Am I using the "ln" and "unlink" commands correctly?

Most of your assumptions appears correct to me, only the 4th point is incorrect.
A symbolic link is a path to the target, not  a pointer to the inode of the target,
that's why symbolink links work across file systems.

To demonstrate how the unlink command works I created a few files and a directory
in which I will create the links:

~$ touch test
~$ touch test1
~$ mkdir dir

Now I create a symbolic link to test and a hard link to test1

~$ ln -s -t dir test
~$ ln -t dir test1
~$ ls -l dir
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 user user 4 Jul 23 19:21 test -> test
-rw-rw-r-- 2 user user 0 Jul 23 19:22 test1
~$ ls -l test1
-rw-rw-r-- 2 user user 0 Jul 23 19:20 test1

You can see that the hard link dir/test1 has a hardlink-count of 2, also the target test1 has a has a hardlink-count of 2.

Now I remove the symbolic link dir/test

~$ unlink dir/test
~$ ls -l dir
total 0
-rw-rw-r-- 2 user user 0 Jul 23 19:22 test1
~$ ls -l test
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 0 Jul 23 19:20 test

We see that the link is removed, but the original file test still exists.

Now I remove the hard link dir/test1:

~$ unlink dir/test1
~$ ls -l test1
~$ ls -l dir
 total 0
~$ ls -l test1
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 0 Jul 23 19:20 test1

And again we see that the link is removed, but the original file test1 still exists, but its hardlink-count is now 1.

I never used the unlink-command, you will achieve the same result with the rm-command.


FYI the original game is free here: http://www.michaelfogleman.com/craft/

MyCraft was posted by a different developer to the Ubuntu store, so don't expect good support from him/her.


No, there is nothing wrong with copying the rc file somewhere else. That said, while you can indeed change your $HOME by adding HOME=/foo to one of the files read on startup (~/.profile, for example), that is really not a good idea. HOME is used by many things, not just your scripts and there's no reason to change it since that can have unintended consequences.

For example, the default configuration files for a variety of programs, including your shell, are stored in $HOME. If you change that, your settings will be lost.

Now, if I understand correctly, your main objective here is to have $HOME/software point to /usr/local/software. Instead of copying files around, the simplest solution would be to make $HOME/software a link pointing to /usr/local/software.

Rename $HOME/software (if it already exists):

mv $HOME/software $HOME/software.old

Make a link called $HOME/software that points to /usr/local/software:

ln -s /usr/local/software $HOME/software

Now, anything looking for $HOME/software will actually find /usr/local/software instead.

Similarly, in order to do your work locally on each machine, create the directory in /scratch and then link it to your $HOME:

mkdir /scratch/ogaday
ln -s /scratch/ogaday $HOME/work

Now, everything you do in $HOME/work will actually happen in /scratch/ogaday.

Finally, bear in mind that there are different types of shell. When you log in via ssh, you are running an interactive login shell and, on many systems, $HOME/.bashrc is ignored by those shells. While Ubuntu specifically does also read $HOME/.bashrc, for such shells, many other distributions don't. Therefore, it is safer to use $HOME/.profile and not $HOME/.bashrc to set environment variables. See here for an explanation of what files are read when.


Please HELP. On Ubuntu: error-monitoring consume my CPU

One way to find more information about the process is via System Monitor:

System Monitor → Processes → [Right-Click] → Properties


Resolved -Dual boot Windows 8 / Ubuntu 12.04 is not working - boot-repair did not help as well

Luckily, there is a fairly easy solution to this, as this is a common problem (in fact, I've had it myself). Here's what you can do:

Boot up Ubuntu and log in
Press Ctrl+Alt+T to start a Terminal emulator (Terminal)
Type sudo update-grub and press Enter
Let the command finish running, then shut down (it is important you don't restart)
Start up your computer again and....voila! You should now have Windows as an option in your boot menu (GRUB2)

In addition, it's probably a good idea to switch back to UEFI mode, since Windows 8 is configured to run in that, so it may not work otherwise. You may not be able to boot Ubuntu, then, but that can be fixed with a simple boot-repair. In general, you can fix being unable to boot Ubuntu with boot-repair and being unable to boot windows with sudo update-grub.

Good luck with your install!


duply : UnsupportedBackendScheme: scheme not supported in url: sftp://user@domain.com /srv

I've upgrade/solve following packages :

Previously package version to upgrade:

duply 1.5.5.5-1 -> 1.9.1     # Still you'll get above error, So the need to upgrade "duplicity".

duplicity 0.6.18 -> 0.6.24-1

Then may be you'll get below error in new version:

 # /usr/bin/duply opt opt_backup >/var/log/duply-opt.log
 Error: BackendException: Could not initialize backend: No module named six

Then Do it :

# pip search six
six                       - Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities

# pip install six

If need other python module the install it like as above.


Keyboard Shortcuts no longer working on GNOME 3.4.1

Doug's answer on the question linked below enabled me to change the keyboard shortcuts on gnome-shell under 12.04.  The short answer is to use dconf-editor (GUI) or gsettings (command line), rather than System Settings.

What is the keyboard shortcut to minimise a window to launcher in unity?


Udev create symlink without defalut mounting point

AFAIK, That's not possible. Kernel always create a node for the corresponding active device only if the device is ignored or removed so no access to it.

Also the node name is enforced by the kernel. udev rules can only set symlink name.


The latest update for Chromium was released within the last 24 hours for 12.04. I would expect the same for 13.04.

You may want to check your Update Manager, or run sudo apt-get update from your command line.

As of today, I am running Chromium Version 28.0.1500.52 Ubuntu 12.04 (28.0.1500.52-0ubuntu1.12.04.2


This is easily done using awk. Let's assume that your csv file is called table2018.txt (field separator is comma).
Let's us further assume that your USERs are in column 1.
Try this:
awk -F"," '{a[$1]++} END {for (i in a) print i, a[i]}' table2018.txt

No headers allowed in this case. So the first line must be a data line.
If the first line is header then use start the count from the second line by:
awk -F"," 'NR>1 {a[$1]++} END {for (i in a) print i, a[i]}' table2018.txt


You'll need to mount /mnt and /boot before:

After booting the live USB, mount the Ubuntu partition to /mnt with:

sudo mount /dev/sdaX /mnt

Replace X with your disk partition number

If you have a separate /boot partition, we'll need to mount it in /mnt/boot as well:

sudo mount /dev/sdaY /mnt/boot

Replace XYwith your /boot partition number

Now update grub with the correct root and target:

sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda


How do I down sync from ubuntuone to my computer?

If you setup your computer with Ubuntu One then it should sync all the files in your Ubuntu One folder automatically and allow you to select which "cloud folders" you want to sync under the "Cloud Folders" tab in the Ubuntu One Control Panel.

We were having problems with one of our servers that was impacting some users from either connecting to the service reliably or syncing files in a timely manner. We've got this under better control now so that should no longer be an issue if your account was on that particular server.


XML output from HTTP request from Terminal

You can copy curl command from developers tools:

Check it:

curl 'https://catalogue.onda-dias.eu/dias-catalogue/Products?$search=%22name:S1A_IW_OCN__2SDV_20170904T063918_20170904T063943_018222_01EA1A_8E10.zip%22' -H 'Connection: keep-alive' -H 'Cache-Control: max-age=0' -H 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1' -H 'User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.100 Safari/537.36' -H 'Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate' -H 'Sec-Fetch-User: ?1' -H 'Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3' -H 'Sec-Fetch-Site: none' -H 'Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br' -H 'Accept-Language: ru-RU,ru;q=0.9' -H 'Cookie: SRVNAME=N02' --compressed

You can remove unnecessary headers as long as it works:

curl 'https://catalogue.onda-dias.eu/dias-catalogue/Products?$search=%22name:S1A_IW_OCN__2SDV_20170904T063918_20170904T063943_018222_01EA1A_8E10.zip%22' -H 'Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3'

Or short version (add -H 'Accept: application/xml only):

curl 'https://catalogue.onda-dias.eu/dias-catalogue/Products?$search=%22name:S1A_IW_OCN__2SDV_20170904T063918_20170904T063943_018222_01EA1A_8E10.zip%22' -H 'Accept: application/xml'


Awesome multimonitor scenario: how to stop mirroring?

if you wanted to try another easy/reversible option, you could make a copy of your xorg.conf, and then change "true" to "off" for xinerama.

these commands should do it:

cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf ~/xorg.conf
cat ~/xorg.conf | sed 's/true/off/g' > ~/xorg.conf.new
sudo cp ~/xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf

if something goes wrong, you can copy the original back using recovery mode and this command (edit user to be YOUR username of course)

sudo cp /home/user/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf

the advantages of being able to use the second display are worth the effort and time to get it to work, in my opinion.


Dual boot of Ubuntu and Windows 7 from separate drives

Can I reinstall Ubuntu and resize it?  Yes, you can.

HOWEVER, there's a simpler and safer  solution. You can move just part of your Ubuntu filesystem to the 2 TB drive, without reinstalling either Ubuntu or Windows. This eliminates the chance of making a mistake in the process.

There's an ideal standard for Linux directories, the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (more).  You can see that if you go to the root directory of your Ubuntu drive with the Files app.

/ (AKA root)
/bin
/boot
/dev
/etc
/home
/lib, /lib64, /lib32
/media
/mnt
/opt
/sbin
/srv
/tmp
/usr
/var

Unlike Windows which likes to put everything on C:, Linux makes it easy to put those different parts of the filesystem on different partitions, even different drives.

The simplest (and default) Linux installation is to put everything under / (the 'root', the top level directory). That's what you normally get when you install.

Now, you can easily copy everything from /home to a new Linux (ext4) partition you make on your 2TB drive, which you can size as you wish with gparted, and resize later if you need to.

Why /home? It's the directory which is most likely to grow.

After copying /home from the smaller drive to the 2 TB drive, you verify everything arrived OK, then tell Ubuntu to look for /home on the 2TB drive now, then erase the old home files on the smaller drive.

Voila! You've now expanded Ubuntu's drive space without a reinstall!  Once you move /home off your boot drive, you will have a lot of room for expansion of the other bits of Ubuntu, but if you need to move more directories off the smaller drive, that's also easy to do.

STEP BY STEP

0) Make a list of your drives and their partitions the way they are now from a Ubuntu Terminal window with sudo fdisk -l. Then, click on the edit link under your original question, and paste the results you copy from that terminal into your original question, so we can double check what's going on.

1) With the gparted program which comes with Ubuntu, choose the 2 TB drive (maybe it's /dev/sdb? Sometimes it's different; make sure you've got the right drive!).

The block in the orange box shows which drive you're looking at; the blue tab button shows you all available drives and lets you change the drive. When you start gparted, it will start with your system drive, probably /dev/sda, so you will need to change drives.

