Suspicious connections coming from Firefox (possible malware)

It appears to be firefox heartbeat telemetry. It could be disabled in about:config settings (that particular one can probably be disabled with app.normandy.enabled=false in about:config)

If you do not like firefox phoning home (and elsewhere), there are also a few other settings you may want to change


Boot from USB in a COMPAQ Presario B1800

Your laptop is too old, and doesn't include an option to boot from the USB. There are alternatives that you can use to do this:

Burn a CD/DVD. There is already several guides about how to do this.
Use the Plop boot manager. http://www.plop.at/en/bootmanager/mbrinstall.html#wininst
Install GRUB2DOS (this is not recomended due the lack of documentation)
Install from the network

So, lets use Plop:

Download the current boot manager plpbt-5.0.14.zip.
Extract the zip file. Open the folder Windows.
You will find the batch program InstallToMBR. Run it as administrator in VISTA/WIN7 (right mouse click on the file and choose "Run as administrator").
The batch creates an entry in your windows boot menu called "Install the Plop Boot Manager to the MBR".
Reboot and select the "Install the Plop Boot Manager to the MBR", reboot again.
Once this is done, you will have a menu similar to the above image, as you can read the last option is USB. Select it and follow the in-screen instructions.


How can I auto-close an urxvt terminal after executing an expect script?

This works:

#!/usr/bin/expect -f
set timeout -1
spawn -noecho bash
expect "$ "
send "pass show -c "
interact -nobuffer \r return
expect "Copied"
sleep 0.05


Midori stopped displaying tabs bar on Lubuntu 16.04.1 and 14.04.4

I know this doesn't really solve the Midori issue, but I believe Midori is not being developed anymore.

I personally recommend you switch to Epiphany browser (Gnome Web), it is very light and more stable than Midori.

  sudo apt-get install epiphany-browser

I hope this helps a bit.


By "theme", I presume you mean icon theme. Ubuntu 19.04 uses Yaru as it's primary icon theme, wheras Ubuntu 18.04 uses Adwaita. If you'd prefer the Adwaita icon theme on your Ubuntu 19.04 computer, do the following:

1) Install the icon theme if not already installed - sudo apt install adwaita-icon-theme-full.

2) Install GNOME Tweaks - sudo apt install gnome-tweaks.

3) Launch GNOME Tweaks, and go to the "Appearence" tab.

4) You should see the icon theme dropdown. Change it from Yaru to Adwaita.

Immediately you should see the icons change back to what they looked like in 18.04. If they don't immediately change, you may need to logout and log back in.

EDIT: Apparently the default 18.04 theme is "ubuntu-mono-dark", however it is (pretty much) identical to Adwaita. If you'd prefer to use this, go for it, however Adwaita should be fine if you want it to feel like 18.04.


video stalling, audio fine (Ubuntu 18.04)

Though not an ideal solution, turning off hardware acceleration in the browser (Chrome) fixed the issue.


At this web site you can find a non official thunderbird extension to use an external editor of your choice:

  http://globs.org/download.php?lng=en


GRUB not showing up after tinkering partition

AFAIK, the only way to install Ubuntu on the same partition as Windows is via WUBI, which is no longer supported and, AFAIK, does not work with an EFI-mode boot, which your system is clearly using. Thus, if you used WUBI, you were playing with something very obscure and bleeding-edge on your particular system, and your best bet at getting help is to consult whatever instructions you followed.

Also, you haven't clearly described the symptoms of your boot failure. Are you not seeing a GRUB menu appear? Does GRUB appear but selecting Ubuntu in the menu causes some failure? If so, what error messages or other symptoms are you seeing?

One thing I note in your Boot Repair output is that your firmware's boot order is set to boot Windows first:

=================== efibootmgr -v
BootCurrent: 0004
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0001,0000,2001,2002,2004
Boot0000* ubuntu    HD(2,GPT,308fb967-7769-427d-a80b-c6c93749aef4,0x145800,0x82000)/File(EFIubuntushimx64.efi)
Boot0001* Windows Boot Manager  HD(2,GPT,308fb967-7769-427d-a80b-c6c93749aef4,0x145800,0x82000)/File(EFIMicrosoftBootbootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}....................
Boot0002* Notebook Hard Drive - HGST HTS541010A9E680    BBS(HD,Notebook Hard Drive - HGST HTS541010A9E680,0x500)................-.E.......E.A.E...................................&4........A.........................
Boot0003* USB Hard Drive - KingstonDataTraveler 2.0 BBS(7,USB Hard Drive - KingstonDataTraveler 2.0,0x500)...................................................................;........A.....................
Boot0004* USB Hard Drive (UEFI) - KingstonDataTraveler 2.0  PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x14,0x0)/USB(5,0)/HD(1,MBR,0x71,0x800,0xef3800)RC
Boot2001* EFI USB Device    RC
Boot2002* EFI DVD/CDROM RC
Boot3001* Internal Hard Disk or Solid State Disk    RC

Note the BootOrder line, which specifies that Boot0001 (Windows Boot Manager) is first in the list. A couple of possibilities occur to me:

If your boot process passed through the Windows boot manager, then this is correct, and the solution lies in fixing the Windows boot manager configuration.
If the boot process should have passed through GRUB, then you need to adjust the BootOrder variable. You can do this with efibootmgr in Ubuntu (e.g., sudo efibootmgr -o 0,1,2001,2002,2004, which will reverse the order of the Boot0001 and Boot0000 options) or using EasyUEFI in Windows, which can do the same thing via a GUI tool.

DO NOT try one of these solutions randomly! It's critical that you understand what your boot process had been before you attempt a repair, since picking the wrong option is likely to make matters worse.

All of this, of course, is predicated on the assumption that you're correct in assuming that you had a WUBI-style installation. If not, then chances are mook765 is correct and you've accidentally wiped out the Ubuntu installation. (Alternatively, it might be on a second physical disk -- maybe its cable has come loose or the disk itself has died.) As I said, AFAIK WUBI doesn't work on EFI-mode installations -- full stop. Maybe I'm wrong about that, or maybe there's something else (a fork of WUBI or some other project with similar goals) of which I'm unaware. In any event, I think you need to clarify, at least to yourself, how you installed Ubuntu before you proceed any further.


Reset Windows share password after 'Remember forever'

In case anyone stumbles on this thread looking in vain for a solution - I've got (most) of a workaround after needing to change the Windows password again.

Open Nautilus
Choose: Files > Connect to Server
Use a direct smb url to connect to the Windows machine (smb://)
Sign in with the new credentials

This isn't perfect, you can access the machine again but browsing the network and attempting to open the same machine still fails (presumably because it's using old details).

And finally a restart of the machine also seems to fix the problem but for various reasons that's not always desirable.


Does Steam require a new installation in Wine for every game?

It doesn't.  It only requires a new install of steam if it's in a new winedrive like when you're using playonlinux.  If you just read the PoL install script and install all the same winetricks in one winedrive - you don't need more than one winedrive or more than one install of steam.

e.g. - I have about 5 games installed in one winedrive, and then I use this to launch that steam/winedrive:

$ cat ~/bin/payday
export WINEPREFIX=/home/schadenfreude/PlayOnLinux\'s\ virtual\ drives/Payday2
cd ~/PlayOnLinux\'s\ virtual\ drives/Payday2/drive_c/Program\ Files/Steam
wine Steam.exe


I use the tiny menu extension to reduce the menu bar to an icon next to my address bar.

Otherwise, you should be able to create a new toolbar and drag the menu bar onto it, then hide that toolbar.


SendMail 503 error Ubuntu ["Unrecognized host name gmail.com."]

sendmail: missing smtp mailer in sendmail.mc

It seems that MAILER(smtp) is missing in your sendmail.mc file.
Sendmail would like to use smtp to send to gmail.com but the mailer is missing.
[sendmail.mc is used to generate /etc/mail/sendmail.cf]

The missing line in sendmail.mc:

MAILER(`smtp')

Technical details overkill

proto.m4 file:

# deal with other remote names
ifdef(`_MAILER_smtp_',
`R$* < @$* > $*         $#_SMTP_ $@ $2 $: $1 < @ $2 > $3        user@host.domain',
`R$* < @$* > $*         $#error $@ 5.1.2 $: "_CODE553 Unrecognized host name " $2')


How to remove a file from usr/share/applications on ubuntu 14.04

Try typing the command like this:

sudo rm /usr/share/applications/Eclipse\ Mars\ C

And press TAB. It will auto-complete, at which point you should run the command, and it will remove. Putting it in quotes MIGHT work, but there's also a / in the name, so it might cause errors, so it's better to let Bash handle it for you.


How to install LINE (messaging app) on Ubuntu

The easiest solution is to install Chromium (or Google Chrome), and run LINE on top of it.

Install Chromium for the Ubuntu repository
Run Chromium
Within Chromium, go to http://line.me click on "Download" then click on "Chrome"
Click "Install"
The LINE app should start, asking you to enter your password

LINE running on my Ubuntu via Chromium:

Please note that the Chrome LINE app is quite basic:

As @Kasun points out, it does not support video calls. Actually it does not seem to support normal calls either.
As @jeffmcneill points out, there are no threaded discussions, no calls, no multiple windows, and there are issues with animated stickers.


Cannot login to Ubuntu, Pkexec and sudo isn't working

if the disk its not encrypted, then use some usb live , here you can get a guide. how to make usb live on windows and mac os how to make usb live on ubuntu

boot your new live system
open a terminal

get root by using sudo bash command

try to get the device name and the file-system with the  fdisk -l  (example /dev/sdb1)

create a folder to mount the disk over /media/ folder mkdir /media/hdd

mount the disk mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 /media/hdd

mount the disk where you want to store your files  with the same procedure

if you just want to copy them use
 cp -t /path/toThe/files /path/toThe/storeFolder/

if you want to compress them i use use tar and gz by the

tar -cvzf file.tar.gz /path/toThe/homeUser

but i let you a more detailed guide of tar opcions to figure figure out witch option work better for you tar guide


Assign sounds to system events like Windows

The only thing I can find is to replace the sounds in this folder
/usr/share/sounds/ubuntu/stereo
with other sound files with the same name.


Can you check if there is any process that should be consuming all that disk space?
It happened to me, having my torrent client open and he just keeps on filling the disk. Check if you have the package manager downloading updates on the background and kill these processes.

ps -ax #Should list all the processes running, try and find out something, or post here the last lines of the ouput of this command

Hope this helps.

