Dates set according to location not chosen language

Found the answer: Open System Settings and select Language support. Select the Regional Formats tab. From this tab select the date format you want from the drop down list at the top. Click Apply System-Wide.

Log out and in for the changes to take affect.


To change theme colors there are three files you need to edit.

/usr/share/themes/{theme name}/gtk-3.0/gtk.css

/usr/share/themes/{theme name}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini

/usr/share/themes/{theme name}/gtk-2.0/gtkrc

In the beginning of these files you'll find 4 pairs of core foreground and background colors used in applications based on the gtk 2 and gtk 3 libraries. Pair base_color and text_color are used for the document or text entry portions of windows where bg_color and fg_color are are used for the windows area where icons and labels are displayed. Selected pair is for selected text and the tooltip pair is used for the tips that pop up when you hover over a button or link. These colors may be applied by applications with varying opacity or shadings. The color of text in buttons comes from the fg_color. These sets of labels appear in all three files so I've been changing all three to be the same for any label I change. Here's an example of what I changed in the gtk.css file in the Ambiance theme.

/* default color scheme */

@define-color bg_color #cdc3b8;

@define-color fg_color #262626;

@define-color base_color #accdff;

@define-color text_color #262626;

@define-color selected_bg_color #01b9fc;

@define-color selected_fg_color #ffffff;

@define-color tooltip_bg_color #A3D0FF;

@define-color tooltip_fg_color #023C79;


Asus Rog Strix Z370 EGAMING Wireless card not working

First, I'd remove ndiswrapper:

sudo apt-get purge ndiswrapper*

Next, with a temporary working internet connection, do:

wget https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new/archive/extended.zip
unzip extended.zip
cd rtlwifi_new-extended
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe rtl8822be

If, after the 'make' step, you have errors, please post them here. Warnings are probably alright.

EDIT: You have compiled the driver for your current running kernel only. When Update Manager installs a later one, also known as linux-image, after the requested reboot, re-compile:

cd ~/rtlwifi_new-extended
make clean
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe rtl8822be


-W is a mawk option, and you maybe using gawk (GNU awk). Run the command with mawk -W .... mawk is installed by default, but if gawk is installed, it becomes the default awk.


Can't install Minecraft on Kubuntu 18.04

I also had the same problem, and it was resolved with the following command:

sudo snap install minecraft

To start Minecraft run the following command:

minecraft


Cannot install PS3 Media Server on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

I followed the solution listed here: http://adam.pohorecki.pl/blog/2014/05/16/how-to-install-ps3-media-server-on-ubuntu-14-dot-04-trusty-tahr/

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:happy-neko/ps3mediaserver
sudo sed -i s/trusty/raring/ /etc/apt/sources.list.d/happy-neko-ps3mediaserver-trusty.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ps3mediaserver

Worked great for me!


Edit dated 20130204:
What I'm using currently is this:

find /home/username/.mozilla/firefox/random.default/Cache/*/ -type f -size +1M -printf "%p\n" | tee ~/Desktop/zlist.txt && xargs -a ~/Desktop/zlist.txt mv -t /home/username/Downloads/fcache

I've made an alias for this in .bash_aliases.

Notes:
username and random.default will vary per user. An inspection of each file in the file manager should identify file types. I'm currently using Firefox 19.0 (beta).
1M can be increased to whatever one wishes.
It requires a folder, fcache, to exist in ~/Downloads.
It creates a file, zlist.txt, which can be deleted.
It doesn't work with some YouTube videos. I don't know why.
I'm sure someone better at this will have something more elegant.


How do I check for release updates that are not beta but might not be LTS?

I did some digging around in the code for do-release-upgrade.  It appears that it downloads a file from http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/ to check for new releases.  It downloads different files from there depending on the command line options provided.  The file that would suit my needs is http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/meta-release

I don't see any options that will make do-release-upgrade download exactly that file, however it's easy enough to do with some command line tools:

currentrelease=`lsb_release -r | grep -oE '[0-9]{2}\.[0-9]{2}'`
availablerelease=`curl -s http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/meta-release | grep Version | tail -n 1 | grep -oE '[0-9]{2}\.[0-9]{2}'`
if [ "$currentrelease" != "$availablerelease" ]
then
    echo "New release '$availablerelease' available. To upgrade use:"
    echo "  sudo do-release-upgrade -d -f DistUpgradeViewNonInteractive"
fi


Hibernate was working on 11.10 and is not anymore on 12.04

I searched your query and found this. Hope this works


How to develop a System Indicator for Unity?

System Indicator Service

Well, it is really simpler then I expected. There is no specific API for it. Because it is just a GSimpleActionGroup & with corresponding GMenu's exported through DBus then Unity is told about their presence using declaration file with same name put in /usr/share/unity/indicators/. No need for any other library.

Here a very small C language example:

Get a copy of tests/indicator-test-service.c from libindicator source

apt-get source libindicator
cp libindicator-*/tests/indicator-test-service.c .
cp libindicator-*/tests/com.canonical.indicator.test* .

indicator-test-service.c no changes

 #include <gio/gio.h>

typedef struct
{
  GSimpleActionGroup *actions;
  GMenu *menu;

  guint actions_export_id;
  guint menu_export_id;
} IndicatorTestService;

static void
bus_acquired (GDBusConnection *connection,
              const gchar     *name,
              gpointer         user_data)
{
  IndicatorTestService *indicator = user_data;
  GError *error = NULL;

  indicator->actions_export_id = g_dbus_connection_export_action_group (connection,
                                                                        "/com/canonical/indicator/test",
                                                                        G_ACTION_GROUP (indicator->actions),
                                                                        &error);
  if (indicator->actions_export_id == 0)
    {
      g_warning ("cannot export action group: %s", error->message);
      g_error_free (error);
      return;
    }

  indicator->menu_export_id = g_dbus_connection_export_menu_model (connection,
                                                                   "/com/canonical/indicator/test/desktop",
                                                                   G_MENU_MODEL (indicator->menu),
                                                                   &error);
  if (indicator->menu_export_id == 0)
    {
      g_warning ("cannot export menu: %s", error->message);
      g_error_free (error);
      return;
    }
}

static void
name_lost (GDBusConnection *connection,
           const gchar     *name,
           gpointer         user_data)
{
  IndicatorTestService *indicator = user_data;

  if (indicator->actions_export_id)
    g_dbus_connection_unexport_action_group (connection, indicator->actions_export_id);

  if (indicator->menu_export_id)
    g_dbus_connection_unexport_menu_model (connection, indicator->menu_export_id);
}

static void
activate_show (GSimpleAction *action,
               GVariant      *parameter,
               gpointer       user_data)
{
  g_message ("showing");
}

int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
  IndicatorTestService indicator = { 0 };
  GMenuItem *item;
  GMenu *submenu;
  GActionEntry entries[] = {
    { "_header", NULL, NULL, "{'label': <'Test'>,"
                             " 'icon': <'indicator-test'>,"
                             " 'accessible-desc': <'Test indicator'> }", NULL },
    { "show", activate_show, NULL, NULL, NULL }
  };
  GMainLoop *loop;

  indicator.actions = g_simple_action_group_new ();
  g_simple_action_group_add_entries (indicator.actions, entries, G_N_ELEMENTS (entries), NULL);

  submenu = g_menu_new ();
  g_menu_append (submenu, "Show", "indicator.show");
  item = g_menu_item_new (NULL, "indicator._header");
  g_menu_item_set_attribute (item, "x-canonical-type", "s", "com.canonical.indicator.root");
  g_menu_item_set_submenu (item, G_MENU_MODEL (submenu));
  indicator.menu = g_menu_new ();
  g_menu_append_item (indicator.menu, item);

  g_bus_own_name (G_BUS_TYPE_SESSION,
                  "com.canonical.indicator.test",
                  G_BUS_NAME_OWNER_FLAGS_NONE,
                  bus_acquired,
                  NULL,
                  name_lost,
                  &indicator,
                  NULL);

  loop = g_main_loop_new (NULL, FALSE);
  g_main_loop_run (loop);

  g_object_unref (submenu);
  g_object_unref (item);
  g_object_unref (indicator.actions);
  g_object_unref (indicator.menu);
  g_object_unref (loop);

  return 0;
}

com.canonical.indicator.test modified to add lock & greeter mode

[Indicator Service]
Name=indicator-test
ObjectPath=/com/canonical/indicator/test

[desktop]
ObjectPath=/com/canonical/indicator/test/desktop

[desktop_greeter]
ObjectPath=/com/canonical/indicator/test/desktop

[desktop_lockscreen]
ObjectPath=/com/canonical/indicator/test/desktop

com.canonical.indicator.test.service remove .in postfix from filename and change the executable path

[D-BUS Service]
Name=com.canonical.indicator.test
Exec=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/indicator-test/indicator-test-service

Compile it

gcc -o indicator-test-service indicator-test-service.c `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0`

Manual Installation

sudo su
mkdir /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/indicator-test/
cp indicator-test-service /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/indicator-test/
cp com.canonical.indicator.test /usr/share/unity/indicators/
cp com.canonical.indicator.test.service /usr/share/dbus-1/services/

Configuration for Greeter, override the default indicators list

90_unity-greeter.gschema.override

[com.canonical.unity-greeter]
indicators=['ug-accessibility', 'com.canonical.indicator.keyboard', 'com.canonical.indicator.session', 'com.canonical.indicator.datetime', 'com.canonical.indicator.power', 'com.canonical.indicator.sound', 'com.canonical.indicator.test', 'application']

Install

cp 90_unity-greeter.gschema.override /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/
glib-compile-schemas /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/

Test

sudo service lightdm restart

Notes

DBus service is troublesome, if you want user to be able to close application anytime. It is better to use autostart instead, like default indicators do.
I have uploaded ready files here:

https://github.com/sneetsher/mysystemindicator_minimum

and a modified copy here:

https://github.com/sneetsher/mysystemindicator

Where I have tried different menu for different mode. It could be installed and tested quickly.
This seems too simple and can be easily ported to any other language that have support for GIO Gnome lib (including DBus). As I'm looking for python, I may add it later.

References:

libindicator README: The indicator service file format

System Indicator Plugin

This is not full standalone indicator as the one above, it is just a share lib plugin, similar to libappmenu.so & libprintersmenu.so (application menu & printer indicator). It could be shown only in regular user session & greeter (Not on lock screen).

I couldn't make it work in my current machine, but I did before. Here the steps, may be I'm missing something.

