Although that number does seem high, it isn't really alarming. It is because of the way programs are written for Linux as opposed to other OS's. In Linux many programs are really just a bunch of other programs that all do a small function, but can be collaborated into one larger program. This is why we have dependencies. The reasoning for this is because in open source software, the ethos is "do one thing and do it well". When programs are written to do one thing and do it well, another programmer doesn't need to write that part of his program, because someone already did that, and they can just piggyback off of that program for that particular function.

I recommend keeping your PC up-to-date because most of the times the updates are bug-fixes, feature enhancements or security fixes. I personally run updates whenever the default schedule is (I think it checks once a week) and notifies me to run updates.


Solutions for cheaply replacing poorly-supported onboard ATI card with discreet graphics on desktop machine?

I've used Nvidia cards in almost all my Linux computers.  The earliest one was an Nvidia TNT2 PCI.  I've also used a GeForce4 MX 440 PCI.  I had no problems with either of them. Here is a link to the older Nvidia cards that their 3 Legacy drivers support:

http://www.nvidia.com/object/IO_32667.html

Once you install Ubuntu, you should get a notification that an Nvidia proprietary driver is available.  You would then just choose the legacy driver that matches the card.  After the driver is installed, reboot for the computer for the new driver to be used.


According to the reply to that forum thread marked as “verified answer”, this issue was fixed in a BIOS update.

How to update BIOS

    Download the .exe file downloaded from Dell's website and copy it into your /boot/EFI folder.
    Restarting your computer and run enter BIOS by hitting F12.
    Select 'Flash BIOS upgrade' and then select the .exe file that you downloaded from dell and wait for the update to be applied.


How to set the LaTeX font size in inkscape?

You can simply add a latex specification for the font size.
For example, you can use \fontsize in the "latex formula" box:

\fontsize{9pt}{1em} $\sum_{ij} w_{ij}$


How to Install Mathematica 10 on Ubuntu 14.04 Step by Step (I Am Brand Spanking New to Ubuntu)

This article provides a pretty good starting point.
  Installing Mathmatica on Unix and Linux

For us to be able to help you further you need to provide more exact information on where you're stuck.  It sounds like you downloaded the program.  Do you know the format of the download?  (For example, does it end in .tar or .gz?)  Unlike Microsoft Windows, clicking on stuff in Ubuntu will often lead to more harm than good.

Are you able to open a terminal window to get to a command line?  Can you get to the directory where the file is downloaded?  (Probably /home/[username]/Downloads)

Post more info and we'll get you through it.


Is there such thing as an Ubuntu Certification Program, which guarantees compatability?

Ubuntu has a list of devices that are certified compatible

One day, when I can afford it, I'll buy a system76 laptop.

Be cautious when considering a Samsung. (see here: Linux blamed for Samsung laptop deaths)

If you plan on also using Windows, it's much easier and safer to install Ubuntu along-side Windows 7. Some people have experienced issues installing dual-boot along with Windows 8.

ASUS, HP, and Dell have released models with an Ubuntu OS option:

HP 255 Notebook PC
Asus Eee PC 1225C
Dell XPS 13 Laptop, Developer Edition

I believe Dell has Ubuntu pre-installed on other models as an option but there is no option to opt-out of windows unless you buy the XPS. Dell linux laptops.


mount: according to mtab, /dev/sdc1 is already mounted on /

As it says it is mounted on root directory, you can find it in nautilus 'Computer' partition or 'System' partition.

If you don't find, try using terminal

cd /
ls


Unable to completely remove Thunderbird?

Run this command to remove the configurations and other things in your home:

rm -rf /home/keeceng/.thunderbird

Do not remove the following files. These files come from other packages:

from package app-install-data

/usr/share/app-install/desktop/thunderbird:thunderbird.desktop
/usr/share/app-install/icons/thunderbird.png

from package gnome-accessibility-themes

/usr/share/icons/HighContrast/scalable/apps-extra/thunderbird-icon.svg


IP tables as a basic proxy not functioning as expected

In addition to a proper iptables rule set, forwarding needs to be enabled in the kernel. Check the current setting (which defaults to disabled):

cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

And if it disabled (0) then it can be enabled (non persistent) via:

echo 1 | sudo tee /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

or (still non persistent) via:

sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

For a persistent setting (after the next re-boot), edit as sudo the file /etc/sysctl.conf and change this line:

# Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4
#net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

To this:

# Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1


Reading through that guide, /dev/sda is mounted at mnt, and you are still in directory mnt/recovery at the point you try to unmount it.

You can't umount it because you are still using it, so change directory first:-

cd ~

and then

sudo umount /dev/sda

and it should unmount. If not, edit your question to include what happened.


It's no longer supported and is considered insecure because the default cipher list contains insecure ciphers as mentioned in this bug report


How to install Emmet (or any web development Plugins) for vim editor

to install emmet on vim

step one - install pathogen

install tim pope's pathogen this is needed to autoload the emmet plugin

copy and paste this into a terminal

sudo apt-get install -y curl
mkdir -p ~/.vim/autoload ~/.vim/bundle && \
curl -LSso ~/.vim/autoload/pathogen.vim https://tpo.pe/pathogen.vim

add this to your .vimrc

execute pathogen#infect()

If you're brand new to Vim and lacking a vimrc, run

vim ~/.vimrc

and paste in the following super-minimal example:

execute pathogen#infect()
syntax on
filetype plugin indent on

Step 2 - install emmet

copy and paste this into your terminal

cd ~/.vim/bundle
git clone https://github.com/mattn/emmet-vim.git

this will install emmet for vim

You now should have emmet, go into an HTML file and type

div.mainCtrl+y,

note you only have less than a second to hit the , after you've hit Ctrl+y or else emmet won't do anything.


Sharing files with Pythons SimpleHTTPServer

It is difficult to tell with certainty but I assume your local LAN is behind a router.  Your public IP adress is therefore the one of the router ... and the router has no SimpleHTTPServer.  So, if you really want to do that kind of manipulation, you have to instruct the router to redirect the port 8000 to your specific PC (local IP).  This is called 'PORT REDIRECTION'.
Instructions to do so vary from router to router and some IAP disallow this manipulation.  Be also aware that redirecting port to a specific adress need this adress to be knwon and stable.  So, probalbly you will have to configure the PC you are redirecting to, to have a static adress (instead of DHCP-allocated adress).

Be aware also that opening your PC to the Internet without protection is like opening your house (or at least one room) without any key or protection.  This means you are likely to meet there people you did not expect.


How do I get 1366x768 resolution working on 12.04 with nvidia GTX275

I was faced with a similar dilemma when I hooked up my pc to a Philips 42" LCD (model 42PFL5704D/F7). You can have it set up at at that resolution (i have mine at 1920 x 1080 - and it's great.
To do that you need to install the proprietary drivers from Nvidia. Simply open the terminal and enter the following commands, one line at a time:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

The reason being that the latest drivers has not yet made it to Ubuntu's repositories.

Note 1: I think the resolution you were going for is 1360x768.
Note 2: Make sure your tv is setup to unscaled (Menu > TV Settings > Picture > Unscaled).


nautilus-dropbox : Depends: dropbox but it is not going to be installed

First of all, you could use deb http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu saucy main instead of precise, but since all the "versions" of the repository end up in the same package pool, that ought not to change anything.

Now, to your issue. I'm not sure, but since nautilus-dropbox is a transitional package for dropbox, try installing dropbox directly; it might solve your installation problem.

Step by step

First of all, let's assume you haven't downloaded any package from Dropbox's website.

Enable the repository:

Run these lines from the Terminal.

echo 'deb http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu saucy main'>>'dropbox.list'
chmod 644 'dropbox.list'
sudo chown root:root 'dropbox.list'
sudo mv 'dropbox.list' '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/dropbox.list'
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 5044912E

The first line creates a line containing the repository in a file named dropbox.list (note that this uses saucy, but you can use any previous version, as all repos end up in the same package pool). The second and the third give some necessary access and group permissions to the file. The fourth line moves the file to the place all repos are located. Finally, the fifth line adds the Key File so that the repository can be authenticated.

Now, let's install the package:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install dropbox

Now you can launch Dropbox from the application launcher of your choice.


How to check which underlaying Debian version my Ubuntu release does use?

I suppose you could search for /etc/debian_version, even display it to get your answer.
    cat /etc/debian_version


I looked at your video and saw the problem in your program source. The reason you are getting this error is because you are using:

#include <stdio>
#include <stdlib>

You should be using:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

..use these corrections in your program and it should now compile.


Can I use an arbitrary sampling rate with opusenc?

So I concluded the most efficient way to encode my audio files would be with a 37kHz sampling rate. The thinking was, that would allow each frame to be larger in size with the same overall bitrate.

I'm not quite sure what you mean, codecs use a low-pass filter to achieve what you want.

opusenc --bitrate 110 --raw-rate 37000 Sample.wav Sample.opus

  The conversion went normal, but the resulting file sounded like random white noise and like the high frequencies being cut off.

If your sample is not recorded at 37kHz then you are not using the tool correctly, from the manpage:

  --raw-rate N – Set sampling rate for raw input (default: 48000)

Opus only supports a 48kHz sampling rate according to the FAQ:

How do I use 44.1 kHz or some other sampling rate not directly supported by Opus?
Does Opus support higher sampling rates, such as 96 kHz or 192 kHz?


How to get Active Directory domain name from windows 10 client

On the Windows Taskbar, click Start > Programs > Administrative Tools > Active Directory Domains and Trusts
In the left pane of the Active Directory Domains and Trusts dialog box, look under Active Directory Domains and Trusts.
The FQDN for the computer or computers is listed.
Note:  This information should also be located under System Properties > Computer Name next to Domain, and under Active Directory Users and Computers.


Screwed up terminal after modifying bashrc

copy the .bashrc from your /etc/skel to your home then restart

sudo cp /etc/skel/.bashrc /home/your-user


W2500 Wireless Keyboard Mouse set not working correclty on ubuntu 18.04

You can try this driver for asus_wireless_keyboard


Server bandwidth monitoring  program having Web interface

According to your requirements i can suggest NTOP.
Search for ntop in Synaptic manger or Ubuntu Software centre.After installing you can view and configure it through http://hostname:3000/

ntop focuses on :-

Traffic measurement

Traffic monitoring,

Network optimization and planning,

Detection of network security violations

However, you may have to go through the documentation and Man Pages for optimum usage.

It suffice all your requirements.

P.S :- During web-page configuration it will ask for Username (which is admin) and password( Whatever you typed during installation) .


If the terminal isnt your speed, try to run the computer janitor in ubuntu tweak.  It will clean out /boot and many more...  Follow directions here to install http://www.webupd8.org/2013/04/download-ubuntu-tweak-084-now.html

If you are comfortable with the terminal or trying to learn more about linux, then follow the steps taken here: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1435818

Brought to you by google :)


How to build a simple chat using netcat?

