The standard use of /usr/local/lib is to store library files installed from software built from source. It is standard to store the source code in /usr/local/src.

Assuming this is the way the folder was used, you can simply reinstall the software that provided the library files.

Most of the time, software is built something like this:

./configure
make
sudo make install

Those commands are run from inside the particular program's source directory, which is typically a subdirectory of /usr/local/src.

So, just go back there (for each program or library installed, as even applications may provide files stored in /usr/local/lib) and run sudo make install again.

If you had run make clean or make distclean inside the source directory after installing (which is generally inadvisable, even though many bloggers recommend it, because it saves a bit of space but at the cost of making it difficult to reinstall or uninstall), you'll have to build from source again.

If you didn't keep the source code at all, you'll have to redownload it, unpack it, and install it, as you had done before.

Even in the worst case scenario where you are not sure what programs you had installed from source, it's still usually much easier to figure that out than to use generic file recovery methods. Such methods are usually difficult and time consuming and only give you back part of what you had hoped to recover; the libraries in /usr/local/lib, and whatever programs depend on them, would likely not run correctly.


Having trouble repairing window xp that is dual-booted with Ubuntu 12.10

Try to boot from your CD using EFI-shell. You can choose this option in the bios settings (stands right next to the boot-override-option). That worked for me.

Else use  boot-repair and post the result here.


Accidentally changed the Path environment variable while installing java via the terminal

A quick search will find existing answers like this one: how-to-restore-path-environment-variable and many more.

There are a few options... you can boot to single user, passwordless login (if you have physical access) and then restore:

/etc/environment:PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games"
/etc/login.defs:ENV_SUPATH      PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
/etc/login.defs:ENV_PATH        PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games

etc. for all users, or if you only wiped your local user, then consider restoring settings via (on Ubuntu 18.04):

cp /etc/skel/.profile /home/<user>/

If you only have remote access, you can login as another user, and then restore.


Does gzip hold any cache in memory or a temp file?

While gzip doesn't cache your files, Linux does. Any memory not required by running programs is used as a disk cache, and after the first time you read filename.txt it will be added to the cache. So provided it is not modified in the meanwhile, subsequently reading the file will get the copy already in memory, which probably accounts for the speed-up.


Black Screen When Using NoMachine (Server is using FreeNX) Failed Gnome Session?

A partial solution allows me to log in via NoMachine but I'm still unable to disconnect from a session without terminating it.

On the server I executed the following command:

sudo apt-get install xfce4

Then on the client when setting up nomachine client I selected "custom" instead of gnome session and entered the following options:

Desktop: Custom
Run the following command: /usr/bin/startxfce4
Options: New virtual desktop

I followed instructions from here on Ubuntu Forums


Is there a graphical way of enabling scroll lock on Xubuntu

Couldn't find a GUI way so here's the command line version:

Run xmodmap -pm to see your modifiers

Run xmodmap -e 'add mod3 = Scroll_Lock'to bind it to mod3

Answer found from here http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/puppy-71/scroll-lock-doesn%27t-work-536178/#post2665131


Program clogging up my RAM- but when I stop it via 'sudo service X stop' it says its not loaded

As per the updated question there are no packages matching mongodb-org*. Uninstalling mongodb will probably be achieved by issuing

sudo apt purge mongodb*

Uninstalling mongo-tools

sudo apt purge mongo-tools


How to check if some program is already installed and its version?

You can get a list of all installed packages with

dpkg --get-selections

to get more info about a package try

dpkg -s <PACKAGENAME>


The easiest way to do this is change your routing table.

THIS DOES NOT SEND ONLY SSH TRAFFIC, IT SENDS ALL TRAFFIC SENT TO SSH TARGET.

When you connect your Cisco VPN it probably changes the default route to go through your VPN tunnel. Try the following to get it to send all traffic except traffic destined for your ssh host out of your gateway and not the tunnel.

MY_ROUTER=192.168.0.1
SSH_TARGET=192.168.10.12
CISCO_DEV_NAME=ppp0 # not sure what cisco call there tunnel devices check ifconfig -a when connected

# Delete the default route
sudo route del default

# Change the default route back to your router
sudo route add default gw $MY_ROUTER

# Add explicit route for ssh target to go through the tunnel
sudo route add $SSH_TARGET/32 $CISCO_DEV_NAME

I am unsure how to do this automatically when you connect your VPN, I can do it with pptp but have no idea on Cisco anyconnect.


Try this:

Open command line (Ctrl+Alt+T) and enter this command:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-control-center
It will prompt you for password, enter your password.
Once it's done, check if the system settings has been properly installed and whether the stuff is back. Reboot if necessary.


How to set a static ip address on a local network using NetworkManager?

Rather than use NetworkManager consider using the static ip address functionality of your network router.
Typically, log in to your router 192.168.1.1 (or as appropriate) and using your device MAC address, set the ip address you wish it to use (along with any other devices such as printers which would benefit from a fixed ip address).
Using this method, it will ensure that there are fewer risks of conflicts with other unrelated devices on the network (mobiles, tablets etc) connecting to the same router.


How to turn off copy function when pressing mouse wheel?

See these link may be these can help

How do I disable middle mouse button click paste?

Or

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Config/Input


Is there a way to run the laptop only on AC power without removing the battery?

I think the only way this is possible would be on a hardware level. I've never heard of a laptop that had this as an option, though.

In Windows that is probably done by a driver for this purpose. Something like Smart Battery in DELL laptops. Not sure if that will be an option for your laptop, check the builder's website.


Mysql extension is missing in php7 installation. Ubuntu 16.04

On Ubuntu, I fixed this error by running

sudo apt-get install php-mysql

And then restarting my server (caddy, apache, nginx).

source


Is there a way to make the terminal show a background with compositing

Open the terminal and right click somewhere in the window. From Profiles select Profile preference. Then go to Background tab and select Background image then choose a picture and click open.

You can also select if you want the picture to scroll or not.


Perhaps you are thinking of ubuntu-support-status?

My output looks like this

Support status summary of 'Enterprise':

You have 1 packages (0.0%) supported until June 2017 (9m)
You have 134 packages (5.3%) supported until May 2017 (3y)
You have 2004 packages (79.7%) supported until May 2019 (5y)
You have 72 packages (2.9%) supported until February 2015 (9m)

You have 10 packages (0.4%) that can not/no-longer be downloaded
You have 293 packages (11.7%) that are unsupported

Your Hardware Enablement Stack (HWE) is supported until April 2019.

Run with --show-unsupported, --show-supported or --show-all to see more details


NVIDIA GeForce 630M and Intel HD graphic 3000

There isn't support to Optimus Technology yet.

But the good new is that: Nvidia is working to it. Until then, your only option is to continue using only the Nvidia driver.
http://www.pcworld.com/article/261874/coming_soon_to_linux_nvidia_optimus_graphics_support.html


There is a way to Install ubuntu on a larger flash stick with persistent storage, say a 32GB and this means you would have all the persistent storage you need, I did initially post link to a youtube video which I thought may be quicker than writing out the steps on how to do this here, but found that the video was not how I accomplished this as I thought, so I went through the steps to create an Ubuntu USB with persistent storage again on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS and I created it successfully along with this guide.  I am already running this version fully installed on my laptop and I had the added complication of installing on a UEFI system with secure boot enabled.

I created this guide for this post because when I was trying to find a wasy to accomplish this, I found many different artilcles, blogs, answers, and I ended up spending weeks trying to find one that was relevant and up to date but a lot of them were written on much older versions of Ubuntu and applications and mostly all were written back in the days of legacy BIOS systems, but a lot of systems now are UEFI and I couldnt find any answers that worked on my system and so I thought this is the perfect opportunity to creae an updated guide on this subject.
I have tried to make this guide as generic, brief and simple as possible, as its based on the presumption that anyone that wants to create an Ubuntu USB drive with persistence is generally someone who wants to evaluate or try Ubuntu and may be new to Ubuntu or a novice, but if you are a novice and you need any clarification on any of the steps then let me know and I will clarify or add any further details required to any of the steps.

Prerequisites/Tasks = 10 Steps under 30 mins

1.  System:  A 64BIT UEFI or Legacy BIOS PC/Laptop with Windows/Linux or Mac OS

2.  A bootable Ubuntu DVD or USB drive and an empty USB drive or 2 USB drives.

I'll assume the latter in this guide as most laptops these days are shipped without CD/DVD drives.  For the sake of this guide we will name your USB drives:

USB-1 = UBUNTU-1 - Ubuntu startup USB drive.

USB-2 = UBUNTU-2 - Ubuntu live USB with persistent storage.

NB: USB-1 only needs to be say a 4GB USB drive and USB-2 can be whatever size you want 16 or 32GB or higher, also note that if these drives are different sizes and types it helps when you come to use the tool to create them as you will have 2 USB drives in your machine at some point and you will have to be able to easily identify each by its name and/or capacity, so you know which is the source and which is target drive.

Note:  if you are on windows or Mac OS then follow the guide to create a startup USB drive for your OS.

https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-windows#0

https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-macos#0

Note:  If you happen already have an Ubuntu system running then use Startup Disk Creator.

At this point you should have your startup USB drive ready to go.

3.  Configure and then restart your machine to boot UBUNTU-1 and when Ubuntu has loaded connect your Wifi or Wired connection.

Click the down arrow on the top right of your desktop then click Settings icon (bottom-left)

Then click the settings icon for your Wifi or Wired connection, configure it and connect.

4.  In UBUNTU-1 - Launch Software & Updates and enable universe and multiverse options.

5. Launch Firefox browser from the left sidebar on your desktop and download Ubuntu ISO from the following URL

(18.04 LTS at time of writing)
(ISO matching my system:  ubuntu-18.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso)

https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop

You must verify the integrity of the downloaded ISO as follows:

6.  In Firefox navigate to the URL for your release, click the link for MD5SUMS and leave firefox open

http://releases.ubuntu.com/bionic/

7. In Show Applications, search for Term and launch Terminal.

8. In the Terminal run the following command it should generate a checksum from the ISO:

md5sum ubuntu-18.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso

9. Compare the md5sum output sum in the terminal with the MD5SUMS sum in the url from step 6.

10. Also generate and compare the checksum generated by running the sha256sum command in a terminal with the SHA256SUMS on the website

(for more info on what a checksum is see:
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checksum)

------------------ END OF PREREQUISITES------------------

STEPS TO CREATE AN UBUNTU LIVE USB DRIVE WITH PERSISTENT STORAGE

(Approx 5 mins)

In the following steps we will install and launch mkusb a Linux tool we will use to create a bootable USB drive with persistent storage (though it can do a lot of other things) (under the hood mkusb uses dd)

1.  In UBUNTU-1-Copy and paste the following commands one by one into the Terminal and press the enter key afer each command to run it.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mkusb/ppa

sudo apt update

sudo apt-get install mkusb

The above commands will install the mkusb tool which we will use to create UBUNTU-2!

