Need to add Vlans to my NetPlan Config with KVM Bridge and bonding

This is the netplan file I would start out with. I am assuming vlan77 (from 10.0.77.0/24) is the native and the bond is a trunk. I also assume you want the VMs to be located in different vlans:

#/etc/netplan/01-networkd-vlan-bond.yml
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
       eno1:
            addresses: []
            dhcp4: false
            dhcp6: false
        eno2:
            addresses: []
            dhcp4: false
            dhcp6: false
        eno3:
            addresses: []
            dhcp4: false
            dhcp6: false
        eno4:
            addresses: []
            dhcp4: false
            dhcp6: false
  bonds:
      bond0:
          interfaces: [eno1, eno2, eno3, eno4]
          addresses: [10.0.77.2/24]
          gateway4: 10.0.77.1
          nameservers:
              addresses: [10.0.77.1,8.8.8.8]
              search: [domain.tld]
          dhcp4: false
          dhcp6: false
          parameters:
              mode: balance-xor

  bridges:
      br0:
          interfaces: [ bond0 ]
          dhcp4: false
          dhcp6: false
          parameters:
              forward-delay: 0
              stp: true
      br88:
          interfaces: [ vlan.88 ]
          dhcp4: false
          dhcp6: false
          addresses: []
          parameters:
              forward-delay: 0
              stp: true
      br99:
          interfaces: [ vlan.99 ]
          dhcp4: false
          dhcp6: false
          addresses: []
          parameters:
              forward-delay: 0
              stp: false
      br333:
          interfaces: [ vlan.333 ]
          dhcp4: false
          dhcp6: false
          addresses: []
          parameters:
              forward-delay: 0
              stp: true

  vlans:
      vlan.88:
          id: 88
          link: bond0
          dhcp4: false
          dhcp6: false
      vlan.99:
          id: 99
          link: bond0
          dhcp4: false
          dhcp6: false
      vlan.333:
          id: 333
          link: bond0
          dhcp4: false
          dhcp6: false

This is all assuming vlan77 is the native vlan so if that isn't the case, some modifications would need to be made. Since vlan77 is native you don't need a separate entry for vlan77.

I assign all IP addresses via my dhcp servers so my setup is slightly different and I've noticed on some networks I've had to have both the bond and the native vlan set to receive dhcp addressing so you may need to put the same IP address info in both the bond and the native bridge, which, in your case, would look like:

  br0:
      interfaces: [ bond0 ]
      dhcp4: false
      dhcp6: false
      addresses: [10.0.77.2/24]
      gateway4: 10.0.77.1
      nameservers:
          addresses: [10.0.77.1,8.8.8.8]
          search: [domain.tld]
      parameters:
          forward-delay: 0
          stp: true

But you shouldn't need this as it is not documented and really doesn't make much sense.


Right package for JSON-GLib development headers

The development files for json-glib can be installed through the normal software repositories, there's no need to get them from a different distro and converting packages!

sudo apt-get install libjson-glib-dev

When compiling an application and the configure script complains about missing dependencies, you'll need the development files (in 99% of the cases). In Ubuntu these are marked by a -dev at the end of the package name.


How should I display units in my application?

Ubuntu does have a policy for this.  The basic gist is as follows:

Use base-10 for network bandwidth (e.g. 6 Mbit/s or 50 kB/s) and disk sizes (e.g. 500 GB hard drive or 4.7 GB DVD).  When using base-10, follow the SI standard for prefixes (e.g. kB, MB).

Use base-2 for RAM sizes (e.g. 2 GiB RAM).  When using base-2, follow the IEC standard for prefixes (e.g. KiB, MiB).

There is the library libkibi, available starting with Ubuntu 11.04, that provides helper functions for formatting sizes appropriately.


Are there still issues with re-logging after desktop lock in Ubuntu 15.04?

I have encountered this problem in both 12.04 and 14.04 following an update.  Further updates appeared to fix the problem.  I recommend you run update a few times.  In the meantime I discovered a stop-gap measure which appears to work.  When this happens, select "log in as other user" (select other user) and then log in as the same user.  Your desktop reappears with all the same programs loaded and no data lost.


zsh, unlike bash, has a different glob/wildcard/expansion system, so it works differently so php*might not work as you expect.  So are instead of sudo apt-get remove php*, you could:

Quote it:

sudo apt-get remove "php*"

Bash it:

bash -c "sudo apt-get remove php*"

N.B. Whilst also being a bad idea (as previously pointed out), sudo apt-get remove php * returned the names of files and foldersin the current working directory (likely your home directory) because of the * - but this also means if you have any files in hte terminal's current working directory beginning with php, you may have a problem using php* to request stuff, as it might include those filenames in the expansion.

Another N.B. php5-fpmphp5-gd and php5-snmpphp5-sqlite might of been part of the update, as some of the packages being updated needed those packages as new dependencies. By php5-fpmphp5-gd and php5-snmpphp5-sqlite, you probably meant php5-fpm, php5-gd, php5-snmp, php5-sqlite... (looking at the output you provided, it was because newlines occurred at those points) you probably should of ran:

sudo apt-get remove --purge php-pear php5-cli php5-common php5-curl php5-fpm php5-gd php5-intl php5-mysql php5-pspell php5-readline php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl


What do the symbols in the left-most column of ncdu mean?

While in ncdu, press ? to show help, then 2 to show the formatting help.

Here it is :

┌───ncdu help─────────────────1:Keys───2:Format───3:About──┐
│                                                          │
│  X  [size] [graph] [file or directory]                   │
│   The X is only present in the following cases:          │
│                                                          │
│   !  An error occured while reading this directory       │
│   .  An error occured while reading a subdirectory       │
│   <  File or directory is excluded from the statistics   │
│   >  Directory was on an other filesystem                │
│   @  This is not a file nor a dir (symlink, socket, ...) │
│   H  Same file was already counted (hard link)           │
│   e  Empty directory                                     │
│                                                          │
│                                         Press q to close │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘


You may try setting the second disk as the default boot, boot into Ubuntu and do the following:

Open a terminal and run:

sudo nano /etc/grub.d/40_custom

It will open a text editor with some code. Go to the end of the file and add the following lines:

menuentry Windows 10 (disk 1) {

set root=(hd0,msdos1)

chainloader +1

boot

}

Hit Ctrl+O and then ENTER. HitCtrl+X. Now run:

sudo update-grub

And reboot. Make sure the second hard drive has boot priority. When GRUB shows up, select "Windows 10 (disk 1)" and hit ENTER.


The instructions assume you need vagrant to install Ubuntu, and are apparently geared towards people mainly using Windows or Mac and who would benefit from a separate VM to install and play with discourse. If Seth has an "Ubuntu machine lying around" with 13.04 already installed, he can just clone the git repo and set it up locally.

Setting things up locally and manually is documented here on GitHub. However it does seem a bit complex, the vagrant VM has all the needed services (pgsql, redis) already preconfigured so may be easier to get started with.

That said, if you're feeling brave, you can follow these steps to install and configure things on your local Ubuntu machine.

Disclaimer, it is a complex procedure that involves many moving parts, I tested this procedure on a freshly installed 13.04 system but if things go wrong, you should be prepared to decypher error messages and fix things. You should be comfortable with:

Ubuntu package installation.
Text file editing.
Having some knowledge of Postgres commandline usage.
Being minimally familiar with Ruby, Rails and rubygems.
Some git doesn't hurt, but it's only used for the initial cloning phase

OK, here goes

Install needed packages:

sudo apt-get install git ruby ruby-bundler build-essential libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev redis-server postgresql libpq-dev postgresql-contrib-9.1

Create a postgresql database and grant permissions to the user who is going to run discourse (I'll assume it's named "john", it could/should be your username):

sudo -u postgres createdb discourse_development
sudo -u postgres psql -c "create user john with password 'whatever' "
sudo -u postgres psql -c "grant all privileges on database discourse_development to john"
#This is a bit of postgresql magic to add the required hstore and pg_trgm extensions
sudo -u postgres psql discourse_development -c "create extension hstore; create extension pg_trgm"

Clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/discourse/discourse
cd discourse

Use Bundler to install ruby gems and dependencies including rails:

bundle install

You may run into dependency problems here, as other packages may be needed to build native extensions. If you get yellow text with errors in this step, look at the error messages to figure out which packages to install (with apt-get).

Configure the database data (postgres and redis):

cp config/redis.yml.sample config/redis.yml
cp config/database.yml.sample config/database.yml
# Now edit config/database.yml and in the discourse_development section add
# username: john
# password: whatever
# Follow the format for the other entries (adapter:, database:)

Run the migrations to initialize the database, then seed it:

bundle exec rake db:migrate
bundle exec rake db:seed_fu
sudo -u postgres psql discourse_development < pg_dumps/production-image.sql

then launch the development web server:

bundle exec rails s

Finally, open your browser and connect to the local dev server at

http://localhost:3000


File names do not show in shared files using Ubuntu 20.04 Media Sharing

I found the cause of the issue but not unfortunately no solution - https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/gst-plugins-base/-/issues/598. I guess we will  need to wait till they fix this bug. From the bug descritption:
"Between versions 1.14 and 1.16, there has been a change either in gst-discoverer itself or in some underlying part of gstreamer, which causes gst-discoverer to now leak title tags from subtitle tracks into "main" title track, which in turn causes problems in applications that rely on gst-discoverer."


you can use latex-beamer. you can install it if it's not usig:

sudo apt-get install latex-beamer

you can get the official documentation of beamer from here.

This tex question would help you to achieve that

To view the ouput pdf you can use Okular, you can install it:

sudo apt-get install okular

Read this also, this would help


Pictures and documents on Iphone no longer showing up

To anyone out there and to my future self in a couple of months, this is how I solved it:
more searching brought me to try this: https://askubuntu.com/a/1159559/1063723
And then I did a mass convert of the .HEIC images through this:
https://askubuntu.com/a/1108325/1063723
Would be nice if it were a bit easier...


Ubuntu 14.04 printer driver for Canon E460

There's a driver from Canon, downloadable on their website ( http://support-my.canon-asia.com/contents/MY/EN/0100626502.html )


How to remove old Linux kernel modules »tp_smapi«?

This has been tried on 10.04, 11.10, and 12.10. However ... I do not guarantee you if it will preserve your modules!

List your kernels with

dpkg --list | grep linux-image

Then just

sudo apt-get purge [image name(s) from the list]*

On older versions of Ubuntu (not 12.04 onwards), you need to say "hi" to GRUB:

sudo update-grub2


How to split a video file along with the corresponding subtitle file?

