unable to mount any drive that working fine on windows

If you haven't hibernated Windows, then this can happen because of the "fast startup" option in Windows.
image

Simply boot into Windows, uncheck this box, and you should be fine. To get to that window in the screenshot, open the start menu, and search for "Power Options". Click “Choose what the power buttons do” on the left side of the window. Click “Change settings that are currently unavailable.” Then, uncheck it.


Is it normal for dpkg / kernel update to hit 100%?

It looks normal for parallel compilation job.

dkms recompiles the dynamic modules (drivers) with each new kernel install

To check for the drivers you have installed using DKMS, run

dkms status

04xcc1 instances of GNU C compiler appeared in the process list with high CPU usage (around 11/12.5=88%).

Usually, you see the installation instructions from source (using autotools)

./configure
make
sudo make install

but many users don't know that you can speed up the compilation for most packages. For example, with:

make -j4

Depending on how many CPU cores you have.
Checking the /usr/src/*/dkms.conf files, WinEunuuchs2Unix (OP) could find the exact setup:

MAKE[0]="'make' -j$(nproc) NV_EXCLUDE_BUILD_MODULES='' KERNEL_UNAME=${kernelver} IGNORE_XEN_PRESENCE=1 IGNORE_CC_MISMATCH=1 SYSSRC=$kernel_source_dir LD=/usr/bin/ld.bfd modules"

$(nproc) which seems replaced by 8 in this case.


Ubuntu has black stripes and white stripes all over the place

This is most certainly a graphics driver issue. You say it's an old PC and using iGPU of E7400.

I'd suggest - now that 15.10 is out - that you try with ubuntu 15.04 or 15.10. As these have more recent drivers.

This post suggests to update the graphic drivers with this command:

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-utopic xserver-xorg-lts-utopic libqt5gui5 libgles1-mesa-lts-utopic libgles2-mesa-lts-utopic libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-utopic libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-utopic:i386 libglapi-mesa-lts-utopic:i386 libegl1-mesa-drivers-lts-utopic

There is an altogether different solution: use a graphics card. Intel graphics of the E7400 processor generation are not really up to "present standards" to say the least. You'll not like the 3D performance of these processors whether or not you are able to solve the drivers problem. Any $80 graphics card from either ATI or NVIDIA will give you a better experience.


high xorg processor usage when scrolling or moveing windows after upgrading to 13.10

I'm familiar with your situation (being an Xfce fan boy myself).

You are probably using Greybird from shimmer project (Xubuntu's default).

It is a wonderful and very lean (written) theme, one of the best available.

Sometimes (I'm not a pro and can't tell why) some themes do not work well for different setups.

Selecting even the xfce themes (xfce-dusk, etc) caused me the same unusable performance you are having (including the Greybird suite which I love). It seems the cause is in the gtk-2.0

Solution is to select a different theme (engine) from Settings > Appearance.

The ones in the gtk-engines package (Industrial, Redmont, ThinIce, etc) are lag free for me.

CPU load is around 25% while scrolling (on a single core) with the Industrial theme.

Good luck and I hope you have a scroll lag free session.


Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS Not Using Correct DNS Server

I'm guessing a problem with the domain server (bind) on your VM. If you look at ls -al /etc/resolv.conf it should resolve as a link to ../run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf

The real resolv.conf should be in that directory, as well.

You can redirect the symbolic link:

sudo rm -f /etc/resolv.conf
sudo ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf

Or you can disable the domain service

sudo systemctl disable systemd-resolved
sudo reboot

If you prefer, that will probably fix your problem. Either way you may need to reboot the VM.


Ubuntu 16 doesnt let me connect to the internet after fresh install

can you please explain why you need to install an obsolete/old version rather than currently supported. Generally the version is a minimum not an absolute. If you had a working Ubuntu 20.04 I woulld be tempted to return to that.
What do you need to run that works in  16.* that doesn't in 20.04?
More detail is required by what you mean by "cant do anything" with the internet.
Can you ping?
Are you set up to use DHCP?
(can't yet comment so sorry for "answer")


use tmpfs for mounting ~/.cache directory

you can use /dev/shm (default tmpfs device on unix)

you can do something like this in your ~/.xprofile :

#!/bin/sh
rm -rf /dev/shm/${USER}cache
mkdir /dev/shm/${USER}cache
chmod 700 /dev/shm/${USER}cache
rm -rf /home/${USER}/.cache
ln -s /dev/shm/${USER}cache /home/${USER}/.cache


Does Ubuntu ever push new versions of GCC into the package repository between releases?

I don't think they will change the compiler version in a release, because everything is compiled with the version provided in the package repositories. A new major version of gcc would require a total recompilation and thus re-installation of every package to maintain compatibility.

By the way, compiling gcc from source is surprisingly easy, in my humble opinion.


Extract images from PDF with layer masks

Take a look at this: Remove text information from a PDF?

Pasted here for your convenience:

  Openoffice

  Install the PDF Import Extension from Oracle into your
  Extension Manager for OpenOffice and
  you will be able to open and edit your
  PDF files inside of OpenOffice Draw.
  Which will create all the elements
  (text, lines, drawings, etc.) and you
  will be able to remove those that you
  don't wish. A screenshot is here:

  Gimp

  If you prefer to handle your pdf pages as layers and edit'em as images,
  then you can right click the PDF file
  and choose "Open with GIMP Image
  Editor", the "Import from PDF" dialog
  will show after opening gimp and will
  allow you to choose which pages you
  wish to edit with several options as
  shown in the next screenshot.

  After which you will also be able to
  edit those pages as shown in this
  screenshot:

  Good luck!


Autoconnect to a bluetooth speaker in Ubuntu 16.04

Try bluetoothctl command.

If you then enter help, you'll see the commands to be used.

'list' (devices)
'trust 78:44:aa:bb:cc:dd'  (MAC address of device)
'info 78:44:aa:bb:cc:dd'  (MAC address of device)
'paired-devices'

Try, it worked for me.


Have you tried the Disks application? (Hit Super/Win key, type Disks) It lists all devices that Ubuntu can see. From there you can see what devices are mounted, edit partitions, format.


Why after mount Windows 10 iso it only inlcudes a ReadMe.txt?

Mounting with the Disk Image Mounter would do the work, as @CelticWarrior mentioned!


Ubuntu 21.04 Nautilus sidebar Desktop icon is missing

Update: this is a GTK 3 bug that happens in Wayland sessions, which is now (Ubuntu 21.04) the default display server. When using a X11 session you can still see the folder.
Original answer: I'm experiencing the same problem. I tried a lot of things (check user-dirs.dirs, exec xdg-user-dirs-update, etc) but nothing seems to fix this. I think it's a bug in the Files version distributed with Ubuntu 21.04 (nautilus 1:3.38.2-1ubuntu2) so I filed a bug in Launchpad.


Ubuntu Touch: no onscreen keyboard in Firefox?

Searching some more I found that this seems to be a known bug actually: https://bugs.launchpad.net/canonical-pocket-desktop/+bug/1543351

This is the latest comment at this point:

  kevin gunn (kgunn72) wrote on 2016-04-15: #6

  just confirming, this is definitely on our todo list as a high priority.

UPDATE 2016-07-06: the fix is currently in testing, and has been available through the rc-proposed channel for the last week. It is expected to be available in the OTA-12 stable release (mid July).

UPDATE 2016-12-27: the fix is out in stable for some time now.


Nvidia GTS450, turn on nvidia drivers = blank screen after boot

There are still nVidia issues/problems.  I can only speak from experience that I've had trying to install 11.10 with a EVGA GeForce nVidia graphics card.

Did you make sure to pull the driver from the repository?

Did you try to blacklist the other drivers?

Also, I found this to be a helpful thread.

NVIDIA drivers not working after upgrade. Why can I only see terminal?


Proxy is good for browser but not working for wget or apt update

You're using

http_proxy="myUser:myPassword@http://etc"
https_proxy="myUser:myPassword@http://etc"
ftp_proxy="myUser:myPassword@http://etc"

The correct format is

http_proxy="http://user:password@hostname:portnumber/"
https_proxy="http://user:password@hostname:portnumber/"
ftp_proxy="http://user:password@hostname:portnumber/"


Cannot delete /etc/init/ssh.override file from ubuntu touch

Isn't the filesystem readinly?

Try 'sudo mount -o remount,rw /' to make it writable.

Afterwards make it readonly again by 'sudo mount -o remount,ro /'


Ubuntu 13.10 64bit non-apt program needs 32bit functionality how?

ia32-libs has been removed completely. The way to install i386 libraries now is one at a time as you need them. This isn't a problem for applications from the repo since it will just automatically install what you need, but installing from a .deb is problematic.

This will cover the method to discover and install the dependencies you need: How do you run a 32-bit program on a 64-bit version of Ubuntu?


Ubuntu 16.04 LTS boots slow and I get blocking message

The message is expected and as far as you can tell from it, there's nothing wrong with your machine. That message is not a bad one. 'blocks' are just bits of data that were counted, and the message means the filesystem of /dev/sda9 is 'clean' or consistent, which is good news.


Cannot install and run Eclipse on Ubuntu 12.04

As of the link to the article you have mentioned in the question, the author shows an example to download 64-bit version of eclipse.

I doubt you are using x86 Ubuntu with a x86_64 JVM. To make sure your Ubuntu is 64 bits, run the following command:

$ uname -i


Pidgin and Gtalk (online version) don't always synchronize

Pidgin won't pull out any offline message you recieve. Pidgin doesn't get or sync the history from your google account, it just stores what it gets in your .purple directoty at the moment is opened.


Check the /etc/sudoers.d folder if pwfeedback file is present. If it is, remove it.

Also check this link.


How to config start services with Upstart?

Upstart has been available in Ubuntu since Edgy (6.10). Full details are available in the manual pages on your system:

man 5 init (http://manpages.ubuntu.com/init.5)
man 8 init (http://manpages.ubuntu.com/init.8)
man 7 upstart-events (http://manpages.ubuntu.com/upstart-events.7)
(for a better formatted version, see: http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/#ubuntu-well-known-events-ubuntu-specific)

However, for a gentler and less terse introduction, please see the Upstart Cookbook:

http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/
http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/upstart_cookbook.pdf

Note that Upstart in 12.04 still continues to Support SystemV jobs, but you are encouraged to write new services using Upstart since it's a lot better! :-)

Here is some information on how to start creating a new Upstart job:

http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/#precepts-for-creating-a-job-configuration-file

I would also highly recommend looking at the existing jobs in /etc/init/ to see how they work (some are disected in detail in the Upstart Cookbook).


403 apache error with alias to ntfs partition

You should not have made it to owned by your usergroup, but rather - your user and the group of the webserver. If i am not mistaken it is www-data.


