Set up a file indexer and document retrival search engine for a apache-ubuntu public web server?

Well, a buddy of mine saw my post and and texted that he saw that recoll actually has a web interface and I should look into it. They do and it works and setup isn't too cumbersome. I should note that it is in python and very customizable. This is the procedure for Ubuntu users though it works for just about anything, just follow the instructions on the authers page, links to the source material and instructions for other platforms are at the end of this document. I should note that his documentation is sub par and you may have to piece together a final solution like I did:

First install the repo and software;

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:recoll-backports/recoll-1.15-on
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y recoll python-recoll

Install mod-wsgi

sudo apt-get install -y libapache2-mod-wsgi

I strongly recommend you already have apache2 already set up or you can get fully qualified domain name and ip address errors. setting the servername to the local ip address of the server should fix this.

Get the github repository for the recoll webui:

https://github.com/koniu/recoll-webui

Simply click the 'clone or download button' to download the archive.
Extract it to your /var/www directory
It should create the folder 'recoll-webui-master'

Double check the it didn't double down on the directories:

Go to /var/www/recoll-webui-master and make sure the files are there and not further in a sub-directory or you will get errors.

Next edit the file;

/etc/apache2/mods-enabled/wsgi.conf

add the following at the end of the "IfModule" section but not after .

  WSGIDaemonProcess recoll user=dockes group=dockes \
      threads=1 processes=5 display-name=%{GROUP} \
      python-path=/var/www/recoll-webui-master
  WSGIScriptAlias /recoll /var/www/recoll-webui-master/webui-wsgi.py

          WSGIProcessGroup recoll
          Order allow,deny
          allow from all

I dont know if the formatting change posting here effects the functionality, if it does refer to the authors documentation for the original formatting.

Change the user and group (dockes in the example) taking care that he is the one who owns the index (.recoll is in his home directory).

make sure ~/.recoll has the owner name and read write permissions of the account being used on the server with read only permissions for everyone else or you will get error 500 internal server error. Do not use 'root'!

  Note
      the Recoll WebUI application is mostly single-threaded, so it is of little use (and may actually be counter-productive in some cases) to specify multiple threads on the WSGIDaemonProcess line. Specify multiple processes instead to put multiple CPUs to work on simultaneous requests.

Then run the following to restart Apache:

sudo apachectl restart

  Note
      Take care that you need a / at the end of the URL used to access the search (use: http://my.server.com/recoll/, not http://my.server.com/recoll), else files other than the script itself are not found (the page looks weird and the search does not work).

Once you have this all set up you need to run recoll and index the desired folders which apparently can be any folder in your system so be careful not to index folders you do not want exposed.

Also to view the files over a network your going to have to make a setting change.

Sources:

https://www.lesbonscomptes.com/recoll/download.html

https://www.lesbonscomptes.com/recoll/pages/recoll-webui-install-wsgi.html

https://github.com/koniu/recoll-webui

I hope this helps! Its not 100% what I need but its close and will work fine till I get the time to modify the code to suit the modest changes I want.


Old Dell Inspiron 531 w/ XP. Can I run 14.04?

You should have no performance problems with such a system to run Ubuntu.

  Ubuntu Desktop 11.04 and up uses Unity as the default GUI while the
  previous releases used GNOME Panel by default. In order to run Unity
  the system needs a more capable graphics adapter – see more here or
  below:

  1000 ΜHz processor (about Intel Celeron or better)
  1024 MiB RAM (system memory)
  3D Acceleration Capable Videocard with at least 256 MB

  From experience, we all know that it is recommended to have 2048 MiB
  RAM to properly run a day to day Ubuntu.

  A good start should be with minimum 1024 and recommended 2048 MiB RAM.

Soucre: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/SystemRequirements


Based on your mail.cf your mail server user dovecot, ssl, private cert ...

Maybe is good solution to start from beginning with manual you have or with new.

I don't known what you wish/need.

For the first aid try to run

sudo dpkg-reconfigure postfix

and fallow wizard

1) Choose 'Internet with smarthost' (recommended) to use another mail server for relaying mail

2) Enter system mail name (mail.your_domain.com)

3) Enter SMTP relay host (your_isp_smtp_server.com)

4) Root and postmaster mail recipient (user@domail.com)

5) Other destinations to accept mail for (mail.your_domain.com, localhost.foo.tld, localhost)

6) Force synchronous updates on mail queue (No)

7) Local networks (127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128)

9) Mailbox size limit (bytes) (0)

10) Local address extension character (+)

11) Internet protocols to use (ipv4 is the safe choice)

Try.


As found by Jorge Castro, the problem is related to the synch rate of VMWare Tools. The synch rate is set to false by default in the settings.

It can be solved by setting :

tools.syncTime = true

in the VMNAME.vmx file.

You can also set numeric values in second for specific rate. The value true defaults to the numeric value 60 (or one minute).

See this Stack Overflow question for more information.


Apache reverse proxy couchpotato, nzbget, and sonarr, alternate http and https port

There's not a second 'official' SSL port. 443 is the universal standard.

That said, you can send encrypted data from any port, so long as the application using said port, is sending encrypted data.

Try changing the reverse proxy to use a different port (one not commonly used, such as 8991) and then forward the new Port number.

Also good reference for seeing commonly used ports: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers

Apache reference for  SSL setup:
https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/ssl/ssl_howto.html


Can log in but get thrown out immediately

Not sure why but the computer is now booting to a different HD first. This HD had an out of date GRUB version. After running update-grub it is booting correctly.
NB You might need to try sudo update-grub depending on permissions.


You're missing some of dig options do to a reverse dns request.

As specified in the manpage of dig the -x allows you to use reverse lookups.

This will do the job:

dig -x 192.168.0.104 should display rameez-ubuntu

You can also use host 192.168.0.104 to get the same result.

May are you missing some configuration of DNSMasq.
As specified in the manpage of dnsmasq option
--auth-zone=<domain>[,<subnet>[/<prefix length>] allows to :

  Define a DNS zone for which dnsmasq acts as authoritative server.
  Locally defined DNS records which are in the domain will be served. If
  subnet(s) are given, A and AAAA records must be in one of the
  specified subnets.

  As alternative to directly specifying the subnets, it's possible to
  give the name of an interface, in which case the subnets implied by
  that interface's configured addresses and netmask/prefix-length are
  used; this is useful when using constructed DHCP ranges as the actual
  address is dynamic and not known when configuring dnsmasq. The
  interface addresses may be confined to only IPv6 addresses using
  /6 or to only IPv4 using /4. This is useful when
  an interface has dynamically determined global IPv6 addresses which
  should appear in the zone, but RFC1918 IPv4 addresses which should
  not. Interface-name and address-literal subnet specifications may be
  used freely in the same --auth-zone declaration.

  It's possible to exclude certain IP addresses from responses. It can
  be used, to make sure that answers contain only global routeable IP
  addresses (by excluding loopback, RFC1918 and ULA addresses).

  The subnet(s) are also used to define in-addr.arpa and ip6.arpa
  domains which are served for reverse-DNS queries. If not specified,
  the prefix length defaults to 24 for IPv4 and 64 for IPv6. For IPv4
  subnets, the prefix length should be have the value 8, 16 or 24 unless
  you are familiar with RFC 2317 and have arranged the in-addr.arpa
  delegation accordingly. Note that if no subnets are specified, then no
  reverse queries are answered.


How can i install Skype without ia32-libs?

You could unpack the 32bit libraries manually into some directory where SecondLife doesn't find them, and then use LD_LIBRARY_PATH to hopefully let skype find them. Try it on the console, and if it works, create some wrapper script which executes skype with a suitable environment.

As I don't usually use graphical package managers, I'm not sure which of the following approaches is better suited:

Using a package manager:

Install ia32-libs-multiarch with all its dependencies
Copy the content of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/ to /usr/my32bit
Use the package manager to remove the packages installed above. This might be the tricky part, due to the large number of auto-selected dependencies.

Manual unpacking

Look at the ia32-libs-multiarch package description page
Follow each link to each dependency
Click on the architecture i386 to download a .deb file for it
mkdir xDir, a new directory to unpack stuff
Unpack each using dpkg-deb -x foo.deb xDir
Copy xDir/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/ to /usr/my32bit

In either case, you should end up with those libraries copied to /usr/my32bit. You will have to manually install skype as well, unless you find a way to circumwent the dependency check during installation. The steps from the second approach above will wokr there, too. You might need to install it to its proper locations, so that skype itself will find all its components. So instead of xDir you would have to specify /. I'll take no guarantees if that should mess up your system, so perhaps you should install into a safe directory first, to see what gets installed and if that will overwrite anything. Then you could execute

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/my32bit skype

If that works, you can create a file /usr/local/skype to contain this:

#!/bin/sh
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/my32bit
exec /usr/bin/skype

Make that script executable using chmod +x /usr/local/skype. If your desktop icons fail to execute that script, they might contain an absolute path. Edit any .desktop file included in the skype .deb package, and adjust its path to the local one. Or rename /usr/bin/skype to /usr/bin/skype.real, place the script in the original location and have it call the real binary.


Npm errors when installing packages on windows share

Running with --no-bin-links fixed it for me:

npm install --no-bin-links

--no-bin-links tells npm to not create any symbolic links. There isn't a way (to my knowledge) of translating symlinks to a Windows share.


Using a backup disk made in Windows Vista to reinstall programs an files in Ubuntu

You can copy your data to a USB Flash Drive, USB hard disk,or to CD/DVD, then copy to Ubuntu.

Or, see this article: How to Migrate from Windows to Ubuntu

  When migrating from Windows to Ubuntu, there are a few things you
  might need to reflect over, like how to cope the new system, the new
  interface, and how to adapt to Ubuntu in general, and of course, how
  to transfer your personal files over to the new OS. The article shows
  you how.

Source: http://www.wikihow.com/Migrate-from-Windows-to-Ubuntu


Some icons in Gnome applications are very large

Finally figured it out. The problem was, in the icon theme's index.theme file, all of the scalable icons were set to have a minimum size of 257 px. Therefore, that was the smallest they could get. If you are experiencing this problem and want to fix it, this is where you would change the minimum size:

[scalable/emblems]
Size=331
Context=Emblems
Type=Scalable
MinSize=257
MaxSize=512

[scalable/mimetypes]
Size=331
Context=MimeTypes
Type=Scalable
MinSize=257
MaxSize=512

[scalable/places]
Size=331
Context=Places
Type=Scalable
MinSize=257
MaxSize=512

[scalable/status]
Size=331
Context=Status
Type=Scalable
MinSize=257
MaxSize=512

Simply change all the MinSize lines that are under a scalable entry to equal 8. Save and reload your icon theme and you're good to go!


