How to debug Rhythmbox missing plugin for burning CD

Lets start with rhythmbox package dependencies. On my 16.04 LTS:

$ apt-cache depends rhythmbox
rhythmbox
  Depends: libc6
  Depends: libglib2.0-0
  Depends: libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0
  Depends: libgstreamer1.0-0
  Depends: libgtk-3-0
  Depends: libpeas-1.0-0
  Depends: librhythmbox-core9
  Depends: libtotem-plparser18
  Depends: libx11-6
  Depends: python3
  Depends: python3
  Depends: python3.5
  Depends: rhythmbox-data
  Depends: dbus
    dbus:i386
  Depends: gstreamer1.0-plugins-base
  Depends: gstreamer1.0-plugins-good
  Depends: adwaita-icon-theme
  Depends: gstreamer1.0-x
  Depends: media-player-info
  Depends: gir1.2-rb-3.0
  Depends: gir1.2-glib-2.0
  Depends: gir1.2-gtk-3.0
  Depends: python3-gi
  Depends: libpeas-1.0-0-python3loader
  Breaks: gvfs
  Recommends: yelp
  Recommends: avahi-daemon
    avahi-daemon:i386
  Recommends: notification-daemon
    dunst
    awn-applet-awn-notification-daemon
    cinnamon
    gnome-shell
    lxqt-notificationd
    mate-notification-daemon
    notify-osd
    plasma-workspace
    python-jarabe
    xfce4-notifyd
  Recommends: gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio
  Recommends: gvfs-backends
    gvfs-backends:i386
  Recommends: rhythmbox-plugins
  Recommends: rhythmbox-plugin-zeitgeist
  Suggests: gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad
  Suggests: <gnome-codec-install>
    sessioninstaller
 |Suggests: gnome-control-center
  Suggests: unity-control-center
  Suggests: rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder # <--- seems to be CD recording one

So I assume that sudo apt-get install rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder will fix the problem (it uses Brasero as CD/DVD writer).

And make sure that you have enabled Audio CD Recorder in Rhythmbox (go to Tools ->  Plugins, checkbox Audio CD Recorder should be checked).


How to make a network interface drop a defined percentage of packets

The random module in iptables can be used to create packet loss.
For a 10% incoming packet loss:

$ sudo iptables -A INPUT -m statistic --mode random --probability 0.1 -j DROP

Resulting in this ping result from another computer:

--- rpi01-wifi.smythies.com ping statistics ---
247 packets transmitted, 217 received, 12% packet loss, time 246752ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.958/4.933/169.588/17.884 ms

Similarly for outgoing packets:

$ sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -m statistic --mode random --probability 0.1 -j DROP

Resulting in this ping result from another computer:

--- rpi01-wifi.smythies.com ping statistics ---
1006 packets transmitted, 871 received, 13% packet loss, time 305146ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.892/7.363/476.902/35.397 ms, pipe 2

Combining both INPUT and OUTPUT forced packet loss, but at 0.5% probability each:

$ sudo iptables -A INPUT -m statistic --mode random --probability 0.005 -j DROP
$ sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -m statistic --mode random --probability 0.005 -j DROP

Results in:

--- rpi01-wifi.smythies.com ping statistics ---
1000 packets transmitted, 967 received, 3% packet loss, time 253840ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.876/7.583/536.867/36.065 ms, pipe 3

See also here.


How to update rails version from 2.3.14 to 3.2.11?

Based on this very similar question on StackOverflow you just need to install the -dev package of your Ruby version installed, e.g.:

sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev

And then re-run the gem installation.


Do LXD containers count towards Landscape Free Tier's machine count?

The free tier license which comes with on-premises installations currently includes both 10 full (physical machines) seats and 50 container seats. You can see on the license page (which you can access at https://your-server/account/standalone/licenses) how many you have of each type and how many of are in use.


Ubuntu 14.04lts, USB Keyboard and USB mouse Just stop working

Problem solved.  I don't know the technical reason why it is fixed.  The program that I first noticed the problem had a extension add-on that collected data from google.  I didn't use the add-on any longer but didn't see any reason to remove it.  For what ever reason, the add-on was causing the problem or else, the software update for 14.04 I received yesterday fixed the problem.  Anyway, it's fixed.  Thanks one and all for at least looking at my problem.


Command in .bash_profile returns outdated result

In the command alias btcblock="echo $(...)/$(...)", the two $()s are executed and interpolated when the alias is defined, because this is how "..." quoting works.

You probably wanted to write alias btcblock='echo $(...)/$(...)', with ' (single quotes) instead of " (double quotes).


USB MP3 player suddenly has restricted permissions. Is this a udev issue?

I mount my several mp3 players under my $HOME/mnt/mp3 directory, using lsblk, followed by my fixmp3 script, which is:

#!/bin/bash
# Umount, Repair (via fsck.fvat) and Mount a device (/dev/sdx)
# Walt Sullivan, Walt Sullivan Software, Ltd.

# determine my name
me=$0
me=${me##*/}

# -h or --help
help () {
    cat >&2 <<EOF
${me} [-h|--help] [-d|--debug] [-v|--verbose]
${me}: FIXME put your help message here FIXME .

EOF
    exit 2
}

declare -i debug=0 verbose=0

TEMP=`getopt -o dhv --long debug,help,verbose \
     -n 'FIXME.bash' -- "$@"`

if [[ $? != 0 ]] ; then echo "${me} --help for help." >&2 ; exit 1 ; fi

# Note the quotes around `$TEMP': they are essential!
eval set -- "$TEMP"

while true ; do
    case "$1" in
        -d|--debug) debug=1; shift;;
        -h|--help) help; shift;;
        -v|--verbose) verbose=1; shift;;
        --) shift; break;;
        *) echo "Internal error! ${me} --help for help";exit 1;;
    esac
done

NEED_sudo="sudo "
uid=$( /usr/bin/id -u )
[ $uid -eq 0 ] && NEED_sudo=
# Use ${NEED_sudo} as a prefix for commands that need to run as root
#${NEED_sudo}wc -l /etc/shadow
while [[ $# -gt 0 ]] ;do
    target="$1"
    shift
    mntdir="$HOME/mnt/mp3/${target##*/}"
    [[ -d "$mntdir" ]] || mkdir --mode=755 "$mntdir"
    ${NEED_sudo}umount $target
    ${NEED_sudo}fsck.vfat -w -y $target
    ${NEED_sudo}mount -t vfat -o rw,user,users,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1000,gid=1000,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,showexec,utf8,flush,errors=remount-ro,uhelper=udisks2 $target $mntdir
done
exit 0

I've had to add myself to several groups to gain the system management access I want. This may not apply to your problem, but:

walt@bat:~(130)$ id
uid=1000(walt) gid=1000(walt) groups=1000(walt),4(adm),7(lp),20(dialout),24(cdrom),27(sudo),101(systemd-journal),106(input),113(lpadmin),141(wireshark),142(motion),143(libvirtd)

Here's what journalctl tells me when I plug in my Sansa Clip Zip:

Aug 09 21:15:11 bat kernel: usb 1-1.5: new high-speed USB device number 67 using ehci-pci
Aug 09 21:15:11 bat kernel: usb 1-1.5: New USB device found, idVendor=0781, idProduct=74e5
Aug 09 21:15:11 bat kernel: usb 1-1.5: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
Aug 09 21:15:11 bat kernel: usb 1-1.5: Product: Sansa Clip Zip
Aug 09 21:15:11 bat kernel: usb 1-1.5: Manufacturer: SanDisk
Aug 09 21:15:11 bat kernel: usb 1-1.5: SerialNumber: 671DE90B6751C3A80000000000000000
Aug 09 21:15:11 bat kernel: usb-storage 1-1.5:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
Aug 09 21:15:12 bat kernel: scsi host6: usb-storage 1-1.5:1.0
Aug 09 21:15:12 bat mtp-probe[7103]: checking bus 1, device 67: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.5"
Aug 09 21:15:12 bat mtp-probe[7103]: bus: 1, device: 67 was not an MTP device
Aug 09 21:15:12 bat kernel: scsi 6:0:0:0: Direct-Access     SanDisk  Sansa Clip Zip 4 v01. PQ: 0 ANSI: 0
Aug 09 21:15:12 bat kernel: scsi 6:0:0:1: Direct-Access     SanDisk  Sansa Clip Zip 4 v01. PQ: 0 ANSI: 0
Aug 09 21:15:12 bat kernel: sd 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0
Aug 09 21:15:12 bat kernel: sd 6:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
Aug 09 21:15:12 bat kernel: sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] 7683072 512-byte logical blocks: (3.93 GB/3.66 GiB)
Aug 09 21:15:12 bat kernel: sd 6:0:0:1: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk
Aug 09 21:15:13 bat kernel: sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
Aug 09 21:15:13 bat kernel: sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 04 00 00 00
Aug 09 21:15:13 bat kernel: sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] No Caching mode page found
Aug 09 21:15:13 bat kernel: sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
Aug 09 21:15:13 bat kernel:  sdb:
Aug 09 21:15:13 bat kernel: sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk


How do I get an Intel Wireless 3168 802.11ac wireless card to work?

You have an issue with firmware for the device with the 4.7 kernel
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.161_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux-firmware_1.161_all.deb

Reboot into the 4.7 kernel and your wireless should function


Can Canonical give me official support for promoting an Ubuntu install fest?

One possibility is Ubuntu donations funding. The person who applies needs to be an Ubuntu member.

How to apply for funding Applying for funding is simple. Please first
review the guidelines above and then simply go to this form and fill
in the form and we will follow up with you soon.
Examples   Here are some examples of common areas we will likely fund:

Sponsorship for upstream events and LoCo Team events.
LoCo costs (e.g. postage costs for sending equipment to different team members).
Equipment (e.g. if a community member wants to add support for the equipment to Ubuntu).
Travel (e.g. coverage of full or part of the expenses for attending an event).

Here are some things we will not fund:

Anything illegal.

Sending a check for an amount to an individual or
team.

Q: What can I ask for funding for?
A: You can ask for funding for
items that needs purchasing that bring value to the Ubuntu community
(e.g. sponsorship of an event, equipment, travel etc). Please note
that we will only approve requests where the money will benefit the
Ubuntu family of projects (Ubuntu and flavors).


System doesn't boot when ubuntu is installed on an SSD

What you could try, is to install the bootloader GRUB2 on the conventional HDD, while having the root (/) partition on the SSD. You probably need to partition your hard drives manually to be able to change this setting (see this screenshot I found here - "Device for Bootloader-Installation"). By having GRUB installed on the HDD, you should be able to tell your BIOS to boot Ubuntu from the HDD, while all system files are loaded from the SSD (More accurately: You'll load approximately 440 Bytes from the HDD before everything else is loaded from the SSD).

