This is happening because the path of lib is not present in LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable.

To add this path to  LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable, open your ~/.bashrc file using

gedit ~/.bashrc

and add the following line. Relace the <path_to_your_lib> with the path to the file.

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:<path_to_your_lib>


How does lightdm auto-login and start a program?

Ok it looks like it uses

/usr/share/xsessions/XBMC.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Name=XBMC
Comment=This session will start XBMC Media Center
Exec=xbmc-standalone
TryExec=xbmc-standalone
Type=Application


No low battery popup notification in 16.04

This is not normal i have a 16.04 running and get popups but i'm using a gnome shell tho.

You can make a script that gives you a message.

battery_level=`acpi -b | grep -P -o '[0-9]+(?=%)'`
if [ $battery_level -le 10 ]
then
    notify-send "Battery low" "Battery level is ${battery_level}%!"
fi

Then make a cron job and run it every few minutes.


Why do my DNS settings keep having to be reset?

You can check your Dnsmasq configuration here:

$ sudo nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf

I think your best answer you can find here: Special Cases & UFW

Maybe most best is it:

$ sudo ufw allow bootps

Also read above very important part about Local DNS Cache.


Creating new user, how to run commands after SSH login? (Ubuntu Server Trusty)

The correct way to create new user is by using the adduser binary (it covers everything from user password to group and home folder creation, thanks to @muru @Takkat for pointing this out, Man Page of the command):

 ubuntu@ip:/$ sudo adduser testuser
 Adding user `testuser' ...
 Adding new group `testuser' (1003) ...
 Adding new user `testuser' (1002) with group `testuser' ...
 Creating home directory `/home/testuser' ...
 Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...
 Enter new UNIX password:
 Retype new UNIX password:
 passwd: password updated successfully
 Changing the user information for testuser
 Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
         Full Name []:
         Room Number []:
         Work Phone []:
         Home Phone []:
         Other []:
 Is the information correct? [Y/n] Y

This will create the user named testuser and give them their own home directory in /home/testuser. The files in the new home directory are copied from the /etc/skel folder, which contains default home directory files. If you wanted to set default values for your users, you would do so by modifying or adding files in that directory. If you want your new user to have same environment as server user just copy these files from server home directory to testuser home directory (make sure after you copy them that each one of them have testuser as owner chown testuser:testuser .bash_profile etc.):

.bash_profile .bashrc .inputrc .mkshrc .profile

And yes, if you want both users to have access to their files and folder you have to add each of them to the other users group:

adduser server testuser
adduser testuser server

What the user can access is determined of the folder/file permissions for that group (for example in order user testuser to read and write file test.txt in server's home folder it has to have at least permissions of 760). You can view the permissions by excuting

$ ls -al
drwxrwxr-x   3 server server    4096 Jun 14 10:11 test.txt


Sed has no built-in notion of "columns", so rather than replacing characters globally (with the g substitution flag) you would need to replace them one at a time in a loop, breaking from the loop when there are no more characters to be replaced before the first delimiter. For example:

sed -e ':a' -e '/^[^,]*_[^,]*,/!b' -e 's/_/./;ta' file.csv

IMHO it would be easier to use a tool that natively understands fields - for example with Awk:

awk -F, 'BEGIN{OFS=FS} {gsub(/_/,".",$1); print}' file.csv

Note that both of these will break if your CSV file contains quoted delimiters - if that's the case, then you will need to step up to a tool that can parse CSV properly - such as Perl with the Text::CSV module.


Partition data unavailable until opened in files

By default the disk partitions other than root or swap are shown as available but not auto-mounted. Clicking on the partition icons in file manager runs udisksctl command in background that mounts those partitions for your user.

To make them auto-mounted , follow suggestions in Automatically Mount Partitions article from Ubuntu's official documentation site. Basically, you must have  additional entries in /etc/fstab file for any additional partition besides root or swap. Here's an example of an entry for my Windows partition

UUID=4EBAAE53BAAE36FD /media/WINDOWS  ntfs noatime,nodiratime,user=1000,rw 0 0

Use sudo blkid command in terminal to find out the UUID of each partition


Thank you for your kind reply Vlad spirin

ya it also works

Then i found the solution for my compilation process

"sudo apt-get install --reinstall bison libbison-dev flex libfl-dev"

if i install the above package it work's fine.


"fuse: bad mount point No such file or directory" but the file exists

The order of the synopsis matters:

sshfs [user@]host:[dir] mountpoint [options]

Therefore you should use

$ sshfs [user@server] [/path/to/mountpoint] -o IdentityFile=/home/[user]/.ssh/id_rsa

as manual page for sshfs suggests.

Edit: You can't even ping the host, so the problem is in the network. Check if there is some firewall on the way or something else blocking the connection.


PGP can refer to two things:

The Pretty Good Privacy software originally written by Phil Zimmermann, and now owned by Symantec.
The formats for keys, encrypted messages and message signatures defined by that software.  These have now been formalised as the OpenPGP standard.

The GNU Privacy Guard (GPG) software is an independent implementation of the OpenPGP standards, so you can use it to exchange encrypted messages with people using other OpenPGP implementations (e.g. Symantec's PGP).

Due to its popularity on Linux systems, it is also fairly common for people to incorrectly use the term "GPG" to refer to the whole OpenPGP cryptography system (e.g.
"GPG keys" or "GPG signatures").  It is usually pretty clear what they mean from the context though.


Linux and Windows Driver build Numbers are generally different. SkyLake architecture is a very new processor architecture and still not very well supported under Linux in General. I mean your laptop has Hybrid Graphics which is generally not very well supported under Linux. There are ways you could Improve the situation. I recommend that you Install Bumblebee and nvidia drivers on your Laptop with Ubuntu. So what you can do then is that you can choose to run a particular application on your Nvidia Graphics Card and use a primusrun from terminal to launch your application. For example if you wanted to launch firefox from your nvidia card you could use primusrun firefox and the firefox instance you launch this way would launch from your Nvidia Card. All other applications would launch normally from the Intel Card.

This way you will not have any screen tearing because you are running on Intel Graphics all the time and only the applications which require more GPU power are manually  launched from Nvidia Card. This way there will be no screen tearing etc. and you can enjoy the power of Ubuntu.

I have answered this process for installing bumblebee in a few other questions on Ask Ubuntu forums already. However for your convenience you can got to.https://rajat-osgyan.blogspot.in/2016/04/how-to-install-latest-nvidia-drivers-on.html

for understanding the complete process. Again I am not trying to promote my blog, I have already explained this process once before on Ask UBunt. Below is the reference question.

How to set up nVidia Optimus/Bumblebee in 14.04


What is the right way to share a Thunderbird profile between Ubuntu and Windows, and between several users?

You don't. Thunderbird profiles are not meant to be shared across operating systems, or with other users. Syncing it in any cloud service is also a bad idea, as there are several files which are machine specific, and others which change quite often and can be numerous and large (such as the cache).


How do I stop Remmina nagging about rdp certficate validation?

Does anybody knows how to avoid these messages

Right-click to edit the connection
Under the "Advanced" tab, set security to either:

RDP (less secure, good for local networks)
TLS (more secure, better for remote/WAN connections)

Neither of these options will prompt you ever :)


I've looked into this and it seems that editing mkv files isn't so straightforward. You might be interested in installing mkvtoolnix package and giving a try to the mkvpropedit command.


How to run Ubuntu and windows 10 on external hard drive with Virtualbox

Virtualbox actually doesn't need a specific file system that you need to format your external HDD. You can just format it as Ubuntu may read the HDD and then simply create a new space on external HDD using Virtualbox's application.

EDIT:

You may format your HDD to HFS, because FAT filesystem has a max space support about 4 GB. You can't store 500 GB virtual disk on this filesystem. However on HFS you can store since it supports large amount of size.


Change Default Scale Method Setting for KDE Wallpapers

KDE Plasma desktop

The KDE configuration files: http://techbase.kde.org/KDE_System_Administration/Configuration_Files

The KDE is using the plasma desktop and the wallpaper is an applet/widget. The plasma desktop applet configuration file is: plasma-desktop-appletsrc.

The wallpaper setting can be set for the each activity/desktop.

The positioning information is saved to the 'wallpaperposition=X'

wallpaperposition=0 is 'Scaled'

wallpaperposition=1 is 'Centered'

wallpaperposition=2 is 'Scaled & Cropped'

wallpaperposition=3 is 'Tiled'

wallpaperposition=4 is 'Center Tiled'

wallpaperposition=5 is 'Scaled, keep proportions'

kde4rc

The default configuration profile path is read from the /etc/kde4rc. The information is used when the new user default configuration files are made.

The Kubuntu is using:

[Directories-default]
prefixes=/usr/share/kubuntu-default-settings/kde4-profile/default/

the user can change this - as example at here

[Directories-default]
prefixes=/usr/share/my-default-settings/kde4-profile/default/

The Kubuntu has in the /usr/share/kubuntu-default-settings/kde4-profile/default/share/config/plasma-desktop-appletsrc:

[AppletGlobals][plasma_applet_launcher]
SwitchTabsOnHover=false
askBeforeRemoval=true

You could edit your plasma desktop and then copy your ~/.kde/share/config/plasma-desktop-appletsrc to the /usr/share/my-default-settings/kde4-profile/default/share/config/plasma-desktop-appletsrc. The new user will then has your plasma applet settings as start default.


Synchronised folders should be located in the same place (directory) among all computers where your Ubuntu One account is active.
For example, if I put the following folder /home/vincenzo/mydocs/myphdthesis/ to Ubuntu One sync, then in all PCs (with the same login name), where I use my Ubuntu One account, I find all my files synchronised in the same location i.e. /home/vincenzo/mydocs/myphdthesis/.

Good luck.


"failed to fetch error" when running "sudo apt update" and "sudo apt upgrade"

It looks to me like you are experiencing network connectivity issues when updating because you haven't selected the fastest update server mirror from Software & Updates app -> Ubuntu Software tab -> at Download from: select Other from the dropdown menu -> click the  Select Best Server  button -> Let the progress bar run until the end and click the  Choose Server  button.


Problem solved by:

sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdb1

and then reboot my PC.

Somehow there was some windows error in it and the above command managed to fix it.


Why is "Authentication is required to ...?"

If you can get a Live CD / Live USB for the version of Ubuntu you're running, boot to it and select the "Refresh system files" option. This may reset some other changes you have made to system files.
For me, the problem went away when I do-release-upgraded that system from 15.10 to 16.04 -- probably because the polkit infrastructure changed and so did the configuration causing the issues.

Unfortunately, I don't know of another way to fix this without Live Media or waiting for a version change.


I think the main issue in your sister's laptop isn't the graphics card or CPU. It's more likely the RAM. It'd be nice if you update your question with the amount of RAM you have, but I'll go ahead and write my answer as I think it could help anyway.