The easiest way I can think of is to use Google Drive. The best GDrive client I've found for Ubuntu is Insync. Just log in, set up your syncronized files and/or folders, and everything works like a charm.

https://www.insynchq.com/

It is a $20 one-time, but you get a free 15-day trial, so it's plenty of time to see if it works for you.


Sometimes the GUI methods of upgrading your packages don't always work. When they don't work, you can use apt-get on the command line to upgrade your system's packages:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


Are there any webcam finger tracking projects?

It's been a while since I looked at this stuff so I'm not comfortable recommending anything specific, however I seem to remember there being quite a number of available implementations based on OpenCV's CascadeClassifiers.

I am not aware of any pre-trained classifiers for fingers specifically: faces and vehicles are much more common targets.


How to move the window control buttons in 18.04

You can use GNOME Tweak Tool.

Install it by running

sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool

in the terminal. Or search for it in Ubuntu Software by typing gnome tweaks.

Go to Windows and look under Titlebar Buttons


How to listen to radio flash, a media player?

You need flash player to play. You might have flash but the current version of flash (flash 11) have various issues. You need to downgrade flash to a previous verion.

Here is what you can do: (Im assuming you have flash 11 and firefox 14.0.1):

Download this file : http://www.ziddu.com/download/20225702/libflashplayer.zip.html

Create a folder "plugins" under "/home/YOUR-USER-NAME/.mozilla/firefox/"

Like this:  /home/leopard/.mozilla/firefox/plugins

Extract the zip and copy the downloaded "libflashplayer.so" to "/home/leopard/.mozilla/firefox/plugins"

Open nautilus as Admin. Go to "/usr/lib/adobe-flashplugin". Delete the "libflashplayer.so" there.

Copy the extracted "libflashplayer.so" there.

Restart firefox.


The daily build PPA will continue to built and ship Unity daily builds. So while you will get your fix, you'll also get more updates over time, some of which might fix things, but might not be caught by QA.

In your case I would enable the PPA, do an upgrade, then turn off/remove the PPA and then when the updates catch up in the normal channel you'll be good to go moving forward.


To minimize Thunderbird in Cinnamon, use following bash script:

until test $THUNDERWIN; do
   sleep 1
   THUNDERWIN=`xdotool search --name ".*- Mozilla Thunderbird$"|head -n 1`
  done
  xdotool windowfocus --sync $THUNDERWIN
  xdotool key Ctrl+Super+m

You need to set Ctrl+Super+M as a "Minimize" shortcut in System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts -> Windows


How to install Firefox 32-bit ESR 52 without uninstalling Firefox 64-bit on 16.04

Please try this workaround. For me, the plugins like Java and VLC came back after doing this. I'm using Ubuntu 16.04 64 bit with Mozilla Firefox 64 bit version 52 (not ESR) and Java JDK 1.8.0_112

Open Firefox and type about:config in address bar and press enter
Click 'I accept the risk!'
Right click anywhere and select New>Boolean
Type plugin.load_flash_only in the box that appears
Set the value to false
Clear all history and restart Firefox

I'm also using various Government websites which uses java plugin and Digital Signatures.

Try this and let me know.

Edit: Mozilla Firefox 53 will remove the flag plugin.load_flash_only so that this workaround won't work anymore.

Pale Moon web browser team announced that they will continue the support of NPAPI plugins indefinitely. To install java plugin in Pale Moon, run this in terminal

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/java/jdk1.8.0_121/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libnpjp2.so

I've tested java plugin in Pale Moon browser. 100% working.


USB stick bad superblock. Works absolutely fine in Windows

You're applying the command e2fsck, which operates on an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem, to a FAT32 filesystem. Unsurprisingly, e2fsck complains that it doesn't find a valid ext[234] filesystem.

If you want to check that filesystem, run fsck (which will determine the proper utility for the filesystem on that device) or invoke the proper utility directly (fsck.vfat).

If you still get a mount error, copy-paste the error message. Note that Linux's filesystem driver is sometimes more picky about damaged media than Windows's. If you think the stick might be damaged, copy the data off it with ddrescue :

sudo ddrescue /dev/sda1 /var/tmp/sda1

You can then mount the files in the image with

sudo mount -o loop,ro,umask=022 /var/tmp/sda1 /mnt

By the way, is /dev/sda really your stick? Usually /dev/sda is the first internal disk.


You accidentally enabled a Hotcorner. It's very easy to disable this. Just a few clicks, in fact.Open your terminal and type in sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool. Once it installs, open it and click on 'Hotcorners', under the Window Manger section. Make sure all of the hotcorners are disabled.


file is visible on my desktop but not via the ls command

A reboot or a logout is not necessary.

In terminal type nautilus -q. Then quit terminal. Then click the Files icon in the launcher to bring back Nautilus... and your mysterious desktop icons should be gone.


I dont think it is that command that makes your machine slow - grub-probe just probes for simple information values of a disk or partition.

You can dig deeper into what is going on by knowing who called it when you see it in the process list. Do a

ps auxf

to get a tree'ish output and find the parent process to grub-probe.

You can also check your etc directory for any calls to that program

sudo find /etc -type f -exec grep grub-probe {} \;

This should give you a list of files that have the string grub-probe in it. Looking into the file and where it is used may give you the answer.


Unity and Ubuntu-desktop disappeared and I am unable to reinstall it!

Try these commands:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get build-dep ubuntu-desktop

This should re-install the Ubuntu desktop and build the dependencies.

Hope this helps.


Updates to Ubuntu phone outside of the EU area

Updates are over the Internet connection. So, WiFi or mobile Internet will do.

It's similar to how Ubuntu-for-desktop is updated.


Is "grive" available for Ubuntu 16.04 or has any new applications appeared for managing G drive files?

InSync works like a charm, only it's 25$ a year. A couple of days ago it was 24h lifetime free licence. This may come again:

Download it here: https://www.insynchq.com/downloads

Install the deb. package.

To update your local file manager with Insync integration, use one of the following:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install insync-nautilus
sudo apt install insync-nemo
sudo apt install insync-caja
sudo apt install insync-thunar
sudo apt install insync-dolphin

If you are using Ubuntu 16.04 (64bit) and Insync doesn't start then run this command to fix it:

Terminal Commands:

sudo mv /usr/lib/insync/libfontconfig.so.1 /usr/lib/insync/libfontconfig.so.1.old


when my ethernet cable is plugged in xbmc hangs on the start up screen

In case we move an installation of Ubuntu or xbmx to another network we need to clear/update all references made to network devices.

These may be in different locations, and they may be adressed differently (e.g. UPnP shares, Samba shares, other network shares). For xbmc look in the music and video library references, and in general services/settings.

For Ubuntu we also may have a refence to a network share in the file /etc/fstab, which should then be removed.


I need help with Grep to start at a section

AWK
Use AWK - that's the simplest as it can get:

awk '/yellow/,0' textfile.txt

Sample run

$ awk '/yellow/,0' textfile.txt
yellow
red
orange
more orange
more blue
this is enough

Grep

You could also use grep with --after-context option, to print certain amount of lines after the match

grep 'yellow' --after-context=999999  textfile.txt

For automatic setting of context, you could use $(wc -l textfile.txt) . The basic idea is that if you have a very first line as a match and you want to print everything after that match, you will need to know the number of lines in file minus 1. Luckly, --after-context won't throw errors about the number of lines, so you could give it number completely out of range, but in case you don't know it, total number of lines will do

$ grep 'yellow' --after-context=$(wc -l < textfile.txt) textfile.txt
yellow
red
orange
more orange
more blue
this is enough

If you want to shorten the command --after-context is the same option as -A and $(wc -l textfile.txt), will expand to number of lines followed by file name. So that way you type textfile.txt only once

grep "yellow" -A $(wc -l textfile.txt)

Python

skolodya@ubuntu:$ ./printAfter.py textfile.txt
yellow
red
orange
more orange
more blue
this is enough

DIR:/xieerqi
skolodya@ubuntu:$ cat ./printAfter.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys

printable=False
with open(sys.argv[1]) as f:
     for line in f:
        if "yellow" in line:
           printable=True
        if printable:
           print line.rstrip('\n')

Or alternatively without printable flag

#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys

with open(sys.argv[1]) as f:
     for line in f:
        if "yellow" in line:
          for lines in f: # will print remaining lines
             print lines.rstrip('\n')
          exit()


Unable to install anything, filename too short

You could try deleting the .list file in the dpkg info directory:

sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/libwebkitgtk-3.0-0:amd64.list


Why /var/log/auth.log is using diffrent timezone?

OK, I found it. I restarted the rsyslog service (service rsyslog restart) and the time in auth.log is correct again.


Configure tab-switch hotkey in gnome-terminal

It's a known bug, tracked upstream at https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gtk/issues/2174. As stated there, disabling header bar or disabling mnemonics are possible workarounds.


I lost power during an upgrade to Ubuntu 16

Yes a clean install would work here and nicely since you properly backed everything up. Although additoinal programs might not be backed up so you might need to install other packages you installed after installatoin.  I would need more than the vague discription of orphaned to try and rescue that system.


Ubuntu 15.04/kernel 4.0.1, tpm error (7) occured

Over been having a similar problem. I found out that Linux and ubuntu sometimes forget to re-install the cpu. Try...

sudo apt-get install cpu

It helped my laptop after I figured that out. Additionally you should   uninstall any kernels that you aren't using


How to get a list of all pending security updates?

If you are just looking to do this quickly once, instead of creating a separate repository and scripting up some automation and all that. Great if you aren't supposed to be making changes while auditing a system or whatever.

These two commands will spit out the list. Pipe to wc -l to see how many are behind. ;-)

grep security /etc/apt/sources.list > /tmp/security.list
sudo apt-get upgrade -oDir::Etc::Sourcelist=/tmp/security.list -oDir::Etc::SourceParts=/some/valid/dir/false -s

Still valid for older distros or if you have update repos off, but security on:

sudo apt-get upgrade -s| grep ^Inst |grep Security


How to get constant information about my battery?

/proc/acpi/battery is now /sys/class/power_supply/ (source: where did /proc/acpi/battery/BAT0/XXX go in 12.10?) which contains the capacity in Wh in [BAT identifier]/capacity.


Is it possible to make clipboard work always the same?

In X you just have to mark the text you want to have copied and use the middle mouse button to paste it wherever you want.


How do I replace Windows XP with Lubuntu?

1) Download the lubuntu .iso from http://lubuntu.net/. Choose 'x86 CD' if you have an older computer, and 64-bit only if you have a newer computer with 4gigs of RAM or more.

2) When its downloaded, right click on the .iso file, and chose to burn it to disc. If there is no option to do this, search for 'iso burning windows XP'

3) Leave the disc in after burning, and restart your machine. To boot from the disc, there is normally a key combination you'll need to do (like hold the 'escape' button). Again, you can search for this dependent on your computer.