You can do something like this.

Assume Alice is the server. She types:

mawk -W interactive '$0="Alice: "$0' | nc -l -p <port_number> <ip_of_alice>

Then Bob connects to that server. He types:

mawk -W interactive '$0="Bob: "$0' | nc <ip_of_alice> <port_number>

The mawk lines just adds the prepending name of the person to the "chat". We need -W interactive to set unbuffered writes to stdout and line buffered reads from stdin.

Now Alice types Hi Bob and sees:

Hi Bob

Bob sees:

Alice: Hi Bob

Bob types Hi Alice and sees:

Alice: Hi Bob
Hi Alice

Alice sees:

Hi Bob
Bob: Hi Alice


Failed to dual boot Ubuntu 12.04 alongside with Windows 8

Laptops shipping with Windows 8 most probably use UEFI instead of BIOS (here are a bunch of differences).

As I myself have a Lenovo laptop with UEFI, I would recommend first to search for an option in the UEFI menu that would look like "Legacy support". This, in simple words, would make UEFI support BIOS features and solve a lot of problems that may arise. You can enter the UEFI menu just the way you used to enter to BIOS (laptop dependent, try out F2, F1, ESC or DEL keys while booting up - manufacturer logo).

If the above is not the case, you may want to refer to the Ubuntu Wiki UEFI page and try out the various options listed there.


How to change keyboard shortcut for switching between windows of the same application?

The CompizConfig Settings Manager is the correct application to use to change this keyboard shortcut when you're using Compiz as your window manager.

Compiz has several plugins that can be used to switch between applications, and they all have a different look & feel:

Application Switcher
Ring Switcher
Shift Switcher
Static Application Switcher

In ccsm, you can enable or disable a plugin by using the little checkbox on the left of the plugin icon. Try the four switcher plugins above (always only enable one at a time to avoid conflicts) and decide which one you like best.

The Application Switcher plugin does not support (as far as I can see) switching windows of the same application. The other three plugins do, though: To change the keyboard shortcut for switching windows of the same application, click on the plugin icon that you are using and look for a setting like Next/Previous Window Key (Group). Example for the Shift Switcher:


So Finally got it fixed. Eliah Kagan, your fix worked, but only to get it to boot, and I had to do that every time I rebooted. On top of that, it still didn't work quite right, for example transparency wouldnt work in unity3d. I found this thread Experiencing major issues on graphic displays, and it solved my problems. However, I didn't downgrade, when it says to downgrade your kernel instead I went into synaptic and reinstalled all the linux-image, linux-header, etc. that were currently installled. I also did not need to run step 3.

Note to anyone who may have the same problem. If you use the method I did of just reinstalling your headers etc., and you have to do the third step, you might need to just reinstall your current versions of those packages, but this has not been tested.


I would advise Unison (unison-gtk )

This is a graphical sync program, and can be installed via the Software Centre, but the easiest way to install is via the terminal:

sudo apt-get install unison unison-gtk

Then it will be in the dash, search for unison. You can create profiles and such like to sync locally between USBs and remotely via SSH.

The best thing is the GUI, it is easy to use because you can see exactly what you want - no messing around with the command line with rsync.

If you want it auto, you do need to use the command line - cron. Have a look here for how to use it and below is an example:

30 17 * * * unison PROFILENAME

That will run at 5:30pm every day. Make sure the profile that you create is 1 word only, and that you remember it.


How to make a bash script execute when the battery on my laptop begins charging/discharging?

Here's a pretty simple script that can be added as Startup Application and will run continuously. Insert the command you want to run upon detecting change in power method, as specified in the comments.

#!/bin/bash
# Author: Serg Kolo
# Date: June 17,2015
# Description:  this script detects changes in
# the powering method, and does something user
# specifies in appropriate field

on_ac_power
PREVIOUS=$(echo $?)

while [ 1 ]; do
    # check if we're on ac power or not
    on_ac_power
    CURRENT=$(echo $?)
    # check if previous values are current
    # are different. If they are
    # raise the flag.
    if [ $CURRENT -ne $PREVIOUS ]; then
        echo things changed
        # Insert commands you wanna run here
        # in the space below this comment
        echo running custom stuff

        # when done: make current value previous
        # for future comparison
        PREVIOUS=$(echo $CURRENT )
    else
        # if previous values and current are same
        # it means we didn't switch from battery to
        # ac or vice versa; do nothing
        continue
    fi

    sleep 1
done


Remember the Rhythm

This is a nice little plugin created a few years back but will solve this.

It is available in either PPA form for all versions from RB2.96 through to RB3.0.

Alternatively you can install from Git if you dont like PPA's for your system.

Lets start with the PPA version.  I'll be upfront - this is my PPA.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:fossfreedom/rhythmbox-plugins
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rhythmbox-plugin-remembertherhythm

Finally enable the plugin in your plugins menu.

If you want to install from Git try the following for rhythmbox versions RB2.96 to 2.99:

sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/owais/remember-the-rhythm.git
cd remember-the-rhythm
sudo make install

To uninstall:

sudo make uninstall

If you are using RB3.0 then the following instructions apply:

sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/owais/remember-the-rhythm.git
cd remember-the-rhythm/src

using your favourite text editor edit the file remember-the-rhythm.plugin

Change the line from Loader=python to Loader=python3 and save

cd ..
sudo make install

Rhythmbox 3.0 on Saucy

If you are a saucy user and have Rhythmbox 3.0 installed via either my PPA or Jacobs PPA then you'll need to edit your sources from saucy to trusty

shameless promotion to my blog that describes this and much more

Linked Question:

How do I install third-party rhythmbox plugins?


Reinstall Ubuntu 14.10 over existing Ubuntu 14.10 installation

All you need to do is download 64 bit Ubuntu 14.10 - choose the ubuntu-14.10-desktop-i386.iso file.

Burn it onto an empty disk. Choose the option to install the distro over the present one and it'll do exactly that for you.

That's all there is to it.


Capital D key not working / producing output

The FocusOut and FocusIn events mean that focus is being pulled by something else. Most likely you have Shift-D assigned as some sort of window manager hotkey.

Review your window manager keybindings and find the offending entry then you should be good.


Why "There are .debs in this upload, and enforcing they don't exist." when I try to upload package to a PPA?

The problem is that you used debuild to build Debian binaries instead of the Debian sources. You should have used debuild -S instead. Now, dput-ng error message is too vague, but essentially is saying that there are binary debs and you didn't force for them to be uploaded. Here is the source of the message:

if not enforce_debs and has_debs:
    raise BinaryUploadError(
        "There are .debs in this upload, and enforcing they don't exist."
    )


This solution worked for me.
First, packet forwarding needs to be enabled in ufw. Two configuration files will need to be adjusted. In /etc/default/ufw change the DEFAULT_FORWARD_POLICY to "ACCEPT"”:
DEFAULT_FORWARD_POLICY="ACCEPT"

Then edit /etc/ufw/sysctl.conf and uncomment the following (I guess your script for starting virtual hotspot already does set IP Forwarding, so you can skip this step or may want to remove IP forwarding line from your script):
net/ipv4/ip_forward=1

Similarly, for IPv6 forwarding uncomment:
net/ipv6/conf/default/forwarding=1

Now we will add rules to the /etc/ufw/before.rules file. The default rules only configure the filter table, and to enable masquerading the nat table will need to be configured. Add the following to the top of the file just after the header comments (again, if you have a script that you use to start your hotspot, you can, or probably should, remove any lines relating to masqueradaing from there):
# nat Table rules
*nat
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]

# Forward traffic through eth8.
-A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.0.0/24 -o eth8 -j MASQUERADE

# don't delete the 'COMMIT' line or these nat table rules won't be processed
COMMIT

The comments are not strictly necessary, but it is considered good practice to document your configuration. Also, when modifying any of the rules files in /etc/ufw, make sure these lines are the last line for each table modified:
# don't delete the 'COMMIT' line or these rules won't be processed
COMMIT

For each Table a corresponding COMMIT statement is required. In these examples only the nat and filter tables are shown, but you can also add rules for the raw and mangle tables.
[Note]

In the above example replace eth8 and 192.168.0.0/24 with the appropriate interfaces and IP range for your network.
Finally, disable and re-enable ufw to apply the changes:
sudo ufw disable && sudo ufw enable

IP Masquerading should now be enabled. You can also add any additional FORWARD rules to the /etc/ufw/before.rules. It is recommended that these additional rules be added to the ufw-before-forward chain.


Start-up / Reboot scripts for different users

I'm not completely sure if this is what you are looking for, but I believe .profile is run on boot for the individual user.

I hope this helps for half your problem, though if you are logging the user simultaneously , I don't believe it will work sequentially.

Ubuntu .profile

A way I use to check processes is with python scripts. I don't know if its possible to do loose checks in bash but I know in python you can try using Popen to run the terminal command

ps aux | grep the-process

as such

p = subprocess.Popen(('ps', 'aux'), stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
g = subprocess.Popen(("grep", "the-process"), stdin=p.stdout, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)

And it will return you a list of the running processes with that name. Run a check and then you can have it loop until it becomes true.

Hope this also helps.


Standby sometimes needs hard reset on Ubuntu 14.04

After I removed the grub options "i915.modeset=1 nouveau.modeset=0" standby worked again.
Also with reenabling locking after standby it continued to work.


Try the following two commands:

sudo pear channel-discover pear.pearplex.net
sudo pear install pearplex/PHPExcel


Vim's command to create a new file with the same content of any other file

Just open first.txt and run the command:

:w second.txt


Go to your home folder & press " ctrl + h " to view hidden folders

copy & backup " .thunderbird " folder

Inside .thunderbird you should see a bunch of files and folders named Cache, Mail, ImapMail etc

If not, then you have relocated your profile folder.

Your actual profile folder is defined in a file named 'profiles.ini'

Open it with a text viewer/editor and you will see something like this:

[General]
StartWithLastProfile=1

[Profile0]
Name=Default User
IsRelative=0
Path=/media/diskF/ThunderbirdMail/5mu9j6vu.default
Default=1

The 'Path' is the real folder to backup.


Grub will replace your boot-loader and it will look like a standard Linux GRUB menu. You can however make Linux OR Windows as your default after successfully installing Linux.
Let Ubuntu installer handle partitioning. You do not need to create partitions manually before installation. Ubuntu installer will provide visual tool where you simply slide and adjust the space desired to Linux and Windows. The gui partition tool/installer will handle the rest and update GRUB boot menu. You can not have the Windows boot-loader BUT it will boot to both OS just fine.


Custom LightDM sessions to launch an application

Have you looked at gnome startup applications?  It's possible it won't work running a pretty naked install like that. gnome-session-properties Is the generic way to do it.  Let me know if it doesn't work and I'll delete it.


