Soft lockup when installing Ubuntu GNOME in virtual machine (Parallels OSX)

Uncheck the "Show Battery in Linux" as shown in this forum:

https://forums.kali.org/showthread.php?71-Parallels-Desktop-7-Installation-(BUG-Soft-Lockup)&p=3642&viewfull=1#post3642


SSH Server cannot be found - Even though installed

It is possible that the service is not called sshd.
you can try this command

systemctl -l --type service --all|grep ssh

On my ubuntu 18.04, the service is called ssh by default.

in my case, I did

sudo systemctl start ssh

If that doesn't solve your problem, you can reinstall ssh

sudo apt-get remove --purge openssh-server
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install openssh-server


Has anyone got "Creative Soundblaster X-Fi Surround 5.1 Pro" - (usb Interface) installed?

I use this sound card. It works out of the box (but I cannot test >2.0) in Ubuntu 10.10 (and it is working in Gentoo, Arch). But it doesn't works with Flash (YouTube,..) out of the box (because it uses ALSA instead of Pulseaudio).
It is also even possible somehow to get it work with OSS4 (used in *BSD, Solaris; available for Linux).


As you correctly mentioned: ClamAV is an on-access virus scanner and not a real-time scanner.

The ClamAV daemon (clamd) can be used for scanning incoming files automatically, (E.g. mails) without having to scan them manually with ClamAV.

Excerpt from the Ubuntu community help wiki:

  Lots of programs, especially e-mail servers, can connect to a ClamAV
  daemon.   This speeds up virus scanning as the program is always in
  memory.

Reference


Cronjob, every 20 minutes. Starting direct after reboot

systemd to the rescue

This is not possible with cron but systemd can do that.
You need to create two systemd units, one that starts your script, and one for the timer.

file /etc/systemd/system/my-fifteen-minutes.timer:

[Unit]
Description=15 minute timer

[Timer]
# start this 0 minutes after boot:
OnBootSec=0 min

# ... and then every 15 minutes:
OnActiveSec=15 min

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

file /etc/systemd/system/my-fifteen-minutes.service (note the different extension):

[Unit]
Description=My script

[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/bin/sh -c "/home/me/skript.sh >> /home/me/out.log 2>&1"
User=me

Put these files in the directory /etc/systemd/system and enable the timer with

# make systemd aware of them
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

# make sure the timer is engaged at startup
sudo systemctl enable my-fifteen-minutes.timer

# start the timer "now" (without rebooting):
sudo systemctl start my-fifteen-minutes.timer

# examine the status:
systemctl status my-fifteen-minutes.timer my-fifteen-minutes.service

The command systemctl status my-fifteen-minutes.timer will show something like

● my-fifteen-minutes.timer - 15 minute timer
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/my-fifteen-minutes.timer; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (waiting) since Sun 2018-07-01 14:42:05 CEST; 1s ago
  Trigger: Sun 2018-07-01 14:57:05 CEST; 14min left

Jul 01 14:42:05 stratum9 systemd[1]: Started 15 minute timer.

This means: The timer was triggered 1s ago and will be triggered again in ~14 minutes (at "Sun 2018-07-01 14:57:05 CEST").

Note that the timer and the service are two different things, and you need to define both. By default, a timer unit starts a service unit with the same name (except for the extension .timer vs. service), i.e. foo.timer would control foo.service (you can override that, though). The timer unit just defines when something happens to the service unit, and the service unit defines the actual action (in your case: start the script /home/me/skript.sh).

Further reading:

timers: https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.timer.html
services: https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.service.html
units (applies to both timers and services): https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.unit.html


I don't know if there's a thumbnail browsing command, but given the spec, it should simple to write a script that does the job.

For example, save the following file as find-thumbnail.sh, and make it executable (chmod +x find-thumbnail.sh):

#! /bin/bash

shopt -s nullglob

for i
do
    # If the path isn't absolute, make it absolute using the current directory
    if [[ $i != /* ]]
    then
        i="$PWD/$i"
    fi
    MD5=$(printf "%s" "file://$i" | md5sum)
    echo "$i": $HOME/.cache/thumbnails/*/${MD5%% *}.png
done

Then you can call it like so:

/path/to/find-thumbnail.sh path/to/pic1 /abs/path/to/pic2 ...

Running from home directory:

$ find Pictures -type f -exec ./find-thumbnail.sh {} +
...
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01784.JPG:
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01794.JPG:
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01774.JPG: /home/muru/.cache/thumbnails/normal/9d1b8617ec112724e8d4024ac901fc85.png
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01751.JPG: /home/muru/.cache/thumbnails/normal/b25714b794e868f0f6ac380a0e91fa2f.png
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01769.JPG: /home/muru/.cache/thumbnails/normal/6c4d62ae9f905f8e4d5053d29f55c182.png
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01753.JPG: /home/muru/.cache/thumbnails/normal/6a86f8da81c587d79796704cf8e6ef46.png
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01819.JPG:
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01776.JPG: /home/muru/.cache/thumbnails/normal/32ddbc8ce801294552ae9ef80eb482d4.png
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01827.JPG:
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01778.JPG: /home/muru/.cache/thumbnails/normal/98d95271946a22076f7bc4b4e4c3850e.png
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01813.JPG:
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01787.JPG:
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01801.JPG:
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01807.JPG:
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01788.JPG:
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/03/DSC01816.JPG:
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/02/DSC01737.JPG: /home/muru/.cache/thumbnails/normal/dc6e011ab1215201e2c29121b8285559.png
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/02/DSC01736.JPG: /home/muru/.cache/thumbnails/normal/ea0429331a9088a8d3502e8c544cd678.png
/home/muru/Pictures/2015/10/DSC_0176.JPG: /home/muru/.cache/thumbnails/normal/3efeacfc11c2754584238f1d963b9297.png


How can I automatically open an url in firefox and click on a specific position on the page?

Scandalously dirty, but perfectly working

...is the script below.

I tested it to run firefox, opening the AsUbuntu site, then automatically press the link to open my profile page. Since your password is stored in your browser, in your case pressing the button is sufficient to log in.

How it works in practice

15 seconds after login (your Ubuntu user account), the script:

opens firefox
waits for the window to appear
moves to the url you defined
moves the mouse to the button's coordinates and presses the button

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python
import subprocess
import time

# --- set the link below
url = "http://askubuntu.com"
# --- set the mouseposition to click on below
xmouse = 858; ymouse = 166
# --- don't change anything below

appcommand = ["firefox", url]

def run(cmd):
    subprocess.Popen(cmd)
    time.sleep(0.2)

def get(cmd):
    return subprocess.check_output(cmd).decode("utf-8").strip()

def run_firefox():
    run(appcommand)
    while True:
        time.sleep(1)
        try:
            pid = get(["pgrep", "firefox"])
        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
            pass
        else:
            time.sleep(0.1)
            w = [l.split()[0] for l in get(["wmctrl", "-lp"]).splitlines() if pid in l][0]
            break
    return w

w = run_firefox()

cmd1 = ["xdotool", "windowsize", w, "100%", "100%"]
cmd2 = ["xdotool", "mousemove", str(xmouse), str(ymouse)]
cmd3 = ["xdotool", "click", "1"]

for cmd in [cmd1, cmd2]:
    run(cmd)
time.sleep(3)
run(cmd3)

How to setup

The script needs both wmctrl and xdotool

sudo apt-get install xdotool wmctrl

Copy the script into an empty file, safe it as run_login.py
Now the trickiest part:

open your browser move to the page to log in
place the mouse on the button to be pressed (don't press)
press Ctrl+T to open a terminal
type the command xdotool getmouselocation
read the coordinates and set them in the head section of the script:

xmouse = 856; ymouse = 165

set the url of your login page:

url = "http://askubuntu.com"

Test- run it (with no ff window open) by the command:

python /path/to/run_login.py

If all works fine, add it to Startup Applications: Dash > Startup Applications > Add. Add the command:

/bin/bash -c "sleep 15 && python /path/to/run_login.py"

Important note

Since the button is clicked on the page by its coordinates, it will only work as long as the pagelayout is unchanged. In case of changes, you need to redefine te location, as set in the head of the script.


Can I replace disk containing /home without reinstalling Ubuntu?

Answer is yes, you don't need to re-install OS. You can create a new partition (block device like /dev/sdb2) and use it for /home. You can also copy the data in old /home over if you have a good backup or the old home is still readable.

In your case, it seems that the old /home (disk) became faulty. You want to use a new partition or new disk for /home. It is fine and you don't need to re-install the OS.

Steps in brief (recommend doing this using a LIVE CD, you don't HAVE TO though):

create partition for /home
create file system (e.g. ext4) => mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2
mount it as /home => for example => mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb2 /home
mount your old home if it is still mountable, e.g. mount -t fs_type /dev/sdaX /mnt/old_home otherwise you'll have to restore data from a good backup
Use rsync to copy data, e.g. from a backup mounted as /backup/home rsync -axHAX --progress --verbose /backup/home/ /home
Remember to edit your /etc/fstab and update the block device/FS for new /home

Reboot and you should be good to go;-)


How do i remove files from my ubuntu one folder

If your Ubuntu Account is set to be synced with the desktop then navigate to Home folder -> Ubuntu One folder. Deleting/adding files there will sync it with the cloud. Else, you could always used the web-interface - UbuntuOne, log in with your credentials and modify the required files as you please there.


Kubuntu 15.10, doubling on-screen display of sound bar after updating from kde4

Thats because you are using both kmix and plasma-pa app, you can disable one of them during boot or just uninstall one of them.

If you want the bottom bar to disappear then you can uninstall kmix :

sudo apt-get remove --purge kmix


How to install g++ 5.1 on Ubuntu desktop 15.04 64-bit?

I have not tested it on Ubuntu 15.04 but this is how I installed it on Ubuntu 14.04 from a PPA.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install gcc-5 g++-5
sudo update-alternatives
sudo update-alternatives --remove-all gcc
sudo update-alternatives --remove-all g++
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-5 20
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-5 20
sudo update-alternatives --config gcc
sudo update-alternatives --config g++

Alternatively you can download it and compile from source. I used to do that earlier, but it take a little bit more time.


The special characters and spaces are throwing things off.
Try these...
osu.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=osu!
GenericName=osu!
Exec=wine "/home/geixco/Games/osu/osu.exe"
Icon="/home/geixco/Games/osu/osu.png"
Terminal=false

ut99.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=UT99
GenericName=UT99
Exec=wine "/home/geixco/Games/Unreal Tournament 1999/System/UnrealTournament.exe"
Icon="/home/geixco/Games/Unreal Tournament 1999/ico.png"
Terminal=false

postnote: Placing the .desktop files in /usr/share/applications/ makes them available to all users. Best to move them to ~/.local/share/applications.


