The DIrectoryIndex and DocumentRoot in apache 2

This can be solved by changing the line

DirectoryIndex index.php

to

DirectoryIndex index.php /moodle/index.php

in the file /etc/apache2/sites-available/site.conf.

Source :
https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_dir.html


How to make pcmanfm to display the column "Permissions" in detailed view - Lubuntu 11.10

Unfortunately pcmanfm does not support this feature.  Strangely, you had this ability in v0.5.x of pcmanfm - but this feature has been removed in subsequent versions...

XFCE and LXDE share many components - they can be interchangeable.

For example - you could use thunar instead of pcmanfm as your file-manager

As you can see - you can configure thunar with additional columns such as permissions.


Rename command can't handle [ and ( characters?

You can run this command this way

rename 's/\[xy\]/xy/' *

You need to escape special symbols by backslash.


How do I disable the "Available for purchase" list on the Music lens?

Remove the package unity-scope-musicstores and login again.


Ubuntu store on bq Aquaris M10 tablet doesn't show anything

Ubuntu Phone is discontinued. You should install latest firmware from ubports.


How to create a shell script and run it?

To just see what was written, you can use less. We use the raw-control-chars option to convert back any colour codes and other junk that our PS1 contained when we recorded the session.

less -r typescript

script can actually record key-by-key playback though but you have to record timings. You need to alter your recording command slightly:

script -t 2> timingfile

This will output two files:

typescript is what is written, and
timingfile shows when each key was pressed.

With both files, you can replay the sequence:

scriptreplay -t timingfile typescript


How to remove everything Ubuntu One-related?

this guide is great :

http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/22881/remove-ubuntu-one-from-ubuntu-10.04/


According to the official Ubuntu Site, installing Ubuntu on this machine should not be a problem, but if you run into problems, you might need to disable Secure Boot, shut down Windows Completely instead of just rebooting, and maybe you also need to enable the Legacy Mode.

https://certification.ubuntu.com/certification/hardware/201406-15267/

I guess this is what you are looking for.


Simple image editor tool to draw a simple box/rectangle in an existing image

If you're using a GNOME environment, try gpaint. It's in the universe repository:

If you're using a qt-based system such as Kubuntu or Lubuntu 18.10, try kolourpaint. It's in the universe repository:

If you want something a little advanced, try ksnip. Its homepage is here.

Various versions and package formats of ksnip are available from here as

an AppImage. You can see What is an "AppImage"? How do I install it? for more on AppImages.
a .deb and
a snap package

(You need to expand the  Assets section below the relevant release to get the download links.)


Lost/Deleted dpkg (package manager for Debian). How do I get it back?

Depending exactly what you removed, you may be able to rescue the situation by extracting the necessary parts from a manually downloaded .deb file. The trick, of course, is finding a way to unpack the .deb file without a working dpkg - fortunately there's a solution here

How to extract and install .deb without the command dpkg?

First go to packages.ubuntu.com and download the appropriate .deb file for your OS version and architecture e.g.

mkdir debroot && cd debroot
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/d/dpkg/dpkg_1.18.4ubuntu1_amd64.deb

Now unpack the deb file using ar in place of the usual dpkg -x

ar -x dpkg_1.18.4ubuntu1_amd64.deb

(replace dpkg_1.18.4ubuntu1_amd64.deb with name of the actual deb that you downloaded). You should now have the following contents

control.tar.gz  data.tar.gz  debian-binary  dpkg_1.18.4ubuntu1_amd64.deb

The package's files should be located in the data.tar.gz so to extract the dpkg binary file locally

tar xf data.tar.gz ./usr/bin/dpkg

If that worked, you should have a file at ./usr/bin/dpkg
which you can copy to your /usr/bin directory

sudo cp ./usr/bin/dpkg /usr/bin/

[Note that you could untar the file directly relative to / using sudo tar -C ... but doing it in two steps just feels a little safer.]

If that works, I'd recommend re-installing the whole thing from the repository for consistency i.e.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall dpkg

(on newer systems, you can replace apt-get by apt).


How to get missing icons in dark theme mode of Ubuntu 20.04 with Gnome flashback?

Change icon theme from ubuntu-mono-light to ubuntu-mono-dark:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface icon-theme "ubuntu-mono-dark"


'ia32-libs is not installed' while installing Skype on Ubuntu

Try using

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -f

This should fix package problems


How can I use a function which reads a variable?

Your function call is wrong:

Pdir($i)        # this is wrong

In Bash, you call functions just like you would invoke binary executables, by writing their name as command and putting all arguments behind it, separated with spaces and not enclosed in any kind of brackets:

Pdir $i         # this is correct, but not good

Note that you should almost always put variables into double quotes, to prevent them from getting split up and interpreted as multiple arguments if they contain spaces, so the optimal way to write it would be:

Pdir "$i"       # this is how you do it

Another tiny mistake is that you need a space between the if and the [ test.

You should also quote the variable again, and it is recommended to use the more modern $(...) command substitution syntax instead of `...`. Note that double quotes inside command substitution braces are allowed even if the substitution itself is surrounded by double quotes.

if [ "$(stat -c %F "${a[$i]}")" = "directory" ]

And instead of interpreting the output of ls (Why not parse ls?), it better to get an array of files and directories in the current directory e.g. using a shell glob:

a=(*)

Note that by default this only returns non-hidden files, i.e. everything that does not start with a dot. To also list hidden files and directories, enable the dotglob shell option inside your script once first:

shopt -s dotglob
a=(*)


there is a partition on my linux system with the partition type W95 FAT32 , what is it?

It's your Master Boot Record - the partition from which your system boots.
This is what it looks like on my system.

Might be best to leave that partition well alone unless you really know what you are doing.


Is there any way to make the filesystem larger when running from Live CD?

The default LiveCD filesystem is stored entirely in RAM, so it's limited by how much physical RAM you have. I believe the default is to set it at ~50% of that number, striking a reasonable balance between temporary storage and enough memory to actually run stuff.

As the filesystem is necessarily very early on in the boot process, I believe it's setup by the kernel initramfs, so it would be difficult to change the ratio without building your own kernel.

Your best option is to switch to a LiveUSB and enable persistence, creating a multi-gigabyte on-disk file that will be used to store programs, downloads, etc. instead of RAM.


Install Ubuntu to second hard drive without shutting down Windows

Yes it is possible. I use this method for Windows host on HDD and Ubuntu guest on SSD.

All you need is to attach physical disk to the virtual machine with createrawvmdk internal command.

You need to determine disk number with diskmgmt.msc and then run cmd as administrator and execute (but be careful with last argument - it is harddrive path, in my example it is \\.\PHYSICALDRIVE1):

"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename C:\ubuntu-drive.vmdk -rawdisk \\.\PHYSICALDRIVE1

Then you need to run VirtualBox as administrator and attach hard disk file C:\ubuntu-drive.vmdk to the VM, then install Ubuntu as usual. When it is installed, you can eject ISO and run this VM inside Windows.


Triple boot Win 7, Ubuntu 12.04, Fedora 16

You only need to install a bootloader (grub) once. It will then automatically detect and all you to boot all the OSes on your machine.

If you wanted to do a clean install of grub, but into the ubuntu liveCD and try this, replacing /dev/sda1 with the partition that has ubuntu on it:

  sudo su

  mkdir /mnt/root

  mount -t ext4 /dev/sda1 /mnt/root

  mount -t proc none /mnt/root/proc

  mount -o bind /dev /mnt/root/dev

  mount -o bind /sys /mnt/root/sys

  chroot /mnt/root /bin/bash

  sudo grub-install /dev/sda

  sudo update-grub


Use Blueman Bluetooth manager. You can get it from software center or to install it from the terminal type

sudo apt-get install blueman


How to install weather indicator on ubuntu 12.04?

Try this code in Terminal. It is called "My Weather Indicator"

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:atareao/atareao
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install my-weather-indicator


This  method of creating bootable Ubuntu flash drive on Windows was applicable for both 32 and 64 bit Ubuntu installation.


How to resize my root partition with unallocated space with Home and Swap directory in between

Make sure that you have a good backup of your important Ubuntu files, as this procedure can corrupt or loose data.
Keep these things in mind:

always start the entire procedure with issuing a swapoff on any mounted swap partitions, and end the entire procedure with issuing a swapon on that same swap partition

a move is done by pointing the mouse pointer at the center of a partition and dragging it left/right with the hand cursor

a resize is done by dragging the left/right side of a partition to the left/right with the directional arrow cursor

if any partition can't be moved/resized graphically, you may have to manually enter the specific required numeric data (don't do this unless I instruct you to)

you begin any move/resize by right-clicking on the partition in the lower pane of the main window, and selecting the desired action from the popup menu, then finishing that action in the new move/resize window

Do the following...
Note: if the procedure doesn't work exactly as I outline, STOP immediately and DO NOT continue.

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
start gparted
move sda8 all the way right
move sda7 all the way right
resize the right side of sda6 all the way right
click the Apply icon


Mounting Windows partition inside Ubuntu (dual boot)

Thanks @oldfred for sending me the links, I could add it to my script and now it works:

# Mount Windows Partition
mount -t ntfs-3g -o ro /dev/sda2 /media/wh9whi9d7/windows

# Backup
rsync ...

# Unmount Windows
umount /dev/sda2


Ubuntu 13.04 server cant install centrifydc apt package E: Unable to locate package centrifydc

That's because centrifydc package is not anymore available in repositories starting with Ubuntu 12.10. It is only available in 12.04.

You can try to install manually from here (it's a .tar.gz file):

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/centrifydc/5.1.1-831-0ubuntu1

but I can not guarantee it will work in Ubuntu 13.04.


This is controlled by the theme, and different engines have different results.

It most likely is the case that your chosen theme uses a pixmap at as the panel background, thus resulting in poor results when resized.

You can:

Try another theme, quite likely that should fix it.
Try editing the theme's gtkrc to see if you can remove the references to a panel.rc (if it has one) or modify the panel appearance.


How to run Compiz on Ubuntu Bionic Beaver?

Compiz needs the GNOME3 Shell extension put-windows. Then, you can install Compiz with sudo apt update && sudo apt install gnome-session-flashback. Compiz settings are adjusted with dconf which is explained here.


Is there a program on Ubuntu that will work out mortgage repayments?

Personally I think recommending software in general is hit or miss. It completely depends on user preferences and experience with the type of software you are looking for.

I would recommend doing some personal research on mortgage linux calculator programs or just general programs for mortgage payment calculations and using alternativeto.net to find a linux like substitute.

