Can I run Ubuntu in live mode permanentely?

The main difference to a pure live session is persistence of your modifications to the system across reboots no matter where you install Ubuntu, i.e. modifications are erased if you turn off the non-persistent live session (or someone pull the thumbdrive out of USB plug and asks politely if he_she might borrow that for a second). Adding a persistence mode to a live session is possible, though, see https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCD/Persistence or get started with multisystem, so that this difference can be compensated.

Note: not answering about differences to an installation on HDD as requested in the question :)


Is there any alternative for gnome-appearance-properties?

You could try gtk-chtheme for basic selection of themes. I've also installed metacity-themes, shiki-colors and customised window buttons through gconf-editor under .../apps/metacity/.


Lots of trouble with Broadcom Network Adapter - Ubuntu 16.04

UPDATE: SOLVED

I decided to return to Installing Broadcom Wireless Drivers and take a look at a couple of the other highly-rated answers. The second answer (https://askubuntu.com/a/38700/662449) worked for me. I bent around it a little, reinstalling bcmwl-kernel-source after the other operations. During my reboot, I also disabled Secure Boot directly from the UEFI menu. Logging into the account, I am now connected to my home network.

Thanks again to Pilot6 for trying to help me solve the issue!


How can I create an EXT4 partition with an extra large number of inodes?

Using mkfs -t ext4 -N iNumberOfINodes /dev/XdY where iNumberOfINodes is a 32-bit number so the maximum possible number of inodes on any ext2/3/4 file system is 2^32-1, or 4,294,967,295 (~4 billion).


Put the sub-command output between apostrophes

Back-ticks `` have been deprecated in favor of subcommands ran with $(...) instead.  Also, you should replace the single-quotes with double-quotes in case you have file names with spaces in them.

Note: You can use the single-quotes around the file names with spaces, but you should use the double-quotes around the subcommands.

mv "$(ls | head -1)" "Music/my playlist/"

Hope this helps!


How can I get Kindle for PC working on Ubuntu 12.04?

Kindle PC Under wine instructions:

Choice 1:  http://www.redshirtlinux.com/?p=163  (Deadlink now)
Choice 2:  http://stream-recorder.com/forum/installing-kindle-pc-ubuntu-11-04-linux-t9007.html?s=d4a87549f4ade753348218083ce7868c&amp;

+1 For Calibre as well.

Summary of links above, paraphrased.

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wine1.3

Download Kindle for PC. The link should work 'till amazon changes the link.
wine KindleForPC-installer.exe

wine ~/.wine/drive_c/Program Files/Amazon/Kindle For PC/Kindle.exe

This will run the actual app, assuming no errors occured.


You seem to have added the wrong PPA, the instructions state that the PPA is ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3, the PPA you're getting errors for is some other PPA run by someone else.

You can remove bad sources by following the instructions here:

How can PPAs be removed?

From your file list I see that you have gnome3-team-gnome3-natty.list, this is where the bad URL is. You'll want to remove that file and then follow the linked directions for the right instructions to add the PPA.


Icon, font size in default file manager and desktop ubuntu 16.04

In Files on the upper right side you have three icons, click the middle icon, then you can see a slider bar just below the middle icon, moving the tab would change the icon size in the folders.


The ASUS EeePC recognizes the flash drive as another hard drive so when you boot it select F2 to get into the BIOS.  You will have to move the flash drive (which is under hard drive) ahead of your internal hard drive.  Then just save and continue with the boot.  The computer will then boot from the flash.


This was reported as a bug here and the solution that helped me was this
or follow these steps:
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

sudo apt-get update -o Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order::=gz

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Hope it works for anyone with the same issue.


How to configure pidgin-sipe in Empathy?

This is a regression in the newest form of Empathy. Say this bug affects you to get it fixed:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/empathy/+bug/1070377


Unity desktop shortcuts display path to file

Open Nautilus, and in the menu section look for Edit -> Preferences -> Display:  There is a series of settings for what captions should be shown under icons in this menu.


I would like to run a command as a bash script?

To create the script:

echo "sudo dpkg --get-selections | grep -v deinstall" > script.sh

Then, to give execute permission:

chmod 750 script.sh

Finally, to execute:

./script.sh


Telegram links doesn't works as expected

You can check this solution, same issue:  https://github.com/telegramdesktop/tdesktop/issues/2630


Wifi connectivity problem in 16.10 with Driver RTL8723B Wireless LAN

From the usb.id you posted above and from lsmod, we see that your device  uses the driver rtl8xxxu. When you run a live session from the USB, check to see what driver is loaded:

lsmod | grep rtl

It is a relatively new driver and, so far, we are unaware of any problems. Of course, it is easy enough to find out for sure. Run the live session for a few days and try it. If it works correctly, then proceed to install Ubuntu.

If you are still having trouble connecting, please check the settings in the router. WPA2-AES is preferred; not any WPA and WPA2 mixed mode and certainly not TKIP. Second, if your router is capable of N speeds, you may have better connectivity with a channel width of 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band instead of automatic 20/40 MHz, although it is likely to affect N speeds. I also have better luck with a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.

Next, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Check yours:

sudo iw reg get

If you get 00, that is a one-size-maybe-fits-all setting. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Then set it temporarily:

sudo iw reg set IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Set it permanently:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/crda

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit.

Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

Next, I'd set IPv6 to Ignore in Network Manager: http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/18/html/Installation_Guide/images/netconfig/network-connections-ipv6-ignore.png This example is for ethernet, but you want wireless.


AFAIK the recommended way is to use pkcon. Copy your .click file to the device and run the following command on the device itself (by using adb shell or SSH):

pkcon --allow-untrusted install-local com.ubuntu.developer.abc.def_0.123_armhf.click

This does not require root privileges.


I've had the same "issue" on 14.04.Go to Preferences(System Settings) > Sound > Sound Effects and mute the alert.


Installed Ubuntu via Wubi, upgraded, now my network card appears to be fried

I don't at all know what could have possibly happened, but here's something you can try to confirm the network card has failed: Make a liveCD/liveUSB and boot into Ubuntu with it on your machine. If, from the liveCD, you can use wireless, something probably went wrong within Windows and somehow affected the wubi installation.

If, within the live environment, wireless still fails to work, I can only suggest taking the machine to hardware folks.


Creating a toolbar with buttons like Software Center

The Global Pane in the code sets up the toolbar: softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/panes/globalpane.py

While the ViewSwitcher class draws the buttons on the Global Pane:
softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/panes/viewswitcher.py

Each button is added as a custom SectionSelector class composed of a custom cairo drawn Gtk.Image (SymbolicIcon class), a label and an optional drop down channel selector.  You should check out the viewswitcher.py file for more detail.

The SectionSelector class is in: softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/widgets/buttons.py
and is itself built from a custom class in that file.

Luckily, most of the code looks very reusable so you can probably copy and use them in your software.


can't install ubuntu 12.04 64-bit in VMware or Virtualbox on windows 7 64-bit system

As OP mentioned:

  I was finally able to install using the DVD iso but had to be very,
  very patient.  It completed after almost 5 hours or so!  But, I'm
  thankful to finally be able to run it!


How to download packages without using the software center?

You will first wish to install aptitude, which is a front end to the various apt utilities.

sudo apt-get install aptitude

then

sudo aptitude install myprogram

You can aptitude search myprogram, too.

sudo aptitude update will sync your computers lists of programs available with the main servers at Ubuntu.

And sudo aptitude upgrade will download and install any new versions of programs you have already.

Those last 2 commands can be joined together to make installing all the bug fixes and new versions very easy:

sudo aptitude update && sudo aptitude -y upgrade

Be aware that -y option means it won't ask you for confirmation. Usually not a problem, but you never know.
`


What software is in the Canonical Partners repository?

$ grep Package /var/lib/apt/lists/archive.canonical.com_ubuntu_dists_bionic_partner_binary-amd64_Packages
Package: adobe-flashplugin
Package: adobe-flash-properties-gtk
Package: adobe-flash-properties-kde
Package: google-cloud-sdk

How to install Skype is mentioned in the official documentation. How to install Google Chrome is not, but OTOH it's not very hard to find out.


How to fix broken login screen on Ubuntu 19.04?

After lots of research on internet, I can say that gdm3 got broke because of my currently installed theme [Flat Remix] .
Simple way is to avoid gdm3 and use some other login screen like lightdm.
I just installed lightdm and everything is fine now.


How to make group owner of /var/www/html/*

First of all files will still have user owner.
They always have user and group owner.
Anyway - to make group owner set to developers for all contents of your dir:

groupadd developers
chgrp developers -R /var/www/html/*

This doesn't affect user owner.


I think it's not possible. virtual machines have special files that contains your second OS. Perhaps you can do it trough your VM software.


Regain access to root after setting the shell to /sbin/nologin

If you don't have any sudoers - you are screwed up :)

I'm afraid you will need to have a physical access and a Live CD/USB to fix this problem.


System is running in low-graphics mode after instaling Bumblebee in my Lenovo Z570 NVIDIA gpu

It's not the best help, but I'm experiencing a lot of problems trying to install nvidia drivers for my GT740M. While Geforce.com informs to us that driver 331.20 supports GT740M, by executing "grep -FN 'NVRM:' /var/log/kern.log", I can see:

52044:Apr 11 13:24:13 NAUTILUS kernel: [ 3270.758568] NVRM: The NVIDIA GPU 0000:0a:00.0 (PCI ID: 10de:1292)
52045:Apr 11 13:24:13 NAUTILUS kernel: [ 3270.758568] NVRM: Installed in this system is not supported by the 331.20
52046:Apr 11 13:24:13 NAUTILUS kernel: [ 3270.758568] NVRM: NVIDIA Linux driver release.  Please see 'Appendix
52047:Apr 11 13:24:13 NAUTILUS kernel: [ 3270.758568] NVRM: A - Supported NVIDIA GPU Products' in this release's
52048:Apr 11 13:24:13 NAUTILUS kernel: [ 3270.758568] NVRM: README, available on the Linux driver download page
52049:Apr 11 13:24:13 NAUTILUS kernel: [ 3270.758568] NVRM: at www.nvidia.com.
52051:Apr 11 13:24:13 NAUTILUS kernel: [ 3270.759140] NVRM: The NVIDIA probe routine failed for 1 device(s).
52052:Apr 11 13:24:13 NAUTILUS kernel: [ 3270.759143] NVRM: None of the NVIDIA graphics adapters were initialized!
52054:Apr 11 13:24:13 NAUTILUS kernel: [ 3270.759222] NVRM: NVIDIA init module failed!