Since the title of this question is about shutter memory usage, I'll add my 2¢:

I use shutter heavily. After noticing huge memory usage, like 4GB or more, I tried restarting, but the usage always came back.

Then I noticed that it has the notion of a session -- you may need to periodically click File -> Close All, then restart (e.g. File -> Quit, reopen), to clear up the memory usage.

Maybe this is obvious to some, but the other screencap programs I've used don't have the notion of a persistent session, so this caught me off guard.


Unknown display besides laptop Built-in display. Old question but with no answers

I have finally found a working solution in these two questions:
one,
two

Basically one needs to edit sudo gedit /etc/default/grub and replace

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

by

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="video=VGA-2:d"

where VGA-2 is the name of the incorrectly connected display shown by xrandr.

Run

sudo update-grub

and reboot


Try using something like synaptic,another package manager,which you can install that by running

sudo apt install synaptic


Command not found after installing p7zip

figured it out!

the path in the bin file was pointing to the wrong place.

i needed to switch the direction from the

usr/local/lib/p7zip/

directory to

usr/lib/p7zip/

directory....


Cisco AnyConnect (VPN) connection always forgets username

It is a bug of gnome's network manager. It has been reported here and here, so the only solution is to wait until a fix is available or to contribute to fix the bug.


apt-get source libc6
nano eglibc*/string/strlen.c


Could not load either windows 10 or Ubuntu 16 after installing Ubuntu

the best dual boot using Virtualbox
click here to download : https://www.virtualbox.org/
while you are downloading....

watched this ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncA85gRAJxk


Download specific file from a torrent using a cli client

Selecting individual files using the command line is a feature of the transmission-remote command, provided by the transmission-cli package.
Lat's take a look at that command's manpage:
-f --files
   Get a file list for the current torrent(s)
-g --get all | file-index | files
   Mark file(s) for download. all marks all all of the torrent's files for
   downloading, file-index adds a single file to the download list, and files
   adds multiple files to the download list, such as "-g1,3-5" to add files
   #1, #3, #4, and #5 to the download list.
-G --no-get all | file-index | files


Try this solution at this blog or this one

  Excerpt from the answer at ubuntugeek.com

  Install Brightness indicator on ubuntu
  Download deb package from here  and install by double clicking on it.
  After installing the package, add the program to your startup    programs:

  Run System Settings » Startup Applications » ‘Add’
  Name: indicator-brightness

  Command:    /opt/indicator-brightness/indicator-brightness.py

  Comment: optional
  Click ‘Add’.

  Screenshot:


Run this command,

sudo cp -r rails_tutorial_sublime_text/* ~/.config/sublime-text-2/Packages/User/

or

sudo cp -Ri rails_tutorial_sublime_text/* ~/.config/sublime-text-2/Packages/User/


not able to boot ubuntu after installation of it alongside windows 7 completes!

Try tapping some keyboard buttons which will show you OS to boot. Different motherboards have different buttons assigned to them. Mine is "space". As I press it on boot it gives me option to choose OS to boot. You can search for yours by searching 'choose OS on startup dual boot'.


Can't boot to windows 8 after Ubuntu 14.04.2 install

From the file you uploaded at paste.ubuntu.com, I see that you must see GRUB that allow you to select between Ubuntu and windows.

If you can see grub2 during booting, you can select windows from there.

If you don't see GRUB , try pressing Esc key repeatedly just after you turn on your device. This may help you enter the GRUB.

Also try this

Boot into ubuntu. Open terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+t.
enter sudo update-grub. press Enter key.
reboot.


How to make terminal windows half-transparent in Unity 2d?

Start the terminal, goto the Menu bar -> Edit -> Profiles, click on the Default profile, then Edit, click on the Background tab. The bottom half of the window lets you mess with transparency. YMMV


Auto-Mount SD-card formatted as ext4 on ubuntu touch

I have ext2 partition on my sd card and I want automount for this partition. Here is my solution for Ubuntu Touch BQ Aquaris m10.

At first, we make a system partition writable:

sudo touch /userdata/.writable_image

After doing this system will reboot.
Then, we edit /lib/init/fstab:

sudo nano /lib/init/fstab

and add this string in bottom:

/dev/mmcblk1p2  /home/phablet/mnt/sd      ext2            defaults,noatime,nodiratime,errors=remount-ro 0 2

Then, we make system partition read-only again:

sudo rm /userdata/.writable_image

And rebooting:

sudo shutdown -r now

It works!


Why are the *.04 releases supported for three years and the *.10 releases aren't?

Canonical has Long Term Support releases that are supported for three years on the desktop and 5 years on servers. These are released every two years on even numbered April releases. (So your comment about April releases is only half right. For example, 9.04 wasn't an LTS release but 10.04 was).

Canonical does this to ensure that people will have support (security fixes, backported drivers, etc) of their operating system for a long period of time, while enabling Canonical to have major releases on a comparatively fast and regular schedule. (There aren't many other operating systems that put out releases every six months).

It's great for server admins as well as large adopters of the system because they don't need to upgrade as frequently and they have a long term upgrade schedule ahead of time.

Note: from 12.04LTS, the LTS-versions are supported for 5 years

More info:

What's the difference between a Long Term Support Release and a Normal Release?


Backlight goes off during Ubuntu installation

Firstly try to increase or decrease the brightness (Using keyboard hot keys) if it is not working
Use a external monitor for installation (or you can use a torch light to see what's going on the screen), after installation boot the Ubuntu and do the following changes.

you need to make this changes permanent by editing /etc/default/grub
Do this by typing in the terminal:

Press Control+Alt+t (It will opens the terminal)

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

This will open a text file that you can then edit. It could also ask for your admin password which you should provide.
Find a line that looks like this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiete splash"

Now edit it to look like this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiete splash acpi_osi=Linux"

Save the file and then update grub2 by typing in the command line:

sudo update-grub2

After it is done, reboot the system and it should be done (Try to increase the brightness).

NOTE:
You may also need to edit another file especially if the login screen is dim and requires the use of the brightness buttons.To keep it permanent, you will have to edit /etc/rc.local. Open the file by typing in the CLI (command line interface):

sudo gedit /etc/rc.local

Look at the end section of the file and just before the line ‘exit 0;‘, add this line of code:

setpci -s 00:02 F4.B=00

This should solve all of your problems for all except that when the machine goes into sleep mode, you will have to use the brightness button of your machine to bring it back on.


How can I autolaunch an specific folder at start?

Open the dash, type in 'startup applications' and run it. Add a new startup app entry with the command nautilus /path/to/desired/folder.


Where is the option to switch desktop environments at login in Ubuntu Studio with Cinnamon also installed?

There's no rule that all distributions must have exactly the same way to show log-in options.

For example, both Lubuntu 18.04 and Xubuntu 18.04 have that option in their panels. In the image below, I have the panel on top, and clicking on the appropriate icon shows me my log-in options:

Lubuntu 18.10 (which has LXQt as its desktop environment), looks like this:

Whereas Kubuntu 19.04 has the option in the lower left corner:

If you still don't see any such icon to click on, please edit your question to post the output of ls /usr/share/xsessions.


Slow and freezy 13.04 system under Nvidia graphics

Use the Nvidia driver.  It worked for me!  Go to Software & Updates, than Additional Drivers.  I chose the first option Using NVIDIA binary Xorg..... from nvidia-304


Unmet Dependencies while Installing default-jre

Use aptitude instead of apt,

sudo apt-get install aptitude
sudo aptitude -f install


Differences between /bin, /sbin, /usr/bin, /usr/sbin, /usr/local/bin, /usr/local/sbin

Please refer to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) for Linux for this.

/bin : For binaries usable before the /usr partition is mounted. This is used for trivial binaries used in the very early boot stage or ones that you need to have available in booting single-user mode. Think of binaries like cat, ls, etc.
/sbin  : Same, but for binaries with superuser (root) privileges required.
/usr/bin : Same as first, but for general system-wide binaries.
/usr/sbin : Same as above, but for binaries with superuser (root) privileges required.

  if I'm writing my own scripts, where should I add these?

None of the above. You should use /usr/local/bin or /usr/local/sbin for system-wide available scripts. The local path means it's not managed by the system packages (this is an error for Debian/Ubuntu packages).

For user-scoped scripts, use ~/bin (a personal bin folder in your home directory).

The FHS says for /usr/local:

  Tertiary hierarchy for local data, specific to this host. Typically has further subdirectories, e.g., bin/, lib/, share/.


Request for a guide on setting up Apple Aluminium keyboard on Ubuntu 16.04

see

http://askubuntu.com/questions/296155/how-can-i-remap-keyboard-keys

http://askubuntu.com/questions/133113/emulate-keypad-on-laptop/142339#142339

http://askubuntu.com/questions/24916/how-do-i-remap-certain-keys-or-devices

http://wiki.linuxquestions.org/wiki/List_of_keysyms

terminal > xev > press key > view keycode xxx

then remap

xmodmap -e "keycode xxx = [event]"

[event]=Print, Scroll_Lock, Pause


BlueTooth shown in `lshw` but not activated

On of these helped:

root@hk:~# modprobe btintel
root@hk:~# modprobe bnep
root@hk:~# modprobe bluetooth
root@hk:~# modprobe brcmfmac
root@hk:~# modprobe brcmutil
root@hk:~# modprobe realtek
root@hk:~# modprobe evdev

hcitool dev still shows nothing, but hciconfig -a now shows:

hci0:   Type: Primary  Bus: USB
        BD Address: 00:27:13:6D:4C:DF  ACL MTU: 1017:8  SCO MTU: 64:8


Ubuntu WiFi/Shutdown problems on Lattepanda

I'm no expert regarding Linux and BIOS but facing some issues to get Android working completely on LattePanda 4/64 myself.

So far it boots and runs fine except for bluetooth and sound.

At least I found this following post which allowed me to enable wifi on my LattePanda

Regarding sound I found the following tips to try this evening:

Enter BIOS Setup
Go to Chipset -> South Bridge -> Audio Configuration
Change LPE Audio Support to LPE Audio PCI mode

Source: https://github.com/libretro/Lakka/issues/398


Plugins missing in Firefox 4 whith dual 3.6 & 4 installed

I have tested the plugin on a 32bit FF 4 installed via ppa and it works. So all you would need is a proper symlink to the plugins folder of your Firefox installation or ~/.mozilla/plugins. Are you sure you have downloaded Firefox 64bit? If you are using a 32bit browser on a 64bit system the plugins won't work. Flash works because you have used Flash-Aid, which is capable of detecting a 32bit browser on 64bit system and download the proper plugin architecture.


