Why is rpm -qa showing nothing in Ubuntu?

Per your comments, you say that you're "doing RHEL based Linux distribution" and that you don't know what mistake you're making.

The mistake you're making is that you are thinking that Ubuntu is a RHEL based distribution.  Ubuntu is a Debian based system, and uses dpkg as the package management system.  It does not use RPM packages, which is why using rpm will return nothing.  The use of dpkg -l was somewhat more accurate to use, as dpkg is the underlying package system.

If you want a RHEL based distribution to work with, CentOS and Fedora are possible alternative options.  (However, support for those is not on this site, which is Ubuntu only, so for Fedora and CentOS questions, try Unix and Linux instead.)


Thunar doesn't have this functionality, sadly instead they opted for tabs, you can open a new tab with CTRL+T, you can also drag files on tabs.


How to Opt Out of System Information Reports

There are at least four pieces of spyware installed by default on ubuntu 18.04 bionic and the accepted answer only really disables popcon.

Why ` ubuntu-report -f send no ` doesn't work

You didn't have to sudo it beacuse it doesn't set a system-global flag. The net effect of telling ubuntu-report not to send reports is twofold,

It sends a report anyway. Admittedly, the opt-out version of the report just says {OptOut:true}, but it's still hitting the telemetry server, leaking your IP and HTTP headers.
It saves your preference in your home folder, e.g. /home/yournamehere/.cache/ubuntu-report, which means every user on your system would need to run this command to stop the machine from phoning home.

What to do instead

Install offline, or block access to metrics.ubuntu.com and popcon.ubuntu.com on your router.
Remove the spyware using apt purge:

sudo apt purge ubuntu-report popularity-contest apport whoopsie

Further reading

ubuntu-devel mailing list thread where ubuntu-report was first proposed

Questions on here:

What is the Whoopsie process and how can I remove it?
Removing popularity-contest without trashing the system?
How can I permanently disable apport?

Source code

ubuntu-report
apport
whoopsie
popularity contest

Docker users rejoice

As of 30 April 2018, the ubuntu:bionic docker image at the docker hub does not include any of this stuff.

PSA

The price of freedom is eternal vigilance.


It was probably sudo apt-get install -f if you were using this install of 13.04 since beta you will need to run sudo apt-get autoremove --purge


Ubuntu 18.04 installation is stuck on the Installation type screen

drive not 'seen' -> disable RAID HD in the bios


Three identical WiFi cards but Linux driver only loads reliably for one of them?

Just in case anybody else comes across a similar issue. There are three main causes for this.

Bad drivers
Bad firmware
Bad hardware

Ours came from bad hardware where the pcie power bring up time was too slow for the wifi cards.


How to recover data from a USB drive that appears empty in Ubuntu?

You can also try foremost

Here is how to install it.

sudo apt-get install foremost

You can learn how to use it with this command

man foremost

Or, here is how to use it.

Assume that your USB drive is /dev/sdc. You change it according to yours.

Then make a folder where you want to recover your files.

After that run the below command to try to recover most of the file formats. Remember to replace the_path_to_where_to_recover with the actual path to the folder you created.

sudo foremost -i /dev/sdc -o /the_path_to_where_to_recover

Let it run and do another thing, because it will take sometime before it is finished. You can check what files have been recovered by going to the folder you created to save files.


How to use Alt+Shift to switch keyboard layouts?

A confirmed bug in Ubuntu 13.10 prevents users from switching layouts using combinations like Alt+Shift, Caps Lock, Ctrl+Shift etc.

The bug affects many people, its importance is set to "High", so we may expect that an official fix will be released soon. You can subscribe to notifications about this bug on launchpad.net, so that you receive an email when it's done.

Currently, a patch aimed at resolving this issue is being tested. By now it seems to work for most users, though certain problems remain. To install the patch, use the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:attente/modifier-only-input-switch
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

A system reboot was needed in my case to make it work (simple log out and log in may be sufficient).

Note: Originally, the patch was located at ppa:attente/1218322. If you have previously installed it from there, you can first purge it as follows

sudo ppa-purge ppa:attente/1218322

and then execute the three commands above.

Alternatively, you may consider using a combination containing a non-modifier key (a letter, digit, space): try, for instance, Alt+Shift+Space (this will work without installing any patches).

Note that the keyboard shortcuts for switching layouts still do not work on lock screen (it is a  separate bug). If you are stuck on lock screen and unable to enter the password because of the wrong layout, simply click the language indicator icon on the right of the password field.


Installing ndisgtk will solve your problem. It is a graphical frontend for NDISWrapper where you can add or remove drivers. I do not know the exact Broadcom chipset you have but if the components of the two is not relying on each other you can remove the 32-bit driver for sure.

I hope I could help :)


Ubuntu Server high processor and memory usage

Change in php.ini to:

max_execution_time = 300

max_input_time = 600

memory_limit = 256M

restart apache


Can I use a formatted external hard drive on Windows?

Yes you can use it later provided that the file system is FAT32. I have tried three file systems including NTFS and I was only able to access the drive on Xubuntu, Windows 10 and Hisense TV using FAT32.

HTH


Will Ubuntu run on a System with ASUS P8Z77-V DELUXE Motherboard

I'd try to run it from the install DVD, don't install it but run Ubuntu directly from the DVD and see if it works. I can't guarantee thought that there won't be a difference between running from the DVD or installed from an HDD/SSD. I have a similar board P8Z77-V Pro and it runs great from the DVD, haven't installed Ubuntu on this machine yet though.


Double-click on .sh file to open terminal and execute series of commands in it?

gnome-terminal -e command

or

terminal -e command

See Here for details:
How can I make a script that opens terminal windows and executes commands in them?

Also of interest: How do I run executable scripts in Nautilus?

And some creativity with passing multiple commands: Passing multiple commands to gnome-terminal from a script


How to remove CD/DVD image from Virtual Media Manager in Virtualbox?

That entry is not a problem. If you want to remove it, then place the CD/DVD-image in the exact same location it was originally loaded from, load the virtual HDD, unmount it from the Virtualization, then turn off the virtual HDD and remove from the list, and then delete the DVD-image file.


Bus 001 Device 003: ID 13b1:003a Linksys AE2500 802.11abgn Wireless Adapter [Broadcom BCM43236] driver

The device only works with ndiswrapper. With a temporary working interet connection by ethernet or any other means, open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get install ndiswrapper-common ndiswrapper-utils-1.9

Download the driver file to your desktop here: http://downloads.linksys.com/downloads/driver/AE2500xp_WHQL,0.zip Right-click it and select 'Extract Here.'

Find out if you need the 32- or 64-bit files:

arch

64-bit returns x86_64. If yours is a 64-bit system, you will need to make an edit to the driver file. Open "bcmwlhigh5.inf" in gedit or any text editor and add this line, around line 170:

[Linksys_AE2500.files.NTamd64]
  AE2500xp64.sys,,,6

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor. Now do:

cd ~/Desktop/xp
sudo ndiswrapper -i bcmwlhigh5.inf
sudo ndiswrapper -ma
sudo depmod -a

Reboot. If the wireless is not working, see if you can see any problems:

ndiswrapper -l

That's a lower-case L for 'list,' not the number 1. Also:

dmesg | grep ndis


Toshiba Tecra A8 without audio with Ubuntu 14.04 Bug alsa

SoundTroubleshootingProcedure

Step 9

If you are using a dual boot system (even with Windows and Ubuntu installed on separate partitions), then make sure to set the sound volume in Windows to a high level before booting into Ubuntu. Also make sure to use the special function keys in Windows to make sure the loudspeakers are physically switched ON and working properly in Windows before installing and testing Ubuntu. This step is necessary with certain Toshiba Tecra laptops.


Markdown, LaTeX combined in WYSIWYG editor. Is there any?

Lyx comes to mind. It's technically a LaTeX editor, so it's maybe a bit more complicated than you're looking for. But it is basically WYSIWYG, and supports LaTeX. I don't know of any other document editors that do that.


Where is the tool for password encryption in 12.04?

I am posting it from here ,and here with some screen-shots..

Now from the Dash search Bar , Either type Seahorse or Password and Keys and click to launch it.

Creating the key in Ubuntu

Step 1  To create new key , press Ctrl+N or the + button as shown in image. It will list keys if already added.

Step 2 Select the PGP key option and continue.

Step 3 You will be asked to Enter details as in Image , add the Details seriously as Email Address you used for Launchpad . Keep the Encryption type RSA by default , and Expiration date to Never Expires ( you can change it anytime from the Step 4 menu).

After filling the fields , the Create Button will be Active and will take you to this image, showing the progress of Generating Key .

Step 4 After creating the key it will be listed in Step 1 Image , right click to properties , it will bring up image like this , showing the generated Key and Other Information

Step 5 Now you need to SYNC your key to Ubuntu keyserver , for that select the key as in Step 1 and from Menu bar ,select  Remote >> Sync and Publish Keys. Which will show this image. By default in Ubuntu keyservers are already present , you don't need to add anything , just select thee SYNC option to sync with keyservers.

It can take up to thirty minutes before your key is available to Launchpad (so it is advised to wait). After that time, you're ready to import key into into Launchpad.

Now to Import the key in Launchpad , copy the Ten Blocks of Fingerprint from
Step 3 Select the Fingerprint text code (the ten blocks of numbers and letter). Copy the text by pressing the Ctrl+c keys together.

Or Alternately You can retrieve the key using the GPG command (yours will be different from below :D)

Open a terminal and enter:

gpg --fingerprint

GPG will display a message similar to:

pub 1024D/12345678 2007-01-26
Key fingerprint = 0464 39CD 2486 190A 2C5A 0739 0E68 04DC 16E7 CB72
Geoffrey Hayes (My OpenPGP key) <geoffrey@bungle.com>
sub 2048g/ABCDEF12 2007-01-26

Highlight and copy only the numeric fingerprint: 0464 39CD 2486 190A 2C5A 0739 0E68 04DC 16E7 CB72 in the example above. And paste it to Import an OpenPGP key option in your Launchpad account.

Launchpad will send e-mail to you  with instructions on finishing the process.

Hope this helps.


How to enable wireless in a Fujitsu LH532?

Please download RT3290 PCIe here:  http://www.ralinktech.com/en/04_support/support.php?sn=501 Right-click it and rename it from 2012_RT3290.xx.bz2 to 2012_RT3290.xx.tar.bz2. Then right-click it and select Extract Here. Open the folder that is created and go to os/linux and open the file config.mk with a text editor. Change HAS_NATIVE_WPA_SUPPLICANT_SUPPORT=n to HAS_NATIVE_WPA_SUPPLICANT_SUPPORT=y. Save and close the text editor. Now, with a temporary wired ethernet connection, open a terminal and do:

sudo su
apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential
cd Desktop/2012_RT3

Press Tab and the remainder will fill in automatically. Press Enter. Then do:

make
make install
modprobe rt3290sta
exit

Your wireless should now be working.


vncserver won't run in a shell script executed with sudo

You can use sudo -u to revert to the non-root user for a particular command.

