Can Chromium Browser's Permissions Facilitate a Root Kit Exploit?

Ironically, I think this is so that it can be more secure : see http://code.google.com/p/chromium/wiki/LinuxSUIDSandbox

The sandbox helper binary creates new restricted processes to run the sandboxed components like Flash or other binary plugins.

The practical upshot is that without SUID, the sandbox helper binary can't:

chroot to another part of the filesystem to restrict access to the real file system.
Create a new PID namespace to prevent sandboxed components tracing or killing other processes

Both of these operations require a privileged process.


Logitech MX Master Mouse pairs, but won't work

So since people still seem to come around here looking for an answer (I don't blame you, it's a good mouse), I decided to do some copy-pasting from my MX Anywhere 2 answer. Anyway, enjoy:

UPDATE FOR >15.10:

In my original answer I said that the problem would most likely be fixed when 15.10 comes around. While 15.10 does indeed have bluez 5, there is still some problem with pairing. Honestly, it was quite a while since I fixed this problem myself, but if I remember correctly, the MX Master (MX Anywhere 2) uses a PIN-less pairing method which isn't quite properly implemented yet in Ubuntu. Here are some commands which you can use as a quick fix:

hciconfig hci0 sspmode 1
hciconfig hci0 down
hciconfig hci0 up

If you're using another Bluetooth device than hci0, you obviously have to change that part of the commands, otherwise, they should be good to go.

ORIGINAL ANSWER (for < 15.10):

I had this problem a while back. Basically what's happening is that the MX Master requires Bluetooth Smart and Ubuntu ships with bluez (the Bluetooth driver) 4 which does not have support for Bluetooth Smart. Bluez 5, which adds support for Bluetooth Smart, is supposed to start shipping with 15.10, but for now, you'll have to install bluez 5 manually if you want to use it.

Just a heads up, if you want to have a stable system, DON'T DO THIS. First of all, this will break the built in Bluetooth control in the settings panel. This method that I'm about to describe adds a PPA too, which is supposed to be bad for your system when upgrading and stuff. Only do this if you know how to remove a PPA and revert to bluez 4 or if you just don't care and want to get it working. ;P

First, you need to add a PPA with bluez 5. I would recommend the bluez 5 PPA made by Austin since that's the one I have used before. Add it with this command:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:vidplace7/bluez5

Then refresh apt-get:

sudo apt-get update

After that you can install bluez 5 with this command:

sudo apt-get install bluez

Now that you have bluez 5, you need a way of controlling Bluetooth since, as stated earlier, the built in control panel will not work anymore.

There are two ways which I have tried for this. If you want to have a GUI then Blueman is your best option. You can install it simply with:

sudo apt-get install blueman

This will install the Blueman Bluetooth interface which you can open for your app launcher. It should be straight forward to use and not require any in depth explanation.

The method I recommend however is to use the command line. I found this to be much more stable (worked on login screen while Blueman didn't) and actually surprisingly intuitive to use for being a command line.

The way it works is that you type bluetoothctl in to the command line where you'll now have a command interface to interact with Bluetooth devices. You can type help to get a list of commands and what they do. The command that you'll want to use first for pairing the MX Master is the scan command. If you type scan on, your computer will start searching for Bluetooth devices. While in this mode, put your MX Master in to pairing mode and wait for it to show up in the console. It will show up something like this:

[NEW] Device XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX MX Master

The "XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX" string is the MAC address of your MX Master. To pair it and connect it, type:

pair XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
connect XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX

Make sure to change all the "XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX" to the MAC address you got when scanning.

And that should about do it. Hope it works for you!


Correct and proper method would be to correct the permissions as per this question.

However to test you can always set the permissions on the entire wp-content/ directory to 777. Obviously this is a massive security risk and you shouldn't leave your directories like that.

See here for the dangers of 777.


unable to work with cgi on ubuntu16.04 debian

Finally, This article worked for me.

Instead of modifying '/sites-available/000-default.conf', I write the following code in '/etc/apache2/conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf':

   ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /var/www/cgi-bin/
         <Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin/">
              AllowOverride None
              Options +ExecCGI
         </Directory>

Also, I saved the hello.py in /var/www/cgi-bin folder and then open the file in the browser.


Is there any sdk for developing ubuntu desktop application

Yes, there are two SDKs you can use (in a language you prefer - eg. C, C++, python ...)

You have to decide which widget kits you want to use: GTK3 (very close to linux) or QT5 (which can be used on other OS as well).
The languages I've mentioned support both. You need the right imports.
A simple example for a very small python "app" is here
That example shows you how to build a GTK3 or QT5 app using some libraries that linux/Ubuntu offers.


How do I get a Broadcom 4313 wireless card working on a 2.6.38 kernel?

OK not a direct answer to the wlan question, however, I understand your situation as follows, that you switched to the older kernel due to heating problems. Try to install Jupiter, which is solving some of the regression issues leading sometimes to overheating. If so, you can use the newer kernel which supports your wlan.

Jupiter how to


Installing the xauth in the remote server could solve the problem.

sudo apt-get install xauth

You might need to restart the server after installing xauth.

Also check your sshd_config file on the server side X11Forwarding should be set to yes;

/etc/ssh/sshd_config

Also while connecting through ssh you should use the -X option to enable Xforwarding. Such as:

ssh -X username@X.X.X.X


All snap settings are in the ~/snap directory. I think numbers corresponds to the version ID of a snap package.


how to count line in text file and insert it in the first line

With GNU sed:

for f in *.txt; do sed -i "1i$(wc -l < "$f")" "$f"; done

1i inserts text before the first line, and -i causes the change to be written to the file in place.

A purist would probably use ed in place of sed:

for f in *.txt; do printf '0r !wc -l < %%\n,wq\n' | ed -s "$f"; done


how to upgrade ubuntu 14.04LTS to 16LTS from command line　without GUI?

The recommended way to upgrade a Server Edition installation is to use the do-release-upgrade utility. Part of the update-manager-core package, it does not have any graphical dependencies and is installed by default.

sudo do-release-upgrade

See https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/installing-upgrading.html

This will work for your installation as well (i.e. not just for Server Editions).


How to install newer version of ghostscript on server than provided from ubuntu?

In this post it is not only explained the easiest way to install ghostscript (as asked), but also the way how to derive newer versions of ghotscript, such as 9.26.

If you need Ghostscript 9.25:

Download "Ghostscript 9 Source" from https://www.ghostscript.com/download/gsdnld.html (direct link to gs 9.25)
uncompress it (f.e. tar xvf ghostscript-9.25.tar.gz)
go into this folder
sudo ./configure
sudo make install
restart Terminal
Test with gs -v

To check your version (maybe after restarting terminal)

ghostscript -v


If you are a Pidgin user, there is a telegram-purple plugin:
https://github.com/majn/telegram-purple

It is provided for Ubuntu by the webupd8 repository:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install telegram-purple


python3-rencode & python3-setproctitle it is not installable

As mentionned by fkraiem, you can either enable "universe" in your source repository by doing:

sudo add-apt-repository universe

Then,

sudo apt-get update

Now, you can retry the upgrade

Or you can also directly download them here:
https://pkgs.org/download/python3-rencode and
https://pkgs.org/download/python3-setproctitle
(select those corresponding to your version of Ubuntu, installed them and try to upgrade.

NB: My personal opinion is when you are upgrading your version of Ubuntu, it usually better to make a fresh installation as a lot of packages are changed (some are no longer maintained and others are newly created like your python packages).


Both 10.04.3 LTS and 11.10 oneiric have whitedune and it seems to work ok. Install it with a package manager or sudo apt-get install whitedune.


Sorry, Ubuntu 18.04 has experienced an internal error nautilus

It is probably a bug in Ubuntu 18.04.
See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nautilus/+bug/954409
No remedy, though.


Ubuntu 15.10 core files not found although core_pattern looks ok

the solution was to set
    ulimit -c unlimited

Here is my full solution that puts all the core files in /tmp/cores with an explicit name for those files:

sudo apt-get remove apport
ulimit -u unlimited
sudo bash -c 'echo "* hard core unlimited" >> /etc/security/limits.conf'
sudo bash -c 'echo "* soft core unlimited" >> /etc/security/limits.conf'
sudo bash -c 'echo "kernel.core_pattern=/tmp/cores/core.%e.%p.%h.%t" >> /etc/sysctl.conf'
sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf

Then you need to logout or reboot to make it all work.


you did not mention the command you are using , any way Here an example for you.

aria2c http://site/file.torrent

If you want deal with Magnet link

aria2c --follow-torrent=mem http://site/file.torrent

If you want to know more about area2c torrent, click


Is it possible to perform speed test with any Ubuntu server?

a standard tool is IPerF or it's graphical frontend JPerF

( https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-test-the-network-speedthroughput-between-two-linux-servers/ )


Ubuntu Software - why are the available app names not actually shown?

it's not a bug, it's a problem on your machine. When I repeat your steps I get:

Did you have a new install or an upgrade from earlier version? Sorry for asking a question but I couldn't fit the screen shot into a comment.

┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈
rick@dell:~$ uname -r
4.7.5-040705-generic
┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈
rick@dell:~$ uname -a
Linux dell 4.7.5-040705-generic #201609240533 SMP Sat Sep 24 09:35:42 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈┈
rick@dell:~$ lsb_release -rd
Description:    Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS
Release:    16.04

Edit 1 - Reinstall Software Center

The logical first step (and easiest step) is to reinstall the Software Center with these commands:

sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install software-center

First command is a bonus to fix any dependency errors.


Installation of Apache OpenOffice ends because I do not have superuser privileges

You must run the command as root with temporary permits, prefixing the command sudo.

sudo dpkg -i *.deb

I also prefer Apache OpenOffice to LibreOffice.


Skype and VLC sounds sizzle/distorted/bad

It's not just a problem with Skype, I believe it's a problem with, you've guessed it, PulseAudio.

Workaround? Indeed there is.

Disabling PulseAudio's Glitch Free Audio seems to have solved the crackling for me (which became unbearable on Ubuntu 12.10 Beta 2)

To do this, edit the /etc/pulse/default.pa file in your favourite text editor.

Search for the following line:

load-module module-hal-detect

and append "tsched=0" to the end:

load-module module-hal-detect tsched=0

restart pulse (or just reboot your system), and the crackling should be gone.

Not sure what the side effects are by disabling Glitch Free Audio, but I can't seem to find any yet.

UPDATE:
If you don't have a line with load-module module-hal-detect, then search for following line:

load-module module-udev-detect

and append "tsched=0" to the end:

load-module module-udev-detect tsched=0

restart pulse (or just reboot your system), and the crackling should be gone.


