How to get rid of the bottom panel in gnome 3 classic session

It is the Window List plugin the same one used in Gnome Shell standard session which comes within gnome-shell-extensions package. It's full name:

window-list@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com

Installed in: /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/
What it seems happening is .. the Gnome Classic session use it as a required plugin. So it does ignore disabling it. (Using gnome-tweak-tool)
To get rid of it, move it somewhere else or delete it

sudo rm -r /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/window-list@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com

To re-enable it, copy it back or reinstall gnome-shell-extensions.

sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-shell-extensions


Accessing a specific URL with firefox 3.6 on Ubuntu 10.4 crashed the OS, how should I debug this?

Assuming it's a kernel crash you need to capture the kernel dump info, you can try using a kernel net console: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/Netconsole


You can (it's much like anything else: use the ISO as the CD drive, boot from CD, install, done) but the support is lacking somewhat. Sound only occasionally works and the performance is pretty awful (in my experience).

You'd do a lot better to download VirtualBox (free) or VMWare Workstation (not free) and use that instead.


The only way I know of is to edit your sudoers file (with visudo) to accomplish this. This will still make you use sudo, but will not require a password.

sudo visudo

This will bring up the sudoers file in nano. Add a line like this:

Cmnd_Alias MODEM_CMDS = /path/to/ixconn, /path/to/othermodemsoftware

and then one like this:

regularuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: MODEM_CMDS

Obviously, replace the paths to any programs you want to run with actual paths, and replace regularuser with the user you want to be able to use ixconn without a password. You can also specify groups instead of users, by placing a % in front of the group name, like this:

%modemgroup


Skipping acquire of configured file 'xxxx' as repository 'xxxx xenial InRelease' doesn't support architecture 'i386'"

I've since found there is a method to specify desired architectures or suppress unwanted architectures,  for example in the case above where the architecture isn't included in the diladele repo but is a valid foreign architecture listed by dpkg on my machine.

Where diladel's 2nd instruction for adding the repo is:

# add repo
echo "deb http://ubuntu16.diladele.com/ubuntu/ xenial main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu16.diladele.com.list

you can include an optional architecture specification, such as this:

# add repo
echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://ubuntu16.diladele.com/ubuntu/ xenial main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu16.diladele.com.list

Note the literal use of the square brackets is required to delineate the options list (it's not indicating that options are optional ;-)

There's a useful reference here:
https://manpages.debian.org/jessie/apt/sources.list.5.en.html

In the example above, including the option on my machine (which has i386 as a foreign architecture (see original post) avoids the apt-get notice that triggered my question.


For every hour, you want:

0 * * * * python3 /var/wwwroot/script.py

0 = Run at '0' minutes past hour
* = Run every hour of the day
* = every day of month
* = every month of year
* = every day of week

For every 2 hours, at 30m past the hour you want:

30 */2 * * * python3 /var/wwwroot/script.py

Reference:

https://tecadmin.net/crontab-in-linux-with-20-examples-of-cron-schedule/
man 5 crontab


Your laptop and desktop do indeed need a different name if you want to access shares through SMB.


Deadlock-broken packages during Ubuntu 12.4 update: libjpeg-turbo8:amd64 and libjpeg-turbo8:i386

I found a solution here.

I have changed the /var/lib/dpkg/status file manually, and removed two blocks: libjpeg-turbo8:amd64 and libjpeg-turbo8:i386. Then I called sudo apt-get install -f and the problem was gone.


There won't be any special notifications for this.  Just do the standard updates.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade.


Try installing brightness controller
first type sudo apt-get update in the terminal then type sudo apt install brightness-controller then launch by typing brightness-controller it might help.


From the comments...

After upgrading to Ubuntu 19.04, many users are having difficulties related to GNOME extensions that were working fine in earlier versions of Ubuntu.

If you go to here, you can see what extensions you have installed. Severe GNOME extension compatibility issues may not permit viewing installed extensions this way, without causing a lockup or crash. Another way to view installed extensions is to use gnome-tweaks, otherwise known as Tweaks.

Worst case scenarios involve having to boot into Recovery mode, and manually removing GNOME extensions from /home/username/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions.

In this particular case, Dash to Dock was causing problems. After it's physical removal, the system is running fine now. User reports about its 19.04 compatibility can be see here.


Trying to use Ubuntu 16.10 desktop to diagnose USB hardware issue

The command lsusb will provide output identifying hardware connected to your USB ports. For example if I plug a flash drive into a port on my system I get output like this:

$ lsusb
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 8564:1000 Transcend Information, Inc. JetFlash
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 10d5:5a08 Uni Class Technology Co., Ltd
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

For more complete information use the command lsusb -v

For information about a specific device on the bus (in this case the attached flash drive) you can indicate the bus#and device# via the -s switch as in:

$ lsusb -v -s 2:3

Bus 002 Device 003: ID 8564:1000 Transcend Information, Inc. JetFlash
Device Descriptor:
  bLength                18
  bDescriptorType         1
  bcdUSB               2.00
  bDeviceClass            0 (Defined at Interface level)
  bDeviceSubClass         0
  bDeviceProtocol         0
  bMaxPacketSize0        64
  idVendor           0x8564 Transcend Information, Inc.
  idProduct          0x1000 JetFlash
  bcdDevice            1.00
  iManufacturer           1 JetFlash
  iProduct                2 Mass Storage Device
  iSerial                 3 DYYUB7GB
  bNumConfigurations      1
  Configuration Descriptor:
    bLength                 9
    bDescriptorType         2
    wTotalLength           32
    bNumInterfaces          1
    bConfigurationValue     1
    iConfiguration          0
    bmAttributes         0x80
      (Bus Powered)
    MaxPower              100mA
    Interface Descriptor:
      bLength                 9
      bDescriptorType         4
      bInterfaceNumber        0
      bAlternateSetting       0
      bNumEndpoints           2
      bInterfaceClass         8 Mass Storage
      bInterfaceSubClass      6 SCSI
      bInterfaceProtocol     80 Bulk-Only
      iInterface              0
      Endpoint Descriptor:
        bLength                 7
        bDescriptorType         5
        bEndpointAddress     0x01  EP 1 OUT
        bmAttributes            2
          Transfer Type            Bulk
          Synch Type               None
          Usage Type               Data
        wMaxPacketSize     0x0200  1x 512 bytes
        bInterval               0
      Endpoint Descriptor:
        bLength                 7
        bDescriptorType         5
        bEndpointAddress     0x82  EP 2 IN
        bmAttributes            2
          Transfer Type            Bulk
          Synch Type               None
          Usage Type               Data
        wMaxPacketSize     0x0200  1x 512 bytes
        bInterval               0
Device Qualifier (for other device speed):
  bLength                10
  bDescriptorType         6
  bcdUSB               2.00
  bDeviceClass            0 (Defined at Interface level)
  bDeviceSubClass         0
  bDeviceProtocol         0
  bMaxPacketSize0        64
  bNumConfigurations      1
Device Status:     0x0000
  (Bus Powered)

I've had systems come into the shop that exhibited the problems you outline where the only problem was the ports were packed with dust. A can of compressed air solves this handily. If the ports in question are front or back panel ports on a desktop you can often simply replace the internal harness. If the ports in question are physically attached to the mainboard as is typical in laptops, desoldering/soldering is required (quality of results will be determined by your skill here and are not guaranteed). If it's a chipset problem you are looking at mainboard replacemnent.


So after too many hours finally it's been solved. It goes like this:

Download libdwarf-20130207.tar.gz
Extract the archive and in a new terminal type:

cd dwarf-2013-02-07/libdwarf
./configure --enable-shared
make -j$(nproc)

If you need a 32 bit library (as in my case), just open the MakeFile and add -m32 to CFLAGS

CFLAGS = -m32 $(PREINCS) -g -O2 $(INCLUDES) $(dwfpic) $(POSTINCS)

At the end, just copy the libdwarf.so into /usr/lib


Console: switching off a built-in backlight

The source of the error turns out to be that the setterm command is picky about what can be redirected and what cannot. You can do this:

setterm -clear all > /dev/tty1

from an SSH session to clear the physical console, but you cannot issue any -powerdown commands in the same way. I don't know why this is.

For the record, issuing setterm -powersave powerdown from the console is accepted, but does not appear to be doing what I want for my hardware - there's no apparent difference to just setting the brightness to zero (there's still a faint light from the screen in a dark room).


Strange crashes on Zenbook UX31A with Ubuntu 13.10

As no one can provide a solution and I need to work with my computer I did a fresh install. 13.10 + Cinnamon 2 works just fine here. I guess something went wrong with the packages.


Correct the ownership, assuming pipi is your username:

chown -R pipi:pipi /home/pipi

and the permissions for all folders:

find /home/pipi -type d -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 775

775 - These are the default permissions when you create a new folder.


My NVidia mobile graphics with Haswell CPU won't work

Press function and the up arrow key (brightness). I had the same issue on my Y510p and discovered by accident that the screen brightness defaults to off upon boot.


There is no Easy, Tested, Supported way to do what you want anymore. That window is closed. The only easy and supported path for you now is to backup your data and then to install a supported release of Ubuntu.

There are ways to do what you want, but they are not easy or fast. Recommended only for skilled apt users, as they involve editing text files, using the terminal, and occasionally resolving version conflicts.

Non-LTS Ubuntu releases occur every six months, and are supported for nine months. Unless you changed your settings, your system likely nagged you every day for three months to upgrade from 16.10 to 17.04 while that window was open.

If you don't want to be on that every-six-months treadmill, then LTS releases of Ubuntu occur every two years (14.04, 16.04, soon 18.04) and are supported for five years.


Each log serves it's own purpose. It really depends on what you're trying to check for. Some common ones are outlined below:

/var/log/auth.log - Information pertaining to authentication - including sudo/su activity
/var/log/boot.log - All information during the booting process
/var/log/crond.log - Information from cron daemon
/var/log/messages - Typical dumping point for messages not regarding the system
/var/log/pm-suspend.log - Logged during the Power management suspend function
/var/log/user.log - Information from all userlevels
/var/log/syslog - This organizes output from different softwares and is a "general log"
/var/log/kern.log - Information being logged from the kernel

There are additional logs - like the apache2 folder, mysql.log/mysql.err, and others. These are all software specific - if you don't have apache2 installed, you won't have the log files for it. The only time you would want to check logs is when an issue arises - most of the time though it'll be okay to let them sit in the dark.