Ex.:

$ cat myscript.sh
#!/bin/sh

whoami

sudo -u $SUDO_USER whoami

then

$ sudo ./myscript.sh
[sudo] password for steeldriver:
root
steeldriver


Updating server OS, installation and internet connectivity issues in using Ubuntu Server

Your netplan file specifies an address that belongs to the loopback interface; it's already in use. You failed to specify a gateway or DNS nameservers,

I suggest that you amend the netplan yaml file to something like:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp0s31f6:
      addresses:
        - 192.168.10.102/24
      gateway4: 192.168.10.1
      nameservers:
          search: [mydomain,otherdomain]
          addresses: [192.168.10.1, 8.8.8.8]

Of course, susbstitute the details matching the network to which you are connected. Spacing and indentation are crucial and must be perfect; proofread carefully twice.Follow with:

sudo netplan generate
sudo netplan apply

After a reboot, your ethernet should be connected.


How to run different profiles using bash or shell script in ubuntu?

I don't grok batch, but guessing at the meaning the bash equivalent would look like:

for n in {1..10}
do
    /opt/firefox/firefox -P user$n -no-remote imacros://run/?m=we.js ping 192.168.1.1 -n 1 -w 1500 &> /dev/null &
done

{n..m} is the sequence form of brace expansion in bash. You could also use a C-style for loop:

for ((n = 1; n <= 10; n++))
do
...
done

$n is how you get the value of variable n.
&> /dev/null redirects both error and normal output to the /dev/null special device, effectively discarding them
the & by itself sends the command to the background, so the script no longer waits for the command to finish before continuing to the next command.

Your Firefox profiles are likely in ~/.mozilla/firefox/.

(Is that ping really part of Firefox's arguments?)


how to move uinity launcher to the bottom ,help with step by step procedure?

Unfortunately, there is no official way to do this and the tweak someone made for this was dangerous and hasn't been updated since 12.04. If you want, though, you could install the Kubuntu Desktop Environment, which is very much like Windows and has much more customizability, like multiple panels(launchers). Get it by running (in a terminal) sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop. Once it installs, log out, click the round icon to the right above the password field and select KDE.


I can't install Ubuntu. The error is : speech-dispatcher disabled

This is probably unrelated to speech-dispatcher; it's most likely that that's simply the last message you saw before the GUI loaded and failed to display. However, if what you've described is occurring after you've started the installation process and not during boot, please edit your question to indicate this. And if this answer doesn't fix your problem, please edit your question to describe exactly what steps you are following to install and everything that happens in response.

First, you should MD5 test the .iso image you downloaded. If that doesn't check out, you'll have to redownload it and start over. Assuming that does check out, go ahead and test your installation media for defects. If that reveals a problem, then you'll have to burn the CD or write the USB flash drive over again.

If both of those tests show no errors, try setting the nomodeset boot option.


Ubuntu 17.10 - Route complete TLD (*.dev for example) to 127.0.0.1

Instead of dnsmasq I went by editing sudo nano ./hosts.

Inside the file add a line similar to this

  127.0.0.1 foo.dev

That's it, save the file and enjoy.


You could try opening it in Google Drive or another online application.  There isn't any official office app for the Ubuntu phone yet.
Edit:
I just ran across this answer to a related question - So take heart, it may be coming soon...
Office suite on Ubuntu Phone?


Really disable touchpad over the button region

I'm not sure there is a technical solution to your problem. If it were me, I'd probably just plug in a mouse, turn the touch pad off, and call it a day.

Non-technical solution

When you can't find a software based solution, shift gears. Try getting some card stock or something. Heavier than printer paper and lighter than cardboard. Figure out how many layers you're going to need. Cut out just enough to cover the buttons on the touch pad button area and fix it to the  touch pad with a little hot glue or something else that will be easy to remove later.

It may not be pretty, but your buttons won't be touch sensitive anymore, and you'll still be able to push on them to left- and right-click.


Why is cp -ax /media/hdd /media/ssd creating a hhd folder in media/ssd instead of copying files there?

The cp way

The command:

sudo cp -ax /media/hdd/ /media/ssd/

copies the folder hdd, the command:

sudo cp -ax /media/hdd/* /media/ssd/

copies the files and sub-folders of the folder hdd.

Use:

shopt -s dotglob

for considering dot files.

The rsync way

rsync -az -H --delete --numeric-ids /media/hdd/ /media/ssd/


We can use the Printers Shell Extension. It's not quite the same, but it seems OK.


An official guide has been posted to port it.

So if your phone support minimum configuration & CM10 build available for it, then you can port it. Now most of the Xperia devices have problem with the amount of internal memory. If your devices has at least 4GB internal memory (not only intenal memory, you need to specifically check the amount of /system patition) you can proceed. Also check, related XDA forum to know about developments (if any)

various Devs are working on porting, you can check the list from here https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Devices

Currently, only Xperia S & T are listed.

Now you are asking about mixing CM9 with CM10. I don't know whether it is impossible. It may be possible, but will be damn difficult for sure. CM9 to CM10 is not just about replacing files. I would suggest to go to CM forum about this question. The question has nothing to do with ubuntu.

Ubuntu only uses the base drivers & io level code of CM10, so that developers can use existing drivers (which are proprietary).


Help! WiFi problems with Ubuntu. (Full logs)

Have you tryed enter this in the terminal it might work:

  rfkill unblock soft
  rfkill unblock hard
  lsmod wlan0
  lsusb -s  udevadm

and then scan for Google whit nmap if it is installed type this in the terminal:

 nmap -v -A Google.com

and it might work fine this way.


Ubuntu fails to install everytime while installing the grub can anyome shed some light?

boot up 18.04 using USB memory stick and pick option Try first ... once booted launch gparted and view all partitions ... each OS gets its own partition ... on partition you wish to destroy and replace with new install right click on that partion ... choose format ext 4  and also choose to mount that partition at / then commit that change hitting green checkmark in gparted

You can also do above while answering questions during a normal install ... when it asks to install along side etc hit Advanced option at bottom then do above steps

This will install your new OS ... once install finishes and you reboot this freshly installed OS will be the new default OS at grub menu so just hit enter

Enjoy !!!


Inkscape 0.92.2 (snap) has not numpy.linalg modules installed

I think the solution is to install Inkscape from official repository (as traditional stable deb-package):

sudo apt-get install inkscape

Even 16.04 LTS has 0.91-7ubuntu2, on artful you will get 0.92.2-1build1.

If you really need 0.92.2 on for example 16.04 LTS you can add Inkscape Stable PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:inkscape.dev/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install inkscape

And it would great if you report bug to inkscape's snap maintainers/developers.


Make UbuntuStudio look like regular Ubuntu(I wanted the kernal not the desktop)

You can install ubuntu DE with this command:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop^


What is the difference between ~/.config/autostart and ~/.config/autostart-scripts?

The autostart directory is a part of the freedesktop.org/XDG Desktop Application Autostart Specification. Per that spec, a compliant desktop environment will search $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/autostart for any .desktop files and execute them on startup. KDE Plasma 5 (the DE used in Kubuntu), specifically, complies with this spec.

The autostart-scripts directory doesn't appear to be a part of any standard. It's a hardcoded directory that Plasma searches for executable scripts (that is, actual executable files, not readable .desktop files) and likewise executes them on startup.

As was said in Sergiy's answer, you can create the autostart directory if you so choose, but it's entirely optional.

For example, on my system, I use a .desktop file, ~/.config/autostart/xrdb.desktop, to load my X resource settings (urxvt settings/colorschemes, mostly):

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=X resources loader
Exec=xrdb -merge .Xresources
Comment=Load X resource files on startup of DE

It follows that the command xrdb -merge .Xresources is executed upon startup of KDE Plasma 5, and so my settings are loaded.

Also, this .desktop file shows up in the Plasma settings like so, which would be how I could graphically configure other .desktop entries to be auto-started:


Screen areas get blurry with Nvidia driver

I have the identical setup referenced.

I had this blurring problem and traced it to enabling FXAA in Nvidia settings. Originally I enabled this feature out of curiosity and noticed no difference. I then forgot about it. Yesterday I applied available updates and suddenly this blurring problem presented. After much futile struggle, I recalled fiddling with the Nvidia settings and returned there. It says pretty plainly that enabling FXAA disables antialiasing, yet in my Kubuntu settings I had antialiasing enabled. For some reason just disabling FXAA did not restore expected behaviour -- I had to change the Application settings to Enhance, and then the blurring disappeared. It was then fine to go back to the default Application Settings.


Decrypt TrueCrypt containers using dm-crypt

Yes you can do that. I use an external harddrive and mount it on my Ubuntu installations with cryptsetup/dm-crypt. But you need to update your cryptsetup packages to version 1.6 to get this functionality. I used this PPA on older Ubuntu releases.

Mounting a container is no different from mounting an encrypted partition as one would expect:

$ sudo cryptsetup tcryptOpen testcontainer.tc testcontainer

Now a new disk shows up in Nautilus or the launcher and you can mount it via Nautilus or terminal if you like. I mounted the container via Nautilus.

$ mount | grep testcontainer
/dev/mapper/testcontainer on /media/livewire/F29F-27D2 type vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,uid=1000,gid=1000,shortname=mixed,dmask=0077,utf8=1,showexec,flush,uhelper=udisks2)

Don't forget to unmount the filesystem and the container itself after unmounting the filesystem:

$ sudo cryptsetup tcryptClose /dev/mapper/testcontainer

While a GUI only solution to mount such containers and partitions the same way you can mount LUKS partitions would be more comfortable, it is currently not possible as it seems.

Automounting via pam_mount also seems to be not possible at the moment.


BEFORE YOU DO ANYTHING ELSE, turn off the machine (using the hard power switch, not by shutting it down) containing the hard drive which you want to recover data from, and do not turn it back on again until you know what you are doing. Any OS or software you run from that hard drive has the potential to further corrupt your data while it runs.

Whether or not any of the data is recoverable will depend on a number of factors. Essentially it boils down to, (a) where on the hard drive the data is stored, and (b) whether or not the Ubuntu installation process (and anything you ran subsequently) overwrote that data with new data.

