How to switch between Ubuntu and Windows 7 without a reboot

This is not possible from a standard dual boot setup. You can put links on your desktop to reboot from one to another but a reboot is required.

You could do this with virtualization though using a hypervisor: Use a virtual machine manager (VM Ware or Xen) to install all the operating systems and you can then start both operating systems independent of each other. Here is a How to installing Ubuntu 11.04 with Xen 4.1

Virtualbox is a program where you install a operating system inside another one (so that is not exactly what you are asking). This type of virtualization is called supervisor. Using this kind of virtualization is not independent of each other though: your guest system suffers a performance penalty since you need 1 to run the other.


Why do I have so many options in install? What do I pick?

You are installing in an Array of disks, probably. If you are confused up to this point is better to go back to the automatic installation method (the previous step) and use that. If you are using a pre-installed system, is probable that they used RAID to provide you of an SSD + HDD or 2 HDD. You must tread very carefully. Consulting the user manual is a must.


In sleep mode, the content of ram is kept as it is, and the computer works on a very low power mode, so as to keep the ram content intact (as ram will lose the data if power supply is cut to it). But in hibernation, the ram content is stored in the swap space, so power can be completely cut off. Hence it is recommended to have swap size as large as the ram size.

First disable the swap and delete it
 sudo swapoff /swapfile
 sudo rm  /swapfile

Create new swap space of size 16 GB (16 * 1024 = 16384). bs is the block size. Basically bs * count = bytes to be allocated (in this case 16 GB). Here bs = 1M (M stands for mega, so we are assigning 1MB block size) and we are allocating 16384 * 1MB (=16GB) to swap.
 sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=16384

Give it the read/write permission for root
 sudo chmod 600 /swapfile

Format it to swap
 sudo mkswap /swapfile

Turn on swap again
 sudo swapon /swapfile

Now reboot the PC for the above changes to take place.


It's most likely a driver issue/gpu issue.  Or corrupted install.

May I ask what the system specs are for one of the laptops?  Usually you need to manually install GPU drivers, and preferably the proprietary ones (as in the ones AMD or nVidia support, as open source drivers are ok, but not the best).

In my case, before I updated to proprietary drivers on my desktop (I'm running on an old old GPU, a Quardro FX 560), I couldn't open the dashboard without it crashing the entire OS.

Or you could try something like metacity or something other than Unity, as Unity tends to have issues on older machines.


How to vieuw my website in ubuntu server

Typically, by default apache will only look for index.html in any given folder. That can be changed via the DirectoryIndex directive in etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf. However, to be consistent with how most people do it, you should rename fotoboek.html to index.html. If you insist, then add this to your Directory stanza in `etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf':

        <Directory /var/www/html/>
                Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews Includes
                AllowOverride All
                Order allow,deny
                allow from all
                DirectoryIndex index.html fotoboek.html
        </Directory>


How can i create eclipse launcher icon with specified gtk?

Try this: Make a script and put it in the "Exec=" line of the desktop file.

#!/bin/bash
export SWT_GTK3=0
eclipse


Wireless not working on Dell XPS 13 9365 Ubuntu 16.04

Your device is not covered until kernel version 4.8. Ubuntu 16.04 uses kernel version 4.4.

You could either install Ubuntu 16.10 or else upgrade your existing install to a 4.8 kernel. In the latter case, connect to the internet by some other way and install the 4.8 kernel

sudo apt update
sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-16.04-edge

You should also remove the incorrect Broadcom driver:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source

You also need firmware for this device

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.161_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux-firmware_1.161_all.deb

Reboot and the wireless device should work.


Have you tried to install drivers using Additional Drivers?
Can you see your driver when clicking on the speaker icon (the one you click to adjust volume)? If you can't, your driver may not installed.

Try typing Additional Drivers into search and it should pop up, then launch it.
Now activate your drivers by clicking on its name, then choosing activate. It should then start downloading and installing that driver for you.

(I have Realtek Audio too)
If you need help, let me know.

Oh yah, its a good idea to update your post by clicking the "edit" just right under your post.


How do I use Unetbootin to make a bootable Windows USB installer?

That worked for me.

Format your USB as FAT32 in GParted
Open UNetbootin and get it as far as the stage where it brings up the
USB partition to install to e.g. /dev/sdb1 — Don't install the ISO,
though
Leaving UNetbootin open as is, switch to GParted
Format the USB in GParted as NTFS
If GParted doesn't automatically add the "boot" flag, add it yourself
Exit GParted, mount USB by running sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt (don't forget to replace sdb1 with your one)
Now, go back to UNetbootin, which you've left open in the meantime,
and click OK

Doing so, UNetbootin will think you are using a FAT32 partition and will let you use NTFS format.


Evolution 3.16.0 problem in Ubuntu GNOME 15.04

(evolution:8197): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_closure_unref: assertion 'closure->ref_count > 0' failed

The first issue you report has been already reported as a Webkit-bug as far I can tell - It appears to be already solved and there is a patch availabel  at

https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=127474

But it shouldn't be causing any issue with email fetching, following that thread:

  While loading email into WebView in Evolution with WK1 it's showing
  this warning. Everything loads and renders fine. I'm on
  http://trac.webkit.org/changeset/162517

  (evolution:21890): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_closure_unref:
  assertion 'closure->ref_count > 0' failed

(evolution:8197): camel-imapx-CRITICAL **: imapx_untagged_fetch: assertion 'found' failed [imapx:A] Data read failed with error 'unexpected server response:' [imapx:A] I/O: '' [imapx:A] Ignoring timeout error, nothing was waiting (original error: Socket I/O timed out)

The second one suggests evolution is unable to fetch a certain message from the server and I had a similar problem in the past which was caused by the fact that Gmail does not really delete emails from the server under certain circumstances:

https://support.google.com/mail/answer/78755?hl=en

  If you delete a message from your inbox or one of your custom folders
  in your IMAP client, it will still appear in [Gmail]/All Mail.

  Here's why: in most folders, deleting a message simply removes that
  folder's label from the message, including the label identifying the
  message as being in your inbox. [Gmail]/All Mail shows all of your
  messages, whether or not they have labels attached to them. If you
  want to delete a message from all folders, move it to the
  [Gmail]/Trash folder.

Accordingly, Evolution tries to fetch a message which actually does not exist in the specified location/folder, thus receiving an unexpected server response from the server.

Anyway, the problem was solved by deleting the file

/home/<user>/.cache/evolution/mail/<profile>/folders.db

which in essence should be the same as DELETING THE EMAIL ACCOUNT.

I'd strongly suggest to do that after backing everything up. If you already deleted the account and created it again, delete the folders.db file manually (with evolution closed) and start evolution again. It should then rebuild the folder structure and information from the server for all accounts.


Built-in microphone not working on Acer Aspire

SOLUTION for external microphone:

As recommended by Steve, edit the alsa config file
sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

Add this line at the end of the file and save it
options snd-hda-intel model=dell-headset-multi

Reboot ! (just logging out+in didn't work for me)

Plug in your mic + go to sound settings

Select "Headset-Microphone"

Change to "Microphone"

That's how it works for me :) Internal microphone is still not working, though.
EDIT: If you are using a headset (headphones with integrated mic): first select "Microphone" then select "Headset-Microphone".

My Laptop: Acer Aspire V15 Nitro Black Edition VN7-592
PS: I think the combined audio/headset-jack on this Laptop was the problem here. Maybe this also helps for other Laptops with combined audio jacks (combo jack, combined mic jack).
Update: Still working the same on Ubuntu 19.04


How to move from Mint 9 to Ubuntu 10.10?

If you run the Ubuntu installer, either off a cd or USB drive, there is an option in the partitioner to overwrite an existing Linux distro with the new one. That will leave your Windows installation alone while replacing Burg with Grub.


The two will work together just fine, not sure if WordPress makes use of ExtraDB or not, it's something the WordPress charm actively checks for. I would ask the WordPress people about support for ExtraDB and WordPress.


Cache of a file editing by gedit on a mounted FTP?

If you have already shut down, there is unlikely to be any leftovers from any in-memory copies of the contents gedit was editing.

In gedit, there are preference options to create backup files.  Look for these options under Edit...Preferences...Editor.  If you happened to have turned on the autosave function, you may find a copy of the file with ~ appended to the name stored in the editing location (but in this case, I suspect you would have found it when looking at the FTP site).

In summary, probably not (and you probably already did something else to recover the content in the last 15 weeks), but if you set this option, you may discover that the answer is "Yes" in the future.


Install the blueman package. Blueman is a graphical configuration tool for Bluetooth. Install it from the Software Center or run the following in a terminal (without quotes):

'sudo apt-get install blueman'

After installing, run it with the command 'blueman' or by searching "blue" in the dash.


Ubuntu 20.04 blank screen after changing display scaling

Just to add a bit more to Wagner Michael's answer:

The following was performed successfully on Ubuntu 20.04:

Boot into Ubuntu Recovery mode.
Select "Drop into root user"
sudo su - [Insert your username]
gsettings get org.gnome.mutter experimental-features

Output should be = "['x11-randr-fractional-scaling']"

gsettings set org.gnome.mutter experimental-features "[]"
reboot

Fixed.


fan is constantly running in my laptop 13.10

Try installing lm-sensors and hddtemp

sudo apt-get install lm-sensors hddtemp libsensors4 xsensors

and then, run

sudo sensors-detect

Follow the instructions closely. You can safely accept all the defaults EXCEPT the final option. The final test may cause problems so you might want to skip the very last one. Reboot for the changes to take effect.

you can check temp by running

watch -n 1 -d sensors

Also, download the intel graphics installer from here

https://01.org/linuxgraphics/downloads


Try resetting your display typing:

xrandr -s 0

If -as you say- you can't login via your GUI, try to go to a virtual terminal with Ctrl-Alt-F1, login there, and try with these commands:

export DISPLAY=:0
xrandr -s 0

You can even do this over the network through SSH.


Okay, following ignis advise, I guess i found solution, adding sleep 0.2 at the beginning of script does the trick :)


A do-release-upgrade from a LTS release will upgrade you to the next LTS release, ie. from 14.04 LTS you'll only go to 16.04 LTS.

As of this moment, the path from 16.04 LTS to 18.04 LTS isn't open yet (*it will be in a few days; 18.04.1 is on 2nd RC...), but this doesn't matter; to jump from 14.04 LTS to 18.04 LTS requires two jumps, the first being to the next LTS which is 16.04 LTS.

As @pomsky suggested, have a look at How do I upgrade to a newer version of Ubuntu? which covers 'release-upgrading' for more upgrade info.

