How do I remove CMake after installing it from source?

TL;DR: Run sudo make uninstall in the directory where you ran sudo make install before.

You followed this method of installing a different version of CMake. This is to say that you uninstalled the version provided by Ubuntu's package manager and manually downloaded, compiled, and installed it yourself from source code.

Assuming you were able to follow those instructions successfully, the version of CMake provided by Ubuntu's package manager (via the cmake package) is already uninstalled. Because the version that you have installed now is not provided by Ubuntu's package manager, but instead the version you compiled and installed yourself, running sudo apt-get purge cmake again does not remove it.

Since you installed cmake by compiling it and then running sudo make install, the solution is for you to:

Use cd to go back to the directory where you ran that command.
Run sudo make uninstall.

Not all software that can be installed by running make install has a corresponding uninstall target letting you run make uninstall to remove it. But CMake does support this.1

If you have deleted the folder in which you ran sudo make install, or otherwise changed it, then your best bet is to rebuild and reinstall it (be sure to use exactly the same version) to get back the ability to run sudo make uninstall. That is, you would follow the same installation steps, starting from the same .tar.gz file and passing all the same options you used (if any) to ./bootstrap. If you just ran ./bootstrap with no arguments after it, do that again. After running sudo make install again, which would (harmlessly) overwrite the files that were already installed with copies of themselves, you would then be able to use sudo make uninstall.

Another possible approach, which I strongly discourage you from doing, would be to try to figure out exactly what files and directories were created in the installation, and to try to remove just those files and directories but no others. If you did not pass the --prefix to ./bootstrap when you compiled CMake then it installed files in /usr/local, but it is not the only program that uses that directory. It would have installed files in the various subdirectories of /usr/local, such as bin and lib (and others), so aside from the situation where you know nothing else was installed into /usr/local, this option requires a lot of work.

1 It's easy to become confused about whether or not you can uninstall CMake by running sudo make uninstall because, by default, when you use CMake to create build scripts for your own software, no uninstall target is generated unless you explicitly ask for one. However, CMake itself is designed to be easily uninstalled, and its source code does define those uninstall targets for itself. In the Makefile generated from running ./bootstrap you can see:

#=============================================================================
# Target rules for targets named uninstall

# Build rule for target.
uninstall: cmake_check_build_system
    $(MAKE) -f CMakeFiles/Makefile2 uninstall
.PHONY : uninstall

# fast build rule for target.
uninstall/fast:
    $(MAKE) -f CMakeFiles/uninstall.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/uninstall.dir/build
.PHONY : uninstall/fast

You can also search for uninstall support in its CMakeLists.txt file.

To be sure, I tested this with CMake 3.9.0, and it does work. The uninstall target is generated and running sudo make uninstall works to uninstall CMake.


As far as the warning go.....they are just that.

If you are using gedit as a superuser then I would recommend using gksudo instead

CLI=sudo

GUI=gksudo

Is the difference between sudo and gksu the same as the difference
between sudo -i and sudo -s?

The reason for root permissions. See the tutorial

http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/graphicalsudo


How to PXE boot a virtual machine from another virtual machine which are in same virtual network?

Tons of thanks to gPXE, if the node boot up via a gPXE iso as it's cdrom (rather than a network boot), then it can successfully take interaction with MaaS Server and change it's state from Commissioning to Ready!


Having experimented further, I used apt to remove all the sendmail packages and then did

apt install sendmail-cf sendmail-base sendmail-bin sendmail-doc

and I now have most (or all) of what I remember from /etc/mail.  Of course, I still don't know how to get it doing what I want, but at least I can try things now.


installing nvidia drivers and control panel

NVIDIA X server settings is your driver control panel.


VLC can't read DVDs even after I installed things to read them

Had the same thing with my rarely used dvd drive today. Apparently the symlink to the block device was missing. After inspecting dmesg I found it is sr0 in my case.

So:

sudo ln -s /dev/sr0 /dev/dvd

fixed it for me.

PS: Try man dmesg, man sudo, man ln, if you do not understand this. The first few years of linux is all about reading man pages, I'm afraid.


chmod has no effect on files on flash drive

In my honest experience, If you have a dual boot computer then you're lucky
and you can try "Repair this drive" in Windows. This usually fixes my
problems.


This is probably a problem where you messed up your Grub. Or, at least, this is the same thing I got when I messed up my grub. Specifically, when I attempted to install BURG. That's my experience with the first part of your problem with the "error: no such partition".

The second part of your problem, happened, I don't know when/why, to me as well. If I remember correctly, booting from Flash Drive did not work for me either, but booting from CD Image did. I would try that. Either way, I got through both of the problems. For the second part of your problem, I reinstalled Ubuntu completely and that fixed everything, but I feel as though you might just be able to reinstall Grub or something to fix both of your problems.


If you select try without installing, Ubuntu will boot from the CD into an environment you can use. From there, there should be a shortcut on the desktop that will let you install Ubuntu, and in that menu you can select the language you want to install with.


Which Git GUI can show list of files inside stash?

gitk shows the content of your stash:

$ gitk --all&

Since both the index and the working tree are saved in stash, you see both, and the diff looks a bit different than what you might be used to.

$ git stash show -p

shows the stash content on the command line. If you have several stashes, you can specify the stash name, e.g. stash@{3}.


Whenever I download an .sh-file gedit opens up

If gedit opens up after the download is complete, that's because your browser is set up to open downloaded files automatically and to open them in the system's default application.

If gedit opens up because you double-clicked on the .sh file in nautilus, that's because of the default behavior of nautilus, which is to open .sh files in the system's default text editor rather than to run them.

To change nautilus' default behavior:

Open Files from the Unity Launcher
On the Unity Panel, click on "Edit" > "Preferences"
Select the "Behavior" tab and under "Executable Text Files" select "Run executable files when they are opened" and click on the "Close" button.

On why gedit freezes, it might be that the .sh file is very long.

If the .sh is not very long, it might be that it is encoded with some exotic encoding that gedit cannot handle.

If the .sh file is not encoded with any exotic encoding, try to reinstall / update gedit by running this command in a Terminal: sudo apt-get remove gedit && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install gedit


To augment Thomas' answer, this is the file you need to change:

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

or if you are running several sites on one nginx:

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/your_site_name

change this part in it

server {

    ...

    location ~ \.php$ {
        ...
        fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
    }

    ...
}

php7.0-fpm.sock to php7.2-fpm.sock


Command line option to check which filesystem I am using?

mount:

me@hostname:/$ mount
/dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
none on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)

...


I had various issues with getting KakaoTalk to run on my Ubuntu 16.04, and the instructions here finally did the trick and got it working. It's in Korean but the screenshots make it fairly intuitive. Firstly go with the option to "Install a non-listed program". Then choose to "Install some libraries". The installation of two additional libraries (POL_Install_gdiplus & POL_Install_riched20) seems to be what's needed to get KakaoTalk to work fully.


Finally got it.

I was able to boot into internet recovery mode (by pressing Command-R).  I deleted all the partitions and created a new one.  The problem still persisted, I couldn't boot off the OSX DVD.  Then I booted into internet recovery mode again, changed the partition type from MBR to GUID (I think this is what fixed my problem), and re-installed OSX from internet recovery (which took about 10 hours to download) and now everything is back to normal.

Thanks.


VB alternative/equivalent for development of Windows apps in Ubuntu

Quoted Real Studio is a full-featured, cross-platform software development tool suited to creating a wide range of applications, from utilities to enterprise-class applications. Real Studio is the only object-oriented, cross-platform software development tool that enables users at all levels to create powerful, stand-alone, native applications. For more info about Real Studio  See This Site.

Also you can look at QT ( cross-platform application framework that is widely used for developing application software with a graphical user interface (GUI)) would be an option.


The logs you posted shows that a lot of KDE applications are removed. I've tried finding some KDE-apps starting with "mysql" that could have been removed when you removed everything that started with "mysql" (by calling apt-cache search kde | grep ^mysql) but I couldn't find any.

So there were probably some bigger problems (maybe also causing your issues with mysql) and when you removed mysql apt fixed these errors by removing all problematic applications.

Anyway, to reinstall your kde-desktop, try the following:

apt-get install kubuntu-desktop


If you are using dd and the USB device is not booting, it means that the .iso file is not a hybrid file.  You have to convert it to a hybrid .iso before you create your bootable USB device with dd.  I haven't used this method for creating Windows bootable USB's yet but it works with all Linux isos I've tried so far.

Make sure the iso you've downloaded is ok using a checksum file.
Install syslinux-utils on your system by typing sudo apt-get install syslinux-utils.
If you want to keep the original iso intact, make a copy and process the copy by typing isohybrid /path_to_copy.iso.
After that, the copy's checksum test will fail and this is the sign that isohybrid has altered it so that it can create bootable USB devices too.
Type dd if=altered.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=4M (where X is your USB device letter).

You should be able to boot your system with your USB device after this.  I'll be waiting to see if this works with Windows isos too.


I'm afraid there's no alternative to HP "coolsense", but if you want to control fan speeds follow these steps:

first you need a way to monitor system temperature and fan speeds

  sudo apt-get install lm-sensors
  sudo sensors-detect

answer yes to all questions and reboot

  sudo pwmconfig

follow the instructions and

  sudo sensors -s

to check the temperature run:

  sensors

to run fan control run:

  sudo /usr/sbin/fancontrol &

if you are running ubuntu 12.04 or 12.10 then sensors will be present in the top bar

source: tuxtweaks


Is it possible to change /pictures/wallpapers which is used automatically when selecting "use as background image"?

No, the folder ~/Pictures/wallpapers is not hardwired in Nautilus and you can put your wallpapers wherever you like.

It is the folder Pictures that is (more or less) hardwired. That is, there is one folder called ~/Pictures in your home directory, that is listed in the Locations in the side bar. To change that, you would need to modify a configuration file somewhere, if you'd want to access your pictures anywhere else.

But your collection of wallpaper pictures can be anywhere. At startup, your choice of wallpaper is retrieved from its last known location, and displayed. If you set your wallpaper to some other file, it is displayed no matter where it is. As long as the location is available at startup time, they could e.g. be on a network share or external disk.


Can't connect Ubuntu 11.10 with broadband connection

Since you are using wired without a router, here are a couple of tests to run:
Click on the icon in the applet for the network manager and see if networking is enabled. You should see some connection label something like eth0.

Another thing to check is your ip address. You can open up a terminal (ctrl-alt-t) and type ifconfig and report back what it says about your eth0 connection.

Finally you should type lspci in the terminal.

