file_get_contents, get_headers, and curl have stopped working with error: Connection refused

I reset Fail2ban, and something seems to have come back to work...

But I have absolutely no idea how the server managed to block itself via Fail2ban...

Any ideas? Above all, any ideas to prevent this from happening again in the future?


Assigning shortcuts (accelerators) to Nautilus 3

The solution is nearly the same as the answer in the question you linked to, except you need to use dconf-editor instead of gconf-editor. I had to install dconf-editor, which if I remember correctly, comes with the dconf-tools package. Also, the killall nautilus ... command did not appear to be necessary.

So, once you've got dconf-editor, run it.

Go to org/gnome/desktop/interface.
Check the box for can-change-accels.
Open Nautilus and highlight the menu item whose key binding you want to change, either with your mouse or via the keyboard, and press the key(s) you want to use as the shortcut.
Don't forget to uncheck can-change-accels in dconf-editor after you're done.


I need to edit the kernel of the boot loader.

This doesn't make sense. What you meant to say was that you need to modify the kernel commandline - or, in other words: you need to give the Linux kernel some extra parameters at boot.

All you need to do is edit /etc/default/grub. Open a terminal and execute:

pkexec gedit /etc/default/grub

Find the line that starts "GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=". Add nomodeset to the end of whatever is in the quotes (even if there's nothing in the quotes).

When you're done, save and close gedit. Then execute:

sudo update-grub

You will be prompted to type your password. Even though there's no characters on screen, your password input is still being accepted.

Reboot.


Unable to install php5-dev package in ubuntu 12.10

I just tried installing php5-dev package in Ubuntu 12.10, and I didn't have any problems.  It installed fine.

I'm including images of my software sources, just so you can compare with yours.

I also suggest the you just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below prior to installing:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade


How to move all files to a directory in a same folder


I know this response is late, but I'm posting it here in case anyone comes across this issue in the future and finds this post as I have.
The issue is actually with the packaged version of the speedtest-cli on Ubuntu 18.04. I don't know exactly what the issue is that causes the upload to be capped around 4mbps but I have found plenty of other people that have had this exact issue.
The solution is to remove the packaged version and use the latest version from github instead.
apt remove speedtest-cli
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sivel/speedtest-cli/master/speedtest.py


You can use find command to find all your files and execute touch on every found file using -exec

find . -type f -exec touch {} +

If you want to filter your result only for text files, you can use

find . -type f -name "*.txt" -exec touch {} +


Ubuntu does not work with Nvidia drivers, gives random squares after logging in

Certain classes of NVidia cards are notoriously poor with Linux. Especially when using the open source Nouveau drivers. So you need to say what card it is.

I have a 7600GS. This card NEVER works with the open source NVidia drivers, it gives the issues you mention. The trick is to either switch to VESA generic drivers until you can install NVidia's own drivers or boot to a command line only, then install the NVidia drivers and start X or reboot.

The BinaryDriverHowto/Nvidia page in the Ubuntu documentation has further information about swapping drivers including how to do this from a command line using the jockey-text command.


Any pointers to installing 12.04 on a single core dual xeon processor server (32 bit) with a new hard drive

Niiice box.

Step 1. Go into BIOS and set up RAID 0. If you don't have raid 0, follow this guide.
Guide: https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/advanced-installation.html

Step 2. You want to grab the Server ISO and burn it to a disk.
Link: http://releases.ubuntu.com/12.04.3/ubuntu-12.04.3-server-i386.iso

Step 3. Insert the CD and boot from it. Follow the wizard.

Finally, you want a file server, right? So you install SAMBA!
There are many documentations on Google on how to do that. Just search "SAMBA ubuntu server 12.04"

Configure that, and you're good to go!
Welcome to the wonderful world of Ubuntu, friend!


The juju controller node is actually in a different model.  You can see it as long as you have the right permissions by doing:

dpb@helo:~[]$ juju models
Controller: localhost-localhost

Model        Cloud/Region         Status     Machines  Access  Last connection
controller*  localhost/localhost  available         1  admin   just now
default      localhost/localhost  available         0  admin   2018-02-26

Then, use juju switch MODEL_NAME to switch between them.  You have to be in the controller model to modify what used to be referred to as the bootstrap node (now called controller).


I believe it's set by the menu Edit=>Preferences, Views tab, under Icon View Defaults, by the checkbox Text beside icons.


Based on an answer on Super User to this question: sshfs device is busy, the only thing that worked for me is
sudo pkill -9 sshfs


How to add/restore workspace on the launcher?

I also lost my workspace switcher somehow, but got it back by checking the "Enable workspaces"-checkbox in "Appearance -> Behavior"


Upgrade from 15.10 to 16.04 now Simple Desktop Display Manager (SDDM) won't start

Run sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

You will be shown a screen like this:

Select lightdm, press TAB (to select the OK button) and ENTER.

Then run systemctl disable sddm

If you don't plan on ever using sddm again uninstall with sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove sddm

Reboot and you should be presented with the lightdm login screen (unless autologin is enabled, then you will go to Desktop).


Strategy to deal with Canonical's increasingly poor QA?

The drastic alternative is to switch to Debian Stable, rather than any *buntu or derivative thereof, because Debian Stable has been through its full QA process, whereas Ubuntu is derived from Debian Testing, which has some way to go before it becomes Stable.

Almost all knowledge is directly transferable, but Debian will not give you all the latest cosmetic "bells and whistles". However, it has more packages in its repository...

I switched to Debian,  in my case with KDE, coming from Kubuntu, about 5 years ago, having had similar problems. But it comes down to personal choice.


Boot into Windows 10 system and disable hibernation.
Open command prompt as administrator and execute :

powercfg /h off

Open the old version of Windows Control Panel.
Go to the Power Settings ... disable Fast startup.

Shutdown the PC completely - do NOT reboot !
Boot into BIOS and select Ubuntu as default OS.

In case GRUB does not appear, reinstall it.
Boot from the Ubuntu installation media.
On desktop open a terminal and execute :

sudo mount /dev/sd*** /mnt
sudo mount /dev/sd** /mnt/boot/efi
for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i; done
sudo chroot /mnt
grub-install /dev/sd*
update-grub

Note:

sd* = disk | sd** = efi partition | sd*** = system partition

To identify the partition numbers use GParted.
It is included in the Ubuntu installation media.
This assumes system installation in EFI mode.


What is the difference between a daemon and a server process?

A server does things on request (SSH connection, FTP/HTTP requests...).
By contrast a daemon has a life of its own, and responds to system events or to periodic actions. For instance the fail2ban daemon periodically looks for brute-force attempts in login logs and bans the corresponding addresses. Other daemons manage logs (truncate/compress) or the network connections (NetworkManager)...


No HDD shows up during install 12.04 on Lenovo U410

I am facing the same Problem. Because I uninstall the dmraid package during the installation within the Ubuntu-Live-System i could see both disks and install Ubuntu. But this breaks the RAID0 and the ntfs file system got damaged. So I flashed the disk and started from the scratch.

In my View you have 2 Options, beside the one you described:

Deactivate the Intel Smart Response Technology within Windows using the GUI, change the SATA mode in the BIOS from RAID to normal. Then your Ubuntu installer should recognize both disks.
(But beware, I don't know how Windows or rather ntfs behaves if you deactivate the RAID mode. Your ntfs filesystem could also get damaged)
I investigated a little this special RAID0 (stripping) mode. In the Ubuntu-Live-System it should be able to address the RAID using the dmraid or the mdadm package (Without breaking the RAID).
http://www.intel.com/support/chipsets/imsm/sb/cs-020663.htm
Theoretically it should be possible to install Ubuntu on the SSD. Implied the Intel Rapid Storage Technology is configured with just 18,6GB of the 32GB SSD (Intel RST can be used with at least 18,6GB and at most 64GB). I don't know with how much space the Intel RST is configured out of the box after the purchase

Soon I will try Option 2 myself. I flashed the whole system, installed Windows and configured the Intel Rapid Storage Technology with just 18,6GB.


Try the URL Dispatcher. I don't know if it will work typing the scheme directly into the browser's location bar, but it should work if you click a link with that scheme or if another app tries to open a URL with that scheme.


Copied files from mac partition to /root. But the /-partition is still full?

you moved files probably from /root to /root/.local/share/Trash
That should be on the same partition. You want to move them to a different partition like e.g. /home


Once you install the Chrome Remote Desktop, all the windows are opened in a virtual desktop/workspace (which you can connect to remotely). The audio is also routed to the same desktop/workspace. After logging out of the current session and logging back in, you assume control over the current active session and everything seems to work.

If you want a quick solution to get your system working, just switch to a different virtual desktop (CtrlAltF4) and enter

sudo apt-get autoremove chrome-remote-desktop

after logging in to your account on the virtual desktop.
To resume back on the gnome session, use CtrlAltF2.

Alternatively, MDMower provided a great answer on configuring your Chrome Remote Desktop installation here:
https://superuser.com/questions/778028/configuring-chrome-remote-desktop-with-ubuntu-gnome-14-04/#answer-850359


Errors after installing flat remix gnome theme using terminal

I solved this problem

Into file /var/lib/dpkg/info/flat-remix-gnome.postinst has a command make and package is not installed: make: not found

I started Ubuntu with recovery mode and installed the package make, after reboot this problem has been solved


How to recover boot filesystem from a tar archive

You can restore your whole tar archive but do it from a Live CD/USB instead. tar will not core dump this time.

In either case, once done you need to run update-grub to update grub config file.

If you do it from a Live CD/USB you need to chroot into the mounted  partition before running update-grub like this:

sudo -i
mount /dev/sda4 /mnt
# you need to mount your boot partition if you have one
mount -o bind /sys /mnt/sys
mount -o proc /mnt/rpoc
mount -o dev /mnt/dev
chroot /mnt
update-grub
exit
umount /mnt/sys
umount /mnt/proc
umount /mnt/dev


Server stuck at black screen after reboot

Maybe something wrong with the GPU feeding data. See this answer: Black screen after updating Ubuntu 11.04 and Mobility HD 4250 which leads to the X/Troubleshooting/Blank screen Wiki, containing useful information to solve these issues.

What I did to solve of GPU feeding data failure was editing the grub.cfg file by dropping the next in a terminal:

sudo gedit /boot/grub/grub.cfg

As mentioned on "Workaround B" in the Wiki page. Then remove the "splash" word on each grub's entry. And the problem was solved.

You can either edit grub.cfg file via Live Session with a CD/DVD or USB bootable. And there are some other workarounds that may help you.

I hope you find a solution soon.

Good luck!


