Terminal splash screen with Weather, Calendar, Time & Sysinfo?

now bash script
NOTE: Updated April 28, 2018 for Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
The heavy lifting is the splash component that shows this:
$ now

Weather report: Edmonton               March 2018            ┌────────────────────────────┐
                                  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa       │   ┏━┓╺┓  ┏━┓┏━┓   ┏━┓┏┳┓   │
     \   /     Sunny                           1  2  3       │   ┃┃┃ ┃ ╹┏━┛┗━┫   ┣━┛┃┃┃   │
      .-.      -23--14 °C          4  5  6  7  8  9 10       │   ┗━┛╺┻╸╹┗━╸┗━┛   ╹  ╹ ╹   │
   ― (   ) ―   ↘ 22 km/h          11 12 13 14 15 16 17       └────────────────────────────┘
      `-’      14 km              18 19 20 21 22 23 24
     /   \     0.9 mm             25 26 27 28 29 30 31

Yes it really is -14 in Edmonton and feels like -23. A good time to spend the long-weekend inside playing the newly arrived Tomb Raider 2013! Maybe brush up on that Resume to move to Vancouver or Montreal...
Here is the code:

#!/bin/bash

# NAME: now
# PATH: $HOME/bin
# DESC: Display current weather, calendar and time
# CALL: Called from terminal or ~/.bashrc
# DATE: Apr 6, 2017. Modified: May 24, 2019.

# UPDT: 2019-05-24 If Weather unavailable nicely formatted error message.

# NOTE: To display all available toilet fonts use this one-liner:
#       for i in ${TOILET_FONT_PATH:=/usr/share/figlet}/*.{t,f}lf; do j=${i##*/}; toilet -d "${i%/*}" -f "$j" "${j%.*}"; done

# Setup for 92 character wide terminal
DateColumn=34 # Default is 27 for 80 character line, 34 for 92 character line
TimeColumn=61 # Default is 49 for   "   "   "   "    61 "   "   "   "

# Replace Edmonton with your city name, GPS, etc. See: curl wttr.in/:help
curl wttr.in/Edmonton?0 --silent --max-time 3 > /tmp/now-weather
# Timeout #. Increase for slow connection---^

readarray aWeather < /tmp/now-weather
rm -f /tmp/now-weather

# Was valid weather report found or an error message?
if [[ "${aWeather[0]}" == "Weather report:"* ]] ; then
    WeatherSuccess=true
    echo "${aWeather[@]}"
else
    WeatherSuccess=false
    echo "+============================+"
    echo "| Weather unavailable now!!! |"
    echo "| Check reason with command: |"
    echo "|                            |"
    echo "| curl wttr.in/Edmonton?0    |" # Replace Edmonton with your city
    echo "|   --silent --max-time 3    |"
    echo "+============================+"
    echo " "
fi
echo " "                # Pad blank lines for calendar & time to fit

#--------- DATE -------------------------------------------------------------

# calendar current month with today highlighted.
# colors 00=bright white, 31=red, 32=green, 33=yellow, 34=blue, 35=purple,
#        36=cyan, 37=white

tput sc                 # Save cursor position.
# Move up 9 lines
i=0
while [ $((++i)) -lt 10 ]; do tput cuu1; done

if [[ "$WeatherSuccess" == true ]] ; then
    # Depending on length of your city name and country name you will:
    #   1. Comment out next three lines of code. Uncomment fourth code line.
    #   2. Change subtraction value and set number of print spaces to match
    #      subtraction value. Then place comment on fourth code line.
    Column=$((DateColumn - 10))
    tput cuf $Column        # Move x column number
    # Blank out ", country" with x spaces
    printf "          "
else
    tput cuf $DateColumn    # Position to column 27 for date display
fi

# -h needed to turn off formating: https://askubuntu.com/questions/1013954/bash-substring-stringoffsetlength-error/1013960#1013960
cal > /tmp/terminal1
# -h not supported in Ubuntu 18.04. Use second answer: https://askubuntu.com/a/1028566/307523
tr -cd '\11\12\15\40\60-\136\140-\176' < /tmp/terminal1  > /tmp/terminal

CalLineCnt=1
Today=$(date +"%e")

printf "\033[32m"   # color green -- see list above.

while IFS= read -r Cal; do
    printf "%s" "$Cal"
    if [[ $CalLineCnt -gt 2 ]] ; then
        # See if today is on current line & invert background
        tput cub 22
        for (( j=0 ; j <= 18 ; j += 3 )) ; do
            Test=${Cal:$j:2}            # Current day on calendar line
            if [[ "$Test" == "$Today" ]] ; then
                printf "\033[7m"        # Reverse: [ 7 m
                printf "%s" "$Today"
                printf "\033[0m"        # Normal: [ 0 m
                printf "\033[32m"       # color green -- see list above.
                tput cuf 1
            else
                tput cuf 3
            fi
        done
    fi

    tput cud1               # Down one line
    tput cuf $DateColumn    # Move 27 columns right
    CalLineCnt=$((++CalLineCnt))
done < /tmp/terminal

printf "\033[00m"           # color -- bright white (default)
echo ""

tput rc                     # Restore saved cursor position.

#-------- TIME --------------------------------------------------------------

tput sc                 # Save cursor position.
# Move up 8 lines
i=0
while [ $((++i)) -lt 9 ]; do tput cuu1; done
tput cuf $TimeColumn    # Move 49 columns right

# Do we have the toilet package?
if hash toilet 2>/dev/null; then
    echo " $(date +"%I:%M %P") " | \
        toilet -f future --filter border > /tmp/terminal
# Do we have the figlet package?
elif hash figlet 2>/dev/null; then
#    echo $(date +"%I:%M %P") | figlet > /tmp/terminal
    date +"%I:%M %P" | figlet > /tmp/terminal
# else use standard font
else
#    echo $(date +"%I:%M %P") > /tmp/terminal
    date +"%I:%M %P" > /tmp/terminal
fi

while IFS= read -r Time; do
    printf "\033[01;36m"    # color cyan
    printf "%s" "$Time"
    tput cud1               # Up one line
    tput cuf $TimeColumn    # Move 49 columns right
done < /tmp/terminal

tput rc                     # Restore saved cursor position.

exit 0

Save the `~/.bashrc" file changes.
To display the Ubuntu information you need screenfetch:
sudo apt install screenfetch

There are similar display packages to screenfetch so shop around!
If you want the same command prompt with "─────────" dividing line between commands, change these lines:
if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then
    PS1='───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '
else
    PS1='───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '
fi
unset color_prompt force_color_prompt

Note the length of the separator line coincides with width of screenfetch output. In this case it is 92 characters wide and gnome-terminal preferences are set accordingly.


kile does not get keyboard input, respond to Alt+F

Sorry, not an answer.  Just something to confirm similar issues with Kile.  However, mine is through KDE for Windows.  Some .tex files won't let me edited them in the editor using the keyboard.  Can't copy paste either, but I can move the cursor around and scroll through the .tex file.  I filed a bug on KDE's website here: https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=292766

4-30-12:
Again, not an answer, but now I am experiencing similar problems with the keyboard input after upgrading from 11.10 to 12.04.  This is really frustrating as documents (.tex files) that worked fine before no longer allow me to type in them.  I can select and scroll with the mouse but no typing!!!!  Funny thing too is that it only happens for a few documents.


You need to replace pdflatex under Options -> Configure Texmaker -> Commands with

 "/usr/local/texlive/2014/bin/i386-linux/pdflatex"


Wireless lan QCA61x4 not working on Ubuntu 15.10

PROBLEM SOLVED!

Note that I confirmed following solution works on linux 4.2; perior kernel may not works.

This is how I accomplished:

Download firmware: https://github.com/makerj/ath10k-firmware/archive/master.zip
Unzip archive
WE NEED board.bin, firmware-5.bin_SW_RM~ which placed at QCA6174/hw2.1. thus, copy directory from ./ath10k-firmware-master/QCA6174 to /lib/firmware/ath10k

sudo cp -r ./ath10k-firmware-master/QCA6174 /lib/firmware/ath10k
Remove any suffix from firmware file. (e.g. firmware-5.bin_SW_RM~. to firmware-5.bin)
Reboot

Code version:

wget https://github.com/makerj/ath10k-firmware/archive/master.zip
unzip master.zip
cd ath10k-firmware-master/
sudo cp -r QCA6174/ /lib/firmware/ath10k/
cd /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA6174/hw2.1/
sudo mv firmware-5.bin_SW_RM.1.1.1-00157-QCARMSWPZ-1 firmware-5.bin
sudo reboot


SMB cifs wont automout using vers=3.0 in Ubuntu Server 18.04LTS /etc/fstab while using credentials file

A useful thread here.

I have faced this problem before and have used vers=1.0 which works perfectly.

You could also try mount -a -vvv to give a verbose version of the error.


I as well ended up switching to Unity. The problem is somewhere in the type of the window manager. Apparently Wine needs a stacking one, and Gnome Shell (Mutter), is compositing.
Related links:

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/15041/keyboard-mostly-doesnt-work-in-wine
Ubuntu 17.10 - what is a default window manager?
Is there a settings manager available for Mutter?
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/45104/how-can-i-switch-window-managers-in-gnome-3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_window_manager#Types_of_window_managers

2 notes, however:

I'm pretty sure it worked fine in Ubuntu 17.10 with Shell...
Compiz is compositing, too. I guess it's just smarter than Mutter, which, according to the above link, has approxiately 5 settings.


Failed to start LSB: Virtualbox Linux kernel module

Turn off secure boot in your BIOS. That should fix it.

edit:

To enter your BIOS, turn on your computer, and watch the BIOS flash screen and it'll usually tell you what key to touch to enter the BIOS (usually a function key). Once in the BIOS settings, depending on your BIOS, you might see a security section or tab. Find the secure boot option and turn it off, save your changes, and reboot the computer.

update 1:

To perform a file system check...

boot to the GRUB menu (where you select which OS to start)
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
at the # prompt, type sudo fsck -f /
you can ignore errors about the time/date/superblock
repeat the fsck command if there were other errors
type reboot

update 2:

To remove virtualbox...

boot to the GRUB menu (where you select which OS to start)
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
at the # prompt, type:

sudo mount -o rw,remount /
sudo dpkg -P virtualbox-qt
sudo dpkg -P virtualbox
reboot

update 3:

To try and fix failed updates...

boot to the GRUB menu (where you select which OS to start)
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
at the # prompt, type:

sudo mount -o rw,remount /
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get install -f
reboot

update 4:

After many failed attempts to fix the problems, you're going to have to reinstall Ubuntu. I don't think that the virtualbox install caused this problem. There must have been something wrong before, even if you didn't know it. I'd always recommend that you have good Windows and Ubuntu backups, just in case anything goes wrong. You'll need a Ubuntu 15.10 DVD/USB, choose reinstall so that it reinstalls into the same place as is currently used, but make sure to uncheck format partition so it'll keep your /home directory.


Not able to modify shared folders from windows 10 to ubuntu 18.04

Are you using gedit ?
i found the same problem with gedit. Its a problem with gedit.
I installed some other editor, and now im able to edit and save the files without any error.

