In order to mount a device during boot, it has to be mapped in /etc/fstab, otherwise it will only be mounted when the user logs in because gnome or unity would detect external devices.

First, you need to know the path to the usb device, which is not the same as /media/myUSB (that's where the device is mounted). To do so, execute:

sudo fdisk -l

You should see diferent devices, typically /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb1... The letter identify physical discs, while the numbers identify partitions so presumably an external usb should be at least "b". In my system I have this:

/dev/sda1             2048   97656344  97654297  46,6G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2         97656832 1074219007 976562176 465,7G 83 Linux
/dev/sda3       1074219008 1082032127   7813120   3,7G 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4  *    1082032128 1953521663 871489536 415,6G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT

Device     Boot Start     End Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1  *    16128 7831551 7815424  3,7G  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)

As you can see, I have a main drive with four partitions, and an external usb with only one. Once you know which partition is your usb, add it to fstab with your favourite editor (you'll need administrator privileges). The new line should look something like this:

/dev/sdb1 /media/myUSB/ ntfs-3g defaults,auto,umask=000,users,rw 0 0

Note that this is an example, your device may have a different number or filesystem (NTFS in my case). If you add more information to your question perhaps somebody can point you to the exact syntax.


Open Ubuntu Tweak, go to “Source Center”, enable “Google Terminal with Google search support”,  Click “Refresh”. You can get it so easily!

If you are interested in the code, you can visit here: https://code.launchpad.net/~tualatrix/ibentu/gnome-terminal


I had exact same problem on my Inspiron N5110 running Ubuntu 12.04 but was able to fix it using patch and instructions provided in these two links.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/606238/comments/144

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/606238/comments/147

Touchpad is now recognised as a AlpsPS/2 ALPS DualPoint TouchPad and Touchpad tab is enabled in System Settings. Unfortunately, scrolling is still not an option... :-(

At least touchpad is disabled while typing, which was the biggest problem for me resulting in cryptic writings! :-)

[EDIT]: Also Fn+F3 is working now (aka, touchpad toggle).


Cron job to run a python script every 1 minute

You need to tell your script which display you wish the script to run, otherwise it won't run.

Use a command like this:

*/1 * * * * DISPLAY=:0.0 /usr/bin/env python3 /home/me/DownloadImages1.0.py

You can also use a global DISPLAY variable just placing this at the top of your cronjobs list

# m h  dom mon dow   command
DISPLAY=:0.0
*/1 * * * * /usr/bin/env python3 /home/me/DownloadImages1.0.py

And you can also invoke the DISPLAY by exporting the variable from a bash script via

#!/bin/bash
export DISPLAY=":0.0"
/usr/bin/env python3 /home/me/DownloadImages1.0.py


Facing issues with Realtek RTL8723BE wireless adapter

I think the issue is with Realtek wireless card's bug in itself. Most users with Realtek RTL8723BE are facing issues with the Wi-Fi connection. Tweaks are required to solve the issue. Check the link shared below with similar issues, a possible working solution via command is given there. Try it, maybe it will work for you as well.

https://askubuntu.com/questions/727512/a-posibble-solution-for-lenovo-users-with-realtek-wireless-card-to-solve-their-w

Good luck!


How to understand the Ubuntu file system layout?

You can read up on this on for instance wikipedia. An excerpt:

The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) defines the main directories and their contents in Linux operating systems. For the most part, it is a formalization and extension of the traditional BSD filesystem hierarchy.
The FHS is maintained by the Linux Foundation, a non-profit organization consisting of major software and hardware vendors, such as HP, Red Hat, IBM and Dell.
The current version is 3.0, released on June 3, 2015.

A visual representation with a short description:

Basically Linux has divided the directory structure based on the function of what is needed to make the system as secure as possible with the minimum amount of permissions needed. Otherwise someone is bound to have to do alot of avoidable work.
Remember that Unix and Linux where made as multi-user systems and Windows was created for a single user. Everything else can be explained from that idea. You can explain every directory when thinking about it being multi-user and security.
3 examples:

You will see that files and directories that are admin only are gathered in the same directory: the s in /sbin and /usr/sbin and /usr/local/sbin stands for system. A normal user can not even start programs that are in there. Files a normal user can start are in /bin, /usr/bin, /usr/local/bin based on where it most logically should reside. But if they are admin only they should go to the s version of that directory.
There is a famous utility called fuser. You can kill processes with it. If a normal user could use this (s)he would be able to kill your session.

The same goes for /home: /home/user1 is property of user1. /home/user2 is property of user2. user2 has no business doing stuff in user1's home (and the other way around is also true: user1 has no business doing stuff in user2's home). If all the files would be in /home with no username underneath it you would have to give permissions to every file and asses if someone is allowed to write/remove those files. A nightmare if you have tens of users.

Addition regarding libraries.
/lib/, /usr/lib/, and /usr/local/lib/ are the original locations, from before multilib
systems existed and the exist to prevent breaking things. /usr/lib32, /usr/lib/64, /usr/local/lib32/, /usr/local/lib64/ are 32-/64-bit multilib inventions.

It is not a static concept by any means. Other Linux flavours made tweaks to this lay-out. For instance; currently you will see debian and Ubuntu changing a lot in the lay-out of the FHS since SSD is better off with read only files. There is a movement towards a new lay-out where files are split in to a 'read only' and a 'writable' directory/group so we can have a root partition that can be mounted read only (partition for a ssd) and writable (sata hdd).
The new directory that is used for this (not in the image) is /run/.


Integration of Emacs/LuaLaTeX with Evince/Zathura not working in Ubuntu 18.04. How can I fix it?

One solution that seems to work for me at the moment is to leave out the line

(setq TeX-source-correlate-method 'synctex)

from my .emacs config. So, the minimum config to get forward/backward search to work again seems to be:

(add-hook 'LaTeX-mode-hook 'TeX-source-correlate-mode)
(setq TeX-source-correlate-start-server t)

using evince (by default) and with one more line for using zathura:

(setq TeX-view-program-selection '((output-pdf "Zathura")))

Additionally, I changed from \include and \includeonly to a scheme commenting out unused latex includes. My theory is that hyperlinks (e.g. to bibrefs, sections, etc.) to pages maintained in the latex and synctex outputs but NOT generated into the pdf might cause some trouble in both of the PDF viewers I used.

A more reliable solution is to delete the .synctex.gz file. This for both evince and zathura solves the problem which will then only return every once in a while. However, I haven't been able to find a better solution so far. I should say that this is not really a practical solution anyway.


Blank screen at login if vga isn't plugged in (openchrome driver)

I had the same issue. even if the monitor is off, ubuntu still registers that the monitor is there. and identified it as the default screen. IE it confused the external and the laptop screen.

you need to delete the monitor profile : ~/.config/monitors.xml.

if using plasma5  :   Removing ~/.local/share/kscreen/

then shutdown. start up with external disconnected and ubuntu will reconfigure the monitors.


How do I configure Juju for deployment on Rackspace Cloud?

This doesn't work and is really an inprogress placeholder while we figure out how to make it work, this answer is useless.

First off you need juju and charm-tools, ensure you have backports enabled (they are enabled by default) to get the latest Juju:

sudo apt-get install juju-core charm-tools

Do a juju generate-config -w to generate a config for OpenStack that you can customize for your needs.

Here's an example for Rackspace Cloud Servers to orchestrate services.

The file is in ~/.juju/environments.yaml
Items in brackets above [] should be changed to your own info.
Get your tenant-name  from: https://mycloud.rackspace.com as shown on the screen below.

Official docs:

Documentation
General OpenStack configuration: How can I configure Juju for deployment on OpenStack?


How to add a contextual menu item to .psd files in Nautilus?

Install nautilus-actions. This lets you add items to the context menu.

sudo apt-get install nautilus-actions

Open System>Preferences>Nautilus Actions Configuration

You can define new menu items, and use conditions to ensure they only display for psd files.

This page has a decent walkthrough.


UFW allows outgoing IPv6 even when default policy is to deny all outgoing

UFW firewall rules that you see in ufw commands are not the full set of rules that're actually implemented by UFW.  Underneath the hood, iptables / netfilter is what UFW manipulates and there are quite a few things that're permitted by the default UFW rules so that your internet, etc behaves proper..  Unfortunately to fix those rules, you have to edit some configuration files.
/etc/ufw/before6.rules is the file you're going to want to edit.  Find these two lines:
-A ufw6-before-output -p icmpv6 --icmpv6-type echo-request -j ACCEPT
-A ufw6-before-output -p icmpv6 --icmpv6-type echo-reply -j ACCEPT

You can do one of two things: either change the ACCEPT to DROP here, or simply comment the two lines out to inherit default policies set by general policy (typically DROP I believe in your case?).  If you absolutely don't want to receive or send PINGs via ICMP then you'll want to change these to DROP.
So the lines would look like this (and yes, add the comment I add in this block):
# Drop ICMPv6 outbound for echo replies and echo requests (PING)
-A ufw6-before-output -p icmpv6 --icmpv6-type echo-request -j DROP
-A ufw6-before-output -p icmpv6 --icmpv6-type echo-reply -j DROP

The rest of the ICMPv6 items in the list should be left alone - unlike ICMP in IPv4, IPv6 interoperability requires the sending/receiving of certain other types of packets to behave properly with IPv6 support in general, so IPv6 is much more dependent on its ICMP than IPv4 is.  So you should leave the rest of the rules from UFW alone.
Then you should run sudo ufw disable && sudo ufw enable && sudo ufw reload just to make sure that UFW actually updates its rules from the altered definitions.

Note that if your intent is to disable IPv6 support, then you need to do some network-configuration-level changes to actually get stuff to behave proper and disable IPv6 support by default.  That way, even if DNS resolves to IPv6 records, the system doesn't support IPv6 and won't attempt to use it.  (This being said, ufw is designed to be uncomplicated and disabling IPv6 outright is a lot harder than you think - also beyond the scope of this question)


Launch multiple applications with one launcher

Most simple solution is by altering /usr/share/applications/spotify.desktop

Inside is a line starting with 'Exec'. Change the command used to start spotify and have it start a file instead.
Create that file (make sure it is executable) with the startup commands for spotify and spotify-notifier.


Can school-laptop be monitored on Ubuntu?

"Your PC is monitored and protected" -- Is that the antivirus (Windows Defender) ? It may mean that the antivirus is "monitoring" your PC to protect against malware, and may have nothing to do with your school's surveillance.
In Ubuntu there is no need to use an antivirus for malware protection. Of course, if you use the school's network, they may monitor how you use their network, but they certainly cannot see which programs you run in Ubuntu, or which files you access.
If you format the Ubuntu partition as ext4 (which is the default option), Windows cannot even access the partition where Ubuntu is installed.


