I am using the 3.13.0-24-generic 64-bit version with the 337.12 Nvidia driver. Today I changed to the 334.21 Nvidia version. All is good. This means that we know the 337/334 versions of Nvidia do work with the 3.13.0-24-generic kernel version.

What I suggest is to first troubleshoot some of the problems mentioned in How do I install the Nvidia drivers?

Specially the part about looking for any left over nvidia configuration files (Maybe /etc/modprobe.conf). If the purging worked correctly you should have loaded Ubuntu using the Nvidia nouveau driver which supports resolutions higher than 640. Of course, I am assuming you don't have an Nvidia 8xx or one of the latest 700 series which still have some minor issues with Nouveau.

Check to see if no Nvidia config files were left behind and use only the Xorg PPA because the Nvidia package from the Nvidia site has other ways of installing (and leaving) packages.


Error on account email - No SSH Key found

Documentation should look like this

Create SSH keys on "putty key generator" (PAGE: winscp.net/eng/download.php#download2)
(The windows is in Tools/Run PuttyGen, you can see it PAGE: winscp.net/eng/docs/ui_puttygen#obtaining_and_starting_puttygen)
Copy generated keys to your account (Ubuntu SSO)
Run Raspberry Ubuntu Core and log in with Ubuntu SSO login and password (keys will automaticly download from your Ubuntu SSO account)
Start Putty and log in with private key https://support.rackspace.com/how-to/logging-in-with-an-ssh-private-key-on-windows/
There is possibility to log in remotely. It is possible to log in directly from Raspberry Pi but you should change root password before.

Source: https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=56&t=175305


Baobab is a usefull tool to see where you have some space used.
If you can't find it by yourself please add a screenshot of your baobab to your question.


Problems after upgrading to 16.04LTS: GUI not Properly working

apt-get dist-upgrade --fix-broken

Did the trick for me.


Promoting an app in the Ubuntu Software Center through a ratings and reviews API

Ubuntu Software Center can be launched with a package name:

software-center chromium-browser

which displays the 'Write your own review' action, but you usually have to scroll to see it.

If you'd like to be able to display your own review form and submit via the ratings and reviews API, you can do so with the submit_review API call, but it'll require an authenticated API call... see "Making authenticated API calls" at:

http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~rnr-developers/rnr-server/rnrclient/view/head:/doc/quickstart.rst


How do I remove Tumbler from Xubuntu 16.04?

If this is about CPU cost, disabling thumbnails creation may do the trick
See this Doc from xfce.org

Create a tumbler.rc file
Disable the plugin with Disabled=true for all thumbnailers
You can also play with Priority and Locations options


This sounds like an older bug we've already fixed.

Let's hope this is the same one. All it takes to get rid of the black screen bug is to update to the latest version.

Since you've bought the game via HIB4 all you need is use the download link you've received after the purchase to download the latest version (v. 1.2.2.).

You can also drop a message on our forums or contact us from our site in case the latest update did not work out to be the solution.


How to fast convert mp4 to webm using ffmpeg?

Transcoding video takes time.  It also takes a lot more knowledge about encoding parameters; ffmpeg's defaults are unlikely to be suitable for you and may not even create a usable output file.
Here's a start:
Encoding webm using ffmpeg (Archived)
Those settings will encode to a particular average bitrate (video bitrate of 3900kbit), so there will be spikes in the bitrate.
MP4 and WebM use different video codecs, so there is no short-cut; video must be transcoded.
Encoding speed, of course, will vary immensely depending on the frame size, frame rate, and quality settings.  For a 720p encode you might expect to be able to encode roughly 1:1 (ie 10 hours of video in 10 hours) on a CPU from the last couple of years.  If you do two-pass ABR encoding like in the example given in the link, almost double that.


You should either try to free up space or add new hard drive. With free space of less than 1GB, what can you do with the computer anyway?


Adding Eclipse CDT to an existing Eclipse JDT installation

Try this: Window->Open perspective->Other... The CDT perspective should be there unless an error occurred while installing.

EDIT: Also make sure that Eclipse C/C++ Development Tools are listed in your installation details. Help->About Eclipse SDK->Installation details


Try to change your script as follow:

#!/bin/bash

export DISPLAY=:0

scrot 'screenshot.png' -e 'mv $f /mnt/ftp/screenshots/'

And this because the problem occur because cron uses only a very restricted set of environment variables, through which DISPLAY doesn't exists.


xampp running but not showing up properly

I was facing the same problem. Opening the localhost with specific port number is what resolves the problem. I changed the listen port to 2145 from default 80. So going to link http://localhost:2145 works well for me.

Comment for any other query.

This link will help to change ports in Xampp.

Configuring the port

Edit the file "httpd.conf"

This file should be found in C:\xampp\apache\conf on Windows or in bin/apache for Linux.:

Listen 80
ServerName localhost:80

Replace them by:

Listen 2145
ServerName localhost:2145

Save the file.

Access to : http://localhost:2145 for check if it's work.

For more information go to this link for changing ports.


Ubuntu Tools for recovering data from damaged USB Flash Drive ~ 10 Gb

http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntucat/recoverdeletedfiles/
Explains with great ease and great pictures too


Ubuntu Touch app with c++ core and QML interface. How to create?

To create Ubuntu touch applicaion with c++ core with UI in QML follow following steps:

Open Qt Creator
Press ctrl+n to create a new project
Choose project as Applications
select Qt Quick Application (Built-in Elements)

This will create a project with UI in QML and core in c++ there will be directory in project directory named sources. It will contain main.cpp to start your application which will be loading the main.qml.


try

  `sudo dpkg --configure -a

Maybe this solves your problem. `


Anyone know how to use "S.M.A.R.T Data and Self Checks " to determine whether or not a HDD is failing?

Usually SMART gives you an indication of what it is happening, the metrics information presented differ from HDD manufacturer.

On a gran scheme if you start to see something like "uncorrectable sector or errors, or re-allocated sectors, or something referencing Spin" is a good indication to take action and replace the HDD.

Usually I would go to the manufactured of the HDD and look there for any value to correlate.

Here is a link to wiki for some reference:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S.M.A.R.T.

Hope this sign post you in the right direction.

MEMA


While using mpv as back-end of Smplayer, I can't use vdpau in videos.

From official SMplayer article:

If you have trouble to play HD videos you can improve performance by following these advices:

If you have a multicore processor: select Preferences in the Options menu. That will open the preferences dialog. Go to the Performance section. Now increase the "threads for decoding" according to the number of cores of your processor (If you have 2 cores, select 2 threads. If you have 4 cores, you can select up to 4 threads, and so on).
If you don't have a multicore processor: select Preferences in the Options menu. That will open the preferences dialog. Go to the Performance section. Check the option "Allow frame drop". This will help to keep A/V sync, although with some video formats it can cause video corruption. You can also experiment with the H.264 "loop filter" option.

In addition, when playing HD videos for the best performance it is recommended to have at least up to 2GB of RAM installed on your system PC and video card with more than 384MB of memory available.


apt-get update stuck at 0% [waiting for headers]?

I removed the Google Chrome update from update manager > other software. And it works fine. What I found is may be the Google server takes a lot of time through my isp so I feel it's better to upgrade chrome manually.


make install doesn't work here because the installer needs access to /usr which is a system directory. So you will have to do sudo make install


How to allow other users to access a mounted NTFS partition with a UserMapping file?

I found my answer here, here and here.

Whant went wrong is that I added my mount point to the /media instead of the /mnt directory (as explained in the first and second link). So the permission issue is fixed with:

<UUID> /mnt/Data ntfs-3g x-gvfs-show,x-gvfs-name=Data,exec,hide_hid_files,hide_dot_files 0 0

instead of:

<UUID> /media/kevin/Data ntfs-3g x-gvfs-show,x-gvfs-name=Data,exec,hide_hid_files,hide_dot_files 0 0

That effectively answers my question.

To be sure that apache would really load the page instead of returning a 403 forbidden response, only one thing remained to be done. The apache configuration needed to have the following Directory settings (as explained in the third link). I added this to /etc/apache2/apache2.conf.

<Directory "/mnt/Data/www">
   allow from all
   Options +Indexes
   Require all granted
</Directory>

That's it! Apache can now serve my site from the ntfs partition.


Adobe's current Flash player for linux is extremely old.  The only way to get an up to date version is to use Google Chrome which has a Pepper implementation of Flash (PepperFlash). So I recommend you install Google Chrome.

To install Chrome:

Go to https://www.google.com/chrome/browser/desktop/index.html
Click the blue button that says "Download Chrome." This will bring up a menu asking you to select the package you want to download.
Select either the 32 bit .deb or 64 bit .deb depending on you computer's architecture. Most modern computers are 64 bit, but it's not a bad idea to double check.
Then, click "Accept and Install". The download will start.
Once the download finishes, open the file. This should bring up Software Centre.
Click the install button.

Alternatively, you can just use the HTML5 player by installing this GreaseMonkey script


You can use Alkinea it automatically converts a LibreOffice document to Kindle.
You can also find a template for a novel type of book here:
    http://soft.alkinea.net/doc_templates.html
This template shows recommended formatting for the paragraph indentation, line spacing, etc.
Try to do most of the formatting using styles.
I would suggest one style for the chapter titles (Headings 1) and another for the text itself (Text Body).
On "Text Body" I would suggest an indent of 0.25" and justify the text.

This software uses "Kindlegen" to do the final conversion to kindle. You can find this software on Amazon's website.
You will also need to download Amazon's previewer.


The Uncomplicated Firewall or ufw is the configuration tool for iptables that comes by default on Ubuntu. So if you wanted to start or stop the ufw service, you'd have to do something like this

#To stop
$ sudo service ufw stop
ufw stop/waiting

#To start
$ sudo service ufw start
ufw start/running

About why you are not receiving the output as shown in the source. It clearly states there that the output you are receiving is for an inactive firewall, that is, no rules have been set. So try setting up some rules in iptables. Here's the Ubuntu Wiki on iptables that shows you how to set, edit them and such.


I found the solution...
Neither the code nor the packages have problem...
The problem is between Iran(the country i live in) and Google.
The repositories from Google wouldn't allow the 'apt-get update' run successfully (due to the SANCTIONS!:D), so i unchecked the repositories from Google in my software center and everything went right after that...


Finally got the device detected in adb under adb devices command by restarting adb server with root privilege as mentioned here in the Troubleshooting adb section.

sudo adb kill-server
sudo adb start-server

After this adb devices returned

7dd91912      unauthorized

with a prompt on device for RSA authorize. After authorizing

adb devices now returns

72291912      device


Need to use sudo -s for make command depending on Ubuntu version

The make command is supposed to compile the source code. That's a task that should not require any administrative privileges. For system wide installation root privileges are necessary. This means in your case, that the makefile is not correct. I don't know what it does, but it is not supposed to do it, since it requires root privileges.

