Trunk is a term used in version control systems (VCS/RCS). A VCS contains the source code for one or more projects. This is referred to as a source tree. If there are many programmers working on the same code, it's often easier and safer for them to make changes to separate snapshots of the source tree, and then merge their modified snapshots back into the main codebase. Or, in VCS parlance, you create a branch, make changes, and then merge them back into the main codebase - known as trunk.

So trunk typically means the latest copy of the codebase; what an outsider would consider to be the latest code for the project. It's more complicated in DVCS systems, but I'll gloss over that.

It's important to understand that trunk is where developers are committing their changes to right now.

Nightly builds are generally more stable than trunk, tags more stable than nightly builds, beta releases more stable than tags, and stable releases more stable than beta releases. In other words, trunk is about as unstable it gets, and hence not in any way guaranteed to work. It might not even build.

You say you are encountering a bug in glade, and this is why you want to build trunk. It is true the version of glade in the main repo has some bugs at present, e.g. in the inability to edit checkbox label text. But you can work around these quite easily in code, or directly in the glade xml file.

Generally, you don't want to be building and running trunk unless you have a good reason to do so (e.g. you're developing glade, or you've encountered issues fixed in trunk that you cannot work around), and are prepared to encounter, investigate, work around (and possibly report/fix) numerous bugs.

If you can't stand working around this bug, whatever it is, a better solution might be to try the version of glade in Ubuntu's proposed repository to see if your problem is fixed there. I suggest you go down one of these routes.

For the sake of completeness, compiling the latest glade codebase would go something like this.

sudo apt-get install git
sudo apt-get build-dep glade
mkdir glade-src && cd glade-src
git clone git://git.gnome.org/glade
cd glade

To compile glade, refer to the INSTALL file provided. You'll need something like this, although you may well run into difficulty depending on the state of trunk at the time of your checkout.

autoconf
./configure
make

It can then be installed into the default location with

sudo make install

but you'd probably want to either adjust the target location to put it under /usr/local/.., or just run it from the bin dir as-is.


Try doing upgrade via terminal

sudo apt-get update && sudo do-release-upgrade


How to find Ubuntu which is already installed?

How was your setup originally configured? Was XP and Ubuntu both on separate partitions on the same Drive?

I ask because if they were on the same drive and you formatted that drive then your ubuntu install would be wiped along with xp. When you format a drive you are not just wiping one partition (ie the one xp was on), but the whole thing. I think the only thing you can do if this is the case is to reinstall ubuntu. If there were valuable files on the ubuntu partition you could MAYBE get them back by following the steps here.But you would have to attempt this BEFORE installing a fresh ubuntu os.

You may also be able to repair your bootloader depending on your situation, but we will need more info to clarify

NB - Please answer the questions and clarify your OP before attempting any recovery so we have a better idea of your situation.


VirtualBox GPU Passthrough from Linux Host to Windows Guest

"I was getting a mysterious “Code 43” error in Windows when it tried to initialize the graphics card. I could tell the card was functional though, since it was sending a signal to the monitor. After digging around some more on the Internet, it seems the Nvidia driver will disable the card if it detects it’s running under virtualization. Thanks Nvidia."
http://taxes.moe/2017/07/08/linux-and-windows-running-simultaneously-with-gpu-passthrough/

Probably that is the reason. QEMU has a feature to hide from the guest the fact that it's running in a VM. I don't know though whether VirtualBox has any similar one.

But even if you succeed in fooling it, probably it won't work anyway, IIRC laptop videocards share videomemory, they're not truly separate.


The bios_grub partition is for booting BIOS based machines, not UEFI.  For that you need to create an EFI system partition instead.  Also you don't need a separate /boot partition.

The grub install path should be /dev/sda, with no partition number ( or sdb if that's where you put the EFI system partition ).  Set the EFI system partition to be mounted in /boot/grub/efi.


Tearing on onboard intel graphics with mythbuntu hd playback

Have you had a look at the following work around?

Bug 37686 - [SandyBridge] Video tearing
https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=37686#c47

This bug report contains a number of tips to try that might work for you.


Empathy: Account Manager Error "Message did not receive a reply (timeout by message bus)"

Temporary workaround:

killall -9 empathy
killall -9 /usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5

Then restart Empathy. It should work until it breaks again.


Syntax Error: "(" unexpected error on XAMPP installation

According to your uname output, your processor architecture is aarch64 - which is 64-bit ARM

However according to file, the installer that you are trying to run is ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64 which is for the 64-bit AMD/Intel instruction set.

Because the kernel doesn't know how to load and execute the code, it make a last-ditch attempt to execute it with the default shell interpreter - which fails with a syntax error, as you have observed.

See also:

Syntax error: “(” unexpected when execute a compiled c program


Very high RAM usage in Ubuntu 20.04 on startup

May be a duplicate of Is ZFS on Ubuntu 20.04 using a ton of memory?
Please go through this thread and you will have more information. In short you can't do it, this is used for caching you can reduce it to some extent but not entirely.


scp, find files by names on remote and copy to local

I mentioned in my comment above about the --include option of the tar command. However, the GNU tar command does not contain an --include option. So the correct answer would be this:
./sshpass -p 'XXX' \
  ssh tpx@192.168.1.6 "cd /app/eretail/gaia/web/eti/ ; \
    find . -name '*new.html' -print0 | tar -cvf - --null -T -" \
  | tar -xvf -

Here, we are using ssh instead of sftp. ssh will run the commands cd, find and first tar on the remote server, to "tar" the files found by find on to stdout. The last tar command will run on the local machine to "un-tar" the files coming from stdin into the current directory.


A 1sec startup won't reach the operation system startup at all.
I'd suggest resetting your BIOS to default values and/or checking the BIOS battery if there is one in a laptop (which I'm not sure of)


Problem Installing Ubuntu on Lenovo Ideapad U330p

Solved:

Thank you all for your suggestions, after reading some more similar reports, it turns out it was simpler than I thought. After selecting the Try or Install, the screen brightness was set to 0. So I could see only pure black. Using the laptop brightness keys worked and the live Ubuntu is working fully ok. A bit stupid, but the screen was so black, I did not to came to the idea of using the brightness buttons (one has to press it two-three times before one can see the light on the screen).

To answer some of the questions:

For the usb, I tried Unetbootin, usb-creator-gtk (crashed), Live USB Creator, and mkusb script from http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2172971 on Ubuntu. The current usb I used for the last test is the one created with mkusb script. May be the others have worked too, but I could not tell.
I disabled secure boot in bios, and I changed the boot menu order in bios. In U330p bios can be reached via the small nova button - I am using a small screwdriver to press it.
After Try Ubuntu without installing from the grub, one has to use laptop brightness key to see the screen.

So I will install Ubuntu next :), thanks for all the help.


This appears to be a feature in the Yaru theme: https://github.com/ubuntu/yaru/issues/212

It is unclear if this behaviour can be disabled.


This answer is also in answer to 16.04 upgrade broke mysql-server but which I cannot answer as the admin locked it to 10 reputation.

The error in APT occurs during the upgrade of Ubuntu to 16.04 (xenial) and Mysql from 5.5 to 5.7.  Due to some packaging issues the APT upgrade ends in limbo because the post installation script of Mysql-server-5.7 fails to complete.

To solve the problem, try these steps:

apt purge mysql-server  and apt autoremove to clean all traces of the old MYSQL.  The database data will not be destroyed.
Remove everything from /etc/mysql directory.
Verify there is no old Mysql packages left installed: dpkg -l | grep mysql
apt install mysql-server to install

If these steps end in the same incomplete install, try the next step:

Tail -n 20 /var/log/mysql/error.log
The errors could be
a. bad password for debian-sys-maint
b. no memory for Innodb

Solve 2a: You need to upgrade the Mysql system tables from 5.5 to 5.7

Edit my.cnf to include under '[mysqld]' the line "skip-grant-tables", service mysql start, and mysql_upgrade --force -u root -p

Solve 2b: You are short of memory for Mysql Innodb pool (are you on a micro-size server?)

Edit my.cnf to include under '[mysqld]' the line
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 20M

the default innodb pool is 128M, that is tight in a 512M VM

To clear the APT error, do the post install again

dpkg --configure -a


Will Natty Narwhall include Linux 2.6.38?

Natty is now using to 2.6.38.

According to the kernel team's wiki:

  As
  Natty is not an LTS we do not require
  a specific version for alignment
  upstream. Therefore we will be using
  the latest version released at kernel
  freeze.


How to disable the task pane in Libreoffice

This is a known bug (see here: https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=35973).  It looks like there was a fix added to the code recently, I tested libreoffice 4.0 (pre-release) and it seems to be working as you would expect there.

To get version 4 (there are possibly other ways)
start here: http://www.libreoffice.org/download/?nodetect
pick 32bit or 64bit deb (for ubuntu)
pick your language
pick version 4.0.0
download & extract
(at this point I'd use synaptic to uninstall all libreoffice things you have, but strictly speaking I guess this isn't necessary)
in the DEBS dir, run "sudo dpkg --install *.deb"
and it will install to /opt/libreoffice4.0 or somesuch.


Unable to use blitz++ even after installing

The message in your question indicated that you need development package with header file.

According to search on packages.ubuntu.com it is located in libblitz0-dev package.

Install it with:

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt-get install libblitz0-dev

Also please note that it seems to be packaged with version 0.10-3.3 - you can get libblitz-doc, libblitz0-dev, libblitz0v5.

If you are trying to compile newer version then start with getting build-time dependencies of packaged version with:

sudo apt-get build-dep libblitz0v5


Ubuntu 16.0.4.3 is freezing after some time of usage

It is thermal issue. In other words your computer's CPU get over heated. Install Psensor and watch the temperature of your CPU. Also try to listen to the fan and check if it rotates well without any over noise.


Run the app that you want to add to the launcher.
While an app is running, it can be seen in the launcher.
Right click the app icon on the launcher and click "Lock to launcher".
Now close the app.It's icon is still present on the launcher.


Wine .exe needs access to shared folder on network

Create a Ubuntu file server, then on your Ubuntu workstations, mount the path to the shared data, a lá:

mount -t smbfs -o username=Administrator,password=yourPasswordHere //server/folder /mnt/windows

An interesting explanation may be found if you open https://www.viamais.net/blog/estendendo-suporte-a-unc-no-wine/ and then have it translate to English.


The short answer is: you can't.  Unity requires 3D support, and while it would be technically possible¹ to do this with the software 3D rasteriser, it'll be slow.

As far as I'm aware, qemu doesn't (yet) support virtualised 3D acceleration.  Virtualbox does, as does VMWare.  It should be possible to run Unity in one of those VMs.

¹: mesa's swrast is missing some necessary functionality, so it also requires code to be written before this would work.


