The problem was not really (I guess) the drivers but Ubuntu didn't detected my monitor is supporting any resolution higher then 1024x768.

I first installed the correct driver with:

sudo apt-get install mesa-utils

Then when you go to "details" from the unity launcher, you'll see "Intel® Ivybridge Desktop" as driver for your graphics card. I also tried kernel 3.3.7 as suggested by some others but with no succes and also I am getting system failures with that kernel. Then kernel I currently use is:

uname -a
3.2.0-26-generic

Then I tried to get it working by adding a xorg.conf file in the /etc/X11/ directory but with no succes (it looked like it didn't take any effect). I did that after reading this page.

Finally I tried to add a new mode with the xrandr tool and that worked. I created a .xprofile file in my home dir with the contents below and now after booting my Ubuntu the resolution is perfect.

My .xprofile content:

cvt 1440 900 60
xrandr --newmode "1440x900_60.00"  106.50  1440 1528 1672 1904  900 903 909 934 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --addmode VGA1 "1440x900_60.00"
xrandr --output VGA1 --mode "1440x900_60.00"

Note: Just can't just copy the above content. It depends on what you have connected (DVI, HDMI, VGA0/1, etc and which resolution you want to run.


Are the results of the system-check taken by "checkbox-gtk" public? Where can I watch them?

Check out Ubuntu Friendly, the results are incorporated into that database.


How to use my MacBook Pro to remotely access my PC running Ubuntu at home?

As mentioned by Nick, TeamViewer is a great general purpose Remote Desktop application. I Also like Chrome Remote Desktop. Both of these solutions are available on most platforms including Mac and Ubuntu, and tend to be reliable.

Regarding your need to set up a VPN remotely, I've never attempted to do that personally. I would not expect a remote desktop application to smoothly transition from a regular connection to a VPN connection, but you likely shouldn't have trouble re-connecting after starting the VPN. I don't have much experience with VPN services though, so I could be wrong.


Why is the CPU % sort indicator backwards in System Monitor application?

The arrow indicates the direction of the sort, starting with zero.

If the arrow points down, it'll start from 0 and go up as you go down the list.

If the arrow points up, it'll start from the highest and work its way to zero.  Or another way of thinking of it is that it'll start from the bottom at zero and work its way up.


Malayalam unicode support in terminal - Ubuntu 16.04 minimal

Install Google Noto Fonts for Malayalam. That might help

https://www.google.com/get/noto/#sans-mlym

Also, do you have any Malayalam fonts installed already ?

SMC has a repo for Ubuntu. See if it makes any difference

https://launchpad.net/~smcproject/+archive/ubuntu/repo


How can I compile Shotwell to be able to use the faces feature?

The Faces feature was #ifdef'd out of the source until Yorba could add a little more functionality to Shotwell to make it truly useful -- see Bugzilla - Upload faces to facebook and Bugzilla - Face detection.  However, as we continued developing other features for Shotwell, the Faces code broke, so there's no way to build Shotwell with Faces support from trunk; see http://redmine.yorba.org/issues/4518

As you mentioned, a patch was made available at git://github.com/playya/shotwell.git.  When I build and run Shotwell using this branch, I see the Faces feature and it appears to work.  Here's how I did it:

$ git clone git://github.com/playya/shotwell.git shotwell-faces
$ cd shotwell-faces
$ ./configure --define=ENABLE_FACES
$ make
$ ./shotwell

It appears you can also use ./configure --enable-faces, but I tried the above way first and it appeared to work.

Note that you can run Shotwell directly from the build directory.  However, to make it available on your desktop and integrate with Nautilus and so forth, you'll need to do this:

$ sudo make install

To see the Faces button, open a photo (double-click on it).  It's only available in the photo editor.

Warning: This fork has not been reviewed by Yorba yet.  We can make no promises when the Faces feature will be fully integrated into Shotwell.  There are other risks using the playya fork, including losing the ability to upgrade your database later.  I recommend backing up your database before using it: http://redmine.yorba.org/projects/shotwell/wiki/ShotwellFAQ#How-can-I-back-up-my-Shotwell-library


Bluetooth adapter not found in HP Pavillion 15-e015tx ubuntu 14.04 LTS

i'm using the same laptop. i to faced so many issues with Ubuntu14.04.
later the release of Ubuntu 15.10. i had installed 64bit version on my lab all my problem are solved. now it works good sorry for my bad english. if you have time just check and let me know thank you


Why was the mongodb-dev package removed from Ubuntu after 14.04?

If you look a bit closely, the package in Debian sid is for version 2.4.14. Ubuntu has moved on to version 2.6.x in the meantime. The changelog has a note on mongodb-dev:

- d/control,mongodb-dev.*: Drop mongodb-dev package; it has no reverse
  dependencies and upstream no longer install header files.

Seems like the package no longer has any use.


Boot from a live Ubuntu CD or Live Usb,Then install Boot Repair by following steps:

Install Boot-Repair on ubuntu by following steps

Open the terminal and run the following commands

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install boot-repair

After completing the installation you can launch it from System->Administration->Boot-Repair menu if you use Gnome, or search "boot-repair" in the dash if you use Unity. Then follow the following screenshots:

Method 1

Click on the advanced options

Tick the options shown below

Change the tab to Grub Location Tab and Tick The options Shown in the figure

Press Apply and Reboot the system

Method 2

Select the recommended Boot repair options as shown in the first screenshot


I recently started having this. It was caused by Tomboy, the note taking program. For some reason it causes the shutdown to become very slow (I see the desktop for 10 or 15 seconds before it really shuts down).

I now no longer let Tomboy start at login and the problem is gone.

added - This is a known bug: Bug #880290 Tomboy causing delay on logout or shutdown


I found out the problems. The FileZilla automatically rename ".htaccess" to " .htaccess" when upload from my local to server. I don't know why it add a space into the filename but rename the file fix it.


A lot of graphic resume problems could be solved by doing the suspend/resume from the virtual console, so that after the resume a "refresh" is forced by the graphic drivers.

Check if the system suspend correctly from a virtual console:

switch to a virtual console with CtrlAltF1
login with your user and password
suspend the system (either using the suspend key-combo for your system, or issuing the command sudo /usr/sbin/pm-suspend)
resume -> you should have a working prompt (exactly the same screens as before), otherwise see FAIL
switch to the graphic console with  CtrlAltF7
if all is ok, problem solved! You can follow the instruction below (from this answer)  to make the switch automatic; otherwise, see FAIL

If something is still wrong...

FAIL: So the problem is another one --- I do not have that laptop so I can't really help a lot more. Maybe studying the content of file /var/log/pm-suspend.log can shed some light.

How to make the switch automatic

edit/create the file

gksudo gedit /etc/pm/sleep.d/01_switchvt
Put  this content in it:

#!/bin/sh

# Switch to a VC before suspending and back after resume

case "$1" in
    resume|thaw)
        chvt 7
    ;;
    suspend|hibernate)
        chvt 1
    ;;
esac

save and exit
make it executable:

sudo chmod 755 /etc/pm/sleep.d/01_switchvt

Notice in step 2, most of the installations will need the command chvt 7 --- this is the same as pushing ctrl-alt-F7 to go back to the graphic screen. If you need another key combo, change the "7" there accordingly.


Problem solved !!!

Updated the nVidia driver to version 304.60.

I think it has the fix for the bug in version 304.51.

Now the dash bar works fine. :D


how to access a file with restricted permissions using a diffrent software?

I hope it's the public key you want to upload ...

Every user (including the software a user is running) has read access to his ssh keys.
Private key should have -rw-------, public key should have -rw-r--r--.

You might want to fix your setup.

If you cannot fix your setup you can alternatively copy the file to some temporary location. Change its permissions, upload the file and remove the temporary copy again:

sudo cp /path/to/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/Desktop
sudo chmod a+r ~/Desktop/id_rsa.pub

# Upload file

sudo rm ~/Desktop/id_rsa.pub


Try to purge the drivers to default state

sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx fglrx-amdcccle
sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx-updates fglrx-amdcccle-updates

Then reboot and see if the problem remains. Than you can try reinstall the drivers using terminal https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/ATI


Virtualbox guest won't run - Ubuntu 16.04

Well...
I fixed it by going outside of Ubuntu and install a newer version of VirtualBox.

@user535733 pointed out I may not have "updates" turned on... I didn't.

Thanks for the suggestions!


Why Are My Window Buttons Not Moving to the Left?

I found the solution in this Ask Ubuntu answer:

For me, changing the setting with gnome-tweaks correctly changed gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences button-layout but nautilus and other gnome apps weren't affected.

I then did

gsettings get org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings overrides

(gotten from that other question / answer) and sure enough it showed

('Gtk/ShellShowsAppMenu': <0>, 'Gtk/DecorationLayout': <'menu:minimize,maximize,close'>}

I then changed it to:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings overrides "{'Gtk/ShellShowsAppMenu': <0>, 'Gtk/DecorationLayout': <'close,minimize,maximize,menu:'>}"

and now it works as I want it to.


How to get previous behaviour of alt-tab task switcher in 11.10?

Although this isnt exactly alt+tab, do you know about super+w? it shows all the apps that are running.


Where exactly are programs and files saved on a non-persistent live system?

The live system that comes with the Ubuntu ISO is an Ubuntu installation in a compressed file called filesystem.squashfs. This file has a filesystem of SquashFS1 which is comparable to the ISO filesystem of CDs & DVDs, which can be mounted and used.2
This file is in the /casper/ directory of the CD. You can even mount this file same way you can mount ISO files.
This file gets mounted and loaded into memory during boot to be used as a live system. But the full file doesn't get loaded at once, but only the required portions/programs on-demand.
A Live System can create/change files of the media with the help of a Persistent File. The persistent file used in Ubuntu is named casper-rw and contain filesystem like ext3 or ext4 which are writable. In a bootable USB, this reside in the root of the drive.
This casper-rw persistence file is union mounted as a overlay filesystem, which means both the read-only filesystem.squashfs and read/writable casper-rw are mounted on /. Any files that are changed or created are saved in this writable filesystem of casper-rw. Thus effectively creating the illusion that the Live CD is writable, where actually they aren't.
So, answering your questions -

Where are these files actually saved?

Answer given above.

Are they loaded into the RAM, so the maximum available memory for the live system is actually the RAM capacity of the machine?

I suppose, by memory you are referring the Space. Your question is  "So the maximum available space for the live system is acutally the RAM capacity of the machine"?
No. Maximum available Storage for a Live System is the size of the Persistent File (If there is any) + Swap Space (If they exists already) + RAM (It it needs to be used as Storage until reboot)

Are installed programs stored in the CPU cache or somewhere else entirely?