You should see a few Network Adaptors listed. Then post your wireless card's info, here for more specific help (or search for your card's name and the word drivers and Ubuntu or Linux)

For example my card is
Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06)

and so I would search for "Realtek RTL8111 drivers Ubuntu" to get info on how to get my card to work.


Cannot open display error when I run sudo gedit on Ubuntu 14.04.5

You should never use normal sudo to start graphical applications as root. For a complete explanation of this read the answers to this question: Why should users never use normal sudo to start graphical applications?.

Nautilus Admin (nautilus-admin) is a simple Python extension for the Nautilus file manager that adds some administrative actions to the right-click menu:

Open as Administrator: opens a folder in a new Nautilus window     running with administrator (root) privileges.
Edit as Administrator: opens a file in a Gedit window running     with administrator (root) privileges.

To install Nautilus Admin in all  currently supported versions of Ubuntu open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install nautilus-admin

An alternative way of editing the same file is to use the system's default text editor program that is designed to run from the terminal without needing any other graphical environment.

sudoedit path/to/file


I suggest you try to use juju direcly with MAAS at first, and succeed in deploying the simple charm "ubuntu".

Here are instructions on how to configure juju to use MAAS: https://maas.ubuntu.com/docs1.8/juju-quick-start.html

Then, after bootstrapping, try:

juju deploy ubuntu

If that works, ssh into that unit to confirm, and that you can reach the internet by trying something like wget http://ubuntu.com:

juju ssh ubuntu/0


In this excercise grep, sed, and awk will be your friends.

Here's a hint for the first problem: Parsing the IP from the line of junk

This will work if each IP is on it own line, surrounded by garbage, with @ signs on each side of the numbers.

'test' is just a file I pasted your example into

grep -nPo '@\d{1,3}@' test | sed 's/@//g'

grep: -n prepends the line number, P allows you to use Perl regex, o return only the matched part.

the regex matched any group of digits of length 1-3 surrounded by @ signs

Sed: strips away the @ sign by replacing them with nothing

Your output will we be:

1:192
1:168
1:90
1:1

Where 1 is the line number. I left it on there because you can use awk to find pieces with matching line numbers and concatenate them to make an IP address.


Ubuntu 19.10 doesn't detect second external monitor

You could try turning the monitor on and off with xset:

xset -display :0.0 dpms force off && sleep 3 && xset -display :0.0 dpms force on

This will turn off the display, wait three seconds and then turn it back on. If this workaround works, this command could be run at startup.

source: Turn off monitor using command line


after update (13.04) ended up with a grub.cfg that grub says has invalid commands

The drivemap and chainloader +1 options are used to boot BIOS-mode OSes from a BIOS version of GRUB; but your system is EFI-based and has an EFI-mode Windows installation, so any GRUB entry with those options is doomed to failure. Instead, you'd need something like this:

menuentry "Windows 8" {
    insmod part_gpt
    insmod chain
    set root='(hd0,gpt1)'
    chainloader /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
}

I make no promises that this will work, though; GRUB is very finicky when it comes to booting Windows, and what works on one computer often fails on another.

I don't know why your /etc/grub.d/40_custom file was wiped clean. This is the first time I've heard of that happening. My only guess is that Boot Repair, or some other tool intended to help fix GRUB problems, might be responsible.

You might have better luck replacing or supplementing GRUB with another boot manager, such as gummiboot or my own rEFInd. These programs are less finicky about booting Windows, and they can also boot Linux kernels that include the EFI stub loader, which means most 3.3.0 and later kernels. In the case of rEFInd, installing the Debian binary package should set everything up correctly, provided that you have not run Boot Repair. If you have run Boot Repair, you should undo its file-juggling act before proceeding; if you don't, you'll get GRUB when you try to launch Windows.

Since you say you want to learn more about this subject, I recommend my Web page on EFI boot loaders. Also, check out Matthew Garrett's blog; it covers many topics, including some (mostly technical) discussions of EFI boot issues.


How to force particular protocol through particular connection?

Please read sshd_config what formats of ListenAddress are supported.

You should specify the IP of your Ethernet card, I assume it is fixed (otherwise you'll have a lot of hoops to jump through).

To isolate traffic from the WiFi I would suggest to use a firewall (e.g. ufw) and disable incoming connections on port 22.


.NET Core snapcraft crosscompile for Raspberrypi3

I have moved this forward a bit, but it crashes differently now.

$ rqdq-hello.hello
FailFast:
Couldn't find a valid ICU package installed on the system. Set the configuration flag System.Globalization.Invariant to true if you want to run with no globalization support.

   at System.Environment.FailFast(System.String)
   at System.Globalization.GlobalizationMode.GetGlobalizationInvariantMode()
   at System.Globalization.GlobalizationMode..cctor()
   at System.Globalization.CultureData.CreateCultureWithInvariantData()
   at System.Globalization.CultureData.get_Invariant()
   at System.Globalization.CultureInfo..cctor()
   at System.StringComparer..cctor()
   at System.AppDomain.InitializeCompatibilityFlags()
   at System.AppDomain.CreateAppDomainManager()
   at System.AppDomain.Setup(System.Object)
Aborted (core dumped)

I removed the reference to libc6 and a duplicate line from stage-packages.

name: rqdq-hello
version: "2.12"
summary: NET Hello, the "hello world" snap
description: .NET Hello prints a friendly greeting.
grade: stable
confinement: strict
architectures:
  - armhf

apps:
  hello:
    command: publish/hello

parts:
  net-hello:
    build-attributes: [no-system-libraries]
    plugin: dump
    source: src/bin
    stage-packages:
      - libunwind8
      - libicu55
      - icu-devtools
      - libcurl3
      - libgcc1
      - libgssapi-krb5-2
      - libicu-dev
      - liblttng-ust0
      - libstdc++6
      - libuuid1
      - wget
      - zlib1g


Custom keybindings without gnome-settings-daemon

I figured it out! You can use xbindkeys to setup your own keybindings without the need of gnome-settings-daemon. So first:

sudo apt-get install xbindkeys

And then you can generate a default config file:

xbindkeys --defaults > ~/.xbindkeysrc

To give an example of some stuff I use in my .xbindkeysrc:

"amixer -q set Master 2- unmute"
XF86AudioLowerVolume
"amixer -q set Master 2+ unmute"
XF86AudioRaiseVolume
"amixer -q set Master toggle"
XF86AudioMute
"urxvt"
alt+Return
"lxpanelctl run"
alt+r

Then run xbindkeys at startup and the custom keybindings work.


Can't load Windows 8 from Grub 2.0 (Ubuntu 13.04)

If you have a windows repair cd, this can do the trick maybe. But you won't lose your data, its just accessing the drive that a little messed up.


Is Ubuntu One a peer-to-peer application?

Short Answer:

No, is a cloud/sever based file storage.

Long Answer:

  What sort of technology does Ubuntu One use for file syncing?

Excerp from Technical Details wiki:

  This provides remotely accessible disk space stored on Amazon S3. Rather than using an existing protocol (eg. FTP, SFTP, NFS, Webdav) access to this remote disk space is via an invented-here communication protocol called "ubuntuone-storageprotocol" based on Google Protocol Buffers.

Excerp of the README of the ubuntu-storage-protocol package (aka ubuntuone-storageprotocol):

  Protocol Overview:

  Since it is not well-documented elsewhere, I'll also give a very brief
  outline of the protocol interactions here.

  Most client/server communication is in the form of client-initiated
  requests.  Each message from the client initiating a request is given
  a request ID which is intended to be unique for the lifetime of the
  connection.

  The actual method for generating request IDs doesn't matter as long as
  they are even numbers (e.g. 0, 2, 4, ...) and aren't re-used by different
  requests on the same connection (but note that some requests may involve
  multiple messages).  Server responses to a client request will use the
  client-supplied request ID, but server-originated messages will have a
  server-assigned ID which is odd (e.g. 1, 3, 5, ...).  In effect, when the
  low bit of the request ID is set, it indicates a server-initiated request.

  The protocol is asynchronous in that multiple requests may be "in flight"
  at once, their messages (if there are multiple messages in the
  request) arbitrarily interleaved.

  [...]

  When downloading the content of a node, the client and server have a
  brief exchange followed by a series of messages bearing data, all with
  the same request id.  Uploads work similarly -- in both cases, the request
  ID identifies a particular in-progress upload or download.

Provided this, there is no way that the protocol can be seen as P2P connections. Peer-to-Peer implies several nodes/clients (but no servers holding files)  where each of them can share files/connections. In this case there's only a server and several clients that send/receives data using a structured transfer protocol. It's nowhere near BitTorrent, eDonkey, nor other P2P protocols.

As to establish the difference, let's define P2P:

  A peer-to-peer (P2P) network is a type of decentralized and distributed network architecture in which individual nodes in the network (called "peers") act as both suppliers and consumers of resources, in contrast to the centralized client–server model where client nodes request access to resources provided by central servers.


suggestions:
- use ext3 or ext4. I just go with defaults, sorry.

I use mdadm. it works, is relatively easy to configure, and there's lots of support info out there found through google. There's a book or two also - O'Reilly - "Managing RAID on Linux" has useful info.
I haven't succeeded in getting Ubuntu to auto mount arrays, but I probably gave up too easily. I just mount the arrays when I boot. Also gives me a chance to e2fsck the arrays while they're not mounted. That's important, especially in RAID 5. Also chance to check array status.


How to fix install error "Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement pyplot"?

pyplot is part of a matplotlib.
In order to install pyplot you should install matplotlib

matplotlib install instructions

  Using package manager:

sudo apt-get install python3-matplotlib

  Install Anaconda or Canopy which are both excellent choices that “just work” out of the box.


How to download torrents from the command line?

you can use transmission-cli:

sudo apt-get install transmission-cli

You can use transmission-daemon instead:

sudo apt-get install transmission-daemon

and then use these commands to manage it:

transmission-create
transmission-remove
transmission-edit
transmission-show


I think I'm experiencing the same. I'll put my hardware details below to make it easier for others to find this. Here is how I fix it:

When the balance is shifted to the right, I hear only a very weak sound on the left side. I can take countermeasures by adjusting the balance in the sound-menu to the left. However, sometimes the left side is completely dead. I discovered that raising the volume dramatically brings the sound back on both sides. Same loudness on both ears. I have to move the slider for the volume at least 80% up (to the left). CAUTION: if you use headphones this will blow your drums. So better take them out. I need to do this for one second or so. Not longer. This is strange, it feels like something is stuck in a pipe and applying more pressure helps to push it through - although we are talking about drivers and hardware of a computer. Anyway, try it! I have not permanent fix. The balance shifts to left again after a reboot. Not always, but randomly. Then I just repeat the procedure.

