I believe you have to win a contest yourself -

"The best of the community submissions (selected by a panel made up of previous release winners) will ship as part of the stock Ubuntu 14.10 desktop"

found at the last contest.

As to where, I'm guessing that's something you find out when you qualify - I don't know because I haven't :)


As far as I have been able to determine 12 is the minimum pstate for your processor (or 1200000 KHz).
You can check for yourself by reading the MSR_PLATFORM_INFO register and parsing the bits yourself. Here is an example for my processor, where my minimum pstate is 16:

$ sudo modprobe msr
$ sudo rdmsr --bitfield 47:40 -d -a 0xce
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16

What windows is doing, I wouldn't know.
As for your heat issues, I doubt that minimum clock frequency is the root issue. Have a look at graphics power consumption.


Ubuntu 18.04 boot error. Unable to display, GUI isn't working but CLI is

it doesn't seem xhost(GUI) thing, but seems more like there is bad sector in boot-sector. this did magic. just, make new bootable-usb of the same ubuntu version.Then, boot up the pc with both the bad pendrive and newly made bootable-usb plugged in.This(bootable-usb) guides you to Install or Savemode.and choose Savemode.Now you see the friendly used-to normal screen of ubuntu.Then use aplication called

BOOTREPAIR

just double click and run it.This repairs your bad sector of boot-sector in the pendrive.Then shutdown PC.Making sure to plug out newly made bootable-usb and Finaly, plugin the pendrive and boot. that's it!!!


Remove smtpd_use_tls=yes , and put the following lines instead:

smtp_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_tls_security_level = may


How to switch keyboard input language through ssh terminal on the remote machine? (Alt-Shift analog for ssh)

Generally this should work without a hitch - change the local input language, then the remote machine should receive the characters which a local machine would receive. It looks like the problem here is one of encoding or characters missing in the font; the file name, either when typed or when printed with ls or other commands, is displayed in an encoding/font which doesn't support the characters you've entered (hence the question marks). Check the encoding settings in PuTTY and verify that it's set to something compatible with Greek (UTF-8 should work).


How to resolve disk space problem in Ubuntu while using apt-get -f install?

Run second terminal CTRL+ALT+T or go to the first console CTRL+ALT+F1 and in there type:

du ~ -h|sort -r -n|less

at the top of your screen you will see the biggest files first trough whole you /home folder and all subfolders. You can delete some files and free space. Then continue with installation with apt-get install:

-f fix broken packages
-r remove packages
--reinstall says for itself

or with apt-get purge is identical to remove except that packages are removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted too).


Ubuntu Touch Welcome Screen Does not display correctly on Raspberry Pi 4

The Raspberry Pi port of Ubuntu Touch is merely experimental, still pretty much under development, not really supported, as you can see on the port status page, you shouldn't expect it to be usable.


Ping option to know whether net is not in a proper way

See man ping

-c count

Stop  after  sending  count  ECHO_REQUEST packets. With deadline
option, ping waits for count ECHO_REPLY packets, until the time‐
 out expires.

$ ping www.google.nl -c 5
PING www.l.google.com (66.102.13.104) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from ez-in-f104.1e100.net (66.102.13.104): icmp_req=1 ttl=53 time=18.4 ms
64 bytes from ez-in-f104.1e100.net (66.102.13.104): icmp_req=2 ttl=53 time=18.8 ms
64 bytes from ez-in-f104.1e100.net (66.102.13.104): icmp_req=3 ttl=53 time=15.1 ms
64 bytes from ez-in-f104.1e100.net (66.102.13.104): icmp_req=4 ttl=54 time=16.8 ms
64 bytes from ez-in-f104.1e100.net (66.102.13.104): icmp_req=5 ttl=54 time=19.6 ms

--- www.l.google.com ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4005ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 15.133/17.781/19.660/1.615 ms


If you want to see the dock at all times..
here is the workaround..

Don't turnoff the Auto-hide feature as you mentioned in the Question.

locate the dash-to-dock extension direcotry, it could be either in $HOME/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/ or /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/

open the file intellihide.js, in my case it is

$HOME/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dash-to-dock@micxgx.gmail.com/intellihide.js

at line number 105 (this._isEnabled = true;) # Change the value to false

enable: function() {
    this._isEnabled = false;
    this._status = OverlapStatus.UNDEFINED;
    global.get_window_actors().forEach(function(wa) {
        this._addWindowSignals(wa);
    }, this);
    this._doCheckOverlap();
},

save the file & close.
refresh the gnome-shell with Alt+F2 type r and press Enter


I had the same issue with Canon PIXMA MP230 after upgrading from 15.04 to 15.10.
Worked after installing the following Debian driver from Canon Website and adding the printer again in Ubuntu Printers:

http://support-asia.canon-asia.com/contents/ASIA/EN/0100465901.html

cd Downloads
tar -zxvf cnijfilter-mp230series-3.80-1-deb.tar.gz
cd cnijfilter-mp230series-3.80-1-deb
sudo ./install.sh


After install, LCD monitor is booted in unsupported frequency so I can't see the boot menu (GRUB)

Are you dual-booting or is this a single OS install, Because if this is a single OS install then the GRUB menu doesn't show unless you hold down the shift key after the computer posts. So if this is the case and you can get to the GRUB menu while holding shift then you can boot into recovery mode with safe graphics to help further troubleshoot the problem.


Chrome loads my local hosted website as https instead of http resulting an error (started happening after an ubuntu update)

If you navigate to the article posted in the superuser post, the tl;dr explains it:

  tl;dr: Chrome 63 (out since December 2017), will force all domains ending on .dev (and .foo) to be redirected to HTTPS via a preloaded HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) header.

So your only solutions are to either change to something other than the .dev TLD, or create a certificate and implement HTTPS in your virtual host configuration for local development.

In order to explain why that's your only solution, I'll need to start with what HSTS means and how it works.

HSTS in General

HSTS is a relatively new HTTP header, which when set, tells browsers that the next time someone navigates to the domain, only access it using HTTPS without the need for any server-side redirection.

For example, let's consider that you navigated to http://example.com. In the response headers, you receive the following:

Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000

This header tells the browser that, for the next year (31536000 seconds), when the user accesses http://example.com, redirect that URL to https://example.com locally without the need of any server redirects. And only then, access the site with https://example.com.

HSTS for subdomains

The previous is only valid for a single domain. So for example, if you try to access http://subdomain.example.com, the site would work without any redirects.

To solve this, the previous header should be changed to:

 Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains

Now, even if you never accessed any subdomains of example.com, the browser will ALWAYS redirect subdomains to https before making a request.

HSTS preloading

The final step is to fix one last issue. The first time you ever access a site, you would still be accessing it using HTTP, which would redirect you to HTTPS and send you the HSTS header. The previous isn't secure, and still a security issue.

To solve this, major browsers use Chrome's HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) preload list to hardcode domains that can only be accessed with HTTPS. You can find the submission form here: https://hstspreload.org/

The only modification you need to do before submitting your domain is to modify your header so it caches in browsers for at least 2 years, and add the preload option to it.

Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=63072000; includeSubdomains; preload

After you submit your domain, and once a new version of Chrome is released (or any other browser implementing Chrome's HSTS preload list, and not necessarily the next version), your domain will be hardcoded into Chrome as HTTPS-only.

HSTS preloading for TLDs

Owners of a TLD are allowed (and encouraged) to submit their whole TLD for HSTS preloading.

  Owners of gTLDs, ccTLDs, or any other public suffix domains are welcome to preload HSTS across all their registerable domains. This ensures robust security for the whole TLD and is much simpler than preloading each individual domain.

And since Google owns the .dev TLD, they did just that. So now all *.dev domains will only work in HTTPS under Chrome. And since most browsers use the same preload list, those browsers will stop working as well.

If you search the list of preloaded domains (CAUTION: The page is over 40MB and will take a while to render. So your computer might freeze if it isn't powerful enough!), you can find that the TLDs are preloaded: google, dev, foo, page, app, chrome.

// eTLDs
// At the moment, this only includes Google-owned gTLDs,
// but other gTLDs and eTLDs are welcome to preload if they are interested.
{ "name": "google", "policy": "public-suffix", "mode": "force-https", "include_subdomains": true, "pins": "google" },
{ "name": "dev", "policy": "public-suffix", "mode": "force-https", "include_subdomains": true },
{ "name": "foo", "policy": "public-suffix", "mode": "force-https", "include_subdomains": true },
{ "name": "page", "policy": "public-suffix", "mode": "force-https", "include_subdomains": true },
{ "name": "app", "policy": "public-suffix", "mode": "force-https", "include_subdomains": true },
{ "name": "chrome", "policy": "public-suffix", "mode": "force-https", "include_subdomains": true },


What is so dangerous about --trim-sector-ranges?

Trimming sectors basically says to the SSD that the sectors do no longer contain useful data, and can be garbage collected (i.e. erased) so that they can be re-used for future write operations. This can improve write performance when the disk is getting full, since the firmware translation layer of the SSD controller has more "leeway" to play with physical blocks/pages.

In hdparm, sectors to be trimmed are provided as LBA (logical blocks). If your SSD has been formatted with a filesystem, trimming LBA will certainly corrupt the filesystem and make it unusable (since a user has no knowledge of the underlying filesystem-to-LBA mapping). For SSD formatted with a filesystem, trimming should be done at a higher level, with tools such as fstrim.

When supported, the "ATA secure erase" command should erase all the physical blocks of the SSD. It could be roughly equivalent to trimming all the sectors of the SSD, but probably in a more optimized and secure way.

The referenced link indicates that the "secure erase" command failed when used with an USB-to-SATA adapter. This could be due to a poor or buggy implementation of the USB-to-SATA controller, or an implementation which does not comply with recent SATA specifications.

To wipeout the contents of a SSD, the SATA secure erase command is the preferred way to go. The --trim-sector-ranges option of a hdparm is for experimental and benchmark purpose. Only for very specific applications (some database systems) that addresses SSD at the LBA level can trimming sectors with hdparm make sense.

To finish, the recommendation of leaving some unpartioned space (called over-provisioning) for wear-levelling is interesting, provided this space has been trimmed in some way before (an "ATA secure erase" will also do for this purpose). If it's not the case, and if previous data were to exist in the LBA range of the unpartioned space, the SSD controller will assume it is still valid data and strive to keep it "alive", by possibly moving the associated blocks and pages (thus increasing overall wear!)