Also note: apt-get dist-upgrade doesn't jump you to the next release; unless you modify your sources to include a later release. It does the apt-get upgrade but missing fewer updates, from man apt-get is the following

  dist-upgrade in addition to performing the function of upgrade, also
  intelligently handles changing dependencies with new versions of
  packages; apt-get has a "smart" conflict resolution system, and it
  will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the expense of
  less important ones if necessary.


init.d - the Init-System is "dead" - but the script itself is still existing in /etc/init.d/deluged.

deluged - installed from the Ubuntu repository - does not contain a native systemd service!

It redirects to systemd-sysv-install.

You can verify this by executing sudo systemctl disable deluged.service.

The output shows that currently no native script exists:

deluged.service is not a native service, redirecting to systemd-sysv-install
Executing /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install disable deluged
insserv: warning: current start runlevel(s) (empty) of script `deluged' overrides LSB defaults (2 3 4 5).
insserv: warning: current stop runlevel(s) (0 1 2 3 4 5 6) of script `deluged' overrides LSB defaults (0 1 6).

Anyway you should use systemctl.

Install

sudo apt-get install deluged

Start/Stop/Restart …

sudo systemctl start deluged.service
sudo systemctl stop deluged.service
sudo systemctl restart deluged.service


Add an HDMI/VGA converter adapter to your setup,convert your hdmi output into VGA so your TV will recognize the format


I have the same problem with Intel UHD 620 on Thinkpad T490.
I don't know why but changing from Xorg to Wayland resolve the problem.
However videos played with VLC/Chrome browser don't have this issue.

To fix the problem with Firefox you need to type in the URL about:config.
After "Accepting the risk", type in the search bar layers.acceleration.force-enabled and set it on true.

I personally don't like this solution because it seems to be a system problem with Xorg. I checked on Xubuntu 20.04 and Kubuntu 20.04 and both don't have tearing at all.

Hoping to find a real solution soon.


I believe you happened to don't have one, so create a file named .Xresources on your home directory:

touch ~/.Xresources

Then add following lines to .Xresources file:

xterm*Background:(your_background_color)
xterm*Foreground:(your_foreground_color)

See critical.ch/xterm for a list of colors which may be supported in your version of XTerm.

You can either restart X or run xdrb command to apply change you have made:

xrdb ~/.Xresources


Ubuntu GNOME 17.04 -> Ubuntu 17.10 upgrade?

Yes and No. No, this requires a specific 'yes I want to do the upgrade'. But yes, if you perform the upgrade, you will be upgraded to Ubuntu 17.10. There will be no Ubuntu-Gnome 17.10. See this blog post. If you are already using Ubuntu-Gnome 17.04, there are several guides about how to do this, and the basics are:

Disable/remove all third party repositories.
Run: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
Reboot.
Run: sudo do-release-upgrade
Reinstall any needed third party repositories.

EDIT: removed -d after do-release-upgrade


How to use custom Origin values in for internal repositories in Ubuntu 20.04 autoinstall?

I've had the same issue, but it's possible to overcome this with this setting:
conf: |
  Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange::Suite "true";
  Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange::Origin "true";
  Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange::Label "true";
  Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange::Version "true";
  Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange::Codename "true";

For more information, have a look here.


If you still have access to the shell that launched the nohup process, you can use the wait builtin. To run something after the process finishes, you can do:

wait 20371 && newCommand

If you don't have access to the parent shell, you can't use wait, and will therefore need a different approach:

while kill -0 20371; do sleep 2; done && newCommand

That will run a loop that will check if the command with that PID is still running every two seconds. When it isn't, it will launch the next command.

Important: there is no 100% guarantee that this will be the right process. It is possible (although unlikely) that the process may finish and its PID be reused by another process between one check and the next.

A much better approach for all this, and one you should get used to, is to use a demultiplexer like screen or tmux to connect to your servers and run commands in that session. That way, there's no need for nohup and your commands will keep running even if you log out.


Can't run jupyter notebook in docker installation of tensorflow-gpu-jupyter

Any error message in the console or in the browser?

You can try to run a bash with the -it parameter an /bin/bash at the end. Then run jupyter manually from inside the container with jupyter notebook --port=8888 --ip=0.0.0.0 --allow-root --no-browser .

Perhaps this give you some message or something.


How to increase the amount of steps of brightness adjustment-key

While the question is a little different to your question, I found a possible cure when answering this question Cannot change brightness

After I had completed this, I found that I had the full numbers of steps that I was looking for, rather than the 4 I was being given before.

Basically:

Open Terminal with  Ctrl + Alt + T
I typed in sudo gedit /etc/default/grub, entered my password
I changed the line which read

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" to
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi_backlight=vendor" (Note: not the vendors name)

Saved and Closed gedit.
in Terminal I updated the Grub with sudo update-grub
I re-booted the laptop


Unable to write in folder in which my user has write access

your parent folder permissions (var set to 755 and owner of root) limits your child folder. you need to change your permissions to var or change the owner to www-data:www-data and perms to 775

EDIT

after some digging, the user needs to switch group with newgrp <group-name> before doing any operation. to return to the default group on that shell, type exit or Ctrl+D


Still cannot run unity on my laptop (nvidia optimus)?

Bumblebee is a project that aim to deliver a complete experience for those who have a computer based on Nvidia Optimus https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/Bumblebee .

You can also find ppa, a.k.a. software just packed and ready to be installed, at  http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2011/06/bumblebee-gets-a-ppa-brings-nvidia-optimus-graphics-switching-to-ubuntu/ .


Can you boot on the Ubuntu on your D:\ partition ? If so, just launch GParted and format your C:\ partition.

Then write your image of windows on an USB stick and boot on it.

You just have to follow the installation and choose the deleted partition.

You will probably need an other USB stick with Ubuntu on it to recreate the grub.

Follow this procedure.


Virtualbox - Configuration error: Querying "UUID" failed (VERR_CFGM_VALUE_NOT_FOUND)

I had the same problem when I tried to install Sierra, but now I downloaded OSX Mavericks and it worked fine.

If you got Error loading drivers while boot Go to System -> Motherboard and Disable Enable EFI (Special OSes Only).


I am not aware of any good UIs for redshift.  I am only aware of good control via CLI.  As long as redshift is not running in the background controlling the temperatures you can do command line commands like:

redshift -O 3500 &

or whatever temp you want it to be set to.  Then to reset back do:

redshift -x

The reason you don't want redshift running in the background is as soon as you run the -O or one shot mode it will reset it back to whatever it is supposed to be at this time of either DAY or NIGHT within a few seconds.

You can look into adding these lines to a script or add the commands themselves to a cron job where you can set it to run at your own times.  I do recommend a script though that runs with a time check on it like https://stackoverflow.com/a/18129042/2012250

Hope this helps!


how to map an Ubuntu share on another Ubuntu machine?

You're find a directory in your /var/run/usr area that you can link to something more readible.

For instance:

/var/run/user/1001/gvfs/smb-share\:server\=hera5\,share\=olympia/

Browse the /var/run/user and find the exact patch such as above.  Make a folder that you can easily access and link it to that.

$ mkdir ~/myshare
$ ln -s /var/run/user/1001/gvfs/smb-share\:server\=hera5\,share\=olympia/ ~/myshare

Now you can access the folder with "ls ~/myshare"

By the way, you don't have to be super user to do this.


How to rotate one monitor and keep Compiz?

Try xrandr. There is my rotate script for EeePC with external monitor

#!/bin/bash
# usage:
# ./rotate VGA1 right
s=${1:-'LVDS1'}
r=${2:-'left'}
echo $s;

# see `xrandr` for output modes for all screens
case $s in
'LVDS1')
  m='1024x600' #default resolution of EeePC 1005ha
;;
'VGA1')
  m='1024x768' #best resolution for LG FLATRON 795FT Plus which plugged to EeePC
;;
esac

case `xrandr | grep $s | sed 's/^\(.*\+0 \)\(.*\) (.*/\2/g'` in
'left')
  echo 'returning from left to the normal state on screen '$s' with the '$m' mode'
  xrandr --output $s --mode $m --rotate normal
;;
'right')
  echo 'returning from right to the normal state on screen '$s' with the '$m' mode'
  xrandr --output $s --mode $m --rotate normal
;;
*)
  echo 'rotating to the '$r' on screen '$s' with the '$m' mode'
  xrandr --output $s --mode $m --rotate $r
;;
esac


Mount failed. A maintenance shell will now be started

Try this and see if it is of any help:

While booting choose the option with Recovery mode
Go to the option with Drop to root shell prompt and execute the following commands
mount -o remount rw /


How to use multiple IP block list in Ubuntu peer 2 peer programs?

I'm currently using PeerGuardian to get the lists downloaded and merged:

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jre-phoenix/ppa
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install pgld pglcmd pglgui

PeerGuardian was pretty buggy at startupt in my case but it does merge the lists from bluetack and other providers.

Run pglgui
On Configure tab, choose your lists and click "Apply"
On Configure tab, disable "Start PeerGuardian at system boot" otherwise you will have
many problems connecting to the Internet and browsing the Web
On Control tab, click on "Stop"

Then put this path in vuze/qbittorent/whatever torrent client ip filter:

/var/lib/pgl/master_blocklist.p2p

I haven't tried to figure out how to update the lists easily.

Note that modblock has been replaced by peerguadian.


how to disable ubuntu install iso automatically upgrade distribution

In order to install the kernel Ubuntu Trusty came with originally (3.13) which is still supported, according to the LTS Enablement Stacks instructions you need to run:

Desktop

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-trusty xserver-xorg-lts-trusty libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-trusty

Server (or if you only want the kernel)

 sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-trusty


Cannot reinstall ubuntu alongside Windows 7

I once had this problem. have u tried other distributions? try fedora for a test. I installed fedora and then reinstalled ubuntu. worked like a charm.


The "for sale" apps whether proprietary or open source, are only published for 'released' versions of Ubuntu. As 13.04 is still in development, and not yet released, these apps won't be published for 13.04, until it is released.


"selection state" tells dpkg what you WANT.

"selection status" tells dpkg whether a package is REALLY installed or not.

How can a package be "selected for installation" if it is already installed? is a (understandable) misunderstanding of the language. It does not mean in the future -- dpkg has no concept of future or past.

In most cases, your preference and the system status will match. That's a good thing. It means that your system is working properly:

       State                                      Status
I want Package X to be installed     --and-- Package X is installed.
I want Package Y to be NOT installed --and-- Package Y is NOT installed.

A discrepancy...

       State                                      Status
I want Package X to be NOT installed --but-- Package X is installed

...should be investigated. It sometimes indicates problems (conflicting packages, corrupt packages) if the same discrepancy persists. dpkg is not designed to solve discrepancies for you...but apt is.


