Why have to lock archives and dpkg while doing installing apps and updates.

Quite simply, locks are used for their original intention: To keep other processes from mucking around with installations. Imagine the following scenario:

Process1 is started to install basex, which depends on default-jre
Process2 begins to remove default-jre. basex is already in progress so it cannot be informed of this removal.
Process2 finishes.
Process1 finishes. A nonworking system exists. This is worse if the same package is installed, then removed simultaneously.

While this may be resolved by holding a per-package lock held for the package and any packages that must exist(Dependencies), I don't know why this is not done.

A similar issue can occur if there are packages that conflict. For example, one package might be installed, and another conflicting one could be installed simultaneously(as a dependency or otherwise).


Adding functionality to GNOME desktop icons

First of all, if not already installed, install gnome-tweaks with

sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

Now go to the extension tab in the app and click on the gear icon next to desktop icons. Uncheck show trash and uncheck show home directory. Now run:

sudo apt install xfdesktop4 thunar

We are basically pulling in the components of xfce that deal with desktop icons. Now open startup applications and add an entry with

Name: Desktop icons
Description: whatever
Command: bash -c "thunar --daemon & sleep 1 & xfdesktop"

Now reboot  and you should have completely functional icons that you can customize to your liking by right clicking on the desktop (i.e. change the wallpaper via this menu, the option in settings won't work anymore).

Suggestions:

remove the home folder from the desktop because it will open in thunar and not nautilus.
remove show mounted devices because ubuntu shows them already in the dock

An alternative would be to install desktop folder by clicking here (download the .deb file of the latest release). Open  he app (it will automatically set itself to autostart), then reboot and you should have a more functional desktop.

Drag and drop doesn't work as well as the other alternative and if you're not using english as the system language it will create a duplicate desktop folder named "Desktop" (instead of the italian "Scrivania" for example).


Set up dual independent monitors in Ubuntu 18

As per Ubuntu's own help documentation

Open the Activities overview and start typing Displays.

Click on Displays to open the panel.

Click on the second monitor, then in the list of monitor configuration select Secondary to activate it.

The primary monitor is the one with the top bar, and where the
Activities overview is shown.

To rotate the orientation of the monitor, use the buttons with the
arrows until the preview is correct.

When you are happy with your settings, click Apply and then click Keep Changes.


MATLAB R2015b 64bit Installation Problem

Apparently there was a problem with the way the ISO file was mounted. used mount instead of fuseiso and the problem was solved.


Fresh install of Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. Firefox extension won't install

You need to address two issues here.

Issue #1 (browser extensions):

Please take a look at the following link:

Certificate issue causing add-ons to be disabled or fail to install

Check your Firefox version and install the extension fix for your version or update to the latest version of Firefox. This should enable you to install  Ad Block Plus.

Issue #2 (GNOME extensions):

Please make sure you have gnome-shell-extensions and chrome-gnome-shell installed:

Install them as follows:

Install gnome-shell-extensions

sudo apt install gnome-shell-extensions
Install chrome-gnome-shell

sudo apt install chrome-gnome-shell

After that:

Install the Gnome tweaks tool as follows:

sudo apt install gnome-tweaks
Open the GNOME tweaks tool as follows:

gnome-tweaks
Select extensions from the left side menu and enable them.

Firefox gnome extension should now install easily from this web page:

https://extensions.gnome.org/

You might need to log out and re-log in for the gnome extensions to work.


Can't move/snap libreoffice window to occupy left or right half

The shortcut keys work fine, without problem and as expected with Ubuntu 18.04.03 and LibreOffice 6.3.2.2 combination.

Uninstall 6.0.7.3 and/or replace it with 6.3.2.2

This can be achieved either as follows:

Install LibreOffice from the Ubuntu Software Center or

Open a new terminal window Ctrl Alt t

Add the LibreOffice Fresh PPA :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/ppa

Run this command to update the list of packages available to install on your system:

sudo apt update

Finally, run this command to upgrade or install LibreOffice 6.0:

sudo apt install libreoffice

Thereafter, LibreOffice will be updated to the latest version.


Where to install software using playonlinux?

The PlayOnLinux installs windows programs to the special folders (or prefixes). By default each program is installed in its separate wineprefix.

The wine-prefixes are located at ~/.PlayOnLinux/wineprefix/ in your home folder. The wine-prefix for an application contains drive_c folder (on .PlayOnLinux/wineprefix/app-name/drive_c path) with contents of virtual C:\ drive.

PlayOnLinux have many installation scripts to create shortcuts in the user-friendly way. I would recommend to use them:

MSO 2016 is too new, so it may not work on Wine yet. You can try to follow other Q&A if default method fails.

By the way if you do not need to use OLE objects and MS Word extensions like MathType of Adobe PDFMaker then you can learn LibreOffice and use it instead.


How to give Noto Color Emoji highest precedence for rendering emoji (19.10)

One way:

Create this file:

~/.config/fontconfig/conf.d/10-prefer-emoji.conf

Give it this contents:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
        <alias>
                <family>sans-serif</family>
                <prefer>
                        <family>Noto Color Emoji</family>
                </prefer>
        </alias>
</fontconfig>

Edit:

That seems not to be sufficient (see comment).

$ fc-match -a | head -2
DejaVuSans.ttf: "DejaVu Sans" "Book"
NotoColorEmoji.ttf: "Noto Color Emoji" "Regular"

So maybe change the contents to this variant:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
        <match target="pattern">
        <test qual="any" name="family">
                <string>sans-serif</string>
        </test>
        <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="strong">
                <string>Noto Color Emoji</string>
        </edit>
        </match>
</fontconfig>

That seems to make a difference:

 $ fc-match -a | head -2
 NotoColorEmoji.ttf: "Noto Color Emoji" "Regular"
 DejaVuSans.ttf: "DejaVu Sans" "Book"


How to display in Unity an exported GMenu in DBus?

Missed some XSettings

GdkWindow *gdkwindow = gtk_widget_get_window (GTK_WIDGET (window));
gdk_x11_window_set_utf8_property (gdkwindow, "_GTK_UNIQUE_BUS_NAME", "org.gtk.example");
gdk_x11_window_set_utf8_property (gdkwindow, "_GTK_APP_MENU_OBJECT_PATH", "/org/gtk/example/menus/appmenu");


You need to go in the Terminal at the location where you extracted the bash script. After that you need to run:

sudo bash Antidote_9.5....  # (use tab completion to get the exact name of the file)

It will ask you for your password and then you'll be able to proceed with the installation.


Fork bomb protection not working : Amount of processes not limited

Turns out that /etc/security/limits.conf does work, but needs reboot before it gets interpreted. A log-out is not sufficient.

I recommend to anybody to a limit to the config file like

user hard nproc 512

Replace user with any username that you would want to limit.

Or, better:

@group hard nproc 512

Replace group with any user-group that you want to limit.


For the Netgear folks with w Readyshare folder.
the final line in the fstab file that worked:

//192.168.1.1/nas /media/nas cifs guest,uid=1000,gid=1000,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777,iocharset=utf8,rw 0 0


13.04 install stops after splash screen - ata7:00: failed command: IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE

If you're not installing from your optical drive, try unplugging it. The IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE error indicates a problem with your optical drive. If that gets the system booting, you can try plugging the device back in to another port (according to online reports, like this one, the problem can sometimes go away by changing the device to another disk controller). It might also be worth trying a new cable to the optical drive. If you're lucky, a kernel update might fix the problem, too. If not, and if unplugging the optical drive works, you might try filing a bug report with Ubuntu about this.


automatic mount of external hard disk fails

I think that for ext4 filesystems the uid and gid options are not allowed.

I tried to mount such a type of filesystem from command line giving -o uid=1000 and it gave me an error, and working without.


How to Install a version 7 update 76 of java in Ubuntu?

It could be done like this:

Remove the link:

sudo update-alternatives --remove "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk[version]/bin/java"

sudo update-alternatives --remove "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk[version]/bin/javac"

sudo update-alternatives --remove "javaws" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk[version]/bin/javaws"

Then, remove the package in the /usr/lib/jvm

sudo rm -r /usr/lib/jvm/jdk[version]

Note :

Change [version] with any version number that's contained in jdk folder's name,     example : jdk[version] = jdk1.7.0_13

For installation specific java file:

Download it from here.
Optional (if you are not logged as root you need)

sudo su

Untar the package tar -zxf jdk-7u76-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/jdk
Set Oracle's Java as default

update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java  /opt/jdk/[version]/bin/java 100

update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /opt/jdk/[version]/bin/javac 100
Check Java version if it is ok

java -version


Unable to get thunderbird mail to work with comcast

Try to change SSL type from to "none" to SSL/TLS and leave the Authentication field set to Autodetect. Better yet try to setup a new profile with imap settings that will likely be auto-detected and use the same settings with your already configured account.


How do I set Windows programs to open with Wine as opposed to Mono?

To set the default application for a specific file type, locate a file of that type in the file manager, right-click it, and select Properties. Click the Open With tab and select the application you want to use for that file type. Use the Set as default button to make the application the default application.


apt dist-upgrade and Discovery giving different update information

This looks like an issue between flatpak and Discovery.  I did

flatpak update

It showed there were updates (didn't mention the GNOME 3.32 one by name.)  I took those and the Discovery icon and its listed update went away.  I don't understand the reason behind this.  I though flatpaks updated themselves when you ran a flatpak program and I have been doing that.


How can I find and edit the php.ini file?

If you're using apache2, it's located in /etc/php5/apache2.


I assume your question goes like that: "How do I execute a downloaded program, which is not installed in the systems default executables directory?"

If you only want to use the program for a short period of time, simply mark it as executable with

chmod +x path/to/my-program

Now, you can run it with

path/to/my-program

Should your working directory be the one the program is inside, it doesn't suffice to write program. Instead, you have to do

./my-program

If you're gonna keep it, though, the most practicable thing to do is to install it manually by placing it in /usr/local/bin, the directory intended for executables not managed by the package manager.

Move or copy the executable there using

sudo mv /path/to/my-program /usr/local/bin/ # or sudo cp...

Also ensure the file is marked as executable, which is normally not true when it was downloaded from somewhere:

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/my-program

Should the program come with any special libraries or resource files, things may become a bit more complicated. If you want to comply to standards, you should move those files to /usr/local/share/my-program/, else just move them to /usr/local/bin, too (and hope noone ever sees that except for you ☺ )

Now, your program may not find those files on its own. If this is true, you can create a launcher script, e.g. /usr/bin/local/start-my-program or whatever you like:

#!/bin/bash
env PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/share/my-program/ /usr/local/bin/my-program

Also, make this one executable again with

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/start-my-program


Flex 2 not waking up from sleep in Ubuntu 14.04, brightness controls also not working

I'm not sure about Flex 2, but I do know that the normal brightness setting do not work. Don't worry though you can adjust it inside on CompizConfig. I believe it in the general compiz settings, if knot type it in  in the search bar.