Cheers


Start new gnome-terminal with several tabs and wait after command is run

Use zsh's trap builtin (the trap builtin is also present in bash):

gnome-terminal --tab -t "FOO" -e "zsh" \
--tab -t "XYZ" -e "zsh -c 'trap \"zsh\" 2; tail -f /var/log/dmesg'"

Or:

gnome-terminal --tab -t "FOO" -e "zsh" \
--tab -t "XYZ" -e "zsh -c 'trap \"zsh\" SIGINT; tail -f /var/log/dmesg'"

It looks like you're running this from sh. Some side notes:

zsh in your installation is in /bin (hence in path) already, so all you need to spawn a zsh shell is zsh;
zsh runs interactively by default, so probably all you need to spawn an interactive zsh shell is to run zsh;
zsh is smart enough to read pwd by default, so probably all you need to spawn an interactive zsh shell in the same working directory of your sh instance is to run zsh;

The problem, as you thought, is the SIGINT signal, which is propagated to all the processes in the same process group of the process receiving the signal.

Using trap 'zsh' 2 / trap 'zsh' SIGINT the current zsh instance is set to spawn another zsh instance upon the reception of a SIGINT signal, which bypasses the problem.

You may also make the zsh instance "immune" to multiple signals by listing them space-separated in the arguments:

trap 'zsh' 1 2 3 [...]

Or:

trap 'zsh' SIGHUP SIGINT SIGQUIT [...]

You can print an ordered list all of all available signals by running kill -l:

% kill -l
HUP INT QUIT ILL TRAP ABRT BUS FPE KILL USR1 SEGV USR2 PIPE ALRM TERM STKFLT CHLD CONT STOP TSTP TTIN TTOU URG XCPU XFSZ VTALRM PROF WINCH POLL PWR SYS


Who are incidents really reported to, and how can a sudo user access the reports?

The Title of the image might give us a clue:

  He sees you when you're sleeping, he knows when you're awake, he's copied on /var/spool/mail/root, so be good for goodness' sake.

What does /var/spool/mail/root contain? Uhh, for me nothing as a normal user:

cat: /var/spool/mail/root: No such file or directory

And the same with sudo. For me, there is no /var/spool/mail/root

It turns out, Ubuntu is different - by default root's mail goes to /dev/null, or the black hole in your computer.

To find our logs, we need to look in

/var/log/auth.log

And lo and behold, a sudo cat gives us this line:

Jun 25 22:45:07 Hairy14 sudo:  nonsudo : user NOT in sudoers ; TTY=pts/21 ; PWD=/home/tim ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/hello

Note that sometimes (e.g. if your account has no password, is disabled) it will simply not let you run the command - but it will still be reported in the same way:

Jun 25 22:44:17 Hairy14 sudo:  nonsudo : user NOT in sudoers ; TTY=pts/21 ; PWD=/home/tim ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/hello

Note that there is a lot of other text along with the "naughty" reports. You may need to grep.


iptables presale me to ssh access or calling methods remotely

Usually the iptables rules are loaded up by using iptables-restore on a specific file in /etc.  So if you can figure out what that file is named, you can manually invoke iptables-save and write out your good rules to that file.  Then on next boot it will use your modified rules instead of what used to be in there.

I'm guessing the location is /etc/iptables.rules, but to find yours grep -R iptables-restore /etc/init.d/.

Once you know that file, you can modify your live rule set and then save a good set with the following command as root:

iptables-save > /etc/iptables.rules

Or, as a normal user via sudo:

iptables-save | sudo tee -a /etc/iptables.rules

You may even want to save off the current rules to a file, edit the file by hand, and then reload from this file.  For example:

sudo iptables-save > edited-rules
vim edited-rules #or whatever editor, gedit?
sudo iptables-resore < edited-rules

However you do it, be sure that when you are done, you save the new ruleset to whatever the file is in etc (again, probably /etc/iptables.rules)


You don't necessarily have to "install" slick2d per se, it's mostly just a matter of including the files in your project, and setting it up to use them correctly.

The tricky thing about Slick2D is that it uses native libraries in order to use your video hardware - you have to tell java where to find the native libraries.  Take a look at the directory structure and the run script of my pet project:  https://bitbucket.org/willismichael/terra-incognita - It's mostly written in Clojure, but it should give you an idea of what you need.

You'll see that I have all of the java libraries (jars) directly inside the lib folder.  Also in that folder is another folder called native, which contains three folders: linux, macosx, and windows.  Each of these has the native libraries for the corresponding OS.  Then, in the root folder of the project I have run.bat for Windows users, and run.sh for Mac and Linux.

In run.sh, you'll see a parameter passed to java called -Djava.library.path that points to the folder with the native libraries.  You'll also notice that the classpath includes both slick.jar and lwjgl.jar, both of which are required to run a slick app.

If you only want to run on Linux, you don't even have to get as complicated as I did, all you have to do is include the linux natives, and hardwire your startup script to include them.

If you're lauching your project from an IDE like Eclipse or Netbeans or something, you'll have to figure out how to tell the IDE about the native libs.


If you're using OpenVPN on a desktop/laptop, I strongly suggest you use NetworkManager to control your VPN. It can pass through the right DNS information to the DNS backend (dnsmasq or systemd-resolved, depending on your release of Ubuntu), and it can do the right thing to bring up the VPN automatically on some interfaces, deal better with loss of connection, having to ask for credentials again, etc.

netplan does not have any special VPN support. Setting up a tun interface in an "ethernets:" stanza is likely not what you want, as will not create tun interfaces, and might in fact interfere with that OpenVPN might do to the interface; but if you really want to use it, you do need to roll your own vpn-up/vpn-down scripts triggered by openvpn to run 'netplan apply' with the right configuration files available in /etc/netplan.


To install Ubuntu 12.04, first download the ISO file from Here You can get either the 32bit or 64bit, and that depends on you system's processor.

To dual boot Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows OS first make sure that one of your drives is empty, or in your case have an empty partition.  When you get to the installation type screen, in order to dual boot Ubuntu 12.04 select the option ” Something else”.

Select the drive that shows the free space, and click on New Partition Table option.

After clicking on it, a window will come up asking you to define the partition size.  Choose the desired size, a window swill come up telling you that you have selected whole drive, just click continue.

In the “Use as” option select “Ext4 journalling file system”. This is the latest file system in Linux and select mount point as “/“. Press OK.

Click on add, to add a swap area.

Once that's finished you may click on “Install Now”.

If more help is needed  to accomplish you task of installing Ubuntu along side Windows XP, I would suggest that you take a look at Windows Dual Boot.

this example uses an 8GB hard Drive you hard drive size may vary


As described on zmalltalker.com you have to create a systemd service.

Create a file e.g. /usr/lib/systemd/system/thinkfan.service with the following content:

[Unit]
Description=simple and lightweight fan control program

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/thinkfan -q -n

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

and enable and start the service with

sudo systemctl enable thinkfan.service
sudo systemctl start thinkfan.service


Remove all non-numbers characters from filename

Substitute/remove all non-digit up to the last dot.
$ rename -n 's/[^0-9](?![^.]*$)//g' *[0-9]*.txt

Remove -n then you feel safe to  take action.


Wifi, Ethernet, Bluetooth no longer available

Thanks for all of your answers, much appreciated. So I have figured this out, it seems that it was related to linux-image-extra-4.4.0-43-generic or 4.4.0-43.63.

I did what @Jeremy31 suggested, and then chose to boot into linux-image-extra-4.4.0-42-generic. I then did a system update, which seems to have transitioned to the next (or different) image increment, namely 4.4.0.43.45, and everything seems to work again, so it looks like the issue is related to the specific update version.


(16.04.2) Wireless Periodically Stops Working (Intel 8260)

There is a reported (in comment) solution in this question which indicates that setting a few options in iwlwifi seem to fix several issues.

Try:

sudo modprobe -r iwlwifi && sudo modprobe iwlwifi bt_coex_active=0 11n_disable=8

If this works, you can add the options to the config file with

sudo -i
echo "options iwlwifi bt_coex_active=0 11n_disable=8"  >>  /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
exit


My computer halts for short times intermittently. Is it related to my fan making a lot of noise?

It's probably a hardware problem, not a software problem, and the two problems in your question are probably related.

When a computer fan gets old it wears out and the fan blades aren't mounted snugly on the bearings. This causes the fan to make noise and friction causes the fan to slow down, sometimes to less than half of its normal operating speed. The fan has to run more of the time to compensate and makes more noise. In addition, it can cause the processor to overheat, especially when the processor is working hard starting up the operating system.

When you took the computer to the computer repair store, they diagnosed the intermittent hanging and the fan noise as being caused by a worn-out fan, which was a reasonable diagnosis, and so they replaced the fan, hoping to solve both problems, but the problem still remains unsolved.

Since overheating can also cause intermittent hanging and excessive fan noise, plan B would be to check the aluminum heat sink on top of the CPU to determine if it is so clogged up with dust and debris as to be unable to effectively circulate hot air away from the processor. If necessary replace the aluminum heat sink or at least have it disassembled from on top of the processor, have it properly cleaned, remove the old thermal paste, apply new thermal paste and remount the heat sink on top of the processor. This painstakingly complicated procedure would normally be a job for a computer repair store, and it's easy to break something if you don't know what you're doing. Despite its being complicated, it doesn't take much time for an experienced technician to properly do it. Depending on the circumstances, it could even be done while you waited in the store.

Circumstances being what they are with ordering computer parts, it may or may not be possible for the computer repair store to order a new aluminum cooling block for your laptop if you decide to go that route. The new aluminum cooling block normally comes with the fan securely mounted on top, eliminating the possibility of noise and overheating being caused by a bad job at mounting a new unmatched fan on top of an old cooling block. If the fan is not securely mounted on top of the aluminum heat sink, then it will vibrate and make noise, and the processor will overheat.

I obviously don't know for sure if the aluminum cooling block is clogged up with dust, but at least it's something to check. Another thing to check is the processor temperature. Psensor is a graphical application for monitoring hardware sensors, including CPU temperatures, GPU temperatures and fan speeds. If the speed of a fan is slower than normal and that fan is spinning all the time, this is a good indication that the fan is starting to wear out due to friction on the bearings.

You can install Psensor with the command sudo apt install psensor.


Touchpad scrolling not working in Asus r558u (Ubuntu 15.10)

Same problem and same pointing device on Asus X555UB. I can confirm the touchpad working with last live 16.04, so I installed those kernel drivers (4.4.5-040405-generic in my case) on my xubuntu 14.04. No problem arisen so far.
Here's one of many links describing how to update:
http://www.yourownlinux.com/2016/03/how-to-install-linux-kernel-4-4-5-in-linux.html


more than 10 viewports on compiz on ubuntu 14.04

I found a work around that allows me to go to the last 2 desktops. And that is to use the wmctrl command and map them using
general -> commands -> command line 1 and 2.

Desktop 11:

wmctrl -o 7680,2400

Desktop 12:

wmctrl -o 11520,2400

I have a screen resolution of 3840x1200 (since i use 2 monitors with 1920x1200 resolution)


unity top menu keyboard shortcuts for desktop alone, no programs running: Unity 2D vs 3D

Correct me if that's not what you were after, but for me this does the trick:

Alt F10, followed by
left arrow and right arrow, respectively,

which will let you roam all of the "top bar" to your heart's full content!