The window border width is actually set by the Metacity theme. You can either change the Metacity theme (System ➜ Preferences ➜ Appearance ➜ Theme ➜ Customize ➜ Window Border) to one that has a window border or edit the Metacity theme you are using right now.

Metacity theme files are located in ~/.themes/<theme name>/metacity-1/ and /usr/share/themes/<theme name>/metacity-1/.

Edit your theme's metacity-theme-1.xml file and
change all values left_width,right_width and bottom_height to something higher than 0.

<distance name="left_width" value="2"/>
<distance name="right_width" value="2"/>
<distance name="bottom_height" value="2"/>


Webcam not found on Thinkpad E550 (ubuntu 14.04)

There is a bug for your webcam, it seems that it's not supported yet:
Acer, Inc ID 5986:055a is useless after 14.04.2 installed

Please subscribe to that bug to get you updated.
Also, you can click on the This bug affects # people. Does this bug affect you? string to state that you're affected by this as well.

Or you can patch it by yourself with a patch (ignore_chining_errors.patch) provided in:
http://sourceforge.net/p/linux-uvc/mailman/message/34182460/

By following instructions here to build your own kernel.


I advise you against using rsync. You should use either rdiff-backup, Duplicity, or Borg Backup.

rsync is great for mirroring – that is: syncing – folders. You, however, probably want a backup. Imagine you accidentally delete something, then your cron job starts a sync before you can stop it. This means you just lost that data, even though you thought you had a backup. But you only had a mirror. Now if you already made a copy of that copy, you can get your data back as long as that's not already overwritten, too. But if you don't notice your mistake for some time, your data is lost.

Now, there is an rsync switch (-b/--backup) to prevent this. But you're probably still better off using a tool which is actually designed for making backups.

rdiff-backup is such a tool. It does, however, lack encryption.

Duplicity offers encryption. I did, however, make the personal experience that it doesn't restore data reliably. That is, when I tried to get a folder back to a previous state, the one file I really cared about just wasn't restored. And I know that file existed before for months because I just accidentally screwed it up, right before I wanted to restore it. Duplicity wouldn't let me restore that file and when I tried to get the folder back to various points in time, all of which I would've been fine with because there were no major changes to that file for months, it just didn't put that file in the restored folder and didn't even print a hint indicating that that file was missing.

I don't know whether this is actually a problem with Duplicity or whether it's a problem with Deja Dup as I used Deja Dup (which uses Duplicity, which in turn uses rsync, btw.) for backing up. I did, however, try restoring the file/folder both via Deja Dup and directly via Duplicity. It didn't work.

About half a year ago, a friend of mine asked me about how I do my backups. The reason she asked me was because she experienced the exact same problem with Deja Dup.

As my trust in Deja Dup was already gone after I experienced the problem myself, I switched to Borg Backup, which I recommend you should too.

Borg Backup takes a bit to get started on but once you know how it works, it's great. It offers versioning, encryption, compression, and deduplication. Backups with Borg Backup are faster than with Deja Dup and you get to enjoy awesome features like being able to mount your backup repository.

That is, you issue a mount command and then enter the location you mounted your repository to. You will then see a list of backup labels as folders. You can enter any one of these folders and look for your files. No need to restore them revision by revision. They're just all there in the mounted repo.

This means you can use normal command-line features and tools on those revisions. For example, I recently found out that I accidentally deleted my Firefox desktop file some time ago. Didn't notice for weeks. A simple

ll */home/christoph/.local/share/applications/firefox.desktop

in the mounted directory gave me a list of all the revisions containing that file. I simply copied the newest one out. But if you wanted, you could take that list and do a diff on the results to see what changed without having to restore anything first. Plus, mounting and searching the repo was way faster than the time Deja Dup takes to just figure out what file is gone.

If you use Borg Backup, it will actually keep track of ownership and permissions without the file system in the backup location having to support ownership or permissions as those are encapsulated by Borg.

Borg can be used perfectly well with cron jobs. It's just a single command you need to issue. There is an archive name you need to specify which needs to be a different one for each backup. If you issue the commands by hand, you can write something more meaningful in there. I simply use date +%c for archive names because my backups are created automatically.

Storing your first backup on a FS with journaling is certainly a good idea. As you then only create other backups and it's not terrible if you have to throw the FS your 2nd backup is on away because it got compromised when the power went out, using a non-journaling FS for it is acceptable.

You can sync this second backup from the first one via rsync. There is no problem with this as you already made sure you can go back to previous versions via Borg Backup, and – if you want – Borg already took care of encryption, too.


What stops someone from setting root password?

This is sort of a broad topic.

At the end of the day, nothing prevents you or another user from setting a root password.

This can happen via several mechanisms including sudo, various exploits (when you read a security alert that allows a user to run "arbitrary code" they can run any command they want), escalation of privileges or other cracking methods, and physical access either booting to rescue mode or with a live usb/cd or other techniques.

Solving or preventing this is a potentially long discussion.

Limit who has sudo access.
If you set a root password, Ubuntu will ask for the root password when booting to recovery mode.
"BIOS" or UEFI password - take care, it can be reset.
Limit phyical access.
Use full disk encryption, although /boot is unencrypted.


How to know where in /dev/ is a USB keyboard loaded?

Keyboards use event device files. You can find them in /dev/input/event*. To find the exact path you can egrep -i "keyboard.+\/dev" /var/log/Xorg.0.log


Enabling Compiz Disables Windows Title Bar - Why?

Go to:

CompizConfig Settings Manager > Effects

Make SURE Window Decoration is checked.


Another desktop's application showing on current desktop task bar

This could be an issue of the task manager widget itself being set to display all windows from all desktops.

If this is the case, you will need to go into the task manager widget and select the options to "Show only tasks from the current screen" and "Show only tasks from the current desktop".


Since your linux "partitions' are actually logical drives in the extended partition, you have to add the free space to the extended partition before you can expand any of your linux drives.

After, adding the free space to the extended partition. Move the logical drives  until the space is next to the one that you want to expand. You may need to move them one at a time, and they should be unmounted in order to move them.

Note: moving the root drive ( / ) can cause boot problems.

EDIT:

In comment you say that sda7 is /boot. This folder contains grub's files. Moving it may cause grub to crash as it will not be able to find the location of it's boot files (grub finds boot files by physical address before drives are mounted). You should reinstall grub after moving /boot. If you can not unmount /boot, you have to boot a liveCD to move it; which complictes reinstalling grub.


i guess you are complete unaware of nat ip and main ip. the nat or network ip is the assignation of the local computer done by the router.if you visit the web and then there's nothing to do with your local ip.to know your main ip just google myip and it will come out with many sites showing your main ip which is given by your isp.
to be anonmous i suggest to go to

https://www.torproject.org/

and download tor for your system and  run the software and now google myip and now you will get the differnce in ip.


Package list file lists the wrong version of MySQL

It's not an issue. The listing in the first link is for the contents of the Ubuntu 14.04.1 ISO, and doesn't have anything to do with the contents of a mirror (the second link).


These steps will create a Python 3.3 virtualenv in a /opt subdirectory:

Install Pip and virtualenv on your system Python installation.

sudo apt-get install python-pip
sudo -H pip install virtualenv

Run this command (see notes below):

sudo -H virtualenv /opt/python_custom -p python3

Replace /opt/python_custom with the path you would like to install to.
Replace python3 with the interpreter which will be used, e.g.: python2, python3.3 or others.

If you want to operate on this Python installation, you will need to run this command first:

source /opt/<PYTHON>/bin/activate

(replace <PYTHON> with the path from above)

Your shell prompt will change to reflect the current virtualenv.
You can then use sudo pip to install whichever packages you would like, e.g.:

sudo pip install setuptools
sudo pip install distribute

Note: To use this Python in your scripts, specify the #! line to be the virtualenv interpreter, e.g.:

#!/opt/python_custom/bin/python

Note: You'll need to use sudo when changing the virtualenv (e.g.: by installing a package with pip) because it is installed into /opt, which is owned by root.


You can try openvt , though interactive script on boot will be tricky.

this answer might help. answer implements openvt
       link


There are several programs out there that creates bootable USB disks. I usually recommend unetbootin, as it is friendlier to use (my opinion)

Unetbootin can be found in the official repositories:

Open terminal: Ctrl+Alt+t

sudo apt-get install unebootin

You should be able to install Startup Disk Creator the same way:

sudo apt-get install usb-creator-gtk

If this fails, please edit your question and add the error messages from the terminal.

Hope this helps!


error: app/org.gimp.GIMP/x86_64/master not installed

env BAMF_DESKTOP_FILE_HINT=/var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications/gimp_gimp.desktop /snap/bin/gimp -s %U

The -s starts Gimp without a splash screen and starts a little faster.


EDIT:
Nevermind, I've already found it

systemctl mask [service name]


Try the flatpak version of gnome-maps: https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.gnome.Maps

It has worked for me on Ubuntu 18.04 x64: favorites are back and search function works as expected.

1. Install Flatpak

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:alexlarsson/flatpak
sudo apt update
sudo apt install flatpak

2. Install the Software Flatpak plugin

sudo apt install gnome-software-plugin-flatpak

3. Add the Flathub repository

sudo flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo

4. Restart (if necessary)

5. Install Gnome-Maps via Gnome-Software or via the command line

sudo flatpak install flathub org.gnome.Maps

6. Run the app

flatpak run org.gnome.Maps


How to create Windows / Linux bootable USB on Ubuntu [GUI style]

For the porpuse of testing I have used Ubuntu 14.10 and these ISO images: Ubuntu 14.04.2, Kubuntu 15.04 beta 1, Linux Mint 17.1, Clonezilla live CD/USB  20141208, Windows 8 and Windows 7. All of them have x64 architecture.

It has been brought to my attention that many people have bothered with the same question. After extensive Internet research I have managed to write a GUI based answer, with several options covered depending of your needs. Unfortunately, there is no universal solution so I have split the answer in two different parts: MBR (BIOS) and GPT (UEFI) based systems.

When doing this kind of actions (e. g. formating), please always keep in mind you have selected the correct drive!

1. MBR based systems

1.1. Some people stated they are happy using YUMI. There is no need to abandon the path you feel comfortable with. Besides, this can be a reliable solution, especially because it has been reported that it really get along with WINE. If you are worried that current version of YUMI isn't supported then download some older version (e. g. YUMI 2.0.1.2 ).

1.2. If you don't have WINE installed and you would like to create USB for Linux OS then you can use Disk image writer. In previous versions of Ubuntu Unetbootin was the primary solution, but it doesn't do the job well in my 14.10. Instead I use Disk image writer which came pre-installed.

