Solved my problem after trying the following command in the terminal:

timidity -iA -B2,8 -Os &

Note: -Os is the captal letter o, not the numeric value of 0.

More technical info below.

What this does is launch a new instance of Timidity under ALSA.
Under timidity --help, -iA signifies "ALSA sequencer interface" and -Os  signifies "ALSA pcm device". In the end this results in no interference between audio playback from both Timidity and Pulse-Audio softwares. You will have to adjust your Timidity port accordingly, as by default there is usually an instance of Timidity running under Root. You will get a message saying something like

  Opening sequencer port: 130:0 130:1 130:2 130:3

This usually corresponds to the last instance of Timidity that is open. To get successful playback I chose Port 0 under the last 3 port choices available. Note that if you escape the command with Ctrl-C the process will still be active under Jobs, and be visible in the System Monitor. To properly terminate an active process first run the command jobs in the terminal, then run kill%x, where x corresponds to the job number related to the timidity command above.


If your limit is up to and including next-to-last line, you can get away with using $! as a condition for the substitution:

sed '8,$ { $! s:</\?i>::g }' infile


Synchronisation not working. How do I fix that?

There is nothing you can do. The service is a little bit unstable, presently. We'll just have to hope it gets better soon. Specially the couch service.


Unexpected scrolling behavior after imwheel configuration

I ran into this same exact issue: YouTube (Firefox) acting strange whenever I ran imwheel. My configuration looked very similar to yours - I stole it from this answer: https://askubuntu.com/a/304653/1269098
".*"
None,       Up,     Up,     3
None,       Down,   Down,   3

Just like you described, running pkill imwheel fixed the weird behavior.
Thankfully, I was able to find a fix via this Reddit post: https://www.reddit.com/r/Ubuntu/comments/n7dki4/smalls_tweaks_to_improve_ubuntu_all_working_on/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web2x&context=3
I wouldn't recommend running the curl | bash command - it's bad practice - but have a look at the script and, once you've read it, run it: http://www.nicknorton.net/mousewheel.sh
My configuration now looks like this and everything works as expected:
".*"
None,      Up,   Button4, 3
None,      Down, Button5, 3
Control_L, Up,   Control_L|Button4
Control_L, Down, Control_L|Button5
Shift_L,   Up,   Shift_L|Button4
Shift_L,   Down, Shift_L|Button5


How do I pop-up "select audio device" from command line?

One way is to run the below command,
gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell.AudioDeviceSelection --object-path /org/gnome/Shell/AudioDeviceSelection --method org.gnome.Shell.AudioDeviceSelection.Open "['HEADPHONES', 'HEADSET', 'MICROPHONE']"

I am not able to reproduce your use case, as I dont have resources like headset or microphone. So I doubt the Options from above command really activates your choice. Try it.


command not found error when installing android sdk

It says "Open a terminal and navigate to the tools/ directory in the location where the Android SDK was installed, then execute android sdk." So you have to run it via shell. Use sh android sdk.


The error message means that when make tried to make a dependent file it found that the newly made file is still older than the source.

It may be the case that your clock is actually skewed, i.e., very wrong. Check that your clock is reasonably correct. Or it may be the case that the timestamps of your files are wrong, for example one of the files may have a timestamp in the future. Check that all the files have plausible timestamps.


First, open the file manager and go to your user folder.
Then, press Ctrl+H, which should show you the hidden files.
You should then be able to find a file named .bashrc, which you can open with a text editor.
Remove the line referring to ls /usr/bin ... and you should be good.


Is possible to install/update Gnome 3.20 via Snap in Ubuntu 16.04?

No. At least not yet.

It's also unclear whether Snap can be used for an entire desktop or is more for running individual apps. Once someone does the work, you could run a snap for gedit 3.20 or cheese 3.20. On the other hand, it may not be feasible for a snap to include gnome-shell 3.20 or even the 3.20 version of the Settings app (gnome-control-center) because they are lower-level system software.


Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric does not ship with cryptsetup 1.4, although Precise does. I don't know whether cryptsetup can be upgraded on Oneiric or not. Since Precise will be released in a month, you can also wait for that release before considering TRIM with encrypted partitions. The kernel can always be upgraded afterwards.

From http://code.google.com/p/cryptsetup/wiki/Cryptsetup140:

  Support --allow-discards option to allow discards/TRIM requests.

  Since kernel 3.1, dm-crypt devices optionally (not by default) support block discards (TRIM) commands.

  If you want to enable this operation, you have to enable it manually on every activation using --allow-discards

cryptsetup luksOpen --allow-discards /dev/sdb test_disk

  WARNING: There are several security consequences, please read at least
  http://asalor.blogspot.com/2011/08/trim-dm-crypt-problems.html
  before you enable it.

As you can see, this feature is not enabled by default because of the degraded security as mentioned in the linked blog. So, if you use cryptsetup on kernel 3.0 (the one shipped with Precise), you won't have TRIM support on your encrypted partitions. After
upgrading to 3.1+, you still don't have unless you enable it.

To do so, you have to edit /etc/crypttab after installation (not sure if it's possible during installation) and add the discard option. See also crypttab(5).


Unable to add Google Account (Ubuntu 16.04 Gnome)

Looks like it's an ongoing bug for 16.04 Gnome, see here

Please visit the bug linked, indicate that it affects you too, and subscribe so that you can be notified when the bug is squashed.


On Win XP, Ubuntu One picks "wrong" homefolder

Ubuntu One for Windows will only sync from your user's profile folder. We do have the intention of making it possible to sync from other folders.


Please try your interfaces file like this:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
  address 192.168.1.100
  netmask 255.255.255.0
  gateway 192.168.1.1
  dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1 8.8.8.8

Restart the interface:

sudo ifdown eth0 && sudo ifup eth0

And check:

hostname -I

Since the definition of -I in man hostname says:

  Display  all  network addresses of the host. This option enumerates all configured addresses on  all  network  interfaces.  The
                loopback  interface  and  IPv6 link-local addresses are omitted.
                Contrary to option -i, this option does not depend on name resolution.  Do not make any assumptions about the order of the output.

...then I suspect that if ethernet is or previously was connected, both of the configured IP address will be retained and shown whether currently connected or not.


Updates stopped and fix-broken install is broken

Removing python is never a good idea as it is vital for the system's functionality.
I would recommend installing aptitude and using it to install python3 for APT to properly work again. Aptitude is good at resolving dependencies and it has been used in similar cases to successfully install python3 after it was removed.
If the solution in this post didn't work for you, I would suggest you try fixing from a live USB ( like the one you used to install Ubuntu).
To fix from a live USB, boot into the live system and select try Ubuntu then connect to Internet from the live system and open a terminal then follow these steps:
Run:
sudo fdisk -l

And identify your root partition. It could be something like /dev/sda1 then mount it to /mnt like so:
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/

Then run:
sudo mount --bind /proc/ /mnt/proc/

Then run:
sudo mount --bind /sys/ /mnt/sys/

Then run:
sudo mount --bind /dev/ /mnt/dev/

Then run:
sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/etc/resolv.conf

Then run:
sudo chroot /mnt/

Now you are in your original system on the hard disk. Run this command:
sudo dpkg --configure -a && sudo apt update --fix-missing && sudo apt install -f --fix-broken

Then install aptitude like so:
sudo apt install aptitude

Or if that didn't work, download the aptitude .deb package from here for 64 bit like so:
sudo wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/a/aptitude/aptitude_0.8.10-6ubuntu1_amd64.deb

And install it like so:
sudo dpkg -i aptitude_0.8.10-6ubuntu1_amd64.deb

Then run:
sudo aptitude install python3

When finished run:
exit

Then run:
sudo umount /mnt/dev/

Then run:
sudo umount /mnt/sys/

Then run:
sudo umount /mnt/proc/

Then run:
sudo umount /mnt/

Then reboot to your original system, and see if it is fixed. If this does not work, you probably need to reinstall Ubuntu.
Important:
If you get to the point where nothing worked and you decided to reinstall Ubuntu, make sure you backup all your important data to an external disk first.
Also to minimize loosing your settings, copy your home directory (/home/username/) with all its hidden directories and files to an external disk then copy it back again after the new install. This will keep most of your settings for applications i.e. Firefox, Thunderbird... etc but you will need to reinstall applications and packages you manually installed again for that to work.


I have found some instability on my own system when using Trusty Tahr's Wine package and I have installed a newer version from the “Ubuntu Wine Team” team PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wine1.8 winetricks

In this installation Wine itself may prompt for a few additional download components when you run it, just accept the defaults.

And hopefully now some more stability on your system...


How do I increase the refresh rate to 240Hz with a GeForce GTX 660?

You can't use G-Sync unless you have a G-Sync enabled display.
FreeSync displays are incompatible with the G-Sync feature on NVIDIA cards.
As far as your refresh rate, are you certain that the GeForce GTX 660 is capable of 240Hz?  The graphics card is from 2012, after all.  As far as I'm aware, there wasn't a single 240Hz display on the market in 2012.
The specifications from NVIDIA suggest that it can't handle 240Hz.


Odd number of elements in hash assignment at /usr/share/pkg-config-dpkghook when adding an architecture for cross-compliation?

I had the same issue. I was able to debug the hook script. And while I was debugging it, I figured out, that I tried to add an unsupported architecture, in my case aarch64.
Try to run:
dpkg --print-foreign-architectures

In case you see a not supported architecture, try to remove it:
sudo dpkg --remove-architecture aarch64

At least this worked for me.


Toshiba satellite c55d-a5170 starts to boot to 13.10 disk then halts. Cannot even install

It has a radeon graphic card like my Chronos laptop which did exactly the same thing.
In my case it was due to the graphic card overheating.

Note that in my case the switch off was so fast I do not think that the card was really overheating - it seemed more that the system thought  the card was overheating and it shut down.

My solution was to make the installation using nomodeset option (see Set nomodeset in usb installation (efi loader with iso) ), and after the installation was complete by removing the nomodeset in the kernel parameters and using radeon.dpm=1, see https://askubuntu.com/a/390050/16395

Sorry for the sloppy formatting, I am on a mobile device...


You can install it as follows:

Download the relevant .deb file from the Vagrant Downloads page depending on whether you are using a 32 bit or 64 bit installation of Ubuntu. For v1.3.3:

vagrant_1.3.3_x86_64.deb (64 bit)
vagrant_1.3.3_i686.deb (32 bit)

Install from the command line using:

sudo dpkg -i <filename>


Try sed:

sed '/^$/d' file.txt | wc -l

If you have any lines containing only spaces or tabs and if you want to ignore them as well from count:

sed '/^[[:blank:]]*$/d' file.txt | wc -l


I think this is due to Secure Boot option being enabled in your motherboard's BIOS settings. You'll need to disable it to have the driver installed.