I also found out about Bug # 106945 which describes also a problem with the balance, but is from 2007 and obviously fixed.

---- My hardware ----

lspci

00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801JD/DO (ICH10 Family) HD Audio Controller (rev 02)

lshw

description: Audio device product: 82801JD/DO (ICH10 Family)
HD Audio Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical
id: 1b
bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0
version: 02
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
resources: irq:52
memory:f7adc000-f7adffff

cat /proc/asound/card...

cat /proc/asound/card0/codec*

Codec: Analog Devices AD1984A
Address: 2
AFG Function Id: 0x1 (unsol 0)
Vendor Id: 0x11d4194a
Subsystem Id: 0x10280420
Revision Id: 0x100400
No Modem Function Group found
...


Any ideas to removing a not allowed sign flashing on screen?

Try reading this: not allowed sign flashing on screen and see if it helps you.
Your question is a possible duplicate. Im pretty sure it will not though because it tells you to disable a few shortcuts, which im pretty sure you already did, but atleast read it.


I think this can be done using the GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX variable in GRUB's configuration (/etc/default/grub). So edit that file using:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Add a line containing:

GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=1920x1080

to the file, save and close.
Then run:

sudo update-grub

Do remember to check that 1920x1080 is a supported mode for GRUB using the instructions in
How do I safely change grub2 screen resolution?


Consequences of using apt-get in ubuntu touch

To be able to use "apt-get" in ubuntu-touch, for safety I suggest you use the function "Enabling/ Disabling read-write mode".
Once enabled the "read-write mode", this will disable Ubuntu system upgrades.
Howerver you can restore automatic over-the-air updates by disabling the "read-write mode".

"By default the system is read-only. You can switch to read-write mode, although this disables Ubuntu system upgrades.The main purpose for this is developing the Ubuntu system directly. This is not required for developing apps or using the system normally. Recovering from read-write mode is possible but requires reinstalling the system from scratch. Warning: Switching a device to read-write mode (and/or recovering from it) is an advanced feature and may result in complete data loss. Warning: Switching a device to read-write mode disables automatic over-the-air delta updates. Accepting a full over-the-air update after making a device writable may undo changes you have made.
"

Firstly, Enabling developer mode on your Ubuntu device.  To do this, go to Settings → About this device → Developer mode. (You have to apply the "Lock security" by  alternatives: "4-digit passcode" or "Passphrase". Otherwise, with the "swipe" function, you can not enable the "developer mode")
Connect your device into a PC (Assume that's a Ubuntu platform environment).
To verify the connection, use adb to display currently connected devices:

$ adb devices
List of devices attached
025d138e2f521413 device

Install phablet-tools package

Ensure the universe archive is enabled, then:
$ sudo apt-get install phablet-tools

Enabling read-write mode:

$ phablet-config writable-image

The system reboots in read-write mode.

Disabling read-write mode:
You can disable read-write and restore automatic over-the-air updates:

$ adb shell rm /userdata/.writable_image

To restore the normally read-write protected system area to a pristine state that does not include any changes you made while in read-write mode by installing the Ubuntu system:

$ ubuntu-device-flash touch --channel=CHANNEL

Sources: https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/start/ubuntu-for-devices/installing-ubuntu-for-devices/#install-options
Advises: Up to now, it's not a good idea to use "apt-get" as they (Mr.Popey) said:

"We don't test apt-get installed scenarios on the phone and if you use apt-get upgrade, you may install packages which haven't yet been fully tested as part of image based updates"

Source: How to install a .deb file in Ubuntu-Touch?


Why is my mouse invisible on ubuntu 14.04?

I recently had an invisible mouse which was cured by one of these three processes.  Not sure which one cured it.  I'll have to test them if I have the problem again to see.

The first two were terminal commands: AltCntlT

First:

$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.cursor active false

Second:

$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/cursor/active false

Third:

Install and run Unity-Tweak-Tool then change the cursor settings to different settings and back: Dmz-black > Dmz-white > Redglass > Dmz-black


faded/grayscale printing with Epson WF-4630

Haha. Yes. And printed the same documents from elsewhere and I am getting a big difference in saturation and clarity.


First type the locale command to print-out your current locale configuration. Also you can use locale -a to display a list of all available locales.

Cleaning up unused locales

Install localepurge to remove any unwanted languages, while choosing the ones you want to keep. Note that this method will not change the locales settings on your system. It will just purge the locales you have not selected. Use at your own risk.

$ sudo apt-get install localepurge

After that, you could reboot or try to run . /etc/default/locale.

To reconfigure this, simply enter the following in terminal:

$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure localepurge

Another way answered here is to sudo locale-gen --purge <locales YOU WANT TO KEEP>

Reference

LocaleConf at Ubuntu Help
Locale at Ubuntu Help


Graphics tablet monitor Bosto 22U Mini does not work on 15.04

This sounds like the typical extended desktop 'problem' everyone has with pen devices. Actually Xinput system has a Coordinate Transformation Matrix that should be used to restrict the area of your desktop. But it's annoying to re-calculate and enter this matrix by hand every time you change your screen configuration. So just use this GUI tool here to select which screen to use with your pen or touch device:

http://wenhsinjen.github.io/ptxconf/

We just started this project so let us know if it works for you or not.  We'll fix it straight away if there is a problem.

configuration menu


If a Linux OS is already installed and functioning, navigate to Additional Drivers and enable proprietary drivers. If for some reason this does not work, open the cli (Terminal) and try:
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
Secure booting from the BIOS or UEFI seemed to be a common problem (I didn't have it). Disable any security measures you deem necessary in BIOS/UEFI.
I made sure to set Hard Drive Emulation to Hard drive, if not already done. Then, I boot the live USB from legacy mode, not UEFI, from under the Hard Drive option.
When installing from a live USB, boot problems (black screen, perpetual blinking cursor, etc.) were consistently occuring when I used multiboot. Do not use Multiboot when installing linux. If you know a way around this, good for you. It seems to only be appropriate for running live with no intention of installing.
I used Startup Disk Creator (on Linux) to create one bootable Linux OS on a USB drive. This solves any problems I had with booting.
When installing a Linux OS, graphics drivers are commonly a problem. By default, they do not use proprietary drivers. Whether AMD or Nvidia, the first step should be to install and activate the detected proprietary driver.


How to make solver work in Excel [PlayOnLinux install]

You can solve your equation with Wolfram|Alpha (click here - online service): insert the equation and it will solve.
You can also install Windows & Office in (example) VirtualBox and use them from here: they will function for sure in this virtualized enviroment, you only need extra resources.

The Ubuntu community can only offer support for Open Source software and Microsoft® Office® 2010 is Closed Source; playonlinux only offers a compatibility layer to execute Windows software but it can't do miracles if the source code is not public.
You should open a ticket in the Microsoft® support center and ask why the plug-in causes a crash in compatibility enviroments.

Have a nice day.


Regarding fixing inverted/flipped laptop webcam video in Chrome/Chromium based browsers - V4L1 will not work with Chrome. V4L2 is needed.

A few days ago I updated ASUS P52F laptop to Linux Mint 18 XFCE that is on par with Ubuntu 16.04.1 now. I faced "upside down" webcam WebRTC video on hangouts and facebook using Chrome web browser only. Firefox works fine. Cheese also displays video properly.

After some googling I found this bug report. In the comment 22 you can see that 2 years ago there was a 0001-Use-libv4l2-for-Linux-V4L-grabber.patch proposed that fixes Chrome/Chromium behavior. For more then a year now libv4l2 is added to Chromium, but is not enabled for Linux. You can see the whole discussion in the bug report thread. Long story short it looks like they are not actively working on fixing this for almost a year now. However, there is some ugly workaround...

You can add Flip this extension to Chrome. It allows you to flip your webcam video or any other element of a webpage. It will flip it only locally, so people who you talk to via Chrome also need to use the same trick. It's not pretty, but it's working... well, kind of ; ) After all switching to Firefox maybe a better and more comfortable solution. Cheers!


Unable to access old (deleted) user's home folder and files and don't have permissions to read, write or delete them

If you do have the root password and the current user is in sudoers group, you just have to chown recursively your /home/old_user/, something like :

sudo chown -R new_user:new_group /home/old_user/

In this case you should get the same permission as you had before. If you want to change them, use chmod with the appropriate code.


why is my ubuntu 16.04 32 bit fresh install painfully slow?

After using 64-bit os and Nvidia Proprietary driver my system is working great :) Thank you @dobey and @JonasCz for such a in depth information and help. And i am adding this line just to complete minimum word limit to answer on StackExchange.


Perhaps not a direct answer, but if you hold ALT & move the window (using your mouse), you can bring back the missing part into view....

I have an eee, and a lot of programs over-spill the screen edges so this is a useful trick!

I expect xrandr is the direct answer - look at the man page, you can set screens up manually.


How to batch convert legacy files to UTF8?

Let's say your script is named convert-to-utf-8.sh. Here's how you would make it work across multiple files:

for filename in file1 file2 file3 ; do ./convert-to-utf-8.sh "$filename" ; done

You could incorporate that for-loop in the script itself, like this:

for filename in "$@"; do
    CHARSET="$(file -bi "$filename"|awk -F "=" '{print $2}')"
    if [ "$CHARSET" != utf-8 ]; then
        iconv -f "$CHARSET" -t utf8 "$filename" -c -o "$filename.utf8"
    fi
done

You could then run the script with multiple filenames like this:

./convert-to-utf-8.sh file1 file2 file3


Rhythmbox doesn't add/import MP3s from ~/Music on Ubuntu Gnome 15.04

Based on our discussion, I assume that the database was corrupted.

Delete it:

rm ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/rhythmdb.xml

or rename it:

mv ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/rhythmdb.xml ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/rhythmdb.xml.bak

And start the import again.


Best remote desktop tool(other than teamviewer)

First, you need to determine if you absolutely need a third party service like TeamViewer which requires that both your Ubuntu computer and your remote computer connect to a third party (Team Viewer) to operate.  If have a simple home network and have control of your own router, you likely don't need a third party.

Without a third party, whichever software you choose, you will need to open ports on your firewall and/or router to access that software.  I recommend only exposing SSH ports and using SSH Tunnels to access the remote desktop to minimize the number of open ports/applications exposed to the internet.  You will also need to keep track of your IP address, either manually, or by setting up Dynamic DNS.