Webmin is a good alternative. I'm using it with two factor authentication and Authentic Theme. Here you are a screenshot:

Update: According to this comment, the new Webmin's version 1.831 with Authentic Theme 18.32 already has and "live" sh terminal window.


Overheating in HP Pavillion DM4-2102EO laptop

I know this is quite a late answer to your question but in case you still were having these issues and needed an answer:

Having a laptop overheat is never a good thing, although when running CPU/GPU intensive tasks I don't consider going up to 55°C-60°C as being too excessive, as long as you don't stay above that limit for too long you won't damage your hardware as far as I know.

If you'd like to be able to regulate this and make sure that your laptop stays quite a bit cooler when not doing anything particularly CPU/GPU intensive. I'd recommend an applet called Jupiter (here's a quick introduction explaining what it does).

The official Jupiter applet site also gives you some clear information on what it does, I've taken a screenshot below to save you a click:

To give you an idea of what reducing my CPU usage has done:

On average when not in "Max Performance" mode my CPU temperature is 37°C, I used to have similar temperatures to your laptop beforehand and I've found from personal experience that it greatly improves your battery-duration as an added bonus when on the go.

I've tried this on my HP pavillion DV6000 in case you were wondering, so going by the assumption that similarly branded laptops will work in similar ways with this applet I'd give it a try.

Heres the site if you want to add the PPA to your Ubuntu distro and give it a try, I wasn't expecting much when I did install it, but it turned out to be the best power/heat management solution out there (as of 31/10/2012).


Try this:

Choose recovery mode
Drop to root shell prompt
Press Enter
At the root shell prompt, type journalctl --since today
Look through the resulting journalctl log to find out what was happening just before your system got stuck on the last attempt

Hopefully that can give more info that can be helpful. For example, it if turns out that it gets stuck initializing some particular service/package, you could try disabling or removing that service/package.


After 17.10 upgrade, can't use Nautilus and many applications

Ubuntu 17.10 will default to Wayland instead of X for display, but only when possible, then X is used.  The choice should be offered by clicking on the little gear beside the signin button on the login screen.  Choices with (Xorg) in them will run X, and should be used for maximum compatibility with programs (your case).  If you have a choice with just the "ubuntu" label, that is wayland, and as you have noticed, many programs have problems.  I have seen additional choices like "unity" which runs the old unity interface under X. Some people don't even get the gear (live media, virtual machines,...) so cannot even choose, but I think they are defaulting to X, so wont have Wayland issues.  It is unclear why Wayland is not even offered in some cases, maybe there were so many problems, there was a last second change.  Time will sort these issues out, but for now, if you can run X, you are better off doing so.


Switch on your computer.

Press and hold the Shift key, which will bring up the Grub menu.

Select the line which starts with Advanced options.

Select the line ending with recovery mode.

Your PC should display a menu with a number of options.

Select the line ending with Drop to root shell prompt

In the terminal enter the commands

# mount -o remount,rw /
# mount --all
# adduser blanket

Ubuntu will prompt you for more information about the user you are creating.

The first piece of information you need to choose is the password for the new user.

It will ask you to select a password and then confirm it by repeating it.

Afterwards, it will ask you for personal information about the user.

The user you created will be your primary user on the system, you must to enable sudo privileges so that you can do routine configuration and maintenance, continue running:

# visudo

Find the part of the file that is labeled User privilege specification. It should look something like this:

# User privilege specification
root    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

We give a user sudo privileges by copying the line beginning with "root" and pasting it after.

We then change the user "root" on the new line to our new user, like this:

# User privilege specification
root        ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
blanket     ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

We can now save the file and close it.

By default, you can do that by typing:

Ctrl + X, then typing Y, and pressing  Enter.

Restart the computer with the new user blanket and carefully copy your application settings you want from the old user Cheyanne.

Note:

For another chance, remember that to change the user name and its folder is required to login as root and use the command usermod

Open a terminal,Press Ctrl+Alt+T

Run it:

$ sudo -i

This will change only the user's login name.

# usermod -l newname oldname

This will change the real name of the username.

# usermod -c "New-Real-Name" username

This will only change the home directory of username. You do not need to manually create the new directory.

# usermod -d /home/new-home username


How do I get VMware Workstation 8.0.4 working on Ubuntu 12.04 64 bit?

A simple patch needs to be applied to the module sources

The patch is described and available on this page, but the version in there needs to be changed to 8.0.4 to apply successfully.

Here's how:

To download and apply the patch,

Open a terminal and type:

mkdir vmw_patch && cd vmw_patch
wget -O- http://weltall.heliohost.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/vmware802fixlinux320.tar.gz | tar -xz
sed -i -e 's/8.0.2/8.0.4/g' patch-modules_3.2.0.sh
./patch-modules_3.2.0.sh

That should compile the modules without any errors.

  Explanation: wget downloads the patch, and tar extracts it without actually saving the downloaded file. sed updates 8.0.2 to 8.0.4 in the patching script so that it will run.


Hi I can't see my website using ip adress

I found my problem, I was trying to access like https://my.example.ip.thing instead of http://my.example.ip.thing no


Java issues on OpenVZ Ubuntu 11.04 (.jar/.sh files)

I had a similar problem and could fix it.

Not sure what the problem was, but here is what worked for me:

After several tries I could fix the issue myself. What worked for me was to uninstall all openjava6 and dependencies via dpkg and install openjava7. That left me without javaws and the plugins. So I installed sunjava7 64 Bit as described here http://brunoreis.com/tech/intalling-java-ubuntu-natty/

Now everything is working fine for me.


Why does Ubuntu 16.04 installation create an extended partition besides the swap?

The installer, which Ubuntu inherited from Debian, wants to make sda1 to hold the root filesystem and sda5 to hold the swap area, for reasons which were never articulated and are forever lost in the mist of time. It cannot create sda5 directly, because the old-style Master Boot Record (MBR) partition table cannot have more than 4 entries; to make more than 4 partitions on a MBR-partitioned disk one has to designate one of those 4 entries as an "extended partition" and make the extra partition(s) inside it. Thus you get sda1 for the root file system, an extended partition, and sda5 inside the extended partition. Note that the extended partition is just a container for sda5, it does not have any disk space of its own.

You can always opt for manual partitioning and create the partitions the way you want them to be.


Why does installing a mainline kernel give me a purple screen?

The mainline/Quantal kernel doesn't work for you, you need to go back to your old kernel

Related: Should I upgrade to the "mainline" kernels?

Keep Shift pressed after turning on your computer.

You will see the Grub menu as shown below. User the down arrow to go to "Previous Linux Versions" and press Enter

Select the option which has a version of x.x.x-generic, NOT one that has x.x.x-yyyyyy-generic and press Enter. This is usually the first option unless you have installed multiple mainline/custom kernels.

Once successfully booted and logged in, remove the 3.5 kernel with:
   sudo dpkg -r linux-image-3.5\*


How do I install the Dropbox Client in Lubuntu 15.04?

I just installed on 15.04, and it installed fine.  It didn't produce any error.

Try this.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install python-gpgme

sudo apt-get install python-gtk2

Then try to install Dropbox again.


position subtitles as low as possible in VLC

Apparently you can't do it in VLC as it needs to draw on the canvas, hence the workaround that allows you to pad the video. As someone noted on the VLC forums this is cumbersome because you need to set it up each time the resolution changes.


How to purge another OS and install Ubuntu safely?

You could see if Ubuntu running from the CD will let you install GParted.  Then GParted may be able to either partition out enough space for installing Ubuntu or could format the drive and allow Ubuntu to install.  This second option, formatting, will erase everything on the drive.  Make sure there is nothing on the drive that you want to keep before you format it.


How to restore data from a damaged partition

Live booting worked for me. Thanks for the response.


minimize, maximize, close; wifi, sound etc. title bars size increasing

Hello and welcome to Ubuntu!

Ubuntu uses Gnome by default (I'm assuming you already know what a desktop environment is). Unfortunately, if you like customization Gnome may not be your cup of tea, that's because it focuses more on usability and stability rather than configurability. As far as I know, there is no way to change that other than modifying the code. However, Gnome does support shell themes, and even though these will change a lot more than just the size of those buttons, you could find a shell theme whose buttons are larger than those you have right now.

By the way, if you like to tinker and customize your system, I'd suggest you to learn more about Kubuntu, an Ubuntu flavor running KDE Plasma (this one is very, very, customisable).


The "Administrative password" that it's asking for is the root password, which is not set by default. You have two solutions:

You can set the root password, and then use that password to install your driver. However, it is best practice to not set a root password unless you really need to, because that opens up lots of other doors that may lead to accidental deletion of stuff and all that, so you should go with solution number 2.
Open a terminal by Ctrl+Alt+T, and do sudo /path/to/driver. So, let's say you downloaded the driver in your Downloads folder, you would do sudo ~/Downloads/filename. The password that it will ask for is your username's password.

On a side note though, what is the extension of this printer driver? Because I wanted to see for myself, so I visited the Lexmark Support & Downloads page for that printer, chose OS = Linux, version = Ubuntu 12.04, and all the files are in .deb format, so these shouldn't ask you to "Run in terminal" when you double click them.


Install python-tk and I think you will solve your problems.

sudo apt-get install python-tk


Permission denial for my own folder (myName) inside home folder

You need sudoevery time because you cannot read the folder with your dheeraj user.

First regain ownership of your home, but only the directory (not -R), then show us the result of the ls -la to see how far the issue went.

chown dheeraj:dheeraj /home/dheeraj/
chmod 750 /home/dheeraj/


Printing not happening but scanning is fine

Canon provide good support for these very good devices;

If you go here http://support-asia.canon-asia.com/contents/ASIA/EN/0100924010.html and click to download and SAVE what will be linux-UFRII-drv-v350-uken.tar.gz (this version came out 8th Feb this year)

If you open a terminal; copy each command below line by line; paste into the terminal; hit the ENTER key; move to the next line ..(ask how to open terminal and paste if you don't know)

cd Downloads

tar -zxvf linux-UFRII-drv-v350-uken.tar.gz

cd linux-UFRII-drv-v350-uken

sudo ./install.sh

that last command runs the install script; that should do all for you; watch it as it runs, as it will ask you questions; we hope it all goes well


Do I need to unplug all other drives before installing Ubuntu on a separate new drive?

It is not necessary to physically disconnect other drives.