It might nevertheless happen, that a driver is required for the SSD, and that GRUB therefore can not access the files on it. In that case, I'm afraid that you might have to put the /boot directory on a separate partition on the HDD (I'd say at least 200 MB in size - Ubuntu keeps some outdated kernels there in case an update goes wrong). This can be easily done by manually partitioning your hard drives using the normal ubuntu installer. By this, still most system data will be loaded from the SSD, only the kernel (approx 5 MB) and the initial ram disk (approx 15 MB) will be loaded from the HDD.


Realtek RTL8188EE wifi-adapter not working on ubuntu gnome 16.04

So, i solved my problem by myself. I created script with that code and modified file in this directory

    /etc/rc.local

with this code:

    /usr/sbin/scriptname

After every reboot/shutdown script runs when os is loading. I made like 5 reboots and wi-fi is still working.


Ubuntu won't allow me to merge two partitions

The partition '/dev/sda8' which you refer to as 'F' would need to be emptied, and deleted, moved adjacent to the '/home' partition and then have '/home' expanded into it.  Do accomplish all of this, you will need to have a liveUSB to boot from, as you will be moving the '/' (root) partition during the process.  In order, the steps would be:

Boot into your regular Ubuntu session.
Using the file manager, navigate to /media/picard/18..... (I'm not going to type the full name)
Copy all files that you want to retain from this partition, to someplace in your '/home' directories
Boot using the liveUSB
Start gparted from the liveUSB
Delete the partition '/dev/sda8'
Move the partition '/dev/sda5' as far to the right as possible.  This will place the unpartitioned space next to your home partition, and will take some time to finish.
Expand your home partition to include the unpartitioned space.
Reboot your computer, booting from the hard disk into Ubuntu
After rebooting (which may take longer than normal) examine your file '/etc/fstab' using the command sudo nano /etc/fstab.  If you see a line mounting a partition into '/media/picard/18...' place a # at the beginning of the line, and save the file by pressing ctrl+o and then ctrl+x


When will apt-get upgrade update Apache 2.4.7 to 2.4.12

TL;DR Your questions can not be answered definitively.

I do not think there will be more greater updates in Trusty, except security updates. To install version 2.4.10 you need at least Utopic. But even in Wily is currently no version 2.4.12.

You can download and compile Apache HTTP Server 2.4.12 (httpd). That's more secure than adding a PPA and you do not have to wait for Ubuntu updates. A bumpy road, but passable. ;)

cd
wget http://apache.openmirror.de//httpd/httpd-2.4.12.tar.gz
tar xf httpd-2.4.12.tar.gz
cd httpd-2.4.12
./configure
make
make install

There would be a lot of missing dependencies in the configure step. These must be resolved before you can compile with make.


sudo apt install firefoxdriver does what?

The firefoxdriver package in Debian GNU/Linux and Ubuntu only works with long obsolete versions of firefox. As far as I know, Ubuntu doesn't have a geckdriver package that works with current firefox versions, so you have to download them separately.Selenium should then automaticlaly use it as long as you start it yourself or it is in the path.

Official releases can apparently be found on github: https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases


I was having this same problem lately and find out that some wifi cards like Realtek RTL8723BE have some problems. In my case it was same. I got a solution for this on Ubuntu forums.

Solution :

Download the driver from this Git repository.
Unzip the package and open terminal in that folder.
$ make
$ sudo make install
$ sudo modprobe -rv rtl8723be
$ sudo modprobe -v rtl8723be ant_sel=2

Note :

You have to do these tasks on every kernel upgrade.


Empathy new message field does not wrap to next line, but increases the window width instead

There was (is) a bug on empathy that is described here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/empathy/+bug/509866

I am not sure if that is the same issue you are having but there is a workaround described on the bug report for it.

Have a look and gl ;)


Ubuntu 14.04 does not start since I stopped BleachBit process

You can do it through recovery mode

restart the machine

press shift continous until start with recovery mode

select advance mode

then select recovery image enter it

follow the process

after reboot

you machine working fine


Unable to record sound from web browser (firefox / chromium ) using recordmydesktop

Using the preview thumbnail on the main window.
Using the “Select Window” button.
Using the “Select Area on Screen” function of the tray pop up menu.

-To select on the thumbnail, simply left click on it and drag the mouse. Release it when you have covered the area that you want recorded. Right clicking on the preview widget will restore the recording area to full screen.

-To confine the recording on one window, click on the “Select Window” button. The cursor will change to a cross. Now click on the window you wish to record and the area will be selected. Using the “Select Window” button will only set the area. If you move the window, the area will remain unchanged. By default the window decorations will be included in the recording area. This can be changed at Advanced->Misc. To use the “Select Window” button, you need to have the xwininfo utility installed.

-Finally, to select an area with more precision, right click on the tray icon and click on “Select Area on Screen”. When you do that, a screenshot of your desktop is picked and then overlayed as full screen over your desktop. Left click and drag to select an area. When you release the mouse button, the overlayed screenshot will disappear. You can also right click to cancel the selection process.

-After you have finished using any of the above methods, the area you have selected will be shown in the the preview window. Depending on your settings, an optional frame might also appear on your real display, around the recording area.

source


The answer was given here. I had to manually re-enable Chrome's PPA that had been disabled automatically after upgrading from 12.04 to 12.10. For some reason the software origins GUI wouldn't let me change it there so I had to edit the PPAs files by hand.


Can't write to /dev/sdc, because it is opened read-only

Because a dd does not work

dd: failed to open ‘/dev/sdc’: Read-only file system

and you, as you say, also have no hardware write protection, I suspect a hardware defect. You can try to change the stick, if you have warranty.


That tutorial links to some random deb on the internet (you shouldn't trust posts like that), so it's likely that deb is out of date.

Instead try installing it from the developer's PPA and see if you get the error still. If you still do then you need to file a bug on that page with the brightness-indicator developers so they can see if it's a code problem.

How do I report a bug?
What are PPAs and how do I use them?


How to recieve call to custom URL handler in Ubuntu Touch QML

Solution for 14.04 (Easy, QML only)

The following QML code will work on 14.04 only because it requires Qt >= 5.1 (and Trusty provides 5.2.1).

You can have a .desktop file containing:

Exec=/usr/bin/qmlscene %U /path/to/your/qml-app/myapp.qml
MimeType=x-scheme-handler/myapp

and use Qt.application.arguments[1] to receive the URL content.

Solution for 13.10 (requires C++)

The .desktop file is very similar to the previous one but here qmlscene is replaced by the name of your app:

Exec=/path/to/your/binary_app %U
MimeType=x-scheme-handler/myapp

For 13.10, you'll have to use some C++ and parse the arguments using this type of application:

#include <QtGui/QGuiApplication>
#include "qtquick2applicationviewer.h"
#include <QQmlContext>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
    QtQuick2ApplicationViewer viewer;

    // Register the URL with the QML runtime
    viewer.rootContext()->setContextProperty("url", app.arguments().at(1));

    // Now, load the main page
    viewer.setMainQmlFile(QStringLiteral("qml/myapp.qml"));
    viewer.showExpanded();
    return app.exec();
}

You'll be able to get the url from QML thanks to setContextProperty().

Visit Embedding C++ Objects into QML with Context Properties for further details.


What's the Windows ping -t (continue until interrupted) equivalent in iputils ping

Only ping 166.18.0.1 would do.

In Ubuntu by default ping continues to run indefinitely unless you mention a limit (by the -c option), so ping 166.18.0.1 is the same as windows ping 166.18.0.1 -t.

In Ubuntu the -t option of ping is to set a TTL value, as you have inserted the -t option without giving a TTL value you are getting the error saying you need to give a value to -t.

If you need to change the ICMP packet size from 64 bytes to 32 bytes:

ping -s 24 166.18.0.1

As 8 byte ICMP header is added so the total packet size would be 24+8=32 bytes.

Check man ping to get more idea.


Ok, so  - http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1598930 and do exactly what is written and it's fixed, THANKS!


ubuntu 12.10 disk partition after installation


I have found the solution: sudo chown root:root /usr /usr/lib /usr/share


How to transfer PlayOnLinux and all it's files into my secondary hard drive

I modified a post which I created in another thread and assume your SSD (or second hard drive in general) is already accessible, if I am wrong read the upper part of this.
Moving Programs

An easy way to move programs onto the second hard disc is creating symlinks:

With a symlink you move the actual file to another place and you on the former place create a symlink which directs to the new place - explained in easy words. I recommend, that before you move files you make a copy of them with an alternative name and delete them first, when everything is working.

Now search for the programs/files you want to have on your second disc, it's likely that they are stored under  /usr/bin, /usr/sbin or /binⁱ. For steam's directory look this post.

Make a backup of them in the same directory
 sudo cp <PATHtoFILE>/<filename> <PATHtoFILE>/<filename>_backup #it doesnt matter how you name your copy.

Then copy your file on the second hard disc:
 sudo cp <PATHtoFILE>/<filename> /media/<user>/<nameOfyourDrive>/<filename> # the mountpoint you created earlier, your second hard disc

And now you are able to create a symlink to its former place:
 sudo ln -s /media/<user>/<nameOfyourDrive>/<filename> <oldPath>/<filename> #creates a symbolic link from the old path to the second hard drive

Test the programs or files, which you intend to move: If you recognize, that everything is working nicely, you can delete the backup, which you hopefully created earlier:

 sudo rm [-r] <PATHtoFILE>/<filename>_backup # removes backup-file or directory: '-r' only, when it's a directory

ⁱ Matter, that it's not sure that all parts of the programs are here. It may be possible, that they are in different directories or separated into more than only one. Furthermore it's likely that they access libraries from /usr/lib/or from elsewhere in the filesystem.


Which programming-model does Ubuntu follow?

In general, there is no stipulated language or programming model for Ubuntu.

In Ubuntu, you can use just about any programming language to create your application(s), so long as the language is supported via any bindings and libraries that it requires.

For example, you can write application for Ubuntu that target either GTK+ or Qt, which both support several languages (C++, Python, Java, etc). GTK+ specifically is written in C, but many applications which target GTK+ use Python.

Other (non-default) targets (GUI related I mean), include EFL (Enlightenment Foundation Libraries) and Tk. Both of these have bindings in various languages.

So, in a nutshell, it really doesn't matter what you use, or which programming model (Object-Oriented, Procedural, etc) you prefer. Ubuntu is open to any of them.

