is it possible to damage tar files during hard power down?

Yes, this is definitely possible.

Because hard disks are exceptionally slow compared to the rest of your computer, there is virtually always a delay between when a piece of software is told a write to a file is finished and that file actually gets physically written to the hard disk. This keeps slow disks from making it difficult to keep using the computer. But until this write finishes, the data may only exist in your computer's RAM.

There are mechanisms applications can use to ensure data has been written out to disk, but there is a significant performance cost to using them, so a low-level application like tar will not use them and rely on a higher-level tool to ensure data integrity.

Since tar is not doing this for you, you can ensure that any pending writes have been flushed out to disk using the sync command. Once that command returns, you can be sure that any disk writes that happened before running sync have been successfully written to the hard disk.

Additionally, if you cleanly shut down your system, one of the last things that happens is that any pending writes are synced out. So in the case of power loss, data may not have been written out to the disk, but in the case of a clean shut down, everything should be.


Use bash, how to filter by n chars in `for` cycle

I think this may do:

unique=($(cat foo | cut -c 5-12 | sort -u))

for i in "${!unique[@]}"; do
  find *${unique[$i]}* > cycle_$i
done

Create an array with only the dates:

unique=($(cat foo | cut -c 5-12 | sort -u))

Loop through the array and find the files that match each date and save the output into file with an index name:

for i in "${!unique[@]}"; do
  find *${unique[$i]}* > cycle_$i
done

Result:

cycle_0.txt

VID_20190920_195919.mp4
VID_20190920_200821.mp4
VID_20190920_221640.mp4

cycle_1.txt

VID_20190921_141929.mp4
VID_20190921_142236.mp4


I have copied from Lumia 520 topic, I changed few places and it worked on me!

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:langdalepl/gvfs-mtp
sudo apt-get update

then;

sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/69-libmtp.rules

add this to what did just opened;

ATTRS{idVendor}=="0421", ATTRS{idProduct}=="06fc", SYMLINK+="libmtp", MODE="0666", ENV{ID_MTP_DEVICE}="1"

ctrl+o to save. ctrl+x to exit.

then paste this. mount device again :)

# udevadm control --reload-rules

Hope it works. (I know this answer was late sorry lol)


You need to specify the clipboard, instead of the default primary X selection:

xclip -o -selection clipboard

Or, if you use xsel instead, another tool with the same functionality, you just need the short option -b:

xsel -ob


The following packages have unmet dependencies:unifi

While all good answers I've opted for different approach. Why fix Ubuntu while I can fix Unifi package!

Full story here: https://evotec.xyz/ubuntu-18-04-fixing-unifi-deb-package-to-run-with-3-6-mongodb/

But the idea is download package, unpack package

cd /home/username
wget https://dl.ubnt.com/unifi/5.9.29/unifi_sysvinit_all.deb
mkdir tmp
dpkg-deb -R unifi_sysvinit_all.deb tmp

Find DEBIAN\control file and simply remove 7-8th line from Depends section.

Package: unifi
Version: 5.9.29-11384-1
Section: java
Priority: optional
Architecture: all
Depends: binutils, coreutils, adduser, libcap2, curl,
 mongodb-server (>= 2.4.10) | mongodb-10gen (>= 2.4.14) | mongodb-org-server (>= 2.6.0),
 mongodb-server (<< 1:3.6.0) | mongodb-10gen (<< 3.6.0) | mongodb-org-server (<< 3.6.0),
 java8-runtime-headless, jsvc (>=1.0.8)
Pre-Depends: debconf (>= 0.5) | debconf-2.0
Conflicts: unifi-controller
Provides: unifi-controller
Replaces: unifi-controller
Installed-Size: 143115
Maintainer: UniFi developers <unifi-dev@ubnt.com>
Description: Ubiquiti UniFi server
 Ubiquiti UniFi server is a centralized management system for UniFi suite of devices.
 After the UniFi server is installed, the UniFi controller can be accessed on any
 web browser. The UniFi controller allows the operator to instantly provision thousands
 of UniFi devices, map out network topology, quickly manage system traffic, and further
 provision individual UniFi devices.
Homepage: http://www.ubnt.com/unifi

After that repackage:

dpkg-deb -b temporary unifi-fixed.deb
dpkg-deb: building package 'unifi' in 'unifi-fixed.deb'.

And simply install dpkg -i unifi-fixed.deb. After installation apt update, apt upgrade works!


Strange messages at boot and no plymouth

That's a race condition, and it isn't fatal to the boot despite the ominous module-init-tools output.  Please see https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/642421.


EXT4 Filesystem seems to have disappeared

The answer is because the EXT4 FS is dev/sdg1 and not dev/sdg.


Add Static route to Ubuntu on a Digital Ocean VPS

I use the route command to add a static route to a specific host or network:

# route add -host <destination IP address> gw <gateway IP address>
# route add <destination IP address> gw <gateway IP address>


The classical Un*x way of doing that is diff:

diff file1 file2

A more visual way for vim users is to do vimdiff:

vimdiff file1 file2

Finally, there is diffuse:

sudo apt-get install diffuse
diffuse file1 file2

Here is an example diffuse window:

You clearly see the differences between the two text files. Using the blue arrows on the top that go up or down you can move between the differences found. The blue arrows on the top that go left and right can be used to move the text from left to right and the other way round. The icons with two little blue arrows are used to merging the two files.

If you double click, you can directly edit the text.

Just to make life more interesting, you will get an upvote if you guess correctly what is this data in the above picture :-)


How to open a folder in a new pane in Nautilus?

First lets remember that Nautilus has the numbers of pane limited to 2.

You can create a script to do that.

1) First install xdotool and parcellite: sudo apt-get install xdotool parcellite

2) Then open a file (gedit /home/desgua/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ In\ A\ New\ Pane) and paste this:

#!/bin/bash
echo -n $1 | parcellite
xdotool key F3
sleep 0.1
xdotool key Tab
sleep 0.3
xdotool key ctrl+l ctrl+v
sleep 0.1
xdotool key Return

exit 0

3) Save.

4) Make it executable (chmod +x /home/desgua/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ In\ A\ New\ Pane)

5) Right click over a folder and select "Scripts" > "Open In A New Pane".

Result:

If you are feeling lazy, just paste this into terminal and you're done:

cd ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts && wget http://dl.dropbox.com/u/4098082/Open%20In%20A%20New%20Pane && chmod +x ./Open*

This script open the folder in an existing pane:

1) First install xdotool and parcellite: sudo apt-get install xdotool parcellite

2) Then open a file (gedit /home/desgua/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ In\ An\ Existing\ Pane) and paste this:

#!/bin/bash
echo -n $1 | parcellite
sleep 0.1
xdotool key Tab
sleep 0.2
xdotool key ctrl+l ctrl+v
sleep 0.1
xdotool key Return

exit 0

3) Save.

4) Make it executable (chmod +x /home/desgua/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ In\ An\ Existing\ Pane)

5) Right click over a folder and select "Scripts" > "Open In An Existing Pane".


Ubuntu GNOME 17.04 internet problem - can't connect to some sites

I had the same problem after upgrading to Ubuntu Gnome 17.04 - some sites were working, others - Facebook, YouTube - not.

I set DNS in Ip4 settings to 8.8.8.8, DHCP left still as automatic. Now sites are working, also some apps like Steam are functioning correctly.


[ubuntu 16.04][dual-boot] ubuntu lagging on a good spec laptop

To see installed programs run:

dpkg -l

Usualy programs are in /usr/bin/ but you can search for then using a command like

find / -name program_name


You can either...

hold down the ALT key while left-click-hold-drag in the System Preferences window, and move the System Preferences window so that you can hit the Apply button
make sure that you have 2-4 workspaces enabled, and then switch to workspace 2/3 to be able to see the bottom portion of the System Preferences window so that you can hit the Apply button


Octave 4.0 Command Window text not visible in Ubuntu 16.04

I was getting similar symptoms with the exception of the segfault or command window occasionally working.  I am remotely connecting to the Ubuntu 16.04.2 box via TigerVNC.  What resolved the issue for me was setting the following environment variables:

export GTK_MODULES=gail:atk-bridge:unity-gtk-module
export GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID=this-is-depricated

More details can be found on Octave's bug repository: http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?44174


echo "${txtred}Text${txtrst}" color not always working

You can try using ANSI escape sequences

They look somewhat like this in a echo command

$ echo -e "\e[COLORmSample Text\e[0m"

You have to use the -e flag to use these, however.

But with these you can change both foreground and background colors.

Have a look at this


Can't get external wifi antenna to work, or find one that works

Install Ndiswrapper (sudo apt-get install ndiswrapper).
Add blacklist ath5k and blacklist ath9k in /etc/modprob.d/blacklist.conf.
Download the asus eee pc 1000 HA wireless adapter Windows driver here:
http://www.atheros.cz/atheros-wireles...
Install the downloaded Windows driver net5211.inf, existing inside the package atheros xp32-5.1.1.9.zip, using Ndiswrapper.
Reboot.


Seems to be an nvVidia graphics driver issue. You can find out your compatible driver like this

You can install it by:

uninstall the currently installed NVIDIA drivers.
Boot the computer
When the GRUB menu appears, highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the line.
Press F10 to boot the Ubuntu operating system.
When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1
Enter your user name and the password
Execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

install the latest official stable NVIDIA drivers.
10 Boot the computer,
when the GRUB menu appears, highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the line.
Press F10 to boot the Ubuntu operating system.
When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1
Enter your user name and the password
Execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-361
sudo reboot

Note: I have the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 950M and this driver is working fine for me.

You can find out whether you have 64 bit processor or not here


I would flag it, too broad! I lack the experience to cover many aspects. I salute you because you have special finger print on your answers as the those you have mentioned. Those are really prototypes made here as answers.

Free Softwares are built by free community. Large softwares have solid core either one, two or many developers. The core team is generally built in real life (social relations+topic interest) or few virtually (topic interest).

I look to those prototypes as separate projects, each is belongs to you as developer & (OP + Some up voters) as users.

At this point forget about the team, you are the core and you will be so and so as the project get bigger and complicated. Those in the virtual team, they will come & go without a notice, most of them they may never contribute code, at best they will submit a bug.

blaa blaa I can continue talking ... kind of experience resume without much benefits. Try collecting some interest in those projects, and see if it is worthy.

Create a repository on a social git site, popular one MR. Octopus GitHub.
Update your answer and a link to your new upstream project (keep original code)
Create a mirror project on Launchpad.
Prepare Debian packaging
Publish a PPA
Update your answer again and add another link to PPA.

So now basically you have upstream project development on GitHub & binary releases on Launchpad. After this, Que Sera, Sera (Whatever Will Be, Will Be). I just wish you best luck :D.

I have a answer here that I promoted it to a very verytiny projecto.