I think you might be one of the victims of dual-booting a version of Windows and Ubuntu (like myself).  I've not seen any cases where disabling Secure Boot has caused trouble in Windows so go ahead and see if it works. :)


Use the program unetbootin (available on Windows). Burn the Ubuntu ISO to a flashdrive using unetbootin.

Turn off fast boot in Windows.

Turn off "save boot" in your bios, and change the bootable device to the flashdrive. Restart, and your flashdrive should be booting.

Install Ubuntu!


transferring files form an external hard drive to ubuntu?

There shouldn't really be any issues that I can foresee.   This posting should help you.

https://superuser.com/questions/439571/can-i-make-a-mac-hard-drive-recognizable-on-ubuntu-11-10

From what it says there shouldn't be any issues.


How can I use a TP Link USB wireless adapter without having to reinstall the driver every time?

OP found solution:

Ok here's an update: it's really weird but by accident I forgot to remove my usb while doing the re-installation of the driver. The driver detected my usb wifi adapter and all of a sudden my adapter's light indicator starts flashing(unlike before my adapter will not function). I'm sorry for the redundancy(if any) of this topic. Still hoping that someone will be able to help me with my problem


Freeze while installing Server 12.10 from USB

After getting ahold of a PS2 keyboard, everything works. Looks like there's something up with using a USB keyboard.


Ask location every time a download takes place

If using Firefox alone, do the following:

Go to Edit -> Preferences
Click the "General" tab (top left of the preferences box)
Look to the "Downloads" section at the bottom, and change the setting from "Save files to Downloads" to "Always ask me where to save files".
Click "Close".

It should now give you a dialogue box every time you download something, asking where you want to save each file individually.


High temperatures and CPU almost always 100%

Your system is short of RAM and is relying on virtual memory.  Either run fewer apps or do something to increase the amount of RAM like buying more RAM for your computer or getting a bigger computer.

I know this because atop is showing high swout.  Paging out is bad, paging in is usually harmless by comparison.  The scanning rate is also high, the system scans for pages to scavenge when it is short of free RAM.

My experience hearkens back when the BSD vmstat had an sr column (and Sun copied this feature into the SysVR4 Solaris). The sr was "scanning rate" (for LRU pages).  It was the most critical column to pay attention to as it would only go high when the system was starving for memeory.  Linux didn't get it at first, their vmstat never had an sr but things are starting to get back there, the dstat --adv-mem feature was recently added and it looks at scanning rate.  Linux proper (the kernel, that is) has scanning instrumentation, see grep -i scan /proc/vmstat.


I found this troubleshooting guide by the developers of fwupdate which suggests to try to apply updates one by one:

  Booting into fwupx64.efi but nothing happens

  Are you applying multiple capsules simultaneously? This could mean doing a TPM update and BIOS update at the same time, or an FMP update and BIOS update at the same time.
  I am doing multiple updates and it fails

  Re-run the cleanup systemd unit.

  You'll need to remove a state file (in /var/lib/fwupdate/done or somewhere similar - distro dependent)
  This removes the payloads from EFI system partition, Boot entries and all NVRAM variables.

  Re-run just one update at a time. If this fixes your problem, please report an issue with the relevant details.

Following these steps I succeeded to install the system firmware update:

$ sudo fwupdmgr clear-offline
$ sudo fwupdmgr clear-history
$ sudo fwupdmgr install ${HOME}/.cache/fwupdmgr/afddc660b9a0f8045feaa4703f8258a5d197dad1-Signed_1152921504627781711.cab

After a reboot, the DELL system firmware updated itself.

I was not able to also install the TPM firmware upgrade yet. Maybe the troubleshooting guide on how to solve issues with applying a single update helps in debugging the issue and finding enough information for a bug report. I have not tried yet.


Why have I lost the 2.1 sound settings on my Asus N76VZ DH71?

try this it helped me to have some level of controle on the sub but its still in the right chanell

All needed is to pass a parameter to snd-hda-intel module. Open the file /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf (you need to create this file if there is no file with that name) and add this line at the ending of the file:

options snd-hda-intel model=asus-mode4

there is the url where i found it
http://th0th.me/log/enabling-subwoofer-of-asus-notebook-on-gnulinux/


Are all Ubuntu update download servers HTTP only?

software supported protocols

Potentially yes the software showing the drop-down of protocols can support a https mirror - the drop-down box in question accepts the following valid protocols:

ftp
http
file
rsync
https

This is detailed in the software-properties-gtk package source code:

apt-get source software-properties-gtk
cd software-properties*/softwareproperties/gtk

Look in the file DialogMirror.py - function def is_valid_mirror

there is a but...

However in reality, the public mirrors Ubuntu supports is limited to http://, ftp:// & rsync://

The mirrors you can define is limited when you define a new mirror:

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+newmirror

local mirrors

Therefore, since the software itself does not limit the protocols, one way to download over HTTPS is to define and maintain your own local repository & mirror.  As usual we have a great Q&A that have several applicable answers:

How to create a local APT repository?

apt-mirror is probably your best bet here.  Install the apt-mirror package and examine its man page:

  CONFIGURATION EXAMPLES
         The mirror.list configuration supports many options...

   HTTPS with sending Basic HTTP authentication information (plaintext username and password) for all
   requests: (this was default behaviour of Wget 1.10.2 and prior and is needed for some servers with new
   version of Wget) set auth_no_challenge 1 deb https://user:pass@example.com:443/debian stable main contrib
   non-free

   HTTPS without checking certificate: set no_check_certificate 1 deb https://example.com:443/debian stable
   main contrib non-free

As you can see, you can define a local HTTPS mirror - add your local HTTPS mirror and it should appear in the list of mirrors.


There are quite a few ways.

One is to scp the files to another server with SSH installed.

You could boot from the Ubuntu Live CD/USB, mount the hard drive and copy the file then.

You could install text based browser (e.g. Links or Lynx).

You could copy the file to /MY_TMP_FOLDER and reinstall ubuntu (note you will have to delete all folders in root, except for  /MY_TMP_FOLDER).  Reinstalling Ubuntu will overwrite all files, but not delete anything, so this is safe if you have unique filenames.

Install Mutt (text based email)... I have never used or configured Mutt, but it should work well.


Intellij Idea keep deleting project files

I thing that is deal with IntelliJ cache. Try to refresh Gradle configuration. Open Gradle Tool Window and click refresh button
.

I had the same issue with Maven and refreshing was helpful for me. Also may be useful system cache clean up.


Running a persistent live Ubuntu USB on Macbook Pro 16 inch 2019

If your partition for persistence (labeled writable or casper-rw) is too small, it will get full by
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

and that will create severe problems.
Otherwise, for example in a drive with 32 GB, there should be drive space enough for all the added files after running those commands.
I suggest that you try again, either by making a fresh installation of your persistent live system, or by booting your Ubuntu system live-only, and removing all directories and files from the partition for persistence (labeled writable or casper-rw) and try again without updating and upgrading.
If you want an updated and upgraded system there are two alternatives:

Download the current daily iso file of Focal Fossa from the iso testing tracker and create a persistent live drive from it.

Download a compressed image of an installed Ubuntu 20.04 LTS system and extract and clone it to a drive with at least 16 GB. Such a system can be updated and upgraded just like a system installed to an internal drive.
See also the following links and links from them.

My two posts in this thread

Step-wise instructions for installed system in a USB drive


See almost all the different desktops here What kinds of desktop environments and shells are available?

Other lower-ram desktops or window managers could be XFCE, MATE, Openbox, fluxbox, etc...

There are Ubuntu versions (official and derived) for almost all of them, try out some live iso's and see which one(s) you like.

Or you could install the desktop in question to your current system, but it could be a lot of unnecessary packages that would never get used again, and config changes that wouldn't have to be worried about.


Can't update Nginx to version higher than 1.12.2 in ubuntu 16.04

Pre-Built Packages for Mainline version Ubuntu 16.04

For Ubuntu, in order to authenticate the nginx repository signature and to eliminate warnings about missing PGP key during installation of the nginx package, it is necessary to add the key used to sign the nginx packages and repository to the apt program keyring. Please copy/paste into text file and rename nginx_signing.key in Home Directory this key from our web site, and add it to the apt program keyring with the following command:

sudo apt-key add nginx_signing.key

Append the following to the end of the /etc/apt/sources.list file:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu/ xenial nginx
deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu/ xenial nginx

For Ubuntu then run the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nginx

SOURCE


Will installing Ubuntu 16.04 to an external hard drive touch the C: drive?

If, as you said, you are installing on an external hard drive, your Windows partitions shall not be disturbed. (Side note: In fact, it's Windows that messes up partitions)

Select Something Else at this screen:

You should be at a screen that looks something like this: (Details may be different, ignore them for now)

Make sure that you are installing on the external hard drive. Note its ID (the /dev/sd×y thing, in the Device column, where × is any letter and y is any number). Let's say that the ID is /dev/sdb1 (just an example), then you'd

Select it on the list
Click Change…

Now, a dialog should pop up. In it

Check the Format checkbox
Select Mount point as /

An important thing would be to make sure that the Device for boot loader installation: is the same as the external drive's ID.

NOTE: If your computer uses UEFI instead of BIOS (i.e. any computer that came pre-loaded with Windows 8 or newer), then you will need to choose BIOS and then choose the Ubuntu hard disk to get into Ubuntu.


As this was a bug with electron I created an issue on github and also proposed a pull request.

If the Pull request gets merged this issue should be solved.


Apache2 application php session can't be killed

Make new PHP file :

<?php
ini_set('session.gc_max_lifetime', 0);
ini_set('session.gc_probability', 1);

Execute, session.gc_max_lifetime sets lifetime of session. session.gc_probability sets probability that GC on sessions is executed.


HP Deskjet 1000 paused after printing one document

On Ubuntu 14.10 the solution was to add a new line:

ErrorPolicy abort-job

to /etc/cups/cupsd.conf and restart cups:

sudo service cups restart

Another workaround: if the above does not help, just do a sudo service cups restart every time the printer is paused.


No writeable permissions when mounting Windows folders

You appear to have a typo in one of the -o options you're passing to mount.cifs. Your goal seems to be to mount the share so its files are treated as being owned by the user whose UID is 1000 and the group whose GID is 1000.

gid=1000 is correct, but you have uid-1000. You should have uid=1000 instead (i.e., you have a - where you should have a =).

I don't know if that's the only problem, but assuming the text shown in your question is what you're using, that may explain why it's not working.

If there is not also a separate problem on the server side (which, if the share is accessible from other Windows machines with the same username and password, there probably is not), then it's likely that fix alone will resolve your problem.