For more you can see this site: http://developer.ubuntu.com - which will give you tutorials and other relevant information.


Sublime text showing previous version icon

UnInstall it

sudo apt-get remove sublime-text && sudo apt-get autoremove

And install it back

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/sublime-text-3
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install sublime-text-installer

will fix this.


How to get touchpad working again on an Asus k53br?

It's possible that the touchpad has been disabled. Try using the key combination for re-enabling it. OR to re-enable it via the command line follow these steps:

Run xinput list in the terminal (the shortcut key combination for terminal is Ctrl+Alt+t).
Check whether you can see the touchpad in the list. In my computer it shows AlpsPS/2 ALPS DualPoint TouchPad.

Now run the following command:

xinput set-prop 15 "Device Enabled" 1

Here 15 is the device id.

However, as this Ubuntu Wiki page says, it can be due to a bug. You should go to the mentioned page and check the section named In case your Touchpad stops working after a while.


You can get and use Kubuntu's start menu this way:

Start a terminal window and run
ssh -X <user@IP-adress-of-your-Kubuntu>

and (in the ssh session) run
plasmawindowed org.kde.plasma.kicker

and select your application with the GUI name (instead of guessing the command line name).

You can make an alias for the long command line to make things more convenient.

When I tested it, I found that the menu was dead after starting a program, so you must exit and re-start the menu, when you need it again.

I found this method at the following link,

Run KDE applet from command line (within i3wm)

Edit:

In the Ubuntu family flavours and many other Linux distros, the desktop files to start application programs are stored in the directory /usr/share/applications. If you open your file browser there, you can start your programs by clicking the icons of the desktop files, in Kubuntu via
dolphin /usr/share/applications


Your LANGUAGE value is invalid. I really don't know, but possibly it confuses your system. Since you apparently don't want to use a language priority list anyway, you may want to drop the setting of LANGUAGE.


Internet is not working on VM - Black Screen - Ubuntu 13.04/16.04 Guest and Windows 10 Host

Well, after a long discussion in chat, we got everything resolved :)

There were multiple issues at play:

Making sure the OP used a supported LTS release (He was originally using an EOL standard release)
Making sure the OP's CPU supported VT-X
Making sure that VT-X was enabled in the BIOS
Making sure that Hyper-V was disabled, as Hyper-V and VBox cannot coexist
Making sure that the VM was set to "Ubuntu 64-bit" instead of "Ubuntu 32-bit"
Making sure the OP knew how to spell Ubuntu :P

In the end, everything was resolved and the VM worked fine.


Connecting to existing terminal from iPhone to Ubunutu desktop

I suggest you install and keep screen running. It's a terminal multiplexer, in other words - terminal session splitter.

You have to have multiuser mode enabled to that you can attach to that session. So inside the terminal on the server, press Ctrl+a , then immediately Shift+;. The bottom of the screen will highlight and you will see a semicolon there. Type in multiuser on.

Now, from another computer you can SSH into your server, and type in screen -ls to know the title of the session. Example:

xieerqi:$ screen -ls
There is a screen on:
        4704.pts-5.eagle        (11/24/2015 01:23:04 AM)        (Multi, attached)

Type in screen -x sessionTitle to attach. Example:

screen -x 4704.pts-5.eagle

Now you're back to the existing session.

To detach, use Ctrl+A, followed by d


You need to place the linker options to the end of the compile command, like so:

g++ main.cpp -o main -lGL -lGLU -lglut

g++ may process command line options sequentially, meaning that it will see that you want to link against GL, GLU and glut but no code is actually using them so they can be dropped, only then tries to compile main.cpp, resulting in the errors.


To add files to your dropbox that are located outside your dropbox folder you can create a hardlink to the file. This creates a link in the filesystem table such that the file appears to be in two places at once, so editing either the file from your dropbox folder or from the original location will change the same file.

Also when you create a hardlink instead of a symlink the file will remain on your drive as long as there is at least one reference to the file. So if someone else deletes the file from the dropbox your local copy outside the dropbox folder remains.

Creating a hardlink is simplest from the commandline, open a terminal and enter ln <target file> <link name>. So if you have a file ~/important.txt and want it to be in your dropbox under a folder shared_folder the complete command is ln ~/important.txt ~/Dropbox/shared_folder/important.txt.


Short answer: Yes, you can; but you shouldn't.

Long answer: You can remove most of the sudo and pkexec password prompts, but you should try a less intrusive/brute-force approach.

I think you can achieve what you are looking for without the need of a fully password-free system (but you can use this instructions to apply them to your user), anyway you'll have to be very carefull about what your app does, because you can break and mess your system, and maybe your hacker Dog too :) .

You can create a group and add a rule to sudoers file which grants users from this group to run sudo commands without password.

First create a new group let's say sudonopw with sudo addgroup sudonopw.
Next add the user who should run you app with sudo usermod -aG sudonopw targetUserName.
Then edit the sudoers file running visudo from terminal, and add the following just before the line #includedir /etc/sudoers.d (keep that line as is, is not a comment):

# Allow members of group sudonopw to execute any command without password
%sudonopw ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

Also if your app is launched from GUI and displays a graphical (polkit) password prompt, you can create a polkit file removing the need for a pasword promt (I'm not get tired to warn about security and stability implications) for the same or other group.

To do this, create the file 99-nopassword.pkla in /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/ with:

sudo nano /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/99-nopassword.pkla

And add the following content:

[No password prompt]
Identity=unix-group:sudonopw
Action=*
ResultActive=yes

Save and reboot.

Hope it helps.


Background black or colors after closing lid

Based on personal experience I'd recommend increasing your swap size:

Depending on your settings it's possible your laptop isn't just sleeping but hibernating. This is actually an important distinction. When your laptop hibernates the current state is saved in the swap partition of your hard drive. When you return the state is loaded back into ram. If your swap partition isn't large enough to save the state, you get a black screen or other weird problems. The ubuntu website recommends the swap size be the size of your ram + square-root(size of ram) if your computer is going to hibernate. See this question for how to increase the size.

If that isn't the problem, you could try some general fixes for screen tearing, which may solve the issue, though it seems unlikely to me. It's pretty hardware-specific so you might need to try a few questions. This one can get you started.

Good luck!


Not a one-line answer, but you can use curl and the Twitter API to build a request and post a tweet. Requires some reading though!


Ubuntu 10.10 is EOL ; so it's better to download and install a fresh ISO of Ubuntu.

There are major changes in Ubuntu, so it's beter to work from scratch than to upgrade from 10.10

Please advise you first about the hardware specifications required for Ubuntu 12.04 or 12.10 it could be possible your computer has a hard time running Ubuntu 12.xx

information on upgrading
(This link I give you on how to, but as said before: it's more advisable to do a fresh install (personal experience) )


Having certain HOME directories located on the SSD will considerably speed up your overall system performance.

However I reverted that leaving all subdirectories in their standard location on my HOME on a hard drive simply because backups and restores are easier then. Also in case you break something and will have to re-install your OS you will have to take extra care not to overwrite your symlinked directories on the SSD.

In case your SSD is big enough to hold most of HOME (which seems to be so in your case) you may consider putting less frequently used directories or those containing the big files on a separate hard drive and link e.g. ~/Music or ~/Videos to the hard drive location.

As the often heard agument that frequent write cycles to the SSD may wear it out earlier may be true but we do have to keep in mind that it also are just those frequent things we may want to have speeded up (then at the cost of the lifetime of our SSD).


Flash Player Videos Not Loading in Ubuntu 16.04/17.04/17.10

This worked for me in two acer laptops: Copy and paste in a terminal window:sudo apt-get install browser-plugin-freshplayer-pepperflash


What happened to the icons in my tray area?

Right click on the panel and click 'Add to panel', now search 'indicator applet', 'clock', 'notification area', 'main menu'... and click 'add' or drag and drop each one of them to the panel.


Ubiquity installer hangs after "Prepearing to install..."

When you boot to live session of Xubuntu, you need to go to 'System settings' and run 'GParted'. For fresh installation, you need to delete all partitions shown in a table (especially swap partition). Then apply changes and run installation from desktop.

Best regards,
Obsidian A.

Good luck!


How can I play audio through my AV Receiver wirelessly from my laptop

There are several different hardware and software solutions that can serve a wireless audio signal from our Ubuntu box to an audio receiver.
Wireless audio transmitter or Bluetooth
This is the oldest available technique working through an own wireless audio data transfer signal either by 2.4 GHz signal, or more recently through Bluetooth. For both techniques there are plenty of budget solutions coming with sender or receiver modules ready to plug in to our existing systems. In case our sender is already equipped with a Bluetooth module we will only need a single additional BT-module on the receiver side. This will be the most lightweight or least expensive solution.
Audio streaming through our local wireless network
To be able to stream audio to any audio receiver we need a device capable of connecting the audio receiver to our wireless network. It may be best to look for devices we already own to keep costs low. The receiveing device could be anything from:

a network-capable Smart-TV or BluRay/DVD-PLayer.
an outdated tablet-PC or smartphone.
a gaming console such as the XBox 360 you had mentioned.
an old first-generation Airport Express module.
a spare laptop or old computer capable of running a lightweight Ubuntu distribution.
a dedicated HTPC-box which could range from a RaspberryPi to a small factor mini-PC (e.g. NUC).

Receiving the audio streams through the wireless network
Depending on the hardware we chose we again have a choice of streaming methods depending on what the receiver supports.

Smart-TVs or an XBox can be attached as a DLNA renderer.
If possible we may receive our private Internet Radio we had created.
In case we run Ubuntu on the receiver side we can just use pulseaudio network streams.
Running xbmc/Kodi (or any other home theater application) on the receiver side lets us chose from several streaming methods including Internet Radio, Pulseaudio, or DLNA.


The generic default kernel (in 12.10 and onwards) already has PAE enabled.  Therefore I don't see it as being a risky thing to do.  Just grab the most up-to-date version of Ubuntu and enjoy.

Source: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PAE/Enabling

According to a commenter, this machine only has 512 MB of RAM available to it.  Physical Address Extension is only useful if you have more than 4 GB of RAM

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Address_Extension


Error while trying to install LoL through Playonlinux

I use q4wine and winetrix.

create a 32 bit XP prefix.

install: adobeair, directx9 and vcruntime 2015.

set dll override:msvcp140 and vcruntime140.

install LOL, or copy the riot games folder from another installation

make your launcher with q4wine

Note:client renderer randomly hangs. just end process and relaunch

PS: I'm using wine 2.01


You need to either wait until Ubuntu add libbrotli support to curl (maybe at Ubuntu 20) ... or recompile curl with brotli support.
"Recompile" may sound scary but actually is something rather easy, here you can find the instructions about it -> https://curl.haxx.se/docs/install.html (please ensure you add the new option --with-brotli and the libbrotli-dev package you mentioned above to work properly).


