how can I find the cookies files to specific websites?

I did (for firefox, but in principle, most of it (down to the file command) should work for any browser):

# Find firefox's cookie files
$ sudo lsof -c firefox | grep "$HOME.\*cookies"
firefox 5495 walt  mem-r     REG               0,48     32768 13243731 /home/walt/.mozilla/firefox/gbqd07qo.default/cookies.sqlite-shm
firefox 5495 walt   41ur     REG               0,48   1572864 13245306 /home/walt/.mozilla/firefox/gbqd07qo.default/cookies.sqlite
firefox 5495 walt   46u      REG               0,48    590288 13243730 /home/walt/.mozilla/firefox/gbqd07qo.default/cookies.sqlite-wal
firefox 5495 walt   48ur     REG               0,48     32768 13243731 /home/walt/.mozilla/firefox/gbqd07qo.default/cookies.sqlite-shm
#
# What are these files?
$ file .mozilla/firefox/gbqd07qo.default/cookies.sqlite*
.mozilla/firefox/gbqd07qo.default/cookies.sqlite:     SQLite 3.x database, user version 9
.mozilla/firefox/gbqd07qo.default/cookies.sqlite-shm: data
.mozilla/firefox/gbqd07qo.default/cookies.sqlite-wal: SQLite Write-Ahead Log, version 3007000
# Use `sqlite3` (from package `sqlite3) to explore.
# One probably should kill firefox before doing anything to change the database
$ sqlite3 .mozilla/firefox/gbqd07qo.default/cookies.sqlite '.tables'
moz_cookies
$ sqlite3 .mozilla/firefox/gbqd07qo.default/cookies.sqlite '.schema moz_cookies'
CREATE TABLE "moz_cookies" (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, baseDomain TEXT, originAttributes TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '', name TEXT, value TEXT, host TEXT, path TEXT, expiry INTEGER, lastAccessed INTEGER, creationTime INTEGER, isSecure INTEGER, isHttpOnly INTEGER, inBrowserElement INTEGER DEFAULT 0, sameSite INTEGER, CONSTRAINT moz_uniqueid UNIQUE (name, host, path, originAttributes));
CREATE INDEX moz_basedomain ON moz_cookies (baseDomain, originAttributes);

Extracting the cookie data is left as an exercise for the student.


Restart TLP service without rebooting system

For changing settings without restarting, you should be able to (re)start the service with.
From https://linrunner.de/tlp/settings/introduction.html#making-changes:
sudo tlp start

For changing the charge thresholds without restarting you can use the tlp setcharge command. It sets the charge thresholds immediately, using your settings if you don't supply any other arguments. On reboot, your settings are reapplied when TLP starts.
From https://linrunner.de/tlp/usage/tlp.html#battery-features:

sudo tlp setcharge [ START_THRESH STOP_THRESH [ BAT0 | BAT1 ] ]

Sets the thresholds to the given values. ... Without parameters the configured settings for the main battery (BAT0) are applied. Upon reboot, thresholds are reset to the configured settings.


Unable to start x11vnc on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS as service

This is not a fix but a workaround. I used sudo crontab -e to store run the x11vnc at startup. I just needed to add this below at the end of crontab.
@reboot exec /usr/bin/x11vnc -auth guess -forever -loop -noxdamage -repeat -rfbauth /home/geodev/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5900 -shared

Running it in sudo is important to start x11vnc before login of any user.


Configure Trackpoint sensitivity using a GUI

Use the settings in Applications ▸ Mouse Preferences ▸ Pointer Speed.

I've had no issues with using this to adjust the sensitivity of the TrackPoint on my ThinkPad X60.


Use:

sudo apt-get purge droidcam

And you can use apt again.


Cannot switch keyboard layout at GDM login

Go to Settings -> Region & Language. In the upper right corner of the window you should see a Login Screen button. If you click that button, the UI switches to a variant for system wide settings. From there you can add the input sources you want to be able to use on the login screen. If you have more than one source selected, an input source indicator will be shown on the login screen after next reboot.

The button may only be visible if more than one user is registered on the system. As a workaround you can create a new user and delete it after you made the changes you desired.


Ubuntu Server 17.04 unable to locate package libapache2-svn

I don't know about 17.04, but in 18.04, the package is called libapache2-mod-svn


Recover overwritten contents of text file

Depends how you edited / deleted and how many times the content. Some editors like gedit creates a backup copy of file before saving with the '~' (tilde) suffix. These files  with the '~' suffix are hidden files for most of file managers (like Nautilus). So, with a little bit of luck you can recovery your lost content from these files.


How to install guest os (ubuntu server) in kvm without vnc?

KVM is very handy you can use VNC, Spice or Console to see the display.

The reason you seeing the blank screen is due to no screen redirection to host console, thus you cant see anything from virsh console command.

Redirect display to host serial port TTYS0 and disable graphic install.

virt-install -n test -r 1024 --vcpus=1 --os-variant=rhel5.4 --accelerate --nographics -v  --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/shared-storage/test.img,size=20 --extra-args "console=ttyS0" --location /home/justin/Downloads/CentOS-5.7-x86_64-netinstall.iso

Above installation method only working if virt-install executed and running as root.

Note: Even you running as root, virt-install will switch the privileges to qemu. So workaround you can have qemu into root group.

This argument will be passed into /proc/cmdline and will be permenant.

The next time you want to access the console from host just need to execute virsh console test.


This is a server issue.

See the number of issues just raised in the past few days, several of which have comments indicating experienced users believe it to be a server issue:

https://askubuntu.com/questions/425271/ubuntuone-remains-paused
https://askubuntu.com/questions/425228/ubuntu-one-unable-to-sync-even-a-text-file
https://askubuntu.com/questions/425173/ubuntu-one-not-syncing-in-lubuntu-nor-bohi
https://askubuntu.com/questions/425271/ubuntuone-remains-paused
https://askubuntu.com/questions/424109/ubuntu-one-no-more-syncing

Update: Asked on Twitter for an announcement if there's a problem.  There's a notice on their status wiki page — https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuOne/Status — but not clearly related to this.  (Also, i tried Nocturnalknight's solution and deleting and the device and reconnecting, and the signing in works but the sync doesn't.)


File doesn't exist when trying to change permissions following the avasys image scan manual

I had a similar problem trying to make scanning to work with my Epson Perfection V300 Photo, and using the guidance above, I found:

Epson scanner software for Linux is now on the Epson site, here: http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/search/01/search/?OSC=LX
I installed 2 files: the *iscan_2.29.1-5~usb0.1.ltdl7_amd64.deb* (you may need a different version) and *iscan-data_1.19.0-1_all.deb* - but the scanner software still claimed there was no scanner
I also needed to download and install the iscan plugin package (*esci-interpreter-gt-f720_0.1.1-2_amd64.deb*) from the Epson site (this isn't very clear in the PDF documentation for Image Scan! that you can download, though it is hinted at)
all 3 packages installed through the 12.04 software centre simply by double clicking on them

I hope this helps.