However, some folks find it desirable to do so in some circumstances like dual/multi-boot or protected data partitions.

The Ubuntu installer will offer to install on the storage hardware that it discovers...and it CANNOT use the Windows labels for the partitions and drives that it discovers. So some folks might get confused about which drive/partition is which.

Occasionally, this means that users mistakenly overwrite valuable data or another Operating System. Anything overwritten is generally lost forever, of course.

Best practice is to copy the characteristics (name, size, format) of the partition(s). Snapping a picture on your phone is one handy way. In the Ubuntu installer, match those characteristics so you can be SURE exactly which drive/partition is which, and you have VERIFIED the correct drive/partition to select for installing Ubuntu.

Extra protection, good risk management, and double-checking are wise when mucking about with partitions and installation.


Beaglebone: usb0 interface not showing up

Adding auto usb0 in /etc/network/interfaces did the job for me.


Ubuntu 18.04.1 hangs at "Booting SMP configuration" on VMware

I bumped against this as well for several days. Had an idea based off of reading the esxi logs about failing to apply an intel mcirocode update and decided to see if it was possible to remove it and sure enough that fixed it.

Post I got the idea from: https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2273643

Had to boot into reovery mode to execute the following commands: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RecoveryMode

Commands I ran to get it working.

sudo dpkg -l|grep intel
sudo apt-get purge intel-microcode
sudo update-grub
sudo reboot


Chromium-browser keeps crashing ubuntu 18.04

Since creating a Very Large Swap Partition solved the issue, it's clear that Chromium, just like Chrome can do, was using an excessive amount of memory. You may wish to consider trying the Opera browser instead, as it will take Chrome/Chromium extensions yet is more sparing of memory.


How to get Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 3168 work on Ubuntu 16.04?

Connect to the internet by some other way and install the 4.8+ kernel

sudo apt update
sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-16.04

You also need firmware for this device. Update your system by

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

and the firmware will be installed.

Reboot and the wireless device should work.

To get it working out of the box, you need to install Ubuntu 16.04.2+ that has support of this device.


Most likely it's a DICOM file format file, in Ubuntu, you have at least two alternatives:

DicomImageViewer: To install, run sudo apt-get install pixelmed-webstart-apps
Aeskulap: To install, run sudo apt-get install aeskulap

Also you can search the application names in the Ubuntu Software Center. Is slower but easier.


Partitioned memory stick only works on Ubuntu

This is nothing wrong with the way Ubuntu has partitioned the USB Stick, it is a limitation of Windows only being able to see the first partition on the USB stick !

http://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/windows8_1-hardware/why-does-windows-not-support-multiple-partitions/8a217e1b-b3e8-4c47-9a3c-2f0660622ba7

  Typically, you cannot create partitions on removable disks (in other
  words, USB drives).

  You won't be able to perform the same using Windows operating system.

  However, certain third party software can flip the removable bit on a
  USB drive so that the Windows operating system reads it as a fixed
  drive.

  Note: Using Third Party Software, including hardware drivers can cause
  serious problems that may prevent your computer from booting properly.
  Microsoft cannot guarantee that any problems resulting from the use of
  Third Party Software can be solved. Using Third Party Software is at
  your own risk.


Unable to add xfce theme from Downloads to Themes

You don't actually need to move it to your /usr/share/themes directory, just make a new directory named ~/.themes and put it there instead.

mkdir ~/.themes

This will be a hidden directory so you will need to press CTRL + H to show hidden files and directories in thunar. This directory will be found in your home directory and will act as /usr/share/themes for your user only and will not work for all other users.


fstab executes before a required mod is loaded (vmhgfs)

Remove the line with the /srv filesystem from /etc/fstab, and add a mount command to /etc/rc.local. This way, your /srv filesystem will be mounted at a later moment, but before it is needed by MySQL.


Cinnamon task bar showing, but not working (i.e. not clickable)

Reinstalling some graphical packages (don't recall which exactly) and the Nvidia drivers seems to have solved the issue.


Do SCP and SFTP come installed on ubuntu by default?

scp and sftp protocols are provided by ssh package.
It is not installed by default.


17.10 uses Gnome, not Unity. Try Gnome Tweak Tool.

Install from here

https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/gnome-tweak-tool/

Ref : http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2017/07/gnome-tweak-tool-renamed-gnome-tweaks


ubuntu 21.4 desktop iso burned to dvd fails to start

I tried again today with 21.04, by checking exactly the time spent in the live session startup. After around twelve minutes from the boot, the Ubuntu logo disappears and I start to see console messages. Between those, there is one stating
A start job is running for Snap Daemon (1min19s /1min 30s).
This seems to suggest that there is a limit time of 1min 30s for that job, and if reached then the Snap Daemon fails to start.
However, this time I waited a little more, and after around 30 minutes from the boot I could finally see the graphical interface of the live session.
So I assume that this problem could be marked as solved, even if such a long time, especially compared with the relatively short one required when starting from usb, it doesn't appear to me as a normal behavior.
I assume moreover that this question can be marked as a duplicate of Boot version 21.04 from DVD extremely slow (and even impossible using Kubuntu) - but no problem when using USB stick


Start ubuntu without a desktop environment but start an X application

In /usr/share/xsessions/ create a file in the ".desktop" format to create your custom, minimal session. For running Google Chrome as the only application after logging in, do this:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=google-chrome
Name=Google Chrome
Comment=Testing

Restart your display manager, e.g.

sudo restart lightdm  # or kdm, gdm, etc.

Or simply log out.
"Google Chrome" should appear in the session list to select (next to regular Unity or other DEs you have installed).

Log in and enjoy.

optional

XDM is a very minimal display manager - LightDM, GDM and KDM are quite "big". Install that using the package xdm  and reconfigure the default for when your system boots up using

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

Configure your display manager to automatically log in a specific user. See the documentation for your display manager.


Method 1

Ubuntu uses 'apt' as a package management tool. To install any package, this is the syntax:

sudo apt-get install <package-name>

So all you need is the package name. To search among the PPAs on your system, you can use this:

apt-cache search <keyword>

So with this command you can search for packages. So when you search for chrome by executing the following command, you won't see Google Chrome listed:

sudo apt-cache search chrome

This means it is not in the PPAs added to your system. So I add the required PPA:

wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add -
sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google.list'
sudo apt-get update

After executing the above three commands and searching forr chrome again, you will see entries for Chrome. Naturally you'd want to install the stable version:

sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable

Method 2

Or you could take the GUI approach, by downloading the .deb file and opening it. Then Ubuntu Software Center will open and all you'll need to do is click Install.


The themes by François Vogelweith that you linked to can be installed by adding a 'PPA'. For instructions on how to do this take a look What are PPAs and how to I use them? - you want to enter ppa:bisigi/ppa.

Once you have done this then on the left hand side of the Software Centre click on PPA for Bisigi - from here you can install all the themes.

Once themes are installed you can apply them from System -> Preferences -> Appearance.

Alternative terminal method: (Applications-> Accessories-> Terminal)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bisigi/ppa
sudo apt-get update

Then go the Software Centre to install the themes as before, and to Appearance to apply them.


lvmetad is not active yet, using direct activation during sysinit - on 2 pcs

This is normal if you used full disk encryption. When operating systems derived from Debian are installed with full disk encryption what happens is that the installer makes a small unecrypted partition for /boot and a large partition holding a LUKS container; in the LUKS container is placed an LVM volume group, holding a logical volume for the root filesystem, and possibly other logical volumes.

When the system boots the LUKS container is opened and the LVM logical volumes need to be activated; normally this is done with the help of lvmetad, the LVM metadata daemon, but since the system has just booted and nothing runs yet there is no lvmetad and the logical volumes need to be activated by explicitly scanning the container and looking for them.

A similar situation occurs even without encryption if the root filesystem is placed on a LVM logical volume.

In short: it's not an error, it's the normal situation, and the system is just telling you what it's doing.


Adding a SSD drive to an exisitng dual boot system

Boot from Live Linux distro

dd if=/dev/olddisk of=/dev/newdisk bs=2048

after successful boot, mount old disk somewhere in linux and use it as data storage


Trouble logging in to computer with my Ubuntu One account

You've created an Ubuntu One account which is used for various sites and services related to Ubuntu.

According to the Ubuntu One FAQ's

  Q. What is an Ubuntu One account?

  Ubuntu One is now the single account you use to log in to all services and sites related to Ubuntu. Your Ubuntu One account is an email address and a password that you use to sign in to Ubuntu services.

This is not the login account you use to access your computer. That's completely local to the machine and must be set up by you on that machine. The first local administrative account is normally set up at installation time, and can be used to create further local accounts.


By default, /var/log/apache2/error.log.

This can be configured in /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini.


I don't know why but I have to connect both devices (single or together) with channel 1, then it works.


rfkill list all - It's showing me only bluetooth and nothing about wireless. ,wifi not working, ubuntu 16.04

In your readings, we saw a malformed and possibly un-needed .conf file and suggested that you remove it.

sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ideapad.conf

Next, we found that the needed module was not installed in your currently running kernel and suggested that you re-install it.

sudo apt install --reinstall bcmwl-kernel-source

Finally, we found that Secure Boot was preventing the loading of the module and suggested that it be disabled in the BIOS.

With these changes, your wireless is working.


Ubuntu 18.04- it is possible to drag-drop workspaces to change their place?

No, it is not possible to change the order of the workspaces.

Not sure what you could be doing to inadvertently move an application to a different workspace. To change an application to another workspace, one has to either 1) use the shortcut keys Shift++Ctrl+Alt+Up or Down or 2) use the window menu (Ctrl+Space or right-click title/header bar  or 3) drag applications to another workspace in the overview. All of these are not actions that are easily done by accident.


I think this is not a problem specific to Ubuntu. I had the same issue on my T480 running Manjaro / Cinnamon. Libinput version is 1.11.0-1.

I represent my solution here. It should be applicable to Ubuntu as well with minor modifications.

Disable trackpoint acceleration:

Write new Xorg configuration file (i.e. /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/11-trackpoint.conf):

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "Trackpoint"
        MatchProduct "TPPS/2 IBM TrackPoint"
        Driver "libinput"
        Option "Accel Speed" "0"
        Option "Accel Profile" "flat"
EndSection

Calibrate trackpoint range:

Write new hwdb adjustment file (i.e. /etc/udev/hwdb.d/99-trackpoint.hwdb):

evdev:name:TPPS/2 IBM TrackPoint*
    LIBINPUT_ATTR_TRACKPOINT_RANGE=50

Restart computer

Adjust sensitivity/speed:

echo 97 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/serio2/speed
echo 255 > /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/serio2/sensitivity


Finally I managed to solve the error, I had to add this to my sources

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/jlbarriere68/ppa/ubuntu YOUR_UBUNTU_VERSION_HERE main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/jlbarriere68/ppa/ubuntu YOUR_UBUNTU_VERSION_HERE main

and then sudo apt-get install kodi-pvr-mythtv-helix

to  enable  IPTV simple addon, I did sudo apt-get install kodi-pvr-iptvsimple

from terminal, I couldn't get  it to work when I installed it from XBMC's addon's page.