Using same source above of libindicator

test/libdummy-indicator-*.c are examples (simple & visible the ones show up on the panel)
Compile

./autogen.sh
make

Install

sudo cp tests/.libs/libdummy-indicator-visible.so /usr/lib/indicators3/7/libdummy.so

Configure to show in greeter screen

90_unity-greeter.gschema.override use same name without lib prefix and .so extension.

[com.canonical.unity-greeter]
indicators=['ug-accessibility', 'com.canonical.indicator.keyboard', 'com.canonical.indicator.session', 'com.canonical.indicator.datetime', 'com.canonical.indicator.power', 'com.canonical.indicator.sound', 'application', 'dummy']

Install

cp 90_unity-greeter.gschema.override /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/
glib-compile-schemas /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/


Failed to open a seesion for the virtual machine

There might be settings that are not configured properly. In the virtual box, go to the settings, then to the serial ports option. You can see 4 ports , all with user defined options. In the dropdown where userdefined is displayed select the different ports(COM1,COM2,COM3,COM4) for all the 4 ports and apply. Then try starting the machine again. The message wont be coming now.


Printer scanner driver for Epson Workforce WF-5320

I have just gone through the process of installing the Epson iScan software following the recipe in the original question. There is just one stage missing to enable network access of the Epson scanner, to install iscan-network-nt.

The full recipe is as follows. For 32-bit machines the architecture labels will of course need changing to i386:

sudo dpkg -i iscan-data_1.25.0-1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i iscan_2.29.3-1~usb0.1.ltdl7_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i iscan-network-nt_1.1.1-1_amd64.deb
sudo gedit /etc/sane.d/epkowa.conf

There are two entries to change in the epkowa.conf file, one for the network ip address (which you can get from the printer itself or from your router), and one to specify preference for the document feeder (although the latter seems to be brain-dead). After editing epkowa.conf it should contain the following lines somewhere:

net your.printer.ip.here
...
option prefer-adf

Not only does this enable the Epson scanner software, it allows XSane and Simple Scan also to correctly locate and interact with the scanner.


Can I develop web and desktop apps on Ubuntu using C#?

Try the Mono Project.

  Sponsored by Microsoft, Mono is an open source implementation of
  Microsoft's .NET Framework based on the ECMA standards for C# and the
  Common Language Runtime. A growing family of solutions and an active
  and enthusiastic contributing community is helping position Mono to
  become the leading choice for development of cross platform
  applications.


Does the length of a filename change the amount of space it takes up?

Yes, the longer file name takes up a few more bytes of space in the directory, but a few bytes is insignificant compared to the size of the file, even if the file is only a single 4K block.


Why are the latest releases of programs not in the Software Centre?

why do some releases of programs take such a long time to load where
  others do not

Since most programs are based on either GTK+ or Qt library, only one of these will perform efficiently depending on whether your desktop is GTK+ or Qt based. The reason for extra load is the overhead that is involved in loading the other libraries that are not native. In your case, Firefox is GTK+ that opens quickly since Ubuntu is also GTK+ based, whereas Skype is Qt based, which will perform better on a KDE based desktop such as Kubuntu, and not Ubuntu.

  Whose responsibility is it to load new software and why isn't the
  Ubuntu Center one of the first point of calls for such uploads.

From what I understand of your question, you are trying to install new packages from the Ubuntu Software Centre. Personally, I've never liked the clunkiness of this application, and I use Synaptics package manager instead, that gives more control on what packages are installed and is transparent about the dependencies, repositories, etc. which is not the case with the Software Centre. Even performing a "sudo apt-get install" is better than that.


Ubuntu 18.04.1 not booting properly showing busybox

It look like the UUID of the root partition is wrong or hash changed for some reason. So you need to fix/update to the proper UUID.

This can be done by booting into a Ubuntu Live-CD and open a konsole and type in the following commands:

$ sudo blkid
/dev/sdb1: UUID="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx" UUID_SUB="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx" TYPE="btrfs" PARTUUID="xxxxxxxx-xx"
/dev/sda1: UUID="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx" UUID_SUB="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx" TYPE="btrfs" PARTUUID="xxxxxxxx-xx"

The output of the command might be a bit different according to your disk partion tabe. In most cases the /dev/sda1 is the root filesystem. So you need to mount the partition in the running live system and change UUID in the /etc/fstab file

$ sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
$ editor /mnt/etc/fstab

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system>                           <mount point> <type>  <options> <dump>  <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx /             btrfs   defaults  0       0

The filesytem type and might be differnt in your case. If /dev/sda1 does not contain the /etc/fstab, then you have the wrong partition. umount /mnt and try the other partitions.


Applications unresponsive after Upgrade from 12.04 to 14.04

After further trial and error... it turns out the graphics card was plugged into the TV.  Applications were 'hiding' in the TV but did not show on the monitor until the TV was either mirrored or unplugged.  Still have issues, but they seem to be in my head alone ; )


You might have to boot your windows install disc or burn one from your Ubuntu Partition. (Microsoft provides legitimate ISO downloads from their website) Then boot from that disc and there should be a repair option. Run that and it should fix your issue and your data should be intact.


System freezes/unresponsive/unusable when copying large file to USB

According to this bug report I solved it adding following lines

vm.dirty_background_ratio = 5
vm.dirty_ratio = 10

into /etc/sysctl.conf

and running

sudo sysctl -p


automount with autofs setup but not working

I had the same trouble starting autofs.  Finally, I could solve it by just specifying a relative path instead of an absolute path in auto.fs.
So, your files should look something like
auto.master
...
/mypoint   /etc/auto.nfs

auto.nfs
myfiles   -fstype=nfs4   192.168.1.100:/volume2/Files

The result will be that your files will be under /mypoint/myfiles


Calculator. Can't set floats in base of logarithms (malformed expression at token "..")

The answer is to use the trick instead: log(50) / log(1,021) = log_1,021(50) (see screenshot)


Ubuntu One folder vs Checking the "sync with ubuntu one" check box

The "Ubuntu One" is the default folder, that is always synced when you enable Ubuntu One. For other synced folders, you can select in each devices which to sync or not sync.

For example:

on PC "A" you have "Ubuntu One" folder, and Pictures folder; you select "Pictures" for syncing.
on PC "B" you also enable Ubuntu One service: the "Ubuntu One" folder will be synced, but you can avoid to select also "Pictures" syncing.


I hope you enjoy ;-)

If you're lazy and just want it to work, run this at terminal and choose XDaliClock:

cd ~/ && wget dl.dropbox.com/u/4098082/xdaliclock.sh && chmod +x ~/xdaliclock.sh && ~/xdaliclock.sh && rm ~/xdaliclock.sh

Step by step instructions:

1) Install some apps:

sudo aptitude install gnome-screensaver xdaliclock xscreensaver-data

2) Create a file:

gedit ~/xdaliclock

3) Then paste this into it:

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=xdaliclock
GenericName=XDaliClock
TryExec=xdaliclock
StartupNotify=false
Exec=xdaliclock -root -font BUILTIN3 -24 -cycle -visual best
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=GNOME;Screensaver;
OnlyShowIn=GNOME;

4) Save the file

5) Move the file:

sudo mv ~/xdaliclock /usr/share/applications/screensavers/xdaliclock.desktop

6) Create a symbolic link:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/xdaliclock /usr/lib/xscreensaver/xdaliclock

7) Open the Screen Save Preferences

gnome-screensaver-preferences

8) Choose xdaliclock

9) Enjoy!

Reference: http://my.opera.com/pau4o/blog/2009/07/07/xdaliclock-started-via-gnome-screensaver


Current time in an Ubuntu under vmware is usually incorrect

In the VM, create a file /etc/cron.hourly/ntpdate containing:

#!/bin/sh
ntpdate ntp.ubuntu.com

Source


The problem is, you are not the root user. Follow the instructions below:

Press Ctrl+Alt+T

Type in the following command and press enter:
sudo nautilus

Select a file that you want to transfer and send (right click on file, Copy To...) it to any particular location   (including, USB).

OR
Follow this:

Press, Ctrl+Alt+T

Use this:
cp source-address-of-file-including-file destination-address
In your case:
 cp /home/username/your-file-name.txt /media/username/your-media-name/


No sound with Philips SAA7130 Hybrid Capture Device card

Sorry for my english .... but i want to help others in this problem

I found a solution for this problem

First we must understand How this card is working, it pipe the sound from the source to the computer sound card, so we can check to see if there is sounds getting out of it bu plugging a head set in the card out ... if there is a sound then the card is working fine

Second we must deal with the input of the sound card, I download a driver of my sound card for linux.

Third i type "alsamixer" in the terminal and make sure automute is disabled and all volume are in high position

Forth i try all different input sockets in the sound card and the sound is working fine

Hope this will be enough


How may I install clang v8 on 32-bit Ubuntu 18.04?

You could try downloading the LLVM/clang source code for the version you want (http://releases.llvm.org/download.html) and building it yourself. There are some instructions in the INSTALL.txt file inside the source code tarball.


Openssl keeps prompting for a phrase during key generation

It was right there in the directions, I just didn't read far enough.

openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr creates the file I need for apache2.


How to run Xorg server on integrated GPU?

Change PRIME profiles to Intel(Power Saving Mode) in NVIDIA X Server Settings
Log out / Log in
add
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64:/usr/lib/nvidia-xxx
(mine is nvidia-384) to ~/.bashrc file
run nvidia-smi

If it doesn't work make sure Secure Boot is disabled in UEFI settings.


Booting Ubuntu with a USB without CD-ROM detection

You need to change the boot order in your BIOS settings. When you boot up, there will be a small note on the screen telling you which key to press for the BIOS settings (often but not always F10). Once in the BIOS settings menu, navigate to change the boot order and make sure the USB drive is preferred.


Stuck on TTY - Ctrl+Alt+F7 returns black screen

Had the same problem. Almost got a heart attack.
Pressing Ctrl Alt F2 solved the problem for me.


I hope the steps below will help someone if they ever come across a similar issue.

Thank you very much to @heynnema and the users above who helped.