It has moved to a new location: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/focal/main/installer-amd64/current/legacy-images/netboot/mini.iso

Note that it moved to legacy images. Folks who use this image should start to look at newer options:

dd-able .img images
Cloud images
Ubuntu Base
Ubuntu Core
Netboot-using-PXE

...and others.


Please look at the below link which says, install chrome and that has netflix out of box.
How to watch Netflix in Ubuntu?
let me know if you have question on installing chrome on ubuntu...


My laptop can't play HD movies without stutter, via stream or VLC. Graphic Card problem?

sudo apt-get install x264 i965-va-driver libva-intel-vaapi-driver vainfo

then activate GPU hardware acceleration in VLC Tools -> Preferences -> Input&Codecs -> Hardware-accelerated decoding = VAAPI

https://wiki.videolan.org/VLC_GPU_Decoding/

How do I enable hardware accelerated video in VLC with Intel HD 4000 GPU?

Also, I've found this link helpfull with sandybridge but not so much on pentium-4 but it won't hurt to at least give it a shot http://www.webupd8.org/2013/09/adobe-flash-player-hardware.html

Finally, there are all sorts of openGL packages available that are not installed by default, just dont install the ones for nvidia and or ati etc.


How do I setup services to start when Gitlab is ready?

Try gitlab-ctl.
You can find it into the following paths :

/usr/bin/gitlab-ctl
/opt/gitlab/bin/gitlab-ctl

for example

exec /usr/bin/gitlab-ctl start
exec /usr/bin/gitlab-ctl stop


What user-friendly VPN software is available?

Kubuntu has KVpnc as described here.

If you dont mind the QT type interface, its a nice gui vpn client that can be installed on a Gnome/Unity interface - search for kvpnc.

Googling around - there is a suggested gnome friendly vpn client with a similar name "gvpnc" - havent seen any reviews for this though.


The easiest way (most GUI) would be to use gedit. You could also use any other editor you prefer (e.g. nano or vi). Just run the editor as root using sudo and you're good to go! You need to pass 1 argument: the path to the file you want to edit (in this case /etc/hosts).

The full command:

sudo -i gedit /etc/hosts


Works for Navit and other GIS software, such as kismet.

Edit /etc/default/gpsd file in terminal :

sudo nano /etc/default/gpsd

The file must have the following contents

START_DAEMON="true"
USBAUTO="true"
DEVICES="/dev/ttyUSB0"
GPSD_OPTIONS="/dev/ttyUSB0"
GPSD_SOCKET=”/var/run/gpsd.sock”


Which "useless" programs I can remove from Autostart without drawbacks?

These programs are programs which the developers consider a useful addition to the desktop experience. Which are useless depends on the user, you. We cannot indicate which of these would be useless to you. I'd leave them alone.
With respect to multiple "screensavers", "org.gnome" launchers and "lxqt" launchers, these indicate that you have been creative with your system, installing different desktop environments. Do not worry, several of these autostart programs are only loaded with the desktop environment with which they came.
One could think you can get rid of the autostarters by uninstalling an installed desktop environment. Unfortunately, that is not easy. The reason why it is difficult is because many of the main packages that are pulled in while installing a desktop environment are actually marked as "manually installed". That prevents you from taking the whole system down would you ever remove the metapackage used to install the desktop environment. On the other hand, that also prevents you from automatically and granularly removing an entire desktop environment just by removing the metapackage followed by a sudo apt autoremove.
These extra files take some space on your hard drive, but otherwise will not in any way affect the performance of your system. I would leave them there. One day, you will reinstall fresh, and then it will all be cleaned up.


The simplest way to identify packages missing from the default install is to install and run synaptic. Software Center is a replacement for Synaptic but you'll do no harm using it. When you run synaptic you'll find menu items on the left. Under the Custom Filter option, the first menu item is "All" and the second is "Broken". The menu item you want to select is "Missing Recommends". You'll now have a list of packages That have been removed from the initial install. Check the boxes for any packages you wish to install. To apply the selected changes click the "apply" icon. It should be the 3rd from the top left, hover over the icon to make sure its the apply function. You may also want to check if there are any broken packages.


appending under a specific line number using bash

Using sed:

 sed "4i define(\RELAY_MAILER_ARGS', \TCP $h 587')dnl"  {filename}

to repalce the content of fole:

sed -i "4i define(\RELAY_MAILER_ARGS', \TCP $h 587')dnl"  {filename}


No microphone input Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS Lenovo T420

I had the same problem with my laptop (Asus S56CB), I fixed it by adding this line:

options snd-hda-intel model=laptop-dmic

at the end of this file:

/etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

then reboot.

If it doesn't work you should try to replace the model (laptop-dmic) with one of these: https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio-Models.txt


sub par wifi with 12.04 kernel 3.2.0-29 an proprietary RT3290

I ended up by chance looking into by computer case again. It seems by accident I removed one of the 2 wireless antenna cables from the motherboard. The wifi speed is now comparable to cable connection


How to prevent Brasero to auto eject disc at the end of burning?

Before i explain why you probably should not want this, here is what the
backend programs would need:

growisofs would need to get option -use-the-force-luke=notray .
libburn would need to get its API function burn_drive_release() called
with parameter "eject" set to 0.

My rather aged Brasero does not offer such configuration opportunities for
either of these plugins.

Now why this eject is normally needed unless you want to read the written
data solely by help of direct SCSI transactions as libburn's read functions
do:

All burn programs use on Linux the SCSI command execution ioctl(SG_IO).
This ioctl sends SCSI commands to the drive and receives the drive's replies.
But it is not coordinated with the block device i/o of Linux, which has
assessed the medium state before the burn and afterwards still buffers
this state and possibly some data blocks of the medium.

Ejecting the medium causes these buffered data to be discarded and loading
the medium causes a new assessment of the new medium state.
After the out-in move, the Linux kernel is able to mount the freshly
written filesystem superblock, or to let mkisofs read the metadata of
the previously written session for the next session to be written.

No other reliable method is known. To my theory, ioctl(BLKRRPART)
(e.g. via command hdparm -z) would do the trick, if not file descriptors
of optical drives would be rejected by __blkdev_reread_part() in
block/ioctl.c before the function rescan_partitions() in
block/partition-generic.c can call disk->fops->revalidate_disk().


Ubuntu 20.04, switch between two keyboard layouts does not work properly

You haven't asked any concrete question, it rather looks like a bug report. Though to help and add something beneficial, I confirm I'm also affected by the same buggy experience and other observations and a workaround:

the issue happens after resuming from the suspended state. I'm not sure if it's the only thing causing the issue
reinstalling the language input sources works, but is very uncomfortable
I found restarting the Gnome Shell session by pressing Alt + F2 + r + Return the quickest workaround to fix the issue


Logitech unifying receiver worked briefly, now isn't detected. Help?

You can try attaching the Unifying receiver to another laptop (Linux/Windows will work, but I didn't try with OSX). Pair them on the second computer. This will cause it to reset and allow your ubuntu to set/pair them once again once yu connect them back.


How to enable 'Send User Package Usage Info', after installation?

Go to System → Administration → Software sources sources, tab Statistics and check Submit statistical information.


coudn't install Mcafee antivirus software :

Download MFErt.i686.deb, and then install it with either of these two methods:

GUI:

Double-click on the .deb file, and then select to install it in the Ubuntu Software Center window which comes up.

Documentation.

Terminal:

Open Terminal (CTRL + ALT + T):

cd to the location you downloaded it to (most likely the Downloads folder):

cd ~/Downloads/

Then install it with:

sudo dpkg -i MFErt.i686.deb

If there are any other dependency problems then install the additional dependencies afterwards with:

sudo apt-get install -f


Sorry no one has previously answered your question. The answer is very simply no.


How do you completely remove ubuntu-desktop along with all installed packages with it?

Even better than just doing remove, you can use purge and then autoremove.

sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get autoremove

Purge option according to the man page for apt-get:

**purge**
purge is identical to remove except that packages are
removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted too).


How can I install IronAHK on Ubuntu LTS 18.04?

IronAHK is not maintained anymore and very old (see https://github.com/Paris/IronAHK). I do not think you will be able to get it to work. May I suggest to try AutoKey (https://github.com/autokey/autokey), which is based on Python but can do a lot of things AHK can do as well as many other stuff.


unable to connect reliance netconnect+ ZTE AC2738 in ubuntu 12.04 LTS

Install wvdail and gnome-ppp in ubuntu 12.04
Run $sudo gnome-ppp

Then pop-up appears,
In the pop-up enter

Login: net
Password: net
phoneno: #777

Hit connect and wait for couple of minutes. It will get connected.

If it doesn't connect, restart your machine and try again.

Enjoy.


Facebook malayalam(regional font) in chrome looks way too small to read

Try this

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:smcproject/repo
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get remove ttf-freefont ttf-indic-fonts-core ttf-malayalam-fonts
sudo apt-get install fonts-smc

Reference: https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82:To_Read_in_Malayalam


On my laptop the correct service is postgresql and no postgres.

Checking with service --status-all | grep postgres

So you should try service postgresql start


What is the Kubuntu equivalent of `gdebi` that provides a GUI for installing .deb files?

I found the tool I was looking for it's called qapt-deb-installer


Boot CD won't boot with a "x86-64 CPU,but only detected an i686 CPU" error

You appear to have a 32 bit only cpu.  Use the i386 cd instead.


Ubuntu 18.04 does not boot on battery power

I got the below solution to my problem today:

Update : The solution is at the below link

https://www.dell.com/community/Precision-Mobile-Workstations/Precision-7540-will-only-boot-Linux-if-charger-is-connected/m-p/7523968#M3185

Adding kernel parameters solves the issue. Posting solution:

in /etc/default/grub add dis_ucode_ldr in this way

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash dis_ucode_ldr"

then

sudo update-grub

Update2: The grub menu is not visible (purple screen) but waiting or pressing enter do the job to boot on ubuntu.


As you said typing matlab doesn't work. I use it this way:

change to MATLAB current folder

cd Documents/MATLAB

then, where I have my MATLAB installed:

sh
/home/my_name/Applications/R2010a/bin/matlab


Thunderbird notification on KDE system tray

You can search for BirdTray from the Discover store:

However, after you install it there is a bit of setup involved to select all the mailboxes that you want to be notified for. Once you run the program, I suggest that you do that by right clicking on the tray icon and then clicking 'Settings...'. I don't remember all the steps after that but I am happy to update this answer based on your response.

It is a bit clunky because you have to be running both Thunderbird and BirdTray which are two separate programs. But it does the job for me for now.

Tested on Kubuntu 20.04.

