I installed Ubuntu 12.04 on my Lenovo x220 then upgraded to Ubuntu 12.10 blank screen

I don't know how to fix your issue, if it were me, I'd do a clean install. I suggest never "upgrading" to newer releases. Always just save your data to storage device and do a clean install of the new release, you'll have better luck that way. This is just an observation based on personal experience. And personally, I only go from LTS version to LTS version, I no longer do the in-between versions. I'm running 12.04 on this machine until the next LTS version comes out.


New kernel installed but loaded older kernel

I am guessing you pressed the down arrow and selected advanced options where you can select which kernel you want to run.

If you have already done that you can uninstall your other kernels although this could be risky if your new kernel doesn't actually work.

You can look at the system log and see if it had any errors.  Usually if the kernel doesn't load then it won't boot, but worth checking I suppose.

Usually grub selects the newest kernel(version number) and puts that at the top of the list.  Let me know what advanced option says and how it is listing the kernels because it is possible it didn't install as well.


pkg-config is telling you that it cannot find a file named dbus-glib-1.pc so if you already installed dbus-glib-1-2, that means that you'll have to tell pkg-config where it is via the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable.  You can try the following:

Start by opening a terminal (CTRL+ALT+T) and typing the command

locate dbus-glib-1.pc

It should tell you where that file is.  On mine it says /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig/dbus-glib-1.pc  Next type export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig:$PKG_CONFIG_PATH (or whatever path your locate command output was) making sure to leave off /dbus-glib-1.pc from the end of the locate output.  pkg-config should now be able to find dbus-glib.

If the locate command doesn't output anything, then dbus-glib is not installed and you'll have to install it using the command sudo apt-get install libdbus-glib-1-2.  Depending on which version of Ubuntu you're running, you might have to type apt-cache search dbus-glib-1 and then sudo apt-get install a different version than 1-2.  Be sure to avoid the packages that have -dbg , -dev , or -doc at the end of the title.  Those aren't the ones you want.

Good luck.


If you can access the internet from your MAAS server with the two NICs, and also enabled IP forwarding and NAT, you only need to make sure the MAAS cluster controller manages DNS and DHCP for its intranet NIC, and you set the "Router IP" to the same value as the NIC's IP. This will set all nodes' default gateway to that IP in they should be able to access the internet. You can use the MAAS web UI to edit the cluster controller settings.


Is it possible to get the first click on an inactive window to not register?

Okay so no one has answered yet. I would really like someone to, but in the meantime, I have a "workaround". If you hold Alt while clicking on a window, it won't register the click. This is normally used for "dragging" the window, so while you're holding Alt, all windows will be draggable from anywhere, not just the titlebar. If you just click, it will bring the window into focus, but it won't actually click in the window. Hope this helps someone.


How do I recover Windows 7 on my Grub menu, Ubuntu 14.04

Get the latest release of the boot-repair cd here and burn it to disk, boot off of it and then follow the instructions here.

Recommended Repair will usually do the trick. I've rarely had to use the advanced options.

Further information is available on this page.


The text for the agetty login is located in /etc/issue. Change the text to your needs and then restart all getty services with:

$ sudo systemctl restart getty.target


How can I get GRUB to take a different OS as the default one?

Everything in your grub config looks good except the very first line: GRUB_DEFAULT=14.  Do you really have 15 boot options in your Grub menu?

Your Grub timeout settings are correct if you want the menu to appear for about 1 second.  Your comment about Grub taking 19 seconds is a bit strange... I would wager that perhaps Grub gets confused by the fact that there is no item 15 on your menu, takes a long time to decide what to do, and automatically picks the first option.

In any case, look for the OS you want to boot on the menu and its position.  Then change the incorrect line.  Keep in mind that 0 refers to the first item, 1 refers to the second item, etc.

Remember to update grub after you make the change: sudo update-grub


Shell script in ~/bin working, but command not found

The ~/bin directory is added to your PATH by the following lines in ~/.profile:

if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH"
fi

This tests whether the directory exists and adds it, but ~/.profile is only run on login – thus, if you just create ~/bin it is not added to your path before the next login/reboot. You can add it manually by running:

export PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH"


How to clear history in Gedit? (Ubuntu 18.04)

Edited:

In Terminal, type "dconf-editor" to start Configuration Editor. If it is not installed install by

sudo apt install dconf-editor

To delete search history: Navigate to

  org > gnome > gedit > preferences > ui

change max-recent from 5 to 0.


Have you updated everything using update manager? Also try this eHow article, also.


There is an option for this problem. I just share my same experience. check your server's routing. Maybe there is a bad route or some default gateway have been cause this problem.

I have the same problem on my CenOS server and try to connect it from Ubuntu. I found the server has 2 default gateway, when i remove the second one, the problem solved.


Can't access localhost from Android device for test API

I found the solution. I use ipv6 with this command:

python manage.py runserver [::]:8000


Paste the following command into a terminal and select the desired splash image by typing its number:

sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth

I guess /lib/plymouth/themes/ubuntu-logo/ubuntu-logo-scale-2.plymouth is the default.


How to install a package in recovery mode?

If you need to install package in recovery mode, you can first ask for repairing packages (it will mount / in rw mode as suggested by enzotib) and then, when you use the root terminal, you will be able to install new packages and avoid the error you mentioned.


How to give permissions to www-data to log in with ssh?

There are three things to do to allow a 'service user' like www-data to login via ssh.

Set a password for www-data

sudo passwd www-data

Define a shell for www-data. You can do this using chsh or by editing /etc/passwd. Replace /usr/sbin/nologin or similar by /bin/bash on the line of the user.
Give permission for login via ssh, edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config and add the following line (do not forget to enumerate all the users that need ssh access)

AllowUsers www-data


How to fix virtualbox's copy and paste to host-machine?

If your guest OS is ubuntu then running following two commands in ubuntu terminal should help:

$ killall VBoxClient
$ VBoxClient-all


Add the following line to your /etc/apt/sources.list file. It doesn't matter where exactly, but end of the file is ok.

deb http://stat.ethz.ch/CRAN/bin/linux/ubuntu trusty/ #enabled-manually

If you insist on doing this in a terminal, do the following:

sudo su
echo "deb http://stat.ethz.ch/CRAN/bin/linux/ubuntu trusty/ #enabled-manually" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
exit

This will launch a super user session, and append the line to the sources.list file, after which we exit from the super user session.

Then, per the R installation instructions, one must add the public key of Michael Rutter to secure apt. Execute the following in a terminal:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys E084DAB9

Then simply do sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install r-base r-base-dev.

Happy R-ing!


Will ubuntu and games like dota 2 and league of legends work on my computer?

DOTA2 RECOMMENDED HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

CPU: Intel Core 2 Duo 2.4GHz
RAM: 2 GB
VID: DX9 Compatible + Shader Model 3 (Which is an Nvidia 7600 or ATI X1600 or better)
HDD: 3GB Free Space. With 256MB you should be fine.
SOUND: The BEST 2 Speaker Stereo System that comes in a Cereal Box
(Which means whatever you have)

LEAGUE OF LEGENDES (LOL) RECOMMENDED HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

CPU: 2 GHz CPU
RAM: 1GB
HDD: 1.5GB
VID: Any video card that supports Shader Model 2.0+, which mean an Nvidia GeForce 5 Series and above or an Ati 9000 series and above. With 256MB Video memory you should be fine.
SOUND: A SUPER sound system that can play an 128 Bit MP3 song and not die out while trying (Which is to say, anything you have will play good).

As you can see, you can actually play both games with little effort. I have tested them in a Core 2 Duo 2.8Ghz and the both play excellent. LOL has an already existing way of playing it in Linux and it runs the same way as in Windows. Dota2 as seen in this wine app review shows that it runs perfect. Although the review is not for Ubuntu, I already did the test and it runs perfect.

Just in case you need to make sure you have the correct Wine version installed. Just install the PPA for it as seen here http://www.winehq.org/download/ubuntu byt Scott Ritchie:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wine1.5


use the -r parameter.

 -r      Recursively copy entire directories.  Note that scp follows sym‐
         bolic links encountered in the tree traversal.


Removing old Linux versions on GRUB 2 via Synaptic Package Manager

Try to uninstall the old kernels from ubuntu-tweak, is safer and easier.

(sorry the photo is in Greek)

Or read this information if want to do it manually.
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1195275


GStreamer is a streaming media framework that enables applications to
  share a common set of plugins for things like video decoding and
  encoding, audio encoding and decoding, audio and video filters, audio
  visualisation, Web streaming and anything else that streams in
  real-time or otherwise.Linux From Scratch

To see if you have it,  just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

gst-inspect-1.0 fakesrc

If not, do this for Ubuntu 13.10, and older

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gstreamer-developers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gstreamer1.0*

and for 14.04

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ddalex/gstreamer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gstreamer1.0*

Or visit Here


How to get more info while installing an application?

You can use

apt show <package_name>

to get the information regarding a package, including packages that this package depends on and also its description.

For example, do

apt show geany

to get information regarding geany

For more information, refer to the manual page of apt.


Why is my machine unable to mount my SMB drives ("CIFS VFS: Error connecting to socket. Aborting operation", return code -115)?

I found that switching off IPv6 solved a very similar problem for me. My Ubuntu 12.04 box is hooked up to an enterprise network dominated by Windows users and I don't have any authority over the server. Following the tutorial at
   http://www.noobslab.com/2012/05/disable-ipv6-if-your-internet-is.html
solved my problem. (Save a click: Edit /etc/sysctl.conf to insert three lines of the form "net.ipv6.conf.*.disable_ipv6 = 1", replacing * with "all", "lo", and "default"; then give the shell command "sudo sysctl -p".)


Unbinding mouse buttons in Ubuntu 16.04LTS

I think this will help.

 Step 1

Go to this link
How to configure extra buttons in Logitech Mouse

 Step 2

Follow guide.
Profit.


Ubuntu 14.04.2 kernel version changed after recompiling

The short answer is that the kernel version didn't change for your compile, it was changed for the official Ubuntu version. Longer answer below.

Official Ubuntu kernels have special version numbers.
You can look up the version number mapping here, and your particular line is copied below:

3.16.0-60.80~14.04.1    Ubuntu-lts-3.16.0-60.80_14.04.1 3.16.7-ckt22

See here for an explanation of the naming convention, also copied below:

What does a specific Ubuntu kernel version number mean?