Change the downloads folder to downloads in other partition and mount at bootup

You should be able to follow these directions for creating a separate home partition, changing only minor details to suit your needs. https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Partitioning/Home/Moving


Is there a way to get Team Fortress 2 working?

Team Fortress 2 works pretty well for me, as well as a bunch of other games that use Source engine.

I recommend you to use plain Wine without PlayOnLinux. Winetricks is helpful, however.

Steam Games on Linux website has detailed information about which games can be played successfully, and what you have to do for that.
Team Fortress 2 on that website (Status: playable)

First you have to Install the latest Wine.
Make sure to configure Wine (look at STEAM + WINE CONFIGURATION section)
How to use Winetricks:

Select the default wineprefix OK
Install a Windows DLL or component OK
It is important to mark d3dx9 here. Optional packages that may be needed for some games: d3dx10, vb6run, vcrun2005, vcrun2008, vcrun2010, physx. OK
Install a font OK
Mark corefonts and tahoma. OK

Next, download Steam and go through the installer.
When you create an account or just log in, you should have no trouble downloading Team Fortress 2 through Steam and playing it.
Make sure to change video settings in the game to lowest ASAP (don't miss the "advanced" video settings). Windowed mode is mostly better. It is good to restart the game after this.


Access ext4 from Windows 10 to undo changes in 2 config files

The Windows itself cannot recognize ext4 partitions.The fastest way is to try something like disk partition software.Almost all of them can recognize ext4.


After upgrading xubuntu 18.04 to 20.04 ----->no gpsd? no xgps!

Your gpsd.service is disabled. Enable it and start it...
sudo systemctl enable gpsd.service
sudo systemctl start gpsd.service
sudo systemctl start gpsd.socket
sudo systemctl status gpsd*
Update #1:
Reverted /etc/default/gpsd back to default file by purging and reinstalling gpsd.
Update #2:
You may need to edit /etc/default/gpsd and change the following lines...
START_DAEMON="true"
DEVICES="/dev/rfcomm0"
Update #3:
Make sure that port 2947 is open in your firewall. Then xgps and cgps should work.


How do I control Front and Back volume independently with cloned stereo signal

The mixers that ship in Ubuntu are all very flimsey in my opinion but there are a couple of good options that are simple to install.

ALSAMixer is usually the first port of call for telling people how to fix muted channels, etc but it's a fairly robust text-mode mixer. I would suggest this over the GUI alternatives (gnome-alsamixer as one example) because they lack polish and that makes them harder to use.

If it's not already installed, it's as simple as:

sudo apt-get install alsamixer
alsamixer

padevchooser is another option. It's a lot more than just a mixer - it's a whole suite of tools for managing pulseaudio. Rather than being console-based

sudo apt-get install padevchooser
padevchooser

When it's running you should see a new icon in your Notification Area (near the clock). Click it and select Volume Control. Under Output Devices you should be able to manage the volumes on a per-channel basis.

You might want to add padevchooser to your list of start-up applications (in System -> Preferences)


no system-choosing screen after installing Ubuntu 12.04

The problem isn't GRUB2,its Windows MBR Boot loader (NTLDR) That overwrites it.
The thing is, if you want to do it with windows 7/8, you'll need to install Ubuntu first,then install windows 7/8.
On Windows Vista and XP, it might work but i'm not so sure.


VirtualHost and 403 Forbidden problem with Apache

You need to have Read and Execute permissions on your home folder. If you do sudo chmod o+rx /home/joarobles This error should then be resolved.


Microsoft Lifecam VX-2000 doesn't work anymore in Cheese

cheese has bugs

Install Guvcview (GTK+ UVC Viewer) to Ubuntu 12.04 via ppa

http://www.iasptk.com/ubuntu-ppa-repositories/18693-install-guvcview-gtk-uvc-viewer-to-ubuntu-1204-via-ppa-

Guvcview aims at providing a simple GTK interface for capturing and viewing video from devices supported by the linux UVC driver, although it should also work with any v4l2 compatible device.

Install Guvcview to Ubuntu 12.04 via ppa

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:pj-assis/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install guvcview


How to keep a link to a folder after restart?

I also had same problem in the past. The reason is after you restart Ubuntu, it doesn't mount all the partitions automatically.

So in order to use the link you created you will have to mount the corresponding partition first.

The image below shows the Nautilus opened just after restarting Ubuntu. As you can see I have marked two partitions I have on my system. They are not mounted yet. So now if I click on any link which is inside these partitions then it will not open.

This is what you might be seeing.

So, the only thing you have to do is mount the partition before clicking on the link.

As you can see in the image below, I have mounted the corresponding partition and the link has returned to normal from the plain document.


I am trying to mount a dvd, but it does not work

I can only assume that your DVD is a internal one with Master/slave jumpers set right in
Bios so the hardware is readable for Kernel or the system to be able to access its contents. Hard-disk usually master and other peripheral-devices like cd/dvd usually are slaves.

One way to find where your Cd/Dvd is listed mounted is to insert a cd/dvd in and open up your files in a file reader like nautilus or nemo or what ever is currently installed in your system or just click icon for Files.
Hoover over your Devices currently showing with your mouse pointer. If nothing shows up for your CD/Dvd when hoovering over your mouse over Devices when you have a cd/dvd disk in. If it did show up and your mouse is over the listed device will show you the path ex. Media / (computer or user name ) / Current label of the cd/dvd name.
You can go in to that folder and read what drive letter is assigned for your cd/dvd drive. Ex.cdrom0 or a other number for it so you can mount it permanently to the system.

Another way to do it is simply browse through the subfolders in /media (or could even be /mnt on older systems) until you find the one that shows your disc (you’ll need to have one in the drive, of course).

Or if you want to do it via the terminal, you can use
mount|grep ^'/dev'

which will display info as follows: This is just a Ex.
/dev/sda2 on / type ext3 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro)
/dev/sda1 on /media/Windows-XP-x64 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096)
/dev/sr0 on /media/cdrom0 type iso9660 (ro,nosuid,nodev,user=ozzman)

As you see your Cd/dvd listed in that folder you can open that folder by owning root privligies for your file reader so you can modify it in your file system to make it be visible every time you boot up by modifying the mount point or do the following in terminal.

[Ubuntu] Mount/Unmount CD/DVD
in command line
To mount your CD/DVD:
Open a terminal ctrl+alt+t and type
sudo mount /media/cdrom0/ -o unhide
To unmount your CD/DVD:
Open a terminal and type:
sudo umount /media/cdrom0/ -l
Assuming that media/cdrom0 is the location of your CD/DVD rom.

That should mount your cd/dvd player to be part of your system when booting up.

If not can you repost here again.


Troubleshooting accessing console of phpvirtualbox - TCP: SECURITY_ERROR Error #2048

i had a similar problem. I solved removing any previous version of VirtualBox Extension Pack and installing version Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-5.0.6-103037 (you can find it here https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Download_Old_Builds_5_0 ). Like you, i'm running VB5.0.8 and phpVB5.0.3; my OS is CentOS6.7; my kernel is 2.6.32-573.7.1.el6.x86_64.
Maybe phpVB5.0.3 is not fully compatible with VB Extension Pack 5.0.8...we have to wait next release of phpVB ;)
Hope this help you.
Bye
Marco


My top panel and launcher is gone after trying to install Dropbox

This is two separate issues.

STEP 1

To force recovery of your GUI, then remove and re-install from text-console mode.  This should fully recover, but will not affect any files, folders you have (presumably also backed-up).

STEP 2

Once you re-start your machine, and resolve any issues with 'control panel' and 'launcher' then follow instructions at:

Dropbox install stuck at 99%, how do I fix it?


This is not possible, you need to upgrade to 10.04 first, and then 12.04.

It might be quicker to just reinstall.


Is there an equivalent of "stay" for Ubuntu?

Compiz Place Windows Plugin may be useful for you but not essentially the same as "Stay" for OSX. Anyway, there are a few other plugins that will allow you to have more control on the position, placement mode and other window features.

From the site:

  The Place Windows plugin provides some basic window placement
  algorithms, to place windows at a natural and sensible place when
  created.

and

  Window Placement Rules

  Finally, the place plugin allows you to place matched windows on a
  certain area of the screen, or a certain viewport every time.

A screenshot is provided here for you to see the "Fixed Window Placement" tab inside of the Place Windows Plugin.

Good luck!


Mount drive through command line (as if I clicked on it in nautilus)

Try udisks --mount <device name>

To mount by partition label, you can do

udisks --mount /dev/disk/by-label/baydrive


Installing flash for other browsers so it will work with Steam?

Simply, run the following steps:

Download the file from here. You NEED to get the 32-bit version.
Extract the tar file. Place it in your home folder.
Run: mkdir -p ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/plugins. This will allow you to install Flash plugins.
Run cp ~/install_flash_player_11_linux.i386/libflashplayer.so ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/plugins. This will install the flash plugin into your Steam install.
Install libxt6 by sudo apt-get install libxt6:i386.
???
PROFIT!

Source


How "file --mime-type path" works for a file wich has no extension

Extensions are mostly irrelevant in Linux systems. Unlike Windows, the vast majority of Linux tools don't rely on the extension at all. For example:

$ cat script.py
#!/usr/bin/python
print("Works!")
$ chmod 777 script.py
$ ./script.py
Works!

Now, with a different extension:

$ mv script.py script.foo
$ ./script.foo
Works!

So, forget about extensions. They're very rarely relevant and file doesn't use them. Have a look at man file (please read man file, this is only part of the information there):

  file tests each argument in an attempt to classify it.  There are
  three  sets of tests, performed in this order: filesystem tests, magic
  tests,  and language tests.  The first test that succeeds causes the
  file type to  be printed.

  The filesystem tests are based on examining the return from a stat(2)
  system call.  The program checks to see if the file is empty, or if
  it's  some sort of special file.  Any known file types appropriate to
  the system you are running on (sockets, symbolic links, or named
  pipes (FIFOs)  on those systems that implement them) are intuited if
  they are defined in  the system header file .

  The magic tests are used to check for files with data in particular
  fixed  formats.  The canonical example of this is a binary executable
  (compiled  program) a.out file, whose format is defined in ,
   and  possibly  in the standard include directory.
  These files have a  “magic number” stored in a particular place near
  the beginning of the

  If a file does not match any of the entries in the magic file, it
  is examined to see if it seems to be a text file.  ASCII, ISO-8859-x, non-ISO
       8-bit extended-ASCII character sets (such as those used on Macintosh and
       IBM PC systems), UTF-8-encoded Unicode, UTF-16-encoded Unicode, and
       EBCDIC character sets can be distinguished by the different ranges and
       sequences of bytes that constitute printable text in each set.  If a file
       passes any of these tests, its character set is reported.

