How can I install Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Server on an HP ProLiant ML10 v2 Server

There are several posts about this problem over the past several years, but none that comprehensively describe the process for the ML10 v2, so I thought I would document my findings for those who want to use one of these inexpensive and capable servers with Ubuntu.

How to install Ubuntu Server on HP ProLiant MicroServer Gen8?, from 2014, describes the process of changing the SATA Conroller support with a ProLiant Microserver Gen8

https://www.linuxserver.io/index.php/2015/03/24/hp-proliant-microserver-gen8-g1610t-setting-up-a-linux-home-server/, from 2015, describes the process in more detail, also using a Microserver Gen8, and includes screenshots, but I found they did not match exactly my BIOS screens.

It may be that the Ubuntu installation is able to adjust the controller so that the installation can write to the HDD, but that the boot BIOS does not make that adjustment.

In any case, what worked for me was to let the first stage POST complete, and then the second stage Processor Initialization will show an "F9" button at the bottom of the screen. Pressing the F9 key on the keyboard will "light up" the "F9" button, and after this Processor Initialization, the "ROM-Based Setup Utility" will start.  As per the screenshots in the second of the two references above, first select "System Options" and press Enter, then select "SATA Controller Options" and press Enter.

Here, the new system is a little different than the screenshots shown for the Microserver Gen8 -- I had to select "Embedded SATA Configuration," and when I did, I got a scary Yellow-on-Red warning that this would destroy my system (which would undoubtedly be true if I had a system installed).

Press Enter to get by this warning, then change from "Enable Dynamic HP Smart Array B120i RAID Support" to "Enable SATA AHCI Support", and press Enter.  Note at the bottom that " Saves Selection" - there is no explicit "save" in this setup utility.

Then, back out of the menus with Esc, and then " to Exit Utility" and then " to Confirm Exit Utility."  Again, no explicit "Save" with this utility.  Press F10, and the system will again go through the ProLiant System BIOS - Early Processor Initialization.  After that completes to 100%, you will go to the next stage "Processor Initialization.

If you have made the change correctly, during this second stage you will see a message "HP AHCI SATA Controller Initializing" and then "HP AHCI SATA Controller" and then "Broadcom NetXtreme Ethernet Boot Agent"

You can then install Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Server from the DVD (using your external DVD drive connected to a USB port).  A message flashes during the installation about some BIOS corruption, but that does not seem to be a problem for the installation.

I selected the LVM with Encryption option, so when the system boots, I get a message "Please unlock disk sda5_crypt:" at which point I enter the password I used to encrypt the disk, and the system boots.

I would also mention that these servers come in a few standard configurations, and that there is also a configurator on the HP site, but selecting a custom configuration is very expensive -- just find a system configured the way you want, and you can have a very capable server for a very low price.

The manual for the HP ProLiant ML10 v2 Server is here: http://h20565.www2.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?sp4ts.oid=7796450&docId=emr_na-c04622279&docLocale=en_US

Hopefully, this post will encourage those who want an inexpensive Ubuntu Server to use this server.


running two firefox instances -- one locally and another through ssh

Run Firefox with:

firefox -no-remote

This prevents Firefox from opening URLs in a running instance. You can also specify a profile path:

firefox -no-remote -profile /path/to/ffprofile

Or if the profile is within your profile folder ~/.mozilla/firefox/xxxxx.name:

firefox -no-remote -P name


How to show current permissions of a folder

On the command line you'd issue a ls -la /srv/www. The part that is interesting for you is the second line.
Explanation of all columns:
total [NUMBER]
[PERMISSIONS] [LINKS] [OWNER] [GROUP]  [FILE SIZE] [MODIFICATION DATE] [ITEM]

Sample output:
total 52
drwxr-xr-x 15 root root  4096 2011-04-13 13:03 .
drwxr-xr-x 23 root root  4096 2011-04-17 19:31 ..

Now the really interesting part for your is the line of the . element as that represents the current directory.
The permissions of the current directory in my sample drwxr-xr-x would mean the following:

d for directory
rwx means read, write and execute permissions for the owner
r-x means read and execute permissions for the group
r-x means read and execute permissions for all others

To get the permissions in the GUI you would

Right-click the directory you want to know the permissions of and select Properties.

Click on the Permissions tab to get this


First, welcome to Ubuntu.

Second, not every problem you might encounter is a "Virus", there are lots of different cracks.

Third, clamav did not identify a virus

  Infected files: 0

And last, the behavior you describe sounds more like a browser hijack rather than a virus

See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_hijacking or similar for additional information.

Removal sort of depends on the hijack, but, in general, the easiest is to simply remove your mozilla profile.

From @Videonauth

You can test this theory with by starting Firefox with a fresh profile (from the command line):

firefox -P

This opens the profile editor, create there a new profile and start from this for initial testing if this resolves your problem.

If yes start again with the above command and start your old profile once more. This will give you an opportunity to export your bookmarks and passwords (from your old profile; probably good idea is to use Firefox-Sync) before deleting your profile.

This command will delete bookmarks and saved passwords !! Export your passwords and/or bookmarks if you wish to keep them before you run this command

rm ~/.mozilla ~/.cache/mozilla ~/.config/mozilla ~/.local/share/mozilla

In the future, take care what sites you visit and you might want to install some malware extensions in Firefox such NoScript, AdBlock, uMatrix just to name a few.

See also https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/what-search-hijacking


Applying my Compiz settings to other user

While copying your gconf files should work, you could also use the compizconfig settings manager, and and export your profile.

The other user can import this the same way.


If you're wiping it completely clean, you might as well install windows first by disc and then ubuntu with a downloaded install disc.

I just did this and it lets you choose what size you want to make each while you download ubuntu (that is why it is good to have windows there first).

EDIT:
Eliah Kagan pointed out that since your problem seems to be partitioning in ubuntu, you might want to partition while installing windows and then just have ubuntu install on the rest.


I couldn't find any definitive info on it but consider that the Mutiny layout/theme was created for the version of the MATE desktop environment that was shipped in Ubuntu 16.04 for the first time. Therefore it likely relies on features that were unavailable before.

It's possible that someone "back-ported" it successfully to an earlier MATE version but I couldn't fin any reference to that.

Please note that Ubuntu MATE 14.04 loses support and becomes off topic here in about a month as stated in an answer to your forum thread.


Deleting a large file does not free up space

The file is still in use by one (or more) process(es). The space occupied by the file will only be released if no processes have the file open.

This is a common gotcha with log files that are filling up a filesystem, when the administrator forgets to restart the accompanying process.

You can check this with lsof | grep DEL


How can the Petya Ransomware virus affect Linux users?

I ran it ...
As I promised, I installed wine on a Debian virtual machine, got some sample of Petya, ran them directly and using: rundll32 path,#1, with regular and root user and nothing happend to my VM or its MBR.

How it propagate itself?
Petya uses the Eternal Blue exploit and classic SMB network spreading techniques.

The related CVE of this vulnerability for Linux is: "CVE-2017-7494" which has been already fixed:

Is my Ubuntu vulnerable to SambaCry?

perfc and perfc.dat:
Symantec states that Petya creates a file "C:\Windows\perfc" to indicate that computer has been infected and the "perfc.dat" is the one it uses to execute itself.

To stop petya you should create a read-only file here: "C:\Windows\perfc.dat" so petya can't write and execute itself.

And "C:\Windows\perfc" is some kind of kill switch if "Petya" gets run, after seeing this file it consider your computer as infected and only tries to infect other network devices.

Encryption and MBR:
After infection it tries to change the MBR. a MBR has three section: partition table, boot code, magic code. by changing the boot code it can hijack the boot  process so instead of loading a bootloader you will see a message and behind that message it's going to start a full disk encryption, before the final message it seems that petya runs full disk encryption while it's showing a fake check disk.

With "wine" it can not change your MBR (unless you run the wine using sudo), it just tries to infect other devices.

It also does a user-mod encryption, for that purpose after infection it looks for specific extensions in all drives and starts to encrypt the first 1MB of them.

So it seems that there is nothing to be worry about unless you run it yourself using wine and root access.

source: symantec.


troubleshooting: Network unclaimed -> Wifi Adapter not working

Upgrading kernel to 5.3 should fix the issue

sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-18.04

But OEM drivers if any may not build.


/dev/sda1 is a one of your partitions, which equals one physical volume.

You can boot to LiveCD and create the volumegroup there, but if you do so you will overwrite all old data on that partition when you create new logical volumes and filesystems on top of that.


how to control fans on a laptop in Ubuntu 16.04?

You'll want to look into these projects by Tuxedo Computers:

(a). Tuxedo Fan Control: https://github.com/tuxedocomputers/tuxedo-fan-control

(b). The user manual: https://github.com/tuxedocomputers/tuxedo-fan-control/blob/master/docs/user/user_manual.md

(c). For advanced parameters, such as the needed --novendorcheck launch argument when running it on a non-Tuxedo laptop: https://github.com/tuxedocomputers/tuxedo-fan-control/blob/master/docs/dev/dev_manual.md


14.04 gnome-shell gnome-control-center screen does not work on desktop, why?

The gnome-screensaver daemon is not started. That is why using:
System Settings -> Brightness & Lock does not work with Gnome Shell on Ubuntu 14.04. It does with unity of course.

For gnome shell you need to search for Start-up Applications and create a new application with the following command:

/usr/bin/gnome-screensaver

That's all. Now System Settings-> Brightness & Lock will work after a reboot or login / logout.

The above will just switch off and or lock the screen depending on settings made. If you want a real screen-saver it will be more complicated.

You can use the same method as for unity with that. It would be nice if a person knowing the right straight answer to let work the gnome screensaver entertainment part to post it here .


List multiple repositories under sources.list.d?

I believe I have answered my own question:

The behavior of apt-get with sources.list.d is to retrieve packages from the first available repository listed in a given *.list file.

The repository archive.getdeb.net/ubuntu was conveniently down today, so I was able to perform the following experiment to validate this:

I created a file called /etc/apt/sources.list.d/games.list with the following content:

deb http://archive.getdeb.net/ubuntu trusty-getdeb apps

Then I resynchronized the package index files from the sources:

$ sudo apt-get update | grep getdeb
Hit http://archive.getdeb.net trusty-getdeb InRelease
Hit http://archive.getdeb.net trusty-getdeb/apps amd64 Packages
Hit http://archive.getdeb.net trusty-getdeb/apps i386 Packages
Ign http://archive.getdeb.net trusty-getdeb/apps Translation-en_US
Ign http://archive.getdeb.net trusty-getdeb/apps Translation-en

I noticed that apt-get warned that it was ignoring (Ign) the repository.
This is because apt-get got a 404 message that the URL was not available.
Attempting to simulate installation of a package from this repository showed that the repository was indeed not available.