That's the only actual error I've noticed, but I'll mention a mistake that's often made: Sometimes people specify their Ubuntu username and password with username= and password=. These should instead be the appropriate username and password for the Windows system that you're connecting to. (Sometimes these might be the same as your Ubuntu username and password, but only if you've deliberately set them the same on both systems.)

By the way, you might consider specifying the password interactively rather than on the command-line (so it doesn't go into your history). If you omit the password= option entirely, you should be prompted for a password to access the share. (This will be separate from the sudo password prompt.)


If this is a newer laptop with secure boot and UEFI in the BIOS settings:
[yes manual changes in the BIOS settings]
- turn off secure boot,
- choose legacy in the boot list option
    this will boot Linux,
- choose UEFI in the boot list option
    this will boot Windows,

I've got a Dell I7 7737 and this became the only
way I can sucessfully dual-boot after not being able
to coose Linux/Windows in the GRUB boot screen,


How to convert a string into an array in bash script?

First, you need to remove the text from around the assignment of the string variable:

text="'xdc','cde','erd','ded','ded','kie';"

Then you can just use the array form of the bash read command:

IFS=, read -a ids <<< "${text%;}"

where the ${text%;} substitution removes the trailing semicolon. Note that, this way, the IFS is not modified outside of the read command so there's no need to save and restore it.

Your C-style for-loop syntax is almost correct, except that in bash, the loop needs double parentheses e.g.

for ((i=0; i<${#ids[@]}; ++i)); do printf '%s\n' "${ids[i]}"; done

Alternatively, you can loop over array members directly using a for ... in loop:

for i in "${ids[@]}"; do printf '%s\n' "$i"; done


Deactivating swap file without any computer freeze

If you know which program is causing the problem (as your question suggests), then you should login on another terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F2, and then doing a killall <processname>. Pressing Ctrl+Alt+F7 or Ctrl+Alt+F8 will take you back to GUI.

If you must deactivate swap, then you need to edit the /etc/fstab file.
sudo gedit /etc/fstab

There will be one line which would have the word "swap" in it. Put a # in beginning of the line. Save the file, and exit. Reboot the system, and your swap should be gone. This can be verified through system monitor.


What is the difference between pm-suspend and pm-suspend-hybrid?

pm-suspend basically turns off the CPU but keeps memory powered on. This is quick to resume from, but if you run out of power the data in memory is lost.  The hybrid-suspend will save the contents of memory to disk and then suspend, you can wakeup from this like normal suspend, however if you lose power you can power up and the machine will load the saved state back from disk and resume, much like traditional a hibernate resume.


How to check my home directory is encrypted in Ubuntu 12.04

Easy!  Just use the ecryptfs-verify command.

For instance:

ecryptfs-verify -h

Full disclosure: I am the co-author and co-maintainer of eCryptfs, and happened to write the ecryptfs-verify tool, too ;-)


Font displaying as squares in terminal preview

You've downloaded an OpenType font and stored it in the TrueType font directory.

I've got the exact same font but stored in /usr/share/fonts/opentype/ and the Inconsolata PDF test file displays perfectly after a:

sudo fc-cache --force --verbose
log out
log back in...


How to pass arguments in a script using gnome-terminal

make a shell script and put your commands inside it, pass the password only once as argument, and inside the script use $1 to get your password,

use $1 to get your password wherever you want inside your script.


At the moment (20 oct), the ppa does not contain an everpad package for saucy. You could try to wait until it is made available.

This is NOT RECOMMENDED, but if you really cannot wait, you could try to install it by modifying the software sources entry, specifying raring as your distribution. It might work.


I managed to mount encrypted partition with instruction like this.
Not exactly, but it has most keywords that I used.

Then I noticed, that I don't know where package were installed. But I know that I can't boot until it in startup apps. So I removed /etc/xdg/autostart/indicator-multiload.desktop and successfully logged in.


This might be related to the solid state drive locking up, try this: edit grub configuration file /etc/default/grub

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

to change the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX line to:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="libata.force=noncq"

Then save and update grub

sudo update-grub


You can create a DVD that contains both versions of the live CD:

Download ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386.iso and ubuntu-13.04-desktop-amd64.iso.
Create a folder structure for the DVD:

$ mkdir -p ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386-amd64/boot/{grub,iso}
$ mv ubuntu-13.04-desktop-{i386,amd64}.iso ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386-amd64/boot/iso/

Save the following as ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386-amd64/boot/grub/grub.cfg:

# Derived from /boot/grub/loopback.cfg from ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386.iso and ubuntu-13.04-desktop-amd64.iso.

menuentry "Try Ubuntu without installing (32-bit)" {
    loopback iso /boot/iso/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386.iso
    linux   (iso)/casper/vmlinuz  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=/boot/iso/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386.iso quiet splash --
    initrd  (iso)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Try Ubuntu without installing (64-bit)" {
    set gfxpayload=keep
    loopback iso /boot/iso/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-amd64.iso
    linux   (iso)/casper/vmlinuz.efi  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=/boot/iso/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-amd64.iso quiet splash --
    initrd  (iso)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Install Ubuntu (32-bit)" {
    loopback iso /boot/iso/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386.iso
    linux   (iso)/casper/vmlinuz  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper only-ubiquity iso-scan/filename=/boot/iso/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386.iso quiet splash --
    initrd  (iso)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Install Ubuntu (64-bit)" {
    loopback iso /boot/iso/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-amd64.iso
    linux   (iso)/casper/vmlinuz.efi  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper only-ubiquity iso-scan/filename=/boot/iso/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-amd64.iso quiet splash --
    initrd  (iso)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Check disc for defects (32-bit)" {
    loopback iso /boot/iso/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386.iso
    linux   (iso)/casper/vmlinuz  boot=casper integrity-check iso-scan/filename=/boot/iso/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386.iso quiet splash --
    initrd  (iso)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Check disc for defects (64-bit)" {
    loopback iso /boot/iso/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-amd64.iso
    linux   (iso)/casper/vmlinuz.efi  boot=casper integrity-check iso-scan/filename=/boot/iso/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-amd64.iso quiet splash --
    initrd  (iso)/casper/initrd.lz
}
menuentry "Test memory" {
    loopback iso /boot/iso/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386.iso
    linux16 (iso)/install/mt86plus
}

Generate an ISO image (You may need to install xorriso.):

$ grub-mkrescue --output ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386-amd64.iso ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386-amd64

You can now burn ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386-amd64.iso (1.6 GB) to a DVD and choose either 32-bit or 64-bit options at boot.

Note: This worked for me in a virtual machine. I strongly recommend testing it using one DVD before burning multiple copies.


How to select 2.4G band in a dual band network

Do one of two things...

Fully identify the 2.4ghz network by use of the BSSID.
Set different wireless names for 2.4 GHz vs. 5 GHz.

Like so...

Delete all WiFi profiles for Milvia, Milvia 1, Milvia 2, etc.
Connect to Milvia and let it create a new WiFi profile.
Edit the profile and set the BSSID of the 2.4ghz network.

Or...

Set the router to use different names for the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz networks.
Connect to the desired network by using the correct name.


If you lose control of root:

Before you format again, check /etc/passwd, e.g.,

gvim /etc/passwd

you should see a line like

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/csh

sometimes this gets incorrectly modified, e.g.:

root:x:0:0:root:/root:csh

Essentially the system cannot find the location of the installed shell from where to invoke root. Correct it!

You should have root access back!

use the following method to give yourself permission to modify that file.

sudo adduser <username> www-data
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www
sudo chmod -R g+rw /var/www


I broke Ubuntu, I want to backup my data and reinstall it

You can get to recovery mode by holding down left Shift or hitting Esc repeatedly as the computer boots. Here's a post from Ask Ubuntu on the process: How can I start Ubuntu in Safe Mode?
Another way to do this would be to boot with a USB stick with Ubuntu use the Live mode to both mount the hard drive and plug in USB hard drive to backup needed items. You'll see both your hard drive and the USB hard drive on the desktop, you should be able to copy one from another.
Hope this helps get the needed configurations and data back.


From your error message:

Reading package lists....Done
Building dependency tree reading state information...Done
E:Unable to locate package Ubuntu-restricted
E:Unable to locate package extras

You missed the - between ubuntu-resticted and extras so ubuntu thinks of them as different packages instead of one package. That's why you're getting that error.

Try using this command instead:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras


Is there a way to upgrade a machine which is using software raid and LVM to 12.10?

Fortunately this is still possible using the netboot image that comes with a mini.iso containing the good old text-installer.

http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/quantal/main/installer-amd64/current/images/netboot/mini.iso


Ubuntu 16.04, WPA Enterprise TLS on WiFi: unable to browse private key

I had the same problem and I found a workaround to it. Not sure if you still need this answer but maybe someone else runs into the same issue.

Once you open the file explorer to browse for your private key, press CTRL+L (to open the location bar) and input the absolute path to your key manually.

Seems to be a kind of bug only for the first time you want to browse it due to if you try after you filled the field with manually, you'll be able to successfully browse the .pem and all the other formats.


To solve hash sum mismatch you simply need to enable acquire-by-hash which is available in apt 1.2.0 or newer (if you are using Ubuntu Xenial (16.04) or Debian Stretch, or anything newer, you will be running a version of APT that supports this feature).
To enable acquire-by-hash do the following:
sudo -s
echo "Acquire::By-Hash \"yes\"; ">/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01byhash
apt update

For a background on apt and other fixes to your problem, see this helpful webpage.

If the above doesn't work for you you can try the following commands:
sudo -s
apt-get clean
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
apt-get clean
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade


I can not updated my ubuntu 12.04 Failed to fetch 403 "Two Host Req Hdr"

I've got the same problem yesterday, at first time I thought that's because the repository, so I changed that but it still like that
Then I've found that 403 means the request was legal but the server refuse to respond it
So I try to changed the dns into the google's dns, and apt-get works fine like usually.

Note : I am using wifi from android gadget, and I changed the dns in my gadget, not in my laptop.

Sorry for my english language.
Hope can help.


kernel panic - not syncing. No ini found. Ubuntu 12.04 along side Windows 7 dual boot

I'm probably barking up the wrong tree here, but have you tried turning off Secure Boot and/or using BIOS compatibility mode?  Assuming that those options are available in your BIOS... er.. UEFI.

This might have useful information: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI

Did you install the 64bit version of Ubuntu?


The following command should do the trick.

sudo apt install bluez

If it doesn't work, check /var/log/syslog for messages about bluetooth


Check out bug 384633.  USB to USB install results in the wrong device being used.  Used to be always one too high (e.g. sdc instead of sdb, hd2 instead of hd1) but since 12.04, that seems not to be the  case as consistently.  At the first grub screen when booting the newly created USB, type e to edit the commands, and see what disks are being used -- the uuid will be OK, but any actual device is suspect -- change as necessary.  AT first successful boot, run

sudo update-grub

to fix things.

