What is the life of an infinite loop send to background?

When you provide & at the end, it goes into the background. Whether it is killed or not depends on how you close the terminal.

If you close the terminal application itself (Ctrl+F4, press the x in the window decoration, or Shift+Ctrl+W for gnome-terminal), it kills the background process.

But if you close the terminal using exit or Ctrl+D, it continues to run, even if you log out (unless it is a GUI application). It will end when you shut down.

(I do not know why there is a difference between the two. I suspect that when you close the application, the operating system closes it and its children.)

The following is different:

nohup while :; do sleep 1; date +%s; done &

The nohup command detaches it from the terminal. However you close the terminal, the command will continue to run until you shut down (logging out is not sufficient) or kill the command manually.

When you use nohup, the output goes to ~/nohup.out unless you manually redirect the output.

P.S. The command will not work with nohup as given, because nohup does not take a compound command. But you could script it and run the script with nohup.

P.P.S. It is easier to see what is going on by running a GUI. Instead of the while… command, I run this:

gcalctool &

Much quicker and easier to see what is happening, as the calculator disappears when it is killed; and you can kill it easily (just close the calculator).


Keyboard shortcut for switching between different keyboard layouts in Ubuntu Mate

No, there is no pre-assigned shortcut.

You can choose from many options to assign a shortcut to switch layouts from the menu:

Keyboard Preferences > Layouts

This menu can be found under System > Preferences > Hardware


How does the system know which paths to search for executables?

/etc/environment contains all data about path of that programs you can add new path there.

Path included in /etc/environment, /etc/bash.bashrc , ~/.bashrc and ~/.profile is automatically initialized after loging into shell.


Ubuntu 14.04 works slow while copying files

Just do these things

sudo -H gedit /etc/sysctl.conf

Now add these lines at the end of this file

vm.dirty_background_ratio = 5
vm.dirty_ratio = 10

Now save and exit

Then again type in terminal:

sudo sysctl -p

Press enter and whoaaa! It's done: no more lag.


Following works for me:

apt-get install --reinstall libappstream4

Check this thread for details:  https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=906538


Is there a shortcut for "Open with another application"?

Shift+F10, a may be the closest you can get. Unfortunately, shortcut keys cannot be customized or added anymore in Nautilus.


I used GRUB Customizer with some success. It can do what you want and has a GUI.
Install it by

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

And then start it like any installed application and authenticate yourself. The program needs this as it is editing the fstab-file.

Find the entry named "Ubuntu" and change it by clicking on the name twice (no double-click). Enter "Ubuntu Studio" for example. Don't forget to hit "Save" and you're good to go.

Be careful though, messing with GRUB, especially with many installed OSs on one machine, is always dangerous. ;)


I can't boot into a usable system after updates. What should I do?

Don't panic!

The chances are great that your personal data is fine. Please try the steps below. If anything doesn't work or seem right, you can bail with no risk of data loss.

Obtain an Ubuntu installation medium. (LiveCD or LiveUSB)
Turn off your system, insert the installation medium, and boot it, selecting "Try Ubuntu" when the option comes up.

Click "Home Folder" in the Unity launcher. In the window that then appears, you will see a "Devices" section, under which are images of storage devices (both in your computer, and attached).

Select each device, in turn, until you find one that contains folders like bin, boot, cdrom, dev, etc, and home. Select home.

In this folder, you will find the home folders of all users of your unbootable system. Copy all important data in these folders onto the internet, onto a portable usb drive, onto another hard drive, or even onto Ubuntu One. After you are done, click the arrow button next to your hard drive to unmount it.

Click the Install Ubuntu button to begin reinstalling onto your machine.


Setting a permanent static route with DHCP

After continued searching and grief, I found that the onboard network card was not supported.  I disabled it and installed an aftermarket card and was able to add the route without a problem.
The command I used was:

# route add default gw xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx eth0


Sure it can be done if you have access to those server.

I'd recommend to use clear bash script (maybe with different options) for this action instead of build Java application... Take a look on scp bash command


Why is my mobile's headset not detected properly on my laptop's combined mic/headphone input?

This clearly have to do with pulseaudio package indeed.

Perhaps this helps:  https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SoundTroubleshootingProcedure


XTerm is seemingly ignoring .Xresources font size

The application settings override the Xresources (or .Xresouces), You should look into /etc/X11/app-defaults/XTerm to change the fonts permanently.  The  SimpleMenumenuLabel.font is for the menu itself, the others look like

 *fontMenu*font2*Label:  Tiny
*VT100.font2:           5x7

or

*VT100.utf8Fonts.font2: -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--8-80-75-75-c-50-iso10646-1
*VT100.utf8Fonts.font:  -misc-fixed-medium-r-semicondensed--13-120-75-75-c-60-iso10646-1

You can change the values to any font listed in the

xlsfonts

command, but restricting yourself to fixed fonts tends to work better.  All the fonts like 5x7 are fixed, five pix wide, seven high, so it's easy to pick a bigger one.  The longer names have a size embedded in the name, (first number), with a resolution like 75-75 or 100-100.  Try out several at a time on the available font2-6.  The new machine might have a different resolution which makes the same setting look smaller than the old one.

5x7 is the smallest standard font of that group, if it's too big, you probably have a resolution problem.  Check the resolution of your display (DASH/Settings(gear)/Displays).  If it is smaller than before, maybe you need to (re)install any proprietary video drivers.


Can I run Ubuntu "Alongside" my Windows on the Hard disk?

Yes, you can install Ubuntu alongside windows and choose which one do you want to boot on startup.

Windows Dual boot.


Brightness setting is reset to maximum at login

A possible solution:
Add

xbacklight -set 80

to the file

.xinitrc

This will set the backlight to the desired value (80) whenever X is started.
.xinitrc is the configuration file responsible for the X-Server.


How to fix Acer Aspire 4736z back light brightness control in Ubuntu 13.04?

Open up the terminal and type

sudo -H gedit /etc/default/grub

Find this line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=”quiet splash"

Replace the line with this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor"

Save the changes and close the editor then come back to the terminal and enter the below command to update the GRUB configuration:

sudo update-grub

Just reboot the machine.


Secure download link (HTTPS) for Ubuntu desktop

The full list of Ubuntu CD images mirrors is here. Some of them support HTTPS, although you may have to add the s manually.


How to install libQtGui.so.4 32bit on 64bit ubuntu

I had the same problem when I ran 32-bit software on a 64-bit system.
ldd xxx
libQtGui.so.4 => not found
libQtCore.so.4 => not found

Then I installed libqtgui4:i386 .
apt-get install libqtgui4:i386
ldd xxx
libQtGui.so.4 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libQtGui.so.4 (0xf67e3000)
libQtCore.so.4 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libQtCore.so.4 (0xf64dc000)

https://www.slsknet.org/news/node/482


Where can I get physical CDs of Ubuntu if I live in a place with limited internet connectivity?

Why don't you try and get in contact with the South Africa LoCo team

http://ubuntu-za.org/

or subscribe to their mailing list

https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-za

They have a couple of release parties set up, I'd expect you could get a CD there

http://ubuntu-za.org/news/2012/04/19/precise-pangolin-release-parties

You can look up information for getting CDs from nearby enthusiast by contacting your closes Ubuntu local team:

http://loco.ubuntu.com/
http://ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=183
http://www.ubuntu.com/support/community/locallanguage
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/IRC/ChannelList


Touchpad not detected via evtest on a Samsung 300V5A Series 3

For those with similar issues, there was a recent update to 12.04 (yes post release) this upgraded the kernel and headers etc.. so now the touchpad is detected

NOTE : it is detected on this particular laptop as '  ETPS/2 Elantech Touchpad '

hope this helps someone


Will installation of *BSD break my Ubuntu? And what about swap and bootloader mess up?

You cannot install BSD to the same partition as Ubuntu. It is possible to share swap partitions but you don't need to do so. This link covers some of that subject https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/61587/freebsd-and-linux-shared-partitions

As for an installation step for BSD skipping the installation of a bootloader varies from distro to distro. You should be able to skip the step if you are installing the debian version of BSD but I cannot speak for other distros.

Finally, yes, grub will be able to find BSD after installation. You just have to run the following command from Ubuntu when you are finished installing BSD:

sudo update-grub


Compiz/Unity broken with ATI Radeon HD6670 Ubuntu 13.04 after reboot

I resolved this by starting compiz settings manager (sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager), going to "preferences" and "Reset to Defaults".


Why does Classic Gnome desktop use unity-window-decorator?

Unity-window-decorator is definitely not your problem, as it is almost identical to the gnome-window-decorator. The most likely cause of the problem is that you (probably) have buggy drivers (probably because of your hardware, which you should add to your question by the way), causing compiz to crash or restart. (By the way this is not gdm restarting, that would take your entire Xsession with it).

If you are pretty convinced (though I am not) that unity-window-decorator is the problem, you can change the compiz window decorator to gnome-window-decorator in ccsm.

Also, you can try using metacity (you will lose your effects, but at least it will work) instead of compiz.

See this answer:
How to Get nvidia driver working properly ( running experimental 3d support)


You're likely running a command with sudo at the beginnning, which means that it will run your command as the root user. This requires a password. It may look like:

[sudo] password for $USER:

If the characters don't show up, this is NORMAL, and is primarily provided as a security feature with sudo. Just type your password, and hit Enter.


Error when reading SD formatted on Camera

I found that what is missing can be installed via terminal

sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utils

It worked for me in Ubuntu 14.04. It is automounted like any external storage!

I found the answer here.


gnuplot: how to set grid as cylindrical grid

Save the following set of instructions as plot3dgrid.gnu

#set term png
#set output 'sine.png'
set dummy u,v
set angles degrees
unset key
set parametric
set view 70, 150, 0.8, 1.2
set samples 32, 32
set isosamples 21, 21
set mapping cylindrical
set hidden3d back offset 0 trianglepattern 3 undefined 1 altdiagonal bentover
set yzeroaxis linetype 0 linewidth 1.000
set ticslevel 0
set title "3D cylindrical grid"
set urange [ -180.000 : 180.000 ] noreverse nowriteback
set vrange [ -90.0000 : 90.0000 ] noreverse nowriteback
splot cos(u),sin(u),v with lines lc rgb "cyan" ,'sinedata.dat' with lines lc rgb "red" lw 1

Open gnuplot where you save the above .gnu file, write in gnuplot prompt,

gnuplot> load './plot3dgrid.gnu'

You will have figure like this,

Where I have a data file sinedata.dat contains several y values corresponds to x values separated by a space or tab. where y=60*sin(2*Π*x/50)

If you remove the # in first two lines and run it in gnuplot, you will have a png image of this.