Ugrade to 20.04 point release - how to increase boot partition

The issue is not your /boot partition, but the insufficient space in / as you've filled it with applications, or user files (if you don't have a separate /home partition).
I too find 29 GB too tight, especially when it's time for a release upgrade.
Re-read the message in your paste. You need space to download the new packages (in deb format), then uncompress and install each package, before the clean occurs at the end, i.e., need many GBs free, you've almost enough but are 212MB short. And I'd suggest creating more space than that (better safe than sorry in my experience).


Disparity in versions of Python 2 packages and Python 2 interpreter

The interpreter /usr/bin/python2.7 is provided by the python2.7-minimal package, as you can see with apt-file search /usr/bin/python2.7. The python package is what is called a metapackage: because the Python installation is split between several packages, the python package provides a simple way to install all those packages at once. If someone needs only the bare minimum, they can install only the python2.7-minimal package.


How to install curl package .deb file in ubuntu 16.04?

Ubuntu 16.04 has upgraded PHP to 7.0. Just do sudo apt-get install php7.0-curl.

Source: http://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/php7.0-curl


How do I install an antivirus on Ubuntu Mate? [Failed]

If you are required to have a virus scanner installed by the terms of use of the company you work for, to scan a Windows drive in your PC or to scan files you are going to send to other people and e-mail you are going to forward to other people, I suggest you install clamav. Is an open source antivirus engine for detecting trojans, viruses, malware & other malicious threats.

Open a terminal,Press Ctrl+Alt+T

Run it:

exec sudo -i
apt-get update
apt-get dist-upgrade
apt-get install clamav clamav-daemon clamtk clamtk-nautilus
freshclam

ClamTk is a GUI front-end for ClamAV, is designed to be an easy-to-use, on-demand scanner for Gnu/Linux systems.

More Info:

Info


To send an email from a script or from command line you can use mail:

echo "message" | mail -s "subject" "email@example.com"

Notice that for this to work, you have to install a mail transport agent (MTA) (for example sendmail):

sudo apt-get install sendmail

To execute this at every bootup you can write a line in your crontab as follows:

@reboot /path/to/script


As One-Click VNC uses default port 5500 to establish a VNC connection this is different in Vinagre, where port 5900 is used by default. You may run vinagre from the command line by specifying another port:

vinagre <IP_REMOTE>::5500

If you are still unable to establish a VNC connection you may need to change settings on the Windows side (or use another VNC server there, e.g. TightVNC)


I have to issue "rfkill unblock wifi" at every boot

You can make a service to do this. Execute the following command:

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/rfkill-unblock-wifi.service

then, copy and paste the following into the file:

[Unit]
Description=RFKill-Unblock WiFi Devices

[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/rfkill unblock wifi
ExecStop=
RemainAfterExit=yes

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Press CTRL + o and then press ENTER to save the file. Press CTRL + x to exit nano.

Finally, execute the following command to enable start up the service:

sudo systemctl enable rfkill-unblock-wifi.service
sudo systemctl start rfkill-unblock-wifi.service

Hopefully this doesn't start before wifi is blocked.

source


vs code update what should i do for next?

There is option to download .deb file. You can open it with "Software Center" and Visual Code will be automatically updated.


Ubuntu 15.10 Live USB not starting due to graphic card driver errors (nouveau)

Boot from the Ubuntu installation media and select Try Ubuntu without installing.
Press the E key and add nouveau.modeset=0 at the end of the linux line.
Set a Space between the last character in the linux line and nouveau.modeset=0
Press the F10 key to boot into the Live desktop - now install Ubuntu.

After it is  finished, reboot the system and this time select the Ubuntu menu entry.
Press the E key and add nouveau.modeset=0 at the end of the linux line.
Set a Space between the last character in the linux line and nouveau.modeset=0
Press the F10 key to boot into Ubuntu - now install the NVIDIA drivers.

Reboot the system, now you don't have to add the parameter any more.


Unable to install openjdk7 from terminal

Check your Internet connection and run the following commands from terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T):

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk


Ubuntu won't boot after crash - initrams kernel panic

Have you tried booting from a usd (or CD) and seeing if you can mount the machine's drive?


How to create a Mac bootable live Linux USB on Windows?

I personaly prefer the Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS release, you can download it from this page and use it with Unetbootin which allows you to create a bootable USB-Stick.

Good luck.


Multi display. how to fullscreen on selected/used display?

you need to setup Multiseats in xorg and your desktop manager.
Its not that hard, but not so easy either.

Most info is here

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/xorg_multiseat


I do this daily by running

export DISPLAY=:0.0

before invoking the program itself.  Note that if you're logged in as a different user locally vs. remotely, you may need to use xhost to allow the remote user permission to do this.


The BIOS access key for your device is F11.  Press it repeatedly while the vaio logo is on the screen.

The full user manual is here: http://download.sony-europe.com/pub/manuals/consumer/AE2H100111.zip

Within that zip, the instructions to boot from external USB are here: AE2H100111/eng/contents/02/04/01/01.html


passwd has switched the terminal in completely raw mode --- it will simply read everything you throw at it, included your Ctrl-C and the normally connected to "stop and go background" Ctrl-Z.

The best strategy is simply press Enter and wait for the error:

[romano:~] 10 % passwd
Changing password for romano.
(current) UNIX password:
passwd: Authentication token manipulation error
passwd: password unchanged


How to delete words in the terminal with Ctrl-Backspace like in the rest of Ubuntu?

This is not generally possible for bash by itself without help from the terminal emulator, because Backspace is usually the same keycode as Ctrl+? (ASCII DEL) (or Ctrl+H - ASCII backspace). (Try Ctrl+V then Backspace to verify.) That makes Ctrl+Backspace essentially Ctrl+Ctrl+? ... which is just Ctrl+? or simply Backspace itself.*)

With some terminal emulators, there are settings which allow you to send custom keycodes for various key combinations. In particular, many have an option to customize what Backspace sends (to switch between ASCII DEL or backspace, usually). You might want to experiment with such options to see if the terminal emulator sends a different keycode for H and Ctrl+Backspace.

* This also true for a number of special keys - Enter is Ctrl+M, Tab is Ctrl+I, Esc is Ctrl+], etc.


No Firefox plugin after installing Citrix receiver

Hmm, after trying some more it seems that the Citrix reciever is working, but that there is just no plugin in the plugin-list in Firefox visible. When I go to my company's Citrix login page I can login and start a session. Firefox will ask if I want to save the launch.ica file or if I want to open it using the "Citrix Reciever Engine". When choosing the latter it just brings me into a Citrix session. So, it works, even without the plugin... It seems therefore that there is no problem after all...


You just need to configure Windoze so the hw clock is UTC.


Wired option missing in Network Settings

From the comments...

Change your /etc/netplan/*.yaml file to look like this...

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager

sudo netplan --debug generate

sudo netplan apply

reboot

Then use the standard NetworkManager GUI to configure your network.


What is the difference between command grouping and pipelining?

The differences between these are:

( foo; bar; )

It will execute the commands in a subshell, so if you made any changes in the subshell they will not appear outside the subshell. Like

i=2; ( ((i++)); echo $i ); echo $i

You will get output:

3
2

If you do the same thing in { } then it will be executed in the same environment, so the changes will matter. Like

i=2; { ((i++)); echo $i; }; echo $i

will give:

3
3

Now let's come to pipelining, pipelining is used to take input and give output to some commands.So the command:

a | b

the output of command a will be given as an input to command b.

echo "hi" | cat

will give you output hi.
So output of echo "hi" i.e. hi will be input of cat command.


Hard Drive invalid NTFS and hidden partition

try to use this in terminal

sudo apt-get install ntfsprogs
sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdc2


System won't boot after partition resizing

Actually this problem is depend on laptop company also. But don`t worry, Just press 'Ctrl+Alt+Del' it will restart then while restarting continuously press F2 or F12 then you will enter into the doss then there is option to change the system configure....

Basically now days all laptops having UEFi and CSM option in the doss. for windows you can select UEFI in system configuration and for Ubuntu CSM. but UEFI is having secure boot ooption...


I cannot post a comment so writing it in answer. Can you please elaborate a bit on what problem are you facing ? Here are the instructions that you should follow for dual boot installation :

Firstly, I would recommend you to create a backup of all the data.

Installing Ubuntu

If the computer does not boot from the CD (e.g. Windows starts again instead), reboot and check your BIOS settings by pressing F2, F12, Delete, or ESC. Select "boot from CD".
Proceed with installation until you are asked this question: "How do you want to partition the disk?".
If you have already partitioned the disk and left space for Ubuntu, install it to that and then follow the rest of the steps.
Otherwise, choose one of the next two steps.
Automatic partition resizing (recommended)

Choose the first option, which should say "Install them side by side, choosing between them each startup".
Specify the size of the new partition by dragging the slider at the bottom of the window.
Click on "Forward".
Continue on to Finishing Ubuntu Installation

Manual partitioning

Choose "Manually edit partition table".
Listed will be your current partitions.
Select the partition you want to resize and press Enter.
Select "Size:", press Enter.
Select Yes, press Enter.
Type in a new size in gigabytes for your partition, it's recommended you free up at least 10 GB of free space for your Ubuntu install. Press Enter when happy with your changes. It may take some time to apply the changes.
Create a swap partition of at least your amount of RAM (if you don't know, 2000 MB is a good value).

Create a partition for your Ubuntu installation.
Create other partitions if necessary.

Select "Finish partitioning and write changes to disk".

Reference : https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot

If you face any problem please update your question to describe the problem more precisely we will be happy to help you. Good Luck !


Questions about Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Install / partition sizing on SSD / HDD system

100 GB for / is a lot!  Unless you use a lot of huge temp files, this is going to be overkill. 64GB is double of what a typical system needs and I have allocated 48GB because the largest tmp file I ever created was 24GB.

df --human-readable | grep --invert-match "/loop"
Filesystem                         Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev                               7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                              1.6G  9.6M  1.6G   1% /run
/dev/sdb2                           47G   17G   28G  39% /
tmpfs                              7.9G   92M  7.8G   2% /dev/shm
tmpfs                              5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs                              7.9G     0  7.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sdc1                          932G  461G  472G  50% /media/Data
/dev/sdb3                          154G  112G   35G  77% /home
/dev/sdb1                           96M   56M   41M  59% /boot/efi
tmpfs                              1.6G  116K  1.6G   1% /run/user/1001

Rule of thumb:

16Gb for a minimal system
32GB for the average Joe
64GB for a beefy system
More for BFMs

Keeping 10% of your disk as "unallocated" is a very good idea: not only because of wear-leveling but because of flexibility: you don't need all that space when your PC is brand new, and that free space is your proverbial spare tire if you ever need to extend one of the other partitions when they run flat! ;-)
You can put /home on the SSD and symlink the big files on the HDD.
E.G. in the above system, /home/fabby/Videos, is actually on /dev/sdc1.  Have a look here for the long story, but basically it comes down to:

# copy all Video files from SSD to HDD
cp --preserve=all --recursive /home/fabby/Videos /Media/Data/home/Fabby/Videos
# now delete them from the SSD
rm --force --recursive /home/fabby/Videos/
# now create a symbolic link to the right volume
cd /home/fabby
ln --symbolic /Media/Data/home/Fabby/Videos Videos

The symbolic link Videos in fabby's home directory is now pointing to /dev/sdc1 mounted on /Media/Data/ in the directory home/Fabby/Videos.

