How would I broadcast a subdomain/virtual name on a local server with people connected to the same network

Reachable on a few local machines

If you want mysite.dev to work on just a couple of local machines, you can always edit their /etc/hosts files. Windows also have hosts files that you can edit, which are located in C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts.

In the hosts file on the computer you want to set up being able to reach mysite.dev, just add this to the bottom of it (both Windows and Linux):

SERVERIP mysite.dev www.mysite.dev

Where you replace SERVERIP with the local IP address of your server running Apache.

Reachable on the entire local network

If you want it to work on your local network, you'll ned a DNS server and configure the networks DHCP server so your local machines do all their DNS queries through your server.

First, let's install bind.

sudo apt-get install bind9

Then we'll ned to start configuring bind and adding a DNS zone, in this case the mysite.dev. Start by editing your /etc/bind/named.conf.local file and add the following block to it:

zone "mysite.dev" {
    type master;
    file "/etc/bind/zones/mysite.dev;
}

Then, create the direcotyr /etc/bind/zones.

sudo mkdir /etc/bind/zones

Now, let's add the zone file for the mysite.dev domain. Create and edit the file /etc/bind/zones/mysite.dev and add the following to it:

$ORIGIN . ; -*- zone -*-
$TTL 600    ; 10 minutes
mysite.dev          IN SOA  YOURSERVERNAME. hostmaster.mysite.dev. (
                    2012102300 ; serial
                    6H         ; refresh
                    30M        ; retry
                    4W         ; expire
                    10M        ; minimum (10 minutes)
                )
                NS  YOURSERVERNAME.
                A   YOURSERVERIP

$ORIGIN mysite.dev.
www         A   YOURSERVERIP

Now take a closer look here. You need to change the two occurances of YOURSERVERNAME and the two occurances of YOURSERVERIP references to the ones that matches your server. For example server01.local and 10.0.0.2. To find out your server name, type hostname -f in a terminal window on your server.

If you're gonna change anything in this zone file (like adding subdomains later or something), you must remember to update the serial number. In this case it's 2012102300. The value must be set to a higher value, e.g. 2012102301.

Restart the bind service with sudo service bind9 restart and the DNS server should be up and running for your domain. You should probably test this by running dig @localhost mysite.dev from the server itself before you jump on to the next step. You can also test it from a client computer on the network with dig @YOURSERVERIP mysite.dev, where YOURSERVERIP is the IP address for your server.

Now, the last thing you need to do, is update your DHCP servers configuration and set your local server as the (secondary, if possible) DNS server. This, unfortunatley, I can't help you with that easily.

Reachable on the internet

Since there is no top level domain name called .dev, it is necessary for ICANN to create this. At this point their gTLD application system is closed, but maybe it will be possible to apply for the .dev TLD some time in the future. Note that they probably want a bunch load of money for it.


Unable to install updates ("Error Broken count >0")

As brndn2k suggested, running sudo apt-get install -f fixed it.


I normally record with gtk-recordmydesktop and then that output video I edit with openshot or pitivi (for me preferably openshot). Both of which can add text to a video. Of course not with the yellow background for the text in your link but at least some text somewhere you want and freeze the video for a moment so the viewer has time to read.


The problem is that sudo dpkg --install filename.deb only identifies dependencies. It doesn't handle those dependencies automatically. You must install the dependencies (in the correct order) yourself.
That's why your output is complaining about "dependency problems": dpkg is telling you that you neglected to install the other package first.

Try using sudo apt install ./filename.deb instead. Apt DOES handle dependencies automatically.

If you read that dpkg -i instruction somewhere, please ping the author to update their documentation.

However, that won't work either for you due to a SEPARATE coincidental problem: The package python-wxgtk2.8 was dropped from Ubuntu after Ubuntu 14.04.

Download the older package from http://packages.ubuntu.com and install it. It might work...or it might not.

Seems like you're trying to use very old, unmaintained software. If you encounter problems, we don't provide support for it (sorry).


One approach is to create a temporary file and write any over-usage alerts to that file.  If, after we go through all the partitions, the file is not empty, an email message is sent:

tmpfile="$HOME/.fs_usage_check.tmp"
echo -n "" >"$tmpfile"
df -H | grep -vE '^Filesystem|tmpfs|cdrom' | awk '{ print $5 " " $1 }' | while read output;
do
    usep=$(echo $output | awk '{ print $1}' | cut -d'%' -f1  )
    partition=$(echo $output | awk '{ print $2 }' )
    if [ $usep -ge $Alert ]; then
        echo "Running out of space \"$partition  ($usep%)\" on $(hostname) as on $(date)" >>"$tmpfile"
    fi
done
if [ -s "$tmpfile" ] ; then
    mail  -s "Disk Space Warning" someone@host <"$tmpfile"
fi
rm -f "$tmpfile"

I am not familiar with the spacealert utility that you were using so I substituted mail for sending the email.

By the way, I think the awk/while/read statements can be simplified a bit:

tmpfile="$HOME/fs_usage_check.tmp"
echo -n "" >"$tmpfile"
df -H | grep -vE '^Filesystem|tmpfs|cdrom' | awk '{ print $1,$5 }' | while read partition usep ; do
    if [ ${usep%%%} -ge $Alert ]; then
        echo "Running out of space \"$partition  ($usep)\" on $(hostname) as on $(date)" >>"$tmpfile"
    fi
done
if [ -s "$tmpfile" ] ; then
    mail  -s "Disk Space Warning" someone@host <"$tmpfile"
fi
rm -f "$tmpfile"

In this simplified form, the usep variable changes slightly: it still has the '%' sign attached.  We need the percent sign removed in order to do numeric comparison. Bash has a special parameter expansion for removing such suffixes which looks like ${var%pattern} or, to remove the longest pattern matching suffix, ${var%%pattern}.  In our case, because the pattern itself is a percent sign, the same as bash's magic character, we need either to escape it (as in ${usep%\%}) or to use the longest match command (as in ${usep%%%}).

Note that the do while loop is in a pipeline and therefore in a subshell (I am assuming you are using bash or dash or similar shell).  Thus, none of its environment variables survive out of the loop.  The temporary file, of course, survives and that makes it good for signaling whether a message should be sent.


Something like this should work (note I have echoed the actual commands; please check carefully that it is doing the right thing before removing them)

#!/bin/bash

shopt -s nullglob

for file in */fixed/path/*; do
  [[ -f "$file" ]] || continue
  f="${file##*/}"; d="${file%%/*}"
  echo mkdir -p "$f" && echo mv --no-clobber -- "$file" "$f/$d"
done


How to run x86-32 (IA-32) applications on Kubuntu x86-64 (AMD64)?

yes:

I think you can install the 32bit libraries, this may be enough.

Or for a custom job with lots of dependencies, there is debootstrap (puts a 32 or 64 bit image of minimal Debian, including apt-get (so you can add more), on to your hard disk, in its own subdirectory). multistrap does the same for other apt based distros e.g. ubuntu. Then you need something like schroot, to help launch the apps.


Help with creating bootable usb from iso

If the .iso is a "hybrid mode" image (like most Ubuntu and Debian images these days, have no idea about Arch), then you can just write it directly to the USB just as if it was a CD-ROM drive.  For instance, using dd.

dd if=imagefile.iso of=/dev/sdc oflag=direct bs=1048576

If the .iso is not a hybrid mode image, then you can use UNetBootin, available from Ubuntu's repositories, which is an easy way to burn an ISO (for a Linux distro) to a USB key, converting its filesystem to be compatible.  Note: UNetBootin is a GUI app.


Howto avoid journald entry for one program?

I found how to redirect stdout to null with option StandardOutput in service configuration file.

Like

# /etc/systemd/system/N151ZU-fan-controller.service
...
[Service]
...
StandardOutput=null
...

Source: https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#id-1.17


Firefox 57.0 font is weird compared to Google Chrome font in Ubuntu 14.04

Optional

If it exists, remove fonts.conf; fonts.conf is used by KDE applications, but Ubuntu uses gsettings instead. On Ubuntu, it is a good idea to remove this file, so it does not interfere with your font settings. In a terminal, execute the following.

rm ~/.config/fontconfig/fonts.conf

Select Hinting

Select one of the following options, depending on your font hinting preference.

Full Hinting (Try this first, since I suspect it is what you will like most)

If you want full hinting, execute the following in a terminal.

sudo rm /etc/fonts/conf.d/10-hinting-*.conf
sudo ln -sv /etc/fonts/conf.avail/10-hinting-full.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/

Medium Hinting

If you want medium hinting, execute the following in a terminal.

sudo rm /etc/fonts/conf.d/10-hinting-*.conf
sudo ln -sv /etc/fonts/conf.avail/10-hinting-medium.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/

Slight Hinting

To undo this change, or to use slight hinting (default), execute the following in a terminal.

sudo rm /etc/fonts/conf.d/10-hinting-*.conf
sudo ln -sv /etc/fonts/conf.avail/10-hinting-slight.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/

Check Results

Reboot, since the above changes are global to your system.  Launch Firefox and hopefully you will see sharper, clearer fonts.  Also, note that the address / search bar in Firefox may still display slightly fuzzy fonts, and I have not found a way to change this.  However, you should see a marked improvement in web pages.


Well, I don't think that you can install Usbvision on 13.04.  Here is why:

I wasn't able to download the version that you're trying to install, but I found usbvision-0.9.8.3, so after downloading, extracting, and trying to install, this is what I get:

abed@ubuntu:~/Downloads$ tar xvf usbvision-0.9.8.3.tar.gz
usbvision/
usbvision/FAQ
usbvision/readme.2.6.x kernels
usbvision/src/
usbvision/src/Makefile
usbvision/src/saa7113-new.c
usbvision/src/Do_not_copy_Makefile_to_kernel_tree
usbvision/src/saa7113.c
usbvision/src/usbvision_ioctl.h
usbvision/src/usbvision.c
usbvision/src/saa7111-new.c
usbvision/src/usbvision.h
usbvision/src/bt819-new.c
usbvision/src/i2c-algo-usb.h
usbvision/src/i2c-algo-usb.c
usbvision/xawtv-config-example
usbvision/readme.2.4.x kernels
usbvision/COPYING
abed@ubuntu:~/Downloads/usbvision/src$ make
Makefile:30: *** Aborting the build. *** Kernel version 3.8.0-19-generic is not supported.  Stop.

So I think for you to install Usbvision, you either have to downgrade your Kernel, or maybe try an older version of Ubuntu, but then it probably won't be supported.


How to switch to a generic kernel in a headless Ubuntu Server 12.04?

To change the default menu entry from a terminal:

Obtain the existing menuentry choice number (starting from 0) run the following from the terminal: grep menuentry /boot/grub/grub.cfg
Now open /etc/default/grub as root then update GRUB_DEFAULT to the corresponding menuentry number.
Run sudo update-grub
Reboot !


