FireFTP Plugin in Firefox Stopped Working Suddenly

The latest report from the Reviews page of the FireFTP plugin on Mozilla's website says that the latest version is broken. I rolled back to the last version from 2015 and was operational again. Here's how:

Click your Addons button in FF.
Click Extensions. If you have FireFTP added there, remove it and restart FF. You can leave FireFTP button if you have that installed.
Click your Addons button in FF.
Search for FireFTP.
You'll see a little blue link that says More at the end of the FireFTP plugin description. Click it.
Search for a Reviews link on the Rating. Click it.
In the sidebar, click the FireFTP hyperlink above the author's name.
Scroll down to the bottom and a collapsed section will say Version Information. Expand it by clicking the button on it.
Click "See complete version history".
Scroll down to the last known good version that you want. For me, that was November 2015 and Version 2.0.26. Click the white space to the right of the version description and a green Install button appears. Click Add to Firefox, then after downloading, click Install. Wait until you get a Restart Now dialog that pops up. Click it.
Upon restart, when you click to load FireFTP (I use the FireFTP button extension to do that), it works like it used to do.
Now you may want to turn off the auto-update feature for now until this FireFTP bug is fixed. To do so, click the Addons button to open it.
Click Extensions.
You'll see a gear icon button with a popdown menu for it. Click that.
Uncheck Update Addons Automatically. Now, this isn't the recommended way to keep your browser settings, because automatic update is more secure, but will work for now until this bug is fixed.


Can't horizontally split the screen with GNOME 3

https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/mutter/issues/579 shows it's a requested feature not yet implemented directly in GNOME3.

However, there's an extension for GNOME, gTile, which gets you there, as illustrated in https://www.addictivetips.com/ubuntu-linux-tips/tiling-windows-in-gnome-shell/ with its Manual Tiling option. Switch to an app then manually redraw its tile for its horizontal slice (top or bottom). Switch to another app, and manually redraw its tile.  gTile looks at the grid drawing and scales apps accordingly.

tilingnome also allows you do do this and also offers horizontal layouts.


How would I boot into the Ubuntu and Windows recovery modes if I removed the options to do so from the Grub menu?

To start Ubuntu in Recovery Mode

You can do so from the Grub menu.

1 - Show the menu

If the menu is displayed during boot, the automatic countdown may be
stopped by pressing any key other than the Enter key.
If the menu is not normally displayed during boot, hold down the
Shift key as the computer attempts to boot to display the GRUB 2
menu. In certain circumstances, if holding the Shift key method does
not display the menu pressing the Esc key repeatedly may display the
menu.

2 - Edit the menu

With the menu displayed, press any key (except Enter) to halt the
countdown timer and select the Ubuntu entry with the up/down arrow
keys.
Press the E key to edit that entry's settings.

Note: Do not use Enter to move between lines.
Delete the line that looks something like set gfxpayload=$linux_gfx_mode
Go to the line that starts with linux and delete everything after ro. (In my case, that would mean to delete quiet splash vt.handoff=7.)
Now, append the following to the line (after ro): recovery nomodeset

The final line looks like this for me: linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-19-generic root=UUID=74d6aa6a-5170-4a36-b5b8-72e9c3db3989 ro recovery nomodeset
When that's done, hit CTRL-X to boot with the temporarily changed settings.

Note: Edits made to the menu in this manner are non-persistent. They remain in effect only for the current boot.
Ubuntu will now load in Recovery mode.

More info on editing the Grub menu during boot can be found here.

To start Windows in Safe Mode

This is actually really simple.

Select Windows from the Grub menu.
Once your selection is made, repeatedly hit F8 until a menu appears.
From here, you will be able to choose which mode to start Windows in, such as Safe Mode or Command Prompt.


nfs share in /etc/fstab doesn't mount on startup

D'oh - as simple as changing noauto to auto in /etc/fstab


Multimedia keys stop working when you restart Spotify app

In Ubuntu 18.04 using the snap version of Spotify the media keys work out of the box, except that Chrome is a little greedy and captures these keys (presumably to control YouTube content and the like).
The good news is that this can be disabled by going to chrome://flags/#hardware-media-key-handling.
After doing so the media key events will pass-through to Spotify again.
The original solution was from here.


The offending process is kworker, due to ACPI interrupts... The following resolves it:

sudo -i
echo disable > /sys/firmware/acpi/interrupts/gpe06 2>/dev/null
exit

Also, see Why does kworker cpu usage get so high? for a more complete solution.


Use accents with Japanese keyboard layout in Kubuntu

Since Japanese keyboards use a QWERTY layout just as in the US and UK layouts, it should be possible to use multiple key combinations to type French characters such as é (as used in your name). This was achieved using the key combination Compose then e then '.
Special Characters from Linux Keyboard

RightWindows key latches then press keys in sequence using shift where necessary for correct symbol.

A more complete list is reproduced below. I have assigned Right Win as the Compose key to achieve this.


12.04 not detecting Apple Wireless Keyboard

Try holding down the power button on the side of the keyboard and after a while it should enter pairing mode (blinking green light) during which it should become visible.

You may have difficulties trying to share the apple wireless keyboard between Windows and Ubuntu boots, as the keyboard remembers which computer+OS it is paired with. I have set it up to work with OSX and Ubuntu and the process tends to work better if you pair the keyboard with Ubuntu first. To get it to work with both Ubuntu and OSX I also had to follow the suggestion here to make sure they used the same link keys (to avoid having to repair it each time I switched boots),

Leif Huhn (leif-dkstat) wrote on 2013-01-16

but I don't know if this applies to Windows as well. Hope this helps
in some way.


Flash doesn't work in firefox after upgrade Kubuntu to 14.10

You could maybe try install flash player again and pepper teacup by typing in the terminal:

 sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8

 sudo apt-get update

 sudo apt-get install freshplayerplugin

and it might work fine this way.


Try this :

#!/bin/bash
for (( ; ; ))
do
    IP="$(
        curl -s http://whatismijnip.nl |cut -d " " -f 5
    )"
    #
    JSONSTRING='{"id":"dfa4ae7f9d7b99745a6a09e40c12b7f5","type":"A","name":"ts.javelcraft.com","content":"'$IP'","proxiable":true,"proxied":false,"ttl":1,"locked":false,"zone_id":"fc4a89d0f0a71df7969d3f6d32ef5c61","zone_name":"javelcraft.com","created_on":"0000-00-00T00:00:00.000000Z","modified_on":"0000-00-00T00:00:00.000000Z","data":{}}'
    #
    curl -X PUT "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/fc4a89d0f0a71df7969d3f6d32ef5c61/dns_records/dfa4ae7f9d7b99745a6a09e40c12b7f5"
        -H "Content-Type:application/json"
        -H "X-Auth-Key: U Dont Have To Know This"
        -H "X-Auth-Email:theshark556@gmail.com"
        -d $JSONSTRING

    # PRINT PRETTY JSON FORMAT
    echo $JSONSTRING | python -mjson.tool
done
pause


If your monitor does not support the wide screen resolution of 1366x768 you will not be able to set that resolution. You can likely set your laptop to use the 1024x768 though.

If it is a wide screen monitor then you should be able to set that resolution in:

system settings > displays

If you do not have that resolution then the system is not identifying the external monitor properly.


Is it safe to use Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS on lenovo devices?

Currently there are no known issues with Ubuntu Xenial Xerus (16.04) or any other supported Ubuntu release besides Artful Aardvark (17.10) that make usually innocuous functions result in damage that you cannot undo with a full system reinstallation. The issue with Artful will likely be resolved in a week or two.

Of course, all Ubuntu distributions, just like any other good operating system, still contain more than enough means to shoot yourself in the foot and brick your computer if you do idiotic things with them.


Most of the time, deleting the folders is not good enough and is not the typical way of uninstalling stuff, however, the way this stuff was installed was not typical as well.

You may find some information in a README file if there was one included with the stuff you downloaded. Review all the instructions to see if you can find anything about un-installation.

If not, go ahead and try to delete all the files that you know of that are associated with this application and take it as a lesson learned.

As a noob, be careful not to delete important system files on accident!

If you get a permission denied message when trying to delete files, use the following command to open nano with superuser permission, again, be careful!

gksudo nautilus

Thanks for posting the contents of the directory.

Based on what you posted, the following command should delete at least one of the files that were installed:

sudo rm "$(sudo find / -name libffmpegsumo.so 2>&1 | grep libffmpegsumo)"

Here is another one:

sudo rm "$(sudo find / -name *opcorn*ime* 2>&1 | grep *opcorn*ime*)"

and this one as well:

sudo rm "$(sudo find / -name nw.pak 2>&1 | grep nw.pak)"

Ignore the "permission denied" messages for gvfs.


Cannot mount Android phone and sync with Banshee

I don't know about the empty .is_audio_player file.

I have had a DROID and a DROID 2 Global and successfully synced ~10GB of music, both with the .is_audio_file in the root of the sdcard and the following contents:

audio_folders=data/Audio,amazonmp3/,media/,DCIM/
folder_depth=2
output_formats=application/ogg,audio/x-ms-wma,audio/mpeg,video/mp4,audio/x-aac,audio/aac,video/H263,video/H264,video/x-ms-wmv,audio/x-wav,audio/x-realaudio,audio/x-flac,audio/x-wavpack,audio/aacp,audio/x-musepack,audio/amr,audio/midi

I found the keys for these three settings in the source of either Banshee or Rhythmbox.  The folder depth is how many folders are created under the first audio_folder path when syncing.  So, for instance, this will give you data/Audio/Artist/Album/Song.mp3  If you were to change this to something like 8, you'd get data/Audio/A/r/t/i/s/t.... or something similar.  I know, because my initial setting was 99 (I thought it was search depth).

Having amazonmp3 in the audio_folders path may cause Banshee to delete those mp3s, so be sure to pull them to the computer either manually or through Banshee before syncing.


How to customise one session for dual monitors, and another for single monitors?

I use two scripts for using my notebook-monitor or an external monitor. Maybe you can use them as a starting point.

Note: My notebook has a nvidia graphic card, so i have to use disper instead of xrandr.

Script to switch to the external monitor and set gnome-panel to monitor 1:

#!/bin/sh
disper --displays=auto -e
lines=`disper -l|wc -l`

display_count=$((lines / 2))

if [ $display_count = 1 ] ; then

   gconftool-2 \
        --set "/apps/panel/toplevels/top_panel_screen0/monitor" \
        --type integer "0"
   disper -s
else
   gconftool-2 \
        --set "/apps/panel/toplevels/top_panel_screen0/monitor" \
        --type integer "1"
   disper -S

fi

Second script to switch back to Notebook-monitor:

#!/bin/sh
 disper -s
 gconftool-2 \
        --set "/apps/panel/toplevels/top_panel_screen0/monitor" \
        --type integer "0"


vmware error after upgrade to ubuntu 16.04

Update: Note that while some indicate that VMWare version 12.1.1-3770994
  fixes
  the issue - excellent for you! - unfortunately, this is not the case
  for me. I am running 12.1.1-3770994
  and still having the problem as per my answer.