The procedure is simple:

format your USB to FAT32 with MSDOS partition table and mount USB (as shown on picture in 1.3. No need to adjust the flags.)
right click on your ISO and select open with/ Disk image writer
select destination and click restore.

The only drawback is after this procedure USB will have messy file system, so you have to correct it afterwards. It will create a bootable USB no doubt, but it need to be formated for further use.

After you're done with your OS installation and you would like to use your USB for something else then do this:

-select sdc1 (black field) and unmount. Ignore the errors (GParted can't read filesystem properly).

-change partition table (e. g. back to msdos)

-open view/device information to see if it has been changed, if not simply repeat once again

-format (e. g. FAT 32).

To install Clonezilla do not use Disk image writer:

-format your USB to FAT32 with MSDOS partition table

-right clik on image and select open with/Disk image mounter. You're image might not be visible in nautilus. Open Disks and mount it hitting play.

-simply copy paste all files from ISO drive to USB (don't forget to pres CTRL+H for hidden files)

-in Gparted manage flags and select boot (as shown on the picture in 1.3.).

1.3. In case you want to create Windows USB then perhaps you should use WinUSB for previous versions of Ubuntu and for the current 14.10.

But actually, the GUI based solution would be interesting. It requires, ironically,  Unetbootin. That's right, all you need to do is to trick Unetbootin to install Windows ISO by changing the file system. I have tested it with Windows 7 x64.

This is the procedure:

format your USB to FAT32 and mount
open UNetbootin and prepare it to write, just before the installation, but don't install the ISO yet just leave it open
format your USB to NTFS, check if it has a boot flag in Gparted and mount USB

switch back to Unetbootin and press OK.

If Unetbootin during installation freeze do not be alarmed, it will take slightly more time to finish.

2. GPT based systems

This should be a very easy task and ordinary issues occur due to poorly formated USB drive (it should look like this picture), but unfortunately the recommended solution - Startup disk creator failed for me in Ubuntu 14.10. Nevertheless, basically what you should do is this:

create FAT32 formated USB with GPT partition table
copy all the files (including hidden) from ISO to USB.

While this solution worked like a charm for Linux Mint, Clonezilla (read about mount problem in 1.2.) and Windows 8 copying files from Ubuntu and Kubuntu mounted ISO reported problems with symbolic links. Now, I have installed my Ubuntu using this method and have been using it for past 5 months.It is convenient because it is easy to set persistence. But you can play safe and use Disk image writer I already explained in 1.2. Of course your USB drive have to be formated GPT FAT32, as I already explained, but when Disk image writer finish it will have structure like on 1.2. picture.

UPDATE:

To install Linux OS you can use Startup Disk Creator. It is simple and straightforward, but I find the application a little buggy. Since Ubuntu 15.04 it got updated so you can give it a try, but while creating Clonezilla USB some errors occured. The USB booted though.


Battery meter shows 6 minutes left immediately after unplugging power, and hibernates sometimes

Maybe you can try a power saving app like TLP. I've been using it since some days and it has been really efficient for my battery usage.

You can find a great configuration help for that here:
Is there a power saving application similar to Jupiter?


What software is available for Folder Lock?

There is not really any software for "folder locking", but you can achieve this through permissions, and optionally access control lists (you have to enable this in fstab by adding "acl" to the list of mount options for your hard drive, and by installing eicel).

Using the standard unix permissions on your folders is a pretty simple but effective way to lock folders without software.


How to make WiFi signal stronger on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS with Realtek RTL8723BE?

Run in terminal

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf <<< "options rtl8723be ant_sel=1"

This will create a config file to make the setting permanent.


It is possible that you put something into trash as root!

To access the Trash as root:

Open the terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T.
Then type in the following command:

  gksudo nautilus /home/your_username/.local/share/Trash

You may need to install gksudo with:

  sudo apt-get install gksu

be sure to replace the "your_username" with your actually username!

Then delete everything in there (or just items you don't need)!


the solution is that:

juju bootstrap --bootstrap-series=focal maas-cloud maas-cloud-controller --debug


Python: error during generation of XML file from python dictionary

Edit: Have you named your script: xml.py? Change it and it should work.

As a workaround, you could use etree in the lxml package. If you don't have lxml installed, type:

sudo apt-get install python-lxml

And for the modified version of your program:

import lxml.etree as ET

root = ET.Element("root")
doc = ET.SubElement(root, "doc")
field1 = ET.SubElement(doc, "field1")
field1.set("name", "blah")
field1.text = "some value1"
field2 = ET.SubElement(doc, "field2")
field2.set("name", "asdfasd")
field2.text = "some vlaue2"
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
tree.write("filename.xml")

Output:

<root>
   <doc>
        <field1 name="blah">some value1</field1>
        <field2 name="asdfasd">some vlaue2</field2>
   </doc>
</root>

For differences between the two solutions, lxml.etree and ElementTree, have a look at this doc lxml.etree versus ElementTree.

cElementTree is slightly faster compared to lxml.etree, anyway the latter is still a fast xml parser written in C, and I think the difference is negligible (benchmarks here).


UEFI 13.04 install on Lenovo IdeaPad Y510p boots Windows instead

The first thing you should try is disabling Secure Boot -- but do not place the system in CSM/BIOS/legacy mode. The comments about Secure Boot that you reference are overly optimistic. In particular, although it does seem to work as planned for some systems, on others it most emphatically does not work as intended. If yours isn't working as intended, the symptoms would likely be precisely the ones you see. Thus, you should first try disabling Secure Boot. If it boots at that point, you can either leave Secure Boot disabled or try to fix it yourself. See my Web page on Secure Boot for more on this topic.

If disabling Secure Boot doesn't help, then I recommend you leave it disabled and try my rEFInd boot manager. You can try it without changing your disk configuration by using the USB flash drive or CD-R image; or you can install it from Windows. (If you do the latter, be sure that you install the driver for whatever filesystem you use on your Linux root (/) or /boot partition, though.) In a typical configuration that does not have a separate /boot partition, a rEFInd CD-R or USB flash drive should be able to boot either Linux or Windows directly and without further configuration. If you try rEFInd from an external disk and want to use it permanently, you can install it from either Windows or Linux.


How do I keep some drivers from old kernel?

open synaptic package manager, select the package you want to preserve, then from the "package" heading in the top menu check "lock version".


Ubuntu 15.10 Wifi device is not ready after updating kernel to 4.2.0-35

Ok, I've found a solution. I've checked the updates (using software center), and there was a kernel update.

I've restarted the system and used old kernel (version from yesterday), and everything works perfect now. It seems that this wifi card is having some problems with some versions of linux.


Unable to use apt-get on Ubuntu 12.04 Virtual Machine

If it is possible, and you are not dependant on ssh (you have physical access to the machine), try uninstalling openssh-server, updating and then reinstalling:

sudo apt-get remove openssh-server openssh-client --purge && sudo apt-get autoremove && sudo apt-get autoclean && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install openssh-server


Nvidia proprietary driver on Ubuntu 16.04 causing login loop

Disable Secure Boot in BIOS and run

sudo apt install nvidia-361 nvidia-prime


UbuntuStudio 16.04 refusing to boot - message about nonexistent directories

If Ctrl+Alt+F2 takes you to console mode, then your system is actually booted. This is good news, because you should have access to your disks, and be able to backup.

To get further information about what prevents your graphical environment to start, try to restart the service, and see if it prints any error log :

$ sudo service lightdm restart

As for GRUB, your menu is probably just hidden, you should be able to see it if maintaining up/down arrow key pressed during boot.


Burg Manager is an application to easily install Burg (along with the default Burg themes and a Burg emulator) and change most of the Burg settings such as the timeout, download and install new themes, remove Burg and restore Grub 2, set the default operating system and many advanced options.

you can get it from here


Is there a command to "manually automount" an attached disk?

you can automount, you can manually mount but you can't manually-automount!

Use gconf-editor or dconf-editor and change the preferences.

/apps/nautilus/preferences/media_automount

/apps/nautilus/preferences/media_automount_open/apps/nautilus/preferences

/media_autorun_never


How do I change the default .htm file icon?

I use a program called AssoGiate.

AssoGiate is an editor of the MIME file types database for GNOME.Ubuntu Apps

To install AssoGiate .

Or

Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install assogiate


Is there any way to get AutoHotKey or IronAHK working?

Autokey is a linux equivalent of AutoHotKey for Windows.

(Update 01May16) The above page no longer exists. There is now a port of it to Python 3 on Github.

Some of its features

KDE and GTK versions available, making AutoKey integrate well into any desktop environment.
Write Python scripts to automate virtually any task that can be accomplished via the keyboard
Built-in code editor (using QScintilla in KDE or GtkSourceView2 in GTK)
Create phrases (blocks of text) to be pasted into any program on demand (uses the X selection)
Create collections of phrases/scripts in folders, and assign a hotkey or abbreviation to the folder to display a popup menu
Regular expressions can be used to filter windows by their title, to exclude hotkeys/abbreviations from triggering in certain applications
Scripts, phrases and folders can be attached to the tray icon menu, allowing you to select them without assigning a hotkey or abbreviation
AutoKey can track your usage patterns and present the most frequently used items at the top of the popup menu

For me, the biggest difference is that Autokey uses Python as its scripting language, instead of a specific proprietary language as AutoHotKey.

They also have an Ubuntu PPA, so you can install it easily and keep up with updates.

You can read a really good article(on How to Geek), on installing and using Autokey to set you up quickly.


What are the default layout settings in gnome-terminal?

The color by default usually uses the system theme so for ambiance can be seen in the theme folder - gtk-2.0/apps/gnome-terminal.rc & or gtk-3.0/apps/gnome-terminal.css depending on ubuntu release

gtk-2.0

    style "terminal_screen"
{
    text[NORMAL] = "#ffffff"
    base[NORMAL] = "#300a24"

    TerminalScreen::background-darkness = 0.95

gtk-3.0 (current on 12.04 - the color: (text) is white & really should be #ffffff

    /* gnome-terminal */
TerminalScreen {
-TerminalScreen-background-darkness: 0.95;

    background-color: #300a24;

color: #fff;


Error (in GTK?) when trying to install EclipseXul plugin

Downloading other eclipse it worked just fine.. It was something wrong with my eclipse-php


Unfortunately after upgrading my Dell Studio 1535 HDMI output is not available anymore, too. It worked before, radeon.audio=1 is known to Grub and editing /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf did not fix the problem, too.

Reinstalling Pulseaudio and Alsa several times did not help although no output is muted in Alsamixer.

But, after selecting an older 3.8 instead of 3.11 Kernel in Grub2 I was able to get HDMI audio working again!

After installing the mainline 3.11.6 kernel the HDMI output works, too.