There is plenty of software out there which is designed for recovering lost data. However, because you said that the data is extremely important and because of your lack of experience (which I'm assuming, due to the fact that you thought "erase disk" would preserve partitions), I would suggest that you don't attempt any data recovery yourself and instead contact a specialist data recovery company. Get a quote, and decide whether or not the cost is justified by the value to you of your data.

If you do decide to attempt data recovery yourself, do not do so using any OS or software running on the drive itself. Ideally you want to mount the drive in read only mode in a OS running from some other medium (e.g. CD, second hard drive, USB drive, etc.).

Click here for a list of data recovery software, and in particular a list of live distributions that are geared towards data recovery.


What is to be done with all the sources disabled on upgrade?

You have a lot of external repositories enabled. All external repositories are being disabled in the upgrade1 process to avoid conflicts and you were probably warned about this by the upgrade manager.

There's no simple "yes, enable them all" or "no, don't do it" advice to give here. And this is the reason why the upgrade manager left you to fix it manually.

After a successful upgrade, check for the availability of packages for 12.10 in the entries and re-enable them in case you still want to use them2. Make sure to select the right release channel, e.g. quantal for PPAs. The upgrade manager has already replaced precise with quantal for you in this case I assume.

Some external ones with a less specific release channel like stable might need adjustments if they are relying on precise shared library versions. From the screenshot I see just Chrome and Opera, these will probably just work by enabling without modifications. I also see some karmic there still... this might be broken for a longer period of time.

1 Irrelevant whether repositories providing packages for the new release. You'll have to fix it up manually.
2 PPAs are frequently used 1) to fix bugs not in Ubuntu main yet at the time 2) to provide software not included in Ubuntu main archives. This may not be relevant anymore in the new release.


MySQL max_connections of Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

To manage a connection , you need a file descriptor .

The max-connections will be constraint by the max open files .

So check the value of open_files_limit

show global variables like '%open_files_limit%'  ;

To change the value of open_files_limit to 20000 by example you must

1) run the command systemctl edit mysql and this

[Service]
LimitNOFILE=20000

2) systemctl stop mysql

3) systemctl start mysql


The apps you are trying to install are 64-bit applications but you use a 32-bit OS, that's the reason why you can't install them. Your machine should be able to run 64-bit-OS though.


Are Discrete Graphic Cards needed to run Unity 3D?

Most of the Motherboard comes with inbuilt Graphics Module, minimum though but enough to run Ubuntu / Linux based system. You mentioned slower system performance , it would be mostly due to RAM (DDR 1st version) as mentioned..

To check if your system supports Unity 3D run

 /usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p

If result is positive , then continue with RAM upgrading , it will perform better for sure.

If you want more smoother performance consider Lubuntu or Xubuntu for less resource hungry Desktop Environment.


I create the following file called prochot.sh and put it under /usr/local/bin/.

#!/bin/bash

modprobe msr

lcase="$(rdmsr 0x1FC)"  # the default output is in base 16 without 0x and character is in lower case
declare -i ID
ID=`echo "ibase=16; ${lcase^^}" | bc`  # switch to upper case and then convert to base 10.
#echo $ID
if [ $((ID%2)) == 0 ]; then
    echo "turn on PROCHOT"
    ID=ID+1
else
    echo "turn off PROCHOT"
    ID=ID-1
fi

wrmsr 0x1FC $ID

Grant it the execute permission with

sudo chmod +x prochot.sh

Then, I can turn off or on BD PROCHOT with

sudo prochot.sh


Text inside files has squares with numbers in it

The boxes mean "glyph not found"; the characters in the box are hexidecimal representations of the codepoint, in unicode.

There are two possibilities: the character encoding is garbled, or the font you are using doesn't have a glyph for that character. This is a great overview character encoding if you really want to understand it: http://trochee.net/2011/05/character-encoding-tutorial/

Curiously, U+001F and U+001D are really just glorified line breaks. It seems odd that OCR would return those.


I would suggest you create a desktop launch icon for the file. Here is how:

Make sure your file is an executable, e.g. chmod 755 myScript.sh
Create a file on your desktop called myscript.desktop. The .desktop extension is important.
Open the file in your favorite text editor and append the following text:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=myScript
Comment=Some Comment
TryExec=/path/to/the/script
Exec=/path/to/the/script
Icon=/path/to/icon/if/you/wish
Categories=Multimedia;
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true

Now, right click on the file -> Properties -> Permissions: Check Execute: Allow executing file as program.

Now, you would have a launcher on your desktop with an icon and everything. If you want Unity Dash to find it, just drop a copy of the file in /usr/share/applications/


Give access to only specific directory for a sudo user

What you're asking for is essentially known as a jail, wherein a user is confined to a certain subset of the system (like say, the home folder). Fortunately, users on Linux already have a home folder setup, so you can just use this jail.

Now, setting up a jail is a complicated matter, and is out of the scope of this question.

Now, assuming you have a working jail, you can just bind the proper folder to the user home:

mount --bind /var/www/username /home/username/www

Although, this honestly is not a good option. If you're just hosting a user, allow them to connect over FTP and just jail them to their "home" (the folder they have admin to). There is no need for them to have a shell on your server.

The question you linked has a very good concept of how to jail users, but it only works with FTP and derivatives, not with raw SSH itself. And, as I mentioned before, running raw SSH is a really bad idea.

Finally, it seems as though you're acting as a web host. Why not just use a control panel like Froxlor? It takes care of most of the heavy lifting for you, and allows you to set quotas and other things that may be of interest. Plus it manages FTP jails and similar automatically for you, allowing you to bypass the headache that is jailing.


How can I use ldap authentication with full disk encryption?

Solution 1: Using a crypttab script to query LDAP

Full-disk encryption needs the key before the user authenticates. For that reason, you need to write/find a script that gets executed by crypttab when you use default Ubuntu full-disk encryption. A very simple example (without LDAP) can be found here. An example LDAP authentication python script can be found here. If you require multiple users to use the machine, you will have to get creative to see how the LDAP authentication will provide the same disk key all the time (e.g. multiple encrypted copies of the key locally, decrypt with user password?).

Solution 2: mapping the files/direction to an encrypted home directory

If I understand you correctly, you need a solution which essentially extends an encrypted home directory with a couple of other locations that are accessed by software run by the user. You can then use standard LDAP authentication to do the initial user login.

Solution 2a: using ln -s

ln -s create symbolic links. If you only plan on having a static setup where the same one user uses the machine all the time, this setup could work. Use ln -s to redirect the files/folders that the software is writing to (redirect to the encrypted home directory). Or simply try to find out if you can re-condigure (through re-compilation?) the output dir of the software.

Solution 2b: using loopfs

The last solution is similar to encrypted home directories: use loop-back file systems stored in the home directory of the user, and encrypt the home directory. If you know exactly where your sofware stores the data, you can write a script to mount the loopback filesystems to those locations. I will sketch out a solution now, you can adapt it to your specific needs then.

For example, lets assume your software needs to store sensitive data at /opt/foo. I assume that /opt/foo is currently empty. I am not 100% sure about the current ubuntu way to do this, but essentially you need to:

create an empty file of appropriate size with dd, lets call that one myLoopFS

use losetup /dev/loop0 yourfile or similar to connect your file to the loopback device (like /dev/loop0). You could even encrypt that file with losetup -e AES, but that is not needed as it will be stored in the encrypted home directory.

Then format /dev/loop0 with ext4.

Then mount it at /opt/foo when the user logs in.

Software then writes to the /dev/loop0, which goes into your myLoopFS file.

Make sure that /dev/loop0 is unmounted again when the user logs out.

That system should meed your requirements, unless your software is writing sensitive data all over the place.

Summary

I did not find a ready-made software to solve your problem, but is seems easy enough to solve with default linux tools like ln -s, losetup, or using crypttab scripts.


Run Incron Daemon as Normal User Rather Than as Root

It turns out this question is moot.  Incron (and inotify) need to run as root, but even if it were not the case, FUSE also does not provide for monitoring of filesystem events.  It is apparently possible, but the developers have labeled it a "won't fix.".


How to get an image viewer with JPEG 2000 support?

I stumbled upon the package geeqie while checking the reverse dependencies of the package libopenjp2-7 on Ubuntu 20.10.
Unfortunately in Ubuntu 20.04 Geeqie does not depend on this package and therefor will not support jp2-files.
But you can try to install newer version of Geeqie, here you'll find detailed information about how to do that.
Alternatively you could try to manually download and install the packages geeqie and geeqie-common from the 20.10-repository.


How to reload Gnome Shell Theme via a command?

This may be a bit late, but just for future reference:

gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell --object-path /org/gnome/Shell --method org.gnome.Shell.Eval 'Main.loadTheme();'

(tested on 3.6/3.8)


Is this apt vulnerability (CVE-2019-3462) a security concern for Ubuntu users?

I opened a link you provided to grab the CVE number, then looked using a search engine for details

https://people.canonical.com/~ubuntu-security/cve/2019/CVE-2019-3462.html

> Ubuntu 12.04 ESM (Precise Pangolin):    released
> (0.8.16~exp12ubuntu10.28)
> Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr): released
> (1.0.1ubuntu2.19) Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus):  released
> (1.2.29ubuntu0.1) Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver): released
> (1.6.6ubuntu0.1) Ubuntu 18.10 (Cosmic Cuttlefish):  released
> (1.7.0ubuntu0.1) Ubuntu 19.04 (Disco Dingo):    released (1.8.0~alpha3.1)

As long as you have the packages listed as containing the fix you'll be fine.  For more details, check Ubuntu security notes.


Is it a problem to temporarily have the same UUID for two partitions?

Some system tools refer to partitions by UUID numbers. This is common in /etc/fstab, for instance; partitions are identified for mounting by their UUID numbers rather than in some other way. Thus, duplicate UUID numbers can cause confusion and inconsistency -- on one boot, one partition might be mounted; but on another mount, the other partition might be mounted. This could create problems if files on that partition are changed, as is likely on most partitions.

You can learn what UUID a partition uses via the blkid command:

$ sudo blkid /dev/sdc3
/dev/sdc3: UUID="5028fa50-0079-4c40-b240-abfaf28693ea" TYPE="ext4" PARTLABEL="Xubuntu /boot" PARTUUID="74ed9e82-2e96-4a12-89e0-e0563c296a08"

This example reveals that /dev/sdc3 has a UUID of 5028fa50-0079-4c40-b240-abfaf28693ea.

You can change a UUID with various filesystem-specific tools. For ext2/3/4fs, this tool is called tune2fs, and you pass it the -U option to change a UUID. You will, however, need a new UUID, and you can generate this with the uuidgen tool, which you can call as part of the call to tune2fs:

$ sudo tune2fs -U $(uuidgen) /dev/sdc3

You'd need to change the device ID (/dev/sdc3 in this example) for your system, of course.

