Have you tried the pinyin-editor on chinesisch-lernen.org?

http://www.chinesisch-lernen.org/werkzeuge/pinyin-editor.html

The input yan1 will automatically be changed to yān and similarly for the other tones.
You can also enter several words in one go to get a whole paragraph in pinyin.

On the downside, the editor only works in that browser window. So you will have to type it there, then copy it and insert it where you want it.
And, obviously, you will have to be connected to the internet.


A good answer by Eliah Kagan is Should I wait for 13.04?

But staying with a release that will last 9 months (And taking into consideration that every 6 months a new version comes out) the question would be then if you want to stay on 13.04 forever or would like to do an upgrade once 13.10 or any newer version comes out (Note that this is only done once every 6 months).

If this is not the case I would suggest to sticking with the last LTS which was the 12.04 although if you are like me and wish to see a stable but more updated system, updating from one version to the next every 6 months is no big deal. At least as an end user. I even have a very slow connection (32KB/Seg) and don't mind downloading the ISO or upgrading my current version once every 6 months.

So which one to choose depends on if you want to be up to date, or want to stick with one that will receive updates for several years. I want to add that you will also receive updates with the other releases but doing the ugprade every 6 months will simply guarantee that you are up to date and receive additional updates for the timeframe of that release. Best of both worlds (Again, for end users that do not mind downloading the upgrades every 6 months).


How to run Adobe Illustrator, Photoshop and InDesign

Alternative software for designing in Ubuntu

Adobe Photoshop --> GIMP
Adobe Illustrator --> Inkscape
Adobe inDesign --> Scribus


Turning off XON/XOFF when SSHing via PuTTY

Based on a SuperUser question, just run this once connected:

echo "stty -ixon" >> ~/.bash_profile
reset

And that should fix it.

(Updated to correct option)


I had the same problem (flashing wifi) on a Dell Inspiron and found this answer helped, but I needed to use iwlegacy in lieu of iwlcore.


Try hitting Ctrl + Alt + F1 and seeing if you can get to a tty right after entering the password.


Check package availability across distribution update

As guiverc mention, it is not a rule but almost same names, you may face dropped packages that were replaced due to lack of support and maintenance and those with major upgrades (Version major number is part of the package name).

How to make it
1.Get currently installed packages list: How to list all installed packages
2.Then pass it to apt-cache or apt -s to check availability, in the other release: How can I get a list of all packages available for a specific version of Ubuntu


show only few lines after match pattern found in vi editor

Consider you open  a file named abcd with vi.So to show only the first 5 lines, you will use,

vi ./abcd |head -5

If all output is considered as single line, use

vi ./abcd | sed s/\n/\n./g | head -5

This command will add a dot at every newline.


How do we disable ctrl-alt-del on Ubuntu 20.04?

Open "Settings - Keyboard Shortcuts". Look up the entry "Log out" under the "System" section, and disable the keybinding. That works by clicking the line, then hit Backspace in the "Set Shortcut" dialog. Then click "Set" to apply the setting and close the dialog.


Is there firewall preventing UDP traffic?

Also, NTP typically corrects time very slowly. You can try stopping your ntpd and run something like

ntpdate pool.ntp.org

And see what it outputs. If it's something like

  17 Feb 20:03:13 ntpdate[3046]: adjust time server 194.100.2.198 offset -311.135718 sec

then it fixed that offset successfully. After starting ntpd again should keep your clock synchronized.


How do I get a USB thumb drive to boot with grub2?

Fixed it.

In case anyone is wondering.  This is what I did to get it operating.

Thumb drive appears as /dev/sdb

Run these commands

sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt
for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt/$i;  done
sudo chroot /mnt
grub-install /dev/sdb
update-grub

Then edit /boot/grub/grub.cfg
Changed all lines that say (hd1,1) to (hd0,1)

Then run...

exit
for i in /dev/pts /dev /proc /sys; do sudo umount /mnt/$i ; done

Next.

List item
Totally power down the server.
Pull the power cords out. Wait 10s.
Plug power back in.
Insert Thumb drive and power on.
Linux now boots fully from the thumb drive.

It seems that there were two problems.  They were to do with having the wrong device referenced in grub.cfg (i.e. hd1 should be hd0).

Secondly, a bug in the server bios.  It kept referring to a uuid for a filesystem on a different thumb drive that I'd be earlier playing with.  Warm reboot seemed to keep that uuid in there.  A cold boot fixed it.


http://www.ubuntu.com/certification/desktop/ - Ubuntu Certified Desktop Hardware
http://www.ubuntu.com/certification/server/ - Ubuntu Certified Server Hardware

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupport/ - For a more extensive list on Certified Hardware and "Friendly" Hardware.

This has multiple lists, and usually is certified or gives supports based on a family of products.  A bit of research should allow you to put a list together for your new system.  Good Luck.


help, can't empty my trash folder on external hdd

If the trash has nothing else important in it:

rm -rf /media/Elements/.Trash-1000/

You may want to try as root as well:

sudo rm -rf /media/Elements/.Trash-1000/

Another method would be to use srm - it would wipe over the data and remove it. It also shows if it is a hardlink etc.

If you need to install it:

 sudo apt-get install secure-delete

and then

srm -rf /media/Elements/.Trash-1000/


Ubuntu 20.04 -- Where do I find options for desktop background images?

Go to Tweaks -> Appearance and below the Background section there is an Adjustment Dropbar. Pick the one that suits you and I think that will help.


How can I install Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 3165 drivers?

First, verify that you have these two files; iwlwifi-7265D-13.ucode and iwlwifi-7265-13.ucode:

ls /lib/firmware | grep 7265

If so, we are going to make copies but rename them:

cd /lib/firmware
sudo cp iwlwifi-7265D-13.ucode  iwlwifi-3165-9.ucode
sudo cp iwlwifi-7265-13.ucode  iwlwifi-3165-13.ucode

Reboot. Is the wireless working? If not, again let us see:

dmesg | grep iwl

I am not at all confident this will work prior to kernel 4.2.

To copy the downloaded files on your desktop, please right-click them and select 'Extract Here' if not done already. Then open a terminal and do:

sudo cp ~/Desktop/iwlwifi-7265-ucode-25.30-13.0/iwl* /lib/firmware

This will copy both of the ucode files to /lib/firmware. Then proceed with the steps I outlined above.

If you haven't the files to rename, please open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/OpenELEC/iwlwifi-firmware
cd ~/iwlwifi-firmware/firmware
sudo cp iwlwifi-7265*  /lib/firmware

Then rename and proceed as above.


I have done hours and hours of research both on the Dell side and on the Ubuntu side I am still not satisfied with the result, I am prety sure my laptop will run smoother and perform better with the newer version of ubuntu also will resovle some issues I am having with the current version, apparently Dell is encouraging people to upgrade to newer version of ubuntu the problem is they are not saying they will provide the necessary drivers to support the newest version https://www.dell.com/support/article/en-in/sln136017/how-do-i-upgrade-my-ubuntu-operating-system-to-the-latest-version?lang=en
Also I found this "Providing opt-in upgrade path to the OEM Archives from the Ubuntu Archive"
https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/technical-board/2020-January/002478.html
While Ubuntu 20.04 will have Linux 5.4 by default, the OEM-certified experience may include booting (and installing) a newer kernel based on Linux 5.5 or 5.6. In addition, this latest kernel option will not be presented to users on non-certified systems.
When running the Ubuntu installer on a detected “OEM Certified” system, the plan is to also activate the respective Ubuntu OEM package files. As such, additional packages are sometimes offered.

There will be a single graphics stack compatible with both OEM and
Generic kernel flavours.
The installation media will contain both generic and oem kernel
flavours.
On non-certified machines, generic kernel will be the default with no
changes to the installer or the installed system.
On certified machines, identified precisely by smbios grub module
(i.e. equivalent to matching by vendor, sku, product ids as seen in
dmidecode) may boot to the OEM kernel for installation by default.

as a dell customer, in my case can I upgrade from version 20.04 lts with dell OEM setting and drivers ? since it is not possible to download the linux iso from the dell website ?
Edit :
if I am going to stick with the shipped version, can you please tell me how to know if my current version is Dell oem version with dell's original drivers and everything is up to date and working correctly, like I said I was using windows 10 and I recently did a backup with the dell os recovery tool which dowloaded this image from my laptop service tag, I am missing the dell logo I feel like I am using a generic version in that case there is no reason for me to keep the 16.04 LTS version, thanks!


Failed to start tomcat.service: Unit tomcat.service not found

I'm using Ubuntu 16.04 while encountering this problem. I have solved it.

Firstly, add one line to the top of the script:

. /lib/lsb/init-functions

Then in shell, create symbolic links from /etc/rc* to my script:

sudo update-rc.d tomcat defaults 95

This will also make your script be running automatically after rebooting.


Move Gimp on the top of list in Screenshot

I just made new shortcut of app

xfce4-screenshooter -or gimp

and now simple click automaticly opens screenshot in gimp


MAAS and Juju Post-Bootstrap Connection Error

When an environment is bootstrapped, you must pay attention to the hostname in the environments.yaml, as it appears that is what is pushed out to subsequent machines. In my case, I had the server set to http://localhost:80/MAAS, thus causing machine "0", and any other machines for that matter, to attempt to make a connection to localhost and not the IP/hostname of the MAAS server. After destroying my environment, and bootstrapping it again with the server http://10.0.0.10:80/MAAS, everything seemed to deploy correctly. This is entirely an oversight on my part.