Sublime Text 3 says UNREGISTERED in menu/title bar

I just had this issue as well and it turned out it was just the unity link  file that needed to be updated. The link was created before I registered sublime so the link name gets created with the UNREGISTERED string.

I was able to fix this by modifying the link file.

vim ~/.local/share/applications/sublime_text.desktop

You can then change the Name= entry

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=Sublime Text -- UNREGISTERED
Icon=sublime_text.png
Exec=/opt/sublime_text/sublime_text
StartupNotify=false
StartupWMClass=Sublime_text
OnlyShowIn=Unity;
X-UnityGenerated=true


How can I disable i915 Intel integrated graphics permanently?

Logout your session, open a tty.

Stop the graphic session service. On Ubuntu is lightdm, Gnome is gdm, Mint is mdn. No need to type what’s after the # it's just a comment.

sudo service stop lightdm  #Change service accordingly
sudo apt-get purge nvidia* bumblebee primus #Delete all nvidia installed libs
sudo apt-get autoremove    #Delete unneeded packages
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-346 nvidia-settings ppa-purge #Install new nvidia driver

Reboot your machine, if everything is ok login open 'NVIDIA Settings' a choose which GPU you prefer. Unfortunately bumblebee isn't working with this driver version or I'm still to find a way to make it work. In your case it's what you've asked only one GPU will be activated.

If no graphic session is started you'll have to remove the driver.

sudo ppa-purge ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get remove nvidia-346

Reboot again, nouveau will take over, reinstall previous drivers.


How to disable require my password under CMD in unity?

If the following is what you want

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver ubuntu-lock-on-suspend 'false'

Then simply follow the guide about changing gconf values in custom live iso:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCDCustomization#Change_gconf_values_.28fonts.2C_panels_etc..29

Once chrooted, run this
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults --type string --set yourkey "yourvalue"


Take a look in:

/var/log/kern.log.*
/var/log/syslog.*
/var/log/apport.log
/var/log/Xorg.0.log
.xsession-errors

If it is an issue with gnome then there will be some information in regards to GDK-Warning:gnome-session:Some info about the problem

There might be an issue with the /etc/X11/xorg.conf configuration file.

Then do some searches about the warnings.


Is Ubuntu supposed to run hot if it's installed alongside Windows 7?

Regarding heat/power, Ubuntu tends to be running more services in the background and some hardware drivers are less efficient, so it tends to use more power and run hotter than Windows. So, you can expect worse battery life and more heat produced in general, regardless of whether you are dual-booting or not.  A lot of these have been reported as bugs that should get fixed eventually, example: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/760131

As far as windows goes, assuming a standard installation, your computer can only have one OS in control at a time, so it is either Windows running OR Ubuntu running.  While Windows is running/in control, Ubuntu is just a bunch of inactive files that can't have any effect on your computer's operation or heat because they're not running.

If you've just rebooted, Ubuntu may have left the computer hardware hot and Windows would not magically cool things off - it would potentially cool off over time, or Windows may use enough power/produce enough heat that it would stay hot.


Does Ubuntu provide patched version of openssl for 12.10?

Yes, here's the changelog for the openssl package in 12.10 showing the Heartbleed fix released on April 7.


Dell latitude doesn't get past Dell splash screen

In the BIOS there is an entry called Fastboot under POST behavior. There are three options: minimal (this was selected), thorough and auto. Setting it to thorough made me get passed the Dell splash screen. Then I got a message saying that no bootable devices where found, so I went back to the BIOS, made sure UEFI was selected and now it boots as expected!


What's the latest video card that will work on a 64-bit system?

Taken from Ubuntu Documentation

Ubuntu's support for graphical interfaces is determined by the underlying support found in X.Org's X11 system. Most AGP, PCI and PCIe video cards work under X.Org. Details on supported graphics buses, cards, monitors, and pointing devices can be found at
this link. Ubuntu 11.04 ships with X.Org version 7.5.


Open a terminal window and

sudo do-release-upgrade

If you are doing the upgrade over SSH it will spawn a new SSH daemon and warn you that you may lose connectivity during the upgrade and tell you how to reconnect.

It's always best to do it locally if you can, but I've done many over SSH connections :)


How to change text entry in Ubuntu 18.04

How to add and select a language in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

Edited to make it easier to find your language. Thanks to @Gunnar Hjalmarsson.

Click near the top right corner, select the 'tools' symbol

You arrive at the Settings menu. Select Region & Language
Click on the long button Manage Installed Languages

If the system is new, a window may pop up: 'The language support is not installed completely'. In that case click on Install
Click on Install/Remove Languages

Select and tick your language(s), like I did with Swedish

Click on Apply
Now you might want to select language for menus and windows and drag it to the top of the box

It should look like this with your language at the top of the box

Now you might want to click on Apply System-Wide
Close the window 'Language support' and the Settings menu
Click near the top right corner, select the 'tools' symbol to restart the Settings menu
Back in the Settings menu, Click on +
Mark 'your language' (that you should find directly without clicking on ⋮)

Click on the green button Add

  If you do not find your language directly

  Click on ⋮

  to get a list with more languages.
  Click on 'Other' (it might be slow, so wait a while ...)
  Select your language from the long list

  Click on the green button Add

Mark your language in the list

Click on ^ to move it to the top of the list
Now you can select between English and your language. Click on the applet near the top right corner of the screen.

How to assign a keyboard shortcut to switch keyboard layout

The default shortcuts for keyboard layout switching are Super+Space and Shift+Super+Space. @N0rbert suggested to add a screenshot with assigning of keyboard shortcut to keyboard layout switching. It is a good idea, and there is a detailed description at this link,

18.04 ctrl+shift to change language

  On Ubuntu 18.04 LTS with GNOME desktop from GNOME Tweaks.

  Install it

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweaks

  Then open GNOME Tweaks (gnome-tweaks).
  Select Keyboard & Mouse tab
  Click Additional Layout Options button
  Expand Switching to another layout
  Select Ctrl+Shift here

Right-click and open the screenshot picture in another [big] window to see it in full size. That way it is easier to read the text.


Mousepad Unresponsive on re-enabling with toggle key

I had similar problems with my Acer laptop. I have a different one now, so I can't remember exactly what the symptoms were, but I know that it wouldn't always wake up properly when it had gone to into 'sleep'. I'd check for a firmware update. They are generally excellent laptops, and this was the only issue I had.


I have the same issue... looking through this issue: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/answers/questions/3015/microphone-for-teams-on-linux-not-working.html I've come up with a strategy, if not a solution yet...

Connect headset, set as default audio device, set profile as Headset Unit (HSP/HFP)
Open teams meeting
Avoid opening device settings

As long as device settings stays closed, it seems to continue working for me.


why boinc now on ubuntu 12.04 just run 2 tasks?

The number of simultaneous tasks depends on the number of CPU cores you have. A quad-core CPU will run 4 tasks (and an extra 5th task if you have a GPU), a dual-core will run 2, etc.

Each task runs on each CPU core, and there is little point in running additional tasks beyond your CPU core count: they won't run any faster, and might run slower due to polling/switching.


What do you do when Nvidia-CUDA drivers break Ubuntu?

The answer here copied from the wiki worked to fix it.

The question is, why do Ubuntu's official CUDA packages break everything? I filed a bug.


Steam doesn't start - Segmentation faults

I can also confirm this happening with Catalyst 14.3 Beta installed on a clean Saucy install.

I'll try removing it and then letting Steam download.

On my laptop (same exact setup, only didn't install Catalyst yet), Steam starts.

Edit: Confirmed working on my laptop and desktop. So if doing a clean install of Saucy, install and update Steam before installing Catalyst.


Answering my own question after some work:
The problem is SORT OF fixed in 14.10 (and possibly 13.xx).  I was able to install, but it will only use an 800X600 display.  I guess it's time to update my old hardware, sigh!


You may please Post your /etc/network/interfaces with the Code Tags else we cant see the Configuration you use.
It Looks to me that the Switch detects a Loop... sofar maybe telling also the used Switch might also Improve your help


start openvpn client automatically at certain time?

One way to solve your problem might be to use a cronjob. Run crontab with the command crontab -eand insert your command and the desired timing. To run a job at a certain time as root, just run sudo crontab -e when creating the rule. Rules follow the following scheme:

minute hour day month weekdays yourbashcommandhere

For example, if you wanted to run the job every wednesday at 10am, your rule should look like this:

* 10 * * 3 yourbashcommand

More info on timing options can be found here: http://www.adminschoice.com/crontab-quick-reference


Fixed by shrinking to 25GB first, then it shows the correct space remaining.


How do i apply settings for the login screen

OS: Ubuntu 18.04.3
Tested in Ubuntu 18.04.3

Workaround

QP1. Keyboard Layout:

Say, If you have 4 keyboard layouts, they will be shown in the file /etc/default/keyboard. The order in this file will show you at login.

XKBLAYOUT=kr,cn,fr,us
XKBVARIANT=,,,
BACKSPACE=guess

QP2. Mouse Sensitivity:

If I understood "Mouse Sensitivity" Correctly, Mouse Speed in the below Image.

This can be achieved with below command

sudo -Hu gdm dbus-launch gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.mouse speed '1.0'

Change the value in above command between -1.0 to 1.0 slow to fast

Reboot is required to take the effect.

QP3. Login Screen Resolution:

There are related Questions for this..

Ubuntu 18.04 login screen Display settings
How do I change gdm3 login screen resolution?

following the first link above, I could successfully configure Login Screen Resolutions..

  This Solved my Isuue:

  Go into Settings > Devices > Displays and configure your monitors the
  way you want for your login screen (in your case, internal laptop
  display disabled). Click the "Save" button when done.

  Copy your user's monitors.xml file into the home folder for gdm user.