How can I set guest OS screen resolution in virtualbox?

Run your virtual machine and open Terminal to execute:

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-dkms virtualbox-guest-utils virtualbox-guest-x11

Restart your virtual machine: you will see the icons appearing in their natural dimensions (correct resolution)


Initramfs + Luks - only one password prompt

On this wiki page (in german, I sadly didn't find an equivalent in english) it is suggested that you use the script /lib/cryptsetup/scripts/decrypt_derived to generate a key from the opened root device. I will try to translate the important parts, but I have NOT tried the procedure.

To add the key, you would have to execute (as root)

mkdir /mnt/ram && mount -t ramfs -o size=1m ramfs /mnt/ram && chmod 600 /mnt/ram
/lib/cryptsetup/scripts/decrypt_derived <root_dev> > /mnt/ram/tmp.key && cryptsetup luksAddKey <usr_dev> /mnt/ram/tmp.key && rm /mnt/ram/tmp.key
umount /mnt/ram && rmdir /mnt/ram

where <root_name> is the name of your root device as displayed in /dev/mapper (probably sdc3_crypt), and <usr_dev> the device where /usr is on (probably /dev/md0).

The line for crypttab is

  <usr_name>         UUID=<UUID>          <root_name>           luks,keyscript=/lib/cryptsetup/scripts/decrypt_derived

remember to run

update-initramfs -u -k all

after changing crypttab.

You should keep a "normal" password for your usr device, otherwise you won't be able to open it in case your root device is damaged.


"E: Package ‘synaptic’ has no installation candidate" when trying to install synaptic

Synaptic is available in the so-called universe repository. If you cannot find that package, it means that you do not have universe enabled. To enable it, follow these steps:

GUI

Open Software Sources and select Community-maintained free and open-source software (universe)

After doing so, you will be asked to reload the software sources and you will be ready to install your package.

Terminal

Open the file /etc/apt/sources.list:

sensible-editor /etc/apt/sources.list

And add the following three lines:

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-security universe

Note: I'm assuming that you are using Quantal (12.10). If this is not the case, then use lsb_release -c to find the codename of your Ubuntu release and replace quantal with that codename.

Then run sudo apt-get update and install Synaptic.


How to work around HP printer cartridge expiry?

I went to Printing from the dashboardand and selecting the printer I was able to change its driver to HP > Business Inkjet 1100d > hpijs
That one works. The hpcups driver (the default) doesn't work with expired cartridges.


When I try to acess my websitefolder in Ubuntu Im getting a blank page

Install

sudo apt-get install apache2 mysql-client mysql-server php5 phpmyadmin libapache2-mod-php5

You will be asked to input a password by mysql. Make one up.

Configuration

Edit /etc/hosts

sudo nano /etc/hosts

Add

127.0.0.2     Yourwebsitename

Edit /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

sudo nano /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

then add the following:

<VirtualHost 127.0.0.2>
   DocumentRoot /var/www/YourWebsiteFolderName/
   ServerName Yourwebsitename
</VirtualHost>


How do I open programs on a separate X screen?

See the output of pgrep -fl X, it should be similar to

1284 /usr/bin/Xorg :0 -br -verbose -audit 0 -novtswitch -auth /var/run/gdm3/auth-for-Debian-gdm-aoiVzl/database -nolisten tcp vt7

You see :0 is my DISPLAY, you should have two lines, the second with :1, so try DISPLAY=:1 or DISPLAY=:1.0


Follow this step by step:

Press here to download the file: Second_Life_3_7_24_297623_i686.tar.bz2.
Save it to your home folder(/home/YOUR USERNAME).
Right click the downloaded file, select extract here.
Open up a terminal.(On your keyboard: CTRL-ALT-T-)
Typ in the terminal: cd Second_Life_3_7_24_297623_i686
Then in the same terminal: sudo ./install.sh,

typ in your password, press enter,
press enter again

Go to dash (Windows key on your keyboard, left top right button on your screen.)

Typ in secondlife, click on the second life icon, and voila:


Issues with Java's JDBC (MySQL) for linux - Crontab job causes connection failure in java program, but when run manually is fine

Cron will mail you the output of all jobs it runs, so make sure that on failure your program outputs enough information so that you can diagnose the problem.

When your your Java program fails, print at least the exception stack trace to the standard error stream and exit with a non-zero exit code:

try {
    // your code here
    // ...
} catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    System.exit(1);
}

Also, check that your mail delivery is set up correctly, so that you will receive the mails that cron sends you.


as the error speaks you should run the command sudo apt-get install -f and you are done it was just due to the broken packages and by typing this command your problem will be solved


Externel Keyboard issue in Ubuntu14.04 on Asus-X450LA

Actually this was not an software issue. It was hardware issue. I have changed my keyboard and everything is running fine.


Getting the ID of your mouse:

You can get it running xinput list:

⎡ Virtual core pointer                      id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ HID 046a:0023                             id=9    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Logitech G9x Laser Mouse                  id=10   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Logitech G9x Laser Mouse                  id=11   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                     id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ HID 046a:0023                             id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]

I have two mouse IDs (10 and 11), therefore I have to test the right ID.

Swapping the buttons:

You can swap the mouse buttons running this (where 10 is the ID):

xinput set-button-map 10 2 1 3

You can revert the change with:

xinput set-button-map 10 1 2 3

Swap the buttons automatically when X starts:

Run this command to edit the 91swapmousebuttons file:

sudo nano /etc/X11/Xsession.d/91swapmousebuttons

Add this line to it:

xinput set-button-map 10 2 1 3

Explaination of the parameters passed to xinput:

set-button-map changes the button map of a device.
10 is the device ID.
2 1 3 means:

2: It's on the 1st position, so the first button (LMB) is mapped to button 2 (MMB).
1:  It's on the 2nd position, so the second button (MMB) is mapped to button 1 (LMB).
1:  It's on the 3rd position, so the third button (RMB) is mapped to button 3 (LMB).

Note that LMB is Left Mouse Button, MMB is Mid Mouse Button and so on.

Quote from man xinput:

  Change  the  button mapping of device. The buttons are specified in
  physical order (starting with button 1) and are mapped to the logical
  button provided. 0 disables a button. The default button mapping for a
  device is 1 2 3 4 5 6 etc.


If all drivers and kernels are updated, then install indicator-cpufreq and reboot, and then put your CPU frequency at PERFORMANCE. Hope it helps.


Install driver on windows? same for ubuntu?

No, you will have to download a graphics driver separately for Ubuntu.
By default the open source graphics driver comes installed in the kernel.

If you are having problems with the default driver or need a proprietary one, get it from the System Settings > Additional Drivers window (for 12.04 and older) or Software Sources > Additional Drivers (12.10 and newer).

These links might help you

For ATI : https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/ATI

And Nvidia : https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/Nvidia


redshift has a feature that lets you apply brightness on OLED screens on top of a color temperature. It is done like this:
redshift -m randr:screen=$oled_screen -P -O $temperature -b $brightness

$brightness is a value between 0.1 and 1.0. It's the same value you would set to xrandr --brightness, but redshift prevents values lower than 0.1, while xrandr allows for lower values, even 0.0 (pitch black).
$temperature is the temperature of the night light filter, 6500 for default, unchanged daylight values, 3500 is a common night filter value.
OLED Linux takes full advantage of this, to bring smooth brightness changes and night light together on OLED displays. To use this in GNOME, disable GNOME's built in Night Light feature and setup OLED Linux to your liking.


htaccess question about Rewrite and Redirect

You can have a .htaccess file that looks like this :

Options +FollowSymLinks
IndexIgnore */*

# Turn on the RewriteEngine
RewriteEngine On

# When accessing root
DirectoryIndex subdir1/cgi-bin/home.php

# Rules
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule . subdir1/cgi-bin/home.php

Then you have to be sure that your Apache server authorizes the rewriting. To achieve this, edit the file /etc/apache2/apache2.conf. In this file, find the Directory you use and change "AllowOverride None" by "AllowOverride all". Here is an example :

<Directory /var/www/>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride all
        Require all granted
</Directory>

After that, activate the rewriting module of Apache by running :

sudo a2enmod rewrite

At the end, restart Apache :

sudo service apache2 restart


List Video Filename and Duration for multiple files in folder and subfolders with path too if possible

You are out of luck without using external programmes, file videoname.xyz does not return the duration of the videos. On the other hand, avprobe (ffprobe) from the package libav-tools does!

You would need to perform a recursive directory walk (e.g. in Python), call avprobe (via a subprocess), parse the duration from the output and store play length and filename in a suitable structure.


How can I set the date/time of a mail in Thunderbird

You can accomplish this goal by using the Header Tools Lite add-on for Thunderbird.

Select your message, then go to 'Message' -> 'HeaderToolsLite' -> 'Change header details'. There you can alter the 'Date' field.


I doubt there is a version currently available that can make Firefox drop down, as that would require a patch or rather large amount of work on the extension.

However, an alternative that so you can open Firefox quicker would be to use the MinimizedToTrayRevived extension. This means that instead of closing Firefox minimizes to tray instead.
In Gnome 3 this in the message tray - you have to click on this, as using the default launcher will launch a new instance of firefox:

You may have to some fiddling in the settings first:


Making .desktop files - Just a few questions

First I suggest you watch log for your file:

  Open Terminal
   auditctl -a exit,always -w /path/to/file and press Enter.
   sudo nano /var/log/audit/audit.log and press Enter to watch log.

Full Freedesktop.org reference: Desktop Entry Specification

Freedesktop example

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=Foo Viewer
Comment=The best viewer for Foo objects available!
TryExec=fooview
Exec=fooview %F
Icon=fooview
MimeType=image/x-foo;
Actions=Gallery;Create;

[Desktop Action Gallery]
Exec=fooview --gallery
Name=Browse Gallery

[Desktop Action Create]
Exec=fooview --create-new
Name=Create a new Foo!
Icon=fooview-new

  Quote: Icon to be shown togheter with the action. If the name is an absolute path, the given file will be used. If the name is not an absolute path, the algorithm described in the Icon Theme Specification will be used to locate the icon. Implementations may choose to ignore it.

    READ ABOUT

Good short tutorial by Joe Reimero: Anatomy of a .desktop File

Joe Reimero example

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Exec=$HOME/MyApplication
Name=My Application
Icon=$HOME/Icons/MyIcon.png

By Joe that I agree also the path to the Icon can be absolute OR relative and it depends on what standard you have chosen to construct your symbolic link. Traditionally it is PNG.