How can I edit the source of HTML in the clipboard?

Found it! Here's how to get at the HTML source when there's some on your clipboard:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import gtk
print (gtk.Clipboard().wait_for_contents('text/html')).data

This helped.
This didn't work for me. My callback was never entered.


I found a guide here:
https://datadrivendesign.wordpress.com/2012/08/05/getting-infer-net-and-ironpython-to-work-on-ubuntu-12-04/

It works now. Thanks guys


When should I use the ~ (tilde) during command line navigation?

TL;DR

path is read left to right, with leftmost directory specified being the top of the directory tree you're traversing
leading ~/  in path means your home folder
leading ./ means in this folder or stuff in current working directory
navigating to a directory can be done via giving path relative to your current working directory, or specifying full path
~ is relevant in command-line only, not in GUI (as mentioned in comments).

The answer is edited to include more formal explanation of tilde expansion and to suit the new edited title of the question, so please read the more formal explanation below. First two sections are more or less gentle explanations of what OP did and didn't do.

The problem

The leading ~ (tilde) followed by slash in path is understood as reference to your user's home directory, i.e. ~/Documents always means /home/chance/Documents. (There are exceptions and special cases but for the purpose of explaining the basics, let's keep it simple so far; see below for the deeper explanation).

So when you do cd ~/xmr-stak-cpu-1.3.0-1.5.0, you're saying take me to xmr-stak-cpu-1.3.0-1.5.0 directory that is located in my home folder.  What also is important to note, is that a path is always read left to right, separated by slashes, with the leftmost being the top of the directory tree that you reference. So if you want to descend from home, to Documents, to your folder, all pieces must be present in the path, separated by slashes, and the folder you want to end up in, of course, has to be the right most.

Look at the error message closely:

bash: cd: **/home/chance/xmr-stak-cpu-1.3.0-1.5.0**: No such file or directory

The shell properly expanded ~ to be /home/chance and joined that with what you gave it.  Of course, because the directory you specified doesn't exist, you got the appropriate error message.

What you should have done

You can do it in one of two ways - give full path or jump into ~/Documents first, then jump to directory you want. When you cd ~/Documents and want to navigate to folder that's located inside the current directory that you're at, you can use ./ notation. So you would do:

$ cd ~/Documents
$ cd ./xmr-stak-cpu-1.3.0-1.5.0/

Of course you don't have to add that ./, when you simply do cd xmr-stak-cpu-1.3.0-1.5.0 will automatically look inside your current working directory. However, it's better to be explicit, and besides ./ helps avoiding issues with filenames that might start with - (which is a whole different bag of problems and is a topic for another day).

Alternatively, you can give full path:

$ cd ~/Documents/xmr-stak-cpu-1.3.0-1.5.0/

Note that you can also use the $HOME variable instead of ~, which is pretty much the same in effect, however they differ in nature and in the extra stuff that you can do with ~. See my answer on Difference cd and cd ~.

More formal and in-depth explanation

Alright, so far we've kept things fairly simple for the purpose of explaining basics to new users.  But there's much more to tilde, dot-slash, and navigating the directory tree than that. Matters get more complicated when we consider that tilde and cd behave differently in other shells, and if we also consider the POSIX standard.  Some of the things here I've already touched on in my related answer on Unix & Linux, so be sure to check that out as well.

In Bourne-like shells (that is bash, ksh, ksh-related implementations like mksh, and Ubuntu's default /bin/sh, which is actually dash) the unquoted leading tilde signifies Tilde Expansion, which is in fact specified as standard behavior by POSIX. Depending on what follows an unquoted leading tilde, it has different effects:

with an unquoted leading ~, when there are no characters following it (or if there's nothing between ~ and next unquoted /, i.e. a null string) it expands to the same value as $HOME environment variable, i.e. your home folder. So cd ~ and cd ~/ mean change directory to your home folder. Note that ~ and / should be unquoted:

$ bash -c 'cd /etc/; ls -d ~'
/home/xieerqi
$ bash -c 'cd /etc/; ls -d ~/'
/home/xieerqi/
$ bash -c 'cd /etc/; ls -d ~"/"'
ls: cannot access '~/': No such file or directory
$ bash -c 'cd /etc/; ls -d "~"/'
ls: cannot access '~/': No such file or directory

with an unquoted leading ~, the collection of characters that follow it are considered a possible login name. So cd ~testuser  or cd ~testuser/ would mean you want to jump into testuser's current working directory.  Again, quoting matters:

$ bash -c 'cd /etc/; ls -d ~testuser'
/home/testuser
$ bash -c 'cd /etc/; ls -d ~"testuser"'
ls: cannot access '~testuser': No such file or directory
$ bash -c 'cd /etc/; ls -d ~testuser"/"'
ls: cannot access '~testuser/': No such file or directory

This is all standard behavior and works across the board in dash, ksh, and of course bash. However,  there are a few things that shells do differently. In particular, bash has extra expansions that you can perform with tilde, and handles an unset HOME differently than other shells. Here are the extra expansions you can do in bash:

~+ references your current working directory, same as PWD variable. This also works in ksh but not dash.

$ bash -c 'echo ~+; unset PWD;echo ~+'
/home/xieerqi
~+

~- references your previous working directory, same as OLDPWD variable. Also works in ksh but not dash.

$ bash -c 'cd /etc/;cd /usr; echo ~-; unset OLDPWD;echo ~-'
/etc
~-

In bash  you can navigate AND record where you've been by pushing specific directories on the directory stack (or array), and you can reference them by ~[+-]<NUMBER>, where + would mean looking from the left of the array, and - from the right. This is bash specific and doesn't work work in ksh nor dash.

$ bash -c 'pushd /etc/; pushd /usr; echo ~+1'
/etc ~
/usr /etc ~
/etc

See diagram in muru's answer to a related question, which shows how to use indexes for ~+ and ~-.

Another thing that I've already hinted at is the unset HOME environment variable. The fact that it is a variable and can be unset poses a problem - as specified by POSIX standard, tilde expansion depends on the environment variables, but according to the standard "[i] HOME is unset, the results are unspecified." In this case, ksh and dash simply break:

$ ksh -c 'cd /usr; unset HOME; cd ~'
ksh: cd: xieerqi: [No such file or directory]

$ dash -c 'cd /usr; unset HOME; cd ~'
dash: 1: cd: can't cd to ~

In fact, this is in accordance with the standard for cd as well:

  If no directory operand is given and the HOME environment variable is empty or undefined, the default behavior is implementation-defined and no further steps shall be taken.

By contrast bash, handles things differently. According to the bash manual:

  If HOME is unset, the home directory of the user executing the shell is substituted instead. Otherwise, the tilde-prefix is replaced with the home directory associated with the specified login name.

In other words, when home is unset only, bash won't break, but if HOME is set to the null string, it will break:

$ bash -c 'cd /etc; unset HOME; cd ~; pwd'
/home/xieerqi
$ bash -c 'cd /etc; HOME=""; cd ~; pwd'
/etc

Fun fact

~ was chosen to represent user's home directory because one upon a time ~ and HOME keys used to reside on the same keyboard key on Lier-Siegler ADM-3A terminal. (source)

See also:

Commandline shortcut for current directory similar to ~ for home directory?
Is the tilde, ~ considered to be a relative path?
How does using the tilde work as a shortcut to my home directory?


How to Install pushbullet indicator on Ubuntu 16.04

There seems to be a package for Xenial in the repository now:

https://launchpad.net/~atareao/+archive/ubuntu/atareao/+packages


From the Ubuntu One Music application you can select "Shuffle Play" from the home screen and it will shuffle the music in your Ubuntu One share right to your phone.

It is a commercial service and costs $3.99 a month.


vim & colors from ANSI Escape Sequences: how to display in vim the same colors that are displayed with the cat command

The terminal output will be colored if the content of the file will be sent "as-is" to the terminal, without any modifications. However, vim and some other editors will escape meta characters in the text and instead maybe add some other color codes for their syntax highlighting, so this doesn't work.

Try dumping the file to the terminal with cat, this should work. Some simple editors or pagers like less might also work.

Edit:
I have not found a way to let vim "pass-through" all the escape codes, but I have found this answer which links to this vim script, which parses the escape codes and uses the vim syntax highlighting to recreate the color codes in the output. According to its description, it should do exactly what you want (but I have not tested it).


Algorithm Negotiation failed when trying to connect to server

And the questions is?

You are connecting to new system (Ubuntu 16.04) from some very old SSH client that does not support any contemporary algorithms and this is a reason why it fails to connect. You should really update your client.

Or continue enabling the outdated protocols that might not be secure today. Using

KexAlgorithms +diffie-hellman-group1-sha1
Ciphers +aes128-cbc

you should be able to connect.


Wireless on dv1000 works while installing but not while using

I have the same computer without dual boot and the WIFI works like a charm, no problem with it. I think that you have to install and activate the correct driver for the wifi (it should be the Broadcom driver, if I remember well), going to Additional drivers (you can search it through the Unity lens).


How can I compile a program and update an program already installed

The problem is because you have two conflicting pieces of software installed; 'vsftp' and 'vsftp-ext'.

First you need to remove the version installed by apt-get. Open a terminal and run:

sudo apt-get remove vsftpd

This will remove the version of vsftpd installed by apt-get. Once you've done that, it's probably a good idea to recompile 'vsftpd-ext', just to make sure everything is setup properly. Just follow that guide again, and everything should be fine.


How can I change the mouse pointer theme from the command line?

How settings work under the hood

Each user's profile is managed by DConf database. You can read more about it my answer on this question: Do GUI based application execute shell commands in the background?  Each particular setting has schema - sort of like a URL - and key - a name of a particular setting -  associated with it.

Let's find out what setting does Unity Tweak Tool alter when we change cursor theme, by running dconf watch / and then changing pointer theme in UTT:

$ dconf watch /
/org/gnome/desktop/interface/cursor-theme
  'crystalblue_classic'

Great, now we know what schema and key to change !