$ sudo apt-get -s install warsow
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package warsow

Then I edited /etc/apt/sources.list.d/games.list, adding a mirror repository that contains the same packages:

deb http://archive.getdeb.net/ubuntu trusty-getdeb apps
deb http://mirrors.dotsrc.org/getdeb/ubuntu trusty-getdeb games

As before, I resynchronized the package index files from the sources:

$ sudo apt-get update | grep getdeb
Get:1 http://mirrors.dotsrc.org trusty-getdeb InRelease [8,131 B]
Hit http://archive.getdeb.net trusty-getdeb InRelease
Get:2 http://mirrors.dotsrc.org trusty-getdeb/games amd64 Packages [69.8 kB]
Hit http://archive.getdeb.net trusty-getdeb/apps amd64 Packages
Hit http://archive.getdeb.net trusty-getdeb/apps i386 Packages
Get:3 http://mirrors.dotsrc.org trusty-getdeb/games i386 Packages [71.5 kB]
Ign http://archive.getdeb.net trusty-getdeb/apps Translation-en_US
Ign http://archive.getdeb.net trusty-getdeb/apps Translation-en
Ign http://mirrors.dotsrc.org trusty-getdeb/games Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.dotsrc.org trusty-getdeb/games Translation-en

Surprisingly, apt-get warned that it was ignoring both of the repositories!

A little Internet research revealed that  apt-get displays an Ign warning if a repository is not available or if a package translation is not available. In the case of mirrors.dotsrc.org, the repository was up, but apt-get was requesting a translation from English to English, which obviously does not exist. So the Ign message for the new repository was not an error after all.
When I attempted to simulate installation of the same package as before, with both repositories in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/games.list, apt-get did find the package.

$ sudo apt-get -s install warsow
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  warsow-data
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  warsow warsow-data
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 24 not upgraded.
Inst warsow-data (1.51-1~getdeb2 GetDeb:14.04/trusty-getdeb [all])
Inst warsow (1.51-1~getdeb1 GetDeb:14.04/trusty-getdeb [amd64])
Conf warsow-data (1.51-1~getdeb2 GetDeb:14.04/trusty-getdeb [all])
Conf warsow (1.51-1~getdeb1 GetDeb:14.04/trusty-getdeb [amd64])

Therefore, the behavior of apt-get with sources.list.d is to retrieve packages from the first available repository listed in a given *.list file.


13.04 sudo reboot now is not working instead ends up in run level 1

The solution in part is to use sudo reboot -r now however sudo reboot now should really work.  Given this appears to be reproducible I'm posting this in the hope that others will not suffer the PITA that is rebooting a remote server.

sudo init 6 should work too, but this would skip the user warnings.


This is my Ubuntu 18.04 Netplan config. It's a .yaml file in /etc/netplan/ See netplan.io for the commands to apply the config. Your wifi adapter may not be wlp1s0. You will need to find that on your system. I'm using a static ip address on my network of 192.168.0.66. yours may be different.

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  wifis:
    wlp1s0:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      addresses: [192.168.0.66/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [192.168.0.1, 8.8.8.8]
      access-points:
        "MySSID":
          password: "MyPassword"
      optional: true


The problem is result = "(1+1/$szAnswer)^$szAnswer" | bc -l line. It reads:

execute command result with parameters = and "(1+1/$szAnswer)^$szAnswer"
connect the stdout stream of the result command to bc command's stdin stream

Probably you're wondering why result is a command in this case. That's because variable assignments in shell scripting are made without spaces separating variable name and assigned value. You also want to send "(1+1/$szAnswer)^$szAnswer" to stdin of bc -l command,so you need something capable of writing to stdout

What should be done is

result=$( echo "(1+1/${szAnswer})^${szAnswer}" | bc -l )`

Now you have result variable being assigned output of echo "(1+1/${szAnswer})^${szAnswer}" | bc -l pipeline. The $(...) structure is called command substitution, and is generally used when command's output has to be reused in place of the command itself.


How do I gvfs-mount without opening a file manager window?

The answer is here (in another question) for Nautilus:

In GUI
Install and/or run dconf-editor. Browse to org -> gnome -> desktop - media-handling.
Uncheck automount-open.
In Terminal

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.media-handling automount-open false

There should be a similar option for Nemo since it is a fork of Nautilus.

Note that this will prevent Nautilus to open windows for any new mounted device (including USB keys).

There is no simple mean I'm aware of to selectively open windows for some devices and not for others (eg. there are means, but not simple; they require scripting and technical knowledge).


Check for firmware and driver updates.

A few days later my coworker experienced the same errors on her machine without having updated or altered her installation in any way. After restarting, about an hour later her machine would experience problems due to the SSD being remounted in read-only mode. This was the exact same problem I was having.

Given that we installed the same brand of SSD on the same day, we decided to investigate this as a hardware issue. It turns out that this particular brand of SSD was shipped with a firmware bug that starts causing read errors after 3,154 hours of cumulative uptime. The errors disappear after a restart but reappear after one hour thereafter, forever.

Updating the Crucial m4 64GB SSD's firmware to version 000F solved this issue.


From: OMG Ubuntu

Free AutoCAD clone ‘DraftSight’ hits Linux Beta

Download a pre-packaged .deb file for Ubuntu 9.10+ at the following link: download (66.8MB)

64bit Ubuntu users note: The DraftSight beta .deb provided is 32bit. To get DraftSight to run in Ubuntu 64bit  will need to install the following missing library:

 sudo apt-get install libdirectfb-extra libxcb-render-util0

After this, install the .deb via a Terminal using the ‘force architecture’ command. Assuming you downloaded it to your Downloads folder:

sudo dpkg --force-architecture -i ~/Downloads/draftSight.deb

You probably did not install the missing library.


Force apt-get to ask all install questions again?

It's likely that dpkg-reconfigure is the solution, but sometimes the package to which the question belongs is not named the same as the package you installed - either because it was a meta-package, or because the question belonged to one of the dependent packages.

In that case, it can be helpful to look at the debconf database to see if there is a likely candidate, using debconf-show e.g.

$ sudo debconf-show --listowners | grep jack
jackd2

and it turns out that

$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure jackd2

does indeed prompt the question that you are looking for.


Extracting Mp4 files from multiple folders into one folder

Assuming every single .mp4 file has a unique filename, you can do something like this:
find ~/Downloads -type f -iname "*.mp4" -exec cp -av "{}" /path/to/destination/ \;

This will find all .mp4 files in your Downloads folder and copy them to a single folder.
If you really want to, you can replace cp -av with mv -v. This will move the files to a new destination instead of copying them.


The syntax for the crontab entry looks correct. Indeed, if you edit your crontab using "crontab -e" (as you should), you'll get an error if you specify a syntactically invalid crontab entry anyway.

Firstly, does /path_to_my_php_script/info.php run correctly from the command-line?
If so, does it also run correctly like this?:

/bin/sh -c "(export PATH=/usr/bin:/bin; /path_to_my_php_script/info.php </dev/null)"

If that works, does it work like this?

/bin/sh -c "(export PATH=/usr/bin:/bin; /path_to_my_php_script/info.php </dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1)"

Step (3) is similar to how cron will run your program (as documented in "man 5 cron".

The most likely problem you're having is that the PATH cron is using to run your program is too restrictive. Therefore, you may wish to add something like the following to the top of your crontab entry (you'll need to add in whatever directories your script will need):

PATH=~/bin:/usr/bin/:/bin

Also note that cron will by default use /bin/sh, not bash. If you need bash, also add this to the start of your crontab file:

SHELL=/bin/bash

Note that both those changes will affect all the crontab entries. If you just want to modify these values for your info.php program, you could do something like this:

*/2 * * * * /bin/bash -c ". ~/.bashrc; /path_to_my_php_script/info.php"

It's also worth mentioning that on a system configured for "mail" (in other words a system which has an MTA configured [sendmail/postfix/etc]), all output from crontab programs is sent to you via email automatically. A default Ubuntu desktop system won't have local mail configured, but if you're working on a server you can just type "mail" in a terminal to see all those cron mails. This also applies to the "at" command.


Acer Aspire Z5610 Touchscreen All-in-One Dual Boot

This one is not Ubuntu's fault. It's a problem with your computer's BIOS not using the wireless keyboard and mouse as it should. When this happens, your options become very limited. The most practical one is to simply buy a wired keyboard. You can also change witch OS boots first by booting to Windows 7 and typing msconfig in the start menu search box. Run the program, select the startup tab, and move Ubuntu up or down. The problem with this is that when the computer reboots and boots into Ubuntu, Ubuntu can't change the Windows 7 bootloader settings to allow you back into Windows again. So, hunt around in your BIOS settings and see if you can find something that enables the USB keyboard. If not, buy a wired keyboard.


Update and upgrade error 12.04 and 13.04

Open in your terminal and type

sudo nano /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades

Then it will open a file and it looks like

There place the prompt value as either lts or never.

No problem with never value because you will get notified by web automatically if any version released.

hope that helps.


Help needed following an upgrade to Ubuntu 18.04

I reverted to 16.04, and I'm still using it. It serves my purposes, works well, and if I can't reliably upgrade to 18.04 then I shall stay with it as long as I can.


How can you burn an ISO image on a USB Flash Drive using K3b?

You can't burn an arbitrary ISO image to USB stick. Technically, you can, but it will not boot. For image to boot, it must have special USB-ish header, in which case it is called a "hybrid" image.

Is you image hybrid? If yes, just use dd command to copy it directly to your USB device, like:

dd if=EvilOS.iso of=/dev/sdh

Be very careful with what you put for the of argument (which will not necessarily be sdh) and read some manual on dd beforehand.

If no, find instructions specific to OS you want to put on USB. You will need to run some scripts or change ISO content in the process.


EDIT 1

I thought I resolved my issue by mounting a SC-5.1-3 Gembird sound card (~9 euro). It was recognized by Ubuntu without installing additional drivers.
After this, I choose analog output 5.1 from sound settings.

BUT the volume does not work for rear and center speackers, only for front.
AND every time I enter in sound settings it returns to 2 speacker stereo mode.

I even undo the 2 steps above. I put

 ; default-sample-channels = 6
 ; enable-lfe-remixing = yes

in etc/pulse/daemon.conf but nothing changed:)

(the gembird drivers are from year 2000)

Is there a solution to this or should i control the volume for rear and center from the bass only?

EDIT 2

I tried alsamixer after uninstalling pulseaudio. (The volume applet disappeared).
I did this folowing this tutorial http://www.hecticgeek.com/2012/01/how-to-remove-pulseaudio-use-alsa-ubuntu-linux/:

 sudo apt-get autoremove pulseaudio

and then from Software Center I installed gnome alsamixer.

I tested the 5.1 sound by (https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SurroundSound)

 speaker-test -Dplug:surround51 -c6 -l1 -twav

It worked fine but the volume controls from my keyboard didn't work as they did with pulse audio.
Also didn't work on browsers in real 5.1.