Ubuntu 12.10 password don't works after login

It looks like your root keyboard layout is different from your user's. In that case, do the following.

First, open the Language Support in System Settings. Press the «Apply System-Wide» button.

Second, open the Keyboard Layout in System Settings. Check the «Use the same layout for all windows» option.

Restart


Actually I figured it out. Just created this sym link

sudo ln -s ~/android-studio/bin/studio.sh /usr/local/bin/studio

Now typing the word studio would launch Android Studio from anywhere on the file system.


How do I create a Task Scheduler in Ubuntu?

For instance with gnome task scheduler:

This basically is a GUI for creating crontab rules.

From command line you can do this yourself by editing the crontab file with

sudo /etc/crontab

Quick reference guide
Or in an image:

Or in "cron" with

sudo crontab -e

Works basically the same as the previous one but does not have a "user" on the line.


How do I replace '' with '\n' and '' with '\n' using sed?

You can do:

$ sed 's/
/&\n/g;s/<\/p>/\n&/g' file

This is home.

These are fruits.

The & on the right hand side of the substitution operator is expanded to whatever was matched by the left hand side. So, in s/
/&\n/, & will be expanded to
 and in s/<\/p>/\n&/, it will be expanded to
. The g (s///g) makes sed replace all occurrences, so it will also work if you have more than one
 or
 on a single line.


Go to a terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T and enter the following code to install zip and unzip

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install unzip zip

Now you can unzip the file my going to the directory and typing unzip <FileNameHere>

If you want to stick to GUI apps for unzipping, install the following. That way, you just find the file in the file manager, double click it and you can unzip it.

sudo apt-get install p7zip-full


maybe useful?  maybe because you are non-root?

  "man bash"

gives this amongst other:

 ulimit [-HSTabcdefilmnpqrstuvx [limit]]
          Provides  control  over the resources available to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.  The -H and -S options
          specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the given resource.  A hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set;  a  soft  limit
          may  be increased up to the value of the hard limit.  If neither -H nor -S is specified, both the soft and hard limits are set.  The value of limit can
          be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of the special values hard, soft, or unlimited, which stand for the current hard  limit,  the
          current  soft  limit,  and  no limit, respectively.  If limit is omitted, the current value of the soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the -H
          option is given.  When more than one resource is specified, the limit name and unit are printed before the value.  Other  options  are  interpreted  as
          follows:
          -a     All current limits are reported
          -b     The maximum socket buffer size
          -c     The maximum size of core files created
          -d     The maximum size of a process's data segment
          -e     The maximum scheduling priority ("nice")
          -f     The maximum size of files written by the shell and its children
          -i     The maximum number of pending signals
          -l     The maximum size that may be locked into memory
          -m     The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor this limit)
          -n     The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems do not allow this value to be set)
          -p     The pipe size in 512-byte blocks (this may not be set)
        -q     The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues
          -r     The maximum real-time scheduling priority
          -s     The maximum stack size
          -t     The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds
          -u     The maximum number of processes available to a single user
          -v     The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the shell and, on some systems, to its children
          -x     The maximum number of file locks
          -T     The maximum number of threads

          If limit is given, and the -a option is not used, limit is the new value of the specified resource.  If no option is given, then -f is assumed.  Values are in 1024-byte increments, except for -t, which is in seconds; -p, which is in units of 512-byte blocks; and -T, -b, -n, and -u, which  are  unscaled values.  The return status is 0 unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting a new limit.


Submitting some snapshots of nature from my collection as Ubuntu backgrounds

There is usually a wallpaper contest sometime in the release cycle. Keep an eye on the Ubuntu related news outlets. As an example, here is the announcement for 12.04: http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2012/01/ubuntu-12-04-wallpaper-contest-launched


Can I use a Debian package build environment to build Ubuntu packages?

The issue is that debootstrap doesn't use your local keyrings in /etc/apt/trusted.gpg or /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/, but only uses the keyrings under /usr/share/keyrings/.

From Debian 8 Jessie onwards, you can simply install the (official Debian) package ubuntu-archive-keyring and it should fix your issue.

On earlier Debian releases, you could make pbuilder pass --keyring=/etc/apt/trusted.gpg to debootstrap as you have the correct key already in that file. Adding --debootstrapopts --keyring=/etc/apt/trusted.gpg to the pbuilder call should do that according to its man page.


Fixed it by adding options snd-hda-intel model=generic to the end of /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf and rebooting.

From: Fix HDA Intel (Realtek ALC887) No Sound Issue In Ubuntu 10.10 Maverick Meerkat


Windows has not been removed from dual boot

You can try this tutorial found at lifehacker at Lifehacker.

  1)    Insert a live CD or USB for your Linux distribution and start up
  its partition manager (like Gparted). Find your Windows partition in
  Gparted's menu—it'll be listed as an NTFS drive.

  2)    Right-click on that Windows partition and choose "Delete" from
  the menu. Your machine may have other Windows-related partitions as
  well, like "System Reserved" and recovery partitions. If you want, you
  can delete these as well (but make sure you have recovery discs handy
  if you're going to delete a recovery partition).

  3)    Right-click on your Linux partition and choose "Resize/Move."
  Resize it so it takes up the rest of the now-free space on your drive.

  4)    Click the "Apply All Operations" button in the toolbar to
  perform the selected tasks. It may give you a warning saying that your
  computer may not boot, but with most Linux instalations this shouldn't
  be a problem (though if it is, check out this article to fix it). This
  process may take some time, so let it be!

  When it finishes, you should have a hard drive with nothing but Linux
  on it. Your boot menu will still have some Windows entries, and it'll
  work fine if you leave them there, but if you want to clean things up,
  just open up a Terminal in Linux and run:

sudo update-grub

  to remove them.


How to avoid new packages on dist-upgrade?

The version of plasma-widgets-addons in zesty doesn't depend on libkf5purpose-bin (and its dependencies), but the versions of this package in zesty-updates and artful do, thus upgrading this package cannot be achieved unless those extra dependencies are also installed.

apt-get dist-upgrade specifically allows for the installation of new packages.  If you only want to upgrade existing packages, without installing new ones, just use apt-get upgrade instead.  However, if there is a package that cannot be upgraded without installing a new dependency, it won't be upgraded.  It may still tell you it wants to upgrade that package, but it can't because it would require a new package.


As you stated in a comment, the server is running top 8.0, while the client only is on 6.0.10.

It may well be possible that the highlighting was only added somewhere between those two versions, in which case it is simply not implemented in the version of your client OS.

Another solution may be something marginally mentioned in the question you linked to: The highlighting can be toggled on by pressing Y. If it is implemented in your client, try it.


The deb package of VirtualBox 5.1.2 for Ubuntu 16.04 depends on packages that are not in trusty's repository.

$ aptitude show virtualbox-5.1
Package: virtualbox-5.1
Version: 5.1.2-108956~Ubuntu~xenial
State: installed
Automatically installed: no
Priority: optional
Section: contrib/misc
Maintainer: Oracle Corporation <info@virtualbox.org>
Architecture: amd64
Uncompressed Size: 156 M
Depends: libc6 (>= 2.15), libcurl3 (>= 7.16.2), libdevmapper1.02.1 (>= 2:1.02.97), libgcc1 (>= 1:3.0), libgl1-mesa-glx | libgl1, libpng12-0 (>=
         1.2.13-4), libpython2.7 (>= 2.7), libqt5core5a (>= 5.5.0), libqt5gui5 (>= 5.3.0) | libqt5gui5-gles (>= 5.3.0), libqt5opengl5 (>=
         5.0.2) | libqt5opengl5-gles (>= 5.0.2), libqt5printsupport5 (>= 5.0.2), libqt5widgets5 (>= 5.2.0), libqt5x11extras5 (>= 5.1.0),
         libsdl1.2debian (>= 1.2.11), libssl1.0.0 (>= 1.0.0), libstdc++6 (>= 5.2), libvpx3 (>= 1.5.0), libx11-6, libxcb1, libxcursor1 (>
         1.1.2), libxext6, libxinerama1, libxml2 (>= 2.7.4), libxmu6, libxt6, zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4), psmisc, adduser
PreDepends: debconf (>= 1.1) | debconf-2.0
Recommends: libasound2, libpulse0, libsdl-ttf2.0-0, kmod | kldutils | module-init-tools, linux-headers-generic | linux-headers-generic-pae |
            linux-headers-686-pae | linux-headers-amd64 | linux-headers-2.6-686 | linux-headers-2.6-amd64 | linux-headers, linux-image, gcc,
            make | build-essential | dpkg-dev, binutils, pdf-viewer, libgl1
Conflicts: virtualbox, virtualbox:i386, virtualbox-guest-additions-iso, virtualbox-guest-additions-iso:i386, virtualbox-ose,
           virtualbox-5.1:i386
Replaces: virtualbox, virtualbox:i386
Provides: virtualbox
Description: Oracle VM VirtualBox
 VirtualBox is a powerful PC virtualization solution allowing you to run a wide range of PC operating systems on your Linux system. This
 includes Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, DOS, OpenBSD and others. VirtualBox comes with a broad feature set and excellent performance, making it the
 premier virtualization software solution on the market.

From the output above you can see that it depends on libdevmapper1.02.1 >= 2:1.02.97 but the available package for trusty is older than that (2:1.02.77). The same for libstdc++6. Required version is >= 5.2 but available version is 4.8.4. There's also libvpx3, that is not available at all for trusty.

VirtualBox package for Ubuntu 16.04 won't install on Ubuntu 14.04.


Partitioining a USB flash drive and encrypting one of the partitions

You've over-complicated the task at hand with these "extended" and "child" partitions. You also made a mistake when you formatted the entire disk as FAT32.  If you format the entire disk as one partition, you will have no room for another partition.
The solution is quite simple.

First, open the Disks application (gnome-disk-utility).

Format the Disk as MBR: Select your device on the left, then click the three horizontal bars near the top right.  Choose "Format Disk..." to format the entire disk. (For flash drives, choose the MBR partition scheme for compatibility.)

Make your FAT32 Partition":  Click the + symbol under the bottom left of the bar graph that represents the partitions on this disk. Choose a partition size that leaves room for your other partition. Give it a name, and choose "For use with all systems and devices (FAT)"

Make your LUKS encrypted partition: Now select the "Free Space" at the end of the drive and click + again to add another partition. Give it a name and choose "Internal disk for use with Linux systems only (Ext4)" and check "Password protect volume (LUKS)".  Enter and confirm your password. Click "Create" one last time, and you're done.


Do Compiz in 12.04 support preview of minimized windows?

In CompizConfig Settings Manager  you can activate the plugin Enable Window Previews, which doesn't show previews for minimized windows. (When I first checked this, I saw previews - but now I can't reproduce it. Seems to be buggy.)