~.~.~

ps:

you can configure these shortcuts in the usual places ("keyboard" and "CCSM" (which is not installed by default for a good reason)).

Notice also Shift F10 for accessing the context menu (in case you want to use the context-menu key for sth else, etc).

btw: I think you could condense your question a bit and make it more clear n readable: Though I'm happy to try n help, I'm having to guess what you're actually trying to ask...


update-alternatives: error: alternative link /usr/share/java/clojure.jar is already managed by clojure

Well, I used:

update-alternatives --remove

to remove all its settings for name clojure. After that I could reinstall without trouble, or at least no more error messages. I guess installing libclojure-java with apt should have some flag for overrunning the existing definitions though, which would have been more elegant.


HDMI Slow | Ubuntu 20.10 | Dell Precision M4600

After installing different drivers with limited success, I think it has something to do with Nvidia. I officially give up. I'm gonna put Windows back on this computer and sell it.


fdisk -l shows 16 ram disks /dev/ram0 ... /ram15

This is perfectly normal on Linux systems. It's kind of a preparatory action for the case that the RAM disks should be required. Each of them has a size of 64 MiB, a very low value. If necessary, the size will be increased automatically.

Why suddenly 16 RAM disks are available in Wily, can be explained only with difficulty.

I have tested the default RAM disks on:

CentOS 7 – No RAM disks
Fedora 23 – No RAM disks
Ubuntu 14.04 – No RAM disks
Raspbian Jessie – 16 RAM disks (4MiB)

Source

  The RAM disk driver is a way to use main system memory as a block device.  It
  is required for initrd, an initial filesystem used if you need to load modules
  in order to access the root filesystem (see Documentation/initrd.txt).  It can
  also be used for a temporary filesystem for crypto work, since the contents
  are erased on reboot.

  The RAM disk dynamically grows as more space is required. It does this by using
  RAM from the buffer cache. The driver marks the buffers it is using as dirty
  so that the VM subsystem does not try to reclaim them later.

  The RAM disk supports up to 16 RAM disks by default, and can be reconfigured
  to support an unlimited number of RAM disks (at your own risk).  Just change
  the configuration symbol BLK_DEV_RAM_COUNT in the Block drivers config menu
  and (re)build the kernel.


Screen doesn't turn back on after resume on a Lenovo Thinkpad T420

As Dirk suggested, I'm adding the solution as an answer:

I might have found a fix for this by accident. I was reading about extending my battery life and it turned out the package "laptop-mode-tools" wasn't installed. The package doesn't work out-of-the-box on my notebook, but I found this: Unhandled kernel version error when trying to install laptop-mode-tools
Since I installed this package, the problem seems to be gone.


LOL, Morbius1's suggestion helped me in my case:
sudo ufw disable

I didn't think it was a firewall issue because the firewall shows Samba was added to the application list. This then reminded me that I did also read somewhere that Windows uses a different port than the usual to access Samba. Despite having read that, I didn't bother to dig deeper to see what ports were actually included with the Samba rule facepalm.


Normally it is shown as:

 (for disconnected wireless connection);
 (for active wireless connection);
 (for active Ethernet connection);

Try to reset appearance of mate-panel with mate-tweak (installable with sudo apt-get install mate-tweak):

Go to Interface section
In Panels under Select a panel layout to change the user interface select Ubuntu MATE
If you have checked Enable indicators in Panel Features you can toggle it.

If it does not show you may try to kill and relaunch it with:

killall nm-applet
nm-applet &

This icon has drop-down menu. You can click on this icon and select Edit Connections... option, it should open Network Connections window.

If can't find this icon you could try to open Network Connections window with
nm-connection-editor command from terminal (accessed with CtrlAltT). And try to add VPN connection here.

For VPN support usually you need to install OpenVPN with:

sudo apt-get install network-manager-openvpn network-manager-openvpn-gnome
sudo service network-manager restart

You can follow PureVPN guides:

Setup your Linux system through MATE Desktop Environment
OpenVPN Configuration Guide for Linux/Ubuntu Version 16


Simple and easy:

seq BEGIN STEP END

example:

seq 0.0 0.1 2.0

or (default +1)

for i in `seq 1 30`; do echo student$i; done


Since you don't have Grub

Go for a system test first. Go to Applications -> System Tools -> Administration -> System Testing and put your password when asked. Reply with result here or you may be solve the problem by yourself! :)

If you have enabled preload, disable it and run from the terminal:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get clean


How can I backup/restore Opera browser bookmarks?

One method is to use an extension for exporting the bookmarks, such as this one (sidebar extension): https://addons.opera.com/extensions/details/v7-bookmarks/. It will create an HTML file which should work with other browsers too.
Then you can import bookmarks from here: opera://settings/importData (Select "From: Bookmarks HTML file").

Another method is to do it manually, by going to ~/.config/opera, and copy the file "Bookmarks", and later restore it.


What happened to package hardening-includes in Ubuntu 17.04

You can always find what happened to a package by looking at its publishing history on Launchpad:

  Removal requested on 2016-10-19.
  Deleted on 2016-10-19 by Matthias Klose
  lp: #1620313: remove hardening-wrapper in zesty

And bug 1620313 says:

  stop using hardening-wrapper, obsoleted by recent dpkg-dev

So, it's apparently obsolete.


Today:
Use:
until ssh ubuntu@1.2.3.4 ; do sleep 0.25; done

to ssh into the server the moment it becomes available.
The past:
The earliest source code of the GNU inetutils I could find that contained ping is:
2001-06-13  Sergey Poznyakoff
    * ping.c: implemented
    * ping_address.c, ping_echo.c, ping_impl.h, ping_router.c,
      ping_timestamp.c: added to repository.

and that did not contain the -o parameter...  So we can safely conclude that this option did not exist in 2001 and as Warty Warthog was released in 2004 we can prove beyond any doubt  that this option never existed in Ubuntu.
;-)


Performance issues. modesetting vs xf86-video-intel

Why is a driver that has not been updated since 2014 running faster
  than the one that is active?

Probably system engineers that do deep debugging and comparison of the code could come up with an answer here. This is open source software. Different teams are working on different approaches. Apparently, the kernel developers did not yet get the modeset intel drivers, at least in some aspects, to the level of the older xorg drivers. Unless you can help as a developer yourself, your only option will be to wait.

The nomodeset kernel drivers get better with each kernel update. When I first installed Ubuntu 19.10, it defaulted to the modeset drivers. However, I had to move to the xorg drivers because I had intermittent graphical glitches (colored stripes, sometimes even the entire screen) with the kernel driver. Now, a few kernel versions further, I am again on the nomodeset driver and the issues are gone (except for an extremely small glitch when changing volume or brightness on full screen youtube video). But then, I am not a gamer or a user of other apps with very high graphics requirements, so I would not notice any possible fault in high-level graphics performance.


What are the device numbers reported by lsof?

In this case, each of these is the inode number of the corresponding socket. You have listed open TCP sockets, and sockets are identified by their inode number. You can see the same numbers if you do ls -l /proc/<pid>/fd or ls -Lli /proc/<pid>/fd (in this case, <pid> is 4011). You can use the inode number when looking for information about that socket (e.g., in /proc/net/tcp or the ss command).


How to copy/paste a table from LibreOffice Writer TO LibreOffice Calc

The following worked for me:

(1) Go to the document and click somewhere in the table. Then go to top menu item "Table", "Select", "Table". This selects the entire table. Right-click to get a pop up menu and select "Copy".

(2) Then go to your spreadsheet. Click in a cell. Right-click to get a pop up menu and select "Paste". Now all the data appears in the spreadsheet.
However, the formatting is lost, such as settings for border line thickness and so on.


How to make user created software and folder searchable by Unity?

You can bookmark the folder you want searchable via Nautilus. Just open Nautilus, select your folder and press Ctrl+D or go to Bookmarks > Add Bookmark in the menu. It should then appear under Favorite Folders along with the defaults in Unity's file search, and the files within it should also become searchable.


Regional language not working on google chrome only

PLease follow these instructions to set Keyboard in Chorome

  Wrench Icon > Options > Under the Hood > Change font and language
  setting (under Web Content) > Languages(Tab) > Do these settings:

1. Add > malayalam > OK
2. Click on malayalam and move it up.

There is no Malayalam spell check by default, however you can install an extension from the chrome web store, just search for Malayalam Dictionary or click here this might help ?

Or with some more reserch I found this

  To add a new language and dictionary to Chrome, do the following:

  Load chrome://settings/languages directly in the web browser by
  pasting it into the address bar and hitting enter afterwards.

  Or click on the Hamburger button located on the top right, select
  Settings, then Show advanced settings, and there language and input
  settings.

  The languages menu displays all installed languages. You can only
  install spell checking support for languages that are installed in the
  browser, so click on add first on the screen to add another language
  to Chrome.


bookworm Installation fails with “unmet dependencies” Error

I contacted the developer behind ppa:bookworm-team/bookworm, but apparently he doesn't maintain bookworm anymore. Instead he pointed me to ppa:bablu-boy/bookworm-daily, where the software is availabe in a maintained state.

To deinstall (traces of) the old program and remove the faulty PPA, follow these steps:

deinstall the program

sudo apt remove bookworm

remove the old PPA

sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:bookworm-team/bookworm

To add the new PPA and install the program, do:

add the new PPA

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bablu-boy/bookworm-daily

update the package sources

sudo apt update

install bookworm

sudo apt install bookworm


Unable to get execute bit on Samba share working with Windows 7 client

In the [global] section of your /etc/samba/smb.conf add the following lines:

[global]

usershare owner only = false
unix extensions = no
follow symlinks = yes
wide links = yes

ntlm auth = no
lanman auth = no
client ntlmv2 auth = yes

Also, check the way the NTFS partitions are mounted in the /etc/fstab file.  I had to add default 0 0 to the end of my NTFS mounts, that way it opened up all the permissions for the files to be accessible.  I put an example of how my mounts are.

UUID=0A485DBF485DAA69 /media/500GB ntfs default 0 0
UUID=6AAA4323AA42EB61 /media/SGUSB ntfs default 0 0

Hopefully this helps.

EDIT:
I totally forgot this one was still open, and I missed something.  As it turns out, this is a bug, and can be remedied by the following lines:

Workaround:

-- /etc/samba/local.conf
[global]
  acl allow execute always = True
--

Information can be found in the bug report here.


Is there a way to make Ubuntu "forget" a network connection?

In Ubuntu, take a look at the following folder: /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/.

The files in here should contain the network connections' settings Network Manager has saved: network card used to connect to the network, SSID name, wireless key/passphrase, IP configuration method, etc.

Of course, the files can only be read as root. Using your normal account, you cannot open the files and read the settings.

The files cannot be deleted by another user than root. To delete a settings file, an administrator would execute the following commands in a terminal:

cd /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections
rm <filename>

where <filename> would be replaced by the actual filename. To delete all the settings files in one time, an administrator would use the * joker as the filename.