The gsettings tool - tweaker's friend

Luckily for us there exists a command-line utility called gsettings, which we can use to alter the settings that we need. This tool is often used in shell scripts. For other types of languages such as Python or C, there exist GSettings libraries which allow us to do the same things. Here we specifically want to use gsettings because it can be used on command-line.

The difference to note is that unlike dconf , the schemas are dot-separated, rather than slash-separated. Thus, gsettings would understand org.gnome.desktop.interface schema.

Thus, what we can do is this:

$ gsettings set  org.gnome.desktop.interface cursor-theme 'redglass'

Notice that in this example I'm using Redglass as one of the themes that I have installed, which you might not have, so use some of the values that you have listed in UTT.

Finding values of the schema

Typically what can be done to find all possible options on gsettings schema is to use range option:

$ gsettings range com.canonical.Unity.Launcher launcher-position
enum
'Left'
'Bottom'

Unfortunately, the schema that we need to use to alter cursor theme doesn't have enum values:

$ gsettings range  org.gnome.desktop.interface cursor-theme
type s

Thus, alternatively, what you can do ( and what UTT apparently does) is to list all directories in /usr/share/icons folder that have cursors folder like so:

$ ls -d /usr/share/icons/*/cursors
/usr/share/icons/crystalblue_classic/cursors/      /usr/share/icons/crystalgray_nonanim/cursors/       /usr/share/icons/crystalwhiteleft_nonanim/cursors/

... more output here

And then just select each theme's folder name as new value.

Taking it further - making a shell script

Of course we don't want to deal with several commands over and over. Rather, lets make it simple via a shell script, in this particular case - a bash script (because we want to make use of advanced features such as arrays and because we're not striving for portability to systems other than Ubuntu) which will list available themes and allow us to select the one we want.

#!/usr/bin/env bash

fifo="/tmp/themes_script.fifo"
mkfifo "$fifo"

declare -a themes
find /usr/share/icons -maxdepth 2 -type d  -name "cursors" -printf "%P\n" > "$fifo" &

while IFS= read -r line
do
        themes+=("${line%/*}")
done < "$fifo"
rm "$fifo"

echo ">>> Please enter the number of new theme for cursor"
select opt in "${themes[@]}"
do
     if [ $REPLY -le ${#themes} ]
     then
          gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface cursor-theme  \'$opt\' &&
          exit 0
     else
          echo "Improper argument" > /dev/stderr
          exit 1
     fi
done

Test run:

bash-4.3$ ./change_cursor_theme.sh
>>> Please enter the number of new theme for cursor
 1) crystalblueleft_nonanim   14) crystalgray_nonanim
 2) crystalgreenleft_classic  15) DMZ-Black
 3) crystalwhite_nonanim      16) crystalgrayleft
 4) handhelds             17) crystalblueleft_classic
 5) crystalgreen          18) Deepin-sapphire
 6) whiteglass            19) crystalwhiteleft
 7) crystalgray           20) crystalgreenleft_nonanim
 8) crystalwhiteleft_nonanim  21) crystalgrayleft_nonanim
 9) redglass              22) DMZ-White
10) crystalblue           23) crystalblueleft
11) crystalwhite          24) crystalblue_nonanim
12) crystalblue_classic       25) crystalgreenleft
13) crystalgreen_nonanim      26) crystalgreen_classic
#? 9
bash-4.3$


How is the severity/priority of a vulnerability in the Ubuntu CVE tracker determined?

The Ubuntu Security Team's wiki page on Bug Triage says that priority levels are described in ubuntu-cve-tracker's README, where you can see this:

  Ubuntu Priorities

  These are very similar to the Debian priorities, but with some
  differences. Priorities can be roughly mapped as:

  negligible  Something that is technically a security problem, but
  is        only theoretical in nature, requires a very special         situation,
  has almost no install base, or does no real       damage.  These tend not
  to get backport from upstreams,       and will likely not be included in
  security updates unless       there is an easy fix and some other issue
  causes an update.

  low     Something that is a security problem, but is hard to
        exploit due to environment, requires a user-assisted        attack, a
  small install base, or does very little damage.       These tend to be
  included in security updates only when        higher priority issues
  require an update, or if many         low priority issues have built up.

  medium  Something is a real security problem, and is exploitable
        for many people.  Includes network daemon denial of service
        attacks, cross-site scripting, and gaining user privileges.
        Updates should be made soon for this priority of issue.

  high        A real problem, exploitable for many people in a default
        installation.  Includes serious remote denial of services,      local
  root privilege escalations, or data loss.

  critical    A world-burning problem, exploitable for nearly all
  people        in a default installation of Ubuntu.  Includes remote root
                  privilege escalations, or massive data loss.

CVE-2017-14491 has high priority because dnsmasq is installed by default and the bug allows both denial-of-service and code execution remotely and is not particularly hard to exploit.


Middle-button paste stops working under VirtualBox

I wouldn't count this as an answer, and I don't have the rep to comment, but if you haven't seen it already, this page and this other question might at least help get you going in the right direction. I'm not sure what the problem is exactly, but if it's an issue within Ubuntu, you may be able to write a script to remap the middle mouse button, and if it's an issue with the VMWare, modifying the .vmx file might work, at least as a workaround solution.


How do I keep guest additions working in virtual box after updates?

This should have been taken care of by dkms - this builds kernel support each time the kernel is updated.

Ensure dkms is installed before the next time you run the VBoxGuestAdditions module

i.e.

sudo apt-get install dkms
cd /cdrom
sudo sh ./VBoxLinuxAdditions-x86.run


GhostInTheShell upgraded WoeUSB by running the following command and now it works properly.

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade


Why nginx -v not display version on ubuntu12.04?

Its seems like nginx is not properly installed.
You can re install nginx by

apt-get purge nginx*
apt-get autoremove
apt-get update
apt-get install nginx-full

Also you can try easyengine to install and manage website on ubuntu server.


you can restore it normally by booting to the recovery mode then coping over the other file

cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak /etc/X11/xorg.conf

then restart and it should load the new xorg.conf

if it just boots to the shell you should be able to do this but you will need to use sudo.


Automatically mounted NTFS (not in /etc/fstab) won't chmod

Disclaimer - I would use a Linux native file system as NTFS is likely to get complicated and may not work.

If you must use ntfs, mount the ntfs partition with the option permissions.

Edit /etc/fstab

# Graphical
gksu gedit /etc/fstab

# Command line
sudo -e /etc/fstab

Add an entry

/dev/sda2  /media/ntfs ntfs-3g  permissions,locale=en_US.utf8   0   2

chown and chmod will now work.

However ...

My understanding is Microsoft made some changes to ntfs and some people report they can not read files written to a NTFS drive from Ubuntu.
You may well need to map users. See http://b.andre.pagesperso-orange.fr/permissions.html


I still have the Ubuntu 11.10 screen while booting

Both 11.10 and 12.04 comes with LightDM.

Purple screen and white dots you are referencing to is actually LightDM welcome screen. It hasn't visually changed between 11.10 and 12.04.

11.10 LightDM welcome screen:

12.04 LightDM welcome screen:


Ubuntu Server: how do I upgrade from 16.04 to 17.04 to get better hardware support?

You don't need to upgrade the release, you can upgrade only kernel by running

sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-16.04-edge

This will install kernel from 17.04.

To make use of the new kernel, reboot. GRUB2 will automatically picks the latest kernel.


How do I connect a wired desktop to internet via a wireless laptop?

I did this not that long ago for my brother when I set up Ubuntu 11.04 on his desktop and used an Ethernet cable between his machine and my Ubuntu 11.04 laptop, so his desktop could use my laptop's wireless. It was all GUI too, and required no extra packages or anything.

Unfortunately, I can't find the original source of my solution, but this post for how to do it in Ubuntu 9.10 should work just as well, it seems familiar. Basically, you just need to go to your network connections on your laptop, open Edit Connections..., click your wired Ethernet connection, and under IPv4 settings set the Method to "Shared to other computers". Then click Save and reboot your machine for it to take effect.


The correct place for scripts that are to be run at boot is to call the script from /etc/rc.local

The comments in the file sum it up:

#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.


Your Geany installation is fine. Geany app menu is integrated to unity top bar(Global Menu).

To get menu hover the mouse to the top bar of unity.

Below is the image that shows menu not visible when mouse is not focused on unity top bar

When mouse hovered on unity top bar

Alternate way to bring up the menu is by using F10 key.

To bring up sidebar press Alt+v then b


apt-get searching for binary-armhf with INTEL i7 CPU

It is likely that you have installed (for example) armhf cross tools (compiler, linker, etc.) that add armhf as foreign architecture. You can verify this by running:

dpkg --print-foreign-architectures

You can remove the foreign architecture by running:

sudo dpkg --force-architecture --remove-architecture armhf

For me, the package adding armhf as foreign architecure was cuda-cross-armhf-6-5.


Cant login to phpmyadmin "#2002 - No such file or directory" and " Connection for controluser as defined in your configuration failed"

So I managed to solve it. Im not quite sure what caused the error in the first place. But I noticed that I couldnt log on to mysql via the terminal either. I got a #1698 - Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' error.
So what I did was that I created a new user

 create user 'phpmyadmin'@'localhost' identified by 'mypass';

But this gave me the error: ERROR 1396 (HY000): Operation CREATE USER failed for 'phpmyadmin'@'localhost'

So I found a thread which said that we should "assume" that this user already exists. So what I did was:

mysql> drop user 'phpmyadmin'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec)

mysql> create user 'phpmyadmin'@'localhost' identified by 'mypass';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'phpmyadmin'@'localhost' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

After this I could log into phpmyadmin with this user.


Disable three finger tap of Apple Trackpad in Ubuntu 12.04

Run the following in a terminal

synclient ClickFinger3=0
synclient TapButton3=0

If this does the trick (or a variance of 0 , 1  , 2, 3 , ) you can add it to startup.

(note i do not have a macbook,but it works on my asus. Please let me know if this does nothing at all)


There is currently a open bug report about the problem which comes also with a workaround.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/bind9/+bug/1565060


How do I see my system volume level when changing it?

Ahh. Finally I figured out how to make this work. I was trying to find a way to customize 12.04 keyboard shortcuts and came across a post on another forum. To fix this all I had to do was go

System Settings > Hardware > Keyboard > Shortcuts (tab) > Sound and Media

and the top three options are

Volume mute
Volume down
Volume up

To the right of those options are where the key combinations are located. Click on one of them and it says New Accelerator at which point you press your new shortcut key combo and presto.