Also, their 331.67 driver does not recognise my GPU (supposedly compatible with this driver, too!). I wrote to geforce.com commenting my problems. We'll see.

my original post, commands used, etc, in:

Ubuntu 12.04 Bumblebee vs Nvidia GeForce GT 740M

Best wishes! and Good Luck!


You don't need to reinstall Ubuntu, only reinstall Grub. You can boot from a LiveCD of Ubuntu and try reinstall it:

Open the live version. Open the terminal and run sudo fdisk -l to see where Linux is installed.

Run sudo mount /dev/sdaX /mnt where X is the number you have found Linux word in.

Run sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda to install grub.

Run sudo update-grub to update grub.

Reboot.

More information on reinstalling grub:

How do I reinstall grub2?


You can easily configure Evolution to Work with Yahoo! Mail IMAP service.
Go to; Edit > Preferences in the Evolution menu, in the Evolution Preferences dialogue, click the Mail Accounts button on the left, click the add button on the right, click the forward button on the Evolution Account Assistant dialogue, Enter your name and E-mail address, click the forward button, you will be taken to the Receiving Email dialogue, use the following settings;

Receiving Email dialogue;

Server Type: IMAP+

Server: imap.mail.yahoo.com

Username: Yahoo! ID without "@yahoo.com"

Security: SSL encryption

Authentication Type: Password

check mark: Remember Password

click forward, you will be taken to the Receiving Options, do the following;

check the Check for new messages in all folders checkbox and click forward, you will be taken to the sending Email dialogue, use the following;

Sending Email dialogue;

Server Type: SMTP

Server: smtp.mail.yahoo.com

checkmark: Server requires authentication

Security: SSL encryption

Type: PLAIN

Username: Yahoo! username without "@yahoo.com"

checkmark: Remember password

FOR POP3 SERVICE

you will need a paid account or a free account that will allow pop3 mail delivery, for the free account only some specific countries are allowed to use pop3, Yahoo UK is one of them,fortunately,you can create an account using addresses associated with these from anywhere,see this link; http://www.techiecorner.com/126/free-yahoo-pop3-email-account-yahoo-mail-sg-and-hk/

You may be able to change an existing free account to allow pop as well, see here; http://picobit.wordpress.com/2009/04/10/yahoo-mail-free-pop-access/ the results are mixed though.

On how to use evolution with yahoo pop3 service, see if this old thread is still relevant; http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=829046


16.04 Ati mobility radeon x1600 full resolution flickering

I know this is an old post, but it's also the top result on Google for several relevant queries, and there's nothing more frustrating than only finding unanswered questions from other users having the same problem. So in hopes of helping someone who passes by - even if you've given up by now, OP - here's what fixed the horrid screen tearing I experienced on my client's laptop with an X1600 on Linux Mint 18 MATE (solution should apply to any Ubuntu 16.04-based distro including 16.04 itself):

This thread on the Peppermint Linux forums suggests creating a 20-radeon.conf file with the specified parameters. I did so, but left out the DRI line. So, my /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-radeon.conf file reads:

Section "Device"
    Identifier "Radeon"
    Driver "radeon"
    Option "AccelMethod" "glamor"
    Option "TearFree" "on"
EndSection

I also removed the 10-amdgpu.conf file that was already in xorg.conf.d. I'm not certain this helped anything, but it didn't hurt, as the amdgpu driver does not and will never support this card. However, inxi -F previously showed both the ati and radeon drivers running for this card, and post-fix only radeon is loaded.

Magic! No nomodeset, no disabled hardware acceleration in browsers or disabling all visual effects in the DE.


Looks like Gnome 3.20 replaces synaptics with libinput (see this archlinux link for more info).


Overlapping docks after installing dash-to-dock in Ubuntu 20.04

Assuming that you've got the most current version of DtD, you'll need to move the following...
sudo apt-get purge gnome-shell-extension-ubuntu-dock
sudo mv /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/ubuntu-dock@ubuntu.com ~/Desktop

Restart gnome-shell...
ALT+F2, in the box type r, then ENTER


Where are "the Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently configuration list" stored?

It seems that a base list is built-in.

The Ignore-Files-Silently list can be used to specify which files APT
should silently ignore while parsing the files in the fragment
directories. Per default a file which ends with .disabled, ~, .bak or
.dpkg-[a-z]+ is silently ignored. As seen in the last default value
these patterns can use regular expression syntax.
[apt.conf manpage]


How can I watch Netflix on 32-bit Ubuntu systems?

With Firefox 49, it is once again possible to watch Netflix on 32 bit Ubuntu systems.  See this question for the procedure.


I had the same problem on my PC. Go to System Settings > Audio. Here you can test and set your sound card and microphone. I had to set my audio card to analog mode, after this all works fine. Maybe that will solve your problem as well.


"Unrecoverable error" during installation

Download ubuntu alternative installer and install with that.
Be advised that there is no guarantee that the same thing won't happen again after you install it.. but at least you'll get that far.


Open "System Settings" → "Software & Updates".

In the "Ubuntu Software" tab, uncheck the CDROM checkbox at the bottom.

In the "Other Software" tab, uncheck the two failing PPAs ("pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable" and "pipelight/stable").

Close the window and let it reload the software sources when it asks you for permission to do that afterwards.


How to Install a Macromedia Dreamweaver using Wine

Yes, wine utility is used for installing and running Windows programs on Ubuntu. So your Dreamweaver should also install. But it is always best to install and use Ubuntu or that particular OS specific version of software because running Windows program on Wine utility doesn't work properly with full features. This has been my experience so far. So now I try to use only Ubuntu specific versions of Windows softwares. Check if Dreamweaver has any Linux/Ubuntu specific version and use that if possible.


How do I solve green layer problem while playing HEVC in Ubuntu 14.04?

Before begin.
Stay away from VLC whatever VLC since I'm avid reader and writer and I've read a lot about it. Even VLC says that they're not the best player out there and when come to problems and they've posted a lot saying that they are trying to make the most compatible player possible. So it's not the best. You can argue.

1st possibility -
During my same problems as yours. I've changed to DivX player because I discovered DivX use different plugin and the video was DivX made and every different player use his own plugins for HEVC or libde265, as I remember.

2nd possibility -
Hardware compatibility. Try another computer instead and with recent graphic adapters like NVIDIA or AMD.

3rd possibility -
Play the video on Linux if you're using Windows and the reverse if you're using Linux play it on Windows.

I'd resolved easily the same problems as yours years ago as green screens, lines on the screen, video playing with lags and video not playing at all. All by using these methods above.

Hope it helps!

Edit: Changing to recent graphics adapter that may or not resolve your problem same as trying to play HVEC on Android devices. Because a lot hardware compatibility issues developers are trying to make it possible!

Non-related (only for android) external links:
Is there any Video Player for android that can play HEVC videos smoothly?
How to Enjoy HEVC/ H.265 Video Playback on Android
Much Ado About Not Much (HEVC Support in Android) ~ May 23, 2018
Supported media formats ~ android official


What is a shortcut for window menu bar in GNOME shell?

Super+F10 is the shortcut you're looking for (Super is usually the key with Windows logo).


Unity panel menus only work on one monitor of dual monitor setup

There appears to be a bug report out for this one already

Launchpad bug #869196


Access top panel sub indicutors sub-menu items without mouse

alt+F10

Give you access to the first panel menu then you can use your left and right keys arrow keys to get to others menus. To navigate menu items you use down and up. To select you hit enter.


In a desktop machine, using Network Manager, all fingers point to Network Manager. /etc/network/interfaces is devoid of ethernet or wireless details, expecting that NM will do the work. As well, in desktop installations, even netplan hands off the job to NM. Here is the typical netplan file:

cat  /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml

# Let NetworkManager manage all devices on this system
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager

While it is quite possible to bypass or even remove NM, there is no compelling reason to do so, aside from, "tweak it until it breaks."

I suggest, therefore, that your static IP address be set in NM:

In order to correctly set a static IP, be certain that the selected address is outside the pool of addresses used for DHCP in the router. For example, configure your router to assign DHCP from 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.50. Then set a static IP of 192.168.1.100 and you know that it's you and not the router that selected the address.


why are file system usage metrics different?

I deleted all the caches Im aware of, nix, go pkg/modules, npm, this freed up some space, but I found that docker volumes were using up 150GB docker volume rm $(docker volume ls -q) sorted me out


How can i fix some broken packages PyQt packages?

It can't install the but python-qt4 because the libqt4* packages are not found in the repositories.
My guess is that you are missing one of the canonical repositories so will you please launch Software Sources and under Ubuntu Software tab make sure it is set similar to:

After changing setting make sure you run sudo apt-get update. You are then ready to retry the installation.


Back up programs and user data from an old HDD to a new installation on an SSD

Hmmm Hans; I did something like that and summarized my steps here. The overview is

Boot from some live cd.
dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdc
Reboot from the live cd so the HDD partition table is valid.
sudo -s
mkdir a
mount /dev/sda1 a
mount --bind /dev a/dev
mount --bind /proc a/proc
mount --bind /sys a/sys
chroot a
update-grub

Reboot and you should be good to go.


You can use the imagemagick command line tool

http://www.imagemagick.org/script/convert.php

You can use it like this:

convert myfile.eps foo.png


How do I configure two IP addresses on a specific vlan

I don't know when and what changed, but you can now define virtual interfaces on vlans:

auto eth0.10
iface eth0.10 inet static
    address 192.168.1.61
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    gateway 192.168.1.11

auto eth0.10:1
iface eth0.10:1 inet static
    address 10.20.100.100
    netmask 255.255.255.0

auto eth0.10:2
iface eth0.10:2 inet static
    address 10.20.100.200
    netmask 255.255.255.0

Think of vlan interfaces as physical interfaces. You add virtual interfaces to the "physical" interface.


It looks like you copied /etc/apache2/sites-enabled to /etc/apache2/sites-available, thereby destroying all your site configuration files and replacing them by symlinks pointing to themselves.

To fix this, restore the /etc/apache2/sites-available directory from the last good backup.

If you don't have a backup, you'll have to recreate all your site configuration files from scratch, memory or whatever information you may still have on what they contained.
Also take this as a hint to make regular backups in the future.


Apparently Apple borked linux support with Nano 6g, and it's proven difficult to hack the music database to allow access to non-iTunes apps.

https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=631006

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1611473


Now if you burn your image and boot from CD/DVD it should have (and offer) Upgrade Installation scenario.


How do I find which proxy and port I am connected to?

