8GB usb become 1GB after installing ubuntu?

The partition on the USB drive is only as big as the Ubuntu image you burned to the drive. (I'm guessing the size is inconsistent because some things show it in megabytes and others in mebibytes.) The rest of the space would need to be partitioned before it's accessible; you could use GParted to do that.

Ultimately, where you want to set up a portable OS, you should refer to one of these questions, depending on your needs:

Live image: How to make a persistent live Ubuntu USB with more than 4GB
Full install: How do I install Ubuntu to a USB key? (without using Startup Disk Creator)


Open Update Manager. Click Settings (at the lower-left corner of the Update Manager window).

This opens the Software Sources settings. In the first (leftmost) tab, called Ubuntu Software, there is a drop down menu labeled Download from:. Change the server to another one. Then click the Close button, and try again to install gcc.

Since you have changed your Software Sources, to install packages from the command-line you might need to first run sudo apt-get update, before running any sudo apt-get install ... commands (like sudo apt-get install build-essential). Thanks to izx for pointing this out!


Buttons in Libreoffice flicker when hovered over

I found a post on Reddit that mentioned this was a gtk-3 cursor theme size issue. Following the instructions in this post fixed the issue for me.
The post consists of the following commands:

grep '^[Settings' ~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini
if that works:
echo "gtk-cursor-theme-size = 16" >> ~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini
or just add the line manually:
vi  ~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini


What's the best way to use parallel bzip2 and gzip by default?

You can symlink bzip2, bunzip2 and bzcat to lbzip2, and gzip, gunzip, gzcat and zcat to pigz:

sudo apt-get install lbzip2 pigz
cd /usr/local/bin
ln -s /usr/bin/lbzip2 bzip2
ln -s /usr/bin/lbzip2 bunzip2
ln -s /usr/bin/lbzip2 bzcat
ln -s /usr/bin/pigz gzip
ln -s /usr/bin/pigz gunzip
ln -s /usr/bin/pigz gzcat
ln -s /usr/bin/pigz zcat

I chose lbzip2 instead of pbzip2 because the /usr/share/doc/lbzip2/README.gz looks "nicer" than /usr/share/doc/pbzip2/README.gz. Also, the tar manual talks about lbzip2.

Edit:

pigz-2.1.6, which is included in Precise Pangolin, refuses to decompress files with unknown suffixes (e.g. initramfs-*.img). This is fixed in pigz-2.2.4, which ships with Quantal. So you might want to wait until Quantal, install the Quantal package manually, or don't link gunzip/gzcat/zcat yet.


Ubuntu 18.04 upgrade has reset keyboard to US, cannot use £ sign in root login or user login

On Windows machine, you are used to compose with Alt+number. Try Ctrl+Shift+u combination. Then, you can write a Unicode hex input, for pound sing it is 'a3'. Confirm with Enter.


Intel graphics drivers 1.4.0: i915-4.3.3-4.2.0-dkms isn't available, NO_PUBKEY D14BDB0DB3438B6C

There was a problem, but it has now been resolved.

The repository key has been corrected and the drivers can now be installed successfully.

Historic answer

Prior to approximately 2016-02-23 13:00 UTC there was a problem. Intel were aware of it, investigated it, and corrected it. The basics of the problem were that the key of the repository referred to by the installer did not match the sourced public key in the documentation.  This was corrected by them updating the key on the repository.

Intel said that an internal testing key was mistakenly used in place of the production key. Although, the only person from Intel reporting on this  indicated that they themselves were in the dark on the timeline for a resolution.  The repository key was updated approximately 24-hours after they made that statement.

Prior to the key being corrected, it was possible to force an installation with the key mismatch, but this was not advised as it can create a security issue which is irreversible.*

To remove the warning, a user could either disable the repository using the GUI, or delete the files /etc/apt/sources.list.d/intellinuxgraphics.*  (Until the repository key was corrected, if the Intel installer was rerun after deleting these files the problem would return.)

There is no safe way of obtaining the package remotely if the keys do not match.

Detailed explanation

The Intel Graphics 1.4.0 installer installs an apt repository file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/intellinuxgraphics.list which contains:

deb https://download.01.org/gfx/ubuntu/15.10/main wily main #Intel Graphics drivers

When you run, apt-get update, each repository must be verified by a PGP key.  Prior to 2016-02-23 13:00 UTC, the apt-key repository was signed with a key with ID D14BDB0DB3438B6C, hence the warning:

W: GPG error: https://download.01.org wily InRelease: The following signatures
couldn't be verified because the public key is not available:
NO_PUBKEY D14BDB0DB3438B6C

In the intel documentation, it's indicated that the key is supposed to be installed by getting it from https://download.01.org/gfx/RPM-GPG-KEY-ilg-3 :

  In order to "trust" the Intel® Graphics Installer for Linux*, you will
  need to add keys to Ubuntu's software package manager ("apt"). Open a
  terminal, and execute these lines:

  wget --no-check-certificate \
  https://download.01.org/gfx/RPM-GPG-KEY-ilg-3 -O - | \
  sudo apt-key add -

Here, the -O switch to wget pipes the file to stdout, and the - when calling apt-key indicates to read the file from stdin

If we replace the call to apt-key with a gpg --dry-run, then we can see the key ID that is being supplied from that URL, e.g.

$ wget --no-check-certificate https://download.01.org/gfx/RPM-GPG-KEY-ilg-3 -O - | gpg --dry-run --import -
--2016-02-19 11:10:23--  https://download.01.org/gfx/RPM-GPG-KEY-ilg-3
Resolving download.01.org (download.01.org)... 104.84.0.87, 2600:1415:10:387::ae6, 2600:1415:10:389::ae6
Connecting to download.01.org (download.01.org)|104.84.0.87|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 2105 (2.1K)
Saving to: 'STDOUT’

-                                   100%[===================================================================>]   2.06K  --.-KB/s   in 0s

2016-02-19 11:10:24 (18.3 MB/s) - written to stdout [2105/2105]

gpg: key 894A3A8D: public key "[User ID not found]" imported
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg:               imported: 1  (RSA: 1)
gpg: no ultimately trusted keys found

So, key 894A3A8D from the downloaded key did not match key D14BDB0DB3438B6C required to decrypt the https://download.01.org/gfx/ubuntu/15.10/main repository correctly.  This has now been fixed, and the key of the repository is now 894A3A8D.

This was confirmed in Intel's own forums here, and subsequently corrected and notified there also.

Removing the repository (whether by disabling it or removing the file) would cause the warning to go away, however, that also means that the contents of the repository were inaccessible.

Running the installer again would simply reenable the repository but not fix the key problem, so the error kept returning until the repository key had been fixed.  It now works correctly.

It is possible to force an installation when the keys don't match, but this is not advised as it can create a security issue which is irreversible.

Until the correct key was published, there was no safe way of obtaining the package remotely. However, the repository key has now been updated and so the error has been resolved and the drivers can be installed safely and correctly.


You can check this link http://www.voipbuster.com/en/sipp.html

Source : http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1737373


Update grayed out (Xorg X server -- QXL display driver)

Run this on terminal

sudo apt-get remove xserver-xorg-video-qxl


Installing OpenJDK 7 didnt install javac

The javac (and other Java development tools) is available for openjdk-7-jdk.

Note that basic compiling within Eclipse might work without javac (but I still recommend having javac) because Eclipse uses its own compiler. See this answer below.


Your problem is that you're not adding data as a query parameter, indicated by adding a ? after /search

Here is your code modified and working

import urllib.request
import urllib.parse
headers = {}
headers['User-Agent'] = "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686)"
values = {'q': 'python programming tutorials'}
data = urllib.parse.urlencode(values)
url = 'https://www.google.com/search?'+data
req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers = headers)
resp = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
resp_data = resp.read()
print(resp_data)

The actual difference being your url

>>> url
'https://www.google.com/searchq=python+programming+tutorials'

and my modified url

>>> url
'https://www.google.com/search?q=python+programming+tutorials'

There is no resource located at https://www.google.com/searchq and that is the reason you're getting

  urllib.error.HTTPError: HTTP Error 404: Not Found


16.04 LTS wifi doesn't resume after disconnecting from vpn

Your routing table is the most likely culprit.  It was used to route all your internet packets through your VPN.  There is probably one routing rule to do this and it needs to be replaced.  You will need to open a command line terminal to proceed.  Do the command ip route show and look for the rule or rules that begin with default.  Enter a rule replacement for that default route rule.  Here is the command that should do it for you: sudo ip route default via 192.168.168.171 dev wlp2s0.  Then repeat the command ip route show to verify the change.  Verify you can reach the internet with ping -c 9 8.8.8.8.


Upgrading Ubuntu Server 14.04 LTS to Newer LTS Kernel

You can see on the attached image that the Kernel that is delivered with 14.04.5 is in fact the HWE Kernel of 16.04 and should be compatible/identical

Ubuntu Kernel Support Schedule

Source


How to fix wrong audio profile (on Skylake/Realtek ALC1150)?

The Linux Kernel 4.10 solves this problem.


You need to substitute the value of the command by putting it in $( ... )

echo "Current date is: $(date +%D)"

or using backticks (a common older syntax that you will see)

echo "Current date is: `date +%D`"

See the Command Substitution section of the bash manual


System crashed after changing permission of /usr/share in ubuntu 14.04LTS

The easiest thing to to right now is to:

Boot a LiveDVD of the same version of Ubuntu you're currently running
Install the same back-up program you took your back-up with
Update to the same level as your computer was before it had the problem.
restore the file permissions only (not the files themselves)

Done!  ;-)

100% satisfaction guaranteed!

Oh??? You don't have a back-up???  Well... then you'll only have an 85% chance of success so still use step 1 but:

Go and buy a back-up hard drive
make a back-up of your computer
execute the following commands

cd /media/ubuntu/LargeImpossibleNumber/usr/share
sudo chown --recursive root:root *

2 and 3 here above are very important if you happen to fall into the bad 15% as the above might make things worse and you might lose everything and then you'll need to reinstall everything and then restore your data...


Will setting root login as 'without-password' stop filling my auth.log?

No. The authentication will still be going on, but it will never succeed. If you want to avoid filling of the server log, you should go on with some reactive security, such as fail2ban.


What is the logical mistake in this code?

if..elif..else will only trigger one clause. elif is short for "else if" so, like else, relies on previous checks not activating.