11.04 is out of support. You won't be getting security updates for it. So you really shouldn't be running it.

More generally, if you don't want any non-security updates, go into Software Sources, and turn off the updates repository.


AMD ROCm Issues (HSA_STATUS_ERROR_OUT_OF_RESOURCES and more)

Generally there are two things that need to occur for you to get rocm working.
First, your CPU/Motherboard must support PCIE Atomics. Its unclear whether Bristol Ridge Supports it, but also the PCIE lane needs to be direct (not translated).
Best guess, most likely you won't be able to get this working with your hardware.
There are also quite a number of manufacturers that don't properly implement the BIOS tables. ASUS is one of those manufacturers but there are others. (i.e. tested with a Ryzen 5 Raven Ridge CPU + Prime B450-Plus mainboard gets the exact same error and prior to the latest firmware update its accessible, i.e. if you don't update AGESA).
You can find more information posted here. Specifically, the part about Bristol Ridge support, and OEM/ODM choices.
https://github.com/RadeonOpenCompute/ROCm#supported-cpus


Detect port scans performed by own computer

A definite easy way to monitor your system is to run a command like netstat for a day or so and see what's going outbound. For example, something like this would show all outgoing (polled) connections:

netstat -nputwc | tee ~/network.log

From there, you can check network.log in your home folder to see if there are any weird/anomalous connections. It would be best to run this on a day when you're not going to use the internet too much, so you can get only background and not-active connections. Netstat will give you the capability to see what process is also calling the connections, which might be worthwhile to find and destroy if any scanner is running.

Furthermore, you can get a more detailed/verbose log using tcpdump, which you can use to get more advanced output, and get more information. See man tcpdump for more information. However, look particularly at the src expression to only get outgoing connections. Also be sure to use the -w option to write to a file for easy searching. You can read a bit more about tcpdump here if you want. At the very least, this will tell you if your computer is actually scanning things.

From either of these, you can either get the process (through netstat) or important things like when and where things are going. You can in fact run both at the same time to look for any triggers or similar that cause scans. You can even use tcpdump to find when scans happen, and then cross-reference that with netstat to find what process is doing things.

If you notice that these scans happen at regular times, you should look for cronjobs or similar, which can be removed (relatively) easily.

Otherwise, you can use the general security tips, such as running rkhunter, clamav, and so on. You could also always just reinstall your system from a known-good backup to just end it now.

And just for a bit of background on botnets, mostly to bore you.

Typically, a botnet sits idle on your system until triggered by some order. This can either be your system receiving a message from a remote server, or your machine polling a server for its new "orders." Either way, you can use these same tools to find these botnet commands, and where they're going to.

Once you can capture your machine being part of a botnet (if it is), you can find what and where the botnet software is, and remove it using any methods you want.

It may also be important to note that your computer may not be the infected device on the network. A router upstream, a WAP, a webcam, or any other sort of IoT thing (printers, even!) can also be members of a botnet. If they're behind the same connection/IP as your machine (especially at home or similar), you might be falsely blaming your computer instead of your smart toaster or whatever.


Accidentally formatted root / partition, trying to Boot Repair

When you really formatted the / (root) partition, you have to reinstall ubuntu completely.

In case you have a system backup restore it and reinstall GRUB using Ubuntu install media.


Well, you can create a launcher by hand and add to the dock as a workaround. To do that, follow the steps below.

Create a .desktop file (say shutdown-for-dock.desktop) in ~/.local/share/applications/ directory. You can do that by running the following command in Terminal:

touch ~/.local/share/applications/shutdown-for-dock.desktop

Open the file with a text editor, for example by running

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/shutdown-for-dock.desktop

Then add the following lines to the file:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Shutdown for Dock
Exec=gnome-session-quit --power-off
Comment=Shutdown button for Ubuntu dock
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=system-shutdown

Save the file.
Click "Activities" or "Show Applications" and search for "Shutdown for Dock". It should appear.
Right click and add to favourites.


How can I move all the window controls to the right (or left)?

14.04

Short answer:

It seems that Canonical went the totalitarian way and ordered that users should not be allowed to change the buttons position (you can find more technical details of this change on the bottom of this post).

As for now the only way to have windows buttons on the right side in 14.04 is to switch from Unity to the Gnome Flashback session (what I personally recommend). More details on how to do that are presented below.

Switching to Gnome Flashback:

Open terminal and run the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gnome-session-flashback

Next logout and select Gnome Flashback session in login manager.

You can select between Metacity and Compiz managers. Metacity is more lightweight, however it lacks some effects. With Compiz you will get more similar experience to Unity. You can speed up Compiz by turning off animations plugin (use compizconfig-settings-manager).

While in Gnome Flashback session, to move buttons to the right open a terminal and enter this command:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences button-layout 'menu:minimize,maximize,close'

But I want to still use Unity:

As I wrote in technical details, Canonical hardcoded buttons position in their Unity plugin. Changing of this needs this plugin to be patched by some third-party programmers. As for now such a patch is not available. (When such a patch will be published, please edit this answer and post it here.)

Technical details of the change:

Unity uses Compiz as its window manager. They used Compiz plugin called GTK Window Decorator to draw window borders and titlebars. This plugin draws borders basing on the Metacity theme, which itself is highly configurable. That is why until 14.04 we had been changing Metacity settings in order to change buttons position [1].

Now they have resigned from using gtk-window-decorator and implemented window decoration right in their Unity Compiz plugin. They deliberately hardcoded buttons position on the left side and do not expose any position switch to the user, in order to maintain "consistent user experience", as they call it [2].


dual boot Ubuntu and windows ThinkPad, installed on partition won't boot

If you tell the BIOS to boot from USB it does not boot your installed Ubuntu but the version that is on your USB-stick.

Your problem is that the Windows-Bootloader is started before GRUB and Windows does not allow any other OS to be booted. What you need to do is prioritize GRUB. There are plenty of guides online, e.g. this one.


Ubuntu-desktop not working when suspend/resume or connecting an external monitor -after upgrade this week (14.04)

Same problem, here, last week my laptop LG with Intel Sandy Bridge and Nvidia GForce start freezing in the way you describe. In the past it could freeze from time to time. I move around with the laptop, so at home and work I use a dual screen but in the train (from home to work and back). I don't have the external display. ;-) Now every time I connect/disconnect the external display unity freezes.

My solution Ctrl+Alt+F1:

setsid unity

This allows Unity to be responsive again, but I miss the menu bar. Then I open a terminal in Unity and put again

setsid unity

and it works till the next time I unplug/plug the dual screen.

I'm also thinking to move away from unity, but I need to find a good desktop that looks nicely with dual screens of very different resolutions.


Unusally High RAM usage by ESET NOD32 (Linux Desktop)

Those seem to be start up scans, basically the antivirus software is going over all the files in your filesystems.

Disable the System Protection feature found under Setup > Antivirus and antispyware protection setup and try a reboot.


Google chrome opens specific website when ran from launcher

You say you removed the (extra) launchers from ~/.local/usr/share/applications/, but it should be ~/.local/share/applications (without usr).

Remove all google-chrome.desktop files from ~/.local/share/applications and all other .desktop files that may call google-chrome. If you doubt, make the file executable and it will show its icon. Then log out/in.


Let me suggest you to use sshuttle, it easily creates a 'vpn' over ssh in your workstation run the following commands:

$ sudo apt-get install sshuttle
$ sshuttle -r akh@192.168.x.x 10.x.x.x/24  # /24 is the subnet

Then in another terminal (also in workstation) you should be able connect automagically to any host in 10.x.x.x/24 subnet.

I do this all the time, I really recommend you to use sshuttle.


Why am I getting disconnected from WiFi after about 15 minutes of use?

echo "options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
sudo modprobe -rfv iwlwifi
sudo modprobe -v iwlwifi

Also best to set your router encryption to just wpas (AES)(CCMP) only and not (TKIP).


Found it in the release notes:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Install

Refer to the documentation for installation steps for your specific device.


How can I separate UNITs in systemd & service

I found that with 'Wants' instead of 'BindsTo' in .service file as I wrote above. It works!

But it's needed a couple of minutes after turn on the device(Jetson Nano).


you need to get permission to read/write in /var/www folder:

sudo adduser <username> www-data
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www
sudo chmod -R g+rw /var/www

here replace <username> with your username.


HTML app to deb package - for Raspberry, BeagleBone device

You have two options for doing that.

Electron
Node-Webkit

Both support making install-able applications (.deb packages) from HTML, CSS and JS web application for Debian based Linux distributions operating systems.


$$ is the PID (process id) of the current process.

$$1 is the above PID followed by the literal string 1.

So it is telling you that your bash is the process with PID 1930.

But... free trick:

show() { eval echo \$$1; }
show PATH
/home/romano/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin

(quite convoluted, ain't it?)

More info in TLDP.


How can i stop the grub config from being changed during a clean ubuntu install to another partition

I think you can simply change it in the file /etc/default/grub; change GRUB_GFXMODE=HHHxVVV to 640x480.

If you want to know more about grub, you can read the manual at this URL


I need some additional information.  Forgive me for asking the obvious, but have you restarted the server? If not, please do so and retest.

First, can you ping your gateway IP address? Type ping 192.168.0.1 and press enter.

Another area to test, type ifconfig and press enter. Do you see eth0 listed with the inet addr of 192.168.0.120? Do you see any other interface listed in the left column other than eth0 and lo?

Also, we need to rule out that this is a DNS issue. At the terminal type dig | grep SERVER and press enter. You should see 192.168.0.1 in the line returned. If that is the case, type dig google.com and press enter. This should return a list of google's IP addresses. You also might want to consider adding these lines to your /etc/network/interfaces file:

network 192.168.0.0
broadcast 192.168.0.255

Then restart the server and retest.
What type of environment is the server running in? I am assuming this might be a home network with a router. When the server is running correctly from the dynamic IP address, what is the information returned by ifconfig? Answering these questions will be helpful and will provide me with a better starting point.


Inkscape poor performance and lags on powerfull machine

the 4th generation Intel Haswell chip-set requires the i965 driver.

one has to build mesa with option:

--with-dri-drivers=i965

for debug: intel_gpu_top


The driver download page does say:

  Supported Linux Kernel version Up to Kernel v3.6

Until they've updated it, I think you're limited on version of Kernel. New Kernels aren't just a set of new numbers. Things get moved around. The way things work changes.

