I have absolutely no access to any of my files

All files and directories except those in your home folder are owned by root, which is the "god"-user on your system. That you have an administrative account does just mean that you have the privilege to get root rights by using sudo for terminal programs or gksu/gksudo/pkexec for GUI programs.
So to have full access on the folders that are not your home, run your file manager (nautilus by default in Ubuntu) with gksu.
Or: If you install the file manager nemo, you also get the option "open as root..." in the context menu of every folder.

Please do not enable the root account, as this is a big security danger. And this default setting prevents you from messing up your system accidentally (a bit).


Ubuntu 16.04, WiFi not working (Qualcomm Atheros 9565)

i solved the problem by running in terminal:

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-hp.conf <<< "blacklist hp_wmi"

and after a reboot the wifi works!!!


Uninstall lubuntu and Install Windows 10

When your computer starts booting it should tell you which key to press to enter a menu where you can choose which media to boot from, normally a FN (where N is a number like F1, F12) key or ESC. Choose to boot from your DVD or USB here.

When you have formatted your disk, you also have removed the files that GRUB tries to load.


GRUB is made up of two parts, a small bootloader that goes into the boot loader (probably MBR, but don't know for sure with your system), and another section with the menu that goes into the system's /boot/grub directory.  The bootloader must know where the other section is located.

So, you have two grub menus:  one in your Debian installation (which is the one being used), and one in the Ubuntu installation, which is not being used.

You need to tell the bootloader which one to use, and most likely when you installed Ubuntu, you told it to load the bootloader into the Ubuntu partition rather than the MBR.  But there is a way to fix it.  update-grub won't do it; all that does is to update the menu in /boot/grub to configure any changes made to configuration files.  What you need to run is grub-install. The easiest way to do this is to boot from any system other than Ubuntu that uses the same version of GRUB, such as the Ubuntu installation CD/USB, then mount the Ubuntu partition.

For example, say you mount the disk to the directory /mnt (assume /dev/sda for this example... sudo mount /mnt /dev/sda???, where ??? is the partition containing Ubuntu).  Once you do this, the command would be:

sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda

You should not need to run update-grub, as the menu should be OK once it's actually read.

Edit after comment
It may be that the option --root-directory has been made obsolescent; I'm pretty sure I've used it with this version, but it is not listed in the man pages anymore.  [This article]((http://www.av8n.com/computer/htm/grub-reinstall.htm) shows its usage with a lot more details.

I believe the current syntax may be sudo grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/sda, but I haven't tried this myself; an example is shown if you use info grub-install.  The "--boot-directory" option specifies the full path to the boot directory, which is actually more clear; the old version assumed that you would use a directory named "boot" in the specified root directory, which is the default, but not necessarily what is wanted.

Do you have a directory /media/ubuntu/long_hashed_looking_string/boot/grub/i386-pc?  That's where modinfo.sh is on my system.  The "--boot-directory" option actually is specifying where the grub.cfg file resides, which is what the grub bootloader looks for to display the menu.

I actually meant to mount using the mount command, such as sudo mount dev dir, eg sudo mount /dev/sda?? /mnt.  It's quick and easy to find, although it will hide any other files under /mnt, so I usually have something like /mnt/temp for things like this.


New computer from Dell with pre-installed Ubuntu won't boot. Should I assume it's an error from Dell?

You don't have to accept a computer that doesn't boot from Dell or from anyone. If the computer has a guarantee, return it and make them honor their guarantee. If you do too many things to try to repair this computer, it may be used as an excuse to void the guarantee, and you'll be stuck with a useless unbootable computer.


Can I make Launcher icons dark/dim unless app is running (then in color)?

Give Ubuntu Tweak a try, I find the settings included improve the Unity launcher greatly (Including the back light option).

Here is the web page for download Ubuntu Tweak


I'd recommend an EyeFi SD card. Amazing little things for sending photos to the computer but they won't give you nice tethered modes (eg remote control) over the camera so might not fit your requirements. If you're just looking to send your photos to your computer in real time, check it out.

Otherwise take a look at gphoto2 (installable from the repos). Either check the website or install it, plug your camera in and run gphoto2 --auto-detect. Here's what I see:

Model                          Port
----------------------------------------------------------
Nikon DSC D5000 (PTP mode)     usb:002,008

From there you can do different things. Mine is a proper DSLR so there's no zoom control for me but I can take photos and script various things to happen like taking silly-wide exposure triplets for super-high dynamic range photos and do interval shooting for time-lapse imaging.

It really is a very vast application. You'll need to poke around in the docs for a while before you've mastered it (I certainly haven't yet!)

Oh and I recommend an external power supply for the camera if you're doing time-lapse. The USB connection really drains the battery fast.

Something to get you started assuming gphoto2 can find the camera (in the --auto-detect output). Stick the camera in manual focus mode and run:

gphoto2 --capture-image-and-download

That should capture a photo and save it in the current directory.


Cron jobs not running while OS is locked

If your computer is sleeping rather than just locked, nothing will run, including cron jobs. To correct that, change whatever setting is causing your computer to sleep so that it only locks the screen.


Can't install Ubuntu on my HP Pavilion w5040la

You should check the hardware support matrix on the Ubuntu site. This provides hardware support and  release information. It may be that 14.04 is not supported on the Pavilion w5040la.

Next, make sure that you have the CD selected before the hard drive as a bootable device in the PC's BIOS. Hit F8 or F10, depending on model, to get to the BIOS, then select Boot Order to set the CD before the hard drive.

Then check the CD. Did you create it using the tools recommended on the Ubuntu site, as there are special instructions to make sure you have a bootable CD.


There shouldn't be any problems for Ubuntu if you change IDE mode to AHCI.
AHCI mode is faster not only at boot time.
Fore details about AHCI see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Host_Controller_Interface


Configuring screen timeout/lock based on location

Found it. idle-delay must be of type uint32 and not a string like the other two values. So this works for me:

=work su -c "dconf write /org/gnome/desktop/screensaver/lock-enabled true" k
=work su -c "dconf write /org/gnome/desktop/session/idle-delay 'uint32 120'" k
=work su -c "dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/power/sleep-display-ac 120" k
=work su -c "dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/power/sleep-display-battery 120" k
!work su -c "dconf write /org/gnome/desktop/screensaver/lock-enabled false" k
!work su -c "dconf write /org/gnome/desktop/session/idle-delay 'uint32 0'" k
!work su -c "dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/power/sleep-display-ac 0"  k
!work su -c "dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/power/sleep-display-battery 0" k


Dell Latitude E7389 Headphones not working

Install and run hdajackretask:

sudo apt install alsa-tools-gui
sudo hdajackretask

Forcibly connect the headphone jack pins:

Under Select a codec choose Realtek ALC3253
Check the Show unconnected pins option
Under Pin configuration iterate each pin:

Click the Override box
Click the drop-down list and choose Dock Headphone if it exists
If Dock Headphone is not in the list then uncheck  Override
On the Dell E7389 you should override pins 0x16, 0x17 and 0x21.
Note the scrollbar to show the bottom of the list may be hard to notice.

Click on Install boot override
Reboot and it should work now


You need to download prebuilt Node Webkit binaries.

Download the zip file from https://github.com/consindo/stormcloud and extract it.

Now open a terminal and enter the following command:

path/to/nw path/to/stormcloud

(You will need to change them according to the file locations.)

You can make a .desktop file to associate Stormcloud with its icon and use the Unity launcher count feature.


While cloning from git i get: perl: warning: Setting locale failed

This should not affect the checkout. It is mainly a warning. I get something similar when logging into a linux PC from my Mac. Annoying, but not harmful.


Déjà Dup over SSH - where to enter my login credentials?

Déjà Dup uses GVFS to access the server, which is the same system that is used when you log into an SSH server with Nautilus’ “Connect to server”. You could try logging into your server using Nautilus and see if it works then.

If you use key-based authentication, you should be asked for your password as soon as Déjà Dup tries to connect to your server.


Corrupted filesystem - unable to mount /home

Advisory note: It would be a very good idea to backup the entire file system before performing any changes or fixes to it. If you don't have enough space for that use e2image(8) as an emergency precaution.

Fixing corrupt superblocks [Edit]

According to your comment you have a corrupt file system superblock. There's an answer on serverfault that deals with this.

Since it's impossible to find the correct block size without a working superblock, I would guess from the volume size of 400 GB that the block size is 4 KiB, which leads to a superblock backup position of 32768. Therefore

e2fsck -b 32768 -p /dev/sda5

and then take it from there depending on the output.

Fighting the repetitive user interaction requests

I pulled the following from the e2fsck(8) manual:

-p     Automatically  repair  ("preen")  the  file system.  This option
       will cause e2fsck to automatically fix any  filesystem  problems
       that  can be safely fixed without human intervention.  If e2fsck
       discovers a problem which may require the  system  administrator
       to  take  additional  corrective  action,  e2fsck  will  print a
       description of the problem  and  then  exit  with  the  value  4
       logically  or'ed  into  the  exit  code.   (See  the  EXIT  CODE
       section.)  This option is normally used  by  the  system's  boot
       scripts.   It may not be specified at the same time as the -n or
       -y options.

-y     Assume  an answer of `yes' to all questions; allows e2fsck to be
       used non-interactively.  This option may not be specified at the
       same time as the -n or -p options.

The -p-option is the safer route in case there are other serious errors, but if that doesn't work, try -y.

clone_file_block error

This appears to be a known bug. You can try your luck with a newer version of the e2fsprogs packages from the pre-release Utopic series through Launchpad or with a live system image.


What happens to your files on Windows after installing ubuntu

It depends on what you do during the partitioning part of the installation.

You can install Ubuntu along side Windows (dual boot) on unallocated space on your sytsem (you might need to create that space with something like Partition Magic). If done correctly this will result in the Windows files staying on your system where you can switch between Windows and Ubuntu.
You can erase all other operating systems and have Ubuntu as the only OS. This will destroy all software on the partitions you choose to use for Ubuntu. Let's say you have a D: disc that is a separate partition. If you do not format this you will end up with a disc inside Ubuntu that you can mount and access those files. Depending on what they are (.doc(x)/.txt) there will be programs they can open and save those (libreoffice, gedit).

Just make a backup, like you intend to, and all should be fine. Have fun!


Why does my radeon driver crash when booting?

So I found a workaround. I disabled the Intel card in the BIOS and installed the latest Catalyst driver directly from AMD.
Not a perfect solution, but X starts up fine and unity works.