  Once file has determined the character set used in a text-type file,
  it  will attempt to determine in what language the file is written.
  The lan‐  guage tests look for particular strings (cf.  )
  that can appear  anywhere in the first few blocks of a file.  For
  example, the keyword .br  indicates that the file is most likely a
  troff(1) input file, just as the  keyword struct indicates a C
  program.  These tests are less reliable than  the previous two groups,
  so they are performed last.  The language test  routines also test for
  some miscellany (such as tar(1) archives, JSON  files).


If you're OK to use bash commands, you should look the man page for the find command .

find . -name \*.txt -size +599k -exec mv {} bigTextFolder \;

With this line, you can move all .txt files bigger or equal than 600KB into the bigTextFolder folder. You can find a lot of documentation about find on the net (Beginner Linux Guide) and the list of all tests available in the man page (first link).

To understand the command, look arguments:

. is the directory where find will look for file. You can replace that by the path of your HDD.
-name \*.txt is the name filter. It can use wildcards(*) if you escape them with . You can read this like "Find all the file with a name ended by .txt". Replace that by the pattern you're looking for:

All file beginning by a: find . -name a\*
The file aba.txt: find . -name aba.txt

-size +599k is the size filter. Here you say "Find all the file with a size strictly superior too 599KB". Change 599 to the size you want, and k is just the unit.
-exec allows to execute another command once a file is found. So here, for each file found, we do mv fileFounded targetFolder. The {} will be replace by your result. This part has to end with \;.

Keep in mind that you have a lot of other filters: type, date, owner, permissions,...


Graphics card not supported, unusable interface

Logging out whenever your interface dies

This used to happen to me quite a lot under 10.10 for various reasons, (mostly playing around with things I shouldn't), but I found a good way of getting back to the login screen.

Press Crtl+Alt+F1, which will take you to one of the background virtual terminals. (If you ever want to come back because you're just testing it press Ctrl+Alt+F7 or Ctrl+Alt+F8, one of which should take you back to the graphical interface.

In the fullscreen terminal, you'll be asked to log in. Log in using your normal username and pass word, and typesudo killall Xorg, which (after entering your password again), will kill Xorg and force it to restart back to the login screen.

When it restarts, it will show your user with a tick next to their name and say already logged in, don't worry about that, its referring to the virtual terminal that you just logged in to. You can switch back to it using Crtl+Alt+F1 as above to see it running, and you can log out of the terminal just by typing logout.

Hope that helps.


You may try a GNOME shell extension called "Gnome Global Application Menu(HUD for Gnome)". It provides a global application menu (i.e. menu bar of an application window in the top bar) à la Unity's global menu.

(screenshot source: extension's homepage at extensions.gnome.org)
For detailed info you may visit the extension's GitHub page.
Warning: Performance may not be as smooth as Unity's global menu. See this if you want to deactivate/uninstall the extension correctly.

Current status and future of the extension

It will work for the next 6 month at less, as i'm waiting for the release of ubuntu 18.04 to take a desition of what i will do. If the default session of ubuntu 18.04 will be xorg i will continue with the extension for 6 month more. Also, if ubuntu or gnome developers fix or help to fix unity-gtk-module in wayland i will continue the extension. What i will not do is continues making improvements, because this have not sense if will not work on Wayland. Also if the ubuntu developers want to implemented it i will donate the extension to hims and i will help in what is needed. - the developer,  27 Oct 2017

Update: The extension has been discontinued by its original developer. Please consider not using this extension.


I see that this is an old question but someone might find this solution useful.

From /etc/default/tlp:

# Radeon graphics clock speed (profile method): low, mid, high, auto, default;
# auto = mid on BAT, high on AC; default = use hardware defaults.
# (Kernel >= 2.6.35 only, open-source radeon driver explicitly)
RADEON_POWER_PROFILE_ON_AC=default
RADEON_POWER_PROFILE_ON_BAT=low

# Radeon dynamic power management method (DPM): battery, performance
# (Kernel >= 3.11 only, requires boot option radeon.dpm=1)
RADEON_DPM_STATE_ON_AC=performance
RADEON_DPM_STATE_ON_BAT=battery

# Radeon DPM performance level: auto, low, high; auto is recommended.
RADEON_DPM_PERF_LEVEL_ON_AC=auto
RADEON_DPM_PERF_LEVEL_ON_BAT=auto

dmesg could be one way to check the actual frequencies.

sudo apt install tlp
sudo nano /etc/default/tlp
sudo tlp start


Configuring syslog for bash script logging

You could use the utility logger, as in the following example:

logger -p local0.notice -t MYTAG "my message"

In the default rsyslog configuration, it will appear on /var/log/syslog as

Jul 11 12:16:23 enzotib-laptop MYTAG: my message

If you want to log to some other file, you should modify /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf, or better add another files under the same directory.


How to turn off the Touchpad so it STAYS off!

There are two possibilities.

In you BIOS settings, you may have an option to disable the touchpad, during system POST,(when you hit the power on button) immediately hold down F2 or F8 or F12 whatever is the key defined by your laptop manufacturer.  If the option exists it will turn it off until you enable the device in the BIOS setup.

Install Touchpad Indicator, we use it on the wife's Lenovo which has no BIOS option to disable the touchpad in the BIOS. You can install from command line.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:atareao/atareao

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install touchpad-indicator

I hope one of these will solve your issue.


Right-clicking on the Unity desktop does nothing - ideas?

It is highly unlikely the N.E. is a real problem.

Ensure that:

/apps/nautilus/preferences/show_desktop

(run gconf-editor)
Is set to true. If it is, also ensure that nautilus is set to launch on login.

How do I use the gconf editor?


How do I remove a file with 2 hypens in the name, like --karmic.list

Use the full path /etc/apt/sources.list.d/--whatever or in the directory ./--whatever, or use rm -- --whatever.


TP-Link TG-3468 Ethernet pci card not working

At first, you could try to find a Bios setting that disable the onboard NIC.If not available, you can disable the system pci device.

Disable a system pci device by the remove command. A file called remove is located in the system pci ressource directory. When it contains 1, the device is disabled

sudo echo 1 > '/sys/dev/pcixxxx:xx/xxxx:xx:xx:x/remove'

# 1 - Find the PCI device ID
$ lspci | grep -i eth
05:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 06)
06:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 0c)
# To find which one have to be disabled, Check 'lshw -C network'
# Want to remove pci 06:00.0

# 2 - Find the system device folder
$ sudo find /sys *06:00.0
/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:06:00.0
/sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:06:00.0
/sys/bus/pci/drivers/xxxx/0000:06:00.0
# the system device dir is /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:06:00.0

# 3 - Remove the pci device : write '1' to the 'remove' file
$ sudo echo 1 > /sys/devices/pci0000\:00/0000\:06\:00.0/remove

# If needed : Update Udev
$ sudo udevadm trigger /sys/devices/pci0000\:00/


Problem with minimizing effect in my Unity on Ubuntu 14.04.1

You can increase minimize time using compizConfig setting manager.

after this:

open compiz from dash by typing ccsm
Under Categories open Effects
then search for Animations and then open Minimize Animation tab. change duration there as shown in image


In Linux when you make a file:

An inode is generated. This is a descriptor that points to data blocks on the disk that also stores information like ownership, permissions, etc.
A hardlink to that inode is created. This is essentially the "filename" and where it sits in the rest of the filesystem.

It can be a confusing concept at first to get your brain around but it's quite simple. Inodes are there as sign posts to the actual data but in order to use any of that you need the hardlinks to show the structure of the filesystem.

This allows you to have multiple hardlinks to one inode, for example, as long as they're both on the same partition.

In Windows (and this may become untrue as Microsoft evolve their filesystems) the inode and hardlink are not separate, they are one and the same. This means when you create the file it just creates this block.

Obvious side effects are that multiple-hardlinks don't exist but it's more than that - you often can't delete a file (which would be just removing the hardlink in Linux) that is locked for opening (which would be handled by inode data in Linux).

But other than that (fairly major) difference, they're quite similar.

Turns out that Since Vista, NTFS works very much like common Linux filesystems. It supports both hard and soft links suggesting they have an inode-like object between data and path.

In short: There isn't much difference these days. On older versions of Windows than Vista, my scrubbed answer above carries.


Wanted to install RPM based software or application?

Just find the deb for that program. There's no reason to use rpm on ubuntu bcz debs are more popular than rpm. And it's unlikely that a linux program provides rpm wihout providing a deb, unless that program is specifically for rpm distros like Fedora ^^.


How to set up mail server (postfix or anything else) on Ubuntu?

Is there a step by step tutorial for a complete beginner?
many , but nowadays you are better off using a solution like MODOBOA  or MAILU in a docker container

Do I need to create a MX record pointing to my server?

to receive mails ?  yes
to send mails ?     no
more important : you need a spf record and preferably a reverse dns ( pointing from sending ip to hostname )

Do I need to create a TXT record? I read that that is how other mail servers validate a sender. If yes, then how to do it?
basically at your dns provider /server , here is a good tutorial

So what do I have to do to send and email from my own server? At this point I don`t even need to receive and email - just send it

setup PF , PTR , add the domain to your mailserver and use the sendmail command you provided ,
if you only want to have "send via external account" functionality (e.g. from your gmail ) ,  use MSMTP and msmtp-mta, so you have the sendmail command and use a "normal" mailbox somwhere else without big config trouble


What Free Ubuntu-Compatible Software Exists for the 3D Visualisation of Biologic Proteins and Peptides?

Check out JMOL. It's open source and Java based - so it will work on Windows, Mac, and Linux. I just spent the last 20 minutes looking a superb model of ATP and a list of other molecules in crosseyed stereographic 3D!


How to uninstall softwares installed with `apt-get`

If you did not follow the second step If your application does not work with openjdk and added the PPA to your system then everything should be ok since you are using the package versions supplied by Ubuntu.

To remove the packages you have just installed do the opposite of what you just did to install them

sudo apt-get remove openjdk-6-jre icedtea-plugin

If you added the PPA to install Oracle's version of java there is no warranty of the quality of those packages. If you want more information on PPAs have a look at

What are PPAs and how do I use them?

For dangers related to adding PPAs to your system you should read also

Are PPA's safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?

There are good news tough. You can remove a PPA from your system and purge any packages that you have installed in your system with a small tool called ppa-purge. Learn how to install and use it by looking in to

Removing a PPA with ppa-purge

If you need a proper way of installing Java in your system without using PPAs and packages created by other people you can choose and follow the instructions of doing so here

How do I install Java?


Why is the trailing linefeed being removed from variables in Bash in most cases?