TAB press for auto-complete does not work for some service names

The tab completion for service looks foe files in /etc/init.d. Since there is no network-manager file there, the tab completion fails. A better question is why service network-manager works at all.

According to the service man page:

   The  SCRIPT  parameter  specifies  a  System  V init script, located in
   /etc/init.d/SCRIPT, or the name of an upstart  job  in  /etc/init.

So, since there is a /etc/init/network-manager.conf file, service can query it, but there is no autocompletion because there is no script of that name in /etc/init.d.

A simple workaround would be to create an empty file called network-manager in /etc/init.d:

sudo touch /etc/init.d/network-manager

Once you've done that, you can tab-complete the name as expected. I tested this in a VM and it seemed to work fine, the service network-manager start|stop|restart|status commands all worked and nothing seemed to be broken. I assume that means that the empty file is ignored and only used for the completion, so it looks like this is safe.


How do I install midi controller drivers and Traktor Pro software?

You can't install the Windows drivers. And you can't install Traktor Pro windows version on Linux. What you can try is mixxx.org, a free DJ program, much like Traktor.


You do not need to download Synaptic.

Use Ubuntu Software Center to install Synaptic or any other software.

If there is a reason why you do not want to use USC, just run in terminal

sudo apt-get install synaptic

But as soon as you already tried to install a correct version of Synaptic, you can fix the dependency problem by running

sudo apt-get install -f

That will download and install the needed packages.


Is there a GUI for configuring the Radeon Open Source Drivers and Mesa 3D similar to Catalyst Control Center?

There are a few GUI tools available to control and monitor AMD open-source graphics under Linux but none of them are as easy to use or install as AMD's CCC:

DriConf - GUI for controlling the direct rendering settings (OpenGL) of all open-source drivers. Pretty hard to use and hasn't been updated since 2006. Phoronix has an overview and comparison to AMD's CCC.

DriConf can be found in the 'universe' repository of Ubuntu and can be downloaded from the Software Center:

radeon-profile - control power and clock settings on recent kernels (relies on new radeon dynamic power management). Documentation and support may be found in this Phoronix thread

Unfortunately there aren't packages/PPAs available for radeon-profile. You will have to compile it manually.


gtk-recordmydesktop

Adds an easy to use graphical icon on the GNOME toolbar to make a pleasure use and configure the audio and video capture and screencast application recordMyDesktop.

As mentioned at 20.04: Can't install gtk-recordmydesktop and on the package search, the package is not available on the main repository anymore, and sudo apt install gtk-recordmydesktop fails. I'm not sure why the http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/gtk-recordmydesktop link seems to work, maybe it installs an older version. But this indicates that the software is not being actively supported.
recordmydesktop
This is the non-GUI backend of recordmydesktop, and it is still available in 20.04:
sudo apt install recordmydesktop
recordmydesktop --on-the-fly-encoding

This will record until you stop the program on the terminal e.g. with Ctrl + C.
--on-the-fly-encoding encodes the output immediately; without it you need to wait for a possibly long time at the end for the encoding to be done. I haven't seen any significant downsides to that option yet, likely it will just take a bit more of CPU resources, but it is generally worth it.
It should be able to do everything that gtk-recordmydesktop does, but it is a bit harder to learn as you have to deal with the command lines.
You can set a stop recording shortcut e.g. with:
recordmydesktop --stop-shortcut=Control+s

You can select to record a single window as shown at: How can I get the value of Window ID?
recordmydesktop --windowid `xwininfo | grep 'id: 0x' | grep -Eo '0x[a-z0-9]+'`

This will allow you to first select the window with a mouse click, and it starts recording after you click.
How to record sound output with it: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/3490/how-can-i-record-the-sound-output-with-gtk-recordmydesktop
xvidcap (no longer maintained, package is no longer available)

A screen capture enabling you to capture videos off your X-Window desktop for illustration or documentation purposes. It is intended to be a standards-based alternative to tools like Lotus ScreenCam.
Video can be saved in MPEG or AVI files format.


Answer copied from here

 $ chmod o+w /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

Brightness levels are running from 0 - 9.

 $ echo 5 > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness


How to enable hardware acceleration of video decoding in mplayer with Intel HD3000 on Vivid?

OK, I found mpv (a fork of mplayer) which does everything I wanted and carried all the good UI qualities from mplayer2.

To enable vaapi support, run it with mpv --vo=opengl-hq --hwdec=vaapi file.mkv

or add

vo=opengl-hq
hwdec=vaapi

to  ~/.config/mpv/mpv.conf.

Previously the answer suggested using vo=vaapi and hwdec=vaapi but this is not a recommended setup anymore. See comments.


How do I use ubuntu-device-flash with the BQ Aquaris E4.5 and Aquaris E5

For production Ubuntu Phone devices, adb has been disabled in recovery, and this affects ubuntu-device-flash operation.

You must supply a recovery image with adb enabled, which ubuntu-device-flash will use temporarily while doing its work:

For BQ Aquaris E4.5 Ubuntu Edition (aka krillin), use recovery-krillin.img
For BQ Aquaris E5 Ubuntu Edition (aka vegetahd), use recovery-vegetahd.img

ubuntu-device-flash can then be supplied with the --recovery-image argument, eg:

ubuntu-device-flash touch --channel ubuntu-touch/stable/bq-aquaris.en --bootstrap --recovery-image path/to/downloaded/recovery.img

Note that when the command prompts you with:

Expecting the device to be in the bootloader... waiting

You can put a Aquaris E4.5 and Aquaris E5 in the 'bootloader' by holding down Power + Volume Up for a few seconds, releasing the Power button when the red LED lights as the machine reboots, and then selecting 'fastboot' from the device's boot menu.

unknown flag `recovery-image'

If you get this error, that means you are still using an older version of ubuntu-device-flash. Please install the latest version using the ppa

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:phablet-team/tools
sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get upgrade


create final deb file from multiple deb files

It is possible, but you'll likely run in several issues. First, each package has it's own pre- and post-installation scripts and dependencies in the control file. Even if you make a package provide the contained packages using the Provides field, future upgrades may ruin your God package:

You install your God package which provides a lot packages
One of the packages are being updated, like libpango1.0-0
If you upgrade that package, your God package will be removed. If there are any dependencies on it, apt-get has an unresolvable conflict.

So, it's better not to create a God package, but install each package separately. If you need to install software offline, see How can I install software or packages without Internet (offline)?

How to create a God package (not recommended):

Create a temporary directory, e.g. "~/godpackage" and cd into it
Extract each .deb file using dpkg -x filename.deb .
Extract the control, postrm, ..., files using dpkg --control filename.deb tmpdeb. A new directory will be created, named tmpdeb. Adjust the control files like changing the name to avoid conflicts later. When done, move / merge the tmpdeb directory with the DEBIAN directory (create if needed). Repeat it for each deb file
Go away from the directory: cd ..
Create the new debfile from ~/godpackage and store the newly created .deb file in the current directory: dpkg-deb --build ~/godpackage .


Ubuntu 12.04 Apache 2 - Inline CSS working but external CSS not working

I also had faced the same problem but I got a solution. The solution is:

<link href="./css/stylesheet.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />

Note that the "." before "/css" is indicating the current working directory on Ubuntu. I hope this will help you.


How to change the hibernate and suspend settings at a system-wide level in Xfce?

Often for multi-user systems or for special purposes, Xfce kiosk mode is used so that you can disable all shutdown options for users such as hibernate and suspend. I am running Xubuntu 12.04, but with the ppas for Xfce 4.10 and 4.12. I think there were some issues with kiosk mode a while ago, but it seems to work again now, at least in my tests (see the before and after screenshots below).

Kiosk mode does not need any additional downloads or installations, but will only take effect if you have /etc/xdg/xfce4/kiosk/kioskrc, so first run

sudo mkdir /etc/xdg/xfce4/kiosk
sudo touch /etc/xdg/xfce4/kiosk/kioskrc

There can be several sections of the kioskrc file, but we will concentrate on xfce4-session, as those are the settings you require. The official documentation is useful in explaining the options available for xfce4-session, but below is an example of the possible content of the xfce4-session part of /etc/xdg/xfce4/kiosk/kioskrc. This would give you a really strict kiosk mode that would leave non-administrative users without any ability to shutdown the machine (or use suspend/hibernate) using the menus or via commands in terminal, although they could still logout. You may not want to use these settings, this is just an example (see below for further explanation):

[xfce4-session]
CustomizeSplash=NONE
CustomizeChooser=NONE
CustomizeLogout=NONE
CustomizeCompatibility=NONE
Shutdown=NONE
CustomizeSecurity=NONE

In place of Shutdown=NONE and other settings, you could very reasonably specify your own main user (e.g. Shutdown=mike), so only you still have the ability to suspend/shutdown using the menu (without resorting to using sudo with command-line shutdown equivalents), but it depends on your purposes. If you want to specify groups use %groupname, and for users just specify username; the settings ALL and NONE are self explanatory.

Open the kioskrc with your text editor:

sudo nano /etc/xdg/xfce4/kiosk/kioskrc

Then copy the above block of settings for xfce4-session, making sure that you alter the values to suit your purposes. Then save the file, logout and login again with your user or another user to test the settings.

My example of 'before and after' with the strictest kiosk mode settings, which will apply to all users:

a) Before with normal Xfce settings, running as user mike:

b) After, with kiosk mode and strict settings enabled, running as user mike:

For more information, please see the Xfce documentation.


How to have a video player resume from where I last left off?

If you have Zeitgeist daemon running on your system, it should save some helpful info to ~/.local/share/recently-used.xbel file. Zeitgeist monitors access to files on disk, so it should know your most recently played video file. Unfortunately the files are not sorted by file access, but the database contains that information too, so you can grep all data you need and then look for most recently file in a loop.

I just wrote a Bash script to find the most recently played file with "video/*" MIME type and play it using SMPlayer (but you can use any video player, of course).

#!/bin/bash

date_recent=""
file_name=""
# get list of files with MIME type "video/*"
video_files_list=$(grep -B3 "<mime:mime-type type=\"video/" ~/.local/share/recently-used.xbel | grep "modified=")

while read -r line
do
    # extract modification time (last access to file)
    date_line=$(echo "$line" | cut -d'"' -f6)
    if [ "$date_recent" \< "$date_line" ]
    then
        date_recent=$date_line
        file_name=$(echo "$line" | cut -d'"' -f2)
    fi
done <<< "$video_files_list"

# file name is encoded like URL, use Python to decode it
file_name=$(python -c "import sys, urllib as ul; print ul.unquote_plus(\"$file_name\")")

# play video
smplayer "$file_name"

Save it to file, add permission to execute and it should work.


Ubuntu 19.10 Network Manager not working with 5GHz

You can update your system with unsupported packages from this untrusted PPA by adding ppa:vicamo/ppa-1861278 to your system's Software Sources.
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:vicamo/ppa-1861278

sudo apt-get update


If you choose "the whole drive option" when installing Ubuntu on the virtual machine, it will not interfere with partitions on the physical drive of your host.