For UEFI machines, you 1)need to make an EFI partition (FAT32, 300M, boot flag) on the USB, and when installing, identify that PARTITION as the boot loader device.  Otherwise, the hard disk's EFI partition will be used (even when giving the target DEVICE as the grub device).


I believe you want:  npm install -g grunt-cli which installs the command line tool.  You install grunt (and modules) locally in each project

Docs here to back up my words; http://gruntjs.com/getting-started


Sublime text 2 unity launcher opens sublime.desktop

You haven't made the .desktop file executable.

Run the command:

chmod +x /usr/share/applications/sublime.desktop


How to have a daily statistic of keys pressed?

You could use openbox to define key bindings easily, to bind any key to an action:

 <keybind key="0x41">
      <action name="Execute">
        <execute>echo "A\n" >> keylog.txt</execute>
      </action>
 </keybind>

You can define your mappings in the rc.xml file and and run openbox --reconfigure to apply your new bindings. Each time if you pressed a key with respect to one of your mapping entries it writes the respective character to the keylog.txt file. At the end of the day if you are interested in how many times you stroke each key, count over the entries in the keylog.txt:

 sort keylog.txt | uniq --count

I know it fits not your requirements, because it saves the output at your hard drive and you have to calculate the quantities by your self. But it looks pretty simple and I don't know which kind of further statistics you are looking for. In my opinion you should reconsider what you are meaning if you said:

  I am not interested in complete strings and those shouldn't be stored
  anywhere on disk.

What are your expectations how a program should handle all your key strokes, if it shouldn't store the input somewhere in file?

A further question comes up with the draft above. Is there a file in lubuntu 16.04 where openbox or the standard input (stdin) redirects to. I mean on which interface/port they listen for the current keystroke?


How can I prevent `curl` from printing a table with progress information?

The Progress Meter can be silenced with the -s / --silent option:

ssh user@gatorback.asuscomm.com "curl -s http://192.168.8.5/tstat"
# or
ssh user@gatorback.asuscomm.com "curl --silent http://192.168.8.5/tstat"


How to view my virtual hosts sites without editing window etc/hosts - Ubuntu 14.04

You would need to have a name server resolve the host name to the desired IP address.

Whoever maintains your nameserver will add an entry for each of your specific domain names.  For instance example.com and www.example.com, as well as any other host name would have to have a separate entry in the name server configuration.

An example of this (in the name server zone file):
(db.example.com.zone:)

example.com.             IN A 50.75.184.36
www.example.com.         IN CNAME example.com.
blog.example.com.        IN CNAME example.com.
forum.example.com.       IN CNAME example.com.

After you have configured the DNS server you can browse the sites with any browser no different that browsing http://www.google.com.


up vote
0
down vote
accepted
The vendor id of the modem is OMEGA TECHNOLOGY. For connecting to the internet with the modem,

At first click on the networking icon on the top right side of the screen
Then click on the edit connection button
Then click on the add connection and chose mobile broadband from the drop down list.
Then chose usb modem configuration option and hit continue
select your country and continue
select your provider and then on the next page select plan if you have a 3g plan then select web or for 2g select gprs
Then apply settings. Okay! you have configured your modem.

Now you have to connect to the internet for that click on the networking button again and enable networking if not enabled then you'll see your new connection named with the service provider's name is there . Now just click on that and see if it works. It worked for me. I have a micromax 310g bsnl3g(unlocked)modem using aircel. Hope it'll help.


How to give different port for Apache and Nginx in 10.10?

Edit /etc/apache2/ports.conf with root permission and change Listen value

sudo gedit /etc/apache2/ports.conf

change 80 to 8010, restart apache2 server. Now Your server's url(address) will be

http://localhost:8010


login to the cobbler admin pages.

For each system that you want to manage, and click the Management tab in the system properties page.

Choose the Orchestra-Juju-Available entry and click the Add button (The right hand arrow, that moves the item into the right hand item list)

Now make sure that Nework boot is checked on the main system properties page.

Click save.

Now, when you run juju bootstrap, it will work with the hosts that you have marked in this way.


How to change desktop theme periodically

here I wrote you some scripts to do random settings using gconf.

ChangeGTKTheme

#!/bin/bash
if [ "$1" == "random" ]; then
files=(~/.themes/*)
base=$(basename "${files[RANDOM % ${#files[@]}]}")
gconftool-2 --type=string -s /desktop/gnome/interface/gtk_theme $base
else
if [  "$1" == "" ];  then
    echo "Usage: $0 GTK_theme_name"
    echo "or $0 random  / for a random pick"
else
#GTK theme
gconftool-2 --type=string -s /desktop/gnome/interface/gtk_theme $1
 fi
fi

ChangeBackground

#!/bin/bash
if [ "$1" == "random" ]; then
files=(~/.backgrounds/*)
gconftool-2 -t str --set /desktop/gnome/background/picture_filename  "${files[RANDOM % ${#files[@]}]}"
else
if [  "$1" == "" ];  then
    echo "Usage: $0 path/to/background"
    echo "or $0 random  / for a random pick"
else
#Wallpaper
gconftool-2 -t str --set /desktop/gnome/background/picture_filename $1
fi
fi

ChangeIcons

#!/bin/bash
if [ "$1" == "random" ]; then
files=(~/.icons/*)
base=$(basename "${files[RANDOM % ${#files[@]}]}")
gconftool-2 --type=string -s /desktop/gnome/interface/icon_theme  $base
else
if [  "$1" == "" ];  then
    echo "Usage: $0 icon_theme_name"
    echo "or $0 random  / for a random pick"
else
#Icons
gconftool-2 --type=string -s /desktop/gnome/interface/icon_theme $1
fi
fi

ChangeMetacityThemes

#!/bin/bash
if [ "$1" == "random" ]; then
files=(~/.themes/*)
base=$(basename "${files[RANDOM % ${#files[@]}]}")
gconftool-2 --type=string -s /apps/metacity/general/theme $base
else
if [  "$1" == "" ];  then
    echo "Usage: $0 metacity_theme_name"
    echo "or $0 random  / for a random pick"
else
#Metacity
gconftool-2 --type=string -s /apps/metacity/general/theme $1
fi
fi

Hope these help you.


I was facing the same problem until I ran into subliminal documentation site. According to it the previous command should be :

subliminal -l en -- the.smurf2.x264.mp4


What laptop do you have? Also, next time this happens try ctrl + alt + F2 and login. Then try

sudo service lightdm restart

You may need this in your grub config.

So in the terminal (ctrl + T) enter

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

then find this line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=”quiet splash″

and change that to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=”quiet nox2apic splash″

then save the file and close. Then in the terminal again type.

sudo update-grub

and reboot.


Chromium app icons doesn't show on launcher

You can solve this by adding the shortcut to your applications folder.

Here's how I do it via point and click.

Given that you've set the app the open in it's own window,

From the App launcher, or the chrome://apps page, right click the web app and select Create shortcuts.

From the pop-up, select Desktop.

This allows you to rename the shortcut.

Next, navigate to your home folder and hit Ctrl + H to view hidden files and folders.
Naviate to .local > share > applications.
Cut and Paste the app shortcut you created in step 2 into this folder.

Now anytime you click the app via the App launcher or the apps page, the web app will launch in it's own window, and icon of the web app will appear in the lanuncher (and in the application switcher when you use  Alt + Tab). The other benefit if you are using the Unity desktop is you can launch the web app via Dash by just searching for the shortcut you created in step 2.


Why is the text editor unable to read characters like " ẻ "?

Ubuntu uses UTF-8 as the default character encoding, Windows seems to use some other encoding.

You either need to tell GEdit what character encoding to use for that file or to convert the file to UTF-8 (as far as I know Notepad allows you to save a file using UTF-8 encoding)


The GNOME runtimes contain the GNOME stack and shared libraries that are needed by snap apps (snaps) and their version number may be different than the GNOME Shell version number.
Due to the nature of snaps, every time there is a new snap update, a new stack and libraries is downloaded. The old ones don't get automatically deleted, but they get disabled. To get a list of your installed snaps, run:
snap list --all

You will see that some snaps have a disabled tag. These are snaps that you can safely remove by running:
snap remove <snap-name> --revision <rev-num>

where <snap-name> is the name of the app as it shows in the snap list --all command output and <rev-num> is the revision number of the app under the Rev column of snap list --all .
You may find that versions of both GNOME 3.26 and 3.28 runtimes are enabled. You shouldn't remove them, since they both are needed by your snaps.


Keyboard messed up in both Windows and Ubuntu after updates

Try going to /etc/default/keyboard, and locate this:

XKBMODEL="pc105"
XKBLAYOUT="us"
XKBVARIANT=""
XKBOPTIONS=""

The line you may have to change is XKBLAYOUT="".
Make sure that XKBLAYOUT is "us".
Then run:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-setup

in the terminal.

Hope it helps.


How to detect active network interface automatically

You can just parse the network interface with

ip link show |grep UP

And even append a "|grep eth" or whatever your network cards prefix is, to tighten the filter.


Installing Nvidia drivers with pkg1.run ends with "no Version.h found"

Ok, seems like you have been playing way too much with your installation... please read everything before doing anything.

The only thing you need to do was install the kernel headers and everything would be fine:

sudo apt-get install linux-generic

That was the only thing you have to do and would solve the "The kernel header file
'version.h' does not exist." error... Now we need to revert what you have done to make it right.

  How can I configure the kernel source files? There is nothing like sudo make-prepare or sudo get-apt kernel-devel right?

You don't need to configure anything. If you use APT everything will be placed just fine. Also, you don't need sudo to do make. There is no get-apt nor make-prepare commands, so wherever you saw those just close that page and don't trust anything said there.

  A workaround suggested to copy the version.h (cp -v /usr/include/linux/version.h /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build/include/linux) which lead to this error:

You must only follow the guides in the last 1 year and from people that knows what they are doing... the /usr/include/linux/version.h file and /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build/include/linux are essentially provided by different packages. The one in usr is provided by linux-libc-dev while the one you need is provided by linux-headers. Remove it:

sudo rm /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build/include/linux/version.h

  ERROR: The kernel header file
   '/usr/include/linux/include/linux/kernel.h' does not exist (...)

This will be also fixed when you install the headers package.


I had a similar issue and re-installed it by typing:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ehoover/compholio

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install netflix-desktop


Font size changes after running xrandr --off

You can change the size of fonts for future windows opened by opening the terminal and using:

xrandr --dpi 96

For higher resolution (1920x1080) monitors try using:

xrandr --dpi 144

I use this on programs that do not implement HiDPI scaling themselves. Although it may not explain your problem it may solve it. Or it may not... YMMV.