If the problem is indeed RAM, I can recommend you two distros can breathe life back into this laptop without any hardware upgrade.

You can try out ArchLinux. It takes a bit of effort to install, but once you get past that, it's as easy to use as any other disto. It has an extremely tiny memory footprint by default. If I remember correctly, a base installation with Xfce4 uses about 90 MB of RAM after login. ArchLinux delivers upgrades faster than any other disto (as in several months earlier), integrates latest developments very quickly, and offers the AUR: an awesome repository of build recipes that automatically compile and build myriads of software that does not exist in the official repositories with one command.
Puppy Linux. In the past, I used it to boot up a desktop computer that had a malfunctioning graphics card that caused everything else to freeze during boot. It's a distro specifically tailored to work with ancient and broken hardware, comes with most basic everyday life needs (along with a decent maintenance toolbox) out of the box, is extremely small (versions range from about 100 to 384 MB in size), can work with a tiny amount of RAM, and doesn't need installation at all.

Alternatively, if you are willing to invest any money into your laptop at all, consider adding a bit of RAM to it. It's probably absurdly cheap depending on how much the laptop supports, but even 1 GB of RAM will allow you to do everyday work like browsing the web, editing documents and images, and playing old games, so long as your base system's memory footprint is small enough (as is the case with the distros recommended above, without huge desktop environments).


Ubuntu server 18.04 install crashing: attributeError: 'NetworkDev' object has no attribute '_net_info'

I was able to get past this by leaving the "Search domain" blank under manual IPv4.


VMplayer unable to "Open a Virtual Machine"

Finally found answer to my question.

I don't know but somehow the permissions of the ~/vmware (where virtual machines are stored) directory were changed and hence the problem.

The trick helped me is:

sudo chmod 755 -R ~/vmware

sudo chown -R <user>:<user> ~/vmware

Hope this helps!


It's not included in my installation of Ubuntu 20.04.
Peony comes with the UKUI desktop. Have you installed that in the past?


How can I monitor syslog and send notification based on events?

Question seems to have changed a bit and targetted on scripting, rather than sending notifications. I might remove this answer later.

It seems it is quite straightforward to set up real time triggering of shell scripts based on messages passed to rsyslog. If OP rewrites his answer to contain a better picture of what he is aiming for (as already posted in comments), I am willing to provide a high quality answer here.

Not exactly sure what your requirements are, but one particular piece of software I could recommend is logcheck. This may be useful in your situation too.

Its purpose is to send mail digests on specific matched (interesting) lines. I'm assuming basic mail configuration is working (e.g. echo bla | mail -s testmail user@domain.tld works) already. It takes care of log rotations and it knows where it has left of, so don't worry about that in scripting anymore!

Extracted some of the essential steps from this tutorial:

Configure basic things in /etc/logcheck/logcheck.conf:

REPORTLEVEL="server"          # default reportlevel with pre-configured filters
SENDMAILTO="user@domain.tld"

Which log files to check in /etc/logcheck/logcheck.logfiles:

/var/log/syslog
/var/log/auth.log
/var/log/myapp.log

Now, to tell it to trigger on a specific line similar to

myapp: Error: Login failed for admin123

for this myapp log, this can be realized by creating a regular expression in /etc/logcheck/ignore.d.server/myapp (note server corresponding to the used REPORTLEVEL earlier on):

^myapp:.*

Okay, this is not the most specific regex, but that's not the point.
Wait emails to arrive, e.g.:

Subject: webserver.domain.tld 2013-01-01 10:17 System Events

Jan 01 09:40:59 webserver myapp: IMAP Error: Login failed for gertvdijk


How can I keep vpn running even after exiting terminal?

You need to start vpnc using nohup. See this question.

For example to start command and to redirect its output to command.log use:

nohup command > command.log &

If you want to see the output use:

tail -f command.log


Can't install simple-scan: you have held broken packages

In the end I raised this 'bug' and Sebastien Bacher gave me the answer. Because of an old PPA I had ended up with versions from 1.0.27-1~experimental3ubuntu2 rather than proper ubuntu packages. To restore the ubuntu ones I did:

sudo apt-get install libsane1/bionic libsane-common/bionic sane-utils/bionic

Then I was able to install both gnome-control-center (for Settings, which also depended on colord) and also simple-scan successfully with:

sudo apt install gnome-control-center
sudo apt install simple-scan


What does 'ata1: soft resetting link' mean in syslog?

In your case two drives seems to disconnect and connect again.

This may be caused by loose cable. Make sure that your drive is properly connected to the motherboard. If it's notebook you should be able to disassemble its cover, unplug the drive and plug it again. If it's PC you can try to replace sata cable.

Another thing that may cause this is power saving, especially on laptops. In most cases you can disable such options in your BIOS.

If the problem persists: use SMART monitoring tools to analyze your disk drives.

You can install it with:

sudo apt-get install smartmontools

Then use it with your drive name.

sudo smartctl --all /dev/sda
sudo smartctl --all /dev/sdb

In most cases ata1 is the first sata device and its block device name is /dev/sda, ata2 is /dev/sdb and so on.

But you can list your drives using:

sudo fdisk -l

In SMART results look especially for attributes:

sudo smartctl --attributes /dev/sda
sudo smartctl --attributes /dev/sdb

Things like:

Reallocated_Sector_Ct
Reallocated_Event_Count
Current_Pending_Sector

can idicate your disk drives failing, if their RAW_VALUE is above 0. Basicly this means that your drive have badsectors. Then it's up to you to decide if you want to use it or replace it. It doesn't mean that your drive will stop working right away, but it may eventually - so in this case do your backups.

But it's unlikely that two drives are failing at the same time. So in case of soft resetting link it's rather something with cables, or PC/notebook itself. This might be also caused by failing motherboard or power supply.


Merge multiple small PDFs on A4 size format

Yqou could also try the script "pdfjoin" and "pdfnup" command line programs from the pdfjam packages.

However, I would include the PDFs in a LaTeX document, and let LaTeX worry about how to fit them best on a page.

First, you need to install LaTeX:

sudo apt-get install pdflatex

Next, create a file "joined.tex" like this:

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\begin{document}

\includegraphics[width=15cm]{file1.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=15cm]{file2.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=15cm]{file3.pdf}
% ...etc, for each of your pdf files
\end{document}

Finally, run (in a terminal)

pdflatex joined.tex

Hopefully, you will get your file in joined.pdf


Random crashes after Nvidia instalation, even before boot!

As you stated. The crashes even come in while booting. You clearly have a hardware problem.  You should fix those before trying anything on the software side.

I have never had trouble with HDMI or heard that this can cause crashes. You have already ruled out heating problem.

You should check if your graphics card and the power cables are all properly connected. Try switching one component after the other. Try a different old graphics card or, if available, the on-board graphics card.

Maybe you can test the Nvidia graphics-card and the PSU in a different computer?
Also, did you test the CPU temperature? Maybe your CPU heat-sink got a little lose and that is causing the unstable system?
Did one of your RAM components turn bad? If you have more than one, try to remove one and test again.
If all this still doesn't single out all the component that runs unstable you will finally have to test the motherboard, which will inevitably mean a lot a work.

Edit added the additional info from the comments.


Is the software updater the same as sudo apt-get upgrade?

I do not know the exact mechanics of software center, but they are all front ends for package management.

From the command line the equivalnts are

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

or

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

I believe Ubuntu is slowly migrating from apt-get to apt.

For additional information see

What is the difference between apt and apt-get?

https://www.maketecheasier.com/apt-vs-apt-get-ubuntu/

and

https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-faq/ch-pkgtools.en.html


Reboot to fail safe mode when root file system is full

To boot your Ubuntu system entirely in a RAM drive you can do the following:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/BootToRAM

Changes made to the filesystem will be lost when the computer shuts down, preventing the system from getting full and failing to boot. If you want persistent changes, you can add lines to /etc/fstab to mount persistent hard drive partitions. For example, if you wanted everything under /home to be persistent, you would make a partition of the hard drive (say /dev/sda1) and add this to /etc/fstab:

/dev/sda1 /home ext3 defaults 0 0

You'll likely want to check up on the usage of /home now and again, but if it fills up it will not prevent the system from booting.


How do I configure FTP accounts for vsftpd?

Try on this link.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/vsftpd

Solution for you is creation of virtual user. Also you can chroot them witch mean that user can not go to another folder ...


Problem updating plymouth bootscreen theme

Ok I got it, I should have edited the new "bluebuntu.script" to this:

Window.SetBackgroundTopColor (0, 0.09, 0.14);
Window.SetBackgroundBottomColor (0, 0.09, 0.14);

And then:

sudo update-initramfs -u

No more purple! (no that there's anything wrong with that)


How to have IE11 in Linux Guest on Win7 Host?

You could in your Linux Guest, install VirtualBox or VMWare, create a virtual machine, install Windows and run EI11 there, but this seems redundant.

Internet Explorer is a Windows program, and does not run in Linux.  There is a chance that IE may run in WINE, but it may not run well, or may fail in the next round of updates from Microsoft.


There are two methods to solve this situation, one which uses a system command, and another more manual method.

Select-editor command

Use the command:

select-editor

Which will give you another attempt at using the number-based system to select the default text editor.

Manual Method:

If it does not already exist, create the .selected_editor file for the user. This should be located in the user's home directory.

The contents should depend on which editor you prefer, for simplicity I'd recommend nano. To use nano the file should contain the line:

SELECTED_EDITOR=/bin/nano

To use the slightly more complicated/feature-rich editor vim, use:

SELECTED_EDITOR=/usr/bin/vim

Once you've specified your preferred editor, reload the cron service with:

service cron reload

At which point your user's crontab -e command should work as expected, with the chosen editor.

NOTE:This is the upstart method for restarting a service, which still works on 14.04, though using the systemd method systemctl is recommended for 16.04


Is it possible to write programs for other OSs in Ubuntu?

From http://monodevelop.com/

  MonoDevelop is an IDE primarily designed for C# and other .NET
  languages. MonoDevelop enables developers to quickly write desktop and
  ASP.NET Web applications on Linux, Windows and Mac OSX. MonoDevelop
  makes it easy for developers to port .NET applications created with
  Visual Studio to Linux and to maintain a single code base for all
  platforms.

MonoDevelop is based on Mono, a free open source implementation of the .NET Framework. Mono supports C#, but also supports Visual Basic 8. MonoDevelop supports multiple languages, including C# and Visual Basic, So if you prefer to develop in VB, you can do that with MonoDevelop on Ubuntu, and you can run your VB programs on Ubuntu (and Windows) too.

Sounds like that is what you need.


How to get rid of GRUB teminal (dual boot)?

