How can I turn photos of paper documents into a scanned document?

There are several ways to do that. Though all my suggeed ways have one problem they won't really flatten your picture. A more or less good picture would be still required.

One easy way is that you try the software ScanTailor (scantailor.org)

sudo apt-get install scantailor

It takes you through 6 steps to optimize your photos. At the last step you can select the option "Equalize illumination" this will give you a nice clean look!

Personally I usually just use GIMP. But you need some basic skills to reach your aim.

sudo apt-get install gimp

crop the picture in the wanted way
use the Colors -> Curves option to manipulate the color output in a way you want it...

Another nice little program is gscan2pdf, where you can also load photos and export them as PDF. There is is even a link to GIMP so you can improve the photo with the above described steps.

sudo apt-get install gscan2pdf


Restore GRUB after creation of a NTFS partition?

What worked for my situation was to use Edwin's suggestion of using this Ubuntu wiki help page on restoring GRUB in dual boot with windows Vista/XP/7 and just reinstalling Grub to my HDD from LiveUSB by following the steps on that site. That's all it took!


Cannot boot into desktop after purging GNOME3 PPA

When you reboot as root, you need to issued the command

mount -o remount,rw /

To to make the disk writable (it's in a read-only state to begin with).

Then you can issue the command:

apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


Here are the steps to follow along sequentially:

Open GoldenDict.
Hit F3 to open the Dictionaries window.
Under Sources -> Files tab hit the Add... button from the right navigation pan. It will open a window named Choose a directory.
Go on browsing until you click on the folder containing the dictionary file(s) like .bgl, .dict etc.
Now hit Open button from the bottom part of the current window. This will take you back to the Dictionaries window that was previously opened by hitting F3. Now, you can see the path of the folder you had just browsed to, in the box left to the right navigation pan.
Now hit Rescan now button from the right navigation pan. Wait until the scanning is complete.
Now hit Apply, then OK.

We are nicely done. Cheers...


Should I dual boot on a Toshiba Satellite c645? ( Win7 Starter / Ubuntu 11.04 )

I have installed Ubuntu many times alongside Windows.
During install you will be asked:

How to partition your disk?

Use whole HDD  (this would delete Windows)
Side by side - You can choose with a simple handler as to how much space you would like to assign for windows and how much for ubuntu
Manual Partitioning - Not for an beginner.

Use option 2 (Side-by-side) and after the install it'll reboot and the GRUB  will give the choice between Ubuntu (default) and Windows.

The option to install Ubuntu via Wubi installer (it installs ubuntu like a windows program inside windows)

Cons: It is inferior to a side by side install
as features like sleep don't work in
Wubi. Also it is said Ubuntu is a
little bit slower when installed as
Wubi.
Pros: The advantage of a Wubi install is you
can delete Ubuntu just like any other
windows program without messing up
the MBR(Master Boot Record). If you install Ubuntu side by
side and then decide to delete
Ubuntu, it is much more complicated
to recover the windows MBR.


| is the pipe operator, which passes the output of the first command to the one that follows.

from man bash:

  A  pipeline  is  a  sequence  of one or more commands separated by the character |.  The format for a pipeline is:

[time [-p]] [ ! ] command [ | command2 ... ]

  The standard output of command is connected via a pipe to the standard input of command2.

In the example you provide, id doesn't seem to do anything with the output of ls so it just returns the same output as running id alone.

|| is the logical OR operator, and specifies what to do if the first command returns false or fails (is non-zero).

from man bash:

  The  control  operators  &&  and || denote AND lists and OR lists, respectively.  An AND list has the form

command1 && command2

  command2 is executed if, and only if, command1 returns an exit status of zero.

  An OR list has the form

command1 || command2

  command2 is executed if and only if command1 returns a non-zero exit status.  The  return  status  of AND and OR lists is the exit status of the last command executed in the list.

In your example, ls -la runs successfully so the id command isn't run. If you did the following:

ls -z || id

and try to pass an invalid option z to ls, then it fails and the id command gets run.


Garbled UI with vnc, chicken-of-the-vnc, gridengine, qmon

I would try a different VNC client / server combination or at least look into the server settings:

This is a good beginning

FreeNX

Another possible option would be FreeNX / NX server. This option is fast, secure, and available cross platform.

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FreeNX and http://www.nomachine.com/select-package-client.php

As of yet there is not a server for OSX, but there is a client.


"System restart required"...why? How can I get what triggered this notification to also show details?

Edit: Another, probably relevant or useful article.

As you already found out you can find the packages that require a restart in /var/run/reboot-required.pkgs

Now you just need to look in the changelog of the package to find the information you are looking for.

If you are already on the machine you can find the changelogs in /usr/share/doc/${package_name} (example: zless /usr/share/doc/linux-image-3.13.0-61-generic/changelog.Debian.gz).
Debian provides some tools like apt-listchanges to make this more convenient (1, 2, 3).
Another way to do that would be to use packages.ubuntu.com.

In your case:


16.04 Display resolution changed itself without an upgrade/update and can't get it back

It seems to me you're blaming the OS claiming no change was made.

If that's true, it could be the screen is failing or has been changed (even cables); and its available resolutions reported via cable to the pc are now limited because of a change to config settings in your screen [or cable issue].

Was the screen changed over the weekend? A cleaner dusting changing config/cable without your knowledge?  Check screen & cable.


I noticed the same type of problem with my Win10 VM - I modified the topology for the guest as shown in the image below, and now my system monitor shows 3 virtual processors.


chown has no effect even after it claims it changed owner

You are correct. NTFS is the culprit. Ubuntu will mount the NTFS partition as root, but with all permissions as 777 for files and 755 for directories.

As mentioned, you should be able to specify the owner with the mount command:

sudo mount -o uid=`id -u user` /dev/sdX /mount/somedir


First install openjdk-11-source. Then in IntelliJ go to Project Structure -> SDKs, select your jdk and go to sourcepath tab. There you add the file /usr/lib/jvm/openjdk-11/lib/src.zip as source.


User @muru nailed it.  Not the first time this happened to me. I am only answering so that I can post a photo.
There was an old mount for home that needed to be deleted. That 50+ GB was exactly what the discrepancy was.
Thank you all.  A great community.
Walt


Stuck at initramfs, no results on exit command

You can try installing Ubuntu 20.04+ using LVM or ZFS partition since this bug is related to this. You will find this option when you are prompted for installation type (clean install or not). If you select clean install and then go to advanced features, you will find the option to choose between LVM and ZFS. Selecting LVM (also checked with ZFS, but not recommended since ZFS is still in its experimental stage) solved my problem.


Ubuntu 16.04 No GUI Video After Installing nVidia Driver

This problem apparently resulted from a defective monitor.  While attempting some other solutions, I noted some minor defects in the monitor display (a small section of flickering pixels) that were always present, even in UEFI setup.  I switched to a different monitor and reinstalled Ubuntu and the native nVidia drivers without any problems, without even needing to use nomodeset.


Difference between Emacs metapackage and Emacs

You can see from the descriptions.

For emacs, the metapackage, we have

Description-en: The GNU Emacs editor (metapackage)
 GNU Emacs is the extensible self-documenting text editor.
 This is a metapackage which will always depend on the latest Emacs
 release.

while for the other we have

Description-en: The GNU Emacs editor
 GNU Emacs is the extensible self-documenting text editor.
 This package contains a version of Emacs with a Lucid user interface.

So you should install the first, that should automatically bring in the current version of emacs as a dependency.

Update

A metapackage is a package that do not provides the files of an application per se, but it lives only because of its dependencies. When you install it, also dependencies get installed (a metapackage has also other characteristics, but it is enough here).

If you run apt-cache show emacs | grep Depends, you would get the following output:

Depends: emacs23 | emacs23-lucid | emacs23-nox

and it means that when you install emacs, it needs one of that three packages. How the package manager choose which one to install, I don't know.


How to install a Star Tsp-600 printer driver?

Ok, I downloaded the driver and checked it. I do not guarantee that it will work, but at least it will compile.

The problem is that the code in the makefile (a makefile is a file that specify how to compile programs)  that check for dependencies is obsolete. So the correct solution would be to ask to the manufacturer that they update their driver.

Meanwhile, you can use a "hammer" solution: delete the dependencies check and try to compile the driver anyway.

To do that you have to change the makefile. After the cd starcupsdrv step on your question, open the file makefile with your preferred editor (for example with gedit makefile); go to this point:

and REMOVE the lines 14, 15 and 16, so that it's like this one:

Now make will succeed, with some nasty warning. Then continue as instructed, I hope it works for you.

The binaries do run on my machine, so there is a quite high probability that they'll work --- if the makefile will install them in the correct place. Remember that the install phase must be done as root, so with

sudo make install

Good luck!


Starting several codes and stoping after one of them is finish

hmm, untested

children=()
loopProgram1 & children+=($!)
loopProgram2 & children+=($!)
loopProgram3 & children+=($!)
Program4
kill "${children[@]}"


How to join a Windows Domain and Map Network Drives?

Here goes!

Windows Domain - A popular solution for adding an Ubuntu machine to a Windows domain is Likewise-Open, found here: http://www.likewise.com/products/likewise_open/ It's quite possible that there are other alternatives out there; this was the first one I stumbled upon.
Mapping Drives - As to mapping drives, Ubuntu has the functionality already built in. Just go to the "start" menu, go to "Places," and select "Connect to Server..." In the dialog, make sure you select "Windows share" from the "Service type" drop-down box, and then fill in the rest of the info.
Outlook E-mail - The already-installed Evolution Mail application should be what you're looking for. Now, there's funny business afoot with Microsoft Exchange servers, so if your company uses one for its mail, you may or may not run into problems (it depends on the version of the server, amongst other things). From the Exchange section of the Evolution documentation: "Evolution Exchange works only with Exchange 2000 and later, and requires that Outlook Web Access be enabled. Each user needs a valid Microsoft Exchange server account, including a license." On the other hand, if your company uses standard IMAP/POP mail, you shouldn't have any trouble. (And perhaps someone more knowledgeable than myself can chime in about that Exchange stuff; I'm terribly behind the times with mail clients!)

Good luck!


Had the same problem. Solution was to

Edit

/etc/apt/sources.list

replace all instance of

ph.archive.ubuntu.com

to

archive.ubuntu.com

it is pretty weird why this happens. I guess while setting up your location. Ubuntu tries to find the closest server that they have to your location.


Problem installing TeamViewer for Linux in Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

You should use sudo after now for every command or just enter as sudo typing sudo su.