If you install program in Live system without a Persistent File, those will be in your Memory. If you Reboot, all will be lost. However, if you're using casper-rw persistent file, those will be saved in that file and will be available after next reboot (Provided that you didn't delete that file)

Or is that information possibly written on empty space of the CD medium?

No, It doesn't write on the CD Medium. As explained in the previous answer.
Hope you get your answers.

Notes:

SquashFS - It is a read-only file system that lets you compress whole file systems or single directories, write them to other devices/partitions or to ordinary files, and then mount them directly (if a device) or using a loopback device (if it is a file). Source

You can mount it using commands like sudo mount ./filesystem.squashfs /mnt -o loop

Union mounting is a way of combining multiple directories into one that appears to contain their combined contents. Source


The first error seems to indicated that Network Manager is already using wlan0 (in addition to wpa_supplicant and the other processes).

You don't have an interface called mon0, so that's why you get the second error.

You should be able to use aircrack if you don't use wifi via Network Manager (you can try stopping network manager and then running the command).  Note that if Network Manager is not running, you have to handle the wifi configuration yourself.

You could also try adding a virtual interface to your wireless phy with iw.
To do this, look at the output of "iw phy".  My wifi card is phy0, so:

"sudo iw phy phy0 interface add mon0 type monitor"

Then retry the second command.

You can get an idea of what your card supports with "iw phy phy0 info".  Again, replace phy0 with the correct argument.  Check that it supports monitor mode if you have problems adding a monitor interface.

I noticed you have a broadcom card, so monitor should be supported.  You can check your wifi card support here http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers


How to update HP ProBook 4520s BIOS in Ubuntu?

1- Go to http://welcome.hp.com/country/us/en/support.html and find your product. The BIOS can be downloaded as an exe file, such as sp40578.exe.

2- Install the package 'cabextract'

3- Type 'cabextract <filename> --filter ISO/rom.iso'
and you'll get a directory 'ISO' with a file rom.iso

4- Burn the iso to a CD.

5- Reboot the pc from this CD and follow instructions.


Fast PDF reader that remembers the last viewed page

KDE's Okular viewer does remember the last reading position, but it is not necessarily lightweight, especially if you don't use KDE software at the moment and need all the dependencies just for this one tool.


it seems it is looking for devices from opensoundsystem (OSS). this was the predecessor from alsa.  If pulseaudio is in use start your programm with
padsp
Maybe you have to install
pulseaudio-utils

first.


What is this executable /usr/bin/bsd-mailx?

The symlinks are a normal part of the "alternatives" system used by the packaging system.  In some cases, the same commands are provided by multiple packages.  To handle this, each package installs their version of the command with a unique name and the common command name is symlinked to one of the versions.  The symlinks can be updated using the update-alternatives utility.

Now rather than directly symlinking from /usr/bin/mail to /usr/bin/bsd-mailx, the connection is made through a second symlink in /etc/alternatives.  This allows different systems that share a common /usr but separate /etc to pick different alternatives.


[0-99] is the same as [0-9], [0-100] means [01]. [...] defines a character class, you can't use longer strings there.

To solve your original question, you can use a loop:

for i in {0..99} ; do
    grep "some string" file-"$i" > processed-"$i"
done

Or, if not all the possible input files exist, you can extract the suffix from the file name:

for file in file-* ; do
    suffix=${file##*-}
    grep "some string" "$file" > processed-"$suffix"
done


Why BIOS isn't recognizing USB drive during installation?

you may enter the bios and chose the boot device and then save the bios setting and reboot.Though you do not really need to change the boot priority.In fact my samsung laptop always come across this phenomena,it's my solution.It seems that by entering the bios and pretending to change and save the bios setting can make the computer recognizing the usb device.


That program is lsof ("List open files").

If you just open a Terminal and type lsof, you get a huge list of all open files, instead, limit it to one command by doing:
 lsof -c gnome-terminal

You can also restrict your search to a specific directory by typing
 lsof -c gnome-terminal -a +D /tmp

Or list all open files in one specific directory, including what application has opened it:
 lsof /dev/urandom

Remember that some processes are started by the superuser root, you may need to put sudo in front of your command to get more information about such processes' open files.
To narrow down your search, you can grep specific lines, i.e.:
lsof /dev/urandom | grep chrome

The FD (File Descriptor) column of the output gives you information about the purpose of the program opening the file (not necessarily what's happening to it at the moment):

r means the file is opened for reading

w means the file is opened for writing

u means the file is opened for both reading and writing

For more details, consult the manual page (man lsof). Also, if you need to look up any of the files and directories, the Linux Filesystem Hierarchy Standard is very helpful.


Installing Nvidia 450 graphics driver in Ubuntu 20.04

Remove all the nvidia packages.
sudo apt update
sudo apt remove '^nvidia'
sudo apt autoremove

If you have added an Nvidia PPA to /etc/apt/sources.list remove that PPA by prefacing its line in sources.list with a # to comment it out. Run sudo apt update to refresh the list of available software.

Reboot with sudo reboot

Run the following commands to install the Nvidia 450 driver.
sudo apt install nvidia-driver-450
sudo reboot

After you have installed the nvidia-driver-450 graphics driver in Ubuntu 20.04 it may be updated from nvidia-driver-450 to nvidia-driver-460 by the normal software update activity.
As an alternative to step 4 you can let the ubuntu-drivers program automatically select the proprietary Nvidia packages that are most compatible with your GPU instead of guessing which Nvidia driver packages to install. To install the Nvidia proprietary driver this way run the following command instead of the commands in step 4.
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall && sudo reboot


For the libmicrohttpd folder you need to run autoreconf -fi

You'll need to have autoconf, libtool and texinfo installed as well before running autoreconf -fi.

This should generate a correct configure file

However "IOKit" and "CoreFoundation" are specific MacOS libraries.  My suggestion is to look at the Makefile - you will probably find that you have to comment out specific MacOS lines and uncomment out lines to allow you to compile for Linux.


.xsession-errors file is huge. How can I disable?

There is a file called /etc/X11/Xsession.
Which will create the symlink to a tmp file.
IE. Starts on line number 61

ERRFILE=$HOME/.xsession-errors

# attempt to create an error file; abort if we cannot
if (umask 077 && touch "$ERRFILE") 2> /dev/null && [ -w "$ERRFILE" ] &&
  [ ! -L "$ERRFILE" ]; then
  chmod 600 "$ERRFILE"
elif ERRFILE=$(tempfile 2> /dev/null); then
  if ! ln -sf "$ERRFILE" "${TMPDIR:=/tmp}/xsession-$USER"; then
    message "warning: unable to symlink \"$TMPDIR/xsession-$USER\" to" \
             "\"$ERRFILE\"; look for session log/errors in" \
             "\"$TMPDIR/xsession-$USER\"."
  fi
else
  errormsg "unable to create X session log/error file; aborting."
fi

You can cp this Xsession file to Xsession.bak. Then go a head and point your ERRFILE to /dev/null IE. Line 83

exec >> /dev/null 2>&1


ubuntu is not booting it directly goes to windows 8

you most likely still have secure boot enabled.  depending on the computer's bios, the secure boot sets default hardware and an OS too boot to, so with this still enabled you can't boot anything else.  You need to reopen your Bios menu, and make sure that that is turned off.  Also, make sure to check your boot order so that windows boot manager comes after any ubuntu entries.  if you can't access your boot menu on startup, you can reach it using windows 8, by accessing the settings menu for  refresh/restore, and go from there.


You can install  mkvtoolnix;

sudo apt-get install mkvtoolnix

Then use mkvmerge from the installation to mux audio and video into the mkv container from the command line.

There is also a Gui tool, mkvtoolnix-gui that is a front end to mkvtoolnix.

sudo apt-get install mkvtoolnix-gui

Example to mux video file called, input-video.mkv with a sound file called soundfile.mp3, creating a new muxed mkv file called output-with-sound.mkv, do the following in the directory where you have the video without audio and the audio file:

mkvmerge -o output-with-sound.mkv -A input-video.mkv soundfile.mp3

More examples including synchronization  here: http://www.bunkus.org/videotools/mkvtoolnix/doc/mkvmerge.html


Most of launchers for programs that appear in menus/launcher/dash  can be found in /usr/share/applications:

the menu/dash program searches their for launchers. Each user can also have their own launchers in ~/.local/share/applications.
The actual files end with the .desktop extension, and have something like the following contents:
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Firefox
GenericName=Web Browser
Comment=Browse the Web
Exec=firefox %u
Icon=firefox
Terminal=false
Type=Application
MimeType=text/html;text/xml;application/xhtml+xml;application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml;text/mml;x-scheme-handler/http;x-scheme-handler/https;
StartupNotify=true
Categories=Network;WebBrowser;
Keywords=web;browser;internet;
X-Desktop-File-Install-Version=0.21

Note the exec line indicated what command to execute (in /usr/bin or somewhere else in the user's $PATH) - other information is also included, such as the icon to use (by default from /usr/share/icons, also from ~/.local/share/icons), name, category, etc.
Launchers can also be hidden using NoDisplay/Hidden, mutiple version can also be in place, each with different configuration (e.g. the three Banshee launchers above)
You can also create your own launchers, and read the specification of .desktop files here


You can specify which adapter samba can bind :

in /etc/samba/smb.conf

add the following under global section :

[global]
    interfaces =  ( choose your adapter maybe wlan0 )
    bind interfaces only = yes

The interface you write will be used by samba , you can specify more than one Adapter.


The highest screen resolution of 1366 x 768 in Systems Settings -> Displays is correct. The Dell Latitude E7240 Notebook comes with a display with a resolution of 1366 x 768 pixels and a screen size of 12.5 inches. Even with the screen resolution set to 1366 x 768, it's sometimes going to be difficult to read text on the screen without being rather close to it.


I can't install ubuntu 20.04 lts on an asus tuf laptop

I couldn't even load into the setup program for Ubuntu 20.04 through my USB - the laptop just shut down immediately like being overheated/overpowered
Asus TUF FX504GE (i7 8750H/1050 Ti) by the way - latest 318 BIOS
I selected the safe graphics install option in the GRUB menu and got it working.


My problem was solved. I don't know what makes it works again. I tried these command unset http_proxy and unset https_proxy as @nilesh_101 suggested. One more thing I did is change proxy and then change it to default again. Thanks all you guys for answering my question!


What is the release Date of Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail)?

Update: Available

April 25, 2013

According to the Release Schedule.


Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 wireless not working on lenovo with Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS

A backport file from 2015 is unlikely to successfully compile in more modern kernel versions. Please note the answer at the link you gave that says, in part:

Before executing the wget command check for you linux kernel version.
$ uname -r

Then go to https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/backports/stable/
and check for the closest kernel version available there and then
download the backports tar file using the following command.