Time for another Ads ;)

AU Q: How to add a keyboard modifier state applet to Unity panel?
GitHub: https://github.com/sneetsher/indicator-xkbmod
Launchpad: https://launchpad.net/indicator-xkbmod
PPA: https://code.launchpad.net/~sneetsher/+archive/ubuntu/one

Btw, If you are trying to make a handover that's will not work. People care only about what they really need and they evaluate it how it's worth before they put some time in it.


How to move Wubi partition to a whole drive?

Use gparted to create a new root partition and swap partition and then boot wubi and run wuvi-movi.sh /dev/x /dev/y where x and y are your new partitions. See MigrateWubi for more details.


Try reinstalling lightdm.

You mentioned, you've got acess to the terminal, so just type in:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install aptitude

sudo aptitude reinstall lightdm

If that was the only problem, this should do the trick.


What is the most basic window manager for ubuntu that can be used to display a single application

The ratpoison window manager is what you want.

Install ratpoison

sudo apt-get install ratpoison

Create a user and have that user automatically log in.
Create a desktop file in /usr/share/xsessions/kiosk.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Browser Mode
Comment=Kiosk desk Session
Exec=/usr/share/xsessions/run_kiosk.sh
Type=Application`

Create /usr/share/xsessions/run_kiosk.sh. Modify the following to get you started

#!/bin/bash
/usr/bin/ratpoison &

TERMINAL=`who | awk '{print $2}'`

if test -z "$DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS" ; then
        eval 'dbus-launch --sh-syntax --exit-with-session'
fi

rm -Rf ~/.config/google-chrome
dbus-launch /usr/bin/google-chrome --no-default-browser-check
rm -Rf ~/.config/google-chrome

kill `ps | grep dbus-launch | grep -v grep | awk '{print $1}'`

This resets Chrome on every launch. Use the default preferences in /opt/google/chrome/master_preferences to set up Chrome how you want it.
Set the default desktop as kiosk:

sudo /usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm-set-defaults -s kiosk


Custom Unity Quicklists not working after upgrade to 12.10

This is because the specifications of the .desktop files are changed, starting from Ubuntu 12.10, to be compliance with the Freedesktop "Additional applications actions" standard.

This is how the change your old .desktop file:

OLD: X-Ayatana-Desktop-Shortcuts=ENTRY1;ENTRY2...
NEW: Actions=ENTRY1;ENTRY2...

OLD: [ENTRY Shortcut Group]
NEW: [Desktop Action ENTRY]

OLD: TargetEnvironment=Unity
NEW: OnlyShowIn=Unity;

Taking the above example (in the question), it would be changed in this way to work in Ubuntu 12.10 and later:

Actions=Videos;Documents

[Desktop Action Videos]
Name=Videos
Exec=nautilus Videos
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

[Desktop Action Documents]
Name=Documents
Exec=nautilus Documents
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

Here the link to the official reference of the Unity Launcher API:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Unity/LauncherAPI#Quicklists


From the openldap site I found this that should help you

Normally the error message in your subject is as a result of the server
requiring encryption of some kind. For example, you might have set:

security tls=1

or similar, in which case you need to use ldaps:// or start_tls (-Z):

[bgmilne@comanche ~]$ ldapsearch -x -LLL "(uid=bgmilne)" 1.1
ldap_bind: Confidentiality required (13)
        additional info: TLS confidentiality required
[bgmilne@comanche ~]$ ldapsearch -Z -x -LLL "(uid=bgmilne)" 1.1
dn: uid=bgmilne,ou=People,dc=ranger,dc=dnsalias,dc=com

A quick summery is open a terminal and use

ldaps://

or

start_tls (-Z):

To start your prosses


Webapp integration in Firefox doesnt show

I solved my problem by installing xul-ext-unity .


"input/output error during read on /dev/sda" during installation

From your description, it sounds like your disk is dying. To confirm this, I suggest using a low-level disk integrity checking tool, like Salvation HDD Scan and Repair

Formatting the disk will only resolve problems at the filesystem level. If the aforementioned tool detects any errors, your only recourse will be to replace the disk.


Sound Not Working - Possibly Sound Driver?

Install the sound card drivers and needed package:

1). Open a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T.

2). Copy and Paste the following command in the terminal prompt.

3). Press Enter.

sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-`uname -r` alsa-base alsa-firmware-loaders alsa-oss alsa-source alsa-tools alsa-tools-gui alsa-utils alsamixergui

Then reboot.


Unable to connect to wireless internet on an Acer Iconia W500 with an Atheros AR9285

Try my answer and see if it works.  Just enter the first two lines of code and test wifi.

How do I get wireless working on an ASUS Notebook U56E?


How to install libcncurses5-dev for ubuntu 9.10 offline

Go to Ubuntu launchpad and download libcncurses5-dev.deb then copy it to pendrive, transfer it to the other PC, and give the command:

dpkg -i libcncurses5-dev.deb

Good luck. And do consider upgrading to a supported version of Ubuntu.


Issue with Wi-Fi connection range with Ubuntu 18.04 and HP Laptop

The bug is fixed with  kernel 4.17.0-041700:

http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~jsalisbury/lp1788997

as long as you select antenna 1:

modprobe rtl8723be ant_sel=1


Go to System > Preferences > Mouse. You should see a section called "Pointer Speed," with two sliders that set the acceleration and sensitivity of the pointer. It is the third bold section heading in the screenshot below. Sensitivity controls the overall speed of the pointer, which is probably what you're looking for. Acceleration represents an increase in pointer speed over time, which is good to increase if you find that it takes a comparatively long time to move the pointer from one end or edge of the screen to another. The changes made with these sliders should apply as soon as you let go of the left mouse button.


Starting Ubuntu mobile development in windows pc

At this moment the UI Toolkit and the SDK tools are not ported and not supported on Windows.

Technically it is not impossible to port the QML components and the QtCreator plugins and supplementary for Windows or OSX platforms, but it is very unlikely that the SDK development team will prioritize this porting work in the near future.

It would be cool and fun to see a community project picking up this idea :)


How do I make Sublime Text 3 the default text editor

These instructions assume that you have installed Sublime Text 3 using the .deb file provided for Ubuntu. If you downloaded the tarball and installed it manually, you will need to change the paths below to your install location.

First, make sure that /usr/share/applications/sublime_text.desktop exists (sublime-text.desktop on some systems):

ls /usr/share/applications/sublime_text.desktop

Then, open /usr/share/applications/defaults.list with Sublime:

subl /usr/share/applications/defaults.list

Search for all instances of gedit and replace them with sublime_text. Save the file, log out and back in, and you should be all set.

If for some reason /usr/share/applications/sublime_text.desktop (or sublime-text.desktop) doesn't exist, create it:

sudo touch /usr/share/applications/sublime_text.desktop

Open it in Sublime:

subl /usr/share/applications/sublime_text.desktop

and paste the following into it:

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=Sublime Text
GenericName=Text Editor
Comment=Sophisticated text editor for code, markup and prose
Exec=/opt/sublime_text/sublime_text %F
Terminal=false
MimeType=text/plain;
Icon=sublime-text
Categories=TextEditor;Development;
StartupNotify=true
Actions=Window;Document;

[Desktop Action Window]
Name=New Window
Exec=/opt/sublime_text/sublime_text -n
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

[Desktop Action Document]
Name=New File
Exec=/opt/sublime_text/sublime_text --command new_file
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

However, if you installed Sublime Text using the .deb file downloaded from sublimetext.com, the file should already exist.


Could a KDE plasma widget be converted into its own app (easily)?

Conversion

It would take a significant rewrite of the plasmoid's source as the plasmoid is built within the kde-plasma framework. You would have to modify the source (if possible) to replace these libraries with GTK or QT equivalents.

Workaround

It may not look quite as fancy as in plasma, but you could try plasmoidviewer,
i.e.

plasmoidviewer APPLETNAME

This will run the applet in it's own window, but it will require a large part of the kde libs be installed.

As Cumulus007 suggests you can also then use ccsm (or other appropriate window manager settings dialog) to modify the appearance of the plasmoidviewer  - i.e. remove the frame and window title bar, and cause the window to always be below other windows. The result should look and behave a lot like a plasma plasmoid.


Is there a way to manually invoke the on-screen keyboard?

I use ubuntu on most of my computers, but I am currently using Zorin OS on my touchscreen PC.  On the chance it's similar I will post some SS of how I trigger the on screen keyboard from the monitor.

If it doesn't work let me know and I can install Ubuntu and play with it.

Find your status bar

Select the keyboard & choose the icon representing the keyboard

It should appear.


using sed replace the new line with character

Your sed expression is treating each line separately - so it doesn't actually read the newline character into the pattern buffer and hence can't replace it. If you just want to add
 while retaining the actual newline as well, you can just use the end-of-line marker $ and do

sed -i'' 's|$|
|' file

Note that the empty backup file name - if you use it - must directly follow the -i like -i''; also the -e is not necessary when using a single expression.

OTOH if you really want to replace actual newline characters, you need to jump through some extra hoops, for example

sed -i'' -e :a -e '$!N;s/\n/
/;ta' -e 'P;D' file

or, more compactly

sed -i'' ':a; $!N; s|\n|
|; ta; P;D' file

which read successive pairs of lines into the pattern buffer and then replace the intervening newline - see Famous Sed One-Liners Explained.


Tried to disable GUI now neither GUI or TEXT loads

You need to have root permissions to edit the grub file so it should alow you to write if you open with either:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

gksu gedit /etc/default/grub

depending on whether you want a to do the editing in command line. You want to change

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="text"

then save and go back to the terminal and run:

sudo update-grub

Then you can reboot to test:

sudo reboot


why apt-get not use packages availabe in archives folder copied by aptoncd instead download again

Although months later, I hope it could be helpful for others:

If you take a closer look at this line:

Need to get 0 B/16.5 MB of archives.

It says that need to get 0 B of archives(on the Internet not the Archives folder) if it was a completely new package you should have seen something as below:

Need to get 16.5 MB/16.5 MB of archives.


How can I upload a file to a Garmin 260?

Software such as GPSBabel should help you transfer content between your GPS and the computer. I would highly recommend that you read over the README.igc file which explains how to convert files for your GPS. All you would need now is to download the tar.gz from the website that I linked you. Then you will need to build it. If your compilation fails, then you do not have Qt. You will have to follow these instructions
on the website in order to compile correctly.


Try settings the "edge responsiveness" to maximum, for example from the command line using

gsettings set org.compiz.unityshell:/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/ edge-responsiveness 8.0

or with Unsettings in the "Launcher" tab.


This is just a platform theme, simply delete the file /opt/Qt5.8.0/Tools/QtCreator/lib/Qt/plugins/platformthemes/libqgtk3.so and it should start.

