Ubuntu 12.10 triple monitors... so close!

I could do it. I have an onboard ATI card (HD 3200) and a Nvidia PCI-E card (8600GT). I output two monitors from the Nvidia card (DVI->VGA) and one from the onboard.

The performance is not so good. Sometimes I had crashes when (accidentaly) moving videos from one of the Nvidia screens to the ATI one. Also, glxgears doesn't output anything in the ATI monitor. But for the basic standard desktop stuff it works great.

Here's my xorg.conf file, I hope it's useful for you.

Section "ServerLayout"
    Identifier     "Layout0"
    Screen      0  "Screen0" 1360 0
    Screen      1  "Screen2" LeftOf "Screen0"
    Screen      2  "Screen1" RightOf "Screen0"
    InputDevice    "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard"
    InputDevice    "Mouse0" "CorePointer"
    Option         "Xinerama" "1"
EndSection

Section "Module"
    Load           "glx"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
    Identifier     "Mouse0"
    Driver         "mouse"
    Option         "Protocol" "auto"
    Option         "Device" "/dev/psaux"
    Option         "Emulate3Buttons" "no"
    Option         "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
EndSection

Section "InputDevice"
    # generated from default
    Identifier     "Keyboard0"
    Driver         "kbd"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier     "Monitor0"
    VendorName     "Unknown"
    ModelName      "Samsung SyncMaster"
    HorizSync       30.0 - 61.0
    VertRefresh     56.0 - 75.0
    Option         "DPMS"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier     "Monitor1"
    VendorName     "Unknown"
    ModelName      "Philips"
    HorizSync       14.0 - 70.0
    VertRefresh     56.0 - 85.0
    Option         "DPMS"
    # HorizSync source: edid, VertRefresh source: edid
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier     "Monitor2"
    VendorName     "Unknown"
    ModelName      "LG Flatron L177WS"
    HorizSync       31.5 - 50.0
    VertRefresh     40.0 - 90.0
    Option         "DPMS"
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier     "Device0"
    Driver         "nvidia"
    VendorName     "NVIDIA Corporation"
    BoardName      "GeForce 8600 GT"
    BusID          "PCI:02:00:00"
    Screen          0
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier     "Device1"
    Driver         "nvidia"
    VendorName     "NVIDIA Corporation"
    BoardName      "GeForce 8600 GT"
    BusID          "PCI:02:00:00"
    Screen          1
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier     "Device2"
    Driver         "radeon"
    VendorName     "ATI"
    BoardName      "ATI Radeon HD3200"
    BusID          "PCI:01:05:00"
    Screen          0
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier     "Screen0"
    Device         "Device0"
    Monitor        "Monitor0"
    DefaultDepth    24
    Option         "TwinView" "0"
    Option         "metamodes" "CRT-1: 1360x768_60 +0+0; CRT-1: 1360x768 +0+0"
    SubSection     "Display"
        Depth       24
    EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier     "Screen1"
    Device         "Device1"
    Monitor        "Monitor1"
    DefaultDepth    24
    Option         "TwinView" "0"
    Option         "metamodes" "CRT-0: nvidia-auto-select +0+0"
    SubSection     "Display"
        Depth       24
    EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier     "Screen2"
    Device         "Device2"
    Monitor        "Monitor2"
    DefaultDepth    24
    SubSection     "Display"
        Modes       "1280x640"
        Depth       24
    EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "Extensions"
    Option         "Composite" "Disable"
EndSection


MAAS on Openstack Autopilot not importing images

I found the solution, after sudo apt-get update, rebooting, and a long wait, it started to work, importing the images.


Ubuntu 20.04 crashes after suspend and log files

Did you submit it to the software team? That is probably the only thing you can do. You could post your log here, but I don't think anyone will know how to read it either. I hope you fix your problem.


What is the difference between Eject and Safely Remove Device

umount removes the device from the file system (mount point).

Eject and Safely remove both do basically the same thing on a flash drive.

sync the data , then un-mount (remove the drive from the file system).

In addition, eject would eject the media (think CD/DVD).

It is sort of a bug that both these options show with flash drives.

The expected behavior would be

Safely Remove - USB/Flash drive - sync data && unmount ; user then physically removes the drive

Eject - CDROM/DVD - unmount && eject physical media


wget not properly downloading file to directory location

There are a couple of issues. First, /2011 is a directory under /, not under your current directory. To download to the subdirectory 2011, use ./2011/ or just 2011/.

The next issue is that you're specifying an output file. Since you do that, and the file name you give has no path information (it is therefore assumed to mean "here"), the -P is ignored. What you're looking for is:

wget -O 2011/20111230.tar.gz http://water.weather.gov/precip/p_download_new/2011/12/30/nws_precip_1day_observed_shape_20111230.tar.gz


How to hide users from the GDM login screen?

For newer GDM 3.X, old answers don't work, except for this one
The greeter setting in custom.conf is obsolete, i.e. it won't work anymore. One easy workaround if you want to avoid changing the uid of the user:

Open the terminal, and enter (replace user with the username you want to hide from the login screen):

sudo nano /var/lib/AccountsService/users/user

Add the following to the file:

[User]
Language=
XSession=gnome
SystemAccount=true

Switch user or log out to test if user is not listed anymore.


UPDATE
The gwibber version with fixed Twitter OAuth is now in lucid-updates Running your update manager via either: System -> Administration -> Update Manager , (or sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade) should trigger the update process.

The easiest way to grab the latest version of Gwibber is to add the ubuntu-desktop PPA (which includes the latest updates for desktop software, including Gwibber)
From command line:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-desktop/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

If you don't want the whole ubuntu-desktop ppa (which you may not - though it can be quite helpful to avoid issues of this nature in the future) you can simply add the Gwibber Daily PPA which will only provide the updates for Gwibber
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gwibber-daily/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

After the upgrade you will need to restart Gwibber:
gwibber-service restart

If that method does not work open the Gwibber interface then choose Gwibber->Quit and Launch it again either from the Message Indicator Applet or via Applications->Internet->Gwibber Social Client
Once Gwibber has restarted you will need to authenticate your Twitter account. Open the client and navigate to Edit->Accounts then click Authorize on your Twitter account in order to complete the process.
The Oauthcalypse caught me off guard too - even though I was watching the Countdown to OAuthcalypse I failed to relate that to Gwibber


Is it possible to upgrade SSH 5.9 to SSH 7.2 under 12.04?

No. 12.04 is OEL by the end of April. You should update.

  12.04 is running SSH 5.9; 16.04 SSH 7.2. Is this the problem? I

Can be. Post the debug log and any errors you are getting from that connection. It can help to resolve the problems.


How can I set Beatbox as default music player?

Click on Applications --> System Tools --> system settings, once it opens

Click on Details, and then Default Applications, and choose BeatBox from the music menu.

Here is how I got beatbox to be the default.  I just installed BeatBox with this command:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:sgringwe/beatbox
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install beatbox

I opened Ubuntu Tweaks, and clicked on File Type Manager,

and changed all the Audio to BeatBox instead of Rhythmbox.


NS-2.31 Make fail while adding a transport layer protocol

Your "error output" shows warnings, no errors.

Depending on the object order in the Makefile.in, I get two different errors. The readable results are here, dtsncc_14.Jul.2016_errors.txt https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7S255p3kFXNZFlraEZXQWdCaGM/view?usp=sharing

fixrt/fixrt.cc:850: error: ‘HDR_NDTSN’ was not declared in this scope

Edit 01 : I created a patch with all the changes, including ns231_gcc44.patch,  ns2measure-2.31-070909.patch : dtsncc-all_ns231-01.patch https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7S255p3kFXNZzdzNGFBQXBTcW8/view?usp=sharing

Please try with the Ubuntu g++-4.4 compiler: export CXX=g++-4.4 && ./configure && make

.... The patch ns231_gcc44.patch https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7S255p3kFXNUy1ldnhCeUlEUHc/view?usp=sharing

EDIT 2 : The error output with Ubuntu 14.04 - 64 → https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7S255p3kFXNdmRiVGFsSlBBYnM/view?usp=sharing

EDIT 3, 26Jul : Got your "ns-2.31dtsncc". Replaced the header dtsncc/dtsncc.h with this https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7S255p3kFXNMUpGUWx2STF0M0k/view?usp=sharing , and got some further with 'make'. Which leaves us with this error :
wnd_' was not declared in this scope →

ndtsn/ndtsn.cc: In constructor `NDtsnAgent::NDtsnAgent()':
ndtsn/ndtsn.cc:48: error: `wnd_' was not declared in this scope
ndtsn/ndtsn.cc: In member function `char* NDtsnAgent::get_bitmap_string(int*)':
.
ndtsn/ndtsn.cc: In member function `virtual int NDtsnAgent::window()':
ndtsn/ndtsn.cc:573: error: `wnd_' was not declared in this scope
ndtsn/ndtsn.cc: In member function `virtual double NDtsnAgent::windowd()':
ndtsn/ndtsn.cc:578: error: `wnd_' was not declared in this scope


Is it possible to switch off The AMD ATI Radeon HD 7670M on the HP Envy 6?

Sorry, but according to the research I have done (as I have the same issue), the way the GPU was designed means it cannot be turned off. The only time it is 'off' is when the GPU determines that it is not needed e.g Your web browsing and not playing games,


In case anybody else stumbles on this, the logs are in /var/log/syslog. In my case, the GS Connect gnome extension was the cause of the problem. After disabling it, my laptop now suspends and resumes consistently.


Ethernet connection Issues on Ubuntu 16.04

You need to install the r8168-dkms using Synaptic.

Start Synaptic from the dash.
Click the Reload icon.
Type r8168-dkms into the searchbox.
Only 1 item will be displayed in the results box, below.
Mark it for Install.
Click the Apply icon  to install it.
Reboot the computer.

Keep us posted. Cheers, Al


install canon printer Pixma G2000 in Ubuntu 16.04

I don't know. Still a newbie. But I got my canon Pixma mg3051 to work by using USB and installing the Pixma 2900 driver and by changing its name to 3051. Plug the printer in via USB and add printer. If your printer is not on the list like mine I went for the model closest to mine then when the details came on screen just changed name. It worked for me.


Cannot boot after BIOS / UEFI reset to defaults

A BIOS reset, voluntary or through an update will wipe the EFI boot entries more often than not.

To restore the boot entry one has to use a recovery disc and reinstall grub-efi or grub-efi-amd64. The entry can also be added manually.

This question shows a couple of ways to fix it: https://superuser.com/questions/376470/how-to-reinstall-grub2-efi.