After a quick search seems others recommend Mortgage loan calculator

Have a good one ; )


All dependencies installed by apt-get -f install can only be installed from your software sources, so if any of your software sources are unsafe then sudo apt-get -f install is unsafe too. In the case of a vanilla Ubuntu installation where only the default Ubuntu repositories are enabled, then sudo apt-get -f install would be safe, but since packages from the default Ubuntu repositories don't conflict with each other a suggestion in the terminal to run this command ordinarily wouldn't appear in the terminal.
To let apt automatically configure dependencies, open the terminal, change directories with cd to the directory the contains virtualbox-6.1_6.1.16-140961~Ubuntu~eoan_amd64.deb, and run the following command
sudo apt install ./virtualbox-6.1_6.1.16-140961~Ubuntu~eoan_amd64.deb

instead of using dpkg -i. Then you won't have to run sudo apt -f install afterwards. A command of the form sudo apt install ./package-name.deb automatically installs all the dependency packages that are required to install the .deb package. It also installs the recommended packages by default, but apt has an option to disable installing recommended packages for an individual command. It should also be noted that the current working directory in the terminal should be the same directory that contains package-name.deb, so that apt can find package-name.deb in the current working directory.


How do I get Carnegie Learning online working in Edubuntu?

First check that there are no hidden error screens.  Sometimes child processes have trouble and the error or confirmation box does not get focus and it can only be found by minimising applications in the foreground.  (in one case we came across here the confirmation box was on a different workspace - see the question on running rapidminer).

An alternative to iced tea might be to install the Oracle java JDK.  Webupd8.org have made a ppa for it you can use:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer

You might like to look at the relevant Webupd8 page.

If you still have a problem it might be necessary to remove the iced tea plugin.

Edit: I'm assuming that when you say "updated java" that you mean openJDK.  Oracle changed their licensing so java can no longer ship with Ubuntu, or even be in any repository; hence the need for the webupd8 PPA.


If you have ssh server on remote host, just connect from a local ubuntu (or any X running host) using ssh and X-forwarding option.

from local

 ssh -X -l user remote
 remote$ firefox

where

remote$ is the prompt
just run firefox, it sould appear on local windows.

EDIT:

To use remote display you need what is called an X server.

This can be

Ubuntu with graphical session (no command line)
Any flavour of unix, with X-window system
Windows with Xming
Note that using virtual host (like virtual box or vmware) can give you an X-window based host on window, this might be costly (install a linux just to get a display).

Simply running putty won't help.


Copying data from External hard disk to thumb drive

What is happening is very simple: Ubuntu is using the cache (basically your RAM) to copy and while the file is being copied to the cache, it starts emptying the cache to the USB.  When it arrives at the end, only the cache needs emptying, so it is just waiting for the USB stick to catch up.

This is a feature of the kind of USB stick you buy: MLC USB sticks have this much more pronounced then Single Level Cell (SLC) ones.  However, SLC USB sticks are about 3-4 times more expensive then SLC ones, so normally they're not on display in stores and you have to order them.  The advantage is they're 4-8 times as fast and last 4-8 times as long as SLC ones, so in the end you win twice by only buying MLC drives (or just waiting for the SLC to finish!)  ;-)


Are you using a Sixaxis or DualShock3? For me the Sixaxis works flawlessly, but I have issues with the DS3 and it seemingly randomly works, and I usually have to reboot every time it fails or disconnects.


How to count the total number of the opened files by the users and processes on my machine

Use wc, the option -l counts the lines:

lsof -Fn -u teeba| sort  | uniq | grep /home | wc -l

This will output 25 in your case.

Additionally you can number the lines with nl:

lsof -Fn -u teeba| sort  | uniq | grep /home | nl


read file names from files for command line

You may use sed inside the two command substitutions to process the original files prior their listing within the arguments of the program (thanks to steeldriver for the simplified pattern):

program -input "$(sed "s@^\|,@&$source1@g" file1.txt)" -input2 "$(sed "s@^\|,@&$source2@g" file2.txt)"

I changed the sed commands' default delimiter (/) to @ because both $source1 and $source2 will expand to a path containing /; nontheless | is needed for the alternation.

sed commands breakdown:

s: asserts to perform a substitution
@: starts the pattern
^\|,: matches either the start of the line or a , character
@: stops the pattern / starts the replacement string
&: backreference which will expand to the match
$sourceN: expands to the content of $sourceN
@: stops the replacement string / starts the modifiers
g: substitutes every match in the line

Sample output of the sed commands for the given values of $source1, $source2 and for the given contents of file1.txt and file2.txt:

user@debian ~/tmp % echo $source1
~/Band/folder1/
user@debian ~/tmp % echo $source2
~/Band/folder2/
user@debian ~/tmp % cat file1.txt
A.txt,B.txt,C.txt
user@debian ~/tmp % cat file2.txt
D.txt,E.txt,F.txt
user@debian ~/tmp % sed "s@^\|,@&$source1@g" file1.txt
~/Band/folder1/A.txt,~/Band/folder1/B.txt,~/Band/folder1/C.txt
user@debian ~/tmp % sed "s@^\|,@&$source2@g" file2.txt
~/Band/folder2/D.txt,~/Band/folder2/E.txt,~/Band/folder2/F.txt


Unable to run java file from command like Ubuntu

If you have multiple versions of the JRE/JDK installed (e.g. versions 6 and 7), you should make sure that the JRE you're running (using java) uses a version that is class-compatible with what you've used to compile the class (e.g. JRE 7 for classes compiled with JDK 6 or 7, but not JRE 6 for classes compiled with JDK 7).

You can keep multiple versions installed and choose which one is used by java and javac using update-alternatives --config java and update-alternatives --config javac (as documented here).


Ubuntu 16.04/Win 10 Dual Boot install: Cannot reduce partition below 50% in Windows, Ubuntu does not detect drive

According this page http://en.community.dell.com/techcenter/os-applications/f/4613/t/19679184, you have to change the IRST(Intel Rapid Storage Technology) mode to "AHCI mode" in your BIOS. With this mode, the SSD driver should be visible.


What more or less works is

sudo apt-get install linux-firmware-nonfree

Alternatively, you can install the tg3 drivers and b43 drivers to get them working. I have attempted to document what I did here.


This means that the skype is not yet strictly confined. To install it, for now you will have to run:

sudo snap install skype --classic

Here you can find an explanation about confinement in snaps:
https://forum.snapcraft.io/t/devmode-strict-and-classic-explained-in-two-minutes/391


My .viminfo file doesn't have a writing permissions, how should i grant it?

Via the commands below in a terminal

sudo chown $USER:$USER ~/.viminfo
chmod gu+rw ~/.viminfo

The 1st command corrects the owner and the group for your user
The 2nd command adds (+) read and write permissions to your group and user


Vidalia, open Settings→Advanced
and add this to your torrc file:

ExcludeNodes {be},{pl},{ca},{za},{vn},{uz},{ua},{tw},{tr},{th}, {sk},{sg},{se},{sd},{sa},{ru},{ro},{pt},{ph},{pa}, {nz},{np},{no},{my},{mx},{md},{lv},{lu},{kr},{jp}, {it},{ir},{il},{ie},{id},{hr},{hk},{gr},{gi},{gb}, {fi},{es},{ee},{dk},{cz},{cy},{cr},{co},{cn},{cl}, {ci},{ch},{by},{br},{bg},{au},{at},{ar},{aq},{ao}, {ae},{nl},{de},{fr}


NVIDIA display driver not working in text mode

I believe that the driver is started along with X itself as such it should not start if the computer boots directly into runlevel 1 that said this is assuming it really is the driver causing the issue here which I can't confirm for sure.

If it helps I can give you an option to recover if you decide to try it and it fails, before you start download the latest live CD and have a copy burned ready to go on standby.  Booting using that will allow you to mount your hard drive partition and reverse the configuration change.  I would recommend having a live CD handy any time that you are making changes to the systems boot configuration, it's very easy for something to go wrong always best to have a plan to recover.

Hope that helps, not sure what else to suggest beyond that.


Perhaps you could try Ctrl+Alt+F2 (first x session) or Ctrl+Alt+F1 (display manager). This has been changed with switch to systemd I think.


Running the following command in terminal:

gnome-control-center network

will open a window for network management which should be similar with:

You can observe that at this moment the "Airplane Mode" is off and the wireless is on.

Now, without to close this window, run the following command in terminal:

nmcli nm wifi off

The above window will be changed automatically to:

As you can see, now "Airplane Mode" is on and the wireless is off.

Running, again in terminal, the following command:

nmcli nm wifi off

will turn "Airplane Mode" off and wireless on again.

So, you don't need rfkill (which need also root privileges) to toggle "Airplane Mode" via terminal.

nmcli (see also man nmcli) it's enough and can be executed by any usual user... You don't need root privileges to climb in an airplane :)).


How to configure teamviewer so it does not load unless needed

If you mean teamviewer 8 try sudo teamviewer --daemon disable (disable teamviewer 8 autostart)


Cannot get grub menu to timeout (or go away)

As other answers point out, you may be a victim of the recordfail situation.  Editing /boot/grub/grub.cfg manually should be out of the question as is automatically generated.  Another suggestion seen around is to edit the /etc/grub.d/00_header but then it could prompt for user intervention on updates.

The easiest solution is to define the undocumented GRUB_RECORDFAIL_TIMEOUT variable in /etc/default/grub.  For example:

GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
GRUB_RECORDFAIL_TIMEOUT=$GRUB_TIMEOUT

Edit

See this answer for more details.


How do I add shadow to my Gnome Menu Bar?

I found out that shadow isn't applied on my gnome top bar because I had disabled desktop icons, no idea why that would be, but instead of disabling desktop icons completly I decided to just disable generated icons for my mounted volumes.


Ubuntu boots to black screen until battery is removed and reinserted

I have a similar problem with one HP Laptop (Pavilion dv6) for more then 2 years look here. What I have discovered so far:

1) Buying another battery doesn't fix the problem,
2) Taking out the battery with the cable connected also doesn't fix it,
3) I have to be careful not to disconnect the power cable when the laptop is shutting down,
4) I have to be super careful not to connect the power cable when the laptop is booting up (but connecting it after the boot seems ok),
5) I got more successful boots with the power cable disconnected,
6) I tried some grub acpi configurations without success.

So I've settled. The two most important steps seems to be the numbers "3" and "4".

Best regards.


Numerical Key board is not working in 18.04

Simple search for "Universal Access" using the global search.

You should then disable "Mouse Keys" at the "Universal Access" configuration.


I would send them an email, bit-contributors


How do I start SARndbox when Ubuntu boots

Create a bash script.  Enter the following in your favorite text editor (without quotes):

"#!/bin/bash  cd ~/src/SARndbox-1.5-0001
sudo ./bin/SARndbox -uhm -fpv"

Save as SARndbox.sh, or whatever you want to call it.  Make the script executable by either right-clicking it in a file browser and altering the permissions graphically, checking the box allowing it to be run as a program, or by opening a terminal in the folder where it's saved and typing:

chmod +x SARndbox.sh

Add this script to your startup applications in System Settings, and it should automatically run next restart or login.  You'll have to manually type in your password.  There is a way to save your password credentials somewhere and link to those creds from within the script, but that is beyond my ken.