You will have to tackle another problem regarding "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6: version 'GLIBCXX_3.4.18' not found", which can be solved by installing this ppa:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libstdc++6-4.7-dev


Any .keyring files in the ~/.local/share/keyrings/ folder, should be read by the keyring automatically. However, applications may not necessarily try to read any data from them. You should be able to see them in the list inside the Passwords and Keys (seahorse) application. You should be able to unlock them inside there, to browse and view the secrets.


Is it safe to delete files in /dev/sda6? How can I delete them?

I need to make some space for my data

Where do you need it? If on your Ubuntu partition (/dev/sda7) removing anything not on sda7 is not going to get you anywhere.

These 3:

/dev/sdb1
/dev/sda6
/dev/sda4

are external partitions (since the mount point is in /media/). What you remove there does not create space on your Ubuntu disk.

  Is /dev/sda4/ is used for my dual boot?

That is impossible to tell from the information you give. The label in itself points to windows. The label "Data" is too generic so could be a windows partition (it could be C: and D:).

  Is it possible to delete files in it under Ubuntu?

Any disk/partition that is mounted as writable you can remove files from. Not all partitions from windows will be mounted as writable: if there is a hibernation file present Ubuntu will refuse to mount.

  Or should I log-into windows and then delete the files?

That is up to you to decide. I am of the opinion that you do things on the OS it belongs to. You repair windows from windows. You change things in windows from windows.

  So is it safe to delete files in /dev/sda6/? If so, how can I delete them?

Up to you to decide. But what do you mean with "safe to delete". You can delete anything if you want to. "Safe" is not a part of that. You can even delete windows from Ubuntu if you want. If it was intended is up for you to decide ;)


Software for maintaining arbitrary file collection across multiple volumes

I have been using the Tellico.

  :~$ apt-cache show tellico

  Description: collection manager for books,
  videos, music

  Tellico is a collection manager for KDE. It includes
  default collections for  books, bibliographies, comic books, videos,
  music, coins, stamps, trading  cards, and wines, and also allows
  custom collections; with unlimited  user-defined fields allowed.
  Automatically formatted names, sorting by any  property, filters,
  automatic ISBN validation and full customization for  printing or
  display through XSLT files are some of the features present. It  can
  import CSV, RIS, BibTeX, and BibTeXML files; and export CSV, HTML,
  BibTeX,  BibTeXML, and PilotDB. Tellico can also import data from
  Amazon, IMDb, CDDB,  or any US-MARC compliant z39.50 server.  .  The
  files are stored in XML format, avoiding the need for database server.
  It also makes it easy for other softwares to use the Tellico data.

  Homepage: http://tellico-project.org/


The shell performs brace expansion before variable substitution, so the construct for i in {1..$x} cannot work as you expect.

Since you want to pass in a variable, you cannot escape the heredoc terminator, so you have to work to protect all the variables you don't want expanded

times=$1    # no "$" on the left-hand side!
ssh -A vyas@subdom.dom.net <<- EOF
        for i in \$(seq $times)
        do
                echo Iteration \$i
                url='vyas@app'
                echo 'Connecting to' \$url
        done
EOF


Find a file and delete some lines within it

You could use...

find /path/to/specific/directory -maxdepth 1 -type f -name "file.txt" -exec sed -i.bak '5,10 d' '{}' \;

Explanation:

-maxdepth 1 don't look in any subdirectories of the specified directory
-type f only find files, not directories
-exec do the following command to the found files
sed '5,10 d' delete lines from 5 to 10
-i.bak modify the file itself rather than printing to stdout but make a backup copy of the original file with the extension .bak

EDIT: although actually if you know exactly where the file is and what it's called you can obviously do

sed -i.bak '5,10 d' /path/to/file.txt

silly me...


In Linux, files beginning with a dot are hidden files. A lot of commands (like ls) will not display these by default. In addition, Nautilus also hides files that end with a ~. These files generally are backup files created by text editors like Gedit.

If you want to delete these files in Nautilus, you need to view the hidden files first by pressing Ctrl+H or by clicking View, Show Hidden Files.

To permanently prevent gedit from creating backup files head to Edit --> Preferences --> Editor and remove the checkmark in front of Create a backup copy of file before saving:

Note: Please consider that backup files can be quite handy at times, so disabling them might not be the best idea.


Can anybody help me to make Kworld UB445-Q TV tuner work?

According to the Mailing List Archive for MythTV and git.linuxtv.org commit #1 and git.linuxtv.org commit #2 this older (UB345 so close to your version) versions of this tuner brand work with V4L:

V4L/DVB: dvb: add support for kworld 340u and ub435-q to em28xx-dvb This adds support for the KWorld PlusTV 340U and KWorld UB345-Q ATSC sticks, which are really the same device. The sticks have an eMPIA em2870 usb bridge chipset, an LG Electronics LGDT3304 ATSC/QAM demodulator and an NXP TDA18271HD tuner -- early versions of the 340U have a a TDA18271HD/C1, later models and the UB435-Q have a C2.
The stick has been tested succesfully with both VSB_8 and QAM_256 signals. Its using lgdt3304 support added to the lgdt3305 driver by a prior patch, rather than the current lgdt3304 driver, as its severely lacking in functionality by comparison (see said patch for details).

Regarding afatech I found this from Linux Kernel DVB developer Antti Palosaari :
Afatech AF9015 USB-bridge (dvb-usb-af9015) and Afatech AF9013 DVB-T demodulator (af9013):
driver ready, no known bugs
Afatech AF9035 USB-bridge (dvb-usb-af9035) and Afatech AF9033 DVB-T demodulator (af9033):  driver ready, but not released.
Please try to find out what version you have and have a look at these packages to get this working:
v4l-utils  contains the following video4linux command line utilities:
decode_tm6000: decodes tm6000 proprietary format streams
v4l2-compliance: tool to test v4l2 API compliance of drivers
v4l2-ctl, cx18-ctl, ivtv-ctl: tools to control v4l2 controls from the cmdline
v4l2-dbg: tool to directly get and set registers of v4l2 devices
v4l2-sysfs-path: sysfs helper tool

v4l-conf  provides a small tool to configure a video4linux device driver. It is required to make the video overlay work in fbtv and xawtv.
and also the linuxtv.org wiki.


As I had done previously, First I opened /etc/default/grub:
gedit admin:///etc/default/grub

Then I changed the line -GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" to :
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset"

Then,
sudo update-grub
sudo update grub2

But after several restarts (adding nomodeset manually everytime), this finally worked.


How to start Ubuntu with no working video card?

I'm partially guessing here - this would be a comment if it hadn't been too long for the box - but you could try:

Starting the ssh deamon in rescue mode.

I don't expect this to work, as it may depend on other services that haven't been started yet (rescue mode is a very low-level state with a bare minimum of services running), but it's the quickest:
# /etc/init.d/ssh start

As you are working blindly you won't see any error messages, but you can obviously tell that it's working when you can ssh into the box.

Disable the desktop and X server

Since rescue mode works, I'm guessing that the terminal doesn't require a working video card. In that case you should be able to disable anything related to graphics (desktop and X server), and the system might boot to a normal mode terminal-only state. SSH might already be running by then, or you can start it with sudo service ssh start.

I don't have Ubuntu desktop so I can't give details on how to do that, but I believe X server and/or the desktop manager is started as a service. Have a look in /etc/init.d and /etc/init, and see the second reply to this question for how to disable it.

I don't know if this will work, but it might be worth a try.


What do I need to do to get VirtualBox with dkms installed?

I followed the instructions at the Oracle website to get the latest version of Virtual box, and found it to install quite well:

wget -q http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

I added this line to my /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian trusty contrib

Then I ran

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install dkms
sudo apt-get install virtualbox-4.3

I did need to download the extension pack separately, and install it within Virtualbox - I understand this is normal behavior.  Then I also needed to add myself to the Virtualbox user group.

sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers my-user-name


upgrade to 16.04 from 14.04 computer jammed in middle

To regain access to your account...
You can boot into single user mode through recovery to change your user's password or in fact any users password... You can get into recovery mode by following this tutorial, here.
And then after mounting the root drive and making it read/writable, you can simply run the passwd user_here command to change your user's password. Alternatively, you could just create another user if your user happens to not exist...
And then if the above all runs smoothly, you should be able to reboot and enter your password!


What is the status of getting flash and chromium for Ubuntu ARM?

Folks have done it. Try sudo apt-get install browser-plugin-gnash minitube after adding the repository for it (details here http://www.webupd8.org/2013/02/minitube-20-and-musique-121-released.html )

Adobe has a forum with specific details at http://forums.adobe.com/thread/1066869

Also, there are further details at

http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-newbie-8/having-trouble-installing-flash-player-onto-chrubuntu-on-the-arm-based-chromebook-4175444859/

http://www.omappedia.org/wiki/PandaBoard_Ubuntu_PPA


How do I increase swapfile in Ubuntu 18.04?

From Ubuntu 18.04 onwards, a swapfile rather than a dedicated swap partition is used (except when LVM is used). The swap file is named "swapfile". To change the size of this swap file:

Disable the swap file and delete it (not really needed as you will overwrite it)
sudo swapoff /swapfile
sudo rm  /swapfile

Create a new swap file of the desired size. With thanks to user Hackinet, you can create a 4 GB swap file with the command
sudo fallocate -l 4G /swapfile

In this command, adjust 4G to the size you want.
Alternatively, you can use dd but feeding the correct parameters requires some calculations. If you want to make a 4 GB swap file, you will need to write 4 * 1024 blocks of 10242 bytes (= 1 MiB). That will make your count equal to 4 * 1024 = 4096. Create the file of this size with the command
    sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096

Assign it read/write permissions for root only (not strictly needed, but it tightens security)
sudo chmod 600 /swapfile

Format the file as swap:
sudo mkswap /swapfile

The file will be activated on the next reboot. If you want to activate it for the current session:
sudo swapon /swapfile

You can check the swap that is available with the command swapon -s (no root permissions needed).


Changing the default program for an application

first of all, add your new MimeType :
from the terminal open sudo gedit
and copy the code bellow
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Encoding=UTF-8
Hidden=false
Icon=my/icon/path                           <-- optional (for the file icon)
Type=MimeType
Patterns=*.xxx                              <--- my file extention
MimeType=application/myAppName              <--- the mimetype of the file
Comment=My Comment

and save it to /usr/share/mimelnk/application/myApp.desktop "replace myapp with your app
linking your app with this mimetype:
use  ubuntu Tweaks to link the file type with your app
note:
the wine apps is located on the path /home/<userName>/.wine/drive_c/Program Files/Notepad++
also you can use locate 'yourApp.exe' to find its path


Ubuntu 14.04 PHPMyAdmin can't find mcrypt extension

This is a reported bug. I had the same issue, found the answer here on ubuntuforums, so all credits goes to SeijiSensei:.