Please let me know if it helps :) :)
All the best :)


If you don´t want to create a Partition for Ubuntu you have to Install it via Wubi

And I recommend that you turn off fast startup in Windows-8, when using it along with any Linux Distribution


Touchpad is recognized but not working on Toshiba P855-S5312 - Ubuntu 12.10

I also have the same issue with HP ProBook 4540s

the xinput list results:

Virtual core pointer                            id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad                id=11   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                         id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Sleep Button                              id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ HP HD Webcam [Fixed]                      id=9    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=10   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ HP WMI hotkeys


An Ubuntu installation ISO contains everything that is needed for booting
on old BIOS firmware and on modern EFI firmware. You just need to burn it
as "image" to the DVD, not as "data project" where you could compose a
DVD from more than one file.

If you already have a GNU/Linux system with DVD burner, you may use Xfburn,
K3B, or Brasero which all offer image burning (which you want) and data
project burning (which you don't want).

On the shell command line, it would be

growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/sr0=ubuntu-16.04-server-amd64.iso

or

xorriso -as cdrecord -v dev=/dev/sr0 blank=as_needed -eject ubuntu-16.04-server-amd64.iso

If you only have a MS-Windows system for burning, then look for instructions
like in https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd451080.aspx

You may also put the ISO flatly onto an USB stick. (Again, not as file into
a filesystem but as filesystem image.) For GNU/Linux instructions see
http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php?title=Isohybrid#Copying_onto_USB_stick_by_shell_commands .
With MS-Windows consider programs "win32diskimager" or "Rufus" in its "dd"
mode (not in its file unpacking mode).


Can't switch between Console mode and GUI

When at the console, type:

startx

If this works, press CTRL + ALT + F1 to get back to the console.

If 'startx' doesn't work, and it throws up errors, edit the question with those errors.

Hope this helps!!!


How to install Revolution R Enterprise, an rpm, when alien fails?

(non) Answer:

No one has figured out how to install the .rpm using alien or otherwise; even using Wine to host the Windows version does not work.

Good news / options:

the community edition works is available in the Ubuntu repository
Revolution R Enterprise is officially supported (only) on RedHat; but RevolutionR (the company) has also tested and found no no issues, on CentOS, which is freely available and 100% compatible with Redhat. Furthermore, Revolution R Enterprise will install on any distro with rpm; there is evidence of success with Fedora.


Apache2 not recognizing settings for third source

Got it working by editing the test2.conf using "sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/test2.conf" in terminal.


All you need to do is use the package manager.  If I understand you correctly it sounds like you tried to actually download a binary from their website, but it is unclear.

In windows this is standard, but in Linux or Ubuntu we use package managers or even the Software Store.

Try

sudo apt-get install qt-sdk

Let me know if this helps.

A side note generally Ubuntu doesn't worry about file extensions and if you can't execute a binary file it is probably due to permissions not being set.  Try right clicking on the file and add the execution permission to the file, but generally you can get everything from a PPA or Apt-Get.


How to install the correct intel driver onto Ubuntu 14.04

I don't know what laptop you have, but I suspect your issue has nothing to do with the graphics drivers. Ubuntu 14.04 already comes with Intel graphics drivers. Intel develops these drivers in the open and in the upstream kernel and Xorg trees.

The system freezing when trying to encode or transcode a movie, is likely due to simply overloading the system. Valley View is Intel Atom, which is their very low power X86 processor line. If you are trying to encode or transcode a movie in very high quality, you are probably running out of memory and hitting swap (if you even have any), probably using up all processing resources to perform the work, and depending on what type of hard drive you have, the disk I/O will bring your system to a crawl.


I'm unable to install typescript globally or any node packages on ubuntu 20.04

For those who will stumble upon this in the future, i created a directory call .npm-global/lib and now i'm able to install packages.


How to resolve "unknown user 'elasticsearch' in statoverride file" error?

In my case, following these steps worked:

Begin by completely uninstalling any Elasticsearch instances on your machine:

apt remove --purge elasticsearch
apt autoremove

Then, open the /var/lib/dpkg/statoverride file in your editor and remove lines mentioning the elasticsearch user.

It's not an ideal solution because it involves manually editing files which are normally modified only by dpkg itself, but running dpkg-reconfigure and apt --reinstall install didn't work for me; this was a last resort.


Can I encrypt whole hard drive when dual boot Ubuntu/Win 7 installed on same drive? If so what program?

I'd recommend a self-encrypting hard drive (SED). Not perfect, but they do work, and they don't slow down your system, except for bootup (assuming you are putting the decryption key in the pre-OS-boot sequence).  These are becoming more mainstream in business/enterprise and widely available (Dell sells them as part of a system package, now, e.g.). Here's a vendor page with some info : Western Ditgal/HGST Self-Encrypting Drives.


Your information states that you have an Atheros 9285 wireless card, not a realtek.

Plug into the ethernet and install linux-backports-modules-wireless-maverick-generic

sudo apt-get install linux-backports-modules-wireless-maverick-generic

and then reboot.


Install and run Ubuntu within a microSD Card?

It sounds like you are wearing the card out with too  many writes to a block.  Search this site for optimize usb, the same optimizations apply to the micro sd card. Basically, the approach is to turn off (mostly) unnecessary writes to directories with noatime on the mount, then move as much as possible to ram (like /tmp, /var/log, your browser cache, etc.)

If the adapter shows up in the boot menu, it should be OK. Not all computers will even try to boot off an sd card. In that case, putting it in a USB reader may allow a boot from an allowed device.


The entire process of using xorg-edgers ppa?

Now, before you go ahead, please note that one of the few vectors for getting malware onto your computer is a PPA, so never install a PPA because someone tells you so (including me).  Always use your own personal judgement and do some research before installing a PPA!  Having said that, a PPA with 1000s of users mentioned in numerous articles is always better then installing ppa:maffia.it/BotNet with a few 100 users!  ;-)

Having said that, I've been running with the xorg-edgers ppa for more then a year now and I get automatic updates from them, so I don't worry about installing and removing the PPA (don't know where you got that notion from).

If for some or other reason you would like to hold packages, just do so.

What the warning is all about is that you should not download individual .deb files from the xorg-edgers repository as they are not designed to be used that way as the .deb files have dependencies among them and have not been tested outside of the PPA.

Installing individual .deb files is a bad idea anyway if you have other means of installing software …


installation ubuntu 14.04 on win Xp professional 32 bit

Your processor only supports 32bit operating systems.

You need to download a 32bit Ubuntu version as @Mitch stated in the comments.


The /usr is a really important path of a GNU/Linux system, it contains a lot of (necessary) binaries, libraries, sources, shared stuff, etc.

It's the larggest part of a system:

5.6G    /usr
0       /proc
37K     /root
80M     /boot
0       /sys
423M    /lib
8.0K    /mnt
68K     /tmp
4.0K    /lib64
14M     /sbin
712M    /var
12M     /bin
1.2M    /dev

I have 2097 packages installed on my Ubuntu machine while 2019 of them have files installed  in /usr directory.

So it really doesn't worth the time to try reinstalling all these packages again to fix the issue, because it's somehow close to reinstalling the whole system again.

I've got an answer to the question: "Accidentally removed /bin. How do I restore it?" which you can use it for this situation too.

Simply to reinstall the packages, you have to chroot into your broken system, create a temporary /usr, get a list of all packages that have files installed in /usr using dpkg -S /usr then reinstall them or extract and copy the necessary files.

The other thing you can do is to use testdisk, you may be able to bring /usr back really fast, here is a step by step guide.

However I suggest you to get a backup of your files and reinstall the Ubuntu.


How to recover data from old encrypted hard drive?

If you don't have the key that is given after the creation of the encrypted volume there would be no way to restore the data. Otherwise the encryption would fail to fulfill it's purpose.

However...if you somehow still have access to the previous installation that used the encrypted volume you would be able to extract the needed key.

Edit #1:

Here is how you can retrieve the passphrase of a encrypted homedrive.

Step 1: Switch to the metadata directory of encryptfs

If your encrypted folder is ~/Private

$>sudo cd /home/&ltusername&gt/.ecryptfs

If that fails (i.e. directory does not exist) try the following directory that is used when you chose to encrypt the complete home directory.

$>sudo cd /home/.ecryptfs/&ltusername&gt/.ecryptfs

Step 2: unwrap the passphrase (it is encrypted with your user account password)

$>sudo ecryptfs-unwrap-passphrase wrapped-passphrase
passphrase: &ltuser password&gt

You now have the passphrase that was used to encrypt your data.

Conclusion

If you can find the .ecryptfs folder on your old volume you would be able extract the old ecryptfs passphrase from the metadata using the old users password.


How to write a shell script to assign letter grades to numeric ranges?

You already have the basic idea. If you want to code this in bash (which is a reasonable choice since it is the default shell on Ubuntu and most other Linuxes), you can't use case because it doesn't understand ranges. Instead, you could use if/else:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

read -p "Please enter your choice: " response

## If the response given did not consist entirely of digits
if [[ ! $response =~ ^[0-9]*$ ]]
then
    ## If it was Quit or quit, exit
    [[ $response =~ [Qq]uit ]] && exit
    ## If it wasn't quit or Quit but wasn't a number either,
    ## print an error message and quit.
    echo "Please enter a number between 0 and 100 or \"quit\" to exit" && exit
fi
## Process the other choices
if [ $response -le 59 ]
then
    echo "F"
elif [ $response -le 69 ]
then
    echo "D"
elif  [ $response -le 79 ]
then
    echo "C"
elif  [ $response -le 89 ]
then
    echo "B"
elif [ $response -le 100 ]
then
    echo "A"
elif [ $response -gt 100 ]
then
    echo "Please enter a number between 0 and 100"
     exit
fi


convenience/ease
use the "-s" (simulate) switch for apt-get

EDIT:

Occurs to me it might be more useful to look at the policies the dependencies.  Maybe:

apt-cache policy lamp-server^


Wireguard fails to build module even tho kernel headers are installed?

I had this precise problem yesterday on an AWS instance running Ubuntu Eoan. I believe the problem was that the system was still running an old kernel (5.3.0-1016-aws), which didn't have matching headers. After I rebooted, the system was running the 5.3.0-1019-aws kernel and was able to build the Wireguard module.

For diagnostic purposes, I ran apt list --installed | grep linux to see what kernel packages were installed, which is when I realized I was not running the kernel from the most recent package. (Run uname -a to see what kernel you are currently running.)

For what it's worth, this system is one of a pair, which is very convenient for experiments like this; obviously that doesn't help when you're dealing with your laptop -- and I am also having this problem on my laptop! I'll check the kernels on that machine and report back here... and this was not the solution for my laptop, running bionic aka Ubuntu 18.04. It is running the latest installed kernel, 5.3.0-7648-generic, and I'm still seeing the error /var/lib/dkms/wireguard/1.0.20200520/build/queueing.h:115:2: error: implicit declaration of function ‘skb_reset_redirect’; did you mean ‘skb_do_redirect’? [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration] in /var/lib/dkms/wireguard/1.0.20200520/build/make.log. I'll keep digging.