4) Follow installation instructions and you're away. You'll find it amazingly fast compared to XP


Are you using Ubuntu 32-bit or 64-bit? Cause using 64-bit version will experience some performance issues with less then 2GB of ram.


As you have already installed the necessary packages via

sudo apt-get install libfreerdp-cache1.1 libfreerdp-codec1.1 libfreerdp-gdi1.1 libfreerdp-rail1.1 libfreerdp-utils1.1 python-apport freerdp-x11

You can install the winconn package with a quick hack

cd; wget https://launchpad.net/~realender/+archive/ubuntu/winconn/+files/winconn_0.2.14-1_all.deb
mkdir deb$$
cp winconn_0.2.14-1_all.deb deb$$
cd deb$$
dpkg-deb -x winconn_0.2.14-1_all.deb deb
cd deb
dpkg-deb -e ../winconn_0.2.14-1_all.deb
perl -i -pe 's/libfreerdp1,//g' DEBIAN/control
cd ..
sudo dpkg-deb -b deb
sudo dpkg -i deb.deb
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo dpkg -i deb.deb

And here is a screenshot with winconn in Vivid


You used -l, which is the opposite of what you want. From man grep:

-l, --files-with-matches
      Suppress normal output; instead print the  name  of  each  input
      file  from  which  output would normally have been printed.  The
      scanning will stop on the first  match.   (-l  is  specified  by
      POSIX.)

What you want is -H:

-H, --with-filename
      Print the file name for each match.  This is  the  default  when
      there is more than one file to search.

But that's the default anyway. Just do:

grep -Er 'apple|banana|watermelon' .

(The -E tells grep to act like egrep.)


Dovecot error accessing /tmp/ on 14.04 server

Can you paste the permissions: ls -ld /tmp. Also if there is enough space: df -h /tmp. Then also check if you find any entries in /var/log/kern.log around similar time.

Edit: the issue turned out that the permissions of /tmp were somehow messed up. Correcting with sudo chmod 1777 /tmp seems to have fixed the issue.


How do I make sure my partition returned to my primary OS after uninstalling Ubuntu

Wubi does not create actual partitions, so the space is still usable by your filesystem. You could run a Windows disk check to be sure, and also make sure Ubuntu is not in the list of installed programs.


Monitor visited websites of guest account through any browser

I think your intention is clear here: log URLs of websites visited by anyone using any application as the guest user.

Suggesting iptables logging to achieve this task isn't correct. iptables (without some obscure, performance-limiting extensions) works on the IP protocol, not on the application level.

I've also seen suggestions in the URLs suggested as comments - responders suggested only capturing packets with SYN flags (new connections). That too, results from a misunderstanding described above.

The way to achieve what you want is:

Install a web proxy (preferably lightweight, such as tinyproxy).
Add iptables rules that redirect outgoing connections made by only a specific user to ports 80,443/tcp to the local proxy.

What I had in mind is described here (not my post). This way you get a web proxy log which has all the HTTP requests logged. You won't get logs related to SSL protected traffic though, which is a good thing.

To reiterate: URLs are not part of the IP or TCP header structure, thus something working on the IP/TCP level isn't going to be able to show you this data, unless it has some TCP dissector (tcpdump/wireshark are able to do this but not iptables alone).


Hardware support on amd's ryzen based models

Ryzen compatibility with Ubuntu is pretty good, but check the Ryzen CPU's specifications before buying a Ryzen processor. Some Ryzen processors have no integrated graphics, so they can't run Ubuntu unless there is an additional discrete graphics processor installed.


Unable to log into Facebook page on Ubuntu

I guess you are using an "anonymous" account to maintain the community page? The one that was once possible to create automatically when you did create a page on Facebook? (it's no more possible since several years)
Facebook did not fully support those accounts since some time and recently messed up something with them pretty badly. It's impossible to login from any recent browser, be it Linux or Windows, Firefox or Chrome (technically, you are logged in, but once logged in, no page on Facebook works - that's why it starts to work again when you clear the cookies, because by clearing the cookies you log out). Personal accounts work OK.
It's neither an Ubuntu nor Firefox issue. It's a Facebook issue. Unless you have an additional admin on your community page, you're probably out of luck... :( Or you can try on some computer with older browser, maybe it will work...


custom iso, error rebuilding initrd (mkinitramfs)

If you don't specify a kernel version, then it defaults to the version you are currently running.  Since your system has been updated since the iso was built, you are running a newer kernel version that is not present in the chroot, so it can't find it.  Take a look at what version is installed ( ls /boot ) and specify that like mkinitramfs -o /initrd.gz 3.13.0-20.


The issue may be with /etc/apache2/conf.d/javascript-common.conf file. Just change the alias in this line Alias /javascript /usr/share/javascript/

I had a issue that not able to load javascript folder in ubuntu for my local projects. I changed the alias name, it worked for me.


I guess this link will answer your question.
Still you are not clear about your question.

  Do you want to run android application in your Ubuntu PC?

If yes, then you have to compile application for x86 to run on your PC instead of cross compiling it for android device.
And about compiling application without SDK you can use NDK by writing android makefile.


Why don't my Broadcom modules automatically load?

The module is present on your OS (seeing as how modprobe loads it), but it appears to not load on boot, could be due to an upgrade or something like that.

Either way, first check if the specific module is blacklisted in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist, if so, comment out the line containing it (just add a # at the beginning of it).

If it's not blacklisted and still fails to load on boot, add the module to /etc/modules


Ubuntu 14.04 - takes ages to connect to wifi

You can try use Wifi Radar. Download here


Can I use a list of packages in a variable in a bash script?

Turns out my issue was making this file on a Windows machine, and moving it over to Linux without first converting it!

Worked as expected after installing dos2unix and using it to convert my .sh file!


I would imagine that you have "Wipe free space" set. This will overwrite all the free space on the hard drive to prevent recovery of previous files, and then delete what it has created


Team-viewer is available for Ubuntu.

32-bit version.

64-bit version

There are some alternatives too.

RDP

VNC

You can also try ScreenConnect


How to use a usb hotspot as a usb internet modem for ubuntu

Hot spots are usually working like wireless access points so I think it should work. Just connect to wifi network which is configured on hotspot. Configuration of hotspot is possible through wifi or USB. Check this link as well.


Where do applications typically store data?

From the examples you have provided, I take it that you mean application data specific to a certain user's configuration, usage or the data owned by the user (e.g., mail messages, templates, themes). In this case, these data are stored in the user's home directory as "dot-files" or inside an application-specific "dot-directory".
Quoting from the Unix file-system hierarchy standard:

/home : User home directories (optional)
Purpose
/home is a fairly standard concept, but it is clearly a site-specific filesystem. The setup will differ from host to host. Therefore, no program should rely on this location.
Requirements
User specific configuration files for applications are stored in the user's home directory in a file that starts with the '.' character (a "dot file"). If an application needs to create more than one dot file then they should be placed in a subdirectory with a name starting with a '.' character, (a "dot directory"). In this case the configuration files should not start with the '.' character.

The linux file-system hierarchy standard also states almost the same thing.
For example, the user's configuration for the vim editor is stored in .vimrc inside the home directory, the firefox profile (containing among other things the users bookmarks and history information) is stored in a separate directory  within the user's home-directory (~/.mozilla/firefox/<randomstring>.default)
Typically all applications will store information about user initiated sessions, passwords etc within the user's home directory in such "dot-files/ directories".
So (extrapolating a bit), if you want just enough encryption that user-specific data is protected, then home directory encryption alone would suffice.
Having said that, it is possible, like with all things linux, to customize and override the default location and choose to store these application specific user-data elsewhere. However, in Ubuntu, that needs to be explicitly done by the user.


Minimum USB requirement for persistent live USB stick

Minimum requirements for the size of the USB flash drive are 4GB for Ubuntu 18.04 and later. Minimum requirements for the size of the USB flash drive are 2GB for Ubuntu and 4GB for Kali Linux (regular). A USB 3.0 drive will be faster than a USB 2.0 drive, but still much slower and less stable than running either OS in a virtual machine application like VirtualBox if you allocate at least 2GB RAM to the guest OS.

If you already have access to a running instance of Ubuntu, the Startup Disk Creator application that is built-in in Ubuntu is the best application to use for making a persistent Ubuntu live USB (however the persistent storage feature no longer exists in Startup Disk Creator in Ubuntu 16.04 and later). It seems to boot successfully on more different machines than if other alternative applications are used for making the Ubuntu live USB. Keep this in mind if you run into problems booting the Ubuntu live USB that you made using some other app.

If you are using Ubuntu 16.04 or later, you should also read sudodus's comment below this answer.


docker exec is used to spawn a process inside an already running container. I guess the command you are looking for is docker start.


The reason the kernel panics occured is to be found here:

 [raring] BCM4313 -- bcmwl triggers panics with 3.7 and 3.8 kernels

The kernel panic problem got fixed by installing the firmware-b43-installer.


CAD (Photoshop, SketchUp, Corel) apps on Ubuntu?

Those applications will not run under Ubuntu. You might try with wine, but do not expect all software running smoothly.

On the other hand, you can try free linux software for CAD and graphics. You can also check out this directory of CAD linux software.

Check some of the alternatives or recommendations given, for example, in the following Q&A: How to get Autocad working with Wine?, What good CAD programs are available?, Is there any Ubuntu 12.04-compatible, open-source 3D modeling software capable of creating a 2D cross-section?.

You can find (probably a lot) more if you do a simple search in AskUbuntu.


If you really want to disable all logging:

Type sudo stop rsyslog to stop the log daemon.
Create a file called /etc/init/rsyslog.override with a single line manual to stop the log daemon being automatically started at boot. You can do this with the following command:

echo manual|sudo tee --append /etc/init/rsyslog.override

If you ever want to undo this:

Type sudo start rsyslog to start the log daemon.
Delete the override file you created before, so that the log daemon is again started at boot. The command sudo rm -f /etc/init/rsyslog.override will do this for you.


How can I associate .doc files to MS Word 2010 using the same .desktop file as launcher?

Whether Word is suitable for DnD I don't know for sure, don't have. Anyway I'm pretty sure you can't have it both ways in the unity launcher with wine programs. The addon to the command to enable DnD doesn't make for the best launch command, ie. your program will be looking for the file to open.

What works a lot of the time is to add Z:%f to the end of the Exec= command, so using yours

Exec=env WINEPREFIX="/home/nastys/.mso2010" wine "C:/Program Files/Microsoft Office/Office14/WINWORD.exe" Z:%f

I don't think the d. quotes on your wine command are an issue here with DnD, if so then use \\\\ for folders, & \\ for spaces, like  -

Exec=env WINEPREFIX="/home/nastys/.mso2010" wine C:\\\\Program\\ Files\\\\Microsoft\\ Office\\\\Office14\\\\WINWORD.exe Z:%f

This could give you DnD on the icon but produce complaining/error as a launcher. Not much to do there.
What you could do if the DnD works is just use the icon for DnD, (don't left click on) & then add a quicklist to your .desktop to  launch Word itself when desired.