Ok, you just need to first install the package, and then fix dependencies.

Install the package using sudo dpkg -i "whereisthepackage". (if you typed before sudo su, sudo won't ask you the password, because you are logged in as root. To exit from this behavior, and regret to your account, you just need to type exit and you will be on you account.)

Then fix the dependencies by typing sudo apt install --fix-broken. Add -y to the end of the command if you don't want to be asked if yes or not install some packages.


How do you assign commands to keys in Terminal?

Yes, you can use the  bind command

bind '"\ey"':"\"less \C-m\""

That maps Alt-e to the less command and execute it (with the \C-m aka Ctrl-m )

Probably for the | you need to escape it.

bind '"\ey"':"\"\|less \C-m\""

If you want to just append it to the command line remove the *\C-m\""

Be careful as there are already some bindings defined:

Ctrl + A    Go to the beginning of the line you are currently typing on
Ctrl + E    Go to the end of the line you are currently typing on
Ctrl + L                Clears the Screen, similar to the clear command
Ctrl + U    Clears the line before the cursor position. If you are at the end of the line, clears the entire line.
Ctrl + H    Same as backspace
Ctrl + R    Let’s you search through previously used commands
Ctrl + C    Kill whatever you are running
Ctrl + D    Exit the current shell
Ctrl + Z    Puts whatever you are running into a suspended background process. fg restores it.
Ctrl + W    Delete the word before the cursor
Ctrl + K    Clear the line after the cursor
Ctrl + T    Swap the last two characters before the cursor
Esc + T     Swap the last two words before the cursor
Alt + F     Move cursor forward one word on the current line
Alt + B     Move cursor backward one word on the current line
Tab     Auto-complete files and folder names

The Control key, as you can see above, is made with C-m , so you can start the less command with Ctrl-g, as follow:

bind '"\C-g"':"\"\|less *\C-m\""

To get the key codes for the Alt (only for the ALT), you can use the read command from the shell:

@~$ read
^[y

^[y is equal to \ey

For more info, this question was answered also in stackoverflow:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4119991/bash-call-script-with-customized-keyboard-shortcuts


Cannot open shell script files on ubuntu 15.04

Are you sure the executable flag is set for that file?

You can also run it from command line even without the executable flag set:

source <path/yourscript.sh>

Also, you should make sure that the first line of the script is #!/bin/sh or #!/bin/bash.


Are you use real server or just install samba package in your desktop system ?
In my machine i added the samba configuration with this simple script :

  [ISO_Linux]

  path = /home/teluk/iso

  guest ok = yes

  read only = no

  browseable = yes

Make sure your directory permissions is set to accessible for everyone but don't set writable permissions . This example command to make your shared directory is accessible without writable  :

  sudo chmod -R 755 /home/teluk/iso

After that restart the smbd dan nmd with this command :

  sudo /etc/init.d/smbd restart && sudo /etc/init.d/nmbd restart

If you use Ubuntu desktop with samba , open your file manager like nautilus , pcmanfm , thunar etc. Press ctrl+L and type this to check it:

  smb://localhost

if you done the shared directory is show up in your file manager , next you can try to access your samba in windows system with press windows_button+R then type //your_ip .

Good luck .

NB : "/home/teluk" is may home directory you can change that with your directory location .


I also experienced system hang at the SYSLINUX screen when attempting to boot from a 12.04 live Ubuntu usb key formatted with FAT32.  I reformatted the usb key to NTFS and copied the ISO to the key manually as well as with unetbootin and USB creator.  Nothing worked.  At least not until I read the previous answer.

I was using a 2 gb Kodak USB key that I got free with a Kodak photo frame.  I only used this key because it was the smallest one I had and at least 2 gb of space is required to make a bootable key.  After reading this post, I replaced the Kodak USB with a 4 gb Verbatim, formatted it to FAT32 and burned the ISO with USB Creator.  Ubuntu booted fine.

Moral of this story: Use a mainstream brand of USB key!


How to install adobe-flash-properties-gtk on Saucy 13.10?

The package adobe-flash-properties-gtk previously was not available in Saucy.  It's source package, adobe-flashplugin was listed as in the partner repo's proposed section but was not yet actually in the repositories for the partner repo yet.   (see this page on Launchpad for the general information about the package.)

As of when I checked at 14:00 UTC-5 on November 14, 2013, the package has migrated from partner proposed to the actual partner repository and is now available.

It had previously been only in the partner proposed repository while it rebuilt with changes which repaired a "Failed to Build" issue.  It built correctly and apparently has migrated to the actual partner repository.


Which Kernel should we use on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS?

This question is definitely opinion-based. As a general rule, any time you say 'what (piece of software or hardware) SHOULD I use for (x task)?' you're going to have a WIDE variety of responses.

For example, some people are going to tell you it's better to partition drives with Gparted, while others may tell you to buy and upgrade some off the wall shareware you've never heard of before, while yet others may tell you it's best to just do it all manually from the command line.

I tend to always use the latest stable version (and occasionally, beta) of EVERYTHING, so if you ask me personally, I'm going to tell you that the latest is almost always best. But for certain niches of application, the latest may have bugs that haven't been worked out yet, or may have removed support for some functionality or software that you would consider essential to your own Linux use.

Therefore, the 'answer' here is that there IS no answer that applies to everyone. My best advice is trial and error. Read the release notes, know the differences, load them up, update your GRUB, and try them all out one by one. If 3.13 works better for you, then use it. If 4.2 works better, use it. This level of freedom is one of the major reasons Linux has been so successful.

It's up to you.


Windows loads directly without showing the grub menu

In your Windows OS, go to  Change advanced startup options. Follow these steps:

Click the Cortana icon and type advanced.
Click on Advanced startup.
Click on Restart now in the next menu.
In the following menu click on Troubleshoot.
Now click on advanced options.
Select UEFI Firmware Settings by clicking on it.
Now restart your computer.
Your system will now boot into BIOS. Using the arrow keys go to the Boot section.
Make sure that you have UEFI selected in Boot Mode.
Scroll down to the EFI section below which is your boot order.
Here set your Ubuntu OS at the top and your Windows boot manager below Ubuntu.

Note: If you are likely to use USB device to boot from then this is a good time to enable USB Boot. You would also want to set USB Boot at the top of your boot order followed by Ubuntu then Windows.

Exit saving changes.

Try booting and you should now have a choice to what you want to boot.


Brightness control does not work on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS with Nvidia GeForce GTX 1660 Ti

So, finally - after trying lots and lots of options - following helped me:
At the /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d folder find file related to your nvidia and append following section:

Section "Device"
    Identifier "Device0"
    Driver "nvidia"
    VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation"
    BoardName "<your graphic card as it named in your system>"
    Option "RegistryDwords" "EnableBrightnessControl=1"
EndSection

You can find the name of your graphic by searching for "system" in your Ubuntu. In my case it is GeForce GTX 1660 Ti so in abovementioned configuration file it gonna be BoardName "GeForce GTX 1660 Ti" - enclosed in doublequotes.

Save and reboot.


Critical Error messages when booting , Automatic suspend not working

I faced the same problem on my ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS. I found a quick fix explained here


what i did is , using Rufus for creating a windows 10 and ubuntu 16.04 bootable images ,
important : when creating the usb under partition scheme select only
UEFI with GPT disk (for both ubuntu 16.04 and windows 10) .

Turn on PC and :

plug windows 10 usb into the machine
click Esc (or your setup key) then Enter setup menu
in BIOS settings disable secure boot (search for it under the tabs)
enable CSM feature (under boot tab) this will let you boot from USB
click f10 to exit and save changes .
click Esc (or your setup key) then you USB should appear here
click the usb and boot into windows 10 installation , on the screen install now click shift+alt+f10 this will open command prompt , do the following :

diskpart
    select disk 0 - (in my case i wanted to install on disk 0) you can whatever you have
        clean - this will clean any disk type (MBR or GPT)
after you can partion and install windows 10 as you like .
after installing windows 10 , remove windows 10 usb and insert ubuntu (created as above ).
install ubuntu as you would do normally .


Alternative to xdotool which is already installed on Ubuntu

You can compile xdotool statically and copy it to that machine.

Alternatively you can copy the dynamically linked binary and see if the libraries resolve.


According to CrashPlan:

  auto-updates to the latest version. You DO NOT need to download it again once it's installed.

If you are running 2.6.13 Series Kernel or greater
1GHZ+ x86-64 CPU, 1GB+ memory, 250MB+ free drive space, Oracle (Sun) Java version 1.6+,
Glibc 2.4+, GTK, Xorg  then it will work for you.

CrashPlan automatically starts up after installation and prompts you to create a new account. Enter the information and click Create Account. CrashPlan will send backup reports and notifications to the email address you enter.

Important detail: You need to start the install script with this command in order to avoid error messages:

sudo ./install.sh

This is pretty straight-forward. Read the 'read me and install information' for the install instructions.


how do I remove "open with pdf-xchange" in the right click menu?

Wine works by storing a 'wineprefix' on the filesystem, by default ~/.wine. This contains a virtual window drive for the program being run under Wine - but when you install a program under wine it also adds files to other locations so it works properly with the linux system (so just deleting the wineprefix is not always enough):

~/.local/share/appllictions - this contains .desktop files, which act as launchers in the dash/menu etc.
~/.local/share/icons - icons for the program
~/.local/share/mime - mimetypes for files - a mimetype is probably in here saying that PDFxchange can opens PDFs etc.
Some additional stuff -  e.g. ~/.config/menus/applications-merged, ~/.cache/fontconfig, /.local/share/desktop-directories etc. This will probably vary with the program that is installed.

So to remove it, removing the relevant 'pdf-xchange' and wine* files/folders in ~/.local/share/applications should be enough (note other programs use the above file and folders, so don't randomly delete everything) - then run update-desktop-database ~/.local/share/applications/ and restart the desktop/file manager to make the changes.


MacBook air 3.1 ubuntu 12.04 won't suspend when closing lid, after installing nvidia driver

I use XFCE, and here's how I fixed the problem: in settings / power manager, associate "suspend" with "closing the lid" for both AC and battery. It seems to work fine.


18.04.2 how to assign Alt+Shift as an input language switch

Universal way

For entire system with text terminals use sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration and this command will produce the following /etc/default/keyboard file:

# KEYBOARD CONFIGURATION FILE

# Consult the keyboard(5) manual page.

XKBMODEL="pc105"
XKBLAYOUT="us,ru"
XKBVARIANT=","
XKBOPTIONS="grp:alt_shift_toggle,grp_led:scroll"

BACKSPACE="guess"

and it will update initrds automatically. The settings will be applied after reboot.
Please note: if you edit the /etc/default/keyboard file manually - then you should run

sudo update-initramfs -u -k all

manually and then reboot.