2. In UBUNTU-1-Search for mkusb in Show Apps and launch it.

3. In UBUNTU-1-Click Yes to Run mkusb Dus and click OK to overwrite warning

4. In UBUNTU-1-mkusb-choose option i-install (make boot device).

5.  Now connect your UBUNTU-2 USB drive

NB: Be careful you now have UBUNTU-1 and UBUNTU-2 drives connnected so be absolutely sure that you know which USB is which.  (mkusb quotes the name and capacity of the USB drives so if they are different sizes or types it helps you identify which one is which.  Also note that a 32GB USB will not show up as exactly 32GB as you can see mine shows up as 28.7 this is normal

NB:  I used my DVD/RW drive as a start up disk so only my target USB (UBUNTU-2) drive is listed here, if you used 2 USB drives there will be 2 USB drives listed here so ensure you choose the correct target drive (UBUNTU-2)

6.  In UBUNTU-1-mkusb-select your persistence percentage level for your target USB (UBUNTU-2)

NB: if you dont choose the full capacity whatever space is left is turned into additional storage space on UBUNTU-2, so really think about how much space you need for persistence and how much you would need for additional storage. For instance, I chose 50% and I got 14% for persistence and 14% for extra storage.

7. Click Go, but only if you are absolutely sure you have chose the right target USB (UBUNTU-2) and you have chose the level of persistence you need!

8. Once UBUNTU-2 is done and you get the following message click Ok

9. Turn OFF your PC and unplug UBUNTU-1 leaving only UBUNTU-2 USB connected and start your PC to boot your UBUNTU-2.

I configured my Ubuntu Live USB as follows to show that it saved all my configurations:)

My Ubuntu 18.04 LTS USB with persistence with Mac OS like desktop

Optional:
https://linuxconfig.org/things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-18-04-bionic-beaver-linux


The command line you typed does not make sense

  Note: I am the author of both the essay you linked and RecuperaBit itself.

The article is pretty clear about symlinking the main RecuperaBit executable:

ln -s /opt/RecuperaBit/main.py /usr/local/bin/recuperabit

Given that you are linking to the main.py program, you must not reference it again while running the software. Your command then would become:

recuperabit /media/ubuntu/bakup/reactNative/ -o recovery -s recovered

But again there is no way this would work. You are referencing a directory while the only mandatory argument of RecuperaBit is the disk image that you want to analyze. Or, at worst, a block device (this is not advised but may work).

A meaningful command could be similar to:

recuperabit /path/to/the/disk/image.dd -o recovery/ -s scan.save

All of these points are thoroughly discussed in the aforementioned article and here on Ask Ubuntu.


copy files from one folder and paste them to another location under same folder name

Script

Not too terrible with some find, rsync and bash script magic. Put this into a file (backup.sh):

#!/bin/bash

source_dir=${1:-<source directory>}
dest_dir=${2:-<destination directory>}
tmp_file=/tmp/$USER/bkp_files

find "$source_dir" -name '*.cdr' -print | while read file; do
    find "$(dirname $file)" -maxdepth 1 -xtype f -print
    done > "$tmp_file"

rsync --files-from "$tmp_file" / "$dest_dir"

Then you have to make it executable with

$ chmod +x backup.sh

And you can run the script with

$ ./backup.sh

Step by step

Let me explain

find "$source_dir" -name '*.cdr' -print

finds all the .cdr files in $source_dir
This is then piped into a while loop:

| while read file; do ...  done > "$tmp_file"

This takes every file from the previous find command, executes some commands and writes the result to $tmp_file. Note: This only works if the filename don't contain newlines, which should be given with a windows partition. The second find is

find "$(dirname $file)" -maxdepth 1 -xtype f -print

Here $(dirname $file) gives us the directory name of the .cdr file. It is the start point for our next find command. There we don't descend into subdirs with -maxdepth 1 and are only interested in files -xtype f

Lastly we use rsync to copy the files we saved in $tmp_file:

rsync --files-from "$tmp_file" / "$dest_dir"

rsync will keep the directory tree structure as is, which is what you want, right?

For more infos see the man pages:

$ man find
$ man rsync


How to boot into a Virtual Box VM with a Live Image?

Addition section:

1. Select the VM you want to boot into with the Live Image.

2. Click Settings.

3. Go to the Storage section.

FORK 1

Now that you have got this far there are two ways of continuing, you may either add the Live Image as a new optical drive, or you may just link it up to the current Empty slot. If you wish to go with the first option just continue on with these instructions, or if you want to go with the second option, go down to FORK 2.

4. In the Storage Tree select the Empty optical disk.

5. Click the pull-down menu with the image of a disk in the Attributes section.

6. Select the Choose Virtual Optical Disk File... option.

7. Locate the ISO Live Image you wish to boot from on your system and press OK on any remaining windows. When you now run the VM it should boot into the Live Image.

For removal instructions go to the final section titled Removal section.

FORK 2

4. Click the Adds optical drive. button.

5. Choose the Choose disk option and select the ISO file you wish to boot from.

6. After doing so press OK and the next time you boot into your VM it will boot into it from the Live Image which you have just selected.

For removal instructions go to the final section titled Removal section.

Removal section:

If at any point you wish to boot into the VM's original hard drive as opposed to the Live Image follow the following instructions for the different forks:

FORK 1 removal instructions:

1. Once you are in the Storage section select optical disk which you added.

2. Click the pull-down menu with the image of a disk in the Attributes section.

3. Select the Remove Disk from Virtual Drive option.

4. Press OK on any remaining windows and when you next boot into your VM it should boot using its original hard drive.

FORK 2 removal instructions:

1. Once you are in the Storage section select optical disk which you added.

2. Press the Remove selected storage attachment button.

3. Press OK on any remaining windows and when you next boot into your VM it should boot using its original hard drive.

Additional note: By default the VM will boot into the first optical drive, so if you have multiple ones attached and are having any problems from with this, when you first start the VM you can choose which you want to boot into by pressing F12 on startup (it should indicate at the bottom when you can do this to get the boot options).


How do I write an Apache .htaccess file to force a 'friendly' URL?

Use the below rule, we are redirecting any request to index.php which has u query param to newly created pretty url.

Options -MultiViews
RewriteEngine on

RewriteBase /
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^index.php$
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^u=(.*)$
RewriteRule ^ http://example.com/%1 [R=301,L]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !.*\.(ico|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|js|css)
RewriteRule ^([^?]*)$ index.php?u=$1 [L,QSA]


In your ~/.vimrc I noticed a few things that are wrong.

First of all
On line 12, The way to install Ultisnips using Plug is

  Plug 'sirVir/ultisnips'

and not 'sirvir/ultisnips'after that just install the plugin using :PlugInstall in the command mode.

By default in Ubuntu it creates a directory under ~/UltiSnips for your custom snippets (or you can check for yourself which directory is UltiSnips using on your machine by :UltiSnipsEdit and change the following line).

  let g:UltiSnipsSnippetDirectories=['~/UltiSnips']


You have to use the following awk script
awk 'BEGIN{FS=":"}{if($5<75) print $0;}' lab4.data

It was very tedious to type your input data. Next time, please consider pasting terminal output as text


Why doesn't the clipboard work in modern linux distributions?

There are also long-time X users who consider the Mac OS X & Windows clipboard functionality broken, so this is partially just about what you have been used to.

A clipboard manager should solve most of your issues, and where not, you might want to write documentation or file bug reports about what exactly is lacking (use cases that fail), so that the authors of those programs can know what features might be useful.  (In any case, a "better" solution would probably require zero changes to the clipboard itself, but instead changes to applications & maybe clipboard managers...)

BTW: the situation on Windows isn't "perfect" either, as for most programs the clipboard manager also has less (or sometimes even no) useful data after closing the application than while it's still running.


First, try to understand, what is really needed for your app - 32-bit kernel or 32-bit libs?

32-bit libs+utils can by normally deployed on any modern 64-bit Linux using LXC technology (more advanced) or even Debootstrap (more stupid):

apt-get install debootstrap
mkdir -p /home/chroot/First
debootstrap --arch=i386 precise /home/chroot/First http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
mount --bind /dev  /home/chroot/First/dev
mount --bind /proc /home/chroot/First/proc
mount --bind /sys  /home/chroot/First/sys

mount --bind /opt/myapp/ /home/chroot/First/opt/myapp/
chroot /home/chroot/First
    /opt/myapp/bin/myapp

If you want the more polished solution, then LXC can be configured in 5 minutes using https://code.google.com/p/lxc-loader/wiki/QuickStart article.

But if your app is so strange that requires 32-bit kernel...

apt-get install linux-image-generic-pae


Microsoft Surface Pro choices for Ubuntu install. Which is better?

Install the latest version of Ubuntu 64-bit for that device and add the wine ppa by typing this command into Terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa

Now you can install Wine1.5 from the Software Centre which will allow you to run Adobe CS and MS Office Suite to save you needing Windows7/8 at all...

To speed up and enable Trim support for your SSD drive check this link:

http://www.webupd8.org/2013/01/enable-trim-on-ssd-solid-state-drives.html

And enjoy your new Surface Pro running Ubuntu 12.10 or above :)


Sublime 3: When trying to run/compile Python code, "python: command not found" errors are being returned

Ubuntu 18.04 does not install Python 2 by default, and Sublime is currently trying to use that.

python is for Python 2, which is no longer installed; you ideally should be configuring Sublime to use Python 3 and the python3 executable.

If you really are still writing code for Python 2, you need to install Python 2.

sudo apt install python-all

Once this completes it should resolve the problems you're seeing.  However, you really should be using Python 3, not Python 2.


Moving Thunderbird from Windows Seven to Ubuntu 12.04

1. moving profile from Windows to Ubuntu.

start TB with profile manager in terminal:

  thunderbird -profilemanager

Then create a new profile. In next screen give a name to the new profile and locate the folder for the profile.

2. Sharing TB profile (dual boot Win & Ubuntu)

You can have thunderbird use the same mail directory:

start TB with profile manager in terminal:

  thunderbird -profilemanager

Then create a new profile and add folder as in case 1.

In Account settings, in your local folders, select under message storage the directory where actually the emails are stored. This can be the same in both OSs.

