I'm pretty sure that it would operate correctly. However, I strictly discourage you from doing so.

The point is that adding these repositories is almost exactly the same as upgrading to 12.04. Indeed, when you click the 'upgrate to precise' button, the only thing that gets done (except for several scripts) is that Precise repositories are added to your system, and then it continues as a normal update, which pulls all newer packages from Precise repository.

You won't find libunity9 (Unity 5) on Oneiric. You won't be able to install that manually too, because it has tons of dependencies that will never be met on Oneiric.

This said, your only chance to install that particular .deb package is to forcefully use the precise repository. However, instead of adding this repository manually, use the Distribution Upgrade option to upgrade to Precise, as it will ensure you will have a smooth, safer upgrade.

As a side note, consider notifying the appropriate person about your problem, I am prety sure one can backport this fix to Oneiric in a proper manner, so that it won't have such unmet dependencies.


I had the exact same issue with Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS (Bionic Beaver) on Dell Latitude 7400. The approaches described at the link you mentioned did not work for me as well:

There was no touchpad found in the output of
 less /proc/bus/input/devices

and

switched to synaptics using
 sudo apt install xserver-xorg-input-synaptics

but synaptics was dying randomly and I was forced to reboot every time to get the touchpad working.
What worked for me for to finally switch to the default driver libinput using
sudo apt install libinput-tools

The touchpad is working fine now. If you're looking for the latest version of libinput, follow the answer of @BlandCorporation outlined here.
Summary of @BlandCorporation's answer:
sudo apt install check doxygen libev-dev python3-sphinx
sudo pip3 install recommonmark sphinx_rtd_theme
git clone https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/libinput/libinput
cd libinput
meson --prefix=/usr builddir/
ninja -C builddir/
sudo ninja -C builddir/ install
sudo systemd-hwdb update

Edit:
Even after switching to the default libinput driver the touchpad kept dying at random times. What finally works to get the touchpad working without rebooting is to re-login after suspending (locking the screen and closing the lid).


How to prevent ubuntu to change theme automatically

A short sleep in /etc/xdg/autostart/gnome-settings-daemon fixes it:

Exec= bash -c "sleep 2; /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gnome-settings-daemon"

Also see: Bug #574266


How to run a script automatically in linux?

This should work, it stores the last output of lsusb in $lastoutput and appends if they're if not equal

#!/bin/bash
while [ true ]
do
    currentoutput="$(lsusb)"
    if [ "$currentoutput" != "$lastoutput" ]
    then
        echo "" date and Time >> test.log
        date +%x_r >> test.log
        lastoutput="$(lsusb)"
        lsusb >> test.log
    fi
    sleep 5
done


What does policy_version_is_highest mean?

We always require the highest security policy version. By updating the value to the highest available (which also is the current) version, the app developer also acknowledges the newest security policy.


Are the nvidia drivers not performing as they should?

It looks like your XMBC isn't using VDPAU.

Your CPU is too slow to decode HD videos, it needs special-purpose hardware from your GPU (NVidia ION 2) in order to play HD videos. VDPAU is the software component that manages this for Linux with NVidia hardware.

In your XBMC, in Settings -> Videos -> Player make sure VDPAU is selected as the Render method.


sudo apt-get update not working. Err:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease

same problem; my solution:
DNS Server has changed...

sudo nano /etc/netplan/50-xxxx-yyyyy.yaml

-->   addresses: [1.1.1.1,8.8.8.8,xx.xxx.xx.xxx]

sudo netplan --debug apply


How do I reinstall the default (non-proprietary) display drivers?

To properly revert the graphic drivers to the out of the box state do the following commands in a terminal.

sudo apt-get remove --purge xorg-driver-fglrx fglrx*
sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx*
sudo apt-get install build-essential cdbs fakeroot dh-make debhelper debconf libstdc++6 dkms libqtgui4 wget execstack libelfg0 dh-modaliases
sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dri
sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.old
sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg

Now reboot your system and everything will be fine.


BitTorrent Speed support for Ubuntu 20.04?

Seems to work fine with Wine, so no need for VM or Windows :)


Installing Docker on Ubuntu 16.04 - Setting up repository

The command you entered is mostly correct, however, it suffers from a flaw: those \ are supposed to escape newlines, not spaces. The command in the docs is:

$ sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
    apt-transport-https \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    software-properties-common

This should be copy-pasted as-is (except the leading $) or typed in similarly. By removing the newlines, this is what happened:

$ printf "|%s|\n" sudo apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install \ curl \ apt-transport-https \ ca-certificates \ curl \ software-properties-common
|sudo|
|apt-get|
|-y|
|--no-install-recommends|
|install|
| curl|
| apt-transport-https|
| ca-certificates|
| curl|
| software-properties-common|

As you can see, the spaces became part of the package names. That is why apt-get couldn't find them. Do either of:

sudo apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install curl apt-transport-https ca-certificates software-properties-common

Or:

sudo apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install \
  curl \
  apt-transport-https \
  ca-certificates \
  software-properties-common


Variable substitution in Linux and dynamically fetch property from Source file

This meets your criteria:

$ cat extract.dat
ExchgRate_prop="EDB_NAME=share_exchange SRC_WDS=wds PN=ExchgRate"
Compliance_prop="EDB_NAME=share_compliance SRC_WDS=wca PN=com"
Unitcost_prop=="EDB_NAME=share_unitcost SRC_WDS=wda PN=unit"

$ grep ExchgRate extract.dat | cut -d'"' -f2
EDB_NAME=share_exchange SRC_WDS=wds PN=ExchgRate

$ grep Unitcost extract.dat | cut -d'"' -f2
EDB_NAME=share_unitcost SRC_WDS=wda PN=unit

To make it easier you can create a script (note the path is for my system, not yours):

#!/bin/bash

# NAME: extract.sh
# PATH: $HOME/askubuntu/
# DESC: Answer for: https://askubuntu.com/questions/1224345/variable-substitution-in-linux-and-dynamically-fetch-property-from-source-file
# PARM: $1 = input file, $2 = field name
# NOTE: Prints result
# DATE: April 5, 2020

grep "$2" "$1" | cut -d'"' -f2

Make the script executable with chmod a+x extract.sh.

Put the script in the path or call it in the current directory with:

$ extract.sh extract.dat Unitcost
EDB_NAME=share_unitcost SRC_WDS=wda PN=unit


Cannot install Tribler - missing dependencies

After I fixed the issue with VLC - Cannot install VLC on Ubuntu 18.04 - missing dependencies I used this and it worked

wget https://github.com/Tribler/tribler/releases/download/v7.1.0-rc1/tribler_7.1.0-rc1_all.deb
sudo apt-get install ./tribler_7.1.0-rc1_all.deb


gtk+3 programme compilelation in codeblocks showing fatal error

You have to install necessary development package with:

sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev libgtk-3-dev

as it contains needed headers.


Where is the gtk# widget for windows forms in mono?

Mono has two GUI frontends, winforms and gtk#. Winform is the traditional method in windows and Visual Studio. Mono develop does not have a GUI designer for winforms yet.

An alternate method is using gtk binding for mono called gtk#. It has a GUI designer as shown in your question:


After snooping around and readings on the matter of TRIM and fragmentation, answering my own question might be of help to others.

Reading about TRIM, frequent references to file fragmentation are made. Both aspects are the source of legitimate questions about SSD storage performance, however the 2 issues are distinct.

file fragmentation consists in one file being written to HDD or SSD in many different non-contiguous write-areas, using physical blocks distributed over the storage medium within a partition. In the particular context of SSDs, we will see it has nothing to do with TRIM's actions or even with TRIM's level of storage management, but that it is related to wear-leveling (WL), another process for low level storage medium management always present in SSDs (unlike TRIM). Internal data management in SSDs is fundamentally different from that of HDDs in its assignment o sectors to non-volatile flash memory cells (i.e. SSD's cells)  and their corresponding blocks (flash blocks). It has a direct incidence on file fragmentation.
TRIM prepares at-least-once written physical blocks on an SSD for new write operations (Wops), obviating the need to actually erase the targeted blocks immediately before the Wop occurs (as would be the case in a setup w/o TRIM). For that the SSD must have a hardware controller that is TRIM-ready. It is not always the case. After the first phase of use (i.e. when the SSD is still relatively new and all its blocks have not yet been written over at least once), Wops slow down until they reach a speed plateau. At that stage, a rule of thumb is that TRIM approximately halves write-times on TRIM-ready SSDs with respect to the same hardware without TRIM enabled.

During Wops, SSDs behave quite differently from HDDs. An HDD will never need erasing of a block prior to a Wop. An SSD always does and that is time consuming. TRIM helps alleviate that time consumption by pre-conditioning recently freed blocks on the TRIM-capable SSD, essentially by pre-erasing blocks that are freed after a file was modified and moved to a different area of the volume. This is a simplified view of reality, but one that the non-expert user can roughly rely on to begin to make decision about hardware and low level hardware administration. Read on...

Is TRIM related to SSD's fragmentation ?
- Short answer: No, they are not related.
- Long answer: Fragmentation is related to wear-leveling (WL), yet another process that optimizes the life span of SSDs. WL is essential to homogenize Wops over the whole SSD's free/available/unreserved block space inside a volume/partition. It does so, because each Wop makes the corresponding SSD's cells age, through the application of a relatively large voltage over a tiny area of semiconductor layer, thereby reducing its life span. (I believe, this has to do with thermal induced defects introduced in the bulk of the SSD, but that's off-topic.)

If Wops were managed on SSDs as they are on HDDs, certain areas of the storage medium would wear out long before others, leading to non-operable blocks, loss of capacity , loss of data and errors. WL actually ensures that all blocks in any given SSD's partition are subjected to the same amount of Wops and that the wear is "leveled out" over the entire SSD's available partition space. In that sense, it effectively increases the life span of the SSD, while maintaining its full capacity until its demise.

There are two WL modes: static and dynamic. This wiki (in German) specifies that write-cycle counts at SSD's end of life may increase 100 fold for static and 25 fold for dynamic WL as compared to the same hardware with WL turned off.

As WL physically distributes Wops (the limiting parameter that defines the life span of SSDs) as uniformly as possible over the entire SSD's storage space inside a partition, it will inevitably contribute to its data fragmentation. It does so, in order to achieve its prime objective of optimized distribution of written blocks throughout any given SSD's partition. The uptake is that any file stored on an SSD may be fragmented quite a bit more than it would on a traditional HDD. Fragmentation however does not translate in any performance decline for the SSD.