If your partition uses a filesystem other than ext2/3/4fs, you'll need to use a tool other than tune2fs, such as xfs_admin for XFS or btrfstune for Btrfs.

If the partition is being mounted in /etc/fstab, identified by UUID in a grub.cfg file, or otherwise referenced, you may need to adjust that configuration file after making your change.


404 Error from xenial-security main amd64 packages only, why could this be occurring?

Its a bit big for a comment, so I put it into an answer. Might be a hint for your troubleshooting.

Some times apt errors messages are not very helpful and can be quite misleading.

Those messages often come after a long list of 'sucessful' output lines. I get "No release file" usually when I had disconnected the network. Very often the outputs before were not taken from the network at all, so it is possible that a very later error tells you "unkown address".

Err:30 http://ddebs.ubuntu.com xenial-security/main amd64 Packages
404  Not Found
W: The repository 'http://ddebs.ubuntu.com xenial-security Release' does not have
a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially
dangerous to use.

Best thing is to check the address with a browser. In your case you seem to have determined that the address is not valid. This would match perfectly with the error messages.

Please note that not only /etc/apt/sources.list contains links to repositories, but also any file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/.. You might have a file in there that links to 'ddebs.ubuntu.com'. If so, just delete it.

Also it seems that Update cancels any update operation as long as there is still any error message left. So I usually comment out every line in the sources.list file until I have no errors, when work my way forward again to find out which line causes the trouble. In my case its usually typos or bad PPAs. Once you have the exact line, its often not too difficult to check the path/address or see if there is trouble with some key or else.

Also I had good experiences with adding my target architecture explicitly in the sources.list file, e.t.

deb [arch=amd64] http://ddebs.ubuntu.com/.... xenial-security main

Hope it helps.

PS: save you some typing and use "sudo apt update". There is no need to use 'apt-get' for the update command.


Do I have to run apt-get remove package_name before apt-get purge package_name?

Running the remove command will retain some of the configuration files in case you want to reinstall the package in the future.

If you want to completely remove a package and the configuration files, you can run the purge command alone. However, as pointed out by @blueskies, the purge command will not delete any data or configuration stored in your home directory.

Yes, the latter would be enough.


Corrupted Hard Drive or OS? How to recover my files?

I've had pretty good luck with ddrescue in the past, though it can take quite a long time to run (possibly a few days, depending on the size of the disk and how many errors it encounters). It's better to abort your current fsck and avoid doing any more damage to the disk. Use ddrescue to copy it over somewhere else, and then run fsck against that copy, and you'll probably have better luck.


I think there is some program/script on your computer changing the current window manager. When the windows don't wobbly anymore, open a terminal and try compiz --replace. If that works, you've to find what is changing the window manager and keep it from replacing it.


How do I install the Intel Graphics driver in my system?

The Intel graphics driver is part of the xserver-xorg-video-intel driver package, which is installed on all Ubuntu systems by default. And since it isn't a proprietary driver package, it doesn't show up in jockey (aka the Hardware Drivers application).

Just to ensure it didn't get removed by mistake (very slim possibility), just run this command:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-intel

If the driver is installed, and you're still having issues with graphics on your desktop, then please file a bug report against the xorg package, using this terminal command:

apport-bug xorg


Screen Display
To change screen resolution in Ubuntu, go to Settings/Screen Display. You will find a drop down to adjust Resolution.


Note this is not a app but a script can be made if the process works on your pc

Open your terminal and enter this command.

xrandr -q | grep " connected"

My output is:
DVI-I-0 connected primary 1280x1024+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 376mm x 301mm

Copy the value that comes before "connected".
In my case as you can see its "DVI-I-0" Yours might me something else.

Now try this command replacing "DVI-I-0" with the value you got from the previous command.

xrandr --output DVI-I-0 --gamma 0.5:0.5:0.5

xrandr --output your_value --gamma 0.5:0.5:0.5

The last three decimal values separated by colon sets the gamma value.
The values have a range from 1.0:1.0:1.0 to 0.0:0.0:0.0
Default is 1.0:1.0:1.0

Note:: I use xrandr to set brightness on my display. It will sometimes reset to the default value, sometimes during a program launch. So I use a script with a desktop shortcut for convenience.


I just don't get byobu's keybindings systems, or?

Byobu's keybindings are guaranteed to work perfectly in Ubuntu with gnome-terminal.

Other terminals in Ubuntu, like Terminator, xterm, konsole, etc, should work fairly well, but might lack some features only found in gnome-terminal.

Other OSes (Windows, Mac), and with other terminals (iTerm2, Putty) are very difficult to support, and may or may not work well.

You can find a ~10 minute long "getting started" video at https://www.byobu.org/ which will walk you through the most common Byobu workflows and keybindings.

Also, you can press Shift-F1 any time in Byobu to bring up a screen of key binding hints.  I'll copy and paste those here for you, in case Shift-F1 isn't working for you:

Byobu is a suite of enhancements to tmux, as a command line
tool providing live system status, dynamic window management,
and some convenient keybindings:

  F1                             * Used by X11 *
    Shift-F1                     Display this help
  F2                             Create a new window
    Shift-F2                     Create a horizontal split
    Ctrl-F2                      Create a vertical split
    Ctrl-Shift-F2                Create a new session
  F3/F4                          Move focus among windows
    Alt-Left/Right               Move focus among windows
    Alt-Up/Down                  Move focus among sessions
    Shift-Left/Right/Up/Down     Move focus among splits
    Shift-F3/F4                  Move focus among splits
    Ctrl-F3/F4                   Move a split
    Ctrl-Shift-F3/F4             Move a window
    Shift-Alt-Left/Right/Up/Down Resize a split
  F5                             Reload profile, refresh status
    Alt-F5                       Toggle UTF-8 support, refresh status
    Shift-F5                     Toggle through status lines
    Ctrl-F5                      Reconnect ssh/gpg/dbus sockets
    Ctrl-Shift-F5                Change status bar's color randomly
  F6                             Detach session and then logout
    Shift-F6                     Detach session and do not logout
    Alt-F6                       Detach all clients but yourself
    Ctrl-F6                      Kill split in focus
  F7                             Enter scrollback history
    Alt-PageUp/PageDown          Enter and move through scrollback
    Shift-F7                     Save history to $BYOBU_RUN_DIR/printscreen
  F8                             Rename the current window
    Ctrl-F8                      Rename the current session
    Shift-F8                     Toggle through split arrangements
    Alt-Shift-F8                 Restore a split-pane layout
    Ctrl-Shift-F8                Save the current split-pane layout
  F9                             Launch byobu-config window
    Ctrl-F9                      Enter command and run in all windows
    Shift-F9                     Enter command and run in all splits
    Alt-F9                       Toggle sending keyboard input to all splits
  F10                            * Used by X11 *
  F11                            * Used by X11 *
    Alt-F11                      Expand split to a full window
    Shift-F11                    Zoom into a split, zoom out of a split
    Ctrl-F11                     Join window into a vertical split
  F12                            Escape sequence
    Shift-F12                    Toggle on/off Byobu's keybindings
    Alt-F12                      Toggle on/off Byobu's mouse support
    Ctrl-Shift-F12               Mondrian squares
/usr/share/doc/byobu/help.tmux.txt (END)

Full disclosure: I am the author and maintainer of Byobu.


You need to change with ati's propierty settings tool. It is on your settings menu.


Google Chrome Opens from Terminal But Not Bash Script

You start a script with the full path or the relative path.

Full path would be for you:

/home/devel1/.pki/browserinit.sh

Relative would be depending from where you want to start, assuming you are in the directory of the script:

./browserinit.sh

Like others said, do not run a browser ever as root since that allows any script run inside a website you open to alter your whole filesystem if it wishes to do so. It's just not secure. Also it destroys your home files permissions, which makes them not accessible without root rights anymore, since everything newly created will now be owned by root.

Like I wrote in the comment section. As soon you have "sudo" rights you DO have true root access.


Why are lines with man and news underlined in the terminal?

This is isn't less doing this, it's gnome-terminal parsing the line as a protocol URI.

It seems gnome-terminal has a particularly broad array of "supported" protocols and in these two cases (man and news) you're being incorrectly linked to manpages and NNTP news sites.

I'm fairly sure this is just a bug (the URL is clearly malformed) and other terminal emulators (Terminator and Konsole tested) don't capture /etc/passwd lines. However they do parse valid news:// links. There are many protocols like this.

And (otherwise off-topic) less can take a filename; You don't need to redirect into it.
That is to say less /etc/passwd works fine.


Window control buttons order problem while they are in left

I think the rationale behind this is the following:
"minimise and maximise buttons should be arranged left to right and the close button should always be at the end of the title bar."

Note that both "close, minimise and maximise in left" and "minimise, maximise and close in right" follow this "rule".

(image source: an UbuntuHandbook article)

If you want the "close, maximise and minimise" order in left, then open Terminal and run the following command.

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences button-layout 'close,maximize,minimize:'


XUbuntu 13.04 can't delete icons from desktop

Run this command, press [Alt]+[F2] then enter this:
thunar --daemon
that should have been running once you logged in, check your startup-applications


Ubuntu 14.04 won-t pass login screen after update and terminal won't accept password

I think you should try instructions in the link,
Try to change password from recovery mode and then login using new password...

Reset Password


The commands to install it from the directory it is saved:

cd ~/Downloads
unzip Steam-Big-Picture-Grub-Theme-master.zip
sudo -i
cd ~/Downloads/Steam-Big-Picture-Grub-Theme-master/
chmod 755 install.sh
./install.sh

(it requires root).

The install script will install files to a new directory "SteamBP" in one of these directories, in the 1st one it finds: /grub /boot/grub /boot/grub2 and the grub version on the system needs to be at least 1.98.

There are 3 settings in the install.sh you can edit prior to installing:

Theme_Name="SteamBP"
Theme_Definition_File="theme.txt"
Theme_Resolution="any"

The 1st notice that all is going well will be a question regarding the resolution if the last option is set to "any".

Proof:


You set timezone for country with daylight savings time. Today was winter time change at 3:00 local time to 2:00 local time. Try set correct timezone for your country, or switch off NTP syncronization.

To switch off:
System - Administration - Date and time, then press lock button, enter your password, and select Manual from dropdown box.


take a look at this site: CrazyCat

I also had no success with the package provided by tevii. But I found a solution with the package provided by CrazyCat. It works for me with kernel 3.8...

dmesg output:

    [ 4193.268177] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 3 using ehci-pci
[ 4193.400993] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=9022, idProduct=d662

[ 4193.401006] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3

[ 4193.401014] usb 1-1: Product: DVB-S/S2 Box

[ 4193.401023] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: Jactek

[ 4193.401033] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 000000031

[ 4194.326470] WARNING: You are using an experimental version of the media stack.