In response to the comment by ubfan1 about not using the PPA, I believe it is still necessary for Ubuntu ≤ 19.04 -- see https://www.wireguard.com/install/

Finally (?), I solved the problem on my laptop by running sudo do-release-upgrade -d and upgrading to Focal aka Ubuntu 20.04. This installed the 5.4.0-7629-generic kernel and now Wireguard is working again. This solution takes a little time and may be too disruptive for you, but seems fine.


How to integrate Psi (or Psi+) into the messaging menu?

Create a new file /usr/share/indicators/messages/applications/psi with the following content:

/usr/share/applications/psi.desktop

Logout and login again.


Change location and size of boot partition ubuntu 16

The solution to this problem is a little obvious in hind sight.

I began by creating the raid array
installed ubuntu 16
rebooted using the live usb
selected "try" ubuntu, and went through the boot repair options detailed here:
https://www.howtogeek.com/114884/how-to-repair-grub2-when-ubuntu-wont-boot/
Then followed the boot partition guidelines here:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootPartition
reboot

For reference, step 5 is the answer to my question, while steps 1-6 took care of my general problem.

It booted just fine. Hopefully this helps others with similar issues.


Unexpected logout while working in IntelliJ IDEA

After the last regular update the problem has disappeared. Video drivers also have been updated so I think the problem was over there.


Kubuntu accepts conflicting IP address from DHCP server

Huh? It's the DHCP server's responsibility to make sure that it doesn't offer clients an IP that is already in use.
If it does, that DHCP server is clearly buggy, or (more likely) your network setup is broken. If you have some fixed IPs in your network, make sure to configure your DHCP server to not assign those IPs! This is not the responsibility of each DHCP client.


Warning on startup about disk partition which has been deleted

To get rid of this problem you can remove the line that mentions the file from /etc/fstab

cp /etc/fstab fstab.bak
sudo -H gedit /etc/fstab

Delete any lines mentioning deleted partition information and save the file.

At the next boot, you won't get any warnings about the missing partition.


Not detecting NVIDIA,but detect llvmpipe (LLVM 6.0, 256 bits)

Disable Secure Boot in UEFI aka BIOS and the driver should load properly.


How can I include a custom command in deb file, to be executed at the end of installation?

use dpkg-deb to extract the .deb file

Create a temp dir

mkdir temp

Extract the .deb file to temp directory

dpkg-deb -x file.deb temp/
cd temp/
dpkg-deb -e file.deb

Now change the DEBAIN/postinst file. This script be called right after the installation of package. So add the code which is needed for you.

Rebuild the package

dpkg-deb -b . file.deb

or

If you don't want to edit .deb file. Create a simple shell script to call the .deb and the command you want to run.

vi test.sh
dpkg -i file.deb
/usr/bin/program.sh

and run it as ./test.sh

Hope this helps


Why are no changes to the main menu in Unity possible?

Yup, it's Unity. Assuming you're talking about the top bar (also known as the Unity Global Menu), you might find one or the other of these questions helpful:

How do I modify the Unity Global Menu
How can I manually edit the unity top panel?

If you're talking about the launcher (also Unity) you can add items to it by choosing "keep in launcher" while they're open.


Unable to launch application using Keyboard Shortcuts

Sorry guys. I've figured it out. I had to change the command to /usr/local/netbeans-8.0.2/bin/netbeans. This works for bo


How to Merge-and-Reorder Images and PDF pages?

Try PDFChain, pdfsam or Master PDF Editor. You can install PDFChain and pdfsam from Gnome Software, or you can type in a Terminal window:

sudo apt-get install pdfchain pdfsam

Master Pdf Editor is not available in Gnome Software, nor in the old Ubuntu Software Center. You can download the deb package from owner's site and open/install that package with gdebi, synaptic or Gnome Software, or you can type in a Terminal window:

wget http://get.code-industry.net/public/master-pdf-editor-3.6.30_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i master-pdf-editor-3.6.30_amd64.deb
sudo apt install -f

As to compare them in terms of capabilities, that's rather subjective and depends on user's taste for the GUI (graphical interface). I personally find Master PDF Editor to be the most complete pdf editor one can find in linux. It's like the equivalent of Adobe Acrobat in linux, minus some secondary features.


Trying to run VMware 8.0.2 on 11.10 x64?

To install VMware workstation in Ubuntu x64 run the following command:

sudo sh VMware-Workstation-Full-8.0.2-591240.x86_64.bundle

And then follow the setup instructions.


how to Turn off Bluetooth on wakeup from sleep

There is a bug report about it;
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1298552

As you can see from the report status, bug has been expired, importance is low and not assigned to anyone. I highly believe that the bug will not be resolved if no one reports a crash about it.

Workaround:

You may try disabling bluetooth service by writing a script on wake-up process. pm-utils provides a script based controlling mechanism. You can find the examples under /usr/lib/pm-utils/sleep.d/directory.

Create a new script called 99buetooth_disable;

$ sudo touch /usr/lib/pm-utils/sleep.d/99buetooth_disable

Open it up with your favorite editor (mine is nano btw);

$ sudo nano /usr/lib/pm-utils/sleep.d/99buetooth_disable

Put those commands into it;

#!/bin/sh

case "$1" in
    resume)
        echo "Disabling bluetooth..."
        sudo /etc/init.d/bluetooth stop
esac

Additionally you can also start and restart the service with following commands if you want;

sudo /etc/init.d/bluetooth start
sudo /etc/init.d/bluetooth restart

Now bluetooth service should be stopped after a clean resume.


Ubuntu installation is not proceeding after 'Allocate Drive Space' step

As the screenshot shows your hard disk is corrupted.
You have to completely rebuild your hard disk drive.

Then you can reinstall Windows and install Ubuntu.
So please follow these steps one after the other :

Save your personal data.
Boot from Ubuntu install media.
Select 'Try Ubuntu without installing'.
Open GParted.
Click on 'Device' in the application menu.
Select 'Create Partition Table'.
If you have an UEFI based BIOS select 'gpt'.
If you have a legacy BIOS select 'mbr'.
Boot from Windows install media.
Install Windows.
Boot from Ubuntu install media.
Open GParted.
Reduce the Windows partition.
Start Ubuntu installation.
Choose 'Something else'.
Select the unallocated space.

For further information : There are some other possibilities to prepare disks and partitions, but I chose this method to assure it will  provide the most easiest way for you to accomplish your goal.


Disable Bubble notifications in Empathy using Ubuntu 13.04

When in this Answer says "org > gnome > empathy > notifications" it means the schema in dconf-editor.

Disable Empathy notifications With Dconf-Editor

Make sure you have dconf-tool installed.

1) Open a Terminal window and type:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

2) Go to the dash home and search for the "dconf-editor" to open it

3) Navigate to the org.gnome.empathy.notifications and uncheck the key "notifications-enabled"

Disable Empathy notifications With gsettings command

If you prefer... you can do it with one command.

1) Open a Terminal window and just type:

gsettings set org.gnome.Empathy.notifications notifications-enabled false

Hope it helps.


While this is possible it's not a trivial task. You can succeed in this endeavor by utilizing the highly versatile ffmpeg You'll need to do the following:

Prerequisite: If you don't have ffmpeg you'll need to install it.

You can do this either by either (pick one)

A) obtaining a static build

Or

B) Installing from the repositories which requires enabling the universe repository and then installing with the command sudo apt-get update&&sudo apt-get install ffmpeg

Step 1 Extract the audio to a separate file to preserve it for re-use later n the process.

Step 2 Extract the frames and examine them all to decide which ones to replace.

Step 3 Replace those frames you deem necessary with a blank/black image of the same dimensions (you may avoid creating one if one already exists in the video that you can re-use.) insure the black frames have the same name as the frames you are replacing in order to maintain continuity.

Step 4 Assemble the frames back into a video.

Step 5 Re-apply the audio.

This is an oversimplified example as there are critical details regarding source material that doesn't exist in your question and you'll probably want to match bitrates with your source material so as to avoid quality loss. Also you'll want to extract and reassemble the same type of images whether you choose png or jpg. The examples provided should give you a great start though and there's a great deal of information available in the documentation

If there's anything unclear here or you get stuck somewhere along the way, drop me a comment and I'll do my best to clarify.


How do I customize Ubuntu Server's terminal preferences?

There's probably a better answer out there somewhere, but you can use setterm to set things like color (-foreground <color>, -background <color>, etc), and dpkg-reconfigure console-setup to change things like font and character set.

Note: The setterm commands will only apply to the current shell process, so you'll probably want to put those in a file that gets executed every time you start the shell, like ~/.bashrc.


Wifi does not detect all available Wifi in Ubuntu 16.04

You can check if your computer is able to detect all WIFI networks in Windows 10.
If yes, then there is no issue with your WLAN hardware.
In this case, what you can do is try reinstalling network-manager applet or user some other network applets. If it still doesn't work, try removing all changes you made to the default config and try once again.
If nothing works, you can try reinstalling the system as well, given that you've just installed the same


Shutter image export error: Error while connecting

Imgur guest upload is currently broken. You can use alternatives like Imgur-Screenshot until it's fixed.


Unable to locate package nvidia-355 and Hearthstone issues

In case you already have installed NVIDIA drivers, first uninstall every NVIDIA related software.

Open a terminal and execute:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Install the latest stable NVIDIA (long-lived branch) drivers from the Proprietary GPU drivers PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352
sudo reboot

When you want to have the latest (short-lived branch) drivers 355 - simply replace 352 with 355.


How do I hide all windows except the top one (like in Mac OS X)?

Yep. Here is the easy way I do it.

Download and install:
http://ubuntu-tweak.com/

Then start ubuntu-tweak from the menu:

applications->system tools->ubuntu tweak

then go to Compiz Settings:

Click the install simple settings and apply. Then you see that image of your desktop with the 4 drop down menus. There you can choose different type of options to happen to the windows when you move your mouse to that corner of the screen.


As you see, your ~/.bashrc contains an unnecessary echo that prints a literal string export PATH.

The ~/.bashrc file is sourced every time you start an interactive session. This is the reason why you see the string "export PATH" whenever you reload the session.

To get rid of it, just remove the echo. To make the command useful, replace it to a mere export PATH (without the leading echo) so that the $PATH variable is successfully exported as an environment variable:

PATH=$PATH:/opt/Xilinx/14.2/ISE_DS/ISE/bin/lin64/ export PATH


Why can't I get Nova/OpenStack to use a specific host?

Your problem is you are using the simple scheduler, which does not support filters or hints; it only "implements a naive scheduler that tries to find the least loaded host (i.e., implements a "spread-first" algorithm)."

You need to be using the Filter Scheduler, either as the primary or as the compute sub-scheduler.

See Chapter 11: Scheduling of the Openstack manual for more information.


Is it safe and secure to use 18.04 mini.iso minimal instalation for i3?

It's safe... but you should configure iptables to drop incoming traffic if you will be on a network that you don't control.

Here are some very basic instructions to get you started:

# Drop all traffic unless explicitly allowed
sudo iptables -P INPUT DROP

# Allow existing connections to stay connected
sudo iptables -A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

# Allow loopback connections
sudo iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

# Open any other ports you want to allow to come in, for example SSH, HTTP, and HTTPS
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT

Now check your work:

iptables -L

Start over if you need to:

iptables -X -F

For more detail, see: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-a-firewall-using-iptables-on-ubuntu-14-04


You can try os-prober . Install it by running the following command in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install os-prober

After installing, run the following command:

sudo os-prober

This will help you find the missing OS and restore them to your grub menu.