Based on this forum it is likely that some apple hardware interferes with some other apple hardware. Please read and try the solutions presented there to confirm that it is a problem in Ubuntu, and not in the Apple devices.


How to Auto rebuild my module to new Kernel?

Thanks to tim_phillips in the same post he offered an .deb package that will install the DKMS modules:

  The vendor drivers for the RealTek 8188cus chip, in the Edimax
  EW-7811Un for example, do not compile on ubuntu 13.04, kernels 3.8 or
  3.9.

  There are errors with implicit declarations of functions (daemonize),
  and unknown symbols in modules.

  RTL8188CUS

  the deb contains patched versions of the driver source code from
  RTL8192xC_USB_linux_v3.4.4_4749.20121105.zip available at
  Realtek site which on its own doesn't compile on ubuntu
  13.04 kernel 3.8 or 3.9

  this deb package will compile, install the 8192cu.ko driver, and
  insert a DKMS module so that it is done on each kernel upgrade.

  don't forget to blacklist the native drivers: put a file in to
  /etc/modprobe.d/ with this in it

# Blacklist native RealTek 8188CUs drivers
blacklist rtl8192cu
blacklist rtl8192c_common
blacklist rtlwifi

(source)

You can download the package here and install it:

wget "https://code.google.com/p/realtek-8188cus-wireless-drivers-3444749-ubuntu-1304/downloads/detail?name=rtl8192cu-tjp-dkms_1.6_all.deb&can=2&q="
sudo dpkg -i rtl8192cu-tjp-dkms_1.6_all.deb


What package provides aio module for nginx?

TL;DR: There isn't one, because AIO was enabled in NGINX in Debian for some time, but then pulled out from the package because it introduced undesired behavior changes.

It looks like this was discussed in Debian in 2015, but compiling with AIO causes "unintended side effects".  This is referenced in this Debian bug report message and then promptly set as "Won't Fix" (source: Debian Bug #784240, Message #10):

  We had AIO support enabled in the past for a short time. Enabling it
  at all was a mistake on my part. Having nginx built with AIO support,
  whether enabled or not, alters the behavior of nginx in often
  undesirable ways. I have seen many hard to troubleshoot issues because
  of AIO support. Build issues are the least of my concern when it comes
  to enabling this build option, granted those issues exist as well.

  Unless there is an incredibly strong reason why we should create an
  nginx-aio package, this option will not be enabled.

  -- reply to bug from Michael Lustfield

So, lack of AIO is apparently intentional, because AIO adds a lot of debugging issues for troubleshooting and other evils.

Given Debian has disabled it, the packages in Ubuntu and the PPA are unlikely to enable it either.

Your only option is to recompile, or try and find a PPA that would provide AIO enabled builds.  (I would create such a PPA, but demand for this is not high)

Additional Edit: It looks like this has changed, and in later versions of NGINX, AIO support (threads) has been enabled.  This seems to be effective starting with at least 17.04, and the introduction of dynamically compiled modules into the packaging.


The first line under the "proc" mount, where you are mounting /host has something wrong with it.  If you notice, the portion that reads defaults,nls=utf8,umask=0222,nosuid,nodev is repeated on the next line.  I can't tell from the screen grab if that is truly a separate line or not, but it probably shouldn't be there twice either way.It should read: /dev/sda2  /host  ntfs   defaults,nls=utf8,umask=0222,nosuid,nodev   0   0I use tabs for the whitespace, but any whitespace will do.


Can I install 12.10 on Ainol Novo7 Venus?

I don't seriously know a way to install Android alongside Ubuntu dual-booted. It requires a complete change to the bootloader and is difficult to manipulate.

However I think you can install Ubuntu (if you want to wipe out Android by downloading an ARM image at cdimage.ubuntu.com. See http://www.ubuntu.com/download/arm

Download the images at http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/12.04.1
Place the SD card at your host computer.
Make sure the SD card is not mounted (just umount it if needed)
Identify the correct raw device name (like /dev/sde - not /dev/sde1)
Run the following command to write it:
(replacing omap4 and sde with the right values i.e. just omap for a beagle image.)

zcat ./ubuntu-12.04-preinstalled-desktop-armhf+omap4.img.gz |sudo dd bs=4M of=/dev/sde ; sudo sync

Warning /!\ Some people have reported issues with this method. If this doesn't work, try the following commands:
2. gunzip ubuntu-12.04-preinstalled-desktop-armhf+omap4.img.gz
3. sudo dd bs=4M if=ubuntu-12.04-preinstalled-desktop-armhf+omap4.img of=/dev/sde
4. sudo sync

16GB SD card should be enough to install. However as you install more and more apps and files it may not be enough. 32GB or 64GB is a good option.


Widescreen web camera will only show in standard definition in Cheese

You could try changing the resolution.

(You've probably tried this but it's worth mentioning)


clean install, but with boot loader installed onto USB drive

Installing the bootloader to a USB Drive for may increase security a little but it will stop people from just turning on your computer and booting into the Linux. Without the USB flash drive plugged in.

Any Flash Drive should do for this.

When you Get up to Installation Type Select Something else then
click Continue

You will see this click on the drop down arrow and change your boot loader installation device

Now your Boot loader will be installed on the USB device you selected.


The default /usr/bin/python link is to python2.7 so remove the existing link (to some python 3 version) by typing in the xterm you start or in the little white window:

sudo rm /usr/bin/python

Then create a new link (in the xterm or white window):

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python

That should restore the proper python and fix the problems you have.

Do you have a python link in /etc/alternatives ?  I don't, so if you do, may just remove it:

sudo rm /etc/alternatives/python


Which linux git GUI client can checkout commit with a doubleclick?

I was asking the same question and came across GitAhead which does what you want! Technically it's a right click and menu selection, not a double click, but close enough. :)

Can't speak much to the rest of the features, but it has commit checkout and diff view, which is what I needed for a live code presentation.

gitahead.com


I can't hear voice after I upgraded from 14.04 to 16.04

I found something that worked for me with the same problem.

Go to System settings --> Software & Updates --> Additional drivers

When it shows you all drivers, in my case I had one checked from Intel Corporation: switch it off, by checking Do not use this device (or something similar).

Then reboot.

Credit: Fix Dummy Output (no sound) Problem in Ubuntu 14.04 Lts

It worked for me with a 16.04 version.


When you call unison in your sync.sh script call it as follows:

unison ... 2>&1 | grep -vE '^[\|/-]|^$'

This will remove (-v) all line that match the regual expression: All line beginning with one of those characters: \|/-, or complete empty lines (^$).

Edit: If you want the cronjob to be filtered, use:

@reboot /path/to/sync.sh -batch 60 2>&1 | grep -vE '^[\|/-]|^$' >> /path/to/logfile


What is the difference between env, declare and compgen -v?

The env command can run other commands with modified environments. If no command is given, env prints environment variables (i.e., exported variables). printenv can only print environment variables (it cannot run commands). See this U&L question for more differences between the two.

compgen -v outputs only names of all shell variables, exported or not. That's why you have to use variable indirection (${!line}) to get the value of the variable. compgen -v is typically used for tab completion.

declare -p prints details of the shell variables in a re-usable manner, typically in the form of more declare commands. The -x option restricts the output to exported variables. The output of declare can be eval'd later, to get back a given state of variables.

set can be used to set various shell options, or the positional parameters. If no arguments or options are given, then it prints all shell variables and functions.

export can be used to export variables or functions. With the -p option, it prints exported variables and functions.


Is it possible to open directories as administrator?

Create a simple nautilus script can also open a folder as root.

#!/bin/bash
gksudo nautilus $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS

Save the above script as Open folder as root in your ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/. On right click you will have an option under scripts, Open folder as root. And you can open a folder as root after providing your root password.

Do not forget to give the script execution permission. You can use in terminal,

chmod +x ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ folder\ as\ root

Or you can right click on the file, then go to Properties >> Permissions and check the box corresponds to Execute to give the script execution permission.

To use gksudo you need to install gksu. In Ubuntu 13.04 onwards it is not install by default. You can install it using,

sudo apt-get install gksu

Open files and folders as root

There is a nice application xdg-open which can open any arbitrary file or URL in the user's preferred application. One can replace nautilus with xdg-open in the above script and it will enable one to open folders as well as all files as root.[Proposed by Sadi] It increases the applicability of the code. The modified script will look like,

#!/bin/bash
# script_name: open as root
gksudo xdg-open $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS


PHP Fatal error: Uncaught exception 'PDOException' with message 'SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused

Well then check if mysql is really not running:

sudo aptitude install nmap

And then:

sudo nmap -sS <ipofdbserverhere>

You can also install the tool on the mysql server, the the command would be:

sudo nmap -sS localhost

In both cases your answer should look like this.

[simmel]@[mars]$ sudo nmap -sS 172.16.1.41

Starting Nmap 6.40 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2015-04-08 15:09 CEST

Nmap scan report for 172.16.1.41
Host is up (0.010s latency).
Not shown: 996 closed ports
PORT     STATE SERVICE
3306/tcp open  mysql

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 33.17 seconds

If it shows you port 3306, it's indeed open and ready for connections.
If that is the case use mysql via command line from your computer.

mysql -u<USER> -p<PASSWORD> -h<ipofdbserverhere> <databasename>

The same message appears? Connection refused? Then your user has probably the wrong rights.

Another reason for this is when the mysql server is bound to a certain address, like 127.0.0.1.

To find out check the output from:

sudo netstat -tlpen

If mysql is not listening to 0.0.0.0:3306 but to 127.0.0.1:3306, you only can connect from localhost.

To change that go to /etc/mysql/my.cnf and comment out the following line:

bind-address            = 127.0.0.1

The way to comment it out is to add a leading # character:

#bind-address            = 127.0.0.1

Save the file and restart the mysql service

sudo service mysql restart

Now you should be able to connect.

To change the port, enter, for example:

port = 8888

in /etc/mysql/my.cnf.

Save the file and restart the mysql service:

sudo service mysql restart


Ubuntu Core as Hyper-V virtual machine image

I have successfully installed it in Hyper-V.

I followed Install Ubuntu Core on the Intel® NUC | Ubuntu whereby I used a virtual disk do get dawson-uc18-m7-20190122-10.img.xzinto the VM.
I created a virtual disk as described in How to Attach and Copy files from a VHD in Windows 10
mounted it in Win 10, copied the downloaded files, set it offline to include it in the VM as described on How to Access Local and USB Hard Drives In Your Hyper-V Virtual Machine.
Afterwards, I started the VM, went online and browsed to the tutorial to copy the commands, run the commands and done.

There are only two things:

do a hard restart, restarting via the live-image won't work
the username for ssh is given in your user account, it is not your email.