I suspect this is a Secure Boot issue. 16.04 now enforces module signatures and the the VMWare modules built by the VMWare installer (vmnet and vmmon) are not signed.

See here for info on the 16.04 change.

See here for a similar problem with VirtualBox.

You can test this by running modprobe manually:

sudo modprobe vmnet

You should see a "Required key not available" error or similar.

Two options:

Disable Secure Boot in your BIOS.
Manually sign your modules. See here for info on how to do this.

I'm unsure if VMWare will provide some mechanism for building this into the install procedure (will keep an eye on the VMWare forums...).

For me, I've had to disable Secure Boot for now as my BIOS does not seem to want to install my MOK (Module owned Key) key.

I'll keep you posted if I learn anything more.

Cheers,
Daniel


Ubuntu fail to start on a dual boot with Windows 7 on Vaio

Download Boot Repair and run it, it will restore your grub file. For more details see: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair.

Additional reference: i cant find grub page in my laptop


Choose a font among all possible and install it

Try Simple font preview.

  A simple tool to view and compare fonts installed on your system. It
  has currently following features,

  A list of all fonts available (the left pane)
  A list of font previews (the right pane)
  Configurable preview text and font size
  Configurable foreground and background colors used in the preview    pane

To install Simple font preview

Another way is to use Gnome font viewer, but you have to have the fonts available locally, and you can view them on at a time.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo gnome-font-viewer <path-to-font-file>

That will open a window that allows you to view the font, and install it if you like it.

Source:Ubuntu Apps


There is no code for Bohemia because Bohemia is a not a country, but a historical region which is currently part of the Czech Republic.
BO is the two-letter ISO code for Bolivia (in South America)
The ISO country code for Bolivia (BO) is 68, which is 0x44 in hex.

There is no regdomain (regulatory domain) code for Bolivia; that is a proprietary specification introduced by Atheros and most cards use the wildcard 0x00


I am not aware of a way to configure Chromium to start with a particular window size directly.  However, you can do this via your window manager configuration, or using a window manipulation tool such as maximus.

For example, our kiosk OS (which is based on Ubuntu) has an option to open all application windows full screen.  To do this, we use the Compiz "Window Rules" plugin and set the "Maximized" window match to "type=Normal | type=Unknown" (this makes non-application windows such as dialogs open normally).  We also disable decorations for these windows using the "Decoration" plugin.

There's more than one way to do it, though.  For example, you could use the Maximus program.  This is a separate utility that runs alongside the window manager and maximizes application windows when they are created.

I suggest reading through some of the answers to the question "How to configure my system so that all windows start maximized?", one of which includes more detailed instructions for configuring Compiz as I've described here.

Of course, if you used our free web-based configuration tool this would just take a click to configure. ;)

Good luck!


Deja Dup backup, change use of /tmp to another folder/location

The above solution works, but is generally not a really good option if you just want to change the tmp-Folder of the deja-dup process!
Also I wouldn't sacrifice tmpfs because of this issue.

Since deja-dup uses duplicity as its backend to make the actual backup, the problem has to be solved for duplicity.
Duplicity uses the environmental variable TMPDIR which normally points to /tmp

To change the location of the TMPDIR for duplicity (deja-dup), simply open the terminal and run:

TMPDIR=/othervolume/otherfolder
export TMPDIR
deja-dup-preferences


If you are using the same computer you are probably safe but don't replace /etc/fstab, you want to use your new system partitions, not the old ones.

If this is a different system all hardware-related files (like hdparm.conf, sane.d) could cause trouble.

If you just want to transfer a couple of settings (like printers and network config) it's probably wiser to only copy the files and dirs that you want to keep.


Mass-change encoding of files/directories

The iconv program reads in text in one encoding and outputs the text in
       another encoding.  If no input files are given, or if it is given as  a
       dash (-), iconv reads from standard input.  If no output file is given,
       iconv writes to standard output.

   If no from-encoding is given, the default is derived from  the  current
   locale's  character  encoding.  If no to-encoding is given, the default
   is derived from the current locale's character encoding.

iconv is likely part of your default Ubuntu installation. You can confirm it's installed with the command which iconv the output will be the location of the program which in my case is /usr/bin/iconv

If for some reason you don't have it you can install it sudo apt-get install libc-bin

It seems that iconv is also available in OSX.

If you don't know the existing encoding you could try file -i filename for Ubuntu or file -I filename for OSX which should provided metadata including encoding.

Example:

$file -i netflix-backtrace.txt
netflix-backtrace.txt: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

Sources:

man iconv

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/64860/best-way-to-convert-text-files-between-character-sets

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/805418/how-to-find-encoding-of-a-file-in-unix-via-scripts


What is the difference between curl and wget?

After you've defined "proper use", use wget.

Why? That's why:

Recursive! wget's major strong side compared to curl is its ability to download recursively, or even just download everything that is referred to from a remote resource, be it a HTML page or a FTP directory listing.

Shameless copied from here

curl

library. curl is powered by libcurl – a cross-platform library with a stable API that can be used by each and everyone. This difference is major since it creates a completely different attitude on how to do things internally. It is also slightly harder to make a library than a "mere" command line tool.
pipes. curl works more like the traditional Unix cat command, it sends more stuff to stdout, and reads more from stdin in a "everything is a pipe" manner. wget is more like cp, using the same analogue.
Single shot. curl is basically made to do single-shot transfers of data. It transfers just the URLs that the user specifies, and does not contain any recursive downloading logic nor any sort of HTML parser.
More protocols. curl supports FTP, FTPS, Gopher, HTTP, HTTPS, SCP, SFTP, TFTP, TELNET, DICT, LDAP, LDAPS, FILE, POP3, IMAP, SMB/CIFS, SMTP, RTMP and RTSP. Wget only supports HTTP, HTTPS and FTP.
More portable. curl builds and runs on lots of more platforms than wget. For example: OS/400, TPF and other more "exotic" platforms that aren't straight-forward Unix clones.
More SSL libraries and SSL support. curl can be built with one out of eleven (11!) different SSL/TLS libraries, and it offers more control and wider support for protocol details. curl supports public key pinning.
HTTP auth. curl supports more HTTP authentication methods, especially over HTTP proxies: Basic, Digest, NTLM and Negotiate
SOCKS. curl supports several SOCKS protocol versions for proxy access
Bidirectional. curl offers upload and sending capabilities. wget only offers plain HTTP POST support.
HTTP multipart/form-data sending, which allows users to do HTTP "upload" and in general emulate browsers and do HTTP automation to a wider extent
curl supports gzip and inflate Content-Encoding and does automatic decompression
curl offers and performs decompression of Transfer-Encoded HTTP, wget doesn't
curl supports HTTP/2 and it does dual-stack connects using Happy Eyeballs
Much more developer activity. While this can be debated, I consider three metrics here: mailing list activity, source code commit frequency and release frequency. Anyone following these two projects can see that the curl project has a lot higher pace in all these areas, and it has been so for 10+ years. Compare on openhub

wget

wget is command line only. There's no library.
Recursive! wget's major strong side compared to curl is its ability to download recursively, or even just download everything that is referred to from a remote resource, be it a HTML page or a FTP directory listing.
Older. wget has traces back to 1995, while curl can be tracked back no earlier than the end of 1996.
GPL. wget is 100% GPL v3. curl is MIT licensed.
GNU. wget is part of the GNU project and all copyrights are assigned to FSF. The curl project is entirely stand-alone and independent with no organization parenting at all with almost all copyrights owned by Daniel.
wget requires no extra options to simply download a remote URL to a local file, while curl requires -o or -O.
wget supports the Public Suffix List for handling cookie domains, curl does not.
wget supports only GnuTLS or OpenSSL for SSL/TLS support
wget supports only Basic auth as the only auth type over HTTP proxy
wget has no SOCKS support
Its ability to recover from a prematurely broken transfer and continue downloading has no counterpart in curl.
wget can be typed in using only the left hand on a qwerty keyboard!


How to share partition between Windows and Ubuntu?

Instead of trying to access Ubuntu from Windows - why not just access Windows from Ubuntu? Windows support for EXT4 is slim at best - however, Ubuntu (and Linux) can easily read, write, and manipulate NTFS partitions. Simple add your Windows partition to your fstab file so it'll be mounted every time you boot then delete things like Music, Movies, Pictures, etc (Files that you want to share between the two OSes) Then create symlinks to their respective folders in the mounted Windows Partition.

By doing so all your files when saved in Ubuntu will actually be saved on your Windows partition so come the next time you need to reboot into Windows they will be there waiting for you.


Problem installing latest vim on ubuntu 12.10

I am assuming vim works, and you would like a newer version. Therefore, my answer deliberately bypasses the method you are trying to use -- sudo apt-get -- which is fine for most things.

However, the fact you have a message "already at the latest level" is telling me you want a newer version.

I suggest you create a scratch directory under ~ after you log in.

1) mkdir vim_install

2) Then download the latest *nix version of vim -- The runtime and source files together: vim-##.tar.bz2 vim-7.3.tar.bz2 -- and unpack it in vim_install. A directory vim73 should be created.

3) Follow the instructions in vim73/README.txt. Almost immediately, you'll be told to read another README that corresponds to your architecture/OS.

4) At some point you'll build and/or distribute as root.

I've done this on several Linux systems we have in production, and downloading vim has never caused a problem for anything else I have installed, because it is built from its sources to run compatibly with your Linux system.


My ISP imposes SMTP restrictions on outgoing mail, is it possible to configure a system wide SMTP address?

This worked for me:

Open up /etc/postfix/main.cf
Replace relayhost = by relayhost = relay.your-isp.com where relay.your-isp.com is your ISP's SMTP server.


Ubuntu succefully installed, reboot, then nothing

Might be a good idea to remove the flash disk after installation is complete, otherwise the machine will just keep hitting that first.


What are Ubuntu One's security measures?

From the Ubuntu One FAQ :

  What security and privacy policies does Ubuntu One have?

  Data transmission - We use both SSL and secure certificates to deliver Ubuntu One services in a secure manner. Secure certificates ensure that you are communicating with Ubuntu One and SSL encrypts the transmission of all subscriber data. This data include files, notes, and all other data backed-up and synchronized through your personal cloud. SSL is good enough for banks so it should be good enough for us.

  To authenticate the desktop software, we use oauth. This means that the desktop has a token that passes to the server to validate it. This enables subscribers to authenticate many computers independently and remove access from any one machine just by going to the Ubuntu One website.

  We do not store your files encrypted in our data storage since we need them unencrypted in order to send them to the people you choose to share with. If you are concerned about storing your files unencrypted in the Ubuntu One cloud, you could always store the files already encrypted so Ubuntu One never sees the plain text files. Doing so may prevent the proper functionality of some Ubuntu One features such as multiple computer synchronization, web browser access, and sharing with others.