The solution was in man terminator_config. In my particular solution was to define

export XDG_CONFIG_HOME="/tmp";

as part of my own script, then at the very last part of the script
invoke the terminator instance, this way the variable will be only defined inside that bash/terminal instance (and its childs) and will not contaminate the default terminator's behavior. Below a pseudo-code example:

many_ssh_terminals.sh:

 export XDG_CONFIG_HOME="/tmp";
 mkdir > /tmp/terminator;
 write_config_with_layout > /tmp/terminator/config;
 terminator -l tmp_layout


Lacking data, I must guess that you are getting your IP Address via   DHCP from the ADSL router. Check for a short "lease time". If this is the case, fix it on the ADSL router. Use the command:

zgrep dhclient /var/log/syslog*

to investigate.


It's a little unclear what you are asking, but regardless of whether you want to end up with linux or windows or something else, you typically want to run the installer for the operating system of choice and select to "replace the entire drive" with the new operating system.  This will normally re-partition and format everything so you start from scratch, it's not technical at all.  If you want to end up with linux, then run the linux install from media (DVD or USB or etc) and select the option like that.  For windows, same story.

If you are attempting to add your drive as a separate drive under an existing operating system, it may be set to be the primary boot device so you end up booting into it.  You said you already tried to boot from DVD media, but as another person already said, if the media is bad it would move on to the next option.  You can probably press F8 or F12 or something like that from your POST screen to select your preferred boot device, you will need to read your BIOS documentation or look closely at the POST screen when your computer first starts to display content after a restart.  POST is the computer's very first screen (Power On Self Test) if you didn't know.  You can normally press DEL or F2 to get into BIOS and some other key like F8 or F12 often to get into a boot selection menu.  I think not all BIOS systems support that though.


Directories aren't on the beginning of the view in Nautilus file manager, how to change this?

First open Files (Nautilus) preferences by clicking "Files" next to the "Activities" button at the top left (when you have a Files window in focus) and selecting 'Preferences'. Alternatively, if the top bar application menu is disabled in your system, you would be able to access the preferences from the hamburger menu (three horizontal bars menu) of a Files window.

Then in the preferences window, under 'View' tab, you should find a "sort folders before files" option.


How do I duplicate a server's packages and configuration to another machine?

dpkg --get-selections > packlist.txt
cat packlist.txt | dpkg --set-selections
dselect install

For details on this command, check here on joys of programming

If you need the same users and passwords you should grab /etc/group /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow

If you need the user data you need to copy /home (it's usually HUGE, so it was left out of the original post)


How can I make my Kindle as writeable File-System?

~$ mount

output parts
 /dev/sdb on /media/yourusername/Kindle type vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1000,gid=1000,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,showexec,utf8,flush,errors=remount-ro,uhelper=udisks2)

Then type
sudo fsck.vfat -r /dev/sdb

output
[sudo] password for yourusername:
fsck.fat 4.1 (2017-01-24)
0x41: Dirty bit is set. Fs was not properly unmounted and some data may be corrupt.
1) Remove dirty bit
2) No action
?

Type 1
And follow the instructions.


Hard Disk's Swap Partition Inactive and Ext4 Partition Not Automounting at Boot

Your /etc/fstab entries are not correct

UUID=c64572a8-9c34-45d6-9086-eaeb49bf9d03 /ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
UUID=e514c398-4915-41a5-8c9c-b5ae368c918a /home/pete/DataStore auto nosuid,nodev,nofail 0 0

According to man page of /etc/fstab the correct format is

# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
LABEL=t-home2   /home      ext4    defaults,auto_da_alloc      0 2

On the first line there should be space between / and ext4

UUID=c64572a8-9c34-45d6-9086-eaeb49bf9d03 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1

On the second line there try to use ext4 instead of auto

UUID=e514c398-4915-41a5-8c9c-b5ae368c918a /home/pete/DataStore ext4 nosuid,nodev,nofail 0 0

There is no entry for your swap partition in /etc/fstab. First you have to find swap UUID with command sudo blkid

$ sudo blkid
/dev/sda5: UUID="vvvvvvvv-wwww-xxxx-yyyy-zzzzzzzzzzzz" TYPE="swap"
/dev/sda1: UUID="vvvvvvvv-wwww-xxxx-yyyy-zzzzzzzzzzzz" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="vvvvvvvv-wwww-xxxx-yyyy-zzzzzzzzzzzz" TYPE="ext4"

Add entry for swap in /etc/fstab

UUID=vvvvvvvv-wwww-xxxx-yyyy-zzzzzzzzzzzz none swap defaults 0 0

You can test your /etc/fstab settings on the fly with

sudo mount -a

Before using this command unmount partition you have changed in /etc/fstab


Mozilla ThunderBird not Working with Microsoft Exchange

If you want to use thunderbird as a mail client for an exchange server you will have to enable IMAP on the the exchange server.
If you do not want to use IMAP, or if you can not persuade your system administrator to enable IMAP on the exchange server, you will have to either:

use DAVMAIL with thunderbird
use Evolution with the MAPI plugin as a mail client


How can I choose the Zoom virtual background feature using Ubuntu?

As of writing this, Zoom does not support person/face-detection based virtual background in their Linux-version software.  The solution below helps achieve the similar effect, and since it creates a virtual webcam, you can most likely use this solution for any apps that use a webcam, for example, Microsoft Teams.  These instructions were originally posted by @BenTheElder, and IMO is a super fun and neat project, especially if you are into computer vision.
https://elder.dev/posts/open-source-virtual-background/
What the code is doing essentially is grabbing image frames with Python and OpenCV.  For each image, the face/body is cropped using TensorFlow.js Bodypix, and merged with the specified background. The modified images are then used to create the video feed via pyfakewebcam and v4l2loopback.  I have tested the below instructions with Ubuntu 20.04, code used is archived in https://github.com/pangyuteng/virtual-background
branch master requires GPU, while branch cpu-friendly uses only CPU.
EDIT: after getting the below to work, I also found out there is a more refined version by fangfufu https://github.com/fangfufu/Linux-Fake-Background-Webcam which is also based on @BenTheElder's solution.
--

install docker (https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu)

(for those using GPU) install nvidia-docker (https://github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-docker)

(for those using GPU) test nvidia-docker is installed properly

docker run --gpus all nvidia/cuda:10.0-base nvidia-smi

install and setup virtual video device as "/dev/video20", and assuming the actual video device is "/dev/video0"

sudo apt-get upgrade -y
sudo apt-get install -y v4l2loopback-dkms v4l2loopback-utils

sudo modprobe -r v4l2loopback
sudo modprobe v4l2loopback devices=1 video_nr=20 card_label="v4l2loopback" exclusive_caps=1

add root to group video (likely unecessary...)

sudo usermod -aG video root
cat /etc/group | grep video

clone repo

git clone git@github.com:pangyuteng/virtual-background.git vbkgd
cd vbkgd

(for those using CPU) switch branch.

git checkout cpu-friendly

build containers

docker-compose build

(optional) adjust camera resolution and fps in docker-compose.yml
start the virtual camera via docker-compose (assuming physical video device at /dev/video0, virtual video device at /dev/video20 and gpu at /dev/nvidia0)

docker-compose up

launch zoom/teams/slack..., select v4l2loopback as webcam

live swap background by replacing file data/background.jpg - refresh rate hard coded at 3 seconds.


May I ask how old is your computer and is your computer Bluetooth ready? meaning do you already have the BlueTooth adapters installed on your machine.

What distro of Ubuntu are you currently running on your computer?


ctmconv, zenity and filenames with spaces

For some very odd reason , ctmconv doesn't recognize quoted variables as one entity if their contents contain spaces. (Which may also be a worthwhile to report this behavior as a bug to the developers).

I suggest you use any text-editing tool , such as sed or awk to insert backslash before space. For instance, something like this.

$ echo "with space" | sed 's/\ /\\ /g'
with\ space

In case of your variable, something like this will do:

$ file="with space"
$ file="$( echo $file | sed 's/\ /\\ /g'  )"
$ echo "$file"
with\ space


How can I setup an encrypted home directory or encrypted disk using TPM?

According to
http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man4/tpm.4freebsd.html#contenttoc3

the Supported tpm modules are:

       ·   Atmel 97SC3203
       ·   Broadcom BCM0102
       ·   Infineon IFX SLD 9630 TT 1.1 and IFX SLB 9635 TT 1.2
       ·   Intel INTC0102
       ·   Sinosun SNS SSX35
       ·   STM ST19WP18
       ·   Winbond WEC WPCT200

If your chip is supported then a good starting point for tpm 1.2 would be

http://www.ranzbak.nl/tpmluks/

In any other case (Support for TPM 2.0 is still incomplete as far as i know) you could alternatively just use encrypted luks and store the password on a removable usb key that you could carry with you.


You need to be running compiz to drag windows across your virtual desktops.

Metacity doesn't have this behaviour (by default anyway), although you can change what workspace a window is on by right clicking the title bar.

To enable compiz:

Go to System -> Administration -> Hardware Drivers and make sure you have graphics drivers (if available) installed and enabled.
Right Click on the desktop and click 'change desktop background' or go to System -> Preferences Appearance
Click the 'Visual Effects' tab, select custom and click 'Preferences'
Edit your compiz preferences. You can choose Edge behaviour in the 'Edge' tab. Also enabling the Desktop Cube in the 'Desktop' tab allows you to drag windows between desktops.


ubuntu 14.04 crontab does not run simple scripts

Check root's home directory, the directory test_folder is created there, precisely /root/test_folder. Note that, you have put the script in root's cron table by doing sudo crontab -e so the directory would be /root/test_folder.

cron defaults to the home directory of the running user (root in this case) before running any task, so as you have a relative path i.e. only test_folder, the directory will be created in root's home directory.

This is also similar to other cases where relative paths are used inside a script, and one runs the script from another location; The PWD will always refer to the directory from where the script is being run, not where the script is stored.

Note that, the exit at the end is redundant.


I can't get click and drag to work with my Wacom Bamboo P&T

Since click and drag works in the login-screen it must be some per-user thing. I used to have kde-config-tablet, which offered me a GUI for configuring the tablet inside of the control center, installed. After removing this package, clicking and dragging started to work.

This solved my problem:

sudo apt-get purge kde-config-tablet


You may have missing keys, this can easily be solved but first you need to run update to see what the missing key is.

sudo apt-get update

You will now get an error saying that some public key is not available. To add it just run:

sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com <key>

Replace  with the key that the error when you did apt-get update showed. Example, Ubuntu default repositories key is 437D05B5

sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 437D05B5


How will GNOME 3.8 Classic Mode composite should I use it with Compiz?

fallback is removed from 3.8 An alternative called flashback is in.

How well it plays with compiz I do not know; but on archlinux it seems to not work so I just use a custom gnome-session for compiz instead of the gnome-flashback thing.