Consider the following scenario: A user wants to install software. He/She lauches

./configure --prefix=/home/joe/bin/usr && make && make install

The make command must not require root access, this would avoid any user installing your program. You mention, it's a network driver, which is normally not necessary to be used by non-root users, anyhow, you should fix your build.


In System monitor, what is the difference between Kill Process and End Process?

I was curious too, so I just browsed through the source code and found the below in application.cpp. There is more to this code but I think these correlate to the options, at least for System Monitor 3.8.2.1 through 3.19.3:

Stop Process = SIGSTOP (pause signal, let's you continue later with SIGCONT, does not kill process)
End Process = SIGTERM  (termination signal, the right way, the application can intercept this signal and intiate shutdown tasks such as temp file cleanup)
Kill Process = SIGKILL (kill signal, extreme, only use if SIGTERM doesn't work, won't intiate shutdown tasks)

See this question on Quora about SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGKILL and SIGSTOP signals for a good explanation on all of the kill/quit/shutdown signals and their differences.


How to use multiple screens on Ubuntu 14.04

I don't believe combining displays is supported by default.

You can extend the display and then remove the launcher by going into settings -> displays.

After that you will have 2 screens that you can use.  Sometimes you even need to turn off display mirroring if that is enabled.


You could try to use USB tethering.

Connect your phone to PC with Ubuntu.
Go to Settings -> More -> USB tethering (If you have Android device)

or on iPhone, go to Settings -> Personal Hotspot as seen below


Use the -threads 1 flag to limit ffmpeg use to a single thread only

to use that with the command from the other post:

ffmpeg -i ~/Desktop/in.mp4 -threads 1 -codec copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_time 15 -segment_format_options movflags=+faststart out%03d.mp4


Make Ubuntu host ignore NIC, and let VM guest fully control it

Edit your /etc/network/interfaces file (hit Ctrl+Alt+T and run sudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces) to add the following lines:

auto <nic-name>
iface <nic-name> inet manual

it will make the interface go up with no IP address and NetworkManager will not manage it.

Then in the VM network configuration select Bridged Adapter and point it to the NIC you want to use:


Just installed Ubuntu 14.04 server edition, can't connect to internet

It should not be necessary to invoke wpa_supplicant directly OR to edit /etc/resolv.conf manually. For example, for a minimal DHCP setup you can use a /etc/network/interfaces file stanza like

auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
    wpa-ssid MyNetwork
    wpa-psk "Long p@ssphrase, with spaces\!"
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8  8.8.4.4

Notice that this stanza includes the DNS server specification: if you have messed with /etc/resolv.conf you may need to reconfigure the resolvconf package to get things back to normal

sudo dpkg-reconfigure resolvconf

It will present you with a question about preparing /etc/resolv.conf for dynamic updates - answer "Yes". It may also present you with another question about temporarily appending your existing config to the dynamic one - if so you should probably answer "No" to that one. This will re-create the default symbolic link in place of your manually-edited file.


Gnome is a desktop environment typically consists of icons, windows, toolbars, wallpapers , desktop widgets ...

It's important to have at least one desktop environment installed but Gnome is not the only choice.

You can remove gnome and install one of those. for details about desktop environments and how to install them look here.


Cannot install lubuntu (or any other distro) with usb on acer ES1-111-C3R9

I SOLVED.
I don't know how, really I don't. I was just messing around with tons of distros on this pc, no one worked, I was able only to install a distro called lxle.

The last thing i tried was lubunt19.
I entered on the grub prompt:

grub> set root=(hd1,gpt2)
grub> linux /vmlinuz(the verions I chose) root=/dev/sda1
grub> initrd /initrd.img(the verison I chose)
grub> boot

after boot it stucked as some busybox: (initramfs).

Then I shout down down, reformatted my usb (again) with lubuntu 18 (gpt, uefi), inserted and BOOM magic, pen detected immediately and start installation...
Probably black magic.

Same pc, same usb same iso same configuration, 20 times doesn't  work and at the ends works, I really would love tho know why. If someone is interested tell me what to send to you to discover this black magic.

Edit:

I remember something new I did, this time instead formatting with rufus I formatted with windows, right click on the pen and fomratted, and the wrote the iso with rufus, this is the only different thing, could this be?


Temporary freeze at login screen after suspend

According to your dmesg output there's a bug in the WiFi driver.

Let's take a closer look: the most recent wakeup event is at

[22500.127146] ACPI: Waking up from system sleep state S3

and the wakeup finishes ~5 s later:

[22505.833530] PM: Finishing wakeup.

The system then takes another ~5s to re-initiate the PS/2 interface (for keyboard and touch pad):

[22507.823851] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready
[22515.585161] i8042: Can't write CTR while closing AUX port

When it tries to re-initiate the WiFi, there are 3 subsequent traces of identical errors in the WiFi subsystem over the course of ~10s:

[22918.219140] ERROR @wl_cfg80211_get_station : Wrong Mac address
[22918.219460] ERROR @wl_cfg80211_get_station : Wrong Mac address
[22920.320875] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain
[22920.323141] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated:
[22920.323145] cfg80211:   (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp)
[22920.323148] cfg80211:   (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm)
[22920.323149] cfg80211:   (2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm)
[22920.323151] cfg80211:   (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm)
[22920.323152] cfg80211:   (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm)
[22920.323154] cfg80211:   (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm)
[22923.987050] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[22923.987110] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 484 at /build/buildd/linux-3.13.0/net/wireless/sme.c:797 cfg80211_roamed+0x89/0x90 [cfg80211]()
[22923.987113] Modules linked in: michael_mic arc4 dm_crypt rfcomm bnep bluetooth microread_mei microread mei_phy crc_ccitt hci nfc binfmt_misc snd_hda_codec_hdmi snd_hda_codec_realtek snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec snd_hwdep snd_pcm snd_page_alloc intel_rapl x86_pkg_temp_thermal intel_powerclamp coretemp snd_seq_midi snd_seq_midi_event kvm uvcvideo lib80211_crypt_tkip videobuf2_vmalloc videobuf2_memops crct10dif_pclmul videobuf2_core videodev snd_rawmidi crc32_pclmul ghash_clmulni_intel aesni_intel aes_x86_64 lrw snd_seq gf128mul glue_helper ablk_helper snd_seq_device cryptd snd_timer joydev serio_raw wl(POF) lib80211 cfg80211 snd rtsx_pci_ms lpc_ich memstick soundcore mei_me mei parport_pc ppdev nls_iso8859_1 sony_laptop lp parport mac_hid rtsx_pci_sdmmc psmouse i915 ahci r8169 libahci rtsx_pci mii i2c_algo_bit video drm_kms_helper drm
[22923.987211] CPU: 0 PID: 484 Comm: wl_event_handle Tainted: PF       W  O 3.13.0-35-generic #62-Ubuntu
[22923.987216] Hardware name: Sony Corporation SVF15A1C5E/VAIO, BIOS R0220DA 11/18/2013
[22923.987220]  0000000000000009 ffff88023fa0bd88 ffffffff8171e320 0000000000000000
[22923.987228]  ffff88023fa0bdc0 ffffffff8106775d ffff8800a6e1a000 ffff8800a37bdf80
[22923.987235]  000000000000006a ffff88003398c700 0000000000000001 ffff88023fa0bdd0
[22923.987241] Call Trace:
[22923.987254]  [<ffffffff8171e320>] dump_stack+0x45/0x56
[22923.987263]  [<ffffffff8106775d>] warn_slowpath_common+0x7d/0xa0
[22923.987270]  [<ffffffff8106783a>] warn_slowpath_null+0x1a/0x20
[22923.987298]  [<ffffffffa024a509>] cfg80211_roamed+0x89/0x90 [cfg80211]
[22923.987374]  [<ffffffffa0416528>] wl_bss_connect_done.isra.21+0x98/0x1a0 [wl]
[22923.987441]  [<ffffffffa041682c>] wl_notify_connect_status+0x1fc/0x410 [wl]
[22923.987504]  [<ffffffffa0415135>] wl_event_handler+0x55/0x220 [wl]
[22923.987566]  [<ffffffffa04150e0>] ? wl_get_assoc_ies+0x240/0x240 [wl]
[22923.987574]  [<ffffffff8108b4a2>] kthread+0xd2/0xf0
[22923.987581]  [<ffffffff8108b3d0>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x1c0/0x1c0
[22923.987588]  [<ffffffff8172ecbc>] ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0
[22923.987594]  [<ffffffff8108b3d0>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x1c0/0x1c0
[22923.987599] ---[ end trace a8bec1fd8bc015b5 ]---

The system typically freezes while it recovers from kernel errors (if possible), so this would explain the freeze-up you see. I recommend that you file a bug report against the Broadcom driver package, include the dmesg output, and maybe link to this answer. They know better how to help you and bugs are off topic on AU. [Edit] There's a similar bug already: Broadcom Sta/wl Drivers causes (more) kernel panic.

If you want to poke around more, you can try to (temporarily) disable the WiFi subsystem to see, if the problem persists. The bug may be fixed in newer kernels and/or driver versions. You can try out the most recent (until yesterday) kernel series 3.16 with the package linux-generic-lts-utopic from the Canonical Kernel Team PPA. The repositories for the upcoming Ubuntu Utopic contain a newer version of the Broadcom WiFi driver.

[Edit] A commenter to a similar bug on the RPM Fusion bug tracker suggests to manually set your radio frequency spectrum regulation area in the module parameters (replace EU with one of US or JP depending on your region):

sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/cfg80211.conf > /dev/null <<< 'options cfg80211 ieee80211_regdom="EU"'
sudo update-initramfs -u
sudo reboot


You can check what files will be upgrading with --simulate or -s.

sudo apt-get -s upgrade

Once you know what packages will be upgraded and the actions will be performed you can do sudo apt-get upgrade package to upgrade just that package.


Boot  Live CD / Live USB, select try Ubuntu
Once it's loaded, open terminal CtrlAltT
Do the following

sudo mount  /dev/sda8   /mnt

sudo mount --bind /dev   /mnt/dev

sudo mount --bind /proc   /mnt/proc

sudo mount --bind /sys  /mnt/sys

sudo chroot /mnt

NOTE: the /dev/sda8 is your Ubuntu partition, from what I see in your pastebin file. Double check that with lsblk command, and see if you recognize that partition, and it has the right size

Do  update-grub and then sudo grub-install /dev/sda
Reboot

Try this, see what happens. Basically what we're doing here is installing grub on the boot sector of the hard drive, not just one partition /dev/sda8.