If you want to evaluate each condition separately so that more than one can be called, each needs to be its own if. We'd also be able to do away with the else (that will always be called):

#!/bin/bash
ico="1";

if [[ $ico =~ ^-?[0-9]+$ ]]; then
    wget -P $HOME/Downloads/ http://www.google.com/favicon.ico
fi

if [[ $ico -eq 1 ]]; then
    wget -P $HOME/Downloads/ http://www.cnet.com/favicon.ico
fi

if [[ $ico -eq 3 ]]; then
    wget -P $HOME/Downloads/ https://www.facebook.com/favicon.ico
fi

wget -P $HOME/Downloads/ https://www.twitter.com/favicon.ico

On reflection, you might want something like this:

#!/bin/bash
ico="1";

if [[ $ico =~ ^-?[0-9]+$ ]]; then
    if [[ $ico -eq 1 ]]; then
        wget -P $HOME/Downloads/ http://www.cnet.com/favicon.ico
    elif [[ $ico -eq 3 ]]; then
        wget -P $HOME/Downloads/ https://www.facebook.com/favicon.ico
    else
        wget -P $HOME/Downloads/ http://www.google.com/favicon.ico
    fi
else
    wget -P $HOME/Downloads/ https://www.twitter.com/favicon.ico
fi

It first checks the input is a numeral. If it is and it's 1, cnet. If it's 2, facebook. If it's another number, google. If it isn't a number, twitter.

It's a bit weird trying to infer what you want from an abstract problem like this, but that makes the most sense to me.


Unable to use KDE Connect or GSconnect in Ubuntu 18.04

What solved it for me (Kubuntu 18.04) was deleting the ~/.config/kdeconnect folder.

After restarting KDEConnect, my phone was immediately found again.


how mirror other port 6040 using 443 nginx?

I assume your app listeing for http requests on port 6040 is running on the same machine as your nginx server. If your app is listing for https requests on port 6040, see nginx https upstreams instead.

Create a server that listens on port 443 on your public ip and acts as a proxy for your internal app on port 6040.

/etc/nginx/sites-available/www.example.com.vhost

server {
    # Listen on port 443 for both IPv4 and IPv6 and turn on http2 support.
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
    server_name www.example.com;

    ssl on;
    # Paths to certificates assuming you're using let's encrypt / certbot
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.example.com/fullchain.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.example.com/privkey.pem;
    # There's much more directives you should fine tune for https, but that's another task.

    location / {
        proxy_set_header        Host $host;
        proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_pass              http://localhost:6040;
        proxy_read_timeout      90;
        proxy_redirect          http://localhost:6040 https://www.example.com;
    }
}


Try this:

Open a terminal,Press Ctrl+Alt+T

Run it:

cd /home/user/Downloads
tar -zxvf BRL-CAD_7.26.0.2_Linux_x86_64.tar.gz


Qualcomm Atheros AR9462 with Ubuntu 18.10

Your wireless adapter is blocked by rfkill.

You can fix it by running

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ideapad.conf <<< "blacklist ideapad_laptop"

Reboot to apply.

You can always revert this blacklist by

sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ideapad.conf


PAM unable to dlopen(pan_systemd.so) when to login on tty1

pam_systemd.so is provided by libpam-systemd. Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libpam-systemd


transmission-daemon: error loading working config-file. User priveliges?

Problem solved!

The folder

/var/lib/transmission-daemon/

als needs to be owned by the correct user, so in addition to the commands stated in my question above:

sudo chown -R robots:robots /var/lib/transmission-daemon/

Replace the user "robots" and the group "robots" to the names used on your system.


How to set a USB drive to read-only mode

You may consider letting the disk /dev/sdc remain read-write but mounting it readony with sudo mount -o ro,other_options_as_needed /dev/sdc mount_point. For example,

sudo mount -o ro,dmask=0022,fmask=0133,gid=$(id -g),uid=$(id -u) /dev/sdc1 /mnt


How to Resolve this GNOME Shell Extension (gTile) Problem?

It looks like the extension is not (officially) supported for GNOME shell v3.26 (yet).

You may try the following (no guarantee it will work):

Go to ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/ and look for the folder corresponding to gTile. Open the folder.
Open the metadata.json file.
Add "3.26" under "shell-version": (follow the way other version numbers are added).

You may also consider some alternatives, for example:

zTile
Tilingnome
shellshape
ShellTile


Why can't I execute the command `file /sbin/init`?

You executed the command successfully, and it gave you accurate information.

$ file /sbin/init
/sbin/init: symbolic link to /lib/systemd/systemd

The tutorial advises you simply to find the ELF type of a binary file, one that must represent your system's architecture. Systemd is Ubuntu 16.04's init system. You can find the architecture of the regular file pointed to by the symlink with this command (thanks to muru for pointing out the -L flag which causes file to follow symlinks):

file -L /sbin/init

for me outputs:

/lib/systemd/systemd: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, for GNU/Linux 2.6.32, BuildID[sha1]=dfc32dfa86e4694a0408bd227e8f91d2acbbc11a, stripped

Ah!

You can also get your system's bitwidth with this command, for example (there are many other ways, for example uname -i):

$ getconf LONG_BIT
64

another nice clean way suggested by @Serg:

$ dpkg --print-architecture
amd64

As requested, here's how I install Oracle Java when I really need to use it instead of the much preferable OpenJDK:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt update
sudo apt install oracle-java8-installer


Lenovo Ideapad 720S can't resume from suspend on 18.04

You may be resumed but have black screen video failure. System is running, you cannot see. That has been happening to me lately.

Avoid using power button restart. Drive may get corrupted if it is running and you kill with button.

I get another computer and SSH into the one that seems dead. Then trigger restart with

sudo /sbin/shutdown -r now

This assumes you know IP number of frozen computer.


I think, you made a difficult system... I did more easyer system in the past, and I can say, that you have to use Bridge networking mode!!!

In VM, Settings>Network: Attached to: Bridged adapter:

Then, your modem(router, etc...)'s DHCP will give an IP for the Virtual Machine.

If I didn't understand your problem  well, please notify me via comment! :)


There's no "command roll back". If you have the commands you can undo them one at a time by just doing the reverse. But in short, keep backups, learn to read all directions before you do ANYTHING specially with root permissions (sudo) and don't blindly copy and paste commands from websites. If you don't know what it does then don't do it. Specially where sudo is concerned.


How to turn off the computer from the GRUB screen in dual boot

From this interesting thread on ubuntuforums.org:

In the GRUB menu, press C and then enter halt.

Also as noted in the link, it is safe to simply press the power button while at the GRUB menu.


Try running the following command, then log out and log back in.

echo "gnome-session --session=gnome-classic" > ~/.xsession


How to create a Snap package for a software?

The snapcraft.io website and snap creation page is the definitive guide on how to snap a software program.


as far as i can remember, if you already have win7 you can install easyBCD and from there, you can change the boot order.
dont forget, if you reinstall windows, install easyBCD to reinstall the grub and have acces to ubuntu.


How to check which terminal emulator is being currently used?

This function should do the job:

container() {
    pid=$$
    while true; do
        pid=$(ps -h -o ppid -p $pid 2>/dev/null)
        case $(ps -h -o comm -p $pid 2>/dev/null) in
        (gnome-terminal) echo "Running in gnome terminal";return;;
        (xterm) echo "Running in xterm";return;;
        (rxvt) echo "Running in rxvt";return;;
        (python) if [ ! -z "$(ps -h -o args -p $pid 2>/dev/null | grep guake)" ]; then echo "Running in Guake"; return; fi ;;
        esac
        [[ $(echo $pid) == 1 ]] && break
    done
}
container


download the VM workstation

http://www.vmware.com/products/workstation/

chmod +x VMware-Workstation-Full-10.0.1-1379776.i386.bundle
sh VMware-Workstation-Full-10.0.1-1379776.i386.bundle

the continue the installation


Activating menu in Xfce panel via command-line

Run the following command in a terminal:

xfce4-popup-applicationsmenu


Deleted Linux partition and upgraded to windows 10.... Now stuck at grub rescue

Use a Windows 7 disc (or later).
Boot from the disc.
Choose to repair the Operating system.
Use Command Prompt and use bootrec /fixmbr command.
This will remove grub and let you access windows only.
Use a Linux live cd if you wish to restore grub


The problem you appear to be having is blindly following the directions for the binaries provided on the http://unetbootin.github.io/linux_download.html page without an understanding of the assumptions made.

Essentially the assumption is that you will be executing the command in the directory where you downloaded the file. Assuming the default directory for downloads, your first command should be cd ~/Downloads followed by chmod +x ./unetbootin-linux and then ./unetbootin-linux  Personally after making the file executable with chmod +x ./unetbootin-linux I would probably want to move it to a directory on my path such as /bin or if I didn't want any other users on the system executing it possibly ~/bin You can examine your path with the command echo $PATH

TL;DR The upshot is that you need to first know where the file is before you can make it executable. How to search entire hard drive for a file? provides the basic approach to find a file.

The simple method for 16.04:

Since 'unetbootin' is available in the Universe repository, all you need to do is enable it and then issue the command sudo apt install unetbootin


How can I launch Google Chrome through terminal and get the terminal back for other commands?

Just start Chrome with an ampersand & at the end of the command:

google-chrome &

This will send the process to the background giving you your terminal back.

If Chrome outputs terminal messages you don't want to see just send them to /dev/null like so:

google-chrome &>/dev/null &

If you want to be able to close the terminal while Chrome is still running you need nohup:

nohup google-chrome &


A command to list all apps that aren't installed via package managers or deb file?

No, there is no such command, and writing a script that does that is virtually impossible. The reason for that is simple: You can write or download a script, place it anywhere you want, make it executable and boom you got an app. You may even define an alias for it so that you just need to run yourapp exactly like with “properly” installed software and totally forget where it's actually stored – it doesn't need to be in $PATH, not at all. And then there's your minecraft.jar you once buried deep inside your home directory. Technically it's just an archive, but then again when java performs its magic it becomes a great game and we just have to call it an app. Now is this the case for simply every .jar on your system? No, certainly not.
Actually, what exactly is an app?

In fact this is one of the very reasons to use package management software in the first place: It simply keeps the installed software organized and always knows what's installed where. If you want to keep track of the software you normally install with make install or e.g. ./install.sh I can nothing but recommend checkinstall.


Will I be able to use gnome-session-fallback with 14.04?

Yes, gnome-session-fallback is still present in the official repositories. gnome-session-fallback is now a meta package that installs gnome-session-flashback, which provides the same functionality. It should work as you expect.


No `rc.local` in 16.10, so how can I add a command to set brightness on boot?

The standard way to make permanent changes to access points (they are not really files) in /sys is to use sysfsutils rather than /etc/rc.local. The package is not installed by default in 16.10,  so first do:

sudo apt install sysfsutils

now edit the file /etc/sysfs.conf, for example:

sudo nano /etc/sysfs.conf

and add this line to the end of it:

class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness = X

This will do the same as your echo command.


Your path looks ok. Therefore a first shot:

Reinstall the original Python package via

sudo apt-get install --reinstall python

to overwrite the previous installation.