How to resolve booting problem in my system(14.04)?

Since it's a new hard drive, you might need to set the correct boot device order in your BIOS. Make sure your new hard drive comes before any other hard drives.


Make Ready Live USB

Again download Ubuntu12.04 (32bit) from ubuntu official website.
Try different USB flash drive (atleast 4GB) and format in FAT32 system.
Download unetbootin-windows-494( or Universal-USB-Installer-1.8.1.7).
Run unetbootin.
In Unetbootin window  by default “Distribution” selected, Select Diskimage and click browsing button and select the ubuntu ISO image file(already downloaded)
Select the USB drive by drop down menu and press OK.
Continue to proceed next until finish.
Now Ubuntu installation Live USB is ready.

Windows partition

For installing Ubuntu as dual boot with windows7, In windows7 disk management shrink your C drive more than 20GB. If you can't shrink C drive using windows disk management then use EaseUs partition master in windows7 for shrinking C drive more than 20GB.The link for Easeus partition master:http://www.filehippo.com/download_easeus_partition_master_home/
Insert Ubuntu Live USB and restart your computer, While restarting keep pressing ESC/F2/F9/F12 depending on your bios set up and select booting with USB.
In the booting option select try ubuntu. If you feel Ubuntu is working well then Click Install Ubuntu in the Harddrive.
Select the option Installing along with Windows7, then Ubuntu will use the unallocated disk space earlier created using Easeus partition Master.


The utility hdparm is IMHO the best tool for this job. Simply run as follows:

sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda

and you will have more than enough information on your HDD. There are many options available (see in the reference at the base of this post), I have given:

-I   Detailed/current information directly from drive

hdparm is part of a default installation on Trusty Tahr so no extra installation required...

References:

hdparm man pages


make: ***No rule to make target 'install'. when trying to install plib-1.8.5

For me it seems that you do unnecessary things. Ubuntu repository have all Portability Libraries - check search on packages.ubuntu.com.

The Portability Libraries: Development package is available in all Ubuntu versions and named as libplib-dev.

You can install it with:

sudo apt install libplib-dev

and as the result you will get the same version 1.8.5.
After its installation you should follow your instruction further.

So you should always use search on https://packages.ubuntu.com before compiling stuff by your own.

If you really need to compile library by yourself then read text below.
As @AtomiX84 wrote you should ensure that ./configure was finished without errors. It is comprehensive script which checks the systems for all needed build tools (compiler, linker and so on) and build-dependencies (headers and libraries).
APT can help you here - it has special command to get build-dependencies
sudo apt-get build-dep libplib-dev and after running of this command the ./configure script will not fail.


How to make the volume change more gradually?

If the volume slider seems off, you may try adjusting the volume in alsamixer first (should be set to middle for volume I believe).

In terminal type

alsamixer

and then use your arrow keys to adjust the volume that way, check to be sure your volume slider isn't already all the way at the top, throwing things off.  I try to get mine to be around even with my volume slider and then adjust volume a few times to make sure everything works correctly.


Unable to play videos (mp4) with VLC nor Parole

For Parole, you should install the various suggested gstreamer plugins pacakages gstreamer1.0-libav, gstreamer1.0-vaapi, gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad and gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly, and hopefully that fixes the missing video playback.
For VLC, open Tools > Preferences and switch to the Video tab and change the Display Output drop down from Automatic to something else and see which one works for you.
If VLC isn't playing perfectly out of the box, it sounds like possibly your graphics driver isn't working as it should. If you have an NVidia graphics card and are using the open source graphics driver, you may want to consider switch to the proprietary graphics drivers in the 'Additional Drivers' app.


Update: as of 14.10 utopic, there is a semi-working driver included by default, but it frequently disconnects and has difficulty reconnecting.  The best solution is to continue to build the lwfinger driver as described below and then blacklist the driver included in Ubuntu.

That how-to link is outdated; the latest version of the rtl8723au wireless driver can be found at https://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8723au.

In preparation we'll need some build tools and kernel headers:

sudo apt-get install git build-essential linux-headers-generic linux-headers-$(uname -r)

Here are the steps to install:

git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8723au.git
cd rtl8723au/
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe 8723au

When you update the kernel, you'll need to run these steps again to get wireless working (except for the git clone).  To fetch the latest version of the code, use git pull. Alternatively you can set up DKMS to do that for you as described in user20826's answer.

The bluetooth driver for that chip can then be found at https://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8723au_bt. Perform the preparation as above and install like this:

git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8723au_bt.git
cd rtl8723au_bt/
make
sudo make install


Enable the touchscreen of a Mediacom WinPad W700

The silead_ts.fw is for this deprecated project https://github.com/onitake/gslx680-acpi.
You should use at least the https://github.com/onitake/gsl-firmware/blob/master/firmware/trekstor/surftab7new/firmware.fw, fimrware only extracted and not modified for the old project.

But you must use this https://github.com/onitake/gsl-firmware/blob/master/firmware/linux/silead/gsl1686-surftab-wintron70-st70416-6.fw ,put the file in /lib/firmware/silead(create the folder silead). Also made a copy with the name mssl1680.fw (backup firmware).

Now follow this guide for recompile the kernel https://debian-handbook.info/browse/squeeze/sect.kernel-compilation.html.
Use apt-cache search ^linux-source to find the source for the kernel (as the guide explains).

In the silead_dmi.c file add:

static const struct property_entry mediacom_w700_props[] = {
    PROPERTY_ENTRY_U32("touchscreen-size-x", 884),
    PROPERTY_ENTRY_U32("touchscreen-size-y", 632),
    PROPERTY_ENTRY_STRING("firmware-name",
                  "gsl1686-surftab-wintron70-st70416-6.fw"),
    PROPERTY_ENTRY_U32("silead,max-fingers", 10),
    PROPERTY_ENTRY_BOOL("silead,home-button"),
    { }
};

And most important in the DMI_MATCH add:

 {
        /* Mediacom WinPad 7.0 W700 */
        .driver_data = (void *)&surftab_wintron70_st70416_6_data,
        .matches = {
            DMI_MATCH(DMI_SYS_VENDOR, "MEDIACOM"),
                DMI_MATCH(DMI_PRODUCT_NAME, "WinPad 7 W10 - WPW700"),
        },
    },


What are the benefits of using Grub2 over Grub?

GRUB 2's major improvements over the original GRUB include:

New configuration file structure
Scripting support including conditional statements and functions
Dynamic module loading
Rescue mode
Themes
Graphical boot menu support and improved splash capability
Boot Ubuntu LiveCD and some other ISO images directly from hard drive
Non-X86 platform support (such as PowerPC)
Universal support for UUIDs (not just Ubuntu)
Improved internationalization, including support for non-ASCII characters


Second display very buggy (delayed response)

This is probably because of the recently added support for nvidia optimus. A few months ago, a second display wouldn't work at all. I've got the same delays on my 2nd monitor.

I guess there's no solution for this atm, we just have to wait for better support and drivers.

EDIT: If you're using HDMI!


emit signal with custom type objects array parameter from c++ and receive in qml

I've got it!
This article explains how to do it perfectly

The solution is inserting TestType's in a QVariantList by using qVariantFromValue method. Then, the signal uses QVariantList as the type for all parameters that are lists

TestType *tt = new TestType(this);
QVariantList list;
list.append(qVariantFromValue((TestType*)tt));
Q_EMIT mySignal(list);

the signal is declared so:

Q_SIGNALS:
  void mySignal(QVariantList list);

Then, it can be read perfectly from qml:

onMySignal: {
    console.log("name of first TestType in list: " + list[0].name;
}


Will the "hibernate" feature ever be restored?

Hibernate is still there in 12.04, it's just disabled by default. See How to enable hibernation in 12.04? for how to enable it.

I don't know about the future plans but I guess it will stay this way unless it works reliable. In in the current version of 12.10 it's still disabled by default.


You could try Boot repair.

(live-USB solution worked for me and required no technical knowledge.)


Create bootable partition and storage partition on external SSD

This is possible using Gparted. Since you want it to be a portable bootable disk, I would recommend to use MBR partition for backward compatibility.


custom .desktop entry to launch Minecraft not working

I have found the solution to my problem after a little more experimenting:

I needed the script in a default PATH area, because it seems that .bashrc does not run before the .desktop Exec occurs.  So what this means is that instead of having my minecraft script in my ~/Desktop/scripts folder (which is added to my path in .bashrc), I placed the script in /usr/local/sbin.

So I hope this might help anyone else wanting to make an awesome Minecraft icon!


How to uninstall app downloaded from site with .deb extension?

If Visual Studio Code was installed from a .deb package it would be listed in Synaptic package manager, but it is not visible in Synaptic. Open the terminal and type:
sudo snap remove code

You can also list all installed snap packages by running snap list and check if the code snap package is installed by running snap list | grep code .


First up, dist-upgrade does not change the version of Ubuntu - it's just a modified upgrade task that will add and remove packages if required (upgrade won't). If you want to move to a newer release look at do-release-upgrade.

Second, and more relevantly, if you're using a Python stack, and you depend on having certain versions of parts of that stack, after years of testing I would strongly recommend using pip and virtualenv to containerise your whole Python environment.

It's a bit more learning but a lot less stress when the underlying Ubuntu does change.

Installing PyMC in a virtualenv is a bit more than a pip install but not much more:

sudo apt-get install ipython python-dev gfortran libatlas-base-dev build-essential
# activate your virtualenv now
pip install matplotlib scipy numpy networkx nose pymc

Note this is just one of a hundred million different ways of installing this manually. For simplicity you could just install straight into Ubuntu's system site packages. It's a similar process but you can offload most of the packages to Ubuntu repo packages instead.


How to set up pgadmin4 with nginx in ubuntu 16.04?

You've really only got a handful of options here.

(1) Use nginx and a backend that runs the pgAdmin4.py Python file.  Whether this is Unicorn, or uwsgi launched, and you proxy_pass or similar to the backend in nginx is up to you, however this is one option.

(2) Launch pgAdmin4.py (doesn't matter if it's SERVER_MODE = True or SERVER_MODE = False), run it on the standard localhost:5050 port, and then set up nginx to proxy_pass all requests to the configured domain/hostname to pass off to the backend, with:

location / {
    proxy_pass http://localhost:5050;
}

... or similar.

Beyond that there's not really much you can do otherwise to get pgAdmin4.py to work with nginx.  (I use the second of these options on my laptop, with a customized configuration and pgAdmin4 launched as a dedicated system user)


Can't use WiFi in my Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS desktop

There is no known native Linux driver for your 10ec:8190 device.