Fix it by replacing your broken .bashrc with default .bashrc from /etc/skel directory:

Switch to tty3 by Ctrl+Alt+F3
Log in as root
cp /etc/skel/.bashrc /home/youruser/
chown youruser:youruser /home/youruser/.bashrc


Can I share my external hard drive used for backup with other item?

I don't see why not.  Now keep in mind depending on what backup software you have, and the type of backup that you're using, it may not back up those items that are on the same backup drive.

Also be careful when deleting anything from that drive, so it won't affect the backed up data.  I would recommend that you create a separate partition for normal day-to-day use.


It's possible but you need to hack source code. I tried it to isolate unity dash and embed it into cairo dock.

Grab source code from here

 bzr branch lp:unity/7.3

and follow this guide

http://glx-dock.org/ww_page.php?p=Cairo-Dock%20and%20Unity&lang=en


The setcap on the file stores the capabilities in an extended attribute with a call to setxattr. This extended attribute is stored like other attributes (ownership, rights...) in the filesystem.

  Since kernel 2.6.24, the kernel supports associating capability sets
  with an executable file using setcap(8). The file capability sets are
  stored in an extended attribute (see setxattr(2)) named
  security.capability.

So, you don't have to reset your cap on each reboot.


snap vs apt icons and names - look the same

Use snap list in a terminal to list all the snaps on your system.
In Ubuntu, apps are described in .desktop files
Gnome Shell, Unity, KDE Plasma, etc use those files to obtain application name.
They do so by looking up the Name parameter in .desktop files.
Most .desktop files are located in /usr/share/applications
So to change an application's display name :
Open gedit as root (sudo gedit) and open /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop, so it's sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop
Locate the Name=Firefox Web Browser line and change it to Name=Firefox Snap (or whatever)
Save the file and reload your shell


Will Skype be removed from the Canonical Partner repository?

According what I read, MS will still support Skype for non-Microsoft platforms. Skype not only runs on desktop OSes, but also on mobile OSes such as Android. So it would really be short-sighted of MS to stop supporting it on non-Microsoft platforms.


Why the attack's ip address has a string 'dia'

This ip address, 106.49.174.61, belongs CHINACACHE.

xxx@xxx ~ $ whois 106.49.174.61
% [whois.apnic.net]
% Whois data copyright terms    http://www.apnic.net/db/dbcopyright.html

% Information related to '106.48.0.0 - 106.49.255.255'

inetnum:        106.48.0.0 - 106.49.255.255
netname:        CHINACACHE
descr:          Beijing Blue I.T Technologies Co.,Ltd.
descr:          Galaxy Building,No.10 jiuxianqiao ,chaoyang
descr:          District,beijing
country:        CN
admin-c:        YS1150-AP
tech-c:         DC1032-AP
mnt-by:         MAINT-CNNIC-AP
mnt-lower:      MAINT-CNNIC-AP
mnt-routes:     MAINT-CNNIC-AP
mnt-irt:        IRT-CNNIC-CN
status:         ALLOCATED PORTABLE
changed:        hm-changed@apnic.net 20110322
source:         APNIC

irt:            IRT-CNNIC-CN
address:        Beijing, China
e-mail:         ipas@cnnic.cn
abuse-mailbox:  ipas@cnnic.cn
admin-c:        IP50-AP
tech-c:         IP50-AP
auth:           # Filtered
remarks:        Please note that CNNIC is not an ISP and is not
remarks:        empowered to investigate complaints of network abuse.
remarks:        Please contact the tech-c or admin-c of the network.
mnt-by:         MAINT-CNNIC-AP
changed:        ipas@cnnic.cn 20110428
source:         APNIC

CHINACACHE is ISP and in most cases sufix dia mean Dynamic Ip Address. ISP uses large public ip address pools for users of ISP services [adsl, 3g, wless ... ].

First you must disconnect this ip.

netstat -ntp will give you a PID of process witch you can kill

xxx@xxx ~ $ netstat -ntp
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53118         127.0.0.1:27117         ESTABLISHED -
tcp        0      0 xxx.xxx.xx.x:39049      xx.xxx.xx.xxx:443       ESTABLISHED 13261/chrome
tcp        0      0 xxx.xxx.xx.x:39048      xx.xxx.xx.xxx:443       ESTABLISHED 13261/chrome

For example you can see two process from my pc witch im make chrome

For killing process aka disconnecting you can use

sudo kill -9 PID

Now you must prevent unwelcome connection to you pc. Start firewall.

sudo ufw start

When start firewall all connection to pc will be prohibited. If you wish to allow access from specific ip on net range you can use this template of command to make you rule.

ufw [--dry-run] [delete] [insert NUM]  allow|deny|reject|limit  [in|out
       on INTERFACE] [log|log-all] [proto protocol] [from ADDRESS [port PORT]]
       [to ADDRESS [port PORT]]

Example

sudo ufw allow proto tcp from xxx.xxx.xx.x port 22 to yyy.yyy.yy.y port 22

This rule allow access from xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx to your pc on address yyy.yyy.yy.y on port 22 witch is for ssh

sudo ufw allow proto tcp from xxx.xxx.xx.0/24 port 80 to xxx.xxx.xx.x port 80

This rule allow subnet xxx.xxx.xx.0 with network mask 255.255.255.0 access to your pc on port 80 aka http traffic


how to make Wine GUI elements look like modern Windows elements

I don't have the EXACT details, but when you do "winecfg" there is an option for "Themes" under one of the tabs.  If you can get yourself to an XP or Win 7 Machine, go into c:/windows/resources (or it might be /system32/resources/) and you will find a msstyles folder or files.  You need to copy those items.  Load up the luna one in XP.  It will then give you options like in XP what colors you want.

Also this helps, but the forums are down, but you can enable font anti aliasing with a script.  Google "antialiasing wine" and you might find it posted somewhere else.


Cannot view default site from local network

You might have modified the virtual hosts incorrectly. You can try removing all files from /etc/apache2/sites-enabled directory, and temporarily create a new file default.conf (Ubuntu 13.10 onwards .conf has to be suffixed in the name) and put the following in there

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost

    DocumentRoot /var/www
    <Directory />
            Options FollowSymLinks
            AllowOverride None
    </Directory>
    <Directory /var/www/>
            Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
            AllowOverride All
            Order allow,deny
            allow from all
    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

Restart apache and then see if it works. If it does, then slowly one by one try implementing the virtual hosts. Use sites-available instead of sites-enabled to keep your configuration as a practice, and enable only the needed ones through a2ensite.


I solved it.
I switched to a different mirror of a different country


install issues with ubuntu 12.04 on emachine

If the problem is occurring while the install is updating files online, then run the install without any internet connection.  It will run and install fine, and you run can the updates later when the system is fully installed and running correctly.  Problems with network connections or other things that may be causing you issues will then be easier to diagnose and fix.


How to read the subtitles in Totem immediately?

I don't know why the subtitles are not reappearing immediately. This delay usually happens when you load a different subtitle while watching. But I would suggest that you get smplayer. It is an awesome player that has superb subtitle support. I also recommend gecko-mediaplayer plugin instead of the totem-mozilla plugin.


monodevelop doesn't find xsp4 web server although it is installed/running

I can answer my own question:

https://launchpad.net/~keks9n/+archive/monodevelop-latest

gives the answer:

  If you want to debug ASP.NET applications make sure that you are using
  your system Mono runtime ( http://i.imgur.com/SO93KJ2.png ). XSP isn't
  included to /opt/ Mono installation because of compatibility issues.

thus, if I build with mono 3.2.1 and then change the runtime back to the mono runtime in /usr (v 2.10.8.1) the page gets openend and xsp4 (/usr/lib/mono/4.0/xsp4.exe) runs!


Not knowing how you installed Gnome, I'm guessing something went wrong there.

Please try installing the ubuntu-gnome-desktop package:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-gnome-desktop

Then reconfigure gdm:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm

It solved a similiar issue in
gdm not working with Ubuntu 15.10


Firefox unmaximizes when I exit fullscreen mode

Its a bug in current (64) version related to CSD support. This will be fixed once you upgrade to 65 or 66 (depends on release schedule).


What Movie catalog software is available?

You can try CeeMedia, they have a .deb package.

Just download it from http://sourceforge.net/projects/ceemedia/files/

There's also Griffith avaiable on the Ubuntu Software Center

GCStar looks pretty good


What exactly is the GNOME Shell, and how does it differ from a desktop environment?

First, read: What is the difference between a desktop environment and a window manager?

In particular:

  A desktop environment gives you an overall user experience. It has the panels, the system menus, the starters, the status applets. It needs a window manager, of course, to manage the windows. It might offer a default file explorer and viewer. To streamline, it might even contain default editor, terminal program, or even e-mailer, all made to look alike and work together.

Or from Wikipedia:

  [A] desktop environment typically consists of several separate components, including a window manager (such as Mutter or KWin), a file manager (such as Files or Dolphin), a set of graphical themes, together with toolkits (such as GTK+ and Qt) and libraries for managing the desktop.

The GNOME desktop environment, then, can be though of as having:

GNOME Shell as the UI for accessing:
Nautilus (Files) for the file manager
Evince for document viewing
GNOME Terminal
Evolution for emails
...

Once that's done:

  What exactly is the GNOME Shell?

GNOME Shell is a combination of window manager, panel and items for that panel (all of which would be separate on something like Xfce) (and the actual desktop, which would traditionally have been handled by the file manager).

  What would the desktop environment be without the GNOME Shell?

Everything else mentioned above.

  What would the GNOME Shell be without a DE?

Mostly useless. You need other things to actually do anything - and GNOME Shell coordinates and handles the access of those things while you're using them.


Stop and start desktop couch with "service"?

Seems what I wanted was /usr/lib/desktopcouch/desktopcouch-service and/or /usr/lib/desktopcouch/desktopcouch-stop


I managed to solve my issue by using workaround described here:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xserver-xorg-video-intel/+bug/1510970

to disable SNA.

I created /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf file with the following content:

Section "Device"
 Identifier "Card0"
 Driver "Intel"
 Option "AccelMethod" "uxa"
EndSection


disc size: df -h and disc usage du -h (there are many other options)


Apart from using nautilus you can simply delete the folder directly from the command line.

if for example the folder your trying to delete is /usr/bin/adobe then you would need to type:

sudo rm -rf /usr/bin/adobe

Obviously, make sure you typed in the correct folder before executing the command.


Problem in giving entering input while running lex programs

By enter input you mean you run flex in a terminal and then write the lexing rules by hand in the terminal?

In this case, you indicate the end of the input with an EOF (end of file) character, which is generated by typing Ctrl-d. This also applies to any other terminal utilities that read input from stdin.