2) Resize the partition(s) on the 2TB drive and make a new ext4 type partition for Ubuntu's home. How big? Well, how big is your /home right now? In step 0 above, we found out, or you can open the Files app which comes with Ubuntu. Multiply that size by five or ten.

It's important to make one change at a time with gparted. You have to make room for your new ext4 partition for your new /home, before you can create it. Choose where you will put it, shrink the partition which is there now, then click on the check mark at upper center (in the purple circle in the picture) to actually go ahead and make the change.

Once you have made space, then you can create the new ext4 partition for your new /home; right-click on unassigned space, and create a new partition with type Primary, name /home, filesystem ext4, label /home, and click on the checkmark.

3) When through repartitioning, close gparted and get back to a Terminal, to run sudo lsblk which will show us more info we will need soon. Again, click on the edit link under your original question, and paste the results you copy from that terminal into your original question, so we can double check what's going on.

SPEED BUMP

We stop here before outlining the next steps ( copying everything from your original /home to the 2 TB drive, checking to make sure it's AOK, then making that your new /home, and deleting the old files in the old /home) because a review of your drives and partitions is a VERY good idea before moving on!


it looks like the underlying issue is with the OpenSSH packages, which X2Go depends on. Specifically, it looks like openssh-client is being upgraded from p1-5ubuntu1.2 to p1-5ubuntu1.3, but openssh-server is not being upgraded from p1-5ubuntu1.2. They need to both be upgraded at the same time to the same version.

Try running "sudo apt-get update" and seeing if your still have the problem. There may have been a temporary issue with the openssh-server not update being pushed out to your ubuntu apt mirror.

You should then be able to run "sudo apt-get install openssh-server openssh-client" without issue; that command actually upgrades those 2 packages (instead of installing them) because they're already installed. If that command works without issue, then so should "sudo apt-get upgrade". which upgrades every package on the system.

Note: I am an X2Go Developer


Try this extension https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/14/shut-down-menu/

Or press ans hold alt key to show the shutdown option


Is there a program to search for files in local networks?

When you refer to LANs you are probably talking about Windows networked computers and shares. In Linux you can mount those shares and you are able to browse the content of those shares with nautilus after mounting them.

After mounting a share on a mount point in the file system, nautilus will be able to find files inside those shares.

If you need instructions on how to mount a share in your Ubuntu computer have a look here.


In case someone else needs to know, I deactivated it by installing unity-tweak-tool

sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool gnome-tweak-tool

In order to run and use it, you'll need to install a lot of things it says are missing.
For me these were:

notify-osd
unity-webapps
overlay-scrollbar

Inside unity-tweak-tool, you can disable things being triggered by moving to the edges. Yay.


How many ports opened by a single application

I would use

sudo netstat -plunt

for the full list of active connections, then you can filter for node with grep  e.g.

sudo netstat -plunt | grep node

Explanation

from man netstat

  netstat - Print network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships

-p, --program
   Show the PID and name of the program to which each socket belongs.
-l, --listening
   Show only listening sockets.
-u UDP
-n numeric - instead of names, like ssh, http
-t TCP


I prefer the "something else" option, because then I know exactly what's going on.

It should be fairly straightforward:

Don't touch any partitions other than ext4 or swap.
Double click the existing 'ext4' partition that currently has Ubuntu 17.04 on it.
Leave the size as it is.
Select 'use as ext4 journaling file system'.
Check 'format the partition'.
Choose '/' as mount point from the drop-down menu.
Click OK.
Double click the swap partition to see if 'Use as swap area' is selected, if so, click OK.
Choose the device for bootloader installation. In a normal case, this is just your primary hard drive (i.e. /dev/sdx). It will overwrite the Windows bootloader with Grub, allowing you to select the OS to boot in Grub. If you are running a dual boot right now, this is most likely how it is configured already. If so, you can select your primary hard drive as bootloader device. If, on the other hand, you don't want to overwrite the Windows bootloader, and you want to manually add Ubuntu to the current bootloader after installation, you should select the 'ext4' Ubuntu partition (/dev/sdan) as the device for bootloader installation. (I don't recommend the latter, I've been using Grub for years in a Windows-Ubuntu dual-boot configuration and it works just fine.)
When clicking 'Install now', it will ask you to confirm your actions. Just make sure that you didn't accidentally select your Windows partition to be formatted.

Note that in my case, /dev/sda1 and /dev/sda2 are Windows partitions (you can tell because they are 'ntfs' partitions). /dev/sda3 is my Ubuntu partition of type 'ext4'. It will be formatted during installation, and it will be used as the root / of the file system. /dev/sda4 is the swap partition.

Note: If you installed Ubuntu 17.04 without LVM, or if you didn't upgrade from a previous version to 17.04, you probably don't have a swap partition in the list.
If that's the case, it's a good idea to create one now. When selecting the size to use for the 'ext4' partition, leave a couple of GiB for swap, then create a new partition in the free space you created, and use it as swap.
You could also use GParted to create this partition, if that's more familiar to you. The same rule applies there: don't touch any Windows partitions, and double-check everything before confirming.


Slow graphical remote connection in linux

I've no clear idea about your problem because I did not follow evolution of part of kernel. But if you would face your problem, I'd slowly decrease for testing purposes, the size of the resolution: make many tests with correct values (got with vbeinfo) but by smaller step, up to 800x600 or 640x480. Just with the information you give, I suspect many bugs, bug in firmware of your board (you did not explain how you recovered hardware), and/or bug in the driver of your graphics board. Another tests I suggest to do, is to boot your pc on old live cd of ubuntu or knoppix, and test what you did. The choice of old distribution is to be sure the linux kernel will not use "special hardware" features of your graphics board that could involve around your problem.


In Ubuntu 18.04 (running xfce, not that it matters). I fixed the problem. Here's the solution that worked for me. It went a little like this:

$ sudo prime-select nvidia
Info: the nvidia profile is already set
$ nvidia-settings
Error: nvidia driver is not loaded // Problem!
$ sudo prime-select intel
// Grub updates... some other configs are changed.
$ sudo prime-select nvidia
// Grub updates... configs are changed again.
// REBOOT.
$ nvidia-settings
// Et Viola! (Which means, and there it is.)

YMMV. Good luck out there. :)


System almost halted by backgrounded `yes` command

If a computer starts misbehaving , use Magic Sysrq keys. Hold Alt+SYSRQ together, and press one by one, with a little delay after each, R,E,I, S,U,B to reboot the system in a safe maner.

If even that fails - powering off will be the last resort


HP envy x360 - Ubuntu 18.04 - hardware issues

I can confirm all issues above in 18.10 using 4.18.0-10-generic, amd_gpu and mesa 18.2.2.

When I have a soft lockup instead of hitting the power button I press and hold

    ALT + Print Screen and R, then, S, then, E, then, I, then, N, then, U, then, B.

That reboots the OS a little more gracefully then the power button and should avoid a fsck if something is still writing, as with these lockups I notice that sometimes the hard drive light still going.

Otherwise I'm just going to wait until 19.04, when hopefully the remainder of the bugs are resolved, or use uuku to upgrade the kernel if I ever get around to it.


Newest version of a library not available in xenial, how can I install it?

You could either do that with some combination of pinning and older releases servers, or you could just use the right ppa

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cginternals/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libglfw3


aptitude is not included in Ubuntu installations by default; you have to install it to use it, typically, as apt-get is usually the way to install things.

You can install aptitude by running: sudo apt-get install aptitude


Oracle SQLDeveloper "no ocijdbc12 in java.library.path"

For me it only works when I set the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable to the Instant Client directory, doing so in /etc/ld.so.conf.d/oracle.conf and running sudo ldconfig doesn't.


How to prevent dput from uploading *.orig.tar.gz again?

To prevent dput from uploading (again) your orig.tar.gz file you need to remove it  from the source.changes file.

To do so, you basically have to change your call to the build command to add the -sd option. It will force the exclusion of the original orig.tar.gz source.

From the dpkg-genchanges man pages:

   -sd    Forces  the  exclusion  of the original source and includes only
          the diff.

For the dpkg-buildpackage command:

$ dpkg-buildpackage -sd

For the debuild command:

$ debuild -sd

For the pdebuild command:

$ pdebuild --debbuildopts -sd


GUI tools to make partitions automount

From your comment, I understand the GUI tool did not add anything to your fstab file. In general, I am not very fond of GUI tools to edit fstab; many times unnecessary options are added or errors occur.

Making an ntfs partition automount, using the uuid

Since making an ntfs partition automount is relatively simple, I would prefer to do the following:

Create a directory to mount the partition into, e.g.:

sudo mkdir /media/mountpoint_name

Run sudo blkid. It will output lines like:

/dev/sda5: LABEL="intern_2" UUID="2899FAA548C61099" TYPE="ntfs"

The uuid you are looking for is 2899FAA548C61099 in the example above (If that would be the partition you'd like to automount)
Open your fstab file:

sudo -i gedit /etc/fstab

Add a line to the file, looking like (an entry from my fstab file as an example):

UUID=0A444ED409660B91 /media/intern_1 ntfs auto

(Replace /media/intern_1 by the mount point you created in [1])

Test the mount by running sudo mount -a. The drive should mount, and will automount & show up in "devices" from then on:

Note

In most cases, instead of using the uuid, you can simply use the partition's mention (which is also in the output of `sudo blkid), e.g.

/dev/sda5 /media/intern_1 ntfs auto


Moving min/max/close buttons back to right hand side for full screen windows

just install and use ubuntu tweak ( http://ubuntu-tweak.com)

in ubuntu tweak goto the desktop->window manager setting section on the left.
then goto windows titlebar button layout and click the place right choice offered to you.

to install ubuntu tweak just go to the website and download the .deb file
and open it with ubuntu software center ..
it usually is installed in applications->system tools->ubuntu tweak

good luck


Account Permissions should be custom to each machine and scenario. I recommend reading into these man pages to create your own level of account permissions. To do so run each commands manual page proceed the command with man as in this style:

man users

or

man groupadd

I recommend groups which uses these commands:
groups groupadd groupdel groupmod

I also recommend checking into user commands:
users useradd userdel and usermod

There is also the change commands:
chmod chown chgrp

Utilize their man pages to create custom account permissions. Good Luck!


Unable to create either a new project or user

There are no such restrictions, it appears you are encountering a configuration bug.


Skylake Integrated Video says display UNCLAIMED on 16.04

I finally got to solve this after days.
First, I had the problem that the HDMI cable was not recognized.
There recommendations about kernels so upgraded and downgraded several versions but the problem persisted.

I started seeing the drivers as you and installed the Intel Updater Tool. This installed and apparently updated the driver but I had failed to read complete instructions that tell you to add a new source to repository, update and upgrade.

After this, I run the updater tool, but holy, same result: display UNCLAIMED.

Finally I remembered I had altered a line of the GRUB to nomodoset, so I deleted it, rebooted, and voila, the driver was loaded and HDMI recognized.