If you don't have CompizConfig you can download it through the software center, or via terminal.

sudo apt-get install CompizConfig-settings-manager

then

sudo apt-get update

then

sudo apt-get install compiz-plugin-extras

You can also use CompizConfig to do all kinds of cool desktop effects...such ass wobbly windows, and the desktop cube. Be careful you can damage your desktop beyond repair.

As far as Flex 2 goes i don't know anything about that.This should fix your brightness issues but someone else will have to help with the Flex issues.


What is the meaning of this Upstart init error?

It means you don't have permissions to tell Upstart what to do. As you said, you're missing sudo and normal user has no permissions to start or stop system jobs. The cryptic string is just very engineerish (and exact) way to say it :-)


Radeon HD 2000, 3000, 4000 on Ubuntu 12.04.2 and higher: fglrx (legacy) unsupported, what to do?

If using AMD/ATI GPU drivers: Run the following command to remove them, and reboot:

sudo apt-get purge fglrx

Don't reinstall them as ATI cards (rather AMD Catalyst) currently don't support Unity-3D.

As to the optionsyou have, I'd suggest #1: Wait for AMD/ATI to catch up.


It's another one of those fun new bugs caused by the new Java (it broke Arduino, too, in multiple annoying ways). The bug report is here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/eclipse/+bug/1754886.

Essentially, there's some sort of recursive dependency with multiple versions of a library required by different parts of the program, and they won't fix the bug since "This is only one of the more obvious bugs affecting Eclipse" and they don't have enough people on it.

For some reason, they also have not packaged the newer Eclipse (we are an entire major version later at this point) except in the Snap Store (it shows up if you search Eclipse in the GUI software center), which is where the mentioned "other version of Eclipse" comes from.

Your options are to download Eclipse from their site or to install the Snap if you want to keep using the program (and Netbeans broke too, for the same Java reasons). I would personally install the version from their site, but snaps hypothetically are safer and easier to set up.


How to make python2 find the old python-gtop?

It is possible by downloading and installing all necessary dependencies manually:
cd ~/Downloads
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/p/pygtk/python-gtk2_2.24.0-6_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gnome-python-desktop/python-gtop_2.32.0+dfsg-1_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libg/libgtop2/libgtop2-7_2.28.5-2_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install ./python-gtk2_2.24.0-6_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./libgtop2-7_2.28.5-2_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./python-gtop_2.32.0+dfsg-1_amd64.deb


How to restore delete key functionality?

You can run this in a gnome-terminal and hopefully find the plugin that's stealing your Del key:

for i in $(gconftool-2 --get /apps/compiz-1/general/screen0/options/active_plugins|sed "s/\[\|\]//g"|sed "s/,/ /g"); do echo "# $i:"; gconftool-2 -a /apps/compiz-1/plugins/"$i"/screen0/options | grep "_key\|_button\|trigger_\|initiate\ \|panel_first_menu\|keyboard_focus\|execute_command\|show_launcher" | grep -v "Disabled\|=[[:space:]]*$" | sort; done; echo -e "\n# metacity overrides:"; gconftool-2 -a /apps/metacity/global_keybindings | grep -v "disabled\|cycle\|switch_panels" | sort; gconftool-2 -a /apps/metacity/window_keybindings | grep -v "disabled" | sort


Strange things happen :) I found a topic on one forum (guy encountered almost the same problem, but his video card did appear in lspci) and i copied code for xorg.conf from there:

Section "ServerLayout"
    Identifier  "Layout0"
    Option      "AutoAddDevices" "false"
    Option      "AutoAddGPU" "false"
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "DiscreteNvidia"
    Driver      "nvidia"
    VendorName  "NVIDIA Corporation"
    BusID "PCI:02:00:0"

#   If the X server does not automatically detect your VGA device,
#   you can manually set it here.
#   To get the BusID prop, run `lspci | egrep 'VGA|3D'` and input the data
#   as you see in the commented example.
#   This Setting may be needed in some platforms with more than one
#   nvidia card, which may confuse the proprietary driver (e.g.,
#   trying to take ownership of the wrong device). Also needed on Ubuntu 13.04.
#

#   Setting ProbeAllGpus to false prevents the new proprietary driver
#   instance spawned to try to control the integrated graphics card,
#   which is already being managed outside bumblebee.
#   This option doesn't hurt and it is required on platforms running
#   more than one nvidia graphics card with the proprietary driver.
#   (E.g. Macbook Pro pre-2010 with nVidia 9400M + 9600M GT).
#   If this option is not set, the new Xorg may blacken the screen and
#   render it unusable (unless you have some way to run killall Xorg).
    Option "ProbeAllGpus" "false"

    Option "NoLogo" "true"
    Option "UseEDID" "false"
    Option "UseDisplayDevice" "none"
EndSection

Put it in my /etc/X11/xorg.conf , but ubuntu got freezed after first reboot. But after the second one it did boot and recognized my card..somehow. Although there is no xorg.conf in /etc/X11/ now.

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller (rev 09)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GK107M [GeForce GT 650M] (rev a1)

Now i've installed nvidia-346 and nvidia-prime as @Pilot6 suggested and will see if it will work.
I have no idea what happened. If someone knows, please tell me.


how to download ubuntu from the official site through BitTorrent download

If you browse the releases site for the version / flavour you need, you'll find torrent files in each folder.
http://releases.ubuntu.com/


Remote desktop connection similar to Windows XP

Remmina  remote desktop is the pre-installed remote desktop app in Ubuntu.

Start Remmina by typing it in the Dash.
Select New Connection
Provide a name and select the RDP-Windows Terminal Service
Provide all the data you used to use on your XP machine to connect to your employers computer in the basic tab.
Click connect

You can find a step by step guide with screenshots here.


How to Stop Oracle Java proccess ; eat internet bandwidth and processer

Java is probably getting updated/upgraded. You can stop this process if you don't want java to be updated. By right-clicking on the process when in System Monitor and clicking on "Kill process".

If this does not stop java, open a terminal Ctrl+Alt+t and type the following:

sudo killall oracle-java*

This will kill all oracle-java processes on your system.


The defaults for the GUI application file-roller can also be changed:

Set 7z compression level using GUI in Ubuntu

Be aware that "ultra" may not be very efficient and will just take longer to compress while producing no significant difference in resulting file size than the default settings and may also introduce incompatibilities with other programs.

It should be:

7z a -tzip -mx=9

According to: file:///usr/share/doc/p7zip-full/DOCS/MANUAL/switches/method.htm

This is a link to your filesystem, just put it in the address bar of your webbrowser.

If you are currently not on a computer where the package is installed you could download the DEB package and browse it with another archiver. If my memory serves me correctly, almost the same file should be included in the Windows installer.

  Zip

Parameter                     Default     Description
x=[0 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 ]    5           Sets level of compression.
m={MethodID}                  Deflate     Sets a method: Copy, Deflate, Deflate64, BZip2, LZMA, PPMd.
fb={NumFastBytes}             32          Sets number of Fast Bytes for Deflate encoder.
pass={NumPasses}              1           Sets number of Passes for Deflate encoder.
d={Size}[b|k|m]               900000      Sets Dictionary size for BZip2
mem={Size}[b|k|m]             24          Sets size of used memory for PPMd.
o={Size}                      8           Sets model order for PPMd.
mt=[off | on | {N}]           on          Sets multithreading mode.
em={EncryptionMethodID}       ZipCrypto   Sets a encryption method: ZipCrypto, AES128, AES192, AES256
tc=[off | on]                 off         Stores NTFS timestamps for files: Modification time, Creation time, Last access time.
cl=[off | on]                 off         7-Zip always uses local code page for file names.
cu=[off | on]                 off         7-Zip uses UTF-8 for file names that contain non-ASCII symbols.

  By default (if cl and cu switches are not specified), 7-Zip uses UTF-8
  encoding only for file names that contain symbols unsupported by local
  code page.

  x=[0 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 ]

  Sets level of compression. x=0 means Copy mode (no compression).

  Deflate / Deflate64 settings:

Level NumFastBytes    NumPasses   Description
1     32              1           Fastest
3                                 Fast
5                                 Normal
7     64              3           Maximum
9     128             10          Ultra

  x=1 and x=3 with Deflate method
  set fast mode for compression.

  BZip2 settings:

Level Dictionary  NumPasses   Description
1     100000      1           Fastest
3     500000                  Fast
5     900000                  Normal
7                 2           Maximum
9                 7           Ultra

  fb={NumFastBytes}

  Sets the number of fast bytes for the Deflate/Deflate64 encoder. It can be in the range from 3 to 258 (257 for Deflate64). Usually, a big number gives a little bit better compression ratio and a slower compression process. A large fast bytes parameter can significantly increase the compression ratio for files which contain long identical sequences of bytes.

  pass={NumPasses}

  Sets number of passes for Deflate encoder. It can be in the range from 1 to 15 for Deflate and from 1 to 10 for BZip2. Usually, a big number gives a little bit better compression ratio and a slower compression process.

  d={Size}[b|k|m]

  Sets the Dictionary size for BZip2. You must specify the size in bytes, kilobytes, or megabytes. The maximum value for the Dictionary size is 900000b. If you do not specify any symbol from set [b|k|m], dictionary size will be calculated as DictionarySize = 2^Size bytes.

  mem={Size}[b|k|m]

  Sets the size of memory used for PPMd. You must specify the size in bytes, kilobytes, or megabytes. The maximum value is 256 MB = 2^28 bytes. The default value is 24 (16MB). If you do not specify any symbol from the set [b|k|m], the memory size will be calculated as (2^Size) bytes. PPMd uses the same amount of memory for compression and decompression.

  o={Size}

  Sets the model order for PPMd. The size must be in the range [2,16]. The default value is 8.

  mt=[off | on | {N}]

  Sets multithread mode. If you have a multiprocessor or multicore system, you can get a speed increase with this switch. This option affects only compression (with any method) and decompression of BZip2 streams. Each thread in the multithread mode uses 32 MB of RAM for buffering. If you specify {N}, 7-Zip tries
  to use N threads.