As far as specific software solutions, VNC has been around a while and there are many flavors of it.  However you need to configure it to share your existing desktop vs creating a whole new one.  There is tightvncserver and tigervnc-standalone-server available via apt-get. This requires forwarding or tunneling port 5900 (or 5901 depending on how you configure it).  Client side, there are several VNC Viewer apps for all OS, including mobile.

I particularly like NoMachine.  Setup is easy server side, download the deb file from www.nomachine.com, install with sudo dpkg -i nomachine_X.X.X_X_amd64.deb, then start with sudo service nxserver start.  This requires forwarding or tunneling port 4000.  For the client side, they also have an installer for all major OS both mobile and desktop.


Motivated by this post on Ubuntuforums.org, I have found a solution to my issue in two steps.

Purge and reinstall network-manager-gnome:

sudo apt-get purge network-manager-gnome && sudo apt-get install network-manager-gnome

Add nm-applet to the Startup Applications (which may be found by entering "Startup Applications" in the Dash and setting the path to /usr/bin/nm-applet).

I verified that the latter step was necessary, as the indicator did not appear after login without this addition of nm-applet to the Startup Applications.


Not an answer, why run the amdgpu-pro driver? I just plugged in my RX580 and all 3 monitors were up and running.


fstab in Ubuntu Core 16 to mount external HD

use the systemd to mount a drive on Ubuntu Core 16.04:

Step 1: Identlify your uuid by using

  sudo blkid

Step 2: Using "vi" or another editor create a mount unit file for systemd to use. If you want the mount point to be "/media/data" then create the file "/etc/systemd/system/media-data.mount"

  sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/media-data.mount

Step 3: Add information about your drive to the mount unit file (media-data.mount)

[Unit]
Description=Mount unit for data

[Mount]
What=/dev/disk/by-uuid/4E1AEA7B1AEA6007
Where=/media/data
Type=ntfs
Options=umask=0000

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Step 4: reload systemd

  sudo systemctl daemon-reload

Step 5: Start the unit

  sudo systemctl start media-data.mount

Step 6: To enable auto mount do:

  sudo systemctl enable media-data.mount

Step 7: Have fun.

Information sources:

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/zesty/man5/systemd.mount.5.html

https://flexion.org/posts/2016-12-raspberry-pi-3-powered-nextcloud-box-on-ubuntu-core/


What is the windows equivalent of /usr/bin, etc

It's very interesting to know that you started out with Unix :-)

Generally, in Windows directories/folders are not organised with the same idea as they are in Unix/Linux. I normally have a "System" partition where I install Windows itself and my applications, and a "Data" partition where I keep my own data. In Post-XP Windows, this may be a bit tricky to accomplish but anything you open and close yourself can be stored in Data partition.

Back to the System partition, the default install location for any programs is "C:/Program Files" or something else that the installers will figure out itself. Under "Program Files" binaries, documentations and all supporting files are there for the programs to run. But for programs like GVIM, I would suggest you put it under C:/ and use path without spaces. And then you update %PATH. That's how I install Perl and other pure commandline tools which are more popular in Unix world. Or to be more organised you can create a folder like C:/cmdtools and put programs you install manually there.


Cannot navigate through input line and history of input lines of the program Miranda

It may be a little late for the response, but here it is.

Install rlwrap: $ sudo apt install rlwrap -y
Create a mira function inside your ~/.bashrc or default shell equivalent that's wrapped into rlwrap:

function mira() {
  rlwrap mira $1
}

Restart your terminal or run $ source ~/.bashrc.

This should be enough to enable the navigation correctly.


Since you cannot use sudo anymore, there are two things you can do:

If you have placed a root password (not your user password), use su on a terminal and you will be able to use the root account by using that password.
If you haven't placed a root password, you can reboot your system and go to Recovery mode, and open a root session.  Since you haven't placed a root password you won't be asked to enter one.  After that, type: mount -o rw,remount / and press Enter to enable read/write access to your system.

Having gained root access by either of the methods above, issue chown -R root:root /usr/bin and you should be back to business.


Ubuntu Server 12.04, NAT, Router, DNS. It just doesnt work

As far as I understand you are operating two DHCP servers on your network:

Modem with DHCP function
Server with isc-dhcp-server software

It is usually a bad idea and a source of endless trouble to have more than one and only one DHCP server.

I suggest you to try one of following scenarios A or B or C:

A. Use only the DHCP server of your modem. If forwarding and routing on your server between eth0 and eth1 is setup properly, your local clients on eth0 can use the DHCP server from the modem. You don't need isc-dhcp-server.

OR

B. If you really want using two DHCP servers, you must cut their domains. DHCP traffic must not be propagated from eth0 to eth1 or vice versa. You can do this with netfilter/iptables by droping udp packets form and to ports 67 and 68 in the FORWARD chain:

iptables -A FORWARD -p udp --sport 68 --dport 67 -j DROP

OR

C. Deactivate the DHCP server on the modem. Config your internet connection on eth1 statically. Install isc-dhcp-server on your server.


If the applications are to be used by all the user in the system, the /usr/local tree is the ideal place; no package should put files there (it is for software you are compiling yourself), but the directory /usr/local/lib is in the default path for the dinamyc loader. (see /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libc.conf).

I normally even move the /usr/local tree under /home (just by moving the directory /usr/local to /home/local, and then symlinking /usr/local -> /home/local) so that it survives a complete reinstall(1).

If the applications are just for your user, I normally create $HOME/lib, $HOME/include and then play with environment variables or compiler flags to point to them.

Footnotes

(1) I normally install / and /home on separate partitions, but this is a very personal choice.


How to make an android phone use a wi-fi hotspot created on ubuntu

Defining the problem:

Official android distributions do not show ad-hoc networks in the wifi list, but they are capable of connecting to them.

Solving the problem:

Option 1) Create an infrastructure network instead of ad-hoc, if your cart supports this mode.

Option 2) Root your device and force it to show ad-hoc networks in the wifi list by altering the network config or installing a custom ROM to it.


libqt4-dev cannot be installed and breaks package manager

It seems it conflicts with the qtchooser package:

trying to overwrite '/usr/bin/uic3', which is also in package qtchooser 0.0.1~git20121229.g8f08405-0ubuntu1~precise1~test5

I've got qt4 and qt4-dev, but no qtchooser (perhaps because I'm in 12.10). I think this package is to choose between qt3 and qt4 or qt5. If it's possible (have you got qt3? qt5?), try to disinstall qtchooser.


If you are just searching for http proxy you can try privoxy or polipo and if you are seaching for anonimity on the web you can try tor. Tor used to have torbutton plugin for firefox but seems they give their own browser. What I recommend is search for an addon to switch proxies in firefox. So what you can do is install tor.

sudo apt-get install tor

and configure polipo to work with tor:

cd /etc/polipo/
sudo wget https://gitweb.torproject.org/torbrowser.git/blob_plain/HEAD:/build-scripts/config/polipo.conf -O config

If you use chrome/chromium you can setup torbutton like setup through this

If you just want one-time proxy just install polipo or privoxy [BUT NOT BOTH]

Go to firefox > preference  > advanced > network and setup manual proxy with

ip: localhost
port: 8118


How do I use MAAS custom commissioning scripts?

What are you looking to accomplish with custom MAAS commissioning scripts? In my experience so far I have not had to load custom scripts and have made use of these examples and files in these locations installing MAAS and juju

http://maas.ubuntu.com/docs/configure.html - this link will take you to some better examples of I think what your looking for.

/usr/share/maas/preseeds/generic
/usr/share/maas/preseeds/preseed-master

Hope this helps,


I found the problem. Apparently tmux has to be installed on the node.

sudo apt-get install tmux


Did you check the PATH variable where the script is running? You need to make sure that /bin is included there, otherwise it cannot find the correct binary to execute.

Maybe can you post more information about this issue? Then it is more likely to find an answer that solves the issue.


Unable to install amavisd-new on Ubuntu 16.10

I had this issue, had to do with the FQDN of the server.

I modified the /etc/amavis/conf.d/05-node_id file.

I uncommented (removed the # before) $myhostname = "....." and inserted the FQDN.


Windows xp wont load after installing ubuntu

How did you change partitions around or did you remove a Windows primary NTFS partition?
Windows only boots from a primary NTFS partition with the boot flag. Normally all the boot files for additional installs are in that first install and later installs have no boot files. If second install is also a primary partition then it usually can be repaired to add boot files.
But if install is in sda5 that is a logical partition and not easy to boot.

Only with Windows XP can you do some work arounds and make it work, but better to have it in a primary partition sda1 thru sda4. You can also use tools to modify partition layouts to convert a logical to primary but that often depends on exact layout of existing partitions on drive. All logicals have to be together in one extended partition which counts as one of the primary partitions. And then you can only have 3 more primary partitions.


Evolution not accepting my Hotmail password

Thanks to dadexix86 I managed to fix it. I needed to open my hotmail account in a web browser and set option > mail > accounts > pop and imap to the following:

I also needed to change the settings in evolution Preference menu to use imap-mail.outlook.com server.


Users should own their own files.

Open a terminal with CTRLALTT or your preferred method

issue the command sudo chown -R *username* */path/name* where username is the name of the user you want to give ownership to and /path/name is the path to their home directory. This should resolve the vast majority of your issues.

Example sudo chown -R joe /home/joe

Once you have completed this task for all users they will be able to access all the files in (and under) their homes.

for more detail see man chown

here's an example of what you might see with the command ls-l which was requested of you.

You'll note the permissions bits in the far left column

d indicates a directory

the 1st letter is d if it's a directory, or - if it's not

r indicates read permission a - here means that permission doesn't exist (denied)

w indicates write permission a - here means that permission doesn't exist (denied)

x indicates execute permission a - here means that permission doesn't exist (denied)

these 3 are broken up into 3 sets for User, Group, and Others

The User is the owner of the files, Group is everyone belonging to the listed group (in this case the owners group) and Others is everyone else without exclusion. Unless your network is very safe and all users are trusted you need to be very careful with the Others bits.

The next field is the number of links, this is followed by the name of the owner and name of the group referred to by the aforementioned bits, then the file size, date, and filename (or directory name if it starts with a d as previously explained)

You'll note that there are 2 directories in the image above. (both start with d)

You'll note that lost+found is a directory, owned by user root of the root group which only root (the owner) has access to. That access is complete, and unrestricted in any way for user root. No other user has access to this even if they belong to the group root. you'll note the bits for group and others are all --- (or = 0)

The other directory is the home of user tvbox who owns it. tvbox (the owner) has rwx permission (complete, unrestricted). members of the group tvbox who are not the user tvbox do not have write access but can otherwise see and enter the directory. Others can also see and traverse the directory. I can change that with the chmod command. As I dont want those that aren't in the tvbox group to have access I'll issue the command chmod o-rx tvbox/ to change only the directory access or chmod -R o-rx tvbox/ to remove read and execute permissions the the tvbox folder and all files and folders within it.