Sources:

Change boot parameters:  https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1613132
Intel updater tool for Ubuntu 16.04: https://01.org/linuxgraphics/downloads/intel-graphics-update-tool-linux-os-v2.0.2
   Be sure you read all installations instruction down to bottom


How to set interval of synchronization in Ubuntu One?

There is no such setting. The only way to not sync files to the server is to disconnect, which you can do by pressing Disconnect in the Ubuntu One control panel application.


Workaround from https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DebuggingPrintingProblems#AppArmor_Protection_of_the_printing_system

Make sure apparmor-utils is installed: apt-get install apparmor-utils

If you have any problems with printing, try deactivating the AppArmor protection with sudo aa-complain cupsd. Note after doing this I had to unplug and replug the printer for it to work.

You can re-activate AppArmor via sudo aa-enforce cupsd.

  If this helps, look for messages containing audit in the
  /var/log/syslog file. These show which components are accessed by the
  printing system for which there is no explicit permission given in
  /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.cupsd

More details in the above link. (They also want you to report the bug).


What software can convert all video formats to iPod nano mp4 format?

Arista Transcoder
Arista Transcoder is designed specifically for this sort of thing. It has many presets for devices including the Ipod Nano. You can convert from a file or a number of devices, such as webcams and DVD drives.


netplan: how to run script on if-up of specified device only

As described in /usr/share/doc/networkd-dispatcher/README.md.gz, the device name is passed in the IFACE environment variable, the same as is used for if-up.d.

This document also describes the naming requirements of network-dispatcher hook scripts.

Please note that as of Ubuntu 18.04, networkd-dispatcher only supports reading its hooks from /usr/lib/networkd-dispatcher, not from /etc/networkd-dispatcher.  (This is a bug in the netplan.io website; but the correct fix is for the package to gain support for /etc/networkd-dispatcher.)


Some BIOS's have two settings, which is a bit confusing - Boot Priority and Boot order.  An example of this is the old Award BIOS. Change the Boot order to the generic "usb device" then make sure that the USB device is plugged in when you turn the machine on and enter the BIOS.  Save the BIOS settings.  You should now see the device listed in Boot priority, though if it still doesn't appear try a reset (warm boot) and enter the BIOS again.

Another way to do it is the boot menu.  Make sure it is enabled in BIOS and press the required key (usually F12 to open the boot menu and select the boot device. Check the motherboard manual if you are not sure.


How to install a Cisco valet connector without internet?

To install Wine once you get an internet connection, copy and paste the following commands:

sudo su

Then type:

add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa --y && apt-get update && apt-get install wine1.7 wine wine-gecko2.24 gnome-exe-thumbnailer --y

That does everything automatically. Just paste the first command in, enter your password, and enter the big command. The big command adds a PPA that will keep Wine up to date with the latest development version.


Can read but cannot write to Samba share

After hours of searching, I discovered that the share name and the share directory cannot be the same (and it's not case-sensitive, either).  See this post on serverfault.

So, if I change my share name in smb.conf from:

[Music]

to

[Tunes]

I can both read and write to the share.  No other changes to my smb.conf were necessary, and no need to chmod 0777.


Quickly place a window to another screen using only the keyboard

Install CompizConfig Settings Manager

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Run CCSM → Go to bottom (Window Management) → Go to "Put."
Enable the plugin.
Configure shortcut for "Put to next Output."
Log out and back in again.

If the plugin put doesn't appear in CCSM, install the compiz-plugins  package. (sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install compiz-plugins)

EDIT: The required plugin package is now called compiz-plugins on 12.10 and higher. compiz-plugins-extra  is still used for 12.04.


How can I integrate the design of LibreOffice 5.2.0.4 into Ubuntu Unity

You have to install libreoffice-gnome package via Synaptic.


How to use keystrokes to browse with Nautilus

Return opens a folder, then the shortcut for 'Back' is Alt-LeftArrow


I found the answer at : http://codeabout.wordpress.com/2011/03/05/fix-your-non-bootable-linux-partition/.
I loaded the original Ubuntu 1004 CD using the temporary version on the disk and then opened the terminal.
After checking the name of the Boot Partition (sudo fdisk -l) this confirmed it as :  /dev/sda1. (The computer only used the one operating system).
I then used the command:  sudo fsck /dev/sda1
This produced a couple of error messages to which I answered "Yes"
e.g. Force rewrite  - Yes
I then rebooted and Ubuntu 1004 loaded correctly.
I hope this may be of help to others who cannot boot up after a forced switch-off of the computer.


Can you run this command and put the result?
sudo lshw -class network

Also, what computer are you using?


I had the same problem. For some reasons, my "Screen Reader" option in "Universal Access" was turned on (I suspect my daughter) and was preventing the new lock screen to kick in.

Apparently, "on-screen keyboard" option could also cause this behaviour as suggested in this thread:

How to restore the new 14.04-lockscreen

I suggest you check in System Settings > Universal Access to see if you have any option enabled that could be the cause of the problem.

Good luck


GRUB doesn't detect Windows an second hard drive

I had the same problem, os-prober did not detect my installation either, it was because on my windows 7 partition there was files missing...

/grld
/Boot/BCD

Don't know the utility of these files but was missing... I copied them from other windows install and solved the problem

pg@pipoTower: ~$ sudo os-prober
/dev/sda1:Windows 7 (loader):Windows:chain
/dev/sdc1:Windows 7 (loader):Windows1:chain
/dev/mapper/lvmvolumeSda6-root:Ubuntu 15.04 (15.04):Ubuntu:linux

Possible duplicate

GRUB does not detect Windows


Found the answer.

Samba doesn't use the normal Ubuntu user credentials for authentication.
It uses its own credentials database.

To add a user to the Samba credentials database, execute:

sudo smbpasswd -a USERNAME

Where USERNAME is your Ubuntu username.
Then, after entering the sudo password, enter your Ubuntu password twice.
Do this for every user, then Samba will work.

This can also be done graphically by installing and using system-config-samba.

However system-config-samba doesn't start because the file /etc/libuser.conf is missing.
You need to create it first (an empty file will do):

sudo touch /etc/libuser.conf

Canonical and Ubuntu Developers: this is not user friendly!


Uninstall it in software center.
Open terminal and type :
sudo apt-get install gnome-panel It will ask for password. When typing : password won't show, but you're typing it!


Installed older software from Software Centre. Newer version available elsewhere. How to update?

You can update all your software on your Ubuntu system like this:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

or

sudo apt-get install bowtie

You can use install, it will check for the latest version.

I hope this helps


Transfer program output from one Linux system to another

The classical way is connecting over the network through ssh: open a terminal on system S2, ssh into system S1. You now see the terminal prompt of S1. Run "htop". The output will only be delayed on a very weak network connection

Better yet, learn to work with a multiplexer tool such as tmux or gnu screen. In your S2, open a terminal, ssh into system S1 and start tmux (which must be installed on S1 - type "sudo apt install tmux` in your ssh session to have it installed. Now, you can close your terminal anytime on S2, or shut S2 down. Next time you ssh into S1, reconnect to the running session and you will see the terminal with applications running on S1 as you left it.


How can I examine the files inside an Appimage?

Without changing their extension:

As such, an appimage can be mounted or extracted. That is:

To mount them:

my.AppImage --appimage-mount

  The AppImage is unmounted when the application called in the example
  is interrupted (e.g., by pressing Ctrl+C, closing the terminal etc.).

  Note: This is only available for type 2 AppImages. Type 1 AppImages do
  not provide any self-mounting mechanism. To mount type 1 AppImages,
  use

mount -o loop

To extract them:

  An alternative to mounting the AppImages is to extract their contents.
  This allows for modifying the contents. The resulting directory is a
  valid AppDir, and users can create AppImages from them again using
  appimagetool.

  Analog to mounting AppImages, there is a simple commandline switch to
  extract the contents of type 2 AppImages without external tools. Just
  call the AppImage with the parameter --appimage-extract. This will
  cause the runtime to create a new directory called squashfs-root,
  containing the contents of the AppImage’s AppDir specification.

  Type 1 AppImages require the deprecated tool AppImageExtract to
  extract the contents of an AppImage. It’s very limited functionality
  wise, and requires a GUI to run. It creates a new directory in the
  user’s desktop directory.

There is an answer on superuser on how to extract files from an AppImage.

Looking at my appimages I see that only some of them can be mounted with gnome-disk-image-mounter. Also here.

Changing their extension:

Not all appimages have exactly the same structure, but all are archives.  Wikipedia says: "An AppImage of version 1.0 is an ISO 9660 Rock Ridge file (which can be optionally zisofs compressed) containing a minimal AppDir and a tiny runtime. (Version 2 may use other file system image formats like SquashFS)".

So, it can be extracted. In this way you can examine the files.

Simply changing the extension from AppImage to an archive extension that my file-roller archive manager can read (I tested with zip, 7z, etc)  and double-clicking the file reveals the contents in file-roller:

They can also be extracted, of course. The "extract" file manager context menu action works too in order to extract the archive. (As said in comment, the unzip command reports an error with a file renamed with a zip extension, so renaming to zip is not the proper choice in itself, but it works with archive managers like file-roller.)


Stop pgAdmin 4 from launching on boot (ubuntu 16.04)

Facing the same issue on Ubuntu 18.04 with KDE Plasma 5.12.6. The key problem is that KDE saves desktop session and restores it on reboot. That's why pgAdmin 4 starts automatically if it was running before reboot.

In order to fix this go to "System Settings", select "Startup and Shutdown" tab in "Workspace" section and then select "Desktop session":

You will see that "Restore previous session" box is enabled in "On Login" section there. If you want to exclude pgAdmin 4 only from being restored on login then just type a full path to its executable in "Applications to be excluded from sessions":

/usr/bin/pgAdmin4

You can detect a path by running:

which pgAdmin4

If you don't want to save desktop session related data then another simple solution is to tick "Start with an empty session" box.

After that click "Apply" button and reboot the system. Now pgAdmin 4 will start and open a browser only when you make it explicitly.


Ubuntu 16.04 LTS still not offering dist-upgrade to 18.04 LTS

MOST IMPORTANT: Disable all power saving, screen time-out, screen
saver, auto logout, etc settings.

[1] In Software & Updates set Notify me of a new Ubuntu version''
    toFor any new version''.

[2] From the command line run ``update-manager''

That should do it.


Completely disable Ubuntu 16.04 updates Yoga 2 11

In the System Settings go to Software & Updates, under "Updates" set "Automatically check for updates" to Never

And Disable unattended upgrades:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure unattended-upgrades

Select "no" when asked "Automatically download and install stable updates?" then select "ok".

Instead of disabling apt-get it would be better to place a hold on packages you dont't want to get updated as shown in the answer to this question:

How to prevent updating of a specific package?