Where are the mouse settings in Ubuntu 13.04?

They are unified now. The upper section, as the name suggests, is for both device types, the lower section is touchpad-specific.


How to run Gedit AND Nautilus as administrator with pkexec instead of gksu or gksudo
GVfs method tested in Ubuntu 18.04
Use the GVfs admin backend, just add admin:// to the beginning of the full path to your preferred directory.
Open Nautilus the usual way and press Ctrl+L to enable typing in the address-bar, and then enter for example admin:///usr/ to open the /usr/ directory.
Enter your admin password when prompted and you will see something like this:

At this point clicking on the folders with locks will open with admin privileges.
You may bookmark a folder that is opened with admin:/// prefix. When you click on such a bookmark later you may be prompted for the admin password again.
Alternatively, from the Terminal open nautilus with the argument admin:///usr/:
nautilus admin:///usr/

to open the /usr/ directory as root in Nautilus.
Editing text files with admin privileges
From Nautilus opened in this way, if you click on a text file that needs admin privileges, you will be prompted for password again, before it opens in your default editor such as Gedit.
If you are using Ubuntu 17.10
The following method does not work with Wayland by default. There are some workarounds. The easiest one is not to use Wayland. How do you switch from Wayland back to Xorg in Ubuntu 17.10? Other alternatives are described in Why don't gksu/gksudo or launching a graphical application with sudo work with Wayland?
Ubuntu will switch back to Xorg by default in 18.04 LTS and the workarounds will not be needed then.
Original answer
Source: WebUpd8
gksu hasn't been updated since 2009 and is not recommended any more. In fact, Ubuntu no longer ships with gksu by default (though it may be installed for many of you, because some apps still depend on it) and it may even be completely removed at some point.
Nautilus admin adds PolicyKit files for both Nautilus and Gedit and it allows opening a file or folder from Nautilus as root, via PolicyKit:
To install Nautilus Admin in Ubuntu, open a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T and use the following command:
sudo apt-get install nautilus-admin

And to restart Nautilus use either of the following commands:
nautilus -q or killall nautilus
After this when you right click on a folder you will see:

If you right click on a text file editable by Gedit you will see:

Then you will be prompted for password:

Related question: "Open in terminal" not working on nautilus as root
Finally, installing nautilus-admin also allows opening nautilus as root from the command line. Use the following command instead of gksu or gksudo:
pkexec nautilus

to open nautilus as root.
Hope this helps


Where are all those emails stored in postfix, location of storage of emails so that I could backup?

As per the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard, mail is stored in /var/mail/.


Newly opened applications always default to HDMI sound output (Ubuntu 20.04)

There is a bug report on this:
https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/pulseaudio/pulseaudio/-/issues/749
I have no problem on my Ubuntu 20.10 system, but there is a suggested fix
Use sudo nano /etc/pulse/default.pa
or use
sudo -H gedit /etc/pulse/default.pa
and find the lines:
load-module module-switch-on-port-available
load-module module-switch-on-connect

Change them to:
#load-module module-switch-on-port-available
#load-module module-switch-on-connect


Genymotion not detecting Virtualbox on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

load all virtualbox kernal modules. worked for me.
modprobe vboxdrv vboxnetflt vboxpci vboxnetad

Below is a screenshot about genymotion working after loading all kernel modules:


No, you can try Ubuntu on a system with

a single OS installed (any OS)
multiple OSes installed (any combination of OSes)
no OS installed

without impacting the installed systems.
I do this when live QA-testing (Quality Assurance) testing on borrowed devices (ie. not my own).
The only negative issue I've had, is it has changed the borrowed computers clock to UTC time, and the owner of the machine gets a message on next boot of their installed OS, telling them it's setting time back to local.  This occurs on some boxes.
To try Ubuntu before installing, see

https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/try-ubuntu-before-you-install

After download of a Ubuntu ISO, validate it using

https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-how-to-verify-ubuntu#0

To write a Ubuntu (or flavor) ISO you can use

https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu#1-overview
https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-macos#1-overview
https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-windows#1-overview


libre office copy formatting Ctrl+Shift+C alternative

Format Paintbrush is your friend:

You can set a (custom) shortcut key to it if you don‘t like clicking it:
from the menu, choose Tools - Customize - Keyboard tab (a document must be opened)


mokutil - failing for almost all options

It appears to be a UEFI bug in the motherboard. Some other UEFI/BIOS also fail to implement one of the methods required for mokutil to work. I also have an issue with an Asus X99-E USB3.1 mobo.

You can manually enroll the key, by saving it on a USB stick, booting into the bios setup and importing the key. There's a goofy interaction involving the mouse and enter key, such that it doesn't import when you think it should. But you can do so nonetheless.


Ubuntu Problems with Firefox 44 and Firefox 45

I believe it is a problem with Firefox 45 and 46, I had the same. Firefox 47 seems to work much better, you can download the binaries from here: https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/firefox/releases/45.1.0esr/linux-x86_64/en-US/


How to see information of a WiFi hotspot I once tried to connect to?

The log will be found in /etc//NetworkManager/system-connections. Here, for example, is a slightly redacted listing from my machine:

sudo cat /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/MMMB\ Wi-Fi

[connection]
id=MMMB Wi-Fi
uuid=3ab72ecb-9f3f-4642-82eb-15b0ff90819a
type=wifi
permissions=user:chili:;
secondaries=

[wifi]
mac-address=XX:3D:82:7A:FE:XX
mac-address-blacklist=
mac-address-randomization=0
mode=infrastructure
seen-bssids=
ssid=MMMB Wi-Fi

[wifi-security]
auth-alg=open
group=
key-mgmt=wpa-psk
pairwise=


It's not a hashed value, but it is the 128-bit value that is the symmetric encryption/decryption passphrase (key) for your files. It just looks like an MD5 hash because it's a 128-bit value.

The passphrase you're queried for is the user's (your?) login password, with which the encryption passphrase/key is encrypted (in ecryptfs' terms "wrapped").

This enables you to change your login password (with which the encryption passphrase is wrapped) without changing the encryption passphrase itself (which would result in the need to re-encrypt all encrypted files).

Think of it like an SSH private key that you protected with a passphrase - only that, knowing the "raw" encryption passphrase, you can recover your encrypted files without knowing the wrapping passphrase.

So you may store this 128-bit value somewhere safe (i.e. write it down and lock it away somewhere), and even if you forget your wrapping passphrase (i.e. login password), or something else goes wrong, you will be able to recover your encrypted files with the ecryptfs-utils - particularly ecryptfs-recover-private after answering the question if you know your LOGIN password with No; it will then ask if you know the encryption passphrase, which you may then type in from the paper on which you've written it down.


docker 1.11.2 on snappy cannot open /dev/bus

ahh found it. I had to enable this:

sudo docker-privilege on


Even though you assume that it is not a graphics drivers issue ... trying this solution might be a chance to get your problem solved - it worked in many similar cases ... first remove the drivers.

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On the login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1
enter user name and password ... execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Identify the graphics adapter ... execute :

lspci -k | grep -EA2 'VGA|3D'

For GEFORCE 400 - 700 I recommend to install the NVIDIA drivers version 352.
For GEFORCE 800 - 900 I recommend to install the NVIDIA drivers version 358.

Installation instructions for NVIDIA drivers version 352 :

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On the login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1
enter user name and password ... execute :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352
sudo reboot

Installation instructions for NVIDIA drivers version 358 :

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On the login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1
enter user name and password ... execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-358
sudo reboot

Note :

Generally you should use the NVIDIA drivers from the Ubuntu repositories. But when there are problems with the drivers ... then you can install the latest official NVIDIA drivers from the GPU Drivers PPA. This often leads to properly working graphics, especially on new NVIDIA adapters.


Let's say you have 2 computers with the same linux distributions, you would need to have LAMP installed on both computers.

Then, yes you can copy all files (configuration and relevant files) to the 2nd computer.

These could be depending on how you installed lamp,  the configuration files for apache, /etc/http/* or /etc/apache/* and the sites /var/www/*


intermittent error while browsing on chrome DNS_PROBE_FINISHED_NO_INTERNET

1 # lspci -v to check your network card / driver in use

2 # echo options rtl8723be fwlps=0 | tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf

3 - change router to WPA2-AES


You can use the variable PS1. So you would do:

$ PS1=\\w$

to get what you want. You can read the manual page

$ man bash

and see under "PROMPTING" to read about the different options. Remember that you need to escape a backslash into a double backslash for the codes like \w.


List unique result only on history command

To get the names of the commands only, you can use this:

history | cut -f4 -d\  | sort -u

Or for better results, you can use this:

history | sort -u -b -k2,2


Try:

awk '/./{ printf "%s%s", $0, (/Added/?"\n":",") }' data

Using your sample input data:

$ awk '/./{printf "%s%s",$0,(/Added/?"\n":",")}' data
Peter Green,Space Monkey at Area 51,Joined,Added by SF 3 weeks ago
Will Rossiter,Joined,Added by SF 3 weeks ago
Dean Matthews,Guitarist at Blues,Joined,Added by SF 3 weeks ago
Hobbit Mak,Farnborough, United Kingdom,Joined,Added by SF 3 weeks ago
Keneth W Moorfield,THE STOREMAN,Joined,Added by SF 3 weeks ago
Mick Georgious,Software Engineer,Joined,Added by SF 3 weeks ago

How it works:

/./{...}

This performs the commands in curly braces only if the line contains a character.  In other words, this ignores blank lines.
printf "%s%s",$0,(/Added/?"\n":",")

This prints the line, denoted $0, followed by either a comma or a newline depending on whether the line matches the regex Added.


I also couldn't mount movie DVDs, and was having this error:

~$ dmesg | grep sr0
VFS: busy inodes on changed media or resized disk sr0

The solution that worked for me was to edit /etc/fstab which I found in a mail-thread.

So, as described there, I edited the file, adding in the end the following line:

/dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0

and then I had to restart, since fstab is loaded on system start.


How do I find out which driver version of BtrFS I am using?

TLDR

Starting at Linux kernel v2.6.32 (December 2009) the BTRFS module abandoned it own separate versioning scheme. The last version before that moment was v0.19 according to official changelog.

Original answer

There are two ways to implement a filesystem in Linux:

either merge the code into the kernel, or build it as a user-space application using a "Filesystem in Userspace" framework (FUSE).

File systems implemented in kernel have better efficiency than those on top of FUSE (but this difference diminishes in time, as FUSE becomes more and more mature).

BTRFS is implemented only in kernel as a kernel module named btrfs, so it's version is tightly coupled with the kernel version. And a BTRFS kernel team contributed a lot of generic code to kernel in the process of implementing their FS. Normally you would get version information of the btrfs kernel module using command modinfo btrfs | grep -i ver, but in my case (Ubuntu 14.04) this field does not exist for btrfs.

Yes, a lot of things are implemented in kernel. That's why Linux is said to have monolithic kernel. In GNU HURD you'd have btrfs as a separate service (something like "driver") if only GNU HURD would ever be production-ready.

It is not true, that the btrfs module version is the same as btrfs-tools. They usually coincide, but they not necessarily have to. (There was a time, where btrfs-tools shipped with Ubuntu was one year behind the latest version compatible with the kernel). Btrfs-tools is intended to be backward-compatible, so a newer version can be run on older kernels, perhaps with reduced functionality if some btrfs features are not present in the kernel yet.

Again, BTRFS version is tightly coupled with kernel version during the development phase. Effectively there is no such thing as "btrfs driver version" other than in kernel.btrfs git source code commits. Or any other FS version except for file systems written on top of FUSE.


How to set terminal tab titles font size?

You can go to menu > System > Preferences > Appearance and change the font size of "Application font".


To perform Printer maintenance in Ubuntu, is there an application for several types of printers?

Mtink

This is a good tool for Measure printer ink levels and do maintenance tasks.

It is for Epson printers but also works with HP and Cannon printers.

sudo apt-get install mtink


Overheating, faulty laptop - How to prevent overheating?

Have you installed the latest microde for your CPU. It is very useful for laptops and all the other computers with newest CPUs. If your CPU is from Intel, you need to install
intel-microcode package and also microcode.ctl package, and there is a different package for Amd CPUs named amd64-microcode.

This is a good tutorial showing you how to properly update Ubuntu to the latest microcode package.

Once you install this microcode package, you should see after reboot some improvements for your CPU temperatures. Next you can visit this page to learn how to properly deal with CPU overheating and CPU power control by installing and testing one or more software packages as suggested in that link. Please read the comments to the article too because they can provide you with other reliable alternate solutions for your problem.


Stop asking for authentication to mount USB stick

Try this.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo gedit /usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.freedesktop.udisks2.policy

When it opens look for

<action id="org.freedesktop.udisks2.filesystem-unmount-others">
<defaults>
      <allow_any>auth_admin</allow_any>
      <allow_inactive>auth_admin</allow_inactive>
      <allow_active>auth_admin_keep</allow_active>
</defaults>

And change it to

<action id="org.freedesktop.udisks2.filesystem-unmount-others">
<defaults>
      <allow_any>yes</allow_any>
      <allow_inactive>yes</allow_inactive>
      <allow_active>yes</allow_active>
</defaults>


how to delete particular number or letter before an symbols (|) using grep command

It looks like you want to remove everything before the last | character. However, your second example has a | after the ID and before the hypothetical protein. Presumably, in that case, you want to remove everything before the last | that is not followed by a space.

Here's one way:

$ sed 's/| / /; s/^[^ ]*|/>/' file.pep
>CAX10446 conserved hypothetical protein
MSIRGVGGNGNSRIPSHNGDGSNRRSQNTKNKVEDRVRSLYSSRSNENRESPYAVVDVSSMIESTPTSGE
TTRASRGVFSRFQRGLGRVADKVRRAVQRAWSSVSIRRSSATRATESRSSSRTARGASSGYKEYSPSAAR
>AAX50250.1 hypothetical protein CTA_0001
MSIRGVGGNGNSRIPSHNGDGSNRRSQNTKNKVEDRVRSLYSSRSNENRESPYAVVDVSSMIESTPTSGE
TTRASRGVFSRFQRGLGRVADKVRRAVQRAWSSVSIRR

The s/| / /; removes any | followed by a space. This will remove the | from AAX50250.1|. The s/^[^ ]*|/>/ looks for a > at the beginning of the line (^>) and removes the longest string of non-space ([^ ]) characters until the last | on the line.


Download the tuxcut deb file from this Sourceforge link
Install it's dependencies

sudo apt-get install wondershaper python-qt4 arp-scan dsniff arptables

Install the tuxcut's deb file with dpkg

sudo dpkg -i tuxcut_5.0_all.deb


Is it possible to log the compressed size of the images compressed? (With imagemagick)

Yes, but some clarification of your question may be needed. It's very simple to do with a shell script; e.g., with Awk or Perl. But if your question is whether it can be done without any other tools, then I think the answer is no.

The script is very easy to write, however. You haven't listed all of your requirements, but it could be called with the same arguments as you've passed to convert, and it could simply parse the output of ls -al to get the difference between the uncompressed and compressed sizes.

You may wish to update your question by asking "How would I write a shell script to...", if I've guessed correctly about the intent of the question.

UPDATE The script:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# script to log before-and-after sizes for imagemagick compression
INPUT_FILENAME="$1"
OUTPUT_FILENAME="$4"

ORIGINAL_SIZE=$(wc -c "${INPUT_FILENAME}" | cut -d ' ' -f1)
convert "$@"
COMPRESSED_SIZE=$(wc -c "${OUTPUT_FILENAME}" | cut -d ' ' -f1)

echo "${OUTPUT_FILENAME} | saved size: $(expr $ORIGINAL_SIZE - $COMPRESSED_SIZE)"

Put this in a script named, for example, convert_with_logging, make it executable with chmod +x convert_with_logging, and call it with the same arguments as you called convert; i.e.,

./convert_with_logging photo.jpg -quality 50% photo2.jpg


You may use a GNOME shell extension called Icon Hider. It provides you the granular control over the the top bar icons, lets you hide/show indicators individually.
Once installed, toggle off the "a11y" item in the extension's preferences window.

You may have to re-login to see the change.


What is a good GUI file renamer that takes files from command line URIs?

I have found the solution from this link.
Thunar file manager has a bulk rename tool. I feel it is simple and easy to use compared to other bulk renamers.
Step 1
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends thunar

Above command installs core Thunar files.
Step 2
Open Nemo Preferences dialog from Edit menu and navigate to Behavior tab. Scroll down to the bottom of the menu and add the following command as the Command to invoke when renaming multiple items:
thunar --bulk-rename

Now select any number of files and press F2 or right click and select Rename....


Ubuntu Server 13.04.3 doesn't boot w/ EFI

Knowing more about your setup may be helpful. In particular, you mention using OS X to prepare your boot medium, but you also don't mention any OS X partitions, so it's not clear if the computer is a Mac or some other type of computer. If it's a Mac, I recommend you post back with clarifications, including whether you've actually got an OS X installation on this system. If it's a UEFI-based PC, one of the following will probably get things up and running:

If Secure Boot is enabled on your computer, disable it. Then download and prepare a USB flash drive or CD-R with my rEFInd boot manager. (Note that there are download links for images of both type.) Boot with it. This should get Linux booting. You can then install the Debian-package version of rEFInd, which should take over the boot manager duties on your computer.
Run the Boot Repair utility from an emergency disc booted in EFI mode. In many cases, this will get GRUB working again. In case it doesn't, be sure to record the URL that the program presents. You can then post it here, since it will hold additional details that may be of use in diagnosing your problem.

If you've got a Mac, rEFInd is likely to be the more useful tool, but you should install it from OS X, not from Linux. (That is, don't use the Debian package; use the .zip file from OS X.)


Error loading share libraries: libgfortran.so.3 under Ubuntu 18.04.1

According to packages.ubuntu.com you should install libgfortran3 package, as it contains /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgfortran.so.3:

sudo apt-get install libgfortran3

Note: if your software is 32-bit, then install two corresponding packages:

sudo apt-get install lib32gfortran3 libx32gfortran3


It's in the official repositories:
sudo apt install gnome-shell-extension-gsconnect

There is another package which will enable browser support (Firefox/Chromium):
sudo apt install gnome-shell-extension-gsconnect-browsers

The universe repository needs to be enabled, otherwise apt will be unable to locate the packages:
sudo add-apt-repository universe


Setting up CyberGhost VPN service on Ubuntu

client.crt and client.key are files required to connect your VPN.

The tutorial you link to describes how to download them (search the page for client.crt).


How do I get the webcam on a Dell Inspiron 14N 4050 working?

You need the correct program to find and use the webcam.

Here is an answer to a similar question about a external webcam, but the answer is the same.  Answer by Luis Alvarado.

Can I install an external webcam successfully


How to adjust TouchPad edge scroll area in Ubuntu?

Use command synclient. To list current values type synclient -l, to change for example RightEdge type synclient RightEdge=4000.

To make it work on startup copy
/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf
and add your options into
/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf.

For example, I added the following into the file (but I use touchpad only for scrolling, so it is the opposite of what you need, but you can adapt the values):

Option      "RightEdge" "2000"
Option      "BottomEdge" "2000"

Restart.

Taken from
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=886449


Im sure this is a duplicate of other related questions. Im mobile right now since ubuntu 16.04 update ruined my installation. But the there are one of two links that may help you.

Edit:
Installing ubuntu with uefi windows
Installing Ubuntu Alongside a Pre-Installed Windows with UEFI

How to dual boot ubuntu and windows
How can I dual-boot Windows 10 and Ubuntu on a UEFI HP notebook?

Or

Unable to boot windows after ubuntu install
Unable to boot into Windows after installing Ubuntu, how to fix?

Please post which one helps so the community can flag your post.

Before installing ubuntu next to windows (8+ and up) you should use windows to partition your hdd for ubuntu installation. Then choose the the parition space you created in windows using the ubuntu install. Turn off fast boot in bios and windows, and all should go well. Most likely fast boot is your issue and windows boot loader skips right past grub.

The reason your ext partitions will not display in windows is because Windows is incapable of of detecting Linux File systems and will not show up.


Set Ubuntu to display only in the half of the screen

First some useful keyboard shortcuts to get an application to apper on one half of the screen. If the left half of the screen is broken you could press the super (windows ) key and right to snap the window to the right half of the screen. Or if the right half of the screen is broken press windows and left to break it. If the bottom half was broken then press super + up or if top was broken super +down.  https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Lubuntu/Keyboard
Also if you have an old unused vga cable laying around you might want to check to see if there is a vga input on this persons tv as then you could use it as a monitor. This sounds too old but hdmi with an hdmi cable would work too.

Now with only half of the screen you may want to modify the panel settings so right click on the panel. Then hit panel settings. IF the bottom half was broken and you can't see the panel press control alt t to open a terminal and then supe plus up to get it entirely in the working half of the monitor. then you will need to run lxpanelctl config & to launch the configuration dialog and then press super plus up to make it in the visible top half of the screen. Since the bottom is broken you would likely want to move it to the top. http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/utopic/en/man1/lxpanelctl.1.html is the same as on vivid just there aren't 15.04 manpages on manpages.ubuntu.com yet for more info see https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu-manpage-repository/+bug/1448306.

If the right of left half of the monitor is broken you can right click on panel and panel settings and align to the working side of the monitor. as a panel on the broken part of the screen won't help you much. So right click panel settings and appernce under geometry select alignment on the left or right side of the screen that is working. and make it 50 percent. This may result in a rather crowded panel so

Also setting a margin in openbox configuration manager so that maximized windows do not cover the broken half of the screen. To do this you will need to know the resolution which can be found using xrandr in terminal. Then for the side of the screen that is broken in openbox configuration manager.
The line that says current will be important.

Alternitively using your monitor to fix panel settings may be really helpful.

You can set a huge margin in openbox configuration manager so that windows will not take up the broken part of the screen. Set the margin to half the resolution along the broken side of the monitor. So if the left half of the monitor is broken set the margin equal to left half of the monitor. You can use galculator as a calculator to do the math on lubuntu.


After Installing Ubuntu 13.04 Not able to see options for Windows 8 and Ubuntu at Start Up

When you install, make room for "/" for all your system data.  It looks like you only allocated /home and swap space.  I'm guessing it said you have <1MB because there was no partition for /.  Here is a post on here about it.

Here is documentation on it as well

I personally use swap space, /, /home, and /boot.  But I think only the first two are required.


This might not solve your issue, but seeing as your question came up when I was searching on my own this might help. I found that under Mint using the linux kernel version 3.16.30 most things are working but the touchpad dies on resume from suspend. Running the below script removes and then adds back the touchpad's kernel module, resetting it to its boot time behaviour:

#!/bin/bash
sudo rmmod hid_multitouch
sudo modprobe hid_multitouch


Google Calendar Events do not appear in Evolution

For 12.10

Update evolution & evolution-data-server to 3.6.4 from bec's ppa.


What happens if Déjà Dup tries to back up to a disconnected external disc?

From v14 release note:

  The most visible new feature is much better support for external drives. Now Deja Dup will notice if the drive is not connected when a scheduled backup occurs, and will wait for it to be connected. It will notify you that it is waiting.


Can't download Ubuntu Server 17 from my country

Ubuntu 17.10 has problems with damaging the BIOS of certain laptops, so it's no longer available and, instead, 17.10.1 was released recently to replace it.

To get the newer version, try downloading the ISO on the main download site or, from the server you were trying to get it from, http://mirror.rasanegar.com/ubuntu/cd/17.10/ubuntu-17.10.1-server-amd64.img (note that ubuntu-17.10 is changed to ubuntu-17.10.1).


How to mount/access my second hard drive?

Drives in external enclosures sometimes require reformatting either when put into an external enclosure, or if they're later removed from that same external enclosure. This has everything to do with the USB to SATA bridge card installed in the external enclosure.

To prove this, reinstall the drive back into the same external enclosure and see if its disk label and partition table are now recognizable. If they are recognizable, you'll have to reformat the drive when removed from the enclosure and reinstalled back into your server.

And as a side note... if you're having any ethernet problems... you'll want to replace the r8169 driver with r8168-dkms.

update: after reinstalling the drive into your server, use gparted to install a new (probably GPT) partition table, and then create your new partition. That will wipe out anything that is there and allow you to use the drive.

To make it automount at boot time, you'll need to edit /etc/fstab (gksudo gedit /etc/fstab) and add a line similar to this example:

# mount ext4 disk
UUID=0C0F93CE58153D42  /media/your_username/My_Data  ext4  defaults   0   0

changing the UUID to the correct UUID for your disk (which can be found using sudo blkid). And changing the file system type from ext4 to something else, if it's not ext4. You may want/need to add some permissions/owner/group/mask identifiers... I'll let you research that on your own.


Window Decorations on Gnome Flashback not changing and emerald?

To change theme run this command in terminal:

gsettings set org.gnome.metacity theme "Ambiance"

Replace "Ambiance" with theme name you want to use.


Ubuntu Touch - Unable to delete 5 pictures in on go

You're possibly experiencing this bug. This should be fixed with the latest update (v2.9.1.1322).


How to set up video and audio players to use realtime (or close) priority?

to change a running process (as mentioned above : renice -n -20 <pid>

or viva GUI

gnome-system-monitor => Processes => RightClick => ChangePriority


Why Skype application closes before connecting?

As you can see here Microsoft decided to force people to upgrade to newer Skype versions and the old ones cease to work since a few weeks already. This might probably be related to Skype moving from peer-to-peer to being cloud based.

  As announced earlier this year, the old Skype for Linux v4.3 is at its
  end-of-life and will be decommissioned in the upcoming weeks.

  You will be automatically signed out of Skype until you update.
  Please, update to the new Skype 8.x, which is ready for you with lots
  of improvements at Skype.com.

  In case you hit any issues, please check known issues, system
  requirements, or post your questions directly to this forum. All your
  feedback will be greatly appreciated.

  Kind regards,

  The Skype Team
  (source)

To get the newer version you should download the latest .deb file from Microsoft and install it with gdebi or dpkg (shouldn't make a difference but gdebi is a bit more secure when it comes to dependencies).

wget https://go.skype.com/skypeforlinux-64.deb
sudo apt install gdebi
sudo gdebi skypeforlinux-64.deb

Be aware, the new Skype will create a file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ and will do so every time it updates if the file does not exist with the exact name Skype chosen for it. So renaming the file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ only calls for trouble in form of duplicated source list entries. You as well want to remove any before existing files for Skype in your sources.list.d directory.

(source which is an answer by my self on U&L Stackexchange)


How to make Geany understand the new HTML5 elements?

On the version of Geany shipped with Ubuntu 12.04 (0.21), this doesn't appear to be an issue!

I recommend you update to the latest version of Geany using this PPA or, if you're feeling adventurous, updating to Ubuntu 12.04. Good luck!

Andrew


Cannot Upgrade from 10.04 due to "Karmic" error during upgrade

Personally I would recommend a full backup and fresh install.  A lot has changed between 10.04 and 12.04 or 12.10 so a fresh install would be cleaner.

However since you don't want to do this.  The problem is that 10.10 is not supported any more so you can it can not find the 10.10 files.

To fix this you need to upgrade to the next LTS version which is 12.04.  To do this open "Update Manager" and click the "Settings Button".  In the window that opens change "Notify me of a new Ubuntu version" to "For long-term support versions" instead of  "For any new version".

You may need to reboot for this to take effect, but I'm not sure.

You can now upgrade directly to 12.04.

12.04 "Precise" is supported until April 2017 so I would stick with that but If you want to you can upgrade from there to 12.10.

Updates can go wrong so make sure you have good backups of both Windows and Ubuntu before updating


Try this on terminal,

sudo apt-get purge fdupes


Manipulate the Default Shortcut Super+Space for Switching to Next Input Source without Graphical Representation

With the help of @danzel, the link provided by him..https://github.com/Nekotekina/kbhook/blob/master/layout_rotate.sh

I have saved the below script as ~/SL.sh and created a shortcut with Super+Space as
/bin/bash /home/pratap/SL.sh

#!/bin/bash

CURRENT=`gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell --object-path /org/gnome/Shell --method org.gnome.Shell.Eval "imports.ui.status.keyboard.getInputSourceManager().currentSource.index"`

if [ "$CURRENT" == "(true, '1')" ]; then
  gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell --object-path /org/gnome/Shell --method org.gnome.Shell.Eval "imports.ui.status.keyboard.getInputSourceManager().inputSources[0].activate()"
else
  gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell --object-path /org/gnome/Shell --method org.gnome.Shell.Eval "imports.ui.status.keyboard.getInputSourceManager().inputSources[1].activate()"
fi

now Super+Space is toggling the Languages without graphical representation which I was looking for..

thanks to @danzel once again


Unable to make Viber call on Ubuntu 20.04

I had the same issue with the current official DEB-package (Viber v12.0) on Kubuntu 20.04. Any of the following should work:

Installing "viber-unofficial" with snap. Both stable (v0.1 corresponds to Viber 7.0) and edge channel (v10.3). The first one has the same issue with calls. The second one is crashing

Qt issues:
snap qt.qpa.plugin: Could not find the Qt platform plugin "xcb" in ""

Installing "viber-mtd" with snap. It is crashing with QT issue and ALSA issue:
Qt WebEngine ICU data not found at /snap/viber-mtd/17/opt/viber/resources. Trying parent directory..

ALSA lib conf.c:3750:(snd_config_update_r) Cannot access file /usr/share/alsa/alsa.conf.

Installing with Viber v12.0 flatpack:
flatpak install flathub com.viber.Viber
flatpak run com.viber.Viber

This way it works well! Both video and sound.


I was snooping around my computer, and found this. Is it normal? (MabookPro, mid 2012, ubuntu 14.04.2

/dev/sda4 partition has my OSX boot

No, it does not. It is the root system for your Ubuntu. /dev/sda1 holds you EFI boot; that is the one that lets you boot into operating systems (plural!).

  And are all these other partitions normal?

Yes. Do take notice of the "NONE" in the filesystem column. This indicates a partition that is not physical but stored in memory. See also: what does device node 'none' means in file system?


cp -Rp /home/vmail /mnt/newdrive
mv /home/vmail /home/vmailbackup
edit fstab to mount the new drive at /home/vmail
init 6
done

should work appropriately...


Try the -f option at the time to install to fix broken packages or dependencies:

apt -f install ubuntu-gnome-desktop

You can try to search for the correct package of gnome for your current distribution:

apt-cache search gnome-desktop


This is going to sound crazy, but assuming you're using a microSD to SD card adatper: try another adapter! I just had this problem with a known good card, and discovered that it worked perfectly with a different SD card adapter. (The "bad" adapter worked correctly with a different microSD card.) I have no idea why this would be, but it was a consistent fix in my case.


Custom Ubuntu ISO Creator: "Warning! You are not in the chroot environment. Exiting."

I found your question trying to solve the same problem. Since I couldn't find an answer, here is how I eventually solved it:

Cubic logs to stdout, which in my case was ~/.cache/lxsession/Lubuntu/run.log.

Cubic expands the iso, then unsquashes the filesystem in the casper/ folder. I found that the Ubuntu Server 16.04 ISO did not have a casper/ folder, but the squashed filesystem was in install/.

I fixed it by running sudo sed -i 's/casper/install/g' /usr/share/cubic/utilities.py. NOTE: This modifies the Cubic code and is NOT reversible in the same way -- it'd be easiest to uninstall then reinstall it.

Apparently there is also a bug report about Cubic not supporting Ubuntu Server: https://bugs.launchpad.net/cubic/+bug/1743177

Cheers!


You should pass the function arguments into your Python code as regular shell arguments, which can be accessed there through the sys.argv array. In the Bash function, its call arguments can be accessed e.g. through "$*", which returns all arguments as a single, space separated string argument (as if it were quoted as a whole, not separate tokens).

Here's an example that follows your original code:

urlquote() { python -c 'import sys, urllib as ul; print ul.quote(sys.argv[1])' "$*" ;}

However, as Python 2 support will end soon, here's the better Python 3 equivalent:

urlquote() { python3 -c 'import sys, urllib.parse as ul; print(ul.quote(sys.argv[1]))' "$*" ;}

The invocation is the same for both, type the function name followed by the string you want to encode as argument. Don't forget to quote it appropriately:

$ urlquote "roses are red, violets are blue..."
roses%20are%20red%2C%20violets%20are%20blue...

Note: Don't ever directly inject shell arguments into your Python code string, like python -c "print('$x')", as this could lead to easily exploitable security risks if you ever plan to run your function on untrusted input, allowing people to run arbitrary commands!

Have a look at this shell example, where I craft the argument in the variable x in a way to run the system command uname (which is harmless and just prints "Linux", but you can do everything here):

$ x="');import os;os.system('uname');('"

$ python3 -c "print('$x')"
Linux


Using windows exported ".rdp" file from Ubuntu

You can use Remmina, which is default application for remote desktop in Ubuntu from version 11.04.

From Remmina main menu select Tools -> Import and select your .rdp file. It will be imported and added to your saved connections in Remmina and you can use it anytime you start Remmina.


As soon as you have started the check out, subversion creates working copy meta data in the folder.

Thus, you can run svn up <wc-dir>. After a terminated operation however, you might need to run svn cleanup <wc-dir> first.


How do I get sourcekit-lsp to work for VS Code? (for Swift)

After finding and following this guide:
https://www.raywenderlich.com/8325890-a-complete-guide-to-swift-development-on-linux
I discovered I had to write
rm -rf .build/
when in the project folder, because the sourcekit-lsp fails if this folder exists already.
Not enough, I have problems with unknown attribute  '_spi'


How to get same Portuguese keyboard as Ubuntu in Xubuntu

Try running $ setxkbmap -query in both Ubuntu and Xubuntu sessions and compare the results.

If they differ AFAIU you'll have to edit /etc/default/keyboard


I think a system reinstall is the best way to go, and instead of upgrading (which sometimes work, but some times not) doing a clean install. I had issues with upgrading between "newest" versions of ubuntu, and my system was also freezing and unresponsive. After a clean install, it worked fine again.
How to do it safe depends on your pc. I would customize the partitions, remove everything, and make 1 partition mounted at /. The grub install location should then be set to your ssd, and after installation, you can try reinstalling your graphics driver. If it doesn't work, try again without the graphics driver.


To get a console press Ctrl+F1 at the broken login screen. If that does not work boot into recover mode, drop to a root prompt, remount the root directory :

mount -o rw,remount /

Once logged in try uninstalling cuda :

sudo apt-get remove cuda

or the driver

sudo apt-get remove nvidia-349

or

sudo apt-get remove nvidia-346


Deleted EFI partition, BIOS needs long time to boot

It appears your BIOS is somehow damaged. In order to fix this, try sudo grub-install. that will install a new grub for you.

If it says "Grub is already installed" or something like that, I guess you will just have to migrate to 17.04 via USB.

NOTE: MIGRATE using a USB to store your files, and another USB to install 17.04. Ubuntu usually has trouble upgrading, but not migrating.


If you want the system to boot into the default OS without showing the grub menu and without any delay, edit /etc/default/grub and set these variables:

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=0

Then run sudo update-grub.


Install Plasma 5 KDE ubuntu - Cannot add PPA

ppa:kubuntu-ppa/next-backports is a valid name for a PPA, but there is no PPA with this name. Here is a list of valid PPAs of the “Kubuntu Package Archives” team.

backports – Kubuntu Backports
beta – Kubuntu Beta Backports
experimental – Kubuntu Experimental
ppa – Kubuntu Updates
staging-frameworks – Kubuntu Staging Frameworks
staging-kdeapplications – Kubuntu Staging KDE Applications
staging-misc – Kubuntu Staging Misc
staging-plasma – Kubuntu Staging Plasma

Therefore install an existing PPA, e.g.

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports


14.04: What to do about deprecated Intel Linux Graphics installer?

To answer your question directly:

You have 3 choices, do nothing, upgrade Ubuntu to a version that the intel installer supports, or run another distro that the installer supports.

To help in choosing:

The big reason for an LTS release is to have an OS that is stable and does not change often.
If having the latest graphics is important you should consider following the latest Ubuntu releases instead of LTS.
A question you need to answer yourself is does 14.04 LTS and the latest Intel installer for it lack anything you need, will 14.10 and the updated drivers give you anything you desire ?
Don't assume having the latest features is always better, as you may end up with bugs/issues and features you never use/need.


Use this answer to completely remove nvidia drivers from your system.

Then, reboot the system and when you login to your Desktop Environment, open a terminal (open the terminal with CTRL+ALT+T) and issue the following commands (one by one - copy paste them from here to your terminal).

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-173
sudo nvidia-xconfig

If above procedure goes well, without errors, then reboot once more and it should be fine.


It is possible using Apple's Bootcamp (you can get this off the Mac Appstore)
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MactelSupportTeam/CommunityHelpPages Here is a link to the Ubuntu page which tells you what is compatible.


I think this answers my question: A strong password is significantly different from your previous password.:

  Strong Passwords

  Applications, and libraries exist for your Ubuntu system to assist in
  generating, or enforcing strong passwords. A strong password is
  defined as any password which meets the following criteria:

  At least fifteen (15) characters in length.
  Does not contain your user name, real name, organization name, family member's names or names of your pets.
  Does not contain your birth date.
  Does not contain a complete dictionary word.
  Is significantly different from your previous password.
  Should contain three (3) of the following character types.
      Lowercase Alphabetical (a, b, c, etc.)
      Uppercase Alphabetical (A, B, C, etc.)
      Numerics (0, 1, 2, etc.)
      Special Characters (@, %, !, etc.)

Since my current password and the new password ends with 3go!, Ubuntu won't let me reuse it.

Thank you all!


However I have a script that fetches information in Linux and writes information to file in this share.

After writing the file, before your .VBS program reads it, flush the file buffer manually. I don't know how to do that in a shell script, but in perl you close the filehandle:

close($FILE);


Are you certain that inbound SMTP traffic is reaching your server? Many ISPs in the United States block such traffic.

Use nmap or netcat to see whether your machine is reachable from the inner layers outward: first on the lan, then from outside your firewall (e.g. a wireless connection to your gateway) and then from a remote site.

When you receive the error message from Gmail, the actual error will go a long way to diagnose the problem.


How to load amsdu_size=3 with the iwlwifi module

The way to load the parameter is by first unloading the driver:

sudo modprobe -r iwlwifi

And then loading it with the required parameter:

sudo modprobe iwlwifi amsdu_size=3

As far as I know, the only way to confirm it is:

cat /sys/module/iwlwifi/parameters/amsdu_size

If the module loaded, the result should be 3.


Either Ctrl+Shift+U00A0 or AltGr+Space: it's called a non-breaking space.

See this thread on Ubuntu Forums for more info.


Please try installing the package account-plugin-sip using your favorite package manager or type in the command line

sudo apt-get install account-plugin-sip

That should make the SIP option available in your accounts settings.


Problem solved! I ran Boot-Repair again with UEFI boot mode. This time Boot-Repair told me I'm missing a 250mb FAT32 EFI boot partition instead of a 20mb un-formated partition for legacy boot. So I created a new partition and successfully boot into my old Kubuntu! Thanks Boot-Repair~ Thanks Ubuntu community~


Is there software to manage the laptop's touchpad?

You could try gpointing-device-settings :

sudo apt-get install gpointing-device-settings

It has additional options over the stock control panel.  Good luck. Touchpad options in Ubuntu and linux in general appear to the new "WIFI Driver" - it's a bagatelle whether you get proper support for any given model. Modern clickpads (touchpads that incorporate their buttons under a single smooth surface) are particularly poorly supported. Support for certain features comes from the kernel, not the configuration tool itself, so if you can't, say, get two-fingered scrolling working from the stock options, it's unlikely that install gpointing-device-settings will make any difference.


Can I use dd command to backup a partition on a FTP server?

Please note that dd is not very efficient as a backup tool, it copies the entire partition space including used an unused space. Using partimage (package available from the repositories) is a better option.
Because partimage does not have integrated FTP support you would need to use something like curlftpfs. I am not sure it would be reliable. FTP was designed to upload files previously created, not to update them incrementally.


Due to license issues Ubuntu will no longer distribute Oracle's JDK and JRE. Also previous versions supplied on PPAs suffer from security issues are are not recommended to be installed on any Ubuntu system.
There are no more supported java releases from Ubuntu - Ubuntu officially supports OpenJDK and OpenJRE implementation of Java which is the base for Oracle's own implementation.
To install the OpenJDK & OpenJRE refer to this Q&A.
The instructions below provide a guide to install the official Oracle JDK 6.  You will need to regularly update this manually to ensure your installation maintains recommended security and stability fixes.
Install the Oracle JDK 6

Oracle JDK 6 is no longer maintained. It is not updated with the latest security patches and are not recommended for use in production.
You can however still download them from the Oracle Java Archive

Oracle themselves have the official guide to install their JDK - below is based upon those instructions.

Download the 32bit or 64bit Linux "compressed binary file" - it has a ".bin" file extension

Give it permissions to execute and extract it
chmod a+x [version]-linux-i586.bin
./[version]-linux-i586.bin

During installation it will ask you to register - press ENTER.  Firefox will open with the registration page.  Registration is optional.
JDK 6 package is extracted into ./jdk1.6.0_x directory, for example ./jdk1.6.0_30.
Lets rename it:
mv jdk1.6.0_30 java-6-oracle

Now move the JDK 6 directory to /usr/lib

sudo mkdir /usr/lib/jvm
sudo mv java-6-oracle /usr/lib/jvm
switch to Oracle JDK 6
webupd8.googlecode.com hosts a nice-easy script to help with this.
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/google-code-archive-downloads/v2/code.google.com/webupd8/update-java-0.5b
chmod +x update-java-0.5b
sudo ./update-java-0.5b

don't worry - 0.5b refers to the script version - not the version of java!
An alternative to this is to use the webupd8 ppa and the update-java package.

Finally test the switch has been successful:
java -version
javac -version

These should display the oracle version installed - 1.6.0_30
Install the Firefox/Chrome plugin
In a terminal:
mkdir ~/.mozilla/plugins

Remove the IcedTea plugin, if it has been installed.
sudo apt-get remove icedtea6-plugin

Remove a former version of the Java plugin (may or may not be present)
rm ~/.mozilla/plugins/libnpjp2.so

Now you can install the plugin, by creating a symbolic link (you tell Firefox, where the plugin is located).
(32bit)
ln -s /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-oracle/jre/lib/i386/libnpjp2.so ~/.mozilla/plugins/

(64bit)
ln -s /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-oracle/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so ~/.mozilla/plugins/

Confirm that the JRE has been successful by using the official oracle website.

Linked Questions:

How do I install Java?
How do I install Oracle Java JDK 7?
How can I install Sun/Oracle's proprietary Java JDK 6/7/8 or JRE?


Duplicity Error accessing possibly locked file

it simply means duplicity could not access these files. hence they will not end up in your backup.

make sure the files are readable (check permissions or runtime locks) if you want them backed up
 or
as you wrote, simply exclude them.

..ede/duply.net


I have found a very simple solution to this problem.

After a single change, the above folder now looks like this when set to 200% icon zoom level:

It was as simple as changing the "thumbnail-size" value in "dconf-editor" for nautilus to a larger value.

To apply the change, make sure "dconf-editor" is installed in your system by typing the following into a terminal:

sudo apt-get install dconf-editor

After installing, type Alt - F2 to pull up the command dialogue, and type "dconf-editor" to search for it and click on it.

Once you have "dconf-editor" open, navigate to the following location in the left pane:

org > gnome > nautilus > icon-view

See this example image for the location:

The value that needs changed is the "thumbnail-size" value. I changed it from a default of 64 to 128. Depending on your display resolution, you may need to change it to a different value to make things look exactly the way you want. Smaller displays might need a value larger than 64, but 128 might be to large, so try something like 96.

Once that value is changed, exit "dconf-editor". Now the thumbnail cache needs to be cleared to allow that changes to take effect.

First close all Nautilus windows, then type the following code in a terminal (each line is a separate command).

nautilus -q
sudo rm -r ~/.cache/thumbnails/

The first command makes sure Nautilus is closed, and the second clears your thumbnail cache.

Note that this does not affect file or folder icons. Those will still appear to be smaller than the picture and video icons generated by Nautilus (or more correctly generated by ffmpegthumbnailer). This is still a huge improvement for thumbnails in Nautilus even with this shortcoming.

This fix worked on Ubuntu 14.04.1.


Creating a wifi-hotspot on Broadcom BCM43142 network controller in Ubuntu 14.04

There is no driver available to make BCM43142 as AP in linux.


How to run flash inside tor browser with Ubuntu 11.10

Tools -> Addons -> Plugins

Flash Player should be there, but disabled...
You have just to enable it.


The Wubi installation exists as normal files on one of your Windows partitions, so yes, if you do anything to delete the partition or erase all its contents, you will lose your Wubi install. Being ordinary files, though, you could back them up to another partition or external HD.


persist screen resolution in UBUNTU 13.04


The Tor Browser bundle and the Tor Daemon are different beasts, and there's some confusion what does what.  The fact that 'tor' isn't familiar to you means you should probably be looking into what different commands do before trying to alias things together.  (For example, tor is an actual program - using that to call the Tor Browser is not the correct approach)

Tor Browser

Tor Browser is a software bundle which comes with its own Tor daemon that is launched by the "Start Tor Browser" script.  This software bundle includes a fork of Firefox which is bundled with plugins that are specific to Tor Browser, to make it function effectively on the Tor network.

Tor Browser is only run usually with the ./start-tor-browser.desktop launcher, or the ./start-tor-browser shell script/function which executes everything that needs to run for Tor Browser to work.

This is its own software bundle, and is different than the standalone Tor daemon (which is tor).

tor aka "The Tor Daemon"

The Tor daemon can be launched and run on a system to connect it to the Tor network.  It in turn operates on a SOCKS proxy over which you can send application traffic through to send over the Tor network.  It is designed to run transparently and silently on the system, and does not execute any type of other programs - it only runs the daemon and the corresponding proxy which can be used to send data through.

It does not launch the Tor Browser as it is designed to run separately as its own daemon, and not to launch the Tor browser.


LibreOffice on Lubuntu focal: Incomplete pdf when exporting to pdf

I had the same problem (see comments below the question) and tried some things that did not work, i.e. purging the Ubuntu build of LibreOffice and downloading and installing LibreOffice (versions 6.4.3.2 and 6.3.6.2) from the LibreOffice website.

Since this did not help with the PDF export problem, I purged those versions too and reinstalled the "libreoffice" meta package from the Muon Package manager again. After that, suddenly the problem was fixed, exporting PDF documents now works.

BTW, I found a notice in the Lubuntu 20.04 release documentation:

  LibreOffice Exporting Documents as a PDF There is a bug where certain
  fonts do not render in exported PDF documents. As a workaround,
  LibreOffice applications can be launched from the commandline with the
  following environment variable SAL_VCL_QT5_USE_CAIRO=true. For
  example, to launch writer issue SAL_VCL_QT5_USE_CAIRO=true libreoffice --writer.

Since reinstalling LibreOffice fixed the problem for me, I cannot test this workaround anymore.

Related questions/answers on other sites: ask.libreoffice.org
discourse.lubuntu.me


How to add unused disk space in HDD to /home

Ensure your computer is plugged into the power
Make a System Backup (You've just been promoted to User type 4)
Boot from an Ubuntu Live-DVD or a gparted Live-CD
Start gparted and you will see something like this:

Click the right side of /dev/sda7 and drag it to the left (="shrink partition")
Move the partitions around, so there is enough space to:
Click the right side of /dev/sda5 and drag it to the right (="grow partition")
Click the green ☑
Go to sleep as this is going to take all night!


Authoring a DVD into an image file, from command line

You need specifically mpeg2 output (mpeg1 will do, if you don't mind the loss of resolution, but mpeg4 is outside the spec). You probably want PAL 720x576 25fps 16:9, with MPEG-1 or AC3 audio; or for NTSC 720x480 and 23.97fps (or whatevs). However, you can use the "dvd" target preset to make things easy, simply by running ffmpeg -i input.avi -target dvd video.mpg

To turn the mpeg file to an DVD compatible folder structure, you need a tool like dvdauthor. There are probably some frontends to it, but the first example from the book, chapter 1.2, is probably sufficient for you. Put that example into file dvdauthor.xml and your video to video.mpg and execute dvdauthor -o DVD -x dvdauthor.xml.

This will result in a directory structure under folder DVD, which you can turn in to an iso file with genisoimage -dvd-video -o my.iso -v DVD. You can then copy my.iso to some other system and burn on a disc with wodim or some other tool.

The resulting disc should be playable in standalone players, but due to DVD limitations you may run into problems with arbitrary mpeg streams. Some of the problems may be fixed with dvdauthor and others with mplex from package mjpegtools. If you want subtitles, you'll need to learn how to use spumux.


This may be an IPv6 issue, the updates will just stall, try this to see if it helps..
Something similar to this Answer

Add -o Acquire::ForceIPv4=true when running apt-get.
If you want to make the setting persistent just create /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/99force-ipv4 and put Acquire::ForceIPv4 "true"; in it.

Running sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade from the command line might give more clues to what's going on.
You could also try clearing the apt download directory with sudo apt-get clean and check you've adequate disk space.


Trouble WIth Immediate Shutdown in Ubuntu 13.10 with Cinnamon

I was having the same issue. Installing consolekit then shutting down completely and rebooting fixed it.

sudo apt-get install consolekit
sudo shutdown -h now


Any Food Service POS system for School Districts

Not really a food service, but you could try with OpenERP, it does have a POS terminal, and it can be used to run any kind of business.

http://www.openerp.com/


What does this icon in Disk Utility mean?

I raised an issue about it with the gnome-disk-utility developers, and it seems to be a theming issue in Ubuntu.
The presence of an icon probably indicates the disk is in standby, and it should likely be a sort of "ZZZ" icon, as seen in https://www.worldofgnome.org/a-preview-of-gnome-disks-3-6/ :

Based on their advice I filed a GitHub Issue for the Yaru theme, and this has been fixed in their main branch, although this doesn't seem to have propagated to 20.04 yet...


I had the same problem and managed to open it, but I still don't know what is going on. In my case, whenever I open Eclipse it does nothing, but I selected a .php file and in the Open With Other Application dialog I found Eclipse (which I tried and nothing happened). However, I also found Eclipse IDE and by selecting that, Eclipse opened normally.
Maybe this can help you and even if it doesn't perhaps someone knows what is going on for me.


Failed to open module module-equalizer-sink.so:module-equalizer-sink.so:cannot open shared object file:No such file or directory. error coming

On file level, the module-equalizer-sink.so is provided by pulseaudio-equalizer package. You have to install it on 18.04 LTS and newer with:
sudo apt-add-repository universe
sudo apt-get install pulseaudio-equalizer

For 16.04 LTS it is contained in pulseaudio package:
sudo apt-get install --reinstall pulseaudio


How do I deploy the OpenStack bundle to one machine?

You would need to modify the bundles .yaml file to include the 'to' directives, I don't have any experience with deploying the Openstack bundle specifically to a single machine however.

An example using 'to':

envExport:
  services:
    mysql:
      # The only machine id supported is machine 0
      to: 0
    wordpress:
      units: 3
    redis-server:
      units: 3
      to: [lxc:wordpress, wordpress]
    ceph:
      units: 4
      to: [wordpress, wordpress, wordpress, wordpress]
    serenade:
      to: lxc:wordpress=2

You can find more information on the deployer here: http://pythonhosted.org/juju-deployer/config.html#placement

Additional information on deploying bundles from the CLI and the GUI can be found here: https://jujucharms.com/docs/stable/charms-bundles


Ubuntu Server - awstats - virtual hosts - Do I need separate log files for each host?

Found this article from 2007!

Looks like I do need two log files:

http://www.westhost.com/blog/2007/11/09/awstats-and-multiple-domains/#.VT8JxlI8LCQ


Actually, there is something like this with zeitgeist, but the project is far from ready and, as you pointed out, it only searches your history.  It might be interesting to make an extension for the gnome shell that uses '/usr/bin/locate' in combination with a list of extensions a user might search for.  I'm not really sure how the API works...


This is how you can clean /var in Ubuntu for storage issue:

Get rid of packages that are no longer required
sudo apt-get autoremove

Uninstall unnecessary applications from your store.

Clean up APT cache in Ubuntu
sudo du -sh /var/cache/apt # see the size of cache you have
sudo apt-get clean  # to clean the cache

Clear systemd journal logs
journalctl --disk-usage # check the storage used in old logs
sudo journalctl --vacuum-time=3d # to clear logs before 3 days - number before d can be changed

Remove older versions of Snap applications. Create a file by any name and .sh extension and paste the following script
#!/bin/bash
# Removes old revisions of snaps
# CLOSE ALL SNAPS BEFORE RUNNING THIS
set -eu
LANG=C snap list --all | awk '/disabled/{print $1, $3}' |
    while read snapname revision; do
        snap remove "$snapname" --revision="$revision"
    done

and then make it executable using this command in terminal
chmod +x <fileName>

Run the script using ./<fileName>.

Clean the thumbnail cache
du -sh ~/.cache/thumbnails # check the thumbnails size
rm -rf ~/.cache/thumbnails/* # clean the thumbnails


Installing Windows 8.1 on an existing dual boot set up

Take a backup of important files from the windows 7.
Run the windows installer,then format the windows7 and install windows 8.1 on the same partition.
Atlast don't forgot to run boot-repair.


Improve initial use of `find` performance time

Challenging project
In the following sections are things that should work but don't work. In the end the only "sure-fire" way of making this work was with this bash script:
#!/bin/bash
# NAME: find-cache
# DESC: cache find command search files to RAM
# NOTE: Written for: https://askubuntu.com/questions/1027186/improve-initial-use-of-find-performance-time?noredirect=1#comment1669639_1027186

for i in {1..10}; do
    echo "========================" >> /tmp/find-cache.log
    printf "find-cache.log # $i: "  >> /tmp/find-cache.log
    date                            >> /tmp/find-cache.log
    echo "Free RAM at start:"       >> /tmp/find-cache.log
    free -h | head -n2              >> /tmp/find-cache.log
    printf "Count of all files: "   >> /tmp/find-cache.log
    SECONDS=0                       # Environment variable
    time find /* 2>/dev/null|wc -l  >> /tmp/find-cache.log
    duration=$SECONDS               # Set elapsed seconds
    echo "$(($duration / 60)) minutes and $(($duration % 60)) seconds for find." \
                                    >> /tmp/find-cache.log
    echo "Free RAM after find:"     >> /tmp/find-cache.log
    free -h | head -n2              >> /tmp/find-cache.log
    echo "Sleeping 15 seconds..."   >> /tmp/find-cache.log
    sleep 15
done

Copy above text to a script file named: find-cache. Put the script name in Startup Applications. Use the instructions in the next section but substitute the command name /usr/bin/find... with /<path-to-script>/find-cache.
Don't forget to mark the script as executable using:
chmod a+x /<path-to-script>/find-cache

<path-to-script> should be in your $PATH environment such as /usr/local/bin or preferably /home/<your-user-name>/bin. To double check use echo $PATH to reveal the environment variable.
Every time I login I usually startup conky and firefox. You probably do other things. To fine-tune settings for your system check the log file:
$ cat /tmp/find-cache.log
========================
find-cache.log # 1: Sun Apr 22 09:48:40 MDT 2018
Free RAM at start:
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           7.4G        431M        5.9G        628M        1.1G        6.1G
Count of all files: 1906881
0 minutes and 59 seconds for find.
Free RAM after find:
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           7.4G        1.1G        3.0G        599M        3.3G        5.3G
Sleeping 15 seconds...
========================
find-cache.log # 2: Sun Apr 22 09:49:54 MDT 2018
Free RAM at start:
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           7.4G        1.2G        2.9G        599M        3.3G        5.3G
Count of all files: 1903097
0 minutes and 9 seconds for find.
Free RAM after find:
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           7.4G        1.1G        3.0G        599M        3.3G        5.3G
Sleeping 15 seconds...

    (... SNIP ...)

Note: between 1st and 2nd iteration free RAM drops 3 GB but firefox is restoring 12 tabs at the same time.
What's going on? For whatever reason when find is run just once in a startup bash job, or a cron reboot bash job, the Linux Kernel thinks: "They probably don't want to keep the page cache so I'll empty it to save RAM". However when the find command is run 10 times as in this script the Linux Kernel thinks: "Whoaa they really like this stuff in the page cache, I better not clear it out".
At least that is my best guess. Regardless of the reason, this approach works as tested many times.

What should work but doesn't work
Below are two attempts at making this project work. I've left them here so others don't waste time repeating them. If you think you can fix them by all means refine them, post an answer and I'll gleefully up-vote.
Use Startup Applications
Tap and release the Windows / Super key (it has the icon:  or  or ) to bring up dash.
In the search field type startup and you'll see the Startup Applications icon appear. Click the icon. When the window opens click Add on the right. Fill in the new Startup Program fields as follows:

Fill in the name as Cache Find to RAM.
Fill in the command as sleep 30 && find /* 2>/dev/null | wc.
Add a comment such as "Initial run of Find command to cache disk to ram".
Click the Add button on the bottom.

Now reboot and check performance of find command.
Credits: Windows Key icons copied from Super User post.

Cron at reboot
You can use cron to call the find command at boot time to cache the slow disk to fast RAM. Run the command crontab -e and add the following line at the bottom:
@reboot /usr/sleep 30 && /usr/bin/find /* 2>/dev/null | wc -l

@reboot tells cron to run this command at every boot / reboot.
/usr/sleep 30 has the find command wait 30 seconds before running so the boot runs as fast as possible. Increase this to 45 or 60 depending on your boot speed, time to login and your startup applications to run.
/usr/bin/find /* 2>/dev/null | wc-l calls the find command searching all files (/*). Any error messages are hidden by 2>/dev/null. The number of files are counted using | wc -l. On my system it is about 2 million due to one Ubuntu installation and two Windows 10 installations.
After adding the line use Ctrl+O followed by Enter to save the file.
After saving the file use Ctrl+X to exit the nano editor used by cron. If you chose a different editor than nano use the appropriate commands to save and exit.

As always the acronym YMMV (Your Mileage May Vary) applies.
After reboot I did these tests to prove it does not work:
rick@alien:~$ time find / -type f \( -name "*.tar" -o -name "*.tar.*" \) 2>/dev/null | wc
     26      26    1278

real    1m10.022s
user    0m7.246s
sys     0m12.840s
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
rick@alien:~$ time find / -type f \( -name "*.tar" -o -name "*.tar.*" \) 2>/dev/null | wc
     26      26    1278

real    0m8.954s
user    0m2.476s
sys     0m3.709s


I had exactly the same issue here. Could not even switch to terminal as the screen would constantly switch between the console with the ACPI output and the (immediately crashing) graphical login screen.

Solved this issue by :

booting into recovery option from grub boot menu
in the recovery menu, choosing dpkg option and saying "no" to make any changes. This is only to make the recovery remount the root partition in read/write mode.
then choosing terminal option.

In the terminal:

I checked if nvidia-drivers are installed:

dpkg -l | grep nvidia

And to my surprise (the system is a laptop with integrated intel graphics) they were!!

So I removed the nvidia drivers with:

apt-get purge nvidia*

And rebooted the system.


Apache could not reliably determine server

Unless there is a specific reason you need it to determine it there is no real reason to try and do so. I run 3 soon to be 5 sites on my server and at every restart it still says that. It seems to only be important in very specific cases.


How to make unity terminal button open a separate terminal?

You have to click with the middle mouse button on the terminal icon in the launcher. This will open a new/second terminal.


How can I make a link that NTFS supports?

To do this you use the -n option.

ln -n /home/tim/Website/family/name/index.html /home/tim

and then copy across to the samba share.


CH340G chip drivers intalation: *** [default] Error 2

The error is because of spaces in my directory' name.

Reference: bug #712: GNU make can't handle spaces in pathnames


Error: no such partition grub rescue help

If you currently have Ubuntu running successfully you could always wipe your drive and install Windows 10 over the unallocated space. You would need to prepare before hand by making sure your Windows 10 USB/CD is formatted correctly and can be booted from.

I could be wrong, but I believe you could go into    gparted    and it's probably    /dev/sda    . Otherwise you could run    fdisk -l    to find the main location for your drive and then run    sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=1M    .

I know this would work for sure from a Live USB/CD, but I'm not 100% about doing this in the actual filesystem. Please take my answer with a grain of salt.


How to delete all files in remote directory with rclone?

Another alternative would be to use

rclone delete gdrive:

Which will delete all the files on gdrive:

It won't delete the directories though - rclone doesn't manage those properly yet (See rclone issue #100 for more info).

Anyway, if you'd like rclone purge to work on the root of drive then I suggest you make an issue.

Hope that helps!

PS I'm the author of rclone ;-)


You either left Windows hibernated or it needs chkdsk.
Partition table says sda1 is NTFS, but none of the Linux tools can mount it to see that it is a bootable partition. If it needs chkdsk or if hibernated, the NTFS driver will not mount a NTFS partition to prevent further damage.

You need a Windows repair disk and run chkdsk on sda1.

You may be able to reinstall a Windows boot loader to the MBR temporarily to boot Windows and see if you can use f8 to get into its own repair console.

But then you have to reinstall grub after fixing Windows. Grub really only boots working Windows.

How to restore the Ubuntu/XP/Vista/7 bootloader

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestoreUbuntu/XP/Vista/7Bootloader

After fixing Windows and restoring grub boot loader in Kubuntu run this to add Windows to grub menu.

sudo update-grub


Is Ubuntu 12.04 Grub version compatible with Windows 8?

Yes It works seamlessly.

The only problem I faced was that grub continued to display the OS name as Windows 7 in grub loader menu.

If you wish you may fix that using these commands:

cd /etc/grub.d/
sudo gedit 30_os-proper
search for:

    case ${LONGNAME} in
        Windows\ Vista*|Windows\ 7*|Windows\ Server\ 2008*)
        ;;
        *)

change the Value of 7 to 8 or
insert text '|Windows\ 7*|Windows\ 8*|'
run sudo update-grub
Reboot your PC to verify :)


Unable to create folder and paste in Windows from Ubuntu

The most common problem is the sudo in the mounting for the share, which is required for the mounting command.  After the mounting, the share belongs to root and you can't write to it.  You can remedy this by providing with uid=[your Ubuntu uid].  This is proving write access to you.

You also have to make sure that the user under username= and password= have write permission provided by the Windows server.

Make sure you include these parameters in your mounting options:

uid=[your Ubuntu UID #]
username=[Real user on the Windows 10 machine]

Example:

$ sudo mount -t cifs -o username="ljames",uid=1001 //192.168.15.84/c /mnt

Windows 10 have an option to login with your email address that is registered with Microsoft.  In this case (which you may already know since you're able to mount the share), but for general knowledge, this will be done by:

$ sudo mount -t cifs -o username="ljames@outlook.com",uid=1001 //192.168.15.84/c /mnt

There are many options that can be specified in the command line (or in the /etc/fstab file) such as:

file_mode=0660
dir_mode=0775

Those options goes after the -o options argument, separated by the comma.


Ubuntu Can't Move Files to Trash with correct Ownership

As per muru's request, the solution I found from http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=804083 is as follows:

  I had the same problem and enabled the trash function for ntfs and
  vfat partitions that are mounted by fstab as follows:

  1) Backup fstab.