  To copy the monitors.xml file, open a terminal and perform the
  following:

  sudo cp ~/.config/monitors.xml ~gdm/.config/monitors.xml
  sudo chown gdm:gdm ~gdm/.config/monitors.xml


All roads lead to Gnome
Ubuntu is based upon many things plus home grown programming from Canonical (the owners of Ubuntu). Most people know it is based on Linux kernel and provides a "GNOME" Desktop environment. But it is also based on Debian and perhaps just as important Gnome Internals. It is so intrinsic I dare to say in Ubuntu that: "All roads lead to Gnome".
What is GIO / gvfs?
In your question /run/user/1000/gvfs/ the gvfs component stands for "Gnome Virtual File System". Your camera and Android phones are mounted in this "User Space" outside of "Kernel Space" where a normal "mount" occurs.
To learn more about GIO (Gnome Input Output I surmise) see here and here. Ubuntu has a page about using GIO to mount devices using the gvfs-mount command.
The other component in your question /run/user/1000/gvfs/ is the /run/user component. This was created by systemd to circumvent using the /tmp directory which was common practice for such devices because it side-stepped network "rules". See here.
The other part of your question is how is it different from /media?
The /media directory is where removable storage is located. The removable storage is in a familiar file format such as ext4, fat or ntfs. The device names and mount names are static.
Your Android phone is not just removable storage but a removable foreign operating system that has storage. The storage is generally accessed with MTP. However, there is a host of programs to communicate with the phone. That is why it goes into /run/user/1000/gvfs. Samba also goes into the same directory chain but I haven't researched that one yet.
In the /run/user/1000 directory structure the mount names are dynamic and change with every connection. For example my phone currently is:
$ ll /run/user/1000/gvfs/mtp:host=%5Busb%3A001%2C013%5D
total 0
dr-x------ 1 rick rick 0 Dec 31  1969 ./
dr-x------ 3 rick rick 0 May  9 18:20 ../
drwx------ 1 rick rick 0 Dec 31  1969 Internal storage/
drwx------ 1 rick rick 0 Dec 31  1969 SD card/

The USB enumeration is notorious for changing so you can be assured the directory name will be different next time. /media "stuff" on the other hand is static.
Notice the dates shown by Ubuntu 16.04 under Kernel 4.14.34. I haven't had this Android Smartphone since the year 1969. I guess we can call this a bug.


How to get out unallocated space out from an extended ext4 partition

To achieve what I think you want to do take the following steps after backing up any important data:

Boot gparted live (you cannot move sda9 while it is mounted by your Ubuntu install)
Move sda5 so that it is adjacent to sda8
repeat for sda6 so that it is adjacent to sda5
likewise for sda9, then sda7, then sda10. At this point all the unallocated space should be at the right hand end of sda8
Next you should now be able to shrink sda8 so it contains no unallocated space
Finally you should be able to create a fourth primary partition in the unallocated space for your Windows install.

At each step select the partition you are working on, right click, and use the Resize/Move option. You have to click the green tick icon to apply what you have specified using the Resize/Move option. You can specify more than one change before applying it but I would recommend doing it step by step.

If this is not detailed enough I suggest searching youtube for "Gparted Move". you will get plenty of videos returned that will demonstrate Gparted


How to disable Unity keyboard shortcut for Spread mode

This is set in the "Scale" plugin in the CompizConfig Settings Manager.

Go to the settings for "Scale" under "Window Management," and you'll see an option for "Initiate Window Picker" under bindings.  Just click on the edit icon for that and disable it.


How do I pass complicated shell commands over SSH to be executed remotely? Mine throw syntax errors or get interpreted locally!

First of all, I'd reduce that war-crime of an awk/grep/awk/grep/awk/grep/etc statement down to:

df | awk '$5~/([7-9]|10)[0-9]/'

It does everything you need to check output. You could add a {print ...} clause to the awk statement if you really needed pretty output but given that you're just checking to see if there is output, let's be reasonable about this ☺.

We can also shorten the if/else. I've also corrected the direction — yours was reversed. The whole command now looks like:

[[ -n $(df | awk '$5~/([7-9]|10)[0-9]/') ]] && echo 'ACHTUNG!' || echo 'No >=70s'

I think you'd agree that's just slightly more edifying.

Now you could probably escape this manually now and wrap it in a bash -c "..." but where's the fun in that? Instead let's save the command into a local file (say commands.txt) you can send that to the server like so:

ssh user@host $(<commands.txt)

And you could leave it there. You could actually throw a working version of your original command in there and send that over. This thing is pretty robust... But we don't want to do that... Not when we can be more clever (and cheaty) with the command and do away with the if brackets (which are the things causing the escaping problem).

We are currently running df remotely and processing it remotely. We don't need to do that. We could let ssh just run df and then handle the output locally. That instantly nixes the escaping problem but we're currently tied up in logic [[ brackets ]] which would make the rewrite a bit ugly:

[[ -n $(ssh user@host df | awk '$5~/([7-9]|10)[0-9]/') ]] && .......

Yuck.
We are better than that.
Unlike the monkeys and apes who trod before us, we have exit codes.

When something finishes running, it can return a code. These codes mean various things but generally speaking 0 means "I did exactly what I was designed to do" and anything higher means "I did bad, Bawss".

Conditional hooks like && and || look to the exit code feeding into them to decide whether or not to run. In our case this means if we tell awk to exit in a non-zero way, we can control the code flow:

ssh user@host df | awk '$5~/([7-9]|10)[0-9]/ {exit 1}' && echo 'No >=70s' || echo 'ACHTUNG!'

This also means that it will exit as soon as it detects the first >=70 value. If you had millions of drives, that could save you seconds over other leading-brand scripts. So yes, just to reaffirm what's going on in this final version:

We are connecting to the server and running df remotely
The output is piped back to a local instance of awk
awk looks to see if the fifth column matches a regex to match 70-100
If it does, it exits code 1 and the || code executes (there is a drive over 70% used)
If it doesn't, it exits code 0 and the && code executes.

In previous revisions I also had a NR>1 check in the awk statements but given we're explicitly checking the value of the fifth column (and it has the be a number to work), we can safely omit that too.


How can I speed up a partition resize using gparted?

Put simply, no, you can't. GParted needs to clean up the partitions as best it can in order to ensure a safe and successful resize.

Here is a longer explanation I found on the GParted forums:

  The problem with this is that it requires the file system to be in a definitiely clean state - otherwise, the resize operations (especially shrinking) would destroy data. While this is relatively easy to ensure for the typical Linux file systems (GParted brings the tools required to check and fix them with it on the Live media), it is not so easy for third-parts file systems like NTFS: For these file systems, you often need to boot the "native" operating system for these file systems and perform some magic there.
  In addition to this, even some of the Linux file systems can not be moved this way, since there is no known way to shrink them (jfs / XFS / Reiser4) - and to enlarge them, they need to be mounted, and growing must be done on-line (jfs / XFS). Depending on your machine, this is not a very clever idea - maybe you perform the resize operations on a system with very little RAM (and modern file systems can consume huge amounts of memory).

Hope that answers your question.


Cannot boot into live session from USB on Windows 10

Have you tried?:

Try another USB or flash to USB again.
Use this? http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows
Redownload .iso and try again. Maybe it got corrupt or something.


This is an explanation of what I personally would do in your situation. What I am about to say will void your warranty.  So first, if you have a warranty, look into that. If not, consider this.

I would remove the hard-drive from the USB enclosure. I would guess that the device is most likely SATA. I would then install the SATA hard-drive into one of my desktop PCs. At that point, barring a more serious hardware malfunction, I would boot into Linux, and look at the disks SMART data, using the disks utility (gnome-disks).  If you make it that far,  please post back with the SMART data.

If the disk has IO errors, or failed sectors, or any thing like that, but still runs, I would get myself another 3TB or larger disk, and clone to that media.

If the disk causes boot problems, or system instability, or is just not recognized, not spinning up, or something else like that, I would consider professional data recovery.

if the disk is recognized, and or mounted, but my files are missing, I would post back with that detail.

if Every thing were there, and or the disk is operational, SMART data is okay, and I get my files back, I would know that the USB interface was the cause of the problems. I would then be done.

Else report results and I'll modify my answer.

Again, what I am recommending, is at your own risk, and liability, remove the hard-drive from its USB enclosure and evaluate the hardware condition first.


Use the Additional Drivers tool (look for it in your dash) or download the ATI drivers from the website and install them with these commands

sudo apt-get install build-essential cdbs fakeroot dh-make debhelper debconf libstdc++6 dkms libqtgui4 wget execstack libelfg0 dh-modaliases
sudo apt-get install ia32-libs (for amd64) systems
sh ./ati-driver-installer-11-9-x86.x86_64.run (select build deb packages)
sudo dpkg -i fglrx*.deb
sudo aticonfig --initial -f


Does Hunspell dictionaries work in Pycharm and others Jetbrains products?

I'm an engineer responsible for spellchecking subsystem in JetBrains products now.

Hunspell plugin was recently added to plugins repo to support this kind of dictionaries, so you may install it and you will be able to add hunspell dictionaries to PyCharm and other JetBrains products.

The details can be found at: https://blog.jetbrains.com/phpstorm/2018/01/hunspell-dictionaries-support/


Excessive Resource Use in Syncing Home Folders with Dropbox

If you are using your home (~/) folder as your Dropbox folder, Dropbox is syncing all your dotfiles, which are hidden configuration files and folders, like ~/.bashrc and the like.  This can make it slow because of the number of files and folders it syncs.

As far as I know, the only way to prevent Dropbox from syncing them is through DropboxIgnore.

A simpler option would be to just set your Dropbox folder to another location.


Short Answer:

Are you referring to the overall grey background colour of the windows? It sounds like you are looking for the Window Background setting.

Long answer (for others):

If you are looking to change the colour appearance of KDE's windows, you can change that easily by going to
System Settings > Application Appearance

Choose the Colours tab on the left.

When tweaking it yourself, the specific colour (I think) you are referring to, is under the Colours tab. Make sure Common Colours is selected as the Colour Set and then select a new colour for the Window Background.

You can also adjust quickly by choosing an existing colour scheme or setting your own scheme. On the Scheme tab you can quickly select an overall colour scheme, like e.g. Obsidian Coast will make all your main window background areas dark.


How to check if the MPI already installed on my machine

Run the command:

ompi_info

It will give you the description of your mpi library if installed.


How to add songs to ipod from ubuntu 13.10?

The answer appears to be No! You cannot load music on your iPod with 13.10. I have tried every program I could find, and none of them seem to work. gtkpod crashes so often it is unusable. It is not clear to me that it does anything. Rhythmbox crashes frequently also. With Rhythmbox you cannot create new playlists on the device. They have removed every facility you used to use to do this. I cannot find a way to do it. Banshee deleted all of my playlists and also crashes a lot. Something is very wrong with this release. (This subject has not been good since about 10.04.) Best bet: go buy a Mac! I can't get Ubuntu to work with an iPod.


Change Ubuntu Onboard Keyboard Layout from Terminal

To make it small:

gsettings set org.onboard layout '/usr/share/onboard/layouts/Small.onboard'

To make it compact (which is default):

gsettings reset org.onboard layout


Plex and Newshosting/Couch Potato and SZBND

From what I can see, you do not have the 4TB drive set to automatically mount in the same location every time you boot your system, which can cause a problem with Plex's library to be able to see your drive.

To give your drive a mount point that it can use at every startup, first create a folder to be used as a mount point.  Since mine is an external Seagate drive, I created a folder called /media/Seagate for the drive.

sudo mkdir -p /media/Seagate

Next, you can either add the drive manually to the /etc/fstab file, or you can use gnome-disks.  To install gnome-disks run the following from a terminal:

sudo apt install gnome-disk-utility

Then to get into gnome-disks run the following from a terminal:

gnome-disks

Now in the application, go and find your drive in the left column, select the partition of the drive that you are going to use and click on the gear icon to bring up the menu:  (yes, I know, I have lots of drives in this system.)