1) The mcrypt.ini file in /etc/php5/conf.d needs to be copied or symlinked to /etc/php5/mods-available:

cd /etc/php5/mods-available
sudo ln -s ../conf.d/mcrypt.ini .

2) Activate the module with sudo php5enmod mcrypt.

3) Restart your web server: If using Apache, it's like this: sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Then log into the PMA, the issue will be fixed.


A very simple solution would be creating links to the applications on the desktop and having the children open this folder to access the list.

Simple Drag'n'Drop from the Dash to the Desktop and forming a folder there should work.

Edit: As for using the launcher, a bookmark on nautilus, or having the aforementioned folder prominently in ~/ would lead to Launcher -> Home Folder -> Game Folder, which should be straightforward enough, as well, in most cases.


Low disk space: home/user folder occupies 94GB

Looks like there is a very big file in /home/teddy. You can look for it either in Nautilus, checking view hidden files, list view and ordering by size, or from the command line:

du -a --max-depth=1 ~ | sort -n

The last entry before the home dir itself should be the biggest file.

du reports the file size of the first argument and all it's subdirs.

-a makes it show all files and dirs
--max-depth=1 keeps it from looking on all subdirs.

sort will sort the results

-n they will be sorted numerically.


Installing or reinstalling the zlib1g package will solves libz.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory error.

sudo apt-get install --reinstall zlib1g


How di I fix this Synaptic manager error

Insert your Ubuntu cdrom into the drive before you refresh the sources.  Otherwise, and more likely what you want, uncheck the cdrom from your list of Software Sources.


How to fix failing connection to SAMBA print share (Ubuntu 19.10)?

In the meantime, people have found a workaround for the bug described here:

sudo service cups stop
In the file /etc/cups/printers.conf, sudo-change the line AuthInfoRequired none to AuthInfoRequired username,password in the block for your printer, in my case the <DefaultPrinter ...>
sudo service cups start
Printing should then ask you for the credentials, in my case following the pattern DOMAIN\username and as usual the password, along with a "Remember" checkbox.

Note 1: To see the checkbox, I had to use the "Print ..." option of a recent Gnome application (like Eye of Gnome, eog). It didn't show up in the password dialogue of the job queue.

Note 2: I wasn't asked for a password in the old job queue dialogue reachable via the "Additional Printer Settings ...". However, in the new job queue of the printer directly listed in Gnome Settings->Devices->Printers, one can click on "Jobs" and should see a request for authentication above the queued items.

Currently, it seems that there are two GUI generations mixed in an unfortunate fashion.

Generally, however, printers.conf should not be changed manually which is why waiting for the bug to be fixed seems sensible, too.


Which NDS emulator run better in Ubuntu?

Desmume is the best on Ubuntu and it's in the Ubuntu Software Center.


This is not the most intuitive method but you can right click on the nautilus icon and then click on the "Show Copy Dialog" option.


Error while building rt73-k2wrlz-3.0.3 from source

You do not need that patch, it is for much older kernels.

according to aircrack-ng.org: "This fix is already included in 2.6.31 and newer kernels, so this patch should only be used up to 2.6.30."

See posts #49 and #50 on this thread
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1215251
Relevant excerpts posted below
Post 49

whoopsy, I guess you can inject with rt73usb right out of the box!
I simply used airmon-ng after install "iw"

sudo apt-get install iw
airmon-ng start <device>

Post 50

This tutorial only dealt with the legacy ieee80211 version of the RT73 driver (p_larbig/ASPj mods), hence why we needed to blacklist the mac80211 driver version.
The driver bundled with karmic is the mac80211 based one (which depends on rt2x00usb & rt2x00lib). That's why you needed to install the tool "IW" (needed for stacks-mac80211 interface management)
To understand the differences, see mac80211 versus ieee80211 stacks write-up.


It's a bug (an especially annoying one since 11.10 uses GNOME 3 which has no screensavers). Thankfully someone's working on fixing it:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/caffeine/+bug/878690


Network is unreachable error - Virtualbox (Mininet Ubuntu Image)

Virtualbox's  "Host-only" adaptors specifically don't allow internet access:
https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch06.html#networkingmodes

  Host-only networking

  This can be used to create a network containing the host and a set of virtual machines, without the need for the host's physical network
  interface. Instead, a virtual network interface (similar to a loopback
  interface) is created on the host, providing connectivity among
  virtual machines and the host.

Check the table at the end of the 6.2 section to see which types of adaptors do what you actually want them to do (hint: probably one of Bridged, NAT or NAT-Network).

I'd try disabling your host-only adaptor and see if that's the cause of the problem.


Ubuntu 20.04.1 doesn't boot after installing xrdp-pulseaudio-installer

I fixed the problem.

Boot into installation media
Delete var/lib/xrdp-pulseaudio-installer. Should be fixed but if issue persists do the following:
Recovery mode- dpkg option. See if problem persists.
Go into tty (normal/recovery mode) and reinstall essential packages (In my case it was xorg and gnome)
Problem solved.


How do I get design input on a paper cut?

The process you follow for getting design approval depends on what app your working on.

Ubuntu/Canonical apps

These are apps that are originally build and distributed in Ubuntu. These include, but are not limited to, Ubuntu Software Centre, Ubuntu One Control Panel, and Unity.

To request design input on a paper cut in one of these, you should follow these steps:

Make sure the bug report has a paper cut task open on it. See here for details on how to go about this.
Make sure you have proposed a design fix in the comments of the report since it's a little rude to not do some sort of work before asking others to get involved.
Assign the paper cut task to Nick Tait, a project manager on the Design Team at Canonical. Click on the exclamation mark in the 'Assigned to' field on the paper cuts task. If it's already assigned to the Paper Cuts Ninjas, then unassign them first.

The assignee you want is jnick-tait

The paper cut is now assigned to Nick Tait.

You have just requested design input on a Canonical app.

Gnome apps

These are the apps that are developed upstream by the Gnome project, and include, but are not limited to, Nautilus, Rhythmbox and Gedit.

Gnome apps each have an individual maintainer who is contactable via the development mailing list for that app. The full list of Gnome mailing lists can be found here. Use your browser's search feature to find the app your looking for since there's a lot of lists there.

Send a message to the list, mentioning that your part of the One Hundred Paper Cuts project and are looking for input from the developers on a design fix. Make sure you've come up with an idea yourself before approaching the developers since you're the one working on the bug and it's a bit rude to go to them unprepared.


The problem was with my Graphics card. Everytime If I open an application that uses graphics card it went on a freeze. I uninstalled my Graphics driver all together.I am working with intel graphics.Now everything works fine.


How to install ubuntu on an old mac-mini

Try Xubuntu 12.04
The problem: booting with the CD gives bad graphics or a blank screen.

The solution: when booting, hold down alt. Select the “Windows” CD, not the “EFI” CD. This will get you to a blankish purple screen with a fuzzy icon of a keyboard on the bottom. Press F6 (NB: this will not work with an Apple Wireless keyboard. Use a wired keyboard). Pick a language. Press the down key to select “Install Ubuntu“. Now press F6 again, and select nomodeset by using the arrow keys and the space bar. Press escape, and the menu should close. Towards the bottom of the screen there’s a boot line and a cursor… use the arrow keys to scroll left until you’re just left of “quiet” and “splash” (actually, you can delete those words). Type “nomodeset xforcevesa“. Press enter to boot. Wait. Keep waiting. Nothing’s happening? Keep waiting. It took about 5 minutes for my Mac Mini to move on, upon which it started whirring and clicking. Hurray!

Post-install: your system won’t boot, unless you edit the boot commands at grub. Add nomodeset xforcevesa again (press ‘e’ when you’re at grub to edit a boot command). Once it boots, install the NVIDIA proprietary drivers. Edit /etc/default/grub to add nomodeset noacpi reboot=acpi in the appropriate place. Save the file, then run update-grub. Reboot. Your graphics may still suck. Run nvidia-xconfig and reboot.

good luck

Sources: dustin.li


On any hard drive, a partial amount of space is reserved for those kind of information:

File descriptors, file table and inode table in Unix
LVM metadata information

When using large hard drive, this may take hundred of gigabyte, as this space is proportional of the partition size.

You can have a look of space used by inode :

sudo tune2fs -l /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root | grep -i Block

Your result should looking like

Block count:              488378368
Reserved block count:     24418916
Free blocks:              296161792
First block:              0
Block size:               4096
Reserved GDT blocks:      907
Blocks per group:         32768
Inode blocks per group:   512
Flex block group size:    16
Reserved blocks uid:      0 (user root)
Reserved blocks gid:      0 (group root)
Journal backup:           inode blocks

Do Reserved block count * Block size / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) = 93.15GB reserved in my case (for a 2TB hard drive).


automatic scan scheduled with clamtk for ubuntu 12.04 does not work

You can schedule the scanning task with the application Scheduled Task which is the task scheduler in Ubuntu.

You can install it by:

sudo apt-get install gnome-schedule

In menu, go to New > Reccurrent task

The command for run ClamAV scanning is :

clamscam [OPTIONS] [DIRECTORY TO SCAN]

Options :

-r : To recursively scan all the files
-i : List the infected files
--bell : Ring a tone at when virus is found

So the command to scan all the directories is :

sudo clamscan -r -i --bell /

You can add this command and schedule the time in the following window


block outgoing internet calls from inside a container

So I figured it out myself.

I just do :

sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=0

And voila! :) Of course, if I do ping www.google.com it resolves the IP for google then fails. So dns still works.

An easy toggle solution for this would be appreciated with votes :)


Ubuntu 12.04 - not able to hibernate [error creating hibernate image]

I'm not sure this can help you, but hibernation requires your swap partition to be at least 1.5 times your physical RAM. If not, there is not enough place in it to store the contents of your ram.
If this is the case, you can try to make place by shrinking one or more of the partitions on your HD and move your partitions as needed in order to let you add the free space to your swap.

To do all these things you can use GParted from the live cd, perhaps you can even install it on your current system (but you will not be able to move mounted partitions, so it is best to work from a live session).


Change the passphrase of an ecryptfs directory

I see you are trying to push the password in a file that is having other meaning.

ecryptfs-rewrap-passphrase /home/.ecryptfs/$USER/.ecryptfs/wrapped-passphrase

or most certainly… but better search manually for the wrapped-passphrase in your .ecryptfs hidden directory:

ecryptfs-rewrap-passphrase /home/$USER/.ecryptfs/wrapped-passphrase

I think this is the right command for changing the password, where $USER is your user

P. S.: Better not to be logged in and with your folder decrypted.


So I assume you are logging in via ssh, using some command like: ssh user@host.address.com.