For example, if uname -r returns 5.4.0-48-generic, then select the backport version that closely matches. In this case select https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/backports/stable/v5.4.56/backports-5.4.56-1.tar.gz
It compiles without error on my 5.4.0-48 machine.


sudo add-apt-repository throws an exception

You have to define proxy environment variable and tell sudo to use it (with -E flag):

export http_proxy=http://<proxy>:<port>
export https_proxy=http://<proxy>:<port>
sudo -E add-apt-repository ppa:team-xbmc/ppa

If you have to use username and password for proxy, use this syntax:

export https_proxy=<username>:<password>@<proxy>:<port>


I cannot re-install Ubuntu 15.04 alongside windows 8.1

First, you need to be aware that there are two methods of booting most modern computers:

BIOS/CSM/legacy mode -- This mode is what was used on most computers prior to about 2011. It uses either an old-style BIOS firmware or BIOS emulation ("CSM" or "legacy") on a more modern firmware. It's usually paired with an MBR partition table. Note that on a modern computer, BIOS/CSM/legacy mode is the non-native boot mode; using it is like using WINE to run Windows programs in Linux.
EFI/UEFI mode -- Modern firmware uses the Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) or its 2.x variant, UEFI. UEFI-mode booting is completely different from BIOS-mode booting and almost always uses a GUID Partition Table (GPT). Unfortunately, there's a lot of misinformation and bad advice about EFI-mode booting, which is making the transition from BIOS to EFI harder than it should be.

I strongly recommend you read up on these subjects. The Wikipedia articles referenced above are a start, although they're a bit dry and divorced from practical concerns. Three others you might read are:

My EFI Boot Loaders for Linux page, which covers (of course) EFI boot loader software.
My Linux on UEFI page, which gives more practical advice on installing Linux on EFI/UEFI systems.
Adam Williamson's UEFI boot: how does that actually work, then? blog post, which describes EFI/UEFI theory and how that impacts Linux.

It sounds like you've converted from an EFI/GPT setup to a BIOS/MBR setup, but you did so with a tool that does an incomplete GPT-to-MBR conversion. Thus, you're not really using your EFI/UEFI firmware as such, so the preceding references may seem of only peripheral interest -- but your firmware is an EFI, not a BIOS, and this fact means that you're dealing with EFI issues even when you boot in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. If I'm right, the fix to your specific problem is to use FixParts (part of the gdisk package in Ubuntu) to remove the stray GPT data. See here for more information:

Unable to recognize and create partitions for Ubuntu Installation on Dell Inspiron 15R 5520


Ubuntu Gnome 13.04 print as pdf does not work

This could be more a workaround than an answer, but I think it is worth knowing so I post it here.

  Notice I know that the "official" point of view is that the PDF virtual printer is not needed any more thanks to the "print to file"
  option. Nevertheless I still like the simmetry of having the virtual printer
  --- you can set it as your default printer, use it with old programs that do not use the unified printing interface, etc. YMMV.

I often find that the option "print to file"can be quite flaky. The best method to print to PDF in my opinion is the following:

1) install a virtual PDF printer:

sudo apt-get install cups-pdf

2) Now you have a printer called "PDF" that you can choose.

3) Printing in that printer will result in a .pdf file in the folder PDF under your home directory. You may need to create it with mkdir $HOME/PDF (it's case-sensitive).

Advantages:

1) This is seen as a normal printer. ALL programs that can print can print to it, so you do not need the "print to file" option. For example you can easily do

ls -l | lpr -pPDF

and have a pdf file with the output of your command.

Caveats:

1) Move files from there because if you print a file multiple times the last version will  overwrite previous ones. This is avoidable with a little configuration file editing --- just open the file /etc/cups/cups-pdf.conf, it is very well documented, and search for the line #Label 0 and change it into Label 1 (or 2 if it suits you better).

2) you do not decide the file name, and you need to move it where you want it. (It seems it can be solved, but it's quite convoluted).

3) Sometime upgrading the system disables the printer. Don't know why. Reinstalling cups-pdf solves the problem.

4) Color management and quality control is tricky.


change outgoing (send only) email from www-data@ to info@

If you are using Postfix's sendmail binary to send the emails, you can try to set the sendmail_path in the php.ini configuration file to: sendmail_path = "/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f info@server.com"


Ubuntu 18.04.02 won't boot to desktop just black screen

It looks like your gnome desktop doesn't load correctly.
Since you access a secondary terminal try to reinstall gnome desktop.
Try reinstalling the gnome-session package:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-session


Installing intelligent text completition for gedit on Ubuntu 19.10

I just tried it on 19.10 and it works for me with gedit 3.34.0 and https://github.com/nymanjens/gedit-intelligent-text-completion/releases/download/v2.4/intelligent-text-completion-gedit3-8-v2.5.tar.gz.
The key point maybe is that you first need to install gedit-plugins from the 19.10 repositories with sudo apt install gedit-plugins.
After doing so, follow the instructions in your link:

Note:
This plugin also works in gedit running on Kubuntu 19.10, Ubuntu MATE 19.10 and Xubuntu 19.10.


Customizing tooltips in Ubuntu Mate 20.04

You can install  Gtk2 and Gtk3 themes and most of them has a structure like this :

$tree . -d
.
├── assets
├── gnome-shell
│   └── assets
├── gtk-2.0
│   ├── apps
│   └── assets
├── gtk-3.0
├── metacity-1
└── xfwm4

In the gtk-3.0 directory you can find a file named gtk.css . Open it with your favorite text editor and search for ToolTips. There should be some properties like this :

tooltip {
   padding: 4px;
   /* not working */
   border-radius: 5px;
   box-shadow: none;
   text-shadow: 0 1px black;
}

tooltip.background {
   background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
   background-clip: padding-box;
   border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

tooltip decoration {
     background-color: transparent;
}
tooltip * {
     padding: 4px;
     background-color: transparent;
     color: white;
}

You can change the background color of your tooltips via the background-color property.

And in the gtk-2.0 directory there's file named gtkrc which might contain a line like this :

# Tooltip colors
gtk-color-scheme = "tooltip_fg_color:#ffffff\ntooltip_bg_color:#000000"

If you want to change the tooltip background color for a gtk2 program ( they are very rare by now) you can adjust it.

You can change the theme via command line without the need to log-out and log-back . For example for a theme called Sweet :

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme Sweet
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences theme Sweet

Happy hacking :)

EDIT : These are just for Gtk apps . But you haven't mentioned that you want to change the tooltips of Gtk or Qt apps . So if you want to customize Qt5 apps you can use a nice theme engine called Kvantum which is very customizable and is SVG based , so you can edit the background color of the tooltips via editing the theme files with something like Inkscape


Opera for dual boot Windows 10 & Ubuntu 16.04?

I've got two suggestion:

Sync your browsing data in Opera
Linking  the profiles (might not work)

  When you switch between several computers and smartphones, you don't have to worry about losing track of an interesting web page. Learn how to sync bookmarks, favorite sites on the Speed Dial and tabs to keep important browsing info at your fingertips in Opera! [1]

Also, you can always use linking, The default Windows installation location is:

%PROGRAMFILES%\Opera

For linux it's ~/share/opera.

User settings in windows are saved into %PROGRAMFILES%\Opera\profile, enter this path into your file explorer in windows, get the real path, and use that to create a sym for your Ubuntu while your windows partition is mounted:

ln -s /real/path/to/profile ~/share/profile

now it should do the trick for you.

sources: 2, 3


Why does everything keep changing back to root ownership (NTFS)?

NTFS partitions do not honor linux permissions. So any permission change done using chmod will not be applied permanently.

You have to write an fstab line using options defaults,uid=1000,gid=1000 where uid and gid can be found for your user using command id.

You may add this under "Options" in pysdm if I'm not mistaken.

Similar question:
How to write an fstab line for full access to an NTFS drive?

On the other hand, you could format the partition to ext2 / ext3 / ext4 and use a browser program in windows, like ext2read: http://sourceforge.net/projects/ext2read/

Other options are the ext2/3/4 driver for windows, ext2fsd: http://www.ext2fsd.com/


thunderbird script to disable option: "delete message on server"

You can fix this within Thunderbird directly.
Go to Accounts>Synchronisation and Storage and in the last option ("To recover disk space...") make sure that "Don't delete any messages" is selected.

You can override this on a per-folder basis by amending the "Retention Settings" value (right click folder>properties).


Wifi Problem with dual booting Ubuntu 14.04 and Windows 8.1

sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

will fix it.

Offline Guide.


The problem i was having was that for security reasons, local data offloading is disabled by default , and for the file to be read into the database, it must be enabled by starting mysql using

mysql -uroot -ppassword --local-infile database

This will solve the problem and you can insert from a text file.


Corsair suggests that you connect the two fans to the control module via y-connecter. However, doing so under linux makes it impossible to control the fans and they will always run at 100% RPM.

If you connect the 2 fans to the motherboard (as chassis fans) you can control the fan speed as you normally would via lm-sensors and fancontrol (see: How to control fan speed?) , significantly reducing the sound level.

Connections would be as follows:

Fans x 2 -> Chassis Fan(s) on MOBO
Corsair Pump control -> CPU Fan on MOBO
USB > USB Header on MOBO

If you're not overclocking, the cooler unit is very unlikely to require management at all. For example, I have an i7-3930k running at stock frequency and the temps are staying between 32-40 at all times. Case is practically silent.


SD card is not detected in Wine software

I had the same issue updating my car navigation software too. I don't know about a direct answer to your question (about getting a WINE program to recognize an inserted SD card) but for me, I discovered a working solution.
In the settings of the navigation update app, there was an option to download update files to hard disk rather than install on the SD card. I did that, then quit and found the files in the WINE folder in the Ubuntu file manager. Just copy the files manually to the SD card, ensuring that the folder/directory structure is the same. At first my car navi didn't recognize the card because I needed the files to first be in a particular folder, so pay attention to the directory structure of the SD card before you wipe it and copy over the updated navi files.


How to prevent updating an application which is not a package?

You likely are looking to blacklist the installation (and/or update) of a package. Instead of looking to blacklist the package you have manually installed, you want to blacklist the overwriting vanilla package (which would be the package named fglrx or fglrx-*, or similar).

This other askubuntu answer outlines how to go about blacklisting a package, which you will want to do to whichever the vanilla fglrx package name is - Blacklisting packages from installing


Run:

 sudo ntfsfix /dev/sd(the location of the Windows filesystem)

For example if the partition is /dev/sdb1 that's what you would enter in the command. You can find the partition with lsblk or sudo fdisk -l


Follow the instructions listed on the ATI Wiki page for Ubuntu 11.10.