"Dependancy is not satisfiable" in trying to install two drivers for my Epson NX420 printer/scanner

There are two versions of the iscan_2.29 deb-file, one with ltdl3 in the filename and one with ltdl7. For Ubuntu 12.10 you need to download the iscan_2.29.1-5~usb0.1.ltdl7_amd64.deb driver. The one you've picked (ltdl3) is for ubuntu 8.04 or earlier as explained in the FAQ at the bottom of the driver page.
Also, iscan-data_1.22.0-1_all.deb needs to be installed first.


Script that starts with boot and auto-restart on failure

What your script needs to perform in such a manner is systemd sevice.

An example would be the one below:

[Unit]
Description=My Script

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/path/to/script
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

This can be done in several ways:

Place your script in another location and access it from your systemd service files.
Place the code directly in the systemd service file.

I believe the first option is ideal in your situation. Now once done enable at boot with the normal systemctl commands, such as:

sudo systemctl enable myscript.service
sudo systemctl status myscript.service
sudo systemctl stop myscript.service
sudo systemctl start myscript.service

Sources:

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-systemd-units-and-unit-files

https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.unit.html


How to change owner of folder to current user recursively?

To revert damage done using sudo nautilus you should make yourself the owner of any directories (and their contents) that are owned by root.

You can use find to do this, as it has a test to find only files owned by a specific user.

This will find all the directories in your home owned by root:

sudo find ~ -type d -user root

You can then repeat the find command and add the action you want to do - recursively changing ownership of all the found directories and their contents to the current user:

sudo find ~ -type d -user root -exec sudo chown -R $USER: {} +

Explanation:

~ the home directory
-type d find only directories
-user root find only stuff belonging to root
-exec do the following command on whatever was found
sudo chown -R recursively change owner
$USER the current user
: also change group to the specific user

More efficiently, you could omit the -type d to find files of any type belonging to root, and also omit the -R as find will do the recursion for you by acting on all the files

sudo find ~ -user root -exec sudo chown $USER: {} +


Command to open url in firefox 57 in window without tab and searchbar

Sadly not firefox 57, but since firefox 71 the option --kiosk exist. Maybe it helps.


Making a DVDplayer playable DVD in ubuntu

Here is the webpage for DeVeDeNG: http://www.rastersoft.com/programas/devede.html


I had this problem before and I don't remember now how did to solve this issue.
But have you tried with this solution
Headset undetected when plugged in

In other case, if this not work.
Could you try with this another solution to a similar problem :)

Headphones no longer detected in 16.04

Have fun !


You could try boot from live cd, and then enter this in the terminal:

  sudo apt-add-repository ppa:yaunnu/boot-repair
  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get -y install boot-repair && boot-repair

and it might work fine this way.


Ubuntu 19 second screen flicker in portrait mode only (dual monitor)

I was able to fix this issue by following the directions in this blog post

In summary, you create a file, restart the computer, and everything works magically:

sudo mkdir -p /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/
sudo nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf

add in the following text to the file, save reboot:

Section "Device"
   Identifier  "Intel Graphics"
   Driver      "intel"
   Option      "TearFree"    "true"
EndSection

best of luck.


How do I make the Unity launcher completely transparent?

(Incomplete answer but might be a clue):

Perhaps messing with the launcher color might make this possible?

Where does Unity store the chameleonic launcher/dash color?
How to change launcher opacity / transparency?


USB flash icon on desktop (Kubuntu 16.04)

There are no desktop icons possible in Kubuntu.
You could make it showing up in for example the cairo-dock.

Homepage:

http://glx-dock.org/

Installation:

for Ubuntu users, you can simply copy/paste these 3 lines into a terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cairo-dock-team/ppa
sudo apt-get update

Then if Cairo-Dock is already installed:

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

else:

sudo apt-get install cairo-dock cairo-dock-plug-ins


You start the program in a "seperate mounted disk".
Question: Is that filesystem (and directories) read/writable?
.exe and dll are created?
Does "dotnet watch run" work fine when you move the project to a local disk?


How to open .url shortcuts (from Windows) on Lubuntu

What worked for me was this trick by Saidul Hassan, with some minor modifications.
EDIT: I had to change this slightly to handle URL's with an '=' symbol in them.
EDIT2: Also adopted to use shortcuts with bracket characters in them, thanks to Kound.

Right-click one of the .url files in Lubuntu file manager and go to Open With... or Properties --> Open With and choose Custom Command Line.

Enter this as the terminal command, substituting opera for the browser of your choice:
 bash -c "cat %f | grep -e 'URL\([[].*[]]\)\{0,1\}=' | cut -d= -f 2| xargs opera &"

Do NOT check "Execute in terminal emulator."

You must give it an Application Name at bottom.

Check the box for Set selected application as default.

An example should look like the following:

Now double-clicking .url files should open them as a new tab in the chosen browser.
Note: If you end up with more than three "Open With" associations to a file type, things may start behaving strangely.  To remove these extra associations, look in /home/you/.local/share/applications for some duplicated .desktop files and remove them.


As you said, the problem must be on the fan control. When I use optirun glxgspheres on my system it takes almost 100% of CPU, which is strange. Running with integrated card or with primusrun the cpu usage stays at ~25%. If you use Bumblebee frequently you can try to play with VGLTransport value in /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf or using Primus.

But the problem should reside on all applications using a lot of CPU, and not in Bumblebee in special.

There are a lot of questions already posted here on how to control fan speed, so check them out and see if any solves your problem. Some examples:

How do I get fan control working?
How to control fan speed?

Good luck.


Problem with authorization of any action that requires my password

I had similar problem and I found that I changed hostname in /etc/hostname but not in the rest of places. So check your hostname. If it is not problem with hostname try to remove any asking for password: Complete tutorial for removing password for programs and actions is here: http://linuxibos.blogspot.com/2012/06/run-programs-and-actions-without.html


How can I add the new space to a volume group after resizing partition?

Your system uses Logical Volume Management (LVM). In this setup, a partition does not directly host a filesystem but an LVM physical volume. The filesystem is hosted by an LVM logical volume which is contained on one or more physical volumes.

I recreated your situation in a VM. Just doing resizepart using parted does not extend the physical volume:

$ lsblk
NAME                  MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda                     8:0    0   90G  0 disk
└─sda1                  8:1    0   90G  0 part
  ├─ubuntu--vg-root   252:0    0   39G  0 lvm  /
  └─ubuntu--vg-swap_1 252:1    0  976M  0 lvm  [SWAP]

$ sudo pvs
  PV         VG        Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree
  /dev/sda1  ubuntu-vg lvm2 a--  40,00g 44,00m

So you need to extend the physical volume:

sudo pvresize /dev/sda1

The result can be checked using pvs:

$ sudo pvs
  PV         VG        Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree
  /dev/sda1  ubuntu-vg lvm2 a--  90,00g 50,04g

Then resize the logical volume. Use -r to automatically resize the contained filesystem. After the prefix /dev/mapper/, specify the logical volume name shown by lsblk below sda1:

sudo lvresize -r -l+100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root

Both these operations can be done even when booted from the resized drive, you don’t need to boot a live CD.

The result:

$ lsblk
NAME                  MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda                     8:0    0   90G  0 disk
└─sda1                  8:1    0   90G  0 part
  ├─ubuntu--vg-root   252:0    0   89G  0 lvm  /
  └─ubuntu--vg-swap_1 252:1    0  976M  0 lvm  [SWAP]


What does the "-" symbol mean in the "Software and Upadates" Application

This means that not 100% of repositories have enabled source code component,
so the number of deb-src ... and number of deb ... are not equal
in the sources.lists for official Ubuntu repositories.
I would recommend to uncheck this [ ] Source code checkbox and then check it again [v] Source code.


How do I split my unified root & home folder after installing Ubuntu?

It is possible without a fresh installation but takes a bit of time and effort. Below are the steps:

1. Create a New Partition

If you have enough free space, you can directly use that as a partition by formatting it into an ext4 using gparted. If you do not have free space you should resize your partition (see Shrink a partition without losing data )

2. Copy /home to newly created partition

Mount the new partition if it is not already mounted. Copy /home to new partition by:

  sudo cp -Rp /home/* /mount/location/of/new-partition

3. Modify the fstab File

First ge the uuid of the new partition by running:

  sudo blkid

and backup the existing fstab file by:

  sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup

Now, open /etc/fstab by:

  sudo gedit /etc/fstab

Add the following on a newline. Add the uuid of your newly created partition

  UUID=<your-uuid-here>     /home     ext4     nodev,nosuid     0     2

Save and exit.

4. Move your home

  cd / && sudo mv /home /home_old && sudo mkdir /home

Restart your computer and remove home_old by:

sudo rm -rf /home_old

Reference: http://www.howtogeek.com/116742/how-to-create-a-separate-home-partition-after-installing-ubuntu/


How do I change icon size on desktop to less than 50%?

Workaround

take backup of the original directory desktop-icons@csoriano from /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/ with below command.

sudo cp -r /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/desktop-icons@csoriano /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/desktop-icons@csoriano.BAK

Open the file /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/desktop-icons@csoriano/prefs.js with below command.

sudo -H gedit /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/desktop-icons@csoriano/prefs.js

find the below content

const ICON_SIZE = { 'small': 48, 'standard': 64, 'large': 96 };
const ICON_WIDTH = { 'small': 108, 'standard': 116, 'large': 116 };
const ICON_HEIGHT = { 'small': 86, 'standard': 102, 'large': 134 };

adjust the sizes with basic things like if you reduce the size 48.. reduce the width and heights also with trails.

In my case

const ICON_SIZE = { 'small': 22, 'standard': 64, 'large': 96 };
const ICON_WIDTH = { 'small': 44, 'standard': 116, 'large': 116 };
const ICON_HEIGHT = { 'small': 44, 'standard': 102, 'large': 134 };

for adjusting the text size for desktop icons follow this Q & A How to customize 19.10 Desktop Icon Font Size


How can I make a package available in Synapit (or apt or...)

The Ubuntu Desktop Team are working on bringing Thunderbird 78 to Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. At the time of writing, it's currently in the pending SRU queue.
You can track progress on bug 1895643.


How do I install ubuntu 12.04 over windows HP

If you want to get rid of Windows completely, then in the partitioner right-click each of the HP/Windows partitions and delete them. Next, create a new partition. Here is an image of what the options may look like:

When presented with these options, choose "Primary" for the "Create as:" option.
In the section "New size (in MB)" put the amount of MB that equals the size of your hard drive - 1000mb. Set "Filesystem" as Ext 4.
There should be a section to define the partition. Set it as root, which is represented as "/"
Make the second partition as "swap." Make it the size of the remaining amount of unpartitioned space.
I'm telling you to put such a small amount of swap assuming you have a relatively new computer (3-4 yrs?). Swap is hard drive space used in UNIX operating systems that gets used as RAM. You don't even need it really.