Drivers are typically developed either directly by or in conjunction with the device chipset manufacturer, in this case, Realtek. They have provided no driver for this device.

The alternative used to be to use Windows XP driver files and the ndiswrapper mechanism. However, ndiswrapper is poorly supported and hasn't worked properly on any recent Ubuntu version for many years.

The direct answer to your question is that there is no solution at all, including ndiswrapper, to make this work.

I suggest that you purchase another fully supported USB wireless device.

Additional resource: https://github.com/linuxhw/HWInfo/blob/master/README.md#netwireless-pci


Firefox global application menu in Classic Desktop?

make sure you have firefox-globalmenu installed AND disable firefox's new menu that appears folded at the top left corner of firefox's main window.
HERE http://mozcom-cdn.mozilla.net/img/covehead/features/screen-firefoxbutton-linux.png is a screenshot of the menu i'm talking about


A server that does not start on reboot has serious problems =)

Kernel updates require a reboot, and from what you described, it sounds as if a new kernel has been installed and by default Ubuntu will boot the most recent kernel when you reboot.

You can check this by looking at the kernels listed in /boot and/or at the grub menu (/boot/grub/grub.cfg)

There is no reason to suspect rebooting into a new kernel will cause problems, but if it does post back.


https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/precise/+source/oprofile/0.9.6-1.3ubuntu1

http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=653168

  Date: Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:56:55 +0100

  Source: oprofile
  Severity: serious

  oprofile seems like a candidate for removal:

  Last maintainer upload in 2009
  No followup to security or RC bugs from the maintainers
  Low popcon
  Alternatives exist (perf)
  Depends on legacy libs (604366)
  Broken wih current kernels (615964)

  Unless there're objections/fixes, I'll file a removal bug in a month.


Ubuntu 18.10 Enable Remote Desktop for root

just an idea but worth trying...

Issue 1 - Allow root Login

I think that by default xrdp does not allow root to perform remote desktop connection.... you should have a look at the following file  /etc/xrdp/sesman.ini and check if there is any AllowRootLogin option.  Set the value to 1,true or yes to enable root login on terminal server

Issue 2 - XRDP UBUNTU DESKTOP Theme Issue

For your desktop issue for normal users; this is a know issue. Please have a look at this post (http://c-nergy.be/blog/?p=12155) which will explain why the behavior occurs and how you can fix it... When performing an xrdp connection, you basically starting with a default gnome desktop experience, you have to execute some commands in order to configure your desktop and have a similar look n feel in xrdp.

Note also that a script that automate the installation process for xrdp exists and can be found here (http://c-nergy.be/blog/?p=12761).  This script is valid for Ubuntu 18.xx systems. Please always check for latest script version

Hope this help
Till next time


Epson L575 printer does not print on Ubuntu

I don't know why the autodiscovery fails but I got it to work with the IPP URI. I just to add /ipp/printer after the IP. So, the address that was

ipp://192.168.0.33

changed to

ipp://192.168.0.33/ipp/printer

Here is a screenshot from where I change it:


Ubuntu Server 12.04 as a router. Problem with DNS?? Or Routing table?

I assume you are using bridged mode in the vbox adapter that you want to connect to internet in ubuntu server. And have ip_forward=1 set in your sysctl.

Probably your ubuntu server isn't configured to do NAT and the gateway (10.69.121.1) doesn't have your internal network(192.168.83.0) in his routing table, so that's why, you send ping to internet but don't recieve.
You have two solutions:

Configure route on your gateway to you internal network
Configure your ubuntu server to do NAT.

I personally prefer the 2nd option. To do that, you need to use iptables. In your case you want to translate everything that comes out on interface eth0, so the command is:

  iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE.


Why isn't Mozilla SeaMonkey available in the repositories? How can I install it?

SeaMonkey was removed of the repositories, seen in the publishing history, for the following reason:

  requested by micahg; unsupportable for five years without dedicated maintenance, contact #ubuntu-mozillateam to help; LP: #987713

This means, that since Ubuntu can't offer support for 5 years to the package they decided to remove it. Looking at the bug report we see more details:

  Since we have no one stepping up at the moment to maintain this for 5 years, I think it makes the most sense to remove it from precise. We can always backport from later releases if someone volunteers to help with this.

  For volunteers, please join #ubuntu-mozillateam on irc.ubuntu.com to discuss.

They offer a way to still installing the package, but in this case there's no support from Ubuntu:

  SeaMonkey package is available in Ubuntuzilla depot (tested successfully on Ubuntu 13.04):

  To install, type the following commands:

echo -e "\ndeb http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/ubuntuzilla/mozilla/apt all main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com C1289A29
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install seamonkey-mozilla-build

  More info: SourceForge.net: ubuntuzilla

  Alternatively, you may use Joe Lesko's PPA ( Seamonkey Development )but it doesn't support Raring Ringtail yet.

  I really hope that someone will step up to maintain this high profile software. I wish I had the time to do it... :-/

If you really wants this package again in the main repositories, you should join and see what you can do to help.


External Hard drive gets slow while copying lots of data

Seems that you have connected external drive to USB2 port. USB2 have more computational overhead and slower speed than USB3, if you have USB3 - connect drive to that port.

Use lsusb -t command to find out wire speed of hard drive.

And, by the way - if it is regular hard drive, not SSD - you are limited by physics. Conventional HDDs are able to read or write from one physical location at time. If you ask to do multiple reads /  writes - heads need to be repositioned frequently, it affects overall reading / writing speed.

====
Author pointed out to hardware problem - see comments.


Why do I get unmet dependencies errors when installing Nvidia 418 drivers on Ubuntu 18.04?

Seems to be some sort of conflict between the nvidia-driver-390 package that I had already installed. If I first remove the existing Nvidia driver package as follows, installation of the nvida-driver-418 package proceeds without complaint:

$ sudo apt remove nvidia-driver-390 && sudo apt autoremove


Recording sounds straight from sound card

here is a quick and dirty way I've used in the past based on the following link

First you need to get a little script and make sure you have a sound utility installed...

cd ~ ; mkdir bin ;cd bin
sudo apt-get install sox
wget http://outflux.net/software/pa-clone
chmod u+x pa-clone ;cd ~

Now, record something and press CRTL-C to stop :

 pa-clone output.wav


It seems that I had the parameter for xinit wrong.
The following is correct:

1) login as a user on the laptop to activate the wifi with a stored key.

2) goto a console Ctrl-Alt-F1

3) do a xterm -- :2 to bring up a blank xterm session

4) ssh -Y user@desktopmachine gnome-session


Dell XPS 15Z - 64 Bit OS not installing, but a 32 bit OS will install

Try using the Alternate CD (only aviable for 12.04 and older).


Joseph Sible-Reinstate Monica answer the question here:

  When you use subprocess.run with shell=True, Python starts a shell
  process that in turn starts your process. This means that it executes
  sh -c "pkill -9 -f 'java.*7104'". The pkill process only has
  special protections to avoid matching itself, not to avoid matching
  its parent process. You need to adjust your regex to not match itself.
  Putting a ^ before java is probably the easiest way to do that,
  like this:

subprocess.run("pkill -9 -f '^java.*7104'", shell=True)


Websites not loading on Ubuntu with different browsers

Seems issue was caused by bug in Tenda W1801R router firmware.  (Strange it was affecting Linux clients only.)

I re-flashed with Tenda firmware (several version) but issue continued.  Finally, flashed with Advanced Tomato firmware and issue is no longer occurring.


I can see the make and model of my monitor in  in /var/log/Xorg.0.log. However, it is output by the video driver, so I am not sure it is universal:

[    26.795] (II) RADEON(0): Monitor name: DELL U2412M

If that does not work, install edid-decode and point it to /sys/class/drm/*/edid as its manual suggests:

ls /sys/class/drm/*/edid | xargs -n 1 edid-decode | grep Manufacturer:


There is no risk to using the three manually installed missing dependency .deb packages from Ubuntu 18.10 in Ubuntu 19.04, even though the Ubuntu 18.10 packages will not be updated by the Software Updater.

The xmind snap package of XMind 2020 can be installed from Ubuntu Software or from the terminal in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu with the following command:

sudo snap install xmind

XMind has a proprietary license, but the xmind snap package is free software. For now, there is no time limit for the trial version and you can get access to most the features of XMind 2020, but the trial version is only available for personal use as all the exported files will have a watermark of XMind trial mode.


Change folder icon of multiple folders, Music albums

There are two ways to achieve what you want. First one is merely a shortcut
all you need to do is click on the folder and click Ctrl + I which would take you to the properties screen. skipping 2 steps in your described operation. this is logical for some folders but if you're talking about 100's of folders then I'd suggest you to go with second approach

Second way is a little bit complicated. it adds a right click option in nautilus (your files app) to set folder icon to all the current directories in a single click. It'll choose first image found in folder as folder icon.
This script was written by Jacob Vlijm and was originally posted here.
Open gedit text editor, and paste the script in the blank gedit page.

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import os

# --- set the list of valid extensions below (lowercase)
# --- use quotes, *don't* include the dot!
ext = ["jpg", "jpeg", "png", "gif", "icns", "ico"]
# ---

# retrieve the path of the targeted folder
current = os.getenv("NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI").replace("file://", "").replace("%20", " ")
dr = os.path.realpath(current)

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(dr):
    for directory in dirs:
        folder = os.path.join(root, directory)
        try:
            first = min(p for p in os.listdir(folder)
                        if p.split(".")[-1].lower() in ext)
        except ValueError:
            pass
        else:
              subprocess.Popen([
                  "gvfs-set-attribute", "-t", "string",
                  os.path.abspath(folder), "metadata::custom-icon",
                  "file://"+os.path.abspath(os.path.join(folder, first))
                  ])

When saving select this path for saving this newly created file, /home/sundar/.local/share/nautilus/scripts
Keep the file name as set_foldericon without extension
Now open your files app (nautilus) and go to /home/sundar/.local/share/nautilus/scripts
You should see a file named set_foldericon
Now right click on that file, select Properties then select Permissions and click on Allow executing file as program
Now log out and log back in
Now go to the folder where your music album's are stored
Right click on a folder you should see second option as Scripts select the option named Set foldericon
Reload by pressing F5
Your albums should have cover arts now


That happened to my system also and so long as the HDD light isn't flickering I issued a SUDO REBOOT command to reset and see if everything had updated properly and worked ok, failing that I was going to re-install...


The error says "No module named libxml2". So I assume that this software depends on it, but as you installed it without using a package manager, the dependency couldn't be satisfied automatically.