The guest operating system's "whole drive" will be confined to the virtual disk file, stored on your host in a file with .vdi extension (along with some other configuration files for the virtual machine, by default inside your user home directory VirtualBox VMs subfolder).

By default VirtualBox creates an empty file which will grow as the guest OS writes changes. It is possible to change the settings to allocate full size of the virtual disk at once.

As for the partitioning inside the VM, you should be fine with the defaults suggested by Ubuntu.


What is the gsettings schema for Settings > Universal Access > Sounds Keys

It's the a11y settings.
Specifically it's org.gnome.desktop.a11y.keyboard togglekeys-enable.

Reference to this answer:

https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2424873


The rename command can do that well enough:

# Note, -n flag used for testing only, remove for actual renaming
$ ls
941_P_5191  941_P_5192  941_P_5193  941_P_5194
$ rename -n 's/^(.*)_([0-9]{4})$/$2/'  ./*
./941_P_5191 renamed as 5191
./941_P_5192 renamed as 5192
./941_P_5193 renamed as 5193
./941_P_5194 renamed as 5194

You can also do prefix removal in bash and mv within for loop:

$ for f in ./*; do echo mv "$f" "${f##*_}"; done
mv ./941_P_5191 5191
mv ./941_P_5192 5192
mv ./941_P_5193 5193
mv ./941_P_5194 5194

Note: remove echo for actual renaming to take place


I don't think, that this delete-command will work.
Maybe try to use a direct SSH-Command to delete the file, like:

ssh honza@192.168.80.197 rm -rf /media/zaloha/$DAY3

Sorry, but I can't tell you why the "link-dest"-Argument is not working.


How do I install Mobile Media converter?

You can download Mobile Media Converter from their site. This is a link to their download page for Ubuntu packages. All their source code and bug tracking is done via their LaunchPad page  though it doesn't appear they have a PPA setup yet.


I would like to have a copy of all the partitions of primary drive to a secondary drive

sudo sfdisk -d /dev/sda | sudo sfdisk --force /dev/sdb should fix the ´permission denied'. The 2nd part needs to be with the correct permissions too (the pipe cancels the previous sudo.

The comment about the warning: this warning should only be relevant if you had some old OS installed alongside ubuntu that cares about cylinder boundaries.


Open the preferences, then the Editor->Display Tab. Finally uncheck the long line marker Enabled checkbox:


You need to install kde-cli-tools:

sudo apt-get install kde-cli-tools


Following these steps worked for me (Adobe Reader 9 on Ubuntu 12.0.4 LTS 64 bit):

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y acroread-bin
sudo apt-get install -y acroread

(mostly based on http://www.unixmen.com/install-adobe-reader-9-in-ubuntu/)


Is there a way to force to krunner to run any string in konsole?

As far as I can tell by visiting https://packages.ubuntu.com/disco/jupyter or by running

apt search jupyter | grep lab

"jupyter lab" isn't available in the 19.04 (and even 19.10) repositories.

Anyway, I ran sudo apt install jupyter on Kubuntu 19.04. After that,

I could type just jupyter in krunner

Or I could type jupyter notebook in krunner

Note that I have Command Line to Execute shell commands enabled in krunner. To check that, click on the settings icon on the left in the krunner window. (But that setting is normally the default.)


After install Lubuntu, restart, wont boot up

I had a similar issue with Lubuntu. Found out I had to go into the GRUB editor during boot and changed the video setting. Try this article for a solution:

My computer boots to a black screen, what options do I have to fix it?


Nvidia binary driver backwards compatibiiity?

Well, generally best practice when performing a significant hardware swap is to do a clean installation of the operating system.
That being said, if you're really averse to the idea, you might not have to.
You'll want to purge the existing drivers and their configs, then physically swap out the card, then install the appropriate drivers for the new graphics card.
To avoid issues, you will want to prevent the desktop environment from loading and complete these tasks from a command line environment:

Drop to a root shell prompt from GRUB:

Reboot your computer and from GRUB select "Advanced Options for Ubuntu"
If GRUB does not come up on your system automatically, hit Enter after turning on your device to bring it up (for UEFI systems)

Select a kernel option with "recovery mode".

Toggle "Enable networking", otherwise the file system will be mounted read-only.

Select "Drop to root shell prompt"

Press Enter

Be extremely careful because you are now root.

Update your packages and purge your current NVIDIA driver. (Replace nvidiadriverpackage with the name of the package for your current driver)
 apt update
 apt upgrade
 apt purge nvidiadriverpackage

Purge will remove all dependencies and it will also remove configuration files.  Make sure that you review the output and note if any other packages will be removed as dependencies.

Shutdown your system with shutdown -h now

Physically change out the GPU.

Follow the instructions again from step one to get to a root shell prompt.

Install the recommended driver package for your GPU:
 apt update
 apt install nvidiadriverpackage

reboot.  You can now boot normally.
If this procedure was not successful; fall back to best practice and reinstall the operating system cleanly from external installation media.


I take it that you mean a video player that is controlled from the Terminal, but creates a windows in X11. In that case, you should go with everyones favorite: mplayer.

Install via:

sudo apt-get install mplayer

or search for mplayer in the Ubuntu Software Center


Ubuntu 17.04 installer freezes on boot text right after choosing to install

This problem was a subset of two other problems, here is how I fixed it:

First of all I enabled the BIOS emulation in my UEFI setup, by doing this I could then boot (manually) the USB installer in BIOS mode instead of UEFI mode.

Then I fixed the problem with the GPU by changing the installer settings (up arrow-->choose language-->f6-->nomodeset, during the boot of the installator) and ran the installation.


How can I remove Ubuntu without using live-cd/usb

What you're looking for is not possible: You can't remove the system you're currently running.

To remove Ubuntu, you will need a Windows Recovery CD or Installation CD, or a Ubuntu Live CD or other bootable media.


How to store image of Ubuntu on existing machine and then use it to install on a fleet of machines over local network

Clonezilla offers two different modalities to do that; a Lite Server which sounds like it would do what you want, or the more complex Server Edition.


Ethernet internet cuts out - toggling it off and on fixes it 18.04

cables

Your sudo lshw -C network indicates two things...

size: 100Mbit/s
capacity: 1Gbit/s

Your ethernet has 1Gb capability, but is only running at 100Mb... one tenth speed. This usually means a cable problem. Are you running with cat 5e or cat 6 cables? I could also mean that there are gigabit switches or routers that aren't working properly. Check your cables. Check your network hardware.

driver=r8169

The r8169 driver is kind of flakey. Replace it with the r8168 driver, like so...

sudo apt-get update # update the software database

sudo apt-get install dkms r8168-dkms # install the new driver

reboot # reboot the computer

Update #1:

There's a TP-Link powerline adapter pair that connects the computer to the router/modem.

Install the TP-Link Powerline Utility from the install CD, or download a fresh copy from https://www.tp-link.com.

Download the latest firmware for your PL adapters from https://www.tp-link.com.

Upgrade your TP-Link PL adapter firmware using instructions from https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/405/

Update #2:

No US firmware updates are available for the TP-Link powerline set.

Update #3:

Temporarily removed the PowerLine adapters and ran an ethernet cable directly from the computer to the router. It seems to be working fine now. Suspect PL problem.


Why won't Banshee import most of my music collection from Rythmbox after upgrade to Ubuntu 11.04?

Banshee currently uses a file extension whitelist to determine which files it can import. This is much faster because Banshee only has to look at the filename, rather than open each file and read the mime type information.  It's been generally agreed that files without an extension should probably be checked to see if they can be imported.  There's a bug report open for this issue, but unfortunately it wasn't fixed in time for Natty.

In your case I'd recommend writing a script to add a filename to the end of all of your files (as I understand it, it wouldn't even have to be accurate -- just something Banshee would accept, such as .mp3), or you'll need to wait until Banshee can open files without an extension.  Hopefully this will happen by Banshee's 2.2 release in September.


12.04 64bit detects 7.7 GB Of RAM Out Of 8 GB

so the problem is that all things are working fine but Ubuntu detects only 7.7 GB of ram

Your laptop (Dell N5110) uses Intel integrated graphics (HD Graphics 2000), and this uses some amount of your RAM as "Graphics Memory". Compare to a dedicated graphics/video card which has its own onboard RAM. Even if your laptop has a dedicated ATI/NVidia card, the laptop is usually set by default to automatically "switch" between the two (Nvidia calls this Optimus), and that means that the integrated Intel graphics will reserve memory even if you aren't using them.

Windows includes the reserved video RAM in its count, while Ubuntu doesn't. You can't use this reserved RAM in either OS, in any case.

Your BIOS should let you set a specific value for the amount to be reserved, instead of automatic -- I recommend you pick at least 128MB. Then Ubuntu will show the remainder (8064 MB) as available and usable. Alternately, if you wish to only use the discrete (Nvidia/ATI) card, you can also select that as an option in the BIOS, disabling Intel graphics completely, which should give you access to all of your RAM (warning: this may decrease battery life).


After having a very fruitful conversation on the btrfs IRC channel, we were able to get this fixed. The solution, as I understand it, was to:

1. Remount the root (top-level) subvolume to a new mount point (this moves it out of the working directories)

mount -o subvol=/ /dev/sda6 /mnt/

2. Delete the snapshot

btrfs subvolume delete /home/mlissner/.Private/ECRYPTFS_FNEK_ENCRYPTED.FWa8iOdaTukmNEROkGj4b5OZHZ0bKOqrvAQxu4dgX.2jUELJL22wpV94oU--/ECRYPTFS_FNEK_ENCRYPTED.FWa8iOdaTukmNEROkGj4b5OZHZ0bKOqrvAQxHunTlBS-30iHyukjeY9-EE--/root_post_install_2014-04-29/

3. umount the root subvolume.

umount /mnt


Proper way to mount NAS shares w/o password in fstab?

For a samba/CIFS share, you can use a credentials file storing your username/password like this (domain is optional) :

username=my_username
password=my_password
domain=my_domain

Protected with rights with a chmod 600 (only readable by root)

And in your fstab :

//192.168.0.40/Data     /media/NAS-Data   smbfs     credentials=/path/to/your/credential_file  0  0


How to fix authentication password, when password is rejected?

It could be an issue with the keyboard language as I discovered.  When I input my initial password, the keyboard is ENG (GB), but once the OS loads, the keyboard changes to US keyboard layout.  This means that certain special keys (such as " and @) are switched around.


How do I try the Ubuntu LiveCD inside Windows?

To try Ubuntu within Windows, you can run the LiveCD in a "virtual machine" (or a computer within a computer)
For an optimal experience, your Windows computer should have at least 1.5 GB of RAM.