A task as complex like this (to my knowledge) can't be done with ffmpeg alone and in one single call, but I'll add a oneline version below. Here's the script version:

#!/bin/bash
in=$1
dur=$2
totaldur=$(ffprobe -v -8 -show_entries format=duration -of flat large.mp4 | sed -r 's/.*"([0-9]+).*/\1/')
i=0

while (( i * dur < totaldur) )
do
  ffmpeg -i $in -i ${in%%.*}.srt \
    -ss $((i*dur)) -t $dur -c copy -sn ${in%%.*}-$((i+1)).${in#*.} \
    -ss $((i*dur)) -t $dur -an -vn ${in%%.*}-$((i+1)).srt
  ((i++))
done

This script takes two arguments, the first one being the video's filename and the second being the duration in seconds, see the example run below. It first pipes the output of ffprobe to sed to get the video's total duration in seconds, this value is used to build a while loop for the parts. Inside the loop ffmpeg is called to create the parts, both the .mp4 and .srt in one call.

Example run

$ tree # the directory contains large.mp4 and large.srt
.
├── large.mp4
└── large.srt
$ ffmpeg -i large.mp4 |& awk '/Duration/' # large.mp4 has a duration of 00:02:30.07
  Duration: 00:02:30.07, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1283 kb/s
$ /path/to/above/script large.mp4 60 # let's split it after every 60 seconds
$ tree
.
├── large-1.mp4
├── large-1.srt
├── large-2.mp4
├── large-2.srt
├── large-3.mp4
├── large-3.srt
├── large.mp4
└── large.srt

Oneline version

The first two variables hold the filename and the duration in seconds, adjust those two to your needs.

in=large.mp4;dur=60;i=0;while ((i*dur<$(ffprobe -v -8 -show_entries format=duration -of flat large.mp4|sed -r 's/.*"([0-9]+).*/\1/')));do ffmpeg -y -i $in -i ${in%%.*}.srt -ss $((i*dur)) -t $dur -c copy -sn ${in%%.*}-$((i+1)).${in#*.} -ss $((i*dur)) -t $dur -an -vn ${in%%.*}-$((i+1)).srt;((i++));done

Links

Here are some links I found on the way:

FFmpeg: How to split video efficiently?
Use ffmpeg to add text subtitles
How to disable subtitles decoding in ffmpeg
How to extract subtitle from video using ffmpeg?


confirm a default answer using read after a few seconds

read -t 3 -p "prompt: " varname    # -t to timeout in 3 seconds
: ${varname:=default value}        # set the default value if varname is null
echo "$varname"

https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html#index-read


From here I see that three files have to be changed:

/etc/systemd/user.conf
/etc/systemd/system.conf, and
/etc/security/limits.conf

In the first two add the following line in addition to the changes you made in the third file:

DefaultLimitNOFILE=65536


Start Ubuntu with "nomodeset" than go to Software Update > Settings > Additional Drivers and look for entries here. Ubuntu should auto-detect drivers that will suit your graphic card.


If I don't log in right away on my 14.04 LTS system, the login hangs

I was also on the Same Boat when I had 14.04 Now I am on Velvet !

Here is the solution script that I has worked for me:

#!/bin/bash
echo
echo Install BleachBit
echo
apt-get install bleachbit -y
echo
echo Clean
echo
apt-get autoclean
apt-get clean
echo
echo Update & Upgrade
echo
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get dist-upgrade
echo
echo
echo BleachBit Cleaning
echo
bleachbit -c adobe_reader.*
bleachbit -c apt.*
bleachbit -c chromium.*
bleachbit -c deepscan.*
bleachbit -c epiphany.*
bleachbit -c evolution.*
bleachbit -c filezilla.*
bleachbit -c firefox.*
bleachbit -c google_chrome.*
bleachbit -c kde.*
bleachbit -c java.*
bleachbit -c system.cache
bleachbit -c system.clipboard
bleachbit -c system.custom
bleachbit -c system.desktop_entry
bleachbit -c system.localizations
bleachbit -c system.memory
bleachbit -c system.recent_documents
bleachbit -c system.rotated_logs
bleachbit -c system.tmp
bleachbit -c system.trash
bleachbit -c opera.*
bleachbit -c thumbnails.*
bleachbit -c transmission.*
bleachbit -c x11.*
bleachbit -c vlc.*
bleachbit -c wine.*
echo
echo Clean Up
echo
apt-get clean
apt-get autoclean
echo
echo BleachBit ReBleach System
echo
bleachbit -c system.cache
bleachbit -c system.clipboard
bleachbit -c system.custom
bleachbit -c system.desktop_entry
bleachbit -c system.localizations
bleachbit -c system.memory
bleachbit -c system.recent_documents
bleachbit -c system.rotated_logs
bleachbit -c system.tmp
bleachbit -c system.trash
echo
echo Processes Complete
echo


Assign users to /home folders after fresh install

I think all you need to do is edit the file /etc/passwd.

calligula:x:31415:20:Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus:/home/callig:/bin/bash

The first collumn is the username. The next to last is the home directory which you can change at will. But one important thing is the number in the 3rd column which muust match the userid permissions of all the files in that directory. You can either change it there or reassign an entire home dir:

sudo chown -R 31415 /home/callig


Yes, it's possible to modify XKB files. I'd guess that the bottom of the /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/altwin file may give you a hint for your case - unless the XKB option altwin:prtsc_rwin does what you want.

Additional Info

In terminal, enter:

sudo su
nano /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/altwin

At the bottom of the file you will find:

// Win is mapped to the PrtSc key (and the usual Win key).
partial modifier_keys
xkb_symbols "prtsc_rwin" {
    replace key <PRSC> { [ Super_R, Super_R ] };
    modifier_map Mod4 { <PRSC>, <RWIN> };
};

Delete this section and replace it with this:

// Menu is mapped to the PrtSc key (and the usual Win key).
partial modifier_keys
xkb_symbols "prtsc_rwin" {
     replace key <PRSC> { [ Menu, Menu ] };
     modifier_map Mod4 { <PRSC>, <MENU> };
};

To delete in nano, use backspace key (highlighting and deleting doesn't work). To paste, use shift-ctrl-v. To exit and save, press ctrl-x, select yes to overwrite and press enter.

Reboot.
In Gnome/Ubuntu
Go to gnome-tweak-tools
In tweak tools go to Keyboard & Mouse section, press the Additional Layout Options button and expand Alt/Win key behavior. Selecting the option on the very bottom: Win is mapped to printscr (remember that we've modified just this behavior to swap print and Menu instead of print and Win).
(I'm sure there is a way of turning on the modded xkb option in KDE but I don't use it, so I can't give you the exact procedure).


You have to downgrade some packages and to force the installation of some other packages:

apt-get download dmsetup
sudo dpkg -i --force-all dmsetup
sudo apt-get install libdevmapper1.02.1=2:1.02.48-4ubuntu7.4 libdevmapper-event1.02.1=2:1.02.48-4ubuntu7.4

Probably some other packages as well, but you will know this only when you run the commands.


Gnome-terminal prompt does not clear up fully

Non-printable characters, e.g. color changing and boldness changing escape sequences need to be enclosed between \[ and \] in PS1. See man bash, section "PROMPTING".


How to move Ubuntu 12.04 launcher to the right?

Some of the operations in Ubuntu are by default. Hence, no one can change those. The placement of the launcher on the left side is by default. You cannot change it


How to get back my proper display driver settings after (wrongly) installing AMD Catalyst Control Center?

Just uninstall the Catalyst Control Centre. You don't need it in your situation, as it relies on running the fglrx driver. If it pulled in some dependencies and you want them to be gone as well:

What is the correct way to completely remove an application? (see the apt-get autoremove part)

Your GPU is supported by the open source driver radeon, which has proper XRandR support so the Ubuntu integrated tool can do all configuration and you have proper KMS support. This is the recommended driver for your hardware, if I'm correct.

The radeonfb kernel module is just part of the regular Linux kernel image and provides very basic framebuffer rendering and communication to the card. I bet if you just remove the CCC and reboot it'll be gone. I suspect the CCC modprobe'd it, but then errored out and didn't bother rmmod'ing it. If it doesn't fix it, try to find what causes it to load (e.g. /etc/modules) or blacklisting it.

For your original issue, you could try to actually completely switch to fglrx (if supported) and see if it helps out like reported in this question:

Google Chrome not rendering webpages correctly

However, it seems that was not working out for you, so I'm just posting this for other ones bumping into this question later.


How to upgrade directly to 12.10 from 10.04?

In Ubuntu, you can only upgrade to the version that directly succeeds the one you have installed (e.g. you can upgrade from 10.10 to 11.04, but not from 10.10 to 11.10).

If the version you have is LTS (10.04 is, so you can do this), you can choose to either upgrade to the next "normal" release (10.10) or to the next LTS release.

The best way to upgrade from 10.04 to 12.10 is upgrading to 12.04 (the LTS release that succeeds 10.04) and then to 12.10.


Trouble logging into newly installed Ubuntu 12.04

Since you see bryan@ubuntu:~$, you are already logged in. bryan is logged on at (@) the machine which you named ubuntu. The ~ shows where you are in the file system (~ means home folder) and the $ means it is waiting for your commands.

Ubuntu Server is meant to be used from the command line (mainly for server administration). If you want to have a graphical environment (windows, icons, buttons, mouse pointer and such), you should install Ubuntu Desktop instead of Ubuntu Server.


I had a similar problem I just resolved where firefox was creating these "evil twin" entries.  The process involved in matching running applications to icons is called bamfdaemon. Firstly find your session's version of this daemon:

$ ps x | grep bamf
1147 pts/11   S+     0:00 grep --color=auto bamf
2597 ?        Sl     0:22 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/bamf/bamfdaemon

Now we're going to trace the startup of your application - so close it down.

$ strace -o ~/bamf.txt -p 2597

Now I got a warning about being unable to connect to that pid, so I re-ran it with sudo.

Start your app and wait until the icon appears.  Then return to your strace instance and kill it with Ctrl-C.