How WL operates has other corollaries: the bigger the SSD volume, the greater its life span for given conditions of use. For the user, "conditions of use" mean primarily:
       - the amount of used space on an SSD's partition and
       - Wop's frequency, i.e. how heavily write-accessed is the storage medium.
This actually may speak in favor of :
       - placing the lx swap, /home, /tmp and /var on an HDD, while the rest of the OS may live on happily on a smaller SSD.
       - not making any partitions with a lot of Wops too small on an SSD. For instance if swap must be on an SSD and you read that the lx-swap is best set at twice your DRAM size, make it 4 times. I don't know whether my arythmetic is right, but the general idea is that this will also more or less double your swap space life-span. If you conduct a lot of operation that require swapping (servers with heavy usage DB, etc.), think about moving your swap and /tmp onto an HDD, unless you like the idea of taking a gas burner to your SSD of course.

Meanwhile TRIM prepares SSD's blocks for any upcoming new Wop. It pre-conditions once written cells for a new Wop by erasing those cells (actually the operation occurs at the level of a block) and starting garbage collection when needed. In that sense TRIM keeps an eye on the distribution map of newly freed (and at least once used) blocks as they are being low-level managed by the WL controller.

Conclusion:

Fragmentation is no matter. It is not detrimental to the SSD's performance. SSDs do not need (see Intel's talk on SSDs) nor do they benefit from housekeeping in the form of defragmentation. Whatever your OS, turn defrag off. Now.
TRIM is important and beneficial, provided the SSD is TRIM ready. Today a handful of brands provide TRIM capable SSDs. If you have read this thread from the beginning you know the name of at least one of those reputable brands. Also few years ago, ext2 was considered the better option over ext3 because journaling actually went against some of the benefits brought about by TRIM when using 1st generation SSDs. It is not the case anymore and ext4 is actually advised with TRIM + Garbage Collection.

HTH.


How to get the Dash and HUD to appear. (and stop Unity spewing error messages.)

The Unity 2d desktop might fix this issue,

You can Access Unity 2D at the LighDM log in screen (only if you have automatic login disabled).


System sounds always play from built-in speakers in lock screen

First run$ echo autospawn = no >> ~/.config/pulse/client.conf  #use ~/.pulse/client.conf on Ubuntu <= 12.10 $ killall pulseaudio $ LANG=C pulseaudio -vvvv --log-time=1 > ~/pulseverbose.log 2>&1
Then Use$ pacmd and $ rm -r ~/.pulse*; pulseaudio -k
Try to test it out by runningpastebin.com/3nhedfx6 pastebin.com/4UVxCJXM pastebin.com/XxbSDvRR


An upgrade from 'eoan' to 'disco' is not supported with this tool

Not sure if it will work, but try sudo do-release-upgrade from terminal. It worked for me.


How do I install new Intel HDA sound drivers?

Following these instructions will give you the latest ALSA driver, but only for internal "HDA Intel" sound cards (if your computer is from 2005 or newer, you almost certainly have a "HDA Intel" sound card for handling internal speakers, headphone jacks and microphones). USB or Bluetooth sound will not be affected.

  Go to this page
  Under the "Source label", check which DKMS package that is corresponding to your current distribution series (Maverick, Natty,
  Oneiric etc) and click the leftmost arrow to expand that section.
  Under the new section "Package files", click the file ending with ".deb", download and install it:

  You can either do this by selecting "open with", which will take you to the Ubuntu Software Center, where you can click "Install", or
  Save the file to disk, open a terminal window, change to the right directory and execute "sudo dpkg -i "

  Reboot.

Reference:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Audio/UpgradingAlsa/DKMS


Documents stored on separate internal drive, Ubuntu doesn't notice on startup

Correct me if I'm wrong, but it sounds like you do not auto-mount the drive (and/or make the links) at startup.

To do this, you need to add a line to your /etc/fstab file. I'm not sure if you've ever done such a thing before, so I'm going to walk you through step by step. If anything is unclear, please let me know.

In the dash, search for terminal. Run it. In the terminal window that appears, type

gksudo gedit /etc/fstab

Enter your password in the window that pops up. In the gedit window that pops up, add a line (or lines) that refers to your documents drive, and/or binds everything to your own liking.

As an example, here is my setup:

# data drives
LABEL=data1                    /mnt/data1                      ntfs    defaults                               0       0
LABEL=data2                    /mnt/data2                      ntfs    defaults                               0       0

# binds
/mnt/data1/Apps/               /home/rody/Apps                 none    rw,bind                                0       0
/mnt/data1/Audiobooks/         /home/rody/Audiobooks           none    rw,bind                                0       0
/mnt/data1/Desktop/            /home/rody/Desktop              none    rw,bind                                0       0
/mnt/data2/Dev/                /home/rody/Dev                  none    rw,bind                                0       0
/mnt/data1/Dropbox/            /home/rody/Documents            none    rw,bind                                0       0
/mnt/data2/Downloads/          /home/rody/Downloads            none    rw,bind                                0       0
/mnt/data1/eBooks/             /home/rody/eBooks               none    rw,bind                                0       0
/mnt/data1/Games/              /home/rody/Games                none    rw,bind                                0       0
/mnt/data1/Videos/             /home/rody/Videos               none    rw,bind                                0       0
/mnt/data2/Music/              /home/rody/Music                none    rw,bind                                0       0

The top three lines make Ubuntu aware of the drive, in my case, 2 drives. It attaches them to directories inside /mnt/ (which is the conventional location). It is quite possible that you need to make new directories here (don't forget sudo).

All the other lines are just to link directories on the data drives to directories in my home directory. When creating bind mounts, also those directories need to exist in your home directory as well.

Note that I use drive labels to refer to my drives -- I think this is the best and most stable way to do it. You can find out (or set) your document drive's label in, for example, the Ubuntu disk utility (search for it in the dash).


As a test, try disabling IPv6 and see if that helps.

sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6=1

As another test, try booting the Ubuntu machine with a live CD (or USB) to rule out that the problem could be the hardware. If it's fast, the problem is in the current Ubuntu configuration. If it's slow booting from Live media, then that points to the hardware.


how to disable the up and down arrow keys on my laptop

Example:

xev -event keyboard

a line from above command output for Up Arrow  key
state 0x10, keycode 111 (keysym 0xff52, Up), same_screen YES,

a line from above command output  for Down Arrow key
state 0x10, keycode 116 (keysym 0xff54, Down), same_screen YES,

Run below commands

$ xmodmap -e "keycode 111 = "
$ xmodmap -e "keycode 116 = "
$

Check with below commands

$ xmodmap -pke | grep Up
keycode  80 = KP_Up KP_8 KP_Up KP_8 KP_Up KP_8
keycode 151 = XF86WakeUp NoSymbol XF86WakeUp NoSymbol XF86WakeUp
keycode 185 = XF86ScrollUp NoSymbol XF86ScrollUp NoSymbol XF86ScrollUp
keycode 233 = XF86MonBrightnessUp NoSymbol XF86MonBrightnessUp NoSymbol XF86MonBrightnessUp
keycode 238 = XF86KbdBrightnessUp NoSymbol XF86KbdBrightnessUp NoSymbol XF86KbdBrightnessUp
$ xmodmap -pke | grep Down
keycode  88 = KP_Down KP_2 KP_Down KP_2 KP_Down KP_2
keycode 186 = XF86ScrollDown NoSymbol XF86ScrollDown NoSymbol XF86ScrollDown
keycode 232 = XF86MonBrightnessDown NoSymbol XF86MonBrightnessDown NoSymbol XF86MonBrightnessDown
keycode 237 = XF86KbdBrightnessDown NoSymbol XF86KbdBrightnessDown NoSymbol XF86KbdBrightnessDown
$

xev -event keyboard result

KeyRelease event, serial 28, synthetic NO, window 0x3000001,
    root 0x105, subw 0x0, time 396765, (1224,931), root:(1274,1011),
    state 0x10, keycode 111 (keysym 0x0, NoSymbol), same_screen YES,
    XLookupString gives 0 bytes:
    XFilterEvent returns: False

KeyPress event, serial 28, synthetic NO, window 0x3000001,
    root 0x105, subw 0x0, time 397693, (1224,931), root:(1274,1011),
    state 0x10, keycode 116 (keysym 0x0, NoSymbol), same_screen YES,
    XLookupString gives 0 bytes:
    XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes:
    XFilterEvent returns: False


Your session cache might be stale. Try clearing it:

Go to Settings
Select Session and Startup
Select the Session tab
Click the `Clear saved sessions' button

Now logout and log back in, and see if Diodon starts.


Ubuntu Server Automatically Insert Password Using Python3

There are some solutions that put in the password automatically, but as they are visible in clear text for a moment, those are dangerous and you should not use them. Some methods are discussed here.

This is the proper way to run a python program as root:

import os
import sys
import subprocess

def main():
    status, output = subprocess.getstatusoutput("apt-get update")
    return status

if __name__ == '__main__':
    if os.getuid():
        print("This program needs to be run with root privileges,")
        print("please use `sudo ./{0}` to execute it".format(*sys.argv))
        sys.exit(100)
    else:
        sys.exit(main())

And the clear text method:

  This is dangerous
  Your password will be visible to users on the system in the clear
  Be advised, passwords should never be stored anywhere, ever.

password = "password1"
subprocess.getstatusoutput(
    "echo {} | sudo -S apt-get update".format(password))

On a related note, the best way to prompt a user for a password is using getpass:

import getpass
password = getpass.getpass(prompt='Password: ')

This won't print the password as on the screen while the user is typing, as you'd expect on a Linux system.

import os
import sys
import subprocess

def main():
    print("hello world, we're root!")
    return 0

if __name__ == '__main__':
    if os.getuid():
        os.system("sudo python3 " + ' '.join(sys.argv))
        sys.exit(100)
    else:
        sys.exit(main())

This solution, instead of asking the user, runs itself as root if necessary.


You can install java-common by:

sudo apt-get install java-common

In addition

sudo apt-cache show java-common

will show you more information about the package, like the one below (some information removed for clarity):

Package: java-common
State: installed
Automatically installed: yes
Multi-Arch: foreign
Version: 0.52
Priority: optional
Section: misc
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
Architecture: all
Uncompressed Size: 299 k
Suggests: default-jre, equivs
Description: Base of all Java packages
 This package must be installed in the system if a Java environment is desired. It covers useful information for Java users in Debian
 GNU/Linux, including:
 * The Java policy document which describes the layout of Java support in Debian and how Java packages should behave.
 * The Debian-Java-FAQ which provides information on the status of Java support in Debian, available compilers, virtual machines, Java
   programs and libraries as well as on legal issues.
 * Information on how to create dummy packages to fulfill java2 requirements.
Homepage: https://wiki.debian.org/Java/

The suggested way to install jenkins is :

wget -q -O - https://jenkins-ci.org/debian/jenkins-ci.org.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo sh -c 'echo deb http://pkg.jenkins-ci.org/debian binary/ > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list'
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install jenkins

it is suggested that you install openjdk-7-jre and openjdk-7-jdk before the above step. To do that run:

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre openjdk-7-jdk


How to dual boot ubuntu 12.04.2 and windows 8

To boot from a CD you have to press one of the "F" keys immediately after pressing the power button. Unless you can find documentation on it you will just have to mess with it until you find the right button. It should be either "F2", "F8", "F12', or the "Del" button.