You may use curl to investigate it:

 curl -v https://askubuntu.com/questions/267104 >/dev/null

In the output you will see:

X-Cache: MISS from proxy.example.org
X-Cache-Lookup: MISS from proxy.example.org:3128
Via: 1.0 example.computer42.org (squid)

Also you may investigate the configuration of your web browser, if the proxy configuration is part wise automated, but the shell environment stuff used by curl is forgotten.

To get an idea how this automatic configuration may be done, have a look here:
Set web proxy using pac-file-url


login loop problem after installing nvidia graphics driver

Try pressing Crtl + Alt + F2, then login and run:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia.*

Then re-boot.


How can I get the new 14.04 lock screen back?

Please press < Alt + F2 > and type/run

gnome-screensaver-command -l

and see if that gets you what you want. What I suspect is that you may have installed some software at some point that changes which command Unity uses for it's screen locking mechanism. If the command I provided does what you want, then I have two different things you can try.

Reinstall gnome-screensaver

sudo apt-get remove gnome-screensaver
sudo apt-get install gnome-screensaver

If the original command worked as you had hoped but the issue persists after trying solution #1, then open the system settings menu, select the keyboard section, and create a custom keyboard shortcut with that command in it and map it to whatever combination you would like to use to lock your screen.


After investigating a while I found that include files are missing and have to be installed from firebird source.

Download the firebird 3.0 source from https://firebirdsql.org/ and copy all files from /opt/firebird/include to /usr/include

You should also create a new symlink

ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfbclient.so.3.0.2 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfbclient.so


How to install VidyoDesktop on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS?

The solution provided by Andrea works, but I'd like to report the exact command:

 sudo dpkg -i --ignore-depends=libqt4-gui VidyoDesktopInstaller-ubuntu64-TAG_VD_3_6_3_017.deb


Unable to create or work on Ubuntu 20.04 VMs after Windows update | ASRock

Solved -
https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/WSL/issues/590
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-client/application-management/virtualization-apps-not-work-with-hyper-v
dism.exe /online /disable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /norestart
wsl --set-default-version 1

Restart Fixed things for me.


Yes, it has already installed. you can install cuDNN. Just follow the official guide here It is pretty easy. Because it is not actually installing but copying the files into the right directory.


Problems with partitioning on GUID Partition Table

The "1MB partitions" you mention were probably free space, not partitions. The one at the start was there because modern partitioning tools align partitions on 1MiB boundaries, and since both MBR and GPT use some space at the start of the disk, the first partition normally begins at 1MiB, leaving a gap of a bit under 1MiB. (Note that this is true for both MBR and GPT; it's not a GPT-specific issue.) The gap at the end is likely present because the final partition was sized as a precise multiple of 1MiB, leaving a gap between its end and the end of the disk (which likely is not sized in 1MiB boundaries). Neither of these gaps is a problem, and treating them as problems to be fixed led you to create real problems.

So: Switch back to GPT. If you want to dual-boot with Windows, restore it. You can then install Linux. You claim that you "can't install Xubuntu" after switching back to GPT, but you provide no details of what the problem is, unless you're referring to concerns over those tiny 1MiB gaps. If that's the issue, ignore it; it's not a problem. If there's something else that's preventing you from installing Linux at that point, please elaborate. (Edit your original post and flag it with a comment to this one).


Optimize Ubuntu 13.04 for netbook (Dell Mini 10v)

Download and install Unity Tweak Tool from the Ubuntu Software Center and change the launcher and the search configs.


Filezilla - App keeps crashing when double clicking a folder Ubuntu 16.04

You're not the only one with this problem, as seen in the FileZilla forums:

https://forum.filezilla-project.org/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=45830

The only solutions are either to wait until an upgraded version is available in your repository, or use the Linux package provided on the FileZilla website.


I used this script to install it directly from the github repository, which was last updated yesterday...
#!/bin/bash

# First get the file from github
git clone https://github.com/tgingold/ghdl
cd ghdl
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
#In case you get the error "Sorry, you need GNAT to build GHDL. See the README" do `sudo apt install gnat`

# fatal error: zlib.h: No such file or directory include <zlib.h>
sudo apt-get -y install libz-dev

make
make install
sudo apt-get -y install gtkwave

# Usage instructions:
printf "\n\n\nUsage instructions:\n"
wget -qO- https://github.com/chGoodchild/setup_scripts/raw/master/using_ghdl.sh

You can execute the script by copying the following commands into your terminal:
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/chGoodchild/setup_scripts/master/ghdl.sh
chmod +x ghdl.sh
sudo ./ghdl.sh


GnuPG still 1.4.16 after 2.1.11 installation

About GnuPG Versions

There are multiple branches of GnuPG, all under support and receiving updates. GnuPG 1.4 is the legacy version with a different architecture (monolithic vs. the more modular approach of the other versions), GnuPG 2.0 considered "stable" and GnuPG 2.1 "modern" with added elliptic-curve cryptography. Soon (which can be easily months from now in the GnuPG release history), GnuPG 2.2 will inherit GnuPG 2.0's "stable" tag.

Don't Build GnuPG on Your Own

This seems like an issue with the installation location not being on your $PATH, or being there at the wrong location.

Anyway: do not build GnuPG on your own, if you're not very sure about what you're doing and especially know how to verify the package's signatures, know how to fix issues with your whole system and watch the project's mailing list for security notifications. GnuPG is deeply integrated with Ubuntu, especially in the package management/software center, and you can easily mess up your whole system!

Installing GnuPG 2 from the Ubuntu Repositories

Ubuntu 14.04 does not ship GnuPG 2.1 yet, but does so with GnuPG 2.0 (which should be fine, if you're not after elliptic curve cryptography, which is not yet widely spread in OpenPGP, anyway). You can easily install it through

apt-get install gnupg2

Ubuntu 16.04 will already ship GnuPG 2.1 under this package name when released this month.


Can i install Flash player "Pepper" on Chromium with automatic updates?

It is a PPA. Like any other PPA, updates delivered through the PPA depends on the owner of the PPA providing those updates, and in a timely manner. There is no guarantee of proper and timely security updates via that PPA. However, as long as the owner of the PPA continues to update the package properly, then it will be updated whenever you run sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade.


Swiping left on the touchpad opens the photo search. How do I disable this?

I am guessing this was a problem with a k400 or k400r wireless keyboard (or some other logitech equivalent). If so I finally found and answer

Fn + Right Click -> Enables/Disables Gestures.
Fn + Left Click -> Enables/Disables Tap to click.

Sorry for digging up such an old thread, but I have hit this question on AskUbuntu many times while trying to solve this problem over the years, so thought I would at east record the answer for myself.


How to burn an ISO-image with root access only?

You can use bindfs  to create another view of a filesystem with different permissions. Create a view of that directory that gives you the permission to read the file. For example, the following command creates a view of /media/sda1/private on /mnt where every user can read every file:

sudo bindfs -p a+rX /media/sda1/private /mnt

The following command creates a view of /media/sda1/private on /mnt where the user robert is the owner of every file (and has the associated permissions):

sudo bindfs -u robert /media/sda1/private /mnt

To remove the view, unmount it (sudo umount /mnt).


Ubuntu 14.04LTS - runtime video card configuration through Radeon driver

The change you noticed is not Ubuntu specific, it is due to runtime power management now being enabled by default in the Linux kernel. For most users this is a good thing - it means that the power of the GPU can adapt to runtime use, instead of being fixed at whatever the BIOS set it to. To revert to the previous behaviour, set the kernel parameter radeon.runpm=0.

The video card should not require any manual settings to prevent overheating. If you find that it does, then it may be a hardware issue (eg. fan needs cleaning). If you think the problem is software (works fine in another OS, or with proprietary driver) then report a bug on the mailing list, IRC channel or bug tracker at Xorg radeon.


Netplan default route metric 0 is a big problem

If you don't want a Y.Y.Y.0/26 route being treated as local to eth1, then you should not declare it as the netmask of your address.  You appear to need:
network:
  version: 2
  ethernets:
       eth0:
           addresses: [x.x.x.94/26]
           gateway4: gwgwgwgw
           nameservers:
               addresses: [x,y]
      eth1:
           addresses:[y.y.y.y.62/32]
           nameservers:
               addresses: [w,x]
        routes:
        - to: y.y.y.y.0/26
          via:  y.y.y.y.37
          on-link: yes


The cryptsetup configuration for boot time is stored in /etc/crypttab you will need to either remove the reference to the partition here or add the noauto option to it.


As root, I can use su to make dconf changes for another user. How do I actually make them apply?

You don't have the DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS environment variable set, so the changes don't stick. As your user, write down the output of

echo $DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS

and then in the root command use

export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=xxxxx && dconf write ...

which should work.

After fighting their lame attempt at hiding their socket for a bit, one working solution to automatically get the address is to borrow it via a process environment:

# requires a GUI session program that will always run:
p=`pgrep -u \`whoami\` gnome-panel`

r=`grep -z DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS /proc/$p/environ | sed 's/^[^=]*=//'`
export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=$r

Of course you'd have to pick something other than gnome-panel if you're not running that.

Works for SSH_AUTH_SOCK as well.
Just leaving this here so it may help people who have so far googled unsuccessfully (like me ;) ).


Why don't my quicklists appear when I use Unity 2D?

There is a bug #669923 on quicklist support in Unity-2D that was fixed in release unity-2d 3.8.6. You may need to update your Unity-2D package.


Trying to make a mex file for octave but I am getting errors

I figured out that header files were missing . So I installed header files from Ubuntu software center . Just type mkoctfile in search and install Header files  for the GNU octave language (3.2 branch)
now i can compile .mex files using the command

mkoctfile --mex myhello.c


Yes there does seem to be a bug between find and unrar. A quick workaround on my system is to wrap the unrar in a bash -c command.

find . -name "*.rar" -execdir bash -c 'unrar e -o- "{}" /home/hilarie/Videos/season5' \;

If the output dir is included in the unrar command, that directory must exist. A one liner such as this would work.

find . -name "*.rar" -execdir bash -c 'mkdir -p /home/hilarie/Videos/season5 && unrar e -o- "{}" /home/hilarie/Videos/season5' \;


If the problem goes away and comes back between kernel updates it sounds like someone is already aware of the issue and trying to fix it.

Try posting a bug report and see if it gets marked as a duplicate, then follow the original bug report to see when it's really fixed.