That said, people have been working on patches. If you do follow that (rather than using a supported kernel) make sure you pick the right version.


there's two things to consider here.

Is your system configured to suspend-then-hibernate? if that's the case then the system is waking up to hibernate, but it's failing in the process of hibernation, this can be caused by not having or having a small swap partition or swap file, if you don't want hibernation you can find more info here How to go automatically from Suspend into Hibernate?
 and instead of configuring the hibernation you disable it entirely or you can test if the solution of that question solves your problem.

Some Intel Haswell systems with the LynxPoint and LynxPoint-LP chipset sufer from instantaneous wakeups from suspend if that's the case you can se the archlinux solution for this (yes i know this is for the ubuntu os but scince you don't have that specific probem in arch maybe this is why) instantaneous wakeups from suspend

Still this requires more digging and more specific info, but this may point you to the right direction to solve the problem.


The gitweb part:

You have to install the package gitweb with sudo apt-get install gitweb

Then you have to edit the apache gitweb config file

$EDITOR /etc/apache2/conf.d/gitweb

change the line Alias /gitweb /usr/share/gitweb
to

Alias /git /usr/share/gitweb

open the /etc/gitweb.conf file:

you have to change the line
$projectroot ".." to
$projectroot "/code/git"

and change any other line containing /gitweb to /git
for example

$stylesheet = "/gitweb/gitweb.css";

to

$stylesheet = "/git/gitweb.css";

then reload you apache webserver with sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 horse-reload

The GIT part itself:

I STRONGLY recommend the use of gitosis (http://scie.nti.st/2007/11/14/hosting-git-repositories-the-easy-and-secure-way)

REMEMBER if you use gitosis the line $projectroot in /etc/gitweb.conf has to be

$projectroot = "/home/git/repositories/";

You can find detailed information on howto setup gitosis at
http://scie.nti.st/2007/11/14/hosting-git-repositories-the-easy-and-secure-way

describing the full gitosis setup is too long for this answer.

If you need more help on gitosis drop me a comment

To fix apache permission problems, it might be necessary to do:

adduser www-data git
chgrp -R git /home/git/repositories


confused about keys and using it with multiple computers

You use putty gen to generate a key, then on the ssh computer you set the pubkey to work with the  ssh server.

If you need more guidance may I recommend reading this site:

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-ssh-keys--2
Thanks hope this helps!


Log into Ubuntu in a dual-boot without grub

After surfing many places at last I have a work around. The links given in the answer of Brett Holman above helped me little. I can now successfully hide the grub menu/screen by applying the solution given by user310707.

First I set the default Boot into Windows, then I hid the Grub screen. Now my PC always directly boots into windows.

But (as said in some posts), SHIFT key does not bring back the GRUB Menu/screen. So if I need to log into my Ubuntu (Lubuntu), I use a tool which lists all available/existing OSs in the machine and enable to boot into any one of those. Tho name of the tool is Super Grub2 Disk.

Using that I can occasionally log into Ubuntu while that is hidden in normal boot time. Exactly what I wanted...


Samsung Galaxy Book S (Intel) Ubuntu 20.04 installation keyboard/touchpad do not work

Put an external USB keyboard and mouse on your Samsung Galaxy Book S to finish the installation process, and see what happen. i.e. To see whether Ubuntu 20.04 can put right keyboard and touchpad driver for it.


Why can't I use the 14.10 development apis?

You need to set the useDeprecatedToolbar property of your MainView to false.

This is temporary because we are currently supporting an old API (tools for toolbar), and a new (actions to go in the header). For Ubuntu.Components 1.1, the default value of useDeprecatedToolbar, which is now true, will be changed to false in the very near future (this week or the next).


Adding/changing application synonyms in search

There is a key called "Keywords", it's described as

  A list of strings which may be used in addition to other metadata to describe this entry. This can be useful e.g. to facilitate searching through entries. The values are not meant for display, and should not be redundant with the values of Name or GenericName.

For example for LibreOffice Calc it looks something like

Keywords=Accounting;Stats;OpenDocument Spreadsheet;Chart;Microsoft Excel;Microsoft Works;OpenOffice Calc;ods;xls;xlsx;

You can search with any of these keywords, LibreOffice Calc should appear in the result.


How do I Share a Public Folder with Windows Users?

Short answer: yes, that is a good way to share the folder.  It will prompt you for permissions much like windows - whether to allow others read-only access, or write access.

Linux permissions apply to the owner, the group, and/or the general public.  Generally, the group permissions are not that important for normal use.  Each of these has 3 permissions that are used in combination: read, write, execute.  So if you are owner, you might have read/write permissions, but others might have only read, or even none.


How to install gtkspell spell-check on Ubuntu 16.04?

apt-cache search gtkspell finds the package python-gtkspellcheck which sounds exactly like what you want.

You can also find it in the list of recommended packages of zim:

$ apt-cache show zim | grep '^Recommends:'
Recommends: python-gtkspell

You can display and install recommended packages through Synaptic via the context menu or through Apt (with the --install-recommends option in case you disabled the default APT::Install-Recommends configuration setting):

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends zim


Deactivate internal bluetooth adapter while leaving usb dongle online

You can create a udev rule to disable the internal bluetooth

sudo -H gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/81-bluetooth-hci.rules

Paste the following in
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="105b", ATTRS{idProduct}=="e065", ATTR{authorized}="0"

Save, exit text editor and reboot


Two network interfaces on different networks but only one can access the internet

I suggest that the enp2s0 stanza read:

# The secondary network interface
allow-hotplug enp2s0
iface enp2s0 inet static
address 192.168.0.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.0.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.0.1 8.8.8.8

Restart the interface:

sudo ifdown enp2s0 && sudo ifup -v enp2s0

Check:

ping -c3 www.ubuntu.com


Why won't a new Ubuntu 20.04.2 install mount old encrypted home directories?

Found the answer by following a thread from one of the links to similar questions while typing this up:  Ubuntu 17.10 to 18.04 encrypted /home  Thanks, Organic Marble!
In a nutshell, need to install the ecrypt-fs package from a terminal login then reboot.  Did that and everything works smoothly now.


Your best bet is to try to tweak the modifier key to choose the right level. These settings don't come pre-package but can be installed with:

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

If you go to Show Applications>Tweaks>Keyboard & Mouse>Additional Layout Options>Key to choose the 3rd level you can set the key you want as a modifier for the 3rd level of 2 (@).


Can you run Web Dev packages on aquaris m10

I don't have a high enough reputation to add a comment, but I thought I would share in an aswer my current experience.

I am a web developer. I have been using ubuntu for many years and am comfortable with apt-get and a little configuration.

I bought my Aquaris M10 with the purpose of using it as a travel computer. The idea is that it would be handy to use for browsing and videos as a tablet but still enable me to develop with Ruby on Rails. So far it is frustrating me that it is not easier to set up basic dev tools.

The problem is that you can't use apt-get directly but have to do some chroot magic to install .deb packages to work with the ARM architecture.
Recommended way to install regular(cli) .deb packages on Ubuntu Phone?

My current plan is to wait for the ugrade to ubuntu 16.04 before attempting this as I gather things will be easier then.

Yes, terminal is functional but out of the box you are very limitted to which system files you can edit and the the overall experience I found is not highly responsive. I don't know if the responsiveness is a problem that can be fixed. top shows the load average is generally between 10 and 12. That would bring my desktop to its knees but perhaps ARM works differently.

It is thrilling to be using the first ubuntu tablet off the shelf. I would never have bought a non linux tablet. But if I could go back in time I would either have bought a netbook, which would have performed miles better for less money, or I would have held off until the next version. The tablet is working well as a touch device, no problems adding blue tooth keyboard and mouse, but I was expecting more from the desktop experience.

I am optimistic it will get there very soon. I love the concept of phone/tablet and computer in one.

Edit:

There is a useful help page for installing packages with Libertine here:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Libertine


Workaround for pcmanfm "module directory not accessible"

I got this in termial when running pcmanfm in openbox session also
** (pcmanfm:1530): WARNING **: modules directory is not accessible

after creating the directory "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pcmanfm" the message disappeared


Taking more than two days for detecting file system during Ubuntu 16.10 installation

I had the same issue on my gaming PC.

In BIOS, after you select to boot with the live USB/CD, toggle to Try Ubuntu using arrow key,
then press e.

Now-you will come upon the install command line; here -
append the text within the round brackets - (acpi=off) - after (quiet splash),
then press F10 to continue the booting process.
You should not see this issue again.


The error message tells you to check if the package apt-transport-https is installed.

You can do that by either

dpkg -l | grep apt-transport-https

or

apt-cache policy apt-transport-https

Seems like you accidently removed it. If that is the case try to reinstall it via apt.

sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https

or shorter

sudo apt install apt-transport-https


BQ Aquaris phone vpn configuration and/or software?

Update, as of OTA-10 that the BQ Aquaris E5 Ubuntu Edition now has, OpenVPN is natively part of the settings and the text below is obsolete

Well, as of Ubuntu version OTA-9, that the BQ Aquaris E5 Ubuntu Edition now has, there is finally VPN. It should work with nordvpn as they have OpenVPN. It is not super-easy to configure though... ...here is what you will need to do:

VPN is now supported on Ubuntu Touch via NetworkManager but there is no official GUI yet to configure it. Fortunatly Pete Woods has created a GUI we can use, download it from here: via the phone's browser app to the phone.

Install the GUI with this command from the phones terminal app:

pkcon install-local --allow-untrusted ~/Downloads/com.ubuntu.developer.pete-woods.vpn-editor_0.2.0_all.click

The new GUI app will now show up in the Apps Scope (refresh the app list by dragging the list down from the top)

You can now configure nordvpn by following the guide for Linux and NetworkManager, the GUI is not the same but resembles that of the linux desktop. Furthermore, there is no import ability of a configuration file. You may want to do the import of a configuration file on a linux desktop and then copy the settings to the phone.

There is one final step left. Most VPN services rely on a username and a password and at the moment there is no support to store the password for the VPN service on the phone automatically (even if the GUI app actually has a password field).