Here is what finally fixed the issue,

Ran these 2 commands to monitor the log files,

journalctl -r

tail -f /var/log/syslog

The log files pointed to an output similar to the output below,

org.kde.baloo.engine: PostingDB::put MDB_BAD_TXN: Transaction must abort, has a child, or is invalid
org.kde.baloo.engine: PositionDB::put MDB_BAD_TXN: Transaction must abort, has a child, or is invalid

Disabled Baloo File Indexing using the command below, and my CPU processes and writing to the hard disk stopped immediately

balooctl disable

My syslog file was over 250GB and so I cleared it by login in as root on terminal (re commands below)

Syslog file location on Ubuntu (~/var/log/syslog)
Login as root on terminal using the command su -
Then run the command > /var/log/syslog this clears the log file

Just to be safe I checked the file systems for any errors using the commands below as @heynnema suggested

  Lets first check your file system for errors. Boot to a Ubuntu Live
  DVD/USB, open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
  Type sudo fdisk -l, identify the /dev/XXXX device name for your "Linux Filesystem", then type sudo fsck -f /dev/XXXX, replacing XXXX with the number you found earlier. Repeat the fsck command if there were errors

I had no errors on my file system so all good now.


How to make script to add some text to newly created files

If you simply want to add the same settings to the end of any file, and you can have comments in the file (say started with a #) you could try something like this:

additions='# standard additions
[ ... whatever you wanted to add]'

for file in *.conf; do
    grep -q "# standard additions" "$file" ||
    echo "$additions" >>"$file"
done


What is the equivalent of the "tracert" DOS command?

Install the traceroute package via terminal by running:

sudo apt-get install traceroute

After that, type this in the terminal:

traceroute [ip/web-site domain]

For example:

traceroute 8.8.8.8

you can also use web-sites as well:

traceroute www.sitename.com


In software center, some softwares are not found

For 64 bit Ubuntu systems only, add the i386 architecture before running all the below commands,

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

First enable multiverse repository,

sudo add-apt-repository multiverse

Update all the repositories

sudo apt-get update

Install steam package

sudo apt-get install steam

How did i know

$ apt-cache policy steam
N: Unable to locate package steam
$ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
$ apt-cache policy steam
steam:i386:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 1:1.0.0.45-1ubuntu1
  Version table:
     1:1.0.0.45-1ubuntu1 0
        500 http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/Linux/ubuntu/ trusty/multiverse i386 Packages


Well you have an alternative tool for your needs. That is: Gparted. One of the most widely accepted one. I would insist you one installing it in your Linux machine for your needs.

Go to your Terminal and type the command
sudo apt-get install gparted


Keyboard (including on screen keyboard) doesn't work

Making errors in the keyboard symbol files will create problems like you mentioned.

If you remember the changes you have done.., you can log on to Recovery mode and correct the errors..

to do so..

at Grub Menu Screen, select Advanced Options for Ubuntu and choose Recovery Mode..
Select Recovery Mode from the list.. Tab to OK and Enter..
type sudo nano /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/pc
correct the errors you remembered and save the changes to the file..
exit..
Resume..

If you don't remember the changes or messed up with the file.. you need to either get the file /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/pc from a working system or from source code and then following above points go to Recovery Mode and then

sudo rm /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/pc
sudo cp /path/to/downloaded-file-named-pc /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/

exit..
resume..

A Similar Case recovery pics from Ubuntu 18.04.3


Upgrade Installation confusion 12.04 to 12.10

Check if sudo apt-get dist-upgrade installs anything. if it didn't work try reinstalling ubuntu-desktop package.


Why is the GRUB menu not shown on startup?

Although Ubuntu 15.04 isn't supported anymore,
that can occur on the supported versions as well.

Open a terminal and execute these commands :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gksu
gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Place a # in front of GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0.

So that it now reads #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0.

Save the change you've made and close the file.

Now execute this command :

sudo update-grub
sudo reboot

Now you should see GRUB with Windows entry.


How to add an existing, external-drive installed, Ubuntu 19.04 to another computer's Windows 10 Boot loader?

I would not expect that it works. When you installed Ubuntu on SSD with your laptop, the install was done specifically for the hardware and configuration of your laptop. Thus it cannot work on your main PC because it has different hardware and configuration. Your main PC is also likely to miss bootloader tricks that was done on your laptop while installing Ubuntu (what you've tried to do manually with bcdedit).

If you wish to boot independently on any of your computers, you can set your external SSD as a live system. There is also the option of making it persistent.

Alternatively and if your SSD is big enough, you could set several partitions on it:

one for laptop system,
one for main PC system,
and one for /home that would be used by both systems.

Then you could install Ubuntu on both computers. You would need to keep the same username in both systems and use the same /home partition. This way you would have the constraint of maintaining 2 distinct systems, but each system would have its drivers, config and bootloader entry, your applications would share the same configurations in the /home and your documents would be available on both systems. You could even take advantage of this and use 2 different flavors e.g. Ubuntu on main PC if more powerful and Xubuntu on laptop or so...


(As of November 2018)

You cannot in 18.04

You can in 16.04...it works, and is fully supported until 2021.

The switch from Unity (16.04) to Gnome (18.04) broke Guest Sessions - several parts of the Gnome stack and AppArmor need to be modified to restore Guest Sessions. It looks to be slow and complex going, and community members with Gnome and/or AppArmor code skills are welcome to join the effort.

Ubuntu developers already know that Guest Sessions is an essential feature for many users. They need skilled help, not reminding.

By coincidence, the Mir team has a fascinating not-ready-for-prime-time kiosk alternative using Snaps and VMs. Skilled community members are welcome to help develop that, too.


Is updating via Update Manager equivalent to updating with apt-get?

Was my desktop activity equivalent to my server activity

Most of the time, yes, the desktop update is equal to apt-get update && apt-get upgrade.

However, apt-get upgrade will not install packages like kernel upgrades that are optional but highly recommended, while Update Manager will. You have to use apt-get dist-upgrade for that, in which case you would have a true equivalent.

If you use apt-get upgrade and kernel upgrades, etc. are available, you will see a message like The following packages have been held back:; that's your cue to run apt-get dist-upgrade if you wish to upgrade those packages.

Note that a number of types of cloud servers do not use their own kernel, but their physical "host" machine's kernel (OpenVZ, vserver, LXC, Xen paravirtualized); other types behave like physical machines themselves (Xen HVM, KVM).


I found a temporary fix for this.

I logged in to Unity and purged all of Pantheon with

sudo apt-get purge elementary-desktop plank midori

and then ran

sudo apt-get autoremove

I then changed Unity's theme to Adwaita and reinstalled Pantheon with

sudo apt-get install elementary-desktop plank midori

On logging into Pantheon again the menus look just fine.

I don't like the rest of Adwaita though, so I will probably remove Pantheon until this bug is fixed.


Installing singularity-container in version 3.3 from a repository

Not really an answer, but my solution:

Install Centos 7 instead if ubuntu 18.04. This has Singularity 3.5.3 on the EPEL repository available.


Ubuntu Software center is not working on ubuntu(With KDE desktop environment)

A temporary workaround to this is launching the software center from command line with superuser privileges:

kdesudo software-center

To fix this issue you should make sure that you got all latest versions of software installed.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

If the problem still persists check the startup applications for the PolicyKit Authentication Agent make sure it is enabled. If it is not available, you should add this line to your startup applications:

polkit-kde-1

This seems to be a known bug that the policy kit authentication agent does not start.

Edit: As @gertvdijk mentioned in comments, of course you should make sure that the PolicyKit agent is installed.

sudo apt-get install polkit-kde-1

Else the startup application entry is useless.


The solution to this turned out to be a little different to what I was expecting. After I asked this question my /tmp directory "corrupted" two more times.

I finally figured out that actually it wasn't corrupt at all. It was just full of an enormous number of files (symlinks actually). So full in fact that ls would hang for a considerable time (over a minute) whilst it was processing the index before it would start doing anything. My system wouldn't boot because part of the start up process is to clear out /tmp, and it was getting stuck at this point. I never got the rm command to return at all even after waiting for a very long period of time. After doing some online research I eventually came across this command:

cd /tmp
sudo find . ! -path . -delete

This seemed to work faster and only took an hour or so!!

That sorted out the /tmp directory. The reason it was filling up was to do with printing. If I attempted to print something then that triggered the problem (although this wasn't immediately obvious as it took a while for /tmp to fill up). However looking at the symlinks that were being created, I noticed that they were all pointing at a ppd file for my printer. I deleted and reinstalled my printer using the hp-setup program (it's an HP printer) - but that didn't solve the problem. However deleting and manually setting up the printer without using hp-setup did. Not sure if this is a problem with hp-setup, my printer driver or cups...but it now works.


Install a list of packages and replace all errors

You can use dpkg to install the list of packages.

First, you need to set the list of selected packages.

sudo dpkg --set-selections < filename

where filename is the name of the file which contains the list of packages.

Then, update and install.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade

This method only adds and upgrades packages, it will not remove packages that do not exist in the list.


Inkscape 0.92 won't open on Ubuntu 16.04

My guess is you may have launched inkscape as root ?  if so now as yourself you may encounter permission errors since root may own temp files cut by inkscape back when you ran it as root

sudo inkscape   #  avoid this ... do NOT do this it may have caused the issue

Possible solution would be to uninstall then re-install

sudo apt-get remove --purge inkscape  # uninstall

sudo apt-get install inkscape

then launch as yourself ... let us know how you get on


VLC 2.2.5 color problem after update in Ubuntu 16.04

Have you tried purging the vlc package and reinstalling it, with:

sudo apt remove --purge vlc -y && sudo apt install vlc -y


How can I sum numbers on lines in a file

bc with a little help from paste to get the lines in a single one with + as the separator:

paste -sd+ file.txt | bc

To use the output of grep (or any other command) instead a static file, pass the grep's STDOUT to the STDIN of paste:

grep .... | paste -sd+ | bc

Example:

% cat file.txt
1
3
4
1
4
3
1
2

% paste -sd+ file.txt | bc
19

% grep . file.txt | paste -sd+ | bc
19

If you must use bash, then you can use an array to save the file contents and then iterate over the elements or you can read the file line by line and do the sum for each line, the second approach would be more efficient:

$ time { nums=$(<file.txt); for i in ${nums[@]}; do (( sum+=i )); done; echo $sum ;}
19

real    0m0.002s
user    0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s

$ time { while read i; do (( sum+=i )); done <file.txt; echo $sum ;}
19

real    0m0.000s
user    0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s


First you will need to replicate the directory structure in the new top directory. Inside the original top directory which contains the .mp4 files run find . -type d >dirs.txt. This will store all directories and their paths in dirs.txt. Then change directory into the new top directory and run xargs mkdir -p <dirs.txt. This will create the same directory structure as orginal.

To change the format and store the files to a different directory run the following command inside the original top directory.

find . -name "*.mp4" -exec bash -c 'var=${1%.mp4}; var=${var#*/};ffmpeg -i "${1#*/}" -vn -acodec libmp3lame -ac 2 -qscale:a 4 -ar 48000 "~/PATH/to/NewTopDIr/$var".mp3' - '{}' \;

Explanation

find . -name "*.mp4" finds all files of .mp4 type. -exec bash -c runs the bash command provided in the succeeding string for each file found. It also passes the filename as variable $1 which can be used in the bash command.