/ represents your entire hard drive outside of swap. It is the equivalent of the "C" drive in Windows. Newbie distributions of Linux like Ubuntu use only / and swap to make partitioning easier. I run Arch and use four partitions: /boot, /, /home, and swap. This is not necessary is your are running ubuntu for the first time. You can get away with using only /.

NOTE: For root /, be sure to mark it as bootable. If you fail to do so, your computer will not be able to boot. IIRC, you right click on that partition and toggle the "bootable" flag. It has been a while since I have played around with Ubuntu. Good luck!


What software to organize pdfs and references for research?

Zotero is free, open-source and has excellent documentation. Mendeley also has a Linux desktop client, so you can use that if you prefer.


Error in removal of 5.8.0-34-generic kernel

E: Aborting removal of the running kernel

You are trying to remove the kernel you are currently running. Please boot a different kernel (if you don't get the GRUB menu on boot, press Shift or the arrow keys) and remove the kernel you want. You can check your running kernel with uname -r


zsh is not installed by default. Did you install it?
Are you able to start zsh manually by typing

/bin/zsh

at the prompt?

If you answerded both with yes, I suggest you have a look into /etc/passwd. In the first line it should say

root:x:0:0:root:/bin/zsh

If that's not the case, you may also set it here instead of doing it via chsh.
But make sure you really installed zsh and you enter the path correctly or you might find yourself locked out of your system.


I'm pretty sure your Dell has a HDA Intel internal, built in, sound card.

To check your card is a HDA Intel. Type this on command line (CLI)

cat /proc/asound/modules

OR

cat /proc/asound/cards

Assuming I'm right, getting the latest Alsa driver will most likely solve your sound issues.

Check the version of Ubuntu you are running on the CLI

cat /etc/*release

Also make sure you have dkms installed, you'll need it. You probably have it already, but just to make sure type the following on the CLI.

sudo apt-get install dkms

Go to https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Audio/UpgradingAlsa/DKMS, in your browser.

Download the right driver and just follow the instructions and you can't go wrong.


I can't open the trash from the Launcher's Trash Icon

IF you did an upgrade from 11.04 to 11.10 then do this

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list

In the [Default Applications]  section you will find a line that starts with

inode/directory=

Delete the line & save

Again to note: this is only if you did a 11.04 upgrade to 11.10

Edit: This will shortly be addressed by an upgrade to nautilus, the new package is currently in oneiric-proposed & hopefully will be moved to oneiric main repo in near future, my bug on.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nautilus/+bug/876788


Ubuntu 18.04 in VM: Desktop does not restore window size

It worked for me (update Vbox 6.0):

Ubuntu version: 18.04.1 x64 LTS Bionic Beaver
Desktop: Mate Desktop Environment 1.20.1 with Marco (GPU composition with Compton)
Kernel version: 4.15.0-42-generic
VirtualBox version: v6.0.0.0 r127566 (qt5.9.5)
Oracle VM VirtualBox Extensions version: v6.0.0.0 r127566
OpenGL version string: 3.0 Mesa 18.2.2

Note: Check OpenGL with command:

glxinfo | grep "OpenGL version"

Make sure you have Mesa installed:

sudo apt-add-repository -y ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/updates && sudo apt dist-upgrade

Recomended before start:

For security reason create new folder (example: myvm) in a partition mounted (not directly in /Home or /root) or into an external disk and save only VM disk (if you have anyone without VM folder)

Important PPA:

Make sure you have the Virtualbox PPA. If you do not have it, open the terminal and execute:

~$ echo "deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian $(lsb_release -sc) contrib" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list
~$ wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

Bash Script

Save this script in home (example: vboxinstall.sh)

~$ chmod +x vboxinstall.sh

And run (without "sudo")

~$ ./vboxinstall.sh

Content:

#!/bin/bash
while true; do
read -p "Do you want to install Virtualbox? (y/n)" answer
case $answer in
  [Yy]* )
# execute command yes
echo "Virtualbox Pack setup..."
echo "deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian $(lsb_release -sc) contrib" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list
wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -
vboxmanage list runningvms | sed -r 's/.*\{(.*)\}/\1/' | xargs -L1 -I {} VBoxManage controlvm {} savestate
sudo killall vboxwebsrv
sudo pkill virtualbox
sudo systemctl stop vboxweb-service.service
export VBOX_VER=`VBoxManage --version|awk -Fr '{print $1}'`
sudo VBoxManage extpack uninstall "Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pack"
sudo apt -y autoremove --purge virtualbox*
sudo rm -rf /etc/vbox /opt/VirtualBox /usr/lib/virtualbox ~/.config/VirtualBox
sudo apt update && sudo apt autoclean && sudo apt clean && sudo apt autoremove && sudo apt-get -f -y install && sudo apt-get -y dist-upgrade && sudo apt -y --fix-broken install
sudo apt -y install virtualbox-6.0 bridge-utils
sudo dpkg --configure -a && sudo apt-get -f -y install
wget -c http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/$VBOX_VER/Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-$VBOX_VER.vbox-extpack
sudo VBoxManage extpack install Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-$VBOX_VER.vbox-extpack
# sudo adduser $USER vboxusers
sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers $USER
echo "check groups $USER"
sudo systemctl enable vboxweb-service
sudo systemctl start vboxweb-service
sudo update-grub
sudo vboxconfig
sudo usermod -aG vboxsf ($whoami) &> /dev/null
echo "Done"
    break;;
        [Nn]* )
    # execute command no
        break;;
    * ) echo; echo "Select: YES (y) or NO (n)";;
  esac
done

Note: This script removes the previous virtualbox (and its folders), and installs it again

Create a new vm with your vm-disk (previously saved)

Do not select:

Extended Feactures (Enable PAE/NX)
Enable EFI (special OSes only)
Hardware Clock in UTC Time
Enable 3D Acceleration
Enable 2D Video Aceleration

Select:

Video memory 128 Mb
Shared Clipboard and Dra'nDrop Bidirectional
Chipset: PIIX3
Pointing Device: USB Tablet
Enable USB Controller: USB 2.0 (EHCI) Controller

Note: To select USB3.0 (xHCI) Controller you must have Intel USB 3.0 Drivers

Run VM:

You must run vm for the first time with option: "Detachable Start"

Note: Only for Mate Desktop Environment 1.20.1 (check with command: ~$ mate-about), if when running the VM your desktop bar is blocked (you can not access the menu and other functions), ignore it. When restarting the PC it will be fixed. However, if you need urgent access to your application menu, open the terminal and execute:

~$ killall mate-panel

Install Virtualbox Guest Additions in VM (without 3D) and restart the vm
Restart PC/Laptop and now you can run your VM with "Normal Start" or another option.

Important:

For PC/laptop/server with Intel Chipset or Graphic Card, read HERE

For previous versions of Ubuntu 18.04.x with Intel Graphic Card, see HERE

See discussion on this problem HERE


My guess is you've installed byobu.

From the package description:

Description-en: powerful, text based window manager and shell multiplexer
 Byobu is Ubuntu's text-based window manager based on GNU Screen.
 Using Byobu, you can quickly create and move between different windows
 over a single SSH connection or TTY terminal, monitor dozens of important
 statistics about your system, detach and reattach to sessions later
 while your programs continue to run in the background.

All logins to your server get automatically attached to the same byobu session, so it seems that only 1 user is allowed to log in.

You can disable the automatic usage via issuing.

byobu-disable

on the command line. You might have to restart the ssh server, or even reboot for it to take effect.

If it's not byobu, perhaps it's screen or tmux, which do the same.


You can use a host alias in the sudoers file to specify specic IPs, or subnet ranges ie:

Host_Alias  MAIL = 10.0.0.0/255.255.255.0
Host_Alias  FTP = 10.1.0.1, 10.2.0.1

alice   MAIL = (ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
bob          FTP = (ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL


Only get stdout and stderr without actually running the command

All the git commands have a --dry-run option, so you can get output only like this:
function fnSave {
  fnLogWriter "" 1
  fnLogWriter "git add stdout:"
  git add --dry-run -A >> ${myLogFileWithPath} 2>&1
  fnLogWriter "" 1
  fnLogWriter "git commit stdout:"
  git commit --dry-run -m ${myCommitMessage} >> ${myLogFileWithPath} 2>&1
  fnLogWriter "" 1
  fnLogWriter "git push stdout:"
  git push --dry-run -u origin ${myCurrentBranch} >> ${myLogFileWithPath} 2>&1
}


Ubuntu one music does not allow Ubuntu One Cloud mode. Cannot stream

I was not able to reproduce your issue. Could you please verify you're running the latest versions of Ubuntu One Files (1.0.5.1) and Ubuntu One Music (1.6.1)? You can verify version number on your device > Menu > Settings > Applications > Manage applications.


I found the solution. I will add all steps I took, just in case it will help someone else when moving from Windows to Ubuntu.

1.There was no reason why my website shouldn't have worked. So the problem must have been the code inside index.php. So the first thing you should do is activate php errors. So I added this in my index.php:

 error_reporting(E_ALL);
 ini_set('display_errors', TRUE);
 ini_set('display_startup_errors', TRUE);

2.The first error I got was about the path to other php files. Probably due to the differences between Windows and Ubuntu.

Warning: require_once(/main/dbconnect.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /var/www/html/index.php on line 7

Fatal error: require_once(): Failed opening required '/main/dbconnect.php' (include_path='.:/usr/share/php') in /var/www/html/index.php on line 7

The solution for this was to add a dot in front of the path ./main/dbconnect.php

3.After this I got a new error, about the connection to the SQL database:

Warning: mysqli_connect(): (HY000/1045): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES) in /var/www/html/main/dbconnect.php on line 4
ERROR: Could not connect. Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

The problem, this time was that the password had special characters. The solution was to change the password to something simple, as 12345.

After this my website started working.

In conclusion the overall solution was to adapt the code in my files to the Ubuntu system.


Please see below for the contents of the default version of this file.