Why does ubuntu consume 25% of the CPUs while beeing idle?

htop is lying. It displays average.
CPU is not a pipe and can not be filled to some extent. It is either working on some frequency or not at all. You can only talk about load value if it is consistent. If it is not, the simple math does not work. An average of four measures: 0 0 100 0 - is 25, but it does not mean that something is using 25% of CPU power. It means something has started, did its job and quit.


I can't uninstall Ironhide, or install any other packages

I've fixed this by doing the following:

Edited the file /var/lib/dpkg/info/ironhide.postrm

Commented out the lines:

if [ `cat /etc/group |grep ironhide |wc -l` > 0 ]; then
        groupdel ironhide
fi

I was then able to successfully run:

$ sudo apt-get remove ironhide


Intel Wifi Link 5100 - unstable connection

I own and use successfully two Intel wireless devices. I have honed a few techniques in several years and thousands of forum posts.

First, check the settings in the router. WPA2-AES is preferred; not any WPA and WPA2 mixed mode and certainly not TKIP. Second, if your router is capable of N speeds, you may have better connectivity with a channel width of 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band instead of automatic 20/40 MHz, although it is likely to affect N speeds. I also have better luck with a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.

Next, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Check yours:

sudo iw reg get

If you get 00, that is a one-size-maybe-fits-all setting. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Then set it temporarily:

sudo iw reg set IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Set it permanently:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/crda

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit.

Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

Next, I'd set IPv6 to Ignore in Network Manager: http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/18/html/Installation_Guide/images/netconfig/network-connections-ipv6-ignore.png  This example is for ethernet, but you want wireless.

If these changes do not help, please try:

sudo modprobe -r iwlwifi
sudo modprobe iwlwifi 11n_disable=8

If it helps, make it permanent:

sudo -i
echo "options iwlwifi 11n_disable=8"  >>  /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
exit


How do I download and not pay another 16 bucks?

By default there is this window with 2 $ on every part u can donate on.
i thought the costs are 16 dollar as well but look at my screenshot, you just missed the text on the left :)


How can I use Firefox with Ubuntu firewall (gufw)?

The most secure way to set your firewall UFW is probably to:

deny any entry
deny any exit

and then configure every rules to allow exactly only what you want.

So if you only what to allow Firefox (or any other web application) to use HTTP and HTTPS protocols, then add this rule in GUFW and reboot.

With:

port 80 for HTTP protocol
port 443 for HTTPS protocol

With such settings, you will have to add a rule for every needs, examples:

to allow Thunderbird to use your email account, add a new rule
to allow Skipe, add a new rule
....


Will existing Ubuntu installation still work on this new hardware?

Linux works with general drivers.

I have taken out my hard disc from broken systems almost 10 times now and inserted the old hard disc into a brand new system and it just works (tm).

All you have to take into account that if your switch videocard brand (from NVidia to AMD or from AMD to Nvidia) is to remove the restricted driver if you have that installed (ie. in general you need to remove all 3rd party drivers you installed for hardware that does not come with the new system).

Try it. I believe you will be amazed at how easy it is to do this. You will not even have to re-install the OS; just pop the hard into the new system.

I would advice to not buy a motherboard that uses UEFI (if possible). It might work as I posted above here by turning UEFI off but there is no guarantee. Due to the nature of this piece of ... it might fail since the hardware changed and a re-install might be obligatory.


How to disable Linux Image and Header Updates?

Just do:

sudo apt remove linux-image-generic linux-headers-generic

linux-image-generic and linux-headers-generic are dummy (empty) packages, which depends on the most recently released kernel package.

After that, you will not get a kernel update.


How do you change the amount of time before the screen dims?

click on the battery icon on the top-panel and then select power settings,after that select screen brightness option.

Untick the Dim screen to save power option.
Select the dropdown-list and change to 1 hour in  "Turn screen off when inactive for" option.


My experience is that you cannot.  I have tried to put the juju GUI on the MaaS juju system with no success, and was told that the juju server could not deploy to itself.
What you could do is set up a VM on that server and add it to MaaS, them deploy to it.
[Edit]
On second thought, I think I made your question.  I believe that did bootstrap to the local machine.  This was 2 years ago, so until 14.04, and I'm not sure what version of juju.  I'm building a VM with 16.04 and will let you know my results.


issue with spaces in directory name for profile variable

For assigning the variable, these will work:

VARIABLE="/path/to/directory/with space"  # Preferred way
VARIABLE='/path/to/directory/with space'
VARIABLE=/path/to/directory/"with space"
VARIABLE=/path/to/directory/'with space'
VARIABLE=/path/to/directory/with" "space
VARIABLE=/path/to/directory/with' 'space
VARIABLE=/path/to/directory/with\ space

For exporting it, you need to use its name (VARIABLE), not its contents ($VARIABLE).

export VARIABLE

Or do the assignment and export in one line:

export VARIABLE="/path/to/directory/with space"

For using it, you should always quote it, to avoid word-splitting (and globbing in other cases).

ls "$VARIABLE"

As well, I've written the name in uppercase here since that's the convention for environment variables (and shell variables like RANDOM). And I've left off the trailing slash since it's not needed, and could be confusing in some cases, but this is more personal preference.


How do speed up ubuntu 12.0.4 on virtualbox 5.1.2 by getting a lighter DE?

I have installed xfce4 alongside Unity and do not have any problems. All software works in both desktop environments (running steam games for example).

sudo apt-get install xfce4

Switching between unity and xfce4 is done on login screen.

Only problem I had there was no unity notifications after xfce4 install so I had to uninstall xfce4-notifyd package

sudo apt-get remove xfce4-notifyd


How to NOT ignore touchpad input when keyboard keys are pressed on Ubuntu Gnome 16.10?

The answer by pauljohn32 pointed me to the right direction and after reading through some man pages, I was able to disable the annoying feature. Here's how to do it:

Seems that Ubuntu Gnome 16.10 uses libinput by default, so go to /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d.
Find a file called 60-libinput.conf and edit it with your favorite text editor. I used

sudo vim

however, you can also use

sudo gedit

or something similar if you prefer a GUI editor.
Find these lines:

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "libinput touchpad catchall"
        MatchIsTouchpad "on"
        MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
        Driver "libinput"
EndSection

and append Option "DisableWhileTyping" "false" so that the section would look like this:

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "libinput touchpad catchall"
        MatchIsTouchpad "on"
        MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
        Driver "libinput"
        Option "DisableWhileTyping" "false"
EndSection

Restart the X.Org server by restarting gdm or your machine.
Enjoy not having your trackpad lock up every time you press a key.


Try this:

sudo apt-get install unity-lens-applications unity-lens-files unity-lens-music unity-lens-video

If not, use:

zeitgeist-daemon --replace


How do I make an application autorun at login for all users?

I found it... I had to write a script

#!/bin/bash
sleep 5 && conky &

the sleep 5 is to delay conky from starting always on top of all windows.

I named it conky_start.sh and placed it in /etc/profile.d


ubuntu 10.04 Wireless is not working in Toshiba satellite pro C850-15Q

Try

sudo service network-manager restart

Or try this one

rfkill unblock all


Looks like a corrupted config file. Try to create a new panel and drag the widgets from one panel to another. If that doesn't help, create  a new panel and add new widgets. If that doesn't help, then you might need to delete plasma config files (make a backup).

rm -f ~/.kde/share/config/plasmarc
rm -f ~/.kde/share/config/plasma-appletsrc


Windows Share: gvfs mounts it correctly, mount.cifs not

I answer myself.
At the end there was some problem/bug with the kernel. I've updated to kernel 4 and everything worked again!

$ sudo mount -t cifs -o credential=/root/.smbcred,vers=1.0,rw,uid=1009,hard,nosetuids,noperm,sec=ntlm //[MyDomain]/centren /media/S
[sudo] password for myuser:
$ ls -la /media/S/AG/[MyAG]
insgesamt 196
drwxr-xr-x 2 myuser myuser   4096 Jan  8  2016 .
drwxr-xr-x 2 myuser myuser 196608 Feb  9 15:30 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 myuser myuser      0 Feb 12 10:03 MyDir
$ uname -r
4.4.0-98-generic
$ mount.cifs -V
mount.cifs version: 6.0
$ cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=14.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=trusty
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS"


GIMPShop is not a thing. The actual GIMPShop project (a fork of GIMP aiming to be similar to Photoshop) was abandoned ~2006. There are some old & untrustworthy tarballs/.deb packages floating around but I checked one out recently and it was completely broken.
That site you link to is basically a scam. They offer an installer that downloads the normal GIMP from the official sources but is also some kind of adware. As their site even admits:

Gimpshop.com is distributing the original unmodified software,
obtained directly from GIMP's repository website, and does not modify
it in any way. These installers comply with the original software
manufacturer's policies and terms & conditions. DownloadAdmin™ is an
install manager, which manages the installation of your chosen
software. In addition to managing your download and installation,
DownloadAdmin™ will offer free popular software that you may be
interested in. You are not required to install any additional software
to complete your installation of your selected software.

I asked a question about this on Open Source SE, and I believe the site is violating the GPL license of GIMP.
@edwinksl also pointed me to this relevant post and some bad reviews of the site here
Do not attempt to download anything from the GIMPSHOP site
Install gimp safely from repositories:
sudo apt install gimp


sudo rm $(find /var/log -name '*.gz') -rf

clears the compressed old log files or you may try bleachbit application. But you must find what causes this.


How do I switch back to GDM and have it launch at boot?

You probably need to reconfigure GDM.

To do that, switch to a tty. Ctrl+Alt+1

Login as your user, then run the following:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm

Select GDM instead of lightdm, then you can do a reboot (sudo reboot in the ttyy) and you're good to go.


You could use alias command to override a command.

alias gcc="/home/username/pathtogcc/bin/gcc"

This is often used for built-ins like ls, e. g. when using it like

alias ls="ls -l"


if you haven't write anything to that partition, try partition recovery in AOMEI Partition Assistant. I formatted my d drive once and get it back with this software.


Package gnome tweak tool is not available. package 'gnome-tweak-tool' has no installation candidate

In Ubuntu 18.04 and later GNOME Tweaks (gnome-tweaks) replaces the GNOME Tweak Tool (gnome-tweak-tool). GNOME Tweaks is a tool to adjust advanced configuration settings for GNOME. This is the same description as the description of the old GNOME Tweak Tool that it replaces. To install it open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install gnome-tweaks


ip route add -- Error: either "to" is duplicate, or "10.0.0.1" is a garbage

So, if your configuration was set up properly, you wouldn't have to go back and configure the routing by hand - because that's supposed to be defined in the configuration.