GNOME will inherit this settings on next login.

Tricky way

Simple method without additional software. All you need is dconf which is preinstalled.
You need to copy and paste the following big command into terminal:

dconf load / << EOF
[org/gnome/desktop/input-sources]
sources=[('xkb', 'us'), ('xkb', 'ru')]
mru-sources=[('xkb', 'us'), ('xkb', 'ru')]
xkb-options=['grp:alt_shift_toggle','grp_led:scroll']
EOF

GUI way

If you want GUI way - use GNOME Tweaks (gnome-tweaks package) as described in duplicate answer.


Problem extracting data from file using awk

You are looking for the -v option to awk:

   -v var=val
   --assign var=val
          Assign the value val to the variable var,  before  execution  of
          the  program  begins.  Such variable values are available to the
          BEGIN rule of an AWK program.

Something like this:

cat ID.txt |
    while read line; do awk -vline="$line" '$1 == l' test.txt >"$line".txt;done

Which would be better expressed as (avoiding the useless use of cat):

while read line; do
    awk -vline="$line" '$1 == l' test.txt >"$line".txt;
done < ID.txt

However, this is very slow and inefficient. You are running the awk command on the entire test.txt for each line of ID.txt. Why not just read ID.txt in awk itself and print the matching lines:

awk 'NR==FNR{a[$1]++; next} ($1 in a){print >> $1".txt"}' ID.txt test.txt

The above saves the 1st field of ID.txt in the array a. NR and FNR are special awk variables meaning "the current line of the input stream" and "the current line of the current file". The two will only be equal to each other when the first file is being read. Therefore, NR==FNR{a[$1]++; next} will only be run on the lines of the first file. The second part will not be executed because the next tells awk to skip to the next line.

The second part, checks if the current line's 1st field (remember, this is only run on the second file) exists in the array a (which means it was in ID.txt) and, if it does, prints the line into a file called "field1.txt"


How to install Chrome or Chromium 32 bit on Ubuntu 64 bit

I just want to clarify why you are doing this. The basic idea is wrong since it will use the same amount of RAM as the 64-bit version.

32-bit consume less ram on a 32-bit system, this is a fact. But it will allocate more RAM on a 64-bit system because the 32-bit packages will be carried through the cpu as 64-bit packages and therefor allocate the same RAM as the 64-bit version. If you are worried about RAM install the 32-bit version. I just did a report on this 32/64 bit problem for school.

So my answer to you is to install any version of 64-bit or 32-bit both will use the same amount of RAM. IF you want to use less RAM install the 32-bit version or upgrade the hardware of your computer.


Only able to connect via ethernet. WIFI isn't even an option

I have had the same problem as you, and in the terminal you can enter:

rfkill list

show soft and hard block if it is blocked you can enter:

rfkill unblock wlan0

and then you can in the terminal enter:

lspci

shows the wireless info, and then in the terminal enter:

lsusb wlan0

and if it is down then in the terminal enter:

ifdown wlan0
lsmod wlan0

and it set the wireless to be users, and then you sould scan the port, and in the terminal enter:

nmap -v -iR 10000 -Pn -p port

and then restart the system and it might work fine.


They say that it is fixed in kernel 3.16 so try this first.
sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-utopic

It didn't work for me so i tried the workaround found in the link below and that worked for me.
http://xps13-9333.appspot.com/#background_noise

mkdir -p /usr/local/bin
wget -O /usr/local/bin/white_noise_fix.py http://xps13-9333.appspot.com/root/usr/local/bin/white_noise_fix.py
chmod 744 /usr/local/bin/white_noise_fix.py

After that, disable the power saving mode of the audio card to prevent pop noises, electrical noises and, more importantly, the white noise, which otherwise will come back:
mkdir -p /etc/pm/config.d
echo INTEL_AUDIO_POWERSAVE=false > /etc/pm/config.d/snd_hda_intel

More information about the bug can be found here.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1315770


Normaly, ll is not a shell command. It is just an alias defined in ~/.bashrc file as follow:

alias ll='ls -alF'

So, check in your ~/.bashrc file if you have anymore the above line (in my .bashrc file is located somewhere at the line 93).


Why is there a new Group for me as a User?

Being an administrator just opens up a bunch of other options to you as a user (they are mostly unimportant), but it won't really change anything.

By default, the first user (the one you create from the installer) is an administrator (essentially) with some options disabled for safety. The reason everyone gets a separate group is simply because it makes it easier to manage permissions (on a Unix) system in this way.


unable to boot into windows 8 inspite of dual booting

Use Boot Repair

Boot with a Live USB
Install boot-repair instructions here
Run boot-repair and click recommended repair option
Accept option to generate the boot-repair report to the Internet
Post the Internet link into your question if it still doesn't boot up.


Why is CIFS-mounted share faster than SMB?

SMB is a server Message Block which was invented by IBM to write files across a LAN network. CIFS is a Common Internet File System. CIFS is particular implementation of SMB done by Microsoft.

1.) The CIFS implementation of SMB is rarely used these days. Most modern storage systems no longer use CIFS, they use SMB 2 or SMB 3. In the Windows world, SMB 2 has been the standard as of Windows Vista (2006) and SMB 3 is part of Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012.

2.) SMB 2 and SMB 3 are massive upgrades over the CIFS implementation.

Now something to keep in mind (TCP window size * 8bits / RTT in milliseconds) = Max TCP throughput in bps. While you might have a Gigabit network a single TCP flow won't likely be able to get that high.

Now to optimize SMB config:

[global]

SEE: https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=798532

strict allocate = Yes

SEE: https://lists.samba.org/archive/samba-technical/2014-July/101304.html

allocation roundup size = 4096

Allow reado of 65535 bytes in one packet

read raw = Yes

Server signing slows things down.

server signing = No

Support RAW write.

write raw = Yes

"strict locking = auto" OR "strict locking = no" is acceptible.

strict locking = No

socket options = TCP_NODELAY IPTOS_LOWDELAY SO_RCVBUF=131072 SO_SNDBUF=131072

"min receivefile size" will be passed directly to the kernel,      recvfile/splice SYSTEM CALL.

min receivefile size = 16384

Use more efficient sendfile()system call

use sendfile = Yes

Samba musty be built with Asynchronous file support I/O support

aio read size = 16384
aio write size = 16384

Also in my case i needed to change the order of the name lookups in nsswitch.conf. It turns out that this configuration contained a line like this.

hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4

Simply adding a "wins" to the hosts line fixed the problem.

hosts:          files wins mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4


Installing Oracle 11g R2 Express Edition on Ubuntu 64-bit

Hiii, Guy's

if you have any problem to installing Oracle 11g Express Edition just follow this simple step: just keep it in mind instead of amit always use you computer user name: here all i did in my computer that same thing i am going to express in front of you}

amit@Deepin:~$ sudo apt-get update

{after completing this go for further process}

to check the group that already added and the group no. which avaliable:

amit@Deepin:~$ sudo cat /etc/group

to add group:

amit@Deepin:~$ sudo groupadd -g 801 oinstall

amit@Deepin:~$ sudo groupadd -g 800 dba

{here 800 is group no. and 'dba' is group name}

to find out group no.

amit@Deepin:~$ sudo cat /etc/group |grep -i 800 <---- it will check wheather 800 group no. already assign to some group or not.

after adding your group verify:

amit@Deepin:~$ sudo cat /etc/group
dba:x:800  <----- that mean the group has successfully added,....

to add an user who belong from two group:

amit@Deepin:~$ sudo useradd -u 800 -g dba -G oinstall -d /home/oracle oracle

to create passord for user:

amit@Deepin:~$ sudo -i

root@Deepin:~# sudo cat /etc/passwd

root@Deepin:~# sudo id oracle

root@Deepin:~#passwd oracle

new password *******

confirm password *******

to give ownership to an user for a directory:

root@Deepin:~#chown -R oracle:dba /home/oracle

we need to do change in startup Script:

root@Deepin:~# mkdir /etc/rc.d

root@Deepin:~# for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 S

>do ln -s /etc/rc$i.d /etc/rc.d/rc$i.d

>done

Now,
we will create the directory for installation, and change it owner to create

root@Deepin:~# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

root@Deepin:~# chown -R oracle:dba /u01

now, u can login as oracle user
root@Deepin:~# su oracle

$

$bash -i               <----- to provide bash command support

oracle@Deepin:/root$ su -

Password: *****

root@Deepin:~#

now again login as root and go to /home/oracle   ,,, where you copy settup

root@Deepin:~# unzip oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm.zip

Install the following packages :

root@Deepin:~# apt-get install alien libaio1 unixodbc

The Red Hat based installer of Oracle XE 11gR2 relies on /sbin/chkconfig, which is not used in Ubuntu. The chkconfig package available for the current version of Ubuntu produces errors and my not be safe to use. So you'll need to create a special chkconfig script, below is a simple trick to get around the problem and install Oracle XE successfully:

root@Deepin:~# gedit /sbin/chkconfig

(copy and paste the following into the file )

-------------------------------------

#!/bin/bash

# Oracle 11gR2 XE installer chkconfig hack for Deepin

file=/etc/init.d/oracle-xe

if [[ ! tail -n1 $file | grep INIT ]]; then

echo >> $file

echo '### BEGIN INIT INFO' >> $file

echo '# Provides: OracleXE' >> $file

echo '# Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog' >> $file

echo '# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog' >> $file

echo '# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5' >> $file

echo '# Default-Stop: 0 1 6' >> $file

echo '# Short-Description: Oracle 11g Express Edition' >> $file

echo '### END INIT INFO' >> $file

fi

update-rc.d oracle-xe defaults 80 01

#EOF

-----------------------------------------------------------------

Save the above file and provide appropriate execute privilege :

root@Deepin:~# chmod 755 /sbin/chkconfig

Oracle 11gR2 XE requires to set the following additional kernel parameters:

root@Deepin:~# sudo gedit /etc/sysctl.d/60-oracle.conf

(Enter the following)

# Oracle 11g XE kernel parameters

fs.file-max=6815744

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65000

kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128

kernel.shmmax=1610612736

(Save the file)

Note: kernel.shmmax = max possible value , e.g. size of physical RAM ( in bytes e.g. 512MB RAM == 512*1024*1024 == 536870912 bytes and 1536MB RAM == 1536*1024*1024 == 1610612736)

Verify the change :

root@Deepin:~# sudo cat /etc/sysctl.d/60-oracle.conf

Load new kernel parameters:

root@Deepin:~# sudo service procps start

Verify:

root@Deepin:~# sudo sysctl -q fs.file-max

-> fs.file-max = 6815744

Increase the system swap space : Analyze your current swap space by following command :

root@Deepin:~# free -m

make some more required changes :

root@Deepin:~# sudo ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk

root@Deepin:~# sudo mkdir -p /var/lock/subsys

root@Deepin:~# sudo touch /var/lock/subsys/listener

Convert the red-hat ( rpm ) package to Ubuntu-package :

root@Deepin:~# sudo alien --scripts -d oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm

Go to the directory where you created the ubuntu package file in the previous step and enter following commands in terminal :

root@Deepin:~# sudo dpkg --install oracle-xe_11.2.0-2_amd64.deb

Do the following to avoid getting MEMORY TARGET error ( ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system ) :

root@Deepin:~# sudo rm -rf /dev/shm

root@Deepin:~# sudo mkdir /dev/shm

root@Deepin:~# sudo mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=2048m /dev/shm

(here size will be the size of your RAM in MBs ).