After running one of the above th tvbox directory looks like this:

 drwxr-x--- 61 tvbox tvbox   12288 Feb 22 17:12 tvbox

As you can see the permissions for others are all denied (non-existent)

We can change the permissions for the group by using a g in place of the o or the user (owner) buy using a u in that location you can change them for everyone at once by stringing them together, for instance chmod ugo+rwx filename would give full access to the user, the group and all others. (illustrative -  not what you normally want) Changing to a - from a + would remove the permissions

So u = user, g = group and o = others, r = read, w = write and x=execute There's also a way to use chmod numerically. 4=read 2=write and 1=execute and you can add the numbers to obtain the desired result. chmod 776 filename would give full access to owner and group and deny others execute permission while allowing read and write. This is great shorthand for system adminstrators who need to rapidly change permissions on numerous files and directories.

The -R means recursive and it can be very dangerous to use it with any command if you aren't sure exactly what you are doing.


After some struggle, solved.
In case anyone needs, here is the answer:

Clean first:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get --purge remove

Then try to reconfigure and force debug output, this is important:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure $(dpkg -l | awk '{print $2}'|grep "^roundcube"|tr '\n' ' ')

Hmm.. this shown the error that other way isn't shown at all!

/usr/sbin/dpkg-reconfigure: roundcube-plugins is broken or not fully installed

Now, re-install that package... and works.

apt-get install roundcube-plugins


Hide a particular account from user accounts

The accounts shown in the user accounts dialog are those with a UID in the range UID_MIN to UID_MAX. System accounts are those with uids in the range SYS_UID_MIN to SYS_UID_MAX. These constants are defined in /etc/login.defs.

If you don't want an account to show up in the dialog, create it as a system account:

adduser --system [...] username

If the user account already exists, you could reassign its uid to one in the system range:

usermod --uid 999 username

Note however, that hiding an account from the user accounts dialogue buys you no security whatsoever. The exact same information can be obtained using a simple cat /etc/passwd. Obscurity is not security.


How to read file with iso-8859-1 latin1 encoding?

The latin1 encoding is "mostly" compatible with UTF-8, since both encodings are supersets of ASCII. This means that you should see normal letters (a-z) but not diacritics (é, è, and so on). Let's try to understand what is the actual encoding of your file.

First, the file command can sometimes detect the encoding. Simply use:

$ file weird_file

You could get weird_file: ISO-8859 text for latin1, weird_file: UTF-8 Unicode text for UTF-8, or something else. Now, if you determined that it is latin1, the best way to display it is actually to open an editor, like gedit, and choose the correct encoding when opening the file. If you want to convert the file to UTF-8, you can then 'Save as' and ask for UTF-8.

If you still don't know the encoding, try to open the document with Libre Office, it's usually good at detection. It's also possible that your file is corrupted (eg. UTF-8 text interpreted as latin1 and saved as UTF-8), or, more likely, that it never contained text. Feel free to upload it so that we can inspect it.


Install Ubuntu on a standard SSD or HDD, OCZ has drivers but they don't support booting under Ubuntu.

Source: http://ocz.com/consumer/download/drivers

It seems the OCZ 350 drivers will work. You may find this interesting.

Source: http://www.ocztechnologyforum.com/forum/showthread.php?98087-OCZ-RevoDrive-3-X2-Linux-driver-AVAILABLE&p=782050&viewfull=1#post782050


Landscape 19.10 - Computer Packages error

Found the issue; as we have corporate proxy servers,  the "no_proxy" environment variable was missing localhost. I think PYCurl is used behind the scenes for querying package-search service which listens on localhost; looks like it uses the http_proxy, https_proxy and no_proxy environment variables.

Used tcpdump on the lo interface when navigating to
https://landscapeurl/account/standalone/computer/3/packages. Found packets in that trace requesting name resolution for our corporate proxy servers.

Updated the no_proxy environment variable in /etc/environment bounced the server and its now working


Kubuntu 12.04 no longer associates to wireless networks

A comment provided a good solution, which may well work here (or have worked here). Even if not, it would likely work for others who have this problem and find this question.

  One thing you might try is to delete the wireless profile for your
  SSID and recreate it. So go to Kubuntu's KNetworkManager and look for
  the option to manage connections. Then delete the connection for your
  home and try to reconnect.

– Colin Matheson Dec 19 '12 at 19:59


I followed the error messages down a rabbit hole but eventually I used

ls -l /var/lib/dpkg/info | grep -I elasticsearch

and then removing those files. This solved the dpkg error 1 that kept appearing. After using sudo apt-get update elasticsearch no longer seems to be on the server.

This was the last solution posted from here https://itsfoss.com/dpkg-returned-an-error-code-1/ and you can try the other solutions first if you get a similar error of uninstalling.


Ïs /etc/init.d/transmisssion-daemon file created after transmssion daemon installed, or I should creat it myself?

That file should be installed by the transmission-daemon package. DO NOT create one yourself.

However, that particular file is also not part of a normal Transmission install anyway.


Easiest way to setup a SMTP server to receive mail?

You should definitely try iRedMail

Deploy full-featured mail server in LESS THAN 1 MINUTE, low maintenance after deployed.
Unlimited number of virtual mail domains, users, mail lists, aliases, admins.

Just download, extract and run the script.

Installation guide


Using comm, awk, users and /etc/passwd

comm -23 <(awk -F: '/\/home/ && ($3 >= 1000) {print $1}' /etc/passwd | sort ) <(users | tr ' ' '\n' | sort | uniq)

Breakdown

% awk -F: '/\/home/ && ($3 >= 1000) {print $1}' /etc/passwd
user1
user2

% users | tr ' ' '\n' | sort | uniq
user1

% comm -23 <(awk -F: '/\/home/ && ($3 >= 1000) {print $1}' /etc/passwd | sort ) <(users | tr ' ' '\n' | sort | uniq)
user2


Wifi stopped working after system update 12.04

Connect to Internet via LAN cable and run apt-get -f install to fix anything went wrong.
Check Additional Drivers for drivers and if you find it already activated; deactivate and activate again.


From the crash stacktrace I managed to work out that this is related to the Nagios update checking code. As a workaround, you can disable the update check, and Nagios should then work as normal (at least it does for me!). i.e. in /etc/nagios3/nagios.cfg set

check_for_updates=0

I've added the stacktrace and workaround to this bug report.


I configured a ZTE USB modem in Ubuntu while in Mali, but it was exactly like the Huawei ETS2055 (it's on MaliTel's CDMA towers), except for having a different Vendor ID/Product ID. I found your device on a forum thread, but I'll try to give you steps to get roughly any USB modem working in Ubuntu using your modem as an example:

Execute lsusb in the terminal to find out your modem's Vendor ID/Product ID. That forum thread indicated it's 19d2:1201 (if your device shows up with a different VID/PID, you must use the one you see in lsusb to set up your modem)
Make sure you have usb-modeswitch installed. If it's not installed, in terminal run

sudo apt-get install usb-modeswitch

or Using software center

You may also need wvdial installed, in that case in terminal run

sudo apt-get install wvdial

Or using software center
As far as I know, your device is not identified by USB Modeswitch by default. Let's start by adding it to the startup modules. Run gksudo gedit /etc/modules and add usbserial vendor=0x19d2 product=0×1201 to the end of the file
Let's add your modem to USB Modeswitch. Run gksudo gedit /etc/usb_modeswitch.d/19d2:1201 and add the following text (afterwards save and close):

 #### # t-mobile ZTE MF691  Rocket 2

 DefaultVendor= 0x19d2
 DefaultProduct= 0x1201

 TargetVendor= 0x19d2

 TargetProduct= 0x1201

 CheckSuccess=20

 MessageContent= "5553424392020000000000000000061B000000020000000000000000000000"

 #### # end

I recommend rebooting at this point. Next run this command in terminal to get your device detected immediately: sudo usb_modeswitch -H -c 19d2:1201
If your device uses a username, password and dial number for authentication, you'll have to do these steps in wvdial. In terminal run sudo wvdialconf
Now edit the generated configuration file to input your authentication info by executing gksudo gedit /etc/wvdial.conf (add your username, password and dial number and don't forget to remove the semi-colons in order to uncomment them!!)
Now do this graphically: Network Manager>Edit Connections..., then Mobile Broadband>Add, and add your modem. Once added, go to Edit to input your user name, password and dial number for authentication). Afterwards you should be able to connect from the Network Manager.
Also, always boot with the modem connected. Otherwise you may have to run the modprobe command again (that's sudo usb_modeswitch -H -c 19d2:1201

These instructions are based on past experience with the CDMA modems I configured in Mali, which I documented on my personal wiki.


When I run a sudo command it says unable to resolve host

To to resolve a host, just add it to /etc/hosts, like the example below.

Use ctrl+o to save the edits and ctrl+x to exit from Nano. Here you are and screenshot example.

In this example is assumed that the hostname (SZS in this case) is correct, but it is not bound to the server's IP address via server's hosts file.

To resolve this issue you must find (or set) your hostname and insert next line into /etc/host:

127.0.1.1    your-hostname

The commands used in the example are:

cat /etc/hostname      # the command 'cat' will print the content of '/etc/hostname' file
hostname               # without arguments, this command will do the same as above command
cat /etc/hosts         # will print the content of '/etc/hosts' file
sudo nano /etc/hosts   # 'nano' text editor will open '/etc/hosts' as root

Here you are, few more approaches and explanations:

Another answer of this question;
Another answer of similar question;
Example how to be append the hostname in /etc/hosts through single command via commandline and Example how to find your current IP address;
Bug discussion about this issue;
A brief explanation of /etc/hosts/ purpose.


Obviously, logging in as root is a terrible idea.  How are you achieving this?  Have you actually given the "root" user a password, then logged in as "root"?

Assuming this is the case (and I hope it's not), then you need to check your User Privileges.  See this question for more detail, but essentially the user will need to have "access audio devices" ticked, then log out/in.


Why don't applications respect a printer's default options?

Summary: you're probably seeing the options for the last instance in ~/.cups/lpoptions.

There are both system-wide defaults and per-user defaults.