P.S. Here is Thunderbird's open development ticket for that feature.


python module can be found using shell but not in virtualenv

numpy is installed globally in your system, so it's ok that virtualenvcan not find it (unless you specified --system-site-packages option).

The problem with pip install numpy may come from the outdated pip and virtualenv combo. Check versions of your tools and try recreating it with virtualenv 1.11.6 (which includes pip 1.5.6). If the problem persists, report the bug at virtualenv tracker.


How do I check that my users and groups are correct?

1. Basic approach

I found very useful package for such operation. It is named base-passwd and has the following description:

$ apt-cache show base-passwd
Package: base-passwd
...
Description-en: Debian base system master password and group files
 These are the canonical master copies of the user database files
 (/etc/passwd and /etc/group), containing the Debian-allocated user and
 group IDs. The update-passwd tool is provided to keep the system databases
 synchronized with these master files.

Master files (in aforementioned terminology) are placed in:

/usr/share/base-passwd/group.master
/usr/share/base-passwd/passwd.master

The package contains only one binary /usr/sbin/update-passwd.
Its purpose is described in man-page (man update-passwd):

  DESCRIPTION
        update-passwd handles updates of /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow and /etc/group on running Debian systems.  It compares the current files to master copies, distributed in the base-passwd package, and updates all entries in the global system range (that is, 0–99).

For the problem from the question we need to run:

sudo update-passwd --sanity-check --verbose

Also you can try to run the simulation (dry-run):

$ sudo update-passwd --sanity-check --verbose --dry-run
Reading passwd from /usr/share/base-passwd/passwd.master
Reading group from /usr/share/base-passwd/group.master
Reading passwd from /etc/passwd
Reading shadow from /etc/shadow
Reading group from /etc/group

Running without arguments will safely update /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow and /etc/group or quit quietly:

$ sudo update-passwd
$ sudo update-passwd --verbose
No changes needed

The utility covers 39 standard groups - adm, audio, backup, bin, cdrom, daemon, dialout, dip, disk, fax, floppy, games, gnats, irc, kmem, list, lp, mail, man, news, nogroup, operator, plugdev, proxy, root, sasl, shadow, src, staff, sudo, sys, tape, tty, users, utmp, uucp, video, voice, www-data.

One can read local documentation about standard groups in /usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html (or online).

2. Deeper approach

Warning: do not continue if unsure what you are doing or if you are newbie.

Start with

sudo update-passwd --verbose

and then if you have installed other software from repositories and then trashed your /etc/passwd and/or /etc/group you can try to reinstall all such packages with the command based on @muru suggestion:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall \
$(grep -RlE '(getent|useradd|adduser|groupadd|addgroup|chrgp|chmod|gpasswd|usermod)' \
/var/lib/dpkg/info --include='*inst' | sed -r 's:.*/(.*)\.[-a-z]+inst:\1:')

2.1. Broken /etc/group

If you have removed entries from /etc/group you will face error messages as

dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting:
 unknown group 'crontab' in statoverride file
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (2)

You need to remove corresponding lines from /var/lib/dpkg/statoverride and /etc/passwd then try again with the command above.

Other possible error message is

E: Internal Error, No file name for dbus:amd64

You can fix it by downloading the package manually:

apt-get download dbus
sudo dpkg -i dbus*.deb

and then try again with the command above.

If you have removed systemd-related groups systemd-journal, systemd-timesync, systemd-network, systemd-resolve, systemd-bus-proxy from /etc/group then remove them from /etc/passwd and reinstall systemd package with

sudo apt-get install --reinstall systemd

then try again with the command above

2.2. Broken /etc/passwd

If you have removed entries from /etc/passwd you will face error messages as

dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting:
 unknown user 'hplip' in statoverride file

You need to remove corresponding line from /var/lib/dpkg/statoverride and then try again with the command above.


How to install Parallels Workstation in Ubuntu 12.10?

Parallels is not available for an Ubuntu host. You can use VirtualBox, VMWare, or kvm instead to run a VM on an Ubuntu host.


Changing refresh rate for specific monitor

Method 1

With the following command

xrandr --output HDMI1 --rate 75

Where the string after --output is the name of the monitor and the number after --rate is the new refresh rate

Or, if you want to make sure the resolution is correct too in the same command

xrandr --output HDMI1 --mode 1280x1024 --rate 75

See man xrandr and the following link to learn more

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Config/Resolution

Method 2

You should have a file monitors.xml (~/.config/monitors.xml)

Edit the file with your favorite text editor

vim ~/.config/monitors.xml

You will see monitors available, and you should recognize them by name.

Here's some example information you will see about a monitor

<vendor>AUO</vendor>
      <product>0x38ed</product>
      <serial>0x00000000</serial>
      <width>1920</width>
      <height>1080</height>
      <rate>60</rate>
      <x>0</x>
      <y>0</y>
      <rotation>normal</rotation>
      <reflect_x>no</reflect_x>
      <reflect_y>no</reflect_y>
      <primary>yes</primary>

There's the line

<rate>60</rate>

Replace the current refresh rate with a new one. For example

<rate>75</rate>

Save the file and reboot, and the new refresh rate will take place.

NOTE: Make sure that monitor's resolution supports the refresh rate you are going to change


GNOME Shell flickering with ATI proprietary drivers

Uninstall proprietary drivers.

I did it last week and latest version of open source drivers works perfectly.

sudo apt-get remove --purge xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-radeon
sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-ati
sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:amd64 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 xserver-xorg-core
sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup
sudo rm -rf /etc/ati

http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Ubuntu_Oneiric_Installation_Guide


Why does Network-Manager close when it cannot bind to any connection?

This happened to me in the past but I never got around to troubleshooting it. Generally, with this kind of intermittent problem I'll use the following script to both keep the application running and gather information about why it quit:

#!/bin/bash
# Automatically relaunch applications that exit unexpectedly, and log stdout for analysis.
# Usage: relauncher.sh "application"

# Command to (re)run
app="$1"

# Infinite loop
while true; do

    # Get starting time
    start_epoch=$(date +%s)

    # Run application and capture output in memory
    log=$( { $app ; } 2>&1 )

    # Run in background
    {
        # Notify in system tray (Waits here until clicked)
        zenity --notification --text "$app has exited. Click to view details."

        # Write log to temp file
        logfile="$(mktemp)"
        echo "$log" > "$logfile"

        # View it
        gedit "$logfile"
    } &

    # Abort if the application exited too quickly
    end_epoch=$(date +%s)
    duration=$(( $end_epoch - $start_epoch ))
    if [[ "$duration" < 30 ]]; then
        zenity --notification --text "$app exited too quickly. Aborting relauncher." &
        exit
    fi

done

exit

To use it, save an executable copy as ~/bin/relauncher.sh and then, in System ▸ Preferences ▸ Startup Applications ▸ Startup Programs ▸ Network Manager ▸ Edit, replace nm-applet --sm-disable with /home/user/bin/relauncher.sh "nm-applet --sm-disable".

The next time the applet disappears, it will be automatically restarted and an icon will appear in the notification area. Click the icon to check for information about why nm-applet exited, then consider reporting a bug via ubuntu-bug nm-applet and attach any relevant error messages.


From the screenshot it seems, contrary to what you think, you have logged in to a Unity session, not a GNOME session.

Assuming you actually have GNOME desktop and GDM installed, there should be a cogwheel (⚙) next to the "sign in" button at the login screen. Click it and select GNOME or Ubuntu or something similar instead of anything mentioning Unity.


recover partitions lost during installation

No problem may be you will be able to get them back by using scalpel. install it by using

sudo apt-get install scalpel

Refer this to know its working fully

  Scalpel


Static sounds every 20-30 seconds when playing HDMI

It turns out pulseaudio can indeed be suspended with the pasuspender command, which is included by default in Ubuntu. That fixed the problem with the static sounds so pulseaudio was the culprit.


Search and replace multiple files including subdirectories

The \< and \> elements have special meaning in sed regex (as word boundaries).

Don't make things hard by using / as sed's separator and trying to get the escaping right - choose an alternate delimiter that doesn't appear in your text, such as % or |.

The i (insert) command seems to me to be a more natural choice than the s command for this task: you could try

'\%</form>% i\<input type="hidden" name="_token" value="<cfoutput>#STOKEN#</cfoutput>"/>'

To apply such a command to subdirectories recursively, you can supply the sed command as a -exec or -execdir argument to find e.g.

find path/to/dir -type f -name '*.cfm' -execdir sed -i -re '\%</form>% i\<input type="hidden" name="_token" value="<cfoutput>#STOKEN#</cfoutput>"/>' {} +

Alternatively, you could use the shell's globstar functionality.


'Device not ready' to D-Link DFE-580TX Wired Network Adapters

This probably won't help much, But I had a similar issue when setting up a friend's Ubuntu box with a Broadcom Wireless PCI card in it. If I remember right, the device (at least for my specific case) required a firmware .bin file in addition to the built-in driver. If this is the case, these firmware files cannot be distributed with Ubuntu because they are proprietary software, and card specific. That's as much help as I can be.


AMD Binary Driver Fails to Initialize Graphics Card, Any Ideas?

I have found the cause of the problem and now my graphics card works perfectly - with both VESA and AMD Proprietary Drivers. Livewire was correct- I dug into why the integrated graphics controller kept showing up in my lspci output. This is all clear now as shown by the line in my Xorg.0.log:

[     2.710] (II) fglrx: intel VGA device detected, load intel driver

It seems this was all caused by a bug in my bios/firmware. Even though I had disabled all the settings related to the IGPU in the BIOS, the motherboard never "turned off" the IGPU - it was still allowed to present itself to the OS. By updating the BIOS / firmware on my Asus P8Z77-V Motherboard, the integrated graphics no longer appeared in the lspci output and is now completely disabled. After this, my graphics card even works with the VESA / fallback driver where it did not work at all before.

Anyone else experiencing this problem should have another trick to try - be sure all extra graphics cards are removed from your system and be sure your integrated graphics card is also disabled. You can verify this by running the command lspci | grep -i vga


Ubuntu 15.10 is Mirroring my monitors and the settings are unchangeable

Well, I decided to look harder and I found the answer.
Revert to open source graphics drivers - options greyed out 14.04
it was a broken driver
the second answer is the one that worked


Black screen when booting on a Mac mini 4,1

press f6 and select nomodeset before selecting try Ubuntu and should work fine.  The problem is with the nvidia oss driver.  once installed you can select the correct nvidia driver.


SystemBack - Are frequent Updates Normal?

data mining? If you're using regular tools to update like apt that's basically just your computer downloading files.