It's a bit difficult to find a single place that provides all the details.

However, I can help to some extent.

sudo apt-get install software-properties-common python-software-properties
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:juju/stable
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:maas/stable
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cloud-installer/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install maas
sudo maas-region-admin createadmin
sudo apt-get install etherwake

To get the version of the current MAAS installed

apt-cache policy maas{,-dns,-dhcp} | grep Installed -B1 -A1

In /etc/maas/templates/power/ether_wake.template, make the following changes:

#elif [ -x /usr/bin/wakeonlan ]
#then
#    /usr/bin/wakeonlan $mac_address
elif [ -x /usr/sbin/etherwake ]
then
   sudo /usr/sbin/etherwake -i eth0 $mac_address

In /etc/sudoers.d/99-maas-sudoers add the following line at the end:

maas ALL= NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/etherwake

Enable IP forwarding on MAAS server:

sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

iptables -A FORWARD -i <interface without internet> -o <interface with internet> -j ACCEPT

 iptables -A FORWARD -i <interface with internet> -o <interface without internet> -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o <interface with internet> -j MASQUERADE

Include 127.0.0.1 in the list of DNS servers in /etc/resolv.conf on MAAS server.

sudo apt-get install openstack
sudo openstack-install

The above list of commands should successfully install Openstack Autopilot.
You may also refer to the github issues on MAAS-JUJU-Autopilot at https://github.com/Ubuntu-Solutions-Engineering/openstack-installer


How to diagnose and fix Kernel Panic Fatal Machine Check error?

According to section 15.9.1 in volume 3 of the Intel Architecture Software Developer Manual the Machine Check Exception 5 from the MSR_IA32_MCG_STATUS MSR indicates in internal parity error.   After reading the manual I am not sure which specific component bank 6 refers to, so I cannot determine where this physical error has occurred.

The error message indicates that bit 57 of the Machine Check Status MSR is set indicating that the internal processor state may well be corrupted by the error condition detected and that reliable restarting of the processor may not be possible. So at this point the Kernel has no real choice apart from stopping by using a kernel panic.

As things stand, this kind of error is rare.

I am unsure why disabling the EBD can cause this issue.  Perhaps it is just a co-incidence.  Does this panic happen frequently with EBD enabled?  Incidentally, which processor model do you have? .. to find out, use:

cat /proc/cpuinfo


Set Up Second Ethernet LAN with One Network Card

My own use-case is quite complex, but a general answer to setting up multiple networks on a single NIC can be broken down into several steps. Bear in mind with this answer that my system is connecting to one network with DHCP and one without it.

I've tried to keep the answer generic to help others but bear in mind that other use cases may require different settings or approaches.

Open the Network application.
Click Add Profile...
Enter the details required. In this case, IPv4, requiring an IP address, netmask and gateway.
Fill in the DNS settings. I was able to use Google's DNS of 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4.
Fill in the Routes settings. I was able to leave mine blank and have Automatic set to on.
Click Apply.

There should now be two network profiles with the names you've assigned to them. To connect to either one, simply click it within the Network application. In my case, I am using two different gateway servers which can be seen in the screenshots below. When I connect to either of the two, my public IP address changes, which is as expected.

Settings in the Network app for one profile

Settings in the Network app for the second profile


Is it possible to hibernate Ubuntu and run secondary OS?

Absolutely it should work. I was doing that ages for gaming purposes as well, although now with the Steam-Linux revolution I haven't booted Windows up for months.

I had my OS partitions totally separate, as you intend to, and had no problems at all. There were no shared partitions. My swap partition is 36 GB, slightly more than twice my RAM (16 GB).

The only problem is that hibernate is slightly unstable on Linux sometimes. Probably 20% of the time, it would crash when hibernating or resuming. (This was a year ago, so things might have changed, or be different on your system. After I bought an SDD, and startup time were reduced greatly, I just restarted instead of hibernating.)

I even have a script that might be useful. You might need to change the name and location of the Windows partition.

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# hibernate and restart in Windows for only the next time.
# requires /etc/default/grub has "GRUB_DEFAULT=saved"

# get the correct name from /boot/grub/grub.cfg
sudo grub-reboot "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sdb2)"

# or use the number, i.e.
# WINDOWS_ENTRY=`grep menuentry /boot/grub/grub.cfg  | grep --line-number Windows`
# MENU_NUMBER=$(( `echo $WINDOWS_ENTRY | sed -e "s/:.*//"` - 1 ))
# sudo grub-reboot $MENU_NUMBER

sudo dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest=org.freedesktop.UPower /org/freedesktop/UPower org.freedesktop.UPower.Hibernate

# if this fails, you can try ---> sudo pm-hibernate


Trouble switching to Dvorak on Ubuntu 12.04

I found the error. It was my .Xmodmap file. Once deleted, the GUI approach worked.


How to set permissions to use jpilot and synchronize?

Type id and press Enter. Check whether or not you are a member of the dialout group. If not, add yourself to the group.

Does this work for you?

(The idea of joining the dialout group is discussed in various sources: see, for example, /usr/share/doc/pilot-link/README.Debian written by Ben Darnell and Ludovic Rousseau.)


https://help.gnome.org/admin/system-admin-guide/stable/login-automatic.html.en

Edit the /etc/gdm/custom.conf file and make sure that the [daemon] section in the file specifies the following:

custom.conf

[daemon]
AutomaticLoginEnable=True
AutomaticLogin=username

Replace the username with the user that you want to be automatically logged in.


command 'll' crashes terminal after rellocating /home

after a lot of investigation I found out my /tmp folder had the wrong permissions. All I had to do was setting

sudo chmod -R 1777 /tmp


Cannot install python-minimal on Ubuntu 17.10

Okay, please run the following commands to hopefully fix the issue and please post any errors, thanks:

sudo apt update
mkdir PYTHON; cd PYTHON
apt-get download python-minimal
sudo dpkg -i python*deb


Looking at the logs at /var/log/boot.log (location provided by Letizia), I found a very suspicious line:

/etc/rc2.d/S80noderoot: 16: /etc/rc2.d/S80noderoot: forever: not found

The command not being found pointed to it being a problem with the path. Sure enough, the lines

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin
export NODE_PATH=$NODE_PATH:/home/azureuser/npm/bin

were reversed. Switching these variables to point to the right directories, as well as adding a cd to the script before executing forever appears to have solved any issues the run script was having.


Unable to connect with internet when using Wifi

All you need to do is Open a terminal by pressing Ctrl + Alt + T and run:

sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

At the bottom of this file, copy and paste the following:

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

after pasting it press Ctrl+ X and then type Y to Save it and press Enter

You can double check if the changes got saved by running the first command again and check if the edited line is there

Now you need to start your network manager for changes to take effect

sudo service network-manager restart

And WiFi should work again, Try to connect it

reference: Belkin F7D1101 v1 works under Ubuntu 16.10 but not under Lubuntu 17.04


Bluetooth for RTL8723DE is not working...!