How to verify the microSD size advertised by the manufacturer?

f3 is a great tool for testing if your SD card is a fake or not. It comes with two handy command-line tools: f3write and f3read. The package is just named f3 on GNU/Linux distributions, so dnf -y install f3 or apt-get install f3 to get it.
Source:
https://linuxreviews.org/HOWTO_test_SD_cards_and_identify_fake_ones_(mostly_sold_on_ebay)
HowTo:
Just run from terminal:
f3write /media/username/yoursdcard
Output might look like this:
F3 write 7.2
Copyright (C) 2010 Digirati Internet LTDA.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.
Free space: 29.24 GB
Creating file 1.h2w ... OK!
Creating file 2.h2w ... 3.62% -- 5.98 MB/s -- 1:29:38
It will fill your sdcard with testfiles to see how much fits on it. Afterwards you run:
f3read /media/username/yoursdcard
to see if the sdcard is faulty/corrupt/wrong size ...


extract gnome gconf settings from external partition

If I understand the question you want to copy settings from old system to the new one. In my backup scripts I just copy ~/.gconf directory which store all the settings configurable with gconf-editor. That works for me.

There are other directories for settings of your GNOME desktop environment which you may want to copy:

~/.config - contains config files for applications (default location for the environment variable XDG_CONFIG_HOME).
~/.gnome2 - user-specific application data that is not stored in the GConf repository.
~/.local/share - default location for the environment variable XDG_DATA_HOME.
~/.fonts - fonts that you installed.
~/.nautilus - contains file manager data that is specific to the user. For example, this directory can contain the following:

Metadata for the directories with which the user works.
Nautilus emblems that the user adds.
Nautilus desktop images.

~/.themes - contains your (not system-wide) themes


Will upgrading preserve my partition table and not format all directories containing custom files?

The upgrade procedure won't format any partitions.

But it will replace old packages with new ones. You may be asked if you want to preserve old files or replace them.

If you have a lot of customization and non-standard software, there is a great chance that the upgrade won't be smooth; especially the path from 16.04 to 18.04, because of the drastic change in desktop environment from unity to gnome, and lightdm to gdm.

For example, I could never successfully do such an upgrade on my main computer.

Hence, in your case it is highly recommended to do a backup and then do a fresh install of Ubuntu 18.04. Then do your customizations and install all software from scratch.

I know this is a lot of work. That's why I am still using 16.04.

Another way is to do a backup, try to upgrade and see what happens.

Literally answering your question: The partition table will be preserved. There is no such term as "formatting" of directories. If you mean will they be cleared, the answer is negative.


Failed to download repository information (related topics did not seem to answer my question)

The error you are getting is 404 HTML not Found.
In order to solve this.

Try using a different Mirror:

Click on Download From.
Click on Download From.
Then Choose Other Location
Then choose Choose Best Server
it will scan and find the best servers closest to you.

If you want to do this manually you will need to look in:

/etc/apt/sources.list
 /etc/apt/sources.list.d

in sources.list.d there are individual files for each of the sets of external sources. Instead of everything in one sources.list file.

you could do a grep to find the offending line in /etc/apt:

grep -Hrin "http://archive.ubuntu.com/dists/pangolin/main/binary-i386/Packages" /etc/apt

grep -Hrin "http://archive.ubuntu.com/dists/pangolin/universe/binary-i386/Packages" /etc/apt


No EDID whatsoever, how can I force output?

This is something that those of us that have picked up the Korean 1440p monitors and have Geforce cards (along with the propriety driver, using the open source driver can usually work) have run into. So we have actually a couple of questions here.

Does the TV REALLY have no EDID or is it just the Geforce not able to pick it up?
How do we recreate an EDID?

The answer to the first would really help us with the second, because we can pull the EDID via the HDMI from another means.

So, does xrandr –prop return anything useful? get-edid won't be of use to you unfortunately because Nvidia. If it does, you can paste that into a hex editor, call it tv-edid.bin and add a reference to it in your xorg.conf such as

Option “CustomEDID” “DFP:/etc/X11/tv-edid.bin”

You can also put it through parse-edid < tv-edid.bin. The chances are that there is some sort of EDID otherwise all sorts of things wouldn't work, such as blu-ray players, amps and receivers.

I've been able to get a few screens that Geforces have refused to work on going with this method.

For reference


It can be done completely without a keyboard (only mouse).

Open Dash, click on the applications icon (at the bottom of Dash)

The first row shows most recent, below are installed applications
Click on "See more results" to see all installed applications
Scroll up/down to see them all

Too many? Filter the applications by category; in the right top: Filter Results


If by desktop you mean the main screen, it's always bare. Open the menu and you should see your software. If that's not what you mean please clarify it a bit...


Flash player for Chrome or Chromium browsers on Ubuntu 12.04

Pepper Flash Player is built-in with Google Chrome web browser, so it doesn't need to be installed separately. Google Chrome can play flash videos without installing any other software. Pepper Flash Player is not built-in with Chromium web browser, so it must be installed separately. Pepper Flash Player in Chromium is the same as the built-in flash player that Google Chrome uses.

To install Pepper Flash Player for Chromium in Ubuntu 12.04, open the terminal and type:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:skunk/pepper-flash
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pepflashplugin-installer

In order to configure Chromium to use Pepper Flash Player, open /etc/chromium-browser/default from the terminal in nano text editor using the command sudo nano /etc/chromium-browser/default and add the following line to the end of the file on a new line:

. /usr/lib/pepflashplugin-installer/pepflashplayer.sh

Press the keyboard combination Ctrl+O and after that press Enter to save the file being edited. Press the keyboard combination Ctrl+X to exit nano.

Restart Chromium, and load the chrome://plugins page to verify that the plugin is active.


Your Ubuntu 12.04 is running in 2D mode. Many features will not be available.(Ubuntu 12.04)

Okay, now I have faced this exact same problem myself and solved this a few days previously. My previous answer was in accordance with the standard procedure for troubles regarding logging in to Unity-3D

Apparently, the official drivers that are tested by Ubuntu are not being detected and are in effect worthless.

Here is the solution I found to the issue (quoting from another site) :

http://nerdysermons.blogspot.in/2011/11/solve-graphic-driver-errors-unity-3d.html

  There are 3 suggested methods that are given in this post. I have
  tried all three and the third was the one that worked for me.(That is
  the option where you install the open source drivers removing all the
  existing drivers). The second option actually caused my system to hang
  after the Ubuntu splash screen.

  The procedure given in the above site, for simplicity's sake, and for
  your ease can be summarised as follows:

  Prior to taking any of the above approach, run this command to install dependencies :

  sudo apt-get install build-essential cdbs fakeroot dh-make debhelper debconf
  Install Open source Graphic Drivers (Recommended) The below command will remove all traces of Ubuntu's default fglrx drivers (if
  installed).

  sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx fglrx_* fglrx-amdcccle* fglrx-dev*
  Remove the existing xorg.conf

  sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf
  Reinstall the xorg.conf

  sudo apt-get install --reinstall xserver-xorg-core libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:amd64
  libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64
  Configure xorg

  sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg
  Reboot the system

  sudo reboot

This worked for me just fine. Hope it works for you too.


trackpad working using 17.10
didn't work at first until fixed wifi then
in terminal
ran sudo apt-get update.
sudo apt-get upgrade
prompted to install updates from software center
then restart. Works fine.


First of all, are you using a linux operating system with LXDE desktop on its own or are you using Lubuntu, which is a version of Ubuntu with LXDE desktop? The latest seems a more simpler choice for users who come from Windows, but Lubuntu 14.04.1 has already been released.

I am not an expert, but if the method in the link of the first reply did not work, it might be a screen resolution problem and the most voted answer in this topic might solve the problem:
How do I safely change grub2 screen resolution?

You should be aware that a system called Grub is loaded before Linux and then you can prevent Linux from being loaded in order to change its loading way.

And you can also open a text terminal when Linux has finished loading. In a terminal you can run command to change the screen resolution and edit files to vary the default screen resolution. Press and hold Ctrl+Alt+F1 to open to a text terminal and Ctrl+Alt+F7 to go back to the usual graphic terminal.

That most voted answer describe how to change the screen resolution before Linux starts being loaded and a reply by @user01 to this most voted tells how to do the same after Linux has finished loading.

Anyway I do not know if this can be a screen resolution problem, but I wanted to note the information about terminals and grub and suggest this other option.

You can download Lubuntu 14.04.1 from www.lubuntu.net.

Goodbye


How do I quickly encrypt a file with AES?

Unfortunately, there is no easy solution to securing your stuff. Think about your use-case, maybe something other than plain AES is better suited.

Use a password manager like Keyring for passwords
Encrypt your home directory (very easy to do with the Ubuntu installer)
Use GPG if you want to communicate securely via email
OTR with Pidgin if you want secure instant messaging
Use Cryptocat for secure chat

If you want very simple platform independent encryption, you can use openssl.

Please note: You can use this to hide birthday-gift-ideas.txt from your roommate, but don't expect it to be secure against a determined attacker!

As was pointed out in the comments, this method uses a naive key derivation function, so your password needs to be superlatively good in order for you to have a chance of being secure.
Additionally, this method doesn't authenticate the ciphertext, which means an attacker can modify or corrupt the contents without you noticing.
For many types of security, encryption is simply not enough (e.g. you can't just use encryption to communicate securely)

If you still want to use openssl:

Encryption:

openssl aes-256-cbc -in attack-plan.txt -out message.enc
Decryption:

openssl aes-256-cbc -d -in message.enc -out plain-text.txt

You can get openssl to base64-encode the message by using the -a switch on both encryption and decryption. This way, you can paste the ciphertext in an email message, for example. It'll look like this:

stefano:~$ openssl aes-256-cbc -in attack-plan.txt -a
enter aes-256-cbc encryption password:
Verifying - enter aes-256-cbc encryption password:
U2FsdGVkX192dXI7yHGs/4Ed+xEC3ejXFINKO6Hufnc=

Note that you have a choice of ciphers and modes of operation. For normal use, I recommend aes 256 in CBC mode. These are the ciphers modes you have available (only counting AES):

aes-128-cbc ← this is okay
aes-128-ecb
aes-192-cbc
aes-192-ecb
aes-256-cbc ← this is recommended
aes-256-ecb

See also:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric-key_algorithm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_modes_of_operation

Please note:

OpenSSL will ask you for a password. This is not an encryption key, it is not limited to 32 bytes! If you're going to transfer files with someone else, your shared secret should be very strong. You can use this site to get a sense of how good your password is:

https://www.grc.com/haystack.htm (this doesn't take into account any dictionary attacks!)
http://howsecureismypassword.net (this at least check for common passwords)

Warning: I have checked that these sites don't send your password to the server, but that can change at any time. Use these sites with dev tools / inspector and check if they send anything before typing in your strong password.