The reason of doing all this is that on a Ubuntu system /dev/shm is just a link to /run/shm but Oracle requires to have a seperate /dev/shm mount point.

To make the change permanent do the following :

create a file named S01shm_load in /etc/rc2.d :

root@Deepin:~# sudo gedit /etc/rc2.d/S01shm_load

Then copy and paste following lines into the file :

#!/bin/sh

case "$1" in

start) mkdir /var/lock/subsys 2>/dev/null

touch /var/lock/subsys/listener

rm /dev/shm 2>/dev/null

mkdir /dev/shm 2>/dev/null

mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=2048m /dev/shm ;;

*) echo error

exit 1 ;;

esac

Save the file and provide execute permissions :

root@Deepin:~# chmod 755 /etc/rc2.d/S01shm_load

This will ensure that every-time you start your system, you get a working Oracle environment.

You can now proceed to the Oracle initialization script

root@Deepin:~# sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe

export ORACLE_SID=XE

export NLS_LANG=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/nls_lang.sh

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

Enter the following configuration information:
A valid HTTP port for the Oracle Application Express (the default is 8080)
A valid port for the Oracle database listener (the default is 1521)
A password for the SYS and SYSTEM administrative user accounts
Confirm password for SYS and SYSTEM administrative user accounts
Whether you want the database to start automatically when the computer starts (next reboot).
Before you start using Oracle 11gR2 XE you have to set-up a few more things :

a) Set-up the environmental variables, add following lines to the bottom of /etc/bash.bashrc :

b) execute your .profile to load the changes:

root@Deepin:~# source /etc/bash.bashrc

root@Deepin:~# cd ..

Start the Oracle 11gR2 XE :

root@Deepin:~# sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure

root@Deepin:~# sudo service oracle-xe start

The output should be similar to following :

root@Deepin:~# service oracle-xe start

Starting Oracle Net Listener.

Starting Oracle Database 11g Express Edition instance.

root@Deepin:~#


How to resolve unallocated disk/drive problem in Ubuntu 20.04?

Hm, seems to be the case this disk /dev/sda, as this is the medium we are talking about, was formerly a Windows 10 OS installation.
So, to be honest, best would be to save the data and make a fresh Linux installation.
The other way round you may create a partition called /dev/sda3 as an additional primary partition and use a mount like /backup or /additional in order to use it for anything.
I do not know, for what reason you created that many different partitions, as, there is usually no use for.
With Gparted, you are able to move partition spaces, delete the start and endpoint of partitions and even delete, create partitions.
Get familiar with it, but before that, make a backup of your data to another storage device.


How to enable text-mode LUKS passphrase prompt on boot?

I have enabled this on my Ubuntu 16.04 server that has XFCE installed.

Edit /etc/default/grub with your text editor of choice, and remove the option quiet splash, and then if this does not work I would suggest also adding GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=text on a new line in /etc/default/grub. Remember, after you make a change to the grub config file, you should always run

sudo update-grub

to apply the changes.


Rename .dat file to .mpg. I hope it works. If it doesn't help install Gxine player.

sudo apt-get install gxine

It should work.


This is by-design. You should open a feature request over Launchpad or upstream in GitHub.


Why do I get a purple screen whilst installing Ubuntu Server 11.04

If you have a wireless card you may need to install the Ubuntu mini.iso. It has better kernel support by using the generic kernel as opposed to the optimized server kernel. This will install the base system, no GUI, and you can install the LAMP stack after that.


sudo apt-get update not working and ctrl+alt+t not working

First let's try to "help" with the second topic, but it should work to open the keyboard shortcut settings and setup a new shortcut CTRL+ALT+T for the executable gnome-terminal this doesn't fix the issue why it's not working anymore as it used to do, but at least it's recovering functionality.

To the first question:
What is the current output of:

which python3

Do a

ls -alFh

On the result. What's it linking to?
Can you try to reset the link /usr/bin/python3 to /usr/bin/python3.6 with

su
# enter root passwd.
cd /usr/bin
unlink python3
ln -s python3.6 python3

please check before if /usr/bin/python3.6 exists.

Does apt work again?


When updating and downloading packages what has the absolute freshest packages, the US server or the Main?

The USA has 69 mirrors for Ubuntu. Some of them are uptodate, other a little behind the main one.

Anyway, the main server in England is considered the most uptodate.


error: parsing file '/var/lib/dpkg/updates/0013' near line 0: EOF after field name

Run these commands in terminal.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

cd /var/lib/dpkg/updates; sudo rm 0013
sudo dpkg --configure -a


Are re-combined BTRFS incrementals identical to the original?

As of BTRFS tools 3.12 and Linux kernel 3.13, the answer is no. When serialized BTRFS data (incremental or otherwise) is deserialized (btrfs receive), and the intermediate volume deleted, the latter volumes are updated. When they're re-serialized (btrfs send) they have different IDs. Latter serialized volumes which refer back to their parent volume by ID are unable to find their parent, due to changed ID.

It's not known if there is any workaround for this behavior.

Here's what is possible:

Create volume snapshots on disk, serialize them where each refers to the previous snapshot, and keep all those serialized files forever.
Deserialize volumes to disk (btrfs receive), remove some intermediate volumes, and re-serialize all volumes after the deleted volumes.


Excludes specific files from all subdirectories when creating a zip file

You need to quote the exclude pattern, as you already tried to do; The first one should actually work, even if there is a "nicer" solution.

But let's look at a simplified example to work with; I Created some directories with files with .foo and .bar extensions:

Here I run find to list my test directory - it shows all files and directories:

$ find
.
./1.bar
./1.foo
./sub1
./sub1/sub2
./sub1/sub2/1.bar
./sub1/sub2/1.foo
./sub1/1.foo
./sub1/1.bar

Now, we can just see what works
(we get the output file out of the way, its not relevant to the matching).

Packing all files:

$ zip -r /tmp/out.zip *
  adding: 1.bar (stored 0%)
  adding: 1.foo (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/ (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/sub2/ (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/sub2/1.bar (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/sub2/1.foo (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/1.foo (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/1.bar (stored 0%)

Packing excluding .foo files:

$ rm /tmp/out.zip
$ zip -r /tmp/out.zip * -x '*.foo'
  adding: 1.bar (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/ (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/sub2/ (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/sub2/1.bar (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/1.bar (stored 0%)

Works!
Trying again with your first pattern:

$ rm /tmp/out.zip
$ zip -r /tmp/out.zip * -x \*.foo
  adding: 1.bar (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/ (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/sub2/ (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/sub2/1.bar (stored 0%)
  adding: sub1/1.bar (stored 0%)

Works too!

So... take a close look at what you really did run there.

First you could remove the -q option for "quiet", hiding the standard messages shown in my examples.
As a next step, add the -v option for "verbose", to see more details - maybe too many, but maybe you can spot something interesting.

From the comments I see that removing the -q already helped;

The underlying problem was that the zip command used for testing was modified by the existence of the output file.
Technically, it had modified itself even...

From man zip:

Command format.  The basic command format is

               zip options archive inpath inpath ...

        where archive is a new or existing zip archive and inpath is a directory or
        file path optionally including wildcards.  When given the name of an exist‐
        ing zip archive, zip will replace identically named entries in the zip  ar‐
        chive (matching the relative names as stored in the archive) or add entries
        for new names.


Unable to capture screen with VLC on Ubuntu+KDE 17.10

The already mentioned vlc-plugin-access can also be installed using the command line:

sudo apt install vlc-plugin-access-extra


The low free disk space is the culprit... I experienced it too and it definitely doesn't feel good. Try and free up some space by transferring stagnant data to other partitions or external hard drives.

As for your gpu, unless you spent extra bucks for a discrete gpu, you have got a sandybridge era cpu which comes with integrated intel HD graphics(HD 2000)!!

You can get OpenGL information about your gpu using command "glxinfo" without quotes.

OR, if your chromium browser can access OpenGL, enter about:gpu in URL bar of Chromium and hit enter!

Cheers and don't forget to mark this as your answer! :)


14.04 is in itself no matter what LTS. That was the only one. There is no "regular" Ubuntu 14.04.


To install tomcat 6 for a server you need to install the tomcat6 package from a commandline:

sudo apt-get install tomcat6

To install tomcat 7 for a server you need to install the tomcat7 package from a commandline:

sudo apt-get install tomcat7

To install tomcat 6 for a user (e.g developer) you need to install the tomcat6 package from a commandline:

sudo apt-get install tomcat6-user

To install tomcat 7 for a user (e.g. developer) you need to install the tomcat7 package from a commandline:

sudo apt-get install tomcat7-user

NOTE you can only have one version (6 or7) installed at a time.

To start and stop the server:

sudo service tomcat6 stop
sudo service tomcat6 start

or to restart

sudo service tomcat6 restart

Further reading:

How should I install Apache Tomcat 7 for use with Eclipse?

https://help.ubuntu.com/12.04/serverguide/tomcat.html


Need to restart network-manager every boot to get wifi working

Once the connection is up, go to the Network icon in the top panel, and choose Connection Information. Note what driver name is being used for the wireless connection.

Then, in terminal, type sudo gedit /etc/modules and add that driver name to the bottom of the file. Save the file and quit gedit. Now the driver will be loaded at boot time. Reboot the computer and your wireless connection should probably be up.