Therefore, going to the core of your issue, and thanks to you including your netplan configuration, I can safely say that you have an incomplete Netplan configuration for your goals, and that's the problem you're having.

You need to tell the system a routing plan, either a default by specifying the default gateway or with custom routing plans/tables.

When network configuration is done automagically via DHCP/DHCP4, the system is told the default gateway and route to use.

When you do static, manual configuration of the network, however, you have to actually specify the routes yourself - the default route or a specialized routing rule.  In this case, you need to specify the route by specifying your gateway since you're using a default route that points directly through that gateway for all data.

Try using this netplan config, which adds a gateway4 statement (which is used to specify the default route):

network:
     version: 2
     renderer: networkd
     ethernets:
       ethusb:
         dhcp4: no
         dhcp6: no
         addresses:
           - 10.0.0.120/24
           - 2604:n:n:n::120/64
         gateway4: 10.0.0.1
         nameservers:
           search: [asus]
           addresses: [10.0.0.120,1.1.1.1,1.0.0.1,"2606:4700:4700::1111","2606:4700:4700::1001"]


I've used a workaround suggested in the bugreport on launchpad @shz linked in the comment:

add the Ubuntu Bionic Sources
install the openjfx packages forcing the 8.x version from Bionic
lock these Versions
remove Bionic soures again


The nodes are set up with your user's ssh key do a juju ssh 0 to ssh to the bootstrap node.


How to get the launcher to stay and hide? 12.04

even though i am a newer, but i have some ideas that they can solove your problem,

click the right key of the Mouse(or touch board) , then click the option "change the Background of the desktop", choose the option card " Behavior" , there is the settings of the "hide or display the LAUNCHER",,

IF you have try this, and it doesn't work eiher, it may the system's fault, so, if you reinstall the Ubuntu 12.04 iso from a USB disk

(mine is also the 12.04, now i am try to update to the lastest Ubuntu 12.10)


.htaccess file not running and internal server error

I had the same issue. After searching a lot I have found that @Doug Smythies's way perfectly work for me. Up vote.

So I go to the terminal and run the following code:

sudo a2enmod rewrite
sudo service apache2 restart

And that's it. Hope this will help others.


When you want to login from outside over the Internet, you need to be sure that you forward the port 22 in your router to the ssh server.

And when you use the AllowUsers parameter is better to login with:

ssh username@ip.address.from.isp


How do I write an awk script that catch ping's time in seconds?

Open a terminal and run this command:
ping -c 4 google.com | awk -F "[=]|[ ]" '/bytes from/{print NR "\t" $11/1000 }' > out.txt

Where:

-c 4 (eg. 4)
Limits the number of requests, so that "awk" can write into a file.

$11/1000
Converts milliseconds to seconds


How do I configure a Bluetile session in GDM?

Have a look into the documentation under http://www.bluetile.org:

  One way to set up Bluetile as your default window manager under GNOME
  is to make sure that the environment variable WINDOW_MANAGER contains
  the path to the Bluetile binary before GNOME starts. This can be
  achieved by putting something like the following line into ~/.gnomerc:

  export WINDOW_MANAGER=/home/user/.cabal/bin/bluetile

So, basically change metacity with bluetile and you're done.


How do I remove twitter and/or other things I "install" in FireFox

Start up firefox.  Either press Ctrl+Shift+a or manually navigate through the toolbars (Tools>Add-ons).  This gets you to the Add-ons menu.  Now disable or remove the add-ons you don't want!


Pulseaudio stops youtube playback when bluetooth A2DP headset connected

Here is an article about bluez I found.

It said that the option Enable=Socket in /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf enables the audio socket API of bluez. The ALSA PCM plugin talks to bluez using this socket interface and it is already deprecated for sometime.

Also it mentioned that bluez cannot handle the d-bus API correctly when the socket interface is enabled.

So this might explain why pulseaudio would not work properly with bluetooth when Disable=socket is removed from /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf.


Xubuntu VMware Player missing vmrun utility

According to the documentation:

The vmrun utility installs with Workstation and VMware Fusion.
For use with remote product platforms, you can obtain vmrun by installing the VIX standalone libraries, available free of charge on the VMware download site.

That's not very specific, but you can download the packages here (and select the version you need). Then install the VIX API according to these instructions (download step included for informational purposes, since you can download from previous link)

Download the tar-gzip package. For example:
wget http://www.vmware.com/downloads/server/VMware-vix-110068.i386.tar.gz

As superuser, extract the package:
sudo tar zxpf VMware-vix-110068.i386.tar.gz

Change directory and, as superuser, run the VMware installer:
cd vmware-vix-distrib
sudo ./vmware-install.pl

Read the EULA and type "yes" if you agree to its terms. You can accept most defaults by typing Enter when prompted.
To uninstall the VIX API, run the vmware-uninstall-vix.pl script. The
uninstaller is at /usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-vix.pl by default.


Trying to Launch Runescape Client - Nothing Happens

You should download the latest JDK. Do do so:

1) sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java

2) sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer

This ppa has JDK 6/7/8/9 but 8 is the most stable as of now.

Important!!! For now, you should continue to use Java 8 because Oracle Java 9 is available as an early access release (it should be released in 2016)!


You have Python 2.7 already installed (as it should be by default). Just run the following commands in terminal:

sudo apt-get install python-visual
sudo apt-get install libgtkglextmm-x11-1.2-dev

Then try to run any .py script that need python visual. It should run without any issues. You don't need to use the .msi installer.


Lexmark does provide Linux drivers including for Debian/Ubuntu. They have a manual here: http://www.lexmark.com/publications/pdfs/print_drivers/en/ug.pdf. It's all quite straightforward.

P.S. Wine is for running applications (=in the user space), you can't use it to make Windows drivers run under Linux: http://wiki.winehq.org/FAQ

EDIT. I quoted from my experience of setting up a laser Lexmark on OpenSUSE, however it seems their inkjet printers are much less Linux-friendly. So I could be wrong.


What you call Gnome welcome icon is actually called plymouth. You can change its settings via update-alternatives command. Here is my example:

$ sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth
[sudo] password for xieerqi:
There are 3 choices for the alternative default.plymouth (providing /usr/share/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth).

  Selection    Path                                                                   Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
* 0            /usr/share/plymouth/themes/ubuntukylin-logo/ubuntukylin-logo.plymouth   150       auto mode
  1            /usr/share/plymouth/themes/ubuntu-logo/ubuntu-logo-scale-2.plymouth     99        manual mode
  2            /usr/share/plymouth/themes/ubuntu-logo/ubuntu-logo.plymouth             100       manual mode
  3            /usr/share/plymouth/themes/ubuntukylin-logo/ubuntukylin-logo.plymouth   150       manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number:

If I wanted to change to some other setting, i would press for example 3 and enter.

As for desktop, run this command:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons true


Nightly server shutdown and auto reboot with cron

You can use a cron line like
15 22 * * * root /usr/sbin/rtcwake -m off -s 22440

(22:15 -> 6 = 7h45 = 22440 seconds (if wrong do edit ;)) .

shutdown at 22:15
22440 seconds later reboot.

Synopsis
rtcwake [-hvVlua] [-d device] [-m standby_mode] {-t time_t|-s seconds}
Description
This program is used to enter a system sleep state until specified wakeup time.
This uses cross-platform Linux interfaces to enter a system sleep state, and leave it no later than a specified time. It uses any RTC framework driver that supports standard driver model wakeup flags.
This is normally used like the old apmsleep utility, to wake from a suspend state like ACPI S1 (standby) or S3 (suspend-to-RAM). Most platforms can implement those without analogues of BIOS, APM, or ACPI.
On some systems, this can also be used like nvram-wakeup, waking from states like ACPI S4 (suspend to disk). Not all systems have persistent media that are appropriate for such suspend modes.


Share home directory between Linux and Windows dual boot

Better not to mix home directories.

Home directory in Windows holds activation data -
if something goes wrong you have to reactivate Windows !

Software products are creating "hidden" subdirectories
in home folder - in Linux and in Windows !

Separate folder for common data is another thing.

I am using ext2fsd but really don't know at what point
ext2fsd is available - its implementation is - native driver activated over a service if you use permanent drive mappings.


Check to see if your /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf file contains the global configuration option:

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

If not, add that global configuration to NetworkManager.conf and remove (or move, rename) the file /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/wifi.scan-rand-mac-address.conf

Then try starting NetworkManager.

Check your Wifi Settings Settings>WiFi>Visible Networks (SSID)>Settings.  Make sure the boxes for "Connect Automatically" and "Make Available for other users" are checked.


Brightness controls stopped working after update on a Samsung QX412-S01AU

(The situation seems to change with each few new kernel versions, which is very unfortunate.)

After some more experimentation and then fortunately running into this post http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=12126780&postcount=6 I have it working on my setup.

You need this in your /etc/default/grub:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="nosplash acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor"

After making the changes, do:

sudo update-grub

If you are running the latest Ubuntu 12.04.3 with kernel 3.8.0 (tested on 2013-10-29), or if the above alone does not work after a reboot, you also want to blacklist the samsung_laptop kernel module. Do this by creating a new file in /etc/modprobe.d/ called blacklist-np300.conf with the following contents:

blacklist samsung_laptop

... and then reboot.

I have full backlight control and range restored! If you're wondering what exactly the acpi_osi parameter does, see this askubuntu entry: What does the kernel boot parameter "set acpi_osi=Linux" do?


What the best solution for Dropbox in Indicator Applet?

The latest Dropbox experimental version adds AppIndicator support as well as finally allows Linux users to change the notification area icon.
source: http://www.webupd8.org/2010/05/latest-experimental-dropbox-adds.html

If you don't want to try the experimental version there is a script to install 9 Different Dropbox Indicator Icon Sets In Ubuntu

source: http://www.webupd8.org/2010/07/script-to-install-9-different-dropbox.html


Reset a user's password each time after restart in ubuntu 18.04

As Mr Shunz' answer already shows, chpasswd can be used to set a user's
password without being prompted for confirmation. Usually, chpasswd
deals with cleartext passwords but the -e switch tells it to expect
already encrypted passwords instead.

Suppose, we want to set the password of user rembo to secret.

If it is not already installed, install mkpasswd with

sudo apt install whois

Create an encrypted SHA-512 of the password secret and put it
 together with the username in a file:

echo "rembo:$(mkpasswd -m SHA-512 secret)" > rembo.password

The file rembo.password will look similar to

rembo:$6$S14xGVpG$J0jUOMMF9cd7/ld69bZbDHbw7BJ8nidLdVz.pdSywUX/H.Vlj8/c9KSo.1T3J1Rub8JktYjzwTqSF7bBldikG0

Run chpasswd as before but this time with the -e switch:

sudo chpasswd -e < rembo.password

This way you do not need to store the cleartext password in a file, but only the encrypted one.