I own an HP-15-BS576TX laptop bought on October 2017 in India, which has the same specifications as yours minus the processor which is Intel 7200U Core i5 (7th gen). For me, except Bluetooth, everything is working fine with Ubuntu 17.10. Keyboard shortcuts (volume control etc).

Yes, it runs fine on Ubuntu. Prior to installation of Linux operating system, Enable UEFI, Disable Secure Boot, Disable Legacy support.
I have explained how I installed the WiFi driver in this page: https://h30434.www3.hp.com/t5/Notebook-Wireless-and-Networking/Realtek-8723DE-wifi-module-amp-Bluetooth-Linux-driver/m-p/6477307/highlight/true#M146067

For Bluetooth also, firmware is available, but no one to guide. rtlwifi-new maintainer has said that he cannot help with bluetooth. But, it will also get supported probably soon. The error message is some "hci0: didn't find patch for chip id 2".


How to autostart Kupfer in Ubuntu 13.10?

Search for "Startup Applications" in the dash and click on that program. Then click add and in the command section put python /home/user/.local/share/kupfer/kupfer.py, which according to the desktop file is the command to start Kupfer.

See also here and here for more information.


It looks like you are booting in UEFI mode and GRUB os-prober generated MBR boot entries giving you errors like "can't find command drivemap". I recommend creating a custom GRUB boot entry as described here: Grub errors during UEFI dual boot for Windows 8 (can't find command 'drivemap')

Entry would probably look like this:

menuentry "Windows 8 (custom entry) (on /dev/sda6)" --class windows --class os {
    insmod part_gpt
    insmod fat
        insmod chain
    set root='(hd0,gpt6)'
    search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 921B-0709
    chainloader /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
}


What to do when installing two distros on same drive

Don't install Grub then. The default location would be indeed the EFI-partition, but Grub is already installed there from Ubuntu mate. This boot-loader would be overwritten. So don't install the boot-loader, but after installation of Ubuntu you have to boot to Ubuntu mate and run sudo update-grub.

The option not to install the boot-loader does not exist any more in the something else-section of the installer. To install Ubuntu without the boot-loader boot your live-USB, choose Try Ubuntu, open a terminal and runubiquity -b or ubiquity --no-bootloader.

There is a difference when it comes to the boot-mode (UEFI/legacy)

In legacy-mode we would install the boot-loader to the MBR. But the installer will give us the option to install the boot-loader to the PBR (Partition Boot Record). This way the boot-loader in the MBR would not be overwritten during install of the second Linux-distribution. We could use the boot-loader in the PBR to create a chainload, but this is not really necessary. So, the first installed distro installs the boot-loader in the MBR, further installed distros install the boot-loader to the PBR or don't install the boot-loader are two clean solutions.

In UEFI-mode the boot-loader is not installed in the MBR, it is installed in the ESP (System EFI Partition). As far as I know, the installer defaults to the ESP of the first drive (normally sda), even if we choose a different location. So all distros would install the boot-loader to the same location, overwriting an existing boot-loader which has been installed there before. As far as I see,the only way out of this is to install the second distro without boot-loader using the mentioned command above.

Only one Linux-distribution needs to install a boot-loader, and only the system which installed the boot-loader should control the boot-loader.
This single boot-loader is able to boot all other Linux-distributions.
What happens if we have several Linux-distributions installed and all of them installed the boot-loader to the same location? I think, system-upgrades could lead to some trouble when the upgrade ships with a new version of Grub, the recent boot-loader in MBR or ESP might be overwritten and the boot-loader points to the system which performed the upgrade. This does not make the computer unbootable, but the layout of the boot-menu and the order of boot-menu-entries would change.

One more hint for you:
Whenever you delete the partition which holds the system which installed the boot-loader, you will run into problems. This partition holds the configuration-file /boot/grub/grub.cfg. The boot-loader needs to read this file, if you delete the partition which holds this file you will be greeted by Grub-rescue-mode the next time you boot.


How to investigate an unknown process called `frontend` pegging CPU all the time

please, check this answer given in a similar situation, the system might be waiting for a secure boot: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/554025/linux-mint-frontend-process-what-is-it


I figured it out, realized that it's using evolutions addressbook and not a separate contacts database. Renamed the

  ~/.local/share/evolution/addressbook

to

  ~/.local/share/evolution/addressbook-old

and restarted gnome to test, and it was fresh again (now only one google account (that is linked in Online Accounts) is used for the contacts).


18.04 Searching for file names is incredibly slow

Unfortunatelly, this is buggy behaviour in the file manager of Ubuntu 18.04. Search behaviour kept improving in more recent versions of Files. Actually, Ubuntu 18.04 is using a version that is older than its Gnome Shell version to keep the desktop icons functional - in the version of files that actually belongs to the Gnome Shell version of Ubuntu 18.04, support for desktop icons was already removed.

It is probably quite difficult for an 'ordinary user' to seamlessly replace the Files version of the distribution with a more recent version. Thus, you may need to 'sweat out' this poor version until the next Ubuntu LTS will come out, which is next spring (April 2020). If this issue bothers you (it did greatly bother me), then you may consider upgrading to the most recent interim release of Ubuntu, Ubuntu 19.10, which features a version of Gnome Shell that has greatly improved.


I get that sometimes on my Ubuntu 18.04.3. Last time when I checked the system logs it seemed that it's all caused by a lack of free memory (I have 8GB RAM).

I found a workaround so I don't have to restart my computer and it's simply restarting gnome with: Alt+F2 typing r and pressing Enter.

And if that is not working you could try to open your terminal and restart gnome from there with: killall -3 gnome-shell


Ubuntu keeps crashing when I play any Steam game

Remove Steam.
Reinstall Steam.

if that still doesn't work

See which dependencies Steam relies on.
Reinstall dependency. (careful!)

if that still doesn't work

Do check that you have the drivers properly installed.

My apologies that my answer isn't more specific.
I wish I had more specifics :)

Best of luck.


System hang when unplugged the external USB SSD drive

Never unplug any external USB drive without first unmounting it, and powering it off.

To unmount it, open a Files window, and click the up arrow next to the disks name.
To power it off, open the Disks application, select the disk, and then select to power off this device.
THEN you can unplug the disk.

At this time, I'd reconnect the external USB drive, unmount it, and sudo fsck -f /dev/sdb2 it.


How can I avoid the black screen on boot with GMA500 graphics?

Yes, you should add 'console=tty1' to grub options.

To do that, run gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub
find the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="", and change it to:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="console=tty1"

Lastly, update grub with sudo update-grub.

How do I add a kernel boot parameter?