To my knowledge there is no other way to solve this than to edit the NetworkManager connection-configuration file for the new VPN connection manually and insert the password in plain text. It will be protected by root so it’s not as unsafe as one might think. To do this, get back to the terminal app. Go to the directory where the connection-configuration files are with the command:

cd /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections

Then locate you connection, It’s probably called “VPN connection 1”. If there are many files you may need to inspect them to find your connection. Edit the file via e.g.

sudo nano “VPN connection 1”

Insert the following line last in the [vpn] section

password-flags=0

Then, after this line, add a new section called [vpn-secrets] and a new line with the password line like this:

[vpn-secrets]
password=your_vpn_password

Save the file and you are ready.

open the VPN GUI app again and toggle the vpn connection to on and the VPN service should start.

Note! once you inserted the credentials to the connection-configuration file you can not edit the connection in the GUI app anymore, if you do the password will be overwritten.


This PPA hasn't been updated since the raring release (there's no bionic release), and hasn't been updated since 2013. So it's way too old to use for anything.


System Settings > Language Support > Languages. You should have a list of your installed languages. By dragging and dropping re-order the list so that Swedish is on the first place. Afterwards, if you wish, you can click Apply system-wide, and also set things up under the Regional Formats tab.

Please note that even if you do all this, you'll have Swedish translated strings only if the translation exists. If any Swedish translations are missing, you'll get English strings instead.


How do I change the firefox bookmark icon?

You can change the star button by modifying the userChrome.css file as demoed in http://studioshorts.com/blog/2010/07/firefox-removing-the-star-bookmark-this-page-button/. However, if you look in to your Firefox profile in Ubuntu, you won't see any directory named 'chrome'.


How can I check if my laptop's wireless card supports 802.11AC wifi?

The simplest way is to find out your card type and search online its capabilities.  The command to find your hardware is lshw -c network. In my case, this gives:

 *-network
       description: Wireless interface
       product: QCA9565 / AR9565 Wireless Network Adapter
       vendor: Qualcomm Atheros
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0
       logical name: wlan7
       version: 01
       serial: d0:53:49:3d:53:fd
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical wireless
       configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k driverversion=4.4.0-31-generic firmware=N/A ip=192.168.0.78 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn
       resources: irq:17 memory:d0700000-d077ffff memory:d0780000-d078ffff
WARNING: output may be incomplete or inaccurate, you should run this program as super-user.

Note, that in your case as shown in comments for your card it's just a lucky coincidence that the card product description shows product: BCM4352 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter  In my example description shows model only.


Unable to use/mount/initialize/format Ipod in Ubuntu

Unfortunately, you need a Windows or Mac OS environment to initialize your iPod.  once you have that, i believe you can use it via iTunes in Ubuntu, but you have to init it via Windows or Mac first.


Ubuntu can read NTFS partitions by default. So you have nothing more to do than

boot Ubuntu
open the Files manager (Nautilus)
identify your Windows partitions in the left sidebar and click on it
Nautilus will automatically mount and open the drive. You can see a small eject symbol next to it which will unmount it again, when clicked.
Browse you Windows partition and get whatever files you want. Just copy them over to where you want them.


Viber - Video Hardwere not found - Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS


There's only one way of knowing: Testing.

Ubuntu uses the Linux kernel. Unlike Windows' NT kernel, Linux comes with most drivers built-in, so in 99% of the cases every piece of hardware will be "plug-and-play": you insert it, it works. No need to install anything.

But sometimes you may have some trouble, specially with extremely new hardware, since Linux may not have its drivers yet. But, again, in 99% of the cases you can solve the problems with no headache.

So there's a rule of thumb: if you have very new hardware, stick with the latest Ubuntu release (currently 15.10 Wily Werewolf). It ships with a new kernel version and has a bigger driver collection. In the rest of the cases, get the latest LTS (Long Term Support) release (currently 14.04 Trusty Tahr), which has extended support and more stability.

A great way of knowing if Ubuntu (and virtually any Linux system) will work well with your machine is using a Live media (the same you'll use to install the OS). Boot from it and test everything, like internet connection (wired/wireless), sound, performance, support to your devices, etc. Once you're sure that it's running fine you can proceed to the installation.


After Upgrading to 12.04 I can't get to the login screen

Press CTRL+ALT+F1 and reinstall your graphic card drivers from the command line.

If you're using NVidia, it's most likely sudo apt-get purge nvidia-current and sudo apt-get install nvidia-current.
After that, run sudo reboot.


How to install software provided in software-center via terminal?

Short and sweet:
Run the following commands in terminal to install kdbg:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install kdbg

Generalized Solution:
apt-get is the command line package management tool to install/update/remove softwares. To install any software you may run the following commands:
sudo apt-get update   # This updates/synchronizes the package index files with the update server (not always necessary to run this command, but preferred)
sudo apt-get install <package_name>   # This command actually installs the package

Most of the times <package_name> is same as the name of the software you want to install. However, if you can't seem to figure out the name of the package, you have a couple of options before you.
Suppose you want to install dconf Editor - it's package name differs from it's name.
1. GUI - Using Ubuntu Software Center:
Search for the software you want to install, then look at the Version field. It consists of two parts separated by a space, the first part before space is the package name and the second part gives the version information. For dconf Editor the package name is dconf-tools.

2. Command Line - Using apt-cache:
We run the command as apt-cache search <software_name>
$ apt-cache search dconf
dconf-gsettings-backend - simple configuration storage system - GSettings back-end
dconf-service - simple configuration storage system - D-Bus service
dconf-tools - simple configuration storage system - utilities
libc-bin - Embedded GNU C Library: Binaries
libdconf-dbg - simple configuration storage system - debugging symbols
libdconf-dbus-1-0 - simple configuration storage system - D-Bus library
libdconf-dbus-1-dbg - simple configuration storage system - D-Bus debug symbols
libdconf-dbus-1-dev - simple configuration storage system - D-Bus development files
libdconf-dev - simple configuration storage system - development files
libdconf-doc - simple configuration storage system - documentation
libdconf1 - simple configuration storage system - runtime library
asoundconf-gtk - Applet to select the default ALSA sound card
dconf - collect system information
libdconf-qt-dev - dconf Qt bindings (development files)
libdconf-qt0 - dconf Qt bindings (library)
libgrabcd-readconfig-perl - rip and encode audio CDs - common files
libmed-tools - Runtime tools to handle MED files
xnetcardconfig - A simple network card configuration wizard for X

This lists dconf-tools at third place. Not quite helpul, but still good enough in most of the cases.
I almost always tend to use apt-cache, if not satisfied, then use the Ubuntu Software Center.

Tip: Use simulation with apt-get:
If not quite sure, use the -s flag with apt-get to simulate the working of the command. Make sure to put the flag at the end. Thus, run the command as:
sudo apt-get install <package_name> -s


Mac boots into Ubuntu on HDD with rEFInd installed and USB selected

This sounds like a rEFInd or Mac EFI issue relating to the selection of a BIOS/CSM/legacy-mode boot device. Booting in BIOS mode from a USB drive is always a bit tricky on Macs. Some things you might try include:

Hit the Esc key in rEFInd. This will cause it to re-scan boot devices, which may yield a working option that wasn't initially detected.
Hold the Option (or Alt) key as you power on the Mac. This should produce the Mac's built-in boot manager, which might (or might not) work any better than rEFInd.
Install rEFInd's EFI ext4fs driver. This should enable rEFInd to boot Arch's kernel from the USB drive without involving another boot loader. This approach might necessitate adding kernel options, though, which is best done by adding a /boot/refind_linux.conf file inside Arch. (This file is covered in detail in rEFInd's documentation.)


How to change the font size of preview options  when using an input method?

Open the Keybord Input Methods settings application.

Wait for the settings window to appear. In the "Font and Style" section of the "General" tab, enable the "Use a custom font" checkbox. You can then change the typeface and size of the input preview font with the button to the right.


Find files belonging to a user with size in MB on Ubuntu 12.04 (Precise Pangolin)

You need to use exec predicate of find:

sudo find / -user web132 -exec ls -lh {} +

This will execute ls -lh under the -exec predicate of find and will give you output in the human readable format. If you want to output always in megabytes you need some additional operations, the -h option in your ls -lh suggesting that you only want the output in human readable format.


You could install the OpenJDK versions (openjdk-6-jdk or openjdk-7-jdk):

sudo apt-get install openjdk-6-jdk
sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk

If you need the Oracle Java JDK have a look at:

How do I update Oracle Java 7 (JDK and JRE)


How to change subpixel layout from default RGB in Infinality?

You need to change setting called rgba from rgb to bgr.

<fontconfig>
  <match target="font">
    <edit name="rgba" mode="assign">
      <const>bgr</const> <!-- here -->
    </edit>
  </match>
</fontconfig>

I'm on Arch, and for me it was in /usr/share/fontconfig/conf.avail.infinality/10-base-rendering.conf. On your system it might be different, just grep for rgba in all *.conf files. A reboot/X restart might also be required.

EDIT
I just realized that a package upgrade might revert this back to the default. So the right location for this is etc/fonts/local.conf, you can create it if it doesn't exist.


Disable login prompt through SSH when no key is present

On the server side, edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config so that you have the line:
PasswordAuthentication no

then restart the server:
sudo service sshd restart

That will remove the ability to authenticate without a key.
However, you will always have to identify yourself, so you can't remove the login prompt.
If you use ssh username@hostname to connect, you'll never see it, but others will if they connect to the hostname with no username.
You can limit access to only your username with a key if you add to the above:
AllowUsers username

For this and other things, see the Ubuntu wiki page for SSH.


Can you sign in (Desktop 12.10) user via SSH?

I solved this by running and sudo reboot command from inside of the ssh session I still had access too. Luckily, my system is set to auto sign-in to the main account on the computer, so I had VNC access again after it booted up.


Getting error while creating react native app

I solved this issue by changing the permission of my .npm directory. I went to the npm global directory for me it was at

/home/<user-name>

I went to this directory by entering this command

cd /home/<user-name>

and then changed the permission of .npm folder by entering this command.

sudo chmod -R 777 ".npm"

It worked like a charm to me. But there is a security flaw with this i.e your global packages directory is accessible to all the levels.


Some Firefox add-ons are not compatible with the later versions of Firefox (like 11).   This may be your issue.

Check out here for some other compaibility issues with this theme


goto
 settings-> software and updates->
click on other softwares -> select canonical partners->
then goto additional drivers,
now it will update and show you broadcom device list. select on the first driver you see and apply it and check.