Minimal example:

user@host:~ flex
%%

...add end of file with ctrl-d and the output is written to lex.yy.c in the same directory.


Why shouldn't we use self-signed SSL certificates in production?

Certificates are a means of establishing trust.  There are a number of certificate signing authorities which are trusted by browsers and other tools which use SSL/TLS certificates.  When the make an encrypted connection they verify that the provide certificate was signed by a trusted certificate.

A self-signed certificate is not signed by a trusted signer and will be untrusted.  Many tools will ask if you want to accept the certificate anyway.  Teaching people to accept such certificates, leaves them open to man in the middle attacks.

If you don't want to get a certificate from a trusted certificate authority, you can create your own certificate authority (CA).  However, you will need to distribute you public CA certificate to your clients and get them to install it in the appropriate trust store(s).

There are cases, such as VPNs, where you may want to have your own CA.  Services like IMAP, POP, and HTTP are rarely such cases.


Keyboard and mouse stop working at login/recovery mode of new 14.04 install

Incase anyone is having the same issue, this is how I fixed it. (Note. These instructions work where the /, and /home were originally placed on separate partitions)

1.) Reinstall 14.04 from live CD and choose "something else" as type of install

2.) Without changing the size, set your / partition by formatting, selecting as Ext 4 and putting / as mount point.

3.) Do NOT format the partiton where /home is. Just select as Ext 4 and put /home as mount point, do NOT change the size. (This is important as if you format it you will loose all your files which you're trying to preserve)

4.) Use the same username and password as before to get back to your files.


As a temporary workaround I have switched to using a VGA cable for my connection and the problem is resolved.


Can I collapse the "Shortcuts" area in the Dash?

This is a regression from 11.04, I hope to see it fixed in 12.04:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/unity/+bug/849334
How do I subscribe to a bug?


Should I use "sudo" before "make install"?

In your case you don't need to do a sudo make install as you will install the library in your $HOME. You have configured the build to use a prefix and bindir to install it in your $HOME.

To make the package avaiable to other programs it would be better to choose directories outside of your $HOME. Then you will need to do the make install using sudo.


Aptana Studio 3 does not start up due to "Syntax error: "(" unexpected Aptana"

I had the same issue, but I solved it. I wasn't able to get Aptana Studio to open on Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS (nor on Linux Mint 14).

I had followed the same instructions you did. I switched from OpenJDK 7 to Oracle Java 7 though still to no avail.

It turns out this was the issue. This is problem the problem you're expeirencing as well.
https://stackoverflow.com/a/13931352

  It appears that there is a mix up in the downloads. 32-bit and 64-bit got switched. If you are on 32-bit download 64-bit and vice versa. Hopefully it will be fixed soon.

Once I got the right download, it has worked splendidly. When downloading, click "Customize My Download."


Munin is available in the repositories and can be installed through software center.

The Munin-node daemon must be running on the computers that you want to monitor.  Munin master is five other programs for gathering an displaying data depending on what you want.  Type:

man munin

for more information on these master programs and information on how to get to the man pages for each.

If you're still at a loss you should probably use the Manin FAQ, wiki, and how-to pages first:

Munin - how to get help

Wikipedia information

Munin home page


You can set an environment variable with a command like:

export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=application.settings

Assuming that application.settings is in Python's path, you should then be able to run django-admin using those settings.  Alternatively, you can pass a settings module to django-admin on the command line:

django-admin --settings=application.settings ...


How Do I Install Quick 'n Easy Web Builder 2

Quick 'n Easy Web Builder 2 can be easily installed using a terminal.

First open a terminal
Then type (or copy & Paste) the following command and press enter

sudo apt-get install quick-n-easy-web-builder-2
Enter your password when asked.
Once installed you can find Quick 'n Easy Web Builder 2 in the applications menu
(or by using the dash on Ubuntu).

By default this installs the 30 day trial version, but you have the option to enter your Licence key each time you start the application.

You can find your License Key at the bottom of the email confirming your purchase from Ubuntu Software Centre.


You cannot directly upgrade from 11.10 to 13.10. Using the Live DVD you can only do a fresh install of 13.10 (Back up suggested). If you really want an upgrade instead of a fresh install then you have to upgrade to 12.04->12.10->13.04->13.10 For more information visit https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes


Remove the blank space in vi editor created by "set nu" option

From the help on nu (:h 'number')

                                'number' 'nu' 'nonumber' 'nonu'
'number' 'nu'           boolean (default off)
                            local to window
        Print the line number in front of each line.  When the 'n' option is
        excluded from 'cpoptions' a wrapped line will not use the column of
        line numbers (this is the default when 'compatible' isn't set).
        The 'numberwidth' option can be used to set the room used for the line
        number.

And in turn, from :h 'numberwidth':

'numberwidth' 'nuw'     number  (Vim default: 4  Vi default: 8)
                        local to window
                        {not in Vi}
                        {only available when compiled with the +linebreak
                        feature}
        Minimal number of columns to use for the line number.  Only relevant
        when the 'number' or 'relativenumber' option is set or printing lines
        with a line number. Since one space is always between the number and
        the text, there is one less character for the number itself.
        The value is the minimum width.  A bigger width is used when needed to
        fit the highest line number in the buffer respectively the number of
        rows in the window, depending on whether 'number' or 'relativenumber'
        is set. Thus with the Vim default of 4 there is room for a line number
        up to 999. When the buffer has 1000 lines five columns will be used.
        The minimum value is 1, the maximum value is 10.
        NOTE: 'numberwidth' is reset to 8 when 'compatible' is set.

That is, the default width is 4, but 8 when in compatible mode. vi in default Ubuntu is vim.tiny, which doesn't support nocompatible, so the width became 8. You need to install vim to get the normal behaviour.

That said, if you do wish to set a different minimum width, say 2, just do:

set nuw=2


OK, so what you need to do at an absolute minimum is to add more RAM.  Games work best when they have someplace to live while they're running, and the swop space on the hard drive is a few magnitudes too slow.

I'd go out and buy 16GB of RAM, and throw it in there.  That would solve that problem.

If you don't want to just upgrade RAM, you could disable other memory intensive processes, like the GUI if you have it.  Also, the MySQL server could be taking up a good bit of memory.


The Download folder by default stores all of your downloads from your web browser. If you download an app through there then it should show up, unless you defined another folder (In Firefox it's in Preferences > General).

If you installed the apps with either apt-get or the Ubuntu Software Center then the apps will be installed to their proper places directly.


You can use an infinite loop in bash:

while true ; do
    # Your code here.
    sleep 30;
done

You can also schedule a periodic run of the checking program by cron.


Ati HD 6400M /Intel HD300 Ubuntu 12.04 OpenGl Problem

I had same problem.
It was enough to edit /etc/X11/Xsession.d/10fglrx

gksu gedit /etc/X11/Xsession.d/10fglrx

If you're using a 32bits system add at the end of 4th line this text : "/usr/lib32/dri/" without the quotes. The file should now look like this :

    LIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH=/usr/lib/fglrx/dri
if [ `uname -m` = 'x86_64' ]; then
if [ -d /usr/lib32/fglrx/dri ]; then
LIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH=${LIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH}:/usr/lib32/fglrx/dri:/usr/lib32/dri
if [ ! -z $LD_LIBRARY_PATH ]; then
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:
fi
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}/usr/lib32
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
fi
fi
export LIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH

If you're using a 64bits system add at the end of 4th line this text : "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/" without the quotes. The file should now look like this :

LIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH=/usr/lib/fglrx/dri
if [ `uname -m` = 'x86_64' ]; then
if [ -d /usr/lib32/fglrx/dri ]; then
LIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH=${LIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH}:/usr/lib32/fglrx/dri:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri
if [ ! -z $LD_LIBRARY_PATH ]; then
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:
fi
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}/usr/lib32
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
fi
fi
export LIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH

Now save the file.

Reboot your computer to see the changes, it should boot up with the discrete card.
Solution from ubuntuforums.org Look at STEP 2


Because 'emacs --daemon' detaches from the foreground, you need to let upstart know to expect this; otherwise when the parent emacs process exits, it assumes the service has terminated, leaving the service in a stopped state even though emacs is still running.

To let upstart know which process it needs to track (and kill when stopping the service), you will want to add 'expect fork' to the job definition.


How to disable Alt+left click window dragging in Ubuntu 16.04

I found the answer to my question on XFCE forums by vineel567:

  Type xfce4-settings-manager in terminal and then click 'settings
  editor'. Then to the left click xfwm4 channel then in the right pane
  change the value of easy_click from <alt> to 'nothing'.

It of course works. Sorry for being stupid and not checking what DE I have before trying to change its settings.


How do I stop the screen from being locked on resume on Kubuntu/KDE?

To make it so that it does not lock on resume do the following: Power management → Advanced settings  and uncheck "Lock screen on resume"

Note for 15.04: This has moved to Desktop Behaviour → Screen Locking.


How to enable Tracker (Ubuntu search file indexing) in Git repo's on the hard drive? [U17.10]

So the only way to do this currently (that I found) is apparently the dconf-editor. The key entry to be changed is: /org.freedesktop.Tracker.Miner.Files ignored-directories-with-content.

I changed it's value from ['.trackerignore', '.git'] to ['.trackerignore'].


Since 12.04 is LTS. I'd suggest 12.04, if you're not willing to upgrade. 12.10(And 13.04 soon), I'd suggest those two if you'd want a more "fancy" feature-updated machine.

New features in 12.10 is listed here: http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/whats-new - And if you can go without those, I'd install 12.04.


Actually, it seems to be a commercial decision.

See: https://help.backblaze.com/entries/20203476-Is-Backblaze-going-to-offer-Linux-support-


Miracast with Miraclecast with Ubuntu 17.04

Try running the command from the src folder.

Once you build miraclecast using make, the executables will be generated in the corresponding directories, then copied to system directories when you run make install

so try this:

cd /<miraclecast_directory>/src/wifi/
sudo ./miracle-wifid --log-level 7 &

--log-level 7 will enable trace level logs


Printer driver for Konical Minolta Magicolor 1600W?

We found the driver which works on all our printers. The driver is ljet4 , just found some similar model of printer with ljet4 sufix on name and it will work. I wrote more on my blog : http://linuxibos.blogspot.com/2013/01/driver-that-works-on-allmost-all.html

We tried on KONICA MINOLTA 24f and c353 and man from KONICA MINOLTA told as that every printer he tried works with those drivers.. so your printer should work also.


Ok I believe to have found the solution. I did delete my .wine folder and regenerated it by launching wine config but I think what solved it was rebooting my computer. I tried running the command wineboot but that didn't suffice for some reason, maybe that command would require a parameter to work.