I personally have never had any luck installing them using the manual method listed, I download the installation .run file and then cd into the folder I've downloaded it to then type sh ./ati-driver-installer-11-9-x86.x86_64.run which starts the ATI GUI installer process.

I have had issues with the 11.9 Catalyst version (which is the latest) and three different ATI cards so I've installed 11.8 via 'Additional Drivers' and had no issues.


Yes, you need to remove your installation medium, or else it will boot into it again and try to reinstall. In most cases, it will come up with a prompt at the loading screen telling you the following short message:

Please remove the installation media, and press ENTER:

However, I have also been unlucky, particularly on VM installs with virtualbox, where it has replicated this scenario if the installation .iso was not automatically ejected from the machine.

Footnote: As far as I am aware, this is the same across most Linux distributions, and a very good habit to get in to in order to avoid errors.


FFmpeg Script to recursively convert DTS audio to AC3

To make it recursive, you can either use find or activate the globstar bash option:

find -exec:

find . -name '*.mkv' -exec ffmpeg -i {} -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng -metadata:s:a:0 title="AC3 5.1" -map 0:v -map 0:a:0 -map 0:a -map 0:s -c:v copy -c:a copy -c:s copy -c:a:0 ac3 -b:a:0 640k /srv/dev-disk-by-label-hel/temp/{} \;

The {} inside the -exec will be converted to the current file name. I didn't bother with your ${f%.mkv}".mkv; since that is identical to the input file name, you're removing a .mkv and then adding it, so I assumed that was a mistake.
globstar. This option lets ** recurse into 0 or more subdirectories.

shopt -s globstar
for f in **/*.mkv;
do
    fname="${f##*/}"
    ffmpeg -i "$f" -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng -metadata:s:a:0 title="AC3 5.1" -map 0:v -map 0:a:0 -map 0:a -map 0:s -c:v copy -c:a copy -c:s copy -c:a:0 ac3 -b:a:0 640k "/srv/dev-disk-by-label-hel/temp/"$fname";
done

This is the one you can most easily make copy the files back to the original. As long as you don't mind overwriting the originals, you can do:

shopt -s globstar
for f in **/*.mkv;
do
    fname="${f##*/}"
    ffmpeg -i "$f" -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng -metadata:s:a:0 title="AC3 5.1" -map 0:v -map 0:a:0 -map 0:a -map 0:s -c:v copy -c:a copy -c:s copy -c:a:0 ac3 -b:a:0 640k "/srv/dev-disk-by-label-hel/temp/$fname" &&
    mv "/srv/dev-disk-by-label-hel/temp/$fname" "$f"
done


How to resolve “Failed to download repository information

if you have a lot of space (>100GB) you can use apt-mirror to download the whole ubuntu repository onto your drive and copy that over to an offline computer. It is very similar to apt and its configuration. It uses a file /etc/apt/mirror.list where you list where to store and what to download in a syntax like in apts sources.list file. If you are familiar with apt, you find  apt-mirror easy to work with.

If you have several networked offline computers, and you have a web server (e.g. apache2) installed, you put in in a directory of the web server. Then you can use the offline repository just as the normal repository and just change the addresses in the /etc/apt/source.list file to your server.

For how to setup and use apt-mirror see e.g. http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man1/apt-mirror.1.html or https://wiki.ubuntu.com/AustralianTeam/LocalAptMirrors
I am using the system for a long time and it is very good. I even download PPAs for offline use with it. To follow the descriptions I guess a basic understanding of Linux may be required. Also one should already feel familiar with using the command line.

EDIT:
Alternative
Not for full repositories, but for bridiging Online-Offline there is only one tool that I know of doing that. Its fully GUI controlled. You need to install on both an internet connected PC and you offline PC. You select programs you want to have and store them for offline use. That works fine.

https://launchpad.net/cube-server
See the second answer for this post: Package Installation. It is from the Cube developer

it also links to this tutorial: https://launchpad.net/cube-server/trunk/0.1/+download/cube-server-tutorial.pdf

hope it helps


This question has some pretty good tips on things you can definitely ignore from any sort of versioning. Typically runtime or cached things that would be regenerated.


i'm not sure what's wrong with your system but for now you can also shutdown your system within the terminal by typing sudo shutdown -hP now or reboot with the command sudo shutdown -r now!
for more infos/options have a look at shutdown --help.


postfix configuration ubuntu upgrade: what to choose?

If you choose No configuration it will leave your current configuration unchanged. I would choose this option. Backup /etc/postfix folder just in case before choosing this option.


Games won't run after installation and removal of NVIDIA driver

SOLVED

Thanks to Bruno Pereira in this thread:

Switch from NVidia to internal Intel HD graphics - OpenGL does not work

I needed to completely re-install and re-configure Xorg using the following:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall xserver-xorg-core libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:amd64 libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64

then

sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg

then reboot

sudo reboot

And now everything has been returned to normal.


How do I change an application installed using PPA?

Depending on the PPA we may have only installed a single package from there. After having disabled a PPA we can just purge this package to makes sure a previous version will be installed from another source.

sudo apt-get purge <package>

However quite so often a package may need another dependency with a newer version as well, and this version may also be included in the PPA. We therefore may have to also purge any newer or instable dependent package that may have been installed.

To ease this process there is a package ppa-purge which will revert any packages to those installed from the Ubuntu repositories:

See: How can PPAs be removed?


My latest Skype does not support group video call in hp ubuntu 16.04 lts?

Microsoft unofficial stopped the support for Skype on Linux. I recommend switching to another VoiP Client like Teamspeak3 or Discord. You can also use Facebook's Messenger System.


How can i prevent reset byte count in /proc/net/dev

You can not: the size of the variables for the counter only allow a value up to 4GB.

It is the program you use that should already be aware of this and should take care of this: it should poll twice and if the 2nd value is less than the 1st value add 4Gb to the 1st value. Subtracting the two will then show the correct result.

If it does not you should file a bug report against that software.


VNC Multiple Monitors from Single Monitor on Host

If a USB video adapter is "less than ideal" for performance reasons, unless it's strictly a USB bus bottleneck that's the problem, there probably are no other ways to add the same number of monitors with acceptable performance, at least not if there's a lot of motion.  That said, here's one way to essentially have as many monitors "attached" to that laptop as you want, all under the control of a single keyboard & mouse, without requiring specialized hardware:

Set up VNC on the laptop so that when you log in it's connecting to its own separate X server (vs. the :0 display that's currently driving your monitors).  Now you can set up addition computers.  From each of them, you can open a VNC session (with its own independent X desktop session) and run it full-screen.  (You could also directly use X via LTSP or otherwise or any other remote control method to connect to the X sessions; just get them on the screen.  With VNC, your other computers don't even have to be running Linux.) Okay, great.  Now you have 25 displays next to each other, but you also 25 kbd/mice pairs. Now what?

First, install VNC on each of the other computers.  Verify that you can connect to each of them and see the desktop they're displaying.  So from the laptop you can VNC to another machine, and see the "private" desktop that's being generated on your own laptop, but displayed on the other machine's monitor and also in your own VNC client window.  Okay, now we know that's working.  It's still not what you want, so here comes the next step.

Enter "x2vnc".  Basically it's a VNC client that sends kbd/mouse events, but doesn't bother to get video back.  Instead of a traditional client window (which you activate so that it knows to send the mouse/kbd events to the remote machine instead of your local session) you configure it so that it's activated when you move the mouse to the edges of your screen.  You could have it connect either to the machines that are displaying your extra desktops or to the vnc servers running on your own laptop that they're connected to.

In any case, the x2vnc magic makes it so that you can have a monitor attached to a remote computer sitting to the right of your main one, and when you move your mouse past the right edge of your screen, it magically keeps going from the left of the righthand monitor as if it were a dual display, when in reality you're controling the other computer (which in this case is in turn controlling a desktop session on your own machine).  It keeps track of where the mouse is so that when you come back left your pointer reappears on your local display at the right time and place so the whole thing feels very natural.

It's been a while since I've played w/ x2vnc.  I know it's flexible, but I don't know how.  In this way, though, you could have at least 4 other machines you're connecting to: top, bottom, left, right edges of the screen.  And, of course, if one of your other machines has 2 monitors and lets you span the VNC viewer across the two of them, then that lets you go further away from your local central display.  For that matter, you could probably run x2VNC (win2VNC on Windows machines) on one remote machine so that it would then control another as you kept moving the same direction; this would allow you to have a long chain of monitors in one direction, each one adding another layer to the a-controls-b-which-controls-c-which-controls-d-which-views-a2 chain.   Hundreds of monitors!

Of course, with multiple independent X servers running, you're still not going to be able to smoothly transfer windows across sessions (though I almost seem to remember an app that would kinda let you do that, acting as a broker between apps and multiple X servers).  If you instead configured the other machines as "fat clients" (using LTSP) you could it so that you're at least semi-synchronized app-wise to your notebook (You have to periodically update your fat client image to keep it in sync with what you have installed) while utilizing the CPU/Mem on the other machines to lighten your load that way on the laptop.

Seems like an awful lot of infrastructure for a laptop, though!


Overcoming 'grub-install /dev/sda failed' installation problem for multi-harddrive desktop (18.04, 17.10)

I was seeing this problem while trying to install Ubuntu yesterday after a run with MX Linux. Tried multiple OSes, partition options, and ways of creating the LiveUSB I was using.
Turned out I had too many entries in the EFI portion of the NVRAM on my motherboard (nothing to do with the SSD or install options). I was able to fix it by opening a terminal using the LiveUSB, installing efibootmgr using apt, and removing the old boot entries.


It's really strange, you need to use the iso file for one proposal and qcow2 for another one:

iso for cdrom images
qcow2 for harddrive images

Why do you want to convert it?


Updating from libnet-z3950-perl to libnet-z3950-zoom-perl


Most likely your file is not in the correct directory. Apache serves files from a directory referred to as the "Document Root". Your files must be in this directory for Apache to find them.

To check what the Apache is using as the Document Root:

Open a terminal
run less /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default (may need sudo)
Look for the line the looks like DocumentRoot /some/path. Its towards the top
Make sure your php scripts are in /some/path

This is assuming you haven't made any configuration changes to Apache. This can be much more complex if you have multiple virtual hosts, and aliases, and so forth. But for the default Apache configuration this will do the trick.


Clicking logout and/or shutdown does nothing

Not a solution to the core problem, but to shutdown/restart open a terminal (open the Dash home menu and in the search box type terminal and a link will appear) and then enter the command

sudo poweroff

to shut the computer down, or

sudo reboot

to restart it. These commands will prompt you for your password before proceeding.