Make Ubuntu first option when dual booting

Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

gksu gedit /etc/default/grub

Find this line:

GRUB_DEFAULT=0

0 is now set for Windows 7, change it to the number associated with Ubuntu

Another way is to use Grub Customizer.  If you don't have it you can install it:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer


How to go back to standard ubuntu after having tested kde-standard?

Too late now, but the only change to accurately remove packages that were installed by installing a desktop environment is to take note of all the packages that are going to be installed. Only this way, you can explicitly remove them all later if needed.
The reason is that many packages that are pulled in through the metapackage for your desktop are marked as "manually" installed. Thus, a "sudo apt autoremove" will remove almost no packages after the metapackage has been uninstalled.
For now, I would just remove all applications that you know came with the new desktop environment. Removing the "plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo" and "plymouth-theme-kubuntu-text" will revert your boot screen to the default.


service command not working with tomcat7

You can try the following:

First get the PID of the running tomcat service, e.g. $ ps aux|grep tomcat
Then try to see how it was launched using pstree (use man pstree to understand the options used), e.g.

$ pstree -lsup 26276
systemd(1)───java(26276,tomcat7)─┬─{java}(26277)
                                 ├─{java}(26278)
                                 ├─{java}(26279)
                                 ├─{java}(26280)
                                 ├─...
                                 └─{java}(1252)

So in my case it was clearly launched by systemd. If you see something different, then at least you have an idea where to investigate...


apt-get upgrade is producing a GUI interaction and is prohibiting an interaction-free upgrade

You can do a couple of things for avoiding this. Setting the
  DEBIAN_FRONTEND variable to noninteractive and using -y flag.
  For example:

export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
apt-get -yq install [packagename]

  If you need to install it via sudo, use:

sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -yq install [packagename]

(source)


Installing restricted drivers application

You don't have to install anything. It's included by default. You should find in the dash if you search for "drivers" or something similar. You don't say which version of Ubuntu you're using, but in 14.04LTS, it's in the right-most tab in software-properties-gtk. If you're using an older version of Ubuntu, the application is called Jockey.


The same issue happened to me on Focal, a pretty bare install from the default:
# apt install zlib1g-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies.
 zlib1g-dev : Depends: zlib1g (= 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1) but 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1.2 is to be installed

To get zlib1g-dev to install it was necessary to downgrade zlib1g, which tbh is ridiculous for something in the main repo:
# apt install zlib1g=1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1

A similar issue happened when trying to install openssh-server after first post-install boot.


command to span window across multiple monitors

Dual Monitors in Unity:

Hold your move-window modifier (it is alt by default) and drag the window from within the window's chrome (body) as opposed to the title bar (using your mouse).


Is it possible to logout to any other DE without close any running application?

You can open n sessions with the same user :

you could install Xephyr o Xnest(older) and then open a new Xsession in a window (like a Picture In Picture):

startx /usr/bin/startkde -- /usr/bin/Xephyr :2

or

startx /usr/bin/gnome-session -- /usr/bin/Xephyr :2

or CTRL-ALT-F1, login and open a new X-window session:

starx /usr/bin/gnome-session -- :2 or any other session manager or command, ie xterm

And move between sessions with CTRL-ALT-F7,F8
Just beware of RAM :)


I had the same problem and I just updated the system. maybe it could work for you.


Can't autostart x11vnc when start/reboot PC ( Lubuntu 20.04 LTS)

I am using Ubuntu 20.10 64-bit on a headless server in my home cloud. I agree having X11VNC autostart from occasional reboots is like paradise in the clouds (pun intended).
Spawning a systemd service daemon should solve your X11VNC autostart from boot as it is backwards compatible with Ubuntu 15.04 to 20.04. systemd has been the service daemon from Ubuntu 15.04 on.

*This is a window of Remmina VPN/RDP viewer on a remote Ubuntu 20.04 64-bit PC
You can proceed to YourFriendCaspian for his very well written guide to automating X11VNC at startup.
But allow me to paraphrase Caspian's post here:

Ubuntu 15.04 – Configure your system to have x11vnc running at startup.
Hello World,
If you are following us, you probably remember that we wrote already a
post about this topic (see Ubuntu 14.10 – Configure your sytem to have
x11vnc running at startup). Since Ubuntu 15.04 is using systemd, the
instructions found in the previous post are not applicable anymore.
Some of our readers had issues after upgrading to Ubuntu 15.04. The
x11VNC is not running at startup anymore.
This post will provide the necessary information to have x11vnc
running at startup on ubuntu 15.04 when systemd is used.
Our Goal
At the end of this post, you should be able to connect via vnc to your
Ubuntu machine even if there is a reboot and even if no user are
logged into the machine. This configuration should display the login
screen via vnc viewer client you are using.
We didn’t invent anything here. All the information provided here are
based on the information made available at this location :
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VNC/Servers#Have_x11vnc_start_automatically_via_systemd_in_any_environment_.28Vivid.2B-.29
Installing x11vnc server
In this post, we have decided to use the x11vnc server package to
provide vnc capabilities. The installation process is quite straight
forward. Log into your ubuntu 15.04 machine, open the terminal console
and issue the following command :
$ sudo apt-get install x11vnc
To have a minimum of security, we will protect the vnc connection via
a password. The password will be stored in a file. To create this
file, you will need to issue the following command :
$ sudo x11vnc –storepasswd /etc/x11vnc.pass
You will be asked to enter a password. Enter the password and confirm
your choice and you should be good to go.
Create the Service Unit file
So far, we have just issued standard command related to the x11vnc
package.  We need to create the service unit file for our x11vnc
service.  To do this, we will issue the following command :
$ sudo nano /lib/systemd/system/x11vnc.service
This file should content the following lines
[Unit] Description=Start x11vnc at startup. After=multi-user.target
[Service] Type=simple ExecStart=/usr/bin/x11vnc -auth guess -forever
-loop -noxdamage -repeat -rfbauth /etc/x11vnc.pass -rfbport 5900 -shared [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target Save the file
Configure Systemd
It’s time to issue the command to have systemd aware of the change and
make the service running at startup.  In a command prompt, you will
issue the following command :
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload $ sudo systemctl enable x11vnc.service
Restart the system and do not login.  We will check if this is
working…..
Testing the solution
To check that you can indeed perform a vnc connection to your Ubuntu
Machine, you will try to connect to it using your favourite vncviewer
(we are using TigerVnc) while nobody is connected and just after a
reboot of the machine.
In the vncviewer, you will provide the ip address or hostname of the
machine to connect and the port to be used. In our example, the port
used is 5900.  If you have set a password to protect your vnc
connection, you will be prompted for a password as well.
If everything is ok, you should see the Ubutun login page displayed
inside your vncviewer
Final Notes
And voila! We have sucessfully updated the instructions on how to have
x11vnc run at startup. As you can see, since Ubuntu 15.04 is using the
Systemd solution, we need to create our service unit files
(x11vnc.service), register them with systemctl and we are done.

Please give credit to Caspian!! :D


Where is system settings in Lubuntu 14.04?

Right click the speaker icon on the right side of the LXPanel and choose volume control settings.  That is where you can change the settings.


Updating repo issue must be changed in Ubuntu

Thanks to the traditional Linux's system of installing software through official distribution specific repositories!! This system is called Package management system.
As described in the Wikipedia artcile: It is

a collection of software tools to automate the process of installing, upgrading, configuring, and removing software packages for a computer's operating system in a consistent manner.
It typically maintains a database of software dependencies and version information to prevent software mismatches and missing prerequisites.

There is two point:

Consistent manner in installing, upgrading, configuring and removing software packages.
Can maintains database of software dependencies and version information to prevent anomaly

Why is it required?
Linux softwares are typically opensource and those kinds of softwares update very frequently. So, a management system is required to give OS consistent support of having updated packages.
Some of the functions of package management software is: (quoting from Wikipedia)

Verifying file checksums to ensure correct and complete packages;
Verifying digital signatures to authenticate the origin of packages;
Applying file archivers to manage encapsulated files;
Upgrading software with latest versions, typically from a software repository;
Grouping of packages by function to reduce user confusion;
Managing dependencies to ensure a package is installed with all packages it requires. This resolved the problem known as Dependency Hell.

Benefits of this system

You can instantly install,upgrade software from your repository by only doing a search
You can get updates without hassle, searching for updates in Web and going to the specific websites and downloading is not easier than just marking a package to update
Consistent system. There will be no conflict between packages
Distribution of software is easy in this system. Saves money and time to distribute those softwares
Better protection from malicious software, because there are strict chain of trust maintained in this system for package identification.
"eliminate the need for manual installs and updates". Just imagine how many clicks do you need to do to prepare a new Windows installation for your custom needs. But, In Ubuntu, if you have a list of packages of your choice, just feed the list to the system and all is installed with minimum user interaction.

Note that, Microsoft is going to implement such kind of centralized software management in upcoming Windows version trough app-store. (though the system is not exactly like Linux package management system)
Do I really need to do apt-get update for every piece of software?
As you said, you need to do sudo apt-get update for installing every piece of software. When the index file in your computer is matched exactly with the index file in online repository, apt-get do no update or download the index file, because, it first checks to see, whether an index file online has changed or not. So, it is not true that, you need to do apt-get update every time you install software. It is only needed when repository is updated online (which is not very frequent also. Most of the time, only "updates" channels are updated).
What is the problem then?: I assume, you are using Ubuntu 12.04. Unfortunately, 12.04 has a bug which causes apt-get to download index files every time, even it is not updated. This bug is reported and will be fixed soon. You are advised to go to the bug link and check the appropriate checkbox to say, "You too are affected for this bug"
This problem is discussed in this question the size of apt-get update lists is too big. and the bug link is here http://bugs.launchpad.net/launchpad/+bug/1001780
Any workaround?
I do a trick to minimize my download size. I wrote this workaround in that answer. You can go to this link to check. https://askubuntu.com/a/151989/61218
The trick is, temporarily disable a repository whose index file is already download and then do a sudo apt-get update to update the interested repository list. And then enable the old repo. As you have told apt not to delete the disabled repo's index file, you can install, download from all repos now.
Hope this will be helpful.