This is where I think you have gone adrift. As explained earlier your pastebin shows 2 different boot partitions for Ubuntu, which are obviously in conflict. Windows 10 already has its own 100MB boot partition (shown as Efi System partition), when it was installed. You can see this in W10 when you run command diskmgmt.msc In fact you don't even need to make any boot partition as when you install Ubuntu it should automatically make its own EFI /boot partition, where GRUB should configure itself to carry the identical files in the Windows boot partition. Without boot-repair it could take a few hours to and fro trying different things to get this to work with the risk you could screw up booting into Windows. It's not worth the time and trouble. I recommend you just re-install Ubuntu.

First of all check that you can still boot into W10 without issue. When there, run diskmgmt.msc and delete all partitions of Ubuntu only. You should be back to unallocated space for it. Then boot from your live Ubuntu USB to install it. When asked to choose 'installation type', choose option something else. Just follow instructions here, starting from step 4 which are very well explained. When you've done that make sure your BIOS/UEFI is set to boot from Ubuntu as first disk. Let us know how you get on.


shows block files while booting my laptop

Nothing harmful, it's fsck checking your first partition to make sure it's in consistent situation.

Sometimes a forced power off or power failure might be the reason of check disk.


Dual Boot Mac - Ubuntu booting into a black screen before GRUB

GRUB isn't linked to Ubuntu booting as far as i know. So you should at least get to he Grub interface.
Well I've really not got that much of an expertise on Mac OSs. It's probably because your graphic card. Assuming you can at least get to the GRUB menu before it goes completely black, press F6 adn you should get booted into a different screen with different options, choose nomodeset. In some cases it might not show it as an option so just add manually nomodeset quiet splash, and it should get you booted on a GUI. Basically what it does it tells kernel to not to load the video drivers and use the BIOS instead. For adding the command in the GRUB it's keys varies so just look at the bottom of the GRUB and it should give you the key to add or edit a command.
It should get you into a graphical environment once you boot with the new option you added.See if this works out for you

If you can't even access the GRUB menu it might be the problem of rEFInd so you may want to reinstall that.


High CPU usage compared to WinXP. Common aps and actions use 100% CPU cycles

There are lots of things you can, and need to do, to improve the performance of your system.

First, install thermald to control laptop temperatures:

sudo apt-get install thermald

More info can be found here wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/PowerManagement/ThermalIssues

Next, install TLP. TLP helps save power and maximize performance. Run these commands to install TLP:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linrunner/tlp
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install tlp tlp-rdw

You will need to edit the following file before you start TLP:

sudo leafpad /etc/default/tlp

Go through the settings and set them accordingly. Most importantly you must set the following line near the beginning of the file:

TLP_ENABLE=1

Every line that begins with a "#" will not be used by the system so remove any "#" to enable a setting or add a "#" to the beginning of a line to do the opposite. When you are done, save the file before closing and then run the following command:

sudo tlp start

More info can be found here: prevent-your-laptop-from-overheating

Furthermore, make sure your hardware sensors are properly detected. Install lm-sensors with this command:

sudo apt-get install lm-sensors

And run the following command to properly detect your sensors:

sudo sensors-detect

Follow the suggestions, accept the defaults if it's "safe" and skip anything that "could be risky".

more: how-to-use-to-use-lm-sensors

If you want control over your CPU you can install a frequency scaler:

sudo apt-get install indicator-cpufreq

You may have to search for it in your apps to enable it the first time. I couldn't get it to run on any pentium4 computers but if your celeron is supported, you'll probably appreciate the direct control.

Finally, look into installing some openGL support. Windows has activeX but linux has openGL to provide hardware acceleration to reduce the load on your CPU by enabling your GPU to do it's job. There is also a intel-linux-graphics-installer available that can keep you up to date with the latest opensource intel firmware. 01.org/linuxgraphics/downloads


sites-available subfolders and a2ensite?

No, you can't. Consider an organization like this:

/etc/apache2/sites-available/00-client0-first-site
/etc/apache2/sites-available/00-client0-second-site
/etc/apache2/sites-available/00-client0-third-site
/etc/apache2/sites-available/01-client1-first-site
/etc/apache2/sites-available/01-client1-second-site

So you can enable them without creating symlinks manually.

An useful link about multiple Virtual Host


make services request permission to open ports?

To prevent ports from opening, you should stop the services opening them (or disable their automatic startup). Then, you will be able to start or stop them manually using the service command.

Of course, it's possible to block ports with a firewall, but this will run useless services and create errors.

BTW, the port 443 is allocated to bacula (a distributed backup program) according to /etc/services. You can take a look at it to discover which services use which ports.

HTH


When debian gcc encounters an internal error it tries to run the code through the compilation core again. If it gets the same results every time it assumes it really is a bug in the compiler core. If it doesn't then you get the "The bug is not reproducible, so it is likely a hardware or OS problem." message.

This could be caused by a bug in the compiler core that is sensitive to some external factor, a bug in the kernel or dodgy hardware.


Isn't it supposed to be recreated automatically?

No. A default .bashrc file is copied from /etc/skel when a user account is first created by adduser - if you retained your previous user account(s) then there would be no reason for it to be re-created.

You can copy it manually from /etc/skel yourself.

See man adduser.


Can't boot into Ubuntu 18.04, blinking cursor

I found the issue. I had installed an ATEN 2-port USB kvm switch for my keyboard / mouse earlier. Removing it solves the issue.


Can't mount cd/dvd r/w drive in Ubuntu 12.04

I have the same problem. Using my Acer laptop Ubuntu (Any version) doesn't recognize the DVD R/W Rom drive that's built in. I purchased an External DVD R/W and it seems to work fine. I know it isn't a solution but for the time being, it works. Until I can figure out the problem, I can still utilize other discs.

Pico


Install the nvidia-367 driver.

$ sudo apt install nvidia-367

After that reboot your computer.

You may have to run Additional Drivers from Software & Updates to change to the best option.  Select the recommended or tested option.  After applying the changes, reboot.


How to install Firefox and Firefox Aurora in parallel?

Download the latest aurora build from here

mozilla download

extract it and move it to /opt/firefox/aurora or what ever you wanna call the folder.

and simply run /opt/firefox/aurora/firefox


Wow. After a week of searching for a solution, it ended up just being a loose HDMI cord. I have no idea how it caused the behaviors described above. Perhaps Satan possessed the cord. Once I plugged it all the way in, it worked like normal, no problem.

The moral of the story, kiddies, is to check your HDMI cords before posting on AskUbuntu.


why the graphic interface of some applications is overriding?

I had same problem and it was solved by rm  ~/.xinputrc

Graphical glitch in background of windows after update to 17.04


where to get full featured IG client for ubuntu

Instagraph is an unofficial native Instagram client which is packaged as a snap package in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu. To install it open the terminal and type:
sudo snap install instagraph

Features:

customizable Instagraph feeds
make photo collections
multiple edit options
video live possible

Instagram Direct (icon with the red message notification) is not available in the Instagram desktop web app.

There is another Instagram desktop app (sudo snap install istekram) that says that it supports Instagram direct messaging, but istekram is lightweight and not full-featured. It's just a simple HTML wrapper for Instagram built with Electron.


How can I fix library conflicts during compilation stemmed from manually installed packages from source code?

The main issue here was the existence of libraries and includes in /usr/local that were compiled in Precise (12.04).

When searching for the development headers specified by #include, gcc and g++ have /usr/local/include higher on the list than /usr/include. Therefore, if you have a library's dev headers in  both /usr/local/include and /usr/include, then the one in /usr/local/include will be used, regardless of the version. While this may have been fine in Precise, since the libraries that were locally compiled were likely newer versions, this wouldn't be fine in Trusty, when the system version of the library would be of a equal or newer version of the library you installed. In addition, as system libraries changed, the SONAMEs would have changed, and locally-compiled libraries would have to be recompiled. Therefore, gcc/g++ would use the older version and may complain about missing symbols and/or linking errors.

If a library is present in the main repos, it is generally recommended to use that library instead of compiling it by yourself (unless you need a newer version of a library for either development or to fix a bug); that way, when you upgrade your system, that library is updated as well, and recompiled to link correctly with the other libraries.


I have a Tecra A4 laptop. How can I ensure I have the latest graphics driver for it?

In general, if you keep your system up-to-date via Update Manager (under System > Administration > Update Manager) then the latest tested graphics drivers will automatically be installed.

If you have an NVIDIA or ATI/AMD graphics card, then you can opt-in to the manufacturer-supplied drivers by going to System > Administration > Additional Drivers.

Updated from your question:

  When I go to System > Administration > Additional Drivers, it does a check and says "No Proprietary Drivers are in use on this system" with a black list box and a disabled Enable button.

If this is the case, your laptop may have an integrated Intel GMA chipset, which does not require proprietary drivers (and you're already up-to-date). I googled around and found that many Tecra A4 models in fact have Intel GMA chipsets instead of NVIDIA or ATI.


"java -version" showing a different output. How to find the installed folder and configure JAVA_HOME and JDK_HOME?

What you are missing is adding jdk1.8.0_65/bin folder to your PATH environmental variable.

  Firstly, what does this mean? Are there multiple versions of java installed on my system?

No, but the one you installed in /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_65 isn't located by other programs like netbeans or android that depend on Java. To verify it for yourself, just open up your terminal and add the folder containing java executable to your path variable like this:

export PATH="/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_65/bin:$PATH"

To test whether this was successful, go to any directory and fire this command:

java -version

Once that is a success, go to netbeans folder and execute it:

./netbeans

If all other settings are good, it should run and so should android! To make the changes permanent, add the path modifier to your ~/.profile file (otherwise, you will have to issue the export command each time you open the terminal to work with java).


Based on the reported error, you appear to be sourcing a Bourne-style .profile into the fish shell:

$ fish
Welcome to fish, the friendly interactive shell
Type help for instructions on how to use fish
 ~>
 ~> source ~/.profile
Missing end to balance this if statement
~/.profile (line 22): if [ -r "$HOME/env_vars" ]; then
                      ^
from sourcing file ~/.profile
    called on standard input

source: Error while reading file “/home/steeldriver/.profile”

The conditional syntax is not compatible between the two shell families: see for example fish Tutorial: Conditionals (If, Else, Switch)


How to properly configure onedrive after having used "onedrive --monitor"?

@Josja
This is a bug with the Ubuntu PPA Package.
The packager, for whatever reason, has decided to automatically enable the system services, so, once authorised, will just start working in the manner you are seeing.
You have done everything correctly else as far as I can tell.
Your options here are:

Uninstall the Ubuntu PPA package and build from source - then you will not have this issue, but you will need to manually compile new versions when they are released.
File a bug against the Ubuntu PPA Package and have the maintainer fix this error, hope that an updated package gets released, then, uninstall / reinstall
Become the Universe Package Owner and fix the Universe package so that it is always kept up-to-date so that the PPA does not need to be used
Live with it


This is because you haven't installed certain mp4 codecs in your system.