Installed Ubuntu using USB stick, now cannot modify files on USB stick

Use gparted. That USB stick needs to be formatted.
And don't forget to "umount" that drive before


How can I restart Compiz from a TTY? (& Related, how can I set up a fallback WM?)

Switch to terminal number 1 (Ctrl+Alt+F1) and run

DISPLAY=:0 unity --replace

or

DISPLAY=:0 compiz --replace

Sometimes it doesn't restart. Just kill all compiz processes and try again in case.


How to remove logiops/logid (Logitech Options for Linux)

If you followed the instructions you have installed the logid daemon in /usr/local/bin and you enabled this with systemctl.
To remove, work backwards, first stop the daemon and disable its automated starting:
sudo systemctl disable --now logid

This is essentially enough to not further make use of logid. If you want you can remove the binary:
sudo /usr/local/bin/logid

and the sources (check if there is nothing important under logiops first):
rm -rf ~/logiops

That apt remove didn't work is because you did not install this from a .deb package.


Fingerprint authentication for Ubuntu based on fprintd

Add this PPA to your sources:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:fingerprint/fprint

Update your package list and system

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Install the software:

sudo apt-get install libfprint0 fprint-demo libpam-fprintd gksu-polkit

source


Timeshift setup: how to backup system with programs and all theirs configs, but without Video, Music etc?

If you open timeshift Then click settings and go to the filters tab, you can exclude the music and video folders. The include hidden option backs up your hidden direct (the folders that begin with .) and unless you keep your videos and music in hidden files, you should be fine. If you turn on the include root option, it backs up the /root directory, so if you wanted to back those up, then sure, knock yourself out.

Restoring to existing system just overwrites your current system with the backup. Restoring to an empty partition does exactly what it says.


You need to install to sdb, you installed to a partition sdb1.

If Fedora is a hybrid ISO then this should work.

sudo dd if=Fedora-Live-Desktop-x86_64-19-1.iso of=/dev/sdb

Make absolutely sure that sdb is the correct drive. This will overwrite whatever sdb is and old data on that drive will not be recoverable.


"Installer crashed" while installing ubuntu 20.04 on a Dell XP laptop, but it seems to be working?

Several of my colleagues (also with similar Dell XPS notebooks) experienced exactly the same error during installation. The apparently it has something to do with the Nvidia GPU's in our systems.
My colleagues did not report any problems (yet), but I myself have experienced 2 problems that at first seemed unrelated, but after a lot of investigation I found explanations that expicitely said that these were linked to an incomplete install of the OS.
So, YES: Even though the installation will appear to work just fine at first, there will still be loose ends. I would strongly advise reinstalling from scratch.


I can't select updates in Update Manager

This happens when you have dependencies that are not met or are unsatisfied. As @BlueXrider suggested, you should first try installing updates from the terminal. If it doesn't work, then you should just be patient and wait. You should be able to install the updates as soon as the required/dependent packages are up to the required version.


How to create multiple thunderbird mail accounts?

As with firefox, you can create a new profile starting the application with

thunderbird -no-remote -ProfileManager

(the -no-remote option is required to start a new instance, if another is already running).

Once created one or more profiles, to start with a given profile you can create a launcher with the following command

thunderbird -no-remote -P <profile>

where <profile> is a profile name.


Which CLI application should I use to convert Word template (*.dot file) to the plain text?

You can use LibreOffice in the terminal.

soffice --headless --convert-to txt:Text YOUR-DOCUMENT-HERE.DOT

Check out the sources
Source1
Source2


Changing the prompt style

To change the prompt format, add the following lines in ~/.bashrc file:

### Prompt style
export PS1="\033[0;33m\h:\W \u\$ \e[m"

Now the terminal looks like this:

Terminal font

Intall Monaco font. You can run this in Terminal:

curl -kL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cstrap/monaco-font/master/install-font-ubuntu.sh | bash

Warning: You may have issues with this font in browser. This is discussed here.

Then set the Terminal font to use Monacao: go to Edit -> Profile Preferences and change the font:

Color scheme

Save the following content into an XML file:

<gconfentryfile>
  <entrylist base="/apps/gnome-terminal">
    <entry>
      <key>global/active_encodings</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/global/active_encodings</schema_key>
      <value>
        <list type="string">
            <value>
              <string>UTF-8</string>
            </value>
            <value>
              <string>current</string>
            </value>
        </list>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>global/confirm_window_close</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/global/confirm_window_close</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>true</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>global/default_profile</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/global/default_profile</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>Default</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>global/profile_list</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/global/profile_list</schema_key>
      <value>
        <list type="string">
            <value>
              <string>Default</string>
            </value>
        </list>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>global/use_menu_accelerators</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/global/use_menu_accelerators</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>true</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>global/use_mnemonics</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/global/use_mnemonics</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>true</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/close_tab</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/close_tab</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Ctrl&gt;&lt;Shift&gt;w</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/close_window</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/close_window</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Ctrl&gt;&lt;Shift&gt;q</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/copy</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/copy</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Ctrl&gt;&lt;Shift&gt;c</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/detach_tab</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/detach_tab</schema_key>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/full_screen</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/full_screen</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>F11</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/help</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/help</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>F1</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/move_tab_left</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/move_tab_left</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Ctrl&gt;&lt;Shift&gt;Page_Up</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/move_tab_right</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/move_tab_right</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Ctrl&gt;&lt;Shift&gt;Page_Down</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/new_profile</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/new_profile</schema_key>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/new_tab</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/new_tab</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Ctrl&gt;&lt;Shift&gt;t</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/new_window</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/new_window</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Ctrl&gt;&lt;Shift&gt;n</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/next_tab</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/next_tab</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Control&gt;Page_Down</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/paste</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/paste</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Ctrl&gt;&lt;Shift&gt;v</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/prev_tab</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/prev_tab</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Control&gt;Page_Up</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/reset</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/reset</schema_key>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/reset_and_clear</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/reset_and_clear</schema_key>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/save_contents</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/save_contents</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>disabled</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/set_terminal_title</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/set_terminal_title</schema_key>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/switch_to_tab_1</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/switch_to_tab_1</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Alt&gt;1</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/switch_to_tab_10</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/switch_to_tab_10</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Alt&gt;0</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/switch_to_tab_11</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/switch_to_tab_11</schema_key>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/switch_to_tab_12</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/switch_to_tab_12</schema_key>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/switch_to_tab_2</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/switch_to_tab_2</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Alt&gt;2</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/switch_to_tab_3</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/switch_to_tab_3</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Alt&gt;3</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/switch_to_tab_4</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/switch_to_tab_4</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Alt&gt;4</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/switch_to_tab_5</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/switch_to_tab_5</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Alt&gt;5</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/switch_to_tab_6</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/switch_to_tab_6</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Alt&gt;6</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/switch_to_tab_7</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/switch_to_tab_7</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Alt&gt;7</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/switch_to_tab_8</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/switch_to_tab_8</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Alt&gt;8</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/switch_to_tab_9</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/switch_to_tab_9</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Alt&gt;9</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/toggle_menubar</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/toggle_menubar</schema_key>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/zoom_in</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/zoom_in</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Ctrl&gt;plus</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/zoom_normal</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/zoom_normal</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Ctrl&gt;0</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>keybindings/zoom_out</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/keybindings/zoom_out</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>&lt;Ctrl&gt;minus</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/allow_bold</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/allow_bold</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>false</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/alternate_screen_scroll</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/alternate_screen_scroll</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>true</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/background_color</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/background_color</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>#0D0D19192626</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/background_darkness</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/background_darkness</schema_key>
      <value>
        <float>0.5</float>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/background_image</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/background_image</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string></string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/background_type</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/background_type</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>solid</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/backspace_binding</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/backspace_binding</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>ascii-del</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/bold_color</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/bold_color</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>#000000000000</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/bold_color_same_as_fg</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/bold_color_same_as_fg</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>true</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/cursor_blink_mode</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/cursor_blink_mode</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>system</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/cursor_shape</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/cursor_shape</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>block</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/custom_command</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/custom_command</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string></string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/default_show_menubar</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/default_show_menubar</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>true</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/default_size_columns</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/default_size_columns</schema_key>
      <value>
        <int>80</int>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/default_size_rows</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/default_size_rows</schema_key>
      <value>
        <int>24</int>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/delete_binding</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/delete_binding</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>escape-sequence</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/encoding</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/encoding</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>current</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/exit_action</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/exit_action</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>close</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/font</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/font</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>Monaco Bold 10</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/foreground_color</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/foreground_color</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>#D3D1D7D7CFCF</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/icon</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/icon</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string></string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/login_shell</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/login_shell</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>false</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/palette</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/palette</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>#000000000000:#F5F579780000:#7373D2D11615:#D554C1D77F49:#40DAC851F332:#CECE5C5B0000:#C1C07D7C1110:#7373D2D11615:#262626262626:#EDEDD4D40000:#7373D2D11615:#EFEF29292929:#0000ABAAFFFF:#BAB99F9F0000:#E9E8B9B86E6E:#ADAD7F7FA8A7</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/scroll_background</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/scroll_background</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>true</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/scroll_on_keystroke</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/scroll_on_keystroke</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>true</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/scroll_on_output</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/scroll_on_output</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>false</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/scrollback_lines</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/scrollback_lines</schema_key>
      <value>
        <int>512</int>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/scrollback_unlimited</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/scrollback_unlimited</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>false</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/scrollbar_position</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/scrollbar_position</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>right</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/silent_bell</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/silent_bell</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>false</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/title</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/title</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>Terminal</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/title_mode</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/title_mode</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>replace</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/update_records</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/update_records</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>true</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/use_custom_command</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/use_custom_command</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>false</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/use_custom_default_size</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/use_custom_default_size</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>false</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/use_system_font</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/use_system_font</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>false</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/use_theme_background</key>
      <value>
        <bool>false</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/use_theme_colors</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/use_theme_colors</schema_key>
      <value>
        <bool>false</bool>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/visible_name</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/visible_name</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>Default</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
    <entry>
      <key>profiles/Default/word_chars</key>
      <schema_key>/schemas/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/word_chars</schema_key>
      <value>
        <string>-A-Za-z0-9,./?%&amp;#:_=+@~</string>
      </value>
    </entry>
  </entrylist>
</gconfentryfile>

Then import the color scheme running the following command:

gconftool-2 --load terminal-color-scheme.xml

...where terminal-color-scheme.xml is the name of the XML file that contains the content above.

