Update GPG error - NO_PUBKEY - The repository release is not signed

I deleted the offending repository from my repository list.


Trying to dual boot - getting error failing to unmount /cdrom

Please read some HowTo's on installing Ubuntu for dual boot. Google or search here on AU.

Download the relevant Ubuntu ISO.

Use a recommended tool to "burn it" to a USB stick or DVD
Then, from windows, make sure that the diskspace you want to use for Ubuntu is free

Is it a part of your current Windows drives (C: D: or so),shrink that partition/filesystem.
Is it a empty partition, delete it (have your stuff backed up in case you delete something you later need.

Then boot on the media you created, and select install beside Windows,and follow descriptions.


Communication between Host and Server with completely different sshmac/sshcipher

With 0 intersection also Client is able to remotely establish ssh connection, how is it possible ?

No, it is not possible. Post the verbose log of the connection (ssh -vvv host) to see that there is some intersection.


Ubuntu changes GRUB boot-order. How to prevent this?

First you need to install Boot Repair:

grub-install -v
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair

If you have already installed boot-repair, then skip previous step and run the boot repair:

boot-repair

From the boot-repair window, you can configure which Ubuntu will be starting as default.

How to use boot repair visit
http://www.howtogeek.com/114884/how-to-repair-grub2-when-ubuntu-wont-boot/


Can I enable AMD freesync using the amdgpu driver via HDMI in 20.04?

This I dont know but I have still same trouble with AMD drivers like on 19.04. The driver amdgpu is sometime loaded and sometime it doesnt load and I can see only black screen.

Restarts helped and for example one per 5 restart amdgpu is loaded and GPU is working correctly.

HP EliteBook 745 G5
AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 2300U w/ Radeon Vega Mobile Gfx


Is it possible to resize/move root and encrypted home partitions in Ubuntu 14.04 without losing data?

the short answer is that ecryptfs is a filesystem encryption and only encrypts files not partitions, so it should be safe to resize the partition, but make a backup first! I'm flagging this as a duplicate, because this question has been asked before.


Intel 5100 AGN disconnects and then disables my Verizon FiOS Actiontec router

To answer your last question, Ubuntu definitely does support 64 bit computers. They have 32 and 64 bit versions and either will work fine on a 64 bit computer. As for your wifi, it appears that many people have had similar problems with it in both Windows and Linux.  http://communities.intel.com/thread/19218  Does your wifi work better in Windows? One solution may be to use a usb wifi adapter instead of the onboard one.


You should be able to do this if you're using Gnome (which you should be IMHO)

Super+ Alt + 8 : Toggle zoom enabled/disabled (when enabled, the next two keyboard shortcuts become active)

Super +  Alt + + : Zoom in (increases zoom factor by 1.0)

Super + Alt +  -  : Zoom out (decreases zoom factor by 1.0, until it is 1.0)

credit:
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/33243/does-gnome-3-support-desktop-zoom


Screenshot button not working in 17.10 Unity

Workaround

Install Compiz Config Manager using:

sudo apt install compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-plugins

Open Compiz Config Manager, go to Commands module in the General Section and on Commands tab set some command line, e. g. "Command line 15" to /usr/bin/gnome-screenshot.

On Keyboard hotkeys tab specify PrintScr hotkey for "run command 15".

I also tried to add /usr/bin/gnome-screenshot -w for capturing window, but looks like 17.10 doesn't accept Alt+PrintScr as hotkey.


Fresh Ubuntu Install Rtl88x2bu wireless adapter

Following the comments, I was able to solve my issue after noticing that kernel module 8822 was loading but never live. After a big of digging through logs I saw that I was getting an out-of-tree module taints kernel message. I removed the module with the following code:
sudo dkms remove 8822bu/1.1 --all

Then after a reboot everything was working perfectly.


Start with nano -x. This, and much more about nano, can be found in man nano. If you get tired of typing -x all the time, consider setting up an alias for nano -x like this:

alias nano="nano -x"

Another way to permanently disable the help line is to put a line:

set nohelp

in the file ~/.nanorc. If you don't have this file, create one. See man nanorc for more.


It appears that your machine is not configured to actually use Avahi to do (or assist) it's DNS lookups. Try adding the following to the /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base file:

nameserver 127.0.0.1

The IP address might be different in your case, make sure that it points to the server running Avahi. Then reload your resolve configuration by running:

sudo resolvconf -u

The system should now (also) check your Avahi server to resolve redacted.local into an IP address.


Should I force enable hardware acceleration in the browser?

I have it enabled on both on my system. However, since mileage may vary, I would suggest trying it out for a while before you set it and forget it, so to speak :).

In short, yes.


Starting openvpn error: "Please enter password with the systemd-tty-ask-password-agent"

This happens since Ubuntu 15.10 uses systemd to start openvpn. Following seems to work me for me. After you start openvpn and get the error message from the terminal do the following

sudo systemd-tty-ask-password-agent

You will be prompted to enter your username. Now type in the same command again

sudo systemd-tty-ask-password-agent

This time you will be prompted to enter your password. After entering the password start the vpn connection again. For me I do it with the following command

sudo service openvpn start

Now it should connect successfully.


14.10 NVIDIA driver makes internet very slow after install

I do not believe your graphics card driver is at fault. It sounds more like your having a problem with your Huawei router configuration. Go to the HUAWEI.com web site and find your router set-up guide by model # and reconfigure your router for the fastest speed.I apoligize for the wrong information I gave you. You can also see this link for more information Slow Internet on Ubuntu 12.10


Please don't change permissions in order to read root-owned files. In future, if you want to read a file you don't have access to, use sudo cat or sudo less or open a text editor with root permission. If you think you really need to change permissions for some reason, then first do research or ask a question about it. It's all too easy to break your system with chown and chmod.

Anyway, your user already had read permissions on that directory and all its contents. The /bin directory has permissions 755 or rwxr-xr-x, as do the vast majority of its contents. They can be read and executed by any user.

You removed the execution bits (644 = rw-r--r--), making the files readable for all, writeable for root, and executable for no user.

When you remove the execute bits from a directory, you make it impossible to enter the directory, except for root.

When you remove the execute bits from a file, you make it impossible to execute the file, even for root.

The Bash program is located at /bin/bash. You have made the directory it is in inaccessible, and you have made the binary file itself non-executable, so not even root can run it. chown and chmod are also in /bin, so you can't even use another shell to run them, if you happen to have one that isn't in /bin.

Reinstalling your system is the best way to be sure you've got everything right, but if you would like to try fixing it or you really want to avoid that, what you could do is boot from a live system (eg USB installation media or System Recovery), mount your root partition, and change the permissions from there. See terdon's answer here for the best method of doing this (replace /etc with /bin and use chmod instead of chown).


How do I enable compiz in Gnome Classic?

To solve this problem edit this file:

sudo nano /usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/gnome-classic.session

and replace this line:

RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;

with this one:

RequiredProviders=windowmanager;

Then just logout and log back in and it should work fine.
This solved the problem in my case.

EDIT 1:

1) to access the gnome panel menu now you need to use "windows key + alt + right click" on panels instead of "alt + right click"

2) another issue might be "alt + tab" but you just need to reassign it in Applications -> System Tools -> System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts

EDIT 2:

3) after system updates related to GTK or gnome you might need to reinstall any "custom" drivers for your graphics card,  for e.g. NVIDIA linux driver


Instead of running, su - root, you could use the exec shell builtin:

exec su - root

This replaces the shell being run by <username> with the root login shell so that the parent process of root shell is the terminal emulator – not the original shell run by username. This means that when you exit the root shell, the terminal emulator should close the window or tab.


"sudo: apt-get: command not found" on Ubuntu 17

Load the environment variables for your user with . ~/$USER/.bashrc.
Try usingsudo /usr/bin/apt-get update, see if you get the same error.
If the above fails, become root and try executing the command.
If the 4th step fails, search the system to see if you have the apt-get binary: sudo find / -name 'apt-get'
If the binary is not found, maybe the system was not installed correctly.


Ubuntu comes with libcurl4 library, but Viber says that the dependancy is libcurl3.

You have to install Viber without one of the depencancies. The correct way to install Viber is this:
You freeze libcurl4,
ignore the Viber dependancy libcurl3 and install Viber with a force flag,
then unfreeze libcurl4:

sudo apt-mark hold libcurl4
sudo dpkg -i --ignore-depends=libcurl3 ~/viber.deb
sudo apt install -f
sudo dpkg -i --ignore-depends=libcurl3 ~/viber.deb
sudo apt-mark unhold libcurl4


Why can I only put some items in the launcher?

I would say it is by design - the space in the launcher is quite limited, adding there files, as opposed to programs would not make much sense - people have many thousands of different files on their computers, adding the ability to pin a few does not solve the general problem with finding files. Making it easy to find any file using Dash is a much better decision IMO - Unity Dash tries to address that. It also shows your recent files first.

Also, consider how the launcher would look if you pin more than one PDF file, for example - the buttons have no text, only icons. That would be highly confusing.

In your example with minecraft - it's not exactly an executable, it's a .jar file which is opened with java program - "java -jar minecraft.jar" - so, in a sense, it can be seen as a data file which can be "viewed" with java, the same as pdfs are viewed with evince.


How to update my already installed Ubuntu Touch image?

Updating through the system settings will do an image upgrade which only works when the image is not in writable image mode.

This rather different than doing a package update through apt-get.

These two mechanisms are mutually exclusive:

Image Based Upgrades work on non writable images (read only filesystem)
Apt get works on writable images

Once on writable image mode the way to get back is to reflash the system (not necessarily losing your user data).

adb shell rm /userdata/.writable_image
ubuntu-device-flash [--channel channel_name]

Details on image based upgrades can be read further here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ImageBasedUpgrades

There is a third possibility and that's the one that you may have installed a cdimage based image which is writable by default and today is considered an intermediate image to get to the system images.


Unity doesn't load, no dasher but can see desktop icons and home ubuntu 13.10

I faced same issue & I tried all the options but nothing really worked for me either, after fighting around 6hrs I found solution on my own,it is kind of tricky lot of ppl said ccsm will work, but for me ccsm is not working too. it was throughing errors while executing command

$ccsm

so first go to
 1. Press Ctrl+Alt+F1 and log in.then install ccsm using below command:

       sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Press Ctrl+Alt+F7

on desktop open a folder, if you dont have one.just create it,and open it
then from there press backspace untill you reach to root dir from there navigate to

       /usr/bin/

from there search for gnome-terminal file, once you find double click on it, it will launch gnome terminal from there enter the command

     ccsm

it will launch compizconfig-settings-manager, there search for 'ubuntu unity plugin' click on it then enable unity plugin by checking it. now you will have unity and dash on top. Thanks all


It is most likely the fact that it is run in wine. It should not make such a big drop in FPS but when you run something in wine it runs slower because it is not native, neither is it emulated. If you can go into the game settings and see what the game thinks your graphics card is.