Change default "open with" on remote files in Ubuntu nautilus

Based on our comments session:
It seems like the file you are trying to open is not a text file, thus the output of the file command resulted a mime type of application/octet-stream.
 From your question I assume it is an output of a web-request or something similar.
Coincidentally, it seems like you already have an installed app which chose for you to open such files using it by default: KeePassXC in your case.
A simple solution for your "no right mouse button" would be to open the file using gedit from the terminal:
gedit your_file

Another option would be to choose a new default app using a terminal command, but you have to make sure it won't affect your KeePassXC program, or to remember that from now on KeePassXC will not be the default app for application/octet-stream type files:
Using the command mimeopen, we'll configure a new default app:
mimeopen -d your_file

The output would be a prompt asking you to choose a new default app, for example:
Please choose a default application for files of type application/octet-stream

    1) LibreOffice Writer  (libreoffice-writer)
    2) Text Editor  (org.gnome.gedit)
    3) Kate  (org.kde.kate)
    4) Vim  (vim)
    5) Visual Studio Code  (code_code)
    6) Other...

use application #

If you do not see gedit on your list, press Other..., and a new prompt will appear, requesting an app name (must be correctly typed).
use command:

Type gedit and you're all set !
Edit: In case the default app still did not change, it means that there is a priority conflict, and we'll need to set the priority manually.
The command mimeopen updates the ~/.config/mimeapps.list file, and adds our selection in that list.
 Using the command gedit ~/.config/mimeapps.list, let's manually edit this file and move our selection from [Added Associations] to [Default Applications].
note: remove the ; character when copying your matching line from [Added Associations] to [Default Applications]


Recovering a password protected LibreOffice Writer document

Really sorry for you, Libreoffice is using AES encryption when using password protection, and AES has no known flaws. The only way is to provide the correct password, without that you cannot bypass it. If you have had a password shorter than 7 chars, you can try to brute force it. If the password is larger than 6 characters, it will can take years to break it.


Generally speaking the open source driver doesn't work well when Compiz is enabled and a graphically intensive game is run.  Minecraft might not look to pretty, but a lot is happening under the hood.  The best advice I've seen is to turn off Compiz when running games.

As to developing a better open source driver, video cards are in an awkward position because the proprirtary drivers work well enough for most people, hence there isn't a significant push to improve the open source versions.  That said, the ATI open source driver folks are still releasing new drivers regularly.

If you are willing to live on the cutting (or bleeding, as case may be) edge, you can try the xorg-edgers PPA, it is supposed to work better in some cases.


How do I run terminal-based commands on Settings > Keyboard and Shortcuts > Add Custom Shortcuts Ubuntu 20.10

It turns out I have to restart my computer. After restarting, it finally detects the new keybindings and was able to run my command.
So here is what I did:

To create your custom command, create a file, say 'hello' and put this in ~bin directory. (I think you can put it anywhere)

Add the following line export PATH=$PATH":~/bin/" on the ./profile in home directory. Make sure you show hidden files.

Then write your own command line like the following:
 #!/bin/bash
 # Write your command line down below

Save file

Then $ . .profile to load the changes

On the terminal, launch the command line you just created

Now on Settings > Keyboard and Shortcut > Add Custom Shortcut, fill up the fields and on command field, type in the command you just created.

At least on my situation, nothing happens after saving the shortcut. What worked for me is to restart the machine after saving.


According to  this site , you must run

sudo apt-get install libdvdcss libdvdread4 libdvdnav4

in a terminal, then open VLC, and open the disc. Keep in mind the the packages are non-free.Also if that doesn't work, try

sudo apt-get install libdvd-pkg

which is the instructions for Ubuntu 15.04 and later according to  this site. You might also want to try a different disc, to check if it is your computer or the DVD itself. Rebooting may also help.
If all else fails, try using something like brasero to create an ISO of the disk, then open the ISO in VLC. Keep in mind that it may take a while.


Xubuntu 16.04 optimus can't disable panning and windows maximize across both monitors

Seems it was a bug in nvidia driver fixed in 375.10:

  Fixed a bug that caused issues with panning and cursor constraining when mixing PRIME-driven displays with natively driven displays.

from https://devtalk.nvidia.com/default/topic/972585

Installing nvidia drivers version 375.20 (first stable version with the fix above) from ubuntu "graphics drivers" team ppa

resolved the issue.


How best to upgrade on netbook without lot of space?

Freeing up some space is anyway advisable.

But yes, you can also download the iso and make a live-usb. Then you can upgrade your ubuntu from the packages on the usb-drive (just start the installer, it will offer to upgrade)

For me it took around 1GB downloading to upgrade (I had quite some packages installed), so I think 250 MB will indeed not be enough for you.


Convert youtube video to playable cd on dvd player?

First of all you need to download those videos from Youtube by using firefox add-on downloadhelper
Then insert your cd and open Brasero disk burner.
Now select Data Project and add those videos in it and click burn button.

Now sit back and wait.

After the burning process the cd tray will automatically opens.


What version of libboost-all-dev are you using? I assume you are using v1.53.0.

Try installing libboost1.54-all-dev instead.


Is it possible to upgrade to LibreOffice 3.6.5?

LibreOffice 3.6.5 has not arrived in official Ubuntu repositories yet. However, you can try this PPA maintained by the LibreOffice team to install the latest releases.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/libreoffice-3-6
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libreoffice
sudo apt-get install --reinstall lo-menubar

For better integration with Gnome desktops, you need to install this package:

sudo apt-get install libreoffice-gnome

For KDE:

sudo apt-get install libreoffice-kde

On the question why the latest version released by LibreOffice isn't in the Ubuntu repositories, please refer to this more general question: Why don't the Ubuntu repositories have the latest versions of software?


Type in Terminal (use Ctrl+Alt+T):

sudo apt-get purge gnome-media
sudo apt-get autoremove


I run kubuntu and the KDE dedktop, and use Okular. It is a Qt4 app that has those capabilities.  I believe its more capable for markup than Evince. You can install it even if you use the default Ibuntu desktop.


Is there any way I can integrate Minitube with a web browser like Chrome?

Integrating Minitube with Chrome using a Chrome extension

Overview

Thanks to a Chrome extension by Nicu Farmache this is now possible. The extension source code may be checked out at the google code project page.

Installation

While trying to install the extension I found that the instructions provided by the author weren't working for me on Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS. These are the steps I followed to get it to work anyway:

Install the extension from the Chrome Webstore
Create a script called minitubehandler.sh with the following content:

#!/bin/bash
# NAME:         minitubehandler.sh
# VERSION:
# AUTHOR:       (c) 2013 Glutanimate
# DESCRIPTION:  - parses youtube links coming from the Chrome minitube extension
# FEATURES:
# DEPENDENCIES: minitube-ubuntu
#
# LICENSE:      GNU GPL v3
#
# USAGE:        Please follow the instructions provided in [this Q&A](http://askubuntu.com/a/353176/81372)

MINITUBEURL="$1"
ACTUALURL="${MINITUBEURL#minitube}"
MINITUBE="/opt/minitube-ubuntu/minitube"

"$MINITUBE" "$ACTUALURL" > /dev/null 2>&1&

Please note that this will only work with the minitube-ubuntu package installed from the Ubuntu Software Center. In order to use the script with other version of minitube you will have to edit the path to the minitube executable.
Either move the script to $PATH (e.g. ~/bin ) or move it to a folder of your choice and copy down the file path
Create a new desktop file under ~/.local/share/applications called minitubehandler.desktop with the following contents:

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
MimeType=x-scheme-handler/minitubehttp;x-scheme-handler/minitubehttps;
Terminal=false
Exec=minitubehandler.sh %u
Name=minitubehandler
Icon=minitube
NoDisplay=true

Make sure to replace the Exec line with the path to your script if you decided against moving it to your $PATH
Assign the desktop file to the extension's MIME type by executing the following lines in a terminal:

xdg-mime default minitubehandler.desktop x-scheme-handler/minitubehttp

xdg-mime default minitubehandler.desktop x-scheme-handler/minitubehttps

Restart Chrome

From now on if you navigate to a YouTube video page you should see a small Minitube icon on the right side of your address bar:

Clicking it will launch Minitube and play back the video or - if Minitube is already running - switch playback to the video in question:


block internet access and keep LAN access - firewall

Assuming doesn't matter how many interfaces do you have, you can block all except traffic to and from your LAN network address subnet by using

iptables -A INPUT -s $NETWORK_ADDRESS/$MASK -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -s $ANOTHER_NETWORK_ADDRESS/$MASK -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -j DROP
iptables- A OUTPUT -d $NETWORK_ADDRESS/$MASK -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -d $ANOTHER_NETWORK_ADDRESS/$MASK -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -j DROP

You cand find the network addresses and the network mask directly connected to your interfaces by typing:

ip r l | grep -v "default" | grep "proto kernel" | awk '{print $1}'

Replace $NETWORK_ADDRESS/$MASK from the iptables commands with those provided by the ip r l command

Assuming that you may have a DHCP Server on the LAN, you may want to allow this specific traffic in order to obtain an IP Address from the server.In order to accomplish that you need to add more rules to IPTABLES

iptables -I INPUT 1 -p udp --dport 67:68 --sport 67:68 -j ACCEPT

Explanation
You need to accept incoming and outgoing traffic from your network address space and after that you can DROP everything else.
The rule for DHCP Client it will be inserted above all even if it is executed at the end because of the -I (insert) INPUT "1" . In this way you make sure that you will get an IP Address from your DHCP Server.


How to turn off Libnotify notifications only when sound is in muted state?

It would require changing the source code of notify-osd to turn off all notifications (or at least, to filter some; you may want to keep the sound/brightness/etc… notifications active for example, or urgent ones).

Outside of changing the source code of notify-osd (the daemon which runs in the user session and handles the display of the notifications), there is no way to disable all notifications like this.


Brother Scanner MFC-7330CDW not working on Ubuntu 20.04

I had the same problem.
I downloaded the latest brscan DEB file, installed it with Gdebi and then ran this command in the Terminal:

brsaneconfig4 -a name=(name your device) model=(model name) ip=xx.xx.xx.xx

In my case it looked like this:

sudo brsaneconfig4 -a name=MFC-J890DW model=MFC-J890DW ip=192.168.188.74

Then I checked if the scanner was added with:

brsaneconfig4 -q

and it printed:

* MFC-J890DW   [ 192.168.188.74]  MFC-J890DW

Then I opened Document Scanner and it worked.


Of course! It works as you'd expect. However, it's only really useful for a local user or from unconfined snaps-- as you noticed, snaps are pretty locked down and their default confinement won't let them reach out to the external drive.

There are ways around this though-- one is to install the snaps with devmode to unconfine them:

$ sudo snap install --devmode <snap>

Another way is to actually place the writable partition on the external hard drive, which would allow all snaps to place their data there without them knowing any different. Of course, that means the hard drive needs to be present at all times. This is the solution that was used for the ownCloud Pi device in order to make use of the large external hard drive and save the life of the SD card in the raspberry pi.