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE policyconfig PUBLIC
 "-//freedesktop//DTD PolicyKit Policy Configuration 1.0//EN"
 "http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/PolicyKit/1.0/policyconfig.dtd">
<policyconfig>
  <vendor>The UPower Project</vendor>
  <vendor_url>http://upower.freedesktop.org/</vendor_url>
  <icon_name>system-suspend</icon_name>

  <action id="org.freedesktop.upower.suspend">
    <description>Suspend the system</description>
    <description xml:lang="fr">Mettre le système en veille</description>
    <description xml:lang="it">Sospende il sistema</description>
    <description xml:lang="pl">Wstrzymanie systemu</description>
    <description xml:lang="sv">Försätt systemet i vänteläge</description>
    <message>Authentication is required to suspend the system</message>
    <message xml:lang="fr">Vous devez vous identifier pour mettre le système en veille</message>
    <message xml:lang="it">È richiesto autenticarsi per sospendere il sistema</message>
    <message xml:lang="pl">Wymagane jest uwierzytelnienie, aby wstrzymać system</message>
    <message xml:lang="sv">Autentisering krävs för att försätta systemet i vänteläge</message>
    <defaults>
      <allow_inactive>no</allow_inactive>
      <allow_active>yes</allow_active>
    </defaults>
  </action>

  <action id="org.freedesktop.upower.hibernate">
    <description>Hibernate the system</description>
    <description xml:lang="fr">Mettre le système en hibernation</description>
    <description xml:lang="it">Iberna il sistema</description>
    <description xml:lang="pl">Hibernacja systemu</description>
    <description xml:lang="sv">Försätt systemet i viloläge</description>
    <message>Authentication is required to hibernate the system</message>
    <message xml:lang="fr">Vous devez vous identifier pour mettre le système en hibernation</message>
    <message xml:lang="it">È richiesto autenticarsi per ibernare il sistema</message>
    <message xml:lang="pl">Wymagane jest uwierzytelnienie, aby zahibernować system</message>
    <message xml:lang="sv">Autentisering krävs för att försätta systemet i viloläge</message>
    <defaults>
      <allow_inactive>no</allow_inactive>
      <allow_active>yes</allow_active>
    </defaults>
  </action>

</policyconfig>


Installed mysql but cannot login: Access denied for user 'xxxxxx'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

Simple solution is to login into mysql as a root user and grant privileges to other usernames.

mysql -u root -p

use the password, which you entered during the installation process.

grant all privileges on *.* to xxxxxxx@localhost identified by 'your_password_here' with grant option;

once this is done. You can login with your username using the command mysql -p


In bash, I would suggest something like

while read -r infile ss t outfile; do
  avconv -i "$infile" -ss "$ss" -acodec copy -vcodec copy -t "$t" "$outfile"
done < in.txt


I've changed default shell but my terminal don't get it

Edit /etc/passwd file. In terminal type
gksu gedit /etc/passwd
Find out line containing your user name. Change /bin/bash to /bin/zsh.
Logout and Login again. Now zsh will be default. See the below image


Graphics horribly corrupted on Ubuntu 16.04 in VirtualBox, showing random strips of pixelated colors

I have also experienced this problem before and it is easy to work around:

Press CtrlAltF3 to switch to text terminal and then CtrlAltF7 to switch back to GUI (alternatively CtrlAltF1 in the case of some newer Ubuntu versions – simply try it if CtrlAltF7 does not work).

If your host is Linux, too, the mentioned keystrokes will influence the host machine. Use the Host key instead of CtrlAlt to influence the guest.

References:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/console-setup/+bug/1443853
https://www.virtualbox.org/ticket/13615
How do I switch between console mode and GUI in 17.10 and newer?


The program 'gem' is currently not installed, but I installed it with \curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby

Should I have started RVM by running source /home/vespertron/.rvm/scripts/rvm before checking the gem manager?

YES! You need to do this (or restart your X session) so that the correct ruby and gem will be found.  Those instructions were TOO simple.

  Will following the prompt to type, sudo apt install ruby, be akin to using apt-get to install Ruby which the guide warns against?

Yes. They are equivalent commands.


How to add a specific keyboard layout in LXDE?

This might help. Basically it says to put a keyboard config on the main panel and then use it to change your layout.


When I've received this error in the past, it wound up being a permissions issue on the server. Check the permissions on the share's root folder and make sure it's accessible both to the samba user and others (or just open it up with sudo chmod 777 sharefolder).

If you've reinstalled samba, also ensure that you reconfigure the samba group user with smbpasswd username.


how can i distinguish ext3 and ext4 using superBlock structure?

First, let's create two small disk image files my-ext3 and my-ext4 and format them in ext3 and ext4 respectively, so that we can test and see the differences:

truncate -s 10M my-ext3
mkfs.ext3 my-ext3

truncate -s 10M my-ext4
mkfs.ext4 my-ext4

Now the easiest way to check what they are is the file command:

$ file my-ext*
my-ext3: Linux rev 1.0 ext3 filesystem data, UUID=7ba99eb3-57c0-4d81-a2e7-529fdee64cbb (large files)
my-ext4: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data, UUID=2308e0f8-443e-4164-b5ee-4810e9def008 (extents) (large files) (huge files)

As you can see, it correctly identifies each file system type. You can also examine the file systems with fsck, by mounting them or using some partitioning tools.

However, as @Rinzwind pointed out in his comment, all ext2, ext3 and ext4 file systems are basically the same, except that the higher revisions support more file system features. Those do not directly tell you whether it is ext3 or ext4, but you can check since which file system version each feature is available. If you find any ext4-only features, it must be ext4. Let's have a look at them.

The command to examine the file system is dumpe2fs. We are only interested in the superblock data, so we add the -h option, otherwise it will flood the console with tons of inode information as well. For us, only their "Filesystem features" are interesting, so let's use grep to filter that out:

$ dumpe2fs -h my-ext3 |& grep "^Filesystem features:"
Filesystem features:      has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype sparse_super large_file

$ dumpe2fs -h my-ext4 |& grep "^Filesystem features:"
Filesystem features:      has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize

Now we have two lists of file system features and can check each of them to find out which is the lowest ext? file system revision that supports each feature. We can have a look at man ext4 for that, it contains a list with all ext4 file system features, their description and since when they are supported.

I made a little list for you and ordered the features by the first ext? revision that supports them. All features from older revisions are supported in newer revisions as well:

ext2: ext_attr, filetype, sparse_super
ext3: dir_index, has_journal
ext4: 64bit, bigalloc, dir_nlink, extent, extra_isize, flex_bg, huge_file, meta_bg, mmp, uninit_bg

There are more features described in man ext4, but without information about which file system revisions support them: journal_dev, large_file, sparse_super2, quota, resize_inode
Probably they are all present since ext2, but I'm not 100% sure. Please leave a comment if you know more about hem.


Compositing is not available, please enable compositing support and relaunch Netflix Desktop. WHY?

I had this same problem pop up recently and after getting all sorts of confused at "answers" I found while trying to remedy the situation (I am by no means a Linux guru), I fixed it by just re-installing the drivers for my graphics card.

I had to first uninstall the old drivers and the new drivers fixed it right up. It now works perfectly.

In my case my card is an older ATI Radeon 3000 HD series and they had a Linux driver available for it.


Trying to install Ubuntu 18.04 on Lenovo 330s ryzen 5 2500u

A little bit late since this post is one month old, but if I can help other persons facing the same probleme...
I managed to boot ubuntu and fedora on this model (Lenovo ideapad 330s amd Ryzen 5 2500 u ) by:

Disabling secureboot of the UEFI BIOS (you will easily find how to do this on internet)
Disabling APIC support at the boot.
In the grub menu just before boot, press e to edit boot options and then add noapic just after the word vmlinuz.

This should do the trick.


I had the same thing, but an update fixed it for me. Just doing a regular update check says you are up to date, you need to do it through add new software. Read this

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22513524/error-message-this-android-sdk-requires-android-developer-toolkit-version-22-6

It sorted me out fine.


Dual Monitor: How to make things the same size (in inches, not pixels) on both monitors?

For the scaling also you can set up by navigating to Fonts > Scaling Factor in Gnome Tweaks. I had the similar issue with scaling in my system, and it suits me better than other options.

But you looking for the way to apply different scale factor per display. Maybe this method will help you.
You can achieve any non-integer scale factor by using a combination of GNOME's scaling-factor and xrandr. This combination keeps the TTF fonts properly scaled so that they do not become blurry if using xrandr alone. You specify zoom-in factor with gsettings and zoom-out factor with xrandr.
First scale GNOME up to the minimum size which is too big. Usually "2" is already too big, otherwise try "3" etc. Then start scaling down by setting zoom-out factor with xrandr. First get the relevant output name, the examples below use eDP1. Start e.g. with zoom-out 1.25 times. If the UI is still too big, increase the scale factor; if it is too small decrease the scale factor.
xrandr --output eDP1 --scale 1.25x1.25

You can find more info in the link below. I once used this on my system. But it did not suit me, because still some applications did not work properly.
Source: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/HiDPI#GNOME


What is the action performed by the "Quit" option in application launcher icon?

As far as I understand that code it creates a menu item and connects it via DBus to void ApplicationLauncherIcon::Quit() (same file).

This basically calls

void AppWindow::Quit() const
{
  WindowManager::Default().Close(window_id());
}

(file unity-shared/BamfApplicationManager.cpp) for each window that belongs to the launcher icon, which essentially does the same as wmctrl -i -c window_id


Windows 10 to ubuntu 20.04 xrdp not working

You might to have a look at the following post (see http://c-nergy.be/blog/?p=15733)
The post provides a script that ease the installation and post configuration actions of xRDP software.  The script is specifically designed for Ubuntu using Gnome desktop interface
Important !  Please note that the same user account cannot be logged in locally on the machine and perform a remote connection at the same time.  You will need to ensure that the user account your are planning to use to perform the rdp connection is not logged on your Ubuntu machine
How to use the script
From a terminal console,
Step 1 - download the script
wget https://www.c-nergy.be/downloads/xrdp-installer-1.2.1.zip

Step 2 - Unzip it
unzip xrdp-installer-1.2.1.zip

Step 3 - make it executable
chmod +x xrdp-installer-1.2.1.sh

Step 4 - Execute the script (standard install mode)
./xrdp-installer-1.2.2.sh

Logoff and try to remote connect to your Ubuntu machine
Hope this help
Till next time
See ya


You're only using 35% of your root-partition, it's probably a bug that it tells you it's low on space (or it's set to 10 GiBs or something like that, since most less experienced users don't differ / from /home)

To answer the question, if you like to resize partitions, you should use gparted. I'm quite sure this is still available on the Ubuntu Live-CD (search for "gparted" or "partition editor") - if you can't find it on the Ubuntu CD, try downloading the GParted Live-CD.


amd ryzen 5950x max frequency is 3400MHz on ubuntu 20.04

When you run the computer with heavy load, you get a boost value.
p-i@pi-TUF-Gaming-B550M:~$ lscpu
Architecture:                    x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):                  32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:                      Little Endian
Address sizes:                   48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
CPU(s):                          12
On-line CPU(s) list:             0-11
Thread(s) per core:              2
Core(s) per socket:              6
Socket(s):                       1
NUMA node(s):                    1
Vendor ID:                       AuthenticAMD
CPU family:                      25
Model:                           33
Model name:                      AMD Ryzen 5 5600X 6-Core Processor
Stepping:                        0
Frequency boost:                 enabled
CPU MHz:                         4418.048
CPU max MHz:                     3700,0000
CPU min MHz:                     2200,0000
BogoMIPS:                        7399.78

There is more information about Frequency boost on this page
https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cpu-freq/boost.txt
To enable Frequency boost you have to do a setting in BIOS. On my motherboard this setting is in AMD CBS and called Core Performance Boost.