I'm not familiar with SystemBack to know what it should & shouldn't do, but this looks like it's launchpad page if you'd like to browse the source code.

There should be a changelog somewhere to see when the last updates were, there could've been a bunch released close together recently.

I think I found it, https://code.launchpad.net/~nemh/systemback/devel does show 5 updates this month, and 5 more in the last 2 days of November.

Or I thought I saw a "daily" branch that likely gets updated more frequently, you could be in too. You might want to switch to the "systemback/stable" branch it seems to have less frequent updates and would hopefully be more stable, but I'm not sure if those are in a Ubuntu PPA.


Because you got the error message:

curl: (7) Failed to connect to 2800:3f0:4001:806::1005: Network is unreachable

... this has nothing to do with actually resolving IPv6 addresses. It would have returned a host not found or similar error if that was the case.

Without more information, to me the most likely explanations are:

Your computer does not have an IPv6 address. If you run ifconfig does your network adapter contain lines like the following:

  inet6 addr: fe80::922b:34ff:fe03:6d1a/64 Scope:Link
  inet6 addr: 1002:8bd:1000:efac::2/64 Scope:Global

Your ISP or their upstream providers cannot route IPv6 traffic.


Your options for replacing the JET database engine running purely in Linux are slim at best.  Remember access files are just flat files, and it is a piece of software provided by Microsoft that actually parses and runs the SQL commands.  Microsoft unsurprisingly does not provide a Linux port.

Mysql and PHP are a match made in heaven, so you might consider the switch.  If the PHP code is good, the switch will be painless.


Package gnome-shell-common has been held back but when trying to update it I get this

This error has been caused by them forgetting to update to a new version of the libmutter package, which is a dependency of the gnome-shell package (which itself is a dependency of gnome-shell-common):

Depends: libmutter-2-0 (>= 3.28.3-1~ubuntu18.04.1) but 3.28.2-2~ubuntu18.04.1 is to be installed

As of now, newer version of libmutter has been pushed, and you can now successfully upgrade both gnome-shell and gnome-shell-common packages.


Following command will change terminal cursor to green:

echo -e "\e]12;green\a"

Above command will print extra new line. If no new line required:

echo -ne "\e]12;green\a"

For permanent changes put above command in .bashrc file.

Further if you want to make your cursor visible or invisible:

tput cnorm  # make cursor invisible
tput civis  # make cursor visible

More information can be found at following link:

How do I change the color of current cursor position indicator?


Upgrade to Maverick broke the display resolution - Dell Studio

Ok, not sure if I should delete the question. But I am sure some people may face same issue, so I will just answer it anyway.

Disable the additional driver, enable it and then restart, boom, everything back to normal!


You need to put an entry into /etc/fstab

Im not at my pc else i would tell you the line !

Look at that file, add a new line the same as the line mounting your / partition. Edit the new line to point to your own music partition.

Google fstab, its quite easy to set up and well documented all over the net.


How to get wifi password from gnome keyring file with a C program?

Try man -k keyring. It will show you, in part:

gnome-keyring-daemon (1) - keep password and other secrets for users
keyctl_clear (3)     - Clear a keyring
keyctl_get_keyring_ID (3) - Get the ID of a special keyring
keyctl_join_session_keyring (3) - Join a different session keyring
keyctl_link (3)      - Link a key to a keyring keyctl_unlink - Unlink a key from a keyring
keyctl_search (3)    - Search a keyring for a key
keyctl_session_to_parent (3) - Set the parent process's session keyring
keyctl_set_reqkey_keyring (3) - Set the implicit destination keyring
keyctl_unlink (3)    - Link a key to a keyring keyctl_unlink - Unlink a key from a keyring
recursive_key_scan (3) - Apply a function to all keys in a keyring tree
recursive_session_key_scan (3) - Apply a function to all keys in the session keyring tree

Read these man pages.


Ubuntu cutting it's own power supply: What to do before power outage?

I found a way how to do it:

At boot I start my remote control helper program as nohup'd process. However, during shutdown it gets killed by S20sendsigs. So I start it again using a new script S21remotecontrol which again uses nohup. The helper program starts an embedded web server. This way I just needed to add curl http://localhost:8081/poweroff to S90halt.

I am not sure why curl is actually available at S90halt because all file systems should have been unmounted at this point. Nevertheless, it does work. My work around is not used: I added a delay option so that curl could be called before unmounting but delaying the switch command a few seconds.

Important! The helper program must not write a log file since it will fail after unmounting during shutdown and may crash the program. For starting the helper I use: nohup command >/dev/null 2>&1 &.


Is Gnome-Session-Fallback getting updates?

That output just shows the package version, and nothing else.

To get the idea of the current level of support for the fallback session, consider this:

The fallback session maintainer, Vincent Untz, has recently left Gnome to take the position of the OpenSuse chairman.
It's been announced, that the fallback mode will be droped from Gnome 3.8 onward.

That said, Gnome2 will still be supported, for quite some time, by the distros that default to it, most notably, RHEL and its derivatives (CentOS and Scientific Linux), as well as Debian 6, and, perhaps some other.

The point is, if you have the right hardware and like Gnome2, there is no reason not to use it for a long time to come.


Firstly open a terminal window and type the following to install the xkbset package:

sudo apt-get install xkbset

A simple one line command can then be used to configure the acceleration:

xkbset ma [delay] [interval] [time to max] [max speed] [curve]

For those new to command-line interfaces, the brackets imply that they need to be replaced by a numerical value, tailored to suite a particular use. I have recently used the following for my configuration:

xkbset ma 60 10 10 20 10


Ubuntu 12.04 running from an external hard drive freezes frequently

If the driver re-installation seems to provide a long-term fix, please disregard this; but external devices can sometimes be unreliable because of cabling problems. If the cable connectors (on the cable, the computer, or the disk) are worn, the connection may be a bit loose, causing unreliability. A cable's wires could also be damaged because of a heavy object having been placed on it, a pet nibbling on it, or whatnot. Thus, as a general rule, replacing the cable should be one of the first things you try when you have problems with an external disk. Similarly, taking any USB hubs or extension cables out of the equation is generally worthwhile.


To the best of my knowledge, with the release of 15.04 Ubuntu touch screen and touch pad support has been upgraded and works fairly well.  I don't like touch scrfeens ands touch pads, so I have no first-hand knowledge I can offer you.


BackupPC - No website Access after installation

Same problem here under Ubuntu server 16.04.2 amd64
Installed by apt-get install backuppc

My solution was

sudo a2disconf serve-cgi-bin
sudo service apache2 reload

empty cache every time you make a change

source:

https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/BackupPC/


If the button works in Keyboard Shortcuts, then you can assign the button to your shortcut.

(Keyboard Shortcuts is in System->Preferences).


How to uninstall Garena Plus from Ubuntu 12.04

Click the windows key to open up unity. ("dash home" the top left icon on the desktop toolbar)
Type in:  uninstall wine software.
Choose/select your software in the list that follows.
Press the modify/remove button.
Follow onscreen instructions of your software. (if any)
You should be done.


If you have the routing done correctly, then the NAT can be added by iptables commands. For instance letting the network 10.0.3.0/24 out via NAT requires:

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.3.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
iptables -A FORWARD -s 10.0.3.0/24 -j ACCEPT

Beware, ip route add nat ... is not supported anymore...


Xubuntu http links open in separate (broken) instance of Firefox

After more research I have found the problem ...
There were 2 different Firefox profiles set and links from some applications were using a different profile.
To solve, I navigated to about:profiles with FF and deleted one of the profiles (along with all of it's files). Before deleting I had to close all the windows that were opened with that profile.
Thanks everyone for your help!


This flash plugin was blocked because it is out of date

Google Chrome will always block older versions of Flash. I think you might be better off either using another browser or an updated version of flash, because Chrome is not going to play nicely with old flash no matter what you do.


How to setup a machine to host my websites to the world - with my own url?

Setting up a webserver on Ubuntu is very easy to do you can either use apt-get and install Apache, PHP and MySQL manuall or use tasksel to install the LAMP stack.

sudo tasksel install lamp-server

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ApacheMySQLPHP

Once that's done you'll be able to setup your blog on the local machine and get it running.

You can follow the guide here for how to install wordpress under Ubuntu or follow this one for a generic guide on how to get installed.

--

Next steps

Buy the domain (I get mine from 123-reg.co.uk)
Point domain to your IP address

If you have a static IP simply point the domain to that IP.
If you don't have a static IP you'll need to use a service like dyndns to update the DNS records as your IP changes.

Depending on your network setup you will then either need to use port forwarding to forward port 80 to your machine running apache or use NAT on your router to connect your public IP address to the IP of your machine.

--

Some other points

You would be better using Ubuntu Server if possible on the machine as its more designed for the task and there is no need for a GUI on a web box.
If your website / blog becomes popular you may find your internet connection is not capable of handling the load as most home internet connections do not have very good upload speed.


"Install alongside Windows 7" option doesn't appear, "no root file system" if I try "Something Else"

If you have an available primary partition to be the extended partition, then you can install Ubuntu and create a shared NTFS data partition for data.
All partitions will be logical partitions inside the extended partition. I prefer to set up partitions with gparted in advance so I better know sizes. But all but the NTFS data partition can be done as part of the install.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot

GParted partitioning software - Full tutorial

http://www.dedoimedo.com/computers/gparted.html

For the Total space you want for Ubuntu:
Ubuntu's standard install is just / (root) & swap, but it is better to add another partition for /home if allocating over 30GB.:
Ubuntu partitions - smaller root only where hard drive space is limited.
If total space less than about 30GB just use / not separate /home or standard install.

10-25 GB Mountpoint / primary or logical beginning ext4(or ext3)
all but 2 GB Mountpoint /home logical beginning ext4(or ext3)
2 GB Mountpoint swap logical

Depending on how much memory you have you may not absolutely need swap but having some is still recommended. I do not hibernate (boots fast enough for me) but if hibernating then you need swap equal to RAM in GiB not GB. And if dual booting with windows a shared NTFS partition is also recommended. But you usually cannot create that as part of the install, just leave some space. Or partition in advance (recommended).
One advantage of partitioning in advance is that the installer will use the swap space to speed up the install.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DiskSpace


Had the same problem.  Launcher got stuck on Preparing.  My error log looks different, but it seems to be the same issue.  Workaround: I'm running Linux Mint, and the software manager has 2 versions of Minecraft.  The regular one and the flathub version.  I tried deleting and re-installing the regular one - no joy.  Deleted the regular one and installed flathub version (takes a bit of time).  That one works for me.  HOWEVER, the flathub version puts the files in a different place, and when I loaded it up all the old worlds were missing.  Created a new flathub world (with a unique) name, and then searched to find the new directory.  Copied worlds from old place to new, and I think it is good (had to reset controls though).  I think I like the flathub laucher better anyway -Bonus!- although you need to look at the options in the various menus.