Mounting point second hdd, only for additional storage

During installation, you will be asked where you want to install Ubuntu. You can choose the SSD drive and specify that you want the whole drive to be used. A bit will be set apart for swapping though.

After installation is successful, the HDD will automatically be mounted in /media/{some long drive id}. If you want to change the HDD mount point to something easier to remember, then you will need to mess around with the fstab.


How to install parquet-tools on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS without building from source

So I finally managed to compile from source.
TL;DR

Compile trift with --host=x86_64.
Use apache-parquet-1.11.11 tag on parquet-mr repo instead of master.
Update trift dependency version from 12 to 13 in parquet-mr/pom.xml and add maven central repo (codehaus is dead):

+    <repository>
+      <id>mvnrepository</id>
+      <url>https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/</url>
+    </repository>
...
-    <thrift.version>0.12.0</thrift.version>
+    <thrift.version>0.13.0</thrift.version>

# install dependencies as described here: https://thrift.apache.org/docs/install/debian.html

# install thrift from source
wget -nv http://archive.apache.org/dist/thrift/0.13.0/thrift-0.13.0.tar.gz
tar xzf thrift-0.13.0.tar.gz
cd thrift-0.13.0
chmod +x ./configure
./configure --host=x86_64 --disable-libs
sudo make install

# build parquet-tools from source
git clone https://github.com/Parquet/parquet-mr.git
cd parquet-mr
git checkout apache-parquet-1.11.11

# build only parquet-tools and it's dependencies
# had to skip tests because one failed
mvn package -pl parquet-tools -am -Plocal -Dmaven.test.skip=true

# Use
java -jar parquet-tools/target/parquet-tools-*.jar --help

# Or if you're lazy like me:
alias parquet-tools="java -jar $(realpath ./parquet-tools/target/parquet-tools-*.jar)"

parquet-tools -h


Backup personal info/files for move to new server

From the current VPS, you could create a tarball of your home dir:

cd ~ && tar czf myhome.tgz ./

Then on the new VPS, you could unpack this tarball:

cd ~ && tar xzf myhome.tgz

You might consider unpacking to a tmp directory first and then copying only what you need:

mkdir tmp; tar xzf myhome.tgz -C tmp


every keypress pops up shudown prompt on new laptop!

Probably just a workaround, but in settings - power, set power behavior to nothing and the prompt goes away.
however as keys don't autorepeat, I suspect all is not quite right in the keyboard department.
Also plugging in an external keyboard fixes it, and auto repeat works, so I think the built in keyboard has a different interface that needs a driver change.


Skype, ICQ, Telegram icons are no longer displayed on Top Panel for Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS

Partially fixed for Skype and Telegram.

I install this Gnome Extension: KStatusNotifierItem/AppIndicator Support . Now I see Skype icon:

I go to Telegram Settings -> Advanced and enable Show Tray Icon from System Integration:

Now I see both icons for Telegram and Skype. Both applications continue work after closing by (x) close button on app window top panel. BTW ICQ not show Sys Icon, but also have same behavior like Skype and Telegram by close button click (continue working).


How do I change terminal font on Ubuntu MATE?

What you are facing is a bug in GLib, maintained by gnome developers. They have hard-coded a set of terminals emulator to try for these launchers and in that list, mate-terminal is not included. Even konsole, xfce4-terminal is also excluded.
Here is the bug report in github https://github.com/mate-desktop/mate-panel/issues/57
Read the summary made by MoonSweep

So, to summarize:
Contrary to what was said at the beginning of this thread, this is not a Mint-only issue, and this has nothing to do with the TERM variable. This is a known bug from GLib which has a hard-coded set of terminals to try and launch, and several of them are missing from this list (not only mate-terminal, but xfce-terminal or konsole for example are also missing).
Knowing how the Gnome guys are oblivious to anything outside of Gnome, I think it's no use to ask them to fix this issue in GLib, that's why I made a patch handling mate-terminal and posted it in the Debian BTS, then when mate-terminal's package started to provide a wrapper compatible with xterm, I updated the patch to handle x-terminal-emulator (which is a Debian alternative for all terminal emulators compatible with xterm), thus allowing GLib in Debian (and derivatives) to handle not only mate-terminal but all terminals which can be set as this alternative.

What can you do?
From My test, I saw that if you have gnome-terminal installed, it will first try that one. So, to avoid ugly xterm, you can install gnome-terminal which is very similar to mate-terminal and included in default Ubuntu Unity.
To install, use this command
sudo apt-get install gnome-terminal

For me, it fixed the issue. Try it. Hope it will work for you too!


Well, maybe there's a problem with the repository. I'm using Ubuntu 18.04, and when I run:

sudo apt-get update

I obtain a "Connection not reached" kind of message at the end.
If that's the case you'll just have to wait for some while...

Nevertheless you should also make sure your network connection is OK or has nothing to do with it.


Under View make sure you have selected All Processes :

Yes, that's normal. Swap space on a hard drive is muuuuuch slower than RAM.


How to Snapshot and Recover complete Linux system?

What I did was: split up the system between / and home.  That way I can just clone my system using partclone from CloneZilla in 20 minutes flat over USB 2.0 and use backintime do do incremental backups of /home.

The next thing I'm going to try is timeshift which looks like it has everything you need...  (But: I haven't even tried that one for back-ups, let alone restores whereas the above has been tested!)

Having said all the above: I like people backing up but this question is really a request for a software recommendation which is better served on Software Recommendations, a sister site to Ask Ubuntu...


Gedit 3.8.3 in Ubuntu 13.10 Editor Width Issue

Go to Edit > Preferences and make sure "Enable text wrapping" is checked. This will make it so that lines of text that are longer than what can be displayed on the screen are "wrapped", in other words, they will appear, in Gedit, to continue on a new line.


This bug has been reported previously. The bug report is available here

The link also mentions a few possible solutions. The one that worked for me uninstalling pcmanfm completely and reinstalling.


upgrade from Ubuntu 17.10 - system is hosting VirtualBox

I ended up moving the VM to a different box. That worked well, and freed up my Ubuntu system for updating to 18.04 LTS as suggested in the comments. Thank you.


What did I do wrong? Why isn't Ubuntu loading?

You could hook up a windows 8 CD, and set to run and click repair. that might fix it


packages cannot be authenticated! - traceroute

That message appears when your software is not up to date. So do a ...

sudo apt-get update

and do the install again; the notice should be gone.


Is there a pdf reader allowing me to change background color of (arXiv) pdfs?

You can do this in Okular if you don't mind pulling in kde dependencies.

sudo apt-get install okular

The option is found in Settings/Configure Okular.../Accessibility by checking Change colors then Color mode: Change Paper Color and select a color in the swatch below. Works with several pdf files I have from arxiv, but perhaps unsurprisingly, doesn't work with pdf files that are simply scans of pages.


MySQL won't start after changing the datadir (14.04, mysql 5.7)

From Learning MySQL: AppArmor and MySQL

If you want to relocate the data directory in MySQL (in this example, to the /data/directory), and AppArmor is not letting you, add the following two lines to the bottom of /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld:

/data/ r,
/data/** rwk,

...and then reload the AppArmor profiles:

sudo service apparmor reload


How to use the Landscape API in Landscape On-Premises correctly?

The rc file you sourced is probably incorrect, or the api service isn't running. Did you copy and paste from what landscape offered you in your user settings page?

Check the process listing on the landscape server and look for the api process. Also check the server logs in /var/log/landscape-server/.


This post on reddit says that it's because of a broken dependency and the fix for that is:

sudo apt-get install python-gobject

After typing that in a terminal, I'm now able to start GUFW.


How do I install linux-firmware from the git repoistory for Ryzen 3 2200g w/ VEGA iGPU?

After cloning the repository, open a terminal in the directory of the repo and run the following command
sudo cp amdgpu/* /lib/firmware/amdgpu/


You can open a terminal in Unity (the default desktop enviroment when you install Ubuntu 11.10) by pressing Ctrl + Alt + T or by:
Open the dash by pressing the top button in the launcher. You will see a screen similar to this:

In the search box, type in "terminal". Click the icon for terminal, or, if it is the first result, which I am assuming it is, press the enter key on your keyboard. Terminal will open. You can close it like any other program by pressing the red X in the upper right hand corner of the window. Hope that helps!


Ubuntu 13.10 Bad Video quality/coloring (AMD Radeon HD 6700 Series)

The open source drivers that come with Ubuntu 13.10 aren't that great, but Catalyst is not the driver for your GPU. Catalyst is only advised if you have a Radeon HD 7000 or greater. Get the latest open source drivers via oibaf's PPA. Be sure to remove Catalyst first.

sudo apt-get purge fglrx -y; sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers; sudo sed -i 's/saucy/raring/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/oibaf*; sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get upgrade -y; sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -y


Failed to start LSB: OpenIPMI Driver init script

I would guess your hardware does not have an IPMI chip.  To simply stop the errors during boot
systemctl disable openipmi

An LSB service is not defined natively in systemd.  That reduces the info that systemd can tell you.  In this case, openipmi installs the script /etc/init.d/openipmi.  It looks like this script has some built-in options to provide info.  E.g. this command outputs driver and device info.  Drivers not loaded and a device that does not exist would suggest the hardware does not have IPMI support.
/etc/init.d/openipmi status-all


I wouldn't recommend trying to categorize the root directory hierarchy, since some directories could belong to multiple categories. /proc for instance isn't only relevant to boot and run categories as in the table in your question. A good example of that are /proc/cpuinfo and /proc/devices  - these provide information about hardware rather than anything specific to (just) booting and running executables.

The Filesystem Hierarchy is a Standard maintained by Linux foundation, and since Ubuntu is based on Debian, there's also a page in Debian documentation that addresses these. If we are going to categorize things, let's consider the mentioned Debian page, with the highlighted parts. Roughly you could summarize them into:

Binaries(aka executable files, though they may contain other data): /bin/, /usr/bin, /opt
Devices and filesystems: /dev, /proc, /sys, /media/, /mnt. Yes, /proc, /dev/ and /sys are virtual filesystems exposed by kernel.
Data and configurations: /etc/, /var, /tmp, /usr. Note that /usr is here because as stated in Debian page this is "[s]econdary hierarchy for shareable, read-only data" and "files that are not-required to boot or rescue the system"
User directories: /home
Libraries for binaries: /lib

Keep in mind, this category isn't official, but these are the categories that would use Linux/Unix terminology. Note also that this is also not exhaustive set of categories, but they're broad enough to address possible uses for each directory, as in /proc example.


How to fix Java problem installing Matlab 2012a (64-bit) in Ubuntu 12.04 (64 bit)?

I had the same problem and was able to fix it with following steps. Open terminal Ctrl+Alt+T and run following command.

Install JRE if you don't have it already.

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre

Invoke the installer with -javadir option

sudo ./install -javadir  /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre


There is no easy, user-configurable way to change this aspect of GNOME Shell. At best, it could be achieved by a GNOME Shell extension, and otherwise, one needs to edit the source code.
In the new version of GNOME Shell, horizontal scrolling of the app grid is implemented. You could thus conveniently inspect the source code of the latest GNOME Shell version to learn how it can be done.