So you can ask APT to show you packages related to libxml2 using

apt-cache search libxml2

which will give you a list of packages and short descriptions. As you will be able to see, there is a match named: python-libxml2 - Python bindings for the GNOME XML library.

Install it using sudo apt-get install python-libxml2 and then retry executing the software you installed manually. If further dependency errors occur, try to solve them as described.


How to check if a folder is empty or not and use its content in an if-then-else-statement?

I'd suggest something that doesn't rely on the string output of ls - for example, testing if there are any results of a glob expansion:
#!/bin/bash

shopt -s nullglob       # don't return literal glob if matching fails
shopt -s dotglob        # make * match "almost all" like ls -A

set -- /mnt/mamdrive/"As Metadata"/*

if (( $# > 0 )); then
  echo "not empty"
else
  echo "empty"
fi

If you want to test whether two directories are both empty, you can simply glob both of them:
set -- /mnt/mamdrive/"As Metadata"/* /mnt/mamdrive/"As Video"/*


Running testdisk off a 14.04 Live USB without internet access

Try this:

chmod +x testdisk_static

Then:

./testdisk_static


Swap partition is being corrupted by running Ubuntu from a USB stick

Comment out the line in /etc/crypttab on your flash drive install.

If you set up encryption on your flash drive install, then it looked for swap and securely wiped it. The actual swap definition is in /etc/crypttab and refers to a device rather than a UUID like you'll see in /etc/fstab on a non-encrypted Ubuntu install.

If this is true, it should probably be a bug. Because you probably didn't tell it to use the swap partition on your netbook during the install process (default is "Don't use")


How to *Fully* Automate an Ubuntu Install?

I don't think that there is a short way to do automation to anything, especially when we talk about OS!

There will be a number of cases, such as partitioning the disk, only if it will wipe the whole drive and just copy paste the System files without any other consideration.

Well, you are right when mentioning Shell scripting as a solution to this  because that is why we do coding since the early ages of technology, but I advice you to have a look at this link before you really want to dive into this really WIDE stuff - FAI Project.

It says :

  It's a tool for unattended mass deployment of Linux. You can take one or more virgin PC's, turn on the power, and after a few minutes, the systems are installed, and completely configured to your exact needs, without any interaction necessary.

In  practice Fully Automatic Installation XUbuntu


Indicator Panel / System Tray Missing after upgrade to 16.04 LTS?

While this isn't the direct fix that I wanted using Unity, it does work...

If you run the following:

startx
Open a terminal
In the terminal type gnome-panel &
In the terminal type compiz

You will now have a clock, a tray, the applications menu, a taskbar, and borders you can drag your windows around with.


Ambiance GTK theme customisation *just* for one user

It is possible.

Start by installing Gnome Tweak Tool.
Create a .themes folder in the Home folder of the user if it doesn't exist.
Copy the /usr/share/themes/Ambiance folder to the .themes folder.
Rename it to My_Ambiance or something else.
Log out and in again with the user you want to modify.
Modify the theme as you wish (I modified the css files manually)
Open Gnome Tweak Tool and select My_Ambiance


The (very small piece of) good news: Ejecting the disc early did not cause your problems. Don't beat yourself up over that.

The rest is bad news, I'm afraid. Your hard disk is, in technical terms, a complete and utter mess. :-(

Your /dev/sda1, /dev/sda2, and /dev/sda4 are all of type 0x42. This type is also identified as "SFS" by fdisk, although that acronym actually refers to a use that's no longer common -- it's really a Windows 2000 (and later) dynamic disk (aka logical disk manager, or LDM), which is similar to (but incompatible with) the Linux logical volume manager (LVM).

In any event, my guess is that you started with an LDM configuration in Windows, but either you or the Ubuntu installer didn't correctly identify it as such. Instead, either you or the Ubuntu installer tried to resize the LDM partitions as if they were plain filesystems to make room for Ubuntu. This was a BIG mistake, because it damaged the LDM setup and may have damaged the filesystems contained within it. This resulted in a trashed Windows installation. What's more, your hopes of a full recovery are slim (but not nonexistent).

As a first step, I suggest you back up all your data files that you can actually read. Do this from Linux and/or Windows emergency tools. If you can't find all your files, do a low-level backup of your entire hard disk to another one, as in:

sudo dd if=/dev/sda of=/path/to/big/space/backup.img

You'll obviously need a big disk to hold the backup; in this example it's mounted at /path/to/big/space. If an attempted repair makes matters worse (and there's a double-digit probability that it will), you'll be able to restore things to the current state from the backup.

Once you've got backups, I recommend you boot an emergency disk and delete all your partitions. You can then use TestDisk to try to recover your original NTFS volumes. You may need to fiddle with TestDisk options to get it to recover the right filesystems; do not let it recover any Linux filesystem, since the Linux filesystem may well be overwriting critical NTFS data, and it's the NTFS data you need to recover. This process is unlikely to work completely, but there's a chance that you'll be able to recover at least one filesystem. It may be damaged, though, in which case you'll have to recover it from Windows. Even if you get back a filesystem, some files may be corrupt or lost.

If this process fails, your last-resort recovery effort (assuming you don't have existing backups) is to use PhotoRec or some similar tool to do a file-level recovery. The last I checked, PhotoRec didn't do a good job of recovering filenames, so you'll have to sift through files individually to figure out what they are. This will be tedious. I've seen claims that there are commercial Windows tools that do a better job of recovering filenames from NTFS volumes, so you may want to look into such options instead of PhotoRec. I don't know much about these alternatives, though, so I can't recommend a specific product. You might want to ask about this on a Windows forum.

As a side note, Windows creates LDM configurations without warning when you create more than four partitions on a disk. If your disk had over four "partitions" (really logical volumes) when you started, it had LDM to begin with. If you created new partitions for Linux by using a Windows tool, though, that triggered this whole chain of events. Rule #1 when preparing to install Linux on a system that uses Windows is to not use Windows tools to create Linux partitions. You can use the Windows tools to shrink the Windows partition, but leave that free space unallocated; let the Linux installer create its own partitions in the unallocated space.

EDIT: I just noticed that your fdisk and lsblk outputs are inconsistent about what's what; fdisk suggests that Linux is installed to /dev/sda3, but lsblk suggests it's installed to /dev/sda2. I wrote the above based largely on the fdisk output, but lsblk is probably more trustworthy. Nonetheless, the broad strokes of what I wrote probably still apply.


Please try:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8192du.git
cd rtl8192du
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe 8192du

I have recommended that you install the latest version that I have tested through 'make' rather than correct your error on an unknown older version. The error is probably that there is a space in the name! ~/Desktop/RTL8192DU Driver. You might be able to correct it by renaming the folder to: ~/Desktop/RTL8192DU_Driver. I did not propose this at the outset, since I recommend that you use a later version from git.


Problems reading a 4GB SDHC but I can read a 8GB SDHC

If you are having the same problems as you are on Windows in Ubuntu, this is appeares to be a hardware problem. I researched it and could find no one else with the same problem as you have, on either operating system. I would contact dell support about this one.


how to type in two languages in ubuntu 13.10?

System Settings... → Keyboard Layout → (click on "+" to Add new Language layouts)
Options... → (click on) "Key(s) to change layout" → (tick) "Left Alt+Left Shift" → Close

This answer from How to switch language keyboard combination?

Hope this helps (آمل أن يساعدك هذا)


Absolutely. Go to System Settings > User Accounts and turn on automatic login. That’s it.

Note that you should unlock on the right top corner before you could change user accounts.


You cannot circumvent authentication by exploiting this bug.

But SSH allows you to restrict what commands a user can run, e.g. by using ForceCommand in sshd_config. By exploiting this bug a user can circumvent this restriction and run any command she/he wants.


How to apply TRIM to an NTFS partition on an SSD drive?

As far as I know it is not possible.

The mount option discard is not available for NTFS partitions.

Furthermore, the command fstrim does not support NTFS, returns an error message if you try to trim an NTFS partition:

user@host:~$ fstrim -v /dos
fstrim: /dos: FITRIM ioctl failed: Inappropriate ioctl for device


Is it possible to manage non-gui nodes with a separate node with GUI?

First of all, thank you for the clarification.  I will first tackle the "accessing files" part.  Personally, I'd just script the nodes in such a way that the processed data would be pushed to a central fileserver instead, but... that's not your question.  You could install Samba on each of the nodes and use typical Windows shares, but there is an easier way.  I assume that, by now, you are familiar with ssh to connect to your nodes to access their command line?  Well, this service encompasses a whole file server service.

Open the Ubuntu file manager (Cabinet logo in the "Dock").  You will notice ( on the bottom left hand side something called "Connect to Server".  It is highlighted in the screenshot below.  I'm using Ubuntu 16.04, it might look slightly different on older version.  If you don't find it, I can look it up on 14.04.

Now double click that and you'll get the following interface.  The interface in Ubuntu 12.04 was so much better because it guided you.  Now you need to know exactly what to type.  It's idiotic, but still.  If you know what to type, it's easy.  Big "if" obviously.

So what do you type.  Basically, a URL to a resource on the network.  To use a Windows Share (Samba in Linux nomenclature), you'd type smb://nameofthesever/nameoftheshare, so apart from the slashes instead of the backslashes and smb: in front, the same as on Windows.  However, your nodes do not have Samba, so we are going to use ssh.  That looks slightly different: ssh://username@nameofnode/full/path/to/desired/folder.  Type what fits for you.  You can also use IP addresses instead of the name of the node, I am obviously unfamiliar with your infrastructure.

Press connect and it will ask you for the password of the user.  When everything is successful, you end up with a dialog asking for a password, where you will fill in the password of the user you used in the connection string.  You should now be seeing the files of that nodes in your graphical interface.  You will notice your connection in the left and list with a "eject" button next to it.  If you right click on that text, you can add a bookmark so you don't have to do the procedure all over again next time.  This might seem cumbersome if you have thousands of nodes, I'm well aware of that.  It's basically the equivalent of net use graphically.  If you want to make logging in using ssh easier you can use keyfiles for that, because it allows basically passwordless login from one station to another.  That is a rather huge topic, but worth it once you get more the hang of Linux.

Now let's tackle your MySQL question.  It is hard to generalize, because it does depend a lot on your configuration.  In a default installation, MySQL will only listen to localhost, so you wouldn't be able to access it from network.  You have to explicitly allow that on the server.  Furthermore, you need connection data to access the database.  Usernames in MySQL aren't simple usernames, they are always comprised of a host part and as such you won't simply have a user called chris with a password, but you have something like christ@workstation007 and a password, meaning you can only remotely connect from workstation007 with a user namedchris`.  Frankly, it's a full blown clusterfuck and very confusing at first.  I will make my work easy here and assume you have all that set up right.  In that case, it comes down to suggesting software you can use to connect to your MySQL instances.  I'm going to recommend two, but they have fully different use cases.

phpmyadmin - It basically is a web interface to MySQL databases with really pretty much anything you can think of.  Ok, perhaps database design isn't it.  Since it's web-based, you usually have a server which has it installed and that server connects to your different MySQL instances.  It's great for teams, since no-one actually needs to install any software locally on their desktops.
MySQL Workbench - I don't really have experience with this, but it is the official graphical interface for MySQL.  Since it's a native program, it might be more to what you are used to.