Then I removed gnome alsa mixer and reinstalled the pulseaudio via Software center. It took a while(2 attempts) to figure aut how to install pulse audio. The config that worked for me was:

PulseAudio sound server (pulseaudio) with optional addons:

GStreamer plugin (gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio)

X11 module (pulseaudio-module-x11)

Realtime Policy and Watchdog Daemon (rtkit)

(these 3 were checked by default)

PulseAudio Manager (paman)

(by cheking this add-on, after installing pulse audio with the first 3 checked, I hit apply changes and The pulse manager was installed together with the next 3 add-ons from Software center: Preferences, Volume control and Volume meter).

Now I have 2 ways of accessing the sound settings:

the one I was talking about earlier with "Sound" settings that every time I enter it makes the sound stereo.

2.and "PulseAudio Volume Control" that did the trick for me.

Anyway the problem with the volume being altered only in front speakers remains even dow in Volume Control it shoes all volumes (for all 6 channels) move at once, except mute that works for all 6 channels.

Also my System settings were broken after first pulseaudio uninstall and I repaired them at the end using this How to access System Settings when Ubuntu menu is broken?.

Also I did not altered the

 ; default-sample-channels = 6
 ; enable-lfe-remixing = yes

in etc/pulse/daemon.conf after reinstalling so my daemon.conf has the above 2 lines unaltered and my 5.1 works by testing it with vlc and an *.ac3 file.

Regarding the browsers surround I found this Does YouTube support 5.1 surround sound? and stopped struggling.


When I type "gedit .bash_aliases" I get an empty page

I believe .bash_aliases is empty by default.

Be sure you are using

gedit ~/.bash_history

and

gedit ~/.bash_aliases

Add in the aliases you wish and save the file


Run the Hardware Drivers program to check for propriatary graphics drivers, these run much faster than the open-source one's that are running on install...


A good LAN messaging and file-sharing application

Checkout the open source project Openfire, its a jabber protocol server so you will be able to setup your own private network and still use popular applications like Pidgin as it uses the XMPP protocol.

http://www.igniterealtime.org/projects/openfire/plugins.jsp

Checkout the plugin page to see how extensible it is and if it meets your needs.

It's java based so install should be a breeze.


Tutorial

Go to Lubuntu Menu > Preferences > Customize Look and Feel

To change the Default Font:

To change the Title Bar Font:

After customizing the settings the way you want just click "Apply"


How to Install OALD8 on Ubuntu 14.04 x64?

I was able to make the the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary (8th ed) tool working at my Xubuntu 14.04 box. It is not perfect, but it is running. :)

There is no need to install it system wide (i.e., using sudo).

I am considering you have the CD that comes with the Dictionary. Insert it in your machine.

Now, follow these instructions in the terminal:

1) Create a directory called oald8 in your Downloads folder;

mkdir ~/Downloads/oald8

2) Copy the folders linux and oald8.data to your oald8 (you must substitute pathtomedia for the appropriate path!)

cd /pathtomedia/OALD8
cp -r linux oald8.data ~/Downloads/oald8
cd ~/Downloads/oald8

3) Now execute the setup file from linux/setup.data/bin/Linux/x86.

cd linux
./setup.data/bin/Linux/x86/setup

This setup will ask to install the files at ~/oald8. You should accept this way, imho.

OBSERVATION

The Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary tools and libraries come in 32 bits. So, at this point, if you do not have 32bits compatibility, you will receive a message like:

bash: ./setup.data/bin/Linux/x86/setup: No such file or directory

If you got this, and you are sure the file exist (try to ls it), you have to install libc6:i386, libncurses5:i386 and libstdc++6:i386.

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libc6:i386 libncurses5:i386 libstdc++6:i386

You will also need the following packages to have the oald8's libraries working:

sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-0:i386 libpangoxft-1.0-0:i386 libpangox-1.0-0:i386

Also, you should install gtk2-engines-pixbuf:i386 and gtk2-engines-murrine:i386, since the program uses it.

sudo apt-get install gtk2-engines-pixbuf:i386 gtk2-engines-murrine:i386

If everything went right at step 3, now you have a icon in your desktop. After you hit it, the system will complain, saying it is not trusted (mark it executable and the warning will cease).

After the program launches, it will complain about the flashplayer. But you cannot install it through flashplugin-installer:i386 because it conflicts with the current flashplugin-installer.

If you run the oald8 in the terminal, you will find it wants a 32bit of version of libnssutil3.so.1d (which is part of libnss3-1d:i386) and libplc4.so.0d (which is part of libnspr4-0d:i386). But after installing these libraries, I got a segmentation fault (ftw!).

UPDATE (Some more fixes!)

Searching the web, I found this blog. That awesome guy shows how to fix the flash lib and explains the sound issue (I thought I had no sound because of the flash!).

4) He suggests to use the libflashplayer version 9r280+ (it worked in my box). You can download it from the macromedia archive, or you can try the wget command below.

cd ~/oald8/plugins
mv libflashplayer.so libflashplayer.so.old
mkdir flash9
cd flash9

wget http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/get/flashplayer/installers/archive/fp9r280_plus_archive.zip

unzip fp9r280_plus_archive.zip
tar -xvzf fp9r280_and_higher_archive/9r280/flashplayer9r280_linux.tar.gz
cp libflashplayer.so ../

5) He also explains the sound issue, and he suggests to use the padps wrapper. It is supposed to use the 32bits libpulsedsp.so, so, you need to install the libpulsedsp:i386 package.

sudo apt-get install libpulsedsp:i386

Unfortunately, the padsp script will insist to use the 64bits version of the library in the LD_PRELOAD environment variable. So, padsp is useless to this problem, and you will need to set the LD_PRELOAD by yourself before running the oald8 command. (Placing the 32bits version of the library in the 64bits folder also works... but this is an inelegant solution).

cd ~/oald8
LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/pulseaudio/libpulsedsp.so ./oald8

Finally, you can automate it. I suggest you to open the run-oald8.sh file, and include (at line 68, for example) the following command:

export LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/pulseaudio/libpulsedsp.so

It is still not perfect, but now I can use 95% of the tools. :D


Motion Computing m1400 - Wacom Touchscreen not recognized

I've had a similar trouble with a motion computing M1300 and it almost drive me mad.
You asked about two months ago, and although this answer may be arriving late, I hope it helps anyway.
Soooo here we go:
First thing first:
You don't have to install any driver. It's already installed in your Xubuntu 12.04. You just have to configure the stylus in Xorg.conf.
take a look at this post:
http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1840911.html
The solution its at the end where it says :

I also tried installing and patching inputattach but that doesn't seem to work
   either...
   Well that argues it is ISDV4. I'd feel better if we saw an ISDV4 product ID though.
   Good you checked that out.

   OK, this assumes your xorg.conf is empty. If instead there is something in it,
   probably to do with your Intel integrated video chipset, please post it. You'll
   still add the Wacom sections but we'll need to change the "ServerLayout":

   Section "InputDevice"
   Driver "wacom"
   Identifier "stylus"
   Option "Device" "/dev/ttyS4"
   Option "Type" "stylus"
   Option "Button2" "3"
   EndSection

   Section "InputDevice"
   Driver "wacom"
   Identifier "eraser"
   Option "Device" "/dev/ttyS4"
   Option "Type" "eraser"
   EndSection

   Section "ServerLayout"
   Identifier "X.org Configured"
   InputDevice "stylus"
   InputDevice "eraser"
   EndSection
Before you change anything if you have an xorg.conf first back it up. Backing up and restoring xorg.conf from the command line is discussed in Old serial tablet driver part II. on "HOW TO Set Up a Wacom Serial Tablet".

Use:

gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

All you have to do is:

Type  "dmesg | grep ttyS" in a Terminal window.
You showd get something like:
" 0:11: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq=4) is a 16550A"
Note that the "ttyS0" value may be different for you.
Write down the "ttySX" obtained.

Create,or modify it if it already exists, a xorg.conf file as indicated in the
post replacing "ttyS4" with the "ttySX" value obtained in step 1.

Reboot and enjoy.

In my particular case, the problem was that I assumed the stylus was not working because it was too old for new distros.
The result of doing a "dmesg | grep ttyS", at command line, lead me to think the wacom tablet model of my M1300 was an old serial ISD4. This kind of wacom tablets are not supported by new ubuntu ditros. But reading that post I discovered that Motion Computing M1300 and M1400 have ISDV4 wacom tablets that are fully supported but need to be configured in xorg.conf file.


Why does Ubuntu 12.04 randomly reboot in unity and gnome, but not in xfce?

Replaced the motherboard - issue resolved. I suspected it might have something to do with the interaction of the motherboard with the graphics card, but i couldn't understand why the issue would pop up under Gnome and Unity, but not Xfce. It might have something to do with the drivers or perhaps the strain on the system. Either way, replacing the motherboard completely resolved the issue.


Project got deleted from my user directory

It seems like your git files must have been overwritten when you rebooted, as you'd made the home directory the whole local git repo. Your user's home directory needs to contain certain files, such as .profile etc.

I think a safer way would be to make sure you clone to a directory within your user's home directory in future with:

git clone <git-source-repo> /home/user/project-name

Unfortunately that's not going to help you recover those lost files.


How to completely remove "certbot" from ubuntu?

Below steps worked for me when I needed the same solution.

Remove Certbot

sudo certbot delete

Remove Certbot's Apache package

sudo apt purge python-certbot-apache

Disable the SSL config file created by certbot

sudo a2dissite 000-default-le-ssl.conf

Remove certbot files manually

sudo rm -rf /etc/letsencrypt/
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/letsencrypt/
sudo rm -rf /var/log/letsencrypt/

Make sure the repo is updated and autoremove

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt autoremove

Cautious: Additionally you can also reinstall apache2 if needed for fresh config files

sudo apt purge apache2
sudo service apache2 restart

If mods-available folder also completely get purged during apache2 removal process then PHP will not be executed and code will be displayed on the browser. Please follow the below process in such case,

sudo apt purge libapache2-mod-php7.2
sudo apt install libapache2-mod-php7.2
sudo a2enmod php7.2
sudo apachectl configtest
sudo service apache2 restart

Hope this helps someone.


Triple Boot Windows 7/ Windows 8 RTM/ Ubuntu

Here's how to do it:

Make sure it will not go beyond the 4 primary partitions, otherwise, your PC will not boot up.
You can make extra partitions with the Gparted tool, but it will not aloww more than 4 primary partitions, (more extended parititions are allowed )
After making the sufficient space for Windows 8 then
Install Windows 8
Now you notice that only Windows 7 and 8 are listed in Windows' boot loader
Now you have two options:

add Ubuntu in Windows' boot loader by using easyBCD
Reinstall grub 2 by with a live CD. to see video  click here

After this if your windows in not listed in grub 2 then type sudo update-grub2

Even if Windows is not listed retry after mounting your Windows drive

Have a look at this video for updating grub2


Cannot find "Workspaces" in Ubuntu 20.04

In 20.04, there are two kinds of workspaces. Dynamic and static.

Dynamic workspaces are created as needed, and disappear when empty.

Many users find static workspaces a little easier to use. To enable them, start Tweaks (gnome-tweaks). If you don't have Tweaks installed, go to the Software app and install it, or in the terminal type:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweaks

Start Tweaks, then click on Workspaces, select Static Workspaces, and define a number of desired workspaces (I have 4).