SOLVED. Turned off a setting called 'Automotion Plus' under advanced options ON MY TV. Its there for 'fast action scenes.' Turning it off makes the fuzz go away, thin green strip still visible but screen isn't fuzzy anymore.


"This repository is over its data quota" when cloning GitHub repo

All you need to do is download the files from the github repo at github.com. https://github.com/sapgan/CS628-Assignments. Click Clone or Download and then Download as ZIP. The only difference with doing it this way, is that you have to unzip it.


For ISOs that can be regularly updated then downloading from a zsync is a good idea.

The daily builds area (link below) contains a snapshot from the automatic build area - no obvious quality control other than it just builds.

For ISOs that are fixed at a certain point in time such as the beta then you should use the torrent file (preferably) or download direct via the iso itself.  You can then use the normal update-manager updates to get the latest.

The beta zsync files are useful if you want to take the latest updates between beta releases without going through the update-manager route.

The area you have pointed to are for the less frequently used downloads - primarily the new DVD and ARM images.

For the desktop Beta downloads area the link is:

http://releases.ubuntu.com/12.04/

You'll note that this area contains the zsync files for the beta.

Links:

http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/daily-live/current/
How do I update an ISO with zsync?


If the GTK theme is changing, the most likely cause is that gnome-settings-manager is crashing. Hit Alt+F2 and type gnome-settings-manager. You should get your settings back. If not, try running gnome-settings-manager from a terminal so you can see any error messages.

Note that this answer might not help with your original keyboard problem. But it might. And if you can confirm that gnome-settings-manager is the culprit, then you'll have a bug you can report and you'll have some more info to go on.


Try ls -lh. This shows "human readable" sizes.


You have to declare the MULVALROOT environment variable before being able to build the project, since the Makefile relies on it in order to find the location of several Java libraries.


How to install ubuntu 17.04 alongside Debian Wheezy

Well, I'm feeling a bit dumb right now: Ubuntu Installer takes care of everything: the installer detects the Debian installation and simply asks how much space should Ubuntu take.
Grub is configured automatically, so there's nothing left but to wait for the installation to finish and boot the system.

I thought I'd have to manually edit the partition table but it was not necessary.


bfd.h should have included libiberty/ansidecl.h in Ubuntu 14.04?

As reported by Eduardo Abinader (the author of question) and Shaun Jackman as Bug 58689 and MSG 00135 respectively, concluding from exchanged data...

This is an issue caused by older library installation on Ubuntu system, I guess it is fault of neither Ubuntu nor binutils, but looks like System Update issue. Solution is included in question itself.

PS: But, the main thing is we had an answer back then and now. More details can be found on Links! Please improve this answer if required. :)


To install Symfony 2.8 for long-term support open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install curl
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/bin
sudo curl -LsS https://symfony.com/installer -o /usr/local/bin/symfony
sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/symfony

To create a new Symfony 2.8 application, run this command:

symfony new my_project_name lts # use the most recent long-term support version

Symfony leverages the internal PHP web server (available since PHP 5.4) to run applications while developing them. Therefore, running a Symfony application is a matter of browsing to the project directory and executing this command:

cd my_project_name/
php bin/console server:run

Then, open your browser and access the http://localhost:8000/ URL to see the Symfony welcome page:


I'm struggling with this as well, funnily enough. This is what I've worked out so far:

Wine will grab proxy settings from the environment variable "http_proxy". If you're planning on using the same proxy settings throughout the entire session, you can change the http_proxy variable. Follow these instructions: https://askubuntu.com/a/151047/142903

If, like me, you use the computer on more than one network, one of which has a proxy and one of which doesn't, things get a little trickier. Do all processes inherit environment variables from ~/.bashrc?

NB: You may find it useful to use Gnome or KDE, both of which have graphical interfaces for modifying proxy settings.

Edit #2: After a LOT of digging, I finally found this article on BRAMP.NET describing how to use iptables to redirect all outgoing web traffic on port 80 through a proxy server. The writer mentions that if directly sending the packets to the server doesn't work, it is possible to set up a local proxy server using something like Squid that will point to the network proxy.

This should work for applications that don't respect the http_environment variables. I'm currently working out whether this will still work in 12.04/12.10/13.04, and how to have it done automatically using a script inside /etc/network/if-up.d.

Edit #3: Even more digging has led me to this wonderful post describing how to redirect all system traffic through a SOCKS5 proxy set up by Redsocks - this may be adaptable to suit the current problem.


Keep the same Ubuntu boot screen while keeping a desktop package

Open a terminal and type:

  sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm

Then it will ask you to choose the default login manager. Use TAB to move between options.


It seems m17b has some problems. I just installed uim-anthy, which does the job finely.


Can I install ubuntu 14.04 on my RAIDed desktop?

Since the Desktop Package of Ubuntu 14.04 does not allow for RAID installation I found the best route is to install the Server Package of Ubuntu 14.04 and add the ubuntu-desktop after.

Once partitioned, configured, and installed at a command line prompt you can enter the following to install ubuntu-desktop:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

When the installer finishes you will need to reboot. Do this by entering:

sudo reboot now

Source: UbuntuLinuxGuide


NS_ERROR_FAILURE (0x80004005) on Ubuntu 20.04LTS

I was able to solve the problem myself today. The error message was telling that the version of Virtualbox and the version of the extesions were different.
Go to Preferences -> Extensions
Remove the extensions
Download the latest extension pack from https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
Install the up to date extension pack
Now Virtualbox works perfectly again.


Where to place a downloaded file to install a NIC driver?

If you would've downloaded the file from Ubuntu, it would go into the Downloads folder.  So when you copy it from your Windows machine, you can put it in the Downloads folder, or any folder of your choice, as long as you remember it.

Then once its in your Ubuntu machine, you can go ahead and make the install.


18.10 -- gdk-pixbuf/gdk-pixbuf-xlib.h: No such file or directory

The solution is to look at the warnings you got in the previous step, when running ./configure before running make. In my case I got a warning to the effect of warning: while GTK is installed, libxml-2.0 could not be found. Are all required libraries installed?

A little apt searching revealed I needed to sudo apt install libxml2-dev, then I got a similar message for libglade-2.0, which was installed with sudo apt libglade2-dev. Rerunning ./configure confirmed the missing libraries were successfully installed, and then make ran successfully.

In summary, you probably need to sudo apt install libxml2-dev libglave2-dev, but should look at the warnings of the ./configure script and resolve issues it warns about before running make.


Ubuntu One Files (Android App) not removing deleted files

The Ubuntu One files app for Android does not do two way sync. Currently only photos are auto-uploaded. There are plans to support fuller sync functionality in the app with future updates. Announcements about this will be made on the Ubuntu One blog at http://voices.canonical.com/ubuntuone


Prevent mediascanner from scanning USB devices

Add a file to the root directory on your USB drive called .nomedia

This will tell mediascanner to not scan the directory that it's in or any directories below it.


Shortcut to restart the X-screen in Xubuntu like 'r' is for Gnome Shell

I found it out:

setxkbmap -option terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp


According to the output of wget, the remote HTTP server returns the response code and message:

200 Webcat Access denied

This is a bit odd, because status code 200 is supposed to denote success, but the subsequent status messages contains "denied". It's also a non-standard message, because "Webcat" doesn't appear anywhere in the HTTP specification.

To summarize, the error lies not with you but with the server administrator. There's nothing, you can do about it without their help.


ignite is right. but still, I would create this function:

function gedit(){ command gedit "$@" &>/dev/null & }

throwing the output to /dev/null keeps your terminal clean and allows you to continue your work.


Try to go to "Appearance" -> Behavior tab and click enable workspaces.
You can find it more detailed here:
How do I turn on workspaces? (Why do I only have one workspace?)


Windows 8 lost after installing Ubuntu 14.04 on secondary drive

This is not ideal but may help someone not overly familiar with Ubuntu such as myself.

I disconnected the secondary drive and booted up as normal

This gave me a prompt

grub rescue>

I followed this guide

Insert win 8 installation CD.
Boot from the CD
Select Repair PC
Automatic Repair, next I tried system restore, then command prompt

At the command prompt I entered the following:

bootrec /fixmbr
bootrec /fixboot
bootrec /scanos
bootrec /rebuildbcd

Then exit, shutdown, remove the CD and it booted into windows for me.  I shutdown and reconnected the secondary drive.  I don't have Ubuntu but at least I have windows back where all my programs are.  Back to the drawing board with Ubuntu on two drives for me.


Lubuntu Minimal on mini.iso after 18.04 - lxde or lxqt?

If you're asking about https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic-updates/lubuntu-core, it was last available with bionic/18.04 which will be supported until 2021-April.
Lubuntu uses LXQt from 18.10 up as @DKBose mentioned and no such package exists after 18.04.
Lubuntu 18.04 LTS was also the last with the alternate ISO which allowed installs on machines with less than 768MB of ram (it wasn't even re-spun for 18.04.1 or later ISOs, just the original 18.04) See https://lubuntu.me/taking-a-new-direction/
If you're worried about lightness, I used old single-core pentium M, 1GB ram laptops to test Lubuntu 18.10 & 19.04, and in my subjective opinion it was the lightest Ubuntu flavor available (Xubuntu was the only other capable of running on those laptops though; MATE had already ported to GTK3 so was painful on those under-powered & ancient laptops). For later/subsequent cycles I finally added memory as few people would use 1GB ram laptops these days, though I did push a pentium 4 box up to eoan/19.10 too.
LXDE is currently on life-support It was noted by pcman some GTK3 patches were submitted years ago, and pcman actually started porting it to GTK3 but noted the performance hit (I can't currently find the blog on this, I'll add it if I find it), so it was re-reported to Qt5 which performed much better. Most of the LXDE team then joined with Razor-Qt team creating a new LXQt team & project.  Lubuntu wants to remain light, which today means LXQt/Qt5.
LXDE may still survive if it's converted to GTK3, however I personally suspect it's days are numbered (in Debian/Ubuntu).  Lubuntu now uses LXQt/Qt5, Xubuntu is now all GTK3 (since 19.10), and the main project that has kept GTK2 libraries mostly-patched is still gimp (GNU Image Manipulation program) which is nearing its GTK3 port completion. Once the port of gimp to GTK3 is done, we may see Debian/Ubuntu EOL GTK2 & start removing all GTK2 libraries which will cause LXDE to disappear as well (this won't occur before April-2021, though packages are likely to remain in existing repositories for the full life of those systems just as python2 & Qt4 packages did; what happened with those are what I'd expect to happen with all GTK2 based packages).
For LXDE to survive in Debian/Ubuntu, it'll require a community member to package it's GTK3 port when it's completed (an unknown date in the future) which will likely involve even more work if it's after removal of existing packages, but that's just my opinion!  (it may be packaged via PPA as that's a lot easier having a very loose security model)
The real answer to your minimal package question though is probably best answered by the already provided Taking a New Direction blog.
An alternative way of achieving that however would be to

Not installing the Recommends of lubuntu-desktop has a similar effect.