The final solution is a new interface to allow specific snaps access to the external hard drive. This isn't complete yet, but is a known limitation.

Update as of snapd v2.15: This interface is now supported, called removable-media. It's documented here.


Is it possible to store files on Ubuntu One without syncing them to a (or every) computer?

Yes, it's possible.

While files that are placed in the main Ubuntu One folder (~/Ubuntu One/) will currently get synced to all your Ubuntu One enabled computers, you do control which additional folders get synced. Although this functionality isn't currently exposed in a user-friendly way, you can still use it via u1sdtool: you can subscribe (and unsubscribe) to folders using u1sdtool --subscribe=<folder id> (and, respectively, --unsubscribe=<folder id>); you can get the folder id from u1sdtool --list-folders.

When on one computer you select “synchronize this folder with Ubuntu One” in nautilus (or u1sdtool --create-folder=/path/to/folder), your other computers do a “folder merge” and start syncing that folder too, if the value of udf_autosubscribe in /etc/xdg/ubuntuone/syncdaemon.conf is set to True.

So, on the computer with a smaller hard drive, edit that file and set the value of udf_autosubscribe to False. You can then manually add the folders you want to be included using u1sdtool. With this you have access to some of your files immediately, and you can fall back to the web interface for the rest.

This is not the same as having something like a webdav mount, but it probably covers your needs.


How to terminate a Keep-Alive connection?

Open /etc/apache2/conf/httpd.conf and change

KeepAlive On -> KeepAlive Off

or if there is no KeepAlive option already simply add:

KeepAlive Off

And restart your apache2 to take effect.


Question about routing VMs with static IPs in Ubuntu (Unsolved)

have you enabled ip forwarding (iirc cat 1 > /sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward)?

Also the host system needs at least one IP from the subnet you recieved. You can add another IP to an interface by creating an alias (ifconfig eth0:0 x.x.x.x netmask y.y.y.y) and the bridge needs to be able to communicate with this interface.

The subnet-ip of the host system should be the ip of the gateway for the VMs.

If that doesn't help the output of ifconfig -a and route -n with obfuscated ip addresses would be useful.


python 2.7 is normally installed by default (See this answer).

I guess that your local build of python is installed in /usr/local/bin (check using type python) and then does not have access to packages (like numpy) installed system-wide.

So try using:

/usr/bin/python -c "import numpy"


Ubuntu 18.04: switch back to /etc/network/interfaces

The following procedure works for Ubuntu 18.04 (Bionic Beaver)

I. Reinstall the ifupdown package:

# apt-get update
# apt-get install ifupdown

II. Configure your /etc/network/interfaces file with configuration stanzas such as:

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

allow-hotplug enp0s3
auto enp0s3
iface enp0s3 inet static
  address 192.168.1.133
  netmask 255.255.255.0
  broadcast 192.168.1.255
  gateway 192.168.1.1
  # Only relevant if you make use of RESOLVCONF(8)
  # or similar...
  dns-nameservers 1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1

III. Make the configuration effective (no reboot needed):

# ifdown --force enp0s3 lo && ifup -a
# systemctl unmask networking
# systemctl enable networking
# systemctl restart networking

IV. Disable and remove the unwanted services:

# systemctl stop systemd-networkd.socket systemd-networkd \
networkd-dispatcher systemd-networkd-wait-online
# systemctl disable systemd-networkd.socket systemd-networkd \
networkd-dispatcher systemd-networkd-wait-online
# systemctl mask systemd-networkd.socket systemd-networkd \
networkd-dispatcher systemd-networkd-wait-online
# apt-get --assume-yes purge nplan netplan.io

Then, you're done.

Note: You MUST, of course, adapt the values according to your system (network, interface name...).

V. DNS Resolver

Because Ubuntu Bionic Beaver (18.04) make use of the DNS stub resolver as provided by SYSTEMD-RESOLVED.SERVICE(8), you SHOULD also add the DNS to contact into the /etc/systemd/resolved.conf file. For instance:

....
DNS=1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1
....

and then restart the systemd-resolved service once done:

# systemctl restart systemd-resolved

The DNS entries in the ifupdown INTERFACES(5) file, as shown above, are only relevant if you make use of RESOLVCONF(8) or similar.


How do i connect to a hidden wifi network in kubuntu 13.10?

Check if your wifi have been recognized by the system, by opening a Terminal, and typing:
sudo ifconfig -a

There should be an eth0, and an lo interface. And most importantly, an another, wlan0, or similar.
If you are missing the extra plus one interface, we found the problem.

As I said in the comment earlier, you either need a firmware, which the system will automatically download... once you connect to the internet. Or, your wireless card is not supported at all.

Solution?
Get some wired internet from somewhere, or even bluetooth tethering could work I guess.
But you can also Google your $wireless chip and linux keywords in Google.


What is the best way to partition, and what is the best file-system for a new Hard Disk?

There is no best way to partition a drive as such. Of course it depends on your set-up. If you have a complicated or odd server system, you may want to spend a lot of time thinking about this. If your current configuration works, leave it be.

You will not gain a lot by making an effort.

But this is the important bit:

The default, i.e. what the ubuntu installer chooses for you if you select erase entire drive is heavily tested by millions of users. It will work very well.

The default file system in Ubuntu currently is ext4. This is what that partitioning looks like on one of my virtual machines:
This works extremely well

  Bonus 2: If btrfs is supposedly "better" than ext3/4, why isn't it the default?

There are things that are better about btrfs compared to ext4, and vice versa. Keep in mind that ext4 is, also, on the bleeding edge of file systems. It's brand new and very advanced. Btrfs is not magical. :-)
It may very well become the default soon; we'll see.
Here's the technical bit about btrfs's cool features (this list is copied verbatim from  btrfs):

Online volume growth and shrinking
Online block device addition and removal
Online defragmentation
Online balancing (movement of objects between block devices to balance load)
Transparent compression (currently zlib)
Subvolumes (separately-mountable filesystem roots)
Snapshots (writeable, copy-on-write copies of subvolumes)
File cloning (copy-on-write on individual files, or byte ranges thereof)
Object-level (RAID1-like) mirroring, (RAID0-like) striping
Checksums on data and metadata (currently CRC-32C)
In-place conversion (with rollback) from ext3/4 to Btrfs
File system seeding (Btrfs on read-only storage used as a copy-on-write backing for a writeable Btrfs)
User-defined transactions
Block discard support (reclaims space on some virtualization setups and improves wear leveling on SSDs by notifying the underlying device that storage is no longer in use)

(my emphasis)

If you care about and use any of the above, btrfs will be a great boon. It's, after the oracle/sun merger, going to be what  ZFS should have always been: Implemented. :)

  Bonus 3: Will creating a separate boot partition reduce boot time?

No. Boot time is mostly waiting for the magnetic seek-head in the hard drive, you can gain very little indeed by changing any configuration at all. Partitioning the drive differently will do not much good.
You will possibly hear miracle stories of people decreasing their boot time by putting /boot right at the very beginning of the disk (where the platters are "smaller", so to speak). There will be about a 50% decrease in seek times at the very inner part of the disk compared to the very outside. Making an effort to put /boot there is futile. It's will be close to the beginning anyway, no need to bother with that. You should know this though, it makes sense to put the operating system first, and data last.


Running 'steam' on console stalled also for me on a fresh install. This is the sequence of actions that made it work for me.

Deleted ~/.steam
Deleted ~/.local/share/Steam
Ran 'steam' in a terminal. Pressed Control+C when it stalled
Ran '~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam' in a terminal. It autoupdated and finished normally.
Ran 'steam' again. It started normally.

This happened to me on Ubuntu 17.04 and 17.10, and after this it always worked fine, although the binary of step 4 was different. It seems like an issue with their initial setup.


Wubi on Win XP - it starts, unpacks, but then ends

Is there a particular reason why you're using Wubi? Depending on your purposes, it might be better to just go with the bootable installer.

That said, there are two things that may be stopping you:

Not enough RAM. Wubi prefers 256MB of RAM, but you can force it to run with less, though it doesn't like it and may not work at all.
Not enough hard drive space. Wubi needs at least 5GB of hard drive space free in order to be able to install Ubuntu. You can't get around this requirement.


32bit program on 64bit Ubuntu fails when using linux 32 before setup.sh

Try this:

sudo apt-get install ia32-libs-multiarch


Change mouse pointer to a laser in LibreOffice Impress

for ages available as an option of the menu "slide show " > " ... settings"
see https://help.libreoffice.org/3.3/Impress/Slide_Show_Settings#Mouse_pointer_visible
still in 7.


.conkyrc files won't show up in Conky Manager

Your conky themes are in the old format and your conky app is most likley the format check the ver. if its 1.10 its new format and will not work with Conky Manager. To check the ver. run the command:

conky -v

You could uninstall conky and go back to the old ver. 0.9 and the manager will work.


Is `return` within function a compulsory requirement?

A return value is not required in a function.  Normally a return would be used in a script for an exit value to be returned.  Exit values are normally like a 1 or a 0 where a lot of scripters might use it for a 0 as successful and a 1 as not successful.

#!/bin/bash
#The following function returns a value of 0 or 1
function if_running(){
    ps -ef | grep -w "$1" | grep -v grep > /dev/null
    if [[ $? == 0 ]]; then
        return 0
    else
        return 1
    fi
}

#Read in name of a running process
read -p "Enter a name of a process: "

#Send REPLY to function
if_running $REPLY

#Check return value and echo appropriately
if [[ $? == 0 ]]; then
   echo "Return value is $?"
   echo "$REPLY is running..."
else
   echo "Return value is $?"
   echo "$REPLY is not running..."
fi

Examples:

~$ ./ps_test.bsh
Enter a name of a process: ls
Return value is 1
ls is not running...

~$ ./ps_test.bsh
Enter a name of a process: bash
Return value is 0
bash is running...

And this answer I wrote a little bit ago does not have return values but still gives output  https://askubuntu.com/a/1023493/231142

#!/bin/bash
function area(){
    circ=$(echo "3.14 * $1^2" | bc)
}

#Read in radius
read -p "Enter a radius: "

#Send REPLY to function
area $REPLY

#Print output
echo "Area of a circle is $circ"

Example:

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ ./circ.bsh
Enter a radius: 6
Area of a circle is 113.04

Hope this helps!


How to have ksysguard launched instead of just limited "System Activity"?

Create custom shortcut like described in https://askubuntu.com/a/498816 answer.

For shortcut use "Ctrl + Esc" which will override default "Power Management -> Show System Activity" action.

