or setup a triple boot or a VM like your other replies that you got.


Ubuntu 14.04.1-amd64 crashes on startup from DVD during installation -- possibly video card driver?

Trying to install with minimal-cd

http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/trusty/main/installer-amd64/current/images/netboot/mini.iso

To install, boot your computer from the the Minimal CD and type "cli" (command line install) at the prompt.

You can then follow the instructions from the text-based installer.

The official Ubuntu Installation Guide:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation


Sony Vaio-Brightness Settings not Changing

First give a try to obacklight.

Earlier it solved may problems with sony laptops. Most preferable solution. It is based on nvidabl. You need to install nvidiabl first. Installation instruction is available on the page.

If the above is not working, revert back all changes. Uninstall nvidiabl & remove obacklight script from /etc/init.d. Then follow below instructions:

Execute gksu gedit /etc/default/grub
Change this line:

GRUB_CMLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to something like the below:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor"

Execute sudo update-grub and reboot.

See if brightness keys are working.

It is still possible ubuntu won't remember your brightness settings. So you have to change brightness each time.

This is for setting the brightness manually after doing the above steps.

Try the following for the paths shown by the command ls /sys/class/backlight/*/brightness and replace accordingly. An example path will be like /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness.

For the path(s), get the maximum brightness:

cat /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/max_brightness

Try a lower value to set the brightness. Let's say if the output is 16, try half the number:

echo 8 | sudo tee  /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

If this works,  make this happen in each login automatically by doing the following:

sudo gedit /etc/rc.local
Enter this line just before exit 0. It should look like

echo YOUR_VALUE_HERE > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness
exit 0

Another fix if the above fails:

Run nVidia X Server settings which you can find in the Application menu.
Select X Server Display configuration and chose the save to x configuration file option. This will build file xorg.conf. Close Nvidia X Server settings.
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf in terminal.
Find this section:

Section "Device"
Identifier     "Device0"
Driver         "nvidia"
VendorName     "NVIDIA Corporation"
BoardName      "GeForce GT 540M"
EndSection

And change it to something like this:

Section "Device"
Identifier     "Device0"
Driver         "nvidia"
VendorName     "NVIDIA Corporation"
BoardName      "GeForce GT 540M"
Option "RegistryDwords" "EnableBrightnessControl=1"
EndSection

Reboot.


Enabling Intel virtual technology option in bios will remove the kvm disabled by bios
error.


But Juju Quickstart is still a validate solution to use on Ubuntu 16.04Lts?

Juju quickstart is a helper application which worked with the previous series of Juju clients (1.x). It is still in the archive for 16.04 because the previous series of Juju is still available there I imagine (the package is called juju-1.25).

Most of the functionality of Quickstart has been replaced or is no longer needed, e.g. Juju 2.x can deploy bundles and has interactive helpers for setting up cloud configuration and credentials.


who is trying to brute-force my password?

All those attempted logins are for the root user so it looks like just basic brute-force attempts via SSH.

It's entirely normal for a public-facing server to have lots of SSH brute-force attempts a day.  It's a fact of life.  You can start reporting them to the ISP who owns the IP address, but it's whack-a-mole and you're not going to make a big difference.  They're using compromised computers all over the internet and/or hosting accounts they signed up for under false details.

What would make a difference is if everyone decided to disable root login over SSH, and/or require key-based login for root (or for everyone).  As long as you've done one of these the brute-force attempts will basically be ineffective.  But because enough people still leave plain root login enabled, and have a guessable password on it, these attacks continue.

Another thing that some people recommend is switching your SSH daemon to a non-standard port number. This doesn't really give a significant security benefit but it will cut down on the number of attempts reaching your logfiles.

As for your second question, this is just Cron running, which is the program that runs scheduled tasks.  All systems have a bunch of scheduled tasks configured by default by the system.  Since cron can run different tasks as different users it uses pam_unix to handle starting a user session, even when root, so that's why it appears in that log.


Read RAID array from partitions within ISO files and disks

Use the man mdadm command and check the integrity of the array, use mdadm --zero-superblock --force to clean up superblocks from failed attempts that may already contain service information.
For a 6-disk RAID-5 with 1TB disk, the failure rate due to BER is estimated at 4-5%, and 4-disk for 4TB disk, it will already reach 16-20%.
And if you use BER (Bit Error Rate), further increases the probability of failure during a massive read of the entire disk volume. RAID-5 this was the first and final error.
I can already see it here: /dev/md/0 vs /dev/md0.
Check your `raid-mdadm.conf ' file.


postfixadmin error Table 'postfixadmin.config' doesn't exist

I found that running https://yourdomainname/postfixadmin/setup.php helped me find the problem. And that in fact the table config was missing, because the install process never got triggered. It was using setup.php that made things start to fall in place.