You may want to check these links:

Package management system

Installing software

Package management in Ubuntu


Suggest apps for opening .mdl & .spr files

.mdl is part of Matlab. There is no software in the repositories for Matlab except for a package offering support files for a better working Matlab on Debian systems. The Ubuntu help does offer instructions on how to install Matlab. There is no free software to open .mdl and you need to purchase a copy of Matlab. If this is something you need just for this 1 time you might be able to get away with a trial version.

.spr You mean a Foxpro file? That DOS software was created in 1993 and ended somewhere in 2007. Maybe you can get it to work in WINE but installing an old Windows (98? Me?) in a Virtualbox would be an easier option.


Using a .desktop file to launch a node.js app

A .desktop can easily run a bash script

You should change things in your convert.sh :

#!/bin/bash
# set prompt to the working dir with cd
cd /home/blackslate/Utilities/
node ./convert.js

# You want some text notification? Use notify-send
notify-send -t 3000 'echo hello world'

Note that you can redirect the output of node ./convert.js to a variable and use it as notification text...
MYVAR=$(node ./convert.js) then notify-send -t 3000 "Convert" "$MYVAR"

And you may make some changes in the .desktop file
find icons there /usr/share/icons

#!/usr/bin/env xdg-open
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Exec='/home/blackslate/Utilities/convert.sh'
Name=Convert
Icon=utilities-terminal


How to get Clean and Build in netbeans to work again?

It's just a simple Netbeans bug file.
Click on the link on the second to last line which is
/home/jeggy/Skjøl/NetBeansProjects/KTEditor/nbproject/build-impl.xml:834:

Remove the attribute of excludeFromCopy – not the whole line, only the piece of code associated with it!


Test this:

In a normal session:

Insert the usb stick.

Open a terminal. CtrlAltT.

Identify the usb-stick, suppose is /dev/sdc1, umount it:

sudo -i
fdisk -l
umount /dev/sdc1

Load gparted

gparted

Delete a patition, create an ext4 partition, apply the changes and close gparted

You must mount the new /boot partition, suppose is new ext4 /dev/sdc1 on a temporary directory, suppose is /media/newboot to copy files to it the original /boot.

Run it:

You create the temporary directory

 mkdir /media/newboot

Umount and mount partition

umount /dev/sdc1
mount /dev/sdc1 /media/newboot

To copy files:

cd /boot
cp -ax . /media/newboot

This last line is the only one used to clone, attention "." the end.

Now mount the new /boot previous rename the /boot partition.

cd /
mv /boot /boot.old
mkdir /boot
umount /dev/sdc1
mount /dev/sdc1 /boot

Now you have to find the UUID of the partition and edit the /etc/fstab file to mount the partition at startup.

blkid /dev/sdc1
nano /etc/fstab

And you add these lines at the end with that reported blkid UUID.

# /dev/sdc1 was /boot
UUID=c676ae51-cb6f-4c0e-b4a9-76850aafa1d6  /boot ext4 errors=remount-ro  0  1

Ctrl + O, save file. Ctrl + X, close nano.

update-grub

Restarting have everything working exactly the same, but with other partitions.

Once everything is working well, delete the /boot.old and /media/newboot

sudo -i
rm /boot.old
rm /media/newboot

Note:You should be aware that without the usb-stick the system will be unusable.


Without knowing which version of Ubuntu you're using, these instructions may not be 100% accurate. However, if you are using Ubuntu 21.04, this is how you can change the size of your mouse cursor using only the keyboard:

Open the Settings application by pressing Super (this may be a Windows key on your keyboard) and type "Settings" and press Enter.

If you see several options, as in the screenshot above, the left-most icon will be opened. If "Settings" is not left-most, you can use the arrow keys to navigate. Choose the round icon. You should see an application that looks like this:

Locate the "Accessibility Options". This is most easily done by pressing Ctrl+F (for "Find"), then typing "Access":

Press the Enter key to confirm the selection.
Press the Tab button three times. You may see "High Contrast" has a highlight around it.
Press the Down Arrow twice. This will highlight the "Cursor Size" option. Press Enter to bring up the options:

Use the arrow keys to select the size you are most comfortable with, then press Enter.
Press Esc to close the modal window.
Move the mouse and maybe use a scroll button. This should trigger a proper refresh and you will hopefully see that the pointer is now the size you set it as.

There are a number of accessibility features available that may help you navigate and use the system in comfort. Welcome to Ubuntu!


Ubuntu 12.04 how to completely remove anacron

Uninstalling anacron also uninstalls the desktop. In other words, Ubuntu assumes a system without anacron to be a server. If that is a problem for you, then you can try removing execute permissions from the anacron binary:

sudo chmod a-x /usr/sbin/anacron
sudo chmod a-x /etc/init.d/anacron

This is because /etc/crontab checks for the presence of anacron by verifying whether /usr/sbin/anacron is executable, and if it is not the daily, weekly and monthly jobs are run synchronously.


You need to install the build dependencies of lxml in order to compile it. Try doing sudo apt-get build-dep python-lxml if you have source package data enabled in your apt sources.

What is missing is not the lz command, but the development files for the zlib library. You need to install zlib1g-dev to get this.


Trouble using cd command with "~" or "$HOME" in bash scripting

You can solve this problem by using eval command :

#!/bin/bash
echo -n "Enter Directory Path:"
read dir1
eval cd "$dir1"

Because in your code $dir1 will not store ~/Desktop but it will store /home/user/Desktop so you can use eval command .

To understand Eval command Here


How do I integrate Gnome applications properly in XFCE?

Your theme doesn't support gtk3. So it's use fallback theme.


Well that was the weirdest thing. I opened up /etc/pulse/default.pa and noticed that the first line was:

!/usr/bin/pulseaudio -nF

That looks an awful lot like a #!/bin/bash style opening (I don't know the proper name for it, comments on a postcard) so I stuck a hash at the beginning like so:

#!/usr/bin/pulseaudio -nF

And it works!

No idea how that got broken. I don't think I've ever purposefully edited that file before.


sudo apt-get  python-opencv fetching different version than expected

Well for your information the opencv version in Xenial is only 2.4.9 details as follows :

   python-opencv:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 2.4.9.1+dfsg-1.5ubuntu1
  Version table:
     2.4.9.1+dfsg-1.5ubuntu1 500
        500 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 Packages

Your require opencv 3.1 , well you need to install a bunch of things which can be found in other blogs. I am not gonna write all those here rather I can show you links because its very well explain over there.
Link here.
You can follow it in your Ubuntu 16.04.


If you double-click on (allow-executing-file-as-program) start-tor-browser, you should be presented with a dialog of four options: Run, Run-in-Terminal, Display and Cancel. Do you see these options? If so, try Run.

Alternatively, you can set up a custom keyboard shortcut and use something like the following command (depending on where / into which folder you extracted tor):

"/home/user_name/my_tor/bundle/tor-browser_en-US/start-tor-browser"

to launch tor.

(Don't use sudo.)

If you wanted to launch tor via the command line, you could navigate to the folder and just type start-tor-browser. Given that it's just locally downloaded and not formally installed, you'll need to supply the path (or register start-tor-browser manually - but that's a separate question).

Update (mid-May 2015)

The previous command ceased to work for me. The following does work:

sh -c '"/home/user_name/where_i_put_tor/bundle/tor-browser_en-US/Browser/start-tor-browser" --detach || ([ !  -x "/home/user_name/where_i_put_tor/bundle/tor-browser_en-US/Browser/start-tor-browser" ] && "$(dirname "$*")"/Browser/start-tor-browser --detach)' dummy %k

 ... taken from the official Tor desktop configuration file ...


How to configure existing raid after upgrading to 14.04 from 11

Stumbled on dmraid.  The following got my lvm back. Apparently I had an existing LVM?

sudo dmraid -ay

RAID set "sil_ajajcfbibhah" was activated
RAID set "sil_ajajcfbibhah1" was activated

sudo blkid

gave me the UUID

/dev/mapper/sil_ajajcfbibhah1: UUID="59b2e940-380c-4087-bd6a-50e9cc23ccfc" TYPE="xfs"

After that I was able to add an entry to /etc/fstab

UUID=59b2e940-380c-4087-bd6a-50e9cc23ccfc /media/storage    xfs defualts  0 0

Hope this may help others.


Not quite.  The file is already open by the program.  Deleting the file ( and then replacing it with another version ) does not affect the running program because the original file is held open ( though without a name on disk to open it again ) until the program is done with it.  Only when all handles to the file are closed are its data blocks on disk released.  Until then the open file can be read and written just like normal -- the only change is that nobody else can open it since its name has been removed.

While parts of the program may have already been read into ram when it is deleted, they may still be discarded and re-read later, or new parts of the program that had not previously been executed can still be loaded from the deleted file.


How to merge two partitions separated by another partition?

Looking at your partition table I can see three primary partitions.You can only merge adjacent partitions which are same type. The NTFS is fully supported in Ubuntu. You can install Ubuntu in either of sda1 or sda2 because, both of them have exuberant space for a Ubuntu system. After installing Ubuntu you can use the NTFS partition as you did it in windows.

If you want to merge sda1 & sda3 so badly, then you have to delete one of the ext2 partition and use that unallocated space to move NTFS partition by making unallocated space available adjacent to your Ubuntu installation partition. Then you can use the unallocated space to resize your Ubuntu installation partition. Warning! Backup your data because this is quiet dangerous.

I hope the following threads would be helpful.

Can Ubuntu move partition boundaries without losing data within them?

Shrink a partition without losing data


Can't open Eagle software (access denied)

"Can't write '/home/myusername/.local/share/Eagle/settings/9.1.3/eaglerc' (access denied)".

that log appears cause your don't have owned of your package. change it with chown.

one thing before you open it, remove your sets with type

sudo rm -rf /home/myusername/.local/share/Eagle/

after that, change owned your package.

sudo chown <username>:<username> -R /home/myusername/EAGLE/

and change directory of Eagle and launch it.

cd /home/myusername/EAGLE/
./eagle

Hope this helps.


How do I get iScan to detect my Epson network Scanner?

Due to instant feedback, I post my comment as an answer - if you consider this a duplicate, feel free to delete - I still think, I shouldn't have to browse about 2 hours through different pages to install my *"$§%/( scanner in ubuntu, after this issue has been around for 2 1/2 years, though this probably isn't due to Ubuntu itself and surely not a problem of this community in particular...

  Thanks to @belyid (1) I found the reason, in one of the dozen tabs I had opened during my research, while I was running with my head through a wall - edited epkowa.conf and added the ip of the scanner in the network, resulting in scanimage -L to mention epkowa, finding a scanner, and iscan to work with my printer. Thanks and out


Video display problems Ubuntu on Asus UX305: Skype (and VLC and other programs)

Kernels before 4.3 did not handle Skylake Intel well. Upgrading to a later kernel (eg 4.4.4 or 4.4.5) may help as they are supposed to handle Skylake graphics.