For example, in Windows this would be

  C:/Documents and Settings/user/AppData/Roaming/Thunderbird/Profiles/xyz.default/Mail/Local Folders/

and in Ubuntu, this would be

  /media/A82C58.../Documents and Settings/user/AppData/Roaming/Thunderbird/Profiles/xyz.default/Mail/Local Folders/


Conky either has title bar, dissapears or over writes itself

Fixed it by setting window_type to normal and following instructions here:
Conky Widgets are Opening in their Own Windows


The OP solved the problem and posted the solution in a comment. In reply to Charles Green's suggestion to disable the touchpad, the OP wrote:

  Thanks. That is it. I used the synclient TouchpadOff=1 command from
  this article
  askubuntu.com/questions/65951/how-to-disable-the-touchpad

–  Guest123ABC Aug 25 at 14:27

This question might not be considered a duplicate of that, as disabling the touchpad is one of possibly multiple solutions to this problem.


Postfix is a drop-in sendmail replacement that includes its own sendmail binary (see the foot of this post). I'm honestly surprised apt let you do this, I thought they were package conflicted.

Anyway, to fix:

sudo apt-get purge sendmail
sudo apt-get install --reinstall postfix
sudo /etc/init.d/postfix restart

Proof that sendmail on my system is provided by postfix:

$ dpkg -S `which sendmail`
postfix: /usr/sbin/sendmail

If you're still having problems, here's how you can find out what program (and which package) is hogging port 25:

$ sudo netstat -pel | grep smtp
tcp 0 0 *:smtp *:* LISTEN root 8487 2212/master

$ # Then we use the 2212 from that in the following to get the package:
$ dpkg -S "$(sudo ps ux | grep 2212 | awk '{print $NF}')"
postfix: /usr/lib/postfix/master

In my case that's postfix. In your case I expect to see something else. Nuke it from orbit.


How to set nomodeset GRUB2 before I've installed Ubuntu

You put nomodeset between the quiet and splash part.


Ubuntu 13.10 Server + MAAS : Pb to import boot images

Take a look at /var/log/maas/celery.log to make sure the import task starts and does not immediately stop with an error of some kind. From my experience, import-boot-images won't succeed if the MAAS Cluster Controller does not have access to the Internet, or if the DHCP/DNS configuration on the VM network is not properly configured.

Once you see no errors after running maas-cli maas node-groups import-boot-images in the celery.log file, you can check with ps -ae | grep maas to see - the import process should be running.


I deleted all files and folders (including hidden) from /home/username/ now in big trouble

The system should continue to be completely usable in itself with files in a user's home directory all deleted. You certainly shouldn't have any problem cd'ing to /var/www.

But directories need to have execute permission for users to be able to traverse to them. You said /var/www was 666, which doesn't include any execute bits, so it sounds like you have a separate problem. Try: sudo chmod 755 /var/www to set /var/www back to reasonable permissions.

You may also find it useful to copy the contents of /etc/skel to the home directory where you have deleted everything. If you do, make sure the files you copy end up having the owner and group of the user. This is done when you create a new user and provides a set of sane defaults for new users to start with.

You also said you were ssh'd in as this user. To make sure you can do so again, you'll need to restore the ~/.ssh directory with 700 permissions, and make sure that ~/.ssh/authorized_keys contains your public key. You can test this with a different ssh session before you log out of your original one.


STACK appears to be a typedef which is defined in /usr/include/openssl/stack.h on my system.

This file is provided by libssl-dev according to dpkg - do you have that package installed?


Drives for Ralink MT7601U Wireless Adapter

I've finally found a working solution for this problem. The answer is from GitHub

Download corresponding kernel source from kernel.org. For example: if you have 4.4.0-104-generic download version 4.4. You can check the current kernel version by running uname --kernel-release
From archive unpack just folder drivers/net/wireless/mediatek/mt7601u
Edit phy.c. Find function mt7601u_init_cal and comment out call mt7601u_mcu_calibrate(dev, MCU_CAL_RXIQ, 0); like in code 1 below
Find function mt7601u_phy_recalibrate_after_assoc and comment out call mt7601u_mcu_calibrate(dev, MCU_CAL_DPD, dev->curr_temp); like in code 2 below
Build module:

make -C /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build M=$(pwd) modules
Remove device

sudo rmmod mt7601u
sudo insmod ./mt7601u.ko
Insert device
Check there are no errors in dmesg and interface appeared in ip link, check connection stability.
To make change persistent till next kernel upgrade: backup original module and replace with compiled. To find out where is original module run modinfo mt7601u (view string filename: /lib/modules/_KERNEL_VERSION_/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/mediatek/mt7601u/mt7601u.ko).

I've tried this method on Ubuntu 16.04 with kernel 4.10. Working flawlessly...

Code 1:

// ret = mt7601u_mcu_calibrate(dev, MCU_CAL_RXIQ, 0);
// if (ret)
// return ret;
// ret = mt7601u_mcu_calibrate(dev, MCU_CAL_DPD, dev->dpd_temp);
// if (ret)
// return ret;

Code 2:

void mt7601u_phy_recalibrate_after_assoc(struct mt7601u_dev *dev)
    {
    // mt7601u_mcu_calibrate(dev, MCU_CAL_DPD, dev->curr_temp);
       mt7601u_rxdc_cal(dev);
    }

Hope it helps...


In the terminal:

sudo leafpad /etc/default/grub

Change

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi="

Then, save the file.

sudo update-grub

Restart computer.

Or if you want GUI for those changes:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

Those changes did it for me, if it won't help you, we can examine further.

EDIT:

also try: acpi_listen in terminal...after that press some fn + XY combinations


GTK commands in a single BASH shell script, is it possible?

There are no "GTK commands" in the way there are GTK+ functions in Python. GTK+ is a library with bindings in several languages, but it doesn't have executable commands for the functions it provides. You can try to do parts of what the GTK+ API can do via some external commands:

zenity, yad, etc. for showing dialog boxes
xsel or xclip to access the clipboard
wmctrl for controlling application windows

But the vast majority of GTK+ functionality can't be accessed by commands.


You can run

sudo apt-get install <packages you want> --print-uris -qq

And it will give you the list of files you need. Download all of them, put them in /var/cache/apt/archive/ in your Ubuntu laptop. Then say sudo apt-get install <packages you want> and they will all install. Hopefully.

There are more elegant ways of doing this, this is just a hack.


Error box related to display driver using virtualbox

It seems like an error with your interface configuration, try deleting ~/.config/monitors.xml.


I want to upgrade my Ububtu to 16.04. Kindly help

To upgrade from 12.04 to 16.04 you have to upgrade first to 14.04 and then to 16.04. It can be done by UpdateManager. But I would recomend a clean install. It would probably take less time than double upgrade. Backup your date before any of this actions.

You can upgrade Ubuntu from live USB key with 16.04. I thik it should offer you an option to upgrade from older versions. But I thing the programs you have installed will be lost.


Dependency not satisfiable : libqtmultimediakit1

As described here.

wget http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/q/qtmobility/libqtmultimediakit1_1.2.0-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libqtmultimediakit1_1.2.0-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb
3.sudo apt-get install -f
sudo sh -c "echo 'deb http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/olav-st/xUbuntu_15.10/ /' >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/screencloud.list"
sudo apt-get update
wget http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:olav-st/xUbuntu_15.10/Release.key
sudo apt-key add - < Release.key
sudo apt-get install screencloud


You could setup up the share as an SSHFS type filesystem then use win-sshfs to mount the share on the Windows Client.

https://code.google.com/p/win-sshfs/

This would provide a very secure File Sytem share across the internet to your AWS Ubuntu Server.


How to run any program but prevent it from accessing the Internet

There is no reason to think that the method described in that thread will not work on the latest versions of Ubuntu. When some users had experienced problems, they were asked what version they were running in case there was a problem with newer versions, but no such problem was shown to be occurring.

I recommend that you read the entire forum thread (it's five pages, which is longer than some threads but shorter than many) and try the technique as described. It should work. Before using it "in production," you should of course test it with a program where there are no negative consequences associated with it accessing the Internet, in case either the method doesn't work or you have made a mistake.

As an alternative technique, you can create a virtual machine (for example, with VirtualBox) without Internet access (you could even make it have zero virtual network adapters) and run the program on that virtual machine. This may be preferable for programs whose behavior you don't fully trust, because then you have a greater degree of isolation between the program and your (host) Ubuntu system, and also because you can create a snapshot before running the program and revert the VM to that snapshot afterwards.

Of course, if you don't trust a program to behave properly, you should strongly consider not running it at all. When a developer creates a program that disrespects its users' privacy, no matter what the reason is in the mind of the developer, this is an indication that the developer does not respect your privacy and any program the developer has authored (including that one) may disrespect your privacy in other ways. With free open source software, it is possible to vet the code to determine if this is the case (though practically speaking, it may be nontrivial to do so). But for proprietary software, this is not generally an option.


Here's a command-line way of doing this using find. It's a little bit more advanced than using a GUI like Ubuntu Tweak, though.

Find the mount point of your external hard drive. Several ways exist:

In your file manager, press Ctrl+L to get a text-based location bar. Copy this absolute location to your clipboard.
In a terminal identify the hard drive using cat /proc/mounts and locate the mount point. Example:

/dev/sdc1 /media/1589-880A vfat rw,nosuid,[...]

Indicates the mount point as /media/1589-880A.

Open a terminal and use the following find command to list the files matching the search we're performing. Replace the /media path here with the mount point you just found in the previous step. I've added -type f to filter for files only - disregarding links and directories.

find /media/1589-880A -name "*~" -type f

If you feel happy about the results and you are sure you want to delete these files, then perform the delete like this:

find /media/1589-880A -name "*~" -type f -delete

Note: These files will not be sent to the Trash! They go to oblivion straight away. No easy undo exists. Don't ask for undoing this.

Feel free to modify the *~ pattern to allow other matches for other use cases (e.g. *.bak, autobackup-2012-*.tar.gz, etc. It's just using plain shell globbing. It's also perfectly possible to select a sub folder or even a parent folder instead of the mount point. Anyway, always list first before deleting!

Optionally add -xdev to the find command to prevent it descending into other file systems if you're unsure about it.


Issue with bridge passing L2 but not L3 Traffic

After beating my head against the desk for another hour or so I figured it out. I based my /etc/network/interfaces config off of what I had working on a different machine that was running 14.04. The broken interfaces file showing only the relevant bits:

  auto eth1
  iface eth1 inet manual
  up ifconfig eth1 up

  auto E-MGMT-Bridge
  iface E-MGMT-Bridge inet manual
     bridge_stp off
     bridge_fd 0
     bridge_ports eth1

In 16.04 this breaks Layer 3 somehow while still allowing Layer 2 traffic like ARP, CDP and STP frames through. Very strange. To get it to work in 16.04 you need to remove the eth1 stanza and only define the bridge and not the physical interface it refers to like so:

  auto E-MGMT-Bridge
  iface E-MGMT-Bridge inet manual
   bridge_stp off
   bridge_fd 0
   bridge_ports eth1

I had to reboot and then was able to ping from my VM across the bridge to the real network attached to my switch. Not sure if anyone else has run into this or if I am just lucky.