Specify the action command:

bash -c "([ \"$(xdotool getwindowfocus getwindowname)\" == 'System Monitor' ] && pkill ksysguard) || (pgrep '^ksysguard$' && wmctrl -x -R ksysguard) || (ksysguard && pkill ksysguard)"

You need to install xdotool and wmctrl packages to make it work:

sudo apt install xdotool
sudo apt install wmctrl


It failed because your output display is isn't called eDP-1, you need to replace it with the one you're using.

sudo xrandr --addmode `xrandr | grep -e " connected [^(]" | sed -e "s/\([A-Z0-9]\+\) connected.*/\1/"` "1920x1080_60.00"

The command will output your currently connected display, in my case it was LVDS-1

:~$ xrandr | grep -e " connected [^(]" | sed -e "s/\([A-Z0-9]\+\) connected.*/\1/"
LVDS-1


FILEZILLA not working after upgrade from ubuntu 15.10 to ubuntu 16.04

Problem with version 3.15 but solved in 3.20.

Backup your config files, they can be located in ~/.config/filezilla or ~/.filezilla
Download the latest FileZilla version from here
Run:

tar -xvf FileZilla_3.20.1_x86_64-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
cp -rp Filezilla3/bin/* /usr/bin/

Then, the output of filezilla --version should be:

    FileZilla 3.20.1 official build, compiled on 2016-08-03

If you want you can create a launcher do this:

wget http://www.freeiconspng.com/uploads/filezilla-icon-6.png
mkdir -p ~/Filezilla
mv filezilla-icon-6.png ~/Filezilla/filezilla.png
echo '[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Filezilla 3.20.1
Comment=Filezilla easy FTP transfer
Exec=/usr/bin/filezilla
Icon=~/Filezilla/filezilla.png
Categories=Application;Development;FTP;network
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Terminal=0
' > ~/.local/share/applications/filezilla.desktop

Copy your config to the new config folder ~/.config/filezilla


How to install php5-phpdbg in Trusty (14.04)?

Try this steps :

First, check that the universe repository is enabled by inspecting /etc/apt/sources.list with your favourite editor.

You will need to use sudo to ensure that you have permissions to edit the file.

If universe is not included then modify the file so that it does.

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu vivid main universe

Run the update :

sudo apt-get update

You can now install the package by typing :

sudo apt-get install php5-phpdbg

Source.


Installing media codecs without Internet connection

You can download packages manually and install them in Ubuntu.

Look at here and select what you need, then download them from here.

In Ubuntu, you can use mount(8) to mount the Windows partition.

Then run

dpkg -i /path/to/your/deb/debname.deb

to install these packages.

Notice that you may have to prepare everything necessary and install them in order because dpkg cannot download dependencies.


try:

sudo apt-get upgrade $(dpkg -l '*-dbg' | grep '^ii' | awk '{print $2}')

I think it can be do easier, but don't remember... Above will work.


I could figure it out.there were two reasons, one was because of the Nvidia driver which I changed the driver and the other problem was occurring from Eclipse.
I do not know what is GTK version 3 or 2 in eclipse, or for instance, Eclipse Neon was using version 2 and Oxygen version 3, but in eclipse forums, I found that people after upgrading to GTK3 faced the problem.
so in eclipse.ini file I added --launcher.GTK_version 2 before --launcher.appendVmargs -vm and till now I did not face the problem anymore.


If you really want to remove Windows 10 (and all its data) you could run gparted and tell it to format /dev/sda5 (really, really make sure this is the right partition) as ext4, and when it's finished, you will have an empty ext4 partition, not a corrupted, unmountble (unless you "resume and shutdown Windows fully (no hibernation or fast restarting)" NTFS partition.


Mark bad sectors on hard drive without formatting

I assume you are talking about physical bad blocks on a disk and not about corrupted file systems.
To check the physical condition of your disk it's best to install smartmontools
sudo apt-get install smartmontools

This works because all modern disks log their health status using a system called S.M.A.R.T.
Use the smartctrl command to read out this status. For example to read all attributes from the first disk call
sudo smartctl --all /dev/sda

Watch out for a line talking about the overall heath status. Once this indicates an error it's very likely that the disk will fail soon.
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

Other lines you want to check for are the Pending Sector Count and the Reallocated Sectors.
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   100   100   036    Pre-fail  Always       -       48
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       2

Reallocated lists usually in the raw field the number of bad sectors the disk exchanged for working spare ones. Pending are sectors which might be reallocated in case the next write fails.
You can even trigger self tests of the disk when supported by your model
sudo smartctl -t long /dev/sda

To force checking of all sectors, use badblocks in a mode in which data is written. Beware that even though in general it is safe to run, it will put extra load on your disks, which might cause them to fail. Always have a backup of your data.
sudo badblocks -svvn -c 262144 /dev/sda

The output from the badblocks command will show you many lines with
hh:mm:ss elapased. (x/y/z errors)

where
x = num_read_errors
y = num_write_errors
z = num_corruption_errors

If you have fully processed your disk this way, the disk controller should have replaced all bad blocks by working ones and the reallocated count will be increased in the SMART log.


Internet access through another computer

You should enable routing or in Linux terms ip_forwarding on the gateway machine first by using this command:

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

then by setting the client's gateway to the gateway machine, it should work. Although if your gateway machine has public IP address and isn't behind a NAT (e.g. a broadband Router), you should configure NAT on it as well by using the following command:

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.0.0/24 -o externaleth -j SNAT --to externalip

note: replace the IP address with yours.


^ key behaves oddly in Ubuntu GNOME 16.04 LTS

Your keyboard layout is most likely set to English (US, international with dead keys). Open Region and Language in System Settings and change the Input Source to English (US) or whatever matches your actual keyboard.


How can I remove Windows XP from harddrive

if you go to the ubuntu app store, and get Disk Utility, select your hard drive, click on the part that has XP, and then you can delete that partition. (This is in 12.04, it might be a different program in 13.10)

BE VERY CAREFUL THOUGH NOT TO DELETE YOU UBUNTU PARTITION!!!!


Replace Pylint, install newer version from Source, and make it available to syntastic

Via Pip

Pypi has a package for Pylint.

You can install Pypi packages

for Python 2 with

pip install --user [package]

for for Python 3:

pip3 install --user [package]

This will install the package for current user only. For a system-wide installation use sudo and omit --user, e. g. sudo pip install [package].

If you don't have Pip you can install it from Ubuntu's repositories; the package names are pip and pip3 for Python 2 and Python 3 respectively.

From source

Taken straight from the section titled “Install” of the read-me file in the source code repository:

  Pylint requires astroid package (the later the better).

  https://github.com/PyCQA/astroid

  Installation should be as simple as:

python -m pip install astroid

  Pylint requires isort package (the later the better).

  https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort

  Installation should be as simple as:

python -m pip install isort

  If you want to install from a source distribution, extract the tarball1 and run the following commands:

python setup.py install

1 Obviously, instead of a source code "tarball" you can also use the cloned Git repository.


The configuration file for dhcpcd is /etc/dhcpcd.conf.
I just had to add these two lines:

interface eth1
metric 400


Getting LAMP set up so I can run Wordpress Locally

If you just need an easy web server to do local development on your system I would recommend

XAMPP

XAMPP is just a Lamp wrapper with a few extra features including PHP and Apache2. It also makes it really easy to use.

Just follow the instructions for downloading and setting it up on your system then go to /opt/lampp directory.

In that directory you will find an executable called manager-linux-x64.run (or x32 depending on your system)

run this executable

sudo ./manager-linux-x64.run

That will bring up a dialog box and start all the services which you can customize.
By default Apache2 web server defaults to http://localhost:80/

Once you see that all the services have started go to the browser and test out that address.

Finally in the /opt/lampp directly is a folder called /htdocs. This is your locally hosted folder so remove everything that is in this folder (XAMPP demo page likely) and put all your wordpress files here (all PHP, HTML and JavaScript) which will then be hosted and appear at the localhost address above.

You can also make a symlink to the /htdocs directory

sudo ln -s (your source directory here) htdocs

If you do this be sure to remove your htdocs folder first.


How to plot pinging results into a graph?

I would use smokeping.

sudo apt-get install smokeping

Here's a great guide for configuring smokeping and accessing it on the web. I set mine up similarly, so it works.
 http://linoxide.com/monitoring-2/setup-smokeping-latency-monitoring-ubuntu-15-04/
When configured, just set whatever ip address you like as your target. (your probe should probably be "fping" and your host is your server).


You do not need commands. You can do all this with gparted. However, the operation you are looking for involves moving partitions. That will take a long time, and there is a serious chance that it does not succeed correctly.
It would be less painfull with better change on success to

Make sure your backup of sda2 is up to date
Delete sda1 and sda2
Create a new partition in the available space (former sda1, sda2 and unallocated space)
Place the data back on your now much larger data partition.

This way, you do not touch the system itself.


Warnings and errors appearing on site after changing ubuntu user permissions Amazon EC2 server

Please run sudo chown www-data -R /var/www/html/system/library/cache/ (If the webserver is not run as www-data please replace it with the user who runs Apache/Nginx)

If that doesn't fix all your error messages please run sudo chown -R www-data /var/www/html/system


You said it was going well until yesterday, have you tried to manually run the script today?

This backup is being created or downloaded to your EC2 instance?
If it is, are you keeping it or storing somewhere else like S3?

In my personal experience I've had problems when trying to send backups to S3 that were too large. Solved by breaking it up into smaller chunks.

You could also gain some insight by going to your EC2 dashboard, clicking on the instance and checking for the details panel at the bottom of the page. There you can see stats for status check failures, network data and more.

Another approach would be for your backup script to log data into a file for later debugging.

Feel free to update your answer with more info, like dashboard prints. I will be happy to help.


wine error when trying to run a portable version of Adobe Illustrator

I had the same problem and fixed it with PlayOnLinux. I installed it by terminal and then I had to create a new virtual drive and install amtlib for Adobe programs. Then you can run Photoshop CS6 and Illustrator CC.
screenshot
I couldn't run Illustrator CS6, but the CC version is enought for me.


How do I install HP P1102W printer driver

Solved after much reading...

Go to the hplip support page

Click download hplip

Go to Downloads or wherever it was saved and run the script, for example

sh hplip-3.14.10.run

(depending on the version - use ls to see it in the terminal)

Follow directions in your terminal.


I don't know what is User Profile Mappings but I can suggest this new NFS 4.1 driver to provide NFS shares on Windows:

http://www.citi.umich.edu/projects/nfsv4/windows/readme.html


How to shrink home partition on a running OS (Ubuntu linux)?

Basically, you cannot modify the structure of a mounted partition (which you are using).