Now look through the ~/bamf.txt file - what I found was bamf notices my new process (firefox)

poll([{fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=6, events=POLLIN}, {fd=3, events=POLLIN}], 3, -1) = 1 ([{fd=6, revents=POLLIN}])
recvmsg(6, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"\241\10\353\220,\0\300\2\243\1\0\0new: ID=\"compiz-2674"..., 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 224
recvmsg(6, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"\241\10\353\220,\0\300\2\244\1\0\0ting\\ Firefox\\ Web\\ "..., 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 96
recvmsg(6, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"\241\10\353\220,\0\300\2\244\1\0\0ications/firefox.des"..., 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 64

Then looks up the executable (for firefox its in lib), then opens the .desktop file it found as best match:

mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb5854000
_llseek(12, 0, [0], SEEK_CUR)           = 0
read(12, "/usr/lib/firefox/firefox\0", 4096) = 25
read(12, "", 3072)                      = 0
close(12)                               = 0
munmap(0xb5854000, 4096)                = 0
open("/usr/share/applications/firefox-4.0.desktop", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 12
fstat64(12, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=3740, ...}) = 0
read(12, "[Desktop Entry]\nVersion=1.0\nName"..., 4096) = 3740
read(12, "", 4096)                      = 0
close(12)                               = 0

Hmmm,... thats funny - firefox-4.0 was a beta version I installed yonks ago, so it looks for the exec file in the .desktop:

access("/opt/firefox-4.0/firefox", X_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, {13405, 712196198}) = 0
write(8, "\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0", 8)         = 8
futex(0x9319698, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1) = 1
futex(0x9308780, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1) = 1

And in my case I got a bad icon because that executable has been gone since 2011!  Move that .destkop out of the way and suddenly firefox matches its icon again.

In your case you can probably stop at the point where you see which .desktop file it opens - thats the one you'll want to delete.


Download Android Studio from this page: http://tools.android.com/download/studio/builds/android-studio-2-2-stable

Unpack the archive and run studio.sh in bin folder.

There's always a path to create desktop shortcut: How to add Android Studio to the launcher?

If you need to move this folder to /opt folder just use bash commands or  run nautilus with sudo su privillages


Where is the output from startup scripts stored in Ubuntu 19.10?

After doing some tests, I finally got the following:

See this.
Bootlogd is no longer supported. Plymouth service takes over. The file /etc/default/bootlogd is irrelevant.
For plymouth.service to log messages to /var/log/boot.log file, the file /etc/default/grub should contain the following line: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash". Otherwise plymouth service will not log anything to boot.log!

So, the answer of @WinEunuuchs2Unix  is more or less the correct one.


You need to do some extra steps, please check this.

You only need to do the Pre-Required Procedure 2, that means opening a terminal and running:

$ sudo aa-complain cupsd
$ sudo mkdir /usr/share/cups/model

Afterwards my test system installed the cupswrapper package and the printer appears on the selection list. I can't test if it works as I don't have that printer.


How to correctly reinstall network-manager

Try something like:

sudo apt-get install aptitude
sudo aptitude reinstall network-manager*


how to modify kernel to activate SPI-devices on 12.04 Pandaboard?

You need to put a patch on the kernel to use it.
You may use this link to modify the files,
http://www.omappedia.com/wiki/PandaBoard_SPI
There are multiple ways to interface the SPI devices with Pandaboard, Mostly you will be using the SPI available on J3 connector.
Some parts from the link mentioned above:

You do not need to write any kernel code and study the kernel API for
SPI. The kernel already contains several sort of device drivers.
Pandaboard's SPI masters are fully supported by the Linux kernel's
mcspi driver. That being said, one will need to make only some minor
modifications to the PandaBoard's board file
(arch/arm/mach-omap2/board-omap4panda.c) in order to use them.

Long back I had a chance to work with RPi SPI, and as you said, there is no pain in using the SPI on RPi. On Panda, we need to perform some hacks.


In the Skype options->Notifications, did you make sure the checkbox was checked for "Play sound file:"?

If so, did you try highlighting the notification that doesn't work, and checking "Enable Event", and then using the "Test Event" button?  If the sound does not play, try going to the directory specified for the file (/usr/share/skype/sounds by default) and making sure you can play the sound.

If not, then you may be missing a codec or something, and you can concentrate on getting that filetype to work (try other similar files).

Edit
added one more step...  I played around with my setup, using the Skype "Test Event" button with the sound settings open.  I found that I could quickly check the mute checkbox in the applications section when it appeared - I used the "Call Connecting" event; strangely enough, many of the events never appeared in this window.  The seem to be controlled by the "Alert Volume" in the "Sound Effects" tab of this same settings dialog.  I remember having problems at first when this volume control slider was too low, and many Skype sounds didn't work.  Are all the sounds muted in the "Test Event" page?


Install Ubuntu 14.04 on external HDD with Windows 8.1 UEFI

Unfortunately, the instructions were for a self-installed copy of Windows 8, so their setup was NOT a UEFI machine.  Things are a little different for preinstalled Windows 8 on UEFI machines.

External (removable) boot devices should have their own 300M, FAT, EFI partition to hold the bootloaders.  When you select the location for the bootloader (on sdb for the external), use this partition (which may work) instead of the device (which never works).  When it doesn't work, the internal hard disk is used, so just copy the files from the internal disk's EFI to the external disk's EFI.  Now, the installer still may not set up the bootloaders into the right directory for a removable device --  they should go into /EFI/Boot, and be named /EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi.  Instead, grubx64.efi and shimx64.efi (the bootloaders) typically get put into /EFI/ubuntu (just like on the internal hard disk).  I like to use shimx64.efi as the bootx64.efi file so the boot works whether secure boot is enabled or disabled.  So, copy /EFI/ubuntu/shimx64.efi to /EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi (note the name change), and also copy /EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi to /EFI/Boot/grubx64.efi.  The grub.cfg file may be left in /EFI/ubuntu.

The nvram boot entry for USB (disks...) should now boot the external disk -- no new entry in nvram should be needed.  If  you are getting grub without the external hard disk, looks like it got installed to the internal hard disk's EFI (no problem), and was put before the Windows bootloaders in boot order (problem). efibootmgr from Ubuntu will allow you to change the boot order, or delete the unwanted Ubuntu entry (remember, you will be booting with the USB entry).


Problem in installing Ubuntu 11.10 and 10.04 in mac using CD

did you download the +mac cd image?

That is not the one you download from the frontpage FYI, you have to go into a mirror to choose it.

Fx:
http://ftp.acc.umu.se/mirror/cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/oneiric/release/ubuntu-11.10-desktop-amd64+mac.iso

Notice the +mac at the end. This basically makes sure the mac boots with legacy bios instead of EFI.

Bootable USB stick does normally never work, I have been unsuccessful with all the guides that claim it works.


run these commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ia32-libs

if you get an error, run this command instead:

sudo apt-get install lib32z1 lib32ncurses5 lib32bz2-1.0

then, run the following commands and reboot:

sudo sh -c 'echo "/usr/lib32\n/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa\n" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/steam.conf' && sudo ldconfig

source


Installing JAVA JDK

Here, you will need sudo privileges:

  sudo su

The /opt directory is reserved for all the software and add-on packages that are not part of the default installation. Create a directory for your JDK installation:

  mkdir /opt/jdk

and extract java into the /opt/jdk directory:

  tar -zxf jdk-8u5-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/jdk

Verify that the file has been extracted into the /opt/jdk directory.

  ls /opt/jdk

Setting Oracle JDK as the default JVM

In our case, the java executable is located under /opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_05/bin/java . To set it as the default JVM in your machine run:

  update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_05/bin/java 100

and

  update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_05/bin/javac 100

Verifying YourInstallation

  javac


You could install memtest, and run it from the bootloader. This will detect hardware issues with the main memory. If matlab hits a defective memory section, which would normally not be used, this can easily cause the problems described.

Also keep a watch on memory usage and CPU temperature while runnung matlab. If the memory rund full the OS kernel normally starts killing off processes, normally this doesn't cause a cold reboot though. If the CPU overheats this can be the cause of system freeze or reboot.


Folders Colors does not works after upgrade to 17.10

You can not use scripts for 17.04 (unity) on 17.10 (gnome) without altering all the code to function with gnome.

/usr/share/nautilus-python/extensions/folder-color.py lines 140, 96, and 316 probably contain an instruction that is Unity related.

What version are you using? The one from here https://launchpad.net/folder-color does not have a restore_color nor a line 96. Can you add the lines from your version? (and maybe a few above and below it). Maybe it is an easy edit.


Keyboard only works while pressing holding/pressing down keys

Somehow I managed to fix it.

Some of the solutions on-line said to do this:

sudo apt-get install scrim-bridge-client-qt

I did that and didn't notice any change. I then removed Guest Additions from VirtualBox because some said that might the problem. Then I added it again.

I Rebooted after every step multiple times.

Finally I noticed that the keyboard worked if I held down any key for a long time. I went and increased the reaction time to pressing the key in the keyboard setting... and voila! It works.

Now, I don't know if this was the problem from the beginning or if it sorted out after any particular step. I'm just glad it's working.


Install a proprietary Nvidia driver by running in terminal

sudo apt-get install nvidia-352


full install from live USB with persistent storage

Copy Home Directory Data from Persistent USB to Hard Drive
In order to preserve permissions etc, it is preferable to use rsync to copy the data from the Persistent drives home folder to the new internal drive,
I prefer the GUI version called Grsync, it is available from Ubuntu Software.
Everything saved on a persistent USB is located in the persistent casper-rw file or partition, including the home folder.
Grsync casper-rw File

To access a casper-rw file, make a directory:
sudo mkdir /media/casper

and then mount casper-rw on it:
sudo mount -o loop /path/casper-rw /media/casper/

Where /path/ is the path to casper-rw file.
Path to file ~ /media/cscameron/xxx-xxx-xxx/casper-rw
Grsync casper-rw Partition

The casper-rw partition can be accessed like any other partition.
Path to partition ~  /media/cscameron/casper-rw
Any programs that have been installed will need to be reinstalled but program data might exist in /casper-rw/upper/.
To list programs that have been installed using Apt run apt list --installed.


Where do I find the system specifications on Xubuntu GUI, equivalent to the System Monitor?

One you can try is hardinfo.
sudo apt install hardinfo

Then it can be found in Xue Menu -> System -> System Profiler and Benchmark


cd/home/antony/Downloads is not a file or directory. Insert a space.

cd /home/antony/Downloads


It seems to be a proprietary application, and perhaps a problem with it. Have you tried contacting the developers or community forum on that site for support?


