Reinstalling your AMD drivers should do the trick:

Remove your AMD drivers first:

sudo sh /usr/share/ati/fglrx-uninstall.sh
sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx fglrx_* fglrx-amdcccle* fglrx-dev* xorg-driver-fglrx

Now install ATI Catalyst v#:

cd /tmp && wget -O amd-driver-12-6-x86_64.run http://www2.ati.com/drivers/linux/amd-driver-installer-12-6-x86.x86_64.run
chmod +x amd-driver-12-6-x86_64.run
sudo sh amd-driver-12-6-x86_64.run

Finish the installation:

sudo aticonfig --initial -f

Then reboot your system:

sudo reboot

I hope this solves your problem


Getting Epson workforce 435 to work in Ubuntu 12.04

Open a terminal window and stop the cups server:

sudo service cups stop

Then edit the printers.conf file with a good editor 'gedit'

sudo vim /etc/cups/printers.conf

Near the top of file "/etc/cups/printers.conf" is a line like below

AuthInfoRequired username,password

Comment it out by inserting a "#"

#AuthInfoRequired username,password

save the updates and restart the cups server

sudo service cups start


Completely remove Unity and use gnome-shell instead

Another solution is to install from an Ubuntu minimal.iso and install gnome shell. After the base package is installed you will reboot to the terminal.  IIRC correctly it was pretty much just sudo apt-get install gnome-shell lightdm xorg gnome-tweak-tool.  Doing it that way is similar to doing a simplified Arch installation.


Is it advisable to disbable the Windows Secureboot option after dual booting with Ubuntu?

This may not be the answer (but I am not able to just 'comment').

Have you switched Windows into 'Fastboot' mode ? That is a misleading name because it really means just hibernate so when you restart the machine you will not get a bootloader menu but simply restart Windows.

I inadvertently did this after installing linux onto a Windows 7 (or 8) machine and ot gave me the same symptoms that you have; it proved non-trivial to revert to the bootloader, or at least it tool a while to understand the problem, and I think that after I corrected Windows I just reinstalled linux.

graham


Italic font are missing from my Ubuntu install

First check that the meta-package for your desktop environment is installed correctly, since it depends on the base font packages. In your case that is:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-gnome-desktop

If the first step didn't pull in any new packages or the problem persists anyway, the base font packages seem to be broken and you need to re-install them:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall fonts-cantarell fonts-dejavu-core fonts-freefont-ttf

In the future, to detect packages with broken or missing files early you can use the debsums program and package, which comes with a Cron script to check package integrity on a weekly basis.


How to count the number of source packages

You can grep the number of Package: lines in the files whose names end in _Sources in the directory /var/lib/apt/lists/:

grep '^Package: ' /var/lib/apt/lists/*_Sources | wc -l

On my Ubuntu 11.10 machine I get the number 17150.


Laptop Battery Percentage Suddenly Drops

Your battery is defect, replace it (under warranty if possible).


ssl missing from Python. 'module' object has no attribute 'HTTPSConnection'

I have to ask, why are you going through the hoops of building Python from source? I'm just curious. I understand it as a learning exercise maybe, but for most practical purposes (and especially if, as you show, you're doing a vanilla build with no modifications of stock Python) the packages included in Ubuntu work perfectly fine.

Apparently, in order for Python to build with SSL support, you need to uncomment some stuff in Modules/Setup.dist, before running ./configure. This begins on line 213 of Setup.dist:

# Socket module helper for socket(2)
#_socket socketmodule.c timemodule.c
# ^^^^ UNCOMMENT THIS LINE

# Socket module helper for SSL support; you must comment out the other
# socket line above, and possibly edit the SSL variable:
#SSL=/usr/local/ssl
#_ssl _ssl.c \
#   -DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl \
#   -L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto
# ^^^^ UNCOMMENT PREVIOUS 4 LINES
# On Ubuntu, set SSL=/usr/ since /usr/include and /usr/include/openssl are there.


You might have been affected by this bug. Updating to a newer kernel may solve your issue.

Find your Ubuntu installation's architecture.
Run uname -m. If it returns i386 or i686, then it's i386 (32-bit); if it returns x86_64 or amd64, then it's amd64 (64-bit).
Download the latest mainline stable kernel from here.
In this case, you should download the following:

linux-headers-3.19.3-031903-generic_3.19.3-031903.201503261036_ARCH.deb
linux-headers-3.19.3-031903_3.19.3-031903.201503261036_all.deb
linux-image-3.19.3-031903-generic_3.19.3-031903.201503261036_ARCH.deb

Replace ARCH with the architecture found above (i386 or amd64)
Install the packages with sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-3.19.3-031903-generic_3.19.3-031903.201503261036_ARCH.deb linux-headers-3.19.3-031903_3.19.3-031903.201503261036_all.deb linux-image-3.19.3-031903-generic_3.19.3-031903.201503261036_ARCH.deb, again replacing ARCH with your kernel architecture
Reboot.


After filling HD drive with /dev/zero -> shutdown and error

I detected a error, if the filesystem is formatted in FAT32 or a similar file system that supports a maximum of 4GB per file and you tried to make a 1TB file on the HDD, the most probable fail is that when the file reached 4GB, the program stopped and the computer halted.

The correct command would be:

dd if=/dev/zero | pv -t -e -r -a -b -s 930000000000 | dd of="/dev/sdX"; shutdown -P 00

where the correct path may be /dev/sdb or /dev/sdc. You can find that letter in the "Disks" program of Ubuntu.

Warning: ENSURE THAT YOU ENTER THE CORRECT DEVICE, IT MAY PRODUCE A BIG DATA LOSS


Help in mounting/accessing part of a disk that is already being used

The great people over at DigitalOcean helped me answer my own question, specifically in their article here.

The answer was to expand the logical volume I had to fill the available space, and the command I used was:

sudo lvresize -L +54G --resizefs ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv

New screenshot of lsblk output


can't boot windows 7 after installing ubuntu

Your configuration is very strange, probably because of actions taken in step #2 that you don't know about. In brief:

Your disk uses the Master Boot Record (MBR) partitioning scheme.
The MBR contains GRUB code, indicating a setup of Ubuntu to boot in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode.
Your /dev/sda2 is a FAT partition of a size that's common for an EFI System Partition (ESP), and it contains Windows EFI/UEFI-mode boot loader files. This is consistent with an EFI-mode boot, but such a partition is normally found on GUID Partition Table (GPT) disks, not MBR disks. (MBR and GPT are more-or-less mutually exclusive; although a combination called a "hybrid MBR" is possible, this is an ugly and dangerous hack that's mostly used on Macs.)

My suspicion is that your computer was originally installed to boot Windows in EFI mode from a GPT disk, but in step #1, you installed Ubuntu in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. (Installing one OS in EFI mode and the other in BIOS mode is awkward at best, and usually results in problems.) Then, whoever did your step #2, not understanding the setup or how best to fix it, converted the disk from GPT to MBR and tried to get it to boot Windows in BIOS mode, but failed. Although your subsequent efforts might have worked, for whatever reason they didn't, leaving you worse off than when you began.

My first suggestion is to read my Web page on the CSM. A failure to understand the issues described on that page is likely what got you into your current predicament, and a successful recovery is dependent on either your understanding those issues or good luck. Either your CSM was enabled at the start or you enabled it to install Ubuntu, and this was a mistake, because the CSM complicates the boot path and makes possible a configuration in which one OS is installed in EFI mode and the other is installed in BIOS mode. As noted above, such a configuration is awkward to control and creates new pitfalls. Thus, I recommend you disable the CSM before doing anything else. How you do this varies from one computer to another, so I can't present specific instructions on this; you'll just have to poke around in your firmware setup tool until you find an option relating to the CSM, BIOS-mode booting, legacy-mode booting, or UEFI-mode booting and set it appropriately.

With the CSM disabled, you have two basic options:

Re-install everything -- This is likely to be the easiest approach. You should delete all the disk's partitions, convert the disk from MBR to GPT form, re-install Windows, and finally re-install Ubuntu. As noted on my CSM page, referenced earlier, you may need to take care to create EFI-bootable installation media for both Windows and Ubuntu. (See here for instructions on installing Windows 7 in EFI mode.)
Repair what you've got -- In theory, you can repair the current configuration to boot in EFI mode. This will require converting from MBR to GPT in a non-destructive way (you can use my GPT fdisk (gdisk)) tool to do this -- it comes with Ubuntu). With that done, you can run Boot Repair from an EFI-mode boot; or use my rEFInd boot manager on a USB drive or CD-R to boot once and then install rEFInd's Debian package or PPA. With any luck your current Windows boot loader will then work well enough to boot Windows; but if not, you may need to repair it. Perhaps you could use part of this procedure to do the job, or you might have to ask on a Windows forum for detailed instructions.

An alternative would be to leave the computer's CSM enabled and try to get it booting in BIOS mode. Since GRUB is starting already, Boot Repair won't really help, at least not initially; you must install a BIOS-mode version of the Windows boot loader -- but I'm not an expert on Windows recovery, so you may need to ask on a Windows forum about that. Also, installing a BIOS-mode Windows boot loader is likely to partially wipe out GRUB, necessitating re-installing it -- which is most easily done with Boot Repair, which you say is thinking it must boot in EFI mode. My suspicion is that this is because it's seeing /dev/sda2 and interpreting it as an ESP. If so, deleting that partition might help; but of course if you get this far, you'll have a working Windows, and there's a slim chance that deleting /dev/sda2 might make it fail. Thus, in addition to the usual CSM pitfalls, this procedure runs the risk of creating new problems once you fix one of your current ones -- or maybe even creating new problems while not fixing the current one.


Proper method for addressing a user's home directory

~ (tilde) or $HOME can be used for getting the current user's home directory, so you could do:

cd ~/myrepo/gui
cd "$HOME/myrepo/gui"

Or even execute it directly:

~/myrepo/gui/filetocall.sh
"$HOME"/myrepo/gui/filetocall.sh


I Ran startx From Terminal as SU Now I Can't Log In

Basically what happened is that invoking the startx command as a super user changed ownership of the .Xauthority file to root. .Xauthority is a 'magic cookie' file that authenticates clients requesting access to the X display server. What that means is that when you first log in, the X display server needs to authenticate your identity before it gives you access to the X Window system, i.e. your desktop. A more detailed explanation can be found here, while the solution I found can be found here.

What worked for me was using CTRL + ALT + F1 from the login screen to get to a terminal, login from the terminal, and then:
sudo chown user:user ~/.Xauthority where user:user is your username followed by a colon, then your username again. If that seems complicated or doesn't work for some reason, you can just delete the file altogether using sudo rm ~/.Xauthority and from now on you can just do everything from the command line. I'm just kidding it will regenerate the file when required and the new file will have the correct permissions.