At this point $1 contains something like ./path/file.mp4. To remove the filetype *.mp4 we use var=${1%.mp4} which stores ./path/file to $var. Now we remove the preceding ./ with var=${var#*/} hence the value of $var is path/file.

In the ffmpeg command we get the current file name with ${var#*/} which gives path/file.mp4 and we get the output file with ~/PATH/to/NewTopDIr/$var".mp3 where $var has the value path/file as explained above.


Can uGet downloader be used as downloader for Firefox without Flashgot?

Yes you can.

There is not a uGet specific addon because of the addons already that make this possible but if you don't want to use FlashGot then you can use OpenWith.

OpenWith is designed to open up links in different browsers but you can add uGet instead.

Edited on March 7th, 2014:

The issue that was solved below is no longer an issue with the latest version of FlashGot so if you have an old version just update it and the issue will be fixed.

However, the problem that you have with FlashGot can be solved by adding a new entry in FlashGot and filling it out like the following screenshot.


How to migrate from ext4 to zfs root filesystem with separate ext4 boot partition?

The kernel parameters boot=zfs, bootfs and rpool aren't set correctly by grub ("updates" from ppa:zfs-native/grub are for raring only) and have to be added to /boot/grub/grub.cfg to the linux statement(s) of your choice, see https://github.com/zfsonlinux/pkg-zfs/wiki/HOWTO-install-Ubuntu-to-a-Native-ZFS-Root-Filesystem for details.


I have the same laptop, the slot does work on Ubuntu 12.04, but the OS doesn't seem to find the card when it is inserted. It appears you have 2 options in the short term:

Reboot with the SDcard in the slot.
Do a PCI re-scan

echo 1 | sudo tee /sys/bus/pci/rescan

The bug with the workaround is listed here.


Network indicator panel not showing wired connection

It is by design. See https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=708966 --- the developers decided that having an indicator for a fixed connection was not useful.

For what I deduced, the indicator is back in 3.12, but Ubuntu uses 3.10. (To be exact, 3.10.4).

Other interesting links are http://kasunc.blogspot.com.es/2013/12/workaround-for-wired-network-connection.html, and https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=170967.


Answering to myself because I've fixed it unexpectedly:
If you encounter this problem, try rebooting, enter BIOS Setup, restore default options. Worked for me.


You chose the right file for your fourth generation Intel Core i5 CPU.

The AMD in the Ubuntu ISO file name just means it will run code originally written for the 64-bit AMD processors. Intel adopted that processor design, so when you downloaded the installer, you downloaded the version which will work on either Intel or AMD CPUs.

https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-windows#0 shows you how to make the LiveUSB from the ISO file you downloaded, and https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-install-ubuntu-desktop#0 shows you how to install it.


Change the server location from the software update settings,
prefer your country server for the fast repository get requests,

And then run

sudo apt-get update


Ubuntu 18.04 LTS: libQt5Xml.so.5: cannot open shared object file

It seems that you simply need to install just one package:

sudo apt-get install libqt5xml5


Assigning / partitioning empty disk space

With no consideration for SCSI controllers or volume management - just a disk in a computer...

First find the device name for the disk:

sudo fdisk -l

Let's assume you learn the device name is sda. Next, create a partition:

sudo fdisk /dev/sda

Type p to print a list of existing partitions.
Type m for a list of commands.
Type n to create a new partition
Type p to indicate a primary partition
Press ENTER to accept the default partition number
Press ENTER to accept the default starting sector
Press ENTER to accept the default ending sector
Type p again to print a list of partitions
Is it correct? Type w to write the change.
Type q to quit.

Let's assume the new partition has the device name, sda3, and you want an ext3 filesystem:

sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda3

Let's assume you want to mount in /mnt/backup:

sudo mkdir /mnt/backup

Let's assume you want to automatically mount the file system at boot time:

sudo -e /etc/fstab

Add to the contents of /etc/fstab:

/dev/sda3    /mnt/backup    ext3    defaults    0    1

And then mount it manually because we have not rebooted:

sudo mount /mnt/backup

Success?


The battery indicator in Unity panel not showing up

I'm not sure if Beeju meant Power or Power Manager. In any case, I was able to solve this problem by:

Click on the power button in the top right hand corner select: System Settings... > Power > Show battery status in the menu bar > Change to When battery is charging/in use

Restart, go back to System Settings... > Power a bunch more options are now avaialble.


Installing nvidia graphics card leads to "low graphics mode" A driver problem

First of all nvidia-304-updates is a wrong driver for your card.
Install the correct one this way

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo apt-get install nvidia-346

and reboot. If the adapter still is not detected, try this solution.


How to partition to dual boot alongside Windows 8 installed on a 128GB SSD?

Regarding this you can shrink the volumes od 128GB SSD from disk management and create an unallocated space around 20GB for Ubuntu installation. The 1TB will show in Ubuntu itself as mounted disk and you don't have to change any settings for this.

While restarting click F8 and Select boot from USB. Now while starting the machine will load with the Ubuntu cd in drive. Please select the unallocated space for installing the OS and let the installer to do the remaining things with typical installation. It will create the swap and other partitions. grub writing will taken care by default.

Note : once the OS is installed disable instant boot from bios in win8


Issue with Graphics after removing the upstart from Ubuntu 16.04

Hi I was able to solve this re-installing ubuntu desktop as mentioned in this post.

It says :

  "When the message that "your system is running in low-graphics mode"
  appears, press Ctrl+Alt+F1, then login with your credentials.

  And then, run the following commands:

  sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop sudo reboot"


Searching for App "Presence" written in Vala

Adding a answer for future reference

The Git Repo the user is talking about is found here

Unfortunately, as of writing this repo looks to have been abandoned over 4 years ago.

The last release was presence-0.4.8

The last log update was 2012-09-04

Further References:

https://lists.fedoraproject.org
http://www.mail-archive.com
http://www.rpmfind.net
https://bugzilla.redhat.com
http://www.filewatcher.com


Unable to install mysql-workbench for Ubuntu 19.04

They are on universe repository.

sudo apt-add-repository universe
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mysql-workbench

Worked on my 18.04 box.


Apache2 fails to start after purging and reinstalling

The problem was that there were some apache2-related packages that didn't get purged when I purged apache2, and those seemed to be causing the issue.
I solved it by reinstalling after purging three other apache2 packages that don't get deleted when I only purged apache2.
I'd also like to know why that fixed it, if possible.


Adding physical volumes to LVM partitions - what happens to existing files? And general SSD optimization

What exactly happens if, say, I create a new physical volume on the SSD, and add new physical extents to my existing logical volumes (say, / and /home)? Will files be moved over to the SSD at all?

No

  Is there striping that goes on?

No. Unless you create a new 'stripped' LV. see here

  In general, how do people run Ubuntu on systems with a hard drive and an SSD, for best preformance? Thanks!

I don't know, but since you have a large SSD, I guess you have three options:

Put most everything on the SSD. Use HDD for backups, data not used very frequently and swap space maybe. (This could bring significant speed and battery saving because the HDD will hardly be used.)
Create a 120GB Mirroring RAID from SSD and HDD to use with LVM for most everything. Remaining space on HDD for extra data. (Speeds up reading, not writing.)
Create a 120GB Stripping RAID from SSD and HDD to use with LVM for most everything or used a sripped LV. (Should speed up reading and writing significantly, but actual performance is hard to predict due to the different characteristics of HDD and SSD perfomance.)


Ubuntu server 15.04, Only can boot in Recovery mode (display -UNCLAIMED)

It's probably a graphics card issue.

Try this:

Reboot in recovery mode.
Go to System Settings > Software & Updates > Additional Drivers
Select the driver that matches your graphic card.


Trying to install paho-mqtt using "sudo apt-get install python-pip" leads to TypeError unsupported operand group

pip is the python package manager, it works a lot like apt but for python packages. apt-get install python-pip installs just pip. It does not install any packages. instead try:

pip install paho-mqtt

and if that doesn't work (often doesn't) try

sudo pip install paho-mqtt

You can specify the python version (make sure it's installed before you try to use it ;) )

sudo pip2 install paho-mqtt

or

sudo pip3 install paho-mqtt


GRUB console loading on 2 disk dual boot

It seems you have a mix of UEFI and Legacy installs:

=> Windows 7/8/2012 is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda.
=> Windows 7/8/2012 is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb.

and at the same time an apparently normal ESP (EFI system partition) for Windows/Linux dual boot.

Ubuntu is installed in sdc (not "drive K" - Windows own terminology is irrelevant here), the 2TB HDD, but in UEFI mode you should boot from sda, the 120GB SDD(?).
Make sure you have set the correct boot device at UEFI and then:

You can choose the Windows bootloader as the default in the settings -> Boots directly to Windows; or
You can choose Ubuntu -> Boots to GRUB menu from where you can boot Ubuntu or Windows.

If option 2 boots directly to Ubuntu, open a Terminal, input the following command and reboot:

sudo update-grub


Geolocation coordinates set for Gnome apps are incorrect

Assuming your device has wifi and it’s turn on, and there are at least some wifi signals that reach your location, you can actually fix this problem yourself. Install the Mozilla stumbler app on a GPS equipped device, turn it on, and take a walk around your house and neighborhood. You may have to do this two–three times and wait a day or two, but location triangulation accuracy should improve for you and your neighborhood in general.

If your device can’t scan for wifi signals and you’re falling back to IP based geolocation, your location will be off by quite a bit. In this case, you can either get a USB wifi dongle or a USB GPS receiver to improve accuracy.


Hold down the Alt key, click anywhere on the window and then drag it wherever you want..


Go to the BIOS setup of the EEEPC by hitting esc during boot and set your boot priorities to USB.


I also had this problem, but on different distributions the solution was different.

Solution provided by Anas Elazhar worked well until I switched to Xubuntu:

  Open the file /etc/default/grub using gedit or any other text editor.
  Find below line.

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

  Change above line to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_backlight=vendor"

If it doesn't work for you either try to change acpi_backlight value to video:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_backlight=video"

Also create the file /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/80-backlight.conf but content is slightly different from the file that you created:

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "Intel Graphics"
    Driver      "intel"
    Option      "AccelMethod"     "sna"
    Option      "Backlight"       "acpi_video0"
    BusID       "PCI:0:2:0"
EndSection

If combination acpi_backlight=video with this file doesn't work change acpi_backlight back to vendor.