How to get response from Curl if post was successfull or not?

got it working with this

    int curl_code = curl_easy_perform(curl);
    long http_code = 0;
    curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &http_code);
    if (http_code == 200 && curl_code != CURLE_ABORTED_BY_CALLBACK)
    {
        cout << "Successfully posted the data";
    }
    else if (http_code == 404)
    {
        cout<<"Error code 404";
    }


Ubuntu GNOME display fails to start on boot

My most accurate guess is that this happens because I have encrypted my home directory (in addition to the disk encryption) during installation:


It is not a matter of having to "jump through hoops". It is just a matter of making the file executable. To do that, right-click the file, select "Properties", then the "Permissions" tab.
Whether you can directly run executables by double-clicking on executable files on the desktop is a different matter. Increasingly, launching files from everywhere is not anymore supported in Gnome Shell for security reasons. Instead, place the executables (or a link to them) in ~/bin or ~/.local/bin so you can easily load them from the terminal or the Alt+F2 command dialog. Alternatively, create .desktop launchers for these executables in ~/.local/share/applications, so you have access from the Activities overview or the Application overview, where you could place them on the Dock for quick access.
If a classical fully active desktop is crucial to your workflow, then consider moving to another desktop environment such as Mate, XFCE or Cinnamon. While the default Ubuntu desktop tries to restore desktop functionality, it uses a system that does not support that out of the box. That is why the active desktop in Ubuntu is limited in several ways.


Why does my laptop get too hot when the AC power is plugged in?

One of the known bugs of Ubuntu 11.04 Natty Narwhal is the power consumption increase and resulting heat. It is caused by the Linux Kernel 2.6.28. Upgrading to Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric Ocelot when it gets released should solve the problem.

Source:

  10-30% increase in power consumption.
  https://wiki.ubuntu.com/NattyNarwhal/TechnicalOverview#Linux_kernel


remove disks or other media during installation

Figured it out - I needed to create a bootable disk which I did using this guide

dropping the iso into a formatted usb drive simply wasnt enough.


mysql:error while loading shared libraries

You have to install single deb-package which contains this file by
sudo apt-get install libncurses5


Cannot install GDB on Ubuntu 17.10 due to Python dependency issues

On clean 17.10 installation gdb installs without problems.

You may have PPA.

Please check output of

ls -al /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.list (list PPAs sources.lists),
aptitude search '?narrow(?installed, ~Oppa)' (list of packages, installed from PPAs),
aptitude search '?narrow(?installed, ~o)' (list of obsolete packages) - see this answer for reference.

Also you can check solution from "How do I resolve unmet dependencies after adding a PPA?".

UPDATE:
it seems that you simply have python3.6 from deadsnakes team's PPA:
see http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python3.6/ (check it for 3.6.3-1+xenial2 versions).


You can try all these methods https://help.ubuntu.com/community/InstallingSoftware#Installing_packages_without_an_Internet_connection

If you cannot use USB sticks either you are left with packages on CD. So please check that those packages you want to install are on CD! As space of the CD is limited I doubt that lamp is available from CD. Maybe you can get a DVD with more packages on it.


Can I change the filesystem of a mounted disk?

No.

  Actually there IS a way to do this almost directly.

  You could easily convert NTFS to ext2 / ext3 with
  anyconvertfs
  from anyfs-tools

  Then you could convert it to ext4 using
  tune2fs.

-- Answer in "Convert filesystem NTFS -> EXT4?" by enzotib


Problem installing ffmpeg 4 on Ubuntu 18.04

Just install ffmpeg via snap:
sudo snap install ffmpeg

https://snapcraft.io/ffmpeg
snap search ffmpeg
Name                      Version             Publisher      Notes  Summary
ffmpeg                    4.3.1               snapcrafters   -      A complete solution to record, convert and stream audio and video.

https://github.com/snapcore/snapcraft/blob/master/docker/stable.Dockerfile


Creating a custom live distro based on Ubuntu - won't boot in SecureBoot

there are better options to create a own base image. On former Ubuntu dists you could use a technic called preseeding, but afaik this can't deal with UEFI.
The much simplear way is to use FAI (Fully Automated Installation). It's in use for the debian based Distro GRML.


Why are recent files in Nautilus sorted by name?

So that pane is intended not to be sortable, as evidenced here on the bug-tracker, and that is a bug.

Is it possible that you have accessed your files in that order?
I'm running a later version of Nautilus than in the ticket, 3.24-1-1, where-in the Recent Files pane is definitely sorting via most recently accessed at the top.

For your version try clicking the menu button, and setting the "last modified" and "last accessed" fields as visible, and then sorting by those. You should be able to sort it yourself for this version, but a later version will do this automatically.

Hope that helps!


I'm using Lide220 without problem. You need to install the latest sane drivers from git. Follow this link for directions.

Also note that I had to remove USB3 support from my motherboard BIOS to have the Lide220 work flawlessly 100% of the times.


How to emulate Windows window snapping/grid shortcuts?

I use the "grid" option of CompizConfig Settings Manager.  "Grid" is developed as an extra plugin, so you have to install compiz-fusion-plugins-extra  package (I couldn't see this in "software center", so did it through synaptic).

Once you have the plugins installed, in CCSM, go to "Window Managment", then select "Grid".  I modify my "put left" to be CTRL + SHIFT + left arrow (and do likewise for "put right", "put top", and "put bottom").  I map CTRL + SHIFT + enter to be "put center".

I am not sure about W7, but the GREAT thing about GRID is that if you hit it once, it will go to half the screen.  A second time goes to 1/3 of the screen.  A third time has it take up 2/3 of the screen.  Then, a fourth has it back to half.  So, you can set up documents side by side that need 1/3 or 2/3 of the screen as well as equally sharing 1/2 of the screen.

A MUST plugin for me in Linux!  And it works great!

Unity will be coming with a "snap feature" included, but I like the keyboard to do this setup for me!  CCSM GRID it is!


Install bluetooth driver in Ubuntu 20.04

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:blaze/rtbth-dkms

sudo apt update

sudo apt install rtbth-dkms

sudo vim /etc/rc.local

Add the command modprobe rtbth &> /dev/null right before "exit 0" and save.
sudo chmod 777 /etc/rc.local
sudo apt install blueman

Reboot.
sudo /etc/init.d/bluetooth start
systemctl start bluetooth
sudo modprobe btusb
sudo systemctl start bluetooth.service
sudo service bluetooth restart


Simple question: Is there a pre-defined Japanese laptop keyboard layout for Ubuntu 18.04.3?

The first part - using the ibus-mozc sometimes the system (or you) confuses which layout to use.
 To make it right for Japanese keyboard layout.

sudo vi /usr/share/ibus/component/mozc.xml

And the edit the content of

<layout>default</layout>

into

<layout>jp</layout>

And also edit the file

sudo vi /etc/default/keyboard

And the content should be like:

BACKSPACE="guess"
XKBMODEL="pc105"
XKBLAYOUT="jp"
XKBVARIANT=""
XKBOPTIONS=""

Save them and reboot.

The second part using unused keys as modifier keys.

sudo vi /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/inet

You get the lines at about 100th line.

key <HENK>   {      [ Henkan                ]       };
key <MUHE>   {      [ Muhenkan              ]       };

And change these, for example... Hyper_L and Meta_L

key <HENK>   {      [ Hyper_L                ]       };
key <MUHE>   {      [ Meta_L                 ]       };

Then your  and  keys will be assigned (when you reboot the computer.)


Getting a progress bar to work will (I believe) be hard, and will have to be implemented on a case by case basis for different applications (apt-get, dd, etc.).

On the other hand, changing the icon when a prompt is available is easier. Assume that there exist two scripts iconprompt and iconnoprompt which change gnome-terminal's icon on execution. [I've added sample iconprompt and iconnoprompt in the end]

So, all that remains to be done is to

Execute iconprompt when a prompt becomes available.
Execute iconnoprompt when a command starts executing.

These can be accomplished by adding the lines

export PROMPT_COMMAND='iconprompt'
trap 'iconnoprompt' DEBUG

to the .bashrc file in your homefolder.

The behaviour will not be as desired when you have more than one terminal open - one terminal running apt-get and another on which you're working. In this case icon changes will not be indicators of process completion. To handle this consider the following alternative solution:

Add

monitor() { iconnoprompt; "$@"; iconprompt; }

to .bashrc. To do sudo apt-get ...  you'll have to type monitor sudo apt-get .... The icon will be different only while the monitored command is running.

I recommend this solution, also because my iconprompt and iconnoprompt scripts take about 0.1 second to execute which will create a noticeable lag for commands like ls and cd.

(Sample) Content of iconnoprompt:

#!/usr/bin/python

from gi.repository import Unity, GObject
import threading, time

launcher = Unity.LauncherEntry.get_for_desktop_id ("gnome-terminal.desktop")
launcher.set_property("progress", 0.5)
launcher.set_property("progress_visible", True)

GObject.threads_init()
loop = GObject.MainLoop()

t = threading.Thread()
t.daemon = True
t.run = loop.run
t.start()

time.sleep(0.1)

(Sample) Content of iconprompt:

#!/usr/bin/python

from gi.repository import Unity, GObject
import threading, time

launcher = Unity.LauncherEntry.get_for_desktop_id ("gnome-terminal.desktop")
launcher.set_property("progress", 0.)
launcher.set_property("progress_visible", False)

GObject.threads_init()
loop = GObject.MainLoop()

t = threading.Thread()
t.daemon = True
t.run = loop.run
t.start()

time.sleep(0.1)

Set executable permissions to iconnoprompt and iconprompt and put them in your PATH. iconnoprompt will add a progress-bar to the gnome-terminal icon - but the progress value has no correlation with actual progress.


If you working behind proxy then set systemwide proxy in these two file ..

edit the file /etc/apt/apt.conf and add the following lines..

Acquire::http::proxy "http://username:password@host:port/";
Acquire::https::proxy "https://username:password@host:port/";

edit the file /etc/environment and then add the following lines..

http_proxy=http://username:password@host:port/
https_proxy=https://username:password@host:port/

Then use

sudo -E add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java


VirtualBox increase VDI file actual size for Ubuntu

Your virtual disk is about 20.5GB in size but it is only using about 8.5GB on your physical disk. It's dynamic so as you use space in your VM the 8.5GB figure will increase. sda3 is about 19.5GB in size but only about 8.8GB has been given to your lvm. That means that about 10GB is unallocated. You need to research how to manage your lvm and in particlar how to add space to it.
https://www.tecmint.com/extend-and-reduce-lvms-in-linux/


Why koala program won't open on ubuntu-gnome 15.10 ?