Hope this helps as the issue made me panic at first but turned out to be a relatively simple fix, and I learned a little bit about how display servers work in the process.


audio stuttering/crackling in ubuntu 18.04

So after many exhaustive attempts the issue is solved.

The cases and combinations tried are so varied that I cannot determined what did it.

Possibly a combination of the solutions above. If I had to guess what cracked it was uninstalling/purging pulseaudio (leaving the alsa modules) and then rebooting. This certainly solved the issue. Then to my astonishment reinstalling pulseaudio left me with a full-working audio again (pulseaudio is very convenient to chose which output source to use).


The newest version, as can be seen on the official site is 7.6. To update you just have to extract the new version over the old directory.

A better way to install and update freefilesync, would be to use the official ppa. This way you always have a version that is compatible with your current Ubuntu version.

https://launchpad.net/~freefilesync/+archive/ubuntu/ffs

The process for installing the ppa is standard and described on the site I linked.

As of November 2015 the ppa is up to date, again.


how can i convert my system into a remote desktop server

For the Ubuntu colleagues, create user accounts on your machine. Then have them login with ssh -Y and run their desired application. The -Y option allows the visual output to get tunneled to their box.

If you want your colleagues to have a full desktop environment, you could enable XDMCP on your box, and have them run one of the client solutions described in the Ubuntu XDMCP documentation. Note that running Unity or Gnome this way is pretty much out of the question, you could however give them a lightweight desktop environment such as XFCE.


Upgrading Ubuntu from 14.04 to 16.04 over https

to switch to https from http you just need to update the urls in your source.list and source.list.d files to use https not http.


SIGSEGV when trying to launch Unity3D game

Starting of another Unitly3D based game Wasteland 2 on Ubuntu 18.04 was also problematic for me. I also have AMD GPU. Even a call stack of the crash looked similar and ended on libmono.so. I bought the game on GOG.com but didn't find a solution on their site.
Setting of the following in the startup script of the game helped to solve the problem:
ulimit -n 4096

If this doesn't help
Good people suggest to try another thing.
There is chance that the hard limit of the open files is lower than 4096. One can check it by calling:
ulimit -Hn

If the result is lower than 4096 then edit the /etc/security/limits.conf to have such values:
username soft nofile 4096
username hard nofile 8192

Replace "username" with the name of your user. Re-log in in the system is required for the changes to come into effect.
This a description is a translation of the hint given by the user EugVV on Russian-speaking community rutracker.org


When selecting "download" from amazon's cloud-player, a popup appears that includes a link that says "already have the amazon downloader?"  Clicking this starts the download dialog, and I can select banshee as the program to handle the .amz file, which imports the files successfully.


Why doesn't gsettings recognise these keys/values?

from the schema file /usr/share/glib2.0/schemas/org.gnome.nautilus.gschema.xml
  <schema path="/org/gnome/nautilus/list-view/" id="org.gnome.nautilus.list-view" gettext-domain="nautilus">
    <key name="default-zoom-level" enum="org.gnome.nautilus.ListZoomLevel">
      <default>'standard'</default>
      <summary>Default list view zoom level</summary>
    </key>

SCHEMA = org.gnome.nautilus.list-view
KEY = default-zoom-level
gsettings [--schemadir SCHEMADIR] set SCHEMA[:PATH] KEY VALUE
To simplify Above
gsettings set SCHEMA KEY VALUE
gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.list-view default-zoom-level $VALUE
so your gsettings command should be, for example
gsettings get org.gnome.nautilus.list-view default-zoom-level
gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.list-view default-zoom-level '$value'


What's the shortcut for screenshot on Lubuntu laptop keyboard?

Did you check your home directory?  When I hit print screen (in Lubuntu 17.10) I get no indication that anything happened, but when I look in my home dir, the desktop picture is there.)


How to let Muon update manager run without entering a password?

try with configuring your crontab file, to make updates automatically, as root user, example:

in terminal write (as root loged user):

nano /etc/crontab

Then, for example, if you want updates every single day to perform at for example 14:30 o'clock at end of that file write:

30 14 * * * root apt-get update

and simply save changes.

That can help, and to don't worry about everyday updates, as it do that automatically at given time and given user and given command.


Resume trouble: how does kernel know it is supposed to resume?

The problem disappeared after shutting down, restarting, and then shutting down again, and then restarting.  After that, I've survived 3 suspend/resumes without the unexpected restart.

Still, I'm curious to understand how this works, how the kernel knows to resume rather than suspend.


Install Intel Ethernet W3100E on Ubuntu 20

It ended up working after a couple of upgrade...


How I debug an application that loads at startup / on login?

Network-Manager is started from /etc/init.d, as a short look reveals:

ls /etc/init.d/netw*
  /etc/init.d/networking
  /etc/init.d/network-interface
  /etc/init.d/network-manager

So you first can stop it:

sudo /etc/init.d/network-manager stop

I don't know how you like to debug it, with strace?

from man NetworkManager

       --no-daemon
              Do  not  daemonize.   This  is useful for debugging, and directs log output to the controlling
              terminal in addition to syslog.

DEBUGGING
       The following environment variables are supported to help debugging.  When used in  conjunction  with
       the  "--no-daemon"  option (thus echoing PPP and DHCP helper output to stdout) these can quickly help
       pinpoint the source of connection issues.

So instead of strace and a simple restart, you should perhaps first stop the daemon, and then start with the above option in a console, so you can view live what's going on.


I suggest using pry ruby console instead of default irb, because pry has built-in syntax-coloring, indentation support. Installation is pretty simple

gem install pry

There are other tools too, which can be used with irb to enhance it's functionality. One such tool is

irbtools - https://github.com/janlelis/irbtools

Install it with gem install irbtools
After installation, put this line in ~/.irbrc (if there is no such file, create one) require 'irbtools'. This will give you some fancy colors in irb.

wirb - https://github.com/janlelis/wirb/
fancy_irb - https://github.com/janlelis/fancy_irb

The other two gems installation procedure are similar. Check their github READMEs.

Here is a screenshot of the pry console.


Recreate it with:

sudo -i
mknod /dev/loop2 b 7 2
chown --reference=/dev/loop0 /dev/loop2
chmod --reference=/dev/loop0 /dev/loop2


Wrong keyboard layout during disk encryption passphrase entry

echo "KEYMAP=Y" | sudo tee -a /etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf
update-initramfs -u

Solved my problem! Thanks!


How to make Ubuntu immediately login when I finish entering my password, without hitting enter key. Like in Windows 10

The password will always require enter because only then will the OS check your entry against the stored hash (This is in my experience the same in Windows).

What you can do in Windows is to assign a PIN (I fail to see why this might be useful, but we are not talking Windows here :-))


Run synapse (or alternative) on Lubuntu 15.04

Maybe it would suffice to start the execute-command from your menu with

  Alt F1


Virtualbox on Ubuntu /Windows XP viruses or security issues?

Ubuntu vulnerabilities come from outdated programs. If you keep your computer up to date your system will be more secure. A virus* in Windows VM can not affect Ubuntu.

You can't play games like Pes2011 in virtualBox, but you can install Pes 2011 in Wine. Also you should try to run your taxes programs in Wine and PlayOnLinux first.


What does the output of file "/bin/cp" mean

Let's take it apart piece by piece:

/bin/cp name of the program you're passing to file command. In this case , it is cp, the program for coppying files and folders.
ELF 64-bit LSB shared object: an external program can use this program's functionality. See my related question Executables vs Shared objects
x86-64 - compiled for 64-bit OS
version 1 (SYSV) - uses Unix System V standard for ABI. See Linux file command: what does SYSV imply?
dynamically linked - uses functionality of other programs/libraries. See kos's answer on my question.(Link #1)
interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 - this is the program that will load the executable and all the libraries necessary for the program to work. See  PatchELF for simple explanation in the first pargraph. See also Dynamic Linker on Wikipedia
for GNU/Linux 2.6.32 - the glibc library used to compile that program was targeted at Linux kernel 2.6.32. See linux command “file” shows “for GNU/Linux 2.6.24”
BuildID[sha1]=ea4510e2ea94e09894383430c178b21df065faac - sha1 hashsum for the build session, most useful for developers to debug their program and see which particular version of their code was used. See What does BuildID SHA1 mean?
stripped - contains no debugging information. See What are stripped and not-stripped executables in Unix?


Unable to access NTFS partitions since upgrading to 12.10?

someone asked the same question after you. You will find my solution over here
Drive partition missing after installing ubuntu


When the list is shuffled, all songs are shuffled with an even chance. Think about it like this, when you shuffle a deck of cards, the cards have no way of getting to the top of the deck even if your chances of winning would be increased. Also, with song shuffling, it is performed randomly. How can there be randomness if some of the objects have priority?


Suggestions:

Try with Google Chrome
Install the proprietary video drivers by doing the following:

Open the Ubuntu Software Center (Centre if you're not American)
Navigate to the universal menu towards the top of the screen and select Edit->Software Sources.
Wait for the window to come up.
Select the tab Additional Drivers.
Select a proprietary driver if it's available and install it.

Edit the file /etc/adobe/mms.cfg (creating the file if it exists) and add/edit OverrideGPUValidation=true. Save the file and restart the computer. This is a protected system directory, so you can edit it by running sudo nano /etc/adobe/mms.cfg in a terminal (Ctrl-Alt-T opens a terminal) and running Ctrl-X and Y to save once you've finished.

Let us know how that works.


is there an Xubutu (XFCE) equivalent to gnome-session-quit

On the latest XFCE 4.14 there is a command:

xfce4-session-logout

Usage:
  xfce4-session-logout [OPTION…]

Help Options:
  -?, --help               Show help options
  --help-all               Show all help options
  --help-gtk               Show GTK+ Options

Application Options:
  -l, --logout             Log out without displaying the logout dialog
  -h, --halt               Halt without displaying the logout dialog
  -r, --reboot             Reboot without displaying the logout dialog
  -s, --suspend            Suspend without displaying the logout dialog
  -i, --hibernate          Hibernate without displaying the logout dialog
  -b, --hybrid-sleep       Hybrid Sleep without displaying the logout dialog
  -u, --switch-user        Switch user without displaying the logout dialog
  -f, --fast               Log out quickly; don't save the session
  -V, --version            Print version information and exit
  --display=DISPLAY        X display to use

Is it that what you're looking for?


How can I view Ubuntu Files once in Windows 8?