A quick and dirty way to disable the keyboard may be to use evtest to grab it. Then events are delivered to the test program, and no longer pass through to the graphics server.

$ sudo evtest --grab /dev/input/event4 >/dev/null

You must leave this program running all the time.

A more difficult way to disable the device is by adding a udev rule for it that sets ID_INPUT to empty, so that libinput will ignore it. I have not tried the following, so use it as a guide to explore rather than a definitive solution.

First, list the udev info for the event device that is the keyboard, eg:

$ udevadm info /dev/input/event4
...
E: ID_INPUT=1
E: ID_INPUT_KEY=1
E: ID_INPUT_KEYBOARD=1
E: ID_SERIAL=05f3_0007

You now have to find something that will uniquely identify your device. Typically this is a usb vendor and product id (as in the ID_SERIAL above). The E: prefix means this variable is set in the udev environment, so in a udev rule you should say you want to match ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="05f3_0007".

However, for your laptop you will probably need to find something else to match on.
You can search higher up the tree of devices to find a parent with an
attribute that is easier to match for:

$ udevadm info -a /dev/input/event4
...
looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/.../input/input4':
  KERNELS=="input4"
  SUBSYSTEMS=="input"
  ATTRS{name}=="HID 05f3:0007"
  ...

So, instead a udev rule matching on ID_SERIAL, you could match on ATTRS{name}=="HID 05f3:0007" instead.  In your case I would expect something like ATTRS{name}=="AT Translated Set 2 keyboard".

Once you have found a suitable match, create your own file /etc/udev/rules.d/99-my.rules (start with 99 to make your rule last) with your overriding rule to reset the ID_INPUT value to empty. Be strict with the format of this file. Note how all the conditions are comparisons with == except the last which is an assignment with a single =.

ACTION=="add|change", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="05f3_0007", ENV{ID_INPUT}=""

or more probably for you:

ACTION=="add|change", ATTRS{name}=="AT Translated Set 2 keyboard", ENV{ID_INPUT}=""

Normally the change to a file should be noticed automatically by udev, but if not do sudo udevadm control --reload. You can then try to trigger a change of the device:

$ sudo udevadm trigger --action=change /dev/input/event4

I'm not sure how this works for a fixed device, as usually for usb devices you can simply unplug it and plug it in again, so you may need to reboot.

You can monitor what udev is doing with udevadm monitor.


I can't ssh in from outside my network, but I can from inside

If you can connect from your local network, Ubuntu most likely has nothing to do with it - it's a network configuration issue.

Many ISPs block incoming connections on "unusual" ports (or all incoming connections). Some ISPs have a setting in their control panel enabling/disabling port blocking.

As a diagnostic - try exposing port 80 (Apache running some webpage) - I'm almost sure you'll find it doesn't work either.

You can also fiddle with modem settings (how do you know you forwarded "the correct port"?), but this would only help after you triple-checked your provider doesn't block you.


dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe) nginx

Run the below commands on your terminal,

sudo dpkg -P nginx-common
sudo apt-get install -f

If it's shows any dependency problem when uninstalling the above nginx-common package, then purge    nginx-common package along with it's dependencies.

sudo apt-get purge nginx*

Before running the above command, don't forget to check  the dependency packages which are going to be purged along with nginx.

sudo apt-get purge -s nginx*


Select (loop) or command not working in shell-script

The Syntax error: "do" unexpected or Syntax error: "done" unexpected errors are almost certainly because you are trying to run your script by typing

sh yourscript

which overrides the #!/bin/bash directive and forces the script to be run in the /bin/sh interpreter - which by default is a symlink to /bin/dash, which doesn't support the select syntax. You should just make the script executable

chmod +x yourscript

and then invoke it as

./yourscript

The other obvious problem is that your option list uses lower case option1 option2 option3 but your case statement tests for Option1 Option2 Option3 - it should be

#/bin/bash
PS3='Please enter your choice '
select opt in option1 option2 option3 quit; do
     case "$opt" in
       "option1")
            echo "you chose choice 1" ;;
       "option2")
            echo "you chose choice 2" ;;
       "option3")
            echo "you chose choice 3" ;;
       "quit")
            break ;;
       *) echo invalid option ;;
    esac
done


Unable to install Github-Pages with gem?

Moved OP'solution left in the question into a Community Wiki Answer

  My end goal was to install Jekyll.  Github-pages was not cooperating.
  Instead, I installed Jekyll directly with:

gem install jekyll

  https://jekyllrb.com/docs/installation/


Libre office modifying/producing overlapping text which was from MS Word document

One of the possible reasons for this is : Unsupported fonts.

Step 1 : From Windows, copy this folder : C:\Windows\Fonts.

Step 2 : Create a new folder in /home directory with the name .fonts (dont forget the dot ".").

Step 3 : Copy the content inside Fonts of Windows to .fonts and also to /use/share/fonts (if you want to use them system wide).

Step 4 : Rebuild your font-cache with fc-cache -f -v or reboot.

Workaround : If you are not comfortable with LibreOffice, you can install MS Office using Wine (which is not a good idea).


Upgrading BIOS in my ASUS Vivobook R542UQ

Some laptops will clock down the RAM speed when you add more memory.
The old laptop I'm using came with 8 GB running at 1866 MHz but when I upgraded to 32 GB it went down to 1600 MHz. That is also stated in the specifications from Dell for the model I'm using.

You might want to check the manufacture specs on your model.

I don't think updating the BIOS will make any difference. But if you still want to try, you might give this procedure a go https://www.gamersnexus.net/guides/1572-how-to-flash-bios-on-asus-board


Ubuntu 13.04 on UEFI system with Windows Boot Manager as the main loader

AFAIK, you can't. To the best of my knowledge, the Windows boot loader doesn't provide any means to launch non-Windows EFI boot loaders. I could be wrong about this, though; I admit that my knowledge of the Windows boot loader is limited.

Instead, you can configure any of a number of EFI boot loaders and boot managers for Linux to handle the boot-selection job. When everything works fine, GRUB can do this job; but as of version 13.04, Ubuntu doesn't set up GRUB correctly for dual-booting when it installs. There can also be other problems caused by EFI bugs. To work around the Ubuntu GRUB configuration problem, two solutions are easiest:

Run Boot Repair on the system. If this works, it will re-install and reconfigure GRUB so that it can launch Windows.
Install my rEFInd boot manager. This is most easily done by installing the Debian package under Ubuntu. (Be sure that your ESP is mounted at /boot/efi, though.) Once installed, rEFInd should enable booting directly into Windows or directly into Linux, bypassing GRUB.

Note that neither of these solutions completely replaces the Windows boot loader; they both just make another boot program (GRUB or rEFInd) run before the Windows boot loader. You can stop reading here if you like, but some background may be helpful in understanding this:

When booting a multi-boot computer, a boot manager gives you a way to choose between two or more OSes, typically through a menu. Most EFIs include an awkward but built-in boot manager. rEFInd is also a boot manager, and GRUB includes a boot manager. A boot loader, by contrast, loads an OS kernel and any associated files and starts the kernel running. The EFI doesn't include a boot loader, so every OS must provide one. GRUB is a boot loader for Linux (but not for Windows) in addition to being a boot manager, the Linux kernel (since version 3.3.0) can function as its own boot loader, and Windows provides its own boot loader. rEFInd is not a boot loader; to boot Linux, it relies on the EFI stub loader or some other boot loader to load the kernel.

Thus, it's not possible to replace the Windows boot loader with GRUB, since GRUB is not a Windows boot loader. GRUB can use its boot manager features to chainload to the Windows boot loader, though.


Usually that's due to a bad file system on the USB drive, you can:
1)
Try to scan the USB drive for errors:
unmount the drive, then open a terminal with ctrl+alt+t and type:
sudo fsck /dev/sdb1

Assuming your USB drive to be at sdb1.
If something is wrong with the filesystem, some errors should popup, allowing you to fix it.

2)
Alternatively, you can use the terminal to mount the drive and try to access it, to check if any type of error is presented.

Make a destination folder somewhere (e.g., /mnt/sdb1)

unmount the drive (if mounted)

open a terminal with ctrl+alt+t

type: sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdb1 (assuming your USB drive to be at sdb1)

If you don't know the exact location of your USB drive on your system, you can:
Open a terminal with ctrl+alt+t and type:

To see a list of your USB devices type: lsusb
To see a super full information list, type: sudo lsusb -v


How do I force monitors to stay on even when on the lock screen on 15.04

Try installing and using xscreensaver. It does everything the gnome-screensaver screenlock does, except that the unlock menu is ugly. It also keeps signal going to your monitors. It's not exactly what you want, but it might work. Also, I don't know how energystar works, but maybe if you blank the screen, even if the monitor says its on, energystar will still take the initiative to put the monitor to sleep. If you're running a screensaver, there's definitely a signal.


Help with having Windows 7 and Linux on one laptop HDD?

Try wubi the official ubuntu windows installer it will install ubuntu on a different partition or even just inside a folder and you're computer will be able to boot to it. The windows boot manager is conserved. More info here: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/windows-installer


How to browse by album art in rhythmbox?

12.04 and later
Browse your coverart albums in Rhythmbox v2.96 and later

first the disclaimer - I am the co-author to this plugin!
How it works:

Click the new CoverArt source button (left hand side of screen)
Albums are displayed as clickable buttons containing their album cover
Right click menu option to play, queue & search for cover art for an album.

to search for missing covers

locale support is also available to display text in your native language - more details on how to help with the translation is on GitHub.

For full instructions see the projects Wiki:

https://github.com/fossfreedom/coverart-browser/wiki/How-the-plugin-works

For instructions on how to download great coverart:

https://github.com/fossfreedom/coverart-browser/wiki/How-to-find-great-coverart

how to install
The installation instructions cover the installation of each individual plugin.  If you prefer a PPA method skip to the bottom:
for rhythmbox 2.96 to 2.99.1:
sudo apt-get install git gettext python-mako python-lxml

for rhythmbox 3.0 or compiled from git:
sudo apt-get install git gettext python3-mako python3-lxml

Then install the coverart browser plugin for rhythmbox version 2.96 to 2.99.1:

rm -rf ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/plugins/coverart_browser
git clone https://github.com/fossfreedom/coverart-browser.git
cd coverart-browser
./install.sh

To install the coverart browser plugin for rhythmbox version 3.0 and later:

rm -rf ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/plugins/coverart_browser
git clone https://github.com/fossfreedom/coverart-browser.git
cd coverart-browser
./install.sh --rb3

To install the coverart search-providers plugin for rhythmbox 2.96 - 2.99:
sudo apt-get install git gettext python-mako python-mutagen python-requests

for rhythmbox 3.0 or compiled from git:
sudo apt-get install git gettext python3-mako python3-requests

Then install the coverart search-providers plugin:

rm -rf ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/plugins/coverart_search_providers
git clone https://github.com/fossfreedom/coverart-search-providers.git
cd coverart-search-providers

For rhythmbox 2.96 to 2.99:

./install.sh

For rhythmbox 3.0 or compiled from git:

./install.sh --rb3

Alternative installation - I've added this to my Rhythmbox PPA:

How do I install third-party rhythmbox plugins?