Workspaces are viewed/managed by hitting the Super key. Look in the Keyboard Shortcuts settings panel to view all of the keys that can be used to manipulate workspaces.


"Your profile could not be opened correctly." while opening Chrome(ium)

Simply use

rm -r ~/.config/google-chrome/Default/Web\ Data

or (on Ubuntu 14.10)

rm -r ~/.config/chromium/Default/Web\ Data

or, for the lazy,

l ~/.config/google-chrome/Default/Web\ Data
l ~/.config/chromium/Default/Web\ Data
rm -rf ~/.config/google-chrome/Default/Web\ Data
rm -rf ~/.config/chromium/Default/Web\ Data

* Be careful while using rm -rf

UPDATE

I am really sick of seeing this error and I did this;

Make a file

nano ~/delete-chrome-web-data

Put this in it

#!/usr/bin/env bash
rm -rf ~/.config/chromium/Default/Web\ Data
rm -rf ~/.config/google-chrome/Default/Web\ Data

give the script execute permission

chmod u+x delete-chrome-web-data

And when I see that error, run: sh ~/delete-chrome-web-data


Checkout my Emacs extension emacs-ipython

https://github.com/burakbayramli/emacs-ipython

It shows the basic of running code through the ipython kernel. Getting error messages was not easy!


When I open terminal i find this message . how i resolve this?

My first suggestion would be to do a clean uninstall of anaconda and reinstall.

But if that's not possible

you need to install the virtualenvwrapper package, but specifically with the pip associated with the base anaconda python

~/anaconda3/bin/pip install virtualenvwrapper

If that installation fails, then there's something really broken with your anaconda installation, you need to wipe it and start over


Disable hibernation and Fast Boot in Windows.

Open command prompt as administrator.

Execute this command :  powercfg /h off

Open the old version of the Windows Control Panel.
Open Power Settings, enable show hidden settings.
Uncheck Fast startup in case that it still is enabled.

Shutdown the machine completely, do NOT reboot.
Start the computer - select the USB (UEFI) option ...

Maybe the install media is not configured properly.
Now create the Ubuntu installation media this way :

Open command prompt as administrator.

Execute these commands :

diskpart
list disk
select disk *
clean
create partition primary
active
format fs=fat32 quick
assign letter=**

Note : * = number of USB drive | ** = select a free drive letter

Mount the ISO file - copy the whole content to the USB drive.


How to install canon LBP2900 without communication error?

The system which i was tried, didn't have lp0 port, i was tried to assign my printer to lp0 port, the system have lp1 port. when i replaced command with sudo /usr/sbin/ccpdadmin -p LBP2900 -o /dev/usb/lp1

instead of sudo /usr/sbin/ccpdadmin -p LBP2900 -o /dev/usb/lp0 there by i fixed the issue

https://answerexpress.blogspot.com/2018/09/install-canon-lbp2900-driver-in-linux.html?showComment=1537011224549#c8502123259659790456


Try this:

Boot the Ubuntu live CD. Once up, open a terminal and see what partitions the kernel sees.

$ sudo fdisk -l

Note what device the attached HDDs are named such as dev/hda or /dev/hdb and so on...

Create mount point

$ mkdir /media/hdd1

$ mkdir /media/hdd2

Mount each HDD as follows:

$ sudo mount /dev/hda? /media/hdd1

$ sudo mount /dev/hda? /media/hdd2

Note:

? is the partition number so if each HDD has multiple partitions then mount each of them accordingly.


Thank you Mark, the answer in your linked helped me to get rid of it.

ps l gave only two lines but pstree -p $USER spit out a long tree list and I could find the parent was marco (a part of d.conf in Ubuntu Mate): I had created some shortcuts in d.fonf editor.

I had terminated marco in system-monitor and all zenity's were gone. Stupidly I did this while the terminal still was running and all the windows were messed up, so I had to reboot. But now all is fine and I learned something new again :)


Ubuntu 20.04 cannot boot live CD in VirtualBox

Check the sha256sum for the iso that you are attempting to boot from to ensure the download wasn't corrupted. If the checksum fails, the iso is unlikely to boot. I have run into this one a few times.
In Windows 10 you can right click the iso and select "CRC-SHA -> SHA-256" and compare the result to the SHA256SUM posted in the releases area. eg https://releases.ubuntu.com/20.04/SHA256SUMS


Software Updater can't check for updates

Check if you have any broken repositories by sudo apt update and if there is any, click on 'settings' bellow the error and on the 'Other Software' tab deselect the broken repository and also select the best server for your region.
Run sudo apt update again and open software updater again. This worked fine for me.


Happy with 18.04, except for suspend behaviour. Should I update to 18.10>>>19.04

Unlikely. If that is all stick with LTS if you can not be bothered with what a not-LTS offers.

Mind that IF 18.10 or 19.04 do get a fix for this it will trickle down to 18.04. But the problem is likely on the hardware/bios level. The log files in /var/log/ might help identifying what went wrong. And it might be worth checking what you have as bios and see if there are updates for it.

I went for another solution that keeps me away from suspend and hibernate. I have not used those 2 for several years now: I put a SSD as main disk in my machine: booting into the desktop takes roughly 7 seconds. That is quick enough for me as I mainly use mine during a commute from and to work.


SSH "Permission Denied (Public Key)" Automatically re-occuring problem

This is now resolved.

It was not an issue with SSH, nor the config tutorials but rather an incorrect diagnosis of the problem.

It turns out the SSH access issue did occur on a 24-48 hour basis, but looking back, this was only because 1) someone unplugged it, 2) we had a power-cut 3) I rebooted after a big update.

The common denominator being that I restarted the server, meaning when I was not logged in, my home directory remained encrypted and my authorized keys were not registering. Doh... what a noob.

So it was a red herring. The solution (moving the auth keys file out of the encrypted home directory) can be found in the wonderful Ubuntu ssh guide - troubleshooting section


You did the worst possible approach trying to fix the system, you removed the kernels along with everything that allowed you to boot and to make things better that wouldn't have fixed your ELF problem. If you have internet in the chroot environment do the following:

sudo apt-get install debsums
debsums -s

This will produce a list of packages. Do the following with all of them:

sudo apt-get --reinstall install package1 package2 package3

Once you have done this, repair your GRUB:

sudo apt-get purge grub-common grub-gfxpayload-lists grub-pc grub-pc-bin grub2-common
sudo apt-get install grub-common grub-gfxpayload-lists grub-pc grub-pc-bin grub2-common

From there we could try to fix your ELF problem.


How to configure Java for Jenkins on Ubuntu

After understanding how Jenkins allows us to override configuration and debugging init script, i found multiple ways to tackle this situation.

Override PATH variable in /etc/default/jenkins(I prefer this solution)
PATH=<PATH to your JAVA>
Modify PATH variable in /etc/init.d/jenkins(prefix your path  to java)
PATH=<PATH to your JAVA>:/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin
Force Jenkins to use Java that you specify in /etc/init.d/jenkins
JAVA='<PATH to your JAVA>/java'

Note: <PATH to your JAVA> is an absolute path to your java location
        For E.g. 1. /usr/lib/jvm//bin in case of JDK
                2. /usr/lib/jvm//jre/bin in case of JRE


I have recently had this issue and found that by manually downloading the liblz4-1 and installing with sudo dpkg -i liblz4* fixed the problem.

Be warned - installing packages like this has the potential to break your system

But then just using apt has the potential to break your system!!


What to use to connect to nomachine's server?

remmina
Remmina is a remote desktop client written in GTK+, aiming to be useful for system administrators and travellers, who need to work with lots of remote computers in front of either large monitors or tiny netbooks. Remmina supports multiple network protocols in an integrated and consistant user interface. Currently RDP, VNC, NX, XDMCP and SSH are supported.
Remmina is released in separated source packages:
 "remmina", the main GTK+ application
 "remmina-plugins", a set of plugins
 "remmina-gnome", the GNOME desktop applet
 "remmina-xfce", the Xfce panel plugin

Remmina is free and open-source software, released under GNU GPL license.
screenshots : here


Remap a key to Ctrl and make it behave like Ctrl during text editing

Assigning a key to another is unique when the key is a modifier.
 This answer has a good explanation:

  The action, when it is a modifier action such as this, changes the current modifier state, which (simply put) is a set of flags recorded in the operating system that record what modifiers are currently "on". [This record] influences what action further keypresses map to.

And so when you are trying to map your key, it is being mapped as a regular key and losing information which specifies how it behaves when multiple keys are pressed.

To demonstrate, run xmodmap. Note that there are two default keys (Control_L and Control_R) mapped to the control modifier. If you run xmodmap -e 'keycode 131 = Control_L'  and then xmodmap, the control modifier should still have two keys, so your key isn't being recognized as a modifier.

To map as a modifier:

Clear the modifier key control

xmodmap -e 'clear control'

Add the keycode for the Hanja key

xmodmap -e 'keycode 131 = Control_L'

Lastly, add back the default modifiers:

xmodmap -e 'add control = Control_L'
xmodmap -e 'add control = Control_R'

Now, if you were to run xmodmap again, you will notice a new key has been added for the modifier control, and it should work correctly now.

Here is a link to official Arch Linux instructions on reassigning modifiers to keys on your keyboard.

edit:

for persistent changes, add to /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/pl:

key <HJCV> { [ Control_L ] };

modifier_map Control { Control_L, Control_R, <HJCV> };


Drivers in linux kernel for this adapter are not very good.

Download THIS FILE

Also linux-firmware should be updated for 12.04.

Copy it to your home folder and run

sudo dpkg -i rtlwifi-new-dkms_0.5_all.deb

If there are no errors, reboot.


Android Studio fails downloading SDK Components

I didn't use the shell to install Android Studio, but I had a similar error message, when starting Android Studio and it wanted to update it.
What I did, was going to /opt/ and using chmod -R 777 on all the android directories.


Inexpensive way to get Ubuntu LTS with 100% certainty that it has not been compromised

md5sum
The cheapest way with a 100% guarantee that the ISO you've downloaded is not compromised is by running a md5sum on the ISO AND running a similar routine on the burnt CD.

The program md5sum is designed to verify data integrity using the MD5
(Message-Digest algorithm 5) 128-bit cryptographic hash. MD5 hashes
used properly can confirm both file integrity and authenticity.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToMD5SUM

Both how to run the md5sum on the ISO and the CD is fully documented in the community wiki link but in summary:

obtain your md5sum hash here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuHashes

run your MD5SUM on 12.04.x using the name of the ISO e.g.

md5sum ubuntu-12.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso

find the size of your ISO you've downloaded via

ls -l ubuntu-12.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso

Then use this value to test the CD:

dd if=/dev/cdrom bs=1 count=[insert your ls-l number here] | md5sum


VLC media player is not displaying video, but audio works

Go to Tools→Preferences→Video
Remove the tick for Accelerated video output (Overlay)
Try and play the movie again, you should now see output.