And do not forget to run sudo update-grub command in terminal every time you change /etc/default/grub!


Which packages do I need to lock to prevent update from 12.04.1 to 12.04.3?

There is no such package. The point releases are just to prevent people from downloading 6, 12, 18 months worth of updates each time they update Ubuntu. If you use a stock 12.04 LTS installation the upgrades will take you there. Point releases are only relevant from "First Installation" point of view, upgrading the system, there are no differences. So, what package you must hold to prevent updates? All of them. The only way to prevent the upgrades to packages you do not want is to hold them all. If you want a certain package installed, you must use the hold version function that comes with APT.

I would suggest you to switch to radeon's drivers if the ATI's privatives do not work. If you want to get a stock 12.04.2 image, you can download it from http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/releases/ .


As per Ubuntu, HP Pavilion dv6 is Ubuntu certified hardware.

Check out the list of HP hardware being certified here.

DV6 is certified by Ubuntu for

Processor: Intel Corporation Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2450M CPU @ 2.50GHz
LAN: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express
Gigabit Ethernet Controller
Chipset:

Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI
Express Root Port 1
Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4
Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 6

GFX dedicated: nVidia Corporation GF108M [GeForce GT 630M]
GFX integrated: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller

So most of the stuff should run out of the box for you. However as @Rinzwind has mentioned, please try using a live CD/USB before installing it on the laptop.

Ubuntu recommends Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS 64-bit as recommended version. Keep in mind the certification notes

  Slow resume from suspend
      This system does not not meet our performance criteria for resuming from suspend, but suspend/resume is functional and other
  functionality is not affected.

===

It seems the Proprietary drivers create problem, so please do the following as mentioned in the thread here.

Install firmware-b43-installer (+ b43fwcutter automatically added)
Uninstall the bcm-kernel-source package
Remove the original Wireless STA driver from Additional Drivers
Reboot

Hope this solves his issues


Technically, gnome-keyring is not a GUI tool. Seahorse is. And gnome-keyring infrastructure can be accessed via command line, using this project.

This is using the Python bindings that Rinzwind mentions in his comment, and using this tool, you can simply do this:

./gkeyring.py get -s myserver.com -p ftp -u user

  This will look for all keyring items concerning server myserver.com
  with protocol ftp and username user.

as mentioned in this blog.


Some suggested enhancements and/or fixes for Open Source AMD Graphics Cards drivers?

If google chrome is having issues using the AMD GPU, it's better to turn of hardware acceleration off in Chrome settings. For me chrome did not render pages correctly, and it was very annoying when you switched tabs or resize windows.

This is how to turn off hardware acceleration. Open Google Chrome and goto Settings. Scroll down to the bottom of the page and click on "Show advanced settings". Simply uncheck 'Use hardware acceleration when available' and restart chrome.


KDE has an Autostart tab in the System Settings. Open it and disable any programs you don't want starting on Desktop launch.


Ubuntu 16.04 Xfce unable to start display setting

I've been bumping into the same "Unable to start the Xfce Display Settings" popup while xrandr --version reports program & server versions 1.5.0 & 1.5, respectively. So this error isn't necessarily related to xrandr versioning.

It appears the presence of any xorg configuration file (/etc/X11/xorg.conf, or in /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/) causes the error during xfce4-display-settings startup.

Remove any xorg config files, log-out, log-back-in, and you should be able to access the xfce display settings as intended.

...the catch is, if you actually need the existing xorg config, its unclear how to write-out/meld changes applied by xfce settings with your own xorg.conf. For example, I need a second xscreen to exist (display=:0.1), but don't want the xfce desktop doing anything to it.
So this is more of a workaround than a solution...


For a definitive answer of what's installed run this:

ls /boot/vm*

If grub menu doesn't agree with the list then run:

sudo update-grub

When you run:

uname -r

It lists the kernel you booted with which isn't always the newest one you might see in advanced options menu.


How to have both libcurl3 and libcurl4 installed at same time?

Eventually, I found better, universal solution for this. A guy on internet created CURL version which supports both CURL3 and CURL4. Available via. PPA. So far it works good. Unfortunately, I'm sure this version of CURL is not well known despite it solves problem which is very common to all Ubuntu users. So, I have to ask to share this knowledge in any form you like or prefer

https://launchpad.net/~xapienz/+archive/ubuntu/curl34


Unable to get NPM to work on Ubuntu 16.04

curl -sSL https://github.com/libuv/libuv/archive/v1.9.0.tar.gz | sudo tar zxfv - -C /usr/local/src
cd /usr/local/src/libuv-1.9.0
sudo sh autogen.sh
sudo ./configure
sudo make
sudo make install
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/src/libuv-1.9.0 && cd ~/
sudo ldconfig


Oracle 11g XE installation problems on Ubuntu 14.04

This is probably an off topic question and really more of a question for the Oracle Community but there are a few things you need to check. First, make sure you set all the environmental variables correctly (such as ORACLE_HOME) something like one of these should show you the path that is currently set but make sure it is correct by doing an ls on whatever the path is shown:

$ /usr/bin/env |grep ORACLE
or use:
$ echo $ORACLE_HOME

Next, you can try to manually start the listener and replace [listenername] with your listenername store in listener.ora (found under $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/ usually):

/usr/lib/oracle/xe/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/server/bin/lsnrctl start [listenername]

Note: the default path is /usr/lib/oracle/xe/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/server/bin/lsnrctl, however yours may be different since your path above is looking for /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin

If you can get the listener started then try to connect using sqlplus:

$ sqlplus
SQL> CONNECT SYS as SYSDBA

I'm guessing if the installation completed without error (you can check the logs) that it's probably just ORACLE_HOME is set wrong but the logs will reveal the kind of specific error messages that will really help you trouble shoot this. Hope this all helps.


If you already reinstalled Ubuntu a few times, then I guess you don't need to upgrade it. You should make a fresh 19.04 installation instead, which is safer than an upgrade.

After fresh installation you should also change /etc/default/grub options, to see more messages and errors on your script while booting the system.

Please edit /etc/default/grub and remove quiet splash flags from GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT.

sudo editor /etc/default/grub

Then repleace:

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

with:

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=""

and update grub with:

sudo update-grub2

Then when you're stuck you can take a picture of your screen with a smartphone, upload it to i.e. imgur.com and share it in your question, if it shows any errors.

Another thing you may want to try is to use nomodeset option for safe graphics option.

How do I set 'nomodeset' after I've already installed Ubuntu?

However as I said it's better to remove quiet splash options, so you can see logs during boot, that may help resolving the problem.


Not sure how to change a line - Crontab script for Spamassassin update fails with the error: unexpected operator

You just need to use a text editor with root permissions

sudoedit /etc/cron.daily/60sa-update

or

sudo nano /etc/cron.daily/60sa-update

Make the change described, and then save the file and exit: for nano, that would be Ctrl+O then Ctrl+X


What is the safest way to run .exe files on Ubuntu GNOME?

There is no (safe or unsafe) way to run .exe files on Linux systems ... "virus-free"" or not ...
.exe files are Windows executables, to run them you have to use wine or a Windows VM.

Maybe you did not setup the Windows VM properly ... it needs a bit of time to learn everything.
I recommend to use KVM or VirtualBox for this purpose, both solutions are available in Ubuntu.

VirtualBox is the most easy application to learn about and use virtualization and qemu (KVM) with virt-manager, which provides a better performance, is better for more advanced users.


Why doesn't the Scanlogic SL11R-IDE USB-to-ATA adapter work?

The problem is that your USB-IDE chipset is very old and known to be broken (buggy) :

Your adapter uses the USB 1.0 Scanlogic (now Cypress Semiconductor) SL11RIDE chipset

This chipset was released sixteen years ago, in 1996-97
The version you have may not even fully support the USB Mass-storage standard, which was only finalized in 1999.

Even within a few years of release, the SL11RIDE was known to be problematic with IDE hard drives (but worked with optical drives): example
Its USB implementation is known to be broken, requiring special fixes in the kernel -- see this Ubuntu bug from 8.10
Upgrading the firmware may work, but there are two problems;

It requires Windows XP or lower
The firmware seems to be unavailable any more (see instructions at page 9 of this PDF)

Simple solution

The simplest solution, therefore, appears to be to purchase a new USB-to-IDE adapter which is relatively cheap. If you can tell us your country of residence, I can try to recommend an available vendor/device which is known to work well with Linux.

Alternative solution: rebuild usb kernel modules after patching "unusual devices" and hope it works

Please add a comment if you need more detailed instructions
Get the Ubuntu kernel source
Change to the linux-3.2.0 directory
In the drivers/usb/storage/unusual_devs.h file, find this part:

UNUSUAL_DEV(  0x04ce, 0x0002, 0x026c, 0x026c,
            "ScanLogic",
            "SL11R-IDE",
            USB_SC_DEVICE, USB_PR_DEVICE, NULL,
            US_FL_FIX_CAPACITY),

and edit it to change the first 0x026c to 0x0000, i.e. the line should read:

UNUSUAL_DEV(  0x04ce, 0x0002, 0x0000, 0x026c,

Then rebuild the USB storage modules and move the .ko files to the appropriate kernel under /lib/modules. This patch allows the unusual "fixes" to apply to all firmware versions of the SL11RIDE, not just firmware versions 2.xxx.


Brightness Notification on Xubuntu Shrunk after Update

I've been doing some testing (and a few reinstalls) I found that this error was not caused by an update, but was first noticed after I rebooted after doing a software update. The cause was an improper use of this fix I used to get the brightness control to adjust. I properly used the fix and now everything is as it should be.


Ubuntu 14.04 brightness shortcut not working

I can't seem to find a solution for this.

But i found a workaround that might include installing a package.

It's a brightness app inspired from original Gnome brightness applet.
Here's more info: http://ubuntuguide.net/add-brightness-control-to-unity-panel

Installing

In terminal run these:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:indicator-brightness/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install indicator-brightness

If the indicator doesn't start on your top bar, you can initiate it from dashboard

Add Keyboard Shortcut

Since function key fn + [whatever up/down for brightness] is not working.

We have to make our own shortcut.

Go to:
System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts

Here, to add use +

Brightness-Up command: /opt/extras.ubuntu.com/indicator-brightness/indicator-brightness-adjust --up

Brightness-Down command: /opt/extras.ubuntu.com/indicator-brightness/indicator-brightness-adjust --down

Click the "Disabled" to assign shortcut key

Done. Until the fix comes.