The system-config-printer application and the CUPS web interface configure system-wide defaults. These are stored in /etc/cups/printers.conf and /etc/cups/ppd/NAME.ppd where NAME is the name of the printer. In a .ppd file, an option setting line looks like this:

*DefaultDuplex: DuplexNoTumble

The possible values for this option, which is called Duplex, are given by lines like

*Duplex None/Off: …
*Duplex DuplexNoTumble/Long-Edge Binding: …
*Duplex DuplexTumble/Short-Edge Binding: …

The part after the colon describes the commands to send to the printer to activate the setting. The part before the colon consists of a *, then the name of the option, then a space, then one or more names for the value separated by slashes (for example, “None” and “Off” mean the same thing for this particular option, you can use them interchangeably).

You can also have per-user defaults stored in a file called .cups/lpoptions in your home directory. The syntax of this file looks like this:

Dest lj/single Duplex=None
Default lj Duplex=DuplexNoTumble

A line like Dest lj/single … defines an instance called single of the printer called lj. When printing to that instance, the Duplex option is set to None. When printing to the default instance, the Duplex option is set to DuplexNoTumble (i.e. double-sided). The line Default lj … defines default options when printing to lj. These options override the system-wide defaults. The use of Default rather than Dest makes lj the default printing destination.

(You can also have a system-wide /etc/cups/lpoptions. Why have a system-wide file, which might seem redundant with the options set in the .ppd file? The difference is that if your computer acts as a print server from other computers, the .ppd file applies to all, whereas /etc/cups/lpoptions only applies when printing from the local computer.)

You can use instances to make different sets of options available under a nickname from the command line. For example, with the lpoptions file above, lp -d lj prints double-sided and lp -d lj/single prints single-sided. Instances are also visible in some GUIs, for example in the KDE print dialog.

The Gnome print dialog does not show different instances, you only get one. However, rather counter-intuitively, Gnome doesn't default to the options for plain lp, but instead picks the last instance that was mentioned in the lpoptions file. So for example, with the lpoptions file above, the default is duplex printing, but if the two lines were swapped, the default would be single-sided.

Another trap with Gnome is that it also reads the file ~/.lpoptions. This is an old location for ~/.cups/lpoptions, which the printing system doesn't read anymore since Ubuntu 12.04 or thereabouts, but which Gnome still reads as of Ubuntu 14.04. If you have one, rename it to .cups/lpoptions or delete it.


Are there any drivers I need to install to get power management to work on my HP Elitebook 820 G1 with Xubuntu 16.04

You may be affected by this bug which affected default 4.4.0 kernels in Xenial.

You can confirm your kernel version by issuing the command uname -r in the terminal. It has been reported and confirmed that this issue is resolved with the mainline kernel 4.4.11 It's my understanding that the mainline kernels may not be supported here. Before plunging into the reportedly unsupported world of mainline kernels it's recommended that you understand the implications of doing so.

If you decide to install a mainline kernel regardless the process is outlined here.

A wiser and simpler approach might be to simply check the output of apt-cache linux-image for a newer kernel version than the one you are running (above 4.4.0) and install that package.

EDIT: If the above doesn't work for you, an alternative approach would be to obtain the latest Intel Graphics Update Tool for your Ubuntu distribution and install that. Both 64-bit and 32-bit versions are available as of this moment.

Sources:

How do I update kernel to the latest mainline version?

How to update kernel to the latest mainline version without any Distro-upgrade?

Should I upgrade to the "mainline" kernels?


Can't get Ubuntu 14.04 running on Lenovo G 50-70

Lets focus on getting you connected, things will be easier then.

Wireless

The chipset of your laptop should be supported. Could you paste the output of lspci and iwconfig

Wired Ethernet

There should be a LAN port on your laptop, but it seems to have an additional cover. Have you had a look at the port between your VGA and DisplayPort. Can that be flipped open?


Ubuntu 20.04 : continious screen flicker after return from supend ( *ERROR* CPU pipe A FIFO underrun )

I was able to prevent this from happening by disabling C-States in my laptop's firmware configuration ("BIOS"). For reference, it's a Dell Latitude 5490.

Source of the solution, click here.
I had same problem.


if you run a bash script by calling it with:

bash -x yourbashscript.sh

you will see both the commands and the output give by the commands run.


Maybe running taskel, I tried this in ubuntu server (from XFCE to Unity) and I haven´t any problem. First try this with a virtual machine (I prefer virtualbox)


What version is recommended for atom based Computer?

Yes, it will run, but it won't be fast (slow CPU, little RAM, slow HDD). I'd probably also try the lightweight Xubuntu and Lubuntu.


How soon will Ubuntu update the firefox web browser?

45.0.1 is already available for the current development version of Ubuntu (16.04 beta). 45.0 is available for the current supported versions (see the package index). I'd say it's only a matter of days.


Unable to boot Ubuntu Live USB Flash Drive with casper-rw persistent partition

As mentioned in the previous comment, this is related to the bug
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/casper/+bug/1489855
"the sequence of mounting changed from root partition then persistent partition (15.04) to 1st persistent then root partition (16.04) for whatever reason."

There is a work around recently updated in the thread for the bug, which I will elaborate on below as the other thread doesn't seem to have as much visibility (comes up lower in the google search when I was trying to work it out).

Create partitions casper-rw and OS
Use universal USB installer, etc to set up the OS partition with casper-rw file large enough to be able to make changes - needed for later step to workaround bug (I did it with 2gb, but surely it requires less)
Boot up with the new USB. Open /usr/share/initramfs-tools/scripts/casper with root to edit (sudo). Change the function setup_unionfs() to the following :
https://launchpadlibrarian.net/258626969/casper%20function.txt
sudo update-initramfs -u
(Had to uninstall cryptsetup to do this)
Copy the generated initrd.img file from /boot to another location.
From another OS, delete the casper-rw file in the USB.  Copy the initrd.img back to the live partition and change menu item to use the newly built initrd.img.

The next time you boot up from USB, it should now bootup from the casper-rw partition.

This worked for me for 16.04 after a long frustrating time searching for the solution!


nvidia rtx 2080 ti - dual monitor stopped working - smi driver not loaded - ubuntu 18.04.2

In meantime I have found out that my cc and c++ refer to clang-8 and clang++-8. I used the update alternatives in order to clang the default compiler. I thought that maybe that has caused the issue. I changed the update alternatives of cc and c++ to refer to gcc-7 and g++-7. Then I removed Cuda and Nvidia with purge and reinstalled Cuda 10.0 bast on the network .deb file. Calling nvidia-smi after that lead to the correct result. I think the problem has been originally caused by cc and c++ referring to Clang.


Django installed, but can't import django in python

python is not finding django because it's not on its path. You can see the list of paths python looks for modules like this:

$ python
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path

You can import django if you find the location it is installed, and add that location to python's path, for example like this:

$ PYTHONPATH=/path/to/django/parent/dir python
>>> import django  # should work now

But your real problem is that something's wrong with your python installation. If you have installed both python AND django using apt-get, then django should certainly be on python's path without dirty hacks like above.

That said, when working with Django, your best bet is to NOT use apt-get but create a virtual environment using virtualenv (you can install virtualenv itself using apt-get), and install Django and other modules your Django site might need using pip within the virtual environment. That way you can have multiple Django projects side by side, with precisely the Python modules and versions it requires. It's just a few extra steps to do, but definitely worth it and will save you from much frustration in the future.


This option actually exists in the installer. When it comes to the partitioning section of the installation, there is an option to overwrite an existing Linux distro and replace it with the new one. Just select that and you're on your way.


It is possible to boot windows 10 from a VHD on a windows partition (NTFS/fat32) if however you have no windows formatted partitions I feel it would be difficult if not impossible to accomplish. There are a couple of kernel mode ext2/3 drivers for at least some versions of Windows, however; I don't believe that compatibility extends to the bootmgr.

As an FYI a VHD is basically a DD image with one extra block at the end which is used by Windows and other programs that understand the format.

So assuming you already have a Windows bootmgr accessible partition that you can copy/convert a DD image into a VHD and transfer the file to, it is in theory possible.

This is all in theory and I have not attempted any of the aforementioned suggestions personally. Other than running Windows 7, 8, and 10 from VHD files on a NTFS formatted partition natively.

I have previously booted to DD type images from virtualization and from grub previously however those typically where ramdisks rather than file backed disk images. I have yet to successfully attempt a grub4dos grub2 file backed winvblock/firadisk boot of Windows from a VHD/DD file. There is documentation suggestion it is possible however.

Windows 7 (Ultimate/Enterprise) Windows 8 and Windows 10 all support native VHD boot


The solution is simply not to use the nvidia-drivers but the noveau-drivers because they support xrandr.


/etc/hosts only deals with the hostname you are accessing, not the whole web address.  So to block http://youtube.com/..., you only want to specify youtube.com because that is the host.

Note that YouTube actually uses www.youtube.com (with the www) and that is considered a different hostname so you'd have to block that too.

The final thing to note is that this just blocks your ability for your DNS system to be able to look up YouTube by its hostname.  It is not securely blocking YouTube, as users may be able to look up its IP addresses some other way.  A determined user could do it.


Need help in Installing Ubuntu on Laptop with Secureboot

Short answer: No, you can't. You need to install Ubuntu 12.04.2 or 12.10 in order to install using UEFI.

Here you have 2 tutorials:

http://www.howtogeek.com/175641/how-to-boot-and-install-linux-on-a-uefi-pc-with-secure-boot/

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI

Have a nice day!


Looks like someone forgot to add a "/" to some parameter: the files start with /tmp so I would assume for now that is the directory "/tmp").

Besides that: files like this in /tmp are normal and are temporary files for instance to track user sessions.

December 30th is a long time ago so I doubt you still know what you installed back then. "bleachbit" uses these kind of file names but that is a longshot.
Check the contents of the file with "cat -v"  and see if you can track down the name of the software that made them.


Are Open Source graphics drivers better than proprietary drivers in certain applications?

Most of the open source drivers you'll find may produce better graphical output than the proprietary do. Sometimes you won't even notice a difference. And sometimes an open source driver works much worse than the proprietary one. I will not make a general recommendation on which to use, but here are some cases, in which certain drivers are better than others:

If you have a nVidia card with Optimus, you should install the open source driver from the Bumblebee Project. This is the only driver supporting Optimus on Linux. you should either install the open source driver from the Bumblebee Project, or any nVidia proprietary driver, but not the Xorg driver, as it currently doesn't support discrete graphics.
If you want to use CUDA (nVidia's stuff for executing functions on the GPU), you should use the proprietary driver.
If you want to use OpenCL (something like CUDA, developed by Khronos), you have to use the proprietary driver.

If none of these applies to you, it's up to you which driver you use. If you don't have any problems with the current driver, I wouldn't change it. You never know whether another one will even work at all. However, if you want to take the risk, try the drivers suggested in Software & Updates → Additional Drivers and find out which one works best.