What I know won't work is trying to install OSS from Synaptic. Having OSS packages installed will disable sound in Ubuntu.


How to startup a bash in terminal emulator?

What you want is a script that opens and runs in a terminal emulator.
Here is a guide on how to run the script in a terminal by Lekensteyn
Make another script like this that calls your script in a terminal and add it to startup.
x-terminal-emulator -e /home/user/hacky your-old-script optional arguments here


FTP connection problems in Nautilus - seems to time out after a while

You could probably extend the timeout in your system. Open the gconf-editor using sudo gconf-editor and navigate to desktop -> gnome -> session. There you find a key idle_delay. You can change that value by double-clicking on it. Depending from how long you are typically inactive you change it. So if you usually don't have FTP activity for half an hour set it to a value larger than 30.

There is also an entry in Ubuntus bug tracker and in GNOME bug tracker. GNOME seems to work on a fix.


Ubuntu WiFi internet connection lost after connecting to raspberry Zero by USB port

it is working by running the :

sudo nm-connection-editor
and change the Ethernet of that usb connection to the correct IP Address, which is here 192.168.7.1 but it could be settled to others by your setting of /etc/network/interfaces file at raspberry SD card. and selecting the method to :

share to other computers
like this:

also select the current device like this:

also you need to run this command because if don't of that you only have connection to the modem IP (192.168.1.1) and i don't know why this problem exist and why only can connect to local IP and not internet ( cold you say why?!!)

sudo dhclient  -r wlp2s0 #enp1s0
sudo dhclient wlp2s0 #enp1s0

Thanks.


I would like to batch re-size images in a terminal

If you don't need recursion, you can use Imagemagick's batch tool, mogrify. This takes most of the same arguments. To scale the longest size down to 300px, we can offer -resize "300x300>". For safety's sake I've also got this saving the new images into a subdirectory rather than overwriting.

# assuming you're in the directory of images
mkdir resized
mogrify -resize "300x300>" -path resized *.jpg


Desktop icons getting realigned and overlapped

As far as I can tell this is a bug #40872 as reported on Launchpad quite some time ago.

If you believe this is not a duplicate of that bug you should file another one.


software-center update-manager both get segmentation fault

According to this thread on the Ubuntu Forums (for which the solution was originally found on this thread):

  Question:

  When I click System > Administration > Update Manager it comes up (grayed out) and the small "Starting Update Manager" window comes up but when the bar is half filled it disappears.

  Answer:

  According to a forum thread from the archive, http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=19563, you should be able to fix the problem by issuing the following command from a terminal:

sudo rm /var/cache/apt/*.bin


What is this mono process running at startup?

As pointed out in the answer by Thomas, it's easy enough to stop or disable this server, but you may want to consider whether you actually might want it running before you do.  I found this question while researching this exact same concern on my own Kubuntu 18.04 LTS machine, and this helped me dig deeper into what it actually was.  Turns out it's used to serve monodoc-http, as I was able to determine by exploring the content of files found in /etc/xsp4 and /usr/share/monodoc/web.
If you installed MonoDevelop or MonoDoc or anything related to developing code in Mono, then that's where it came from.  If you did that on purpose because you're learning or coding in Mono, then you may actually want that service running.  If you have no use for MonoDoc services, you can easily disable them on flavors of Ubuntu (and other distros which use systemd) using systemctl.

sudo systemctl stop mono-xsp4.service will stop the service(but won't disable it, so it will run again after next reboot).
sudo systemctl disable mono-xsp4.service will disable the service(but will not stop it if it is running currently).

You'll need to run both commands if you wish to actually stop the service now, and disable the service so that it's not running after the next reboot.  If you know for certain that you have no use at all for MonoDoc and related services, you can also search for them in your package manager and uninstall them entirely.


Does anyone create some personalized Ubuntu WebApps Userscript following the walkthrough posted on the Bazaar directory of the project?

Check this. The userscripts are in src/.


Caprine (messenger client) fails to start

This is a bug:
https://github.com/sindresorhus/caprine/issues/1062

You could manually install version 2.36.0, which is not affected by this problem:
https://github.com/sindresorhus/caprine/releases/tag/v2.36.0

Or use snap revert if you updated from a previous version.


Lenovo Legion PXI-E61 Media Test Failure, Check Cable. Exiting PXE ROM. Then restarts and works fine

re: "PXE-E61: Media Test Failure, check cable. PXE-M0F: Exiting PXE ROM."

The Preboot Execution Environment (PXE) is an industry standard client/server interface that allows networked computers that are not yet loaded with an operating system to be configured and booted remotely by an administrator.

This means that your BIOS boot order is incorrect. If you look at the current boot order setting, you'll find that PXE boot comes before CD/DVD and HDD/SSD.

Your boot order should look something like:

CD/DVD
HDD/SSD
USB
PXE

Update #1:

Your boot mode/priority AND your SATA controller should NOT be set to legacy. Secure Boot and Fast Boot should be disabled.

Update #2:

Check your BIOS version, and update if required. Boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB. Open terminal. Type sudo dmidecode -s bios-version. Then go to the manufacturer's web site and check for a BIOS update.

To update your BIOS, and since Windows is no longer installed, see https://forums.lenovo.com/t5/Gaming-Laptops/Legion-Y530-15ICH-Laptop-Bios-Update-with-Linux/td-p/4342841

Update #3:

To properly install Ubuntu on this laptop, see https://forums.lenovo.com/t5/Gaming-Laptops-Knowledge-Base/Installing-Ubuntu-18-xx-on-the-Legion-Y530/ta-p/4187251

Partial clip...

Step 11: Select "try ubuntu without installing" or equivalent option

Step 12: Once on the desktop has booted, open a terminal and run sudo rmmod ideapad_laptop to allow wifi to work then follow the ubuntu steps for installing the OS

Step 13: Follow the instructions for rebooting after the install has completed. after the legion screen, but before the boot screen, press escape to get to the grub selection menu.

Step 14: press e on the option for your OS, and edit the "quiet splash" line to "quiet splash nouveau.modeset=0"  once the nvidia drivers are installed, this won't be needed

Step 15: Press F10 to boot the OS, once you are at the desktop, open the terminal and run sudo rmmod ideapad_laptop

Step 16: without closing the terminal Perform a system update (e.g sudo apt-update && sudo apt dist-upgrade for ubuntu)

Step 17: run the command sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

Step 18: add blacklist ideapad_laptop to the end of the file, this will get wifi working permanently


You said you can connect i.e. from a phone. Well it says connected...ok. Does the VPN Server side knows what to do with your traffic?
Same goes for your Linux machine.
Its connected meaning you got authenticated. Does the server knows what to do with your network traffic?

Here's an example...

000 #1287: "ciscoxxxxx" STATE_QUICK_I2 (sent QI2, IPsec SA established); EVENT_SA_REPLACE in 1845s; newest IPSEC; eroute owner
000 #1287: "ciscoxxxxx" esp.yyyyy@xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (0 bytes) esp.yyyyy@xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (0 bytes); tunnel
000 #1286: "ciscoxxxx2" STATE_QUICK_I2 (sent QI2, IPsec SA established); EVENT_SA_REPLACE in 1503s; newest IPSEC; eroute owner
000 #1286: "ciscoxxxx2" esp.yyyyy@xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (3496 bytes, 35s ago) esp.cyyyyd@xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (0 bytes); tunnel
000 #1281: "ciscoxxxx2" STATE_MAIN_I4 (ISAKMP SA established); EVENT_SA_REPLACE in 78757s; newest ISAKMP
From the above we can see my VPN Server has established connections.

root#iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     all  --  x.x.x.x(an ip here)  xxx.xxx.xxx.0/24      policy match dir in pol ipsec reqid 16392 proto esp
ACCEPT     all  --  xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx      xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx       policy match dir out pol ipsec reqid 16392 proto esp
the above is rules to my VPN Server tell him what to do with the traffic received from which source and where to route it.
so ...on and on and on depending on your rules/needs.

ofc its not the same software maybe but the set up its pretty much the same


NVidia GForce have limited support on most Operating Systems.

One way you can do is Sign in, Sign out, Then use Classic gnome and it will most likely work.

Another way is that you can re-install Ubuntu with a LiveCD .iso or on Windows with the Ubuntu Installer called Wubi.exe.

There are other ways but I personally do not know them, I hope this can atleast give you a start of what to look for.


How do I convert music between formats and keep its metadata?

I tested soundconverter 1.4.4-2 using maverick and a sample Apple lossless in the .m4a container from here: http://samples.mplayerhq.hu/A-codecs/lossless/, the metadata is preserved after conversion to .mp3, I verified this with the Banshee media player,Totem and Rhythmbox, I even made copies of the file and tried a batch conversion and all files converted to .mp3 has the original metadata, I converted a .flac lossless to .mp4 also and again the metadata in the .flac was carried over to the .mp4 file, even the cover art from the flac file was there, I then converted the .mp4 audio file to .mp3 and the metadata was still there, I also used Easytag-aac to embed a cover art in the .m4a file and after conversion I was able to see the cover art in the .mp3 file when playing with Banshee.

From my experience here I would say that the loss of metadata after conversion with soundconverter should not be the expected outcome. Even this dated thread http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=138419&page=3 from the Ubuntu forum shows that soundconverter is supposed to retain the tags in the output format.


I had the same problem and was also stumped by my USBs not appearing in /proc/acpi/wakeup. In the end, however, despite many solutions suggesting this was required I did not need to enable USBs in ACPI.

Instead, enabling wakeup on the USB port my IR device was connected to was was enough.

Find your device ID:

$ lsusb

  Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:8001 Intel Corp.
  Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
  Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:8009 Intel Corp.
  Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
  Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
  Bus 003 Device 003: ID 13ba:0018 PCPlay Barcode PCP-BCG4209
  Bus 003 Device 002: ID 1934:5168 Feature Integration Technology Inc. (Fintek) F71610A or F71612A Consumer Infrared Receiver/Transceiver
  Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

In the above example my device ID is 5168.

Grep /sys/bus/usb to find the port your device is plugged into:

$ grep 5168 /sys/bus/usb/devices/*/idProduct

  /sys/bus/usb/devices/3-13/idProduct:5168

This indicates my device is plugged into bus3, port 13.