Thanks for giving it a try Gabriela, turned out I simply needed to choose the Logical Volume Manager option during installation


New to Linux, I'm getting this recurring error "ERROR "update-grub" returned an error: exit status 1 " please advise

I recently had the exact same issue with Kubuntu 20.04.  The problem is that the /boot partition has run out of spare space to update the kernel properly. Hence it repeatedly fails on each retry (i.e. sudo apt upgrade).   You can check this by running df-H and if the Avail space is low (say under 100MB) for the /boot mount then you may run into the issue you are seeing.  First try sudo apt clean and sudo apt autoremove then sudo apt upgrade to see if it automatically clears up space to fix the error. If not, see my solution below.
To fix it you need to free up the space on your /boot. How I did it:

Run sudo dpkg --list | egrep -i --color 'linux-image|linux-headers' to give you a list of installed kernels and kernel-headers in your /boot.
Now you need to uninstall all of the ones you dont want EXCEPT the current kernel (find out current kernel by running uname -r). You probably should KEEP any kernel newer than the current kernel too.
Uninstall each kernel and kernel-header you dont want using:
sudo apt purge {kernel-package-name}

For example I ran:
sudo apt purge linux-image-5.4.0-26-generic
...
sudo apt purge linux-headers-5.4.0-26-generic
...
sudo apt purge linux-image-5.4.0-33-generic
...
sudo apt purge linux-headers-5.4.0-33-generic
...
And so on...

Once you have removed enough kernels to free up space, restart your PC then try sudo apt update and sudo apt upgrade again and see if it succeeds and the error message goes away.

In future when it fills up again you may have to repeat this. I always thought the old kernels should get removed automatically or by using sudo apt clean and/or sudo apt autoremove but it seems not the case on some installs.
If anyone knows how to auto-remove old kernels please share


How to enable extra typographic characters in Ubuntu 13.10?

Keyboard Layout, now called Text Entry, has undergone many changes in the new version of Ubuntu - 13.10 and there is not such a option anymore. At least for now.

Instead, you can use English (US international with dead keys) rather than English (US).


bashrc volume changes do not always work

Changes done it .bashrc are not permanent. This file is sourced (loaded) only when you open your terminal.

If you want to set it up every time you log in you can create simple bash script:

editor ~/set_sink_volume.sh

and paste:

#!/bin/bash

pactl -- set-sink-volume 0 200%

Remember to add permissions to be able to execute this script:

chmod u+x ~/set_sink_volume.sh

Then go to Applications Menu -> Startup applications

Add new item with:

Name: Set sink volume
Command: ~/set_sink_volume.sh.

And that's it.

Alternatively you can add startup item manualy through terminal:

editor ~/.config/autostart/set_sink_volume.sh.desktop

Then paste and save this:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=~/set_sink_volume.sh
Hidden=false
NoDisplay=false
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true
Name[pl_PL]=Set sink volume
Name=Set sink volume
Comment[pl_PL]=Set sink volume
Comment=Set sink volume


Ok, your interfaces file is messed up.

# Source a directory for other configuration
source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto enp3s0
iface enp3s0 inet static
address 192.168.1.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.254
dns-nameservers 192.168.1.5

That's how it should look like.
Adjust your /etc/network/interfaces with the above and restart your networking with sudo systemctl restart networking.service and everything should be set-up correctly.


wifi usb adapter working on a computer but not in another one

You can try installing "wpa_gui". I had the same repeated ask for a password on my system (Lubuntu 16.04.1)

Wpa_gui is the interface I use to get my adapter to connect to a router using wpa.  You also need to get wpa_supplicant running as a service. You can use "/usr/sbin/service wpa_supplicant restart" to get the service running.  You can also install "linssid" to get clear information about what parameters you should use when creating the network (wpa?, encryption). All of these tools should be run from a terminal window using sudo (e.g. sudo wpa_gui, sudo linssid).

Then, ignore all the other ways to connect the adapter, and all the notifications from other tools.  Do everything from within wpa_gui.  There is a status page in wpa_gui. Good luck.


changing permissions of `nyccrash.txt': Operation not permitted

You should not be able to fix this yourself and need help from the admin.

Renaming or copying the file should not be possible since your username is more than likely to be part of others (and not part of user or group).

Either your user has to be in the same group as the apache user or you need more permissions on only that file or you need to be a sudoer.


You are using lvm or btrfs for your / partition.

This is made by design, because grub can't write to either of those. This may lead to unablity to enter grub after a boot failure.

If you are sure that's not a problem for you, add GRUB_RECORDFAIL_TIMEOUT=0 to /etc/default/grub and run

sudo update-grub

Otherwise consider making a separate /boot partition formatted to ext2.


Sync or import .ics calendar to Ubuntu Phone?

As far as I know you must have a google account or a caldav server to sync Calendar with Ubuntu Phone.


/etc/rc.d/init.d/wipefs start cpu problem

So I found wipefs running on a server, turns out it was a script that had come in through an outdated glassfish service.  Please run dpkg --verify to see if your package has been compromised.  You will need to get a copy of the original wipefs to put back the correct file.  Check that your system hasn't been compromised and remove all the /etc/rc* scripts that it creates.


How do I run wireshark, with root-privileges?

For WireShark there's a better way. The bit that normally needs root is the packet collection application and this can be configured to allow certain people to use it without sudo, gksu, etc.

In a terminal (very important that you're in a terminal, not just the Alt+F2 dialogue) run this:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure wireshark-common

This will ask you if you want to allow non-root user to be able to sniff. That's what we're aiming for, so select Yes and hit return.

This adds a wireshark group. Anybody in that group will be able to sniff without being root. This is obviously more secure than just letting anybody sniff but does mean there's no password checking. Technically any person with access to a computer logged in with a wireshark account will be able to sniff. If that's acceptable to you, carry on.

If not, run that again and select no.

Then you just need to add the user to that group. Run this:

sudo adduser $USER wireshark

And restart or log out. When you're back in it should let you start sniffing without any fuss about being root.


dpkg: "Package is in a very bad inconsistent state" how to fix it?

Package is in a very bad inconsistent state - you should
  reinstall it before attempting configuration.

You have to reinstall the package:

sudo apt-get --reinstall install gcc-4.8-base:i386


Missing package when installing Ubuntu SDK on 13.10 64 bit

Since "you have held broken packages":

Have you tried apt-get install -f?

  -f, --fix-broken
  Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place. This option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages to permit APT to deduce a likely solution.


vmplayer problem - VMWare Kernel Module Updater doesn't run since 13.04 upgrade

Found a fix for this problem.  The following will force it to fix itself

sudo vmware-modconfig --console --install-all


Attempting to setup Ubuntu 12.04 SSH Server: -bash: /etc/hostname: Permission denied

You'll need administrative privileges to edit a file which is not owned by you. To execute the command echo server1.example.com > /etc/hostname, you will have to do the following:

sudo -i

enter your password if you are the administrator or if you are not, ask the administrator to enter the password

and then

echo server1.example.com > /etc/hostname


Virtualbox Resolution: Ubuntu Gnome 16.04 Host - OS X El Capitan Guest

Try this answer, it worked for me with OS X Lion.

I'm not sure it will work for El Capitan


Is the Ubuntu Landscape $0.01/hr pricing based on machine runtime?

Yes, the Landscape SaaS counts managed hours. Hours where a machine are off should not count in the usage.


Can you assign your own name to bookmarks or favorite places with Ubuntu?

Assuming you use Firefox as your default browser, simply right-click on your website of choice and use Bookmark This Page from the pop-up menu.

A dialog window/pop-up, like in the screenshot below appears, where you can change/put a custom name for the site you are about to add to your bookmarks.

Name:   Put in your custom name
Folder: Make sure you choose "Bookmarks Toolbar"

After that is done you additionally can choose Bookmarks from the Main-menubar and choose Show All Bookmarks - see 2nd screenshot.

From there you are able to further customize all of your bookmarks, ▸ like grouping, renaming, changing url(s), separating bookmarks with separators etc..


Open man pages in help window using terminal

yelp or gnome-helpis the application you are looking for. These are part of system document browser. You can open manual pages in different window (as shown in the image in your question) from terminal as,

yelp man:command

or,

gnome-help man:command

For example, to get man page for python in different window.

yelp man:python

You can also open file and info also using gnome-help. [source]

yelp file:///usr/share/gnome/help/gcalctool/C/gcalctool.xml
yelp info:make


Is locking the computer (Ctrl+Alt+L) the only possibility of achieving what I want?

No. Services will still be active when you log out. So you could rewrite those processes to run as a service (if not already available). Or create a script that does what you want to do and include that as a service or crontab job.

I would expect the encryption to be re-actived when you log out(?)

  Second: Is the lock screen secure enough to prevent "Mallory" from accessing the encrypted drive?

Well... nothing is secure if someone can physically access your machine. What is preventing someone to reboot the machine by cutting of the power and boot with a live cd and just format your disc?

To make things worse: there is probably a way to circumvent the lock screen. Also reported here. I have not seen a fix for debian/ubuntu so you might want to test if it is possible to do on your machine.


I would suggest the following:

Option # 1:

Try fixing the missing packages by running the following command in the terminal:

sudo dpkg --configure -a && sudo apt update --fix-missing && sudo apt install -f && sudo apt full-upgrade

If errors are encountered, try removing the the apt lock by running the following in the terminal:

sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/lock

Then:

sudo rm /var/cache/apt/archives/lock

Then run the command again:

sudo dpkg --configure -a && sudo apt update --fix-missing && sudo apt install -f && sudo apt full-upgrade

If this does not solve the problem, please move to option # 2 below.

Option # 2:

To attempt to repair broken packages in the recovery mode, please follow these steps ( It is advised to connect your machine to Internet via Ethernet cable before you start ):

Reboot your system.
Hold the Shift key as soon as you pass the BIOS logo to enter the GRUB boot menu. You might need to repeat steps 1 and 2 a few times before you finally succeed.
Once you see the options screen, select Advanced options for Ubuntu and press Enter:

In the next screen select the second line (the on with recovery mode) and press Enter:

Wait for the initial boot process to finish and a second screen with options appears. Select Enable networking and press Enter:

If presented with a yes/no screen, choose yes and press Enter:

If all goes well, you should be now connected to the Internet. You will know if it succeeds when the options screen shows up again. Now select Repair broken packages and press Enter:

If presented with a yes/no screen, choose yes and press Enter:

When you see at the command prompt Do you want to continue? type Y and press Enter:

If all goes well, the options screen will show up again:

Reboot your machine.


Can auto-hide for the application menu be turned off in Unity?

16.04 and later (unity 7)

In addition to the gsettings menu option introduced in 15.04, this has been added to Settings - Appearance:

15.04, 15.10 & 14.04

15.04 now has the ability to toggle the global menu as well as the local integrated menus (Via System Settings - Appearance - Behaviour tab) to be permanently on or off.