How can I get transparent window borders / titlebars in GNOME Shell?

Since the release of Ubuntu 12.10, gconf-editor has been officially replaced by dconf-editor. So the answer by Ringtail will not work.

To enable Window Titlebar transparency in Ubuntu 12 onwards:

Open a Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T)
Copy and Paste the following line:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Press Enter and install the package.
Once installed, run dconf-editor in the terminal.
Navigate to org/compiz/gwd
Now change the values of the following to anything between 0 and 1:

metacity-theme-active-opacity
metacity-theme-inactive-opacity

Now you've changed the transparency of the Window Titlebars.


Application icon appearing in the corner of window

If you want to get rid of the small application icon next to the close button from the title-bar, you can do that by changing your window button-layout. Open Terminal and run

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences button-layout :minimize,maximize,close

Alternatively, you can have the app-menu in the top bar instead. You may use (GNOME) Tweaks. First install it (if it is not installed) by running

sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

Then launch Tweaks, go to "Top Bar" section and toggle on the "Application Menu" option.


Battery consumption on ubuntu 12.04 installed on Dell XPS L501x

I think this model has nvidia optimus enabled. If your system has duel graphics card and optimus enabled you need to turn off the discrete graphics card. Otherwise both are enabled and lead to high temperature, reduce battery.
Instruction for installing Bumblebee to turn off  discrete  GPU and enable only when required

Type the following in terminal,
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable
then
sudo apt-get update

If you are on Ubuntu 11.04 or older and want newer drivers (recommended) than the ones available in the official repos, run:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates

To install Bumblebee using the proprietary nvidia driver:
sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia

Run following
sudo usermod -a -G bumblebee $USER

Reboot.

If you just want to disable nvidia card, no need to learn followings
Usage Instruction :
To run a program with nvidia card, use optirun command prefixed in terminal.
Like to run glxspheres with nvidia card type
optirun glxspheres
To run firefox type : optirun firefox &
Note: If you intend to run 32-bit programs like Wine and using Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric or later, install 32-bit libraries with:
sudo apt-get install virtualgl-libs:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 libc6:i386
Linked Questions:
How well will Nvidia Optimus cards be supported in 12.04?
Is a NVIDIA GeForce with Optimus Technology supported by Ubuntu?
Can't use nvidia card/driver on optimus notebook


How to mark a .desktop file as trusted from command line on Ubuntu 18.04?

You have to add execution bit for the desktop file:

cd ~/Desktop
chmod a+x myapp.desktop

and mark it as trusted with

gio set myapp.desktop metadata::trusted yes

and then press F5 to reload the desktop icons.


Partioning a dual SSD & HDD latop, complete guide

Keep it simple: / goes on SSD, /home goes on HDD. Problem solved.


DESKTOP FILE: android studio installation on 14.04

You don't have to manually create the desktop file. First delete any files you already created.

Open Android Studio.
Then click on Tools -> Create desktop Entry
in the menu bar.


Software Updater - Problem after Calibre upgrade

You are getting this error because a repository with no signing key installed on your system is added to your apt repository list. I think this repo was added during up-gradation of that package you mentioned. To stop receiving this error all you have to do is comment out or remove that repo from apt repo list. To do so, run sudo apt-get update on terminal and look which repo is flagged as unauthenticated in the error output. This repo can be found in one of two places, in /etc/apt/sources.list file or in files found in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ directory. All you have to do is comment out that repo adding # beginning of the line and next time you run sudo apt-get update, most likely you wont receive this error.


I Created samba user with password.
Set my serer to static P address 192.168.0.210

Then I added this to make clients find host in samba config file.
interfaces = 127.0.0.0/8 192.168.0.210
bind interfaces only = true

Here is my share setup it even works on my Android Tablet.

[WWW]
comment = HTML Directory
path = /var/www/html/
available = yes
valid users = my_samba_username
read only = no
browseable = yes
public = yes

List SMB shares

smbclient –L IP_Address –U username

What I used:
smbmount //192.168.0.210/share_file /mnt –o username=santosh,workgroup=workgroupnam

This supposed to work.

mount –t smbfs IP_Address:/sharename /mountpoint –o username=userid,workgroup=workgroupname

Could it be you need to change (chmod chgrp chown) to your /var/www/html or whatever is your shared directory, I did that also.

I am just telling you what I just did maybe it will help.


Error to deploy openstack-autopilot: "failed status" on a virtual environment KVM

Just some clarification here

Canonical doesn't recommend or support installing onto KVM nodes with the Landscape Autopilot.  If you want to do that, please use the single machine option of openstack-install.
To help you further, more data is required about what failed here.  I'd recommend filing a bug with the link that appears after it's done with the 'collecting logs' in your second screenshot.  Through that the developers can see what failed a bit more easily.
There is no way to restart just a few failed nodes.  It's all or nothing.
It's not normal or expected to hit errors, but it certainly happens.  It's a very complex system and many things can go wrong during the deployment, but the goal is for it to work every time or explain why it failed.

If you want to dig in more yourself, get access to the openstack environment, and check the Juju unit logs that failed.  The logs should have more data about what failed rather than just 'config_changed hook failed'.

juju ssh UNIT-NAME
cd /var/log/juju
ls unit-*

See my other answer for more details about getting access to the OpenStack Juju environment.


Is it possible to install Microsoft SqlDbLocal instance on Ubuntu 14 LTS?

I believe there is no way to do that. Even with Wine I don't think it will work. However, you can run your application on Ubuntu and install DB Server on another Windows computer. That should work. You could even install DB in virtual machine within your Ubuntu. Here you can find some more information on the topic: http://www.howtogeek.com/133515/4-ways-to-run-windows-software-on-linux/


Depends on localization. Not everyone agrees on what "week 1" is in a year. In Holland for instance week 1 starts when it has 4 or more days in that year (so week 1 is that week where the 1st Thursday is in the new year). But other countries start week 1 on Jan 1st or on the 1st Monday that is in the new year. And you can get a deviation of 1 between the methods used.

My clock (using Dutch localization):

Check "settings" "Language support" "Regional formats" for what you are using. Mine is set to "Netherlands". Then check on-line how for that country week 1 is defined.


Renaming bunch of files, but only part of the title

I would reccomend Python and using regex.  Here is an example of a script I made which can cnahge all files in a folder, and subfolders.

directoryChosen = (sys.argv[1])

print directoryChosen + "   thi is inside dollartohash"
if os.path.isdir(directoryChosen):
    for n in os.listdir(directoryChosen):
        if not n.startswith('.'):

            newname =  n.replace('$', '#')
            print newname
            if newname != n:
                path = os.path.join(directoryChosen, n)
                print path + "    this is path"
                target = os.path.join(directoryChosen, newname)
                print target + "   this is target"
                os.rename(path, target)

    newdir = directoryChosen.replace('$', '#')
    print newdir
    if directoryChosen != newdir :
         os.rename(directoryChosen, newdir)

As you can see it takes the directory as an argument, and changes a symbol to another symbol.  Im sure you can modify the replace part.


There are falsified USB drives in the market, where people take drives with a small capacity and manipulate them, so the drives seemingly have a larger capacity. There's a similar scam with micro SD cards. If you happen to speak German, the tech magazine c't has published multiple articles on the topic.
But your drive is probably too small to be one of those. Those falsified USB drives are often drives that actually have 32 GB and are marked as having 1 TB or more. So, I wouldn't rule out that you caught a lemon, and the drive is just broken. Maybe you can return it.
You could test the drive with the command line software f3. This tool writes random data to the drive, and then checks whether it can read the same data back - meaning, whether the drive actually stored the data. f3 is in the Ubuntu repositories, so you can just install it with apt.
For a quick test, check which device file corresponds to the unmounted(!) drive. That should be something like /dev/sdb, /dev/sdg or similar. Then do
sudo f3probe --destructive --time-ops /dev/sdb

Warning: This will erase any data that may be on the drive before the test.
Further information about the tool can be found in the f3 documentation.


Ubuntu 16.04 cannot locate Skype after enabling Canonical Partners in Software & Update

The legacy Skype for Linux application was discontinued and removed from Canonical's partner repositories. You can install the new Skype for Linux application instead.


Cant install Ubuntu 16.10 I/O error Squashfs error

Normally squashfs errors like that imply that there are data read errors occurring from the installation media.  So double check that the DVD is free from any scratches or dirt.  The installer also has an early boot option to check the media for errors, so it may be worth double checking with this to see if the media is OK before installing.


How to access Ubuntu 14.04 server remotely using GUI

You can try x2go. It's basically allows you to run remote X session:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/X2Go


Dual-booting Windows 7 and Ubuntu: last step problem with EasyBCD

UPDATE:
the problem was solved by assigning a letter to the "System" partition in Windows 7 (using the Disk Management tool).
After that, EasyBCD was able to detect the BCD record for Windows 7, and I could then add the record for Ubuntu.


What should I do to run after I have successfully installed touchegg on Ubuntu 12.10?

What you need to do it disable the Unity default gestures:

1. You have to download the Unity sourcecode:

sudo apt-get build-dep unity

cd /tmp

mkdir unity

cd unity

apt-get source unity

2. We the have to edit a file:

sudo gedit /tmp/unity/unity-*/plugins/unityshell/src/unityshell.cpp

Then find: void UnityScreen::InitGesturesSupport() and comment out (add # to the start of the line) all the lines the start with gestures_ that are in between the { and }

3. Now we have to rebuild the .deb file and install it

cd /tmp/unity/unity-*

dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc -nc

cd ..

sudo dpkg -i *deb

sudo apt-get -f install

sudo apt-get autoremove

NOTE: You may want to stop Unity upgrading as it will re-activate the gestures if it does. this can be done by running the following command:

echo "unity hold"|sudo dpkg --set-selections

4.Reboot
If it still isn't working after the reboot you may need to run some extra commands:

synclient TapButton2=0

synclient TapButton3=0

synclient ClickFinger2=0

synclient ClickFinger3=0

synclient HorizTwoFingerScroll=0

synclient VertTwoFingerScroll=0

Hopefully this get you up and running


Need to set up shared storage for Guest virtual machines that are running on a Xen host

For #1 Best is very subjective in the space. Best in terms of cost, performance, easy to use, setup, etc. can vary a lot.

For #2, some good references here: http://runningxen.com/resources/index.html#chapter8. The Running Xen book is a great resource in general (I am a co-author).