From the drop down menu, select Edit Mount Options:

In the Mount Options, set it like the following.  I like to use nofail as an option so just in case the external USB drive is not connected the system will still boot up OK:

Click OK after completed.  I would now recommend a reboot for the mount to take effect.

After your system is back up, now you should be able to add your folders from the external drive to your Plex library so that it can automatically add your media files for you to play:

Hope this helps!


where can i find qemu-kvm 4.2.0 for ubuntu 18.04

Qemu-kvm can be found on the download page on their website. They provide instructions for a tar ball download:

cd ~/Downloads/
wget https://download.qemu.org/qemu-4.2.0.tar.xz
tar xvJf qemu-4.2.0.tar.xz
cd qemu-4.2.0
./configure
make

There is no PPA for 4.2. According to pkgs.org there is

4.0 for Ubuntu 19.10
3.1 for 19.04

Upgrade to 19.10 if you want the latest version using Ubuntu's installation method. Or get used to installing from source. 2.1 IS the one made for 18.04.


You have to delete your compiz config file.

Open a virtual console:

ctrl+alt+F1

stop the login manager:

sudo stop lightdm

delete your compiz settings:

rm -rf .config/compiz-1/

start lightdm

sudo start lightdm

log into ubuntu again.


How do I install GNOME-shell without internet?

If you have access to an Ubuntu install with an internet connection and of the same version as yours, you can run (as long as you have administrative privileges) the following command:

apt-get install -d gnome-shell

This will download, without installing, all needed packages.

You can also run:

apt-cache depends gnome-shell

This command gives you the list of dependencies for gnome-shell:

gnome-shell
  Depends: gir1.2-atk-1.0
  Depends: gir1.2-clutter-1.0
  Depends: gir1.2-cogl-1.0
  Depends: gir1.2-folks-0.6
  Depends: gir1.2-freedesktop
  Depends: gir1.2-gdkpixbuf-2.0
  Depends: gir1.2-gee-1.0
  Depends: gir1.2-glib-2.0
  Depends: gir1.2-gmenu-3.0
  Depends: gir1.2-gtk-3.0
  Depends: gir1.2-json-1.0
  Depends: gir1.2-mutter-3.0
  Depends: gir1.2-networkmanager-1.0
  Depends: gir1.2-pango-1.0
  Depends: gir1.2-soup-2.4
  Depends: gir1.2-telepathyglib-0.12
  Depends: gir1.2-telepathylogger-0.2
  Depends: gjs
  Depends: gnome-bluetooth
  Depends: libatk1.0-0
  Depends: libc6
  Depends: libcairo2
  Depends: libcanberra0
  Depends: libclutter-1.0-0
  Depends: libcogl5
  Depends: libcroco3
  Depends: libdbus-glib-1-2
  Depends: libecal1.2-10
  Depends: libedataserver1.2-15
  Depends: libedataserverui-3.0-1
  Depends: libfolks25
  Depends: libgconf2-4
  Depends: libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0
  Depends: libgee2
  Depends: libgirepository-1.0-1
  Depends: libgjs0c
 |Depends: libgl1-mesa-glx
  Depends: <libgl1>
    libgl1-mesa-glx
    libgl1-mesa-swx11
  Depends: libglib2.0-0
  Depends: libgnome-desktop-3-2
  Depends: libgnome-keyring0
  Depends: libgnome-menu-3-0
  Depends: libgstreamer0.10-0
  Depends: libgtk-3-0
  Depends: libical0
  Depends: libjson-glib-1.0-0
  Depends: libmozjs185-1.0
  Depends: libmutter0
  Depends: libnm-glib4
  Depends: libnm-util2
  Depends: libpango1.0-0
  Depends: libpolkit-agent-1-0
  Depends: libpolkit-gobject-1-0
  Depends: libpulse-mainloop-glib0
  Depends: libpulse0
  Depends: libstartup-notification0
  Depends: libtelepathy-glib0
  Depends: libtelepathy-logger2
  Depends: libx11-6
  Depends: libxfixes3
  Depends: libxml2
 |Depends: dconf-gsettings-backend
  Depends: <gsettings-backend>
    dconf-gsettings-backend
  Depends: gconf2
  Depends: caribou
  Depends: cups-pk-helper
  Depends: gnome-settings-daemon
  Depends: gsettings-desktop-schemas
  Depends: gnome-icon-theme-symbolic
  Depends: gnome-icon-theme-full
  Depends: gir1.2-accountsservice-1.0
  Depends: gir1.2-gconf-2.0
  Depends: gir1.2-gkbd-3.0
  Depends: gir1.2-gnomebluetooth-1.0
  Depends: gir1.2-polkit-1.0
  Depends: gir1.2-upowerglib-1.0
  Depends: python
  Depends: pkg-config
    pkg-config:i386
  Depends: mesa-utils
  Recommends: gnome-control-center
  Recommends: gnome-user-guide
  Recommends: gnome-themes-standard
  Recommends: gnome-session-fallback
  Breaks: gnome-control-center
  Breaks: gnome-control-center:i386
  Conflicts: gnome-shell:i386


External HDD not automounting at startup with udisksctl

Answering old questions...

Hold the Super key (usually the same as the Windows key) and hit a.
Type startup in the text entry field.

Startup Applications should show up - click on it
(or use the cursor keys to select it and press Enter)
Startup Application Preferences should show up - click Add

Fill in the upper and lower fields with any text you wish.
The middle field specifies what to do, type in

/bin/bash -c '/bin/sleep 5 && /usr/bin/udisksctl mount -b /dev/disk/by-label/GreenWD_3TB'

... where /dev/disk/by-label/GreenWD_3TB may be anything(?) that:

find /dev/disk/* -type l -printf "/dev/%l\t%p\n" \
| sed -re 's,\.\./,,g' -ne '/\/dev\/[a-z]+[0-9]\t/ p'

... does display. (The text is formatted so that you may copy it 'as is' into the terminal)
I'd recommend to NOT use anything from the first column though - especially with removable devices as USB-sticks and/or drives.


wget (or something) to get total size of directory?

Doing a quick du -hd1 on my own personal Ubuntu mirror of the official repository containing 10.04 Lucid, 12.04 Precise and 14.04 Trusty, I'm consuming 418GB of disk space (not including the Extras and Partner repositories):

$ du -hd1
1.1G    ./dists
417G    ./pool
418G    .
$

$ du -hd1 dists
160M    dists/lucid
2.1M    dists/lucid-backports
42M     dists/lucid-proposed
58M     dists/lucid-security
93M     dists/lucid-updates
200M    dists/precise
2.4M    dists/precise-backports
71M     dists/precise-proposed
59M     dists/precise-security
102M    dists/precise-updates
256M    dists/trusty
888K    dists/trusty-backports
40M     dists/trusty-proposed
7.4M    dists/trusty-security
16M     dists/trusty-updates
1.1G    dists
$

$ du -hd1 pool
217G    pool/universe
171G    pool/main
5.4G    pool/restricted
24G     pool/multiverse
417G    pool
$

My mirror contains 32-bit, 64-bit and source data, updated once every 24 hours.

Remember that certain packages are shared between releases, so even if each individual release's mirror by itself was, for arguments sake, 200GB each, that does not necessarily mean that combining three releases automatically consumes 600GB of space, because you are only keeping one copy of each unique file in your mirror.

Let's be honest, 500GB across three LTS' is not whole lot of disk space these days...


Failed to setup loop device while mounting .iso file

You need the complete path for your iso file:

mount -o loop <path_to_iso>/Matlab_801_R2013a_MacUnix.iso /mnt/disk

And .iso files usually have an extension. Check that and note the correct spelling of the file..


Reinstalling gallium drivers after downgrading

You will have to reinstall almost every package and purge the ones still installed:

sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf
sudo apt-get --purge autoremove fglrx*
sudo apt-get --reinstall install libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dri xserver-xorg-video-radeon libdrm-radeon1 xserver-xorg-video-ati firmware-linux

Note from the asker:

Seems that the purge command don't remove effectively all files, hence a extra command is required:

sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-fglrx.conf

That should bring the ol' good drivers again.

The important lines from the Xorg.0.log are:

[    17.678] (II) LoadModule: "fglrx"
[    17.678] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fglrx_drv.so
[    17.697] (EE) Failed to load /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fglrx_drv.so: /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fglrx_drv.so: undefined symbol: noXFree86DRIExtension
[    17.697] (II) UnloadModule: "fglrx"
[    17.697] (II) Unloading fglrx
[    17.697] (EE) Failed to load module "fglrx" (loader failed, 7)
[    17.697] (II) LoadModule: "ati"
[    17.698] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module ati
[    17.698] (II) UnloadModule: "ati"
[    17.698] (II) Unloading ati
[    17.698] (EE) Failed to load module "ati" (module does not exist, 0)


How to keep Unity Launcher hidden and locked but Super key should launch the Dash?

So basically all you want to do is to keep Unity Launcher hidden and locked but Super key should launch the Dash. I guess we have to tweak our way around it. Try the below mentioned and let me know how it worked out for you. Basically you have to first install CCSM for this. After installing, run the application and go to Unity Section and then to Experimental Tab.  Set the following values as mentioned :
a) Launcher Opacity 0.000
b) Reveal Edge 0.200
c) Reveal Pressure 999
d) Edge Overcome Pressure 1
e) Mouse Pressure Decay 1
f) Edge Stop 1
g) Menu Fade In 1 and rest all 0
h) Launcher  Captures Mouse unchecked.

hope it helps.


How do I access console from GDM ? (wayland)

The actual used tty consoles have changed around with the introduction of Wayland and 17.10. Now tty1 always contains the login screen, and tty2 contains your actual loaded session.
So use Ctrl+Alt+F3 up to Ctrl+Alt+F7 for getting to an actual unused tty and use Ctrl+Alt+F2 to go back to GUI.


16.04 Cannot run apt-get anything, always get an error

Looks like the packages libc6 and/or coreutils are corrupted. To fix the issue you need to reinstall them without the help of Apt package operations.

Download the libc6 and coreutils package files into a temporary directory (or wherever you'd like to keep them until the end of their installation):

cd /tmp
apt-get download libc6 coreutils

Install them:

sudo dpkg -i {libc6,coreutils}_*.deb

Fix the remaining packaging issues with Apt:

sudo apt-get install -f


The Quick & Dirty way would be to open up a port for an incoming connection on the sending side and then connect the receiver to the sender on that port and then send files over the connection. This will be the fastest method to transmit data within the LAN as there will be no encryption, transmission and other overheads usually associated with the SSH. Although keep in mind that this process will not use any authentication and encryption mechanism. This is helpful when you are transferring file inside the LAN between trusted hosts.