[ 4194.326470]  As the driver is backported to an older kernel, it doesn't offer

[ 4194.326470]  enough quality for its usage in production.

[ 4194.326470]  Use it with care.

[ 4194.326470] Latest git patches (needed if you report a bug to linux-media@vger.kernel.org):

[ 4194.326470]  6bf7861fa2bb4be3cc70a6e9aed664ce65270027 [media] si476x: Fix some config dependencies and a compile warnings

[ 4194.326470]  b0efc3ed0530b08e9e1cba5f63e9c251ca3d7428 [media] m920x: Fix uninitialized variable warning

[ 4194.326470]  46f85978687152c53a69fc06951e386f194e7f5d [media] em28xx: fix typo in scale_to_size()

[ 4194.354683] WARNING: You are using an experimental version of the media stack.

[ 4194.354683]  As the driver is backported to an older kernel, it doesn't offer

[ 4194.354683]  enough quality for its usage in production.

[ 4194.354683]  Use it with care.

[ 4194.354683] Latest git patches (needed if you report a bug to linux-media@vger.kernel.org):

[ 4194.354683]  6bf7861fa2bb4be3cc70a6e9aed664ce65270027 [media] si476x: Fix some config dependencies and a compile warnings

[ 4194.354683]  b0efc3ed0530b08e9e1cba5f63e9c251ca3d7428 [media] m920x: Fix uninitialized variable warning

[ 4194.354683]  46f85978687152c53a69fc06951e386f194e7f5d [media] em28xx: fix typo in scale_to_size()

[ 4194.393630] dw2102: su3000_identify_state

[ 4194.393630]

[ 4194.393644] dvb-usb: found a 'TeVii S662' in warm state.

[ 4194.393669] dw2102: su3000_power_ctrl: 1, initialized 0

[ 4194.393669]

[ 4194.397082] dvb-usb: will pass the complete MPEG2 transport stream to the software demuxer.

[ 4194.404158] DVB: registering new adapter (TeVii S662)

[ 4194.408725] 00 18 bd 5b 14 bb

[ 4194.408748] dvb-usb: MAC address: 00:18:bd:5b:14:bb

[ 4195.099311]  Chip ID != [DS300X]! Not supported by this module

[ 4195.107418]  Chip ID = [DS3103]!

[ 4195.107427] DS3103 chip version: 0.208 attached.

[ 4195.133442] dw2102: Attached DS3103/TS2022!

[ 4195.133442]

[ 4195.133475] usb 1-1: DVB: registering adapter 0 frontend 0 (Montage Technology DS3103/TS2022)...

[ 4195.134167] input: IR-receiver inside an USB DVB receiver as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb1/1-1/input/input11

[ 4195.136878] dvb-usb: schedule remote query interval to 250 msecs.

[ 4195.136897] dw2102: su3000_power_ctrl: 0, initialized 1

[ 4195.136897]

[ 4195.136907] dvb-usb: TeVii S662 successfully initialized and connected.

[ 4195.136997] usbcore: registered new interface driver dw2102


Appearance properties are in two locations:

Settings Manager -> Appearance (Gtk theme, icons, fonts)
Settings Manager -> Window Manager (Window manager (titlebar))

Let me know if this helps.


Unable to Disable Automatic Login on 13.10

I had this problem on my desktop after I had set on autologin and then set it off for myself.   Even though I set it off in the user settings box, it remained on and automatically logged my in without requiring a password.  I finally fixed it by locating and removing the following line in the /etc/group file:
   "nopasswdlogin:x:118:username"


How do I troubleshoot a "connection failed" error when using `apt-get install`?

That looks like 172.22.140.250 is your http proxy (it's in the private 172.16.0.0/12 address space) but for some reasons you can't connect to it.

Maybe your configuration or the proxy's configuration have changed since you downloaded the other packages or the proxy is not working any more.


battery from laptop does only work when power cord is plugged in

It certainly sounds like the battery is dead.  If the laptop won't power on at all until the AC is plugged in I'd blame the battery.


AMDGPU-Pro Secondary Monitor currently in-op. What do?

this is because you have a sea island card which has trouble with the new amdgpu pro beta driver. I had the same problem with my r9 390. In order for it to work you need to compile and install a newer kernel with CIK enabled. Even then you wont be able to totally install the driver because the ubuntu version of the driver only installs the dkms module with the stock ubuntu kernel. To get the pro driver working i had to use a different distro. I installed arch linux with a custom kernel 4.8 and enabled CIK in the menuconfig. then i used yaourt to install the driver and also had to implement a patch so i could use any desktop environment that uses a compositor. I know its a pain but its the only way i found to get the card working completely. Also the open source driver with mesa 12.1 might not be a bad option as well. Unfortunately anyone with the types of gpu is in limbo waiting for kernel 4.9.....


Touchpad drivers for XPS13 9343 / Kubuntu 18.04

Should be achieved installing xserver-xorg-input-synaptics. It's in universe.


How can I sync application between multiple computers?

Its very easy.

Go to the Software Center and and see the option of SYNC BETWEEN COMPUTERS option under the file menu.
As you click on it you will see your computer registered and a list of all apps on your computer
When you will install fresh,that computer will be considered a new computer.
You just have to sign in in your ubuntu account and your previous computer will be shown.
Click on it,you'll get a list of all apps.Select install on the app you want to install.

PS:For this you need a "SINGLE SIGN ON UBUNTU ACCOUNT"(b4 reinstalling create it so that your pc is syncd)


How to enable desktop effects on Ubuntu 10.04 after upgrade from Ubuntu 8.04?

Due to issues with GPU lockups when running OpenGL applications on i845 devices Ubuntu 10.04 (and 10.10 so far) has DRI completely disabled for this class of devices. Compiz (desktop effects) is failing to run due to a lack of hardware acceleration. You can follow bug 541492 on Launchpad to check for updates to this situation.


After more searching and experimenting with /etc/environment, I realize PAM authorization may have something to do with it.

I had the line UsePAM no in my /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
Revert it back to default which is UsePam yes and Ubuntu starts to pick up the changes in /etc/default/locale and /etc/environment again.
So the settings in /etc/default/locale actually worked.


Sounds like it could be a graphics card driver issue. You could try using updated drivers by adding the xswat ppa:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

If that fails to work, you may have to provide some more specific hardware information to help solve the problem - i.e. what graphics card you have, what other components such as wifi/networking cards (can sometimes cause problems) - if you are at all unsure about what hardware you have, you could use

sudo lspci

and

sudo lshw -html > hw.htm

(the last command writes hardware info to a html document).


Why did grub load show up on multiple machines?

There is nothing to Panic about! , this is just the GRUB .

Somehow you have set GRUB timeout to a non-zero value on both of your machines.

To disable this Screen, follow these steps :

Open a terminal ctrl+altT
sudo nano /etc/default/grub Enter
You will see a command-line text editor. In that file, Search for GRUB_TIMEOUT=
& Set GRUB_TIMEOUT=0 . This will make the GRUB screen stay for 0 seconds (i.e, It wont show up ) .
Now press ctrl+X followed by Y and then Enter (Saving Changes)
Now in your terminal, sudo update-grub Enter

Now you wont See Grub :)


You can use KDE apps in Gnome, see this to make them look native.

KDE System Guard (click to install)

  KSysGuard is designed to make simple process control available to a user without needing to do any special setup - the defaults are usually perfectly adequate. There are two worksheets - the System Load page, pictured above, and the Process Table.


no internet for terminal- connect through a proxy

I had the same issues with the network at my university as well.

I believe that there is nothing wrong with your machine or the proxy server.

The problem is that the network admins block certain protocols and ports and only allow you to perform specific operations.

In your example, 'ping' doesn't work but lets say if you try 'ssh', you may have no issues at all.


I had similar problems with the integrated keyboard and touchpad freezing randomly. (Dell Latitude 3450 with Synaptic clickpad)
I posted the solution that worked for me here: Dell Inspiron 15-7568 Touchpad Move Freeze on Xenial 16.04


try booting into a live CD and running the command

fsck /dev/sdX

(X being the device with your root file system)
and post the output here.

Also, while booting up, during the boot animation that says Ubuntu, press ESC to view the verbose boot log and look for errors that have to do with volumes not being found, as it could be an error with fstab.
Also look for a command that takes a long time to complete, this signifies that you need to run an fsck.


UPDATE
This version works just fine without any errors. Had to uninstall previous version first.
Bug report here


mht file : extract to html,js and resources

unmht didn't work for me (Can't find Content-Type header - not a MIME HTML file?)

I just

opened with Chrome
Ctrl + u and save all the HTML source code manually to an html file.

You can do the same for binary files, saving with the same name as named on the HTML. I know that this is a very shitty way but it was enough/easy/straightforward for me.


A bash script to copy all files of folders to a unique folder in Desktop

You can use the handy tool inoticoming to monitor your ~/Desktop folder for incoming files and automatically perform an action on each event, like moving them to a different location.

Note that this command only pays attention to created or modified files only.
It will ignore when you create a new directory in there. It will also ignore files created or modified in any subdirectories.
I tried making a command that also reacts on directories, but this seems impossible unless you are okay with the side effect that copying directories into the watched location fails randomly because inotifywatch moves the target directory before copying of all files has completed.

inoticoming does not come preinstalled with Ubuntu, but you can simply install it by once running
sudo apt-get install inoticoming

Then you type this command below and see the magic happen:
inoticoming --foreground --initialsearch ~/Desktop --chdir ~/Desktop mv -- '{}' ~/Desktop/new  \;

Parameters explained:

--foreground makes the tool run in foreground and print log information to the terminal whenever it does something. This is good for initial testing and debugging.
Once you're sure it does what you want, you can omit this argument and let it fork a background daemon, the command will return immediately then and produce no output. You would do that if you want to autostart the command e.g. during login. It might make sense to configure logfiles in that case, please see man inoticoming for more information about that.

--initialsearch performs an additional scan of all files in the directory that are already present when you start the command. Without it, only files that are created or modified while it is running are processed.

~/Desktop the directory to watch

--chdir ~/Desktop change the working directory to ~/Desktop before performing the specified action each time when a file appears or gets modified

mv -- '{}' ~/Desktop/new \; the actual action command you want to call on each event. {} will be replaced with the name of the file that triggered the event. Note how it is enclosed in single quotes and preceded by -- to protect it from getting split up or being interpreted by a shell or as keyword argument of mv. The trailing \; denotes the end of the action command and is required.