How to share a folder between Ubuntu host and a NAT Windows guest with virt-manager?

I solved installing the SMB networking protocol with Samba on the host Ubuntu machine.

On the Win10 guest machine, I created a 'Public' folder with the appropriate permissions and shared it on the network with the following network path: \\<vm-guest-name>\Public.

On the Ubuntu Linux host machine, I used the 'Connect to server' function and set the following address as a reference: smb://<IP-address-vm-guest>/Public. In my case, the address was 192.168.122.188.

In the end, I saved the address with the SMB protocol as a bookmark on Nautilus. Now, with a simple click, I can access the shared folder between the host and the virtual machine, and move files of any size.


Is it ok to have 2 screen recorders running at the same time?

ffmpeg isn't a recorder, it's a transcoder. It's turning what you're recording into a compressed, playable video file. It's likely that one of your screen recorders is calling it.

But otherwise, screen recorders use up a incredible percentage of CPU resources. If you were actually recording with two of them at once, you would likely be unable to use your desktop, so I guess that would be a pretty severe issue.

But I don't think there would be any actual conflicts. The graphics stack is quite modular.

Having two installed (but not running together) should certainly not be an issue.


Change colour of a specific letter in the username in bash's PS1

If you do not mind not using the \u escape, you could do it like this:

PS1="\[\e[0;31m\]${USER:0:1}\[\e[m\]${USER:1} "

This will set the prompt to just the username and a space. The first character of the username will be red. This works by expanding the $USER variable twice with a specific range. The first time the range is just from 0 to 1. The second time it is from 1 (the second character) to the end.

To get the prompt like you requested use this:

PS1="${USER:0:2}\[\e[0;34m\]${USER:2:1}\[\e[m\]${USER:3} "


Where can I download the latest version of Dropbox?

Dropbox was previously installed on your system and in order to get the latest version you have to open your home folder with a file manager of your choice, make it show hidden files, stop the running instance of Dropbox and delete the contents of the folder .dropbox-dist.

The next time you run Dropbox you'll be asked to download the proprietary daemon and will receive the latest version of the program. From then on Dropbox should keep updating on its own.


Flash Plugin Install - Dependency Problem

How abt you manually install flash player for linux from tar.gz file. Go to adobe flash player site and download the tar.gz

Since mine is 64 bit architecture, it shows 64 bit, For you have to download 32 bit. I suppose the contents are downloaded in Downloads folder. Right click and extract the contents. In the extracted folder, check there be a file libflashplayer.so. Type sudo nautilus in your terminal and give the password. This will open a nautilus file manager with root access. Go to /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins Copy and paste the libflashplayer.so from Downloads directory to here. Close nautilus. Close terminal. Open Firefox, go to Plugins, Tools->Addons->Plugins, If it shows Shockwave Flash that means you have successfully installed Flash, Head on to Youtube.com and Enjoy. Hope it helps.


How do I change the ownership of certain sub-directories recursively?

You could modify your command in this way:

find . -maxdepth 3 -type d -regextype posix-extended -regex '.*wp-content/(themes|plugins)' -exec echo chown -R user:group {} +

Change the user:group pair with the actual user and group.
Change the end of the find command from {} + to {} \; to output separate commands for each directory - it could be more easy to read (reference).
Remove echo to do the changes.

I'm afraid that @muru's solution is more elegant :) It could be modified in this way:

echo chown -R user:group */wp-content/{themes,plugins}

Change the user:group pair with the actual user and group.
Remove echo to do the changes.


ubuntu 14.04 LTS update openssl manually

I've managed to resolve the issue and it's not related to Openssh client. After installation of the openssl-1.0.2n to the system all I needed to do is to recompile Python 3.6.4 and everything then has worked fine. I didn't get the error in my virtual environment anymore and could successfully use PIP for installation of the modules. So this was related to upgrade of Openssl finally.

Thanks.


Any idea to change the blank appearance on password

There is probably a third-party tweak to show *'s or dots but I don't know any. It is supposed to appear blank for obvious security reasons. You will have to find out if the words you typed in was the correct password when you press ENTER. You could always count how many keys you typed in :)


Is there an apt-get package for Sphinx search?

sudo apt-get install sphinxsearch

Ubuntu Packages: Sphinx Search (Lucid)


getting rid of windows 8 / 12.04 dual boot and re-installing 12.04

Select the second option at the 'Installation Type' screen, as shown in the picture, and then click contunue. It's not exactly automatic, whatever you mean by that, but seems to be the closest thing to whant you want.

12.04 installation

PS: Backup all important data, as it will be deleted.


How do I open archive files from the command line?

file-roller is the name of that program.


This is a temporary DNS fix if you have DNS issues

sudo echo nameserver 8.8.8.8 > /etc/resolv.conf

What does "sudo echo nameserver 8.8.8.8 > /etc/resolv.conf" do?


Don't reinvent the wheel. The id command can do exactly that:

$ id foobar
uid=1000(foobar) gid=1000(foobar) groups=1000(foobar),4(adm),20(dialout),24(cdrom)

replace foobar with your desired username.

Check man id to get more idea.


epson-printer-utility error loading shared libraries

Ubuntu 20.04 LTS no longer has Qt4 libraries on purpose. See this question, for instance. Your best bet is compiling from source, or setting up a virtual machine with an older Ubuntu version as the guest OS.

Or, if you're feeling adventurous, you can add this PPA, then install Qt4:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:rock-core/qt4
sudo apt update
sudo apt install qt4-default

This removes qt5-default from your system. Let's add it back:

sudo apt install qt5-default

Now you have both Qt4 and Qt5 libraries installed in your system in a fragile balance. The Qt4 libraries will be removed the next time you run sudo apt autoremove to clean up installed packages. Let's prevent that from happening:

sudo apt install libodbc1 libqt4-dbus libqt4-declarative libqt4-designer libqt4-dev libqt4-dev-bin libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-opengl-dev libqt4-qt3support libqt4-script libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-odbc libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtdbus4 libqtgui4 qdbus qt4-linguist-tools qt4-qmake qtcore4-l10n


How to make each application have its own audio monitor in pulseaudio?

I have done it using Jack audio server   :

Install jackd and qjackctl : say "yes" when asked to have real time access right, then reboot to apply this access right.
Stop temporarily pulseaudio with this 3 commands :
mkdir ~/.pulse
echo autospawn=no > ~/.pulse/client.conf
pulseaudio -k

(Later, to revert to pulseaudio normal mode, run echo autospawn=yes > ~/.pulse/client.conf then pulseaudio )

create .asoundrc  (the point is important) in your home dir containing :

    pcm.!default {
        type plug   slave { pcm "jack" }
    }

    pcm.jack {   type jack
    playback_ports {
          0 system:playback_1
          1 system:playback_2   }
    capture_ports {
          0 alsa_pcm:capture_1
          1 alsa_pcm:capture_2   }   }

    ctl.mixer0 {   type hw   card 1 }

Run qjackctl from sound menu, click "start", click  "connect" to display "connections" windows.
Launch 2 differents SimpleScreenRecorder , chose "jack" as audio , start preview mode to display vumeter in both
Launch Firefox and Chrome, play video in each
Go to qjackctl   "connections" windows , drag and drop   from  the first left side "jack-alsa-xxx" to  the first right side  "simplescreenrecorder": you will get a connection displayed and vumeter will move in the first simplescreenrecorder.
Do the same for the second "jack-alsa" and "simplescreenrecorder"
Now you can record  audio from each browser in each simplescreenrecorder

May be Firefox has problem with html5 and jack audio server in youtube,  I have only tested with flashplayer.


cannot install any packages in Ubuntu 16.04 - broken dependencies

You're having problems because of your packages and libraries and repositories are not fully upgraded/updated.

With time they will eventually be updated and upgraded automatically.  You can do this manually when you are installing a package by performing these steps:

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo apt full-upgrade
$ sudo apt autoremove

You may have to cycle through those steps more than once to have an absolute clean output.  If the output isn't clean the output will include the necessary steps to fix the errors problems that persist.

Some of the upgrades may require a system reboot to take effect.  You can check if this is the case with this command:

$ ls /var/run/*reboot* | egrep -v crond

No output will indicate you don't have to reboot.

By the way, you were on the right track about removing the broken packages.  But in this case, that part will unlikely be needed.  The system's upgrade will resolve the depencies.


What is the relationship between Ubuntu Single Sign On and Launchpad Login Service?

Afaik Launchpad and Ubuntu SSO are the one and same user/password database. In this sense they're like a Google account or Yahoo account that uses the same username and password for multiple services/sites.

Note: If you login to http://login.ubuntu.com you can manage your launchpad OpenID options.


My Update manager is not showing the latest version of ubuntu 12.04?

As per your statement, if you want to upgrade to next version (12.04 ?) of ubuntu using update manager just type this command in terminal (or hit alt+f2 to run as a program)

$ update-manager -d

It will pop up update manager with the option to upgrade to next version of ubuntu on top.


Ubuntu FanControl settings using pwmconfig

Does the BIOS have an option to control the fan speed? If so use it and then the fan speed control will be independent of the operating system.

I have not used Windows since XP, but as far as I am aware the Windows operating system does not have fan speed control built in, so you are using a Windows application to control your fan speeds. This application is probably SpeedFan. Run it under Windows and record the settings.

Then under Ubuntu install, setup and run lm-sensors. Once sensors is reporting your fan speeds then install and run pwmconfig. Set it up to duplicate the settings you like from SpeedFan.


The package python-pythoncard is in the universe repository, so a simple:

sudo apt-get install python-pythoncard

will work. Alternatively, open the Software Center and search for pythoncard.


Where is the folder for kmenuedit located in Kubuntu?

KMenuEdit

http://docs.kde.org/stable/en/kde-workspace/kmenuedit/introduction.html :

  KMenuEdit stores the menu hierarchy in
  $HOME/.config/menus/applications-kmenuedit.menu and
  $HOME/.local/share/desktop-directories contains desktop files for
  submenus you created. In $HOME/.local/share/applications/ you find the
  desktop files for the custom items you created.

The executable is: /usr/bin/kmenuedit

It is installed from the package: kmenuedit - http://packages.ubuntu.com/saucy/kmenuedit

Desktop Menu Specification: http://standards.freedesktop.org/menu-spec/latest/


What are u_str, Recv-Q and Send-Q in ss output?

u_str is a stream socket and equivalent to netstat's SOCK_STREAM.