Let us know if that helps. Cheers, Al


Kernel panic after upgrade to Ubuntu 13.04

I have the same problem. Quick fix is to boot with the second line in your grub start screen and select the last installed kernel from 12.10 which works OK on 13.04. On my Dell Laptop that was:

3.5.0-27-generic

I suspect it is an issue with the latest version of the wireless driver


codeblocks install failed. Dependency not resolved, libgcc1

OK, I got for it for ubuntu adding "pasgui" to my sources...It was someone else recommendation. Thanks anyway because you helped me to know how to add and update sources.

Basically follow above instructions but instead of using cambrium I used pasgui and for details of path go to pasgui web site.

Pasgui PPA https://launchpad.net/~pasgui/+archive/ubuntu/ppa

Add it using command

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:pasgui/ppa
sudo apt-get update

and install codeblocks with

sudo apt-get install codeblocks


Image viewer for renaming the current image

Geeqie Image Viewer will do this.

http://geeqie.sourceforge.net/

apt-get install geeqie

or

http://sourcedigit.com/19324-19324/


Will Apache2 restart if I reboot whole ubuntu

Yes, it will, but your error will still exist as well. Go find apache2.conf and ports.conf, and update your question with the section that states which ports you are listening on. locate apache2.conf  also: locate ports.conf

I'm guessing, your ports file or config files are screwed up, and preventing apache2 from running. Post back with port info from both files.


How can I know/list available options for kernel modules?

modinfo does it:

modinfo i915 | grep '^parm:'

For open source modules the most reliable way is to look at the source. You don't need to be a kernel developer.

See source for i915.


HUD not working in LibreOffice downloaded from libreoffice.org

LibreOffice in Ubuntu 14.04's repositories is already the latest version, so you already had the latest version installed when you installed Ubuntu 14.04.

The HUD features come only from Ubuntu's LibreOffice packages as they ship their own patches for software to use the HUD.

PS: Install libreoffice-style-sifr, it looks a lot prettier than the human icon theme.


Why left Right scroll isn't working on Ubuntu 17

Did you have a look at the release notes?

  Mouse & Touchpad settings and behavior will not work right in the Ubuntu desktop if xserver-xorg-input-synaptics is installed. Some desktop environments such as Unity require xserver-xorg-input-synaptics. (1686081)

After removing xorg-input-synaptics everything should work as expected.

That said, it only works for me until the first suspend, after that it stops working again.


Not able to access Ubuntu remote machine via X2Go client?

I got the Solution and solution is

  Unity isn't supported under x2go. Use lxde, xfce or a plain, non-compositing WM like openbox. This is documented on the x2go project pages.

While i was trying with a option of GNOME


you will have to turn off auto-discovered printers.
for that, you will need to reconfigure the settings. and after that, it won't show any additional printer except the printers you have added manually.

In /etc/cups/cups-browsed.conf
set directive: BrowseProtocols none

now restart the service by

service cups-browsed restart
service cups restart

that's all.
your problem will be solved.


When symbolic linking to something you wish to run, you need to use the full path instead of path shortcut notation. Wine will not expand the notation and tries to follow as a relative path. i.e. use /home/user instead of ~/.

See this answer for more details: https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2001697


Please note that standalone GPS positioning is quite slow in acquiring a fix. That is, without any additional help, the time from requesting a position until the first actual fix is delivered may very well take ~20 minutes depending on satellite visibility.

That being said, we have enabled multiple ways of speeding up location fixes. All of them require a non-roaming data connection, e.g., a WiFi connection or a mobile data connection.


Graphic card driver, Xorg (Open-source) version vs Proprietary (AMD and Nvidia) version, Which is the best?

Personally i keep 3 drivers installed (1 canonical and 2 proprietary)
and switch between them depending on what i need at the moment.
usually linux works best with Xorg driver, and also when you upgrade your linux distributive you can often run into big lags with proprietary drivers(like black screen, or X don`t starts at all after upgrade), so i switch to Xorg for any major updates to system.

However for most games with decent graphics and some other graphic heavy software like 3d studios proprietary drivers work better, and some new games just don`t start on Xorg driver at all.

with "additional drivers" tool in dash menu and ability to add proprietary repositories to apt-get for AMD and NVidia alike it`s easy and fast.


This is a common issue. You should place them in ~/.profile instead of ~/.bashrc.

NOTE: Make sure you don't have ~/.bash_profile otherwise ~/.profile will NOT be loaded by bash. This is Ubuntu Desktop default behaviour.

Alternatively, you can use an external script for rbenv, whenever needed, source it manually;-)

For example, rbenv.sh

#! /bin/sh
export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(rbenv init -)"


Will Unity 2d top panel be theme-able and support transparency?

Unity 2D is nearly not customizable at all for the moment. All customization that exists today is through GConf (/desktop/unity-2d key).
As of now, there is no plan to improve on that.

The top panel cannot be made transparent without compositing support. Metacity (used in Unity 2D) has support for compositing but it is not well tested and has a list of known bugs.


CD/DVD drive won't eject media - Kubuntu 12.04

It seems to be already reported Bug #875543 : https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/udev/+bug/875543

i would suggest to watch this topic and see if solution appears - now its confirmed as a Bug.


No bootable device found on bootable USB

I fixed it by downloading Rufus (Windows), selecting the USB and the ISO for Ubuntu, and clicked Start, and it worked wonderfully.


The simple initial approach would be to simply adjust your touchpad configuration, perhaps tun your sensitivity down, especially if it moves that much simply from taking your finger off the pad. Go to System Settings>Mouse and TouchPad> drag the bar next to TouchPad cursor speed to the left to turn down.

If the above option does not resolve the issue, see this link:
http://memobadz.wordpress.com/2014/02/16/lenovo-yoga-pro-2-on-ubuntu/

which discusses several options for hardware configuration that you could explore. In reference to your issue, the section on Jumpy Touchpad and lack of middle button seems appropriate. Here is their suggestion:

Try creating the file /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf with this content:

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "touchpad catchall"
    Driver "synaptics"
    MatchIsTouchpad "on"
    # This option is recommend on all Linux systems using evdev, but cannot be
    # enabled by default. See the following link for details:
    # http://who-t.blogspot.com/2010/11/how-to-ignore-configuration-errors.html
    MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"

    Option "FingerLow"              "46"
    Option "FingerHigh"             "46"
    Option "ClickFinger1"           "1"
    Option "ClickFinger2"           "2"
    Option "ClickFinger3"           "3"
    Option "TapButton1"             "1"
    Option "TapButton2"             "2"
    Option "TapButton3"             "3"
    Option "AreaBottomEdge"         "85%"
    Option "SoftButtonAreas"        "60% 0 85% 0 40% 60% 85% 0" # Btn2 LRTB - Btn3 LRTB
    Option "EmulateMidButtonTime"   "75"
EndSection

You can play with the values at runtime using synclient.

Amended:

To create above file, from command line:

cd ~/Desktop             #changes your current directory to your Desktop for easy access
touch 50-synaptics.conf  #creates file named 50-synaptics.conf
gedit 50-synaptics.conf  #uses gedit(text editor) to open file

Add the listed content to the file using gedit, then save and exit
Make destination folder, from command line  (#added line per comment from OP).

sudo mkdir /etc/x11/xorg.conf.d

To move file to appropriate folder, from command line

sudo mv ~/Desktop/50-synaptics.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/ #Moves file from Desktop to target folder.

Good luck.


Can't disable 'workspaces on primary display only'

So...
The next thing that happened was that I tried rebooting my machine and sort of failed, I was informed the graphics weren't properly configured.
Rebooted to shell,
switched back from 'gdm' to 'lightdm', and now machine is running and workspaces span both monitors.

(Woohoo!)


Here are couple of suggestions. When I mention commands, those are to be issued in command-line aka terminal , which you can access by pressing CtrlAltT

Remove google-chrome related folders, e.g. /home/username/.config/google-chrome and /home/username/.cache/google-chrome. You can find others with locate google-chrome command.
Remove google-chrome completely with sudo apt-get remove --purge google-chrome or sudo dpkg --purge google-chrome.
Get an antivirus or rootkit checker, as well as system cleaning programs. jkrix mentioned ClamTK, which is decent option, but there's others. Open Software Center and simply search for rootkit or antivirus or security. As for cleaning software, I recommend BleachBit.
Popup adware might not necessarily infect viruses but rather routers. Refer to this post on askubuntu.com.
Remove .macromedia folder; flash-player related adware isn't something unheard of.
Adware might not necessarily be attatched to the browser, but come from somewhere else. Open chrome (with only one page if possible) and in terminal isssue the command netstat -tulpan > netscan.txt && gnome-open netscan.txt. This will output list of established connections with list of which progams have established those connections. The text file will be opened as soon as the scan complete with gedit, which is a default text editor in Ubuntu.
If things don't work out, backup your files and reinstall the whole system. Upon completing the reinstall get yourself a firewall and chrome plug-ins such as adblock or Better Privacy. Reinstalling whole system may sound paranoid, but if a system is seriously compromised, it's better be safe than sorry.

You could also ask about your issue on security.stackexchange.com  . That site is all about cyber security in general, and you probably will find much better solutions than here.

Best of luck to you !


How can I extract records with a column in common?

You can do this kind of thing by building a hash / associative array / lookup table e.g. using Awk:

$ awk 'NR==FNR{B[$2]=$1; next} $2 in B {print $0,B[$2]}' file2.txt file1.txt
A  B    C   D E
a  b    c   d h
i  ii  iii iV k

There's also the join command - but that requires inputs to be sorted on the common field.


Unable to ping but wireshark shows packets

Operating under the assumption that you've connected the 2 PC's with a properly constructed cross-over cable or at least one of the devices support Auto-MDIX, I can only think of 2 reasons this might occur.
A) Blocked ICMP echo requests on port 7 via firewall
B) PC1's NIC is faulty (both transmitter and receiver have failed.) and should be replaced.
Note:

auto MDI-X is within the 1000BASE-T standard and also developed patented algorithms for "forced mode auto MDI-X" which allow a link to be automatically established even if the port does not auto-negotiate. This may or may not be implemented on a given device, so occasionally a crossover cable may still be necessary when connecting auto MDI-X to MDI-X (hub or switch), especially when auto-negotiation is deactivated.
Newer routers, hubs and switches (including some 10/100, and all 1 gigabit or 10 gigabit devices in practice) use auto MDI-X for 10/100 Mbit connections to automatically switch to the proper configuration once a cable is connected.
Gigabit and faster Ethernet links over twisted pair cable use all four cable pairs for simultaneous transmission in both directions. For this reason, there are no dedicated transmit and receive pairs, and consequently, crossover cables are never required for 1000BASE-T communication. The physical medium attachment sublayer (PMA) provides identification of each pair and usually continues to work even over cables where the pairs are unusually swapped or crossed

Assuming that with wireshark you see packets both ways on PC2 and NOT on PC1, and without further details on the hardware in use, my best guess is B). I hope this helps.