I found actual solution in on koala git-hub repo in Wiki tab in FAQ section (Koala Wiki).
In case anyone would encounter similar issue this is what you have to do:

Solution:

32bit: cd /lib/i386-linux-gnu/ or cd /usr/lib/

64bit: cd /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ or cd /usr/lib64/

sudo ln -s libudev.so.1 libudev.so.0

If the libudev file in linux-gnu directory is not found, please install libudev0 below:

libudev0 for 32bit
libudev0 for 64bit
Now, try run koala again.

PORBLEM SOLVED!


pam_access.so is not working when listsep is specified

In your debug log, you can see, that list is using whitespace.
...
pam_access(sshd:account): list_match: list= root , item=user
...
pam_access(sshd:account): list_match: list= devops , item=user
...
pam_access(sshd:account): list_match: list= ALL , item=user
...

Note that whitespaces around  root  and  devops  and  ALL .

with this setting, each and every user is allowed to login no matter whether they're in any specified group or not.

This is a correct behaviour, since you've defined in the /etc/security/access.conf rules with whitespaces (+ : root : ALL), whereas you've set, that the listsep=, is comma and not space. So no user is part of the  ALL , since the special keyword is ALL (without whitespaces).
The correct solution would be the /etc/pam.d/sshd:
account required pam_access.so listsep=, debug

And the /etc/security/access.conf:
+:root:ALL
+:devops:ALL
+:computer managers:ALL
-:ALL:ALL

And I gues, that devops and computer managers are groups, therefore we you should use paranthesis to denote group:
+:root:ALL
+:(devops):ALL
+:(computer managers):ALL
-:ALL:ALL

Sources:
$ man pam_access
...
       listsep=separators
           This option modifies the list separator character that pam_access will recognize when parsing the access configuration file. For example:
           listsep=, will cause the default ` ' (space) and `\t' (tab) characters to be treated as part of a list element value and `,' becomes the
           only list element separator. Doing this may be useful on a system with group information obtained from a Windows domain, where the default
           built-in groups "Domain Users", "Domain Admins" contain a space.
...
$ man access.conf
...
       The second field, the users/group field, should be a list of one or more login names, group names, or ALL (which always matches). To
       differentiate user entries from group entries, group entries should be written with brackets, e.g.  (group).
...


Boot problem, Neither Ubuntu nor Windows boots

First thing you need to make sure that secure boot is disable in bootloader.
After that make changes in boot option and select legacy option. The default one is UEFI.
Now insert bootable device whether it's pen drive or cd or DVD.
Press F12 and it will show you set of options. Select cd or DVD or pen drive under UEFI mode. Be cautious don't even do mistake in this selection. Don't select it under Legacy option.
Ubuntu installation screen will appear within few minutes. Go through it and reach till disk partition page.
If this doesn't show you anything don't be panic!! calm down, This means you have to remove dmraid from your installation setup. For that start Ubuntu installation from begining and select "Try Ubuntu" instead of "Install Ubuntu".
It will start within few minutes and show you the desktop screen from there select open Terminal.
And type. "sudo apt-get remove dmraid"
It will remove raid metadata which allows disk to be visible at disk partition page.

Make sure that the partition file system you wish to install Linux, Ubuntu or Backtrack on it is ext4, ext3 or ext2, and not FAT32 or NTFS.

Then mount / on it:

During the installation process press "change" on the partition you wish to use

Make sure "do not use this partition" scroll is not chosen, scroll to ext4, ext3 or ext2

On the "mount" field write /

Click ok, then next a message will appear saying something like "swap area was not defined, do you wish to continue or choose a swap area?", click "ok" and continue or click "go back" and choose another partition and click change, on the file system scroll choose "swap" and click "ok" and next

This will solve both "no root file system is defined" and the "swap area" message, if you still get the swap area message then on step 4 mount /swap to the partition.

At the end select device for boot loader as whole hard disk. e.g. Suppose 500 GB or something.

Create and Keep 100 MB for grub boot something.

Identifying if an Ubuntu has been installed in EFI mode
An Ubuntu installed in EFI mode can be detected the following way:

its /etc/fstab file contains an EFI partition (mount point: /boot/efi)
it uses the grub-efi bootloader (not grub-pc)
from the installed Ubuntu, open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) then type the following command:
[ -d /sys/firmware/efi ] && echo "Installed in EFI mode" || echo "Installed in Legacy mode"

Converting Ubuntu into EFI mode
Start Boot-Repair, click on "Advanced options", go to the "GRUB location" tab.

If you do not see a "Separate /boot/efi partition" line, this means that your PC does not have any EFI partition. In this case, exit Boot-Repair, then create an EFI partition (see the "Creating an EFI partition" paragraph above).
If you see a "Separate /boot/efi partition" line, tick it then click the "Apply" button.
Set up your BIOS so that it boots the HDD in EFI mode (see the ""Set up the BIOS in EFI or Legacy mode" paragraph above).

Check that in a set of listed partition you have one windows partition with EFS type and which is basically boot for windows.
Keep one thing that you only have one EFS partition in system.

Also follow boot-repair on
How do I Dual Boot Windows 8 UEFI and Ubuntu 12.10?

After installation restart system, press F12 and select Ubuntu under EFSI boot option.

Curtesy by:

"No root file system is defined" error during installation

Dual Booting Pre-installed Windows 8

Installing Ubuntu Alongside a Pre-Installed Windows with UEFI

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI#Setup_the_BIOS_in_EFI_or_Legacy_mode

How can I Install ubuntu on a pc preinstalled with Windows 8?

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1809562


Determine connection speed of USB Tethering

The USB thetering is unlikely named eth0 (which would normally be your standard network - ethernet port)

run:

ifconfig

there you can see all of your networking "devices".
try each of it with the ethtool then it should work.

My favorite tool to measure network speed live is nload. Install it with

sudo apt-get install nload


How to disable Bluetooth on startup Ubuntu 18.04?

With a little tweaking I found a solution and here is how you can create a script that will run on startup and perform an action to kill the Bluetooth service, and that would be the following (I use nano, feel free to use any other text editor):
Step 1:
Navigate to the folder:cd /etc/systemd/system/
Step 2:
First create a script that will kill the Bluetooth service once run:
nano bluetoothkill.sh
Step 3:
Enter the following code, save and exit:

#!/bin/bash
rfkill block bluetooth
exit 0

Step 4:
Create a foo.service file in the same folder /etc/systemd/system/ :
nano foo.service
Step 5:
Enter the following code, save and exit:

[Unit]
Description=Additional startup scripts
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/etc/systemd/system/bluetoothkill.sh

[Install]
WantedBy=default.target

Step 6:
Run the following command in the terminal:
sudo chmod 744 bluetoothkill.sh
Step 7:
Run the following command in the terminal:
sudo systemctl start foo.service
Step 8:
Restart the machine and on the next boot you will notice that the Bluetooth service is no longer enabled by default on startup. You can still enable it when ever you like in the settings, or the terminal it is behaving without any errors.
If you like to add more scripts on startup, you can always edit the  foo.service file and add additional lines under the [Service] bracket to run additional scripts on startup, for example:
ExecStart=/full-script-filepath/newscript.sh


How do I install Ubuntu onto a Mac Mini?

This question is old but it seems to be viewed a lot so thought i'd post this for anyone who happens across this..

This is for installing Ubuntu 13.10 on mac as the main OS (no refit or refind or dual boots) from an external usb drive, using OSX to prepare the media.

Create two partitions on an external usb drive via Disk Utility.  Format them both MS-DOS and name the first BOOT and the second UBUNTU.
Extract the contents of the Ubuntu ISO that you have downloaded.  You can use a free program called Keka
Copy (drag and drop) the content of the extracted ISO to your BOOT partition
Use this Ubuntu guide for using dd to create a live disk on your UBUNTU partition.
Reboot and hold down the option key, select EFI Boot and then Install Ubuntu

Essentially all we are doing is creating a partition for you mac to boot from and launch the installer and then a second live media partition that the installer will recognise and use to complete the install.


As long as eucalyptus provides ec2 API, you can use juju to deploy your workload on it.

And config is similar to ec2's. Modify endpoint accordingly. Note that we do not routinely test on Eucalyptus, but if you want to provide a working configuration snippet you can send it to the Juju mailing list for consideration of including it in the documentation.


Ryzen3 3200G VEGA8 low gpu performance - bad driver?

I recently bought a Ryzen 3200G and a Gigabyte B450M-DS3H with 16GB running Ubuntu 19.10.

The graphics are failing to draw the screen specially on web browsers, needing repeatedly refreshing or changing screen. Also, I had my system freezing completely I had to reset from time to time.

The ugly truth is AMD is not supporting Vega 8 embedded GPU for Linux and the Ryzen Zen will need more time to iron out all driver related issues.

But nobody is telling this out loud. Phoronix.com tested both 3200G and 3400G and didn't mention any issues. I had to discover the hard way.

So, my solution so far is:

Install Oibaff GPU drivers:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers
sudo apt update

Then upgrade or dist-upgrade. Some say dist-upgrade is a better and thorough upgrade.
After disabled IOMMU on BIOS, the GPU issues stopped and it appears to have an overall performance improvement.

My cheap MB doesn't have SVM, but you could try to disabled it on BIOS to see if something improves.

That is it.


do we require any Antivirus to be install in Ubuntu 13.04

In general, the answer is no, unless you need virus protection for Windows machines. Virus and other malware don't tend to bother to target Linux.


Lubuntu: How to change panel applet icon?

copy any icon you like from /usr/share/icons/ to ~/.config/lxpanel/LXDE/images/

add it to ~/.config/lxpanel/LXDE/gtkrc

style "wincmd"
{
   engine "pixmap" {
      image {
         function = FLAT_BOX
         file     = "images/your-image.png"
         border   = { 4, 4, 4, 4 }
         stretch  = TRUE
      }
   }
}

see here and here for more


Windows 8 uses a modified hibernate to shutdown/boot more quickly. If you need write access to the partition you should turn off the fast startup feature. If you write something while windows is in hibernate bad things will happen.

If read access is sufficient you can mount the partition like this:

 sudo mount -t ntfs -r /dev/sda2 /mnt/ntfs

where /dev/sda2 is the ntfs partition (sudo fdisk -l will give you an overview of your partitions) and /mnt/ntfs is the folder where the partition should be mounted (make sure the dir exists first)


No.

The "gateway" of which you speak is actually the "default gateway", the place where the system sends TCP/IP packets for which it has no other routing instructions (see man ip-route). How can there be TWO "last resorts"? There cannot be.

This sounds like an "XY problem" - what would you want to achieve with a second "gateway"?


Welcome to the world of Ubuntu.

IMHO, manually configuring the installation gives granular control. But, if you are not confident, then go for automated install.

regarding swap --- For manual install, before booting from the Ubuntu live CD, create a small partition for swap and another partition for Ubuntu (of whatever size you wish to have).
While installing, select the last option box (which is meant for manual install).
When it asks to select partitions, specify the small one for swap. (and do not forget to specify the correct mount point).
For automated install, you need not do anything for it.

regarding grub -- do not worry about it. Ubuntu installer will take care of it.