Steps:

Download and extract the portable (no installation) version of VirtualBox, from the PenDriveLinux.com website -- called Tibo's Virtualbox
Start VirtualBox.exe and you should see this screen:

Click on the Settings icon on top, and go to System in the left sidebar. Set the Base Memory to at least 768 MB for regular Ubuntu, or 256 MB for Lubuntu/Xubuntu. If you have at least 3 GB of memory in your computer, you can set this to 1 GB (1024 MB) for optimal performance.

Now go to Storage in the sidebar, and click on the little yellow folder next to CD/DVD drive:

This opens the Virtual Media Manager. Click Add, and navigate to where you have your Ubuntu LiveCD ISO, and choose it. Finally, click on Select to attach the ISO to the "virtual" CD drive:

Click OK to close Settings, and press the big green arrow to start trying Ubuntu!


Can you install Ubuntu directly to a HDD?

I am not quite sure what is your problem. Can you boot using a live CD at all? If yes, you will discover you have the option to install Ubuntu on your hard disk from the live CD. If you have problems with the live CD and assuming your computer is new enough to boot from a USB stick, you can "burn" the CD image on a USB stick using a program like http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/

In general, if you decide that Ubuntu is your OS choice, you should install it on the HDD. It will run much faster, not to mention that you will have much more freedom.


adding sudo permissions to NIS clienadding sudo permissions to NIS clients

The problem is solved, by simply adding

   d-i     network-console/start   select  continue

to the preseed file, which causes the debian-installer to select the continue button in the start-template of network-console. My final preseed snippet looks like this:

  d-i     preseed/early_command   string  anna-install network-console
  d-i     network-console/password        password test
  d-i     network-console/password-again  password test
  d-i     network-console/start   select  continue
  d-i     netcfg/get_nameservers  string
  d-i     netcfg/get_ipaddress    string
  d-i     netcfg/get_netmask      string 255.255.255.0
  d-i     netcfg/get_gateway      string


Inspiron 5520 (originally ubuntu). Seller had changed to Win7. I want to go UBUNTU. Pls Help

If you are connected to internet via some other adapter wired or wireless, run in terminal

sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

and the internal adapter should work.

Or go to System Settings -> Software & Updates -> Additional Drivers

and install the driver.

Both methods do the same thing.


Newbie and Can't log into Ubuntu after installation

It happened to me as well at one time. I re-booted the system and pressed ESC once, just before getting ready to load Ubuntu. I've seen somewhere they say to press SHIFT, but mine worked with the esc key. I chose Advanced options in the Grub Recovery menu. Chose something related to fixing broken packages. When done, I chose Failsafe mode VGA, then I rebooted. Did that again. Then I chose Normal boot. Once in Ubuntu,I logged in and it would take me back to login again. After the 3rd time it let me in. And then never presented that problem again, not even after rebooting later on.


How do I get Seamless mode working under Oracle VM VirtualBox?

I had to update to VirtualBox 3.2.10 to get the seamless mode back. Alternatively, if you don't want to update, you can just download the updated Guest Additions CD and install the new guest additions and it should work fine.


Good workflow for updating R modules around R-cran updates?

You could add an install.packages() call in your cron script, so that it installs all current packages before it runs the rest of your R cron jobs.

install.packages takes a vector, so you could even keep the file with the packages you want installed elsewhere and then load it automatically in your cron update script.

installed.packages() returns a vector of already-installed packages, so you can use %in% to just call it on packages not yet installed:

desired.packages <- c("plyr","taRifx","ggplot2")
missing.packages <- ! desired.packages %in% installed.packages()[,1]
if( any(missing.packages) ) {
   install.packages( desired.packages[missing.packages] )
}

Edit: Possibly better solution

As per @JoshuaUlrich's suggestion in chat:

Place this in your .Rprofile.

local({
  .libPaths("/home/evilgenius/R/library")
})

Then you should be able to just run update.packages() after Ubuntu wipes everything, and the monarchy will be restored.

This solution requires greater caution that packages that don't work with the current version of R aren't carried along.


I was logged in to Ubuntu on Wayland which didn't have DPMS enabled or installed. Just logged in to regular Ubuntu and everything worked.

@Terrance did come up with a solution though: sudo apt install libxcb-dpms0*


I can't access windows 7 dual boot with 12.04

It seems I somehow did wipe out the Windows install. I eventually re-partitioned and reinstalled Windows. Now running 14.04 and Win 7, with Win 10 on the way. We will see how that upgrade goes.


The ls -al command is a combination of ls -l (use a long listing format) and ls -a (do not ignore entries starting with .)

The result is a long list (the ls -l part) with (from left to right):

filetype
file permissions
number of links
owner name
owner group
file size
time of last modification
the name of the file or directory

while the ls -a means that hidden files are listed as well.

see also man ls (as always man is the first source of information), and this link.

A little more explanation on what you see

The output starts with the number of disc blocks, used by the directory (in your case 76). From the GNU docs:

  For each directory that is listed, preface the files with a line
  ‘total blocks’, where blocks is the total disk allocation for all
  files in that directory. The block size currently defaults to 1024
  bytes, but this can be overridden.

Then:

the first character describes wether it is a directory (d) or a file (-) (or some other file type, see the docs for a complete listing)

File permissions:

the permissions in a nine-character section (3x3 for owner / group / other users)

Links

The number of links is the number of hard links to the file. For a directory, the number of hard links is the number of (immediate) subdirectories plus the parent directory and itself.

Owner

name of the owner
name of the (owner) group

File size

You see many files with the size of 4096, which is the minimum size for a directory on ext3 and ext4.


Normally you would make eth0 a bridge interface, define the virtual interface in VMWare to use that bridge, and then just configure the 209.x.y.z static IP in the guest as normal (i.e. you don't even need to create an alias entry for 209.x.y.z on the host).

So your /etc/network/interfaces on the host would change to something like:

auto br0
iface br0 inet static
  address 69.xxx.xxx.xxx
  network 69.xxx.xxx.0
  netmask 255.255.255.0
  broadcast 69.xxx.xxx.255
  gateway 69.xxx.xxx.1
  bridge_ports eth0
  bridge_fd 2

I'm not sure exactly how you configure VMWare to use br0 though (I use KVM with libvirt myself) but I'm certain it must be possible.


There's a single method of doing copy and paste in an X window system environment (GNOME, KDE .etc), namely Ctrl+C and Ctrl+V.

How this 'copy and paste' works?

The whole scenario involves two parties: client applications and clipboard manager.
their behavior is specified in the freedesktop standard:
1. http://standards.freedesktop.org/clipboards-spec/clipboards-latest.txt
2. http://standards.freedesktop.org/clipboard-extensions-spec/clipboard-extensions-latest.txt
see http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/ClipboardManager for a general introduction.

For the clients, the required code is implemented in toolkits such as GTK and Qt.
the clipboard manager typically is a daemon program. In GNOME, the clipboard manager is a component of gnome-settings-daemon.

At the core of the clipboard implementation is a notion called "Selections" which is a X11-specific concept.

If you want to understand how clipboard works in a Linux environment, you need to learn how to program with low-level toolkit X11 first and get yourself familiar with concepts like Window, Property, Selection, Atom .etc.

You can get started with xclip source code.


Installing Ubuntu 16.04 on Dell Inspiron 5482

if you are in dual boot, you can check in Windows the hard disk partition, and if you don't know any clue about what's going on right now, you can try to see in the internet about your problem or the installation.


It's curious that the installation process won't allow you to install Ubuntu alongside Windows, but it suggest you to install inside it.
First of all, sorry if my question will seem completely idiot, did you start your pc from the live usb? Because wubi invocation seems strange, unless you've started it from windows itself. And ... if instead of using an usb-key, you boot from an ubuntu live CD/DVD? Have you already tried? And it gives you the same answer?

With regard to "other options", why are you so scared? Obviously you must pay attention when choosing HDU and partitioning it, but it's not so difficult, imho.

Anyway, my first suggestion is to burn a DVD from Ubuntu ISO and try installing from there: if your pc haven't any dvd burner you probably can ask to your friends for an usb one.

Cheers and merry Christmas!

Silvia


Grub not showing up after ubuntu server 20.04 fresh install

With BIOS & gpt partitioned drives, you need a bios_grub partition for grub to correctly install & boot.
You can create the tiny 1 or 2MB unformatted partition with bios_grub flag if using gparted/parted or use code ef02 if using gdisk to create it. It can be anywhere within the first 2TiB of your drive. Do not really know RAID, but you probably need it on both drives. & maybe grub on both drives.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS_boot_partition
http://www.rodsbooks.com/gdisk/


The main difference is as follows :

gksudo : is used to run graphical (GUI) applications as root
sudo   : is used to run command line applications as root

The reason your script won't work with gksudo is because you can't run a GUI without X running.


Problem extracting tar.gz files: You must specify one of the '-Acdtrux', '--delete' or '--test-label' options

Use man tar for more information, the command should be like this :

tar -zxvf espresso-5.2.0.tar.gz

No space between - and zxvf

For more details.


As mentioned in comment

  I deleted the partition that Ubuntu was installed in, redid the
  partitioning, reinstalled the Ubuntu. This time instead of choosing
  the recommended option to "install side by side with windows", I chose
  the third option to do the partition myself.

  Chose /dev/sda for grub-install. The installation was seamless. I
  booted to both windows and linux few times with no difficulty.


Ubuntu Wine - cannot find C:\\windows\\system32?

Run the Configure Wine application from the launcher or open a terminal with CtrlAltT and issue the command winecfg Either way you will get a Configuration Window for Wine. Insure that you are emulating the right version of Windows for your application and that the settings on all the tabs are sane. Drive Mapping Example Below:

Note: In a typical installation of Wine The directory noted in your question can be found at ~/.wine/drive_c/windows/system32 and you can examine the content with the command.
ls ~/.wine/drive_c/windows/system32
You can find the location of the Set-up.exe file in your question with the terminal command find ~/.wine -name Set-up.exe provided it's anywhere close to where it's supposed to be.
On the off chance you've placed it somewhere outside the Wine drive mapping environment you should be able to locate it with the command sudo find / -name Set-up.exe
If anything in this answer is unclear please leave me a comment and I'll do my best to clarify.


Is it possible to use Ash window manager from Chrome OS?

It is possible to run the Aura window manager with Ubuntu thanks, to github user dz0ny.

To install Aura run:

wget https://github.com/downloads/dz0ny/lightdm-login-chromeos/lightdm-login-chromiumos_1.0_amd64.deb

Then:

sudo dpkg -i lightdm-login-chromiumos_1.0_amd64.deb

You can run it standalone mode from the login screen or in windowed mode within Ubuntu using chromeos.

Note:  This only works in the 64 bit (ARM64) version of Ubuntu.

IMPORTANT: Not everything works correctly.  For more information: ChromeOS Ubuntu -Github


Same problem here (started on 11 jan 2018).
Purging and moving back to version 8.9.0.1 helped me.
Previous version repository: https://repo.skype.com/deb/pool/main/s/skypeforlinux/


I have this error " unable to locate package libuhd003"

The package is available since Trusty in the universe repositories.