Great tutorial especial for you: Turn your Java apps Gnome-Shell friendly

[Desktop Entry]
Version=10.5.1
Name=IntelliJ IDEA Ultimate Edition
Comment=The Most Intelligent Java IDE
Categories=Applications;Development;
Encoding=UTF-8
Exec=env IDEA_CLASSPATH\=../lib/asm.jar /home/diego/bin/ideaIU-10.5/bin/idea.sh
GenericName=IntelliJ
Icon=/home/diego/bin/ideaIU-10.5/bin/idea128.png
MimeType=text/x-java
Terminal=false
Type=Application
URL=http://www.jetbrains.com/idea

Note for line:

Exec=env IDEA_CLASSPATH\=../lib/asm.jar /home/diego/bin/ideaIU-10.5/bin/idea.sh

where you see CLASSPATH variable next to exec.

Any chance that it also can help how it say OS Luna:

  .desktop files follow the freedesktop.org Desktop Entry Specification.
  They should be installed in /usr/share/applications. Users may create
  their own launchers by putting .desktop files in
  ~/.local/share/applications.

    READ


why are bash vs tcsh file timestamps different?

per steeldriveer's comment, both shells inherited different aliases for "ls".  Explicitly executing /bin/ls gives consistent results.   solved.
Thanks.


How to fix Fullscreen focus error in Unity?

Yes same case for me to play the old Age of Empires in wine in 800x600 or 1024x768 resolutions while my screen is natively in 1280x1024.
Solution : switch to the target resolution before launching the app so that it does not need to switch to the lower resolution itself:

xrandr -s 1024x768; wine etc.;xrandr -s 1280x1024


From man nmap

   CIDR notation is short but not always flexible enough. For example, you
   might want to scan 192.168.0.0/16 but skip any IPs ending with .0 or
   .255 because they may be used as subnet network and broadcast
   addresses. Nmap supports this through octet range addressing. Rather
   than specify a normal IP address, you can specify a comma-separated
   list of numbers or ranges for each octet. For example,
   192.168.0-255.1-254 will skip all addresses in the range that end in .0
   or .255, and 192.168.3-5,7.1 will scan the four addresses 192.168.3.1,
   192.168.4.1, 192.168.5.1, and 192.168.7.1. Either side of a range may
   be omitted; the default values are 0 on the left and 255 on the right.
   Using - by itself is the same as 0-255, but remember to use 0- in the
   first octet so the target specification doesn't look like a
   command-line option. Ranges need not be limited to the final octets:
   the specifier 0-255.0-255.13.37 will perform an Internet-wide scan for
   all IP addresses ending in 13.37. This sort of broad sampling can be
   useful for Internet surveys and research.

So you will need to figure out what your starting and ending range is.  From what I can see it looks like you are doing 10.10.10.10 thru 10.10.15.254 (your ending IP of 10.10.15.254.254 is an invalid address), but that covers 6 entire subnets and each subnet starts with a .1 and ends with a .254 IP, so you probably don't want to start each subnet at .10 as you will skip the first 9 IPs of each subnet.  So, do it this way:  (I have added a -(s)can command and search for hosts that (n)o-port-scan (formerly -sP) which will scan 1,524 IP addresses)

nmap -sn 10.10.10-15.1-254

But from what you wrote, that is what I think you want.

Hope that helps!


How can I use line in jack for second pair of speakers?

You cannot get speakers to work by plugging them into your line in jack, no.

A headphones/speakers jack, or a line out jack, will work. Like a microphone jack, a line in jack is for capturing audio--you would plug a device in that sends a sound signal to your computer, not the other way around.

If you've done something like this with your computer before (in Windows, you said), then either:

It's not really your line in jack, or
your line in jack doubles as an output jack for some of the speakers in your surround sound system. (Then it still cannot send output to speakers when used as a line in, but it has other uses also.)

If it worked in Windows, it should work in Ubuntu, but you would have to provide much more information about your computer for us to know. In particular, we'd need to know exactly what motherboard you have and what sound chipset it uses. A detailed description of all the audio jacks (including their colors and and symbols) would be especially helpful, and a picture might be a good idea.


For the moment there is not really any solutions available since it is a know problem with the new version of Gnome.

What I experienced that makes the experience better is to install any video drivers that you might need. But if you have like in your case a integrated graphics card with intel there is not much you can do about that.

There is also some solutions that might help depending on your computer. Since the Gnome Session in Ubuntu 17.10 uses Wayland, like in my case I experiences some issues about that.

Something that you can do is to switch your Gnome Session from Wayland to XOrg by going in the login screen and Gnome XOrg in the gear menu. Here is the original answer.

You can also edit GDM to use XOrg instead of Wayland by uncommenting this line

WaylandEnable=false

in the configuration file

/etc/gdm3/custom.conf

The original comment is available here.

An other solution is to downgrade Ubuntu to 17.04 so in that case you will not have any issue. You can also try to install an older version of Gnome.

That is all that I tried or found to help. I currently have the same issue on my laptop and even on my desktop with the Nvidia drivers installed.


missfont, something wrong with font when I log in

It looks like some fonts are missing. Try to install the cmti10 and the cmr10 fonts:

sudo apt-get install jsmath-fonts


Make annoying executable invisible to bash tab completion (cd-it8 etc)

From Bash Variables,

EXECIGNORE
A colon-separated list of shell patterns (see Pattern Matching) defining the list of filenames to be ignored by command search using PATH.  Files whose full  pathnames  match  one of these patterns are not considered executable files for the purposes of completion and command execution via PATH lookup.

So add this to ~/.bashrc:
EXECIGNORE="*/cd-*:"

I do not have those cd-* commands, but here is another example:
$ EXECIGNORE=
$ ex<TAB>
ex                          exit                        exo-open                    expiry
exec                        exo-csource                 exo-preferred-applications  export
exifautotran                exo-desktop-item-edit       expand                      expr
$ xfc<TAB>
xfce4-terminal          xfce4-terminal.wrapper  xfconf-query
$ EXECIGNORE="*/ex?*:*/xfconf-query:"
$ ex<TAB>
ex      exec    exit    export
$ xfc<TAB>
$ xfce4-terminal

It illustrates an important point: Shell builtins are not excluded (exec, exit and export are still suggested in the completion), since they are not searched using PATH.


Apache Hadoop 2.4 installation failure on Ubuntu 14.04

Don't worry, it is just a warning. It wont affect your hadoop functionalities.
But if you want that to be solved, you have to comple libraries using 32-bit compiler.


Edit boot menu from Ubuntu on a laptop with Win 8

The last I heard (which was a while ago), EasyBCD was pretty useless on EFI-based computers. Unless you can find EFI-specific instructions, I'd stop messing with it, since you aren't likely to get very far and could actually make matters worse.

Instead, I recommend you check out EasyUEFI, which provides a point-and-click interface to the EFI boot manager. You should be able to use this to set the ubuntu entry first, which will in turn launch GRUB, which should enable you to boot either Windows or Ubuntu. (If GRUB has no Windows entry, then that's another problem.)

In some cases, computers "forget" or ignore their EFI boot entries. The fact that you're having the problem that you're reporting suggests that this may be the case for you. If so, the best solution is to return the computer for a refund and get another one, since computers with this problem are defective. There are ugly workarounds, but until people start telling manufacturers that they won't accept defective merchandise, manufacturers will continue to deliver it. You'll need to try a few things (like EasyUEFI) before you can be certain you're in this boat, though.


How to know the number of argument passed to a shell script minus one?

You can use arithmetic expansion syntax to perform calculations with variables, and get the number of arguments for your script or current function from $#:

count_minus_one=$(( $# - 1 ))

echo "$count_minus_one"

It might be preferable to assign the number of all arguments to a custom variable first, which is especially needed if you want the length of an arbitrary array instead of the script/function argument count, because you can't do proper variable expansion in arithmetic expansions. That would look like:

all_count=$#
count_minus_one=$(( all_count - 1 ))

echo "$count_minus_one"


Lets check your filesystem first...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
open a terminal window
type sudo fdisk -l
identify the /dev/XXXX device name for your "Linux Filesystem"
type sudo fsck -f /dev/XXXX # replacing XXXX with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

Update #1:

The user had a Windows driver that allowed ext2 access to the Linux/Ubuntu file system. Guaranteed to corrupt them. Uninstalled it. fsck now runs clean.


Possible to backup contents of boot partition, format it and copy contents back to it?

You reported the following error message:

  Your EFI partition is not in NTFS format. Try formatting the EFI partition to FAT32

This is confusing, since it seems to imply that the Windows installer wants the partition be both NTFS and FAT32 -- an impossibility. In fact, the EFI System Partition (ESP) must be FAT, and Windows wants it to be FAT32. (The EFI spec mentions FAT32 explicitly but also mentions other FAT bit depths elsewhere, so the spec could be clearer.) I suspect the reference to NTFS is either a typo on your part or a bug in the Windows installer, and will proceed under that assumption....

  I am sure my EFI partition is in FAT format, but perhaps it is in FAT16 (I originally used the Ubuntu Live CD installer to install Ubuntu on this machine and it created the EFI boot partition so I am not sure what is chosen as standard).

Ubuntu's installer will use FAT for the ESP, but which bit depth depends on the partition's size -- or at least, that was the case a few versions ago. You can check the current FAT type by using parted or GParted, as in:

$ sudo parted /dev/sda print
Model: ATA Samsung SSD 850 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 250GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name                 Flags
 1      524kB   1573kB  1049kB               BIOS boot partition  bios_grub
 2      1573kB  580MB   579MB   fat32        EFI System           boot
 3      580MB   1106MB  525MB   ext4         Xubuntu /boot
 4      1106MB  1631MB  525MB   ext4         Ubuntu /boot         legacy_boot
 5      1631MB  250GB   248GB                Linux LVM            lvm

As you can see, this disk's ESP (/dev/sda2) is FAT32.

If you find that your ESP is FAT16, then yes, you can back it up, create a fresh FAT32 filesystem on it, and restore it -- at least, assuming it's big enough to hold a FAT32 filesystem (IIRC, the minimum size for a FAT32 filesystem is 32MiB). Note that you'll almost certainly need to update your /etc/fstab entry for the new serial number (incorrectly called a "UUID" by most Linux utilities and configuration files, including /etc/fstab). Alternatively, you can check the current serial number (as retrieved from /etc/fstab or detected by blkid) and then pass that as a value to the -i option to mkdosfs to re-use the old number.


Is it possible to list only the filename and size for each file in a directory using only options found in the ls utility?

How to parse output from ls -l verbose listing with a while loop:
I looked at this question and thought OK this is something you can do fairly easily with find:

$ find -maxdepth 1 -type f -printf '%s %f\n'

Or

#!/bin/bash
for i in *; do
    stat --format '%s %N' "$i"
done

(%N will honor QUOTING_STYLE environment variable; default is 'shell-escape').

Only way to get size from ls is through verbose listing. By using read to read ls output; leading and trailing spaces will be removed from the word before assigned to a variable, the first word is assigned to the first variable and so on, when all variables are assigned, the remaining words will be added to the last variable, that way we can  preserve spaces on the filename.