  Additional details can be found in the Ubuntu One Terms of Service and Privacy Policy.

  Personal data - Ubuntu One uses the Ubuntu Single Sign On service for user authentication. Please refer to the Ubuntu Privacy Policy for details on data security and retention.


Apache2 always opens the default website on localhost

Two ways to fix the problem.

1. Use an Alias

With this method you only have one virtual host file and define an alias for your secondary site. An Alias will point to a different directory when you specify the Alias in the url. In this case the url: localhost/grafana will take you to your grafana site.

A simplified version of your virtual host files would look like

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    ServerName localhost

    DocumentRoot /var/www/defaultSite

    <Directory /var/www/defaultSite>
            Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
            AllowOverride All
            Order allow,deny
            allow from all
    </Directory>

    Alias /grafana  /path/to/grafana
    <Directory /path/to/grafana>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

</VirtualHost>

2. Separate virtual host file and edit client hosts file

You can also define different virtual hosts files and use the ServerName parameter to decide which one to serve. In this configuration Apache looks at the hostname part of the url. So you need to change the client so that you can use a different url to get to it. So you would have two virtual host files like the one above MINUS the Alias stuff. In the default site the ServerName would be localhost and for the grafana site the ServerName would be grafana

Then on your client (which is also the server here) you need to edit /etc/hosts and add the line:

127.0.0.1    grafana

Now the url http://grafana will point to localhost. Apache will know to use the virtual host file that uses grafana as the ServerName and the correct site will be served.

I prefer the Alias method because it is so easy to add a new one at any time. The clients do not need to be edited to access the site.

However the ServerName option make the url a little cleaner, but every client needs to have their hosts file updated.


blk_update_request: I/O error, dev fd0, sector 0

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/282845/blk-update-request-i-o-error-dev-fd0-sector-0

Your device doesn't have a floppy drive, but the floppy driver module is installed, so you have /dev/fd0, and many things will try to use it.

sudo rmmod floppy
echo "blacklist floppy" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-floppy.conf
sudo dpkg-reconfigure initramfs-tools


You need to remove the multiple medibuntu entries with the following command:

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu*


"Not a git repository" message on startup

Ok, the problem was the following alias in my .zshrc:

alias git-clear="git branch -d $(git branch --merged)"

where I replaced double quotes with single ones, and everything became ok.

Many thanks to @muru and @Jakuje for helping me to figure that out!


See this link :-

http://www.howtogeek.com/189995/how-to-manage-startup-applications-in-ubuntu-14.04/

It shows how to manage startup application in ubuntu.


"Activation of network connection failed" for wired connection, even though it works in interim (18.04)

IP addresses don't appear automagically: they need a DHCP server to work reliably under all circumstances.

The IPV6 protocol allows for SLAAC to assign a temporary IP address, but the real solution is to install a DHCP server  on your machine and your colleague running Arch probably has one running.

As to your questions: 1 and 2 are interconnected "Link-Local only" forces SLAAC to be used and to bypass the DHCP server even if there would be one.


If you have not upgraded this computer in several years I believe Your best option to improve boot performance would be to backup your system data, and perform a compleat system upgrade to the current “Long Term Support” Ubuntu 14.04 LTS version. If indeed your computers has an Intel i7 processor and 8Gb of ram you should be seeing some pretty spectacular performance results.


"WhosThere" app is not installing in Ubuntu 13.04

Edit the file with your favorite text editor (with root) :

gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list.d/m-gehre-ppa-raring.list

Change "raring" to "quantal" as following :

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/m-gehre/ppa/ubuntu quantal main

Then install whosthere

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install whosthere

Please note that the package development is discontinued.


Internal microphone doesn't work on an Acer Aspire 1410

I fixed this issue as follows:

Install GNOME Alsa Mixer from Ubuntu Software Center
Uncheck inverted Internal Mic.


Why do I have an "Impossible to get exclusive lock" error when upgrading?

There is probably another app running on your system that is updating your software. This could be apt-get in a terminal, aptitude in a terminal, the Update Manager or even the Ubuntu Sofware Center. Close all of those and then try upgrading to Ubuntu 12.10 again.

If this doesn't work, the really fastest way to solve your problem is to log out and in again.

Il y a probablement une autre application en train de faire des mises à jour. Cela peut être apt-get dans un terminal, aptitude dans un terminal, le Gestionnaire de Mises à Jour ou encore la Logithèque Ubuntu. Ferme les toutes puis réessaie de faire la mise à niveau vers Ubuntu 12.10.

Le moyen le plus brutal mais aussi le plus rapide est de fermer ta session puis de te reconnecter.


After installing cinnamon, left with nemo (which doesn't show a global menu)

To install Nautilus, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nautilus

You can run this command in Terminal to show the default app for folder:

xdg-mime query default inode/directory

Then do this to make Nautilus the default file manager

xdg-mime default nautilus.desktop inode/directory application/x-gnome-saved-search
xdg-open $HOME

To install Nemo File Manager in Ubuntu by itself, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gwendal-lebihan-dev/cinnamon-stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nemo

Install Extra plugins for Nemo File Manager, First add PPA from above then install:

sudo apt-get install nemo-compare nemo-dropbox nemo-fileroller nemo-pastebin nemo-seahorse nemo-share

Source:Ubuntu Updates


Unable to write to folder after mounted as read/write

I worked around this adding dmode to the mount options for the affected folder

data1    /home/user/samba/data1    vboxsf  rw,uid=1234,gid=1234,dmask=000,dmode=777

Still not clear why it happens when all things being equal


How to connect dlink dwm156 on ubuntu 12.04lts?

If you have installed Windows then boot in Windows and then conect and use your data card then restart and boot into ubuntu , now it will detect your card if it doesnt then go to the next step.

If you have access to GSM mobile(or GSM Modem) with cheap GPRS plan, then connect your mobile to Ubuntu through Network Manager and install WVDIAL. I have never experienced any difficulty with GSM Modem when connecting to Internet through Network Manager.Press Ctrl+Alt+t for terminal and write the following commands:

For installing Wvdial;

sudo apt-get install wvdial

For Opening wvdial config:

gedit /etc/wvdial.conf

and write your datacard info like this for relience:

[Dialer Defaults]
Init1 = ATZ
Init2 = ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
Stupid Mode = 1
Modem Type = USB Modem
ISDN = 0
Phone = #777
New PPPD = yes
Modem = /dev/ttyUSB0(cud be anything based on where u plugin ur usb dongle)
Username = 7*********
Password = 7*********
CBaud = 46080

Delete all the comments in the brackets . The fields you should edit are Modem , Username and password the only ones with comment . Save and exist .restart your PC and open terminal and write

sudo wvdial

for connecting to internet.


Wubi install fail because of "substring not found"

Here is the failure (reference):

command = [bcdedit, '/create', '/d', '%s' % self.info.distro.name, '/application', 'bootsector']
id = run_command(command)
id = id[id.index('{'):id.index('}')+1]

So basically it's running the command:

bcdedit /create /d Ubuntu /application bootsector

which is supposed to add an entry to the Windows Boot Manager (BCD Store) for Ubuntu and return a response that contains the GUID for the entry e.g.

{2e05fa55-5f6e-11e2-a7cc-95d88d2d9736}

But it seems that the command fails. The third line is the line outputting that error ValueError: substring not found.

So I'd begin by exploring why you can't add an entry to the BCD store.


System language; does it limit app availability in the built-in Ubuntu app program?

No, the selected display language does not affect which applications that are available.

Indeed, everything isn't translated to Danish (no language is 100% translated), and untranslated strings will be shown in English.

For guidance on how to change it, please look here.


Dropbox asks Authentication is needed to run `/usr/sh' as the super user

Answer

If Dropbox finds files in its folder that aren't owned by your user, it will try to run a script with super user privileges to change the ownership of those files to your user.

If you click Cancel, Dropbox won't run the script but you'll continue to get the popup because it will continue to detect the problem.

If you're able to confirm it is Dropbox causing the popup, then the solution is to enter your credentials and let it run the script. More details below.

Details

I just got this same popup, but not at login:

I expanded Details and then I searched the web for org.freedesktop.policykit.exec which pointed me to pkexec.

Looking through my processes for pkexec, I found:

$ ps -ef | grep [p]kexec
root     11040 26447  0 14:16 ?        00:00:00 pkexec /bin/sh /tmp/tmp5vgk_93m

So of course I was curious what that file was doing:

$ cat /tmp/tmp5vgk_93m
#!/bin/bash
chown -h -R 1234 "/home/user/Dropbox"
chmod  -R u+rwX "/home/user/Dropbox"

It looks like Dropbox must have detected that there are some files in my Dropbox folder that aren't owned by my current user.

I used find to confirm:

$ find ~/Dropbox \! -uid 1234
/home/user/Dropbox/Projects/picodrive/cpu/fame/famec.o
/home/user/Dropbox/Projects/picodrive/cpu/drc/cmn.o
/home/user/Dropbox/Projects/picodrive/cpu/cz80/cz80.o
...

Sure enough, looks like some of the files aren't owned by my user:

$ ls -l /home/user/Dropbox/Projects/picodrive/cpu/fame/famec.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1346564 Dec 18 13:33 /home/user/Dropbox/Projects/picodrive/cpu/fame/famec.o

In theory Dropbox shouldn't have any problem syncing that file since it's world-readable, but at least what they're doing makes sense.

I also noticed that while Dropbox was syncing I saw errors like this, which seems to be an additional confirmation:

Can't sync "famec.o" (access denied)

Last but not least, I'm going to put this here because I had trouble searching the web for this problem:

Authentication is needed to run `/bin/sh' as the super user


my iptables not work and don't block any ip

Your iptables rules are working and blocking all ports for the machine 66.85.48.9.

You can verify that the machine's IP is blocked by testing specific services and ports such as ssh for port 22, ftp for port 21, or telnet 66.85.48.9 80 to test the default web page port.  In the telnet command replace the 66.85.48.9 with the the IP of your IP Server.

Your command doesn't block ping request.  Use this rule to block the ping request of your other machine:

$ sudo iptables -A INPUT -s 66.85.48.9 -p icmp -j DROP

Note:
Since from your output, you are running the Apache2 service, you can verify that access to if for machine 66.85.48.9 is blocked by your current rule.

Rules for Preventing udp flooding

In this example you can block udp from all sources while providing access to the desired source, such as your DNS server... in this example, Google's DNS servers are permitted.  Use the same method to allow access from any other IP you wish to allow.

# allow dns requests to google nameservers
iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 -d 8.8.8.8 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 -d 8.8.4.4 -j ACCEPT

# block all other udp
iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp -j DROP
ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p udp -j DROP


You should try downloading and testing with either ubuntu 12.04 or 12.10. Every new version fixes bugs and problems, so it is quite likely that the problem you've run into is fixed in a newer version of Ubuntu.