After that, your terminal will look like below:


What is happening here? Is Unity crashing?

To restart your shell manually after such a crash (this is a crash), you could instead of logging out go to a virtual terminal (ctrl+alt+F1), login there, issue the following command:

(DISPLAY=:0 unity --replace &)

You should first clean the environment like killall compiz & killall unity since stray processes of Unity might remain even after the crash.

Oh, and to return to the graphical environment, alt+F7 (+optional ctrl)


Installation of libavcodec-extra or libmp3lame fails

Follow this guide and you should be fine.

Ubuntu, or in better terms, the package libavcodec-extra-52, does not support the libraries that you must have installed in order to use ffmpeg for what you want to do. You can find explanations and howtos at that linked guide.


Does Chromium browser get any updates if installed from repository?

Chromium is in the official Ubuntu software repositories and is updated like everything else in the OS. See Chromium's Launchpad page.

That means, that all relevant security fixes are available as package upgrades through Canonical's security repository – either in form of a completely new version of the software (like for Chromium) or a so called "backport" of the security fix to the version currently released by Canonical (like for core system libraries or the Linux kernel).


Can not Change Default File Manager of Ubuntu Mate 18.04

xdg-open uses xdg-mime to determine the type of object to open and then searches for the default application for it.

$ xdg-mime query filetype $HOME
inode/directory

$ xdg-mime query default inode/directory
nautilus-folder-handler.desktop

You need to set default application with nemo.desktop file. You can find it in /usr/share/applications. Then

$ xdg-mime default nemo.desktop inode/directory

And try open any directory with xdg-open.


You've wiped out your Windows installation. You'll need to contact Microsoft or your laptop's manufacturer to get a DVD set or USB flash drive with a set of recovery images. I recommend trying Microsoft, because the set provided by the manufacturer will probably wipe out your Ubuntu installation. (Even to install a version provided by Microsoft, you'll need to resize your Linux partition before you begin.)


No sound in Ubuntu 13.04 64bit in dual boot with Windows 7 Pro 64bit

Just try it once:

There is a sound icon on the top-right bar. Click on it -> 'Sound Settings' -> 'Hardware' Tab -> 'Settings for the selected device: Profile:' and chose some different options from the selection list. There is a button 'Test Speakers', you can test your sound when ever you chose different options.

Reply if it doesn't work..


Can a virus spread through DOSBox in Ubuntu?

From a security standpoint, if you've got games running on DOSBOX, Wine, or otherwise that have viruses, trojans, worms, or other things, you should just remove them instantly and purge any other files they may have touched.  That'd be my suggestion.


run ubuntu 18.04 as OS for android phone

18.04 will never work for there is no 18.04 version of Ubuntu Touch. Canonical ended development of Ubuntu Touch and any work on phones in April 2017.


You can use find to do that:

find -maxdepth 1 -type f ! \( -name '*.img' -o -name '*.log' \) -exec mv {} $1/build_files/ \;

The argument -type f makes find look only for regular files. You have to remove it if you want to match any kind of file.

The argument -maxdepth 1 make find look for targets only on the current directory (by default the starting point of the search is the current directory).

See the find man page for more options and the different file types that you can target.


No Wi-Fi Adapter Found - Dell-System-Inspiron-15-7000-Series-7537

Your wireless adapter is blocked by rfkill.

Check if there is a physical switch that may be off, or a BIOS setting.

In case there is no way to switch it on, you can disable dell-rbtn by running

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-dell-rbtn.conf <<< "blacklist dell_rbtn"

This is ONE COMMAND. Please don't run it partially.

Reboot to apply.


Difference between `dpkg -i` and `apt-get install`

dpkg -i installs *.deb packages, which is to say packages you have already downloaded from somewhere.  It also configures them, but does not download/install dependencies.  You need to have downloaded the binary package file(s) manually from somewhere.  There also may be hazards in downloading packages from locations that are not the repositories which your distro had included/enabled by default, since third-party packages can be malicious in nature.

apt-get/aptitude install automatically accesses the repositories and PPAs indexes you enabled, searches for the best candidate, downloads it and all its dependencies and installs and configures them automatically.

Using apt-get install -f, you can automatically install missing dependencies of packages e.g. installed through dpkg -i.


Short answer

Run the installer binary without sudo. Either double-click it in the file manager or, in terminal, (inside the directory containing the binary) run:

./eclipse-inst

The installer should default to your user's home directory.

Long answer

When running the binary with sudo, it is (loosely speaking) executed by the root user. The installer detects the current user's home directory, which in case of the root user is /root/ and defaults to install eclipse there. While you could change it to your own user's  home directory, you probably won't be able to use eclipse because the files and folders created by the installer (running as root) will most likely only be accessible to the root user.
Please note that, although you can use the eclipse installed in /root/ folder by executing it as root user, you should not do so because of the obvious security risks when running applications with root permissions.


Ubuntu 14.04 not booting after installation

It looks like you installed Ubuntu 14.04 in BIOS mode, but your previous installation was in EFI mode. Your Boot Repair log is odd, so I suspect some other weirdness, too -- maybe you manually converted the disk from GPT to MBR form, for instance.

In any event, if you have no user data on the disk, or if you've got good backups of your user data, I recommend you start again, but this time, read a good guide on installing on an EFI-based system. (Sturgeon's law applies to guides to EFI-based installation, with a vengeance!) Two sites with good information are:

My page on EFI-mode installations
The Ubuntu community wiki on the subject

You could do a BIOS-mode installation, but I don't know of a good site that describes how to ensure that's what you're doing.

If you have user data that's not backed up and you don't want to do a backup-restore dance, try this:

Back up your user data. The odds of your losing it if you fail to do this are just too high.
Download and prepare a USB flash drive or CD-R version of my rEFInd boot manager.
Launch gdisk on the disk. Change the type code of partition #1 to EF00 and then save your changes (via w).
Insert the rEFInd media in the computer and reboot to rEFInd. (You may need to use your firmware's built-in boot manager to select the rEFInd medium.)
Using rEFInd, boot Ubuntu. (There will probably be several Ubuntu or Linux options. Some might not work. Don't worry about that.)
In Ubuntu, type sudo mkdir /boot/efi && sudo mount /dev/sda1 /boot/efi, then delete the /boot/efi/EFI/Microsoft directory tree. Since you don't have a Windows installation, the presence of the Windows boot loader on your ESP (/dev/sda1) is pointless and will simply clutter your boot manager menu.
In Ubuntu, do one of two things:

Re-install GRUB. The easiest way to do this is via Boot Repair, but you can use the grub-install command if you prefer.
Install the Debian-package version of rEFInd.

There are alternative ways to achieve the same results. For instance, your computer might boot to Ubuntu without rEFInd once you've converted the disk to GPT form, but that's not certain. You could also try doing it without an MBR-to-GPT conversion, although that's very unusual for an EFI installation and isn't guaranteed to work.

It's also probably possible to get the system booting in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, which is (mostly) how it's set up now; but your description provides no clue as to what it's actually doing, so it's hard to say what's wrong or how to fix it.


Software Updater offers new updates even though computer has been offline

My assumption is two things happened during that night:

a) your system automaticly ran apt update issued by  aptd but didn't find anything - due to no connection and

b) previously downloaded packages - which do not regard as security updates - where offered to be updated - as setup in System Settings - Applications & Updates - Updates.

This combination lead to those packages being untrusted, as there are no current hashes for them.
Manually checking for new updates by either running Update-Manger (found in your applications or sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade from a terminal should solve this

To be sure nothing else happened, i would check my source-lists and DNS-settings, if everythig is as it should do one of the above mentioned options


Following the comments, what solved this for me was:

# rm /var/cache/app-info/xmls/fwupd.xml
# appstreamcli refresh --force
AppStream cache update completed successfully.
# apt update

Everything seems fine now.

Should also add that I have version 0.10.6 installed from xenial/back-ports.


Wifi USB Adaptor not getting enough power

You can try to override the powersave on the USB bus by doing a sudo su and invoking:

for i in /sys/bus/usb/devices/usb*/power/control ; do echo "on" >$i ;done

Maybe it will work for you.


Automatically run xbmc at bootup in lubuntu

Either you try adding the command at

/etc/rc.d/rc.local

or

$ mv yourcommand.sh /etc/init.d/
$ sudo chmod 755 /etc/init.d/yourcommand.sh
$ sudo update-rc.d yourcommand.sh defaults


you need to add the  https://launchpad.net/~gnome3-team/+archive/ubuntu/gnome3-staging ppa. It's the one with gnome 3.16


It's more than unlikely that Brasero caused your drive to fail. Brasero cannot really cause hardware damage, and so if your drive is failing, it's likely that the hardware itself was already faulty or needed replacement.