Also, I think that this is a better question for Server Fault ( https://serverfault.com/) and/or the Xen users list( http://lists.xen.org/mailman/listinfo/xen-users). I bet it has been discussed thoroughly on the xen-users list actually. Search here: http://xen.markmail.org/


Additional Drivers page does not see my graphics card 16.04

After some time I found the proper way to do this online. This is the webpage, but I'll explain it here incase that link dies one day.

This will not show the card in the addition drivers page, and this bricked my machine the first time I did it. It bricked because I installed the wrong driver version the first time, so back up your data.

1) Check the PPA site for the latest nvidia driver here and check that your graphics card supports it (search the nvidia driver site for the supported cards.
check your card with the command:

sudo lshw -c display

2) I didn't need to do this, but remove all nvidia drivers with

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*

3) add the PPA and then update

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers
sudo apt-get update

4) Install the driver! Replace the X with the driver number

sudo apt-get install nvidia-XXX

Reboot your computer.
Check if this is working with

lsmod | grep nvidia

if this returns nothing then the install failed, as the website indicates.

This is a problem that I had been trying to fix for months.
I downgraded all the way from Ubuntu 18 to 16 for this to work.


How can i change the Pictures/Documents/etc directory?

You can add a line in your etc/fstab

/dev/sda6 /media/basislis/Storage ntfs rw,users,nosuid,nodev,default_permissions

This should automatically mount your NTFS share at boot and should normally fix the problem.

You may have to tweak the mount option. Look for documenation on that and educate yourself.


Is it possible to identify windows using regular expressions in xdotool?

Based on a couple of quick tests, it appears to support GNU-style extended regular expressions. Ex. given

$ wmctrl -ilx | grep brave
0x04000001  0 brave-browser.Brave-browser  t400s Newest Questions - Ask Ubuntu - Brave
0x040000fe  0 brave-browser.Brave-browser  t400s file2.txt - Brave
0x040000ff  0 brave-browser.Brave-browser  t400s fileA.txt - Brave

then

$ xdotool search -name 'file.+\.txt'
67109118
67109119

or

$ xdotool search -name 'file[0-9]\.txt'
67109118


It is definitely not normal for your root volume to fill up so quickly.  It's almost certainly either a problematic process which is most likely caught in some sort of infinite loop (writing errors to a log somewhere in /var/log/*)  Or maybe a task you kicked off is using far more disk space that you expected (often in /tmp) so you need to narrow down what/where is using up the space.

Most likely it's a single file so try running:

find / -size +5G -print

as root which will give you a list of the full paths and filenames of anything over 5 gigabytes.  If anything is listed in /tmp or /var (especially /var/log), it's a good bet you've found the problem file.  If no files are listed, try running

du -s --one-file-system /*

as root to see how much the top-level directories are using.  You can then recursively run this command on the largest result so if /tmp appears to be the problem, next try running:

du -s --one-file-system /tmp/*

and so on until you find the problem directory.

For future reference, a utility I find handy to keep installed is gdmap (http://gdmap.sourceforge.net/ - it's available in the package repos) which will let you quickly visually get a feel of disk usage both by directory and file in a directory tree.  Unfortunately, with your root volume filling up as it is, it might not be possible for you to install additional packages right now.


Recovering tomcat6 default configuration

I assume just deinstalling tomcat6 doesn't remove the config files that are placed in /etc/tomcat6. So you will have to purge tomcat6 using sudo apt-get purge tomcat6 before re-installing the package. Additionally, there may be cached files in /var/cache/tomcat6 that may affect a reinstall, so you should check that directory before reinstalling, too.

EDIT:

If purging tomcat's config doesn't solve the problem, there may be more causes for tomcat stopping to work, e.g. a messed-up java setup. To check this, the easiest way is to install a second JRE (OpenJDK, for example), modify the alternatives so the newly-installed JDK is used (sudo update-alternatives --config java), and restart tomcat. If this works, the problem is likely caused by the config of the previously used JRE/JDK.

If it doesn't work, more information about tomcat's malfunction are required: details about tomcat's behaviour, error messages when running tomcat manually from the command line, contents of tomcat's logs (catalina.out and so on).


How to install the mysql connector for C#?

After download the .zip file I unzipped this.

This have a couple of folders named "V2" and "V4"

Both folders have the mysql.data.dll (the file that we need to register) but I used the higher version number (V4):

Instal mono-gac entering this in terminal:

sudo apt-get install mono-gac

Now register the library:

sudo gacutil -i ~/UNZIPPED_FOLDER/V4/mysql.data.dll #Replace it with your path

And done!

Now when you will compile a file you need to add -r:mysql.data.dll to the command line option. Example:

gmcs Main.cs -r:mysql.data.dll #if the dll file is in the same path

All this steps were reached thanks to @drch.


How to get this game to run by fixing this list of issues it displayed?

This probably won't fix it, as I've seen these rabbit holes you staring at go pretty deep before, but I would start with doing available updates on your system. I can see in the screenshot you left that update manager has some for you to do.

Frequently the problem with these rabbit holes that go this deep aren't going to be easy to fix with updating one deb file at a time. They could even potentially cause some unexpected errors. Check your repositories, odds are you are pulling updates from either a newer repository that has regressions, or an older repository that isn't as up to date as you need to run the game and install the driver.


How to boot to Ubuntu desktop from the console

At the screen that says Ubuntu 15.10 pilay-Inspiron 3442 tty1, open a text-only virtual console by using the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Alt+F3. Actually the tty1 in your screenshot indicates that you have already completed this step.
At the login: prompt type your username and press Enter.
At the Password: prompt type your user password and press Enter.
After you have logged in in the console type:

sudo systemctl start graphical.target

and press Enter to bring up your default purple login screen and then login to your Ubuntu desktop environment as usual.

Why is this happening?

This error could be caused by having installed the wrong graphics driver. Run this command in the terminal to show the available graphics drivers:

ubuntu-drivers devices

Wait at least one minute for the command to scan your computer and generate the list of drivers. The output of this command will be a list of the package names and short descriptions of the available drivers. In addition to showing a list of the available drivers, the above command will often also identify the recommended proprietary driver(s) for your system.


I can't install nvidia driver on Ubuntu 16.04

Open the Software and Updates app. Click on the Other Software tab, check the Canonical Partners checkbox, enter your password when prompted. Then click on Close then on the Reload button. It will update the cache then close. Launch it again, click on the Addition Drivers tab. It will search for any drivers that it can find. If your WiFi adaptor is supported, it will come back with driver options for you to select. Choose one then click on Apply Changes


Press ctrl+alt+f1. In the TTY enter your loginname and password then do the following:

sudo mv -v /home/old-username /home/new-username
sudo chown -Rv new-username:new-usergroup /home/new-username
rm -fv ~/.Xauthority
exit

Now press ctrl+alt+f7 to go back to the GUI and login normaly.


Vim: Move left at the beginning of a line should go to above line

:set ww+=<,> should make the left and right movement wrap to previous/next line. :help whichwrap for more information.


Does Netflix run well on Raspberry Pi running Ubuntu?

Simple answer: no.

You're facing multiple issues here:

You didn't mention which model Pi you're using, but I'll assume the Pi 3. Even though the Pi 3 is massively more powerful than the Pi 1, in the grand scheme of things, it's CPU is more like a late Pentium III, or early Pentium 4.
Because of the Pi's weak CPU, any software that doesn't use hardware video decoding will absolutely bring the Pi to it knees and, quite possibly, crash the browser. (Well, maybe not quite that bad, but you get the point). At the moment, the only software that can play videos with hardware decoding is omxplayer.
The Pi doesn't have a very good browser.

Firefox is pretty slow
Epiphany is OK, but Javascript slows it to a crawl
Chromium is joke; it loads at a decent speed, but you're stuck with a very old version, and the amount of crashes is just unacceptable. Not to mention that it's a memory hog, and that doesn't play well with the Pi 3's mere 1GB of RAM.
Dillo is very fast, but it only supports basic HTML. No JS, no Flash no HTTPS...

Netflix uses DRM. I think you can see the issue with that :)
Ubuntu wouldn't be the best choice of OS for streaming anyway. I do believe that Kodi/OSMC has an add-on to take care of the DRM issue, and also decode on hardware, but no guarantees. You might want to read this guide.


Can't capture output into variable in Bash

That's because the error message is being sent to the STDERR stream (file descriptor 2), not STDOUT (file descriptor 1) which you are capturing with command substitution $().

Just focusing on getting the string, either on STDOUT or STDERR:

test="$(redis-cli exit 2>&1)"

in that case the [ -z "$test" ] test will result in false positives as the error message will be stored in the variable. Instead you can do:

#!/bin/bash
test="$(redis-cli exit 2>/dev/null)"
if [[ -z $test ]] ; then
    echo "I'm empty :("
fi

Also i think, this should get what you want given the exit status is trivial:

if redis-cli exit &>/dev/null; then
    echo 'Succeeded!!'
else
    echo 'Failed!!'
fi


I Downloaded and installed Tkinter and after a bit of tinkering I made it work

--------------------------------ADDED EXPLAINATION----------------------------------

so I was looking around the web while I posted this answer and found TKinter for graphical light weight gui's, I started messing around and found that in order to have my scripts show with text an all I needed a terminal window inside the gui, so I googled a bit and found
this

someone was basicly doing the same as I had in mind but he faced an error, surprisingly after a good 1 hour of trying to solve it, I actually did and now have a working GUI with buttons and terminal unit :)

----------------------------FINALLY FULL EXPLAINATION-------------------------

So, After finding out a TUI in xterm is impossible to click at I looked into different options, I found multiple option, one was using zenity but I didn't like it because I installed it before ( keep in mind this is a raspberry pi with limited 1 GB ram) and it nearly drained the RPI from its memory, practicly terrified this was going to happen again I skipped zenity.

I saw Tkinter, which is basicly text to GUI its simplistic, light (since its nearly all code instead of heavy GUI like zenity) and just easy to use if you know Python, so I looked further into it and saw nearly endless possibilities.

Thus I started rewriting my TUI to a light GUI (eventually it became its own Thin client as seen on this screen shot)

However when I started I was unable to get it working like I wanted (since most my own tools rely on a terminal based execution (user ease of use :) ), so after what, a couple of hours of googling I found this unixSE post, that code was EXACTLY what I needed, but as I saw it was bugged, so I looked into it (its a hobby and my job to fix stuff from others!), some minutes later I fixed it up and got it in working order, so I started editing most of it, eventually using snippets of it in my own code.

Nearly two weeks later (WOOPS!) it is finally done, the code is uploaded on github for anyone wanting to see it.