How do I Install Macaulay2 in Ubuntu 12.10?

The instructions at the official site are a little verbose  and hard to follow, so here's how I got Macaulay2 installed.

Note: It is probably best to reverse anything that you have already done and remove anything related to macaulay2, so that the method below will be successful and without errors.

The easiest thing is to put the Macaulay repository in a separate list file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/. This is what I do with all external, non-Ubuntu repositories.

1) Create and open the list with

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/Macaulay2.list

2) Now paste into that file the following (For future readers: substitute quantal for your Ubuntu version):

deb http://www.math.uiuc.edu/Macaulay2/Repositories/ubuntu quantal main

Save the file with Ctrl+O and exit with Ctrl+X.

3) Add the repository key with

wget -q http://www.math.uiuc.edu/Macaulay2/PublicKeys/Macaulay2-key -O - | sudo apt-key add -

4) Update your repository lists with

sudo apt-get update

5) As the official page mentions, you may need to install liblapack3gf as well before you install macaulay2:

sudo apt-get install liblapack3gf

6) In addition, you may need libntl-5.4.2 if you are running Quantal (12.10) or later as it is no longer in that repository. I already had it installed, but you should be ok to install it from the Precise repos as listed above, but just choose the right architecture and use

sudo dpkg -i file.deb

There are no dependencies to cause any concerns in this case. Other people running 12.10 have noted that this is also necessary.

7) Now install the program with

sudo apt-get install macaulay2

Note: If apt-get keeps failing then download and install the correct files (Macaulay2 and Macaulay2-common) for your architecture manually from the repository and install each with gdebi so any further dependencies can be resolved.

8) The command to launch it is M2 (uppercase M) and the man page can be reached by entering man M2.


Ubuntu boots to command line after kernel error

You are unable to boot off a USB to reinstall the operating system? The error message you are receiving is about the Message of the Day, which wouldn't affect the issue you are having at all.

have you tried running the update through terminal?

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get upgrade


Why has a lot of software disappeared from Ubuntu Software in Ubuntu 16.04?

It might be enough to just wait for a fix to this bug to be released.

In the meantime here is a temporary solution:

Replace & with &amp; in line 265 in /var/cache/app-info/xmls/fwupd.xml as described here.  Reboot.

This solution is temporary because the file reverts to the original 'just &'-containing version after some time.

This is to fix all problems in my question.


Issues installing Ubuntu 12.04 on ASUS A46 CM

I have a similar machine (http://us.acer.com/ac/en/US/content/model/NX.M3AAA.006) on which I successfully booted ubuntu12.04. Below are the steps I did. Hope it helps you too. This machine has UEFI secure booting enabled.

a) Create a USB bootable for 12.04 (64-bit) from ISO in ubuntu website. Follow the steps provided in ubuntu website for creating a UEFI bootable disk.

b) Insert the pendive, enter BIOS and add the UEFI keys into it. Change the boot order to choose the new UEFI key (its grubxxx.efi)

c) Boot to ubuntu on pendrive and then partition the hard-disk as the installer asks.

d) When you reboot to boot to ubuntu on HDD, please enter the BIOS, and perform the same procedure to add the keys from ubuntu partition, and boot order.

e) I half-successfully booted ubuntu 12.04. Half-successfully because the grub isnt stable and cannot dual boot WIN8 and Ubuntu together. I have to change the boot order in BIOS everytime I need to switch OS. I am working to fix that now.

But I hope this helps you.


I think you installed the grub in the wrong partition, you will need to boot from the USB and either use tool like Boot Repair, or reinstall ubuntu again making sure you install grub in the right partition.


I used gnome-session-properties, and added a script which should be executable to startup.
the script is simply:

gnome-terminal -- ~/[PATH TO EXECUTABLE]


Installing libavcodec deb without root access for ffmpeg

An alternative solution is to download a static binary of ffmpeg. It has support for libmp3lame. Just download, extract, and execute. No need for root or superuser.


You have to mark a binary as executable before you can run it. This is just a permission on a file so we use chmod:

chmod +x your_file.run

And then run it:

./your_file.run


Ubuntu 12.04 Lts Cpyrit-Cuda/pyrit/cpyrit-opencl install problems

The error message you got is telling you, that the OpenCL libary could not be found. Probably it isn't installed on your system, for Ubuntu is supposed to put a link to the OpenCL library in the default library folder /usr/lib.

In order to install OpenCL, install the proprietary graphics card drivers for your system. The tool "additional drivers" (program name: jockey) should help you find the appropriate package, but you can also install them manually. If you have an nVidia graphics card, this is probably the package nvidia-current or nvidia-current-updates for even newer versions. If you have an AMD graphics card, install fglrx or fglrx-updates. Do not use the *-experimental packages, for these (at least for AMD) do not include OpenCL functionality.

You might also need to install the opencl-headers package. On nvidia, there's a metapackage avialable, called nvidia-opencl-dev which should install everything needed to start working with OpenCL.

If your are certain that you installed OpenCL, and still don't get it running, find out where your libOpenCL.so file resides. Simply run

locate libOpenCL.so

This should give you a list of files of that name installed on your PC. In my case, there's a link "/usr/lib/libOpenCL.so", pointing towards the file itself, which is "/usr/lib/fglrx/libOpenCL.so". This means that in my case, the folder would be /usr/lib, or /usr/lib/fglrx. Once you know the folder name, you can run your install command again, but with LD_FLAGS set. I don't know how sudo reacts to setting variables, so I'd run an interactive root shell and set LD_FLAGS within:

sudo -i
LD_FLAGS="--library-path=<folder the lib is in>" python setup.py install
exit

If (for some strange reason, for instance if you didn't use Ubuntus graphics driver packages) your OpenCL lib is not installed in a default location (meaning: not in /usr/lib, /usr/local/lib or /lib), and there's also no symlink to it in one of these folders, I'd either put a symlink manually (the dirty, but easy hack), or write a file with the folder the lib is in and put it in /etc/ld.so.conf.d/ (have a look at the other files there to see what I mean and to check if it's not already there) and run "sudo ldconfig", in order for your programs to find it. The folders listed in files in /etc/ld.so.conf.d are a list of directories, that are searched for dynamic libraries by ldconfig, which in turn generates an index that is used by program to search for shared libraries.
Otherwise you might have to set LD_LIBRARY_PATH every time you run your compiled OpenCL application...


Extracting subfolders into a specific folder

You can use this to extract all .rar and .7z files recursively, it will save the output to /directory/to/save :

find . -type f \( -name '*.rar' -o -name '*.7z' \) \
  -exec 7z e -o/directory/to/save {} \;

Run this from the parent directory containing the subdirectories that have the 7z and rar files. Also replace /directory/to/save with the actual path to the directory you want to save the uncompressed files.

7z comes with the p7zip package, you need to install it (if not done already), to get the rar file support you need p7zip-rar too :

sudo apt-get install p7zip-full p7zip-rar

7z has a recursive option (-r) but seems misleading as man 7z says:

-r[-|0]
            Recurse subdirectories (CAUTION: this flag does not do what
you think, avoid using it)


ISO booting with grub2 in Ubuntu on an Apple

You can't boot mac from grub2 using BIOS mode, and linux won't wok well in EFI mode on a MBP. So booting mac from grub2 is not going to work. refit is a good workaround. You can set it to boot linux first in the config file stored in /efi/refit/.

Your menu entry looks fine except grub has no concept of / or /home try something like

  menuentry "Crunchbang" {
        loopback loop (hd0,3)/home/user/Desktop/ISO/crunchbang-10-20120207-i386.iso
        linux (loop)/live/vmlinuz1 options=here
        initrd (loop)/live/initrd1.img

  }

This is not an answer to any of your questions, it is what you wrote.


systemd service startup script worked in 16.04 but throws an error in 18.04

The problem is the use of % in here:

.../Ubuntu%2064-bit/...
#         ^

SystemD uses % as the keyword for various internal format specifiers, and in ExecStart (and brothers) those format specifiers can be used for dynamic replacement of values. As it can't interpret %2 as a proper specifier, you are getting:

Exec format error

You need to escape the % with another %:

.../Ubuntu%%2064-bit/...


Copying specific subfolders with directory structure to a new folder

Use rsync:

rsync -av --exclude="f03" /path/to/Main_Dir/ /pth/to/destination


You could do the folllowing: You could disbale the USB ports until the boot ends and then activate the USB ports: I think you could do this via vim.

cd /etc/default
sudo vim acpi-support
Change the module line the following:
MODULES="usbcore"

I am really not sure if this works and if this has the consequence that your USB ports doesn't work anymore  I will not take that on me. I would recommend this solution only experts who could redo this. Only works if you got usbcore. Some peaople haven't got it.
You should first test if you have got it:

$ ls -l /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/usb/usbcore.o*

Could also work with this folder: /usr/src/linux-your-version/drivers/usb

This could work because: If you start ubuntu your usb devices are of course off but after the boot they should of course be activated like after a suspend. I had this problems ones with an laptop. It would also be very cool if you tell us your exactly laptop model because it could have other reasons.


Log of people/ip's who connected to my machine through remote desktop

Ahh.. Vino does not keep logs :(

Its a bug


How to save terminal history to a file from a bash file?

Short Answer
Run the script with source or .:
source ./script_name.sh

or
. ./script_name.sh

The latter is slightly more compatible across different shells.
Long Answer
This question highlights an important point, which is that shell scripts are run in their own context. To see what this means, consider the following shell script:
#!/bin/bash

cd /
ls

If you run this, you will get an output something like this:
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var

But you will notice that after you run the script, you are still in whatever directory you were in before you ran it: the cd / inside the script hasn't actually affected your session - it only affected the context which the script was running in, which is created for the script to run in, and destroyed once it returns.
The source command will 'read and execute commands from the filename argument in the current shell context', so any commands like cd inside it will affect your current session. If you were to run the script above by passing it to source you would find that you end up inside the root directory after it ran.
In this case, the problem is that the history command gives you the history for the current shell context; the shell context that your script runs in without using source has no history, so it doesn't write anything to the output file. If you use source it will execute in the correct context, and will work as expected.
N.B.: source is a shell built-in, not a program per se - in Bash, source is synonymous with ., but in some shells only . will work - I've used source in this answer because it's easier to read than ., but for maximum compatibility, . should be used.


What is it?

Ubuntu without Unity, it uses GNOME Shell.

  This is a free and open source operating system based on the popular Ubuntu system, but with a pure GNOME interface.  Versions of Ubuntu from 11.10 and on will not ship the classic Gnome interface, opting instead for the Unity interface that is disliked by many. This project is based almost entirely on the regular Ubuntu OS, with just several changes to the interface.