Python3.7: error ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'PBKDF2' which is installed with pip3

The core problem here, discovered after discussions and additional troubleshooting via a chat room for this question, was that the file you're trying to run is the exact same name as the library you're trying to import.

Python is very picky in how it checks for libraries.  Generally speaking, Python import commands check the following 3 locations for your environment when called directly from a directory in a stock Ubuntu setup.  It also prioritizes these locations as listed:

Your current working directory, or the directory being executed from.  (In this case /home/xyz/Projects/Python/, which contains pbkdf2.py which is the same file you're trying to execute but also carries the exact same name as the thing you're trying to import from!)
The user's local packages store for Python 3.  This is where pip3 installed pbkdf2 from PyPI.
The system's packages library (which should only contain Python standard libraries and things you installed with sudo pip3).

Because your file is named pbkdf2.py and is the same exact name as the library we installed in your user's local packages store for Python 3, it's trying to import from itself, which for obvious reasons fails.  Rename your file pbkdf2.py to pbkdf2_.py or similar (as long as the name is NOT pbkdf2.py) and it should then "just work".

(The reason it then "Just Works" is because because the first case (of checking the Projects directory as the 'sources root' for the project) no longer exists - there is no pbkdf2.py file and therefore it can't be imported from.  It then falls back to the second case, your user package-store in /home/xyz/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages which is where pbkdf2 actually lives, so the import command is successful.)


Internet doesn't work un Ubuntu on Vmware but works onLubuntu

It has to be related to the virtual network interface.
Check that the Network Interface in the VMWare configuration for the Ubuntu guest is Enabled, and that is assigned to the right interface (you can assign to several interfaces, to the wifi interface...).
Also check what are you using on the VM that works vs the Ubuntu which doesn't work: are you using NAT, bridged networking?.
Please check: https://www.vmware.com/support/ws45/doc/network_configure_ws.html
Cheers


Cloning SSD with dd But Clone Does Not Boot

and thanks for the help. After some more searching between my coworkers and I, we found a solution here:

UEFI boot fails when cloning image to new machine

Thanks to @RodSmith for the answer.

Regards,
Austin


Need to cause a notification in 12.04 from shell

You can use the default notification daemon to give notifications with an icon.

Just add this line to the shell script where you want to give notification (with appropriate lines and paths).

notify-send -u critical -i <Icon-path> "<Heading>" "<Rest of the message>"

The package providing this is libnotify-bin.

@ThatJackElliott Did you replace <> with appropriate text? You need to remove "<" ">". Icon path is optional. Try this :

  notify-send -u normal "Hello Jack Elliot" "This is a trial notification.\nWelcome to AskUbuntu\!"

-u can be low, normal & critical.

See man notify-send for more info.

In case of any problems, these are the packages in my system. They work excellently :

gir1.2-notify-0.7
libknotifyconfig4
libnotify-bin
libnotify-dev
libnotify0.4-cil
libnotify4
notify-osd
notify-osd-icons
python-notify
python-pyinotify
xfce4-notifyd
xfce4-notifyd


Running a script in a screen at start up

I'd guess that there's a failure running your my-script.py script, rather than a problem with screen. I see that you're referencing it from the current directory - which may not be the current directory when running from init and/or cron.

Can you try using the full path to the script in the INVOCATION variable?


Do you have a DHCP server/router with DHCP on connected to the hub?  Is the machine a dual boot with windows?  If this isn't dual boot then check your ports on the hub or the port on the machine itself.  Then there is always the drivers to check.  Do you use wireless while connected with ethernet? If so I THINK that ethernet will automatically turn off if wireless is on, but I don't remember which version of Ubuntu this changed on. Just some things to look at if you didn't already.


Where to keep common data like movies etc. between users?

The standard for filesystem layout used by (most) linuxes is here, but it doesn't map very well onto your question.

If you are providing data which will be owned by root, and so normally read-only to users /usr/share might be a good location. An area that would be writable by multiple users would probably be better placed in /var.

Commonly I would try and store such data on a separate partition however, and define an automatic mountpoint in /etc/fstab, eg /mnt/data.


Can I install Ubuntu on a 1.87 GB flash drive?

Yes you can.

You only need 800MBs of space to create a liveCD.

References:
Can Ubuntu 12.04LTS fit on a normal CD, 700MB, or i do need a DVD?


How can I burn a bootable ISO file to a partition on my hard drive to use as a rescue system?

To boot an ISO image from a partition:

  (hd0,6) is just an example, you have to change it according to the partition you have.

Get the ISO (duh)
Select your partition where the ISO images is gonna be booted from. It doesn't need to be a special partition, it can be any format, or at least FAT, NTFS, EXT*. (I haven't tried with others)(if you want persistence, it has to be FAT). It can have other data in it, won't make a difference. Take a note of what partition it is, ie /dev/sda6
Copy the ISO to your partition. To be organized, you can create a folder let's say /isoboot/ in the root of the partition, then a subfolder with a name identifying the system, and paste the ISO there.
Mount the ISO. The easiest with is to use the option "Open with disk image mounter" from the contextual menu in the file browser, right clicking on the file.
Once mounted, go to the directory /boot/grub/ and copy the file grub.cfg. Paste it inside  /isoboot/<your_system_name>.
In your Ubuntu, open with sudo privileges the file /etc/grub.d/40_custom. Add the menuentry:

menuentry 'Your name of the ISO system' {
  set root='hd0,6' # this mean /dev/sda6
  configfile /isoboot/<your_system_name>/grub.cfg
}

Run update-grub.

  This is different on every ISO, grub config files may have different names

Configuring the ISO grub.cfg file, System Rescue CD

Open the file with your preferred text editor and make the following changes:

At the top of the file add the lines

set isofile=/isoboot/systemrescuecd-6.0.3.iso
loopback loop $isofile

probe -u $root --set=rootuuid
set imgdevpath="/dev/disk/by-uuid/$rootuuid"

In the menu entries add the text in bold

menuentry "Boot SystemRescueCd using default options" {
    set gfxpayload=keep
    linux (loop)/sysresccd/boot/x86_64/vmlinuz archisobasedir=sysresccd archisolabel=SYSRCD603 img_loop=$isofile img_dev=$imgdevpath
    initrd (loop)/sysresccd/boot/intel_ucode.img (loop)/sysresccd/boot/amd_ucode.img (loop)/sysresccd/boot/x86_64/sysresccd.img
}

menuentry "Boot SystemRescueCd and copy system to RAM" {
    set gfxpayload=keep
    linux (loop)/sysresccd/boot/x86_64/vmlinuz archisobasedir=sysresccd archisolabel=SYSRCD603 copytoram img_loop=$isofile img_dev=$imgdevpath
    initrd (loop)/sysresccd/boot/intel_ucode.img (loop)/sysresccd/boot/amd_ucode.img (loop)/sysresccd/boot/x86_64/sysresccd.img
}

Configuring the ISO grub.cfg file, Boot Repair

Open the file with your preferred text editor and make the following changes:

At the top of the file add the lines

set isofile=/isoboot/boot-repair/boot-repair-disk-64bit.iso
loopback loop $isofile

In the menu entries add the text in bold

menuentry "Boot-Repair-Disk session" {
    set gfxpayload=keep
    linux   (loop)/casper/vmlinuz.efi file=/cdrom/preseed/lubuntu.seed boot=casper quiet splash iso-scan/filename=$isofile --
    initrd  (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}

Configuring the ISO grub.cfg file, Ubuntu with persistence

Here we will use ubuntu-16.04.6-desktop-i386.iso

  WARNING: the filesystem type for persistence to work must be FAT

How to create a casper-rw file

Copy the casper-rw file alongside the ISO

Open the file grub.cfg with your preferred text editor and make the following changes:

At the top of the file add the lines

set iso_path=/isoboot/ubuntu/ubuntu-16.04.6-desktop-i386.iso
loopback loop $iso_path

In the menu entries add the text in bold

menuentry "Try Ubuntu without installing" {
    linux   (loop)/casper/vmlinuz  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=${iso_path} quiet splash persistent persistent-path=/isoboot/ubuntu ---
    initrd  (loop)/casper/initrd
}
menuentry "Install Ubuntu" {
    linux   (loop)/casper/vmlinuz  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper only-ubiquity iso-scan/filename=${iso_path} quiet splash ---
    initrd  (loop)/casper/initrd
}
menuentry "Check disc for defects" {
    linux   (loop)/casper/vmlinuz  boot=casper integrity-check iso-scan/filename=${iso_path} quiet splash ---
    initrd  (loop)/casper/initrd
}
menuentry "Test memory" {
    linux16 (loop)/install/mt86plus
}

Accesing the systems from grub> terminal

grub> configfile (hd0,6)/isoboot/<your system folder>/grub.cfg


Lubuntu 19.04 Opens PCManFM-Qt Without Proper Theme As Root

The answer is that it is considering your choice, but you don't have many applicable choices aside from Breeze/Windows/Fusion (none of which is a dark theme!). So you may want to install the package qt5-style-plugins, which enables the option "gtk2" in lxqt-config's Appearance section besides a few others. Selecting "gtk2" then makes the Qt theme engine imitate your GTK-2 theme.
sudo apt install qt5-style-plugins

Doing this prints the following:
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  qt5-gtk2-platformtheme qt5-style-plugin-cleanlooks qt5-style-plugin-motif
  qt5-style-plugin-plastique qt5-style-plugins

Now go to lxqt-config's Appearance, and select "gtk2" as the Qt theme. This applies your selected GTK-2 theme (e.g. Arc-Dark) as the Qt engine's theme. Log out and log in again to make sure it is completely applied (I noticed a few buggy incomplete details when not logging out, fixed after doing so).
This other answer, specifically about the "gtk2" option, has a helpful screenshot.
Explanation:
As PCMan (the main developer of PCManFM-Qt) says in this GitHub issue, that file manager simply follows the default Qt theme engine, and there is no code to change that. This means that to change the styling of PCManFM-Qt, you must change the default theme of Qt applications.
Lubuntu currently ships with only three themes, Breeze/Windows/Fusion, and as somewhat helpfully hinted in the dialogue, the way to try to make Qt apps follow a GTK theme is by selecting "gtk2" as the Qt theme.


Why I am getting errors -Permisssion denied for firefox and unknown error: DevToolsActivePort FOR chrome?