Is there Comprehensive view on snap related and Ubuntu evolution?

Please review snapcraft.io for a detailed look at these.


Unable to boot grub/Ubuntu directly after removing Windows partition

Things magically started working about after creating an empty FAT partition of some 200MB as the first partition and doing nothing more after that.

I was in the process of creating an EFI partition just as a test. Despite of what the BIOS was telling me about being in Legacy mode instead of UEFI, I wanted to make sure for myself. For some strange reason no additional steps were required after solely creating the partition. The additional grub steps for converting Ubuntu into UEFI mode weren't needed. Just converting Ubuntu into Legacy mode wasn't an option because the bios_grub flag wasn't available anywhere (Ubuntu live boot with gparted, stand-alone gparted live disc, etc.).


Clamtk virus scan stopped working on Ubuntu16.04.3 and shows no files scanned?

I solved it using info from  here

    sudo apt install clamav-daemon

and then to complete the fix in ClamTK settings>update assistant> I had to set it to "My computer automatically receives updates" and then ClamTK began scanning files again normally.


You can convert this JSON to CSV in a single line with jq.

jq '.data.headers | [.sender, .to, .subject, ."x-received-time",
.received, .from, .date, .id, .to, .subject, .fromfull]
+ [(.time | tostring)] | join(", ")'

Breakdown:

.data.headers - Emit headers as an object

If data contained an array of headers it would be .data[].headers

[…string keys list…] - Emit string values as an array
+ [(.time | tostring)] - Emit time as a string and add to the array
join(", ") - Join the array values using a comma and a space

Substitute your favorite delimiter here


Java app is using <1% cpu after upgrade from Ubuntu 18.04 to 20.04

The MySQL JDBC driver default behavior apparently changed when updating the OS.
The previous driver turned off transaction auto commits for Java batch updates - manually adding/running setAutoCommit(false) on the data connection dropped the run time back to normal (apparently it was running atomic transactions for 1000 some inserts).
This is a good example of why people should defensively code and add intentional code even if the default behavior/configuration is what's used in code - the default can and will change!
https://coderanch.com/t/299833/databases/Batch-update-setAutoCommit-false


If it is Ubuntu 14.04 or 14.10 sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source broadcom-sta-*
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer and reboot

If you don't have internet, download https://www.dropbox.com/sh/wal711rod6rssea/AAAMtlvWNyq-5BBquyEE6vW2a?dl=0
and copy it to DVD/CD/USB drive and copy it to your Downloads folder Ubuntu install.  Right click on the file in Ubuntu and select "Extract Here".  Then you should be able to

sudo mkdir /lib/firmware/b43

sudo cp ~/Downloads/b43/* /lib/firmware/b43/

Reboot


I had a similar problem with my HP Elitebook 8530w, which uses an NVidia Quadra graphics card. I use the recommended NVidia drivers in Ubuntu 12.04.

In Applications > System Tools > System Settings > Display it will not detect my secondary display.

However when I go to Applications > System Tools > Administration there is the option Nvidia X Server settings.
Here I can select another display which is being detected properly and I can immediately use my secondary display.


Seems as it has been replaced with evolution-ews according to this post What happened to evolution-mapi in 16.04?

Instead you can run this command line in the terminal to install evolution-ews.

sudo apt install evolution-ews


How can I upload folders from my mac to Ubuntu One

We don't currently have a MacOS X client for Ubuntu One, so the web site is the primary supported mechanism for that platform.

With that in mind, if you are willing to try out some less well polished software you might want to try out a small program I've been working on as a demonstration of the Ubuntu One APIs.

You can download it from:

http://people.canonical.com/~jamesh/u1ftp.zip

Once you've downloaded it, open a terminal and run python u1ftp.zip.  This will start up a small FTP server listening for connections on localhost, port 2121.  If you connect with an FTP client using your Ubuntu One credentials, it should give you access to your cloud storage.  Assuming the FTP client has a way to upload an entire folder, this may be a bit easier than using the web site.

You will probably need a third party FTP client though: while Finder can browse FTP sites, it apparently doesn't support uploads via FTP.


What is SkypeWebPlugin.pkg and why is it required?

A package file is for OS X. At this time, the skype web version does not have a plugin for Linux based systems.

You can use the official skype app though.


Use a ";" to seperate your commands

cd idea-IC-171.4424.56/bin ; ./idea.sh

You could use ./idea-IC-171.4424.56/bin/idea.sh to run it, however the results may be different as if the [shell] script accesses files in the current or relative directory, it won't find them as you didn't cd there before run.


Check if a file ever existed and track its contents

Use inotify (manual).

If you know Python, use watchdog.


How to install Kodi 16.1 "Jarvis" on Ubuntu 18.04 (Bionic Beaver)

I would advise against building this older version of Kodi on
Bionic Beaver but I have undertaken it as a challenge anyway! (And of course I realise that you have a very specific need for this version).
It builds many older libraries, downloads a huge number of files
and is just plain hard workI

However despite it being a somewhat arduous process this guide
gave me a working copy of Kodi 16.1 on Bionic Beaver and
should work well enough on your Bionic system as well if
you decide to use it. I have exhaustively tested this on a fresh VM, consider testing it
in a Virtual Machine yourself before committing to your main machine?

1. Download dependencies:

Dependencies for the Kodi package can be found using sudo apt-get build-dep kodi
and this has assembled the following list which should be copied and pasted into
a Terminal window. On a fresh Virtual Machine this was a 314mb download...

sudo apt-get install antlr autoconf automake autopoint autotools-dev \
build-essential ca-certificates-java cmake cmake-data cpp-6 curl debhelper \
default-jre default-jre-headless default-libmysqlclient-dev dh-autoreconf \
dh-python dh-strip-nondeterminism doxygen dpkg-dev fontforge-common \
fontforge-nox g++ g++-6 g++-7 gawk gcc gcc-6 gcc-6-base gcc-7 \
gir1.2-harfbuzz-0.0 googletest gperf groovy icu-devtools ivy java-common \
junit4 libantlr-java libao-dev libapache-pom-java libasan3 libasan4 libasm-java \
libasound2-dev libass-dev libass9 libatk-wrapper-java libatk-wrapper-java-jni \
libatomic1 libavahi-client-dev libavahi-common-dev libavcodec-dev libavcodec57 \
libavfilter-dev libavfilter6 libavformat-dev libavformat57 libavresample-dev \
libavresample3 libavutil-dev libavutil55 libbluetooth-dev libbluray-dev \
libbluray2 libboost-atomic1.65-dev libboost-atomic1.65.1 \
libboost-chrono1.65-dev libboost-chrono1.65.1 libboost-date-time1.65-dev \
libboost-dev libboost-serialization1.65-dev libboost-serialization1.65.1 \
libboost-system1.65-dev libboost-thread-dev libboost-thread1.65-dev \
libboost1.65-dev libbs2b0 libbsf-java libbz2-dev libc-dev-bin libc6-dev \
libcap-dev libcapnp-0.6.1 libcdio-dev libcec-dev libcec4 libchromaprint1 \
libcilkrts5 libclang1-6.0 libcommons-cli-java libcommons-lang-java \
libcommons-logging-java libcommons-parent-java libcrossguid-dev \
libcrossguid0 libcrystalhd3 libcurl4 libcurl4-gnutls-dev libcwiid-dev \
libcwiid1 libdbus-1-dev libdrm-dev libegl1-mesa-dev libexpat1-dev \
libfile-stripnondeterminism-perl libflite1 libfluidsynth1 libfontconfig1-dev \
libfontforge2 libfreetype6-dev libfribidi-dev libfstrcmp-dev libfstrcmp0 \
libgcc-6-dev libgcc-7-dev libgcrypt20-dev libgdraw5 libgif-dev libgif7 \
libgl1-mesa-dev libgles2-mesa-dev libglib2.0-dev libglib2.0-dev-bin \
libglu1-mesa-dev libglvnd-core-dev libglvnd-dev libgme0 libgmp-dev \
libgmpxx4ldbl libgnutls-dane0 libgnutls-openssl27 libgnutls28-dev \
libgnutlsxx28 libgpg-error-dev libgraphite2-dev libgsm1 libgtest-dev \
libhamcrest-java libharfbuzz-dev libharfbuzz-gobject0 \
libhawtjni-runtime-java libibus-1.0-dev libice-dev libicu-dev \
libicu-le-hb-dev libicu-le-hb0 libiculx60 libidn2-0-dev libidn2-dev \
libiso9660-10 libiso9660-dev libitm1 libjansi-java libjansi-native-java \
libjline2-java libjpeg-dev libjpeg-turbo8-dev libjpeg8-dev libjsoncpp1 \
liblcms2-dev liblsan0 libltdl-dev liblzo2-dev libmad0 libmicrohttpd-dev \
libmicrohttpd12 libmirclient-dev libmirclient9 libmircommon-dev \
libmircommon7 libmircookie-dev libmircookie2 libmircore-dev libmircore1 \
libmirprotobuf3 libmodplug-dev libmodplug1 libmpx2 libmysofa0 \
libmysqlclient-dev libmysqlclient20 libnfs-dev libnfs11 libnorm1 libopengl0 \
libopenjp2-7 libopenmpt0 libp11-kit-dev libp8-platform-dev libp8-platform2 \
libpcre16-3 libpcre3-dev libpcre32-3 libpcrecpp0v5 libpgm-5.2-0 libplist-dev \
libpng-dev libpostproc-dev libpostproc54 libprotobuf-dev libprotobuf-lite10 \
libpthread-stubs0-dev libpulse-dev libpython-dev libpython-stdlib \
libpython2.7-dev libqdox-java librhash0 librsvg2-bin librubberband2 \
libsdl2-2.0-0 libsdl2-dev libsdl2-image-2.0-0 libsdl2-image-dev \
libsdl2-mixer-2.0-0 libsdl2-mixer-dev libservlet3.1-java libset-scalar-perl \
libshairport-dev libshairport2 libshine3 libsigsegv2 libsm-dev \
libsmbclient-dev libsnappy1v5 libsndio-dev libsndio6.1 libsoxr0 libspiro0 \
libsqlite3-dev libssh-gcrypt-4 libssh-gcrypt-dev libstdc++-6-dev \
libstdc++-7-dev libswresample-dev libswresample2 libswscale-dev libswscale4 \
libtag1-dev libtasn1-6-dev libtinyxml-dev libtinyxml2.6.2v5 libtool libtsan0 \
libubsan0 libudev-dev libunbound2 libuninameslist1 libuv1 libva-dev \
libva-drm2 libva-glx2 libva-wayland2 libva-x11-2 libva2 libvdpau-dev \
libvdpau1 libwayland-bin libwayland-dev libx11-dev libx11-xcb-dev \
libx264-152 libx265-146 libxau-dev libxcb-dri2-0-dev libxcb-dri3-dev \
libxcb-glx0-dev libxcb-present-dev libxcb-randr0-dev libxcb-render0-dev \
libxcb-shape0-dev libxcb-sync-dev libxcb-xfixes0-dev libxcb1-dev \
libxcursor-dev libxdamage-dev libxdmcp-dev libxext-dev libxfixes-dev \
libxi-dev libxinerama-dev libxkbcommon-dev libxml2-dev libxmu-dev \
libxmu-headers libxpp3-java libxrandr-dev libxrender-dev libxshmfence-dev \
libxslt1-dev libxss-dev libxstream-java libxt-dev libxv-dev libxvidcore4 \
libxxf86vm-dev libyajl-dev libzmq5 libzvbi-common libzvbi0 linux-libc-dev m4 \
make mesa-common-dev mysql-common nettle-dev openjdk-11-jre \
openjdk-11-jre-headless pkg-config po-debconf python python-dev \
python-minimal python-pil python2.7 python2.7-dev python2.7-minimal \
python3-distutils python3-lib2to3 swig swig3.0 uuid-dev valgrind \
x11proto-core-dev x11proto-damage-dev x11proto-dev x11proto-dri2-dev \
x11proto-fixes-dev x11proto-gl-dev x11proto-input-dev x11proto-randr-dev \
x11proto-scrnsaver-dev x11proto-xext-dev x11proto-xf86vidmode-dev \
x11proto-xinerama-dev xorg-sgml-doctools xtrans-dev yasm zlib1g-dev \
checkinstall libglew-dev libmpeg2-4-dev liblogg4-dev libtiff-dev \
libssl-dev libcrypto++-dev libusb-dev liblockfile-dev