It is an Ubuntu based distribution.

You can get it from their site.

http://ugr.teampr0xy.net/

Download and Install as usual.


In wrapper script
exec is used mainly in wrapper scripts.
If you want to modify the environment for a program before executing the main program, you'd often write an script and at the end of it start the main program. But there is no need for the script to stay in memory at that time. So, exec is used in these cases so that, the main program can replace the mother script.
Here is a practical example of it. It's mate-terminal.wrapper script comes with mate-terminal. It starts the mate-terminal with some extra arguments by checking user's environments.
#!/usr/bin/perl -w

my $login=0;

while ($opt = shift(@ARGV))
{
    if ($opt eq '-display')
    {
        $ENV{'DISPLAY'} = shift(@ARGV);
    }
    elsif ($opt eq '-name')
    {
        $arg = shift(@ARGV);
        push(@args, "--window-with-profile=$arg");
    }
    elsif ($opt eq '-n')
    {
        # Accept but ignore
        print STDERR "$0: to set an icon, please use -name <profile> and set a profile icon\n"
    }
    elsif ($opt eq '-T' || $opt eq '-title')
    {
        push(@args, '-t', shift(@ARGV));
    }
    elsif ($opt eq '-ls')
    {
        $login = 1;
    }
    elsif ($opt eq '+ls')
    {
        $login = 0;
    }
    elsif ($opt eq '-geometry')
    {
        $arg = shift(@ARGV);
        push(@args, "--geometry=$arg");
    }
    elsif ($opt eq '-fn')
    {
        $arg = shift(@ARGV);
        push(@args, "--font=$arg");
    }
    elsif ($opt eq '-fg')
    {
        $arg = shift(@ARGV);
        push(@args, "--foreground=$arg");
    }
    elsif ($opt eq '-bg')
    {
        $arg = shift(@ARGV);
        push(@args, "--background=$arg");
    }
    elsif ($opt eq '-tn')
    {
       $arg = shift(@ARGV);
       push(@args, "--termname=$arg");
    }
    elsif ($opt eq '-e')
    {
        $arg = shift(@ARGV);
        if (@ARGV)
        {
            push(@args, '-x', $arg, @ARGV);
            last;
        }
        else
        {
            push(@args, '-e', $arg);
        }
        last;
    }
    elsif ($opt eq '-h' || $opt eq '--help')
    {
        push(@args, '--help');
    }
}
if ($login == 1)
{
    @args = ('--login', @args);
}
exec('mate-terminal',@args);

The point to notice here is, there is an exec call, which replaces this script in memory.
Here is a similar question answered in Unix & Linux StackExchange Site - https://unix.stackexchange.com/q/270929/19288
To redirect file-descriptors
Another common use of exec is in redirecting file-descriptors. stdin, stdout, stderr can be redirected to files using exec.

Redirecting stdout - exec 1>file will cause the standard output to be a file named file for the end of the current shell session. Anything to output to the display will be in the file.

Redirecting stdin - It can also be used to redirect the stdin to a file. For example, If you want to execute a script file script.sh, you can just redirect the stdin to the file using exec 0<script.sh.


The installation location of GlassFish is /opt/glassfish4 or /opt/glassfish5 depending on the version. Run the following command:

sudo rm -R /opt/glassfish4


Will Compiz in Unity use Emerald as its window decorator?

Unity with Compiz will use the Compiz GTK window decorator, but it should be possible to replace that manually with Emerald if desired.


Banshee: codec for playing this media type not available

I had the same problem, turns out banshee comes with optional dependencies which don't get installed automatically but you can search and install them.

I'm using archlinux so i did pacman -Qi banshee this command queries for information about the package kinda like dpkg-query -s banshee (sorry for archlinux references though) then I saw two optional
dependencies.

Output

Name            : banshee
Version         : 2.6.2-9
Description     : Music management and playback for GNOME
Architecture    : x86_64
URL             : http://banshee.fm/
Licenses        : MIT
Groups          : None
Provides        : None
Depends On      : libxxf86vm  gst-plugins-base-libs  mono-addins  dbus-sharp-glib  webkitgtk2
                  libsoup-gnome  gdata-sharp  taglib-sharp  gudev-sharp  gkeyfile-sharp  gconf-sharp
                  libmtp  libgpod  mono-zeroconf  hicolor-icon-theme  media-player-info  gst-plugins-bad
                  mono-upnp  gst-plugins-good  gvfs
Optional Deps   : gst-plugins-ugly: Extra media codecs [installed]
                  gst-libav: Extra media codecs [installed]
                  brasero: CD burning [installed]
Required By     : None
Optional For    : None
Conflicts With  : None
Replaces        : None
Installed Size  : 14.17 MiB
Packager        : Antonio Rojas <arojas@archlinux.org>
Build Date      : Sun 07 Aug 2016 09:50:47 PM EAT
Install Date    : Fri 30 Sep 2016 06:00:29 PM EAT
Install Reason  : Explicitly installed
Install Script  : No
Validated By    : Signature

Notice the Optional Deps field, with

Optional Deps   : gst-plugins-ugly: Extra media codecs [installed]
                  gst-libav: Extra media codecs [installed]
                  brasero: CD burning [installed]

They are now listed as [installed] but weren't.

So I installed everything listed in Optional Deps field then closed banshee (with all it's child process
that don't close when I click the close button) you can aswell reboot.

Start banshee and everything works!


update.rc-d init.d startup script is not starting

The output of sysv init scripts should end up in /var/log/boot.log. You would want to look in there for any output.


How to turn off the Ubuntu 13.04 window fade effect

You can do so using the Unity Tweak tool.  If you don't have it installed, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

Once installed, search for it in dash, click on it.  Once it comes up, click on Window Manager --> General.  See image below.

Once the new window open up, click on Animation, and choose None under Minimize.  See image below.

Note: You may have to close the applications and open it again for it to work.


There is no need to remove python 2.7.16, you could install both versions side by side.
Then you can choose which one is the default that is executed with python using update-alternatives, as shown here.
You could always run explicitly python3 as mentioned by ICE_Plane, but it would not work with scripts, etc., which invoke python.
Actually, you probably wouldn't want to remove python 2.7.16, see Is it safe to remove Python 2.7.15rc1 from Ubuntu 18.04?


How to pass file as argument for a dockerfile

I've managed to solve this after two minutes of reading in docker's doc.

  The ARG instruction defines a variable that users can pass at build-time to the builder with the docker build command using the --build-arg = flag. If a user specifies a build argument that was not defined in the Dockerfile, the build outputs an error.

So I've used this to build my image

docker build -t myapp/v1 --build-arg package=package_myapp_v1.tar.gz .

Then to get the package inside Dockerfile use ARG instruction:

ARG package
ADD $package ./

The content of $package variable is package_myapp_v1.tar.gz which is passed through the tag package.


The  timeouts  file  is  used  by timeoutd(8) to carry out such kind of limitations on how long a user can be idle or how long a user's session can be valid in each day. You can customize according to your needs. But please have look at this link.


keyboard "acts weird" while playing Diablo 3 Wine

If you're using Ubuntu with the Unity desktop, what might happen when you play is that you press the Alt key. That's the key which by default brings up the Unity HUD. Because of the way Wine and X11 interact, you don't see it but it's there and now it's "stealing" input. That is why pressing Esc cures the problem.

You can rebind that. Install CompizConfig settings manager, click on the Unity Plugin and in the "General" tab, redefine "Key to show HUD when tapped". I bound it to Ctrl+Alt.

You could also bind the functionality of the Alt key in-game to some other key so you don't have to tap it when you want to see what loot there is on the floor.

If you accidentally tap the Windows key, something similar might happen. This is the key which usually invokes Unity Dash (think Windows start menu). It's strange why Blizzard did not add an option to disable the Win key in D3. They have it in SC2.


Is it possible migrate existing programs installed in windows?

For those that are interested I found some workarounds.

Alot of programs will work without installs. Just use playonlinux to install the program you're trying to move and after it sets up the virtual drive you can just move it and make a shortcut to the exe for your program.

For others that are registry specific you can find the reg entries via good and add them yourself. Ive gotten almost all of my programs working now. :D


BootOrder in efibootmgr does not show OS-specific options

Wooo. EFI.

When you initially boot up your computer, enter the BIOS. In there, you want to find the boot order. It's usually called Boot Order or Startup Order.

Once you have found that, move the Ubuntu entry to the top of the list.

Your computer may also have a "Select Boot Device" feature. If it does (and you can access it), you can also select Ubuntu for a one-time boot.


The pgfplots.sty file should be provided by the texlive-pictures package on 14.04

$ cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=14.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=trusty
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 14.04 LTS"
$
$ dpkg -S pgfplots.sty
texlive-pictures: /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/pgfplots/pgfplots.sty
$


The PATH could be set in any of the various files bash reads when it starts. To find them all, run this:

grep --color -H 'PATH=' ~/.bashrc ~/.profile ~/.bash_profile ~/bash.login \
                     ~/.bash_aliases /etc/bash.bashrc /etc/profile \
                     /etc/profile.d/* /etc/environment 2> /dev/null

Those are the standard ones. If you are also sourcing other files from one of those, things can get more complex.

Anyway, to fix it—assuming you haven't done anything to the global files in /etc/—you can run this:

sed -i '/PATH=/d' ~/.bashrc ~/.profile ~/.bash_profile ~/bash.login ~/.bash_aliases

That will delete any lines setting PATH from those files. Now, add the right one in the right place:

pp='PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/home/jgrande/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools:/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/bin/:/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin'
[[ -e '~/.bash_profile' ]] && echo "$pp" >> ~/bash_profile ||
                              echo "$pp" >> ~/.profile

When invoked as a login shell, bash reads .bash_profile if present and, if not, it reads ~/.profile (it will ignore .profile if .bash_login is present but I assume it isn't). So, the commands above will first save your desired path as $pp and then check whether a ~/.bash_profile exists, add the path definition to it if it does and, if it doesn't, it will add it to ~/.profile.

In the future, to avoid this kind of issue, use a function to add directories to your $PATH. Add these lines to your ~/.profile:

pathmunge ()
{
    if ! echo $PATH | /bin/egrep -q "(^|:)$1($|:)"; then
        if [ "$2" = "after" ]; then
            PATH=$PATH:$1;
        else
            PATH=$1:$PATH;
        fi;
    fi
}

Then, to add something to the beginning of your $PATH, add this line to ~/.profile:

pathmunge "/path/to/foo"

And to add it to the end:

pathmunge "/path/to/foo" after

The function will only add a new directory to the $PATH if it isn't already there.