I do use the Z:%f on other progs for Dnd & tested here with notepad where it worked fine.


This happens for me as well with my HP ZBook Studio G3 and I am on Windows 10. Usually it is a static hiss, but today it was a loud beeping noise.

Guess it is something with the startup and not related to Ubuntu.


Left touchpad button doesn't work on an eee pc 900

See : http://www.fixya.com/support/t8657960-left_touchpad_button_not_working

Basically it says to:

  If you have an external mouse, try to insert that on your laptop.

All the rest from the link is Windows specific, but you can now attempt to change settings for your touch-pad.


There is a write permission error. Try to

 chmod -R 777 ~/.matlab

If it throws errors, try with sudo.


How to convince friends using Windows and Mac to switch to Ubuntu

Linux doesn't degrade with the time even if you install / uninstall a lot of software as Windows does

You can move the installed OS from machine to machine with little or none issues even with different chipsets/motherboards

When update your OS, you also update your apps.

You can use your hardware longer due to less system requirements

You can customize the system better

You can choose from different Desktop environments (Windows an Mac user don't know even what this means)

You can trust software more than "cool programs" downloaded from "a cool site"

You get features others try to achieve with 3rd party software with different success (compiz, multilevel clipboard, virtual desktops)

You easily can run services on your workstation to act as a server an vice versa

If you don't like a particular Linux Distro, you can pick another one

You can develop your own distro (from scratch or based on someone's else)


Lightdm freezes on startup if wait for GRUB

info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration' on ubuntu 15.10 says:

'GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET'
         In conjunction with 'GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT', set this to 'true' ...
         deprecated in favour of the less confusing 'GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=countdown'.


I've installed 10.10 Netbook addition without any modifications on my Lenovo S10e and it works fine.  I didn't do the modification you mentioned and chose not to do updates during the install.

I did my installalation from a 10.10 Netbook USB stick, and I would try it again with out any mods.


My computer with AMD graphics shows gradients with consecutive rows of colors as a single color, instead of smoothly changing. How can I fix this?

Which driver are you using? The ATI one from the ubuntu repo, the ATI one from the website, or the open source radeon driver?


Address bar in Firefox automatically redirects to google search

For the Address Bar

Type about:config in you search bar as below

You'll then have a humourous notification box come up in the middle of the browser telling you the following:

  What you'll be agreeing to is that you'll be able to modify values of certain Firefox variables which change the overall user experience (so I strongly recommend you don't modify anything you don't need/know about).

Once you've clicked on "I'll be careful, I promise" the following search bar and list will come up:

Within the searchbar look up keyword and you should have the entries in the screenshot below

Lastly right click on keyword.url and click Modify and change it to whatever search engine you want, the example I've given here is DuckDuckGo (replace DuckDuckGo  with any other search engine of your choice):

For those interested/wondering the ?q= at the end of the URL you post (as far as I know) is just how search engines determine the query required to be sent to the search engine.

For the search bar on the right

Just click on the triangle to the left and a drop down list will give you a choice of what search engine to use.

If your search engine isn't already there you will need to add it manually by clicking on the Manage Search Engines option at the bottom of that list of search engines and it will open up the following window:

Once there you simply click the Get more search engines... URL in orange and you can choose from a wide list which sites to add to your list so you can have them in your right toolbar at the ready.

Hope this answers your question.

Edit: I recommend users have a look at Dan's answer below, not exactly what was asked but still a very useful feature, well worth a read.


You can try retrieving this hidden folder with the Terminal.
A lot of people aren't aware that the Trash folder is actually located in their home folder.But we know,so we simply navigate there using cd:

cd ~/.local/share/Trash/files

Now we list the content of this directory with ls -la
You should now be able to see the contents of your Trash folder,including your lost hidden folder.With the next line, we copy this folder to ~/Save

cp .<hiddenfolder_name> ~/Save/

Note that "~" is like a shortcut to your home directory,it's in fact the same as /home/<user>/

Now on the problem that the Trash folder only shows up when your data drive is mounted:
I suspect that the data drive contains your /home/ folder, and seeing as the Trash folder is located in your home, it is not visible until your home folder is mounted.
The location of the Trash folder may vary on the huge variety of distros,you may have to look it up for your distro in case the one I named doesn't work for you.From the question itself I can't really tell wether your home folder is on the data drive, so if this isn't the case it would propably help to solve your problem if you could provide this info.    I hope this helps you retriveing your hidden folder...May the force be with you!


found the answer here https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2345858

putting this into the terminal sorted it out

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.touchpad natural-scroll false


EXT4/fd (sda1): previous I/O error to superblock detected

For an unknown reason the file system has been scrambled.
The recovery was possible, but some data has been lost.

With a little bit luck you can find some fragments of your lost files in the lost+found directory of the sda1 partition.

This is the time you should:

Restore a backup to a different location (partition). I suggest to use also a different hard disk.
Compare backup and recovered data.
Identify recovered data which is newer as the same content in your backup and not scrambled. Add this data to your restored data.
Replace sda1 with the restored partition.

If you doesn't have a backup, then this is maybe the last chance to create on of the recovered data.

Advice

But before further productive usage of the sda drive, you should ensure the integrity of the drive.
For this task have a look at the commands smartctl and badblocks.

Please read the ubuntu community documentation for smartmontools carefully.

Note

If the partition doesn't contain important data, e.g. only the ubuntu system I suggest do reinstall the system.
But before I would also do a backup (at least the /etc/ directories).


Intel Corporation 82579LM ubuntu 12.04 connection drops every 5 minutes

I think you have to edit your Connection, configure different methods for authentication under connections & yeah see that you have updated & latest version drivers running.


How can I download part of a playlist from YouTube with 'youtube-dl'?

You can use: --playlist-start, --playlist-end, --playlist-reverse or --playlist-items to achieve this goal.

For example to download 2 through 8:

youtube-dl -c -f '...' --playlist-start 2 --playlist-end 8 https://youtube.com/watch/foo

To download first 5:

youtube-dl -c -f '...' --playlist-end 5 https://youtube.com/watch/foo

From 7 onward:

youtube-dl -c -f '...' --playlist-start 7 https://youtube.com/watch/foo

Or to download 2,4,6:

youtube-dl -c -f '...' --playlist-items 2,4,6 https://youtube.com/watch/bar

Or even specify a  range of videos:

youtube-dl -c --playlist-items 2-3,5,8-10,18 https://youtube.com/watch/bar

To get the last ones you should use --playlist-reverse, for example for last 6:

youtube-dl -c -f '...' --playlist-end 6 --playlist-reverse


ubuntu 16.06 lts, Booting become very slow after contracting swap area size

1. If you want to remove the swap just remove or comment-out its definition from /etc/fstab. In your case this is the following line:

# swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=d9023442-81ce-4f8d-85e9-c29f195edf4e none     swap    sw        0       0

2. If you want to setup another partition for swap area:

Create the partition (or use sudo lsblk to find it). For the example, let's assume it is /dev/sda3.
Execute the next command to format it as swap:

mkswap /dev/sda3

Use the command sudo swapon /dev/sda3 to activate it temporary, and then check whether it is successfully activated by sudo swapon --show and free -h.
To activate it permanently first find the partition UUID by the command sudo blkid /dev/sda3 and modify the swap definition in your /etc/fstab file.

3. If you want to use swap file instead of swap partition, that is more flexible approach used in the new Ubuntu versions:

First create the file (let's assume it will be 16G large) and change its permissions:

sudo fallocate -l 16G /swapfile
sudo chmod 600 /swapfile

Next format it:

sudo mkswap /swapfile

Activate it temporary and check:

sudo swapon /swapfile
sudo swapon --show
free -h

Activate it permanently - add the following line in /etc/fstab:

/swapfile none swap sw 0 0

4. Further if you use swap within SSD, maybe you would want to minimise its usage:

Tweak the values of vm.swappiness and vm.vfs_cache_pressure, for example (reference):

sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10          # Frequency of swap usage: 0 - 100 / rare used - frequent used
sudo sysctl vm.vfs_cache_pressure=50  # Cache flushing: 0 - 100 /  / rare flushed - frequent flushed

Check the current values:

cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
cat /proc/sys/vm/vfs_cache_pressure

Make the changes permanent - add the following lines to the end of /etc/sysctl.conf:

nvm.swappiness=10
nvm.vfs_cache_pressure=50


Guide for installing open source software

Following my comment, you might want to check out:

Ubuntu Guide and Ubuntu Manual


Now the canon LiDE 120 runs on Ubuntu 14.04 and even tested in 16.04 as well, for this you have to do the following:

To add the SANE PPA so that you have the latest version of SANE (backport), open your terminal and type

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rolfbensch/sane-git

then run

$ sudo apt update

then run

$ sudo apt full-upgrade

Or if you do not have sane and all its libraries installed then install it by executing the following.

$ sudo apt -y install sane libsane libsane-common sane-utils libsane-extras

you can also use synaptic package manager to check and make sure that sane is up-to-date with all necessary libraries.

Now your scanner should work with any frontends like simple-scan or gscan2pdf.

or you can compile sane-backend from the latest source, that will also do the job, in that case you have to have libusb-dev build-essential libsane-dev and for avahi network support libavahi-client-dev libavahi-glib-dev installed on your system. To do the compiling, you can follow https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CompileSaneFromSource
and it will help you some more https://help.ubuntu.com/community/sane


How to disable double click for the left mouse button and enable it on another button instead

The problem is now solved. I upgraded from Ubuntu 16.04 to Ubuntu 18.04 and this seems to have eliminated the problem. Both my mice work fine now and so I have no more need of tinkering with the buttons to avoid unintended double-clicks.

$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS
Release:    18.04
Codename:   bionic


How to find a text file which contains a specific word inside (not in its name)

You can use the grep command from terminal:

 grep -r word *

This command will find all occurrences of "word" in all the files under the current directory (or subdrectories).


How to delete all the settings for Deja Dup

Déjà Dup is the front-end for the duplicity program, Duplicity stores its data in ~/.cache/duplicity. That folder can safely be removed, if you connect with an earlier backup, those files will be recreated from the backup.

Settings for Déjà Dup are stored in dconf. (source: Where is the configuration for dejadup stored?).

To quote Michael Terry:

  Hello! The configuration for Deja Dup is stored in dconf, which you can view with dconf-editor (which in Ubuntu is available in the dconf-tools package).

  However, to view or edit your saved passwords, you should use the Passwords & Encryption Keys preference utility that comes with GNOME. That stores saved passwords for remote sites as well as the encryption password that Deja Dup saves if you chose to encrypt your backup.