But your last edit (Edit 3) gives the solution. Remove the binary in /usr/local/bin via

sudo rm /usr/local/bin/python

or rename the file

sudo mv /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/python-2.5.4


VirtualBox kernel modules do not match the version of VirtualBox

You seem to have two separate versions of VirtualBox installed!

I would recommend that you fully uninstall all versions of VirtualBox:

sudo apt-get autoremove 'virtualbox*'

Then reinstall directly from Oracle. Go to the VB download page, scroll down to "Debian-based Linux distributions", and follow the instructions.

Then try again.

By the way, you don't need to use grep with dpkg. Here is a nicer alternative to your command:

dpkg --list 'virtualbox*'


Making an application only visible to a certain user

One way to figure this out would be to create a 'dummy'user and then log into your system as that user. I suspect that the applications will not be visible to that person. I dont think you will need to go to 'chown' for this.


Ubuntu 14.04: My zfs pool is gone after upgrading to the 4.4.0-59 kernel!

The answer that worked was to uninstall the -59 kernel:

% dpkg --get-selections | grep 4.4.0-59
linux-headers-4.4.0-59                          install
linux-headers-4.4.0-59-generic                  install
linux-image-4.4.0-59-generic                    install
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-59-generic              install
linux-signed-image-4.4.0-59-generic             install
% sudo apt-get remove --purge linux-headers-4.4.0-59 linux-headers-4.4.0-59-generic linux-image-4.4.0-59-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-59-generic linux-signed-image-4.4.0-59-generic

After rebooting, now everyting is back to normal! The upgrade message is still there, but my zfs pool works! A better solution would obviously be to have zfs work with -59 (and later) kernels, but for now I am happy.


You don't need to do anything , just connect to lan network from your host computer. You will see wired connection established in your title bar in vbox, i mean the uppermost bar with setting.


If you did not add the user, then your system may be compromised. Take your system off the network immediately so you do not reveal even more to the attacker while you investigate.

Deleting the intruder's account is not adequate. If they had the power to add a user, they had the power to install any number of backdoors that you won't find.

If you believe your system to be compromised, then fully reinstall, and restore your data from backups. This is exactly why you have backups.

If you added dirty software from the dirty internet, and you did not expect it to add the user, then it's behaving like malware. Treat it like malware and reinstall.


Combining mouse buttons and keybord keys for hotkeys

I use Easystroke to control mouse button behavior, you can probably set it up to do this.


Run a shell command from Gnome search box

To run commands in GNOME Shell, use the run prompt: AltF2. From the cheatsheet:

  AltF2 allows entering a command to launch an
  application. If you want to launch a shell command in a new Terminal
  window press CtrlEnter.


Increase dedicated video memory on Intel HD graphics

Thats a hardware thing. To actually increase it you would have upgrade the graphics hardware, most likely by adding a dedicated graphics card into a spare slot onto the motherboard (with the integrated intel ones, these are usually integrated into the motherboard or processor so to upgrade that you would need upgrade those).

Also note that the integrated graphics should be able to use more memory than it says in lspci, see here - basically check sudo dmesg | grep drm. This likely will be based on the system's RAM, and probably the same thing you thought Windowz could do. You should be fine according to the system requirements of the game even without this: System Requirements - EVE Online Support

If you are looking for how to set the video memory in Wine, try this question. PlayOnLinux should include a option to allow you to set this when installing EVE online.

See also:

Wine AppDB entry
PlayOnLinux script


When you began running the Linux installation, did you choose to install Linux:

over Windows, that is to say on the same partition that windows was on, or
along side Windows, on a separate [new] partition?

Assuming it was the former option, you will have lost your Windows XP partition if, as you say, the Linux install got halfway. This is because the drive/partition may have been reformatted, and/or partially over written. You will not be able to recover your Windows XP in this scenario. Your best option in this case, is to reattempt the Linux install.

If you chose the second option, then your Windows XP partition may still be there, and maybe recoverable. However, you will need to fix the boot loader (grub/LILO).  The easiest way to do this is to reattempt the Linux install. If it is a recent version of Linux, then it should detect that you have a Windows OS already installed and automatically set up your bootloader for you, such that you will have the option to boot into Windows or Linux.

In short, for either of the two installation methods, your best bet is to reinstall the Linux OS again, and hope that you have no further power outages.

As an aside, if you are having continual power interruptions, it may be worth considering investing in an Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS).

BTW, in your question, you have omitted a few details:

What version of Linux are you using? Was it Ubuntu?
You also say that you have tried "many things"... What exactly have
you tried?


Qualcomm Atheros Device 0042 (rev 31) driver

Quite often, the driver looks for one of several firmware files. Failing to find the first, it prints the 'failed' message, looks for the second (or third), finds it and loads the firmware.

I suggest that you update the firmware as follows; with a working internet connection, please open a terminal and do:

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.163_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux-firmware*.deb

Reboot and tell us if your wireless is working. If you are still having issues, please show us:

dmesg | grep ath

NOTE: Edited to update the link that changes very often.


Battery life limitation with Ubuntu 20.04 and AMD

It may be the case there is nothing wrong, but you are expecting a battery life based on a very optimistic specification by the manufacturer, and/or an inadequate comparison Windows vs. Linux.
As per description below, I would not be worried about any misconfiguration, but otherwise check the list of recommendations to save battery life.
This is not a conclusive answer, but perhaps the correct one.
On the specified battery life:
Various reported battery lives (see (4) below; usually tested in Windows) are not uniform and thus conclusive on this point, but suggest the specification may be too optimistic.
On Windows vs. Linux:
Testing the same PC under Windows, suggests a shorter battery life under Ubuntu.
Nevertheless, this might not indicate a problem with your Ubuntu installation, but that this simply what you can get.
There are quite a few reports of Ubuntu or other Linux flavors consuming more battery than Windows, even though this is not uniform across the board, see (1) below.
So you could try a few actions to optimize your battery usage in Linux, see (2) below.
This probably depends a lot on which devices and drivers you have.
1. Power consumption Windows vs. Ubuntu/Linux:

Why do I have less battery life than I did on Windows/Mac OS?
Why does Ubuntu eat more power than Windows?
Linux mint consumes more battery energy than windows 10
Power consumption vs. Windows 10
"Compared with a linux distro, Windows has longer battery life" is is true or is it a myth?
Very high power demand after upgrading to 18.04
Benchmarked: The Most Power-Efficient Ubuntu 19.04 Flavor Will Surprise You

2. Optimizing power uasge in Linux

How to Monitor and Optimize Power Usage on Linux
Use less power and improve battery life
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-prime/+bug/1765363

3. "Analysis" of the output of powertop:

The "discharge rate" of 351 mW is lower than some of the individual values below, and (eyeballing the numbers) it appears much higher that the weighted sum of the individual values.
The "estimated remaining time" is 29 hours, 54 minutes, much larger than actual life, by whichever measure.
It is worth finding an explanation for what this figure means.
Taking dr=351 mW as an average power consumption, and ert=30 hours, the remaining stored energy is about dr*ert=10.5Wh, much less than the spec (3-cell, 45 Wh Li-ion polymer).
What was the remaining battery percentage when you executed powertop?
If you don't know, or even if you do, you could repeat these calculations at various remaining battery lives.

Revision of the meaning of these figures, plus comparison of what you may similarly get from Win 10, would perhaps help.
4. HP Probook 445 G6 specification:

https://www.reddit.com/r/Amd/comments/dvrz3x/hp_probook_445r_g6_small_review/
https://www.notebookcheck.net/HP-ProBook-455R-G6-Laptop-Review-Better-battery-life-thanks-to-Zen.435188.0.html
https://www.notebookcheck.net/HP-ProBook-445-G6-Ryzen-5-2500U-RX-Vega-8-SSD-FHD-Laptop-Review.419778.0.html
https://www.amazon.com/gp/customer-reviews/R38ZBC9EEC7BHK/ref=cm_cr_arp_d_rvw_ttl?ie=UTF8&ASIN=B07RWVY9QG


Enable fingerprint reader login in 18.04 w/ Unity

Yes, according to Ubuntu documentation.

Open the Activities overview and start typing Users.

Click on Users to open the panel.

Press on Disabled, next to Fingerprint Login to add a fingerprint for the selected account. If you are adding the fingerprint for a different user, you will first need to Unlock the panel.

Select the finger that you want to use for the fingerprint, then Next.

Follow the instructions in the dialog and swipe your finger at a moderate speed over your fingerprint reader. Once the computer has a good record of your fingerprint, you will see a Done! message.

Select Next. You will see a confirmation message that your fingerprint was saved successfully. Select Close to finish.


Installation of Google Chrome fails in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

You probably need to enable the "universe" repository.

How do I enable the "Universe" repository?

Once you enable it, update your system and you should now be able to install google-chrome-stable.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libgconf2-4 libnss3-1d libxss1


This keyboard route works for me on Kubuntu 16.04 (and on Kubuntu 18.04 in a virtual machine):

System Settings > Shortcuts > Global Shortcuts > KWin > Maximize Window Vertically

Here, I've assigned Ctrl+Meta+V as the keyboard shortcut (where Meta is the Super or Windows key.

This causes the active window, the one in focus, to be maximized vertically, keeping the horizontal dimension and position on the screen unchanged. You can, of course, choose your own shortcut combination.


ACPI Error: Field [TBF3] - Can't boot properly

I fell again on the same error again after 1 year and I forgot the solution so I'm posting it here this time.

ACPI Error it's not start-up blocking. reading journalctl -xb better the error is with filesystem error code 4 which is fixed with:

fsck /dev/sda<n>


There's a good possibility that your problem is related to one I asked about earlier. I suspect that compiz is hanging. To test this, try the following the next time the problem occurs:

Switch to a virtual console (VC). For example, press Ctrl+Alt+F1. Then log in there. (To get back to your graphical environment from the VC, hit Ctrl+Alt+F7.)
Kill compiz: killall compiz. If that doesn't solve your problem, or if compiz refuses to die as happens in my situation, get tough with compiz: killall -9 compiz. Sending -9 forces compiz to end immediately without cleaning up after itself.
Compiz should automatically restart. If your problem is the same as mine, your problem should be worked around.
This approach shouldn't affect any of your programs except for compiz.


How to Install Xfce Desktop Environment from "xfce-4.6.1-src.tar.bz2"?

First you want this file, use another PC to get it.