I understand many things will still be unclear, that's normal.  Happened to all of us.  Linux isn't hard, Ubuntu even less so.  It's just a different mindset.  For example, I still don't get why you can't manage your cluster directly from your desktop over the network.  Unless the cluster is on a totally cut of network segment, I don't see the need.  But, I don't know enough about the infrastructure and your needs, so basically, I'm just guessing.

Hope this helped somehow.  Learn Linux, it's worth it!  (With the direction Microsoft is taking, you might want to keep an escape path open. ;-) )


What kind of ethernet/wifi adapter do you have? The symptom you describe is often associated with Qualcomm/Aetheros/Killer setups!


AMD proprietary drivers on ubuntu 12.10 only see desktop

You should take a look at this thread which describes a similar problem and the solution offered in this other thread.

That solution worked for me and is as follows:

  For those who have hybrid systems (ATI/intel) and fglrx has stopped
  working in 12.10, then the problem might be like the one described
  here (fglrx incompatibility with the recent version of the intel
  driver):
  https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/fglrx-installer-updates/+bug/1068404

  What I would suggest would be

  Remove all the fglrx* packages:

sudo apt-get purge fglrx*

  Add my PPA in your repositories list:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:andrikos

  Update your package information:

sudo apt-get update

  Update the fglrx and intel drivers:

sudo apt-get install fglrx xserver-xorg-video-intel

  Don't forget to enable the fglrx driver:

sudo aticonfig --initial --force


System hangs after being restored from dd backup

In order to avoid filesystem corruption, you need to run dd from a Live CD/USB. This ensures that the filesystem you copy does not change while dd copies it.


Vulkan pSurfaceFormatCount is zero with NVIDIA drivers

I've had this issue on an Nvidia-equipped laptop. The problem and a workaround are nicely described here - https://dev.getsol.us/T6335

Basically, you can work around this by forcing NVidia Vulkan ICD with the environment variable set from one of the startup scripts:

VK_ICD_FILENAMES=/usr/share/vulkan/icd.d/10_nvidia.json

Your path to the NV ICD may be different (link is for Solus, while this question is about Ubuntu).


Upgrading openssl on Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS - Heartbleed

Do I need to upgrade my openssl?

No.

  Ubuntu Security Notice USN-2165-1

  7th April, 2014 openssl vulnerabilities

  A security issue affects these releases of Ubuntu and its derivatives:

Ubuntu 13.10
Ubuntu 12.10
Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

There is no mentioning of 10.04 so it is not affected. These kind of messages always list all the supported and affected systems (hence 13.04 not being listed since that went end of life).

By the way: the bug got introduced with 12.04.

  How do I do it on Ubuntu 10.04.4?

You do not.

Some more information can be found at the official notices from Canonical CVE-2014-0160 and CVE-2014-0076. Here ALL supported systems will get listed:

Upstream:   released (1.0.1g)
Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (Lucid Lynx):  not-affected (code not present)
Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin):    released (1.0.1-4ubuntu5.12)
Ubuntu 12.10 (Quantal Quetzal): released (1.0.1c-3ubuntu2.7)
Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander):    released (1.0.1e-3ubuntu1.2)
Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr): released (1.0.1f-1ubuntu2)

As you can see the bug got introduced in 12.04 and was not present in 10.04.


Why do PDF documents open with ImageMagick?

You might find this is a more clear answer that worked for me in Ubuntu 15.10:

edit the file ~/.config/mimeapps.list
just remove the lines that associate PDF to imagemagick in the file:

image/pdf=display-im6.desktop
image/pdf=display-im6.q16.desktop;display-im6.desktop;

The thread where I got this answer that worked for me is here:
Unable to restore Envince as default pdf viewer


Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) when installing any package

Don't link Python3 to a different version of Python.
python3 MUST link to the system-provided version of Python in order for your system to work properly. For example, apt depends upon that specific version; you broke apt when you changed the link.
To use a different version of Python, keep it in a container or venv. You can link whatever you like inside the container/venv.
Revert your change. You changed the link once; simply change it back.


How to setup of Raspberry Pi 3 onboard WiFi for Ubuntu Server with 'netplan'?

The steps below were found to provide a persistent WiFi setup using netplan with Ubuntu Server 18.04 ubuntu-18.04.2-preinstalled-server-arm64+raspi3.img.xz image on a Raspberry Pi 3 B+.
Update system:
sudo apt update
sudo apt full-upgrade
sudo reboot

Determine interface names:
ip link show

# 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> …
# 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> … state UP …
# 3: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> … state DOWN

Determine your-cloud-init.yaml and open for editing.
cd /etc/netplan/
ls -l
# -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 666 May 15 22:00 50-cloud-init.yaml
### note your *cloud-init.yaml file name

### backup *cloud-init.yaml file
cp 50-cloud-init.yaml 50-cloud-init.yaml.bak
### restrict read access
sudo chmod 640 /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml
### edit *cloud-init.yaml
sudo nano 50-cloud-init.yaml

Add WiFi access information to your-cloud-init.yaml file.
# This file is generated from information provided by
# the datasource.  Changes to it will not persist across an instance.
# To disable cloud-init's network configuration capabilities, write a file
# /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following:
# network: {config: disabled}
network:
    version: 2
    ethernets:
        eth0:
            optional: true
            dhcp4: true
    # add wifi setup information here ...
    wifis:
        wlan0:
            optional: true
            access-points:
                "YOUR-SSID-NAME":
                    password: "YOUR-NETWORK-PASSWORD"
            dhcp4: true

Test, generate and apply the changed your-cloud-init.yaml config:

Testing: sudo netplan --debug try (continue even if successful)
Generate: sudo netplan --debug generate (provides more details in case of issues with the previous command)
Apply: sudo netplan --debug apply (if no issues during the previous commands)

Confirmation Test:
sudo reboot

### wait, then without the wired ethernet connected ...
ssh ubuntu@wifi-ip-address

The above sequence was distilled from the "Raspberry Pi 3B/B+ Wireless Bridge using Ubuntu Server 18.04 ARM Image and Netplan" gist link mentioned by Larnu.  The gist goes well beyond just enabling WiFi since its turns the Pi into a Bridge.

Some additional useful WiFi setup steps.
Set hostname.
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname my-server-name

sudo nano /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
# add host name
127.0.0.1 my-server-name

sudo nano /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg
# Set preserve_hostname to true for persistance after reboot
preserve_hostname: true

Verify from local Raspberry Pi commandline.
hostnamectl
#   Static hostname: my-server-name
#         Icon name: computer
#        Machine ID: …
#           Boot ID: …
#  Operating System: Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS
#            Kernel: Linux 4.15.0-1036-raspi2
#      Architecture: arm64

Enable mDNS.
If desired, enable Multicast DNS by installing Avahi. Avahi supports the mDNS/DNS-SD/RFC 3927/Zeroconf/Bonjour specification.
sudo apt install avahi-daemon

Remotely check mDNS resolution from another computer.
ping my-server-name.local
ssh ubuntu@my-server-name.local


What is the terminal command to stop a running snap package program?

A running snap is a process like any other. 1) The snap will appear among the other running processes in the output of top, htop, System monitor, etc. 2) You therefore can also use the kill command or one of the tools mentioned to stop the snap like you can for other processes.


Can (or should) a script perform a login?

So the script copying from the windows server to your ubuntu server's encrypted home (with eCryptfs right?) works OK, while you're logged in I'm assuming.

Then later when you're not logged in, another script can not access your encrypted home. That's by design, nothing is supposed to be able to access your encrypted home unless you're logged in.

You could modify the script to automatically log you in, but that most likely would break the security.

Or, you could have the second script run while you're still logged in.


Wallch not changing wallpaper after upgrade to 14.04

Sorry for the inconvinience Charlie, I am one of the developers of Wallch and I have to say that it isn't Wallch to blame about this misbehavior.

Wallch is built using the Qt framework and weird bugs appear on 14.04 on all the Qt based applications.

For example, I have noticed a bug in VLC: When I change the system volume, VLC's volume changes as well, Clementine's indicator appears and disappears all the time, and now Wallch seems to have problems as well like clicking the "Start" at Wallpapers tab not working and sometimes crashing the app, being able to open multiple instances from Unity, resizing of window seems to have problems as well, menubar sometimes not appearing, shortcuts like Ctrl+Q not working.

I had no problems with the Qt applications until I installed the NVidia drivers myself. Then all Qt based applications started to misbehave. Qt Creator (official IDE for developing Qt applications) crashed during startup with an X server specific error message.

This is truly frustrating for the developers. It is really sad to spend so many hours bug testing your application only to find out that the integration itself is broken and there is nothing you can do about it. Actually you can, but it is very frustrating to see so many things changing from the one to the other version of Ubuntu that require your code to change as well.

We had tested Wallch a lot of times, and we never had these kind of bugs.

I am on the process of fixing these bugs myself right now.

Please for more information see https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/wallch/+bug/1310776


Moving files inside multiple directories to the root directroy of the folder structure

Since the filenames are unique, and since the filenames contain funny characters (), find and xargs are the way to go, and the man pages to read.

find test -type f -print0 |\
  echo xargs -0 -r mv --target-directory=test

Remove the echo when you're happy with the results, and want to actually do the mv


How to run commands if unity is not working?

Use Ctrl+Alt+F1 to go in tty1 and run whichever command you wish. To come back in tty7 (where the graphic environment is usually running), use Ctrl+Alt+F7.


In Ubuntu 16.04 support for the overlay/Unity scrollbars was dropped in favor of the Gnome scrollbars. The relevant bugs concerning the old scrollbars have been closed as won't fix.

Since Firefox didn't use GTK3, however, even those didn't work when 16.04 was released. Firefox 46, however, finally includes GTK3 integration, so the Gnome scrollbars are now displayed.

As for other apps, it depends on their support for GTK3. LibreOffice, for instance, has some support (just download the libreoffice-gtk3 package to see the scrollbars), but it currently looks very broken with any dark theme (e.g. Ubuntu's default Ambiance).