If you are running a fully up-to-date version of 14.04, this same ability has been backported.

To switch on permanently:

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity always-show-menus true

To switch off i.e. to autohide:

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity always-show-menus false

12.10 through to 13.10 + 14.10

There is an implementation report which has some speculative suggestions as to the global menu including the ability to have the ability to always turn-on the global menu.

Unfortunately for these versions of Ubuntu the auto-hide ability was not implemented

12.04

The global menu cannot be prevented from autohiding using the standard Unity install.

Unlike previous versions of Unity where opening an application never showed the global menu, in 12.04, the global menu appears for two seconds after an application has been launched before fading.

... you can also delay the autohiding of the global menu for up-to 10 seconds

gconftool-2 -t int -s /apps/compiz-1/plugins/unityshell/screen0/options/menus_discovery_duration 10

third-party solutions

Recently ubuntu-forums published a solution to always display the global-menu (i.e. it never hides).

This solution involves adding a custom version of Unity to your installation.  Thus - you are dependent on the PPA maintainer for future Unity releases etc.  Whether this dog eats your cat - I'll leave for you to monitor the ubuntuforums thread.  I will not vouch for its veracity or stability.


How to install the Gimp normal maps add on for Ubuntu 18.04?

The page has a Download gimp-normalmap section. Since you are likely running a 64-bit Linux you click on the "amd64"(*) link in the "architecture" column.

That page in turn tells you how to install an additional repository (recommended option). If you do so, sudo apt update (to refresh repository info) followed by sudo apt install gimp-normalmap will install the plugin (with the right architecture for your installed system).

If you want to be more "manual", click any of the mirrors to download the .deb file from it. Then right-clicking the .deb in any GUI file manager will likely have an option to install it.

Side note: Gimp 2.10 is a major overhaul (IMHO it should have been named 3.0). On the whole, it is much better/powerful than 2.8 but still has plenty of little quirks, that will eventually be ironed out. Compatibility of some plugins isn't guaranteed. 2.9 was a development version, and as such has more debug features, isn't performance enhanced, still misses some functionality, and will complain about the use of any deprecated stuff. No point using 2.9 if you are on 18.04.

(*) "amd64" is just the name of the architecture for 64-bit Intel/AMD processors because AMD invented it first. It runs on processor from both  manufacturers.


automatically entering passphrase in openssl command

Found a way of doing it without using expect:

You basically need to include --passin pass:'your_passphrase' in the command

For example: sudo openssl x509 -req -in client.csr -CA /etc/mosquitto/ca_certificates/ca.crt -CAkey /etc/mosquitto/ca_certificates/ca.key -CAcreateserial -out client.crt --passin pass:1234 -days 15;

Source

There are other ways of doing it, such as loading a password file, which is more secure, as discussed here


Data manipulation of libreoffice calc (spreadsheet) using terminal commands

The easiest way is to save the file from libreoffice in a standardised CSV format, usually with "," as delimiter and quoting text in ("), and saving formulas as such. Your data should look like this:

7,444,5555,99,"bcdef"
22,444,5555,99,"bcdef"

You can then manipulate this with a simple awk command (for example). You can include formulas in the fields by beginning them with "=". For example,

5,99,"=(B5*(B1/A1))"

You then read this .csv file back in libreoffice. Normally it should preserve the formulas.

Here's an example awk script to manipulate a file example.csv into file new.csv replacing the columns as you specified, with Cn having the formula ((An+Bn)*C5).

awk -F, <example.csv >new.csv '
NR<=4 { printf "%s,%s\n",$1,$4 }
NR==5 { printf "%s,%s,\"%s\"\n",$1,$4,"=(B5*(B1/A1))" }
NR>=6 { printf "%s,%s,\"=((A%d+B%d)*C%d)\"\n",$1,$4,NR,NR,5; }
'

You can convert the new.csv to .ods with:

libreoffice --convert-to ods new.csv

If your data contains "," and (") you need to change the delimiters used everywhere.

(To save cells with formulas as csv do: Save As, File type Text CSV, tick Edit Filter Settings, Save, Field options: tick Save cell formulas, tick Quote all text cells.)

I looked at your example data.csv file and in my discussion copied it to example.csv. I've removed line 1 "A,B,C,D,E" (the column headers) as this makes it harder to explain the correspondance of line numbers in the file to rows in the table. I did this with this sed command:

sed -i '1{/A,B,C/d}' example.csv

You can restore the header at the end if you need it with:

sed -i '1i\A,B,C' new.csv

If you want to actually do the formula arithmetic outside libreoffice you can do this in awk as follows. awk reads the data one row at a time and executes each command in {}. $1 gets set to column 1 and so on (as -F, means columns are separated by ","). We can save these values in an array indexed by the row number, eg A[NR]=$1 saves column 1 (column A) of row NR (current line) in array A. C[NR] can be set to the resulting calculation. We can then use these again in later lines:

awk -F, <example.csv >new.csv '
      { A[NR]=$1; B[NR]=$4 }
NR<=4 { printf "%s,%s\n",A[NR],B[NR] }
NR==5 { C[NR] = B[5]*(B[1]/A[1]); printf "%s,%s,%s\n",A[NR],B[NR],C[NR] }
NR>=6 { C[NR] = (A[NR]+B[NR])*C[5]; printf "%s,%s,%s\n",A[NR],B[NR],C[NR] }
'


Does Swap Space Use Real RAM To Keep It On?

Quoting from Ubuntu website

  Swap space is the area on a hard disk which is part of the Virtual
  Memory of your machine, which is a combination of accessible physical
  memory (RAM) and the swap space. Swap space temporarily holds memory
  pages that are inactive. Swap space is used when your system decides
  that it needs physical memory for active processes and there is
  insufficient unused physical memory available. If the system happens
  to need more memory resources or space, inactive pages in physical
  memory are then moved to the swap space therefore freeing up that
  physical memory for other uses.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SwapFaq

So in short swap is place in harddisk used to store RAM data.


Can't change resolv.conf (tried other answers)

Install resolvconf: sudo apt-get install resolvconf and once done edit /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base and put your nameservers in it:

nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

Once done, run sudo resolvconf -u

That should do it, alternatively, you can use a "workaround" (I would not unless I have to) and edit /etc/rc.local and put the following two lines:

echo 8.8.8.4 >> /etc/resolv.conf
echo 8.8.8.4 >> /etc/resolv.conf

That would append the lines to /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf because /etc/resolv.conf is a symbolic link to /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf.

But for that to run, the /etc/rc.local file must exist with the right content + permissions:

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 658 Feb 11 17:31 /etc/rc.local

In case yours does not exist (and I wouldn't expect it to), create one with the following content and make sure you change the permissions as shown above:

#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.

echo 8.8.8.4 >> /etc/resolv.conf
echo 8.8.8.4 >> /etc/resolv.conf

exit 0

I hope this helps.

Just for the record:

tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,size=1637540k,mode=755

/run is a tmpfs which means any changes done to any path within/run are wiped out once you reboot your system.


How to safely back up the "Private" folder?

As it turns out, the .Private filesystem is ecryptfs, which contains a separate encrypted file for each item.

My solution is to backup the contents of ~/.Private (even though it is mounted at the time).  The backup process should handle any changes in that folder gracefully since they are individual files.


After installing newer Nvidia driver - Brightness locks at MAX

If anyone comes here with the same issue: Waiting for the bug fix: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-graphics-drivers-455/+bug/1905591


If the IP and the gateway are correct, maybe the problem is de DNS server. Have you tried ping to some known URL and then its IP address?

Try this:

ping google.com

And then this:

ping 173.194.41.232 #This is also google.

If only the second command works, the problem is the DNS server. Also try to make two queris, the second specifying which DNS server to use:

nslookup google.com
nslookup google.com 8.8.8.8

If that is the problem, add the server manually:

sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 8.8.8.8


Disable Left ALT + Button 1 Grab and Move Window Ubuntu 18.04

If you're using Ubuntu 18.04 with the default desktop environment (GNOME), installing the GNOME Tweak Tool with sudo apt install gnome-tweaks will give you an option to disable this.


How can one enable double-tapping to zoom in Firefox?

Have you tried firefox extensions? This one, for example has shortcuts that late you zoom

zoom-page


The issue that you describe seems to derive from a not properly working NVIDIA graphics card. Generally you should use the drivers from the official Ubuntu repositories. When you encounter problems with these drivers - you can install the more current drivers from the GPU Drivers PPA. This often leads to properly working graphics, especially on very new NVIDIA GEFORCE adapters.

First uninstall the currently installed NVIDIA drivers.

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 - enter user name and password - execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Install the latest stable NVIDIA drivers for GTX 980M.

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 - enter user name and password - execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-358 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot


Can not install xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xorg-video-abi-15 because of the error of unmet dependencies

Warning ! DO NOT DELETE AND REINSALL libcheese-gtk23 or libcheese7,
If you do: it will work, but after reboot: X11 failed and you are good for reinstall ubuntu !

Try to install that (if it fail, don't force the installation)

sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get upgrade -y
sudo apt-get -f install -y
sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev-lts-utopic libglu1-mesa-dev

EDIT: may be this one

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa && sudo apt-get update
sudo ppa-purge  ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa && sudo apt-get update

Source: System settings stopped showing up


Try installing Samba. If you have the Synaptic Package Manager look for Samba. This should do the trick. SAMBA.ORG has lots of information available.


I checked charm's code and sadly there is no way to inject configuration keys into neutron.conf.

Let me suggest you to file a bug in launchpad, because it sounds like something that should be supported.

Felipe,


Ubuntu 13.04 won't boot after new AMD catalyst center

If your system has Grub BootLoader, you can choose Linux 3.x...(etc) RECOVERY MODE) this will get you into a safemode-like way.


After the timeout set in Settings > Power > Blank Screen, the screen will switch to a large digital clock and you will need to login again. Start typing your password and the clock will disappear and you'll see the login screen, complete your password and press Return.


Edit/Remove existing File Manager (right-click/context menu) actions

Some context menu items cannot be removed without going into the source code. Others are implemented by a nautilus extension. You can remove these by removing these extensions.
In a few cases, these extensions are installed by a dedicated package, like nautilus-extension-gnome-terminal, which provides the "Open in terminal" context menu. In that case, you can simply remove the package to remove the menu item.
In other cases, the extension is installed while installing a utility, e.g. the "Compres..." option is provided by fileroller. Removing that package will remove the right-click menu, but will also remove the archiving utility.
Some extensions are installed with the nautiluspackage itself.
All these extensions live as files in the /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/nautilus/extensions-3.0 folder. You can remove these files to remove the right-click functionality they provide, but the risks of directly interfering with system files is of course fully with the user.