OK This is going to take you a long time, you must compile each part individually

First put the file in your /home folder and extract the package

tar xvjf xfce-4.12.tar.bz2

That will extract to a folder called src, change to this folder

cd src

In here are lots of tar.bz2 files, you must compile each one in the following order

xfce4-dev-tools (only required if you build from GIT)
libxfce4util
xfconf
libxfce4ui, garcon
exo
xfce4-panel
thunar
xfce4-settings, xfce4-session, xfdesktop, xfwm4, xfce4-appfinder

Now this is an issue for you, you need these xfce dependancies,

autoconf automake intltool pkgconfig glib2.0 gtk+-2.0 dbus-glib2.0 xfconf gio2.0 libglade2.0 perl libwnck* gudev-1.0

If they are not installed the build will just fail, if it fails you can google .debs for all of these and download them on another PC.

Now we will build the first package, extract it

tar xvjf xfce4-dev-tools.tar.bz2

Enter its directory

cd xfce4-dev-tools

Now configure

./configure

Now make

make

Now install it

make install

Now go back to the src directory

cd ~/src

Extract, configure and make the next one

tar xvjf libxfce4util.tar.bz2
cd libxfce4util
./configure
make
make install
cd ~/src

You get the point, once all packages are successfully made and installed in the correct order, you can log out and select xfce from log in screen.

SOURCE


How to recover lost partition and files after installation of Ubuntu on Windows partition?

Try using testdisk through a liveDVD or liveUSB.

Install it sudo apt-get install testdisk. Then try recover partition.

Next time backup your data before doing anyhing that important and risky as installing an operating system.


so you have your network router configured to forward connections on port 22 to your machine's static IP address.

when trying to connect from your android (cell network); do you use a terminal emulator? is so add additional flags to the connection command : " ssh -vv " should show more verbose information to see at what point it denies you.

If it doesn't reach the service "sshd" I would purge openssh-server and re-install. This will automatically configure correctly UFW if there's any error with your firewall.


There is not a clear cut definition for /etc/default (the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard does not mention it) but it is used for "upstream configurations" and is specific to Debian/Ubuntu systems).
Debian Policy Manual:

Often there are some variables in the init.d scripts whose values control the behavior of the scripts, and which a system administrator is likely to want to change. As the scripts themselves are frequently conffiles, modifying them requires that the administrator merge in their changes each time the package is upgraded and the conffile changes. To ease the burden on the system administrator, such configurable values should not be placed directly in the script. Instead, they should be placed in a file in /etc/default, which typically will have the same base name as the init.d script. This extra file should be sourced by the script when the script runs. It must contain only variable settings and comments in SUSv3 sh format. It may either be a conffile or a configuration file maintained by the package maintainer scripts. See Configuration files, Section 10.7 for more details.
To ensure that vital configurable values are always available, the init.d script should set default values for each of the shell variables it uses, either before sourcing the /etc/default/ file or afterwards using something like the : ${VAR:=default} syntax. Also, the init.d script must behave sensibly and not fail if the /etc/default file is deleted.

Your problem is likely to remove itself ( ;) ): That directory is likely to get removed in the future since it is part of SyS-V init and systemd (what we use as of 16.04) does not use it. The only reason for it to still be there is compatibility.


How can I tell when Files is done searching?

When you are searching in Nautilus (versions 2 and above) a small "Searching..." dialog will be shown near the bottom of the Nautilus window while the search is in progress. When the search is complete, the dialog will disappear. You will know that the search is complete.


Concatenate multiple commands and write them in one line to a log file

echo "$(date) - Hostname: $(hostname)" > install.log


Ubuntu "Could not get screen information" after upgrade

If you do a ps x|grep control-center command in a terminal window, you may expect gnome-control-center as result. Close this control center window and instead type unity-control-center in a terminal window.This control center will show your screen information. Pin it in the launcher for future use and possibly pin out the former one.


How do I install the firmware on ubuntu 12.04

Try install the linux-firmware-nonfree  package. Use your favourite package manager, or use the terminal with the following command:

sudo apt-get install linux-firmware-nonfree

The package includes some firmware, such as Broadcom wireless card firmware binaries. You can see the list here: Launchpad page about the linux-firmware-nonfree package.


Ubuntu 16.04 GTX 850M cannot log in after switching to intel with nvidia 364.19 drivers installed

I solved it in a very simple way. I deleted the xorg.conf...

First I tried moving to a textual tty, switch to intel and run "sudo nvidia-xconfig". After logging out and then logging in again I noticed that the resolution was messed up (only one, nearly 640x480) but at least it was not failing to log in. So I tried to remove xorg.conf and now it works!


Unable to find "testdisk" or "testdisk-dbg" packages in 15.04

testdisk is well available in Vivid repos: testdisk (6.14-3build2) [universe]

Just enable the universe repository:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) universe"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install testdisk


It appears that if you create a file and a symbolic link on computer A, on computer B dropbox just creates two separate copies of the file. Probably not what you want.
The closest equivalent to a .lnk file in Linux is a desktop file. An example link-type .desktop file is a text file containing:
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Invoice_5.doc
Type=Link
URL=file:///home/username/Dropbox/Clients/SomeName/Invoice_5.doc

All of these fields are mandatory, and the URL must conform to the file URL scheme, so only absolute paths are possible.
To automate creating such links, you'll need to look into adding a custom action to Nautilus.


No, you need to have a separate instance of the game inside your ubuntu partition.

If you install programs using PlayOnLinux or Winetricks they will automatically put them into the correct folder.


It sounds like you're using dm-crypt/cryptsetup/LUKS on your whole partition, and also eCryptFS for your old home folder. Since you can already decrypt the whole partition ok, you just need to decrypt your home folder now.

Easiest is probably using the ecryptfs-recover-private script, just run it (optionally telling it where your encrypted private directory is) and it should take care of the rest.

See these for more info:

man ecryptfs-recover-private
eCryptfs author Dustin Kirkland's blog post
Dustin's answer to a similar Q - Trying to mount old encrypted home


How to Setup Axis Points in g3data of 16.04's apt-get?

Answer from the maintainer here

  There are two methods to set up the Y axis.

  The first method is: Press the button labeled "Set point Y1 on Y axis", then left-click
  (mouse button 1) on the image, then fill in the text box labeled "Y1
  value". Then, press the button labeled "Set point Y2 on Y axis", then
  left-click on the image, then fill in the text box labeled "Y2 value".

  The second method is:
  Right-click (mouse button 3) on the image once to set the Y1 point on
  Y axis, then fill in the text box labeled "Y1 value". Then right-click
  (mouse button 3) on the image once to set the Y2 point on Y axis, then
  fill in the text box labeled "Y2 value".

  The green T shapes mark the control points for the Y axis. There are
  equivalent purple T shapes to mark the control points for the X axis.
  The red squares are the actual data points you want to collect.

Problem: I filed a bug report about the issue here.


When there are millions of tiny files, effective speed drops dramatically. A real life example would be that like you have to throw a thousand 1gr stone instead of one 1000gr stone. Same amount of material but, takes much more time.

Also be sure that you are not using USB 2.0 interface.

P.S.
Cloning HDD to SDD is not recommended, because of some performance problems. You better backup your data and reinstall your system.


You should try to install JavaFX/OpenJFX 8 - Rich client application platform for Java:

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt-get install openjfx


You need to install glade and python-glade. It is most easy using synaptic. i/ve have had the same problem and now it works fine.

sudo apt-get install glade
sudo apt-get install python-glade2
sudo install gksu system-config-samba

then run:

 gksu system-config-samba


Ubuntu 11.10 Gnome 3 shell doesn't have the Activities menu or launcher

With ATI 7740, installing proprietary drivers for 3D acceleration should fix the problem.


Newer USB modems specially Wimax modems use a feature called zero cd. When you first insert the device, it will act as a CDROM and the driver gets installed from that CDROM. On subsequent insertion, the modem first mounted as CDROM and then very quickly it switched to the Modem mode, when the system detects the available driver.

Quoting from Wikipedia Article:

  When a device uses the ZeroCD method means that it behaves as a USB CD-ROM when first connected, with a virtual CD-ROM inserted with the Windows device drivers and related Cosmote control program. Once the Windows device drivers are installed, a special USB command is sent to the device to “switch” it to modem mod

The package which is responsible to do the switching to the proper mode in Ubuntu is usb-modeswitch. So, Ubuntu 12.04 successfully switched the modem from CDROM mode to modem mode, which is required to use that as a modem.

Then why 10.04 mounts that as CDROM?

I guess, the usb-modeswitch package installed on Ubuntu 10.04 was missing the proper switching configuration for your specific Modem. (Please note that, proper configuration is required to do switch, such as vendor_id, product_id etc.). So, it only mounts it as a CDROM and can't go further.

If you are interested to see the content of the Modem device in CDROM mode, you have to prevent switching. (I'll add more info on this topic, if I find them). But, if you want to use the device as Modem, I think, you need to setup a connection using your modem now as it is already detected as modem.

If you want to mount the CDROM mode of the modem

First remove the USB Modem
Use this command to prevent usb_modeswitch to automatically switch to Wimax mode upon insertion.

sudo chmod -x /usr/sbin/usb_modeswitch

Then remove the driver if already activated. For my device (it is ZTE AX226 from Banglalion) the driver is bcm_wimax. So, I removed it with command:

sudo modprobe -r bcm_wimax

The drive may not be the same as me, but You can see a list of drivers loaded by the OS with command lsmod.
Then execute lsblk command to see the CDROM mode of the device and it's device name. Alternatively you can use Disk-utility tool. For me it is /dev/sr1.
Then use udisks or Disk-utility to mount the device.

udisks --mount /dev/sr1

If will be mounted most probably in /media/disk folder.
Do what you wanted to do with it.
Then again re-enable the usb_modeswitch with this command: (
This step is important)

sudo chmod +x /usr/sbin/usb_modeswitch


Run a cronjob / periodic job only if vpn is up

Quick answer so the question has some closure:

The comment by @user535733 is the best way in my opinion. VPN is disabled at startup and started manually in this system, by systemd disable openvpn.

I have the following added to the vpn-up.sh script which is executed after the VPN starts by systemctl start openvpn:

#!/bin/bash

# Disable ipv6 to prevent leaks
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/eth0/disable_ipv6

# Start services e.g. transmission
service transmission-daemon start

# Heredoc for crontab entry in /etc/cron.d
MINUTE=`date +%M`
tee /etc/cron.d/piaport <<-EOF >/dev/null
    # /etc/cron.d/piaport: crontab entries for pia-port script

    SHELL=/bin/sh
    PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

    ${MINUTE} * * * * root /usr/local/bin/pia-port >> /var/log/piaport.log 2>&1
EOF

The script starts and generates a file piaport in /etc/cron.d which runs a script one hour after its generation, and again every hour afterwards.