Try ubuntu 12.04 LTS If you are looking for long-term support (for servers, corporate environment, etc), or ubuntu 12.10 if you are looking for a more up-to-date version going forward.


distribution update made my close/minimize/maximize window buttons diappear

I can think of 2 tools that might help you: GNOME Tweak Tool and gconf-editor.

Both are available for free in the Software Center, and once their installed, you can open them by Alt-F2 and then typing their names.

GNOME Tweak Tool is the simplest one to use.

In gconf-editor, the settings for the close, maximize, minimize buttons are under:

  apps → metacity → general

I can't guarantee this will help, but it might at least point you to the right direction.


Copy files from a server via ssh to dropbox.

Here is a better option, a SHELL script that will allow you to upload/download/delete files from the terminal;

https://github.com/andreafabrizi/Dropbox-Uploader

Tested and works just great.


Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Takes Me Back to the Install Screen After Installing Via USB

After install ubuntu reject your USB stcick and  then restart. Unplug USB flash drive after ubuntu installation complete


Anyone get DOOM 3 audio working properly with Ubuntu 10.04?

Try change the driver to OSS, perhaps like this (sorry I can't verify this command atm):

doom3 +set s_driver oss

Also check that nothing else is using the sound card, like a music player?


IS sensors command from lm-sensos able to find all the internal and external sensor devices?

lmsensors is not magical - it can only detect built-in sensors that it learns about from interrogating the hardware.

"external" add-on sensors on GPIO won't be known to the hardware -- so additional code will be needed to read and interpret that input. Sorry.


How to login into a Ubuntu machine from Windows

I recommed to use SSH if you need terminal access.

Install openssh-server on Ubuntu machine.

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

Or you can find under software center.

To connect from a Windows machine, download putty from HERE. and install under windows.
Open putty and type in the Host Name or IP address for the Ubuntu machine.

Type your username and password and login

That is all :)


You may be missing the dosfstools package.

To install:

 sudo apt-get install dosfstools

You shouldn't have to reboot in order to mount, but if it doesn't work right after installing, try rebooting.


Ok, I got the answer to this. (New to Linux!)

I needed to install the MPI library.

The requisite command was:

sudo apt-get install libcr-dev mpich2 mpich2-doc

Then, going back to the samples directory, I entered:

make

And got the samples to build. Good luck & happy coding!


There were three steps to resolving this issue;

Uninstall the previous likewise-open packages;

apt-get --purge remove likewise-open
Download and install pbis-open;

apt-get install pbis-open
Create and enabled lwsmd.service;

Ubuntu 15.04 join domain problem (pbis)


files duplicated for no reason reappear after deleting?

I ran a scan disk. Many errors were corrected and now my problem is fixed.

I guess it is not entirely safe to work on the same external hard drive with windows and lubuntu.


restoring ubuntu after a failed flash player plugin update

Try following Command one by one in terminal

sudo apt-get update --fix-missing
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get install -f

If this wasn't fix the problem try this

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


How can I recover a deleted disk image file that was made using dd?

Before trying to recover a deleted file, it's most important to not modify the file system anymore, to avoid accidentially overwriting the file you want to undelete. Therefore, shut down the computer, and make a copy (e.g. using dd) of the affected partition. Then, boot from another partition (or a USB stick, CD, whatever you have) and proceed from there.
You can try using xfs_undelete to recover your file.


Yes it seems to fullfill the requirements.

If you want to be sure, you can first Try Ubuntu.

There is an instruction for Ubuntu. It seems a bit different on Kunbutu, but there are the same texts.
You can follow this insctruction.


Boot with a Ubuntu live CD and check your hard drive and review partition table for problems. If the hd had not damage, you can reinstall GRUB to boot your system.  Is there a damage try to save all your data and replace hd.


Retrive contents as files from everpad when sync doesn't work

Try: Copying the following folder into the second user account

/home/username/.everpad


You computer may try to start on the second hard drive (1TB). First, try to update in your BIOS settings if you can move ahead your SSD in the boot order. If not possible, you may have to delete the boot sector on the 1TB hard drive in order to denied the BIOS to boot on it. To archive this, boot on Live USB and use the following command:

# Identify your 1TB hard drive)
sudo fdisk -l
# Remove the boot sector (fill up by zero), replace sdx by the 1TB hard drive
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdx bs=446 count=1

Source


Dual Boot Windows 10 and Linux Ubuntu on Separate Hard Drives

This should work for most systems that use UEFI and which have two HDD.

Specification used for the tutorial below:

Dell Inspiron E5440:

Main HDD - 256GB Samsung SSD (Windows 10 installed)
Secondary HDD - 64GB Transcend mSATA SSD (Mint 18 was installed to this drive)

A) UEFI/BIOS

Set to "UEFI mode only" (no legacy/CSM).
Disable "secure boot"
Disable "Intel Rapid Start" (if equipped)
Disable "fast boot" in UEFI (note this is different than the "fastboot" setting in Windows 8/10). The options in your UEFI/BIOS might say something like Full/Minimal/Automatic for boot mode. Select Full (or thorough, or complete, etc whatever your UEFI vendor has chosen to call it).

B) Advanced Power Options (Fastboot)

Disable fastboot in Windows 8/10 under "advanced power options". Restart computer to ensure that this subsequent boot and the next reboot/shutdown will be in "normal" mode.

  Optional:

  Install Macrium Reflect (free) and create a backup image and reinstallation media should something go wrong with Windows 10.

C) Rufus / Bootable USB stick

Use Rufus to create a bootable USB stick with your choice of Ubuntu based distro. Make sure in Rufus that you CHOOSE the option UEFI/GPT only. This ensures the Linux environment boots only into UEFI mode during your install.

D) Boot Menu

Reboot your computer and press key for one time boot menu (Dell is typically F12). Select your USB stick from the boot options.

  Note:

  Make sure it says UEFI in front of the USB stick in the boot menu.

  If not, return to Windows and recreate your USB stick with Rufus ensuring you choose the UEFI/GPT (only) option.

E) Boot into USB Stick

Boot into Linux live environment and begin install.

F) Installation type

When you get to the installation option, choose "Something else" at the bottom of the Ubiquity installer.

G) Create partitions

Find your secondary HDD that you will be installing Linux to.

In my case it was listed as /dev/sdc (with /dev/sda being the windows drive and /dev/sdb the USB drive [which was invisible in the installer]).

So basically:

+--------------+--------+---------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Device path  | Device | Operating System (OS)     | Visible in Ubiquity installer? |
+--------------+--------+---------------------------+--------------------------------+
| /dev/sda     |  HDD   | Windows 10                | yes                            |
| /dev/sdb     |  USB   | Ubuntu 16.04 (Live Stick) | no                             |
| /dev/sdc     |  HDD   | None                      | yes                            |
+--------------+--------+---------------------------+--------------------------------+

1st Partition / EFI

Select your target drive (in my case /dev/sdc)
Select "Make New Partition Table"
Partition the target drive as follows:

  Size: 650 MB
  Type for the new partition: Primary
  Location for the new partition: Beginning of this space
  Use as: EFI (this will be listed as /dev/sdc1 efi in the partitioning tool once you create it)

2nd Partition / Root

Select "free space" under your target drive (in my case /dev/sdc)
Select "+"
Partition the target drive as follows:

  Size: min. 10 GB (20+GB better)
  Type for the new partition: Primary
  Location for the new partition: Beginning of this space
  Use as: ext4
  Mount point: Choose "/"

3rd Partition / Swap

Select "free space" under your target drive (in my case /dev/sdc)
Select "+"
Partition the target drive as follows:

  Size: min. 2 GB (20+GB better)
  Type for the new partition: Primary
  Location for the new partition: Beginning of this space
  Use as: swap (if you wish to use hibernation, the swap needs to be just slightly larger than your total amount of RAM - example I have 8 GB so the size of this parition was set at 9000 MB)

4th Partition / Home

Select "free space" under your target drive (in my case /dev/sdc)
Select "+"
Partition the target drive as follows:

  Size: remainder of space on drive
  Type for the new partition: Primary
  Location for the new partition: Beginning of this space
  Use as: ext4
  Mount point: Choose "/home"

H) Boot loader Device

BEFORE clicking "Install Now", from the "device for boot loader installation" option button, select the 650MB EFI partition you just created as the target for the bootloader. (example /dev/sdc1 in my case).
Click "Install Now".

I) Installation & Reboot

Finish installation process and reboot (removing the USB stick when your UEFI/BIOS screen logo appears).

J) Upon reboot

After UEFI/BIOS reads the new bootloader entry that Linux has added to it, you will be presented with the grub menu with a listing of your Linux distro as well as a listing to boot Windows 10.

Boot into Linux
Install any updates and then reboot and attempt to enter Windows 10 from the grub menu to make sure that grub correctly handles the hand-off to the Windows 10 bootloader.

What you have done:

You have installed the Linux EFI bootloader to the newly created EFI partition. In the process of this, Linux has added an entry to your UEFI listings in your systems UEFI/BIOS. Linux has also automatically detected your Windows 10 install and added a grub menu item to boot it. Your computer at this point will now automatically boot to Linux unless you choose to boot to Windows (from the Grub menu).

What you have not done:

You have not in any way altered your Windows 10 install or its bootloader or even so much as touched the Windows 10 EFI partition. Everything is reversible simply by removing the Linux UEFI listing from your UEFI/BIOS settings. How to do so varies from each vendor.


No support for in .icon folder in Unity?

I have not used that method before, IMO easiest method of editing icons in your menu is to use alacarte

You can install it with

sudo apt-get install alacarte

You can also put icon sets in ~/.icons and configure Unity to use them with gnome-tweak-tool

You can install it with

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool


Open file using custom command: how to specify the file in cmd line?

Found blog entries about the same problem for Foxit reader and for PDF-XChange Viewer. None of them worked for me. So I edited them and got one tailored for my case:

#!/bin/bash
Filename="z:${1//\//\\}"
wine "C:\Program Files\Tracker Software\PDF Viewer\PDFXCview.exe" $Filename

Save this bash script and open pdf using this script. Now double click pdf files will open them using PDF-XChange Viewer.


CTRL-ALT-L not locking screen Ubuntu 15.04 w/ Gnome

You can set the Keyboard Shourtcut for locking the screen and other operation in the keyboard settings:


It seems you are experiencing this bug.
Looking to the bug description, I guess a possible workaround is to backport the kernel to version 2.6.35.