  SOCK_STREAM: This is a stream (connection) socket.

From Wikipedia:

  In computer operating systems, a stream socket is a type of interprocess communications socket or network socket which provides a connection-oriented, sequenced, and unique flow of data without record boundaries, with well-defined mechanisms for creating and destroying connections and for detecting errors.

Let's create a stream socket:

netcat -lU /tmp/streamsocket

Now run:

ss -an | grep streamsocket

It will output:

u_str  LISTEN     0      5      /tmp/streamsocket 123360      * 0

Simply put, it's the type of socket which can be "UDP" or "TCP" too. Let's create a UDP socket:

netcat -lu 127.0.0.1 8060

Now, ss -l sport = 8060 will tell you that this one is a "UDP" instead of "u_str".

For the "Recv-Q" and "Send-Q" columns, consult man 8 netstat:

  Recv-Q
         The count of bytes not copied by the user program connected to this socket.

  Send-Q
         The count of bytes not acknowledged by the remote host.


How to compile programs that use term.h?

Indeed, clear_screen is a macro:

$ grep clear_screen /usr/include/term.h
#define clear_screen                   CUR Strings[5]

You will have to use some other name, like the linked page does:

void Clear_screen (void)

The compiler messages also state this:

clear_screen_UNIX.c:9:6: note: in expansion of macro ‘clear_screen’

That's why the errors seem to be in term.h - the macro expansion leads there.


You can use LibreOffice with the pdf-import extension, or use Abiword to edit your pdf documents with a spell checker.

The extension can be installed on the command line with:

sudo apt-get install libreoffice-pdfimport

And Abiword can be installed with:

sudo apt-get install abiword


Which configuration file should I edit to configure file type association?

Try this:

Edit the file ~/.local/config/mimeapps.list and under the [Default Applications] add application/x-php=sublime.desktop;, if that's the name of sublime desktop file.

[Default Applications]
...
application/x-php=sublime.desktop;


To use grep for two different lines, search for both patterns

$ grep -e sweet -e lemon file_type
This is a sweet
lemon.

Or use alternation

$ grep -E 'sweet|lemon' file_type
This is a sweet
lemon.

To get the next line after a pattern, you could use the context option

$ grep -A1 sweet file_type
This is a sweet
lemon.

But if you're searching explicitly for a multiline pattern, that's tricky because grep thinks in lines.... Your .* will catch everything between "sweet" and "lemon" on the line. We can get "lemon" on the next line with -P using \n to match the newline and by telling grep the file is null separated with -z:

$ grep -zPo 'This is a sweet\nlemon' file_type
This is a sweet
lemon.

Notes:

-E Use extended regular expressions (to use | character for alternation without needing to escape it)
-An Print additional lines after the pattern, where n is the number of trailing lines to print
-P Use perl-style regular expressions ("experimental" in grep - install pcregrep instead for better perl regex support)
-z Use the null character as separator (just pretending in this case, but grep will take our word for it)
-o only print the matched part


Installed Ubuntu on separate partition and now can't boot into Windows

You need to configure the GRUB. That's the thing that will allow you to choose Ubuntu or Windows at startup.

I think you should start by looking at the GRUB documentation and look specifically to section "Configuring GRUB 2". It will show you how to set default behavior and a lot of cool thing to custom.

But be careful, you can do a lot of damage with the wrong modification.


how to change default browser via terminal/update-alternatives?

That settings cannot be changed by update-alternatives. It's controlled by xdg-settings. You can use this command to change the default from command line

xdg-settings set default-web-browser google-chrome.desktop


GRUB dual boot menu fails to load specifically after shutting down from Windows 10

Try with the live session, on the USB or cd, to reinstall grub-efi. Open a terminal and enter the following commands:

sudo mount /dev/sda# /mnt

Replace the hashtag in /dev/sda# with the number representing the partition where you had Ubuntu 16.04 installed. You can use gparted to do it.
sudo mount /dev/sda# /mnt/boot/efi

Replace the hashtag in /dev/sda# with the number representing the efi partition. It's usually /dev/sda2.
sudo mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev

sudo mount -o bind /proc /mnt/proc

sudo mount -o bind /sys /mnt/sys

sudo mount -o bind /run /mnt/run

sudo chroot /mnt/

sudo apt-get install --reinstall grub-efi

sudo update-grub

reboot, to realize if it works.


Touchpad doesn't work after certain time

The problem is that you added syndaemon -i 1 -K -d.

If at the same time the option "Disable touchpad while typing" is enabled, two instances of syndaemon are running. This finally lead to touchpad freeze.

Disable that option or remove the syndaemon command.


The Xfce Appmenu Plugin looks rather abandoned and currently unmaintained. I tried to get it working under Ubuntu Precise, but failed. You can try to install xfce4-appmenu-plugin that I copied to my testing PPA, but I would expect it not to work for you.

For details see:

appmenu on Xubuntu 12.10


This error has been fixed as of Nov 28th, but I dont think it is part of a release yet.

https://github.com/lyricat/Hotot/pull/578


Bluetooth doesn't work with Ubuntu 18.04 [BCM20702A1-13d3-3411]

Try executing the following command in the terminal.

This will download the Broadcom Bluetooth firmware for Linux kernel to /lib/firmware/brcm.

sudo wget --tries=3 --timeout=120 https://github.com/winterheart/broadcom-bt-firmware/raw/master/brcm/BCM20702A1-13d3-3411.hcd -P /lib/firmware/brcm

After installing the firmware, simply reboot to load the driver.


Dell Powerdge840 2.4GHz 64 bit quad core

From the Dell PowerEdge 840 manuals:

Your system supports the following operating systems:

• Microsoft Windows ServerTM 2003, Standard Edition and Web Edition

• Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition 64-Bit

• Red Hat® Enterprise Linux ES (version 3) for Intel x86

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES (version 4) for Intel x86

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES (version 4) for Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology (Intel EM64T)
• SUSE® Linux Enterprise Server 9 (Service Pack 2 or later) for Intel EM64T

Therefore this is not a Ubuntu-related question - sorry!


Installed Ubuntu on Alienware m17xR4 but unable choice it at startup

Boot using a live usb/cd of ubuntu.
Use boot-repair to fix the problem.

After booting with live usb/cd ,Run following command in terminal,

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Use Recomended Repair

More information can be found here- > https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

After running this program, it will show one url. Keep it with you. If the above method fails post that url here.


If you really want to uncompress them in parallel, you could do

for i in *zip; do unzip "$i" & done

That however, will launch N processes for N .zip files and could be very heavy on your system. For a more controlled approach, launching only 10 parallel processes at a time, try this:

find . -name '*.zip' -print0 | xargs -0 -I {} -P 10 unzip {}

To control the number of parallel processes launched, change -P to whatever you want. If you don't want recurse into subdirectories, do this instead:

find . -maxdepth 1 -name '*.zip' -print0 | xargs -0 -I {} -P 10 unzip {}

Alternatively, you can install GNU parallel as suggested by @OleTange in the comments and run

parallel unzip ::: *zip


If you are doing a minimal install, you will need to install the X packages yourself prior to installing the desktop of your choice.

Thus, the key packages are xorg, xserver-xorg-core together with the video driver of your choice.

If you are just testing, my suggestion would be to install xserver-xorg-input-all for all the possible input devices together with xserver-xorg-video-all for all the open-source video-drivers.

Install these packages first, together with the GRUB entries quiet i915.modeset=0 xforcevesa to allow the GUI to display correctly.


Xrdp "black screen": can I break loose by logging in with different user account?

One way of solving this issue is to change the power management settings to never lock or display screen saver. This might not solve your problem of waking up an idle XRDP session but will prevent it from going into a sleep mode.


This is a 99% programming (StackExchange - PHP), and only 1% Linux (/Ubuntu) question.

All you need is to write your output (this is pure PHP) from the sites to file, or files.
Like into a global error file in /home/username/log.errors

In the Terminal you will need to use the watch command.
Like so: watch cat /home/username/log.errors
Of course you can utilise cat, tail, and other commands you want.
Watch will periodically run the command, and show the result.

But PHP errors already DO get logged by default.
These logs can be found under /var/log, and they sometime require root to read them.
Good luck.


Adding Page Quotas to the network printers

When you set up a printer using the lpadmin command, you can specify the quota settings.

Particularly, there are two values you should be interested in:

job-page-limit
This lets you set the number of pages in the limit, for a specified time period.
job-quota-period
This lets you decide how long the page limit quota lasts.

For example, if you want to set users to be able to print a max of 20 pages per day from the printer myprinter, you would use the following command (as root):

lpadmin -p myprinter -o job-quota-period=86400 -o job-page-limit=20

You must run this command once per printer on each computer that is directly connected to the printer in question.

If you wish to set a non-expiring limit, set job-quota-period to 0.

Some caveats though:

These quotas apply to everyone, and there is no way to change this. Root is just as affected by this quota as anyone else
Counting can be wonky. For example, a person at (quota - 1) current pages can easily send a job of any size and it will still print.
Jammed and aborted jobs still cont towards the quota
Error messages are confusing to end users, and give no information.

Source 1 Source 2


svscan takes a non-zero amount of time to start up the supervises, and they in turn take a non-zero amount of time to present the control/status API for the services that svcthen uses.  You cannot expect svc -u, run in parallel whilst this is happening, to work.  But you don't need to run svc -u at bootstrap in the first place, to autostart something that is in /services and not configured as down.

You don't need to use the old rc.local when Gerrit Pape has made the daemontools-run package.  And in any case the command to run in the old rc.local way of doing things is svscanboot.  However, you are using Ubuntu Linux, and have had no need of the old rc.local way of doing things for the past ten years.

On Ubuntu 15, run svscan under systemd with a path unit and a service unit.  On Ubuntu 14, run svscan under upstart with a job file.

Further reading

Jonathan de Boyne Pollard (2015). /etc/inittab is a thing of the past..  Frequently Given Answers.
Jonathan de Boyne Pollard (2014-09-23). Where to put daemontools startup in systemd Jessie?.  debian-user.
Jim Carroll (2006). DaemontoolsUpstartConfig.  Ubuntu wiki.
Matt Pulver (2008-02-15). djb daemontools with Ubuntu’s upstart.  eigenjoy.
Gerrit Pape.  Debian daemontools.  Debian packages.
daemontools-run.  Ubuntu 14.04 packages.
Daniel J. Bernstein.  The svscanboot program.  daemontools.
Bruce Guenter.  svscanboot.  daemontools-encore.