HTH


After update, flash plugin playing video too fast or too slow

The problem of videos playing/stuttering very quickly, like a fast-forward VHS, might be solved by disabling pulseaudio.

Trypulseaudio -k in terminal. You should see all sound die for a second or two. See if the video plays correctly right after that. If that fixes it, it will probably start having issues again later. I used this guide to replace pulseaudio with the alsa audio component, and it's worked fine for me ever since. (Ubuntu 12.04)


I guess this would do it.

iwconfig wlan0 | grep Bit | awk '{print $2}' | sed 's/Rate=//'

This will return the data rate.


email - Postfix name issue with using $header "name "

Must have been a long Friday when I posted the question. Now with a clear "Monday" head I was able to figure it out. The headers were not set correctly in terms of where the .= was for each one.

It should have been:

$headers = "From: " . $_POST['sendername'] . " <" . $_POST['senderemail'] . ">\r\n";
$headers .= "Reply-To: " . $_POST['sendername'] . " <" . $_POST['senderemail'] . ">\r\n";
$headers .= "To: " . $_POST['recipientname'] . " <" . $_POST['recipientemail'] . ">\r\n";


Why is sudo bash different from regular bash

All users, including root, have a set of environment variables that are applied each time a new shell is opened.

For a normal user you can add to the existing path by editing ~/.bashrc and putting the followling line at the very end:

PATH=$PATH:/mypath_to_my_files

For root I believe you would have to edit /root/.bashrc instead.  In this case however it probably makes sense to make sure that all users have this in their path and for this you can use the edit line above and just put it at the end of the file /etc/bash.bashrc


Epson Stylus SX420W doesn't print due to "Printer needs epson-espcr-wrapper package before printing." error

sudo apt-cache search escpr

gives:

epson-escpr - transitional dummy package for epson-escpr printer driver
libescpr-dev - printer driver for Epson Inkjet - library development files
libescpr1 - printer driver for Epson Inkjet - shared library
printer-driver-escpr - printer driver for Epson Inkjet that use ESC/P-R

I suggest to install printer-driver-escpr.
epson-escpr-wrapper is a cups filter and is likely to be found in /usr/lib/cups/filter/.

If that does not work out, download and install the deb package from openprinting.org.

sudo dpkg -i epson-inkjet-printer-escpr_{version}{arch}.deb


Go to /etc/modules-load.d/

cd /etc/modules-load.d

Create a conf file with name ending in .conf for example wacom.conf

sudo touch wacom.conf

Inside /etc/modules-load.d/wacom.conf (use for example sudo nano wacom.conf; just write the name of the module you want to load ie, wacom
Reboot and it will be loaded by systemd at boot time


Cairo dock startup issues on ubuntu 15.04

Solved in comments:

Run this command: ls ~/.config/autostart –  Tim
There is no output with that –  nana
Run this command: ls /usr/share/applications/ | grep cairo –  Tim
The output: cairo-dock-cairo.desktop and cairo-dock.desktop –   nana
Run this command cp /usr/share/applications/cairo ~/.config/autostart/ –  Tim

The issue was the launcher wasn't in the autostart folder. If this ever happens again, use the last two commands - just change cairo to a word from the name of the program that isn't starting. Command 2 is optional, but is sensible to check what you are copying.


Command-Line Way to Make Update Notifier Check Daily

Update Notifier already checks daily.
It's an apt systemd timer. It runs at a different random time each day.
In this example, you can see that apt-daily (which runs sudo apt update) ran 4:24 ago, and will run again in 1:37.
$ systemctl list-timers apt-daily.timer
NEXT                        LEFT          LAST                        PASSED       UNIT            ACTIVATES
Tue 2020-10-13 22:15:09 CDT 1h 37min left Tue 2020-10-13 16:12:52 CDT 4h 24min ago apt-daily.timer apt-daily.service

Randomization: The randomization evens out the load on the mirrors. Those mirrors are storage and bandwidth volunteered by organizations worldwide -- be very nice to them.
The random time is set by a line in /lib/systemd/system/apt-daily.timer. You can disable it and set a specific daily time, but remember to be a good neighbor: Don't hammer mirrors by picking a common time. If possible, leave the randomization alone. It works.


Try to reinstall Dropbox using the official Dropbox PPA :

sudo apt-get purge dropbox
sudo apt-add-repository "deb http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu trusty main"

In the previous command replace trusty (Ubuntu 14.04) with your current Ubuntu version.

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 1C61A2656FB57B7E4DE0F4C1FC918B335044912E
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install dropbox

Launch Dropbox using your Dash, or in a termianl (Ctrl+Alt+T) :

dropbox


Downloads from Chrome or any shortcut from Places menu opens with Evince

Need to change your default file manager. Either follow the steps at help.ubuntu.com, or simply type

 exo-preferred-applications

at the command line, select the 'utilities tab' and switch to your favorite file manager (e.g. Nautilus, Thunar).


I was able to resolve my problem. I would like to give Doug Smythies a shout out for pointing me in the right direction!

I indeed was running the intel_pstate CPU frequency driver. the following is what I did to resolved it.

Disable intel_psate. You can do this by modifying /etc/default/grub and adding intel_pstate=false parameter to the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT line. It should look like this:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=”quiet splash intel_pstate=disable".
Then save the file and run sudo update-grub.
Install cpufrequtils package: sudo apt-get install cpufrequtils
Edit /etc/init.d/cpufrequtils file and set the following line to the governor you need (performance in my case): GOVERNOR=”performance”
reboot


Ubuntu 14.04 taking far too long to start

Try pressing Ctrl Alt F1. then type these commands:

 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get install gnome-shell
 sudo apt-get install ubuntu-gnome-desktop


Can't access Ubuntu through USB after installation?

At first glance, this looks like a Boot order issue in your BIOS.

The USB Stick you created was needed for installation, but once you installed Ubuntu you don't need to keep it plugged it. So, first thing: remove USB stick. :)

The next thing is to change your boot order to 'Ubuntu'. You will need to do this in the BIOS.

How to enter the BIOS can change from PC to PC. Sometimes it is hitting DEL when you first start up, sometimes it's F2. Your manufacturer will set that. Another option is to get Windows to go into the BIOS for you.
Press and hold SHIFT while clicking on RESTART in Windows and follow the prompts (Troubleshoot->UEFI Firmware Settings)

Now you need to find the Boot menu, and select 'Ubuntu' as the default.

As an alternative to select a one-time boot option, a number of PCs have F12 as the key to hit when first starting the computer.

See if any of these work.

If you are dual-booting (which I am assuming you are, since you only gave 100GB to Ubuntu) then this should bring the GRUB menu to select either 'Ubuntu' or 'Windows'. Once you select 'Ubuntu, you will boot into your Ubuntu installation.


I had the same problem. The following steps fixed the issue for me:

Go to Settings -> Region & Language
Temporarily remove all other keyboard layouts, just leave Bulgarian.
Try writing something - now you should see Bulgarian characters
Finally, re-add the other keyboard layouts (English US in my case) and reorder them to suit
your liking.


Android devices not recognized in Ubuntu 16.04

Chiming in with somewhat similar experience: The issue was a cable I bought from dx.com. It charged but it wouldn't connect data. Even weirder is that it worked in Windows 10.

A micro-USB with a micro-to-C-adapter worked though! Also bought from China

tl;dr: Try different cables, preferrably the original one (I've lost it)


Where can I find my call history on Ubuntu Phone?

Go to the phone app, than pull up the window at the bottom were it says Recent: lists All and Missed calls!


As turned out it actually worked. All I had to do is to launch Geany from /usr/share/applications/geany.desktop file for the theme to kick in.


problem after upgrading ubuntu 12.04 to 12.10

Since the upgrade completed successfully (except for Grub), use boot-repair to repair your Grub installation.


zsh doesn't use .profile it uses .zshrc or .zprofile

also you need to change your PATH exports to prepend not postfix

export PATH=:/usr/local/heroku/bin:$PATH


Automated PXE boot image selection and customized boot images

I expect Raspberry PI 3b+ having same network interface model so MAC having same Producer ID.

Set DHCP server to subnet them based MAC partial-matching. Leave PC subnet the default/fallback. See man dhcp.conf for isc-dhcp server.
Set separate PXE configuration for PC+Others/subnet and RP/subnet in TFTP server. Put a boot menu in each so end-user can force it, if it didn't get correct configuration. See PXE Boot Server Installation Steps in Ubuntu Server VM

Those donated PC's may need setting an exception, either within DHCP or TFTP server.
iPXE is for old net interfaces that don't support PXE. gPXE is to support other protocols than TFTP for faster file transfer like NFS,HTTP..etc
For running some scripts after boot, check How do I create a completely unattended install of Ubuntu? for kickstart and preseed. (Puppet may be an overkill)


Is Ubuntu planning to have something similar to Akonadi?

Under Gnome (and Unity) Evolution Data Server, a part of the Evolution PIM suite, provides similar functionality for task, calendar, and addressbook information.  It is also used in Nokia's Maemo platform to store contact data.

I am not aware of anything offering similar functionality for e-mail data, but Desktop Couch could be used in that manner.  The present lack of a standard data schema for representing e-mail as CouchDB documents would make interoperability between different applications using it as a data store difficult, however.


Stuck on Stopping System V runlevel compatibility

I've checked in French Ubuntu forums, unfortunately to no avail for me, and for some this did work:

You need to verify that your /home/$USER/.Xauthority file is not owned by root.

You can simply check that with ls -ld .Xauthority (assuming you are in the home directory) and revert it back with

sudo chown $SUDO_USER .Xauthority

Let me know if that helped. I had to reinstall from scratch.


I tried the following. On my Macbook Pro, I opened the terminal and typed in: system_profiler SPUSBDataType
The system recognized the Aquaris M10 HD. Following, I opened Android File Transfer, and now everything works fine.
Gerd


wmctrl offers a way to change a window's size and position. To move a window with ID = 11 to 50,50 and resize it to 250,250, use:

wmctrl -ir 11 -e 0,50,50,250,250

About the argument of option -r the manpage says:

  This  argument specifies a window that is the target of an action. By
  default the argument is treated as if were a string, and windows are
                examined until one is found with a title the contains the specified string as a substring. The substring matching is done in
  a case insen‐
                sitive  manner. The -F option may be used to force exact, case sensitive title matching. The option -i may be used to
  interpret the window
                target as a numeric window identity instead of a string.