Which means that all of my Documents, Downloads, Music, .. are on my SSD, except the Videos, which are on the HDD.

Best of both worlds!  0:-)


Ubuntu 15.10 has noise effect when focusing

I found solution:
In CompizConfig Settings Manager -> Window management -> Application Switcher -> General ->  Zoom -> Set to 0. And zooming effect will be disabled. Also set speed to 20 for more comfort switch between application.


Can you run the game Kindergarten on Linux

Most likely you've installed Steam through Linux, not Wine.

Steam is (currently) not smart enough to manage Wine installations and run Windows-only games through the native engine. If you want to play Windows games from Steam on Linux, you will need to install Steam itself on Wine.

Note that this will (usually) mean you have to deal with two Steam installs -- one native, and one installed through Wine. This is just the unfortunate state of Linux gaming at this time.

I would highly recommend you use PlayOnLinux or some similar utility (such as CrossOver) to manage installation and Wine configuration, as they tend to remove most of the complicated Wine configurations that need to be done. However, if you'd rather use vanilla Wine, you can do that as well.


Changing the desktop to Xfce 4.10 temporarily/permanently

Try pressing Ctrl+Alt+F1, then log in and enter startxfce4.


By default apache is setup for individual users to have their own URL, all you have to do is enable it:

sudo a2enmod userdir

Then say user test01 access would be via itaportalen.dk/~test01 and their directory would be /home/test01/public_html. However, I gather you don't want to do it that way.

For example, say the user names are test01, test02, test03, test04.
Add A records (or CNAME records, if you prefer) to your DNS zone file:

epson-wp2       IN      A       192.168.111.111
s15             IN      A       192.168.111.112
bla             IN      A       192.168.111.112
test01          IN      A       192.168.111.112
test02          IN      A       192.168.111.112
test03          IN      A       192.168.111.112
test04          IN      A       192.168.111.112
s16             IN      A       192.168.111.113

All pointing to the same IP address. In your case 5.196.14.205.
Then in /etc/apache2/sites-availableyou will want to create 4 new files. Start by copying the default file:

sudo cp 000-default.conf test01.conf

Edit the new file like so:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName test01.smythies.com

    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html/test01

    <Directory />
            Options FollowSymLinks
            AllowOverride None
    </Directory>
    <Directory /var/www/html/test01>
            Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews Includes
            AllowOverride All
            ...

Where I have chosen to have each directory under /var/www/html. You do what you want. However, you might need to edit /etc/apache2/apache2.conf, depending on where you locate the directories.
Repeat for the other users. Then enable each virtual host:

sudo a2ensite test01
sudo a2ensite test02
sudo a2ensite test03
sudo a2ensite test04

Restart:

sudo service apache2 restart

I did this on my internal test server and it worked as expected. I only used the Ubuntu Serverguide as a reference.


To solve this port problem in Linux, go inside the /etc/apache2 folder and there is file ports.conf. Open this in a text editor and you see something like:

NameVirtualHost *:80
Listen 80

so we have to change listen column and make it

NameVirtualHost *:80
Listen 8888

to do this, open a terminal and use these command

cd /etc/apache2
etc/apache2:#sudo nano ports.conf

Hit Enter, open it in terminal editor in which you just select listen column and change 80 to 8888
like this

NameVirtualHost *:80
Listen 8888

and save it by Ctrl+X and then press Y and then press Enter
now run your apache it will start successfully, it really works.


How to install Shoes GUI framework for Ruby? .install file

Once you download Shoes from their website, you will get a files like shoes-3.2.23-gtk2-i686.install which is actually a shell script. You have to make it executable before you can run it. So open a terminal window by pressing  Ctrl  Alt  T  and navigate to the folder where you have downloaded the file. Normally it should be in the Downloads directory. So type:

cd ~/Downloads

to go to downloads.

Once you are in the directory containing the install file, run the following command to make it executable:

chmod +x shoes-3.2.23-gtk2-i686.install

You will be asked to enter your password. After this has been done, run the installer by:

./shoes-3.2.23-gtk2-i686.install


Could be a corrupt file system.

Boot 14.04
Start terminal
Run sudo fsck /dev/sdx (replace sdx with your 13.10 partition)
sudo mount /dev/sdx /mnt
Browse /mnt and copy your files to your 14.04 partition


Is it an Ubuntu version that came with Unity and you then installed Gnome or it is the Gnome Ubuntu version?

I wouldn't recommend to downgrade but yes to do the following:

sudo apt-get -f update

sudo apt get -f upgrade

sudo apt-get -f dist-upgrade

It will fix any problems you have, if you want Gnome and you installed it over Unity you may also want to clean install:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuGNOME/GetUbuntuGNOME

It is not a direct solution for your question but I hope it works.


user upstart job in ~/.init/ is not found

A few points:

User jobs are not enabled by default in Ubuntu. See:

http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/#user-job
http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/#enabling

You never need to reboot after creating any type of Upstart job—they are automatically detected by Upstart (using inotify).
The service command is not part of Upstart—it is the SystemV tool to manipulate SysV jobs. However, Upstart provides SystemV compatibility such that Upstart system jobs can also be manipulated via service (for convenience). The Upstart equivalent commands are start, stop and, restart.
For user jobs, you must use start, stop and, restart (or the initctl equivalents).

Finally, note that user jobs are very basic currently. We plan to enhance them significantly for 12.10 but for now be aware that:

Upstart will run all user jobs using /bin/sh -e regardless of which shell you use by default. That -e is also very important (man sh for details).
Upstart will only set a minimal set of variables in the user job environment. Hence, you should probably set variables like HOME like this:

env HOME=/home/james

See:

http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/#env
http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/#export
http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/#debugging-a-script-which-appears-to-be-behaving-oddly


You have probably nVidia + Intel graphics to choose from, try to switch via nvidia-prime option in nvidia settings to Intel, then logout, login and if everything goes ok, then try to suspend and wake up, if issue still occurs it may be ubuntu 16.xx common issue which may disappears after upgrade to ubuntu 18.04. If laptop wakes up then use this Intel mode till the upgrade to 18.04 will come. If You won't be able to login after switching to Intel then switch to tty text mode (e.g alt+ctrl+f3 or f4) login thru this mode and type sudo prime-select nvidia and go back to graphical mode via alt+ctrl+f1
In my opinion it's something with acpi or other Ubuntu 16.04 issue which was solved but not in all cases.


How can I make a non-bootable ISO file bootable?

You may use the IMGBURN software (You need a windows for that). The software is free but will try to install some side softwares if you don't disable the options.
From a bootable win7 CD, copy the file etfsboot.com somewhere
From ImgBurn choose : Create CD from files and for the sources files, choose everything from your non-bootable iso. Selecting the root folder of the mounted iso shall do the job
Choose a destination file on your hard disk, eg : new.iso
On the Advanced Tab, choose Bootable disc :
For the bootimage, choose the file etfsboot.com you saved before

For Load Segment, type : 07C0
For Sectors to load, type : 8

Finally click on the build button and Yes on each dialog appearing (about 3 of them)

Your new iso should be good to boot.


It is really strange:
In the comments someone advised me to switch off acceleration through GPU. I had already switched it off but never tried to switch it on. Then I noticed that with the last install of Ubuntu I have always switched it on....

So when I run my emulator on commandline it is still the same error but in eclipse not!


I have the same problem with my Lenovo g505s backthen, and my problem is in the UEFI boot and the AMD graphic driver on Ubuntu. If you don't have problem problem with UEFI boot then I think the problem lies on the graphic driver. Try to search the right driver from AMD Support. Is that Aspire E15 the product of Acer?

Hope this can help you, atleast have a clue.


How do I buy from the Software Center with a foreign currency?

Yes, the Software Center supports Paypal payments, which should be available in the Philippines and a number of other countries. But I don't know if Paypal will let you pay one-time with a local credit card, or if they will want you to become a member first (it's free to get an account though).

Source: omgubuntu


How do I make Update Manager stop opening automatically?

This may work for you. I haven't verified if it works in GNOME.

Open the Software Sources application.
Select the "Updates" tab.
For the "Automatically check for updates" option, select Never.

After this, you will have to open the Update Manager application manually.


Prevent Apache restarting automatically after upgrading packages

No, the postinst script of the apache package (and some others) will always restart apache. There's no way to avoid that. If your service is critical enough that these few seconds of downtime are a problem, consider adding another server and creating an HA pair.


How to compile Linux kernel 3.8 in Ubuntu 12.10?

This page should help: wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/BuildYourOwnKernel

You can download the source package for the kernel you want (i.e. apt-get source linux-image-$(uname -r)) instead of using a kernel from Git
GRUB do that for you. If you use the source package, you will get a .deb package, that will automatically be available in your GRUB menu.


Usually Windows 7 creates two partitions during setup: a partition with the boot manager and a partition to the operating system. It seems that your Windows selected the recovery partition and used it as the boot partition, probably overwriting it (it is the only partition with the "boot" flag (line 79 of the log)). So to boot Windows i think you must boot the recovery partition (/dev/sda3).

But if i'm not wrong, booting from your recovery partition may reset the MBR, and so replace GRUB with the Windows 7 MBR. So before doing this, you really should create a backup of your Ubuntu, or of the MBR atleast!

The best way to proceed is creating a new boot entry in /etc/grub.d/40_custom, editing it with root privileges:

sudo gedit /etc/grub.d/40_custom

This file should already have one entry. After it add the following:

menuentry 'My Windows entry' --class windows {
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod ntfs
    set root='hd0,msdos3'
    chainloader +1
}

Save the file and run sudo update-grub in a terminal. This will recreate the Grub boot entries. After that, the next time you reboot you should have a new entry, which hopefully will let you boot on Windows 7.