Previews for windows on other workspaces are optional; activate them by unchecking Taskbar Shows Only Windows of Current Viewport.

Compiz Wiki says: "The Window Previews displays a small thumbnail of any displayed (not minimized) window when you hover over it's button in your desktop environment's window list."

But always keep in mind: CCSM is an advanced tool. Use with caution. This tool allows you to deeply configure Compiz's settings. Some options may be incompatible with each other. Unless used with care, it is possible to be left with an unusable desktop.


Installing ubuntu 12.10 - performance issues

First, a note - anything installed with Wubi is going to be slow, due to the way Wubi works.

That said, it might be worth running a diagnostic of your hard drive, if the install was also slow. Very often a major slowdown, especially in a clean OS install, is indicative of a hard drive going bad. I recommend Hitachi's Drive Fitness Test, Hiren's Boot CD, or the Ultimate Boot CD.

There's a difference between graphics-related slowness and slowness related to other issues. Generally, graphics slowness is lag in repainting actions, such as changing screens or scrolling through long documents. If you see this kind of slowness, too, make sure you've installed the Nvidia drivers. You can do this by first updating your computer (open Unity and search "update"), which also updates your video driver list. Once the updates are done, open the "Software sources" application and go to the "Additional Drivers" tab. Find the Nvidia driver that says either "stable" or "stable, tested" and select it.

On a final note, your specs are more than enough to run Ubuntu with Unity, Gnome-Shell, or KDE (also, KDE is on par with Unity as far as resource usage, so it's not surprising that going to Kubuntu didn't change anything), but if you want something lighter weight, then you might want to try LXDE (Lubuntu) or OpenBox. Also, the terminal isn't generally required in most cases for the general user anymore, but even when you do make use of it, it's not that bad (and who knows, maybe once you get used to it, you won't want to go back to some of the GUI interfaces ;) ).


I remember having the same problem.  I think I solved it by:
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
Maybe also:
sudo dpkg-reconfigure ubuntu-desktop

Other suggested command after reinstalling the desktop (courtesy of @Ken Kinder by comment), to reconfigure the display manager:
sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm


Wubi installation stuck after "CPU interrupts Balancing Daemon [OK]"

After managing booting ubuntu using method below using the lightdm display manager then a permanent solution is the following:

Installing a new display manager can fix your problem.
Steps to install GDM (a display manager much like lightdm):

Open terminal(CTRL+ALT+T) and execute following commands:

sudo apt-get install gdm
sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

then chose gdm from the list: gdm

sudo reboot now


Why did port 3000 suddenly start getting used by PPP? How to disable?

Well, @whiskers75 answer seemed to work at first, but I've now witnessed the behaviour again and ppp was still not installed - it must have been the reboot that did the trick before.

I used netstat -tulpn to check which processes where listening to which ports, and it turns out that nmap was giving misleading information - it wasn't ppp, but ruby.  A rogue ruby process had been left over by a dead rails instance and was still listening to port 3000.

killall ruby did the trick, the port was freed and I could restart my rails server.


MAAS - PXE boot only working with Legacy boot not UEFI

I figured out how to do this with my setup. Here is a thread with details from others trying the same and my solution. https://discourse.maas.io/t/pxe-boot-forward-with-uefi-support/590


Can't boot into Ubuntu 17.10 default (lowlatency) kernel

I had the same problem.

To set the generic kernel as the default option,

Edit /etc/default/grub

ChangeGRUB_DEFAULT=0 to GRUB_DEFAULT="1>2"

Note, menu options are numbered starting with 0.

So, the above says on the first menu, select the 2nd option ("Advanced Options" in my case) and select the 3rd option on the submenu ("-generic" kernel in my case).

Your menu values may vary depending on the options in your Grub menu.

Run update-grub to save these settings.

I also commented out GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT, and set GRUB_TIMEOUT=3 so I can see the grub menu at boot in case I have problems in the future.


Cannot install GNU Fortran compiler due to unresolved dependencies

In Software Centre, type 'gfortran' into search box.

This will find: GNU Fortran 95 compiler

I already have this installed, on Ubuntu 12.04.


You should get two launchers for each Netbeans installation. If you install each one system-wide, if they are installed in the same location, you may overwrite the package manager one or make apt-get complain when installing/removing the package manager one.
No, it should detect all the JDK's you have installed. If it fails then you can always locate them manually.
I haven't tried, but it should let you install them without root privileges. I remember some time ago Eclipse had a similar problem (permission/dependency problems when installing extensions).


How to open NTFS partition on Ubuntu without Windows' hidden files?

AFAIK $RECYCLE.BIN is for Recyclebin allocation form your hard disk partition.I mean how much HDD partition was allocated for specific partition.
  System Volume Information bears the useful info regarding your volume

So If I were you I will keep those files. Even you remove,  they will come again.


How do I stop "search home.network" from appearing in my resolv.conf?

Are you sure that resolv.conf isn't managed by resolvconf? If resolvconf is installed and /etc/resolv.conf is a symbolic link to /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf then resolvconf is managing the file. In that case take a look in the files in /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/ and remove any lines that look like domain home.network or search home.network.

If resolvconf is not managing resolv.conf then the string home.network is probably being supplied by your DHCP server. Reconfigure the DHCP server so that it doesn't supply this string as a search domain.


How do I install java, ant, and red5 on Ubuntu 14.04?

http://linuxadminzone.com/quickly-install-java-ant-ivy-and-red5-flash-server-in-linux/
Google is your friend. It took 2 minutes to find the answer


Step 1 :

http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/d/dpkg/dpkg_1.17.5ubuntu5.6_amd64.deb     - Download File link

Step 2 :

sudo dpkg -i dpkg_1.17.5ubuntu5.6_amd64.deb

Then trigger the update again by:

sudo do-release-upgrade -d


No operating system or formatted partition(s) on laptop

considering lshw says there is only the cdrom, I would suggest you to:

1 Check the physical disk is inserted and powered on your laptop, what lshw is saying is there is no disks in this computer.

2 check your laptop bios, search for the boot options, verify your laptop find the hard drive.

3 If you are using a live cd, you could open a terminal and write:
  sudo lshw -html > myhardware.html
  Then you could read the specs from your pc with via a web browser:
  firefox myhardware.html
  This will tell you all about your laptop hardware.

4 If all else fail, you can burn a live cd of gparted, I think it has more options to detect your disks.


Changed from RAID to AHCI, ubuntu installer still does not recognize SSD, Dell XPS 13

ok apparently the solution is that it only works if you select the option to "Install ubuntu" from the startup screen rather than "Try ubuntu wihout installing".


You are looking for an ubuntu server. Those don't need a monitor attached for normal operation (though it certainly helps for initial setup).

For a better answer give more info on what would you like to accomplish.


how to secure my browsing while using wifi

I think you're safe.

WPA/WPA2 just gives you an encrypted connection to the wireless router, it's unencrypted (by WPA/WPA2) after that.

A VPN sets up an encrypted tunnel between you and the VPN server. The other side of the VPN server is not encrypted. The VPN server can see your URLs.

TOR adds complicated routing, and conceals your IP address from the destination server. TOR encrypts your data from your computer all the way to the last TOR server before your destination.


In Ubuntu 13.10 on the WineHQ WoW 5.4 was rated as "Gold" and for other distributions it was rated as "Platinum" both mean that you will have almost no problems or any that make normal game play impossible.

The link is for the overall page for the game.
You can also add your own test results for which ever one you are using. But that is probably a bug, so if you go to this link.

http://bugs.winehq.org/

This is the page to submit a bug to Wine and see if anyone else has the same problem.
You will need an account to submit a bug.

http://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=version&iId=28973

This the page for WoW. If you scroll down you will see a table titled "Known Bugs". If you think this is a WoW bug then enter a bug number (try any number above 36000) and it will get reviewed. (Note: First get an account just so that can give you an e-mail, so that can contact you.) Also may be helpful to post a comment at the bottom of the page.

You should try to post a bug at the Bugzilla, if all else fails then try the WoW page itself.

I hope this helped you!


Yes, there is a specific package available in the official repositories as always.

Use the Ubuntu Software or, in terminal, sudo apt install nautilus-dropbox.


Why does the Ubuntu package manager install nodejs v4.2.6 by default?

The reason that the nodejs package seems so outdated is that it hasn't been updated since Ubuntu 16.04 LTS came out, but you can install v9 of node.js using these commands:

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_9.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

Source: https://nodejs.org/en/download/package-manager/


The problem was solved by selecting

  NVIDIA binary driver - version 340.107

instead of

  X.Org X server -- Nouveau display driver

in the "Software & updates" tab from the "Updates Manager" window

ScreenshotOfTheWindowFromWhichTheProblemWasSolved

If I select the Nouveau driver back again, the issue reappears : two boots are needed and the first one randomly triggers a "kernel panic" ; freezes at "found soundcard" or "found network connection" ; or reboots by it-self.
If I remove the nouveau driver :

xserver-xorg-video-nouveau (version 1:1.0.15-2)

then reinstall it and reuse it, the problem reappears.
If I try to install the more recent package :

xserver-xorg-video-nouveau-hwe-18.04 (version 1:1.0.15-3)

with Synaptic, the system answers to fix broken packages first. But when I try to fix broken packages, the system answers that the broken packages are marked to "keep as they are".


How do I install Ubuntu on an HP dv6-7206 Tx notebook?

I assume that you have burned Ubuntu to a CD or a USB stick. You need to enable the computer to look for other boot devices than the hard disc first. This can be a bit technical. You will need to enter the BIOS, which is a menu controlling hardware of the computer. If you are not experienced with this, I would recommend that you find someone, who is, or look closely in the handbook following the notebook for instructions. What needs to be changed is the 'boot order', making sure that the CD drive (or USB) is checked before the hard disc.

Concerning wireless, it should tell you that there are wireless coneections available, when you open the computer. After entering the password, it should work. There is a guide here: https://help.ubuntu.com/12.04/ubuntu-help/net-wireless.html

Similar for Bluetooth: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BluetoothSetup


Usb WiFi dongle pluggin in doesnt create wlan0 interface

Finally I found that previously I removed windows driver for the dongle, but missed these pieces of ndiswrapper configuration:

/etc/modprobe.d/ndiswrapper.conf
alias usb:v07D1p3C03d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper
alias usb:v07D1p3C04d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper
alias usb:v07D1p3C07d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper

which directly aliases my dongle to ndiswrapper (which stopped working due to I purged windows driver)

/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
# for dlink dwa-110
blacklist rt73usb
blacklist rt2x00usb
blacklist rt2x00lib
# blacklist ndiswrapper

which directly denies using linux native drivers

The interface appeared after I commented out these directives


How to connect to an existing wifi network

If you have NetworkManager applet running - then you should have an icon in taskbar. Righ click - and ensure that nm-applet controls the network and the wireless network in particular. Then setup wireless connections.