From this question here, the steps are:

Go to /usr/share/xsessions/ as root (you can do this by going into the terminal and type pkexec nautilus and navigate to your directory)
Create a textfile there called Mixxx.desktop or whatever the name is .desktop
Write in

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=mixxx
Name=Mixxx
Comment=Testing

Restart your computer and enjoy :D

If you need to move windows around, you can use Openbox as a window manager. If you do so, you will be able to log out and move windows around. In order to do so, simply replace mixxx with /usr/bin/openbox-session; mixxx. I recommend you to do so, because it's much more stable than no Desktop Environment.

And If you use Openbox and amazed by the empty screen, right click brings the menu to basic items in Openbox. Install obmenu to customize the menu easily.


Lexmark goofed.  You need to run this as root.

Copy the file to your Desktop and open a terminal.
Type cd Desktop Enter to go to the Desktop folder.
Type sudo ./lexm Tab Tab and this should finish the file name for you.  Hit  and then enter your password when prompted.

If this doesn't work, then you probably aren't in the same directory as the file, or you haven't extracted it yet (if you downloaded it as a tarball).


Ubuntu 16.04 Mate - global menu bar is missing

The reason is Compiz. First delete the dconf and reboot. Then open Mate Tweak, switch to compiz - it usually screws up the desktop. Then click the button to revert to compiz default. Then switch back to Marco. Then go to tty1 with Ctrl+Alt+F1 and enter marco --replace or DISPLAY=:0.0 marco --replace reboot and after that you should be able to either keep marco or switch to compiz with the Mate Tweak without issues. Before switching to compiz it is wise to change compiz settings with CCSM, or load a profile. If you try it later with compiz on it is prone to crashing and locking up the desktop again, so you would have to go trough all this again. Also the profile function of compiz is buggy as hell.


How to remove a specific version of Ubuntu?

Boot your main distro

Remove the Lubuntu partition using a tool of your choice, such as Gparted or Disks

Open a terminal

Run sudo update-grub

Done :)


Run sudo apt-get -f install in terminal to resolve unmet dependencies.


I have exactly the same issue with Chromium and Quadro M4000M (ThinkPad P70) on Arch Linux (xmonad, nouveau). So my conclusion is, that there is a bug in chromium that was introduced in the last year. Probably Quadro / M4000 related. It worked before with Nouveau and Nvidia driver.

I am not aware of any solution to fix it, but there are some workarounds:

You can drag and drop the tabs to another browser window and recover them manually.
You can use a browser plugin like OneTab to save and close all affected tabs. Then open a new window and restore all saved tabs (use mouse hover to find the OneTab button).
Disabling hardware acceleration in chrome settings could work, but you will lose some rendering performance.

Check results of chrome://gpu - It reports some issues for my system, not sure if it is related.

Could be related to GL ERROR :GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY : GLES2DecoderImpl::DoBindTexImage2DCHROMIUM: <- error from previous GL command

Update 1: I have created a bug report here:
Issue 893117


Try with this command in the console, run as root:

shutdown -h now

It works for me.


Try following this link. I used it to delete mine.

http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/17903/remove-ubuntu-or-xp-from-the-windows-7-boot-menu/


Transferring files from PC to Ubuntu PC on same network

You first need to share the folders from the Windows machine itself.

How you do that is partially going to depend on whether you're running Windows Home, Windows Pro, or Windows Server.  It's also going to depend on whether you're running XP, Vista or 7, 2003, or 2008.  Once you've got the folder actually SHARED, connecting to it from your Ubuntu PC should be relatively painless.


I had exactly the same problem with 15.10, but with a Canon Pixma MG5250. This is how I came across your question.
Apparently the Cups+Gutenprint driver uses wrong default settings. As is also the case for selecting the rear tray for standard paper.

I corrected this as follows:

In System Settings - Printers, right-click the printer icon and select properties.
In the left pane select Printer Options.
Then change the Color Model from RGB Color into CMYK (or CMY if your printer uses only cyan, magenta and yellow cartridges).

Be aware that the application from which you are printing may also have printer settings that may override the printer driver settings. So also there make sure to change RGB into CMYK.


For everyone that have this problem, is solved by force xorg to load your edid, the way that you can found your monitor edid

it works for me, i hope someone can use it!

hf & gl!


Delete old packages from local repository

Have you tried apt-get clean and apt-get autoclean?

apt-get clean removes everything except lock files from /var/cache/apt/archives/ and /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/. Thus, if you need to reinstall a package APT should retrieve it again.

apt-get autoclean removes only package files that can no longer be downloaded.


recordmydesktop outputs 1920x1072 instead of 1920x1080, which is what my monitor resolution is

It seams it can't be fixed. 1080 is not divisible by 16.

see: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=549262

  RecordMyDesktop enforces both coordinates of the offset of the recorded area
  to be divisible by 2, and of its size to be divisible by 16. These
  restrictions are not documented. According to comments in the code, they
  come from MIT-SHM constraints.


How to fix non working Dropbox icon on Xubuntu 14.04 LTS 64?

Just got this bug on my Xubuntu 15.10, broken icon and no way to open the menu. I think the bug is connected to Dropbox starting to use "indicator area" for their tray icon instead of "notification area" and the sudo-fix just happens to work because of some environment variables are not in use with sudo sessions.

At least for me this problem can be fixed by running:

dropbox stop && DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS="" dropbox start

This seems to move the icon back to "notification area" which fixes both icon and menu. This way the daemon runs as a normal user and not as root.

EDIT: If you create your own startup script for Dropbox based on this fix, remember to disable the default startup script with "dropbox autostart n" command (Thank StockBreak for this one, saved me some time this morning).

EDIT2: ...and for some reason I still had to remove the autostart setting from Dropbox GUI (click icon >> Preferences >> Start Dropbox on system startup). Hope it stays off after this one.

EDIT: To implement this fix in a script that run every time session starts, try this solution: https://askubuntu.com/a/795864/496493


My windows 8.1 is installed through legacy (I can't use UEFI) what are the steps to dual booting with Ubuntu?

Run boot-repair on a live cd/usb: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

If you have not installed ubuntu yet, ubuntu will install eveything that is needed for dual boot when you do that.


How to stop Ubuntu's Recovery Mode from timing out

Step #1

To check the file system on your Ubuntu partition...

boot to the GRUB menu
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
at the # prompt, type sudo fsck -f /
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

If for some reason you can't do the above...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
start gparted and determine which /dev/sdaX is your Ubuntu partition
quit gparted
open a terminal window
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sdaX # replacing X with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

Step #2

To find the cause of your timeout... waiting for device... let's look at...

boot normally, if you can (or do the following from the # root prompt from above)
in terminal (or # prompt), type:

swapon
free -h
sudo blkid
cat /etc/fstab
copy the above output to the clipboard and paste it into your question for review.

Step #3

In reviewing the fstab, we found a problem with the efi partition.

We changed:

# /boot/efi was on /dev/sda2 during installation
UUID=90CE-9CE3  /boot/efi       vfat    umask=0077      0       1

to this:

# /boot/efi was on /dev/sda2 during installation
UUID=90CE-9CE3  /boot/efi       vfat    defaults      0       1


Clock indicator has disappeared and nautilus displays with csd

I can't say for sure, but due to incompatibilities with the system and just bug in itself, upgrading Mesa probably caused the issues. When I previously upgraded Mesa and my graphics drivers it caused total hell on my machine because Ubuntu has been designed to work certain versions, but not the latest so in many cases it messes everything up.

There is a utility called ppa-purge, you may use it in order to downgrade (to the official repository versions) and uninstall all packages from a specific PPA, it can be installed with:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge

Running:

sudo ppa-purge ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/updates

Should fix your issues, make sure to do a restart after it has finished.


How to remove linux from bootable partition?

Boot to ubuntu.
Format your bootable partition with gparted.
In gparted set the bootable flag again to the formatted partition.
Run sudo update-grub to reinstall grub.

Explanation: As there is no mint, grub won't detect the kernel, but it will reinstall itself to mbr with ubuntu kernel.

If you messed up everything and want to correct things. Boot a live cd and install boot-repair

    sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && sudo boot-repair

Boot-Repair


Stuck with install of dual-boot on “remove installation media”

It seems your GRUB isn't installed correctly. Your best shot is to try reinstalling the GRUB bootloader. This should do the trick: https://askubuntu.com/a/126586/767158

If that doesn't work, perhaps you need to turn off secureboot: there should be a setting in you BIOS/UEFI for this.

If that still doesn't work, try turning off fast boot, again in the BIOS/UEFI.

I'm not an expert, but I don't think temperature will affect your boot.

Cheers,
DT


Mount Windows Network Folder with Write Permissions but Without fstab Entry

So you don't mind sudo mount from a terminal, but you want your non-admin user(s) to have RW access?

Do once:

sudo mkdir /media/cifs_temp
chmod a+rwx /media/cifs_temp

then use a slightly modified version of your mount command:

sudo mount -t cifs //192.168.0.2/NAME /media/cifs_temp -o username=USERNAME,password=PASSWORD

and that should do it!


How do I disable the Cinnamon 2 lock screen?

After a bit of searching in dconf-editor (inspired by the other answers and not gconf), I found the schema

org → cinnamon → desktop → lockdown

which contains a key called disable-lock-screen, set that to true (checked) to disable the Cinnamon lock screen.

Command Line
To turn lock screen off:
gsettings set org.cinnamon.desktop.lockdown disable-lock-screen true

To turn back on:
gsettings set org.cinnamon.desktop.lockdown disable-lock-screen false


Unable to Alt+Tab more than once after recent update (Ubuntu Gnome 17.04)

I managed to solve this by:

Booting the Ubuntu Gnome 17.04 Live CD
Mounting my file system (sudo mount /dev/sdaX /mnt)
Copying the extensions from the Live CD file system to my real file system (sudo rsync -a /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/ /mnt/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/)

I am guessing this had something to do with incompatible versions of the extension and gnome-shell but I am not sure.

Edit:

This is a simpler solution:
Since I updated the extension using Google Chrome, the updated version was saved in ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions and the original still existed in /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions, therefore the issue can be solved by simply typing rm -rf ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/alternate-tab@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com/


When will the Catalyst 11.4 driver be available?

You can add extra repository with new driver version (for AMD and NVidia cards):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates

There is new version of AMD Catalsys driver during the build process (at leas at the moment). You can check it on that page:

https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-x-swat/+archive/x-updates/+packages

I am not sure if it is these version - the numbers are different and I don't know the number schema but probably it will be the new version of Catalsysy drivers.