Starting tomcat6 shows missing conf directory.

/usr/share generally contains read-only data. You're likely looking for the /var/lib/tomcat6/ directory which contains both the conf and logs directories.

skel is the abbreviation of "skeleton" which means it should be copied somewhere.

According to the Ubuntu manual on tomcat, you should create an instance with:

tomcat6-create-instance tomcat-instance

This will create a directory named "tomcat-instance" containing some subdirectories like conf. To start it, run:

tomcat-instance/bin/startup.sh

For more information and other links, please refer to the Ubuntu manual.


Cannot Connect to WiFi using Broadcom wireless

You need to remove the erroneously installed wl driver. Run

sudo apt purge bcmwl-kernel-source

and then reboot or run

sudo modprobe b43


How to run interactive python script after boot as user USER

You can't really add this as an option in grub, but I can tell you how to make the script run on login or when you open a terminal, but if you are not allowing someone to run the bash software, it should not be a problem.

Just add the line to your ~/.bashrc:

python SCRIPT_FILE_HERE (any arguments should also be added here)

and all should be sorted :)


Rsync over SSH path with spaces does not work with quotes

You need to escape spaces in both local shell and remote shell. Try this:

rsync -avz '/path with spaces/' 'user@remotelocation:/media/another\ path\ with/spaces/'

The source, /path with spaces/ in the local shell can be escaped only via putting single quotes around it i.e. '/path with spaces/'.

On the other hand in case of the destination, the local shell is escaped by putting single quotes and the spaces are escaped in the remote shell by using escape character (\) in front of the spaces.


Make Changes {Resize} in Linux Installed Partittion

Yes, it is.  However, you can't do it from your current operating system, you need to boot into a live environment (like a LiveCD, LiveUSB etc).

Look for a LiveCD with GParted on it, which is a graphical partition editor.  From there, you can select your partition and shrink it.  You want to backup any critical data on there, in case something goes wrong, and make sure there's enough free space to shrink it to where you want.  Make sure you don't interrupt it once the shrink is in progress or things will be bad.

I believe every Ubuntu LiveCD has GParted on it. Here you can find GParted Live, which is exactly that; a live environment with nothing but GParted on it.

Good luck, make sure you look into what you need to do once you've installed the other operating system.  If it's another Linux distribution, it will most likely detect your current one.  If it's Windows, you'll have to get a Linux LiveCD again to reinstall the bootloader (which is outside the scope of this question, but there's plenty of information around on how to do that).


Is there other way to get your DISPLAY env without using shell?

To get a environment variable of a running process, you need to look at the environ file in the proc filesystem. In your case it's:

user@host:~$ strings /proc/$(pidof -s Xorg)/environ
XORGCONFIG=/etc/X11/xorg.conf
UPSTART_INSTANCE=
LANG=de_CH.UTF-8
DISPLAY==:0
TERM=linux
PWD=/
UPSTART_JOB=gdm
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/bin


Scan a file over the Internet by its url using ClamAV

To scan a file you have to download it. You can only scan it on the server if it is your server and you have remote access to it. So if you want to download it from the terminal and run a scan as soon as it is downloaded, you should use a command like:

wget -O /tmp/filetoscan http://LINK_TO_THE_FILE && clamscan /tmp/filetoscan

or if you don't need the file after download, you can pipe it to clamscan:

 wget -qO- http://LINK_TO_THE_FILE | clamscan -

The above will still download the file, the only difference is that it won't store it on your storage. (So your bandwith will be still used during the process, and if you decide that the file is clean, you have to redownload it if you need it on your pc.)

If you don't want to download it, then you have to use a cloud service which downloads and scans it for you, e.g virustotal does it and it scans the file with ClamAV also. Virustotal also has a public API which you can use to initiate scans from your terminal or from any program you write.

If it is your server with clamAV installed on it and you have ssh access to it, then you just ssh to the server and scan the file just like you would scan it on your client. You can use somwthing like:

ssh YOUR_USER@`echo "example.com/file1" | awk -F "/" '{print $1}'` "clamscan /var/www`echo "example.com/file1" | awk -F ".com" '{print $2}'`"

Of course this depends on your server root (/var/www) and whether there are other settings on the server which should be taken into an account when reconstructing the filepath from the URL, but because you know how your server is set up you can do it.


You need to go into winecfg using Wine Tricks. Once there, head to the Drives tab click "Auto Detect". Once that is done, plug your USB in and see if your USB is detected. If not, manually set the location of your USB.


Is there a way to add Google Calendar notifications to the indicator message applet?

You can try typing this in a terminal:

/usr/lib/evolution-webcal/evolution-webcal ICAL_PRIVATE_ADDRESS

(where ICAL_PRIVATE_ADDRESS is the  Private URL of the Google Calendar you want to add)

It only opens a dialog to confirm you want to add this calendar without opening the whole Evolution window, nor the first-run dialog which forces you to add your e-mail account even if you don't intend to use it.

This works with the Gnome 2 calendar applet and I guess it works also for natty's calendar indicator, as it is based on Evolution's calendars. Let me know if it works or not.


I received an error fetching bootstrap, SSLHandshakeException : handshake_failure running runelite on lubuntu

As it turns out, I received that error because I had installed Java 11 which isn't compatible with RuneLite. Therefore I had to downgrade to Java version 8 after which another error occured which was solved by the answer on this link: Assistive technology not found AWTError. Thank you all for your efforts.


How do I automate network installation of many Ubuntu 18.04 systems with EFI and PXE?

If you really want to do individual config file based on mac address, you can make the contents of your grub.cfg something like
if [ -s ${prefix}/${net_default_mac} ]; then
    source ${prefix}/${net_default_mac}
fi

Personally, I find grub much more flexible than pxelinux because the grub config can use variables and logic branches.  I tend to keep a generic grub.cfg that uses variables that can be set based on the machine attributes.
Here is a small example
set my_interface="auto"
if [ "x${net_default_mac}" = "x01:23:45:67:89:ab" ]; then
    echo "using variables for template"
    set my_label="template"
    set my_preseed=tftp://${pxe_default_server}/preseed/preseed.cfg
fi

if [ -n "${my_preseed}" ]; then
menuentry "Xenial Install - automated - ${my_label}" --id=install_xenial_unattended {
    set gfxpayload=keep
    echo "ANY EXISTING INSTALL WILL NOW BE OVERWRITTEN"
    echo "THERE WILL BE NO PROMPTS"
    echo "LAST CHANCE TO ABORT (poweroff to abort, wait or hit esc to continue)"
    sleep 10 --verbose --interruptible
    echo "Loading Kernel..."
    linux /ubuntu/xenial/amd64/ubuntu-installer/amd64/linux netcfg/choose_interface=${my_interface} auto=true priority=critical url=${my_preseed} ${my_kernel_install_args} DEBCONF_DEBUG=5 ---
    echo "Loading Ram Disk..."
    initrd /ubuntu/xenial/amd64/ubuntu-installer/amd64/initrd.gz
}
fi

You can also combine these techniques so that you can put variable assignments into a file named for the mac address so they get loaded dynamically.


How to change wallpaper in Kubuntu 16.04?

well those didnt work so i'll answer it for others. :)
yesterday in order to get folders to reside on desktop i had to unlock and enable folders, so in order to change wallpaper today i had to right click on destop and way at bottom there was "folder view settings" and there it was, wallpapers. thans.
dan


Background picture not showing after editing with dconf-editor

Apparently, dconf misbehaves on show-desktop-icons and also disables the background image. Hence one has to set the flag show-desktop-icons back to true.

This brings back the desktop item, which one can correctly (i.e. not messing with the background image) disable with gnome-tweak-tool, section "Desktop".


How do I open file manager from terminal in Ubuntu 18.04?

Assuming you use nautilus you need to type

nautilus

You can of course provide it with the directory you want, eg. nautilus /usr/share/wallpapers.  If you prefer other file managers, for example thunar just use the command thunar instead.


How do you tell unity to startup in 2d and compatibility mode?

Can't you simply choose Unity2d in the login screen, then log in? It should remember your last choice automatically.

Log out from your current session. Then, in the drop-down menu next to the password prompt, choose "Unity2d". Log in again and you should have the desktop you want. The next time it should log you in to that by default.


Errors encountered when trying to upgrade

I found a solution.  It seems that my /boot was full.  I found on other forums people resolving this by increasing the size but I took a different, less aggressive approach by cleaning it out with:

sudo apt-get autoremove

After this was done I needed to upgrade with:

sudo apt-get upgrade

Now that I was able to upgrade I was able to install any package needed.


You could try this, and push (alt+Ctrl+f6), and type in yours users name and password, and then type this in the tty:

dconf reset /etc/compiz
unity --replace --reset-icon & disown

and it might work.


I have Dell Inspiron 3543 as well.

Connect to the internet with a cable or connect to a Wi-Fi network with your smart-phone and tether the connection over a usb cable.

Run sudo apt update if you haven't already after installing Ubuntu.

Then sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

This should make wireless connections work.

Note: Bluetooth is also possible to configure, though it's harder, and there is not so much help out there (I did get bluetooth to work once)


Cross Linux-Flavor Method - List all fonts

You can run the fc-list command to list all the fonts the logged in user can use.


I'd imagine that because you're in a virtualised situation, all sorts of keyboard shortcuts aren't sent directly to the VM and/or they're being intercepted by OSX. I've very little experience with OSX and none with Parallels so I'm shooting in the dark but some Virtualisation host applications allow you to explicitly "send keys"

  you may send keys to your virtual machine by choosing Devices -> Keyboard ->  in the top menu for your virtual machine. (In older versions it should be Action -> Send Keys)

http://kb.parallels.com/en/5020
http://download.parallels.com/desktop/v9/ga/docs/pt_BR/Parallels%20Desktop%20User%27s%20Guide/32884.htm

Use that to send a Control+Alt+F1 to Ubuntu and after that, it's back to the standard way of fixing things.

As you're only in this for a command-line interface, once you have a TTY, it might be worth installing the SSH server (sudo apt-get install ssh) and just sshing in from your OSX terminal.