You can check that you have nm-applet running with this command:

$ ps -AF | grep nm-applet
azure     2290     1  0 210160 20252  0 17:03 ?        00:00:00 nm-applet
azure     6290  6267  0  4342   904   0 23:21 pts/5    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nm-applet

Note: latest lxde environment in ubuntu failed to run nm-applet because console kit session was not launched by login manager :\ I resolved this by switching to kdm.


Using headset controls like a smart phone

Traditional stereo headphones have only three leads, while ones with a microphone and/or the "button" have four.  In order for the microphone or the button to work on your machine, the headphone jack must also have four leads (which is unlikely) and the drivers you're using must also support the fourth lead.

It is unlikely that the manufacturer would provide hardware without driver support, so if you still have the manufacturer-provided OS installed, you could boot into that and test the button there.  If it works there but not in Ubuntu, then it's probably a lack of driver support.


How to route pulse audio device into alsa loopback (virtual microphone)?

The simple answer is at the end. But to help understand the solution, I will try to be as intelligible as possible. My assumption: "Loopback device" is card #2, device #0 and #1, so in all examples this holds true (e.g. /dev/snd/pcmC2D0pmeans "card 2, device 0, playback"). Your installation may vary, so modify the respective values.

First, I created/modified /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-aloop.conf to have only one card with only one substream (just for simplicity):

user@desk:~$ cat /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-aloop.conf
options snd-aloop index=2 pcm_substreams=1 id=Loopback

After sudo modprobe snd_aloop, aplay -l and arecord -l show

user@desk:~$ aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
.
.
card 2: Loopback [Loopback], device 0: Loopback PCM [Loopback PCM]
  Subdevices: 0/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 2: Loopback [Loopback], device 1: Loopback PCM [Loopback PCM]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

user@desk:~$ arecord -l
**** List of CAPTURE Hardware Devices ****
card 2: Loopback [Loopback], device 0: Loopback PCM [Loopback PCM]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 2: Loopback [Loopback], device 1: Loopback PCM [Loopback PCM]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

Now, there is one problem: Both devices of the loopback card are playback as well as record devices. But the function of snd_aloop is to route input in device 0 to output at device 1 and vice versa (see e.g.https://www.alsa-project.org/main/index.php/Matrix:Module-aloop). You can see these in /proc/asounddirectory:

user@desk:~$ ls /proc/asound/card2
cable#0  cable#1  id  pcm0c  pcm0p  pcm1c  pcm1p

where "pcm0c" is capture device 0, "pcm0p" is playback device 0 etc.

So pavucontrol shows (and selects) two loop devices, one playback (hw:2,0) and one record (hw:2,1):

You cannot select the playback device in pavucontrol, so it selects device 0:

You will see this when loking at the playback device file:

user@desk:~$ lsof | grep /dev/snd/pcmC2
pulseaudi 3314               user  mem       CHR             116,13                 556 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0p
pulseaudi 3314               user   48u      CHR             116,13      0t0        556 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0p
alsa-sink 3314 3320          user  mem       CHR             116,13                 556 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0p
alsa-sink 3314 3320          user   48u      CHR             116,13      0t0        556 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0p
.
.

So this means the capturing of this audio stream has to be done via /dev/snd/pcmC2D1c; if you select loopbackas the input device for flash, it will use /dev/snd/pcmC2D0cinstead (plugin-comeans the plugin container flash is running in):

user@desk:~$ lsof | grep /dev/snd/pcmC2
pulseaudi 3314               user  mem       CHR             116,13                 556 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0p
pulseaudi 3314               user   48u      CHR             116,13      0t0        556 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0p
.
.
plugin-co 5093               user  mem       CHR             116,14                 557 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0c
plugin-co 5093               user   21u      CHR             116,14      0t0        557 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0c
.
.

You may check when explicitly playing sound through /dev/snd/pcmC2D1p, e.g. with

user@desk:~$ aplay -D hw:2,1 test1.wav
Playing WAVE 'test1.wav' : Signed 16 bit Little Endian, Rate 44100 Hz, Mono

Now the flash plugin records sound, and you can see the difference:

user@desk:~$ lsof | grep pcmC2
.
.
aplay     7256               user  mem       CHR             116,15                  558 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1p
aplay     7256               user    4u      CHR             116,15       0t0        558 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1p
.
.
plugin-co 7237               user  mem       CHR             116,14                  557 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0c
plugin-co 7237               user   21u      CHR             116,14       0t0        557 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0c
.
.

So, the task now is: How to have pulseaudio select the device #1 of the loopback card for playback?

Assuming the values from above, you may modify /etc/pulse/default.pa to read

.
.
### Load audio drivers statically
### (it's probably better to not load these drivers manually, but instead
### use module-udev-detect -- see below -- for doing this automatically)
#load-module module-alsa-sink
#load-module module-alsa-source device=hw:1,0
.
.
load-module module-alsa-sink device=hw:2,1
.
.

Be sure to define the statically driver(s) before the dynamic ones.
Now after restart of PA (pulseaudio -k), the loopback output of PA goes to card2, device 1 (device=hw:2,1). To verify:

user@desk:~$ lsof | grep pcmC2
pulseaudi 8584               user  mem       CHR             116,15                  558 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1p
pulseaudi 8584               user   18u      CHR             116,15       0t0        558 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1p
alsa-sink 8584 8585          user  mem       CHR             116,15                  558 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1p
alsa-sink 8584 8585          user   18u      CHR             116,15       0t0        558 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1p
.
.

Thus, your flash recorder is able to record from the output of pulseaudio.

Remark: If you do not want to edit /etc/pulse/default.pa, you can load the module interactively with pacmd load-module module-alsa-sink device=hw:2,1. This will give you a second loopbackdevice in pavucontrol. And if you only want one loopback device, first unload the respective module:

user@desk:~$ pacmd list-modules
.
.
    index: 7
    name: <module-alsa-card>
    argument: <device_id="2" name="platform-snd_aloop.0" card_name="alsa_card.platform-snd_aloop.0" namereg_fail=false tsched=yes fixed_latency_range=no ignore_dB=no deferred_volume=yes use_ucm=yes card_properties="module-udev-detect.discovered=1">
    used: 0
    load once: no
    properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "ALSA Card"
        module.version = "8.0"

Look for the index where device-id=2 (here:7), then unload the module (pacmd unload-module 7) and after that load the sink for the loopback (pacmd load-module module-alsa-sink device=hw:2,1).


ctrl+shift not working in kubuntu 17.10 in this last days

It is known bug 1720364. I created ppa:nrbrtx/xorg-hotkeys with patched Xorg.

You can join conversation on community.ubuntu.com.


Clear "Most Frequently Used" in "Applications"?

Like this: Deleting last few hours of zeitgeist history like in Firefox?


How to resolve home partition tied to older Ubuntu version?

According to your fstab, /dev/sda9 is the /home partition for the new installation. On the other hand, the Ubuntu 11.10 entry from the same partition suggests the presence of boot files there, which implies, the it has been a system (or a boot) partition before. I suspect that something like ls /home/ will reveal the old installation of 11.10 on /dev/sda9.

How that happened is not very clear. I can only guess that the / and /home partitions has been misidentified at the time of installation, the old / has been assigned to /home, and not formatted, whereas the old /home may have been assigned to /, and formatted. You might take a look at the old fstab on /dev/sda9, to gather more info.


You have two problems:

/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/multiarch file is being opened by the shell as unprivileged user before the echo command runs, hence the permission error as only root should be able to create the file or write in it. The sudo is only being applied to echo command.
The string foreign-i386 architecture is not correct for enabling multiarch support for i386 architecture, the correct string is foreign-architecture i386.

To fix these, you can do:

sudo bash -c 'echo "foreign-architecture i386" >>/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/multiarch'

Or

echo "foreign-architecture i386" | sudo tee -a /etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/multiarch

Note that, the easiest way to enable multiarch and add i386 architecture would be:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

Don't forget to run sudo apt-get update after enabling multiarch.


How do I clean my boot partion using a live cd

Since your system is booting up (though not in GUI), you can remove old kernels using tty. To do so, follow these steps.

After booting the system (where you see the cursor and blank screen), switch to tty by pressing Ctrl + Alt + F1.
Enter your username and password.
Run this command to check out the current kernel. uname -r. Do not remove this kernel in the next steps. This is just a safety measure.
Next run this command dpkg -l | tail -n +6 | grep -E 'linux-image-[0-9]+' | grep -Fv $(uname -r). This command lists all the kernels excluding the current kernel.
Remove all kernels starting with ii using the command sudo dpkg --purge kernel-name. For example sudo dpkg--purge linux-image-4.4.0-21. If the command failes, then remove the dependency packages that are mentioned in the output the same way i.e. sudo dpkg --purge PACKAGE.
Also try to remove the respective header using the command sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-header linux-image. The header must correspond to the kernel being removed. This means that if the kernel removed is linux-image-4.4.0-21 then the header would be linux-image-4.4.0-21-header. It is ok even if this command fails.
Finally, fix the broken dependencies usingsudo apt install -f


local network: how to change broadcast address (with GUI)

I think there is something incorrect in your configuration (when it's set in auto). With the netmask and ip address you are using you should not be able to reach the ip 192.168.1.1 (gateway and primary dns), in fact you should not be able to reach any 192.168.1.x ip address. Try to ping to 192.168.1.1 and check if you have response.

PD:This should be a comment but I haven't enough reputation


How to enable dropping any file type on particular or any Unity launcher item?

Locate the .desktop of app you wish to adjust, in the case  meld & open in a text editor.

Usually there will be a line, MimeType=, just add to it the appropriate type, if you don't know then a right click > Properties > Type will show.

So in this case, 'Meld', you'd add this to the end of the MimeType= line

text/x-python;inode/directory;

If for some reason the line didn't exist the just add it, like

MimeType=text/x-python;inode/directory;

Usually a logout/in will be needed to reflect changes.