The official version of an Ubuntu kernel tells you a number of things,
including the base upstream version, the current Ubuntu ABI identifier
and the kernel flavour. (See How can we determine the version of the
running kernel? to find your current version number.)

Given a version like 2.6.35-6.9-generic this can be broken into four
parts as below:

    <base kernel version>-<ABI number>.<upload number>-<flavour>

The base kernel version represents the mainline version on which the
Ubuntu kernel is based. The ABI number represents significant changes
in the kernel Application Binary Interface. The upload number is a
monotonically increasing counter for each upload of this base version.
The flavour indicates which kernel configuration variant this is (See
What is a Kernel Flavour?).


"Temporary failure in name resolution" after updating to 20.10

In a desktop installation, networking is properly controlled by Network Manager; in a server by netplan. The file /etc/network/interfaces is deprecated. Therefore, I suggest that you revert the file to its default:
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
# Include files from /etc/network/interfaces.d:
source-directory /etc/network/interfaces.d

Next, your /etc/resolv.conf file is currently a link to the wrong place. Let's fix it:
sudo rm /etc/resolv.conf
sudo ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf  /etc/resolv.conf

Reboot and tell us if there is any improvement.


OpenSSH server: Other version running than installed

1) Backup you config file

2) Remove via apt openssh-server

3) Reboot

4) Run apt update

5) Run apt-get autoremove

6) Reinstall openssh-server. (for Ubuntu 18.04 the versiòn is 1:7.6)


How can I view iOS10 files (pictures) in Ubuntu 16.04?

This is a reported bug (see here)

There is a current work around that requires rebuilding the libimobiledevice/ifuse package bundle.

If you don't know how/don't want to do that you could wait until the package maintainers commit the patch. It's currently unassigned so no visibility on that.

If that's frustrating, the issue is Apple keeps changing things so the libimobiledevice devs have a fast moving target. Unless it becomes a priority for an enterprise somewhere it won't get 'realtime' fixes. They'll get there eventually. In the meantime you have the workaround.


How can I recover files that have dissapeared?

If NTFS & RAW, you want to get to this screen:
https://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/TestDisk_Step_By_Step#NTFS_Boot_sector_recovery
select [Advanced] instead of [Analyze] and select [BackupBS]
[HowTo] Repair the bootsector of a Windows partition  - YannBuntu
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootSectorFix
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1926510
If files were written into partition, then Windows scan tools or photorec may work. Windows tools may be better as they can get full file name. Photorec only recovers by type with file extension. If photos you can often can rename with info from within the photo. You have to use another drive, the backup drive you should have already had?
http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/PhotoRec_Step_By_Step


Installing the / partitioning on the SSD instead of on the HDD will give much better performance and stability, but your partitioning scheme is too complicated and there's not enough space in / . At least 25GB is recommended for / and you'll probably need more than that. We can discuss the exact amount of / that is required. All you need is / and optionally swap and /home, but in new installations of Ubuntu 17.04 and later a swap file is created instead of a swap partition, so you don't need a swap partition either.
The more information that you provide, the more specific the recommendation can be. Let's start with a general recommendation. SSDs are rugged and durable so read and write cycles is not the most important issue. Disk space on an SSD is expensive compared to disk space on an HDD so it's important to conserve valuable space on the SSD by not cluttering it with unnecessary partitions.


Keystone hasn't been officially added to the juju charm store. You can look here:

http://jujucharms.com/

I went ahead and opened a bug to get the charm into the store, as it actually has been written and in existence for quite a while.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/charms/+bug/998241

You can use the one suggested there with

juju deploy cs:~charmers/precise/keystone


Gradle finds wrong JAVA_HOME even though it's correctly set ubuntu 13.10

This sort of question was also answered on Stack Overflow.  Turns out that there is an export in /usr/bin/gradle that probably shouldn't be there.

One solution is to comment out that export line.  Another solution is to use a PPA that has a different/newer Gradle.


Difference between ~/folder and /home/username/folder when creating a path in /etc/environment

In the shell, ~/project/ is expanded to /home/yourusername/project in most circumstances. This is called tilde expansion.

If you put

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:~/project/

(note, without the quotes) in ~/.profile. Your PATH will be set correctly, because ~/.profile is interpreted by a shell when you log in. /etc/environment (and it's user-specific ~/.pam_environment) is not interpreted by a shell. It is read by the pam_env module during login, but it only accepts NAME=VALUE pairs and no expansions (like $var or ~/ or $(command) etc.) will be done on the VALUE.


When you install the packages via apt-get, it installs whatever version was packaged.  Not the latest upstream version.

To get pip's form of twine, you have to first remove twine that was installed by the repositories, and then use pip/pip3 to install.

sudo apt-get remove twine
sudo pip3 install twine

If the second command says pip3: not found then try using just pip instead of pip3.

This should then install the version from the PyPi repositories.  You may have to close and reopen your terminal session to get the 'new' version of Twine picked up.  (This is, assuming, that the pip version of Twine puts a binary into a location in your PATH environment variable; if it is not then this will require additional work to get working the same way as the packaged version of twine.)


How can i install ubuntu on my ntfs hdd without formatting?

You cannot install Linux on NTFS as NTFS does not support UNIX user/group file permissions. You can try to use gparted on the Ubuntu CD to resize the partition, but you run the risk of losing data. I think you should buy a 1TB portable USB3 hard drive. They often sell for around $70-100 on Newegg/Amazon.


Whats the difference between Ubuntu 11.10 and Ubuntu 11.10 Server Version?

Yes, there is a big difference. Ubuntu Desktop (what I presume you're referring to as just "Ubuntu") is designed for everyday use on a standard desktop (or laptop) computer. It will have all the usual things you would expect from an operating system (office suite, browser, file manager, mouse, shiny graphics).

Ubuntu Server, on the other hand, is designed for servers. Because one rarely actually sits at the physical server, there is no graphical support included by default (ie. command line only). It will also be optimized for server support in other ways.


Which processor family should I choose when compiling the kernel for an Intel i3/i5/i7 family CPU?

If the kernel is for use on this processor only, you can choose Core 2/newer Xeon
For the widest compatibility (portability), it's best to stick to the default Pentium Pro (i386) or Generic x86_64 (amd64) architectures.


Ubuntu needs about 2 GB of RAM to function properly. Use the free -h command to check how much RAM you have. If it is less than 2 GB, there's your problem.
It may also be an issue with the CPU. Ubuntu should have at least a 2 GHz dual core processor to run properly. Use cat /proc/cpuinfo to check your CPU information.
If it only happens while you are online, you probably have a faulty internet connection.
If you have plenty of RAM, a good processor, and a great internet connection, I don't know what to tell you.


My best advice to you is to actually use s-nail for this purpose which requires a lot less fussing around than the various versions of mailx / bsd-mailx / heirloom-mailx etc etc available under Ubuntu. In particular s-nail can send directly to external SMTP servers (such as Gmail) without the added complexity of applications such as Postfix.
s-nail can be installed as follows:
sudo apt-get install s-nail

You then need to create a configuration file and set permissions appropriately:
touch ~/.mailrc
chmod 0600 ~/.mailrc

Open this file with you favourite text editor and paste the following information into it. Note the sections that I have mostly marked with 'xxxxx' where you will need to add your own details (usually username and password):
#--------------------------------------------#
# Setting mailx version v14.9.15 for gmail   #
#--------------------------------------------#

# Testing syntax:
# echo "Testing, Testing, Testing" | s-nail -s "My test..." xxxx@gmail.com

# Use v15.0 compatibility mode
set v15-compat

# See the whole process, especially for troubleshooting:
set verbose

# Essential setting: select allowed character sets
set sendcharsets=utf-8,iso-8859-1
# and reply in the same charset used by sender:
set reply-in-same-charset

# Default directory where we act in (relative to $HOME)
set folder=mail

# My actual address obfuscated here:
set from="xxxxxxxx@gmail.com"

# Request strict TLL transport layer security checks
set tls-verify=strict
set tls-ca-file=/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
set tls-ca-no-defaults
set smtp-use-starttls
set smtp-auth=login

# When sending messages, wait until the Mail-Transfer-Agent finishes.
# Only like this you will be able to see errors reported through the
# exit status of the MTA (including the built-in SMTP one)!
set sendwait

# And of course put your own gmail username and
# password here in the obvious places:

set mta=smtps://username:password@smtp.gmail.com:465
#--------------------------------------------#

I have set this up on my Ubuntu 20.04 system and it works flawlessly. See below where I have run the suggested test email (note I have munged the test email address):
andrew@ithaca:~$ echo "Testing, Testing, Testing" | s-nail -s "My test..." xxxxx@gmail.com
s-nail: P(seudo)R(andom)N(umber)G(enerator): *TLS RAND_*
s-nail: Resolving host smtp.gmail.com:465 ... done
s-nail: Connecting to 74.125.130.108:465 ...  connected.
s-nail:  Certificate depth 2
s-nail:   subject = /OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R2/O=GlobalSign/CN=GlobalSign
s-nail:   notBefore = Dec 15 08:00:00 2006 GMT
s-nail:   notAfter = Dec 15 08:00:00 2021 GMT
s-nail:   issuer = /OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R2/O=GlobalSign/CN=GlobalSign
s-nail:  Certificate depth 1
s-nail:   subject = /C=US/O=Google Trust Services/CN=GTS CA 1O1
s-nail:   notBefore = Jun 15 00:00:42 2017 GMT
s-nail:   notAfter = Dec 15 00:00:42 2021 GMT
s-nail:   issuer = /OU=GlobalSign Root CA - R2/O=GlobalSign/CN=GlobalSign
s-nail:  Certificate depth 0
s-nail:   subject = /C=US/ST=California/L=Mountain View/O=Google LLC/CN=smtp.gmail.com
s-nail:   notBefore = Nov  3 07:37:59 2020 GMT
s-nail:   notAfter = Jan 26 07:37:59 2021 GMT
s-nail:   issuer = /C=US/O=Google Trust Services/CN=GTS CA 1O1
s-nail: Comparing subject_alt_name: need<smtp.gmail.com> is<smtp.gmail.com>
s-nail: TLS certificate ok
s-nail: TLS BLAKE2s256 fingerprint: 0C:F8:DA:33:CE:15:EA:7F:F6:8B:28:C1:95:33:A0:1D:01:B7:F3:D8:E2:7B:29:42:70:D6:4B:6A:6D:16:8A:CF
s-nail: TLS connection using TLSv1.3 / TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
andrew@ithaca:~$

Hopefully this will work on your Ubuntu 20.04 system as well!
Notes:

Less secure..: You will need to allow 'less secure' apps access gmail for s-nail to access gmail successfully: https://myaccount.google.com/lesssecureapps
Symlinks: Most Linux distros will actually symlink s-nail to mailx so the command mailx will call s-nail but this does not appear to be the case under Ubuntu 20.04. Doubtless this could be done manually...