The vpn-down.sh script which is run when the VPN service is stopped by systemctl stop openvpn:

#!/bin/sh

# Stop service like Transmission
service transmission-daemon stop

# Prevent DNS leaks
/etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf

# Reenable ipv6
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/eth0/disable_ipv6

# Remove cronjob / heredoc
rm /etc/cron.d/piaport

For unexpected reboots, the script called by the cronjob checks for the existence of the VPN and deletes the cronjob /etc/cron.d/piaport if it was left over:

part of script:

# Check for tun0
tuncheck=$( { /sbin/ifconfig tun0; } 2>&1 )

tunnotfound="not found"
if [ "${tuncheck/$tunnotfound}" = "$tuncheck" ] ; then
  echo "- VPN tunnel appears to be up and connected (Good!)"
else
  echo "Error detected! tun0 does not exist."
  echo "Please make sure both internet and the VPN is connected!"
  echo ""
  echo "Then run this script again!"
  echo ""
  [[ -f /etc/cron.d/piaport ]] && rm -f /etc/cron.d/piaport
  exit

In total, the cronjob is only run when necessary, and when the VPN is up.


This can be done by

Creating an init script to enforce our iptables rule set
Creating a set of iptables rules that could be put in place on a Linux gateway

To have a detailed info on how to do this. Please follow the link given below

http://www.leaseweblabs.com/2013/12/setup-linux-gateway-using-iptables/


Why does Amazon give insecure directions for installing awscli?

To quote the quote in the answer you don't seem to understand:

  In other words, you run arbitrary Python code from the Internet as
  root.

Now, Amazon employees wrote the CLI for their systems. They know the code. They trust it enough to run it as root. That is why they suggest it. Amazon isn't telling you to install random packages using sudo pip, they're only talking about their own.

If you want to extrapolate that to every PyPI package, that's your funeral.

Of course, the question still remains: Do you trust Amazon enough to run their code as root?


How do I file a bug for kubuntu.org website?

At the bottom of the page (kubuntu.org) there is a Contact Us link, and on that page, there's a link to submit feedback on the site.  Specifically for "if you have found an error on this website".  It's in plain sight ;)
FYI: It's fairly ubiquitous for websites to have a Contact link at the header or footer.


Having some trouble authenticating via proxy in order to use apt-get successfully on a corporate network

You must tell apt-get to use your proxy. In a shell, type:

export _http_proxy=htp://user:password@proxyserver:port
apt-get update

If this works, you can make the change persistent:

vi /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/proxy

and then

Acquire::http::Proxy "htp://user:password@proxyserver:port";


Issue in running sudo visudo command? visudo: /etc/sudoers busy ,try again later

First find out which process is using /etc/sudoers file:

sudo lsof /etc/sudoers

from your outputs, seems it's another visudo instance:

visudo 9348 root 5uW REG 8,1 755 9699545 /etc/sudoers

so, switch into root in case that something went worng:

sudo -i

then run:

kill -15 9348
ps --no-heading 9348 || kill -9 9348

open another terminal, run:

sudo visudo

make sure everything works fine, then you can log out from your root shell.


One SSID, two routers. How can I force the connection to the correct MAC?

Edit the network connection (NetworkManager indicator -> Edit connections, then select your connection and click Edit). In the Wireless tab there's a textbox named BSSID. Type in there the MAC address of the router you want to use and the connection will be locked to it.


In this file

/usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/analog-output.conf.common

I added in

[Element Master]
switch = mute
volume = ignore

just before this block

[Element PCM]
switch = mute
volume = merge
override-map.1 = all
override-map.2 = all-left,all-right

nano can be used to edit the file with sudo -s permissions.

You need to reboot the machine to see the change.


You are facing the following error:

  Exception: pg_config tool is not available.

The pg_config tool is part of libpq-dev

You can install it using:

sudo apt-get install libpq-dev


problem installing an older version of gcc

You don't need to download a package manually. Just install it using Software Centre and it will download the appropriate packages for your installation! That's how easy Software Centre works.

Click here: gcc-4.4 .

Then use gcc-4.4 to invoke that specific version. Your gcc will be kept the default version though. If you really need to change the system default, see Choose gcc and g++ version


Your tag indicate that you're using Ubuntu 14.04, that's called Trusty Tahr. As you can see from the package list on the the PPA page, there is no version of GWOffice packaged for Trusty Tahr. The highest version that a package is currently available for is 12.04, which is a shame IMHO.


I have had the similar problem.

  An error occurred while installing ffi (1.9.14), and Bundler cannot continue.

  Make sure that gem install ffi -v '1.9.14' succeeds before bundling.

I fixed it with sudo apt-get install ruby-dev.
I've found the answer here


Google Chrome on Ubuntu 14.04 Desktop Can't Running, Error initializing NSS with a persistent database

I found that libnss3-nssdb was removed and libnss3 was upgraded in a partial upgrade on my Ubuntu with sudo apt-get dist-upgrade.

libnss3-nssdb depends on libnss3

Now I try to install libnss3-nssdb :

$ sudo apt-get install libnss3-nssdb
...............................................
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libnss3-nssdb : Depends: libnss3 (= 2:3.15.4-1ubuntu7) but 2:3.26.2-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

And I get the broken package when it will install libnss3-nssdb

  E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

Now, downgrade the version libnss3-nssdb to 2: 3.15.4-1ubuntu7.

sudo apt install libnss3=2:3.15.4-1ubuntu7

After downgrade, I can running chrome apps on my local.

This it work for me.


hide storage volume in conjure-up instance

conjure-up uses dir as the storage backend in lxd which installed in Nova instance. dir storage backend does not support quotas.

You should change storage backend of LXD in Nova


uid 1002 has no permission to perform this operation

Last time I got this, I was logged in as user A, but another user B on the same machine was logged in at the same time. I logged out from both of them, logged in as A again and then everything worked fine.

Alternatively, https://github.com/blueman-project/blueman/issues/773 suggests users should be a member of at least one of the sudo or the netdev groups. To add your current user to netdev, simply:

sudo gpasswd -a $USER netdev

(See the file /usr/share/polkit-1/rules.d/60-network-manager.rules for the actual test-for-group-membership.)


Refer this link

Upgrade BIOS using a flash drive (after downloading it from official DELL drivers website link)

Note:- This could be BIOS issue too but not 100% sure

wget https://memcpy.io/files/2017-10-28/BCM-0a5c-6410.hcd

sudo cp BCM-0a5c-6410.hcd /lib/firmware/brcm/

sudo chmod 0644 /lib/firmware/brcm/BCM-0a5c-6410.hcd

sudo reboot


A raw dd disk image is good if you need every sector of the disk in the same place, empty sectors and "erased" sectors and all, but it takes up a lot of space. You could compress the image with gz, xz, etc but then can't mount or browse it as easily.
Linux doesn't usually care what sector it's files are in, so a files-only backup would work too (and just restore the boot loader afterwards) and probably take up a LOT less space, just a .tar.gz/.tar.xz or squashfs is nice and mountable too.
But for now you're stuck with a 5GB disk image, the easiest thing to do is just download it the same way you uploaded it - I'm assuming you used temporary storage on some other drive to save the image in the first place. But booting's now a problem so just:

Boot a live linux disk
Download the 5GB image to the same other temporary storage (another drive, USB drive, even another networked computer, etc) you used when creating it.
Use dd again to restore the drive image.

Since it's on a google drive, one of these answers might let you stream / pipe the download directly to dd, but it looks like techniques change over time and might not work anymore. This answer says it should work recently, it's:

June 2018 The easiest way that works for me

pip install gdown
gdown https://drive.google.com/uc?id=file_id

The file_id should look something like 0Bz8a_Dbh9QhbNU3SGlFaDg
You can get it by right clicking on the file and then Get shareable link. Tested on open access files. I'm not sure whether it works for directory.

Or this one slightly less recently, the heart of the answer appears to use curl and a cookie (see the full answer for more details):

#!/bin/bash
fileid="FILEIDENTIFIER"
filename="FILENAME"
curl -c ./cookie -s -L "https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=${fileid}" > /dev/null
curl -Lb ./cookie "https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&confirm=`awk '/download/ {print $NF}' ./cookie`&id=${fileid}" -o ${filename}


Try running Boot Info Script (http://bootinfoscript.sourceforge.net/).  This will produce the file RESULTS.txt that describes each disk/partition on your system.  Check that GRUB2 is identifying the partitions correctly by comparing the descriptors used in the menuentries in /boot/grub/grub.cfg match those in the results file.  I have an issue where GRUB2 mis-identifies my Vista and Windows' recovery partitions and doesn't boot correctly as a result.  The fix was to create a custom boot menu (see http://www.dedoimedo.com/computers/grub-2.html)


I found a solution to a similar issue I was having on the Ubuntu Forums, the solution was to setup the printer as an AppSocket device.

The procedure I followed when encountering the same error message with an Epson wireless printer was to:

Open the printer settings window.
Click the "Additional printer settings" button.
Click on the "Add" button.
Expand the network printer list and choose "AppSocket/HP JetDirect".
Follow the instructions on the screen, entering the IP address of the printer and choosing a name/description for the printer.

This worked in my situation with an Epson ET-2650 and Ubuntu 18.04.


As Fortinet VPN could use several VPN protocols
And as we do not know which one
-> You'd better use the Forticlient Official client for Linux & Ubuntu
Then you could export the vpn client xml configuration file from Windows that you will import to the Ubuntu client.

Find installation instructions for 18.04 here :
https://forticlient.com/repoinfo

Install Forticlient on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

Install gpg key

wget -O - https://repo.fortinet.com/repo/ubuntu/DEB-GPG-KEY | sudo apt-key add -

Add the following line in /etc/apt/sources.list

deb [arch=amd64] https://repo.fortinet.com/repo/ubuntu/ /bionic multiverse

Update package lists

sudo apt-get update

Install FortiClient

sudo apt install forticlient


Separators gone and spacing messed up after updating to Ubuntu 16.10

Use the System Settings -> Appearance section to select one of the default themes that comes with Ubuntu (Adwaita or Ambiance for example). If you can't select a theme there because of the missing space and funky UI, try using a tool like gnome-tweak-tool instead.

When you upgraded to 16.10 the theme you were using may not have been compatible and the system did not automatically fall back to a theme that works.

I had the same problem you describe and this resolved it for me.


By default, Super is defined to show you the overview of running windows and your desktops that are in use. Gnome Developpers consider the Activities overview as the most central place to control your workflow.

You see and can switch between running windows;
You can quickly launch your frequently used apps from the dock on the left;
You can launch a less frequently used application just by typing part of the name, or moving to the Application menu;
You have an overview of your workspaces on the right and can move to them to look into more detail.