Problem with [fn]+[F4] and [fn]+[F5] on a Fujitsu Lifebook A 544

I don't know if it works for you, but I found a link with a tutorial (in italian, but there are translation services) in order to make Fn keys work on your Fujitsu notebook.
Here is the link:
Tutorial

Hope it will solve your issue.
Good luck.


Very low volume from headphones and external speakers on HP p7-1235 (Ubuntu 12.04)

Try installing pavucontrol:

sudo aptitude install pavucontrol

It might be that an output device has its volume low and the volume indicator doesn't control it (i.e. when you increase/decrease the volume, this only affects one sink only)


Ubuntu upgrade to 13.04 won't let me connect to wi-fi (or to Ethernet)

Try to use these commands in a Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T):

sudo apt-get remove bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

Or use purge instead of remove to wipe it, then re-install.


I'm not awfully clear on what you've done & why, but I believe this is what you're asking for (NB: taken from 12.10 - it should be similar):

ace@ace2:~/src$ sudo head -n 20 /root/.bashrc
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples

# If not running interactively, don't do anything
[ -z "$PS1" ] && return

# don't put duplicate lines in the history. See bash(1) for more options
# ... or force ignoredups and ignorespace
HISTCONTROL=ignoredups:ignorespace

# append to the history file, don't overwrite it
shopt -s histappend

# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)
HISTSIZE=1000
HISTFILESIZE=2000

# check the window size after each command and, if necessary,
# update the values of LINES and COLUMNS.


Yes, heavy I/O usage should logically 'Reduce the lifespan of the flash drive'.
Probably not. You'll loose a bit of non-synced data, and might need to run the filesystem check.
Yes. USB2 is much slower then SATA interface, ...USB3 is better, but still, many flash drives are not as fast as HDDs.

Good luck.


How to find the difference between a script file and a binary file?

Just use file:

$ file /usr/bin/add-apt-repository
/usr/bin/add-apt-repository: Python script, ASCII text executable
$ file /usr/bin/ab
/usr/bin/ab: ELF 64-bit LSB  shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.32, BuildID[sha1]=569314a9c4458e72e4ac66cb043e9a1fdf0b55b7, stripped

As explained in man file:

NAME
   file — determine file type

DESCRIPTION
 This manual page documents version 5.14 of the file command.

 file tests each argument in an attempt to classify it.  There are three
 sets of tests, performed in this order: filesystem tests, magic tests,
 and language tests.  The first test that succeeds causes the file type to
 be printed.

 The type printed will usually contain one of the words text (the file
 contains only printing characters and a few common control characters and
 is probably safe to read on an ASCII terminal), executable (the file con‐
 tains the result of compiling a program in a form understandable to some
 UNIX kernel or another), or data meaning anything else (data is usually
 “binary” or non-printable).  Exceptions are well-known file formats (core
 files, tar archives) that are known to contain binary data.  When adding
 local definitions to /etc/magic, make sure to preserve these keywords.
 Users depend on knowing that all the readable files in a directory have
 the word “text” printed.  Don't do as Berkeley did and change “shell
 commands text” to “shell script”.

You can also use a trick to run this directly on the name of the executable in your $PATH:

$ file $(type -p add-apt-repository | awk '{print $NF}')
/usr/local/bin/add-apt-repository: Python script, ASCII text executable
$ file $(type -p ab | awk '{print $NF}')
/usr/bin/ab: ELF 64-bit LSB  shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.32, BuildID[sha1]=569314a9c4458e72e4ac66cb043e9a1fdf0b55b7, stripped

To find the file type of all executables that can be found in the directories of your $PATH, you can do this:

find $(printf "$PATH" | sed 's/:/ /g') -type f | xargs file

And to run file on all files in a particular directory (/usr/bin, for example), just do

file /usr/bin/*


Sounds like Flash has gotten currupted probaly a config file.
Check this out see if it helps your issue:

sudo apt-get --purge remove flashplugin-installer
sudo apt-get --purge autoremove
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:sevenmachines/flash
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install flashplugin64-installer

https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/firefox/+question/157822

Of course assmuming that your running 64bit Ubuntu. If not then install flashplugin-installer instead.


How to configure LVM & LUKS to autodecrypt partition?

I've just been through this on my new home server, it took a lot of googling and guessing, but I've got it working.  I'll attempt to reproduce the steps here.  I'm using Ubuntu Server 11.10, and started with a pretty much standard install using encrypted LVM, so I'll just relate the changes I made from there.

Setup:

/dev/sda1 is my unencrypted /boot partition
/dev/sda5 is my lvm partition which contains everything else -- root, swap, and home
/dev/sdc1 is the partition on my USB flash drive where I'll store the keyfile

First, I created a keyfile, just in my home directory:

dd if=/dev/urandom of=keyfile bs=512 count=4

(you can use a larger blocksize or count for a larger key)

Tell cryptsetup the new key (it's the contents that are important, not the filename):

sudo cryptsetup luksAddKey /dev/sda5 keyfile

Then, I formatted my USB flash drive with ext2 and gave it a label.  I used a label, so that later I can mount it by label, and replace the USB flash drive in case something goes wrong with it.

sudo mkfs -t ext2 /dev/sdc1
sudo e2label /dev/sdc1 KEYS

(of course, your device will vary)

Now, copy the keyfile to the USB flash drive, owned by root mode 400:

mkdir KEYS
sudo mount /dev/sdc1 KEYS
sudo cp keyfile KEYS
sudo chown root KEYS/keyfile
sudo chmod 400 KEYS/keyfile

Modify /etc/crypttab.  Mine originally contained

sd5_crypt UUID=(...) none luks

which I changed to

sd5_crypt UUID=(...) /dev/disk/by-label/KEYS:/keyfile luks,keyscript=/lib/cryptsetup/scripts/passdev

Finally, update the initramfs:

sudo update-initramfs -uv

It now boots using the keyfile on the USB flash drive.  If I remove the flash drive (say, when I go on holiday) it doesn't boot and my data is secure.

If anyone knows how to get it to ask for the passphrase if the USB flash drive is missing, that would be handy as a fallback.  Hope this helps, any additions or corrections would be more than welcome!


Where is Ubuntu Desktop for 64 bit i386?

If you absolutely cannot switch hardware you can still install the 32-bit desktop version through HTTP or if you'd like through a torrent client.

You're not the only one: there are currently 1537 seeders seeding that torrent...

It's not available any more from the download page as Canonical is moving away from 32-bit but it'll buy you some time until the cash situation becomes a bit more favourable.  (You'll still have full support from Canonical till April 2021 for 16.04)

Beware that the 32-bit version is now pretty niche as not many people are aware of its existence, so support for anything outside the standard Ubuntu software repository (read:PPAs) is disappearing fast, so you'll end up having to build all your software from source if you're planning on using this for an extended period of time...


Not able to connect to irc.freenode.net on XChat IRC client in Ubuntu 13.04

Freenode is having a huge DDoS right now, it should be fixed soonish.


How to provide more up-to-date versions of existing Ubuntu software for a lower version?

In this case you are dealing with debian source package not bazaar source repository, did you get the idea?

The work-flow is quite different. I can't resume every thing here, it is a vast topic. Here some points to show you a quick one of many ways out there.

Check which package

$ which apt-add-repository
/usr/bin/apt-add-repository

$ dpkg -S /usr/bin/apt-add-repository
software-properties-common: /usr/bin/apt-add-repository

Download the source

apt-get source software-properties-common

Install build dependencies

sudo apt-get build-dep software-properties-common

Build source package

$ cd software-properties-*/
$ dch

software-properties (0.96.20ubuntu1~trusty) trusty; urgency=medium

  * Backport to trusty

 -- First Last <username@gmail.com>  Sun, 20 Nov 2016 18:43:42 +0100

$ cd ../software-properties-*/
$ debuild -S

$ ls ..

Upload to PPA

dput yourppa ../software-properties_0.96.20ubuntu1~trusty_source.changes


I had similar problem and fixed it with the following steps:

Open k3b.
Go to Settings -> Setup system Permissions.
Select all options and apply.

It will ask for your password (you must be admin).

If it doesn't works, open k3b from terminal with sudo -H k3b, and try same steps as before.

Should help.


Well, as far as I know:

X Window System = X Windows = X11 (although this can be also name for type of license similar to BSD)

X because it was developed in 80s by MIT X Consortium, but don't know why not Z Consortium :)


How do I specify a private key for decrypting in gpg

You should be able to use --keyring <file> and --no-default-keyring.

From the gpg man page:

   --keyring file
          Add  file to the current list of keyrings. If file begins with a tilde and a slash, these are replaced by the $HOME directory. If the filename does not contain a slash, it is assumed to
          be in the GnuPG home directory ("~/.gnupg" if --homedir or $GNUPGHOME is not used).

          Note that this adds a keyring to the current list. If the intent is to use the specified keyring alone, use --keyring along with --no-default-keyring.

It does seem odd this would be necessary. Perhaps the encrypted file does not specify the recipient properly or at all?
If it is anonymous you might need to use --try-all-secrets also.


Accessing Ubuntu from Windows over Samba: The specified network name is no longer available

when you map the network drive from Windows, do not [Browse] for the share. instead, type it in manually (eg. \192.168.0.100\ubuntushare). then check the box that says, "Connect using different credentials".

when you click [Finish], you'll be prompted for a network password.  enter either your Ubuntu login credentials (or, preferably, your samba user/pass (as generated with the command: sudo smbpasswd -a USERNAME)).


How do I delete an entry in 'ip route list'?

The command to do that would be:

ip route del 172.31.16.0/20 dev eth1  proto kernel  scope link  src 172.31.23.44


ps -xa | grep node to kill specific process

Use pkill:

pkill node

This would match the other command as well, so fine tune it:

pkill -f "node --harmony app.js"

This matches the full command line (-f) exactly, so it should only hit the desired command.


Merge partial mirror into reprepro distribution

Seems the best answer is a working example

Configuration files

conf/distributions

Codename: trusty
Components: main universe
Architectures: amd64
#Update: test1
Pull: pull1

Codename: vivid
Suite: production
Components: universe
Architectures: amd64
Update: update1

conf/updates

Name: test1
Suite: trusty
Method: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
Components: main
Architectures: amd64
VerifyRelease: blindtrust
FilterList: deinstall list

Name: update1
Suite: vivid
Method: http://eu-west-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
VerifyRelease: blindtrust
Components: universe
Architectures: amd64
FilterList: deinstall list1

conf/pulls

Name: pull1
From: vivid
FilterList: deinstall list1

Lists have same format of dpkg --get-selections > list

conf/list

gedit                       install
geany                       deinstall

conf/list1

libre2-1    install

Commands needed:

reprepro update trusty
reprepro update vivid
reprepro pull trusty

For short, you can run:

reprepro update
reprepro pull


How to convert Ubuntu cursor to Windows and conversely?