About the argument of option -e the manpage says:

  A move and resize argument has the format 'g,x,y,w,h'.  All five components are integers. The first value, g, is the gravity
  of  the  window, with 0 being the most common value (the default value for the window). Please see the EWMH specification for other
  values. The  four remaining values are a standard geometry specification: x,y is the position of the top left corner of the
  window, and w,h is the
                width and height of the window, with the exception that the value of -1 in any position is interpreted to mean that the
  current  geometry
                value should not be modified.

Read man wmctrl for more information.

An alternative way is provided by xdotool. To move a window with ID = 11 to 50,50 and resize it to 250,250, use:

xdotool windowmove 11 50 50 windowsize 11 250 250

See this answer and of course man xdotool for details.


Upgraded to 15.10 and cds wouldn't play anymore. Reverted to 15.04 and cds play. Any way to get cds to play in 15.10?

Hi install the Ubuntu restricted add on available in the software center


Add some default extension to executable search

If you're willing to lose the default command-not-found features (which look up packages providing the command, etc.), then define a command_not_found_handle function which tests if a .exe version is available in the PATH:

command_not_found_handle ()
{
    if command -v "$1".exe; then
        "$1".exe "${@:2}";
        return $?;
    else
        return 127;
    fi
}

For example, testing with sh instead of .exe:

$ z
z: command not found
$ command_not_found_handle () { if command -v "$1"sh; then "$1"sh "${@:2}"; return $?; else return 127; fi; }
$ z -c 'echo "$@"' _ b c
/usr/bin/zsh
b c
$ ba -c 'echo "$@"' _ b c
/bin/bash
b c

Of course, this depends on how WSL is hooking into bash to provide access to the Windows commands (if WSL is using command_not_found_handle itself, then this won't work). Tested on WSL, it works.

The original, default, definition of command_not_found_handle is in /etc/bash.bashrc:

$ tail -15 /etc/bash.bashrc
if [ -x /usr/lib/command-not-found -o -x /usr/share/command-not-found/command-not-found ]; then
        function command_not_found_handle {
                # check because c-n-f could've been removed in the meantime
                if [ -x /usr/lib/command-not-found ]; then
                   /usr/lib/command-not-found -- "$1"
                   return $?
                elif [ -x /usr/share/command-not-found/command-not-found ]; then
                   /usr/share/command-not-found/command-not-found -- "$1"
                   return $?
                else
                   printf "%s: command not found\n" "$1" >&2
                   return 127
                fi
        }
fi

You can just include that code in the redifinition:

command_not_found_handle ()
{
    if command -v "$1".exe; then
        "$1".exe "${@:2}";
        return $?;
    else
        # check because c-n-f could've been removed in the meantime
        if [ -x /usr/lib/command-not-found ]; then
           /usr/lib/command-not-found -- "$1"
           return $?
        elif [ -x /usr/share/command-not-found/command-not-found ]; then
           /usr/share/command-not-found/command-not-found -- "$1"
           return $?
        else
           printf "%s: command not found\n" "$1" >&2
           return 127
        fi
    fi
}

Or, use this trick to automatically insert the old definition:

eval "original_$(declare -f command_not_found_handle)"
command_not_found_handle () {
    if command -v "$1".exe; then
        "$1".exe "${@:2}";
        return $?;
    else
        original_command_not_found_handle "$@"
    fi
}


Just installed ubuntu 11.10. Looking for a nice, easy to install theme

You can't change the position of the dock but for themes there are some in official repositories.

Gnome-Look is the place for all your themes need.

There are some ppa's to install some famous themes and icon-set:

Equinox-Theme and Faenza-ICons

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tiheum/equinox
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gtk2-engines-equinox equinox-theme faenza-icon-theme

Elementary theme/Icon
I think you get it from official repository.

Orta theme which also recommend Faenza Icons

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nikount/orta-desktop
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install orta-theme

I myself use Zukitwo with Faenza-Cupertino from webupd8-themes-ppa

For dock: There are also various choices in the official repositories like avant-window-navigator or docky or cairo-docks Or a new and a simple dock plank which can be installed from ppa


I presume Samba is installed?

sudo apt-get install samba

Open Nautilus, press ctrll. In the address bar type smb://location.of.folder

When you use connect to server, is the new mounted now listed on the left hand side of Nautilus as a mounted drive ?


How do I insert page numbers in Libreoffice? Microsoft-Office style

Please see this link for instructions on inserting page numbers!
https://help.libreoffice.org/Writer/Inserting_Page_Numbers_in_Footers


How do I set VNC Server so that on system reboot it is auto started?

You might want to try x11vnc - a very powerful, relatively easy to use solution.

Please see my previous answer on a similar topic for more info.  That answer also points towards a number of different ways to set x11vnc up as a service on login.  I have this working for my own personal server and it's been completely reliable.


The system may be unstable, but this is what might work:

Uninstall Unity from the newer computer, so sudo apt-get remove unity should work if Unity isn't running yet.
Run a package manager (such as Synaptic) on the older computer that supports downloading the package without installing it. Download Unity as the newer versions wouldn't be in the 11.04 repositories.
Find out where it is and copy it over.
Install the package on the new computer. I think Ubuntu Software Center can install .deb packages

If this does work, your system may be unstable and programs are going to crash a lot. However I could be wrong and installing older Unity could be completely fine. If there are problems when installing, you might have to sudo apt-get remove unity-*in case some supplemental package isn't deleted from uninstalling.

EDIT: Reading your post again sounds like you found out from searching that what I thought would work didn't, but only you know


I am looking for an application to transcribe audio to text

I think you may find Parlatype useful, found in the repositories.
Parlatype is a minimal audio player for manual speech transcription.
It plays audio sources to transcribe them in your favorite text application.
And it has integration with LibreOffice.
To install it and test if it meets your expectations, open a terminal and run in it:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install  parlatype parlatype-libreoffice-helpers

I hope you find it useful.


No I know the solution: a bit strange I have to admit.

I had to login into my router and make it a non protected wifi (no password required). I connected without a password and without a problem. Then I put it on WPA/WPA2 again like before. Now it connects with the same password. Very strange but it worked.


PulseEffects sound only comes out of left speaker

Check out this thread.
My issue was with pulseEffects set for the left side only in sound settings, just had to move it to center and it works fine now:


I have just found the answer to my question here.

It seems the ~/.config/inkscape/extensions folder can only be accessed with root priviledges. Therefore, by default, when inkscape is launched it won't be able to load the extensions.

I downgraded the root priviledges of every files in the /extensions folder using :

sudo chown $USER:$USER ~/.config/inkscape/extensions/*

Textext is working just fine now.


Is there an Ubuntu app that connects to, plays, and/or manages Google Music?

Nuvola Player

It integrates with Unity, you can use media keys, and it currently supports Google Play, Amazon Cloud Player, Deezer, Pandora Radio, and Rdio.


Startup problems - Dual-boot Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.10

windows boot manager won't recognize ubuntu and so only loads up windows, and did you turn off fast boot in windows?


I can't get dwww to work - Keeps getting 404 Not Found

dwww uses cgi to serve the webpages and cgi is no longer enabled in apache2 by default; so you need to enable cgi:

sudo a2enmod cgi

And then restart the apache2 service with:

service apache2 restart

That will solve the major problem you are experiencing with dwww returning not found.

But you might run into another problem. dwww allows access from the web server to files in /var/www/dwww and /usr/share/doc (and it will follow symlinks in other directories to /usr/share/doc).

The additional problem you may find is that some of the documentation files are not in /usr/share/doc.

For example (this will depend on what documentation you have installed), some directories in /usr/share/gtk-doc/html are symlinked to /usr/share/doc/.... These will display is dwww without problem.

But other files are not and will not display automatically. The /usr/share/gtk-doc/html/atk directory, for example, does not use a symlink to /usr/share/doc. Trying to open these files with dwww results in:

dwww will not allow you to read the file /usr/share/gtk-doc/html/atk/index.html

There is probably a solution for this involving apache2/dwww configuration; but I'm no expert in apache2 security and wouldn't want to introduce a problem.

The simple workaround is to use the file:// protocol for those (very) few files where you find this problem.

For the atk documentation example above, the generated url is:

http://<server-name>/cgi-bin/dwww/usr/share/gtk-doc/html/atk/index.html?type=html

You can go up to the address bar and edit it to:

file:///usr/share/gtk-doc/html/atk/index.html?type=html

and the file will then load.


How is the default user given sudo access without being listed in sudoers?

If your account was created during installation, it will be part of the sudo group, and the sudo group is mentioned in that file (the line with %sudo). You can confirm this by running the groups command, which lists the groups your user is a member of.


Package manager, dpkg-query is not available

The manual explains it ;-) man dpkg-query:
-p, --print-avail [package-name...]
       Display details about packages, as found in
       /var/lib/dpkg/available.  If no package-name is specified, it will
       display all package entries in the available database (since dpkg
       1.19.1).  When multiple package-name are listed, the requested
       available entries are separated by an empty line, with the same
       order as specified on the argument list.

       Users of APT-based frontends should use `apt show package-name`
       instead as the available file is only kept up-to-date when using
       dselect.

The last sentence explains it: use apt show package-name
Example:
$ apt show firefox
Package: firefox
Version: 87.0+build3-0ubuntu4
Priority: optional
Section: web
Origin: Ubuntu

$ apt show git
Package: git
Version: 1:2.30.2-1ubuntu1
Priority: optional
Section: vcs
Origin: Ubuntu

etc.


Under certain situations, the -dbg packages don't work correctly. Instead, try the -dbgsym packages, available from the separate "debug symbols" repository:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DebuggingProgramCrash

However, when trying this locally with Ubuntu 9.10, I have no problem loading symbols using the existing php5-dbg package. Perhaps make sure you have the latest updates installed first, and then try it?

As an example:

$ cat /tmp/test.php
<?php sleep(10); ?>
$ gdb php
...
(gdb) run /tmp/test.php
...
^C
Program received signal SIGINT, Interrupt.
0xf7fe0430 in __kernel_vsyscall ()
(gdb) bt
#0  0xf7fe0430 in __kernel_vsyscall ()
#1  0xf7a13b50 in nanosleep () from /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc.so.6
#2  0xf7a13991 in sleep () from /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc.so.6
#3  0x081fbfc1 in zif_sleep (ht=1, return_value=0x866d204,
    return_value_ptr=0x0, this_ptr=0x0, return_value_used=0)
    at /build/buildd/php5-5.2.10.dfsg.1/ext/standard/basic_functions.c:4787
#4  0x082f9616 in zend_do_fcall_common_helper_SPEC (execute_data=0xffffafbc)
    at /build/buildd/php5-5.2.10.dfsg.1/Zend/zend_vm_execute.h:200
#5  0x082f511b in execute (op_array=0x866d7f0)
    at /build/buildd/php5-5.2.10.dfsg.1/Zend/zend_vm_execute.h:92
#6  0x082cf414 in zend_execute_scripts (type=8, retval=0x0, file_count=3)
    at /build/buildd/php5-5.2.10.dfsg.1/Zend/zend.c:1215
#7  0x08284166 in php_execute_script (primary_file=0xffffd454)
    at /build/buildd/php5-5.2.10.dfsg.1/main/main.c:2046
#8  0x08352c38 in main (argc=2, argv=0xffffd554)
    at /build/buildd/php5-5.2.10.dfsg.1/sapi/cli/php_cli.c:1170


I am running 64 bit Java on a 64 bit system and the JNLP still seems to download and launch the application properly.