According to the tests by phoronix it always depends on many factors. In one case Btrfs will be doing much better than EXT4 when reading large files on an SSD. Similarly while considering Disk transaction performance, Ext4 can perform better than the later.

You can have a look through these tests here, here and here (WARNING: Lengthy articles).

But summing altogether, Btrfs right now does not have a quantitative performance advantage over the EXT4 file-system, Even when using in the SSD mode.

So you can choose over Ext4 for now.


You can follow this unofficial guide to install the Pulseaudio Equalizer for Ubuntu (12.04 or newer). There is no guarantee, but it should work.
Please, write under here if you need more help and don't forget to press the up arrow on the right if the answer is useful.


Move many folders and files to their many parent folders

You can do this with a for loop in the directory that is the parent of folder1, folder2 etc (the html directory in your example) so first cd to it (replace with the real path:

cd /PATH/TO/html

In this command, if the name of what you want to move is not test then replace test with the real name or use * to move everything:

for dir in ./* ; do mv "$dir"/*/test "$dir"/ ; done

This will move all things named test (and all their contents, if they are directories) in sub-subdirectories of the current working directory to their parent directories but it will not delete the sub-subdirectories themselves (so js in your example, would not be deleted)

Example:

before:

.
├── 15
│   └── rainbow
│       ├── test
│       └── fun

after:

.
├── 15
│   ├── rainbow
│   └── test
│       └── fun

The command will throw an error for anything that is not a directory with this structure and matching contents, but it still does what you want, so please ignore this, or send the errors away by appending 2>/dev/null

for dir in ./* ; do mv "$dir"/*/test "$dir"/ ; done 2>/dev/null


How to install a package and force downgrade of all its needed dependencies

This may not work in your situation, but I ran into the same thing and I was able to solve it by setting the packages in the repository to have a higher installation priority than the currently-installed packages:
cat << EOF > /etc/apt/preferences.d/99tmp
Package: *
Pin: origin ""
Pin-Priority: 1001
EOF

^^ note that I was using a local repository, so you likely need something like "Pin: origin deb.debian.org".


Run this in a terminal

sudo apt-get purge deluge


How can get a quassel-client and quassel-core irc setup and running?

On system with quassle-core installed, I ran the setup via GUI (found this out when started CLI setup)

Start client (not stand-alone) and configure core setup
Create admin account
Configure IRC servers

On other client, I did the following:

Install Quassel client
Configure to connect to Quassel core

Here are older directions that do not use the GUI: http://www.ubuntu-tennessee.org/2009/tutorials/using-quassel-in-a-client-core-setup/


In the file script you must add option passs( -p PASSWORD) on command mysqldump because when run script you can enter  password so script not running. You re-add command to script with option -p.

mysqldump --defaults-file=/home/<user>/.my.cnf --databases 360_projects --single-transaction --add-drop-database --triggers --routines -u BACKUPUSER -p PASSWORD > $1pmbackup${today}.sql

I think script and cron auto running.


Installing package attempts to download files for another non-dependent package

The problem is that some of your external repositories (in details, this  jon-severinsson/ffmpeg) are not available for your Ubuntu version (it's written in capital letters to "NOT USE" it).

You have to remove it from Software & Updates > Other Software.

It is better to not abuse with external repositories, each of them adds a potential security and stability problem to your system.


VirtualBox: Share whole Ubuntu drive on Windows (Host)

You can use samba/cifs to share any directory and its subdirectory with Windows.

A problem you may encounter however is line endings in text files and codepages. Windows naturally moves to code page 1252 but Linux/Ubuntu will default to UTF8. Ensure all programs accessing the files can recognise and change the same codepage and line endings and it will work.


Hi ,I just bought an asus F55A but i can not enter bios?

The manual does not state how to enter BIOS setup.  No doubt they expect you to be able to read the instructions when it flashes up on the screen momentarily.  It turns out the key to enter BIOS is Del.   The key to enter the boot menu (very hand to know) is just Esc.  Both of these are very common keys for Asus machines.


how to browse the files that are already mounted

First of all when you are using Linux, you have to forget the Windows concept.
If you mount a partition using nautilus, it gets mounted at /media/$USER/ not in /media. It will get mounted at some other place only if you are  defining the mount-point in mount command or in /etc/fstab file.

So if you want to cd to some partition using terminal, use

cd /media/$USER/<partition_name>

For example

cd /media/$USER/games/


View files without lines with certain string

The pattern match inversion option -v for grep is really helpful for this:

grep -v 'UFW BLOCK' /var/log/syslog

This will show you all lines not containing UFW BLOCK. As grep uses basic regular expressions by default, the inclusion of the brackets will make it search for any of the individual characters of 'UFW BLOCK' including the space. You'll probably end up with no output. If you need to ensure that there are brackets around the string, either escape them \[UFW BLOCK\], or use the -F option of grep to only include fixed strings (Thanks to Zanna and Steeldriver for the advice on this):

grep -Fv '[UFW BLOCK]' /var/log/syslog

You can make it easier to view by piping the output to a pager like less:

grep -v 'UFW BLOCK' /var/log/syslog | less

Or redirect the output to a file in your home directory for later viewing:

grep -v 'UFW BLOCK' /var/log/syslog > ~/filtered_syslog


Recover data: HDD not detected in bios and disk utility

What you have is a broken SATA drive (a hardware problem and technically off-topic here, but I'll let it slide as it's an issue occurring a lot) and now it depends where the problem is:
Disk platters:

Professional dust-free room repair only, sorry!

OR
Disk controller:

Buy an identical second-hand working one on e-Bay
Remove its controller board
Remove your HDD
Remove its controller board
Add the "new" controller board
Reinsert repaired HDD

How do you know which of the 2 problems you have?
Disk platters:

Ticking noises before it gave up completely
Higher pitched tone before it gave up
Doesn't spin up, but gets extremely hot

Source for controller pic
Source for Disk platter pic


You can just start this from terminal by typing:

java -jar pmTransALLOS.jar

You can make afterwards a shortcut by nano ~/Desktop/pmTrans.desktop and adding the following lines into it:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=pmTrans
Comment=pmTrans
Exec=java -jar /path-to/pmTransALLOS.jar
Icon=
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Reader;


To see all your installed kernels you can open Synaptic and do a search for "linux".  Sort by "installed" to make it easy on yourself, then carefully remove all the packages for whichever kernel versions you want.  This is usually how I do it when I want to clean up my installed kernels.


if grub did the right thing in the wrong place, tell grub where to install after successful generation of config:

sudo update-grub
sudo grub-install -v /dev/yourdrive

2 is drive, not partition (normally).
You may do that in more than one location!!
Do it on a USB-memory-stick as a backup as well.
This applies to non-UEFI, I avoid UEFI and can not tell you about UEFI.


Copying files to zfs mountpoint doesn't work - the files aren't actually copied to the other filesystem,

I needed to enable auto mount boot

sudo nano /etc/default/zfs

set ZFS_MOUNT to YES


How to connect/disconnect OpenVPN from CLI in Ubuntu 18

The VPN client is just an executable, like any other, so you stop it like any other. I use this for work every day and I open my connection with sudo openvpn --config client1.ovpn and then close it with Ctrl+C. You don't need anything else.

Now, actually, sudo kill PID will do exactly the same thing as Ctrl+C, so you can use that too if you like, but there's no reason to. Ctrl+C on the terminal window is faster and easier.


How to span wallpaper over 2 monitors in Ubuntu 18.04

The better way to do this is to use an image editor like GIMP to split your image into two halves.
Then you can set the background image for each display independently.
You should also make sure that your displays are correctly aligned.
If the displays are not the same resolution, you will need to accommodate for that.


Bugs since last update (Ubuntu 15.04 - oct 6 2015): nautilus crashes

Based on a bug report posted on launchpad this is fixed in the latest version of nautilus, to make sure you have the very latest update available in the repository’s, just open a terminal and run

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


it's still alive & well at 192.168.1.115 (as confirmed by it's network information window)

Try using ping and ifconfig as troubleshooting network.

Go to you server

open Terminal (press CTRL + ALT + T)

type

ifconfig

check the section of wlan0 or something similar since you are using wifi. If it's cable check the section of eth0 or something similar.

find the line of

inet addr:

Do you see the numbers starts from 192 ?

Ex 192.168.1.115

That's the ip of your server.

I want you to make sure you can ping to your router as well.

Open up terminal in your server

type

route -n

see gateway section.
I assume you have 192.168.1.1 as a Gateway.

ping 192.168.1.1

If you can ping, ping to google by simply

ping google.com

When you successfully ping both router and google you are good to go!
The above steps are very important. When you can't ping google, it indicates that name resolution is not working at all. Make sure you set DNS IP in your network settings.

If you can't ping your router, static ip is not working correctly. Make sure you set static ip in your network configuration also.

if you are using DHCP and not using static IP ,you can request new IP from DHCP server by

sudo dhclient wlan0

About your apache server, try restarting apache by

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Go to other machines

Open up your favorite browser

type server IP in URL bar.

It works! should appears.

Good luck.

---------------Updated -------------------

Firewall setup

@ByteTraveler try ping 192.168.1.115 from other machine(not from server). Do you see any response? If not, firewall might be causing a problem. Not the ideal solution, but it's okay to turn off some firewall rules ONLY for home LAN. Be sure to turn on firewall when you use Starbucks WiFi etc. Ubuntu has great firewall utility called ufw. In here, I assume you use windows samba share in your LAN. Go to your server, fire up terminal.

code:

sudo ufw default deny
sudo ufw allow proto tcp to any port 135 from 192.168.1.0/24
sudo ufw allow proto udp to any port 137 from 192.168.1.0/24
sudo ufw allow proto udp to any port 138 from 192.168.1.0/24
sudo ufw allow proto tcp to any port 139 from 192.168.1.0/24
sudo ufw allow proto tcp to any port 445 from 192.168.1.0/24
sudo ufw allow 80
sudo ufw enable
sudo service ufw restart

or

Not Recommended turning off ALL firewall. But for temporary do...

code:

sudo service ufw stop

to start

sudo service ufw start

Source
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=806000


what tells you apt-cache policy libdrm-dev?

You must look these posts:

Ubuntu 14.04 Installation of libdrm-dev
Unmet dependencies for libgl1-mesa-dev while initializing build environment for android

I guess you have some conflicting package repositories/ppa. Or you have to built it manually, but only if you are sure you need a package version not provided by public repositories)

Always look at: How do I resolve unmet dependencies after adding a PPA?
Or try to install other version of the conflicting packages: How to install specific Ubuntu packages, with exact version?