Use the 100% zoom setting in both Google Docs and the active tab in Firefox while typing the document. If you need to change to a different zoom setting than 100%, you should do it after you've finished typing the document.


Did you read man dnsmasq? In part:

   --proxy-dnssec
          A  resolver  on a client machine can do DNSSEC validation in two
          ways: it can perform the cryptograhic operations on the reply it
          receives, or it can rely on the upstream recursive nameserver to
          do the validation and set a bit in the  reply  if  it  succeeds.
          Dnsmasq  is  not  a  DNSSEC  validator, so it cannot perform the
          validation role of the recursive nameserver,  but  it  can  pass
          through   the   validation   results   from   its  own  upstream
          nameservers. This option enables this behaviour. You should only
          do this if you trust all the configured upstream nameservers and
          the network between you and them.  If you use the  first  DNSSEC
          mode,  validating  resolvers  in  clients,  this  option  is not
          required. Dnsmasq always returns  all  the  data  needed  for  a
          client to do validation itself.

So it looks like your upstream resolvers aren't passing the validation result.

On my system (YMMV):

w3@aardvark:~(0)$ dig @127.0.1.1 dnssec-failed.org

; <<>> DiG 9.9.5-3ubuntu0.8-Ubuntu <<>> @127.0.1.1 dnssec-failed.org
; (1 server found)
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 55446
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;dnssec-failed.org.     IN  A

;; Query time: 871 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.1.1#53(127.0.1.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Apr 28 18:17:59 EDT 2016
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 46

w3@aardvark:~(0)$ dpkg -l dnsmasq\*
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name                                 Version                 Architecture            Description
+++-====================================-=======================-=======================-=============================================================================
un  dnsmasq                              <none>                  <none>                  (no description available)
ii  dnsmasq-base                         2.68-1ubuntu0.1         amd64                   Small caching DNS proxy and DHCP/TFTP server
w3@aardvark:~(0)$


You should definitely go for Lubuntu 12.04 Latest version as its practical System Specs clearly explained in this answer

If you just want to try Ubuntu 7.10 through Usb Drive from windows then try Unetbootin known to work with Ubuntu 7.10 here .


I found what was wrong. The network at my place required MAC address registration, and I forgot to do that for my BeagleBone Black. After registering my BBB's MAC address in the online registration form, I can make it see the Internet.

Here I just document the process in the hope that another networking-noob like me could benefit. Please correct me if I am doing something totally wrong or inefficient.

There are two LAN sockets in my room, one connected to my desktop and one for my BBB. I checked my own internal IP address using:

ifconfig | grep "inet addr:"

And that was something like '21.263.89.63'.
Then, I searched for my BBB in the network, assuming that it also has an IP like '21.263.89.xx':

sudo nmap -PR -sP 21.263.89.63/24

This will give me a long list of all devices of mine and my colleagues. I looked for this:

Nmap scan report for 21.263.89.54
Host is up (-0.099s latency).
MAC Address: aa:bb:CC:dD:Ee:ff (Texas Instruments)

From this I know the IP address of my BBB. Now I can ssh into it:

ssh ubuntu@21.263.89.54


Ubuntu Core is snap-only.

Deb packages (which use apt) are not supported on Core, so the failure of an apt command seems like expected behavior.
As of June 2020, neither Jitsi nor the Jitsi community have created a Snap for Jitsi Server yet. Sorry.

It's possible on Ubuntu Core to create an LXD container that CAN run deb packages. However, it consumes resources and pi machines are not known for their copious resources....

Install the LXD snap.
Configure LXD
Install an Ubuntu-minimal or -server cloud-image into the container.

15GB recommended for a container storage group

Login to the container and install the deb using normal apt tools.

Alternately, you can replace Ubuntu Core with Ubuntu Server as the base OS on your pi. Pi install instructions

One nice thing about a pi, with it's replaceable SD cards, it that it's fairly easy to try both. If you do try both, be sure to let us know which worked best and why!


Why does testing a file after sourcing fail in Upstart?

I’ve never used upstart, so this may not be the whole story.

Try adding true to the end of your pre-start script, just like the other script in your file.

When /etc/default/grub exists, your [ command (which is the same as test) returns a non-zero exit status, which is a “falsy” value. This makes the whole command with the && and the rest of the line false, so as intended, the right hand side doesn’t run, but this is the last command in the pre-start script, and upstart may see a non-zero exit status in the last command as a failure.


Have Ubuntu 16.04LTS installed, wanted to install Windows 8.1, created a bootable usb but when I boot from USB, shows no operating system found

Option 1,

Make sure about your 'created bootable USB'. Is it bootabe in true sense?

Try this software for creating bootable USB from image file.

Option 2,

Check for boot sequence of your system in the BIOS.

This will help.


save the whole content of this link in ~/key . Then in terminal, type
sudo apt-key add ~/key
and you should get an OK message.

Further reading: How to remove keys


How to install a package greater than or equal to a particular version

apt does not support specifying version ranges to install a package. You can only either specify the exact version you want it to take, or you omit the version to let it decide automatically.

To find out what versions of a package are available for you, the output of

apt policy PACKAGENAME

will be helpful, e.g. for ruby on 16.04:

ruby:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 1:2.3.0+1
  Version table:
     1:2.3.0+1 500
        500 http://ftp.uni-stuttgart.de/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://ftp.uni-stuttgart.de/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages

The version above corresponds to Ruby 2.3 btw.

So in this example, you could install either ruby to let the system automatically pick the only available version, or you could specify it explicitly as ruby=1:2.3.0+1.

The command to install the desired package will be one of

sudo apt install PACKAGENAME
sudo apt install PACKAGENAME=VERSION


How to install Firefox3.6.15 in ubuntu 14.04 LTS 64 bit OS

Download the deb file from here

https://sourceforge.net/projects/ubuntuzilla/files/mozilla/apt/pool/main/f/firefox-mozilla-build/firefox-mozilla-build_3.6.15-0ubuntu1_i386.deb/download

Install the deb file with

sudo dpkg -i ./firefox-mozilla-build_3.6.15-0ubuntu1_i386.deb

and tell IT mission critical software should at least follow the firefox ESR releases (running a browser that old on anything facing the internet should be considered a crime)


Wild shot: Do you have the new Ubuntu font beta installed?.

There are a couple of reports on the net that this font crashes Chrome: upstream bug, ubuntu bug.


Assuming you have connected to the remote system before, there will be a config file for this connection in ~/.remmina/.  The config file will be of the form [numeric string].remmina.  If you have several files, I know of no easy way to find the one you want from looking at the file names.  However, you can open the files with a text editor until you find the one you want.

Once you know which config file to use [desired-config-file].remmina, the terminal command line to start remmina in that config file is remmina -c [desired-config-file].remmina.

You can simply add this command line to Startup Applications in Ubuntu.

As a commenter said, you don't want this command line to execute until your desktop has started.  You may have to add a wait command to achieve that; unfortunately I don't remember how to do that.


Is there any application for Ubuntu to create ebooks?

Yes you can check  an application named sigil

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rgibert/ebook

Step 2 : Next, run the following command in the terminal to update your Ubuntu system.

$ sudo apt-get update

Step 3 : Finally, run the following command in the terminal to install Sigil 0.6.0 on your Ubuntu system.

$ sudo apt-get install sigil


How to remove shortcut key for Unity , which is "Meta" key on keyboard

Keyboard shortcuts can be edited using the compizconfig-settings-manager. You can install it as part of the Ubuntu distribution by typing: sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager. The Settings for Keyboard shortcuts are at the Ubuntu-Unity-Plugin-Menu.

How can I configure Unity?


When you install Wubi, the default installation location is C:/ubuntu.  You can change the partition to install wubi, but the location will always be DRIVE:/ubuntu  .

I'm not sure what you mean by the first question, but after you install wubi, it adds a Ubuntu entry (which leads to GRUB) in the Windows Boot Menu without rewriting the MBR.  When you remove wubi, the uninstaller will remove the ubuntu entry.

If you really messed up the MBR, I recommend downloading EasyBCD which allows you to modify the Windows Boot Menu.


If you are making a bootable USB drive, use UNetBootin or Universal USB Installer.

UNetBootin download

Pendrive's Universal USB Installer

Locate your Ubuntu ISO file and make sure that you select the right USB drive because it will format and erase ANYTHING on that USB Drive. Click on "My Computer" and double check to see if it is the right USB drive.

(If doing this on a hard drive, select "Show Hard Drives" or "Show All Drives" and then select the Hard drive.)

If you are making a bootable CD or DVD, use PowerISO. PowerISO is commercial software though, but the trial version will work fine.

PowerISO download

Open your ISO Image File and up on the top of the program, Click "Burn to Disc". Use the default burning speed for your drive, which is already preselected for you.

If neither works for you then the Ubuntu Installer does not yet support Windows 8 or you have a corrupt or damaged Ubuntu ISO File. (I think Ubuntu's Installer doesn't yet support Windows 8.)


As you are booting from a DVD, the DVD itself may either be damaged or corrupted, or the .iso file you downloaded corrupted when downloading. Try re-downloading it and burning it to another disk at a lower speed, and if possible, enable disk verification in your disk burner application's settings. This method should produce a working bootable disk.


Have a look at your system-settings -> Details:

(Note that in older versions of Ubuntu Details is called System Info)


Installing Ubuntu via WUBI does not require another drive since WUBI will install Ubuntu inside Windows.

Read this posted question, as it is similar to yours, I think it might help you decide.

wubi question


Why do we need an IP address for a bridge?

You do not need to have an IP configured for a bridge, the same way you do not need to have an IP configured for an ethernet device, on any machine (be it host/guest or whatever).

However, if you have a device/bridge that has no IP address, you cannot expect it to be usable by the party that has it not properly configured (be it host or guest).

So for example, if I have a KVM host with a bridge called "br_vm" which I assign to all KVM guests as their only interface (the guests will most likely call it "eth0"), and if br_vm is not configured at the host, you cannot expect the guests to be able to talk to the host through their eth0 interface.