Home, boot, data partition

So a home partition can typically be unmounted using another user logged in, umount it and modify its structure.

Slash or extended partition when slash mounted on

You have to do this from a live UFD/DVD as you cannot unmount a Linux system partition on an hdd/ssd while it is directly or potentially in use.

As far as file systems are concerned, with Windows use NTFS and with Ubuntu system devices, stay with ext4. If you plan to stay with Windows keep data files on an NTFS system or use extufsd for example.


When I boot up I get an error message saying there is something wrong with my hard disk

You want to use Smartmontools, a set of applications designed to test hard drives and read their S.M.A.R.T. (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology) statistics:

Install Smartmontools : sudo apt-get install smartmontools

See what block devices are attached to the system : ls /sys/block

Check if your drive supports SMART : sudo smartctl -i /dev/sda

Enable SMART if it is disabled : sudo smartctl -s on /dev/sda

Run a long test on your drive : sudo smartctl -t long /dev/sda

Review the results of the test once complete : sudo smartctl -l selftest /dev/sda

If you see any amount of Offline_Uncorrectable errors then you want to consider replacing the drive immediately if you care about retaining the data.


How to mark "allow executing file as program" on an external drive

Your external disk is likely formatted NTFS or FAT32. Those filesystems do no support Linux file permissions.

You've now at least five options:

Just copy it to the desktop (or your Home folder) and set the permissions on that file.
Backup the data on it and reformat the drive to the ext4 filesystem. This can be done using the Disk Utility or GParted
Execute the file with a program, open a terminal and run:

for Bash scripts: bash /path/to/your/file.sh
for Python scripts: python /path/to/your/file.py
for Perl scripts: perl /path/to/your/file.pl
for windows executables: wine /path/to/your/file.exe
for 32-bit binaries: /lib/ld-linux.so.2 /path/to/your/file
for 64-bit binaries: /lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /path/to/your/file

Copy the file to your computer (e.g. home folder), set the execute bit on it and run it. (this cannot be done for all files)
(possibly dangerous) Mount the partition with the execute bit set for all files. To do so, follow these instructions:

Mount the partition (by opening it in a file browser for example)
Open a terminal and run:

sudo mount -o remount,fmask=027 /media/YOURDRIVE

If you cannot write / access files, run the command with ,uid=$(id -u) after fmask=022:

sudo mount -o remount,fmask=027,id=$(id -u) /media/YOURDRIVE

"Possibly dangerous" because you grant execute permissions to all files, only use this option if the other methods do not work.


Is it possible to have automatic periodic file export of iCal calendars on Ubuntu?

For this particular question and tools the following method looks reasonable.

Sign-in to Google Calendar account
Open Settings, go to Settings for my calendars and select needed calendar
Navigate to Integrate calendar subsection
Copy URL of iCal from Secret address in iCal format to clipboard (something like https://calendar.google.com/calendar/ical/yourusername%40gmail.com/private-01234567890abcdef0123456789abcde/basic.ics)
Download basic.ics file as ~/calendar.ics to test.
Write cron-job for our user for periodic downloading the iCal file.
Enjoy the calendar inside the ClearCalendar screenlet:

Notes: ClearCalendar is very slow, shows event names and dates (without times) only after manual clicking on it and selecting View Events from context menu. So this solution is not good.


According to your configuration, you should change

AuthOrder mod_auth_file.c

by

 AuthOrder mod_auth_pam.c* mod_auth_unix.c

Because mod_auth_file.c is made only for use the proftpd special auth file.
You can consult AuthOrder options here ==> Proftpd AuthOrder directive


I would strongly urge you to automate the banning process with fail2ban, which works perfectly well in a default configuration and can be customized further if you want it to monitor more services.

When combined with iptables-persistent, it will preserve rules across reboots which is helpful.

Here is a basic overview of what I do with any Ubuntu server:

Install and configure fail2ban

sudo aptitude install fail2ban && sudo cp /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf /etc/fail2ban/jail.local && sudo nano /etc/fail2ban/jail.local

This installs it and copies the configuration file to a new file for your customizations. This is best practice because it prevents your edits from being overwritten if the package is updated.

My personal preference is to extend the ban time and find time from the defaults. Ban time is how long an attacker is banned for, and find time is the window of time their attempts are counted, in case they rate limit attacks. Find and edit bantime = 21600 (increased to six hours, time value is in seconds) and also findtime = 3600 (max 3 attack attempts per hour).

Flush existing Iptables rules and set new defaults

This is a one-liner that is meant to be used on a typical web server with inbound ports listening on port 22 (SSH) port 80 (HTTP) and port 443 (HTTPS) only. This DigitalOcean tutorial is a good reference for how to build your own or customize mine. Be careful with Iptables and setting DROP rules, if you get the order wrong you will permanently lock yourself out! That said, this one-liner is what I use and it is safe, tested, and working perfectly:

sudo iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT && sudo iptables -F && sudo iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT && sudo iptables -A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT && sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT && sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT && sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT && sudo iptables -A INPUT -j LOG && sudo iptables -A FORWARD -j LOG && sudo ip6tables -A INPUT -j LOG && sudo ip6tables -A FORWARD -j LOG && sudo iptables -A INPUT -j DROP

Make changes persistent across reboots

Last step is to install and configure the iptables-persistent package, which will automate saving and restoring rules across reboots.

sudo aptitude install iptables-persistent && sudo service iptables-persistent start

It will prompt you for confirmation for IPV4 and IPV6 rules, and you should use the tab key to select 'yes' for each and save. It will start automatically when rebooting so you don't need to worry about configuring it further.

One thing to note about making the rules persistent is that you need to manually tell the process about any new rules you add or edit (like if you added or removed HTTPS on port 443 for example). To do this, run sudo service iptables-persistent save which will update the current set of rules in place. I think the command was changed to "netfilter-persistent" in versions later than 14.04 so use sudo service netfilter-persistent save if the first one does not work.

Summary

Now fail2ban will monitor attacks on SSH and add and subtract IP addresses automatically according to the parameters you set. Iptables will ignore all incoming traffic for ports you haven't opened and these rules will persist across reboots, so there isn't much else you need to do. Enjoy the extra free time I guess!

Reversing all the above steps if you wish to undo all changes

If for some reason you don't want to continue using this method, you can undo everything quickly. This is not recommended but it's your machine so here's how:

Flush all Iptables rules and accept all traffic on all ports sudo iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT && sudo iptables -F (you must do this to remove the DROP rule at the end or you will be locked out)
Remove the previously installed packages and their settings sudo aptitude purge fail2ban iptables-persistent (or maybe netfilter-persistent, depending on your version of Ubuntu server).
After a restart, you should be back to the way you were before - minus any custom Iptables settings which you will need to manually re-add like you are currently doing.


How to move all installed programs from my computer to another computer or laptop?

Best way to do that is a full backup of your system and then restore it the the new disk.

You have basically 3 choices:

Full manual system installation, all programs and configurations done
one by one or using any automated process of installing the packages that you had. Configuration of those packages will probably be necessary after installation, with a bit of luck you will be able to "move" all your programs configuration by copying your home folder from the old computer to the new one;
Full system backup done with backups tools such as deja-dup which
will then be restored to the new system;
Disk cloning from the old system to the new. An image can be made
from your old system and then restored to the new one leaving your
system identical as the previous one. You can use dedicated applications such as clonezilla or a more simple approach suck as dd;

In the end its options 2 and 3 will make the all process faster and no (mostly no) downloads needed but option 1 will leave you with a cleaner system.


Ubuntu 20.10 installer thinks legacy system uses EFI booting

I had same problem and found this is a Bug in Ubuntu 20.10 where the installer want an EFI partition even if the system is in Bios only.
Bug is: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubiquity/+bug/1893964
and according to it the fix will be probably on Ubuntu 21.04.


Your situation is solved by reinstalling grub. For this you need to boot from your Ubuntu live CD and opening the terminal will allow you access to reinstall grub.

Here is
some documentation.


You can find the links to all the images for Raring on this page.

To download 13.04 64-bit Server Edition, run the following command:

wget http://releases.ubuntu.com/raring/ubuntu-13.04-server-amd64.iso

You may further refer the manpage for the wget command


Will there be a focus on creating a dockable On Screen Keyboard for Unity?

During the Gnome 2010 Boston summit there was a whole session dedicated to producing a replacement for the gnome onscreen keyboard (gok).

http://live.gnome.org/Caribou

Ted Gould from Canonical's User Experience team was there to discuss the issues and availability of the keyboard and weather caribou would dock, if it was themeable and if it could support existing keyboard layout files.


boot problem after installing ubuntu 15.04

Maybe you can solve this problem by adjusting the UEFI settings.

Boot into BIOS  (in 99% of the cases pressing F2, F9  or Del
during boot splash works)
and check the boot order.

Select entry 'ubuntu' to be the first and default option to boot.

If this solution doesn't work, reinstall GRUB bootloader.

To do this boot from ubuntu install media and execute :

sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot/efi
for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i; done
sudo chroot /mnt
grub-install /dev/sda
update-grub


Gcalcli is an invalid command after install

Just found a solution that worked for me posted on github project page:

If you happen to have a .gcalclirc file in your home dir, remove it an run gcalcli again. It should redirect you to Google on your web browser to allow gcalcli to use your Google calendar data.


Is there a way to generate the gnome3 effect when pressing the super key on xfce

I actually used Xfce with gala for a while. To configure the hot corner you must install dconf-editor.

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

then navigate to org,pantheon,desktop,gala and behavior I believe


globalprotect option missing in network-manager VPN options

The GlobalProtect protocol option was merged into NetworkManager-openconnect on May 2nd, 2019.

Merged pull request is here:
https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/NetworkManager-openconnect/merge_requests/6

You can watch for this change to make its way into Ubuntu here:
https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/network-manager-openconnect

Here for Fedora:
https://apps.fedoraproject.org/packages/NetworkManager-openconnect/overview/


Does it matter that wlan0 has changed its name to eth1 after I upgraded to 12.04?

That bug "report" (more like a series of people pointing fingers without testing anything) might apply but it's not a udev issue.

As anybody who has followed these things for more than week will know, the Broadcom driver for some of their chips has flipped around over the years on how it names things... But it's just a name. You probably could force it back to being an wlan* device but only with a fight.

I'd just ignore it and do something awesome instead. Network manager should still be able to use it as a wireless device, it should all still work.


Toggle unity launcher mode using Python?

With the inclusion of Gnome 3, starting in Ubuntu 11.10 the gconf mechanism is deprecated and while some apps still honor it, Unity is not one of them.