Upgrade your system to Trusty

sudo update-manager --proposed

Enable the universe repositories

sudo apt-add-repository universe
sudo apt-get update

Install the package

sudo apt-get install libuhd003

An other possibility, you could try to compile the package and the necessary dependencies in Precise.


Why USERGROUPS_ENAB property in /etc/login.defs does not have any effect?

This file takes effect when you are logging into the system and set things up for once.

If you run:

$ grep ^UMASK /etc/login.defs
UMASK       022

You can see that the default UMASK is 022 and if you check its comments you will find out that:

  If USERGROUPS_ENAB is set to "yes", that will modify this UMASK default value for private user groups.

Open a terminal and run:

umask

You should get 002 because of USERGROUPS_ENAB being enabled, otherwise you are overwriting umask's value somewhere else like:

.bashrc
.profile
/etc/profile
/etc/bash.bashrc


I would suggest you to install Tor using the method described by the Tor Project instead of the method which you've used:

Navigate to the Tor Browser download page.

Download the GNU/Linux .tar.xz file

(Recommended) Verify the file's signature.

When the download is complete, extract the archive with the command tar -xf [TB archive] or by using an archive manager.

You'll need to tell your GNU/Linux that you want the ability to execute shell scripts from the graphical interface. Navigate to the
newly extracted Tor Browser directory. Right click on
start-tor-browser.desktop, open Properties or Preferences and change
the permission to allow executing file as program. Double-click the
icon to start up Tor Browser for the first time.

Alternatively, from inside the Tor Browser directory, you can also start from the command line by running:
./start-tor-browser.desktop

For more information, you can visit their website: https://tb-manual.torproject.org/


Mounting NFS directory causes creating Zero byte files

Thanks All,
i have found the problem.
i should install the following packages on server Y in order to get imagecahe working fine:

advpng
optipng
jpegtran
jfifremove


You probably were trying to still click on "Install" but what you have to do is just click on the "Filename" to download the appropiate package and install it. To make it easier for you, these are the links copied from their ocs-url download page:

ubuntu: https://dl.opendesktop.org/api/files/download/id/1488740853/ocs-url_3.0.0-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb

OpenSuse: https://dl.opendesktop.org/api/files/download/id/1489367751/ocs-url-3.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm

archlinux: https://dl.opendesktop.org/api/files/download/id/1488740879/ocs-url-3.0.0-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz

Fedora: https://dl.opendesktop.org/api/files/download/id/1488740868/ocs-url-3.0.0-1.fc20.x86_64.rpm


You need to rebuild the master boot record aka, MBR.  Follow the instructions here:

http://www.thewindowsclub.com/repair-master-boot-record-mbr-windows

Also check this out, there is a free edition.

http://neosmart.net/EasyBCD/


How to manage partitions after uninstalling windows

Since you have a smallish hard disk, I wouldn't recommend a separate partition for /home, and especially just to run Virtualbox.

It would be more interesting to make /sda1 your primary and only Ubuntu partition. I believe that in gparted you can copy/paste entire partitions, so you could copy /sda8 and paste it into /sda1. Once done, I don't know if you'd have to manually delete /sda8, or if gparted would take care of that. Then use unallocated space where /sda8 was, to grow one/both of your ntfs partitions. You'd have to update your /etc/fstab and grub.

Something to think about. Comments from others about this idea? Cheers, Al


SoundWire Server application does not launch

This question was asked pretty long ago. But still providing an answer for those who have this issue.

You need to install pavucontrol and libportaudio2 packages.

sudo apt install pavucontrol libportaudio2

If it still doesn't work, try launching the app from terminal to know more details as to what causes the application to not launch. If there's any missing package install it.


No HW detection installing Ubuntu 14.04 from liveUSB

I have had better experience when I shrink the boot partition in gparted rather that create a partition for Linux. Once you shrink it, another partition will be created yet remember to make it at least 6.4 GB big. Reboot with live Ubuntu 14 and choose "install Ubuntu". It should then say, "we found you have another OS, would you like to install Ubuntu as well?" Hit "yes" and it should install Ubuntu.


Wireless not detected on a Dell 5720 witha Broadcom BCM 43142?

I had the same problem and have managed to solve it with help on this forum !
I've Ubuntu 12.10 64bit on my Dell Inspiron 5520.
My chipset is

$ lspci -vvnn | grep 14e4
08:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Corporation BCM43142 802.11b/g/n [14e4:4365] (rev 01)

download this file: http://jas.gemnetworks.com/debian/pool/main/w/wireless-bcm43142/wireless-bcm43142-dkms_6.20.55.19-1_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential dkms

navigate to the folder you have saved the downloaded file and run this command.

sudo dpkg -i wireless-bcm43142-dkms_6.20.55.19-1_amd64.deb

hope this helps ! :-)


After months of attempts to fix this, I've finally found one that works for Kubuntu 11.04 (Natty). The problem is that Kubuntu (and I believe KDE more generally) starts the shutdown process in a way different than Gnome/Ubuntu, so even the dbus / netbase fixes and using autofs that I've seen proposed in different forums all didn't work. I think KDE begins shutting down userspace functions like network manager first before the /etc/init scripts or /home/user/.kde/shutdown scripts are called upon. Just speculation on my part, but that'd be my guess.

But I apparently found the place where Kubuntu actually starts the shutdown process, or close to it - it's in the /usr/bin/starkde script. Immediately after the line saying "echo 'startkde: Shutting down...' 1>&2", I inserted a line saying "sudo umount -t cifs -a -f -l". Then, using visudo as root ("sudo visudo"), I edited the sudoers file to allow the sudo command to execute umount without a password by adding the line (at the bottom of the file) "username ALL=(root) NOPASSWD:/bin/umount". Worked like a charm.


Geforce 820M Black screen after installing Legacy Drivers

If anyone having problems with 820m PLEASE Follow this
820m IS A LEGACY gpu with LEGACY drivers ONLY
Anything higher than 390xx will not work!!!
There is 420xx, 450xx drivers and even 455xx drivers. But they dont have 820m ID inside, Nvidia simply forgot to remove 820m from their support list. If you try to install anything higher than 390xx, you will get 820m is not supported warning!
820m works best on GDM. Distros on lightdm (deepin, elementary) wont work (please edit me if i am wrong)
To install 390xx you have to boot using nomodeset (go to grub and press E, find quiet splash and replace it with nomodeset). Press Ctrl + Alt + F(any number from 1 to 6) and enter
sudo service gdm stop
sudo apt install nvidia-340
After an install boot to ubuntu WITHOUT nomodeset, login and find Nvidia in Application Menu. If it works without errors and warnings. You can install 390xx. Add Graphics repo
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nvidia-driver-390
It will take long time but it will successfully install.
Enjoy!!


Troubleshooting Ubuntu via remote terminal

I might be over thinking the problem. I just need to read the crash logs in /var/crash and /var/log/. If I am doing this remotely and want to keep a record of the logs, I can just copy them to a folder on the machine I'm running the secure shell on using scp.

scp /var/crash/*.crash [username]@[host]:Desktop/crash_report.txt


Looking at how long it's taking to reach your "graphical.target", Do this, even though it was written at the time of Ubuntu 18.04. It works, even Ubuntu 20.04 (There are two methods; use one or both):
Method One
Type (in the terminal):
$ sudo sed -e 's/^RESUME=/#RESUME=/g' \
     -i /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume

After that is finished, type:
$ echo "RESUME=/dev/mapper/ubuntu--YOUR FLAVOR OF UBUNTU (eg. mate)--vg-swap_1" | \
  sudo tee -a /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume

Recreate initrd and reboot system.
$ sudo update-initramfs -u

After that is finished, type:
$ sudo reboot

The kernel boot time should be faster. Verify by typing:
$ systemd-analyze

You will also be able to use hibernation after this.
Method Two
Navigate to /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/
Right click on "resume" and choose "Edit as Administrator".
Change the line:
RESUME=UUID=WHATEVER YOUT NUMBER IS
(ex - RESUME=UUID=67b3fe6f-1ec4-413f-8c5a-1136bc7f3270)
To:
RESUME=none
Now open a terminal and type:
$ sudo update-initramfs -u

After that is finished, type:
$ sudo reboot

The boot time should be quicker.
Taken from: here and here.


How to turn off headphones, and only leave enabled analog output?

You have to go to System Settings - - > Sound

Then you can configure your sound settings from there...  :)


A the command below in your terminal

sudo chown -R "$USER":"$USER" ~/.local/lib

If that is not enough, even this command (note the uppercase X)

sudo chmod -R +X ~/.local/lib

from man chown

NAME
       chown - change file owner and group

from man chmod

execute/search only if the file is a directory or already has execute permission
for some user (X)


Where is the kernel directory for Ubuntu 12.10?

I think --kernel-dir is not a placeholder to replace with something. It is a parameter to the build.sh to specify kernel dir.
The kernel dir is /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build. (The uname -r defines the installed kernel details.)

Try
sudo ./build.sh --kernel-dir /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build

Don't alter uname -r with anything. It will automatically place the kernel version for the command.


Touchpad two fingers detected as double tap

In the following Ubuntu doc it will show and go over the different touchpad settings and allow you if chosen to disable the two finder double click: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Multitouch/TouchpadSupport


What is the meaning of ./ before a given path?

./ or just . is unix shorthand for the current directory.

You need to specify it when the current directory is not in your PATH. The PATH is the list of folders searched when you run a program. (You can determine it by writing echo $PATH.) If an executable file is not in your PATH, to run it you need to specify the folder it's in. You could do this by giving the full path to the file, but if the file is in the current directory, you can use ./ as shorthand.

Similarly, ../ or just .. is shorthand for the directory above the current one.


How to transition PPA users from one PPA to another?

Option 3 --  Automatically add the new PPA

This is like 2, but php5-common would automatically add the new PPA, so the new packages would be available after next apt-get update run.  Optionally there could be a Debconf question whether the users wants the PPA added automatically or they will do so themselves.

Pros:

One single repository to handle
No automatic transition
Users can prepare their transition plan
Packages are ready to be installed right away
Adding PPA from same namespace might work flawlessly

Cons:

Some users will miss the announcement no matter how hard you try
Adding extra PPA automatically seems like security risk
Adding extra PPA from different namespace needs dropping extra GPG keys in /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/ and that also seems like security risk


I have the same issue trying to read a Sony SDXC I 64GB card via the built-in 7-in-1 card reader (Realtek RTS5129 controller) on my desktop with exFAT support installed.  I am currently running Ubuntu 19.04.  As a workaround, I found that the card would read fine using a USB card reader (Insignia USB 3.0 Compact Memory Card Reader).


how to keep track of where I spend my time?