Based on the description of SpiceWorks, OpenNMS sounds a bit similar.

And Wikipedia has a longer list of systems management systems.

Of course, SpiceWorks should work on Ubuntu too.


How can I install Chinese fonts on Kubuntu 14.04

This package seems to have a complete Chinese font:

sudo apt-get install fonts-wqy-zenhei

I see that it installs it to:

/usr/share/fonts/truetype/wqy/wqy-zenhei.ttc

Sometimes, the system DejaVuSans font is used as a fallback:

/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf

As part of an earlier attempt, I also installed a bunch of fonts with:

sudo apt-get install fonts-arphic-bkai00mp fonts-arphic-bsmi00lp fonts-arphic-gbsn00lp fonts-arphic-gkai00mp fonts-arphic-ukai fonts-arphic-uming fonts-cns11643-kai fonts-cns11643-sung fonts-cwtex-fs fonts-cwtex-heib fonts-cwtex-kai fonts-cwtex-ming fonts-cwtex-yen

and I see that fonts-arphic-ukai added /usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/ukai.ttc, which seems to have a very complete set of Chinese characters.


Can't connect to wireless networks Intel Wireless

Maybe your wireless card is just disabled. Try typing the following into terminal:

sudo ifconfig wlan0 up


Disable screen dimming in Ubuntu Mate 18.04.2 LTS

It seems that after also unchecking the Reduce backlight brightness checkbox in the On Battery Power tab of Power Management Preferences, the screen no longer dims:


Switch back to icon view, so you can click outside the area of where the folders are. In list view, clicking anywhere will select the row you're clicking on.

Alternatively, you can just press Ctrl+Shift+N to create a new folder.

Would also be reasonable to file a bug that it's not easy to create a new folder with right clicking in list view when screen is full, though it can be done in icon view.


There is Sound Settings which will allow you to change all sound options much like Windows.

You can adjust the slider to change volume,mute the output, control media playback etc.
Once you choose sound Settings you can adjust all preferences by selecting a tab.

If you want to have the functionality of the Windows sound menu control you will need to install Alsamixer from the software centre which as it's description says;

GNOME Alsa Mixer

A 'volume control' application. You can use it to adjust the volume of different sound sources of your sound card.
It has a nice graphical user interface and a lot of features:

Access to all of your computers sound card and audio sources
Possibility to give them custom names
Only display the mixer controls you need
Access to all the extra features some sound cards offer, like 3D enhancement, microphone gain, boost etc.
And more....

The application uses the ALSA sound API which is installed by default.


How to isolate subnet behind Ubuntu gateway?

I managed to set up iptables rules that seem to do the trick:

sudo iptables -I FORWARD 1 -i eth1 -o eth0 -s 10.0.0.0/24 -d 192.168.5.1 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -I FORWARD 2 -i eth1 -o eth0 -s 10.0.0.0/24 -d 192.168.5.0/24 -j DROP


The description of an extended partition is contained in the first block.  It consists of a standard partition table.  The first entry describes the partition.  The second entry if any describes the location of the next extended partition.

Wikipedia has a good description of the MBR which contains the layout of the partition table.


Bash: What to do when control-c won't kill a process, is there a better solution to the on/off button?

So basically you run a script that makes everything inaccessible, and you want quick and easy solution to stop it . An alternative to powercycling is  to hold SYSRQ key (it's same as PRTSC key in many cases), and press one by one R, E, I,S,U,B. Basically that's a safe way to kill all running processes and restart the system.

Alternative to that is to do sudo nano /proc/sysrq-trigger, write b , in that file and save. The system will restart immediatelly

More info:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key


Files and folders sorted strangely when in file select

Open your File Manager. Then go to Edit -> Preferences -> View. Here, you need to activate Sort folders before files.


How to map the 'Menu key' to 'AltGr key'?

I assume this is to be done in X.

It can be done with 'xmodmap'.

xmodmap -e "keysym Menu = ISO_Level3_Shift"

Put the following in the the file '.Xmodmap' in your home directory to make it load automatically when logging in.

keysym Menu = ISO_Level3_Shift


I had the same problem; Fortunately the answer by Ames in the link below helped me fix it:
Can't Log Into Ubuntu 12.04

  Quote: I ran into the same issue. The problem was in the user .XAuthority file, permission was owned by the root user. I changed the file permission and was able to log back in.

Using ctrl+alt+F1, I logged into my account, then changed the ownership of the file ".Xauthority" by typing the command below in terminal: (My username is masoud, and since it was the first user I created in Ubuntu, a group named masoud was also created)

sudo chown masoud:masoud /home/masoud/.Xauthority

The first "masoud" is the username and the second one is its group. The dot before the file name implies it's hidden.


How can I use another drive with Owncloud?

For allowing the use of a personalized storage media, you need the External Storage module enabled in your Apps.

Once you have enabled this module, you will have new options in the Admin page called External Storage. Configure the Folder name, the type (if it's Local, Google Drive, WebDAV, etc.), the configuration (in the case of a Local, the target directory) and the users with access.

Once you have ended, you can go to the main screen and you will find a directory with the name of the resource.

That's all.


Quick search for tracking.hpp shows that only upcoming 20.04 LTS will have this feature out-the-box.

But for Ubuntu 18.04 LTS you can use thirdparty PPA ppa:alfonsosanchezbeato/opencv-tracking with this feature.
Install packages from it with:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:alfonsosanchezbeato/opencv-tracking
sudo apt-get install libopencv-contrib-dev

and you will get needed tracking.hpp:

$ dpkg -S opencv2/tracking.hpp
libopencv-contrib-dev:amd64: /usr/include/opencv2/tracking.hpp


Getting error while compiling and calling libpcap with sample code in any machine ??please suggest some possible solutions

This question was already asked on Stack Overflow. You should move -lpcap to the end of your command. But even if you are using Ubuntu, this question is off topic here, it would better fit on Stack Overflow.


Dell Inspiron 5423 CPU low-power state Non-Dell Power Adapter

If I remember correctly, BIOS should contain a secure check to be sure you're using an original power adapter that you can turn off


How can I import audiobooks as audiobooks (not music)?

Try unchecking the first option, 'Copy files to media folders when importing'. If my guess is correct, this will ensure that you audiobooks stay where they are after importing.


Ubuntu 16.10 - Virtualbox - Hostname resolves with host command but not with ping or in browser

Hostnames that end in .local are treated as mDNS in Linux by default, and won't perform a normal DNS lookup (read more at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.local). You can change this behavior by editing /etc/nsswitch.conf and look for the line

hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4

and change the order so DNS takes precedence, like:

hosts: files dns mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] mdns4


This specific issue is fixed, please update your packages!

Ubuntu Repositories  (LP Bug #1637058)

In Ubuntu Zesty's proposed repository (this is an in-development release, I hope you aren't using this...), 1.10.1-0ubuntu5 addresses this issue.

In Ubuntu Trusty, Xenial, and Yakkety, the Security team has released updated versions of the packages to address this issue, and is considering it a regression in the package.  This information is detailed in the bug and very briefly in the corresponding Ubuntu Security Notice (USN-3114-2), but this issue is fixed in the following versions of the package:

Ubuntu Trusty: 1.4.6-1ubuntu3.7 (Security and Updates repositories)
Ubuntu Xenial: 1.10.0-0ubuntu0.16.04.4 (Security and Updates repositories)
Ubuntu Yakkety: 1.10.1-0ubuntu1.2 (Security and Updates repositories)

The version in the Ubuntu Precise repositories are not affected, as they were never altered in a way which introduced the CVE which prompted the recent updates. (This only applies to the Ubuntu Repositories, not the PPAs.)

PPAs  (LP Bug #1637200)

I have uploaded revised packages to the staging PPA that address this issue, and implement a fix.  These built without issue, and were copied to the primary Mainline and Stable PPAs on Launchpad as of 12:56 PM on October 27, 2016 (UTC-04:00).

This includes fixes for Precise, Trusty, Xenial, and Yakkety.  The PPAs do not yet have Zesty support.

  Obligatory disclosure:

  I am the primary person on the Ubuntu Server Team in charge of the nginx packages.  I also maintain the PPAs that reside under the team at https://launchpad.net/~nginx.

  I also have direct knowledge on this issue, and the process of fixes being made available, because I helped to discover the problem affects the recent Security updates done, and also Debian.


similarities between N900 Maemo 5 OS and Ubuntu

They both use a Linux kernel and the GNU tools and they're both originally based on Debian. But that's about it. They're about as different as two Debian derivatives can possibly be.

Different graphics (X vs Mir)
Different UI (Mer vs Unity 8)
Different application tookits (Largely GTK+ IIRC vs QT5 and HTML5)
Different packaging (Debs vs Deb for the base system and Click for the user-installed)

Simply put they're wildly different things.

I wouldn't immediately say it's impossible to run one's applications on the other but I wouldn't know where to start.

Maemo applications are largely just standard Linux applications (compiled for the n900's processor). This is what made the N900 so awesome - most of the Debian archive was available.
Ubuntu Touch applications seem to tend to be built around the Ubuntu Touch API. This won't naturally be available for Maemo but I guess it could be ported.


Excluding files and directories from tar

If you're running this from /, the * will list directories without the leading slash. Try it yourself; do for dir in *; do echo $dir; done.

This is exactly what tar will see, and clearly temp_intel doesn't match the /temp_intel expression given to --exclude. Actually, I rather suspect backup_140128.tar.gz, if present, is also not being excluded.

So three options (I haven't tried any of them, this is theoretical):

Force addition of the slash by using /* in your tar command line.
Use --exclude=temp_intel so it matches (assuming you don't have any other temp_intel directories you want excluded).
Play with the --anchored option to tar, the description wasn't very clear but I think it may remove the leading / before doing the comparison.


Openstack Dashboard access after installing w\ MAAS

When Juju gives you the public-adress: 367pb.cluster01.yourdomain.com style address, you have at add /horizon onto the end of that to get to the web interface page.

All authentication is handled by keystone.  You need to ensure there is a relation between the  openstack-dashboard and keystone services. You should be able to access the dashboard (initially) using username 'admin' and the password that was set for the 'admin-password' in the keystone section of the configuration you passed to 'juju deploy'.  If you forgot to specify the configuration when deploying keystone, one was randomly generated for you by the charm.  You should be able to find this in /var/lib/keystone/keystone.passwd on the keystone node.

Hope that helps.


I assume you already create some backups of your important data (because they are hard to recover after a reformat).