Because you are running your sed command only on lines which contains : Attempt to login so other lines will stay untouched.

You can change your code like this:

grep 'Attempt' file.log | sed -r 's/.*Attempt to login: \[(.*)\]\..*/\1/' | sort | uniq > file.log.filtered.txt

so it exclude the other lines first, then extracts email addresses.

or this one:

sed -re 's/.*Attempt to login: \[(.*@.*)\]\..*/\1/;t;d' file.log | sort | uniq

or even this one:

sed -nr 's/.*Attempt to login: \[(.*@.*)\]\..*/\1/p' file.log | sort | uniq

Or just use grep:

grep 'Attempt' file.log | grep -o '[[:alnum:]+\.\_\-]*@[[:alnum:]+\.\_\-]*' | sort | uniq

Regex for last command form here


I'm thinking of installing ubuntu on my laptop from USB, but there is no sound

After installation and update most problems go away, if not, you problably can google for a fix and will manage to fix it quickly.

Slightly slower depends on the apps actually, if you are going for games you should expect slightly lower performance, most apps have wine support, you can check if the apps you want to use are supported at https://www.winehq.org/


You can do the "hard" part (viz. creating a .desktop launcher in ~/.local/share/applications/) using the GUI tool alacarte and then make a slight modification to the .desktop file manually.

Note that a .desktop launcher created with alcarte is found in ~/.local/share/applications/ and usually with a name of the form alacarte-made*.desktop. You need to open such a file with a text editor and check/modify a couple of things:

There should be a NoDisplay=true line. This hides the application from your applications menu. So add (or modify) a NoDisplay=true line.
Make sure there is a proper field code (%f / %F / %u / %U) at the end of your Exec= line. This means the line should look like

Exec=/path/to/the/program %f

or something similar, not simply

Exec=/path/to/the/program


OBS on Ubuntu 17.10 (Artful) - Black screen, only cursor in screen capture mode

Ubuntu 17.10 runs on wayland as display manager and most software like OBS are not yet updated for it.

To make OBS work log out and beside "Sign in" button you will see a small cogwheel. click on it and choose "Ubuntu on Xorg" or "Gnome on Xorg" and you're good to go, OBS should work on that, but this reverts you to using X as display manager.


after 12.04 upgrade: can't log in although password is correct

try removing the Xauhority file and reboot.

for me that was

rm ~/.Xauthority

reboot


Not booting after installing Nvidia Driver from .run file

Solved: Just press F1 on boot, select Ubuntu Upstart, log in to the tty, go to the directory where the .run file was downloaded to, and run

sudo ./FILENAME.run -uninstall

then reboot.


Strange noise in headphones when no sound is played

Got the same problem on Dell XPS15 (9550, 2015 model in Xenial). Solved it in alsamixer and muting the loopback channel.

$ alsamixer

Navigating to loopback (all the way to the right, with → key) and setting it to Disabled using the ↑ key.

No reboot needed;
No root needed;
Is permanent as far as I noticed.


The problem is likely that while you have set the http_proxy/https_proxy environment variable for your user you haven't set it for root (which executes the sudo command).

Two things you can do:

When you change your proxy settings with the Ubuntu System Settings, you have to close current terminals and re-open them so they get the updated settings.
Edit your sudoers file, using the command sudo visudo, and add the following line:
Defaults env_keep = "http_proxy https_proxy ftp_proxy"

That way, your local non-admin user's proxy environment variables are copied over to the sudo environment when you execute sudo commands. This will then apply to any sudo command you run, if that program will pay attention to those environment variables (most do).

You can see a more complete run down here - https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AptGet/Howto#Setting_up_apt-get_to_use_a_http-proxy


Currently this is a bug in 13.10 & 14.04

The specific to scrolling in an unfocused window is here -

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gtk+3.0/+bug/1240957

May be useful to note that there are 2 additional related bugs though these 2 only are seen if bindings are set in the ViewPort Switcher plugin for Desktop-based Viewport Switching

https://bugs.launchpad.net/compiz/+bug/1200829

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gtk+3.0/+bug/1184159

As far as 13.10 & 14.04 a fix is stalled until 2 commits are accepted into xorg-server. Also 13.10 would need some gtk fixes that have only been done for 14.04

Until such time that both gtk3 & xorg-server are fixed in 13.10 they only way around all 3 bugs is to revert the orig. offending commit in gtk3. Doing so could expose the bug that orig. commit was applied for, but it is a somewhat obscure bug, I never seen it myself.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gtk+3.0/+bug/1046988

So for those that wish, this ppa has a reverted gtk for 13.10 that will 'fix' the 3 current scrolling bugs.

(It also has a patched xorg-xserver for those using 14.04

I'll maintain the ppa until no longer needed

https://launchpad.net/~mc3man/+archive/test-scroll


How to get support for paid software from Ubuntu Software Center

When I got commercial software from the Ubuntu Software Center in 11.10, I was sent an email for each one providing a troubleshooting link in case of issues (different for each package installed). Try checking the inbox of your email account that you use with Ubuntu SSO.


Pipelight for Opera/Chrome? Watching HBO Nordic..

Look like HBO Nordic need to work only new Flash player and Widevine. So both lack in Firefox for Linux yet. We have only Flash 11.2 so far but on Google Chrome side we have new Flash 2X and support for native Widevine.

So you in theory you should able to watch it but only on Chrome (or even on Chromium, Vivaldi or Opera if you correct load Widevine and Flash plugin).
Try it. I can't because HBO Nordic only allow scandinavia users :/


why is network interface loaded as "rename3"?

How to rename Network interfaces:

Here is one solution, on how to rename the interface. Most likely, there was something which went wrong under the setup of the device, so, let's roll on with it:

Open the file

  /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

And look for "rename3" in it.
You will find this: NAME="rename3" on a pretty long line, so i suggest that you open the file in "gedit", and search for that word by pressing ctrl+f.

Command for that: sudo gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

When you find it, edit it to desired name, like NAME="wlan0" (if not taken) or something, that you can recognize it easily.

On the same line, you'll find another parameter called KERNEL=="rename3". You don't have to edit this "kernel" parameter, as i am unsure myself what it is for. It works without changing that.

Now save the file, and close it.

After doing this, remember also to check your /etc/network/interfaces file to reflect the interface’s name change.

Restart the service:

/etc/init.d/networking restart

Done!


How can we set user profile photos in Lubuntu 20.04?

Lubuntu 20.04 uses sddm as its default display manager.

What you've described is the default "face" located in /usr/share/sddm/faces:

The easiest way is to have an image called exactly .face.icon in each user's home folder.

Here, I've copied over /usr/share/icons/oxygen/base/64x64/emotes/face-angel.png to my home folder as .face.icon.


gedit: how to increase spaces between lines?

The External Tools plugin can help change the spacing between lines.

Specifically, it extends gedit by helping you to run scripts on your working files, and by allowing gedit to interact with other programs on your computer.

To enable the External Tools plugin, select:

Gedit ---- Preferences ---- Plugins ---- External Tools.

Once you have enabled the plugin, you will need to configure it to suit your needs.

The configuration options are available by selecting:

Tools ---- Manage External Tools.

Requires knowledge of scripting to be used effectively.

A dialog will appear and you can start adding tools.

To run tools, go to:

Tools ---- External Tools or use if applicable associated shortcut keys.

Storage and hand-editing of tools: /usr/share/gedit/plugins/externaltools/tools.

An example of LineSpacing plugin for Gedit in:

http://natural966.wordpress.com/2012/08/19/my-linespacing-plugin-for-gedit-3/

And consists of two files:

linespacing.plugin:

[Plugin]
Loader=python
Module=linespacing
IAge=3
Name=Line-spacing
Description=Increase or decrease space between lines
Authors=
Copyright=
Website=

linespacing.py:

from gi.repository import GObject, Gtk, Gedit

UI_XML = """<ui>
<menubar name="MenuBar">
    <menu name="ToolsMenu" action="Tools">
      <placeholder name="ToolsOps_3">
        <menuitem name="LineSpacingAction0" action="LineSpacingAction0"/>
        <menuitem name="LineSpacingAction1" action="LineSpacingAction1"/>
        <menuitem name="LineSpacingAction2" action="LineSpacingAction2"/>
      </placeholder>
    </menu>
</menubar>
</ui>"""

class LineSpacing(GObject.Object, Gedit.WindowActivatable):
    __gtype_name__ = "LineSpacing"
    window = GObject.property(type=Gedit.Window)

    def __init__(self):
        GObject.Object.__init__(self)

    def _add_ui(self):
        manager = self.window.get_ui_manager()
        self._actions = Gtk.ActionGroup("LineSpacingActions")
        self._actions.add_actions([
            ('LineSpacingAction0', Gtk.STOCK_INFO, "Reset Line spacing",
                "<Control><Alt>0", "Reset Line spacing",
                self.on_linespacing_action_activate0),
            ('LineSpacingAction1', Gtk.STOCK_INFO, "Decrease Line spacing",
                "<Control><Alt>8", "Decrease Line spacing",
                self.on_linespacing_action_activate1),
            ('LineSpacingAction2', Gtk.STOCK_INFO, "Increase Line spacing",
                "<Control><Alt>9", "Increase Line spacing",
                self.on_linespacing_action_activate2),
        ])
        manager.insert_action_group(self._actions)
        self._ui_merge_id = manager.add_ui_from_string(UI_XML)
        manager.ensure_update()

    def do_activate(self):
        self._add_ui()

    def do_deactivate(self):
        self._remove_ui()

    def do_update_state(self):
        pass

    def on_linespacing_action_activate0(self, action, data=None):
        view = self.window.get_active_view()
        if view:
            view.set_pixels_below_lines(0)
            view.set_pixels_inside_wrap(0)

    def on_linespacing_action_activate1(self, action, data=None):
        view = self.window.get_active_view()
        if view:
            if view.get_pixels_below_lines() >= 0:
                view.set_pixels_below_lines(view.get_pixels_below_lines() - 1)
            if view.get_pixels_inside_wrap() >= 0:
                view.set_pixels_inside_wrap(view.get_pixels_inside_wrap() - 1)

    def on_linespacing_action_activate2(self, action, data=None):
        view = self.window.get_active_view()
        if view:
            view.set_pixels_below_lines(view.get_pixels_below_lines() + 1)
            view.set_pixels_inside_wrap(view.get_pixels_inside_wrap() + 1)

    def _remove_ui(self):
        manager = self.window.get_ui_manager()
        manager.remove_ui(self._ui_merge_id)
        manager.remove_action_group(self._actions)
        manager.ensure_update()

Sources:

http://natural966.wordpress.com/2012/08/19/my-linespacing-plugin-for-gedit-3/

http://www.micahcarrick.com/writing-plugins-for-gedit-3-in-python.html

https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Vala/Gedit3PluginSample


Launchbar + panel overlaps when showing a dialog box in fullscreen

This is a bug in Ubuntu that I've noticed.