When inoticoming is running in foreground mode, you can exit it by hitting Ctrl+C in the terminal.
To kill its background daemons if you launched it without --foreground, the simplest method is to run killall inoticoming. Beware that this kills all running instances of inoticoming. If you want to make sure you kill only one specific instance, it might make sense to let it store its PID (process ID) in a file. See man inoticoming for more information about that.


I think Kazam is one of the best. There has been some changes in the latest version.   For all the changes, you may look at Three Wise Men

  Kazam is a simple screen recording program that will capture the
  content of your screen and record a video file that can be played by
  any video player that supports VP8/WebM video format.1

To install Kazam, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kazam-team/stable-series

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install kazam

Also take a look at recordMyDesktop

1Source:Friendship with Linux


How to boot Windows XP (no GRUB menu is shown)?

You typed the Wrong syntax of Apt-get command,

It should have been

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair

Alternately you can make your Xp detected by grub through

sudo update-grub

EDIT : You didn't mentioned presence of second Hard Drive as can be seen from paste.ubuntu , as sdb.

My guess as Jordan Uggla said , Windows XP is not present , i think you installed Ubuntu over XP installation thereby erasing it .

If you think Xp is still present , then try searching for the Windows system folder and please post the Whereabouts of its location from your Drive  in your question by editing it , probably as its partition number.


Skype chat opens full screen and I can't get off it

I had the same problem and couldn't find an answer, but have found a solution
under the Skype Options menu under Chat deselect use default view.

Apparently the default view is a full screen window with a locked window size.


To display the Grub menu hold down the Shift key until it displays.


There are some third-party software out there you help get your data back, because when a file is deleted, that space is marked "empty" but not actually deleted. To fully delete it you must overwrite that space. However beware that some files could be corrupt.


Is there a CPU monitor widget showing CPU frequency in GHz?

For CPU usage:

sudo apt install indicator-cpufreq

and also try this

sudo apt install indicator-multiload

A small script for monitoring frequency.

while true
do
    echo $(lscpu | grep MHz)
    sleep 1
done


Making Ubuntu Download Bootable from USB

Assuming you're on Linux,

Open a terminal and type sudo su
lsblk to note which device is your USB.
mkdir /mnt/myusb && mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/myusb (replace b1 with your actual usb device id, /dev/sdb1 in my case)
grub-install --force --no-floppy --boot-directory=/mnt/myusb/boot /dev/sdb (replacing b if necessary)
cd /mnt/myusb/boot/grub
wget pendrivelinux.com/downloads/multibootlinux/grub.cfg
Copy the iso to the root of your pen drive and modify the grub.cfg file in order to load the isos from the correct location.

set timeout=10
set default=0
menuentry "Run Ubuntu Live ISO" {
loopback loop /ubuntu-xx-xx-i386.iso linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu-xx-xx-i386.iso splash --
initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}

(replace "/ubuntu-xx-xx-i386.iso" with the correct file name)

Open any disk utility software and make sure that the partition has got the "boot" flag. If not, set it.

DONE!


Add custom shortcut to the GNOME Terminal

as a workaround I could achieve this by the mix of

Is it possible to achieve autocomplete to predifined text in gnome-terminal?
Custom Keyboard Shortcut
xdotool

1st image - created a alias for ls -l as ls in ~/.bashrc file.
2nd image - to type ls and a key press of Enter, used xdotool sleep 1 key l s Return as a command for custom keyboard shortcut.
3rd image - Result, when I press the shortcut key combo.


How to configure systemd to ignore fstab drive mount failures?

As muru mentioned, add nofail. But also add a low timeout with something like x-systemd.device-timeout=2, because the default timeout seems to be 90 seconds.

Example from my fstab:

LABEL="test"  /mnt/test  ext4  defaults,nofail,x-systemd.device-timeout=4  0  2


Remap Ctrl + k to use Slack's quickfinder instead of Firefox's search page

Go to your Slack preferences, choose advanced, and click the thing that says ctrl k to quick switcher (overrides some browser behavior)

: )


Why does Skype notification icon show up in Unity while Opera and Indicator-weather don't?

Unity does not allow regular notification icons, because they are no longer supported. You can have them show up if you add them to the whitelist (this has been asked before, here is the answer ).

Skype shows up because the developers decided to whitelist it since so many people use it. Personally I disagree with this move because Skype LLC has abandoned linux development outside of Skype Kit, and linux distributions should stop giving them support in their nonsense.


pdfsam just doesn't work on 16.04. Live with that and try another pdf app like : PDF MOD, PDF Shuffler, PDF Chain or even Master PDF Editor (probably the best pdf editor in linux). I personally prefer Foxit PDF Editor which works well under Wine.


lxpanel volume control not visible plus no sound

I figured out how to fix the problem. For anyone else who has this problem: be sure to change the default volume card. Here is how you can do that:

Type Ctrl + Alt + T to start LXTerm
Type sudo leafpad /etc/asound.conf
Type Enter
Copy and paste

defaults.ctl.card 2

defaults.pcm.card 2

defaults.timer.card 2

into the file.

Change the number 2 to the sound card you want to use, then save the file and restart your computer.


Is there a software that periodically lets me do mental arithmetic exercises?

1. Straightforward version

The script below will produce assignments at random, +, -, × and ÷. You can (and should) set a maximum number the script may use, as well as the time interval between the assignments.

The assignments

The assignments are presented in a Zenity entry window:

if the answer is wrong:

If the answer is correct:

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from random import randint
import sys
import subprocess
import time

# maximum number & interval
max_n = int(sys.argv[1]); pause = int(sys.argv[2])

def fix_float(n):
    """
    if the assignment is a division, the script divides the random number by a
    number (integer) it can be divided by. it looks up those numbers, and picks
    one of them (at random). if the number is a prime number the assignment is
    changed into another type
    """
    try:
        divs = [i for i in range(2, n) if n%i == 0]
        pick = randint(1, len(divs))
        div_by = divs[pick-1]
        return [str(n)+" : "+str(div_by), int(n/div_by)]
    except (ValueError, IndexError):
        pass

def get_assignment():
    """
    get a random number within the user defined range, make the assignment and
    the textual presentation
    """
    n1 = randint(2, max_n); n2 = randint(2, max_n)
    assignments = [
        [str(n1)+" + "+str(n2), n1+n2],
        [str(n1)+" - "+str(n2), n1-n2],
        [str(n1)+" x "+str(n2), n1*n2],
        fix_float(n1),
        ]
    # pick an assignment (type) at random
    assignment = assignments[randint(0, 3)]
    # if the random number is a prime number and the assignment a division...
    assignment = assignment if assignment != None else assignments[1]
    # run the interface job
    try:
        answer = int(subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c",
            'zenity --entry --title="Think hard:" --text='+'"'+assignment[0]+'"'
            ]).decode("utf-8"))
        if answer == assignment[1]:
            subprocess.Popen(["notify-send", "Coolcool"])
        else:
            subprocess.Popen([
                "notify-send", "Oooops, "+assignment[0]+\
                " = "+str(assignment[1])])
    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, ValueError):
        pass

while True:
    time.sleep(pause)
    get_assignment()

How to use

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as mindpractice.py
Run it with the maximum allowed number and the interval time (in seconds) between the assignments as arguments:

python3 /path/to/mindpractice.py <max_number> <interval>

e.g.

python3 /path/to/mindpractice.py 1000 300

to do calculations up to figures of 1000, with a 5 minute break in between the assignments.
If all works fine, you can add it to startup applications the usual way, or a launcher to toggle can be made, which I might add later :)

Note

The dividing might need some explanation. You'd probably not like to calculate in floats. Therefore, if the assignment is a division, the script looks up the numbers it can be divided by, and picks one (at random). If the (main) number turns out to be a prime number, the assignment is changed into another type.

2. More options

Once you start calculating, you will find out that dividing up to figures of (let's say) 100 is much easier than multiplying figures up to 100.

With the script below you can (and should) set the maximum of the numbers per exercise type (see instructions below the script).

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from random import randint
import sys
import subprocess
import time

levels = sys.argv[1:]
pause = [int(arg.replace("p:", "")) for arg in levels if "p:" in arg][0]

def fix_float(n):
    """
    if the assignment is a division, the script divides the random number by a
    number (integer) it can be divided by. it looks up those numbers, and picks
    one of them (at random). if the number is a prime number the assignment is
    changed into another type
    """
    try:
        divs = [i for i in range(2, n) if n%i == 0]
        pick = randint(1, len(divs))
        div_by = divs[pick-1]
        return [str(n)+" : "+str(div_by), int(n/div_by)]
    except (ValueError, IndexError):
        pass

def get_assignment():
    """
    get a random number within the user defined range, make the assignment and
    the textual presentation
    """
    # pick an assignment (type) at random
    track = randint(0, 3)
    arg = ["a:", "s:", "m:", "d:"][track]
    max_n = [int(item.replace(arg, "")) for item in levels if arg in item][0]

    n1 = randint(2, max_n); n2 = randint(2, max_n)
    assignments = [
        [str(n1)+" + "+str(n2), n1+n2],
        [str(n1)+" - "+str(n2), n1-n2],
        [str(n1)+" x "+str(n2), n1*n2],
        fix_float(n1),
        ]
    assignment = assignments[track]
    # if the random number is a prime number and the assignment a division...
    assignment = assignment if assignment != None else assignments[1]
    # run the interface job
    try:
        answer = int(subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c",
            'zenity --entry --title="Think hard:" --text='+'"'+assignment[0]+'"'
            ]).decode("utf-8"))
        if answer == assignment[1]:
            subprocess.Popen(["notify-send", "Coolcool"])
        else:
            subprocess.Popen([
                "notify-send", "Oooops, "+assignment[0]+\
                " = "+str(assignment[1])])
    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, ValueError):
        pass

while True:
    time.sleep(pause)
    get_assignment()

How to use

Setup the script exactly like the first one, but run it with the arguments (in any order, the script will link the right arguments to the right item):

p: pause (break between the assignments, in seconds))
s: subtract (max number to calculate with)
a: add (max number)
m: multiply (max number)
d: divide (max number)

For example:

python3 '/home/jacob/Desktop/num.py' a:10 d:100 s:10 m:10 p:300

to show an exercise every five minutes, numbers up to 10, except dividing up to figure 100.