Problem installing SCTK 2.4.0 on Ubuntu 13.10

Tried the following on 14.04:

Go to recording.h and recording.cpp files found under sctk-2.4.0/src/asclite/core and change all occurrences of Filter::Filter* to ::Filter*

And try again, it should compile.


Can I pause YouTube in Chrome from the command line?

You could start the Chrome session (with your Youtube playlist) using the Chrome WebDriver:

  WebDriver is an open source tool for automated testing of webapps
  across many browsers. It provides capabilities for navigating to web
  pages, user input, JavaScript execution, and more.  ChromeDriver is a
  standalone server which implements WebDriver's wire protocol for
  Chromium. ChromeDriver is available for Chrome on Android and Chrome
  on Desktop (Mac, Linux, Windows and ChromeOS).

Install the following dependency:

sudo apt-get install python-selenium

And download the Chromedriver from here, select the one corresponding to your architecture e.g:

http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/2.14/chromedriver_linux64.zip
or http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/2.14/chromedriver_linux32.zip

Extract the chromedriver file for example in your $HOME folder.

Then start the chromedriver from python, open a terminal and type:

$ python
Python 2.7.6 (default, Mar 22 2014, 22:59:56)
[GCC 4.8.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import os
>>> from selenium import webdriver
>>> from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
>>> chrome_options = Options()
>>> chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-sync")
>>> driver = webdriver.Chrome(os.path.expanduser('~/chromedriver'), chrome_options=chrome_options)
>>> # Open the desired youtube page:
>>> driver.get('https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NxD_kWK8A5M&list=PLMquns5MbFKm_cVrB0ZjKlIlS5HCQL1dL')
>>> # Let selenium find the player container <div>
>>> video = driver.find_element_by_id("player-api")
>>> # And just click to play/pause your video:
>>> video.click()
>>>

Note: You can still use the Chrome instance started by the Chrome WebDriver for browsing in other tabs. even if the Youtube tab is not the active one (no focus). The video.click() events will continue to work.


What are the proper rules for the root Directory Directive

If you're on Ubuntu 14.04, the default site configuration for Apache no longer contains such a section. Here's the content of /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    # The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
    # the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
    # redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
    # specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
    # match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
    # value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
    # However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
    #ServerName www.example.com

    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html

    # Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
    # error, crit, alert, emerg.
    # It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
    # modules, e.g.
    #LogLevel info ssl:warn

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

    # For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
    # enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
    # include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
    # following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
    # after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
    #Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
</VirtualHost>

# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet

A modification within the VirtualHost definition that worked for me was:

  DocumentRoot "/var/www"
  <Directory "/var/www">
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
    AllowOverride Options
    Require all granted
  </Directory>

(AllowOverride can None, but in this case I needed some options in .htaccess.)


How do I remove Amazon app but keep google apps?


No audio after installing droidcam on Ubuntu 18.04

If you look in the audio settings you should now see two devices. At least in my case, the new one installed by DroidCam is the default each time I restart the system. Each time you have to manually alter to the original one in order to have your audio working.
However, this is not a definite solution; I'm also looking to a way to reverse this effects.


Deleting A non working version of Ubuntu from Kubuntu

Your installed Ubuntu/Kubuntu system resides in /dev/sda1. That is to say that its root partition (/) is on /dev/sda1, and you don't have separate /boot, /home, or other partitions for that system.

It does use the swap partition from the old EasyPeasy system.

To get rid of the old EasyPeasy system:

Make sure there really are no valuable data in it. If you're sure none of your documents or other important files remain there (without being offloaded elsewhere), proceed.
Make sure all your documents and important files in the [K]Ubuntu system are backed up. Besides that you should have a backup of all important files (that wouldn't be easily replaceable) anyway, dynamic partition resizing carries a risk of data loss. There are two reasons for this--problems sometimes occur and are occasionally not fully recoverable, and you might yourself make a mistake during the process.
Boot from an Ubuntu live CD/DVD or USB flash drive. If you don't have one; create one. (This is the same thing you used to install Ubuntu.) It is not safe to edit a physical disk's partition table from a utility running in an OS installation that resides on the same physical disk.
Select Try Ubuntu without installing (not Install Ubuntu).
When a usable desktop comes up, run the GParted Partition Editor. To do this, press the Super key (also called the Windows key) or click the "dash home" icon on the upper left of the screen. Startityping gparted into the text box. When you see GParted come up, click it.

Alternatively, if this is a Kubuntu live environment, you'll find GParted in your menus, or you can use the Run... dialog box to run kdesudo gparted.
I will refer to /dev/sda5 and /dev/sda6 (as well as other partitions) in the following instructions. However, the following instructions are only correct as written if /dev/sda5 is much smaller than /dev/sda6. If /dev/sda5 is instead much larger than /dev/sda6, then assuming they are both still contained within the extended partition (see below), in that that situation (and that situation only) you should take every instance of /dev/sda5 to mean /dev/sda6 and every instance of /dev/sda6 to mean /dev/sda5.

(Somewhat annoyingly, occasionally partitions are numbered differently from the perspective of different systems. I don't believe that's the case here, but if it is, I don't want to have you accidentally remove the swap partition. That would not cause data loss, but it would require extra work to be done to fix it.)

Because of that possible complication--but even without it, assuming you are not already familiar/comfortable with dynamic partition resizing (in which case you would probably not have asked how to do this)--I recommend reading these instructions all the way through before starting to follow them.
In GParted, you'll see the /dev/sda1 partition at the left side of the horizontal bar representing all the partitions on the drive. To the right of that you'll see an extended partition, which is a kind of container for other partitions. The extended partition here is called /dev/sda2. Inside the extended partition is your swap partition, /dev/sda5  (on the right side), and /dev/sda6 (to the left of it). Unless they are switched, as described above. /dev/sda6 is the only partition you want to delete--it is the partition for the old EasyPeasy system. It is much larger than /dev/sda5.
Delete /dev/sda6 in GParted. Now shrink /dev/sda2 (the extended partition container) by clicking Resize/Move and dragging its left side as far to the right as possible, so it's just big enough to contain /dev/sda5 (the swap partition). When you do this, the value of free space preceding will increase (and free space following will remain the same).
By removing /dev/sda6 (the partition for the old EasyPeasy system) and shrinking down /dev/sda2, you created free space to the right of /dev/sda1. You probably recall /dev/sda1 as the partition that stores all the files associated with your new [K]Ubuntu system.

So now, using Resize/Move on /dev/sda1, expand /dev/sda1 to the right, causing a decrease in free space following. Drag its right border as far to the right as you can, so that it is as close as possible to the left border of /dev/sda2,the extended partition. Don't worry if a small amount of unpartitioned space remains between them. (That is, drag it as far as you can, but it's fine if GParted will not let you expand it all the way.)
Apply your changes by clicking the green check mark in GParted.
If there were errors, you should be able to access the Internet from the live CD/DVD/USB system and provide information about them. (However, there will of course be no guarantee that I will be available to tend to them, or that I'll even be online at that time. Still, others can probably help too.)