On the sending side:

nc -l <port> < /file/to/be/sent

For example:

nc -l 5000 < /home/user/test

On the receiving side:

nc <sender_ip> <port> > /where/to/be/saved

For example:

nc 192.168.0.5 5000 > /home/myself/new_file


CUPS + AirPrint on Raspberry Pi [Solved]

Based on the input your provided, it looks like you somehow converted the expected double dash ("--") before "dport" into an endash ("–"), possibly by typing the commands in Microsoft Word or some other "helpful" editor. Or, maybe you cut and pasted it from somewhere that made the two dashes into an endash.

Since the endash doesn't make sense, you have an error. Replace the endash with two dashes.


Why would I use Wget instead of a browser?

Typically you would never use it "instead of a browser". Browsers render HTML, make links clickable (as opposed to having to copy the URL into another wget command manually), etc. There's literally no upside to using wget as a human. If you are concerned about privacy, there's a million ways to clean a browser up (or you could use a less featureful browser, like Lynx if you really wanna get barebones without destroying all semblance of human user interface).

Wget is primarily used when you want a quick, cheap, scriptable/command-line way of downloading files. So, for example, you can put wget in a script to download a web page that gets updated with new data frequently, which is something a browser can't really be used for. You can use wget's various options to crawl and automatically save a website, which most browsers can't do, at least not without extensions.

In short, browsers are applications for humans looking at the internet, wget is a tool for machines and power users moving data over HTTP. Very similar in what they do (pull files from websites) but entirely different in their use.

Regarding what servers "see" when you get things with wget: all HTTP clients (browsers, wget, curl, other similar applications) transmit what's called a "User Agent", which is just a string that describes the browser (or these days, describes what browser features it has). This can be used to show different content depending on the user's browser (i.e. Google tries not to advertise Chrome to people already using Chrome). Some fools try to block power user shenanigans by blocking wget's user agent string, but you can just fake a Chrome user agent string to get around that. More often it's simply used for statistics so you know how popular different browsers are so you know which ones to test with the most thoroughly.

If you use wget's crawling functions, the server will see many rapid requests in a mostly alphabetical order. It's a dead giveaway that you're scraping their site. It looks entirely different from the browsing of a user. With a human user making requests in a browser, every page request is followed by all the images on that page, and then there's some delay, and then there's a request for another random page (or possibly a string of pages with a clear purpose).


Auto-completion does not work with sudo mount

There are multiple solutions which are situation specific. There are two links, which you can try to fix your system.

Link 1

Link 2

Autocomplete works fine for me in sudo. Anyways, one way to work with this until its fixed, is to type the whole command first, and then press Home key and add sudo.


Can I create a hybrid software-RAID array with disks of different sizes?

I am wondering if I can acheive a similar "hybrid RAID" with Ubuntu? or another linux distro?

Yes, you can using a combination of LVM and software raid (md).

  I will begin by populating it with 3 X 3TB to give me 6TB usable.

OK, so you start with 3 disks in RAID 5 giving you 6 TB.

  so at this stage I would add a 4th 4TB disk

On this, create TWO partitions - 3TB and 1TB. As you stated, this will initially give a 4-disk RAID5 with 9 TB of space.

  When I next run out of space I will change one of the original 3TB disks with a 4TB disk giving me an additional 1TB of space.

Again, on this disk, create two partitions of 3TB and 1TB. Rebuild the RAID5 array onto the 1st partition. Then use mdadm to create a RAID-1 array from the two 1TB partitions on disks 3 and 4. Add this array to your logical volume, and voila! you have 10 TB of redundant storage.

Rinse and repeat :)


couldn't understand output of grep with regular expression while using pipe

That works because your expression test3y* doesn't match any filenames in the directory, so it isn't expanded into anything and is passed to grep literally making the regex valid (y* = y may occur zero or more times in that position).

You should still always quote your regex though!


How to remove proxy footprints? Firefox works but wget not

env | grep -i proxy

will show if there is anything set in the environment. This will remove the variable if one was set:

unset http_proxy
unset ftp_proxy
unset https_proxy

(You can bypass proxy with curl with the --noproxy option)

.wgetrc might have a proxy=on in the settings file. Also check ~/.profile, /etc/profile ~/.bashrc and /etc/environment for any variables that set a proxy.


Can I configure Unattended Upgrades to not upgrade packages that require a reboot?

The problem with pinning packages to prevent them from upgrading is that to upgrade them you need to unpin them again.

The file /var/run/reboot-required.pkgs contains a list of packages that trigger the request for a reboot after unattended-upgrade has run.

Inside the configuration file for unattended-upgrades in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades there is a section dedicated to preventing some packages from being upgraded automatically that looks like this

Unattended-Upgrade::Package-Blacklist{
    foo_package1;
    foo_package2;
    foo_package3;
}

Edit the list to prevent those packages from being upgraded automatically.

I would start by blacklisting the usual suspects: kernel, libc, gcc, etc and every time you see the computer is asking for a reboot check /var/run/reboot-required.pkgs and add those packages to the unattended upgrades blacklist.


unity-control-center not working in i3wm on Ubuntu 16.04

For Gnome Ubuntu:

Set $XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP to GNOME and you're good to go:

XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=GNOME gnome-control-center

For Unity Ubuntu:

Set $XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP to Unity and you're good to go:

XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=Unity unity-control-center


Graphic problem while install ubuntu 16.04

I work all days with similar issues. You probably only need to install the correct driver (http://www.nvidia.com/Download/driverResults.aspx/77844/en-us) . If you can get to terminal mode with crtl+shift+f1 or if you can ssh to your machine.
download this driver with

sudo wget http://us.download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/343.22/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-343.22.run

after that give it access to be executable with

chmod +x NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-343.22.run.

before running it stop lightdm.

sudo service lightdm stop

then

sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-343.22.run

accept all but 32 bit version, but everything else yes.
then just run

sudo reboot

your computer should work now.


you check documentation commandline default?
https://wiki.videolan.org/Documentation:Advanced_Use_of_VLC/

or try configure flags compiler for your ubuntu
https://wiki.videolan.org/Configure/

Guy,
VLC is a APPLICATION depending on the SYSTEM OPERATION, then to enable the CORE's your processor is necessary to compile the kernel.

att


Having trouble following node.js juju docs

The documentation is sorely lacking and even outright incorrect on this charm.  The trick here is that you're going to be using that last word on the juju deploy line "myapp" as the unit name rather than "node-app".  The thought would be that you might deploy several different node apps and you need to differentiate them with commands like:  juju status myapp.  Note that we're not using:  juju status node-app.

That said, I ran into problems with all this since I'm not running any Precise nodes, just Trusty ones.  So the documentation doesn't mention anything about this and in my case, it just failed since it couldn't find a suitable node.

Your myapp.yaml then needs to look like this:

myapp:
  app_name: myapp
  app_url: http://github.com/mmm/myapp.git

You'd want to replace that git URL with your own.  I found that http worked more consistently than https, btw.

You may or may not want to expose your service if you're not using haproxy in conjunction with this.  Note that you might need a config/config.js file in your application which includes variables for mongodb, for example, and which includes the port to use.

A big warning would be that the config-changed hook seems to NOT be able to pull from the git image.  Translation:  this mighty run the install hook correctly, pull your image and start node BUT if the config-changed hook runs THAT code doesn't seem to be able to pull the git image again for some reason.  It just indicates that it can't find the git image on github.  So at the moment, you might find this useful if your code isn't getting revised too much.


"watch folder" in linux version of Mendeley Desktop

I hope this works also in 16.04, I'm working on Ubuntu 17.10.
I had the same problem until I realized that I can access other drives from the root. Do the following: in Mendeley, click on watch folder and follow this path:

/ >> media >> [username] >> [Drive]

[username] is your user name in the computer.
[Drive] is the name of the Drive that you are looking for.

My additional drive was there and it is working for me.


Getting grub message after deleting Ubuntu partition and unable to boot into Windows?

Boot into Ubuntu Live CD/DVD/USB and then
open up a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt +T and type in

sudo fdisk -l

You shoud get someing like this

Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000200658432 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121600 cylinders, total 1953516911 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000255a1

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      206847      102400    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda2          206848   922578943   461186048    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda4       922580992  1953513471   515466240    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT

my disk is /dev/sda yours might be different.
now type in

sudo grub-install /dev/sda

change /dev/sda to your drive

Then run

sudo update-grub /dev/sda

the you should see something like this.

Found Windows 7 (loader) on /dev/sda1
done

Reboot your computer and you should be able to boot into windows

Hope it Helps.


You could make a smart function that will transform automatically sudo to gksu when the command following it is in a set of pre-programmed functions like so: in your .bashrc add:

sudo_to_gksu=( "gedit" "nautilus" )
sudo() {
    local sudo=$(which sudo)
    local f
    for f in "${sudo_to_gksu[@]}"; do
        if [[ $1 = $f ]]; then
            sudo=gksu
            break
        fi
    done
    "$sudo" "$@"
}

So when you type sudo followed by gedit or nautilus, it will automatically change the sudo to gksu, and otherwise it will leave the sudo. Add some more programs in the array sudo_to_gksu if you wish. You can also extend this to also have gksudo instead of gksu if you wish.

This might have some side effects... let me know if it's the case!

Hope this helps!


How to install different fonts in Ubuntu?

Type catcher is an application which let you browse through all the fonts styles available and let you install what you like . to install that open your terminal and type as

For Ubuntu 13.04 , Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:andrewsomething/typecatcher
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install typecatcher

after that just open it and browse the fonds and install what you like.

For Ubuntu 13.10

No need to add PPA for that, you can install it directly from the terminal or software center.

from terminal you can use the command as

sudo apt-get install typecatcher

installing font is very simple and easy , just select the font you want and check the preview. if you like it just select download and then you can use it.

hope that helps.


PHP5 is end of life now, and as such is no longer installable in Ubuntu 16.04 by default.

If you want to install PHP 5 packages, you're either going to have to downgrade to Ubuntu 16.04. Alternatively, if downgrading is not an option, you can try to use ondrej's PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php5-compat
sudo apt update

Afterwards, you should be able to install the packages you need.

However, it is important to note that PHP in general 5 is a security risk, and shouldn't be used if at all possible. If Bad Things happen, it's not our fault.