Even with that configuration in /etc/sudoers, you will still need to use sudo to run apt-get as root.  The difference is that with proper configuration you will no longer need to type in your password.


Problem with boot, grub-repair doesn't help

I just had a fight with my Sony Vaio, UEFI Bios and RAID0 SSD..hehe, I won :)

You have to run Ubuntu again from Live Disk and get Grub Boot Repair via terminal.

Next install your boot-loader on the same disk/partition where your Ubuntu installation is.

It has to work 100%.

Please report here to confirm it, thank you!


My Laptop has USB 3.0 but Ubuntu 14.04 doesn't recognize it?

Make sure that the USB 3 ports appear in the BIOS and are not disabled.

Rami Rosen


What space do you want to clean? On a USB drive? Or you mean you want to free space on your hard drive to install windows there?

For clearing HD space, assuming you have enough free space, I'd run gparted (maybe from a live iso/cd/dvd) and shrink partitions until there's enough free space to create a new partition of the desired size, then tell the windows installer to use the new/empty partition.

For clearing a USB drive, it's pretty much the same thing only it should work without needing to run a live usb/cd/iso.


Gnome Flashback desktop icons stuck in "auto arrange icons"

The developer offered a link that shows that at this time, this is the only implemented behavior for the flashback session. Link: gnome-flashback issue #41 Thanks.


How do I report a suspicious snap on the store?

Alan & co will ensure there is a public mechanism for this. In the meanwhile, for this specific case, can I suggest an off-list email to any of the long-standing Ubuntu folks who can address a specific snap.


Monitor keeps waking up and going to sleep after lockscreen

For me the solution was in dconf
/org/gnome/desktop/notifications/show-in-lock-screen : False

see for more https://vitux.com/turn-off-disable-notifications-on-your-ubuntus-lock-screen/


hdparm executed wrongly [BOOT LOADER CANNOT READ DISK]

Your command did exactly as you intended. Your system erased all data off of your hard drive, including your boot sector and partition table. Due to the nature of secure erase, there is zero chance of recovery. In other words, you now have a fresh hard drive with absolutely no data stored on it.

If you want to boot from this drive again, you'll need to create a new boot sector. The easiest way to do this is to format the drive and install an operating system on it. See How do I install Ubuntu? for instructions as to how to do this.

If you'd rather just use this drive for data storage, format it from Ubuntu and create a partition table. Tools like the built-in Disks utility or gparted would be the easiest ways to achieve this goal.

As I think you're also confused, here's what happens with MBR-based systems.

The first sector of the hard drive (hex offset 0x000 to 0x1ff) contains what's called the Master Boot Record. This contains BIOS instructions, as well as CPU instructions for how to handle and start the computer.

When your BIOS complains about being unable to read the boot sector, it means that your computer failed to find executable code (or encountered an error while executing code), or that the MBR was malformed. As you erased your MBR, it would obviously have no executable code or record of drive information. Therefore, this must be recreated through formatting the drive.


Let's create one:

~$ cd ~/.local/share/applications
~$ touch my-application.desktop
~$ chmod 700 my-application.desktop

Open the file with your favorite text editor and make it look like this:

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=My Application
Exec=/path-to-executable
Icon=/path-to-icon
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Foo;Bar

And here's the result:


No Grub Menu at start up after installing Ubuntu 11.10

Open up a terminal window.  Then type:

gksu gedit /etc/default/grub

You'll have to type in your password.  This will open up the grub configuration file.  Look at the first several lines.    You should see something like:

# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=1

GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 will hide the menu, but as you can see, it is commented out in mine (by prepending with #), so I do see the menu on boot.  If is it not commented out, do so.

Also, note that GRUB_TIMEOUT=1 sets the time until the grub menu automatically chooses the first option.  I've set it to 1; setting it to 0 would effectively hide it also.  So if it is 0, change it to a nonzero value.

Finally, after making the necessary change, save and exit the editor.  At the terminal, as suggested in the grub config file, type

sudo update-grub

to make the changes stick.


You should be able to set which sound device to use in the system settings:

Double-check the Output Device is set to something other than the Wavlink device, and you should be good to go.


Should I install 64-bit Ubuntu onto my 32-bit machine?

Yes - as statet on wikipedia and the AMD Website it is indeed an 64bit processor and capable of running 64bit Ubuntu.


Cannot connect to wifi with Lenovo G510 wireless under Ubuntu

I have the same laptop :). If your card is a Broadcom 43412 or similar, you will need the broadcom-wl package. To get it, use apt-get install broadcom-wl. On reboot, wifi will start working. Otherwise, try modprobe wl in the command line.

Hope this helps.


So, I add 'audio' to the security policy group, and it is resolved.
This is the current apparmor file:

{
    "policy_groups": [
        "networking",
        "audio"
    ],
    "policy_version": 1.1
}

I add line "audio" and solve the problem.
You can find app apparmor file in manifest.json.

Or you can use qtCreator, in "Publish: -> Security Policy Group, add audio. There you can see that it gives access to path: /{,var/}run/user/*/pulse/


How do I view files that start with a period?

In Unix like operating systems, if a file or folder starts with a period, it is declared as a hidden file. To show the hidden files do the following steps:

Open the nautilus file manager which is called Files

Now go to the directory where the hidden files are

Now go to View>Show hidden files from the titlebar menu. Alternatively, you can press Ctrl+H as a shortcut.

Now you can see the hidden files, files which start with a period.

You can do the same to hide them again.

You can always do step 3 before step 2. It doesn't really matter in which folder you click show hidden folder. Once the option is chosen, you can see the hidden files and folders from any folders in that session.


From man grep

   The Backslash Character and Special Expressions
       The  symbols  \<  and  \>  respectively  match  the empty string at the
       beginning and end of a word.  The symbol \b matches the empty string at
       the  edge  of a word, and \B matches the empty string provided it's not
       at the edge of a word.  The symbol \w is a synonym for [_[:alnum:]] and
       \W is a synonym for [^_[:alnum:]].

In other words, a word is a sequence of alphanumeric characters and underscores, and a word boundary is the empty string before or after anything else - including punctuation such as ( and ) as well as whitespace. So:

$ echo 'word-boundary' | grep -o '\<\w*\>'
word
boundary

$ echo 'word_boundary' | grep -o '\<\w*\>'
word_boundary

$ echo 'word(bound)ary' | grep -o '\<\w*\>'
word
bound
ary

For more information see Regex Tutorial - Word Boundaries.


USB Keyboard & Mouse Stopped Working (Ubuntu 14 LTS)

I booted ubuntu with kernel 3.13.0-32-generic (Not the recovery mode), and I did a software update (Software Updater Application) and this seemed to fix it.

I also ran sudo apt-get update

I have no idea how or why this happened, but it seemed to fix it.

Cliff notes:

I am using XServer for video even though I have an ATI Card
I have not manually downloaded any extra linux kernels.


The display previous/next command shortcuts doesn't work

Thanks to @Letizia,
I added to ~/.zshrc two lines:

bindkey "^P" up-line-or-search
bindkey "^N" down-line-or-search


Makefile:110: recipe for target 'srtp/srtp.o' failed while setting up libsrtp

This looks similar to a Stackoverflow question, you either need to downgrade OpenSSL (not easy) or try a newer version of libstrp (looks like v2.1.0+)


The reason the terminal remains open is that you are telling it to run the dd command and then start a new bash instance. If you remove the bash from the end of the command, the spawned terminal will disappear as you expect.

Also, there's no reason to run the dd with sudo if you're already running the terminal with sudo. Only one of the two needs to be run with sudo, which one is up to you. You also don't need the sh -c since you only want to run a single command. Just use the -x directly.

So, taking all this together, what you are looking for is:

sudo mate-terminal --geometry=50x10 -x dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb status=progress

IMPORTANT: To anyone else reading this Q&A, this command is dangerous so don't run it on your computer. It will overwrite the contents of your /dev/sdb if you have one. It's what the OP wants to do, but you shouldn't run it unless you know what you're doing.


12.04 crashes and get I/O error, dev sda, sector xxx... in console mode

I hate to tell you this, but I think your drive is almost dead or you controller is going bad.  I would recommend getting a backup of it ASAP.  You can use Déjà Dup, its included in Ubuntu.  Also you may want to run a disk utility to check you hard drive, depending on the manufacturer, most of them have testing utilities.  Also you can try a different hard drive if you have one handy. Again make sure you get a backup ASAP, before the drive gets any worse.  Good luck.

  Déjà Dup is a simple backup software for Linux. It hides the
  complexity of doing backups and uses duplicity as the back end.

  Déjà Dup takes the simplistic approach, and presents just two very
  large buttons - Backup and Restore. Swipe one (you really can't miss
  them) and Deja Dup will do the rest. Except, you probably do want to
  play with the configuration first, such as setting a backup
  destination, whether you want to encrypt the backups, and which
  folders to include or exclude (again, removing Downloads is probably a
  good idea). Note the preferences selection is a separate program to
  the main one.

  Déjà Dup also makes it easy to set up a schedule and, conveniently,
  how long backups should be kept ranging from a week to indefinitely.

  Under the hood Déjà Dup makes use of duplicity, which is a
  command-line based backup tool for creating encrypted, compressed,
  incremental backups based rsync (which, incidentally, you can also use
  to make backups but the programs covered here add extra features such
  as scheduling).. More info on Déjà Dup.1

1Source:APCMag


How can upgrade gedit 2.30.4 to version 3?

Most likely, you can't upgrade without recompiling or upgrading all of its dependencies, and that's because of the transition from Gnome2 to Gnome3 that took place in Ubuntu 11.10.

http://packages.ubuntu.com/oneiric/gedit


Linux Ubuntu server running in VMWare: Make url public and also open a certain port?

I can't find very much documentation on your router (ZTE ZXHN H168N), but from what I can see, it should have the necessary features to make your computer visible from the web.

The main feature you need is port forwarding, which allows you to open up certain ports used on local IPs to connections from the internet. For instance, the default HTTP port is 80. This is what you want to use if you plan on having some sort of web interface.

To set up port forwarding, go to your router's web config interface (most likely 192.168.137.1). Log into it and find the page where you can set up port forwarding. Like I said before, I can't find very much about that router, so I'm not exactly sure where this is, but it shouldn't be too difficult to find.