For meld - try also editing the Exec= line in the .desktop to this

Exec=meld %F

Other possibilities for letter would be f or U, though glancing at the report I'm not sure it will matter much here with meld


"Gtk Warning: Theme parsing error" for no-longer-installed extension

Likely the file ~/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css contains @import url(filename) statements, referring to non-existent files in .../extensions/no-title-bar.
Remove the erroneous import statements from the file gtk.css.
If no-title-bar is still registered as installed:
$ gsettings get org.gnome.shell enabled-extensions | grep --color no-title-bar && echo installed

You can remove its entry from the array org.gnome.shell.enabled-extensions in dconf-editor (apt install dconf-editor) by browsing to org, then gnome, then shell, etc.
There also might remain its entry in org.gnome.shell.extensions, remove all its sub-keys and the entry org.gnome.shell.extensions.no-title-bar will be removed as well.
Github Forum post

OOO:
You can check enabled extensions with:
gsettings get org.gnome.shell enabled-extensions

If no-title-bar extension is listed, remove it from the array with gsettings or dconf-editor.
enbQao:
...there was still an entry there for that extension. I removed that entry and all other entries I could find... this did not solve the warning. It still shows.
enbQao:
The warning was due to a import statement from ~/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css
Removing these statements and the warning will not show up anymore.


After installing lubuntu-desktop, it says it's Lubuntu when starting up. How can I revert this back to normal?

We'll be using the update-alternatives command. But first we'll look at a snippet from the man page...

man update-alternatives

   When using the --config option, update-alternatives will  list  all  of
   the  choices  for  the  link  group  of  which given name is the master
   alternative name.  The current choice is marked with a ‘*’.   You  will
   then  be prompted for your choice regarding this link group.  Depending
   on the choice made, the link group might no longer be in auto mode. You
   will  need to use the --auto option in order to return to the automatic
   mode (or you  can  rerun  --config  and  select  the  entry  marked  as
   automatic).

To see how it's currently set, in terminal, type:

ls -al /etc/alternatives/*plymouth*

You'll see something like this:

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 59 Apr 21 12:46 default.plymouth -> /usr/share/plymouth/themes/ubuntu-logo/ubuntu-logo.plymouth
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 55 Apr 21 12:46 default.plymouth.grub -> /usr/share/plymouth/themes/ubuntu-logo/ubuntu-logo.grub
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 59 Apr 21 12:45 text.plymouth -> /usr/share/plymouth/themes/ubuntu-text/ubuntu-text.plymouth

You should note that my example symlinks actually show what you'll end up with, after executing the following commands. With each command, you'll be asked to select which boot screens you wish, and you'll be selecting the Ubuntu screens, instead of the Lubuntu screens (as they are currently set).

sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth

sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth.grub

sudo update-alternatives --config text.plymouth


Downloading multiple files with youtube-dl

Shortcuts

If all of the videos are in the same playlist or the same channel, you can save time by using the following shortcuts.

Playlist

youtube-dl -f FORMAT -ciw -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" -v <url-of-playlist>

...where <url-of-playlist> is replaced by the URL of the playlist and replace FORMAT with any available video format, for example 18. You can use the -F option to see all valid formats like this:

youtube-dl -F 'http://www.youtube.com/some-alphanumeric-string'

Download part of a playlist from start of batch to end of batch

youtube-dl -f FORMAT -ci --playlist-start NUMBER --playlist-end NUMBER <url-of-playlist>

...where <url-of-playlist> is replaced by the URL of the playlist, replace FORMAT with any available video format, for example 18, and NUMBER is the number of the video in the playlist to start/end downloading at.

Channel

youtube-dl -f FORMAT -ciw -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" -v <url-of-channel>

...where <url-of-channel> is replaced by the URL of the channel and replace FORMAT with any available video format, for example 18.

Videos not in the same playlist or channel

First create a batch file which is a text file containing a list of URLs of videos from YouTube that you want to download. The URLs should be arranged in a list having only one URL and nothing else on each line, with a new line for each URL in the list. Save the batch file with a name that is easy to remember like batch-file.txt. If the multiple files are all on the same playlist, channel or user webpage in YouTube, you can generate a text file with a list that has all the links on that page by running the following  command:

sudo apt install jq
youtube-dl -j --flat-playlist "https://<yourYoutubeWebpage>" | jq -r '.id' | sed 's_^_https://youtu.be/_' > batch-file.txt

From the terminal run:

youtube-dl -ct --simulate --batch-file='/path/to/batch-file.txt'

This is the basic command, however you also need to add the formats of the videos that you want to download or else you may find yourself downloading videos with formats that you didn't want. So first simulate your download to see if the format you want is available:

youtube-dl -ct -f 34 --simulate 'http://www.youtube.com/some-alphanumeric-string'

If the video format is not available you will get an error message that says: requested format not available. If the video format is available you will not get any error message when you use the --simulate option. You can also add the -F option to see all valid formats like this:

youtube-dl -F 'http://www.youtube.com/some-alphanumeric-string'

In the third command I have used the common flv 360p video format:
-f 34. You might prefer to try the flv 480p video format by using -f 35. So after you have added the video format that you want to the command, the command becomes something like this:

youtube-dl -ciw -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" --batch-file='/path/to/batch-file.txt'

Notes:

I didn't add the --simulate option to the last command, so this command would be executed for real.


Check your home directory for a file like .gtkrc-2.0-kde4 or .gtkrc-2.0.  Also check under .kde/share/ as this is where KDE hides its configurations for applications and fonts.

Often these are used for integrating GTK apps into KDE style (ie QtCurve).  These files sometimes contain font information.

Remove those files (or backup to a new filename), log out, log back in, and see if the same situation presents itself.


How to start Mysql server after installing from MySQL deb package?

First of all, the easiest way to install mysql on Ubuntu/Debian is with the help of APT:

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

If you do not have internet connectivity, or if you really want to install the version downloaded from mysql.org, then you should read the doc from mysql.org, especially this section:

Installing MySQL on Linux

  For many Linux installations, you will want to set up MySQL to be started automatically when your machine starts. Many of the native package installations perform this operation for you, but for source, binary and RPM solutions you may need to set this up separately.
  The required script, mysql.server, can be found in the support-files directory under the MySQL installation directory or in a MySQL source tree. You can install it as /etc/init.d/mysql for automatic MySQL startup and shutdown. See Section 2.10.1.2, “Starting and Stopping MySQL Automatically”.

Basically, it says that if you install via apt-get, everything is smoothly integrated within your init system.  But if you install from a debfile, you have to integrate it yourself.


A better terminal experience for Windows Subsystem for Linux(WSL)?

I personally do the latter: use VcXsrv as my X server in multiple windows mode, then launch the xfce4-terminal (because gnome-terminal had visual issues that I didn't care to try to learn how to fix), and suddenly I have a competent terminal with font and color support.

I found I needed to add these to my bashrc...

export DISPLAY="localhost:0"
export TERM=xterm-256color

Do the fix from this reddit for dbus:

sudo sed -i 's$<listen>.*</listen>$<listen>tcp:host=localhost,port=0</listen>$' /etc/dbus-1/session.conf

I also installed compiz and I use the cbwin project to run windows programs from my xfce4-terminal shell.

I am very happy with this setup and use NeoVim + lots of native linux plugins even though my "for-work" machine must be Windows. :)

It is also possible to start an SSH server in Bash-on-Linux-on-Windows and then connect to it, say from MinTTY like from Cygwin.

PS: to make launching xfce4-terminal painless and without the extra bash cmd window, I wrote a program that does nothing but start the bash process with arguments to start xfce4-terminal without a console window. I did this in C# - basically use arguments "UseShellExecute" false and "CreateNoWindow" true. I then pinned that to my taskbar and it's almost seemless.

EDIT: The answer with VBScript is brilliant. Here's that same script, but a JScript version...

WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell").run('bash.exe -l -c "DISPLAY=:0.0 xfce4-terminal"', 0, false);


Use the partition's UUID instead of a device name in fstab

If the external USB storage device is seen as /dev/sdb and /dev/sdb1 does not contain an ext4 file system, the last line in your fstab may cause problems.

If you still want to connect an ext4 drive sometimes, it would be a better idea to use UUID instead of device name, and instead of none as mountpoint you could have a predefined one, but use the mount option noauto, for example defaults,noauto in the fourth field.


How to permanently set i915.modeset=0 to fix black screen after boot on device with Intel graphics card

In a terminal window, type

gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

locate the following line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

add i915.modeset=0 in between the quotes, the end result looking like this

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="i915.modeset=0"

lastly, run sudo update-grub


Remove the "login part" in the startup stage [unlocking the disk]

Go to your system setting select user accounts and then unlock the administration account and then turn on automatic login.


Remove Bazel distribution URI as a package source

It looks like you mistyped the tee command when you originally did it - the filename is wrong. APT is complaining because the files in sources.list.d must have the extension .list and yours has .lis

You can delete the file:

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bazel.lis

The errors will go away :)

The add-apt-repository --remove command would work (delete the file for you), if add-apt-repository could match the description ppa:http://storage.googleapis.com/bazel-apt to a file, but that will not work here, I believe, since the filename is not valid. Rather than using echo and tee, you may want to use add-apt-repository to add ppas, as it will just error out if you make a typo (unless you unluckily type the real name of a ppa that is not the ppa you really want!) rather than giving you a broken file.


Script run with .desktop has different results than run from terminal

Have a look at .desktop file spec -- its not expecting a bash script.
Your .desktop file needs to look something like
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=<path to your bash script>
Terminal=True
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true
NoDisplay=false
Hidden=false
Name[en_GB]=VPN
Comment[en_GB]=Creates a VPN
X-GNOME-Autostart-Delay=9

where "path to your bash script" points to the script that you show in the question (probably best saved in /usr/local/bin)


How do i Remove Windows and expand my root partition?

Is there any way i can do that?

Yes. But you can not remove active partitions.

So start Ubuntu (and not Windows as you did in the image) and start up "gparted" (sudo apt install gparted in case you have not got it installed yet).  Mark all the Windows partitions for deleting, and execute it.

This will result in unallocated space. Next expand / to include this unallocated space, execute it.

Mind though that you can only add to a partition if the empty space is next to it. If it is not adjecent you need to add it to the one next to it and then shrink it so the empty space moves before or behind that partition and then move it in the direction you need it to go.

And you are done.


grub doesn't load grub.cfg automatically

I had the same problem found the  solution :
1) in the grub rescue mode, run “set”

2) It show me prefix=(hd1,gp1)/boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/
3) In my case, as I have KDE NEON the folder /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/ doesnt exist, but the folder //boot/efi/EFI/neon/  It does exist. SO the problem is that is pointing to an non exsiting folder
4)So I copied all the folder /boot/efi/EFI/neon/ to /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/ . That did the trick
IN my case also is wrong   (hd1,gp1) because it shoudl point to hd1,gpt5. But I DINDT changed that and it worked.
What I changed is the file /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/grub.cfg, for use msdos format:

search.fs_uuid xkjdiw-18e9-4d0a-ac55-2skjdh8425f root hd1,gpt5
set prefix=($root)'/grub'
configfile $prefix/grub.cfg


How can I reverse the 'fn' key on an Apple Keyboard so that F1, F2, F3... are used as default?