If you want to find a file and then run a command on it, use find's -exec option:

find . -type f -name "$fn.$xt" -exec xdg-open {} \;

This will call xdg-open once on each matching file.


ubuntu 17.10 pulseaudio with bluetooth a2dp does not offer playback stream for firefox

As per @Takkat comment, i found the following steps worked with Ubuntu 17.10:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pavucontrol

Within pavucontrol it's possible to designate the BT device for output (once it has connected). If a video with sound is playing in a browser, an entry for the browser will appear in the Playback tab. The bluetooth device can then be specified.

This device is both reasonably priced and seems to work well with 17.10. Just saying.. there was a lack of information when i last looked.
https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/B00E38N7QE/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o02_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1


This work 100%:

sudo apt install -y tor

sudo apt install -y apparmor-utils
sudo aa-complain system_tor
sudo service tor@default restart
sudo service tor@default status


Ubuntu 20.10 isn't recognizing usb drive as mobile broadband

Seems like I found temporary solution... For those who are facing the same issues follow this link: https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/ubuntu-20-10-gnome-shell-modem-broadband-issue/19101


How to get web-app in taskbar using URL?

I am not sure what the µTorrent web-app looks like, but to make an icon (desktop file) call a specific url you can create a desktop file, with an Exec= line, like:

firefox -new-window <url>

To do that:

Open the existing firefox.desktop file in /usr/share/applications with gedit (open gedit and drop the file on the gedit window)
Save the file as torrent.desktop in ~/.local/share/applications.
Remove al the lines below, and including Actions=NewWindow;NewPrivateWindow;

Change the following lines

The line starting with Name= replace with: Name=Utorrent, remove the other lines like Name[language]=
The line starting with Exec= replace with firefox -new-window <the _url_you_want>
The line starting with Icon= replace with Icon=/path/to/your/icon

Drag the new `torrent.desktop file on to the launcher and it will work.

A few remarks:

The window of the url you are calling with the starter will appear under the existing Firefox icon in the launcher.
As a general rule, I would prefer not to have multiple desktop files, calling the same application in their native command (the first 'Exec=` line of the file). The solution below is therefore a "cleaner" solution, and still makes the url available from the launcher:

Alternatively

You can add the torrent link to your existing firefox icon:

To do that:

Copy the existing firefox.desktop in /usr/share/applications to the local directory:

`cp /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/firefox.desktop`

Open the file with gedit (like in the first example)
Add the following to the end of the file:

[Desktop Action utorrent]
Name=utorrent
Exec=firefox -new-window <url>
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

Change the line (further above) starting with:

Actions=NewWindow;NewPrivateWindow;

to:

Actions=NewWindow;NewPrivateWindow;utorrent;

After log out and back in, the link will be added.


Wifi not working Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Server

To fix this, I downloaded the deb for the firmware-brcm80211 package. You can not use apt-get because it is on the Debian APT repository.

http://http.us.debian.org/debian/pool/non-free/f/firmware-nonfree/firmware-brcm80211_0.36+wheezy.1_all.deb

This can be done with the wget command.

Then, simply use dpkg install firmware-brcm80211_0.36+wheezy.1_all.deb to install the package. Reboot, and Wifi should be working for your BRCM43224!


The Best solution will to setup a VPN Server on your box in Canada. If your Router in Canada have VPN server functionality then you can setup a VPN on it and when you are in Brazil simply connect your PC to a VPN using native client of the operating system your are using. It will seems like your on your Canada network. so simple steps are

Setup VPN Serve on your Router or Computer in Canada and leave it running.
Connect your PC to your VPN using VPN client.

OpenVPN can be one solution to setup a vpn server and client.
https://openvpn.net/


I've got Windows 10 Pro and want to install Ubuntu on Oracle VirtualBox

If you're wanting to use the GUI environment, I would suggest 18.04 as it is the LTS (Long Term Support) version of the OS. You will receive 5 years of updates and security patches to the OS before it is considered "deprecated", however, you will continue to receive package updates going forward as long as they work under the LTS distribution.

If you're looking for the flashy/new GUI, tools, and environment 19.04 is fine as well, however, you only get updates/security patches to the OS until January 2020.

If you're looking for the server version, try to stick with the LTS versions.


Acer extensa 5630 becomes slow and function key does not working well when connected to a projector

I have had similar problems in the past with my Toshiba P775 running UBUNTU 12.04

1) I find that on most projectors, if I have a VGA cable, all I have to do is go to display and make sure the settings are on mirror. However on the Epson projectors nothing will work other than switching to an HDMI cable. At least no one in my office has figured out a better workaround.

2) Your second problem [presentation  appearing on laptop but
   not on the projector screen] is likely due to the fact that you have automatically been
   booted into extended desktop mode ( Extended desktop allows you to display the
   presentation while reading notes on your laptop screen) This can actually be pretty
   useful. Simply drag your stuff to the far side of the screen (usually the right) and  it will appear on the projector screen.

Good luck and if anyone has any other advice please post. This problem is a real headache.


You can add the user flag to the mount options stored in /etc/fstab from gnome-disks. Just click on edit mount options.


You need a hypervisor to run each guest OS. The hypervisor is in charge of managing the other virtual machines (VPSs) it is running.

KVM is the natural opensource choice for Ubuntu.

You can read how to install KVM here

But the following command will get you everything you need:

sudo apt-get install qemu-kvm libvirt-bin ubuntu-vm-builder bridge-utils

I would also suggest you look at virt-manager which will help you manage your vm's in a nice graphical interface.

you can install it with sudo apt-get install virt-manager

Good luck!


The problem is your DNS,
the DNS is configured in your resolv.conf, if this file 'dont exit' but is pointing to another file is not a problem, mine is too
check with
ls -ltr /etc/resolv.conf
mine is pointing like that /etc/resolv.conf -> ../run/resolvconf/resolv.conf
add in this file this line
nameserver 1.1.1.1

So basically... only need to run:
sudo echo "nameserver 1.1.1.1" >> /etc/resolv.conf


The xbindkeys and xte can help you.

For example my .xbindkeysrc file looks like this:

# close the window under the mouse cursor
"xte 'mouseclick 1' && xte 'keydown Alt_L' 'key F4' 'keyup Alt_L'"
  b:8+Release

# double click
"xte 'mouseclick 1' 'mouseclick 1'"
  b:9


Kubuntu 11.10 Internet Sharing via Wireless

Your wifi adapter won't let you connect to 2 networks at the same time so you can't do this 100% wifi (it can be an access point OR a guest but not both at the same time).

So you will need to connect your notebook to internet wired and share wifi or connect wifi to internet and the other machine wired (or blue tooth as commented) (or to a 2nd wifi router sharing internet).

The best option would be to share the wifi router connection directly if possible (if you have access to it) or place a second router wired to the first (or a wifi bridge router able to do both connections at the same time) you can control and share internet from it to both machines.


How to add a resolution in display settings?

You can use xrandr:

The commands to be executed in order (Using 1280 x 800 as your desired resolution):

cvt 1280 800
xrandr --newmode "1280x800_60.00" 173.00 1920 2048 2248 2576 1080 1083 1088 1120 -hsync +vsync

The part of the line after xrandr --newmode is similar to the ouput you should get when using the cvt command, so copy the output from the "resolution_refreshRate" ("1280x800_60.00" here) point to the +vsync point and add it to xrandr --newmode.

Then:

xrandr --addmode LVDS1 resolution_refreshRate (don't use speechmarks)
xrandr --output LVDS1 --mode resolution_refreshRate

If you want to make the changes permanent:

Create a bash script, xrandr.sh for example, and place your xrandr commands into it: #!/bin/bash
sudo xrandr --newmode ""1280x800_60.00"" 173.00 1920 2048 2248 2576 1080 1083 1088 1120 -hsync +vsync
sudo xrandr --addmode LVDS1 1280x800_60.00
xrandr --output LVDS1 --mode 1280x800_60.00
Make the script executable with chmod +x xrandr.sh
Search for "Startup Applications" in the dash, run it, and add the script as a startup application.

The commands will now run every time you log into your account.

Note: I'm using LVDS1 as the supposed monitor name, but yours probably won't be the same. You can find your monitor name using:

xrandr | grep " connected " | awk '{ print$1 }'


where can i find information to fix 17.10 installation?

In nautilus (the file manager) click on the icon to the right of the looking glass and you switch between the icon view and the listing view. The normal starting point is your home directory.

As to the ocean wave - no idea.


Single process with multiple dbus services

As I understand it, there is one connection to the daemon per process instance, and each instance will get its own unique ID. (unique busname). There also is a well-known busname, which is what application supplies, so you can poll a specific well-known bus and don't have to address the applications by unique names.

For example, a well-known name is org.bluez, and a unique name currently on my system is 1.46

You could theoretically create multiple buses from a single proces, but I don't really see the point.

Reference material: https://pythonhosted.org/txdbus/dbus_overview.html


Why do I get unknown printer error 0xFA on my EPSON Workforce WF-3540 under Ubuntu 12.10?

I, too had this error code come up when I was printing several 2-sided pages.  I opened up the back and sure enough, there was a paper jam.  Turned printer off, pulled out paper, and turned printer back on.  Problem fixed!  Too bad the screen didn't just read "paper jam."  That would have saved me a lot of time!


Is the Ubuntu One Android app available for the Amazon Kindle Fire?

As of June 2012, Ubuntu One Files can be downloaded from the Amazon apps market. Search "Ubuntu One" in the store section. If you enable installing from unknown sources in your settings, you can also install it manually from the project's Launch page. (direct download link)


How to disable the need for making operations with sudo

There is no reason for this, unless the permissions of the Dropbox folder are incorrect.  Make sure that you are the owner of the directory.

On my machine, the Dropbox directory has permission 700 with myuser.myuser as the owner.  Obviously, I can move/copy files to it just fine.  This is with Dropbox v3.14.7


xkill is a utility used for force-quitting GUI apps. It is handy when some app isn't responding or is causing your system to work abnormally.

  NAME

  xkill - kill a client by its X resource

  DESCRIPTION

  Xkill is a utility for forcing the X server to close connections to clients. This program is very dangerous, but is useful for aborting programs that have displayed undesired windows on a user's screen. If no resource identifier is given with -id, xkill will display a special cursor as a prompt for the user to select a window to be killed. If a pointer button is pressed over a non-root window, the server will close its connection to the client that created the window.

To use it quickly you can use Alt+F2 and enter xkill and hit Enter. Alternatively, you can also type the same in Terminal. You can also define a keyboard shortcut in Settings → Devices → Keyboard to use xkill.

Your cursor will turn into cross sign and forcefully terminate (finishes the game (what I think) of) the app.


How can I get a list of the biggest packages currently installed in order?

First install debian-goodies by running the below command,

sudo apt-get install debian-goodies

Then run the below command to view the installed packages which has large size,

dpigs -H

By default,it was set to display installed 10 largest packages.You can set the number by -n parameter.

dpigs -n 20 -H

The above command lists installed largest 20 packages.