The following step should do it:

Login as root (required, since you will remove the home folder of the current user)

$ sudo su –

Unmount the /home folder

$ umount /home

Reformat the home partition (make sure, hat you select the right partition. Check in /etc/fstab and run lsblk)

$ mkfs.ext4 -F /dev/sdXX

Mount the empty filesystem to /home (if the filesystem has changed, modify /etc/fstab accordingly)

$ mount /home

Re-Create home folders for existing users.

$ cp -r /etc/skel /home/username
$ chown -R username:usergroup /home/username

That’s it.


It turns out that the intel driver was the culprit. Removing it

sudo apt remove xserver-xorg-video-intel-hwe-18.04

and replacing "Driver" "intel" with "Driver" "modesetting" in xorg.conf solved the problem for me.


Ubuntu 16.04 had been working well for over a year. After a standard update, re-boot freezes on purple screen

I got the right verion of the vmlinuz file in the boot directory. Then I tried

grub> set root=(hd0,2)
grub> linux (hd0,2)/boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-89-generic root=/dev/sda2
grub> initrd (hd0,2)/boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-89-generic
grub> boot

where instead of the above values I used the full path to my vlinuz and initrd files. This, also ansuring to point to sda2, finaly got back to a good boot with all files intact etc


Scheduling torrents in Transmission - using WD My Cloud

It is called "turtle mode"
Transmission v1.72+ lets you limit DL/UL speeds by time of day and has a speed limit mode you can click.

From the manual

Temporary Speed Limits
Temporary speed limits -- often called "turtle mode" -- are a second
set of upload and download limits that can be set to run on a schedule
and can also be toggled manually. Scheduled use is helpful if your ISP
has different bandwidth caps on evenings or weekends. Manual use is
helpful as a single-click way to quickly give other applications more
bandwidth. You can toggle turtle mode manually by clicking the turtle
button in the lower left corner of Transmission's main window.

The Temporary download speed is the download speed limit enforced when turtle mode is active.
The Temporary upload speed is the upload speed limit enforced when turtle mode is active.
With Scheduled times, you can tell Transmission when to automatically enable and disable turtle mode.

So yes, in the preferences, speed tab you can set time and on what days turtle mode needs to be active or inactive and with what speeds turtle mode should work at.


How can I get the total size of .conf extension in directory /etc and save them into another file?

If you want just the total size, that's the last line of du's output:

$ du -csh -B1 /etc/*.conf
4096    /etc/asound.conf
...
192512  total

You can use tail+cut to get that value:

$ du -csh -B1 /etc/*.conf  | tail -n1 | cut -f1
192512

tail to take the last line, cut to take the first column.
So:

du -csh -B1 /etc/*.conf  | tail -n1 | cut -f1 >> ~/total_size.txt

By the way, the touch ... is useless. The shell will create the file if necessary.


Why don't most applications authenticate via gksu?

sudo provides access to commands. If you have access to the shutdown command, then you can always shutdown the system. PolicyKit provides access to features. For instance, you can say that a user is allowed to reboot the system, but only if there's no other logged in users. PolicyKit rules can be made for almost anything you can do in your system. For instance, it might be beneficial to say that anyone in the family should be allowed to install officially released security updates from the official repositories, but not install any new software. That's far beyond the scope of sudo; if you have access to apt-get, then you have access to apt-get. There's no granularity.

However, why the PolicyKit dialog doesn't grab the inputs, I don't know. You could file a bug on Launchpad.net.


OSSEC HIDS alert: Rule: 1003 fired (level 13) -> "Non standard syslog message (size too large)."

You must keep in mind that OSSEC isn't smart enough to accurately say what's going on based only on the text of the logged messages. You should analyse the log message yourself to find out its cause.

The notification you received says that OSSEC found a "Non standard syslog message" because of a "size too large" in /var/log/syslog. I can't say what makes a big message in syslog related somehow to "a common attack pattern", but I wouldn't care about it; OSSEC generates a lot of false positives. What you should do is to research what the message that generated the notification means.

Luckily, I've already seen this kind of message. "Modules linked in:" followed by a list of kernel modules usually happen when something related to kernel goes wrong and a call trace is generated. I found this on my syslog:

Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494210] ------------[ cut here ]------------
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494257] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at /build/buildd/linux-3.19.0/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_display.c:9713 intel_check_page_flip+0xda/0xf0 [i915]()
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494259] Kicking stuck page flip: queued at 2514658, now 2514665
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494260] Modules linked in: ctr ccm rndis_host cdc_ether usbnet mii uas usb_storage nls_utf8 btrfs xor raid6_pq ufs qnx4 hfsplus hfs minix ntfs msdos jfs xfs libcrc32c cpuid pci_stub vboxpci(OE) vboxnetadp(OE) vboxnetflt(OE) vboxdrv(OE) binfmt_misc snd_hda_codec_hdmi i915 arc4 uvcvideo iwlmvm mac80211 videobuf2_vmalloc btusb intel_rapl videobuf2_memops iwlwifi iosf_mbi bluetooth x86_pkg_temp_thermal videobuf2_core intel_powerclamp v4l2_common videodev snd_hda_codec_realtek media snd_hda_codec_generic cfg80211 snd_hda_intel snd_hda_controller kvm_intel snd_hda_codec kvm snd_hwdep snd_pcm snd_seq_midi snd_seq_midi_event crct10dif_pclmul snd_rawmidi crc32_pclmul ghash_clmulni_intel snd_seq snd_seq_device dell_laptop snd_timer dell_wmi dcdbas snd aesni_intel aes_x86_64 soundcore sparse_keymap i8k lrw gf128mul drm_kms_helper glue_helper ablk_helper cryptd joydev 8250_fintek serio_raw shpchp drm mei_me dell_smo8800 wmi mei i2c_algo_bit lpc_ich video mac_hid coretemp parport_pc ppdev lp parport autofs4 e1000e ptp pps_core ahci psmouse sdhci_pci libahci sdhci
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494340] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: G           OE  3.19.0-14-generic #14-Ubuntu
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494341] Hardware name: Dell Inc. Latitude E5440/078YP3, BIOS A10 12/18/2014
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494343]  ffffffffc0a9fe10 ffff88011ea03d28 ffffffff817c2205 0000000000000007
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494345]  ffff88011ea03d78 ffff88011ea03d68 ffffffff8107595a ffff88011ea03d88
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494348]  ffff880118f19000 ffff8800d97b8800 0000000000000000 ffff8800d97b89a8
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494351] Call Trace:
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494353]  <IRQ>  [<ffffffff817c2205>] dump_stack+0x45/0x57
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494370]  [<ffffffff8107595a>] warn_slowpath_common+0x8a/0xc0
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494372]  [<ffffffff810759d6>] warn_slowpath_fmt+0x46/0x50
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494390]  [<ffffffffc0a4ba3a>] intel_check_page_flip+0xda/0xf0 [i915]
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494411]  [<ffffffffc0a18948>] ironlake_irq_handler+0x2e8/0xfd0 [i915]
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494416]  [<ffffffff813bd824>] ? timerqueue_del+0x24/0x70
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494421]  [<ffffffff810956ff>] ? notifier_call_chain+0x4f/0x80
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494425]  [<ffffffff810cd5f7>] handle_irq_event_percpu+0x77/0x1a0
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494428]  [<ffffffff810cd761>] handle_irq_event+0x41/0x70
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494432]  [<ffffffff810d07ce>] handle_edge_irq+0x6e/0x120
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494435]  [<ffffffff81017772>] handle_irq+0x22/0x40
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494438]  [<ffffffff817cc27f>] do_IRQ+0x4f/0xf0
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494448]  [<ffffffff817ca0ed>] common_interrupt+0x6d/0x6d
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494449]  <EOI>  [<ffffffff816643d5>] ? cpuidle_enter_state+0x65/0x160
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494453]  [<ffffffff816643c1>] ? cpuidle_enter_state+0x51/0x160
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494456]  [<ffffffff816645b7>] cpuidle_enter+0x17/0x20
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494459]  [<ffffffff810b6a41>] cpu_startup_entry+0x311/0x3b0
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494463]  [<ffffffff817b6ad7>] rest_init+0x77/0x80
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494466]  [<ffffffff81d4cfce>] start_kernel+0x482/0x48f
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494469]  [<ffffffff81d4c120>] ? early_idt_handlers+0x120/0x120
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494472]  [<ffffffff81d4c4d7>] x86_64_start_reservations+0x2a/0x2c
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494474]  [<ffffffff81d4c61c>] x86_64_start_kernel+0x143/0x152
Apr 17 14:37:57 S6-STI-N04 kernel: [44610.494476] ---[ end trace 0b755d956a43fb36 ]---

As you can see in the second line, that chain of messages was caused by (a warning in) my GPU driver. I can't remember anything unusual back then. As my system didn't crash I think everything is OK.

You should search for "cut here" and "end trace" in your logs to find out what caused that message.


AWK to compare columns in file1 to file2

You need hold all the columns you want to do match on the same columns on second file first then compare each for every line read from your first file:
awk 'NR==FNR {
    if(NR==1) $1="Column7"; file2[$2, $3, $4, $5, $6]=$1; next; };
    (($2, $3, $4, $5, $6) in file2){ print $0, file2[$2, $3, $4, $5, $6];
}' OFS='\t' file2 file1

Column1 Column2 Column3 Column4 Column5 Column6 Column7
Genome1 1       1       2       1       2       Profile1
Genome2 1       1       2       1       2       Profile1
Genome3 1       2       2       1       2       Profile2


Why don't I see network manager icon on the GNOME top bar?

This was by design: Debian Bug #708966

  For machines that are permanently connected to a wired connection, that icon is
  mostly noise. In most cases you are always connected, and the status never
  changes. The icon is uninteresting and gets in the way of the information that
  has utility.

  There are many cases where a wired connection comes very close to being a
  physical part of the machine itself (eg. computer labs, etc).

  With the new model, every icon in the top bar has an associated submenu with
  options. However, in the case of wired, there are no options that are of use to
  the vast majority of users. The proportion of people needing to turn off their
  wired connection is very small indeed.

Even in newer versions, the icon is showed only if some action can be taken on the wired connection (for example, multiple profiles are present).


From the link in comment:

Within Ubuntu
If you're already using Ubuntu on a computer, you can already turn an Ubuntu ISO file into a bootable SD card. Simply click "System," then "Administration," then "USB Startup Disk Creator." You'll be presented with a Windows asking for two things: the location of the ISO file and the disk you would like to overwrite. Note that this method completely overwrites a given SD card, so be sure to do this only with an empty card (or a full one with files you don't mind losing).