Most of the time, if there are errors, nothing is damaged. So if you need to use your installed system, feel free to do so.
Assuming no errors, reboot (properly, not by holding down your power button or unplugging your computer). Remove the live CD/DVD/USB so that you boot to your installed system. It should boot fine--the start of /dev/sda1 was not moved.

If it does not boot, then boot from the live CD/DVD/USB again and use any of the methods given here (or if you prefer, any of these) to reinstall GRUB to the Master Boot Record. That should let it boot again. The particular method I recommend in this situation (which I emphasize, I do not think will occur) is this one, because I can fill in all the details for you of what commands you need to run (based on the information you've provided about your partitions):

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda

Since you have no separate boot partition and your installed system's root partition is /dev/sda1, that's it. Then reboot, and your system should boot.

After booting back into your Kubuntu/Ubuntu system, there are a couple of things you should check. (This is unrelated to and independent from whether or not you had to reinstall GRUB to the MBR as described above.)

Check to make sure your / partition has really expanded. You can check this however you like; in Dolphin perhaps. Or run df -h and compare it with the output of df -h from before.
Check to make sure that the swap partition is still being used. Run:

swapon -s

If you get something like what you got when you ran this before, great! If you get no output at all, that means swap is not in use. In that case, you'll have to check for what the swap partition is now numbered as (by running sudo parted -l or sudo fdisk -l) and then edit the swap line in /etc/fstab to provide that device name. I can provide additional assistance or more detailed instructions for that on request (or perhaps find another question where more detailed information is given).

The swap partition will probably continue to be used, though, because most partitions including linux-swap are identified in fstab files by their UUID's these days (which don't change unless the partition is actually deleted and re-created, or, in the far less likely scenario, if the UUID is deliberately changed). Therefore, even if the device name off the swap partition changed as a result of performing the operations detailed above, your swap partition will most likely continue being used automatically.

If you didn't have to reinstall GRUB to the MBR from the live CD/DVD/USB (which you probably didn't), then I recommend running this command from your installed Ubuntu system after verifying that everything is working properly:

sudo update-grub

That's usually sufficient to remove any GRUB entries associated with the old operating system (that you've deleted).

Another Option is to Keep the Old Partition

According to the output of df, only 2.8 GB of the 136 GB in your old EasyPeasy partition is used. The rest of this space is already available for you to use. If the partition is not mounted, you can mount it in the Devices list in Nautilus (but it was mounted when you ran df).

If you encounter permissions problems, you can simply change the ownership permissions in the partition wherever you want to create your own files. The most logical ways to do this would be:

Create a folder in the root of the EasyPeasy partition, or
use your old EasyPeasy home folder.

Creating a Folder in the Root of the EasyPeasy Partition

The EasyPeasy partition has no volume label (you can change this in Disks if you like). So it's mounted by its UUID. To go to its root directory in a Konsole, run:

cd /media/5f92*

You can then create a folder for your files:

sudo mkdir Storage

(Call it whatever you like, it doesn't have to be Storage.)

And give ownership of this folder to your user so you don't have to be root to use it:

sudo chown $USER:$USER Storage

(You can keep $USER as it is or replace it with your username; either way works. (Don't write $username where username is your username.)

Using Your Old EasyPeasy Home Folder

You might already have the full ability to read, create, and modify files everywhere inside your old EasyPeasy home folder. This will happen if the UIDs of your old EasyPeasy user and your current Kubuntu user happened to be the same.

If that's not the case, then in your old EasyPeasy home folder, you can run:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER .

The -R causes this operation to be performed recursively.

Removing the EasyPeasy System But Keeping Its Partition

2.8 GB is an insignificant amount of space compared to the other ~133 GB that are already free in the old EasyPeasy partition. I did not interpret your question as being about freeing that space--I interpreted it as asking how to reclaim the rest for your Kubuntu partition.

However, if you don't want to repartition, but would like to clear out the files from the old EasyPeasy partition, you can:

Simply delete all the files in the old EasyPeasy partition, then run sudo update-grub. When GRUB is updated, it checks what operating systems exist. If an OS no longer exists on a partition, GRUB will generally not list it.
Format the the partition (you can do this in Disks), then run sudo update-grub.

Your Ubuntu system uses KDE (Kubuntu) but you reported installing regular Ubuntu first and then installing KDE, so you should still have GNOME. Therefore, you should still have gnome-disk-utility (the package that provides Disks), or if you don't, you should be able to install it without pulling in too many dependencies that you already have.

Then you'll have to create whatever ownership and permissions you want for the drive.
Use the OS-Uninstaller utility to automate formatting the partition and updating GRUB, so it's one step instead of two. For this, see LovinBuntu's answer.

Once you do that, you'll still have to create whatever ownership and permissions you want on the newly formatted drive.

If you keep the EasyPeasy system or even keep just its partition, the space in the EasyPeasy partition will not help you avoid running out of space from putting files in your home directory (of the [K]Ubuntu system), nor will it keep you from running out of space from installing lots of software. It will simply act like another drive you can use. (Like an external drive, except that since it's on the same physical disk as your installed system, it's not suitable for backups.)

From a data storage perspective, keeping the old EasyPeasy system and using its partition is very similar to removing the old EasyPeasy system but keeping its partition and using it. However, if you're going to keep the partition, you may want to remove the system (in any of the three ways listed above) anyway, since it no longer serves any purpose, its folders could confuse you (as they're named the same as some of the folders in your new system), and updating GRUB after removing it will cause the EasyPeasy option to drop from the boot menu.


How do I force Ubuntu Server to switch to an interactive tty after boot?

(Of course, a week of banging my head, I ask the question and discover the answer 5 mins later...)

Thanks to @Kyle in this thread

  I managed to resolve this for my machines by adjusting the grub
  configuration like so:

  In /etc/default/grub, change:

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" to
  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="nomodeset"
  Then add this line:
  GRUB_TERMINAL_INPUT="console serial"

  Run sudo update-grub and reboot for the changes to take effect.


Your do loop lacks ending with done. Compare

#!/bin/bash
for i in *; do
    echo "item: $i"
done


On my Lubuntu 14.04, the c-space keybinding seemed to be disabled in emacs. For this particular case you may find solutions in

ibus breaks emacs and eclipse control-space keybinding.

The keybinding seems to be used by ibus instead. You may disable this by adding the line

ibus exit

to your ~/.config/lxsession/Lubuntu/autostart.


Step 1: Remove previous version.

sudo apt-get remove skype skype-bin:i386 skype:i386
sudo apt-get install sni-qt:i386

It is Important if you installed older version of Skype on your Ubuntu, Clear the old Skype folder before installing latest version. Then clear that by using:

rm -rf ~/.Skype

Step 2: Preparing to Installing Skype.