$ dpigs -h

Usage: dpigs [options]

Options:
  -n, --lines=N
    Display the N largest packages on the system (default 10).
  -s, --status=status-file
    Use status-file instead of the default dpkg status file.
  -S, --source
    Display the largest source packages of binary packages installed
    on the system.
  -H, --human-readable
    Display package sizes in human-readable format (like ls -lh or du -h)
  -h, --help
    Display this message.


What kernel does Ubuntu Studio 14.04 use?

Ubuntu Studio 14.04 comes with the low latency kernel.

Feature Changes for 14.04 LTS

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/TrustyTahr/ReleaseNotes/UbuntuStudio

  "linux-lowlatency is now merged with linux-generic master branch, which means the two are almost identical feature wise. linux-lowlatency continues to be configured for preemtiveness and irq threading and depends on the rtirq script."

Ubuntu Studio 14.04 LTS

http://linux.softpedia.com/get/Linux-Distributions/Ubuntu-Studio-Trusty-Tahr-103368.shtml

  "You should also know that Ubuntu Studio comes with a low-latency kernel, which allows for high-quality audio production. We recommend this Ubuntu flavor for all your multimedia production needs."


Run a command that requires sudo after a time has passed

Use sudo to start a root shell where you run the commands:

sudo bash -c 'sleep 4h; command'

Every command running in the root shell runs with root permissions, which for sleep doesn’t hurt. If you need to run a command with user permissions in it, use sudo -u USERNAME COMMAND, e.g.:

$ sudo bash -c 'sleep 4h; sudo -u dessert whoami; whoami'
dessert  # whoami run as user dessert
root     # whoami run as root

Another approach would be to use sudo visudo to allow the command’s execution without root access, see:
How to allow execution without prompting for password using sudo?
Note that depending on the command this may create a security flaw.


Command to move a file to Trash via Terminal

You can use gvfs-trash command from the package gvfs-bin which is installed by default in Ubuntu.

Move file to trash:

gvfs-trash filename

See the content of the trash:

gvfs-ls trash://

Empty the trash:

gvfs-trash --empty


Why do not I have 64 bit options on General -> Basic -> Version and also UEFI in bios?(trying to install ubuntu on vm and getting kernel error)

I think you have one BIOS/UEFI setting to deal with and one misconception about VirtualBox.

First, you will need to be sure that you have virtualization enabled via your BIOS/UEFI menu. For Intel hardware, that is called VT-x. You'll have to see if your motherboard allows you to enable it.

Second is that in general you don't install a guest OS somewhere and then open it up with VirtualBox. The guest OS should be installed in VirtualBox.

So, first let us know if you can set VT-x in your BIOS/UEFI menu and then we'll see about using VirtualBox.


I recommend you start by checking if you still have your Ubuntu installation on disk (as suggested by Jacob). You may have overwritten that when you re-installed Windows.

To verify, please boot either to Ubuntu Live CD or Live USB and run gparted. This will show you the partitions you have on your disk. You can see an example on this page with both NTFS (Windows) and ext3 / ext4 (Linux) partitions.

If you still have your Ubuntu partition, you can use boot repair to restore your dual boot configuration (Ubuntu bootloader).


How to use Ubuntu Terminal to backup data over a shared netowrk drive

The copy command for REMOTE copy is rcp not cp. A more secure version is scp (scp will ask for a passwords or a passphrase if needed). It takes the form of

scp files* {user}@{ip-address}:/dir/to/place/files/

You can put the directories in between "'s if you have spaces somewhere:

scp files* {user}@{ip-address}:"/dir 2/to 3/place 5/files/"

Ubuntu help on file transfer.


How to change default application for XML files?

Oh thank god, I have a solution.

First of all the problem is getting caused by "Default Applications" in "Settings" on "GNOME", in order to save the default application for something like browser it overrides whatever it has as default for a set off applications and creates a double entry under ~/.config/mimeapps.list. This way the default application for that mimetype cannot be changed unless you manually delete the entry for it. To do it:

edit the file: ~/.config/mimeapps.list
find the [Default Applications]
delete application/xml, there is a 2nd entry under [Added Associations] which we want to keep
save the file and exit
go to any xml file and now the default application can be changed by going Right Click > Properties > Open With

This is probably a bug within GNOME.


Compilation from source should work properly on Ubuntu 15.04.

Install build tools :

sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake git libavformat-dev libavcodec-dev libswscale-dev libqt4-dev freeglut3-dev libglew1.5-dev libsdl1.2-dev libjpeg-dev libopencv-video-dev libopencv-highgui-dev libopencv-dev

Install the ffmpeg library :

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg

Compile slowmoVideo from source :

git clone git://github.com/slowmoVideo/slowmoVideo.git
cd slowmoVideo/
mkdir build
cd build/
cmake -DENABLE_TESTS=FALSE ../src
make

Install it using checkinstall :

sudo apt-get install checkinstall
sudo checkinstall

Why checkinstall ?

  CheckInstall keeps track of all files installed by "make install" or
  equivalent.   It creates a .deb package and adds it to the installed
  packages database.   This allows easy package removal later. —  Ubuntu Wiki


Snap-stores with proprietary snap packages

Snap packages are perfect for projects with complex dependencies or longer development cycles that don't sync with distros easily. This often intersects with the needs of proprietary software but it won't be suitable for all of them. At the moment the only snap packages i've seen are for very open source projects but i suspect the proprietary will come soon enough once there teams have got the hang of it.  On modern systems with lots of storage its not so bad to use non shared libraries, especially it it makes installation simpler.

There are two packages in the 16.04 ubuntu repository that are referred to here that are nothing to do with ubuntu snap.

snap - SNAP is a general purpose gene finding program

snappy - snappy is a media player

if you want to use ubuntu snaps install

snapcraft - tools for making snaps

snapd - tools for using snaps

At the time of writing you will need to purge the snap package before installing snapd otherwise it will conflict, this might get fixed but for now it will prevent the install of the snapd package.

Snaps are really easy to use but there aren't that many available yet

snap login your@ubuntu.one.email       # login to the snap system
snap list                              # list available snap packages
snap install <package>                 # install a snap package


Downloading videos to an external drive with youtube-dl

How about:

cd '/media/New Volume/Youtube Downloads'
youtube-dl URL1...
youtube-dl URL2...

...


How to keep Ubuntu unlocked when some condition applies?

You might want to use systemd like so: How to write a systemd service unit file so it waits until a specific interface is up before starting?
Along with
gnome-screensaver-command --inhibit


The drivers for your card didn't make it into the Linux kernel until 3.7 (also see this), and I believe 12.04 is still using 3.2.x.  You will need to upgrade to 13.04 or else compile and install the driver yourself.  If you're not familiar with compiling and installing drivers in Linux, then I would upgrade to 13.04.


How to Search for multiple words (in any order) in filename - GUI (or terminal)

Don't use grep! find has a perfectly fine file name matching syntax. To use your example:

find [PATH...] -iname '*personal*' -iname '*income*' -iname '*tax*'

where [PATH...] are zero or more paths under which to search.
If you didn't disable your mlocate file name database, it may be faster to make use of it for a faster search. You can even tell it to look for multiple conjunctive search terms with the -A/--all option:
locate -i -A -b income personal tax


Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8188CUS 802.11n WLAN not connecting to MiFi

Make sure that the type of authentication being used on both devices is the same (, also try to use WPA Personal instead of WPA2 on the Mifi (if possible) and the PC if the problem persists some card/drivers don't fully support it. (though a newer PC should)


$ netplan --help
usage: /usr/sbin/netplan  [-h] [--debug]  ...
[...]
    generate  Generate backend specific configuration files from
              /etc/netplan/*.yaml

The netplan generate command does not generate netplan config.  It generates config for the backends using the netplan config you have already provided in /etc/netplan/*.yaml.


How to change which sound is reproduced for terminal bell?

seems due to upgrade from Ubuntu18.04 to Ubuntu18.10, left some folders remained.
but if its a fresh install of Ubuntu18.10 does not have the folder /usr/share/sounds/ubuntu/

$ ls /usr/share/sounds/
alsa  freedesktop  gnome  sound-icons  speech-dispatcher  Yaru
$

so, take backup of /usr/share/sounds/ubuntu folder and then delete it from the folder /usr/share/sounds

how to produce your own sound theme?:

in fresh install of Ubuntu when you open gnome-tweaks-> Appearence-> Sound -- you will see "Yaru & Default" as sound themes selectable.

to create your own theme.

copy paste the folder /usr/share/sounds/Yaru in the folder /usr/share/sounds and rename it as myBell or any other name as you wish.

change directory to /usr/share/sounds/myBell
rename the folder Yaru to myBell
open the file index.theme folder and change the content like below

[Sound Theme]
Name=myBell
Directories=myBell

now you can select your own sound theme "myBell" from the gnome-tweaks


Ubuntu on virtual box fails to get on line

Just solved it. Simple and easy. Delete /etc/resolv.conf


Run the terminal command alsamixer.

Adjust the settings with cursor keys/ arrows.

This should work.


In cron-vps.error.log file turns out that this is an authorization problem:

The authentication and authorization is a different problem. This is authentication, which fails (in this case the password, as visible from the logs).

Most probably you have set up your private key to be encrypted, but you do not notice it it normal sessions, because you have got it stored in the ssh-agent. It works fine in your session, but that won't work in the session that is initiated from your crontab.


How to show proper time in Ubuntu Software Centre history

That feature is not available at this time, you can file a feature request using a bug report:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/software-center

Please note that the historical is retrieved from a text file log which you can read with your prefered text editor:

/var/log/dpkg.log


Poweroff Issue in Ubuntu 14.10 on Lenovo Z570

To solve the reboot problem: sudo reboot --force
To solve the shutdown problem: sudo poweroff --force


Nautilus shortcuts keyboard dependent of language?

Basic & common (Universal) Keyboard shortcuts should not be dependent on language.

Programmer and Developer should kept in mind pre-defined shortcut.

For Detail about stable Keyboard shortcut visit Gnome-Help.

For Further key-board layout with different language visit wikipedia-page1 & Table of key-board shortcuts at page2


Dell Inspiron n5110 touchpad stop working after upgrate to 13.04

As I have said in my earlier comments, only clean installation of Ubuntu 13.04 will work.


how to set up an cluster server for minecraft hosting?

http://www.minecraftwiki.net/wiki/Tutorials/High-Availability_Cluster
y n google? its even the official resource


skype not in software centre ubuntu 14.04

Install Skype on Ubuntu 14.04

Enable the Canonical partner repository:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner"

Update the local database with this command:

sudo apt-get update

Now install Skype:

sudo apt-get install skype.

Source: How to install Skype on Ubuntu 14.04