Unable to install Cisco Packet Tracer 7.3 on Ubuntu 20.04

Had the same issue and fixed it this way:

After installing version 7.2.2 you'll have a /opt/pt folder (if default location was chosen)

In that folder there's a packettracer script that points to

  /opt/pt/bin/PacketTracer7

Running that script I got this error:

./PacketTracer7
./PacketTracer7: error while loading shared libraries: libpng12.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

So I installed that library using this commands (taken from: https://www.linuxuprising.com/2018/05/fix-libpng12-0-missing-in-ubuntu-1804.html)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linuxuprising/libpng12
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libpng12-0

The installation was succesfull and now Packet Tracer run OK.

Hope it helps


libavcodec57 causing major dependency problems with ffmpeg

I ended up using a combination of answers from two different previous posts to sold my problem. The post that was linked as a duplicate led me to this: trying to overwrite '/usr/bin/opencv_haartraining', which is also in package libopencv2.3-bin 2.3.1+svn6514+branch23-12~oneiric . I was able to use the solution listed by the OP, first running

sudo dpkg -P libx265-95:amd64

then i ran

sudo apt-get -f install

followed by

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

I got a RAID error upon upgrading about unbootable system, but luckily I have my system booting from my SSD, not my HDD RAID1 array. So I rebooted the server and everything seems to have come back up successfully. Thanks for the help, much love!


pm-hibernate freezes and/or fails to resume on Dell XPS 13, 14.04, 3.19 kernel

For the situation I described running a non-stock kernel, the following solution worked. Depending on what kernel series you're using, YMMV:

You'll need to do these to get grub/initramfs set up correctly:

sudo blkid | grep swap <-- get your swap uuid
sudo <your_text_editor_here> /etc/default/grub <-- edit your grub file
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="RESUME=UUID=<your_swap_uuid>" <-- add this to grub file
uname -r <-- get running kernel name
sudo update-initramfs -u -k <your_kernel_name> <-- init with the right kernel
sudo update-grub

Reboot, and then check for hibernate compatibility by doing pm-hibernate at the command line. Hope this helps someone else!


Make feh (image viewer similar to xv) readonly?

It's by design. The menu entry is File (!) and the menu entry for rotate is Edit in Place (!!!).

You have two options:

Write a change request, the package is maintained here
Clone the repository, write a patch and create a pull request.

I think, you have to change the function feh_edit_inplace(winwidget w, int op) in imlib.c

void feh_edit_inplace(winwidget w, int op)
{
        int ret;
        Imlib_Image old;
        Imlib_Load_Error err;
        if (!w->file || !w->file->data || !FEH_FILE(w->file->data)->filename)
                return;

        if (!strcmp(gib_imlib_image_format(w->im), "jpeg")) {
                feh_edit_inplace_lossless(w, op);
                feh_reload_image(w, 1, 1);
                return;
        }

        ret = feh_load_image(&old, FEH_FILE(w->file->data));
        if (ret) {
                if (op == INPLACE_EDIT_FLIP) {
                        imlib_context_set_image(old);
                        imlib_image_flip_vertical();
                } else if (op == INPLACE_EDIT_MIRROR) {
                        imlib_context_set_image(old);
                        imlib_image_flip_horizontal();
                } else
                        gib_imlib_image_orientate(old, op);
                gib_imlib_save_image_with_error_return(old,
                        FEH_FILE(w->file->data)->filename, &err);
                gib_imlib_free_image(old);
                if (err)
                        feh_imlib_print_load_error(FEH_FILE(w->file->data)->filename,
                                w, err);
                feh_reload_image(w, 1, 1);
        } else {
                im_weprintf(w, "failed to load image from disk to edit it in place");
        }

        return;
}


How to repair /boot on LUKS encrypted harddrive?

Hello I tested the following commands in my laptop - yeah I deleted everything in /dev/sda1 and I got it working again - so here it is:

Get a live-image and boot from it.

 - First lets get a clean /dev/sda1 -
open GParted; reformat /dev/sda1 with ext2 and don't forget to confirm the changes and then set the "boot" flag (right click on the partition --> select "Manage Flags" --> check the box next to "boot" [this automatically causes the "esp" flag to be set to] --> click the "Close" button).  (this was due to "dd-ed a DSL image to sda1" in OP post)

Now we will prepare everything to chroot into the installed system and then we will switch into it (via chroot):
 sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sda5 sda5_crypt
 sudo vgscan --mknodes
 sudo vgchange -ay
 sudo mount /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root /mnt
 sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
 for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i; done
 sudo chroot /mnt

Okay let's delete and reinstall GRUB:
grub-install /dev/sda
apt purge grub-common (have your terminal in fullscreen-mode due to ncurses), this might ask you if it shall delete everything - select yes; now lets reinstall it with apt install grub-pc here select /dev/sda when asked.

Lastly we need to reinstall a kernel to get the needed initrd.img-* and vmlinuz-* images into "/boot/". We get currently-installed kernels with apt list --installed linux-image-* and now we reinstall this kernel with apt install linux-image-[version-numbers]-generic --reinstall - don't forget to exchange the brackets with an actual version number.

Almost done; exit chroot with Ctrl + d, or just type exit, and then reboot (via GUI menus or with sudo reboot)!

Used resources:

https://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1432656.html
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Installing


How to verify .iso from https://www.ubuntu.com (Official Site) from OS X mac

Do I need truly need verify if it is from the official site? What's the risk?

Well, dunno if you noticed, but http://releases.ubuntu.com/ isn't HTTPS. You could have easily downloaded from an impersonating webpage. However, using PGP signing lets you verify that the file is correct and from the Ubuntu team.

  Don't have gpg command on a mac; can I skip this step?

Homebrew it: http://brewformulas.org/Gnupg. What's life on a Mac without homebrew or the like?

  Did a 256 checksum of my .iso and it did not match the one hosted ...

Can't really say - was the file completely downloaded? Did it get corrupted somehow?

Note that Ubuntu offers official torrents - consider downloading using those for reliability.


how to find other machines which are connected same network

try arp-scan. install it by sudo apt install arp-scan:

sudo arp-scan -l


Ubuntu does not detect USB stick with lsblk or fdisk

Install gparted
    sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install gparted

Click here to see image


Try adding the -a or --binary-file=text options

grep -aE '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' file.pcap
or
grep --binary-file=text -E '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' file.pcap

This appears to work for a random pcap file that I downloaded from wiki.wireshark.org i.e.

$ grep -E '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' NTLM-wenchao.pcap
Binary file NTLM-wenchao.pcap matches

but

$ grep -aE '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' NTLM-wenchao.pcap
Host: 192.168.0.55
Host: 192.168.0.55
Host: 192.168.0.55
Location: http://192.168.0.55/default.aspx
MicrosoftSharePointTeamServices: 12.0.0.6421

Object Moved
This document may be found ÕGET /default.aspx HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.0.55

etc.

Be aware of the warning (from the man page man grep) that

If TYPE is text, grep processes a binary file as if  it
were  text;  this is equivalent to the -a option.  Warning: grep
--binary-files=text might output binary garbage, which can  have
nasty  side  effects  if  the  output  is  a terminal and if the
terminal driver interprets some of it as commands.

Note that although you can use the \d regex (for digit), it is only supported by grep in PCRE mode (i.e. with the -P switch).


What does `LOGFILE=${1:-/var/log/syslog}` do?

The command: LOGFILE=${1:-/var/log/syslog} is shorthand for:

if [[ "$1" == "" ]]               # if parameter 1 is blank
then
    LOGFILE="/var/log/syslog"     # LOGFILE set to /var/log/syslog
else
    LOGFILE="$1"                  # LOGFILE set to parameter 1
fi

If parameter 1 is not passed you see:

If you pass paraemeter 1:

journalctl -b > /tmp/messages
yad-logfile /tmp/messages

you see:

The original code in question link was modified:

#!/bin/bash

# NAME: yad-logfile
# DATE: May 19, 2019.

# From: https://sourceforge.net/p/yad-dialog/wiki/LogViewer/

# This script demonstrates new features of list dialog. Script displays content
# of specified log file and mark some special strings: with word "kernel" by
# setting italic font, with word "error" by light yellow background and with
# word "warn" by pink background

LOGFILE=${1:-/var/log/syslog}

 PARSER='{font=""; color="#FFFFFF"}; \
/CRON/   {font="italic"}; \
/smartd/ {color="#FFF4B8"}; \
/upower/ {color="#FFD0D8"}; \
OFS="\n" {print $1 " " $2, $3, $4, substr($5,0,index($5,":")-1), \
substr($0,index($0,$6)), font, color; fflush()}'

cat $LOGFILE | awk "$PARSER" | \
yad --title="Log viewer" --window-icon=logviewer \
    --button=gtk-close --geometry 600x350 \
    --list --text="Content of $LOGFILE" \
    --column Date --column Time --column Host \
    --column Tag --column Message:TIP \
    --column @font@ --column @back@

exit $?


How to find files whose inode is not referenced by any directory

Not sure that's possible. After all, all your of your free space is a list of inodes.

See however the Orphan File feature of ext4.


Ubuntu wont detect my second monitor anymore

If you are using the default opensource drivers or ati/nvidia drivers then one quick way to reset is simply to move to one-side xorg.conf and then reboot i.e.

sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup

You rarely need to sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg for the latest versions of Ubuntu.

ATI Graphics

If you have been playing with ATI graphics installs then deactivate the driver from the Additional Drivers window and then reactivate to reinstall.

Additionally run the aticonfig routine to generate a new xorg.conf

aticonfig --initial -f

NVIDIA

If you have been playing with NVIDIA graphics installs then deactivate the driver from the Additional Drivers window and then reactivate to reinstall.

You can also remove all references to nvidia kernels install via

sudo apt-get remove nvidia*

Then reinstall the driver from Additional Drivers window.

Additionally run the Nvidia routine to generate a new xorg.conf

gksudo nvidia-settings


Which type of install file I should use, i386 or amd64?

The term amd64 originated when only AMD produced a 64-bit capable CPU. That has not been the case for many years, as you know. If your Dell supports 64-bit in Windows, and we're fairly confident that it does, the the amd64 iso is what you want.

Today, amd64 simply means 64-bit and i386, in this context, means 32-bit.


The Sempron is AMD's competing product to Intel's Celeron, AFAIK. In theory, you'd want a CPU with at least 2 or 3 cores, and video RAM of at least 256 MB (meaning if you're lucky enough to have an onboard graphics card with very stable 3D acceleration, it might suffice). Personally I'd recommend getting an Athlon, it's probably much better than a Sempron, and it's also obsolete so prices have been dropping phenomenally (the Phenom is still somewhat expensive, but I gather you want the cheapest price). I just bought a desktop kit that came with a Athlon 3 core CPU, it cost me $235 for the computer (after taxes, shipping and mail-in rebate deduction), granted that didn't include the monitor, mouse & keyboard, and I also got a dedicated graphics card, but I was able to get those at competitive prices. A Sempron CPU might do the trick, seems like the graphics card is more important than the CPU for getting 1080p, but considering the price difference I'd have to recommend the Athlon as much better value.