As documented in man bash under Command Substitution, bold emphasis mine:

  Bash performs the expansion by executing command and replacing the command substitution  with  the  standard output of the command, with any trailing newlines deleted.


Ubuntu stuck on language setting while installation

I fixed this!
When I access to grub menu to choose to install. I select the second option which is the installation then type "E" then add this line nomodeset i915_bpo.nomodeset=1 just before the quiet splash then hit F10.

The computer will then start the installation process without any problem.
This is due to the incompatibility of the Nvidia and the technology provided by Ubuntu, so after the installation, when starting again the computer it will obviously freeze and this because the line of command that we provided before has disappeared, so the user should do the same when starting his computer hitting "E" typing the same thing and while accessing to Ubuntu he should make this parameter permanent by changing on the grub file:

sudo vi /etc/default/grub

Change the line that reads GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" to

If you are using Ubuntu 16.04

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi_backlight=native acpi_osi="

If you are using 18.04 you may need to run this

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi_backlight=vendor acpi_osi="

Finally run this command to apply the changes permanently

sudo update-grub


Nvidia 375; Ubuntu 16.04; Login loop (all existing solutions don't work)

I had the same problem on a Dell XPS 15 9560 with Nvidia GTX 1050 with a fresh install of Ubuntu 16.04.3 tried every possible solution suggestion as linked in you post. Nothink worked.

Finally, I did a fresh install of Linux Mint 18.1, as I wanted to use cinnamon anyway as my main desktop environment (I am using Linux Mint 17 on my previous machine). Interestingly after following normal installation procedure and installing nvidia-375 drivers (via Driver Manager) and rebooting twice (first time for some reason prime-select query indicated an unknown device) everything works as expected including the indicator in the panel and switching between intel and nvidia.

I suspect this is related to Linux Mint 18.1 being build around an older kernel version (4.4.0-89) and the problems could be due to new in the kernel >= 4.8.

So you could check whether trying an older kernel works for you in Ubuntu (for me it did not).  Which release of 16.04 did you install?

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XenialXerus/ReleaseNotes

As Linux Mint 18 is based on the original one Ubuntu 16.04 you could try installing this one.


Run sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade to retrieve the update information.

Try to reconfigure the Packages through

 sudo dpkg --configure -a

And try installing through tasksel, if still then do the above update command and it will resolve .


How to find out the amount of hard drive space consumed by installed programs?

For a particular package:

apt-cache show <packagename> | grep -E '^(.*Size|Version|Package)'

Add or remove fields in the grep string as necessary. Since multiple versions may be present, I added the Version and Package fields as well. Note that the Installed Size field is an estimated value, in KB, whereas the Size field is for the package file and is in bytes.

Example:

apt-cache show blender | grep -E '^(.*Size|Version|Package)'
Package: blender
Version: 2.71~git201406121839.169c95b-0irie1~trusty1
Installed-Size: 140334
Size: 39108640
Package: blender
Installed-Size: 63238
Version: 2.69-4ubuntu2
Size: 18696012

To get a list of installed packages, see How to list all installed packages Essentially:

dpkg --get-selections | grep -v deinstall


Can't restore grub after reinstalling windows

No need to mount the partition.

sudo grub-install /dev/XXX EDIT Since it's a dual boot, XXX should be the first sector, EG: /dev/sda

EDIT 2: Your filesystem might be slightly corrupted. You could try this command (DISCLAIMER! A: Command from here, B: Make a backup!): sudo e2fsck -f -b 32768 -y /dev/xxx1

Source: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RecoveringUbuntuAfterInstallingWindows

Source for where to install: Where should I install grub?


It would at first guess be something that when installed copied the hostname into it's configuration file and is now having problems with the machine renamed.

I would grep -iR oldhostname /etc and see if that gives a clue.

Also, just to check you did actually reboot after changing the hostname? If not then you should if possible do so because running processes initialised with the old hostname. If a reboot isn't feasible you could try reloading affected processes if you can identify them but I've not personally tried that approach.

Finally, atop is a very useful tool for problem identification as it gives a comprehensive overview of the system, cpu, memory, network, drives etc. It often helps to narrow down the affected area and then you use a more specific tool if needed to zoom in on the problem.


Spaces in directories or filenames are the natural enemy of a Linux system but can of course be escaped with due diligence. There are 3 possibilities that you could try:

scp [remote username]@192.168.1.X:"'/media/remote_username/photos 4/file.jpg'" .
scp [remote username]@192.168.1.X:"/media/remote_username/photos\ 4/file.jpg" .
scp [remote username]@192.168.1.X:/media/remote_username/photos\\\ 4/file.jpg .

All should work but some are syntactically easier to understand than others...

References:

How to escape spaces in path during scp copy in linux?


Ubuntu 19.10 on Dell XPS 13 2-in-1 7390 camera problem

From https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Dell/XPS/XPS-13-7390-2-in-1:

  Intel Icelake integrated the IPU 4th Generation Gen IPU with on-die
  MIPI interface, which is not supported by Linux.

Basically the camera doesn't work right now.


Cannot get 'default' Apache VirtualHost to work

Try performing a manual connection using telnet from a terminal window:

telnet localhost 80

If you receive a connection refused message, the daemon is not running or starting up propertly. From there it would be a good idea to inspect your Apache error log (/var/log/apache2/error.log) to find out why.


Grub install failing trying to dual boot on XPS 13 (2015)

I got the Dell XPS 13 (9343 model) from work, and first thing I did was wipe the disk, and install Ubuntu 14.04. I'm running the latest BIOS, A03.

I did alot of tinkering to get the laptop booting. I discovered that the laptop will not work with UEFI booting. You need to disable secureboot, and boot the install media as a legacy device. Then perform a usual installation.

Once you have installed Ubuntu, check what kernels you have available. For me, I had to boot the 3.16.0-30-generic kernel, as the 0.16.0-36-generic booted to a black screen.

You can either edit the grub configs yourself, or choose to install "Grub customizer" (https://launchpad.net/grub-customizer) to fix which version you boot.

Bonus info: I also had trouble with the touchpad (not able to click and hold, and right click was messed up), and letters going missing on the screen. I fixed touchpad by telling synaptics it's a clickpad, and I fixed the missing letters by setting intel to "uxa" accellation mode (slower, but works). Edit/add the xorg.conf file, and put the following in it:

/etc/xorg.conf

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "touchpad"
    Driver "synaptics"
    MatchIsTouchpad "on"
        Option "ClickPad" "true"
EndSection

Section "Device"
   Identifier  "Intel Graphics"
   Driver      "intel"
   Option      "AccelMethod"  "uxa"
EndSection

If you use sleep (ex. lid close/open) then you may encounter that touchpad is not working when the computer wakes up. To fix this add this file to /etc/pm/sleep.d/

20_fix-drivers-after-sleep

case "${1}" in
    resume|thaw)
    modprobe -r i2c_hid
    modprobe i2c_hid
;;
esac

I got most of my help from this helpful blog post and various other sites i cannot recall... http://forthescience.org/blog/2015/03/20/installing_ubuntu_14_04_on_the_new_dell_xps_13/


Graphics Device initialization failed for : es2, sw

I realize this is an old question but I just ran into the same problem with ubuntu 14.04 and trying run thinkorswim. My problem was caused because i was using the 32 bit version of the jre. when I installed the 64 bit version of java the errors disappeared.


Any downside of installing Ubuntu in C drive over full format install?

Starting in 17.04 new installations of Ubuntu use a swap file instead of a swap partition, so everything is installed on a single ext4 partition by default including the /home directory. This makes the most efficient use of valuable disk storage space on SSDs in situations in which Ubuntu is installed on an SSD. In situations where there are multiple hard disks or partitions there are ways listed below of making efficient use of the storage space on the other partition(s) too.

  Suppose Ubuntu ran into some problem, would I be able to retain data in /home directory if I want to install Windows/Ubuntu again?

You can reinstall Ubuntu without losing data in /home even without a separate /home partition. See the following Ubuntu documentation links.

Ubuntu documentation Home Folder wiki
Ubuntu documentation Ubuntu Reinstallation wiki

  Will there be any performance difference if I format all drives and make remaining space as /home over keeping previous Windows drives?

NTFS is not suitable for a home partition, because there are certain type of file system objects (character devices, named pipes, etc.) which are required for certain services but are not supported on NTFS. Quoted from: Using a folder on an ntfs partition as /home

You can use custom folders for folders in /home in order to span your home directory across multiple hard disks.

Example (xdg-user-dirs-update - Update XDG user dir configuration):

 xdg-user-dirs-update --set DOWNLOAD /media/Redman/2nd-HDD/Downloads/

would switch from /home/$USER/Downloads/ to /mediaRedman/2nd-HDD/Downloads/ and downloaded files would then download to the 2nd HDD. The same applies for all the other directories.

  Both the local ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs and global
  /etc/xdg/user-dirs.defaults configuration files use the following
  environmental variable format to point to user directories:
  XDG_DIRNAME_DIR="$HOME/directory_name" An example configuration file
  looks like this (these are all the template directories):

  Results of cat ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs :

XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Desktop"
XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="$HOME/Documents"
XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$HOME/Downloads"
XDG_MUSIC_DIR="$HOME/Music"
XDG_PICTURES_DIR="$HOME/Pictures"
XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR="$HOME/Public"
XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/Templates"
XDG_VIDEOS_DIR="$HOME/Videos"

  As xdg-user-dirs will source the local configuration file to point
  to the appropriate user directories, it is therefore possible to
  specify custom folders. For example, if a custom folder for the
  XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR variable has been named $HOME/Internet in
  ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs any application that uses this variable
  will use this directory.

  What about in case I want to go back to Windows, can I retain /home data?

The Windows installer overwrites the entire partition that it is installed on, and will overwrite GRUB on MBR systems preventing Linux operating systems from booting. For this reason it is recommended to install Windows before installing Ubuntu in a dual boot.


not loading account desktop after logging in know password

At login interface  press Ctrl+Alt+F1.
Log in as your ID and password.
Type:

rm -f .config
rm -f .cache
rm -f .audacity-data
rm -f .gimp-2.8
Ctrl+F7
Log into desktop.
Backup all of your data. Take a new installation. Free your /home at lease 30 Gig or more for virtualbox, multimedia  editor--video, graphic, audio, etc.


Is it possible to keep packages between boots on a Live USB?

Popular distributions have a special thing, called Persistence, it's exactly what you are looking for.

Have a look at https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LiveUsbPendrivePersistent

And to answer your question, live USB simply boots an image, nothing is actually changed inside that image (imagine inserting a CD to boot, it's the same).