I can't say which plugin you are missing. I can only say you are missing a plugin.

Installing all the restricted plugins will solve the issue.

Open your Terminal and execute this command:

  sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

Now it should work.


creating a static route and a default gateway

for some strange reasons, playing with my routing table, i managed to make it work by issuing this route

route add -net 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 gw 10.169.5.1


Why doesn't my USB 3.0 PCI-E card work (VIA chipset)?

The VIA VL800 controller used has poor support for Linux

It appears you are using Logilink's 4-port USB 3.0 card:

This uses the VIA VL800 USB 3.0 controller. While this controller fully supports the USB 3.0 standard in theory and should work well with the default xhci USB 3.0 driver in Linux, it does not. In fact, there is a well-documented history of the VL800 not working, [working at low speeds](, crashing your kernel, etc.

This is not Ubuntu/Linux's fault, but the manufacturer's (VIA) for making a poorly-supported non-compliant product.

Solution: try a newer kernel, or use a different Logilink USB 3.0 card with the NEC chipset

You have two options:

You can try a newer (beta) Ubuntu kernel, hoping the that workarounds for the VL800 have been added, thus improving support.

But this may cause problems with your other hardware, notably Nvidia/AMD graphics and wireless -- see warnings/general information here
If you want to do this, look at this answer for hints, or Google/search AskUbuntu.com on how to install the newer kernels.

Simply get another card with better Linux support

Logilink also makes a 2-port PCI-Express USB 3.0 card which uses the NEC USB 3.0 chipset that has excellent support in Linux/Ubuntu (it was the first USB 3.0 chipset to come out and the company played an important role in drafting the USB 3.0 standard).

I would certainly consider replacing your card with this one instead of messing about with mainline/beta kernels.


Someone please Help me with ubuntu installation

Keep the USB Stick plugged in until the computer is shut down and restarts.
Then you can plug it out to start from you HDD and not from the USB stick again.


How to setup whole-disk encryption with dual boot on a MacBook Pro (generation 9,2 with 12.04)

My question appears to have been answered in the Ubuntu bug report at:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/1027951/comments/17

  You can create plenty more than 4 partitions. The currently supported method of installing with an encrypted root is to place /boot on an unencrypted partition.

Somehow I was under the impression that I need to limit the GPT partitions to 4, so that syncing the GPT works. But apparently this syncing is discouraged and not required when using Grub 2.


Connect to bluetooth device from command line

Bluetooth daemon
In the default installation a daemon (bluetoothd) runs in the background (run from the file /etc/init.d/bluetooth). This daemon takes care on recognizing and connecting to known bluetooth devices and may be cofigured with configuration files in /etc/bluetooth. For autoconneting a headset the following line in audio.conf should be uncommented (remove #):
AutoConnect=true

To restart the daemon type sudo /etc/init.d/bluetooth restart.
Remark: Using the command line tool sudo hcitool cc <MAC-Adress> did not lead to a stable connection to a known device in the test environment here when the daemon was running.

DBus
In order to connect a disconnected but physically present and paired headset we can use D-Bus from a script. Here's an example in python:
#!/usr/bin/python
# Toggles headset connection

import dbus
from dbus.mainloop.glib import DBusGMainLoop

dbus_loop = DBusGMainLoop()
bus = dbus.SystemBus(mainloop=dbus_loop)

#Get dbus interface for headset
manager = bus.get_object('org.bluez', '/')
iface_m = dbus.Interface(manager, 'org.bluez.Manager')
adapterPath = iface_m.DefaultAdapter()
adapter = bus.get_object('org.bluez', adapterPath)
iface_a = dbus.Interface(adapter, 'org.bluez.Adapter')
devicePath = iface_a.ListDevices()[0]  # assuming first device
device = bus.get_object('org.bluez', devicePath)
iface_h = dbus.Interface(device, 'org.bluez.Headset')

#Check state of connection
connected = iface_h.IsConnected()
print 'Toggling connection. Please wait'
# toggle connection
if not connected:
    try:
        iface_h.Connect()
        print 'Connecting: ', devicePath
    except:
        print 'Device not found'
else:
    iface_h.Disconnect()
    print 'Disconnecting: ', devicePath

In case we have more than one Bluetooth device we will have to adapt the devicePath appropriately, of course. The example above will connect a Headset. Change the interface to a different protocol for any other service (e.g. AudioSink).

Pulseaudio
If you know the MAC adress of your Bluetooth device you can connect it as an output sink for pulseaudio by:
pacmd set-default-sink bluez_sink.xx_xx_xx_xx_xx_xx

Where xx_xx_xx_xx_xx_xx is the MAC address (replace ':' by '_' for pulseaudio to recognize it).
See also this answer for more details.


Logout, then at login choose your GUI ('Desktop Environment')
or
run  startx


Okay, follow this guide: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RecoveryMode, then get a root shell. Type in passwd **your-username-here**. Set the new password to something you can remember, then type reboot.

This "feature" is a massive security hole, though it's also useful for legitimately getting into your machine.


Qualcomm Atheros qca61x4 network adapter not working

My solution.

So I guess because I didn't do a clean install for 16.04 the windows driver I had tried to install (unsuccessfully) with ndiswrapper was still there, not sure if that is the whole problem. Running 'modprobe ath10k_pci' would start up the correct driver firmware however looking at dmesg I realized it wasn't loading correctly. The firmware I got was from here (https://github.com/kvalo/ath10k-firmware). Weirdly enough, although lspci told me my card was the 6164, the firmware it was trying to load was from the 6174 folder, the issue is it was trying to load from a hw2.1 folder which did not exist when I downloaded the firmware from the git link. I manually downloaded the files for 6174 hw2.1 from the git link and had to create that folder in lib/firmware/ath10k/6174 and paste the files in. That still didn't work so I went back in and renamed one of the files to firmware-5.bin from it's original name (firmware-5.bin_SW_RM.1.1.1-00157-QCARMSWPZ-1). After a reboot it still didn't work until I ran the 'sudo modprobe ath10k_pci' command. Lo and behold, it now works...provided I manually start up the correct firmware each boot.

Again, for newbies like me, to do the file operations, you must run 'sudo nautilus' to get sudo access in the file manager.

Hopefully my lengthy solution will help those like me who aren't very familiar with ubuntu.


Maverick was version 10.10, released released on 10 October 2010, which is no longer supported. The current version, 18.04 LTS, will be supported until Avril 2023.


The toolbar in evince is apparently buggy, according to bug reports, and it is not possible to hide it, ever, as it remembers per-file settings, which override/ignore the toolbar visibility setting adjusted via e.g. dconf-editor.

It is a shame that evince, which works so well, has this glitch in the UI. The visibility toolbar should be adjusted from a "View" menu. Please bring that view menu back.


Ubuntu MATE freeze on logout/shutdown/reboot when running on Intel graphics card

I used to have the same problem with my MSIGE62VR, the fix was to add:

acpi_osi=! acpi_osi="Windows 2009"

in the kernel parameters.

Solution derived from here


How to apply gradient background to GtkWidget in GTK3?

Sure you can!

Gtk3 allows for theming using CSS. Here's a quick example I threw together in Python:

#!/usr/bin/python3
from gi.repository import Gtk, Gdk

button = Gtk.Button("Click Me")
grid = Gtk.Grid()
grid.add(button)
window = Gtk.Window()
window.set_size_request(200, 50)
window.add(grid)

css_provider = Gtk.CssProvider()
css = """
 .button {
      background-image: -gtk-gradient (linear,
                                       left top,
       left bottom,
       from (#d0e4f7),
       color-stop (0.5, darker (#d0e4f7)),
       to (#fdffff));
    }
"""

css_provider.load_from_data(css.encode('UTF-8'))
screen = Gdk.Screen.get_default()
style_context = window.get_style_context()
style_context.add_provider_for_screen(screen, css_provider,
                                          Gtk.STYLE_PROVIDER_PRIORITY_APPLICATION)

window.connect('delete-event', Gtk.main_quit)
window.show_all()
Gtk.main()

Carlos Garnacho has a great article on GNOME Journal that gets into the specifics.


Login loop after kernel update 3.13.0-143-generic Ubuntu 14.04

This is because the newer kernels have the retpoline Spectre mitigation. You're going to need to rebuild your nvidia.ko kernel module with a patched version of the stock distribution gcc.

Here is the bug and more details: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xorg/+bug/1750937


You cannot set a general scaling factor. You can however, make the font smaller for window titles, and it should make the title bar smaller. You can also make or use a different window manager theme with smaller or no title bars.

To change the font of the title bars, you can do this, in a terminal:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences titlebar-font "Font Name 10"

Just replace the "Font Name 10" with the font name and size you wish to use. To keep the Ubuntu font and make it smaller, you might want to try "Ubuntu 8" for example. Also, it's generally a good idea to step font sizes in multiples of 2 (6, 8, 10, 12), as they scale more evenly.


ACPI : EC: Fail in evaluating the _REG object of EC device. Broken bios is suspected

Just starting the PC with the boot parameters

nomodeset idle=nomwait

For ASUS Rog 6th generation intel just

idle=nomwait

is enough.

Thanks myself.


The error message says that:

/etc/ssh/sshd_config: line 107: Bad configuration option: ForwardX11Trusted

Please, edit your sshd_config file and remove or comment line 107.

I think there is no option called ForwardX11Trusted for sshd_config. Is it for ssh_config?

Please, look at:

man sshd_config | grep X11
man ssh_config | grep X11


HP Laserjet P1102w printer doesn't print over wifi

It looks like you're using the IPP print driver. I've set my P1102W at a fixed IP address using reserved IP/DHCP in my router, and then used the socket print driver, like so:


You're downloading the wrong version. Ubuntu 18.04 has a "live server" version which has a faster/easier, but less configurable installer.

You want to download the alternative installer instead: http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/releases/bionic/release/


dual boot no efi system partition was found

yes that's correct, when you customize your own partitions like you have done here you should create a small partition just for efi. So go back and create a partition in a size of 256MB and select efi as mount point.

You can read more about recommended partitions here
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DiskSpace


How can I open a range of ports in ubuntu using (g)ufw

You can specify port ranges to ufw (the command-line one), using : (colon) to separate the lowest and the highest port in the range.  For example:

ufw allow 11200:11299/tcp

Note that the protocol part (/tcp or /udp) is mandatory with port ranges.

This works at least since Ubuntu 10.04.


Screen Brightness Keys

I have the same problem on a UX305FA, and here's what I did to address it. Rather than pulling my hair out over the issue,

I installed xbacklight, a command line program for changing screen brightness

sudo apt install xbacklight

Then I set custom keyboard shortcuts that run xbacklight to increase/decrease the brightness. I couldn't get Fn+F5/F6 to work as a binding, so I use
+F5/F6 instead.