Gconf was replaced by gsettings, so to do what you want you need to :

Figure out which path and key you need to set, and which value you need to set it to.

This can be done with the gsettings command. To see all the keys use gsettings list-recursively. In this case, I did gsettings list-recursively |grep hide and I came up with the com.canonical.Unity2d.Launcher schema, the key is hide-mode.

You can test this by doing

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity2d.Launcher hide-mode 1

Change the 1 to 0 to see the different effects the key has.

In your Python code, use Gio.settings to manipulate gsettings directly.

Here's an example:

from gi.repository import Gio
launcher_settings = Gio.Settings.new("com.canonical.Unity2d.Launcher")
launcher_settings.set_int("hide-mode", 1)

I'm not sure if you need to use set_int or set_boolean. You should experiment with these a bit to get the results you want.


How to run a command to before starting systemctl service

EDIT: after understanding the actual issue
Based on the OpenVINO documentation: Install Intel® Distribution of OpenVINO™ toolkit for Linux.
Create a script which contains both commands:
#!/bin/bash
## /yourscript.sh
source /opt/intel/openvino/bin/setupvars.sh
/usr/bin/python3 /home/john/Documents/ThingTraxVisionPython

Then call this script from your service file:
[Unit]
Description=Launch application

[Service]
User=john
WorkingDirectory=/home/thingtrax/Documents/ThingTraxVisionPython
Environment=DISPLAY=:0
ExecStart=/yourscript.sh
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=30s

[Install]
WantedBy=graphical.target

First version
I'm not shure to completely understand your issue, but if you need the openvino service to be run as root and the ExecStartPre only to run as John, you can probably create a shell script that logs in as John and launched from ExecStartPre:
#!/bin/bash
## /yourscript.sh
su -l john -c '/opt/intel/openvino/bin/setupvars.sh' -

Note: don't forget the last dash at the end which will set the John environment variables.
Then add execution rights to it:
# chmod +x /yourscript.sh

End to finish, here is the service file afterwards:
[Unit]
Description=Launch application

[Service]
## removed the user param
WorkingDirectory=/home/thingtrax/Documents/ThingTraxVisionPython
Environment=DISPLAY=:0
ExecStartPre=/yourscript.sh ## changed the script to yourscript.sh
ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3 /home/john/Documents/ThingTraxVisionPython/rtsp_ttfr.py
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=30s

[Install]
WantedBy=graphical.target


Updating Bios and Ubuntu 11.10.. seem like they don't mix

Honestly sounds like a buggy BIOS to me.

They might be changing how the ACPI subsystem works or something with IRQs, or they might have messed around with any other 2-4 letter acronym. It's impossible to say from your question. If they only test for Windows, that might destabilise other systems that rely on things working to a standard.

I suggest you stick with what works best and report a bug to the maker of your motherboard.

If you want to play around, you might want to try appending things like nomodeset or noapic and other things to the end of your boot string. These basically tell Linux what it can and can't use from the computer so if there is a bug in your motherboard's APIC, you can bypass it.


VLC video playback is choppy on Vivid with nvidia-346

Changing VLC's video output to OpenGL in Preferences → Video worked to fix this problem.

(Thanks to wedu for suggesting to check the available video options. I'm not sure why I hadn't thought of that.)


Ubuntu 15.10: Set HDMI sound automatically on connect/disconnect

Solved it.

I had to use pacmd set-default-sink rather than pactl set-card-profile. To be able to use it in a script, you must export PULSE_RUNTIME_PATH also. Create /usr/local/bin/hdmi_sound_toggle:

#!/bin/sh
HDMI_STATUS=`cat /sys/class/drm/card0/card0-HDMI-A-1/status`
export PULSE_RUNTIME_PATH="/run/user/1000/pulse/"

if [ $HDMI_STATUS = "connected" ]
then
    sudo -u zed -E pacmd set-default-sink 0
else
    sudo -u zed -E pacmd set-default-sink 1
fi

Where zed is my username and 1000 is my UID.
chmod the file to 0755.

Create a udev rule at /etc/udev/rules.d/hdmi_sound.rule as sudo:

SUBSYSTEM=="drm", ACTION=="change", RUN+="/usr/local/bin/hdmi_sound_toggle"

Restart udev rules:

sudo udevadm control --reload

You can test that the udev rules works using udevadm monitor --property.


I try to install 32 bit OS, but last two times 64bit OS only got loaded? Why?

To learn more about 32/64 bit systems read the information on this question https://askubuntu.com/a/70551/71679

As to your second question "why is it only downloading the amd64 version" after a quick look, if you are trying to download the 32bit version from here http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop the link appears to be broken thus why you can only get the 64bit version. So if keen on using the 32bit version you can download a copy from here http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/precise/daily-live/current/ and get the PC (Intel x86) desktop CD version


IMO you are running an OS  other than Ubuntu.Please run the firefox browser in an Ubuntu machine and then click on the apt link.


What's the difference between `hostname` and `uname -n`

On Linux, they are equivalent.  One is just baked into the uname utility and the other into the hostname utility.

uname -n

Prints the network node hostname or "node name".

hostname

Without any arguments, prints the name of the system as returned by the gethostname() function.

The uname() function documentation includes the following information:

  Note that there is no standard that says that the hostname set by sethostname(2) is the same string as the nodename field of the struct returned by uname() (indeed, some systems allow a 256-byte hostname and an 8-byte nodename), but this is true on Linux. The same holds for setdomainname(2) and the domainname field.

(Note that Linux's sethostname() limits hostnames to 64 bytes)

Further evidence that on GNU/Linux, they are exactly the same comes from the gethostname() function documentation:

  The GNU C library does not employ the gethostname() system call; instead, it implements gethostname() as a library function that calls uname(2) and copies up to len bytes from the returned nodename field into name.

Basically, hostname includes an internal call to uname.


Wireless not working on Ubuntu 16.04 for Alienware R5

I never resolved this for Ubuntu 16.04, but after following this post, I installed Kubuntu 18.04 (with ethernet cable while installing third party drivers) and everything works beautifully now. Thankful for the original poster, sharing in case anyone else needs help.


lightdm login gives blank screen then returns to lightdm

tl;dr: My specific problem was that at one point I had put exec /bin/zsh in ~/.bashrc (no memory of why I did this). strace was not able to track this down but fatrace was since it could trace accesses for the whole system, not just a process subtree.

Probably boring details: I was pretty sure that my issue had to do with something in my primary users home directory since I had another user who could login fine. From my straceing, I suspected that the process doing the file access was not in the same subtree as lightdm since I had straced it recursively. So, I looked for ways to trace my whole system to try to figure out which filesystem accesses were different when each user was logging in.

I found
How do I log file system read/writes by filename in Linux? and How do I strace the whole system? First, I tried systemtap but this got stuck on an internal error in ld. Eventually, I found fatrace. Like strace, this didn't include much access to my home directory, but it did have this (perfectly normal) line:

lightdm-session(11474): O /home/dmcc/.bashrc

Once I looked into .bashrc, I saw where I had once messed with it. When I commented out the exec statement, login succeeded. It remains unclear to me why I didn't run into this earlier or why my .bashrc should matter when starting X11 even if my default shell is zsh.


elantech touchpad not detected on gigabyte laptop

I had the same problem on my new Gigabyte P35 v2 laptop. After a lot of searching, I came across this kernel bug thread:

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=81331

After downloading the patch in post 135 in that thread ( https://bugzilla.kernel.org/attachment.cgi?id=145981 ) I applied this to the latest upstream kernel (3.17.0 at the time of this writing), recompiled and booted-- and now the touchpad gets recognized and works fine from a cold boot. (2-finger scrolling, and toggling the touchpad on and off with Fn+F6 works too!)

It's being recognized thus:

I: Bus=0011 Vendor=0002 Product=000e Version=0000
N: Name="ETPS/2 Elantech Touchpad"
P: Phys=isa0060/serio1/input0
S: Sysfs=/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input6
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=mouse0 event5
B: PROP=5
B: EV=b
B: KEY=e420 10000 0 0 0 0
B: ABS=661800011000003


why will one user account of three not log-in?

I've made same expierence, if the home folder and file permissions are changed due to a complete deletion/modifications an recreation.

Please press Ctrl+Alt+F1 -> login with the "problem (3rd)" user.

On command prompt:
chown -R $USER /home/$USER

Then press Ctrl+Alt+F7 and try to login with user again.


I am using Gnome3 as my window manager, so not aware about awesome. But this workaround worked for me

sudo apt-get remove appmenu-qt5

Souce : Link to bug report with work around

Do let me know if this works for you.


What is the alternative for the following programs?

For download manager you can use steadyflow or jdownloader or flareget

You can use empathy  instead of yahoo messenger and much more. Empathy is a found by default in Ubuntu . To learn how to use check this

For VB check VB alternative/equivalent for development of Windows apps in Ubuntu


Nautilus spending inordinate time creating thumbnails for a photo (jpg) folder

You are correct, Nautilus will cache the thumbnails so it doesn't have to re-create them each time it displays them. However, keep in mind that:

It will take a lot of time to create thumbnails for 46,000 images, especially if there are many large images
If it doesn't finish creating all thumbnails, it will re-start the next time you view the folder
Nautilus is going to be a bit slow loading a directory with 46,000 files of any type, let alone images that need thumbnailing

Because of this I would suggest using a different program for this task. I have found that Gthumb does a better job than Nautilus when working with a bunch of photos. The catalog view lets you see all of the thumbnails, and you can open a photo for a closer look. It is still usable while generating thumbnails in the background. Listing that many files to begin with will still take a while though.

Another option is trying some alternate file browsers.

Lastly, you could run a script to divide the files into subfolders to make it more manageable.


woof does not work with files whose names contains spaces or brackets

In GNU/Linux anything except / and \0 (ASCII NUL) are allowed as a valid filename constituent character. So space, tab, even newline are valid filename constituent characters. When you have any such filename, you need to use any trivial escaping mechanism to get literal meaning of the character(s).

For example, for a filename like:

foo bar spam.txt

you can use single quotes, double quotes or \ for escaping the spaces:

'foo bar spam.txt'
"foo bar spam.txt"
foo\ bar\ spam.txt

single quotes are recommended as with a filename like foo $bar spam.txt if you use double quotes the shell will take $bar as a variable expansion, same goes for unescaped $ while using \.

Without escaping, the shell will perform word splitting based on values of IFS environment variable (space, tab, newline by default), and pathname expansion on the string (if there is any *, ?, [] in filename).

In case a variable, you need to double quote the variable expansion:

file='foo bar spam.txt'
echo "$file"

Simple $file will again fall for the word splitting (and pathname expansion).