So if you still have the ISO you are set to go. Otherwise download it first.
The only difference with that link: now you open dash and search for USB or Startup disc creator.


How can I replace one linux distro (Ubuntu 19.04) with another linux distro (Manjaro)?

Can I migrate from one Linux distribution to another Linux distribution?
Data, yes; applications, no. Applications will require reinstallation in Manjaro because it is an Arch-based distro, not a Debian-based distro.

If so, how can I do that alongside Windows without losing any data?
Ask this question in http://unix.stackexchange.com which is for *buntu and also non-*buntu Linux, or Superuser.com which accepts questions about *buntu, Linux, UNIX, Windows, MacOS, and even CP/M.


Now you can type :

sudo apt-get remove nvidia*


How can I play video file with .vmw extension?

There is no .VMW video file extension. After a detailed research I found what you meant is .WMV extension. This is simply a video compression format launched by Microsoft just for market competition. To see all the available video encapsulation formats click here.
For the above reason, this type of files is proprietary and Windows didn't allow open source software, such as Ubuntu, to read this codecs until recently. Follow this link to get full information on what these files are and how to open them inside Ubuntu.
The steps comprise of installing VLC, which I understand you have, and unlocking the "Restricted Extras" package from Ubuntu to unlock WMV files.
For the purpose of clarity, see the encapsulation formats we have in VLC in this screenshot.
.
I hope this clarifies and takes out all your doubts in the Q&A. Success!


Your line 2 and 3 has upper case P and requires zero or more spaces, so specify exactly that:

$ grep '[[:blank:]]*Pattern'  input.txt
 Pattern to be recognized
         Pattern to be recognized here also

Personally, I'd recommend extending your pattern with something else, like '[[:blank:]]Pattern.*recognized'


Wrong nameserver set by resolvconf and NetworkManager

Known systemd bug.

Temporary workaround with no need to reconfigure if the DNS IP's changes:

sudo rm -f /etc/resolv.conf
sudo ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
reboot


Setting up a collaboration website and can't seem to get the permissions right

Make sure the directory permissions are correct:
http://www.techrepublic.com/article/linux-file-and-directory-permissions/

  Directory permissions

  Permissions for directories aren't exactly the same as they are for
  files. Here are some typical permissions required on directories:

Execute permission is required for a user to cd into a directory.
Read permission is required for a user to use a command such as ls to view the files contained in a directory.
Execute-only permission allows a user to access the files in a directory as long as the user knows the names of the files in the directory, and the user is allowed to read the files.
Write permission allows the user to create, delete, or modify any files or subdirectories, even if the file or subdirectory is owned by another user


How can I detect which driver a device is using?

$ sudo lspci | grep 3D
01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM107M [GeForce GTX 950M] (rev a2)

I used a generic '3D" to find my graphics card. Note the 01:00 in front of the line and then do a ...

$ find /sys | grep drivers.*01:00
/sys/bus/pci/drivers/nouveau/0000:01:00.0

So I am using the "nouveau" driver. When I change it to the 3rd party driver it will show ...

$ find /sys | grep drivers.*01:00
/sys/bus/pci/drivers/nvidia/0000:01:00.0

But you can also open "additional drivers" in the "software&updates" from dash. There most times are only 2 options: open source and 3rd party.


Bluetooth Connection Reconnecting Problem With All Samsung Phones!

I encountered this problem when I tried to install Adesk animation wallpaper. Upon not be able to successfully get it working I uninstall it only to be faced with the problem, 'Bluetooth Permission Denied error(13)' each time I tried to transfer files from my Samasung galaxy s II to my system. The following solution helped, which is a repeat post by AskUbuntu.com on link below.

link Bluetooth permission denied denerror 13

Solution:

apt repo upgrade as below

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:blueman/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get upgrade

It worked for me.I had the same error about two days ago.


You should try to install the package unity8-desktop-session-mir.
Instead of unity8 lxc, it offers a fully usable session under unity8.

The only problem is that a can't install apps from the store (click errors).


It worth mentioning that the reporter has also fired a bug for this: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1125052

So it will be also tracked there...


Very slow file copy speed (disk to disk)

The files might be badly fragmented.  You can check that with the filefrag command.  Also there might be a problem with the disk.  Check /var/log/dmesg for errors relating to that disk.


Looking arch wiki they mentioned the chipset rtl8811au and they suggest a packet for its drivers.

sudo apt install dkms
git clone https://github.com/zebulon2/rtl8812au.git
cd ./rtl8812au
sudo ./dkms-install.sh

So fallowing these command you can install the full working driver and get your rtl8811au wifi dongle works without issues !


Booting Ubuntu12.10 USB on Asus X401a Win8

Well, after much trial and error (and ignoring work and sleep) I figured out the proper settings in the bios. So here you go:

Under 'Security' disable 'Secure Boot Control'

Under 'Boot' disable 'Fast Boot', then enable 'Launch CSM', then enable 'Launch PXE OpROM'

Save changes and restart. On restart press the esc key and choose to boot from USB.


Ubuntu 20.04 GCP VM SSH Text suddenly turned bold and cursor is misplaced!

I have the same issue with 20.04 VMs provisioned on GCP today.
It seems I have this workaround: when starting a second SSH the screen resets on the first session and the cursor is then again well aligned (but the new one is not, at least until you start a third session)
When starting 2 sessions just after each other, it seems both come up working. Maybe they reset each other ?!?.
This only a workaround. I too would like a permanent fix :-)

Edit July 13, added screenshot
Click to see screenshot


As user535733 commented you cannot have privacy or integrity without authentication. If you could boot the system without a pass phrase then anybody could. However there are other authentication methods like key cards, fingerprint readers or other biometry; all of them require the presence of an authorized operator though.


Why can't i install mediatomb on ubuntu 18.04?

Apparently Mediatomb is now unmaintained. https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/MediaTomb - recommended alternative is Gerbera. https://gerbera.io


What happened to the Visual Effects tab, in the Appearance window?

Install compizconfig-settings-manager

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Warning: What are some of the issues with CCSM and why would I want to avoid it?

Launch CompizConfig Settings
Manager by searching from the dash
in Unity, or Preferences >
CompizConfig Settings Manager in
Ubuntu Classic.
Click on the Animations tab.

From here, you may adjust all of the
various window animations to your
liking

.


How to install LaTeX package called "standalone" properly so I can get update with Synaptic package manager?

I'm the author of standalone. It is newer than TeX Live 2009, which is the version installed by Ubuntu and Debian. The current TeX Live version is 2011. If you install the vanilla version directly you get a TeX packages manager called tlmgr which can be used to install and update packages as long as they are part of TeX Live. I heavily recommend you to do a manual install. You can find instructions on TeX.SX: How to install “vanilla” TeXLive on Debian or Ubuntu?

Then you can install standalone with the following command:

tlmgr install standalone

BTW, you can update the packages and tlmgr itself using:

tlmgr update --self --all

An alternative is to install only the package manually. This can be very easily done using the TDS ZIP file available under http://mirrors.ctan.org/install/macros/latex/contrib/standalone.tds.zip. Simply unzip it in your local TEXMF folder, usally ~/texmf. You might need to run texhash ~/texmf afterwards.


How to Save Filters with PNG in Inkscape

You are probably not exporting the whole image. I think by default Inkscape exports only what you have currently selected. So when you export, make sure you have everything you want selected, or choose "Page" in the export type.


sshfs is mounting filesystems as another user

It's worth a try to explicitly set the UID/GID. This could be done, for example, using the sshfs options:

uid=$(id -u),gid=$(id -g)

or

uid=$(id -u someuser),gid=$(id -g somegroup)

See https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/SSHFS#Secure_user_access for more details.


There are lots of threads out there on this with various solutions.  This one suggests using "fix broken packages" in recovery mode to enable r/w.  There is a comment in this post suggesting enabling networking helped.


If you edit /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades and change Prompt=lts to Prompt=normal - then it will update.


I do not see serious problems here.

You should login onto the first text terminal (accessible with Ctrl+Alt+F1) and then install software from here.

Carefully read the contents of APT log-files with more /var/log/apt/history.log and more /var/log/apt/term.log and then install removed packages manually with something like:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install removed-app-name

If your desktop was removed too, then use something like:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop^ # if you had Ubuntu GNOME desktop
#sudo apt install ubuntu-unity-desktop # if you had Ubuntu Unity desktop
#sudo apt install kubuntu-desktop^ # if you had Kubuntu
#sudo apt install ubuntu-mate-desktop^ # if you had Ubuntu with MATE DE


SSH conection problem after write an invalid alias

If the problem is within your ~/.bashrc file, then any of the following should work:

open an interactive bash shell in place of the default login shell, but skip the rc files

ssh -t remotename@adress.com 'bash --norc'

open a different interactive shell that doesn't read ~/.bashrc

ssh -t remotename@adress.com '/bin/sh'

open your remote user's ~/.bashrc for editing directly so that you can fix it

ssh -t remotename@adress.com 'nano ~/.bashrc'

The -t requests allocation of a tty so that you can execute interactive commands without invoking the usual login shell.


How do I reconfigure keyboard shortcuts for copy and paste?

Various config things needed changing to get the results I wanted:

In Firefox, about:config
ui.key.accelKey 18
ui.key.menuAccessKey 17This makes the Alt+C,  Alt+V and Alt+W the keyboard shortcuts for Firefox rather than the corresponding Ctrl keys.
In gnome-terminal, edit->keyboard shortcuts, turn off "Enable menu access keys", change the copy, paste, etc., to Alt+C,  Alt+V, etc.  (This may have been the default that I changed some time in the past.)
In .synergy-conf, remove alt = super, super = alt.  Now, Alt on the Ubuntu keyboard is the Command key on the Mac.  Now, I just use Alt instead of Win; no big deal.  (The Unity window manager seems to "own" the Win key; it seemed the path of least resistance to just change my habit here... and the Alt key is more like the location of the Command key on the Mac.)
Disable "New Terminal - Alt-T" in system keyboard shortcuts so it can be used for "New Tab" in gnome-terminal and Firefox.

Thanks for the pointers... I'd forgotten about the Firefox about:config change I had made way back when, which was an essential piece to the puzzle.


Keyboard layout of terminal through X11 ssh tunnel is wrong - how to fix?

I had a similar problem but later I found it is not a host problem, instead a client-side problem.

I was using OSX and xer on terminal shown wrong keyboard catch.

You can check some discussions here.