Nvidia-304-Updates Broken on Ubuntu 14.04.2

I also have a Nivida Geforce 7600 GS on a machine used infrequently.  It can boot to the login screen which looks OK, but is almost unresponsive bringing up a desktop.  Even for a guest login.  Once loaded, graphics are corrupt with icons etc showing mostly random coloured pixels. This is 304.125-0ubuntu0.0.1 and Linux kernel 3.13.0-55-generic i686 using an Intel Pentium 4.  Purging all the nvidia drivers and using the nouveau drivers works fine.

As this effects someone else other than me I have created a bug on launchpad: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-graphics-drivers-304-updates/+bug/1467282


KDE widgets won't accept keyboard inputs after system hard-reset

I found a way to resolve the issue without having to take any drastic measures, such as reinstalling the system.

Resetting the KDE Plasma Workspace

To "reset" KDE Plasma and experience it anew, take the following steps:

Log out from your session;
Press Ctrl + Alt + F1 and log in at the terminal;
Rename (not remove) the directories $HOME/.config/ and $HOME/.local/ to $HOME/.config.old/ and $HOME/.local.old/ respectively[1];
Press Ctrl + D to log out (or type exit); and
Press Ctrl + Alt + F7 to get back to the GUI login screen (i.e. greeter)

Note that apt-get remove ... and apt-get purge ... will not solve the problem. The issue is not a corrupted binary/package. The issue appears to be related to an environment/config issue that had the observed behavior as a side-effect, and purge does not remove those.

It was never obvious which one in particular was the culprit, so I had to nuke it from orbit[2].

Restoring your settings

The procedure above will reset your environment and it will be almost as if you had just logged in to your system for the first time (e.g. including wallpapers, etc).

For example, if you use browsers such as Brave or Chromium, you will need to copy the contents from $HOME/.config.old/brave/ into $HOME/.config/brave/ (or chromium if that's what you use) in order to get your old sessions back (e.g. tabs, accounts/passwords, etc.)[3]

You may need to do this with more than one application, so be ready to spend a few more minutes.

Some Apps that had to be restored

Some of the applications I had to take care of, besides the browsers above, included:

VirtualBox: Existing VMs were not listed; copy the VirtualBox sub-directory.
Kate: Configuration files; copy files matching the pattern kate* (e.g. katerc)
Discord: Prompted to create a new account; find the discord sub-directory and copy it like the browsers.

Obviously, you may need different changes based on your apps, but this should give you a general idea of what to do and what the results will be.

Footnotes

[1] For example, you can use the command mv $HOME/.config/ $HOME/.config.old, and so on, to rename the directories. Do not remove them with the rm command. You'll need them later.

[2] It's the only way to be sure...

[3] For example, you can use the command cp -r $HOME/.config.old/brave/* $HOME/.config/brave/ to recursively copy the directory and its sub-directories into its proper location.


I also like to keep bloat to a minimum, and I personally prefer to start from a fresh Ubuntu Server install.

After installation, add the i3 PPA, and then execute:

sudo apt install i3

Wanting to have a fall-back environment, one could consider to install for example Xfce (just the core package), that would still keep bloat to a minimum:

sudo apt install xfce4

Note: This will not include a login manager. It may be seen as an advantage for people preferring to start from CLI


Make Cairo Dock update like launcher does

Right-click on the dock and choose Cairo-Dock > Configure.  In the "Behavior" group click on "Taskbar".  There you will find the option to "Show currently opened applications in the dock".  There are also a variety of other options there related to open application icons.


Ubuntu 12.10 loud fan noise hp compaq 615

1) Try installing proprietary fglrx drivers in place of xorg. Biggest cause of heat/noise.
2) Try removing TLP and using laptop-mode tools instead.
3) You can use psensor to monitor temperatures and powertop to check power management stats and settings.


Script to change permission on content, and move files to other folder

Sure you can.

The script might look something like this:

#!/bin/bash

# Set permissions
chmod 755 /home/user/Downloads/*

# Move files
mv /home/user/Downloads/* "/home/user/New Location/"

Save this as something like /home/user/download-script.sh and make sure to run chmod u+x /home/user/download-script.sh so it can be executed.

To have this executed periodically you could use cron. Enter crontab -e and create an entry like this:

0 * * * * /home/user/download-script.sh

This would lead to the script being executed every hour exactly (so, say 1:00 am, 2:00 am, etc.).

You can expand on this of course. Depending on whether there might be folders in you Downloads directory, you might want to add -R to the chmod-command to make changes recurse into those directories for example. Hope this helps :).

Note: You might want to be careful about when you use 755 as far as permissions go! Does everybody really need to execute those files? Maybe something like 764 is enough already.


ACPI Error: Needed type [Reference]... I can't boot Ubuntu

At the black screen where the boot process has stopped press the keyboard combination Ctrl+Alt+F3 to access a text-only virtual console.

To login from a virtual console:

At the login: prompt type your username and press Enter.
At the Password: prompt type your user password and press Enter.

Check that the necessary proprietary graphics driver is installed. Run the following commands:

sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
sudo reboot

The autoinstall command of ubuntu-drivers installs drivers that are appropriate for automatic installation including their dependencies.

If you're unable to access a  virtual console, the next logical step is to check if it is caused by a hardware issue by booting to a Linux session from any Linux live USB. If that doesn't work either temporarily either remove or swap your computer's discrete graphics card if your computer has one to test if the graphics card is broken and needs to be replaced.


How to automatically install updates before shutdown?

Make sure you have the package unattended-upgrades installed, then configure the following options in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades:

// Automatically upgrade packages from these (origin:archive) pairs
Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins {
    "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}";
    "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-security";
    "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-updates";
    "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-backports";
    "Canonical:${distro_codename}";
};

// This option allows you to control if on a unclean dpkg exit
// unattended-upgrades will automatically run
//   dpkg --force-confold --configure -a
// The default is true, to ensure updates keep getting installed
Unattended-Upgrade::AutoFixInterruptedDpkg "true";

// Split the upgrade into the smallest possible chunks so that
// they can be interrupted with SIGUSR1. This makes the upgrade
// a bit slower but it has the benefit that shutdown while a upgrade
// is running is possible (with a small delay)
Unattended-Upgrade::MinimalSteps "true";

// Install all unattended-upgrades when the machine is shuting down
// instead of doing it in the background while the machine is running
// This will (obviously) make shutdown slower
Unattended-Upgrade::InstallOnShutdown "true";

// Do automatic removal of new unused dependencies after the upgrade
// (equivalent to apt-get autoremove)
Unattended-Upgrade::Remove-Unused-Dependencies "true";


To find files of a certain type, I wouldn't search for the file extension. I'd rather scan files for their MIME type using a combination of find and file. This output can then be greped for the desired mimetypesm e.g. audio/* and video/*.

I've created a small script to do so:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
#Don't know whether you want to do so, but this deletes a existing media.txt
rm media.txt
#Find files of desired MIME types and store them in $list
list=$(find | file -if - | grep -P "(audio/.*?;)|(video/.*?;)")
n=0
#Iterate over each line in the list (one file per line)
while read -r line; do
    #Append the filename to media.txt
    echo "$line" | cut -f1 >> media.txt
    #Increase file counter
    n=$(($n+1))
done <<< "$list"
#Output the result
echo "$n media files found! Saved to media.txt"

Note that I use full RegExp with grep. To add some MIME types, build them the same way as I did with the two already included: (type/enc;) and add them with a RegExp OR (|).

PS: As is, the script operates in the current directory. If you want to make it more flexible, add a $1 between find and the following pipe. Now run the script and give the path to search as argument.


I had a similar problem in Ubuntu 12.04, and tried this solution described
in a youtube video:

How to fix not working microphone in Ubuntu 13.04-10.04

It boils down to edit the file /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf using

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

and add the following line:

options snd-hda-intel position_fix=1

My mic is now working, but I hear some minor cracks.


Option one:

Set Shotwell's preferences to write metadata (like rotation) to the files. Shotwell is a non-destructive editor by default.

Edit/Preferences/ then check the box like below.

Now, when you rotate the change will be persistent, even on other computers.

Option two:

Open any image from the file browser (you can right-click and choose 'Open With Image Viewer').
Use the arrow tool on the tool bar to rotate the image.

Close the Image Viewer window, you will be prompted to save the change. Do so.


this kernel requires an x86-64 CPU, but only detected an i686 CPU But i have a 64bit PC!

Ensure CPU virtualisation is on in your BIOS/UEFI virtual box can give strange errors when this is off since it now allows you to run a guest OS WITHOUT this feature turned on.

you can check by downloading the Intel Processor Identification Utility

http://www.intel.com/support/processors/tools/piu/sb/CS-014921.htm


No Sound on SONY VIAO 10 Desktop Computer after install of Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Version

Possibly an outdated audio driver. Try updating your drivers.

Open a terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) and paste the following code :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-restricted-extras


The problem was all about using proper quotes.

In your command

lsof | awk `{print $3}`

you are giving the awk action pattern inside command substitution syntax (back quotes), as a result your shell mksh is treating it as a command and giving this error while substituting it:

mksh: {print: not found

As you have already got this, you need proper quoting:

lsof | awk '{print $3}'


wget, curl HTTP addresses fail, HTTPS work, ping works

Found the problem. We changed public IPs last week and I had a service object in the firewall with our old IP assigned, so presumably the traffic was going out fine and just not making it back. I updated the IP on the object to the new external and things started working again.


Upgrading Ubuntu from LTS to newer version, in steps or simply release upgrade?

The reason you get 14.04 as an upgrade option is because you are running an LTS version at the moment and the next LTS release is 14.04, and you are only having that possibility because  you are using the -d flag (development).

You should not upgrade your servers to a under development version.

To enable release upgrades from a LTS you need to tell the upgrade tool that you are ok if the next upgrade is a non LTS.

You need to change the option on the configuration file from LTS to normal and then run the upgrade tool without the -d option to upgrade your server to the next non LTS release.


What version of gedit are you using? In mine, you can use the arrow keys to browse the filesystem. Press TAB or Shift-TAB to move the highlight to the area that contains folders and files and then up and down arrows. Press space to go into a directory. Use shift-TAB (just because its faster, you can use TAB if you prefer) to highlight the area at the top-left that shows the current directory,  and press space again to go to the directory you selected.
Hope This helps


How to specify in password input dialog the language always to be English?

Using gsettings

It works well with Gnome/Unity Indicator/Layout switch on Ubuntu 13.10 or later.

Run gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.desktop.input-sources to check your active layouts and input systems.