Installation stuck on Nexus 5 (Hammerhead)

Found a solution to this problem.
Install CD-AUTO-ROOT (https://download.chainfire.eu/316/CF-Root/CF-Auto-Root/CF-Auto-Root-jflte-jfltexx-gti9505.zip)

Watch this video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b6OfB6UDNdQ as this will help for gudance.

Make sure you have got SuperSU and MultiROM installed as this is a better way of installing Ubuntu on your phone and also you can still use your Android side as well.

Make sure your phone is on charge and you can use this on Windows/ Mac or Linus (I did it on Linux as it was easier for me)

Hope this helps and problems am more than help to help you out :)

Cheers

Dan


Is there a way to remove grub without a live cd

sudo update-grub should do it. The grub menu is automatically generated based on configuration files and the current partition layout. Be warned thought that if anything goes wrong you won't be able to boot unless you know what you are doing at the GRUB prompt. Having a Live CD or grub boot disk handy would be a good idea.


VLC media player cannot open video in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

The most reason would be to install Ubuntu extras.  To do so, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras


GTK_DEBUG=interactive gedit

After poking around I found the selector that works with gedit in Ubuntu 18.04:

.gedit-view {
    padding: 10px;
}


A weird thing about Sublime Text 2 installed

You need to put a .desktop file in /usr/share/applications (for all user) or ~/.local/share/applications (for current user).

Here is custom desktop file, save it as sublime.desktop and put in the above location.

(gksu nautilus for root access in case you want to put it for all user)

Change the Exec & Icon entry as per your path

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Sublime Text 2
Exec="/opt/Sublime Text 2/sublime_text" %F
MimeType=text/plain;
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=sublime_text
Categories=GNOME;GTK;Utility;TextEditor;Development;
Actions=New;

[Desktop Action New]
Name=New Editor Window
Exec="/opt/Sublime Text 2/sublime_text" --new-window

Source


Installer doesn't recognise windows 7 install

You can find a full tutorial on how to resize a partition using the "Something else" option here: Resizing partitioned windows7/ubuntu12.04


Allow certain exit codes to not abort execution in bash "-e" mode

Let's try this:

if sudo mount /drive; then
    : # exit status 0
else
    rc=$?
    [ $rc -ne 127 ] && exit $rc
fi

Test with this -- experiment with different values for status

env status=0 bash -e -c '
    mycmd() { return $1; }
    if mycmd $status; then
        :
    else
        rc=$?
        [ $rc -ne 127 ] && exit $rc
    fi
    echo OK
'


How to install Firefox 3.6 and 4.0+ in parallel?

in the answer below, "Firefox 3.6" is the installed version, "Firefox 4" is another version you want to use

The Firefox package from Mozilla can be extracted to any directory, like /opt or your home directory. I'm using separate profiles for Firefox 3.6 and 4 for optimal compatibility.

Download Firefox from mozilla.com to your home directory. (note that these packages are built for 32-bit systems, 64-bit systems may encounter strange issues like missing icons)
Open a terminal and extract the archive to ~/firefox by running:

tar xjf firefox-4.0.tar.bz2

(replace the filename accordingly)
Create the directory ~/bin if non-existent and make a link named firefox4 to the Firefox 4 executable:

mkdir ~/bin
ln -s ~/firefox/firefox ~/bin/firefox4

If you ~/bin was previously non-existent, you need to re-login to update your the path in which Ubuntu searches for applications. From now on, you can run Firefox 4 by executing firefox4. If you wish to use Firefox 4 instead of the Firefox version installed on the system, run:

ln -s ~/bin/firefox ~/bin/firefox4

Important: if you download Firefox from Mozilla, the auto-update feature of Firefox is enabled. The package manager (apt) does not take care of updating the Firefox package from Mozilla. To check for updates manually, go to Help => Check for updates.

Optional steps if you'd like to run Firefox 3.6 and 4 simultaneously with a single command:

Create new profile for Firefox 4 by starting the Profile Manager:

firefox4 -ProfileManager

Press Create Profile and enter firefox4 as profile name. Press Finish when done.
Create the file ~/bin/fx4, containing:

#!/bin/sh
firefox4 --no-remote -P firefox4 "$@"

Create the file ~/bin/fx, containing:

#!/bin/sh
firefox --no-remote -P default "$@"

(replace default by your profile name for Firefox 3.6)
It's assumed that the Firefox executable is Firefox 3.6 which is the case on Maverick (10.10), but not Natty (11.04).
Make it executable:

chmod +x ~/bin/fx4 ~/bin/fx

From now on, you can run the Firefox 4 profile by executing fx4 and Firefox 3.6 by running fx.


Xinerama with hardware acceleration at the same time

Try including

option "RenderAccel"  "true"

in your "Device" sections.


Mariadb-server is not installed but cannot install it.

sudo systemctl start/stop mariadb is the wrong command.

sudo service mysql start to start and sudo service mysql stop to stop mariadb (it is a mysql clone).


Have you followed the instructions in the README.md (https://github.com/juju/charmstore) ?
To specify a config.yaml file to the charmload command, use -config before the path. Because you're seeing only 28 charms this implies the import was not performed correctly, as it says in the README you can expect ~1050 charms in the DB and it might take more than 2 hours. Then you need to use charmd cmd/charmd/config.yaml to start the server on port 8080 and you should be able to access the /charm-info and other URLs.

I hope this helps!.


How to Install Ubuntu 16.04 with Window 7, Dual Boot

Install Ubuntu with the same mode as Windows i.e Legacy + UEFI as per your OP.

Install Grub.

Once installed, run sudo update-grub and it will detect Windows installed in the other partition and add it to the Grub's list of available boot options which are displayed when you boot up the system.

Make sure not to format the partition in which Windows is installed.


How-To add a software to the Ubuntu Software Center

In order for a piece of software to be included in Ubuntu, it must meet the Ubuntu License Policy.

You can find details on how to request software be added to the Ubuntu software centre on the New Package page of the Ubuntu Wiki.


i think that this might be an issue with MBR and in order to recover grub follow the steps and check whether it fixes your issue.

1. Pop in the Live CD, boot from it until you reach the desktop.
2. Open a terminal window or switch to a tty.
3. Type "grub"
4. Type "root (hd0,6)", or whatever your harddisk + boot partition numbers are (my /boot is at /dev/sda7, which translates to hd0,6 for grub).
5. Type "setup (hd0)", ot whatever your harddisk nr is.
6. Quit grub by typing "quit".
7. Reboot.


Did you also update your xserver-xorg-video-amdgpu? You need a a relatively new version like 19.0.0 to be able to use freesync.


Replicate update-manager at the terminal

These are equivalent methods.

You may be connecting to a server that is slowly receiving updates, or are using a slower Internet connection.

You may be able to replicate the issue with back-to-back updates, that would prove that the GUI 'Update Manager' is not the issue here.

eg.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y


I had the same problem with 11.10 with Bluetooth connecting to my Galaxy S (as well as SD card mounting in read only mode and showing corrupted files). I'm on a older HP dv6768se and the only fix I reached was uninstalling the Linux 3.0 kernel in 11.10 with the older 2.6.39 kernel for Oneiric. Bluetooth issue solved instantly. Lucid's kernel (2.6.31) was the last one that fully worked on my system in terms of the SD card issue. I'll try to install that next.


Short answer: Read the manual (page A-12).

This product, like others, has an integrated update functionality. Put the update on a USB stick, select "EZ Flash" or "Easy Flash" from the UEFI boot menu and do the update from within this program.

This is not releated to Ubuntu, you should have asked the question on another Stack Exchange site. However:

  Using unetbootin's FreeDOS 1.0 image I get to an error saying it couldn't run drivers then I get to a command line on disk A:. I assumed a dead end.

No, I think that is the correct behaviour. Depending on what error messages you got (some might not be releated to the task you are trying to accomplish). You then need to run the update utility and point it to the update it should apply. The difficult part may be to find out in which drive or directory the tool and update reside.

Also there is the possibility that there doesn't exist a DOS-based update tool, or the tool is not compatible to FreeDOS (and earlier versions of MS DOS) and has to be run from a Win9x boot disk (I remember facing such a problem with a 2011 model ProBook and some service technician tools).


How to load Ubuntu boot option after hiding it in Windows?

I guess "purple load menu" refers to the Ubuntu GRUB2 boot menu.

You can run Boot-Repair again to fix this problem.

Boot-Repair is a simple tool to repair frequent boot issues you may encounter in Ubuntu like when you can't boot Ubuntu after installing Windows or another Linux distribution, or when you can't boot Windows after installing Ubuntu, or when GRUB is not displayed anymore, some upgrade breaks GRUB, etc.

Boot-Repair lets you fix these issues with a simple click, which (generally reinstalls GRUB and) restores access to the operating systems you had installed before the issue.

If you can boot into Ubuntu which is installed into your disk, use it. Else, get a USB stick or a disc with Ubuntu inside and in the menu, choose Try Ubuntu Without Installing.

In your Ubuntu(make sure that you're connected to Internet), open Terminal.

Now type these commands.(Copy > Paste > Enter line by line)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

After a while, you should see a this.

Click Recommended repair button. Follow the instructions(It will ask you to copy&paste some commands). You should note the URL(paste.ubuntu.com/whatever). Now reboot your computer, you should see Ubuntu, Windows 8 and other options in a purple UI. Use arrow keys to move the highlightned line and press enter. If you didn't see it, that means the repair didn't success. Paste the URL you've noted bolow.


How can I identify the exact model of my AMD GPU?

Execute this command instead : lspci -k | grep -EA2 'VGA|3D'  The output looks like this :

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06)
Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 3501
Kernel driver in use: i915
--
01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM107M [GeForce GTX 860M] (rev a2)
Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 3501
Kernel driver in use: nouveau

In this example you can see that the model of the GPU NVIDIA GEFORCE GTX 860M is shown.


1) Does Windows exist in a partition you can access from Ubuntu?

    *does that mean in the grub? no*

2)     Can you boot into Windows XP

*can't boot to windows XP at all*

IT means you may accidentally deleted windows boot files from c drive or erased windows partition ,use windows xp disk to recover it and use this guide to recover ubuntu


In general is always good to have some swap, but the amount scales in a non linear way with the RAM amount. In you case 4GB would be the recommended size, ref:

https://www.redhat.com/en/about/blog/do-we-really-need-swap-modern-systems
https://access.redhat.com/solutions/15244


How does Software Center determine what is a "technical item" and what isn't?

Technical packages are ones that don't show up in the user menus.  That is, if you package ships a .desktop file, it will be considered non-technical.