Kotion Each G2000 headset not working by USB

This answer is pretty short but nothing you'd want to hear:

The Kotion Each G2000's USB is only for the light!

See the product description on Amazon:

"Headset interface: USB (plug the USB connector, LED light is on, unplug, it off) + 3.5mm stereo"

To make it work, you simply have to use the 3.5mm stereo ports.


It seems that when you install from iso-file (in virtual machine), cdrom contents are not visible in preseed, just as you described above. Only when you actually write the iso to usb stick (make the iso hybrid first) and install from that, it works as it should. Don't know why, but I think the answer is hidden in debian-installer somewhere.

EDIT: I should mention also that you have to install to a real computer from that usb stick, because if you try to install to virtual machine, installation process will break for some unknown reason. The answer to be found in d-i again ...

Kyle, please elaborate what was your method of installation (in virtual machine, from cdrom, from usb, ... ?)

Have a look at this also: http://www.wallix.org/2011/11/02/automatic-installation-of-debian-squeeze-from-a-usb-flash-drive/


An application asks to unlock the keyring on startup, but it doesn't say which one

I setup my box for auto-login and it does this on every login.  In my case it's nm-applet/network-manager family of apps.

edit:
btw the problem has been around for some time, evidently some half-fix got undone during a package upgrade, but i digress...one solution is here

WHATEVER is causing the problem you could add after login but before everything else: a script with libpam-gnome-keyring to unlock it...the package to get this tool is: libpam-gnome-keyring at least in 11.04

#!/bin/bash
#launch useful stuff for gnome
#first unlock the default keyring...
echo YOUR_KEYRING_PASSWORD_HERE | /usr/libexec/pam-keyring-tool -u -s
#then run nm-applet in the background...
nm-applet &

and the "bugs" on bugzilla are probably being continually given priority of low because it's only for autologin users.  it doesn't happen "out of the box" only due to customization.  just trying to help you understand why it seems like the devs don't care.  it's not a coding problem, it's...well...something else.

proof video that it is nm-applet is here

and the reason it freezes the menu system is not because of gksudo, it's because it's an applet trying to start that grabs the tray and locks the menu-system.  at least in my case you can still launch icons on the desktop.  try putting a shortcut to a terminal there if you really must go mucking about with the prompt there.


Problem with wrongly displayed accented letters

The cause was a manually installed font, uninstalling it solved the problem.
To do it i just removed the fonts files .ttf from the paths \usr\share\fonts\truetype and \usr\local\share\fonts.


I think your problems with "unable to resolve host blackbook" are not directly related to your problems with starting hwinfo. The latter, I suspect, is caused simply by the fact that hwinfo in not installed by default. At least I checked a few of my machines and none of them have hwinfo installed. I have to admit that I don't have access to a recent "vanilla" Ubuntu box - all of mine were upgraded from older Ubuntu versions. To install the program open a terminal and type the following:

sudo apt-get install hwinfo

(actually, the error message should've told you to do so). Enter your own password when it asks - not root's.

Then you'll be able to start it by typing

sudo hwinfo

(provided that it needs to be started as root, as somebody stated in the comments. Otherwise just type hwinfo)


How do I get the Kubuntu upgrade notification icon back?

Open up KPackageKit in Kickoff (under the Computer tab), and it should offer to install updates.

If KPK can't do it:

sudo do-release-upgrade


Anybody know how to get the eyedropper tool to work in the GIMP when running Ubuntu 11.04 in Virtual Machine from 7?

This is most likely an issue of the Guest Additions graphics driver, that may also depend on the graphics driver from the host. You may want to update Virtual Box to the latest release (at present 4.1.2) including updating Guest Additions.

If this bug is not yet fixed try running 10.04 with desktop effects (Compiz) set to "off".

Side-note: graphics in virtual box will be much better integrated in 11.10 where you will also have the option to run Unity2D. However there are other issues that warrant waiting for the official release.


octave from ppa with packages not possible

The PPA ppa:octave/stable do not contain packages named liboctave3 and octave-optim. So the behavior is expected.

I see the following possible solutions:

do not install liboctave3 package, but use Octave from mentioned PPA and install optim package from forge with the following commands in terminal

sudo apt-get install liboctave-dev

and inside Octave shell

pkg install -forge struct
pkg install -forge io
pkg install -forge statistics
pkg install -forge optim

purge the PPA and install Octave 4.0 from Ubuntu universe repositories and install needed packages:

sudo ppa-purge ppa:octave/stable
sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt-get install liboctave3 octave-optim


I have found two previously-asked questions here on Ask Ubuntu that look like they would be relevant to you:

Logitech C310 webcam video problems
Logitech C310 audio problems

The good news is your camera should be expected to work out of the box, more or less. No manual driver installation will be necessary.

That being said, this particular model does seem to have some video and especially audio issues on 11.10.


How can I get an encrypted flash drive to automount in Gnome+xmonad?

(Thanks to sktsee on the ubuntu-users mailing list for helping me arrive at this solution):

The magic for this is in the GNOME session file. To get encrypted automounting to work, add the line "DesktopName=Unity" to /usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session. The final session file looks like this:

[GNOME Session]
Name=Xmonad/GNOME
RequiredComponents=gnome-settings-daemon;gnome-panel;xmonad
DesktopName=Unity

For people troubleshooting related problems, it was informative to start a GNOME+Metacity session, then run xmonad --replace in a terminal window. In my case, using the xmonad --replace technique confirmed that the automounting behavior was not an issue caused by xmonad itself, but rather a lack of the appropriate running services.


How to provide a network address to a DSL connection in Ubuntu?

first connect your lan cable and then from up panel in ubuntu louncher search network connection after choose it you can see ubuntu network manager for setup local network with specific ip address click add and choose lan or etherenet then choose ipv4setting tab and in method menu choose manual after click add and specif your ip address last of do setting save
after for create adsl (ppoe) connection again click on add in network manager and choose DSL and put your username and password and then save it in ppp setting tab you can edite autonthication of security profile


open below file:

gksudo gedit /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-ubuntu.conf

and change line user-session to what session you want to set it as default session (default is "ubuntu" for Ubuntu 14.04)

[SeatDefaults]
user-session=ubuntu

You can get all installed session on your Ubuntu with the following command:

ls /usr/share/xsessions/

gnome.desktop
kde-plasma.desktop
ubuntu.desktop
xfce.desktop
xubuntu.desktop


My printer works normally except for when printing from a browser, how can I fix this?

Some ideas:

What does (in firefox) File->Print Preview display?  Does it look right?

Select (in firefox) File->Page Setup.  Does what's displayed look right?

Select (in firefox) File->Print and look through all of the tabs to see if anything looks wrong.  Is your printer the one selected under the General tab?

If you run lpstat (from a console) immediately after printing something to your printer, what does it say?

What happens if you select "Print To File"?  Do you get a file saved?

If you do, what happens if you send that file directly to your printer with lp filename or lpr filename?

If you use CUPS (most systems do), what do you see for the printer information?
Put localhost:631/printers in your browser address bar and select the entry for your printer.  See if everything there looks OK.

Does it show your current/recent print jobs in the print queue near the bottom of the page? You can post the output here if you're not sure.

If you have or can borrow another printer, does Firefox print to that?

I've had printing do nothing for certain postscript files (from printing to postscript file from inside acroread).  It also happens if your printer is "dumb" and requires a firmware download before printing.  This is the case for HP1006C and HP1020 Laserjets, but I don't think inkjet printers have that "feature".

Since it's Firefox, try entering about:config in your address bar. That will take you to the Advanced Configuration screen.

Put "print" in the search bar and scroll down through the (many) entries that are still displayed.  Look for entries that contain the name of your printer.  (Once you see the actual name that is used for your printer, you can just search for that the next time you need to venture here.)

Are there any entries for your printer at all?  If not, then that's a big problem that I don't know how to deal with, but it's a good place to start asking a more precise question.

There should be two types of entries. One type is about defining the printer and will start with printer_yourprintername. ...

The other type is about how some of the options are set right now and will start with print_tmp_printfeatures_yourprintername. (For now, ignore these.)

If they are there, are the entries right? This is pretty much a rhetorical question because there are a ton of them and it can be really hard to figure out what a lot of them mean at all before you even get to whether they're right or not. Look for things like whether it thinks it needs to download firmware, whether it has a definition for the size of paper you use, and whether it says anything about using a paper source (tray) that you don't have.

The whole about:config screen is not selectable or printable :( , so if anything looks funny or you just can't figure it out at all (It took me several years of flailing to understand what just a few of the settings do), you may want to copy the whole thing up to the web where we can see it. It should (usually) be found in $HOME/.mozilla/firefox/(some_random_string).default/prefs.js  which is a plain text file.

For now, don't open it with an editor. It has a few very long lines and gets overwritten every time Firefox closes.


File server that works like samba but over internet? :)

One solution to this is the WebDav protocol, which runs over http (or preferably https).
I have never had the need to set this up myself, but this video a video showing how to configure the server side on Ubuntu 10.04 looks useful... Set Up WebDAV With Apache2 On Ubuntu 14.04 Server thats on You Tube.


Alternative to Little-Snitch app-firewall or LuLu for Ubuntu in 2019

Why not using UFW? It's simple and configurable.

sudo apt install ufw gufw

Launch GUI UFW with your favorite launcher there you can see what apps are using internet and on which port specifically.

After all you can ban the app from accessing the internet on a specific port or block the entire service in Rules section.


Will simple encryption be coming to 12.04

No, 12.04 has been released and a new feature like that comes in the next release of Ubuntu.

See also:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/StableReleaseUpdates


Something like 'KDE Present Windows' / 'Compiz Scale' / 'Mac OS X exposé' in Openbox / LXDE / Xfce?

How about Skippy-XD? It is a full-screen task-switcher for X11 similar to Mac OS X's Exposé feature.

From the above site:

  Skippy-XD is a standalone application for providing a window picker with live previews (including live video) on Linux desktops that run an X server with compositing support. That means it's not baked into the window manager, and the compositing is not being used all the time. So the performance of you're window manager isn't degraded, but you still get a window picker that's every bit as pretty as OSX's Exposé or KWin's "Present Windows", with all the desktop-navigational efficiency. Compositing only takes effect when you press the hotkey to display the window picker.

I've tried it and it works well, though it doesn't include window decorations.

To install latest development packages (recommended), use the Skippy-XD PPA (daily). If you use Xfce, you can easily bind skippy-xd command to Alt + Tab or Alt + Esc in Settings > Keyboard > Shortcuts. For other DEs it should work similarly.