Multiple Monitors: Monitor not turning on

Fixed by using the FN+F8 shortcut multiple times until I get the desired configuration. Shortcut may be different on other laptop brands.


This appears to happen when Dropbox has partially synced, but has a lot more data left to sync after the machine has been restated.

Simply leaving the machine running for a long time seemed to sort this.


Keyboard shorcut to zap/roam between different windows of the same application

When you do the Alt+TAB you will notice a little down arrow below each app. If you continue to hold down Alt a window will appear below that with all open windows of the same app. While not letting Alt go, now press the ` and it will cycle through all those windows of the same app. Without letting go of Alt you can now press TAB again to cycle back through open apps.

Hope this helps!


Unable to access "VBOXADDITIONS_4.3.10_93012"

Since you upgraded your VM, I'd suggest to update the Guest additions with the VM package manager in order to get their up-to-date versions.

Login first into your VM and open a Terminal to type:

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-dkms virtualbox-guest-utils virtualbox-guest-x11

Finally restart the VM to complete the installation.

Now you can safely detach the old guest additions ISO from your VM.


Install both python-tk(2.7.5) and python3-tk(3.6.3) on Ubuntu 14.04

It seems that ppa:jonathonf/python-3.6 caused problems on your system.

Two options here:

keep it and install packages from repository with sudo apt-get install python3-tk=3.4.3-1~14.04.2 blt=2.4z-7ubuntu2;
remove it with sudo ppa-purge ppa:jonathonf/python-3.6 and then install all updates with sudo apt-get dist-upgrade and your packages with sudo apt-get install python-tk python3-tk blt.


To install the latest VLC :
Add repository :
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/vlc

Delete previous versions VLC :
sudo apt remove vlc vlc-nox

Update and install the latest VLC version :
sudo apt update && sudo apt install vlc

To install from snap, follow this link :
How to install the vlc 3.0 snap in linux


I use Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, but I still had problems shutting down as well.
The solution I found was just to go into the Terminal and type sudo shutdown -h now, but your problem seems different. I see you've already tried that option. Maybe specify a scheduled shutdown instead, or do sudo shutdown instead. Often the -h now command messes up shutting the PC down. Also, is there a power button located anywhere on your machine?

For example, I have a desktop (HP Envy 750-045z), and when I want to shut it down, but sudo shutdown -h now does not work, I simply walk over to my desktop case and hold down the power button for a solid 6 seconds.

This seems to work. Even if your OS is acting up and not allowing you to shut down, the button on your machine will tend to work better.


The new Saucy Salamander bcmwl-kernel-source seems to fix all my WiFi issues.

To install this driver in Ubuntu 13.04, follow these steps:

Download the driver module form here
Open terminal and type: cd Downloads
Then type: sudo dpkg -i bcmwl-kernel-source_6.30.223.30+bdcom-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb

The b43 driver I used to avoid the kernel panics with the older bcmwl-kernel-source had several issues. The two most general issues were that it cut my WiFi speed in half, giving me speed test results of 15Mbps when I should have 30Mbps. The second issue were that it took 30-50 seconds to connect after boot or suspend.

Both issues are resolved after installing the new bcmwl-kernel-source module.

So far the new module has worked perfectly!


How do I install Ubuntu without losing personal data?

Well, there are 2 cheap/easy solution is (if your hard disk can hold the double of data that you have):

Using Ubuntu almost all the time (aka I don't want to use Windows)

Defragment the Windows partition.
Boot up with the Ubuntu live cd/usb.
Start GParted.
Shrink the NTFS partition.
Create another partition.
Store the stuff in the new partition.
Remove the old partition.
Tell the installer to install in the empty space.
Profit.

Using whatever is available (aka I don't care what to use if I get the job done)

Defragment the Windows partition.
Open the Disk Management Util
Shrink the NTFS partition.
Create another partition.
Store the stuff in the new partition.
Boot up with the Ubuntu live cd/usb.
Remove the old partition.
Tell the installer to install in the empty space.
Profit

I recommend at least have another copy somewhere faraway of you, in case some follows the Murphy's law.


Unless you quite literally have a directory named .. in /etc, no, that directory is not in /etc. .. refers to the parent directory of the current directory, (like . refers to itself) and exist for every directory:

$ ls -al /
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root   0 Jun  1  2013 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 122 Jul 14 05:33 ..

So /etc/../ actually refers to /, and /etc/../run refers to /run, which is a very important folder. Do NOT delete it.