Problems:

In lock dialog case, it is unable to restore last used keyboard. So after unlock always en

For sudo (Alias)

nano ~/.bashrc

Append this line

alias sudo="sudo_success='' ; last_kbd=`gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.input-sources current | awk '{print $2}'` ; gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.input-sources current 0 ; sudo echo -n  && sudo_success='1' ; gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.input-sources current $last_kbd ; test $sudo_success && sudo"

For lock dialog (Proxy)

cd /usr/lib/gnome-screensaver/
sudo mv gnome-screensaver-dialog gnome-screensaver-dialog_orig
sudo nano gnome-screensaver-dialog_proxy

Put this in:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
last_kbd=`gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.input-sources current | awk '{print $2}'`
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.input-sources current 0
/usr/lib/gnome-screensaver/gnome-screensaver-dialog_orig $@
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.input-sources current $last_kbd

Fix a link:

sudo chown root:root gnome-screensaver-dialog_proxy
sudo chmod +x root:root gnome-screensaver-dialog_proxy
sudo ln -s gnome-screensaver-dialog_proxy gnome-screensaver-dialog

Old answer using setxkbmap

Use it, only if your layouts is set with setxkbmap command.

Complete steps are mentioned above. I kept only different steps.
 I am using us,ara (English, Arabic), run setxkbmap -query to check yours.

Problems:

setxkbmap change layout at X level, which does override effective Unity/Gnome layout. Indicator keep showing last layout. Also it breaks some layout switching keyboard shortcuts. To avoid that add your shortcuts options to setxkbmap command. Example: setxkbmap us,ara -option grp:rshift_toggle -option grp:rctrl_switch.

In lock dialog case, it is unable to restore last used keyboard.

For sudo

nano ~/.bashrc

Append this line

alias sudo="sudo_success='' ; last_kbd=$(setxkbmap -query | awk 'FNR == 3 {print $2}') ; setxkbmap us,ara ; sudo echo -n && sudo_success='1' ; setxkbmap $last_kbd ; test $sudo_success && sudo"

For lock dialog

nano gnome-screensaver-dialog_proxy

Put this in:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
last_kbd=$(setxkbmap -query | awk 'FNR == 3 {print $2}')
setxkbmap us,ara
/usr/lib/gnome-screensaver/gnome-screensaver-dialog_orig $@
setxkbmap $last_kbd


How to change pen movement speed on wacom tablet?

Solution #1

I'd suggest you check first if your tablet supports the xsetwacom speed parameter. To do this enter the terminal command:

xsetwacom --list parameters

This will output a list of possible xsetwacom parameters to set. Look for one called Speed or SpeedLevel. To slow the cursor movement speed down, set this parameter to a fraction of 1 (it is recommended not to go to far to down to 0), and to speed it up set this to a multiplication of 1. So for example to half the movement speed you'd do:

xsetwacom set <device id> Speed 0.5

You can find the device id by executing xsetwacom --list devices.
To have these changes set every time you boot, add that line to your .xinitrc file located in your home folder.

Solution #2 (worked for me, Intuos S)

If xsetwacom doesn't work, another, probably better way to do it is by using xinput. First detect the id's of your tablet again, by executing:

xinput list | grep Wacom

You should now see a couple of id's, the most important are stylus and eraser.
Then, find the attributes that set the constant deceleration, by executing this for as many device id's as you have (to exit press Ctrl+C):

xinput watch-props <device id>

You should see something like this in there:

Device Accel Constant Deceleration (284):   1.000000

The attribute's id is that number (in this case 284) at the end of the name.
Now in order to slow down the tablet movement, increase this number by executing:

xinput set-prop <device id> <attribute id> <deceleration factor>

An example:

xinput set-prop 13 284 2.5 && xinput set-prop 15 284 2.5

In this case, my stylus movement was device id 13 and my eraser id 15 so I set them both to 2.5, which as far as I could tell about halved the movement speed.

Again, these settings aren't saved at shutdown, so the best way is to have these settings be applied every time you boot. There are many ways to accomplish this, but an exapmle would be adding this command to you .xinitrc in your home folder. If this doesn't work, look for another way to have a command executed at boot on the internet.

Sources and credits:

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/lucid/man4/wacom.4x.html
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1696260

EDIT #1: Added 2nd solution which worked better for myself.

EDIT #2: Grammar and sources


Set Powershell as login shell in Ubuntu 19.04

To install Powershell using Snap

Run

sudo snap install powershell --classic

To install Powershell using APT

Microsoft updated their documentation on 08/06/2018 in which they described steps for 18.04. Their repositories for Powershell are neither updated for 18.10 nor for 19.04.

In default repository of 19.04, libssl is now at version 1.1.1 and libcu is now at version 63. So, in order to use bionic's package, bionic's dependencies need to be used.

Install dependencies using dpkg:

wget http://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/i/icu/libicu60_60.2-3ubuntu3_amd64.deb
wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openssl1.0/libssl1.0.0_1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.3_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libicu60_60.2-3ubuntu3_amd64.deb libssl1.0.0_1.0.2n-1ubuntu5.3_amd64.deb

Add Microsoft's repository information:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/microsoft-prod.list

Add the content below and save that using Ctrl+X followed by Y.

deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/18.04/prod bionic main

Update and install Powershell

sudo apt update
sudo apt install powershell

To set Powershell as default shell:

Check if the path of Powershell is in /etc/shells. If not, add that. For Snap installation it is /snap/bin/pwsh and for packages installed via APT, it is /usr/bin/pwsh.
Run chsh and enter password.
Enter the path of Powershell.
Re-login or reboot.


When I install Ubuntu, must I get new drivers? IMPORTANT

Maybe; with tens of thousands of PC models out there, Ubuntu can't test them all. However, with an older machine such as yours, Ubuntu 18.04 and the 18.04 'flavours' (more on those in a minute), probably all the drivers are already included.

Test by making a LiveUSB or LiveDVD and boot from that before you remove Windows. This process will not remove or alter your Windows.

Download Ubuntu's ISO file at https://ubuntu.com/download , or for a supported 'flavour' with a different Desktop Environment, download from https://ubuntu.com/download/flavours . Flavours are popular with older machines such as yours, as the standard GNOME3 desktop uses more CPU and resources than the flavours; or, you could say that flavours run faster because they use fewer system resources. There are also look-and-feel differences. Flavours include everything needed to run any app which will run on standard Ubuntu.

Next, check for download errors by https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-how-to-verify-ubuntu#0 .

Make a LiveUSB following these instructions on your Windows PC with https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-windows#0 .

Reboot the PC, and instead of rebooting into Windows, use your Boot Options menu to choose booting from the LiveUSB. Run from the LiveUSB and do functional testing (i.e., Ethernet OK? WiFi OK? Bluetooth OK? Can I run the important apps already installed with the LiveUSB?

Once you know everything works, you can proceed with permanently installing Ubuntu/flavour, and perhaps even reinstalling Windows after fixing the Dynamic disk partition problem you mentioned.

=

To back up your data and media files before Ubuntu installation, Microsoft currently (Spring 2020) offers you 5GB of cloud storage for free with every account at https://Outlook.com and https://Live.com. Google now offers every Google account space in Google Drive where you can easily upload 15GB of content to save their cloud now, and download later. https://Mega.nz gives you 50GB for free per account today.

Once your data's safe in the cloud, you can erase the drive, get your preferred Ubuntu/flavour installed and working AOK, then download your data.

=

Ordinarily, this would work, but the Windows Dynamic partitioning of the drive in that laptop prevents this. You'd need to erase the drive, and reinstall Windows in Basic partitioning space on your drive, to take advantage of this:

You can also install Ubuntu or its flavours alongside Windows without removing it, so every time you reboot, you have the choice of running Windows 10 or Ubuntu. Ubuntu and flavors can read from and write to files saved in the Windows NTFS drive partitions, which is handy.

For a dual-boot system, install from the LiveUSB following these steps https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-install-ubuntu-desktop#0 but when you get to 6 Allocating Disk Space choose Install Alongside Windows. The Ubiquity installation app used by Ubuntu will walk you through shrinking the Windows 10 NTFS disk partition to make room for Ubuntu.


Can't find Armhf package in apt-get, can find in ubuntu site

You don't have the universe section of the repos enabled. Note that the owncloud package is in the universe section.

To do this, you can either run sudo add-apt-repository universe or you can edit /etc/apt/sources.list and manually add in the universe section.


Creating multiple interfaces on OpenStack Instances

I am not sure if I am little late on this. Anyways, I just successfully configured multi interface with ice house and ubuntu 14.04. I am using flatdhcp nova network configuration. Following are the steps.

Create 2 n/w using nova network-create command, each with 2 different bridges (say br100 and br101)
Then launch an instance attaching these 2 n/w.
By default using ubuntu 14.04 cloud image, only eth0 is configured. So image comes up with eth0 having ip address allocated. We see from openstack dashboard that instance has been assigned 2 IPs (one from each n/w) but that is from openstack viewpoint.
You can login to this new instance using eth0 ip and key pair. Once you are in, change /etc/network/interfaces to have auto eth1 and iface eth1 inet dhcp. Once you add these 2 lines execute sudo ifdown eth1 && sudo ifup eth1 (note that normal networking restart commands are not functional in 14.04 )
and then you have it :)


Has my Ubuntu laptop been hacked through Facebook with Firefox?

This could be simply some annoying pop up adds.  I use Adblock Plus on my systems. While I don't normally use Firefox, I have seen some terribly annoying pop up ads lately. If you don't nuke Firefox, I'd clear out all the cookies, and see what your home page is setup to be. Revert it back to what you think it ought to be. Flash is a common entry point for malware, and I'd advise to only install it from known sources.


You can. You did.

Those messages at the end are just warnings. You can ignore them (without harm or fault) or fix the problem they describe by cleaning out the duplicate lines in your /etc/apt/ sources files.


Can partitioning an SSD using third party software damage my computer if I am exceeding the space allowed by Disk Management?

This depends on whether 3rd party software is buggy. To resize a partition with data the software should do a complex (and, in case of NTFS, never published) trick to move parts of file system away from the end of partition. Can it do the thing right? Who knows...


How to update mod_wsgi to latest version on Ubuntu 10.04?

Download and compile it. There is a pretty good README in their source package. But you can start by installing build-essential the basic system for compiling, then just follow the README


It seems you have a driver on a wrong video adapter, run lspci and look for video adapter. My friend has the same problem - he installed a video driver for NVidia, but he had Intel video card. After sudo apt-get purge nvidia-* and reboot everything is fine.


Ubuntu 14.04 wired connection keep disconnecting

This adapter [10ec:8168] does not need r8168 driver.

Default r8169 module supports it better.