---------------------------- ZANNA'S WISH! ----------------------------

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#title           : TBMenu
#Omschijving     : Geeft een simpel menu weer dat interactief is/shows a menu which is interactive
#Made by         : Patrick Pigmans
#Made for        : Servicenet-ITF
#Made at         : 2nd of August 2016
#python_version  : 2.7.12/3.5.2
#=======================================================================#

import Tkinter
from Tkinter import *
import subprocess
import os
from os import system as cmd

def test():
    os.system('sudo xterm -into %d -geometry 100x28 -sb -e overscan &' % terminfo)

def sysinfo():
    os.system('xterm -into %d -geometry 100x28 -sb -e systeminfo &' % terminfo)

def ipconf():
    os.system('xterm -into %d -geometry 51x11 -sb -e ipconfig &' % terminfo)

def Uninstall():
    os.system('sudo xterm -into %d -geometry 100x28 -sb -e TBuninstall &' % terminfo)

WINDOW_SIZE = "1024x768"
top = Tkinter.Tk()
top.geometry(WINDOW_SIZE)

Button1  = Tkinter.Button(top, text ="Systeem informatie opvragen", command=sysinfo)
Button1.pack()

Button2  = Tkinter.Button(top, text ="IP adres achterhalen", command = ipconf)
Button2.pack()

Button3  = Tkinter.Button(top, text ="Zwarte balken weghalen", command = test)
Button3.pack()

Button4 = Tkinter.Button(top, text = "Tools Verwijderen", command = Uninstall)
Button4.pack()

termin = Frame(top, height=1000, width=1000)

termin.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=YES)
terminfo = termin.winfo_id()

def send_entry_to_terminal(*args):
    cmd("%s" % (BasicCovTests))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    top.title('KEUZE MENU')
    top.mainloop()

The code normally goes with the rest of my tools since its just a menu :P


Using a custom protocol handler in Firefox to run a shell script?

Found the problem

I didn't put #!/bin/bash at the top of the file. I was basically thinking of the shell script in the same way as a binary executable or something, rather than as an interpreted script, because I didn't need that line to run it directly in the terminal. I forgot that to run it from another program it has to be run through bash

So once that line is at the top of the script you can choose the shell script from firefox as the program to run your custom links with, and the link will successfully be passed into the script as the first argument.


Kubuntu 18.04 boots to black screen after installing Nvidia drivers version 396

It turns out, my computer wasn't outputting any signal from my Nvidia card, and when I connected my onboard Intel graphics to the monitor, I was able to see everything, and make changes to my drivers.


In a default setup root runs ddclient as a daemon using setting from /etc/ddclient.conf. Runtime options are defined in /etc/default/ddclient.

We are able to start ddclient with another configuration file by using the option:

ddclient -file <path>

For further options see also the ddclient wiki.

It is not recommended to change permissions for the default files as this may lead to security issues.


Installing Ubuntu 14.04 LTS on External Hard disk

You will have to use one of the 40gb partition to create a swap partition. Try to transfer the data from the partition you will use for swap to another that won't be changed. Then, with a partition app, try to merge the two partitions (58 and 40gb). After, split it in one swap partition and one ext4. Finally, install Linux in the ext4 partition.

Good luck friend. Hope it helps.


How do I add TweetDeck to the Unity launcher?

There's a problem in general with Adobe AIR applications and the Unity Launcher. See this bug report if you want to follow along:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity/+bug/796558
How do I subscribe to a bug?


The Linux kernel provides a tweakable setting that controls how often the swap file is used, called swappiness.
A swappiness setting of zero means that the disk will be avoided unless absolutely necessary (you run out of memory), while a swappiness setting of 100 means that programs will be swapped to disk almost instantly.
Ubuntu system comes with a default of 60, meaning that the swap file will be used fairly often if the memory usage is around half of my RAM. You can check your own system's swappiness value by running:
one@onezero:~$ cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
60

As I have 4 GB of RAM I'd like to turn that down to 10 or 15. The swap file will then only be used when my RAM usage is around 80 or 90 percent. To change the system swappiness value, open /etc/sysctl.conf as root. Then, change or add this line to the file:
vm.swappiness = 10

Apply the change.
sudo sysctl -p

You can also change the value while your system is still running with:
sysctl vm.swappiness=10

You can also clear your swap by running swapoff -a and then swapon -a as root instead of rebooting to achieve the same effect.
To calculate your swap Formula:
free -m (total) / 100 = A

A * 10

root@onezero:/home/one# free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          3950       2262       1687          0        407        952
-/+ buffers/cache:        903       3047
Swap:         1953          0       1953

so total is 3950 / 100 = 39.5 * 10 = 395

So what it mean is that when 10 % (395 MB) of ram is left then it will start using swap.

                                          Help . Ubuntu . Swap
                                           What is swappiness
The swappiness parameter controls the tendency of the kernel to move processes out of physical memory and onto the swap disk. Because disks are much slower than RAM, this can lead to slower response times for system and applications if processes are too aggressively moved out of memory.

swappiness can have a value between 0 and 100.
swappiness=0:

Kernel version 3.5 and newer: disables swapiness.
Kernel version older than 3.5: avoids swapping processes out of physical memory for as long as possible.

swappiness=1:

Kernel version 3.5 and over: minimum swappiness without disabling it entirely.

swappiness=100:

Tells the kernel to aggressively swap processes out of physical memory and move them to swap cache.

See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swappiness.
The default setting in Ubuntu is swappiness=60. Reducing the default value of swappiness will probably improve overall performance for a typical Ubuntu desktop installation. A value of swappiness=10 is recommended, but feel free to experiment.

Example
Started using swap at 91%:

As I have configured my system & vm to make use of RAM at 90%, at 90% there was no swapping.
After that I opened  some applications like Firefox & Shutter, and it started swapping because RAM usage is above 90%.


How to run "gsettings" command inside a kickstart file?

Create a file /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/99_my_custom_settings.gschema.override with a content like

[org.gnome.Empathy.conversation]
theme="adium"
theme-variant="Normal"
adium-path="/usr/share/adium/message-styles/ubuntu.AdiumMessageStyle"

[org.gnome.desktop.interface]
gtk-theme="Ambiance"
icon-theme="ubuntu-mono-dark"
cursor-theme="DMZ-White"
font-name="Ubuntu 11"
monospace-font-name="Ubuntu Mono 13"

for whatever settings you want to change. Then run

glib-compile-schemas /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/

to merge your changes with the GSettings data base.


18.04.1 steam says I can't make a partition on a drive without exec but I edited fstab

I found the fix:

First run this command (change sdb1 to your disk):

ntsfix /dev/sdb1

Second, in /etc/fstab add this:\

UUID=7A9XXXXXXX /mnt/Data ntfs-3g uid=1000,gid=1000,rw,user,exec,umask=000 0 0


Seems to me this question is mostly asking how to properly mount partitions? (If this is not what you are asking, I apologize and request you try rephrasing your question to be more precise.)
If so, first you need to find what disks and partitions are present. Do this by running lsblk. This will give you a list. Look in this list for entries that say "part" under TYPE. These are the available partitions for you to mount. Find the partition you want to mount. In this example I will say it is sdb2, though it will have a different name for you.
After you have the partition you want to mount identified, you are going to need to find or make a folder as the mount location. This can be done with sudo mkdir /mnt/MountFolderName where MountFolderName is the name of the folder you want to create.
Next, mount the partition at the location of the folder you just created. Do this with sudo mount /dev/sdb2/ /mnt/MountFolderName/
Once you have mounted it, you should be able to navigate to the folder /mnt/MountFolderName/ and find the file contents of the partition.
There are lost of ways this could get complicated (e.g. It needs to be mounted as NTFS or some other file system, or it needs special permissions, etc.). If this is the case, you need to look into the options for the mount command.


How to compare the version of something with a number in bash executable?

Just need spaces at either end of the if statement:

currentver="$(lsb_release -rs)"
requiredver="18.04"
if [ "$(printf '%s\n' "$requiredver" "$currentver" | sort -V | head - n1)" = "$requiredver" ]
then
    read -p "Ubuntu?: " vari
else
    read -p 'Hello?: ' var
fi

whoops


executable icon is missing for Ubuntu 18.04

If you have problem than you can find gcc and add line -no-pie It is default executable because Ubuntu 18.04 has problem with Wayland that is why position independent executable. Just no pie! Than it works fine for me.


how to generate crypted password for auto install

The crypted string that you get will depend on the salt value - to reproduce the one in the example you would need to duplicate its 16-character salt:
$ printf 'root' | openssl passwd -6 -salt 'FhcddHFVZ7ABA4Gi' -stdin
$6$FhcddHFVZ7ABA4Gi$9l4yURWASWe8xEa1jzI0bacVLvhe3Yn4/G3AnU11K3X0yu/mICVRxfo6tZTB2noKljlIRzjkVZPocdf63MtzC0

See also:

Why is the output of “openssl passwd” different each time?


All services start on startup:

initctl list

List of all services which exist in system:

service --status-all


How to change the login screen keyboard layout?

In Ubuntu / Natty, edit the file /etc/default/keyboard, look for the XKBVARIANT setting, and set it to this:

XKBVARIANT="dvorak"

This will tell GDM, the login manager, which keyboard layout to use per default.

Note: the comments in the file warn that this only takes effect after udev is restarted; I would just reboot the machine after changing it.


Installing Ubuntu 12.04 on MacBook 5,5, can't boot from USB flash drive

rEFIt is no longer maintained. It is a better idea to use rEFInd instead. Also, why don't you try to install Ubuntu 14.04? It is also an LTS release and has many kernel improvements.

There are two ways of installing Ubuntu on a Mac.

Legacy Boot - Use the Mac variant of Ubuntu which you can download from here.

Install rEFInd before you install Ubuntu. Now, create a partition for Ubuntu using either Disk Utility or GParted and install normally. When you reboot after the installation finishes, rEFInd will load and give you an option to select either OS X or Ubuntu.

This is the easier method and is convenient if you are dual booting.

EFI Boot - Use the normal variant of Ubuntu.

This method is slightly tough because you will have to delete the grub partition created by the Ubuntu installer (on a FAT partition) and install grub on an HFS partition, failing which your mac will not boot. However, this method works better if you want to completely replace OS X with Ubuntu.

Refer to this post for steps to the EFI Boot method.


number of partition problem - max 4 - Installation along windows 10 (legacy bios)

I found how to do, thanks to mook765 and oldfred comments. I did not know the MBR/UEFI differences.

SOLUTION: I transform my windows 10 disk in GPT using the command line MBR2GPT (well described here: https://www.windowscentral.com/how-convert-mbr-disk-gpt-move-bios-uefi-windows-10 ), Then I was able to have the number of partition I wanted. This procedure does not erase any windows or personal data and it takes not more than 3 minutes total.

to decide the partitions to do this post was very interesting:
How large should I make root, home, and swap partitions?