Or

2.

Go to Tools→Preferences->Video
Change Output to X11 Video output

If the above doesn't work, that particular video might have a proprietary video format that is not supported.

Reference here.


If you don't specify any device, grub-install has installed grub on default partition /dev/sda.

You can try to can check if it is all ok if

sudo update-grub

will generate grub configuration file without errors and if you see in command results an entry for each OS (or different kernel version) that you have installed on your machine.

You can find more information typing on your terminal man grub-install or info grub-install.


How to install drivers for NVIDIA (NVS 5200m) for Dell Latitude E6430 laptop in Ubuntu 13.04

Your problem seems to be identical/very similar with this one: How can drivers for Nvidia graphics cards be installed on Ubuntu 13.04 without messing up the OS?

I think the answer I've wrote there might apply in your case as well.

Good luck and let us know what happens!


How do I obtain the debian-installer for Ubuntu Server 18.04.3 LTS?

Ubuntu Server ISO images with debian-installer continue to be available, including for 18.04.3 LTS. There is no need to use media for an earlier point release. You most likely want ubuntu-18.04.3-server-amd64.iso, though other architectures are available.

On the main download page, the Use the traditional installer link takes you to a section for the "Alternative Ubuntu Server installer." These are the non-live ISO images for Ubuntu Server that use debian-installer (as Ubuntu Server has used exclusively for most of its history). This is in contrast to the more recently introduced live server images, which use curtin.

The link there for 18.04.3 LTS takes you to http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/18.04.3/release/. The alternative server ISOs have names like ubuntu-18.04.3-server-arm64.iso; this indicates they use debian-installer. This is in contrast to the server ISOs offered at http://releases.ubuntu.com/18.04.3/, which have names like ubuntu-18.04.3-live-server-amd64.iso and use curtin.

http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/18.04.3/release/ has other architectures, .torrent and .jigdo files (including for the alternative server ISO), the preinstalled images, and manifest and checksum files for everything offered there.


Make a sound if the command lasted more than X minutes

Thanks for the idea, might be useful for me too in the future and was a nice excuse to learn bash, sorry for any common mistakes, just slapped this script into existence from a bunch of Google searches in less than 15 min.

Usage: script.sh "command" 29 (29 is the time in seconds) and I didn't implement the actual command to make the sound. You have to google the best option for your needs and replace it

#!/bin/bash
eval $1 &
PID=$!
let "timer=0"
let "increase=1"
let "mtime=$2"
while true; do
    if [ "$(ps -p $PID -o pid=)" = "" ]; then exit; fi
    let "timer=timer+increase"
    if [[ timer -gt mtime ]]; then
        let "timer=0"
        let "increase=0"
        replaceme-with-sound-command
    fi
    sleep 1
done

And no, I do not know any method to warp every command into some other, best-case-scenario you can remove the extension and put the above script somewhere in your $PATH with a short name like 'tm' to ease of access


According to the manual page man scp:

File names may contain a user and host specification to indicate that the
file is to be copied to/from that host.  Local file names can be made
explicit using absolute or relative pathnames to avoid scp treating file
names containing ‘:’ as host specifiers.  Copies between two remote hosts
are also permitted.

So, you can prepend the local filename with an absolute path, or just the simple relative path ./ i.e.

scp "./vogo_psql_db:2017-08-30T18:00:01.762662" "username@xx.xx.xx.xx:db-dump"


Pipe a single application's sound to another machine via pulseaudio

follow this link: How to stream music over the network to multiple computers? to set it up. one change i had to do was to use pavucontrol to pipe only the banshee sound like was suggested in the pictures. the unity volumecontrol didnt seem to have the option.


Re-install natty on top of an existing set up - possible?

When performing an installation using the CD we have the choice to update an existing system rather than reformatting the whole drive:

This feature will not work properly in a multi-boot setting.

In any case it is strongly recommended to update your data prior to upgrading


In the sidebar of the Remmina screen, there is an option to show the full screen:


Dell Inspiron 14(3421) running Windows 7 Pro as default primary OS and Ubuntu as secondary OS?

Unfortunately its not possible to do the old 'install the bootloader to a specific partition' trick on ubuntu. The 'best' way to do what you want is to install ubuntu, let it overwrite the bootloader that windows installed, then reinstall the bootloader with something like easybcd (hit 'see plans' for the free version). This should set up the windows bootloader as the main bootloader, and windows 7 as the first option, and the linux bootloader as a secondary option.


Is it possible to install latest version of RaySession on Ubuntu MATE 20.04 LTS?

The lrelease executable is contained in two development packages. We have already installed one of them - qtchooser, so we also need to install the second one - qttools5-dev-tools which provides /usr/lib/qt5/bin/lrelease file:
sudo apt-get install qttools5-dev-tools

and then resume compilation by
cd ~/Downloads/RaySession
make
sudo make install

Then we need to install two additional packages to resolve runtime dependencies:
sudo apt-get install liblo7 python3-liblo wmctrl

and finally enjoy the RaySession application.


no HDMI audio output device in settings (Ubuntu 16.04)

I found a solution in this other answer.
I had do add this line
load-module module-alsa-sink device=hw:1,3

to /etc/pulse/default.pa, and then restart pulseaudio with
pulseaudio -k

After that, the HDMI audio device appeared in the list in the audio settings.
I obtained the coordinates 1:3 of hw:1,3 looking at the output of aplay -l


I recommend you to reinstall all packages on your system that are known to have files in the deleted /usr/lib/gcc directory.

The output of dpkg -S /usr/lib/gcc told us which packages this are, in your case:

gcc-5-base:amd64, libgcc-5-dev:amd64, cpp-5, gcc-5, gcc-6-base:amd64

Now let's reinstall all of them:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall gcc-5-base:amd64 libgcc-5-dev:amd64 cpp-5 gcc-5 gcc-6-base:amd64

You can alternatively automate this process and leave the parsing of the package list to sed.
That way you only have to run this single command:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall $(dpkg -S /usr/lib/gcc | sed 's/,\|: .*//g')


how to make USSD call from huawei data card E1731

While using gammu to send ussd the device must not be connected to internet.Use the command gammu-detect -> .gammurc to automatically generate the config file in your home directory. Open the hidden config file and check for detected devices like gammu, gammu1, gammu2 etc.Send ussd by issuing commands in terminal like sudo gammu getussd *123# , sudo gammu 1 getussd *123# , sudo gammu 2 getussd *123# etc to change between different devices.Good luck :)


Ignoring the booting problems, and if the hard drive still works 100% OK, then you just need to boot the live USB, mount the old hard drive, and copy your files off (to the external drive apparently).

Disks / gnome-disk-utility should let you do that with a few clicks

mount (the "play" button) the partitions to copy from & to, and away you go.

Or in a terminal:

Identify the drives to mount, they'll probably be a /dev/sdXN device, using lsblk or lsblk -o +LABEL,FSTYPE should help identify the right drives.
Have directories to mount them to (mkdir a b)
mount -v /dev/sdm1 a
mount -v /dev/sdn1 b

Copy (cp) the files you want from your old drive to the new one

In case your filesystem or drive is damaged, see these for more info:

How do I recover my accidentally lost Windows partitions after installing Ubuntu?
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DataRecovery

and consider making a drive image first (that you can experiment with & break without serious consequences) with gddrescue


I fould this on http://subbass.blogspot.com/2009/05/is-your-nautilus-slow-to-open.html

  Is your Nautilus slow to open directories?

  Fix Naultilus slow loading some directories.

  If nautilus is taking an age to load some directories on your computer
  then you may have Assistive Technologies enabled.

  Simply go to the System menu on your desktop and then in Preferences.
  Click on Assistive Technologies.Untick the box marked "Enable
  Assistive Technologies" and choose "Close and Log Out" at the bottom
  of the window.


It is a feature, after all. If you have printers that you installed a separate driver in order to work, do search for network printer and enter the server's IP address. It will allow you to connect to your printer via IPP and no additional labour needs to be done.


Sync only selected subfolders to UbuntuOne?

There should be an option to do so when you right click on a folder:


To which directory should I install a program from a bash script?

If you want it for all users, /opt is a great place.

/opt is for entire software packages (rather than those that are split up across the various directories). See the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard.

Google Chrome, for example, installs to /opt


How to save/download an audio/sound file from internet? (not from Youtube)

Common practice is to open "Developer Tools" in Firefox (Ctrl+Shift+I), go to "Network" tab, reload a page and then find the appropriate file that is being downloaded (usually the largest, MP3/MPEG) and then "Copy URL" from the right click menu on the file.

Then you can download it using you favorite downloader or in the another Firefox tab.


If I dual boot Windows 10 and Ubuntu, could a keylogger affect me if i'm on Ubuntu?

No: when you boot into Ubuntu, programs stored on the Windows 10 partition cannot be run and cannot log what you are doing on Ubuntu.

Windows also can not store files on an Ubuntu system since it does not recognize ext4 filesystems.

So for a virus/keylogger/whatever to infest Ubuntu, it would need to magically move itself to something you can open in Ubuntu. You need to activate that something by making it executable, clicking it in Ubuntu to run it and it would need to have valid instructions for an Ubuntu system to be able to run.

Not going to happen any time soon.

A possible method (but it is a stretch): from Windows you get infected by  UEFI malware; when Ubuntu is booted it copies some software over to your Ubuntu system and executes itself. (that is assuming something can be copied over from an UEFI partition to another partition).


How to separate opened windows in alt+tab switcher in Ubuntu 18.04?

Go to Settings > Devices > Keyboard and scroll down the list of shortcuts. Alt+Tab will be the shortcut for Switch Applications.

What you want is to set Alt+Tab  on Switch Windows instead, so click Switch Applications and press backspace to clear the shortcut for it. Click set. Then click Switch Windows and set Alt+Tab there instead. This will give you the desired function.


How to install package from 12.04 on 14.04?

If you do not want to impair your system, than download the deb files an install with

sudo dpkg -i your_deb_file

but even that is not without risk. Preparing yourself that you could get problems.


Try Fn+F8
Or you can try sudo dhclient eth0 sudo


First, be aware that in EFI mode, the computer doesn't really present options to boot disks; it boots files. (There are sometimes entries for disks that boot the fallback boot loader, EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi. These are intended for use on removable media, but can be used to boot hard disks in some cases.) When Ubuntu is installed, you should see a new boot entry called ubuntu in the computer's boot manager. It could be that you got such an entry but didn't see it because you were looking for something else, in which case you created problems for yourself when you tried your second install. OTOH, it could also be that a bug in the Ubuntu installer or in your firmware caused the ubuntu entry to not be created. In the latter case, you might want to check the following questions and their answers:

efibootmanager -o changes are lost on reboot
Windows 8 removes Grub as default boot manager
How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?)

The second two of those mostly apply to dual-boot setups, which I gather you don't have, so they're probably less applicable than the first one.