I've struggled with this issue too!
I have to say I can't get a printer driver for the 305 to work on any version of Ubuntu up to the current version.
So I gave up - I know that's not what people want to hear but I did.
I have found a work around though.  The Epson 305 is a network printer with remote access - it has its own email address and it is possible to print to it by sending certain file types to this email address (.doc and .pdf for example).
So my solution is to print to a pdf file and email this to the printer.  Not as elegant perhaps but just as quick.
Scanning works the same but in reverse.  Scan on the Epson and email the result or save as a pdf onto a memory card.
You can find your printer's email address (and change it) by going on the Epson website.


apt: E: Unable to locate package postgresql-client-11

So one solution seems to be forget about the client library and just install:

 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 # apt-get install -yq postgresql

but then I get this interactive prompt and it won't accept my answer :(

but I still get:

 stderr: pg_dump: server version: 11.2; pg_dump version: 10.10 (Ubuntu 10.10-0ubuntu0.18.04.1)
 stderr: pg_dump: aborting because of server version mismatch

fml :(


Step 1: Editing Grub
When you boot your system, just stop at the Grub screen like the one below. If you don’t see this screen, keep holding Shift key at the boot time.

At this screen, press ‘E’ key to go into the editing mode.

You should see some sort of code like the one below. You should focus on the line that starts with Linux.

Step 2: Temporarily Modifying Linux kernel parameters in Grub
Remember, our problem is with the NVIDIA Graphics drivers. This incompatibility with open source version of NVIDIA drivers caused the issue so what we can do here is to disable these drivers.

Now, there are several ways you can try to disable these drivers. My favorite way is to disable all video/graphics card using nomodeset.

Just add the following text at the end of the line starting with Linux. You should be able to type normally. Just make sure that you are adding it at the end of the line.
Now it will look like this.

Step 3: Make permanent changes in Grub

Don’t be too happy yet just because you are able to login to your system now. What you did was temporary and the next time you boot into your system, your system will still freeze because it will still try to load the graphics drivers.

Does this mean you’ll always have to edit Kernel from the grub screen? Thankfully, the answer is no.

What you can do here to change the grub configuration so that the Linux kernel will not try to load the graphics driver before the display server.

To do that, open the terminal (use Ctrl+Alt+T shortcut) and then use the following command to open the grub configuration file in Gedit editor:
    sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

You’ll have to use your password to open this file. Once you have the text file opened, look for the line that contains:
    GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash".

Change this line to:
    GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset"

It should look something like this:

Save the file and update grub so that changes are taken into effect. Use this command:
    sudo update-grub


On new linux kernel 5.8rc7 in Ubuntu 20 docker will not start

Switching from iptables legacy to nftables fixed my problem. You can do that by running:
# update-alternatives --set iptables /usr/sbin/iptables-nft
# update-alternatives --set ip6tables /usr/sbin/ip6tables-nft
# update-alternatives --set arptables /usr/sbin/arptables-nft
# update-alternatives --set ebtables /usr/sbin/ebtables-nft

You can switch them back with:
# update-alternatives --set iptables /usr/sbin/iptables-legacy
# update-alternatives --set ip6tables /usr/sbin/ip6tables-legacy
# update-alternatives --set arptables /usr/sbin/arptables-legacy
# update-alternatives --set ebtables /usr/sbin/ebtables-legacy


You can easily make the driver use p2p_group_interface by enabling the RTW_P2P_GROUP_INTERFACE macro to 1 in os_dep/linux/ioctl_cfg80211.h file. I hope this helps you in some way.


How to use RDP protocol in Remote Desktop Viewer?

The versions of vinagre (the application you mention) included with all released versions of Ubuntu do not support the RDP protocol (the feature was added in 2.31.4, while Ubuntu 11.04 comes with 2.30.3).

So there are basically three options:

Wait for a new Ubuntu version with an updated version of vinagre (the next release should be sufficient).
Use some other application to connect to RDP servers such as tsclient.
Acquire an updated version of vinagre from some other source.


Back up the config file before making a change;

sudo cp /etc/vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd.conf.back

and then edit vsftpd.conf (with vi or nano)

nano /etc/vsftpd.conf

Then make the following change

  pam_service_name=ftp

Save your change and restart the ftp server (if you use nano hit CTRL+O & enter to save then CTRL+X to exit)

sudo service vsftpd restart

Source: VSFTPD configuration problems with 12.04


The issue occurs on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS. EncryptPad (QT to be precise) normally integrates with the native file manager to browse files through the GTK2 platform theme plugin. However, this Qt version (Qt5.7) has a known issue:

GTK2 plugin libqgtk2.so is missing from the installation because the Qt team have moved to GTK3 and they could not package GTK3 in 5.7.
The bug has been reported here

Quote from the link above:

  This is really an issue - it took some time to figure out why the
  native file dialog is not shown anymore with Qt 5.7 under Linux Mint
  17.3. I suggest to give others an official hint about this.

There are a few options:

Wait until Qt 5.8 in which the problem should be fixed.
Use AppImage
Mount or link the USB drive directory to a more convenient place where it could be opened from the limited Qt file manager.


Why `sudo chmod –R u-w .` does not recognices -R as an option when using dot=current dir?

It appears the text processor in question “helpfully” converted the simple dash (U+002D, hypen-minus) to an em dash (U+2013).

Many text processors have a few features that are nice for the type setting of natural language texts but a nuisance when writing formal language texts, vulgo “code”. If you want to type code (incl. terminal commands) into a text editor I suggest you use a plain text editor like Gedit1/Pluma2, Mousepad7, Leafpad3, or Kate4 for a graphical user interface or Nano5, Joe, or Vim6 for a terminal interface.

1 default in Unity (Ubuntu “vanilla”) and GNOME (Ubuntu Gnome) desktops

2 fork of Gedit, default in MATE desktop (Ubuntu MATE)

3 default in LXDE desktop (Lubuntu)

4 default in KDE desktop (Kubuntu)

5 default in all Ubuntu editions

6 Vim “tiny” (a. k. a. vi) is default in Ubuntu “vanilla” Desktop and Ubuntu Server

7 default in Xfce desktop (Xubuntu)


Properties pie chart of external hard drive does not update

I needed to empty my thrash can before the files were really deleted from the hard drive


"Filesystem check or mount failed" error. How to fix without harming Windows?

Your best (and simplest) course of action is to boot into recovery mode and select the "fsck – check all filesystems" option from the recovery menu (in step 7 of the linked article, instead of the "root shell" option).


17.04. boot.log doesn't log everything on screen

Your ubuntu release uses systemd (as do all releases since 15.04.)

systemd relies on journald for logging and the log can be accessed using journalctl.

For your particular use, journalctl -b should show the information you want.


How to integrate a package updates in Ubuntu?

You then want to setup an APT repository:

https://wiki.debian.org/HowToSetupADebianRepository

http://www.hadrons.org/~guillem/debian/mini-dak/

If you don't want to maintain the infrastructure yourself, you can register an account on launchpad and create your own PPA. It should be free as long as the project is open source.

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+ppas

After the repository is created, you have to add it to your APT sources:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/CommandLine


On a computer install Ubuntu onto a usb drive.
Boot onto the drive.
Click on install Ubuntu.
Continue through the installer until you get to something like this:

You want the one that says "Erase Ddisk and install Ubuntu".

Click install now!


Fix Ubuntu 20.10 GRUB error installing.Fatal error

I fixed it following the tutorial posted in the body of the question. Correcting the /etc/fstab scheme with my hard drive partitions and rebooting. The Graphic system crashing in the boot up seems to be a Kubuntu known issue. Thancks to everyone.


How can I delete everything off of my SSD hard drive, or namely the grub loader?

IF your trying to delete everything, why not use

$sudo gparted

to simply reformat? That would get rid of everything... period.

Also ROFS might refer to the medium that the live distro is written/burned/saved on (I could be wrong).


What is battery performance like on the Nexus 7 when running Ubuntu?

Preliminary testing has shown comparable battery life. There are plans for more rigorous testing in the near future. Stay Tuned!!


Zoom in on small photos without losing pixel crispness

Silly me; there's an option in eog for smoothing images when zoomed in and out...

I guess this just goes to show that over thinking something makes you look stupid when you fail to find the obvious...
However, I'll leave the question here so others can benefit if they made the same blunder I did.


You still need to make the folder readable by others. You can right click on the file (depending on which file manager you are using, this will look different), and choose "Properties", then under "permissions", allow the folder to be read by others.


How can I find the version number of an installed package via dpkg?

dpkg -s <packagename> | grep '^Version:'

e. g.:

dpkg -s network-manager | grep '^Version:'

Sample output:

Version: 0.8.1+git.20100810t184654.ab580f4-0ubuntu2


You expect a traditional desktop but as far as I loosly followed KDE since 4.x is no such thing, they even considered desktop icons to be obsolete in the first 4.x releases.

  As Plasma Desktop treats the user interface differently than a traditional desktop, there may be confusion as to what the Plasma Desktop is, what it does, and how to perform common tasks.

https://userbase.kde.org/Plasma/HowTo/4.5

There are at least two ways depending on the widget you use to display icons. Here are the animations that explain how it's done and what the results look like, there is no text version apparently.


Bring Windows XP to the last option instead of first option

You can use Grub customizer:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

Now open Grub Customizer and change the order.


Unable to install openjdk6 due to unmet dependencies

Suggest the following

sudo apt-get clean

then

sudo apt-get update

then

sudo apt-get install openjdk-6-jre

From the man page: " clean clears out the local repository of retrieved package files. It removes everything but the lock file from /var/cache/apt/archives/ and
           /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/."

If this doesn't solve your problem, please post the contents of /etc/apt/sources.list

(EDIT): Your sources.list looks fine. Try sudo apt-get install -f && apt-get install openjdk-6-jre . The -f flag to apt-get install stands for 'Fix', i.e. attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place. This option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages to permit APT to deduce a likely solution.


Ubuntu 16.04LTS does not boot after package `upstart-sysv` is installed

Maybe you missed this: With the Upstart package in place and the Systemd one removed, you’ll need to update the Ubuntu system to reflect the changes you’ve made before restart.

sudo update-initramfs -u

don't know if it is possible but you could try to start on recovery mode and restore systemd.

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-standard systemd-sysv
sudo update-initramfs -u
sudo reboot

Hope this can help you


how to know about a package as its a main package or dependecies to other package ?

Use apt-rdepends

Once installed

sudo apt-get install apt-rdepends

you can use it to show all packages that depend on the package you are wondering about.