WiFi drivers suddenly disappear Ubuntu 18.04

I have found that re-installing the drivers works, for some reasons:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall bcmwl-kernel-source


how make bootable usb flashdrive of Xubuntu to later be burned to a cd

you can download the xubuntu iso from their website. the same CD-image(iso) file can be use to create USB bootable and boot-CD. To make a bootable USB, use the "startup disk creator". to burn the iso as boot-CD, use any burning programs such as xburn or brasearo


I tried the Xonar U7 on Mint 16 (based on Ubuntu 13.10) and it works fine (I haven't tried multi-channel though). Absolutely no noise, the sound is perfect with alsa  k3.11.0-12-generic, alsamixer v1.0.27.1 and pulseaudio 4.0.

On 29th January the alsa-wiki page provided in the first post was updated, and now the Xonar U7 is supported. With the alsamixer is also possible to change the gain setting.

To fix the broken pipe error, add options snd-usb-audio ignore_ctl_error=1 at the end of alsa-base.conf:

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

add options snd-usb-audio ignore_ctl_error=1, save and close.

alsa force-reload

then

alsamixer

press F6 and select "Xonar U7", now you can change the "Speaker Front" value to increase/decrease the headphone output gain.


How do I make Ubuntu select my headset mic as default input automatically?

Why it doesn't work

My system, Kubuntu 19.10 on a Dell XPS 13 9350, detects headphones and sets the correct output automatically.

As fas as I know it doesn't know if the headset has a microphone or not. This is why it only changes the output and not the input.

How to make it work

This is how to automatically switch the microphone on plug/unplug:

acpi_listen is the tool to detect when you plug/unplug the headset. This is what it detects:

jack/headphone HEADPHONE unplug
jack/headphone HEADPHONE plug

pulseaudio is where we can switch source ports

In my system to select headset microphone:

pacmd set-source-port alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo analog-input-headset-mic

To select internal microphone:

pacmd set-source-port alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo analog-input-internal-mic

You can use pacmd list-cards to get a list of sources names and ports names.
You can also use the terminal auto-complete feature to help craft the commands.

Now, let's bring everything together:

Switch to root with sudo su and create the script /etc/acpi/headset-microphone.sh

#!/bin/sh
export PULSE_RUNTIME_PATH="/run/user/1000/pulse/"
if [ "$1" = plug ]; then
  sudo -u you -E pacmd set-source-port alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo analog-input-headset-mic
else
  sudo -u you -E pacmd set-source-port alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo analog-input-internal-mic
fi

be sure to:

change you to your username
replace the pulseaudio source and ports with your values
make the script executable, chmod a+x /etc/acpi/headset-microphone.sh

then create the event listener, creating a file ´/etc/acpi/events/headset-microphone-plug´:

event=jack/headphone HEADPHONE plug
action=/etc/acpi/headset-microphone.sh plug

and the unplug event listener,  creating a file ´/etc/acpi/events/headset-microphone-unplug´:

event=jack/headphone HEADPHONE unplug
action=/etc/acpi/headset-microphone.sh unplug

and, as last thing, restart the acpi listening events service

systemctl restart acpid.service


Windows dual boot installation - will Ubuntu take all the space?

First, The C drive in your Windows 7 is a partition and most likely a primary partition. Your computer may have other partitions, such as the recovery or the systems partition. A computer can have up to 4 primary partitions. If yours came with 4 already, you won't be able create new ones needed for Ubuntu installation without deleting one primary partition. The newer computers with GPT partition table does not have this limitation. Let's say for now, your computer does not have this problem. You should read more about disk partitioning to familiarize yourself with various terms.

Second, During the installation of Ubuntu from a Live CD or USB you will get three choices:

Install side by side with Windows
Replace Windows 7
Something Else

The third choice are for advanced users. The first and second are self explanatory. I think you may want to stick to the first. Read the answers to this question for an overall description: How do I install Ubuntu?.

Third, when you choose the first option you will be able to decide how much space you want to allocate to Ubuntu and how much to retain for Windows. See this questions for some explanations on this choice: Installing Ubuntu with Windows, which is left and right when allocating space?.

When you make that choice, the installer will use the space you allocated and create the two necessary partitions needed for Ubuntu, the / (in ext4 format) and the Linux Swap.

As for how much space you should allocate, that is a different question.

I hope this is helpful.


I found one that works.  You do need to make sure that no other Desktop Icon extensions are enabled.
Go to https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/2087/desktop-icons-ng-ding/ and enable it to show those mounted drive icons on the desktop.

Example showing them enabled:


Where is wine located on a fresh Ubuntu installation?

Wine stores the stuff you do on in it in .wine, a hidden file in your home directory. Inside it is drive_c, which is a sort of virtual version of the Windows C drive, and where Wine installs the exe files.

You can check whether it is installed by running wine --version in terminal, and if it is not installed, you should be able to install Wine from here  .

If you cannot open exe's with it, you may need to edit wine.desktop in /usr/share/applications, and replace the NoDisplay=true line with NoDisplay=false.


Ubuntu uses the Human icon theme for libreoffice, so if you want the sifr icon theme which is the default one used on Mac OS X, you will need to install its package (libreoffice-style-sifr) and then go into Tools > Options > View and set the icon style to sifr.

If you want the tango icon theme, which is libreoffice's default icon theme on windows and linux, you will need to install libreoffice-style-tango.


Being new to Ubuntu/Linux, how does one match a brand new laptop to the appropriate version of Ubuntu?

This is really mostly a matter of taste, and I would advise you to try out and judge for yourself. There simply isn't a unique answer here.

I recommend taking a look at DistroWatch which makes a good job in listing many popular distributions and their differences.

Ubuntu is certainly a good distribution to start with, easily usable by newbies yet as powerful as any Linux for advanced users. But so are many other distributions.

If it's going to be Ubuntu, you should choose between Ubuntu 12.04 (long time support) or Ubuntu 13.10 (the latest release). An LTS version typically has older software without the newest cutting-edge features, but provides a stable experience and you won't have to update for a long time. A non-LTS version such as 13.10 will give you newer software, yet it is only supported for 9 months, so you will have to do an upgrade sometime mid-2014 at the latest.


Characters do not get escaped in HISTTIMEFORMAT

You have got it the other way around: some escape sequences are interpreted in PS1 (cf. the Bash manual, 6.9 Controlling the Prompt). That's special for prompt variables, and other variables do not get the same treatment.
HISTTIMEFORMAT is simply used as input to strftime(2), which doesn't know anything about these escape sequences. So, you need something else to interpret the escape sequences (like echo, in this case).


By default, Ubuntu uses ufw. You are going to be best off using ufw to configure iptables.

If you wish to use iptables directly, you can the use iptable-persistent, but you must save your rules first.

I believe this command will help:

sudo bash -c "iptables-save > /etc/iptables/rules"

You can do this without installing iptables-persistent :

Other examples:

http://bodhizazen.com/Tutorials/iptables#Saving_your_configuration
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IptablesHowTo#Configuration_on_startup


How to get output from upstart jobs when logged in via SSH?

As of 12.04 (Possibly before), by default, upstart will log to a file under /var/log/upstart/ with any output from the job

Current documentation of Upstart (on Cookbook)

You can then tail that file to see all new text that is being written to the file

For example:

tail -f /var/log/upstart/test.log & # tail the output
initctl emit test


No gnome shell after install on ubuntu 12.04 inside VMWare workstation

Your problem is probably with virtual machine. If Gnome3 fails to load, it recovers as Gnome classic (Gnome2) and that's probably what happens for you, first screenshot confirms that.

You can try typing:

gnome-shell --replace

in terminal to see what exactly happens, it probably wont work or if Gnome3 is forced you may experience some graphics issues. Ctrl+C will kill your windows manager and allow you to take a look at some terminal output.

You may not be able to run Gnome3 in virtualized environment, try Googling, but as far as I know it requires 3D support.


Is it necessary to have a /home and /swap partitions in 20.04

/home partition: A separate /home partition has never been necessary. It has always been optional.
The Ubuntu installer has well-considered and quite sane defaults to create a working system for new and/or unskilled users. That default does not create a separate /home partition.
Some folks prefer a separate /home partition, others don't.
/swap partition: Since 18.04, a separate swap partition in most Desktops has been superseded by a swap file within the root partition. A separate swap partition is no longer recommended for most new Desktop users. Swap in a server is a little more complex; swap is recommended for some advanced uses (like non-ext filesystems).
Advice for new users: For your first install, stick to the installer defaults as much as possible. Focus on making your first install successful rather than perfect.  You can always repartition/reinstall a more complex system later -- Ubuntu makes it easy.


How to make the shell aware of the terminal profile

Check whether $COLORFGBG is set, but as far as I recall it is not.

There are escape sequences to query the actual color, try the command xtermcontrol --get-fg but I'm almost sure that these weren't yet supported in Trusty.

If neither of the above worked:

Actually it's not gnome-terminal but the underlying libvte that matters. Install vte3 - 1:0.36.3-1ubuntu1~trusty1 (it's multiple packages, upgrade all that are currently installed) from Gnome3 Staging (https://launchpad.net/~gnome3-team/+archive/gnome3-staging/+packages) and restart gnome-terminal. The xtermcontrol --get-bg command should work now. (You'll get a much newer terminal engine with line rewrapping on resize and other cool features & bugfixes as well.)

(Disclaimer: Make sure that xterm is installed and you can download the files of original vte3 belonging to your distribution, so that you can still restore the system in case anything goes wrong during the update. It won't go wrong, but still, be precautios.)


This probably has to do with "Dead keys".
Go to Menu>System>Preferences>Keyboard click the tab labeled "layout" and try to add a different keybord layout (I have no clue if this helps for a Romanian keybord layout).

Alternatively, try to press space afterwards (instead of pressing the key twice).


Problem upgrading to 14.04 from 13.10. Screen turns on and off

Do you have GRUB installed? Restore then the old version 13.10 and open only a terminal and enter the follow command:

sudo apt-get upgrade

Otherwise, shut down the pc by yourself and put it back on, look what it does then?

To install grub, enter the following in a terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && sudo boot-repair


How to add free unpartitioned space to the main / partition in Ubuntu

If you are asking how to expand sda1 and make use of the unallocated space at the end of the drive then try the following.

Boot the system as @vanadium suggests with a live disk.

Using GParted move sda2 and sda5 to the extreme right.

Using GParted you should then be able to expand sda1 into the unallocated space between sda1 and sda2.


system crashed when installing ubuntu-12.04.3-desktop-i386 using CD

Load the necessary drivers required for CD Rom to run again (using the windows 7/XP that you received with the Notebook) & then try to install it again.

How to Load CD-Rom driver ?

Insert the CD and press F6 (in case of XP) which will load the necessary drivers needed to run the CD-Rom and then try to install Ubuntu again.