I will attempt to answer your question rather than asking you how this relates to Ubuntu:
For your Firefox issue, the error says: PermissionDenied: /usr/local/bin/firefox. This means whatever user this process is running under, you do not have the correct permissions for whatever it wants to do inside this directory. To resolve this, you have two options: you can run the process as root or elevated privileges (preferably sudo, not just signing into the root account) or you can change the permissions on the directory or ELF it is pointing to with chmod or chown. Please do note if you follow this, you will need sudo. sudo chmod -R 644 /usr/local/bin/firefox, sudo chmod -R 755 /usr/local/bin/firefox or sudo chown <whatever user you want> -R /usr/local/bin/firefox will work.
644: Owner can read and write, everyone else can just read.
755: Owner can read, write and execute, but everyone else can read and execute.
Please do correct me if I made a mistake anywhere!
As to your Selenium problem, that seems to be a very common issue. I would recommend upgrading your Chrome, webdriver and anything else to rule these out. There is a similar question on StackOverflow here: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50642308/webdriverexception-unknown-error-devtoolsactiveport-file-doesnt-exist-while-t


Encrypted home partition + encrypted swap + working hibernate

I managed to set up an encrypted home and encrypted swap with working hibernate.

I use uswsusp and largely followed this article - still works for Ubuntu 13.10.

On boot, I get two password prompts (one for home and one for swap) under the Ubuntu logo.
With apt-get install uswsusp, Ubuntu automatically switched pm-hibernate to use uswsusp, so all GUI tools use it as well.
On resume from hibernate, I get one password prompt as expected.

Some parts of my setup:

Creating the encrypted partitions

# For /home
sudo cryptsetup --cipher aes-xts-plain --key-size 256 --hash sha512 --use-random --verify-passphrase luksFormat /dev/sdb2
# For swap
sudo cryptsetup --cipher aes-xts-plain --key-size 256 --hash sha512 --use-random --verify-passphrase luksFormat /dev/sdb3

I use aes-xts-plain because it is the fastest in cryptsetup benchmark (only works with cryptsetup >= 1.6). Many guides uses aes-cbc-essiv, but from what I've read so far, xts protects against watermarking just as well as cbc-essiv.  If you use partitions >= 2TB, you should use aes-xts-plain64 instead of -plain. More info about these options and choices can be found here.
After creating these partitions, you of course have to create the according filesystems on them, e.g. with mkswap /dev/mapper/cryptoposwap  and mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/cryptohome.

/etc/crypttab

cryptohome   /dev/disk/by-uuid/8cef7fd1-cceb-4a4a-9902-cb9a5805643c   none   luks,discard
cryptoswap   /dev/disk/by-uuid/a99c196d-55df-460f-a162-00c4ea6d46e6   none   luks,discard

/etc/fstab

UUID=a4a2187d-a2d2-4a4c-9746-be511c151296  /       ext4   errors=remount-ro  0  1
/dev/mapper/cryptoswap                     none    swap   sw,discard         0  0
/dev/mapper/cryptohome                     /home   ext4   discard            0  2

I use the discard option in boths crypttab and fstab to enable TRIM for the SSD I'm using.
I had to adjust /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume away from the old swap UUID to the new /dev/mapper/cryptoswap to get rid of a warning at update-initramfs -u -k all.

This is still very similar to EnableHibernateWithEncryptedSwap, but it looks like I didn't have to edit /usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/local-top/cryptroot, /etc/acpi/hibernate.sh (if you have a hint why it was needed, please leave a comment - maybe the difference is that this setup uses uswsusp?).


You probably have the environment variable BC_ENV_ARGS set to .bc.  Remove that setting (maybe in .bashrc, .profile, etc.) and things should work.  Try

unset BC_ENV_ARGS

and then

bc

to see if that fixes things temporarily.


Graying and ungraying deja dup restore button

Same problem using Ubuntu Backup. I think it is due to the fact that you did not run the program as the root user.

On the command line type:

gksu deja-dup --restore

Remind gksu is important. It brings up the GUI restore dialog and then you can restore all the files.

See more here: How do I open Deja Dup as root?


How do I look up man page references with square brackets?

The references in square brackets on the git man page seem to be referencing footnotes from the same page rather than being references to other man page.  From the bottom of the git man page:

NOTES
    1. Everyday Git
       file:///usr/share/doc/git-doc/everyday.html


What are the default hidden folders under ~?

Some common hidden folders in Ubuntu:

.cache - The folder where user
specific non-essential data files
should be stored. Usually cached
data, like album covers for Banshee,
avatars for Empathy, etc.
.compiz - used by Compiz Window
Manager.
.config - The folder where user
specific configuration files should
be stored.
.dbus - used by the D-BUS message bus
system.
.gconf - GConf settings.
.gnome2 - used by some GNOME 2
applications like the GNOME keyring.
.gvfs - data folder for the GNOME
virtual filesystem.
.local/share - The folder where user
specific data files should be stored.
.mozilla - settings for the Mozilla
Firefox web browser.
.pulse - used by the PulseAudio audio
system.
.thumbnails - Thumbnails for
pictures, videos, etc. (used by Nautilus)

You can find more information in the XDG Base Directory Specification.

Many applications have their own hidden folders like Shotwell (.shotwell), LibreOffice (.libreoffice) to store application-specific data.


How to skip StartUp and/or .profile on log-in?

You were asking for direct and quick access to root user. Try recovery mode option in grub. It perfectly fine for you.

In recovery mode open, prompt-shell

It will looks like text-user-interface like terminal


Firefox goes full screen when dragged from secondary to primary monitor

solved this by adding a panel to the screen that had the issue


Is re-installation of wireless driver necessary after updating linux headers every time?

Use DKMS to compile/install modules/drivers that are kernel specific and need to be updated automagically:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DKMS


How to Create multiple folders each with multiple sub-folders

You can do it with following command:

mkdir -p Subject{1..4}/Book{1..3}


Error Message `code.google.com/p/go.crypto/pbkdf2 file not found`

The command hg comes from mercurial. which hg should report /usr/local/bin/hg. If this gives ....

a different result you need to put that directory into your PATH variable. echo $PATH will show the current path. How to add a directory to the PATH? will show how to include that directory to the current PATH.
an empty results you need to install mercurial. You can use the Ubuntu help how to install it. In short:

sudo apt-get install mercurial meld

The website has 2 comments on this:

If it fails reporting dependencies, please locate the packages and install them. If it reports any other issues, please resolve them.
If you cannot resolve the issue, please refer the mailing list archive of those packages.

With

    hg version

you can check if it reports a version number. And if that does not report an error your command will work.


Here are two things you can do to try and restore scrolling:
1 — Reset the Terminal

Open the Terminal
Type: reset

The terminal will appear empty for a couple of seconds, then it will come back and be ready for commands.
If that doesn't work ...
2 — Verify the Preferences

Open the Terminal (if not already open)

Open the Preferences window

Verify the "Scrolling" details in your profile:

I generally have this set to a ridiculous number like 10,000, but confirm that the number is greater than 50.

If neither of these work, the terminal may be stuck in "cursor addressing mode", and that would be a more complicated fix. Hopefully one of these two will resolve your issue.


Here is what I did.

Step 1: Setup Apt Repository

Firstly edit /etc/apt/sources.list file and add the following line:
deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian xenial contrib

Do this by opening the Software Updater and click on Settings. Click on "Other Software", then click "Add..." button. Copy line above into it. Close, then click "Reload".

Step 2: Setup Oracle public key

After adding required apt repository in your system, download and import the Oracle public key for apt-secure using following commands.

wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -
wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

Step 3: Install Oracle VirtualBox

After completing above steps, let’s install VirtualBox using following commands. If you have already installed any older version of VirtualBox, Below command will update it automatically.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install virtualbox-5.2

Step 4: Install dkms packages to ensure that the VirtualBox host modules are correctly updated if the kernel version changes during the next upgrade.

sudo apt-get install dkms

Step 5: Start VirtualBox

We can use dashboard shortcuts to start VirtualBox or simply run following command from a terminal.

virtualbox

On your first start, VirtualBox may prompt you to accept the license agreement. Updates will come automatically.

Recommendation:

Virtual Box offers a “Guest Additions”; a package of device drivers and system applications which typically improves performance, especially of graphics.


The style of menubar and right-click context menu is gone for all gnome apps

I had this problem on in artful which uses gnome, and here is how I fixed it or at least worked around it.

The first thing you might check to see is if this is a problem with a particular login or a global problem. If you have another account switch to that to see if there is a problem with that account. Alternatively, one can create a new account and login to that

In my case, yes, there was something configuration in my home directory.

What I did then is change the desktop settings to something different. For this I used gnome-tweak-tool and under Appearance and Themes I selected another theme. (I had installed gnome-themes-ubuntu first).

This is also spelled out in https://askubuntu.com/a/546492/415568

The only tricky part was that since my styling was messed up it was hard to see whether the on/off boxes were selected.


Unity Mail now supports LXDE.

https://tari.in/www/software/unitymail/


Well if you install ubuntu, see how it works and if you want the lower powered desktop you can always run the command:

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop


Route traffic for specific sites through a server

Well, I found a solution:

I created a .pac script to automatically configure proxy settings:

function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
{
    // Your proxy server name and port
    var proxy_server = "127.0.0.1:8080";
    var no_proxy_server = "DIRECT";
    {
    // List of hosts to connect via the PROXY server
    var proxy_list = new Array(
                               "*.amazon.com/*",
                               "*.amazon.de/*",
                               "*.akamaihd.net/*",
                               "*.ssl-images-amazon.com/*"
    );

    //Return proxy name for matched domains/hosts
    for (var i = 0; i < proxy_list.length; i++){
        var value = proxy_list[i];
        if (shExpMatch(url, value) ) {
            return "SOCKS "+proxy_server;
        }
    }

    return no_proxy_server;
    }
    return no_proxy_server;
}

By entering this script in the proxy settings of Windows or Mac OSX (in the format file://c:/scriptpath/script.pac for Windows), every browser will automatically reroute only Amazon traffic via the SSH tunnel specified (in this case localhost).


Fixing ics calendar network subscriptions w/ Thunderbird 38.3. and Lightning 4.0.3

No good news. My solution was:

Delete profile profile.ini
Restart TB

If nothing changes, backup email, calendar(s) and contacts and reinstall TB from scratch with sudo apt-get purge thunderbird followed by sudo apt-get install thunderbird

You will have to reconfigure your chat accounts and feed subscriptions if any.


Ubuntu 14.04 how do I install the proprietary fglrx drivers without crashing at startup?

If ubuntu is getting stuck on login window , my suggestion would be to install those drivers from run-level.
you can jump to run level by pressing ctrl+shift+Esc during booting
after that run this command

sudo lightdm stop

it will stop the lightdm server,then you can install those drivers from terminal.
after that restart the lightdm server & reboot the computer.


making animated videos with pictures for birthdays or special days

Try using openshot

It does all the things you listed and is free.


I would like to download multiple links in a directory

I'm going to make some assumptions about your question, so if they're wrong, please edit your question to clarify. First, I am assuming that you have two Ubuntu systems, one that is a web server called server that has your log files, and one that is a desktop system where you wish to download these files. Second, I'll assume that the server has sshd running to facilitate remote access, and that you can log in as a user called user with access to the log files.