Users of 64-bit Ubuntu, should enable MultiArch if it isn't already enabled by running the command

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

Update repositories and "updates" list:

sudo apt-get update

Optional, install GDebi (see below):

sudo apt-get install gdebi #(read Why you need to install gdebi...)

Step 3: Installing Skype

Method 1: Download and install from file

wget download.skype.com/linux/skype-ubuntu-precise_4.3.0.37-1_i386.deb
sudo gdebi skype-ubuntu-precise_4.3.0.37-1_i386.deb

Method 2: Install Skype from Canonical Partner Repository

So add the Canonical Partner Repository to "updates" list by following the command:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner"

Then install Skype via the Software-Center or via the Terminal.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install skype

source

Why you need to install gdebi instead of using dpkg or Ubuntu software center.

dpkg (for Debian package) is a software tool from the command line is responsible for installing, creating, deleting, and managing Debian (packets deb), the type of packets processed by Ubuntu. It also allows the Debian package management from sources outside the apt repositories.

To install packages, dpkg has a graphical interface, gdebi , you can use if you prefer to avoid the command line.

gdebi is an application installation and management of Debian (.deb) packages. This is a utility that works both in graphic mode console and allow the installation of packages outside of APT deposits : from a website, CD-ROM, portable media, etc.
It has the same functionality as apt-get or Ubuntu Software Center : it ensures that the package to be installed is compatible with the version and architecture of the Ubuntu system in which you try to install it, and also ensures that all dependencies required by the package are satisfied. Otherwise, the dependencies are downloaded from the Internet. Using tabs, gdebi also provides access to important information such as folder paths in which to install the various files from .deb package.

Finally gdebi is a lightweight deb packages installer which was the default in Ubuntu Desktop. Now Ubuntu uses Ubuntu Software Center which is slow and sometimes you get The package is of bad quality error.

Read more about GDebi:

To install a package you have downloaded from a website, rather than from a software repository. These packages are called .deb files. Because they may have been created for a different Linux distribution, you might find that there's dependency issues with Ubuntu, meaning that they may be uninstallable.

gdebi is a simple tool to install .deb files. It has a graphical user interface but can also be used in your terminal. It lets you install local deb packages resolving and installing its dependencies.. It automatically checks packages for their dependencies and will try to download them from the Ubuntu software repositories if possible. You may first need to install gdebi - simply install the gdebi package using one of the package managers like dkpg, Synaptic or open a Terminal and type sudo apt-get install gdebi.
Once you have installed gdebi, use the File Browser to find the package you want to install.

Double-click the package to open it with gdebi. If all dependencies have been met for the selected package, simply click the Install package button to install it. gdebi will warn you if there are unmet dependencies, which means that there's dependencies that aren't resolved in the repositories that you're using.


For problems with 'Suspend'.

Add the repositories. Run in terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

Install the latest driver (preferably through the gui 'Additional drivers'). Run in terminal:

software-properties-gtk

and go to 'Additional drivers' tab and install the latest nvidia driver.

Install lightdm. Run in terminal:

sudo apt install lightdm

When asked asked to choose, choose lightdm.
If lightdm is already installed. Run in terminal:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

When asked asked to choose, choose lightdm.
Reboot.
This worked for me. Hope this works for you also.


Cannot install drivers for my Realtek rtl8723be wifi card in Ubuntu 16.10

I maintain the hanipouspilot PPA. That is why I can give the best answer ;-)

I did not upload an rtlwifi-new-dkms package for Yakkety 16.10.

You can try to download the deb for Xenial, but it is unlikely that it will build for the 4.8 kernel. I did not test it.

The reason is simple. I do not use this release and I can't test the module.

You can try to use a driver from https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new


How to stop ubuntu machine from becoming vegetative

I am not sure how server machine works but you shoul try to search after sleeping pc when inactive or something like that. I'm pretty sure that there is the problem.


Ubuntu 19.10 theme changes not accepted in some GNOME apps

so if you run sudo apt install gnome-shell-extensions

you will download an extension called "user themes". Then in gnome tweaks you can go to appearance and change the "shell" to united-ubuntu-dark and that will change the top bar to the normal yaru dark colors.

Only downside is the app drawer icon is the Ubuntu logo instead of the 9 dots.


DNS not working after upgrade from 12.04 to 14.04

Okay, I've got DNS working again. Since it appeared that DNS was being configured right I started wondering about iptables. I flushed the current iptables rules and DNS immediately began working. iptables -F However, the problem returns after rebooting. Now it appears to be a matter of making permanent edits to my iptables.

Apparently I had installed lokkit at some point in the past. I did a complete removal of lokkit and the problem was resolved over boot. I could tell that lokkit was involved because the output of sudo iptables -L included references to lokkit.


Video as sreensaver with xscreensaver and websreensaver

Make a backup from your $HOME/.xscreensaver

I only tested it with mpv videoplayer.

Add

"Movies"  mpv --really-quiet --no-audio --fs            \
                                  --loop=inf --no-stop-screensaver            \
                                  --shuffle --wid=$XSCREENSAVER_WINDOW        \

                                 $HOME/path/to your/video      \n\

Start

xscreensaver-demo

And choose

Forgot source


Move hard disk from one Lenovo computer to another? Is it likely to work?

Yes, it is very likely to work. Linux is much more... transferrable then, say, Windows.

I have an HDD which migrated from an Atom-based netbook to a quad-core desktop to another laptop and it booted perfectly in all those machines.


Boot error after screwing up dual-boot files

I will recommend you to first reinstall GRUB using a Live USB/CD of Lubuntu and then repair your boot drive by using Boot Repair. Follow the steps on link provided and then use bootrec.exe to achieve your goal.

You can follow these steps

Installing Boot-Repair

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Using Boot-Repair

Recommended repair

launch Boot-Repair : type "boot-repair" in terminal.

Then click the "Recommended repair" button. When repair is finished, note the URL (paste.ubuntu.com/XXXXX) that appeared on a paper, then reboot and check if you recovered access to your OSs.

If the repair did not succeed, indicate the URL to people who help you by email or forum.


How can I run kile after updating to texlive 2012 on ubuntu 12.04 (for beginners)

The style file you are looking for is shipped with texlive-latex-recommended

Just install it with

sudo apt-get install texlive-latex-recommended

There is no need to add a ppa for that.

That problem shows up quite regularly with Ubuntu/Debian since the various cls files are distributed in useful (smaller than several GB) packages.

You can always try to go to packages.ubuntu.com -> Search the contents of packages if you are looking for a package containing a file.

Friends of the command line might check out the apt-file tool (since dpkg -S only looks for already installed packages).


xdg-open opens chrome but does not load the URL

It's because the .desktop file that Chrome installs in your home (in ~/.local/share/applications) is bad. Either add a %U to the end of the Exec= line, like so:

Exec=/opt/google/chrome/chrome %U

or remove it and let your system pick up the one Chrome itself ships in /usr/share.