You ask why you need an IP for a bridge and the answer is you don't. However, if you want to know in which scenarios you would wish to have an IP for the bridge at the host, I can think of a few:

You want your VMs to communicate to the host, even if for DHCP or DNS only;
You may want to disable VM-to-VM traffic. If you share that bridge with many VMs, that is something worth considering;
You may want to have a firewall at the host-level in addition to any firewalling you may have set-up for your VMs. Concentrating all firewall rules on the host can be wise if the policies, zones, etc for all your VMs are about the same. It is easier if all rules, IP addresses, policies, etc are kept in one place (although I would set-up basic firewall on each VM just in case);

And, by the way, you can have dynamic IP addressing on your guest VMs, that has nothing to do with whether or not the host has an IP on the bridge (unless, of course, the host is the DHCP server for the network).


Is there a way to use *some* packages from upcoming version of Ubuntu?

I don't think too many people are going to get enthusiastic about packaging it until it nears its release. That's still the best part of a month away. All the llvm ppas

In the meanwhile, you might be able to just pull in the llvm-2.8 packages from Maverick. I say "might" because it just doesn't work all the time. Sometimes the dependencies run too deep and you end up pulling in so much of Maverick things become unstable.

Otherwise you're left with compiling it yourself. That should be well within your abilities but generally speaking, this could upset anything that depends on llvm. I think as it is, nothing in Lucid depends on llvm (it's not installed here) so you might be fine.

If you are going to compile, the Getting Started with the LLVM System is going to be your main reference for the next few hours.

Another option is developing against Lucid's 2.7 and testing on a Maverick install. The most convenient way for a sole-developer would be through a virtual machine (ie VirtualBox). This is extra-handy as you'll be in a good position to file bugs where they need filing so you're not left with a buggy environment when you do upgrade your dev machine to Maverick.


Iced Tea plugin keeps asking for permission to run Java applets

Because of the high number of virus using vulnerabilities of the Java language, Firefox, by default, ask every time if we want to open a Java applet, whatever the system policy.

However, it is possible to change it.

Open the Add-on manager (ctrl+Shift+A) and select the "plugin" tab. Change the combobox next to "IcedTead-Web Plugin" to "Always activate" (Sorry if the name are not accurate, i'm French)


How to migrate Ubuntu/Windows 7 dualboot from HDD to HDD+SSD without reinstall?

I would use GParted to copy the / and winsys partitions.

Grub/linux will boot after the copy as long as you run Boot Repair.
And according to this article, windows should be able to be moved with GParted as long as you have a windows repair disk to repair the installation after moving it.

Although you can safely drop the extended partition on the new drive as long as you only have 4 primary partitions, I wouldn't recommend it. Probably you will want to make the ssd into one extended partition and put all of the other partitions inside that one extended one.

Of course doing operations like this can always fail, even if the cause is something arbitrary like the power going out of the live cd failing, so definitely take a backup of your data before copying it. And I would also recommend that you don't make any changes to the HHD until you have successfully booted into the SSD with both windows and linux.

Probably the steps you would want to take are:

Boot into live CD and run GParted.

Make an extended partition on the SSD covering the whole drive.

Copy linux / partition and winsys partition to SSD, leaving the original still unchanged on the HHD.

If you wanted /home on the SSD, then make a new ext4 partition inside the extended partition, and use rsync to copy all data from the original to the copy.
An example rsync command could be like this:

sudo rsync -rhtvlpEog --progress /media/PATH_TO_HOME_PARTITION_ON_HHD/ /media/PATH_TO_HOME_PARTITION_ON_SSD/

explaination of that command: -r copies recursivly, -h gives human readable output, -t preserves modification times, -v gives more output, -l copies symlinks as symlinks, -p keeps file permissions, -E keeps executablility, -o keeps owner, and -g keeps group.

Mark winsys and / as bootable on the SSD.

Unmount and possibly disconnect your HHD from the computer, then run boot-repair, install grub to the SSD and making the / bootable.

still from the live CD, edit the fstab on the SSD / partition to have the new /home partition UUID.

Test that grub/linux works by booting your computer with only SSD mounted. (Also test that you have all the data in your /home partition)

Then if it does, use a windows repair disk to get the windows partition on the SSD bootable.

After using windows repair disk on the SSD, try booting into both windows and linux, without connecting the HHD.

Note: Be sure to not delete or move anything on the HHD, until you have confirmed that both windows and linux work on the SSD.

If all works on the SSD, then erase the /, /home, and winsys partitions from the HHD, and expand the windata partition to use the whole thing.

I have outlined the steps that I would take. I can't vouch for the windows repair disk working, but according to that article it should. I can vouch for Boot Repair working when moving the / partition though. I know that that works because I have moved my partitions around quite a lot using GParted.

Also if any of these steps fail and the SSD isn't bootable, you still have all of your data and everything still working on the HHD.

Additional experiences from the OP:

It's good to have 3 live CDs/USB sticks - GParted Live, boot-repair, windows system repair, I needed all three of them
I ended up not converting the home partition, so I didn't use the rsync step
Be aware that on partition copying, the UUIDs (unique partition identifiers) stay the same. This is great because you don't have to edit the Ubuntu fstab, and Windows won't want to be activated again, but after the initial copying stage, for testing you should remove/unplug the HDD from the system, otherwise there exist multiple partitions with the same UUID. This would have unexpected results.
Useful tools for making bootable USB sticks (if you don't have a CD drive anymore) from live CD images are tuxboot, unetbootin, TotalMounter. Especially for the Windows system repair disk, this can be tricky - use TotalMounter to create it directly into an .iso, and e.g. this guide.


What does Version mean in the .desktop file?

In the .desktop file, there is a line which starts with "Version=". This field allows you to specify the version of the .desktop file specification by freedesktop.org. It is a common mistake to specify your application version here.

This field is optional and doesn't need to be included in your desktop. But if you do include it, make sure to set it to the currently supported .desktop file specification version. At the time of answering this question, it is 1.0.


How to halt system via script with no user input?

Since you're already root, instead of the complicated

su -c "sudo /home/programer/bin/halt" user-name password -

keep it simple

/sbin/halt


Why is an interface now picking up a dhcp address after updating from 18.04 to 20.04?

It was dhcpd running that was requesting an IP address. I disabled it and problem solved.


\setenv PAGER less in .psqlrc overwrites the environment variable with an undesirable different value (without the -S option).

Either remove it, or change it to \setenv PAGER 'less -S', or create a new environment variable LESS set to -S

Note that even when less is not called with the -S / --chop-long-lines option, hitting the right arrow key will scroll horizontally and temporarily display lines without wrapping them.


How to purge WineHQ PPA? doesn't appears in sources after added

To remove the WineHQ repository on Ubuntu 20.04 open the terminal and type:

sudo add-apt-repository --remove 'deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ focal main'
sudo apt update

You may also remove the PPAs by launching the Software & Updates utility and navigating to Other Software tab where you'll see them listed and at the bottom is a Remove button for removing a software source from the list .


I suggest you try file system checking utilities.. "fsck" the partition/volume the encrypted file in question resides on. You may need to boot off a LiveCD or something to do that check. Once that's done, try decrypting your file again. If that doesn't work, I fear you may be SOL. But maybe others will know tricks.

Good luck friend!


Copying files from home directory to computer directory

You can always run your file manager with root privileges. Please be careful, though. There's nothing stopping you from killing your installation if you do this.

The recommended method is to use gksudo. If you have Unity or GNOME, the command is:

gksudo nautilus

You'll get the file manager with root privileges. If you don't have Nautilus, you can try caja or dolphin.

If you don't want to install gksudo, you can also do:

sudo -H nautilus

This uses root's configuration to open Nautilus, which prevents potential permission errors when saving configs.


ZTE MF180 - BSNL - 3G Datacard USB Modem not working in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

1.first install according to the setup list

2.next insert the modem before switch on the system

3.Switch on the system

4.then open bsnl modem manager and u can see a cd-rom type icon on the sidebar

5.just open cd rom

6.after that close bsnl modem manager

7.unmount cd-rom

8.again u can open bsnl modem manager and then u can see your modem is recognized just u have to click for connect until wait for sometime for network searching.

Happy browsing.


Any program, script or service that starts during boot time only has a limited environment. Therefor you must always use full path names.
In this case you need to enter the full path where txt needs to be created. So as per your example:

  /home/lokesh/Documents/txt

I would not be surprised if the file txt is to be found in /root, assuming your service does start


Unicode Character U07AE not working in LibreOffice/Gedit

just for the record, this is fixed by

sudo apt install ibus-m17n

reboot and you would get option to add "Divehi" phoenatic keyboard under regional and language settings.

works in ubuntu 19.04


Open a terminal and try to launch alsamixer. Check if there is any option which contains the words "enhancement", "BeatsAudio" or "Equalizer". You can use M to enable/disable. I hope this helps.


Opening an archive as a folder in Nautilus

You should install unrar by the following command:

sudo apt install unrar


A very good way of troubleshooting why pings don't work can be done using traceroute:

traceroute -n <IPaddress>

If it is not installed, you can install it using sudo apt-get install traceroute.

From your comments on the question, you ran traceroute and it stopped at a certain IP address and displayed * * * asterisks afterwards, something like this:

traceroute to <IPaddress>, 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1  1.1.1.1  75.415 ms  75.348 ms  75.298 ms
 2  2.2.2.2  28.026 ms  28.025 ms  30.207 ms
 3  3.3.3.3  40.006 ms  39.999 ms  45.287 ms
 4  4.4.4.4  118.244 ms  90.393 ms  90.350 ms
 5  * * *
 6  * * *
 7  * * *
 8  * * *

This means that the traceroute got blocked and did not reach the destination. The network device 4.4.4.4 (or the device after it) is the device that is blocking the connection. Since you're going over the internet, I assume that these devices are not controlled by you. This means that you will not be able to ping your friend's IP because something on the internet is blocking it. He can ping you because there's nothing blocking pings originating from his network (that can also include the 4.4.4.4 device that is blocking your pings).

You can double check this by trying to ping his IP address from a different device, a device that is in a different LAN network than you, to verify that probably no one can ping his IP address (and that his ISP is probably blocking it).


no NVIDIA driver currently installed but they appear in Additional Drivers

There is nothing to remove. Nvidia proprietary drivers are not installed.

You see them because they are available for installation.


You can try to boot with a usb live system or CD live system to check the state of the system. It depends how the system is installed (native devices or LVM volumes ? Crypted devices ?). If you can handle the different options you could try to mount the system inside the live session and check if your user is still existing. you can change the root and user password with:

chroot /mount-point-of-you-system
passwd root...
passwd user....

After a reboot your login should work. But there might be more that this hint alone is not working...


Playing video on Intel GMA with top-of-the-edge (xorg-edgers) drivers - known bugs?

Bug was filed and instantly fixed upstream! Amazing.


What happens if you do sudo passwd without specifying a user?

(Strangely, this seems to not be documented in man passwd...)