Read more here: http://geeknizer.com/1080p-minimum-requirements/ (article is a few years old, but still relevant to your question).


Is there a way to modulate my voice on the fly?

Install some necessary software:

sudo apt-get install sox libsox-fmt-pulse pavucontrol

Make a null-sink in pulseaudio:

pactl load-module module-null-sink

Start sox recording from the default recording device (default source) and outputing to the the null-sink:

sox -t pulseaudio default -t pulseaudio null pitch -800

(If you don't want to record from the default source, change the above command accordingly.) The -800 in the above command is the desired pitch change, you can modify that value as you want, e.g. -300, +200, +500, etc. . sox also have some other "effects" other than pitch changing which can be applied to the audio, you may want to check those out in man sox.
Start your capturing program (Skype, Teamspeak, etc.).
Start pavucontrol.
While you capturing program is trying to capture it will show up in pavucontrol under the Recording tab. Change its recording source from the default to Monitor of Null Output.

Check the results, it should be working.

Notes:

You can make pulseaudio load the null-sink automatically, if you edit the /etc/pulse/default.pa file and add the following line to the end of that file:

load-module module-null-sink

The changes you make in pavucontrol will be remembered, so the next time you start you capturing program it will automatically try to record from the null-sink. If this is not OK for you, then just change back the source to the default in pavucontrol when you need.
If you prefer the terminal way: You can set the recording source for your capture program in the terminal (without using pavucontrol), if you launch your program with the PULSE_SOURCE variable set correctly. E.g. to launch skype recording from the monitor source of the null sink:

PULSE_SOURCE=null.monitor skype

Changing the pitch of your voice doesn't give you very good privacy:

If the other end knows you, knows you real voice, then you will have to alter the pitch a lot, so it will be obvious for the other end that you altered your sound. If he wants, he can capture your altered voice and change back the pitch. Or the other end may just ignore/reject your call for obvious reasons.
If the other end doesn't know your real voice, well... In this case there is no real benefit from altering your voice, since they don't even know the real one.
If you are trying to protect against someone intercepting your voice, a man-in-the-middle attack, etc. , then it is very likely that those malicious guys know quite enough to recover your real sound from almost any modification you do on it with such simple softwares.
Also, for all the above cases: When you speak, it is not just the sound of your voice what can identify you, but the way you speak, your accent, the words and phrases you use, etc.
If you want a more secure way for voice communication, you may want to use a text-to-speech engine to turn your typing into voice. That is a much more secure way. (Of course this might not be a possibility if it is not possible to type your messages, e.g. in a multiplayer game.)

Nevertheless, this method gives better privacy then no privacy at all. And it can be also fun to fool some friends with an altered voice.


juju status timeout error 111 connection refused please help

Machines should be kept between bootstraps, but sometimes that's not the case. You'll need to destroy the environment using juju destroy-environment and then re-bootstrap.


Can't use bluetooth headset in HSP/HFP mode - ubuntu 20.04

I've been experiencing this issue as well. There is a confirmed bug for pulseaudio and bluez. Please report that it affects you: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pulseaudio/+bug/1878194


Google option missing from online accounts after trying to install kde environment

I was missing the Google accounts plug-in and ran

sudo apt install account-plugin-google

to install it.


How do I break or delete a symbolic link?

unlink /etc/alternatives/x-cursor-theme

You may also be interested in update-alternates

update-alternatives --config x-cursor-theme


Autofs does not show files of Samba dir in Ubuntu 18.04

I managed to get this working by replacing what may be typos in your post:
In auto.master:
/mnt/content /etc/auto.cifs-shares --timeout=300 --ghost

I added a = between timeout and 300, And I added --ghost
In /etc/auto.cifs-shares
projects -fstype=cifs,credentials=/etc/creds/content,dir_mode=0755,file_mode=0755,uid=user,rw ://content/projects

I replaced --fstype=cifs with -fstype=cifs
As a side note: systemd has their own version of autofs if you are interested. It works through fstab. The equivalent based on your fstab statement would look something like this:
//content/projects  /mnt/content/  cifs  credentials=/etc/creds/content,uid=localuser,rw,noauto,x-systemd.automount,x-systemd.idle-timeout=300 0 0

You might want to change the mount point if you want to experiment with this. Don't know what happens when you have two autofs processes running at the same time on the same mount point.
noauto,x-systemd.automount replaces the "don't mount the share until I access the mount point" part of this.
x-systemd.idle-timeout=300replaces the --timeout=300 part in auto.master.
Then you need to reset systemd:
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart remote-fs.target


sudo: /var/lib/sudo/navneet writable by non-owner (040777), should be mode 0700

You have a really big problem, but not really for the reasons stated here.

Changing the permissions on all of /var will make it likely you will not get them all back correctly, because you will not know what permissions every file should have. You may have problems later. Depending on the circumstances, your problems might be security-related.

Therefore, you may wish to consider reinstalling Ubuntu. Alternatively, you can try to get the permissions from the files in another, similar, unbroken system. The permissions are usually the same. Usually. A more serious problem is that it's likely your system has some files in /var that are not present on the other one, so probably not all the permissions will be fixed.

Performing administrative tasks on a desktop system without a working sudo is usually trivially easy, though.

Changing the permissions back when you know what they should be is easy, and rarely requires booting into recovery mode or from a live CD. This is because, while it's not widely known, desktop versions of Ubuntu (and most other GNU/Linux operating systems these days) have two ways set up to perform administrative tasks:

sudo, which will not work because it requires the permissions in /var to be correct.
PolicyKit, which tends to be more tolerant of wrong permissions and usually still works.

While we tend to think of sudo as the way you perform actions as root on Ubuntu, actually PolicyKit is the way most, though not all, graphical utilities become root. (It has been this way for some years now.)

Actually, running a graphical program manually with PolicyKit is sometimes a significant undertaking as graphical applications must have special configuration files for PolicyKit to be willing to run them. But terminal applications don't -- it's just as easy to run a text-based command with PolicyKit as with sudo.

To do it, type pkexec where you'd otherwise type sudo. (They don't take all the same command-line options, but the most common syntax for sudo is sudo command, and pkexec works perfectly in its place.)

So, because sudo is broken, you cannot run:

sudo chmod 0755 /mnt/var/lib/sudo
sudo chmod 0700 /mnt/var/lib/sudo/<username>

But you can run:

pkexec chmod 0755 /mnt/var/lib/sudo
pkexec chmod 0700 /mnt/var/lib/sudo/<username>

That's a good start, and it will probably make sudo work again. (It's not going to fix all the other files in /var, though.)

Related (but, in most cases, not identical) situations where pkexec is helpful:
‣ How to modify an invalid /etc/sudoers file? It throws an error and it's not allowing me to edit again to fix it
‣ accidently blocked access to sudoers.d whilst trying to change ushare config
‣ 'sudo' not working after changing the permissions of '/usr' directory
‣ How to fix sudo after "chmod -R 777 /usr/bin"?, sudo error, is mode 0777, should be 0440,
           How to repair "sudo: /etc/sudoers is mode 0640, should be 0440?"
‣ Installing ZFS changed my sudoers file
‣ Password not working for sudo ("Authentication failure")
‣ Why does nothing work after I randomly changed some file permissions?
‣ changed /etc permission in oneiric (ubuntu11.10) by using "sudo chmod 665 /etc" cant use sudo now
‣ How do I run specific sudo commands without a password? (just if something goes wrong)
‣ Can't write /etc/sudoers from Ubuntu live CD (just if something goes wrong)


I can't find Windows after installing Ubuntu 14.04

if yo installed ubuntu beside windows you need to install boot-repair

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair

  sudo apt-get update

  sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair

but if you are deleted windows and installed ubuntu this cannot help


LVM no more mounted at boot after upgrade to 20.04 "mpath* is duplicate for ..."

I have found the solution and want to document it here for everyone else that might face the same.

Realizing that the root cause was the duplicate device I thought I'd filter the others out.
So I added these to /etc/lvm/lvm.conf (the second line since the bug triggered with pvscan/lvmmetad)

filter = [ "a|/dev/dasd*|", "a|/dev/mapper/mpath*|", "r|.*|"]
global_filter = [ "a|/dev/dasd*|", "a|/dev/mapper/mpath*|", "r|.*|"]

I knew this is needed at boot, so to get that config into boot time initrframfs I was running:

sudo update-initramfs -u

Yet while so far it seemed to be a normal "need to update config after upgrade case" (which still would be worth to know about) things didn't work out.

Interestingly I found a /etc/lvm/lvm.conf.dpkg-dist file from the upgrade and remembered that I wanted to keep my old one. But this was the problem.
After restoring the packages conffile and adding the two lines above again things started to work.

sudo cp /etc/lvm/lvm.conf.dpkg-dist /etc/lvm/lvm.conf
# same steps as above for filters and update-initramfs

I haven't kept my old lvm.conf to analyze the case in detail, but the Lessons-learned for me for lvm.conf is to save my old file and carry any custom config into the new default file (instead of keeping the old config).

I hope this helps someone else as well.


Is there a better (permanent) per-app volume management than volume indicator/Pulse audio volume control?

When you are playing audio via different applications, go to Sound option  from system settings and select tab Applications. Then you will be able to see volume settings for each applications that currently play sound. eg: vlc player, Alsa audio plugin etc. You can then set volume for each applications.

Hope this might help you.


If you can use rsync, you can grab all files from a folder, excluding a certain list using this command:

rsync -a --exclude-from=path/to/excludes.txt myuser@myserver:/path/to/files/ .

Be sure that path/to/excludes.txt is a text file like so:

abc.conf
rfc.conf
moo.conf
cat.conf
...

Note that this excludes file is stored locally, so you must grab it from the server first if you don't have it.

Otherwise, such a task is not possible without heavy SCP mangling and shell scripting using xargs and the like.


Is there any application that will auto update hosts file from web?

There are many apps, tools and solutions for this purpose in the Linux world in general and  Ubuntu in particular, some of which might suit you, while some others might look too complicated ;-)

So, among a number of possible answers, I would cite just one of them; hostsblock which you can find here: github.com: gaenserich/hostsblock

It has an easy manual installation procedure, but I've also created a deb package (which you can simply click and install) which should be in both ZIP and TAR files you can download from there. (Note: The deb file is under /pkg/ subfolder, but it contains an old version (0.12.3) of hostsblock, which is now at 0.999.x)

It does more or less the same job as hostsman (updating your hosts file to prevent access to "undesirable" sites) but it only does it in the background almost without you noticing it ever ;-)

UPDATE: Now there's a new DEB package including a simple GUI -app indicator- with kwak daemon as well which is available here:

https://github.com/Sadi58/hostsblock/tree/master/indicator


IBus Keyboard Layout changing but cannot type in Tamil

Ubuntu 14.04 supports Tamil Language. It can be added by:

In Settings > Language Support > Install/Remove languages > select Tamil and Install.
Now Tamil Language Support is enabled.
Installing Tamil Keyboards for Tamil typing in browsers, Libreoffice, etc.

a. For Tamil Unicode Keyboard (Old Tamil Typewriter Layout)

⠀⠀In Settings > Text entry > click + and add Tamil Unicode Layout.