UFW - what is the meaning of 'Rule changed after normalization'

I don't have a definitive answer, but I do have an example. Note that man ufw explains:

Because rules are normalized by ufw, rules may look different than the originally added rule.

In my case, ufw had to normalize the rule I gave it because it was an IP + subnet (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/xx) where the IP was more specific than the subnet required; e.g.,
# ufw allow from 192.168.123.8/24

The /24 subnet says "include all IP addresses that match 192.168.123.xxx, so the .8 at the end is unnecessary: 192.168.123.0/24 means the same thing without the extra "significant digits". Thus, ufw normalizes my rule by converting the .8 to .0.
Not sure what other kinds of normalization ufw performs, but you can probably observe what happened simply by comparing the rule you gave to ufw and the rules it reports in ufw status.


How to upgrade PHP 7.0 to 7.1 in Ubuntu (offline server)?

You can try this out:

Add ppa
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

Update apt list
sudo apt update

Install php 7.1
sudo apt install php7.1 php7.1-common

Remove Php 7.0
sudo apt purge php7.0 php7.0-common

Note: Before doing anything if you have apache server running then make sure to stop its service. To stop its service use the command service apache2 stop


Will the mkfs reformat my USB/external HDD?

If there is any bugs on the linux kernal,it shows wrong filesystem type error when you connect USB or External HDD to the pc.Run the below command on the terminal to update your linux-kernal.

sudo apt-get install linux-generic

Once the kernal was successfully installed,reboot your pc.


China block using ipset

You can't manually add a few thousand IP addresses to your iptables, and even doing it automatically is a bad idea because it can cause a lot of CPU load (or so I've read). Instead we can use ipset which is designed for this sort of thing. ipset handles big lists of ip addresses; you just create a list and then tell iptables to use that list in a rule.

Note; I assume that the entirety of the following is done as root. Adjust accordingly if your system is based on sudo.

apt-get install ipset

Next, I wrote a small Bash script to do all the work, which you should be able to understand from the comments in it. Create a file:

nano /etc/block-china.sh

Here's what you want to paste into it:

# Create the ipset list
ipset -N china hash:net

# remove any old list that might exist from previous runs of this script
rm cn.zone

# Pull the latest IP set for China
wget -P . http://www.ipdeny.com/ipblocks/data/countries/cn.zone

# Add each IP address from the downloaded list into the ipset 'china'
for i in $(cat /etc/cn.zone ); do ipset -A china $i; done

# Restore iptables
/sbin/iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.firewall.rules

Save the file. Make it executable:

chmod +x /etc/block-china.sh

This hasn't done anything yet, but it will in a minute when we run the script. First, we need to add a rule into iptables that refers to this new ipset list the script above defines:

nano /etc/iptables.firewall.rules

Add the following line:

-A INPUT -p tcp -m set --match-set china src -j DROP

Save the file. To be clear, my full iptables.firewall.rules now looks like this:

*filter

#  Allow all loopback (lo0) traffic and drop all traffic to 127/8 that doesn't use lo0
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT

#  Accept all established inbound connections
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

# Block anything from China
# These rules are pulled from ipset's china list
# The source file is at /etc/cn.zone (which in turn is generated by a shell script at /etc/block-china.sh )
-A INPUT -p tcp -m set --match-set china src -j DROP

#  Allow all outbound traffic - you can modify this to only allow certain traffic
-A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT

#  Allow HTTP and HTTPS connections from anywhere (the normal ports for websites and SSL).
-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT

#  Allow SSH connections
#
#  The -dport number should be the same port number you set in sshd_config
#
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

#  Allow ping
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT

#  Log iptables denied calls
-A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " --log-level 7

#  Drop all other inbound - default deny unless explicitly allowed policy
-A INPUT -j DROP
-A FORWARD -j DROP

COMMIT

Right now, nothing has changed with the server because no new rules have been applied; to do so, run the block-china.sh script:

/etc/block-china.sh

This should show some output as it pulls a fresh list of Chinese based IPs and then, after a few seconds or so, it will complete and drop you back to a command prompt.

To test if it worked, run:

iptables -L

You should now see a new rule blocking China – the output ought to look like this:

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere
REJECT     all  --  anywhere             loopback/8           reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere             state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
DROP       tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere             match-set china src
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere             tcp dpt:http
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere             tcp dpt:https
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere             state NEW tcp dpt:ssh
ACCEPT     icmp --  anywhere             anywhere
LOG        all  --  anywhere             anywhere             limit: avg 5/min burst 5 LOG level debug prefix "iptables denied: "
DROP       all  --  anywhere             anywhere

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
DROP       all  --  anywhere             anywhere

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere

Almost done! This works, and will continue to work on re-boots. But, IP addresses change and that list will grow stale over time. If you want to pull and apply an updated list of IPs you can just run the block-china.sh script again.

We can also set the machine to do that automatically via a cron job:

crontab -e

Add a line such as this:

* 5 * * * /etc/block-china.sh

This will run /etc/block-china.sh at 5am every day. The user running the script will need to be root or have root privileges.

source


Does Ubuntu Server work on HP MicroServer G7 N54L?


How to drag windows to another workspace from the spread view?

From the spread view (SUPER + S) just grab the window and drop it on another workspace.

P.S.: It seems as though there was a slight misunderstanding with what you regarded as the spread view.  You can always hold down SUPER to see all Unity shortcuts and their effects in a nifty overview.


Repeated wi-fi crashes after connecting a 12.10 server

I have a similar setup.

I have a Netcomm ADSL modem (connected to phone line), which has an Ethernet connection to a D-Link 4-port GigaBit WiFi router.

What might help:

I disabled PPPoA on the ADSL modem, and instead use PPPoE on WiFi router.

This is now significantly more stable, as otherwise the ADSL router reset every 4-5 hours. It would usually auto re-connect, but would disrupt downloads, email, etc.

Still unsure what might be causing the WiFi issue for you.


inxi is a package available in the Universe repository. The version of inxi in 18.04.1 is 2.3.56. It uses Gawk/Bash to examine your system to extract a variety of information that could be helpful in describing your system when seeking help.

From the man page:

  inxi  is  a command line system information script built for console
  and IRC.  It is also used a debugging tool for forum technical support
  to quickly  ascertain users' system configurations and hardware. inxi
  shows system  hardware, CPU, drivers, Xorg, Desktop, Kernel, gcc
  version(s), Processes,  RAM usage, and a wide variety of other useful
  information.