I don't remember the exact commands I used with xbacklight, but the man page should have enough to get you going.

As for the other keys, I didn't attempt to get any of them working, but you might be able to work out something similar with those as well.


Can't SSH or FTP into the server with new user accounts?

What shell is set for this new user?

Try following command: (don't paste the output)

less /etc/passwd

Example output:
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
user:x:1:1:user:/home/user:/bin/sh

The last entry is the login shell which is used. If this entry differs from the one user which is working - change it. Please make a copy of this file before changing it!

Another reason could be that the ftp client is using the passive type of communication. With passive mode the client is opening additional ports for the data communication.
So try to deactivate the passive mode in the ftp client.

The log of the ftp client should inherit following line if it using passive mode:
[R] 227 Entering Passive Mode (81,255,103,144,122,177)


First you need to import the Soundfonts in Qsynth. To do this press the setup button and go to the Soundfonts tab. The Soundfonts can be found under /usr/share/sounds/sf2/.

Then you can choose which sound to use for each channel. Press the channels button in Qsynth. A new window will be opened in which you can see all the channels and instruments related to them. Right click on the desired channel and click edit in order to choose the sound.


You should start by removing not needed files. Replace sda1 with your partition with your data (if you don't know try it as it is):

$ sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
$ sudo thunar /mnt/home/

This will mount your hard drive and start thunar. There you should be able to delete files you don't need.


On the login page, there is a little gear next to the "login" button.  Click that and one of the choices should have "Wayland" in it.  If it does not, then you probably are using the Nvidia drivers, which are not compatible.  Ubuntu 18.04 would automatically switch to the Intel i915 drivers even when the Nvidia drivers were installed and in use, but looks 19.10 removed that feature.
  Use the nouveau driver instead of the proprietary Nvidia drivers.  From the "Software and Updates" launcher icon, select the additional drivers tab and click on the nouveau button, then click the "Apply" button.  A progress bar will indicate the drivers being reset, wait until it finishes.  Reboot immediately.  Do not just logout, you will get a login-loop trying to get back in, and the restart/shutdown wont work either.  You'd have to start a virtual terminal (ctrl-Alt-F3), login, and sudo shutdown -h -t0 now to shut down the system. Then login should work, and the login screen gear will offer the ubuntu Wayland choice.


xcb-xrm not found when installing polybar

There are several ways to solve this problem. I see you are using the build.sh script. Here the easiest way is to pass the -f flag to the script when running it, like so: build.sh -f

This will force polybar to completely reconfigure itself and thus also detect the xrm dependency.

If you are not using the build.sh script, the remaining two ways are to either

Delete the build dir (this is what build.sh -f also does) and run cmake and make again
When running cmake, additionally pass the -DWITH_XRM=ON flag, this will force enable xrm support. If you are familiar with it, you can also use cmake to change the WITH_XRM variable to ON


How to use Cloud-init to create an Ubuntu 20 server with a specific disk size?

Is Cloud-init intended role only after some other process has created
the initial disks?

yes - that is the case.
Cloud init runs "inside" the guest, it can not change the actual disk size that is provided. It can only affect to what amount the Filesystem on it will consume the disk.
Workflow order:

On the Host a tool creates a qcow image file of some size
(usually you'd have a cloud-image and make the new file a COW-clone, for
initial deployment speed; depending on the Pro-grade you can go more complex
as needed but this solution works fine)
When the guest starts cloud-init helps to customize that to differentiate
it from the other thousands of times you instantiate from the same image. As
part of this (the default) it extends the FS on the disk to 100% of the disk
size as that is what is wanted in most cases (or to the percentage you set, if
100% isn't what you need)..

To change the disk size of various guests created, you'll have to create different sizes in step #1 at the host.
If you want you can take a look at uvtool which does both above steps to learn more about it.
P.S. If you thought about cloud-init more like an installer ... that is curtin. But to be clear - in a virtual environment that still couldn't change the size of the actual disk - that will always be at the hypervisor level providing said disk.


Restarting the machine actually helped me. Unfortunately, I could not figure what exactly went wrong. However, have a look at the following before you bang your head in frustration:

Check the config file located at /etc/rsyncd.conf for minute typos.

The log file can give you subtle details of why rsync is failing to start, check the logs. They are located where you have configured them in the config file /etc/rsyncd.conf. Mine were in /var/log/rsyncd.log.


Booting Ubuntu Failure : error: attempt to read or write outside of disk 'hd0'

I have spent days messing with this and researching an answer, and I was unable to find one until today. I wanted to post the solution here because I find it unlikely that I am the only one (this question has a lot of views).

The answer for me was found here: http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-laptop-and-netbook-25/boot-problem-after-installing-ubuntu-11-04-kernel-panic-not-syncing-vfs-919143/

Booting from a LiveCD and altering grub.cfg to access the block device by name instead of UUID was the fix for me. This was temporary... in that after I updated my packages, it installed a grub update that broke it. I have been messing with the grub.cfg to try and re-fix it, now, but its progress! Hope someone can fill in the next step.


Software Installation (CoreBoot flashrom) on Ubuntu 17.10

You should install build-essential and dependencies with:

sudo apt-get install build-essential libpci-dev libusb-dev libusb-1.0-0-dev \
libftdi-dev linux-headers-generic

Then download, extract and compile your application:

cd ~/Downloads
wget https://review.coreboot.org/cgit/flashrom.git/snapshot/flashrom-p1.0.tar.gz
tar -xf flashrom-p1.0.tar.gz
cd flashrom-p1.0/
make

After compilation you will find flashrom executable in the current directory, it produces the following output:

$./flashrom
flashrom  on Linux 4.15.0-20-generic (x86_64)
flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org

Please select a programmer with the --programmer parameter.
Previously this was not necessary because there was a default set.
To choose the mainboard of this computer use 'internal'. Valid choices are:
internal, dummy, nic3com, nicrealtek, gfxnvidia, drkaiser, satasii, atavia,
it8212, ft2232_spi, serprog, buspirate_spi, dediprog, rayer_spi, pony_spi,
nicintel, nicintel_spi, nicintel_eeprom, ogp_spi, satamv, linux_spi,
usbblaster_spi, pickit2_spi, ch341a_spi.


For 12.04
Remove the following packages:
sudo apt-get remove unity unity-2d unity-2d-panel unity-2d-spread unity-asset-pool unity-services unity-lens-files unity-lens-music unity-lens-applications gir1.2-unity-5.0 unity-common indicator-sound indicator-power indicator-appmenu libindicator7 indicator-application indicator-datetime indicator-messages libnux-2.0-0 nux-tools libunity-misc4 unity-2d-common

syslinux-legacy will be installed, but this can be safely ignored.
Note: After removing Unity using the above described method, provided LightDM hasn't been otherwise removed, you'll still be greeted with the LightDM desktop manager upon rebooting into Ubuntu. But with Unity removed, LightDM won't have any desktops to manage, and so attempting to log in from LightDM will result in an error message. From LightDM, you can use "CTRL+ALT+F1" to exit into a terminal, from which you can install a new desktop environment, if desired.  For example, sudo apt-get install gnome-core can be used to install the Gnome Desktop Environment from the terminal, or sudo apt-get install lxde can be used to install LXDE from the terminal, etc. You will be given a choice between "lightdm" and "gdm" desktop managers during the desktop installation process. Selecting "lightdm" works with both the Gnome Desktop Environment and LXDE.
For 11.10
Remove the following packages:
sudo apt-get remove unity unity-2d-places unity-2d unity-2d-panel unity-2d-spread unity-asset-pool unity-services unity-lens-files unity-lens-music unity-lens-applications gir1.2-unity-4.0 unity-common indicator-sound indicator-power indicator-appmenu libindicator6 indicator-application evolution-indicator indicator-datetime indicator-messages libnux-1.0-0 nuxtools

This will remove Transmission and Tomboy, no problem there, just reinstall them after using
sudo apt-get install tomboy transmission

or you can just search for unity in the Software Center and remove it.
For 11.04
The easiest way to not use Unity is to just use the classic desktop:

How do I switch to the Classic GNOME Desktop?

To actually remove unity you need to remove the following packages, this will just leave the "classic" option on the login screen:

unity, libnux, unity-place-applications, unity-place-files

or you can just search for unity in the Software Center and remove it.
If you're having performance problems or your video card is blacklisted but you still want to try it you can always check out the 2D interface:

How do I install and switch to the Unity 2D desktop?

For 10.10:
In addition to removing the unity package search for ubuntu-netbook in the Ubuntu Software Center and remove the packages ubuntu-netbook and ubuntu-netbook-default-settings.
This will revert your installation to a traditional desktop with 2 panels and GNOME.
Similar to: How can I remove "Ubuntu Netbook Edition" option from the GDM session menu?


Foxid Reader for Ubuntu opens all file types, file type association bug?

It looks like the Foxid installer has a bug and misunderstands the file type association configurations.

Open a Terminal (with Ubuntu press Ctrl + Alt + T), then open the ~/.local/share/applications folder with the Change Directory comand:

cd ~/.local/share/applications

Open the FoxidReader.desktop file:

nano FoxidReader.desktop

And inside the Nano text editor, remove the highlighted following command like this:

Such that you are left as this:

Press Ctrl + X to save, and enter Yes when prompted.

Then, inside the same folder, edit mimeapps.list:

nano mimeapps.list

Originally, this file is like this,

Comment the last line, because FoxitReader does not support application/octet-stream. You should get it as this:

Press Ctrl + X to save again and you are done.

The bug is posted in here.


What are the default LS_COLORS and DIR_COLORS values in Ubuntu?


Where is the share button in firefox 23?

You first need to visit this page which tells you how to install "Messenger for Firefox". Only after that will you see the "social" button. And there's a video here: https://blog.mozilla.org/blog/2012/12/03/firefox-gets-social-w-facebook/


Triple Boot Ubuntu, Kali Linux & Windows 10 Grub issue

I would recommend you to run a live cd of Ubuntu and install boot-repair.
Open the terminal and copy and paste the following command:

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update

After successfully adding and updating the repository type the following command:

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

There you can solve your issues related to boot.

Or try it with Super GRUB 2 disk.

You can download it from here.

Then install it in a usb using Unetbootin
Now you could restart your system and make sure it is set in the boot option menu.


As you pointed out "got separate X Window for both displays, then turned off PC display and set primary for TV - it worked after restart!"


Alright, I am typing this on my now fixed laptop!