Popup dialogs transparent instead of showing any content

I have sometimes had a situation like this happen to me. Along with an equally irritating black dialog version.

I found a solution in the answer to this question: 13.10 - Black borders, black terminal

Which was to restart unity. Pop open a terminal window and:

setsid unity

After things settle down, most dialog issues generally seem to have sorted themselves out.


Simply Use:

sudo apt-get install php-**extenation name here**

Then you must restart Apache Service, Use:

sudo service apache2 restart


This happened to me also and was fixed by adding nomodeset to the boot options. After that I installed the GPU drivers and it booted properly from the next time.


How can I change the two figure behavior with my MacBook Pro (6,2)'s trackpad?

Have you checked the mouse settings under system preferences? On my MacBook Air I have some settings there. I'm using the Synaptics driver. If there are no extra settings under the mouse and touchpad bit then you can try the following providing synaptics is installed:

synclient TapButton3=2 ClickFinger3=2 PalmDetect=1

Let me know how it goes :)


This might seem a little strange, but I had this crashing problem today with a new, clean install on 16.04 & it stopped happening when I didn't bother to maximise the window. Audacity always seems to open un-maximised, I usually maximise it straight away. This time I didn't. No Problems.

Not relevant to the original question but may be of interest: this also cured the clicking & stuttering I was suffering during playback.


You have several options to get FFmpeg, but I am not familiar with OBS so I'm not sure what its exact requirements are.

Download

The simplest method is to download a static build of the ffmpeg binary. If OBS only wants the binary this could work. If it needs the libraries you will need to compile or use a PPA.

You may have to place the binary somewhere in your $PATH for OBS to recognize it, or perhaps manually tell OBS where it is.

PPA

mc4man provides recent ffmpeg binaries via his PPA: Ubuntu Multimedia for Trusty. I believe this provides support for libfdk_aac (an execellent AAC audio encoder) while the static build I mentioned previously does not. Libraries are not included.

Jon Severinsson's FFmpeg PPA provides older FFmpeg branches to be compatible with dependencies in the repository.

Compile

Step-by-step, non-intrusive compilation instructions are available at FFmpeg Wiki: Compile FFmpeg on Ubuntu. The guide "installs" within your home directory so it does not interfere with the system; binaries into ~/bin and libraries and other stuff into ~/ffmpeg_build.

Required Version

OBS may require a certain version or release of FFmpeg if it is not compatible with the current git master of FFmpeg. If this is the case you can compile any version you need. Follow the compile guide, but after cloning the repository with git clone run git tag to list branch versions, then git checkout <tag name>. To go back to the master branch run git checkout master.

The Return of the King

FFmpeg will be back in Ubuntu in 15.04.


Why don't I need to install any Drivers for Ubuntu

For the most part, you don't need to install additional drivers. Almost all available drivers are included.

Ubuntu comes with many drivers out-of-the-box. You may need to install drivers only if some of your hardware is not working properly or not being detected. Some drivers for graphic cards and wireless adapters can be downloaded.

The easy way to find out if any drivers are needed is to choose to Try Ubuntu from the installation screen first to see if you need any drivers and to see if Ubuntu is working with your hardware.


From Terminal you can use the poweroff command to perform a soft shutdown, rather than the more destructive hard shutdown you've used by holding down the power button.  Close all of your programs and windows, then run this from Terminal:

sudo poweroff now

You'll need to enter your password, and should see the machine softly shutdown.


You may press Alt+F1  to open Activities as an alternative. (Source)


I just realised I had this problem after reading this post.

I followed this page to update my kernel, which fixed the problem:
https://github.com/GM-Script-Writer-62850/Ubuntu-Mainline-Kernel-Updater#readme

As for the kernel update not fixing the problem in your case, be sure you've checked all the possibilities like for example that the volume is not muted. Also you could try creating a new user account and loggin in with that, too see if the problem is localised to bad settings in your user profile.

If you haven't actually checked that the kernel has been updated, open a terminal and type uname -r.
I'm using kernel 3.9.0-030900-generic.

If that doesn't work, then reinstalling 13.04 fresh and installing the new kernel, would be the final step to ensure that all other possibilities are ruled out.


Intermittent wireless connection in Ubuntu but not in Windows

If you are using either 12.04 or 12.10, the problem appears to have been solved about a week ago by updating the system. I too had the same problem, it was fixed by updating. So do the following:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

After that reboot and you should be done. Of course, all of this assuming you have not yet done this and have 12.04/12.10.


Where can I find and download ath10k-dkms_1.1_all.deb?

I uploaded the 1.0 version of mentioned file for you onto zippyshare, but
chances are high that it won't work (because of not being compatible with your kernel version).

You can download and try it from here:
http://www57.zippyshare.com/v/ZKRSkjlY/file.html

I had same problems like you and tdeb package didn't help (it didn't compile). I finally solved it -with the help of ppl from https://bugs.launchpad.net/hwe-next/+bug/1383184- by copying the firmware files from https://github.com/kvalo/ath10k-firmware to /lib/firmware
( cp -r QCA6174/ /lib/firmware/QCA6174)


What's the difference between GNOME Remix and GNOME Shell?

Ubuntu GNOME Remix is the Ubuntu base with Gnome Shell on top (instead of Unity).


NVidia Graphics Card Issue. GeForce 820M

Open a terminal and execute :

lspci -k | grep -EA2 'VGA|3D'

Output shows something like :

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06)
Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 3501
Kernel driver in use: i915

01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM107M [GeForce GTX 860M] (rev a2)
Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 3501
Kernel driver in use: nvidia

Now you can see all the graphics drivers currently being in use.

In case it does not show Kernel driver in use: nvidia ...

Install the NVIDIA drivers and Optimus support - execute :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

Update adressing your response that you have issues with the drivers :

Step 1 : Uninstall every NVIDIA related software that is currently installed.

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On the login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1
Enter user name and password - execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Step 2 : Install the latest official NVIDIA drivers that support NVIDIA 820M.

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On the login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1
Enter user name and password - execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-361 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot


Failed to login even to terminal somehow enter is pressed

I solved this issue by pressing  and   and praying to select other option to boot. I succeed and ffter it select 440-142-generic kernel and boot with it

I set
GRUB_DEFAULT='Advanced options for Ubuntu>Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-140-generic'
in /etc/default/grub file
update-grub
reboot


Printer Canon Pixma iP 4500 not printing - stoping at page processing

You could try this two answers:

First one I would try is this: https://superuser.com/a/155950/221323

  According to CUPS documentation, the standard config places
  cache files in /var/spool/cups/cache and print jobs in
  /var/spool/cups.  I'd imagine the best strategy is either of the following:

  Clear it with specific CUPS commands.  Unfortunately there's not a builtin command to clear the cache; only enabling/disabling specific
  print queues and removing specific print jobs seem to be
  available.Use lpq (to view the queues), lprm, and
  cancel, or the web interface, to view current jobs and remove
  them.  cancel -a should cancel all jobs on all queues.If
  your system is hosed by defined printers and queues, deleting those
  objects may help.  Use lpadmin or the web interface to manage
  defined printers.
  Clear it manually, by:

  stopping CUPS (eg, sudo service cups stop),
  removing files manually, and
  restarting CUPS (eg, sudo service cups start).

  This long thread suggests that /var/spool/cups contains
  completed print jobs while /var/spool/cups/tmp contains in-progress
  jobs. One post to that thread suggests running sudo rm -r
  /var/spool/cups in step 2.2 above.  Steps 2.1 and 2.3 show Ubuntu
  commands for stopping and starting services; other OS's will vary.

  If you really need to delete cache files in /var/cache/cups, you
  will probably need to use the manual method.

And the second one is this: https://askubuntu.com/a/303604/153260

  Well, I posted it as a comment, but I will post it as a answer.

  Maybe deleting the printer will reset the stack and solve the error.

  My computer system is in Spanish, but the icons are very clear to do the steps

  Go to System Configuration -> Printers
  Delete the printer that is having the error
  Unplug the printer an plug it again to configure it as a new printer
  Try to print


log files with .log extension is getting downloaded instead of opening in the browser with nginx server

You need to adjust NGINX configuration and specify the one MIME type that will cause the browser to display .log files, that is text/plain in this case:

Open /etc/nginx/nginx.conf and add the types directive:

http {
...
    types {
        text/plain log;
    }
...
}

Then reload NGINX configuration by running:

service nginx reload


How can I browse view missing manpages from the command line?

You can just give lynx the search url with the man page you want. In the search results use the lynx l command to list the returned links and choose the one you want. Eg for ls.1:

lynx 'http://manpages.ubuntu.com/cgi-bin/search.py?lr=lang_en&q=ls.1'


Try a another network manager tool. I also had a problem with my WiFi on my PC.

I installed wicd network manager instead of network-manager-gnome.
Go to Ubuntu Software Center, search for "network manager" and you will find wicd.


What Amazon EC2 machine state does a stop hook in juju correspond to?

juju destroy-service should call the service's stop hook, but doesn't.  It's a bug https://bugs.launchpad.net/juju/+bug/872264
The state that the corresponding machine is left in is provider-specific... for EC2, the machine is cleaned up (remove charm) and set to be re-used by juju for another service or service unit.  As such, the EC2 state of running is not changed.  For LXC, destroy-service removes the associated container entirely (without calling stop first!).


Ubuntu 20.04 upgrade is not running after restart - suspect power failure during upgrade

I had the same issue. Solved it this way:

Created a Bootable USB using my windows partition/another computer
Booted the computer via the USB
Logged into the root of the computer via the terminal after booting via USB.
Updated "systemd" (apt get systemd)
Rebooted the computer and was able to login to the main OS in the computer and carry out updates which were broken/not complete.


BCM 4313 lost connection on Ubuntu 13.04

If you have not installed any other drivers but the sta driver this should get your wireless working. In 13.04 the brcmsmac driver finally started working better with this device then the sta driver.