As to the partition issues, GPT uses more of the disk than does MBR. Thus, if you convert from GPT to MBR using tools that don't know about the GPT data structures, or that just don't bother to erase them, you'll end up with MBR with remnants of the GPT data structures. Some tools, including my own GPT fdisk (gdisk, cgdisk, and sgdisk), will notice this and offer to use the GPT data. This is an intentional design decision to aid in case of damage to the GPT data structures, but it can be confusing if you used a dumb program that didn't completely erase old GPT data structures.

As a general rule, if you boot in BIOS mode, you should use MBR on your disk(s); and if you boot in EFI mode, you should use GPT on your disk(s). Ubuntu is more flexible than this and can boot in BIOS mode from a GPT disk or in EFI mode from an MBR disk, but doing so sometimes causes problems. In multi-boot scenarios, other OSes (particularly Windows) are less flexible. For these reasons, it's best to stick to the conventional MBR/BIOS and GPT/EFI linkages.

Overall, then, I recommend you start over with GPT and EFI-mode booting. Upon reboot, if Ubuntu doesn't boot and you don't see an ubuntu entry in your firmware's boot manager, see the links above (especially the first one) for a solution. If you need more help, be sure to say what brand and model your computer is and when you bought it -- EFIs from certain manufacturers, and especially older ones (say, from 2011 and 2012) tend to be flaky and can require awkward workarounds.


How to solve a scrolling misbehavior after doing Alt+Tab?

Installing and running imwheel fixes the problem for me.

$ sudo apt-get install imwheel
$ imwheel
INFO: imwheel started (pid=80085)

You have to start it at every boot (or add it at the applications to start).
pgrep -lf imwheel to see if it's running ; you can stop it with pkill imwheel.

/!\ It disables the zoom by Ctrl + wheel in applications (Firefox, Chromium, LibreOffice, PDF reader...)
(Maybe a setting in imwheelrc could fix that)


Ubuntu 15.10 server - Do I need an email client on my server for it to get, read and parse emails?

Do I even need an email client?

Yes, retrieving e-mail from a distant mail server is by definition a mail client's job. It does not need to be a full-fledged desktop program like Thunderbird however, fetchmail should do the job for you.

  Why am I even able to to send email without it getting authenticated through the Walnutel.net email account to give it the credentials or credibility that I thought the Internet's emailing infrastructure would demand?

For the same reason you are able to write any address on the top-left corner of an envelope before putting it in the box without proving that you really live there: certifying the sender's identity is not a goal of the system.


Alsamixer or Pulseaudio reverts PCM channel level to 100% in 14.04

The answer to this question solved the problem:
gksudo gedit /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/analog-output.conf.common

and change:
[Element PCM]
volume = merge

to:
[Element PCM]
volume = ignore

Note that a reboot is required for this to take hold.


bash: ./configure: No such file or directory while installing FFMPEG

Permissions look fine

-rwxr-xr-x  1 m-usman m-usman 114524 May  3  2012 configure

But something is preventing it from executing. This can happen because of several reasons, most common are:

Architecture mismatch. E.g. my Bash shell shown here:

$ file /bin/bash
/bin/bash: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.26, BuildID[sha1]=0x5bb332752cc304fa7fbb838bdf7d7766ffc7a8a1, stripped

Would not run on a RaspberryPi (ARM) or any 32bit (x86) system:

$ uname -a
Linux raspberry 3.12.20 #1 PREEMPT Thu May 29 01:23:51 CEST 2014 armv6l GNU/Linux

This does not seem to be the problem because as far as I remember, configure files are shell scripts, but it could be in other cases, so I thought it would be useful to point it too.
Mount options prevent from executing files. You can check this with the mount command without options. In the following example I could run ~/executable.bin but not /run/shm/file.sh

tmpfs on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=1593900k)
/dev/sda5 on /home type ext4 (rw,nosuid,nodev,nodiratime,relatime,user_xattr,barrier=1,data=ordered,discard)

Other more advanced scenarios such as

3.1 SELinux restrictions

Again, this is not the case, the ls -l output would show a dot in the permissions column (-rwxr-xr-x.)

3.2 ulimit constraints

Not your problem, and probably the message error would be different (feel free to edit the post and remove this entry if you think it only adds noise to the answer).

PS: If you provide the output of mount too, we will check option #2.


My hardware can handle OpenGL 3.2 but my system throws error related to the OpenGL version that my computer supports

Try to install the latest driver for your video card:

Open a Terminal with Ctrl+Alt+t and type:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

Then restart your system to see if proprietary drivers helped to get OpenGL 3.2 support.

You can see the supported version using the nvidia-settings utility:


Setting nomodeset in the F6 menu on booting solved the problem.
Safe Graphics Mode. A new option is added to the GRUB menu in 19.04 and later which will boot with nomodeset on. This may help you resolve issues on certain graphics cards and allow you to boot and install any proprietary drivers needed by your system.
From the purple ubuntu screen press the F6 key. If you don't see this screen, shutdown, boot from the Ubuntu live USB again, and immediately after the BIOS/UEFI splash screen during boot, with BIOS, quickly press and hold the Shift key, which will bring up a GNU GRUB menu screen. With UEFI press (perhaps several times) the Esc key to get to the GNU GRUB menu screen. Sometimes the manufacturer's splash screen is a part of the Windows bootloader, so when you power up the machine it goes straight to the GNU GRUB menu screen, and then pressing Shift is unnecessary.

If the Ubuntu installer either does not start or starts and then freezes, press the F6 key and enable the nomodeset kernel boot option by following the instructions in the nomodeset tag wiki.

Rufus is a utility that helps format and create bootable USB flash drives, such as USB keys/pendrives, memory sticks, etc. Rufus can be especially useful in cases where bootable media created in Windows by other GUI Linux live USB creators such as Universal USB Installer and UNetbootin gets stuck and won't boot. Rufus is the recommended application at the official Ubuntu website for making a bootable live Ubuntu USB on Windows. Rufus can also make a bootable Windows 10 USB.
System requirements
Windows XP or later, 32-bit or 64-bit
Usage

You will need a 2GB or larger USB flash drive and an Ubuntu iso file. For Ubuntu 18.04 and later the USB flash drive should be 4GB or larger.  Download the Rufus executable file for Windows from here and run it. No installation is necessary.

Select your device volume label.

Click the drive image to select the Ubuntu .iso file.

If it's an Ubuntu .iso, Rufus will automatically select the FAT32 file system.

Click Start, and a message will appear saying that all of your USB data will be deleted and the USB drive will be formatted.

Click OK.

Click Close.

Rufus is not the strongest of all programs for creating an Ubuntu live USB that will boot without fail. The strongest method is to use a terminal program called dd to write the Ubuntu Minimal CD to a USB flash drive. Unfortunately dd is not a Windows program unless you have Windows Subsystem for Linux (version 2 or later recommended) or Cygwin installed in Windows.


Uget download speed is limited to 100 KBps!

uGet has an option to limit the bandwidth. It's in Settings -> Bandwidth. I believe, somehow you turned on that option. Check it and disable. To disable, set them to 0


Don't do that, 3.6 is default Python 3 in Bionic.

If you just want less typing then define shell alias.


Command line way to know the cycles (phases) of the moon

You can try this python script which seems to base its calculation  on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_phase#Calculating_phase.

$ python moonphase.py
Full Moon (0.503)


Can I run the same instance on two machines, without connecting from remote?

If you mean "connecting from remote" as a remote desktop solution, then yes, that is not necessary. You do need to synchronize them somehow, and we have solutions for that. For instance, Ubuntu One can be used to synchronize files between computers. There is also something called OneConf that can be used to synchronize application settings, etc.


Windows 7 suspend failed after Ubuntu 12.04 installation

I also faced the same issue.

I fixed it by making the Windows system drive (usually C:) active using any partitioning utility (like diskpart).


You can hide the mounted devices

gconftool --set /apps/compiz-1/plugins/unityshell/screen0/options/devices_option  --type=int 0

You can also show them

gconftool --set /apps/compiz-1/plugins/unityshell/screen0/options/devices_option  --type=int 1


I cant install ubuntu properly on my dell inspiron 15R (N5110)

Grub needs to go to the MBR, in other words, /dev/sda, which is also the default choice. You could also install grub on the Ubuntu partition, and then use EasyBCD to make the Windows bootloader boot Ubuntu. Don't try installing Grub anywhere else, fist, it won't work, second, you might overwrite important files.

Link to EasyBCD: http://neosmart.net/dl.php?id=1


Dual boot Ubuntu studio with Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS

You do not need the installer to recognize another OS to do coinstallation. That is just a convenience feature. What you need now is to boot LiveUSB, run a tool called Gparted, and shrink the existing Ubuntu partition to free up some space, then create an empty partition there. Apply changes, run the installator, and install into the new partition.

Needless to say, one mistake with Gparted, and you lose all your data.

You should not try to share /boot partition between distros, it is a very bad idea for a new user. Actually, if you use EFI, you do not need separate /boot partition at all.


No python intepreter in vim for Ubuntu 16.04

remove vim and install vim-nox, since you don't need a GUI.

sudo apt-get install vim-nox


AFAIK, palm sensing is not exposed through the graphical touchpad configuration tool. That said, you could try playing with it by using synclient.

To see what options are available, run synclient -l | grep -i palm

PalmDetect              = 0
PalmMinWidth            = 10
PalmMinZ                = 200

Those are the options I see, so, to activate the palm sensing, run synclient PalmDetect=1, and then experiment with the values of the other two.

   "PalmMinWidth" "integer"
          Minimum finger width at which touch is considered a palm.  Prop‐
          erty: "Synaptics Palm Dimensions"

   "PalmMinZ" "integer"
          Minimum  finger  pressure  at  which touch is considered a palm.
          Property: "Synaptics Palm Dimensions"

When you find the right values, create a startup entry in Startup Applications with a command of the following form:

synclient PalmDetect=1 PalmMinWidth=xx PalmMinZ=yy

...where xx and yy are the desired values.


How to fake Ubuntu version number to applications

So is there any way I can fake a version number to the installation script so it can install?

Do you know how it tests for the version number? /etc/lsb-release contains...

DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=13.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=raring
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 13.04"

and is a text file so you can edit this. It might be the file that is used to test what version you are using.


Apache syntax problem with listen to localhost

The Listen directive requires a port number which instructs Apache to listen to.

Examples:

# Listen to incoming connection from anywhere on port 80
Listen 80

# Listen to incoming connection originating
# from the local machine only on port 808-
Listen 127.0.0.1:8080

# The following won't work as there isn't any port number specified
Listen 127.0.0.1

On a side note; Although it may work, using hostnames instead of IPs with the Listen directive is not documented. So I'd recommend switching localhost with 127.0.0.1.


Does anyone know how to get Linux to recognize my Pinnacle video digitizer box?

Much can depend on the chip. This works for the EasyCap DC60+ which is based on an Empia 2861 chip.

With it plugged in type lsusb in a terminal to find out what type it is if the following doesn't work.