Once you are on the port forwarding configuration page, you can now set up the port forward. In the IP Address field, put the IP of the computer you plan to use as the server. For the port, use whatever port you want. I will use 80 as an example. If you so need, you can also set up other ports to point to the same IP address. This will probably come in handy for your ultimate goal.

Now that you have your router set to forward incoming connections on port 80 to your server, you will need to find your external IP address. To do this, Google "what's my IP" and it should be the first thing to show up. Now, test that port forwarding works by entering this IP address into the address bar of your browser. Since you have Apache installed, you should see a test page. If not, verify Apache is running and that you set the port forward up correctly.

Since most external IP addresses are dynamic, meaning they change every so often, I recommend setting up a service that will give you a sub-domain that will always point to your public IP, even when it changes. The service I use is called No-IP. It requires the installation of a program on some computer on your local network (preferably one that is always on), which it uses to find your current IP address at all times. Visit the site for more information on how to set up dyanamic DNS.


Ubuntu group permission for directories and files

The permissions on folder dubac are:

drwxrw----  3 dubac         dubac         4096 Svi 29 13:49 dubac

dubac user  has permissions rwx
dubac group has permissions rw
other has no permission

In order to cd into a directory you need the x permission (also known as execution)

Since you aren't the dubac user, you need to have the x permission on the group or other sections. But none of them has the x permission.

Running sudo chmod g+x /home/dubac will add the x permission to the dubac group and will allow you to cd inside /home/dubac folder


does logitech C922 Pro compatible with ubuntu 16.04?

You should have a look into ubuntu webcam help page which handles this topic pretty thoroughly.

You may also search the list of devices supported by uvc driver directly.

Afaik there is no luck with c922.


you can install it through wine. Open your terminal and type as

sudo apt-get install wine

after installing wine.

You should have downloaded the .exe Tally software .

Now right click on that TallySoftware.exe  and choose install with wine if you have GUI.

If you dont have GUI you can do it from command line as

wine /path/to/tallysoftware.exe

Then it will install. Hope that helps.


I cannot type "|" in Ubuntu on VirtualBox

For console-only instances, e.g. servers, install the console-data package.

sudo apt-get install console-data

Set up the input language.

sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-data

When the configuration dialog is displayed, choose to select a keymap from the "arch list". The most common keyboard layout is "qwerty" (look at the first row of letters in your keyboard), so choose this unless you have something different.

Next, select a keyboard layout. The English language keyboard contains the | and \ characters that are currently missing.

Press OK and you're done. Reboot the guest OS  with sudo reboot to use your new keyboard layout.


It is possible to copy home folder to NTFS and keep permissions?

As long as the drive is connected to a Linux system, the Linux file permissions and ownership cannot be transferred to the NTFS file system. If the NTFS drive is hooked up to a Windows system and accessed over the network by e.g. the SMB protocol, then you can, to a certain extent, retain file permissions and ownership.


after upgrading to 17.04 tint2 can't resize windows

This is how autohide works now. The behaviour was changed to improve compatibility with applications which did not handle well repeated resize events when maximized. Now tint2 autohide implements the normal behaviour, as in lxpanel, xfcepanel and all others. Even the windows taskbar works like this. Tint2 had the odd behaviour, and there were applications that did not expect it and did not work well with it.

Normally I try to avoid behavioural changes, or changes that break backwards compatibility with older configurations, but in this case this was the only solution that was realistic.

On top of this, it is much faster. Before, it was slow if there were many windows open, or if resizing was computationally heavy, as in VirtualBox windows for example, or games. Some users complained about it. But now showing the panel is practically instant.

If you want tint2 to always "push" the maximized windows, you can disable autohide.


How to make the file accessible only through its own server?

You can trick the server via adding the following record in your /etc/hosts file, that server as local DNS, thus the Cloudflare's DNS setup will be ignored:
95.216.xx.xx lamtakam.com

You can't use https:// for localhost/ because the SSL/HTTPS certificates are issued for a concrete domain name, i.e. lamtakam.com, etc.
You could bind lamtakam.com and probably lamtakam.test to the loop back interface (127.0.0.1 for IPv4 and ::1 for IPv6) by modifying the relevant line of /etc/hosts in this way:
127.0.0.1 localhost lamtakam.com www.lamtakam.com lamtakam.test www.lamtakam.test

In this case you should edit the .htaccess file in a way as this:
<Files *.php>
    Require host lamtakam.test lamtakam.com
    Require ip 127.0.0.1
</Files>

Note ::1 is the IPv6 loopback interface, but we didn't created an appropriate entry   in the /etc/hosts file, so we do not need impossible require rule for that IP.

This second approach (by using the loopback interface) is more flexible, because even you change the server's public IP you wont need to change your .htaccess setup.


To install super-boot-manager on Ubuntu 14.04, run the below commands on terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ingalex/super-boot-manager
sudo sh -c "sed -i 's/trusty/raring/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ingalex-super-boot-manager-trusty.list"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install super-boot-manager
sudo apt-get install -f

Finally run it by,

super-boot-manager


How to set wired interface on Monitor Mode?

But how do i set my wired connection on monitor mode

You don't.  Monitor mode is a Wi-Fi concept that doesn't apply to wired networks.

  so that i can capture wired traffic too on wireshark?

On a wired network, if you want to capture traffic that's not being sent to or from your machine, you need to put the adapter into promiscuous mode; Wireshark (and tcpdump) default to doing so, so you'd have to do something special not to put the adapter into promiscuous mode.

However, most Ethernet networks are switched, and, on a switched Ethernet,  it's not sufficient to turn on promiscuous mode; you also have to arrange that the switch send you other hosts' traffic.


I suspect the most productive thing you might try is to compile the backported driver from kernel version 3.13. Please get a temporary wired ethernet, USB modem, tethered or any reliable internet connection. Open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential

Download this file to your desktop: http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/backports/stable/v3.13.2/backports-3.13.2-1.tar.xz  Right-click it and select 'Extract Here.' Now back to the terminal:

cd ~/Desktop/backports-3.13.2-1
make defconfig-wifi
make
sudo make install

The process takes some time; please be patient. After it completes, you may get a warning about signing which you may safely ignore. Reboot and let us have your report.

I understand you may have tried several techniques. Do you have a parameter file? We ought to see what is in it and decide if we still need it:

cat /etc/modprobe.d/rt2800pci.conf


Booting into single-user mode will keep most of the services (including X) off, and bringing up the network and sshd services should be enough to make it usable for your purposes.


ATI Raedon 68e1 Binary drivers not working in Ubuntu 10.04

At last solved this with

sudo update-alternatives --set gl_conf /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf

command to set gl_conf to fglrx as an altenative to mesa. Its a life saver command :) , Got help from this helpful
 link


kernel panic-not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on unknown block(0,0)

After further investigation and understanding that my system differs from a lot of online instructions as it was configured using LVM, reinstalling older kernals etc. The system appears to be booting without issue, some of my issues might not have been issues at all just ignorant to the setup of "seeing" GRUB boot and console not loading.

One thing that did assist was Super-Grub2-disk here as it confirmed my Ubuntu installation would load- https://www.supergrubdisk.org/

Now for a bit of a tidy up of my system after learning what I have.

A few things to note:
ESC shows the Grub menu on my system, not SHIFT.
To show my console use CTRL+ALT+F1 to load the TTY1 console, I need to update my GRUB config install to bypass this.


Can we set Nemo or Nautilus, to show hidden files per directory?

I don't completely understand your question, but if you want to display hidden files, type Ctrl-H.

By default, this toggles the display of hidden files in most file managers, including Nautilus and Nemo.


Cannot access internet due to tampering with resolv.conf

To undo the damage, do

sudo rm -f /etc/resolv.conf
sudo dpkg-reconfigure resolvconf


Ubuntu occasionally hangs even with low CPU load, free RAM and free space available

This question has many possible answers:

What type of hard drive does the computer has?

If you have a regular HDD what's making your system to hang is the swapping process, the OS is using hard drive memory to store information that should be stored in RAM.

If you're using a SSD drive swapping is also slow but not as much as the first case. Check your 'swappiness' by reading /proc/sys/vm/swappiness file, default is 60, you could try changing it to 10 (or even less) and see what happens. This way the system will swap only when 90% of the RAM memory is busy.

From : https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt

  swappiness

  This control is used to define how aggressive the kernel will swap
  memory pages.  Higher values will increase agressiveness, lower values
  decrease the amount of swap.

  The default value is 60.

To change the swappiness level your need to run this command:

echo 10  | sudo tee --append  /proc/sys/vm/swappiness

You can also try lower values.

If nothing works, you should consider upgrading to 8 GB RAM or running heavy processes on a cloud virtual machine (AWS, Google Cloud, etc.)


AMD A6-3420M resolution widder than it should be

It seems to be an issue with the way Compiz is displaying the window. Try right-clicking in the empty space to the left of the new tab button, then select "Use system title bar and borders".


Ubuntu 20.04 not asking password when coming out of sleep

Found the solution here Ubuntu 18.04 refuses to use lock screen

I just needed to add the following command on the startup applications :

gnome-screensaver &

Don't know what was the issue exactly, but happy to see that it finally works. I've spent so many hours on this


How to delete/remove /home partition, and use / as home?

I have a separate /home partition for ubuntu, which i want to delete and create a new partition out of it, which i will share between ubuntu and windows.

Not possible. /home MUST be posix compliant: so it needs to be ext2, 3 or 4. Windows is not posix compliant. You can only set permissions when mounting NTFS and everything then is set to that user and group. /home/ has more than 1 owner for files so that makes NTFS unusable. Linux will refuse to work with a /home that is NTFS.

Also: Never delete /home/: you create a point of no return and you should always avoid those. A /home/ is best placed on the SAME DISK as /. Otherwise it might end up NOT mounting during boot and you'll have more problems than needed

Please create a new mount point (and that new mount point can be NTFS so you can share it with Windows) and then edit ~./config/users-dirs.dirs to use that mount point; the list of directories can be on any if the mayor filesystems. All of this can be created before copying (not moving) files from /home/ to the new mount point and all you need to move are the normal directories; not the hidden files in /home/.

After you are confident this went well you can remove the directories in /home/.