All this from a space you quickly can reach with a press on Super

If you would prefer that Super directly opens the application menu (which you can open directly with the Super+a keyboard combination), then you can install the extension Show Applications instead of Overview. You can then still open the activities overview with Super+s

This extension will cause the Applications overview to appear when you press and release Super alone. The Esc will by default first bring you to your application overview, which may be unexpected and not what you wish. To have the Esc key bring you directly to your desktop again, you can install an additional extension, ESC to close overview from applications list.


Display the current date & time in the window's title

Showing date & time in the active window's title

Running the script below (an edited version of this one) in the background, the front most window will show the current date & time:

If the window loses focus, the time will not be updated; only on the front most window, the time will be updated.
The script also shows the date & time per tab on any application using tabs, like firefox or gnome-terminal

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import time

cmd = "xdotool", "getwindowfocus"
get_name = "xdotool", "getactivewindow", "getwindowname"

currtime_1 = time.strftime("%d-%m-%Y  %H:%M"); wid_1 = subprocess.check_output(cmd).decode("utf-8").strip()
wname_1 = subprocess.check_output(get_name).decode("utf-8"); wname_1 = wname_1[:wname_1.rfind(" |  ")]

while True:
    time.sleep(2)
    currtime_2 = time.strftime("%d-%m-%Y  %H:%M")
    try:
        wid_2 = subprocess.check_output(cmd).decode("utf-8").strip()
        wname_2 = subprocess.check_output(get_name).decode("utf-8"); wname_2 = wname_2[:wname_2.rfind(" |  ")]
        if any([wid_2 != wid_1, currtime_2 != currtime_1, wname_2 != wname_1]):
            cmd2 = ["xdotool", "set_window", "--name", wname_2+" |  "+str(currtime_2), wid_2]
            subprocess.Popen(cmd2)
        currtime_1 = currtime_2; wid_1 = wid_2
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
        pass

How to use

The script uses xdotool

sudo apt-get install xdotool

Copy the script below into an empty file, save it as show_datetime.py
Test-run it by the command:

python3 /path/to/show_datetime.py

Open a new window or give an existing one focus. The date & time should appear in the window's title within 1-2 seconds. Wait a minute to see if the time is updated.
If all works fine, add it to your startup applications: Dash > Startup Applications > Add, add the command:

python3 /path/to/show_datetime.py

If you are having difficulties running it from start up, use the command (in startup applications):

/bin/bash -c "sleep 20&&python3 /path/to/show_datetime.py"

Explanation

The script keeps an eye on three things:

The frontmost window's id
The frontmost window's name
The current time (minute)

If there is a change in either one, the date/time is appended or updated to the currently frontmost window.

Why use the name -and- the id of the window?

The window- id is used to set the window's title, to prevent setting the wrong window (terminal windows e.g. can be named similarly).
The window- name is to include tabbed windows, e.g. Firefox. The window name will change when another tab is chosen or opened, while the window- id won't change.
The conditional if any([]) is to edit the window's title only if there is a reason to.


Create a symlink:

sudo ln -s /snap/bin/docker /usr/bin/docker

You could also check what your path variable shows using the same command, but instead of ls -l use echo $PATH command. You could try to place symlinks to PATH mentioned there.

  Set the PATH on the server in ~/.ssh/environment (needs to be enabled by PermitUserEnvironment yes in sshd_config).

https://unix.stackexchange.com/q/332532/341457


How do I install Spotify in Ubuntu 16.04

And the answer is super simple! Everything in what you did was right except for the key you added! Replace

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 94558F59

with

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys BBEBDCB318AD50EC6865090613B00F1FD2C19886

and follow the rest of the steps the same! If you need all the updated steps, you can find them here


How can I set a persistant proxy server setting for the guest account?

Most likely you can use the same approach as in the other question, provided that you figure out what the command is. In 12.04 I think it would be gconftool-2 rather than gsettings.

However, if you go to System Settings -> Network -> Network proxy, there is an "Apply system wide" button (at least in 13.04). Making the proxy settings system wide is possibly a simpler way to achieve what you want.

Another possibility: I wrote a tutorial about guest session customization. The tutorial was originally published at Ubuntu Forums, and there a user added a step-by-step guide showing an alternative method to customize guest sessions.


Recently I've met the same problem. To solve it I've switched to the latest version of winetricks. In short the steps are:

sudo apt purge winetricks

cd ~/Downloads
wget  https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Winetricks/winetricks/master/src/winetricks
chmod +x winetricks
sudo mv winetricks /usr/local/bin

Please note at this stage winetricks will be available only from the command line. More details can be found at: https://wiki.winehq.org/Winetricks

In addition I want to report that with the current Staging branch I'm able to play StarCraft II more fluently than in Windows :P


Ubuntu google chrome is showing strange behavior not updating screen since I downloaded docker

Yeah.  This is bad.  It's basically unusable after update to 86.0.4240.75-1 .  Here's what mine looks like.  Note that there are only two Chrome windows open-- the one in the bottom right is a visual artifact, as is the portion of my desktop surrounding it-- those are actually being displayed as the contents of the second Chrome windows, which you can see the border of in the middle.  Unfortunately, I don't have time to wait for an update.  I need it to work today, so I can fix other people's issues.  Lovely.

Only way I know to triage until they fix it in a future update is to uninstall and install an older version.
I need it to work now, like right now, so downloaded closest stable version I could find, closed Chrome and uninstalled buggy version using Synaptic;  closed Synaptic, and installed older version (84.xxx).
This worked to squash the bug, at risk of recently known security exploits.  Yay!  Hopefully they'll have a patch soon.
Oh, yeah-- this is where I got the old version:
https://www.slimjet.com/chrome/google-chrome-old-version.php
Specifically, this one:
https://www.slimjet.com/chrome/download-chrome.php?file=files%2F84.0.4147.135%2FChromeStandaloneSetup.exe
And this is where I found the reference to SlimJim:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11408325/download-older-versions-of-google-chrome-for-linux


lubuntu installing steam "steam has no installation candidate"

Steam is 32-bit only.
First enable i386 multiarch and be sure you are up-to-date

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo add-apt-repository multiverse
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

then install steam

sudo apt-get install steam


What freely available software is equipped for editing PDF Bookmarks?

Foxit Reader 6
JPDFbookmarks
PdfWriteBookmarks


How to connect to wifi using just the terminal?

I suggest that you do the following steps:

nmcli device wifi rescan
nmcli device wifi list
nmcli device wifi connect my_lil_router password 1234567890

Of course, substitute your exact details here.


Gparted is not giving me the option to resize primary drive

Right click on the partition and select unmount before trying to make changes to it. When it shows a padlock/set of keys etc icon on the entry, it is mounted by the machine so changes cannot be applied to it.

When you have chosen what operations you want done, click the green tick button on the top bar to apply changes - Note data can be lost when applying changes so a backup of important data beforehand is highly recommended.

Documentation on GParted is here if you need it (this bit specifically)


How can I make the Quark music player work in Unity?

Most likely you use strange-quark frontend for GNOME notification area. This will now have to be whitelisted to be able to use it.


Sudo Gnome Disk break shutdown and usb mount

I think your problem is about running gnome-disks as root and with sudo. This software is intended to be run as normal user (in contrast to gparted and others).

You can simply and cleanly disable automount running:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.media-handling automount false
You can also disable auto-open feature independently from automount with:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.media-handling automount-open false

If you feel uncomfortable with terminal, you can install dconf-editor with sudo apt install dconf-editor. Start it from Unity and graphically navigate to org.gnome.desktop.media-handling and change its value.

If you want more info check this wiki link.

Hope it helps.


Various programs are starting slow on Ubuntu 19.10

Try: sudo apt-get install appmenu-gtk2-module

If that does not work, try launching the program with dbus-launch --exit-with-session program_name

Another thread on this issue for more information:

Some applications on Ubuntu 19.10 very slow to start also Fresh 19.10 install: FileZilla and Beyond Compare slow launch time


Ubuntu 14.04.1 installation error Md5 hash mismatch

Call wubi from the command line with option --skipmd5check.  Actually I consider that only a circumvention not a solution, but it worked for me.


It seems that removing asus-nb-wmi allows both wireless and mobile broadband to work as expected. I suggest you blacklist it:

sudo -i
echo "blacklist asus-nb-wmi"  >>  /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
modprobe -r asus-nb-wmi
exit

You should be all set.


Code::Blocks 13.12 Process terminated with status -1 (0 minute(s), 0 second(s) )

Make sure that you have g++ and xterm installed. Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install g++ xterm

Now in Settings -> Compiler -> Toolchain executables tab -> C++ compiler there should be g++ If g++ isn't there, then closing and reopening Code::Blocks should put it there after where it says C++ compiler:.

Before you run your code, which should run successfully, select File -> New -> Project -> Console application -> C++ and continue until the end of the wizard. Then select Build -> Build to build it and click the green triangle run icon to run the program.

A new XTerm window will open with the following results:

Hello world!

Process returned 0 (0x0)  execution time : 0.002 s
Press ENTER to continue.


You need to find a manual for this laptop. It should tell you how to get into UEFI aka bios settings. It is not always F2. It may be ESC or some other key combination. For Dells Fn+F1 may work.

Some laptops have a fast or quick boot option. In this mode the laptop does not detect USB sticks on boot. You will need to disable this feature.

Also you can try to fully power off your laptop, not just reboot. In this case that boot from USB may work.

But you need also to take in account that Windows 8 does not really power off the computer by default, it just hibernates it. This Windows feature should be disabled prioir to Ubuntu installation.


Unable to join meetings at Adobe Connect?

I don't use Adobe connect, but here is what I did.  I downloaded Adobe connect add-in 8, and I installed on Ubuntu 13.04.  I just press Ctrl+Alt+T on the keyboard to open Terminal. When it opened, I navigated to where the file was downloaded, in my case it was the Downloads folder, and I ran the following command:

sudo dpkg -i *.deb

Screenshot of the installation window:

Make sure that you have flash installed and setup on the machine prior to installing the add-in.  Hope that helps.


How do I turn off the Radeon GPU on my HP Pavilion DM4?

Ubuntu comes with vgaswitcheroo since 10.10. Therefore you can although it is far away from working as smooth as on Windows. Yet it's enough to turn off either one of the cards and/or switch to using the other ones.

You find more information on this topic on help.ubuntu and this linux.blogspot.

Since you are fairly new to Ubuntu, I'll tell you the essential commands:

chmod -R 705 /sys/kernel/debug # this isn't noted on the help.ubuntu-page, yet I had to do this since 11.04
chown -R $YOURUSERNAME:$YOURUSERNAME /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo # where $YOURUSERNAME is your user name
echo OFF > /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch # this will turn off your currently unused card. This is normally the discrete one.

These commands shouldn't work with fglrx installed I guess, because it has its own switching mechanism (which doesn't work for me).