#!/bin/bash
while read -r p c u g s e n; do
    [[ $p = total ]] && continue || { echo -n "$s "; eval "ls -d $n"; }
done < <(ls -Lpl --time-style=+%s --quoting-style=shell-escape)

(using echo -n "$s "; eval "ls -d $n" is a bit excessive, but it shows how to use 'shell-escape' with other commands. If you just want to show the output for size and name, use  echo "$s $n" instead)

read variables:

-rwxr-xr-x 1 bac0n bac0n 209 1572207800 script.sh
     ^     ^   ^     ^    ^      ^         ^
     p     c   u     g    s      e         n

ls options:

-L when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link references rather than for the link itself.
-p append / indicator to directories.
-l use a long listing format.
--time-style time/date format with -l; its a good practice to set this to epoch in scripts.
--quoting-style quoting non-printable characters using the POSIX proposed ‘$''’ syntax.

test directory:

$ ls
a  'b'$'\r''c'   'd'$'\n''e'  "f'g"   h,i  'j k'  'l  m'  'n  '  '  o'


Network card rtl8723e not accepted anymore in ubuntu

I#ve had similar problems.
I usually rebuilt the drivers from the Realtek file "rtl_92ce_92se_92de_8723ae_linux_mac80211_0006.0514.2012" when updating to a new kernel manually, using the commands:

sudo su
make clean
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe rtl8723e

With Kernel 3.2.0-38 this didn't work anymore. I got error:

  Error inserting rtl8723e (/lib/modules/3.2.0-38-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rtlwifi/rtl8723e/rtl8723e.ko): Invalid argument

In my case, uninstalling the "linux-backports-modules" (linux-backports-modules-cw-3.6-precise-generic) solved the poblem! :-)

Hope 4 you too!?

Greez from Germany,

Helmut


Using tar to only backup specific folders

Nevermind, I was overlooking the obvious by simply doing this:

tar -cvpzf backup.tar.gz /var/www /home/myuser/importantFiles /home/myuser/anotherFolder


Trying to reinstall libc6-dev: Subprocess was killed by signal

If you are sure that this is really want to do (see comment above), you can do

sudo apt-get -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-overwrite" install libc6-dev-amd64 libc6-dev-i386

This passes the --force-overwrite flag to dpkg which allows one package to overwrite another one's file.   Of course, if you have the deb files, you can using the underlying dpkg command directly as:

sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite libc6-dev-amd64 libc6-dev-dev-i386


How can I install osd-lyrics on Kubuntu?

From the README file:

  OSD Lyrics is available for Ubuntu in our PPA and for ArchLinux
  through community repo and through AUR.

Add the PPA  ppa:osd-lyrics/ppa from osd-lyrics' Launchpad PPA to your Software Sources via apt

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:osd-lyrics/ppa
sudo apt-get update

then proceed with the installation by

sudo apt-get install osdlyrics

It is recommended you take a read at What are PPAs and how do I use them?


13.10 network Epson printer stuck on "Installing"

I opened a terminal and launched system-config-printer, the old configuration interface. I followed the steps until I was presented with 3 driver options for the printer.

system-config-printer dumps data about these drivers to the terminal, in particular the URL for the deb file served by Epson. I manually downloaded and installed the driver.

With the driver pre-installed, the normal configuration process worked perfectly.


How to see files and folders inside of ubuntu from windows 10

You can install DiskInternals Linux Reader which supports many Linux partition.

Ext2/3/4
ReiserFS
Reiser4 HFS
HFS+ FAT
exFAT NTFS
ReFS
UFS2

You can See and recover files from Linux Partition.

You can recover your file from there.
See this link to download: https://www.diskinternals.com/linux-reader/


Ubuntu 17.04 taking too much time to boot

Try booting in recovery mode and choose fix fchk when text menu appears with first option "resume". After fixing file system hit "resume" and restart at login...


How to increase the size of lxpanel in Lubuntu?

Right-click the panel and click "Panel Settings" and adjust the "Geometry" settings to fit your needs.


What you are after is available as an extension at https://extensions.gnome.org

Called the Alternative Status Menu - this gives you the switch-user capability.

However - if you really want a keyboard shortcut then search for keyboard and add a new short cut with either gdmflexiserver in 11.10 or dm-tool switch-to-greeter as the command together with the keyboard shortcut itself:

This is described further in this Q&A:
 - How can I invoke a user switch from the command line?


It's the package libpcap0.8-dev that you're missing, which includes the appropriate symlink from libpcap.so to libpcap.so.0.8. According to this answer it's a Debian convention that the unversioned symlinks are part of the -dev-packages.


Firefox will not open (Ubuntu 14.04 in VMware Player)

Looks like a permissions problem: try to change the permissions of the folder by typing:

sudo  chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /home/ubuntu
sudo  chmod -R 664 /home/ubuntu/.gnome2/accels/

You should now be able to open firefox.


Can I run Rails and PHP servers from same machine?

You're misunderstanding how rails and php work.

When you run rails server in the rails project, it runs it on port 3000 by default (for development).

LAMP traditionally runs on port 80, so you can run both rails and LAMP at the same time.

For instructions on properly install rails on Ubuntu, take a look at this answer.


Is there any way to expand the root partition into unallocated space?

That depends on what you want your system to do.
Many would be happy with your setup, and would use the unallocated space as a /data partition for example. This would have the advantage that it is completely independent from the operating system.
If you want to store all your data in /home, then you might run into problems. Some data intensive programs store a lot in /tmp, and this might need more space than the ~170 GB you had for your entire system.
If you want to create a partition /data, you can do that in gparted and then mount it using the file
/etc/fstab

You can attribute unallocated space to enlarge your root but I wouldn't recommend it, as it is complex and hacky. If you need to do this, I would reinstall.


How can I install MonoDevelop v4 on 12.04?

Installing Mono develop 4 on 12.04 precise
Option 1: Compile Git version from source
First uninstall your current version of mono develop with the software centre then from the terminal run following commands:
sudo apt-get install build-essential automake checkinstall intltool git
sudo apt-get install mono-complete mono-addins-utils gtk-sharp2 gnome-sharp2
git clone git://github.com/mono/monodevelop
cd monodevelop
git checkout monodevelop-4.0
git submodule update --init --recursive
./configure
make
sudo checkinstall

Option 2: Installing from PPA
Un-install current version first
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:keks9n/monodevelop-latest
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install monodevelop-latest

From terminal run:
monodevelop


Unable to access my encrypted internal hard drive with Win 7 on it

It looks like Ubuntu 12.04 doesn't out of the box support this kind of Encryption.  You can install some software from Symantec that should be able to mount the drive altough I cannot confirm this there is a article regarding this below.  It looks like you need to be able to login and download the software.

http://www.symantec.com/business/support/index?page=content&id=TECH198150


Error after successfully (?) restarting gnome shell

From the comments...

we deleted the old _usr_bin_gnome-shell.1000.* files in /var/crash to eliminate bogus crash reporting
we uninstalled the window-list GNOME extension at https://extensions.gnome.org/local/,  as it was errored out and caused problems
we changed to the standard adwaita theme and icons to fix a terminal-related problem
we're testing GNOME extensions one-at-a-time to see if we can eliminate other problem areas


Do you have another computer you can access? (I'm guessing you do, because you said your computer didn't connect to WiFi.) Also, do you have any important files on your computer?

If yes to the first question, and no to the second, I would recommend installing Ubuntu onto a CD/DVD or USB stick, then completely overwrite the current OS.

For a tutorial on how to install Ubuntu onto a CD, please Click Here.

For a tutorial on how to install Ubuntu ontp a USB stick, Click Here


Ubuntu on Jetson TK1 fails to boot with external drive

Drive was FAT32 formatted, /etc/fstab was trying to mount as EXT4.

Why this caused a networking issue is beyond me, but it did and is now solved.


This action can be done by using gsettings command which not required sudo password. Open terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run following command:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme "your_theme"

Tested on guest session, worked.


Not enough space on local standard disk in VMWare Player for Linux

If you don't change the disc space to 0.1 from 20GB, it should work. I had the same error but this resolved it.


Possible solution is to make a virtual camera that shows part of the image of the real camera.

Kernel module

Install:

sudo apt-get install v4l2loopback-dkms

To activate virtual camera device, insert the module into kernel:

sudo modprobe v4l2loopback

To deactivate:

sudo modprobe -r v4l2loopback

When module is active, it creates one more /dev/video device (for me it was /dev/video1).

To insert the module on boot, add a config file with the module name to /etc/modules-load.d/.

Transformation

Assuming that the main camera is on /dev/video0 and 200 pixels should be chopped from each side of the image:

gst-launch v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! videocrop top=200 left=200 right=200 bottom=200 ! v4l2sink

To see the result from the virtual camera:

gst-launch v4l2src device=/dev/video1 ! xvimagesink

And it is usable as an ordinary v4l2 camera device in qTox, for example.

Tested on C270.


Changing application icon in window buttons XFCE panel item

I think the only way is to change the "icon set", in XFCE it's under the

"Settings Manager" -> Appearance -> Icons

(I'm not sure how to create a new custom icon set though, that's probably answered in another question or website somewhere)

Or maybe I missed the icons that you want changed... the minimize - maximize - close buttons?

They can be chanced with other themes in the

"Settings Manager" -> "Window Manager" -> Style

Settings page (and you can re-arrange & pick the visible buttons too).


This command will list all the PPA repositories you have configured

grep ppa /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*

Alternatively, you can check the repository of a given package

apt-cache policy [package-name]


One of the following directories does not exist:

/hadoop-data/hadoopmaster/hdfs/
/hadoop-data/hadoopmaster/
/hadoop-data/

To ensure that all of the required directories are created, add the -p option, to make parent directories as needed:

sudo mkdir -p /hadoop-data/hadoopmaster/hdfs/namenode


How can I get back to a login screen after a freeze?

If it locks up completely, you can REISUB it, which is a safer alternative to just cold rebooting the computer.

REISUB by:

While holding Alt and the SysReq(Print Screen) keys, type R E I S U B.

R:  Switch to XLATE mode
E:  Send Terminate signal to all processes except for init
I:  Send Kill signal to all processes except for init
S:  Sync all mounted filesystems
U:  Remount filesystems as read-only
B:  Reboot

REISUB is BUSIER backwards, as in "The System is busier than it should be", if you need to remember it. Or mnemonically - R)eboot, E)ven, I)f, S)ystem, U)tterly, B)roken.


Ubuntu 16.04 Network Indicator shows wrong status

Try doing an ifconfig and if you have anything like virbr0 among the network connections, that's the reason for the LAN icon.
That's a virtual network bride. If you're sure you don't need it, you can stop it or delete it permanently with the following commands:

sudo brctl delbr virbr0
sudo service network-manager restart


NX3031 Multifunction 1/10-Gigabit Server Adapter not detected in ubuntu 16.04

I updated the firmware of my network adapter, after that everything works fine.