Host virtual box hard disk on another partition

Yes, you can. Open VirtualBox main window, go to File, Preferences and change the Default Machine Folder to the folder/partition you want.


File browser: Get total duration of selected audio/video files

Here is a Nautilus Script
 - Select files in nautilus
 - Right-click on it
 - In context menu, select Script > NameOfScript

Installation:
Install the mediainfo program if not present sudo apt install mediainfo
Save the script to a file in ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts
Make it executable chmod +x ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/scriptname
Visit the scripts directory once with nautilus nautilus ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts

#!/bin/bash

# Selected fileslist to Array
OLDIFS=$IFS
IFS=$'\n'
fileArray=($NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS)
IFS=$OLDIFS

# Length of array: total num of selected files
NbFiles=${#fileArray[@]}

# The loop
for (( i=0; i < ${NbFiles}; i++ ));
do
    # Get duration if file is media (audio or video)
    buff=$(file -N -i "${fileArray[$i]}" | grep -E 'audio|video')
    if [ ! -z  "$buff" ]
        then
            # mediainfo gives duration in milliseconds, easy to sum up
            MediaDuration=$(mediainfo --Output='General;%Duration%' "${fileArray[$i]}")
            TotalDuration=$((TotalDuration + MediaDuration))
            NbMedia=$((NbMedia + 1))
    fi
done

# Format Duration: milliseconds to H:M:S
Seconds=$((TotalDuration / 1000))
FormattedDuration=$(printf '%02dh:%02dm:%02ds\n' $(($Seconds/3600)) $(($Seconds%3600/60)) $(($Seconds%60)))

# Build report
ReportText="${NbFiles} File"
test $NbFiles -gt 1 && ReportText="${ReportText}s"
ReportText="${ReportText} selected\n"
test $NbMedia -gt 0 && ReportText="${ReportText}${NbMedia} media file" || ReportText="${ReportText}No media file"
test $NbMedia -gt 1 && ReportText="${ReportText}s"
test $NbMedia -gt 0 && ReportText="${ReportText}\nTotal duration: ${FormattedDuration}"

zenity  --info --no-wrap --text="${ReportText}"


Why vsftpd doesnt work when pam_service_name=vsftpd?

I faced the same authentication error with pam_service_name=vsftpd.

Following advice online, I couldn't work out why setting pam_service_name=ftp fixed the problem so I tested setting this to pam_service_name=foobar and it also fixed the issue!

Disclaimer: I too am new to linux however I believe the generally accepted advice to set pam_service_name=ftp is wrong.

pam_service_name=vsftpd selects the existing configuration file /etc/pam.d/vsftpd, however pam_service_name=ftp will look for /etc/pam.d/ftp which does not exist (at least on my system - Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS).  I suspect this is actually bypassing the PAM authentication without complaining it can't find the file.

By not using a valid PAM config, it may less secure.

Final solution

I ended up keeping pam_service_name=vsftpd and made sure the user's shell existed in the /etc/shells file.  http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/howto-linux-shell-restricting-access.html

Looking at /etc/pam.d/vsftd

# Standard behaviour for ftpd(8).
auth    required    pam_listfile.so item=user sense=deny file=/etc/ftpusers onerr=succeed

# Note: vsftpd handles anonymous logins on its own. Do not enable pam_ftp.so.

# Standard pam includes
@include common-account
@include common-session
@include common-auth
auth    required    pam_shells.so

My issue was that it was failing at the auth required pam_shells.so step.  I had made all my FTP users use the /usr/sbin/nologin shell which didn't exist in the /etc/shells file (non-ubuntu this might be just /sbin/nologin).  If you're not sure, try commenting out the auth required pam_shells.so to see if this is the cause when pam_service_name=vsftpd.

Note: Further reading suggests it is cleaner to instead create virtual users but this requires different vsftpd and PAM configuration - http://www.sigerr.org/linux/setup-vsftpd-custom-multiple-directories-users-accounts-ubuntu-step-by-step/.


Multiple operating systems on one computer

Ok your question is a little bit foggy. Could you please tell me the specs of your computer i.e hardisk space, model e.t.c also the current operating system installed on it.
 Well a windows operating system is currently installed on it well it as simple as partioning your hard disk to make space for ubuntu, downloading your ubuntu iso , using Unetbootin to create a bootable Usb (USB has to to be at least 2GB) and installing the ubuntu iso image into the USB using Unetbootin. When that is done just restart your computer (while keeping the bootable usb you just created connected to your computer at during the whole process) , I dont know what your key is but just after the computer starts to boot up just press Escape (That's what i do anyways) select BIOS menu Navigate to where it says Boot Device or something like that ,make usb to be the first item on list, save and exit . It should boot you up to the Ubuntu setup . The installation of ubuntu should detect that you have Windows installed on you computer and ask you if it should be installed side-by-side or should delete windows and install ubuntu only (you should know what to choose).

 When its done whenever you boot up it should ask you what OS you want to boot up to.

  Edit How to partion your hard disk Visit http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/gg309170.aspx


Alright I happen to fix the issue,
After all I was looking at the wrong spots as @Kaz Wolfe suggested and I thought in the first place that my ethernet adapter was enp0s3 but after all it was enp2s0 I changed the /etc/network/interfaces file to be the following

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto enp2s0
iface enp2s0 inet static
    address 10.0.0.254
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    network 10.0.0.0
    broadcast 10.0.0.255
    gateway 10.0.0.6
    dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 208.67.222.222

Then I simply ran sudo service networking restart and ping google.com and it worked!
It still does contain a lot of other network interfaces which I am not sure of what they are doing there but I think it has to do with docker and mapping ports so I will leave them alone.


What is the WinE or Ubuntu version of doing this?

Open a terminal via Ctrl+Alt+T
Open the hosts file in an editor with the command below

sudo nano /etc/hosts

Copy the given lines
Paste with Ctrl+Shift+V into the editor
Save with Ctrl+O
Exit with Ctrl+X


Accidentally deleted /etc/ - what can I do?

Unless you did a custom install with /home and / on different mount points. You will have to start from scratch or start a live cd and run a hard drive recovery program to recover the /etc folder.


Building Atom from source fails with error referring to folder I can't find, even on github

I had the save problem when I was trying build Atom for 32-bit Ubuntu version. Fortunately, you can install Atom via PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/atom
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install atom

Source: Installing Atom text editor on 32-bit Ubuntu
Also, you can check current available for installation version via PPA here (thanks to Elder Geek): https://www.ubuntuupdates.org/ppa/atom


http://brainstorm.ubuntu.com/ email not working

Have you checked your spam folder?
Have you tried to do a password reset?
If the above failed: have you tried to create a new user?
If all of the above fails, you can try to contact the moderators  of brainstorm.ubuntu.com.


XRDP client cant see task menu nor buttons (remote connection)

You need x11rdp whose binary is not included by default.

Great job Kevin!
Above link will allow you to compile from source.

I had the same issue, no menu or taskbar only the background and I tried ubuntu-2d and gnome-fallback. None of them worked. After installing x11rdp it worked like a charm.

After install, run your RDPsesconfig.sh and in remote desktop from Windows choose sesman-X11rdp instead of sesman-vnc. 32-bit color works for me fine with ubuntu 12.04.


What software can display raw bitmaps on Linux?

Turns out Gimp can do this. Just open the file as raw, and you get this helpful dialog that allows you to preview the image:


Is it possible to setup auto-detection of HDMI?

It is possible, some Linux graphics drivers have HDMI hot-plug events, some require special options to be enabled for them to fire. Graphics driver developers though haven't been focusing much time on the functionality so I don't know if it will work for your brand of graphics card:

RadeonHD details: http://wiki.x.org/wiki/radeonhd


gedit external tools cannot locate latexmk

That has to be a problem with $PATH. Put the directory where you find latexmk (result of which latexmk) in front of the latexmk in your script.


I wouldn't worry about it. It won't lead to future problems just existing. A chainloader is used in grub to boot windows, grub just passes control to the windows bootloader to boot windows. Just use either one to boot into Windows when you need to, and don't touch it. The windows bootloader somehow accidentally installed to two partitions for some reason.


Ubuntu 18.04 booting in console mode even after reinstalling drivers

The output of sudo systemctl status gdm:

Unit gdm.service could not be found.

Suggests that gdm3 the graphical login manager is missing ( probably removed by mistake ).
Installing ubuntu-desktop like so:
sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop

or if it the above tells you ubuntu-desktop is already installed, try reinstalling it like so:
sudo apt install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop

Should solve this problem.

As to what caused this, the answer is in your grep -E "remove|purge" /var/log/dpkg.log output:
2020-04-10 19:24:11 remove ubuntu-desktop:amd64 1.417.4
2020-04-10 19:24:27 remove gdm3:amd64 3.28.3-0ubuntu18.04.4

ubuntu-desktop the Ubuntu desktop environment and gdm3 the graphical login manager which is part of ubuntu-desktop were removed along with many other packages.
The reason they were removed although you might have not removed them in particular is one of two reasons:

You tried to remove or install a package while you have not ran sudo apt update in a long time and you did not pay attention to APT prompting you to accept the removal of packages and you just typed yes and pressed Enter. Yes you don't only need update to install, but you also need it to correctly remove packages.

They were removed as a parts of another package you tried to remove and again you did not pay attention to APT prompting you to accept the removal of packages and you just typed yes and pressed Enter

Best of luck.


E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) with libgimp3.0

In terminal type sudo gedit /var/lib/dpkg/info/gimp.postinst

Then find set -e and replace it with # set -e, save and close.

Then type sudo apt-get -f install

Before sudo apt update

And finally sudo apt upgrade

The issue should be fixed.