Can't boot after converting lvm2 root to lvm2 raid1

I hit this same problem on my Debian system; it turned to be caused by some necessary modules not getting installed in the initramfs.

Specifically, after adding these lines to /etc/initramfs-tools/modules:

dm_mirror
dm_raid
dm_region_hash

and running

update-initramfs -u -k all

my system boots correctly.

Note that I have not checked that all of these lines are actually necessary. I think the dm_raid module is missing by default at least.

After further searching, there is a Debian bug open against initramfs-tools over this issue: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=699804


Bootup service is not starting all process Ubuntu

Guys i figure out the problem, the service start befor mysql service but depends on mysql service.I add sleep in my startup script :)


How can one go about integrating messaging into an Ubuntu Touch App?

In the Messaging Menu Documentation, you can get a list of applications registered to the Messaging Menu. From there, you can send your text to any registered applications, although these will define their own actions, which do not seem to be standardized yet. Also, the API is still not fixed AFAIK, so you might need to change your code for each new major release.


Wifi is disconnecting after connecting for few seconds and not able to connect it again

If your kernel is 3.11, your only solution for the wifi is to upgrade the kernel.
I had the same exact problem when i was able to connect, then all of a sudden it disconnects, when i disable and enable it connects then it disconnects. so it was was fixed when i upgraded the kernel to 3.12.

Download it from here
http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/


I want to intall ubuntu alongside window 8

Hey you can dual boot a system very easily along with your windows operating system. Just follow the steps:
Download Ubuntu

You can download Ubuntu from ubuntu

Download Unetbootin

Unetbootin is the tool that I used to create a bootable USB drive with Ubuntu on it. To download Unetbootin visit unetbootin

Then after downloading it run Unetbootin
To create a bootable USB drive you need to insert a blank USB drive into a USB port and then select the disk image option.

Clicking on the button with 3 dots brings up a file browser and you should be able to find the downloaded Ubuntu ISO.

Make sure that the USB Drive is indeed in the drive letter specified and when you are happy that you aren't about to install somewhere you shouldn't click OK.

It takes a few minutes for Unetbootin to do it's stuff but ultimately you will end up with a bootable USB drive.

Turn off fast boot
To turn off fast boot you need to get into the control panel and then the power options.

To open the control panel move your mouse to the top right corner and then click on the settings icon that appears.

When the menu appears click on the control panel.

From within the Control Panel click on the "Power Options" icon.
From the "Power Options" screen look down the menu on the left side and select "Choose what the power button does".On the snappily titled "Define power buttons and turn on password protection" screen scroll down to the bottom.

There should be an option that says "Turn on fast startup". If this option doesn't appear click on the link at the top of the window that says "Change settings that are currently unavailable".

If the "Turn on fast startup" option is checked turn it off. I know that it says recommended but in this case it really isn't recommended.

Click the "Save Changes" button to continue.
Turn off secure boot

To turn off secure boot move your mouse to the top right corner and then click the settings option.

Now comes the ninja bit. Hold down the shift key and select "power" and "restart" whilst keeping the shift key held down. (Take out the USB drive if it is still plugged in).When you reboot a screen similar to the one above will appear. The option you should choose is the UEFI Firmware Settings.

At this point you will be taken into the UEFI settings for your make of computer and I can't write instructions for each make and model therefore Google is your friend (and not at all evil). Type in your make and model and search for UEFI settings.

When you are in the UEFI settings you are looking for the option that says something like "Secure boot" with the value set to "Enabled" and you want to set that option to "disabled".

Run the Ubuntu Installer
Clicking on the "Install Ubuntu 13.04" (or 12.04 if you are going LTS) brings up the Ubuntu installer.

The first step lets you choose the language for the installer.

If you speak English I recommend choosing English (unless you feel you need an extra challenge) and indeed if you aren't a native English speaker then choose the language you feel most comfortable using.

The preparation screen shows you whether you are fully prepared for installing Ubuntu.

As you can see from the screen image I had plenties of disk space and I was fully plugged in to the power but I didn't have an internet connection.

Having the internet connection set up lets you download updates on the go. I prefer to do it afterwards.

You will also notice the "install this third party software" checkbox which will make Flash and MP3s work straight away after the install.

If you aren't already connected to the internet now is your chance to get connected.

You can choose any one of your broadband connections.

I have 2 available to me and neither of them are any good.

I prefer to install first and update later so  leave the internet disconnected.

Partition the empty space

This bit is going to amend your hard drive partitions and if you didn't do a backup at the beginning this is the point of no return.

I highly recommend making sure you have created the correct recovery media before continuing.

I could have made the install process one big step but the partitioning takes a bit of explaining so I put this in a separate section.

There are 2 options available to you from the partitioning screen.
Erase disk and install Ubuntu
Something else
If you just want to install Ubuntu and forget Windows ever existed (and if you have tried Windows 8 nobody is going to blame you for making this decision) you can simply press continue .

This guide is about installing alongside Windows 8 and therefore to do this choose "Something Else"

The disk layout on the Dell Inspiron 3521 is quite involved.

What you should do is look for the large amount of unpartitioned space by scrolling down. (For the Dell it was /dev/sda7).

When you find the unpartitioned space click on the plus symbol and create a logical partition. Mount the partition to / and set the size to 50 gigabytes. Set the partition type to EXT4.

Now find the unpartitioned space again and click on the plus symbol and create another logical partition. Mount this one to /HOME and set the type to EXT4. The size should be virtually all the unpartitioned space minus about 16 gigabytes.

There is a lot said about how much swap space you need but as disk space isn't exactly expensive anymore I always just choosing 16 gigabytes which is way more than is actually required. (By quite some distance). You will therefore need to create a third partition in the unpartitioned space and choose SWAP as the type.

When it comes to choosing where to install the bootloader don't change a thing. Leave it pointing to "/dev/sda". Whatever you do don't choose one of the other partitions like "/dev/sda1" or "/dev/sda2" etc. This is one of the most common mistakes people make.

For the 3 partitions that you just created make sure the format checkbox is checked.

Do not continue unless you are really satisfied that you have done everything correctly and that you have a backup available in case of bad times.

Press Install to continue.
The installation will now continue and you will see files copied across and the installation taking place.

At this point you will be able to choose keyboard layouts, timezone and you will be asked to add a new user.

At the end of the install process you will asked if you want to restart the system or continue using the live version.

Reboot into the live image

At this point it is worth rebooting the computer to see what has happened.

When the computer has started to reboot remove the USB drive and let the bootup process begin as normal.

If you are lucky everything has worked perfectly well and you have a GRUB menu showing options for Windows and Ubuntu.

The reality is that you will be very lucky if that really has happened.

One of three things will have happened:
Ubuntu will have loaded
Windows will have loaded
Nothing loads
If either Ubuntu or Windows loads then you just have a bootloader issue, if nothing loads it is likely that you didn't turn off secure boot and probably have messages on the screen saying so.

Unless you have a perfectly running dual boot system plug your USB drive back in and reboot so that the live version of Ubuntu runs again.

SOURCE : http://www.everydaylinuxuser.com/2013/09/install-ubuntu-linux-alongside-windows.html


After Googling, your issue is commonly associated with either a bad hostname, or a misplaced socket file. This Article addresses the latter and proposes a solution.

Excerpt:

  To make your life easier, you can make a simple change to the MySQL
  configuration file /etc/my.cnf that will permanently set the socket
  file used by the mysql client. After making a backup copy of
  /etc/my.cnf, open it in your favorite editor. The file is divided into
  sections such as

[mysqld] datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql.server] user=mysql basedir=/usr/local/mysql

  If there is not currently a section called [client], add one at the bottom of the file and copy the socket= line under the [mysqld]
  section such as:

[client] socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

  If there is already a [client] section in the my.cnf file, add or edit
  the socket line as appropriate. You won’t need to restart your server
  or any other processes. Subsequent uses of the mysql client will use
  the proper socket file.


Right...
Well thanks to all support I found the solution in the end for lubuntu LXQt 18.10
Finally I got rid of my laptop shutting down instead of suspending after pushing the power button...
I realize a power button logically should switch off power, but since the last 15 of years or so, people are used to have their laptops suspending by pushing it.
For others that have the same annoying thing and getting no answer for this simple question try this:
open terminal and run this command:
sudo apt install gnome-settings-daemon
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power power-button-action suspend

and than install a text editor like gedit, and edit a file:
sudo apt install gedit -y;
sudo gedit /etc/systemd/logind.conf;

and paste these lines at the end of the file:
HandlePowerKey=suspend
PowerKeyIgnoreInhibited=yes

and use keys Ctrl+S  to save it.

Restart your laptop.

The power button should suspend your laptop now.


Permissions issue: how can Apache access files in my Home directory?

If your server documents are in /home/$USER/public_html directory you need to run

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /home/$USER/public_html

to give ownership of the DocumentRoot folder to the user www-data and group www-data.

Then you can add yourself to the group www-data

sudo adduser $USER www-data

Finally, you need to make the DocumentRoot folder writable by owner (www-data user) and to your self (as part of the www-data group):

sudo chmod -R 775 /home/$USER/public_html

For convenience you can make script named public_html_fix.sh with content:

#!/bin/bash

sudo adduser $USER www-data
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /home/$USER/public_html
sudo chmod -R 775 /home/$USER/public_html

Save it inside /home/$USER/bin and make it executable using:

sudo chmod +x /home/$USER/bin/public_html_fix.sh

Then you call it whenever you need, from wherever on the file system you happen to find yourself like this:

public_html_fix.sh


How can I change the name of a partition?

You don't need to change the label, only the mountpoint. First, run sudo nano /etc/fstab and change this line:

/dev/disk/by-uuid/8C5442D35442C026 /mnt/8C5442D35442C026 auto nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show 0 0

To this:

/dev/disk/by-uuid/8C5442D35442C026 /mnt/myDisk auto nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show 0 0

Of course, you can change myDisk to whatever name you want. Then, create the directory:

sudo mkdir /mnt/myDisk

Next, either reboot or just unmount the partition and mount it again:

sudo umount /mnt/8C5442D35442C026
sudo mount /mnt/myDisk

Alternatively, you could always simply create a symlink pointing to the existing mountpoint:

ln -s /mnt/8C5442D35442C026 $HOME/myDisk

Now, you have the directory $HOME/myDisk and you can use that instead of /mnt/8C5442D35442C026.