Install Drivers For Realtek 5208 Card Reader

This is an answer, rather than a question. If you are like me, chances are that you came here looking for the Realtek 5208 Card Reader Device. The Device ID for this card reader is: PCI\VEN_10EC&DEV_5209&SUBSYS_054C1025&REV_01

I know, you looked over the internet and it was a pain to get the card reader's name just by the device ID. It is weird. But don't worry! The solution is here!

Ubuntu 12.04 Does Not come preloaded with this device driver, so I found a Dell driver for this card reader and modified it so that it works universally(The Dell Driver was locked to the Dell laptops only)

So, if you would like to get the Realtek RTS 5208 working on your laptop, download the .zip archive from one of the links here:

http://www.multiupload.nl/RTELVLDLUF

http://depositfiles.com/files/hl04qzhwd

http://www.putlocker.com/file/3285529C3B4BBC93

http://www36.zippyshare.com/v/98999643/file.html

http://turbobit.net/e4o8lzkt5ju3.html

http://freakshare.com/files/46rly6cr/RTS-5208-By-Ishmum.zip.html

http://rapidgator.net/file/45306867/RTS_5208_By_Ishmum.zip.html

After you download the .zip archive, extract it and navigate to the /deb folder

Double click on the only .deb file that is there, and Ubuntu Software Center will open. Press install, and that will take about 3 minutes. After that, simply restart your computer and the card reader will start working! Happy Ubuntu-ing :)


Softaculous Ampps and Webuzo not working

Trash can is a folder under your Home called: .local/share/Trash

$ sudo chown -R $USER ~/.local/share/Trash

Will set the ownership of the files in the trash to the account you are using.  After that you should be able to empty the trash.


Try appending to PYTHONPATH instead of overwriting it completely.

export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/home/dev/python-files

References:

According to the the Python documentation on PYTHONPATH

  Augment the default search path for module files. [...]

  The default search path is installation dependent, but generally begins with prefix/lib/pythonversion (see PYTHONHOME above). It is always appended to PYTHONPATH.

meaning that some values exist in PYTHONPATH and the default search path is also only appended.

Additionally, this blog post (Archive.org link) also explains clearly why you need to append to PYTHONPATH and not overwrite it. Scrolling down to the section - Special cases and examining the search path explains it clearly (unfortunately no relative URL to that link so you'll have to scroll). Although the user gives the examples on a mac they are very much relevant to any platform


Unresponsive trackpad, keyboard and Blinking cursor in Ubuntu 14.04

Somehow the updates had been interrupted, due to which the packages were not properly configured.

To fix this problem, login through tty(CTRL+Alt+F1)

and type the command,

sudo dpkg --configure -a

This should fix all problems.


Why am I getting authentication errors for packages from an Ubuntu repository?

apt-key utility

apt-key is used to manage the list of keys used by apt to verify packages. Packages which have been verified using these keys will be considered trusted. To update the local keyring with the keyring of Ubuntu archive keys and removes from the keyring the archive keys which are no longer valid.

$ sudo apt-key update
$ sudo apt-get update

try install something...


Running binary from shell script creates core?

Executing this in a shell:

$ RESULT=binary args

will make the shell attempt to execute args in an environment where variable RESULT is set to the value binary. This will not be what you intended.

Apart from that: the only difference between executing a binary from a console shell and from a shell script invoked from that console shell would be in the values of environment variables.

The cause for the crashing binary could be anything, but a difference in PATH or LD_LIBRARY_PATH settings would be the most likely. Make sure you export these from your console shell, or set them explicitly in the script.


Found the solution:

Code:
gksudo gedit /usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.xfce.xfce4-notifyd.Notifications.service

After that change line :

Code:
Exec=/usr/lib/xfce4/notifyd/xfce4-notifyd

With:
Code:
Exec=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/notify-osd


How can a user avoid entering password on boot?

System → Administration → Login Screen. Unlock the dialog and choose what account to log in automatically as.


Mounted a disk, mount showing but disk unused

From the comments...
Create the user-specific mount points:
mkdir /home/sftpuser/backups/1
mkdir /home/sftpuser/backups/2

/etc/fstab:
UUID=859b995d-2562-4439-bb1a-65e62cd88b77 /home/sftpuser/backups/1    ext4    defaults,errors=remount-ro 0       2
UUID=d873bfb7-7329-44bc-973d-2a290f929648 /home/sftpuser/backups/2    ext4    defaults,errors=remount-ro 0       2

Note: see man fstab for more information.
Note: remember to locate your old backup files at /sftpuser/backups and delete them to regain your disk space.


It is likely started by a cronjob and it's running an indexer for locatedb.
While it's running it will make things slow, but it should only run daily, and shouldn't take too too terribly long.

See related info for Debian here (yours might be under a different cron than cron.daily): http://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2011/07/msg00678.html and http://forums.opensuse.org/english/get-technical-help-here/applications/448976-mysterious-find.html


Run htop and press F2 to enter the setup. Then select Colors on the left column and choose another theme.

If that doesn't work for you, you probably need to change the colors for the Terminal color scheme you are currently using.


USB Issues - WD19TB dock - Dell XPS 15 laptop - Ubuntu 20.04

Looks like powertop --auto-tune was causing USB autosuspend to occur when it shouldn't. Disabling powertop seems to have resolve it.


First of all, let me thanks to @Terrance the information he gave me on the previous comment.

The process of installation succeeded and the graphics display works perfectly (so far)!
However, I'm not sure if the driver was really installed, because there were some errors during the process. My intent here is to make a report of the PROCESS I made.

I must say, however, that the process I shall describe assumed all the possible risks, including the loss of data, the damage of the System and a possible full install of Kubuntu  18.04.
For those who want to try this, I strongly recommend a backup of its personal data!

STEP 1

It is always wise to read the information available before an attempt to do anything.
At this link (https://www.nvidia.com/Download/driverResults.aspx/71303/en-us ), the tab "Additional information" has some important information which is necessary to understand part of the installation process.
I strongly recommend README (http://us.download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/173.14.39/README/README.txt )

On "Chapter 2. Minimum Software Requirement" there are some software elements which must be verified/matched on Kubuntu 18.04:

linux kernel version: do a compare with supported versions:

sudo cat /proc/version

So far, there is no problem, as Kubuntu 18.04 kernel version is 4.15.0.

X.Org: do a compare with supported versions:

sudo Xorg -version

Here there is an issue. According to the driver supported versions, the last one declared is 1.15. Kubuntu 18.04 xorg version is 1.19.6, which is more recent and apparently don't comply with the versions for which the driver was made. However is said that "Sometimes very recent versions are not supported immediately following release, but we aim to support all new versions as soon as possible."

STEP 2

Place 'NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-173.14.39-pkg2.run' on /Home/User folder, for commodity.

STEP 3

Enable Kubuntu 18.04 to start in shell mode.

sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target
(...)
sudo reboot

Disable (blacklist) nouveau (see info here).

sudo bash -c "echo blacklist nouveau > /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nvidia-nouveau.conf"
sudo bash -c "echo options nouveau modeset=0 >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nvidia-nouveau.conf"
cat /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nvidia-nouveau.conf
(...)
sudo reboot

STEP 4

Build the NVIDIA kernel module (I wonder if this was really necessary, as the compilation failed):

sudo apt install binutils
(...)
sudo apt install gcc
(...)
sudo apt install make
(...)
sudo apt install dkms       #Contribution by @Terrance
(...)
sudo reboot

STEP 5

(The moment of truth...) Autocompile and install 'NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-173.14.39-pkg2.run'.

sudo sh NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-173.14.39-pkg2.run
(...)
Building kernel module error
#Compilation didn't succeed - WTF!!!!

At this moment I gave up! I was prepared to a clean install of Kubuntu 18.04.

STEP 6

Replace the GUI interface:

sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target
(...)
sudo reboot

STEP 7

Funny thing!
The system booted with a perfect GUI which I've never seen!
After several tests, everything was working perfectly and with no lags.

In conclusion, what were the processes I left with no recovery?

the Xorg and the nouveau, I think.

CONCLUSION

I'm not a technician, and frankly I don't really care what happened in technical terms that lead to put my NVIDIA Quadro FX 1300 back to work on Kubuntu 18.04.
Maybe some technicians can answer to those questions in detail. Is up to them.

The fact is that that old graphics card is working and for me it's great!
Probably this process may function on any nvidia-173 GPU. However, that testings will be for someone who wants to give a try using this process.

I hope, however, that the system be stable enough after a new Kubuntu upgrade.

Cheers.


Unable to install AdbeRdr9.5.5-1_i386linux_enu.deb on Ubuntu 14.04

There is a conflict. Remove the package acroread-bin first

sudo apt-get remove acroread-bin

After that, start the installation again

sudo gdebi AdbeRdr9.5.5-1_i386linux_enu.deb


You could set the max CPU frequencies to a setting just under the turbo boost - attached is the code I use in rc.local

echo 1 > /sys/module/processor/parameters/ignore_ppc

for x in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-3]/cpufreq/;do
  echo 2501000 > $x/scaling_max_freq
done

In my system the speed of 250100 is a turbo speed, non-turbo being 2500000

Charles Green


You might need to blacklist the module in question, first, try to unload the module from your RAM.

sudo modprobe -r lis3lv02d

If it doesn't work, you can try to identify which module enable your motion sensor with the following command

sudo cat /proc/bus/input/devices

Finally, if your blacklist command fixed the issue, make the change permanent with

editor /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

And add the following line at the end of the file (probably empty)

blacklist lis3lv02d


Keyboard is not allowing me to finish installation

On one of my computers, I had problems with the normal keyboard. It would work a bit and then stop working. As if the OS was not accepting events from that serial port. This is a PS/2 port. Once everything is installed, though, the keyboard works just fine at all time.

I have another USB keyboard which is really large so we don't use it otherwise, but using that keyboard worked like a charm. So if you have another keyboard you could try that.

One reason the OS may get confused is that one of the USB port has a tablet. When I installed that other keyboard I disconnected the tablet. Later I thought that may have been the issue. But I had to fix the boot hard drive the other day and disconnected the tablet and rebooted and the keyboard did not work right again.

I don't recall any such problems before 18.04. It's something new.


No settings in System Settings app in 16.04

I had that problem i think, there were only a few options on the settings. I found out that XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP can be set to something wrong, so the settings doesnt appear. I created a script which just unsets the XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP variable, and then it works.