Binding Skippy-XD to a screen corner

You can use xdotool to bind skippy-xd to a screen corner. First, make sure xdotool is installed:

sudo apt-get install xdotool

Add the following line to your autostart applications:

xdotool behave_screen_edge bottom-right exec skippy-xd

Valid location keys are:

left
top-left
top
top-right
right
bottom-left
bottom
bottom-right

xdotool is very lightweight and should have next to no negative impact on your system.

Source for the screen corner binding technique:

http://urukrama.wordpress.com/2008/05/23/expose-type-behaviour-in-openbox/#comment-13674


Bluetooth mouse not pairing in 20.04 and 20.10

This question is now o.b.e. I was investigating 20.04 and 20.10 because I had upgraded the Ubuntu Mate 18.04 installation on this laptop to 20.10 and it appeared that I wasn't going to be able to use the most recent version of Mate anymore. Today I tried booting into the installed Ubuntu Mate 20.10 and ran the Software Updater. Among other things it updated all the Bluetooth-related software. Upon rebooting with a fully updated Ubuntu Mate 20.10 I was able to use the Bluetooth mouse with no problems.
In the process of this investigation I discovered that I had failed to install one required package that was preventing my normal workflow from working on 20.10, and with that corrected it looks like I can stay with Mate for a while.
I don't have the resources to test it, but it seems likely that if this problem is fixed in Ubuntu Mate 20.10, it is fixed in all flavors of Ubuntu 20.10.


Skymaster,

This should really be a comment not answer... but I don't yet have enough rep to add a comment !

So in this link on the Ubuntu Wiki there are instructions for installing and using the various sensors with Ubuntu. This should enable you to get more info as to what exactly is causing the overheating. Other than that, you could test on a live CD to see if you still have the same problem (it may be a WUBI specific issue that needs a bug report).

In fact a hunt and I found this page  on ubuntu brainstorm, and lead me to the launchpad bug report

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/370173

You should add your info to the report, or open a new bug if you think it is different enough.

Did I mention that I don't have enough reputation to post comments or links !

The thread also has some workaround details.

If you are a linux newb and need more help, just put a comment into this thread (or better still update your question).

Also I would highly recomend the ubuntu forums (if you are already a member), although I get the impression that a lot of the forums folks hand around here also.

sorry I feel that I haven't really helped out much - its a bit of a naff answer, keep us updated with how things are going...

David.


I accidentally deleted a partition and my system won't boot

You moved the first sector of your Ubuntu boot partition. That is why the loader does not know where to find it.

This can be easily fixed.

Boot from a LiveUSB.
Mount you Ubuntu partition to /mnt. I see that you have done that already. But in case you boot again run:

sudo mount /dev/sda8 /mnt
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
sudo mount --bind /sys  /mnt/sys

Then chroot and update grub:

sudo chroot /mnt
sudo update-grub
exit

Reboot to Ubuntu a normal way.

You can also try Boot repair. But you need to know that your Ubuntu partition is sda8 and the EFI partition is sda6.


How to improve the speed of a USB-based installation of Ubuntu?

I think that hardware controller can be USB-1.1 and no real USB-2.0, thats why its slow, you can try add Swap into ANOTHER USB.


The general scheme for the proxy URL is user:password@host:port

You can set the environment variable http_proxy, https_proxy, ftp_proxy, socks_proxy or all_proxy

In a bash shell, type this:

export http_proxy="http://user:password@host:port"

To persist this configuration, you can add it to /etc/environment or /etc/bash.bashrc, /etc/profile or to an individual user /home/user/.bashrc


You have the correct GRUB boot loader installed ! - You only see the old Windows boot menu entry, because the Windows BCD store has not been modified after you had installed Ubuntu.

Boot Windows and open command prompt as administrator and execute :

bcdedit /enum all /v

Search for the debian boot entry menu ... copy the identifier and execute :

bcdedit /set {*} description "Ubuntu"

Replace the * with the copied identifier.

Update (with instructions addressing the new information provided on December, 8 / 2015)

First re-install the Windows boot loader.
Boot from Windows installation media and on Install now screen select Repair your computer.
Choose Command prompt and execute:

bootrec.exe /fixmbr
bootrec.exe /fixboot
bootrec.exe /rebuildbcd

Then re-install the "Ubuntu" boot loader.
Boot from Ubuntu installation media and select Try Ubuntu without installing ... on desktop ...
Open a terminal and execute :

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
sudo grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/sda

Note : sda = disk | sda1 = Ubuntu system partition (taken from the screenshot in your question)


How to downgrade Ansible 2.1.1.0 to 2.0.2?

Ansible is distributed as a Python package published in PyPI and it's better to use pip. So uninstall the APT-installed package and execute:

pip install -I ansible==2.0.2

Depending on your configuration (and current state) you might need to install some dependencies. From my experience the following make Ansible work flawlessly. Try first to rely on automatically installed package dependencies, but if you encounter errors, use them as a reference:

APT packages

python-setuptools
python-dev
autoconf  (required for pip install pycrypto)
g++  (required for pip install pycrypto)
python2.7-dev  (required for pip install pycrypto)
sshpass  (required for using Ansible with plain text passwords)
build-essential
libssl-dev
libffi-dev

Pip packages

paramiko
PyYAML
Jinja2
httplib2
six

You might consider using virtual environments like virtualenv in Python to keep several versions available. There is more information about Python virtual environments here.


Ubuntu can play every commonly-used video format. Simply have the videos uploaded in the way they were before you switched to Ubuntu. I really can't imagine a technology your daughter-in-law might upload to that wouldn't work. You may be asked to install a "video codec" or player, but Ubuntu will recognize and install the required software automatically.

If you do not know how to share videos to begin, I recommend uploading to YouTube and selecting the "Unlisted" option to keep the videos private. Then you can simply watch and share the videos through your internet browser.


How do I uninstall the Gestures Python GUI app from 19.04

After reading the code a bit (https://gitlab.com/cunidev/gestures/blob/master/gestures/configfile.py)

it looks like it does seem to create a backup

self.filePath = path + "/.config/libinput-gestures.conf"
self.backupPath = path + "/.config/libinput-gestures.conf.bak"

try

mv ~/.config/libinput-gestures.conf.bak  ~/.config/libinput-gestures.conf


Zeitgeist does not index folders in NTFS partition

Dash is using the index database created by locate.
To make locate to index and show file on an NTFS partition, you should edit the file /etc/updatedb.conf, and change the line

PRUNEPATHS="/tmp /var/spool /media"

to

PRUNEPATHS="/tmp /var/spool"

This works if your NTFS partition is mounted on a mountpoint under /media (highly probable).

To update immediately the locate database, run

sudo updatedb


Why is my dual-boot Ubuntu partition showing up as a peripheral "root.disk"?

It seems you installed Ubuntu with the Windows Installer (Wubi). This means that your Ubuntu installation resides in a file on your Windows (NTFS) partition (look for C:\ubuntu\disks\root.disk). This file will be mounted as a loop device on booting into Ubuntu. This is the "peripheral device" you noticed.

It is therefore likely not the dual-boot setup you intended to do. But, as you already mentioned, if everything works fine you may leave it like that. You can always migrate this installation to a regular installation later:

How to convert Wubi install into regular install?


Launch Stadia with hardware video acceleration

Install Chromium Beta

Add the repository with HW acceleration
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:saiarcot895/chromium-beta
sudo apt update

Install Chromium Beta
sudo apt install chromium-browser

In Chromium write in the URL chrome://flags/ --> enable "Hardware-accelerated video decode"

Check HW video Acceleration
As we have said, although in chrome://gpu/ appears Video Decode: Hardware accelerated, it doesn't mean it's really so.
Check it directly running a video with Chromium

Execute a 4K video in Youtube (to force the GPU to run)
Open chrome://media-internals/
In the Players Tab, press in the blue box with the Youtube Link and check if kVideoDecoderName = "MojoVideoDecoder" --> This is VP9 Codec
If there is anything else shown, like "VpxVideoDecoder" it means is not really enabled.

Note: Tested with Ubuntu 20.10 and Intel(R) UHD Graphics 630
Create a WebApp shortcut

Create a file (i.e. google-stadia.desktop) with the following content:
#!/usr/bin/env xdg-open
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Name=Stadia
Exec=chromium-browser --app=https://stadia.google.com/home
Icon=/home/$USERNAME/.local/share/icons/hicolor/256x256/apps/google-stadia.png

Download a Stadia Icon as .png (look for "stadia icon 256x256" in google) and copy it
cp google-stadia.png /home/$USERNAME/.local/share/icons/hicolor/256x256/apps/google-stadia.png

Install the .desktop file (it copies it inside ~/.local/share/applications/ ) with:
xdg-desktop-menu install google-stadia.desktop

Now it will be available directly from Ubuntu Dash, and you can put it in your dock.

To uninstall the .desktop file simply run:
xdg-desktop-menu uninstall google-stadia.desktop


How to prevent resume from sleep/suspend on lid open?

Its no less hacky, but you can simplify the solution by adding echo "LID " > /proc/acpi/wakeup to the /etc/rc.local file. This way you don't have to create a startup script.


how to install Ubuntu Phone OS on my samsung galaxy s3?

The Ubuntu version that xda installed on the phone is the desktop version and not the phone version. The phone specific OS currently only works with some moddels. It bricks most other moddels.

You will not be able to call anything with it if you install the desktop version on it.

That being said, No, there is no "safe" way of flashing any mobile machine. You can however reduce the risks if you know what you're doing and use safeguards like a nand backup.

there is always a slight chance of bricking your system. If that happens you will not be able to put android back on the phone and you'll be left with a very expensive paper weight.

If you're still interested in installing Ubuntu on your phone comment and I'll add the general guide of how to do it to this post.


Why Ubuntu stopped publishing signed linux kernel images since 4.16.4?

I don't think mainline kernel images have been signed previously either. Latest releases just changed the package names.

To verify I checked images against Canonical certificate: https://github.com/slytomcat/UEFI-Boot/blob/master/keys/canonical-uefi-ca.crt

❯ sudo sbverify --cert canonical-uefi-ca.crt /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.1-041601-generic
warning: file-aligned section .text extends beyond end of file
warning: checksum areas are greater than image size. Invalid section table?
No signature table present
Unable to read signature data from /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.1-041601-generic
Signature verification failed

❯ sudo sbverify --cert canonical-uefi-ca.crt /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-23-generic
Signature verification OK


How is my Intel gpu running without its driver installed?

This information means that your graphic card uses the kernel driver named i915. This driver handle console display, can handle resolution changes, and provides the low-level infrastructure to the other drivers.

xserver-xorg-video-intel is the legacy driver used by Xorg, and provides resolution changes and 2d drawing.

If you don't install xserver-xorg-video-intel, Xorg will use the modesetting driver, provided by the xserver-xorg-core package.