⠀⠀Now switching from English to Tamil Keyboard and vice versa can be done by pressing Super (Windows key) + Space. It can also be done by selecting the Keyboard Menu (displayed as En or Ta) at the top of the screen.

⠀⠀Onboard can be used for Tamil Unicode.

b. For Tamil 99 Keyboard or Tamil Phonetic

⠀⠀i. Install ibus-m17n package from Ubuntu Software Center.

⠀⠀ii. In Settings > Languages Support > select ibus from the dropdown menu under Keyboard Input Method System.

⠀⠀iii. In Text Entry select +, now the search with keyword Tamil will show Tamil 99, Tamil Phonetic & other Tamil layouts. These can be added as per the requirements. Keyboards can be selected from the menu at the top of the screen.

⠀⠀Onboard does not work with Tamil 99, since it is installed through the m17n package and not by Ubuntu itself.

For more details relating to Tamil / Tamil 99 in Ubuntu see: http://oppili.wordpress.com/


How to stream data from one ubuntu terminal to another terminal

Make sure that the tmux package is installed on your remote EC2 box
sudo apt install tmux

Then when you run your python script run 'tmux new-session' and when that give you a new shell prompt run your python script.
Your script will then run under tmux..  And you can detach from tmux without effecting your program by doing a cntl-b + d.    You'll go back to your origin shell.
When you want to monitor or check it run tmux attach you can do this multiple times from different logins.  If you want to run multiple scripts you can run multiple tmux instances and name them if required.
When you exit the shell to run your script in the tmux session will end. or you can do cntl-x and that will terminate the session.
More information on using tmux and some of its basic features here:-
https://www.howtogeek.com/671422/how-to-use-tmux-on-linux-and-why-its-better-than-screen/


How to alter touchpad settings on Ubuntu GNOME 16.04?

To be able to set these settings through Terminal or through the gnome-control-center you need to make sure that you have xserver-xorg-input-libinput installed. It appears to be a bug that it is not already installed by default, in order to install simply run:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-libinput

After doing so and then logging out and in again you will find new settings in the gnome-control-center's Mouse & Touchpad settings:

You should now also be able to set the touchpad settings through the dconf-editor and gsettings in Terminal.

Related: LP Bug #1586657


Blacklisting grub packages from installing

Never-MarkAuto-Sections doesn't do what you read it does. First, it's a list of sections (like admin), not package names (like grub-pc). Second, it requires exact names, not wildcard patterns. Third, it doesn't prevent a package from installing anyway: what it means is that if the package is pulled in by a dependency, it will not be marked as automatically installed.

Grub is recommended by the standard kernel image. An easy way to not getting it reinstaled is to tell APT not to follow recommend-level dependencies, with --no-install-recommends on the command line or APT::Install-Recommends "false"; in apt.conf. I don't know of a way to ignore a specific dependency.

You can block a package from installing by giving it a negative priority in /etc/apt/preferences, see How to forbid a specific package to be installed?. But that won't solve your problem since APT will still try to pull in the dependency.

You can make a fake grub-pc package with equivs, see How to fake a package version installed?. That's what I'd do here: you have Grub, but not provided through a deb package, so make a fake package to tell that to the package manager.


I'm pretty sure swap space is supposed to reflect how much RAM you have, but it shouldn't be too important.
The drive layout looks fine, but you'll want to format it that way and then install Windows before installing Ubuntu. Do this by using Gparted on the LiveCD. If you install Ubuntu first, Windows will overwrite or take away control from Ubuntu's boot files, making Windows the only one to boot.


receiving an error when issued apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible

The correct commands to add this repository would be:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ansible/ansible
sudo apt-get update


Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Overheating: Shutting down my machine

I'm pretty sure that the problem with overheating and shutting down is hardware related. I've repaired quite a few pc/laptops with the same problem, and 90% of the time it's because the thermal paste on the cpu has degraded and a huge ammount of dustcollection (almost like a small carpet covering the whole intake) near the coolingfan's air intake. Just open your pc (carefully), remove the heatsink that's on top of the cpu (in a laptop thats going to be a piece of solid copper that connects te cpu with the coolingfan. remove any thermalpaste residu with a cottonswap and some pharmaceutical alcohol. Apply some new thermalpaste (NOT TO MUCH), remove all the dust, put everything back together, and your pc should stop overheating.


Was trying to install something using docker, noticed it was installing very large files, terminated it but a lot space has still been used up

Looks like you canceled it while docker was pulling images.
You can check your local images with docker images, then delete what you don't want using docker rmi [IMAGE ID].
You can also use the following commands to purge unused docker data:

Remove all stopped containers: docker container prune --force
Remove all unused images: docker image prune --all --force
Remove all unused local volumes: docker volume prune --force

Other Docker resources may be left on your system (such as networks and build caches).
If you want a more aggressive Docker cleanup, you can make use of docker system prune to remove all unused data:

$ docker system prune --all --volumes
WARNING! This will remove:
        - all stopped containers
        - all networks not used by at least one container
        - all volumes not used by at least one container
        - all images without at least one container associated to them
        - all build cache
Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y


Is it possible to Encrypt Home drive after install w/o 2.5x the space?

Full disclosure here, I'm the co-author and maintainer of the ecryptfs-migrate-home utility.

Note that the 2.5x multiplier is perhaps an aggressive overestimation of the required disk space, but I've published that recommendation as a safety precaution

To answer your question, yes, it is possible, though perhaps slightly risky, and not generally recommended.

You could accomplish this by editing the shell script, /usr/bin/ecryptfs-migrate-home, and modify the line that looks like this:

rsync -aP "$orig/" "$USER_HOME/" 1>&2

to:

mv -vf "$orig/"* "$orig/".* "$USER_HOME/" 1>&2

This will move files in place, instead of copying them.


The error is caused by this line:

update-alternatives: error: alternative link /usr/lib/xorg/extra-modules is already managed by x86_64-linux-gnu_gl_conf.

In this case, it's harmless to force configuration of libgl1-mesa-glx and solve your problems.

Run:

sudo dpkg --force-all --configure libgl1-mesa-glx

Followed by:

sudo dpkg --configure -a

And then (just in case):

sudo apt-get -f install

To force-install that specific libgl1-mesa-glx from scratch, please do:

wget http://mirrors.us.kernel.org/ubuntu//pool/main/m/mesa/libgl1-mesa-glx_7.10.2-0ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg --force-all -i libgl1-mesa-glx_7.10.2-0ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb


system freeze when surfing with firefox and 4 or more tabs open

PROBLEM FIXED
After disabling few addons (mostly adblockers) on firefox the problem seem to have been solved.

thanks


usb will not boot from Acer but will on HP

Your installer is an EFI only one when you try to use it on a BIOS based computer it will not work. Some are universal some are not, for instance if using Rufus on a windows machine to create the installer you are asked which option you want for it.


Rescue mode (rescue.target) and Emergency mode (emergency.target) descriptions

This info seems to be fully applicable:
https://ostechnix.com/how-to-boot-into-rescue-mode-or-emergency-mode-in-ubuntu-18-04/
Based on the text, I take emergency mode to be "a root shell", period; nothing else initialized.
Rescue mode on the other hand has tools to help you get started handling the computer in a reasonable manner - still as root though.
I generally use method 2 (i.e. via the grub menus), actually doing a fsck and then network activation via the final level menu, before dropping to a root shell.
By then, at that root prompt, you have "normal" possibilities to run e.g. apt and all that: e.g. having a display driver problem; remove current driver, find anew one and install it (or reinstall the same).


How can I install AMD Graphic Drivers on Ubuntu 18.04

Your AMD graphics should support 2D and 3D acceleration out-of-the-box. There isn't a compelling reason to use the drivers offered at amd.com; the open-source driver is the foundation of the closed-source drivers, and the open-source driver outperforms the "pro" drivers in many cases.

To understand AMD's strategy regarding its display drivers, Phoronix is an excellent place to start. If you want to use the most recent drivers, two PPA's offer zero-configuration installation:

Oibaf The more conservative choice.
Padoka Less stable, but more current.

Both include easy instructions to install, and revert to stock if things don't work out. However, I've been using oibaf trouble free for some time.

Summary: AMD's best display drivers are open source and included with recent Ubuntu releases, more current versions are available via PPA.


How to replace word occurrence in ranges specified using sed command?

I'm not sure if it's clever or not but here is my GNU sed solution:

sed 's/abc/nonABC/5;s/abc/nonABC/8g;s/abc/xyz/2g;s/nonABC/abc/g' <<<"$str"

Explanation:

sed '
    s/abc/nonABC/5;   # replace only 5th occurrence of 'abc' word with another word (i, e: 'nonABC')
    s/abc/nonABC/8g;  # replace 8th to the next occurrences of 'abc' with another word too
    s/abc/xyz/2g;     # replace all occurrences of 'abc' word start from 2th place
    s/nonABC/abc/g    # get back the all changed 'abc' from 'nonABC'
' <<<"$str"           # from 'str' as input

And with awk and of course clever:

awk '{printf ( 2<=NR && NR<=8 && NR!=5 )?$0"xyz":$0RS}' RS='abc' <<<"$str"

Explanation:

RS='abc' defines 'abc' as Record Separator
if Number of Record was between 2 and 8 2<=NR && NR<=8 but not equal with 5 NR!=5, then print the current record $0 and the replace word xyz, otherwise, print the record and abc itself. you can use $0"abc" in place of $0RS.

If your ranges are like: [(2-4),(8-10),(12-15),(18-20),(26-29) ...] as you mentioned in comment then awk is best command for this job. Only you need is specifying the ranges as multiple condition:

( (2<=NR && NR<=4) || (8<=NR && NR<=10) || (12<=NR && NR<=15) || (18<=NR && NR<=20) || (26<=NR && NR<=29) || (...) )


I had this happen to me.
The easiest way to cure it, is to delete the .banshee folder in /Home/.config.
 This will set Banshee back to default & you will have to rescan your music folder again.
 But it solved the issue.


How to correct uTorrent installation instruction error?

please avoid those steps.

Extract the utserver into a folder as you wish.
cd into corresponding folder using terminal and run the following command:

./utserver

Without closing the terminal go to the preferred browser and type: http://localhost:8080/gui/web/index.html
Type username admin and press Enter.


Failed to restart idmapd.service: Unit idmapd.service is masked

You need to use sudo to unmask and mask services.