To do this, I would run an scp command on the desktop system:

scp -r user@server:/path/to/get/log/files /path/to/put/log/files


Too many authentication failures VNC server

Let me explain this in a technical manner. This happens when too many authentication attempts fail. You might not realize this because your authentication passes well. This happens because, various bots and users try to hack into your VNC port or any other open port (Mostly SSH), and cause this error to appear. The server decides not to allow any more requests to enter because there could be a potential vulnerability.

Open /var/log/auth.log file and you will see how many users have tried to enter your VNC server or any other port. (View this article for more info)

Do the following steps...

Step 1: Check the running VNC servers, kill them and restart

$ pgrep vnc

4456
45890

$ kill 4456
$ kill 45890

$ vncserver
// your vnc server will start

Now try connecting, and if this still fails, restart the server.

Step 2: Block the 5901 port (VNS Port), when not in use

This can be blocked by firewall rules or security groups of a Cloud Service provider. If you are using a different kind of server, contact the Network Admin to disable this port when not in use.


I’d reconfigure my firmware and fix this error by users help:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure firmware-linux-free


Flashing BIOS update on Dell XPS 13 (2015)

Only UEFI system method :

There is now an easier way to install BIOS update. Simply run :

wget http://downloads.dell.com/FOLDER03172775M/1/9343_BIOS_Rev_A05.exe
sudo cp 9343_BIOS_Rev_A05.exe /boot/efi/

Boot in your computer BIOS (hit F12 when Dell's logo is displayed) then select Bios Flash Update and the update will be installed.

Successfully tested on my XPS 13 (9343, 2015) with A05 update.

Successfully tested on XPS 13 (9350) with XPS_9350_1.3.3.exe, too.

(Inspired from Arch Linux Wiki)


Battery life: 90 min on Acer ultrabook / 12.10

try installing/looking into bumblebee, I had this issue, its running everything with the Nvidia card, but Bumblebee can control it so you use integrated graphics.


snap was modelled after apt in command structure, so

sudo snap install <snap.package>

(ie. snap in lieu of apt)

An example I found on a Ubuntu/Canonical web site is (it shows installing MAAS as snap right at the top from https://docs.maas.io/devel/en/installconfig-snap-install with options 'stable' to enforce a specific branch to be used, and 'devmode' to reduce confinement so the snap can use more system resources; options may not be required like this example)

sudo snap install maas --devmode --stable

Basic tutorials can be found at

  https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/basic-snap-usage#0
  https://www.ubuntu.com/desktop/developers


Follow the standard install instructions, doing the exact same thing you did when you initially installed Ubuntu. Select your existing Ubuntu as your install location and select "erase and install ubuntu".


Ubuntu 18.04 Built in Audio no longer working

I had a similar issue. Twice. I tried everything. Read every thread. Uninstalled/reinstalled everything.

I don't remember what exactly fixed the problem, but it was either one or a combination of these simple things:

Plugged the laptop back into the HDMI port, and then unplugged it.
System settings > Sound > Choose the correct output (e.g. "Speakers - Built-in Audio").


This may help: How can I print text in various colors?


The bug is caused by bibtex.py script, which fails to get workdir with os.path.dirname().

A temporary fix is to remove pwd=workdir parameter from line 258, and only execute rubber inside the TeX folder.


What happens when kernel update completely fills my boot partition?

No, Ubuntu doesn't overwrite or purge old kernel versions or unused files automatically.

To remove old kernel versions and other unused files, you can use Ubuntu-Tweak. To install it run next commands in terminal (it is not available from the standard repositories):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak


No dual-boot menu after installing Ubuntu. Windows10 and Ubuntu on different drives

In the BIOS change the boot priority to the drive with Ubuntu first. It should then boot to Ubuntu and show the grub menu. If it boots to Ubuntu but does not show the grub menu on startup run the following command:

sudo update-grub

This will update grub to include windows 10, provided there are not any other problems.


You erased sda1 somewhere in the process. Usually sda1 with Windows installs is a hidden 100MB boot partition with the boot flag. It has essential boot files which are now missing from your system.
You will need a Windows repairCD or flash drive and run repairs on you install in sda2. That will restore the missing bootmgr and /Boot/BCD files. Windows repairs the NTFS partition with the boot flag. You do not have to recreate sda1 unless you want to.

After fixing Windows run this in Ubuntu and it will then find the Windows install. os-prober looks for bootmgr & BCD to confirm that it is a Windows bootable partition. It does not use boot flag.

sudo update-grub


How do I restore (or change) the default folder icon for special folders?

I finally figured it out. This metadata is not stored with the directories, but in a single file. You can edit this file and even set directories outside of your home, in case you have directories deferred to different partitions.

~/.config/user-dirs.dirs

You won't see the changes until you log out and in again, but you can verify the value of standard::icon using gvfs-info <dirname>,

-update-

You can also use the xdg-user-dirs-update command to update this file:

xdg-user-dirs-update --set DOWNLOAD ~/D0wnloadz`


Possible to Create Unencrypted Folder Outside Ecryptfs Home?

Yes, this is possible.

Assuming you have sudo rights (and your /home partition is on an Ext4 filesystem) you can simply create a new folder outside of your home directory (e.g. /home/dropbox) and tell Dropbox to move itself to this folder.

Don't forget to set the appropriate permissions on the new folder so your account has access.

sudo mkdir -m 700 /home/dropbox
sudo chown yourname:yourgroup /home/dropbox

I've just done this, and although Dropbox initially seemed to be confused (it thought that the destination folder was still not on a supported partition), after unlinking and relinking my account it is now syncing happily.


Any apps for comparing two video files? Content wise on 12.04

You can try with fdupes.

Wikipedia:

fdupes is a program written by Adrian Lopez to scan directories for duplicate files, with options to list, delete or replace the files with hardlinks pointing to the duplicate. It first compares file sizes and MD5 signatures, and then performs a byte-by-byte check for verification.
fdupes is written in C and is released under the MIT License.

1) To install fdupes, open a terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install fdupes

2) For a basic use.. to search recursively for duplicates files you can do the following:

fdupes -r ~/Videos/ > ~/Desktop/duplicates.txt

With this command fdupes will serch recursively in the folder "Videos" in your home Directory and will save the result in the "duplicates.txt" file in your Desktop.

eg:

In this example fdupes found that:

  "/home/user/Videos/Some_Videos/video_ex.webm"

and

  "/home/user/Videos/video_ex_copy.webm"

are duplicate files.

And the:

  "/home/user/Videos/Some_Videos/video_1.flv"

and

  "/home/user/Videos/Some_Videos/copy_video.flv"

are duplicate too.

NOTE: (The results will have all duplicates separated in groups of the same file, with groups separated by a blank line.)

So , you can view the "duplicates.txt" file to analize what files are duplicates.

3) Fdupes also has an option to prompt the user to delete de duplicate files.

fdupes -rd ~/Videos

With the -rd option fdupes will search and prompt if there are duplicates files, what file do you want to preserve. then will be delete the other ones.

eg:

  user@Ubuntu:~$ fdupes -rd ~/Videos

  [1] /home/user/Videos/Some_Videos/video_ex.webm

  [2] /home/user/Videos/video_ex_copy.webm

  Set 1 of 3, preserve files [1 - 2, all]:

For more information you can view the man pages

I hope it helps!.


Search for videos outside "My Videos" folder using Video lens

Yes, it is hard-coded FOLDER = GLib.get_user_special_dir(GLib.USER_DIRECTORY_VIDEOS).  It is still in python though so you could change it by editing /usr/lib/unity-lens-video/unity-lens-video


Possible to switch Fn-status of only F2 and F11 function keys?

Go to the cog wheel in the upper right hand corner of your screen and select "System Settings"

Select "Keyboard"

Go to the "Shortcuts" tab

Select "Windows" in the left panel

Find "Toggle Full Screen Mode"

When you do this it will wait for you to push your short cut ex.. Ctrl+F11 keys or just simply push the F11 key

To cancel push the Backspace key.

Taken from the url below

https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/ubuntu-help/keyboard-shortcuts-set.html


Install Ubuntu 14.04 over 11.10 from CD OR USB

As far as I know it is possible only to upgrade from one version to the next or from LTS to LTS. In your case that would be from 11.10 to 12.04 and then from 12.04 to 14.04.
If you have only 14.04 available you can write it to a bootable USB and boot from it. At some point during installing, before you can do any "damage" to your existing configuration you will be asked how do you want to install (e.g. alongside Ubuntu 11.10 and Win or erase Ubuntu 11.10, etc). This is the place to check: if you find the option to Upgrade 11.10 to 14.04 you're in luck. If not, you have to backup your data and do a clean install.


How to save terminal commands differently?

The list of commands you entered is stored in a specific file, specified normally in the .bashrc file of your user home directory.  This file is customizable and you can change the name of the file by setting:
HISTFILE=.class

or
HISTFILE=.pers

Instead, you can just specify
$ HISTFILE=.class

or
$ HISTFILE=.pers

at the command prompt.  This will create separate files.


How to install cuda 10.0 with nvidia-418 driver on Ubuntu 19.04?

I found the answer in the following answer:

https://askubuntu.com/a/1077063/864216

For some reason, I had to use `

  sudo aptitude install cuda-10-0

`


Create custom Ubuntu live USB on a Windows 8.1 host

If you want to support EFI boot mode, you should use Rufus.

First off, download Rufus. Plug in the the Ubuntu ISO and let it churn. Make sure you have it set to GPT partiton scheme for UEFI computers.

When that is done, open up your favorite partition editor that is not on the USB drive. Shrink the partition containing Ubuntu to 1GB. That should be enough. In the remaining unallocated space, create an EXT4 partion named casper-rw. The naming must be exact.

When you reboot, your PC should detect the drive and allow you to use a persistent Ubuntu USB drive on almost any computer in the world.

Note that you must boot with the persistent flag the first time. To do this, simply choose the boot menu edit option (F6) when starting up. Add persistent to the end of  the line. Once you are in, mount your USB drive and look for syslinux.cfg. Replace the contents of that file with this:

default persistent
label persistent
  say Booting an Ubuntu Persistent session...
  kernel /casper/vmlinuz
  append  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper persistent initrd=/casper/initrd.lz quiet splash noprompt --

Sourced from this answer, this script will make your system boot persistent all the time and remove the "Try/Install" so it boots faster. You can still install Ubuntu to guest sessions using Ubiquity, though.


I want to increase swap space of my dual boot Ubuntu20.04 Os by 15gb

Disable current swap if you have one ...
sudo swapoff -v /swapfile
sudo rm /swapfile

If you have fallocate this creates a 20Gb swapfile
sudo fallocate -l 20G /swapfile

(Equivalent using dd:
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=20971520

)
Set it to 600...
sudo chmod 600 /swapfile

and make into a swaparea ....
sudo mkswap /swapfile

after that add this line to /etc/fstab if it is not there yet:
/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0

and then do
sudo swapon swapfile

to activate the new swap.