Unfortunately, Windows only supports NTFS and FAT filesystems. Ubuntu uses ext4 formatting. You won't be able to access those partition with Windows without wiping them. But you could ask a question here on AskUbuntu to see if you can solve your login problem. It may be simpler than it sounds!


You will not see an upgrade button unless you bring up Update Manager.  Below are different ways that can help you in your process.

Use this method if the system being upgraded is not connected to the Internet. To upgrade using a CD or DVD See Upgrading Using the Alternate CD/DVD

Otherwise you can

From the desktop Press Alt+F2 and type in update-manager

Or

For servers:

sudo apt-get install update-manager-core
do-release-upgrade

First check for updates, then Install them, and finally click Upgrade and follow the on-screen instructions.

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PreciseUpgrades for details.


I would ...

If the Muon /1/, /2/ have finished (or crashed) the installation then you could kill the Muon. The KDE has graphical System Activity /3/ screen. You could kill processes with it.

The System Activity should ask the root password if it needs it. Sometimes the password query is under the System Activity window. That is, you need to move the System Activity window to see the password query window.

You could also kill the muon process from the command line. Example:

Starting a konsole and typing:

:~$ ps -e | grep muon
 2022 ?        00:00:01 muon
:~$ sudo kill 2022
[sudo] password for User:

After this check with the Muon package manager, if there are broken packages or other error messages.

Links

https://wiki.kubuntu.org/OneiricOcelot/Final/Kubuntu
http://jontheechidna.wordpress.com/
http://userbase.kde.org/System_Activity


Why is a directory I copied from my local machine not showing in the directory listing?

In order to solve the problem you need to give access permission to the directory.

The following command should solve the problem:

sudo chmod 775 /var/www/html/<directory_name>

sudo - execute as root
chmod - change permission of the directory
755 - provides read/execute access to anyone

Note, you might also need to give access to the files inside the directory, using the following recursive chmod command:

sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/html/<directory_name>

Same as above, with the additional paramater:

-R - recursive


CUDA sample code did not get installed through sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit; any solutions?

NVIDIA has released the samples here: https://github.com/NVIDIA/cuda-samples

Make sure to get the version corresponding to your CUDA version (starting from v9.2): https://github.com/NVIDIA/cuda-samples/releases

(I think this repo might miss some samples that were available in the installer, but I'm not sure.)


Dual Boot Default Question (W7 & Ubuntu)

Adapted from: How do I set Windows to boot as the default in the boot loader?

For Ubuntu 11.x (or higher), with Grub2

Find out what you boot options are called:

sudo update-grub

One of the entries should be 'Windows 7'.

Edit /etc/default/grub to set this as boot default:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

change:

    GRUB_DEFAULT=0

to:  (for example)

    GRUB_DEFAULT="Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda2)"

Save file, then (again) run:

sudo update-grub


The most stable installation method, would be to download the .ISO file from Ubuntu's homepage, and burning it to a live CD.
Here's a download link


Snap applications don't show up after re-login using fish shell

The command you had originally in your question chsh -s which bash was as you say a typo which caused a great deal of confusion around your question. Even if it had been properly formed with the ` symbols around which bash as shown below.

it would change the shell to bash (the default). To change the shell to fish use

or simply use the command  chsh and enter the path to the shell you want to use. See below:

me@zippy-64bit:~$ chsh
Password:
Changing the login shell for me
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
    Login Shell [/bin/bash]:

For more information on the fish shell see this.

EDIT: Regarding snap packages: Will the default shell matter? the answer is possibly, as it depends on the assumptions made by and the approach taken by the programmer. Refer to the differences in how bash and how fish handle things in the previous link. For example fish has no implicit subshell which can cause surprising side effects in variable assignment for the programmer that is expecting behavior similar to bash. There's a good example of an expectation of an implicit subshell in the question here.

Why? In an attempt to clarify it appears that the concept of inheritance is handled differently between fish and other more common shells like bash. My understanding is that this can result in unexpected behavior from pipes, loops, and functions (All of which are commonly used programming strategies).

The programmer may also be relying on shell builtins which either may not exist in fish or may be implemented in an unexpected fashion.

Sources:

man chsh
fish on Wikipedia
subshells on Unix & Linux
Related post on SuperUser.com


File modification timestamp changed after copy

In Linux there are 3 defines:

struct timespec st_atim;  /* time of last access */
struct timespec st_mtim;  /* time of last modification */
struct timespec st_ctim;  /* time of last status change */

reference "man 2 fstat":
 The  field  st_atime  is  changed  by  file  accesses,  for  example, by
 execve(2), mknod(2), pipe(2), utime(2), and read(2) (of more than zero
 bytes).  Other routines, like mmap(2), may or may not update st_atime.

 The field st_mtime is changed by file modifications, for example, by
 mknod(2), truncate(2), utime(2), and write(2) (of more than zero bytes).
 Moreover, st_mtime of a directory is changed by the  creation or deletion
 of files in that directory.
 The st_mtime field is not changed for changes in owner, group, hard link
 count, or mode.

 The field st_ctime is changed by writing or by setting inode information
 (i.e., owner, group, link count, mode, etc.).

Note: the order of fields in the stat structure varies somewhat across architectures.

So if you use another architecture or a non UNIX File system this results you may occurs cause of this description for fstat information.


Using Super+key that are already setup by unity

The workaround I found is to disable the lens functionalities.

All the shortcuts I want to use are taken by lens shortcuts (Super+a for applications, Super+f for files), thus making them unusable for other functionality

I never use lenses anyway, and removing them frees the shortcuts:

$ dconf write /com/canonical/unity/dash/scopes "['home.scope']"

You can do this (and remove only some of the scopes/lenses if you wish) with dconf-editor, as per this and this posts.


Wordpress; installed lamp, have localhost, but no login

You could try

localhost/login/

or

localhost/admin/


Creating a RAID1 Array, "Disk doesn't contain a valid partition table"

Since you did not create a partition table, and only a partition, yes, it is supposed to be this way.
Example:
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/file bs=4096 count=$((1024*1024 / 4096))
$ mkfs -t ext4 /tmp/file
mke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)
/tmp/file is not a block special device.
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
$ fdisk -l !$
fdisk -l /tmp/file

Disk /tmp/file: 1 MB, 1048576 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 0 cylinders, total 2048 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /tmp/file doesn't contain a valid partition table

To make a partition table, you use something like:
parted /dev/md0 mklabel msdos

With fdisk:
$ fdisk /tmp/file
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xb1f4c1d2.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
You must set cylinders.
You can do this from the extra functions menu.

Command (m for help): w

Simply opening it with fdisk makes it create a partition table. Use w to save it. You'll need to create a new partition within it.
You probably don't need it if the entire device is going to one partition.


Ubuntu 14.04.3 going into login loop on Virtualbox

Just FYI, I solved this problem by switching to the 64 bit of Linux from the 32 bit. I guess this was a bug confined to the 32 bit version.


How can I make my pendrive bootable (My UBUNTU copy is not an ISO file)?

To install Ubuntu through an USB stick, you need to download the ISO image from here. Select 32-bit or 64-bit depending on if your processor is 64-bit capable, but if you choose 32-bit it will always work. See here for more information.

After downloading the ISO file, download and install PendriveLinux. Once it's installed, open it, and select your version of Ubuntu from the first dropdown menu:

After selecting it, click on the Browse button and select the ISO image you downloaded:

Finally, choose the USB drive (the letter; may be D:\, K:\, etc.) and click on the Create button:

Once it's burnt, just configure your BIOS to boot from the USB and install Ubuntu.

See also this question about burning USB images.
Font and images: Ubuntu Wiki


how to use a unity lens without a reboot/logout

Press ALT-F2 and type

r

or

unity --replace

or

compiz --replace


How to make sure for a clean reinstall of mysql and mariadb

The commands you ran are enough. I wouldn't rely on locate in this case either since that command only builds its database of files once per day and may just be listing files that have already been removed by the commands you ran anyways.


Close button closes application behind the actual one. What is the problem?

that happen to me, too (expecially with Eye of GNOME Image Viewer).

Workaround:
first clik on the window you want active, then close it.

or

compiz-config → accessibility → opacify:

If the active windows is different respect the one you are looking, you see it also if it look like to be in the bottom (so, if you close, you know you are closing the one you see better).

Not a perfect english... but I hope you understood.

Bye


The versions in the Launchpad Archives are always out of date and often problematic. Go to Eclipse's website and download the latest version (4.4 Luna currently).


How to use GNU Octave instead of Minitab

R is a system for statistical computation and graphics. It consists of a language plus a runtime environment with graphics, a debugger, access to certain system functions, and the ability to run programs stored in script files.

The core of R is an interpreted computer language which allows branching and looping as well as modular programming using functions. Additionally, several thousand extension "packages" are available from CRAN, the Comprehensive R Archive Network, many also as Debian packages, named r-cran-<name>. For R an extension (library) R Commander exists, which brings a GUI to perform most things that Minitab is capable of.

To install R and RStudio in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install r-base libopenblas-base libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-0 libjpeg62
cd ~/Downloads
wget -c --tries=3 --timeout=120 https://download1.rstudio.org/rstudio-xenial-1.1.419-amd64.deb
sudo apt install ./rstudio-xenial-1.1.379-amd64.deb


How to make Firefox show a desktop notification by running a script through it (like a website would)?

In order to make a desktop notification appear put this code into a file whose extension you should put as .html, then run it using Firefox. Double-clicking it should do the trick in most cases.

<!DOCTYPE html><button id="authorize">Authorize notification</button><button id="show">Show notification</button>

When the page loads up in Firefox you will need to press the Authorize notification button, then you can press the Show notification button.

Direct Source
Indirect Source


Decrypt ecryptfs files recovered from photorec

I had the same problem and I've been able to fix it by following the info provided in this link using the command 'encryptfs-recover-private':
https://forum.cgsecurity.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=7535
It works well. Just an extra hint; when you perform encryptfs-recover-private specify the directory where your encrypted files are located; otherwise the command will search for the entire partition and very likely it will fail.
Good luck


How do I install Steam after this error? Ubuntu 14.04

try following in terminal:

$ sudo apt-get install steam -f


I have Ubuntu alongside Windows Vista and I cannot reboot Windows Vista

Install grub-customizer (from a PPA on launchpad) and enable the windows image

You asked for details, here you go:

Open up terminal - the commands add the extra line to your sources to allow you to install this new piece of software and get updates for it, the second installs it, then it should show up in the application launcher - if it doesn't, just run sudo grub-customizer after the last one.

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer

sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

After each command, you may have to enter your password - this is because you have to confirm this way to add or remove software. It will prompt in the terminal, not by covering your screen with a message, so check for it.