In that case first you have to copy your main.c to the remote machine:

scp main.c user@host.address.com:/home/homefolder/subfolder/main.c

Of course you have to replace some strings in this command. So "user" in the above command needs to be replaced with the right user name on your universities' server. Same goes for "host.address.com" which is supposed to be the login URL of your schools' server. Finally "/home/homefolder/subfolder/main.c" denotes the location you want to copy your file to.

Once done you can open a remote terminal as usual and cd into the directory that now has your main.c like this:

ssh user@host.address.com
cd /home/homefolder/subfolder/main.c
gcc -Wall main.c -o mainprogram
./mainprogram

The last two lines compile your c-Code and run it. Insted of gcc (the GNU compiler collection) your school might use another compiler such as the Intel C Compiler, icc.


GNOME / Unity not meant to be customized?

The major issue the author has is one that developers and cutting edge users have to face. Don't get me wrong, I don't enjoy the Gnome team breaking the API with every point release. However, that doesn't mean that Gnome and Unity can't be customized, nor does it mean that it's infeasible for the average user to do so. While on Ubuntu, your version of Gnome and Unity are going to remain stable (there is a very, very short list of applications that get major updates in the middle of release cycles). So worst case scenario, your customizations would need tweaked when you do a release upgrade (ie - go from 12.04 to 12.10), and even then, any extensions you use will have updates by that time.

Both Gnome and Unity are still very much customizable, and both have GUIs. Ubuntu-Tweak for Unity (and some of the underlying stack) and Gnome-Tweak-Tool for the underlying Gnome stack (the GTK theme, etc). (Fair warning: there is some overlap with the two as of 12.10, due to some things that Ubuntu-Tweak has removed for some reason, so be careful with where you change the overlapping items. IE - GTK themes can be controlled in GTT, while the shell theme needs to be changed in UT.)

You can also use CCSM for things like wobbly windows, if you want them. However, Unity does set up a bunch of its own settings, so you may have to deal with conflict resolution to change Compiz stuff dramatically.

Additionally, Unity can be extended with lenses, which can add a ton of functionality (I absolutely love the calculator lens).

In short, it depends in part on what customizations you're looking to make. For colors, sizes, and certain parts, you can pretty much customize to your heart's content, but for some things, such as the location of the top and side bars, there's not as much available.


Here's a potential issue which isn't listed in the troubleshooting guide Jos linked. Even if your sound isn't muted in the desktop volume controls, it could still be muted or turned down very low in alsamixer.

This guide has basic instructions for using alsamixer. For me, the crucial one was to look for the MM symbols that mean certain outputs are muted.


Has anyone installed Ubuntu on Atom/Celeron-based Slate PC?

I have 13.04 running on a Dell Mini 9 netbook.  This version actually operates better than the original 8.04 that was shipped on the netbook.  This netbook has Intel an Atom N270 1.6 GHz processor, 2MB ram and a 16GB SSD.


How do I set Thunar as my default file manager in 15.04?

None of the other solutions worked for me. It turns out my desktop manager uses gvfs and not xdg. Thus I had to configure the mimetype for gvfs.

See what's currently set:

gvfs-mime --query inode/directory

Set it to Thunar:

gvfs-mime --set inode/directory Thunar.desktop

And test it:

gvfs-open $HOME


Can't connect to a specific WiFi network (Ubuntu 14.04)

From what I found on ubuntuforums.org you should

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source

reboot
and you may need to blacklist b43 and/or ssb
but you can try this after a reboot one line at a time and see if you are able to connect

sudo modprobe -r b43
sudo modprobe -r ssb

If you are able to connect only with using the modprobe -r b43 then echo "blacklist b43" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/b43.conf

If it also took the modprobe -r ssb to connect then do both echo "blacklist b43" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/b43.conf
and echo "blacklist ssb" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/b43.conf
and wifi should connect


How do you create a script to batch add repositories and then batch install packages?

Step 1

sudo apt-get install python-software-properties

  Step 2

# For example -
# http://www.webupd8.org/2012/01/install-oracle-java-jdk-7-in-ubuntu-via.html
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java

  Step 3

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

  Step 4

PKGLIST="oracle-java7-installer" # Whatever packages you want to bulk install
sudo apt-get install $PKGLIST


How can I set up a broadband connection?

If you're setting up for BSNL, Network Manager does not support PPP connection over WiFi as of now. And it probably never will.

You need to edit a file and then run a command to start a connection.
Edit /etc/ppp/peers/provider and add these lines:

plugin rp-pppoe
wlan1

user "username"
noipdefault

usepeerdns
defaultroute
replacedefaultroute
noauth
persist
hide-password

You must replace wlan1 with the name of your wireless interface. Use the iwconfig command to find out. In your case it could be wlan0. Replace "username" (keep the quotes here) with your login username provided by the ISP.
Then edit /etc/ppp/chap_secrets:

# Secrets for authentication using CHAP
# client    server  secret          IP addresses
username *      password

Again, replace username and password with login details from your ISP (no quotes here).

If you're unsure of how to edit them, use sudo -H gedit <filename> to edit both files.

Then use the command pon to start a connection and poff -a to stop all connections when you're done. Use plog to check the status of the connection.

If you are using Network Manager to connect to WiFi, you can get it to start a connection automatically when the WiFi is connected. In a terminal, type:

sudo grep -i uuid /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/*

You will see a list of files with UUIDs listed. Copy the UUID for your WiFi connection (e.g. 44f15a85-2c11-453d-b557-385ba3a5bb84). Do sudo  -H gedit /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/10-ppp.sh and add these lines:

#! /bin/bash

if [[ $CONNECTION_UUID == '44f15a85-2c11-453d-b557-385ba3a5bb84' ]]
then
    case $1 in
    up)
        while pgrep ppp >/dev/null
        do
            poff -a
        done
        pon
        ;;
    down)
        while pgrep ppp >/dev/null
        do
            poff -a
        done
        ;;
    *)
    ;;
    esac
fi

After saving the file, execute these commands:

sudo chown root /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/10-ppp.sh
sudo chmod 744 /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/10-ppp.sh

You have to do this because dispatcher scripts have to be owned by root and not writable by anybody else but the owner, and should be executable.

Here's the annoying bit: If the Wireless connection goes down suddenly, when it gets reconnected, ppp won't be able to reconnect for a couple of minutes or more. You may even have to restart ppp manually by doing poff -a; pon a couple of times. You'll know the connection has been established when plog shows the IP address you have been assigned.


How to connect Bluetooth headset with laptop

One thing that is usually needed to use a headset or other audio device is a module for pulse audio. Open a terminal window with Ctrl+Alt+T and enter

pactl load-module module-bluetooth-discover

and then pair with the device.

It is an Atheros bluetooth that you might not have firmware for, so if the above doesn't work, first try

sudo apt-get install linux-firmware

and reboot.


ubuntu 14.04 lts not starting after logging in

In a terminal - open with Ctrl+Alt+T and enter

export DISPLAY=:0
sudo dconf reset -f /org/compiz/

followed by setsid unity

Should work now :D


The easiest way is to use awk since the field number is fixed.

awk '/Speed:/ {print $3}' screenlog.0

The $3 is the number of column. You did not give the full string, so you may need to change this number.

pilot6@Pilot6:~$ echo "Total Speed: 118.604 Mh/s, Total Shares: 5...." | awk '/Speed:/ {print $3}'
118.604

This will give you all the lines, not the last 3. You can use tail -n3 to filter the last 3 lines:

tail -n3 screenlog.0 | awk '/Speed:/ {print $3}'


Cannot see Boot Screen on Ubuntu 15.04 running on Virtualbox

This is a two-part issue, the first part is

ACPI PCC PROBE FAILED. STARTING VERSION 219.
SMBUS BASE ADDRESS UNINITIALIZED
ade BIOS or use force_addr=0xaddr

I am not sure what the cause of this is, but it pops up every time I boot Ubuntu in Virtualbox.  According to this question,  Boot Error - ACPI PCC Probe Failed the error is harmless.  It is possible to get rid of it by disabling nested paging.

Your second issue, no valid ralp domains is in reference to a power management module.  This page "intel_rapl: no valid rapl domains" message upon boot has some good information about it if you want to know more.

Neither of these messages should prevent your system from booting.  You should still see the boot screen, the messages should only be a slight delay.  Are you unable to boot?  If so, you likely have another issue.


I'd recommend updating to Ubuntu 14.04 since a lot of work has gone into HDMI, graphics and sound in the newer kernels and should work a lot better on your system without error...


Having experienced a similar situation with a Dell Inspiron 1545 w similar hardware specs running Ubuntu 14.04, I opted to try another light version. Installed XUbuntu 16.04 and can recommend you to try this as well. Boot up improved, browsers behave much better, general performance enhancements. For me, it was definitely worth the move. I dual boot with Grub2 and fortunately had no difficulty with that setup. If you need any third party drivers, (I needed the driver for my Broadcom wireless card) that will have to be reinstalled as well, so bone up on that install, again if necessary, before making the move. IT IS worth it to back up documents, pictures, music, and videos (I was able to do a copy of these items to my home network - or can back up to a USB stick OR to a CD/DVD). Hope this helps Craig


Unable to install applications (Oneiric)

The error:

E: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem.

Implys that you need to try to run:

sudo dpkg --configure -a

This should fix the problem.


How do I list all members in a Launchpad team?

As explained by @Rinzwind, you'll need to make multiple queries to take into account the pagination or use python and launchpadlib to handle the pagination for you:

>>> team = launchpad.people['launchpad-beta-testers']
>>> len(team.members)
2238


How to unmount and possibly delete old Ubuntu Core snap

sudo snap remove core --revision 122
  sudo snap remove core --revision 352

So, basically passing the revisions to remove in the command line.

To check the ones you've installed you have to use snap list [snap-name] --all


Seems the issue is only with the repository at http://dl.google.com/linux/earth/deb which appears to be for Google Earth.  Went to the Software Updater, unchecked this repository under Settings->Other Software, ran the update and all is well; except Google Earth may never again be updated.


Using Hyper-V, I can't get past the unlock drive

You need to disable the "splash" screen. Once you power on, when it asks to choose the operating system (Ubuntu, Advanced, etc.) , press E . It will take you to another screen, remove the string "splash" from the line  which says something like "quiet splash video="...

Press Ctrl+X to boot without splash.

After the system boots up, to save this change, you need to modify the file  /etc/default/grub  and remove "splash" from the line beginning with "GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=".

Don't forget to do a

sudo update-grub


Init.d startup script not working for No-IP

You should run this (if you have not done so):

sudo update-rc.d noip2 defaults


Brightness control (Fn+ ...) not working on Ubuntu 14.04 Asus Q502LA

I am answering my own question...
... so at the end after all the sufferings and bumps I ended up switching to openSuse.  Never looked at Ubuntu Unity again, since openSuse does not have any of the problems I have been facing with Unity.