#!/bin/sh
unset XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP
unity-control-center


Dell XPS 9300 Running Ubuntu 20.04: screen goes blank for 2 seconds whenever there is media on chromium or a notification sound

Edit:

I am no longer seeing these issues. I updated all of my software including firmware via "Ubuntu Software". My current firmware version is "1.0.7". I'm not certain this was the fix.

Original:

This is only a stop-gap solution that I'm using for now. You can try disabling the audio output in your BIOS and use bluetooth or USB headphones instead.

Here's an extra detail about they symptoms I saw. Whenever a notification would come along, the screen would go black for two seconds and the audio wouldn't play until the screen came back on.


How to make bootable pendrive to install ubuntu os?

You can download copy of ubuntu iso at http://www.ubuntu.com.

For a pen drive installation,
The motherboard has to support booting from a USB flash/pen/key drive. Please consult your BIOS manufacture reference for more details.

An image is a copy of a cd/dvd that can be directly used for burning/mounting. Its more like a zip file or you can say a single file representation of a whole cd/dvd. There are some more features. Like - Copying contents of a cd/dvd and burning them won't make the cd/dvd bootable.  There are special flags with image file, that causes the cd to be bootable after burning.


How to access internal hard drive from Ubuntu live USB?

When you say you "cleaned disk 0" I'm really hoping that doesn't mean you deleted the partition table from disk 0. If that is the case, do not panic as there are ways of getting it back. BUT DON'T TOUCH ANYTHING. This is now a data recovery issue so the less you touch the drive the more data you will get back.

Newer versions of gparted have a tool to recover hard drive partitions but I still recommend dedicated tools to do that. Before you do anything however, you should clarify the current situation by booting into your USB, running gparted, and either posting a screen shot of that drive or listing exactly what partitions exist and their sizes / formats.


Although you say "it should be different" you neglect to say what output you expect. As far as I know, the possible interpretations of ? in a regular expression are:

In a basic regular expression (BRE), ? is a literal question mark; since your input contains no such characters, the output of grep 's.*?l' new will be empty.
In an extended regular expression (ERE), ? is a quantifier meaning zero or one of the previous regex atom. In that case, .*? means "zero or more single characters (.*), repeated zero or one time (?)" - this is equivalent to .*, and hence egrep 's.*?l' and egrep 's.*l' will produce identical output.
In a perl compatible regular expression (PCRE), ? is a greediness modifier, such that .*? in s.*?l matches the shortest sequence of characters between s and l whereas the greedy s.*l matches the longest such sequence. Hence

$ grep -P 's.*?l' new
Shane is a little to play ball
       ^^^^^

while

$ grep -E 's.*?l' new
Shane is a little to play ball
       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

For simple cases, you can achieve "laziness" without the PCRE ? modifier by using a negated character set i.e.

grep 's[^l]*l' new

will match s followed by any characters except l, followed by l.

ASIDE: egrep is technically deprecated - you should get in the habit of using use plain grep for BRE, grep -E for ERE, and grep -P for PCRE.


Bluetooth mouse cursor often disappears from screen or just stuck

This is fixable I guess. You need to disable bt_coex option in iwlwifi since it does not work well. Wi-Fi randomly blocks the BT.

Run in a terminal

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi-opt.conf <<< "options iwlwifi bt_coex_active=N"

and reboot.


Ok, i found out of this.
At first I tried to run:

g910-led -a 0000ff

Where 0000ff is the color in hex format.

And got a response that said: Matching or compatible device not found !

After a while I got some help from the creator himself at githubhttps://github.com/MatMoul/g810-led/issues/140

He said that all I have to do was to run the command as sudo liek this:

sudo g910-led -a 0000ff

Then I goot all my keys blue.


It sounds like the name is still stored in the bash shell's program name cache: if so, you can remove it by typing

hash -d codeblocks

or (to clear the entire cache)

hash -r

Since hash is a shell built-in function, it is documented under the bash manual page (man bash) or via the online help function help hash.


It is likely that the process that hogs the CPU is not a program you are running but a system process.

To see other processes in the System Monitor go to the menu (vertical 3 lines at the top) and select the option "All Processes" instead of the the default "My Processes"

If you like to see these in text (which will also be more convenient to cut and paste in questions) you can use the ps command to list processes:

Open a terminal (ctrl+alt+t)
write ps -el' to get a list of running processes
writetop` to monitor processes and cpu

Using this will help to identify the process that uses resources and look for a more specific solution.


I'm having the same exact issue.

I am using the Mojave GTK shell theme (https://github.com/vinceliuice/Mojave-gtk-theme).

I got it fixed by uninstalling (reverting) their GDM theme and rebooting:

cd Mojave-gtk-theme
sudo ./install.sh -r


How to install BURG in dual boot Windows7/Ubuntu 12.10?

You can install Burg and Grub-Customizer (which also supports burg) by running the following commands.

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:n-muench/burg &&
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer &&
sudo apt-get -qq update &&
sudo apt-get install burg burg-themes grub-customizer

Use the program Grub-Customizer to edit, re-order or hide entries you don't want displayed. You can also adjust more complex settings like the resolution and default boot item.

You can then use burg-emu to "preview" your how your Burg installation will work, and change the theme if yuo wish. More information can be found in the tutorial How to make your Dual Boot better with Burg.

If you find your computer unable to boot for whatever reason, you can re-instate Grub with the help of the tutorial How to Repair, Restore, or Reinstall Grub 2 with a Ubuntu Live CD or USB.


Install Windows 10 on a second hard drive (HDD Caddy) alongside Ubuntu

Install Windows on the second hard drive (Caddy)
As per Windows 10 Fix video here, I recommend you watch it, but here is the video description with some clarification:
1. When the error occurs, press Shift+F10 to open CMD.
2. When the Command Prompt window opens, run these commands one by one:

diskpart

list disk

select disk X (X: Select the system disk you use)

clean

create partition primary size=5000

format fs=ntfs

assign

active

list volume
(find out the drive letter of both the USB device and the partition you just created)
exit

cd D: (change directory to the USB flash drive)

xcopy D: C:/e /h /k (Copy all the Windows installation files from USB drive to C: drive)
3. You can now close Command Prompt and unplug the installation USB drive from computer and restart. After that, start the installation process again.

These commands created a new partition on the second drive containing Windows 10 installation files, no need for the USB drive as you will boot hd1 and install windows from it, but first:

Update GRUB to detect Windows
Since you didn't touch the first hard drive, Grub remained intact.
Just do:
sudo update-grub

and it will properly recognise Windows Setup on the second drive.
But you may face another issue, Grub does recognise the second drive, but can't boot it throwing:
error: no such device: [DRIVE ID HERE]
error: hd1 cannot get C/H/S values.
error: hd1 cannot get C/H/S values.

I was able to get around that with thanks to @walttheboss's answer here by pressing F12 during boot screen and selecting [Hard Drive] as boot option, and that made the second drive bootable through grub.
Selecting the second drive loads Windows Setup and you can use the remaining unallocated space and create a new partition on the second drive for Windows 10
However, You needed to keep an eye on the progress and use the GRUB (F12) workaround when the laptop restarted to continue Windows installation. Otherwise, the laptop will reboot to Ubuntu and the Windows installation might not be completed properly.
And use it whenever you want to boot/reboot Windows.

Turn off Fast Startup to be able to modify NTFS partitions
Now that Windows 10 is installed and you're done setting up your space, you may notice that when using Ubuntu you couldn't copy or generally modify files on the ntfs partitions.
I found these questions here and here, just disabling Fast Startup did the trick for me.


PHP/Apache runs as which user on Ubuntu Server

The user that runs apache/php is www-data.
Run sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/deploy.log to make the file editable by the web server.
The other files you want to perform operations on also need to be writable by the webserver.


How to clone a bootable Ubuntu USB stick into a larger one?

Clone with mkusb

You can clone from a drive to another drive with mkusb. Start via the graphical interface or with

dus /dev/sdx

where x is the device letter or the source in the cloning operation. The target will be selected in a safe way via menus.

mkusb wraps a safety belt around dd
if there is a GUID partition table, GPT, mkusb fixes the backup partition table at the tail end of the drive. (Otherwise you must do that manually for example with gdisk.)

After the cloning you can edit the partitions with gparted. If you touch only the casper-rw partition and the usbdata partition (amd if an MSDOS partition table the extended partition), booting will not be affected.

Edit: How to edit the partitions to fill the drive.

Be sure you have a backup (for example the original drive).
Read how to use gparted.
Boot from another drive
Unmount all partitions on the target drive
Start gparted and check that there are no lock symbols on /dev/sdb1 and /dev/sdb5.
Move /dev/sdb1 to the tail end (to the right)
Drag its left border of /dev/sdb1 to the left until the size is what you want
Drag the right border of /dev/sdb5` to the right to use all remaining unallocated drive space. The two partitions should 'touch each other'.
Check that things are as you want them.
Click on the tick icon to start the actions.
Please wait ... it will take a long time. Be sure there is enough power (do not run on battery).

If you cloned with dd you need to repair the backup partition table at the tail end of the drive with gdisk or maybe use gpt-fix.

Edit: gdisk command options cut from gpt-fix

echo \
"v
x
e
r
d
w
y" \
| gdisk "$1"

where "$1" should be replaced by the target device /dev/sdx, if run directly (not within the shellscript).

These command letters are explained in

man gdisk

The crucial commands are

in the expert's menu

   e      Move backup GPT data structures to the end of the disk. Use this
          command if you've added disks to a RAID array, thus  creating  a
          virtual  disk with space that follows the backup GPT data struc‐
          tures. This command moves the backup GPT data structures to  the
          end of the disk, where they belong.

and in the the recovery & transformation menu

   d      Use  main  GPT  header  and  rebuild  the backup. This option is
          likely to be useful if the backup GPT header has been damaged or
          destroyed.

The other commands are verifying, moving between menus and writing.

Links added by the OP, @BlueSkies:

Unable to unmount a partition with GParted - is this a problem?

GParted cannot finish step 1

GParted showing now

After cloning with mkusb, copying partitions from the original USB stick and booting from the new-larger stick, I'm unable to access the usbdata.

Please advice. Thanks!

Advice: Please post the output of the following command lines (when booted from the new-larger stick),

sudo lsblk -f
sudo lsblk -m
sudo ls -l /mountpoint-to-usbdata
sudo ls -l /mountpoint-to-casper-rw

where you enter the actual mountpoints to see usbdata and casper-rw.

This will help me understand what is the problem, so that I can suggest what to do next.

Please edit your original question to enter these output texts instead of here in my answer. Indent each line 4 characters in order to render the output as code. You can mark (high-light) the text and click on the {}
icon at the head of the editing window to make those indentations quickly.