What is the significance of the CMOV CPU instruction?

When source code is compiled for the 686 architecture with gcc and the -march flag, gcc will sometimes generate object code which contains the CMOV instruction.  That is because CMOV was an instruction which came with the original 686 architecture which was released 15 years ago.

A handful of processors which claim to be 686 compatible do not support this instruction.  Thus, a lot of work has to be done to deal with the handful of chips that do not support this standard instruction which has been around for over 15 years and is part of the original 686 architecture any how.  The Ubuntu kernel team has a limited amount of time, and decided it is no longer worth their time to continue supporting supposedly 686 compatible processors which have not been able over the past 15 years to include this instruction which is part of the core 686 instruction set.

There's nothing particularly special about the CMOV command itself, other than it was not an instruction in pre-i686 architecture (i486, i586 etc.) and that some supposedly i686 compatible chips do not have the instruction.


how can I force a mount -a to run after the system boots up?

One way to add your command at startup would be to add it as a cron job.

Add your command to the root cron by typing in the following line in a terminal window:

sudo crontab -e

then at the bottom of the cron add a line that reads like this:

@reboot /bin/mount -a

or if you want to add a delay of like 10 seconds to it:

@reboot /bin/bash -c 'sleep 10 && /bin/mount -a'

that should tell it to run the mount -a command as root at boot up time.

Or, you could add it to your system wide crontab by editing the following file:

/etc/crontab

and adding the following line:

@reboot root /bin/bash -c 'sleep 10 && /bin/mount -a'

Hope this helps!


Udev doesn't match ENV variables on remove

It works.

I'm not too smart. The issue was that in the script I wanted to run, I run zenity with --display=:0 as root trying to write message for different user.

Script ended before any "logging" part...


How to git bzr push after git commit --amend?

git bzr push has an --overwrite option which seems to be missing in the usage message which has been displayed to me, but is in the output of git bzr push -h. It seems to do what git push --force does.


Apt is not finding package that is supposed to be there

The package bitmask is in the Universe repository

sudo apt-add-repository universe
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bitmask

The correct repository definition for leap-keyring and your bitmask version is

deb http://deb.leap.se/debian testing main
deb-src http://deb.leap.se/debian testing main

and the necessary key

gpg --armor --export 0x1E34A1828E207901  | sudo apt-key add -

And you are right - there are no Wily packages.

Debian is a little bit different compared with Ubuntu regarding the naming of repositories.


Ubuntu 12.04: Why does apt-get update fail?

Just remove the content of /var/lib/apt/lists directory:

sudo rm -fR /var/lib/apt/lists/*

then run:

sudo apt-get update

Source: Lorem's answer on Trouble downloading packages list due to a “Hash sum mismatch” error


How to get Mac OS X style 'Quick Look' feature in Ubuntu

GNOME Sushi can add a Mac OSX style "Quick Look" feature to the Nautilus file manager. It is not installed by default, but you can install it. Open a terminal (CTRL+ALT+T) and execute the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gnome-sushi

How to use: Just select a file and tap the Space bar to see a larger (and sometimes interactive) preview.

Features:

It can provide an instant preview of a folder, image, music or a video file using the GStreamer framework.

Sushi also supports previewing most plain text documents, including scripts with syntax highlighting, PDFs, and HTML files.

It's a quick and effective way to take a quick peek at PDFs, photos, MP3s,   videos, and other documents without having to fully open them.

Note: Unfortunately, unlike OSX, Sushi doesn't update the preview window if you move off of it and select other files. Source


Lubuntu Full Install on USB Drive with Full Disk Encryption and Grub2

Unplug internal HDD and try to install on USB.
If you can reboot after installation and have linux running from USB.
Just change the boot order:
1 Usb device (I use Sandisk EXREME 32GB and USB3)
2 Internal CD/DVD
3 Internal HDD
When you have USB plugged will boot from Usb.


Uninstalled and Installed latest verion of nodejs but when i check version its still the old one

some weeks ago i had to install a project-specific 10.x.x version
I had to :

Follow the instructions from the official documentation
https://github.com/nodejs/help/wiki/Installation

# Uninstall viaPackage installed nodejs version
sudo apt-get remove --purge nodejs

# Choose your version / architecture
# Find available versions list there:
# https://nodejs.org/en/download/releases/

VERSION=v13.8.0
DISTRO=linux-x64

# Download
wget https://nodejs.org/download/release/v13.8.0/node-v13.8.0-linux-x64.tar.xz

# Install ie extract archive to /usr/local/lib/nodejs
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/lib/nodejs
sudo tar -xJvf node-$VERSION-$DISTRO.tar.xz -C /usr/local/lib/nodejs

# Create symlinks
sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/nodejs/node-$VERSION-$DISTRO/bin/node /usr/bin/node
sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/nodejs/node-$VERSION-$DISTRO/bin/npm /usr/bin/npm
sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/nodejs/node-$VERSION-$DISTRO/bin/npx /usr/bin/npx

# Update profile
tee -a ~/.profile << ENDap
# Nodejs
VERSION=v13.8.0
DISTRO=linux-x64
export PATH=/usr/local/lib/nodejs/node-$VERSION-$DISTRO/bin:$PATH
ENDap
. ~/.profile

# Tests
node -v
npm version
npx -v


Virtualization on Windows: boot from ext4 partition on USB

VirtualBox can do it.

It doesnt allow you to directly boot from USB, but it does allow you to attach a physical device to a virtual drive.

So the trick is to create a virtual drive pointing to your USB stick, and then adding that drive to the vistual machine.

Step 1 - Find your USB key ID

Right Click on My Computer > Manage > Disk Management
Find your USB. Disk 1 means the ID is \\.\PhysicalDrive1.
Numbering starts from 0 (your first HDD), so USB stick will be 1, 2 or even 3.

Step 2 - Create the Virtual Drive

In terminal ( menu > cmd ), issue the following command:

VBoxManage internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename "%USERPROFILE%\usb.vmdk" -rawdisk \\.\PhysicalDrive1

Im assuming your USB is PhysicalDrive1
The drive will be created in C:\Users\youruser\usb.vmdk

Step 3 - Add the drive to the virtual machine

Just use Virtualbox's GUI
Select the Virtual Machine > Settings > Storage > Add Attachment > Choose existing Disk
Browse for the newly created usb.vmdk

More details can be found in this amazing article


How do I resolve `Depends: libuv1-snap-dev (>= 1.33.1.7~bionic) but it is not going to be installed` when buliding a package on Launchpad?

The issue here is that cassandra-cpp-driver-snap depends on  cmake which in 18.04 & 20.04 depends on libuv1.
libuv1-snap conflicts with libuv1 so it & libuv1-snap-dev cannot be installed, hence the build failure.
If cmake can actually build & work off of libuv1-snap then you could work around this in the ppa.
Best choice from my perspective be to package cmake using libuv1-snap to a separate build dep ppa, then add that ppa to your current ppa's dependencies. This would protect ppa users from aquiring a modified cmake.
You could otherwise try editing cmake control to allow either libuv1-snap-dev | libuv1-dev though I prefer former..


Yes, though if you still have an IDE drive it must be a good 6+ years old now so you probably should replace it.


Is it safe to install Virtual Box in Ubuntu?

Yes, it's safe. It works great. Very useful to run Windows without having to reboot or deal with Wine, and you can also experiment with other distros of Linux without having to set up dual-booting.


where the files goes when restore that file in trash

Try this command on terminal,

find / -xdev 2>/dev/null -name "foldername"


What should I do before installing anaconda?

Anaconda, by definition, servers as a sandbox that permits you to install packages into strictly defined environments. As long as you're working within one of those environments (running the activate command), your environment will see only those packages that you've installed into it. So, to answer your question, what you've installed previously shouldn't matter: Anaconda will only "see" those packages installed into the currently-activated environment.

Some good Anaconda resource reading worth following-up with: Linux installation, and Managing Environments.

BTW, we just completed a Python-based project (using TeX of all things), and Anaconda was a great solution for our team, as we could pretty much guarantee consistent, repeatable environments across team members, regardless of base OS.


How can I find actual volume of the sound Chrome makes from pulseaudio on command line

parec --raw --channels=1 --latency=2 2>/dev/null | od -N2 -td2 | head -n1 | cut -d' ' -f2- | tr -d ' '

Answered here.


How can I set a persistent bash variable?

Type the following from the terminal

gedit ~/.bashrc

This will open a window

Type this as the last line and save the file and close gedit.

export SHORTCUT=user/home/somefolder/somefolder1

Now close the terminal and open it again.

You can straight away do cd $SHORTCUT


Unity Tweak Tool Doesn't work. Schema missing. org.gnome.nautilus.desktop

The unity-tweak-tool is for adjusting the Unity desktop, not the Gnome one. gnome-tweaks is for adjusting Gnome.

Unity is a fork & variation of the gnome desktop, so many parts of it are identical, but it's still a different desktop (like cinnamon & other forks)

gnome-tweaks (https://packages.ubuntu.com/cosmic/gnome-tweaks or via command apt-cache show gnome-tweaks) comes from 'universe' repository (community supported). Only packages from 'main' (or Canonical supported) are included on install media, 'universe' and other repos are added by users, and may have shorter supported-lives (for LTS releases). Refer to https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu for more info on repositories.


Problem Installing EVGA GTX 760 on Ubuntu 14.04

Look on this site: http://www.nvidia.com/object/linux-display-amd64-319.32-driver

Maybe this can also help you:http://linuxg.net/how-to-install-nvidia-319-32-drivers-on-ubuntu-13-04-12-10-12-04-and-linux-mint-15-14-13/


Yes, that is normal. On Ubuntu Desktop since 12.04 there is a dnsmasq instance listening on the the loopback interface at address 127.0.0.1 (127.0.1.1 in 12.10 and later) that functions as a forwarder for DNS queries.

However, it is not normal to set search to an IP address. You may delete the Search Domain entry; it is not necessary on consumer desktop installations.

You can test the local nameserver with something like

dig google.com @127.0.0.1

Dnsmasq receives upstream nameserver addresses via NetworkManager->DBUS->dnsmasq.


Wifi keeps on dropping in Ubuntu 12.04, how to uninstall update

You can uninstall it by running

sudo dpkg -r rtlwifi-new-dkms

But if you have an Intel adapter, this package does not affect it in any way.


Does Skype for Ubuntu automatically update by itself like Windows or Mac OS X?

If you installed Skype from the repositories, you'll get updates when the repo maintainers release the update; typically days or weeks after Skype issues an update.  If you installed Skype direct from the Skype site (either the tarball method or the .deb download), then it'll update when Skype issues updates, which, however, is significantly less frequent for Linux than for Windows.