Installed SELinux on Ubuntu 14.04 and system is not bootable now

I was able to figure out a work around. I got into grub boot menu and removed two kernel parameters security=selinux selinux=1 from below

linux   /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-78-generic root=UUID=e2c77541-5134-497a-a180-529bfd83f38f ro  quiet splash security=selinux selinux=1 $vt_handoff

This allowed me to boot into multiuser system and then I uninstalled selinux and updated the grub configuration so that future boots won't pass the selinux parameters to the kernel.


Since you already have Photoshop, you could try running it using Wine (assuming the filters you need are present in said version). And since it's an old version, you're less likely to run into problems.

Visit the official install page for Ubuntu to get started with the latest versions.

Check the Wine appdb page for Photoshop to see what results people have got running various Photoshop versions in Wine, and any necessary workarounds.


Multitouch screen needs two touch points

You certainly have found a bug, if you find an issue in the future, please do go directly to launchpad to report the issue. To report the issue from the desktop Hold [Alt] and press [F2], type into the box ubuntu-bug ubuntu and go through the process of reporting the issue.


Installing Ubuntu 14.04 in Windows 8, the installation does not go further

Did you make another partition for Ubuntu? If you didn't, try making one by following these steps:

Boot into Windows 8 (you will make the partition here).
Search and open Disk Management.
Here you should see your Hard Drive, right-click it and select Shrink a Basic Volume. This will create another volume.
Once it is finished loading, you will be able to choose how big you want the volume to be. The wizard will show you what to do from there.
Once you finish the wizard, you should see that you have another volume. Now you can reboot your PC and try the installer again.


How do I get the updated look in LibreOffice?

Open LibreOffice, go to Tools > Options > Advanced (or press alt+f12 and then select Advanced), check Enable experimental features (may be unstable) and select OK.

The option to select different toolbar layouts (from View > Toolbar Layout, just as in the attached gif) should appear in all LibreOffice applications (Writer, Calc etc.) now.

On top of that if you want the icons to be the same as the ones in the gif, you may go to Tools > Options > View (or press alt+f12 and then select View), select Breeze in the box next to "Icon style:" and click on OK.


Answer by the OP

I solved by starting the machine with USB 1.1 (OHCI) in the USB settings


No Mouse / Keyboard since Upgrade to 20.04 in VPS Server with standard Ubuntu Desktop

Found the solution apt install xserver-xorg-input-evdev solved the problem

Installing xserver-xorg-hwe-18.04 xserver-xorg-input-all-hwe-18.04 seems to be not necessary.

 76551.603] (II) config/udev: Adding input device Power Button (/dev/input/event0)
[ 76551.603] (**) Power Button: Applying InputClass "evdev keyboard catchall"
[ 76551.603] (II) LoadModule: "evdev"
[ 76551.603] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/input/evdev_drv.so
[ 76551.604] (II) Module evdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 76551.604]    compiled for 1.20.1, module version = 2.10.6
[ 76551.604]    Module class: X.Org XInput Driver
[ 76551.604]    ABI class: X.Org XInput driver, version 24.1
[ 76551.604] (II) Using input driver 'evdev' for 'Power Button'
[ 76551.611] (II) systemd-logind: got fd for /dev/input/event0 13:64 fd 20 paused 0
[ 76551.611] (**) Power Button: always reports core events
[ 76551.611] (**) evdev: Power Button: Device: "/dev/input/event0"
[ 76551.612] (--) evdev: Power Button: Vendor 0 Product 0x1
[ 76551.612] (--) evdev: Power Button: Found keys
[ 76551.612] (II) evdev: Power Button: Configuring as keyboard
[ 76551.612] (**) Option "config_info" "udev:/sys/devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input0/event0"
[ 76551.612] (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "Power Button" (type: KEYBOARD, id 6)
[ 76551.612] (**) Option "xkb_rules" "evdev"
[ 76551.612] (**) Option "xkb_model" "pc105"
[ 76551.612] (**) Option "xkb_layout" "us"
[ 76551.614] (II) config/udev: Adding input device AT Translated Set 2 keyboard (/dev/input/event1)
[ 76551.614] (**) AT Translated Set 2 keyboard: Applying InputClass "evdev keyboard catchall"
[ 76551.614] (II) Using input driver 'evdev' for 'AT Translated Set 2 keyboard'
[ 76551.615] (II) systemd-logind: got fd for /dev/input/event1 13:65 fd 21 paused 0
[ 76551.615] (**) AT Translated Set 2 keyboard: always reports core events
[ 76551.615] (**) evdev: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard: Device: "/dev/input/event1"
[ 76551.615] (--) evdev: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard: Vendor 0x1 Product 0x1
[ 76551.616] (--) evdev: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard: Found keys
[ 76551.616] (II) evdev: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard: Configuring as keyboard
[ 76551.616] (**) Option "config_info" "udev:/sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio0/input/input1/event1"
[ 76551.616] (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "AT Translated Set 2 keyboard" (type: KEYBOARD, id 7)
[ 76551.616] (**) Option "xkb_rules" "evdev"
[ 76551.616] (**) Option "xkb_model" "pc105"
[ 76551.616] (**) Option "xkb_layout" "us"
[ 76551.617] (II) config/udev: Adding input device VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse (/dev/input/event3)
[ 76551.617] (**) VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Applying InputClass "evdev pointer catchall"
[ 76551.617] (II) Using input driver 'evdev' for 'VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse'
[ 76551.619] (II) systemd-logind: got fd for /dev/input/event3 13:67 fd 22 paused 0
[ 76551.619] (**) VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: always reports core events
[ 76551.619] (**) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Device: "/dev/input/event3"
[ 76551.619] (--) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Vendor 0x2 Product 0x13
[ 76551.619] (--) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Found 3 mouse buttons
[ 76551.619] (--) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Found scroll wheel(s)
[ 76551.619] (--) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Found relative axes
[ 76551.619] (--) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Found x and y relative axes
[ 76551.619] (II) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Configuring as mouse
[ 76551.619] (II) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Adding scrollwheel support
[ 76551.619] (**) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: YAxisMapping: buttons 4 and 5
[ 76551.619] (**) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: EmulateWheelButton: 4, EmulateWheelInertia: 10, EmulateWheelTimeout: 200
[ 76551.619] (**) Option "config_info" "udev:/sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input3/event3"
[ 76551.619] (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse" (type: MOUSE, id 8)
[ 76551.619] (II) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: initialized for relative axes.
[ 76551.619] (**) VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: (accel) keeping acceleration scheme 1
[ 76551.619] (**) VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: (accel) acceleration profile 0
[ 76551.619] (**) VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: (accel) acceleration factor: 2.000
[ 76551.619] (**) VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: (accel) acceleration threshold: 4
[ 76551.620] (II) config/udev: Adding input device VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse (/dev/input/mouse1)
[ 76551.620] (II) No input driver specified, ignoring this device.
[ 76551.620] (II) This device may have been added with another device file.
[ 76551.621] (II) config/udev: Adding input device VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse (/dev/input/event2)
[ 76551.621] (**) VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Applying InputClass "evdev pointer catchall"
[ 76551.621] (II) Using input driver 'evdev' for 'VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse'
[ 76551.622] (II) systemd-logind: got fd for /dev/input/event2 13:66 fd 23 paused 0
[ 76551.622] (**) VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: always reports core events
[ 76551.622] (**) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Device: "/dev/input/event2"
[ 76551.622] (--) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Vendor 0x2 Product 0x13
[ 76551.622] (--) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Found 3 mouse buttons
[ 76551.623] (--) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Found absolute axes
[ 76551.623] (--) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Found x and y absolute axes
[ 76551.623] (--) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Found absolute touchscreen
[ 76551.623] (II) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: Configuring as touchscreen
[ 76551.623] (**) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: YAxisMapping: buttons 4 and 5
[ 76551.623] (**) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: EmulateWheelButton: 4, EmulateWheelInertia: 10, EmulateWheelTimeout: 200
[ 76551.623] (**) Option "config_info" "udev:/sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input4/event2"
[ 76551.623] (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse" (type: TOUCHSCREEN, id 9)
[ 76551.623] (II) evdev: VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: initialized for absolute axes.
[ 76551.623] (**) VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: (accel) keeping acceleration scheme 1
[ 76551.623] (**) VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: (accel) acceleration profile 0
[ 76551.623] (**) VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: (accel) acceleration factor: 2.000
[ 76551.623] (**) VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse: (accel) acceleration threshold: 4
[ 76551.624] (II) config/udev: Adding input device VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse (/dev/input/mouse0)
[ 76551.624] (II) No input driver specified, ignoring this device.
[ 76551.624] (II) This device may have been added with another device file.


How can I disable Chrome/ium's Wrench menu?

I searched for a while and couldn't find any extension or option to do what you asked. The Google wrench is the only way to get to the settings for most operating systems, so my guess is Google has locked down options, such as this one.


One solution is to first increase the thickness of the menu bar, then second to change the icon size (replace the small icons with bigger icons) for the close, min, and restore buttons.  You can use the answers at these two pages to accomplish that:

Increase Menu Bar Size

How can I get bigger window buttons in unity ?


Give permission to user ONLY to install applications

You can configure sudo not to ask for password for any executables you desire for any non admin user you select. Following procedure would make sudo/gksudo/gksu stop asking for password when user named "User" tries to install software CLI way (apt-get) and GUI way (Synaptic Package Mananager, Ubuntu Software Center):

Open /etc/sudoers using your favorite editor, gedit in this example

sudo gedit /etc/sudoers

At the end of /etc/sudoers add:

User ALL= NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/synaptic, /usr/bin/software-center, /usr/bin/apt-get

Don't forget to replace "User" with desired non administrator user name. Good luck!


How to log into multiple accounts in Hotot 0.9.8.10

On the sign in page, barely visible, there is a plus sign right below the hotot logo. Click it.

Took me a while to find it.


cannot install anything from the software center (untrusted packages)

As we found out in our chat, the problem was due to 11 missing keys and 2 unwanted keys.

Remove the unwanted keys (Chromium and Steam) with : sudo apt-key del B05498B7 4E5E17B5

Import the missing keys with :

`sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys <all missing keys in the warning>`

Update the repositories : sudo apt-get update


How to prevent Skype from upgrading and keep the old version for reinstallation?

You want to keep a particular version of the package skype for the foreseeable future, even when newer versions are available, and even if you install Ubuntu again from scratch.

First, assuming this beta version is packaged the same way as the current version, there are actually two packages--skype, and skype-bin.

There are two things you must do, for each of these packages:

Pin them at their current versions so they're left alone when you update software. That's been covered in this question:

How to prevent updating of a specific package?