Turns out I just had to remove the lines

        gateway 10.0.0.1
        broadcast 10.0.0.255

from /etc/network/interfaces. It then passes requests it doesn't know about on to the main router on the WiFi interface. Note however that the clients connected by wire don't get internet access with this, but this isn't much of an issue for me so I don't really care.


Try this command for 64 Bit Linux:

sudo sed -i -e 's/deb http/deb [arch=amd64] http/' "/etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list"


from here

  Music Player Daemon (MPD) is a flexible, powerful, server-side
  application for playing music. Through plugins and libraries it can
  play a variety of sound files while being controlled by its network
  protocol.

It is available in the ubuntu 18.04 repo:

sudo apt install mpd

after installing mpd create the conf file:

sudo cat /etc/mpd.conf | tee ~/.mpdconf

create the mpd dir and some files:

mkdir /home/$USER/Music/mpd
mkdir /home/$USER/Music/mpd/playlists
touch /home/$USER/Music/mpd/{mpd.log,tag_cache,pid}

edit the conf file:

nano ~/.mpdconf

and change appriopriate portions to the values here

music_directory     "/home/USER/Music"
playlist_directory      "/home/USER/Music/mpd/playlists"
db_file         "/home/USER/Music/mpd/tag_cache"
log_file            "/home/USER/Music/mpd/mpd.log"
pid_file            "/home/USER/Music/mpd/pid"
state_file          "/home/USER/Music/mpd/state"
sticker_file                   "/home/USER/Music/mpd/sticker.sql"
#user               "mpd"
bind_to_address     "0.0.0.0"
port                "6600"
#save_absolute_paths_in_playlists   "no"
#auto_update    "yes"
#zeroconf_enabled       "yes"
#zeroconf_name          "MPD Music Player"
#password                        "password@read,add,control,admin"

audio_output {
    type        "alsa"
    name        "My ALSA Device"
{
filesystem_charset      "UTF-8"

It is importtant to that the user parameter is commented else you may get errors during running.
Also replace USER with your username

Then kill mpd from running systemwide:

sudo pkill mpd
sudo systemctl disable mpd

and make it start on login:
~/.config/autostart/mpd.desktop

and paste

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Type=Application
Name=Music Player Daemon
Comment=Server for playing audio files
Exec=mpd
StartupNotify=false
Terminal=false
Hidden=false

now start the music server:

mpd

Download the android app mpdroid

Afterwards connect both android and the board to the same network. start mpddroid and enter your servers ip and mpd port (6600). Firewall ports should also be properly setup to allow the android client access

refenence:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MPD


As stated on the comments, that concept of application root directory generally don't apply to Ubuntu packages, but to compressed archives (.tar.gz or .zip, for example) that you can extract to somewhere you want. There the root directory may be the directory you extracted (if the compressed file contains a directory).

In your specific case, the application root seems to be in /usr/share/dbeaver. You can try to place there the files but you will need root permission. Also it is not a very good solution, so check one of the following options first.

In your case, you seem to be trying to install this, and the manual driver installation should only be needed if you downloaded the .zip version. From the website:

  Note: Generally you don’t need to download this archive. It may be useful if you are going to use DBeaver in an environment without internet access.

So check if the application don't comes already with those drivers. If not check if it has not a functionality inside the application to install them.

Indeed the application allows you to install the drivers, but for some reason the installation always fails (on the .deb version, maybe because of no write permission). So you have two options:

Download the .zip version and uninstall the .deb version: after you download just extract the folder contained on that archive and place it wherever you want. The root directory of the application will be that directory so you just place there the needed .jar's. If it doesn't work try place them on the plugins subdir.
You will have to specify the paths to the drivers on the application. Go to "Database" -> "Driver manager". There select the driver you want and press "Edit". You will see something asking you to install the driver. Press "OK".

It will then probably fail but press "Ignore". You will see the following screen:

delete the red item (by selecting it and pressing "Delete") and use "Add Folder" to specify the location where you extracted the JDBC drivers.

Hope it helps.


Can I install Ubuntu on a Mac? (NO Dual Boot just Ubuntu)

Possible duplicate How to install Ubuntu on a Mac and keep OSX?

There's also nice Wiki article by Ubuntu Community on the topic; https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MactelSupportTeam/AppleIntelInstallation

Jump over to Single-Boot: Ubuntu Only section.


If your purpose is to find all files and directories accessible by you, use find utility with -group flag.

 sudo find / -group $USER  | less

If you want to filter out only directories, use -type flag

 sudo find / -type d -group $USER  | less

More info in man find. Ownership of files found might belong to root, but if a file belongs to your group, as well as has read permissions for your group, you can access those files

To find files owned by you , use -user flag

find / -user $USER -ls | less

On a side note, you may want to search without sudo, because if a file is owned by you but not readable by others, it may throw error for sudo

To avoid errors in the output, use 2>/dev/null redirection.
Like so

find / -user $USER -ls 2> /dev/null | less


Nvdia driver causing problems after update

This happens to me.
I did a bug report for this issue. Please, mark as it happens to you:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/compiz/+bug/984441

To mark it as it happens also to you, click in the green text "This bug affects you?"


Create encrypted file container without installing additional applications

I am compiling this as an answer, but a much more comprehensive explanation can be found at this link. I recommend reading through it.

To create a file container encrypted with LUKS/dm-crypt, using cryptsetup as the user-space tool (both available in Ubuntu repositories), follow these steps:

Create the actual container, containing random data:

sudo dd if=/dev/urandom of=/path/to/your/file.bin bs=1M count=1024

This will create a 1GB (1024 x 1MB) container at the location you specify in the of parameter, adapt the size to your need via the count parameter.

Mount the file container as a loopback device:

sudo losetup -f --show /path/to/your/file.bin

Note the loop device number that is assigned by losetup.

Create the encrypted container:

sudo cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/loopX

where you replace loopX with the actual device number you noted just before. Choose your password when prompted. You can verify that the container has been correctly formatted by LUKS by doing

sudo cryptsetup luksDump /dev/loopX

Map the encrypted container (you can replace c1 by whatever name you want):

sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/loopX c1

Create a filesystem in the mapped container - here I use ext4:

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/c1

Finally, mount the file system anywhere you want:

sudo mount /dev/mapper/c1 /mnt

After that, to use the container you repeat steps 2, 4 and 6. This can easily be automated in a script.

LUKS encryption has many other useful features, such as keyslots, detached headers etc. that I let you discover for yourself.

And remember, the single most important thing when encrypting stuff is CHOOSE A STRONG PASSWORD.


Failed to add /run/systemd/ask-password to directory watch: No space left on device?

As discussed in a Red Hat bug report, it turns out that the Crashplan back-up service is the most likely culprit. It uses many inotify watches and, eventually, eats them all up.

The immediate fix is to run:

sudo -i
echo 1048576 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
exit

to make more watches available.

The long-term fix is to edit the file /etc/sysctl.conf to include the line:

fs.inotify.max_user_watches=1048576


Cannot uninstall Sublime Text via Software Center

I can understand that you could have missed it (it is kind of a "hidden feature"), but if you go to "Installed", only a small selection of the installed applications is shown (and findable). At the left bottom of the window however, there is a grey link, saying "show (number) more items".

Click on it and you'll find sublime-text. If you click on "All Software", you will also find it by simply entering it in the search box by the way.


No sound on a clean install Ubuntu 12.10

Open the terminal and type: "sudo alsamixer". Then make sure all bars are at 100%, and are not muted (MM). Otherwise, select the bar and press M.


What is the Gnome equivalent to KDE KControl?

You're looking for gnome-control-center. Its not exposed in the UI, but you can access it via the Run As dialog or the terminal.


The notify-send has trouble putting notifications on a user's screen when called from a script run by root or another user.

You should use:

output("export DISPLAY=:0; sudo -u {0} notify-send \"{1}\" \"{2}\"".format(user, title, message))

So, use:

export DISPLAY=:0

Normally a user is on display :0, but to be sure, you can find which display a user is on using who command as follow:

who | grep -m1 ^username.*\( | awk '{print $5}' | sed 's/[(|)]//g'

This worked for me in this script.

See also: Can I launch a graphical program on another user's desktop as root?


How Can I Suppress "Load Fallback Graphics Devices" and "Plymouth Upstart Bridge" Messages During Ubuntu Server 14.04 Boot-Up?

After obtaining additional information in the comments, adding "quiet" to the grub options resolved the problem.

On a server, use nano or vi(m) to edit /etc/default/grub

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Look for the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT line

add quiet at the end of the option, in this case

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="ro noplymouth quiet"

Next, update grub

sudo update-grub

For additional information, See How do I add a kernel boot parameter?


How do you install a .sfw firmware file?

Download the visualizer .deb file from your link.

According to the manual,

  It contains a programming tool for updating Sweep’s firmware. A full
  tutorial for using the visualizer can be found in software support
  section at support.scanse.io.


Failed to connect to WPA2/PEAP/MSCHAPv2 enterprise Wi-Fi network

I'm not sure why it worked, but apparently my office-mate was able to resolve this issue by deleting the saved network connection and then using the "Connect to Hidden Network" menu to setup the connection. This menu can be accessed by clicking the wifi icon on the top bar.

For whatever reason, this seemed to resolve the issue for them. It's a poor answer and without justification, but maybe it'll work for you too. Although I'm more than a month late.


Bash Scripting: Writing/Adding text to an existing file

You'll have to elaborate more in your question if you're looking for more.  This should get you started.

#!/bin/bash

file=database.dat

echo "Enter a username:"
read username

grep -i "$username" "$file"

if [ $? == 0 ] ; then echo "User already exists"
 exit 1
else
 echo "$username" >> "$file"
fi

Here is the output...

ubuntu@ubuntu-xenial:~/t2$ ./test.sh
Enter a username:
myname
ubuntu@ubuntu-xenial:~/t2$ ./test.sh
Enter a username:
myname
myname
User already exists
ubuntu@ubuntu-xenial:~/t2$


How can I get the Default files .. Networks / Hosts / resolve / and whatever else I changed to try and get up my webserver?

Issueing dpkg-reconfigure -a on the shell will reconfigure most of your system. This will recover most of the config files as well.
Files about your network and your nameserver are not really generic, so you should rather use the ones fitting to your setup and not someone else's.

However, here is are a generalization of my config files..

/etc/resolv.conf

 # this nameserver is running by Google.
 # Change IP to your local router or ISP's dns server for improved privacy(disputed)
nameserver 8.8.8.8

/etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   localhost.localdomain   localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1     localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
ff02::3 ip6-allhosts

/etc/network/interfaces

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
# DHCP use
# comment out the following line to use static IP settings

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

# static IP use. uncomment to use
#iface eth0 inet static
#    address 192.168.1.90
#    netmask 255.255.255.0
#    network 192.168.1.90
#    broadcast 192.168.1.255
#    gateway 192.168.1.1


It turns out that the problem is occurring very often for my hosting service, DigitalOcean.