Ubuntu freezes when connecting to Wifi hotspot

I tried to install different drivers without success.

Moving from ubuntu 14.04 to 15.10 and installing latest drivers (from here) solved the issue.

FYI moving to 15.10 may trigger some issues (it was not the case for me)


I found the solution and added the repository link:

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main

I edited the /etc/apt/sources.list file and removed the cdrom upgrade source using:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Now I can update and install more packages.


You have the same problem as I and others.

It seems that the problem is the ultra dock and the hardware. A short answer is that Lenovo uses MST (Multi stream) DP on the dock.

If you look at my thread at Linuxquestions you will get some more info.

http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-laptop-and-netbook-25/dual-monitor-not-cloned-please-4175499316/

/Krister


What do I have to do before giving away my Ubuntu machine?

You normally have all your private data in /home, especially browser cache and so on.
You might have private internet-settings in /etc/Network-Manager. Visit /etc, and look into the directories. Reconfigure your things, delete private data (WLAN key), see if everything is vanished. If not, remove by hand. mc (midnight commander) is a useful tool to iterate through directories, to view and delete files. (shred, see bottom).
Another directory with private Data might be /var/spool or /var/cache. For example the cups-printer-spooler produces summaries of printjobs, and document name, date of job can be reconstructed. Maybe you wish to clean them too.
Those files in /tmp get automatically deleted on every startup. So if you didn't reorganized things, which only you may know,

create a fresh new account without password for the new user, (who is prompted for a password on the first login) and give this user the right to become superuser. Issue a groups command at your own profile, to copy useful privileges like lpadmin, plugdev, scanner, ... before deletion.
login with the recover-option to get root access, and

cd /home/roflcoptr
find . -delete # or, instead of -delete, you might consider shred:
find . -execdir shred -n 1 {} +
control with ls
delete your normal account (see: /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow) (suggested from the comments, thanks @intuited, give him a star)

If you consider cleaning empty space (@intuiteds second advice, maybe we should donate a star?), It would be more easy to use a live-cd to shred the whole system (which can continue unattended) and then install a new one (needs about 25 minutes with few interactions, mostly in the beginning). This could be in general the faster solution.
More than one shred iteration is nonsense.


DHCP MAC reservations + DHCP in the same time

Edit

sudo nano /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf

Try with this configuration example

subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  option domain-name "domain.net";
  option broadcast-address 192.168.100.255;
  option routers 192.168.100.1;
  option domain-name-servers 192.168.100.1, 8.8.8.8;

  # Define the scopes for this DHCP pool

  pool {
   range 192.168.100.2 192.168.100.200;
   # static reserve = 192.168.100.201 - 192.168.100.254
  }
  host static-custid {
   hardware ethernet 00:01:02:03:04:05;
   fixed-address 192.168.100.205;
  }
  host static-custid {
   hardware ethernet 00:01:02:03:04:06;
   fixed address 192.168.100.206;
  }
}

Note: You dhcp pool is from 192.168.100.2 192.168.100.200, your netmask is 255.255.255.0 your router is on address 192.168.100.1. DHCP server will always assign Host with mac address 00:01:02:03:04:05 ip 192.168.100.205, with mac 00:01:02:03:04:06 ip 192.168.100.206. But if come host with mac 00:01:02:03:04:08 server will assign next free ip address from pool.

P.S. After change of config, restart dhcp server.


Open a terminal and type: sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jre-phoenix/ppa

Followed by: sudo apt-get update

and sudo apt-get install pgld pglcmd pglgui

Source: http://sourceforge.net/p/peerguardian/wiki/pgl-Install-DebianUbuntu/


Ubuntu 11.10 32-bit: Not detecting all my RAM

Yeah, just sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get install linux-generic-pae.
This should solve it (after succesfull install & reboot).


Settings --> Display and Monitor --> Display Configuration


Check out this article on OMGUbuntu. This solution may be useful for the moment.

http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2011/05/unity-panel-button-replacements-for-elementary-and-orta/


Retrieve the information with,

curl -H 'Snap-Device-Series: 16' http://api.snapcraft.io/v2/snaps/info/anbox # | jq
# "anbox" is the name of the snap package. change it to what you want.

which could contain multiple entries for channels and architectures. One among them would be,

"download": {
        "deltas": [],
        "sha3-384": "b105626b35dbba5eb990125adf557c5a38bf1a793256f35ca89f3d33d81caa608084606f2d39569475f8d880088f79d2",
        "size": 391696384,
        "url": "https://api.snapcraft.io/api/v1/snaps/download/Nr9K6UJaIOD8wHpDEQl16nabFFt9LLEQ_185.snap"
      },

and you got it.

See also snap store api documentation (https://api.snapcraft.io/docs/info.html).


use "nohup &" always get [1]+ Exit 1 after ENTER

You need to separate the commands using ; (second command would be independent of the first) or && (second would be run only if the first one succeeds).

Then, you need to use the shell with command grouping or use a subshell to make the commands as one (only shell) to nohup and run the commands inside the shell process:

nohup bash -c '{ command_1 && command_2 ;}' &

Or

nohup bash -c '( command_1 && command_2 )' &


Delete key assigned to a keyboard shortcut and now doesn't work

Remove an unwanted keyboard shortcut
Open the dialogue in System -> Preferences -> Keyboard Shortcuts and select the entry you need to delete:

Once the entry is selected you can either enter a new shortcut, or in case you want to disable a shortcut for this action press Backspace (not Delete as this is a key that could be assigned as shortcut as well). You can close the window then.
Please reboot your system for disabling a shortcut to take effect


I have installed Oracl virtualbox in ubuntu 16.04, I want to use windows 10 in virtualbox, I have tried much, but not done, please help?

The key part of the error message is this section:

  The VirtualBox Linux kernel driver (vboxdrv) is either not loaded or there is a permission problem with /dev/vboxdrv. Please install virtualbox-dkms package and load the kernel module by executing 'modprobe vboxdrv' as root.

You don't have the VirtualBox driver installed. So, run these commands:

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-dkms
sudo modprobe vboxrv


Is the ZFS 100% sure will be in Ubuntu 16.04LTS?

It is there in my system:

$ locate zfs
/boot/grub/x86_64-efi/zfs.mod
/boot/grub/x86_64-efi/zfscrypt.mod
/boot/grub/x86_64-efi/zfsinfo.mod
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/avl
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/nvpair
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/spl
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/splat
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/unicode
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/zcommon
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/zfs
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/zpios
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/avl/zavl.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/nvpair/znvpair.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/spl/spl.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/splat/splat.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/unicode/zunicode.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/zcommon/zcommon.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/zfs/zfs.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-10-generic/kernel/zfs/zpios/zpios.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/avl
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/nvpair
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/spl
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/splat
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/unicode
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/zcommon
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/zfs
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/zpios
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/avl/zavl.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/nvpair/znvpair.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/spl/spl.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/splat/splat.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/unicode/zunicode.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/zcommon/zcommon.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/zfs/zfs.ko
/lib/modules/4.4.0-13-generic/kernel/zfs/zpios/zpios.ko
/usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/zfs.mod
...

It is a filesystem for containers (LXC, LinuX Containers) so not for the operating system itself. "ext4" will be the filesystem for Ubuntu at least for the next few years.

I can not pick it in gParted (well at least not yet):


Trying to single install on MacBook Pro but won't automatically boot from new OS?

There is a better way of single installation of Ubuntu on Macs without rEFInd using Mac's bootloader.

Create a live USB containing Ubuntu. Do not use the +mac version since it does not support EFI boot.

Boot from the Live USB. The trick to booting from USB on Macs is to hold down the option key as soon as you power on the device. Select EFI Boot from this menu.

Ubuntu should now boot up from the USB. Install Ubuntu using the Erase and use Entire Disk option.

Firstly, when you reboot/power on your Mac, you will see the grey screen of the Mac bootloader for about 30s, and then a gently flashing folder with a ? inside. If you insert the installer USB now, it should boot. If not, try holding the power button to force the power off, and then follow the USB booting instructions to bring it up.

If you’re using the desktop installer, hold the shift key to bring up the GRUB bootloader menu.

Don’t select any of the entries. Instead, press C to bring up the GRUB console.

At the grub console, type ls

  grub> ls

  (memdisk) (hd0) (hd0,msdos) (hd1) (hd2) (hd2,gpt3) (hd2,gpt2)
  (hd2,gpt1)

You may not get exactly the same results as this, but you’ll have some similar options.

Now, find the partition which contains your user's home directory.

  grub> ls (hd2,gpt2)/home

  rohith/

Keep trying until you find it.

The result from the last step has two parts: (hdX,gptY). You need to keep the hdX part, but go through all the gptY options looking for a /boot/grub directory.

  grub> ls (hd2,gpt2)/boot/grub

  unicode.pf2 [...] grub.cfg

Now you want to set this as your root for further commands.

  grub> set root=(hd2,gpt2)

The only way to boot properly was to use the UUID of the drive. To get it -

  grub> ls -l (hd2,gpt2)

Note down the UUID. You'll have to type it manually in the next step.

  grub> linux /boot/vmlinuz〈...tab here!...〉.efi.signed root=UUID=〈the
  UUID from above〉

The GRUB console can do tab completion, so if you just type out the vmlinuz part and hit tab, then hit . and tab again, you won't have to type the whole file name. make sure that the efi.signed part is present.

Now, set the initial RAM disk

  grub> initrd /boot/initrd〈...tab here!...〉

You should be able to boot with the command

  grub> boot

The system was initially unbootable because the Mac bootloader expects the EFI partition to be formatted as HFS+, the typical Mac filesystem, while the Ubuntu installer actually formats it as VFAT.

Now, open a terminal and type

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:detly/mactel-utils

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install mactel-boot hfsprogs gdisk grub-efi-amd64

Run mount to get a list of mounted filesystems, and look for anything mounted at /boot/efi. Unmount it.

sudo umount /dev/sda1

We now use gdisk to delete the VFAT partition and create an HFS+ one,

sudo gdisk /dev/sda

Press p

Confirm that the first partition has type EF00. Now we delete that EF00 partition.

Press d

Create a new HFS+ one in its place.

Press n

Press enter key for the first and last sector options.

Enter AF00 for the filesystem code.

Use the p command to double-check your changes, and then w to write.

Now we have an unformatted HFS+ partition. We can format it with -

sudo mkfs.hfsplus /dev/sda1 -v ubuntu

Edit /etc/fstab

sudoedit /etc/fstab

Delete the lines that refer to /boot/efi using Ctrl+K.