Some configuration files, most notably resolv.conf maybe symbolic links to files in /run, but that is absolutely normal:

$ ls /etc/resolv.conf -l
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 Jun 23 17:54 /etc/resolv.conf -> ../run/resolvconf/resolv.conf


How to store my gnome terminal color palette

gnome terminal color palette details are stored under directory ~/.gconf/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/

In Default directory you will be able to see a file named %gconf.xml. This file stores all palette related data. So you can backup all the files under directory ~/.gconf/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/

To view the configurations: Open gconf-editor using dash and navigate to apps->gnome-terminal->Profiles->Default

For vim configuration backup, just use find or locate command to find .vimrc file and backup it


After installing correct NVIDIA driver, nvidia-smi still can't find it. (Ubuntu 18.4)

If you purged nvidia drivers then reinstalled them you need to prime-select back-and-forth to intel then back to nvidia:

prime-select intel

prime-select nvidia

After this nvidia-smi should succeed.


Trying to figure out what happened with LightDM and Xorg

So, I mainly just ran
sudo apt-get purge bumblebee

and voila, it was fixed.
Thank you everyone who helped me!


"Root file system not defined. Please correct this from partitioning menu" Ubuntu 14.04 installation problem in pre-installed win 8 laptop

The solution is:

create an ext4 partition (huge space)
select mounting point (/) and set as primary drive
create a swap partition
and set it as logical
create bios reserved partition

...and it's running... :)


Two battery icons after installing "Jupiter" applet, but only in one account

I've installed a utility called dconf-editor and fixed this problem. Install it in the Software Center (the package is called dconf-tools). Run it, and there is the option on the left: 'desktop'----'Unity'----'Panel'. Click 'set to default' under that. Log out and back in. The problem should be fixed!


NGINX virtual subdirectory is serving PHP files as downloads

You can use a rewrite...last to remove the language prefix from the URI, so that it can be processed correctly by the remaining locations in your configuration. In particular, .php URIs need to be processed by the location ~ \.php$ block.

For example:

location ~ ^/(?:(?<currentSite>us|ca|fr-ca|spa)(?:/|$))(?<realPath>.*) {
    rewrite ^ /$realPath last;
}

Or more simply:

rewrite ^/(us|ca|fr-ca|spa)(?:/(.*))? /$1 last;

See this document for details.


How can I copy files from my external drive onto one of my partitions?

The problem is that you cannot paste into a directory where the owner is root unless you do so with root privileges. To fix this go into terminal and find your directory using something like:

$ ls -l | grep "^d"

In my case I created a subdirectory called Root_Temp and changed its ownership to root. Here is the output (partial) from the command above:

drwxr-xr-x  2 jim  jim     4096 2010-08-30 21:52 Public
drwxr-xr-x  5 jim  jim     4096 2014-12-21 17:25 Purchase
drwxr-xr-x  2 root jim     4096 2014-12-23 14:04 Root_Temp
drwxr-xr-x  2 jim  jim     4096 2011-01-04 22:29 _sheet_music
drwxr-xr-x  2 jim  jim     4096 2010-11-11 20:54 spanish

Note that the Root_Temp entry has owner of "root" and group of "jim". I did this using the command:

$ sudo chown root:jim Root_Temp

To change it back I simply issue the command:

$ sudo chown jim:jim Root_Temp

Which gives the following result:

$ ls -l | grep "^d"
drwxr-xr-x  5 jim jim     4096 2014-12-21 17:25 Purchase
drwxr-xr-x  2 jim jim     4096 2014-12-23 14:04 Root_Temp
drwxr-xr-x  2 jim jim     4096 2011-01-04 22:29 _sheet_music
drwxr-xr-x  2 jim jim     4096 2010-11-11 20:54 spanish

Now my Root_Temp directory has owner as "jim" and I can now write to this directory.


GTK2 and GTK3 can be installed independently.
There are apps those require GTK2 and those require GTK3.
So you may want to keep both of those.

You have a 64-bit OS.
The amd64 packages are needed for 64-bit applications.
The i386 packages are need for 32-bit applications.
If you don't have any 32-bit applications installed, you may safely uninstall the i386 version.
Although there is no harm in keeping all of those.

I am assuming that you have not installed an unsupported version of GTK using PPA's.
If you installed them from official repos, everything is fine.


BOOTCHART : not creating the bootchart after reboot

make sure that you have the following packages installed on your system:

$ dpkg-query -W bootchart pybootchartgui
bootchart   0.90.2-8ubuntu2
pybootchartgui  0+r141-0ubuntu3

Then all you have to do to (re)generate a png picture of your boot sequence is to select an archive in /var/log/bootchart/, for example:

$ cd $HOME
$ bootchart /var/log/bootchart/sylvain-ThinkPad-T430s-trusty-20140915-1.tgz
parsing '/var/log/bootchart/sylvain-ThinkPad-T430s-trusty-20140915-1.tgz'
parsing 'header'
parsing 'proc_stat.log'
parsing 'proc_diskstats.log'
parsing 'proc_ps.log'
warning: no parent for pid '2' with ppid '0'
merged 0 logger processes
pruned 276 process, 0 exploders, 155 threads, and 22 runs
False
bootchart written to 'bootchart.png'

But by default bootchart saves png in /var/log/bootchart/ too: