Cairo-Dock - Can't drag launcher to stack

Just launch the application when it appears on a launcher right click on it and in drop down menu hover onto application's name and choose make it launcher.

Also from the same menu you can transfer app launchers to other docks if you have more than one.

To add files to a Stack folder go to Cairo configuration right click on cairo-dock then in search field type stack and enable the module the Stack folder will appear on your cairo-dock to drag & drop files, images etc. to Stack folder you have to drag them from desktop or folders for example for application's path /usr/share/applications and drag the icons you want to the Stack folder or /home/yourname/Pictures for images, etc.


Need software to track login and logoff timings

In Linux we have a command for that last tty7 will show you a list of the users using tty7 (where your desktop resides):

Example:

rinzwind tty7         :0           Sat May 28 05:14   still logged in
rinzwind tty7         :0           Fri May 27 18:22 - down   (04:43)
rinzwind tty7         :0           Fri May 27 17:11 - down   (00:47)
rinzwind tty7         :0           Fri May 27 05:44 - down   (01:34)
rinzwind tty7         :0           Thu May 26 17:59 - down   (03:57)
rinzwind tty7         :0           Thu May 26 08:03 - down   (00:20)
rinzwind tty7         :0           Thu May 26 07:27 - down   (00:29)
rinzwind tty7         :0           Thu May 26 06:41 - down   (00:05)
rinzwind tty7         :0           Wed May 25 17:17 - down   (06:49)
rinzwind tty7         :0           Wed May 25 11:33 - down   (00:20)
rinzwind tty7         :0           Wed May 25 10:28 - down   (00:05)

The same way you can see who used tty1 or any other ttys (to see who logged into a command line console).

If you want this information you can simply redirect the output to a file:

last tty7 >~/login.txt

and you will find a login.txt in your home directory.

So no need for fancy GUI tools. It is one of the basic instructions an administrator of a system needs to check for irregularities (like people trying to access the system that do not need to be on it).

edit.

The output shows:
username, tty (7 is the desktop), screen number(not sure), date, -, 'down', time of active session. 'down' means turning the system off and when there is a time it probably means someone else turned it off (reboot issued from tty1) or that the power was turned of without a proper shutdown. The time between () is the time the system was on.

There are more options that might be of interest to you and might also be easier to read:

last reboot

reboot system boot 2.6.38-8-generic Sat May 28 05:14 - 20:47  (15:32)
reboot system boot 2.6.38-8-generic Fri May 27 18:22 - 23:05  (04:43)
reboot system boot 2.6.38-8-generic Fri May 27 17:11 - 17:58  (00:47)
reboot system boot 2.6.38-8-generic Fri May 27 05:44 - 07:19  (01:34)
reboot system boot 2.6.38-8-generic Thu May 26 17:59 - 21:56  (03:57)
reboot system boot 2.6.38-8-generic Thu May 26 08:03 - 08:23  (00:20)

At 5:14 I started this machine and it is now 20:47 and I am currently using it for 15h and 32 minutes. Yesterday I spent 0h47 and 4h43 on my notebook.

The 1st line now shows:

reboot system boot 2.6.38-8-generic Sat May 28 05:14 - 20:54 (15:40)

last reboot >~/lastreboot.txt to put it to a text file.


is this exotic resolution Dell U2913WM display supported?

The only limit to your resolution is your hardware, so yes, your resolution will be supported as long as your GPU and monitor are capable of displaying it.


"Try Ubuntu" on Grub menu is not displayed

An option for a live CD ("Try out Ubuntu") is only provided from the Ubuntu Desktop installation CD but not from the Alternate CD.

You may want to download the image for the Desktop CD to be able to try out Ubuntu without installation.


partitions in windows and ubuntu, can't create more than 4 partitions

To have more than 4 partitions on harddisk you should create one of those 4 extended. And then in extended create logical partitions.

You can check also here, here, here


Bash command to lock the screen in Unity

Well, this is embarrassing but I found out why the password prompt is not working.
These commands need to be run as user who owns the Unity session. My script is ran as user root. The gnome-screensaver-command -l command works now, but the pm-suspend still requires root privileges. So I will need to have a work around for that.


How to stop postgres from autostarting during start up

On Ubuntu 16.04 or later (which use systemd) you'd use this command

sudo systemctl disable postgresql

If you want to re-enable, you'd do

sudo systemctl enable postgresql

On Ubuntu 15.10 and older, you can use update-rc.d:

janus@Zeus:~$ sudo update-rc.d -f postgresql remove
 Removing any system startup links for /etc/init.d/postgresql ...
   /etc/rc0.d/K21postgresql
   /etc/rc1.d/K21postgresql
   /etc/rc2.d/S19postgresql
   /etc/rc3.d/S19postgresql
   /etc/rc4.d/S19postgresql
   /etc/rc5.d/S19postgresql
   /etc/rc6.d/K21postgresql
janus@Zeus:~$


GNOME 3.4 uses gsettings for the keyboard shortcuts while Ubuntu still uses gconf for the keyboard shortcuts. Because of this, there is no easy way to enable the native shortcuts for gnome-shell.

If you really want to use them, you need to manually enable them in order for them to work.

For terminal's keyboard shortcut, search for Keyboard in the gnome-shell overview and open it.

Move to Custom Shortcuts and add a new shortcut by clicking on the + button. Add a relevant name to the shortcut. Input gnome-terminal for the command and add the keyboard shortcut you desire.

And, for the other one, you need to have dconf-tools  installed to enable the shortcut for show-desktop.

Open dconf-editor, navigate to org → gnome → desktop → wm → keybindings → show-desktop → Change the value to '<Control><Alt>D'.

If you want other options to use the native shortcuts as well, look for them in the dconf-editor in the sub options mentioned above and modify them accordingly.

References:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=11834672
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mutter/+bug/952223
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-control-center/+bug/965921


apt-get update leads to obsolete packages

I haven't seen your sources.list file, but I'm almost sure that you don't have the precise-updates and precise-security repositories activated. You should add the following two lines to your sources.list

http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main universe restricted multiverse
http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main universe restricted multiverse

Update your lists with sudo apt-get update then upgrade as usual.


Best way to secure or harden ubuntu 16.04 standalone (not a server)

Define "stand alone".

If system connects to the internet via an ISP, then what's true for a server is true for the desktop:

use a strong password,
install only the software that is needed,
keep system updated,
do not run software from sudo/root unless absolutely necessary.

Also, consider installing clamav. From cli: sudo apt-get install clamav.

If system is not connected to the internet:

Check out boot sequence interrupts in the bios, and
consider disabling "autorun" features for usb/uefi/cd/dvd devices.


Apparently I was editing the .vimrc file using Notepad which messed up the formatting somehow. Editing the .vimrc file with Vim (ironic?) and doing :set ff=unix fixed the issue.

Thank you @steeldriver for the fix


How to manage different versions of postgresql on Ubuntu

When you are getting the PostgreSQL 9.5.4 when using psql --version, try to locate the path of psql using either of these which psql or locate psql.

You should be able to see which installation of postgres is providing the output.


Reduce the delay of touchpad disable while typing

Depending on your system, you could try

  syndaemon -i 4 -d

where -i is idle-time. You can configure that.


64-bit or 32-bit for chromebook w/ 2gb RAM?

Definitely 32bit. Even the Intel Celeron N2830 CPU has the ability to run 64bit, you will not use it due to your low RAM 2GB.


Installing Ubuntu alongside an existing Windows system without creating a CD?

To install Ubuntu without a CD or DVD or USB, you need to install Ubuntu as WUBI first, then migrate it to a hard drive partition using 'migrate-wubi'. This will work like a normal installation and won't be slow like WUBI. How to do this is written on this page


what will happen If RAM set to 1000 from 1024?

"si" is used for measurement.
See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_of_Units

Currently only Mac OS X uses "si" for measurement.
(Note that "free" only shows your free memory, it does not set anything.)

Think about it this way...
When you buy something, it's 120GB. For example. That's si.
When you format it and use it on Windows/Ubuntu, you will see that it's smaller than that.
(Si is one of the reasons. There are others, like the "reserved disk space" with ext3/4 and so on. But it's a simple example.)


Issue Connecting Wirelessly in Ubuntu Server 12.04

Just in case anyone reads this,is having the same issue, and is looking for a solution. I found this, and it worked for me: BCM4313 Wireless on Ubuntu Server 12.04

I just changed everything where it says eth1 to wlan0.


How to share packages with other ubuntu systems?

I used to do this with apt-cacher.

It allowed a network of Ubuntu machines to get their updates from a local server, thus simultaneously saving external bandwidth and speeding updates/installs. In your case you'd set the software sources of the VM guests to point at the apt-cacher proxy server, possibly running on the VM host.

Haven't used it for a couple of years, though, so don't know if it still works. Good luck!


Adapter not showing up on Ubuntu (Netgear A6120)

With a working internet connection by ethernet, tethering or whatever means possible, open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libelf-dev build-essential

Then try the 'make' step again.

EDIT: The git repository you are using hasn’t been updated in two years. It is incompatible with kernel version 4.15 and newer.

Now let’s install a better driver. Please download this file: https://github.com/kaduke/Netgear-A6210/archive/port-to-4.15.zip

Right-click it and select ‘Extract here.’ Now back to the terminal:

cd ~/Downloads/Netgear-A6210-port-to-4.15
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe mt7662u_sta

Your wireless should now be working.

Please tell me how it proceeds; I will probably have one final step.


Monitor not detected - low resolution only

I had a different Samsung Syncmaster monitor, and it was unable to correctly communicate its native resolution to the OS. The solution is to write a /etc/X11/xorg.conf that specifies the desired screen resolution. Mine looks like this when using the nvidia binary driver:

# Need a xorg.conf because the native resolution of the SyncMaster 920N
# monitor is misdetected. Plus I'm using the binary nVidia driver.

Section "Monitor"
        Identifier      "SyncMaster920N"
        Modeline        "1280x1024@60" 109.00 1280 1368 1496 1712 1024 1027 1034 1063 -hsync +vsync
EndSection

Section "Screen"
        Identifier      "Default Screen"
        Device          "GeForce9600GT"
        Monitor         "SyncMaster920N"
        DefaultDepth    24
        SubSection "Display"
                Depth           24
                Modes           "1280x1024@60"
        EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "Module"
        Load    "glx"
EndSection

Section "Device"
        Identifier      "GeForce9600GT"
        Driver          "nvidia"
        Option          "NoLogo"        "True"
        Option          "ModeValidation" "NoDFPNativeResolutionCheck, NoMaxPClkCheck, NoHorizSyncCheck, NoVertRefreshCheck"
EndSection

The numbers in the Modeline line (from 109.00 onwards) should be replaced with the "Modeline" numbers that you obtain from running:

cvt <x-resolution> <y-resolution>

replacing <x-resolution> and <y-resolution> with the desired values. The two occurrences of "1280x1024@60" in the file can be changed to anything you'd like, so long as both of them are the same.

For the nouveau driver, remove the Option lines in Section "Device", and change the value of Driver to "nouveau". Note that the safest way of switching between nouveau/nvidia is to [un]install nvidia-current in addition to modifying xorg.conf.


How to install AMD C-60 tweaking script for Linux

Download undervolt from here.
Extract the contents of undervolt-0.4.tgz with Archive Manager or change directories using cd to the directory containing undervolt-0.4.tgz and run the following command.

tar xzf undervolt-0.4.tgz

Open the terminal and change directories using cd to the undervolt-0.4 directory.
Run the following commands to make undervolt:

sudo apt install make
make

Copy the file named undervolt into a bin or sbin directory.

sudo cp undervolt /usr/local/sbin

Information about undervolt usage is in the README.fr file.
Download c60-tweak-master.zip from here and extract the contents of c60-tweak-master.zip. Change directories using cd to the directory containing c60-tweak-master.zip and run the following commands.

sudo apt install unzip
unzip c60-tweak-master.zip

Change directories using cd to the c60-tweak-master directory.
Execute the script in a terminal with sudo ./c60-tweak.sh and follow the on-screen instructions.


Ubuntu UI unresponsive but can ssh in, how do I log out the remote over ssh?

I think you need to specify the value of the DISPLAY variable before the command - you will also need to specify options --logout --no-prompt else it will prompt for confirmation on the local display

DISPLAY=:0 gnome-session-quit --logout --no-prompt

If that fails, provided you have administrator privileges you could always just restart the display manager e.g. sudo service lightdm restart (although that will terminate ALL its managed sessions).

Obviously you should verify that the display number really is :0 if you have not already done so


How to revert 8188eu driver update from git?

Thank you for your help. All i needed to do was
cd rtl8188eu
sudo make uninstall


Stream and Control Music from Ubuntu to Android

There are three options that come to my mind you have for doing so:

Install and run an Icecast2 radio server streaming your soundcard as radio stream to your (local) network. Connect your Android device with an Internet Radio app (e.g. XiiaLive) that can receive a custom IP (which then is your radio stream).
Set up a DLNA server on Ubuntu which serves the laptop's soundcard (it does not work for me, but people say they succeeded). Run a DLNA client app on the Android device (e.g. Bubble UPnP).
Don't use Rhythmbox but vlc  music player on both ends which claim to be able to connect via a network stream.

Option 1. is tested to work with my setup (but the free version of XiiaLive caused quite some delay from over-buffering, there may be better apps around).


I cannot access a samba shared private folder located on my ubuntu 18.04 server

The problem on the server was with the incorrect Time Zone!! I could access all the shared folders after changing to correct TIME ZONE on the server!
I hope this will help someone like me next time.
Thanks.


This question would be best answered by someone from Canonical but till then ...

Canonical's focus seems to be on "convergence": having as close to the same experience across form factors. This is a technically challenging task.

You can read more here:

Canonical says smartphone focus makes Ubuntu 13.04 more efficient
Can a single OS work for all the devices in your life?

This is not to say that it isn't possible to offer several official flavors across devices but I wouldn't bet on it.


Okay, so after trying a few various combinations I found one that worked. I'll include a screenshot of my config as well as a copy of the profile for reference.

[ipv6]
method=auto

[connection]
id=UConnect
uuid=0a6b22c4-e9ae-430b-98b1-5601d69ae714
type=802-11-wireless

[802-11-wireless]
ssid=UConnect
mode=infrastructure
mac-address=6C:71:D9:72:DA:0D
security=802-11-wireless-security

[802-1x]
eap=peap;
identity=[redacted]@utah.edu
ca-cert=/usr/local/share/ca-certificates/uconnect/rootca_1172_5268_1.cer
phase2-auth=mschapv2
password-flags=1
system-ca-certs=true

[ipv4]
method=auto

[802-11-wireless-security]
key-mgmt=wpa-eap
auth-alg=open


Is there a way to run a script every time I connect to a specifc wireless network?

You can use upstart for this. Upstart is able to catch the event of connecting to a wireless network (or a network in general) and use that as the prerequisite for running your script.

Upstart is already used by lots of scripts in Ubuntu and will eventually replace all the System V init scripts at bootup time.


Cannot update system - Error during signature verification

It seems to be a bug. There is solution described which rebuilds the cache, see
"Invalid signature for extras.ubuntu.com" and this worked for me.


In my case, I imaged an Ubuntu machine and laid the image on several others.  I started having them come up with interfaces that weren't named eth0 and wlan0 but rather eth1 and wlan1.

Here's what happened: There is a file that ties the MAC address of each adapter to the name of each adapter (eth{n} wlan{n} etc.).  If you boot up and the OS sees that eth0 is tied to some other MAC address (in my case, from the master machine) it will create a new interface called eth1 and things start breaking inside /etc/network/interfaces.

Solution:  Delete the file /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules  and reboot (sorry, OP).  The file will be recreated at boot with the proper settings for this machine.

For those who experience this in the context of imaging like I did, think of deleting this file as sysprep.  You'll want to delete that and then capture your image before next boot of the OS.

I can't be sure that my situation is the same as yours, but if it sounds like this makes sense, it shouldn't hurt to try it.  Good luck


Why do i get wrong filesystem error on mounting external drive whilst correct ntfs-utils is installed?

Indeed, it was a matter of corrupt stick. I had a few memory sticks/sd cards after each other which gave me the same error which made me think that it was a settings fault, but it turned out to be the sticks themselves. Problem solved


I decided to rewrite this based on your new requirement. The following will work on any vintage of Ubuntu Server, any vintage of Xubuntu, and Ubuntu Desktop 20.04. It will not work on Ubuntu Desktop 18.04 because the default umask is not 0002 and there doesn't seem to be any way to fix it.
If you are not running any of the above we can do something else.
This is an example:
[1] Create a folder to be shared:
sudo mkdir -p /srv/Kurier

[2] Change ownership to have group = plugdev:
sudo chown :plugdev /srv/Kurier

[3] Change permissions such that any new file added locally will "inherit" the group plugdev:
sudo chmod 2775 /srv/Kurier

[4] Create a samba share definition in /etc/samba/smb.conf:
[Kurier]
path = /srv/Kurier
read only = no
guest ok = yes
force group = plugdev
create mode = 0664
force directory mode = 2775

[5] Save the file then restart smbd:
sudo service smbd restart

[6] All local users must be added to the plugdev group to gain read / write access:
sudo gpasswd -a username plugdev

Any file added from the samba client will save with group = plugdev and permissions of 664. Any file added by a member of the pludev group locally will save with group = plugdev and permissions pf 664
Note: I used the group "plugdev" because it is already available and you as the first user are a member of it.
Also: If you created another share with the name Kurier it should be removed.


WoeUSB Installation failed! Exit Code 256. Trying to install Windows 10 on USB from a laptop running 14.04

I had the same problem as yours.
The following link is a buttery smooth flow to fix this issue.
https://medium.com/@codechangetheworld/build-a-bootable-windows-10-usb-in-linux-501f92e346a5

With this flow, I was able to build UEFI bootable windows 10, 1803 Apr 2018 image(~4.3GB) in Ubuntu 16.xx environment.  Hope this works for you too...


Just use the sudo word in front of the command in the bash script. And when you execute the file, select "Open in terminal", you will be asked for password.
For example, if you are using apt-get commands , you can use like this
#!/bin/sh
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
.....
.....

If need to make this executable and when you double click there will be a prompt like this

You need to click on Open in terminal button and provide password in the terminal
Update
As Karthick T commented, you can also use the gksu or gksudo word before the command. So, the file could be
gksu apt-get update
gksudo apt-get install <some-package>

Double clicking the script will ask the password and run the command after you provided it.


How to set a single shortcut to switch an Internet connection on and off

This should do it.

if [[ -z $(nmcli c status id MyConnection | grep -E 'STATE\:\s+activated') ]]; then nmcli c up id MyConnection; else nmcli c down id MyConnection; fi

If you're going to use it from a non-bash environment, you're going to need to wrap the command in bash like so:

bash -c 'if [[ -z $(nmcli c status id MyConnection | grep -E 'STATE\:\s+activated') ]]; then nmcli c up id MyConnection; else nmcli c down id MyConnection; fi'


Re-enabling secure boot after Ubuntu install and disk erase

To answer your exact question, yes, it's safe to re-enable secure boot.

  All current Ubuntu 64bit (not 32bit) versions now support this
  feature.
  Sources:
  Ubuntu Secure Boot
  How UEFI Secure Boot works on Ubuntu

As for the slow booting, I doubt secure boot is affecting this. How long does it take to boot? Windows 10 uses a hibernation method called "fast startup" to rapidly load your system from a saved image, though it's not a true "from zero" boot. Maybe you're comparing Ubuntu's load time to this, and it just seems slow by contrast. Anywhere in the 1 minute ballpark shouldn't be worrisome.


self created .deb package has versioning problems

Ok, got it. The deb package build gets its version number not from the version field in the control file, but from the changelog entry.


The following packages have unmet dependencies: libpulse-dev

Ok, so the suffix was the culprit, the +kxstudio1 to be specific.

karl@karl-ux303ln:~/dev/RBDOOM-3-BFG/neo(master)$ apt-cache policy libpulse0
libpulse0:
  Installed: 1:4.0-0ubuntu11.1+kxstudio1
  Candidate: 1:4.0-0ubuntu11.1+kxstudio1
  Version table:
 *** 1:4.0-0ubuntu11.1+kxstudio1 0
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     1:4.0-0ubuntu11.1 0
        500 http://se.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
     1:4.0-0ubuntu11 0
        500 http://se.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages

Install the one listed under trusty:

sudo apt-get install libpulse0=1:4.0-0ubuntu11.1

Do the same with libpulse-mainloop-glib0.

Now it works to install the other packages! :D

I'm using KXStudio, when installing it must have changed the packages with custom packages.


How do I Remove/Customize Unity Keyboard Shortcuts?

You need to remove existing lense keyboard binding.

To do so, open a nautilus with with root by executing gksu nautilus
Navigate to /usr/share/unity/lenses, Now goto appropriate lenses directory .
Inside the folder, there will be a Shortcut field, remove or edit as you want.

Source

To assign new command for these shortcut, you need to install compizconfig-settings-manager  and use Commands section at top.

More config info - How can I configure Unity?


Caught in loop and need to save files using command line to external harddrive

From a command line prompt use the copy command. You need the path to your USB device.

Syntax

cp source destination
cp dir1 dir2
cp -option  source destination
cp -option1 -option2  source destination

From your question, you want

cp -r /home/username/Documents /usb_backup_destination
cp -r /home/username/Downloads /usb_backup_destination

and, so on for each directory you wish to copy.

If you need to find the path to your USB backup device, run

sudo blkid

The output for your device will be listed after all the HDD's an usually starts with sdb

/dev/sdb1: UUID="36C9-BC77" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="e10284e8-01"

with one line for each partition. The UUID, without quotes, will be needed to identify the target destination for your copy command. Your destination usually mounts as:

/media/<your_username/<your_sbd>

So, your copy command should look like this.

cp -r ~/Downloads /media/<your_username>/device_UUID


The inverse of sudo mount -t tmpfs tmpfs /media/ramdisk is sudo umount /media/ramdisk.

The last command will only succeed if no application is using /media/ramdisk though. You can use sudo lsof -n /media/ramdisk to find out which programs are blocking the mount point.


There is no reason why your EliteBook with a quad core CPU and 16GB RAM should be lagging with these hardware specifications, so it seems likely that the lagging is caused by a botched release upgrade. I recommend a fresh install of Ubuntu 20.04 on your laptop. In case you haven't installed Ubuntu lately, don't make the mistake of creating an unnecessary swap partition as the Ubuntu installer did in 14.04 and 16.10. Let the Ubuntu 20.04 installer create a swap file in the / partition for you as it does by default.
Extended Security Maintenance (ESM) is a more logical way of scheduling the next release upgrade than recklessly skipping over releases when upgrading. With Canonical's free ESM Ubuntu 20.04 would be supported until April, 2030.


How to install Autodesk Maya 2011 in Ubuntu 12.04?

Maybe you should try this :

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/Autodesk/Adlm/R5/lib64/


iPhone connection: is it possible to change some settings?

This is controlled in Gnome Desktop via gio, so there are two potential ways of going about this:

Change the auto-mount settings via dconf-editor
Use /etc/fstab to prevent mounting of storage devices
Set a script to auto-unmount the iPhone when you sign in & connect the device

The problem with the first option is that changing the auto-mount settings is global rather than per device, so setting this to false means that inserting a USB device will mean opening a terminal and manually mounting the device to the computer. This was fun in the 90s, but one quickly tires of remembering which USB stick or external hard drive has which file system.
The problem with the second option is that it generally doesn't work if you're using Gnome, as the devices will continue to load regardless of what noauto demands.
The problem with the third option is that it's really hit-and-miss because Gnome Desktop will know the phone is attached and keep trying to mount the device via gio.
That said, you're free to pick your poison. I've tried each of these options on my Lenovo ThinkPad with limited success ... mainly because Gnome wants to play hardball.
Option 1: Changing the Auto-Mount Settings
If you don't already have dconf-editor, you'll need to install it:
sudo apt install dconf-editor

From there you can type dconf-editor into the terminal and be presented with a rudimentary GUI to navigate Gnome's myriad of settings. Go to / org / gnome / desktop / media-handling / and you'll see right at the top "automount". You can toggle this off.

Alternatively, you can also toggle off the option to open Nautilus when a storage device is plugged in, which may reduce the friction you feel when tethering on your phone.

Note: This is a global setting, so every device will be affected if you choose to disable auto-mounting.

Option 2: Update /etc/fstab to not mount the phone
For this to work, you'll need to know the UUID of your phone. Fortunately this isn't too difficult to work out. Run this from a terminal:
lsusb -v 2> /dev/null | grep -e "Apple Inc" -A 2

For my iPhone 6s, this is what I see as the output:
  iManufacturer           1 Apple Inc.
  iProduct                2 iPhone
  iSerial                 3 3575bbd12605efd9f1f97521683d82f34e9ac141

The UUID is the iSerial value.
This can be added to /etc/fstab like this:
UUID=3575bbd12605efd9f1f97521683d82f34e9ac141    /mnt/iPhone fuse   noauto    0   0

The UUID value is the same as iSerial, the /mnt/iPhone mount point is a non-real location outside of /media for various reasons. fuse refers to the file system, which is actually APFS and read through Fuse. noauto says "Do not auto-mount this device".
All in all, this line in /etc/fstab prevents the photos from being visible in Nautilus if I sign in while the phone is connected to the USB port, and little else. Connecting the phone after the device has fully booted will result in the phone appearing in the Nautilus file manager.
Option 3: Auto-Unmount the Phone Storage
This option is a bit more involved. First you will need to identify where the phone mounts. This can be done via gio:
gio mount --list

This will give you something like:
Drive(0): SAMSUNG MZVLW512HMJP-000L7
  Type: GProxyDrive (GProxyVolumeMonitorUDisks2)
Volume(0): matigo@cloud.10centuries.org
  Type: GProxyVolume (GProxyVolumeMonitorGoa)
Volume(1): iPhone
  Type: GProxyVolume (GProxyVolumeMonitorGPhoto2)
  Mount(0): iPhone -> gphoto2://Apple_Inc._iPhone_3575bbd12605efd9f1f97521683d82f34e9ac141/
    Type: GProxyShadowMount (GProxyVolumeMonitorGPhoto2)
Volume(2): Documents on iPhone
  Type: GProxyVolume (GProxyVolumeMonitorAfc)
  Mount(0): Documents on iPhone -> afc://3575bbd12605efd9f1f97521683d82f34e9ac141:3/
    Type: GProxyShadowMount (GProxyVolumeMonitorAfc)
Mount(2): iPhone -> gphoto2://Apple_Inc._iPhone_3575bbd12605efd9f1f97521683d82f34e9ac141/
  Type: GDaemonMount
Mount(3): Documents on iPhone -> afc://3575bbd12605efd9f1f97521683d82f34e9ac141:3/
  Type: GDaemonMount

Note that gio does not require sudo in front of it. Using sudo will result in a very different list of devices.
With this, we can see there are two mounts:

Documents: afc://3575bbd12605efd9f1f97521683d82f34e9ac141:3/
Photos: gphoto2://Apple_Inc._iPhone_3575bbd12605efd9f1f97521683d82f34e9ac141/

With this information, we can manually unmount the devices via a shell script that runs as we sign in.
Create a file with the following contents:
#!/bin/bash

gio mount -ue "afc://3575bbd12605efd9f1f97521683d82f34e9ac141:3/"
gio mount -ue "gphoto2://Apple_Inc._iPhone_3575bbd12605efd9f1f97521683d82f34e9ac141/"

Be sure to replace the mount points with the values that you received from gio mount --list.
This script will unmount the two locations. -u means "unmount" while -e means "eject". We can combine these as -ue.
The script can be made executable with a cmmod +x {name of file} and it can be added to systemd to run when you sign in, or even as a USB device is plugged in.
Running the Script when the iPhone is Plugged In:
First we'll need to know the manufacturer ID and device ID of the phone. We can do this with lsusb, which will return something like this:
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 005: ID 138a:0097 Validity Sensors, Inc.
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 04f2:b5ce Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd Integrated Camera
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 04f2:b5cf Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd Integrated IR Camera
Bus 001 Device 018: ID 05ac:12a8 Apple, Inc. iPhone5/5C/5S/6
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

My iPhone 6s seems to register as a 6, but that's fine. Apple's manufacturer ID is
05ac and the phone's ID is 12a8. With this we can make a udev rule.
Create a file named something like 99-unmount-iphone.rules in /etc/udev/rules.d/ and add the following line, changing some IDs for the values you received from lsusb:
ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="{Apple's ID}", ATTRS{idProduct}=="{Phone's ID}", RUN+="/home/{your user}/unmount-iphone.sh"

The unmount-iphone.sh file is the one you made earlier that unmounts and ejects the phone's storage devices. Be sure to change the location to where the file actually exists.
Once this is done, reload udev like this:
sudo udevadm control --reload-rules

Now, when you plug the phone in, the shell script that auto-unmounts the phone will be called.
However ... this is not 100% fool proof. As mentioned earlier, Gnome seems to keep trying to mount the phone's storage devices. In my case, I can see the device(s) were ejected, but they still appear in Nautilus so long as the phone is connected to the computer:

There are no issues — from what I can tell — if you run all of these methods at the same time. My Lenovo Carbon is just as stable today as ever. The phone does continue to share it's network connection just fine as well, as that feature is controlled via a separate process.
So, while this is not a 100% fool-proof answer to your question, this may get you most of the way towards your goal of keeping the storage devices from your phone off the computer to reduce friction.


Where's the Device Manager in Ubuntu 15.10?

It appears that this is an abandoned package, last available in Ubuntu 11.04

You can try hardinfo which offers much the same information:  sudo apt-get install hardinfo


Terminal only shows > symbol when I enter this find command

You just forgot to close the quoted string with a " after ".ppm.

The > you see is Bash's secondary prompt, as defined by the $PS2 environment variable. You get it when you input a command fragment that is supposed to continue (like e.g. because it has an unclosed quoted string or a missing done or fi keyword...) but press Enter to make a line break.

Another thing is that -iname ".png" would only (case insensitively) match files with the exact name ".png". What you want is to match all files ending with ".png", so the condition must be -iname "*.png" instead. Same for ".ppm" of course.

So the correct find command would be:

find . -type f \( -iname "*.png" -o -iname "*.ppm" \) -exec rm {} \;

However, I'd usually recommend dry-running it without the -exec rm {} \; first and check the list of files again for correctness, before actually letting it delete stuff without further confirmation.

Also, as correctly pointed out in the comments, you can and probably should replace -exec rm {} \; with -delete to let find handle the deletion internally.


Same here, and solved with jupiter. It seems there's nothing you can do with that, so the best is keep them low via software when you don't need much power.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/jupiter
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install jupiter


Automatically close the Archive Manager after extracting a file

If you right click on the archive in the directory where you want to extract and click extract here, you won't have to click anything.


If you're using the install resources on the ISO and not the OpenStack Autopilot, then there are no licensing restrictions at all and you can provision and install on as many servers as you want.

If you want to use the Autopilot and/or manage those machines with Landscape post-install, you'll need to purchase additional seats to cover your needs. Hope that helps.


How to see the amount of free disk space in files browser with 13.04 (Raring Ringtail)

You need to switch file browsers or submit a bug to have the feature re-added. The maintainers of that project decided to remove it for some (IMO) nonsense reason that I will likely never be convinced of.

Ranting aside your only options are to find a fork where someone put it back, like nemo, use a different file manager (there are several), or complain a lot in bug reports and mailing lists till the maintainers put it back or allow you to put it back (it is opensource after all).


Browsers can't access 127.0.0.1 but works from terminal

As @Jos pointed out in a comment, the problem was using the Zotero Chrome plugin "Zotero Connector" without the Zotero desktop app. Installing the Zotero desktop app resolved the problem.


How to optimize an under-powered laptop for video

You should use Lubuntu but also install the latest open source Gallium drivers.

Here's a link about installing the latest drivers and making sure you get the latest updates.

How do I install Gallium3d Drivers in Ubuntu 12.10?

You could also try installing the latest mainline kernel from ubuntu for 13.10 :

http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.12-saucy/

Here's a link on how to install it.

http://news.softpedia.com/news/How-to-Install-Linux-Kerrnel-3-12-in-Ubuntu-13-10-397013.shtml

These may leverage some extra performance out of your system, but the problem you have is lack of memory and processor power.


installing privateinternetaccess on ubuntu 14.04 LTS

If you are using their service with a Desktop it's rather easy.
They have an install_ubuntu.sh script for 12 LTS that works with 14 LTS.

Simply download to your computer
then navigate to the script you downloaded in the terminal (CtrlAltT):

cd /home/YOUR_USERNAME/Downloads/

then run the script

./install_ubuntu.sh

You will have to type in your user name provided from private internet access.com

And it should set up the service.

All you do to activate is click on the top right icon for your internet connection (could be 2 arrows for Ethernet connections or WiFi bars for WiFi connection) then hover over VPN,

Select the VPN server you'd like to tunnel to, then all should be functioning.

Sorry for the quick response, Let me know if you need more help.


I install Ubuntu 14.04 mouse, keyboard and LAN are working only in low latency mode

Low latency is actually a good thing. It's a measurement of response time and the lower the value the faster it is.


rcu_sched detected stalls on CPUs/tasks Ubuntu 16.10 server hanging after sometime on

We were having a similar case of the machine freezing within between 10minutes to 6 hours of running time. We were using Linux Mint 18.2 and Ubuntu 16.04 on two different brand new machines with AMD FX(tm)-8350 Eight-Core Processors.

This appeared to be independent of processor load. It could not be causes by stress. It could occur at low core temperature.
Note that our syslog showed the virtually identical error message repeating in 3min intervals.

Oct 19 14:00:41 blanked_out_usr-desktop kernel: [21450.705896] INFO: rcu_sched detected stalls on CPUs/tasks:
Oct 19 14:00:41 blanked_out_usr-desktop kernel: [21450.705909]  7-...: (3 GPs behind) idle=5df/1/0 softirq=362596/362596 fqs=5806
Oct 19 14:00:41 blanked_out_usr-desktop kernel: [21450.705913]  (detected by 4, t=15002 jiffies, g=556997, c=556996, q=1370)
Oct 19 14:00:41 blanked_out_usr-desktop kernel: [21450.705919] Task dump for CPU 7:
Oct 19 14:00:41 blanked_out_usr-desktop kernel: [21450.705921] swapper/7       R  running task        0     0      1 0x00000008
Oct 19 14:00:41 blanked_out_usr-desktop kernel: [21450.705928]  0000000000000010 0000000000000246 ffff8be1cd6d3e70 0000000000000018
Oct 19 14:00:41 blanked_out_usr-desktop kernel: [21450.705933]  7735940000000000 000013745a87802e 0000000000000007 ffff8be1cd6d4000
Oct 19 14:00:41 blanked_out_usr-desktop kernel: [21450.705937]  ffff8be1ccffd600 ffffffff826bc300 ffff8be1cd6d0000 ffff8be1cd6d3eb8
Oct 19 14:00:41 blanked_out_usr-desktop kernel: [21450.705942] Call Trace:
Oct 19 14:00:41 blanked_out_usr-desktop kernel: [21450.705954]  [<ffffffff81f19527>] ? cpuidle_enter+0x17/0x20
Oct 19 14:00:41 blanked_out_usr-desktop kernel: [21450.705959]  [<ffffffff818c7a0a>] ? call_cpuidle+0x2a/0x50
Oct 19 14:00:41 blanked_out_usr-desktop kernel: [21450.705963]  [<ffffffff818c7dee>] ? cpu_startup_entry+0x29e/0x350
Oct 19 14:00:41 blanked_out_usr-desktop kernel: [21450.705967]  [<ffffffff818518b1>] ? start_secondary+0x151/0x190

After we started using the proprietary AMD processor microcode firmware (amd64-microcode / Version 2.20160316.1), both machines were running at first without apparent stalling. Yet, only after kernel update (to 4.10 on the Mint machine and 4.13 on the Ubuntu machine), the machines did not exhibit stalling anymore. This was evaluated over a period of ~48h.


Ubuntu 14.04 won't boot after a fresh install despite everything that I try

Could you boot to the live system after the first unsuccessful boot after the installation and run the following commands in a terminal:

sudo -s
mount /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root /mnt
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/boot
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot/efi
for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do mount -B $i /mnt$i; done
chroot /mnt
grub-install /dev/sda
update-grub

These instructions are mostly taken from https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Installing#via_ChRoot

  This method of installation uses the chroot command to gain access to the broken system's files. Once the chroot command is issued, the LiveCD treats the broken system's / as its own. Commands run in a chroot environment will affect the broken systems filesystems and not those of the LiveCD.


In order to turn compiz on, run in a terminal:

compiz --replace

After that, if you wish to change the application switcher animations, perform a search of "application" under System/Preferences/CompizConfig Settings Manager and you will have the options to do what you wish.

You may also be interested into the "Scale" function, which is activated by enabling the "scale" check box in the menu and fully configurable. When enabled, press Super + W, it shows all windows from the current workspace.


Asus rampage II - NB Overheated. Should I worry about it?

This question is off-topic since it is a mobo matter and nothing to do with Ubuntu.

However, your whole box is running very hot and especially your NB CPU chipset.

I'd be looking at general cooling issues such as good airflow, cleaning filters and how hot the environment around the computer is.

The CPU fan is running rather slow which indicates it may be a cheap, inefficient fan and probably not PWM.

If you plan on using this computer as a "daily driver", you should clean it up as noted above.  And invest in a decent CPU fan and heatsink.  A PWM, liquid cooled setup will bring those temps way down.  A chipset heatsink will certainly help a lot.  Or even adding more/better case fans.

Also, if you are overclocking, turn that off.  Your cooling setup clearly isn't up to supporting that.


Harddrive on USB-to-SATA adapter not showing full size

A possible solution to the problem would be to directly attach the larger 4TB drive to the computer SATA port and the smaller drive on the usb adapter.

Most new Linux Systems could run directly off the USB, as long as the BIOS would be forced to boot off USB (although a bit slowly).

An indirect solution could follow from here or here. It seems other people are having similar problems due to this specific JMicron adapter, whose quirks were fixed but then re-appeared. Maybe try running a different kernel where the bug hadn't re-occurred.


cannot connect to wifi on ubuntu 14.04.3

You can install the Broadcom 4312 driver through the terminal with these commands :

sudo apt-get update

then

sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

Once installed just reboot and then it should be working.

If that doesn't work you can try this:

Search Additional Drivers and once there you have to click on Broadcom STA wireless driver and enable it.

Restart and see if that works for you.

The last thing i would recommend to you is reinstall Ubuntu and when it asks if you want to install the 3rd party software (restricted extras) then make sure that it is ticked. Once Ubuntu finishes installing your wifi should be working on first boot.

You might need to install an additional driver once you are connected to the wifi because the restricted extras driver might be unstable but it should work enough for you to install the other driver.

Check my post here for additional help.


Ubuntu 14.0.4 apt-get update fails for any installs and upgrades in trusty

You're looking specifically for the Oracle 7 java?  If so, you may have better luck with the answer given by @user283885.  Webupd8 also has an Oracle 8 java installer at this link.

If however, you just want easy to maintain, java runtimes, you should consider removing the PPS from software sources, and using the Ubuntu Software Center to load OpenJDK, either in version 6 or version 7


Is there a Unity launcher progress bar for Transmission?

This can be useful for you: http://www.webupd8.org/2011/09/integrate-transmission-with-unity.html


I ended up rebuilding the source package, using the instructions given in the question How do I rebuild a package to include debugging information?

As a bonus, I get debugging information :-)

Then I can modify the Mono source that has been downloaded in step 3, and re-run from step 3 to have my modified Mono.


What is the rationale of the tiny floatable scrolling bar in 12.04?

The design decision for introducing overlay scrollbars is described in detail in this link: http://design.canonical.com/2011/03/introducing-overlay-scrollbars-in-unity/

Essentially the decision to use them is based on the belief that having ever present scrollbars is becoming obsolete in modern set-ups, as most scrolling actions are now performed by using gestures on touchpads, scroll wheels on mice and using touch screens, rather than clicking up and down arrows or dragging a scrollbar. Removing scrollbars will provide a small increase in available screen "real estate".

If you wish to remove the overlay scrollbars this is covered in the following question: How do I disable overlay scrollbars?


This should do the trick..

sudo update-rc.d ssh defaults

EDIT:
If your network is configured with Network Manager then the connection will not be established until a user logs in through the GUI. For manually configuring you have to edit the /etc/network/interfaces file, have a look at this guide and if you use wireless you can have a look here


HP pavilion x360 "11 Realtek RTL8723BE weak wifi signal

Quite often, the weak signal is a symptom of the antenna wire being connected to connection #1 on the card when the default driver is expecting to see the signal at connection #2. Of course, you could open the laptop and switch the wire or you could add a driver parameter that permits antenna selection at the driver level.

sudo -i
echo "options rtl8723be ant_sel=2"  >  /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf
exit

Reboot.

If this is ineffective, repeat the process with ant_sel=1. Reboot.


Upgrade from 12.04 to 14.04 from a terminal

The (discussable) best way to do it is to switch to a TTY (Ctrl+Alt+F1) and login.

No enter sudo do-release-upgrade. Remember to disable all PPA's before trying to upgrade, else the upgrade may fail and your system may become unusable.

Have a backup before. The upgrade can always fail and leave you with a broken system.


How about from PPA? Much easier to install/update I think:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/sublime-text-2
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install sublime-text


Indexers - Which are in use by which projects? Nepomuk, Zeitgeist, Tracker?

First of all, to clarify, Zeitgeist is not an indexer, in the same sense that the systems provided by Nepomuk and Tracker are. Zeitgeist is for logging activity, while Nepomuk/Tracker are for indexing content. The latter are for finding things, and Zeitgeist is for finding when those things were accessed/used.

Nepomuk is the KDE indexing infrastructure. Tracker is the GNOME one. Unity uses Zeitgeist for some stuff, but doesn't actually have a specific indexing service it uses. The Unity dash interacts with scopes, and you could have a scope that searched in Tracker, Nepomuk, Google, or anywhere else.


Upgrade to 17.10 breaks phpmyadmin configuration

Deleting the cached files in your web browser will fix the problem.


How to Install Ubuntu in windows 7 Partition?

A simple way is run ubuntu via live-DVD

but, if you want to install it first, just follow these simple steps

from the dvd, run wubi.exe

And select the 2nd option ( in my language "Install dalam windows"/ or "Install in windows" ), and then

  Select, which drive do you wan to install ubuntu
  Select the size of installation ( it must be more than 8 GB )
  Select Desktop Environment
  Select language
  Fill out the User name and Password and then click Install (or "pasang" in my language)

When you want to remove it, just boot up your windows -go to the drive (where the ubuntu installed) and go to "Ubuntu" folder and then Run Uninstall-wubi.exe


I think you may have a system with a buggy or out of spec ACPI firmware. Ideally you should be able to disable ACPI in the BIOS as shown below:

Another option would be to use the acpi=off kernel parameter. You can test this by editing the vmlinuz line at boot and adding the acpi=off parameter. to make it permanent, edit /etc/default/grub with your favorite text editor; find the line:

 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

and add the acpi=off parameter to the space separated list of parameters between the quotes.


Issues while installing Ubuntu 14.04 on HP laptop nx 5000

I faced exactly same issue. Then I realised that the way I did instllation was wrong. Do it in these steps.

Download iso image file (Do not unzip it or run WUBI.exe)
Prepare a Bootable USB drive (Need Min 3 GB free space)
Download a utility called Universal-USB-Installer-1.9.5.2
Run this Utility from your windows environment
It will ask for a iso file source, point to that
It will also ask for a USB, point to that and it will create the bootable usb for u
Now restart ur machine, Go to ROM based set up(F10 or F12)
Choose Boot from USB as first priority
That will give u option. Ubuntu will load either to be tried or installed. First try and the install..

I am sharing this URL which will guide you. http://www.techspot.com/community/topics/step-by-step-beginners-guide-to-installing-ubuntu-11-10.172128/


Goto View menu -> select "Preferences" -> "Video" Tab -> Uncheck "Accelerated Video Output (Overlay)" -> Click on "Save" button
Close vlc media player and then start again. Now the issue is fixed.


Unable to switch back to the Nvidia proprietary driver after switching to the open source driver

Remove all the nvidia packages.
sudo apt update
sudo apt remove '^nvidia'
sudo apt autoremove

If you have added an Nvidia PPA to /etc/apt/sources.list remove that PPA by prefacing its line in sources.list with a # to comment it out. Run sudo apt update to refresh the list of available software.

Reboot with sudo reboot

Run the following command to install the correct proprietary Nvidia driver.
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall && sudo reboot

The autoinstall command of ubuntu-drivers installs drivers that are appropriate for automatic installation including their dependencies. This would normally include the nvidia-prime package (tools to enable NVIDIA's Prime). Then you will have an Nvidia X Server Settings icon in the Dash, and there in the left pane of Nvidia X Server Settings you can find PRIME profiles.


Try using Fonts view of the Firefox Developer Tools.

In my case it's DejaVu Sans from fonts-dejavu-core package but I see some differences from your screenshot.


Can I use the terminal from 11.04 in 10.10?

What you probably refer to as "maximize features of the terminal" is the look of Unity, the standard desktop of Ubuntu starting version 11.

The closer you can get to this when using the GNOME terminal in earlier versions of Ubuntu is:

either by clicking the maximize button on the terminal window decorations,
or by selecting the Full screen menu item from the View menu.


Format partition to what block size for photos only

I'm assuming you're using ext4. The default is to use a blocksize that has the best performance for the filesystem, and this is usually 4kb already. You can see it by running this command:

$ sudo tune2fs -l <partition device>

There's no problem if the HDD has smaller blocks, it just means more than one underlying block is used by the filesystem.

ext4 is clever about how it uses blocks, so for large files it will not keep going backwards and forwards in single 4kb calls. A larger block size is not directly possible (mkfs.ext4 -b 8192 <device> will not work, for example). There's an undocumented -C option to specify a cluster size, which effectively increases the block size.


GRUB2 (the current version of GRUB) is very stable, and very unlikely to cause trouble, unless you go trying to 'improve' it. I'd just reinstall the Ubuntu of your choice and if you have problems, let us know.


Intel i7-1065G7 does not reach maximal turbo boost frequency

You wrote...

When I throw a large single-thread load

If your program is single threaded it doesn't need to go to the maximum frequency on the other threads so it doesn't.
Your link is for the Intel® Core™ i7-1065G7 Processor.
The Intel document you linked says the max is 3900 MHz. Your data seem to show there is a core at 3900 MHz so I don't know why you think it did not hit the maximum. You posted this...
35 * 100.0 = 3500.0 MHz max turbo 8 active cores
35 * 100.0 = 3500.0 MHz max turbo 7 active cores
35 * 100.0 = 3500.0 MHz max turbo 6 active cores
35 * 100.0 = 3500.0 MHz max turbo 5 active cores
35 * 100.0 = 3500.0 MHz max turbo 4 active cores
35 * 100.0 = 3500.0 MHz max turbo 3 active cores
38 * 100.0 = 3800.0 MHz max turbo 2 active cores
39 * 100.0 = 3900.0 MHz max turbo 1 active cores

In general if the reading is not the maximum frequency it's because either it does so only intermittently so the measurement will only show that intermittently or else it doesn't need to be at the maximum frequency because there is some constraint such as IO. Don't worry about it. If you write a program that has no constraints, in other words, it is a compute constrained thread, I guarantee it will go to the max frequency.
An elapsed time of 18.5 s may not be meaningful because of random effects that you don't want to use to draw conclusions. Long running jobs of 200 seconds or more might give you more meaningful data.


Search for additional hardware with dash (windows key) and check if there is a driver set active. If not activate the most stable one and reboot. This should make Ubuntu start up using better graphics and with Unity as default (and not Unity 2D).

An example of what you need (how it looks like and what options you get probably depends in the card):

Both drivers in this display are not active. The button on the bottom right activates the chosen driver and will install additional software.

You are going to get 2 additional options in dash that should show something like this (how it looks like and what options you get probably depends in the card):


Don't allow an user to delete a file owned by the user

If I understood question correctly, I think you should try command:

  chmod u-w screenlog.0


having trouble with partitioning the harddisk

You should be using the device /dev/sdb NOT /dev/sdb1 (which would be a partition, you can't partition a partition).


when you rerun the simias-server-setup you need to delete the simias data folder. this will also delete any users and their files so be sure.

which config script?

why and what are you changing the server name to?

this tut is for opensuse but it may help you out: http://www.daniellench.com/2010/08/ifolder-on-opensuse-11-3/

check out the irc channel on irc.ifolder.net #ifolder
i like the pidgin client for irc

good luck,
dan


Oracle Java 8 "This plug-in is not supported"

Java NPAPI plugins (of which this is one) no longer work in Google Chrome or Google Chromium. A Java PPAPI plugin is required for these Google browsers.

Java NPAPI plugins continue to work in Mozilla Firefox.

It probably had nothing to do with Java 7 vs Java 8, although I haven't tested it to find out. I installed Java 7, which mean that I have Java 7 and Java 8, before discovering that the plugin works in Firefox anyway.


Xubuntu menulibre application (menu editor) not launching

First backup the menus

mv ~/.config/menus/ ~/.config/menus.bak

Then open menulibre and your problems are solved. :)


14.04 Automatically restart binary if it stops

Elegant way of controlling your program is by creating script with PID-file mechanics, that will save program's PID to file, and check with it if process is still running:

#!/bin/bash

PID_FILE=/var/run/rerun.pid # need root permission to store in this directory
EXEC=/usr/bin/gedit # replace it with actual executable

function run() {
    # execute the program
    $EXEC &
    # save its PID
    echo $! > $PID_FILE
}

if [ -e $PID_FILE ]; then
    # check if program is still running
    pid=$(<$PID_FILE)

    # find the proper process
    ps --pid $pid|grep -q `basename $EXEC`

    if [ $? != 0 ]; then
        # not found - rerun
        run
    fi
else
    # no PID file - just execute
    run
fi

Now run the script periodically (eg. in crontab).


Ubuntu scrollbars don't render on Cygwin X server

I got an answer to this, at: http://www.eclipse.org/forums/index.php/m/879752/#msg_879752


The "Quickly" project was abandoned after Ubuntu 14.04.
It's dead. Use a different tool.


Look in /var/log for release-upgrader log files that will have more details.
The error message explains:

This can be caused by:
    ...
    * Unofficial software packages not provided by Ubuntu

So, do you have any software from PPAs installed, or have you edited any of the default sources?  If so, that's probably the problem.  Disable any PPAs or other third-party repos and try again.  If it still doesn't work you might need to actually uninstall some packages or replace them with versions from the official repos.


Right click on Lenovo U410 not working in 12.04

Try changing the value

Option "SoftButtonAreas" "50% 0 82% 0 0 0 0 0"

to

Option "SoftButtonAreas" "50% 100% 82% 0 0 0 0 0"

This should make the whole bottom right half act as the right button.


I don't have a file encoded in GBK to test the solutions, but do try them.

Option 1: Run gedit and then open the file:

run gedit
click open
select in the encoding combo "add" and add GB18030 (or GBK)
select that encoding in the combo
select the file

Option 2:

install and run gconf-editor
Find /apps/gedit-2/preferences/encoding key "auto_detected" and set it to:

[CURRENT,GB18030,GBK,GB2312,UTF-8,UTF-16]

Remember to backup the previous value of auto_detected!!

Option 3:
Using dconf (the "newer" gconf, used in ubuntu)

dconf read /org/gnome/gedit/preferences/encodings/auto-detected

Save the result (backup)!

dconf write /org/gnome/gedit/preferences/encodings/auto-detected "['CURRENT', 'GBK', 'GB18030', 'GB2312', 'UTF-8', 'UTF-16']"

Sources:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gedit/+bug/819714
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=576047#c2
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1456308
http://forum.ubuntu-gr.org/viewtopic.php?p=221205&http#p221205

To reset it to default:
a) use the option you backed up from dconf read command

or b) try:

dconf reset /org/gnome/gedit/preferences/encodings/auto-detected


I see it there:

https://packages.ubuntu.com/eoan/arduino

You might want to check your sources.list


Boot from ubuntu install media - choose 'Try Ubuntu'.

Mount ubuntu partition : sudo mount /dev/sd* /mnt

Open Nautilus as root : sudo dbus-launch nautilus

Press Ctrl + H - then open 'Computer' => /mnt folder.
Go to the location of the .Trash-0 folder and delete it.

Note :  * = disk / partition (e.g. : sda1)
You can use GParted for identification.


# swap was on /dev/sda9 during installation
# UUID=375639c1-f7b0-4428-a47f-7fdae8f899eb none            swap    sw           $
/dev/mapper/cryptswap1 none swap sw 0 0

My guess is that initially swap is created here, but then the partition gets formatted as cryptswap, so instead of using the raw partition and the UUID, it relies on /dev/mapper (which is why the UUID line is commented out).

For reference, on my system the UUIDs are also different, but cryptswap1 is correctly mounted.

cryptswap is configured in /etc/crypttab, should contain something like this for your system (note that fstab says that your swap was originally on /dev/sda9):

cryptswap1 /dev/sda9 /dev/urandom swap,cipher=aes-cbc-essiv:sha256

If the partitions have been relocated somehow and /dev/sda9 no longer exists, you probably need to update crypttab to reflect the new location.

You can find more information on how to set up and diagnose cryptswaps here:

http://hydra.geht.net/tino/howto/linux/cryptswap/


Ubuntu is free for everyone to use, individuals or entities. For more information please contact Canonical: https://www.ubuntu.com/desktop/contact-us

Community support, including AskUbuntu, is also free. Professional support, if required, is paid. Please check the Ubuntu Advantage pricing.


Sign in here: https://login.ubuntu.com/
Go to Files.
Click on More on the right side of the folder you want to remove.
Choose 'Delete folder' (or 'Delete file').


Any command I enter ends with Extra junk after value. Why?

Where you trying to increase the cache size?

Open your /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/70debconf file in your favorite text editor:

  sudo nano /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/70debconf

and add a semi-colon (;) at the end of the line:

APT::Cache-Limit "100000000"

to make it look like:

APT::Cache-Limit "100000000";

All in one

// Pre-configure all packages with debconf before they are installed.
// If you don't like it, comment it out.
DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt || true";};
APT::Cache-Limit "100000000";

You can delete the apt::cache-limit "100000000" line because APT::Cache-Limit "100000000"; is the correct format.

From man apt-conf:

  APT::Get::Assume-Yes "true";The trailing semicolon is required and the
  quotes are optional.


Why in Ubuntu(Wub)i does it skip windows when I update grub?

I would try the following:
Install Ubuntu newly (normal install) side by side to your windows wubi OS. Than you should be able to get the grub menu with the option to boot into windows. Afterwards you could use Easy BCD to recover the windows MBR and delete the fresh Ubuntu install.


How to have the "close", "maximize" and "minimize" buttons on the left in google-chrome in kde

Start google-chorme like this:

$ DESKTOP_SESSION="gnome" google-chrome

Just one "little" caveat: when it starts, it doesn't know it IS the default browser.


I've had the same problem.

The solution was to change graphics card driver. Todo so, I entered recovery mode, and typed in the following:

sudo apt purge nvidia*
sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt full-upgrade
sudo apt-get install nvidia-375
sudo reboot

After rebooting the graphical login screen arrived.

I've found the description here:
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2325271

The current driver version found on http://www.geforce.com/drivers is 375, so I changed that bit.


shortcut to send selection to terminal in geany

By default there's no such shortcut defined but you can easily assign a new one.

Open the Edit -> Preferences (Ctrl+Alt+p) menu and click on the Keybindings tab:

Scroll down into the "Format" category to find and select a "Send Selection to Terminal" action. Click the Change button to assign a new shortcut and you can now send your selection to the VTE Terminal:


Failing to restart my laptop after installing Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS and "bug: soft lockup" appears

I checked online and your laptop has the following graphics chip:
NVIDIA GeForce 940MX. This is important, since the issue is due to graphics drivers during bootup.

To resolve this issue, you need edit /etc/default/grub, and add modprobe.blacklist=nouveau at the end of the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT variable.

1a. Access your Ubuntu root (/) directory (from Recovery Mode)

To do this, boot into Recovery Mode. This is the preferred approach.

Open a terminal to enter enter commands as shown.

cd /

1b. Access your Ubuntu root (/) directory (from Live CD)

If you can't get into recovery mode, you can also boot up using a "Live CD" (i.e. the media you used to install Ubuntu) and mount the root partition where you installed Ubuntu. If you use this approach, click the "Try Ubuntu" button, launch the Disks application, click on your hard disk, click on the partition where you installed Ubuntu, and then mount that partition. The instructions below refer to this location as <mount location>.

Open a terminal to enter enter commands as shown.

cd <mount location>

2. Edit grub

cat etc/default/grub
sudo sed -i "s|splash|splash modprobe.blacklist=nouveau|g" etc/default/grub
cat etc/default/grub

3a. Update Grub (from Recovery Mode)

If you were able to boot into Recovery Mode, update grub...

sudo update-grub

3b. Update Grub (from Live CD)

If you booted using the Live CD, updating Grub is a little more complex. See How do I run update-grub from a LiveCD?. Here is a summary of those instructions...

sudo mount --bind /dev <mount location>/dev
sudo mount --bind /sys <mount location>/sys
sudo mount --bind /proc <mount location>/proc

Check mnt/etc/fstab to see if have a separate Ubuntu boot partition.

cat mnt/etc/fstab

If you see an entry for /boot in mnt/etc/fstab, execute the following. (If you did a standard install, you probably will not need this).

sudo mount /dev/sdaX <mount location>/boot

...where /dev/sdaX is the device /boot points to in mnt/etc/fstab.

Then, update grub.

sudo chroot <mount location>
sudo update-grub
exit

4. Reboot

    Finally, reboot.

For reference the relevant section of your modified /etc/default/grub file should look something like this.

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT=1
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE='hidden'
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash modprobe.blacklist=nouveau"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""


Can Shutdown/Suspend/ be taken off the main menu in Unity?

The restart and shutdown items from the session indicator are controlled by com.canonical.indicator.session and its corresponding keys suppress-restart-menuitem and suppress-shutdown-menuitem. All you have to do is run two commands in terminal:

gsettings set com.canonical.indicator.session suppress-restart-menuitem  true

and

gsettings set com.canonical.indicator.session suppress-shutdown-menuitem true

In 16.04 changes take effect immediately. I'm not sure about older version, so if you are running an OS prior to 16.04 you might want to log out and log back in to see changes.


For those who are still looking for an answer:

If your HDD is "bricked" and cannot be mounted properly, there are some things to do:

make an image, if you have the space.
Operating on an image file won't damage the data on your harddisk, in case you make mistakes and destroy your data.
if you still can mount your partitions, mount it read-only.
Alter the mount command like so: mount -o ro /dev/sdb1 /mnt/targetfolder
If you cannot mount your harddisk's partitions, try extundelete or testdisk:
sudo apt-get install testdisk extundelete. Then, run cd <recovery-dir>; sudo extundelete /dev/sdb1 or sudo testdisk /dev/sdb1 and follow the instructions to recover your data.

I successfully recovered data from a overridden raid 1 drive, so I can really recommend these tools.


Unable to create directory on wordpress with xampp

You need to change the Linux ownership of the directory. To do this, you need to know the owner of the httpd/apache process. You can get this by typing:
ps aux | grep apache

or
ps aux | grep httpd

Normally the owner is nobody or daemon.
Then cd into your wp-content directory. E.g.:
cd /opt/lampp/htdocs/wordpress/wp-content

and create the uploads directory:
mkdir uploads

You will then need to set this directory's owner to the user that is running apache. E.g.:
sudo chown daemon uploads

Try your upload again and it should be working.


Cannot find Sylpheed data storage location

Perhaps the problem is IMAP itself. There is POP and there is IMAP. POP is used to download email, and the downloaded messages can be deleted from the server. IMAP generally is not used to download anything. It only syncs your headers and does not use your disk space. If you want to download your email, store it and flush the email account online, use POP. Then you will find the messages somewhere. Beware that some software save every email message as a separate .eml file but others have big one-piece database files that may be only a burden to their owners, and get unusable without the software that has generated them.


You have configured the crontab wrong do as following:

In terminal type:

sudo crontab -e

Then give the entry for it like:

30 02 * * * /sbin/shutdown -h now


You can't resize a mounted partition and since you are already in Ubuntu, the / partition is mounted. What you need to do is to boot into live by making a USB bootable with Ubuntu and launch gparted from there. In gparted, right-click your /dev/sda4 and you can resize it according to your wish.


Note:  When dealing with partitions, always make sure that you have a current backup, just in case.

You need to boot either from the Ubuntu LiveCD, or the Gparted LiveCD.  Once you boot up bring up Gparted, and make sure that either /dev/sda2 or /dev/sda4 are Un-mounted.  You don't have to use both of them, just choose whichever one you want to use.

Once un-mounted, just right click on the partition that you choose, and click on Resize/Move, and shrink it down to what you need.  Once that's done, and applied.

Then choose /dev/sda5, right click, and again choose Resize/Move, and extend the partition with the newly created available space.

Note:  When dealing with partitions, always make sure that you have a current backup, just in case.


dpkg: error processing linux-headers-3.2.0-35

http://www.iasptk.com/ubuntu-fix-broken-package-best-solution

After trying

sudo dpkg --configure -a

and

sudo apt-get install -f

the problem of a broken package still exist the solution is to edit the dpkg status file manually.

$ sudo gedit /var/lib/dpkg/status    (you can use vi or nano instead of gedit)

Locate the corrupt package, and remove the whole block of information about it and save the file.


In general GNOME updates go through the Stable Release Updates process. Searching through the pending updates shows some 2.32.1 packages there. Here's an example.

Generally speaking looking at the meta package usually isn't enough, not all GNOME packages follow the same naming convention, some tarballs might not have a new release, etc. However our desktop team works closely with the GNOME release team on stable updates.

In certain cases the SRU/desktop/release team might only cherry pick fixes from the upstream point release and backport them. In cases like this it will be mentioned in the package changelog.


what does this activity represents - looking in syslog, kernlog & ufw log

Welcome to Internet !!

That is someone is DDOS-ing to your IP address on various ports and trying to find an insecured port they can leverage. From the logs i can see various IP addresses with various ports e.g. 17 (qotd), 23 (telnet), 69 (tftp) and probably many more.

Good thing is, all the attacks are being blocked by the firewall, at least it is clear from the chunk you have provided. Make sure by going through the logs in full.

If you do not have any unnecessary service running, and all the running services are secured properly, you have nothing much to worry. This is normal in todays world, most of the days i get them too.

Also note that, its a good idea to ensure rate limiting by using something like fail2ban. At least, make sure that the native security measures for all the services are in place.


Mount External "My Passport for Mac" to VM Ubuntu 14

Note that I use neither Windows 8, nor Mac. Information for Step 2 was found by googling and checking Ubuntu Software Center.

Step 1: Try lsblk from Ubuntu to check all devices and partitions in them it sees.
Step 2: Check if software needed to read Mac drives is installed (and install if not)

By default Mac drives uses hfs+ journalling system, not understood natively by Ubuntu.
sudo apt-get install hfsplus
also try sudo apt-get install hfsprogs

"Step 3": If you checked that your host sees the drive, but guest when you virtually attach does not, it most probably is an issue with the virtualisation software. List item


EDIT: AMDGPU-PRO 17.30 supports 4.10+ kernels.

AFAIK, at the moment, there's no support for 4.9+ kernels coming from AMD. Since I was having the same issue, I had to switch to the normal amdgpu module. For the moment it works pretty well, I suggest to give it a try.

Here's some info: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/AMDGPU

Sorry for not giving you a proper answer anyway.


Sound problem Dell XPS 15 9570 with ubuntu 16.04LTS

You can try to tweak your sound settings with the software Pulsaudio

sudo apt install pulseaudio


Thunderbird Links do not open the page in chrome

Go into the "Attachments" tab in "Peferences" menu and search for "http" and "https", and then change values to the browser you want or to "Allways ask". Problem solved.

If that doesn't work, you can try going to "Tools", "Options", "Advanced", "General", "Config editor". Search for "network.protocol-handler.warn-external.http" and "network.protocol-handler.warn-external.https", change both values from "false" to "true" en then try to open a link in a message. It should ask to select what browser you want to use with an option to "Remember the choice".


Open terminal by ctrl + Alt + T,then run the commands,

cd /usr/local/bin
sudo rm mricro mricrox.tar.gz startmricro startmricro2 startmricro64
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mricron


A friend of mine suggested \A.git\Z for the .git folder. It seems to work effectively. The end result was the following ignore.default in /etc/xdg/ubuntuone/syncdaemon.conf:

ignore.default = \A#.*\Z
                 \A.*~\Z
                 \A.*\.py[oc]\Z
                 \A.*\.sw[nopx]\Z
                 \A.*\.swpx\Z
                 \A\..*\.tmp\Z
                 \A\.git\Z


Brother's printers are best installed via their own drivers, repositories, and such (in my experience). I have an MFC-7630n printer, but I suspect that the procedure will be similar.

So you can go here to download all the drivers and install them (this should bring you to your model):
http://support.brother.com/g/b/downloadlist.aspx?c=it&lang=it&prod=mfcj625dw_all&os=128&flang=English

Then you should assign a static IP address to your printer via your router interface or DHCP server and make sure it can be reached from your computers.

Finally, you should add the printer to your system and configure it to use an lpd string pointing to the IP you assigned it before plus the model name.

Mine is configured like this. Change your settings accordingly:

Connection: lpd://192.168.1.254/mfc7360n
Driver: Current - Brother MFC7360N for CUPS

(See comments below for OP's solution, based on this)


Where is the restore.js file located in Ubuntu?

in ~/.mozilla/firefox/your_profile/ you can find

sessionCheckpoints.json
sessionstore.jsonlz4

and the directory sessionstore-backups


change permissions of folder to group sudo read/write and all users only read

chmod and chgrp are the tools needed here:
# make the group 'sudo' the owner of the directory 'public'
chgrp sudo public

# give the group read/write access and others just read access
chmod g=rwx,o=rx public

Result:
ls -ld public
drwxrwxr-x 2 pduck sudo 4096 Feb  4 14:08 public

Update
If you also want to prevent the current owner pduck from accessing the directory (regardless of his membership), then give the ownership to root:
sudo chown root:sudo public
sudo chmod 0750 public

# result:
drwxrwxr-x 2 root sudo 4096 Feb 28 11:32 public

Now only root and members of the sudo group have read/write access. But root can access the directory anyway, even when he's not the owner, so this is safe.

The first thought might be to keep the ownership and just reduce the rights:
sudo chown pduck:sudo public
sudo chmod 0050 public

# gives
d---r-x--- 2 pduck sudo 4096 Feb 28 11:32 public

Now – although the owner – pduck cannot access the directory. But (as owner) he can simply regain access by issuing chmod u+rwx public himself, so this is not safe.


Is there a way to decrypt EPM files using Ubuntu?

I had never heard of EPM before. After ten minutes scrobbling around the internet, I'm fairly confident you're talking about a disk/volume encryption format from Check Point Software:

http://www.checkpoint.com/products/media-encryption/index.html

On the specifications tab it doesn't include Linux as a supported operating system and because this is a proprietary media encryption format, I feel it's unlikely that there are any open source tools to decrypt the volume.

That leaves you with a few options, none ideal:

Ask the agency to send you the data you need in another format. Some agencies encrypt everything regardless of need. If this is non-sensitive data argue that it doesn't need encrypting. If they can use alternative software (like a Truecrypted USB drive) that would also work for you. You never know, they might even listen.
Ask Check Point Software for a Linux version. Unless they're already working on it, don't hold your breath. This is serious software that will require serious (long and expensive) testing.
Install Windows in VirtualBox, install Check Point and try to copy the data out. From what I can see, Check Point is going to try to stop this. And it's probably going to win.
Give up. Use Windows-proper.


apt-cache show new version to install but apt-get does nothing

The "newer" package is not installing (unless you force it) because it has been marked with a low priority indicating "do not install".

Notice how in the version table there is a priority to the left of each source under each version.  For the first, it's -1, and for the second it's 100.

  Version table:
     1.10.0.4523-648bc61d4-1 -1
         -1 https://dev2day.de/pms jessie/main armhf Packages
 *** 1.9.7.4460-a39b25852-1 100
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

Somehow in your APT preferences, you have it configured not to install that other package.  Looking at its URL, I'm guessing it's to do with the repository it's coming from: that repository is probably marked as do not install in your config, or there may be an issue with that repository making APT do that itself.

APT priorities

You can modify APT priorities and how they work, but in general they work like this.  When a package install or upgrade is requested, a priority is calculated for all available versions of each package and the package with the highest priority is the one installed.

You can use APT pinning (see apt_preferences) to specify any value for a repository, target, or individual package version, but the general values are:

Less than 0: special value indicating package should never be installed (if you've chosen to block install of a package it'll be -1)
100: Currently installed version of a package
500: Available package from a different target
990: Available package from current default target
More than 1000: special value indicating package should be installed even if version is lower than current ("force downgrade")

This means that if you already have a package installed, then another package would have to have a priority of over 100 to beat it (and be a newer version, unless it's over 1000).


I found the solution. Firstly I thought that it was because some packages like libglib or libgtk. But the problem was because of somehthing else. I also had problem with the animation and windows border. I wasn't able to switch between windows. To solve this problem you just have to reinstall compiz using the command given in the question

Fixing theme

Look at the above link and follow the instructions. It is a solution for Faience theme but same can be applied for elementary theme.

cd /usr/share/themes/elementary/metacity-1

~/.themes/elementary/metacity-1 if you installed it by hand

sudo mv metacity-theme-3.xml metacity-theme-3.xml-OLD

If you rename the metacity file you will be able to change the GTK theme using Ubuntu Tweak  which will make your panel whose image I have shared in the question look normal but elementary window theme may not work.

For the window theme to work firstly reboot and theme change the same metacity file to normal i.e remove the "-OLD"

sudo mv metacity-theme-3.xml-OLD metacity-theme-3.xml

and then try changing the window theme using Ubuntu Tweak. It will restore everthing back to normal. If this doesn't work. there here are some link you can look into.

Google
Ask Ubuntu
Ask Ubuntu 2

Cheers!


Issue with training text classification model in R on Ubuntu server 18.04

can you show us the authorization settings with the following command

sudo ls -l /srv/shiny-server/text_cls/voc_single/mymodel.bin

You can fix the authorization issues by authorizing your user to edit that file

sudo chown yourusername /srv/shiny-server/text_cls/voc_single/mymodel.bin
sudo chmod 700 /srv/shiny-server/text_cls/voc_single/mymodel.bin


most lightweight linux distribution for very old computer

As this is asking the question on an Ubuntu site, the only recommendation I can give is Lubuntu, which is the least resource heavy of the official Ubuntu flavours. I've used it on machines over 10 years old, and not had any issues.

There are other lightweight varieties of Linux such as Puppy Linux, or Trisquel Mini. You could even create a minimal Arch Linux installation with a lightweight desktop environment installed, though that's going to be a much more involved process. Advice on these distros is outside the remit of this site though.


install updates after dismissing the popup?

The application you are talking about is called "Software Updater". Just open the dash, type "software updater" and run it.


I figured out that I could fix this by simply turning off secure boot in the BIOS.


How do people transfer files (e.g. website files) if they have root disabled?

There are two general options:

How to avoid using sudo when working in /var/www?
Allow root logins but mitigate the risk

Use keys
Disable password authentication
Use iptables or fail2ban to block brute force attacks

These iptables rules mitigate brute force attacks

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m tcp -m state --state NEW -m recent --set --name SSH --rsource

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m recent --update --seconds 600 --hitcount 20 --rttl --name SSH --rsource -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

See:
http://bodhizazen.com/Tutorials/SSH_keys

and

What does 'without password' mean in sshd_config file?

and

http://bodhizazen.com/Tutorials/iptables


When you grab an output for spamassassin, it will output your message to STDOUT, not the original file.

This is because spamassassin typically takes messages through STDIN, like when it's being used as a sieve for Postfix. Postfix passes the message through STDIN to spamassassin, who outputs it to STDOUT to the next process, so something like this:

[email] -> `spamassassin` / `spamc` ---[spam-sorted email]---> `somethingelse`

If you want to save the file, you need to write it, like so:

spamassassin mail.eml > mail-spamcheck.eml


lvm volume's file system suddenly changed from ext4 to silicon_medley_raid_member

I had a lot of fun with the same bug today and can't count all the filesystem checks, boot-repairs, grub-reinstalls, ...

It turns out the solution is quite easy. Just extend your root volgroup by a few bytes and the type will be fixed to ext4 automatically.

lvextend -L +512B /dev/mapper/local-root

I found the solution here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/util-linux/+bug/1011007


free up /boot .. can't install new software

When you dist-upgrade you move on to the new kernel. Excepting troubles you'd never normally boot into one of the older kernels you've left behind. Me I like to remove all but the most recent two of linux-image* and linux-headers* once I've accumulated four or five. I have jettisoned 3.8.0-19.30 through 3.8.0-26.38, and I'm due for another cleaning.

I don't know why an app would affect /boot though. Are you perhaps, I don't know, picking up a low latency kernel in the same installation?


this is a sign for either

filesystem fault
hardware damage/disconnects/timeouts
undervoltage
your system runs out of memory

ext4 is relatively "robust" against most things  , the only thing that is likely to break is the journal

check the output of dmesg and/or journalctl on your console for errors

see if your disk reports errors via S.M.A.R.T

possibly issue a S.M.A.R.T self test
( quick-hint: gnome-disks,select disk , press s or select smart
test from menu (3 bars))

possibly run bios/uefi system internal hard disk test

check for bad connections to the disks

check for undervoltage , especially on developer boards

since you indicated a disk timeout:
you can increase the waiting time for disks ,command to find the timeouts :
 find /sys/class/scsi_generic/*/device/timeout -exec grep -H . '{}' \;

then you could change timeout to 3 min (as root)
 echo 180 > /sys/block/sda/device/timeout

!!DANGER!!
unless this is related to excessive load,  [disk timeouts/bus-reset freezes] are a strong indicator for serious trouble like drivers  doing wrong or disk dying ( not replying because it cannot allocate the sector in given time)
data written during a reconnect that fails WILL BE LOST


Normally Ubuntu will automatically prepare a partition here is the official install guide.

Don't forget to make a backup before installing!

I recommend you another modification of Ubuntu, use Xubuntu or Lubuntu it will run faster on your Hardware.

Use the 32Bit version for your PC.

If you want to dual-boot chose the option Install Ubuntu (or Xubuntu/Lubuntu) alongside Windows on the install menu.

Uninstalling is no  problem here is an guide.

But keep in mind Windows XP should no longer be used for the Internet because the update support is out of date!

Edit: How to turn Ubuntu into Lubuntu without reinstall:

You can replace Ubuntu(Unity) with Lubuntu(LXDE) or Xubuntu(XFCE).

Run this in a terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install lubuntu-desktop

Look also at this guide for more details How to Install the Lightweight LXDE Desktop on Ubuntu

And if you want you can delete the unity desktop completly (before you delete this you should make a backup), run this in a terminal:

sudo apt-get autoremove --purge unity unity-common unity-services unity-lens-\* unity-scope-\* unity-webapps-\* gnome-control-center-unity hud libunity-core-6\* libunity-misc4 libunity-webapps\* appmenu-gtk appmenu-gtk3 appmenu-qt\* overlay-scrollbar\* activity-log-manager-control-center firefox-globalmenu thunderbird-globalmenu libufe-xidgetter0 xul-ext-unity xul-ext-webaccounts webaccounts-extension-common xul-ext-websites-integration gnome-control-center gnome-session

this will completly delete the unity desktop from Ubuntu.


File permissions to let web application write files

The webserver runs as the user www-data.

To let it modify a file, just change the owner of that file to www-data, like so:

chown www-data /var/www/oscommerce/osCommerce/OM/Config/settings.ini

For security purposes I would recommended chowning as few things as possible - in fact afterwards, when it's done, you could even chown it back to the original owner so that the webserver can't write to it again.

ls -l will show you the current owner of a file, ie:

ls -l /var/www/oscommerce/osCommerce/OM/Config/settings.ini
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 200 2011-11-15 17:17 /var/www/oscommerce/osCommerce/OM/Config/settings.ini

Here the owner is root (the second root is the group-owner of the file).

There are other ways to grant the webserver write-access, such as setting the file world-writeable, but this has other inherent dangers (ANYONE could change your config) and I wouldn't recommend that.


After successful connecting of the bluetooth headset, try
sudo -i pactl load-module module-bluetooth-discover

If that then allows you to select the headset as an output device, you can make the following changes:

nano /etc/pulse/default.pa

Comment out the following lines:

#.ifexists module-bluetooth-discover.so
#load-module module-bluetooth-discover
#.endif

Then in:

nano /usr/bin/start-pulseaudio-x11

Find the following lines and add after them:

if [ x”$SESSION_MANAGER” != x ] ; then
/usr/bin/pactl load-module module-x11-xsmp “display=$DISPLAY session_manager=$SESSION_MANAGER” > /dev/null
fi

# Add the following lines:
/usr/bin/pactl load-module module-bluetooth-discover
# /usr/bin/pactl load-module module-switch-on-connect #<-- Uncomment to automatically select headset on connection


Shortcut to open the Gnome Shell user menu

To implement a quick shortcut key to open the Gnome Shell user menu, assign following command to a shortcut combination:
gdbus call -e -d org.gnome.Shell -o /org/gnome/Shell -m org.gnome.Shell.Eval string:'Main.panel.statusArea.aggregateMenu.menu.toggle();'


You need to remove cdrom from sources.list either manualy or with software-properties-gtk program. Just launch it and uncheck corresponding checkboxes.


Add this to the bottom of your /etc/default/slapd file.

# Increase max fd for slapd
ulimit -n 8192

That file is sourced from /etc/init.d/slapd during each run of that script, and changes will affect the daemon.

This was also discussed upstream at https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/openldap/+bug/632314


You have to manually recreate the file path with:

sudo mkdir -p /usr/share/icons/DMZ-White/

and then run reinstallation:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall dmz-cursor-theme

or if it continue to fail - install its package from cache directly:

sudo dpkg -i --force-all /var/cache/apt/archives/dmz-cursor-theme*.deb


Ubuntu weird process use 60-70 percent of the CPU

readlink -f /proc/{PID}/exe will return the path of the process binary

lsof -p {PID} will return where to look for investigation

ClamAV antivirus can help too.

sudo apt install clamav

Bonne chance


Recover windows 10 EFI Boot from dual boot with ubuntu

Before you uninstall Ubuntu, you should do one or both of two things:

Remove GRUB's files -- On an EFI-based computer, GRUB lives on the EFI System Partition (ESP), which is mounted at /boot/efi in Ubuntu. Ubuntu stores GRUB in the EFI/ubuntu directory on this partition, so you can remove it by typing sudo rm -rf /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu in Ubuntu. This will not affect the currently-running Ubuntu, but once you shut down, you will be unable to reboot into Ubuntu! (If you change your mind at this point, you can re-install GRUB or some other boot loader in any of several ways.)
Move Windows to the top of the EFI's boot list -- Instead of (or in addition to) removing GRUB, you can alter the EFI boot order. There are several ways to do this, including:

efibootmgr in Ubuntu -- You can type sudo efibootmgr to see the BootOrder variable and all the Boot#### entries to which it refers. You can then alter the BootOrder variable by using the -o option, as in sudo efibootmgr -o 4,2,A to set the system to try Boot0004 first, followed by Boot0002 and then Boot000A. The appropriate order depends on what's entered in the current list, so you should not simply use 4,2.A; that's just an example.
EasyUEFI in Windows -- The third-party EasyUEFI tool does the same thing that efibootmgr does, but with a GUI. Thus, you can delete the ubuntu entry or move it down the list of priorities.
Your firmware -- Some, but not all, EFIs enable you to adjust the boot order from their own user interfaces. You'd hit Delete, Enter, or a function key to enter the setup utility, find the option to adjust the boot order, and do so in whatever way the firmware supports. Unfortunately, there's no standardization of this, so I can't be more precise in how to do it. In fact, as I've already mentioned, not all EFIs provide this functionality.

With the exception of using the firmware, it's best if you do this before you delete the Ubuntu partition. If you delete the Ubuntu partition first, you're likely to get a grub> prompt when you boot. If that happens, exiting from GRUB or using the computer's built-in boot manager may enable you to boot to Windows, whereupon you can delete the GRUB files or use EasyUEFI to recover permanently.


How to add Ubuntu repositories on Kubuntu?

Kubuntu Wikipedia page: Every package in Kubuntu shares the same repositories as Ubuntu. However Steam and Motorbike aren't in the default ubuntu/kubuntu repositories. So you will have to enable the universe and multiverse repositories.
Managing Repositories in Kubuntu

Kubuntu uses KPackageKit for software management. To open it, click on your Kmenu, then open System Settings.

Next, select "Add and Remove Software"

Click the "Settings" button, then select "Edit Software Sources".

You will be prompted for your password in order to proceed

Next, go the the "Updates" tab. From here, you can enable/disable some of the official Ubuntu repositories and change your update settings. You should enable the universe and the multiverse repos.
Or, you could just type a line or two of commands and get the job done as follows:
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main universe multiverse"

then
sudo apt-get update

then
sudo apt-get upgrade

Kubuntu repository installation instruction page


You can use ffmpeg or the VLC media player to convert WMA files to MP3.  Once you have VLC installed, convert your file by:

Open VLC and select Media -> Convert / Save
Add your WMA file and click Convert/Save
Select Audio - MP3 from the conversion drop-down
Choose a destination for your file
Click Start

With ffmpeg, you can convert the file from the command-line using this code:

ffmpeg -i input.wma -ab 32 output.mp3

The -b option specifies the bitrate, so you may want to change that to fit your needs.


Nvidia external monitor hdmi output corrupt image not working

Apparently Ubuntu's 16.04 embedded Kernel 4.4 is known to have incompatibilities with some graphic cards. So the deal here is to upgrade to a newer Kernel.

Remove nvidia from your system

sudo apt-get remove nvidia*
sudo apt-get purge nvidia*

Reboot

sudo reboot

Upgrade kernel (Read here)

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-hwe-16.04 xserver-xorg-hwe-16.04

Another reboot and your external monitor should work


no space in disk; sudo apt-get clean not working

Doing sudo apt-get clean will remove all the local copy of the packages that you may have downloaded when doing an installation. This will almost empty the /var/cache/apt/archives directory.

But this is not the only place where a lot of space can be wasted, without any importance order:

/var/log which contains most of the log for your system. You may want to delete the old logs. You may want also to tweak the configuration of the logrotation program to reduce the amount of logs saved and archived. In the file /etc/logrotate.conf and all the files present under /etc/logrotate.d look for the line beginning by rotation. The number after means how many logs are kept on the system.
/tmp, /var/tmp and any other tmp directories found on the system.
Your own Trash folder may be full of items that can be purged.
Cache of your web browser: usually, in the preferences settings of any web browser, there is a place where you can define the maximum size it can occupy and also to do a purge of it (removing history, old downloaded files, ...)
In your home directory, there is a Download folder, maybe it is full of things you don't need anymore and that can be safely deleted.

And these are only the few general things I'm thinking about.
Depending on how you use your system (applications installed and so on), there may be some other directories to check and to empty.


Wifi disconnects after laptop is suspended

I found the answer here.

Apparently you had to go into NetworkManager.conf and edit the file from managed=false to managed=true and then open up Ctrl+Alt+T and type in sudo service network-manager restart


Reformatted Windows 8 laptop not loading Installed Ubuntu 13.04 x64

Ouch, sounds like you need to check out the UEFI Documentation from Ubuntu. If it was a Windows 8 machine, it can be a pain. Stopped buying those Windows machines because of that annoyance. There are other options, but this is a forum to help with Ubuntu questions.


VLC (snap installation) - allow access to custom path (custom interface)

OK, it seems that this is not possible with snaps. You probably can do it as a developer for your own snap but not as a user.


I haven't had this before but I might be able to help. When your computer turns on there should be a place where it says a button you can press in order to boot your computer on a different drive (I think it might be F11) maybe when you do that you will have the option to revert to your previous operating system.


From https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DuplicityBackupHowto:

Deleting old backups

You can invoke duplicity followed by remove-older-than and a time constraint. The  example script removes backups older than one year:

duplicity remove-older-than 1Y --force ftp://FtpUserID@ftp.domain.com/etc

It is not possible to do a backup (full or incremental) and delete old files with the same command.

The Ubuntu Backup tool ist based on "Déjà Dup Backup Tool", which has duplicity as a backend.


How do I prevent launcher from showing a drive icon for each mounted partition

Using dconf-editor by blacklisting UUIDs solved the problem for me (i.e. worked for permanently attached storage / partitions).

If you don't have it installed already, run sudo apt-get install dconf-editor

Navigate to com → canonical → Unity → devices and enter the 'UUID-Label' (i.e. UUID and the Label of the drive separated by a single dash) of the mount in blacklist. The blacklist is an array of strings and any drive / partitions added to blacklist will not be shown in the launcher by default.

Just use the UUID of your mount inside the square bracket and the single quote marks.
To know the UUID of drives run sudo blkid -o list or sudo blkid in a Terminal.

Below is an example of how the blacklist should look..

 ['6D7B3DA124CBC7E1-D', '9496GB2587CB06A8-H', '2AD455A9D425771B-G', 'FEBEE8ECBEE12E33-Windows-8']

If any partition in your machine doesn’t have a 'label' assigned to it, use Gparted to assign a label first before blacklisting the UUID.


Ubuntu server 18.04 not overwriting home dir on install?

First of all I would make a backup of your home directory and save the /etc and /var/log directory.

In the Ubuntu 18.04 installer you have to choose in the partition menu something else.

the ubuntu server image name that allows you to choose which existing partition(s) to use and how, similar to the xubuntu desktop installer, is

    ubuntu-18.04-server-amd64.iso


According to your ssh-keygen output there, the key was saved to id_rsa and id_rsa.pub, which is where they normally go.  If you renamed them to mykey.txt and mykey.txt.pub then you need to rename them back.


Right-click on the file and choose "Open With Archive Mounter".

The ISO is mounted at .gvfs folder under your Home directory.

You can either access it from the mount location as shown above or from the side-panel in your File Manager.

Credit goes to Ubuntu Forums member, tgm4883.