It could possibly be related to this:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity/+bug/748539


How can I find installed web applications?

I don't think there is a common way for all web applications. It depends on how they were packaged. I agree this is not ideal.

In the case of drupal6 though, the example apache2 configuration file is created as /etc/drupal/6/apache.conf.

To get drupal6 working as expected in your question, you need to

copy /etc/drupal/6/apache.conf to /etc/apache2/sites-available/drupal6

sudo cp /etc/drupal/6/apache.conf to /etc/apache2/sites-available/drupal6
link /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/drupal6 to /etc/apache2/sites-available/drupal6

cd /etc/apache2/sites-enabled

sudo ln -sf /etc/apache2/sites-available/drupal6 .
Restart apache2 for the changes to take effect.

sudo service apache2 restart
You can then install drupal6 by visiting http://localhost/drupal6/install.php in a web browser.


Will installing Python 3.2 from software center replace the original Python 2.7 on 12.04?

Will installing Python 3.2 from the software center replace the default Python 2.7 on 12.04?

No, it won't.

Installing python 3.2 on 12.04 will not replace the python 2.7 already present. All applications using python 2.7 will continue to work and you can you use python 3.2 for whatever applications you want to run using

python3 filename

However, do not mess with the binary files, like replacing /usr/bin/python with /usr/bin/python3 or anything.

If you just want python to refer to python3 in your 12.04, just create aliases. This will safely prevent applications from misbehaving and/or crashing.

  Btw, what is the default Python version in 14.04?

The default python version in 14.04 is python 2.7, although python 3.2 comes pre-installed. By default version, I mean, python refers to python 2.7.6.


How to stop opening an application exit you out of the Activities Overview?

An slightly edited version of this script allows multiple selection of applications at once:

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import os

dr = "/usr/share/applications"

apps = []

for f in [f for f in os.listdir(dr) if f.endswith(".desktop")]:
    try:
        content = open(dr+"/"+f).read()
        if not "NoDisplay=true" in content:
            lines = content.splitlines()
            name = [l for l in lines if l.startswith("Name=")][0].replace("Name=", "")
            command = [l for l in lines if l.startswith("Exec=")][0].replace("Exec=", "")
            comment = [l for l in lines if l.startswith("Comment=")]
            comment = comment[0].replace("Comment=", "") if comment else "No description"
            apps.append([name, command, comment])
    except:
        pass

apps.sort(key=lambda x: x[0]); apps = sum(apps, [])
displ_list = '"'+'" "'.join(apps)+'"'

try:
    chosen = subprocess.check_output([
        "/bin/bash",
        "-c",
        'zenity --list '+\
        '--multiple '+\
        '--column="Applications" '+\
        '--column="commands" '+\
        '--column="Description" '+\
        '--hide-column=2 --height 450 '+\
        '--width 500 '+\
        '--print-column=2 '+displ_list
        ]).decode("utf-8").split("|")
    for item in chosen:
        item = item.strip()
        item = item[:item.rfind(" ")] if "%" in item else item
        subprocess.Popen([
            "/bin/bash", "-c", item
            ])
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
    pass

To use

Copy the script below into an empty file, save it as list_apps.py
Test- run it by the command (open a terminal window, type the command and press Return):

python3 /path/to/list_apps.py

If all works fine, add it to a shortcut key: choose: System Settings > "Keyboard" > "Shortcuts" > "Custom Shortcuts". Click the "+" and add the command:

python3 /pat/to/list_apps.py

to a shortcut key combination you like.

Explanation

The script lists all .desktop files in /usr/share/applications, and checks if the line NoDisplay=true is in the file (which means it is not meant to be used as a GUI). Then it looks into the files, looks up the application name and the command to run it.

The difference with the linked answer is mainly the fact that the zenity window is set to allow multiple selections.


How to set up environment variable properly?

Environment variables can be defined permanently by editing the .profile file in your home directory. Here's how:

Edit your .profile file with a command like gedit ~/.profile. Append this to the end of the file:

export ANDROID_SDK_HOME=/home/tom/android-sdk

You can source .profile to make it apply right away. Each time you restart your system, the .profile file is loaded, restoring this setting.


I cannot download the Ubuntu Touch SDK due to Hashsum mismatch

I'd say just run

sudo apt-get update

At least at first it would sound like there was an archive update ongoing at the server, which is a small time period where such could happen.


Probably nothing, such warnings are common when you run a GUI app from the terminal. Is anything not working properly?


What are the IP addresses in my iptables chain FORWARD settings in a Dokku/docker setup?

lock down all you or shut down all ports
& to only use ssh & http & https just open thier ports

flush to be confused that u know whats already defined

$ iptables -F

then drop all

$ iptables -P INPUT DROP

1st for ssh  port :

IPTABLES to pop open port 22

$ iptables -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

 2nd for http & https port :

allows HTTP and HTTPS connections from anywhere.
"default ports for websites" / http 80, https 443.

$ iptables -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT

 Finally close all other traffics:

$ iptables -A INPUT -j DROP

All

$ iptables -F
$ -P INPUT DROP
$ iptables -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -A INPUT -j DROP

 OR

$ iptables -F
$ iptables -P INPUT DROP
$ iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -A INPUT -j DROP


Ubuntu 13.04 weird partition shown in Gparted

Your /dev/sda3 is an extended partition, which is just a placeholder for the logical partitions inside it. Extended partitions don't really "belong" to any given OS, although it's possible to create an extended partition and then populate it with logical partitions that belong to just one OS. That's not the case on your disk, though.

I disagree with the suggestion by Alaa that you can safely delete /dev/sda5. As an NTFS partition, /dev/sda5 is almost certainly a Windows partition, so its non-use by Linux is irrelevant. Instead, I recommend you evaluate its utility, or lack thereof, from Windows. You might be better to ask about it on a Windows forum -- but be aware that many Windows users are clueless about Linux and about the needs of a multi-boot computer; they may offer bad advice based on this poor understanding of such issues.


16.04 - stuck in emergency mode - FAT-fs (nvme0n1p1): IO charset iso8859-1 not found

Executing the following command in recovery mode solved the problem for me:

$ depmod


Best practices on using sudo in a bash script

Regarding method 2, it's easier to use a function. For example:

#!/bin/bash

func(){
    echo "Username: $USER"
    echo "    EUID: $EUID"
}

export -f func

func
su "$SUDO_USER" -c 'func'

$SUDO_USER is the sudoer's username. You could also use $(logname) in its place.

Running on my machine:

$ sudo bash test.sh
[sudo] password for wja:
Username: root
    EUID: 0
Username: wja
    EUID: 1000


Cannot install HP printer: plugin installation not successful

Same here. I solved this way:

please run:

hp-setup -g &> ~/hp-setup.log

after your error read the log:

cat ~/hp-setup.log

you will find some lines like:

hp-setup[19265]: debug: Either /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/sane/libsane-hp2000S1.so file is not present or symbolic link is missing

if you run:

locate libsane-hp2000S1

you will get the right place like:

/usr/lib/sane/libsane-hpgt2500-x86_64.so.1.0.22
/usr/lib/sane/libsane-hpgt2500-x86_64.so.1.0.27
/usr/lib/sane/libsane-hpgt2500.so
/usr/lib/sane/libsane-hpgt2500.so.1
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/sane/libsane-hpgt2500.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/sane/libsane-hpgt2500.so.1
/usr/lib64/sane/libsane-hpgt2500-x86_64.so.1.0.22
/usr/lib64/sane/libsane-hpgt2500-x86_64.so.1.0.27
/usr/lib64/sane/libsane-hpgt2500.so
/usr/lib64/sane/libsane-hpgt2500.so.1

now you only have to make a symbolic link:

sudo ln -s /usr/lib /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu

sudo ln -s /usr/lib64 /usr/lib64/x86_64-linux-gnu

run again hp-setup

done


Non-focused windows not responding to mouse clicks

Wow, I think I may have at least found a workaround fix.
I went to system monitor found the Gnome shell and killed it...
One of the Gnome shells was not accessible to me so I killed the other one.
Once I did, I could see my two monitors flash and then my mouse started working again and I could click the Gnome task bar items again.
This is odd, but I thought I'd at least document it.
Gnome version 3.36.3

EDIT - My Attempt to Explain How I Get Into This State
I can recreate the problem with the following steps...

remmina is running (i'm connected to remote desktop that swallows
keyboard commands)
I attempt to take screenshot when over the remote (remmina) window using the following command => $ gnome-screenshot -acf /home/fakepath/Pictures/1.png &

Note: I have a keyboard shortcut that fires the gnome-screenshot command (when I'm floating over the Remmina window that also attempts to grab the keyboard input) I believe this is the issue, because my cursor gets changed into a cross-hair (waiting for the screen grab) but I can never take the screen-grab.
Notice the script runs as a background process.
When I accidentally do this I get into that odd extra shell state and I cannot click the taskbar.
Update
This occurred again today when I was running Remmina and I had to go to System Monitor and kill the gnome-shell so my clicks would be recognized again.  But I noticed an additional thing: When I kill the gnome-shell Remmina is also stopped.  My Remmina remote desktop windows close.
Not casting aspersions upon Remmina because it is a great program, just attempting to add info to see if someone with more info sees the issue and is able to fix it.