Public folder in an encrypted home directory?

I needed the public directory so that Nginx could access files in my project directories. This solution came to me today:

sudo chmod 750 /home/vic
sudo adduser www-data vic

So I gave r-x access to my home directory to the user group to which my user belongs to. Then I added Nginx user to my group.


Cannot mount encrypted home after password change, ecryptfs not configured (no passphrase set)

Not sure about recovery options, but as far as getting a usable system, you should be able to reformat the /home partition (since it should be a separate partition, due to the encryption). I haven't really dealt with separate /home partitions much, so not sure what else you'll need to get a usable system. If you have root, you should be ok. If you haven't set a root password (which is generally not recommended, but can be handy if you know what you're doing), I'm not entirely sure how you'd go about getting your user account setup on the fresh /home partition. You may need to research reformatting /home partitions.

The other option is to just reinstall, as you mentioned, and honestly from the sound of it, it won't be that much more painful for you to do it that way, considering you didn't seem to have much going on with your current install.

Oh, by the way, you may want to create a data storage partition. There are two good reasons for this. One, you can have a shared partition that both Windows and Ubuntu can access for media files. Two, if you ever need to wipe one of the OS's out, or get locked out like you have here, the files will still be accessible. Of course, if you want it to be shared, you'll need to make it an NTFS partition, and then setup a UserMap, so that Ubuntu and Windows know which permissions to

As for swap, with that much RAM, you really don't need that much, probably anywhere from 4 to 8 GB should be more than large enough (and I think you can skimp by with as little as 256MB). Swap is important, but you really don't need that much.


screen keyboard doesn't appear on my 18.04

The Native Screen Keyboard in 18.04 seems to be working only with gdm & shell related things and not with GTK related things or apps..

this may be the reason it is working on login/unlock and on authentication prompts only

from the source https://developer.gnome.org/gok/

  GOK - Gnome Onscreen Keyboard This module is heading towards planned
  deprecation. It will continue to be supported and API/ABI stable
  throughout the GNOME 2.x series, but we do not recommend using it in
  new applications unless you require functionality that has not already
  been moved elsewhere.

I have just tested GOK in 18.10 and it is working fine in normal apps or in browsers..


That is because you need to launch the file browser with admin privileges, and to do that, open a terminal window (ctrl-alt-t), type sudo -i to become root user, then type nautilus to launch the file browser.

summary:

ctrl-alt-t
sudo -i
nautilus


Brightness adjustment impossible after hibernation (MacbookAir 3.2, Ubuntu 12.04)

I experience the same issue, but there is a workaround:

After waiting a minute or two, adjusting brightness works.


Two finger scrolling and two finger pointer moving if 1 finger is in lower 20%

This issue has been fixed in a new version of xorg-synaptics. At least it has been fixed for me. Try Ubuntu 15.10 or install a HWE to 14.04.

Also libinput can be used instead of xorg-synaptics. See this question.


http://packages.debian.org/experimental/libtracker-sparql-0.16-0

http://packages.debian.org/source/experimental/tracker

But be careful. It has lot of dependencies and it may potentially break your system.  So unless you actually know what you are doing, its not recommended to install this.


Problem with tar when using Systemd timer

Give a full path into fn variable.
Or add

 cd $dir

Also verify if mssql user have privileges to write in backup directory.


Since you installed the proprietary ATI driver, you have to use the tool AMDCCLE to configure your monitors. Just search "AMD" in the dash, and then you can change the resolution there.


`Error! Could not locate dkms.conf file`

This is usually caused by modules in /var/lib/dkms that don't have a dkms.conf file within their source subdirectories - dkms expects this file, so will report an error if it's missing, and then may miss out on compiling some valid modules.

To find the offending module, run this short script (thanks to Lekensteyn):

for i in /var/lib/dkms/*/[^k]*/source; do [ -e "$i" ] || echo "$i";done

That will output any dkms module directories; you can then decide whether to uninstall the package that created them, or if they've been manually installed or renamed, to move them somewhere else or remove them.


What is the term for the unity-menu/panel/input/taskbar/sidebar?

It's called the Dash. See here:

What's the right terminology for Unity's UI elements?


Ubuntu 16.04 Facebook has weird font in Chrome

Click on the pull down menu and settings.
At the bottom, select advanced settings
scroll down to the heading "Web content"
there you can select font, size and zoom


sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer


Does an Intel Core i3-3217U @ 1.80GHz (quad core, I think) qualify as "2 GHz dual core processor or better"

Your processor has two cores, albeit with four threads: less than 2 GHz clock, and while an effectively quad core at 1.8 GHz will have better overall performance than 2 GHz on older architecture, individual tasks generally run on a single thread, so will be 10% or more slower than the system expects.  If Ubuntu will successfully install, it will run with suboptimal performance.  Depending how you use your system, you might find performance acceptable, but you might prefer Lubuntu or Xubuntu, which have lower hardware requirements.


Why is the dash so unresponsive, and is there a way to fix this?

Use Compiz config setting manager and go to:

Ubuntu Unity Plugin -> Experimental -> Dash Blur

Setting it to No blur improved thing massively for me.


Try this solution http://akshathabel.blogspot.in/2013/04/electric-guitars-on-ubuntu-1304.html. Hope this helps.


How can I change the time format on the Ubuntu 20.04 lock screen?

I was able to change the format by following the instructions on this page but changing step 2 such that I added the dconf key org/gnome/desktop/interface and set the value of clock-format to '12h'.


How do you view the contents of a .CAB file?

Install the package cabextract: sudo apt-get install cabextract

From the command line, you can now do cabextract file.cab

You can also configure the Archive Manager GUI to open cab files once cabextract is installed.

Double click on the cab file.  You will be told that it can't be displayed, but that not actually true. Press Select Application.

Select Archive Manager from the "Open With" dialog and check the "Remember this application" box.

Now you can handle cab files like zip or rar files. You can use the "Extract here" right click option or double click to open in Archive Manager.


./mongod: error while loading shared libraries: libcurl.so.4: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

The MongoDB 4.0.0 packages for Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial) are not compatible with Ubuntu 18.04 (Bionic). In particular, the libcurl3 and libcurl4 packages on Ubuntu 18.04 both provide libcurl.so.4 (with conflicting APIs).

As per SERVER-33000 in the MongoDB issue tracker, an Ubuntu 18.04 package will be included with the upcoming MongoDB 4.0.1 release.

If you want to use MongoDB 4.0.0 in the interim for a development environment, a workaround would be to install the generic Linux 64-bit legacy binary download. The generic download does not include TLS/SSL or other features requiring external library dependencies (such as libcurl). This approach will also require you to set up your own service definition for MongoDB, so is best suited for a development environment.

Alternatively, you should be able to install the latest MongoDB 3.6 community server package, which does not have the libcurl dependency that is problematic on Ubuntu 18.04.


Cannot seem to update my shared libraries path

There is a naming convention for shared object libraries:

The "real" library file should be named libcudnn.so.7.0. From that file two soft links should be created:

$ sudo mv /usr/local/cuda-9.0/lib64/libcudnn.so.7 /usr/local/cuda-9.0/lib64/libcudnn.so.7.0
$ sudo ln -s /usr/local/cuda-9.0/lib64/libcudnn.so.7.0 /usr/local/cuda-9.0/lib64/libcudnn.so.7
$ sudo ln -s /usr/local/cuda-9.0/lib64/libcudnn.so.7.0 /usr/local/cuda-9.0/lib64/libcudnn.so

This allows the compiler to be called with the -lcudnn switch. Also ldconfig seams to verify this convention. See also this (link).


Issues with installing latest version of Ubuntu

If your HP Pavilion 524g, Is composed of:

Pentium 4 comes with 300G hd, dvd writer/reader, cd writer/reader, floppy disk, 512Mb ram, 15' inch monitor, seperate speakers, keyboard & mouse. XP professional installed.

You should try: antiX

antiX is a fast, lightweight and easy to install linux live CD distribution based on Debian Testing for Intel-AMD x86 compatible systems.

antiX offers users the "antiX Magic" in an environment suitable for old computers. So don't throw away that old computer yet!

It should run on most computers, ranging from 64MB old PII 266 systems with pre-configured 128MB swap to the latest powerful boxes. 128MB RAM is recommended minimum for antiX. The installer needs minimum 2.2GB hard disk size.

http://downloads.sourceforge.net/antix-linux/MX-14.3-non-pae.iso


What does Ubuntu "consists" of? How do I find out?

Simplest method - install Ubuntu, open up the Terminal, and dpkg --get-selections > /tmp/packagelist.txt.  Peruse /tmp/packagelist.txt at your leisure.  If you wonder what any of those things are, apt-cache show packagename.  If that's not enough information, start Googlin'.


Turning off Secure Boot was unnecessary in your case and is, generally speaking, inadvisable. If Secure Boot causes a problem, it will be a problem that causes Ubuntu to not boot at all -- you wouldn't even see a grub> prompt. The fact that you got into a desktop well before you disabled Secure Boot means that it's not the problem.

If you're seeing a grub> prompt, then that means that a mis-configured GRUB is booting. My hunch is that you're booting to an old GRUB installation that's trying to access a now-nonexistent Ubuntu partition. There are a couple of ways around this problem:

Delete the old GRUB files -- Ubuntu installs GRUB to the EFI/ubuntu directory on the EFI System Partition (ESP). You can delete that directory, assuming you don't need to preserve that GRUB installation (as you certainly don't if you've deleted Ubuntu, or even if you intend to re-install it). Of course, deleting that directory will be a challenge if you can't get anything to boot; but if you know how to boot into another OS, or even an EFI shell, you should be able to delete it. Once it's gone, the EFI won't be able to launch this non-functional GRUB, and the firmware will instead move on to another boot options.
Use the built-in boot manager to boot something else -- Most computers display a boot manager if you hit Esc, Enter, or a function key soon after powering on. (Which key does this varies greatly from one computer to another. Some machines display a prompt about this matter, but on some you may need to read the manual or just try keys randomly until something works.) Using this key, you should be able to select a boot option. With the Ubuntu install medium inserted, pick it -- and more specifically, pick the option that refers to the USB drive with the string "UEFI" attached to the description.

If you're having problems booting the Ubuntu installer, try creating it again. You may need to try with another program -- some programs for doing this job omit the EFI-mode boot loader or install it in a way that doesn't work with all EFI-based computers. Rufus and Unetbootin generally do a reasonable job of it, but I can't promise that either will work for you.


Creating a bootable USB stick in that guide does not change your install of OS X or your ability to boot OS X. Bootcamp is Apple software that allows you to install Windows as a dual-boot option; there is no support for running Ubuntu under Bootcamp.