3. Let's get carried away a bit

Being able to see some statistics

The version below shows you the statistics after every 10 exercises:

Additionally (might be usefull when used for children), you can see what went wrong in the last 100 incorrectly answered exercises. In a hidden file, both the assignments and their (incorrect) answers are written:

This logfile is located:

~/.calculog

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from random import randint
import sys
import subprocess
import time
import os

log = os.environ["HOME"]+"/.calculog"

levels = sys.argv[1:]
pause = [int(arg.replace("p:", "")) for arg in levels if "p:" in arg][0]

def fix_float(n):
    """
    if the assignment is a division, the script divides the random number by a
    number (integer) it can be divided by. it looks up those numbers, and picks
    one of them (at random). if the number is a prime number the assignment is
    changed into another type
    """
    try:
        divs = [i for i in range(2, n) if n%i == 0]
        pick = randint(1, len(divs))
        div_by = divs[pick-1]
        return [str(n)+" : "+str(div_by), int(n/div_by)]
    except (ValueError, IndexError):
        pass

def get_assignment():
    """
    get a random number within the user defined range, make the assignment and
    the textual presentation
    """
    # pick an assignment (type) at random
    track = randint(0, 3)
    arg = ["a:", "s:", "m:", "d:"][track]
    max_n = [int(item.replace(arg, "")) for item in levels if arg in item][0]

    n1 = randint(2, max_n); n2 = randint(2, max_n)
    assignments = [
        [str(n1)+" + "+str(n2), n1+n2],
        [str(n1)+" - "+str(n2), n1-n2],
        [str(n1)+" x "+str(n2), n1*n2],
        fix_float(n1),
        ]
    assignment = assignments[track]
    # if the random number is a prime number and the assignment a division...
    assignment = assignment if assignment != None else assignments[1]
    # run the interface job
    try:
        answer = int(subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c",
            'zenity --entry --title="Think hard:" --text='+'"'+assignment[0]+'"'
            ]).decode("utf-8"))
        if answer == assignment[1]:
            subprocess.Popen(["notify-send", "Coolcool"])
            return "ok"
        else:
            subprocess.Popen([
                "notify-send", "Oooops, "+assignment[0]+\
                " = "+str(assignment[1])])
            open(log, "+a").write(assignment[0]+"\t\t"+str(answer)+"\n")
            try:
                history = open(log).read().splitlines()
                open(log, "wt").write(("\n").join(history[-100:])+"\n")
            except FileNotFoundError:
                pass
            return "mistake"
    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, ValueError):
        return None

results = []
while True:
    time.sleep(pause)
    results.append(get_assignment())
    if len(results) >= 10:
        score = results.count("ok")
        subprocess.call([
            "zenity", "--info",
            '--title=Latest scores',
            '--text='+str(score)+' out of 10',
            '--width=160',
            ])
        results = []

How to use

Usage is pretty much exactly like option 2, but you'll have the logfile available and the scores after every 10 assignments.

4. Ultimate version

The version below is like option 3 (including log file and reports), but has some additional features:

adds calculating square root

adds using a range of numbers, instead of simply set a maximum
adds the option to only run specific calculation types (e.g. only divide and multiply).
remembers the arguments it was run with the last time, when run without arguments (only first time, arguments must be set). If no arguments were set on first run, the script sends a message:

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from random import randint
import sys
import subprocess
import time
import os

"""
Use this script to practice head count. Some explanation might be needed:
The script can be used for the following types of calculating:

Type          argument example      explanation
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
add           a:30-100              to add in numbers from 30-100
subtract      s:10-100              to subtract in numbers from 10-100
multiply      m:10-20               to multiply in numbers from 10-20
divide        d:200-400             to divide in numbers from 200-400
square root   r:1-1000              to find square root in numbers from 1-1000

N.B.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- The argument p: (pause in seconds; break between the assignments) *must* be
  set, for example: p:300 to launch an assignment every 5 minutes
- A calculation type will only run *if* the argument is set for the
  corresponding type. An example: python3 /path/to/script p:60 s:30-60
  will run a subtract- assignment every minute.

Miscellaneous information:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- On first run, arguments *must* be set. After first run, when no arguments
  are used the last set arguments will run, until the script is run with a new
  set of arguments.
- A log file of the last 100 incorrectly answered questions is kept in
  ~/.calculog
- After 10 assignments, the score of the last 10 pops up.
"""

log = os.environ["HOME"]+"/.calculog"
prefs = os.environ["HOME"]+"/.calcuprefs"
levels = sys.argv[1:]

if levels:
    open(prefs, "wt").write(str(levels))
else:
    try:
        levels = eval(open(prefs).read())
    except FileNotFoundError:
        subprocess.call([
            "zenity", "--info",
            '--title=Missing arguments',
            '--text=On first run, the script needs to be run with arguments\n'
            ])

def fix_float(n):
    """
    if the assignment is a division, the script divides the random number by a
    number (integer) it can be divided by. it looks up those numbers, and picks
    one of them (at random). if the number is a prime number the assignment is
    changed into another type
    """
    try:
        divs = [i for i in range(2, n) if n%i == 0]
        pick = randint(1, len(divs))
        div_by = divs[pick-1]
        return [str(n)+" : "+str(div_by), int(n/div_by)]
    except (ValueError, IndexError):
        pass

def fix_sqr(f1, f2):
    """
    If the assignment is calculating a square root, this function finds the sets
    of numbers (integers) that make a couple, within the given range.
    """
    q = f1; r = q**(.5); sets = []
    while q < f2:
        r = q**(.5)
        if r == int(r):
            sets.append([int(r), int(q)])
        q = q+1
    if sets:
        pick = sets[randint(0, len(sets)-1)]
        return ["√"+str(pick[1]), pick[0]]

def get_assignment():
    """
    get a random number within the user defined range, make the assignment and
    the textual presentation
    """
    args = ["a:", "s:", "m:", "d:", "r:"]
    indc = []
    for i, item in enumerate(args):
        if item in str(levels):
            indc.append(i)

    index = indc[randint(0, len(indc)-1)]
    name = args[index]

    minmax = [
        [int(n) for n in item.replace(name, "").split("-")] \
        for item in levels if name in item][0]

    assignment = None
    # if the random number is a prime number *and* the assignment a division
    # or a square root...
    while assignment == None:
        n1 = randint(minmax[0], minmax[1]); n2 = randint(minmax[0], minmax[1])
        assignment = [
            [str(n1)+" + "+str(n2), n1+n2],
            [str(n1)+" - "+str(n2), n1-n2],
            [str(n1)+" x "+str(n2), n1*n2],
            fix_float(n1),
            fix_sqr(minmax[0], minmax[1]),
            ][index]
    # run the interface job
    try:
        answer = int(subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c",
            'zenity --entry --title="Think hard:" --text='+'"'+assignment[0]+'"'
            ]).decode("utf-8"))
        if answer == assignment[1]:
            subprocess.Popen(["notify-send", "Coolcool"])
            return "ok"
        else:
            subprocess.Popen([
                "notify-send", "Oooops, "+assignment[0]+\
                " = "+str(assignment[1])])
            open(log, "+a").write(assignment[0]+"\t\t"+str(answer)+"\n")
            try:
                history = open(log).read().splitlines()
                open(log, "wt").write(("\n").join(history[-100:])+"\n")
            except FileNotFoundError:
                pass
            return "mistake"
    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, ValueError):
        return None

if levels:
    pause = [int(arg.replace("p:", "")) for arg in levels if "p:" in arg][0]
    [levels.remove(item) for item in levels if "p:" in item]
    results = []
    while True:
        time.sleep(pause)
        results.append(get_assignment())
        if len(results) >= 10:
            score = results.count("ok")
            subprocess.call([
                "zenity", "--info",
                '--title=Latest scores',
                '--text='+str(score)+' out of 10',
                '--width=160',
                ])
            results = []

How to use

Copy the script into an empty file, save it (again) as mindpractice.py. Run it with the following options (as examples)

Must be set:

p:300                to set the interval between assignments to 5 minutes

Optional (make a selection):

a:30-100             to add in numbers from 30-100 (optional)
s:10-100             to subtract in numbers from 10-100
m:10-20              to multiply in numbers from 10-20
d:200-400            to divide in numbers from 200-400
r:1-1000             to find square root in numbers from 1-1000

Example command:

python3 '/path/to/mindpractice.py' p:300 d:10-100 s:10-30  r:300-600

to set:

p:300                to set the interval between assignments to 5 minutes
d:10-100             to divide in numbers from 10-100
s:10-30              to subtract in numbers from 10-30
r:300-600            to calculate square roots from 300-600

while adding and multiplying are not used.

Then the next time, if the script is run with:

python3 '/path/to/mindpractice.py'

It will remember the last used arguments

Use the version that serves your needs best...


I had the same issue so a few search.

I went to

https://linuxwacom.github.io/

and chose the kernel driver which led to

https://github.com/linuxwacom/input-wacom/wiki/Installing-input-wacom-from-source

and basically followed the instructions and did a reboot, touch input started to work again.

For my pen input, it was working without any fix required.


Cannot launch .jnlp file in precise pangolin

This worked for me

# update-alternatives --config javaws
There are 2 choices for the alternative javaws (providing /usr/bin/javaws).

Selection Path Priority Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/javaws 1061 auto mode
  1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/javaws 1061 manual mode
* 2 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/javaws 1060 manual mode

Press enter to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 2

Unfortunately not my brains, but copied from here https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/icedtea-web/+bug/969520


How to uninstall Ubuntu installed through the windows installer

If you installed Ubuntu using Wubi then there will be an application in the folder where you installed Ubuntu with the name : uninstall-ubuntu. Run it to uninstall.

If you installed ubuntu permanantly then

open Windows
format the 15 GB partition
Reboot with Windows installer CD
Search for Repair Windows option and look for Grub Rescue or Boot Rescue or similar option.

Just make sure you have the Windows Installation CD with you before starting or its going to get messy.


The majority of these instructions are for the laptop.

First of all, disable UFW firewall for now:

sudo ufw disable

Next, plug the ethernet cable into both computers.
Now, click on network-manager icon on the laptop and select edit connections.
Click to select the wired connection and then click edit.
Click on the ipv6 settings tab and change the method to ignored.
Click on the ipv4 settings and change the method to shared to other computers and then click save.
Finally, click close on the network-connections tab and run the following command:

sudo service network-manager restart

You may need to run the last command on the desktop as well.

If you have dns problems, you may need to install dnsutils on the laptop or try using a public server on the desktop.


Can't boot into Windows 7 or Ubuntu12.10 on a dual boot computer

I would boot into the recovery mode, and enter a root terminal. From there, run fsck -A -y -f, to fix these errors.