If you need to resize a partition, on which you already installed Ubuntu, the best way is to do it from right to left, so the data will not have to be moved.
The whole procedure should take a minute or two.

first choose to resize:

then drag the partition's right side to the left

and then creat a new partition in the unallocated space

I am not sure what went wrong in your case, but this way, it should work, I just tried to resize on my laptop. If it does not solve your problem, I will remove the answer.


12.04 doesn't boot anymore after a power failure

I finally got it.

At first I tried it with espectalll123's answer but I couldn't check my partition because it was mounted. So I just left it like that because I didn't want to destroy something in the process.

I finally got it with UbuntuSecureRemix. I had to run Boot-Repair, which is if you download it from the Ubuntu help thread (sorry I can't add more links) x86 and doesn't work for my x64 system. So I downloaded UbuntuSecureRemix which also has boot repair in it and is available for both 32-bit and 64-bit. So I booted this from an USB drive and just ran Boot Repair from the dash and two minutes later I rebooted from HDD and everything works fine.


sudo apt-get purge oracle-java9-installer

solved my issue. Later I also changed Ubuntu Software center server to "Main Server".


Cannot load nvidia driver on Lenovo IdeaPad Y570 (Nvidia GT 555M)

https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/bbswitch/tree/hack-lenovo

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42696

  "Until this kernel bug is fixed, you need to apply an ugly hack on
  these laptops to make bbswitch and the driver (both nouveau and
  nvidia) work. For now I have decided not to put the hack in the
  bbswitch module since it is a very ugly hack that is comparable to
  writing a maximum allowable speed of 130 km/h on a traffic sign for a
  road where 120 km/h is allowed just because the radar gun does not
  work properly.

  The module has been tested on a Lenovo IdeaPad Y570 running an
  up-to-date version of Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric (64-bit) with Bumblebee 3.0
  (3.0-1~oneiricppa2) installed using the Nvidia driver."

It seems isn't fixed yet, so you must to try the dirty hack. I have the same notebook, and under Fedora I don't get work the secondary GPU (NVidia Geforce GT555M) because at boot system doesn't recognize VRAM or VBIOS.

Please try the hack from bbswitch or install bumblebee & bbswitch from the official repository and tell us what happens.


right click on Desktop, select Configure Desktop
in the Layout drop-down menu choose Folder View
accept changes

should enable the desktop, you are accustomed to!


System --> Preferences --> Visual Effects always boots to None

Try to deactivate the current version of the driver and install an older version ( 196 series or 172 series). i had the same problem with my geforce 8400 gs in 10.04 and the 196 driver worked perfectly.


What happened to my KDE task bar? How can I get it back?

It sounds like you somehow got the KDE "netbook" interface, assuming it looks like this:
http://www.kde.org/workspaces/plasmanetbook/

You can switch the workspace under System Settings -> Workspace -> workspace type; set it to "desktop".  Here's a screenshot:
http://paste.opensuse.org/80239345


If anyone finds this, DVB devices are Unix-Character Block devices. Each element entry (but not directory) in /dev/dvb/ has to be manually mapped across, using the command:

lxc config device add <container> <device> unix-char path=/dev/<device>

So for example, for the first demux on the first adapter into a container called media-streamer:

lxc config device add media-streamer dvb/adapter0/demux0 unix-char path=/dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0

You then repeat for all the devices on all the adapters you wish to pass into your container.


Where Can I Get ubuntu 14.04 OEM Version for Dell inspiron 15 3552 Laptop?

You can find a suitable release at http://releases.ubuntu.com/ - I would recommend "Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS (Trusty Tahr)" (64-bit PC (AMD64) desktop image). This works fine with my Dell XPS 15.

According to this list https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/liste_portables_dell, 16.04 seems to be working on DELL inspiron 15 3552.


Repeat Keys settings don't work after reboot in Gnome

You have to press 'save settings' or go into the UEFI settings and turn it on there the go > exit > save changes > or exit and save changes. You can go there pressing F12.


The escape codes needs to be interpreted correctly and not literally, before writing the string to file:

# echo -e '\e[1;31mUbuntu\e[0m' > /etc/issue


i dont realy get it Oo
you have a .ISO file to put on a DVD ?
if yes here is the solution:
just start your burning software (e.g.: Brasero) click on "burn image" choose your .ISO-file and insert a proper CD/DVD and start burning.
Is that what you need ?


How to install Parallels Workstation in Ubuntu 12.04?

open your terminal type this

wget http://download.parallels.com/workstation/v6/en_us/parallels/update1-hf2/parallels-workstation-parallels-en_US-6.0.13976.769982.run

then

chmod +x parallels-workstation-parallels-en_US-6.0.13976.769982.run

then   sudo ./parallels-workstation-parallels-en_US-6.0.13976.769982.run


Create windows XP's live USB using ubuntu

http://www.iasptk.com/ubuntu-ppa-repositories/16958-ubuntu-and-winusb-a-simple-tool-that-enable-you-to-create-your-own-usb-stick-windows-installer-from-an-iso-image-or-a-real-dvd

WinUSB is a simple tool that enable you to create your own usb stick windows installer from an iso image or a real DVD.
This package contains two programs:
- WinUSB-gui: a graphical interface which is very easy to use.
- winusb: the command line tool.

Supported images: Windows Vista, Seven+ installer for any language and any version (home, pro...) and Windows PE.

Install WinUSB in ubuntu

Open the terminal and run the following commands

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:colingille/freshlight

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install winusb


What happens when I try to run firefox on a remote server from my local machine

If you have the ssh option X11 forwarding enabled, firefox will open it's window on you local X display. (This is not something one would usually do, but it's quite possible.)

The environment variable DISPLAY tells firefox where to show it's window.

ssh takes care of setting DISPLAY in this case. Try

echo $DISPLAY

You do not need anything special locally, except the normal X server that you are running normally under Ubuntu.


How do I resolve this "no such file or directory" hook error?

When I checked out your charm the hook permissions were:

-rw-rw-r-- 1 1058 Nov 21 10:39 database-relation-joined

So you probably forgot to commit the files after setting your hooks to executable.

Running chmod +x * in your hook directory and then re-committing/pushing should solve your problem.


Are there any other IM clients other than empathy and pidgin that support google talk?

Google Talk uses the XMPP (Jabber) standardized protocol; the following is a complete list of the IM clients in the Ubuntu repositories which should support Google Talk.

Please note that some of these are command-line (console) clients; I have highlighted the ones I know are graphical (or GUI) in bold:

ayttm - Universal instant messaging client
barnowl - A curses-based tty Jabber, IRC, AIM  and Zephyr client
centerim - A text-mode multi-protocol instant messenger client
ekg2 - instant messenger and IRC client for UNIX systems
finch - text-based multi-protocol instant messaging client
freetalk - console based Jabber client
gajim - Jabber client written in PyGTK
jwchat - a full featured, web-based Jabber chat client
kadu - Gadu-Gadu/XMPP client for X11
kopete - instant messaging and chat application
licq - multi-protocol instant messaging client (base files)
licq-plugin-jabber - Jabber plug-in for Licq
mcabber - small Jabber (XMPP) console client
pidgin - graphical multi-protocol instant messaging client for X
psi - Jabber client using Qt
psi-plus - Qt-based jabber client (basic version)
qutim - multi-protocol instant messenger
sendxmpp - commandline XMPP (jabber) utility
tkabber - GUI client for XMPP (Jabber) instant messaging protocol


Can I add (and show) a user photo(s) in LightDM?

It sure looks like it is possible:

http://www.geek.com/articles/chips/ubuntu-adopts-lightdm-login-screens-to-get-more-exciting-20110512/

No idea how, though.


Video card driver for ATI RADEON 8670 HD

I recommend you to use the proprietary fglrx driver (known as AMD Catalyst or AMD Radeon Software).
But first, have a look at this link!!


"Failed to download repository information" error, what to do?

If possible, could you edit your question to show the two lines in full that we can see part of in your screenshot?  I don't think this in an internet connection-related problem. If it was, ALL of the repositories would have failed to download if this was the case, not just one or two.  There are a couple of possibilities that I am aware of that could cause this.

As mentioned in Tareq's answer, perhaps the Ubuntu server for your area is temporarily having problems.  If this is the case, there should be mention of a 404 error at the end of each line that failed to download.  Things like this should be fixed in a matter of only a day or two in most cases.
Try running an update from the terminal and see if you get the same (or different) errors.  Simply open a terminal and run the following command:

sudo apt-get update

Wait for it to finish and then see if you still have errors.

Perhaps for some reason you are missing one or more GPG Keys.  These keys are a security function that helps to keep the repositories safe.  If this is the case, you should see something like NO_PUBKEY or something similar to this screenshot at the end of each line:

The best way to make sure you have all of your correct GPG Keys is to install launchpad-getkeys from the WebUpd8 repository.  Do that by entering the following lines in the terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install launchpad-getkeys

After that, simply run the command:

sudo launchpad-getkeys

You will see something like this:

As it says, you shouldn't see anymore missing key errors.  When the program finishes, simply run Update Manager again or use the above commands to update from the Terminal.

sudo apt-get update

again and see if you still have the same problem.

Once again, I do NOT believe this is an internet issue unless it is on the other end.  Only one or two of your repositories failed to download, not ALL of them, and you can still use the internet, so if this is an internet-related issue it is on the end of the repository servers, as far as I know.  Hope this helps!


Where are the Evolution data files stored?

The user's data files: $HOME/.local/share/evolution
Various configuration and state files: $HOME/.config/evolution
Disposable data caches: $HOME/.cache/evolution
Additional configuration files: $HOME/.gconf/apps/evolution

More details at: Where does Evolution store my data?.


How do I remove these extra panels after enabling twinview?

You didn't mention your Ubuntu version, but here is how to remove the panels:

11.04 and earlier:

Right click on the panel you want to remove and click "Delete This Panel".

11.10 and up:

Hold alt.
Right click on the panel and click "Delete This Panel".

As for Twinview, only use the official Nvidia tool to enable it.


Thunderbird. Attach file without browsing?

He enters the path once he clicks on "Attach File"  --OP Comment

This feature exists in ALL versions of Thunderbird, and on all OSes.

This is a feature embedded in all 'attach file' browser integrations, you just enter the full path instead of going to the specific location by browsing and selecting and hitting "attach".

This is 'standard functionality'.  Nothing unique to RHEL, nothing unique to Ubuntu, it's just 'standard behavior'.