The command:

sudo systemctl unmask idmapd

should do the trick. Then:

sudo service idmapd start

or

sudo service idmapd restart

UPDATE

I believe nfs-idmapd replaces this service. You will need the following packages:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall nfs-common nfs-kernel-server

If that doesn't work, purge the offending packages and then reinstall them.

sudo apt-get purge nfs-common nfs-kernel-server
sudo apt-get install nfs-common nfs-kernel-server


How can I configure static IP on ubuntu server 18.04

I followed instructions here to update netplan config file and it worked. The following uses the correct indentation:

network:
  version: 2
  ethernets:
    eno1:
     dhcp4: no
     addresses: [10.0.0.2/24]
     gateway4: 10.0.0.1
     nameservers:
       addresses: [8.8.8.8,1.1.1.1]

Then, use the following command to apply the changes:

sudo netplan apply


Unable to access "DATA" in ubuntu after installed ubuntu alongside with window 10

OK thx Oldfred,I will try out later. But now I encountered even serious problem. That is, I have one incident under window 10, I merely did an action of uninstall and reinstall Mozilla Firefox browser via internet and reboot, but the dual boot feature is gone!! Why? Anyone have similar experience, please kindly help n share. Thx.


My 14.04 UEFI systems have grub-efi-amd64-bin version 2.02~beta2-9ubuntu1.12 installed.

On the bootup menu the title is GNU GRUB 2.02~beta2-9ubuntu1.12


How can I install a Gsettings Schema without root privileges?

You can copy and compile your Gsettings Schemas to a user-writable directory:

$ cp com.companyname.appname ~/schemas/
$ glib-compile-schemas ~/schemas/

The tricky bit is to configure the application to use that particular directory. There are two ways to do this:

With the GSETTINGS_SCHEMA_DIR environment variable:

$ GSETTINGS_SCHEMA_DIR=~/schemas/ ./example.py

Or using GSettingsSchemaSource and GSettingSchema objects:

If you have access to the source code of your program, you can modify it to load compiled schemas from any directory. Here's how would do it in Python, although you could do this in any programming language with GObject introspection:

schema_source = Gio.SettingsSchemaSource.new_from_directory(
    os.path.expanduser("~/schemas"),
    Gio.SettingsSchemaSource.get_default(),
    False,
)
schema = schema_source.lookup('com.companyname.appname', False)
settings = Gio.Settings.new_full(schema, None, None)
settings.set_boolean('mybool', True)

References:

C API documentation for GSettingsSchema and GSettingsSchemaSource
Introductory blog post about GSettings in Python


no icons or filesystem in partition while installing Ubuntu 12.04

This is actually a usability bug that is known at launchpad. Please mark it as affecting you as it clearly affects you. There are currently no plans to fix it, but if you mark it as affecting you, it might persuade a developer.


install of linux-headers-3.2.0-38-generic_3.2.0-38.59_amd64 failed at update

Short answer: Uninstall old Linux kernel packages by using dpkg.
Long answer: Likely, you have run out of inodes on your file system (most likely in /usr/src where the old kernels lie, each consisting of 50'000+ files = inodes).
Check with df -i and you should see 100% IUse rate. That causes the error message about not enough space on the device.
Due to the broken state of your packages you will not be able to (un-)install anything with apt-get but have to use dpkg -r for the few oldest kernel images under /usr/src.
After that you can run apt-get install -f to solve your problem. Use Synaptic or so afterwards to uninstall other unused kernel images.


Tried to install audio driver for ASUS P5K, now sound is not working

If you installed the audio drivers, you most likely installed the ALSA package. When ALSA installs, it is set to "global Mute" and you have to open ALSA and take it off mute before your audio can be used. In a terminal type

alsamixer

if command not found, type

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install alsa-utils

and then

alsamixer

and take it off mute.


Is there an Ubuntu theme to make it look like OS X?

Here is a video on making Ubuntu 11.04 look like Snow Leopard: http://youtu.be/pKu6mM9XqNc

Final image from the video:

Things used:

Modified Mac4Lin theme Install with appearance.
Mac4Lin icon set Doubleclick file to install. In appearance choose ‘customize’ and choose Mac4Lin_GTK_v0.4.
Mac4Lin wallpaper Rightclick desktop, change wallpaper.
Avant Windows Manager elegant glass theme See: http://maketecheasier.com/turn-your-ubuntu-hardy-to-mac-osx-leopard/2008/07/23

Works for all classic versions of Ubuntu.


How to re-enable "Move window to workspace X"

I have not found any direct solution to this, but a workaround is to enter overview mode (tap the win/super key). There you can drag windows between workspaces on the right side of the screen. Hope this helps somewhat :) PS: this works for Ubuntu 16.10 at least.


Unity desktop launcher and bars look garbled with  Ati Radeon

It's known issue with ATI/AMD video cards on Ubuntu 11.04.
This source
was very helpful for me. Just need to read attentively and follow an instructions how to install proprietary driver aka Catalyst/fglrx .


I got it working today!  I believe this issue is related to my move to my new setup because the old laptop was a 32-bit processor and my new system is a 64-bit system.

I deleted all of the files and folders associated with Anjuta, leaving only my source and class files.  I defined a new project, added the appropriate libraries, and the build and compile worked fine.

I have an issue with Anjuta running the program without debugging (it's looking for the executable in the debug directory but I built the code in the default configuration) but the program works if I run it manually.


According to the error message the file /var/cache/apt/archives/lock doesn't exist anymore on your computer. You can just simply create it:

sudo touch /var/cache/apt/archives/lock

However maybe there is also another directory missing. Please have a look if /var/cache/apt/archives/partial exists. If not create it:

sudo mkdir -p /var/cache/apt/archives/partial

Now your installation should work as expected.


How to open a Powerpoint presentation in Ubuntu?

Ubuntu comes with LibreOffice, an office suite that replaces Microsoft Office. The LibreOffice equivalent to Microsoft PowerPoint is called Libreoffice Impress. You should be able to open your PPT or PPTX files by simply double-clicking the file.

By the way, in order to get to know the alternative to other popular software, I recommend taking a look at AlternativeTo.net. For example, here's a list of alternatives to PowerPoint in Linux.


If issued just the command it will be the one that is found first in your $PATH. If you do

echo $PATH

you get the path that is used to find an executable...

/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:
/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games

If ~/bin/

is NOT in $PATH it wont be found.
is before /usr/bin/ the one in ~/bin/ is used;
is behind /usr/bin/ the one in /usr/bin/ is used;

Extra exception:

If you are in the ~/bin/ directory and do ./charles the one in ~/bin/ will be executed.


Black screen after logging into windows domain user

I believe that you are using xrdp to login the Ubuntu machine. Where some times restarting the xrdp in Ubuntu machine might fix this issue. Also changing the desktop manager will fix the issue.

changing to .xsession config.

  cd /home/youruser

  echo "gnome-session --session=ubuntu-2d" > .xsession

  sudo /etc/init.d/xrdp restart


I had this problem on a Dell Optiplex 955. It has something to do with the video drivers and the default cursor set. You can set SWCursor on in your xorg configuration as discussed in this Ubuntu Forums post, however that has some performance impact (probably negligible on modern systems though).

What I did is edit /usr/share/icons/default/index.theme and changed DMZ-White to whiteglass (you can change it to any of the non-DMZ themes in /usr/share/icons with a cursor directory in its subdirectory like whiteglass or redglass)

After doing that, log out and back in to restart the X server.


Here is how I did it on 12.xx - as of 13.04 this is part of core.

http://www.gaggl.com/2013/03/connection-android-4-x-mtp-mass-storage-to-ubuntu-12-x/

HTH


How to get Internet connection working (restarting networking and network-manager does nothing)?

Paste this into /etc/network/interfaces and reboot the computer:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp


Is there a bug report tracking the power regression in the 2.6.38 kernel?

Try looking at this link; it is the bug mentioned in Release notes for Natty, known issues:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/760131

You can help test the fix by going to this wiki page.


I did it this way:

1 - Create a .desktop file that links to the Unity3D installation.

2 - Change the ICON attribute in the .desktop file to point to Numix's icon ( or anything for that matter). For more robustness, you can set the value of ICON to unity-editor-icon.

for example in my case, the Unity3D.desktop file looks like this:

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Unity3D
Comment=Unity Game Engine
Exec=/home/behnam/Unity-2018.1.0f2/Editor/Unity
Icon=unity-editor-icon
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Utility;Application;
Name[en_US]=Unity3D

3 - Add execution permissions to the .desktop file ( Otherwise, you won't be able to run it )

chmod +x Unity3D.desktop

4 - Put the file in the ~/.local/share/applications directory

5 - Now you'll see it in the dash and the switcher with the good looking icon :)

Unity3D Numix Icon in Dash

Unity3D Numix Icon in Switcher


MAAS Commissioned node does not boot - no bootable medium found

I think I solved it. I incorrectly understood how MAAS worked, and unfortunately the documentation is not very clear about it. "Ready" only means that the node can be used, it does NOT mean that there is already an OS on it at that point.

I just went on into the documentation and bootstrapped Juju, et voila, when I started my nodes, one of them PXE-booted and installed the system.

I thought it worked like the other automatic methods of installation I know: Commissioning puts a basic OS on the node, and when it is ready, this basic OS is installed. The documentation should maybe point out that this is NOT the case.


Why can't I connect to the internet via wired connection

I"ve solved the problem by installing an NIC rather than using the ethernet connection on the mother board. Someone posted a comment on my question (that I can no longer see for some reason) that my problem sounded like a known bug with my network hardware. This prompted me to use a network card and it worked. Thanks All!


Why my HP LaserJet MPF1132 didn't print anything from my VirtualBox Ubuntu 16.04 if anything looks OK?

I go to the support page of HP and download the HPLIP (the one that I mention before) from: https://developers.hp.com/hp-linux-imaging-and-printing/gethplip
I run the script with bash bash hplip-3.17.11.run and follow the instructions of the automatic installation mode.

Old Version I had: HPLIP 3.16.3
New Version: HPLIP 3.17.11

After all it was the HPLIP that make my printer fails. This is the solution I find. Hope it works for anybody having this issue!


This is a really frustrating problem. Using the password "parallels" works to unlock it on Ubuntu 18.4 - I was having problems installing through pip.

See here for other cases: https://forum.parallels.com/threads/centos-fedora-mint-linux-login-keyring-issue-the-password-you-use-to-login-to-your-computer.343215/


I installed Ubuntu 17.10 - it was my mistake. By the way here you can find some example of solution:  https://forums.lenovo.com/t5/Lenovo-P-Y-and-Z-series/Y50-70-BIOS-Can-t-Save-Settings-Or-Exit/m-p/3853208#M157885


Programmatically Present Windows (Invoke Window Picker) in Compiz

If you install xte (sudo apt-get install xautomation) you can simulate a Super+W with the:

xte 'keydown Super_L' 'keydown w' 'keyup Super_L' 'keyup w'

If you want to change the key that activates the window spread the key is located at:

/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/scale/initiate-key

In dconf. Or you can use Unity Tweak Tool.