Keep copies of the .deb package files used to install them. You'll probably find them in /var/cache/apt/archives. Their names should begin with skype_2.2.0.35- and skype-bin_2.2.0.35- (and both end in .deb).

Back them up, and if you have to reinstall Ubuntu from scratch or if you want to install this version of Skype on another machine, just install those packages. One way to install them is to run this command, after cding to the folder that contains the .deb files:

sudo dpkg -i skype_2.2.0.35-*.deb skype-bin_2.2.0.35-*.deb

If you're told one or both of these packages can't be completely configured because you don't have the necessary dependencies installed, make sure you're connected to the Internet and run these commands:

sudo apt-get -f install
sudo dpkg --configure -a

Finally, please note that if you continue to use an old version of Skype that is no longer supported upstream:

It may stop working, or stop working properly, over time.
It may contain security vulnerabilities fixed in later versions.


Gnome Tweak Tool editable via bash/python?

We're going to use Gio to get the Base Key (the category the value is at). Once we get that value we're going to set a CheckBox on it to change the value. We then setup various signals to listen for changes in the setting and CheckBox. I know it's not the desktop one but you can plug it into the BASE_KEY. By the way, you shouldn't try and use GConf in GNOME 3, because it's been deprecated.

from gi.repository import Gio, Gtk

class GSettingsTest(object):
    BASE_KEY = "org.gnome.nautilus.preferences"
    def __init__(self):
        # Make a check button to change the value.
        settings = Gio.Settings(self.BASE_KEY)
        change_check = Gtk.CheckButton("Always Use Browser")
        change_check.set_active (settings.get_boolean("always-use-browser"))
        settings.connect("changed::always-use-browser", self.on_changed, change_check)
        change_check.connect('toggled', self.on_check_clicked, settings)

        window = Gtk.Window(type = Gtk.WindowType.TOPLEVEL)
        window.set_title("Change Nautilus")
        window.set_border_width(24)
        window.connect("delete-event", Gtk.main_quit)
        window.add(change_check)
        window.show_all()
        Gtk.main()

    def on_changed(self, settings, key, change_check):
        change_check.set_active(settings.get_boolean("always-use-browser"))

    def on_check_clicked(self, button, settings):
        settings.set_boolean("always-use-browser", button.get_active())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = GSettingsTest()


How to make fat32 partition mounted at startup?

You'll want to add it to your /etc/fstab file:

/dev/sdz9 /mount_point vfat rw,noatime,user 0 0

Just place your partition and mount point info in there.  That should get you going.


Your command line contains one  occurrence of sudo but also &&. In this case, sudo only applies to the former command, not the part after &&. Add sudo to the latter command, too.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y

However, there is at least one more problem:

502  Connection timed out [IP: 2001:67c:1360:8001::21 80]

which means you should check your network connection.

Generally, you should run commands manually one by one (i.e. avoid &&, -y etc.) to diagnose problems.


How do I make Ubuntu aware of plugging in and out a second monitor?

AFAIK, you cant. And thats a hardware restriction, not Ubuntu's.

It has to do with the way videocards (onboard or not) deal with its connectors: when they are unpplugged, the card "shuts down" the connector.

When you open Monitors, it "scans" the card(s) for the plugged monitors, thus "awakening" the connectors.

VGA (or DVI) ports are not like USB... theres no "pooling" to check for newly plugged devices, and theres no "IRQ" for the monitors to signal themselves. Its not plug-and-play. Its all up to the video card itself. And they usually dont do pooling.

A few years back it was even worse: many cards required the monitors to be plugged in on power up. So I had to reboot my PC for it to "find" the plugged monitor.

A wild shot here: have you tried HDMI connector? Since it carries sound, theres a chance your video card handles it in a more "flexible"  way, giving the OS more control over plugged monitors.

If you want more detailed tech info, give me your card and motherboard model, monitors used, and, more important, conectors you're using for each.


How to change the graphics card driver via terminal?

For 14.04 and upwards, jockey-text isn't installed or available in the repository. I have just recovered from an issue where the Noveau driver caused my computer to lockup completely after logging in and I needed to go back to the nvidia driver. Here's how I did it:

At the login screen, instead of logging in I went to a terminal using CRL + ALT + F2
Type

  ubuntu-drivers devices

to get a list of your devices and identify the one you want. My output looked like this:

  $ ubuntu-drivers devices
  == /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.0 ==
   modalias : pci:v000010DEd00000391sv00001462sd00000630bc03sc00i00
   vendor   : NVIDIA Corporation
   model    : G73 [GeForce 7600 GT]
   driver   : nvidia-304 - distro non-free recommended
   driver   : nvidia-173 - distro non-free
   driver   : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin
   driver   : nvidia-304-updates - distro non-free

I wanted nvidia-304 so I typed:

  apt-get install nvidia-304

Then I rebooted and confirmed using the desktop appliaction Additional Drivers that I was indeed using the driver I had chosen.


Software manager failed to install package. Internet connection fine. sudo apt-get install fluidsynth doesn't work

If you're having trouble with errors during sudo apt-get update, that could be a server being down temporarily or permanently. You could try changing the main software source download server to another source.

See: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu#Download_Server

Under "Download from", change from main server to other, and either click the "select best server" button or choose the one that looks nearest to your location.

Once you get a clean update try installing again.

However if you already received "fluidsynth is already the newest version" Then that should mean it's installed. Perhaps one of the attempts you made actually worked and you hadn't noticed.

Try running it either from terminal or from the dash menu.


Free space in tmpfs partition not adding up

From a similar question on ServerFault (and particularly one response there), one possible explanation for the disparity is that there are processes hanging on to files they've accessed on /tmp that have since been deleted.

# lsof | grep deleted

will list such files along with the processes still attached to them.


How can i take backup of Basket Note pads from command line?

The option  -f or --data-folder    allows you to define where the data is saved.  Put the data where you have other things you back up daily.


Update manager shows x86 virtualization solution -kernel modules for DKMS

Update manager has got it's knickers in a twist for some reason (I think it's due to the way it handles disabling and sorting out the new virtualbox sources...)

I fixed this by opening a terminal and re-installing dkms, i.e. at the prompt type:

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-dkms

et voila, problem solved. Hope this helps


Unable to boot Windows 7 after installing Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS

This is a very common problem, so don't worry. You are not alone, in fact, I was once in the same boat. There is also a very simple fix to your problem. Here's what you can do:

Boot into Ubuntu.
Press Ctrl+Alt+T in to open Terminal.
Type sudo update-grub and press Enter.
Enter your password and press Enter.
Reboot when done.

----MORE INFO----

While boot-repair does run update-grub, there are some cases where it actually breaks things. For reasons unknown, I find that I can fix these by running update-grub from the actual Ubuntu installation. I don't know why this is, but the solution works, so you can't complain. Anyway, good luck with your install, and I'm sorry you are having trouble so early on.


Where are the shortcuts listed under the Places menu stored?

You can edit the contents by modifying the contents of ~/.config/gtk-3.0/bookmarks.

Each entry represents a single entry in the Places menu. If you delete the entry for Videos, which is file:///home/user/Videos, it will remove the shortcut to the Videos directory.


Something that has changed is the version of Skanlite. I uninstalled the version 2.2.0.0 that was part of the Ubuntu 20.04 bundle and installed version 2.1.0.1 from the software library. That seems to work


Unable to run Ubuntu Software Center in 12.04

You have an error with one PPA.
Typing

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yannubuntu* && sudo apt-get update

should fix it.


How do I order the languages in Gnome-language-selector?

To start with, I have to confess: It's my fault. With that said, the reason for the behavior is that the desired order:

English (UK) - English (US) - Gaeilge - 日本語 - English

wouldn't make much sense. Please remember that the original language of Ubuntu is English (US), and hence it's always available. Fallback languages after English (US) should consequently never be used to display menus and messages.

This order ought to work:

English (UK) - English (US) - English

And that is probably what you want. You may want to click the Help button in the Language Support GUI to get a better understanding of what the language priority list is about.

HTH


2 Linux OSes with 1 GRUB and a low-latency kernel

Even though you did not install grub to boot, you still should have a /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
If that has your new low-latency kernel, copy that boot stanza to Deepin's /etc/grub.d/40_custom and run sudo update-grub. If not you have to create your own boot stanza using new kernel.

More details on your own boot stanza.

https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub/html_node/Multi_002dboot-manual-config.html#Multi_002dboot-manual-config

You can also edit Ubuntu's grub to match what you like as grub is grub. How to: Create a Customized GRUB2 Screen that is Maintenance Free.- Cavsfan

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MaintenanceFreeCustomGrub2Screen

Mega Forums Thread on above Custom grub screens. Best to start at last page, if interested

https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2076205

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Displays


Don't worry, it is entirely alright. The CUPS printer/spooler is a background process which runs regardless of whether you have defined a printer.


List dependency changes for apt-get upgrade (reasons for packages being held back)

From the man-page of apt-get, an upgrade command do

    ... Packages currently installed with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install status of another package will be left at their current version.

That means, apt-get upgrade won't install or remove a package while doing upgrade. Even when a package has higher version available. In that case, that particular package (and any associated packages that are required by this) will be held-back. This is for the safety of the system.

But, From man-page of apt-get, dist-upgrade is

    dist-upgrade in addition to performing the function of upgrade, also intelligently handles changing dependencies with new versions of packages; apt-get has a "smart" conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. The dist-upgrade command may therefore remove some packages.

So, Here we see, dist-upgrade is more brutal than the upgrade. It will attempt to install newer version of important packages even if that requires removal of some packages and/or installation of newer packages. That's why dist-upgrade can trigger installation/removal of other packages like your situation in the question.

Also note that, a package can be held-back for some other cases too, like pinning. If you pin a package, that won't be upgraded.

held-back can also occur when newer version of the package can't be installed due to the lacking of one or more of it's dependency packages.

  I'd like a verbose explanation of the reason why a particular package would be newly installed or removed.

A useful technique would be noting the package names that are going to be installed and manually checking their dependency changes between versions.

For your particular case, you can check the dependency change of ubuntu-sdk using apt-cache depends ubuntu-sdk=<version-installed> and apt-cache depends ubuntu-sdk=<version-candidate>. You'll see newer versions requiring extra packages.

You can also use aptitude safe-upgrade (for upgrade) or aptitude full-upgrade for (dist-upgrade) and while it's showing package lists to install and/or remove, press d to see the dependency information. Or while you're using full-upgrade, you can press o to see it's proposed dependency resolution solution. This will show you why a package is going to be installed or removed.

Check these links for more -

"The following packages have been kept back:" Why and how do I solve it?
Some upgrades show packages being held-back


Server 19.10 on Raspberry Pi 4 defaults to root?