One folder having two different locations on Ubuntu 18.04

As pointed out in the comments but not as a proper answer:

In many cases, a symbolic link is the easiest solution.

You can create them easily on the command line (using the ln command with -s parameter).
You can create them easily using a GUI as well: Most file browsers (nautilus, ...) let you create a symbolic link using drag and drop (like for moving a file) while holding down a modifier key (CTRL+SHIFT).

Example for command line usage:

$ mkdir first_dir
$ ln -s ./first_dir ./second_dir
$ ls
first_dir  second_dir

$ touch ./first_dir/test_1
$ touch ./second_dir/test_2

$ ls ./first_dir
test_1  test_2

$ ls ./second_dir
test_1  test_2


Can I run Ubuntu solely from an external drive?

Just a bit of a linux newb, but here's what I discovered in setting up Ubuntu 18.04 on a thumbdrive so I can carry my own OS around with me everywhere.

If you do this, you need to be 100% certain never to prematurely unplug the drive before your computer is fully shut down, or you'll have no end of headaches.
It's possible to accidentally overwrite your main drive's bootloader, making the very act of booting your PC dependent on having your USB drive connected, windows installed on the non-portable hard drive or not. Best to be certain you're setting up correctly every step of the way.
Install grub MBR rather than EFI in order to achieve full compatibility in booting on older machines, though having it ALSO installed in an efi partition is handy if you want to attach it to something like a mac (which is a pain in the ass to switch compatible USB booting on for.)
(Optional) As a helpful note, I had a spare laptop lying around I could afford to mess up the OS install on, confident that in the worst case I'd just nuke-and-pave it. If you've got a spare lying around, set up your portable OS from that laptop instead and just move the drive over to your main device after the fact.

This guide was extremely useful to me in setting up my portable Ubuntu.

https://www.dionysopoulos.me/253-portable-ubuntu-on-usb-hdd.html


Get system locale language code in bash for a dynamic path

This might be what you need:

#!/bin/bash

lang=$(locale | grep LANGUAGE | cut -d= -f2 | cut -d_ -f1)

PathToParentDir="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
sudo linguist-qt4 $PathToParentDir/translate_$lang.ts


See the 1st line in that paragraph:

  Es gibt einige Verzeichnisse, bei denen sich eine Sicherung nicht lohnt, weil ihr Inhalt nur vorübergehend benötigt wird (Cache) oder schnell wieder erstellt werden kann (Thumbnails)

it is a cache ("Zwischenspeicher"). So it is not actual user data.

  What should I backup instead for Akonadi?

~/.local/share/contacts for the contacts
~/.config/akonadi holds the config files

If you want to move from 1 system to another you can copy ~/.local/share/akonadi over to the other system. But as stated: this is a "cache" so it changes quickly and is restored when you use Akonadi.


I see chinese characters when trying to read dvd content

OP solves the question and OP's comment made an answer.

  Although I did not understand you, you helped me to focus on the right point. LANG=en_US.UTF-8 is the locale in my installation, locale in windows was either english or greek. After downloading from language support (in System settings) some extra packages, it works correctly. Thank you for help.


How to download Ubuntu packages when you can't connect from an Ubuntu machine

Visit Ubuntu Packages Search webpage, and under the heading that says Search type the name of the package you are searching for in the Keyword: text entry field, select your distribution from the dropdown menu to the right of where it says Distribution:, and click the Search button to show the search results.

The search results of Ubuntu Packages Search may contain more than one package. Select the package you want to download, select the operating system architecture (either amd64 or i386), select a download mirror which has a location close to you, and download the package.

In addition to searching for packages in all the currently supported releases, Ubuntu Packages Search also supports searching for packages from the second latest release even if that release is an EOL release. For example in September, 2018 the gcc package from the second latest release, Ubuntu 17.10, can still be found at https://packages.ubuntu.com/artful/gcc as shown in the screenshot. This is useful when you need to download and install a missing package for 17.10 in order to upgrade it to 18.04, even if 17.10 is currently an End Of Life release.


Ubuntu installer doesn't show my internal SSD when booted from usb

i have no knowledge of macs, but concerning your mac it may be a "m2" ssd and in this case, there is a turnaround : when starting from an usb key, pressing F12 (on MAC ??) to get access to the boot device selection, as soon as you have the firts grub screen, you must edit the command line ("e" command) and add "nvme_load=YES",  before booting (replacing "quiet splash ---"

see details on this page here :

https://www.dell.com/support/article/fr/fr/frdhs1/sln299303/loading-ubuntu-on-systems-using-pcie-m2-drives?lang=en

(Dell but i suppose this will work for other machines)

hope this may help ...


HP Pavilion X2 10: Cannot boot Windows 10 efi

This question is offtopic since it relates to Windows and not Ubuntu directly, nevertheless I will answer it and redirect you to https://superuser.com/

open CMD on a Windows machine and use DISKPART.

list disk
select disk 1 (or the intended disk, be careful because external drives and local drives are listed also)
clean
create partition primary
active
assign
format fs=fat32 quick
exit

Open Windows 10 .iso file and copy all files to your USB pendrive. It should boot normally with or withour UEFI enabled. (As a personal recommendation I always enable UEFI)


Add global menu / appmenu in xubuntu 11.10 64-bit (like mac/unity)?

Since i don't have an 64bit machine , i only published 32bit packages , please try to compile it from source code:

http://opendesktop.org/content/show.php?content=146102

On this page , i provided source code for downloading , you may need to run:

sudo apt-get build-dep xfce4-indicator-plugin -y

to get all development headers ahead of compilation


First I must warn you: on the average thumb drive, Ubuntu will run VERY SLOWLY the way you wish to install it. It is also likely that you will run out of space very quickly (I happen to have installed and attempted to use Ubuntu in this very same way once).

Ok, so the first thing you need is two thumb drives (yes, two): one to run as a live usb and one to install onto (this one will need to be at least 5 GB).

So first, create an Ubuntu live usb on the first flash drive. Plug both flash drives into your computer and boot to the one that is the live usb (if you can't determine which that is, pull out the one that isn't and then plug it back in once you have booted).

Once the live usb boots, click "Install Ubuntu." On the screen asking you to choose to overwrite your current os, install Ubuntu alongside it, or something else, choose something else. This will bring you to a tool which you can use to dedicate partitions to specific purposes in Ubuntu.

Your hard drive is shown automatically. First make sure that none of these partitions are marked "swap." This happened to me and I lost the swap on my regular Ubuntu installation. Select your thumb drive that you would like to install to from the devices menu. There should be just one big partition on it. Shrink this partition by no more than 1 GB. Then, mark the big partition as the root partition and the small partition as the swap partition.

With that done, click continue or next or whatever the button is (sorry, I'm not looking at it right now) and continue with the installation as you would normally.

The installer will do the rest of the work after you input just a little more information. It will install Ubuntu onto your flash drive.

However, as I stated above, this will run very slowly and run out of space quickly, no matter how good the computer you are using it on is. I recommend simply making this flash drive into an Ubuntu live usb with the biggest persistence file possible, you should be able to run fine off of that, but a flash drive is still slower than a hard drive.

I also must include one more warning: this means that your installation is potentially going to be used on multiple machines, so if one specific machine needs something else to run (I am thinking of drivers) Ubuntu, it may render the installation unusable for any machine except the one you installed drivers for.


Install boost version 1.40 from terminal

First, determine the available versions you can install with the following command (use for packagename the name of the program that you want to install):

apt-cache showpkg [packagename]

Next, run the apt-get install command and specify the package version you want to install (use for version the version number previously determined of the program that you want to install):

sudo apt-get install [packagename]=[version]

After it's installed, run the following command to hold your installed version, preventing the package manager from automatically updating it in the future:

sudo echo "[packagename] hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections

Source: How to Downgrade Packages on Ubuntu.


SRST failed (errno = -16) while resuming from suspend

This has not been answered in 5 years and I doubt you are still stuck but I will write this in case others have this problem.

I have had this problem before and it is usually caused by a loose (or bad) cable between the hard drive and the motherboard.

The first attempt to solve the problem should be to disconnect and reattach both ends of all the hard drive cables. If the "SRST failed" message continues then replace the cables with new cables. If that does not work, it could be the connector on the drive or the mainboard.


Upgrade from 14.04 to 16.04, gnome-settings-daemon equivalent?

Update: Take a look at running i3 with a gnome session. You can use i3 as the window manager, and have gnome handle all of the multimedia key functionality.

i3 with Gnome-Flashback
Using i3 with Gnome


What is the user-level command to suspend

There is a new answer to this at How can I suspend/hibernate from command line?. You can suspend your machine (if it supports that) without any password by typing

dbus-send --system --print-reply \
    --dest="org.freedesktop.UPower" \
    /org/freedesktop/UPower \
    org.freedesktop.UPower.Suspend

This works for me on Ubuntu 12.04. Credits to Adam who posted the answer over there.


No WiFi on Kubuntu even after disabling secure boot?

So I managed to fix it. I have Kubuntu installed with Windows as a dual boot.
I booted into Windows and found that Wifi was turned off. I turned it back on again, reconnected to my network, booted back into Kubuntu and suddenly it was working again.
Weird fix, but maybe this will save someone else three hours of woe.


Why did the `files` sidebar shortcut bg turned orange?

On top of why the colours are the way they are in this Q&A: What are the different colors on the unity launcher icons?, you received an update to the file manager icon itself, so the background changed automatically as well.

If you would want red back: the icons of all applications are located in: /usr/share/icons (and its numerous subdirectories).  Just edit all the system-file-manager.png files and colour the orange drawer in red and the red background will come back.


Gnome Shell battery indicator shows 2 batteries

mmm I think I found out what it is: It seems that the second battery indicator shows the charge level of my bluetooth mouse battery...
Can someone confirm that?


Find and Grep working properly via prompt but not via Jenkins

The problem was that I was testing the server bash but my Jenkins was configured to use sh. Once I fix this configuration aiming the Shell scripts to run over /bin/bash worked properly.


You'd normally use the -u flag for this. From tar's man page:

 -u, --update
       only append files newer than copy in archive

so this sequence will do what you need:

# First create the tar file. It has to be UNCOMPRESSED for -u to work
tar -cvf my.tar some-directory/
# ... update some files in some-directory
# ... add files in some-directory
# Now update only the changed and added files
tar -uvf my.tar some-directory/
# Compress if desired
gzip my.tar

For a slightly more detailed look, see here: http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_node/how-to-update.html


It is a bug, this is a partial workaround.
To workaround quit out using the launcher (or just closing the window) and relaunch leaving the indicator in the top menu running) even with the desktop file below results seem inconsistent and buggy.