362722 Solves the question. After showing the Ubuntu logo with 5 points underneath, the system shows only the points with another background. This changes to a black screen. About 15 sec later I see the mouse. About 20 sec later the desktop screen appears. I am using a quite old laptop with a Intel duo 2.80 Ghz which explains partially the wait time
Thanks again


XUbuntu - change default Terminal windows size/layout

You can configure your terminal behavior

13.10 and below: ~/.config/Terminal/terminalrc
14.04 and onwards: ~/.config/xfce4/terminal/terminalrc

Use the MiscDefaultGeometry option

[Configuration]
MiscDefaultGeometry=132x24

To perform a "visual" adaptation, resize the terminal window to the desired size then use stty size to determine the current window size.

For additional information see

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/oneiric/man1/xfce4-terminal.1.html
http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/oneiric/man7/X.7.html

On that last page, on X, scroll down to the geometry section.


Can I make USB stick with exfat-fuse case sensitive?

No. Exfat is a case insensitive file system. It's a property of the file system.

Do not make backups to non-unix filesystems. You loose all properties, such as permissions and symlinks. If you need to store your backups on a non-unix-FS, you should make an tar archive:

tar cvf /home/username /path/to/destination/backup.tar

You should also reference this comparison of backup tools, which gives a great overview of the available backup tools, and their merits. This is probably a better solution than a simple copy.


Which GNOME shell extensions directory takes precedence/priority?

Like many other things (for example .desktop launchers for applications), the local directory has the higher priority.

(Now defunct) 'Ubuntu GNOME' flavour of Ubuntu used to come with a few extensions (e.g. AlternateTab, Applications Menu, Window List etc.) installed system-wide (hence in the /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/ directory) by default. If there was an update for such an extension and if the user updated it using the GNOME Shell Extensions website, it used to create a local copy (in the ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/ directory) of the extension with the updated version overriding the older system-wide one.


somafm radio rhythmbox 13.04 not working problem

Are your firewall rules blocking high ports? Try http://somafm.com/fw/spacestation.pls which forces a port 80 server.


Errors installing rgdal in RStudio 1.1 on Ubuntu 16.04

For the record I have the same problem and was because conda.
I did: conda deactivate and then install.packages("rgdal") and that works fine. I previously installed the packages mentioned by user50025.
A discussion with a similar problem with units could be find here:
https://github.com/r-quantities/units/issues/223
Everything look like the problem is due to conda who 'is shadowing the system libraries'.


To open Sublime Text 2 with root privileges, use terminal.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo sublime-text


Stuck in login loop after installing AMD graphics driver

Your GPU is not supported by the amdgpu driver. You should uninstall the driver you installed from AMD.

You need to either use the open source radeon driver included with Ubuntu, or downgrade to Ubuntu 14.04 (no newer than the 14.04.4 point release) and use the fglrx proprietary driver if you need to use it rather than the open source radeon driver.


What does the minus sign at the beginning of a log file directory mean?

From man rsyslog.conf

To selectively disable syncing for certain files,  you  may
prefix the file path with a minus sign ("-").

The entire paragraph reads:

By default, files are not synced after each write. To enable syncing of log files globally, use either the "$ActionFileEnableSync" directive or the "sync" parameter to omfile. Enabling this option  degrades  performance  and it is advised not to enable syncing unless you know what you are doing.  To selectively disable syncing for certain files,  you  may prefix the file path with a minus sign ("-").

In other words, the '-' retains do-not-sync in case you change the default behavior (Advice: Don't).
This particular question is specific to rsyslog config files. '-' before a normal path anywhere else is usually a syntax error.


On the page of VMware Downloads find "VMware Workstation Player", click on download product and you will see a link to .bundle-file
In terminal type

sudo sh /location/to/the/file.bundle

Follow the installer's prompts

There is an old answer with pictures available here though it's a bit out of date as it's for 12.04 and Vmware Player 6.0.1 but that doesn't matter. It should be noted that it takes a different approach than listed here to execute the bundle.


You might be experiencing bug #520546.

Possible fix:

  Seems that I found the root of that problem. It is in console-cyrillic package. When I removed it, the bug has disappeared.

Alternately, you can run:

sudo kbd_mode -s

To fix the problem in 18.04. Unfortunately this is not a permanent fix.


Template units aren't meaningful on their own, as they should contain variables like %i where specific identifiers are filled in.
You would then use a command like:
systemctl enable my-template@some-instance

Exactly what this will be depends on what you have in your '[Instal]' section. See man systemd.unit for more about template units.


optionally prompt user with menu based on argument

You could extract the handling of options to a function:

handleOption() {
    local opt=$1
    case "$opt" in
        "Option 1")
            echo "you chose choice 1"
            ;;
        "Option 2")
            echo "you chose choice 2"
            ;;
        "Option 3")
            echo "you chose choice 3"
            ;;
        "Quit")
            return 1
            ;;
        *) echo invalid option;;
    esac
}

And the menu to another function:

menu() {
    local PS3='Please enter your choice: '
    select opt in "${options[@]}"
    do
        handleOption "$opt" || break
    done
}

And then implement validation of the first command line argument:

Is it an integer?
If it's an integer, is it within the range 1..${#options[@]} ?
If both the above are true, then call the handleOption directly with the appropriate value from the options array

Something like this:

arg=$1
if [[ $arg =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] && (( 1 <= arg )) && (( arg <= ${#options[@]} )); then
    opt=${options[arg - 1]}
    handleOption "$opt"
elif [ "$arg" ]; then
    echo "warning: invalid option: $arg"
    menu
else
    menu
fi


How to make Dropbox indicator working in Ubuntu 15.10?

This one

Worked in Ubuntu 16.04 lts Flashback Compiz

Kill dropbox, and restart it so it shows

dropbox stop && env XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=Unity dropbox start

If it works
Go to the settings in dropbox after it starts up and select to not start at startup.
Go to Applications > Preferences > Startup Applications and click on add and

Enter

Name:       Dropbox

Command:    env XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=Unity dropbox start

Comment:    Sync your files across computers and to the web

and save


There's a great little firefox addon called ScrapBook that'll do what you want. Just install it by clicking the Add to Firefox button on the addon's website over at Mozilla.

Here's the link


need help w? Samsung ML-2545 printer on 12.04 LTS

1 - Download the Unified Linux Driver

2 - Open Terminal, Copy & Paste.

sudo sh install.sh

Press Enter & enter your password.

Now the installation starts. Answer the questions (choose to disable printing from the LTP port: that's outdated).


Why do I get directed to grub screen instead of booting completely?

I believe that "reboot=efi" is for when something fails. As for your grub menu if you change that line where it says

GRUB_TIMEOUT=10

to

GRUB_TIMEOUT=0

You won't get a grub menu anymore. As for your resolution issues I am very good at dealing with and would love to assist with that also if you need.

Very Respectfully,

Matthew Kaulfers


Is the development version of Ubuntu cloned from the immediate previous stable release?

The development versions are daily built and they're different from stable releases.
Currently, Ubuntu 14.04 hasn't come to UI freezing stage, so the 'Ubuntu 10.10' thing lurks around.

see Ubuntu 14.04 Release Schedule for more details about Ubuntu's release management procedures.


The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance

Without seeing the output of a unit s print command after the creation of the partition, I can't be sure of what's going on here. I just tried this on a USB flash drive and got no such warning; but that drive also reports a physical sector size of 512 bytes, not the 4096 bytes of your disk. Also, you don't say what version of Ubuntu or parted you're using (I'm using Ubuntu 16.04 and parted 3.2-15).

In any event, my unit s print output is:

Number  Start   End      Size     File system  Name   Flags
 1      20480s  194559s  174080s               part1

This is properly aligned on most disks.

To back up, there are several reasons why partitions should be "aligned" -- that is, created on multiples of certain sector numbers. Reasons include:

Many modern hard disks use 4096-byte physical sectors; but to improve compatibility, they divide each of these into eight 512-byte logical sectors. The trouble is that, if you were to write to fewer than all eight of those logical sectors, the disk would have to read the full physical sector, modify it, and write the result back to the disk. This would take more time than writing the full physical sector (that is, all eight of its logical sectors). Because many filesystems use data structures that are 4096 bytes or larger, starting a filesystem (partition) on something other than an eight-sector boundary can cause severe performance degradation. See this article I wrote for IBM developerWorks for more on this subject, including benchmark tests showing the amount of degradation that can result. (A caveat: I did those tests several years ago. The results might be different now because of changes in hardware or software.)
In some types of RAID configuration, data is "striped" across multiple disks. This can result in performance improvements, but those improvements are best if partitions are laid out with starting points in multiples of the stripe size, which is typically in the 16 KiB to 256 KiB size range.
SSDs can see performance and longevity effects based on their erase block size, which is typically 512 KiB to 1 MiB, although I've heard of SSDs with peculiar erase block sizes, such as 3 MiB.

In most cases, alignment on 2048-sector (1 MiB) boundaries works well for all these technologies. (An SSD with a 3 MiB erase block size would be an exception to this rule.) This value has become the default for most partitioning tools. Depending on how parted interpreted your input (units, etc.) and how it's determining whether your partitions are optimally aligned, you might or might have a real problem. That's why I said you need to look at the unit s print output. (The unit s part is critical; without that part, parted will show you partition start and end points rounded to MiB, GiB, or some other value, which is not precise enough for determining proper alignment.)

There are cases in which parted is known to complain without cause. For instance, it's impossible to properly align extended partitions on MBR disks, since these partitions' only real data structures are 512 bytes in size; but parted (or some versions of it, anyhow) will complain if an extended partition doesn't start on an alignment boundary. IIRC, some versions also look at the end point of the partition, but that's not relevant, except insofar as it can affect the next partition's start point.

One final point: In my test, parted treated a start point of 10 as 10 MiB -- or more likely, as 10 MB, and then rounded for proper alignment. It then seems to have treated the 100 end point as 100 MB, and again rounded it for alignment. In any event, a 10 MiB (the result after rounding) start point leaves close to 10 MiB of unused space at the start of the disk. Even with 1 MiB alignment, that's 9 MiB of unused space. This isn't a large amount of space on a modern disk, but you might want to reconsider and start the first partition at 1 MiB.


I cannot boot Windows 7 after I installed Ubuntu on a partition

This can be caused by many totally different problems. But one thing you can try (if you haven't already tried, "boot repair" and "windows repair" is not very precise) is repairing your Windows bootloader with a Windows 7 repair disk or live CD or USB. Do the following:

Boot from your live CD or whatever you got.
Go to repair, but do not use "Startup Repair". Instead open the Windows command prompt
Type the following:bootrec.exe /fixmbr and then press Enter
Type the following:bootrec.exe /fixboot and then press Enter

When you reboot now you should see your Windows bootloader again. Look if you can boot now.