As for system-wide settings, the configuration can be purged by running:

sudo apt-get purge deja-dup


Wacom bamboo capture CTH470L pen and touch doesn't work

I followed this guide http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1515562 and have managed my wacom to work, i hope it will be usefull for someone


Whitelist for migration of kubuntu configuration files

I don't know of a whitelist, but based on my experience in the past with similar types of situations, if you can't find a whitelist, I would copy all of your config files to a different directory, such as old_config. Then, when you start an application and it isn't configured the way you like, copy the file for just that application from old_config to the real config file location and see if it works. This allows you to get the config files you need on a case-by-case basis. I've used this strategy, for example, on a new linux computer with configuration files in my home directory (.emacs, .vimrc, .bashrc, .mozilla, .dropbox, .purple, etc)


Xuost 13.04 - mouse pointer invisible after upgrade

Tried bunches of things to no avail. Finally did a re-install over the existing system, and, while it reported that it didn't install all the packages, it succeeded and I now have a visible mouse pointer. I haven't noticed any shortcomings yet. But I'm sure if anything is missing, it can be installed....As far as I'm concerned - case closed.


Use case where script filenames have leading numbers to determine execution order

It sounds like you are referring to run-parts

NAME
       run-parts - run scripts or programs in a directory

SYNOPSIS
       run-parts  [--test]  [--verbose] [--report] [--lsbsysinit] [--regex=RE]
       [--umask=umask] [--arg=argument] [--exit-on-error] [--help] [--version]
       [--list] [--reverse] [--] DIRECTORY

       run-parts -V

DESCRIPTION
       run-parts  runs  all  the  executable  files  named  within constraints
       described below, found in directory directory.  Other files and  direc‐
       tories are silently ignored.

       If neither the --lsbsysinit option nor the --regex option is given then
       the names must consist entirely of ASCII upper- and lower-case letters,
       ASCII digits, ASCII underscores, and ASCII minus-hyphens.

       If  the  --lsbsysinit  option  is given, then the names must not end in
       .dpkg-old  or .dpkg-dist or .dpkg-new or .dpkg-tmp, and must belong  to
       one  or more of the following namespaces: the LANANA-assigned namespace
       (^[a-z0-9]+$);   the   LSB   hierarchical   and   reserved   namespaces
       (^_?([a-z0-9_.]+-)+[a-z0-9]+$);  and  the  Debian cron script namespace
       (^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$).

       If the --regex option  is  given,  the  names  must  match  the  custom
       extended regular expression specified as that option's argument.

       Files  are  run  in  the  lexical  sort order (according to the C/POSIX
       locale character collation rules) of their names unless  the  --reverse
       option is given, in which case they are run in the opposite order.


Meizu MX4 Ubuntu edition Fastboot problem

It seems like an usb connector problem to me. Maybe claiming to Meizu or trying a whole lot combination of usb cables/usb hubs/computers? I have had some of this weird behavior and still need to find some time to fully debug and claim to Meizu for the hardware if needed. Will update when I test further.


Cisco C220 M3, How to install Ubuntu 16.04

Links on the Internet does not help much. The Cisco UCS C220 M3 only supports RHEL (Fedora/Redhat/CentOS) and releases their binary firmwares for these distros. For Debian/Ubuntu you need non-free firmwares loaded on your installation media (if Debian) or the right distro for Ubuntu (14.04 LTS I believe)


Turned off PC while upgrading Ubuntu from 18.04 to 20.04

If you cannot reach any shell prompt, then it's time to reinstall Ubuntu.
A release-upgrade is when your system is most vulnerable -- it takes time for the two incompatible sets of packages to be exchanged by apt. Interrupting a release-upgrade may leave a system with two incomplete sets of incompatible packages...you are lucky if it boots at all. It's an easy way for unaware users to damage their system beyond recovery. Sometimes the system can be rescued, sometimes it cannot.


How to convert floating point value into decimal value in open office?

I tried to fiddle with Format -> Cell with no sucess. The problem is OpenOffice treats XX:YY values as hours and minutes, NOT minutes and seconds. But you could try this:

Input your times with HH:MM:SS format. Like 00:08:48. Say that is A1 cell.
Add an aditional column, and input thiis formula in (say B1):

=minute(A1)+if(second(A1)>=25,1,0)

Or, if you dont like adding "00:" to all values, and dont mind OO interpreting it as HH:MM, use this formula instead:

=hour(A1)+if(minute(A1)>=25,1,0)

If you dont like using 2 columns for 1 value (1 for "raw", real value and the other for the formmated value), just right-click the undesirable column and select Hide


Ubuntu resolving on 127.0.0.1 with no dnsmasq

The solution was as follows:

Zimbra does run a DNS cache which must be configured to reference an appropriate DNS server.

to check current DNS

zmprov getServer `zmhostname` | grep DNSMasterIP

to remove old DNS

zmprov ms `zmhostname` -zimbraDNSMasterIP  192.168.1.45

to add new DNS

zmprov ms `zmhostname` +zimbraDNSMasterIP  8.8.8.8

Zimbra's dnscache listens on 127.0.0.1 - we had the intenal reference DNS set to an old internal dns server rather than an external one.

dnscache will override resolve.conf in Ubuntu resetting it to 127.0.0.1


No Ubuntu versions automatically update 3.16 kernel
As per this answer posted by Pilot6: The automatic updates for my Kernel (3.16.0-30) are giving an older version (3.13.0-100) users who were on Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS were automatically downgraded from Kernel 3.16 to kernel 3.13.
If you choose to use kernel 3.16 you will have to install it manually and update it manually: How to update kernel to the latest mainline version without any Distro-upgrade?
Kernel Version 3.16 is LTS
Ubuntu versions 14.04, 16.04 and soon-to-be-released 18.04 are LTS (Long Term Support) and supported for five years. Mainline Linux Kernels also have LTS versions; 3.16, 4.4, 4.9 and 4.14.
In the 3.16 series of kernels, meltdown mitigation was introduced in Kernel version 3.16.52 and enhanced in Kernel 3.16.53.
Installing Kernel Version 3.16
When you install 3.16.53 kernel on Ubuntu version 14.04 LTS or 16.04 LTS you might get these errors:
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-3.16.53-031653-generic:
 linux-image-3.16.53-031653-generic depends on module-init-tools (>= 3.3-pre11-4ubuntu3); however:
  Package module-init-tools is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package linux-image-3.16.53-031653-generic (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-image-3.16.53-031653-generic

To repair the dependency errors you will need to run:
sudo apt-get -f install

Then you need to install module-init-tools:
sudo apt-get module-init-tools

Finally you can install your 3.16.53 kernel version again.


Hi guys am new user of ubuntu can any one guide how to install chrome

Visit https://www.google.com/chrome/browser/desktop/index.html

Download, clicking at 64 bit .deb (For Debian/Ubuntu)

It will recognize you're coming from ubuntu and offer an installation package x32 or x64.deb, depending on the hardwarde and type of 14.04 you have (this you can check by typing uname -a in the terminal and see the output x64 or x32.) but most likely you're using 64.

After that just open the package you downloaded and follow instructions.

Finally, open the dash in unity and type chrome to find it. When you open it, you could also right-click the icon in the laucher and select "lock to launcher" for easier starting.

OR
Alternatively, you could install through the command line in terminal.

Press CTRL+ALT+T to open the terminal. Type (line after line):

wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add -
sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google.list'
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable


Lenovo Yoga 2 Ubuntu 14.04 occasionanal blank screen

I have the same on 14.04. On 13.10 it worked well. I can't fix it, but there is a little workaround. When screen goes black press the F9 key (switch the screen off), close the lid  and don't move the laptop*. It will go to sleep. Then open it and wake it up by pressing any key. My Yoga 2 Pro wakes up with the screen working fine.

Y2P has a movement sensor, so if you move it when it goes to sleep it fail to do so.


Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld.sock' (2)

It should work out of the box, if you have installed it via apt-get. Have you run the function "mysql_secure_installation", to setup and secure your installation?

Also you should ensure, that the MySQL server is running.

Try to run
$: sudo service mysql start


How to install pandas for python 2 and not on my default python 3.6?

The python 2 package containing the pandas library is called python-pandas:

sudo apt install python-pandas


Are there any tools for drawing on the desktop (drawing over apps)?

EDIT:
Option 1  (compiz composite manager)
As far as I read about the ink over apps application... you can try with the "Annotate" plugin in compiz.
1) Intall the compizconfig-settings-manager, compiz-plugins and the compiz-plugins-extra packages running code below.
sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-plugins compiz-plugins-extra

2) Open the compizconfig-settings-manager application.

3) Go to the "Extras" category and enable the "Annotate" plugin.

4) Click in the plugin to view and set the configuration.

configure the plugin according to your needs.. here you have an example.

You can launch whatever application, draw in it and use the shorcuts for the gnome-screenshot app like Alt + Print to take the screenshot of the windows you drew.
Option 2  (with any composite manager eg: xfce, compiz, xcompmgr etc)
Another software to draw over the desktop is Ardesia.

Ardesia is the free digital sketchpad software that help you to make
coloured free-hand annotations with digital ink everywhere, record
them and share on the network. It is easy to use and impressively fast
and reactive. You can draw upon the desktop or import an image and
annotate it and redistribute your work to the world. Let's create
quick sketch and artwork.

1) To install Ardesia, open a Terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install ardesia

2) To open the app eg: Xubuntu.
Go to Menu > Accessories > Ardesia Desktop Sketchpad

3) You can draw over and app or your desktop and you can take screenshots with the Ardesia toolbar.

Option 2.5
If you have a slow computer, you might want to try option 2 using lxde and xcompmgr (a lightweight composite manager)
To run lxde and xcompmgr,
1) Install both programs
sudo apt-get install lxde xcompmgr

2) follow the instructions at How to start applications such as xcompmgr at start up? to get xcompmgr to start in lxde
This option works rather well, even on slow computers.
Option 3  (without composite manager)
Another application to draw but without a composite manager is Pylote.

Pylote is a software making it possible to draw on the screen of the
computer, like handling various instruments of geometry. It is a
software multiplateforme, free (license GNU GPL), made in Python
(computer programming language) and PyQt4 (or PySide) for the
graphical interface.

To run Pylote you need first python (greater than or equal to 2.6) installed by default in Ubuntu, and python-qt4.
1) Open a Terminal window and type:

sudo apt-get install python-qt4

2) Download the pylote.tar.gz file. (Pylote install GNU / Linux)
3) uncompress the tar.gz file

tar xvzf /path/to/pylote.tar.gz

4) Enter in the pylote folder and make sure the file pylote.pyw has execute perms.

cd /path/to/folder/pylote

chmod 755 pylote.pyw

5) Run the pylote app with double click in the pylote.pyw file

6) Take an screenshot after drawing over an app or your desktop. eg: scrot

sudo apt-get install scrot

Then you can hit Alt+F2 and type

scrot -s /path/to/your/screenshot.jpg

with the -s option you can select the area to take the screenshot and save at .jpg.
Hope this will helpful.