Quoting @wxl from https://discourse.lubuntu.me/t/what-happened-to-the-meta-mackage-lubuntu-core-in-20-04-lts/1045


Genymotion not loading virtual machine on Ubuntu 12.04

Force VirtualBox Module compilation by running following command:

sudo /etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup

Before running above command make sure that you are in vboxuser group. To do this run following command:

sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers angel

Here angel is my username, replace this with your username.


I think you mean "Nix package manager" (NixOS is a linux distribution built on top of Nix packages manager).

Nix installs its packages into /nix folder which you need to make it writable for user that will perform installations. we call this single-user mode. There is also multi-user mode which allows multiple users to install packages, but setup is a little more complicated.

Also Nix community does not provide binaries for ARM architecture so you will need to build Nix and every package from scratch. There was a talk on mailing list to start supporting ARM arch, but conversation is still in progress.

And in case you are interested there is a nice comparison between Snappy and Nix done awhile back. Snappy looks pretty poor choice when you compared to Nix. But maybe I'm just using Nix for too long :)


Handle Conflicting Installation Methods Cuda Nvidia

If you have cuda installed you can get the version from the directory name or from the name on the uninstall.pl

ls /usr/local/cuda*

ls /usr/local/cuda*/bin/uninstall*

Will yield "/usr/local/cuda-X.Y/bin/uninstall_cuda_X.Y.pl" where the X.Y you are asking about is in the cuda directory and on the uninstall script (uninstall_cuda.X.Y.pl).

Or you can also

nvcc --version

Regardless of the version , you need to first uninstall it as directed before you install a new version.


LXDE preferences lacks Default Applications applet

Lubuntu 14.04 already has LXDE setup for Ubuntu with a default application tool in Preferences and a brand new repo you can add for up-to-date fixes and updates that have sorted the network manager problem...

Install Lubuntu or in your current Ubuntu setup install lubuntu-desktop to have same distro, then when finished reboot and in Terminal type:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lubuntu-dev/staging


False network problem when I try to upgrade my Ubuntu

There are two ways you can upgrade your Ubuntu:

From the Software Updater (from inside the current installation)
From a DVD or bootable USB stick with the Ubuntu version you want to go.

Don't forget to backup your data first!
Looks like you could not upgrade with the first option if understood your question correctly. So basically you could try the second option.
To perform the second option you only need a DVD/USB stick and a ISO image with the Ubuntu version you want to go (the ISO is that file you get when you download Ubuntu from the official website). Then you create burn the ISO into a DVD with Brasero or create a bootable USB stick with the Startup Disk Creator. Now you boot the computer with the DVD/USB stick on it.
Recommended resources:

Ubuntu Download
How to create a bootable USB stick on Ubuntu
How to burn a DVD on Ubuntu


Why are softwares not packaged in a single file?

The main reason that dependencies are not included with the program itself is so that components of the system can be easily updated.

Imagine one dependency is used by five different programs. If a security vulnerability is found in that dependency, only one copy has to be updated, rather than five copies.

To the user, it doesn't matter that multiple packages need to be installed - installing the one piece of software you want automatically installs its dependencies.

The main difference between .deb and .exe packaging is not that Ubuntu software is not published in a single file. The main difference is the whole concept of a software repository that contains packages, and that updates can be easily be provided from.

This can sometimes be problematic for computers without a direct internet connection. There are tools, like APTonCD, that help minimise these difficulties.


what are the compilation steps for Firefox?

Here is how you make changes to Mozilla Firefox

unzip /path/to/omni.ja -d omni
Modify the files
cd /path/to/omni
zip -qr9XD omni.ja *

This method should work fine. Since you have already done all the modification now all you need is to follow step 3 and 4.

More about omni.ja(formerly omni.jar) here.


Shutdown virtualbox and go into settings then click on network and usually the settings in the screenshot that I am attaching are all you need.

You do not need to do anything in network manager in ubuntu.

If for some reason it does not work here is an image of the advanced settings.


Lubuntu 18.04 Desperate for fixing VLC Mkv issues

The problem is not with VLC or Lubuntu. It lies with your integrated graphics. These atom processor have Integrated graphics which are infamous for lack of driver support. The GMA (SGX) based integrated graphics in these CPU have no driver support at all on ubuntu 12.10 and above.

Your best bet is to downgrade to 12.04.1 or install windows if you want decent playback.

Alternatively, go to vlc -> preferences -> video and set output to X11 or xvideo. See if that makes it work.


Is there a way to get Smarty syntax highlight in gedit?

I got the github link to work. The steps I took was the following:

Copy the files to a folder.

smarty.lang
smarty.xml
smarty.sh

Navigate to the folder with the cd command in a terminal.
Make smarty.sh executable

chmod +x ./smarty.sh
And finally install it!

./smarty.sh


Problem with dependencis where try to install virtualbox5.1

I cant read your language, but usually when I have problems like this, it is because of dependencies, and you can solve it with "sudo apt-get -f install", which installs the dependencies together with your package.


Ubuntu 12.10 : error installing Canon UFR2 Drivers

It looks like your debs have references to the gs-esp (Ghostscript ESP flavour) package which has been merged into GNU Ghostscript and abandoned from support.

You have at least few options (ordered by easiest coming first):

Download more recent UFR II drivers - e.g. v2.50 from Canon but check whether your printer is supported by this particular version. If it doesn't work, try to find 2.40 or 2.30 and try them.
Ask Cannon to repackage v2.20 if later versions (between your 2.20 and latest provided 2.50) have issues with printing.
Make sure you have ghostscript installed anyway - you can try to install .deb by telling dpkg to ignore this dependency problem with key --ignore-depends=gs-esp flag. But, you have to be sure that Canon software launches gs binary not gs-esp or provide proper link from gs-esp or gr. You can get hints through googling for old package traces, and look into binary content of it.
If nothing else works, you can try to build your own v2.20 .deb from source with proper reference but you have to make your own build environment, which is might be complex enough.


Please check that the websever has read access to the location. So for a path of /var/www/drafts and to give the web server read + write access

sudo chown -R www-data /var/www/drafts
sudo find /var/www/drafts -type f  -exec chmod 640 {} \;
sudo find /var/www/drafts -type d  -exec chmod 750 {} \;

It's unclear from your question if you want it to list files or not but:

If you want to show a listing of files for /drafts

You need to do

Options +Indexes

-Indexes removes the option


On some systems you have to press F2, Del or Esc to access Bios settings. Less frequently it is CTRL+Alt+ESC.

Once in Bios settings, on some systems, while there is a boot order giving you "removable drives" and "primary hard disk" as options, you may have to set the boot order again in an item labelled "HDD's" where you find again the USB drive.


How can I install the Vyos software .iso inside an LXC container?

As of last week LXC and LXD v3.0.0 were released.

Although there are many great new features/capabilities, to stay on topic, also released was lxd-p2c which is a tool to allow you to create a local (or remote) LXD container from either a physical machine or a VM.

So you can try now to install the ISO as say a KVM VM.   After installed then create an LXD container using the lxd-p2c tool.

There is a video from FOSDEM 2018 by Stephane Graber demonstrating taking a CentOS VM running Apache and creating a working LXD CentOS container with the Apache running using lxd-p2c:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=8&v=JKztAWZOj9g

The LXD 3.0.0 release announcement is found here:

https://discuss.linuxcontainers.org/t/lxd-3-0-0-has-been-released/1491


Failing to install ruby gems required by vagrant plugin install vagrant-proxyconf

After reading the HTTP error more carefully I realised that this is failing because my corporate firewall is blocking HTTP requests with User-Agent: bundler/1.11.2 ....  I was able to confirm this with curl (works) vs curl -A "bundler/1.11.2 ... (doesn't work).

The administrative solution is to configure the corporate firewall to allow bundler as a User-Agent.  I filed an internal case - we'll see where that goes...

The hacky interim technical solution is to patch the bundler source so it uses a more acceptable User-Agent.

Create the file bundler-hack-useragent.patch with the following contents:

diff --git a/fetcher.rb b/fetcher.rb
index aaf4679..e4738f4 100644
--- a/fetcher.rb
+++ b/fetcher.rb
@@ -238,7 +238,8 @@ module Bundler
         end

         con.read_timeout = Fetcher.api_timeout
-        con.override_headers["User-Agent"] = user_agent
+#        con.override_headers["User-Agent"] = user_agent
+        con.override_headers["User-Agent"] = 'curl/7.19.7'
         con.override_headers["X-Gemfile-Source"] = @remote.original_uri.to_s if @remote.original_uri
         con
       end

Apply the patch:

sudo patch --directory /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/bundler < bundler-hack-useragent.patch

This will hardcode curl as the User-Agent in /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/bundler/fetcher.rb.  curl works with my corporate firewall, though you may have to pick something else.


This answer is a cannon to kill a rabbit, but if all you're interested in sudoing X applications that is what you'll need.

The solution:

Add to your ~/.bashrc

# Fabby: 2014-11-14: http://askubuntu.com/questions/571116/
# to allow forwarding of xauth keys between users when calling su
# needs to be the last line
export $(dbus-launch)

The explanation:

Do you know what the X server is?  OK!
Do you know that it has a client/server technology?  OK!
Do you know what D-Bus is? OK!
Well, now the dbus-launch variable gets exported so that x messages from one user session can use other user's session!  Plain and simple!


Dell Inspiron 14z laptop vs Dell inspiron 14z ultrabook

Both the Dell laptops are compatible with Ubuntu. Infact, both are certified by Ubuntu.

You can see the complete list of Ubuntu certified Dell hardware by visiting this link: http://www.ubuntu.com/certification/desktop/make/Dell/?category=Desktop&category=Laptop&category=Netbook


The first think you should do is install the Ubuntu LTSEnablementStack.  Your X.org drivers are for you graphics display and will have nothing to do with your networking drivers.

The EnablementStack may just solve your problem, because it will give you access to newer supported Linux kernels on the LTS versions of Ubuntu.

I am guessing your notebook is an HP Probook 455G1, but could you post your exact part number?

From the HP support site for the HP Probook 455G1, it looks like you have either the a Realtek or Broadcom wireless adapter.  Realtek support is generally pretty good, but Broadcom is less so.

HP Quickspecs (Realtek & Ralink)
HP Drivers (Realtek & Broadcom)

Ubuntu Ralink
Ubuntu Realtek
Ubuntu Broadcom

You can find more information about your hardware using lspci


How do I control remote Windows 7 machine? VNC/RDP/?