Then, regardless of whether it works or not, repair your GRUB bootloader

Boot from an Ubuntu Live CD or USB and use "Load Ubuntu without install"
Install boot-repair
Repair GRUB with it. Guide is here -> https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

This could work.

If not the fastest and simplest solution is to access your most important Windows files via your freshly installed Linux or a Live USB/CD and do a backup to wherever you want. Then wipe everything and try installing it all again. Be more careful this time.


There's a BIOS v2.75 update released on Jun 25 2019 that might help... (you have BIOS 2.62)...

https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/downloads/DS029169

Update #1:

You had kernel panics before the BIOS update... so if you don't see that now, and all you're getting is ACPI errors, there's been a big improvement. Anyway, boot to a Ubuntu Live 19.04 DVD/USB and see if that works better.

Update #2:

It seems that acpi=off has some effect, but it's a lot to turn off the entire acpi system. Here are some acpi parameters that might serve better...

acpi=       [HW,ACPI,X86]
        Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
        Format: { force | off | strict | noirq | rsdt }
        force -- enable ACPI if default was off
        off -- disable ACPI if default was on
        noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
        strict -- Be less tolerant of platforms that are not
            strictly ACPI specification compliant.
        rsdt -- prefer RSDT over (default) XSDT
        copy_dsdt -- copy DSDT to memory

        See also Documentation/power/pm.txt, pci=noacpi

acpi_apic_instance= [ACPI, IOAPIC]
        Format: <int>
        2: use 2nd APIC table, if available
        1,0: use 1st APIC table
        default: 0

acpi_backlight= [HW,ACPI]
        acpi_backlight=vendor
        acpi_backlight=video
        If set to vendor, prefer vendor specific driver
        (e.g. thinkpad_acpi, sony_acpi, etc.) instead
        of the ACPI video.ko driver.

acpi.debug_layer=   [HW,ACPI,ACPI_DEBUG]
acpi.debug_level=   [HW,ACPI,ACPI_DEBUG]
        Format: <int>
        CONFIG_ACPI_DEBUG must be enabled to produce any ACPI
        debug output.  Bits in debug_layer correspond to a
        _COMPONENT in an ACPI source file, e.g.,
            #define _COMPONENT ACPI_PCI_COMPONENT
        Bits in debug_level correspond to a level in
        ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT statements, e.g.,
            ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_INFO, ...
        The debug_level mask defaults to "info".  See
        Documentation/acpi/debug.txt for more information about
        debug layers and levels.

        Enable processor driver info messages:
            acpi.debug_layer=0x20000000
        Enable PCI/PCI interrupt routing info messages:
            acpi.debug_layer=0x400000
        Enable AML "Debug" output, i.e., stores to the Debug
        object while interpreting AML:
            acpi.debug_layer=0xffffffff acpi.debug_level=0x2
        Enable all messages related to ACPI hardware:
            acpi.debug_layer=0x2 acpi.debug_level=0xffffffff

        Some values produce so much output that the system is
        unusable.  The "log_buf_len" parameter may be useful
        if you need to capture more output.

acpi_irq_balance [HW,ACPI]
        ACPI will balance active IRQs
        default in APIC mode

acpi_irq_nobalance [HW,ACPI]
        ACPI will not move active IRQs (default)
        default in PIC mode

acpi_irq_isa=   [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, mark listed IRQs used by ISA
        Format: <irq>,<irq>...

acpi_irq_pci=   [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, clear listed IRQs for
        use by PCI
        Format: <irq>,<irq>...

acpi_no_auto_ssdt   [HW,ACPI] Disable automatic loading of SSDT

acpi_os_name=   [HW,ACPI] Tell ACPI BIOS the name of the OS
        Format: To spoof as Windows 98: ="Microsoft Windows"

acpi_osi=   [HW,ACPI] Modify list of supported OS interface strings
        acpi_osi="string1"  # add string1 -- only one string
        acpi_osi="!string2" # remove built-in string2
        acpi_osi=       # disable all strings

acpi_pm_good    [X86]
        Override the pmtimer bug detection: force the kernel
        to assume that this machine's pmtimer latches its value
        and always returns good values.

acpi_sci=   [HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode
        Format: { level | edge | high | low }

acpi_serialize  [HW,ACPI] force serialization of AML methods

acpi_skip_timer_override [HW,ACPI]
        Recognize and ignore IRQ0/pin2 Interrupt Override.
        For broken nForce2 BIOS resulting in XT-PIC timer.

acpi_sleep= [HW,ACPI] Sleep options
        Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode, s3_beep, s4_nohwsig,
              old_ordering, nonvs, sci_force_enable }
        See Documentation/power/video.txt for information on
        s3_bios and s3_mode.
        s3_beep is for debugging; it makes the PC's speaker beep
        as soon as the kernel's real-mode entry point is called.
        s4_nohwsig prevents ACPI hardware signature from being
        used during resume from hibernation.
        old_ordering causes the ACPI 1.0 ordering of the _PTS
        control method, with respect to putting devices into
        low power states, to be enforced (the ACPI 2.0 ordering
        of _PTS is used by default).
        nonvs prevents the kernel from saving/restoring the
        ACPI NVS memory during suspend/hibernation and resume.
        sci_force_enable causes the kernel to set SCI_EN directly
        on resume from S1/S3 (which is against the ACPI spec,
        but some broken systems don't work without it).

acpi_use_timer_override [HW,ACPI]
        Use timer override. For some broken Nvidia NF5 boards
        that require a timer override, but don't have HPET

acpi_enforce_resources= [ACPI]
        { strict | lax | no }
        Check for resource conflicts between native drivers
        and ACPI OperationRegions (SystemIO and SystemMemory
        only). IO ports and memory declared in ACPI might be
        used by the ACPI subsystem in arbitrary AML code and
        can interfere with legacy drivers.
        strict (default): access to resources claimed by ACPI
        is denied; legacy drivers trying to access reserved
        resources will fail to bind to device using them.
        lax: access to resources claimed by ACPI is allowed;
        legacy drivers trying to access reserved resources
        will bind successfully but a warning message is logged.
        no: ACPI OperationRegions are not marked as reserved,
        no further checks are performed.

Update #3:

Normally when you add a kernel parameter (like acpi=off) you edit /etc/default/grub, and then sudo update-grub. However, if you happen to choose a bad kernel parameter, and your machine won't boot properly, it's harder to recover.

So I'll suggest a way to temporarily test various kernel parameters that only last for the current boot. If ultimately you find an acpi kernel parameter that solves all of the problems, you can make it permanent.

At the GRUB menu, select the normal desired boot choice, and then hit the e to enter edit mode. Find the string "quiet splash" and add the desired kernel parameter, like "quiet splash acpi=off", then hit control+x or F10 to continue booting.

I'd recommend trying these acpi parameters first... only one at a time...

acpi_enforce_resources=lax

acpi_enforce_resources=no


Your problem sounds like a Broken Packages issue. Maybe you can install Synaptic (sudo apt-get install synaptic in a terminal) and give a chance to the workaround provided right here in order to fix your broken packages.

From the site:

  How to fix broken packages

  'Broken packages' are packages that have unsatisfied dependencies. If broken packages are detected, Synaptic will not allow any further
  changes to the system until all broken packages have been fixed.

  To fix broken packages

  (Inside of Synaptic, usually opened with administrative privileges with gksudo synaptic)
  Choose Edit > Fix Broken Packages from the menu.

  Choose Apply Marked Changes from the Edit menu or press Ctrl + P.

  Confirm the summary of changes and click Apply.

  If that does not help, then please follow this procedure:

  https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PackageManagerTroubleshootingProcedure

It worked for me a couple of times, you give this a try and let us know if this solves your issue.

Good luck!


where is vsftpd root directory on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

It depends on your configuration - see man vsftpd.conf. There are two major cases:

By default the anonymous log-in is not enabled. So you must log-in with a system user. For example if you are logging-in with user1 you will be redirected to its $HOME directory, that should be /home/user1/.
If you have enabled the anonymous log-in by the option directive anonymous_enable, you must specify also anon_root. For example, to enamle the minimal anonymous configuration:

Add these two lines to /etc/vsftpd.conf:

anonymous_enable=Yes
anon_root=/home/ftp/

Create the directory and restart the service:

sudo mkdir /home/ftp/
sudo systemctl restart vsftpd.service

Note with this configuration the users are not permitted to upload files. This is more complicated task...


The way to go back to your X environment is to go to the tty it's running on, usually 5 or 7.

Try Alt+F5

Or Alt+F7

Alternatively, you can cycle through your tty with Alt+→.


How to make Network Manager ignore VMware virtual network adapters

OK, so I found a temporary workaround, but still can't find a way to get Network Manager to ignore my VMware virtual networking adapters.  I fixed it by removing the virtual networking adapters within VMware.  The only one remaining is the bridged one, which coincidentally, Network Manager doesn't see or show in the list from the indicator drop-down in the OP.


Started to delete /usr/share by mistake: what to do now?

Well boot Linux from USB drive and try extundelete
Tool is for recovering deleted files from unmounted partition to mounted one.

$ extundelete /dev/sdaX --restore-all

OR

$ extundelete /dev/sdaX --restore-directory /path/to/dir

  For more info about extundelete check: http://extundelete.sourceforge.net/


What's the difference between ubuntu 13.10 amd 12.04 LTS??? and

Either one will almost certainly recognise your drivers.

If you want to have stability and long-term support choose 12.04. You can upgrade it to 14.04 next year if you want to - that will be an LTS as well.

13.10 is not a long-term support release. It is like a stepping stone on the way to 14.04.

LTS releases come every two years and they are always even numbered and released in April, hence the '04' bit. So 10.04, 12.04, 14.04, when it is released, are all LTS.

Other releases are more about introducing newer techniques and sub-systems into ubuntu as part of the development process.


Can I recover from corrupted debconf in place?

Well, honestly, it sounds very much as if your hard drive is failing.

As such, IMO,your first task should be to recover and back up any data you do not wish to loose.

You can try to restore the system, but it would essentially amount to a re-installation anyway, so really you are best off with a new hard drive and fresh install.

To somewhat answer your question, as you can see, fdisk did not recover any data, it just marked various sectors on your hard dive as unusable, so you have random chunks of data missing.