Gursor Maker allows to edit cursors for X and allows to import themes made for Stardock CursorXP


The problem

This is most likely a video card driver problem. Looking at the computer's specs you have an AMD video card, so you may be able to work around the problem by installing AMD's video drivers. Pilot6 said you just need to type sudo apt-get install fglrx into your console, but it is not entirely correct, as the last LTS release -14.04.2 LTS- is not able to install this package at all, because of the LTS Enablement Stack. I had this very problem not long ago and the solution may be a little obscure.

The solution

Open up the Software and Updates dialog, either by searching in the dash or by looking for it in the settings manager. You can also type software-properties-gtk in a terminal to obtain the same effect.
Navigate to the Updates tab and activate Pre-released updates (trusty-proposed).
Wait for apt to syncronize, then close the Software and Updates dialog.
To successfully install the drivers either run:

sudo apt-get install fglrx/trusty-proposed fglrx-amdcccle/trusty-proposed

or:

sudo apt-get install fglrx-updates/trusty-proposed fglrx-amdcccle-updates/trusty-proposed

Reboot and check if the driver works by typing fglrxinfo. The expected output should look like this:

display: :0.0  screen: 0
OpenGL vendor string: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
OpenGL renderer string: AMD Radeon HD 7400 Series
OpenGL version string: 4.4.13374 Compatibility Profile Context 15.20.1013

I hope this helps, let us know of any changes in your situation. :)

Source


You can also do this just for your user. System -> Preferences -> Keyboard go to the Layouts tab and select Options. Then check Key sequence to kill X server.

Or run gnome-control-center from a terminal if you're using a shell without that same menu hierarchy.


Partition not showing in dpkg-reconfigure grub-pc (grub2) menu

I used http://feeding.cloud.geek.nz/2010/10/manipulating-debconf-settings-on.html to manually set the dpkg (debconfig) flag. I had to use this command (nb. this is dangerous, dont use this as a copy paste solution)

echo "set grub-pc/install_devices /dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA_MK1646GSX_481JF04DS-part3" | debconf-communicate

There is more detail in the link above which should help with most debconf issues.

Incase anyone else hits the problem there are more details here: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1981034


Filesystem shows /dev/nvme0n1p1 instead of /dev/sda

This is normal if you have your disk connected through an NVM Express port instead of e.g. a traditional SATA port.

So just imagine in your case /dev/nvme0n1 being equivalent to /dev/sda and e.g. /dev/nvme0n1p6 (which is your / root partition) being equivalent to something like /dev/sda6.

Other than the naming, there should be no notable difference when it comes to simple partitioning operations like growing your root partition. Just follow the guide How to extend my root (/) partition? with your appropriate disk and partition names.

By the way, the command lsblk or lsblk -f can help you a lot to get a quick overview of your disk and partitioning structure and to look up the device names.


I want to use Ubuntu desktop edition for free in my organization. Do I have to pay for that?

Ubuntu is completely free, though Canonical sells optional management software, which is how they make their money. (http://www.ubuntu.com/management)


You were right in considering -execdir. Something simple like the below should work

find testfolder/ -name '*.nef' -execdir mkdir -p NEF \; -execdir mv {} NEF/ \;


It appears that this is a bug in the kernel.

From the comments on that bug report, running the command sudo rmmod intel_powerclamp seems to have stopped the kidle_inject processes and I haven't noticed any issues with doing so as of yet.

Hopefully this will be fixed soon. If I do notice anything I will update this answer.

Update

The rmmod command needs to be run every time you boot the machine. I have not noticed anything bad happening since running this command.

Update 2

I have noticed since doing this that my CPU temp now tends to run much lower at around the ~72°

For making this set while booting use a command

echo "blacklist intel_powerclamp" > /etc/modprobe.d/disable-powerclamp.conf


I had the same issue, but my wireless is Realtek rather that Ralink. Nonetheless the fix is pretty much the same, the problem is caused by a driver issue.

Please see the below for instruction on how to install your wifi drivers.

How to install wifi driver Ralink RT3290


You can create a symbolic link from this long name to a short name

Symbolic link can be created using ln -s

If you like to call this disk /media/D you can:

sudo ln -s  /media/very-long-name /media/D

And from now on, you'll be able to access the disk also using /media/D

man ln

  ln - make links between files
  -s, --symbolic  - make symbolic links instead of hard links


Installing Skype on 12.10 64 bit causes errors

This is more of a comment than an answer (because it doesn't provide a solution, since there isn't one at the time) but: there is no functional 64-bit .deb Skype package for Ubuntu 12.10 64-bit. Source: Skype forums.

The package http://download.skype.com/linux/skype-ubuntu_4.0.0.7-1_amd64.deb is "fake" (source: http://www.mindwerks.net/2012/06/skype-4-0-on-ubuntu-precise-12-04-64-bit-2/). Trying to install it will ultimately fail with E: Package 'ia32-libs-multiarch' has no installation candidate

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Skype is outdated and incorrect - the Canonical partner repo doesn't list Skype.

Summary: you're SOL


Ubuntu 17.04 and AMD Radeon R5 340X and Intel HD Graphics 4600

Everything related to my Monitors is in ~/.config/monitors.xml. Backing up this file and Storing it in a secure location should do the trick. As mentioned in the comments though, if you have intermittent problems saving a incorrect config isn't going to fix anything.


How to prevent Nautilus from starting in KDE?

Looks like it was some bug. Nautilus no longer starts after downgrading from -proposed repository.


When a vendor asks what version of Linux you have, it is very plausible that what they mean by version is in fact distribution. In this case, if you are on Ubuntu 12.04, then that is what you should reply with.

If they specifically want the version number for the Linux kernel they will generally be more specific in stating so.


Ubuntu on Celeron D 326 2.53 GHz, 2 GB RAM and GMA 950

Ubuntu should run perfectly fine one that machine, but just to check burn a live CD and give it a go!

As for Unity 2d, have a see whether Unity 3d runs fast enough for you, 2GB of RAM and that CPU should handle it perfectly though.

32bit vs 64bit: Depends whether you plan on upgrading to 4GB+ of RAM really as this is the only real difference nowadays. I always but 64bit where I can just to be on the safe side and haven't run into problems so far.

Lubuntu will run slightly faster but not enough to compensate for what it lacks in comparison to Ubuntu's Unity in my opinion. If you don't believe me make a live CD/USB of that too and give that a go!

Hope this helps


Dual boot Ubuntu(latest) and Windows 10 on Msi H170M Pro-Vdh using Msi Click Bios 5

Often Boot-Repair can fix booting type issues with Ubuntu and some other Linux. It can only do very minor fixes to Windows issues. One fix often is just a install of grub to MBR if BIOS or to ESP if UEFI. But some need advanced options and full reinstall of grub.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

Occasionally with complex configurations, it is better to have someone who understands issues review details. You can post the Summary Report from Boot-Repair.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Info

Boot-Repair will not create partitions, with gpt partitioning you may need either the ESP - efi system partition(UEFI boot) or a bios_grub partition(BIOS boot).
If older BIOS/MBR, it does not require additional partitions.

How to prepare a disk on an EFI based PC for Ubuntu?

Boot-Repair can create a copy of shimx64.efi as /EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi if you tick/check the     'Use the standard EFI file' in advanced options.
Boot-Repair also suggests one of several alternative methods (BCD edit) to get UEFI systems that only want to boot Windows. Other methods:

Dual boot Win 8 / Ubuntu loads only Win


How to install Oracle Java on Ubuntu 14.04?

Using a PPA (Obsolete)

  Note: WebUpd8 team's PPA has been discontinued with effective from April 16, 2019. Thus this PPA doesn't have any Java files. More information can be found on PPA's page on Launchpad. Hence this method no longer works and exists because of historical reasons.

You can use WebUpd8 PPA (this will download the required files from Oracle and install JDK 8):

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer

Are PPA's safe to add to my system and what are some “red flags” to watch out for?

Also ensure your JAVA_HOME variable has been set to:

/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle

For this you can use the following command (see step 3 of Manual Install to see how to make it permanent):

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle

Manual install

The tar.gz provided by Oracle don't have an actual installation process. You just extract those files to a location you want and add them to your path. So the process is the following:

Download a .tar.gz from Oracle (here I will be using jdk-8u20-linux-x64.tar.gz);
Extract it to somewhere;
Move the extracted folder to /usr/lib/jvm. This is not required but it is the place where Java runtime software is installed, and where tools like IDE's may search for it:

sudo mv /path/to/jdk1.8.0_20 /usr/lib/jvm/oracle_jdk8

Before addin this jdk as an alternative, you can see that the new alternative is not listed:

sudo update-alternatives --query java

sudo update-alternatives --query javac

Next, add the new jdk alternatives (2000 is the priority and feel free to pick a different number):

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/oracle_jdk8/jre/bin/java 2000

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jvm/oracle_jdk8/bin/javac 2000

Now you should see the new jdk listed and you can switch between the alternatives with this command:

sudo update-alternatives --config java

sudo update-alternatives --config javac

Create a file /etc/profile.d/oraclejdk.sh with the following content (adapt the paths to reflect the path where you stored your JDK):

export J2SDKDIR=/usr/lib/jvm/oracle_jdk8
export J2REDIR=/usr/lib/jvm/oracle_jdk8/jre
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/lib/jvm/oracle_jdk8/bin:/usr/lib/jvm/oracle_jdk8/db/bin:/usr/lib/jvm/oracle_jdk8/jre/bin
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/oracle_jdk8
export DERBY_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/oracle_jdk8/db

Done! Those paths will only be recognized after you logout or restart, so if you want to use them right away run source /etc/profile.d/oraclejdk.sh.


18.10 - "BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ffffffffae4ca800"

The problem seemed to improve with kernels 4.18.0-15/16/17. However, since upgrading to Ubuntu 19.04 with kernel 5.0.0.-13, I haven't seen this problem again so far.


Drop into the root shell as described here.
Change the root password by giving the command passwd root
Change the passwords of the other users by the command passwd username


How do I install the latest version of Chromium in Ubuntu 13.10?

At this point, it appears that the Chromium Project pages on Launchpad have become inactive and out of date. The last dev, beta, and daily successful builds from this particular project were made about 65 weeks ago(over a year).

Currently, there is a PPA dev build available as well as two Debian/Ubuntu channels(dev and beta ) provided be Google: that provide deb packages for installation. See The Chromium projects page for additional information.

Dev channel for Debian/Ubuntu provided by Google

Dev channel for 32-bit Debian/Ubuntu
To install, run the following command from the command line:

sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-unstable_current_i386.deb
Dev channel for 64-bit Debian/Ubuntu
To install, run the following command from the command line:

sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-unstable_current_amd64.deb

Beta channel for Debian/Ubuntu provided by Google

Beta channel for 32-bit Debian/Ubuntu
To install, run the following command from the command line:

sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-beta_current_i386.deb
Beta channel for 64-bit Debian/Ubuntu
To install, run the following command from the command line:

sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-beta_current_amd64.deb

Launchpad chromium-dev PPA

There is a chromium dev build(>= version 29.0 at this time) available as a PPA here.