It is my personal opinion, but I think Unity is still a raw meat, while openSuse is a sizzling pepper steak.


you are searching for a dual boot with windows 7? and ubuntu.

there are many "how to's" or tutorials for that.

one of them is here :

dual boot


You can download the .deb package version  here vlc .deb package and dependencies either i386 or amd64 on windows.

after that you can transfer by using USB stick and install it to Ubuntu by right click using GDEBI pakage installer in Ubuntu. If there's messages about dependencies not met than you need to download the dependencies and install it manually and it's provided on that website also.

*WARNING all dependencies must be install first until theres no message appear.

Hope it help.


replace only the first and only the last match using 'sed'

With the exception of the substitute (s) command, you need to preface an alternate delimiter with a backslash i.e. to use | as a regex delimiter in your range it has to be 0,\|$old|

So

sed -i "0,\|$old|{s|$old|$new|g}" file

should work (although the brackets around the substitute expression are unnecessary, since it is a single expression).

Note that including the g (global) flag will cause sed to replace all instances of $old within the first matching line:

$ echo -e "old and bold\nolder and bolder\noldest and boldest" | sed "0,\|old| s|old|new|g"
new and bnew
older and bolder
oldest and boldest

If you want to replace the very first instance only, remove the g i.e.

$ echo -e "old and bold\nolder and bolder\noldest and boldest" | sed "0,\|old| s|old|new|"
new and bold
older and bolder
oldest and boldest


How to Execute Script As Root When User Logs Out?

Yes, there is a way.

Each version of Ubuntu uses some variation of lightdm desktop manager ( also known simply as login screen ). There is an option known as session-cleanup-script , which runs as root upon user logging out. This is to be placed into /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf file in the following format:

[SeatDefaults]
session-cleanup-script=/path/to/script.sh

NOTE:

  Later versions of lightdm (15.10 onwards) have replaced the obsolete [SeatDefaults] with [Seat:*] (source)

For other options, see zless /usr/share/doc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.gz in terminal.


How do I record sound on a Thinkpad Edge 11?

cat /etc/release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=10.10
DISTRIB_CODENAME=maverick
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 10.10"

I that enough?
I am updateing it regularry.

I am 10001% sure that this is a driver problem - I installed Fedora and had same problem with sound.
I red about fircing te snd-hda-intel driver - but did not found something about ThinkPad Edge 11.


Ok after some more trial and error and googling, I stumbled upon this reddit post: https://www.reddit.com/r/linux_gaming/comments/f52fnl/hardware_update_on_the_rx_5600_xts_performance_on/

Which mentions exactly the problem I was having albeit on another ubuntu-based OS. The OP mentions that he got it to work but had to do a few things:

install the latest firmware
install the latest mesa packages
install the latest kernel

So I gave that a whack and it actually worked. Specifically do the following:

Boot the 18.04 live cd, press e while try ubuntu without installing is selected. Replace the text quiet splash with nomodeset and press F10 to boot. You should be greeted by the desktop in all its 720P glory... Install ubuntu from there as normal
Upon restart, when you get the grub menu, do the same thing again. With ubuntu highlighted, press e and replace quiet splash with nomodeset and press F10 to continue booting. Sometimes the grub menu is all purple with no boot options, press esc if this happens and then do the nomodeset trick as described.
Once in you can use the following script to get the OS patched to boot properly with this card:

#!/bin/bash
set -e

#grab the latest navi10 firmware
sudo apt install git
git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git
cd linux-firmware
git checkout $(git describe --tags)
sudo cp -rp amdgpu/* /lib/firmware/amdgpu/
#sudo update-initramfs -u #this happens when we install the new kernel below
cd -

#grab newest mesa drivers and update other packages...
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:paulo-miguel-dias/pkppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade #too lazy to list individual packages

#grab a newer kernel
wget https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v5.5.6/linux-headers-5.5.6-050506_5.5.6-050506.202002240832_all.deb
wget https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v5.5.6/linux-headers-5.5.6-050506-generic_5.5.6-050506.202002240832_amd64.deb
wget https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v5.5.6/linux-image-unsigned-5.5.6-050506-generic_5.5.6-050506.202002240832_amd64.deb
wget https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v5.5.6/linux-modules-5.5.6-050506-generic_5.5.6-050506.202002240832_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i *.deb

That's it, reboot and let the OS start itself as normal. Your resolution should match whatever your display supports and your GPU should now be used properly. At the time of writing there are still some strange things going on. If you put the computer to sleep and wake it there is massive flickering even if you restart gdm, so I suppose we'll need to wait a bit for better drivers.


Add/edit line text in file without open editor (linux command)

Using sed:

sed -i 's/1/0/g' test.txt

In general:

sed -i 's/oldstring/newstring/g' filename

See man sed for more info.


First of all, welcome to Linux and Ubuntu.

The messages you see in the command line are not to worry about. They are related to the FileZilla GUI and are more warnings than anything else; if the programme runs as expected leave it be.

The easiest way to execute Filezilla from the command line as you ask is by creating an alias. Type the following command:

alias filezilla='~/Desktop/Filezilla/bin/filezilla'

To make the alias permanent you must add it to the ~/.bash_aliases file:

echo "alias filezilla='~/Desktop/Filezilla/bin/filezilla'" >> ~/.bash_aliases

After that you can simply type filezilla to execute the programme.

Better still is to make Unity awere that FileZilla is installed. To do so you need to create a file named filezilla.desktop in the ~/.local/share/applications folder. The contents of this file could look like this:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=FileZilla
Icon=<path/to/fillezilla/icon>
Exec=/home/<user>/Desktop/Filezilla/bin/filezilla
Terminal=false
Categories=Development;IDE;Java;
Comment=

Where you should replace <path/to/fillezilla/icon> for a path to the FileZilla icon and <user>for your user name. After creating this file, you need to log out and log on again for the FileZilla element to appear in the Lens.


How to automatically power off usb devices after unmounting

Generally speaking, udisksctl should do the trick if the hardware supports it. Not all USB disks adhere to the standards equally well...

udisksctl power-off -b /dev/sdX will attempt to power off the disk:

$ udisksctl power-off --help
Usage:
udisksctl power-off [OPTION...]

Safely power off a drive.

Options:
  -p, --object-path         Object path for ATA device
  -b, --block-device        Device file for ATA device
  --no-user-interaction     Do not authenticate the user if needed

Just tested this with a couple of different drives (Seagate BackupPlus 1000GB, ICY-box with a 500GB drive), and it seems to work. It did not work on a chinese super-cheap ($0.90) S-ATA-USB adapter...

You may also try the eject command - which sends the eject command to the device. This will in many cases cause spin down. sudo eject /dev/sdX - but there's slim chance of it working, if udisksctl does not work.


Can't boot into fresh install of Ubuntu with AHCI enabled

After a few days of trying, I finally managed to sort out the issue. It turns out it was indeed a bug in the AHCI BIOS described in this discussion. So I booted using the Parted Magic CD and I mounted a USB stick with a copy of wxHex Editor. Ran the editor and manually changed the two bytes (0x1C3 and 0x1C4) of the MBR on both disks to the values the above link suggests (0xFE and 0xFF). Rebooted and voilà, both disks were successfully recognized!


I cannot find Google2ubuntu in repositories

You can try manual download of the packages by commands below:
cd ~/Downloads
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/p/pygobject/python-gi_3.36.0-1_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libf/libffi/libffi7_3.3-4_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/s/simplejson/python-simplejson_3.16.0-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/pycairo/python-cairo_1.16.2-1_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/p/pygobject-2/python-gobject-2_2.28.6-14ubuntu1_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/p/pygtk/python-gtk2_2.24.0-5.1ubuntu2_amd64.deb

wget https://launchpad.net/~benoitfra/+archive/ubuntu/google2ubuntu/+files/google2ubuntu_1.1.5_all.deb

sudo apt-get install ./python-gi_3.36.0-1_amd64.deb ./libffi7_3.3-4_amd64.deb ./python-simplejson_3.16.0-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb ./python-cairo_1.16.2-1_amd64.deb ./python-gtk2_2.24.0-5.1ubuntu2_amd64.deb ./python-gobject-2_2.28.6-14ubuntu1_amd64.deb ./google2ubuntu_1.1.5_all.deb

Then try to launch it by its launchers.


You can either simply enter them by hand in each terminal you open, like the following:

LC_ALL=C
LANG=C

or you put it into .bashrc in the following way:

LC_ALL=C
LANG=C
export LC_ALL LANG


How do I disable Dunst and go back to notify-osd?

The notification daemon is started by dbus-daemon when a notification is sent. You can see the currently-active notification daemon (assuming there is one) by searching for the org.freedesktop.Notifications bus name on the session bus in D-Feet; you can also examine journalctl output to see what dbus-daemon thinks it's doing, and why (including e.g. which application sent a notification).

dbus-daemon looks at the service files in /usr/share/dbus-1/services/ to find the service to run for each bus name. The file org.freedesktop.Notifications.service is the file for notify-osd (on default Ubuntu 18.04), and dunst installs a new service at org.knopwob.dunst.service. Both files have a Name of org.freedesktop.Notifications, meaning that they're both capable of handling notifications.

Unfortunately, dbus-daemon isn't very clever when it comes to working out which service to start when there are multiple possible services for a given bus name. As of 2018, it just picks the first one it finds; there's been a feature request in Red Hat Bugzilla about this for almost a decade. The only real solutions appear to be:

write your own service that picks whether to start notify-osd or dunst based on some factor (covered in this answer), or
move or delete all but one of the conflicting service files.

Moving the conflicting service files is much easier in this case: just run sudo mv /usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.knopwob.dunst.service{,.disabled}. If you want to start using dunst again, it's easy enough to rename the file back to what it was originally.


How can I browse linux kernel package source like I can other packages on Launchpad?

If you go here: http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/ you will find ALL the kernels currently used. Select the one in question. You will find the "build.log" and the "changes" there.


Not really, I mean there probably are, but Ubuntu's pretty easy to setup. The oldest version I ever setup was 6.10, and it was pretty much the same as 10.10 was two months ago.

It's really easy. Just follow the prompts. (Unless you mean the VMWare part, that's also easy, just load the iso file and say boot)


An unofficial PPA ppa:samoilov-lex/sway exists (compatible with Ubuntu 19.04+):

Run following commands in order to install Sway from the PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:samoilov-lex/sway
sudo apt update
sudo apt install sway

After installing, it should be possible to start Sway from the login screen.

See also

For installing Sway on distributions (that don't have a Sway package available in their official repositories) see the wiki page on Unsupported Packages.


As @Jorge Castro mentioned in a comment, the reason your ~/.byobu/windows configuration isn't working is because byobu is now based on tmux (the "Terminal Multiplexer"). As mentioned by @Hai Vu, there is a workaround that allows you to use screen as byobu's backend, but it isn't overly complicated to switch to tmux.