I got the same problem today, and found out the problem was related to rfkill. So I tried

$ rfkill list
0: hci0: Bluetooth
    Soft blocked: yes   <-- ah ah!
    Hard blocked: no
(...)

The command rfkill unblock 0 did the trick.

That being said, I have no idea why all of a sudden I ended up in that state... (or why the UI is not able to detect/fix that problem on its own).


Wifi issues with Ubuntu 14.04 on Realtek

Your wireless info says that the router is on channel 9. I doubt that you set the channel intentionally to 9 as it is an overlapped channel: https://www.metageek.com/training/resources/why-channels-1-6-11.html That suggests to me that the router is set to auto channel select, a very bad idea. Please see: https://superuser.com/questions/1311149/why-do-wifi-routers-do-such-a-bad-job-of-channel-selection

I suggest that you will have better luck with a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection.

If you did not have administrative privileges for the router, I’d recommend that you speak to the person that does, show them the superuser link I gave and ask them to instead use a fixed channel.

Also, in your scan results, we see Quality=42/70. You’ve indicated that you tried the ant_sel parameter available for your driver and I suggest that you now try  =2 if you now have =1 (or vice-versa) to see if the signal quality improves.

In our chat, after trying these steps, you confirmed that everything is working well.


How do I quickly (as quick as possible) list ten files from a very large directory, any files?

If your main concern is time and you want to list any 10 files, you should look at the -U option which means to list entries without sorting.

So you can do:

ls -U

For 10 files only, assuming no filenames with newline(s) or any unusual characters:

ls -U | head -10

A bit better would be to do this only by shell itself:

printf '%s\n' *

For 10 files:

printf '%s\n' * | head -10

Here is the timing stat on my system for 2000 files on my zsh:

( ls --color=auto foobar* | head -10; )  0.044 total
( ls --color=auto -U foobar* | head -10; )  0.020 total
( printf '%s\n' foobar* | head -10; )  0.013 total

Also note that, some of these might well trigger ARG_MAX if you have many files in the directory, in that case use need to use some other ways like find or a shell loop.


How to configure PyQt4 for Python 3 eclipse in Ubuntu?

Should be possible. The source sits at Riverbank's site. However, compiling it might not be a one-line deal but should work. Have a look at a thread over at the ubuntuforum where eranga1988 had a similar problem.

Further down in that thread CoBrA2168 seems to give a solution:

download both SIP and PyQt4 from the official website
install qmake, python3.1-dev, gcc-c++ (for the g++ command), and the libqt4-dev.
then the compilation worked along the following lines

  python3.1 configure.py

  make

  sudo make install
  note that some had to provide qmake's location to the call to python above:

  python configure.py -q /usr/lib/qt4/bin/qmake

where they got the path to qmake from locate qmake

You might have to tune this to your version of Python 3. Good luck.


Simply install Ubuntu on the USB stick as described here and install GParted and Clonezilla on it (if not already installed).


Error installing Apache2 in Ubuntu 12.04

Try completely purging apache2, then try to re-install again.

sudo apt-get remove apache2*

You can find the steps here...


/dev/sda is a good place to install it - installing onto a partition only works if you have some means of chain-loading your bootloader.


How to install Epson L210 scanner in Ubuntu 20.04 using terminal command?

I think the Epson scan software has a dependency on the "sane" package, (according to the manual). Try the following in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install sane

and see if that helps.


Technically, Ubuntu phone has the capability to run X.org applications on Mir (the display server that it uses) via Xmir. However, there aren't any officially supported applications.

However, this isn't perfect because Mir and X.org are different beasts, and so not all X.org applications will be able to be run with Xmir right away because of the amount of work it would take to port them.

That said, LibreOffice would appear to be an application that was successfully working on Xmir.

However, there is still no mobile-optimized application for doing this on Ubuntu Mobile, so I'm not sure how useful running straight LibreOffice would be on Ubuntu Mobile because of scaling and just having the UI not meant to be used on such a small screen.

Basically your best bet would be to use Google Docs or Microsoft Office 365, since those are web-based applications and can be used on mobile.

Something to note on your way out, LibreOffice is currently beng ported (in beta still) to Android. So, I'm guessing there will be an Ubuntu Mobile port in the not too distant future.


Is there a way to control speed internet access to wireless connections?

This can control Upload and Download Speeds: sudo apt-get install wondershaper && wondershaper --help


To enable Hibernation in 20.04:
Increase swapfile size to match RAM size up to 8GB.

Check the swap that is in use:
sudo swapon -s

If swap partition(s) found:
sudo swapoff -a
sudo nano -Bw /etc/fstab

Add "# " before the UUID of the swap partition(s):
# UUID=XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX   none   swap    sw     0       0

Add a line for the swapfile, if one does not exist:
swapfile   none    swap     sw      0       0

Create the swap file:
sudo fallocate -l XG /swapfile*

Where X is the swapfile size in GB
    sudo mkswap /swapfile

    sudo chmod 0600 /swapfile

    sudo swapon /swapfile

Reboot:
sudo reboot

Add resume location and offset to grub.cfg:

Edit /etc/default/grub:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash resume=UUID=XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX resume_offset=XXXXX"

Use UUID from root.

Use offset from sudo filefrag -v /swapfile |grep " 0:"| awk '{print $4}'

Update GRUB
sudo update-grub

Test hibernation
sudo systemctl hibernate

A hibernate button can be added using gnome extensions.
*There is a slight possibility of getting holes in a swapfile when creating it with fallocate. /var/log/syslog can be searched for the phrase swapon: swapfile has holes to ensure there will be no data loss.
A swapfile can alternatively be created using dd: sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1G count=8 An error when using dd may overwrite your HDD


One way is to route the traffic, without using the network bridge:

ip route add 10.0.6.0/24 via 192.168.0.16 dev eth1

A solution with network bridge is still welcome!

Another way is, to use a bridge interface on host (br0), not the kvm bridge. The containers get there IPs from the host.


Open dconf-editor and navigate to org > gnome > terminal > legacy > profiles. Here choose your profile by its internal ID (if you have multiple then just go though them to find the right one) and fix custom-command to be the empty string, or exit-action to be hold or restart.

Update: Another solution that just occurred to me is to execute gnome-terminal -e bash and then simply fix it the Preferences dialog.


Since nobody could tell me how to do exactly what I wanted, here's the solution I came up with:

Disabling the touchpad/mouse

$ xinput --list
⎡ Virtual core pointer                          id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ FSPPS/2 Sentelic FingerSensingPad         id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                         id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Sleep Button                              id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=9    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ USB2.0 UVC PC Camera                      id=10   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=11   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ MSI Laptop hotkeys                        id=13   [slave  keyboard (3)]

As we can see, my touchpad is the one with id=12. To disable it, I need to run:

$ xinput set-int-prop 12 "Device Enabled" 8 0

and to enable it again:

$ xinput set-int-prop 12 "Device Enabled" 8 1

Getting the lid state

First of all, I can get the state of the lid on my system from this file:

$ cat /proc/acpi/button/lid/LID0/state
state:      open

When I close the lid, the state becomes closed.

Now to get the state as a variable, I can check the exit status of a nifty grep command:

$ grep -q closed /proc/acpi/button/lid/*/state
$ echo $?
1

So to enable or disable the touchpad depending on the lid state, all I need to do is:

$ grep -q closed /proc/acpi/button/lid/*/state
$ xinput set-int-prop 12 "Device Enabled" 8 $?

Hooking the ACPI lid event

To execute the above commands every time the lid closes or opens, I created the file /etc/acpi/local/lid.sh.post with the following content:

export XAUTHORITY=`ls -1 /home/*/.Xauthority | head -n 1`
export DISPLAY=":`ls -1 /tmp/.X11-unix/ | sed -e s/^X//g | head -n 1`"

grep -q closed /proc/acpi/button/lid/*/state
xinput set-int-prop 12 "Device Enabled" 8 $?

XAUHTORITY and DISPLAY need to be set in order to allow root (who runs the acpid process) to access the user's X session.


Changing the brightness stopped working in 13.10 Saucy Salamander

the only way to change brightness is to use this command

sudo su

echo 150 > /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness

all other solution does not work at the moment.
this is not my work around. I don't remember where I found this but it works and hats off to the person who gave this workaround :)

Using Ubuntu 13.10 64Bit Wubi on Lenovo Z570


How to add secondary icon pack incase primary icon pack doesn't have icons?

Please try this:
Install the gnome tweaks pkg.

sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

Open it, go to the appearance menu, then Icons, try to change for someone in the dropdown menu.
If you want add new icons, just download them and move the folder to /usr/share/icons folder, reopen Gnome Tweaks and choose it.


Fedora 19 uses a newer kernel (3.10). Please try to install and boot linux-image-generic-lts-raring, which will install the raring kernel (3.8).

If that does not work try the latest mainline kernel.


Firstly; to update grub, run

sudo grub-install /dev/sda (assuming /dev/sda is your hdd)

as for the restart, if you click the "shut down" button, restart is an option on the dialog which pops up.


How to install module.ko module without kernel signature or kernel rebuild in Ubuntu 16.04?

You either disable secure boot or sign the kernel module.

Personally, I disable secure boot in the bios.

See https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SecurityTeam/SecureBoot

Or to manually sign the kernel module see

https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/module-signing.txt

      ==============================          KERNEL MODULE SIGNING FACILITY
      ==============================

  CONTENTS

  Overview.
  Configuring module signing.
  Generating signing keys.
  Public keys in the kernel.
  Manually signing modules.
  Signed modules and stripping.
  Loading signed modules.
  Non-valid signatures and unsigned modules.
  Administering/protecting the private key.

  ======== OVERVIEW

  The kernel module signing facility cryptographically signs modules
  during installation and then checks the signature upon loading the
  module.  This allows increased kernel security by disallowing the
  loading of unsigned modules or modules signed with an invalid key.
  Module signing increases security by making it harder to load a
  malicious module into the kernel.  The module signature checking is
  done by the kernel so that it is not necessary to have trusted
  userspace bits.

  This facility uses X.509 ITU-T standard certificates to encode the
  public keys involved.  The signatures are not themselves encoded in
  any industrial standard type.  The facility currently only supports
  the RSA public key encryption standard (though it is pluggable and
  permits others to be used).  The possible hash algorithms that can be
  used are SHA-1, SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, and SHA-512 (the algorithm
  is selected by data in the signature).

  ========================== CONFIGURING MODULE SIGNING

  The module signing facility is enabled by going to the "Enable
  Loadable Module Support" section of the kernel configuration and
  turning on

  CONFIG_MODULE_SIG   "Module signature verification"

  This has a number of options available:

  (1) "Require modules to be validly signed" (CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_FORCE)

 This specifies how the kernel should deal with a module that has a
 signature for which the key is not known or a module that is unsigned.