The problem was, indeed, something to do with those dependency packages from BRL-CAD. So I removed all of those packages, as well as xserver

sudo apt-get remove --purge libx11-dev
sudo apt-get remove --purge libxi-dev
sudo apt-get remove --purge libxt-dev
sudo apt-get remove --purge libxau-dev
sudo apt-get remove --purge libxext-dev
sudo apt-get remove --purge libxmu-dev
sudo apt-get remove --purge libxmu-headers
sudo apt-get remove --purge xserver-xorg
sudo apt-get remove --purge brlcad
sudo apt-get autoremove

Now we need to reinstall the necessary packages.

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg
sudo apt-get install xinit
sudo apt-get install gnome-shell
sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg

From there I restarted the computer and I was greeted by my desktop.


How to turn off dash history from previous searches in Ubuntu 14.04?

You were looking in the right place.  Go to 'Security & Privacy' and go to the 'Files & Applications' tab.  Toggle off 'Record file and application usage'.  Also be sure to click 'Clear Usage Data' to clear anything that is already cached.


How to permanently migrate to 12.04 from Windows 7 without losing anything?

There are many ways of doing this. The cleanest way is to backup your data in the Windows partition and Ubuntu /home in an external hard drive. Re-install Ubuntu erasing everything and restore the backed up data.

Alternatively backup every thing and try to migrate from wubi to partition following this guide: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MigrateWubi .

It involves

booting from Live CD and manually creating the partitions where
Ubuntu will go to
booting from wubi installation and...
downloading and running the script wubi-move-2.2.sh
Make sure migration was successful and you can boot both Windows and
Ubuntu from respective partitions
Copy the data from Windows partition to Ubuntu partition

After this you will need to remove Windows and reclaim that hard drive space. See How do I remove Windows but keep Ubuntu? for details:

booting from Live CD use gparted to delete windows partitions and
reorganize Ubuntu partition (move, resize etc.)

As I said before, it may be easier to backup, re-install from scratch, and restore.


How to hide/remove Rhythmbox Now playing pop-up/notification?

The infamous popup you are referring to is the Ubuntu notification system.

You'll see that with a variety of applications - weather apps, empathy as well as plugging in external devices.

However if you specifically dont like rhythmbox displaying a notification about which song is playing, it is simple enough to disable it.

From the rhythmbox global menu choose Edit-Plugins or Tools > Plugins, scroll down and deselect Notification

N.B. The global menu can be revealed by hovering your mouse at the top of the screen over the top of the panel which is called the menubar.


Disabling 'auto-hiding' of application windows in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

This can be cause of additional workspaces.

Check Settings->Workspaces and make its count equal 1.


What Custom Launchers and Unity Quicklists are available?

Home Icon Quicklist

Copy 'Home Folder' launcher file to your home directory:

mkdir ~/.local/share/applications
cp /usr/share/applications/nautilus-home.desktop ~/.local/share/applications

Open the file for editing in gedit:

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/nautilus-home.desktop

Delete the following line from the file:

OnlyShowIn=GNOME;

Add this text to the bottom of the file, then close and save:

X-Ayatana-Desktop-Shortcuts=Videos;Documents;Music;Pictures;Downloads
[Videos Shortcut Group]
Name=Videos
Exec=nautilus Videos
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[Documents Shortcut Group]
Name=Documents
Exec=nautilus Documents
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[Music Shortcut Group]
Name=Music
Exec=nautilus Music
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[Pictures Shortcut Group]
Name=Pictures
Exec=nautilus Pictures
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[Downloads Shortcut Group]
Name=Downloads
Exec=nautilus Downloads
TargetEnvironment=Unity

Log out and log in again to see the changes.

Source


Stop libinput from swiping two finger on touchpad to switch between workspaces

Fusuma doesn't recognize 2 finger swipe. Please retry with only fusuma without libinput-gestures.


How to debug USB devices to write my own Drivers, such as we can debug network packets tcpdump -i any -x?

The wireshark utility has a USB-capture mode (as well as network packet capture), and provides a nice GUI for the captured data.

Note that you'll need to run wireshark as root.

If you're after a non-GUI option, you can use the kernel's usbmon interface directly. See usbmon.txt in the kernel source tree for documentation


You can use Back In Time to create snapshots. All snapshots (and also the live filesystem) can be compared by selecting the file/folder you are interested in and using View > Snapshots. Select the second snapshot to compare and press Diff. This will open a Side by Side view (using Meld) of both snapshots/live fs.

I'm member of BIT Dev-Team


Automatically dim brightness if battery is low (command fail)

Install acpi:

$ sudo apt install acpi

$ acpi

View the battery percentage:

$ echo $(acpi | cut -f2 -d, | cut -c2- | cut -f1 -d%)%

Automatically dim brightness if battery is low:

$ A=$(acpi | cut -f2 -d, | cut -c2- | cut -f1 -d%)
$ B=15 # if low battery is <=15.
$ if [ "$A" -le "$B" ]; then xrandr --output VGA-1 --brightness .5; fi;

Here,
VGA-1 is the screen.
Value of brightness is 50%. (--brightness .5)

I need your feedback ;)


Failed to start mysql.service: Unit mysql.service not found

sudo service mysql start

This command starts the daemon of mysql if the script to start the daemon is in /etc/init.d
But you installed mysql by xampp.
So I think it is not there.
Please find and invoke the daemon.


Can I run XAMPP installed on Windows partition

It is close to impossible to run Win XAMPP on Ubuntu out of a Win7 partition, and you would run in all sorts of issues if you would be able to accomplish this.

What you could do though is:

Install Apache on ubuntu with mod_php or whatever you need, and then setup your virtual hosts to point to the Win7 partition.

But be careful you will run in all sorts of issues with document encoding when you switch between system ...

I would not recommend this for webdevelopment ... rather create a git repository of your sites and then you can syncronice your work with a simple

git pull


Ubuntu 14.04 Netbeans 7.4 installation problem

I did not install jdk, for solve them :

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk


It is in the files /etc/ufw/user.rules and /etc/ufw/user6.rules (although probably you should back up the whole of /etc/ufw/)

Ex.

$ sudo ufw status
Status: active

To                         Action      From
--                         ------      ----
22/tcp                     ALLOW       Anywhere
Samba                      ALLOW       Anywhere
22/tcp (v6)                ALLOW       Anywhere (v6)
Samba (v6)                 ALLOW       Anywhere (v6)

corresponds to the IPv4 and IPv6 RULES sections as follows

$ sudo sed '/RULES/,/END RULES/!d' /etc/ufw/user{,6}.rules
### RULES ###

### tuple ### allow tcp 22 0.0.0.0/0 any 0.0.0.0/0 in
-A ufw-user-input -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

### tuple ### allow udp 137,138 0.0.0.0/0 any 0.0.0.0/0 Samba - in
-A ufw-user-input -p udp -m multiport --dports 137,138 -j ACCEPT -m comment --comment 'dapp_Samba'

### tuple ### allow tcp 139,445 0.0.0.0/0 any 0.0.0.0/0 Samba - in
-A ufw-user-input -p tcp -m multiport --dports 139,445 -j ACCEPT -m comment --comment 'dapp_Samba'

### END RULES ###
### RULES ###

### tuple ### allow tcp 22 ::/0 any ::/0 in
-A ufw6-user-input -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

### tuple ### allow udp 137,138 ::/0 any ::/0 Samba - in
-A ufw6-user-input -p udp -m multiport --dports 137,138 -j ACCEPT -m comment --comment 'dapp_Samba'

### tuple ### allow tcp 139,445 ::/0 any ::/0 Samba - in
-A ufw6-user-input -p tcp -m multiport --dports 139,445 -j ACCEPT -m comment --comment 'dapp_Samba'

### END RULES ###


If nothing worked for you , try loading ttyl by pressing  ctrl+  alt +  f1 and login in to see if any error is prompted and try to resolve error from there.

Or if even that doesn't work you can always create a new user from the terminal.

sudo useradd -m username

sudo passwd username


Disable AMD graphic card to save battery

base on your description, you have the proprietary driver installed.

You could switch between AMD / Intel GPU by using the AMD Catalyst Control Center

This could be done by searching AMD in your dash

And open the "Administrative" one to switch GPU. You will be asked to enter your password for it.

However, currently there is a bug affecting it: https://pad.lv/1309550

If nothing happened after you entered the password. Please open a terminal (Ctrl + Alt + t) and run:

sudo amdcccle

You will see this control center, and switch the desired GPU here:


I found that for Night Light I have to set it to manual mode and set the start time to some time before the current time and the end time sometime before the end time.

I was perplexed for a while because I assumed that, like all other widgets in Ubuntu, setting the switch to on (green) would just turn Night Light on.


Trouble installing Windows software using WINE

In my experience, WINE isn't a very good substitute for a real Windows environment, whether it's running on its own metal, or running in a virtual environment like Virtualbox.

The best way is forget about WINE, and install a Windows guest OS in VirtualBox, and then Bet365 as a standard Windows install.


How to check the font and font-family Ubuntu is using

The following commands should help you:

gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.interface document-font-name
gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.interface font-name
gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.interface monospace-font-name

On my system I get:

$ gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.interface document-font-name
'Sans 11'
$ gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.interface font-name
'Ubuntu 11'
$ gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.interface monospace-font-name
'Ubuntu Mono 13'


How to generate an installable image from an existing hard-drive installation

Archive the installation with something like FSArchiver and save that on an USB disk or network share or something, and then write the filesystem back to the disks on the 4 machines.  A good tool for this is the SystemRescueCD.

After that change whatever you want to change on the systems.  (There ways to automate this sort of thing, but it's probably more work to set them up than to change things manually on 4 PCs—that would be different if you had 100 or 1000 PCs of course.)

FSArchiver doesn't care about the size of the source/target filesystem, as long as all the data on the source filesystem fits on the target filesystem.


Is there a command to get packet loss rate on WiFi interface

I think wavemon is a nice tool to monitor wifi quality. I am not exactly sure if mac retries, invalid, missed beacons are the figures that you are looking for. Give it a try.

What about /sbin/ifconfig. I think it also shows the number of dropped packets.


Well, it was much easier to solve than I ever thought possible. A friend gave me the advice to delete the printer in System Settings > Printers. Then add the printer again. That worked like a charm.


Manually migrate from evolution to thunderbird

Firstly there is this migration walk-through:
http://nucleussystems.com/blog/migrate-evolution-to-thunderbird

In regards to changing the default mail client, that is possible via "System Info" in oneiric(11.10). There is a section called "Default Applications" in which you can set the default mail client.


Are these system specifications sufficient for upgrading to Ubuntu 12.10 from Windows 7 Starter?

You can keep calm. Window 7 always consume more resources than Linux. If you want to be more secure you can install Kubuntu instead of Ubuntu that make the difference by using KDE that in my opinion consumes less graphic resources than the last interfaces of Ubuntu.