Now, type the following commands -

sudo bash -c 'echo $(blkid -o export -s UUID /dev/sda1) /boot/efi auto defaults 0 0 >> /etc/fstab'

sudo bash -c 'echo "This file is required for booting" > /boot/efi/mach_kernel'

Install GRUB and 'bless' the filesystem.

sudo grub-install --target x86_64-efi --boot-directory=/boot --efi-directory=/boot/efi

sudo hfs-bless "/boot/efi/System/Library/CoreServices/boot.efi"

To set the default efi boot entry, run

sudo efibootmgr

Get rid of the extra entries -

sudo efibootmgr -b xxxx -B

where xxxx is the boot number obtained from sudo efibootmgr

Now, set the default entry -

sudo efibootmgr -o xxxx

Lastly, install the linux-signed-generic meta package -

sudo apt-get install linux-signed-generic

This will make sure that any kernel updates also include the cryptographically signed kernel image required by EFI. Without this, your machine may freeze during boot. If that happens, refer to the instructions above for manually booting via grub.

The system should now be bootable!

(Adapted with modifications from Jason Heeris' post)


Samsung series 9, touchpad does not work after suspend, Ubuntu 14.10

Upgrade to 3.18 kernel, you can get it here for ubuntu 14.10.


It sounds like you might be waiting for the application switcher to appear on screen before pressing Tab again. You don't have to do this; pressing Alt+Tab, Tab before the application switcher appears will still bring the third window into focus.

If you'd like to reduce the 0.2-second delay before the application switcher is displayed, see How do I adjust the alt-tab speed?.


To list files installed by a package execute:

dpkg -L package

Also if the binary is at the search PATH you should be able to locate it with:

which binary_name


Data for guest accounts are stored in the temporary folder, so they are lost on reboot.

If you are happy to have a password for the account, may I suggest you create a brand new account? Customise that account as you need.

To hide an application is a bit more tricky. Obviously, you can remove it from the guest account's menu, but a determined person could find it anyway. You can use sudoers to prevent that account from running the application, but -- again -- a determined person may well find it anyway.


Terraria running in wine fails on startup

Always consult WineHQ before installing Windows applications with Wine: a user reported a functioning Wine + Terraria combination here (WineHQ report page).
For security reasons, I'll provide some correct/official links.
Steps:

Install Wine 1.6 and PlayOnLinux;
Run PlayOnLinux to install .NET 4.0 (official Microsoft© page), DirectX 9 (official Microsoft© page) and Steam;
Run Steam to download and play Terraria 1.1.2
If Terraria fails to start another time, restart Ubuntu and copy the missing dlls (those in the error messages at the application startup) in the Terraria executable folder.

Always check the .NET Framework installation, because it must be correct (not failed) to have all the dll (like mscoree.dll) in the right places.
This might be a functioning workaround, only remember that you should always have updated and safe software installed, if possible.


Unable to proxy accountings via freeradius

I have resolved the issue by ,simply, replacing auth_pool = freeradius_loadbalance to acct_pool = freeradius_loadbalance in the proxy.conf .

Thanks :)


Okay. I just figured this out.

I created a config for livestreamer and was able to store my values needed, even username and password.

Now i can just call what i need with "livestreamer URL_HERE", and it works as intended. No need for a bash script at all!


How can I uninstall a graphics package in recover mode?

On the recovery mode menu, there should be an option to load network drivers:

Select that option, and confirm the request to remount the root filesystem in read-write mode. After some status text flashed by, you should arrive at the menu again, but with network drivers loaded. From there, select the option root to "drop to [a] root shell prompt."

You can then use sudo apt-get remove to remove the packages in question.

Also refer to fabricator4's answer to get info on what packages should be removed.


Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS move buttons for minimize maximize and close to the left

Install gnome tweaks with command sudo apt install gnome-tweaks and in windows title-bar you will find placement option for the buttons, under title-bar buttons choose right or left for moving the buttons right or left on title-bar.
Hope this will answer your query.


Open a Terminal (with Ctrl+Alt+t) and type the following command to hide icons and disable right-click on the desktop:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons false

To restore the default settings:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons true

Tested on 12.04, 14.04 and 14.10.


Using /var/log to backup some folders / database contents

There is no such thing as a Linux/Unix police force, arresting people for doing sysmtems management in an unwise manner. Sometimes that is a pitty, it would save a lot of work.

So the answer to your question is: Yes you can, but you shouldn't. Nobody will be looking for backup files in /var/log and therefore the backups are a waste of time/effort.

Create a directory like /var/mysql_backups and change the backup script to include this directory.

Do a daily check if backups succeeded.

Don't forget to do a recovery test once the backup has been running for a few days and repeat it every (half) year.


Are daily builds of Ubuntu stable enough for general desktop usage?

First, remember that a development build of Ubuntu is exactly that - a development build. So things will break.

With that being said, your mileage may vary.

Second, if you run update-manager (or sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade) fairly frequently (Read: Daily), on release day in theory you will be on the same Ubuntu as everyone else - although I don't recommend using a Ubuntu+1 install for daily usage, even after release day.

It's better to just start fresh, or to upgrade your previous Ubuntu stable installation, if you're into that kind of thing.

Lastly (and I can't stress this enough) if you're not a developer, you really shouldn't be running the development version.


How do I lock the desktop screen via command line on Ubuntu 14.04?

The command gnome-screensaver-command -l will lock Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.


Your grub.cfg should be this:

cat /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/grub.cfg
search.fs_uuid 94ce33db-7654-4e3e-a9be-a3063bb155cf root hd0,gpt4
set prefix=($root)'/boot/grub'
configfile $prefix/grub.cfg

You get UUID from this(I got it from the Boot-Repair report).

sudo blkid -c /dev/null -o list

And you want to change first line to UUID of sda4 & gpt4 to gpt6, copy & paste UUID from above command. Orcopy this line & paste. Best to also add # to existing line as first char changing to a comment. Then easier to revert if required.

search.fs_uuid 00aee336-b9ae-4c75-8edc-a19adb0b5451  root hd0,gpt6

sudo nano /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/grub.cfg

It should end up like this:

search.fs_uuid 00aee336-b9ae-4c75-8edc-a19adb0b5451  root hd0,gpt6
#search.fs_uuid 94ce33db-7654-4e3e-a9be-a3063bb155cf root hd0,gpt4
set prefix=($root)'/boot/grub'
configfile $prefix/grub.cfg


You could install Lubuntu which requires little in terms of graphics.

I tried it in an old computer and it worked like a charm.  Of course, the graphics since they are not the fancy 3D graphics of Unity, are not as impressive.  However, under the hood it will be the very same great operating system.

The procedure for installing Lubuntu is the same as installing Ubuntu, all you need to do is download the correct ISO.  You can get help and links to the latest ISO here: Lubuntu/InstallingLubuntu, in Ubuntu.com


Try the below command on terminal to install cfengine3,

sudo apt-get install cfengine3


GRUB2 itself doesn't have support to boot from CD, but it supports booting from ISO files.  You could copy the ISO of the CD you want to boot from, to the hard drive and then create a custom grub entry.

Now with Grub, they say its might be possible.  This method is applicable for all legacy PCs which can’t boot from CDROM drive.  It requires the use of memdisk.bin, and sbootmgr.dsk.  For instructions, see Boot CDROM through GRUB.

The links to download sbootmgr, and memdisk no longer works.  But you can download them by clicking on their respective links.

sbootmgr.dsk, and memdisk.bin


GNOME shell doesn't detect custom .desktop file

The only thing wrong with your .desktop file is the following line:

NoDisplay=true

NoDisplay=true means

  this application exists, but don't display it in the menus.

So either remove this line or change it to

NoDisplay=false

Then put the .desktop file in ~/.local/share/applications (only for the current user) or in /usr/share/applications (for all users).


Sitronix ST9RM01 touchscreen not working

From talking with one of the hid-multitouch developers, the following will commands will work around this problem in Ubuntu 12.10:

sudo su
echo 16 > /sys/module/hid_multitouch/drivers/hid\:hid-multitouch/0003\:1403\:5001.*/quirks

A future kernel update will fix things so that this will no longer be necessary.


The error is about disk space of your virtual disk.
Delete the currrent virtual disk (vdi ?) inside your Virtual Machine settings, create a new one, and give it more space, for example 20 Gb of disk space.

The virtual RAM has nothing to do with this, but for completeness :
Recommended base memory depends on how much RAM your machine has.
e.g. when your computer would have 2 Gb RAM total, it would be tricky to give a Virtual Machine more than 1.5 Gb RAM.


How can i select where i install the ubuntu aplications?

If you want that you need to install and compile the source version of that package and during compilation provide an installation path to the removable drive.

Geany building from source.
Cmap tools is not open source so it totally depends on what is inside the .BIN file you get when you download it. If installing it asks for an installation path you can provide it but it probably will extract itself to the default locations. If so it will not be possible to put onto a removable drive.

For Ubuntu to work with that software that removable drive needs to be EXT and can not be NTFS.
I would suggest to forget this idea. It is a lot of work and you will also have to manually update this software when there is a new version or if there are bugfixes.


Sometimes my wifi on my Thinkpad X201 stops working and I have to restart. Any workaround?

Let me introduce a mixture of searching and guessing.

lspci:

lspci | grep -i Wireless
02:04.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 2200BG [Calexico2] Network Connection (rev 05)

The name might be different, without 'wireless', so maybe you just perform the lspci-command, and conclude yourself, which might be the w-lan chip.

lshw is another approch:

sudo lshw -C net
[sudo] password for stefan:
  *-network:0
       description: Ethernet interface
       product: RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+
       vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0
       logical name: eth0
       version: 10
       serial: 00:13:d4:6a:60:d2
       size: 10MB/s
       capacity: 100MB/s
       width: 32 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation
       configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=8139too driverversion=0.9.28 duplex=half latency=64 link=no maxlatency=64 mingnt=32 multicast=yes port=MII speed=10MB/s
       resources: irq:4 ioport:d800(size=256) memory:ff9ffc00-ff9ffcff
  *-network:1 UNCLAIMED
       description: Network controller
       product: PRO/Wireless 2200BG [Calexico2] Network Connection
       vendor: Intel Corporation
       physical id: 4
       bus info: pci@0000:02:04.0
       version: 05
       width: 32 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm cap_list
       configuration: latency=64 maxlatency=24 mingnt=3
       resources: memory:ff9fe000-ff9fefff

Now I use dmesg:

dmesg | grep -i 2200BG

nothing, too narrow,

dmesg | grep 2200
[315676.220024] eth0: no IPv6 routers present
[332456.220087] eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0xC5E1
[375282.220037] eth0: no IPv6 routers present

modprobe -l or lsmod, if the driver is loaded is another option:

modprobe -l | grep 2200
kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ipw2x00/ipw2200.ko

If you have sources installed, the drivers should be in:

ls /usr/src/linux/drivers/net/wireless/

From the ThinkWiki-Page I guess, your chipset could be a Realtek RTL8192SE. So you would use rtl/rtl8192/rtl8192se for grepping.

r8192se_pci might be your driver. so

sudo rmmod r8192se_pci
sudo modprobe r8192se_pci

could save you from reboots. I didn't read the whole page on Thinkwiki about your model - maybe you got the time.