Ubuntu Core serial port on Raspberry PI 2

Indeed, the serial-port slot is meant to be implemented by a gadget snap, by a device manufacturer. Serial ports cannot currently be accessed from strict confinement on Ubuntu Core without a gadget snap exposing them, and cannot be accessed from strict confinement on classic Ubuntu at all.

See this bug as well as this bug for more information. It's my hope that this situation changes soon. Until then, the only way to do this is to create your own gadget exposing the serial devices you need, create your own Ubuntu Core image containing it, and flash that image to the Raspberry Pi.

The official Raspberry Pi 2 gadget can be found here. You can fork it and modify it as necessary.
A tutorial for creating your own image can be found here.

Please do mark those bugs as affecting you if that's the case.


How large a backup can Duplicity handle?

Since the commands are executed in the virtual memory it will be the amount of free virtual memory, so the free RAM and the space on the swap partition(s).
The commands do not neccessarily need the full 700 gigabytes to work, but some commands ( but probably not those used by you ) even create a second working copy on a logical space.


Why minimal installation just removes packages after installation instead of avoid installing in the first place?

Ubuntu install DVD's are of the type "live DVD" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live_CD
A live DVD is a copy of the authors installed OS, compressed to usually a 1.? to 3.? GB  "squashfs file" ( = an OS image ). Thus everything is installed at OS install time by simply uncompressing the squashfs file. Hence the short install time. The installed files are registered as "installed packages" in the apt data base.
If surplus packages for some reasons are installed, they will be removed in the OS install process. ( apt remove [package name] ).


How to create a special log for my ntpdate?

You can try running it like this:

ntpdate 0.asia.pool.ntp.org >> /var/log/ntpdate.log

This way you redirect and append the standard output of ntpdate to the file.


Laptop battery drains faster in Ubuntu 16.04 when compared to other OS

The first thing to do is installing TLP:

sudo apt install tlp tlp-rdw

That will automatically optimize power consumption.

If you want to get more involved you can use Compiz configuration settings manager to reduce visual effects

(Note: You can break your system with this if you dont know what you are doing!)

You can also use PowerTOP to analyze what is using up power on your system.

(Note: Since you have installed TLP ignore the VM writeback timeout in powertop)


How can I relocate the default quickly directory?

You can first get into that folder:

cd ~/Projects

and then create application:

quickly create ubuntu-application name-of-the-application


Upgrade wants to install un-needed packages

Delete firefox-locale-de by running sudo apt-get-purge firefox-locale-de.

If you wish, first run apt-get-purge -s firefox-locale-de to give you an idea of what the command will do. Because it is a simulation, nothing will actually be removed and you don't need sudo.


As suggested in the first question you're linking to, removing Gnome directories from your home directory should definitely reset it to its default settings.

Can you double-check that the following folders in your home folder are indeed being deleted:

.gnome .gnome2 .gconf .gconfd .metacity

The most bullet-proof way to do this is to log out, switch to a terminal with Alt-Ctrl-F1, log in with your normal username and invoke

cd $HOME
ls -la # see if the folders exist at this point
rm -rf .gnome .gnome2 .gconf .gconfd .metacity
ls -la # confirm that the folders no longer exist
sudo reboot # just to be sure

If you can confirm that the directories are deleted and this doesn't fix the problem, then the problem is not related to your changes to the panel - most likely something you installed after you installed Gnome prevents it from working (Unity?)


xfce4: setting a region for screenshot in terminal and trigger by keyboard shortcut

There isn't, it's not specified in the manual:

-r, --region
    Select  a  region  to  be  captured by clicking a point of the screen without releasing the mouse button, dragging your mouse to the
    other corner of the region, and releasing the mouse button.

The only program I could find that allows you to that is scrot:
sudo apt install scrot

Then you can run the command:
scrot -a 200,200,200,200 yourfile.png

The numbers correpond to x axis, y axis, width, and height:

-a, --autoselect
  Non-interactively choose a rectangle of x,y,w,h.


It is possible with dpkg extract command (see man dpkg):

  -x, --extract archive directory
   Extract the files contained by package.

For your case:

dpkg -x xyz_1.23.deb ~/xyz

but you will need to install needed dependencies and adjust some environment variables manually such as:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$HOME/xyz/usr/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/xyz/usr/bin

To remove such "installed" package you will need to remove its folder:

rm -rf $HOME/xyz

and then correct environment variables back.

Please note that this solution is not-universal.
It may work with simple applications but may not work with comprehensive packages (having many dependencies).

For example it will work with simple GNU Hello application:

cd ~/Downloads
apt-get download hello
dpkg -x hello*.deb ~/hello
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/hello/usr/bin

The test results are the following:

$hello --version
hello (GNU Hello) 2.10
$ which hello
/home/user/hello/usr/bin/hello


netflix in firefox 53 and ubuntu 16.04. one machine works, one doesn't

Check the DRM setting in the Firefox preferences.

Clear these caches in the Firefox preferences.


How to create a Windows-readable FAT32 partition on Persistent USB?

By design, Windows can only read the first partition of a flash drive.

For your 'windows' partition to be visible from Windows, it should thus be the first partition on your flash drive. You should format it as FAT32 for maximum compatibility with Windows and Mac machines. Primary is fine.

This way, Windows won't see your Linux partitions, but it'll happily read and write data on the 'windows' partition.

After, you can create your Ubuntu root partition ("/"), your swap partition, and (if desired) your '/home' partition. These are the standard partitions for a well-behaved Linux install.*

*Some would say that a separate "/boot", "/var", or "/other" partition is desirable. I personally never saw the advantage of this, but in the end I guess it all comes down to personal preference.


it seems related to below bug which has been released

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-lts-utopic/+bug/1491957


Should I exclude files when restoring /home folder from newer version?

I've done this both ways but at the moment I would recommend restoring all files. Should there be a problem it is easy enough to remove that one or two troublesome configuration files from your home folder. After restoration, make sure that the permissions are right for each item as well!


What is the correct JUJU charm for Kubernetes?

The documentation seems to give conflicting results. To be sure of what you will deploy with juju deploy canonical-kubernetes you can do the following:

$ juju deploy canonical-kubernetes --dry-run
Located bundle "cs:bundle/canonical-kubernetes-471"

You can also copy the command on the top right to ensure you get the version you want. So for the bundle with filebeat / ES it would be juju deploy cs:bundle/canonical-kubernetes-2.

A word of caution, the bundle with the elasticsearch that you linked does not seem to be updated and uses old charms. You can find the charm version in de bundle.yaml file.


It says it can't install when you have libflycapture2:i386 installed... so remove that package.

sudo dpkg -r libflycapture2:i386


Syntax error on line 83 of /etc/apache2/apache2.conf:
  DefaultRuntimeDir must be a valid directory, absolute or relative to ServerRoot"

sudoedit /etc/apache2/apache.conf

Go to line 83. The value used for DefaultRuntimeDir seems to be invalid: it does not exist and is not absolute and is not relative to ServerRoot.

So alter the line to a valid directory and save the change. Then restart the apache service and it will be fixed.


How to restore permissions in /usr/lib folder?

I followed these steps to get a backup of permissions using another ubuntu system(By booting from a ubuntu USB image) and then restored it. It works. https://www.linux.com/learn/how-easily-back-and-restore-linux-file-permissions

To backup:

getfacl -R TEST > test_permissions.txt to backup permissions

To restore:

setfacl --restore=test_permissions.txt to restore permissions


unable to connect to wifi and don't have ethernet cable

I believe you need to find and download to a USB stick the following compressed, tar file:
broadcom-wl-5.100.138.tar.bz2

Copy from USB stick to your HP Mini and double click. You should then be able to restore the tar file to gain access to your wireless network.


For your first question, how to transfer files over the same WiFi network, you can use Samba. You just need to configure a Samba shared folder in one computer and access it on the other.

Directly for nautilus (the file manager), right click on the folder you want to share, click on local network share. A new window will appear, if you click on Share this folder a poupup will appear asking you to install some components. Accept and wait for the installation.
When the installation finishes tick the options you think are appropiate for you. When only I have access to the network and I've not sensitive data in the folder (or I mount there other folders or put symbolic link to only the files I need) I tick all of them. You can leave blank the Comment field.

On the other PC (or any device, such as smartphones), open nautilus and click on Browse Network and click on the hostname of the other PC and after on the share name you set in the other PC.

You can also click on Connect to Server and in the Server Address filed type smb://other_pc_ip/folderName .


Your best bet for a graphical remote session would be to set up a VNC server as outlined here in the wiki


Hibernate not working 13.04: screen flashes / blanks out and locks

I had a similar issue when I installed Kubuntu 13.04 on my laptop, hibernate would behave as you mentioned... I fixed it by disabling my Bluetooth module. It would appear that on occasion Bluetooth, WLAN, and Ethernet drivers can interfere with hibernation.

Perhaps try disabling them systematically and see if your hibernation issue still occurs.


wifi and bluetooth not working when booting to another kernel

dkms doesn't build "backwards" with default config.

If you install a new kernel, it will build the driver for it, but it doesn't do it for old ones that were installed before you installed the dkms package.

Boot with the 4.15.0-20 and install the driver for it this way:

sudo dkms install btrtl-rtl8723de/0.1~bionic
sudo dkms install rtlwifi-new/0.6
sudo update-initramfs -uk $(uname -r)

You don't need to reinstall packages, just neet to build the modules. And you don't need an internet connection for it.

You can try --all option to build for all installed kernels, but I didn't test it on install, only on remove. E.g:

sudo dkms install btrtl-rtl8723de/0.1~bionic  -all
sudo dkms install rtlwifi-new/0.6 --all
sudo update-initramfs -u

This way it is supposed to build for all installed kernels, but as mentioned above it is not guaranteed to work.


403 Forbidden Error when accessing enabled virtual host

Make sure to check the permissions on that directory. Realize that apache runs as the user 'www-data' and it will require read access to the files in that directory in order to function.

To check the permission run from the command line:

ls -al /home/noah/

Note that Apache figures out if a directory is able to be served by checking the whole path for .htaccess files. This is in case there's a rule in /home/noah/.htaccess that says things should be denied, overriding the information setup in your virtualhost file.

Allowing the www-data user to read the directory should help. The other thing you can do is to symlink the /home/noah/work/fun directory into /var/www where the apache user should be the default owner.

Let me know if you need more details or if you can get there from here.


Where to check the updated packages or new packages list in Launchpad?

Each upload to the Ubuntu archive is announced via a mailing list. They are also available via RSS.

Ubuntu Natty (RSS)
Maverick (RSS)

These are of course very high volume. Even after the release, all uploads to the proposed and security archives are announced.