Wireless is not sharing Internet to Ethernet Properly

Assuming it is something wrong with what you have done, here is what works for me.

We are going to configure the PC in the machine shop that receives WiFi to be a gateway and configure other devices to use this gateway to access the internet.

Here is the guide I followed. Though it is written for Arch Linux, I have tested it on Ununtu 14.04. So here it goes:

Create a script named start-gateway.sh with the following content.

sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o wlan0 -j MASQUERADE iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o wlan0 -j ACCEPT

The script assumes that the interface which has internet is wlan0 and you need to forward packets from eth0 (your ethernet interface) to your WiFi connection. So please confirm if these are the names of the interfaces from ifconfig output.

Make the script executable and you are done:

chmod u+x start-gateway.sh

Whenever you need to start the gateway, execute the script with root privileges when connected to the WiFi:

sudo ./start-gateway.sh

Now all you have to do to get internet on other devices connected to the Ethernet LAN is to set the manually set IP configuration on those devices, giving the gateway as the IP address of your new gateway. Set DNS information correctly too. If you don't have a local DNS, use the one provided by your ISP, OpenDNS, or GoogleDNS (8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4).

That should do the job.


I presume by folders, you mean folders in your home directory, which are not the ~/Ubuntu One/ folder, or within it.

There is no way to "merge" your folders into a single folder on the web site. You can however, simply open the Ubuntu One control panel application on the second notebook, and under the Folders tab, select the additional folder to be synchronized to that computer as well. One you do, the client will download that folder and its files, to your notebook.


It seems the problem solved itself somehow, in a weird way. If I disable the service through systemctl and reboot, I can still access localhost but only once. If I hit refresh I get the normal error message.


It isn't available in SC but here is the website to download Gromacs 4.6: Gromacs - Downloads


Installing the php5-gd module with apt-get install php5-gd does not enable the module directly. In order to enable it, you should use the following command before restarting apache.

sudo php5enmod gd
sudo apache2ctl restart

php5enmod stands for PHP5 Enable module. This the same command you can use for enabling Apache2 modules (a2enmod), but for PHP5 modules.
To disable modules you would use php5dismod.


Lubuntu 16.04 → 18.04 breaks the GUI updater

I had the same problem, and was using command line to update Lubuntu. Today I decided to reinstall the Software Updater. Turned out, there is no package named "software-updater", so I used this command instead:

sudo apt install --reinstall update-manager

Then I started the Software Updater - it didn't crash, but requested reboot. After reboot I started the Software Updater - it didn't crash and showed "The software on this computer is up to date."
Will test again in a couple of days.


Offline - Installable Software on the image?

On the standard ISO, there are only a few installable packages, mostly related to drivers:

/pool
├── main
│   ├── b
│   │   └── b43-fwcutter
│   │       └── b43-fwcutter_019-2_amd64.deb
│   ├── d
│   │   └── dkms
│   │       └── dkms_2.2.0.3-2ubuntu11_all.deb
│   ├── g
│   │   ├── glibc
│   │   │   └── libc6-i386_2.23-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb
│   │   ├── grub
│   │   │   └── grub_0.97-29ubuntu68_amd64.deb
│   │   ├── grub2
│   │   │   ├── grub-efi-amd64-bin_2.02~beta2-36ubuntu3_amd64.deb
│   │   │   ├── grub-efi-amd64_2.02~beta2-36ubuntu3_amd64.deb
│   │   │   └── grub-efi_2.02~beta2-36ubuntu3_amd64.deb
│   │   └── grub2-signed
│   │       └── grub-efi-amd64-signed_1.66+2.02~beta2-36ubuntu3_amd64.deb
│   ├── l
│   │   └── lupin
│   │       └── lupin-support_0.57_amd64.deb
│   ├── m
│   │   └── mouseemu
│   │       └── mouseemu_0.16-0ubuntu9_amd64.deb
│   ├── s
│   │   ├── setserial
│   │   │   └── setserial_2.17-49_amd64.deb
│   │   ├── shim
│   │   │   └── shim_0.8-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb
│   │   └── shim-signed
│   │       └── shim-signed_1.12+0.8-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb
│   ├── u
│   │   ├── ubiquity
│   │   │   ├── oem-config-gtk_2.21.63_all.deb
│   │   │   └── oem-config_2.21.63_all.deb
│   │   ├── ubiquity-slideshow-ubuntu
│   │   │   └── oem-config-slideshow-ubuntu_113_all.deb
│   │   └── user-setup
│   │       └── user-setup_1.63ubuntu4_all.deb
│   └── w
│       ├── wvdial
│       │   └── wvdial_1.61-4.1_amd64.deb
│       └── wvstreams
│           ├── libuniconf4.6_4.6.1-7_amd64.deb
│           ├── libwvstreams4.6-base_4.6.1-7_amd64.deb
│           └── libwvstreams4.6-extras_4.6.1-7_amd64.deb
└── restricted
    ├── b
    │   └── bcmwl
    │       └── bcmwl-kernel-source_6.30.223.248+bdcom-0ubuntu8_amd64.deb
    └── i
        ├── intel-microcode
        │   └── intel-microcode_3.20151106.1_amd64.deb
        └── iucode-tool
            └── iucode-tool_1.5.1-1_amd64.deb

31 directories, 24 files

IIRC, aside from language packs and the installer itself, the only additional software that the live environment has is GParted.

Yes, the server and various desktop flavours share the same repositories, but the ISOs are focused and don't contain more stuff than they need.

Also, when adding a local repository, note that the path you specified should contain both the dists and pool directories, and not actually be one of those:

deb file:///media/<username>/ubuntustick/ xenial main restricted


How do I tether internet from my iPhone?

There is a package in the Ubuntu Software Centre that allows you to USB tether to your iPhone. You can find the package here:

https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/natty/ipheth-utils/


As noted briefly on the Ubuntu forums, quite a good way of arranging a scrapbook or album of photos is by using Scribus, using one of the Python scripts from the Scribus wiki, and then exporting the album as a pdf.

So, first run

sudo apt-get install scribus

Then go the Scribus wiki page and save, for example, the first script to file and make it executable. Now load up Scribus, and from within the program go to Script > Execute Script > choose location of script. Then via the script dialogue you can choose the number of images to be displayed on a page, and select the folder of images to be used. (You can either pre-prepare a special folder with the images you want or just choose any folder with images.) The Scribus document will include them all, however many there are, although it will take longer to create if there are a lot of images.

Once your document is created you can add titles and captions, and export it as a pdf so that it can be shared. It is of course possible to modify the Python scripts and create one that suits your particular needs. The scripts may of course need to be updated when new versions of Scribus come out.

I have found this is a good way of creating a personalised album without recourse to java or flash based programs.

The screenshot below shows the pictures imported in Scribus, but before the captions and any title page are added. You don't need to worry about this becoming a complex  desktop publishing project, as it is very easy and fast to create your own albums.


liblzma.so.0 was used by an older version of liblzma, I think before v5 (which was released around 2010).

Try to compile v4.999.9beta from https://tukaani.org/xz/old.html

Symlinking liblzma.so.5 to liblzma.so.0 may work or cause segfaults or other errors.


I found myself in Grub Rescue after deleting a partition

Boot from live media, then do:
$ sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
$ sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
$ sudo mount --bind /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts
$ sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
$ sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys

$ sudo chroot /mnt

$ grub-install /dev/sda
$ grub-install --recheck /dev/sda
$ update-grub

$ exit && sudo umount /mnt/dev && sudo umount /mnt/dev/pts && sudo umount /mnt/proc && sudo umount /mnt/sys && sudo umount /mnt

Reboot


In Ubuntu 18.04, is there an email program that has contacts?

Based on this question on elementaryOS Stack Exchange, Gnome Contacts cannot integrate with Geary.

Thunderbird is a free alternative email client. You should try it out if you have not. It offers a variety of plugins.


Why removing package by `snap` leaves a symbolic link?

You can trace the path of that docker file with the command

readlink -f 321


right click on the panel and choose add applet . In the windows , either look for "cinnamon menu" or simply click on restore to default at the bottom. That should be sufficient


Sometimes keyboard & touchpad work... sometimes not

I am working on a friends Laptop Dell inspiron 2650.  Once I get the keyboard and touchpad to work, I set up the power button to hibernate and to hibernate when the lid is closed.  Then, I never completely shut it down.  It hibernates when i press power button and when close lid.  I only have one logon because when I had two and I would log out of one to log into the other, it would stop working.  This is a great workaround until I figure it out.  So far so good.  I've even taken the battery out and as long as it is hybernating, it works when I wake it back up.


{FYI - I'll clean this up after we figure out what exactly is going on}

Please install Psesnor

1) sudo apt-get update

2) sudo apt-get install psensor

Please report back with the temperatures it shows.


First of delete the user created

    sudo deluser mysql
    sudo delgroup mysql

then stop the processes of the mysql

    sudo service mysql stop  #or mysqld
    sudo killall -9 mysql
    sudo killall -9 mysqld
    sudo apt-get remove --purge mysql-server mysql-client mysql-common
    sudo apt-get autoremove
    sudo apt-get autocleansudo deluser mysql
    sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
    sudo apt-get purge mysql-server-core-5.5
    sudo apt-get purge mysql-client-core-5.5


Ubuntu apparently doesn't recognize wireless adapter

I also have a Broadcom Adapter and had the same problem. Turned out that the driver just wasn't enabled by default. Take a look at the drivers section in the system settings. There should be a proprietary driver available. Just activate it and everything should work fine. If you install Ubuntu it might be required to activate it again (you'll need an internet connection to do that, i.e. LAN)


Why did the command uniq -c put a whitespace at the beginning?

The default behaviour of uniq is to right-justify the frequency in a
  line 7 spaces wide, then separate the frequency from the item with a
  single space.

Source : https://www.thelinuxrain.com/articles/tweaking-uniq-c

Remove the leading spaces with sed :

$ sort input | uniq -c | sort -nr | sed 's/^\s*//' > output


Can I make virtualbox replicate its server to another machine for online redundancy?

For virtual box we have two different ways to replicate a machine to a different host.

Clone a virtual machine:
This will make a clone of the current VM with, or witout snapshots. This will make the virtual machines identical except their UUID. The clone can then transported to another host.
Teleporting a virtual machine
This feature allows to teleport a running machine to a different host in the network. Then the other host can overtake with little downtime.


Why does my Virtualbox Ubuntu Server go to a black screen when idle?