For laptops in general, the linux-on-laptops page is a general good adress, to see, what experience other user made with linux on laptops and which knowledge they gained. Some models change chipsets and drivers, but it is much better than guessing.


Why doesn't the faac package support mp4?

It was removed due to licensing issues -

faac (1.28-5) unstable; urgency=low

[ Andres Mejia ]
Disable mp4v2 support.
This only disables mp4v2 for the faac utility program. The faac
utility is GPL-2 but the mp4v2 library is MPL-1.1. The two licenses
are incompatible with each other.

So if you wish back then you'll need to either downgrade faac & libfaac0 to the faac (1.28-4) packages or simply get the current source & rebuild with libmp4v2-dev installed.


Switching from Nvidia to Radeon graphics card in year 2015

install fglrx driver using terminal commands

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/AMD


I've only seen something like this as apturl-link (something like apt://cowsay). I've never seen any USC badge and I don't think it exists.

Edit: Just found this Ask Ubuntu question. See first answer->Weather indicator. I realised I've seen it before:

Is there a desktop weather app?


Can I assign any IPv4 address I want to a network interface in Ubuntu?

If you're referring to an internal network, you can assign any IP address you like.  If any other devices are already programmed to a specific IP however, you may have conflicts.

If you're referring to an external IP address, the one assigned by your ISP, you get whatever they assign.


juju status is - Conflict 409. What should I do?

Well it depends on the service(s) you need to install, and the server specs.

For example you could juju destroy-service juju-gui and juju deploy juju-gui --to 0 on the same node with the bootstrap if the server have enough memory for both. since they don't have any contradicting attributes.

e.g it's not recommended to deploy two charms if the both charms uses apache web service.


Print the last error message from stderr?

If a program alone does write to stderr you should be able to see its error output without the need for that helper function. In your post your command suggests you didn't use any redirection so you were supposed to see the error stream. To troubleshoot you of course could redirect both stdout and stderr  to two separate files, (or both to the same one with &> file.txt ) and see what is going on actually


In lightdm's upstart job (/etc/init/lightdm.conf), add a mounted event so it looks a bit like this:

start on ((filesystem
           and runlevel [!06]
           and started dbus
           and (drm-device-added card0 PRIMARY_DEVICE_FOR_DISPLAY=1
                or stopped udev-fallback-graphics))
           and mounted MOUNTPOINT=/home
          or runlevel PREVLEVEL=S)


Which Ubuntu version should I choose to learn UNIX/Linux commands, the desktop or the server version?

The difference is mostly in getting a graphical environment extra. All versions have a terminal you can start with.

The advantage of 'server' would be that you will not be tempted to do anything with the graphical interface, as you have none. This is when you really have no discipline :)

The advantage of the desktop (or live) CD, would be you can use a browser to find yourself some hints/howtos.

In the end you can do anything you want in the command line on both types. For desktop you can either use ctrl-alt-T to get a terminal window, or use ctrl-alt-f1.


Alt + tab to switch between windows that are only in one screen

You can change the behavior of Alt+Tab with an option in compizconfig-settings-manager that lets you group the applications together from the active viewport.

To install CCSM, run the following command in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

To enable the setting click on Ubuntu Unity plugin and select Switcher tab and tick Bias Alt+Tab sorting to prefer windows on the current viewport.

This will ensure that the applications from the same viewport will get grouped together in the window switcher. However, this will not remove everything that isn't on your viewport. It just groups them together making it easier to keep them apart.

If you want to completely remove the other windows from your not active viewport from your Alt+Tab menu you'll need to a different switcher like the static application switcher. You can activate the static switcher by doing the following:

start CCSM

click the Ubuntu Unity Plugin and go to the switcher tab. In this tab, you'll need to disable the hotkey to start the switcher, the hotkey to flip through the windows in the switcher and the one to switch through the windows backward.

Enable the Static Application Switcher by checking Window Management ▸ Static Application Switcher ▸ Enable Static Application Switcher

You should only switch between windows on your active viewport as you did on your old install.

If you do not get the static application switcher option you can try running the following command:

sudo apt-get install compiz-plugins-extra

I do have a little warning though:
 What are some of the issues with CCSM and why would I want to avoid it?

If this didn't work you can comment and I'll post another method.


Step 1: find out where "E:" is mounted. To do so, open a terminal, and type mount. You should see something like this:

...
/dev/sdf1 on /media/username/something type vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,block_validity,barrier,user_xattr,acl,uhelper=udisks2)
...

This shows you the device name of your disk (/dev/sdf1 in my case), the mount point (in my case that's /media/username/something) and the file system type (vfat in the example).

Next, type sudoedit /etc/fstab in the terminal. This will open the fstab file in an editor. That file contains one line for every disk that should be automatically mounted. The line should look similar to this:

/dev/sdf1 /media/username/something vfat user,auto 0 0

You can see that you need to put the device name, mount point, file system type. After that follow some options. "user, auto 0 0" is probably a good choice.

You can try whether this works by using the commands mount /media/username/something and umount /media/username/something. If these commands work, your disk should automatically mount on the next reboot.


when starting virtualbox vm using sudo, it can't find the VMs

To start a VM on login and have it stop on logout, you can use systemd user units.

Create a file `~/.config/systemd/user/myvm.service with the following content:

[Unit]
Description=My VM

[Service]
ExecStart=vboxmanage startvm myVM -type headless
ExecStop=vboxmanage controlvm myVM acpipowerbutton
# Actually, I'm not sure about the stop command, but I'm confident you will figure that one out
RemainAfterExit=true

[Install]
WantedBy=default.target

Afterwards, run systemctl --user enable myvm.service. You can now start your VM with systemctl --user start myvm.service and stop it with systemctl --user stop myvm.service. Logging in and out should start and stop your VM.

If you need this on boot instead of log in, you can try to make this a system systemd unit and specify the executing user in the [Service] section with User= and Group=.


How to upgrade Ubuntu to specific version?

Edit the /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades file with your favourite text editor.

Change the value of the Prompt line to be: prompt=lts

The do-release-upgrade command will now only upgrade to the next LTS release, which is currently 16.04. Be aware that the next LTS release 18.04 is due to be released soon, so it may be advisable to do this before that is released.


The landscape can be configured to use OpenID and works by default with UbuntuSSO. It can be configured as per
https://help.landscape.canonical.com/LDS/ReleaseNotes12.09#OpenID_support

ADFS 2016 is using "OpenID Connect" which is different from "OpenID" used with Landscape. Unfortunately, at this time Landscape does not support "OpenID Connect"

Here is more about the differences:
https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/44611/difference-between-oauth-openid-and-openid-connect-in-very-simple-term

Hope this will help


As mentioned in comments, adding gnome-calendar to the existing Time & Date menu would require breaking into the code. Apart from the fact that that seems to be out of the scope of AU, on the first update you'd need to to the same routine again.

Alternatively

Run the indicator below. It will add an icon to the panel for quick access to the calendar:

The code

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import signal
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
gi.require_version('AppIndicator3', '0.1')
from gi.repository import Gtk, AppIndicator3
import subprocess

class Indicator():
    def __init__(self):
        self.app = 'test123'
        iconpath = "org.gnome.Calendar"
        self.indicator = AppIndicator3.Indicator.new(
            self.app, iconpath,
            AppIndicator3.IndicatorCategory.OTHER)
        self.indicator.set_status(AppIndicator3.IndicatorStatus.ACTIVE)
        self.indicator.set_menu(self.create_menu())

    def create_menu(self):
        menu = Gtk.Menu()
        open_cal = Gtk.MenuItem('Show Calendar')
        open_cal.connect('activate', self.run_cal)
        menu.append(open_cal)
        # separator
        menu_sep = Gtk.SeparatorMenuItem()
        menu.append(menu_sep)
        # quit
        item_quit = Gtk.MenuItem('Quit')
        item_quit.connect('activate', self.stop)
        menu.append(item_quit)
        menu.show_all()
        return menu

    def run_cal(self, source):
        subprocess.Popen("gnome-calendar")

    def stop(self, source):
        Gtk.main_quit()

Indicator()
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_DFL)
Gtk.main()

How to use

Not sure if python3-gi is installed by default, but to make sure:

sudo apt install python3-gi

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as indicator_runcal.py
Test- run it with the command

python3 /path/to/indicator_runcal.py

A pnale icon should be added as in the image, choose Show Calendar from its menu.
If all works fine, add to Startup Applications: Dash > Startup Applications > Add. Add the command

/bin/bash -c "sleep 10 && python3 /path/to/indicator_runcal.py"

Additionally

You can give it a launcher:

[Desktop Entry]
Exec=python3 /absolute/path/to/indicator_runcal.py
Name=Show Calendar
Type=Application
Icon=org.gnome.Calendar

Copy the code above into an empty file, save it as cal_indicator.desktop
Replace the path in /absolute/path/to/indicator_runcal.py by the real (and full, don't use ~ or $HOME) path to the script.
Move or copy the file to ~/.local/share/applications, log out and back in.

Now the indicator can be started from Dash:


Where you install your boot loader has to match what you set in your BIOS. Verify this and then we'll talk more.


How to install older VLC 2.2 after having 3.0?

sudo apt-get purge vlc-nox
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install vlc


After hours of search I found the fix:
LDM tries to start by default a session on the server using "gnome-session-fallback". But if you are running KDE (Kubuntu) on the server you don't have gnome installed and it fails. To fix it you have to add a line in the lts.conf file:
LDM_SESSION="plasma"
I suppose it is a bug
I hope it will help some of you.


XUbuntu: Can't edit text files: Permission denied

If you want to edit configuration files which require root privileges, you have to open application with root privileges. I opened Mousepad with root privileges by typing in terminal:

gksudo mousepad


How to move from Ubuntu 17.04 Unity to Mate?

Moving to Mate can be done easily with

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-mate-desktop

It's a meta-package that allows you installing full Ubuntu Mate environment.


Outlook.com and Google Apps email notifier for gnome-shell?

I would set it up like this:

The Google Apps Mail

Instal unity-mail & unity-webapps-gmail

sudo apt-get install unity-mail unity-webapps-gmail

Open Unity mail and configure it for Google Apps. Setting it up is almost the same as for a gmail account, except for the username which is your_mail@yourdomail.com

You can even set it up with URL so that when you click a mail under the message notification tray you will go directly to the inbox...

The Outlook.com mail

Unfortunately Outlook.com does not support IMAP yet, so I would set up forwarding to a gmail account I would create only for this purpose and then set up a second account in unity mail..

Alternatively you can use extentions for your browser:
If you are using chrome go for Outlok.com notifier
And if you use Firefox: X-Notifier


HP Photosmart 5510 multifunction printer scanner not found

Install the latest HPLIP. Unplug the USB cable. Activate wireless printing on the printers touch screen and follow the instructions . Run HP-SETUP. Select "Wireless/802.11". Follow the instructions and your set to go.