UbuntuUpdates.org is a third-party service that also tracks this sort of information, including for specific PPAs:

Updates for all releases, including PPAs
List of PPAs tracked by UbuntuUpdates.org

Also interesting is Launchpad's build farm. Here you can see what packages are currently building in both PPAs and the official archives.


Difference Between GNOME on Red Hat and Ubuntu?

Install Red Hat in VirtualBox if you don't want to install it as a normal operating system installation. A basic vanilla installation of Red Hat in VirtualBox should be enough for what you are trying to do. GNOME on Ubuntu is similar in almost all respects to GNOME on other Linux distributions generally.

Since the course you're taking is based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6, you will have an easier time with the course if you have the installation iso for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. If you don't have an RHEL 6 iso, then try to install as close a match as you can to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 ships with the GNOME 2 desktop environment which is no longer provided in the repositories of the current versions of Ubuntu Desktop. In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, GNOME 3 is the default desktop environment. GNOME 3 is the version of the GNOME desktop environment that is in the repositories of the current Ubuntu Desktop releases.


JUJU ERROR failed to bootstrap environment: subprocess encountered error code 1

Do you need a proxy to reach the internet? If yes, configure it in your juju environment. Add these lines accordingly:

http-proxy: http://ip:port
https-proxy: http://ip:port
no-proxy: localhost,127.0.0.1,somethingelse


Can I format and use the "free space" to the right of my Bootable USB stick's partition table?

The only use for a SDC install nowadays is for making an installer drive.

If you want something that saves your last session you can do a Full install to the flash drive or you can make a Persistent install using mkusb: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb .

Mkusb has a small boot partition, an ISO9660 read only partition for the OS, an ext4 casper-rw partition for persistence and a NTFS partition for data. Both Linux and Windows can use the data partition.

A persistent install is more compact than a full install but may not be as secure.


How to install bootloader on usb-stick after failure?

Sounds like you're using the "Startup Disc Creator".  Try using unetbootin instead, it's in the repositories.  If it asks you about overwriting a file just click "Yes to All".  I've historically had more luck out of Unetbootin than the "Startup Disc Creator".


How can I install 10.10's Light Themes in 10.04?

I have solved my problem. It turns out that the murrine daily PPA was deleted, but someone on the Ubuntu Forums had a copy of one of the debs from June 2nd, 2011 that was made for 10.04 64bit (debs.tar.gz > gtk2-engines-murrine_0.91.0~git201106021418~daily1~lucid1_amd64.deb). I downloaded that archive and installed the deb in it, and then I downloaded version 0.1.8.2 of the light-themes source from Launchpad. Finally, I extracted that into /usr/share/themes and everything's working!


dropbox preference not saving ("Start Dropbox on System start-up" 19.10 (xfce)

I would recommend to remove the Dropbox and install it again from special Ubuntu wrapper package with

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt-get install thunar-dropbox-plugin

and then enjoy its autostart and integration to Thunar file-manager.


How are files saved on a live boot of Ubuntu? Is Casper rw even necessary?

You can write to other partitions in order to save files from a live system, but what you write to the root partition will vanish when you reboot or shutdown the computer. The root partition is in RAM (a temporary memory space). This means that you cannot install programs or tweak the system settings.

In order to do that you need a casper-rw file or even better, a casper-rw partition. If you want to be advanced, you can have a home-rw partition too.

The method is to overlay the live file system with the stored system of the casper-rw (and home-rw if available)

-o-

The tool mkusb can create persistent live systems of all current versions of Ubuntu and Ubuntu community flavours (Kubuntu, Lubuntu ... Xubuntu) and Debian Jessie.

It creates a casper-rw partition for persistence automatically.

You can decide how much of the available drive space to use for persistence. The rest (of the available drive space) will be used for a usbdata partition, available also from Windows.

See these links

help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb

mkusb/persistent


This is currently not possible,
Gnome Devs don't think, that (imho) essential features are important for a file manager.
Comment from a developer to this issue:

The use cases are not clear

See these bug reports:

https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/nautilus/-/issues/374
https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/nautilus/-/issues/888
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nautilus/+bug/1698351 (Importance = low).

In a comment on the first link above, a developer said now almost 2 years ago:

The issue is marked as Stretch and that means it is something we want in the long term.

You might try a different file manager, e.g. Nemo that forked from Nautilus a while ago.


First, check that the button you are using to choose the boot media is the right one. Your computer's manual should be able to tell you what button it is. Alternatively, change the boot order in BIOS to first boot from the removable media you are using. You should be aware that some older BIOS-versions are unable to boot from a USB-drive and you need to use a CD/DVD.


How to set both www-data and me as owner?

Files can only have one owner.
You can have the directory with 775 permissions and files with 664. From there you can either make www-data the group and your user the owner. Or you can make the www-data the owner and your user as the group.


This message is usually the result of something that exhausts the entropy pool on your system. This is typically refilled over time through various actions (such as disk activity, keyboard timings, mouse movements, etc). The simplest solution would be to use something like haveged:
apt-get install haveged

To have this start at boot, use this:
update-rc.d haveged defaults


The X61 series uses a UPEK Touchstrip fingerprint reader that, when using Linux drivers, does hardware image processing and then returns a status to the computer. Due to this design there is no way for you to access the scanned image.

With that said, there is evidence that with proprietary Windows drivers the device operates in a different mode that is capable of returning a scanned image, but it doesn't looks like there's been any development done in this area.


Mouse cursor dissapears when long-pressing Alt in Gedit

Yes! It seems to be this Bug:

bugs.launchpad.net/.../1376494

bugs.launchpad.net/.../1387219

Solution:

sudo apt install ibus-gtk
# Logout/Login

There are some other Tools affected by this Bug i think ...
e.g. gobby

My Hardware is an old Dell Vostro 3500 with SSD-Upgrade

$ uname -a
Linux V3500 3.16.0-28-generic #38-Ubuntu SMP Fri Dec 12 17:37:40 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 14.10
Release:    14.10
Codename:   utopic


In Firefox press Ctrl+P to bring print window up, go to the options tab, set the header and footer to be --blank--, and you are ready to go:

From now on you can simply use Ctrl+P to print the files pages, there is no need to change these options anymore.


Press Ctrl + Alt + F1
In the virtual terminal, give your username and password to login.
Execute these commands:

 rm -r ~/.gconf/apps/gnome-terminal
 gconftools --recursive-unset /apps/gnome-terminal

And see what happens.


I think that the order of commands is important.  The command to install the libdvd(css/read4/nav4) should have come first, and then the libdvd-pkg install command should have been issued.

The simple thing is to try:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure libdvd-pkg


Unable to upgrade or fresh install Lubuntu 14.10 (32bit) on Lenovo Ideapad S205

EDIT:

Hello, downgrading the bootloader brought me a functional pc.

To do that you need your install medium. Boot that up and go to your command line.
Then mount your system.

sudo su
mount /dev/sdXY /mnt # XY the partition you installed / (root) (for example /dev/sda2 in my case)
cd /mnt
cp -L /etc/resolv.conf etc/ # to get the internet working
mount --bind /sys ./sys
mount --bind /dev ./dev
mount --bind /proc ./proc
chroot .
apt-get update
apt-get install grub # press 'y' when generating menu.lst
update-grub
grub-install /dev/sdX # same as before but only the device not partition
grub-install /dev/sdXY # same partition as before
update-grub
reboot

When rebooting eject your install device and your system should boot up.

Old Post:

I had the same trouble upgrading my Lenovo S205.

In my case it was from Xubuntu 14.04 to 14.10 64bit. The update process went fine, but then I got also the loop on the bios/efi bootscreen.

I managed to boot my installation with another live distro (in my case Linux Mint). For that I went to the grub console of Linux Mint by pressing 'c' when the grub boot screen comes up.

Type following commands to boot in your installed OS:

set root=(hdX,Y) # find correct partition via 'ls' (root partition, same as in following step, but they have different names (in my case this was (hd0,msdos2)))

linux /vmlinuz root=/dev/sdZ ro # the root partition of your installed OS (in my case /dev/sda2

initrd /initrd.img

boot

With these commands you should be able to boot in your Lubuntu.

I did no further investigation, but it seems the Wifi is broken again after upgrading.

I hope this helps you and sorry for my bad english.


Looking for a Commercial Grade SIP Softphone

I like Ring and find it very "professional" and linux friendly (they got accepted on Debian repository)


How can I find the mime type without charset using "file"?

From the man page:
 -i, --mime
         Causes the file command to output mime type strings rather than the more traditional human readable ones.  Thus
         it may say ‘text/plain; charset=us-ascii’ rather than “ASCII text”.
--mime-type, --mime-encoding
         Like -i, but print only the specified element(s).

So by way of example:
$ file --mime dog.jpeg
dog.jpeg: image/jpeg; charset=binary

$ file --mime-type dog.jpeg
dog.jpeg: image/jpeg

$ file --mime-encoding dog.jpeg
dog.jpeg: binary

So you want file --mime-type dog.jpeg.


The /etc/machine-id is a unique ID that usually gets created during your system installation and persists across the whole lifetime of your system. It looks like yours is empty for whatever reason.

You can generate a new random ID with the systemd-machine-id-setup command. You will probably also need to make sure the D-Bus machine ID correctly links to it again too, as you say you have messed around with that in an attempt to fix it:

sudo systemd-machine-id-setup
sudo ln -sf /etc/machine-id /var/lib/dbus/machine-id

After that, /etc/machine-id should contain a 32 character hexadecimal string, and /var/lib/dbus/machine-id should be a symlink to that same file.


Unable to set static IP address in Ubuntu 14.04

Ok, I ditched Microsoft and change my household computers and laptops to Ubuntu 14.04.

After a week long searching the internet how to get a static ip-address on Ubuntu 14.04 I finally found a way.

It seems the network-manager is overwriting (or by-passing) my /etc/network/interfaces every single time, I thought of removing it but decided on trying to use it first.

Go to the right upper corner and click the network icon, go down to the bottom and right click edit connections.

This opens network connections and choose the connection to change, click edit and go to IPv4 settings. Choose Method: Manual and then fill in the Address, Netmask and Gateway and your desired DNS server.

Just save and your done. It will change to the given static IP-address on the fly even after reboot!!

This might be an old thread, but after a week of searching I updated the 10 first hits in Google. Hope to safe other people some time!!


Xubuntu transparent buttons in the panel

No file editing is necessary.

First, Make sure the compositor is enabled in the settings (Main Menu >> Settings >> Window Manager Tweaks >> Compositor).

Then, right-click on the panel, open the panel's preferences, open the tab Appearance, set the Opacity to 0.

Finally, open the Window Buttons plugin settings, and uncheck Show flat buttons.