As mentioned in the comments, above, the problem was my failing to stop the mysql service while doing this.  Thanks!


use a burning software for mac and do a 1to1 copy

I'm not a mac owner  you have to make a google query  or use

This list


Bind the windows key to Lubuntu start menu

I managed to just get this to work with 'Super_L', not 'Super'.  Hope that works.  You could also set 'Super_R' to do the same thing, if you have one.


Access to those devices is included in the default profile (no plugs needed). To verify this, try the following:

$ sudo snap install hello-world
$ apparmor_parser -p /var/lib/snapd/apparmor/profiles/snap.hello-world.env  | grep "/dev/.\?random"
  /dev/random                    r,
  /dev/urandom                   r,


How to fix the scrollbar new behaviour in Firefox

What you want is called "legacy scrolling" in gtk3: edit or create $HOME/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini to have

[Settings]

as the first line and

gtk-primary-button-warps-slider=false

on a subsequent line by itself. This works in most gtk3 applications but is said not to work in some. Alternatively, right-click instead of left-clicking works in all applications. And, if you want legacy scrolling system-wide, sudo edit /etc/gtk-3.0/settings.ini the same way.


revert to colourful panel icons in 12.04

Install  myunity .

You can change the icons and themes as below. Do go back to default theme and icon set. Click on Default Settings.

Note: While changing icons,first choose default settings. Otherwise icons may not change correctly


Industry standard for VOIP is the Asterisk server. Inside it you configure which telephony protocols are supported, who is allowed to call and to whom the calls are routed.

As a client you can use some command-line softphone. It will be easy to integrate it into the project with some shell scripting.

Or you can take a VOIP library that supports SIP, H323 or whatever protocol and integrate it directly into the application. If it is a web application - WebRTC protocol is emerging now.

To start, install some SIP phone with GUI from the Ubuntu repository, set up Asterisk and several accounts on different machines. Call the number of one account from the other.


40030 is the client side port, or source port. If I run ssh foobar@example.com, and interrupt the login before sending a password, the following will turn up in the logs:

Apr  5 16:09:15 example.com sshd[8164]: Connection closed by 192.168.0.1 port 54250 [preauth]

From the beginning, there's the timestamp, the machines name (example.com), which daemon[pid of daemon]: what happened by which client on which port [in which stage]

So this was a connection from 52.167.224.94, remote port 40030, probably to sshd on your machine, that were closed by the remote end during pre-authentication.

The port range the connection comes from is called ephemeral ports, and vary a bit by OS, but is generally >25000.

When you quote log lines, include the whole line. If there's any private info, redact it and indicate that it's redacted.


What dpkg wants is for both packages to have the same version. In principle it's the same package, but one is for i386 (32-bit) while the other is amd64 (64-bit). So you have two options:

sudo apt-get install libuuid1:i386, in the hopes that this will install version 2.20.1-5.1ubuntu20.6 and resolve the conflict.
sudo apt-get remove libuuid1:i386, completely removing that package and leaving only libuuid1:amd64. This may also remove other packages which may or may not be needed, but I can't tell based on the information you gave.


After 11.02 version, Shockwave has stopped support for Linux.

For detailed information refer to answer: Shockwave Flash crashes with Chromium and Firefox

A possible work around is that you can install the Windows version of Shockwave using wine, as described here.

Other possible reason for your problem may be is that you are using Ubuntu 15.10 which is quite not as stable as Ubuntu LTS versions like 14.04(Trusty Tahr) and the upcoming 16.04(Xenial Xerus).


How to change folder permission with chroot

Two options come into my mind:

Either boot from an USB stick (or something similar), mount / (or /home) as
read-write and then issue chown with the numerical userid instead
of the textual one:

chown -R noon:noon /home/noon/.config
chown: invalid user: ‘noon:noon’

chown -R 1000:1000 /home/noon/.config
# -> works, even if 1000:1000 doesn't exist on the USB stick version

Of course, the 1000 should match the actual id of user noon on the
installed system. Check that in the installed system's /etc/passwd file.
Or boot into recovery mode from the grub menu, drop to a root shell and from
there run

chown -R noon:noon /home/noon/.config


Why does 'top' say that there are two users when I have only created one?

Top says how many users are logged in. Most probably it is only you, but having two shells open.

If you want to know how many users can login to, just list the /home directory. The system users you should figure out from /etc/passwd, but they are not shown in top.


Broadcom brcm80211 installation from source

There is no need of doing this much stuff. with brcmsmac your wifi should work fine but it only supports managed and monitor mode. There is no support for ad-hoc, access point and bridges yet. So a better option is use a "wl0" driver which supports managed and ad-hoc modes plus bridges and works much better. Procedure for installation:

1-sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

or
    you can install it from synaptic manager also, make sure broadcom-sta-common, broadcom-sta-source, firmware-b43* are NOT INSTALLED.

2-Even if you install the wl0 driver it won't load automatically as it is blacklisted by default. So make sure "/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-bcm43.conf" file looks like this:

# Warning: This file is autogenerated by bcmwl. All changes to this file will be lost.

blacklist b43

blacklist b43legacy

blacklist ssb

#blacklist bcm43xx

#blacklist brcm80211

blacklist brcmsmac

blacklist bcma

3-If you wish you can copy above contents in your blacklist-bcm43.conf file.

4-Hope this works, best of luck! and make sure you restart your pc.


How can I hide encrypted volumes from Unity users?

Try with this solution. Is not per user.

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2198120


How do I update Character Map to increase its range

This has to do with the font as not all fonts contain all character sets. Changing the font may help.

Characters that disappeared from documents may be due to uninstalled font.


error while installing windows 7 through virtual box

Type the following command as root to verify that host cpu has support for AMD - V technology:

# grep --color svm /proc/cpuinfo

If the output has the svm flags, then AMD CPU host is capable of running hardware virtualization.
Then check in your system BIOS if the virtualization is enabled.


Tap to click working for one bot not the other user

Pressing the 'Defaults' button, which you can see in the screenshot, did the trick.


can you provide the ouptup of that command :

(if your SD card is mounted there /media/disk)

  ls -la /media/disk

Otherwise you can try to mount it from another user

  mount -t deviceFileFormat -o
  umask=filePermissons,gid=ownerGroupID,uid=ownerID /device /mountpoint


For me it seems that can simply install OpenFOAM from official repository as simple as:

sudo add-apt-repository -r "deb http://dl.openfoam.org/ubuntu focal main"
sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install openfoam

If you really need to use third-party repository - then change focal to disco as it is currently supported by OpenFOAM. Use commands below:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://dl.openfoam.org/ubuntu disco main"
cd ~/Downloads
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/c/cgal/libcgal13_4.14-5_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ./libcgal13_4.14-5_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install openfoam7


Can I have an icon on my desktop housing multiple folders?

You may want to try the Screenlet FolderView. It will not give you the roll-over effect, but can help you categories elements on desktop.

To install Screenlets, run the following in a terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:screenlets/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install screenlets

The FolderView screenlet will show you the content of a folder in a "fence" -- hence, for each Folderview, you have to have the stuff you want shown in it in a separate folder (located just somewhere, not necessarily on your desktop). If you want to "clean up", you can just close a given Folderview.

Here you see the main Screenlets Manager, the FolderView settings where the portrayed folder is chosen and the screenlet it self on the right. There are a lot of customization options with respect to the look of each FolderView screenlet.


I have learned of a partial solution from youtube comments and a few other locations. Assuming you are using a USB mouse unplug the mouse, start Draftsight, the plug the mouse in. The mouse wheel doesn't seem to work so zoomiing is a pain but the cursor is at least usable.
[Z] [Enter] [E] [Enter] to zoom to the limits of the drawing
[Z] [Enter] [W] [Enter] to draw a zoom window


how to make a BASH script to find all php.ini files in dir tree and append text to them

I'd choose this approach:

#!/bin/bash
path='/path'
line1='foo'
line2='bar'
while read f; do
    if [ ! "$(grep "$line1" "$f")" ] && [ ! "$(grep "$line2" "$f")" ]; then
        echo "$line1" >> "$f"
        echo "$line2" >> "$f"
    fi
done < <(find "$path" -type f -name 'php.ini')

Some notes:

$path is declared / initialized internally, but it may well be passed as an argument to the script with very few / little modifications if more convenient;
find "$path" -type f -name 'php.ini' is executed in an external shell and its output is redirected to the while loop using a process substitution, because piping its output directly to the while loop would have left $line1 and $line2 out of the while loop's scope;
-type f in find "$path" -type f -name 'php.ini' might be redundant, but just to be safe;
The two echo commands could have been merged into a single echo command, but that would have required to add an -e option to escape the \n sequence; without knowing the exact strings to be appended (which might contain other escape sequences), not using an -e option and using two echo commands is safer;

The script searches, recursively, for any file named php.ini in the $path path; for each file, if both the grep commands into the if statement don't return 0 (i.e. if neither a line containing / matching the $line1 string nor a line containing / matching the $line2 string is found in the file), $line1 and $line2 are appended at the end of the file.

Sample output on a test hierarchy:

user@debian ~/tmp % tree -a
.
├── 1
│   ├── 2
│   │   ├── 3
│   │   │   ├── file
│   │   │   └── php.ini
│   │   ├── file
│   │   └── php.ini
│   ├── file
│   └── php.ini
└── script.sh

3 directories, 7 files
user@debian ~/tmp % find 1 -type f -exec bash -c 'echo -e "{}:\n"; cat {}; echo' \;
1/php.ini:

foo
bar
another line

1/file:

foo
bar
another line

1/2/3/php.ini:

foo
bar
another line

1/2/3/file:

foo
bar
another line

1/2/php.ini:

just one line

1/2/file:

foo
bar
another line

user@debian ~/tmp % bash script.sh
user@debian ~/tmp % find 1 -type f -exec bash -c 'echo -e "{}:\n"; cat {}; echo' \;
1/php.ini:

foo
bar
another line

1/file:

foo
bar
another line

1/2/3/php.ini:

foo
bar
another line

1/2/3/file:

foo
bar
another line

1/2/php.ini:

just one line
foo
bar

1/2/file:

foo
bar
another line


Unable to start CopyQ - despite process working

The answer to the question is here (https://github.com/hluk/CopyQ/issues/1526):
sh -c "sleep 10; copyq"

Just add hacky delay in order to run the app. For me it works.