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source

sudo modprobe brcmsmac


How can I run a single C source code on code:block or in geany?

I assume there is terminal emulator widget in your geany (which is suggested by geany package). Click on it (In lower-left corner) and first navigate to folder in which is your source file:

cd Path/To/Source

To compile file YourSourceFile.c type:

gcc YourSourceFile.c -o ProgramName

To run the program type:

./ProgramName


Where is the unlock full access in filemanager on Aquaris Ubuntutouch?

You need to enable Developer Mode first in order to see this menu entry.

To enable Developer Mode:

System Settings
About this phone
Developer mode (last point on this page)


I just followed this and it worked fine http://support.tweetdeck.com/entries/181425-how-to-install-air-tweetdeck-in-linux-ubuntu-variants


As @Rinzwind suggested in his comment, moving the hard drive between machines will work, and sounds like your best option.  The only issue you might run into is that the name of your network interface may change (from eth0 to eth1, for example).

This change in network interface naming is caused by udev detecting an adapter with a different MAC address, and so giving it the next available name to allow you to have a persistent name-to-hardware mapping.

Udev keeps this configuration in /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules.  You can modify the name given to a MAC address there, or you can remove the un-commented lines and let udev re-learn the settings.  Either way you should reboot once you've changed the configuration settings.

I would recommend letting udev regenerate the file because that way it will definitely be done right.


Added wireless printer for Canon MG8150 no print is produced

I now succeeded in connecting the printer with correct driver by downloading the driver from canon home page http://software.canon-europe.com/. From there I selected the driver for PIXMA MG8150 and downloaded the file *MG8100series-printer_driver.tar*.

I extracted the folder cnijfilter-mg8100series-3.40-1-deb. In the folder I run the install.sh script and follow the instructions from there and now it works.


Always loopback into loginscreen: How do I fix it? (Ubuntu 18.04, gdm3)

It could happen because of:

Drivers have been screwed up
User config files have been screwed up
Ubuntu desktop config files or packages have been screwed up
Newer kernel has a bug or doesn't support some drivers modules
Some hardware issue exists

To eliminate the issue you could try:

Drivers reinstalling
Create new user and check if it works
Purging ubuntu-desktop using sudo apt purge ubuntu-desktop && sudo apt purge *-gnome-*
Loading from older kernel or install older kernel and boot with it
Try to replace graphics card if it is possible and check with it

If you use Intel graphics drivers, it claims:

  As the only industry-certified fully open source graphics driver,
  Intel's graphics drivers are already integrated into all popular Linux
  distributions, which means you’ll get the latest advancements without
  ever needing to install a separate driver. We develop this driver in
  collaboration with a community of developers around the industry based
  on standard specifications from the Khronos Industry Consortium*. Our
  operating system (OS) partners seamlessly integrate the driver into
  their OS in a way that every system with Intel graphics can display
  every detail, every shadow, and every animation in vivid 3D.


Unable to read source lists in Ubuntu 18.04

The red warning dot disappeared and I can run updates and install things since I ran the code properly, the same code that caused the problem when I input it wrong.


How to disconnect specific ssh client from ssh server in linux?

This is answered here: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/615/how-do-you-kick-a-benign-user-off-your-system/622#622
A copy of the steps:
There's probably an easier way, but I do this:

See who's logged into your machine -- use who or w:
 > who
 mmrozek  tty1         Aug 17 10:03
 mmrozek  pts/3        Aug 17 10:09 (:pts/2:S.0)

Look up the process ID of the shell their TTY is connected to:
 > ps t
 PID   TTY      STAT   TIME COMMAND
 30737 pts/3    Ss     0:00 zsh

Laugh at their impending disconnection (this step is optional, but encouraged)
 > echo "HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA" | write mmrozek pts/3

Kill the corresponding process:
 > kill -9 30737

I just discovered you can combine steps 1 and 2 by giving who the -u flag; the PID is the number off to the right:
> who -u
mmrozek  tty1         Aug 17 10:03 09:01        9250
mmrozek  pts/18       Aug 17 10:09 01:46       19467 (:pts/2:S.0)


This is located in your .bashrc:

alias ll='ls -al'

By taking a look at the manual pages for the command ls, you can see what those two attributes accomplish together:

-a: do not ignore entries starting with ..
-l: use a long listing format.

So you can understand that ls -l would ignore any entry starting with .. That's their only difference.

EDIT:

Let me note, that, as commented, the ll alias differs from installation to installation. In case you are wondering what's yours, please open up a terminal and enter:

alias ll

This will show you how ll is set. You can then look up the additional attributes by typing:

man ls


No desktop appears after logging in using XDMCP

I created this file /etc/lightm/lightdm.conf:

[SeatDefaults]
xserver-allow-tcp=true
xserver-share=true
xdmcp-port=177
greeter-show-remote-login=true

[XDMCPServer]
enabled=true
port=177

Then I installed gnome-session-flashback because Unity doesn't work in the XDMCP client.


How do I install Linux over Windows in the C drive without affecting other drives?

Linux as it's more secure and reliable

That's a fallacy. Windows can be as secure as any other operating system but it requires effort. Out of the box Linux is more secure but depending on the skills of the admin it can too be a security nightmare.

  I want to know how I can install Linux on only the C drive without affecting the other Windows drives where I have my data.

Windows -> VirtualBox -> Linux. But that is not going to help with your 1st statement: "Linux [is] more secure and reliable". You then still use Windows. If that Windows is not secured neither is the software installed in that Windows.

You can opt for the dual boot method where you have 2 operating systems and pick the one to start when starting your system. That means creating empty space in your Windows system. It also has a risk of deleting data you do no want deleted: at the installer you need to pick the empty space or it will erase the whole disk.

  Should I format all the drives and then install Linux?

You can but ...

  without affecting other drives?

is going to be impossible.

Your 1st step is to make a backup and verify you can restore your backup. All your important data needs to be on an external medium that can not be affected by your current machine anyways; otherwise you can not call the data "important". With a backup whatever you do to your software on your system it can be restored.

The minimum steps to guarantee you can still use your data:

Backup personal files
Install Linux as only operating system. This will delete everything on your system.
Restore the files from the backup to your "Documents", "Downloads", "Pictures"  directories in Linux.

I would advice against it though. You can not comfortably learn Linux this way. You should start with a dual boot or a virtual system. Where the virtual method is probably the best option since you can do this without messing with the partitions of the current system.


Shell script not opening as desktop application

To make sure the script is looking for the executable in the right directory, you could change the call to

wine "$(realpath "$(dirname "$0")")/wow.exe" -opengl

This will insert the absolute path of the script (and thus the exe) into the call. It would work without the quotes for paths that don't contain whitespace, but I recommend to keep them in case you move the directory.


By default, the package with the highest version number is installed, regardless of which repository it comes from, unless its version number is lower than the currently installed version of the package (this can happen, for example, if you downloaded a higher version as a .deb package and installed it manually). In the very unlikely case that several repositories have the same (highest) version of a package, the package is installed from the one which appears first in the sources.list file.

You can change this, however, by assigning a different priority to some packages based on various criteria. The previous paragraph is true with the default settings because by default all packages have priority 500. If different versions of the package have different priorities, however, the version with the highest priority will be installed, and version numbers will only be used as tie-breakers if several versions have the same (highest) priority. Also, if the highest-priority package has priority at least 1000, it will be installed even if its version is lower than the version currently installed.

Priorities are managed in /etc/apt/preferences and documented in man apt_preferences. See my answer here for an example of how they can be used.


Do keyboard shortcuts used in Windows work in Ubuntu?

Ctrl+C, Ctrl+X, Ctrl+V is working right out of the box when installing Ubuntu. The majority of the other shortcuts such as Windows WinKey+E (open file browser), WinKey+D (show desktop) and other can be setup in several ways, of which I suggest the usage of Compiz Config Settings Manager in which you'll find the "Commands" Plugin, inside of which you can define your desired commands and their respective key bindings.

Several other useful tools and system configurations can be reached on this site by running a search.

If you have need to define a more specific key bindings to certain task don't hesitate to let us know.

Welcome to AskUbuntu. :) BTW

Good luck!

P.S. Compiz Config Settings Manager must be installed in order to be used. This can be easily installed via the Ubuntu Software Center.


Ubuntu 16.04 'Suspend when inactive for...' and 'Turn screen off when inactive for...' doesn't work when on battery power

The latest Linux kernel update (linux-image-4.13.0-26 and a dozen or so more packages) received on 2018-01-10 fixed my problem.
Since that updated both 'Suspend when inactive for' and 'Turn screen off when inactive for' work when system is on battery power!


skypeforlinux 8.13.0.2 (still) fails to start on ubuntu 14.04 LTS

I had same issue today morning, after upgrading skype it was not loading I was seeing white screen only.

So, Actually your command in question did the trick with little bit of extra efforts.

What I did is :

sudo apt-get purge skypeforlinux
sudo apt-get install skypeforlinux=8.11.0.4

Purge will purge all skype data also, so after installing specific down version, it will work.


Type in terminal:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

Hope it works!


How to set python 3 as default interpreter in Ubuntu 14.04

There would be multiple ways of doing this. First, change the sym-links around so that the python in /usr/bin/ would actually be pointing to the same location as the /usr/bin/python3 sym-link. However, this is a bad idea (as I explain below).
The second option would be to create a user-specific command alias - this is definitel the better option of the two.

Changing Sym-links is bad
Python is used throughout much of Ubuntu for system scripts and software, and software relies on having Python (and the commands to start Python) in a certain spot.
See here (Ubuntu Wiki - rather outdated) and here (Debian Wiki) for more information as to what Ubuntu/Debian use Python for.
Now, while Python 3 (3.4.0 in your case) is the newest and the suggested version of Python, there's still a lot of code still out there that hasn't been ported to Python 3.
By default, as you've seen, running python runs the Python 2.7 interpreter - and that's what the software on your computer is going to expect.
So, if you change the command to run Python 3, you're going to cause all sorts of havoc and code breakage because you'll be trying to run Python 2.7 code (which is written in Python 2.7 syntax and uses Python 2.7 libraries) using the Python 3.4 interpreter (which expects Python 3.4 syntax and Python 3.4 libraries.)