You can use free or sudo swapon --show to show the results.


You have several options to try llvmpipe, depending on how much work you want to do and if it must be on Ubuntu.

Most people are testing in a virtual machine (Virtualbox or KVM). Gnome-shell in Virtualbox , VM = Ubuntu precise (12.04) using the ppa below.

The first option is to try it on Fedora 17 Alpha (it is installed and configured by default)

Here is a screen shot of gnome-shell running on my gma500 in Fedora 17 aplha

Your second option is to try this ppa:

https://launchpad.net/~oibaf/+archive/graphics-drivers

It does not yet automatically start when you log in from lightdm, but it is in progress.

See this forms discussion for further information http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=11713944

I am posting the forums thread as it is a work in progress and that link will likely continue to be helpful.

Your third option would be to compile it from source. There are specific instructing for how to do so here: http://www.mesa3d.org/llvmpipe.html

See this discussion as well: http://wootangent.net/2011/11/on-unity2d-and-llvmpipe-and-the-differing-approaches-of-fedora-and-ubuntu/


Does 64bit ubuntu takes more memory than 32bit or is "quantal" more demanding than "precise"?

64-bit OS and applications do require more RAM than 32-bit, see this answer for details: https://askubuntu.com/a/70551/14564

While it is possible that the newer Ubuntu also requires more (or less) RAM than the older one, the difference between 400Mb and 600Mb fits well within the difference between 32 and 64 bit OS memory consumption.


You can add the options -o umask=file-permission,uid=your-user,gid=your-group when mounting your disk.


Are the softwares not meant to be installed on this hard disk? They are meant to be installed, but they do take up space when you install them. This is a universal issue across all computers and operating systems; as drives get cheaper and bigger, software developers write bigger code.

I don't understand why I had read so many times that 20 Gb would be ok if by installing just a couple of software it is getting full so easily. Those folks were talking about typical users; your use of CUDA puts you in a minority of Linux users, 'power users'. It's reasonable to expect folks who use powerful software will need more room to work in.

A simple solution would be to add another drive, and to put /home on it, moving it from /dev/sda . If you provide the make and model of the PC (from the serial number sticker on the bottom or back), http://hardwarerecs.stackexchange.com could recommend expansion options.

For example, I was able to add an eMMC drive inside my Lenovo Thinkpad T420 without removing the original drive and the expansion drive, and with two SSDs and the eMMC, have plenty of room for media as well as two operating systems and many apps for each.


How to run multiple scripts in remote machine

The error you got means that file configPath doesn't exists in folder where you did the command source configPath.

Assuming that:

file configPath contains the statements:

#!/bin/bash
export FCM_SCRIPTS=/path/on/remote/machine

In /path/on/remote/machine folder is present an executable file signingModule
file configPath is located in /path/on/local/machine folder

If these assumptions are true, you should create on local machine a simple script /path/on/local/machine/remoteExecution.sh:

#!/bin/bash
cd $FCM_SCRIPTS
./signingModule

and try:

cd /path/on/local/machine
ssh root@10.138.77.150 'bash -s' < <(cat configPath remoteExecution.sh)

where -s option means that commands are read from the standard input.


Boot to specific OS depending on power-on button

I got it working. Not exactly sure how so my instructions will be a bit fuzzy.

I was trying to follow GRUB's instructions on enabling vendor power-on keys.

After unsuccessfully getting a difference :

diff normal_button.txt normal_vendor.txt

between (on normal boot) :

sudo modprobe nvram
sudo cat /dev/nvram | xxd > normal_button.txt

and (on vendor button boot)

sudo modprobe nvram
sudo cat /dev/nvram | xxd > normal_vendor.txt

This sentence in the instructions caught my eye :

  To take full advantage of this function, install GRUB into the MBR

Instead of reinstalling Grub on the MBR, I changed the MBR. I opened GParted and changed the boot flag from my Windows partition to my Ubuntu partition. For an unknown reason this was enough to make it work


Where do I mount a drive so that both Plex and FileBot can access it?

I moved the mount point to /home/<drive_name> and that seems to be working. I can access the files with Filebot, Transmission, and Plex.


how to make compiz wobbly effect ignore a single window?

I will try to give you all of the relevant information w/o screen shots since I use A.D.D helper, as my screen shots will be darkened. Go to your Wobbly windows plug-in in CCSM, and remove the unknown tag, then click the + button. A window will appear, allowing you to add to the window list. With the window you want to skip open click the Grab button then click on the window. Then click the invert tick box, then OK. Voilà your done, however note that AFAIK this cannot select a single window from a single program, only selected types, so all windows of this type will be skipped. Don't fret however there may be a solution for you, the first drop-down box contains a list of Types.

Window class will be very broad: normal, dialog, modaldialog etc.

Window Title is, you guessed it by title (probably where I would start if I were the op).

Window Name is likely a hex name or a name given to the window by the WM, and might work, as it might not be unique to one and only one window.

Window ID will be unique, but might change per session, I'm not to certain I would try it.

Window Role is another generic label: notification, panel, toolbox, etc.

Window Type is likely to be another generic name convention, and it's not likely to work for you.

Note: I could be wrong about the types, but I would try xprop on the window to get all relevant information on it first, before making any changes, just to be certain that you select the right type.

xprop spews more info than you will need, look for these:

WM_NAME(STRING) = "Window Name"

WM_CLASS(STRING) = "windowclass", "Windowclass"

WM_TRANSIENT_FOR(WINDOW): window id # 0xc00003

WM_CLIENT_LEADER(WINDOW): window id # 0xc00001

Beware: some windows (most i think) will give output like this:

_NET_WM_...

I'm fairly certain that what is in these field isn't what your looking for.

Hope this helps.


Unity shows no icons or launcher,  I get only the wallpaper

you can reset the unity by running:

unity --reset

and

unity --reset-icons

i hope it be useful


You should just need to install the desktop packages you want.  Packages like ubuntu-desktop will provide a lot.
See also:

Switching from Server to Desktop
Installed 16.04 server on my laptop. How can convert it to a desktop

This appears to provide an example of using autoinstall with LUKS and LVM

Ubuntu 20.04 autoinstallation LUKS


You don't need to compile the cxgb module from source, you can use the in-tree
module instead.
The cxgb module is provided in the linux-modules-extra package.
You can install it with:
sudo apt install linux-modules-extra-$(uname -r)

This package really should have been installed by default, so make sure you
haven't removed any metapackages that would normally pull this in.


Is it possible to make Ubuntu One Music respect compilation artist?

Not at this point but they are working on it. It's on our horizon to extend the application, but I can't give you any estimated dates at the moment.


If this problem is related to the nvidia drivers, this script might help you (fixed this issue for me)


This is unfortunately a bug in Firefox, for which no sure workaround is known. For some users, it seems to be a permission problem, while some users had success removing custom themes and using default widget styles.


Test this:

Create a bootable Ubuntu DVD/USB stick.

Boot from it and select Try Ubuntu without installing.

Once you get to the Ubuntu desktop, open a terminal.Press Ctrl+Alt+T

Run it:

sudo -i
fdisk -l

Fdisk will tell you which is your /, suppose it is /dev/sda1, continue run:

umount /dev/sda1
fsck -y /dev/sda1
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
mount --bind /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts
mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
chroot /mnt
dpkg --configure -a
apt-get -f install
apt-get -m install
apt-get update
apt-get dist-upgrade
apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop deborphan
grub-install /dev/sda
grub-install --recheck /dev/sda
update-grub
deborphan
apt-get --purge remove $(deborphan)
deborphan --libdevel
apt-get --purge remove $(deborphan --libdevel)
deborphan --find-config
dpkg --purge $(deborphan --find-config)
apt-get autoremove
apt-get clean
exit
umount /mnt/sys
umount /mnt/proc
umount /mnt/dev/pts
umount /mnt/dev
umount /mnt
reboot

Source


User folder from home deleted. Bad configured fstab can do this? (Solved, possible problem with subvol option in fstab)

Revising the laptop, I've seen in home folder there was a folder called "@home" where was all the data "deleted" of my user and other folder called "@" with the data of root folder. Then I have seen in the fstab an option created by default while the installation of kubuntu, "subvol=@/home" for home directory and "subvol=@/" for root directory.


No connection / sporatic connection with Intel 3160 Wireless, Lenovo Y50, Ubuntu 15.04

The command in the post you linked is:

echo "options iwlwifi bt_coex_active=Y swcrypto=1 11n_disable=1" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

It will over-write the existing text in the file /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf. It should have read:

echo "options iwlwifi bt_coex_active=Y swcrypto=1 11n_disable=1" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

The '-a' modifier appends the new text to the end of the existing file.

In Ubuntu 15.04, the default file reads:

# /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
# iwlwifi will dyamically load either iwldvm or iwlmvm depending on the
# microcode file installed on the system.  When removing iwlwifi, first
# remove the iwl?vm module and then iwlwifi.
remove iwlwifi \
(/sbin/lsmod | grep -o -e ^iwlmvm -e ^iwldvm -e ^iwlwifi | xargs /sbin/rmmod) \
&& /sbin/modprobe -r mac80211

That text is necessary to properly unload and reload the module iwlwifi if necessary. I suggest you do:

gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit. Copy and paste the text I included above the line you added. When you are done, it should read like this:

# /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
# iwlwifi will dyamically load either iwldvm or iwlmvm depending on the
# microcode file installed on the system.  When removing iwlwifi, first
# remove the iwl?vm module and then iwlwifi.
remove iwlwifi \
(/sbin/lsmod | grep -o -e ^iwlmvm -e ^iwldvm -e ^iwlwifi | xargs /sbin/rmmod) \
&& /sbin/modprobe -r mac80211

options iwlwifi bt_coex_active=Y swcrypto=1 11n_disable=1

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor. You should be all set.


How can I upgrade the Ubuntu 18.04.3 kernel to 5.0

Enable HWE or the Hardware Enablement Stack

DESKTOP

 sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-hwe-18.04 xserver-xorg-hwe-18.04

SERVER

 sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-hwe-18.04

source: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack

fyi:  If you install Ubuntu 18.04 using 18.04.2 or later ISOs, the HWE kernel is the default.


Epson Stylus SX235W with Ubuntu 12.04 - Scanner not recognised

The information at -
Epson Scanner sx218 - Works Intermittently

may help. The /etc/sane.d/dll.conf and /etc/sane.d/epkowa.conf had the correct entries when the .deb packages were installed.


Is it possible to lose some directories when upgrading from 11.10 to 12.04?

yes sure you will loose all softwares that are not in the box of the new version which is ubuntu 12.04
for example if you installed virt-manager on top of ubuntu 11.10 you will loose at least the libvirtd service and its configuration files


Remove Ubuntu from a MacBook and put OS X back on

This has nothing to do with Ubuntu or Linux. To remove an operating system, you just format the whole drive and install the new operating system over it.