For switching between cards, you would write DDIS (for discrete) and DIGD (for integrated) instead of OFF. Note that you will see a change only after you have logged off. Still the other card will already be turned on; consuming power and spinning its fan.


MAAS Ubuntu 18.10 netplan configuration to pass internet traffic to nodes

!/usr/bin/python3

EASY-INSTALL-ENTRY-SCRIPT: 'cloud-init==18.3','console_scripts','cloud-init'

requires = 'cloud-init==18.3'
import re
import sys
from pkg_resources import load_entry_point

if name == 'main':
    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script.pyw?|.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
    sys.exit(
        load_entry_point('cloud-init==18.3', 'console_scripts', 'cloud-init')()
    )


Unlink Dropbox account from command line?

There is an official Dropbox command line interface (CLI) that can help you.

To unlink your Dropbox account you can follow these instructions (without relinking your account after): $ dropbox stop $ mv ~/.dropbox ~/.dropbox.old. Basically it just stop Dropbox and move/rename your Dropbox folder (~/.dropbox) into a backup folder (~/.dropbox.old) that can be removed if it is not needed anymore.


How to solve this rpy2 issue? I need rpy2 installed

I have never tried this package, but it seems that it is packaged
for both Python2 and Python3. You can try them by installing:

sudo apt-get install python3-rpy2 python-rpy2


Unable to update from 12.04 to 14.04 using update manager

I had the same issue using Xubuntu 12.04. Even trying to change the sources list, it didn't work. There are two options (one will work without any problems):

1- Download the ISO, and when installing it, there will be an option to upgrade your distro to the new version. It will keep your configurations and programs.

2- Check this option here. http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1499512. If it works for you, then perfect.


sudo: unable to open … Read-only file system on proxmox server

The filesystem will usually go into read-only while the system is running if there is a filesystem consistency issue. This is specified in fstab as errors=remount-ro and will occur when a FS access fails or an emergency read-only remount is requested via Alt+SysRq+U. You can run:

  sudo fsck -Af -M

to force a check of all filesystems. As one of the other answers states, looking at dmesg is also very helpful.


How can I track the cause of random reboots?

Check /proc/sys/kernel/panic; if its value is 1 then the server will immediately reboot on panic. Buggy drivers can cause a kernel panic.
If it's not a panic check last issue of reboot, maybe overheating is the issue.
last reboot


Skype and steam will not run at the same time

Apparently this seems to be a common error. There is only a guide for Windows which can be found here: CLICK

But you might be able to do the same in Ubuntu. In the guide they delete some kind of profile folder. You could try the same. But be sure to do a backup first.


Search for nicklist.pl on http://scripts.irssi.org/.

EDIT: this is some help about its use: http://wouter.coekaerts.be/site/irssi/nicklist


How to fix error "pa_context_connect() failed: Connection refused" with bluetooth?

PulseAudio runs as your user, not as root, so there is not need to use sudo:
pactl load-module module-bluetooth-discover


How to close an unexpected window on desktop ubuntu

Assuming you are running Xorg and not Wayland...

Open a terminal window
Type xkill and press Enter
Click on the black window


I can't install Ubuntu besides windows without format

So the link @Pilot6 shared worked for me.

Somewhere in that long post I read that one of the problem might be that your windows partition is damaged so I checked and repaired it.

After a reboot I could select to install Ubuntu alongside windows. I am writing this very post from my Ubuntu installation.

Thanks a lot !

So if anyone else has this problem, check your windows partition for errors.


Unable to mount a hard drive due to windows 8 hibernation

Boot with windows and in cmd type powercfg -h off to disable hibernation and then try boot with Ubuntu this will fix.

Also you can fix that from Ubuntu:

Use sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdXY where XY is the partition name. ex:sda4. use gparted to find partition name.


Windows folder accessed from Ubuntu; now missing

Can you still access the folder when you boot Ubuntu? If yes, just copy it to an USB drive or such. If the folder can't be accessed in Ubuntu, too, you should probably check the drive for errors - either with chkdsk on Windows or fsck.vfat (for FAT(32)) on Ubuntu.


I ad the same problem. The key is to hold down the "fn" button on the bottom left of the keyboard while holding the fkey you want to press. give it a few seconds and it should pop up on your top right corner of the monitor. It's kind of finicky but it works. (I run ubuntu 13.04)


Posting XML through cURL using --data-binary

I was able to figure out the problem. The answer to this question was given early on in the discussion by Letizia but the problem was in the Syntax of the URL that I was passing. Apparently, the

  ...submit?source=FOO&conversationid=1234567

But in actuality I need to pass 'I' (Capital I, instead of small i). It was a typo error and that took more than a week to resolve!

However, the command was wrong otherwise as well because the 'quotes' (Single Quotes) were missing.


Ubuntu 13.10 gives "Package 'libapache2-mod-auth-mysql' has no installation candidate" error

It looks like there's a bug logged for this.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/software-center/+bug/1243076


How do I know whether hardware acceleration is working on VLC?

Run VLC from a terminal with a path to a video file, you should see in the output whether it's using VA-API. E.g. here's mine output:

$ vlc "https://youtu.be/6An_c0FOlew"
VLC media player 2.2.4 Weatherwax (revision 2.2.3-37-g888b7e89)
[000000000094f148] core libvlc: Запуск vlc с интерфейсом по умолчанию. Используйте 'cvlc' для запуска vlc без интерфейса.
[0000000000a5fb28] core playlist: stopping playback
libva info: VA-API version 0.39.2
libva info: va_getDriverName() returns 0
libva info: User requested driver 'r600'
libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/dri/r600_drv_video.so
libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_0_39
libva info: va_openDriver() returns 0
[00007f21bc5f1a28] avcodec decoder: Using mesa gallium vaapi for hardware decoding.

It worked for me out of the box, but just in case it won't for you, check settings of VLC for enabled renderer.


Can I format my Kindle Fire (1st Gen) and install Ubuntu touch?

At this moment, there are no stable versions of Ubuntu Touch for the Kindle Fire 1st generation. But there is an unstable preview of it by Hashcode but I don't see if it's going to be updated soon because he is making a new rom called OtterX:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2169327

There are apps to download Linux on the tablet with Android still installed:https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.zpwebsites.linuxonandroid

Also, you should try the Kitkang roms by Euroskank: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2266248


The best place to ask this question would be on the support forums for System76.

http://ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=341


Smartphone headset microphone not working, only internal does

I have solved the problem. What I did to do so is I went to HDA Jack Retasking, selected Realtek codec, checked "Show unconnected pins" on the right panel, overrided Pin ID 0x18 & 0x19 with selection of Microphone, and applied settings on the bottom right.

After that, I went to pavucontrol > Input Devices and changed port to "Microphone (unplugged)":

and this actually solved my problem. Hope it helps someone! :)


Can I run a Java 32-bit application on a 64bit system

It should be possible - obviously you will need to manually flip between 64bit or 32bit Java depending upon the application you will be using:

Using the ‘Ubuntu Software Center’ just search for ‘Java 32′ and install (if not installed) the 32-bit JRE. Currently it is called ‘ia32-sun-java6-bin’.

Next open your terminal window and and run:

sudo update-alternatives --config java.

This will you give you various versions of Java running on your Ubuntu machine. Simply select the 32-bit instance of the JRE you prefer and press enter.

Next we need to check that we have the right version of Java running. Do this by entering java -version in the terminal window.

You should see similar output as:

java version “1.6.0_07″
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_07-b06)
Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 10.0-b23, mixed mode)

Linked Question: 'Permission denied' while installing 32-bit Java (JDK/JRE) on 64-bit Ubuntu

source 1
source 2


chmod 4755 (rwsr-xr-x) gives (rwxrwxrwx)

You are running gcc as root for some strange reason, but then you run the chmod as your regular user. You don't have [permission to change the rights of call_shellcode since you compiled it as root, and therefore the permissions remain unchanged.

Don't compile as root! Don't do anything as root unless you have to.


On startup I have two network configurations, but not honoring settings

Something outside NetworkManager is configuring the device. NetworkManager notices that, and generates an in-memory profile that reflects what was externally configured. Note that in this case, NetworkManager does not actually do anything with the device. It just pretends, something is configured.

The solution is to not externally configure the device before starting NetworkManager. Alternatively, manually activate the profile you want and NetworkManager will take over (nmcli connection up ...).


How do you make your terminal play a sound or offer a notification when it has finished executing its command?

Sound I can't help you with. However, if you append something like

  && notify-send "Task complete."

after your command, you should see a notification pop up in the upper right corner. If the required package is not installed by default, sudo apt-get install libnotify-bin should get it for you. The && will execute a second command if the first completes successfully.


One of the most common reasons of hibernate not working even after enabling by using the method xchamitha mentioned is either a missing swap partition or a missing entry for the swap partition in your /etc/fstab file. This can happen if you ever modified your swap partition by deleting, extending, recreating it. Even if you haven't, verify.

Check if you have the correct entry in your /etc/fstab by opening a terminal(Ctrl+Alt+t) and then type:

sudo blkid

this will give you an output such this(this is mine, your's will have different number of partitions with different UUID's):

/dev/sda1: UUID="E8EE-D6B7" TYPE="vfat"
/dev/sda2: LABEL="Windows and Components" UUID="CAE8DFDDE8DFC63B" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda4: LABEL="Peripherals and Support" UUID="01CEB0A39FEAB500" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda5: UUID="dcce3bed-77bd-497a-af91-6de6a1a68617" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda6: UUID="85b5c13d-93ed-487b-a4b2-9004a1fd27b0" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda7: UUID="7301ea57-3526-4336-b541-1e8a0422e402" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda8: UUID="b23adddf-2164-46ab-aa3a-bd8d83158d22" TYPE="swap"

the last entry is of the swap partition. Note the UUID of the swap partition(it is b23adddf-2164-46ab-aa3a-bd8d83158d22 for mine). If you don't have such a line, you don't have a swap partition and you will need to create one using either the GUI method or the command-line method.

Next, check if there is a line in your /etc/fstab file similar to this:

UUID=b23adddf-2164-46ab-aa3a-bd8d83158d22 none            swap    sw              0       0

This line tells the kernel to mount the swap partition on boot, which is important for hibernation to be available. The entries here are separated by space(s)(the number of spaces does not matter, you should have at least one space between two entries).

Once you have completed this, reboot your machine and you should have an entry to  hibernate.


How many Ubuntu users are there worldwide ?

It is obviously not possible to provide solid data, since everyone can distribute Ubuntu for free (e.g. via a CD). Canonical (as one distributor) has therefore no way to know the exact number. (As a note: even companies like Microsoft might only know the number of legal owers of their software, but never the number of users).