This is described on the Ubuntu Community Wiki:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AppleKeyboard#Change_Function_Key_behavior
You can try:
sudo bash -c "echo 2 > /sys/module/hid_apple/parameters/fnmode"

If it works you can change this permanently (per the linked wiki page):
echo options hid_apple fnmode=2 | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/hid_apple.conf
sudo update-initramfs -u -k all
sudo reboot # optional


Using reaver (for wifi hacking) on Ubuntu 20 issue

It seems, that Wi-Fi Card, which is build-in in your laptop, cannot work in a monitor mode. So you have to buy an extra Wi-Fi adapter.


What is the logic behind holds on kernel packages?

The apt-get upgrade command only upgrades packages to their newer version, it's not going to install a new package or does not remove any to upgrade a package.

When you are upgrading your Kernel, you are actually installing a new Kernel. Ubuntu won't upgrade a kernel, it will install a new one while keeping the old one.

But why? why we install a new version of kernel instead of upgrading it to the last version? the answer is because of stability.

You never know what will happens after a Kernel upgrade, it might fail to boot your system or get your hardware to work correctly. You should always keep the old version so in case of any problem you still have a working machine.

  Never upgrade your working kernel.

Says Slackware system upgrade guide.

More info

man apt-get:

  under no circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or
             packages not already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of
             currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the
             install status of another package will be left at their current version.

However as you know you can use apt-get dist-upgrade or apt upgrade to install these "kept back" packages too.

$ apt-cache search linux-image-4.4.*-generic | tail -3
linux-image-4.4.0-75-generic - Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
linux-image-4.4.0-77-generic - Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
linux-image-4.4.0-78-generic - Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP

see? these are different packages thus a new installation instead of upgrade.


I installed Mythbuntu 14.04 and can't get my remote to work

I had the same problem, and it turned out to be related to USB3 ports using xhci. You have a couple of options:

Disable xhci in the BIOS if possible, and try to see if irw
responds.
Use ir-keytable instead of LIRC.

For option 2:

% sudo apt-get purge lirc

Install ir-keytable

% sudo apt-get install ir-keytable

Find the device/eventID for your remote:

% ir-keytable

You’ll get an output that looks like this with an eventID for your IR transceiver:

Found /sys/class/rc/rc1/ (/dev/input/event10) with:
Driver mceusb, table rc-rc6-mce
Supported protocols: NEC RC-5 RC-6 JVC SONY SANYO LIRC other
Enabled protocols: NEC RC-5 RC-6 JVC SONY SANYO LIRC other
Name: Media Center Ed. eHome Infrared
bus: 3, vendor/product: 147a:e03e, version: 0x1001
Repeat delay = 500 ms, repeat period = 125 ms

Test the remote keypresses using the eventID from the previous step.  This is similar to using “irw” with lirc.  This is for pressing the “OK” key once on the remote.

% sudo ir-keytabe --test --device=/dev/input/event10

You should get an output that looks like the one below:

 1416166547.998594: event type EV_MSC(0x04): scancode = 0x800f0422
 1416166547.998594: event type EV_KEY(0x01) key_down: KEY_OK(0x0001)
 1416166547.998594: event type EV_SYN(0x00).
 1416166548.104565: event type EV_MSC(0x04): scancode = 0x800f0422
 1416166548.104565: event type EV_SYN(0x00).
 1416166548.353099: event type EV_KEY(0x01) key_up: KEY_OK(0x0001)
 1416166548.353099: event type EV_SYN(0x00).

If that works, you know that the keypresses are being recognized by your system. Beyond that point, you can map the keys you want for your remote.  I was able to get this part to work today with my Formosa mceusb IR xcvr.  Let me know if you need more information down this path.


terminal auto complete doesnot work in adb command

Just perform the following simple steps:

Copy and paste the adb bash completion from here on github by mbrubeck and save in a file named adb.txt or the name you prefer.
Store the file somewhere safe. Anywhere you want in your $PATH. I choose /bin but the standard file location is /usr/local/bin.
Use your favorite editor of choice (which should be vim IMHO) to edit your ~/.bashrc file.
Add the following lines (substitute your own path to the adb bash completion file) to the end of your ~/.bashrc file (not edit the .bashrc in sudo mode):

if [ -e /bin/adb.txt ] ; then
  source /bin/adb.txt
fi

Save and quit. To reload your bash type:

source ~/.bashrc

Check if it works.  Type adb d and press Tab to see if it autocompletes to adb devices.

Here you can find the full manual to AutoComplete ADB.


What happens when I use ssh command as command substitution in echo

I expect that echo is blocked here. Is it correct?

A command substitution is always processed before the "final" (in this case "outer") command is run.

So echo is not "blocked", but is waiting for the command inside the command substitution to finish its execution, which never happens because the command itself spawns an ssh interactive shell.

You can verify this in multiple ways, for example by hitting Ctrl+D, by typing exit and hitting Enter or by opening another terminal instance and running:

pkill -15 -x ssh

As you can see, terminating the ssh instance by any mean will let the command substitution finish its execution, finally letting the echo command run on its output, which in this case is nothing.


Wifi didn't connect after ugrade kernel 3.11.0-15-generic

From your description, that you disable and then enable wireless with the key combination with Fn+F11, it sounds as if the wireless is booting up soft-blocked. Let's unblock the wireless on boot and see if it helps. Please open a terminal and do:

gksudo gedit /etc/rc.local

Right above the line 'exit 0'  add one new line:

rfkill unblock all

Proofread, save and close gedit. Now does your wireless connect on boot?


Evolution mail - backup readable and searchable

I do not consider this option as ideal, so feel free to comment or answer and get the honor of being the accepted answer. This does however offer me a more convenient solution compared to the options I noted above; which is why I am answering my own question now.

Copying both the Inbox and the Sent items to a dedicated folder inside "On This Computer" allows for easy accessibility and a genuine local copy of the emails. Thus allowing me to have the same accessibility and search-ability with respect to the regular mailbox, even after deleting them from the server.

The reason why this is not ideal is that both mailboxes are not automatically synched, that is it is not trivial until where the emails are in the locally stored folder and until where they are still on the server. In other words this approach still involves manual labor.


How to Access Ubuntu files, while running from live cd

This is due to the way Linux based systems handle file permissions.

To solve it, instead of editing the file directly, type gksudo gedit /path/to/file in a terminal, edit and save it. Ctrl+Alt+T is a handy shortcut to open terminal.

To get the full path to file, when you open it in Nautilus (the file browser in your first screenshot), select the file, and press Ctrl+L. You will see the full path selected in location bar. Replace /path/to/file with the path you see in location bar.

It will very likely be /media/ubuntu/some-long-hexadecimal-string/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf

Note that gksudo should be used carefully. Improper usage has the potential to cause irreparable damage. I advise you to read about the following concepts before attempting to use gksudo by yourself in future.

Users and Groups in Linux
File system permissions, chmod,chown
Previlege escalation, sudo, gksudo


In my case, the problem happened because my long description was wrong typed. You just can't add \n (manually or pressing Enter) in the long description of the app... D:


How do I upgrade Ubuntu in WSL? Getting some kind of connection error

As @bengt-olsson points out above, this should be fixed in the 2018 spring release, arriving "soon" :)

Also note: Upgrading a Linux distro beyond the latest version offered in the Windows Store may result in failures because the newer code may use syscalls that the WSL team have not yet implemented.

If you want a stable experience, we recommend you NOT upgrade beyond the supported distro version published in the Windows Store. We work with the distro vendors to help test and certify new distro releases, and the vendors will upgrade their distros when ready.


Gnome3 shows old icons for Network Manager

Unless you are running the GNOME Shell, you will see the old icon, and this is a known problem that will probably be fixed by GNOME 3.2.


How to restore log-out screen using terminal

Enter the following into a terminal

sudo apt-get remove mbuntu-lightdm-v3


Extracting file from variable in a script file

Observe that the echo command here shows only one file:

$ ls
file1.c  file2.c  file3.c  file4.c
$ src=(*.c)
$ echo $src
file1.c

If you want to access all the elements of an array, you must use a more complex form:

$ echo "${src[@]}"
file1.c file2.c file3.c file4.c

Thus, replace:

for j in $SRC

with:

for j in "${SRC[@]}"

The form "${SRC[@]}" is safe to use even if the file names contain whitespace or other difficult characters

Additional notes

It is best practices to use lower or mixed-case names for your shell variables.  The system uses upper case names for its variables and you don't want to accidentally overwrite one of them.  Thus, it is good practice to use, for example, Src or src in place of SRC.
As steeldriver suggests, place this command at the beginning of your script:

shopt -s nullglob

With nullglob set, the SRC array will be empty if there are no .c files.


How to Upgrade 16.04 Linux Kernel to 4.5?

You can install any kernel to any version of Ubuntu from Mainline Kernel PPA

The 4.5 kernel will not be included in Ubuntu repositories.


User accounts normally appears as part of the System Settings (System Settings > User Accounts).

To open it specifically from command line, you have to add either the command:

gnome-control-center user-accounts

or

unity-control-center user-accounts

on Ubuntu 14.04, or

unity-control-center user-accounts

on 15.04+

to Startup Applications.


php version in apt - does it correspond to version on php.net and if not how to upgrade to latest release

If you really need the latest releases then I would download them directly on launchpad, or adding the development ppa to my source list.

php on lauchpad


Write permissions not allowed on my USB key

The device is mounted readonly, which will override any file permissions on the mountpoint or the files on the device. However you are mounting it (manually, automatically, with a daemon, etc) you'll need to adjust the settings to not mount it readonly.


I think you got the path wrong - it's etc not ect.

In Ubuntu, there is a default version of the .bashrc file in the /etc/skel/ directory, so if you have problems with it you can restore it.

To do so follow the next steps:

Backup your current .bashrc file:

cp ~/.bashrc ~/.bashrc.bak

Copy the skeleton .bashrc file over yours:

cp /etc/skel/.bashrc ~/

Afterwards, load the new one:

source ~/.bashrc


Fine i made a clean install.

The problem is i deleted a old linux-kernel used by libc-dev in an autoremove
command.

now i locked the kernel to prevent update.

If there is any better work around please let me know


is there a way to set handbrake to eject the tray after ripping a dvd?

HandBrake does not support and is not going to support ejecting optical disks.

So I can imagine two “Linux”1 ways to achieve this:

Download HandBrake source, add the feature and build HandBrake yourself.
Use HandBrake from the command line and add the eject command when HandBrake finishes successfully. Pseudocode:

handbrake <parameters> && eject

1 Both the mentioned ways are also achievable on non-Linux OSes like macOS or Windows.