Confirm the port is correct:

$lsusb -t

  /:  Bus 04.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/6p, 5000M
  /:  Bus 03.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/14p, 480M
     |__ Port 13: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Vendor Specific Class, Driver=mceusb, 12M
     |__ Port 14: Dev 3, If 0, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 1.5M
     |__ Port 14: Dev 3, If 1, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 1.5M
  /:  Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=ehci-pci/2p, 480M
      |__ Port 1: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/8p, 480M
  /:  Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=ehci-pci/2p, 480M
     |__ Port 1: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/6p, 480M

Bus 3, port 13 matches the bus/port returned by grep (3-13)

Check if wakeup is enabled:

$ cat /sys/bus/usb/devices/3-13/power/wakeup

  disabled

Enable wakeup on port:

$ sudo sh -c 'echo "enabled" > /sys/bus/usb/devices/3-13/power/wakeup'

Check if wakeup enabled:

$ cat /sys/bus/usb/devices/3-13/power/wakeup

  enabled

Test your device, does it wake the system?

Make this change persistent across reboots:

$ sudo nano /etc/rc.local

Add the following lines after the comments and before 'exit 0'

# Enable Wake on IR for USB bus 3 port 13.
echo enabled > /sys/bus/usb/devices/3-13/power/wakeup

Now happily wake your PC from your USB device.

Limitations
One problem with this approach is that if the USB port the IR device is plugged into changes, then enabling that port specifically does not help.

This post has a way of enabling any IR port based on the device that is plugged into it using a Udev rule.

References
Kodi, MCE Remote and Ubuntu
Wake from suspend with keyboard or mouse
Enabling IR devices with a Udev rule


How can I install the non-CD size 12.04 on a computer that can't boot from USB & can't read DVD-Rs?

If this question was asked due to the initial reports that 12.04 will not fit on a CD-image, Canonical have now confirmed that 12.04 will fact will fit on a CD-image

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu-cdimage/+bug/950089

  Ubuntu 12.04 will still fit on CDs.

  The only tweak that was done was on the exact size of what a CD is,
  where the old check was for 700MB and the new one is for 703MB as we
  found most (if not all) current burning tools and drives accept this.

Another alternative would be to install from the minimal CD - you'll need to use a wired internet connection since the whole installation is made from the internet.

You will be presented with a number of "TUIs" - a text gui prompting you for various bits of information.  The important TUI is the desktop you want.


How can I redirect SSH users to another SSH login?

Consider using a ForceCommand directive in sshd_config. For example, I use these to force groups of users to a set of servers:

Match Group group1
       ForceCommand ssh -t group1.fqdn

Match Group="*,!local,!group2,!root"
       ForceCommand ssh -t group3.fqdn

You could use:

Match User foo
    ForceCommand ssh -t target-host


Using Genius MousePen i608 with multiple screens

That's actually exactly the reason I created my xrestrict utility. Here is its github page. Look at the Building section to see how to build it, I'd also be happy to walk you through setup and basic usage if you're not familiar with building software from source on Ubuntu. I also wrote a blog post describing the utility in a bit more detail, and illustrating what it does. In short, once you build it, just run xrestrict -I and click on the monitor you want to use using your tablet stylus.


Systemd+ uses 95% of the CPU in a Ubuntu 20.04 focal fossa installation

Resolved. I installed a new hard disk, began by installing 16.04, first with an attempt to experiment and understand hard disk encryption, with encryption 16.04 installed fine, but update to 18.04 showed lvm errors, did not proceed smoothly, deleted the crypt partition, re-formatted the entire hard disk, proceeded to reinstall 16.04 without encryption, update to 18.04 was smooth, and as a solution to the display issue, followed a post and installed xfce4 which resolved almost all of the hardware issues that I posted in this and other threads, same old hardware, same samsung 2030 monitor, same nvidia graphics. Then proceeded to update to 19.10, then to 20.4 all by update-manager. With xfce4 there was no need to attempt any fix, such as install an old nvidia driver, or to blacklist noveau, or even a nomodeset, there were no plymouth errors, Top, with no application running showed less than 5% CPU usage, display works at 1600x900 on its own, no boot issues. Then I purged unity (might be unnecessary, but ubuntu's login screen was pixelated before I struggled a bit with the invisible cursor to type my password for a clean xfce environment), installed xubuntu desktop, purged mate, (mate loaded with a corrupt display).
20.04 with XFCE4, XUBUNTU desktop works splendidly with the same 10 year old hardware with limited resources, without any fixes.
Top screenshot of 20.04 xubuntu desktop with 10 year old hardware
Saying this,
(1) in a manner of withdrawing the few posts, that might have given a few readers the impression that 20.04 has some issues. The issues on the older disk probably had to do with the sequence that I followed in upgrading from the unsupported 10.04 installation, by a complex process of installing drivers, enabling third party repositories, and trying any fix found in the forum such as grub edit, blacklist...

This might be helpful to some who reported display issues, plymouth issues on 20.04, the solution could be found in choosing a desktop such as xubuntu or LXDE.

samsung 2030 in 20.04 nvidia graphics, no settings, no driver fixes

In trying to find bug fixes for plymouth or or for some versions of nvidia, the developers may find it useful to focus on the reasons why some display manager work and others don't.

The decision to move away from multiple O/S installations in the same hard disk was based on the advice of a friend who said "it is not good to have more than one O/S in a hard disk)
Some finer problems remain, such as a bug with Thunar, removed thunar, reinstalled nautilus a moment ago, will see if it fixes the issue. Another minor issue is that after long inactivity, the wake up log-in screen gets into a login loop.)
Thank you.
(Edited the question and posted this solution as an answer as suggested by Pilot6. Thank you.)


How to add element to the gsettings array at the specific location (given by index)?

The following python3 script will insert new element(s) at a given index:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import argparse
import subprocess

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("schema", help="gsettings shema", metavar="SCHEMA")
parser.add_argument("key", help="gsettings key", metavar="KEY")
parser.add_argument("index",
                    help="KEY array index where VALUE(s) need to be inserted",
                    metavar="INDEX", type=int)
parser.add_argument("value",
                    help="gsettings VALUE(s) to add to the KEY array",
                    metavar="VALUE", nargs='*')

args = parser.parse_args()

array = eval(subprocess.check_output(["gsettings", "get", args.schema, args.key]))
for v in sorted(args.value, reverse=True):
    try:
        value = eval(v)
    except NameError:
        value = v
    array.insert(args.index, value)
subprocess.call(["gsettings", "set", args.schema, args.key, str(array)])


Removing / Editing Desktop Right Click Actions 16.04

The only way to suppress it would be take a copy of the source code, remove the line(s)

if (FM_IS_DESKTOP_ICON_VIEW (view))
{
    gtk_action_set_label (action, _("_Organize Desktop by Name"));
}

and re-compile/install your own copy of Caja

Although, another perspective -- there should be space around the separator (dark line) in the theme, which would add padding around "Open in Terminal" amongst other options, but it will only be available in the 19.10.

To use the updated Ambiant-MATE theme, get a copy of the latest ubuntu-mate-artwork repository and copy the contents of usr/share/themes/ to ~/.local/share/themes (it's a hidden folder in your home directory, press CTRL+H to toggle them). That separator should help when you next miss by a few pixels


Where I can check the roadmap/vision development for any Ubuntu application?

For the general Ubuntu development you may want to check the Work Items Tracker. The amount included in this site is overwhelming since it covers all milestones on all aspects of Ubuntu.

The about page covers relatively what the site is: every aspect of development and bug targets of the meeting held by the different organs of Ubuntu, like Ubuntu Developer Submit, the MOTU meetings, and any other teams are captured, analyzed and tracked here.

Your specific concern is somewhere, about here. If it not, then you should try to bring the community attention to that.


Save kernel on Acer Aspire One270 with Ubuntu 12.10 - Booting Issues

This is caused by this bug. The bug has been fixed, but in order to apply the fix to the bug you will have to successfully boot first. In order to do so, you need to blacklist the gma500_gfx module when you boot to install the updates.

In GRUB, add the kernel parameter gma500_gfx.blacklist=yes as a boot parameter, as per https://askubuntu.com/a/204261/12188 . Then install the updates, reboot and you should be fine.


Should I update my kernel and if so how?

You should keep your computer updated, that would take care of everything. I would not recommend manually updating the kernel yourself (i.e., without Update Manager or some other package management utility).


Slow boot after changing some hardware components

The problem was with the second disc (SDB). When I changed SATA port the problem disappeared.

Feb 17 13:50:42 mkskomp systemd[1]: Startup finished in 4.111s (kernel) + 14.636s (userspace) = 18.748s.


Sabertooth 990fx audio drivers (Kubuntu)

http://www.linux-hardware-guide.com/2012-10-23-asus-sabertooth-990fx says that sabertooth-990fx is fully supported by linux. Your problem seems to be configuration related one. Try selecting each one of the audio output options and restarting. Make sure that your speaker plugged into the right jack.

PS : It will be more helpful if you provide the output of aplay -l, cat /etc/asound.conf and cat ~/.asoundrc


What version of Ubuntu supports installing alongside Windows 8?

I have tried Ubuntu 13.04 dual boot with Windows 8 as a live USB system. Although it worked once out of ten times, it worked. But, the wifi driver was "disabled by a hardware switch" (WIERD).

I recently install Kubuntu 12,04 and it was perfect. I don't know whether you like the KDE version of Ubuntu, but everything worked and still works (wifi, screensaver, software center, sudo (terminal), applications in general. I hope it helps.

Regards,

The Drummer from Kubuntu


What has changed in unicode font rendering since 11.04?

The right double parenthesis character (U+2E29) in your example appears in a few fonts only, according to a usually reliable (thought not quite complete) source: http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/2e29/fontsupport.htm

So the 12.04 rendering is what I would expect: it looks like a “missing glyph” indicator constructed by a browser. Presumably it was previously rendered using one of the rare fonts containing the character, a font that was somehow lost (e.g., moved somewhere where Firefox cannot find it). But Arial surely does not contain this character (which was introduced in Unicode 5.1, and Arial is much older).


X Display not usabled after installation on PC

It is possible to reduce the screen resolution that is chosen by the X11 server. This can be done by adding a file to

  /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-monitor.conf

Section "Monitor"
  Identifier "Monitor"
EndSection

Section "Device"
  Identifier "Device0"
  Driver "nouveau"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
  Identifier "Screen0"
  Device "Device0"
  Monitor "Monitor0"
  DefaultDepth 24
  SubSection "Display"
    Depth 24
    Modes "1024x768"
  EndSubSection
EndSection

With this configuration I could start Display Preferences and configure different screen resolutions. The "best" resolution still leads to sync problems, but the OS is partially usable.