Screen turns black but doesn't lock when I press Ctrl+Alt+L

If you create a password in "user accounts" then Ctrl + Alt + L will lock with a password. If you don't want to have to type in a password for log on then simply enable automatic log on. Hope this helps. :)


I don't think you can upgrade from 6.06 LTS to 10.04 LTS. You have to upgrade to 8.04 LTS first, than upgrade to 10.04 LTS. Source


Prevent .deb package from being upgraded

You should change the package name. Not only because there is no good way from your end to prevent an upgrade, but more importantly because users may want to have both versions installed during a transition period. E.g. install the new version, run it on test data for a while, then do the difficult data migration when they've stabilized the new configuration.

Historical example: Apache (I don't remember if Ubuntu had separate Apache 1 and Apache 2 at some point, but Debian definitely did).


cannot install Ubuntu 13.04, install terminates and Windows loads

Try to hit the F8 button a couple of times during startup (right after you turn it on, even before Windows starts). A menu should pop up where you can select where your laptop should start from. From here, select CD/CD-ROM or USB (depending on which medium you try to install Ubuntu from) with your arrow buttons and hit enter.


What rule arranges the selection grid for multiple windows of the same program?

The logic is not very comlpicated, but can indeed give an "at random" impression.
How it works
If we have four application windows:
1, 2, 3, 4

and we pick number [2], it is moved to the end:
1, [2], 3, 4 ---> 1, 3, 4, 2

on the next time, we pick number 1:
[1], 3, 4, 2 ---> 3, 4, 2, 1

so in the end, things are pretty mixed up.
Can we work with fixed positions?
To me it seems unlikely this behaviour can be changed simply.
There is however an alternative: The Unity launcher in 14.04 shows the currently opened windows of an application, in a fixed order.


grub rescue after windows updations mediated

Have a look at this tool it has helped many computers: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


Dualboot Windows 8 and Ubuntu on separate HDD

Yes. Tell GRUB to put the boot loader on the first drive, if it asks. Should be no problem. I have done this with two fixed disks and I am not aware of a reason the SSD and one fixed disk would not work the same way.


The command you need is called badblocks.

To check:

sudo badblocks -v /dev/sde1

This is just to view them and is harmless to execute.

Use sudo dumpe2fs to find out the blocksize. Probably "4096"

And to mark them:

sudo badblocks -c 4096 /dev/sde1 > /home/$USER/badblocks.txt
sudo fsck -l /home/$USER/badblocks.txt /dev/sde1

1st command creates a text file with the bablocks. Harmless. Change the "4096" to what you found.
2nd command uses "fsck" to mark the blocks.


Can I install Ubuntu without DVD, USB or doing a dual install?

If dvd drive can at lesat read CDs - use Minimal installer: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/MinimalCD


Ubuntu 14.04 black screen afters installing prorpietary nvidia drivers

You may have installed a bugged driver. I know on some GPU models, there are 3 to four different proprietary drivers to install. Which results in the black screen of Death. Similar to the black screen of death on Windows where a buggy windows update or an infection "deletes" access to the desktop.

From Nixie Pixel on YouTube, she was able to do a work around. This video is from a while ago and she is using 12.04, however, it should work for 14.04.

YouTube Video


How to allow access to a localhost tcp port to one specific external IP address?

ufw can be used for this.

sudo ufw default deny incoming
sudo ufw allow from 192.168.1.10 to any port 80
sudo ufw enable

will deny all traffic unless allowed, and then add a rule to allow traffic from 192.168.1.10 to port 80 on local machine. Note that this will block new ssh connections, unless you do a

sudo ufw allow ssh

which will open port 22 for incoming from any address.

man ufw in a terminal will bring up the manual page, describing all available options.


Low fps in wine/playonlinux, not changing after changing settings

WINE acts as a software layer between game and the operating system, thereby reducing speed. The problem is bound to exist. Only very high end cards can work well.

I suggest you try out steam games on linux, see if LOL and GW2 are available for linux. I run CS:CZ, CS:GO on ubuntu via steam and they run smoothly.


unattended-upgrades on Ubuntu Server 20.04 not working, stuck in shutdown/wait-for-signal

I figured it out. According to https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/package-management, "To enable automatic updates, edit /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20auto-upgrades and set the appropriate apt configuration options".
This file did not exist on my system. Why? I'm not sure. Perhaps my cloud provider has modified the Ubuntu Server 20.04 image they use to provision. Perhaps it was a bug in the previous version of the unattended-upgrades package. Perhaps I got hacked and they deleted it. I'm not motivated enough to look into it.
So the solution is to create that file. Two easy options:

Copy it from the default file: sudo cp /usr/share/unattended-upgrades/20auto-upgrades /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20auto-upgrades
(WARNING: this will overwrite all existing configuration files for unattended-upgrades) Do a clean reinstall of the package by doing sudo apt purge unattended-upgrades followed by sudo apt install unattended-upgrades. Confirm that the file /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20auto-upgrades now exists.

I went with #2 to be safe.


Cricut design space app alternatives or work-arounds

Definitely use the open-source Inkscape for creation of designs.  Create two files, one for designing, and one where you copy the finished work (with all path combining, union, etc - i.e. the most pure and simple version of your design) and save as another .svg file.  (i.e. LOGOdesign.svg and LOGOcricut.svg.)  You will need a windows or mac computer to upload this with cricut's proprietary web plugin, and keep in mind editing will be minimal once it is in "Design Space".  However, you can save it there, cut from the file, access it from a new android or iOS app, from which you can also cut.

From my research, there is no 3rd-party program that will let you cut with this machine.  Provocraft is using Apple's model whereby they want to limit you to their equipment and software.  Luckily, they do allow you to import your own .svg files, although only by going through their web interface - not ideal, but workable.


If you have spare PC then I would try to use that USB on that spare PC and see if it boots up there. If it boots up there then something is wrong with your laptop otherwise it's an issue with your USB.

If it is USB then I can think of couple of reasons,

Ubuntu copied on USB is screwed up somehow, I would try to create another installation on same USB.
If your USB has U3 support then remove it first and then try it.


There is no mechanism for ejecting a USB device. Unmount it with (in your case umount /dev/sdg1 and manually remove it. (Assuming /dev/sdg1 is the only mounted partition on /dev/sdg). You can verify what partitions are mounted on a device with commands like lsblk and mount | grep sdX where sdX corresponds to your device (in your case sdg).

eject is specifically for removeable media such as Optical, Floppy, tape, ZIP, JAZ drives and is not supported by flash drives at all.

Sources:

man eject


Download the Earth-sunrise theme.
Unpack it
Copy the Earth-sunrise folder to /lib/plymouth/themes/Earth-sunrise.
Note ! Ubuntu 16.04 and later are using /usr/share/plymouth/themes/. More: Unable to use a custom splash screen in Ubuntu 16.04LTS
Change the distro_logo.png and the distro_name.png

Add the Earth-sunrise theme to the Plymouth 'alternatives'.

sudo update-alternatives --install /lib/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth \
default.plymouth /lib/plymouth/themes/Earth-sunrise/Earth-sunrise.plymouth 50

Set the Earth-sunrise theme as the default

sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth

There are 3 choices for the alternative default.plymouth
(providing /lib/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth).

  Selection    Path                                                       Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /lib/plymouth/themes/kubuntu-logo/kubuntu-logo.plymouth     150       auto mode
  1            /lib/plymouth/themes/Earth-sunrise/Earth-sunrise.plymouth   50        manual mode
  2            /lib/plymouth/themes/kubuntu-logo/kubuntu-logo.plymouth     150       manual mode
* 3            /lib/plymouth/themes/my-plymouth/my-plymouth.plymouth       50        manual mode

Press enter to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 1
update-alternatives: using /lib/plymouth/themes/Earth-sunrise/Earth-sunrise.plymouth to provide /lib/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth (default.plymouth) in manual mode.

Update the initramfs

sudo update-initramfs -u

Test the theme (install plymouth-x11 )

Konsole #1

sudo plymouthd --debug --tty=`tty` --no-daemon

Konsole #2

sudo plymouth show-splash

There are two (malformed) test konsoles.

Stopping the test with the command:

sudo plymouth --quit

Reboot

Seems to work at here.

References

Ubuntu Plymouth wiki
Kubuntu Forums Example


The native Gnome backup utility (you should have this already) can do the trick. Yes, duplicity can backup to Google Drive @Organic Marble. So it's an all in one solution and since it's a front-end to rsync, very powerful. I use it daily to back up to network storage, but I've noticed Google Drive as one of the options as are some other cloud solutions.


Ethernet and wireless connection problems

The solution to this was simple enough and anyone with an android phone or any device that supports USB Tethering.. i think will benefit from this.

(This should work as long as your device can currently connect to your wifi)

Simply download USB Tethering app to your device and connect it to your laptop, this will share the connection and give you a wired connection (it did for me)

then you should be able to run the following commands in terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
then typing:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

then

sudo apt-get remove bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

I hope this helps


How to check if all the drivers are installed correctly? And what is the use of graphic card in ubuntu, is it now a waste?

I am a beginner and want to check if all the drivers are installed correctly.

With Linux, drivers are generally shipped as part of the kernel, and you don't really have to worry about it. There's a few instances where this is the case, like for new, yet unsupported wifi cards, and some proprietary drivers for video cards.

If everything works, stop worrying. If something is not working like you expect, investigate the part that is not working.

  Further, I want to know what is the use of graphics card in Ubuntu. I have an Intell graphics card, how can I install its graphics card and what are its benefits.

Intel graphic cards is supported by the stock kernels. The benefits of hardware acceleration is the same in Linux as any other OS - offloading video playback, offloading 3D operations, and so forth.


Syncing between computers / batch download

I don't think what you want can be done. There is no batch download web interface in the Ubuntu One site. However, you can sync multiple (more than two) computers using the Ubuntu One client application in each computer.

Once the new device (computer) is set up, the Ubuntu One client application will download all the files from the web and keep all the computers in sync.

I hope this is helpful.


The Applications screen freezes when I open and close the folder

This problem was reported on Launchpad as Bug #1872268 "Gnome Shell completely freezes in Ubuntu 20.04 when clicking outside of app icon folders (when ubuntu-dock is loaded)".

In comment #25, Rson explained a temporary solution

  I have this same problem. I made a video with the problem and the
  solution here:

  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J3N9lnGMj-8

  The bug is caused by the Ubuntu Dock extension. Changing the extension
  for the dock to not occupy the entire height of the screen solved the
  problem.

  What I did to resolve it was:

  Install dconf

sudo apt install dconf-editor

  Go to /org/gnome/shell/extensions/dash-to-dock/extend-height
  Deselect the "Use default value". And set "Custom value" to "False".