Create a new launcher that has StartupWMClass=Spotify defined.
You can make a spotify.desktop file with these contents:
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Spotify
GenericName=Music Player
Comment=Listen to music using Spotify
Icon=spotify-client
Exec=spotify %U
TryExec=spotify
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Qt;Audio;Music;Player;AudioVideo
MimeType=x-scheme-handler/spotify
StartupWMClass=Spotify

Or edit the orginal from /opt/spotify/spotify-client/spotify.desktop (requires superuser permissions) adding the line StartupWMClass=Spotify at the end
Save it somewhere you can keep it like "Documents". Then drag it to the launcher.
This will make sure that the windows with the WMClass named spotify will open under that icon.
Code to get WMClass of a window:
xprop|grep WM_CLASS

This returns the following when clicking on the spotify window:
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "spotify", "Spotify"

(This seems to only partially solve the issue, completely exiting will probably end up with two icons again)
Note: I noticed that the problem started happening less and less the more I launched it - this is probally due to my system having preload installed, it might help:
https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/preload/


SSH EXEC not working to execute remote jar cmd

nohup and console outputs...

The point is to redirect output to the null device.

ssh user@host "sh -c 'cd /working/dir; nohup command -options > /dev/null 2>&1 &'"
# invoking sh makes output redirections easyier

ssh root@ip "sh -c 'nohup /path/to/java -jar /path/to/app.jar > /dev/null 2>&1 &'"

Of course, output can be saved to a file

nohup some_command > output.log 2>&1 &

EDIT after comments

X:expect Y:nohup
expect man page
more info about expect on Wikipedia

to automate connection via ssh then start a program and interact (as display output logs), expect could do the trick.

Install expect on your local machine

sudo apt-get install expect

Create a small script, lets name it startItUp.sh and make it executable

#!/usr/bin/expect -f
spawn ssh user@host

# Its not recommended to insert a password in a script
# a good practice will be to copy key with ssh_copy_id
#expect "password: "
#send "myP@sswOrd\r"

# once ssh connection is enabled, lets expect for prompt
expect "$ "
# i got the prompt, i send a command
send "cd /go/to/needed/dir \r"

# again
expect "$ "
send "java -jar app.jar \r"

# let me interact (for example, i'll be able to ctrl+c)
interact


default-jdk in 18.04 has the following description:

Description: Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit
 This dependency package points to the Java runtime, or Java compatible
 development kit recommended for this architecture, which is
 openjdk-11-jdk for amd64.

The results of apt-cache depends default-jdk are as follows:

default-jdk
  Depends: default-jre
  Depends: default-jdk-headless
  Depends: openjdk-11-jdk

The results of apt-cache rdepends default-jdk show that openjdk-11-jdk does not depend on default-jdk. default-jdk points to a Java runtime or Java compatible development kit, but uninstalling default-jdk does not uninstall either of these packages.

To remove the packages installed by default-jdk, run the following command:

sudo apt remove openjdk-11-jre-headless openjdk-11-jre openjdk-11-jdk-headless openjdk-11-jdk


Take the following steps:

open a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
In the terminal type:

ping www.google.com

You will probably get time out as reply or not a reply at all
Press Ctrl+C to stop the ping command.
In the terminal now type:

ping 1.1.1.1

This will try to ping Cloudflare's DNS. If you get replies then the problem lies within your DNS server.

If you don't get a reply then you are not connected to the Internet through your router. (which is en issue outside of Ubuntu and off-topic here)


Difference between installing libx:i386 and lib32x

The practical difference between these packages is where the libraries are located. With libfoo:i386, libraries end up in multiarch paths such as /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu whereas with lib32foo:amd64 libraries end up in the "old" paths such as /usr/lib32. In a distant future we would get rid of any lib32foo packages, but we are not there yet. At least lib32stdc++6 is needed for building gcc-X.Y at the moment, because it builds gcc-X.Y-multilib which is capable of supporting switches such as -m32 to select the target architecture (i.e. the architecture of the resulting binary). Without the lib32foo packages, the build-dependencies of gcc-X.Y would cross architecture boundaries and this is not yet supported. There are a few more issues that require keeping the lib32foo packages for a while.


This worked for my Edimax
sudo apt install git dkms
git clone https://github.com/jeremyb31/rtl8814AU.git
sudo dkms add ./rtl8814AU
sudo dkms install rtl8814AU/1.0

Reboot


If you need to mount the drive,

Run

sudo fdisk -l

Locate the drive and the mount it with

sudo mount /dev/sd## /location to mount

FYI replace ## with your corresponding drive. Also make sure you have created the directory where you intend to mount

If you are then trying to make the mounted drive network accessible through Ubuntu, use Samba. There is plenty of documentation on this on the Internet. start here


How to install KDE connect in ubuntu 17.04?

Write this into the terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/indicator-kdeconnect
sudo apt update
sudo apt install indicator-kdeconnect


Coincidence. An unfortunate coincidence.

I've used dozens of flash drives and installed Ubuntu hundreds of times over more than a decade. Ubuntu does NOT magically kill flash drives.

From your description, seems like you have taken the correct steps to troubleshoot the hardware, and have demonstrated that the hardware has become faulty. Flash drive components do wear out, regardless of what's on them or how they have been used. They do tend to wear out at the worst possible times.

If it's a new flash drive, it may still be under warranty. Failure of a new flash drive is rare, but does occasionally happen. Try to return or exchange it.
If it's an older flash drive, then briefly reflect on all the good service it has provided, then replace it.


'http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/strycore/xUbuntu_16.04 ./ Release' is not signed

This worked for me:

wget -nv https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:selmf/xUbuntu_16.04/Release.key -O Release.key
sudo apt-key add - < Release.key
sudo apt-get update

Source


How to install GUI on ubuntu server 16.04

If you want to administer locally

You can install the default Ubuntu desktop by executing the following:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

There are many desktop alternatives which you may install and use, like:

Gnome 3 installation: sudo apt-get install gnome-shell
KDE see Kubuntu installation: sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
XFCE installation: sudo apt-get install xfce4
LXDE installation: sudo apt-get install lxde
Openbox installation: sudo apt-get install openbox
Gnome Classic (old) a Gnome 3 desktop that looks like Gnome 2 installation: sudo apt-get install gnome-session-fallback
Ubuntu Gnome (Official flavor) installation: sudo apt install ubuntu-gnome-desktop

Local and or remote administration

Except from the above you can administer your server by using a web based solution using less resources:

Webmin installation: see here
Zentyal (offers community edition) installation: see here
ISPConfig (supports up to 16.10) installation: see here


Try to press right Ctrl and your keyboard will be fully functional in remote computer. You will be able to use Alt+Tab.

Clicking on the "keyboard" icon (which means "Grab all keyboard events") does the same.


Transfer a MYSQL database file from Windows (WAMP) to Ubuntu (LAMP)

The reason you are seeing .frm files in the  windows is that the .frm files would hold the information about the column  details.There are very essentials so please follow the below steps to move the old MySQL folder from WAMP to LAMP.

(i) Copy the data folder alone fully from WAMP location wamp/www/bin/mysql/mysql5.x.x.x/ to any desired location in LAMP say (/home).

(ii)Then stop the MySQL in the LAMP and then open the my.cnf file located in the /var/lib/mysql/.

(iii) Search for data dir and then edit the location to /home which has the data directory of mysql of WAMP  machine.

(iv) Now rename the ib_logfile1 and ib_logfile0 in the /var/lib/mysql/ location and then restart the mysql.

(v).Now try to login into the MySQL using the credentials and then try to access the database using select query.


Virtual vs actual disk size running Ubuntu 13.10 64/VirtualBox 4.3 on Mavericks

Your virtual hard disk is partitioned in two. One is the 8 Gb partition where Ubuntu is installed, the other one is a 12 Gb swap partition. You will need to resize them.

The easiest way to do it is to boot the Virtual Machine (not the real one), from an Ubuntu installation iso and run gparted. See this question but apply it to the VM not your physical machine.

Your best option is likely something like 11 Gb Ubuntu and 1 Gb swap.


I'm experiencing the same.  Appears to be tracked at https://github.com/mate-desktop/mate-applets/issues/171 - and possibly also https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1355867.

(At this point, this is recognized to be an answer, but not exactly a solution.  I'll attempt to update this answer if I can find a resolution.)


You will need to burn the download either onto a USB or to a CD, and boot from that device.  Many people use USB for this purpose, so I have attached a link to the instructions for making a bootable USB in Windows


As already pointed out by @mikewhatever and @earthmeLon you really shouldn't mess around with this.

But if you really want to (make sure you've backups!), the best way to go would be with the uupdate script from devscripts. Run the following commands to install all necessary dependencies

$ sudo apt-get install build-essential devscripts
$ sudo apt-get build-dep systemd

Next download and extract the source tar-balls

$ mkdir systemd
$ cd systemd/
$ wget http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/systemd-220.tar.xz
$ wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/s/systemd/systemd_219-7ubuntu3.dsc
$ wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/s/systemd/systemd_219.orig.tar.xz
$ wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/s/systemd/systemd_219-7ubuntu3.debian.tar.xz

$ tar xvJf systemd_219.orig.tar.xz
$ cd systemd-219/
$ tar xvJf ../systemd_219-7ubuntu3.debian.tar.xz

Finally you can create a new source dir with uupdate, build .deb files and install them

$ uupdate ../systemd-220.tar.xz 220
$ cd ../systemd-220
$ dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc
$ cd ..
$ sudo dpkg -i *.deb


Insert this into the LaTeX preamble (there's a section for that in the document settings):

% set fonts for nicer pdf view
\IfFileExists{lmodern.sty}{\usepackage{lmodern}}{}


Are there drivers for OpenGL 4.3 for [AMD/ATI] Seymour [Radeon HD 6400M/7400M Series] (Ubuntu 14.04)

The open source radeon drivers support up to OpenGL 3.3 currently. To get OpenGL 4.x support, you must install the latest version of Catalyst -- 14.4 has support for up to OpenGL 4.4.

http://www2.ati.com/drivers/linux/amd-catalyst-14-4-rev2-linux-x86-x86-64-may6.zip


Blank screen after suspend/hibernate on 14.04

Killing the process light-locker (discovered by using xwininfo) helped us temporarily, then uninstalling light-locker with dpkg --purge light-locker light-locker-settings fixed it more permanently.

We are using Gnome 3, so this might not be a solution for everybody.

(In general, there's probably a process displaying a black screen that you need to kill; try to find it!)