Found a solution on
GitLab from @StephGbzh that just worked for me using 20.04. It is most likely an expired CA certificate:

check that you target the right expired certificate

openssl x509 -issuer -enddate -noout -in /usr/share/ca-certificates/mozilla/AddTrust_External_Root.crt

which will produce the following:

issuer=C = SE, O = AddTrust AB, OU = AddTrust External TTP Network, CN = AddTrust External CA Root
notAfter=May 30 10:48:38 2020 GMT

backup

cp /usr/share/ca-certificates/mozilla/AddTrust_External_Root.crt ~

delete

sudo rm /usr/share/ca-certificates/mozilla/AddTrust_External_Root.crt

update the system

sudo update-ca-certificates

restart gnome shell: AltF2, r, Enter


By default in Ubuntu you don't have many partition but one single partition which you see as computer to get different partition you have to manually configure during installation or using live bootable Linux .


No sound card available on audio mixer but detected

Try forcing Pulse to use the 'unplugged' interface.
under /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/ there are a bunch of config files pick the right one, which I suspect will be analog-output-speaker-always.conf

and change state.unplugged and state.plugged for the correct interface appropriately - pulse should then just use it. Not sure exactly how to find which one is correct but shouldn't be too many options


Modify gnome-flashback panels in ubuntu 20.04 LTS from the terminal

Why don't you just right-click on the panels while holding down Super+Alt.....?

:)

More specifically:

Super+Alt+right click on bottom panel --> remove panel.
and 3. Super+Alt+right click on upper panel --> add to panel --> select Trash and (I believe) Windows List or Window Switcher applet, it should be one of those two.

If youve chosen the wrong one --> Super+Alt-right click on applet icon --> delete applet.

To move an applet icon, Super+Alt+right click --> change position.

HTH :)


How to edit the text of the Grub menu's options?

Before doing anything, make a backup copy of the file you are going to edit, just in case.

There is a grub.cfg file located in /boot/grub/.

The grub menu entries are listed there. Each entry starts with menuentry word, which is followed by the entry text in single or double quotation marks.

Everything that is inside the single quotes is the text that is displayed for that entry.

You also might want to take a look at this thread on ubuntuforums.


Keyboard play/stop/next/prev buttons does not work with Spotify

I did the following using this guide: http://www.mabishu.com/blog/2010/11/15/playing-with-d-bus-interface-of-spotify-for-linux/

You will need to install mdbus2:

sudo apt-get install mdbus2

Now you can try out to play/pause:

dbus-send --print-reply --dest=org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.spotify /org/mpris/MediaPlayer2 org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.Player.PlayPause

To bind this to a key you need for example AutoKey.

sudo apt-get install autokey-gtk

Create a new script and use this code:

system.exec_command("dbus-send --print-reply --dest=org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.spotify /org/mpris/MediaPlayer2 org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.Player.PlayPause", getOutput=False)

and bind it to whatever key you want to use.

Of course you can use the same method to create hotkeys for next and previous :)

This command will show you which methods that is available:

mdbus2 org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.spotify /org/mpris/MediaPlayer2

Though, I don't know what will happen if you use both banshee and spotify with the same hotkey!


VirtualBox not allowing a USB Device to be added

You need to install virtualbox guestadditions in virtualbox. You can download the ISO from here (select appropriate version of virtualbox, and download the guest additions ISO).

Install the guest additions in virtualbox VM.

Then refer this question, to add yourself to vboxusers group.

This should solve the problem.


Problem solved. I don't know why my default display manager is gdm. Can switch between users now after changing to lightdm.


AMD (Radeon HD 7670M) gaming on Ubuntu 16.04 (fglrx)

This may not work, so just bear that in mind.

You can try downgrading xorg on 16.04 to version 1.16, which works with fglrx. I know this procedure works on 14.04.5, which got the 16.04 xorg version and kernel, but I have not tested or gotten any confirmation that it works on 16.04 as well.

To install xorg 1.16:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-lts-utopic libqt5gui5 libgles1-mesa-lts-utopic libgles2-mesa-lts-utopic libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-utopic libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-utopic:i386 libglapi-mesa-lts-utopic:i386 libegl1-mesa-drivers-lts-utopic

You may have to uninstall the current version of xorg:

sudo apt-get remove xserver-xorg

but chances are it will be removed during the installation of 1.16.

Remember, I haven't tested this. I have gotten confirmation that it works on 14.04.5, but no one I know has tried it on 16.04 yet. It would be great if you are willing to test this. If you don't feel safe doing it, I will be happy to test in a virtual machine. (The fix if it doesn't work should be relatively easy: just reinstall xserver-xorg and the old version should be removed.)


Need to calibrate my CanoScan N670U but can't get color profile

you'll get a bunch of error messages about there being no profile, just hit each "X" til they stop. Then do a scan and in the preview window's top bar, go into the colour management and turn off the enable colour management. It should work after that, even in colour.

I'm looking for a profile file too, I'll post back if I find one.


You can upgrade from 12.04 LTS to 14.04 LTS. Open Software Updater and let it check for all updates. When it is done, it should inform you that there is a new version of Ubuntu available, and give you an option to upgrade.

If not, check the Software & Updates under the Updates tab there is a dropdown list at the bottom for Notify Me Of New Ubuntu Versions; select Long Term Support versions and then exit the window. Restart Software Updater let it run again. You should now be informed of a new version which you may upgrade to.


create shared folder that works on linux device?

This sounds like a wonderful use case for samba! Here's an official turorial from the Ubuntu site. Additionally, this forum post may be helpful(I'm not too sure what LMS is myself, but from your description, it seems to stand for logitech media server)


Alt keys not working properly in Citrix Workspace under Ubuntu 20.04

Try this Citrix support article and see if it works for you also.

Log into Windows and type "ease" (and select Ease of access center)
Select Make my keyboard easier to use
Select Turn on Filter Keys checkbox
Click on Set up Filter Keys (opens new window)
Select Turn on Filter Keys checkbox (in the new window).
Click Set up Repeat Keys and Slow Keys (opens new window).
Click Ignore all Repeated Keystrokes
Under the header Avoid Accidental Keystrokes set it to "0.0 Seconds"
Click Apply


Text remains in terminal after closing it and reopening

I'm unsure why you're seeing what you describe unless you modified your $PS1 (prompt:shell), .bash_profile or equivalent (.bashrc ..) file.

The history command will show your command history to review what you did (at terminal) but doesn't show what you did after loading an editor for example.

You could also ls -ltrha ~ (directory, long, human, all files sorted with newest at end; ~ is a shorthand for your home [user] directory) see if any .bash* files have recent dates and thus were edited by you.  If you find the cause (text annoying you), just remove it.


I have access to an XP245 printer. It uses a WiFi connection and connects without any fiddling by me. Just has a power socket, nothing else I could find.

Epson support has a Linux Scanner package available for download, which is easy to find. There's a specific scan utility, or you go through SANE. The printing is handled by a separate module. The scanner-only page is a bit too easy to find, best go to the printer-specific driver downloads, where you can get both.

Start from this link: http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/search/01/search/

Search for "XP-245" in this case, and you get a list of drivers, Windows, Mac, and Linux. Both the Printer and Scanner drivers should appear. For printing you also need to install LSB via your usual OS method.

I am only borrowing this box to get some scanning done, and I initially wondered if there was any Linux printer driver.


video problem after upgrade 10.04 to 11.04

The Radeon 9600 is no longer supported by ATI after 10.04, if you can't use the open-source drivers then your best bet is to not upgrade.


Is there any way to mirror displays in 16:9

Try arandr to change screen definitions. It's in the Ubuntu repository:

sudo apt-get install arandr

Arandr uses draggable rectangles that represent the physical displays - like display-management-software usually does.

Unlike most other software, the displays may overlap, as seen in the screenshot in this thread.

You may also try to fiddle around with the xrandr command line tool. The lower-level-approach may allow for more flexibility.


I have a problem with Kdenlive reset settings

As bodhi.zazen said, purging doesn't clear kdenlive settings in the home directory. To reset the settings, run

rm ~/.kde/share/config/kdenliverc ~/.config/kdenliverc

(It will be normal to receive an error that there is no such file or directory because your config file will only be stored in one of these)

In addition, if you have access to kdenlive, there is an option to reset settings with Settings>Configure Kdenlive...>Restore Defaults (At the bottom of the window)


`powertop --auto-tune` without messing with USB and touchpad

If you run powertop --auto-tune manually you could create a script like:

cat - > powertune.sh <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
powertop --auto-tune
HIDDEVICES=$(ls /sys/bus/usb/drivers/usbhid | grep -oE '^[0-9]+-[0-9\.]+' | sort -u)
for i in $HIDDEVICES; do
  echo -n "Enabling " | cat - /sys/bus/usb/devices/$i/product
  echo 'on' > /sys/bus/usb/devices/$i/power/control
done
EOF

The script will run powertop and then look at all the USB devices using the Human Interface Device driver and subsequently disable power management for them. So it should be resistant to plugging mice/keyboard in different ports.

You could also combine it with a systemd service to run it automatically at bootup.


Update Manager fails to download package files

Try updating through 'Terminal'. Open the Dash, open 'Terminal' then type:

sudo apt-get update

Click Enter, type your system password and wait for it to finish. This may fix your problem, once it's finished updating, try the graphical update manager again to see if it's fixed.

If that fails then you may need to repair your dpkg database, you can do this with the following command in 'Terminal':

sudo dpkg --configure -a


How do I remotely connect to a windows XP virtual machine

To connect to the services, you'll have to have a address on the local area network and not on a private "bridged" interface for the virtual machine.

Open Virtual Box
shutdown the Windows virtual machine if it's running
right-click on the virtual machine and select settings
Select Network and for Attached to: select Bridged Adaptor

Your virtual host should now have an address from the main network. Forward the ports to this address. And probably configure an appropriate static address in Windows.


yes.

create a script with these steps:

find all mp3 files in given directory
for each file check the metadata (id3tag can help you)
if it contains your specific string, append to a list (array, file, you choose)
at the end of the script, rm all files in the list


Multiple display and performance issues after upgrade from 16.04 to 18.04

As ChanganAuto says, it's good to do a fresh install if you're having troubles like this. If that's not an option, or these issues persist, it sounds like you might be having an issue with your desktop manager, since things are not showing up properly in the GUI. Check out this answer to switch from GNOME desktop manager to the almost-identical but lighter-weight lightdm, which may fix your issues if a clean install is not a working option.


Do I have to set up Virtual Host when Apache accessed locally?

After you have installed Apache Web Server to your machine, you will have a default site configuration in the file /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf like this:

<VirtualHost *:80>
...
    ServerAdmin ...
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html
...
    ErrorLog ...
    CustomLog ...
</VirtualHost>

By appropriately editing this configuration (for example, the DocumentRoot directive) and restarting Apache Web Server, you will have a working web server configuration with no virtual hosts.