Even if you are able to repair it, once it gets to this point, I would consider the hard drive completely unreliable  with complete failure imminent.


How to Upgrade from 11.10 to 12.04 when you've got a problem?

To use full RAM you need to enable PAE.

sudo apt-get install linux-generic-pae linux-headers-generic-pae

For Upgrade


How to upgrade to beta from alpha or to beta 2 from beta 1?

You simply use apt-get

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade


Why changing signals causes NameErrors in a sane code? - PyGtk issue

You're misunderstanding the meaning of the global statement in Python. Here's what the Python documentation says:

  The global statement ... means that the listed identifiers are to be
  interpreted as globals. It would be impossible to assign to a global
  variable without global, although free variables may refer to globals
  without being declared global.

So, basically, you only need to use global blah when you need to assign to a global variable called blah. The variable, however, should already exist in the global scope. If you're just accessing a global variable or its methods (as apposied to assigning to it), you don't need to declare it as global.

So what you need is something like

output = None

def on_servername_insertatcursor(self, widget):
    global output
    output = StringIO.StringIO()
    servername = widget.get_text()
    output.write("USHARE_NAME="+servername+'\n')

def on_netif_changed(self, widget):
    netif = widget.get_active_text()
    output.write("USHARE_IFACE="+netif+'\n')

...

However, the whole approach with using a global variable and making the whole thing dependent on the order of function calls (on_servername_insertatcursor MUST be called first, otherwise the other functions will fail) is not a good coding practice.

UPDATE: Also, it occurred to me that the functions you're showing are in fact methods of a class, is that right? In this case, you can make output a member of the class and access it as self.output:

class MyApp(gtk.Window):

    output = None

    def __init__(...):
        ...
        self.output = StringIO.StringIO()

    def on_servername_insertatcursor(self, widget):
        servername = widget.get_text()
        self.output.write("USHARE_NAME="+servername+'\n')

    def on_netif_changed(self, widget):
        netif = widget.get_active_text()
        self.output.write("USHARE_IFACE="+netif+'\n')

Still, the output of your app is dependent on the order user clicks the buttons, which is not cool. For example if user clicks the "dlna" checkbox twice, there will be 2 lines in the config, which I presume is not what you want.


Totem sidebar gone after upgrade (playlist)

There is no sidebar anymore in Totem. There is only the overview, which you can see, if you start Totem, or use the arrow button in the upper left corner if you have started a video.

You could add the menubar via

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings overrides '{"Gtk/ShellShowsAppMenu":<0>}'

but not the sidebar.

Reset with

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings overrides '{}'


how to Check the IP address of the Ethernet interface on the target device?

I can update this if you give more information but the basic command to check network configuration is ifconfig:

$ /sbin/ifconfig wlan0
wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr c4:46:19:5f:dc:f5
          inet addr:192.168.0.21  Bcast:192.168.255.255  Mask:255.255.0.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::c646:19ff:fe5f:dcf5/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:361918 errors:0 dropped:38 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:259496 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:213916434 (204.0 MiB)  TX bytes:59886866 (57.1 MiB)


Yes, you correctly uninstalled Java. The information where you could get Java, if you wanted it, is a service of the alternatives system.


use TeamViewer it has sound and many other goods, though it uses TW server somewhere at Germany, where CIA  resident evil


Consequences for uninstalling the terminal

Even after you uninstall the terminal there are two relatively easy ways to access a command prompt, the virtual console (tty) and the root option in Recovery mode, so any program which requires access to a terminal (including root access) will still be accessible and run even if the terminal app is uninstalled. The same goes for all other apps installed in Ubuntu generally, because uninstalling the terminal only removes the terminal app itself and does not remove anything else.

Also the other packages aren't dependencies of the terminal. Uninstalling a package doesn't uninstall any other packages along with it except for packages that  depend on that package in order to function.


From a terminal session, try using ip with addr:

$ ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:e0:4d:89:99:87 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.0.100/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::2e0:4dff:fe89:9987/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

From the man ip page:

ip - show / manipulate routing, devices, policy routing and tunnels

IP - COMMAND SYNTAX
   OBJECT
       address
              - protocol (IP or IPv6) address on a device.

       addrlabel
              - label configuration for protocol address selection.


How to stop Katoolin from crashing Ubuntu?

Warning about updates after installing Kali linux tools

The LionSec Katoolin GitHub webpage clearly warns Katoolin users to be careful when updating software.

  Before updating your system, please remove all Kali-linux repositories to avoid any kind of problem.

All kinds of problems can occur if you don't do this.

Additional reference: How to install Kali linux tools in Ubuntu 15.10

  Are the kali repositories necessary?

Katoolin is a script that makes it quick and easy to install may Kali linux tools at the same time, however adding Kali repositories is not always necessary. For example read this answer to a question about how to install only two Kali linux tools, which can also be easily installed without adding Kali repositories.

Adding only the Kali linux tools that you need manually is good training that teaches you how to use the other package management tools that are provided by the default Ubuntu repositories and which are safer than Katoolin because they don't add a long list of additional repositories to your software sources.

If you need to install a lot of Kali linux tools you should also consider installing Kali Linux itself, either as a dual boot or in a virtual machine. If you have done what looks like irreparable damage to your system with Katoolin, I recommend that you remove all the Kali linux repositories that you added from your software sources and with the help of the terminal history command remove all the packages that you installed with Katoolin, and start over again with vanilla Ubuntu.


I solved the issue, pretty strange though! I had a wine application running, closing it results in copy/paste working again, when I open the application again, copy/paste stops working!


Problem with wireless networking for ubuntu server on a Raspberry pi 4

From the examples on netplan.io, I would assume your file should look something like this:
network:
    version: 2
    ethernets:
        eth0:
            dhcp4: true
            optional: true
    wifis:
        wlan0:
            access-points:
                "my_ssid":
                    password: "my_password"
            dhcp4: true
            optional: true

3 obvious errors in your file was:

that version: 2 had incorrect indentation,
that you defined
your AP under the ethernets section, where it should be under the
wifis section, and
that you missed the dhcp4: true statement
for your wifi.

In addition, you might need to run these commands:
sudo systemctl enable wpa_supplicant
sudo systemctl start wpa_supplicant
sudo netplan generate
sudo netplan apply

I hope this works out.


Wubi is known to be significantly slower when processing large archive files. Reference on Phoronix.com

But It sounds like you might have some other flakiness. Maybe try running fsck on the root.disk - either from a live CD, or in recovery mode.

I'd recommend backing up beforehand (either data or the entire root.disk). For Wubi installs it's a good idea to always have up to date backups.


Grub rescue doesn't allow me to boot from LIVE CD/USB

Boot order is determined by BIOS and what medium to boot from is decided by the BIOS before GRUB is invoked. I.e. BIOS tries the devices one by one in the order specified in the "boot order" setting, once it finds something resembling a valid boot record it passes the control to the bootloader on that drive.

So if you see GRUB prompt at all it means that either your boot order is incorrect, with the HDD being on the top, or that your boot medium does not contain a valid boot record.

Can you test your CD/USB to see if you can boot another machine from it? Also please double-check that in your BIOS settings the removable medium (CD/flash drive) has priority over the HDD.

Alternatively, yes, you can remove the drive from the machine, plug it into another one and fix the boot record from there.


"apt-get" command cannot be used like you want. You may install with it only from repositories.
But the correct way is to use "dpkg" or "apt" commands:

sudo dpkg -i package_name.deb

or

sudo apt install package_name.deb

Using the dpkg may broke the package dependencies, which do not resolve it automatically so you can use apt-get to resolve the issue:

sudo apt-get install -f


Wired network works in live CD but not after installation

Try configuring your interfaces file:

Open a terminal
For sudo session type: sudo -i
Enter your password
If you are unsure what your network interface is, determine it by executing: ip link show. This will give you a list of network interfaces available.

You should see something like:

# ip link show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: enp24s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:d8:61:2e:27:7c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

lo stands for the loopback interface, so ignore that. For cabled network interfaces look for ethX, enX, enX, ensX,
enpXsY, pXpY (where X and Y are integers). For wireless look for wlanX. Make note of the interface you will be configuring.
Edit the file /etc/network/interfaces (e.g. xdg-open /etc/network/interfaces if you are on a GUI terminal or "${EDITOR:-nano}" /etc/network/interfaces for a CLI editor)

You should see something like this in the file content:

# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

Add the network interface from above with dhcp configuration. For example:

#DHCP config for eth0
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

OR

#DHCP config for wlan0
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp

Save the file and exit
Restart networking by executing service networking restart.


Ghost Image file using FSArchiver for Full-Disk Encrypted OS Drive

After much analysis, I believe I have figured out the problem. The file-system on target drive I wanted to make a backup archive for had been thoroughly corrupted. Honestly I'm shocked. ALL the superblocks were corrupted. None of them worked. None could be read or mounted.
This likely explained the numerous system crashes I experienced randomly without any warning. (Though I still suspect I may have a graphical hardware problem, or at the very least an nvidia-drivers problem.)
Ultimately I completely formatted the drive and reinstalled Ubunutu 20.04 on it. Then everything worked super well. Afterward I loaded into an Ubuntu Live boot-usb drive, simply mounted the newly created encrypted drive through dolphin, then remounted it from commanding as read-only, then performed the fsarchiver backup.
$ fsarchiver -j4 savefs  /media/other-drive/filename.fsa  /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root


Your installation was not successful as the user that you created in the install was not created, Can you not just try the install again? Else you can:

1) Boot in single user mode

2) Add new user

sudo useradd -m -G adm,cdrom,sudo,dip,plugdev yourusername

passwd yourusername

3) Reboot and login.


How could I mount an ext4 partition and have write permission?

First of, it'd be useful to check the drive's UUID by using following command:

ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid

In my experience, I usually mount an EXT4 formatted harddrive using the defaults, and I never experienced any errors in write permissions.

My /etc/fstab looks like the following:

UUID=004f9bfa-fb5a-438c-8a5a-dc04fa6f2d3e /media/MYCH0  auto defaults 0 0 #external hdd

if all fails, you also might try to set yourself as the owner by doing this:

sudo chown username:username /media/mountpoint

For further reference, you might want to take a look at this:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1482818


I'd suggest having the home folder on the HDD. That's where all your personal data is stored, like music, pictures, videos, bookmarks, etc, as well as user configuration files. All of that together can take a lot of space, and has no reason to be on the SSD.