Libspellchecker plugin not loading in codeblocks that is installed in ubuntu 19.10

A only temporary way to resolve this warning issue is to go to usr/lib/codeblocks/plugins and remove (as root) thelibSpellChecker.so file

With that the warning will disappear

I haven't figured out a better way to fix the problem, which in my case is happening in Debian


Problem with dual booting Ubuntu on Dell xps 13

You should be using Rufus to create your installation medium.

be sure to configure it to use GPT and UEFI :

leave it on Fat32

and things should run much more smoothly from there.

ideally, before rebooting to the ubuntu USB and installing, open up a powershell run as Administrator and type:

powercfg -h off

this will ensure hard drives are shutdown correctly and that they can be written to.


How to change bgcolor of active tab in chrome/chromium?

There is a setting in Chrome to use your GTK theme.  This post also has good instructions:

How to change web browser's tab bar background color or image?


If you'd like to for off subshells you can use the builtin

  ()

special characters to do so. To run them in the background use your

  &

You can read more about subshells here : Subshells at TLDP Advanced Bash Scripting Guide

This would lead to

#!/bin/bash
if [[ -n "$2" ]]
    then
         wmctrl -s $2
fi

(terminator --working-directory=$1) &
(subl $1 )&
(smartgithg.sh $1 )&
(chromium-browser )&


MP4 and other format Video Issues Ubuntu 20.04

Since you're using Ubuntu 20.04, you should install the ubuntu-restricted-extras package. The package contains all the necessary codecs for media playback on the system.
It also contains the Microsoft fonts and the flash package (I think this one has been removed though) but it's better not to include those two, unless you really need those fonts.
The command to install the package is: sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras.


TeXmaker as default application to open tex files

If you can not associate from GUI - you may try to set tex-file association in configuration file ~/.config/mimeapps.list     .

Add (or change existing) line

text/x-tex=texmaker.desktop;

to the section

[Added Associations]


OpenMP unable to use multiple threads, no error associated with compilation

There are two errors in your code, that is why you are unable to use multiple threads.

First Error is a typo in OMP Compiler Directives. You have written

#pragma omp parallal

Correct one should be, (the word is parallel not parallal)

#pragma omp parallel

Second Error is an invalid return 0 inside OpenMP structured block. The correct code should look like,

#include "omp.h"
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
    omp_set_num_threads(4);
    #pragma omp parallel
    {
        int id = omp_get_thread_num();
        printf("Hello (%d)", id );
        printf("World (%d)\n", id );
    }
return 0;
}

Compilation:

$ gcc prog.c -fopenmp
$ ./a.out
Hello (0)World (0)
Hello (2)World (2)
Hello (1)World (1)
Hello (3)World (3)


Why doesn't target destination in Testdisk have a directory tree?

I'm not sure where testdisk is looking, but it should be able to browse right from your root directory to anywhere (if it's running as root/sudo), and it usually only targets devices for working on, not mountpoints, maybe that's the problem?

apt-get should definitely install testdisk, it's in ubuntu's universe repository, maybe universe isn't enabled in your sources so it's not showing up? dpkg -i can install downloaded .deb files too, though usually apt is easier / safer.


How to install a Lexmark z600 series printer?

HOWTO: Lexmark Printers Page 69 post 68 by VietCanada this worked!.

install libstdc++5 from synaptic.
install getlibs-all.deb.
install lexmark.z600-0.4.deb.
go to
System/Administration/Printing.
choose Lexmark z600 printer

Only seems to work for 64 bit though, on a 32 bit Ubuntu 11.04 Install, the  package lexmark.z600-0.4.deb can't be installed due to a missing dependency libcupsys2 which i can't install.


How to install LXDE and keep default login

I installed it via lxde-core for the core desktop and openbox for the x server and misc. utilities


mkvtoolnix-gui
Notes:

there is no re-encoding involved, so
the merging process takes only a
couple of seconds
it can merge other  video formats,
like avi, mp4, but the  output is
always mkv
it can't merge videos  with different
apect ratios

For more info see the documentation here

Quick how-to:
Click "add", select the first video, then click "append", then select the other videos to append. You can select multiple videos as long as you select them in order or you can append one by one. Then click "Start muxing". You might want to change the output filename. The other options are not really necessary for basic merging. Nevertheless, you can also add multiples subtitles in various formats or languages and also multiple audio tracks.


Adobe Reader -- exists on Android, but not in Linux?

The Ubuntu Document Viewer program (also called Evince) does support filling fields.  The catch seems to be that the document must be local (on your HDD) and the mechanism for saving the filled form data is to choose "Save a Copy as..."


Installing Ubuntu on a Windows 8 (pre-installed) laptop

You need to use the Ubuntu 12.10 64 bit version and be sure to boot it in UEFI mode not BIOS/legacy/AHCI mode.

Prolly after installing you will have to use boot repair on a live session since it will keep booting windows 8.


Can't hold left button on touchpad and drag in 12.04 and no right click

This is the fix for right click on a touchpad with no buttons i.e. a clickpad!!

create a folder:

/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/

the create a file called 51.synaptics.conf

open gedit in root and save the file in the above folder with the following text in the file:

Section "InputClass"
Identifier "Default clickpad buttons"
MatchDriver "synaptics"
Option "SoftButtonAreas" "50% 0 82% 0 0 0 0 0"
EndSection

log out and then log back in again and you will have right click

if you do not have a clickpad and have actual buttons see what your touchpad is capable off:

xinput -list (to find the name of your touchpad)

then:

xinput list-props "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" | grep Capabilities

you should see some output like this:

Synaptics Capabillities (295):  1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1

the numbers mean the following:

(1) device has a physical left button
(0) device does not have a physical middle button
(0) device does not have a physical right button
(1) device does support two-finger detection
(1) device does support three-finger detection
(1) device can configure vertical resolution
(1) device can configure horizontal resolution

if I was you I would take a look at the my comment and follow the link, this should help solve your problem.


cd /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log throwing "no such file or directory"

Your problem is that you specified a file /var/log/mongodb/mongodb.log, while cd (Change Directory) wants a directory. Do
cd /var/log/mongodb

instead.


How to capture desktop sounds (Pulse Audio output) from avconv?

The syntax to invoke avconv is nicely explained in the manpage for avconv. From audio recordings the following options are available:

-f: Force input or output file format.
-i: input file name

To record from ALSA we need the format to be alsa, and the input depends on the device we record (usually this will be the defualt device). Then your command should be as follows:

avconv -f alsa -i default record.wav

To simply record from an ALSA device we may consider using the more basic command line tool arecord. This gives the following example command for a 10 second (-d) recording in cd quality (-f) in wav codec (-t):

arecord -d 10 -f cd -t wav -D copy record.wav

To be able to record from  an output sink, we may have to choose a duplex audio profile in "Sound Settings --> Hardware":

Unfortunately In >= 13.04 the hardware configuration was removed from the sound settings. To have access to advanced device configurations we need to install and run pavucontrol . The duplex profile can then be selected in the Configuration tab:


Using LDAP for authentication messes up my PowerKVM guest with Ubuntu 14.04.01

Turns out to be a regression bug in PowerKVM.

An update to PowerKVM is expected in the coming weeks - we can be contacted on DeveloperWorks if a fix is desired sooner.  https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/group/tpl

There is no work-around known...  LDAP is not typically a common-case..


I have used Ubuntu for a while but still learning. A quick guide to commands can be found at: cheatography.com

Also I have just started reading " How Linux Works" by Brian Ward. Published by "No Starch Press" and available to buy on line. It is a fairly large book but explains, mostly in simple terms how Linux/Ubuntu work.
One thing you must learn first is how to back up your system and files, especially before carrying out any task that may corrupt your system.

I use the backup utility that comes with Ubuntu and I also find a program called "Grsync" very useful. It synchronises two sets of files/folders or your complete home folder to a different location, and is available from the software centre.


The nvidia prime indicator makes switching more easy.

source: prime-indicator-lets-you-quickly-switch

Open a terminal and type the following commands to install the package and add the ppa.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install prime-indicator

Update:

To fix the glx info not found error, type the following command:

sudo apt-get install mesa-utils

You may have to reboot for the changes to take effect.

Also, the "safest" driver can be found if you open ubuntu software-center, select edit, software sources, and then click on the additional drivers tab. The safest driver is listed as "tested".


Try StrongSwan:

https://www.strongswan.org

On the link you can find installation and configuration instructions, and also many examples.


How to Auto Start VNC - I can launch it from SSH but after a reboot, it doesn't auto start

Do the following:

Validate your UID
 $ id

it will return your uid=xxxx. In my case it is 1000.
 $ id
 uid=1000(ubuntu) gid=................

Keep this number handy for the following

Modify the x11vnc.service file
 $ sudo vi /lib/systemd/system/x11vnc.service

and add the following:
 [Unit]
 Description=Start x11vnc at startup.
 After=multi-user.target
 [Service]
 Type=simple
 ExecStart=/usr/bin/x11vnc -loop -forever -bg -rfbport 5900 -xkb -noxrecord -noxfixes -noxdamage -shared -norc -auth /run/user/**UID**/gdm/Xauthority -rfbauth /etc/x11vnc.pass
 [Install]
 WantedBy=multi-user.target

Save your file, and remember to change the UID with your uid number.

Enable as a service:
 $ sudo systemctl enable x11vnc.service
 $ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
 $ sudo systemctl start x11vnc.service

That's it !!!
Now reboot and try. Remember that you have to login in order to connect to VNC, otherwise (for security) you will not be able to login.
Also, have in mind that there are other alternatives to VNC, such as TeamViewer or AnyDesktop.


Using curl on my Ubuntu 13.04 in an attempt to connect to Win & web service

It means that port 80 is either not accessible to you, or the web server on that IP address is not listening on port 80.


You should specify the filesystem since mount don't recognize it:

sudo mount -t xfs /dev/sdc2 /media/mntiomega

That should do the trick. Also, verify that you have installed xfsprogs and xfsdump packages.


How do I preseed the installer to use a specific locale?

Check out Ubuntu Customization Kit in the Ubuntu Software Centre.

Details on the customization kit are on http://uck.sourceforge.net/ It should pretty much solve your needs.

The manual you request is here: https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/installation-guide/i386/preseed-using.html

Good luck - what you are attempting to is not a simple thing to do without a manual :-)


18.04.2 LTS - How to disconnect from wireless network, not turn off/on adapter

There is no GUI way..

But you can run nmcli connection down $SSID

from man nmcli some of the conent:

CONNECTION MANAGEMENT COMMANDS

   nmcli connection {show | up | down | modify | add | edit | clone | delete | monitor |
                    reload | load | import | export} [ARGUMENTS...]

down [id | uuid | path | apath] ID...
           Deactivate a connection from a device without preventing the device from further
           auto-activation. Multiple connections can be passed to the command.