Any web page request coming to TCP port 80 will be served from the default directory specified on DocumentRoot directive. This is the simplest configuration that works.

The web page request can be send to the "host" (for example: http://host/page) using any of the following as host:

127.0.0.1
[::1]
localhost

if you are accessing it from the same machine.

If you want to access it from another machine, you can use

ip_addr
host_name

where

ip_addr is the IPv4 or IPv6 of the web server as known by the requesting machine. (A TCP access path to port 80 of your server should be available from your web "browser" machine.)

host_name can be a simple or fully qualified name that resolves to the ip_addr mentioned above. To be able to translate host_name to ip_addr, either you have to create an appropriate entry in the /etc/hosts file of the web "browser" machine or an entry in the DNS server which will eventually be referred by the "browser" machine. Please, note that the mentioned DNS server(s) need not be public DNS servers.

Notes:

The main configuration file of Apache Web Server is generally called  httpd.conf and it should be somewhere under /etc. However, in my configuration (Ubuntu + Apache2) it is at /etc/apache2/apache2.conf. Virtual hosts (virtual sites) can be defined under the /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/ directory. Please, note that extra configuration files are "included" by using directives in the main configuration file. For this reason, to determine which additional files are "included" in your configuration, your should look at the main configuration file:

grep -i include apache2.conf

For more information:

https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/httpd.html
https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/configuring.html


How to install AMD GPU Driver 14.12 on Ubuntu 14.10?

once you download the .deb package, just double click on package icon. It should install the related software.


Emacs launched from favorites doesn't read .bashrc

I had the same problem with Ubuntu 19.04, and the solution I found is based on this answer:

Move PATH-related stuff from my ~/.bashrc to ~/.profile (which apparently is the proper place for it)
Logout and login again

Then my Emacs (launched from both from the Favorites bar and a bash console) had the proper PATH values.


You have three options. Option one is wait for pipelight to be officially compiled and released then install as shown here. Option two is compile it yourself as is shown here. Option three is to install from the .deb files for Ubuntu 15.10 which can be found here. For option three you will need to install pipelight-multi - 0.2.8.2~ubuntu15.10.1 deb file and be sure you pick the 32bit or 64bit file depending on your computer hardware. Here is how you can check. As always, the safest and preferred option is option one.


I use terminal to open my MATLAB but if you want to create launcher icon in applications or desktop, I think you can use mathworks solutions below.
https://in.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/20-how-do-i-make-a-desktop-launcher-for-matlab-in-linux
Here, multiple people have described ways to add MATLAb icon to desktop on LINUX. I hope it works for you.


Linux is making much more hard disk noise than Windows 7 on laptop

First of all: this is a hardware issue.  On the inside of the hard disk, bits are packed more densely then on the outside of the hard disk, so the noise is different.  (And just by your description, without hearing the noise I can deduce that Ubuntu is on the outside of the disk)

Secondly, it's a really really small partition, so it gets the worst of the worst.

Thirdly, you've only got 2,5 GB or RAM.  Depending what you do on Ubuntu and which flavour you've installed and how you optimised your system, it might be swapping (adding to the noise)

Conclusion: If you only have that little space available for Ubuntu, why not buy a 16GB SLC USB stick (not the MLC ones that you can find anywhere! Order an SLC!) install Ubuntu on there, set your vm.swappiness to 10, your vm.max-readahead to 2048, and your vm.min-readahead to 1024 and you'll have a much better Ubuntu experience without any noise... ;-)


Virtualbox Windows 10 install boots into checkered screen

I just ran into this checkerboard issue while trying to setup a Windows 10 Enterprise (version 2004) VM with VirtualBox 6.1.
When creating the virtual machine, VirtualBox incorrectly detected the VM as a Windows NT 4 install instead of a Windows 10 install resulting in the checkered screen on boot. To fix this, go under Settings -> General -> Basic and verify the version is correctly set to Windows 10.
Boots properly into the installer after changing this.


WiFi not working on Ubuntu 16.04 on my Asus X550JX

There is a confirmed bug on Ubuntu where wifi will fail to show or respond at all.  Generally this will occur only after your computer enters suspend and then resumes.  https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/network-manager/+bug/1574347

Are you still able to use wifi?
Do you have access to any wifi immediately after a reboot?


What are your read/write rates? How much of an increase are you looking to gain? You probably won't get that much of an increase out of defragmenting.

The time needed for defragmenting your data will very much depend on the rate of fragmentation, amount of files and read/write speeds of your disk and other speed-factors of your hardware. 8h should be enough, but I can only guess.

Fragmentation is always an issue, but ext2/3/4 reserve some space to make sure they are able to write data in one go instead of always having to scatter it around. You can check how much space is reserved with tune2fs -l /dev/<your device>  | grep -i reserve. Reducing the reserved amount will likely increase fragmentation over time, while increasing the reserved amount will likely not help to decrease fragmentation further.

If you need to increase your read/write, maybe operating over a ramdrive will help for scenarios where you don't have too much data but a lot of small files. Also you may want to check SSDs out to increase your r/w.

Also refer to this answer for information on fragmentation.


Ubuntu 16.04 How do I logically troubleshoot AP6212/6255 (broadcom) wireless/bluetooth not being found

You are missing firmware and it is normally made by doing a sudo cp /sys/firmware/efi/efivars/nvram-74b00bd9-805a-4d61-b51f-43268123d113 /lib/firmware/brcm/brcmfmac43455-sdio.txt  But if the nvram file doesn't exist we can try searching google for one that might work
We can try one file found while reading https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9517201/

wget https://github.com/khadas/android_hardware_amlogic_wifi/raw/b6709758755568e4a0ff6e80993be0fc64c77fb9/bcm_ampak/config/6255/nvram.txt
sudo cp nvram.txt /lib/firmware/brcm/brcmfmac43455-sdio.txt

Reboot and see if it works now


How to reinstall Ubuntu 14.04's default login screen

The default Ubuntu login screen is called lightdm. Chances are it's still installed, so you can just do sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm to re-select it. If it isn't installed, just run sudo apt-get install lightdm and then the command above. If you want to uninstall the other login screen (really a display manager), write down the other choices that show up when you run the reconfigure command.


How to install correctly another Linux flavour (in my case PCLinuxOS) together with installed Ubuntu?

Resize your /home partition to a lower size so it gives a small space for PCLinux. With the extra space insert the PCLinuxOS Live CD. Just install it like Ubuntu BUT when selecting the place you want to install, install the root in the partition space you just made. You can have the /home pointing to the same one of ubuntu at /home.

So for example it might be like this

/dev/sda1        /       13.97GB
/dev/sda2                451.79GB (It holds inside all the logicals. NO Resize this one)
    /dev/sda5    /home       349.00GB (You made a 100GB Partition for PCLinux. 100GB Less Here)
    /dev/sda6           2.79GB   (The same SWAP. Except if you want to hibernate)
    /dev/sda7          100.00GB (Your new Partition for PCLinuxOS)

If you want to hibernate and all that create yet another swap so not to have the hibernated information in swap when you login with the other Distro.

After that when you finish installing PCLinuxOS you should see in the Grub both Distros.

Just wanted to add, With this question in my head: What is GRUB (2)'s role in the suspend/hibernate process? there is now no need for 2 swaps. Grub will resume or tell you which Distro has been hibernated, so to not make a huge problem when booting. So it is almost safe to assume that you can have both /home shared and swap shared also. But need to take into consideration if you hibernated, WHICH one hibernated.


I have seen this in Xubuntu before, its down to the power management. Open a terminal and run the following:

sudo iwconfig wlan0 power off

and see if the issue occurs again while downloading


Gnome session has missing letters, transparency issues, blue screen

First try to restart your GNOME SHELL as follows-

Press ALT+F2

in the run command option enter the letter "r" and hit enter.Your shell will restart.

If this doesn't work,You maight have to reinstall GNOME SHELL.

To remove GNOME SHELL open the terminal and enter the following command-

  sudo apt-get purge gnome

and then to re-install GNOME SHELL enter the command-

  sudo apt-get install -y gnome

You may also remove and add the GNMOE SHELL/GNOME DESKTOP ENVIRONMENT from the Software Center but the termial use would be better.


Jupyter Notebook autocomplete not working

One of the reasons behind this issue can be the crashes of kernel when you try to use the autocompletion. I faced this issue and by observing the logs generated in the terminal used to open jupyter found that every time I try to use the autocompleter, kernel crashes. with the following solution, I resolved the issue in macOs 11.1 Big Sur.
You can just set the Ipython to use something else rather than jedi to do the completion task like pyreadline which can be installed by pip3 install pyreadline . But first you have to disable jedi in the Ipython kernel with the following command:

%config IPCompleter.use_jedi = False

This command will resolve the issue in the current session and if you want to change this configuration in the config file of Ipython kernel you can use the following commands:

ipython profile create

making a new config file for the ipython in the following directory:
/Users/zhivarsourati/.ipython/profile_default
and you can append the following line to the file ipython_kernel_config.py generated with the previous command:

c.IPCompleter.use_jedi = False


How to add application to application list?

Refer to the following two figures :

To set it as default, I guess you can take a text file, right-click on it, go to the 'open with' tab and select our application and set it as default.


E: Package 'python-scipy' has no installation candidate Ubuntu 20.04

The package you want is python3-scipy, not python-scipy. It can be installed using:
apt install python3-scipy

You might be better off to install scipy via pip (for Python 2) or pip3 (for Python 3). pip is a package manager for Python packages.
pip install scipy

or
pip3 install scipy

If you run into a similar problem in the future, you can use pip3 search scipy with the relevant search term to look for the required package. Check out man pip3 for the details.


Lynx "Alert!: Unable to connect to remote host."

With help from the above comments and answers I found the issue. My /etc/enviroments file was blank. I followed the instructions in this question

How do I configure proxies without GUI?

Hope this helps someone else


Installing dual boot Ubuntu 18.04 on dell xps 15 9570 RAID or AHCI

If you are not bound with limited resources or budget then i suggest better keep additional hard drive and install ubuntu on that secondary drive. Since ubuntu will also create 3+ partitions for internal purpose and windows already occupying 2+ (most probably 3 in your case of branded pc), it may cause drive corruption or lost either os boot sector data (I am not expert but i have faced this many times). Having second os on separate drive will reduce risk of losing data of both os together.