Optional:

Another candidate is /var. It doesn't take that much space - a few hundred MB or so, but contains the logs and some caches.


Why does my wireless stop working in Ubuntu if I turn it off in Windows?

On Windows 7, if I turn off the wireless card, then turn off Windows 7, then boot Ubuntu, my wireless card won't work.

The proprietary drivers/software for your wireless card/laptop in Windows have a way of telling the wireless card to switch off. Unfortunately, it appears the open-source drivers in Ubuntu/Linux cannot.
The only solution is to not "turn off" the card before you shutdown Windows -- you don't need to do that anyway, it's not like the card will consume power once the laptop is shut down.

Apparently I have to keep turned on my wireless on windows 7 in order to work on ubuntu.... this is pretty disappointing

You can only use either Wubi-buntu OR Windows at any one time. I really don't understand what all the fuss is about.

What's the real solution?
Support wireless card manufacturers who provide proper Linux drivers or at least disclose enough information for the open-source community to write such drivers. Get a new mini-pcie wireless card; I recommend the Intel 6205/6230/6300 - works great with iwlwifi.


According to me, apt-get has the same philosophy as the Ubuntu updater, which doesn't proceed to any OS upgrades which are not "Long Term Support" (except if you configure it differently).

I think the basic sources only target "stable" and "safe" packages. When a program is updated by its provider, it is very unlikely for the new version to appear in the base repositories quickly. We have this behaviour with the LibreOffice suite : you'll get stuck on version 4.0.2.2 (as far as I remember) even if 4.0.3 has already been released. For this example, you needed to add the LibreOffice repository (ppa:libreoffice/libreoffice-4-0) in order to get a recent package. In some other cases, such as php, the name of the package changes between major versions (php became php5 or php53 on some distributions).

That's the same for most applications. Get the provider's PPA, or if it's not available, download the sources and compile them, it's pretty easy, given that you'll often find a INSTALL file in the source tarballs.

Some useful commands :

sudo add-apt-repository [ppa] # Adds a PPA to apt sources.
sudo apt-get update # Reloads the packages list from the current apt sources.
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade # Proceeds to packages update.

To me, this characteristic is a flaw in the apt-get conception. I agree on the fact that it provides some security to beginners (no downloads for uncertified "safe" applications), but for developers, or just for more advanced users, it can become quite disturbing.


It is a known bug in xorg-server: https://bugs.launchpad.net/xorg-server/+bug/1220426

You should either follow the workarounds presented there, or wait for the fix in Ubuntu 15.04 (xorg-server 1.17 which merged this fix: http://lists.x.org/archives/xorg-devel/2015-January/045402.html), scheduled for April 2015.


Wireless card not detected on Dell XPS 13

From here you have two solutions available to make your Wi-Fi card work properly :

Install Ubuntu 15.04 which contain a lot of fixes and has Wi-Fi working out of the box. If you want to do that I have written a complete step-by-step guide here.
Keep your Ubuntu 14.04 installation and install needed packages to make Wi-Fi works. Here is how :

Download on a USB key the followings packages : bcml-kernel-source, dkms, fakeroot and libfakeroot.
Install them by running :

sudo dpkg -i dkms*.deb
sudo dpkg -i bcmwl-kernel-source*.deb

After that your Wi-Fi should work properly.

I know that is not the question but I encourage you to install 15.04. You will have a lot less trouble to make everything work properly.


When a server starts, it has to bind to which ip addresses it will listen to. Here the server specifices one or more triples of protocol (usually TCP or UDP), port number(like http or smtp) and ip address (ipv4 or ipv6).

All those are specified in the configuration files.

As long as no such triple are the same, you will have no collisio.  Except for the special address 0.0.0.0 or 0::0. These are only allowed when used as listening address, never destination address.
They mean that the kernel (operating system) should listen on all configuted ipv4 or ipv6 addresses on the computer.  So, if you have started to listen to that address and then tries to listen to another address with same protocol and port number will conflict with previous opend ports.

So you have to find this and adjust configuration accordingly what you actually wants.


What does NT_STATUS_MORE_PROCESSING_REQUIRED mean when using smbclient to connect to a samba share?

Thanks for the answer Will.

The bug seems to be still present (or reappeared ?) in 2018. I upgraded from 16.04 to 18.04 and I got problems with smbclient.

Strangely, the error message from smbclient is:

  NT_STATUS_INVALID_NETWORK_RESPONSE

BUT, I recorded the packets with wireshark, and the actual status was:

  NT_STATUS_MORE_PROCESSING_REQUIRED

As explained by Will, I changed my hostname to a shorter version, without hyphen, and it worked.


So far I've had success making bash aliases for emacs and sudo. Edit your ~/.bashrc (or ~/.bash_aliases if you use that) to include the following:

alias emacs="emacs -nw"
alias sudo="sudo "

I'm still disappointed that the latest emacs-nox doesn't just work out of the box.

Update: I found I had not properly removed the old version of emacs. Make sure when you run the remove command, you include the *:

apt-get remove emacs*
apt-get install emacs23-nox


why do we need to install Ubuntu when we already enable WSL in Win10

It depends on your needs:

Ubuntu available in WSL is somewhat dated, it is not the most recent version of Ubuntu. You can, however, boot docker images and pull more recent versions or other versions of Ubuntu or other versions of Linux.

See https://github.com/RoliSoft/WSL-Distribution-Switcher

WSL is not running on a Linux kernel, so some Ubuntu / Linux features are not available. Graphical apps are mixed and although you can run an X server on Windows, I do not believe you can run Wayland.
In addition to kernel apps, not all programs available in the Ubuntu repositories will run in WSL.

So if WSL does everything you need, and you are not developing say Wayland apps, it may work fine.

On the other hand, there are some features that some users and / or developers need that are not available in WSL, and in that case you would have to install Ubuntu / Linux.

It is difficult to impossible to list everyones needs or all the limitations of WSL here, in this answer, but for additional information see :

See What are the limitations of the Windows Subsystem for Linux? for some limitations.

See also https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/faq for an overview of WSL limitations.

See https://github.com/Microsoft/WSL/issues/ for ongoing bugs and missing features.


How to change the default partitioning scheme during install (partman config)?

Have figured this out while installing.

The configurations are in /lib/partman/recipes*, e.g. /lib/partman/recipes-amd64-efi/. For me, editing the 30atomic file did the trick.

See https://askubuntu.com/a/678074/47073 for the details of editing.


How can I set up the Trusty Desktop ISO for preseeding?

Dave (the original asker of this question) and I came across the solution ourselves.

It turns out that if you start from the Server ISO (rather than the Desktop ISO we originally grabbed), you are already much closer to what we were familiar with from Precise.  All of the starting point Trusty images are here.

Once we got the Trusty Server ISO image, everything was familiar, and the steps Dave outlines in the question worked as before.


using wget to download pictures results in junk files

Wikipedia has information pages about each image it hosts with the name of that image (e.g. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:North_Square_of_SYSU.jpg).  It is probably these pages that you are downloading, when what you really want is the corresponding image (which would be http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/North_Square_of_SYSU.jpg for the previous example).


Gnome3: How to disable "Shutdown" button

You may use this gnome-shell-extension  Remove PowerOff
Ubuntu 18.04.3

Ubuntu 19.10


No USB Devices picked up on restart to windows 7 from ubuntu

First you should try to installing proper USB3 drivers in windows, look for them on your motherboard/laptop manufacturers website. If this doesn't solve the issue read on how to workaround this problem:
I couldn't find the same problem with dual-booting on the web, but I found similar problems with Windows not detecting the USB3 ports at all, and some similar linux USB-problems when the USB's are only detected after suspending. For both of these problems the solution (or more likely a workaround) is to go into the BIOS and

change the XHCI Pre-Boot Mode from auto to disabled, or
change the XHCI Mode from Smart Auto to auto

From here and here are some explanations:

Smart Auto
This mode is available only when the BIOS supports the xHCI controller in the pre-boot environment. This mode is similar to Auto, but it adds the capability to route the ports to xHCI or EHCI according to setting used in previous boots (for non-G3 boot) in the pre-boot environment. ... If you reboot the OS, during this reboot BIOS phase, BIOS is "Smart" enough to avoid downgrade the USB 3.0 port back to 2.0 functionality before OS USB 3.0 driver load. So Smart Auto is faster than Auto on 2nd boot onward.
XHCI Mode = Auto
The on-board USB 3.0 port function like a 2.0 port before OS USB 3.0 driver load.
If you reboot the OS, the on-board USB 3.0 port again function like a 2.0 port during this reboot BIOS phase before OS USB 3.0 driver load.

I think this will solve your problem. But likely this is just a workaround, I think one of your USB3 driver is the guilty. I would go for that it is your windows driver. You should do some speed tests on your USB3 ports if they provide proper USB3 speeds in windows and in linux, both with these BIOS options turned on or off.


Is there a Way to install skype 4.1 on ubuntu 11.04 64bit?

Yes, there is. I finished to install on Ubuntu 10.04 64 bits.
Follow the instructions:

https://support.skype.com/m/en/faq/FA12120/getting-started-with-skype-for-linux#2.1

The link to download libphonon is old and invalid. This new link is this:
http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/q/qt4-x11/libphonon4_4.6.2-0ubuntu5.5_i386.deb


It looks like you're missing the first lines from your /etc/apt/sources.list file.  Put them in manually at the start of your file:

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20120425)]/ dists/precise/main/binary-i386/

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20120425)]/ dists/precise/restricted/binary-i386/
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20120425)]/ precise main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://am.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://am.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://am.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://am.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://am.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://am.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://am.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb-src http://am.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to

I know this looks a little funny, but I'd say that's what's lacking in your file.  Copy and paste these to the top of /etc/apt/sources.list and run sudo apt-get update and then try your install.


In GDM. /etc/gdm/custom.conf:

[daemon]
AutomaticLoginEnable=True
AutomaticLogin=hadoop

You can just edit that manually.


How to get Ubuntu 12.04 on iMac G5 ALS version?

I think following this guide might solve your issue.


11.10 to 12.04: update manager can't find 12.04

To upgrade, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the commands below.

sudo apt-get update && apt-get upgrade

sudo apt-get install update-manager-core

sudo do-release-upgrade


There is a better and more stable driver available. Please open a terminal and do:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtlwifi-new-dkms

Reboot and tell us if the performance has improved.


How to create a debian package to delivering fonts to users local directory?