Why does KDE (Plasma) treat the VMware Workstation 15 window differently from all other windows?

I upgraded to Ubuntu 18.04 and the problem disappeared.

I also found a workaround in 16.04, but it's a hack. You can check the checkbox View > Customize > Toolbar, which causes the VMware Toolbar to be displayed. The toolbar is overlaid on the menu bar and somehow prevents the problem. This hack works as long as Preferences > Display > Combine toolbar with menubar in windowed mode is checked. If it's unchecked, then the toolbar doesn't overlay the menubar and you'll still have the mouse problem.


Settings xorg.conf to be used with VESA driver?

First, I would not install 9.10 (karmic) especially not as "brand new  installation" since its support ends within about two months: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Ubuntu_releases#Release_history

Second: modern Xorg releases have the goal to work without any configuration file, just run-time detection is enough in most cases. Sure, if there is /etc/X11/xorg.conf it will be used still. You can generate one with Xorg -configure command (as root, of course from a text VT, not from running X), and you may modify it a bit later then, if you need to customize it. As far as I remember that command will generate the config file in your home with name like xorg.conf.new, so you need to move it to the right place too.


What happens when you force quit a `mv` directory operation between two disks?

When moving a directory, all of it's contents are copied before the original gets deleted. In other words, yes, it is safe to interrupt a mv command when moving a single source, such as a directory - even though it might have files and subdirectories, it's still a single source.

Note that this is not the case when moving multiple sources with one command, such as:

mv a.txt b.txt /somewhere/else/
mv *.txt /somewhere/else/

In these examples, files will be moved one by one, so if you interrupt the command, you will not find the files that were already moved in their original place.


How can i clone my current installation of ubuntu 13.04 amd64 with UEFI to make live image/CD

You unmount the ISO. You install the ISO on a virtual machine such as VirtualBox. Then you copy the file to wherever you want.


After Repairing Deleted Kernel, why would GRUB still not boot into Linux

Ok, so follow these steps:

Boot up a Live Ubuntu.
Open a terminal and switch to a root user.
Create your chroot dir

mkdir /tmp/chroot

Mount your HDD to the chroot dir

mount /dev/sda1 /tmp/chroot adjust the 1 to whichever partition your root folder was on.

Mount the other necessaties.

mount -t proc proc /tmp/chroot/proc/

mount -t sysfs sys /tmp/chroot/sys/

mount -o bind /dev /tmp/chroot/dev/

Chroot into that folder now.

chroot /tmp/chroot

Install the generic kernel you need

apt install linux-generic

If it didn't run the update grub run them yourself.

update-grub2

Reboot the system and enjoy ubuntu again.


Read man ssh, and use either the -X or -Y options.

https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/bionic/en/man1/ssh.1.html


How to restrict particular Package/Software to Update\Upgrade?

This worked for me

sudo apt-mark hold <package-name>

It will no update/upgrade from command-line, and if you need to do it, you can from software center.

More detailed instructions here


This error means that you're missing a library package. This should get you running:

Update apt:
$ sudo apt update

Install the library package that contains libmysqlclient.so.18:
$ sudo apt install libmysqlclient18

(Optional) Restart MySQL:
$ sudo service mysql restart

This should be all you need to do


Join two files, adding values in certain columns

Use awk

awk 'NR==FNR{ seen[$1FS$2]=$3FS$4; next } { print $0, seen[$6FS$7] }' file2 file1

and to delete empty lines from output:

awk 'NR==FNR{ seen[$1FS$2]=$3FS$4; next } NF{ print $0, seen[$6FS$7] }' file2 file1

or a little whitespace and sensible variables names go a long way toward readability. Also, take advantage of using a comma in the array key

awk '
    NR == FNR {value[$1,$2] = $3 OFS $4; next}
    {print $0, value[$6,$7]}
' file2.txt file1.txt

NR is set to 1 when the first record read by awk and incrementing for each next records reading either in single or multiple input files until all read finished.
FNR is set to 1 when the first record read by awk and incrementing for each next records reading in current file and reset back to 1 for the next input file if multiple input files.
so NR == FNR is always a true condition and the block followed by this will perform actions on first file only.
The seen is an associated awk array with the key combination of column$1 and column$2 with the value of column$3 and column$4.
The next token skips to executing rest of the commands and those will only execute actually for next file(s) except first.
NF; presetting Number of Fields in a record where fields are known and separated with a Field Separator FS; so FS between columns there is used to intact the fields separator or you could use comma , within array instead.
so this NF{ print $0, seen[$6FS$7] }, print the current record $0 in file1 and the value matched with column$6 and column$7 present in the array seen when that was not an empty line.


UEFI Ubuntu installation no longer boots after moving a partition

Your installation is very strange:

Your partition table is MBR, which almost always indicates a BIOS-mode boot. In the case of Windows, MBR requires a BIOS-mode boot.
You've got the Windows boot loader installed in the MBR.
Your first partition has a FAT filesystem and contains EFI boot loaders, apparently for both Linux and Windows (although the Windows files might actually be copies of GRUB created by Boot Repair). Note that EFI is not BIOS, so there's an inconsistency with the first two points.
Your first partition's type code is 0x83, which is normally used only by Linux. Its contents imply that it's an EFI System Partition (ESP), though. An MBR ESP should have a type code of 0xEF.
You have no obvious NTFS partitions, so if there's a Windows installation involved, it's not clear where it is. The presence of both BIOS and EFI Windows boot loaders is therefore puzzling, although perhaps explicable.

If I had to guess, I'd say you had a Windows installation, but you installed Ubuntu over it, and that you either converted from a BIOS-mode boot to boot in EFI mode or you installed in EFI mode and then changed the partition table from GPT to MBR.

For recovery, my first advice is to proceed cautiously. Your installation is strange enough that you could easily make matters worse if you start making random changes. When you make changes, begin with changes you can easily undo. Part of proceeding cautiously is to use an emergency boot disc to back up any important personal data from your disk. A mistake or unidentified problem could easily result in actual data loss, so you should be prepared for that with a backup.

One cautious way to proceed is to try using the USB flash drive or CD-R version of my rEFInd boot manager to see if it will boot your system. It should boot it, assuming the OS itself is in order. If rEFInd can boot your OS, then you can proceed to make adjustments to your partition table (described shortly). If not, then you should start investigating the possibility of filesystem corruption or accidentally-damaged files. Reporting the details of what shows up in the rEFInd menu, and what happens when you select each option, may be helpful in providing further advice in this case.

If rEFInd can boot Ubuntu, I'd start by changing the type code of /dev/sda1 from 0x83 to 0xEF. You can do this in fdisk by using the t option. You might then be able to get it to boot by adjusting items in your firmware, by re-installing GRUB (grub-install), or by installing rEFInd to your hard disk. It's at least as likely, though, that you'll need to convert your MBR disk to GPT form. You can do this with gdisk; see here for detailed instructions. This conversion is reversible, but not as easily as a change to the first partition's type code, so I'd start with that simple step first. After converting from MBR to GPT, you'll almost certainly have to setup or re-install GRUB or install rEFInd to your hard disk to get the system booting.


Error in playing a sound using ALSA inside LXC container

I was able to play sounds finally inside the lxc container.

First, I have to make sure that lxc device cgroup is enabled for sound devices.
You can do this by adding the following in the container config file:

#Sound device nodes
lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 116:* rwm

lxc.mount.entry = /dev/snd dev/snd none bind,optional,create=dir

Next, since I am using ALSA on host system to play sounds and want to use the alsa again inside the lxc container, make sure that the alsa configuration file is copied inside the container.

I copied the alsa config file from host at location /etc/asound.conf inside the lxc container. The reason for doing this is because the alsalib inside the container has to have the same configration to use as the host machine.

After this , I was able to play sounds inside the container. I tested this by running the following :

aplay /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Rear_Right.wav


Two gedit plugins clash. How to change shortcut keys, or enable/disable a plugin

I wrote the following python script (download) that enables/disables the Multi-edit plugin:
#!/usr/env/python

import re
import commands

active_plugins = commands.getoutput("gconftool --get /apps/gedit-2/plugins/active-plugins")

r1 = re.compile(r'multi_edit')

if r1.search(active_plugins):
    # Disable multi-edit plugin
    active_plugins = re.sub("multi_edit,|,multi_edit","", active_plugins)

else:
    # Enable multi-edit plugin
    active_plugins = re.sub("]",",multi_edit]", active_plugins)

commands.getoutput("gconftool --set --type=list --list-type=string /apps/gedit-2/plugins/active-plugins "+active_plugins)

To toggle Multi-edit with a keyboard shortcut:

Save the script as toggle-multi-edit.py in your home folder.

Open up System → Preferences → Keyboard Shortcuts. Click Add and put python /home/<user>/toggle-multi-edit.py for the Command, replacing <user> with your actual username.


Hibernate when lid is closed laptop 14.04

The pm-is-supported command (see man pm-is-supported) will tell you which suspend/hibernate modes are supported by your hardware. Do this:

for i in suspend hibernate suspend-hybrid ; do
    echo -ne "$i\t"
    pm-is-supported --$i
    [[ $? -eq 0 ]] || echo "Not Supported" && echo "Supported"
done

If pm-is-supported --hibernate returns a status (in $?) of 1, your hardware does NOT support hibernation.


Does gnome-character-map include any math symbols?

In Character Map menu, View > By Unicode Block.

Then select "Mathematical Operators" in the list at the left.


How can I power-off the LCD on my Thinkpad?

Try the following command in shell:

xset dpms force off

If it works then set it as a keyboard shortcut in Gnome preferences panel.


Thinkpad Edge 15 - Wake from hibernation issues after upgrade to 11.10

You could start debugging by looking at /var/log/pm-*.log and the scripts in the pm-utils package (dpkg -l pm-utils). "pm" stands for Power Management, and is invoked for each hibernate/wake/suspend/resume. Do you have encrypted swap? suspend/resume has trouble with that.


Conjure-up and Kubernetes, how do I connect?

Conjure-up uses the modeling software Juju under the covers, which includes the ability to ssh into machines it deploys.

I just tried this here on a xenial system.

sudo snap install conjure-up --classic
conjure-up

After deploying CDK with conjure-up to the substrate of your choosing, you should be able to use juju to list and connected to the nodes it deployed.  Some helpful commands below.

juju models
juju status
juju ssh 4       # connect to machine 4
juju ssh etcd/0  # connect to etcd unit 0


How do I put the top panel on an external monitor in GNOME3?