I know RescueTime does this. I came across this blogpost detailing how to install RescueTime in Ubuntu 11.04:


Ubuntu multi monitor mouse transition between monitors is not smooth

This seems to be the "Sticky edges" which are activated in Ubuntu by default. Go to the System Settings, choose Screen Display and deactivate "Sticky edges".


how to setup send-only email server on ubuntu

How did you get your list of 300K addresses? If you did it correctly, there are certainly companies who will let you do this. Did you have people sign up to be on this list? If so, then a lot of hosting companies would be fine with you sending lots of mail out to reach everyone on your list. Mailchimp is one that comes to mind.

Additionally, most network operators/ISP block outgoing email that doesn't go through their server, so your plan may not work even if you get the server set right.

In addition, most ISPs will filter into the spam box any messages delivered directly from customer address space -- if they don't just straight up refuse the message when you try to hand it off. The same goes for dynamic address space (most end user connections are this) and IP addresses that don't have a non-numeric reverse DNS entry (so not things like 96-39-177.someisp.net). If you tell me what your address is, I can take a look and give you an idea of if messages from it would be accepted.


I've run photorec to see if I could find some photos, I don't see any trace. Will running testdisk help?

I recently had the new years hangover problem of copy pasting instructions from the net to reformat EUFI USB flash drive to FAT32 format. That involved filling the first 512 Megabytes of the drive with zeros. Unfortunately it contained "sdb" as the flash drive which happened to be my second drive on my system which was really 500 GB HDD.

Running testdisk (over 24 hours) I was able to repair the situation and get back my 250 GB Windows 7 drive (with all my Music and some work docs) and my 200 GB Ubuntu 14.04 partition with my historical code.

Rest assured testdisk is non-destructive unless you choose to have it update the disk, which I chose to do for copying backup Boot Sector over corrupted one and re-initializing MFT (whatever that is). Erring on the side of caution I ran testdisk over a 24 hour period and did lots of googling in between.

At the end of the day everything worked out fine and I can't say enough how happy I am with testdisk. Plus now I can write a good Q&A on how not to fry my hard disk using dd aka "Disk Destroyer" over the next week.

To summarize testdisk will not destroy your broken disk unless you choose to write out your changes. OTH it can save your data when you do write out changes on a broken disk.


The system settings executable should be /usr/bin/unity-control-center or /usr/bin/gnome-control-center


How to search start and end with square bracket with multiple line

One straightforward way to do multiline grep-like matches is to install pcregrep from the universe repository.

Ex. given

$ cat file
Text have

[{hello=(1+2-0),
hello2 = 1}]
But are in two or three multiple lines when start with [ and end with ] are in different line

How to extract like grep for this multiple line pattern?

then

$ pcregrep -M '(?s)\[.*?\]' file
[{hello=(1+2-0),
hello2 = 1}]
But are in two or three multiple lines when start with [ and end with ] are in different line


ROS installation:Environment setup:No such a file or directory

If you are getting the error:

-bash: source/opt/ros/jade/setup.bash: No such file or directory

then you must have typed:

echo "source/opt/ros/jade/setup.bash" >> ~/.bashrc

instead of :

echo "source /opt/ros/jade/setup.bash" >> ~/.bashrc

Notice the space between source and /opt.


What is the procedure in Ubuntu 14.04 when replacing or adding hardware

Colour card? My answer is fairly generic but I'll assume graphics card.

Generally speaking, Ubuntu has drivers for most hardware built in. Even graphics cards that offer proprietary drivers have free counterparts that will be used if you haven't already installed the proprietary driver.

This means that in most cases, you can just throw the new hardware at Ubuntu and it'll cope. If there are alternative options, the Ubuntu Drivers dialogue should offer you them when you boot up.

There are, of course, exceptions to this but there's no set rule for how you work around it. Most un-drivered hardware won't stop you booting and even then, (in the case of a RAID controller switch) you can still boot to a Live CD/USB environment to install the driver.

You certainly shouldn't need to reinstall.


Failed to download repository information after updating

You are trying to update OpenJDK from a PPA; that should not be needed anymore since now OpenJDK is in the main Ubuntu repositories. The maintainers of that PPA have therefore decided not to provide OpenJDK for Oneiric, that's why you are getting an error when trying to update the package lists.

To fix the error, open the editor of your choice.  Super User permissions are needed though.

Open this file /etc/apt/sources.list

Find the lines (if any) that contain something similar to:

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/openjdk oneiric main

deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/openjdk oneiric main

and remove them entirely.

After this is done Save the file and run the following command:

sudo apt-get update

This should fix your problem.


Can't start Ubuntu after interrupted upgrade

Alright, let's do this:

What you'll need:

2 flash drives
Another computer (or another working OS on your computer)

Here are the steps:

On the other OS or computer, navigate to the Ubuntu download page, and download Ubuntu 16.04.1
Burn the ISO to a flash drive using a program such as Rufus. (If you're using Rufus, your window should look like
Once that's done, reboot!
Get to the boot menu (before your computer launches Windows, while the computer's logo is still showing), typically by pressing F12. (If that doesn't work, check your computer manufacturer's support.
Navigate to the flash drive you just created. (Using arrow keys) Most likely called Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS amd64 or Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS or something along those lines.
It'll boot up to a Ubuntu installation environment. (It might have a few options before, like a menu, just press enter. This is a selection of what you want to start to.)
Select the live option.
Open up the file explorer, find your files, and move them on to the other USB DO NOT PUT THE FILES ON THE USB YOU USED TO PUT UBUNTU ON!
Open up the installer (on the desktop), and follow the instructions.

Hope this helped!


How to solve “Access denied for user 'phpmyadmin'@'localhost' (using password: YES)"

I know this post is old, but here is what happened to me. I was upgrading and the phpmyadmin installer asked what the phpmyadmin user password should be, or to leave it blank to random generate a password. I hit enter without entering any password by mistake. So when I launched PHPMyAdmin, I got the error "mysqli_real_connect(): (HY000/1045): Access denied for user 'phpmyadmin'@'localhost' (using password: YES)".

To fix it, I found the "config-db.php" file in /etc/phpmyadmin/ and got the password from there. Root access to PHPMyAdmin was working, so I logged in as root to PHPMyAdmin and used the query "SET PASSWORD FOR 'phpmyadmin'@'localhost' = PASSWORD([copy and paste the password here])" and it worked!


Unable to open files with non-ASCII names with LibreOffice on a tablet

I had this issue on KDE Plasma on top of Arch Linux where LibreOffice couldn't open files with non-ASCII characters such as umlauts. Okular on the other hand would open and display the same file just fine.

Before launching Plasma with startx, the locale was set to de_AT.UTF-8 according to locale.

After launching Plasma, I could see in the regional settings under "Formats" that a different locale was used: Deutschland - Deutsch(de_DE).
Changing that entry to Österreich - Österreichisches Deutsch (de_AT) (last quarter of the list) fixed the issue: Now LibreOffice opens those files without a hitch.

I assume that the locales have to match.

As a side note: Setting the format to Default (C) fixed the problem somewhat: LibreOffice would open the file now but the file's name in the window title was garbled.


Out of memory when booting ubuntu or any linux distro from LIVE USB

I know it is a bit late, but I had the same problem with my Dell L502X; let my explain my situation and maybe it could be useful to you:

I removed my Optical CD bay to add an SSD disk and after a year of it working well on both Linux and Windows, I decided to perform a new Windows installation which resulted in corruption. After this I could not boot into either Linux or Windows nor a Linux LiveUSB (getting the same message as you) or even try to make a new installation. Everything I tried failed.

To solve the problem I removed the SSD from the Optical bay: it was completely broken and flashed the BIOS (It was corrupted as well).

Only after all that, I was able reinstall my OSes and no "Out of memory" messages are displayed any more when booting from a LiveUSB.

Hope it can be useful for someone in the same situation.


I have never used brackets, but what you are seeing is JSLint warnings - they are telling you is your coding style is not in agreement with JSLint. There must be preferences, or configuration somewhere that enables you to turn JSLint off.

Alternatively, you can engage in the exercise of following the warnings and cleaning up the code. You will learn to build your Javascript in a way that is more likely to make your teammates happy.


It is possibile, but disabled by default. I am not sure what will happen to the NTFS file system if you index it with updatedb.

The thing is, Synapse uses Zeitgeist, that uses locate to find things.

Following this answer my /etc/updatedb.conf reads

cat /etc/updatedb.conf
PRUNE_BIND_MOUNTS="yes"
# PRUNENAMES=".git .bzr .hg .svn"
PRUNEPATHS="/tmp /var/spool /media /home/.ecryptfs /var/lib/schroot"
PRUNEFS="NFS nfs nfs4 rpc_pipefs afs binfmt_misc proc smbfs autofs iso9660 ncpfs coda devpts ftpfs devfs mfs shfs sysfs cifs lustre tmpfs usbfs udf fuse.glusterfs fuse.sshfs curlftpfs ecryptfs fusesmb devtmpfs"

Where these variables are documented in

man updatedb.conf

[...]
PRUNE_BIND_MOUNTS
              One of the strings 0, no, 1 or yes.  If PRUNE_BIND_MOUNTS  is  1
              or  yes,  bind  mounts are not scanned by updatedb(8).  All file
              systems mounted in the subtree of a bind mount  are  skipped  as
              well,  even  if they are not bind mounts.  As an exception, bind
              mounts of a directory on itself are not skipped.

So I would have to modify the first variale to "no" through

sudo nano /etc/updatedb.conf

Then modify it, then Ctrl+O to save, and Ctrl+X to exit.

Then

sudo updatedb

and try to locate something on that mount point to see if it works.

I repeat it here at the very end of the post: I do not know what would happen to a NTFS file system when scanned by updatedb (will it take forever? will it crash? will it corrupt the FS? I really have no idea).


all songs at the same volume in audacious

Answer:
use mp3gain and easymp3gain.

Explanation:

After some research, I have come to understand that the volume normalization can be independent from the music player you use.

You have two types of normalization:

one normalization on the fly, must be integrated in the audio player
another one that replaces the original file with a new file with a reajusted volume. It is irreversible but doesn't ask extra performance to your CPU while playing the song.

I have chosen the second normalization. I use mp3gain, even though it's old, it still works.

Install gdebi to install mp3gain:

sudo apt-get install gdebi

Then download the deb file of mp3gain:
http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/m/mp3gain/mp3gain_1.5.2-r2-6_amd64.deb
Right click on it and install it with gdebi.

Now let's use mp3gain with a nice gui, easymp3gain:
http://www.ihaveapc.com/2011/01/how-to-install-and-use-mp3gain-in-linux-mint-ubuntu/

You may choose apply album gain or track gain. To understand what they mean read this:
http://forums.ilounge.com/ipod-classic-legacy-ipods/246610-track-album-gain-using-mp3gain.html#post1328914

I have tested easymp3gain, seems to work for me: after applying the gain, I can play the songs in Audacious and all have the same volume :).

I am on xubuntu 16.04