Also you have a big variety of Linus distributions, here you have a good list of the light-weight linux distros.

http://www.tuxradar.com/content/whats-best-lightweight-linux-distro

I hope I helped you.


Where to find Qt 5 downloaded pack in my Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail)

I'd recommend following the steps on http://developer.ubuntu.com/get-started/

The tutorial in step 2 will show you how to start using the SDK, but in essence, you can simply open the Dash, and type qt creator to start writing apps.

The ubuntu-sdk package is simply a metapackage that will install all the bits and pieces that are part of the SDK, so you won't find any content in there. In any case, to answer the question:

To check if the package is installed, run this command on a terminal: apt-cache policy ubuntu-sdk
To see the contents of the package, run this command on a terminal (as mentioned, the package is mostly empty): dpkg -L ubuntu-sdk


Installing Windows 7 after Ubuntu on MacbookPro 8,2

Have you configured the BIOS properly yet?  It loads before GRUB, and has its own set of settings - normally you can get it by mashing F12 instantly after hitting the power button.  GRUB will only boot from your HDD, and if the BIOS is not configured so that it will check the DVD drive first, you will only ever see GRUB.  Still, the BIOS settings won't let you directly boot from the DVD, it'll set it so it'll check the DVD drive for a bootable image before it checks the HDD and goes to GRUB.

After everything works, you boot from disk, install Windows, and you're done, Windows will kindly overwrite the master boot record so that it only points to itself, making it impossible to boot to Ubuntu.  Typically you should always install Windows first, because it's greedy, but eh, it's still fixable.

Burn this to an .iso and load and run it after Windows is installed.  It'll restore the boot log and you'll see GRUB again and everything should be happy.


Is there a Wine equivalent for Android apps?

EDIT December 29, 2018

I found something named anbox. From their github :

  Anbox is a container-based approach to boot a full Android system on a
  regular GNU/Linux system like Ubuntu. In other words: Anbox will let
  you run Android on your Linux system without the slowness of
  virtualization.

  Anbox uses Linux namespaces (user, pid, uts, net, mount, ipc) to run a
  full Android system in a container and provide Android applications on
  any GNU/Linux-based platform.

  The Android inside the container has no direct access to any hardware.
  All hardware access is going through the anbox daemon on the host.
  We're reusing what Android implemented within the QEMU-based emulator
  for OpenGL ES accelerated rendering. The Android system inside the
  container uses different pipes to communicate with the host system and
  sends all hardware access commands through these.

This is interesting. But I haven't tested it yet, but some articles on the net refers to that. You guys may want to take a look. Meanwhile, I'll update this answer later when I've tried them.

=============================================================

Original answer below.

You can either :

Run ARChon Runtime for Chrome. It is an android runtime, made for Google Chrome.  More info Click here. (You will need to convert APK to archon package with android phone. Also not all apps are compatible. I guarantee a headache, Prepare your paracetamol.)
Run android-x86 in a VirtualBox or similar. More information Here. You may hit performance issues because emulated GPU anyway.
Use Genymotion. More information here.  Basicly something like BlueStacks, but also have multiple device support and most importantly, supports ubuntu. (I can't comment for performance, but in windows, it is great! Also it supports multi touch screens - again on Windows. can't comment on ubuntu.)

For exactly like wine, where you aren't emulating the whole OS, I think ARChon is the most accurate answer. But I'm pretty sure you will hit too much issues and probably just give up like me.

We all know Android is based on Linux kernel. But that doesn't mean that's the same thing. Android doesn't use X server like your desktop.

So AFAIK, there are no solution so far. Sorry.


Disk apparently full despite only ~25% being reported in baobab

I couldn't reboot, because it got so bad. So I had to investigate further.

Okay, so as it turns out the file system was actually full. Why it didn't appear in the lists, I have no idea.

The problem was the PHP xdebug profiler running in a docker container writing the whole filesystem full with the profiling files (cachegrind.out.*).

How I found this out:

booting up in recovery mode, opening the root shell. telinit 2, login (maybe this step is not necessary, I don't know). Then run du -hs /* | sort -h and finding out that under /var is the actual culprit (this time with "only" 306G usage, which seemed more likely). Running the du command a couple of more times to find out that the files in a /tmp folder of a docker container that I was running were writing the disk full. So the solution was to delete all these files and reboot and voila the system rebooted as normal and I'm back to 22% disk usage.


Fusuma/Xdotool Config file not working 20.04

Please check that fusuma loads your config file correctly.
Please paste output of $ fusuma --version


Pointing my domain name to my ubuntu web server

IP addresses in the 192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255 range are internal addresses (private use). They are not reachable from the internet. Moreover, many DNS server will, by default, explicitly ignore responses containing these internal addresses.
Finally, you'll need to ensure that hairpinning or NAT loopback is setup on the router where you've configured the port forwarding.


not sure if this helps but I've been able to configure the mouse using the native app iCUE on Windows 10. I've set some profiles with key mappings there and then uploaded to the device, you can save up to 3 different profiles with remappings, light effects and dpi settings. After saving that, the profiles are available to use from any OS. Right now I'm using ubuntu 18.04 as my main OS with the settings saved in the device. Pretty neat. May be you could configure your mouse from a VM and then use it on any OS.


Error while upgrading Ubuntu 13.04 to Ubuntu 13.10

It was a proxy server issue. Our college uses proxy server which filters the traffic using keywords. And apparently facebook, tomboy are in the list of those keywords.

I upgraded the system from my home network and everything went just fine!


install drops to a (initramfs) prompts/busybox 16.04

I wiped the thumbdrive 1-2 times , UNetbootin failed to even boot so I threw that out.. just did the plain old instructions for making a bootable drive in OS X..

If you get an error for 1 file, in the advanced menu check up.. try to install anyway.. that's what I did and everything loaded up fine.  Weird.


Clicked on unmount instead of eject and now I can not find the DVD player

There is a Linux command called lsblk which will list all of the connected block devices regardless of if they are mounted or not.
From there you should be able to obtain the device name and then eject/mount it.
e.g.
#lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0         7:0    0 55.5M  1 loop /var/lib/snapd/snap/core18/1988
loop2         7:2    0 71.4M  1 loop /var/lib/snapd/snap/lxd/19325
loop3         7:3    0 31.1M  1 loop /var/lib/snapd/snap/snapd/10707
loop4         7:4    0 55.4M  1 loop /var/lib/snapd/snap/core18/1944
loop5         7:5    0 31.1M  1 loop /var/lib/snapd/snap/snapd/11036
loop6         7:6    0 71.5M  1 loop /var/lib/snapd/snap/lxd/19389
sda           8:0    0   32G  0 disk
├─sda1        8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2        8:2    0   31G  0 part
  ├─cl-root 253:0    0 28.8G  0 lvm  /
  └─cl-swap 253:1    0  2.2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sr0          11:0    1 1024M  0 rom

eject /dev/sr0

For adding in mount entries into /etc/fstab this link is very detailed..
https://www.cyberpratibha.com/use-of-fstab-option-for-mounting-disk-in-linux-permanent/
This one details automatic mouting of optical drives.
https://www.techrepublic.com/article/how-to-properly-automount-a-drive-in-ubuntu-linux/


System beep from rc.local-scheduled Python script

Install beep with sudo apt install beep (use apt-get instead of apt for earlier versions than 16.04)

Since beep supports different frequencies you could simply beep -f "$r.statuscode" or beep once for yesbeep -r1and twice for nobeep -r2`.

If for some unknown reason you are unable to get more than one beep you can utilize the -f switch to adjust the frequency to get for instance a lower tone for no and a higher tone for yes.

Examples:

No: beep -f 250

Yes: beep -f 2500

Yes, I know it's a short answer, but sometimes that's all that is required.

further research indicates that you will have to comment out blacklist pcspkr in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf to get this to work. you may also have to set the suid bit on beep to get this to work (I used sudo chmod 4755 /usr/bin/beep as I don't have concerns about others playing with beep on this system)
you may wish to use groups to adjust permissions so that only worthy users can execute beep.

Note: As @JdeBP points out in his answer you may have to open a file descriptor to a terminal device

Sources:
 man beep

Getting the PC speaker to beep

http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/


Some more details are needed.
Since Ubuntu 16.04, the fglrx package which contains the proprietary drivers, is no longer available.
Were you using that? you can check by doing something like:

dmesg | grep -i ati

If not, it might be an upgrade issue, which you could rule out by doing a fresh install (if that is acceptable).
If the open source driver is used and you are sure you have no manual configuration changes, you can file a bug report on launchpad:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu

Make sure to follow the guidelines (search first for existing ones etc).

You could try the proprietary driver from here too:
http://support.amd.com/en-us/download/desktop/previous/detail?os=Ubuntu%20x86%2064&rev=15.9
but it may not work because it doesn't support 17.10 officially.

More info on the open source driver can be found here:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RadeonDriver
(that will probably give you enough info to get to a solution).
Good luck and please post how it goes!


Multiple hosts password problem using mpirun

I don't know if there's a way to force the terminal to ask sequentially but in any case, assuming you are connecting through ssh, a better solution would be to set up passwordless access.

Create a public ssh key on your machine:

ssh-keygen -t rsa

You will be asked for a passphrase which you will be asked to enter the first time you run any ssh command after each login. This means that for multiple ssh or scp commands, you will only have to enter it once (not once per host, once per login session). Nevertheless, you can leave it empty to have completely passwordless access.
Once you have generated your public key, copy it over to the remote computers:

ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub noob@host1
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub noob@host2

If you need to do this for many hosts, make a file of the hostnames or IPs (one per line) and run copy them all using a shell loop:

while read ip; do
     ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub noob@$ip
done < IPlistfile.txt

You will have to manually enter the password for each IP for this step, but once you've done that, you should be able to launch your jobs with no password being requested.

If that doesn't work, we will need more details on how exactly this program connects to the remote hosts.