You can test it by

sudo modprobe -r r8168
sudo modprobe r8169

If you installed r8168 from Ubuntu repositories, then run

sudo apt-get purge r8168-dkms

to make it permanent.


After creating a bootable Ubuntu USB, can I delete the ISO image from my download folder?

Yes you can, it doesn't have anything to do with the USB anymore.

However...
First try booting your system using your bootable USB, if it worked and there was no problem then remove the ISO so in case of any problem you don't have to re-download the ISO.


How to run systemctl command inside docker container?

After some investigation I was able to run a docker container with the ability to run systemctl command.

The following worked when running on an ubuntu:16.04 host:

sudo docker run --privileged -v /run/systemd/system:/run/systemd/system -v /bin/systemctl:/bin/systemctl -v /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket:/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket -it ubuntu:16.04 systemctl

sudo docker run --privileged -v /run/systemd/system:/run/systemd/system -v /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket:/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket -it ubuntu:16.04 systemctl

And on ubuntu:18.04 host:
sudo docker run --privileged -v /run/systemd/system:/run/systemd/system -v /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket:/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket -it ubuntu:18.04 systemctl

Since systemctl doesn't come with this image


Properly disabling predictable interface naming on Xenial

I think that the cleaner solution is:

sudo ln -s /dev/null /etc/udev/rules.d/80-net-setup-link.rules

and reboot. This will bring back the old interface naming.

If you want to assign specific network interfaces names, and you have persistent mac addresses, then you can follow heynnema's solution or use a systemd.link.


You are missing a library. This command should install the necessary dependencies:

sudo apt-get install lib32z1-dev

Source: https://stackoverflow.com/a/5850955/1505348


Sadly, Launchpad doesn't offer RSS feeds for PPAs. There's been an open bug on this for a while.

UbuntuUpdates.org is a third party service that offers feeds for some selected PPAs.


How do I add more swap easily so that I can hibernate my laptop?

The best way IMHO is just to increase the size of the swap partition.

Boot your computer with a Ubuntu Live CD/USB.

The live CD will detect and use your swap, you should disable it to be able to manipulate it. Open a terminal and type the following command:

sudo swapoff -a

Afterwards, open Gparted, an resize your partition. You will need to shrink some partition that is close to it. It should be quite straightforward.

You will need to boot from some external method, because you can't resize partitions that are in use, and it's quite likely that you will need to shrink your main partition.

Now the other questions:

Yes.
If you use a swap file then yes, you can get rid of your swap partition. But I believe that using a swap partition is easier. It's also the standard practice in linux, most of the tutorials that you can find on the net will expect it.
Messing with swap is something that no newbie should do in any OS. No need to make it easy.


Problem on upgrade from 11.10 to 12.4 with CD

You will not see an upgrade button unless you bring up Update Manager.  Below are different ways that can help you in your process.

Use this method if the system being upgraded is not connected to the Internet. To upgrade using a CD or DVD See Upgrading Using the Alternate CD/DVD

Otherwise you can

From the desktop Press Alt+F2 and type in update-manager

Or

For servers:

sudo apt-get install update-manager-core
do-release-upgrade

First check for updates, then Install them, and finally click Upgrade and follow the on-screen instructions.

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PreciseUpgrades for details.


As root, a simple sudo -u <username> <command> will do.


Why does the upgrade to 20.04 remove Atom?

An upgrade does not remove user installed software only obsolete packages will be deleted (and if needed replaced by their alternatives).

Third-party package sources are disabled during the upgrade though and you need to manually enable them. And there is no way around it: such software can depend on obsolete packages making is impossible to remove those packages without running a greater risk than needed to break your installation.

If you have software installed that is also in the repositories an upgrade will overwrite your software if the current one has a lower version number. But it will not remove it.


Error while using make command for kernel recompilation

As make error says No space left on device you have ran out of disk space. Looks like you have an 8GB disk.

You need to free up some disk space or use a larger HDD.

If you are running this as a VM then you need to make sure you specify a larger disk.  Virtual box chooses 8GB by default.


How to get icons in pcmanfm Ubuntu 12.10 with only fluxbox

Found the solution:

Forget lxappearance.

Make a text file called .gtkrc-2.0 and put the following line in it:

gtk-icon-theme-name = "full icon theme name"

(of the theme you want, which has to be located in /usr/share/icons)

Save it in /home/username, and there will be icons!

For more gfk configuration use the following lines in .gtkrc-2.0:

#sets the font
gtk-font-name = "sans 8"

#sets the theme
gtk-theme-name = "Industrial"

(provided the gtk engine is installed)

More information  about configuring fluxbox is available in the wiki for fluxbox
and at:

http://fluxbox-wiki.org/FAQ_en.html
https://wiki.debian.org/FluxBox
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/fluxbox


How to search and delete files who contain specific string in name

Please be careful

This following command with the parameter -delete deletes all the files with something in the name in the specified directory and in all subdirectories.

Open a terminal and go to the right folder:

cd <your_search_starts_here>

test with

find . -type f -name "*something*"

and delete with

find . -type f -name "*something*" -delete

Or a shorter version:

find <your_search_starts_here> -type f -name "*something*" -delete

For your home folder:

!!! first run a test

find ~ -type f -name "*something*"

and than

find ~ -type f -name "*something*" -delete

For the whole filesystem

!!! first run a test !!!

sudo find / -type f -name "*something*"

and test again and than delete with

sudo find / -type f -name "*something*" -delete

Or only in the specified directory:

find <your_search_starts_here> -maxdepth 1 -type f -name "*something*" -delete

And because you have used the tag locate:

The results of a search with locate are based on a database. This may be outdated. Start an update with sudo updatedb. find performs a true search. However, it also takes longer.


Lots of Internet browsing issues, all browsers

I have 3 comps 2 of which was having this same issue didn't matter what Operating System i had installed still did same thing. I Found a Bios Update that Fixed my issue . Check if your computer has a  Bios update on the manufacturers Website.

Make sure to read the change history of the bios updates these was the change history on my machines  Change History

Version 2.30 - 2010-01-22
    Updated the AMD logo displayed while booting up.
    Updated the Computrace option ROM to fix an issue where the Video and Touchpad devices disappear intermittently in Windows7 when Computrace was enabled.
    Fixed: HD audio device disappears in 64-bit operating systems with 4GB of system RAM when waking from Sleep mode.
Version 2.00 - 2008-06-20
    Added: Samsung and LG panel support (LTN154AT07-T01, LP154WX4-TLC8).
    Added: Brightness tables for new panels.
Version 1.90 - 2008-02-29
    Corrected an intermittent black screen issue.
Version 1.80 - 2007-11-08
    The memory bus frequency was set to the PC2-5300 specification based on AMD recommendation.
    A chipset register was modified to fine tune WLAN performance based on AMD recommendation.
I hope this helps.


The issue is likely the & character in your URL - which is causing the shell to place the command in the background (as indicated by the [4] 2652 job number / pid).

Try quoting the URL string:

./sqlmap.py -u "https://nice.app.com/forgot_password?email=rob@bob.com&key=cc"


How to install/upgrade Chromium offline?

IMHO the best solution for offline mode is building Chromium by himself, "deliberately" for your Ubuntu only. Common guide for Linux is here:

Chromium: Linux Build Instructions

Though, this way contains some Warning! for you cause it require numerous Prerequisites to be installed to make clean Chromium build.


snappy-tools installation error ubuntu 14.04

With sudo add-apt-repository ppa:snappy-dev/beta you added a new repository to your apt-sources.

sudo apt-get update updated the package lists, including the one from the PPA you just added.

sudo apt-get upgrade upgrades your packages to the newest ones available.

Finally, with sudo apt-get install snappy-tools bzr you try to install the packages snappy-tools and bzr. The installation of snappy-tools fails because that package depends on another package called ubuntu-device-flash but that's not goint to be installed.

Try sudo apt-get install ubuntu-device-flash snappy-tools bzr and report back.

Edit

click-ubuntu-policy isn't available in 14.04, only in newer releases: http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?suite=all&searchon=names&keywords=click-ubuntu-policy

This means that you have a mixed 14.04 / 14.10 system...


How to make Partitions AutoMount and show up in filesystem (/media/userName)?

You don't need to mount your file system in a specific location to use it with Dropbox. You merely need a fixed location which you probably already have. Should this not be the case, write a comment.

You said you can find the mount point via Nautilus. Simply navigate there, then press Ctrl + L. This will show you a text field containing the path of the current location.

Open you Dropbox path configuration, then click on Computer on the left. You will see a slash. Click on it, then navigate where the path in Nautilus tells you to. Press Choose when you're done.


Step 1: Where are the shared objects seeming to be?

schadenfreude@oubliette:~$ locate libpython3.4  | grep /usr/lib | grep so
/usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/libpython3.4m.so.1.0-gdb.py
/usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4m.so.1.0
/usr/lib/python3.4/config-3.4dm-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4.so
/usr/lib/python3.4/config-3.4dm-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4dm.so
/usr/lib/python3.4/config-3.4m-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4.so
/usr/lib/python3.4/config-3.4m-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4m.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4dm.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4dm.so.1
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4dm.so.1.0
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4m.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4m.so.1
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4m.so.1.0

Step 2: Where do these things really point?

schadenfreude@oubliette:~$ ls -la /usr/lib/python3.4/config-3.4m-x86_64-linux-gnu/ | grep libpython3.4 | grep so
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root       41 Apr 11  2014 libpython3.4m.so -> ../../x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4m.so.1
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root       41 Apr 11  2014 libpython3.4.so -> ../../x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4m.so.1

schadenfreude@oubliette:~$ ls -la /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ | grep libpython3.4 | grep so
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root       19 Apr 11  2014 libpython3.4dm.so -> libpython3.4dm.so.1
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root       21 Apr 11  2014 libpython3.4dm.so.1 -> libpython3.4dm.so.1.0
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  8669406 Apr 11  2014 libpython3.4dm.so.1.0
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root       18 Apr 11  2014 libpython3.4m.so -> libpython3.4m.so.1
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root       20 Apr 11  2014 libpython3.4m.so.1 -> libpython3.4m.so.1.0
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  4292408 Apr 11  2014 libpython3.4m.so.1.0

So, the one that's not just a link /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4m.so.1.0


I dont think its wise to make a 100Gb wubi install that's why they limit you to 30Gb . It can slow down the performance a lot. If you want a 100Gb install why dont you install it on another partition or perhaps shrink the drive and make a new partition and then instlal Ubuntu into it.


Where does the video we play on YouTube go?

Take a look at this, posted here for your convenience:

  You can use Mobile Media
  Converter, which will do this task
  with ease in 32 bit systems. If you
  are using a 64 bit version of Ubuntu
  you may wish to follow this
  thread in order to make this
  software install into a 64 bit system.
  The producers haven't delivered yet a
  64 bit version, but the 32 bit will
  download videos for youtube as in a
  native 32 bit system.