Login to the admin users of the operating system

The default admin username is:             pi

and the password for the admin user is:   raspberry

Then change the default root password

      sudo passwd root

Enter the password for root

Now try to login root user

          sudo root

Enter the password for the root

(or)

         sudo su

Enter the password for the pi.


How to locate font files given the font family name?

There's fc-list for that, it lists the installed fonts. On 14.04, you can use

fc-list | egrep -i "roboto|sawasdee"

This doesn't seem to work on 12.04 though, use
 fc-list -v | grep file | egrep "roboto|sawasdee" instead.

You could also use the font-manager, install it using sudo apt-get install font-manager.


Add Ubuntu on to Windows Server 2012 Active Directory

You don't mention what issues you had with the other methods.  However you might want to check out PBIS Open:

http://download1.beyondtrust.com/Technical-Support/Downloads/PowerBroker-Identity-Services-Open-Edition/?Pass=True

The installation and set up is very straightforward if you follow their documentation.

Cheers.


It's probably Zeroconf DNS-SD (Service Discovery) that the other apps are using to discover VLC. In Ubuntu, this service is provided by avahi-daemon.

If you don't want to advertise any services at all on the local network, you can just remove avahi-daemon. Avahi isn't necessary - clients wanting to access your services can still do so when the service IP and port number are provided manually.

sudo apt-get remove avahi-daemon

If you want to leave Avahi advertising some services but not VLC, look in /etc/avahi/services/ for a file relating to VLC. I don't have both installed on my machine, but assuming it has a name like vlc.service, something like this might work:

sudo mv /etc/avahi/services/vlc.service /etc/avahi/services/vlc.service.disabled
sudo restart avahi-daemon


How to install Cinnamon desktop environment on top of Ubuntu?

Because Linux Mint isn't related to Ubuntu the way Kubuntu and the like are, (Direct offshoots etc...) you unfortunately cannot install the Linux Mint environment on top of the Ubuntu DE like you can with say, Kubuntu/Xubuntu/Lubuntu etc...You can do a second partition and install Linux Mint on that and subsequently choose between them at system boot with the GRUB menu but that's the extent of what you can do in regards to running Linux Mint on Ubuntu...


The _ parameter has several meanings depending on context, but it is never an array. Likewise, in your example, x is not an array. The reason you're able to treat it as if it is an array is that Bash allows non-array variables to be treated as if they were one-element arrays. Bash likewise allows array variables to be treated as if they were non-arrays, giving the first element.
As man bash says:

Referencing an array variable without a subscript is equivalent to referencing the array with a subscript of 0.  Any reference to a variable using a valid subscript is legal, and bash will create an array if necessary.

So "${_[0]}" behaves the same as "${_}" or "$_", because _ is not an array. Likewise, "${x[0]}" behaves the same as "${x}" or "$x", because x is not an array.

As for why _ holds the value hi: In the usage you've shown, performing parameter expansion on the special _ parameter yields the last argument of the most recent (synchronously executed) command.
As man bash says of _:

At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname used to invoke the shell or shell script being executed as passed in the environment or argument list. Subsequently, expands to the last argument to the previous simple command executed in the foreground, after expansion. Also set to the full pathname used to invoke each command executed and placed in the environment exported to that command. When checking mail, this parameter holds the name of the mail file currently being checked.

(emphasis mine)
In this case, the most recently executed command was:
printf '%s ' "$x" "${x[0]}"

The arguments passed to printf were:

%s , on which only quote removal was performed.
hi, on which parameter expansion was performed, followed by quote removal.
hi, on which a more complex form of parameter expansion yielding the same result was performed, followed by quote removal.


Help investigating full kernel lockup - occurs when "locking" laptop

Answering my own question so I can close this issue....

After months of trying various things the best solution was to upgrade to Ubuntu 16.10. There are a lot of Intel specific updates in the newer kernels and this seems to have resolved my issue completely.

Since January 2017 I have probably experienced only 1 full system lockup.


Why I can't access any folder in ubuntu?

Use the command

chown -R yourusername /home/yourusername

What this does is takes ownership (for your user account) of all files and directories within your home directory.

You inherently cannot access some files and folders via your user-specific Nautilus. To access those you must either take ownership or change permissions of them, or use gksudo or sudo.

To read/write/execute certain files/folders, use the chmod command.

chmod -R (permissions)

The permission can be calculated by this:

Execute by user is 100.
Execute by group is 010. Execute by all is 001.
Write by user is 200. Write by group is 020. Write by all is 002.
Read by user is 400. Read by group is 040. Read by all is 004.

Therefore, we will use

chmod -R 700

You, the owner, can read, write, and execute.

Be careful what and how you chmod! Giving certain permissions to all groups and users can be very unsafe!


No, but you can just install Ubuntu, which is free to use and to download, and use that to develop.


I managed to fix this by removing the driver and then running:
apt-get purge cups
apt-get install cups

Then I reinstalled the driver as instructed here: Any way to get a Brother HL-L2320D to work with current Ubuntu?


What partition PlayOnLinux and Wine software has to be installed to?

Wine installs all the stuff in ~/.wine which translate to $HOME/.wine or /home/user/.wine. You cannot use systems (anything that's not /home) for installing wine application (or more like, you will end up messing up, so please not). You may want to create a new partition and mount it in your /home/user/.wine directory instead:

After you have created the new ext4 partition, run sudo blkid, it will show something like:

/dev/sda1: UUID="bf554a2f-a035-4c22-bca8-162def35a03c" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda2: UUID="3962db06-3776-4f38-8ab9-eab6feeccc1d" TYPE="ext4"

Lets assume sda2 is your new partition, edit /etc/fstab and add the following entry:

UUID=3962db06-3776-4f38-8ab9-eab6feeccc1d /home/user/.wine ext4 defaults 0 0

Of course, change user for your actual username. Done.


Problem with Arcam rpac and Ubuntu 12.04

here there is a solution..
ARCAM rPAC USB sound card not working on Ubuntu 12.04
but you have to uninstall pulseaudio. I tried it with Quantal and it works.


Upload images to imgur account from shutter

With the standard plugins, this cannot currently be done.
It could be made possible but to date, nobody has sat down and written the required code.

The FTP section that Mitch is pointing to is for uploading to FTP servers and is separate from the Accounts section above it.


echo 1 > “runcount.txt” not writing to the file

I assume in getstatus you get a string. In that string you want to check wheter the substring RUNNING is contained.
I'd recommend you to use grep.
#!/bin/bash

getstatus(){ echo Im RUNNING now; }

IFS=$'\n'
status=$(getstatus|grep -c RUNNING)
if [[ $status -gt 0 ]]; then
    echo 1 > "runcount.txt"
fi

grep seaches for the string RUNNING. The option -c  just counts how often it appears. So $status is now an int. If it appears more than never, it writes 1 into your textfile.

Please remove the testfunktion getstatus() for your version.


Can't install new Program after update Ubuntu 14.04

Finally I got it working by deleting both the *.deb files in /var/cache/apt/archives/  . But I don't know why it happened.


How to restore a mozbackup file made in windows 7?

I can't test this right now, but assuming mozbackup is just an archive, rename the pcv extension to zip, extract it and move the files to your profile folder.

Your profile is located under: ~/.mozilla/firefox/*****.default/


Check your sources file to make sure you haven't added anything that is illegitimate. To edit your sources:

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

or

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

if you perfer nano. You can use this website to generate your sources file if you want, I've used it before:

http://repogen.simplylinux.ch/

Once you are sure your sources file is good, then run this command:

sudo apt-get update

That will update all of your software sources. Now upgrade your system:

sudo apt-get upgrade

If you are still getting broken dependencies, then you are probably trying to install a package that needs another package that isn't in your repositories.


5 red dots. Internet not working or showing up. Computer ports don't work anymore

Found out how to fix the problem.

I had to access the GRUB boot menu and boot a previous kernel by selecting it from the Advanced Options for Ubuntu menu. Under the previous kernel, everything was working normally.

I re-downloaded and reinstalled the new updates again andrestarted the computer. The new updates reinstalled and it worked just fine! Everything was working fine again under the new updates.


How to create desktop shortcuts for folders in Ubuntu 20.04

I managed to create the Link to folder. Select a folder for which you want to create the link. Hold Alt (left Alt in my case) button and drag this folder to Desktop or any other location you want. I had two File Manager windows side by side. After you complete you action a dialog window will appear with actions to select from:
"Make link",
"Move" or "Copy".
Select the "Make link" and you done. Good luck.


Open terminal, and run:

sudo umount /home/$USER/Desktop

(Adjust for your language if necessary)
This should unmount your USB drive and restore normal Desktop. If not, please, leave a comment.


You are using reboot now which will drop you into maintenance mode. This is not a bug but can be confusing. If the command doesn't have any explicit option to it, it will drop into maintenance mode. Therefore please use shutdown -r now but if you feel this is a bug please comment here.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/upstart/+bug/1065851


Banned blocked IP location in Ubuntu Trusty


If you really need PHP 5.5, than install this version with this command (for version 5.5.24+dfsg-1+deb.sury.org~vivid+1) and check the correct version here:

sudo apt-get install php5=5.5.24+dfsg-1+deb.sury.org~vivid+1

and set the package on hold:

sudo apt-mark hold php5

Otherwise you'll get in the next update again version 5.6


Can't find htdocs after installing lampp in ubuntu 18.04.2

Try /var/www/html instead.... That works here!


Do Nothing Special. Ubuntu is already set up for this.

Ubuntu includes anacron, which cleverly keeps track of cron jobs and triggers missed jobs when the system next becomes available.

Anacron already keeps track of daily jobs in /etc/cron.daily, including logrotate.

Example: If an Ubuntu VM is shut down on Tuesday and started again on Friday, then anacron will run one set of daily cron jobs a few minutes after the VM has completed booting on Friday. The time of day on Friday doesn't matter -- anacron will determine that over 24 hours have elapsed since the last daily job.


Bash script doesn't execute command from PATH

It's not the problem with echo ${HADOOP_HOME} command.The one which causes the error is $(hadoop fs -ls)

You have to give the 3rd line in that script as echo $(hadoop fs -ls). So the script will look like,

#!/bin/bash
echo ${HADOOP_HOME}
echo $(hadoop fs -ls)

If you give the command like this $(hadoop fs -ls), bash parses it and find it's value. And the founded value is again parsed by bash.

Example:

$ var=4
$ $var
4: command not found
$ echo $var
4

IMO, the value or the output of the command hadoop fs -ls is Found, this string found was again parsed by bash when you give the command like this $(hadoop fs -ls). So that the below error message displayed while executing the script hello.sh,

./hello.sh: line 3: Found: command not found