Assuming it is supported, using VLC it should be easy. Connect the device and open VLC. In VLC select media/open capture device. If using S video as a source, hit play. If using composite you will need to take an additional step - hit advanced options and then in the video input box select 1 (that's composite - s video is 0 (default).

If all is good on the video front, there is then audio. If it works - great. If it doesn't,like on the Easycap you can always bypass the card with a 2XRCA into 3.5 jack and plug it into the mic/line in socket.
Hope this helps.


Launcher replaced by gray area in Ubuntu Virtualbox

You can try to reset Unity settings.
Type this into your Terminal (press CTRL+ALT+T):

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools && dconf reset -f /org/compiz/ && setsid unity

If unity doesn't correctly restart, then just restart the PC, and it should work again.


System frequently hangs and lagging response

It was indeed HDD problem. Replacing the HDD fixed the issue.


Watching Netflix in Firefox on Ubuntu 20.04 generates error F7355

You don't have DRM enabled and thus you are missing Widevine plugin to decode the DRM protected Netflix content.

First make sure you have the media codecs installed
sudo apt install libavcodec-extra

Then enable DRM:
Open Firefox and type about:preferences#content in the address bar. Look for Digital Rights Management (DRM) Content field and check the box in front of Play DRM-controlled content.

This will start to install the Widevine plugin from Google. Depending on your network speed it will take a few minutes to install this add-on.

Make sure that you have the required add-ons:
Open a new tab in Firefox and type about:addons in the address bar. Make sure that you have Widevine and OpenH264 add-ons installed with ‘Always Active’ mode.

Restart Firefox.

You should know be able to play Netflix via the Firefox web browser.


Help - Ubuntu creates a temp file for every file I edit

Do you use gedit?

If so, uncheck the following settings in Edit | Preferences menu:

File Saving:

Create a backup copy of files before saving
Autosave files in every [ ] minutes

Doing so will disable these „safety features” of the editor. It might be better though to keep these enabled and run a pre-upload script to clean up the unwanted files (or filter them in your synchronization client).


Ubuntu 13.10 NetworkManager "Dump inconsistency detected" System Freeze

As far as I can see there is a UBUNTU BUG already created, replicated and triaged here

NetworkManager[14155]:  nl_recvmsgs() error: (-33) Dump inconsistency detected, interrupted


How do I configure a machine to respond or not respond to ping requests?

You can this through two methods: using ufw or iptables.

Using UFW

You need to add:

-A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j DROP

to:

/etc/ufw/before.rules

then run:

sudo ufw disable
sudo ufw enable

Using iptables

Add the following rules:

iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -o eth0 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-reply -s 0/0 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type destination-unreachable -s 0/0 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type time-exceeded -s 0/0 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -i eth0 -j DROP


Python calculation incredibly slow Ubuntu 20.10

This is less of an answer and more of a comparison.
My test results, using the example code, and done on VMs.
Host: Debian GNU/Linux bullseye/sid ; i7-2600K
VM1: Ubuntu desktop, 20.10, python 3.8.6
VM2: Ubuntu desktop, 18.04.5 LTS, python 2.7.17 and python 3.6.9
VM1: 13 minutes and 39 seconds
VM2: 12 minutes and 43 seconds (python 3.6.9)
VM2: 12 minutes and 37 seconds (python 2.7.17)
7% degradation for 20.10 verses 18.04.
Concurrently, I always have turbostat running, on the host in this example, watching for any signs of throttling, either by power limits or temperature limits for whatever. (actually, I know that there won't be for this test, but due diligence.)(Note: RAMWatt is actually not available on this processor.):
doug@s15:~/iso$ sudo turbostat --Summary --quiet --show Busy%,Bzy_MHz,IRQ,PkgWatt,PkgTmp,RAMWatt --interval 30
Busy%   Bzy_MHz IRQ     PkgTmp  PkgWatt
12.66   3795    15374   58      27.97 <<< 8 CPUs, 1 at 100%
12.70   3794    14718   58      28.01 <<< not too hot
12.68   3794    16987   59      28.01 <<< not too much power, TDP=95
12.67   3796    12782   60      28.01 <<< CPU frequency pinned
12.67   3795    16558   59      28.03
12.68   3795    14234   59      28.02
12.67   3794    16392   59      28.00
12.69   3794    14459   58      27.99
12.67   3795    15074   59      28.02
12.69   3795    14088   59      28.02
12.69   3794    17271   59      28.03
12.73   3793    16606   59      28.04
12.68   3794    16550   59      27.96
12.70   3794    14759   58      27.96
12.70   3793    18363   60      27.98
12.72   3793    17089   59      28.01
12.70   3794    17496   60      28.00
12.72   3793    17314   59      28.01
11.11   3792    15402   48      25.00  <<< done
0.22    2474    7189    40      4.33
0.30    2725    10450   41      4.42
0.26    2764    6473    35      4.26

Note the slight CPU frequency variation is due to multi active cores, as per this (from running turbostat without the --quiet command line option):
cpu4: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x23242526
35 * 100.0 = 3500.0 MHz max turbo 4 active cores
36 * 100.0 = 3600.0 MHz max turbo 3 active cores
37 * 100.0 = 3700.0 MHz max turbo 2 active cores
38 * 100.0 = 3800.0 MHz max turbo 1 active cores


rlt8814AU driver was working...suddenly stopped 16.04

Your kernel is too new to work with that source code, check dkms status to see what your old kernel was as I would think it is 4.10.0-?

What you can do is reboot and hold the SHIFT key until the Grub Menu appears and scroll down to Advanced Options, press enter and you should see a new menu, scroll down to the first entry for an older kernel and press enter.  Then in terminal
cd Desktop
git clone https://github.com/jeremyb31/rtl8814AU.git

Reboot and let it boot into the 4.13 kernel automatically, then in terminal sudo dkms remove rtl8814AU/4.3.21 -k $(uname -r)
sudo dkms uninstall rtl8814AU/4.3.21
sudo rm -r /usr/src/rtl8814AU-4.3.21
sudo rm -r /var/lib/dkms/rtl8814AU
cd Desktop
sudo dkms add rtl8814AU
sudo dkms install rtl8814AU/1.0

Reboot and let it use the 4.13 kernel


How to remap keyboard shortcuts for Ctrl + C & Ctrl + V on Xubuntu 14.04?

Okay, I guess I figured this one out myself. To change the keys in Xubuntu, you have to enter the following in the terminal:

sudo xmodmap -e "remove mod4 = Super_L"
sudo xmodmap -e "add control = Super_L"

This worked for me, even after reboot.


How can you monitor total internet data usage across reboots with site detail?

If you are using Ubuntu 14.04 LTS or 16.04 LTS you can try ntop package.

Below is quote of package decription:

  Description-en: display network usage in web browser ntop is a network traffic probe that shows the network usage, similar to what the popular top Unix command does. ntop is based on libpcap and it has been written in a portable way in order to virtually run on every Unix platform and on Win32 as well.
      ntop users can use a web browser to navigate through ntop (that acts as a web server) traffic information and get a dump of the network status. In the latter case, ntop can be seen as a simple RMON-like agent with an embedded web interface.
  The use of:

  a web interface
  limited configuration and administration via the web interface
  reduced CPU and memory usage (they vary according to network size    and traffic) make ntop easy to use and suitable for monitoring various kind of networks.
   .
   This package contains the ntop daemon.

You can install the package with

sudo apt install ntop

Also you can try newer version known as NtopNG and packaged as ntopng.

  Description-en: High-Speed Web-based Traffic Analysis and Flow Collection Tool
   ntopng is the next generation version of the original ntop, a network
   traffic probe that shows the network usage, similar to what the popular
   top Unix command does. ntop is based on libpcap and it has been written
   in a portable way in order to virtually run on every Unix platform,
   MacOSX and on Win32 as well.
   ntopng users can use a web browser to navigate through ntop (that acts as a web server) traffic information and get a dump of the network status. In the atter case, ntop can be seen as a simple RMON-like agent with an embedded web interface.

  The use of:

  a web interface
  limited configuration and administration via the web interface
  reduced CPU and memory usage (they vary according to network size and
  traffic)

  What ntopng can do:

  Sort network traffic according to many protocols
  Show network traffic and IPv4/v6 active hosts
  Store on disk persistent traffic statistics in RRD format
  Geolocate hosts
  Discover application protocols by leveraging on nDPI, ntop’s DPI
  framework
  Characterise HTTP traffic by leveraging on characterisation services
  provided by block.si. ntopng comes with a demo characterisation key, but if you need a permanent one, please mail info@block.si
  Show IP traffic distribution among the various protocols
  Analyse IP traffic and sort it according to the source/destination
  Display IP Traffic Subnet matrix (who’s talking to who?)
  Report IP protocol usage sorted by protocol type
  Act as a NetFlow/sFlow collector for flows generated by routers (e.g.
  Cisco and Juniper) or switches (e.g. Foundry Networks) when used together
      with nProbe
  Produce HTML5/AJAX network traffic statistics

See screenshots and documentation on official website (https://www.ntop.org/) .

Install it with:

sudo apt install ntopng


Zacharee1 is right. There is no filesystem on the SIM-Card.

My old Nokia showed up two devices in the FileManager: Card(2GB) and PhoneStorage(About some MBs). I though the PhoneStorage is the SIM-Card itself. But it seems to be a little storage onto the phone. :-(

Thanks for helping!


Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Wireless Asus USB-N53 (rt3572sta) driver installation issue

This is the OP's answer, originally posted in the question.

I must of done something wrong when I originally installed the latest drivers from the chipset manufacturers website. I tried reinstalling and did modprobe rt3572sta and waited maybe 10 minutes??? and I connected then I rebooted and everything seems to be working so far. What I did do before hand is unplug the device and typed into the terminal (once for every source I attempted to install):

cd '<directory of the driver source>'
make uninstall
make clean

Then I went into the 2.5.0.0 directory and installed that with

make
make install

Then I typed

modprobe rt3572sta

This was all in superuser. For those who don't know:

sudo su


Install Ubuntu on Alienware 15 R3 without disturbing Windows

The Ubuntu Live-CD when detects another system, it gives the option to install Ubuntu at side of Windows 10. It does everything to you (installs the system in the free space and installs grub too).

So, first of all, you should change the BIOS settings to boot first the Live-CD than the Windows Bootloader (I'm assuming here you've alredy prepared an USB with the Ubuntu Live CD)

After this, you plug the USB and turn on the PC. During the installation, it will detect the Windows installed and will offer you to install Ubuntu at side of Windows 10. Select this and proceed the installation. It will install Ubuntu and grub. That's all! When you turn on PC after the installation, grub will ask what system to boot.


How do I change the "Selected Items" color?

Replace the orange color in Ubuntu 11.10 (active color)

Install dconf-editor

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Start the program press Alt+F2 and then write dconf-editor and enter.

Path: org => gnome => desktop => interface
Find the line “gtk-color-scheme” and add this string:

bg_color:#f0f1f2;selected_bg_color:#023C88

Here it is then simply choose the color you want yourself, I have adark blue color, then just replace the last color in the string (#023C88) to change the highlight color to what you want.