I will update this answer as more information is gather and provided. Right now, as far as I can tell, this is the only kind of answer that can be provided. And it would be quite awkward to convey all this information in a comment. Also, since this provides detailed information about how to diagnose this sort of problem, I hope for it to be useful to others as well, and think that it therefore should be posted as an answer.
As izx has said, on a command-line system like Ubuntu Server, it's normal for the screen to turn black by itself after some time passes, if you're not actively using it. This is the virtual console version of a screensaver. Just press a key and it will come back.
Make sure your keyboard input is actually being sent to the virtual machine when you do this. If it isn't, that can create the impression that the Server is not responding, even when nothing is wrong.
If this is what's happening, there's nothing to worry about, but if you want to disable automatic screen blanking, see this question:

How do I disable the blank console "screensaver" on Ubuntu Server?
(Credit due to izx for posting this as well.)

If that's not the problem, then more information will be required.
When the server is working properly (since it sounds from what you're saying that it runs OK for a while and then the screen goes black), SSH in from the host machine or some other machine capable of accessing it (install opehssh-server first if it's not installed).

To do this, run ssh username@server-name-or-ip from a terminal.
Or, if you're connecting from Windows and don't already have an SSH client, use PuTTY.

Then, when the problem occurs, see if the SSH session is still connected. If it is--that is, if you can still use the remote SSH login--then the problem is related to video.
If the connection is terminated or otherwise stops working, you might get some message. (If it's terminated you certainly will, though it may or may not be particularly useful.)
Whether or not the connection is Terminated, there are some logs you can look at. You can start showing them right after connecting, before the problem occurs. Feel free, of course, to use your own problem-solving skills and see which logs in /var/log you think might be relevant. I recommend looking at the kernel logs: /var/log/dmesg and /var/log/kern.log. You can view logs so that when new lines are logged, you see them immediately, by using a command like this:
tail -f /var/log/dmesg

Then edit your question to include whatever information you find. Using the above method, since you were SSH'd in remotely (though perhaps from the virtualization host), all text from the Terminal should remain visible (and copyable to the SSH client's clipboard) even after your virtual Ubuntu Server machine goes down.
So you can include some of it in your question, and could even include sections of basically unlimited length (including the whole thing) by posting it at http://paste.ubuntu.com (or just about any other Pastebin) and adding a link to it in your question.


How do I access Win7 files through a Wubi

Well, the partition on which you installed Wubi should be mounted at folder named /host (or it was, i am not using wubi since 9.10).


I don't have a good answer for a local app, but here is a web-based site that might serve as a work around until someone else chimes in with a better answer:
https://ttsreader.com/
Warning: it is not an open-source service, and is supported by advertisements


How can I make the text color on my ubuntu theme work with different background colors?

Solved. I made the fg color black and kept text white. This still is not a perfect solution in firefox (there are still pages with color issues), but it solves this specific issue.


I was able to get it fixed by following this:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1iTlJ8BfqXUjaHO__TEdlkvuqB1WLOkGaudngc5SFLMI/edit?pli=1


Ubuntu Phone Emulator and Developer Phone Release Date

QtCreator is the recommended IDE.  An emulator is currently in the works and will hopefully be available shortly.  In the mean time, you can run your app as an Ubuntu desktop app.

There is no planned developer phone, but images of the Ubuntu for the phone will be made available for the Galaxy Nexus in the near future.


Ubuntu does not recognize my geforce 540M

I was also checking the same problem out some days ago. I even installed the 175.xx, 280.xx and 285.xx drivers. Same thing. So the problem is not related to a version but maybe some data that the Nvidia drivers are not sending to the windows/gui/system. Tested a 6200, 8400, 9500 and gt400.

For the part about if it matters or not, basically nothing changes, except if you would like to see there the name of the video card. The system will work great as it would with or without that particular window showing the name of the video card.

The video card will run just fine, will perform excellent and you will not have any problem if it does not show there. the only bad thing I have seen is that the name is not shown there, but heck, I did not buy a video card just to make it appear in a window did I ^^. I want performance and seeing that you have that particular video card you are REALLY into performance.


You can install TV-MAXE on Ubuntu using the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:venerix/pkg
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install tv-maxe


Is Ubuntu compatible with the MacBook Air 1,1?

Yes it's compatible. You can find a HowTo here. It's quite an old guide (ubuntu 8.04) but there's no shame in trying


I have the same laptop and Ubuntu and xUbuntu works fine without any problems.
To select boot option you need to switch off your laptop and press and hold bios button (small button next of PowerButton) and you will see the bios menu.


How to update Ubuntu from terminal using tor?

If you want to use apt with Tor, use the following commands:

sudo torify apt-get update
sudo -i
torify apt-get dist-upgrade

It will return lots of warnings, but it will work. Also, remember that the Tor network can sometimes be slow, so if it appears to freeze, just give it a couple minutes and it will go.


Below is the sequence of steps needed to finish installing Ubuntu on a Mac. I assume you installed Ubuntu to use EFI booting.

Boot to Ubuntu live.
From the Desktop, press the control+option+T keys to open a Terminal window.
Enter the command shown below.

sudo  fdisk  -l  /dev/sda

Below is the output I saw from entering this command.

  Note: For a better view, click on the image or open the image in a new window.

From the output of the sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda command, determine the device for the EFI System partition. For me, this was /dev/sda1. If you determine a different device, make the appropriate substitutions.
Enter the commands given below to make Ubuntu appear in the Startup Manager.

sudo  bash
mkdir  efi
mount  /dev/sda1  efi
cd  efi/EFI
mkdir  BOOT
cp  ubuntu/grubx64.efi  BOOT/bootx64.efi
cd  ~
umount  efi
rmdir  efi
exit
exit

Shutdown Ubuntu live.
Startup the Mac and immediately hold down the option key until the Startup Manager icons appear.
Click on the hard disk icon labeled "EFI Boot". Next, while holding down the control key, click on the circular arrow below this icon.

You are finished. Your Mac will now automatically boot to Ubuntu on startup and restart.


How to setup a loopback audio device on startup

You might want to try using systemd and the sound.target, which should execute your commands after the sound system becomes available.

https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/system_administrators_guide/sect-managing_services_with_systemd-targets


How to use NVidia Gpu simultaneously with intel HD

Based on your query in http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2291771 and the answers there, what you are asking for is not possible.

From the forum:

  From my understanding of Nvidia Optimus technology I do not think it
  is possible. The purpose of Optimus is automatic switching between a
  more powerful GPU for high intensity graphic tasks with likewise high
  battery drain and a less powerful GPU for low intensity graphic tasks
  with the benefit of less battery drain.

  In Linux we have yet to get an Nvidia driver that will do automatic
  switching.

  I am guessing that the problems you are having with video play back
  are nothing to do with which GPU is being used but in connection with
  the CPU being under intensive use and needing to task switch. The
  Nvidia GPU should handle video playback easily. If it is not then it
  could be a case of too much going on at the same time.

On the other hand, you can try bumblebee/optirun as described in Correct nvidia+intel graphics setup in 14.04

Then you can start ue4 with optirun prefix, thus using the Nvidia card for it and use Intel for other processes like the browser. Open a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T and enter:

(optirun <name of the program> &)

The (parenthesis) and & will detach the process from the terminal. This will allow you to work on the terminal after launching the program.  There are other ways of completely detaching the program from the terminal.

Also see How does bumblebee optirun actually work?.

I don't have an Nvidia card, so I have not tried it.

Hope this helps


Correct.
See the 21.04 Release Notes:

Release Upgrades
Upgrades from Ubuntu 20.10 to Ubuntu 21.04 are not enabled as it is possible for some systems to end up in an unbootable state if they use EFI version 1.10 - bug 1925010. Release upgrades will be enabled once an updated version of shim is available which is compatible with EFI version 1.10.


Do a whereis gnuplot to find out where it's located, eg.

guiverc@d960-ubu2:/de2900/lubuntu_64$   whereis sudo
sudo: /usr/bin/sudo /usr/lib/sudo /usr/share/man/man8/sudo.8.gz

then you could modify your script to point where it's located

ps:  I don't use gnuplot thus why I used whereis sudo.  The answer shows sudo is located in /usr/bin/ (so references to /usr/local/bin/ would be changed to point /usr/bin/ if that's the answer you get), also where it's man page is etc.


Ubuntu 13.04 on Windows 8 with dual boot

The size of swap space is best determined by the amount of RAM you have, not by your total disk space. The usual recommendation is to make swap space 1-2x your available RAM. The main reason for this is so that you can use the suspend-to-disk feature of the OS; when using this feature, RAM is copied to swap space, so swap space needs to be at least as large as your RAM. On most modern computers, swap is seldom used aside from this feature, so some users who don't use suspend-to-disk prefer to do without swap; however, I prefer to create it, since it gives you some insurance in case your memory use temporarily increases beyond normal limits.


Ubuntu server 14.04 and systemd-udevd process with high CPU usage

i had same problem on Mint 17.3 Rosa. To solve it, when my pc is idle : - I open up terminal, - login as SU, - use Top command and see PID of systemd, - and i kill it. CPU back to normal and Ram usage went low. Of course my desktop still stable, i can use my desktop normally after that operation. sorry for my bad english.


running apt-get install nvidia-current wants to downgrade the driver

If you already nvidia installed through apt-get, your software will be updated along with all the rest of your software when you run the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

There is no need to install anything else.

However, according to nvidia, you should be using version 361. If 361 is not available for your version of ubuntu (it is for 16.04) then you should use 352 which you already have installed.

Run the following commands to install version 361 if it is available it will install, otherwise, you are already good to go:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-361


If the ASUS Eee PC 1000HA is the same one I have, then it requires the 32-bit version. Not so sure, but for a netbook, typically just download the 32-bit ISO and perform a clean install after backing up the data. Using an external Optical drive (DVD/RW) for the install seems to work best. Never found the Eee PC all that simple to upgrade personally, but have done it this way for some time now. Don't store much on the netbook, mainly for travel.


Is Ubuntu a distro with Nautilus included?

To answer your first question (the other question is already covered in more than one place on this site), yes, Ubuntu includes Nautilus, which is part of Gnome, which is what Ubuntu is based on.


Your device ID 2001:3315 D-Link Corp. works with the driver 8812au. I wrote a tutorial about this a few days ago here: alfa AWUS036AC USB WIFI adapter

Please reply if you get stuck and I'll be very happy to help.


Error messages in terminal when using sudo to run apps as root

Never run graphical applications with sudo.  If you must, use gksudo instead.

sudo runs a command with superuser privileges, but does not change the home directory.  Graphical applications usually assume that the current home directory belongs to the current user, and that they are allowed to store (and refer back to) configuration files there.  However, if they do this under sudo, you'll have the root user trying to store files in your home directory, ending up with incorrect file permissions which will cause later problems.

It's possible your problems will go away immediately if you use gksudo instead, though you should check for root-owned files in your home directory anyway as they may cause further problems.


Basic instructions for running a CGI script inside Apache on Ubuntu 12.04?

You have to learn some Chinese. At least, try following a tutorial until you get stuck, and then post here to tell us which tutorial you were following and where you got stuck.