Sorry, that is not possible.

The preseed file will always pick up the current version so this will always be the latest point release.


That package is available from the Universe repository, if apt can't find it this probably means you are missing that repo in your sources.

Take a look at the sources file:

cat /etc/apt/sources.list

And make sure it includes these lines

deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted universe
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise restricted main multiverse universe

deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe
deb-src http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates restricted main multiverse universe

Note that to change this file you'll need root permissions, e.g.:

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

After adding these lines run apt-get update and try to install the package again.


Now there are two things that can happen here:

Ubuntu restarts by properly shutting down the way you normally shut down by pressing power off -> shut down. You will see services shutting down and eventually computer shutting down. In that case the problem is a software issue and should be addressed. In that case submit a bug as described in another thread:
https://askubuntu.com/a/5126/329836
whole computer shuts down immediately. This is related to hardware issue. There are three often causes of it:

a) already mentioned memory issues. to confirm, check with memtest.

b) PSU issues. It's hard to diagnose this without proper measurement tools, but when your PSU cannot provide enough power, or doesn't supply it consistently, the computer will not be able to process and will terminate. Please try with another power PSU cable first, this fails the most often. Then try with another power supply unit that provides enough power. I must admint, I had issues with "Bronze" PSU but never had issues with "Gold" or "Platinum" ones (yet!) although they are more pricey

c) a motherboard issue - if the memory tests and psu replacement fails it might be worth to submit this to your motherboard vendor. Sometimes such issues can be caused by wrong BIOS or components, and they will know what to do about it. (usually either bios upgrade or MOBO replacement)


Second monitor not detected on system with nVidia card

I have been able to resolve my problem by using this post: http://linuxers.org/howto/how-remove-nouveau-drivers-ubuntu

I had to use /etc/init.d/lightdm stop instead of the /etc/init.d/gdm stop in the documentation (only right after booting without having logged in via graphical login).

Also, prior to starting the nVidia driver setup, I had to run apt-get install linux-headers-3.5.0-17-generic, because the nVidia driver setup searched for those.


How To SSH From Host (Win7) to Guest (Ubuntu Server 10.04)

You need to find what IP the guest is using.

If it's using Bridged networking, then it will have gotten an IP from your router and be on your network like any other device. [edit to add: bear in mind if you have no DHCP on your network, you'll have to handle the IP assignment yourself]

If it's using NAT, VirtualBox runs a dhcpd and assigns the guest an internal address. The host should still be able to see this internal IP (but no other box on your network can).

In a Terminal on your guest, run ifconfig and try ssh to the IP shown for eth0 from your host.


It was a hardware problem more than a software one : I ended up resetting the BIOS to the default settings, but doing this wasn't enough : unplugging the charger cable and removing the battery before restarting my computer was needed too.

Maybe if I had just tried removing the battery and charger, without resetting the BIOS fist, it would have been enough (since I can't remember having made any significant change on the BIOS before), but I tried the other way round.

This problem was triggered when my virtual memory got overloaded, so I guess it makes sense it was solved when no energy was given to my laptop to keep anything in it.
Until now I thought rebooting a computer was enough to clean the memory, but apparently not.


I think I found the answer by myself, by chance.

Muon discover has an important option in its menu. It is called "Show technical packages" which is available in the popup options menu (the one with a wand like icon in the top right corner of the window).
To make it even more counter-intuitive... the option menu icon is only visible if you have already filtered out some packages by entering a search phrase.

Wine obviously is considered such a "technical package". So setting the checkbox shows wine... and a lot of other stuff.

I wonder if this is the way it should behave.


If your browser requests a URL from the server that is not really a file but a directory, like http://example.com, the server looks in the directory for a file like index.htm, index.html, index.php and maybe others. If it can't find such a file, it may serve a "directory listing" instead, if you allow it. Otherwise, it will issue a 403 error.

info.php is not one of the files that can be served as default. So if you want to retrieve info.php you will have to call that by its full name.


Ubuntu 20.10 update from 20.04 will only boot from recovery using llvmpipe for graphics

Sorry, this is not an answer, but I have no reputation to comment. I have experiencing the same issue, so I hope to bring some clues to others who can help.
I have the same chipset Haswell Celeron 2995U 1.4GHz with internal Intel graphic card.
I did upgrade from Kubuntu 20.04 to 20.10 yesterday 08 November
I get freeze(w/o cursor) and black screen on start up with 5.8.0.26 kernel, and as you say using recovery mode from grub allow me to load the desktop but it's slow and buggy and the graphic proccessor is through livmpipe. So I'm using the older kernel from 20.04 version 5.4.0.52 and it's working perfect like before upgrade and uses Mesa graphic driver.
These are crashes after install:
$ ls -al /var/crash

total 3052
drwxrwsrwt  2 root whoopsie    4096 nov  8 20:11 .
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root        4096 may 31 15:03 ..
-rw-r-----  1 user whoopsie  641519 nov  8 13:43 _usr_bin_kglobalaccel5.1000.crash
-rw-r-----  1 root whoopsie 1233588 nov  8 20:11 _usr_lib_x86_64-linux-gnu_libexec_xdg-desktop-portal-kde.0.crash
-rw-r-----  1 user whoopsie 1235803 nov  8 13:46 _usr_lib_x86_64-linux-gnu_libexec_xdg-desktop-portal-kde.1000.crash


Install "alsa-oss"  (using this command apt-get install alsa-oss or software center).
Then , in a terminal , run this command :
aoss gmfsk
aoss make old OSS  only programs compatible with recent Alsa driver.

(I did not  test aoss with gmfsk , but it used to work fine with others programs )


Installed Erlang in ubuntu but found nowhere to open the application

The command to open erlang interpreter is:

erl

Also note that Ubuntu repositories often doesn't contain the latest versions of software. If you want to install the current version of erlang, you'll have to compile it from source as described in How to install erlang in Ubuntu 12.04? or here


(Steam) Mount ext4 partition with exec permissions

The defaults option in fstab will give you what you want. As per mount ,

man mount

defaults
          Use default options: rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, and async.

So a line like

/dev/sda9 /media/rest    ext4  defaults    0  0

should be OK.


Terminal aborts installation of a package no matter what I type

Try the following

sudo apt-get -y install chromium-browser


How to enable audio on a server installation?

You can install a desktop environment with:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

This effectively adds a desktop environment to your installation, which is what you would have had if you hadn't used the server edition installer.


Are proprietary drivers better for battery life?

Intel drivers for are open source.
http://www.intel.com/support/graphics/sb/CS-010512.htm

You need to know if the distro default worse the the newest from Intel.


Is it possible to delete an enrolled key using mokutil without the original .der file?

To delete only one specific key from the database you could first use the --export flag, like so:

$ mokutil --export

This will export all machine owner keys to the current directory:

$ ls -1 MOK*
MOK-0001.der
MOK-0002.der
...

They are numbered according to the list given by

$ mokutil --list-enrolled
[key 1]
SHA1 Fingerprint:....
...
[key 2]
SHA1 Fingerprint:....

which should then enable you to delete only one specific key, e.g. key 1:

# mokutil --delete MOK-0001.der


update client Tools solve this Error:

sudo apt-get install linux-tools-generic

This will install newer usbip tools into /usr/lib/linux-tools/`uname -r`

$ /usr/lib/linux-tools/`uname -r`/usbip version

or

$ /usr/lib/linux-tools/4.4.0-31-generic/usbip version

usbip (usbip-utils 2.0)

New Syntax, e.g:
usbip list -r 192.168.1.1
sudo usbip attach -r 192.168.1.1 -b 1-1.3


Trying to install Click Modular Router and need /usr/src/linux to install as kernel module

You need to do something like this:

$: LINUX_VERSION=`uname -r` ./configure --with-linux=/usr/src/linux-headers-$LINUX_VERSION --with-linux-map=/boot/System.map-$LINUX_VERSION

If other parts are required, you may need to pass options for them in the same way, if they are for versioned pieces.

The best solution for automated deployment, would be to package it as a debian package, that is installed with dkms so that the kernel module will automatically get rebuilt when new kernels are installed in the system. You can see the virtualbox-dkms package, and other similar -dkms named packages, for how to do this.


Lenovo Bluetooth keyboard not pairing on Ubuntu 14.04

The workaround that I am using works as follows.

1) Figure out the Bluetooth address of your keyboard. I think I used blueman to do that. The address should look like this 23:AF:61:45:E8:3C (This is just an example)

2) Run the following two commands in a terminal. Use the address you determined beforehand.

sudo hciconfig hci0 up
sudo hidd --connect 23:AF:61:45:E8:3C

That should connect your device.

3) optional. You can put those commands in a .sh file and make it executable to save you from typing them repeatedly.


"sha256sum mismatch jdk-7u3-linux-x64.tar.gz " error when trying to install Oracle Java

Run the following commands from a Terminal:
sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/oracle-java7-installer*
sudo apt-get purge oracle-java7-installer*
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*java*
sudo apt-get update
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer

Information about what PPAs are, as well as tips on recognizing which of them are unsafe, can be found here.

Glossary

Command, command line: the traditional Unix environment , where you type commands to tell the computer what to do.
Terminal: an application that allows you to access the command line. Open it by hitting its keyboard shortcut, Ctrl Alt T


How to uninstall pre-installed programs in Xubuntu

Xubuntu uses APT as package manager. So you can use sudo apt-get remove <package_name> from a terminal for uninstalling packages. If you are afraid of the command line, you can also use the Synaptic package manager (GUI application). You can also do it with the Ubuntu Software Center which is more user friendly.


My guess is a bad pcie wifi module. Lets get some info and here are some things to try:

Did you upgrade to Ubuntu 20.04? Try ubuntu-drivers devices and if you have a driver available then install with sudo apt-get install *xxxxdriverxxxx*

Does the problem exist if you change the kernel from you grub menu during boot?

Try steps 1, 4 (bios update) and 6 from https://h30434.www3.hp.com/t5/Notebook-Wireless-and-Networking/HP-pavilion-dv6-1390ev-wireless-not-working/td-p/1843501

Create a Live-USB of Ubuntu and check if it works? If it doesn't then it's probably hardware issue not software. https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/try-ubuntu-before-you-install#1-getting-started
https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/try-ubuntu-before-you-install#1-getting-started

Purchase USB WiFi adapter as a replacement. I own several $5 ones that I use for troubleshooting. I've only had issues with AC speed USB adapters on Linux. Difficulties with compiling drivers with limited manufacturer linux support. Most time the cheap stuff works on Linux just fine.


kubuntu 15.04 background image disappears

Apparently, I found the problem. In the folder ~/.kde/share/config/ there is a file called kwinrulesrc that needs to be removed.  Just in case rename it and see if that fixes the problem.  If so, it is safe to delete it.