Because I didn't look for a DigitalOcean-related problem, I didn't see that the problem has been resolved on Stack Overflow.

From linked post:

JAVA_OPTS="-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom -Djava.awt.headless=true -Xmx1024m -XX:MaxPermSize=512m -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC"

Adding the line above in /etc/default/tomcat7 and restarting the service resolved the problem.


How can I define a custom colour background for a slide in LibreOffice Impress?

First, add your color to LibreOffice. For this, go to Tools → Options → LibreOffice → Colors and click on Add. Then, the custom color shows up in the possible background colors.


Mysql package mysql-server-5.6 uninstallation error

Remove MySql completely:

1.Stop the MySql Database Server

sudo service mysql stop

OR

sudo service mysqld stop

2.Kill all the MySql related processes

sudo killall -9 mysql
sudo killall -9 mysqld

3.Remove the MySql files and related dependencies

sudo apt-get remove --purge mysql-server mysql-client mysql-common
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean

4. Delete Database User

sudo deluser mysql

5.At last , delete all MySql related directories

sudo rm -rf /var/log/mysql*
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql*
sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql*


Command to change permissions only on files not directories

Without xargs

find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;

or with xargs

find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 -I {} chmod 644 {}

the used xargs switches

-0 If there are blank spaces or characters (including newlines) many commands will not work. This option take cares of file names with blank space.
-I Replace occurrences of replace-str in the initial-arguments with names read from standard input. Also, unquoted blanks do not terminate input items; instead the separator is the newline character.

Explanation taken from here


#!/bin/bash

filename="./file" # change this filename according to your requirements
red=$'\e[31m'
reset=$'\e[0m'

# read single line from $filename in $line (see last "done", last line of code)
while read -r line; do

  # loop over every single word in $line
  for word in $line; do
    vc=$(tr -cd '[aeiouAEIOU]' <<< "$word") # remove all but vowels

    case ${#vc} in                          # ${#vc}: number of vowels
      0)                                    # no vowel
        sed -E "s/^./${red}&${reset}/" <<< "$word"
        ;;
      1)                                    # one vowel
        sed -E "s/^([^aeiou]*)([aeiou]+)(.*)$/\1${red}\2${reset}\3/i" <<< "$word"
        ;;
      *)                                    # two or more vowels
        sed -E "s/^([^aeiou]*[aeiou][^aeiou]*)([aeiou])(.*)$/\1${red}\2${reset}\3/i" <<< "$word"
        ;;
    esac

  done | tr "\n" " "
  echo
done < "$filename"

Disadvantage: You loose consecutive whitespaces and tabs in output.

More information: help <command> or man <command> or info <command>


How can I identify what is causing my laptop to lag?

So after a little, digging around, it seems that I updated the drivers not once, but twice in a row. NDISwrapper did the job (allows linux users to update windows-native drivers for their wifi hardware). My streaming on YouTube, KissAnime, and even my girlfriend's Netflix account  is flawless (and faster than her younger Lenovo with 16gb ram). Can't wait to put the SSD in later today. Kudos to Zeiss, who got me on the right track.


I suspect there's a problem with the archives in the mirror you are using.

Try opening "Update Manager", click "Settings" and on the "Ubuntu software" tab choose a different "Download from" server.

Then check for updates again and then try apt-get install again.


If Ubuntu's only using 1.3GB of your 8GB of RAM, it probably doesn't need to use a swapfile.

Is there any reason you want it to? RAM is usually faster, I think.

If you start using more RAM, there's no need to worry -- Ubuntu will use swap space as needed.


How to get rights for audio files on ubuntu phone?

There should be no difference in the permissions for those files. How did you get them on the phone? Are you copying them in Nautilus over the MTP connection? What is the exact error?
You can check the file permissions and ownership in a terminal window using adb shell or phablet-shell from your PC over the USB connection, or using terminal-app on the phone
ls -l /home/phablet/Music


How do I allow ImageJ to update its ij.jar file stored in /usr/share/java?

You have two options:

The quicker option: (not recommended) You can run your program as root using sudo (or gksudo, if it is a GUI application). This grants the program the right to modify whatever file it desires, but may also allow it to edit unintended files. This might be a security risk, especially if it contains a bug that might damage your system.
The safer option: You modify the access privileges of the single file you want to have updated. That way, your program may run under your normal user account and can not cause more damage than usual. You just have to execute two simple terminal commands:

First, allow all users to modify the file:

sudo chmod o+w /usr/share/java/ij.jar

Then you start your program and let it do the update. Close it again afterwards. Now remove the write permission for all users on the file again:

sudo chmod o-w /usr/share/java/ij.jar

That already was the whole procedure.


Change multiple filenames by replacing a character

In a terminal, cd into the right directory and then run this.

rename 's/\:/-/g' *.png -vn

This will preview the renaming. It should replace : with -.

If that looks right, remove the n from the end and then it will do the actual renaming.

Note: Ubuntu versions above 17.04 don't ship with rename, but it's still available in the default repositories, so use sudo apt install rename to obtain it


Apparently the problem I'm having has to do with the number of partitions.

When I go to Disk Management, there are 4 partitions - OEM partition, Recovery (primary), System (primary) and Win 7 (primary). I thought that the OEM one would not count towards the 4 primary partitions limit. But apparently it does.

I could not delete any of these partitions except for the Recovery one, so that's what I ended up doing.

EDIT: apparently the OEM partition doesn't count as primary, however Ubuntu requires 2 primary partitions by itself, which is why it refused to go through with the installation. At any rate, it would have been nice to see a notice about insufficient primary partitions or something, instead of just rebooting the system.


Is there a way to force destroy a machine?

You can use the juju remove-machine --force command to force this:

  Machines that are responsible for the environment cannot be removed. Machines
  running units or containers can only be removed with the --force flag; doing
  so will also remove all those units and containers without giving them any
  opportunity to shut down cleanly.

Examples:

Remove machine number 5 which has no running units or containers:

juju remove-machine 5

Remove machine 6 and any running units or containers

juju remove-machine 6 --force

Source:

juju help remove-machine


You can use setterm command:

setterm -term linux -back <background_colour> -force <text_color> -clear

From the colors, you can chose from (both force-and background):

  Black|blue|green|cyan|red|megenta|yellow|white|default|

Fore more options:

setterm -help


Ubuntu 14.04.3LTS 64-bit - apt-get update error , Hash Sum mismatch

Ok found a solution to my problem

in the file "/etc/apt/sources.list" i just commented out these two line:

deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main

it fixed the issue and now apt-get update finishes with no errors but i still don't know if this is the correct way of fixing this issue.


Installing Ubuntu along with windows 7 on shrunk partition

I have just lived through this!

Consider what I have done as an unfinished test. I don't really know (and may never need to know) if what I did will work for me in all situations.

Steps:

I created the HP/Win7 back up DVDs.  I think you will need 5 DVDs to do this. There were 4 primary partitions on my HP HDD.  I think they were the BOOT(small), MAIN(huge), BACKUP(not big) & HPTOOLS(small) partitions.  I am lead to believe that the software to create the DVDs is in the HPTOOLS partition.  And that the DVDs are a copy of the BACKUP partition.  But I could be wrong about that last point.  Regardless, HP will only let you create (at least they say so when you do the backup) 1 set of DVDs per laptop.  By all means do this.  It only costs you your time and 5 DVD.
At this point I felt I could do away with either the BACKUP partition or the HPTOOLS partition.  I chose to delete the HPTOOLS partition even though the placement of the undeleted BACKUP partition meant I would not be able to use about 5% of the HDD.  As an added precaution, I did a disk dump of the HPTOOLS partition to an ordinary file in the Win7 partition. The "dd" (disk dump) application is an old Unix command.  I was booted up in the Ubuntu Live CD under "try it" when doing this backup.
After the precautionary "dd" I deleted the HPTOOLS partition.  I believe this was primary partition number 4 (of 1 to 4).
While booted up in Win7 you should probably run the de-fragmentation application on your Win7 partition.  Make sure the disk is empty enough to be shrunk to the desired size.
I used gparted to shrink my Windows 7 partition. The Ubuntu installer might be able to do this as well.
Now the Ubuntu installer should offer up the option of installing Ubuntu "alongside" Win7.  Before, with 4 primary partitions already on the HDD, the Ubuntu installer only offered me to install Ubuntu "into" the Win7 partition.

That got me to being able to dual boot my new HP laptop.


Is it possible to update Vuze 4.3 to 4.7?

To get Vuze 4.7 do this:

Uninstall your current version of Vuze.
Get the most current version Here
Extract the file
Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your
keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, navigate to the folder
where the file was extracted, probably /Downloads/vuze
Run the azureus executable, by typing ./azureus

Enjoy!


What is the HUD-service responsible for?

The HUD or Head-Up Display was introduced in release 12.04. It is still being developped and perfected and meant to ultimately replace menus in Unity.

This wiki should definitely help you understand some of the intent and portent of HUD (hud-service) as an integral part of the unity architecture. It is meant to be and functions as an "intent-driven interface" meant to facilitate the management of the desktop's applications' menu interface, the GUI end of it being the visible std-out (display).

To most users hud-service remains obscure and a "background thing". In fact its central promise is that it will help tap users' actions' predictability in navigating the GUI.

If you turn that service off you will arguably downgrade the efficiency of your GUI management in terms of responsiveness and RAM usage. Remember that Unity is a rather chunky bit of software and it puts a strain on any system, however big it happens to be.
HTH


You can use a program called 'epoptes' and then reboot the clients. The clients will then show up in detected clients within the server side app and you can right client on each and go to 'Information' This will give you a summary of hardware on each client.


Takes too much time to update battery status on power failure

Finally I found a solution, thanks to @WinEunuuchs2Unix for the suggestions

Like described here:

Get battery status to update more often or on AC power/wake.

All the problem is with upower, the UPower service does calls for updating/refreshing battery information.

Then you need force a refresh, firstly get your device name:

upower -e

  /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/ups_hiddev0

create a batch:

keep-battery-updated.sh

#!/bin/bash
while sleep 2; do
   busctl call --system org.freedesktop.UPower /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/ups_hiddev0 org.freedesktop.UPower.Device Refresh
done

and add it as a startup script.

  I configure the script with 2 second between refresh, change it as you wish.