If you are lucky, it's a dual boot computer. Hold the X Button while booting to boot into OSX if it is available. From there you can remove Ubuntu (to get help on this see https://apple.stackexchange.com/). If you still can not boot OSX, read further.

Since you bought a device, but apparently no license of OSX (you really got no disc?), you'll have to buy it somehow or use the help of a friend, as amanthethy wrote in his answer. This is an unusual case. Normally, the OS is preinstalled and it makes no sense to remove it, since if you buy a new device, the OS comes with it.

If you have no disc or USB drive of osx

Ask a friend with OSX to create you a copy (like amanthethy wrote) or buy it:

Here you can buy Snow Leopard, which is the oldest I found in the store. You can freely upgrade the OS if the device supports it. Make sure that your device is supported by this version of OSX first.
http://store.apple.com/us/product/MC573Z/A/mac-os-x-106-snow-leopard

How to install

To install the OS, just insert the disc, choose the disc tool in settings and format the whole drive. Then choose to install it. It's pretty straight forward.

For better help on OSX

Please note: The correct place to ask detailed osx questions is here:
https://apple.stackexchange.com/


I had the same error - it was related to the UUIDs in /etc/fstab. I had resized the disk partition, by deleting the swap partition, and then recreating swap. This caused the swap UUID to change.

List the UUIDs with:

 sudo blkid

And then check/fix any thatdo not match

 sudo vi /etc/fstab

On the released version 15.04.
I resized the partition, and after that things really slowed down.

 10.588140] audit: type=1400 audit(1430119499.379:11): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/bin/evince-previewer" pid=370 comm="apparmor_parser"
 [   97.136477] cgroup: new mount options do not match the existing superblock, will be ignored
 [   97.420519] vboxsf: Successfully loaded version 4.3.26_Ubuntu (interface 0x00010004)
 [   97.421318] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain
 [   97.436569] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated:


Can I get Gnome 3.2 working on 10.04.3 LTS?

No, the changes in your system packages would be just too much.

Gnome 3.2 uses GTK3 packages and those are not available for 10.04.


Ubuntu 16.04 - Gephi 0.9.1 unable to run

It was much simpler than I thought:

    rm -r .gephi

and it solved.


The short answer is basically yes (of course) :)

Without more information it's hard to give a better answer (do you want Ubuntu to be the PXE server? the clients? Ubuntu can trivially do both), but you probably want to start with something like this:

https://help.ubuntu.com/11.10/installation-guide/i386/install-tftp.html

I don't think it's really worth copying an entire "how to set up a TFTP server" here, the Internet is teeming with examples already.


You really don't want to do that. watch is designed to be, um, watched. Its output is formatted in such a way as to make redirecting it impractical. While you can actually do it using something like tee, the output will be many blank lines and very little useful information.
So, in the specific case of watch, you're better off writing your own little script that does the same thing:
#!/bin/bash

## This is an infinite loop, the script will run until you kill it
while :; do
  ## Run the command whose output you want to monitor
  amdconfig --odgc" "amdconfig --odgt

  ## Wait for 2 seconds. This mimics what the watch command does
  ## and also avoids spamming your cpu.
  sleep 2
done

Save that script as ~/bin/amdwatch or whatever you like, make it executable (chmod +x ~/bin/amdwatch) and then redirect its output to a file:
~/bin/amdwatch > amdwatch.log

That will run the script until you stop it manually and execute the amdwatch command every two seconds, saving its output to amdwatch.log.
For most scripts, what you are looking for is script.sh > outputFile.txt or script.sh >> outputFile.txt. See How do I save terminal output to a file?.


Problems with Ubuntu 14.04 and Realtek Wifi

Sounds like a common issue, solved some of the time by entering the following in terminal and rebooting echo "options rtl8723be swenc=Y ips=N" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf


Check the levels with alsamixer as they may be low there despite being higher in pulse audio. It is a terminal application.


Which programs will receive auto updates on Ubunutu 16.04 LTS?

google-chrome-stable is the only outdated package you have in your system (which is not installed by Ubuntu) at that time.
A package is listed at Installed (upgradeable) means that there is a newer package available and you can upgrade the package. If you had the filter of non-Ubuntu installed, it will only show outdated packages YOU installed.
Ubuntu Software Center will run apt-get update every time (I think) and detect whether you have software updates or not. Running apt-get update will only update your list of packages, it will not tell you anything about whether you have software updates or not. apt-get upgrade will upgrade packages, which is the same as updating packages from Ubuntu Software Center.
Packages downloaded via Ubuntu Software Center will be auto-updated because it acts the same as installing with apt-get.
Packages installed via command line by adding a PPA and installing will also be auto-updated because when running apt-get update, apt-get will also update the list of packages from the PPA.
Packages installed by downloading a .deb and installing via dpkg -i may get auto-updated depending on whether the repository is added into the list of apt (i.e. /etc/apt/sources.list). Some packages like google-chrome-stable will do so, so they will get updated.

Edit: Ubuntu has a cronjob to run apt-get update everytime you boot up, so all lists of packages will be updated when you boot your computer.


Type software-properties-gtk in terminal CTRL+Alt+T as root and make sure that the restricted and universe repositories are enabled.

Then try this,

sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

then try to install vlc again

sudo apt-get install vlc browser-plugin-vlc


How can I limit CD drive speed while on the live CD to avoid drive noise?

well, if you don't want to buy a pendrive, do the following lines:

sudo apt-get install setcd
setcd -x 1

Change -x 1 to -x [number]. Higher the number, faster the drive.

But you should remember, that CD works on high speed for a reason. Ubuntu may become slow, when you do that.


Can the unity launcher list installed applications by default?

No you cannot. You can remove/disable the others scopes, so you don't end up using them accidentally, but the default view is always the home scope, and it's not changeable outside the source.

You can however open the apps scope directly, by pressing Super(Win)+A.

If you hold down the Super key for a few seconds, an overlay will pop up showing you several useful shortcuts like this one.


I'm using same graphical hardware as you I guess.

My experience is that "nvidia-current" doesn't work.
But "nvidia-current-updates" works.

Hope this helps.


How do I set my clock in Windows to UTC / localtime?

On my Windows 7 machine, the default is for HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\TimeZoneInformation\RealTimeIsUniversal to not exist. So, here are Windows instructions:

Hold down the Windows logo key and press R. There, type regedit. Click OK and if you're using Vista or newer, acknowledge the UAC warning.

Now, in the left pane, there is a tree view.  Under Computer, there will be some things called HKEY_SOMETHING_OR_OTHER. You should click the + next to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE. Then, you should click the + next to SYSTEM to get ino HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM. Now, expand CurrentControlSet, then inside it, Control, and then TimeZoneInformation. Now, right-click the entry for RealTimeIsUniversal and select the option to delete it. Alternatively, you could set it's value to 0.


error after changing username in vboxclient:

Perhaps you did not add the user to the 'vboxusers' group.


How can i solve virtualbox problem? ubuntu-14.04

Guru Meditation
From the Virtual Box manual:

A VM runs into a Guru Meditation if there is a problem which cannot be fixed by other means than terminating the process.

This error is displayed by default whenever a guest can not be executed. Now this can have many different reasons. Usually the virtual box log files in the machine's directory (in your case in ~/Virtual Box VMs/kalilinox01/Logs/ will tell you all details needed to fix the issue.
In the best case it was simply running out of memory, which could be solved by assigning enough RAM to the VM. Not all physical RAM available should be assigned. We should leave enough RAM for the host to operate, and we should also take the virtual video RAM into account.


I found some of my Bluetooth files in the /Public folder in my Home directory. Don't know how or why, but they were there.


(rEFInd) Different icon for Ubuntu Recovery

Several procedures for changing rEFInd icons are covered in the documentation here:

http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/configfile.html#icons

My preferred method is to give the filesystem or partition a suitable name; however, that might not work for you. You might want to look into copying an icon file to the same directory as the loader and giving it a name to match the loader, but with a .png extension. Be aware that, because rEFInd supports multiple methods of assigning icons to loaders, there can be conflicting icons, but of course only one will be selected. Thus, if you try one method and it doesn't work, chances are that whatever IS setting the icon has a higher priority, so you should either try another.

Note also that how to change the icons varies depending on what type of a boot loader it is, and that can be revealed by the description text. Each entry should have a text-mode description that you can see when you highlight it. These normally include the path to the EFI boot loader file, or sometimes an OS-specific customized description or something specific to a BIOS-mode boot (particularly on a Mac). Since you didn't report this information, or what type of computer it is (PC or Mac) in your question, I can't know with certainty how any of your OSes is booting, and therefore what methods might work for you.


16.04 - Wifi "device not ready" after installing driver for Realtek 8723

Your system doesn't have firmware rtl8723defw.bin.

You can get it from linux-firmware git. Run

git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git
sudo cp linux-firmware/rtlwifi/rtl8723defw.bin /lib/firmware/rtlwifi/

Then reboot.

If the signal is weak, you can change antenna selection in the driver.

Run

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723de.conf <<< "options rtl8723de ant_sel=2
sudo modprobe -r rtl8723de
sudo modprobe rtl8723de ant_sel=2


Your current shell is the problem. You're currently using sh as the default shell, as seen in the output of your env command:

SHELL=/bin/sh

To fix your issue, you need to change to another shell that supports those key inputs (such as bash, which I'll use as an example). To do this, you'll need to use the chsh utility (change shell).

Example:

$ which bash
  /bin/bash
$ chsh -c /bin/bash

This will update the default shell environment for your user (see more here about full usage). You'll need to logout/login or start a new session to load in to the new shell.

Alternatively, you can utilise another shell by locating its path and running from your current shell. As an example, here's me changing from sh to bash:

$ which bash
  /bin/bash
$ /bin/bash

chris@loki:~$

Hope this helps!


Deleting Lamp and guest account without affecting default or main Root account

You seem like you may be confused about how Ubuntu installs software.

Software installed by Ubuntu (eg, by any of its package managers) will be installed system-wide, for all users.  Ubuntu doesn't have an official concept of installing software for just one user.

Most software that needs to store user preferences (particularly desktop GUI software) will store its configuration separately for each user, in that user's home directory.  Non-privileged users cannot modify/break software for other users.

If you do want to provide separate environments for different users, with different sets of system software installed, you can achieve this using chroot, or even using a more complete virtualisation solution.  But in all likelihood this isn't what you actually need, you just need to provide certain users with the ability to modify the web server files.

In which case, you do this with file permissions.  Add the users who you need to be able to modify the web server files to a group with adduser user group, then modify the permissions on the web server files (such as /var/www) to allow group editing and to specify the group.  How to achieve this is probably the scope of another question.