Uninstall virtualenv which was installed through sudo pip

I was looking for the same thing and I saw this by chance. you can do this.

sudo apt-get remove virtualenv
sudo apt-get remove --auto-remove virtualenv

If it is normal, the following statement is not executed. But try it once.

sudo apt-get purge python-virtualenv
sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove python-virtualenv


It looks like your computer has more or less finished booting, but there's no display.

Likely solution

Try hitting Ctl-Alt-F2 (or Ctl-Alt-Fn-F2 if your keyboard has media keys). Do you get a login prompt? If so, enter your username and password, plug in an ethernet cable if possible, then enter the following command:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Chances are this command will fail, and recommend a command to fix broken packages. Try that command, and then reboot with

sudo shutdown -r now

Possible solution

Hold Shift after turning your computer on. You'll be presented a program called GRUB that lets you select and boot different, older OS kernels. Try a few; maybe one will work.

Another Possible Solution

sudo apt-get install lightdm-gtk-greeter

note: it took a while for the desktop to load once I got passed the login screen.

Last resort

Boot into a live environment (that is, use an Ubuntu LiveCD or LiveUSB) and open the file browser. Mount your hard drive ('File System' in the left pane), and backup all important files onto physicial media or the internet.

Then install for a fresh system.

[NOTE: I'd probably wait a while before moving on to The Last Resort. A grizzled UNIX graybeard may come along with a more palatable solution]


Ubuntu 16.04 freezes during restart/shutdown on Asus N552VW

Edit boot parameters in GRUB config like this:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Change this line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

To this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi=force apm=power_off"

Save the file

Then edit /etc/modules:

sudo nano /etc/modules

Add this line:

apm power_off=1

Save the file and update GRUB:

sudo update-grub

Shutdown:

sudo shutdown -P now


"The system is running in low-graphics mode" when I try setup autorun numlock on

Probably be an easy one...

sudo apt-get install numlockx

Looks that numlockx is not part of the default installation.


You can see the device by

lspci -nn

Find the device with [8086:9d15].


It is used to enable and disable x events (they aren't all enabled by default). You can use them by assigning a handler to them in the signals tab under "GtkWidget".


choose which GPU to use for each application

COPY-PASTED FROM HERE

The current version of nvidia-prime uses one graphics card for the complete desktop. You either login with nvidia or intel.

I have had problems with bumblebee since 13.10. What works for me now is nvidia-prime. This allows you to choose which graphics driver you want to use in the nvidia control panel. This only works with lightdm (unity). I'm using this myself on Ubuntu 14.04

How to install

1. Use nvidia driver

Open the dash (super/windows key) and type in "drivers". Open "Aditional drivers"
Select the nvidia binary (331.xx) driver.

Click "apply changes". Wait for the driver to be downloaded and installed, and click close.

2. Remove bumblebee and install prime

Open the shell by pressing ctrl-alt-t.

First let's make sure we have the latest software catalog.

sudo apt-get update

Now remove everything bumblebee related.

sudo apt-get purge bumblebee*

Then install prime.

sudo apt-get install nvidia-prime

Now restart your computer.

How to use prime

After your computer has restarted, open the dash and type "nvidia". Open "Nvidia x-server settings".

Here you can choose between the intel and nvidia graphics driver. Choose the intel one for maximum power saving, choose the nvidia one for maximum performance.

After changing graphics card, you'll have to logout and log back in to apply the changes.

Difference between nvidia-prime and bumblebee

The current version of nvidia-prime uses one graphics card for the complete desktop. You either login with nvidia or intel. With bumblebee, you can start individual programs with a specific graphics card, like it is the case on windows.

Sadly, I can't get bumblebee to work on ubuntu 13.10 or higher...


You look like you are trying to use Multi Site for Wordpress. the note above would mean if you have multiple blogs across different sub domains or domains. in the case of having a blogs.yoursite.com/blog1, blog2, etc, you may want to look at Create a Network on the Wordpress site. That will mean you only have one install, and one DB setup, and Wordpress sorts out the rest. Good luck!


The -c  switch tells gzip to write the compressed files to stdout. So this funny characters you see are just the compressed content of your files.

Use gzip -r js instead.


That was probably due to your graphics card being too new at the time of 12.04 release and wasn't supported by the open source or closed source drivers. With newer drivers being available, it should work.


boot parameter "acpi_osi= " disables USB ports

The bios settings for usb had to be changed from "auto" to "enable", keeping the boot parameter as "acpi_osi=".


How to Update Cabal for Haskell IDE (Leksah) on Ubuntu 16.04?

There is a clue in that slightly cryptic error message where it says: next goal: youProbablyWantCapitalCabal (dependency of cabal-0.0.0.0)

The library package is called Cabal not cabal.  Try running: cabal install Cabal cabal-install


Installing Nvidia drivers on ThinkPad w530

I used sudo apt-get install nvidia-current. There should be a new driver that appears in the Additional Drivers GUI. Restart your computer.

If you have Optimus enabled in the BIOS, you either have to disable it or install Bumblebee. Otherwise, you will have grey icons on the dashboard.


You have to navigate to the directory in which the fightcade executable is located before running ./fightcade:
cd /path/to/fightcade/executable


You need a wifi chip that supports host mode for that. Sadly most of them don't. If you can verify that yours supports host mode take a look into hostapd. There are several tutorials available.

As alternative there are some apps in the play store that claim to be able to connect to ad-hoc networks. Those need at last android 4 and root access. A lot of people are having problems with this but it may be worth a try if you haven't tried already.


Repair usb and return the original size of it

I'm I'm understanding this correctly (it's not very clear what you're asking) you have a thumb drive that won't read and reports only the boot record, and you want to repair its file system.

Generally, if formatting or repartitioning a thumb drive doesn't immediately fix it, the best course of action is to toss it in the nearest waste receptacle and buy another.  The cost of these devices, even high end ones, is small compared to the risk of losing data by depending on a "repaired" device that turns out not to have been completely repaired -- and the likelihood of a "repair" leaving a drive that reports good capacity, but loses data immediately (without you being aware of it) is too high to take the risk.


How can I decrease key repetition time in gnome-terminal like konsole in KDE?

To customize the delay until a key is repeated in Ubuntu, do:

Open Dash (Super key).
Search for keyboard and click on the Keyboard result.
A new window opens where you can set the delay and speed.

This is the picture from System Settings --> Keyboard windows

In the terminal, these hotkeys may be useful:

Ctrl + U to delete the characters from the cursor to the beginning of the line.

Ctrl + W to delete the characters from the cursor to the left until next blank space. Meaning deleting only one word at the left of the cursor.


Separate Ethernet card from Network Manager's management

Network Manager does not manage interfaces that are mentioned in /etc/network/interfaces.

That sometimes confuse people. If you add all interfaces there, NM indicator will not appear at all.


Error when i try to download themes or icon

Down for maintenance

The 'Get Hot New Stuff': http://newstuff.kde.org is drawing stuff from the KDE-Look, KDE-Apps etc.

The KDE-Look, KDE-Apps, etc are down - there is an announcement:

  We are down for maintenance.

  Sorry for the inconvenience. We'll be back up as soon as possible.
  Please try again later.

http://kde-apps.org/ :


Stange Message on "sudo" commands, after upgrading WSL From 16 to 18 about "getrlimit"

It turns out that steeldriver had the right of it.  The issue was caused by my out-of-date version of MS Windows 10.  Removing and re-installing WSL didn't do any good.

However, once I was finally able to find a path that would upgrade the version of MS Windows, then it was trivial to install WSL, followed by doing a "Get" from the MS App Store to install the latest Ubuntu.

After the typical initialization, getting my version of Ubuntu fully current was just a matter of typing sudo apt update -y && sudo apt upgrade -y && sudo apt autoremove -y.


It sounds like you want to setup dhcp using the /etc/network/interfaces file instead of network manager.

Your /etc/network/interfaces file needs to look like this:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

If eth0 is the interface you want to connect on.  I am assuming whatever router you have connected to is setup as a DHCP server.

The following is an example configuration for a static ip:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.90
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.1.0
broadcast 192.168.1.255
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4


Problem with printer Canon LBP6000B (i-SENSYS)

Try installing the Canon driver following the instructions here: CanonCaptDrv190

(Basically, it does not work as some kernel modules used by the Canon driver are "blacklisted", i.e. prevented from loading, by default).


How to type "ñ" with a UK keyboard layout?

CTRL+SHIFT+U and then write the unicode codepoint of the letter, for Ñ it is 00D1 and press SPACE. This works for any unicode character in most of the X applications.

Okay so it looks like I only read the title. If you want to use ALT Gr+N:

xkbcomp $DISPLAY keylayout.xkb

Open the keylayout.xkb with your favourite editor end search for the symbol which has the mapping for N, something like:

    key <AB06> {
    type= "FOUR_LEVEL_SEMIALPHABETIC",
    symbols[Group1]= [               n,               N,      braceright,               N ]
};

And change the third value (e.g. braceright) to ntilde and the fourt value (e.g. N) to Ntilde . Save and

xkbcomp keylayout.xkb $DISPLAY

After this it should work. (For me it does.) But it is only for this session, to make it permanent make a script named /etc/keylayout.sh like

#!/bin/bash
xkbcomp /etc/keylayout.xkb $DISPLAY

Make the script executable sudo chmod a+x /etc/keylayout.sh and add the next line to /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf:

session-setup-script=/etc/keylayout.sh

Source for the ALT Gr method: link


Is the switching workscreen still available on v14.04?

Yes, It is also available.

You can do it by pressing Super Key + S or Ctrl + Alt + Arrow keys to go directly to any workspace you want.


Looks like this answer provides the essential: https://askubuntu.com/a/794911/68124

  That kernel is way too old. Initial usb 3 support was added to 2.6, but the real support for xhci was added in 4.4-4.6. It's part of the linux-firmware load as well as the kernel proper.


Remotely control Ubuntu server from Ubuntu laptop over my phones wifi hotspot?

Before applying any of the following make sure you understand the security risk of exposing your system to the world at large.

If all you need is a terminal window, then you will only need a couple of things to setup.

First, you need to install and configure secure shell daemon (sshd) on your server - that is if it's not already installed.

Second, you need to have a static way of referring to your home network from the outside world. If your service provider has assigned a static IP on your connection, you just type

ssh user_name@your_static_ip

in a terminal window to connect to your server.