Is it possible to add actionable GtkWidgets in the menu of an appindicator?

Not for now, as libappindicator is designed to ignore anything more complex than ordinary menu items. It will not give you errors if you try adding actionable widgets, but they will simply not appear.

There are plans to allow more complex widgets in the future, but no predictions of when this will be completed:

How do I add a slider to an AppIndicator?


Connection ADSL PPPoE + 108M Wireless Access Point TP-Link

Unfortunately you can't make pppoe connections over wifi using the network manager. They have logged this as a bug here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/network-manager/+bug/613679

The work around to make pppoe connections over wifi is shown here:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=10595616&postcount=7

Good luck


install problem with Broadcom driver--apparent disk label mismatch

Please get a temporary wired ethernet connection, open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source

If it reports that it's not installed, that's fine, just continue:

sudo apt-get install linux-firmware-nonfree

Detach the ethernet, reboot and give us a report. The firmware is not on the DVD, so apt will likely not ask for it.


How do I collaborate and share presentations, pictures, etc in Ubuntu One?

Their are two options for sharing using Ubuntu One. Their is a 'Share' and a 'Publish' option. Publish is for files and allows you to share that file with anyone via a public URL. 'Share' is for folders and can only be between Ubuntu One users. This is because the Share feature syncs the folder between the two users.

Publish a File

You can share files through a public URL by using the 'Publish' feature. If you are on Ubuntu right-click on a file synced with Ubuntu One and select Ubuntu One > Publish.

Ubuntu One will generate a public URL that you can use to share that file. After it is published right-click on the file and select 'Copy Web Link' to copy the URL to your clipboard.

You can also Publish files using the web interface. Visit https://one.ubuntu.com/files and click 'More' next to the file you want to Publish. This will reveal the publishing options.

Click 'Publish File' and you will then see a Public URL that you can use to share the file.

You can quit publishing the file by clicking 'Stop Publishing'. Once a file is published its name will appear blue in the web interface for easy identification. if you are on Windows you will need to use the web interface to Publish files.

Share a Folder

Ubuntu One gives you the option to 'Share' folders with other Ubuntu One users. In Ubuntu if you right-click on a folder that is synced with Ubuntu One and select Ubuntu One > Share a dialog will pop up asking you for the email of the Ubuntu One user you wish to share the file with.

Use the email that they use with Ubuntu One. The person you are sharing with will receive an email telling them you wish to share a folder with them. You can select to give the people you share with Read only or Read/Write privileges.

You can also Share folders using the web interface. Click 'More' next to the folder you wish to Share. This will reveal the Share options. Click 'Share Folder' to Share the folder with another Ubuntu One user.

A dialog will pop up allowing you to enter the email of the Ubuntu One user you wish to Share with. You will also have the opportunity to select Read or Read/Write privileges for the people you are sharing with. That user will receive an email notifying them that you wish to Share a folder. Once a folder is shared its name will appear in blue in the web interface for easy identification. If you click More next to a folder that you are sharing you will see the email of the people you are sharing with as well as whether or not they have accepted your share or you are waiting on them to accept.

Click 'Stop Publishing' to quit sharing the folder.


Is there a way to have different wallpaper and different launchers/documents in different workspaces?

I don't think there is any way to have different desktops on different workspaces for a simple reason: there is only one folder ~/Desktop (and no other structure of desktops is currently implemented).

P.S. Even having 4 different backgrounds requires some limitations: you won't be able to see any launchers on the desktop (I currently have this configuration, but I do not use desktop launchers anyway).

There is a standard way of doing this (I guess you know that, but just in case):

Make sure you have compiz-fusion-plugins-extra and ccsm (CompizConfig) installed
In CompizConfig find plugin Wallpaper, select wallpapers and check the plugin itself (enable it)
In the Configuration Editor (gconf-editor) uncheck apps>nautlius>preferences>show desktop

This works for both Compiz Cube and Desktop Wall but in both cases you won't see anything besides different wallpapers (no icons, no launchers, no documents etc.)


The problem in this instance was that I was using -x and not -X. Once I did the capital it worked fine!


sudo tail /var/log/nginx/error.log  shows  ".. unix:/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock...", so we think "... php7.0, is it?".

The standard NGINX suggest to use (uncomment) fastcgi_pass... that is very sensitive to the version. Need a comment there (!). But this solution is not ideal, need to control the PHP port (more configs - is it?)...

So changing the 7.0 of the file sites-available/default, at line fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock; to 7.2, solved the problem.


How can I install Windows 7 alongside Ubuntu

Is ubuntu is your primary operating system.Who the partition of your hard disk.If all three partition are logical then you have to remove ubuntu first the install windows .Upload the
$sudo parted -i
So we can tell you step by step how to go through dual booting your computer.


Make sure your BIOS is set to AHCI mode rather than IDE-compatibility mode. I know that Intel ICH8 are truely hotswappable wrt drives.

I believe you will have to re-read the partition table. You can tell the OS to re-read the table using he partprobe command:

manjo@hungry:~$ partprobe --help
Usage: partprobe [OPTION] [DEVICE]...
Inform the operating system about partition table changes.

  -d, --dry-run    do not actually inform the operating system
  -s, --summary    print a summary of contents
  -h, --help       display this help and exit
  -v, --version    output version information and exit

When no DEVICE is given, probe all partitions.

Report bugs to <bug-parted@gnu.org>.

or you can try ... echo 1 > /sys/block/sdc/device/rescan (not sure of that though).

I think even without re-reading the partition table your should be able to detect new drives, but you run the risk of it not working right.


Software Sources not found in Unity Dash Search

First copy the software sources desktop file to your local applications folder:

mkdir -p ~/.local/share/applications
cp /usr/share/applications/software-properties-gtk.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/

Edit the file:

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/software-properties-gtk.desktop

change the line NoDisplay=true to NoDisplay=false

Save, logout and login.


Which should I use on HP machine with AMD phenom x3: 32-bit or 64-bit?

Try installing preload and prelink. they are both in the default repositories. Check out this guide for prelinking: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=74197


How to lock screen when mouse is moved to right-bottom corner?

The simple tools to get mouse position is xdotool just install first and follow steps:

sudo apt-get install xdotool

then we are useing xdotool getmouselocation --shell to see the current position of mouse: the result will be something like this:

X=845
Y=447
SCREEN=0

or by running eval $(xdotool getmouselocation --shell) will put the position into shell variables X, Y and SCREEN. After that, we can access these variables with this:

echo $X $Y $SCREEN

Well now we need a while loop to check mouse position on every time:

while true
  do
    [get mouse position]
    [if position =bottom-right corner then lock screen]
  done

ok so our scripts would be like this:

#! /bin/sh
while true
  do
    eval $(xdotool getmouselocation --shell)
    if [ $X -ge 1919 -a  $Y -ge 1079 ]; then
        gnome-screensaver-command -l
    fi
  done

save script named "lock.sh" in your home directory and run it by sh lock.sh and move your mouse to the bottom-right corner and see the result. cool!

explain:

We combine conditions by using certain operators. For the single-bracket syntax that we’ve been using so far, “-a” used for and. and “-o” for or. Example:

if [ $foo -ge 3 -a $bar -ge 10 ]; then

The above condition will return true if $foo contains an integer g reater than or e qual to 3 (-ge 3) and also $bar contains an integer g reater than or e qual to 10. then run lock screen command line gnome-screensaver-command -l


I too had the same error. The libz.so.1 was missing.

Fixed this by

sudo apt-get install lib32z1


With the move from static PyGTK bindings to the dynamic GObject-introspection, you'll have to use the C-docs.

Here are the WebKit docs.

It might take some time to grasp how to translate these into Python, but it is the most complete documentation you'll find.

For example:

webkit_web_view_can_go_forward -> WebKit.WebView.can_go_forward
WEBKIT_LOAD_FINISHED -> WebKit.LoadStatus.FINISHED


Ubuntu 18.04.2 boot stuck on purple screen after updates

Well I also have a Asus ZenBook UX433FA doing this issue, I was running 18.10 and did apt-get upgrade last night and broke the system.
I've since used this method livecd recovery to upgrade to 19.04 still no luck with booting.
Have multiple kernels installed none of which will get past the "loading initial ramdisk".
While using the above i installed kernel v5.1 with ukuu no luck either and threw errors about dkms for nvidia driver incompatible with kernel version.
Edit DMESG log
Managed to get the dmesg from a partial boot here
boot-repair log info here occasionally it will boot with errors, unsure of what info or how to gather info on these occasions though to help with debug.
Just a side note windows hadn't been loaded for about a month prior to this.
I know this should probably be a comment but I don't have enough credit.

Edit 2

For anyone having a similar problem, try booting with microcode updates off:
add dis_ucode_ldr to the kernel command line (from GRUB if you cannot boot)
can confirm this allows for boot.


Unable to install apache2 on Ubuntu 14.04

Trying switching your mirror.

You can use something like "Software sources" or "Software & Updates". You should see a tab called Ubuntu Software. On that tab is a drop-down list titled "Download from". Change your mirror to somewhere else that is close to you, or if you have already changed the location change it to main USA server). This works for me when I have trouble with apt-get updating properly.


Can I run Ubuntu Studio on a server or must I only run Ubuntu server?

A server is just a computer. As Free Software, there are no legal restrictions on where you can install a given distribution of Ubuntu. Given that the major difference between Ubuntu Server and Desktop is not the kernel but just the set of applications installed, you should have no trouble running Ubuntu on compatible server hardware.

Multiple CPU cores will only speed up software that is optimized to utilise multiple cores, so it depends on the software you will be running, but you will be able to run multiple applications simultaneously with less slowdown at the least.

For video editing, a combination of fast discs and processor power is probably the desired combination - but I'm no expert on this topic.


How can I print to DjVu file as we do create PDF?

You can checkout this script by Novell:

http://www.novell.com/coolsolutions/tools/18551.html


Usually these kind of things are best done from the command line

put the example below in a new file under /etc/cron.daily/
and chmod +x filename ,  for it to be executable so that it can be automatically run
on on a daily basis.

lftp -e 'put /home/path/yourfile.tar; bye' -u user,password ftp.theserver.com

the -e command is to allow you to enter a series of commands.
The commands to be run are declared within the ' '  signs,
in this example two commands are run in succession each command is separated by the ; sign. The first command uploads a file, the second command disconnects from the ftp server once the upload is complete.