For more information, read Panel Preferences Dialog.


Package 'cmake' has no installation candidate ubuntu 12.04

I faced the same problem and after googling a bit, I become able to install cmake. I fixed my problem as follow:

sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cmake


Mouse registering as a keyboard causing the actual keyboard to stop working

I was plugging the mouse into a USB 3 port, oddly enough switching to a USB 2 port fixed the issue. The mouse is still registering as both but my actual keyboard is working.


you have a couple questions in there, so let's break this down one at a time:

Try logging in again:

Just to cover all your bases, have you checked to see if caps lock, etc. might be turned on when entering your password?
Accessing your files:

Boot from a LiveCD and select "Try Ubuntu" (don't install). You can "rescue" your files by mounting the disk, and copying them to an external harddrive or a usb key. Depending on the permissions of your home folder you may need to use sudo to copy things over. (e.g., open a terminal window and enter gksu nautilus to open a file browser with sudo privileges)
Restoring/Reinstalling the system:

Once you have all your files safely backed up you can try fixing the system (although, I'm not sure how in your case. You can try booting into a recovery shell as root, and change the user password see HERE). Or, with your files safe, you could just reinstall.


Multiple User Accounts Possible using Ubuntu 14.04 on Chromebook via Crouton

Press Ctrl+Alt+F8. If this doesn't work, try this:

First, go to your terminal and type:

gksudo gedit  ~/.bashrc

Scroll down to the bottom, and add a line to the bottom.
In that line, type (without the brackets):

alias switch='su (name of your kid's profile)'

Save that and go to your terminal and type:

. ~/.bashrc

Now go to your system settings and navigate to Keyboard -> Shortcuts -> Custom Shortcuts.
Press the plus icon.
Type in the name field "switch accounts", and in the command field "switch".
Click to the far right of the field where it says "switch accounts" and press Ctrl+Shift+/.
Now whenever you press that you should switch accounts to your kid's account.

You can also do the same on your kid's account to switch back to your profile.


No more updates for 32 bit Ubuntu 18.04 LTS?

See https://ubuntu.com/blog/statement-on-32-bit-i386-packages-for-ubuntu-19-10-and-20-04-lts

Ubuntu has stopped creating new 32-bit .iso images. The link explains why.
However, most 32-bit libraries are still being updated, and do-release-upgrade still works.


pactl load-module module-loopback too loud

Try PulseAudio Volume Control. you can install it from the software center or from the terminal with sudo apt-get install pavucontrol

This program allows setting both input and output levels for streams, applications, and devices and looks like this:


I tested your command on both Unity and Gnome, and it works fine in both cases. So there is a chance you made a mistake in the command.

If you would want an alternative solution, you could use xdotool's command:

xdotool windowsize <window_id> 100% 100%

You would however need to install xdotool:

sudo apt-get install xdotool


WiFi does not work: Ubuntu 16.04 on Lenovo Z51 Laptop

Ubuntu 16.04 users should not use backports or any dkms package as the 16.04 kernel supports more devices than previous versions.  You need to set the skip_otp parameter and install firmware in most cases.  The firmware that works is from https://github.com/atondwal/ath10k-firmware.git

Only use this firmware if you have 02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Qualcomm Atheros Device [168c:0041] (rev 20)
    Subsystem: Lenovo Device [17aa:3545]

echo "options ath10k_core skip_otp=Y" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/ath10k_core.conf
git clone https://github.com/atondwal/ath10k-firmware.git
sudo cp -r ath10k-firmware/ath10k/ /lib/firmware/
cd /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA6164
sudo cp -r hw2.1/ /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA6174/


How to move files based on first word in file name?

The following oneliner should do the job:

find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*.jpg' -exec perl -e '$a="{}"; $a =~ /(\w+)/; `mkdir -p $1 && mv "$a" $1`' \;

Explanation

find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*.jpg' will look for files (-type f) only in the current folder (. -maxdepth 1) with the jpg extension.
-exec will call the perl command for every matching files. The string {} is replaced by the current file name being processed.
$a="{}"; saves the current file
$a =~ /(\w+)/ is a regular expression test, the special variable $1 will contain the first word of the filename stored in $a.
finally mkdir -p $1 && mv "$a" $1 is executed as a system command with /bin/sh or its equivalent. Note the -p option of mkdir, it won't fail if the directory already exists.

Update

To prevent code injection in perl (thanks @geirha), use the quotemeta function as follow:

find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*.jpg' -exec perl -e '$a="\Q@ARGV"; $a =~ /(\w+)/; `mkdir -p $1 && mv $a $1`' "{}" \;


A minimal session would be something like this:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
metacity & #start the window manager. You could use compiz, openbox etc. instead
gnome-settings-daemon & #ensure themes show properly
gnome-panel & #run the panel. You could use avant-window-navigator, docky etc. instead
nautilus & #show your desktop background and icons

This will not load your gnome startup applications so you will need to add these to this script.

To test this out, save the script into the file ~/.xinitrc and make the file executable (chmod +x ~/.xinitrc). Then logout and log back in again but choose 'User Defined Session' as your session.


Give a user read access to a directory without making them owner

Regarding your request, not making testuser the owner, nor making it world readable, the easiest solution would be to add a seperate group (testgroup), add the testuser there, chown the directory to the group and finally chmod the directory to 750.

groupadd testgroup
useradd -G testgroup testuser
chown :testgroup /Media/Test
chmod 750 /Media/Test

If you already have files in there, you have to use -R switch for chown and chmod to change the files in it as well. In addition, if you add files or directories later within the directory, you have to make sure the group settings are correct (morph:testgroup), as long as testuser should have access to this new files. Of course you can add your own user to that group too.

useradd -G testgroup morph

Furthermore I want to add, that as long as you are root on your system -- or as long as you can use sudo --, you don't have to be worried, because you can change back every standard file permissions, as long as they are not further protected by a specific MAC (media access control) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandatory_access_control) sytem like selinux. But I assume they aren't in your case.


AWS CLI throwing "No module named 'botocore.parameters'" error?

The only way I was able to get around this was to use the bundle installer instructions found here:

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/awscli-install-bundle.html

After installing using those instructions I was finally able to get it running.


A few points:

PPAs are usually keyed for particular versions
When you add a PPA to your system using add-apt-repository it will try to add it for your current version.
This PPA doesn't have a Saucy version.

If you're on Saucy, you're not going to be able to use it as is.

To work around this you could either edit the sources file (it'll be lurking in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/) to change the dist from saucy to raring (the last release).

Or just download the debs from launchpad and install them manually (sudo dpkg -i filename.deb or double-click).


Ubuntu doesn't recognize the hardware of Vivobook pro

I think that I've found a solution. I was booting with the "acpi=off" option. Removing that option (actually, I don't remember why I set that option, It was due to some compatibility issue that now the upgrade solved somehow) I can see all my CPU cores and my GPU!
Hence, I suggest to upgrade and disable acpi=off in case of similar problems.
Moreover, now the touchpad is working, no flickering during window resizing, and the system does not hang no more on shut down, although now the shutdown slowed down a bit.


From which folder can I get the Zim Desktop Wiki document files?

If you have not customized Zim document path,
then you can find its folder in ~/Notebooks/Notes as first launch wizard shows:

Other possibility is to find .zim folders and *.zim files in your file-system.


No volume control in "Gnome Classic" sessions

The solution was to add indicator-applet to the panel.


How to return back Alt+Tab behavior from showing application windows to showing application icons?

The problem was that I somehow got both application switches enabled:

Gnome
Compiz

All I need is to install CompizCongig Settings Manager and just disable Compiz application switcher.


Bulk image format conversion from from .bmp to .jpg via command line?

First install imagemagick:

sudo apt-get install imagemagick

Than use imagemagick's tool mogrify:

mogrify -format jpg /path/to/your/bmps/*.bmp

Why? 'cause it works.


Could not start vanilla kernel on virtual machine

This is a bit of a guess; have you compiled in virtio block support to your new kernel if you're using it?

You probably want some/all of the following (certainly won't hurt to turn them on to try anyway):

CONFIG_VIRTIO
CONFIG_VIRTIO_BLK
CONFIG_VIRTIO_NET
CONFIG_VIRTIO_CONSOLE
CONFIG_VIRTIO_BALLOON

I suspect the top two are most important for this particular problem. If you're not using virtio then this is irrelevant, just say and I'll delete.


How to upgrade package one by one using apt-get with bash script?

You may want to give a try to

#!/bin/bash
while read package
do
apt install ${package} -y
done < requirement.txt

You might want to run the script.sh as root
If you want to only upgrade if it exists, and don't want to install it if it doesnt, add --only-upgrade (apt install --only-upgrade ${package} -y)


I can't find drivers for a Lenovo b575e for Ubuntu

That is not how Linux works. Linux supplies its own drivers during the installation of the operating system. Only your graphics card and maybe your NIC might benefit or could need a specific driver. But those are exceptions.

Install our Live Session onto a DVD or USB, boot from it (either by setting up your BIOS to boot from it or pick the "override boot with {dvd/usb}" method if that is applicable.

Let it start. Check with "try Ubuntu" it things work and then install the system.

You might need to do some preparation upfront: if you need a dual boot you need to make some unallocated space on your disks of at least a 30Gb so you can install an operating system onto that.


Update Manager/Software Centre not working (12.04 LTS)

If you want to report the bug, see this answer. On the other hand, asking for workarounds for bugs is not on-topic in here.


Using Ubuntu 12.04 instead solved the issue.


This can easily be done on Launchpad. What you are looking for is called a source package recipe.

The way to set this up and get it building the source every day is to first register the project on Launchpad if it isn't already. Once that is complete, go to the project page and click "configure project branch":

Now you need to tell Launchpad where the SVN repository is. Click "Import a branch hosted somewhere else", select 'SVN', and enter the URL of the SVN branch. Give the branch a name and click update:

Now you have the contents of the SVN repository being imported into Launchpad every so often (usually more than once per day). The next step is to create a source package recipe that builds the package from source every day. There are basically two options here:

Store the Debian packaging files in the SVN repository - the files should be in a folder called debian.
Create a separate Launchpad branch that contains the Debian packaging files and have Launchpad merge them together before it builds the package.

Since the first option is the easiest, I'd recommend going that route. To set up the daily builds, head to your project's page on Launchpad and click the "code" link at the very top. Click on the branch that contains the source code and then click "create packaging recipe":

From there, simply accept all of the defaults and click "create recipe". That's it! Your packages will be built each day (assuming there are new revisions) and placed in the PPA you specified when you created the recipe.

References:

https://help.launchpad.net/Packaging/SourceBuilds/GettingStarted
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