How can I automatically create a list of files and folders in a given folder in LibreOffice Calc?

Your best bet would be to use a scripting language (Ruby, Python, Perl etc.) to create a text file in CSV format with this data. Calc can import CSV text files as spreadsheets.

An example Ruby script to get you started:

#!/usr/bin/env ruby
require 'csv'
table = [['Name', 'Size', 'Path']] #These are your headings - you can change them
Dir['./*'].each do |file|
    table << [File.basename(file), File.size(file), File.expand_path(file)]
    #You can add extra columns with extra information in the above line
end
File.open('output.csv', 'w') do |f|
    f.puts table.map {|row| CSV.generate_line(row) }.join("\n")
end

Run this in the appropriate directory then open the file 'output.csv' with Calc. Use the following settings on the
import:


I upgraded to Ubuntu 20.10 which have kernel 5.8. This might was the problem. Everything works just fine! As I was told on another topic, kernel 5.8 will be available for 20.04 in a few months. Be patience! Or find a way to upgrade your kernel, I could't without issues.


Can I alter nautilus file manager through config files?

You can alter some of the folders in the left pane of the file manager. To add a folder, just drag it into the lower third of the left pane. To remove, or arrange folders, go to the Bookmarks menu and choose Bookmarks.


OpenConnect "Unknown form id frmTotpToken" Error on Login

It seems that this has been addressed in a fork of openconnect.  See this commit for details.


unable to install lmc_1.2_32_i386 in ubuntu14.04

try the following command,

sudo locale-gen en_US en_US.UTF-8 cy_GB.UTF-8


Not able to open port between windows 10 and locally hosted Ubuntu VM created on Hyper-v

In case anybody comes here.
after some analysis I discovered that there is a problem in docker engine itself. The port is not open.
Because I tried creating a simple app that listens on port 2377, and I ran it on the windows 10 machine then I was able to connect to it from the VM.
Also after running the swarm mode, I run the command "netstat -ab" on windows 10, and I can't see port 2377 listed.
I opened a topic on docker forums but no one has responded yet.
https://forums.docker.com/t/swarm-mode-is-not-working-on-windows-10/72761


What do the Ubuntu Webapps Technology offer

How will they integrate into Ubuntu?

Ubuntu webapps is tightly integrated to Ubuntu, ie native ubuntu unity technologies like hud , notify OSD, messaging menu , etc can be use for web apps

The above screen shot shows the integration of unity hud with webapps(here Gmail)
How can the user use this integrated web technologies (Where would the menu options be, What options, password, user stuff do I need to add/activate/type in a form)?
How will the integration of this webapp technologies benefit the user?

1.Quick access for web apps

2.User can acces webapps directly from desktop

etc

Some examples of what users can do with Ubuntu WebApps:

Launch online music site Last.FM directly from the Dash and control the music from Ubuntu’s sound menu
Access and launch your social media accounts (Google+, Twitter, Facebook) from the Launcher, and get native desktop notifications
Quickly and seamlessly upload photos to Facebook from Shotwell
Pause and play the video you are watching on Youtube
See how many unread messages you have in your GMail account, in Ubuntu’s messaging indicator

What are the pros/cons in this new Ubuntu changes?
Will askubuntu, Ubuntu forum and other Ubuntu user sites integrate as well?

Probably yes, But if you are a developer no need to wait others, here is the API, start hacking ;-)


How to open many-tabbed Gnome terminal as one windown instead of many independent windows

I don't see --tab option in gnome-terminal man page. But for example:

tab="--tab-with-profile=Default "
for i in 1 2 3 4 5
   do
   foo="$foo $tab"
   done
gnome-terminal $foo


Refer procedure given on this page:

Installing without Internet

To install Wine on an Ubuntu machine without internet access, you must have access to a second Ubuntu machine (or VM) with an internet connection to download the Wine .deb package and its dependencies.

On the machine with internet, add the WineHQ repository and run apt update as described above.

Next, cache just the packages necessary for installing wine, without extracting them:

sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get --download-only install winehq-devel
sudo apt-get --download-only dist-upgrade

Copy all of the .deb files in /var/cache/apt/archives to a USB stick:

cp -R /var/cache/apt/archives/ /media/usb-drive/deb-pkgs/

Finally, on the machine without internet, install all of the packages from the flash drive:

cd /media/usb-drive/deb-pkgs
sudo dpkg -i *.deb

The same instructions can also be used for an offline installation of the winehq-staging packages.


Kernel requires x86-64 cpu, but only detected 686 CPU

There may be two reasons for that:

Your CPU is 32-bit and doesn't support x86-64.
Hardware virtualization is not enabled in BIOS, or isn't supported by the hardware.


What are the options to add a full automatic underline in Libre office writer?

Except the starting position of the line, adding a border at the bottom would be the best solution. You can achieve this the following way:

Open the Styles and formatting dialogue (hit F11, or select Menu View -> Styles and Formatting);
Select the "Heading 1" style (single left click);
Right-click to open context menu, select "Modify";
Select the "Borders" tab;
Add a bottom border, by clicking just below the gray rectangle in the "User defined" field at the left;
Set line style, line width, and color as desired;
Hit OK;
Repeat 2-7 for other Heading styles, if required.

That's it - now, every paragraph with "Heading 1" style should have a line at the bottom, with the desired color and so on.

As already pointed out in my comment, the border will always start at the beginning of the line. But since the line hase some small distance to the heading, any underlining will still be visible.


Creating your own distro/backup (or Alternatives to RemasterSys)

Novo builder seems to be the closest software to RemasterSys, however, RemasterSys is still working in 11.04 & 11.10 as the official announcement was made 10/4/11 that the source will still be available in the repositories of Ubuntu for a short period. (http://www.remastersys.com/forums/index.php?topic=1715.0)

Here's a link to Novo Builder: http://www.cyvoc.net/novoweb/screenshots.html


The entire 88 version has chromecast integration broken. I downgraded it to the last 87 stable version which is working nicely. Try this:
wget "https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/pool/main/g/google-chrome-stable/google-chrome-stable_87.0.4280.141-1_amd64.deb"
sudo dpkg -i "google-chrome-stable_87.0.4280.141-1_amd64.deb"


I'm facing a problem with updating Ubuntu 14.04 to Ubuntu 16.04

Make your server system up-to-date
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
Reboot your system to finish installing updates:
sudo reboot
Install the update-manager-core package if it's not installed yet
sudo apt install update-manager-core
Edit this file, /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades using your favorite editor and set Prompt=lts:
vim /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades
update_manager
After this, start the upgrade process
sudo do-release-upgrade -d
You have to reboot one last time to finish
sudo init 6


Of course, check volume in every tabs in the "sound parameters" applet.
Then install and launch "pavucontrol"  (pulse audio volume control), check "output devices " tab, scroll down as your main soundcard may be the last one, increase volume on its fader. Also check "configuration" tab and try other profiles.

If not better, for additional settings, you can check volume  in "alsamixer" running it in a terminal or more easily installing "gnome-alsamixer" from software center:
Run gnome-alsamixer from launcher, choose the main soundcard from the tabs  (probably you  don't need HDMI soundcard , select the other), check volume and mute state.

If not ok, you can run alsainfo, by copying the following command line in a terminal , choose upload and post the result url:

wget http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh -O alsa-info.sh && bash alsa-info.sh


I found that multiple ibus-deamon instances were running and some other processes too, some of these would have been started by im-config, and then the other duplicate ones are likely to have been started directly or indirectly through the language-selector-gnome, so doing the following fixes the issue:

Purge the language-selector-gnome (sudo apt-get purge language-selector-gnome).
Reboot the machine.
If you now go into the gnome-control-center's Region & Language section you should find that you can now add Japanese (Anthy) as an Input Source.
So now when you set Japanese (Anthy) as your input source it you should be able to type in Japanese (though for some reason the Japanese input source only types in English).

However the standard utility for installing additional language packs does not install Japanese (Anthy) by default, in order to install it you should just be able to run:

sudo apt-get install ibus-anthy

If you have trouble though you should install the language-selector-gnome, choose to install Japanese through there, and then uninstall the language-selector-gnome as you won't be able to use Japanese (Anthy) otherwise.


Accidentally deleted icons in /usr/share, how do I get them back?

I like Bash porn so I wrote you a present:

for p in `dpkg -l | awk '/^ii  [^\ ]+/ {print $2}'`; do
    if [[ $(dpkg -L $p | grep /usr/share/icons/) ]]; then
        echo $p;
    fi;
done

That echos out all the installed packages that had files in /usr/share/icons/. If that works for you (it does for me) you can replace the echo statement with:

        sudo apt-get --reinstall install $p

It's going to use a lot of bandwidth and whatever you do, don't interrupt it, but it should get you all your packaged icons back.

Of course you can reverse that logic so you use something like this:

sudo apt-get --reinstall -s install $(for p in `dpkg -l | awk '/^ii  [^\ ]+/ {print $2}'`; do if [[ $(dpkg -L $p | grep /usr/share/icons/) ]]; then echo $p; fi; done)

The -s in there means simulation mode. That command won't actually do anything unless you remove the -s, it'll just show you what it would do. I'd probably recommend that before you jump in.

As Andrea points out dpkg -S can do all this on its own. Plus it's much quicker.

sudo apt-get -s --reinstall  install `dpkg -S /usr/share/icons/ | sed 's/,//g; s/\:.*$//'`


You might want to try throwing a sudo in front of mysql -u root -p. I was experiencing a similar issue and ended up doing this.

If you continue running into issues with the root user I would recommend making a new user account and give it the same privileges. I did this and it cleared up a lot of my headaches. This was a helpful resource for me: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-a-new-user-and-grant-permissions-in-mysql


Can I install Ubuntu fully on usb thumb drive? NOT LIVE USB

You have two questions, both duplicates.  How to install to a USB, as mentioned in the comments is a duplicate, and then how to extend the live of the USB in Optimize Ubuntu install on USB-drive for longer life  which contains a link to further optimizations for SSDs in How do I optimize the OS for SSDs? .  The easiest way to extend the life of USB installation is to run from the guest session, which is based in ram, minimizing the USB writes to cache (browser cache etc.).


The solution requires two steps.

Remove from fstab the partition(s) that no longer exist. To do this, run blkid in the terminal. Then open /etc/fstab with root privileges and look for the UUID(s) that were not listed by blkid. Delete the line(s) that contain those UUID(s). Save and close.
Run this command in terminal:

sudo update-initramfs -u

That should fix it. AFAIK this second step is required only in the Ubuntu-type distros.