Installation from the command line:

The latest dev PPA can be obtained by running the following commands from the terminal(Ctrl-Altt):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:saiarcot895/chromium-dev
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install chromium-browser

Installation from the Synaptic Package Manager:

Select Settings --> Repositories --> Other Software --> Add and enter: deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/saiarcot895/chromium-dev/ubuntu YOUR_UBUNTU_VERSION_HERE main
Select Add source. Next, select the Reload button on the menu to re-index your package list
In the Quickfilter field, enter "chromium" and you will see the latest versions of the packages available for installation from this project.
Finally, mark the packages that you are interested in, and click the Apply button.

I have not personally tested this build. Take a look at launchpad for more details on this PPA.

The last successful build (29.0.1547.0-0ubuntu0ppa3) occurred on 6.26.2013 is available for saucy, raring, quantal, precise, and oneiric.

  NOTE: Some Chromium features, including Sync, require an API key, which is not included with the packages below. See the launchpad page for additional configuration instructions.

See here for the stable release:

How to install the latest stable version of Chromium?
Are PPA's safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?

Always remember that PPAs are provided by the community, you should be aware of the possible risks before just adding a PPA.


You can increase power with this commandsudo iwconfig wlan0 txpower 20 but please do it in small increments if you set it to high you could destroy your device. Some devices will not accept higher power settings. You can set it to auto with sudo iwconfig wlan0 rate auto replace wlan0 with your connections name in iwconfig it is most like wlan0 or eth1.


Unable to access internet on 14.04 dual booted with Windows 10

When I had a similar issue, it was because I hadn't set the DSN Address correctly. If you're using static IP addresses, it would be worth checking. (In my case, I had a minor typo)

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

ensure you set a valid dsn address - I use google's

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.0.210
gateway 192.168.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
dsn-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4


Can't get my Netgear A6210 USB Wifi Adapter to work on my linux Ubuntu

I suggest that you remove the inoperable file:

cd ~/Documents
rm -rf Netgear-A6210

Now clone and build a better version:

git clone -b port-to-4.15 https://github.com/kaduke/Netgear-A6210.git
cd Netgear-A6210
make
sudo make install

Reboot.


A system update or Clementine upgrade might fix the problem.  From terminal try:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade clementine

It's good practice to exit out of applications before powering off; I'd try that too.  Next, you could try shutting down from terminal (what I do everytime with Ubuntu Server 12.04):

sudo poweroff now

Add the -f option to force it if that doesn't work.  There's also a --verbose option that will help identify the problem.  Lastly, you can kill the process(es).


Use GPT partitioning instead of dos to enable partition size to be larger than 2T.


Ubuntu 12.10 slow after fresh installation

are you using the open source drivers or the properiarity drivers from AMD?

if you are using the open source drivers try the one from AMD you can download from their site.
It will give you a big performance boost, but you will get updates not as fast as the open source drivers do.


Installing MATLAB Ubuntu 12.10, persistent "permission denied" problem

I had the same problem. I tried installing the MATLAB R2012b.

The problem was the login name. Make sure you write the correct login name during the installation process, and its case sensitive.

I deleted the files and re-installed it and it worked.

Good luck.


Ubuntu 12.04LTS stuck at login mouse and keyboard not responding

Phew!
Thanks for the help blue; so this is what I ended up doing:

From grub boot menu entered recovery
mount -o rw,remount /
Commented out any samba or nfs mounts in my fstab file, as these were interfering with enabling networking.
Enabled networking
sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get upgrade and sudo apt-get update --fix-missing
dpkg-reconfigure lightdm  (I switched to lightdm)
Rebooted, this gave a properly functioning command line login shell.
8.sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
startx

Things seem to be working, but the desktop did crash once for no apparent reason.
If the desktop crashes again, I might remove ubuntu-desktop and just use an old 90's style cruddy twm or something.


Broadcom bcm4323 with ubuntu 12.04 having ndiswrapper problem

1.Install the packages ndiswrapper-dkms ndiswrapper-utils-1.9 ndiswrapper-common ndiswrapper-source by sudo apt-get install ndiswrapper-dkms.
2.Run sudo modprobe ndiswrapper.
3.Calm down.


Ubuntu 16.04 boots to desktop background, keyboard doesn't work

I've encounter the same problem today but my keyboard was working. But I can suggest you to try following things:

Try to connect another keyboard.
Maybe right click works. Have you try that ?
Try to boot on Ubuntu Live cd. Normally it let will you reinstall (depends on how you've organize your files but it may be a solution).
If you had ssh on your Ubuntu 16.04 (normally yes) and have another PC (Linux is best), you can with ethernet connect them.

Then try to know which IP are near you(try: nmap -sP 192.168.1.0/24 on the another PC)... Normally not so much. Try to find which is good one or get their hostname (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/657482/how-to-find-host-name-from-ip-with-out-login-to-the-host).

After that, try to connect via ssh (If you have ssh on your Ubuntu).

ssh user@ip_adress:/home/user
# Or
ssh user@hostname:/home/user

On Windows you have Putty to make easily ssh connexion.

If you recover keyboard or a terminal, try several link on web who propose to solve problem: ubuntu just mouse and wallpaper.

None of these links has solved my problem, but I make another thing:

I remove and reinstall lightdm because it won't start. After, I simply do the following steps (Becarefull, you'll loose all preferences and settings in your programs if you do this steps, but it's essential.):

Add a new user and connect with him.
If that's working (sidebar, menu comes back), back up file of old user (without any .* folder, like .config !! Just data.)
Delete old user. And remove his home (sudo rm -Rf /home/old_user)
Reboot: sudo reboot
Create once again your user as you like.

Good luck !


pip install is stuck at cloning - is it possible to download the package separately, store it and install it from that?

I have the same but after one hour it passes and reinstalls django. I don't understand how it happens but passed. I think it is not right.
Better https://github.com/nesdis/djongo and look inside setup.py
what the django version

    Collecting git+https://github.com/django-nonrel/django@nonrel-1.5
  Cloning https://github.com/django-nonrel/django (to revision nonrel-1.5) to /private/var/folders/0y/r25j6k916ql6zgsjqk7b7txc0000gn/T/pip-req-build-s0vxu1g4
Checking out files: 100% (5524/5524), done.
Branch 'nonrel-1.5' set up to track remote branch 'nonrel-1.5' from 'origin'.
Switched to a new branch 'nonrel-1.5'
django-pagedown 1.0.6 has requirement Django>=1.8, but you'll have django 1.5.11 which is incompatible.
Installing collected packages: Django
  Found existing installation: Django 2.1.4
    Uninstalling Django-2.1.4:
      Successfully uninstalled Django-2.1.4
  Running setup.py install for Django ... done
Successfully installed Django-1.5.11


How can l display files from 1 to 17 and from 3605 to 3610 using ls?

Well, you're using [...] there, which is pathname expansion and that supports only ASCII ranges of 0-9 so you'd have to get creative with it or use extended globbing

Simpler (imho) approach would be to use brace expansion,

ls train_example_{1..17}.py train_example{3605..3610}.py


equivalent of command line 'shutdown -h +60' but for suspend to RAM?

This is already answered on askubuntu.

Short story, something along the lines of:

sleep <time in seconds> && pmi action hibernate as root

or equivalent using at would do it.


Unable to locate package ambari-server in ubuntu 12.04

IF you have a 64-bit system follow the steps below. The packages are NOT available for 32-bit.

Download the list file for Ubunru 12.04 and place the file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d via

sudo wget --output-document=/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ambari.list http://public-repo-1.hortonworks.com/ambari/ubuntu12/2.x/updates/2.0.1/ambari.list

After that

sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com B9733A7A07513CAD
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ambari-server

All packages are available here, too.


Install Nvidia GeForce 740M driver in Ubuntu 12.04

Simply install the current by using

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

or the updates with

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current-updates

Since you have a double graphic card configuration, I assume that you will also need to take a look at bumblebee, which will be useful to switch between the two graphic cards.

Please note that some manufacturers, like Asus, sometimes modify the hardware thay put into their laptops and the stable proprietary drivers simply won't work (I've seen at least 2 cases on the italian forum).

In this case you will need to use the experimental drivers 319 or 325 from the Xorg edgers ppa. Obviously, since they are experimental, it is possible that you will experience some problems.


Found it! Bit long winded, and involved going through the discussion for the Super+a commit on gnome-shell (found here), then analyzing the code a little bit.

Finally, I used gdbus to execute the JavaScript, inspired from this snippet about loading themes from JavaScript. Final result is this beautiful snippet:

gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell \
  --object-path /org/gnome/Shell --method org.gnome.Shell.Eval \
  'Main.overview._dash.showAppsButton.checked = true;Main.overview.show();';


Can't connect to certain WIFI-networks on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

First, I suggest that you remove the incorrect Broadcom driver. As your device is an Intel, the driver is not helpful. From the terminal:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo modprobe -r wl

Next, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Check yours:

sudo iw reg get

If you get 00, that is a one-size-maybe-fits-all setting. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Then set it temporarily:

sudo iw reg set IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Set it permanently:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/crda

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit.

Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

Next, I'd set IPv6 to Ignore in Network Manager: http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/18/html/Installation_Guide/images/netconfig/network-connections-ipv6-ignore.png  This example is for ethernet, but you want wireless.

If these changes do not help, please try:

sudo modprobe -r iwlwifi
sudo modprobe iwlwifi 11n_disable=8

If it helps, make it permanent:

sudo -i
echo "options iwlwifi 11n_disable=8"  >>  /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
exit

Is there any improvement? It may take a reboot.


You make a USB bootable or you put your image on a dvd.
Then start your computer on the chosen support and make a classic install. It will ask you if you want to reinstall your system or if you want to upgrade it. Choose «upgrade to 15.04» then procede.


How can I count files with a particular extension, and the directories they are in?

I haven't examined the output with symlinks but:

find . -type f -iname '*.c' -printf '%h\0' |
  sort -z |
  uniq -zc |
  sed -zr 's/([0-9]) .*/\1 1/' |
  tr '\0' '\n' |
  awk '{f += $1; d += $2} END {print f, d}'

The find command prints the directory name of each .c file it finds.
sort | uniq -c will gives us how many files are in each directory (the sort might be unnecessary here, not sure)
with sed, I replace the directory name with 1, thus eliminating all possible weird characters, with just the count and 1 remaining
enabling me to convert to newline-separated output with tr
which I then sum up with awk, to get the total number of files and the number of directories that contained those files. Note that d here is essentially the same as NR. I could have omitted inserting 1 in the sed command, and just printed NR here, but I think this is slightly clearer.

Up until the tr, the data is NUL-delimited, safe against all valid filenames.