Why are my desktop icons really small and without text?

It turned out, I accidentally made a stupid mistake: One of the first things after installing Ubuntu is to reduce the default size of the list view in nautilus (since imho all default settings are much too large). As a result of my reduce-all-sizes I must have changed the "Default zoom level" under "Icon View Defaults" (under the "View" tab in nautilus' preferences) to the lowest level as well. Since I never ever use the icon view, I never realized that I've made this change and somehow it never occurred to me that this settings affects the look of my desktop icons as well... So in the end, I was able to solve this "issue" simply by setting an icon zoom level of 100% in nautilus.


Two finger scrolling lags on ubuntu 20.04

It is a linux bug, probably from the kernel with synaptic touchpads, just by putting the 2 fingers the cursor is lagged. This occurs on all existing versions of linux, with xorg-input-synaptics and libinput I checked on all. It is a software problem because in windows the touchpad is fluid.


If you were able to achieve static noise while recording, you were close to victory. You just had to change the sampling rate using console commands.


How can I remove my lastest Ubuntu recovery?

If the image you posted is from Grub, you do not need to remove anything to boot into a different kernel.  Just select it in Grub at boot time.


Can I revert from root the Ubuntu update from 16.4 to 18.4?

Essentially, you cannot downgrade an existing Ubuntu system. The only way to downgrade is to perform a fresh install, i.e., an install where you wipe out the existing install first.

A fresh install wipes out all system files, but also the user data if these are located on the same partition. If needed, you may want to save existing user data on your system first from a live session, before starting the install.


How can I disable 'focus follows mouse' when the Super key is pressed

enter Compiz Manager...search for the menu below "General" dont know the name in english...on it, you should see "Show Mouse" unselect it, and its done. But if you want to keep this config, just enter clicking on the icon and change the key to activate.

Hope it helps

Ed1

Well...the compiz manager installed on your computer is basic...so you need to install plugins for compiz..

sudo apt-get install compiz-plugins-extra

sudo apt-get update

exit

And then restart your machine...now should appear the menu with the show mouse option.


How to open a terminal from within Atom?

Try this package, I think it has exactly what you want.

Also, I suggest you to install term3 package. It works great for me, and I just don't have to bother with switching the windows as the terminal window is inside the atom editor.

Good luck!


Answer to "Color distortion after coming out from suspend on Ubuntu 18.04"
This is an answer; not a question. My previous answer was deleted by a moderator for being a new question. But in any case, have since found this solution: Install graphics drivers again to overwrite what ever started the issue. In Ubuntu that would be done by following the instructions from here: https://linoxide.com/how-to-install-nvidia-driver-on-ubuntu/


How can I display all users and groups with a command?

You can display with the help of compgen builtin command as follows:

To display all users run following command:

compgen -u

To display all groups run following command:

compgen -g

However you can also display all users by cut -d ":" -f 1 /etc/passwd.


Cannot change brightness on my laptop (Lenovo ThinkPad Edge E535)

I have the keys working. I had to download the latest drivers (testing not stable) from the AMD website. I found the problem in the Catalyst center when I didn't see the discrete graphics card.

I installed using the --buildpkg switch when I ran the drivers. The problem isn't the screen it is the video card driver.


How to share the public OpenPGP key using GnuPG?

From the command line:

Run gpg --list-keys 'your name' to list the keys you currently have  (replacing your name with the name you have while setting up):

$ gpg --list-keys muru
/home/muru/.gnupg/pubring.gpg
--------------------------------
pub   2048R/AD0CC9B4 2015-07-15
uid                  muru
sub   2048R/450DAD90 2015-07-15

Note the fingerprint of the key you want to export. The fingerprint of my public key is AD0CC9B4. To export it, I'll do gpg --export (-a is for ASCII armour, so that the key is in the usual base64-encoded form):

$ gpg -a --export AD0CC9B4
-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: GnuPG v1

mQENBFWm4zkBCADYo5ffanvwBVGMbfp3g+/RMYb41QRZXCGSUhZkU7m3BpPSoO/4
NBzD4KKAU6CTVzBmVmZoFGgK2dDIOv+ZCkB4USZM2cvvpu7I+jfaYZW7ouQ4uEYu
8xY8ugFn5ImsK4KN0OP+Iw1VBXLdvj/rEiV+gcH8QV0XhsfgczCxjS1dMV3AMD+h
# snip
Wo0X3XmrPpaHJf7MsjGmJGbHNX9ZLllyFWQPlNdu9ilLI9GMjSpJSqQ=
=l/Xm
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

You can redirect the output to a file:

gpg -a --export AD0CC9B4 > my-pubkey.asc

Then my-pubkey.asc should contain your ASCII-armoured public key.

The corresponding private key can be exported with:

gpg -a --export-secret-keys AD0CC9B4

The output of this command will begin with

-----BEGIN PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK-----


Can't find the option to disable secure boot in BIOS

First, I'm not sure your computer even uses an EFI; it might be a pure-BIOS system. I say this because this CNET page notes that it originally shipped with Windows 7. Although some machines, shipped late in the Windows 7 period, did come with EFIs, most systems that shipped with Windows 7 used a regular BIOS. Of course, the CNET page might be wrong, or your computer might have shipped with an EFI and Windows 7.

Second, many early EFI-based systems lacked Secure Boot support. Thus, even if you've got an EFI-based computer, you might not find any Secure Boot options.

Third, where Secure Boot options appear varies greatly -- although they sometimes appear on the "Security" tab, where you're looking, they're as likely to appear on the "Boot" tab or somewhere else. See this page of mine for several examples of how to disable Secure Boot. I can't promise your firmware settings will look exactly like any of those in my examples; in fact, I can almost promise that yours won't be an exact match to any of them. With any luck, though, yours will be at least similar to one that I've shown. (Assuming it really is an EFI-based system with Secure Boot support, not a BIOS-based one or an EFI-based computer without Secure Boot.)

Fourth, it's not clear to me why you think you're running into a Secure Boot issue. Ubuntu does support Secure Boot, and should install without problems, or even any extra hoop-jumping, on most computers with Secure Boot active. (There are exceptions to this rule, because of bugs in specific computers' implementations and other issues, but for the most part Ubuntu's Secure Boot support does work.) In particular, it sounds as if you've booted the installer, run it, and then get an error message when you reboot. If this is accurate, it's almost certainly not Secure Boot that's causing the problems, since a Secure Boot problem would have prevented you from booting the computer.

Chances are something else is causing you problems. This could be related to the Compatibility Support Module (CSM) on an EFI-based computer. See this page of mine for information on how a CSM can create problems. Alternatively, if you've got a BIOS-only computer, it could be that something has gone wrong when installing the BIOS-mode version of GRUB. To provide us with better information, please run the Boot Info Script. This will generate a file called RESULTS.txt. Post that file to a pastebin site and post the URL to your document here. This will give us more details about your configuration, which is required to base an answer on more than guesswork.


run a command if a string is present in a file

One common way is to use the exit status of a grep command

grep -qF TEST file && <command>

Ex. given

$ cat > somefile
This file contains TEST string
$ cat > otherfile
This file doesn't contain the string

then

$ grep -qF TEST somefile && echo "Do something"
Do something
$ grep -qF TEST otherfile && echo "Do something"
$


How do you share history between terminals in zsh?

The following options would be applicable:

To save every command before it is executed (this is different from bash's history -a solution):
 setopt inc_append_history

To read the history file everytime history is called upon as well as the functionality from inc_append_history:
 setopt share_history

These can be set in your .zshrc file.

⚠ Either set inc_append_history or share_history but not both. (see comments bellow)

When share_history is enabled, it reads and writes to the history file.
When inc_append_history is enabled, it only writes to the history file.

Related for bash:

Is it possible to make writing to .bash_history immediate?


Installing Ubuntu 11.10 on HP Envy 15 - Partition Problems

I have an HP DV6tSE which is a very similar laptop to your Envy15. They do share the same partitions layout. I used Wubi for a long because of this issue with 4 primary partition until a found a forum post on how to do it. Here's a Step by Step guide on what's need to be done to install Ubuntu on dual boot with Windows. http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=11299287&postcount=5

Note: Your windows install will be deleted, but you can back up your files and bring them up again.


How to disable password prompt for default keyring?

You have to enter your password keyring as it wants you to enter it so it can access the internet. It does it my computer. So if you don't want to access the internet, then exit the window.


Will the ubuntu 16.4.2 LTS installer be able to automatically configure the bootloader on a win 10 laptop?

Yeah grub and os-prober makes real dualbooting with Windows, so don't worry about that... you dont have to configure nothing.
Is completely normal that you computer don't want to boot the USB automatically because that option is disabled by default in the BIOS, just make sure to free a bit of your hard drive space from Windows Disk Manager utility. And when you do that, reboot the computer and the Wubi installer will do his magic selecting the option "install Ubuntu alongside Windows".
Here's an example
Boot Windows
Press ⊞ + X and select "Disk Manager"
Select the most large partition, and then right-click in Shrink Volume

Now the math part, the ammount of space that you want for Ubuntu, multiply * 1024, for me I just want 64 GB so that is 64 GB * 1024 = 65536 MB
So I will enter 65536 for shrink

and then you will see a black square. Just don't touch that, we don't want to assign any filesystem. Also the Installer will recognize that ammount of space, for automatically install Ubuntu.

And that's how to shrink space from Windows, once you do that just select the first option when installing from Live Session, "Install alongside Windows 10" and make sure to disable "secure boot" option in the BIOS because that thing is a pain in the ass for multiboot.