  2) Add uid=1000,gid=1000 as options to the partition's fstab entry
  (see example below).

  3) Create a directory named .Trash-1000 in the partition's root.

  4) Restart the computer.

  Upon completion of the above, deleted files will be placed in a
  directory named files within the .Trash-1000 directory, and your
  Ubuntu desktop trash icon will show the deleted files.

  ~~~

  Example fstab entry UUID=44B5-9621 /media/store vfat
  defaults,utf8,umask=007,uid=1000,gid=1000 0 1

where instad of 1000 for gid and uid, put your usernae

Please note that this is only necessary if the place that you are trying to delete from is a FAT32 or NTFS or some other partition type other than EXT4 and the likes.


Ubuntu 17.10 won't boot after installing amdgpu-pro driver 17.50

Try failsafeX in recoverymode. Then reboot.

After that, it should take you to login screen. If you encounter a login loop. Press ctrl+alt+F3, there login using your username and password. Then run,

amdgpu-pro-uninstall

And then run

sudo reboot


Manual set parameters for POST-request over curl

Something like this: suppose

arg1=myname
arg2=

Then in order to include only non-empty parameters, code:

command="curl "
if [ "$arg1" != "" ]; then
        command="$command --data-urlencode arg1=$arg1"
fi
if [ "$arg2" != "" ]; then
        command="$command --data-urlencode arg2=$arg2"
fi

echo $command

You have one if statement for each variable.


I installed ubuntu from ISO on usb, and when it boots it only goes to grub menu

I ran into the same issue after upgrading a System76 desktop from 18.04 LTS to 20.04 LTS. It done this the day before on two laptops without having any issues. On-line suggestions included downloading and running a boot repair package and various other things, none of which worked.
What did work was NOT checking the box "install 3rd party software" in the install sequence. I eventually remembered having exactly this problem two years ago when I upgraded the same machine from 16.04 LTS to 18.04 LTS. Once the install completed and it booted on its own properly, I went in and enabled these packages in the update manager manually.
I'll mention one other thing you might try if this doesn't work: take a look at this thread: Ubuntu 20.04 black screen after installing, no booting


HDMI sound without overscan on open-source drivers?

Your monitor can only receive a limited number of HDMI resolutions, in addition, your laptop can only send a limited number of HDMI resolutions. Because your monitor and laptop are unable to find a common HDMI resolution you are getting over scan. The only solution is to add an HDMI/VGA adapter to  your set up. Audio output will still be through HDMI, however, the HDMI video output will be converted to VGA. Set your monitor to receive VGA input and you should end up with your monitors maximum native resolution, with everything fitting the way it should.


Since you are using chrome on a remote server, via SSH, you need to enable X11 forwarding on your server, where you connect to with ssh.

Add X11Forwarding yes into your /etc/ssh/sshd_config on the server, with an editor

sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

and restart the ssh service

/etc/init.d/ssh restart

then connect to it with a new (!) ssh session

ssh -X username@my-chrome-host

and try to open chrome again.

If you don't want to enter -Xevery time you connec to this host, you can also modify your client config

nano .ssh/config

add a portion for your host

Host my-chrome-host
ForwardX11 yes

or to have it always enabled you can use wild-cards

Host *
ForwardX11 yes


Ubuntu Studio 18.04 and 19.04 hanging in installation

Sadly, Ubuntu Studio does not support installation or running via Virtual Machine at this time. This is due to the power-hungry nature of the applications included, and as such, we have taken the stance not to support virtual machines.

Source: I'm the current Ubuntu Studio project leader.


How to use wildcards in systemd services?

Wildcards are not supposed to be used like that in a systemd service. change your ExecStart to:

ExecStart=/bin/sh -c '/bin/rm /home/user/test/*'

Now it should perform the action correctly.


You should be using sudo with pip install, so instead of

pip install foo

It becomes

sudo pip install foo


WSL: apt upgrade error because mongodb-org-server needs systemd

It's just a post install script to start the mongod daemon service after installation. It's quite harmless to comment that out. However, since WSL has no systemd, you'll have to start the mongod service manually at every reboot.


You need GNOME 3 to run Cheese 3.0 while Ubuntu 11.04 has GNOME 2.32. So, what to do?

Wait a few weeks until the GNOME3 PPA has been throughly tested and install GNOME3 alongside to Unity. Then, you can install Cheese 3.0.
Instructions at https://launchpad.net/~gnome3-team/+archive/gnome3

NOTE: Do not install the PPA yet. Currently the PPA is experimental, and there is no going back (removing GNOME3 to go back to Unity).


Claiming that 14.04 will enable trim by default is only 1/2 the story.

Will the default options for TRIM be automatically compatible with the LVM and encryption layers of the standard ubuntu-system encryption?

LVM is a container and is not a filesystem so this is not an issue.

Articles worth reading:
Blueprint

SSDs need to be TRIMed, i. e. they need to be told which blocks the OS
considers as "unused" (i. e. from deleted files). Withouth this, the
write speed on SSDs becomes unbearably slow over time.
http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/SSD/TRIM (German) explains the details, but this
kind of housekeeping really should happen by default. There are two
approaches to this, immediately marking the blocks as unused when
deleting a file ("discard" mount option), or calling fstrim regularly.
discard slows down deletion while a cronjob occasionally puts some
potentially unexpected IO load on the machine, so this discussion is
primarily about deciding which approach we want to do by default.
I (Martin Pitt) think that a cron approach is better. If we go with
this we need to discuss when and how to run this:

Whats a reasonable interval (weekly/monthly/etc.)
How to detect devices/partitions which need trimming (/proc/mounts, hdparm -I, not mounted with "discard", etc.)

Conclusion from that link in German:

cron job on weekly basis since discard will lead to too much of a performance hit.

Only Intel and Samsung SSDs will have TRIM enabled by default in Ubuntu 14.04 because some cheap SSDs can even brick themselves when running TRIM. The contents of /etc/cron.weekly/fstrim on 14.04 beta 2:
#!/bin/sh
# call fstrim-all to trim all mounted file systems which support it
set -e

# This only runs on Intel and Samsung SSDs by default, as some SSDs with faulty
# firmware may encounter data loss problems when running fstrim under high I/O
# load (e. g.  https://launchpad.net/bugs/1259829). You can append the
# --no-model-check option here to disable the vendor check and run fstrim on
# all SSD drives.
exec fstrim-all

This doesn't mean TRIM should only be used with Samsung and Intel SSDs, but to avoid running into issues, this is the default option for now. Note that if you already know your SSD can handle TRIM, you can bypass the vendor check by editing the /etc/cron.weekly/fstrim file above and adding the --no-model-check option to the last line:
exec fstrim-all --no-model-check

Alternatively, you can schedule TRIM manually a few other ways. How to do it manual.
Source: webupd8

BUT not all SSD's are supported. Mine is not by the way (just checked)
LSI.com has a list of compatible SSDs in this PDF.

The method to do trim is with this command:
sudo fstrim -v /

And this is also how Ubuntu does this: by creating a cronjob that does this on a weekly basis.
Executed from my own system:
rinzwind@schijfwereld:~$ sudo fstrim -v /
[sudo] password for rinzwind:
/: 93283299328 bytes were trimmed
rinzwind@schijfwereld:~$

Takes a bit of time and it does not show any progress until done.


Monitor stays black after update (18.04)

It sounds like you may have your power management set to sleep or turn hard disk off after a set time.  Dell used to have major issues with laptops resuming from sleep or hibernate, along with Toshiba laptops having similarly bad sleep/resume problems.


You are referencing the same file twice in the pipeline, tee will overwrite the file before awk gets to it. Either use a temporary file or use sponge from moreutils.

Recent versions of GNU awk, 4.1.1, have a -i inplace argument which simulates editing file in-place:


The official Firefox documentation about Java plugins has a guide that will help you solve your problem. However, it says that Java applets do not work with the 64-bit version of Firefox. So please make sure to check what version of Firefox you have.

The guide outlines the following:

Installing or updating Java from the Oracle website.
Test Java is working (alt).
Make sure Java is enabled.

Click the menu button  and choose Add-ons. The Add-ons Manager tab will open.
In the Add-ons Manager tab, select the Plugins panel.
Click on the Java plugin to select it.
If Java is disabled, click on Never Activate to open its drop-down menu and select the option to activate Java. The recommended (default) option is Ask to Activate, which lets you run Java when prompted.


system folder does not exist in /usr/lib/systemd

Ubuntu has not completed the /usr merge yet, so many configuration files, including systemd units, are actually in /lib, not /usr/lib. However, they don’t always update the manpages to account for this.

That said, if you’re writing your own unit file you should not place it in /usr/lib or /lib anyways – that directory belongs to the package manager. Your (the system administrator’s) custom configuration belongs in /etc (/etc/systemd/system/), or possibly in your home directory if it’s a user unit specific to your user.


System slowing Doooowwwwn - swap file? (18.4.2)

I would try setting your swappiness to 10 or less. This will reduce how often your system uses the swap. I've found that this significantly increases performance. (Not sure why it's not the default.)

First check the current value on your system:

$ cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness

It's most likely set to something like 60. Assuming it is, test it temporarily with:

sysctl vm.swappiness=10

Assuming that did something for you, set it permanently by editing /etc/sysctl.conf, and set the property vm.swappiness to 10.


I use 13.04 and found out that my MTP worked perfectly fine and I have a Sandisk Sansa Clip Zip+ which is one of the most temperamental and problematic brands of MP3 players on any and every OS that uses the MTP file system.


Where does UTUBE (YouTube downloader) save files?

I downloaded the 'Utube - Complete Youtube App for Linux' as follows:

sudo snap install utube

After I downloaded some Rammstein (always a good test!) as follows:

Looks like there is a cut down version of mpv available for playback from within the application itself, which doubtless you have already discovered, but a simple search found my test download of Rammstein tucked away in $HOME. The location is a somewhat labyrinthine one:

~/snap/utube/16/.local/share/org.keshavnrj.ubuntu/Utube/downloadedVideos

And as long as you have installed UTube via snap, as I have, your downloaded media files will also be in this location...


How do I make a game play in a single monitor?

Games whose window you can resize you can put into a borderless fullscreen-window via:

wmctrl -r ":ACTIVE:" -b toggle,fullscreen

I put that in a script and bind it to a keyboard button, so that I can easily fullscreen all windows that allow resize.

Many games on the other side don't allow window resize, in those cases it's more tricky. I documented some ugly workarounds at (different issue, but it's caused by the same underlying problem):

Prevent a fullscreen game from disabling the volume control keys


Change the USB mode in your phone to File Transfer. That's what worked for me.