Please note, however, this sounds like it could be a more serious hardware issue (I've never heard of a computer powering off from hard drive errors). If that doesn't work, odds are, something's malfunctioning inside your computer. Unless you're using a laptop with a not-so-good battery, I would strongly recommend taking your machine to a computer repair center, and have it professionally diagnosed.


The CPU may be on performance mode only.

Check if you can fix that in the Bios, enabling change of frequencies depending on cpu use (scaling). The way you can do it depends on your bios. On laptops, it is already enabled: most of the time, it allows to save battery power.
You can install "indicator-cpufreq", restart your computer. A new icon should be available near the date, click on it and choose "On demand".

sudo apt-get install indicator-cpufreq

"On demand" means that if you don't use your CPU, the system will scale it at the lower power available (computing and energy). If you run intensive applications, the system will set the CPU to the required power needed. You can set it to "Performance" so it will stay at full power, etc.


No sound on HDMI through a Pioneer VSX-527, works if connected directly to the TV

I have the same receiver and the same problem. I have discovered that changing the resoultion actually makes the sound work. Setting res to 720p or 1080i gives me sound. Not sure why but it could be some kind of handshaking problem. 1080p is of course prefferable but until someone have found out why, this might help you. I have read on other pages that a hdmi switch could resolve handshaking problems but its a longshot in this case as im not sure thats the problem...
Edit: it seems that setting the refreshrate to 24 with xrandr fixes my issue.
Try the following command: xrandr --output HDMI2 --mode 1920x1080 --rate 24
If you dont use hdmi 2 you can easily see which one you are using by just typing xrandr .


How do I open Ubuntu Software Center via Terminal?

I'm not sure why you'd want to, but

software-center

should do it.  If you want to use command line to install a package then the correct way to do it would be

sudo apt-get install package-name

or

sudo apt-get remove package-name

to remove it.  If you want a text based package manager then you could have a look at aptitude:

sudo aptitude


Should I install OpenVPN on its own hard drive or partition?

In general for any software it doesn't matter where you install. Programs can be executed by OS from anywhere, from where it can read the executable. But as you said it could be little bit slower if its on external partition while startup and if its saving media to external drive then it can perform slow.

To answer just exact your question, i think you have got good space on your primary hard disk. So go ahead and install it anywhere on your primary hard disk. Or if you using any automated install script from OpenVPN then let it do what it does. It will probably install at right place.

If you still face problem then please share the details/source about installer, then i can help you more.

Cheers !!


Ubuntu installation on a hybrid HD with little SSD space

If you intend to keep your existing drive as well as the SSD, which is what I now have, I'd install to everything to the SSD except /home and swap. During installation, ensure you give the correct locations (eg /dev/sda5) and tell the installer NOT to format the partitions. After installation, edit your /etc/fstab file to put /var/log and /tmp on the HDD. There's plenty of help on this forum for this - it looks worse than it really is!

I was in a similar situation with my Lenovo G510 and a hybrid disk drive which has 8GB SSD. It's a Seagate ST1000LM014-SSHD and as such the SSD part works as cache only. It needs no drivers and linux cannot even see it as a separate drive. See here. As your machine running a Seagate ST500LM000 it has the same technology as mine where they have their own internal implementation of caching. Apart from updating firmware, there is nothing else to worry about with them. Your drive details are here.


XFCE Audio Mixer Glitching (pavucontrol) - Ubuntu 20.04

after tests I fix my trouble showing only "Virtual Streams" the WhatsApp aúdio back do works and my mic after this not stop of works more too. Maybe can a little bug.


Kubuntu: Web browser download 'Show in folder' opens in Visual Studio Code instead of Dophin

Found it!
Even though it was last in the list of inode > directory file associations, removing it fixes the problem!
System Settings > File Associations > inode > directory


Are UbuntuOne services coming to Kubuntu/KDE?

No; I am aware of no efforts to deliver anything KDE-specific in 11.04.


How do I add icons to the desktop in 10.04?

You can put icons on the desktop in the same way you would put icons in Windows: by dragging a file to the "Desktop" directory in your home folder. If you want to add a program, right-click the desktop, then add a launcher by typing in the program's command.


Package not removed: python-swiftclient 3.5.0

You used the wrong package name:
The name of the package you installed is python3-swiftclient.
You tried to remove the package with sudo apt-get remove python-swiftclient but you should have used sudo apt-get remove python3-swiftclient


You may want to read this about alternative blender installs.

The cmake name is a bit misleading, it actually configures options and creates the makefiles. Run make install in the build directory after you have run ccmake. Once make has finished you can then start blender with ./bin/blender in the same directory.

If you are using the cmake-gui then you need to open a terminal in the Where to build binaries setting shown in the cmake-gui window.


Frame grabbing from camera using commandline

install fswebcam:

  Fswebcam is a tiny and flexible webcam command-line program for
  capturing  images from a V4L1/V4L2 device. It accepts a number of
  formats, can skip  the first (possibly bad) frames before performing
  the actual capture, and  can perform simple manipulation on the
  captured image, such as resizing,  averaging multiple frames or
  overlaying a caption or an image.


Ubuntu Server 18.04.2 HWE kernel: ./boot/grub/efi.img file failed the MD5 checksum when booting UEFI

After a dialogue via comments the original poster, @Thoughtcraft, could work around the problem:

Installing the standard way (with the first option 'Install Ubuntu Server') works, and it is possible to install the HWE kernel later to get the desired Ubuntu Server system.


Unable to Install Ubuntu 12.04 on my windows 7 hp Laptop Dvd Ejects automatically

Perhaps the DVD that you burned did not burn correctly, or the ISO file you downloaded is corrupted.

I suggest you make a bootable USB disk with Ubnutu using the following link and try to install from it http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows

Tell us how it goes.


Why is Ubuntu not publicized in big conferences?

When we say that Ubuntu is free, that is not meant as shorthand for "free of charge", but that you have freedom. The fact that it is also free of charge, is mostly a consequence of that freedom. That difference is very important.

Microsoft own its software and makes large sums of money from each user by selling limited licenses to use the software. They don't sell the software itself. So it can be considered a form of rental. This is of course highly lucrative, since customers can never stop purchasing upgrades as long as they want to use that platform. Apple owns most of theirs and makes most of its money selling hardware and their software can only be used on that hardware. So, the principle is similar. By getting customers dependent on the software, they're also making them dependent on the hardware, which of course, is rather expensive. Both companies have billions to spend on marketing – and have to do so, since they depend on sales.

Ubuntu, on the other hand, is developed by hundreds of companies and thousands of individuals who do so for very different reasons. Governments help develop it because they save money by doing so, while increasing security at the same time. Schools help develop it for many of the same reasons, but also because they don't want to make their students dependent on certain companies and expensive tools, whether it's hardware or software. When education makes a child intellectually dependent on Microsoft or Apple, a significant economic burden is allocated to that child.

So the situation is rather different. However, many companies will present their Ubuntu-related services at conferences and there are release parties all over the world. But since it isn't developed by a single entity, it wouldn't be right to present it the same way that Apple and Microsoft does. It might actually be somewhat destructive if other parts of the GNU/Linux community felt that Ubuntu took too much credit for other peoples work. It is a global "co-opetition" where competitors are also partners. RedHat and Oracle, for instance, both sells their Enterprise Linuxes and therefore creates a lot of good software. This software is also available in Ubuntu. The economic incentives are also not the same. Ubuntus main sponsor, Canonical, provides services to OEMs and large companies, and will present their services to them, but that's not very visible to the general public – not because it's secret, but because we simply have no reason to care.

It's not really comparable at all. Though the software as a product is very much comparable to those provided by Apple and Microsoft, the development process and community is radically different. Ubuntu is more comparable to the internet, which is also good because of developments from large numbers of separate entities. Who should present and promote the internet at conferences? Anyone and everyone.


Follwing this answer, it is necessary to

edit file $SMARTGIT_HOME$/bin/smartgit.sh,
comment this line: export UBUNTU_MENUPROXY=0

No built-in menu anymore:


How can I uninstall all the packages I've installed today?

grep -e `date +%Y-%m-%d` /var/log/dpkg.log | awk '/install / {print $4}' | uniq | xargs apt-get -y remove

found on commandlinefu worked fine for me


Black screen with text after upgrading ubuntu from 12.04 to 14.04 LTS

Sorry for complaining, but you should've just upgraded through the Software Updater. The way you upgraded is pretty unstable. If you have ANY backups, just restore from there, and upgrade Ubuntu through the Software Updater.


cronjob is failing -- how to tell it to always run as root?

I had this issue running RKHunter on my server.
Log in as SU and then do Crontab -e you can still point towards users folder but it will run with privileges there.


Shortcut keys and other issues with certain gtk apps on Wayland

And what do you want to say?

Bug with global shortcuts is known on launchpad as bug 1244090.

Keyboard bug for Ctrl+Shift+c,  Ctrl+Shift+v and so on is reported to launchpad as bug 1245473.

Also there is another problem with non-latin shortcuts - it is known as launchpad bug 1226962.

Also users want to set Alt+Shift or Ctrl+ Shift as keyboard layout switcher as in launchpad bug 1218322 but can do this only from GNOME Tweaks.

Myself I found only one resolution - I'll stay on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS MATE until 2021 year (really 2019 because it's Ubuntu flavor).


Can't install Ubuntu from USB stick on Macbook Air

Firstly get your ubuntu live cd up and running with networking (wired/bluetooth/however you can). Then select the recommended proprietary broadcom driver. This should solve your networking.

Next download boot-repair (instructions here) and run this from the live CD. Select 'repair recommended' and it will ask you to perform some steps in the terminal to purge/reinstall grub.

Reboot and you should be up and running. In the event that this does not solve your problem (as was my case) you will need to:

Boot the OSX recovery partition (or disk/usb)
Erase and repartition your entire disk. Create 1 partition for your ubuntu partition and another for swap.
Reinstall Ubuntu - Select 'something else' from the install options. Change the EFI partition to "Do not use", then install ubuntu and swap to the other partitions.

At this point you will have an unbootable system.

Boot into the live cd again, enable networking and run boot-repair as mentioned above.

It's a pain I know but for some reason ubuntu and mac's don't always play nice.

Good luck!


Several versions of the gcc,g++, gfortran compilers are availble.  For instance, packages g++-5, gcc-5 and gfortran-5, vs the ...-4 versions.  You apparently don't have the gfortran-5 padkage.  There are meta packages for the compilers, gcc, g++, and gfortran to get the dependencies for the latest versions.  Probably one of those was not installed so it's package (gfortran?).  Anyway, just:

sudo apt-get install gfortran

to see if you get the expected 5.3 version to match your gcc.
If that doesn't work, just use the explicit gfortran-5 package.