2. Make a build directory & download source:

Now create a build directory, change to it and download and extract
the source for Kodi 16.1. Use the following commands one at a time:

mkdir $HOME/kodi_build && cd $HOME/kodi_build
wget https://github.com/xbmc/xbmc/archive/16.1-Jarvis.tar.gz
tar xvf 16.1-Jarvis.tar.gz

A patch is required to enable cximage to build with the newer
gcc and the following 1 line command will download this patch from
an older Kodi commit:

wget https://github.com/xbmc/xbmc/commit/8f82e51563f0e1bc9b7a8adf669ad2b66e7ce3e5.patch \
-O kodi_16.1_cxximage_gcc_fix.diff

3. Build kodi:

First to create the required autobuild tools / configuration:

cd $HOME/kodi_build/xbmc-16.1-Jarvis
./bootstrap

And now to build, download, compile and install even more required
dependencies. I have divided these into sections for the sake of (hopefully)
some clarity:

i) Build some dependencies from the Kodi extras folder:

Kodi has a build system in place for some of the more awkward dependencies
and we use it here. Use the following commands 1 at a time:

sudo make -C tools/depends/target/crossguid PREFIX=/usr/local
sudo make -C tools/depends/target/libdcadec PREFIX=/usr/local

ii) Find a decent copy of Jasper:

Jasper is gone from Ubuntu so retrieve it from our Debian colleagues,
use the following commands one at a time in the given sequence:
:

wget http://security.debian.org/debian-security/pool/updates/main/j/jasper/libjasper1_1.900.1-13+deb7u6_amd64.deb
wget http://security.debian.org/debian-security/pool/updates/main/j/jasper/libjasper-dev_1.900.1-13+deb7u6_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libjasper1_1.900.1-13+deb7u6_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libjasper-dev_1.900.1-13+deb7u6_amd64.deb

iii) Compile the older required version of libcec:

This version of kodi wants an older version of libcec and the following
will install this. Not ideal using these older versions but this is part
of the price to building older software on a newer release...

First for libplatform (required by libcec), from the Xenial xbmc PPA:

wget http://ppa.launchpad.net/team-xbmc/ppa/ubuntu/pool/main/p/platform/libplatform2_2.0.1-1~xenial_amd64.deb
wget http://ppa.launchpad.net/team-xbmc/ppa/ubuntu/pool/main/p/platform/libplatform-dev_2.0.1-1~xenial_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libplatform2_2.0.1-1~xenial_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libplatform-dev_2.0.1-1~xenial_amd64.deb

And then to compile the required version of libcec and install it
to /usr/local:

cd $HOME/kodi_build
wget https://github.com/Pulse-Eight/libcec/archive/libcec-3.0.0.tar.gz
tar xvf libcec-3.0.0.tar.gz && cd libcec-libcec-3.0.0
mkdir build && cd build
cmake ..
make && sudo make install

iv) Compile kodi:

Finally to compile and patch the Kodi source:

(Note that the upcoming ./configure process will download and use its own copy
of FFmpeg, this can be disabled but for this build we will allow it to happen!
Details of this process are contained in tools/depends/target/ffmpeg).

cd $HOME/kodi_build/xbmc-16.1-Jarvis
patch -p1 < ../kodi_16.1_cxximage_gcc_fix.diff
./configure --disable-wayland
make -j 4
sudo make install

5. Obligatory screenshot:

Below is a screenshot of Kodi 16.1 running on my Bionic Beaver system:

You will need to test this version to ensure that all appropriate options
have been used to meet your specific needs. Tweaking is always possible :).

Notes:

The Kodi configuration created by following this guide is as follows, there
are a few sections marked as 'No' which could doubtless be worked on if
required:

------------------------
  Kodi Configuration:
------------------------
  Kodi Version: 16.1
  git Rev.: Unknown
  Debugging:    Yes
  Profiling:    No
  Optimization: Yes
  SWIG Available:   Yes
  JRE Available:    Yes
  Doxygen Available:    Yes
  Crosscomp.:   No
  target ARCH:
  target CPU:
  OpenGL:   Yes
  ALSA:     Yes
  DBUS:     Yes
  VDPAU:    Yes
  VAAPI:    Yes
  VTBDecoder:   No
  OpenMax:  No
  Joystick: Yes
  Touch skin:   No
  X11:      Yes
  Wayland:  No
  Bluray:   Yes
  TexturePacker:Yes
  MID Support:  No
  ccache:   No
  ALSA Support: Yes
  PulseAudio:   Yes
  DVDCSS:   Yes
  Google Test Framework Configured: Yes
  Google Breakpad Configured:   No
  Avahi:    Yes
  mDNSEmbedded: No
  Non-free: Yes
  ASAP Codec:   No
  MySQL:    Yes
  Webserver:    Yes
  libssh support:   Yes
  libRTMP support:  No
  libsmbclient support: Yes
  libnfs client support:Yes
  libgif support:   Yes
  AirPlay support:  Yes
  AirTunes support: No
  UPnP support:     Yes
  Optical drive:    Yes
  libudev support:  Yes
  libusb support:   No
  libcec support:   Yes
  libcap support:   Yes
  additional players:   No
  additional codecs:    No
  prefix:   /usr/local
------------------------


The message 'can't read private key' is not an error; it is an informational message that doesn't prevent compilation and installation of the driver r8101. In fact, looking at lsmod, the listing of loaded modules, it is active and has created an ethernet interface eth0. It has not yet connected, however.

Please reboot so we have a clean slate and then run:

dmesg > r8101.txt

Find the file r8101.txt and paste it here: http://paste.ubuntu.com Give us the link in your reply.

We see nothing remarkable; that is, fixable so far. Would you please also do:

nm-tool > r8101v2.txt
cat /var/log/syslog | grep -e etwork -e eth0 | tail -n20  >> r8101v2.txt
cat /etc/network/interfaces  >> r8101v2.txt

Paste as above and give us the link, please.

I suggest you try:

sudo ethtool -s eth0 speed 100 duplex half autoneg off

Can you now connect? If it works, we'll write to one file and make it persistent.

Let's get your wireless going. According to dmesg, it is:

  [14e4:4365] type 00 class 0x028000

Since you still have the install USB or DVD, insert it and drill down to pool > restricted > b > bcmwl and drag bcmwl-kernel-source to your desktop. Do the same with pool > main > d > dkms and drag dkms to you desktop. Then install:

cd ~/Desktop
sudo dpkg -i dkms*.deb
sudo dpkg -i bcmwl*.deb

Reboot and tell us if your wireless is working.


Laptop not suspending after closing my lid

Try looking on power management in the system settings. There should be a section where it says when laptop lid closed... and then you have the various options.
Have you tried this Suspend on lid close doesn't work 16.04 ?


Can't install Ubuntu desktop (Depends on wireless-tools but this cannot be installed)

Read the error message carefully:

dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/wireless-tools_30~pre9-12ubuntu1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/sbin/iwconfig', which is also in package wireless-tools-udeb 30~pre9-8ubuntu1

Lets break that down a bit:

dpkg: error processing archive A (--unpack): trying to overwrite 'FILE', which is also in package B

FILE can only be provided by one package at a time.
When two packages (A and B) both try to provide FILE, the two packages conflict. You cannot have both installed at the same time.

Since you want A, you must uninstall B, or you must --force install A.


How to turn off hard drive when booting from USB?

Here are the steps to take your hard disk to enter standby mode (or to sleep mode). This gets HDD to spin down and park the heads to landing zones so that the chances of a head crash is nullified.

Boot the Ubuntu liveCD/DVD/USB.
If the HDD that you're trying to take to standby mode has a swap-partition (likely if you have Ubuntu installed in your HDD as well), turn it off.

sudo swapoff -a (This turns off all devices marked as swap)
Now to make your HDD enter low power consumption standby mode:

sudo hdparm -y /dev/sdX where sdX is the target HDD, and X in sdX should be replaced appropriately (with a, b, c, ..., z); assuming it to be sda, the command would look like this: sudo hdparm -y /dev/sda

Or you could make your HDD enter the lowest power consumption sleep mode, causing it to shut down completely with:

sudo hdparm -Y /dev/sdX (sdX should be the target device)

That's it! You can then continue using your live Ubuntu session.

(Note: Modern laptops use "self-park" for better & safe portability.)

PS. This method of putting a HDD to standby mode can prove helpful also when you want to be a little economical on power consumption. Especially in desktop computers, if you have more that one internal HDDs, you can power down those which you use very less than often.


How long does at(1) wait for a scheduled task to complete?

at simply runs the command at the specified time.  It does not influence the command at that time or afterwards.  Whether a process continues to run is decided by the kernel, (in particular the memory manager can kill it if it's consuming too many resources), and other subsystems you or your distribution may have installed to ensure system stability.

Aside from that, the issue listed in the manpage may have an influence on how it is run:

  As at is currently implemented as a setuid program, other environment
      variables (e.g., LD_LIBRARY_PATH or LD_PRELOAD) are also not  exported.

But this will only have an effect on how it runs, not directly on how long it runs for.

So, to answer the question directly, it will run as long as the system lets it run which is usually forever so long as it behaves and doesn't choose to terminate itself.


Unable to format usb drive (udisks-error-quark, 14)

Test this:

Plug Your usb drive.

Open a terminal:

Run it:

sudo -i
#Verify that your device is /dev/sdc with fdisk:
fdisk -l
umount /dev/sdc
fdisk /dev/sdc
o ---#Create a new empty partition table
n ---#Create a new partition
w ---#Write the new partition table and exit
#Format partition in ext4 filesystem
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1

The fdisk menu:

Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)


Xubuntu - shortcut for magnifying screen

Found the answer here
The default shortcut is Alt + mouse wheel and it can be disabled in Window Manager Tweaks


Dash is not behaving normal in Ubuntu 13.04

Steps:

For this you need to install CompizConfig Settings Manager
Then under CCSM go to Desktop -> Ubuntu Unity Plugin -> General -> Dash Blur
In that Dash Blur options set option as "No Blur"

That's it .