You can install a VPN server on your office machine and have the laptop to connect as a client suggestion: openvpn or you can use teamviewer under wine on your ubuntu machine. For frequent remote connections, I would prefer the VPN solution. It is also more powerful as with the VPN, your laptop will behave as if it was connected in your LAN (use internal resources easily as shared directories, internal webpages, printers, central authentication possibly, etc...) and not only share its desktop as with teamviewer.

Update:
openvpn will show the log of the last connection with cat /etc/openvpn/openvpn-status.log

To fix the ip assigned to the client, you can use in server config file:

ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt 0

ipp.txt is used with ifconfig-pool-persist (without 0) to persist the ip when reconnecting after connection is down. Using 0 the server will never update the file so the IP will always be the same.

In ipp.txt you enter host,ip pairs like:
mylaptop,192.168.2.6
to assign 192.168.2.6 to host mylaptop.

Obs: Don't forget to change ipp.txt file if you change the ip pool assignment for the clients.


Virtual device when started in Genymotion Hangs (Force Close) on Ubuntu 12.04

-just a quick heads up!
Genymotion will NOT work with the standard open-source drivers! (not properly anyway!)
You need to install the proprietary graphic card drivers.

For example;
under Additional Drivers in Ubuntu, you will find all available/compatiblie drivers, both open and closed

Good Luck!


I might on some occasions reboot Ubuntu in the middle of the sync

I think this will be the answer. Also, uploading a big file instead of a bunch of small files is more dangerous. I think you should drop the creating a compressed archive part, and just set Ubuntu One to synchronize your ~/Documents folder.

Alternative solution

I have read an issue in the comments to this question that the files should be revised between two occasions (version control). One way would be setting up a version control system, but that is a big amount of hassle for home usage.

So, if you wish to keep revisions of files, but to use a solution that does not compress the files, you can have a small file to create a copy of your Documents folder with an added timestamp, and let that folder (as the folder uncompressed) synced to Ubuntu One.

But if the size of the folder is big, this download causes too much write on the system (not very good for SSD-based storages) and increases latency. I'm not sure how Ubuntu One treates symbolical links, though... If symbolical links are treated as copies of the file (so the original content is uploaded, not the link inode), you can just create symlinks.


How to set up a (relatively) secure kiosk on Natty?

Your requirements remind me of a typical setup of MythTV, which just automatically logs in, and starts an X session which then starts only one application (the front end) instead of a window manager.

http://www.mythtv.org/wiki/Frontend_Auto_Login#Method_1

It would seem that this can be adapted to your purposes. Virtual terminals would still be available via alt-ctrl-Fn combos, but a terminal is not easily available since you'd have to log in.


update-grub2 could not find custom kernel

The following three commands also solve this problem, by turning off the executable bit on 09_lowlatency and turning on the bit for 10_linux, in accordance with the text in /etc/grub.d/README.lowlatency.  I recommend editing /etc/default/grub to change GRUB_TIMEOUT to a positive value, prior to invoking update-grub as well.

# chmod -x /etc/grub.d/09_lowlatency
# chmod +x /etc/grub.d/10_linux
# update-grub


Multiple chromium icons in launcher of 14.04 LTS

I came up with this abomination (personal opinion... I'd just like for it to work with sh :) ) It has a few tricks, but is pretty robust for two Windows.. You could specify further windows too, but they have to be manually added by adding more "specificprofile1" along with the corresponding function.. Maybe someone could make it have more.. logic!

#!/bin/bash
# chromium-start.sh $1
# e.g. put:
# chrome-start.sh "Profile 1" to .desktop Exec=
# wmctrl -o 1366,0 ; chromium-browser %U --profile-directory=Profile\ 2 & sleep 3; wmctrl -o 0,0

# $1 = Profile folder name

profilename=$1

#2nd Chromium profile
specificprofile1="Profile 1"

echo "starting Chromium"
echo "args: " $1
echo "Profile name: " $profilename
echo "Specific profile: " $specificprofile1

# Just setting Chromium scaling variable, because of course Google Devs don't care about no fractional scaling on linux
scale_var=0.8

# Check if Chromium window with the specified class already exists
# Also allows using icons as "taskbar" switches (clicking icon takes to corresponding Chromium Window)
if wmctrl -l -x | grep "chromium-$profilename"
then
echo "Chromium Window exists, moving focus to it"
wmctrl -x -R chromium-"$profilename"
echo "true"

# Check if 2nd profile $specifiedprofile1 has been started yet or not. The WMCLASS(es) has to have been set correctly...
elif [[ "$specificprofile1" == "$profilename" ]] && [[ ! "`wmctrl -l -x | grep chromium-"$specificprofile1"`" ]]
then
    # TODO: Nesting
    if [ "$specificprofile1" == "$profilename" ]
    then
    echo $specificprofile1 "equals" $profilename
    fi
echo "#2 Chromium Window for $specificprofile1 does not exist"
# wmctrl moves to specific position of desktop (1366 means moving to the following workspace since my resolution is 1366x768)
# Be careful if using sleep timing, since the command needs to have enough time to execute to have the window in the correct workspace
wmctrl -o 1366,0
chromium-browser  --profile-directory="$profilename" --force-device-scale-factor=$scale_var %U &
# https://askubuntu.com/a/626524/654028
# Set's the chromium window which was opened latest to have a custom class, since Chromium doesn't care about the --class= flag...
# It has it's limitations, but should be robust enough for most use... Has not been tested long term.. Something probably could reset the WM_CLASS again
# xprop -id "$(wmctrl -l -x| grep "chromium-browser" | tail -n 1 |awk '{ print $1 }')" -f WM_CLASS 8s -set WM_CLASS "chromium-browser.chromium-$specificprofile1"

# Alternative method for checking if a window with specified class exists
# xprop -id "$(wmctrl -l -x| grep "chromium-$profilename" | tail -n 1 |awk '{ print $1 }')" | grep -o "WM_CLASS(STRING) = ".*"" | grep -o '".*"' | tr -d '"'

# https://stackoverflow.com/a/19441380/5776626
winrep=""
while [[ ! "`echo $winrep | grep -l "Map State: IsViewable"`" ]]
do
    winid="$(wmctrl -l -x| grep "chromium-$profilename" | tail -n 1 |awk '{ print $1 }')"
    # print $winid
    winrep="$(xwininfo -id $winid | grep -o 'Map State: IsViewable')"
    # print $winrep
    sleep 0.75
    xprop -id "$(wmctrl -l -x| grep "chromium-browser" | tail -n 1 |awk '{ print $1 }')" -f WM_CLASS 8s -set WM_CLASS "chromium-browser.chromium-$specificprofile1"
done
# sleep 3

# Move Window directly to workspace (#2 with 1366x768 resolution x = 1366), optionally comment out wmctrl -o 1366,0
# wmctrl -v -i -r $winid -e 0,1366,0,-1,-1

# sleep 5
# Move back to workspace #1
wmctrl -o 0,0

elif ! wmctrl -l -x | grep chromium-"$profilename"
then
echo "#3 Chromium Window $profilename does not exist"
wmctrl -o 0,0
chromium-browser  --profile-directory="$profilename" --force-device-scale-factor=$scale_var %U &

# https://askubuntu.com/a/626524/654028
# ....
# sleep 3

winrep=""
while [[ ! "`echo $winrep | grep -l "Map State: IsViewable"`" ]]
do
    winid="$(wmctrl -l -x| grep "chromium-$profilename" | tail -n 1 |awk '{ print $1 }')"
    # print $winid
    winrep="$(xwininfo -id $winid | grep -o 'Map State: IsViewable')"
    # print $winrep
    sleep 0.75
    xprop -id "$(wmctrl -l -x| grep "chromium-browser" | tail -n 1 |awk '{ print $1 }')" -f WM_CLASS 8s -set WM_CLASS "chromium-browser.chromium-$profilename"
done
wmctrl -o 0,0
# xprop -id "$(wmctrl -l -x| grep "chromium-browser" | tail -n 1 |awk '{ print $1 }')" -f WM_CLASS 8s -set WM_CLASS "chromium-browser.chromium-$profilename"
fi

Issues:

Printing gives errors (deprecation warnings..):

Unescaped left brace in regex is deprecated, passed through in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%{ <-- HERE (.*?)}/ at /usr/bin/print line 528.

For debugging you can use the following to print out the errors when using actual icons:
https://askubuntu.com/a/664272/654028 (# The Manual alternative)

awk '/^Exec=/ {sub("^Exec=", ""); gsub(" ?%[cDdFfikmNnUuv]", ""); exit system($0)}' chrome-ws2.desktop

while loop bugs out, probably because of looping interval

Error: no such file "at while function"
xwininfo: error: -id requires argument
xprop: error: Invalid window id format: .
xwininfo: error: -id requires argument
xprop: error: Invalid window id format: .
xwininfo: error: -id requires argument
xprop: error: Invalid window id format: .

Also when clicking a corresponding .desktop icon too fast (before the custom class has been set ?), a new window will be opened..

(quite) Sometimes when starting from both Chromium too fast (~<3s), the class of the previously opened window gets reset to chromium-browser.chromium-browser..
Then you can expect the icons to have swapped around or other unexpected behavior.


Encrypting a non-linux partition with LUKS

Got it. dm-crypt did the trick. Use that instead of LUKS if you only need a single key and need the partition to be a certain size.


How to can I restart apache server in linux?

as stated in the comment, thats true. You have to modify correct ini at correct path.
You have just changed only the cli configuration (PHP called from bash or so (cli)).

So the path should be: /etc/php/7.1/apache2/php.ini.

But it depend on Your distro .. etc


How to initiate automatic execution of commands upon keyboard layout switch?

How language switching is implemented on Ubuntu

By default, Ubuntu's input source is set in a database called gsettings. Each setting has a specific schema associated with it. In particular, language switching is associated with org.gnome.desktop.input-sources schema.  That's the one we're interested in for all modern Ubuntu versions.

More specifically, we're interested in its key current.  When you change language via GUI, that key gets modified. There's many things you can do with it, from  switching input language in command-line to defining shortcuts for each input method, even setting input method for each individual app can be done.  One way to do so is via gsettings command or dconf command. These are external programs which live in your /usr/bin/ folder (this is the same method that Jacob's answer uses). Another way, is via specific set of utilities ( API's actually ) for Python programming language. This is the method I will show in my answer.

It should be noted that gsettings doesn't always work. If you are using a non-standard input method, such as fcitx for example, that might not be true. In fact sogou-pinyin ( Chinese input method ) uses something else known as dbus, so approach with gsettings won't work. But for simple case where you have default Ubuntu, gsettings database is sufficient.

Detecting input method change

The way Jacob does it is via single run of external gsettings command and modifying shortcuts, such that each time you click the shortcut, the program runs. There is another approach, via already existing Gio API. This type of API would be used when you develop a proper desktop application for Ubuntu or other system that uses GNOME-related desktop. The script below illustrates the approach with Gio API.