Outputs of the four above-mentioned commands:
The command
    sudo lsblk -f
gives the following results

The other one (sudo lsblk -m) outputs the following info:

The last two commands and results:


3 Monitors, Ubuntu 12.04, Gnome 3, 2 nvidia cards, WITH xrandr or xinerama?

lol I love the multi-monitor questions :) If I recall correctly, TwinView is, as the name implies, for 2 monitors. The issue with XRandR is 2 fold in multi-monitor setups. It creates a large virtual display and each monitor gets a piece of it. If the total resolution is too high (2048 X 2048) it might not work... Framebuffer issues and such. You should be able to increase the fb size in xorg.conf but it comes at a performance loss iirc. Also, if the monitors are of different resolutions, there could potentially be areas that are either black, or windows fall off of your displays.

Xinerama is capable of multi-monitor setups. Let's try a mix of xinerama and TwinView first. If that fails, just comment out the TwinView lines with #. Here is an example /etc/X11/xorg.conf file. Use it as a skeleton and replace the appropriate info. Try it first with the TwinView settings as in the example.

Section "ServerLayout"
    Identifier     "TriHead"
    Screen      0  "Screen0" 0 0
    Screen      1  "Screen1" RightOf "Screen0"
    Screen      2  "Screen1" RightOf "Screen1"
    Option         "Xinerama" "1"                # Enable xinerama on the whole
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier     "Device0"
    Driver         "nvidia"
    VendorName     "NVIDIA Corporation"
    BoardName      "Nvidia GT 240"
    BusID          "PCI:1:0:0"                   # Use lscpi | grep VGA to get the BusID
    Screen          0                            # Note the Screen numbers
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier     "Device1"                     # A device for each screen
    Driver         "nvidia"
    VendorName     "NVIDIA Corporation"
    BoardName      "Nvidia GT 240"
    BusID          "PCI:1:0:0"
    Screen          1
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier     "Device2"
    Driver         "nvidia"
    VendorName     "NVIDIA Corporation"
    BoardName      "Nvidia 8600 GT"
    BusID          "PCI:2:0:0"
    Screen          2
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier     "Monitor0"
    VendorName     "Unknown"
    ModelName      "Gateway HX2000"
    HorizSync       31.0 - 83.0
    VertRefresh     56.0 - 76.0
    Option         "DPMS"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier     "Monitor1"
    VendorName     "Unknown"
    ModelName      "DELL 1907FPV"
    HorizSync       30.0 - 81.0
    VertRefresh     56.0 - 76.0
    Option         "DPMS"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier     "Monitor2"
    VendorName     "Unknown"
    ModelName      "DELL 1907FPV"
    HorizSync       30.0 - 81.0
    VertRefresh     56.0 - 76.0
    Option         "DPMS"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier     "Screen0"
    Device         "Device0"
    Monitor        "Monitor0"
    DefaultDepth    24
    Option         "NoLogo" "True"
    Option         "Coolbits" "5"
#    Option         "DoubleBuffer" "True"
    Option         "TripleBuffer" "True"
    Option         "TwinView" "1"                # Enable TwinView for the shared card
    SubSection     "Display"
        Depth       24
    EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier     "Screen1"
    Device         "Device1"
    Monitor        "Monitor1"
    DefaultDepth    24
    Option         "TwinView" "1"
    SubSection     "Display"
        Depth       24
    EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier     "Screen2"
    Device         "Device2"
    Monitor        "Monitor2"
    DefaultDepth    24
    Option         "NoLogo" "True"
    Option         "Coolbits" "5"
#    Option         "DoubleBuffer" "True"
    Option         "TripleBuffer" "True"
    Option         "TwinView" "0"                # No TwinView on this screen
    SubSection     "Display"
        Depth       24
    EndSubSection
EndSection

I should also mention that the additional Options such as "Coolsbits" are not recommended as it enables overclocking and adjusting fan speed. "TrippleBuffer" is helpful when using VBlank sync.


How to update to Nautilus 3.18.2 in Ubuntu 15.10

You can`t get the version 3.18 on Willy from Gnome3 official PPA. But you can have the version 3.16:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Note: Only if you have the Ubuntu Xenial you get the version 3.18


Script asking for confirmation despite using -y

Solved!

First Item

Discovered it was the apt upgrade causing the GUI prompt.
This was resolved by updating it to: DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt upgrade -y

Second Item

Resolved by updating ufw enable to: yes | ufw enable


Best way to schedule script, crontab or other options?

I found out that crontab is probably one of the options, but I is it "safe". Why this command require the root password and so on?

Why would requiring a password make something less safe? Using crontab is safe since nobody can change those files unless they know your admin password.

  Or Is there any other options (better, simpler and so on) how to run some script periodically?

I myself would use /etc/crontab. It is 1 file for all users (difference with crontab is that you can add a user to a command line) where crontab is 1 file per user. It does not matter if you have 1 user but with 2 or more you would be maintaining more files than needed.


What is the difference between Nvidia driver version 173 and version current?

The nvidia-current driver is the most recent driver for newer cards. You only want to use nvidia-173 if you've an old card that is not supported by the nvidia-current driver, i.e. the GeForce 5 series.

There is also a nvidia-96 driver for even older cards, the GeForce 2 through 4 series.

It can be read in the description of the packages and Current NVIDIA Linux graphics driver releases.


I can't use my own account but I can access guest accounts

You can't. The guest session is prevented by design to access regular accounts.

One thing you can do is opening a console window using Alt+Ctrl+F1 and log in from there. Once done, return via Alt+Ctrl+F7.


Ah, found it.

In /usr/local/bin/enter-chroot

there are a few defines first.
e.g. USERNAME='1000'

where 1000 is the id of the user that unity is started with.
Since the user "root" always has id 0, switch it to 0 and it starts it as root.


Cannot boot Ubuntu after successful installation on a Lenovo Laptop with no OS

I have seen some systems require a system/recovery partition on the internal drive.

try putting a 1GB partition at the beginning of the disk. format it ntfs and flag it hidden recovery.

then use the rest of the disk to install ubuntu.


Is "zfs" just a pointer to "zfsutils-linux"?

Yes, zfs is just a virtual package. If you try sudo apt-get install zfs it will automatically select zfsutils-linux for installation as shown below:

ron@ron:~$ sudo apt install zfs
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'zfsutils-linux' instead of 'zfs'
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libnvpair1linux libuutil1linux libzfs2linux libzpool2linux zfs-doc
  zfs-zed
Suggested packages:
  default-mta | mail-transport-agent nfs-kernel-server zfs-initramfs
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libnvpair1linux libuutil1linux libzfs2linux libzpool2linux zfs-doc
  zfs-zed zfsutils-linux


Here is an extensive guide based on Ubuntu 6.10 from 2007 but you probably will fail to install it on your PS3.

The "other OS" option was disabled by firmware 3.21 in April 2010 and you will at least need an unpatched PS3 with a lower version.

And then you got another problem: all the how to's will be about Ubuntu released older than 2010 and would require very good knowledge about the inner working of a PS3, the differences of old Ubuntu and new Ubuntu and how that impacts the old how-to's to use on a newer release.

  Where do I need to go to get the modded firmware

There is no firmware for it and you also can not downgrade the firmware on the PS3 slim below the firmware it originally came with. That in itself makes me believe you will not be able to. A PS3 slim probably had firmware 3.40 and also will not even have a "other OS" option in the firmware.

  and do I need to take the hard drive out to install Linux onto it?

No, the hard disc is there to install games and does not contain the PS3 software itself. The system software is stored in the Synergistic Processing Element. It has 8 of these: 1 for the system software, 6 for developers and the last one for a backup in case one of the other 7 fail.


There was one major change in nvidia driver that prevents bumblebee from working - glvnd (https://github.com/NVIDIA/libglvnd). In short, bumblebee is running a separate instance of xorg on a separate display, which glvnd cannot handle. This behaviour should be disabled for bumblebee. Put the following line to /etc/environment

__GLVND_DISALLOW_PATCHING=1

In order to make glvnd work, nvidia also changed directories where related files/drivers are located. Bumblebee should be reconfigured accordingly (/etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf):

LibraryPath=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu
XorgModulePath=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/nvidia/xorg,/usr/lib/xorg/modules,/usr/lib/xorg/modules/input

Last issue that prevents bumblebee from unloading nvidia drivers is caused by nvidia-drm which is not supposed to be loaded in the bumblebee enviroment. This is easy to disable by aliasing it to off (/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nvidia.conf):

blacklist nvidia
blacklist nvidia-drm
blacklist nvidia-modeset

#alias nvidia off
alias nvidia-drm off
#alias nvidia-modeset off

nvidia-modeset is not needed as well, but loading it doesn't hurt and you may want to disable it as well.

I would also disable gpu manager (What does gpu-manager do?), as it's not needed in this case (/etc/default/grub): add nogpumanager to the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT section.

I also had some issues with nvidia-persistenced service in the past (https://docs.nvidia.com/deploy/driver-persistence/index.html#persistence-daemon), you may want to disable it as well by issuing sudo systemctl disable nvidia-persistenced.

NOTE: I'm using nVidia 390 from https://launchpad.net/~graphics-drivers/+archive/ubuntu/ppa


I have to agree with your commenters that this is not a good idea and not likely to help, and I can't really recommend it, but here goes:

renice -15 -p $(pgrep gnome-shell)

This will figure out the PID of gnome-shell and change the priority.  You would need to run the command as root and place it in a cron job so that it would automatically renice all processes with that name.


Set Keyboard Shortcuts to mean "Home" and "End"

Solution found in the form of AutoKey!
This can be installed from a .deb package or via pip3. I opted for the latter:
$ sudo pip3 install git+https://github.com/autokey/autokey

Once installed, it can be started like so:
$ autokey-gtk &

Note: This application also has a QT build, which works for people using KDE Plasma, Lumina, etc.
Configuration
Once AutoKey is installed, there will be a character indicator in the corner:

Choose "Show Main Window" to bring up the UI:

To send key commands, a new script needs to be created. This can be done by clicking the triangle beside "New", then choosing "Script". Enter any name you wish then, in the large textbox to the right, paste one of the following commands:

Action
Command

Jump to beginning of current line
keyboard.send_key("<home>")

Jump to end of current line
keyboard.send_key("<end>")

Next, let's set the key combination by clicking on the [Set] button next to "Hotkey":

This process is a little finicky, but it's possible to set Ctrl+{arrow} by doing this:

Click "Press to Set"
Press the arrow (or regular) key you wish to use (NOT a combination, but just the arrow or regular key)
Click the "Control" button
Click "OK"

This takes effect immediately and can be tested in just about any UI application. I have confirmed it works in:

Sublime Text & Sublime Merge
Firefox, Chrome, & Edge
TablePlus
Calibre
vi and nano
gEdit