If one would want to add an additional command, for example to browse to a another folder simply add  the change directory command  , "cd folder1/folder2;" in our example the new command would look like this:

lftp -e 'cd folder1/folder2; put /home/path/yourfile.tar; bye' -u user,password ftp.theserver.com

lftp can take script files as input allowing you to create separate files with commands for it to execute when using the -f option if you feel like having the commands run my lftp separated into a specific file.

if you want to see what commands are available this can be help
for generic ftp commands. Commands specific for lftp can be found in the lftp man page


Typically if there is

no setting for this in the Chrome settings pages,
no suitable extension in the Web Store,
no suitable experimental flag in about:flags page, or
no suitable command-line switch

there is usually nothing you can do about it.


What are the options for audio equalizers in Ubuntu 15.10?

The PulseAudio-Equalizer is the best for Unity and Gnome desktop environment. It has 15-band Graphic Equalizer with many presets available and it's completly integrated with Audio-Indicator on system tray of Ubuntu 15.10 Wily Werewolf and also with VLC media player and Popcorn Time.

To install, just follow the steps below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install pulseaudio-equalizer


How to create a bash scrip that calls other scripts depending on commandline swith

#!/bin/bash

function show_help() {
    cat << ENDHELP
-a you can do stuff like that.
-b you can do stuff like that.
-c this is extremely fancy stuff.
ENDHELP
}

case $1 in
    --help)
        show_help
    ;;
    -a)
        sudo /path/to/other/script
    ;;
    -b)
        do_some_stuff
        do_another_stuff
    ;;
    -c)
        do_extremely_fancy_stuff
        do_another_extremely_fancy_stuff
        run_as_many_commands_as_you_want
    ;;
    *)
        echo "Run $0 --help"
    ;;
esac

$0 is the script name.
$1 is the first command line argument, $2 is the second, and so on.

Read bash manpage for reference.


Is putting files in a HDD with NTFS which is part of a Windows system dangerous?

There is minimal risk to the other windows systems by mounting the drive(s) in Ubuntu and then copying data to/from them.  There is somewhat more risk to the specific partitions you're mounting, and if they're not the other Windows' system partitions, then it won't impact the specific Windows systems themselves. Consider that this is something done regularly for large-size hard drives that aren't Mac OS formatted (HFS, HFS+, etc.) but were NTFS formatted from the factory.

Note however that you need to make sure that you properly unmount the drives before connecting them to Windows (or disconnecting them from Ubuntu) to avoid issues with improper filesystem errors on NTFS, etc.  However, if you eject drives properly (or just 'shut down' normally), then it will properly unmount and as such not introduce issues.


That file is provided by the libmpfr4 package, which can be installed by opening a terminal (press Ctrl+Alt+T) and running:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libmpfr4

If it says the package is already installed, you can try:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libmpfr4


You have to add "then" after second "elif".

...
elif [ $? -eq 2 ]
then
echo “Jawaban CONTINUE”
...


dpkg -i --force-overwrite /var/cache/apt/archives/libgdal_1.8.1-1_amd64.deb
apt-get -f install


Unable to start VMWare player after upgrade to 13.04

In my case, I also encountered errors during installation of vmware player (some weird encoding things), I guess because 13.04 is not yet officially supported from vmware.

Anyway, apart from uninstalling and reinsta1lling, in my case closing vmware and executing this at a terminal prompt:

sudo vmware-modconfig --console --install-all

was also a valid workaround after, for instance, kernel security updates.


Mouse and Keyboard don't work from Shutdown, do work from Restart

i set "Enabled" the option LaunCMS, then i changed the boot to Legacy only(old-fashion way), and re-install Ubuntu.

This last its because the ubuntu installation under UEFI boot disappeared from boot list, when i choose the Legacy Bios option


I believe there is currently no way to reduce the size seen by the guest OS, see

https://superuser.com/questions/469780/virtualbox-reduce-max-size-of-dynamic-vdi-hard-disk
https://superuser.com/questions/716649/how-to-change-fixed-size-vdi-with-modifyhd-command-in-windows

So what can you do? My best advice for a newbie would be to

back-up the files you need
create a new virtual machine with a smaller disk
copy the files back
once you are sure that you have all the files you need on the new machine, delete the old machine and and its disk image

Alternatively, you could mount the old drive in the new machine, and from there copy back the files you need.

However, I would not advise doing this if you don't understand what you are doing. There are files that depend on the disk configuration, which would make the machine unusable if overwritten with bad configuration.

For example, the file /etc/fstab uses so called UUIDs to identify disks, which will be different for your new drive.


What is the simplest command line instruction in Ubuntu to export a directory file list to a text file?

Maybe this will help you:

  cjm answer on unix.stackexchange.com:

I think you're looking for otfinfo. There doesn't seem to be an option to get at the Subfamily directly, but you could do:

otfinfo --info *.ttf | grep Subfamily

Note that a number of the fonts I looked at use "Oblique" instead of "Italic".

Link to the original question & answer.


On this page

http://lwn.net/Articles/408428/

via this page

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20372544/what-is-the-significance-of-queue-rotational-in-linux

It says that there's a kernel parameter you can pass to set it. You'll have to figure out which one though. Once you do, edit /etc/default/grub accordingly.

FWIW, it's not the end of the world if your box things your ssd is an hdd. It just means the kernel will spend a little more cpu trying to avoid seeks. seeks are cheap for ssds, so this doesn't matter, but you should still get most of the benefit of an ssd whether the kernel knows it or not.


If you would want full and proper xorg.conf file (tested on Ubuntu 12.10):

Switch to console mode: Ctrl+Alt+F1
Kill x server:

sudo service lightdm stop

Generate new xorg.conf file:

sudo X -configure

This will create xorg.conf.new file in your current directory.
Rename and move:

sudo mv xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Return to GUI:

sudo start lightdm

taken from Linux Mint forums (go to point 3. In Mint, xorg.conf is not present by default...)


Workaround:

Run:

gconf-editor /apps/update-manager

Clear the value in key "check_new_release_ignore"

Run:

killall -r check-new-release-gtk
/usr/lib/update-manager/check-new-release-gtk

Result:

The update-manager window is probably missing the show_uri (webkit.webview). Looking at update-manager on 11.10, it has a DistUpgradeFetcher.py (showReleaseNotes) that falls back to text for some reason (maybe something in ReleaseNotesViewer.py ?).

Please file a bug report about it:

ubuntu-bug update-manager


Your wireless is soft-blocked. I assume the wireless switch or key combinaton is not working. Please open a terminal and do:

sudo -i
echo "options asus_nb_wmi wapf=4" > /etc/modprobe.d/asus_nb_wmi.conf
exit

Reboot and let us know if it's working.


My hunch is that you're running into problems with the signature on your copy of Shim. This is a problem I've encountered before with some EFIs; they're sometimes finicky and don't like signed binaries that are just fine on other computers. Specifically, I've seen this problem with an ASUS P8H77-I motherboard -- but other brands and models may be subject to the same problem, as well.

If I'm right, you have basically two options:

Disable Secure Boot.
Find another (possibly older) Shim program and use it.

The first option is pretty self-explanatory and you've obviously discovered it already. For the second, there are probably at least a dozen Shim binaries floating around with Microsoft signatures. One that's never given me troubles, but that's old, is Matthew Garrett's signed Shim 0.2. To use it, you should overwrite the shimx64.efi and MokManager.efi binaries in /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu with the ones from the archive you find. When you reboot, you'll probably be greeted by an ugly text-mode file selector (MokManager) that makes an Apple II's user interface look sophisticated. Use it to select a Canonical certificate file. This file is available in some Ubuntu package or other, but I don't recall which one. For convenience, I've collected several together for my own rEFInd program; see here for the individual files. You need the canonical-uefi-ca.der file, and it should be stored on the ESP (under /boot/efi in Ubuntu) so that MokManager can read it. Once you enter the Canonical signature file and exit from MokManager, the system might hang, reboot, boot into Windows, or boot into GRUB. The next time you boot, though, everything should work normally.

Using an older Ubuntu Shim package is likely to be a little easier, since you won't have to use MokManager. You'll need to track down an appropriate package, install it, and possibly copy the grubx64.efi and MokManager.efi files, as just described. Be sure to keep copies of those files somewhere safe, though; if my hypothesis is correct, the package manager is likely to try to upgrade Shim and replace your files with the broken version.

It's unlikely that the case difference you've observed is important. The ESP (mounted at /boot/efi in Ubuntu) uses FAT, which is a case-retentive but case-insensitive filesystem. In other words, ubuntu and Ubuntu are identical to FAT. OTOH, maybe your firmware has a case-sensitivity bug that interacts with the Secure Boot setting. That seems a bit far-fetched, but stranger things have happened.


Can't boot Windows 7 from USB, GRUB still there

I'm pretty sure that the problem is your burned USB for Windows. Maybe try to burn a new one by using the official application provide by Microsoft named Windows USB/DVD Download Tool.

And just a trick: you could try your usb key to see if it's bootable by testing it on a Virtualbox's VM. To do that when you start a VM on the first seconds you see the text "press F12 to select the boot device". You certainly  need to boot a first time to mount the USB on the VM by going on Devices > Usb > NAMEOFYOURUSB. Then, you shutdown/start to press F12 the second time.


I have just one OS in my laptop, why Have I 3 partitions?

Your system is installed to /dev/sda1.

/dev/sda2 is a fat32 partition that could be used for efi, but the system is not installed in UEFI mode.

/dev/sda3 is an extended partition that contains /dev/sda5. The latter is not mounted anywhere. It can be used for additional storage, etc.

This is kind a weird installation.

Nothing will work faster if you remove the /dev/sda5 partition, you can use it.


Where are the system-wide proxy server settings?

For 12.04:
Well, there is already an answer very similar to what I was going to post, but I will post mine too just to make it more clear.
From Ubuntu 11.04 onwards, it's known fact that there have been many changes to Network Settings in Ubuntu. Of course, many people who wanted proxy authentication (like me) had to work a little hard to get it. So, this new short guide is for those who need Proxy settings (with/ without authentication).
Note: In the Screenshots below my Ubuntu is a little bit customized, so the icons may look different in your system.
First of all, either click on the launcher icon (or press super) and it opens Unity panel. Now search for Network, and it will show you some results like this:

Select the first one that says Network.
It will open the Network settings window.
The same can also be opened by searching for System Settings in the Unity and clicking on Network in it like it's shown below:

After the Network Settings window pops up, click on Network Proxy on left like it's shown here:

Now, select Manual on the right and enter the proxy address for each type of server. Let's say that I have a Proxy server at address 172.27.1.1 at port number 5321. The proxy settings would look like this:

Now, if you need authentication to access the proxy, type your username and password as shown below:

Lastly, click on Apply System Wide to apply the settings system wide. This will pop up a one or two authentication windows like shown below.