#!/usr/bin/env python
from __future__ import print_function
from gi.repository import Gio, GObject
import subprocess

def on_changed(settings, key):
  # This will run if specific key of a schema changed
  print("Language changed")
  # Do something else here, for example call external program
  subprocess.call(['xmodmap','-e', 'keycode 52=y'])
  subprocess.call(['xmodmap','-e', 'keycode 29=z'])

def main():
  # We're focusing on this specific schema
  settings = Gio.Settings("org.gnome.desktop.input-sources")
  # Once the "current" key changes, on-changed function will run
  settings.connect("changed::current", on_changed)
  loop = GObject.MainLoop()
  loop.run()

if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()

There are distinct advantages to this approach over interfering with the shortcuts:

You don't have to edit shortcuts. I won't overplay this but the setup for this answer is just making the script automatically start up when you login .
Because it uses the GIO event API, we aren't honking on gsettings twice every time we change language. We let the language change happen as it would have always have happened. This makes it faster and less resource intensive when changing languages.
Because it's always listening, we're never left waiting for Python to put its trousers on and load a script. It loads once, at login and then it's ready for changes.
Because it uses the API, anything else that changes the input language (menu icons, gsettings) will fire the event and therefore this script.

There are some concerns in the comments from the other poster but while this is a persistent script also works in its favour. The meagre resources it does consume vastly outweigh the fact it'll eat a fraction of a percent of RAM.


This feature works in all gtk+-based applications when they use the default gtk+ input method. For example, all GNOME applications, OpenOffice.org and Firefox.

However, if you have enabled IBus in order to write complex scripts, then you lose the Ctrl+Shift+U facility. You would need to disable IBus and return bug to the gtk+ input method.


How to prevent Microsoft Teams "Allow settings change?" dialog on startup?

@n0rbert gave me this hint in a different question.
Instead of the teams-for-linux snap, I just used the teams snap (or the teams-insiders snap).
Both are also available in Ubuntu Software.
This solves the problem.


The answer is "batch mode". Batch mode description can be found here: https://www.xilinx.com/support/documentation/sw_manuals/xilinx2014_3/SDK_Doc/concepts/sdk_c_batch_mode.htm#50655672_26190


How to install a web app after dismissing it initially?

Open the software center and search for unity-webapps.  There you can install the ones you want.

You can also use the command: sudo apt-get install unity-webapps-<webapp-name>

Make sure you have the following packages installed:

unity-webapps-service libunity-webapps0 xul-ext-unity libufe-xidgetter0

You can install them with:

sudo apt-get install unity-webapps-service libunity-webapps0 xul-ext-unity libufe-xidgetter0


Can I have a mail server and use gmail at the same time?

If you want to receive e-mail you have to have a working way of receiving e-mail. This includes a smtp server accepting incoming mail.

If you want to get mail from gmail via IMAP, it has to be sent to your address at gmail.

IMAP is a way for clients to retrieve mail from a server.


problems dual booting windows 10 & ubuntu MATE 16.04.3

Thansk to @oldfred, it turns out I needed to use custom secure boot settings in my acer bios.

as per this answer that he linked:

  Press F2 to enter into BIOS and do following:

  Set supervisor password from Security menu option.
  Set BootMode to 'UEFI' from Boot menu option.
  Enable SecureBoot from Boot menu option.
  From Security menu option - Select 'UEFI file as trusted for       executing' press Enter then 'HDD0' appears press Enter then 'EFI'
  appears press Enter then select 'ubuntu' option from the list (only
  listed if you have ubuntu installed already) press Enter then choose
  'shimx64.efi' (In my case it's the third entry) press Enter give it a
  name and press Enter.
  Go back to Boot menu option and under Boot priority goto       'ubuntu' item in the list and press F6 until it become top most item
  in the list. Repeat same for 'Windows Boot manager' until it becomes
  second top most item in the list.
  Press F10 to save changes and exit.

and it works!


Is it possible to extend memory for ubuntu OS?

As long as you have free space on the hard drive directly after your Ubuntu partition then you can extend it as much as you have space.  Your files will be safe, however, it's always a must to backup your data before doing any operation with your partitions.  A wrong key stroke could be disastrous.

If you don't have space behind your Ubuntu partition, and you have another partition there, you'll need to use a 3rd party application which will let you shrink and grow your partitions.

I've used EaseUs Partition Manager on windows servers before with good success.  I don't know much about the product other than what worked for me.  Your mileage may vary.

EaseUs Partition Manager


What happened, as is evident from your grub.cfg, is that while your upgrade didn't succeed, it upgraded your kernel to the 10.10 kernel (2.6.35) anyway.

What you need to do is hold down Shift at system startup. Then, at the GRUB menu, pick the 2.6.32 kernel (which corresponds to 10.04).

I'm not promising that this will solve everything (or even anything), but booting into the new kernel when the upgrade has aborted is probably not going to fly. ;-)


Installing glib gives "You must have either have gettext support"

OK, I think I figured it out.  Since I was "installing" everything in a directory under my home directory, I needed to add the "bin" subdirectory of the --prefix directory to my $PATH before running configure.  That made it find msgfmt and, I think, got it around the error.


Try using the command

wine control

This should bring up the Wine Control Panel where you will find the game controllers icon. Check the configuration for Game Controllers.


First of all, do not touch /lib. Second, you might want to check modinfo radeon to check what driver/module are you using. If you installed the 3.12 kernel you are most likely using already the latest driver.


How can I replace a clip with another one in Kdenlive?

The inability to easily replace the footage of a clip while retaining the effect stack and transitions is a pretty big limitation that I've run into as well.  I found a work-around that works as long as your clips are video files and not image sequences.  If you move the source clips before starting kdenlive, then when you open your project, kdenlive won't be able to find them and will present you with a list of clips that it can't find, which will be all the ones that you moved.

I found that you can double-click on each entry in the list and navigate to your new (in this case, stabilized) footage and select it.

Unfortunately, this doesn't seem to work with image sequence clips because it doesn't present the correct dialog box for that.  I might try directly editing the kdenlive file and see if that works..


Is it possible to a crontab file containing 1k+ lines of schedules?

I am pretty sure there is no limit to the length of a cron file (maybe 65536 chars/lines due to 32bit limits?).
Some people on Stack overflow and Server Fault thought there was a limit:

(2011) Ubuntu Debian is limited to 256 (and I just ran into that). FreeBSD will happily accept 600 entries. I haven't checked beyond that, but 600 crontab entries ought to be enough for anyone :)

But that wasn't the accepted answer, this was and it says there isn't one.

There doesn't appear to be a documented limit to the number of crontab entries allowed. So, short of checking the source code to the specific version you're using, perhaps the BUG entry in the crontab manpage could be helpful:
Although cron requires that each entry in a crontab end in a newline character, neither the crontab command nor the cron daemon will detect this error. Instead, the crontab will appear to load normally. However, the command will never run. The best choice is to ensure that your crontab has a blank line at the end.

And on Unix and Linux, this was the answer:

cronies limit seems to depend on the filesystem (maximum file size) as the cron daemon stores the crontab entries per user in a linked list - see user.c from cronie for details. This means the maximum number of job entries for crontab is basically unlimited.

So I'm pretty sure that it is unlimited, but you need to have that blank line at the end. :)


Multiple network connections, where does traffic get routed through?

Network interfaces have a "metric" value. If multiple interfaces can reach to the gateway, the one with the smallest metric will be used.

You can try typing netstat -r at the command line to have a look at that.
ifconfig will give the metric for each interface as well.


If your question is really not "Why do I get this?" but instead "How can I get rid of this?", try the answer here.


I encountered a same problem. Snap uses Fastly CDN, which means your speed is determined by which Fastly CDN node you get. If you get a nearest one, the speed can be very quick.

You can execute this command to find out which node you got: dig fastly.cdn.snapcraft.io For me, it was 151.101.26.217 and very slow.

So I changed it to 151.101.62.217 in /etc/hosts and the speed improved from 10k/s to 1M/s. I installed pycharm in 5 minutes.

How to set hosts? Just add a new line in your /etc/hosts:

151.101.62.217  fastly.cdn.snapcraft.io


i cant install ubuntu using pendrive usb installer

If the menssage you get appears when you install ubuntu on your laptop you have to select on boot the usb.

When you turn on your laptop, a key (F2, F4...) to boot options appears on monitor...or something like this. reboot you machine and press this key at the time it is appear, on boot options select USB.


I use overgrive with kubuntu and it works fabulous. It certainly isnt an official google drive client but gets the job done.


Ubuntu 20.04, Package system76-power is in conflict with nvidia-prime

Remove nvidia-prime with sudo apt remove nvidia-prime. If system76-power depends on it (it looks like it) remove both. If you've removed both: upgrade the system and reinstall system76-power, else upgrade only.
I'd always try not to use any force flags..


command not found typically results from 2 cases:

an executable not having execute permissions for your user or group
an executable not belonging to a folder listed in PATH variable , or the opposite - PATH variable that does not contain the location of your executable.

As have been solved in the comments , your case is #2.   For future readers, the solution is as such:

open your shell's configuration file in any text editor. If your shell is bash open ~/.bashrc , if your shell is zsh open ~/.zshrc. Note that ~ refers to your home directory.
Add line export PATH="$PATH:/usr/sbin" . Note, that /usr/sbin is just an example, your location might be different.
Save the file, exit and run source ~/.zshrc or source ~/.bashrc. Note, that for shells such as ksh or dash you will need to use . ~/.bashrc since source command is bashism and is not portable


Having igncr set in the stty settings would make your terminal ignore carriage returns (and pressing return would have no effect), although hitting Ctrl+C would still reload the prompt on a new line. To temporarily reset your tty, run

stty sane

and see below for how to put this command in a file so it is executed each time the terminal is loaded, even though the defaults should already be very similar.

However, even though you mention carriage return, I think you simply mean that ^C isn't being inserted after you press Ctrl+C.

This happens when the -echoctl option of stty is set: see the full list of options at the Ubuntu manpage for stty. When a - is appended before an option, the opposite result occurs- i.e. ctrl is not echoed to the terminal. To see what non-standard options you have, just enter stty and see if -echoctl is listed:

speed 38400 baud; line = 0;
eol = M-^?; eol2 = M-^?; swtch = M-^?;
ixany iutf8
-echoctl

To temporarily change the setting, so that ^C is echoed when you hit Ctrl+C you can run:

stty echoctl

However, to set it 'permanently', you can either place stty echoctl in your .bashrc or .bash_aliases or perhaps, as noted here, you can create a .stty file in your home folder and place the following in your bashrc:

stty $(cat ~/.stty)

Any other customisations can go in .stty as well, say, for example, if you wanted to reassign the stty shortcuts and have different ones from the default values.