The only proper way of upgrading without doing a fresh install is to do it in sequences. So you should first go for 14.10 then 15.04 and finally 15.10.

The procedure is quite similar to this, you only need to do the "do-release-upgrade -d" one more time : Update Ubuntu 14.04 to 15.04


what is this panel indicator/menu bar icon?

It's Remmina Remote Desktop Client.

Although I don't think it is the culprit for the freezing, you can stop it from being launched at initialization by running on a terminal:

rm ~/.config/autostart/remmina-applet.desktop


Is there any command to show how much time your ubuntu is on?

Give a try to uptime command,

$ uptime -s
2014-06-17 09:36:38

OR

$ uptime -p
up 10 hours, 12 minutes

From uptime --help

-p, --pretty   show uptime in pretty format

-s, --since    system up since

From man uptime,

   uptime gives a one line display of the following information.  The cur‐
   rent time, how long the system has been running,  how  many  users  are
   currently  logged  on,  and the system load averages for the past 1, 5,
   and 15 minutes.


Will files and data be deleted when I update from 10.10 to 11.04?

At the end of the upgrade, you can choose to keep all your files, including previous kernel version and old libraries. So, an upgrade wont delete any of your files, but you may remove the old libraries and programs, at your choice.


How to fix - "“GPT detected. Please create a BIOS-Boot partition” while using boot-repair"

In the windows world and by default on linux, there are only two possibilities:

old: BIOS-MB + MBR-disk
new: EFI-MB + gpt-disk

However if you have an old motherboard and a new disk linux gives you a chance

You can use a gpt disk with a bios-MB
The key thing there is that you need to create a BBP — a tiny 1MB special bios boot partition near the beginning of the disk. [Not to be confused by EFI partition or linux separate boot ]

You can do that with parted though I'd recommend gpt things to be done with gdisk.

If you prefer (g)parted, do the actual partitioning with gdisk and examination/mkfs etc with (g)parted.
This keeps alignment well. Thereafter marking the type as BBP may be easier with (g)parted.

This is a cutpaste of this post.

(No rep for making a comment. Mods can do that if they choose)


"SQL engine 'mysql' not supported" with saslauth

If you have ubuntu 12.04, your problem seems to be this:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/cyrus-sasl2/+bug/875440

The best option for me was to downgrade libsqlite0 db4.8-util libssl0.9.8 packages to 2.1.23 version.

cheeers.


Realtek 8723 AE not working after graphics driver update (from fresh install of Ubuntu 12.04.3)

You require but do not have the needed firmware. With a working wired ethernet connection, please open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get install linux-firmware

Detach the ethernet, reboot and let us know if it's working.

If you are unable to connect to the internet, download this file on a USB key or similar: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.79.7_all.deb Drag and drop it from the USB key to your desktop. Open a terminal and do:

cd ~/Desktop
sudo dpkg -i linux-firmware_1.79.7_all.deb

Reboot.


Transmission opening up without torrents

From the transmission-gtk manpage for Vivid:

FILES
     ~/.config/transmission
             The config-dir used when neither [TRANSMISSION_HOME] nor [-g] is
             specified.

So in order to load the configuration files transmission-gtk first checks the $TRANSMISSION_HOME environment variable, then falls back to checking the -g option and finally falls back to loading the configuration files from the ~/.config/transmission directory.

Since you're running this as a Cron job, use the -g option to specify the full path to Transmission's configuration folder:

transmission-gtk -g /home/username/.config/transmission


How do I close Adobe Acrobat from within terminal?

Well, depending on what you are doing with your scripting but closing applications can be achieved by the pkill command, and for your specific case you can take a look at this. pkill From Wikipedia

In this case, dropping the pkill -3 acroread in a terminal (or via your shell script) will result in the "forcing to close" Adobe Acrobat Reader.

Good luck!


What's the friendliest virtualization solution?

I'd recommend VirtualBox, if you're just getting started. (apt-get install virtualbox-ose) It's intended for running a virtual machine on a desktop (or laptop) computer, so that you can use both the virtual (guest) computer and the real (host) computer together. It gives you a nice GUI that you can use to create virtual machines and alter their settings. You can start and stop the virtual machine, so that if you need extra processing power for some task you're running on the host, the guest doesn't have to get in the way.

The names you gave in your question are more high-level, I think. They're the kinds of things I hear about in connection with virtual private server (VPS) companies, which are web hosting companies that use virtualization to provide several people with servers using one physical computer. They're probably somewhat more complicated to set up and maintain, and typically when you use something like Xen, the host computer isn't intended to do much besides serving as a "base" for the VPS's.


How do I use the set command to find directories in my path?

You are correct that set is a shell builtin: that means that its documentation is in the manual page for bash (in the SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS section) rather than in a manpage of its own. More simply, you can get basic usage information by typing

help set

from the shell prompt. As to using it to "find out all directories in your path" it would be useful to have some context - I can't really imagine what your instructor/teacher might be intending, aside from perhaps using set -- $PATH (with a suitable IFS field separator) to assign path elements to the shell's positional parameters, and then print them.


"permission denied" when downloading with Transmission

I had the same problem. I think its about creating new folders in the download folder. The torrent start to work, but when it tries to create a new folder, it gets the Denied access error.

I solved the problem adding the debian-transmission user to the users group.

sudo adduser debian-transmission users

My download folder has 777 permissions.


How to install and run GSconnect to have Android integration (fransfer files, send SMS/text, get notification & more) in Ubuntu?

1. Install GSconnect on your desktop
Open the GSconnect page on GNOME Extensions website in either the Firefox web browser (or Google Chrome).

Note: If you have not previously enabled support for GNOME Extensions you will need to do so first. Just install the following package, which provides the necessary integration for web browsers (despite the name it works with Firefox), and then load the page above.

sudo apt install chrome-gnome-shell

2. Install KDE Connect on your Phone
Next, install the KDE Connect Android app on a compatible Android phone, tablet, or Chromebook. KDE Connect for Android is available on F-Droid and from the Google Play Store:

3. Pair them!
With both requirements met you can go ahead and pair you devices!
Make sure that the Android device you’re using and your Ubuntu Linux PC are on the same network, then.
    Open the KDE Connect app on your phone.
    Select the “Pair a new device” option.
    You should see your system’s name appear in the list of “Available devices”.
    Tap your system to send a pair request to your system.
Note: It is important that you send a pair request from your phone to Ubuntu, not the other way around.

Once you accept the pair request on the Ubuntu desktop your phone/tablet will appear inside the Status Menu on the Ubuntu desktop:

Not all features of Gsconnect are available at first. You will need to dive in and configure or set-up some of the integrations you want to use manually via the ‘plugins’ page of the KDE Connect Android app and/or the ‘mobile settings’ panel of GSconnect on your desktop.

For instance, to see your mobile device(s) in their own panel menu switch on the ‘indicator’ mode in GSconnect  > Mobile Settings > Preferences.

Here are more in-depth information and guide to install it.

And the good news, this extension is part of Ubuntu, from 19.04 onwards. You can install GSConnect on Ubuntu 19.04 onwards straight from the Ubuntu Software app.
Source: OMG Ubuntu.

If you have problems connecting, this might be helpful: Unable to use KDE Connect or GSconnect in Ubuntu 18.04

And if you have any other issue or feature request, open an issue on the dedicated github page.

If you are using a firewall on ubuntu, you need to open port 1714 to 1764. If using ufw: run

sudo ufw allow 1714:1764/udp
sudo ufw allow 1714:1764/tcp
sudo ufw reload


How do I fix Firefox Broken Firefox Open with?

Does this happen everytime you download a file or is it only from a particular website? I'm able to download a .torrent file, for example, from Fedora Project website and see the option enabled (see image below).

Based on these Mozilla support articles

Adding, removing and editing download actions
Adding download actions

  It can happen if the website's server incorrectly specifies the
  Internet Media type of the file. It also can happen if the server
  assigns "Content-Disposition: attachment" to the file.

I'm using the latest version of Firefox which is 16.0.2 and Deluge on an Ubuntu 12.04 64-bit machine.


Lost Wi-Fi after Ubuntu 12.10 (Precise Pangolin) upgrade

I have the same hardware and had the same problem.

To fix, I downloaded/installed the http://jas.gemnetworks.com/debian/pool/main/w/wireless-bcm43142/wireless-bcm43142-dkms_6.20.55.19-1_amd64.deb .

Open a terminal, copy and paste the following:

wget http://jas.gemnetworks.com/debian/pool/main/w/wireless-bcm43142/wireless-bcm43142-dkms_6.20.55.19-1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i wireless-bcm43142-dkms_6.20.55.19-1_amd64.deb

I found this solution from: Dell Vostro 2420 upgrade to 12.04.1 no wifi

Simply downloading/installing the above deb should work for you as long as you are using Ubuntu 12.10 64bit.

Good luck


You could install imagemagick and use the convert command to reduce the size. I recommend to try it with a copy of the original file.

sudo apt-get imagemagick
cp /usr/share/pixmaps/phython3.3.xpm ~/pictures
Use convert. More information about that are on the imagemagick manual
Copy and rename the original python 3.3.desktop file in usr/share/applications
Change the path to the new icon file with nano
Enjoy you new icon.

Hint. You could convert the file also to png. because there is an xpm-bug in a unity library that mage some huge icons with xpm files.


When will Trusty be available in old-releases?

Trusty is now available on http://old-releases.ubuntu.com.

Ubuntu 14.04 user now will have to switch to old-releases.ubuntu.com to be able install software, perform update etc— though they won't get any further Security/Bug-fix updates from Ubuntu.


HP Pavilion G6 numpad not working in Ubuntu 13.04

Have you tried "mousekeys" option?

That, toggles  which use the NumPad to control the mouse pointer.

Short way: Shift + NumLock

Using settings:

Step 1: Click on System Menu
Step 2: Mouse over on Preferences
Step 3: Click on Keyboard (This brings up the Keyboard preferences window.)
Step 4: Click on the Mouse Keys tab
Step 5: Disable the “Allow to control the pointer using the keyboard” checkbox.
Step 6: Click close and ensure that your Num lock is on.

Source.


How to use merge windows unallocated space into Ubuntu using GParted?

Notice on the lef hand side of the partitions the little "key" icon. That means that the partition is locked and that's why you can't resize it. The reason it's locked is because it's mounted; it's mounted when you boot.

Here's the easiest way to do what you want: boot from a live Ubuntu CD which won't automatically mount the hard drive partitions. When you open parted, you'll notice that the key icons are gone. Good! Now resize the partition.


Permanently mounting a samba-shared-folder on a RPI to my Ubuntu server 18.04

You have a couple of syntax errors there when specifying the network address of the share.

[1] It has to start with double slashes //

[2] And it's //server/share not //server/internal/path/to/shared/folder.

So replace /pi_name/home/user/sambashare with //pi_name/sambashare

And make sure /media/share exists.