If no username is specified, it defaults to the username of the user running passwd. Of course, as always running a program with sudo (without additional arguments) makes it behave as if it were run by root, so sudo passwd is equivalent to sudo passwd root.


How to delete extended partition in ubuntu 12.04

Here are details on fdisk command

Don’t edit partitions while they’re in use. If you want to edit system partitions, boot from a live CD first.

Start with sudo fdisk -l and determine the name of the partition you want to delete (sda1, sda2, etc).

Then, sudo fdisk /dev/sdax with 'sdax' being the drive you would like to delete. This will enter command mode.

After in command mode, (type 'm' if you want the help menu) you will use 'p' to delete the partition. After this, it prompts for partition number, which is just the 'x' from 'sdax'. Then use 'w' to actually write the change.


I can shutdown Ubuntu system without closing all running programs.I think this should not happens

Ubuntu will send the SIGTERM signal to allow running applications to gracefully terminate and close their open processes. Only if an application does not listen to SIGTERM it may be killed.

In case a running application needs user interaction (test this with an opened unsaved document from LibreOffice) the shutdown will be halted until the user interacted.

On a multi-user system a user-initiated shutdown will be halted as long as other users are logged in. We need root privileges to still be able to shutdown. Then the SIGTERM signal will be sent to all open applications in all running sessions.

If is supposed that after a timeout (90 s) the user or the applications did not react on the SIGTERM signal SIGKILL should be issued which only then should lead to loss of unsaved data. The default KILL timeout for SIGTERM issued by upstart is much shorter (5 s).

  Testing on present release showed however that we can always shutdown without being prompted for saving our other other logged in user's unfinished work. As this indeed may lead to data loss I consider this a bug:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity/+bug/1281058


Updated to 16.04 and there is no wifi option

Your wireless might not appear in Network Manager for several reasons. First, is the wireless turned off by the airplane mode button or wireless switch? Check, from the terminal:

rfkill list all

Is the wireless hard blocked? If so, find and press the button or switch.

The wireless might not appear in Network Manager because it is managed elsewhere; typically in the file /etc/network/interfaces. Check:

cat /etc/network/interfaces

Is your wireless interface, perhaps wlan0, listed? If you’d rather that Network Manager handle the wireless, amend the file to remove wlan0 or whatever the wireless interface is:

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

Change the file to read:

# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

Save the changes to the file (Ctrl+o) and exit nano (Ctrl+x).

Restart NM:

sudo service network-manager restart

Any improvement?


How to create a live persistent Ubuntu usb?

Mkusb Persistent USB, Reformat usbdata Partition to FAT32
Use the toram option of mkusb to boot to RAM. Then unmount the USB, (unplug and replug it). Open GParted, select the USB drive, right click the NTFS partition and format it to FAT32.
Fat32 is probably what you call MS-DOS. It has a file size limit of 4GB.
Windows and Linux can use NTFS but OSX can not. Even OSX can use FAT32.


The resolution to my problem, which was an acceptable solution for me was to pull the kernel source from git instead. This compiled just fine, I don't know why the apt-get source fetched source did not.


Which command do you execute to open Gnome Disk Utility (Disks)?

gnome-disks

The auto-suggestion from package management sometimes helps out when you make a typo ( :) )

No command 'gnome-diskw' found, did you mean:
 Command 'gnome-disks' from package 'gnome-disk-utility' (main)
gnome-diskw: command not found


Ubuntu server apt-get install package_name which official site is the package downloaded from?

Type:

apt-cache policy package_name

And it'll tell you. On Ubuntu, it's usually archive.ubuntu.com, but you may have other sources set up.


Yes. Even if it was not a SATA interface you'd be fine.

1 thing you need to do: delete any 3rd party drivers before taking out your hard disk. The main one is the video card driver. And also delete the NIC 3rd party driver if you are using one currently.

Ubuntu will reset all drivers during booting and will use those that are needed for your system. After booting upgrade the video card driver if you want the 3rd party one.


Too old

Your version is way too old, and in fact I don't think it even supports any filters if I recall correctly. You can check with ffmpeg -filters.

Get a new ffmpeg

To get a recent version you can compile ffmpeg or simply download a static build. Users of Ubuntu 15.04 or newer can just install ffmpeg from the repository.

Example command

This example will:

Place video1.mp4 20 pixels down and 40 pixels over.
Place video2.mp4 in the middle.
Combine audio from video1.mp4 and video2.mp4.

ffmpeg -i bg.mp4 -i video1.mp4 -i video2.mp4 -filter_complex \
"[0:v][1:v]setpts=PTS-STARTPTS,overlay=20:40[bg]; \
 [bg][2:v]setpts=PTS-STARTPTS,overlay=(W-w)/2:(H-h)/2[v]; \
 [1:a][2:a]amerge=inputs=2[a]" \
-map "[v]" -map "[a]" -ac 2 output.mp4

Also see

overlay filter documentation
Superimposing two videos onto a static image? for detailed descriptions for each overlay option


Ubuntu can't find an executable file in ~/.local/bin

~/ is a shell abbreviation for your home folder, usually /home/USERNAME/, where USERNAME is the name of your user. It's the same as $HOME

~/.local/bin is a subfolder named bin in the subfolder named .local in your home folder.

You can use

~/.local/bin/pip3

to call your new pip3 executable. It may be easier to add ~/.local/bin to the $PATH environment variable, see How to add a directory to my path? so you don't need to type ~/.local/bin/ all the time.

Make sure you add it before the old value of $PATH, like

PATH="$HOME/.local/bin/:$PATH"


My Terminal window was flashing (fading in/out from transparency quickly) each time it thought the window was getting focus.  It would flash in the background as I worked in other windows.  Really annoying.
From your terminal window...

select the Edit...Preferences... menu item
select the Colors tab
uncheck the "Use transparency from system theme" (shown checked below)

This fixed mine.


How can I boot into Ubuntu after repairing Windows 7?

The only problem is the MBR section which now has replaced windows. Whenever you repair windows, it repairs MBR and uninstall the GRUB or whatever is written on it. So now your GRUB is not in the MBR and it directly boots you into windows.
To repair GRUB, you can use any live cd to boot into ubuntu and open up terminal and then issue the command sudo grub-install . Well, in many cases, that fails. For that, you have to manually mount the root partition and then re-install the GRUB into it. It follows as:

sudo fdisk -l
...list of devices and partions
//here find out the root partition (mine is sda3, so i am condireing /dev/sda3 here)

sudo mkdir /mnt/anyname
sudo mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/anyname
cd /mnt/anyname
sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/anyname /dev/sda

This will re-install your GRUB. If you are encountering any problem in installing the GRUB, just go to google, there are millions of guides on "installing the grub in linux". :)


Get into BIOS and change the boot order. Its F2 for my asus laptop. You might have to look it up. Change so ubuntu starts first. That should take you to a screen where you can choose the OS.


how can a windows application installed via wine be enabled to access partitions other than /home?

To find files stored outside of /home, reach /home/<user>/.wine/dosdevices/z: (where  is your username). This is a symlink to your root folder (/). From there, you can look for your files anywhere on the system, for example in /media if there are partitions mounted in that folder.

Make sure you possess the rights to read the files you need. If necessary, you can change them in a file manager (under a file's properties window) or, in a terminal, by using either chmod u+x followed by the files or chmod u+x -R followed by folders.


Cannot install windows 10 alongside Ubuntu 20.04

This sounds like you might experience issues with the partitioning.
My best bet is to start from scratch, wipe the entire disk, install Windows while leaving an empty partition for Ubuntu during installation, then installing Ubuntu to that partition.
The details are all covered in the guide provided by PonJar https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot.


13.04: Kernel panic - not syncing: No init found

Kernel panic can mean many things. My guess is you made some mistake during installation, related to formatting the drive.

Here is a guide on Kernel boot parameters and how to enter them dynamically when booting via grub.


I think you should try
sudo tasksel install lamp-server
if tasksel is not installed then do
sudo apt install tasksel


Desktop is stretched across dual monitors

I have had the exact same problem after a 11.04 upgrade myself. I've found that it seems to be related to Compiz. If I disable the OpenGL Compiz plugin the icons and desktop picture display correctly, but of course I'm now missing all the OpenGL effects. Just in case it's relevant, I'm using the open source Radeon driver (with an ATI Radeon X1800).


If you have a file named hw containing Hello World, the sed command would be:

sed 's/ / \\ /' hw

This displays the wanted result on the screen. If you want to edit the file, add -i:

sed -i 's/ / \\ /' hw

The command replaces the space by space\space. You need two \\ because \ is an escape character.


X11 forwarding means forwarding the X11 graphics created on the remote machine back to your local machine (as you stated).

I have found Xming and Putty to be quite tricky and somewhat outdated.

mobaxterm is a more integrated and powerful modern tool to achieve this (using  windows locally, while remote is a linux server).

Having said that, if you are using Ubuntu on your local and remote Pcs you should NOT need xming or Putty. Please let us know if your local machine is Ubuntu or Windows.


Yes you can! To install the most basic LAMP stack on Ubuntu you can do the following:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install apache2 mysql-server php libapache2-mod-php

You might want depending on your configuration to install other packages too to get everything running but that depends on what you need and you should read up on that in the official Ubuntu documentation for servers.

Another words before you now go and download your preferred Ubuntu installation image. If you're going to have that as a production system you should aim for the LTS releases which are all in all more carefully tested and provide longer support.

Installing on a desktop system is the same as if you would install it on a server system. So Lubuntu and other flavors work as well beside the server images.

Beside that take a bit of time and don't be afraid of the terminal, its usually the fastest way to solve things and to give advice too, no need to explain where to click and which tab to choose etc., this will all be past if you embrace it. And up to that there are plenty of resources around where you can read up. And welcome to the Linux world.


Git bash autocomplete does not work for all -- params

You are expecting auto-completion in a wrong place. This is the reference from man git-reflog:

SYNOPSIS
       git reflog <subcommand> <options>

DESCRIPTION
       The command takes various subcommands, and different options depending on the subcommand:

           git reflog [show] [log-options] [<ref>]
           git reflog expire [--expire=<time>] [--expire-unreachable=<time>]
                   [--rewrite] [--updateref] [--stale-fix]
                   [--dry-run] [--verbose] [--all | <refs>...]
           git reflog delete [--rewrite] [--updateref]
                   [--dry-run] [--verbose] ref@{specifier}...
           git reflog exists <ref>

As it is clear there, you need to mention a subcommand (show, expire, or delete) right after reflog and then use options.


Same hardware (J3455) and OS (Ubuntu 16.10 Desktop) here. I spent several hours on that and finally fixed it, so I hope I can help you with that!