The root file system UUID would also have been written into the GRUB configuration file, /boot/grub/grub.conf, and that should be corrected as well.


How do I set the default terminal profile?

Under Edit → Profiles set the "Profile used when opening a new terminal" to the profile you want.


--reinstall install:

Normally, this is written install --reinstall, but both work just fine. This simply is telling apt-get to reinstall the package(s).

linux-headers-:

linux-headers- is the beginning of a package name. If you run dpkg -l | grep linux-headers- you can see a full list of any packages installed that begin with that:

Header files are, from the GNU site:

  A header file is a file containing C declarations and macro
  definitions to be shared between several source files. You request the
  use of a header file in your program by including it, with the C
  preprocessing directive ‘#include’.

And, as you can see from the response from dpkg -l | grep linux-headers-, the packages that start with linux-headers- are the header files for the Linux kernel.

`uname -r`:

This is what is known as Command Substitution. (The link is to the faqs.org page about the BASH command substitution capabilities.)

This runs the uname -r command, which returns the current kernel version:

and then puts what is returned from the uname -r command into the sudo apt-get --reinstall install linux-headers-`uname -r` command.

From the faqs.org page:

  Command substitution allows the output of a command to replace the
  command itself. Command substitution occurs when a command is enclosed
  as follows:

$(command)

  or

`command`

  Bash performs the expansion by executing command and replacing the
  command substitution with the standard output of the command, with any
  trailing newlines deleted.

Also, see this Unix/Linux Q/A about understand BASH backticks.

Now, you don't see this happen - you just see the results. However, if you did see the command after the uname -r response was put into the command, this is somewhat it would look like (changing for your current kernel version obviously):

sudo apt-get --reinstall install linux-headers-3.16.0-31-generic

Simplified version:

You're telling apt-get to reinstall the linux-headers package for your current kernel version.


Try using a program called Clonezilla.

Open Terminal

Type

Sudo apt-get install Clonezilla

Then type

sudo clonezilla

Choose your credentials and clone your drive over.


There could be several reasons why it happens:

An application start running in background.
Your system runs out of memory and start swapping.
Your system disk is heavily fragmented.
Your graphic card has problem rendering an specific artifact
Gremlins in your PC.

You should run heuristics diagnosis on your system, make sure everything is optimized for playing, that nothing could slow it down.


Firefox, Thunderbird will not open after attempting upgrade 14.04-14.10

I mistakenly copied my user directories to the top level of my /home partition instead of in my user directory (/home/username/). I re-copied the firefox directories I deleted earlier to the correct location. I lost my bookmarks, but at least everything worked.


Remove python-leap-common

sudo apt-get remove python-leap-common

The important part about removing python-leap-common from /var/lib/dpkg/status is to remove the whole block of information about it. Refer here ...


For my Ubuntu 19.10 (eoan) hibernate package from universe works seamlessly,
when pm-utils fails.

Hardware: Dell Precision 7510

sudo apt-get install hibernate
sudo hibernate

NOTE: don't forget to save all your open documents before trying to hibernate for the first time.


wmctrl is a UNIX/Linux command line tool to interact with an EWMH/NetWM compatible X Window Manager.

Ubuntu Desktop still uses compiz as its compositing window manager, which talks to X server. so wmctl is applicable.

while Ubuntu Touch is moving towards a new graphics infrastructure based on mir, which is a replacement for X server. So there's no X11 stuff on Ubuntu Touch, no DISPLAY environment variable.

wmctl expects the X11 DISPLAY environment variable and it complains "Cannot open display" when it's not there.


The simplest way is to use a program called xbacklight , open your terminal and type this

sudo apt-get install xbacklight

Brightness range can go upto 100 from 0 .
type this xbacklight -set 50 to set brightness to 50 from 100.

you can also increase and decrease the brightness from present value to specified level if you want to increase to 10% from current value of brightness then you can give this

xbacklight -inc 10

and to decrease 10% you can give this

xbacklight -dec 10


Change file permissions for the entire folder

I'm assuming you mean the files in the entire directory. In that case, use a wildcard (*) to apply it to all files:

chmod go+r *

or

chmod 644 *

Both do the same thing.

EDIT: As has been said in the comments, you need to do chmod 755 SampleOutputs/ to have execute permissions on the container folder itself (to be able to cd into it). However, I'd leave out the -R option because it will make all the files inside the folder executable, as well.


Best practice for updating a software that was installed via `checkinstall`

The crucial installation option with checkinstall is the --pkgversion option. If this is set correctly:

A lesser version of your checkinstall-installed software  will not overwrite a more recent version of your software application
A more recent version will replace your checkinstall-installed software application

In this way checkinstall integrates very nicely with the Ubuntu package management system, and this system will automatically make room for a checkinstall produced package.

You do not necessarily have to specify this option on the commandline as checkinstall will normally do a great job of finding the correct version number...


I ran the command ps -aux after I logged in to see all the processes that ran after I logged in. By checking the output of ps -aux I saw that ibus ran after I logged in.

Apparently, GNOME installs ibus by default (source), and ibus was to blame for changing my keyboard layout.

To change the input layout for ibus, I ran the command ibus-setup and went to tab "Input Method" and added "Swedish - Swedish (Dvorak)" as my only input method. After logging out and in again I now use Svorak directly when I log in.


What's the difference between the snap folder in /home/UserName and the snap folder in root (/)?

The /snap-directory contains a file named README:

This directory presents installed snap packages.

It has the following structure:

/snap/bin                   - Symlinks to snap applications.
/snap/<snapname>/<revision> - Mountpoint for snap content.
/snap/<snapname>/current    - Symlink to current revision, if enabled.

DISK SPACE USAGE

The disk space consumed by the content under this directory is
minimal as the real snap content never leaves the .snap file.
Snaps are *mounted* rather than unpacked.

For further details please visit
https://forum.snapcraft.io/t/the-snap-directory/2817

To sum it up, this directory contains the mount-points for your snaps and several symlinks which are needed by snapd.

The directory /home/<username>/snap holds the configuration files for your snaps.


It's a security measure by Xampp.
In the end of xampp/apache/conf/extra/httpd-xampp.conf you can find the following code:

<LocationMatch "^/(?i:(?:xampp|security|licenses|phpmyadmin|webalizer|server-status|server-info))">
    Require local
    ErrorDocument 403 /error/XAMPP_FORBIDDEN.html.var
</LocationMatch>

Edit it adding you lan prefix, for example:

<LocationMatch "^/(?i:(?:xampp|security|licenses|phpmyadmin|webalizer|server-status|server-info))">
    Require local
    Require ip 192.168
    ErrorDocument 403 /error/XAMPP_FORBIDDEN.html.var
</LocationMatch>


http://www.iasptk.com/save-screen-brightness-settings-in-ubuntu-1204-laptop

Some Ubuntu laptops screen brightness reset to the lowest or highest on every boot and you have to configure the screen birghtness on every login.

To save the screen brightness settings in Ubuntu laptop.

Open a terminal window, and execute this command to edit /etc/rc.local:

sudo nano /etc/rc.local

Add this before the last line “exit 0″:

echo 5 > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

number 5 is the value of your screen brightness. With this command check the maximum:

cat /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/max_brightness


How to mounting a Windows shared folder with samba?

It seems that the ip address resolution failed.

you need change PC01 to the ip address of machine on which the samba server runs.

if you want a gui client for samba, you can try nautilus (the default file manager for ubuntu). nautilus supports a variety of remote services, e.g. smb, afp, sftp, ssh, davs, dav, ftp.

open "Connect to Server" dialog from nautilus menu. and type the server address,
e.g. smb://10.0.0.6 (or smb://shared,if you have set up your hosts file or dns server)


I understand that you want to check whether the DVD created by the downloaded .iso file is ok.

If this is the case, go to the newly created DVD's root folder and open a terminal there.  Canonical places an md5sum.txt file there for this purpose.  Check the DVD by typing:

md5sum --quiet --check md5sum.txt

If everything is ok, you will see nothing but the terminal prompt after the check is over.  If even one file is not ok, md5sum will show it to you.


Ubuntu 12.04 problem with E160 huawei - can't detect the device and freezing system

Can you try wader-core? It should definitely support the Huawei E160.

sudo apt-get install wader-core

And then try a reboot.


Setting up SFTP to log in to server with Filezilla

Here I'm assuming you are able to ssh/sftp to your user's home directory successfully and you want to edit (with your user) files and folders under /var/www that are owned by user and :group - www-data:www-data (without changing their ownership).

Here I'm assuming also the topic How to avoid using sudo when working in /var/www? doesn't cover you needs. For example you don't want to change the permissions under /var/www.

I think the most easiest and clear way to solve this task is to mount /var/www (or certain directory inside) into your user's home directory and change the owner to your user and :group. This could be achieved by the tool bindfs:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install bindfs

Here we will mount the entire directory /var/www in a directory called also www/ and located in your user's home directory.

mkdir "$HOME/www"
sudo bindfs -u $(id -u) -g $(id -g) --create-for-user=www-data --create-for-group=www-data /var/www "$HOME/www"

The command substitutions $(id -u) and $(id -g) will return the UID and GID of the current user.
If you want to execute the above command for another user use $(id -u <user>) and $(id -g <user>). Where <user> is an actual username.
For more details about the arguments used with bindfs read its manual page - man bindfs.
If you want to un-mount ~/www ($HOME/www) use the command:

sudo fusermount -u ~/www

To mount /var/www in ~/www automatically during the system startup add the following line into the bottom of /etc/fstab:

bindfs#/var/www /home/<user>/www fuse force-user=<uid>,force-group=<gid>,create-for-user=www-data,create-for-group=www-data 0 0

Note: you should replace <user> with the actual username; also should replace <uid> and <gid> with the actual UID and GID of the <user>, you can find them by the commands: id -u <user> and id -u <user>.
To see the result reboot the system or execute:

sudo mount -a    # maybe you should execute `sudo fusermount -u ~/www` first

Here is animated demo how this works:

Update:

The only limitation of this approach that I found is when you change the ownership of the bind directory this will change the ownership also for the source directory. For example the next command is not a good idea:

chown -R $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/www

Maybe there is a suitable option for the bindfs command that will prevent this to happen, but I can't tell that at the moment.

Notes:

SOS Directory Nightmare - Possible for a directory to have two different users with full access?
What is the "t" letter in the output of "ls -ld /tmp"?
How do I give www-data user to a folder in my home folder?
Permissions problems with /var/www/html and my own home directory for a website document root