 If this is off (ie. "permissive"), then modules for which the key is not
 available and modules that are unsigned are permitted, but the kernel will
 be marked as being tainted, and the concerned modules will be marked as
 tainted, shown with the character 'E'.

 If this is on (ie. "restrictive"), only modules that have a valid
 signature that can be verified by a public key in the kernel's possession
 will be loaded.  All other modules will generate an error.

 Irrespective of the setting here, if the module has a signature block that
 cannot be parsed, it will be rejected out of hand.

  (2) "Automatically sign all modules" (CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_ALL)

 If this is on then modules will be automatically signed during the
 modules_install phase of a build.  If this is off, then the modules must
 be signed manually using:

  scripts/sign-file

  (3) "Which hash algorithm should modules be signed with?"

 This presents a choice of which hash algorithm the installation phase will
 sign the modules with:

  CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_SHA1      "Sign modules with SHA-1"
    CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_SHA224    "Sign modules with SHA-224"
    CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_SHA256    "Sign modules with SHA-256"
    CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_SHA384    "Sign modules with SHA-384"
    CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_SHA512    "Sign modules with SHA-512"

 The algorithm selected here will also be built into the kernel (rather
 than being a module) so that modules signed with that algorithm can have
 their signatures checked without causing a dependency loop.

  (4) "File name or PKCS#11 URI of module signing key"
  (CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_KEY)

 Setting this option to something other than its default of
 "certs/signing_key.pem" will disable the autogeneration of signing keys
 and allow the kernel modules to be signed with a key of your choosing.
 The string provided should identify a file containing both a private key
 and its corresponding X.509 certificate in PEM form, or — on systems where
 the OpenSSL ENGINE_pkcs11 is functional — a PKCS#11 URI as defined by
 RFC7512. In the latter case, the PKCS#11 URI should reference both a
 certificate and a private key.

 If the PEM file containing the private key is encrypted, or if the
 PKCS#11 token requries a PIN, this can be provided at build time by
 means of the KBUILD_SIGN_PIN variable.

  (5) "Additional X.509 keys for default system keyring"
  (CONFIG_SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS)

 This option can be set to the filename of a PEM-encoded file containing
 additional certificates which will be included in the system keyring by
 default.

  Note that enabling module signing adds a dependency on the OpenSSL
  devel packages to the kernel build processes for the tool that does
  the signing.

  ======================= GENERATING SIGNING KEYS

  Cryptographic keypairs are required to generate and check signatures.
  A private key is used to generate a signature and the corresponding
  public key is used to check it.  The private key is only needed during
  the build, after which it can be deleted or stored securely.  The
  public key gets built into the kernel so that it can be used to check
  the signatures as the modules are loaded.

  Under normal conditions, when CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_KEY is unchanged from
  its default, the kernel build will automatically generate a new
  keypair using openssl if one does not exist in the file:

  certs/signing_key.pem

  during the building of vmlinux (the public part of the key needs to be
  built into vmlinux) using parameters in the:

  certs/x509.genkey

  file (which is also generated if it does not already exist).

  It is strongly recommended that you provide your own x509.genkey file.

  Most notably, in the x509.genkey file, the req_distinguished_name
  section should be altered from the default:

  [ req_distinguished_name ]  #O = Unspecified company    CN = Build time
  autogenerated kernel key  #emailAddress =
  unspecified.user@unspecified.company

  The generated RSA key size can also be set with:

  [ req ]     default_bits = 4096

  It is also possible to manually generate the key private/public files
  using the x509.genkey key generation configuration file in the root
  node of the Linux kernel sources tree and the openssl command.  The
  following is an example to generate the public/private key files:

  openssl req -new -nodes -utf8 -sha256 -days 36500 -batch -x509 \
       -config x509.genkey -outform PEM -out kernel_key.pem \
       -keyout kernel_key.pem

  The full pathname for the resulting kernel_key.pem file can then be
  specified in the CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_KEY option, and the certificate and
  key therein will be used instead of an autogenerated keypair.

  ========================= PUBLIC KEYS IN THE KERNEL

  The kernel contains a ring of public keys that can be viewed by root.
  They're in a keyring called ".system_keyring" that can be seen by:

  [root@deneb ~]# cat /proc/keys  ...     223c7853 I------     1 perm
  1f030000     0     0 keyring   .system_keyring: 1     302d2d52 I------
  1 perm 1f010000     0     0 asymmetri Fedora kernel signing key:
  d69a84e6bce3d216b979e9505b3e3ef9a7118079: X509.RSA a7118079 []    ...

  Beyond the public key generated specifically for module signing,
  additional trusted certificates can be provided in a PEM-encoded file
  referenced by the CONFIG_SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS configuration option.

  Further, the architecture code may take public keys from a hardware
  store and add those in also (e.g. from the UEFI key database).

  Finally, it is possible to add additional public keys by doing:

  keyctl padd asymmetric "" [.system_keyring-ID] <[key-file]

  e.g.:

  keyctl padd asymmetric "" 0x223c7853

  Note, however, that the kernel will only permit keys to be added to
  .system_keyring if the new key's X.509 wrapper is validly signed by
  a key that is already resident in the .system_keyring at the time the
  key was added.

  ========================= MANUALLY SIGNING MODULES

  To manually sign a module, use the scripts/sign-file tool available in
  the Linux kernel source tree.  The script requires 4 arguments:

  The hash algorithm (e.g., sha256)
  The private key filename or PKCS#11 URI
  The public key filename
  The kernel module to be signed

  The following is an example to sign a kernel module:

  scripts/sign-file sha512 kernel-signkey.priv \      kernel-signkey.x509
  module.ko

  The hash algorithm used does not have to match the one configured, but
  if it doesn't, you should make sure that hash algorithm is either
  built into the kernel or can be loaded without requiring itself.

  If the private key requires a passphrase or PIN, it can be provided in
  the $KBUILD_SIGN_PIN environment variable.

  ============================ SIGNED MODULES AND STRIPPING

  A signed module has a digital signature simply appended at the end.
  The string "~Module signature appended~." at the end of the module's
  file confirms that a signature is present but it does not confirm that
  the signature is valid!

  Signed modules are BRITTLE as the signature is outside of the defined
  ELF container.  Thus they MAY NOT be stripped once the signature is
  computed and attached.  Note the entire module is the signed payload,
  including any and all debug information present at the time of
  signing.

  ====================== LOADING SIGNED MODULES

  Modules are loaded with insmod, modprobe, init_module() or
  finit_module(), exactly as for unsigned modules as no processing is
  done in userspace.  The signature checking is all done within the
  kernel.

  ========================================= NON-VALID SIGNATURES AND UNSIGNED MODULES

  If CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_FORCE is enabled or module.sig_enforce=1 is
  supplied on the kernel command line, the kernel will only load validly
  signed modules for which it has a public key.   Otherwise, it will
  also load modules that are unsigned.   Any module for which the kernel
  has a key, but which proves to have a signature mismatch will not be
  permitted to load.

  Any module that has an unparseable signature will be rejected.

  ========================================= ADMINISTERING/PROTECTING THE PRIVATE KEY

  Since the private key is used to sign modules, viruses and malware
  could use the private key to sign modules and compromise the operating
  system.  The private key must be either destroyed or moved to a secure
  location and not kept in the root node of the kernel source tree.


fans detect by lm-sensors ( acer laptop)

Try to use fancontrol which is part of lm_sensors. Install lm-sensors:

sudo apt install lm-sensors

and configure it like here has been suggested.


LXC is similar to OpenVZ (OS level virtualization), in short LXC uses host OS file system directly. So the containers' file system (database data files) is accessible from the host anyway (Btrfs is recommended to take advantage of snapshot features).

If you consider using LXC, definitely take a look at Docker which is a nice wrapper for LXC (like Vagrant for VirtualBox) which makes it a lot easier and user-friendly. in addition, there are plenty of pre-built container templates ready for use.


How to set header and footer in libreoffice outside the border

You can't move the header / footer beyond the page margins. When setting up the page layout, the header / footer will always stay inside the page margins. The spacing between header / footer and main page content is set on the header / footer properties tab of the page's properties dialogue.

So:

to increase the space between header and the top of the main content area, you need to increase the spacing value on the Header tab of the Page Style dialogue (Menu Format -> Page).
to keep the top border of the main content area and to "move" the header upwards, you need to modify two values: decrease the page's top margin, and increase the spacing between header and main content by the same value.

For a visual description how the different page/header/footer properties affect the page layout, see my answer on superuser.


Is there a program that can make your mouse pointer jump to the next monitor?

You could use either of these in your config file:

keystroke(alt+left) = switchInDirection(left)
Switches to the screen to left when the left arrow key is pressed in combination with the Alt key.

keystroke(shift+control+alt+super) = switchToScreen(moe)
Switches to screen moe when all of the Shift, Control, Alt, and Super modifier keys are pressed together.

Via http://synergy2.sourceforge.net/configuration.html


You will have to create a 'boot' partition while installing Ubuntu so that grub may be installed in it. Otherwise, although Ubuntu may be installed, you will not be able to boot into it.

For instructions, refer to this page.


Localhost still exist after deleting xampp

You probably installed a webserver using the Software Centre. Therefore, even if XAMPP is removed, the webserver in Ubuntu still exists and is running.

To figure out which webserver is running (could be Apache2 or Lighttpd or something else), run

sudo lsof -i

It should output something like (this is shortened view):

COMMAND    PID   USER   FD   TYPE  DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
avahi-dae  923  avahi   13u  IPv4    9262      0t0  UDP *:mdns
avahi-dae  923  avahi   14u  IPv6    9263      0t0  UDP *:mdns
..............................................................

What you are interested in, is the ro that has *:www under the NAME column.

Once you find the line, then see what it says in the COMMAND column.
You can then remove the package using the Software Centre.


Copy everything in your /d/usr folder at the root of your /d partition if it's possible.

Then, instead of using a symlink, you can directly specify the /usr folder as the target mount folder in your fstab:

UUID=74e1363e-5493-4522-977f-c267751e9d1a /usr              ext4    defaults        0       2

You can refer to why can't /usr be a symbolic link on how to mount a folder in an already mounted partition.


Ubuntu think my text file is "C source code" file

In C (and many programming languages) we use "//" to inform compiler to ignore lines starting with that.

I tested myself and made a document like you, and it's treated like c source file too. I even made a document with "/* */" comments, which is also treated as c source file.