Thanks


GPG - old password works instead of new one

I figured it out afterall:

There were different secret keys in gpg and gpg2
I had an alias alias gpg="gpg2"
Script was working with "gpg" while shell worked with gpg2 (even when I thought the otherwise)


The warning says that scripts using apt may break at some point in the future - that may relate to the way the command must be called or to the results.

Of course it is fine to use it interactively within a pipe, but usually scripts are intended to work for a long time - that's what is not advisable to do now.


Opening LUKS encrypted drive in nautilus results in "operation cancelled"

Scrolling through one of the related questions I found an answer that worked.

sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sdb3 my_encrypted_volume
sudo vgimportclone /dev/mapper/my_encrypted_volume

This latter output a bunch of scary WARNING until

Volume group "ubuntu-vg" successfully renamed to "ubuntu-vg1"
Notifying lvmetad about changes since it was disabled temporarily.
(This resolves any WARNING message about restarting lvmetad that appears above.)
  Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...
  Found volume group "ubuntu-vg" using metadata type lvm2
  Found volume group "ubuntu-vg1" using metadata type lvm2

I then ran sudo vgchange -ay (possibly unnecessarily) and then ran

sudo mount /dev/ubuntu-vg1/root /media/my_device/

And voila! The drive appeared in Nautilus


How do i install Broadcom wireless driver after compile a custom kernel?

I think "ndiswrapper" application can help you more. By this app you can easily install your wifi devices in BC brand.

http://sourceforge.net/apps/mediawiki/ndiswrapper/index.php?title=Main_Page

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/Driver/Ndiswrapper


LibreOffice Calc fix the size (# lines) of input line

I filed a bug ("enhancement") report in: https://bugs.documentfoundation.org/show_bug.cgi?id=137849
Any other people that want this enhancement to be implemented in new versions of Calc can comment there.
I will update my answer once a new development happens.


What is the default timeout value for curl?

The answer by @scai at this Unix and Linux question is still correct. From lib/connect.h:

#define DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT 300000 /* milliseconds == five minutes */


How to create Protect folder in ubuntu server 16.04?

There are two options to do this:

Using the htpasswd commmand, and
Using the .htaccess file

Option 1:

When using the htpasswd command for the first time we use it like this:

sudo htpasswd -c /etc/apache2/.htpasswd sammy

# you wil be asked for password for user sammy
# content of .htpasswd would be
# sammy:$apr1$lzxsIfXG$tmCvCfb49vpPFwKGVsuYz.
# another_user:$apr1$p1E9MeAf$kiAhneUwr.MhAE2kKGYHK.

for additional users leave out the -c argument

sudo htpasswd /etc/apache2/.htpasswd another_user

Configure apache to check this file (.htpasswd):

a. Open virtual host file for the domain in question:

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
        DocumentRoot /var/www/html
        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

        <Directory "/var/www/html/MyDomain/protect_folder">
                AuthType Basic
                AuthName "Restricted Content"
                AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/.htpasswd
                Require valid-user
        </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

b. Restart apache:

  sudo service apache2 restart

Option 2: Using .htaccess file

Find the  block for the /var/www directory that holds the document root.
Turn on .htaccess processing by changing the AllowOverride directive within that block
from "None" to "All"

sudo nano /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

<Directory /var/www/>
      Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
      AllowOverride All
      Require all granted
</Directory>

  # save and close

Add .htaccess file to protect folder:

sudo nano /var/www/html/.htaccess

# Add the following
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Restricted Content"
AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/.htpasswd
Require valid-user

Restart apache:

sudo service apache2 restart

Note:

Advantage of .htpasswd file:

Apache will not re-read these files on every request that involves the directory,
    which helps performance.
Advantage of .htaccess file:

If you can not modify the Virtual host file this is the
   right choice
You don't have to use /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf use any virtual host you may have created
This is for a VPS you control, for shared hosting setting it up will be host dependent and is usually automated seek advice from customer care at your shared host.

Source:

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-password-authentication-with-apache-on-ubuntu-14-04


Is it possible to activate the screensaver upon autologin, then unlock keyring on screensaver unlock

With unsecure keyring

You could add gnome-screensaver-command -a at Startup Applications:

1) Alt + F2 then paste gnome-session-properties and click Enter

2) Click "Add" and paste the command above.

Regards.

With secure keyring

(If you don't want to empty your keyring password)

After the steps above, you make a script that will run at startup and will check if the screen are locked or not. If it is unlocked, it will run a python script to unlock keyring.

Make this perl script and put it to run at "Startup Applications"

#!/usr/bin/perl
my $cmd = "dbus-monitor --session \"type='signal',interface='org.gnome.ScreenSaver',member='ActiveChanged'\"";

open (IN, "$cmd |");

while () {
    if (m/^\s+boolean false/) {
        exec('/usr/bin/unlock-keyring');
    }
}

Make this python script, make it executable and move it to /usr/bin/unlock-keyring

#!/usr/bin/env python

import gnomekeyring
import getpass

gnomekeyring.unlock_sync(None, getpass.getpass('Password:your.password.goes.here'));

References: 1, 2, 3.


Count files in folder that allow directory listing on web service

Try something like:

wget -qO - http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/indices/ | grep '^<tr><td' | wc -l

this number includes the 'Parent Directory' link, so you probably want to subtract one.


Can't find boot-repair package for the newest version of Ubuntu

Update: The PPA currently offers updated packages for 14.04 and above.

Workaround: install packages for an older release

It showed a 404 not found error because the PPA was not updated for the newer release (trusty). To install boot-repair in Ubuntu 14.04, run the below commands on terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
codename="$(lsb_release -cs)"
sudo sh -c "sed -i 's/$codename/saucy/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yannubuntu-boot-repair-$codename.list"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)

Now use the recommended repair option to repair your grub and restart after boot-repair finished repairing.


Place the custom shell script in /etc/pm/sleep.d. Here's an example script which restarts autokey-gtk:

#!/bin/bash

case "$1" in
    hibernate|suspend)
        ;;
    thaw|resume)
        pkill autokey-gtk
        nohup autokey-gtk 2>&1 > /dev/null &
        ;;
    *)
        ;;
esac

The script name should start with 99, or something like that. For example: 99_my_resume.bash.

And don't forget to make it executable:

chmod +x 99_my_resume.bash


I found a per user wallpaper area. You can get to it by:

(right click on the) Desktop -> (Click) Change Desktop background
(on the Wallpapers drop-down select) Pictures.

The background images are the pictures in your default ~/Pictures folder.


need to match a string and then print next string matches and continue till next string

In awk,

awk -F" : " '/^String/ {string = $2}; /^needed/ {print string, $0}' f1.txt

You can do a similar thing in sed, although it's not quite so compact - basically it uses sed's hold space as the equivalent of the string variable. Unfortunately AFAIK there's no simple way to prepend the hold space to the pattern space in sed, so we have to append and then swap the order after:

sed -rn -e '/^String : / {s///;h;}' -e '/^needed/ {G;s/(.*)\n(.*)/\2 \1/;p;}'  f1.txt

NOTE: a full solution should probably check that a String has been found and assigned before trying to print it (in case the file contains needed lines before any String).


How to enable rgb colored output in terminal?

RGB colors can not be used in the terminal for these reasons:

Bash does not choose the commandline colors.
Bash can only specify ANSI colors.

The two above reasons are very closely linked. Most of these are dependant on your screen and ANSI color specification. If you use a good terminal emulator, you might be able to set custom RGB colors for certain ANSI color codes.

Bash as a shell is powerless as to what the screen can do with displays. It only passes the words on the terminal into your screen. The screen can decide what to do with it. The screen can decide what colors the ANSI escape codes represent (if the terminal even allows colors).

A workaround is to change the terminal color specs. However, very few (I don't know any) will allow you to change colors.


After starting Android studio with sudo, select Tools - Create Desktop Entry.

This will create an icon for Android studio and if you do a search in the dash, it will pop up in-between the other applications.


You could use file to determine the actual file type (MIME type) based on its content instead of the file extension, and you can use pure Bash to aggregate the size sum per type.

Have a look at this example:

$ find Pictures/ -printf '%s\t' -exec file --brief --mime-type {} \;|{ declare -A A;while IFS=$'\t' read -r B T;do A["$T"]=$((A["$T"]+B));done;for T in "${!A[@]}";do printf '%12d\t%s\n' "${A["$T"]}" "$T";done;}|sort -bnr
    72046936    image/jpeg
    57324445    image/png
    23712181    application/x-7z-compressed
    17144737    image/gif
     6563757    image/x-xcf
      697098    image/svg+xml
       53248    inode/directory

And to verify the results, the sum of all values above is exactly equal to what du reports:

$ du -sb Pictures/
177542402   Pictures/

Here's the used command-line from above commented and formatted in a more readable way as a script:

#!/bin/bash

# Recursively find all files (and directories) in `Pictures/`,
# then output their size on disk in bytes, followed by a tab and the output of `file`,
# showing only the short MIME type without path and extra info (e.g. "image/png"):
find Pictures/ -printf '%s\t' -exec file --brief --mime-type {} \; | {

    # declare the `ARR` variable to be an associative array (mapping type strings to total size)
    declare -A ARR

    # parse the above output line by line, reading the tab-separated columns into
    # the variables `BYTES` and `TYPE` respectively
    while IFS=$'\t' read -r BYTES TYPE ; do
        # add the current `BYTES` number to the corresponding entry in our `ARR` array
        ARR["$TYPE"]=$(( ARR["$TYPE"] + BYTES ))
    done

    # loop over all keys (MIME types) in our `ARR` array
    for TYPE in "${!ARR[@]}" ; do
        # output the total bytes (right-aligned up to 12 digits) followed by a tab and the type
        printf '%12d\t%s\n' "${ARR["$TYPE"]}" "$TYPE"
    done

# sort the resulting output table numerically, in descending order and ignoring leading space
} | sort -bnr


How to send SFTP file download to background?

Try screen on machine B, start the download and detach afterwards:

On machine A:

ssh user@B

On machine B:

screen
sftp user@C
get some_file.tar.gz
Ctrl-a d
logout

Never tried but could work.

Edit: later, log back in and use screen -x to reconnect to the running session. Then, shut it down properly so that it isn't consuming the server's resources.


Repository to upgrade Sigil to latest version on (K)ubuntu

most safety way to upgrade your sigil package is from source code... because this package doesn't include on official repository in Ubuntu..


uck or other software for creating customized iso

You can use Remastersyss to create a custom ISO.  Remastersys is very handy application that allows you to clone and backup your Linux distribution, including root, home, other partitions, and all personal, custom configuration to a fully deploy-able, bootable live CD.

Also you may want to look at Live CD Customization, and Install CD Customization