Additionally, take a look at this: https://askubuntu.com/questions/27646/youtube-dl-error-please-help-in-this-to-resolve/27659#27659

Pasted here for your convenience:

  If you are interested on obtaining the
  video take a look at this, other way
  look into another answer in order to
  see if you can solve your problem with
  youtube-dl. Thank you.

  Notwithstanding that youtube-dl is
  great in a terminal, there are several
  ways to gather the videos from the
  youtube buffer, one of which is the
  usage of totem in order to play the
  video and then extract the buffered
  video from the /tmp folder.

  In the past (and depending on how
  updated is your system: maybe your
  case), the buffered videos were saved
  into the /tmp folder also by some
  browsers (Google Chrome and Chromium
  Browser tested by me), but somehow
  after updating that behaviour simply
  stopped.

  When watching the videos  or simply by
  open it to allow the buffer to
  increase via web browser, now they are
  saved into the
  /home/USERNAME/.cache/google-chrome/Default/Cache
  folder. (where USERNAME is your
  username or home folder name).

  As I said before, the usage of totem
  is yet observing this behaviour.


How can I remove multiple Home entries in the menu of the Files launcher icon?

The entries just don't show the correct name, instead of Home these entries should be shown :

entry = Documents (/home/orschiro/Documents)
entry = Downloads (/home/orschiro/Downloads)
entry = Music (/home/orschiro/Music)
entry = Pictures (/home/orschiro/Pictures)
entry = Videos (/home/orschiro/Videos)

Unlock Files from the launcher and check the content of the nautilus.desktop file - execute :

sudo nano /usr/share/applications/nautilus.desktop

This is the default content of the file, in case it is different, change the content back to default :

[Desktop Entry]
NotShowIn=Unity;
Name=Files
Comment=Access and organize files
Keywords=folder;manager;explore;disk;filesystem;
Exec=nautilus --new-window %U
Icon=system-file-manager
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
Categories=GNOME;GTK;Utility;Core;FileManager;
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Bugzilla=GNOME
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Product=nautilus
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Component=general
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Version=3.20.3
X-GNOME-UsesNotifications=true
Actions=new-window;
X-Unity-IconBackgroundColor=#af4853
X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=nautilus

X-AppStream-Ignore=true

[Desktop Action new-window]
Name=New Window
Exec=nautilus --new-window

Logout and back in, lock Files back to the launcher and now it should show the correct entries :

In case that you created an individual .desktop file, check the content of this file additionally :

nano /home/orschiro/.local/share/applications/<your-individual-files.desktop-file>

Also make sure that these entries in /home/orschiro/.config/user-dirs.dirs are matching :

XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Desktop"
XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$HOME/Downloads"
XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/Templates"
XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR="$HOME/Public"
XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="$HOME/Documents"
XDG_MUSIC_DIR="$HOME/Music"
XDG_PICTURES_DIR="$HOME/Pictures"
XDG_VIDEOS_DIR="$HOME/Videos"


Unexpected interruption in Ubuntu starup file

The problem is that script sections in upstart are run with the set -e flag. This means the shell with exit if any command errors (like pgrep). THe solution is to add a || true after the pgrep command.


fsck from util-linux 2.26.2 get stuck after start machine

The problem is  when removeing ubuntu-gnome-desktop I delete some gnome packages used by unity-shell and ubuntu core
P.S Ubuntu can start normaly in recovery mode and upstart mode

to fix the broken packages see this Ubuntu fix broken packages

(what I did)or simply you can boot the Ubuntu DVD and follow the installation but when prompt to select installation type select Reinstalling Ubuntu xx.xx

and this should repair the system and keep the files in home directory


Thunderbird composing: copy+paste image between text lines

You should go through the user menus at the top of the app with Thunderbird:

Create a new message in Mozilla Thunderbird.
Put the cursor where you want the image to appear in the body of the email.
Select Insert-Image from the menu.
Use the Choose File... selector to locate and open the desired graphic.
Type a short textual description of the image under Alternate text if needed.
Click OK.
Continue editing your message.

Source


Try:

sudo apt-get install gnome-icon-theme-full


Adaptive transparency mode has been removed from Dash to Dock because of the upstream changes in Gnome itself: the top bar has been reverted to opaque mode.

So yes, that's it: unfortunately, Dynamic panel transparency extension does not affect Dash to Dock anymore and I did not find a proper solution for now. I'm no one to judge, but if you ask me, I think Gnome developers have made quite a few questionable decisions in the past (hello, tray icons).


Assuming you've setup your XMonad using gnomeConfig then the panels should be handled as struts.

In your xmonad.hs you then want to use the ManageDocks module.

The docs page provides the steps necessary to enable it but it surmounts to modifying your manageHook and layoutHook as follows:

import XMonad.Hooks.ManageDocks
...
manageHook = ... <+> manageDocks
...
layoutHook = avoidStruts (tall ||| mirror tall ||| ...)
        where tall = ResizableTall 1 (3/100) (1/2)
...

There already exists a key binding in XMonad to toggle struts: Mod+b is the default. If you're defining your own set of keybindings then you can add the following:

,((modm, xK_b     ), sendMessage ToggleStruts)


Is it needed to set Static IP and Port to get best performance from Transmission?

My transmission works w/o messing with settings. 1 thing you do need to do is to open ports on your router. Transmisson has a button to check if the port is open:

If it shows 'port is closed' check your router settings. Mine looks like this:

A BitTorrent client normally associates the TCP port number 6881. However, if this port is busy for some reason, the client will instead try successively higher ports (6882, 6883, and so on up to a limit of 6999). In order for outside BitTorrent clients to reach this one, they must be able to connect to the correct port.


How do you convince Ubuntu's installer to put GRUB on a separate partition?

When you insert the installation medium for Ubuntu (e.g: USB Stick, CD-ROM), you will see an option to 'Install Ubuntu alongside Windows 8'. You also need to create a swap partition to be able to use Ubuntu. Look it up on YouTube.
However, it has recently been highlighted that Microsoft has disapproved other bootloaders which are not their own. However, they have been fined for this by the European Commission due to stifling compedition  and now have to allow different operating systems to be installed.

Hope that answered your question :)


"No new release found" when trying to upgrade from 19.10 to 20.04

Try this
https://www.linuxbabe.com/ubuntu/upgrade-ubuntu-19-10-to-ubuntu-20-04

If the problem persists, try going to

Software & Updates> Updates> Notification me of a new Ubuntu version: and change to "For long-term support version"

Then call the

update-manager -d

command and it showed me an update window. Perhaps it will help you too


I use ClipIt is a Parcelite fork with Ubuntu menu integration.

sudo apt-get install clipit

It works on both, GNOME 3 and Unity.


You should run sudo apt-get update then it should work without issue. This will refresh your repos


You need to set this key to false:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.keyboard repeat false

The same via dconf:

dconf write /org/gnome/desktop/peripherals/keyboard/repeat false


sudo apt-get autoremove

However, check what kind of packages it will offer to remove before pressing enter, as it may offer to remove some packages that you still use.


Wireless connection drops after a while, reception range drastically decreased

Most certainly a driver/power management issue... assuming yr laptop is an HP Pavilion 14-ab000 Notebook PC series

[Preliminary rant] As is often the case HP seems not to have any interest in providing solutions to the Linux desktop user community, so as far as I know you will not be able to find a Linux driver specific to yr wireless card adapter on their site. [End of rant]

First] Check out those old and new AU answers, where you can get a Realtek RTL8723BE 802.11 bgn Wi-Fi Adapter driver from Github. Both answers are essentially the same but the more recent will take you step by step through terminal commands.
Note: To open a terminal window, press ALT+CTRL+T -- when done close it with CTRL+D

Second] If that does not solves yr problem, you may want to try to hack into the power management options of your wireless chipset. Power Management for Realtek chipsets such as yrs sometimes lead to poor performance, slowness in connecting to a network and erratic behavior.

The hack consists in disabling yr wireless adapter's sleep feature. In the terminal, type:

$ echo "options rtl8723be fwlps=0" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf

This hack is copied verbatim from AndyAndy on this AU's post. It also gives you the source for a recent firmware for your wireless adapter.

Instead of rebooting yr box, try (in the terminal):

$ sudo rmmod rtl8723be && sudo modprobe rtl8723be

Wait for 30 minutes or so, to see whether yr wireless connection is really stable. If not reboot and check yr wireless connection again.

Third] As a last resort I would download the above mentioned firmware (I have not tested it). If you do, place it in directory /lib/firmware/rtlwifi/ and reboot.

As before wait for 30 minutes or so, to see whether yr wireless connection is really stable. If not scream loud enough so somedody can hear you and resume troubleshooting.


Filering received mail by aliases file ubuntu postfix mail server

I managed to find more information from other sources such as here, here, and here.

Finally what I did was:

1) I wrote a script called update_postfix_white_list.bash

vi /etc/postfix/update_postfix_white_list.bash

2) Inside it I added:

#Parameters {aliases, white_list} file location.
aliasesfile="/etc/aliases"
postfixwhitelistfile="/etc/postfix/rbl_whitelist"
# from aliases removed all the comments| removed all the names| found all the emails| sorted them and removed duplicates | added " OK" to each email > stored it to the "white_list" file
cut -d# ${aliasesfile} -f1 |  cut -d\: -f2| grep -EiEio '\b[A-Z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z]{2,4}\b'| sort -u | sed -e 's/$/ OK/' > ${postfixwhitelistfile}
# Generated the hash file for the white list
postmap ${postfixwhitelistfile}
# Restarted the postfix server
service postfix restart

3) Then I modified the main.cf settings to take into consideration the "white_list" file.

vi /etc/postfix/main.cf

4) There I added:

smtpd_recipient_restrictions =
    check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/rbl_whitelist
    reject

5) As a final step I changed to executable the script and I ran it.

chmod u+x "/etc/postfix/update_postfix_white_list.bash"
/etc/postfix/update_postfix_white_list.bash

Which means to check using check_sender_access if the person who send the file is in the white/black list. Do not confuse it with check_recipient_access. The command reject will reject all the mails that were not accepted by the check_sender_access.

Note1: check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/rbl_whitelist has to be
after reject_unauth_destination, but before the first blacklist if you have them in your smtpd_recipient_restrictions option, for more complex settings.

Note2: After the command reject nothing else will be checked.

Note3: If you desire you may use crontab -e and then to add @daily /etc/postfix/update_postfix_white_list.bash in order to have your server update daily your white-list automatically.

Please let me know if you have any suggestions on how to improve this.