For example, if you want to know all of the packages that depend on xorg, and their state, simply do

apt-rdepends -r xorg -p

and it will return the following

tmashos@tmashos-wks:~$ apt-rdepends -r xorg -p
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
xorg
  Reverse Depends: kubuntu-active (1.7) [NotInstalled]
  Reverse Depends: kubuntu-desktop (1.254) [NotInstalled]
  Reverse Depends: ltsp-client (5.3.7-0ubuntu2) [NotInstalled]
  Reverse Depends: lubuntu-core (0.38) [NotInstalled]
  Reverse Depends: mythbuntu-desktop (0.77) [NotInstalled]
  Reverse Depends: ubuntu-desktop (1.267) [Installed]
  Reverse Depends: ubuntu-sugar-remix (0.5) [NotInstalled]
  Reverse Depends: ubuntustudio-desktop (0.100) [NotInstalled]
  Reverse Depends: xubuntu-desktop (2.152) [NotInstalled]
kubuntu-active
kubuntu-desktop
  Reverse Depends: edubuntu-desktop-kde (12.02.1) [NotInstalled]
  Reverse Depends: kubuntu-full (1.254) [NotInstalled]
  Reverse Depends: kubuntu-netbook (1.254) [NotInstalled]
edubuntu-desktop-kde
kubuntu-full
kubuntu-netbook
ltsp-client
lubuntu-core
  Reverse Depends: lubuntu-desktop (0.38) [NotInstalled]
lubuntu-desktop
mythbuntu-desktop
ubuntu-desktop
  Reverse Depends: edubuntu-desktop (12.02.1) [NotInstalled]
edubuntu-desktop
ubuntu-sugar-remix
ubuntustudio-desktop
xubuntu-desktop
tmashos@tmashos-wks:~$

You can see that xorg is installed because I have ubuntu-desktop installed. It also shows what depends on ubuntu-desktop (edubuntu-desktop). Since I don't have edubuntu-desktop installed, you can see that ubuntu-desktop is the top level.


Changing the Ubuntu 13.10 Ambiance Colours

doug's answer is good but it's overkill.  You can actually copy /usr/share/themes/Ambiance into your ~/.themes directory and then edit Ambiance just for your user.


A script for moving files from subdirs to parent dir

You can use:

find test/*/* -type d | xargs -n1  sh -c 'echo mv -b ${0}/* "$( dirname ${0})" ";" rm -rvf ${0} '

It will just print Output on screen as below :

mv -b test/1/B/file1 test/1/B/file2 test/1/B/file3 test/1 ; rm -rvf test/1/B
mv -b test/1/C/file1 test/1/C/file2 test/1/C/file3 test/1 ; rm -rvf test/1/C
mv -b test/2/B/file1 test/2/B/file2 test/2/B/file3 test/2 ; rm -rvf test/2/B
mv -b test/2/C/file1 test/2/C/file2 test/2/C/file3 test/2 ; rm -rvf test/2/C
mv -b test/3/B/file1 test/3/B/file2 test/3/B/file3 test/3 ; rm -rvf test/3/B
mv -b test/3/C/file1 test/3/C/file2 test/3/C/file3 test/3 ; rm -rvf test/3/C
mv -b test/4/B/file1 test/4/B/file2 test/4/B/file3 test/4 ; rm -rvf test/4/B
mv -b test/4/C/file1 test/4/C/file2 test/4/C/file3 test/4 ; rm -rvf test/4/C
mv -b test/5/B/file1 test/5/B/file2 test/5/B/file3 test/5 ; rm -rvf test/5/B
mv -b test/5/C/file1 test/5/C/file2 test/5/C/file3 test/5 ; rm -rvf test/5/C

If output looks OK then you can simply append  | sh at the end of that command, then it will run command which is shows in output.


I think you should try starting the gui first by using the command sudo startx.


In Ubuntu package search: https://packages.ubuntu.com/groovy/gimp-plugin-registry please select [list of fies] https://packages.ubuntu.com/groovy/amd64/gimp-plugin-registry/filelist
Search for resynthesizer. It is not in the list of provided plugins.
EDIT: As we see in the list of files, plugings are installed in /usr/share/gimp/2.0/scripts/. We can list them all with the command:
ls /usr/share/gimp/2.0/scripts/

We can search for resynthesizer with:
ls /usr/share/gimp/2.0/scripts/ | grep resynth


Ubuntu 16.04 Unity solid black panel instead of being transparent

I was able to solve this using following commands

unity-tweak-tool --reset-unity
dconf reset -f /org/compiz
setsid unity

First command is reseting all settings back to default in unity-tweak-tool, second command is reseting compiz to default and finally last command is restarting unity.


How do i write a terminal script to setup ubuntu for me instead of spending days every time?

You can write a command script with editor vi or vim.
Files shall be executable. Make them with   "chmod a+x File"
Put your scripy in directory where system path is located.
In Terminal you find path with : echo  $PATH.


It turns out Samba was no longer connecting because smbv1 wasn't enabled I hope this helps anyone else with the issue


Installation problems of Ubuntu via virtualBox in my windows 7 64 bit

Please go through this link
https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=62615#p292873
Seems the same follows with you too


What is the difference between kde-standard and kubuntu-desktop and installing kubuntu

*ubuntu-desktop and other similar packages allows to switch distro entirely. that's it, from Lubuntu or Ubuntu, you can turn your distro to Kubuntu by doing sudo apt install kubuntu-desktop the equivalent reverse operations also works.

plasma-desktop is another meta package, which would allow someone on Ubuntu, Xubuntu or Lubuntu to install the full plasma-desktop

plasma-workspace is more minimal, its only the basic packages to run the desktop without the KDE family applications. kwin+plasma+krunner are the 3 main process running

so if you have installed Ubuntu/Xubuntu and you want to try Kubuntu without reinstalling. You can ! didn't I just made your day?

have fun


Yes, IPSec in transport mode will fit your needs quite nicely and has no problem with multiple clients with dynamic addresses.  In my experience, it is also faster and more efficient than other protocols, and once set up, never requires manual connect/disconnect actions when you want access to the server.  The down side though, is that I have yet to find any decent configuration tools so figuring out how to set it all up on the command line can be a bit of a PITA.

You will need to install the IKE client/server daemon racoon and configure it so that when clients want to connect, they can call up the IKE server, provide suitable authentication ( password, RSA, or x.509 ), and generate and configure the session key.

See http://www.ipsec-howto.org/


Although @Melebius has already mentioned that this is not specific to Ubuntu and you should ask the question at appropriate forum. However I will still try help you here (writing a script, which should be acceptable on this forum).

Most of the routers also support DHCP. So at first you can set your computer to acquire an IP address using DHCP. Then run the following script. This will give you all the IP addresses which are currently in use. However there is no way to know all the IP addresses allotted by the router, unless you are the system administrator / access to the router configuration (in such case the answer is trivial).

For the script, first create a conf file listing all possible IPs you suspect (one per line), say pinglan.conf and put it in $HOME/bin.

Then run the following script:

#!/bin/bash

#< Configurable script to ping my LAN

if [ "$#" -ne 0 ]; then
   echo "Usage: `basename $0`" && exit 1
fi

_TEMP_FILE=$HOME/tmp/pinglan.$$

trap 'rm -f $_TEMP_FILE; tput reset;  exit 1' 1 2 3 15

clear

_GREEN=`tput setf 2`
_RED=`tput setf 4`
_BLUE=`tput setf 1`

while read line
do
  _IP_ADDR=`echo $line | awk -F : '{ print $1 }'`
  _HOST_NAME=`echo $line | awk -F : '{ print $2 }'`
  ping -w 1 $_IP_ADDR > $_TEMP_FILE 2>&1
  grep "bytes from" $_TEMP_FILE > /dev/null 2>&1
  if [ "$?" -eq 0 ]; then # host is up
    echo "${_GREEN}$_HOST_NAME ($_IP_ADDR) is UP"
  else
    echo "${_RED}$_HOST_NAME ($_IP_ADDR) is DOWN"
  fi
    done < $HOME/bin/pinglan.conf

echo -e "\n\n${_BLUE}Press enter to continue..."
read dummy
# tput reset

rm -f $_TEMP_FILE
exit 0

Note:

This code is not my original, but have been with me for years and I have modified to my needs! Dont have the original source. Thanks to the o

Hope this helps!

-- Mike


Can not access windows 8 drive from Ubuntu

When you turn off the computer using Windows 8, the system actually hibernate, and the windows partition is marked as being used. That prevents other OSes to access the data on the partition. Try to reboot the computer (not turn off) from windows 8, enter ubuntu and access the windows partition


Fixed this problem by adding GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="radeon.dpm=0 radeon.aspm=0 radeon.bapm=0 radeon.runpm=0"   in  /etc/default/grub


My computer stops working after I choose install ubuntu 13.04

haha,
Sorry to laugh first off (more of a giggle really) but I just finished a 4 WEEK stretch with the same issue. I know you pain (if you have formatted at LEAST 10 times with various options).

Disable secure boot. Install.
Enable secure boot. Install.
There should be an option menu after pressing a key during boot up that gives various devices to boot from
(Selecting the option with EFI: / UEFI: disables secure boot)

Fix for me: Download and run boot repair.
This is also included in ubuntu-secure-remix (non-official ubuntu)

I wish you the best of luck.


You are using 64-bit Ubuntu
You can try this to install 32 lib to run 32bit app in ubuntu 64bit

sudo apt-get install lib32z1 lib32ncurses5 lib32bz2-1.0


Swich over from tab to another in terminal tab

Check the shortcuts of your terminal emulator, make sure Alt+1 and friends are not bound to the action of switching tabs.

Alternatively, you can press ESC followed by the given number in irssi, instead of using the Alt modifier.


Getting access denied when trying to copy & paste files

You're not the root user. In some Linux distros, you are root by default and have to set up other users (because being root is bad practice for security reasons) yourself. In Ubuntu, the user you create during installation is a user with rights to run all commands using the sudo program.

This means you can do pretty much anything you want, but you need to use sudo to elevate permissions temporarily when you want to do something that requires root permission, such as writing to system directories of which your user is not the owner. The sudo program allows you to run commands as root

Therefore, to copy a file to a directory you don't own and that does not have permission for you to write to, you could run (in a terminal, open one with Ctrl+Alt+T)

sudo cp /path/to/file /path/to/destination

Or to use a graphical browser:

sudo -i      # to open a root shell
nautilus     # or caja or dolphin or whatever program you use

do your thing, and when done, enter

exit

in the terminal, to drop privileges.