What you can get are indicators of the number. You can estimate the percentage of Ubuntu users which are online with the default software configuration and multiply that by the number of registered website accesses that identify Ubuntu users, and multiply this by the percentage of those Ubuntu users who might have visited those websites.

Similar ways are applied in most estimates that you can read on somewhere on the internet. Often unique IP addresses are counted on security update repositories, but since I run an ubuntu server on strato, where all updates are always coming from strato servers, Canonical would never be able to include that server in any statistic. Also, since that server never browses on any websites, estimates from statcounter or similar will never track that installation. So again: no way to get to a solid number. Only estimates (and plenty of them)...

(I am very confident to say however, that we will have 200 million users in the next 4 years :-)


The problem was solved after I changed the scan frequency of my mouse to 125hz, going through the mouse settings of my razer mouse I changed some of the settings and tested it by playing the game.


How to write ubuntu image to a bootable USB stick in a Chromebook?

Yes it is possible, you need to make the USB drive bootable.
You can download the ISO file of Ubuntu.
Download a software to make the USB drive bootable using the ISO.
I use a program called rufus or any other to make the USB drive bootable.

And then boot from the USB drive.
You don't need internet for the Ubuntu OS installation.


I had same issue when I did an update for Ubuntu 11.10. Today I got the problem solved.

Just had to install blueman like this:

sudo apt-get install blueman

Got it solved, bluetooth icon is now back in the unity top bar.


Why doesn't Perl use latest version by default?

New features in Perl are not enabled, by default, for backward compatibility reasons.
From perdoc.perl.org:

This is often useful if you need to check the current Perl version before using library modules that won't work with older versions of Perl. (We try not to do this more than we have to.)
Also, if the specified Perl version is greater than or equal to 5.9.5, use VERSION will also load the feature pragma and enable all features available in the requested version. See feature.
Similarly, if the specified Perl version is greater than or equal to 5.11.0, strictures are enabled lexically as with use strict (except that the strict.pm file is not actually loaded).

A newer version of Perl has not yet been approved/committed for 12.04, 12.10, or even 13.10. See the main Ubuntu page for Perl here. However, it does look like there is some activity with work moving forward with Perl 5.17.
You could install from source, but I would not recommend over riding the system Perl installation. Instead, I would recommend installing a sandboxed version using PerlBrew.


Unity3d & Unity WebPlayer Can't get these working

Chromium dropped support for NPAPI plugins on Linux and therefore does not work with Pipelight any more, see http://pipelight.net/cms/chrome-chromium.html for more information. I would suggest using any other browser supporting NPAPI plugins like Firefox, Midori, uzbl, etc.


Installing AMD RX 5700 XT proprietary drivers on Ubuntu 20.04

I found a solution.
Here are the modelines for your display:
  Detailed timing #1....... 1920x1080p at 85Hz (16:9)
    Modeline............... "1920x1080" 198,500 1920 1968 2000 2080 1080
    1083 1088 1124 +hsync -vsync
  Detailed timing #2....... 1920x1080p at 100Hz (16:9)
    Modeline............... "1920x1080" 235,500 1920 1968 2000 2080 1080 1083 1088 1133 +hsync -vsync
  Detailed timing #3....... 1920x1080p at 120Hz (16:9)
    Modeline............... "1920x1080" 285,500 1920 1968 2000 2080 1080 1083 1088 1144 +hsync -vsync
  Detailed timing #4....... 1920x1080p at 144Hz (16:9)
    Modeline............... "1920x1080" 325,080 1920 1944 1976 2056 1080 1083 1088 1098 +hsync +vsync

Check if they work with the following commands:
 xrandr --newmode "1920x1080_85.00" 198.500 1920 1968 2000 2080 1080 1083 1088 1124 +Hsync -Vsync
 xrandr --addmode DisplayPort-0 "1920x1080_85.00"
 xrandr --output DisplayPort-0 --mode "1920x1080_85.00"

If they work make a 20-monitor.conf at /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d:
Section "Monitor"
    Identifier "Displayport-0"
    Modeline "1920x1080_85.00" 198.500 1920 1968 2000 2080 1080 1083 1088 1124 +hsync -vsync
    Option "PreferredMode" "1920x1080_85.00"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier "Screen0"
    Monitor "Displayport-0"
    DefaultDepth 24
    SubSection "Display"
        Modes "1920x1080_85.00"
    EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier "Device0"
    Driver "amdgpu"
EndSection

That should fix your problem.
This page for monitor settings on the Arch wiki provides clarification


What is the "recovery" option in the grub menu?

Recovery mode boots up with basic services and drops you to a command line as root. From there you can repair any problems that are preventing you from booting Ubuntu normally.

Using recovery mode requires a little experience with the command line.


Install mysql-server in ubuntu 16.10 - No Window to set root passowrd during installation process!

Thanks Yaron by your answer and time. But I finally found the solution. I just post this here, because maybe it could help to other people.

When I just run :
  sudo /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

It works fine, but in order to connect to mysql:
   mysql -u root -p

Does not work... instead it is required to launch mysql as admin user :
   sudo mysql -u root -p


Automatically adding CD box art so that I can put it on my iPod

My advice is to is Musicbrainz' Picard which is in the repository under 'picard'.

Once installed, install the "Cover Art Downloader" plugin, and set the settings to embed the artwork. Picard is great for fixing any bad metadata that may be on your music files, and it will download and the artwork for you.


SSHD drives like the Seagate I own do the hybrid SSD/HDD thing at the hardware level and present themselves as a drive that is OS agnostic.

There's nothing special you need to do in Ubuntu (or Windows for that matter) to take advantage of them, it's pretty much out of the box, the drive is doing the work at the hardware level.


I guess for linux the Wifi Dongle is automatically detected. I use Cana Kit Dongle and it requires no drivers or changes made in WiFi Settings. But recently bought teratec. It doesn't seem to work. I'm not sure about that.

Edit: You need a driver. Download the driver from the internet and run

sudo insmod <driver-file>


Applications that are not installed appear in Unity?

Oh , those are some apps that are available to install from the Ubuntu Software Centre =) Everytime you search for apps , it will display the apps you have installed and apps that are available from the software centre . Its a faster way to search for apps from Ubuntu Software Centre =)


Mentioned result can be achieved by opening Skype call window, right click on top menu bar of window and click on Always on top (as shown in below image)

Now you can perform other tasks while Video chat window is still open.


booting problem with windows8.1 and ubuntu12.04

Follow these steps from Ubuntu :

Open terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T Or Search Terminal in  Dash.
Enter the following command in Terminal :

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

(This will open grub configuration file in gedit.)
Edit the file and change following options as following (remove comments # before any of below lines) and save the file :

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=false
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
Run the following command in new instance of terminal :

sudo update-grub
Restart your computer, you should be now able to boot Windows if you
did partition your system correct


To run a TCL script from the command line, cd to the appropriate directory and then tclsh your_script.tcl

The effects of double clicking it depend upon the configuration of your desktop, and also what the script actually does - it may only send any output to the console, for which you'd need to have run it from the command line.


No network device available on Ubuntu 16.04

For whatever reason, your Linux kernel is missing the module iwlwifi which is the primary driver for Intel wireless devices. It's likely this issue will be resolved if you update your kernel. In order to do that, you will need a temporary internet connection. If your phone has internet, you could use USB to tether the connection to your laptop. You could also use a USB to Ethernet adapter. To update the kernel run the following command

sudo apt install linux-generic

If you have absolutely no way to connect this computer to internet, here's how to update your kernel to a more recent one with a USB stick. First head over to https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/ to pick up the latest build of the kernel 4.4 (this is what's being recommended by linux-generic in my 16.04 vm). As of now, it is v4.4.202. Under where it says "Build for amd64 succeeded", you will download four files:

linux-headers-4.4.202-0404202_4.4.202-0404202.201911160550_all.deb
linux-headers-4.4.202-0404202-generic_4.4.202-0404202.201911160550_amd64.deb
linux-image-unsigned-4.4.202-0404202-generic_4.4.202-0404202.201911160550_amd64.deb
linux-modules-4.4.202-0404202-generic_4.4.202-0404202.201911160550_amd64.deb

and save them to a USB stick. Next, copy them over to your laptop in a directory, go to terminal, browse to that directory, and run

sudo dpkg -i *.deb

And restart your computer. In grub menu, under Advanced Options for Ubuntu, you should now see that 4.4.202 as an option, and when you boot into desktop, you should have a working iwlwifi module. If it is not automatically loaded, you can load it by sudo modprobe iwlwifi. Once you are connected, you can now install linux-generic which will automatically update your default kernel.


Semantics of Containers, which is used to deploy service-units, are not clear

There are many different ways Juju can deploy a unit to a machine but by default it will deploy the unit onto the bare metal of a new instance. Depending on how you specify your deploy command Juju can deploy it:

onto the bare metal of the machine.
into a lxc container on the machine.
into a kvm container on the machine.
and on and on...

Specifically if you are looking for more information on deploying services into containers you should take a look at the docs here: https://jujucharms.com/docs/stable/charms-deploying#deploying-to-specific-machines-and-containers looking for the lines:

juju deploy mysql --to 24/lxc/3
juju deploy mysql --to lxc:25


After a bit of research, i found that there no service file named org.desktop.Notifications in my ubuntu.
So, i created org.desktop.Notifications.service with Exec having path of Notification-daemon and now it is working.


So after days of pulling my hair out, I found the solution. Hopefully people installing Ubuntu with my system setup will find this, because the solution is an easy one, but if you don't know a lot about in depth bios setups, can be tricky to figure out.

I simply needed to go into the bios setting in the advanced section, click the Graphics section, and switch from PEG, to IGD. That let my system show Ubuntu from the live install USB. Thank you to all who assisted.


Try

sudo apt update --fix-missing
sudo dpkg -configure -a
sudo apt install -f

Essentially, you are updating the packages while fixing any broken ones.  Then the next two are different ways to resolve broken package and dependencies.
Once those commands are finished, try running an update.


Difference between bash-shell and ksh-shell by using while with read - what can I do in bash for the same response as in ksh?

The issue here is that, in bash, the while loop gets executed in a subshell when it is on the RHS of a pipe. You could do instead

H_VARIABLE=leer
while read satz
  do H_VARIABLE="$H_VARIABLE $satz"
done < <(
echo "Zeile1
      Zeile2"
)

using process substitution or, using a here string

H_VARIABLE=leer
while read satz
  do H_VARIABLE="$H_VARIABLE $satz"
done <<< "Zeile1
          Zeile2"

See also bash script var not changed after the loop


Flash player not loading in Firefox or Chromium

Flash with under 500MB RAM is not likely to be pretty.  You might want to try HTML 5 video on sites like youtube that support a choice for most videos.  You could also try gnash which is an open source flash implementation that is not as resource hungry.