These are common for c so you shouldn't be surprised system believes it's source file.

Solution: don't start text files like that I guess.


Lubuntu should work well, it's a low ram version of Ubuntu that works well with older hardware.
And yes the installer will let you do a full disk install, which means it wipes anything that is already on the disk.


How to remove dropdown aggregate menu from GNOME 3?

You can do that by using the Extend Panel Menu GNOME shell extension.

Read this to learn about installing and managing GNOME extensions: How do I install and manage GNOME Shell extensions?


I can't see the next button (ubuntu installation on vmware)

I faced this in many occasions when using VirtualBox in low resolution, when dealing with both ubiquity (Ubuntu installer) or Debian installer.

Alt+F7 To move window, then use either the mouse or keyboard arrow keys to move the window around until you can see the buttons.
Left click to stop

Click the required button or fill the needed info. Move window back if needed with same combination.


Here's the official Firefox Beta PPA.

What are PPAs and how do I use them?

To add the PPA to your computer, run these commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/firefox-next
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Do note that unlike Firefox Nightly builds, you can't use Firefox stable and Firefox Beta releases concurrently.


How to edit Software and Updates' options in terminal?

The "Install updates from" option is basically your /etc/apt/sources.list file. It can be edited with this command:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Some lines are commented (with #) when they are disabled. Just remove the comment from the front to enable them.
If you're referring to the other options on the page, I can only find some of them:

"When there are other updates" is this dconf key, time is in days:

/com/ubuntu/update-notifier/regular-auto-launch-interval

"Notify me of a new Ubuntu version" is in the file /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades. Edit it with this command:

sudo nano /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades

There will be a line starting with Prompt=. Change this to never, normal or lts. It is also explained in the comments.

The other options I'm not sure of. I'm guessing that they are managed by a background service running as root. If you're interested, I found this with a dconf watch / command while changing the settings.


How to Install Ammyy Admin in Ubuntu 13.04

13.04 has gone end of life a while back so it will be better to upgrade to a supported release.

Besides that: they only supply Windows installers. You can ask them for a debian installer. But I would suggest looking for alternatives (like Teamviewer, TightVNC). Ammyy is not going to be for us.


Youtube does not work with cookies enabled on Ubuntu 13.04

You may be able to solve this by deleting the YouTube cookie for Firefox and Chrome.

In Firefox, this is done from Edit > Preferences > Privacy > Remove
Individual Cookies > [search for] "youtube"
In Chrome or Chromium, This can be done with  > Settings > Show Advanced Settings > Privacy > Content Settings > Cookies > Cookies and Site Data > [hover mouse over "youtube.com" and click the "X" on the right hand side]


You shouldn't compilea driver if you're a beginer. That's very hard.


Unable to mount CIFS share from /etc/fstab

according to (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MountWindowsSharesPermanently) should be:

//servername/sharename  /media/windowsshare  cifs  username=msusername,password=mspassword,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm  0  0

Try to look what you are doing wrong. Make it simple, remove the file_mode, user and gid, maybe the iocharset and sec variables as well.  If this will work, add always one...


Logging to remote server without specifying username

If same user you have in your system from which you want to login then no need to use username for login it will take default system user.
for example : your one system(client) have user test and your ssh server also have user test then no need to mention username like :

ssh username@myserver.com

you can use like:

ssh myserver.com
ssh serverip

make sure when you doing ssh you have login as that user in your client system.
yes, you can do for multiple users like your client system have user user1 , user2 , user3 etc. then you have to create that user in your ssh server also . then if you want to login then do like :

su - user1
ssh sshserverip

you will login as user1. if you do

su - user2
ssh sshserverip

you will login as user2.
If you want login as another user then you have to put username otherwise system will confuse which user have to login.

ssh username@serverip

or

ssh serverip -l username

or

if you want to do key based authentication then you have to add public key of all users in authorized_keys . for more info visit Ubuntu Documentation


networkd status - wlp1s0: Could not join netdev: Operation not supported

Try this as a starting point. Adjust the static addresses for your specific environment.

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp2s0:
      dhcp4: yes
      optional: true
    enp3s0:
      optional: true
    enp4s0:
      optional: true
  wifis:
    wlp1s0:
      access-points:
        "SSID":
        password: "SSID_pwd"
  bridges:
    br0:
      interfaces:
        - enp3s0
      addresses: [10.11.12.2/24]
      routes:
        - to: 0.0.0.0
          via: 10.11.12.1
          metric: 100
      nameservers:
        addresses: [8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4]
    br1:
      interfaces:
        - enp4s0
      addresses: [10.11.12.3/24]
      routes:
        - to: 0.0.0.0
          via: 10.11.12.1
          metric: 100
      nameservers:
        addresses: [8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4]


Issu while Installing Intel Parallel studio in Ubuntu 14.04

Make a directory and change into it:

mkdir $HOME/ips2015
cd $HOME/ips2015

Do a fresh download of installation file(s) to this directory. If necessary extract installation files from archiv. Change to the directory where install_GUI.sh is in and execute:

chmod 0755 install_GUI.sh
sudo ./install_GUI.sh

is that fails post the error messages and the output of the commando

find $HOME/ips2015 -ls


How can I make the draggable window border thicker, without changing the appearance?

Change the following parameters in the appropriate Metacity XML file.

Ambiance's theme is located in /usr/share/themes/Ambiance/metacity-1/metacity-theme-1.xml

The folowing parameters change the width of the borders and consequently the width of the re-size area:

"<distance name="left_width" value="1"/>"
"<distance name="right_width" value="1"/>"
"<distance name="bottom_height" value="1"/>"

By default they are set to "1", but I found that changing them to "4" doesn't change the appearance very drastically, but makes it very much easier to re-size using the mouse.


belkin modem cum router setup on Ubuntu 12.10 with BSNL broadband

Drivers are never needed for a Router. A router will always be accessed via a web page. You can determine the web page to go to by looking at your IP settings.

So if you execute the command ifconfig you get an output like

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 90:2b:34:36:50:55
          inet addr:192.168.1.144  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::922b:34ff:fe36:5055/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:95235 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:68090 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:2
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:124193612 (124.1 MB)  TX bytes:6263115 (6.2 MB)

This tells me web address is very likely to be at http://192.168.1.1 which is the lowest address for your segment.

As to internet not working first connect without router to see it works, which it probably does. then plug the cable into the WAN port and your computer into the LAN port on the back


Kubuntu: how to change system language, thus not only users language

You can edit /etc/default/locale. That file probably has this line:

LANG=en_US.UTF-8

Change it to:

LANG=nl_NL.UTF-8


No way to connect to my wifi - Dell m4800 - ubuntu 13.10x64bits

Since I got my M4800 I have been struggling with the exact same problem.

While I hope the next driver will simply solve everything, I did actually find something that works - at least a bit. Unfortunately it's not a permanent, but gets my Ubuntu Studio 13.10 to connect at maybe 2 of 3 logins.

I followed the recipe from this thread: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1783272&page=3

$ sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

Simply add:

blacklist mac80211
blacklist brcmsmac
blacklist cfg80211
blacklist wl
blacklist lib80211_crypt_tkip
blacklist lib80211

Save and close. Then open:

$ sudo gedit /etc/rc.local

And BEFORE the exit 0, add:

sleep 2
modprobe wl

Save. Reboot. Chances are your wifi might connect at next login. At least in Ubuntu Studio 13.10. In Mint I can not make it work.

I hope this will be useful for someone, at least for a while.


Problem while installing steam : libglapi-mesa:i386

The focal-updates which provide the required dependencies is missing in your sources. Edit your /etc/apt/sources.list as follow:
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse

then run:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386


What antivirus program can I use on Ubuntu?

As Rinzwind's answer explains the usefulness and necessity of such software is widely questioned.

However, should you decide your situation warrants it, you may want to know that Clam AV is a free open source antivirus toolkit designed for Linux/Unix systems. You can download the manual on the site.

It's available in Ubuntu repositories so you can install it with:

sudo apt install clamav

there is also a graphical front-end for it - Clam TK - this is optional, but you need clamav for clamtk to work. The devs describe it as:

  An easy to use, light-weight, on-demand virus scanner for Linux systems

To get this too:

sudo apt install clamtk


Postfix suggests a bunch of other packages on install.What are they and should I install them?

sasl2-bin

  This is the Cyrus SASL API implementation, version 2.1. See package  libsasl2-2 and RFC 2222 for more information.

  This package contains administration programs for the SASL users database and common binary files for plugin modules.

postfix-mysql, postfix-pgsql, postfix-ldap, postfix-pcre, postfix-cdb

Are all connections to external programmas: MySQK, Postgres, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, Perl Compatible Regular Expressions support, Constant DataBase

postfix-doc

Documentation


the connection between Mathematica and Ubuntu.

Mathematica is developed by Wolfram , Ubuntu - by Canonical. These two companies are not affiliated in any way, and their purposes are different.

Is it possible to have Mathematica on it?

As mentioned in other posts, yes, it is possible, there is desktop version for linux. Refer to the instructions here. The installation is done through bash script, so most likely the script will determine your linux distro and install .deb package (which is appropriate for Ubuntu). On Fedora that would be rpm package

Do you have to pay for it?

Mathematica is proprietary , so yes you will have to pay for it. My university offers free installation of Mathematica since I am a student, so you may want to check with your math or IT department regarding available software.

How to run Mathematica on Sage? (or other equivalent)

The best option would be to use Mathematica directly on the desktop instead of virtual machine, but if you insist, you might want to have it installed within windows virtual machine.

Where you can download Mathematica for Ubuntu 14.04?

On Wolfram's official website, but again - double check with your university/college. You may have free student version available.


Should I remove the swap partition on a system upgraded to 17.04?

Ubuntu 17.04 changed the default behavior of the installer from creating a swap partition to creating a swap file. (see the release notes).

With this noted, both Ubuntu pre-17.04 and post-17.04 support both a swap partition and a swap file.

As for whether you should switch or not, I'd look at a question specific to that for details. Summed up here for clarity though:

The main advantage of a swap file over a swap partition is that resizing a swap file is many times easier. Resizing a swap partition requires adjusting the partition layout, probably booting from a live disk if you want to do any real adjustment, and a lot of time to move your data around. The swap file is just a few commands, and can be done live.

In short, if you are happy with your current size of swap partition, there is no reason to change. It'll take just as much effort turning a swap partition into a swap file as it would resizing a swap partition, only difference being future resizes will be much easier.


Ubuntu 16.04 - 3 monitor support with Nvidia GeForce GT 710

Literally just bought a 2gb GeForce 710 and whacked it in my system (replacing a GTS 250 that could only run 2 screens).