Is grub needed when copying Ubuntu to a new drive

Grub access it's config files before drives/filesystems are mounted. Unless you duplicate the original drive, you will likely get a grub command prompt.

You will need to boot into the new OS and update grub. I have done the following in the same situation:

copy your files to the new drive, and edit the new /etc/fstab to reflect the new UUID's.
Update grub so that you get a grub entry for the new drive in the old grub.
boot into the new drive. Reinstall grub, update grub, and update initramfs. Be sure to target the new drive with the grub install.
remove the old drive, and you should be good with the new drive.
once booted with the new drive only, update grub again to remove the entry for the old drive.


You can disable HUD service using following command.

sudo chmod -x /usr/lib/indicator-appmenu/hud-service

Reboot your system. Hud will not more run.


Installing the package:

sudo apt-get install sni-qt:i386

Sovled the problem with skype


PHP-FPM eating memory & Creating many Pools

The number of children is controlled by the process manager configuration directives in the pool configuration file. I guess the current settings are either pm = static  with pm.max_children = 6 or pm = dynamic  with pm.start_servers = 6. One process would be the controlling process, the others would be children ready to handle requests. If you only have 5 not 6 children configured, then I must confess I don't know what that last process is used for. On large high-throughput sites, such a configuration with many ready-to-use children makes sense, but in a memory-constrained (probably virtual) environment where you only expects PHP scripts to execute every now and then, a different configuration might be more appropriate.

To achieve this, edit the pool config files and set pm = ondemand. Then children will be created only to handle requests. This will mean less memory consumption while no requests are active, although it might also mean more time required to create a child. The latter can be reduced by choosing a reasonable pm.process_idle_timeout, so that a sane number of php processes remain idle while users can be expected to use them again soon. That “sane number” is controlled by pm.max_children.

Note: This advice is based on my experience with Debian 7, but it should apply to Ubuntu as well.


Launching proper version of Eclipse IDE via i3wm

I ended up having to uninstall all versions of eclipse I can't remember the exact commands but basically I did sudo apt-get purge eclipse* and then also did whereis eclipse and deleted all of the directories it returned. After that I reinstalled eclipse and now when I launch dmenu I have an eclipse44 option that launches the current version of eclipse.


anyone can help me, how can i save and close this section?

you would need to press the Right Control button, then it will release the mouse so you can click outside. If you are in a laptop then it could  be Alt Gr + Right Control or Alt Fn + Right Control.


/etc/hosts configuration error , ping not working

Your file /etcc/hosts is just fine. The fact that after the command

ping -c1 monarch

You see:

PING ubuntu.spinlock.hr (192.168.7.12) 56(84) bytes of data.

means that your system can resolve host name monarch to the IP address you told it to.

It seems that other network problems / misconfiguration prevents you from pinging that host.

To start with try ping 192.168.7.12 and if it fails try to track that error down.


How to change the MaaS server ip address?

On Ubuntu 14.04 Server

sudo dpkg-reconfigure maas-cluster-controller
sudo dpkg-reconfigure maas-region-controller


Different keyboard mapping after installing nvidia-prime

I experienced the same problem after installing nvidia-prime. I found a solution here:

Keyboard layout switches to English each time I reboot

and applied:

setxkbmap de

where "de" denotes "German" keyboard layout. Hope this helps!


ethtool

From man ethtool...

  ethtool -s devname [speed N] [duplex half|full] [port tp|aui|bnc|mii]
          [mdix auto|on|off] [autoneg on|off] [advertise N] [phyad N]
          [xcvr internal|external] [wol p|u|m|b|a|g|s|f|d...]
          [sopass xx:yy:zz:aa:bb:cc] [msglvl N | msglvl type on|off ...]

In the terminal...

sudo ethtool -s enp6s0 speed 1000 duplex full autoneg on

sudo lshw -C network

Update #1:

Let's use a better driver than r8169...

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install dkms r8168-dkms

reboot

Update #2:

Here are three possible templates for making ethtool settings permanent. You'll have to do a little homework, and a little tinkering, to make sure it works as expected.

man interfaces

sudo pico /etc/network/interfaces

Add the following...

auto enp6s0
iface enp6s0 inet dhcp
    pre-up /sbin/ethtool -s enp6s0 speed 1000 duplex full autoneg on

or

# edit for the proper addresses
auto enp6s0
iface enp6s0 inet static
    pre-up /sbin/ethtool -s enp6s0 speed 1000 duplex full autoneg on
    address 192.168.1.2
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    gateway 192.168.1.1
    dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4

or

auto enp6s0
iface enp6s0 inet manual
    pre-up /sbin/ethtool -s enp6s0 speed 1000 duplex full autoneg on

Then reboot.

Update #3:

Couldn't get any stanza to work in /etc/network/interfaces, so we put /sbin/ethtool -s enp6s0 speed 1000 duplex full autoneg on in /etc/rc.local.


It should have.  An easy way to get rid of the desk top icon is to delete it, right click and choose move to trash.


Purrple screen with broken external video card

Install the NVIDIA drivers this way ... I assume you have NVIDIA GEFORCE 400 graphics or newer :

Remove the NVIDIA software you have tried to install.

Highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and  press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line.
Press the F10 key to boot into the Ubuntu system.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1.
Enter your user name and password and then execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Install the NVIDIA drivers from the Ubuntu repositories.

Highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and  press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line.
Press the F10 key to boot into the Ubuntu system.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1.
Enter your user name and password and then execute :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

Now adding a boot parameter is not necessary anymore.
Switch between graphics from NVIDIA X Server settings.


How do I install hipchat on Ubuntu 16.04

Until Atlassian fixes the repo you can download the deb file and use dpkg to install:

    wget https://atlassian.artifactoryonline.com/atlassian/hipchat-apt-client/pool/HipChat4-4.0.1517-Linux.deb
    sudo dpkg -i HipChat4-4.0.1517-Linux.deb


Remove part of file name using for loop in terminal

for i in *.txt; do mv $i ${i%%.txt}; done

It's a simple for cycle, just like the one you wrote. Note I've used ; instead of newlines so that I can type it into a single line. The only construct that is new to you is the ${i%%.txt}, which simply means $i, with whatever following the %% signs cut off from the end of $i.

A good tip: if unsure what would happen, try adding echo in front of the actual command, so that you would see the exact commands that are to be executed. E.g.:

for i in *.txt; do echo mv $i ${i%%.txt}; done


According to the output of the command dpkg -l | awk '/^ii/ {print $2}' | xargs apt-cache policy \; you have to downgrade the Kali packages

sudo apt-get install aircrack-ng=1:1.2-0~beta3-4 ndiff=6.47-7 nmap=6.47-7 python-scapy=2.2.0-1

Correct the entries in /etc/lsb-release

sudo nano /etc/lsb-release

add replace the content with the lines below

DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=15.10
DISTRIB_CODENAME=wily
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 15.10"


Try this

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa

$ ubuntu-drivers devices
== /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000010DEd00001C03sv00001043sd000085ABbc03sc00i00
vendor   : NVIDIA Corporation
model    : GP106 [GeForce GTX 1060 6GB]
driver   : nvidia-driver-390 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-396 - third-party free recommended
driver   : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin

$ sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

$ sudo apt install nvidia-396

$ reboot


I would first try to package your config changes and added dependencies into one or multiple .deb files.

once they are installable easily, you can think of how yo are going to distribute it.

the suggestions posted as comments to your questions sounded like good suggestions.

have fun


Slow Lubuntu (memory leaks?) : what can/should I do?

the Monitor program you are using is more than enough for the Job.

It seems that Chrome is memory hungry. Try using firefox.

By the way there is no problem if your RAM is full. Because the kernel take care of unused apps and put them in swap.

Hope that helps


"wifi not working" on HP ENVY x360 - 15-w107ne

Run in terminal

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-acer-wmi.conf <<< "blacklist acer_wmi"

and reboot.

This solution is helpful for laptop models when the rfkill shows acer-wireless and it is blocked.


Typical, after I resort to Askubuntu I manage to find the solution.

In 18.04 you need to manually install the ocl-icd-libopencl1 package. So a quick sudo apt install ocl-icd-libopencl1 fixed it.


How can I execute a single command as non-root user while the rest of the script runs with root privileges?

I feel that the approach to run an entire script as root except for one specific command that should be run as another user is inherently flawed. I would suggest to do it the other way around: run the script as user, and prefix all the commands inside the script that should run with root privileges with sudo.

This way, you're sure not to accidentally execute any command as root which you could have run as a normal user instead.

Note that the script will still ask for your password only once, since, after the first sudo command, sudo remembers your password for 15 minutes (by default). That is, unless your script runs for more than 15 minutes. Even then, it's possible to increase sudo's default timeout, but that's perhaps beyond the scope of this question.

Of course, it all depends on your situation. There may be situations where doing it the other way around is better: You can also run the script as root and drop root privileges by prefixing the command that should run with the privileges of username with sudo -u username. Also see the comments under this answer for a short discussion of the pros and cons. (Note that said answer itself suggests that it is usually better to run the entire script as root and dropping privileges where needed, instead of running the entire script as user and acquiring root privileges where necessary. I beg to differ. It certainly all depends on your situation. From a security standpoint, the latter approach is safer. But if that is not a concern,  the former approach has some slight advantages from a technical standpoint. See the discussion under the linked answer.)


Ubuntu One is spread over many packages. You can remove them by running the following command in a terminal:

sudo apt-get purge ubuntuone* python-ubuntuone-storage*


Battery life low on notebook using ubuntu 11.10 vs. windows 7

This may be a little late but, keep in mind that Dell laptops have their CD/DVD players running through the USB system and if you are running a Live CD this will drastically reduce your battery life. I have installed Ubuntu 12.10 using Wubi along side Windows 7 and have had no battery issues.


Do you have the CD?  If so, how did you get it?  If you burned it, then it must be recognized.

Assuming you have the CD, is the problem that it won't boot from the CD?  If so, this isn't a driver issue, since no operating system is even present at boot time, and a driver is part of the operating system.  The problem would be that your BIOS is not set to boot from the CD, which isn't really a Ubuntu problem.  But the solution is to press the key that brings up the BIOS before booting (often either delete or F1, but it should tell you briefly when you restart), and tell it to boot from the CD before the hard disk drive.


Override core Nginx which is currently installed on Ubuntu 16.04

That's not actually the output of nginx, that's the message that gets printed when you give it a command it recognizes but isn't installed.  (I get the exact same message, and don't have nginx installed)

Run this:

$ sudo apt-get install nginx-light

I believe nginx includes and installs the systemd script.  You may need to do some configuration of the nginx config file though.