14.04 Can't do updates, can't update to 15

After removing and purging all 3rd party repository, run 'sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -f && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -y'

Hope it will help, thanks


Booting Ubuntu 16.04

For 64 bit versions of Ubuntu 16.04 and prior use "vmlinuz.efi" not "vmlinuz".


Old question but I was stuck with this problem too. So I found what's causing it: the BIOS.
There should be a option to enable/disabe xHCI Support - enable /disable external USB3.0 Controller.
If it's disabled, adb won't freeze the OS


Use journalctl

Since journald contains all the logs, you can use the journalctl command with suitable filters. In the case of boot.log, which used to contain messages from the init system, you could do:

journalctl -b0 SYSLOG_PID=1

-b0 shows messages from the current boot, -b1 from the previous boot, and so on. Without the -b option, journalctl will show messages from the beginning of the log.
SYSLOG_PID filters messages from PID 1, aka init.

Or:

journalctl -b0 --system _COMM=systemd

_COMM=systemd looks for messages from the systemd command. Since systemd is init, this is the one we're interested in.
--system filters messages from the system log instead of user session logs.

Example:

muru@muru-vm:~$ journalctl -b0 SYSLOG_PID=1
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: systemd 229 running in system mode. (+PA
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Detected virtualization qemu.
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Detected architecture x86-64.
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Set hostname to <muru-vm>.
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Initializing machine ID from random gene
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Installed transient /etc/machine-id file
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Set up automount Arbitrary Executable Fi
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Listening on fsck to fsckd communication
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Reached target User and Group Name Looku
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Listening on udev Kernel Socket.
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Started Forward Password Requests to Wal
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Listening on /dev/initctl Compatibility
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket.
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Created slice User and Session Slice.
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Created slice System Slice.
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Starting Braille Device Support...
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Mounting POSIX Message Queue File System
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Mounting Debug File System...
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Mounting Huge Pages File System...
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Modules...
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Starting Uncomplicated firewall...
Apr 30 12:29:18 muru-vm systemd[1]: Starting Create list of required static
lines 1-23

journalctl opens the logs in a pager by default, so you don't need to pipe to less.

Persistent logging

Ubuntu, by default, does not enable persistent journald logs. Thanks to the comment by @Auspex, you need to do either of:

Edit /etc/systemd/journald.conf to include:

Storage=persistent

Create a /var/log/journal directory manually:

mkdir /var/log/journal
systemd-tmpfiles --create --prefix /var/log/journal
systemctl restart systemd-journald

Related:

How do I display log messages from previous boots under CentOS 7?


How do I install VMware Player (from a .bundle file)?

Open a terminal, cd to the directory where the file is and type

sudo sh *filename*.bundle


Black screen with Solid Underscore in top left corner of screen Ubuntu 20.04.2 Server

I got it to boot me into the command prompt by using Alt + ← and it let me login perfectly fine. Would be nice for somebody to comment and tell me how to get into this on startup without having to do this each time.


rsync --exclude option for copying folders from server

The problem is that the path that you hand to --exclude should be relative to the original source path of the rsync command. This also means that you can do away with the / at the beginning of /subdir

Also there's no need to specify the user and host in the --exclude part.

So the correct command would be:

rsync -av user@cluster.com:/home/dir . --exclude subdir

Note that rsync --exclude can also do pattern matching, and the --exclude-from option is a great way to use a file listing multiple exclude patterns if you have more complicated exclusions.


@NGRhodes: You were right, the autosave plugin was causing the problem. I just deactivated it and now the cursor behaves in a normal way.

I just found out that the bug was reported almost three years ago but still not solved!!
http://sourceforge.net/p/geany/bugs/835/

EDIT

I have found the real origin of the problem: Edit tab->Preferences->Files->Saving Files->"Strip trailing spaces and tabs". If you tick that option then don't use the auto-save, and vice-versa, or you'll see the problem appear.


Broadcom 4313 Signal strength very low on an HP Pavilion dv4

Bug Reporting
According to this there is a report of the similar kernel version as used by oneiric having the same issue...
It is probably worth experimenting with different kernels to see if this resolves your issue - see the possible solutions below.
You should file a kernel launchpad bug report so that the Canonical Kernel maintainers are aware of the issue - possibly they may backport a patch from the latest release candidate in a future kernel build.
When filing the bug-report, they will ask you to test the latest mainline kernel.  To do this, following the instructions below.
to install a kernel
Navigate to this website and download the files that look like the following:
headers_amd64.deb, headers_all.deb & image_amd64.deb if using 64bit Ubuntu
headers_i386.deb, headers_all.deb & image_i386.deb if using 32bit Ubuntu
Install the packages downloaded using the terminal command:
sudo dpkg -i linux*.deb

Reboot.
When booting press SHIFT to display your GRUB - this screen lists your kernels - you can boot with any kernel listed including "older linux" option for old kernels.

Possible Solutions

Look at the kernel mainline and choose a newer kernel - preferably one that has the oneiric name associated with it - however you could also try the very latest (but probably unstable) 2.6.32 release candidates.

Looking closely at that bug-report, early in the thread the OP reported that his issue was due to a hidden SSID.  Possibly you can check in your router settings whether you are using a visible SSID or a hidden SSID.

Also, the OP reported that he didn't have his particular issue with the older 2.6.39.2 kernel.  You could also try that by downloading this from the launchpad mainline and installing this using the instructions above.  Remember to booting into the older kernel by selecting it from GRUB.

Tidying up
If this doesn't workout for you - remove this kernel using my answer in this question
If the newer/older kernel works for you then you can use my answer here to "fix" the kernel i.e. to always boot into the newer/older kernel.

Conclusion
As we have discussed - trying all of the above, booting with the older 2.6.39.2 kernel seems to provide you with the best solution.


How to fix tumbler: random image thumbnail sizes in Thunar

Solution TLDR;
If you find you have a [PixbufThumbnailer] plugin for tumbler, then you can disable [JPEGThumbnailer].
Apparent reason for the jpg thumbnail size-deviations:
These two thumbnailer plugins seem to be redundant, and even seem to compete with each other when generating thumbnails.
The hint is found in this documentation:

JPEG-thumbnailer
  Is that plugin still needed ? Pixbuf-thumbnailer as well supports jpeg. Is this plugin faster ?
Pixbuf-thumbnailer
  Supports [...] ani, bmp, GdkPixdata, gif, icns, ico, jpeg, png, pnm, qtif, svg, tga, tiff, wmf, xbm, xpm

How to fix:
Edit /etc/xdg/tumbler/tumbler.rc, and find the block:
# Jpeg thumbnailer (from exif data if possible)
[JPEGThumbnailer]
Disabled=false
Priority=3
Locations=
MaxFileSize=209715200

and set the value as follows: Disabled=true.
Log out and log back in, or reboot, to see new jpeg thumbnails getting generated — albeit somewhat slower — in the right size.


How do I Create a Workspace in Ubuntu 18.10 Minimal Install?

If you are using the default Ubuntu Gnome desktop, simply click on the "Activities" button in the top left, and then mouse over to the right edge of your screen.  You will see all active workspaces plus one empty one.  To create new workspaces simply drag a window to an empty one, or to the space between two existing workspaces, and a new workspace will be created.  There will always been one empty workspace more than the ones you are actively using.


sensors

coretemp-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
Package id 0:  +40.0°C  (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 0:        +40.0°C  (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 1:        +40.0°C  (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 2:        +40.0°C  (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 3:        +37.0°C  (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

Absolutely normal.

BIOS/Intel ME

You have BIOS E16P5IMS.301.

There are BIOS E16P5IMS.302 and Intel ME FW (2020-01-03) updates here.

Nvidia

You have Nvidia v435.21.

There are Nvidia drivers v440.82 here.

Software

Uninstall thermald, and TLP, and cpufreq.

Chrome usage will be high when viewed in top, whilst playing videos. Normal.


error installing kubuntu 14.04.1 desktop-amd64 on vbox

From the error message, it seems to stem from "Cannot allocate memory." When creating the VM, did you leave the amount of RAM dedicated to the VM set at 512MB? 512 is listed as the minimum for Kubuntu, but 1024 would work much better.
There should be no issues running Kubuntu in VBox. I suspect your .iso is damaged. Re-download and try again (version 15 is out now also.) In VBox, make sure you pick Linux, then Ubuntu as the type of VM.
Edit: I just tried with lubuntu-15.04-desktop-i386.iso and VirtualBox 4.3.28, and received this lovely output. This was after the GUI installation finished and it went to reboot:

Reset the VM and it appears to be working. This is strange because lubuntu 14.04 was tested just last month and there was not a single issue. Note, I enabled "PAE/NX" in the VM settings before starting it, gave it two CPU cores, and 2048 megabytes of RAM.
Just tested with Kubuntu 15.04 x32, with PAE/NX turned on, two CPU cores, 2048MB. Booted right up, installed everything including updates and extra features, worked fine. However, it too, "hung" during reboot (no output), and a reset got it working again. Ran the Muon update manager, installed a slew of new updates. So I do think either your downloaded .iso is corrupt, or in a rare case, virtualbox is misbehaving.

Note that unless you're giving a VM more than 4GB of RAM (or using it to code 64-bit apps), there isn't much point to using a 64-bit guest OS. Try the 32-bit version instead.


How to list files in HDD which shows read only

You can execute ls -R on a readonly filesystem, however the file that you are redirecting the output of the command to must be on a writeable filesystem. So in general
ls -R > path/to/writeable/dir/abc.txt

The simplest option is to write to a file in your home directory
ls -R > ~/abc.txt


Open a terminal, and add the Boot Repair PPA

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update

Install Boot Repair

$ sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Update the GRUB 2 configuration file

$ sudo update-grub

Reinstall GRUB 2 to the drive's MBR or equivalent

Install to the drive, not to the partition. Example: sda, not sda1

$ sudo grub-install /dev/sdX

Inspect the GRUB 2 configuration file. The default is /boot/grub/grub.cfg

for more information visit how to update GRUB2


How to revert GDM to default Ubuntu 18.10 (to utilize new lock/login screens)

Your Zamifra Honcescu is a mock-up login/lock screen (design mock-up here) targeted at gnome 3.30 that never made it into the final release. Hence the gnome 3.30 login screen still look quite the same that before and than the current ubuntu version.

May be that new design will be part of gnome 3.32 ? One never knows. And may be Ubuntu 19.04 ?


Can I execute a program with a sudo command through a shortcut?

Replace sudo with gksudo -- in your script, like this:

gksudo -- sh -c "sync; echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches"

That will open a simple dialogue window to ask for your password instead of prompting you for it on STDERR which is not connected to a terminal if you run the script from your desktop.

On newer releases of Ubuntu, gksudo might not be preinstalled any more. If it doesn't work, you will have to install the gksu package first, using this command:

sudo apt-get install gksu