Safer, alias-creating method
However, what you can do, is create an alias for your personal use. This can be accomplished easily by adding the following line:
alias python=python3

or
alias python=/usr/bin/python3

/in the ~/.bash_aliases file - which you can edit via sudo nano ~/.bash_aliases. Then, close and reopen the terminal and you should be able to use the python command for your own personal use without it affecting the rest of the system.
However, this, again, isn't suggested because although you won't break any of the system-wide code that relies on proper placement of Python interpreters, I've heard it can cause other issues (that I don't know/remember.)

Proper method that doesn't require changing the Python interpreter at all
If you're writing syntax-correct Python, you should include what is known as a Shebang. (See also here, and here.)
If included properly, this would allow you to run a Python script simply via ./SCRIPT-NAME.py after making the script executable via sudo chmod +x ./SCRIPT-NAME.py. You could also totally forgo having the .py file type and just type the code into an empty file and save it as SCRIPT-NAME and then run sudo chmod +x ./SCRIPT-NAME and run it via ./SCRIPT-NAME.
Granted, this does take a bit more work - but it will make sure that your code is executed using the correct interpreter.
And, really. How hard is it to type python3 to run the code correctly? I'm not trying to be mean, and I can kinda see why you would want to do this, but it isn't that hard just to run python3 instead of python.


Touchscreen calibration fails on Ubuntu 20.04 / PixelBook

I implemented two changes, either or both of which did the trick.
First, I followed the advice in the solution to Trouble with xinput_calibrator on a Toughbook CF-19 and did
sudo apt install xserver-xorg-input-evdev
sudo apt remove xserver-xorg-input-libinput

Second, I tried xinput_calibrator --device X for each of the device ID numbers 'X' listed in my original question, above, until the calibration seemed better.  I finally found a value that worked, and by that point (perhaps because of the evdev/libindput changes above?) the identification of the device seemed more secure, and the text recommended for 99-calibration.conf was different.  I replaced my initial contents of that file with the lines below, and now the touchscreen seems well-calibrated:
Section "InputClass"
    Identifier  "calibration"
    MatchProduct    "WCOM50C1:00 2D1F:5143"
    Option  "Calibration"   "41 25961 496 16806"
    Option  "SwapAxes"  "0"
EndSection


Docker build "Sending build context to Docker daemon 10.62GB" why so big?

The build context that is being sent to the Docker daemon is all the files/folders that are in the current directory that you specified in the command sudo docker build .

In your current directory, try to only have the files/folders necessary for building your image. This would include your Dockerfile, and any required files/folders you are porting into your Docker image.

You can also create a .dockerignore file to specify the files/folders you would want Docker to ignore when building.


I was having the exact same issue on my 1 day old Lenovo G510.  At first the webcam was detected and working fine.  One time it stopped working; I rebooted and it was fine again.
Then a few hours later it stopped again and rebooting did nothing. I got the identical results as you from lsusb - the webcam is not listed.
This morning I tried plugging in an old USB webcam and as soon as I did, the integrated webcam was recognized and work with all apps.  I had plugged the USB cam into the USB 2 port on the right side near the power. Here is my current lsusb results:

Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:8000 Intel Corp.

Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:8008 Intel Corp.

Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub

Bus 003 Device 005: ID 0bda:0129 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTS5129 Card Reader Controller

Bus 003 Device 004: ID 0cf3:3004 Atheros Communications, Inc.

Bus 003 Device 003: ID 04f2:b3bb Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd

Bus 003 Device 002: ID 04fc:05da Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd

Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

The Sunplus is a wireless mouse.  The Chicony is the webcam, but notice also the Atheros which seems to be the bluetooth. Both of these are missing in the lsusb you posted and were missing in mine as well. I had my bluetooth turned off, but at some point in this process is was turned on again - not sure how or when.

I would turn your bluetooth on/off and plug some USB devices in - see what happens cause it worked for me.  If anyone has insight as to why the above worked I'd love to hear.


use Ctrl + Alt + F1  for  text user interface

and When you want to back Unity GUI then use Ctrl + Alt + F7


How to remove screenlets from ubuntu 16.04?

Run:

sudo apt-get purge python-beautifulsoup python-wnck python-vte python-tz

sudo apt-get --purge autoremove

sudo apt autoclean

This should remove the python packages you installed at first.

And then run:

sudo rm -r /tmp/indiv-screenlets-0.1.6

To remove the Screenlets files.


Why is ddclient giving me an "Invalid IP" error when trying to update dynamic DNS?

Known bug - fixed upstream - get the latest version from a PPA
This is/was from a known "bug" -- it's caused by the dynamic DNS provider using the dyndns2 protocol incorrectly and sending malformed responses to ddclient.

ddclient sourceforge trac ticket
Debian bug report

The problem has long since been fixed in ddclient (based on one of the patches linked in the trac), but Ubuntu's ddclient is so ancient (inherited from upstream) that it can't even be patched manually. (Ubuntu is on rev. 106/Jan-2009, while the latest is r130/Nov-2011).
Solution:

Add this PPA with sudo apt-add-repository ppa:nathan-renniewaldock/ppa
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install ddclient (will upgrade if necessary)

The PPA has the latest versions for 10.04, 11.10 and 12.04.

For the curious, here's the patch/buggy bit:

        # bug #10: some dyndns providers does not return the IP so
        # we can't use the returned IP
        my ($status, $returnedip) = split / /, lc $line;
        $ip = $returnedip if (not $ip);


Will location data be available to ubuntu mobile apps?

Though the Ubuntu SDK is based on  Qt5 and QtQuick 2.0, I think you are able to include Qt Mobility. So the example at this page showing how to display location data on a map should work.


My advice would be to turn off Apport.

Apport is used in alpha and beta releases to help find and report bugs and would normally be switched off in a final release, but for some reason I have noticed it is on in 12.04.

This is causing unnecessary crash reports to pop up and it will be completely safe to turn off

To turn off Apport see this How do I enable or disable Apport?


Why did Ubuntu change from "Gnome-desktop" to "Unity"?

Founded in 2010, the Unity project started by Mark Shuttleworth and
  Canonical has gone on to deliver a consistent user experience for
  desktop and netbook users alike. Putting great design at the heart of
  the project, Unity and its technologies such as Application
  indicators, System indicators, and Notify OSD, have strived to solve
  common problems in the Free Software desktop while optimizing the
  experience for touch, consistency and collaboration.

Courtesy: http://unity.ubuntu.com/about/

As to the reason for the splitup:

  Canonical made the switch for the next release of its Ubuntu desktop
  Linux distribution, because of increasingly divergent views of how a
  desktop interface should look and operate, according to Canonical
  founder Mark Shuttleworth.

You can read in detail at:
http://www.pcworld.com/article/208708/article.html


After upgrading to Ubuntu 14.04, my shortcuts keys and media keys no longer work

Killing unity-settings-daemon and running gnome-settings-daemon worked for me
, or running:

gnome-settings-daemon --replace

But it's not a persistent solution. It affects all keyboard shortcuts set via
SystemSettings...→Keyboard→Shortcuts. Running Ubuntu 14.04.

(also maybe interesting: some shortcuts that were set before updating from 13.04 to 14.04 still worked, but as soon as I reassign them in the System Settings, they stop working with unity-settings-daemon)


Edit files on written SD Card (on Ubuntu laptop, edit boot files for Raspberry Pi)

Try this:

ssh pi@(piip)

Remember: Replace (piip) with your Pi's IP address.

If prompted about fingerprints type y then enter 'raspberry' as the password

You may now edit the file with:

sudo nano /boot/config.txt


What is the best way of installing the R package XLConnect?

The way you described is the standard way of installing packages in R. XLConnect should normally install fairly quickly. It may take a while to download the packages as XLConnect is about 1.6MB in size and the dependency XLConnectJars is about 16.5MB in size (you may try different mirrors).

An alternative is to download the source packages (XLConnect & XLConnectJars) from CRAN (http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/XLConnect/index.html) and then to use install.packages("/path/to/pkg.tar.gz", repos = NULL)


How to get xfce4-sensors plugin to show HDD temperature in XFCE panel?

I had the same Problem after upgrading to 13.04.

I would prefer a non-dirty solution also.

But This bugreport
didn't provide any clean solution either

At least: The mentioned dirty solution worked for me:

  set suid bit to hddtemp:

  $ sudo chmod u+s /usr/sbin/hddtemp

  $ xfce4-sensors


Cannot connect to PPTP VPN on Ubuntu 18.04

The error message in your logs of VPN connection: connect timeout exceeded. suggests that in attempting to connect to the VPN server, the connection timed out.
This means that either the device you're trying to connect to (VPN server) is offline and not web-reachable, or you have some type of proxy or firewall between you and the endpoint VPN server which is interfering.  (This could be at the VPN server side, the network side you're connected to, ISP filtering, or any number of things).
Unfortunately, debugging a timeout error is actually a lot harder than it sounds, so it's not really anything that can be solved here.  Even if you can ping the remote VPN server side that alone doesn't mean that the VPN connection itself is dead.
Also, as an IT Security guy, I have to suggest NOT using PPTP VPNs if you can avoid it.  PPTP VPNs, though common, have very weak levels of encryption and are fairly easy to break into from a security perspective.


How to install Ubuntu 16.04 on external GPT HDD from non UEFI BIOS mode

If I understand correctly, you want to end up with a 2TB external USB hard disk that uses a GUID Partition Table (GPT) and that includes BIOS-mode installations of both Windows 8 and Ubuntu. Unfortunately, this is impossible -- or at best, it's so bleeding-edge that you might as well forget about it. The problem is that Windows will boot in BIOS mode only from Master Boot Record (MBR) disks, not from GPT disks. There are a couple of bleeding-edge ways around this limitation, like this approach (which I've never tried) or using Clover, but getting either of these things set up is unlikely to be worth the effort.

Instead, I recommend you drop your GPT requirement. Even if the disk contains data you want to preserve, you can do a lossless GPT-to-MBR conversion with gdisk, as described in my gdisk documentation here. This will produce an MBR disk that you should be able to make bootable.

Another issue you must understand is that most OSes, including both Windows and Ubuntu, have installers that try to install boot loaders for the same boot mode in which the installer booted. It sounds like you're trying to use a second computer to do the OS installation, so it's imperative that you boot the OS installers in BIOS mode if you want the resulting disk to be bootable in that mode. This may require enabling the BIOS/CSM/legacy support in the firmware setup utility, and you'll need either luck or enough knowledge to take control of the boot process to force a BIOS-mode boot. See this page of mine for more on this topic. Note that details of how to force a BIOS-mode vs. an EFI-mode boot vary from one computer to another.