How to extract a zip file to a specific folder?

We'll extract to a different folder to be sure that permissions aren't in our way:

Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T should work).

Now create a temporary folder to extract the file:
mkdir temp_for_zip_extract

Let's now extract the zip file into that folder:
unzip /path/to/file.zip -d temp_for_zip_extract

You should now have the contents of your zip file temp_for_zip_extract and can copy them into the desired folder.
If you can't copy the files to your folder, then check the permissions on your target folder.
The path to the downloads folder depends on what you used to download it to, try ~/Downloads. If you can't find it, then try this in a terminal:
cd ~;  find -name 'filename.zip'

You can also use a file manager, of course. There is Nautilus, Nemo, Thunar and many more, depending on your environment.  Start the file manager and double click on your zip file, just like you would do in Windows.


While using GIMP, how to use the mouse wheel to enlarge and decrease the entire window

1. Open GIMP , then Navigate to Edit > Preferences > Input Devices > Input Controllers.
2. From Active Controllers , choose Main mouse wheel
3. look for Scroll up Event , then Edit Event , search for Zoom in , Then OK.
4. look for Scroll Down Event , then Edit Event , search for Zoom out , Then OK.
5. Close Main Mouse Wheel , Preferces -> Ok

Hope that Helps you, Good Luck!


From man fstab:

   The  fifth  field,  (fs_freq),  is  used  for  these filesystems by the
   dump(8) command to determine which filesystems need to be  dumped.   If
   the  fifth  field  is not present, a value of zero is returned and dump
   will assume that the filesystem does not need to be dumped.

Nothing is dumped/backedup automatically.


crontab doesn't seem to work and makes different schedule in cron.d!

"System" cron jobs are run through the /etc/crontab file, not through the root user's crontab file /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root, which is what sudo crontab -e edits. /etc/crontab on my Ubuntu 14.04.3 system is (Note the informative #comments):

# /etc/crontab: system-wide crontab
# Unlike any other crontab you don't have to run the `crontab'
# command to install the new version when you edit this file
# and files in /etc/cron.d. These files also have username fields,
# that none of the other crontabs do.

SHELL=/bin/sh
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

# m h dom mon dow user  command
17 *    * * *   root    cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly
25 6    * * *   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily )
47 6    * * 7   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.weekly )
52 6    1 * *   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.monthly )
#


Budgie lockscreen persists after attempting to reinstall gdm3

I solved it. I typed these commands: sudo apt-get install gdm3 and sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm3.


I'm a fellow musician and never knew that this program existed until your question--Good find!

Anyways, to install the program, open up Terminal and enter this command:

sudo apt-get install solfege

And it SHOULD install. If it doesn't, let me know in the comments below...I sense that there may be something else wrong.


changing string with sed, where did it go?

Your sed invokation is wrong.

sed 's/$host = 127.0.0.1/$host = localhost/' "$i"

See the manual page of sed:

sed [OPTION]... {script-only-if-no-other-script} [input-file]

The inputfile is the last argument, not hte first.

Interessting sidenote: t in sed is called a label. After t the name of the label follows. In your case it's the input filename without the leading t. sed therefore tries to jump to a label called est/sub2/configuration.php, which sed cannot find anywhere. The second expression s///g is never executed.


Ubuntu Software app won't open (Ubuntu 16.04 LTS)

You have a glitch in your configuration.  Remove or rename your ~/.local/share/gnome-software folder.

Run these commands:

$ killall gnome-software
$ rm -r ~/.local/share/gnome-software


Grid snapping breaking workingspaces, how do I fix this?

It looks like the answer was actually very simple.  There are three steps to solving this issue with the Dell XPS Developer Edition.

Uninstall the dell-super-key software sudo apt-get remove dell-super-key

Unbind the ctrl+super+up,down,left,right keys through ccsm using the following steps

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
run it by typing ccsm
Find the grid section, then key bindings, and remove the keybindings that you need for switching workspaces.

Re-bind the ctrl+super+up,down,left,right with the normal Keyboard Utility.

Open the Keyboard Utility
In the Shortcuts tab, select Navigation and scroll to the bottom.  Select the Move to workspace x, and bind them appropriately.


How to print from a kiosk app on Ubuntu Core 18 to an attached usb printer?

This change https://github.com/snapcore/snapd/pull/8329 which is currently in snapd in the edge channel, should help you to use the raw-usb interface in your snap to access /dev/usb/lpX directly ...


Airplay sink no longer visible in pulseaudio

From the RAOP2 site here's the guide to get RAOP2 working:

First set up your build system.

sudo apt-get install build-essential paprefs git pulseaudio-module-raop intltool libjack0
sudo apt-get build-dep pulseaudio

Now get the code and build the software

git clone https://github.com/hfujita/pulseaudio-raop2.git
cd pulseaudio-raop2
./autogen.sh
CFLAGS="-ggdb3 -O0" LDFLAGS="-ggdb3" ./configure --prefix=$HOME --enable-x11 --disable-hal-compat
make

Now before you can run your new pulseaudio, you need to make some settings and kill the original pulseaudio.

Run paprefs and check the option to make AirTunes devices available.

Prevent pulseaudio from starting automatically:

mkdir ~/.pulse
echo "autospawn=no" >> ~/.pulse/client.conf

On Ubuntu 14.10 and earlier you need to copy over the alsa configuration:

cp /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/profile-sets/extra-hdmi.conf src/modules/alsa/mixer/profile-sets/

Now to every time you want to use an AirPlay speaker you need to run your new pulseaudio by doing these two things: kill all existing instances of pulseaudio and run the new one (from the pulseaudio-raop2 directory):

pkill pulseaudio
./src/pulseaudio -n -F src/default.pa -p $(pwd)/src/ --log-time=1 -vvvv 2>&1 | tee pulse.log

This also creates a log file while running, which should help to identify problems.

To stop the RAOP2 version of pulseaudio, press ctrl+c and start the original one with pulseaudio -D


Why does Firefox try to use Gedit to open .deb files

I had this behaviour with Firefox too. It was opening PDFs, .DOCs, .DOCXs, etc with Gedit. Very annoying. Didn't matter than the Applications list in Firefox specified LibreOffice, Evince, etc., as the preferred application UNLESS I clicked on the 'Show All Downloads' link at the bottom of the downloads menu (in the firefox taskbar).

To fix this, I opened .local/share/applications/mimeapps.list and removed the association of application/octet-stream with gedit.desktop. Doing that restored the normal/expected behaviour.

This clearly highlights a bug in Firefox, which is that it sometimes uses its applications list, but not always (as of version 35.0.1 on Ubuntu 12.04).


Installing 12.04 Ubuntu Studio on VMware Workstation 7, won't install VMware Tools

install Ubuntu Studio 12.04 on my laptop by using VMware Workstation 7.1.5

The problem is that the VMWare Tools included with 7.1.5 is fairly old at this point and is not compatible with the Linux 3.2 kernel that Ubuntu 12.04 runs on. The latest VMWare Workstation is 8.x, and I can confirm that it works fine with Ubuntu 12.04, including VMWare Tools.

Other than upgrading VMWare Workstation to v8.x, you can try the following:

Install WITHOUT Easy Install - it will install OK and you can try installing VMWare Tools later.
Download and install the latest Tools for Linux for Workstation 7.1.5 on Windows from here and see if those install.
Finally (and note that this is totally unsupported): try the patch for 7.1.5 here intended to make it compatible with Linux Kernels 3.2 and 3.3, and then try installing Tools again.

(You can always run sudo vmware-config-tools.pl to try to recompile the modules).


Extract last 100 files in all subdirectories, each directory has variable number of files

In the parent with the 6 subdirectories:

mkdir ../newdirs

Then:

for d in */*; do mkdir -p ../newdirs/"$d"; i=0; j=$(stat "$d"/* --printf "%i\n" | wc -l); for f in "$d"/*; do [[ -f "$f" ]] && (( (j - ++i) < 100 )) && echo mv -v -- "$f" ../newdirs/"$d"; done; done

Remove echo after testing to actually move the files.
More readably:

for d in */*; do
  mkdir -p ../newdirs/"$d"
  i=0
  j=$(stat "$d"/* --printf "%i\n" | wc -l)
  for f in "$d"/*; do
    [[ -f "$f" ]] &&
    (( (j - ++i) < 100 )) &&
      echo mv -v -- "$f" ../newdirs/"$d"
  done
done

Notes

mkdir ../newdirs make a new directory for the moved files at the same level as the current one (ie in the parent .. of both)
for d in */*; do for each sub-sub directory...
mkdir -p ../newdirs/"$d" make a directory in the parallel structure, using -p to create parent directories as needed and
i=0 set a variable to 0 for counting iterations
j=$(stat "$d"/* --printf "%i\n" | wc -l) count the files in the sub-subdirectory and assign this number to j
for f in "$d"/*; do for all the contents of the sub-subdirectories
[[ -f "$f" ]] && if it's a file
(( (j - ++i) < 100 )) && and if the number of files in the directory minus the number of times the loop has been run is less than 100, then...
mv -v -- "$f" ../newdirs/"$d" move the file to the corresponding directory in the new structure.

for iterates over files in an ordered way, so this method will give the last 100 files as listed numerically.

You can adjust ../newdirs to the path you want.


Wlan0 interface disappeared after upgrade to Xubuntu 16.04

It looks like Ubuntu 16.04 does not install unsigned third party packages if Secure Boot is enabled.

You need to disable Secure Boot in UEFI settings to get wl work.

But that is a problem, because on some systems Secure Boot can't be disabled.

Update: This issue can be fixed. You can disable validation of modules by:

sudo apt-get install mokutil
sudo mokutil --disable-validation


Is there a way to access Session Menu with keyboard shortcut?

Super + S opens it in 10.10, it should in 11.04 as well.


Touchpad Scrolling not working Ubuntu 18.04

Vmware doesn't support touchpad scrolling.

You can ether us VirtualBox
or try to follow this solution
or you are brave and get support from VMware


Files disappearing from internal NTFS hard drive

Couple weeks ago in my windows OS I had similar problems which sounded like a hard drive failure in your case. I ran a program that checks for these kind of things.

Didn't know what was causing the problem as my windows os would freeze up after 5mins particularly when I would open certain programs. Then I heard massive clicking from it which was a sign of death. After much research I found a program called Hard Drive Regenerator, your friendly pirate should know where to get it; just burn the iso once he gives it to you. Life saver works with all kinds of partitions and takes an hour or so to scan for bad sectors and close to a day if all sectors need to be remapped and deleted.