And more of a side note: Accessing a host by name ( netbios name ) is kinda flakey so you might want to access it by ip address ( //192.168.0.100/sambashare for example ) or if this is a Linux, MacOS, or Win10 host by it's mDNS name ( //pi_name.local/sambashare )


So is your question "Use the Gnome Main Menu without a panel?" or "I would like to add an icon to open the Gnome Main Menu (Applications, Place, System etc) to docky if possible?" ?

I'll answer the second one. You can't use the GNOME Main Menu in Docky as far as I know, but you can use Cardapio, an alternative to GNOME Main Menu with many useful features. For more about Cardapio, see here.

To use Cardapio with Docky, add the PPA and install Cardapio and the Cardapio Docky Helper:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cardapio-team/unstable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cardapio cardapio-docky

Then enable Cardapio from the Docky helpers list. Now when you click the Docky anchor icon, it should launch Cardapio.

From here.


See first link in @Litizia comment above for the post that helped me solve the problem.

Specific changes to /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf that solved the problem for me are:

under <IfModule mod_php.c>

First:

  change
  php_value include_path .
  to:
  php_value include_path .:/usr/share/php:/usr/share/pear

Second:

  Change
  php_admin_value open_basedir /usr/share/phpmyadmin/:/etc/phpmyadmin/:/var/lib/phpmyadmin/:/usr/share/php/php-gettext/:/usr/share/javascript/
  to:
  php_admin_value open_basedir /usr/share/phpmyadmin/:/etc/phpmyadmin/:/var/lib/phpmyadmin/:/usr/share/php/php-gettext/:/usr/share/javascript/:/usr/share/php:/tmp/


How to completely remove evolution including configuration?

Also, did you clean out your gmail acct, If you didn't Evolution is doing what its suposed to retreiving ALL of you mail.

As an aside, I find that the -purge option doesn't always remove everything. I occassionslly find that I need to manually remove some of the data cache files.
To do so, type in the terminal 'find , as this in some, very few, cases finds cruft that wasn't removed as apt-get  again only in some cases believes thatvypu still want to keep that data for later use.


trying to format a 64GB MicroSDXC card with 4096 bytes per sector

The manual man mkfs.fat suggests the option -S

  -S LOGICAL-SECTOR-SIZE

  Specify the number of bytes per logical sector.  Must be a power of 2
  and greater  than  or equal to 512, i.e. 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384, or 32768.

Before running the command, please double-check, that you will format the correct partition, and not a partition with valuable data.

I hope this will work for you,

if connected via USB

sudo mkfs.fat -S 4096 /dev/sdxn

where x is the drive letter and n is the partition number, or
if connected via PCI

sudo mkfs.fat -S 4096 /dev/mmcblkmpn

where m is the device number (probably 0) and n is the partition number.

You will find how the card is connected via the following commands

sudo lsblk -f
sudo lsblk -m

sudo parted -ls

Check the sector size with for example

sudo fsck.fat -v /dev/sdxn

Some other tools may not show the sector size of the FAT file system. The important thing is that it will work for your application.

Example: I had the following result

$ sudo mkfs.fat -S 4096 /dev/sdd1
mkfs.fat 3.0.28 (2015-05-16)

$ sudo fsck.fat -v /dev/sdd1
fsck.fat 3.0.28 (2015-05-16)
Checking we can access the last sector of the filesystem
Boot sector contents:
System ID "mkfs.fat"
Media byte 0xf8 (hard disk)
      4096 bytes per logical sector
     65536 bytes per cluster
        32 reserved sectors
First FAT starts at byte 131072 (sector 32)
         2 FATs, 32 bit entries
    978944 bytes per FAT (= 239 sectors)
Root directory start at cluster 2 (arbitrary size)
Data area starts at byte 2088960 (sector 510)
    244304 data clusters (16010706944 bytes)
32 sectors/track, 64 heads
      2048 hidden sectors
   3909376 sectors total
Checking for unused clusters.
Checking free cluster summary.
/dev/sdd1: 0 files, 1/244304 clusters


How to configure ubuntu ldap client to get password policies from server?

Make sure you have installed all the libldap related libraries - for eg., libnss-ldap, libpam-ldap, libkrb53. Post that try imposing the policies once again.


Boot delay and mouse lag at login after Ubuntu 12.04 update

apt-get upgrade does not normally upgrade the kernel - you need apt-get dist-upgrade to do that.

First, disable the boot splash/plymouth by editing /etc/default/grub and removing "quiet splash", changing this line to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="". This will better let you see any errors/warnings during the boot process.

In any case, it is simple enough to go back to the previous one and see if the problems go away -- at the grub selection menu, select "Previous Linux Versions" (screenshot 1) and then select the top entry (screenshot 2). Note that the exact kernel names may not be the same for you!


MySQL Workbench and Unmet Dependencies. Solution?

I had the same problem and got around it by downloading a .deb for mysql-workbench directly from the provider. Hopefully this helps someone else...

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/workbench/


The easiest way to compile source code in ubuntu is to use apt-get source, like this:

sudo apt-get build-dep mc
sudo apt-get -b source mc

Replace 'midnightcommander' with the real name of the package. I'm on a Windows machine right now so I can't check what the package is called but it might be 'mc'.

This command will download and build the source code for you plus any dependencies you need. After that you can just change the source code and call make from the root directory of the project to rebuild.


Ampersand &

Special characters: http://uw714doc.sco.com/en/SDK_tools/_Special_Characters.html

  Running a command in background with the ampersand

  Some shell commands take a long time to execute. The ampersand (``&'')
  is used to execute commands in background mode, thus freeing your
  terminal for other tasks. The general format for running a command in
  background mode is

  command &

kstart --help

The kstart has the help:

:~$ kstart --help
Usage: kstart [Qt-options] [KDE-options] [options] command

Utility to launch applications with special window properties
such as iconified, maximized, a certain virtual desktop, a special decoration
and so on.

Generic options:
  --help                    Show help about options
  --help-qt                 Show Qt specific options
  --help-kde                Show KDE specific options
  --help-all                Show all options
  --author                  Show author information
  -v, --version             Show version information
  --license                 Show license information
  --                        End of options

Arguments:
  command                   Command to execute

Options:
  --service <desktopfile>   Alternative to <command>: desktop file to start. D-Bus service will be printed to stdout
  --url <url>               Optional URL to pass <desktopfile>, when using --service
  --window <regexp>         A regular expression matching the window title
  --windowclass <class>     A string matching the window class (WM_CLASS property)
                            The window class can be found out by running
                            'xprop | grep WM_CLASS' and clicking on a window
                            (use either both parts separated by a space or only the right part).
                            NOTE: If you specify neither window title nor window class,
                            then the very first window to appear will be taken;
                            omitting both options is NOT recommended.
  --desktop <number>        Desktop on which to make the window appear
  --currentdesktop          Make the window appear on the desktop that was active
                            when starting the application
  --alldesktops             Make the window appear on all desktops
  --iconify                 Iconify the window
  --maximize                Maximize the window
  --maximize-vertically     Maximize the window vertically
  --maximize-horizontally   Maximize the window horizontally
  --fullscreen              Show window fullscreen
  --type <type>             The window type: Normal, Desktop, Dock, Toolbar,
                            Menu, Dialog, TopMenu or Override
  --activate                Jump to the window even if it is started on a
                            different virtual desktop
  --ontop, --keepabove      Try to keep the window above other windows
  --onbottom, --keepbelow   Try to keep the window below other windows
  --skiptaskbar             The window does not get an entry in the taskbar
  --skippager               The window does not get an entry on the pager

But as noted in the Bug 57575 - Multiple asynchronous "kstart --desktop" place launched apps on random desktops : https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=57575 it should say more clearly that the window/windowclass is not optional if there is more than one window.

This is working at here:

#! /bin/sh
kstart --desktop 1 --windowclass Firefox firefox
kstart --desktop 2 --windowclass Konsole konsole
kstart --desktop 3 --windowclass Kmail kmail


I had this problem too. To solve it I powered off the machine and removed the battery, then turned the laptop back on using the AC supply.

After it had loaded and I had checked that upower was reporting no battery, I powered off again, plugged the battery back in and powered up once more.

This time when I ran upower -d it showed that my battery was back, and charging.

I think the issue is one of the modules that loads the battery information and AC charging not loading correctly. Powering it up without the battery in stops the module from trying to load as it can't detect a battery in it.

When you load it back up, the modules try again and - for me at least - loaded correctly to allow charging again.

Let me know how you get on.


Trouble installing Ubuntu Server 12.04.2 LTS with USB stick/key

After much more trouble I decided to turn my computer in at the hardware shop. Turns out the power supply was just no longer good enough to withstand an installation process. Which was very weird, since I had just used it on a different older system where I installed the same OS.


problem installing ubuntu 13.04 alongside windows 7

Windows 7 might have been shut down in its hibernate mode, or whatever that is called. Check to see if Windows was shut down completely. That is the only "process" I can think of that would interfere with installation.


Getting Boot Error When Booting 13.04 live ISO

I also had problems with unetbootin & startup disk creator. Then I made a bootable USB using dd.

So first plug-in the usb device and run the following command

sudo fdisk -l

This will give you list all the partitions you have. check the partitions carefully. Most probably /dev/sdb is the usb one(if no other usb storage is plugged-in).You should see something like this(if it is a 8 GB pendrive)

Disk /dev/sdb: 8.0 GB,blabla.....

Now to make a bootable usb

sudo dd bs=4M if=/path/to/iso of=/dev/sdb

BE CAREFUL with of option. If you carelessly put something wrong you will be doomed.

If you have windows installed, you can use LiLi


I installed ubuntu from wubi alonside win8 can i get the gnu grub insted of the win8 bootloder

With Wubi you cannot get rid of the Win bootloader.

A Wubi install means Ubuntu is installed inside Windows, so during the boot process the Windows bootloader must be loaded first anyway. Then, it can load Grub, but you cannot load Grub without loading the Win bootloader first.


How to make openJDK automatically update-alternatives?

To make the alternatives system decide what the "best" version is (based on the priority set during installation), run:

sudo update-alternatives --auto java


Can Ubuntu use a flash drive to increase performance like ReadyBoost?

To answer your question, No.  ReadyBoost is a disk cache component of Windows, works by using flash memory, a USB flash drive, as cache, NOT as swap.  Plus too much I/O operations in a flash drive can damage it in a long run.

Nowadays RAM is cheap, so you'd better off using RAM, since USB is slower than RAM.  Or you can use SSD.


How to forget sftp password in Nautilus (none in seahorse)

I did the same thing as you and was also surprised not to find the key in seahorse.
The only way I found to make Nautilus forget the pwd was to close my session. Then nautilus asked me the password again, with the same 3 options, and I selected the 1st one.

Forget the password
Remember until end of session
Remember forever

I think it only stores the password in seahorse when you select the 3rd option.
For the 2nd option, it must store it in a temporary place that I don't know about.
For the 1st option, it doesn't store it at all.


Close windows with middle click in preview pane (SUPER-W)

enable plugin scale addons ( in section utility ). There you can set with which mouse button you can close, pull etc...


When trying To Enter BIOS GNU GRUB Screen Appears

For those that might still stumble on this problem, the solution is:

When you start your PC, hold ESC, or you can hold ESC and then start the PC, doesn't matter.
A menu will appear. From there you can select which device to boot or to go into BIOS.