If you just want to run a CGI script, you don't need a web server for that. You can use w3m for that:

w3m -o cgi_bin=/path/to/cgi-bin file:/cgi-bin/script.cgi

Details about that syntax are here.

One option with Apache is to use the ScriptAlias directive.

However, first you may wish to publish a "basic "test.html" file in the web server root directory, and make sure you access that. Then move on to trying a CGI script.

Of course, check the web server logs if something goes wrong. Reviewing the logs for a "not found" result may reveal exactly which directory the web server is checking in instead of one you thought, which could lead the configuration fix that you need.


How can I get a Spyder 2 colorimeter working?

Seeing as nobody has answered this, I thought I'd share my experiences as I've now managed to get the Spyder 2 colorimeter working.

The easiest solution? Upgrade to Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric Ocelot.

The combination of the new kernel (3.0) and new version of ArgyllCMS (1.3.3 instead of 1.0.x) has made the Spyder 2 work again on my hardware. You can get fix this in 11.04 by using a 3.0 kernel and using the latest version of ArgyllCMS which you have to compile yourself, but it's just so much easier to install Oneiric.

I don't know what changed in the Linux kernel or ArgyllCMS, but I'm glad to report that this has now been fixed and my photos now look beautiful on my monitor :)


Troubles with modules after upgrade to kernel 3.2.0-60

It looks like you need to rebuild some proprietary drivers. While using 3.2.0-60, make sure that you have the linux-headers with the same version installed. Then open jockey-gtk and check if any proprietary drivers are being proposed for the wifi. If it is the case, then try to disable then re-enable the drivers, which will force the system to rebuild them for the kernel that you are currently running.

To see which kernel you're running do:

uname -a


VMWARE Fusion is for MacOSX.

I run VMWARE Workstation 7.1.1 and sounds works fine on Ubuntu emulated instances. ;)


Compiling and installing dante server from source for Ubuntu 16.04

It appears that the binary has been correctly installed - it's called sockd. This is the default name for this binary. You can rename it with mv /usr/local/sbin/sockd /usr/local/sbin/danted You can configure this, along with the default config file with configure options such as --with-sockd-conf=FILE It's the same with the apache2 binary in Ubuntu. In RHEL/Fedora, this binary is called httpd.

Since you have edited your question several times, some of this may no longer appear relevant:

When you manually compile/install, the default install location for binaries is /usr/local/bin. Check that this is in you PATH var with echo $PATH.

libscompat/timer.h is a C header file.

/usr/local/man/man5/socks.conf is not a config file, it's a man page.

Read the contents of this file with man /usr/local/man/man5/socks.conf and you will get an idea of what to put in /etc/socks.conf

You would normally be able to enable this with systemctl enable dante.service, but you will need to manually create the systemd service file in /usr/lib/systemd/system/

Here's an example of danted.service from 20.04:

[Unit]
Description=SOCKS (v4 and v5) proxy daemon (danted)
Documentation=man:danted(8) man:danted.conf(5)
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
PIDFile=/run/danted.pid
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/danted
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c ' \
    uid=`sed -n -e "s/[[:space:]]//g" -e "s/#.*//" -e "/^user\\.privileged/{s/[^:]*://p;q;}" /etc/danted.conf`; \
    if [ -n "$uid" ]; then \
        touch /var/run/danted.pid; \
        chown $uid /var/run/danted.pid; \
    fi \
    '
PrivateTmp=yes
InaccessibleDirectories=/boot /home /media /mnt /opt /root
ReadOnlyDirectories=/bin /etc /lib -/lib64 /sbin /usr /var
DeviceAllow=/dev/null rw

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


I was having exactly the same problem on a clean install I did of trusty this morning. I had to do an upgrade. I was getting the undefined symbol: cgmanager_get_pid_cgroup_abs_sync error when running lxc-ls as well.

sudo apt-get upgrade

That fixed the issue for me


Ubuntu 12.04 LTS graphics problem, booting to  tty

1. Do not worry.

Stay at your tty.
Login and enter your password.
Type to edit rc-sysinit.conf with vim:

 sudo vim /etc/init/rc-sysinit.conf

Find this string in rc-sysinit.conf:

 env DEFAULT_RUNLEVEL=2

If this value is different change it as shown above.
Save the file, Close vim
Type in your tty:

 reboot

Press Enter, and never worry :)


have you tried,
sudo alsamixer

and then unmute (Press m and up arrow to increase volume) the necessary things and reboot.


How do i create this file ??? On ubuntu 16.04 server

You need to create the directories first.

Assuming you have installed kodi, you may have a directory .kodi in your home directory. Do a cd to that directory, then see if there is already a directory called userdata. I think there is no such directory, which causes the write operation in nano to fail. Create that directory with mkdir userdata. (There is no need to use sudo, indeed it is bad practice, to write files in your own home directory using sudo.) Then cd into the userdata directory and do nano advancedsettings.xml.

That should  help.


Why do I have the same package installed for both architectures?

The i386 packages are installed on your amd64 system because i386 programs cannot use amd64 libraries.

This is how amd64 computers are able to run i386 programs & amd64 programs. If a amd64 program requests for libxml2, the amd64 version of libxml2 will be called. If an i386 program requests for libxml2, and it receives the amd64 version, they are not compatible - instead, it receives the i386 version of libxml2.

So the reason why both i386 and amd64 packages are installed, is for i386 program support on amd64 systems.


If I understand the question, you just one the first column of the dd output printed. The following pipes stderr and stdout to stdbuf to force output into 1 char buffer sizes so that the piping does not buffer a 4K page at a time. The tr replaces the line carriage return with a newline so that cut can extract lines at a time, and the cut selects field one of the output, namely the byte count from dd.
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null bs=1M status=progress 2>&1 | stdbuf -o1 tr '\r' '\n' | cut -d' ' -f1


How to display messages from kernel module without using dmesg?

All messages you can see with dmesg are by default written to var/log/syslog as well. So you can look through this log file with any tool you like.

I use less var/log/syslog for reading it later or tailf var/log/syslog for "just in time" purposes.

As zwets has just pointed out:  /var/log/dmesgcontains the dmesg output collected during system boot.


Use:

gksudo nautilus

With gksu you switch a user. And please by any means don't use sudo nautilus, this can mess up alot.


Need help booting windows after installing ubuntu dual boot

There are two options here as I see it.

You can try to repair the machine to where it was before. If you can find a Windows installation disk, this could be very easy, but it will make Ubuntu unbootable. Given you have data in windows and no data in Ubuntu, this is acceptable. At some later date, armed with more information you can try to reinstall Ubuntu.
You can try to repair the machine so that dual boot works correctly. This is harder, especially for a novice, and the outcome is less predictable. Nevertheless it may be worth trying, especially if experts reply to your question and are willing to help -- you can also try posting on the Ubuntu's own forums, where you may be more likely to get a response.

option 1

If you have, or can borrow, a windows 7 installation disk for your Windows 7 flavour (32 or 64 bit), this should give you the "repair" option to restore the Windows master boot record (MBR). See, e.g., http://www.tomshardware.com/news/win7-windows-7-mbr,10036.html. The "repair" option worked for me when I was unable to boot Windows 7 after installing ubuntu 12.04 a year or so ago on a new laptop, but the article I linked to goes into other things you can try if repair doesn't work.

option 2

Your problem may be related to issues installing on newer computers which have UEFI mode booting. Normally to boot from a CD you have to change your bios, but with UEFI systems there are two options and you need to choose the right one (see this answer). A good web page discussing how to deal with the resulting problems is https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI. In particular you could try the boot repair tool. There is also a link here to posting on ubuntu's own forums, which I would encourage you to try if you decide to take option 2 (or indeed if you take option 1 and then decide to try installing ubuntu again).

comment

Personally I would tend to favour taking option 1, if you can, or if you are desparate to get your Windows system back. One reason for this is that it may be a lot easier to reinstall ubuntu once you have restored windows (with appropriate advice from here or from ubuntu's own forums). My experience was that the boot repair tool didn't work, and I've seen some comments to the effect that trying to repair an ubuntu system where you installed it wrongly in the first place can be risky.

(A further option you could consider if you repaired using option 1 is to install ubuntu on a virtual machine within Windows. Search the web for this. Using a virtual machine of course may not go perfectly but it's safe as houses, because it's a windows program/data that you can simply delete if it goes wrong. If it does go well it may be what you need.)


EFI System Partition and its significance

When Windows is installed in Legacy BIOS (MBR) mode you do not need to create an EFI partition. When Windows is installed in UEFI mode you already do have an EFI partition.
Then you have to install ubuntu in UEFI mode - the existing EFI partition will be used.

Learn more : https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI


I'm looking at my crystal ball… It's a bit hazy… Ah, there it is.

You have an unbreakable space after nthreads in your mirror.list file. Replace it by a normal space.

Explanation: line 204 in the script is where apt-mirror compares the number of URLS — which is always numeric — with the value of the nthreads configuration setting. The parser for configuration settings doesn't check for numeric values, so a non-numeric value isn't detected until the setting is used. M-BM- displays two unprintable bytes c2a0 (0x42=B and 0x20=space, with M- indicating +0x80); this two-byte sequence encodes the unbreakable space in UTF-8.

In the future, post the full content of your configuration file when you ask such questions.


Differences between Ubuntu and Ubuntu Gnome

For Ubuntu derivatives you can check this link http://www.ubuntu.com/about/about-ubuntu/flavours
The differences between Ubuntu and official derivatives are desktop environment and software it bundles by default, but it still the same Ubuntu. Unity is not somehow better but it is default on Ubuntu.

Using tasksel command you can try other derivatives and choose your favorite:

sudo apt-get install tasksel
tasksel


how to yield all users the read/write permission for files in a the common directory

You don't need to use hard links, actually we can not create a hard link to a directory because it makes loop in file system hierarchy.

You have to use -s option to create a symlink (symbolic link):

Let's say I have mounted /dev/sda7 on /media/some/mount/point. To create a link to this path I have to run:

ln -s [target] [symlink]

Like:

ln -s /media/some/mount/point  /home/username/F

The permission of link would be 777 but however a symlink is a different file from you actual directory, it only grant access to symlink itself and the user must have correct permissions to be able to work with the files in  /media/some/mount/point.


You should try OS Uninstaller, that can be used from a live usb, burned into a CD or installed on your Ubuntu.
To install it on your Ubuntu OS:
Open the Terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T), then type:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair

Press enter and then type:
sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install -y os-uninstaller && os-uninstaller

The OS-Uninstaller will be now available, so open the Dash Home and type OS-Uninstaller, then press enter to initialize it.
For information on how to use it access the official article at Ubuntu Documentation (https://help.ubuntu.com/community/OS-Uninstaller).