Hope this helps,
For booting the USB try F12 / F11 / F9 keys.
For entering BIOS press F2 or DEL / SUPR keys.
PS.Sorry for the pictures in spanish.


It's because you didn't add the key. If you're using the official Samba repo, they have the code to add the key here.


How to remove the keyboard layout icon from the Panel notification area in Unity?

Open the system settings:

Open the Keyboard icon:

Open the Layout Settings and select text entry:

Deselect the "Show current input source in the menu bar"


Converting XSL files to CSV files in command line

I would start by closing LibreOffice. That has caused issues for me in the past with unoconv but it has been hard to predict. It's easiest to just let unoconv launch its own processing server. If you think you've done that but you're seeing the same error, run killall soffice.bin and try again.

In terms of retaining the same name, it does that by default.

unoconv -f csv filename.xls

That will create a filename.csv file. In my mind, this is really desirable because then you know the format of the file (and you won't try to do silly things by accident). And that works for wildcards too:

$ ls *.xls
ie_data.xls  QTL_Sample_data.xls  WBC_FTTC_Price_List_Entry_16-Aug-10.xls

$ unoconv -f csv *.xls

$ ls *.csv
ie_data.csv  QTL_Sample_data.csv  WBC_FTTC_Price_List_Entry_16-Aug-10.csv

So you just need to get it up and running and it'll do what you want.


Network manager can't get IP on home wifi (Atheros AR9485)

When we see trouble connecting coupled with low signal trength, we suspect that one or both antenna wires are loose. Can you please check?

In many cases, there is a small door on the bottom of laptops that allows access to the wireless card.


How to disable automount of an harddrive?

Run these two commands:
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.media-handling automount 'false'
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.media-handling automount-open 'false'

Or you can try it with a udev rule:
sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/85-no-automount.rule
Paste this line SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ENV{UDISKS_AUTO}="0" and save the file.
Reboot the system.


If you read your /etc/apt/sources.list you will see some lines there that look like these

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted

that is where the updated lists are coming from.

apt-get will read that config file when you issue apt-get update, download the new package lists and when you issue and apt-get upgrade it will download the updated packages for your system based on those lists.

The information for the lists is kept under /var/lib/apt/lists/*_Release files

Here is an example from the file security.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_oneiric-security_Release in that directory:

Origin: Ubuntu
Label: Ubuntu
Suite: oneiric-security
Version: 11.10
Codename: oneiric
Date: Tue, 17 Jan 2012 16:38:19 UTC
Architectures: amd64 armel i386 powerpc
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Description: Ubuntu Oneiric Security

So in your case the Ubuntu would come from the Origin and 10.04 would come from the Version and the lucid-updates would come from Suite keys.


I suppose that you have tried https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LiveCDNetboot.

I used to avoid drivers problems (no sure about your case) with different machines by boot using the whole LiveCD through network (tftp). (client should enough RAM to hold the whole CD image). 128MB above CD size will be good.

MemDisk is a netboot Kernel to load iso, img images.

My self I have tried booting 700MB image without any problem. Now, I use Ubuntu Mini ~13MB (So, it will work with low RAM clients).

LABEL mini_ubutnu
    MENU LABEL Mini-Ubuntu
    KERNEL memdisk
    APPEND initrd=ubuntu_mini.iso

I extracted an Alternative CD to be served through an Apache web server as a Package Repository. (I didn't modify image to use local repository, each time I fill manually the URL)

You can even flash Bios through netboot.

LABEL slitaz
    MENU LABEL ^Slitaz.iso
    KERNEL memdisk
    APPEND initrd=slitaz-cooking.iso

LABEL freedos_std
    MENU LABEL ^FreeDOS STD
    KERNEL memdisk
    APPEND initrd=FDSTD.144

LABEL bios_flash
    MENU LABEL Bios Flash
    KERNEL memdisk
    APPEND initrd=bios_flash.img


How do I install DVD encryption library in Ubuntu 12.04?

Ubuntu 12.04: Play Film / Movie DVDs
Check out this page https://help.ubuntu.com/12.04/ubuntu-help/video-dvd-restricted.html.

  Install libdvdnav4, libdvdread4, gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad, and
  gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly. (see links on original post. They have
  already been installed with the media packages incl non-open source
  components... )

  If you would like to play encrypted DVDs (see the legal note above),
  open the Dash and launch a Terminal.

  Type the following into the screen which appears, then press Enter:
  sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/install-css.sh Enter your password to
  complete the installation.

  Alternatively - if you are a bit lazy like myself - rather than typing
  this command, you can also copy (normal ctrl-c) and paste it (using
  ctrl-shift-v) directly into the terminal console!

Unfortunately Ubuntu doesn't feature encrypted DVD playing for copyright reasons. Blame the film industry for that.

This  post serves as a bookmark to myself, because I tend to forget these steps every time I install Ubuntu. And honestly, I think 12.04 (Precise Pengolin) is a bit less update friendly than previous versions. All my Ubuntu installations had a few hiccups after updating to 12.04. Mainly video playing, and Flash seemed jerky and crashed frequently. Since I made fresh complete re-installs with 64bit 12.04, these annoying bugs seem gone...

I also used that occasion to install the 64-bit version on my Lenovo Thinkpad Edge. Overall impression, much smoother, better video, sound, no crashes, no trouble with Flash... I haven't speed-tested my previous installation, so I can't run benchmark comparisons, but the 64-bit feels faster.

Another reminder to myself: the great Ubuntu Multimedia overview page by the German Ubuntuusers.de
http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Multimedia
Posted by Moritz Schroeder at Sunday, June 03, 2012


How can I set byobu to launch already split into four terminals, or quartered?

All of the keybindings are only really "guaranteed" to work perfectly in gnome-terminal.  Other terminals (tty, putty, iterm, konsole, Windows cmd.exe) eat the control/shift/alt and f-keys in non-obvious ways.  That's the source of your ctrl-F2 problem -- the tty doesn't pass on ctrl-F2 to tmux properly.

As for splitting Byobu into 4 terminals, you can create a window layout and save it.  See the byobu(1) manpage for instructions.

Full disclosure: I'm the author and maintainer of Byobu.


How to add "Show hidden files" in right click Menu in Nautilus?

Yes‚ you can do it with this steps:

nano ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/hide_or_show

And then paste this lines to it:

#!/bin/bash
OLDSTATE=$(gsettings get org.gtk.Settings.FileChooser show-hidden)
if [ "$OLDSTATE" == "false" ] ; then
gsettings set org.gtk.Settings.FileChooser show-hidden true
else
gsettings set org.gtk.Settings.FileChooser show-hidden false
fi

And then make this file executable:

chmod +x  ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/hide_or_show

And then restart nautilus:

nautilus -q

And after this you can right-click on any files and then from scripts choose hide_or_show.

But if you want to hide_or_show display every where like empty space (not only when a files is selected):

1.Install nautilus-actions:

sudo apt install nautilus-actions

2.Then click on Define a new action.

3.From action tab, in the Context-label field, type hide_or_show (or any other names that you want)

4.Then check the Display item in location context menu.

5.From Command tab, in the Path, type /home/YOURUSERNAME/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/hide_or_show

6.Then save the changes by Ctrl+s and then restart nautilus:

nautilus -q

So with this steps hide_or_show is always visible in context menu > nautilus Actions action.


Can I run Ubuntu OS on a Android 4.0 tablet?

I am assuming you are looking for something like Ubuntu for Android.

http://www.ubuntu.com/devices/android

Canonical is also working on a Ubuntu for Phones (including tablets) which is going to be available for download anytime soon

http://www.ubuntu.com/devices/phone
What hardware does Ubuntu Touch support?
When is Ubuntu Phone/Touch coming to the U.S.?

its all work in progress though and it does not guarantee that it will work on your tablet.

Neither of those solutions are available to the public yet! and the first one is explicitly is for OEMs (thanks to Uri Herrera for pointing it out).


Cannot Create Bootable USB Drive from .iso file

Download Ubuntu Desktop

Open the Terminal (in /Applications/Utilities/ or query Terminal in Spotlight).

Convert the .iso file to .img using the convert option of hdiutil (e.g., hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o ~/path/to/target.img ~/path/to/ubuntu.iso)
Note: OS X tends to put the .dmg ending on the output file automatically.

Run diskutil list to get the current list of devices.

Insert your flash media.

Run diskutil list again and determine the device node assigned to your flash media (e.g. /dev/disk2).

Run diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN (replace N with the disk number from the last command; in the previous example, N would be 2).

Execute sudo dd if=/path/to/downloaded.img of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1m (replace /path/to/downloaded.img with the path where the image file is located; for example, ./ubuntu.imgor ./ubuntu.dmg).
Using /dev/rdisk instead of /dev/disk may be faster
If you see the error dd: Invalid number '1m', you are using GNU dd. Use the same command but replace bs=1m with bs=1M
If you see the error dd: /dev/diskN: Resource busy, make sure the disk is not in use. Start the 'Disk Utility.app' and unmount (don't eject) the drive

Run diskutil eject /dev/diskN and remove your flash media when the command completes.

Restart your Mac and press alt/option key while the Mac is restarting to choose the USB stick.

there!


The news filters you specified will log traffic from an NNTP server.  It sounds like you want network traffic.  You'll need a program that logs that sort of information.  Check out netstat or nagios.

/var/logauth.log is only going to give you information on attempts to log into your box, not things such as pinging or connecting to a specific port.


After successfully booting w/out install from USB, how to access the same USB?

Put USB drive in USB port, open the file manager, look under places for your flash drive, click on it.