I suggest you first live boot the Ubuntu CD and then install it from there (using the icon present on the desktop in live session).


upgradation of scikit image from 0.10 to 0.13

You have two major options:

Use conda/anaconda

Using conda/anaconda might be the easiest way, if you need to work with several python packages.

Use pip install

pip allows you to install a specific package, and also if you like, to choose which version should be installed.

To check which version is already install you should run:

pip search scikit-learn

In my case, the search returned a lot of info, part of it is:

scikit-learn (0.19.0)           - A set of python modules for machine learning and data mining
  INSTALLED: 0.17.1
  LATEST:    0.19.0

You can install the latest version of scikit-learn using the following command:

pip install -U scikit-learn

In order to install a specific version of the package, you can use:

pip install -Iv scikit-learn==0.13

  scikit site official install instructions

  Installing the latest release

  Scikit-learn requires:

Python (>= 2.7 or >= 3.3),
NumPy (>= 1.8.2),
SciPy (>= 0.13.3).

  If you already have a working installation of numpy and scipy, the
  easiest way to install scikit-learn is using pip

pip install -U scikit-learn

  or conda:

conda install scikit-learn

  If you have not installed NumPy or SciPy yet, you can also install
  these using conda or pip. When using pip, please ensure that binary
  wheels are used, and NumPy and SciPy are not recompiled from source,
  which can happen when using particular configurations of operating
  system and hardware (such as Linux on a Raspberry Pi). Building numpy
  and scipy from source can be complex (especially on Windows) and
  requires careful configuration to ensure that they link against an
  optimized implementation of linear algebra routines. Instead, use a
  third-party distribution as described below.

  If you must install scikit-learn and its dependencies with pip, you
  can install it as scikit-learn[alldeps]. The most common use case for
  this is in a requirements.txt file used as part of an automated build
  process for a PaaS application or a Docker image. This option is not
  intended for manual installation from the command line.


Radeon 13.1 legacy driver and xserver 1.13

It is not.

This does exist though:
https://launchpad.net/~makson96/+archive/fglrx

You may want to uninstall your current drivers, upgrade to 12.10, then try that.


How to back up and trasnfer ubuntu data and application?

Most recent up to date information about your promlem can be found on the Ubuntu Wiki

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BackupYourSystem
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BackupYourSystem/TAR
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CategoryBackupRecovery


You can use grep in command line:

grep -Fl -f list *.txt

list is a file containing a list of strings you are looking for, and it will look for them in all .txt files where you have run the command.

or for searching recursively:

grep -Frl --include='*.txt' -f list .

  -f Obtain patterns from FILE, one per line.

Here is an example, I've got three files: "1.txt" "2.txt" and "3.txt".

1.txt:

a
b
c

2.txt:

a
b
c
d

3.txt:

e
f
g

list file contains:

a
d

After running grep -Fl -f list *.txt what is get is:

1.txt
2.txt

-l for showing only the file names.
-f defines a file which contains the list of strings
-F Interpret  PATTERN as a list of fixed strings (instead of regular expressions)


How did I end up with 16.04 LTS but 2.6.32 kernel, and how to fix it?

2.6.32-042stab117.14 is the kernel number for Virtuozzo (OpenVZ).

OpenVZ is a container-based virtualization for Linux. OpenVZ creates multiple secure, isolated Linux containers (otherwise known as VEs or VPSs) on a single physical server enabling better server utilization and ensuring that applications do not conflict. Each container performs and executes exactly like a stand-alone server; a container can be rebooted independently and have root access, users, IP addresses, memory, processes, files, applications, system libraries and configuration files.
OpenVZ is free open source software, available under GNU GPL.

And they also include Ubuntu as a container.
The version numbering is explained here:

New-style versioning
Currently (since 2.6.20) all new OpenVZ kernels has a simple version like 2.6.n-ovzXXX

2.6.n is a vanilla kernel version, e.g. 2.6.20 or 2.6.22, which this OpenVZ kernel is based on;
ovzXXX is the OpenVZ kernel version, e.g. ovz001 for the very first one.

Old-style versioning
Some time ago OpenVZ kernel versions were named like 2.6.n-XXXtestYYY.z and 2.6.n-XXXstabYYY.z.

2.6.n is a vanilla kernel version (i.e. the one from kernel.org) which this OpenVZ kernel is based on.
XXX is a major OpenVZ kernel version number, which usually changes from release to release, or when dramatic changes to the kernel are made.
test series kernels are unstable kernel releases, which are usually under extensive development, while stab series kernels are more or less stable kernel releases which are close to be released or are in production already.
YYY is a minor OpenVZ kernel version number, which changes from build to build, when bugfixes or small feature changes were made.
z is an add-on number; it is used as rpm's Release field and in most cases is set to 1.

This style is kept for some kernels that started before switching to the new versioning.


Sorted out! Resolution Process:

Ecdat is related to Ecfun and both must be present. But I couldn't
add any.
Reading the warnings, I realized that it was required the Rcurl
package and the stringi. In addition to some specific libraries.
At the terminal: sudo apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev
No Rstudio: install.packages (" RCurl ")
If necessary: install.packages (" bitops ")
In the end just activate the packages in Rstudio manager or by command. Example: library (RCurl)

Thanks to @singrium for the help.
Links that helped me in the answer:
https://github.com/gagolews/stringi/issues/302
https://medium.com/@zsadigov/install-rcurl-package-on-rstudio-9f7967f1f863
https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/Ecdat/versions/0.3-4


Try running

apt-get install vsftpd

There shouldn't be a space after the "apt" ...


Try to reinstall Nautilus

Here is how to do it:

sudo apt autoremove nautilus
sudo apt install nautilus


debian package that installs other debian packages

You need to install your package with a package manager who understand dependencies such as apt-get/aptitude or gdebi, dpkg alone cannot do that.

$ gdebi your-pkg.deb


What is the error "dsfont.sty" in beamer?

This file is contained in texlive-fonts-extra package (see search results on packages.ubuntu.com for reference).

So you need to install the package:

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt-get install texlive-fonts-extra


Problem installing phpmyadmin after upgrading to ubuntu 14.04

You can install php7(apt-add-repository ppa:ondrej/php -y and apt-get update
&& apt-get install -y php7.0-common php7.0-cli php7.0-fpm php7.0-curl php7.0-sqlite3 php7.0-json php7.0-tidy php7.0-mysql), this solved my problem. The details has already been posted in another anwser, so I will just link it here: https://askubuntu.com/a/917628/621561


Ubuntu inadvertently starts with login screen + password reset not working

I solved the problem

When I tried to log in as a guest i saw "“Failed To Start Session”. When trying to log in with my username I got the same message. When trying to login with a different password I got something like username or password not correct.

So... the problem was a messed up Undity Desktop.

I restored it with 'sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop'

See this site

Anyway @Lew Rockwell Fan, thanks for your time!


it shows 'Cannot connect: invalid settings.' and ' Connection for controluser as defined in your configuration failed.' message. whats wrong with it?

Try

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 stop

in terminal


Does Ubuntu contain its own picture/video viewer/player?

Yes, Ubuntu comes with the Shotwell photo program and the Totem video player by default.


No Wi-Fi adapter found on Lenovo Yoga L13, Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

Using this linux kernel: Linux 5.0.0-1052-oem-osp1 did it for me.


How to use Remmina or any alternative to connect to windows 7?

To Enable Remote Desktop (RDP) on Win 7:-
Right Click My Computer > Properties
Click Remote Settings
In the Lower "remote Desktop" Pane Click
"allow connections form computers running any version of Remote Desktop"


Dollar Value To Word In LibreOffice Calc

This works with LibreCalc 6.0.3.2 in 18.04 LTS and I have tested it with 6.0.5.2 in 16.04 LTS.

Download the Extension from https://extensions.libreoffice.org/extensions/numbertext-1

Then go to Tools -->  Extension Manager in LibreOffice Calc

Click Add, then choose your downloaded file.

If the extension does not work, check if the package libreoffice-script-provider-python is installed and install it if it is missing.

If you want the text to lower case it would just need to be done like so:

=LOWER(MONEYTEXT(1932.19))

And for upper case it would be relatively the same:

=UPPER(MONEYTEXT(1932.19))

Hope this helps!


How can two files on a CD-ROM have the same inode number yet have a link count of 1?

Let's make a plain ISO9660 filesystem:

mkdir cd
echo 'hello world' > cd/foo
echo '42' > cd/bar
genisoimage -o cd.iso cd

Mount, examine, and unmount it:

gnome-disk-image-mounter cd.iso
ls -li /media/user/CDROM
 1474 -r--------  1 user  user     3 Jul 18 19:38 bar
 1475 -r--------  1 user  user    12 Jul 18 19:38 foo
umount cd.iso

Now open the image in a hex editor, and replace FOO.;1 with BAR.;1.  If it's helpful, the inode numbers on my system are really the offset of the directory entry into the ISO image / 32, i.e. look at around python -c 'print hex(inode*32)'.

ISO9660, like FAT, doesn't have inodes, but Linux pretends it does.  All information is stored directly in the directory, and as each variable length entry is at a minimum more than 32 bytes, this guarantees all 'inodes' are unique.

Now remount it and look again:

gnome-disk-image-mounter cd.iso
ls -li /media/user/CDROM
 1474 -r--------  1 user  user     3 Jul 18 19:38 bar
 1474 -r--------  1 user  user     3 Jul 18 19:38 bar
umount cd.iso

Notice the 'inode' numbers and file sizes.  Both files are still there in the image, but the duplicate filename confuses Linux, causing it to list the first file twice.  The second file is completely inaccessible now anyway.


The symptoms you describe sound very much as if the new memory you installed isn't being recognized.

As a hardware question, this is slightly off topic here, but you don't know it's a hardware question when you start.  If BIOS/UEFI settings doesn't recognize the RAM, or (without restarting) it doesn't show with sudo dmidecode -t memory (thanks, @ByteCommander), it may mean the new module didn't seat as it should.

Running through the installation process again (watch for a never-used memory slot being stiffer than one that's had a module in it for a while) is likely to fix you up.


How can I enable High Fidelity Playback (A2DP Sink) for my Bluetooth Headset?

You need to make sure PulseAudio believes your device is connected - even if you think it is.

Run the command bluetoothctl and look at the devices connected. I have 2:

[NEW] Controller 00:1A:7D:DA:71:11 Hairy16 [default]
[NEW] Device E8:07:BF:12:FA:4A AUSDOM AH861
[NEW] Device 90:B9:31:77:B7:78 Tim's iPhone

type the command connect <ADDR>, where <ADDR> is the 12 letter address of your device - e.g. E8:07:BF:12:FA:4A. You should see the following:

[bluetooth]# connect E8:07:BF:12:FA:4A
Attempting to connect to E8:07:BF:12:FA:4A
Connection successful
[DEVICE NAME]#

Then you can change the profile successfully.