More info here:http://antecblue.wordpress.com/2011/10/17/replace-the-orange-color-in-ubuntu-11-10-active-color/


Datetime indicator shows times for unrequested locations

This simply should not be happening.

But you are not the only person to experience this sort of problem: Bug #918067, Bug #996623, Bug #996845.

If you do not feel the above bugs are the same issue you are seeing, you could report your own bug by running ubuntu-bug indicator-datetime.


How to start terminal with present working directory as "Home" instead of default "Root"?

When you open up a new terminal, the current working directory should be your home folder.

nevon@loltop:~$ echo ${PWD}
/home/nevon

That said, if this is not the case for you, I suppose you could append the following to the end of your .bashrc file:

cd /home/username


What are disadvantages if I use Ubuntu 10.10?

I would like to suggest you installed Ubuntu 12.04 because Canonical will support it with updates until April 2017. It is about half year long Since canonical Closed its support.

You will not get Security Updates and not able to Upgrade latest Software released after April 2012.


Mind the space! That tells "rm" there will be a 2nd file after the 1st one.

And since it is 1 file you need to take care of the space. What will work:

rm /home/duncan/.electrum/wallets/"import key"

or

rm /home/duncan/.electrum/wallets/import\ key

by "escaping" the space or

rm /home/duncan/.electrum/wallets/import{tab}

(keep hitting tab til it shows the file name).

/home/duncan can be abbreviated by ~ (ie. rm ~/.electrum/wallets/"import key")

The file name was Import_keys. So the shorthand version for Duncan:

rm ~/.electrum/wallets/Import_keys

No need for "'s. The capital I probably was the culprit.


If you can successfully su to root it means that you know the password, which means that you are root. If you can sudo -i then you have privileges -- specifically, your account has been added to the adm group, making it an administrator.


The package name in Ubuntu is openbsd-inetd.
$ apt-file search bin/inetd
openbsd-inetd: /usr/sbin/inetd
rlinetd: /usr/sbin/inetd2rlinetd

inetd is a virtual package which explains why you were able to remove it yet still it did not remove that binary.


Assuming you are not installing this on a UEFI system you should run the following command to install grub on your /dev/sdb: sudo update-grub /dev/sdb

Then reboot! Let us know if it works.

(BTW: Are you trying to install this on a UEFI system? Why do I ask? Because I have always got grub installation error messages everytime I have tried to install X/Ubuntu on a UEFI system without allowing system updates at install time. Just saying.)


I had the same problem with the icon, and then I found well-maintained repositories for Ubuntu (including kubuntu, lubuntu, etc.) 12.04 - 16.04 14.04 – 18.04 at opensuse. So I followed the instructions to completely de-install Pale Moon, then I added the repository and re-installed with apt-get. For my release of Ubuntu:

sudo sh -c "echo 'deb http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/stevenpusser/xUbuntu_14.04/ /' >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/palemoon.list"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install palemoon

Just replace 14.04 with the appropriate release number. (Note that it's a little 'x' with a capital 'U' because it it doesn't mean 'xubuntu'; the 'x' is a like a wildcard, so it means any Ubuntu.) Also add the key (with appropriate release number):

sudo wget http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:stevenpusser/xUbuntu_14.04/Release.key
sudo apt-key add - < Release.key

Voila! The icon appears correctly in the launcher, and it is installed no longer in /opt but in the way other Ubuntu applications are, and easily updated besides.


/etc/network/interfaces static routes script

Add your script fragment to the /etc/network/if-up.d/ directory. Look at /etc/network/if-up.d/avahi-autoipd (and the others) for How-To-Do-It.


How do I get a  TP-Link TN-WN727N usb wireless stick working?

According to an Ubuntu Forums post your adaptor only works with the rt2870sta driver and unfortunately this is no longer part of the Linux kernel since the 3.x series.

If you add the specific device id to the driver rt2800usb it should work;

echo 'install rt2800usb modprobe --ignore-install rt2800usb ; /bin/echo "148f 5370" > /sys/bus/usb/drivers/rt2800usb/new_id' | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rt2800usb.conf
sudo modprobe -v rt2800usb

Reference


Ubuntu doesn't want to use signed deb repository

I had to create an InRelease File to solve the authentication problem.
I solved this by reading apt-secure in the manual pages. I also had to create a Packages file (unzipped) as well. Here are the two commands:

gpg --clearsign -o InRelease Release
gpg -abs -o Release.gpg Release

My directory structure and files looks like this to help you better understand what I am doing.

shift@shift-VirtualBox:~/shiftRepo$ ls -R
.:
dists  shiftCPEKey

./dists:
stable

./dists/stable:
main

./dists/stable/main:
binary

./dists/stable/main/binary:
CPEDataCollector_1.0+SNAPSHOT.deb  CPEQueueConsumer_1.0+SNAPSHOT.deb  Packages     Release
CPEQueueBroker_1.0+SNAPSHOT.deb    InRelease                          Packages.gz  Release.gpg


If you install your fonts to the .fonts folder, they will be available for all programs from within your user's session.

For the GIMP specifically, you can also check the Preferences from the menu Edit > Preferences, then Folders | Fonts (see image, below). There you can find out where GIMP's own fonts folder is and add/manage additional font folders.

So, if you want some specific fonts to be available exclusively to GIMP, you would copy the font files to GIMP's font folder.

If you want GIMP to be able to use fonts in your system that are not available system-wide (e.g., installed by TeXLive or other programs in their own folders), you add the corresponding font folder.

Click on the image for a full-resolution version.

Note: It is not necessary to add the .fonts folder to the GIMP Preferences.


how can i add some more space to my /home in ubuntu 14.04

Boot into the Ubuntu LiveCD and open up the Partition Manager.
Then shrink the NTFS and grow the ext3 drive as fits, then apply the changes.

That is all it takes.

source


KVM switch not showing image on secondary screen

Found the solution, I'm returning the KVM switch and buying and peripheral switcher instead, I'll just change the input on my moonitor manally... Not much of an answer I know, but I'm super busy at the moment and didn't feel like troubleshooting this, I'm just answering this so that people don't waste time trying to help me when I won't be able to test it.


I successfully installed the AMD drivers (v12.6) for a Radeon HD 4350 on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS following this answer.
But this solution  is based on the availability of drivers in AMD web site.

And unfortunately, in your case, I'm afraid that there is no driver for a Radeon 7670


You should first check that the directory still exists and still contains your data and if it does, save it in an other folder before doing anything. My suggestion for that would be:

Use ls -l ~ and ls -l ~/Downloads
If you don't find it, try using locate Downloads
If you find it and it as the data save it somewhere  using cp -r

Once this is done, you can try to correct your configuration problem.

The configuration file user-dirs.dirs is automatically updated by the system at boot so changing it by hand will not help.
To change it, you should use xdg-user-dirs (should already be installed otherwise: sudo apt-get install xdg-user-dirs):

By changing the default values in the file:
/etc/xdg/user-dirs.defaults
By using the command:
xdg-user-dirs-update --set DOWNLOAD $HOME/Downloads

NOTE: user-dirs.dirs~ is just a dummy file created by your editor when you edited the real file. You can change your editors configuration so that it is automatically deleted when you close the editor.


Introduction

The script below is modified version of my previous scripts, written in python and using dbus exclusively for polling ac_adapter presence and setting the screen brightness.

Usage

Usage is simple: call from command line as

python ./brightness_control.py

The script defaults to 100% brightness on AC , 10% on battery. Users can use -a and -b to set their desired brightness levels on ac and battery respectively.

AS given by -h option:

$ ./brightness_control.py -h
usage: brightness_control.py [-h] [-a ADAPTER] [-b BATTERY]

    Simple brightness control for laptops,
    depending on presense of AC power supply

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -a ADAPTER, --adapter ADAPTER
                        brightness on ac
  -b BATTERY, --battery BATTERY
                        brightness on battery

For example, one can do any of the following:

# set non default for brightness on ac
$ ./brightness_control.py -a 80
# set non-default value for brightness on battery
$ ./brightness_control.py -b 20
# set non-default values for both
$ ./brightness_control.py -a 80 -b 20

Source

Also available on GitHub

#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Author: Serg Kolo <1047481448@qq.com>
Date:   Nov 3rd , 2016
Purpose:Brightness control depending on
        presence of ac adapter
Written for: http://askubuntu.com/q/844193/295286
"""
import argparse
import dbus
import time
import sys

def get_dbus_property(bus_type, obj, path, iface, prop):
    """ utility:reads properties defined on specific dbus interface"""
    if bus_type == "session":
        bus = dbus.SessionBus()
    if bus_type == "system":
        bus = dbus.SystemBus()
    proxy = bus.get_object(obj, path)
    aux = 'org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties'
    props_iface = dbus.Interface(proxy, aux)
    props = props_iface.Get(iface, prop)
    return props

def get_dbus_method(bus_type, obj, path, interface, method, arg):
    """ utility: executes dbus method on specific interface"""
    if bus_type == "session":
        bus = dbus.SessionBus()
    if bus_type == "system":
        bus = dbus.SystemBus()
    proxy = bus.get_object(obj, path)
    method = proxy.get_dbus_method(method, interface)
    if arg:
        return method(arg)
    else:
        return method()

def on_ac_power():
    adapter = get_adapter_path()
    call = ['system','org.freedesktop.UPower',adapter,
            'org.freedesktop.UPower.Device','Online'
    ]

    if get_dbus_property(*call): return True

def get_adapter_path():
    """ Finds dbus path of the ac adapter device """
    call = ['system', 'org.freedesktop.UPower',
            '/org/freedesktop/UPower','org.freedesktop.UPower',
            'EnumerateDevices',None
    ]
    devices = get_dbus_method(*call)
    for dev in devices:
        call = ['system','org.freedesktop.UPower',dev,
                'org.freedesktop.UPower.Device','Type'
        ]
        if get_dbus_property(*call) == 1:
            return dev

def set_brightness(*args):
    call = ['session','org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.Power', '/org/gnome/SettingsDaemon/Power',
            'org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.Power.Screen', 'SetPercentage', args[-1]
    ]
    get_dbus_method(*call)

def parse_args():
    info = """
    Simple brightness control for laptops,
    depending on presense of AC power supply
    """
    arg_parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
                 description=info,
                 formatter_class=argparse.RawTextHelpFormatter)
    arg_parser.add_argument(
               '-a','--adapter',action='store',
               type=int, help='brightness on ac',
               default=100,
               required=False)

    arg_parser.add_argument(
               '-b','--battery',action='store',
               type=int, help='brightness on battery',
               default=10,
               required=False)
    return arg_parser.parse_args()

def main():
    args = parse_args()

    while True:
        if on_ac_power():
            set_brightness(args.adapter)
            while on_ac_power():
                time.sleep(1)
        else:
            set_brightness(args.battery)
            while not on_ac_power():
                time.sleep(1)

if __name__ == "__main__": main()