I fixed it. I am not sure why its fixed but it works now. I had to go to Disks > Edit Mount Options > turn on Automatic Mount Options


Windows crashed and i cant boot into windows recovery disk or installer. pc boots into ubuntu. i can access windows partition from ubuntu

You need to rebuild your Boot configuration data(BCD).
Pay Attention! if you do this grub will be deleted and you can not reach ubuntu anymore.
When you decide what you wanna do;
Boot your pc with Windows Install disc or usb
Hit the 'Repair Computer'
System Recovery Window will appear
Select your os then click next
Select Command prompt then type the codes below
BootRec.exe /fixmbr
chkdsk /r
BootRec.exe /FixBoot
BootRec.exe /ScanOs
BootRec.exe /RebuildBcd


Ubuntu Hangcheck timer elapsed... GPU hung

It was something to do with this Intel graphics problem. so I ran these commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Which prompted for a bunch of updates, prayer was part of the strategy:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  linux-headers-3.8.0-35 linux-headers-3.8.0-35-generic linux-image-3.8.0-35-generic
  linux-signed-image-3.8.0-35-generic
  The following packages will be upgraded:
  accountsservice apt apt-transport-https apt-utils avahi-autoipd avahi-daemon avahi-utils chromium-browser
  chromium-browser-l10n chromium-codecs-ffmpeg efibootmgr firefox firefox-locale-en fonts-opensymbol
  gnome-control-center gnome-control-center-data gnome-desktop3-data gnupg gpgv grub-common grub-efi
  grub-efi-amd64 grub-efi-amd64-bin grub2-common landscape-client-ui-install libaccountsservice0 libapt-inst1.4
  libapt-pkg4.12 libavahi-client3 libavahi-client3:i386 libavahi-common-data libavahi-common-data:i386
  libavahi-common3 libavahi-common3:i386 libavahi-core7 libavahi-glib1 libavahi-gobject0 libavahi-ui-gtk3-0
  libcurl3 libcurl3:i386 libcurl3-gnutls libcurl3-nss libdjvulibre-text libdjvulibre21 libgnome-control-center1
  libgnome-desktop-3-2 libjpeg-turbo-progs libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg-turbo8:i386 libnss3 libnss3:i386 libnss3-1d
  libpixman-1-0 libpixman-1-0:i386 libpq5 libqt4-dbus libqt4-dbus:i386 libqt4-declarative libqt4-declarative:i386
  libqt4-designer libqt4-designer:i386 libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-network:i386 libqt4-opengl
  libqt4-opengl:i386 libqt4-qt3support libqt4-qt3support:i386 libqt4-script libqt4-script:i386 libqt4-scripttools
  libqt4-scripttools:i386 libqt4-sql libqt4-sql:i386 libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-sql-mysql:i386 libqt4-sql-sqlite
  libqt4-svg libqt4-svg:i386 libqt4-test libqt4-test:i386 libqt4-xml libqt4-xml:i386 libqt4-xmlpatterns
  libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386 libqtcore4 libqtcore4:i386 libqtgui4 libqtgui4:i386 libreoffice-base-core
  libreoffice-calc libreoffice-common libreoffice-core libreoffice-draw libreoffice-emailmerge libreoffice-gnome
  libreoffice-gtk libreoffice-help-en-us libreoffice-impress libreoffice-math libreoffice-style-human
  libreoffice-style-tango libreoffice-writer libruby1.8 libsmbclient libwbclient0 linux-firmware
  linux-generic-lts-raring linux-headers-generic-lts-raring linux-image-generic-lts-raring linux-libc-dev
  linux-signed-generic-lts-raring linux-signed-image-generic-lts-raring php5 plasma-widget-networkmanagement
  python-uno qdbus rsyslog ruby1.8 samba-common samba-common-bin smbclient software-center thunderbird
  thunderbird-gnome-support thunderbird-locale-en thunderbird-locale-en-us uno-libs3 ure
129 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 354 MB of archives.
After this operation, 257 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]?

I did these updates and rebooted.  And now the problem is fixed.


To fix this:
All you have to do is change from UEFI to legacy.


Ubuntu seems to not work with Lenovo Y700 even in Legacy Mode

I finally figured it out. This is all done with Bios is Legacy mode, secure boot turned off, and Legacy 1st in boot order.

Win 7 Usb installer to create a no UEFI install( others like Rufus and unetbootin create UFEI ones.
microsoft.com/en-us/download/windows-usb-dvd-download-tool

Reinstall Win 8.1 and during the install delete all partitions

Shrink the Windows HD ( use disk manger or other software)

Run unetbootin Frugal install on Win 8.1 and install Ubuntu 16.04 to your internal HD (not to a USB)
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1801434
https://sourceforge.net/p/unetbootin/wiki/installmodes/

Reboot and wait for Bootloader to show up and slect Unetbootin

Install Ubuntu or Live CD

Reboot into into Win 8.1 and uninstall unetbootin
I don't know why usb installs for Linux are not working, but for windows it is. But unetbootin frugal isntall really helped


update pci.ids file to check for CUDA compatibility

Sorry late, but I just found this when I was struggling myself. Must be super user for that,

sudo update-pciids


The major difference is in the treatment of numbers that are in scientific notation. From info sort, when using the -n (numeric) sort

 Neither a leading `+' nor exponential notation is recognized.  To
 compare such strings numerically, use the `--general-numeric-sort'
 (`-g') option.

So, for example, given

$ cat file
+1.23e-1
1.23e-2
1.23e-3
1.23e4
1.23e+5
-1.23e6

then

$ sort -n file
-1.23e6
+1.23e-1
1.23e-2
1.23e-3
1.23e4
1.23e+5

whereas

$ sort -g file
-1.23e6
1.23e-3
1.23e-2
+1.23e-1
1.23e4
1.23e+5


Installed Ubuntu with Wubi on Windows 7. When I'm booting up the computer, my keyboard won't respond and I can't switch to Ubuntu

Try a ps/2 keyboard, or a simple keyboard usb.


Unity keeps crashing back into login screen

Uninstall the NVIDIA drivers and reinstall them in a different way.

Step 1 : Uninstall the NVIDIA drivers

Highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and  press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line.
Press the F10 key to boot into the Ubuntu system.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1.
Enter user name and password - execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Step 2 : Reinstall the NVIDIA drivers

Highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and  press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line.
Press the F10 key to boot into the Ubuntu system.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1.
Enter user name and password - execute :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352
sudo reboot

In case the problem still occurs, install the latest official drivers.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-358
sudo reboot


I can only guess.  Maybe you have a a surround sound card, like 5.1 surround, and the mixer is not controlling all the volumes.  It's happened to me.  On the mixer, click on where it says "Sound Card: Playback: Builtin etc." and see if another sound card is offered.
   If that not work, try click on "Select Control" and see if you can add controls for channels that you are missing.


Unable to Integrate Facebook in Ubuntu 12.10

This is a known bug. Best to join launchpad (if you haven't already) and add your tick to this issue...

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/signon-ui/+bug/1120737

At this point there appears to be no work around for this. I've temporarily overcome this by downloading Pidgin from the software centre and use that.

Hope that helps...


How to list the ipaddress of hosts in a network?

I would use nmap to scan for all hosts:

$ nmap -sP 10.xxx.xxx.0/24

, where 10.xxx.xxx.0/24 is a subnet mask, which in your case will be around 20-22, or nbtscan for NetBIOS hosts:

$ nbtscan 10.xxx.xxx.0/24


Cannot login to phpmyadmin with root, there is two root users and can login to mysql without password

Solution 1

As said in the tutorial, you have to create a user named phpmyadmin to access the website.

Solution 2

It doesn't ask you for your password since sudo means you are executing mysql as root, thus removing the need for a password.

Solution 3

If there is no data in the database, you can remove the % one I believe, since the important one is 'root'@'localhost'


I tried my best but I failed at assigning Alt +S to send the messages. But, what I did manage to do is to get Ctrl + S to send the message. Hope that is enough of a compromise.

Before you edit, please ensure that you have closed all the current instances of Pidgin.

cd .purple/
nano gtkrc-2.0

Paste the following content in it:

binding "my-bindings"
{
    bind "<ctrl>s" { "message_send" () }
}
widget "*pidgin_conv_entry" binding "my-bindings"

After pasting it, save the file. If you are not sure how to use Nano, follow this question:

How to edit files in a terminal with nano?

Now, Ctrl + S will send the messages in Pidgin.

Reference:

How do I make Enter make a newline and Ctrl+Enter send?


Install LSP plugins with .ttl extension in Ubuntu

There exist different types of LSP-plugins:

VST-plugins with the .so-extension are located in /usr/lib/vst/ and it's subfolders.

LV2-plugins with the .lv2-extension are located in /usr/lib/lv2

LV2-plugins with the .ttl-extension are located in /usr/lib/lv2/lsp-plugins.lv2/.

Since you downloaded a LV2-plugin with the .ttl-extension, just copy it to /usr/lib/lv2/lsp-plugins.lv2/, you'll need root-privileges to do so though.


How to get folder windows to display address bars

Very good solution. Bad community response. Very unhelpful to new members who want to get their reputation up.


Why is there no proper PPA for automatic mainline kernel updates?

I don't think most users would want their kernel upgraded every Sunday night. For myself I just upgrade if the new version corrects a specific glitch or adds a specific function I can benefit.

The link I will be using later today is http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7.2/


Ubuntu terminal not waiting for Console.ReadKey() input

You need to install mono-complete instead of Mono development tools (mono-devel) package if you want to run software for Mono or Microsoft .NET which you are not installing from a Debian package.

Install mono-complete
 sudo apt-get install mono-complete

Save your C# code in a file called hello.cs.

Make hello.cs executable. Right-click the hello.cs file -> select Properties -> Permissions tab -> put a check mark to the left of Allow executing file as program.

Change directories using the cd command to the directory that contains the hello.cs file.

Use the mcs compiler and create a Windows executable named hello.exe from the source hello.cs.
 mcs -out:hello.exe hello.cs

Run the hello.exe program with mono.
 mono hello.exe

The results of running your program in step 6. should be:
 Hello World!

Press Enter to exit back to a default terminal prompt.

Run C# program in MonoDevelop

Install MonoDevelop
 sudo apt-get install monodevelop # 17.10 and earlier

Open MonoDevelop application.

Create a new project. Select File -> New -> Solution -> .NET -> Console Project -> check the dropdown menu next to Console Project to make sure that C# is selected -> click the Next button  -> select a name and directory location for your project -> click the Create button.

In the left pane select Program.cs. Copy your C# code into Program.cs.

Select Build -> Build All.

Click the Run arrow ▶ in the upper left corner of MonoDevelop to run the program.


in Ubuntu 18.04, how to resize windows by keyboard shortcuts?

You can achieve this in Ubuntu 18.04 using the GNOME extension Put Windows.

Version 16.04 uses the Unity desktop and works in a different way.

If you are uncertain as to how to install GNOME extensions you can refer to this easy to follow guide

When in use, left Win + 7,9,5,1,3 keys on the number pad will move the window to top left, top right, center, bottom left, bottom right respectively.


How to increase the disk space of a VMware virtual disk?

As it says, you need to increase the partition. Resizing the virtual disk, just changes how big partitions can be. You can't resize an active filesystem so the easiest way to do this is:

Boot the VM to a LiveCD ISO of Ubuntu (what you installed from should do but a later/earlier ISO will work too)
When asked click Try Ubuntu
Load gparted aka Gnome Partition Editor. I think it's installed on every CD but you might have to grab it from the Software Centre.
Find your disk, right click it and go through the resize wizard.
Restart the VM without the LiveCD and you should have more free space.