DNS issues only on Ubuntu - but not on my iPad

I think this bug is the problem. And solution #38 is the answer. Thanks to @ubfan1

sudo rm -f /etc/resolv.conf
sudo ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
sudo nano /etc/systemd/resolved.conf
# then added the google nameservers to my file, adding this line.
nameserver 8.8.8.8


Please, allow me to redirect you to here, as this issue is addressed in this question (it's a bug with quickly, NOT your app. Or you don't have libglib2 installed)


Update Manager Failed to connect to https://changelogs.ubuntu.com/meta-release-lts-development

I upgraded from 16 to 20 and the system did not restart.

I do not recommend doing this upgrade. It is best to make a backup and install from scratch.

I will show you how to mount a pendrive for installation:

Download the ISO from the website: https://ubuntu.com/download/desktop

Place the USB stick on the machine and identify, open the bash terminal:
Put the pendrive on the machine and the command

df -h

For example, I see at the end the line:
/dev/sdc1 336M 336M 0 100% /media/user/Debian 10.4.0 amd64 n

This is my flash drive on /dev/sdc yours can be /dev/sda-b-c-or-n

After making sure what your device is, give the command:

dd if=/home/Chase/Downloads/ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso of=/dev/sdc

After press Enter Wait until it finishes, this process will take time, all files will be copied to the flash drive, it may take about 10 minutes, wait.
When the prompt returns, just give the command

sync

Restart your machine with a boot on the flash drive and enjoy!


help. not letting me type password and task bar gone

I had the same thing happen to me, try hovering your mouse at the top bar whilst typing.

(I don't have a permanent fix yet, but I have too little reputation to comment.)


I've got a Radeon R5 graphics card - what drivers do I need?

You need to install proprietary drivers. Take a look at the following site :
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/AMD


Is it possible to obtain a public share link with the original name of the file?

While Ubuntu One itself doesn't provide this service, there is a 3rd party site, called u1.to which can.


GDM3 How to set backing store options with Xorg

You could create /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-backing-store.conf with following content:
Section "Device"
  Option "BackingStore" "on"
EndSection

(from this answer)


How can I put games on a USB stick for a LAN party?

Just go here and download the .deb files.


What is equivalent of windows' hosts file?

In Ubuntu it is /etc/hosts. You can edit the file as same in other OSes.


Files and folders became read only, cannot back up data

i had the exact same problem, but in windows, all what i have done is disk check and it did the trick, you can always do disk check in ubuntu by entering the recovery mode and choosing disk check, if this dosn't work, i suggest you to backup your drive cause it might be a faulty or file system is corrupted, in this case i suggest you to backup your data and run ubuntu from live cd and use gparted to re partition your disk


As "mikewhatever" said, it's because of permissions or, if you prefer, groups. Meaning that:

To solve your problem you'll need to add the username used for SSH to this command: sudo usermod -a -G sudo username.
Then just change the "username" to the actual username and input root password when asked for it (root password, or rather just the password for your account that already has permissions to execute sudo).


Try this on terminal

sudo apt-get install ttf-ancient-fonts

I have find this helpful for Nepali Fonts. Hope it works for you.


Font corrupted on Discord after upgrading to 18.04

It appears to be an issue with libfreetype6 2.8.1. IT has been reported that downgrading to 2.8.0 fixes the issue, but I'd rather avoid messing with core system libraries and just wait for a fix.

Temporary workaround is to open the Chrome inspector in the Discord app with CTRL + SHIFT + I and run in the console document.getElementById("app-mount").style["transform"] = "scaleX(1.0000001)"

This has to be done every time Discord is started.


How install apps into ubuntu phone (Meizu pro 5) without connection to internet (by USB)?

The simple answer is that you can't.  Apps for the phone are in click packages.  The only simple way to install them is from the Ubuntu Store on your phone using a WiFi or a mobile data connection.

You can install click packages, if you have them, using USB (see Having generated a webapp with the generator, how do I test my click on the device?) but there is no publicly available place you can get them from.


Ubuntu won't play videos on either browser or native client

This issue has been solved by installing VLC.

Some libraries required for playing videos encoded with proprietary codecs were likely missing.

See this chat: http://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/201/conversation/fix-for-videos-not-playing


How to customize the grub menu:

Download/Install the grub-customizer latest version.

Or Install via terminal:

This PPA contains the latest release of Grub Customizer.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

Among the Grub Customizer features are:

Edit the menu entries (reorder, rename, add or remove entries)
Edit the contents of menu entries or create new ones (internally it edits the 40_custom)
Change the default boot entry
Change menu visibility and timeout
Disable recovery entries
Change GRUB resolution, menu colors or background image
GRUB repair & configuration using a Live CD
Advanced options like booting an ISO, changing kernel parameters and lots more

After installation launch 'Grub Customizer' from Dash and as you see in screenshot you will see this window(I unexpanded "Advanced options for Ubuntu")

Then lets Start to answer the How to questions.

How to rename entries:

If you want to rename menu entries, under "List configuration" tab, first select the entry and right-click on it and select "Rename" from context menu. Then type new name and hit enter.

Now we renamed both "Ubuntu > Lubuntu 14.04.1" and "Windows Boot Manager (on /dev/sda1) to just "Windows 8.1".

How to change order of entries:

To reordering menu entries, do like above, first select entry and right-click on it and select "Move up/Move down" from context menu to move the entry to up/down. (Also you can use Up/Down arrow from tool-bar  )

Now after renaming and reordering the entries we will have this list.

Now last question: How to make an entry as a default:

After changing order of the menu entries, First entry will be as default entry. In this case your Windows 8.1 will be default OS if you moved it to up and it's the first entry of the list. Or you can use "General settings" tab and select your "Windows 8.1" from default entry list box. see the screenshot:

That's it. After you finished changes press "Save" (the icon under main menu) to save the changes.


I have this exact same issue with drivers: it's a well known Linux kernel problem with Realtek ethernet adapters, see here and here. I'm guessing you installed the r8168 driver from Realtek by hand on top of the r8169 driver that comes with the Linux kernel. Note that these numbers are not version numbers, but product names. Some people say the r8168 driver from Realtek works better than the r8169 driver from the Linux kernel.

If I'm right, then you're installing a kernel module on top of the drivers installed by the linux-image-* package from apt. When you upgrade that script it rebuilds your kernel modules and doesn't know to re-install your custom driver. The problem isn't the driver so much as the whole kernel.

You could try pinning linux-image so that apt doesn't ever upgrade it, but then you lose kernel upgrades. Alternately you can reinstall the Realtek driver by hand after every kernel upgrade by re-running autorun.sh from the r8168 code. A third option, one of the links above has a solution that recommends blacklisting the r8169 module that comes with the kernel. However that may leave you with a kernel with no driver for your ethernet, I don't know enough about modules and ramdisks to advise you safely.


Ubuntu 17.10 NVIDIA GeForce 7025 Legacy Drivers problem 304.137

I had a similar problem, trying to get Nvidia Optimus to work after upgrading to 17.10. I tried a lot of what you did before switching from low latency to generic headers, which completely bricked my system.

The only way I got it working was reformatting the hard drive and doing a clean install of 17.10. For whatever reason upgrading from an earlier version seems to cause problems.

Obviously you'll want to save your data first if you go that route.


Having multiple  in  isn't supported and may not works as expected

Until a fix has been issued, you can try installing LibreOffice from a PPA or downloading and installing the "community-provided" (original) version from libreoffice.org.


Seagate Expansion Portable drive 2 TB Can I run Ubuntu on it like NextCloud Box

If I understood your question correctly than you would like to run Ubuntu with apache, PHP, MySQL and nextcloud in your network.

Such a system is already a full blown server and not a simple extension drive. I would get a small size PC or laptop and install Ubuntu with the requested services. Alternatively you can try the same with a Rasberry Pie or Banana Pie server.


Everything appears to be fine with your file system. You haven't got any of the fsck error messages, it completed the scan successfully. This issue should be related to git alone. Check my comment at StackOverflow.


Maybe this or this?
They seems to parse shellbags.
EDIT:

Maybe this?


is the hp business notebook 8510p adequate to run Ubuntu?

Your laptop meets the Ubuntu minimum hardware requirements, so it will run office tasks at acceptable speed. Problems may arise with DVD and TV support - those activities depends on GPU also, which is probably very weak in your case. It does not mean, that watching movies will be impossible, but stuttering may occur.

You can try one of the lightweight Ubuntu versions like Xbuntu or Lubuntu, but from my experience, they are slightly less user-friendly than default Gnome version, and don't not make significant difference in the performance.


copy-package is good for this, but the correct modern invocation would be:

./copy-package --from=~myname/ubuntu/myppa --from-suite=trusty --to=~myname/ubuntu/myppa --to-suite=utopic -b -y packagename

(As saiarcot895 correctly noted, you needed to separate --ppa and --ppa-name, but this was always very confusing which was among the reasons we added the unified --from and --to options for specifying archives.  Also, you neglected to include the package name, which was probably why you got no output; more recent versions of copy-package check for this.)


Rocketchat-server proces running on my Ubuntu 20.04 server?? (NEVER INSTALLED)

SOMEONE installed rocketchat-server on your system via snaps.  Likely the same with the other ones as well, which means that if YOU didn't do it another sysadmin of your box did (and if there's no other admins on your machine, then you can assume the system is compromised)
You can purge these with sudo snap remove rocketchat-server nextcloud sabnzbd
I would then suggest you start a heavy audit of your system and assume it's been compromised.  Get any data you want off the system (so you can restore it later), then nuke the system and reinstall cleanly and harden the server before restoring your data.
Start with these hardening steps:

DO NOT allow PasswordAuthentication on SSH ports
Set up a firewall to block access to ports from the outside
ONLY use SSH key authentication to SSH into your system
Set up fail2ban
DO NOT give any users sudo permissions if there's multiple users on the system.


Synching iphone with banshee/rhythmbox ubuntu 14.04

You can use ifuse to mount your iphone in ubuntu.

Install it by typing following command in terminal :

sudo apt-get install ifuse

It is a FUSE filesystem driver which uses libiphone to connect to iPhone
and iPod Touch devices without needing to "jailbreak" them.