With zsh and bash, you can use printf %q to get a quoted string, which would not have newlines in it. So, you might be able to do something like:

shopt -s globstar dotglob nocaseglob
printf "%q\n" **/*.c | awk -F/ '{NF--; f++} !c[$0]++{d++} END {print f, d}'

However, even though ** is not supposed to expand for symlinks to directories, I could not get the desired output on bash 4.4.18(1) (Ubuntu 16.04).

$ shopt -s globstar dotglob nocaseglob
$ printf "%q\n" ./**/*.c | awk -F/ '{NF--; f++} !c[$0]++{d++} END {print f, d}'
34 15
$ echo $BASH_VERSION
4.4.18(1)-release

But zsh worked fine, and the command can be simplified:

$ printf "%q\n" ./**/*.c(D.:h) | awk '!c[$0]++ {d++} END {print NR, d}'
29 7

D enables this glob to select dot files, . selects regular files (so, not symlinks), and :h prints only the directory path and not the filename (like find's %h) (See sections on Filename Generation and Modifiers). So with the awk command we just need to count the number of unique directories appearing, and the number of lines is the file count.


Disable microphone loopback into headset

The Logitech G Pro X has it's own loopback feature (also called monitor or sidetone). Ubuntu's sound volume settings won't affect the volume of the sidetone; however, whenever the mic is muted, the sidetone is disabled too.
Try to connect the headset to a Windows computer and use Logitech G HUB to adjust or disable the loopback/monitor/sidetone feature.
Another option would be to try to use this tool in Ubuntu to control the sidetone feature of your headset.
Please confirm which option works for you, if any.


sudo passwd command with no-interactive mode

As you are running as root already, no need to use sudo ;)

echo "root:your_desired_root_password"|chpasswd

Works in scripts as well.

See http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/man8/chpasswd.8.html

You can also use expect or other scripts:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8236699/script-to-change-password-on-linux-servers-over-ssh

or similar links


Use Windows Boot Loader to dual boot Ubuntu-MATE and Windows 10 (both UEFI)

as @rancho pointed out it is not possible to add Ubuntu boot entry into the windows boot manager.

However if you install Ubuntu as a dual boot with GRUB it will give you the choice that you are looking for albeit in a text format rather than a graphical one.


Can't run Netbeans or Eclipse, but can compile Java applications manually

You are using JDK 9 which is still in development. Some command-line arguments/features from earlier JDKs are not (currently) present in Java 9. Try downgrading to JDK 8.

P.S.: Have you tried IntelliJ? It's my personal preference for an IDE.


IBus Mandarin pinyin input adds extra letters

I had the same problem. If I chose iBus Pinyin it seemed it only accepted two keystrokes for each character. So the remaining keystrokes went into creating another character I did not want. If I wrote hao the o went into a new character.

I changed to sunpinyin (which also came with iBus) and it worked.

I also read that fcitx can be used.


Can't understand the arguments of this make clean command

This will direct both the stdout and stderr of the make command to be put into the file make.log - please see the bash reference manual for more information


Is “obey pam restrictions” still supposed to work in Samba 4 (Ubuntu 20.04)?

OK I got a straight answer from the Samba team
Basically, to sum things up, setting up a limit for individual file size can not be done with Samba
The full discussion can be found in the february mailing list archive (https://lists.samba.org/archive/samba/2021-February.txt.gz)


How do I set Ctrl+Alt+something for Audacious global hokeys?

assuming you use gnome, just run gnome-keybinding-properties and configure to your taste


How do I change my lock screen in Ubuntu 13.10?

It turns out that this is handled in gsettings.

I used this command:
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver user-switch-enabled

After this I did a reboot and user switching worked again.


Is there a way to remove something locked to the launcher using terminal?

The solution isn't really intuitive. In both your 16.04 version and 14.04 click on the Settings icon in Launcher. Then select Appearance. Then pick Behavior tab. This screen will appear:

Settings Appearance Behavior

mark the check box beside Add show desktop icon to the launcher

Took me a year to stumble across it myself :)


How can I install the daily build of the ubuntu kernel into the ubuntu live CD?

This can be a good starting point. You'll likely need an already existing Linux running, will download Ubuntu sources, prepare the system with anything you want (kernel, in your case) and then create an image out of it.


You can simply use dbeaver command from terminal or your script to launch its GUI.
$ dbeaver &


How child process still running when i exit terminal window?

Closing an interactive non-login terminal (such as a terminal window in Gnome or kde) won't send a SIGHUP signal. You can change that behavior in other type of shell (via a huponexit option) but not in interactive non-login term's.
See https://askubuntu.com/a/685291/798765 for more details on huponexit ;)


How to call php or apache to render a page from the command line?

Can you just add it to Apache as a new virtualhost?
The simplest way to get something to behave like a website is to treat it like a website. If you could just host this as a local website (eg only on the 127.0.0.1 interface) and wget it, that would probably be the cheapest and cleanest way to deal with this.
Run it as a script with the php command
You can run php example.php > output.html and that should work for most simple scripts.
Note that this will use the php-cli configuration rather than mod_php, php-fpm, php-cgi, etc configurations. That might be important if you have a funny setup.
Edit: I saw this question yesterday that might be of use. It's aimed at wordpress but the same logic should apply for most things where you need to fake a real request. You set up a load of PHP's $_SERVER variables so your script (whatever that might be) can execute correctly… And then include your script.
Use the PHP built-in server (requires PHP 5.4+)
If you cd into your directory and run php -S localhost:9000 you start a local server on port 9000 that will host your website. This is only for testing things like this and should never be exposed to the internet.
This allows you to do a traditional wget lookup:
wget -O output.html http://localhost:9000/example.php

From my previous (now deleted) answer, if you find yourself needing to spoof the domain name, wget will let you pass the host in. This comes in handy if the PHP is doing lookups on server variables.
wget -O output.html --header "Host: example.com" http://localhost:9000/example.php


Is there a kdegames package alternative in 15.04

Here's a list of the dependencies from Utopic. They're all available in Vivid, so I'm not sure why kdegames is gone.

http://packages.ubuntu.com/utopic/kdegames

bomber (>= 4:4.11.3) arcade spaceship game
bovo (>= 4:4.11.3) gomoku (five in line) board game
granatier (>= 4:4.11.3) Bomberman clone
kapman (>= 4:4.11.3) Pac-Man clone
katomic (>= 4:4.11.3) atomix puzzle game
kblackbox (>= 4:4.11.3) Black Box puzzle game
kblocks (>=4:4.11.3) falling blocks game
kbounce (>= 4:4.11.3) Jezzball arcade game
kbreakout (>= 4:4.11.3) ball and paddle game
kdiamond (>=4:4.11.3) three-in-a-row game
kfourinline (>= 4:4.11.3) Connect Four game
kgoldrunner (>= 4:4.11.3) Lode Runner arcade game
kigo (>= 4:4.11.3) go game
killbots (>= 4:4.11.3) port of the classic BSD console game robots
kiriki (>= 4:4.11.3) Yahtzee dice game
kjumpingcube (>= 4:4.11.3) simple tactical game
klickety (>= 4:4.11.3) SameGame puzzle game
klines (>= 4:4.11.3) color lines game
kmahjongg (>= 4:4.11.3) mahjongg solitaire game
kmines (>= 4:4.11.3) minesweeper game
knavalbattle (>= 4:4.11.3) battleship board game
knetwalk (>= 4:4.11.3) wire puzzle game
kolf (>= 4:4.11.3) miniature golf game
kollision (>= 4:4.11.3) simple ball dodging game
konquest (>= 4:4.11.3) simple turn-based strategy game
kpat (>= 4:4.11.3) solitaire card games
kreversi (>= 4:4.11.3) reversi board game
kshisen (>= 4:4.11.3) Shisen-Sho solitaire game
ksirk (>= 4:4.11.3) Risk strategy game
ksnakeduel (>= 4:4.11.3) Tron-like snakerace game
kspaceduel (>= 4:4.11.3) SpaceWar! arcade game
ksquares (>= 4:4.11.3) Dots and Boxes game
ksudoku (>= 4:4.11.3) Sudoku puzzle game and solver
ktuberling (>= 4:4.11.3) stamp drawing toy
kubrick (>=4:4.11.3) game based on Rubik's Cube
lskat (>= 4:4.11.3) Lieutnant Skat card game
palapeli (>= 4:4.11.3) jigsaw puzzle game
picmi (>=4:4.11.3) Number logic game
kajongg (>= 4:4.11.3) classical Mah Jongg
game

All of these packages can be installed in 15.04 using...

sudo apt-get install bomber bovo granatier kapman katomic kblackbox kblocks kbounce kbreakout kdiamond kfourinline kgoldrunner kigo killbots kiriki kjumpingcube klickety klines kmahjongg kmines knavalbattle knetwalk kolf kollision konquest kpat kreversi kshisen ksirk ksnakeduel kspaceduel ksquares ksudoku ktuberling kubrick lskat palapeli picmi kajongg


How do I install a GUI on the Ubuntu server 17.04

The ubuntu-desktop package is a metapackage which will include X11 (the GUI.)

A metapackage is a virtual package that will install a collection of other packages.

Once you log into the text console run:  sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

The following link will show you the packages it will install.

https://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/ubuntu-desktop


I had the same problem and found this post: https://forums.amahi.org/viewtopic.php?f=26&t=4951

Following that advice, I fixed the problem by downloading both the x86 and x86-64 jars of SWT for Linux/GTK2 from here: http://download.eclipse.org/eclipse/downloads/drops4/R-4.3-201306052000/#SWT

You need to extract each jar into a temporary location:
unzip foo.jar

Go into crashplan/lib and move the existing swt.jar and swt-64.jar files aside so you can put them back if this doesn't help.

Copy the swt.jar from the x86 jar into crashplan/lib as swt.jar

Copy the swt.jar from the x86-64 jar into crashplan/lib as swt-64.jar

With luck CrashPlanDesktop will then start OK. I don't know why this is necessary or whose fault it is that it broke, but it did work for me!


Ubuntu's ufw command is case sensitive, the TCP should be lower case

sudo ufw allow 5432/tcp


What are some appropriate & light PDF Viewers for Heavy PDFs?

There's Okular (available from the Software Centre), but that might be too heavy for your needs.


"command not found" for scripts in ~/bin

~/.profile is automatically sourced only on login. You have to log out and back in for changes to take effect.

You can also run source ~/.profile in a terminal, but the changes will take effect only for that terminal.

When you ran exec -l bash, that opened a login shell, but only in that terminal.


Why the ssh error trying to log into orange pi running ubuntu core?

The answer turned out to relate to a couple of problems but the principle solution was:

Do not create a ssh key that includes passphrases.

This was not apparent from the instructions - one is expected to have priori knowledge.

And yes the Terraterm needs to point to the file that ssh-keygen creates.


How can I configure a virtual host on Apache?

I wanted to comment on the question for further information but I haven't had enough reputation point, so I just try answer this for you to give us little more information.

I did the same steps as you listed above in my new VM, and it's work fine.