Forgot that I was using Mint, but the screen shot should be pretty close to what you should see.


I don't think it's possible. It's Qt toolkit behavior. If it was possible, you are also using other graphical toolkits in applications like Chrome (GTK), so you would have to patch each of them.

I think this is a standard behavior in many toolkits which is too difficult to disable in all applications.


Preserve permissions files in sync cloud folder

After surfing the net, the most suitable solution fits to me is to write a script which runs at the beginning of each session with the following code:

#!/bin/bash

# Destination directory
cd ~/bin

# Set all the files as executable
find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 775

In this way every time I start a session on any of my two computers, all the files located in the ~/bin directory are executable in this session.


Change web browser shown in the Ubuntu Desktop application launcher?

Locate Chrome In Applications → Internet, right click on it and select Add launcher to panel.


How can I see if I have software-properties-common installed?

You can query with apt, for example

apt policy software-properties-common

or

apt list --installed software-properties*

or with dpkg

dpkg -l software-properties-common

However it won't do any harm to follow the installation instructions - you would just get a message like

software-properties-common is already the newest version (0.96.24.32.7).

if it is already installed.


Empty Disk when trying to install dual-boot system

This symptom is usually caused by one of two problems:

Leftover software RAID data -- If the disk had been (or is being) used with software RAID, leftover RAID data can confuse the Ubuntu installer. You can usually fix this problem by typing sudo dmraid -E -r /dev/sda; however, you should be very sure that you're not currently using software RAID. If you erase RAID data when the system is actually using RAID, the result can be problems accessing your disk at all.
A damaged partition table -- The libparted library (upon which the Ubuntu installer relies) is extremely sensitive to partition table problems. If any exist, it usually reports the disk as being empty. My FixParts program (part of the gdisk package in Ubuntu) will correct many of these problems in an automatic or semi-automatic mannger; see its Web page for details. Other problems may require more specialized and manual repairs. If you think this is the source of the problem and if FixParts can't fix it or if you're wary of using FixParts, post the output of sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda. (Add four spaces to the beginning of each line of that output to preserve columnar output.) If the disk uses GPT rather than MBR partitions, type sudo sgdisk -v /dev/sda and post the output here. (Both FixParts and sgdisk are part of the gdisk package in Ubuntu.)


Wi-Fi..Ethernet..Nothing Works for 13.10

that happen to me.
Just run in terminal

uname -a

if the kernall is less than 3.11.0.12
then you should update grub

sudo update-grub2

if you have two systems
then update the grub from other system


How to create a shared partition between Ubuntu and Windows

That huge unallocated space you have is perfect for enlarging your existing extended partition. Since Ubuntu can interact with NTFS (Windows) partitions, but Windows cannot interact with EXT4 (Linux) partitions, your best option is to create an NTFS partition in that free space.

First click /dev/sda4 and drag it to the right, then create another partition inside the free space.

Windows allows you to change the location of certain user folders, such as Downloads, Documents, Music, etc. You can do that from each folder's Properties. It would help with integration to change their locations to somewhere on the data partition.

You can then follow this answer to setup up shortcuts from Ubuntu to the corresponding directories on the data partition.


What is implied by these UPS related messages?

Seems like a bad USB-port or a bad USB-cable. It should not just disconnect for no reason.

Try changing the USB-port on your PC.
Try another USB-cable.


What is the correct syntax for /etc/network/interfaces?

Wireless will require the addition of the network you intend to connect to and any encryption details. Also, your interfaces file is a bit busy; may I suggest:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
address 192.168.1.xxx
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
wpa-ssid mynetwork
wpa-psk 0123456789

dns-nameservers 208.67.222.222 8.8.8.8
dns-search lan
dns-domain lan

I also suggested a backup DNS nameserver. If you are not using WPA or WPA2, the wording will be slightly different.


Ubuntu Default LibreOffice - Is it a Snap ? Can it be?

The choice is up to the application packager.  They can package deb or snap (or both) as they please. Either can be installed upon a new-install, or migrated upon a release-upgrade. The Ubuntu project does not have a preference.

LibreOffice, for example, is available in both deb and snap in 17.10. Note that different versions are packaged for the same release of Ubuntu:

$ apt show libreoffice | grep Version
Version: 1:5.4.5-0ubuntu0.17.10.1

$ snap search libreoffice
Name         Version  Developer  Notes  Summary
libreoffice  6.0.1.1  canonical  -      LibreOffice is a powerful office suite including word processing and creation of spreadsheets, slideshows and databases

The Ubuntu Desktop Team's criteria for selecting snap vs. deb for inclusion in the default install is fairly simple: Which will generate fewer bug reports and fewer support questions?


In 12.04 clicking on the launcher icon does not show expo mode for multiple windows

I have the same problem since there was a Unity update a few days ago. This is due to Unity 5.12, as 5.10 worked perfectly. This is obviously a pretty serious bug, which can only be solved downgrading to version 5.10 (which I did).


Where is remainder of icon bar? I have many programs installed on 16.04 but cannot find them

There is no locating bar for installed applications. You can find them by simply this command :

dpkg --listfiles <package_name>

For example if you want the installed location for firefox use

dpkg --listfiles firefox


How can I remove the Ubuntu 11.04 disk partition so that there is enough free disk space to install 12.04?

Why would you need to " add another partition large enough to run Ubuntu 12.04" as you state?

When you insert the live CD and choose install Ubuntu at some point you are asked how the disc lay-out needs to be when installing Ubuntu 12.04.
You can remove 11.04 from there and even remove all partitions and even create new ones.

Only if you need to have some other OS to remain intact you need to be careful not to remove the partitions that OS is on but if their is only 1 OS and it needs to go the installer is the easiest place to do so.


I have a few suggestions, none of which is guaranteed to work:

Try checking your firmware options; several may be relevant:

There may be one to enable/disable booting from USB devices.
There may also be options related to USB initialization. Some settings will cause the computer to skip USB initialization altogether or to do "quick" initialization.
"Fast boot" options may cause the system to skip or do "quick" USB initialization, so disable any such setting you find.

Try unplugging your USB boot device, reboot, plug the device back in, and reboot again.
Try installing my rEFInd boot manager. There's a chance that it will present a boot option that your built-in boot manager doesn't. (Note that you'll need to uncomment and adjust the scanfor line if you want to boot BIOS-mode USB flash drives.) Also, check back in the future, because I'm working on improving the legacy boot options, which might cause rEFInd to detect such devices more reliably. The code isn't ready for release just yet, though. If you install rEFInd via its Debian package or by running the install.sh script, it will become your default boot manager. If you want to keep using GRUB for that, you'll need to do a manual installation (skipping the use of efibootmgr) and then adjust your GRUB configuration to provide an option to launch rEFInd.
Try mounting a USB device that has an EFI boot mode and then using efibootmgr to add an entry to the EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi file on that device. (Read the efibootmgr man page or see here for information on using efibootmgr.) Note that the entry you create will work only for the EFI-bootable medium you've just registered (it won't work for another USB flash drive), and some EFIs might erase it if you boot with the flash drive unplugged.


Script that adopts non-sudo user cannot find command that is available to that user

When you invoke the bash -l shell and then interact with it on the command line, the new bash login shell is interactive, as you can confirm by examining the value of special parameter $-:
steeldriver@machine:~$ sudo -u testuser -H bash -l
testuser@machine:/home/steeldriver$ echo $-
himBHs
testuser@machine:/home/steeldriver$ exit
logout

When you invoke bash -l via a here-document, you get a non-interactive login shell:
steeldriver@machine:~$ sudo -u testuser -H bash -l << HERE
echo \$-
HERE
hBs
steeldriver@machine:~$

(note that I escaped $- in order to prevent it from being expanded by the interactive parent shell).
According to man bash, bash login shells are initialized with ~/.profile (or ~/.bash_profile if present) while non-login shells are initialized with ~/.bashrc. Ubuntu muddies the waters somewhat by conditionally sourcing ~/.bashrc from ~/.profile. However the rc file has an interactivity check built in:
$ sudo -u testuser -H head /home/testuser/.bashrc
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples

# If not running interactively, don't do anything
case $- in
    *i*) ;;
      *) return;;
esac

So in the non-interactive case, ~/.bashrc bails almost immediately, bypassing any PATH specifications that you may have added later in the file, while in the interactive case, the whole of your ~/.bashrc is processed (in spite of being in a login shell), and your npm PATH is likely being added there.


Patterned from the scripts found here you can create your own.

First, create a udev script for the hot-plugging of your monitors.  Copy and paste the following in a terminal window:

sudo bash -c 'echo "ACTION==\"change\", SUBSYSTEM==\"drm\", ENV{HOTPLUG}==\"1\", RUN+=\"/usr/local/bin/monitor-hotplug.sh\"" > /etc/udev/rules.d/99-monitor-hotplug.rules'

Then create your script that will be called from the udev:

sudo bash -c 'echo "xrandr --output DP-4 --scale 1.5x1.5" > /usr/local/bin/monitor-hotplug.sh'

Then make the script executable:

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/monitor-hotplug.sh

You might have to reboot your host for this to take effect.

Hope this helps!


Use Clonezilla on a USB to duplicate local HDD to the new one.

Create and boot Clonezilla on a laptop/desktop with backup HDD inside
After booting, plugin new HDD with a USB adapter
Clone local HDD to USB HDD
Replace local HDD with new one and boot the system


Gephi

Gephi is a Open Source Visualization tool.

It can do analyze data and result visual statistics.

Can download from gephi.org.