First I tried multiple kernels (4.8.0.32, 4.8.0.34, 4.9.2 and 4.9.0-drm-intel-next), then updated libva to 1.7.3 using wsnipex's PPA and mesa to 13.0.3 using Padoka's PPA and actually up to that point VAAPI still wasn't working (DISPLAY=:0 vainfo was failing with same error you pointed out). Therefore I'm not even sure if these steps were needed at all.

Then I noticed that in /var/log/Xorg.0.log, there is no sign of i965 driver being loaded.

What did the trick for me was to add the file /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf, with the following content:

Section "Device"
  Identifier  "intel"
  Driver      "intel"
EndSection

After restarting the X server, I was finally able to read the correct output from vainfo.


Why don't I have System or Application on top?

Anything telling you to go to "System" is out of date, that's for older versions of Ubuntu.

You can either click the little gear on the top right and then go to System Settings, or search for and launch the Software Properties to find the driver you need.

See also:

https://askubuntu.com/a/201524/235


For Libre Office you may use Language tool extension.You can take it from Libre site: http://extensions.libreoffice.org/extension-center/languagetool


Zenbook UX501VW not using NVIDIA graphics in Ubuntu 16.10

Disable Secure Boot in BIOS and you will be able to switch to the Nvidia adapter.

The driver is disabled by Secure Boot.


My brightness Control is not working (amd)

Guys I actually solved the problem by installing amdgpu_pro released for ubuntu 20.04.
Also it solved my blank screen problem after grub page .


Does dist-upgrade upgrade my Ubuntu from 14.04 LTS to 14.10?

dist-upgrade should not upgrade the Ubuntu release, only keep you within the same release and upgrade those components that may require removal of some other packages, as explained in this answer

The command to upgrade the version of Ubuntu is sudo do-release-upgrade


Access nodejs application port from external IP

I was battling with the same issue with my Node.js web app just yesterday, and eventually found the culprit and the solution.

The reason for my issue was because I did not set up the port forwarding on my router (BT Home Hub 5). When you're behind a router, and you want to set up a server that is externally visible, you need to "tell" the router which device to forward incoming requests to when they are made with your server's port.

Every router's documentation is different, so you'll need to look it up, but it shouldn't be too difficult to figure out.


Two things seemed to fix this.

Number One:

Don't move xhprof_html. This seems to break it. Instead leave it where it is, or make a symlink from /var/www/xhprof_html to /usr/share/php/xhprof_html.

Number 2

Make sure you're testing for it correctly.

Test 1:

php -m

It might show up there.

But it sometimes doesn't. The other way to check is to add a php file with

phpinfo();

to /var/www and run it. Search for xhprof and if you find it, it's running. I didn't try the second one and was only using drupal integration to test for it, which wasn't working, so I missed that it was working.


Why does `ls -l` count more files than me?

The 12 you see is not the number of files, but the number of disk blocks consumed.

From info coreutils 'ls invocation':

 For each directory that is listed, preface the files with a line
 `total BLOCKS', where BLOCKS is the total disk allocation for all
 files in that directory.  The block size currently defaults to 1024
 bytes, but this can be overridden (*note Block size::).  The
 BLOCKS computed counts each hard link separately; this is arguably
 a deficiency.

The total goes from 12 to 20 when you use ls -la instead of ls -l because you are counting two additional directories: . and ...  You are using four disk blocks for each (empty) directory, so your total goes from 3 × 4  to  5 × 4.  (In all likelihood, you are using one disk block of 4096 bytes for each directory; as the info page indicates, the utility does not check the disk format, but assumes a block size of 1024 unless instructed otherwise.)

If you want to simply get the number of files, you might try something like

ls | wc -l


Something went wrong with my drive and it won't boot Ubuntu anymore. How do I fix this?

Based on this, it looks as though your 250GB hard drive has failed:

  File descriptor 9 (/proc/12881/mounts) leaked on lvscan invocation. Parent PID 20834: bash
  File descriptor 63 (pipe:[82571]) leaked on lvscan invocation. Parent PID 20834: bash
    /dev/sdb: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 0: Input/output error
    /dev/sdb: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 250059227136: Input/output error
    /dev/sdb: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 250059341824: Input/output error
    /dev/sdb: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 4096: Input/output error
    /dev/sdb1: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 228585308160: Input/output error
    /dev/sdb1: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 228585365504: Input/output error
    /dev/sdb1: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 0: Input/output error
    /dev/sdb1: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 4096: Input/output error
    /dev/sdb5: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 21471625216: Input/output error
    /dev/sdb5: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 21471682560: Input/output error
    /dev/sdb5: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 0: Input/output error
    /dev/sdb5: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 4096: Input/output error

You will want to recover any files you can using a live disc, then replace the hard drive.  After you reinstall Ubuntu, you can restore the remaining files from your latest backup.

Good luck.


Run this from windows command prompt

bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi


Does reformatting an NTFS drive to EXT4 remove the fragmented parts of it?

Yes. There is no need to defragment files on a drive without files. Simple questions don't require long answers.


Fixed this using a related question

I took the params from my txt.cfg, backed up my syslinux.cfg file and replaced all the lines with the params.


Ubuntu 18.10 Cosmic not starting GNOME session on bootup

As its name suggests lightdm is a more lightweight login display manager than gdm3. Switch the login display manager from gdm3 to lightdm. Switching from gdm3 to lightdm will still allow you to login to the GNOME desktop environment as usual.

sudo apt install lightdm
sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm
sudo reboot

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm will open up a new window allowing you to select lightdm as the default login display manager. Use the arrow keys to select lightdm, press the Tab key to put the focus on <OK> and press Enter. Then reboot by running sudo reboot


unable to download updates failed to refresh cache

You have to remove problematic "sources" list file with

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/wir

and then update package lists with

sudo apt update


Missing file for driver patch (Atheros AR9485)

you just have to install the new driver.
all the instructions are here : https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/971809/comments/63


Squashfs to backup? Or tar.gz? (I have all kinds of junk I have saved in my old PC with duplicates probably... is squashfs worth it?

The previous answer which states Squashfs does not do duplicate detection is incorrect.  Squashfs does explicit detection of duplicate files, and only stores the data once.  This is before and entirely separate to compression.

BTW the output of Mksquashfs will tell you how many duplicate files there are.

You also change the default compression algorithm and block size from gzip and 128K.  This will achieve better compression.

mksquashfs /mnt/OldSourceDrive/ Backup-Deduped.squashfs
-keep-as-directory -comp xz -b 1M


Vim: How to enter a normal editor command in shell before literally oppening

You can use Vim's :execute command, which executes an Ex command from a string, and that allows you to enter a special key using a \<...> inside a double quoted string.
$ vim '+ execute "normal \<C-f>"' textfile


The following link upubuntu will show you how install Canon Pixma IP and Pixma MG series.

But the source of how to install the Canon drivers for Ubuntu comes from the following website called launchpad where a ppa with stable canon drivers must be installed via the command line terminal.


Gnome Tweak Switching layout - Shift Key behavior

Intelligent Pinyin and Bopomofo (the ibus-libpinyin package) use Shift as a built-in shortcut for switching between Chinese and English. So when you long press Shift you can type capital English letters without switching mode. Just tapping Shift changes the mode to/from Chinese.
So if you use Intelligent Pinyin or Bopomofo and disable the shortcut you set via Tweaks it should do what you want.


Extract the .tgz in a directory of your choice. I usually pick /tmp for speed:

cd /tmp
tar -xzvf linthesia-0.4-2.src.tgz

Install build-essential and the packages specified in linthesia/BUILD-DEPENDS:

sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtkmm-2.4-dev \
libgconfmm-2.6-dev libgtkglextmm-x11-1.2-dev libasound2-dev

Since there is no configure script, compile right away, passing DESTDIR=your_destination_directory:

make install DESTDIR=/opt/linthesia


Ubuntu boots to a black screen with a blinking cursor after upgrading from 14.04 to 15.10

This seems to be a similar issue found here:

No GUI after upgrade to Ubuntu 15.10

Commands provided in link:

sudo apt-get purge nvidea*
sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak
sudo apt-get install nouveau-firmware
sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg
sudo shutdown -r now

Reinstalling the drivers may help. The link provided has you remove nvidia drivers as well, which have caused issues before when upgraded. However the rest of the commands also provide commands to remove and reinstall all the other display drivers as well.

Hope that helps!


How do I fix the audio in my dosbox install?

I find that before running some programs on Ubuntu 18.04, I need to open the sound settings and choose the correct output device.

Ubuntu never remembers my selection between reboots (always defaulting to "Digital Output AT2020USB" (the audio monitor on my mic!) and I have to manually choose "Line Out".

However, it's as if it remembers the setting per program, so that next time I run the program, it will actually work correctly without me taking any extra steps as above.

This applied to DosBox too.


Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install libapache2-mod-php7.0 # install PHP7 module for Apache2 webserver
sudo a2enmod php7.0 # enable the PHP7 module
sudo service apache2 reload # restart apache

For PHP 7.2 in Ubuntu 18.04 run the following commands:

sudo apt install libapache2-mod-php7.2
sudo a2enmod php7.2
sudo systemctl restart apache2.service


Sharing swap space between Windows and Ubuntu

Windows' swap space is typically a pagefile.sys file stored on the drive.  It is given an arbitrary size, and can use no more than that size.

Ubuntu and Linux require a dedicated 'swap' partition or designated swap space.  However, the swap space between Linux and Windows are not formatted correctly for each system to understand the other's swap space.  This causes the limitation in the ability to share swap space.  However, you don't need to share swap space.  It acts on the premise of RAM: each bit of memory is filled with data and allocated as its needed.  When the data there is not needed, it is marked as being able to be written over.  This then means that some other program can come by and overwrite the last allocated area with new data.  This cycle then continues.


How do I use a .desktop file with a snap project?

Yes, but be aware that the icon in your snap won't be in one of the regular lookup directories for icons, so you'll want to include the full path to it in the Icon=field of your .desktop file. The easiest way to do this is to use the ${SNAP} variable there for the base path to your snap. For the executable, be sure it points to /snap/bin/{yourbinary} rather than something in ${SNAP}.

Here's an example you can follow.


According to date's documentation, input currently must be in locale independent format. They suggest to use LC_TIME=C to produce locale independent date output. In your case, you'll have to prepend the chage command to make it output a date string that date will be able to parse:

chagedata=( $(LC_TIME=C chage -l $USER | cut -d ':' -f 2 | cut -d " " -f 2-) )


How can I change the Gedit keyboard cursor / caret to a block instead of a bar?

Short answer press Insert key on your keyboard.