In Ubuntu and GNOME desktop, however, this 'path' bar is not visible by default.
 You have to trigger it by starting to type the path.  DO NOT click the 'search' button to get the text box, that's not going to help you.  Just start typing your path, same as your friend, the path textbox will show up the moment you hit / to start entering the path.  Just enter the path and you're good.  No need to 'browse' to the file.  (Just tested in TBird in 19.04 and 19.10 and 20.04 DEV)


The PPA ppa:aapo-rantalainen/games has no Vivid packages.

Remove the PPA:

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/aapo-rantalainen-ubuntu-games-vivid.list
sudo apt-get update


How to send all traffics from wlan0 Access Point through a proxy (specifically Tor)?

I have a script for exactly what you need
https://github.com/garywill/linux-router

# lnxrouter --ap wlan0 SSID --password PASSWORD --tp 9040 --dns-proxy 9053

In torrc

TransPort 0.0.0.0:9040
DNSPort 0.0.0.0:9053


How can I add screenshots of programs to the Software Center

You can quickly and easily add screenshots to screenshots.debian.net which is the website that the Software Centre gets its screenshots from.

There will be a delay in your uploads appearing in the Software Centre, because all screenshots are first moderated.


Bring up your boot-menu on your laptop BIOS and select your flash drive if the laptop support it.


X Server does not show built-in thinkpad display. Distorting everything in non-mirrored multi-display set-up.

Ok, this is a little perl script, which sets the display configurations right again after the reboot destroys them.
Since I got my local Linux hero to write this for me, I only understand about half of it. So maybe you have to ask a follow up question to get this to work for you.

#!/usr/bin/perl

# settings
our @preferred_outputs = qw(HDMI1 VGA1 LVDS1);
our $poll_interval_seconds = 5.0; #this script actually keeps running and
     # periodically checks whether I plugged in my external monitor or not
our $sleep_seconds_at_start = 5.0; #this is the important bit
our $sleep_after_set = 5.0;

# end of settings

use strict;
use feature ":5.10";
use Time::HiRes qw(sleep);

sub eq_hashes (\%\%);

fork && exit;
#this is to make sure this script runs only once... I think
my @pids = split /\s+/, qx/pgrep -x `basename '$0'`/;
my @other_pids = grep { $_ != $$ } @pids;

if(@other_pids > 0) {
    kill "TERM", @other_pids;
}

sleep $sleep_seconds_at_start;

my %old_mode = get_default_mode();
set_auto_mode();
sleep $sleep_after_set;

while(sleep $poll_interval_seconds) {
    my %cur_mode = get_default_mode();
    unless(eq_hashes(%cur_mode, %old_mode)) {
        %old_mode = %cur_mode;
        set_auto_mode();
        sleep $sleep_after_set;
    }
}

sub eq_hashes (\%\%) {
    my ($h1, $h2) = @_;
    return hashref_to_string($h1) eq hashref_to_string($h2);
}

sub hashref_to_string {
    my $m = $_[0];
    return join "\0", map { $_, $m->{$_} } sort keys %$m;
}

#so this seems to be using xrandr to find out the resolution of the screen
#and then it returns that value
sub get_default_mode {
    open my $xrout, "-|", "xrandr"
        or die $!;

    my %default_mode;
    my $cur_output;

    while(<$xrout>) {
        given($_) {
            when(/^(\w+) connected/) {
                $cur_output = $1;
            }
    #xrandr prints all possible resolutions, and puts a + next to the default one
            when(/^\s*(\d+x\d+)\s+[0-9.]+.\+/) {
                $default_mode{$cur_output} = $1;
            }
        }
    }

    close $xrout;

    return %default_mode;
}

sub set_auto_mode {
    my %default_mode = get_default_mode();
    my @opts;
    my $display_chosen = 0;

    for my $output (@preferred_outputs) {
        push @opts, "--output", $output;
        if(exists $default_mode{$output} && $display_chosen == 0) {
            push @opts, "--mode", $default_mode{$output};
            $display_chosen = 1;
        }
        push @opts, "--off";
    }

    system "xrandr", @opts;
}

Ok, so I don't know if you are familiar with perl. This script basically uses xrandr to do all the configurations. So you need to have xrandr and perl installed for this to work. But I think it might actually work out of the box (if I understand your problem correctly). Maybe you have to play around with xrandr a bit.

My setup is such that I have different things on my two screens and they're supposed to be next to each other. If I remember correctly. I don't really see where in the script that happens, but somehow fixing the resolutions of the screens did the trick for me. (I can't do any testing now because I don't have my second screen at hand.)

This is obviously a hack, so I would be happy if there was a more canonical solution (and someone could post it).


Intermittent sound on an Medion Akoya S5610

I upgraded my kernel up to 3.2.0-26 and now everything works correctly all the time, even after hibernation.

I do have the line options snd-hda-intel model=auto in my /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf file.

Hope this helps


Install 32 bit ubuntu along side 64 bit windows 8

First, why do you think you need a 32-bit Ubuntu? Today, there's seldom any real need for this type of setup, and it does complicate a dual-boot configuration with Windows 8 in EFI mode, so I strongly recommend against it unless it really is needed.

If you really do need a 32-bit Linux, try this:

In your firmware setup utility, disable Secure Boot.
In your firmware setup utility, enable CSM (aka "legacy") support. Ultimately, you'll want your firmware to switch easily between BIOS/CSM/legacy mode and EFI/UEFI mode, and most offer an "automatic" setting of some sort to enable this; but for now, forcing the system to BIOS/CSM/legacy-only mode will work as well, if not better. Unfortunately, different computers have different user interfaces, so I can't tell you exactly what this option is called. You'll have to hunt for it.
Boot the Ubuntu medium in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. Sometimes, you'll see a choice of two boot options for the medium, one of which includes the string "EFI" or "UEFI" in it and the other of which does not. Select the option that does not include the EFI/UEFI string to boot in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode.
Proceed with the Ubuntu installation normally.
If you set the computer to boot in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode only, reset it to support both boot modes, if possible.

Once Ubuntu is installed, you'll need to find a way to dual-boot. Broadly speaking, there are three options:

You can rely on your firmware's built-in boot manager to switch between EFI-mode (Windows) or BIOS/CSM/legacy-mode (Linux) boots. This is usually a bit awkward, but some people find it acceptable. Unfortunately, some EFIs have such poor user interfaces that this option is literally unavailable.
You can use rEFInd as your boot manager. Install it in Windows and edit the refind.conf file: Uncomment the scanfor line and ensure that hdbios is among the options. When you reboot, you should see an option for Windows and a gray diamond-shaped icon that should boot to the GRUB that your 32-bit Ubuntu installer installed. Unfortunately, the EFI features that rEFInd uses to boot a BIOS-mode boot loader aren't available on all computers, so this option might not work for you; but if it does, it can be a convenient way to proceed.
You can install a 64-bit (yes, 64, not 32) EFI boot loader for Linux and configure it to boot your 32-bit kernel. I know this is possible with some EFI boot loaders, but not with all of them. (The EFI stub loader can't do it, for instance.) I'm sure that at least one of GRUB 2, Fedora's patched GRUB Legacy, and ELILO can do this job, but I can't promise that any specific one of them can do it.

Unfortunately, there are a few EFIs that are so inflexible that a BIOS/EFI dual-boot is impossible. If you've got one of them, your only hope is to use a 64-bit EFI boot loader for Linux.

Given all the caveats and the pretzel-twisting that's required to get this to work, I think you can see why I recommended sticking with a 64-bit version of Linux.


How to fix Timeout error occured while waiting for acknowledgement using Arduino IDE 1.9.0 beta on Ubuntu 20.04

Finally, in Arduino IDE go to Tools > Port
and choose (Serial Port USB) dev/ttyUSB0 not (Serial Port) dev/ttyS0


I am not able to login to another laptop

I had not installed openssh-server on my laptop.

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

should do the trick, also make sure that openssh-server is installed on all the systems you are trying to login to.


Make Ubuntu remember the printer configuration

Okay, I got it to work reliably: Instead of using the Ubuntu printer configuration tool I used the browser to go to http://localhost:631 where cups' built-in admin tool resides. I configured the printer there and now it stays configured. It still automatically adds an auto-configured, non-functioning, second printer whenever I turn on the printer, but if I just ignore that, I can print. An ideal solution, however, this is not.


gparted wont work on ubuntu 14.04, on a disk that is fine on ubuntu 10.04

This is a wild guess, but it could be that your disk(s) use the Host Protected Area (HPA) feature, which "hides away" some sectors of the disk. Unfortunately, some older Linux kernels ignored HPA. If you partitioned the disk with such a kernel, a newer kernel (which honors HPA settings) would show the disk as being suddenly smaller than the older kernel showed, and you'd get exactly the symptoms you report.

To check this, use hdparm and its -N option, as in:

$ sudo hdparm -N /dev/sda

/dev/sda:
 max sectors   = 488397168/488397168, HPA is disabled

In this case, HPA is disabled; but if it's enabled, the output will reveal that fact. If this is what you find, you can set it correctly with the same command, but you must add a p and the correct size, as in:

$ sudo hdparm -N p488397168

You'll have to adjust the value passed based on the actual size of your disk.


Is there an official maintained vscode snap available from microsoft on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

As of May 2019 (and probably a bit earlier!), yes, there is an official maintained vscode snap, it's called code.

Previous answer:
No.
A Visual Studio Code software engineer who's been working on the snap said: I've had too much other work to focus on to take this to the finish line. One of the things that was really bugging me is that every time I went to get some work done on it I would run into another major issue that needed help from the snapcraft team like random crashes or things not working.Click the link above to see what work needs to be done to get it working and help if you are able!I'm a member of the snapcrafters GitHub organisation where flexiondotorg's snap is held. The snapcrafters org is as close to official as unofficial can get. I have no commit access to the repositories, I think the three Snap Advocates (Canonical employees) have that (and sometimes other members who they trust to commit to certain snaps) and access to push edge snaps built from the GitHub repos to other channels including stable. flexiondotorg is Martin Wimpress, one of the Snap Advocates (and also, as it happens, the lead of Ubuntu MATE). I think you can trust our VS Code snap, although it would be better if Microsoft distributed it themselves, but they've got stuck, sad times :(


Can I compile (protect) a python script?

I haven't try it myself, but I know there's a thing called cx_Freeze. From its description:

  cx_Freeze is a set of scripts and modules for freezing Python scripts into executables

I'm not sure how easy or hard it is to unpack executable and actually see the script source in it, so security of this approach is debatable.


How to record a video and sound in a avi file from the command line?