Enter your password to set the settings and that's it... the System Proxy settings are all set and your Ubuntu is ready to use them!!


Why is a .Trash-1000 hidden folder created when I try to delete files from a mounted MicroSD card?

Yeah it is normal if you want to delete it forever, use

shift+ delete

Linked questions

Why does deleting a file on a USB stick not free up space?
How to delete files bypassing trash


If you don't want to setup a git server, simply do a bundle of your repo on your old laptop.

cd  /repos/git/job.git
git bundle create /repos/git/job.bundle --all

That will generate one file job.bundle, that you can copy (through any mean you want: USB key, ...) onto your other server.

Once copied, you can clone from that bundle (which acts as a git repo):

git clone --bare job.bundle  /repos/git/public.git


Install Boot Up Manager

sudo apt-get install bum

and disable the service from Boot Up Manager.


Your parted output suggests you've got a partition table problem, or at least an issue that libparted (which is used both by the text-mode parted program and the Ubuntu partitioner) is interpreting as a partition table problem. The "Invalid or incomplete multibyte or wide character" message suggests that parted is having problems interpreting the partition name, which is officially a UTF16-encoded name. Unfortunately, the last time I checked, parted didn't do proper UTF-16 encoding or decoding of partition names; instead, it tried to interpret them as a sort of modified ASCII -- or in practice, a modified UTF-8. This could lead to problems if a real UTF-16 partition name used non-ASCII characters, since they might then look like gibberish when interpreted as a modified UTF-8. Since libparted is very sensitive to errors and offers little in the way of corrective tools, the result is an error, as both parted and the Ubuntu installer demonstrate.

If I'm right (and I'm far from certain that I am), you should be able to correct the problem as follows:

Boot into the Ubuntu (or any other Linux) rescue disk.
If necessary, download and install GPT fdisk (gdisk). It's available as the gdisk package in Ubuntu.
Type sudo gdisk /dev/sda to launch gdisk on your problem disk.
Type v to verify the disk's data structures. If gdisk reports any problems, it could be that parted was reacting to some problem other than the partition name, and that may need to be dealt with instead of (or at least before) proceeding with the below steps.
Type p to view your partition table. Look for any non-ASCII characters in the "Name" column.
Type c to change the name of any partition that has a strange name. You'll be asked for a partition number and a new name. Repeat this for as many partitions as necessary (up to all of them).
Type p to review your partition table to be sure everything looks sane.
If everything looks good, type w to save your changes and exit from gdisk.

If my suspicion is correct, you should now be able to proceed with Ubuntu installation. If I'm correct, this is a libparted bug, which should be reported to Ubuntu and/or to the libparted developers. Recording the names of all your partitions for inclusion in your bug report is worth doing.


how to increase maximum open files for memcached service

In the memcache config set the max open connections using:

-c 10240

You can check if this is actually necessary or not by checking on listen_disabled_num when running:

echo stats | nc localhost 11211

You should see that value above 0 if max connections are an issue.


How can I install any package in a particular directory with apt-get?

You can use dpkg instead of apt-get which will give you more options.
One of the option is to specify an installation directory. You can execute sudo dpkg -i file.deb --instdir=destdir where destdir is your desired installation directory.


Ubuntu 16 Samba server with Windows 10 client - Tutorial/Howto

First, if you made any changes to an existing samba configuration, revert them, or delete the /etc/samba/smb.con and uninstall samba.

I assume your Ubuntu server username is peterlustig and the Ubuntu server IP is 192.168.2.42.

sudo apt-get install samba
sudo cp -pf /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.bak Just backup your config
sudo mkdir /myshares- what you want to share via Samba
sudo chown peterlustig:peterlustig /myshares
sudo chmod 777 /myshares or experiment with lower rights, I havn't done that yet
sudo smbpasswd -a peterlustig Adds the user peterlustig to the Samba database and activates it. (Usually different password than peterlustig in Ubuntu itself. The password is what you need to enter later when connecting with the Windows 10 client to the server, step 10)
sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf And add the following to the bottom of the file:

# Samba share for Windows clients
[my-shared-folder-name]
path = /myshares
available = yes
valid users = peterlustig
read only = no
browseable = yes
public = yes
writable = yes

sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart restart your server and reload the config
If you use the ufw Firewall, you need to configure it. E.g. I allow only 192.xxx.xxx.xxx hosts to access my Samba shares, so I entered: sudo ufw allow from 192.0.0.0/8 to any app Samba
In the Windows 10 client, open a Windows Explorer and enter the IP address of your host: \\192.168.2.42. Now you should see your shared folder named my-shared-folder-name from step 8 in the [] brackets. Open it. Now you need to enter your credentials, i.e. username peterlustig and the password you entered in step 6.

You can even map it as Windows network drive. Address will be \\192.168.2.42\my-shared-folder-name, and don't forget to enable using different credentials (than your Windows 10 user provides) and enter peterlustig and password from step 6 there.

Hope this helped anyone. Happy sharing!


What measurements can I take to prevent an ubuntu update from rendering my laptop useless?

I have never used lvm. It sounds really great. Barring something like that or a filesystem like xfs or maybe btrfs, try the following.

Bear in mind that my experience is with desktop systems and things involving servers may be a bit different.

It ain't pretty, but you can always boot a live CD and use a tool like partimage, dump, or even tar or rsync to copy your entire root and home partitions to another partition, preferably on another drive, but you have to do this before you run your updates or anything else breaks.

Note the use of a live CD (or another Linux running from another partition, etc.) because root and, very often, home get updated all the time on a live system and you want a copy of all the files frozen at the same moment in time so they all agree with each other.

This can be optimized a bit if you know of things that don't change or don't matter and exclude them from the backups - things like caches, /tmp (in most cases), and, especially, .thumbnails. (And if you're going file by file - like with rsync or tar, skip /sys and /proc because they aren't "real" filesystems anyway. In most cases, you can also skip lost+found on each partition. On /home, most of what matters in this case are config files - usually in hidden directory trees which start with $HOME/.rest of path  (The . makes the directories invisible to most commands and programs unless you tell them to look for files/directories like that.)

Since most updates won't scramble your system, you don't need a full backup like this before every one of them. Just make sure your backup is recent enough to be functional and that your current data files are either on their own partition - safely out of the way - or much more fully backed up.

If you go the full backup route, there are tools like rsync and things built on top of it which use hard links to make subsequent full backups based on an original backup, but which essentially only take up additional space for files that have actually changed content since the original or last backup.

As alluded to above, it's almost always a good idea to store /home on its own separate partition. That mostly insulates it from upgrade issues like having to restore / from a backup. Only the configuration files and any file format or new content changes have to be dealt with. (Programs like Firefox and Thunderbird seem to change almost all their files very frequently.)

I don't see anybody else talking about it, but I partition a new system with two roots and two homes (pairs of live and backup, around 30GB each), swap, and whatever is left goes into a big data partition - which is almost immune to update issues and can be fully backed up and restored at any time on my live system as long as I stop any applications that might be writing to it.

If you make backups this way, you can (almost) just switch to the backups (in your boot menu, e.g. grub) and start running again without doing anything else. (You do have to point the fstab entry for /home in your backup root partition to the partition where the backup of /home is.)

This also gives you the option of switching to your backup immediately so you can continue getting work done - possibly with the option of keeping the broken versions around to see if you can diagnose or fix them when time permits.


Installing Asus USB-AC56 Adapter on Ubuntu 17.10

With a working internet connection by ethernet, tether or whatever means possible, I suggest that you do:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install rtl8812au-dkms
sudo modprobe 8812au

  Makefile:1622: recipe for target 'modules' failed

In the case of the driver you attempted to compile, if the process fails at 'make,' then all further steps will fail as well.

EDIT: Let’s try a different driver package. First, remove the package that won’t compile:

sudo apt purge rtl8812au-dkms

Next, do:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install git
git clone https://github.com/gnab/rtl8812au.git
sudo cp -r rtl8812au  /usr/src/rtl8812au-4.2.2
sudo dkms add -m rtl8812au -v 4.2.2
sudo dkms build -m rtl8812au -v 4.2.2
sudo dkms install -m rtl8812au -v 4.2.2

Reboot and tell us if the wireless is working.


Brightness stuck at 100% on an Acer Aspire 5742Z

What usually works with this problem is the following
press ctrl + alt + T to start a terminal
type:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

find the line that says

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

change it to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor"

run

sudo update-grub

reboot

if that doesn't work try this

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_backlight=vendor acer_laptop.backlight=0"


Where is bash's "shopt extglob" turned on for my interactive shell?

On my 14.04 VM, I found it in /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion:

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ grep extglob /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
shopt -s extglob progcomp
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$

This is sourced by ~/.bashrc:

# enable programmable completion features (you don't need to enable
# this, if it's already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile
# sources /etc/bash.bashrc).
if ! shopt -oq posix; then
  if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
    . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
  elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then
    . /etc/bash_completion
  fi
fi

This can be figured out by running bash -x, which shows all sourced startup files and their commands.   Run script -c "bash -x", then exit in the new interactive shell, then examine the typescript file output from script:

+ . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion

...

++ shopt -s extglob progcomp

The +'s indicate the level of sourced file, so when we look one level up from the shopt command, we see /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion is sourced.


I got it to work

Here was my fix. (sorry i do not have images, I do not know how yet)
1. Go to software updater and click on "settings" then select the "additional drivers" tab. Make sure the correct driver in selected...On my computer it is "X.org X server..." driver.

Go to "Ubuntu Software Center" type "xorg" in the search bar and install the "NVidia binary X.Org driver"
Go back to display and deselect the mirror option and it should work.

Additionally when I was using 12.04 I followed step 1 above but for step 2 would have to install the "ATI binary X.Org driver" found by typing "ATI" into the softwear center and then step 3. would to search  applications by typing "amd" and tweaking the amd catalyst settings.

I hope that this helps, it worked for me.


Crackling sound from microphone recently, in 13.04

I just had the same issue you did and even created a bug report at https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pulseaudio/+bug/1247280.

You can see if the culprit is PulseAudio by not using it and just using ALSA with arecord.

Try arecord test on the CLI, the press ctrl + c to stop recording. Then playback with aplay test and see if crackling is present.

I just did this and then changed my /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf from options snd-hda-intel position_fix=1 to options snd-hda-intel position_fix=2, rebooted and did the arecord and I have clear audio now.

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Audio/PositionReporting