Run the Displays preferences app (Menu, type "disp", click on "Displays". Right-click on the rectangles representing your monitors, and you can drag them around to your heart's content.


Meta package / quick reference for command line string manipulation tools?

Ubuntu (and possibly other distros) ships with a lot of documentation by default. Especially the info stuff is very useful, take the time for reading those.

Documentation about text and file manipulation, which also has an extended page on file permissions:

info coreutils

Use the arrow keys to scroll through the pages (or page up/down). For more commands, press h for help. If you're on a menu item, press Enter to navigate to the section.

For a list of help available for info, just invocate info without arguments.

Almost every command has an own so-called "manpage" (manual page), that can be viewed using the man command. If you would like to learn more about the awk command, run man awk. Not all pages are about commands. For example, information about the Linux filesystem hierarchy can be viewed with man hier.


Gnome Nautilus - How to add directory to the index so it can be "starred"

Nautilus uses Tracker to index the files in the system. We can use tracker command to add new files or directory.
tracker index --help

NAME
       tracker-index - List, pause, resume and command data miners indexing content

SYNOPSIS
       tracker index --reindex-mime-type <mime1> [[-m [mime2]] ...]
       tracker index --file <file1> [[file2] ...]
       tracker index --import <file1> [[file2] ...]
       tracker index --backup <file> | --restore <file>

Check current indexed folders and files:
tracker status

Currently indexed: 373 files, 49 folders
Remaining space on database partition: 234.0 GB (55.50%)
All data miners are idle, indexing complete

For instance if you want to index this additional folder /home/user/newfolder
tracker index --file /home/user/newfolder

# Confirm that the new folder has been indexed.
# Should output more files and folders than before.
tracker status


Beware of putting /var/spool/ on tmpfs!

User CRON JOBS are stored under /var/spool/ on Ubuntu!

If you put /var/spool/ on tmpfs you will not be able to have any user cron jobs because they will be erased on every shutdown.

The system crontab however is located in /etc/crontab and is edited directly NOT with the crontab -e command. found this out the hard way :-(


To install pipelight run the below commands on terminal,

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:pipelight/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pipelight-multi

source: http://fds-team.de/cms/pipelight-installation.html


How to disable "Available" on the Application display?

This problems needs to be reported as a feature request/bug to the unity bug tracker:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/unity

Because the solution will be to have a code solution or improve the speed of apt-cache.


How do I update an application that's installed using Ubuntu Make?

You can not update via make .

If you are already using Android Studio, you can update via the built in Update mechanism (Check For Updates); make sure you switch to the canary or beta channels if you're not being offered an update.

To configure automatic update settings, see the Updates dialog of your IDE Preferences or settings. You can then switch to either the canary or beta channels. (The default is "stable" but probably that one fails to automatically inform of updates).


This isn't possible with normal configuration. You have to edit the scripts that are run during grub-update. Take a look at this article. The essentials:

Open /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober with root rights for editing.
Change the line linux ${LKERNEL} ${LPARAMS} to linux ${LKERNEL} ${LPARAMS} ${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT}
run sudo update-grub again

You can also use your own variable for this. For details consider the linked article.


useradd: cannot lock /etc/subuid; try again later

I had that error just one moment ago, and finally I've resolved.
I did this:

1- Try $ sudo useradd nickname.

2- The response, if you have the error, should be like this: 'useradd: existing lock file /etc/subgid.lock without a PID
useradd: cannot lock /etc/subgid, please try again.'

3- Now you have to remove all the files that are making the error, they are, in my case subgid.lock. (You can see that in the response says 'existing lock file /etc/subgid.lock', so you have to remove all files that is put in the response). Do this: $ sudo mv subgid.lock /home/youruser/subuid.lock.sav. Substituting subgid.lock for your error file.

4- Try again $ sudo useradd nickname. If shows other error file, remove it. If no more error files are there, you should get now the new user.

This was very useful for me, so I hope that you can fix the problem =). And sorry for my english because I'm spanish. Good bye and good luck.


How can I disable alt+click window dragging?

In 14.04 (or 14.10, 15.04, 15.10, 16.04), to set the default key / value:

dconf write /org/gnome/desktop/wm/preferences/mouse-button-modifier  '"<Alt>"'

You can give it a (limited number of) other value(s), but DON'T set it to none like you could in the past. Nor should you set it to an empty string,  Doing either will give you some trouble getting control over your mouse back, as I found out...

The practical value of this information is quite limited, since not many alternative keys are accepted. I found only Shift and Super to be working, which I doubt will give you the solution you'd like to have.

Of course you can use dconf-editor as well:

org>gnome>desktop>wm>preferences


Upgrading from 13.10 to 14.04 without losing all files?

Ubuntu has already answered this question on their very own site.

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/upgrade


QBittorrent not working on on Ubuntu 12.04

The problem that you're having, is that people aren't seeding.  You'd need to go back to where the torrent file was downloaded, and ask for a reseed.


The 64 bit libraries are found in /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu  and the 32 bit libs are in /lib/i386-linux-gnu


Does the Epson Perfection V600 Photo Scanner or V550 Work with SANE

Update for people looking for the answer: it seems Epson updated the package and now provides a "single install" package. (http://support.epson.net/linux/en/iscan.php?model=perfection-v550&version=1.0.0) This is a .tar.gz with the .deb files mentioned by Gerhard Kulzer and an install.sh script to install the packages in the right order:

tar xaf iscan-perfection-v550-bundle-1.0.0.x64.deb.tar.gz
cd iscan-perfection-v550-bundle-1.0.0.x64.deb
sudo sh install.sh


Unless the image is a scan[1], there is no "actual" size, there is at best an intended print size. Your image has a size in pixels, and its print size depends on the ratio of pixels per unit of length, usually expressed as pixels per inch or PPI[2]. This ratio is called the print definition, and it kept as image metadata. In Gimp you can set it in Image>Print size, but keep in mind that a low print definition corresponds to low image quality, if there is text you should use at least 150PPI.

If by "actual size" you mean the size on your screen, then it's not the actual size but Gimp using the print definition of your screen (usually around 100-120PPI, unless you have a high def display) because Gimp displays the image "dot-for-dot" (one pixel of the image is mapped to exactly on pixel of the display). To make the image on your screen the same physical size as in print:

make sure Gimp has a good estimate of your screen definition: Edit>Preferences>Display>Monitor resolution
tell Gimp to not use "dot-for-dot": uncheck View>Dot for dot

Some more warnings:

the default print definition is usually 72PPI (perhaps because it was the display definition of most CRT displays).
The printer usually requires a print definition higher than your display, so unless you check the above the printed image will likely look smaller that the one on the screen.

[1] if the image is a scan, the scanner software has set the proper print definition in the image metadata.

[2] dots per inch, or DPI, is also used but this is misleading since inkjet printers use several dots of color to make a single color pixel.


Should I use KUbuntu or Ubuntu 16.04 for KDE Plasma desktop environment?

Kubuntu is what you want.

Kubuntu is just Ubuntu, but without Unity and with KDE instead; that's why it's called Kubuntu. (KDE Ubuntu)

Ubuntu has nothing to do with KDE. You can install it, but you'll have to switch from Unity, and you'll run into theme issues.

I'm not sure where the confusion is honestly :p. I'm pretty sure Kubuntu says it uses KDE.


Connecting to server using xrdp leads to grayed out screen

The xrdp and grey screen is a known issue.  As far as I know, no fix has been provided yet with Ubuntu and gnome-session.  To have xrdp working with Ubuntu, you have to perform the following process

step 1 : install xrdp package

sudo apt-get install xrdp

step 2 : install alternate desktop (in this example - we install mate-desktop).

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mate-core mate-desktop-environment mate-notification-daemon

Step 3 : tell the system to use mate-desktop interface when connecting through xrdp.from terminal session, type the following command

sudo sed -i.bak ‘/fi/a #xrdp multiple users configuration \n echo mate-session >~/.xsession \n’ /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh**

Full instructions and details about this issue can be found here.


boot linux on separate drive from xp (not dual boot)

If you want to keep it completely separate, disconnect the two windows drives during ubuntu installation. That way, grub will install to the MBR of the ubuntu drive and the other two will go untouched.

No, nothing on the MOBO will be changed.

Also, most of the time, you can enter the boot settings during startup and there will be a choice of hard drives so you can choose the ubuntu drive during regular startup from there after installation.


Does Chromium web browser store passwords more securely than Firefox?

Chromium integrates with Gnome Keyring. So you have to (re-)enter your password when starting the browser to be able to access your stored passwords. Firefox doesn't integrate with Gnome Keyring, however:

Firefox doesn't store your passwords in plain text.
Firefox saves the passwords in your profile, so different user accounts on your PC shouldn't be able to view your passwords.

Take into account though, that keeping any personal data safe (inlcuding the Firefox profile stored in your home dir) is extremely difficult as soon as others have physical access to your PC. If you are worried about that, make sure to have a strong password on your user account, set a master password in Firefox and think about encrypting your home directory.


formatting and mounting a 32 TB RAID 50 disk

You need to use the GUID Partition Table (GPT) on such a large disk. In Linux, there are two families of programs that support GPT:

The libparted library, which is used by parted, GParted, and several others, supports both GPT and the older MBR.
The GPT fdisk family (gdisk, sgdisk, and cgdisk) is a GPT-only tool. It's installed as part of the gdisk package in Ubuntu.

In addition, fdisk has recently gained GPT support, but even Ubuntu 14.04 uses a version that's old enough that it lacks this support.

As to filesystems, XFS, JFS, and ext4fs can all handle such a big volume. So can Btrfs, but it's so new that I don't think I'd recommend it. Chances are this is a pretty important project, so you should research the differences between these filesystems for your specific needs.


Creating thumbnails with the same name as the pictures

According to the ImageMagick documentation,

  The ImageMagick command line consists of

  one or more required input filenames.
  zero, one, or more image settings.
  zero, one, or more image operators.
  zero, one, or more image sequence operators.
  zero, one, or more image stacks.
  zero or one output image filenames (required by convert, composite, montage, compare, import, conjure).

So you need to have the original image parameter before the -thumbnail 100 command.

To only run convert if the file exists, you need to add an if test.

Also, in the for loop you have for i in *.jpg but then in the convert command you have pictures/$i. Unless I misunderstand what you're doing, these should both be the same, as I've done in my example script. If you want the thumbs directory inside the pictures directory, remove the ../ part from the convert command and if test. You will need to run this from the pictures directory, or if you don't want to, you can add cd pictures to the start of the script.

So, the script should be something like this:

#! /bin/bash

for i in *.jpg; do
    if [ "$i" -nt "../thumbs/$i" ]; then
        convert "$i" -thumbnail 100 "../thumbs/$i";
    fi
done;


Is it free to create an Ubuntu One Account?