The bad sectors were spreading like a virus, so the program remapped them into a part of the hard drive where the bad sectors are failed when hard drives are developed. I'd run that to check for any physical problems. Also I did backup my files before running it, you can leave it, but reccomends saving your files. I had 1537 512 byte sectors causing my hard drive to click and pc to freeze. After running that my hard drive passed the SMART test.


I managed to install HD7790 fglrx driver on ubuntu 13.04 AMD64 with Unity. This is no exact step by step - I am trying to remember which steps I did. I take no guaranty.

Remove fglrx drivers sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx fglrx-amdcccle fglrx-updates fglrx-amdcccle-updates xvba-va-driver
Use the guide from http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Ubuntu_Raring_Installation_Guide#Before_you_start (from install prerequisite to install created debs), I tried another driver to, but it work only with 13.4 http://www2.ati.com/drivers/linux/amd-catalyst-13.4-linux-x86.x86_64.zip
rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf maybe you should do a backup, but I had a damaged config
sudo amdconfig --initial -f
sudo reboot # after startup it showed just desktop background nothing more
Open a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
glxgears # no errors, more than 1400 FPS ... driver is installed and working
sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager # install ccsm
ccsm # run as standard usernot as root, in my case Unity plugin was disabled
Enable Unity plugin and confirm requests for enabling another modules and rewrite key bindings


How can I mirror one of the screens in a 3-monitor setup?

You need to look at xrandr command

May be something like:

xrandr --output SCREEN1 --output SCREEN2 --output SCREEN3 --same-as SCREEN2

where SCREEN3 mirrors SCREEN2.

Replace SCREEN1, SCREEN2, SCREEN3 with the appropriate name that you get with the xrandr command (without any option).

For example, LDVS1, HDMI1, VGA1, etc ...


How to discover the queues in a LDP server

Ok, I've just found a way to print without installing cups =), I just had the weird idea that it was necessary to print anything:

    rlpr -h -Plp -HHERE_IP_OF_THE_LPD_SERVER foo.ps


Linux kernel and headers do not install on a VPS system

In many cases you can't upgrade linux kernel if you are using a system provided by VPS.

If there is an option in VPS control panel, then do it there.

Otherwise contact VPS technical support.


Internal Server Error (HTTP 500) when issuing an authentication token for OpenStack's demo user

The problem seems to be in the Apache2 server PATH (saved in tmp), as referenced in: https://ask.openstack.org/en/question/8307/lockfailed-failed-to-create-usrshareopenstack-dashboardopenstack_dashboardlocalb-api01dummy-1-3096/ and https://ask.openstack.org/en/question/13952/horizon-apache-launch-error/

to solve this, I changed the LOCAL_PATH value in local_settings.py (installing Liberty on Ubuntu Server 14.04, I found it in /etc/openstack-dashboard/)

so I changed LOCAL_PATH = os.path.dirnames(os.path.abspath(__file__)) to LOCAL_PATH = '/tmp'

and now all works fine.


Is it possible to close vlc to system tray?

With version 2.1.6 'Systray popup when minimized' option doesn't exist anymore. To hide vlc simply click on the vlc systray icon.


Ubuntu limiting my shared connection to 10mb/s

You can change the speed of the connection in nm-connection-editor. Open the Ethernet connection and under the "Ethernet" tab, you can change "Link negotiation" to "Manual" and you can manually choose the speed of the connection.


How to stop wifi disconnection when eth0 link becomes ready?

You'll want to go in the connection's configuration settings, under the IPv4 Settings tab, click the Routes button, and check the checkbox marked "Use this connection only for the resouces on its network".

What this does is tell NetworkManager to not use that connection as a default route. However, you'll need to edit it again to remove that option if you want to use wired as a connection for the internet (or create a separate connection just for changing old wifi settings).


LibreOffice Calc problem loading large files

save file as .ods and open it. worked for me.
follow this link to save your excel files.
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/use-excel-to-open-or-save-a-worksheet-in-the-opendocument-spreadsheet-ods-format-c7114baa-f08a-49eb-aefd-f5d61ed347cd


Poor text visibility after ugrading to ubuntu 20.04

Try to change different color profiles:

Then install

sudo apt-get install gnome-shell-extensions gnome-tweaks

After reboot, or maybe logout/login, you'll see in gnome-tweaks gnome-shell themes toggle:

After enabling that, you could change shell themes:

sudo apt install pop-gnome-shell-theme


Yes.

If battery life with 19.10 is less than 19.04, it's because of the version change.


how to source csh script from bash environment?

bash won't run all csh scripts perfectly. There may be some basic overlap, like very basic bash scripts will run in sh/dash, but if it fails to run in bash (test with bash [file] ) then it's a no-go. Either

modify them to run in bash, or
run them with csh, called from the bash script, as if you're running them in a terminal, having them return a result value or do whatever they're supposed to. This would not leave any variables or functions available to the main bash script, as you've commented, so you'll either

have them do whatever they're supposed to do to external files, or
return a single value/string, or maybe
treat them like another program and read multiple lines of output into your bash script.

If you're just looking to source variables, it's theoretically possible to go through the csh script line-by-line and adding just the variables into the current bash shell/script. Something similar to this:

while read line
do
[stuff with $line]
done < /path/to/[the csh script to add]

I don't know how all the variables are laid out in the scripts you're sourcing, so it's up to you to decide what the [stuff with $line] should be.

If they're like bash, then maybe just grep any lines that begin with spaces or characters, have a = with optionally more characters with no spaces, so:

echo "$line" | grep '^\s*\S*=\S*'
or as above with anything after the = with:

echo "$line" | grep '^\s*\S*=.*'

But I think csh variables all start with set / setenv, so could find set/setenv lines, then throw out the set/setenv. Try as a starter:

echo "$line" | grep '^\s*\S*set.*=.*'

Those're just quick sample grep / regex patterns, see this & that & others for more info.

Or, if it's only a few of them, go through them manually & paste all the variables into bash/sh compatible files you can then source in bash with no problems.


Difficulty installing NVIDIA graphics driver on Ubuntu 18.04

@GabrielaGarcia This worked:

  Do not install from the binaries downloaded from Nvidia. Instead add the graphics drivers PPA and then just open Additional Drivers and there select and apply the latest version.

I used the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-430 nvidia-settings


wlan0 interface disappeared after upgrade to ubuntu 15.10

Try this:
rename interface

sudo kate /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

replace "kate" with "gedit","nano" or your favourite editor and add the following:

SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="be:3b:af:63:73:f3", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="wlan*", NAME="wlan0"

In my case wireless was working (had to use external driver/firmware) ,but I noticed many error logs on "syslog" and had to rename it.


The package nginx-full installs ssl support as well.

Please refer to this guide to configure your ssl

http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpSslModule


Replacing Windows 7 with Windows 8 while on dual boot

Although the specific instructions totally depend on your situation, partitioning etc. You should insert Windows 8 disc and replace Windows 7 (if you want that removed of course), simply format Windows 7 partition and install Windows 8.
After doing so, your GRUB bootloader will be inaccessible, you should insert and boot an Ubuntu LiveCD and fix GRUB (using commands or GUI tools like grub-customizer).


According to the r/emacs post in Reddit at https://www.reddit.com/r/emacs/comments/55hnxo/best_way_to_update_on_ubuntu/d8b8jtg/, the PPA at https://launchpad.net/~kelleyk/+archive/ubuntu/emacs provides the stable release of Emacs 25. To add this PPA, do:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kelleyk/emacs
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install emacs25


having trouble with ubuntu installing on galaxy s3 d2vzw

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Porting

The release of Ubuntu Touch only supports Galaxy Nexus devices.  If you want it on your s3 you'll have to port it yourself (a serious undertaking, or a build would be available), wait for someone else to do it, or wait for Canonical's official build.


Maybe you are looking for something like this? https://github.com/trimstray/test-your-sysadmin-skills


I have written the following script that connects to my PI ownclod server and backs it up on my laptop. The script is working perfectly. You can see if it will help you:

#!/bin/bash

echo "[`date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%I:%S"`] Sync started";
CURRENT_DATE=`date +%y-%m-%d`
BACKUP_DIR="/home/radoslav/Backups"
CURRENT_BACKUP_DIR="$BACKUP_DIR/backup-$CURRENT_DATE"
LOG_FILE="$BACKUP_DIR/backup-$CURRENT_DATE.log"

if [ ! -d "$CURRENT_BACKUP_DIR" ]; then
      mkdir "$CURRENT_BACKUP_DIR"
fi

if [ ! -f "$LOG_FILE" ]; then
      touch "$LOG_FILE"
fi

rsync -aAXvzlxH --exclude='/dev' --exclude='/proc' --exclude='/sys' --exclude='/lost+found' -e "ssh" --rsync-path="sudo rsync" pi@192.168.0.168:/ "$CURRENT_BACKUP_DIR" >"$LOG_FILE" 2>&1

tar -czvf "$BACKUP_DIR/backup-$CURRENT_DATE.tar.gz" "$CURRENT_BACKUP_DIR"
rm -rf "$CURRENT_BACKUP_DIR"
echo "[`date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%I:%S"`] Sync ended";

Note that I am using --rsync-path="sudo rsync" in rsync command. Also under which user is set the corn to run? Under the root user or under your normal user where the ssh key is generated?


ubuntu not able to recognise python command

Use the update-alternatives program to update the default executable 'python', or any other default executable, to the one provided by 2.7


Installing Software not in Ubuntu Software Center

This way work if you have problems to launch normally Software Center

$ sudo software-center

If doesn't work then install Gdebi

$ sudo apt-get install gdebi

Then you can download .deb packages and install with it

Also you can try with Synaptic, a old-fashion but it works :D

$ sudo apt-get install synaptic

You can search repositories there.

These are the easy ways to install packages, Another is Downloading .tar.bz2 (code) and compiling.

First you need uncompress then put in the folder at terminal.

$ cd /home/user/folder/of/your/program

Tree easy steps

$ ./configure

$ make

$ sudo make install

If you have any trouble doing this you can copy paste, then share with us the problem


Black screen after login Ubuntu Gnome 16.04

The only workaround available to this bug is to download and choose lightdm as the login manager of Ubuntu, rather than the default GDM, I've downloaded and installed it from Synaptic with ease and chose it as default by running the command : sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm, once you see this message hit Enter.

Then you see this window, choose lightdm and hit enter.

Your selection will be available on the next reboot.

Source and bug details  [Here].


Uninstall .ttf font which I installed earlier

To remove the font do:

rm /home/ihab/.local/share/fonts/arial.ttf

This will remove (uninstall) the arial.ttf font from your system.

If you wish to just make it unusable rather than removing totally, move it to someplace other than the normal directories from where font files are read. For example:

mv /home/ihab/.local/share/fonts/arial.ttf /home/ihab/backup/

This will save the font file in /home/ihab/backup/ directory.