The terminal plays only a minor role in that: the specific colour combinations are from the terminal's palette. But the rest of it is likely to be one of those zsh themes featured in oh-my-zsh, using powerline. Googling "oh my zsh emoji" quickly leads you to the "wild cherry" theme:

  This is a customized version of agnoster and remy.
  In order for this theme to render correctly, you will need a Powerline-patched font.

Note that the emoji appearance of course depends on the fonts available, and emoji fonts on Ubuntu aren't that good. The screenshot is probably from a Mac.


How to set nautilus to --no-desktop via gconf

Yes, in Gnome 3, Gconf is being replaced by DConf, which is accessed through GSettings. You can use dconf-editor from the dconf-tools package to explore. It's very similar to gconf-editor.

The entries your looking for are located at org -> gnome -> desktop -> background

Uncheck draw-background AND show-desktop-icons

No more openbox menu and wallpaper problems :)


This is similar to this question, except that there, space outside of an extended partition was moved into an extended partition, and then used by a logical partition (in the extended). In this question, space inside an extended partition needs to be moved out of the extended partition, and used by a primary partition. While the situations are different, I've based this answer on my answer to that question.

First, make sure that:

All your documents and other important (i.e., hard to replace) files from all your partitions are backed up. Moving and resizing partitions dynamically carries with it a small risk of data loss (for example, if there is a power failure, if one of your filesystems is broken in a way GParted does not know how to detect, or if there is a bug in GParted), plus you could make a mistake and accidentally wipe something out.
You are running from a live CD/DVD or USB flash drive, rather than running GParted out of the installed Ubuntu system. It is unsafe (and would almost certainly not succeed) to dynamically move and resize partitions on the same physical disk as the OS you use to do it.

Provided that this is taken care of, you have to perform 4 (or 5) operations. It will definitely take a while for GParted to perform them.

Shrink /dev/sda7 (/) down to whatever size you like. Remember to leave some space, because you need to have some free space on / for Ubuntu to update and install software, store non-user-specific files (including global configuration files), keep system logs, and so that applications can store data in /var and /tmp.

I recommend shrinking this on the left (i.e., increasing Free space preceding). However, if you are insistent on attempting to reclaim the 3 MiB of space between the end of /dev/sda7 (/) and /dev/sda5 (your swap partition), then you might as well instead shrink it on the right (increasing Free space following), then move the partition to the right. Please note that performing these two separate operations will make things take longer, and is almost certainly not worth it if your goal is to maximize available space. On the other hand, if the issue is that you're personally bugged by an ugly partition table, go ahead. ;-)

This step creates unallocated space in the extended partition, between /dev/sda6 (/home) and /dev/sda7 (/).
Move /dev/sda6 (/home) as far to the right as it will go, inside the extended partition. This moves the unallocated space to the very beginning (i.e., left side) of the extended partition.
Shrink /dev/sda4 (the extended partition) on the left (increasing the Free space preceding). When I tried this to make sure it would work properly, I found that it did, but that I had to manually specify a different Free space preceding number. Once I supplied any number manually, I was then able to shrink my extended partition easily by dragging its left edge to the right (as you'd expect to be able to do from the get-go). I'm not sure if you will experience this issue, but if you do, you can use that workaround.

This step moves the unallocated space out of the the extended partition.
Expand /dev/sda3 (/windows-d) on the right as much as possible (decreasing Free space following), so that its right edge is flush with (or as close as possible to) the left edge of /dev/sda4 (the extended partition you've just shrunk down).

This step moves eliminates the unallocated space, converting it into free space inside your /dev/sda3 Windows partition.

You must apply your changes to get GParted to perform the operations. To do this, click the green check-mark. After the operations complete, make sure your partition layout looks the way you want it, and quit GParted.

Since you have no separate /boot partition, the boot files for your Ubuntu system are located in the / partition (/dev/sda7). Since you have changed where this partition starts (i.e., the location of its left edge), and where the extended partition that contains it starts, it's likely that your Ubuntu system will not be able to boot. Fortunately, fixing this is easy, and consists of reinstalling GRUB2 (your boot loader) to your Master Boot Record.

If you want to try shutting down / restarting the live CD/DVD/USB system and booting into your Ubuntu system at this point, you can, but it's likely enough that you'll have to reinstall GRUB2 to the MBR that I recommend just doing it before rebooting. You can use any of the methods presented here.

Since you'll probably have to do this, I'll detail one method in this answer (with specifics of your system filled in). In the live CD/DVD/USB system, open a Terminal window (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run these commands:

sudo mount /dev/sda7 /mnt
sudo grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/sda
sudo umount /mnt

Then reboot into the Ubuntu system installed on the hard disk, to make sure everything is working. It's also a good idea to boot into the Windows, and make sure it recognizes the NTFS partition. If Windows wants to perform a chkdsk scan and fix problems, you should let it.


Your case seem this FAQ https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuOne/FAQ/WhyIsItTakingSoLongForMyFilesToSync


Adding this PPA repository to your system may solve.
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rock-core/qt4
sudo apt-get update

Then run to install qt4.
sudo apt-get install libqtcore4


How do I remove a package with "rU" status?

Multi-arch packages should be suffixed with :arch where arch is i386 or amd64. Try the i386 version of libgtk1.2 by explicitly naming it:

sudo apt-get purge libgtk1.2:i386

If this fails due to dependency issues, try adding the -f option.

Where did you get these libraries from? The current GTK+ library is at 2.24-4 for Natty (libgtk2.0-0). libgtk1.2 can be found in Hardy and Dapper according to packages.ubuntu.com.


How to connect Ubuntu 20.04 minimal instance to a L2TP vpn?

Looking at the following NetworkManager source code where it outputs the Could not find source connection error you are getting :

https://github.com/NetworkManager/NetworkManager/blob/1.30.2/src/core/nm-manager.c#L5119

the only way it can happen is if the parent connection isn't set which in turn is because priv->primary_connection isn't set. Which seems to indicate NetworkManager doesn't know what the primary connection is for some reason in your case.
For some primary connection debugging, if you run nmcli monitor and then pull out the Ethernet cable, wait a few seconds and then put it back, you should see the following messages amongst others:

There's no primary connection
'Wired connection 1' is now the primary connection


I would assume that if you open the Dash, and type firefox that in fact FireFox will still run.  While it is open and running, you should be able to right click on the icon in the Dash bar for Firefox, and then choose to "Add to favorites"

Please note that Ubuntu 15.04 is past end-of-life, and you will have increasing trouble getting support for that version of the operating system.


Need help installing DDrescue on Ubuntu 16.04 thumb drive

I use ddrescue installed from the universe repository in my installed system.

You can install it in a live-only or persistent live system too. In that case you need to add 'universe' to standard Ubuntu (while it is already there in the live systems of many of the community flavours, for example Lubuntu),

sudo add-apt-repository universe

and then run

sudo apt update
sudo apt install gddrescue

note:gddrescue is the name of the package, which contains the program ddrescue

The following link contains a description of how to use it to clone a failing drive,

Repair the partition table and file system of a pendrive

Scroll down to "Advanced repair of a partition table, file system and/or recovery of files"

Please notice that the manual (the info page)

info ddrescue

is very good. You can try according to one of the examples (in info ddrescue).


Is there a way to fill an image with its background color to square size?

You can use the following command which requires imagemagick (sudo apt-get install imagemagick):

pic="ty338.png"; convert $pic -trim $pic ; width=$(identify -format "%w" $pic); height=$(identify -format "%h" $pic); new_dim=$((width > height ? width+10 : height+10)); convert $pic -gravity center -extent "${new_dim}x${new_dim}" $pic

The first convert command trims your picture to remove borders
Then I use identify to find the max dimension (width or height)
I add a 10px border (feel free to change or remove it)
Finally the last convert command use -gravity to center the logo in a square canvas.

You can even paste this command into a bash function in your $HOME/.bashrc:

squarize()
{
    pic=$1
    convert $pic -trim $pic
    width=$(identify -format "%w" $pic)
    height=$(identify -format "%h" $pic)
    new_dim=$((width > height ? width+10 : height+10))
    convert $pic -gravity center -extent "${new_dim}x${new_dim}" $pic
}


Vulkan: failed with VK_ERROR_INITIALIZATION_FAILED

What worked for me was the following from terminal:

Install mesa-vulkan-drivers and vulkan-tools
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade`
sudo apt install mesa-vulkan-drivers vulkan-tools`

Edit /etc/default/grub using
sudoedit /etc/default/grub

and append
amdgpu.si_support=1 radeon.si_support=0 amdgpu.cik_support=1 radeon.cik_support=0

to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT.
Example: Change
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash amdgpu.si_support=1 radeon.si_support=0 amdgpu.cik_support=1 radeon.cik_support=0"

Save the edit

Update GRUB and restart the system.
sudo update-grub2
shutdown -r now


How to make Google Drive folder available offline?

Because of a change of security policy from Google, Nextcloud 13 and ownCloud have removed support for Google Drive external storage, but accessing Google Docs files offline is supported by the Google Docs offline Chrome extension offered by google.com.

Access Google Docs files offline
To turn on offline access:

You must be connected to the Internet.
Use the Google Chrome browser.
Don't use incognito mode.
Install and enable Google Docs offline Chrome extension.
Make sure you have enough free space on your device to save your files.

Source: Use Google Drive files offline – Google Drive Help


I'd recommend installing the binary packages produced by the gcloud team:

https://cloud.google.com/sdk/downloads#apt-get

I hesitate to copy the instructions into here as they change from time to time, but they are roughly:

Add repository for sdk
Add package signing key with apt-key
install appropriate package like sudo apt install google-cloud-sdk