I think you can't use dpkg to install someting without root priviliges since it tries to touch the package database. But you can extract them:

dpkg -x your_package.deb ~/.fonts

But this is far away what you want I think. You can use a small script instead of dpkg maybe. So, users can copy fonts without using dpkg or superuser priviliges.


rdp session not showing "open terminal" or other options

You have to add the polkit settings, ubuntu docs lists it here

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/xrdp


Does Ubuntu 18.04 have an icon called "System"?

Most likely you are looking for settings or system settings as detailed in this question:

Difference between settings and system settings

I have two programs called settings. Is there a reason to have two of them?

settings:

system settings:

This is a typical Linux system design issue and would never happen on Mac or Win.


Yes,of course. Switch off Num Lock and use them!


Unable to apply display settings for external monitor on Ubuntu 20.10

you can use this commandes :
sudo xrandr -q : to show all external port for display and resolution screen
sudo xrandr --addmode VGA-1 1360x768 : to set configuration for second display


Xubuntu 15.10 mounting data cd as audio cd

I was just facing the same problem after trying out CDs of old Windows 95 games on Ubuntu 16.04.

Some background: Back in the days, CDs of Windows games contained both a data track and audio tracks. The game data is on the data track, and the audio tracks were for the in-game audio. You can actually insert these CDs in a regular CD player and it will play the music from track 2 and up.

Ubuntu recognizes these types of CDs as audio CDs, which is thus not entirely incorrect. But you can easily mount the data track with the following command:

sudo mkdir /mnt/cdrom/
sudo mount -t iso9660 /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom/

Then can you can open the directory /mnt/cdrom/ with your file browser to view the data content of the CD. Then you can proceed to install the game with Wine. But you might also need DosBox for the older games.


How to remove all traces of a package on uninstallation?

You could use postrm to force the removal of the folder, but you need to be aware of two possible issues:

postrm is called during a dpkg --remove and during dpkg --purge, and your folder will always be removed.
If you write to a shared folder you will also remove other applications using that folder.

In order to prevent Issue 2, you could first remove all your files and then check if directory is empty and only then remove it.

If Issue 1 is not a concern to you, you can force the removal but in order to differentiate between remove and purge in postrm,  in your case you can:

if [ "$1" = "purge" ]; then
rmdir -R  /path/to/directory
fi


How to expand the ext4 primary partition size in a VMware Player virtual disk?

I was just doing exactly that a minute ago. What you want to do is:

In the machine's settings point the CD Drive to the .iso file with your Ubuntu LiveCD.  You may also need to make sure the "Connect at power on" check box is checked.
Power the virtual machine on and hit F2 with the focus inside the machine.
Once inside the BIOS move to the Boot tab and select CD-Rom as primary boot device.
Run gParted - I think it's always there.
Destroy the swap partition: swapoff, delete the extended and linux-swap partitions.
Resize your primary partition to desired size.
Allocate your swap back again to whatever you like - create an extended partition and then allocate as linux swap. Remember about swapon :)

And that's it. You now have a big primary partition!

In my case you'd need to have Jedi reflexes to get into BIOS by pressing F2 on the splash screen - the boot delay is just too short. What you can do to slow it down is go to your vm's .vmx file and type in something reasonable like:

bios.bootDelay = "5000"

For 5 seconds of boot delay.


They probably make use of the LINES and COLUMNS environment variables. See man resize.


How do I add more disk space to my ubuntu boot usb drive?

It sounds like you are considering a dual boot machine.

The Ubuntu installer will help you to resize your Windows partition and creating another partition for Linux to boot from without data loss.
(YMMV). At this stage you can select the size you want to allocate or even use partition magic afterwards. This may also be the option you are looking for.

After you've installed Ubuntu, you also have the option to mount another partition for extra space afterwards. You could use the USB disk that you mentioned as a storage drive. If you don't have access to another drive to install in your system.

In the case of Linux you can add a persistent mount option to /etc/fstab. Look for examples when you get to this stage. Note the different file systems you need and what has to be where and how big you need them to be. [Be aware, adding an external (USB) disk to fstab can cause problems if if it's not found when fstab is loaded. ]


Location of USB header files for Include

The file libusb.h is in package libusb-1.0-0-dev:

libusb-1.0-0-dev: /usr/include/libusb-1.0/libusb.h

while usb.h is provided by libusb-dev:

libusb-dev: /usr/include/usb.h

Without more details about your application it's hard to know which is required.


Changing windows layout close,minimize,maximize,menu keys

There's another tool that should work the first time you try it. It's called the Gnome Tweak Tool. Just open a terminal (by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T) and type sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool. Follow the prompts, then look for it in the applications list once it's finished installing.


Unknown xubuntu screen locker / password

I ran into the same issue in Xubuntu 15.10. LightDM starts up gnome-screensaver when the device goes into suspend at the lock/login screen.

Run the following to fix the issue:

sudo apt-get remove gnome-screensaver


Ok, I'm a moron. You see, just before it started not working, I chose to use the Nvidia drivers instead of the default X.org drivers because I was recommended to do so by Kubuntu. I've switched back to X and it fixed! And its also free software, so win win! I think I can understand Linus Torvals now...


Installing 14.01 on to a spare drive in PC

Note that the bootloader should be on the HDD itself, and not a partition.
You can try to re-install the system noting this important infomation, should it fail,
I think the easiest method is to unplug the other HDDs and install ubuntu as normal.

You can then plug in the other HDDs and then use the BIOSs boot menu to select when to boot from the ubuntu HDD. you can also use the ubuntu disk in order to boot the other OSs, when you've booted inside ubuntu with both HDDs, just run sudo update-grub2 in order to add the new entries. (this command will actually run after you install all of the updates as there will be a kernel upgrade available which will trigger grub to update).

Please note, most BIOSs are "smart" and will remove the missing devices from the default boot if they're not available during just one boot.


Cannot resume a suspended process in background

You need to start screen to use Ctrl+A+D combination.

So for short:

screen <your_command_to_strart_service>

...

use your console

press Ctrt+A+D (screen detaches)

...

And when needed back:

screen -r

(screen resumes)

See http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/cosmic/man1/screen.1.html for screen program uses.

To install screen in ubuntu:

sudo apt install screen


Lubuntu 14.04 - can't connect via wi-fi after deleting and re-creating connection

You can try manually deleting anything that might be left over.

Open a terminal
Enter cd /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/
Enter ls to see what's in the directory
Enter sudo rm <filename> to delete a connection

You might have to log out and back in for it to take effect. The Ubuntu Network Manager tends not to like it when you manually delete connections.


Package g77 is not available in any currently supported version of Ubuntu, but is referred to by another package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source. The fort77 utility is the interface to the Fortran compilation system. It will accept the full Fortran 77 language defined by the ANSI X3.9-1978 standard. fort77 can be installed in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu by running the following commands:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install fort77

To test fort77 save this Hello world Fortran 77 code as hello-world.f:
      program hello_world
      implicit none
c
      character*32 text
c
      text = 'Hello World!'
      write (*,*) text
c
      end

To compile the code run the following command:
fort77 hello-world.f -o hello-world

This creates an executable file named hello-world. Run the program by typing ./hello-world and then press Enter.
Results:
Hello World!

GNU Fortran 95 compiler can also be installed in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu by running the following command:
sudo apt install gfortran

This is the GNU Fortran 95 compiler, which compiles Fortran 95 on platforms supported by the gcc compiler. It uses the gcc backend to generate optimized code. gfortran is backwards compatible with the same Hello world code example shown above, and the executable file that it generates will run. gfortran is not backwards compatible with all Fortran 77 code, so sometimes it's necessary to install fort77 for full Fortran 77 compatibility.


Whats the differences between NVIDIA installed from ppa or from nvidia.com

It turns out the following:

On a new system installation (in my case 16.04) there are mesa drivers installed. The libraries for mesa are installed to:

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mesa
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mesa-egl

During the installation of mesa symlinks are created from

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so to

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mesa-egl/libEGL.so to

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mesa-egl/libGLESv2.so to

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so

If you install the nvidia drivers from ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa this will install the same libs but to /usr/lib/nvidia-XXX.
As the symlinks from mesa in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu will stay Autodesk's maya will use them.
And as maya requires nvidia drivers to be installed it will crash because it loads the mesa drivers.

The solution is wether to tell maya to use different libs from nvidia or to replace the mesa symlinks with symlinks pointing to the respective nvidia libs.

Wouldnt it be a good idea to check the system about any mesa drivers installed during the nvidia installation?


Clutter refuses to start, reporting GLX problems

After doing a bit more of research, and looking into my Xorg log (/var/log/Xorg.0.log for the most recent one), I realized that the problem was that my nVidia driver was incorrectly compiled, for it had no DRI support (which is required for running gnome-shell).
The solution lied in installing the Xorg development files (sudo apt-get install xorg-dev should do) and recompiling the nVidia driver.

After this, I rebooted and everything was working properly.

If the reader's getting the same error, first thing you should do is check the Xorg logs and read through, if you find no signal of DRI being activated, you should look that up on your Xorg configuration (/etc/X11/xorg.conf).


Reattaching to an existing screen session

There are two levels of "listings" involved here. First, you have the "window listing" within an individual session, which is what ctrl-A A is for, and second there is a "session listing" which is what you have pasted in your question and what can also be viewed with screen -ls.

You can customize the session names with the -S parameter, otherwise it uses your hostname (teamviggy), for example:

$ screen

(ctrl-A d to detach)

$ screen -S myprogramrunningunderscreen

(ctrl-A d to detach)

$ screen -ls

There are screens on:
    4964.myprogramrunningunderscreen    (05/31/2013 09:42:29 PM)    (Detached)
    4874.pts-1.creeper  (05/31/2013 09:39:12 PM)    (Detached)
2 Sockets in /var/run/screen/S-paul.

As a bonus, you can use an unambiguous abbreviation of the name you pass to -S later to reconnect:

screen -r myprog

(I am reconnected to the myprogramrunningunderscreen session)


Sound doesnt work in newest kernel, but works in 2.6.33 kernel?

The original poster was able to solve the problem as follows (moved from being an edit to the question, to here):

  I fixed this problem by going to alsamixer. There was this thing
  called "automute-mode" and it was enabled. By disabling it, my sound
  started working again. I think this had something to do with my broken
  front jack.


How to create temp password that requires you to make a new one next login?

passwd --expire {user}

will force {user} to provide a new password. Also possible

chage --lastday 0 {user}

And

 chage -l {user}

will list details about the state of the password for this user.

You do not need a temp password though.