If you have a dynamic IP, then you can use one of the dynamic dns services available to get a meaningful name assigned to your address each time you connect to the internet. Check your router for support of dynDNS services and configure that. Then on a terminal type

ssh user_name@selected_dyndns_name

to connect to your server.

Last, you will probably have to open port 22 (the default for ssh) on your firewall(s).

Again, make sure that you understand the security risks. A simple misconfiguration may leave your entire network exposed to the internet. This is no fun stuff.


you have almost done.

Once you have downloaded your favourite theme (usually compressed in zip file) you should unzip the file and move the theme's directory into usr/share/themes directory (you'll probably need root permission).

Now you can open Ubuntu Tweak Tool, go to themes tab and you should see the added theme as a list entry. Select it and enjoy with the new theme.

I've tested this procedure with Numix theme, Flatabulous theme and a my customized theme.


How to dual boot ubuntu and other distro?

What utility did you use to "burn" the image onto the flash drive?  Simply copying the file won't work.

I have more experience using unetbootin, but Startup Disk Creator which is explicitly made for what you are trying to do, comes included with Ubuntu


First of all you should have a samba server running to be vulnerable to this bug which you don't have.

This vulnerability already has been patched, its CVE-ID is: "CVE-2017-7494":

  Samba since version 3.5.0 is vulnerable to remote code execution vulnerability, allowing a malicious client to upload a shared library to a writable share, and then cause the server to load and execute it.

So what you should do is a system upgrade if you didn't have done it already, then you are safe to go.

Check your apt's "history logs" to see if your Ubuntu recently received any upgrade for samba or its libraries .

grep -B10 samba- /var/log/apt/history.log

to make sure you've got last updates use:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Also use:

apt changelog samba

or aptitude changelog samba if you are running an older version Ubuntu to get a list of last changes in this package, and if you pay attention you will see:

samba (2:4.3.11+dfsg-0ubuntu0.16.04.7) xenial-security; urgency=medium

  * SECURITY UPDATE: remote code execution from a writable share
  - debian/patches/CVE-2017-7494.patch: refuse to open pipe names with a
    slash inside in source3/rpc_server/srv_pipe.c.
  - CVE-2017-7494

Pay attention to the version: "2:4.3.11+dfsg-0ubuntu0.16.04.7", Then use:

$ dpkg -l samba* | awk "( !(/none/) && /^ii/ )"
ii samba-libs:amd64  2:4.3.11+dfsg-0ubuntu0.16.04.7 amd64  Samba core libraries

to see if you have patched version installed or not.

Extra steps

If you're really paranoia, grab a copy of source code, e.g:

apt source --download samba-libs

it will download the corresponding source code and all patches, extracts the source and apply the patches.

then go to:

head /path-to-extract/samba-4.3.11+dfsg/debian/changelog

You'll see the same stuff, as apt changelog samba. you can even look for patch itself:

cat /home/ravexina/samba-4.3.11+dfsg/debian/patches/CVE-2017-7494.patch

+   if (strchr(pipename, '/')) {
+       DEBUG(1, ("Refusing open on pipe %s\n", pipename));
+       return false;
+   }
+

or even compile and install it, if you wish.

If you're carious, you can see a proof of concept for cve-2017-7494 here.


What's the difference between `linux-oem` and `linux-oem-osp1` kernels, and how are they versioned?

Obviously the "osp1"-package has a later build number, that let's one assume that "sp1" may be a label for "service pack one" or something like that.
However, since the is no official info in the wiki about any regulations how such service releases are made, I would recommend to ask the kernel devs directly via the mailing-list here.
HTH


where o where are mounts specified in Ubuntu if not in /etc/fstab or /lib/init/fstab?

Why would you want to grow /run?  Is there a problem?  It's all temporary stuff in ram (tmpfs), not on disk.  The system allocates whatever it needs as it boots, and it depends on the system as to how big it is each time.

The other things you see that are not in the ram-based tempfs (/run) are mounted using /etc/fstab, and that is mostly under your control.


rsync over ssh "error in protocol data stream" (code 12). ssh works

You can also get this error if you specify a remote path that doesn't exist.

I got this error on OS X:

$ rsync -avz public/ static:apps/myapp.com
building file list ... done
rsync: connection unexpectedly closed (8 bytes received so far) [sender]
rsync error: error in rsync protocol data stream (code 12) at /BuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Sources/rsync/rsync-47/rsync/io.c(453) [sender=2.6.9]

Turned it was simply a matter of mistyping the destination path. The apps dir didn't exist. When I changed that to static:sites/myapp.com instead (the sites dir did exist), the error went away.

It's fine if the final directory in the path doesn't exist (I could do static:sites/mynewapp.com) but it appears any preceding directory must already exist.


I also faced the same problem and resolved it by the following:

sudo apt-get purge unity-tweak-tool

Then delete the contents of var/cache/apt/archives/

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Install unity-tweak-tool from Software Center


Note that what most probably happened is that the dedicated location is not selected to be synced anymore.
Checking that option fixes the problem for the moment.

The probable cause of this is that an error occurred at some point in relation to the source location being on a drive that was not mounted anymore - as said here.
In my case the cause was that the megasync client was starting before the mounting of the drive on which the Megasync dedicated folder is located. An error takes place after which the megasync client should resume syncing: for some reason it doesn't sometimes.
To avoid that error the client can be set to start with a delay (as said here)

Also, we need to be sure that the drive where the synced folder is located must be mounted at startup. I use Disks (gnome-disks) for this purpose, as said here.


You asked for an explanation in a simple way, so I am repeating what everybody said in a simpler way.

Alvar's comment: Use an answer for a guide that has a lot of pictures in it, so that it will be easier to understand. Like the one in Alvar's link.
My comment: Ubuntu is too small to fit on a CD, so you need to use either a DVD or a USB pen drive to install Ubuntu on your laptop.
Marky's comment: Give yourself enough space on the hard drive to put the new Ubuntu operating system. The Ubuntu installer will ask you if you want to split some space from the Vista partition and then you can install Ubuntu on that space. It will tell you how much space you need. Marky also said that you don't need an internet connection when you install Ubuntu, and the Ubuntu installation will go faster without the internet connection.


Asus A455LJ brightness Fn+F5+F6 doesn't work on ubuntu 16.04

I haven't tried doing it with the Fn+f5/f6 shortcut, but any other
key worked this way for me:

In terminal:

sudo apt-get install xbacklight

go to System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts -> Custom Shortcuts:

Add this two commands with the "+" button:

xbacklight -inc 10 # brighter

xbacklight -inc 10 # dimmer

Finally, give them any name and shortcut you wish.


Open the shortcut with some text editor like gedit or kate icon by right-clicking on it, and selecting "Open with gedit". In the text editor, shortly after the 'comment' and 'app command' text, you should see something like 'Icon=exec,' (ignore the quotes) change it to Icon=/usr/share/icons/eclipse.png or Icon=eclipse


dpkg always try to install mysql-server-5.7

I had had the same problem. In my case, it reveals that for some reasons I had the mysql-server running with sock file places in /tmp/something/ (maybe it was started by the dpkg, cause I dont have mysql enabled at startup?). I killed the mysqlserver (kill -9) and stared the mysql service just normal (service mysql start).

Then I run sudo dpkg --configure -a. While updating the script throw an error about to low "thread_stack" which was easy to change in mysqld.cnf (/etc/mysql).
Restarted the mysql service, run dpkg --configure -a once again and voila - the upgrade went ok.

OS: Ubuntu16.04.1


Can Audacious music player edit metadata of music?

To edit metadata with Audacious we can open track information from either Playback -> View track details or by right click on a track on your playlist. This shows all metadata available. These can be edited and saved (provided you have permissions to do so on the given file)

If your library contains many tracks that need editing you may be faster using an external track editor.


Invalid operation?? after i type sudo apt-get cpufrequtils

This

sudo apt-get cpufrequtils

is missing a mandatory option. To install or remove use...

sudo apt-get install cpufrequtils
sudo apt-get remove cpufrequtils


Has anyone managed to map the side buttons on a Steelseries Rival 700 mouse?

I was able to map my side buttons on my Rival 700 in Ubuntu using piper.
I created a new device file based on the Rival 600 one which is supported, I changed the device name and USB id. After this piper found the mouse and I was able to do the changes, even though there was no visual representation of the mouse in the interface, all worked well.
This is how the newly created steelseries-rival-700.device in /usr/share/libratbag file looks like:
[Device]
Name=SteelSeries Rival 700
DeviceMatch=usb:1038:1700
Driver=steelseries

[Driver/steelseries]
DeviceVersion=3
Buttons=7
Leds=8
DpiRange=100:12000@100
MacroLength=1

Hope this helps people with the same issue. I checked and LED configuration also works.


How to open a terminal in Ubuntu running on virtual box if the usual shortcuts don't work

Ctrl+Alt+F1 switches to the virtual terminal on the host; try HostKey+F1 instead. See How do I switch between virtual terminals in a guest system?. You may have to press Esc to get rid of the startup splash screen, or switch to virtual terminal 2 instead by using F2.


Close all browsers and do the following:

After having installed ubuntu-restricted-extras, uninstall flashplugin-installer with the following command:
sudo apt-get remove --purge flashplugin-installer
sudo apt-get install adobe-flashplugin (which is 64bit and more stable than flashplugin-installer (32bit))
Open Firefox > Click Help in Menu bar at the top > Troubleshooting Information > Refresh Firefox, after which it will start up cleanly.
Make sure AdBlock Plus is disabled on the YouTube website (if you have that addon installed).

Try YouTube now and see if it worked.


how to compile glibc on ubuntu 18.04 from source on a different folder

Glibc is the basis of the entire system, every package built starts with it as its basis. To change it on a distro you need to re-compile every package to use it. Easiest solution is to compile a version of the software released when the 18.04 was current, not try to do new incompatible by years software.


If I install lubuntu on Ubuntu, is it really Lubuntu?

To keep your distribution in a VM light we should not install the lubuntu-desktop in addition to Ubuntu/Unity:

all the default Ubuntu applications, GNOME, and more will still be there
they need virtual hard disk space
and they will need regular security updates.

So no, you can easily run the Lubuntu desktop on top of Ubuntu/Unity but this will not be the same lean  installation you will have after installing Lubuntu.


Sendmail not working on ubuntu guest - unqualified host name

Edit your /etc/hosts exactly as below:

127.0.0.1   localhost.localdomain localhost
127.0.1.1   djw-ss.localdomain    djw-ss

Check in your /var/log/mail.err file for the time of the last errors you had.

Reboot the system.

In your /var/log/mail.err you should not have anymore errors in this logfile.