Noveau drivers and nVidia drivers will use all three monitors without issue.

Tested on Ubuntu 16.04


What has Ubuntu contributed to the Linux Kernel?

I'm not sure this is really the best way to measure Ubuntu's contributions to the free software world, but it's easy enough to  look:

List of commits in mainline from @canonical.com addresses.
List of commits mainline from @ubuntu.com addresses


Can this spec do smooth and lag free flash?

I think so. I've got a Pentium D too, but with an AMD gpu, and it runs HD smoothly. With your configuration it will run even smoother ;)


I have modified my script as following:
Following script can be modified to work with other calculation packages ( here is use dalton).

Using
./<script name> <file1> <file2> (File1 and File2 are specific to the program I am using.)

    #!/bin/bash
    # Running QM-JOB: helix HPC
        d="$1"  # .dal file
        m="$2"  # .mol file
    dt=$(date  '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' )
    echo -e 'Job started @ '$dt'' >> ~/dalton/runlog.log
    cd /home/vayu/ChemPackage/dalton_mod/dalton # custom coded (ln 56,548,954)modified installation
    echo "-----------Scratch Disk Info-------------------"
    df -h /dev/md0
    echo "-----------------------------------------------"
    export DALTON_TMPDIR=/mnt/raid0/scratch
    export OMP_NUM_THREADS=6
    source /opt/intel/compilers_and_libraries_2017.0.098/linux/bin/compilervars.sh intel64
    source /opt/intel/mkl/bin/mklvars.sh intel64

    echo "//---------------process started-------------------//"
    dt1=$(date '+%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S');
    #following line calls the program and runs the job.
    ./dalton -b ~/dalton/ExtBasis -w  ~/dalton/calc/molecule -omp 6 -mb 15999 $d $m

    dt2=$(date '+%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S');
    dateutils.ddiff "$dt1" "$dt2" #time duration of job

    echo "//-----------------process FINISHED ----------------//"
    output=$( "$d"_"$m"".out")      ; echo $output
    tail -10 "$output" #last 10 lines of output file which tell me about the job's completion status(successful or failed !).
    echo "//--------------------------------------------------//"


Ensure that you're including the right file: etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf

If you used apt-get install phpmyadmin, you don't need to reference the apache.conf file, it is automatically configured.

Take a look at this post too:
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/articles/how-to-install-linux-apache-mysql-php-lamp-stack-on-ubuntu


Unable to connect to mail server via IMAP and roundcube

The solution was to reset the iptables then switch to using ufw.

I needed to run these commands:

sudo ufw disable
sudo ufw default deny
sudo ufw allow ssh
sudo ufw allow http
sudo ufw allow https
sudo ufw allow smtp
sudo ufw allow imaps
sudo ufw allow pop3s
sudo ufw enable
sudo ufw status

That combined with completely removing and installing dovecot from my system worked (a config file was corrupted). Roundcube works now correctly.


Failling install Ralink RT5592 driver on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

Instead of building the driver on your own, you can try the 2x00 driver that's part of the official kernel.

The commit history of /drivers/net/wireless/rt2x00/rt2x00.h in the official ubuntu kernel (HEAD also 3.13.y) trees show that in March 2013, some work was done to make the driver work with your chip. The PCI ID is listed, so it's worth trying.

You can also try to install a more recent kernel and see if it works, the official mainline kernel PPA has 3.14.1 for Trusty: http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/?C=N;O=D

Before doing this, read https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/MainlineBuilds


Cannot install PHP CURL, php5-common discrepency

Here is the best solution for you
I always use Synaptic Package Manager to fix such issues. Using it you can forcefully install other version of packages.

Fist install synaptic package manager if you don't have already installed:
 $ sudo apt-get install synaptic

Then open synaptic package manager -> click Custom Filters down-left -> click Broken top-left, it will list all broken packages(if you have, other wise it will show nothing) try to fix all broken packages. Also if any residual packages are there on more option you will get as residual packages.

Search for packages you want to downgrade/upgrade, highlight it by simply clicking on it do not mark(tick), chose Package from the menu -> Force Version and chose some other versions from the list. Then click Apply to downgrade/upgrade it. (You may also get that the selected package depends some other package, then search for that package and repeat this step till you fix all)

now try to install your actually packages, it would install without any problem.

You can get more help about How to use Synaptic Package Manager

Hope it works for you.


Run Firefox on ubuntu 14.04 automatically when it starts up

To start Firefox up when your session commences use the following steps:

Use the Dash to find and open Startup Applications
Click 'Add' and enter the command firefox in the Command field and confirm with 'Add'

Reference:

Startup Applications


sudo-apt get update stuck 0% at my router's ip address

Cannot say what could be the problem, but tell you what you can try to detect it:

Connect another device to the router. If it works, the router seems fine.
If you have wired connection, try changing the wire. If you have wireless connection, try changing the wireless device or connecting via Ethernet (wired). You can also try that wire in other devices that you know work fine. If these things (wire or wireless device) work in other devices, they are fine.
Check if your system detects the ports properly (USB, Ethernet, ...) and if you have their drivers installed. If you have, they are fine.
Try booting up from a LiveCD of your Linux distro and connecting to the router/Internet. If it works, the problem actually is in your installed system.
Check your networking configuration parameters (address, mask, gateway, ...). Your netmask is type B (16 bits = 255.255.0.0 by default, be careful).
Try "completely-uninstalling & reinstalling" the network manager to purge the current configuration and try with a fresh one.
And, finally, if the step 5 (LiveCD) worked for you, maybe you should consider reinstalling your operating system (save your "home-folder stuff" first)


How do I enable trackpad gestures (3 finger swipe, etc) on my Zenbook running Ubuntu 18.04 LTS?

I'm assuming you are using the default GNOME desktop, so these features are not exposed through the UI.
The good news is that there's program for that... but it may need to configure it manually. Luckily there are instructions, and they seem ubuntu-focused.


which packages are required to install wine in offline mode

Use Synaptic
Check Wine 1.4 for installation
From menu: File → Generate package download script
Use that script within the on-line machine to download all needed packages.


The following command should fix the permission problem of your ~/.ssh folder

chmod 700 ~/.ssh

This will allow read/write/execution to the folder - only for the owner (yourself)
execution means - change directory

The following command will set the correct permission of the files inside the ~/.ssh folder

chmod 400 ~/.ssh/*

The files in ~/.ssh folder should have owner read-only permission
chmod 400 set the owner read-only permission

After you fix the ~/.ssh folder/files permission  you can try to execute again the ssh-copy-id command


How to install Nvidia 387 dirvers on Kubuntu 18.04

There aren't any nvidia-387 packages in the default 18.04 repos. The closest match to nvidia-387 in 18.04 can be installed as follows:

sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall # installs nvidia-driver-390
sudo reboot

When installing an Nvidia proprietary graphics driver, it is not necessary to uninstall the nouveau open source graphics driver. The two graphics drivers can be installed alongside each other allowing the open source graphics driver to be used as a fallback alternative in case there is a problem using the proprietary graphics driver.

The autoinstall command of ubuntu-drivers installs drivers that are appropriate for automatic installation including their dependencies.

There also isn't a package named nvidia-390 in the default Ubuntu 18.04 repositories as the results of apt show nvidia-390 shows:

$ apt show nvidia-390
Package: nvidia-390
State: not a real package (virtual)
N: Can't select candidate version from package nvidia-390 as it has no candidate
N: Can't select versions from package 'nvidia-390' as it is purely virtual
N: No packages found


Is there a "staging" or "test" environment for Canonical Livepatch?

sudo canonical-livepatch refresh

is the best I could find

As described here:
"kernel-upgrade-required" is not one of applied, apply-failed, unapplied, needs-check, nothing-to-apply, unknown, check-failed

So you might also do this

sudo apt-get upgrade linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic

and repeat it with
    sudo canonical-livepatch refresh
once more


I have a problem similar to yours, except I use SSHFS. I think my solution can be easily adapted for your scenario.

In /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf, under the section [SeatDefaults], the following option points to a file that runs when quitting a user session (runs as root):

session-cleanup-script=/path/to/file

A fuse mount can be unmounted running fusermount -u /path/to/mount/point, but only the user who mounted it can unmount it. So I had to use su to change the user before fusermount -u. This is my logout script:

#!/bin/bash

# Change user
if [ "$EUID" = "0" -a "$USER" != "root" ]; then
    su -c $0 $USER &
    exit 0
fi

# Unmount sshfs sharings at the end of the session
for MNTPOINT in `mount -t fuse.sshfs | grep -i "user=$USER" | cut -d" " -f 3`; do
        fusermount -u $MNTPOINT
done

exit 0

All you have to do is replace fuse.sshfs with the correct filesystem type, which you can find out in mount output.


Go through this detailed post on how to resize ubuntu partitions.

For this solution, you will be using a live CD or a live USB, in order that the partitions are unused while being resized.

From live CD/USB, you will be running Gparted to resize the partitions.

Note: It is essential to backup all your important data before resizing.


Ubuntu has been installed but computer still boots into windows

You need to install Grub on your boot partition to make your computer a dual boot, open Ubuntu from the installation disk and go to terminal and input:

  sudo fdisk -l

To learn which partition is the boot loader, in this example it's sda1.

and enter this command:

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

then this command:

sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev

then this command

sudo chroot /mnt

then this command

grub-install /dev/sda

then this command

update-grub


Cursor becomes not working after changing to hand

It seems like, from your description, that the system thinks you are dragging something, and that you have the primary mouse button pressed all the time, as you drag whatever it is, around.

Is there an icon, image, or link text also being dragged around with the cursor? If so, you should be able to hit the Esc key, and it should return to normal.

It could also be a hardware issue, though it is hard to say for sure.


How to execute a script as super user first checking the user and getting pass from askpass if not super user

I just call sudo if the program needs root permissions, but doesn't have:

#!/bin/bash
if [ $(id -u) != 0 ]; then
   echo "This script requires root permissions"
   sudo "$0" "$@"
   exit
fi

"$0" contains the name of the script, "$@" optional arguments. It may be omitted if your program does not accept arguments.

Note: this shellscript is expected to be run in a shell, if this script should run as GUI, use something like gksu or kdesudo instead of sudo.


So, I've found that there's a Ubuntu Git Maintainers team ppa in launchpad. Seems legit and it worked, my git is now 2.9but i really don't see why this wouldn't be included in ubuntu in the first place? this is basic stuff. And don't tell me that it's because i'm running 14.04 and not 16.04 because 14.04 is still the majority of ubuntu users.

It's weird.