You'll want to edit the .tmux.conf file located in your user's .byobu folder (~/.byobu/.tmux.conf). Here you will want to write commands to construct your terminal windows using the commands found in the tmux manual. Here is a simple example that can help get you started:

new-window -ad -n Git
new-window -ad -n "Project Build/Run"
new-window -ad -n PostgreSQL

Here I have inserted three commands into the .tmux.conf file. As defined by the manual:

  The configuration file is a set of tmux commands which are
                     executed in sequence when the server is first started.

So in this case, when you start Byobu, you should see three pre-created windows with the titles "Git", "Projected Build/Run", and "PostgreSQL" (from left to right). Hope this helps.


Removing Oracle JDK and re-configuring update-alternatives

Could you please try to run with arguments without quotes? It works in my case:

svyatoslav@svyatoslav-DNS:~$ sudo update-alternatives --config java
[sudo] password for svyatoslav:
Есть 4 варианта для альтернативы java (предоставляет /usr/bin/java).

  Выбор   Путь                                        Приор Состояние
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java   1071      автоматический режим
  1            /usr/bin/gij-4.9                                 1049      ручной режим
  2            /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java   1061      ручной режим
  3            /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java   1071      ручной режим
* 4            /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java   1069      ручной режим

Нажмите enter, чтобы сохранить текущий выбор[*], или введите выбранное число:
svyatoslav@svyatoslav-DNS:~$ sudo update-alternatives --remove java /usr/bin/gij-4.9
svyatoslav@svyatoslav-DNS:~$ sudo update-alternatives --config java
Есть 3 варианта для альтернативы java (предоставляет /usr/bin/java).

  Выбор   Путь                                        Приор Состояние
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java   1071      автоматический режим
  1            /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java   1061      ручной режим
  2            /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java   1071      ручной режим
* 3            /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java   1069      ручной режим


Gaining root privs within LiveCD, for drive mounted in /media/[user]?

There is an interesting bug feature in ubuntu live-CDs(USBs): they require you to use root if you want to modify files on the hard drive. The joke is that root on live-CDs doesn't have a password! Therefore:

SOLUTION:

sudo lubuntu_default_filemanager
Press Enter
Perform rescue operations.


That depend on the line. Usually, it is Field=value.

There is IN, OUT, the ingoing interface, or outgoing ( or both, for packet that are just relayed.

A few of them are:

TOS, for Type of service,
DST is destination ip,
SRC is source ip
TTL is time to live, a small counter decremented each time a packet is passed through another router (so if there is a loop, the package destroy itself once to 0)
DF is "don't fragment" bit, asking to packet to not be fragmented when sent
PROTO is the protocol (mostly TCP and UDP)
SPT is the source port
DPT is the destination port

etc.

You should take a look at TCP/UDP/IP documentation, where everything is explained in more detailed way that i could ever do.

Let's take the first one, that mean that 176.58.105.134 sent a UDP packet on port 123 for 194.238.48.2. That's for ntp. So i guess someone try to use your computer as a ntp server, likely by error.

For the other line, that's curious, that's traffic on loopback interface ( lo ), ie that's not going anywhere, it goes and comes from your computer.

I would check if something is listening on tcp port 30002 with lsof or netstat.


Set volume levels by application in sound indicator applet?

No, it was decided not to include this in the new sound indicator applet. You will have to click on Sound Preferences from the menu to do so.


How can I recover my data after installing 12.04 over Windows 7?

Recovering after a format, since you probably selected "remove windows and install ubuntu", should be able with: Easeus Data Recovery Wizard

Its possible, but you must not have written something to it:

  Actually, to unformat a disk is a highly technical task. If you
  accidentally format your disk, data recovery is possible. The reason
  is that a format only reset files system, it does not erase data on
  the disk; but remember: don't partition it again, don't format again,
  don't write files onto it and don't install Windows on it again. In
  this way, you are possible to unformat your data. The result of
  unformat disk mostly depends on following factors:

  For FAT type file systems: file fragmentation is a major factor. Fragmented files are likely to emerge corrupted, and un-fragmented
  files will be fine. The format process destroys a number of important
  bookkeeping structures on a FAT type partition, the FAT (File
  Allocation Table) and the root directory. The absence of these
  structures makes recovery complicated.
  For NTFS type file systems: fragmentation is of little consequence. The format process only re-initializes a part of the MFT and most of
  the MFT remains intact. Using the information stored in the MFT, even
  fragmented files can be recovered intact under the help of a unformat
  software.

I would say, give it a shot, just run a windows live cd, like Hirens ultimate boot disk.
BTW, they had a linux version, but they dont distribute that anymore, I am sorry I have no linux way for fixing this


Touchpad not working on Gnome 17.04 (it worked on Unity 17.04)

After following this answer to get my function keys working, my touchpad is fine again.


How to turn on/off  boot messages when Ubuntu starts?

The file /var/log/syslog.1 contains the system log of the earlier boot.


Why does my display keep turning off every 10 minutes?

I note in the comments section that you have turned off power management.

Possibly you have run

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power active false

Have you been playing with the alternative power management software xfce4-power-manager ?

Running xfce4-power-manager & via a terminal or xfce4-power-manager via startup applications, you can change when the monitor turns off - by default it is 10 minutes...

i.e. running xfce4-power-manager-settings

If you want gnome to be the default power management run

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power active true in a terminal.


Why does Pidgin refuse to connect to Facebook Chat?

The settings have changed recently.

open pidigin accounts and edit the facebook account to the following:

  Protocol: XMPP

  Username: xyz (This might not be the username that you enter at facebook login page - But the one which you see on your timeline link - https://www.facebook.com/xyz)

  Domain: chat.facebook.com

  Resource: Pidgin (this is what is missing most of the time)

  Password: xyx

  Local alias: xyz

On the advanced tab:

    Connect port: 5222

    Connect server: chat.facebook.com


You can uninstall the current version and install the old version using terminal.

To remove use the command:

 sudo apt-get remove --purge kazam
 sudo apt-get update

Now install a specific kazam version.

Current version of Kazam in the repository is 1.0.6. Previous version on 12.04 is Kazam 1.0.5. You can download the package from  Launchpad site

Also check this Q&A on how to avoid updating a particular package.


How do I find the build dependencies of aircrack-ng?

The aircrack ng page has the instructions:

  Kernel headers and gcc as well as make have to be installed on your
  system. On Debian-based distros (Debian, Ubuntu, Xubuntu, …), issue
  the following command in a console to install them: sudo apt-get
  install build-essential

  OpenSSL (development).

  It is called
  openssl-dev or libssl-dev depending on your distribution.

On ubuntu it's libssl-dev, so the full command to install the build dependencies is:

sudo apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev

See also:

How do I find the dependencies when building software from source?


How can I run a Java program in background?

You can't foreground a process from a different sesion.  The functionality you want is probably possible with the screen command.

As for the java app failing to run in init.d; you are not changing to the /opt/glassfish/domains/domain1/applications/AS/WEB-INF/classes folder.  You have '.' in your classpath so it matters where you run from.

Ideally, I think you should keep the bash script and run that from init.d.  However, you could also add the full path to your init.d classpath explicitly.  Though I suspect you will need to use screen because of the inability to foreground the app.

For screen, this is an example of what you are looking for

$ screen -S myScreen -d -m ./dostuff.sh
$ screen -r myScreen


Chromium saved passwords are not loaded until save a password

Set the keyring password to blank.  Put your password in it, and then leave the new password without an entry.

How do I change the "Default" password


18.04 LTS: Dual Boot issue on Acer Swift 3 315-41

There seems to be a workaround. I need to specify the kernel boot parameter "reboot=pci". To do so, you can edit /etc/default/grub:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="reboot=pci"

and update grub:

sudo update-grub

That's it. Rebooting seems to last quite long, but at least it works.

It might be worth filing a bug to the linux kernel for a quirk in order to add an entry to the reboot_dmi_table?


I had the same problem ever since i installed Kubuntu. I fixed it by simply updating all of my packages. If that doesn't work, I'd suggest disabling all of your desktop effects in settings and re-enabling them until the boxes reappear.


I have few suggestion you could try.
1. Check if the problem persists with other users created on your PC/Laptop
2. If the programs are working well on other user accounts, probably it has something to do with you misconfiguration of your profile.

What I would usually do is re-install unity:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall unity-services
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


What would be the most efficient version of Ubuntu to install that would outperform Windows XP in speed and overall efficiency?

The lightweight flavor of Ubuntu (fastest and best suited for older computers) is Lubuntu: http://www.lubuntu.net/

That would be what I would go for with that Laptop.


You can create them in your home directory. So

vi /home/$USER/.netrc

And the contents generally looks like this:

machine {remote-server}
login {email}
password {password}

ISCE might look for a specific location (but I would assume it will look in /home/$USER/ by default).


According to HP, this printer has been supported using the hplip package since v3.9.6. According to the hplip package on launchpad, this printer has been supported since 10.04.

You can install hplip from the Software Center:

Then connect your printer.

If necessary, you can add your printer via the Dash - printer icon - you can select the driver manually i.e.


Unable to connect or manage networks in Lubuntu 12.04 [VMWarePlayer]

you need to port forward from your machine to current VM.
And also from your router(if any) to your machine.
I use virtual box which gives option to port forward


Graphic crash after Ubuntu 12.04 minor update

On my Acer Aspire One 722, I observed the X-server freezing after a minor update to kernel:

3.2.0-27-generic-pae #43-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jul 6 15:06:05 UTC 2012 i686 athlon i386 GNU/Linux

This seems to be connected to the WLAN driver.

The X server restarts correctly after changing to the console (Ctrl+Alt+F1) and killing the hanging X server. However this is only a workaround, and not a fix. As another suggestion: switching off WLAN before booting might work as well.


Minimum and maximum cpu frequency are equal

First make sure that you are connecting to a quality AC source. I had my machine plugged into a long extension cord, and that was part of the problem.

Next, assuming the Bios is getting in the way, try this:

Edit /etc/default/grub

Add processor.ignore_ppc=1 to the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT line.

run sudo update-grub

reboot the computer.

This is from http://www.woolie.co.uk/article/dell-laptop-stuck-800mhz-linux-fix/


How to add description to lxd container?

One can control the columns displayed by lxc list with the -c flag. However, there's a predefined list of columns, and as far as I'm aware you can't add new ones. You can see available columns by typing lxc list --help.

There is, still, one tool you can use, and that's the user.* free-form key/value configuration option (see the documentation). You may set your own keys with

lxc config set <my-container> user.<my-key> "<key-value-string>"

Then, you can either filter containers by these values, as in

lxc list "user.<my-key>=abc"

or you can read these keys for a specific container with lxc config show <my-container> (or, better yet, lxc config show <my-container> | grep <my-key>).