Finally, Windows tends to be fussy about its hardware, so installing on one computer when you intend to use it on another may not work; or at best, you're likely to need to reboot multiple times to massage the driver configuration. It's likely to be simpler to install using the ultimate target computer. Also, my understanding is that Windows won't install to external hard disks. There may be hacks to work around this limitation, but I know nothing about them. You may need to ask on a Windows forum to get advice on these issues.


Ubuntu 16.04 xrdp issue: programs do not run remotely

The problem resolved!

As I mentioned, I have installed CUDA 8. I used CUDA .deb file to install it. During installation many additional package were installed. One of them was openjdk. After installation I removed openjdk and installed Oracle JDK. As a result CUDA 8 and its dependencies went to apt autoremove!

When I frustrated, I do apt autoremove, and magically remote session problem resolved! Then I install CUDA 8 using its .run file.


How do I stop Xubuntu 13.10 from suspending when I close lid?

Well, simple answer ...

# is a prefix for a line comment, so all lines with # are comments.
Simply remove the # at lines you want to activate and it will work.

I tried it and it works for me.


NVIDIA CUDA error when using a different card for display

Ubuntu 16.04, cuda-8.0, and Nvidia 375 work just fine togehter, but there are lot of confusing older directions out there.  Start with the Intel site, Intel Ubuntu installation  , and use the deb file as the most system specific installation method. The default compilers, gcc5, are fine for 16.04.

First, get the Ubuntu Nvidia drivers set up before you start with any cuda installs.  Enable the Canonical Partners under the software updater, Settings button/ Other Software.  And the Proprietary Drivers under Ubuntu Software tab.  Update the package index, and then under the Additional Drivers, install the Nvidia video driver (tested).
Skip any offer of Nvidia drivers from the cuda package.

Download the Intel cuda 8.0 deb package, and use dpkg -i to install it.  Note the location of the cuda-8.0 directory, you will use that to modify your PATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH, adding /bin for the PATH and /lib64 for the libraries.  Copy the samples directory from the cuda-8.0 location to some place writeable by you, so you can build things in it.  Use apt-get to install the cuda and cuda-toolkit-8-0, they will bring in many other cuda packages. That's it, the makefiles in the sample directories should run (unless a specific sample needs additional libraries, nbody does not, so try that one first).

Now the Nvidia drivers are in flux, I had installed the 367 and got updated to the 375.  I had no issues with that, but did find a 367 wired into the cuda samples, so careful if you try to clean up the old directories.  The Nvidia libraries are in the normal /usr/lib/nvidia-375 locations, so no path mods needed for them.

Take a look at nvidia site's question like yours and solved problem like yours .  Depends upon hardware.


can't ping from virtualbox ubuntu server --nat connection

I would change your network connection settings ("Devices" -> "Network Adapters...") from NAT to "Bridged Adapter". You will want your virtual box to get an IP Address from your router and not a separate one from the host machine.

This should allow you to use only the router's configuration to poke a port directly to your virtual box on the network.


WSL Ubuntu 18.04 Install SSH key forwarding Issue

This is a known bug in openssh client bundled with Ubuntu 18.04 running under WSL in Windows 1803

Please use the following instructions to install openssh binary from Ubuntu 16.04

cd /tmp/
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openssh/openssh-client_7.2p2-4ubuntu2.4_amd64.deb
dpkg -x openssh-client_7.2p2-4ubuntu2.4_amd64.deb /tmp/deb
sudo mv /usr/bin/ssh-agent /usr/bin/ssh-agent.18.04
# for safekeeping in case of bionic updates
sudo mv /tmp/deb/usr/bin/ssh-agent /usr/bin/ssh-agent.16.04
sudo cp /usr/bin/ssh-agent.16.04 /usr/bin/ssh-agent
sudo chown root:ssh /usr/bin/ssh-agent

See more information on this github issue


Rollback Xubuntu-desktop install: Change GDM Theme

It seems an age now, but you could use gksudo gdmsetup to customise your GDM login screen.  This seems to have been dropped after Karmic.

If you want to re-theme your GDM, add gnome-appearance-properties to GDM's autostart folder:

sudo ln -s /usr/share/applications/gnome-appearance-properties.desktop /usr/share/gdm/autostart/LoginWindow

Log out.

The appearance properties window will appear on the GDM login screen.

Configure GDM how you want, then close the window and log back in.

When you're done and want the window to stop opening with GDM, run:

sudo unlink /usr/share/gdm/autostart/LoginWindow/gnome-appearance-properties.desktop

Use this AU question and answer to reset the xubuntu gdm icon back to the canonical orange circle-of-friends.


Qt Installation requirements: unmet dependencies

Clutter is required to run the new GTK 3 desktop environments. Reinstall those libraries, and try running sudo apt-get dist-upgrade to force everything to upgrade, which will likely allow you to then install libgl without any further problems.


The Intel Fortran Compiler is available on 30 day trial as a part of their Parallel Studio XE at https://software.intel.com/en-us/fortran-compilers/choose-download.  Students and teachers can qualify for a free license.


How to set zsh as default for gnome terminal only?

Based on the instruction from @steeldriver 's comment (sorry, I can't upvote):

open the preferences (right click in the window or use the hamburger button)
go to configuration profile (I created a new one for ZSH by cloning the default)
select "Command" tab
tick "Run a custom command instead of my shell." option
write "zsh" in "Custom command" textbox

That's it. Next time you start Terminal it opens with zsh.


You must have shared in a way that it expects authorization. If so, you'll have to add a user to the samba configuration file or else you'll have to make the share accessible to everyone without authorization.

This link contains the details of creating samba shares :

http://www.pctips4u.com/2013/01/share-files-in-linux-over-network-using.html


Open the terminal and run:
sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk

and then compile your Java program as before with: javac abc.java. Then run it with:
java abc  ## The name of the class to be called is abc NOT abc.class

You can also substitute openjdk-6-jdk instead of openjdk-7-jdk in the first command. In Ubuntu 15.10 and newer, you can also substitute openjdk-8-jdk instead of openjdk-7-jdk in the first command. In Ubuntu 17.10 you can also substitute openjdk-9-jdk. In Ubuntu 17.10 and later you can also substitute openjdk-11-jdk.
In Java 9 and letter, Java has a built-in shell that can run blocks of Java code directly from the terminal without compiling the Java code first, jshell, defined in JEP 222. To start jshell from the terminal type jshell.
$ jshell
|  Welcome to JShell -- Version 11.0.7
|  For an introduction type: /help intro

jshell>
To exit from jshell  type /exit.


What does it mean when ^\ doesn't work, but kill -9 does?

Programs (and scripts) may trap and handle or ignore any signal except 9 (SIGKILL). SIGKILL is a last resort because it abrogates any exiting cleanup a program might do. The default action for any signal is to terminate the process, so you can try other numbers to see if the program handles them or gets terminated.  See the list of all possible signals with the command:

kill -L

Usually, a program will handle just a few of the 62 possibilities other than SIGKILL.


Windows Ubuntu Terminal Script not Working

Thanks to @steeldriver I found out that the script i wrote had hidden windows characters, since i was using a windows text editor. I ran the following line, and the file had the header #!/bin/bash.

dos2unix scriptName.sh

the script worked afterwards :D


This is a mode where windows are hidden and just the desktop is shown - see the "_NET_SHOWING_DESKTOP" hint on the EWMH page at freedesktop.org:  http://standards.freedesktop.org/wm-spec/wm-spec-1.3.html#id2731380

so, something you would typically want off.


What to do after entering sudo password as plain text into terminal?

As it's a personal computer you are mostly fine. Even if someone was snooping on you how would it now that what you typed was your password?
Anyway, changing it is a good idea and if you have changed it and it's not close to what it was before, for example going from mypass to mypass1 you are almost good to go.
If you're paranoid about it check for any other account that "might have been added" to your system. This might help you to get a list of users:
awk -F':' '$3>1000 && $3<2000 {print $1}' /etc/passwd

or just go through:
compgen -u

for anything suspicious. And make sure root user has been locked: Disable root account in Ubuntu?
You already know about ~/.bash_history so I'm not going through it.


nomodeset is commonly used during or after installation. It tells the kernel not to load any video drivers until after the kernel is fully loaded and running.

To make the change permanent, run sudo gedit /etc/default/grub.
Find the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT= line and replace quiet with nomodeset .

Save it, exit and then run sudo update-grub to make the change permanent. See https://www.howtogeek.com/196655/how-to-configure-the-grub2-boot-loaders-settings/ for  more details.

Note: Most HP 250 G4 machines use Intel HD Graphics which have their drivers already in the kernel. However, at least one model has an AMD Radeon R5 M330 graphics processor which would require a specific driver; either the Open Source drivers, or the proprietary AMD driver.

This depends on the exact model number of your machine, which is on the underside of the laptop on the sticker which also has your serial number. Once you have it, go to HP 250 G4 support, enter your model or serial number, and then go to Specifications to see which graphics you have.


I can not completely see what you want to do, like using it in one or in multiple scripts - but I have an idea what went wrong:

To me, it looks like you were trying to combine two things, and combibing them got you in trouble:

Smells like deadlock

Opening a file on an extra file descriptor of the current shell:

$ exec 3<>file

And using a fifo special file:

$ mkfifo fifo
$ exec 3> fifo

And then, you tried to use them in a way that created a dead lock, for example waiting to finish writing, while you plan to read the data later - but never will get so far.

Both are powerful tools, but they are tricky to use together in a single shell script.

Examples

Here's the relevant example section from
Bash One-Liners Explained, Part III: All about redirections.

Note how thwo independent scripts are used in section 13 when working with the fifo:

  Open a file both for writing and reading

$ exec 3<>file

  Here we use bash's diamond operator <>. The diamond operator opens a
  file descriptor for both reading and writing.

  So for example, if you do this:

$ echo "foo bar" > file   # write string "foo bar" to file "file".
$ exec 5<> file           # open "file" for rw and assign it fd 5.
$ read -n 3 var <&5       # read the first 3 characters from fd 5.
$ echo $var

  This will output foo as we just read the first 3 chars from the file.

  Now we can write some stuff to the file:

$ echo -n + >&5           # write "+" at 4th position.
$ exec 5>&-               # close fd 5.
$ cat file

  This will output foo+bar as we wrote the + char at 4th position in the
  file.