I finally end up with:

ffmpeg -f alsa -ac 2 -i plughw:0,0 -f video4linux2 -s vga -i /dev/video0 video.mp4


What are the default fonts on Ubuntu 14.04

Here you go. Re-installed 14.04 just the other day.


Panel problem on Toshiba Satellite c855-2gd

I'd like to suggest you run from a LiveUSB w/ 13.10 for a week. It will launch a little slower, but you can still access your documents on the HDD as needed. If, after a week, the system is stable, then wither upgrade the OS or reinstall 12.04. What I suspect is a write error during the original install, not a defect in the hardware.


How can I access /org/gnome/shell/theme/ which is referred to in the ubuntu.css file on Ubuntu 18.04?

/org/gnome/shell/theme/ is not an actual directory that you can access (you cannot access it using dconf Editor either). This is associated to the GResource mechanism, GNOME shell can get the resource from the resource:// URI. Generally they're not human-readable as they are pre-compiled into a binary format.

You can however extract the the resource using the gresource command. You should be able to find a .gresource file somewhere in /usr/share/gnome-shell/ directory for shell theme. First check whether it contains the resource you're looking for by running

gresource list /path/to/filename.gresource | grep <resource-name>

for example,

gresource list /path/to/filename.gresource | grep checkbox-off.svg

Once confirmed, run the following command to extract the resource

gresource extract /path/to/filename.gresource /path/to/resource

for example,

gresource extract /path/to/filename.gresource /org/gnome/shell/theme/checkbox-off.svg

It should show you the content of the .svg file.

You can use this resource without extracting in the .css file for your custom theme as follows

url("resource:///path/to/resource");

for example,

url("resource:///org/gnome/shell/theme/checkbox-off.svg");


Moving data between two OS's on the same desktop?

Create an additional NTFS/FAT32 formatted partition and store your data on it. Both Windows and Ubuntu can access NTFS/FAT32 partition. Make sure fast startup is turned off in Windows (8, 8.1, 10).

Alternatively from Windows you can use Linux Reader to access partitions formatted with ext4 (the partition format Ubuntu uses as default). But never make changes to any file within Ubuntu root partition (the partition where Xubuntu is installed) while on Windows.


Never mind I am idiot. I should just write ~/Downloads/geany-themes master/ ~/.config/geany/colorschemes


How to disable/rebind Super+` in Ubuntu 17.10 (gnome)?

There's a Switch windows of an application binding in standard key bindings menu (Settings → Devices → Keyboard), which is 'disabled' by default. So turns out, 'disabled' is not disabled but is <Super>Grave and <Alt>Grave as its alternative. Set this to any other hotkey and the problem is solved.


how to shutdown the ubuntu machine in another way?

Contents:

General ideas
Script Source
Additional suggestions

1. General ideas:

It is possible to inhibit logout from Unity or Gnome session via dbus - an interprocess communication bus which allows executing certain actions as root on behalf of regular user. In my tests, it seems that log out is forceful in Unity; this means inhibit will only last a few seconds, but it is enough for us to run a shutdown command. The inhibit lock is also broken once user clicks "Log Out" option in the log-out dialog

The script below does exactly that. It runs two functions simultaneously. One function waits for Chrome to appear and then for Chrome processes to be gone and shutdown. The other function , inhibits
 the logout until the lock is broken , and once the lock is broken it calls shutdown function.

This script is meant to be added as startup application. Since you must use it for each user in your company, I suggest you place the .desktop file for this code into /etc/xdg/autostart folder. That way it will be running for all users automatically

2. Script source

It is also available on GitHub as gist

/usr/bin/inhibit_logout.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

#    Author: Serg Kolo,<1047481448@qq.com>
#    Date: September 28, 2016
#    Purpose: Monitoring script that shutsdown
#             system if logout occurs or chrome exits
#    Written for: http://askubuntu.com/q/828524/295286

from gi.repository import Gdk
import dbus
import os
import threading
import subprocess

def get_dbus(bus_type,obj,path,interface,method,*argv):

    if bus_type == "session":
        bus = dbus.SessionBus()
    if bus_type == "system":
        bus = dbus.SystemBus()
    proxy = bus.get_object(obj,path)
    method = proxy.get_dbus_method(method,interface)
    if argv:
        return method(*argv)
    else:
        return method()

def shutdown():
    ''' Wrapper for dbus Shutdown method '''
    get_dbus('session',
             'com.canonical.Unity',
             '/com/canonical/Unity/Session',
             'com.canonical.Unity.Session',
             'Shutdown',None)

def is_inhibited():
    ''' wrapper for IsInhibited dbus method'''
    return get_dbus('session',
             'org.gnome.SessionManager',
             '/org/gnome/SessionManager',
             'org.gnome.SessionManager',
             'IsInhibited',
             1)

def is_chrome_running():
    '''checks output of pgrep for
       any chrome processes'''
    try:
         null=open(os.devnull,'w')
         subprocess.check_call(['pgrep','-f','chrome'],stdout=null,stderr=null)
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
        return False
    else:
        return True

def inhibit_logout():
    ''' Inhibits log out temporarily so that we have
    enough time to shutdown '''

    # pretend we are root window
    # and inhibit logout on our behalf
    root_window_xid = int(Gdk.Screen.get_default().get_root_window().get_xid())
    get_dbus('session',
             'org.gnome.SessionManager',
             '/org/gnome/SessionManager',
             'org.gnome.SessionManager',
             'Inhibit',
             'root_window',
             root_window_xid,
             'TEST REASON',
             1)

    # once the inhibitor is removed, shutdown
    while is_inhibited():
       pass
    shutdown()

def capture_chrome():
    # wait for chrome to start
    while not is_chrome_running():
       pass

    # start waiting till it exits
    while is_chrome_running():
       pass

    # once chrome exits, shutdown
    shutdown()

def main():
    ''' program entry point'''
    threading.Thread(target=inhibit_logout).start()
    threading.Thread(target=capture_chrome).start()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

/etc/xdg/autostart/inhibit_logout.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=Logout Inhibitor
Exec=/usr/bin/inhibit_logout.py
OnlyShowIn=GNOME;Unity;
Terminal=false

3. Additional suggestion:

To prevent user from explicitly loging out and breaking the inhibitor lock, use

gsettings set com.canonical.indicator.session suppress-logout-menuitem true

This will remove logout option, but won't remove Ctrl+Alt+Del shortcut for logout. Consider removing that one as well


Yes, it may be old. I am currently running Tharpup and it purrs and it should run xubuntu. When the installation comes to an end is at 18% and then it goes to retry, change mirror, or cancel. None of the mirrors work ( none in North America or the U.K.)


Firefox 65: how to have tabs below the address bar?

Users of previous versions of Firefox have found that if they had tabs below the address bar, the upgrade to version 65 broke that: tabs appear above the address bar.

userChrome.css code fix for normal browsing (See further down for code that works for both normal and Private browsing windows.)

For Firefox 65 users who prefer to have tabs appear below the address bar, the procedure is described in Forum Response - Tabs below the URL bar

  Firefox's style or appearance can be modified by creating a chrome folder inside your Firefox profile folder and then placing a userChrome.css file inside, that includes a custom style rule. The rules you put in the userChrome.css file will override the default styles in Firefox.

with this caution:

  Custom style rules might not work every time because of other factors (such as incompatibility with other custom style rules) beyond the Mozilla community's control. Your custom style rule might also stop working each time a new Firefox release comes out.

On my system, this is the path to userChrome.css:

/home/dkb/.mozilla/firefox/prefix.suffix/chrome/userChrome.css

Both chrome and userChrome.css are case-sensitive.

The following lines needs to be placed in userChrome.css:

@namespace url("http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul");

/* TABS on bottom */
#navigator-toolbox toolbar:not(#nav-bar):not(#toolbar-menubar) {-moz-box-ordinal-group:10}
#TabsToolbar {-moz-box-ordinal-group:1000!important}

#TabsToolbar {
 position: absolute !important;
 bottom: 0 !important;
 width: 100vw !important;
}
#main-window:not([chromehidden*="toolbar"]) #navigator-toolbox {
padding-bottom: var(--tab-min-height) !important;
}
#tabbrowser-tabs {
  width: 100vw !important;
}

Save the file and restart Firefox.

Notes:

If you already have content in your userChrome.css, the first line is probably already present and doesn't need to be repeated.
You need to ensure that either the menu bar or the title bar or both are visible. If both are missing, the tabs on bottom will overlap and obscure your bookmarks bar and the minimize/restore/close buttons won't be displayed.

userChrome.css code fix for Private Browsing

I found a slightly longer userChrome.css code in Reposition Tabs at bottom, directly above web page in Firefox 65.0?. It requires some modification by the user but it works for both normal and Private Browsing windows:

@namespace url("http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul");

/* only needed once
*/

/* TABS: on bottom */
#navigator-toolbox toolbar:not(#nav-bar):not(#toolbar-menubar) {-moz-box-ordinal-group:10}
#TabsToolbar {-moz-box-ordinal-group:1000!important}

#TabsToolbar {
position: absolute !important;
bottom: 0 !important;
width: 100vw !important;
}

#tabbrowser-tabs {
width: 100vw !important;
}
#main-window:not([chromehidden*="toolbar"]) #navigator-toolbox {padding-bottom: var(--tab-min-height) !important;}

/* TABS: height */
:root {
--tab-toolbar-navbar-overlap: 0px !important;
--tab-min-height: 29px !important; /* 27 --- adjust to suit your needs */
}
:root #tabbrowser-tabs {
--tab-min-height: 29px !important; /* 27 --- needs to be the same as above under :root */
--tab-min-width: 80px !important;
}

#TabsToolbar {
height: var(--tab-min-height) !important;
margin-bottom: 1px !important;
box-shadow: ThreeDShadow 0 -1px inset, -moz-dialog 0 1px !important;
}

#tabbrowser-tabs,
#tabbrowser-tabs &gt; .tabbrowser-arrowscrollbox,
.tabbrowser-tabs[positionpinnedtabs] &gt; .tabbrowser-tab[pinned] {
min-height: var(--tab-min-height) !important;
max-height: var(--tab-min-height) !important;
}

/* drag space */
.titlebar-spacer[type="pre-tabs"],
.titlebar-spacer[type="post-tabs"] {
width: 40px;
}

/* Override vertical shifts when moving a tab */
#navigator-toolbox[movingtab] &gt; #titlebar &gt; #TabsToolbar {
padding-bottom: unset !important;
}
#navigator-toolbox[movingtab] #tabbrowser-tabs {
padding-bottom: unset !important;
margin-bottom: unset !important;
}
#navigator-toolbox[movingtab] &gt; #nav-bar {
margin-top: unset !important;
}

Note the px value of 29 in --tab-min-height: 29px !important works for me. You will need to adjust that for your system in both the lines in which that appears.