I just got this problem, seemingly out of the blue. Turns out I may be related to a problem I already reported about fonts not loading in the Chromium Snap.
I found the following workaround :
# first close all instances of chromium
sudo rm /var/cache/fontconfig/*
rm ~/.cache/fontconfig/*
sudo fc-cache -r -v
rm -rf ~/snap/chromium/common/.cache/fontconfig/
chromium-browser

This set of commands is a workaround for a problem I already reported here :
[chromium] File chooser is not displaying font


Updated 12.04 and now Xorg is dead from NVidia drivers

The only way to get the 304 version of the driver is to download it from Nvidia's website, and then do a manual install. Now, the options are: 1.reinstall the 304 driver, or 2.remove it and use the one provided by Ubuntu.

1) To remove everything Nvidia related from the repositories, run

sudo apt-get purge nvidia* && sudo apt-get autoremove

... then run the manual installer you've downloaded from Nvidia.

2) To uninstall the manually installed driver, use the downloaded installer to run

sudo sh NVIDIA* --uninstall

...then

sudo apt-get purge nvidia* && sudo apt-get autoremove

...then reboot, and if you get the GUI, use the Additional Drivers utility. If not, run

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current


Try Downloading Unetbootin and use that to create your USB. (Format it before doing so)


How to change shutdown/Suspend/ off the main panel in Ubuntu MATE 16.04

There's a much simpler way to achieve a logout button in Ubuntu Mate.

Simply Right click the main panel and select add to panel. Type log in the box and select Logout. This will add a logout button to the panel.

If you so desire you can remove the shutdown button by right clicking it and choosing remove from panel.


SED command to replace / alone in a line

You just escape the /

sed 's/\//;/' file

Add -i to modify the file in place

sed -i 's/\//;/' file

Or use a different separator as in comment by Muru


How to install Lubuntu Desktop Environment and ONLY the desktop environment?

You can also use

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends lubuntu-desktop

Which will install the Lubuntu desktop without all the recommended applications, though things that rely on these applications will not work.

I think a better way to do it would be to install all of lubuntu-desktop with:

sudo apt-get install lubuntu-desktop

and then use the Lubuntu Software Center to remove applications you aren't going to use.  You can then remove lubuntu-software-center with:

sudo apt-get remove lubuntu-software-center

The only difference between this approach and Ringtail's is installing lxde will give you the generic LXDE desktop, while installing lubuntu-desktop will give you more of an Ubuntu specific LXDE, with custom wallpapers for example.


Ubuntu Code of Conduct updated – should I?

Do note that I'm adding this as a half-answer, because I can't fit this into a comment as a close reason. >.<
As of right now, it is not, repeat not finalized.
Even then, any answer that this question might receive would be the following:
Sign on your conscience.
Basically, what that boils down to is this:
Read it yourself. Figure out if you agree with it. If you do, sign it. Otherwise, don't.
That's all I have to say.


Spell Checker not working in Libre Office 6.0

I had exact same issue and the default settings did not work for me. This worked for me. Even hunspell or myspell, as suggested by resplin, didn't work.

However adding this extension to Libre Office worked like charm:
https://extensions.libreoffice.org/extensions/english-dictionaries/

You'll need to go to Tools > Extension Manager > Add > {upload extension file}. Restart.


This is a known bug in the current version of Chrome.


You can review this output with cat /var/log/boot.log in a terminal window (Ctrl-Alt-T) - or /var/log/kern.log, depending on your version.

Green OKs are of course OK. Bad signs would be red 'Failed'. If you don't want to see these boot activities, you can add 'quiet' to the boot options.


Installing Nvidia drivers in Ubuntu 18.04, I am getting "nvidia: command not found" but I have installed everything needed

smi is not a command; the command you're looking for is nvidia-smi.


Ubuntu 16:10 Black borders around windows and a blacked out terminal with no background : ANSWERED :

If anyone gets this problem in the future this is what worked for me

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Mir/Installing

what you have to do is to install MIR


How to reset the admin password on Ubuntu 12.04 if the username has a space

As far as I know, there is no way to have a username with a space, you are probably taking about the display name. Have a look of the real username from cat /etc/passwd.


I cannot determine what video driver I am using

It looks like there's no driver used. The *-display section is marked as UNCLAIMED, in short meaning "I couldn't find a fitting driver for this". There can be multiple *-display sections, for example if the machine has multiple graphic cards. Maybe you're looking at the wrong one?


It turns out that the file ~/.Xauthority for the problematic user had changed owership, and was owned by root.

sudo chown user:user ~/.Xauthority changed the ownership back to the original user. After that, I could log in without a problem.


what's the main difference between Docker and Snap?

You might find Mark Shuttleworth's talk "Why we need a different container purely for apps" at Container Camp relevant to your question. He talks generally about VMs, containers and Docker at the start, continuing on to snaps and how they fit in about nine minutes in. Here's my summary:

Different types of containers look the same but are used for different purposes.
Containers don't really exist at the kernel level. Different sorts of illusions are possible. Independently we can create illusions about what users, network, disk and processes a container sees.
Different types of containers are really about different classes of the illusions that are created.
Snaps are:

Immutable, but still part of the base system.
Integrated in terms of network, so share the system IP address, unlike Docker, where each container gets its own IP address.
In other words, Docker gives us a thing there. Snaps gives us a thing here. For example, on a desktop, a snap provides an app right on it.
A snap can't pollute the rest of the system. It's in its own box. But it can still see (read-only) the rest of the system, which allows it to talk and integrate with the system.

You asked about different use cases compared to Docker. Here's one that snaps can do, but Docker cannot: desktop apps. Third parties can ship desktop apps using snaps, and users can easily install and update them. A Docker container can't (easily) interact with the user graphically on the screen, load documents from the user's home directory, or provide video conferencing via the user's webcam. Snaps can (once given permission).

You might ask how this is better than using PPAs. But in comparison to Docker, that's like asking how Docker is better than installing dependencies on a system by hand. It's better, but exactly how would probably be best answered in a separate, non-Docker-specific question.


How do I fix a greyed-out dual monitor on a machine with NVidia graphics?

Open the NVIDIA X Server Settings application. This was installed with your NVidia proprietary drivers.
Navigate to the "X Server Display Configuration" screen.
In the "Display" tab, select the greyed-out monitor with the "Model" selector.
Set the "Configuration" option of that monitor to "TwinView" mode.
Restart your computer.


how to install and run bootstrap on bluefish?

I have just downloaded and extracted the bootstrap zip file and extracted it into a test website and certainly this is all that is required to run the files with Bluefish:

You will have to link the css, scripts and fonts into your project manually though...


For your configuration I think a Wubi install would be the best.

Pros: you don't need any partition making, you don't need any resize, you can safely remove from windows
Cons: 2-3% slower than bare metal install (you would not notice)

If you are on windows, and insert a live cd/usb it will autorun, and give you the option to install ubuntu inside windows.


Pull all of your files from both systems (just move them into a new folder) out of UbuntuOne's view, restart it, then re add the files. It seems like it's confused on what it has properly synched and what it has not.


Operating system not found after shut down

Its probably due to improper boot order.

Get to BIOS, find the boot order menu
Give top priority to your harddisk. Optionally, disable all other bootable media listed there.

This should fix your problem. If it doesnt, come back to BIOS again to see if the boot order remains exactly the same as you saved previously. If not, then you may be screwed.


PHP in html prints code instead of executing

The code was not an issue,

Just tried re-installing php as Ubuntu has moved to 7(even though I had 7)

1> sudo apt-get install apache2 php libapache2-mod-php

This seemed to work for me !

The link below helped .
PHP script not executing on Apache server

Thank you all for your help. @Cyber_star "

I just ran the php code in my webserver and it worked so it has to do somthing with your webserver "

I followed your lead via this comment !
Thanks again!


How to make drag and drop work running Oracle VM VirtualBox

Drag and Drop is disabled by default.

It can be enabled once the VM is running at Devices > Drag and Drop.

Chose bidirectional or the option that best suits your needs (bidirectional, Host to Guest, Guest to Host).


Failed to download repository information. Check your internet connection.

I just had this problem. My server was Australia - I changed it to the main server in Software Manager and it was fixed.


How can I fix the date formats which have gone wrong in 18.04 when setting first day of the week?

I managed to fix it.

After doing  locale | grep LC_TIME

it showed the answer
LC_TIME=C.UTF-8

previously it had been

LC_TIME=en_GB.UTF-8

In the C locale file, it had US settings, so I copied en_GB over it, and after doing sudo locale-gen and logging out and logging in again, it was all back to how it should be.


How can I install Windows 8 as a dual boot over an existing Ubuntu installation

This is what I did to install Windows 8.1 next to Ubuntu 13.04, I assume your configuration would work the same way:

Create a partition for Windows
Boot the installer
Choose the partition previously dedicated to Windows
Follow the Windows installer
After installing Windows, repair the GRUB bootloader. Whatever method you use, make sure you used the same Ubuntu disk as you originally used, both in version and in architecture!


I solved the issue by moving the following folder to a backup:

~/.config/google-chrome/PepperFlash moved to ~/.config/google-chrome/PepperFlash.bak

After that kill all processes of Chrome (also the background ones for offline gmail and so on).

It works now for me. Must have to do something with the new rule that you have to enable plugins per page/site before they run maybe?


If your widget is using the C++ then you could write a C++ plugin to handle the execution of the commands: Run system commands from QML App

If your widget is a QML only then you could use the PlasmaCore. An example plasma widget: https://store.kde.org/p/1166510/


How do I add icons to change view type in Nautilus?

The re-designed new nautilus (for complying with Gnome 3) has removed the toolbar feature from nautilus. So, there isn't anyway to add them except doing modification in nautilus code or with some patch.

But, there are nice shortcuts for those icons:

Ctrl+1 for Icon view
Ctrl+2 for List View
Ctrl+3 for Details view

Hope this will help


I figured it out, I had installed node package earlier sometime, due to which it was conflicting. So you just need to remove the old node package then sudo apt-get install nodejs then install phonegap via npm and you're ready to go. And you need to have your android development tools in your $PATH variable so that phonegap can trigger them properly.


meaning of "'" (apostrophe) in terminal commands

The ' character  is a very powerful character whenever used in any shell command. Basically the ' (apostrophe marks) disables all kinds of transformations or modifications. It would consider whatever is enclosed with the ' marks as a single entity i.e. a single parameter. Absolutely no sort of substitution or expansion would take place.

Example:

 $ echo '$HOME'

would produce at the output the string $HOME itself and would not print the path to your home directory. Since the single quotes prevents any sort of expansion, substitution and simple considers whatever to be present as a simple parameter in itself.

If you want to use the apostrophe as it is, you have to escape it:

 $ mkdir foo\'bar

 $ cd foo\'bar

If it is not escaped, it will wait for it's pair to be closed, like it happened in your first example.

So, corrected, your command will be:

 $ export foo\'bar=1

NOTE:
As Milan Todorovic noticed, this will not be valid, because you cannot use apostrophe in this case.