  Send the output from multiple commands to a file

$ (command1; command2) >file

  This one-liner uses the (commands) construct that runs the commands a
  sub-shell. A sub-shell is a child process launched by the current
  shell.

  So what happens here is the commands command1 and command2 get
  executed in the sub-shell, and bash redirects their output to file.

  Execute commands in a shell through a file

  Open two shells. In shell 1 do this:

mkfifo fifo
exec < fifo

  In shell 2 do this:

exec 3> fifo;
echo 'echo test' >&3

  [ ... ]


Ubuntu 11.04 server adding desktop environment

Yes,It is possible. Here I explain the way I usually do, since I have same situation.

Limit is that you must have same architecture of systems.

First Clean Cache using following command in terminal.

   sudo apt-get clean

Dwonload packages for Install Ubuntu desktop using this command

sudo apt-get install -d ubuntu-desktop

This command will download packages only.

Now go to places. Open  Filesystem > var > Cache > apt> achieve

You will get all downloaded packages here. Copy all to folder.

Copy that folder to Usb drive.

Now Insert usb that server you want to install ubuntu desktop.
Type following commands.

cd /media/<your USB drive>/<folder>
sudo dpkg -i <all .deb packages>.

This will install .deb packages in System. You can install any .deb packages in this way.


Learning the basics of Ubuntu networking

The best resource is Ubuntu's documentation. I have listed below some pages within that documentation and some other sources to help with you.

The index of networking topics, covering topics such as DHCP, home servers, WiFi and security.
DHCP (general), static DNS, dynamic DNS, configuration of a DHCP server.

The LAMP topics (Linux, Apache, PHP and MySQL) are covered here.

As for security, the Ubuntu Wiki has an index page, which covers various topics such as intrusion detection, firewall and encryption. You may also wish to consult the guidance given by Ubuntu's Security Team.

I'm not sure how networking works in a virtualised environment. The needed set up also depends on what you want to achieve. For example, any security testing should probable be done on a real installation, as any limitations, bugs or security features could make your testing results unreliable or inaccurate.

Finally, this blog article lists various distributions that specialise into Penetration Testing, such as backtrack-linux or NodeZero, which is based on Ubuntu.


Removing specific part of filename (what's after the second dash) for all files in a folder

I would use the Perl-based rename command - for example, to remove the shortest sequence of word-characters starting with - ahead of the .mp3 suffix, you could try

rename -nv -- 's/-\w+?[.]mp3$/.mp3/' *.mp3

The n option runs the command in 'dry run' mode - if the matches appear correct, remove the n option and run it again.


Ubuntu it self have a sound recorder and you can record the sound in many audio formats.you can get it by typing as sound in unity-dash.

you can try one more new  application with great features ,audio recorder.

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:osmoma/audio-recorder
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install audio-recorder


Yes, Ubuntu can use multiple cores, and it does it pretty well. In fact, most supercomputers run Linux, and they have tons of processors.

Even though this is true, it also depends upon the software to make appropriate use of multiple cores. Not all software can do multi threading, in this case, such software would use only one core.

To answer your question, most of the software you will use are not CPU intensive, so they would either not support multi threading or they will never use it. Hence you are better off using faster processor than one with multiple cores. Still, you might want at least dual core, just in case you need it.


How to transfer files between Android and Ubuntu?

I gave up trying to get MTP support on Linux for the moment.

Here is the solution I use now:

On your Android device, install FTP Server (it's free and open source)
On your Ubuntu computer, install Filezilla
Make sure both your computer and your Android device are connected to the same WiFi network
On Android, launch FTP Server, and check "Running". It will provide you an IP and a port.
In Filezilla, connect to yoru Android device using these information, and ftp/ftp as login/password (you can change this in FTP Server if you want)
You can then navigate into your device from your Ubuntu computer! I usually use this to transfer music on my Android Samsung Galaxy S3 (I put it in /storage/extSdCard/ directory)


Bluetooth speaker doesn't pair in ubuntu 16.04

FInally, I manage to solve the bluetooth problem. I am running ubuntu 16.04 LTS, thanks for many other users who have posted excellent solutions here and other linux forum. Here is my stepwise and collective effort for someone with the similar problem.

Open terminal (Alt+Ctrl+T) and type these commands and insert passwd whenever prompted

updating system

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get upgrade

Install bluetooth manager

$ sudo apt-get install blueman

Install pulseaudio

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get full-upgrade

generally above commands install pulseaudio, you can check if you have pulseaudio now by typing

$ pulseaudio -version

If you still dont have it type

$ sudo apt-get install pulseaudio

$ sudo apt-get install pulseaudio-module-bluetooth

editing default.pa file

$ sudo gedit /etc/pulse/default.pa

comment out the following line by putting # infront i.e.

#load-module module-bluetooth-discover

save and close the file

editing  start-pulseaudio-x11 file

$ sudo gedit /usr/bin/start-pulseaudio-x11

find the following line

 if [ x”$SESSION_MANAGER” != x ] ; then /usr/bin/pactl load-module module-x11-xsmp “display=$DISPLAY session_manager=$SESSION_MANAGER” > /dev/null fi

and add /usr/bin/pactl load-module module-bluetooth-discover just after it i.e.

if [ x”$SESSION_MANAGER” != x ] ; then /usr/bin/pactl load-module module-x11-xsmp “display=$DISPLAY session_manager=$SESSION_MANAGER” > /dev/null fi
/usr/bin/pactl load-module module-bluetooth-discover

save and close the file

Congratulations you are done with configuring ubuntu for bluetooth use ;)

Open terminal and type

$ pactl load-module module-bluetooth-discover

you should get a numerical value in return, you need to type this command everytime you restart your computer which isn't practical so type in terminal

$ sudo gedit ~/.bashrc

add above line at the end of the file and save and close it, it will save you from the trouble but remember to open terminal after restart

if you get error instead of numerical value type:

$ pactl unload-module module-bluetooth-discover

and then retype the above command again, you should get a numerical value now

After that open blueman and try pairing the device and then select audiosink option (If prompted for PIN type 0000)
Open volume control and from top right corner and select the output audio to your bluetooth device and A2DP option. It should work then.

If it still doesn't work, try removing the device from blueman, restarting your bluetooth device and try again. Ubuntu needs patience sometimes :D


locate uses a database and periodically does an inventory of your file system. The database is optimized for searching. find needs to traverse the whole subdirectory, which is pretty fast, but not as fast as locate.


Do I have to manually fix an interrupted dist-upgrade?

You can force reinstalling of packages (downloading and reinstalling again) by issuing this command:

sudo apt install --reinstall aptdaemon aptdaemon-data google-chrome-unstable libsmbclient libwbclient0 python3-aptdaemon python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets samba-libs

Please note the additional --reinstall parameter next to standard apt install command.

This additional parameter is not documented in man apt, but it is on man apt-get :

--reinstall
Re-install packages that are already installed and at the newest version.


my friend. These instructions look pretty good and they work.
I hope they help.


How can I install pepper plugin into chromium that is running from compiled src/out/ directory?

I found the answer here http://www.chromium.org/developers/design-documents/pepper-plugin-implementation

out/Release/chrome --ppapi-flash-path=/opt/google/chrome/PepperFlash/libpepflashplayer.so --ppapi-flash-version=`grep -i version /opt/google/chrome/PepperFlash/manifest.json | awk '{print $2}' | awk -F"\"" '{print $2}'`

did the trick.


In a Quickly app, should code go in "myapp" or "myapp_lib"?

Your code should go in myapp, not myapp_lib.

See here for more information:

What are the different application directories in a quickly ubuntu-application template for?


Xubuntu: How to reset a menu accelerator?

The easiest way: delete the menu accelerators' configuration files, then restart the applications to take effect. No need to logout or reboot the system at all.

Where are the config files

The configuration files are found as accels.scm per application basis, per user. To list down all existing files for current user, run the following command and see its output.

$ locate accels
/home/USERNAME/.config/Mousepad/accels.scm
/home/USERNAME/.config/Thunar/accels.scm
/home/USERNAME/.config/ristretto/accels.scm

USERNAME refers to the name of current user.

There are only three matching results by default (in Xubuntu 14.04), which are menu acceleration configuration files for Mousepad text editor, Thunar file manager, and ristretto image viewer.

Missing config files

As hinted above, not all applications have the configuration files by default.

For example, Xfce Terminal will not create accels.scm file for current user, unless the menu accelerators have been changed in Xfce Terminal. If you have already tried changing the menu accelerator in Xfce Terminal, then you will see one more additional line as follows.

/home/USERNAME/.config/xfce4/terminal/accels.scm

If the additional line is not seen immediately, then update the database for locate command by running sudo updatedb.mlocate in Terminal. Finally, run again locate accels and matching results will be updated as above.

Tested working in Xubuntu 14.04 (Xfce 4.10).

TL;DR Delete config files, then restart applications. Back to default.


What is the difference between 'kill' and the 'k' option within 'top' in Linux?

The command kill can be used to send a signal to a process. Useful signals, as in man, are: HUP, INT, KILL, STOP, CONT, and 0.

Example:

sudo kill -9 1234 - send signal KILL to process with pid 1234

top can be used to watch Linux processes. There is an option on this command to send signals to processes too. You should already know process PID:

After starting top, find process you would like to send a signal.
Press k.
Inform for which PID you would like to send signal.
Inform which signal you want and press enter.
Signal will be sent to process PID.

Want to know more about Linux Signals?


Unable to login to graphical interface after changing password on Ubuntu 15.10

Firstly, login and change the password:

passwd

Then, please make a bug report:

ubuntu-bug lightdm

Descripe your problem there, so they can fix it.


ERROR: While executing gem (some::Gem) no such name (http://some.url)

How did I solved it?

I followed this as Mitch advised me, but after sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.3 I got that ruby -v showed ruby 1.8.7

So I did this and then I continue with

sudo gem install rails

it worked.


sudo apt-get install usbmount

It creates entries for usb devices in /media, then automounts the USB devices there.

Beware of FAT & NTFS drives, you may need to edit the /etc/usbmount/usbmount.conf file for filesystems that aren't supported by default.  Everything is commented well, so should be simple to do.

You may also need to sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g for NTFS support etc.

ext3 and ext4 (for example) should be fine.

Once installed, you can edit lines 12 & 13 of /etc/usbmount/usbmount.conf, changing the mount points to /media/NAS etc.


Acer A515 touchpad not working in Ubuntu 17.10

After long hours of search I finally found that the problem was a kernel bug so I just upgrade to the latest v4.14 kernel and it solved the issue. The problem was previously solved here.