For some reason if you use the USB connection and select "Universal Serial Bus (USB)" during the HP-STUP you get a Communication Error. But with Wireless every thing works like a charm.


According to package search you need to install gambas3-ide to have /usr/bin/gambas3 in installed to the system.
Full set of the packages is below:
sudo apt-get install gambas3 gambas3-ide gambas3-dev gambas3-gb-libxml

Also you can simply omit /path/to/gambas/binaries/ as all the needed Gambas binaries are installed to /usr/bin/ which is in $PATH variable:
git clone https://github.com/kokoko3k/xt7-player-mpv.git
cd xt7-player-mpv/
gbc3 -e -a -g -t -p -m
gba3
./xt7-player-mpv.gambas


initrd.img and vmlinuz how to install the one just 1 lower than the higer? Ubuntu 18.04

You can remove the old kernel with

sudo apt remove linux-headers-4.15.0-34:amd64 linux-headers-4.15.0-34-generic:amd64 linux-modules-4.15.0-34-generic:amd64 linux-image-4.15.0-34-generic:amd64

To install another kernel (e.g. 4.15.0-39) run

 sudo apt install linux-headers-4.15.0-39:amd64 linux-headers-4.15.0-39-generic:amd64 linux-modules-4.15.0-39-generic:amd64 linux-image-4.15.0-39-generic:amd64

Note that this packages will be marked as manaully installed, so they will not get removed with sudo apt autoremove. You can mark them as automatically installed with

sudo apt-mark auto linux-headers-4.15.0-39:amd64 linux-headers-4.15.0-39-generic:amd64 linux-modules-4.15.0-39-generic:amd64 linux-image-4.15.0-39-generic:amd64

You may want to check with Synaptic which kernel versions are available. You can also use the command apt list linux-headers-*-generic to see which kernel versions are available:

mook@mookpc:~$ apt list linux-headers-*-generic
Listing... Done
linux-headers-4.15.0-20-generic/bionic 4.15.0-20.21 amd64
linux-headers-4.15.0-22-generic/bionic-updates,bionic-security 4.15.0-22.24 amd64
linux-headers-4.15.0-23-generic/bionic-updates,bionic-security 4.15.0-23.25 amd64
linux-headers-4.15.0-24-generic/bionic-updates,bionic-security 4.15.0-24.26 amd64
linux-headers-4.15.0-29-generic/bionic-updates,bionic-security 4.15.0-29.31 amd64
linux-headers-4.15.0-30-generic/bionic-updates,bionic-security 4.15.0-30.32 amd64
linux-headers-4.15.0-32-generic/bionic-updates,bionic-security 4.15.0-32.35 amd64
linux-headers-4.15.0-33-generic/bionic-updates,bionic-security 4.15.0-33.36 amd64
linux-headers-4.15.0-34-generic/bionic-updates,bionic-security 4.15.0-34.37 amd64
linux-headers-4.15.0-36-generic/bionic-updates,bionic-security 4.15.0-36.39 amd64
linux-headers-4.15.0-38-generic/bionic-updates 4.15.0-38.41 amd64
linux-headers-4.15.0-39-generic/bionic-updates,bionic-security 4.15.0-39.42 amd64

For me version 4.15.0-39 is still the recent version in the official repository, I don't know where you got version 4.15.0-42, probably you have proposed packages enabled in Software Updater.


system settings →language support→regional formats→display numbers, dates and currency amounts in the usual format for:English


If you can see GRUB boot menu, select the Advanced Option for Ubuntu. And then select 'Ubuntu Recovery Mode'

This will bring you an utility that will help you to recover most of the common problem caused during booting.

Select a menu option and press Enter to use it:

clean: Attempts to make free space on your file system. If your storage is full and this is causing some sort of problem, this can help free up space.
dpkg: Repairs broken software packages. If a package failed to install properly and your system doesn’t work because of it, this may help.
failsafeX: Boots your computer in a failsafe graphic mode. If there’s a problem with your Xorg graphical server configuration or graphics drivers and that’s causing your Ubuntu system to boot to a black screen or preventing the graphical desktop from loading properly, this can get you back to that graphical desktop.
fsck: Performs a file system check, which scans the computer’s file systems for errors and automatically fixes them.
grub: Updates the GRUB boot loader. If you could use the GRUB boot loader to get to this menu, this option probably won’t help.
network: Enable networking, which is disabled by default in recovery mode.
root: Leaves the menu and goes to a root shell prompt. From here, you can mount the file system in write-mode and run commands that may help fix problems with the system. You should only do this if you know what you’re doing — it’s a way to fix the problem by hand if you know how.

If Problem still persists Reinstall your Ubuntu

To do this, insert Ubuntu live DVD or pendrive and boot from it. Start installing Ubuntu. While doing this, Ubuntu should find your existing installtion and should give you option to reinstall it. Choose Option 'Reinstall Ubuntu', this will keep your files and programs as it is withtout any problem.

(Though it's still good idea to keep backup of your important data, just in case)

This should solve your problem. If it does not, there might be a problem with your hardware.

Hope this helps


installing Python3.6 (and purging some 3.5 packages) messed up with my terminal

I did the following:

mkdir ~/repair_python
cd ~/repair_python
apt-get download python2.7-minimal libpython2.7-minimal python-minimal python2.7
sudo dpkg -i --force-all *.deb

… as advised in this answer. For some reason, this restored my terminal appearance. Now, if I try:

sudo apt-get install python3

I get the following:

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
python3 is already the newest version (3.5.1-3).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 241 not upgraded.
4 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/8,710 B of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
No apport report written because the error message indicates its
a followup error from a previous failure.

dpkg: error processing package python3 (--configure):  package is in a very bad
inconsistent state; you should  reinstall it before attempting configuration
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of click:
click depends on python3:any (>= 3.2~); however:   Package python3 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package click (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg:
dependency problems prevent configuration of gnome-menus:
gnome-menus depends on python3:any (>=3.1~); however:
Package python3 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package gnome-menus (--configure):  dependency problems
- leaving unconfigured dpkg:
dependency problems prevent configuration of python3-packagekit:
python3-packagekit depends on python3:any (>= 3.3.2-2~);
however:

Package python3 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python3-packagekit (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written
because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
Errors were encountered while processing:  python3  click  gnome-menus
python3-packagekit E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

… so obviously something's still not quite alright with my Python 3 (even though I can launch the Python 3 REPL from a terminal just fine) but at least my terminals now look normal.


Skype logout (pc logout) when activating the user interface

Quoting Joseph R. from https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/127857/getting-logged-out-of-user-account-upon-execution-of-a-program?noredirect=1#comment204788_127857
You can try launching Skype via the CLI:

skype 2>~/skype-err.log &

This redirects the standard error to the file name skype-err.log under your home directory. Then you can post the contents of this file together with the contents of ~/.xsession-errors file on this website and the link provided above to seek further help.


Ubuntu 12.10 stuck on black screen with a lot of text

zdravo matej, try to press CTRL+ALT+F1 or any other to F6, and than simply login as you login in normal gui mode, with your username. then when you are logged in, try to run command:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop

and let me know if helped. if not, jebiga moramo naci drugo resenje :D


I killed my GUI and Startx cant find a "screen"

I feel like an idiot. After months of forum joining, hopping, posting and prowling I finally found the answer

rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf
reboot
startx

That was it. But thanks for the help, guys.


Is my computer capable of running Ubuntu? If so, what version is recommended?

My laptop is ancient by tech specs and it runs Ubuntu 14.10 just fine. It runs better now than when it still had Windows XP on it. That's my recommendation. Just make sure which ever Linux OS you chose to get the 32 bit version.


Recommends are installed by default (since Lucid). To negate this for a specific package, use apt-get --no-install-recommends install pkg. Suggests, however, are not. You can install the suggests for a single package installation by using apt-get -o APT::Install-Suggests="true" install pkg.

Installing conky without Suggests:

laney@iota> sudo apt-get install conky
[...]
Suggested packages:
  apcupsd moc mpd
The following NEW packages will be installed
  conky conky-all

…or with Suggests:

laney@iota> sudo apt-get -o APT::Install-Suggests="true" install conky
[...]
The following NEW packages will be installed
  apache2 apache2-doc apache2-mpm-worker apache2-suexec apache2-utils apache2.2-bin apache2.2-common apcupsd apcupsd-cgi apcupsd-doc ario ario-common conky
  conky-all icecast2 ices2 libao-common libao4 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libcue1 libmpdclient2 libresid-builder0c2a libsidplay2 libsidutils0
  moc moc-ffmpeg-plugin mpd

You can make this the default behaviour by putting

APT::Install-Suggests "true"

in a file in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/, for example /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/30install-suggests.


To install Ubuntu as a program, boot to Windows and use Wubi.


Gnome-terminal shortcut open multiple ssh connections in tabs

Use the following format:
gnome-terminal --tab -e "cat /dev/urandom" --tab -e "top"


Hide the Unity Launcher, when an application is maximized

Short answer:

If you want more spaces than maximize just press F11.


The overwrite with 0's will literally write #FFFFFF to every sector on the harddrive, permanently erasing the data that was there.  This is a technique used to remove all data fragments which might be left on the drive.  It's usually used when pernicious malware is expected or as part of a data-wipe routine.

Chances are, you just need the quick option.


sudo sed -i 's/3/2/' /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/*. Try this in terminal and restart the network manager with sudo service network-manager restart and if this doesn't work then go to wifi settings and then disable ipv6 and then restart the network manager with the same command. Hope this works.


Is there any possible way to recreate uname file in /bin?

Locate the binary file:

$ which uname
/bin/uname

Find out which package provides the file:

$ dpkg -S /bin/uname
coreutils: /bin/uname

Reinstall the package using the --reinstall flag

sudo apt install --reinstall coreutils

This replaces all the files of the package except configuration files.


No disk driver for OS install, server 16.04 LTS in Hyper-V

On Long Term Support (LTS) releases, use the latest virtual Hardware Enablement (HWE) kernel for up to date Linux Integration Services.


Why can't I progress beyond entering my username when configuring Thunderbird to use Gmail?

You'll have to install the beta version of Thunderbird. Please follow these steps.

Open a terminal window;
Uninstall current version of thunderbird by entering:

sudo apt-get remove thunderbird

Add "thunderbird-next" ppa (contains releases of Thunderbird from the beta channel) by entering:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/thunderbird-next

Download the package lists from the repositories and update them by entering:

sudo apt-get update

Install the new version of Thunderbird by entering:

sudo apt-get install thunderbird

After installation ends close the terminal window. Now you should have the 1:54.0 version of the software. You can check this opening thunderbird, and clicking "Help" > "about thunderbird" from the menu. A new window appears informing the version.
Now you can configure the Google account normally.