Refer to the Fees and payment section of the Ubuntu One TOS at https://login.ubuntu.com/terms/#fees-and-payment:

  The Ubuntu One services consist of a free and paid subscriptions. An
  Ubuntu One subscription is required for all services and a valid
  credit card is required for paid subscriptions.

You have a free subscription. Without providing a credit card, you can't get a paid subscription.

  If you purchase content or applications from us, payment for content
  or applications is due at the time you purchase the content or
  application. You will be asked to enter your credit card number and we
  will charge your credit card at the time of purchase.

You'll know if you get charged since payment won't happen silently.


How do I add the "user and groups" application?

You're probably talking about Gnome System Tools, is a set of tools manage your system.  It includes, Users and groups, Date and time, Network configuration, and others.

Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

sudo apt-get install gnome-system-tools


This might not be a perfect or ideal solution, but if you download the .deb for the previous ubuntu release (15.04), it seems to install just fine on 15.10. A program that depended on it started working immediately after I installed it.

http://packages.ubuntu.com/vivid/amd64/libxp6/download


Error Installing Canon MX920 drivers - dpkg: dependency problems

You are not doing anything wrong. The problem is that this driver package is not compatible with Ubuntu 18.04, as it requires (among others) the package libpng12-0, which is currently only available in 14.04 and 16.04.

You can contact Canon support to let them know of the problem, and/or install Ubuntu 16.04 (14.04 will reach end-of-life soon).


Execute script before Ubuntu system get shutdown

The way to do this best is to have your script "myscript.sh" in the /etc/init.d/ folder.

Then, make a symbolic link in /etc/rc0.d/ pointing to /etc/init.d/myscript.sh.  You use the ln command to make the link.  The command format for the symbolic link you want is:

ln -s < target> < link name>

or

ln -s /etc/init.d/myscript.sh /etc/rc0.d/S05pra.sh

Then when shutdown starts, the contents of "myscript.sh" will be run.

The scripts are run in numeric order so 05 would run before 99.  Also, I would recommend calling it S##myscript.sh since you are not killing the myscript.sh service, but instead doing something new at shutdown.


how to set MAAS for "power type" on VM created with VMware Fusion

If you using MAAS version 2.1, The power type for VMs are created in VMware is VMware.

You can choose Virsh which your VMs are created in KVM Hypervisor.

You can look at this documentation.

Hopely can help you.


Getting VNC server to work over ubuntu 16.04 with Gnome

Ubuntu comes with default remote sharing, to enable that just execute vino-preferences in terminal and enable remote sharing with password.


How to clean a hard drive before reinstall

If you refer to a fresh reinstall, when reinstalling you will find several options for the usage of your hard disk drive, which includes but not limits to:

"Side by Side" install, which will install your new OS sharing the hard disk drive but without losing your current installation. This way, GRUB will be updated or installed as required.

"Use the entire disk" which will physically erase the whole disk in order to use all its space for the new OS install.

If what you wish is to use the hard disk drive for a data tasks such as BackUp or other data handling, you can achieve that by first erasing the whole partition and do it from scratch. Formatting the disk will also do the trick.

Several tools will help you to achieve this task in Linux and other OS's.

In Maverick, under "system/administration" you will find a "Disk Utility", inside of which you will find a disk drive and other devices tree on the left and its characteristics and tool list in the right side, where you can find both "Delete Partition" and "Format Drive" options.

You can do this from a Live Session.

A screenshot is placed here for your convenience.


How to actually boot Ubuntu once installed?

First of all it looks like you downloaded an OEM version of Ubuntu.

I suggest installing a normal version from www.ubuntu.com.

Also after you installed Ubuntu you need to boot from your HDD, not from the installation media. You need to set it up in bios or just remove the installation media when you are prompted to reboot.


xdotool Does Not Work With Gnome Keyboard Shortcuts

• First note that, for the Ctrl+F10 to work, the file pane must be active. For me, for example, the shortcut does not work when starting up Files, because the keyboard focus is in the left bar. So when testing, ensure that the file pane is in focus.
• For me, what works more reliably than -clearmodifiers is to explicitly clear the shortcut you assign to the command. Instead, I would rather insert a keyup command, as in:
xdotool keyup ctrl+alt+shift+t key ctrl+F10 e

With these two precautions, I believe it should work, although it is sometimes needed to insert a small delay:
xdotool keyup ctrl+alt+shift+t sleep 0.2 key ctrl+F10 e

Experiment with the value of the sleep command: perhaps it must be longer than 0.2 s.
Some related remarks
You are asking what could be considered an XY question here. Your real problem, X, is how to assign a custom shortcut to "Open terminal here" in Nautilus. You however ask about problem Y, which is about what you think is the best solution to solve problem X.
Unfortunately, methods to do so have systematically been broken. Up to Files in Ubuntu 20.04, you still could conveniently work around with the ~/.config/nautilus/scripts-accels file, where you could define a shortcut to a nautilus script. That approach also does not anymore work in Ubuntu 20.10. So I encourage you to continue exploring this option. However, you would better work with a script that first checks whether the current window is nautilus before activating the xdotool command. Gnome shortcut definitions are global, and are triggered also when you are in a different application.


It might be because you have a low amount of RAM. And I believe LibreOffice does take a good junk of RAM, so upgrading RAM might help (4 GB should be fine) Also Use Startup Applications to check what useless applications are running when you turn on computer.


Cant get RTL8125 Realtek driver working on version 20.04

I have now resolved the issue.
In the end I downloaded the “GBE Ethernet LINUX driver r8168 for kernel up to 5.6” driver from the Realtek website, instead of the 2.5GB driver and running the ./autorun.sh command as root worked.


can't run executables ".x86" on ubuntu 14.04

Run this command to make the file executable:

chmod +x <path_to_file>/GAME\ OF\ THE\ YEAR\ 420BLAZEIT.x86

and if that does not work:

sudo chmod +x <path_to_file>/GAME\ OF\ THE\ YEAR\ 420BLAZEIT.x86

and run with this command:

<path_to_file>/GAME\ OF\ THE\ YEAR\ 420BLAZEIT.x86

or with this command:

cd <path_to_file>
./GAME\ OF\ THE\ YEAR\ 420BLAZEIT.x86


Is it possible to create Ubuntu Persistent Storage file on a hard disk

Yes, there are basically three ways to run Ubuntu:

live-only booted from a DVD disk or USB drive
persistent live booted from a DVD disk or USB drive
Installed system (installed into internal drive or external drive (USB hard disk drive or pendrive or eSATA drive).

If I understand correctly, you are thinking about 'persistent live drive', and yes, you can create such a system in a USB hard disk drive (even in an internal hard disk drive), if you use mkusb. The partition for persistence will be created in the target drive (in the drive where the operating system is installed), but you can change that manually afterwards. The overlay system for persistence will search for a file/partition with the name/label 'casper-rw', and can find it in another drive too.

See the following links.

help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb
help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb/persistent

But you should also consider 'Installed system in a USB hard disk drive' according to the following link and links from it,

Boot Ubuntu from external drive


Following the Tutorial from your Link (It is also shown in the video)

The microSDHC may be presented on any /dev/sdX so use the command lsblk to check.

Just use the Device name and not the partition. So just

/dev/mmcblk0


qemu -cdrom ubuntu.iso -boot d -m 1024 -curses

this works

append boot=casper toram initrd=/casper/initrd.img nomodeset


No space left on device even after deleting files

cd /
du -h --max-depth=1

That will give you an idea of where the space is used. Go for a deeper max-depth if you want, or cd down the tree and run it again to get more info etc. It is likely that by deleting hundreds of MB all you did was free up more space to be consumed by a log file or something else. Find the source of the space usage, fix any problems that are causing the space usage etc and remove files that are using the space. At a glance bleachbits seems to focus on clearing temp files, cookies etc. I don't know that it looks through the whole directory structure.


How to enable drag and drop with trackpad in Ubuntu 14.04

Here is what you have to do :

Click on the Settings Icon in the top-right-most of the panel (on the right of Time)
Click on System Settings
Go to, Mouse & Touchpad
Check the Tap to Click and you're done !


Preparing an old Windows XP computer for Xubuntu and installing it

1) Do I download and create .exe file on media of XFCE or Xubuntu?

You need to visit http://xubuntu.org/ and download the latest .iso file (currently 16.04 LTS) . Then you can burn it to either a DVD or USB Pen Drive depending on your choice of media. There are many available tools for former method and for latter you can use UNetBootin or similar software.

  2) Is XFCE something you install AFTER Xubuntu, or does it include Xubuntu?

Nope, Xubuntu already includes the XFCE Desktop.

  3) Should I leave WinXP on computer, then install OS which will let me wipe drive before installing new OS?

You can edit existing partitions using gparted to keep XP in a dual boot setup, but I don't recommend that as XP is no longer supported. Better backup your entire data and perform a clean installation of Xubuntu.

  4) If there is a great installer guide that answers these questions, point me that way! If not, details appreciated.

http://ubuntuhandbook.org is a good one, though I haven't tried it personally. However, a simple Google Search or a search on AskUbuntu should answer any question you may have. Best of Luck.


In short, Canonical (the company behind Ubuntu) earns money from it's free and open source operating system from:

Paid Professional Support (like the one Redhat Inc. offers to corporate customers)
The Landscape  software
Donations
Income from the Ubuntu shop, like T-shirts, accessories as well as CD packs - discontinued
Business Servers
The Ubuntu One Service -
discontinued
Ubuntu's Software Center section for paid software (Canonical earns a part of that money)

You can also take a look at How does Ubuntu make money?


Web page launching manipulation automatically

To launch application like Firefox after startup, use Ubuntu's Startup Applications Preferences, accessible from Dash.
For automation inside Firefox you may use something like iMacros for Firefox
To reboot the box on regular basis, set up a cron job


QEMU warning: "Image format was not specified for 'flash0.img' and probing guessed raw."

This is no error, just a warning. As your virtual flash disks are raw devices (created by dd), qemu-system is not able guessing the disk format. Therefore writes to block 0 (which might be the MBR or some superblock of a filesystem) are restricted, as the message says.

To overcome this, you might specify the disk format as format=raw; the definition then should read

sudo qemu-system-arm -m 1024 -cpu cortex-a57 -M virt -nographic -drive file=flash0.img,format=raw,if=pflash -drive file=flash1.img,format=raw,if=pflash -drive if=none,file=xenial-server-cloudimg-arm64-uefi1.img,id=hd0 -device virtio-blk-device,drive=hd0 -device virtio-net-device,netdev=net0,mac=$randmac -netdev type=tap,id=net0


Wireless (Broadcom) just stopped working after putting machine to sleep!