If you don't know how to update your kernel just follow this simple instructions.


GIMP v2.8 does not natively export bitmaps to SVG files. There used to be a plugin to do so but this project apparently is discontinued. We could import an image as a bitmap object to Inkscape  and save it as an SVG file. The image will then remain a bitmap file, i.e. it will get aliasing artifacts on scaling (see below).
But Inkscape can do even more. We can import the bitmaps we had already put so much work in to Inkscape and convert them with a few mouse clicks to nice vector graphics.
Here is how to do that:

Open Inkscape.

Choose "File - Import" to import a bitmap file.

Choose to "embed" the image.

Select the image with the select tool (↖).

Select Path - Trace Bitmap... for settings (below shown for 2 colors = "Scans" ):

Select "Update" for a preview until settings are fine.

Start tracing with "OK".

Now a vectorized image of your original bitmap will be seen on top of the bitmap. We can resize or move this newly created object, delete the original image, or choose to "Object - Ungroup" in case we need to adapt shapes or colour of sub-object created.

If necessary, reduce size of the vectorized image (hold down CTRL to lock ratio), so that it fits on the page.  Otherwise it may appear "cropped" when viewed.
Use "File - Save As" to save your file in SVG format.

The advantage of a vector graphic can most rapidly be seen when we increase its size. Shown below was zooming to 2500%. Top is the original bitmap, bottom is the vectorized object:

This image and object was created from your original from chat


Here is one useful blog on setting up of open stack via juju.

http://marcoceppi.com/2014/06/deploying-openstack-with-just-two-machines/

In short there are multiple services for open stack and they need to be interconnected, you need to create services identical to one's listed in the blog and have them interlinked in juju to get openstack running.


How can I install Startup Disk Creator on Ubuntu 17.04?

If you cannot find it just install it running in terminal those commands (first two are optional, to update the repos, and upgrade what should be upgraded, but if you just want to make pendrive with installer, just skip to the third line.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install usb-creator-gtk

For me it worked, Ubuntu tutorials and forums stated that it is build in, from 18.04, but it's not if you have other flavor than "vanilla" Ubuntu, for example Budgie.

Then you may also start this from terminal:

usb-creator-gtk


What is the license conditions to use Sublime text? Can I use it for free in Ubuntu?

Sublime is not Free Software, but you can use it without pay any cent.

The condition is that you can use it:

As evaluation period, which does not have a time limitation; or
With a paid License (per user)

Source (official site):

  Sublime Text 2 may be downloaded and evaluated for free, however a
  license must be purchased for continued use. There is currently no
  enforced time limit for the evaluation.

Here is the End User License Agreement.


Why to explicitly mention filesystem type while mounting?

If I understand correctly, what you're asking in point number 3 is this:

  The Linux partition (and all the files inside it) uses an ext file
  system, so why do we mention iso9660 when we want to view a cdrom
  (or ntfs if we want to view a Windows partition for example) when we
  are actually mounting it on /mnt/mycdrom, which is part of the default ext file
  system (root partition).

So here's my answer:

We specify the file system while mounting because we want to tell Linux how to read the data in this partition/device. All file systems have a different structure. For example, there's something called a "cluster" in a file system, and the size of this cluster is different in the different file systems. Let's briefly explain "file systems":

In a FAT file system, there are two tables: a FAT (index) table, and a directory table. These tables are the ones that say "this file is called text.doc, and it starts from this part of the partition, and has a size of this. This other file is called image.jpg, and starts from this... and so on. These "tables" are placed in a special static place at the beginning of the partition.
In an NTFS file system, there are different kinds of tables, using different formats.
In a CD (file system IOS 9660), there is a specific size of "unused" space at the beginning, followed by the data.

What I'm trying to say is that each file system has a different structure.

Now, in Linux, when you do the command:

mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/mycdrom

What you're telling Linux is this:

mount: make the files in this device accessible to me.
-t iso9660: this device uses the file system iso9660 (so now, Linux will know how to read the files from this device, because you told it it's an iso9660 file system and Linux already knows/supports the file structure of iso9660 and knows where its tables are and all that).
/dev/cdrom: the device I'm trying to mount; the device I want to access.
/mnt/mycdrom: the mount point when I want you to mount this device.

Anyone, correct me if I'm wrong in the paragraph below.

So, this folder (or directory) /mnt/mycdrom is part of the default file system, which is the ext file system (the root partition). The directory itself technically does not have a file system of iso9660, but it's showing me the contents of a device that's using the iso9660 file system; it's acting as the starting point of that file system.

The thing about the Unix/Linux file structure is that everything is under one base, which is the root directory /; it's a hierarchical file system structure. Unix/Linux places all partitions and other devices under that root directory, that's why you really can't say that *everything* under that root directory is ext < Correct me if I'm wrong on this last statement too.

Further reading:

Mounting Definition and Mount Point Definition are a very good read to understand mounting.
General overview of the Linux file system is also a very good guide on...well...a general overview of the Linux file system.
Filesystems explained is an article that briefly explains the difference between a file system, a partition, and their names.
Filesystems is also an article about file systems.


How to make sure that grub is properly configured?

The following question and answers provide some useful pointers in reply to my own question:

How to properly update Grub in Hosted environment


You will need to updatethe secure_path option in your /etc/sudoers file to include some of the paths from your ~/.profile file.
To do this, run sudo visudo and edit the secure path line:
Defaults        secure_path="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin:{path to command(s)}"

Note: Be sure to change {path to command(s)} to the actual path that people using sudo will need.
Save the file and, the next time you run a sudo command, the directory you need will be in sudo's $PATH.
Hope this gives you what you need.


Turns out that this is how the English UK keyboard is supposed to work. When I switch to English US everything works just fine!


How do I enable full-color support in Vim?

GNOME Terminal supports 256 colors, but doesn't advertise its support.  You can override vim's autodetection by putting the following:

if $COLORTERM == 'gnome-terminal'
  set t_Co=256
endif

in your ~/.vimrc.

Note: if you use GNU screen, it will happily eat those 256-color codes and convert them to basic 16 colors.  A better fix is to change TERM to xterm-256color before launching screen/vim.

Update for 2017: if you have a sufficiently recent Vim (7.4.1799 or newer), and a sufficiently advanced terminal emulator (xterm, or gnome-terminal based on a sufficiently recent version of VTE), you can :set termguicolors and terminal vim will use full 24-bit colors as defined by your vim theme using highlight guifg=#rrggbb guibg=#rrggbb.


Connect to Ubuntu 18.04LTS server via xrdp

There is no enough information in your question to provide a 100 % working solution... Your issue is probably related to the fact that you are running an not up to date Ubuntu 18.04 version.  We are guessing that you are running Ubuntu 18.04.2.

As described in this post, in Ubuntu 18.04.2, the xorgxrdp package does not get installed because of missing dependencies....

To fix your issue, you have multiple options

Option 1

use the easy to use xrdp-installer-v1.1.sh script that will detect and fix the possible missing dependencies.  Please read the info provided in the post to learn how to use the script properly...

Option 2

Upgrade your Ubuntu 18.04.x with the latest updates (which will bring your Ubuntu to 18.04.4) and remove/install the xrdp package manually using the following command

sudo apt-get install xrdp

sudo apt-get install xorgxrdp-hwe-18.04

Note : To check which version of Ubuntu you are running, from a terminal console, you can issue the following command

lsb_release -a

Hope this help

Till Next Time

See Ya


Enabling nomodeset in Ubuntu and Arch multiboot

The solution requires a config file edit to /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober. Be sure to back up the original file, first!

You need to find the line that says, "linux ${LKERNEL} ${LPARAMS}" and change it to say "linux ${LKERNEL} ${LPARAMS} nomodeset".

Then run update-grub and try it out.

Tim


folder on /var/www is forbidden,why? (browser is showing forbidden message)

Check the permissions of the folders that you have copied inside the www folder.
The default permissions should be set to drwxr-xr-x with root being the owner and root is the default group of the directory. Set it up in a recursive manner and it should solve your problem

You may run the command

  sudo chown -R yourusername /var/www/
  sudo chmod -R 751 /var/www/


LibreOffice Writer: How to ensure all tables have the same width?

Under Table -> Properties there is a Width setting.  Change all three tables to use the same value.

You could also make adjustments under the Column tab.

EDIT:

With the example file, under Table -> Properties for the first table, change Width to 6 " and Spacing / Left to 0.00 ".


I am in Kubuntu 12.04 and they work ok. They used to work on Konqueror too. By vi-shortcuts its understood that the "hjkl" keys  work, not /, # or Esc or any of the editing options, just the navigator keys, but combined with focus follow mouse activated its a powerful tool.


Insert your DVD again and reboot. Thhis wil take you to the live screen (OS running from DVD, not from your hard disk). Then choose Install Ubuntu, then you'll be propted to choose whatever you want to do, you'll have to choose to reinstall Ubuntu completely. That'll make a fresh install, but also that will erase everything you've stored/saved in your HDD.


Unable to turn off Airplane Mode on Ubuntu 16.04

The hard block from the 'rfkill list all' output means you actually have a switch to turn on/off the wireless.  Your laptop may have a function key combination or an actual switch to toggle this.

Hope this helps.


Characters missing / corrupted text Ubuntu 14.04 (and other versions) Intel 5th gen

As already stated characters are missing all over the place. The reason seems to be an outdated Intel Graphics driver in Ubuntu 14.04 - which is not compatible with the 5th generation of Intel CPU/GPU. As noticed and further described in this bug report

"Distribution not supported" when trying to install Intel Graphics Installer in Ubuntu describes how the Intel Graphics Installer for Linux starts. But unfortunately it does not succeed. The reason is that Ubuntu 14.04 is not supported. Ubuntu 14.10 is required.

Edit 04.12.2017
This problem does not exist using Ubuntu 16.04
Therefore I recommend: upgrade to 16.04


How to store Pictures folder on another hard drive?

Why it's as simple as deleting the Pictures folder first before linking my good man. Like so:

rm -rf ~/Pictures

ln -s /media/Images ~/Pictures


GPS-data logger does not communicate to computer

Follow some of the setup steps in this post to confirm you can connect to it, ignoring the Garmin specific setups:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/GarminGPSMap76CSx

See if the xgps tool connects to it.

The second option is to try to use wine to run the Windows tools provided by the device manufacturer.