You can also remove such keys with lxc config unset <my-container> user.<my-key>, or manually with lxc config edit <my-container>.


Open the file ~/.wine/system.reg in a text editor such as gedit.

There should be an entry about it such as:

[System\\CurrentControlSet\\Hardware Profiles\\Current\\Software\\Fonts]
"LogPixels"=dword:00000060

Then change the value that you see there to 60.

Source


This type of error can occur when there are too many bad sectors on the hard drive. No matter what, the Ubuntu installer will stop somewhere in the middle until you replace the hard drive. This is easy to check if you have a replacement hard drive handy. Pull out the existing hard drive and try installing Kubuntu again on a different hard drive.
If you are installing Kubuntu, it's recommended that your laptop has about 2GB of RAM or more. If your laptop has only 1GB RAM, you'd be better off installing a more lightweight version such as Ubuntu MATE, Xubuntu or Lubuntu. For a computer with less than 3GB of RAM you should download the 32-bit version.


Installed Teamviewer using a 64-bit system, but I get a dependency error

The problem is that the teamviewer_linux_x64.deb, the package that was aimed to 64-bit systems, uses a obsolete package that tried to achieve multiarch previously in Debian based systems called ia64-libs. Although, that package scheme changed and now Teamviewer distribute the native build for both i386 and amd64 architecture, as they don't need anymore multiarch.

Simply downloading the appropriated package for Debian/Ubuntu and installing it using your favorite method, should be enough. This package also installs a repository, so it should also automatically upgrade itself when you upgrade your system.


How to download a package for offline installation?

Typing apt-get -d install <packagename> should do the trick. The -d flag tells apt-get to only download the package and not install it. Adding -o=dir::cache=/mnt should tell apt to download it into /mnt, but you might need to fiddle about with that to make it work properly (it might want directories laid out like an apt-cache, it's been a while since I've done this).


ubuntu 18.04 apt-get upgrade problem "redirection loop encountered."

You are going to love this.

192.119.223.46 resolves to 192-119-223-46.client.mchsi.com.

mchsi.com belongs to Mediacom.
If you are a Mediacom customer it means they are hijacking your traffic and sending it somewhere it shouldn't go.

I would try a traceroute to us.archive.ubuntu.com and see where it diverts.

I would also try using a free DNS server like Google's 8.8.8.8 or Cloudflare's 1.1.1.1.


Can't to log in postgres account by pgAdmin

There's a postgres unix user account password, which you can change using passwd as root.

There is also a totally unrelated postgres role in the database, which might have a password of its own. This is totally unaffected by the passwd command. If you have forgotten this password, you have to reset it within PostgreSQL. See:

https://stackoverflow.com/q/10845998/398670
https://dba.stackexchange.com/q/19643/7788

etc.

The reason it works from psql but not PgAdmin is probably that you'll be using a unix socket with psql, using peer authentication to bypass password auth completely. If you've got localhost in your connection setup for PgAdmin it'll use TCP/IP instead, which is probably set to require md5 password authentication. Check your pg_hba.conf to confirm.


What is an ISO file and how do I use it?

An ISO file is an archive file of an optical disk. If you have a 32-bit machine then you should download the 32-bit version instead. Go here for help with which version you should get.

And once you have decided which version to get go to one of these to download the 32-bit version of either:

14.04.2 (LTS)
15.04 (Latest)

Read this for instructions on how to install the ISO on a LiveCD (USB or disk): How to burn ISO to disk on Windows

Once you have burned it onto the LiveCD, then you will need to boot from that disk, to do so, insert the LiveCD and restart the machine. This should take you straight to the Ubuntu installation wizard. If it does not, you will need to enter your machine's BIOS and move the LiveCD to the top of the boot order list, for instructions on how to do this read this: Boot from CD

Go here for instructions on the Graphical Installation Wizard: Graphical Installation Wizard guide

Duplicate: How do I install Ubuntu?


It's easiest to use one of the .deb packages.

The packages should be labelled with the architecture they were compiled for. Now you need to choose the correct one.

If you have a 64bit system, look for one with amd64, x86_64, x86-64 or just 64bit in the name.

If you're running a 32bit system, search for something like i386, x86 or 32bit.

When you've found the correct package, extract it from the tar archive and open a terminal in the extraction directory. Install the package using

sudo dpkg -i name_of_the_package.deb

If dpkg returns some dependency errors, fix them by running sudo apt-get install -f


Ubuntu 14.04 unstable wifi connection with Intel wifi card

If your WiFi card is working there are two courses of action you can take:

You can also verify that you're not using generic drivers for your specific card.

http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/network-and-i-o/wireless-networking/000005511.html

Also, Intel has an entire wiki on maintaining drivers for their devices located here.
You may just have to turn the power up. I know this sounds bad, but unfortunately the drivers for WiFi just aren't that great and unfortunately do not match their Windows counterparts. I experienced this on my box as well.

Please keep in mind that this can cause excessive heat on your board.

sudo iw reg set BO
sudo iwconfig wlan0 txpower 30

This turns up the power and switches your country to Bolivia.


Unable to locate package ubuntu-restricted-extras and software center issue

You need to kill all instances of the update manager. To do this you can Ctrl+Alt+t to open a terminal and type sudo killall update-manager

Now you need to manager the update-manager.

Alt+F2 type update-manager once it opens go to settings and uncheck automatic updates. This will allow you to manually manage the apt process. --you will no longer receive automatic updates. You should be able to add restricted extras without interruption.

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras


I would go with this PPA, maintained by Martin Pitt.

https://launchpad.net/~pitti/+archive/postgresql

(Martin Pitt is also the one maintaining the official Debian- and Ubuntu PostgreSQL packages.)


Wired network issues (disabled ethernet)

stop network-manager

sudo service network-manager stop

Then :

sudo rm /var/lib/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.state

Then :

start network manager

sudo service network-manager start


A tablet is not really an option to do any serious programming with. If you mean whether you can develop FOR tablet, well of course you can. Check out Ubuntu Developer website.


It doesn't cause any damages to your system,if you install it from website.

Download Vuze 5.2 from here.


How to make aplications installed in /opt appear in Unity?

You can try creating a laucher icon. Do the following:

Right-click on your desktop and select Create Laucher option:

A dialog box is going to prompt. You may now set up your laucher.

By clicking on the Browse button you may select the file to be executed. (in this case, google chrome)

Having everything set, click OK and a new laucher will be added to your desktop folder.

Now, you may cut and paste it wherever you want, as well as drag and drop it to your Unity bar (whateverthenameofthiscrapis).


HDD not found after battery reset. LiveCD detects HDD

I changed to CSM instead of UEFI. (samsung 7-series BIOS says something about CSM is for windows.)
After that i rebooted into liveUSB and:

In [boot-repair]: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair , i ran MBR repair via advanced options.
Restarted and ran boot-repair again, with one error regarding blocksize.
Rebooted and everything worked.


Change system settings depending on whether a monitor is plugged in

At first – in order to use this method – you need to see if your graphics card sends an udev-event, when a VGA monitor is plugged in. To do this, open a terminal, type udevadm monitor --property and plug a monitor in. You should see something like this:

KERNEL[7671.540341] change   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm/card0 (drm)
ACTION=change
DEVNAME=dri/card0
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm/card0
DEVTYPE=drm_minor
HOTPLUG=1
MAJOR=226
MINOR=0
SEQNUM=2296
SUBSYSTEM=drm
UDEV_LOG=3

UDEV  [7672.099723] change   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm/card0 (drm)
ACTION=change
DEVNAME=/dev/dri/card0
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm/card0
DEVTYPE=drm_minor
HOTPLUG=1
MAJOR=226
MINOR=0
SEQNUM=2296
SUBSYSTEM=drm
TAGS=:udev-acl:
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=20836591

If you don't get an event, then it is not possible to use this method.

Next, a rule for udev is created. This can be done by creating a file /etc/udev/rules.d/90-monitor-hotplug.rules. To do so, open a terminal and type gksudo gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/90-monitor-hotplug.rules. The gksudo is needed, because only root may create files in this directoy. Then paste the following line in the file and save it:

SUBSYSTEM=="drm", ACTION=="change", RUN+="/bin/su user -c '/home/user/bin/monitorhotplug.sh'"

Of course, you have to substitute the word user with your own username. This will cause udev to run the command specified behind RUN. The command executes the file /home/user/bin/monitorhotplug.sh as your user. This file has now to be created.

To to so, open a terminal and type gedit /home/user/bin/monitorhotplug.sh. Remeber to substitute user with your own username. Now paste the following script into the file and save it:

#!/bin/bash

# we need some environment variables
export DISPLAY=:0
export XAUTHORITY=~/.Xauthority
eval $(sed -n '/^#/! { s/^/export /; s/$/;/; p }' ~/.dbus/session-bus/*-${DISPLAY//:/})

# if a VGA monitor is plugged in:
if [ $(cat /sys/class/drm/card0-VGA-1/status) = "connected" ]; then
    # set my power settings
   gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power lid-close-ac-action 'nothing'
   gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power lid-close-battery-action 'nothing'
    xrandr --output VGA1 --auto
    # turn off laptop screen
    xrandr --output LVDS1 --off
# in case of anything else reset to standard options
else
   # reset my power settings
   gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power lid-close-ac-action 'suspend'
   gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power lid-close-battery-action 'suspend'
   # xrandr does the rest alone
    #xrandr --output VGA1 --off
    #xrandr --output LVDS1 --auto
fi

Now the file has to be made executable. To do so, open a terminal and type chmod +x /home/user/bin/monitorhotplug.sh.

Now it should work:
 1. When you plug in a VGA monitor, your internal Laptop Screen (LVDS) will be turned off and your laptop will not suspend, if you close the lid.
 2. When you plug the monitor out, or any other event with monitors occures, it will reset the power settings to suspend when the lid is closed.

There is still one little issue: When you have your monitor plugged in and close the lid, ubuntu will lock the screen, so you have to move the mouse and enter your password again.

I hope this helps somebody. Me, I am personnaly enjoying my little DIY docking station. :)


After deleting files I do not get any more space on my hard drive and files are not in trash

Yes it make all the difference because root has a separate trash.

To empty it you may paste this on terminal:  gksudo nautilus '/root/.Trash/' to open the trash and then remove it's files.


How to allow flash player to have controll over mic & cam

This is a long known bug unfortunately.
See this bug report: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/adobe-flashplugin/+bug/865672

On some sites, like youtube you can work around this by making the flash window fullscreen and then using the dialog (for some reason this works). But unfortunately there doesn't seem to be an option like that on your karaoke website.


Ubuntu 16.04 won't boot. Radeon VCE init error (-110)

This was fixed with a clean install. OS upgrades are never a very good idea.