You're missing space, the correct would be.

sudo mv -v /home/abiggj/Desktop/poweriso /usr/bin/poweriso

Notice the space after /home/abiggj/Desktop/poweriso.


Bash like installation suggestion in tcsh

The magic works because of command_not_found package that provide a command_not_found_handle function for both bash and zsh.

This works in bash because of this snippet in /etc/bash.bashrc

# if the command-not-found package is installed, use it
if [ -x /usr/lib/command-not-found -o -x /usr/share/command-not-found/command-not-found ]; then
        function command_not_found_handle {
                # check because c-n-f could've been removed in the meantime
                if [ -x /usr/lib/command-not-found ]; then
                   /usr/lib/command-not-found -- "$1"
                   return $?
                elif [ -x /usr/share/command-not-found/command-not-found ]; then
                   /usr/share/command-not-found/command-not-found -- "$1"
                   return $?
                else
                   printf "%s: command not found\n" "$1" >&2
                   return 127
                fi
        }
fi

There is also a file /etc/zsh_command_not_found that you can source to get that behavior for zsh - here, the function is called command_not_found_handler.

From a quick search, it does not seem that tcsh include such a functionnality to define a command_not_found_handle. So may be the name, is different, in that case you just need to convert the snippet in tcsh and include it in your ~/.tcshrc, else you can't!


"Jack audio server could not be started" in QJackCtl

I get this error when I use "default" as the jack audio device. When I specifically select my hardware soundcard or outboard card from the drop-down window under setup in qjackctl, it starts without a problem.


Restoring the bootloader and login screen of Vanilla Ubuntu after installing Ubuntu Studio

It is easy to change it using update-alternatives, the first command will give you options to select the Plymouth theme:

sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth
sudo update-initramfs -u

The second applies it to your current initramfs, so it is applied in the next restart.

Regarding the login screen, others have recommended using Unity Tweak Tool:

sudo apt-get intall unity-tweak-tool

Then, you can configure your theme on a graphical interface.


Shutdown Hangs for 5 Minutes on Kubuntu 14.04

It's impossible to be sure without actually experimenting on the given machine, but it's most likely a service and quite possibly modem-manager.

Modem-manager is a package related to mobile broadband modems, so if you aren't using any of those, you could just remove it entirely.

If that isn't possible (because you do use it) or fails to stop the issue, then try shutting down some services manually before a reboot, and see if one of these results in a dependably faster (and error-free) shut-down.

That service is therefore the (or a) culprit. If you know you don't need it, you can remove it. Otherwise you can try setting kill timeout 1 to the shut-down parts of its script, though that takes a bit of reading up on the config files for the service in question.


12.04 Alternate USB menu, can't boot or install

Used Universal USB Installer 1.8.9.8 to make a USB stick

I don't know what that program is but you need to use the officially recommended UNetBootin utility to create your USB stick.

The reason it's failing is because Grub is unable to locate the boot kernel image (initramfs), and that's probably the fault of Universal USB installer.


Error while running `sudo apt-get autoclean`

The error
 E: Unable to read /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/ - opendir (2: No such file or directory) clearly says "No such file or directory".

So, Try to create the directory, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo mkdir -p /var/cache/apt/archives/partial


On Ubuntu 20.04, Alt+F1 opens the Activities Overview. The same is achieved using Super+s and also pressing and releasing Super.
The shortcut to directly go to the Applications overview is Super+a. Once you are there, you can use the arrow keys to move to the different icons, and PgUp/PgDn to move between the pages.
Once an application icon is highlighted, press Enter to run it. Hit Shift+F10 to see its context menu.
You could change Alt+F1 to show the applications overview rather than the activities overview in "Settings" - "Keyboard Shortcuts". Disable the existing binding of "Show activities overview" (under the "System" section) then change the binding for "Show all applications" to Alt+F1


When will Ubuntu release an update to work flawlessly on Surface Pro 3?

"Flawless" is subjective since not even Windows on the SP3 is without issues.  With 15.04, there is only one issue that I am concerned with, battery/suspend.  I basically never shut down.  I have a 1 hour commute to work by motorcycle and it never has an issue.  Uses about 10%/hr when just sitting idle.  I found you need to disable suspend completely in power manager, else it may try to suspend and result with a black screen (unlit).

The only thing you need to do is add the trackpad to X via evdev by editing /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-evdev.conf and adding this to the end:

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "Surface Pro 3 cover"
    MatchIsPointer "on"
    MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
    Driver "evdev"
    Option "vendor" "045e"
    Option "product" "07dc"
    Option "IgnoreAbsoluteAxes" "True"
EndSection


My laptop screen has a purple tint. How to fix it?

Since version 3.24, Gnome has a built-in blue light filter called Night Mode (AKA Night Light). It is now almost a proven fact that exposure to blue light in night-time disrupts our sleep pattern. Night Mode is there for that reason: to limit your exposure to both bright and blue light from the screen. It works by applying a red hue upon screen. So when it is turned on, blue color may look purple (this is the case here, see comments on the question).

Go to Settings > Devices > Display. There you can customize Night Mode by setting activation time or controlling red-level. Or you can disable the feature altogether.

You can also change it through commmand line.


Looking at the README for that package, it supports building a Debian source package from your Python package via either the py2dsc utility or the sdist_dsc distutils command.

Once you've got a Debian source package, you should be able to upload it to your PPA with commands like:

# Unpack the source package:
dpkg-source -x package_version.dsc
# Prepare a signed package upload:
cd package-version/
debuild -S -sa
# Upload the source package:
cd ..
dput $ARCHIVE package_version.upload


Install the following extension:
https://github.com/laerne/desaturate_all

To do this copy the files into a folder called .local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/desaturate_all@nicolas.brack.mail.be

Logout and log back in, then you should be able to enable the extension through gnome-tweak-tool or by browsing to https://extensions.gnome.org/local

Once enabled, grayscale can be quickly turned on and off with the art pallet in the top right coner.

I think you will agree that a grayscale screen with Night Light works better than better Night Light by itself (if you use a color tempeture that is super low). Some things to look for: the scroll bar, the picture of colored penciles, Firefox logo, and the plant in the bottom left.

Here are some comparison screenshots:

Full Color

Grayscale

Night Light/Redshift with Full Color

Night Light/Redshift with Grayscale


unmet dependencies and broken count>0 problem

I had quite a similar error message:

dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/gimp_2.8.0~rc1-0precise0~ppa_amd64.deb (--unpack):
trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/file-xmc', which is also in package gimp-plugin-registry 3.5.4-1 dpkg-deb:
error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)

And apt-get stopped working for me as well, wouldn't do anything useful anymore. Same for the software center, however synaptic would still work (at least kind of) and I could deinstall the conflicting package gimp-plugin-registry 3.5.4-1 with it.

So you might give it a shot with Synaptic, although I wouldn't know how to get it unto your system when apt-get isn't working and you haven't already installed it.

UPDATE: I think I have a hunch about a more generic approach to solving this issue. You could try dpkg - P libzlcore 0.12.10-1, but as I already solved my issue I can't test it myself.


Install Ubuntu 20.04 server without tmpfs ram disks enabled

You are somewhat correct that the tmpfs results you are seeing in the output of df -h "a sort of RAM disk", but there's much more to these locations than meets the eye. Allow me to explain why they exist and whether they can be removed or not.
Each of these locations are actually API file systems and are critical to the operation of a systemd-based system. systemd mounts these locations during system initialisation literally before it does anything else.
Let's look at each of these, and why they exist:
/dev/shm
This exists pretty much only on Debian-based operating systems. /dev/shm is actually /run/shm on other distributions such as Fedora and SuSE. This tmpfs has the specific purpose of implementing POSIX shared memory on your operating system. Removing it will cause applications that use POSIX shared memory to fail.
This would be a bad thing.
/sys/fs/cgroup
This is where systemd and other daemons mount the various control group hierarchies that are available on your operating system. Removing it will stop the parts of your operating system, that depend from control groups, working.
This, too, would be a bad thing.
/tmp
As the name suggests, this is where applications expect to be able to put short-stay temporary files. Removing it will make a fair number of tools that use temporary files rather crashy.
Naturally, this would be a bad thing.
/run
This used to be /var/run and is where specialised types of temporary files that can potentially last until the next system bootstrap are placed. In /var/run you will find your PID files, the systemd non-persistent journal, UNIX-domain sockets, FIFOs, and other similar things. Removing it will make the systemd journal grow error logs as fast as your storage device can record them; break the vast majority of daemons that still, even today, use PID files; and wreck udev, the systemd "multi-seat" system, plus a whole bunch of other subsystems.
Do not do this unless you wish to see just how ungracefully an operating system can fail.
/dev
This is generally where you will find all of the device files for character and block devices are stored on Linux. A lot of programs and subsystems expect conventional names like /dev/tty, /dev/null, /dev/zero, /dev/console, /dev/fd/0, /dev/sda, and so forth to work. Removing this will break so much of the system that it would become effectively useless. This is a devtmpfs rather than a tmpfs, the difference being that the former is automatically populated and unpopulated with device file entries by the kernel itself, as devices are loaded/enabled and disabled/unloaded in the kernel.
While each of these locations do consume additional memory, the system is generally smart enough to know when these should exist in RAM and when they can be shuffled off to swap. Unless you are running a system with less than 768MB of total memory (RAM plus all swap files and — optionally — partitions), you should be fine.
I hope this answers your questions.


Don't show a window for the removable devices

Go to System Settings, then Details. Select Removable Media and tick Never Prompt or start programs on media insertion.


What will happen with ubuntu if I reinstall windows 8.1

If you reinstall windows it will make ubuntu not bootable. Ubuntu will still be there unless you repartition your drive, it just will not be accessible:

There is a section in this wiki that deals with installing windows after ubuntu.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot


Can't find a VLAN connection on network manager

Ok, I've managed it to erase it through the network manager terminal util:

nmcli c -> Show connections
nmcli c delete "VLAN Connection 1"

It's not really an answer, but it works.


You need the Packages.gz file to make it a proper repository. If it is empty, just wait adding it to sources.list until you have finished setting it up.

See http://mediakey.dk/~cc/howto-create-your-own-debian-or-ubuntu-package-repository/ for detailed instructions, including generating Packages.gz

To verify your architecture, run uname -m in a terminal. If it is a 64-bit machine, it should report x86_64.