I don't know exactly how you test the above domain, whether browser in your box (ubuntu - client) or in your host (which is running virtualbox).

If you're trying to visit the domain under client-ubuntu, you can add more IP into virtualhost tag:

<VirtualHost ejemplo.es:80 127.0.1.100:80 192.168.1.100:80></VirtualHost>.

Here 127.0.1.100 and 192.168.1.100 are example IPs that all pointing to ejemplo.es.

If you're trying to access from your host with IP 10.0.x.x, it may be not accessible. Especially if you didn't select the right network type for your VM. You can ping the IP first before checking the local domain work. In my case, I select the bridge connection (with copied NAT), so my VM can act just like any other physical device in my network.

Other thing is, if you have your site which is already on-service, and you want a local environment for developing and testing, it's better to use different domain (such as: .local, .dev) instead of using same domain.


Most likely the command is being executed.

The xinput float technique given in Is there a way to disable a laptop's internal keyboard? works... but not if you run it from rc.local. xinput requires the X Window System to be running. But it's not running yet at the time rc.local is executed.

Most of the time, the best solution is to have your xinput command run automatically every time you log in graphically. See:

How do I make a program auto-start everytime I log in in Ubuntu 14.04?
How do I make a program auto-start every time I log in?

Open Startup Applications (you can search for it in the dash). In the Startup Programs tab of the Startup Applications Preferences window, click the Add button.

I took this screenshot on a MATE desktop, but if you use Ubuntu's default Unity desktop, or GNOME Shell, it's the same.

Fill in the fields:

Put whatever you want for Name. It should probably be something descriptive, like "Disable Internal Keyboard."
For Command, put xinput float 12 (assuming 12 is the number of the device you wish to disable, as shown in the output of xinput list).
Comment is optional.

Then click Add.

Log out and back in, to check if it works.


ibus switching between input methods no longer working on 16.04

Just ran into this hiccup when upgrading, and input methods always give me hell whenever I upgrade my distribution, so I thought I'd post the answer here.

Go into the preferences interface window (via preferences on the panel menu, or alternatively by right clicking the panel icon), navigate to the advanced tab, and then uncheck "use system keyboard layout". This will stop your default system layout overriding ibus when you toggle between layouts.


I did as follows and it worked for me.

Store sound card settings.

sudo alsactl --file asound.state store

Edit asound.state file as per my requirement (eg. disabling speaker and enabling headset).

Copy the edited asound.state on the original configuration file.

cp asound.state /var/lib/alsa/asound.state

Reboot the system. And it worked.

I am still confused that when I used amixer commnads to disable speaker and enable headset, and after that I Store the configuration to asound.state file, then why I am getting the original configuration instead I should get the changed configuration with speaker disabled and headset enabled?


How can I get the "Ubuntu with Wayland" option on 18.04?

Try again, you may be offered the choice now.

I noticed in Sept. 2018 that the Wayland option under the gear icon at login was offered and worked on my laptop running Ubuntu 18.04 with the Nvidia 390.48 drivers.  After the initial installation of 18.04 in May, the Wayland option was not offered, but after some update, that changed.  Try again, you may be offered the choice now.

I just noticed that maybe all that happens is that the switch to the Intel drivers has been implemented. The Settings/Details/About show the Intel Sandybridge for Graphics. lshw -c video shows both.

For my Ubuntu 19.10 install, Wayland is not offered if the Nvidia proprietary drivers are installed.  The automatic switch to the Intel drivers was removed, as was the Wayland login option.


I can't open DVDs in VLC whenever I suspend my system, why?

Okay, someone posted the answer on Google Plus.

Micah Green (https://plus.google.com/u/0/102136182668884097283/posts) suggested that you install libdvdcss.

Tim Cummings (https://plus.google.com/u/0/104389497239909407158/posts) says that hibernating and suspending can cause odd behavior like this.


12.10 system with optimus, bumblebee and nvidia current wont install

What card are you using?
You may need the repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates

(https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Bumblebee#Installation)


Ubuntu 18.04 cannot recognized Intel Wireless-AC 9260

It is a problem with fast startup mode of Windows. I think because in that mode, Windows keeps the wireless adapter for itself when shut down. hence Linux cannot detect it.

Just go into Settings > Power & Sleep > Choose what power button does > Shut down setting > uncheck the Turn on fast startup > save change and it will work.


I suggest to install previous version - 4.2.2.6. I found it on the archive site.
Its MD5 is 4dec3ade37a3738c6f084858a4554861, so it does not modified.

Then install it as you did before:

sudo dpkg -i viber-for-linux-4-2-2-6-en-ubu.deb
sudo apt-get install -f

On my 14.04 LTS it launches normally.

Update: I got latest Viber 7.0.0.1035 working on my 14.04 LTS after manual downloading of libstdc++ from Xenial (16.04 LTS) to /opt/viber/lib directory:

wget -O viber.deb http://download.cdn.viber.com/cdn/desktop/Linux/viber.deb
sudo dpkg -i viber.deb
sudo apt-get install -f

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gcc-5/libstdc++6_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.5_amd64.deb
dpkg -x libstdc++6_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.5_amd64.deb /tmp/stdc
sudo cp /tmp/stdc/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6* /opt/viber/lib

sudo apt-get install libqt5gui5 # prevent errors about xcb


If you have docky installed this fixed the problem for both of my machines.

Ubuntu 15.04 Unity + Docky, Cairo-Dock, or Plank

(DOCKY)

cd ~/.config/autostart
nano docky.desktop
add X-GNOME-Autostart-Delay=20

(IF YOU USE CAIRODOCK)

cd ~/.config/autostart
nano cairo-dock.desktop
add X-GNOME-Autostart-Delay=20

Or you can remove either one from autostart.

Example docky.desktop in ~/.config/autostart with 20 second delay

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=docky
Hidden=false
NoDisplay=false
X-GNOME-Autostart-Delay=20
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true
Name[en_US]=Docky
Name=Docky
Comment[en_US]=
Comment=


VSCode error when launched from terminal

Since it seems safe to ignore the startup errors, add this to your .bashrc:

function __code {
   if [ "$@x" != 'x' ]; then
      (~/path/to/Code "$@" &) &> /dev/null
   else
      (~/path/to/Code &) &> /dev/null
   fi
}

alias code='__code'

This will allow you to use the same calling convention as in the documentation.

If you don't want to suppress the errors just remove the &> /dev/null bit.

Also don't forget to replace ~/path/to with the actual path where you extracted the zip file to.


How can I check the health of my hard drive?

For the desktop, you can use "Disk Utility" (aka palimpsest or gnome-disks depending on the Ubuntu release) for this.

For the command line I suggest you install the smartmontools package and play around with smartctl. Eg:

sudo smartctl --all /dev/sda


How to install emacs modules when using snap emacs

Snaps are isolated, so you can't change their internals. Remove it with

snap remove emacs

I would recommend to install Emacs and the module as regular deb-packages

sudo apt-get install elpa-yaml-mode

and use them in convenient way.


Launcher icon duplicated when I launch Android Studio, why?

Try modifying the desktop file (jetbrains-studio.desktop for me)
This file if created by android studio contains the line:

  StartupWMClass=jetbrains-studio

while the one created by umake contains:

  StartupWMClass=jetbrains-android-studio

change it to

  StartupWMClass=jetbrains-studio

and save it, You might need super user permissions (sudo) for the same.

Reference: https://github.com/ubuntu/ubuntu-make/issues/270#issue-142174619


Please help with getting Steam to run on Ubuntu

You are in luck my friend. I have installed Ubuntu over the weekend and run into 10000 problems, one of which was this exact issue.  I used these set of commands below to make it work. It's important that you follow the order that I issue the commands & also that you modify where it says "johnsmith" to your username within your home directory.

rm -rf ~/.steam
rm -rf ~/.local/share/Steam
sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dri:i386

Now you need to run steam so that it downloads the files. You then need to modify one of the files it installs with the commands below.

cd /home/johnsmith/.steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu
mv libstdc++.so.6 libstdc++.so.6.bak

That's it. If you couldn't navigate to the directory, I've seen some users say that the final file is located in the directory below instead.

 cd /home/johnsmith/.steam/steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu


Filezilla stopped working on upgrade to 16.04

I had just deleted the file ~/.config/filezilla/filezilla.xml and it worked.

I think something's wrong with the old configuration file.


How to convert a HTML file to PDF (with colors)

Open your html file in LibreOffice Writer and then, under File in the menu, choose export to PDF. That's it.

If you prefer the command line, take a look at Convert HTML Page To a PDF Using Open Source Tool - Linux / OS X / Windows.

The software can be installed using sudo apt-get install wkhtmltopdf.


How can you disable qualcomm atheros in ubuntu 13.10 plazma kde desktop?

If you wish to disable a networking interface, you can temporarily remove its driver. Find out from the terminal:

sudo lshw -C network

Your device will show a driver such as ath9k or alx or ath5k or some such at the line including 'driver=.' Simply unload the driver:

sudo modprobe -r <some_driver>

Of course, substitute the driver you actually found. If you want it to be permanent, blacklist the driver:

sudo -i
echo "blacklist <some_driver>"  >>  /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
exit


No VGA output (even grub2) after successful install

First, try Ctl+Alt+F1, it should open a command line interface. (If that doesn't work try F2 or F3 instead of F1)

Then try running sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

After that, run sudo reboot, and hopefully it will be working. If not, go back into the command line and install VNC: sudo apt-get install tightvnc

To start the server, run vncserver

After VNC is setup, connect to the computer remotely with the program of your choice, then navigate to settings, and 'Additional Drivers'. Install any proprietary drivers available.

Reboot and cross your fingers!

If none of this works, but you can get to the command line, maybe try installing a different display manger.

If you are unable to get to the command line on the computer, as a last resort try removing the hard disk, attaching it to another linux system, and using chroot run the same commands.


GIT, SVN, Mercurial and Bazaar packages available to install (GUI & Terminal)

Well, there's:

git-all which gives you all the git packages [editor's note: do not attempt to install git-all in 16.04 or later, as it breaks with systemd] (or, if you want to get just the core git packages (cli only, as this skips the GUI tool) git-core. See also: Is there a GUI client for Git?
subversion as for a GUI there are several projects which are designed as a front end to Subversion
bazaar for a GUI there is bzr-explorer See also: What is Bazaar and how do I use it?
mercurial and here is a list of Mercurial GUI tools


As a last resort, boot into Ubuntu using a live cd copy whatever files you need and also your package list and perform a fresh install. Using your package list you can reinstall programs pretty easily.


16.04 Upgrade: Failed to fetch Empty files can't be valid archives

Go to "Ubuntu Software Center->Edit->Software Source"
select from "Download From" and choose "Other..." and click "Select Best Server".
It will take some time...
And it comes up with best server for you.
Then chose that server and type command below again,

sudo apt-get update