Hmm.. it seems a restart of the router has sorted the issue.


Ubuntu Install And Data Recovery From Windows

I assume you have Six partition and partition one has windows 7 and some free space

yes you can resize
yes it is safe to install
it would be safer to remove the other two drives for safety reason

or to be 100+ percent sure,

burn ubuntu on a dics, remove all inter hard drives and install it on a usb drive and boot from usb... install dropbox and other cloud service and back up data

or pay up here on crashplan http://www.crashplan.com/consumer/crashplan.html and backup data from live usb and do all the risky business


Tab autocomplete in bash does not work for directories but does work for programs Ubuntu 16.04

@thomas-ward
Since my previous answer was changed to comments and I don't have the rep to add a comment, I'll just add another answer and leave it to you to change. Sorry.

@kaplan
Looking at the root file system line of df

Filesystem                      1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg-root               3566896 3366004         0 100% /

The Available block count is 0. This is the free space for files on the volume.

3566896 is the 1k-blocks count which is the total size of the volume (used + free + reserved)


Virtualbox - win7 - hard drive virtualisation -dual boot

Try this link? https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VirtualBox/SharedFolders

Use a folder in the shared partition or Windows 7 partition as shared folder?


Running Ubuntu 12.04 LTS E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) linux-image-3.13.0-95-generic

Looks like you can not install this kernel because your CPU is not compatible!

This kernel does not support a non-PAE CPU.

There's nothing you can do except not to install this kernel linux-image-3.13.0-95-generic which got backported from Trusty (14.04) or upgrading your CPU hardware.


Run specific command in specific instance of terminal window

There is a command line tool called xdotool that allows you to mimic key-presses, commands, etc. using the process ID, process type, class, or name.

I was able to differentiate the different terminal instances by PID, and even rename them. So instead of having your current user and directory at the top of the window, it would have the unique name you set (e.g A, B, and C). And xdotool uses this as an identifier. Can be easier than remembering the ~10 digit PID.

So in terminal A, you can tell xdotool to mimic the key-presses for a certain command, and have them execute in terminal C. You should be able to put these commands in scripts, as well.

Here is the project site

Tested out some scripts, works pretty well. I was able to have A tell B to run a local server. In the same script, I used xdotool’s delay function so that B tells C to run a script to end the server process in B. So it seems like you can get pretty complex with it.

The only annoyance is that the standard terminal doesn’t receive the commands or key presses unless it’s the active window. Just one extra command works around this fine, but not ideal. Xterm has a setting that will let it receive commands when not the active window.


Screen saver just won't die in Mythbuntu after upgrade to 12.04

A few things you try

Verify you don't have gnome-screensaver installed

apt-get remove gnome-screensaver
You could remove xscreensaver

apt-get remove xscreensaver

You can also check in

/home/USER/.xsession-errors

and see if there is anything indicating why it may be broken (it's dying when trying to start).

A quick search shows an older post from 2009 with a similar issue. I've copied the relevant section of the same file from my Mythbuntu 12.04 machine below. You may want to check the same section in your file.

From /etc/xdg/xfce4/xinitrc

# launch a screensaver if enabled.  do not launch if we're root or if
# we're in a VNC session.
screensaver_enabled=`xfconf-query -c xfce4-session -p /startup/screensaver/enabled 2> /dev/null`
if test $UID -gt 0 -a -z "$VNCSESSION" -a "$screensaver_enabled" != "false"; then
    screensaver_type=`xfconf-query -c xfce4-session -p /startup/screensaver/type 2> /dev/null`

    case "$screensaver_type" in
        xscreensaver)
            xscreensaver -no-splash &
            ;;

        gnome-screensaver)
            gnome-screensaver &
            ;;

        *)
            if test x"`which xscreensaver 2>/dev/null`" != x""; then
                xscreensaver -no-splash &
            elif test x"`which gnome-screensaver 2>/dev/null`" != x""; then
                gnome-screensaver &
            fi
            ;;
    esac
fi


Can't install or remove anything anymore

first aid.

sudo mv /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/vdfuse $HOME

Moves file in your $HOME then run

sudo dpkg --configure -a && sudo apt -f install

Identify the package

dpkg -S /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/vdfuse

This will only work, when the package is installed with apt or dpkg. If so remove it with

sudo dpkg -P packagename


How can I successfully install Ubuntu on Asus Vivobook s15?

There seem to be problems with the graphics drivers (typical for Ubuntu and Linux in general).
Try to install the correct drivers. Be sure to use the open source versions, otherwise Ubuntu will cause even more problems.
If that doesn't work, try a different kernel.
Sometimes the graphics drivers work better with another kernel version and are installed correctly, then every kernel should be able to use the graphics card correctly.
Try to install some older and some newer kernels and just try all of them, you will surely succeed sometime.
Good luck!


"Server refused our key" when logging into Ubuntu on EC2 as a different user

Yes the keypair is tied to the ubuntu user. After you create the new users, you'll need to put the key you want to use in $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys .. Its a little complicated, as you also need to make sure the $HOME/.ssh has secure permissions

chmod 0700 $HOME/.ssh

and that the authorized_keys file also has secure permissions

chmod 0600 $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys

One trick is to just copy the ubuntu user's key file to the new users if you just want to use the same key.

sudo cp -arf /home/ubuntu/.ssh /home/myuser/.ssh
chown -R myuser.myuser /home/myuser/.ssh

If you setup a password for those new users (not recommended actually.. password brute force attacks of SSH servers are rampant on the internet) you can also do this from your client machine:

ssh-copy-id user@host

Which will handle all of the permissions for you. Also if you store your key in your Launchpad.net account, you can do

ssh-import-id your-launchpad-user

And it will pull your key from launchpad (this command was renamed to ssh-import-id in 11.04 and later).


grep PKCS#7 /var/log/syslog

Feb  6 01:12:06 yuri-GE60-2QD kernel: [    1.385519] PKCS#7 signature not signed with a trusted key
Feb  6 01:12:06 yuri-GE60-2QD kernel: [    1.403128] PKCS#7 signature not signed with a trusted key
Feb  6 01:12:06 yuri-GE60-2QD kernel: [    1.404485] PKCS#7 signature not signed with a trusted key
Feb  6 01:12:06 yuri-GE60-2QD kernel: [   34.213590] PKCS#7 signature not signed with a trusted key
Feb  6 08:50:24 yuri-GE60-2QD kernel: [    1.116140] PKCS#7 signature not signed with a trusted key
Feb  6 08:50:24 yuri-GE60-2QD kernel: [    1.142025] PKCS#7 signature not signed with a trusted key
Feb  6 08:50:24 yuri-GE60-2QD kernel: [    1.143222] PKCS#7 signature not signed with a trusted key
Feb  6 08:50:24 yuri-GE60-2QD kernel: [   33.747217] PKCS#7 signature not signed with a trusted key


facebook unable to load/work properly in linux

I just figured out the solution to this problem together with technical support.

You have to change the connection protocol from UDP to TCP and set the port from 9120 to 80. That did the trick for me. Now everything runs smoth and I have no further errors.

I hope this help you guys out.


GRUB complains of "no such partition" after installing 12:04

To repair the Grub bootloader, try these steps.

1 - Live CD

First, you'll need to boot from a Ubuntu Live CD.

2 - Repair the bootloader

Open a terminal from the Live CD, and run the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair
boot-repair

After a few seconds, Boot Repair's main window will open.

Click on Recommended repair.

You're done!

Reboot to test everything out.

If everything went well, you should be up and running now. If not, keep going.

Command-line version

If the above fails, you can also use the command line (from a Live CD) to reinstall Grub.

Important: Replace sda1 with the partiton that contains Ubuntu and sda with the drive that contains Ubuntu's partition

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/sda
*edit* at this point, also ensure that if /usr and /var are on seperate partitions that you mount them to /mnt/usr and /mnt/var
*edit 2* whithin the chroot you need to have /dev /run and /proc available for update-grub to work, use the following to acheive that: for i in /sys /proc /run /dev; do sudo mount --bind "$i" "/mnt$i"; done
sudo chroot /mnt
sudo update-grub
sudo reboot


Installation problems in Ubuntu 12.04: cannot resize partition

I read somewhere that there is a 1 MB issue in the ubuntu installer...i.e You need to select 1MB more in the partition than what it currently has, and the same size would be selected (no resize needed)

e.g: 512 MB current partition, while reinstalling, select 513 MB...it would pick up as 512 MB and would use the current partition untouched.


There are several different answers to the question to which you linked, so it's quite unclear what procedure you followed; however, it sounds like you may have created a new GRUB binary that was not signed with a valid Secure Boot key; or perhaps you installed a BIOS-mode version of GRUB and the attempt to launch it triggered your firmware's Secure Boot warning. In either case, by my hypothesis you then dropped back to your standard Ubuntu version of GRUB, which launched Ubuntu.

Secure Boot is a complex topic. In brief, with Secure Boot active, EFI boot loaders must be signed with keys that you as a user do not normally control. (There are ways to take control of the process yourself, but that's a very advanced topic.) Thus, if you modify the boot loader binary (typically grubx64.efi), you must either disable Secure Boot or learn enough about it to sign the binary and add your key to the Machine Owner Key (MOK) database. For more on this, see my Web page on the topic.

Concerning your "GPT detected..." message from Boot Repair, that indicates that you booted your Boot Repair disk in BIOS mode, whereas your regular Ubuntu installation is probably in EFI mode. With an EFI-mode installation on the hard disk, it's almost always best to disable the Compatibility Support Module (CSM; aka "legacy-mode support" or a similar term) in the firmware setup utility. This action will prevent accidental boots in BIOS mode. See my page on the CSM for more on how the CSM can cause problems and how to avoid these problems.

Note that Secure Boot and CSM are both optional EFI features; an EFI can support, neither, one, or both of these features. The easiest EFI-mode boot path disables both of them; however, there are cases in which one or the other of those features is desirable. It's rare for both of them to be necessary, and in fact some EFIs make them mutually exclusive -- you can't activate the CSM if Secure Boot is active.

More broadly speaking, there should be no reason to involve GRUB in creating a Windows bootable USB drive; Windows has its own boot loaders (both BIOS-mode and EFI-mode), so GRUB is an extra complication at best. That said, I couldn't tell you how to create a bootable Windows disk from either Windows or Ubuntu, so I can't offer an alternative or commentary on whatever procedure you've followed, except to say that I'm skeptical of any procedure that involves GRUB.