Other cautions as described above for normal browsing windows still need to be noted.

Firefox 65 with tabs below the address bar for normal and private windows:


What is overriding my window geometry? (Unity / 15.10)

You could check if there is something relevant in environment – by looking at output of command env ran in the initial gnome-terminal.

Also, file /usr/share/applications/gnome-terminal.desktop can have something added in Exec= line.


Full-screen resolution can be achieved on the VirtualBox server console terminal, but setting only the GRUB_GFXMODE in the /etc/default/grub is not enough. (It may be enough for the desktop version though...)

I downloaded and installed Ubuntu 15.10 x64 server installer to test this solution and it worked!

Install hwinfo

sudo apt-get install hwinfo -fy

Got the supported mode using hwinfo

sudo hwinfo --framebuffer | grep <desired resolution>

For me it was

sudo hwinfo --framebuffer | grep 1280x1024

and the output looked like follows.

  Mode 0x0306: 1280x1024 (+160), 4 bits
  Mode 0x0307: 1280x1024 (+1280), 8 bits
  Mode 0x0319: 1280x1024 (+2560), 15 bits
  Mode 0x031a: 1280x1024 (+2560), 16 bits
  Mode 0x031b: 1280x1024 (+3840), 24 bits
  Mode 0x0345: 1280x1024 (+5120), 24 bits

  Please note that it gave two mode values for 24 bit colour, but only
  one of them was a valid value, the other one just didn't work. In this
  case do as I did, try an other value from the list.

Edit /etc/default/grub

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Uncomment the line starting with #GRUB_GFXMODE, add below it a new line for GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX. Finally locate the line starting with  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT and add the chosen video mode from the previous hwinfo query.

Here is a sample fragment of my /etc/default/grub file.

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="video=0x0345"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console

# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
GRUB_GFXMODE=1280x1024
GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=1280x1024

Save the file using CTRL+O, then exit pressing CTRL+X.

Now we can upgrade grub and reboot.

sudo update-grub && sudo reboot

After reboot you will have a terminal with your chosen/full screen resolution :)

Also tried it on Ubuntu 14.04 and 16.04 with success.


2 inch black bar on the left side of display?

Wow, well that was embarrassingly easy. All I had to do was auto adjust my monitor!


Launcher application missing white triangle arrow which indicates it is running

You can bring it back to front using the 'expo' shortcut:

Super + w

That will bring all your running apps to the expo mode where you can see them all. Just click on Gimp and it will bring it to the front. You can also assign this expo mode to a 'hot corner' using the mouse pointer (up right corner for me).

Hope that helps


Error installing TeamViewer on Ubuntu 16.04 64-bit

Not sure if this is too late. You need to fix up all dependencies before installing TeamViewer. The following command fixed my problem:

sudo apt --fix-broken install


/etc/rc.local is a silly place to put it IMO.

Whack ath9k on the end of /etc/modules (the file that's supposed to handle which modules are also added by default)


How to uninstall mathematica 9 from Ubuntu?

The link http://support.wolfram.com/kb/4730 provides the following information:

Linux

To uninstall Mathematica, please remove the following directories. Please back up any documents that you want to keep from these directories:

/usr/share/Mathematica/
~/.Mathematica/Licensing/mathpass
/usr/local/Wolfram/Mathematica/


How do I create a live USB installer from a Mac?

Unetbootin is a great application available for Linux, Windows and Mac OS. This can be downloaded from Unetbootin Homepage.

Unetbootin has a fairly simple interface to use. You can choose from a list of Linux Distributions to download from the web or select a local image.


How to enable keyboard backlight for Ubuntu 18.04 OS on Lenovo Thinkpad L480 laptop

At least with Thinkpad T480 model
the keyboard led seems to be found under tpacpi::kbd_backlight:

So like proposed in comment section,

echo 2|sudo tee /sys/class/leds/tpacpi::kbd_backlight/brightness


Customise up and down keys to match cmd (point-in-time) functionality

Although personally I would not want to do it as I've got used to the bash history, but I can see why people would want to. I have looked into this before, for a colleague at work, who was new to *nix and wanted DOS-like functionality in an xterm, and then, as now, there does not appear to be a solution.

I have just done another extensive search, and can't find anything obvious, apart from:

DOSEMU, which is not quite what you are after, and;
Make your Linux command line work like DOS with shell scripting, but the link seems to be somewhat intermittent, and besides this is probably not what you really want. This link merely provides ways of substituting Unix commands for DOS commands, by using custom scripts.

Strangely, there are plenty of ways to make cmd more bash like, for example, Bash History-like feature for Windows Command Prompt, but sadly not the other way around.

The main problem is, to put it (overly) simply, that the cursor key functionality (and how it interacts with the history) is built into the Bash source code, and scripting, aliases and shell functions can not override that fact1. What you would require is a rewritten bash, with different [switchable?] cursor key functionality built in to it, a sort of "DOSBash", if you will.

Maybe there is the opportunity of a niche market being catered for, and someone will eventually fulfill that need, but I wouldn't hold your breath.

1 If I am incorrect, and it is possible to override the cursor key functionality by a simple resource file change, I would be delighted if someone could put me straight.


usb drives don't have advertised capacity.


Merging unallocated partition in usb drive

Open GParted.
Select the device in the top right corner.
Find the partition in the list below.
Right click and select "Delete". If this option is inaccessible, try unmounting (also from right click menu) before deleting.

Afterwards, you may want to resize the main partition to take up all the space on the pen drive.


Where should I put my touchpad configuration file?

The location /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf is used by the package xserver-xorg-input-synaptics.

If you want to overwrite the configuration, then you could use this configuration file. But it will be removed when you delete the package xserver-xorg-input-synaptics with a purge command.

And as you can read in /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf

# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE, your distribution will likely overwrite
# it when updating. Copy (and rename) this file into
# /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d first.

Use /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/ and rename the file as noted, but you have to place a number as prefix. By this number the order of processing is affected.


There is no easy way for anyone to answer the question, unless they have the exact same hardware.

A quicker way would be to download the Ubuntu 10.10 cd and test it in a Live environment (it's option 3 , select the "Show me how" ). This way you can test it yourself, and be sure, without making any changes to your install.

As for the webcam, cheese is just a software which views your webcam video input. Whether the webcam is detected or not depends on the kernel and if the driver has been included for your webcam model.


How do I change the PC boot from Legacy to EFI mode when boot-repair warns me?

Yes, this is done in the BIOS (UEFI firmware).
The exact way to do it depends on your firmware, but generally this is done in a menu called "Boot options". Here are some good examples:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI#Set_up_the_BIOS_in_EFI_or_Legacy_mode


Something weird is happening with Fn keys

[For your FN-Brightness Key]

Open your Terminal and run this:

sudo -H gedit /etc/default/grub

and search for

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=

and change it into

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux"

It should work for Asus as for Acer PCs too. It worked for my Acer.


Driver for Intel HD 3000 (Core i7 2630QM)

Intel provides an open source driver which is installed by default on Ubuntu.
Run dpkg -s xserver-xorg-video-intel to check the status of the driver package: it should be installed.

Ubuntu 11.10 should run just fine on your hardware. Having two computers with Intel's HD3000 and HD2000 GPUs i can confirm it. Since the Ubuntu 11.04 → 11.10 update, I no more need to use the xorg-edgers ppa and it's way more stable.

You could also try to upgrade to the Linux 3.1 kernel.

If you still want to download the driver, you can look for the xf86-video-intel source or the default package.


How to run application that is located on file system but not installed?

In nautilus filemanager, when you right click testdisk_static select Properties. In the Property dialogue, that comes up go to the tab Permissions there check the box that says Allow executing file as program. Once you have done that, you can double click on testdisk_static in nautilus and tell it to run the program if testdisk as a graphical user interface.

If it has no GUI, you will have to run it in shell. You can do the following:

cd PathToTestDisk         # go to direcotry testdisk is located
chmod +x testdisk_static  # allow for the binaries to be executed
./testdisk_static         # execute program

Edit your question with the exact problem if that doesn't work.

If you want testdisk to show up as a regular shell command you can create a symbolic link in /usr/local/bin like this:

ln -s /Path/To/Test/Disk/testdisk_static /usr/local/bin/testdisk

In order for this to work, you must use absolute paths on the first argument.


You could try to:

First, using the menu actions you have already described, move the document folder to an alternate location.
For example, you could create a new subfolder on the desktop, or within another path, or perhaps on another drive.
Then, once the document folder has been removed from your desktop, you could move it again, from the alternate location, back to the desktop.

Also, some other things you could look at, and try:

View the desktop folder in a file browser or command-line shell to see if document shows as a folder or not.
On the desktop, try to rename the document folder to some other name to see if it is restored to be accessed as a folder.

In the end, if this functionallity has been corrupt, you may have to create a new user and move (or copy) all your existing home/desktop files to the new user, and then delete the "corrupt" user.


How to configure one Linux Bridge with two physical interfaces in MAAS?

We have found a way following procedures listed here

Maas Custom node setup preseed


Appears to a possible Duplicate of CTRL and ALT works as SHIFT?.
Anyway try this:-

Install driver from https://bitbucket.org/Swoogan/aziokbd

sudo apt-get install mercurial build-essential linux-headers-generic dkms
hg clone https://bitbucket.org/Swoogan/aziokbd
cd aziokbd
sudo ./install.sh dkms

Add kernel option to grub to prevent usbhid from being used for this keyboard. Append:

usbhid.quirks=0x0c45:0x7603:0x4

to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT in /etc/default/grub.

Example:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash usbhid.quirks=0x0c45:0x7603:0x4"

Update grub

sudo update-grub

Reboot

References:

CTRL and ALT keys mapped to Shift for some reason
dkms Installed kernel module but not working after reboot
Prevent usbhid from claiming USB device

Orignally answered by user.dz


Download this package and transfer it on a USB key or similar: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/58267392/b43.zip Drag and drop the file to the desktop of the MacBook. Right-click it and select 'Extract Here.' Now open a terminal and do:

sudo mkdir /lib/firmware/b43
sudo cp Desktop/b43/* /lib/firmware/b43

Reboot and you should be all set.


I’ve seen this happen when GNOME Display Manager acts up. Generally a reinstall of a few things can resolve the issue:
sudo apt install --reinstall gdm3 ubuntu-desktop gnome-shell
sudo systemctl reboot