The man page lists numerous inxi options but to summarize the uppercase options:

-A = Audio
-B = Battery
-C = CPU
-D = Hard Disk
-G = Graphics
-I = Information about processes, uptime, memory, inxi version
-M = Machine data such as device (laptop/desktop), motherboard, BIOS, etc
-N = Network information
-P = Partition information
-R = RAID information
-S = System information such as hostname, kernel, 32/64-bit, desktop environment, distro, etc
-W = Weather but this maybe unreliable!

And here's just a few of the lowercase ones:

-c0 turns off colored output and is useful for redirecting cleanly (without escape codes) to a text file
-c when used in inxi -t c10, as an example, would list the top ten processes in terms of CPU usage
-m when used in inxi -t m10, as an example, would list the top ten processes in terms of RAM usage
-n shows advanced network information
-t as illustrated above, is required to generate a numbered list of processes such as specified by -cN or -mN where N is the number of processes required
-r lists repository data including ppas
-s provides information on temperatures (mobo/cpu/gpu) and fan speeds

Privacy considerations
Since inxi output is often posted in public fora, the -z option filters out data such as MAC addresses. If the hostname (normally generated by -S), is to be hidden, -! 31 can be used.

The -x factor
The following example illustrates the use of -x, -xx, and -xxx and should be self-explanatory:

dkb@dkb-xubu:~$
dkb@dkb-xubu:~$ inxi -S
System:    Host: dkb-xubu Kernel: 4.15.0-33-generic x86_64 bits: 64 Desktop: Xfce 4.12.3
           Distro: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS
dkb@dkb-xubu:~$ inxi -Sx
System:    Host: dkb-xubu Kernel: 4.15.0-33-generic x86_64 bits: 64 gcc: 7.3.0
           Desktop: Xfce 4.12.3 (Gtk 2.24.31) Distro: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS
dkb@dkb-xubu:~$ inxi -Sxx
System:    Host: dkb-xubu Kernel: 4.15.0-33-generic x86_64 bits: 64 gcc: 7.3.0
           Desktop: Xfce 4.12.3 (Gtk 2.24.31) dm: lightdm Distro: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS
dkb@dkb-xubu:~$ inxi -Sxxx
System:    Host: dkb-xubu Kernel: 4.15.0-33-generic x86_64 bits: 64 gcc: 7.3.0
           Desktop: Xfce 4.12.3 (Gtk 2.24.31) info: xfce4-panel dm: lightdm Distro: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS
dkb@dkb-xubu:~$

Conclusion:
So, what's a convenient command for someone wanting to present information concisely?

I'd go with inxi -Fxxxz for starters where -F is shorthand for including  all uppercase options, plus -s and -n
For reporting on CPU/RAM, something like inxi -t cm10 may help
inxi -r would list your repos and ppas and their status

Footnote: a newer Perl-based version of inxi is available via:

sudo wget -O /usr/local/bin/inxi https://github.com/smxi/inxi/raw/master/inxi
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/inxi

after which

sudo inxi -U will, when run for the first time, install the corresponding man pages and, on subsequent runs, will install newer versions of inxi and its man page. The changelog is very good reading for those interested in the inner workings of inxi.

Another option is to add Unit 193's personal package archive which closely tracks the github version.


Visual Studio Code kills wayland session

Ok, I found the problem.
It's a duplicate of https://github.com/Microsoft/vscode/issues/61074


Following a recent upgrade to Ubuntu 20.04 installation terminal prompt is only displaying 4 characters

Really the problem is with oibaf/graphics-drivers, after remove and reinstalled gnome-shell it returned to normal.
sudo apt install ppa-purge;sudo ppa-purge ppa:kisak/kisak-mesa -y
sudo ppa-purge ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers -y
This will remove all oibaf drivers, then reinstall gnome-shell
sudo apt install gnome-shell -y


Wine Problems // Black Meshes and bad performance

Well, my first suggestion would be to try Playonlinux, I went over 2 years without using it. But once I installed it, it was great. It allows you to very easily manage all your Wine prefixes (your virtual C:/ drives). You can use it as intended, or you can do what I do and just use everything from its config screen. But Google will turn up plenty of resources on how to use it.

Second, If your using Intel Integrated, you can continue to try if you so choose, but Intel chips don't work to well - if at all - for games in Linux, especially wine. I have a laptop with a GMA965 that wont load anything properly similar to what you described its mostly black textures. However I had a friend with a GMA950 that would display just fine, but games would only get around 3FPS. So its a shot in the dark for Intel GPUs.

nvidia has the best Linux support at the moment, even though I'm running a AMD Radeon HD 6850 and there drivers aren't "that bad", you'll definitely find better support with nvidia.


New Install 1204 error "OUT OF RANGE" black screen with cursor and dead

IMO there is a high likelihood this is being caused by this bug, given that Krzysztof Pyrzyk stated he has an old nvidia card and is getting the same issue:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-graphics-drivers-173/+bug/948053

I reckon the reason that the livecd worked and your install didn't is that the installer installed the nvidia_current driver for the install but ran the nouveau driver for the livecd.

You can diasble the nvidia_current driver if you can get to a terminal (ctrl-alt-f1) and type this. On reboot this should enable the nouveau driver.

sudo jockey-text -d xorg:nvidia_current

Older nvidia graphics card run better on the 173 and 96 branches of the nvidia drivers, but neither is currently available on 12.04. However 173 is available from nvidia here: ftp://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86/173.14.35/ you would need to execute the .run file, however I wouldn't recommend it as it means every kernel update will break it :( and you will need to build the driver again.


Installing Ubuntu 12.04 on a Lenovo G500

Follow the steps detailed on this page:

Screen brightness reset to minimum after every reboot

The file /etc/rc.local add before line exit 0:

echo 5 > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness
exit 0

Where 5 is the brightness level from 0 to 10

The max brightness is defined in /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/max_brightness. The default is 15 on my laptop. So if you want to set it to 50%, you should use echo 7. –  amazingjxq Dec 3 '11 at 3:50

In my Lenovo G500, max brightness seemed to be 100, so I added that line with 'echo 500'.  Rebooted and no problem.


Internet stops working after a few minutes (13.04)

If you're satisfied with a wired connection, turn off wireless, unplug the network cable and plug it back in when the notification icon reads that you are disconnected.

I don't know why both don't work at the same time in the 3.8 kernels, but this works for me on my Lenovo laptop.

Follow up: 14 June 2013 - I re-enabled WIFI and unplugged my network cable. So far it's working fine.

Having the two on together seems to be the issue in the 3.8 kernels. I still have a 3.5 kernel that doesn't have any problem running both simultaneously.


How to use python3 in emacs on ubuntu 14.04

Here's a solution which re-defines python-shell-parse-command:

(require 'python)
(defun python-shell-parse-command ()
  "Return the string used to execute the inferior Python process."
  "/usr/bin/python3 -i"
  )

Calling run-python invokes /usr/bin/python3 -i.

As a side note

There are two modes for python: python.el (default) and python-mode.el. You cite binding from python.el so I gave a solution for python.el. I just wanted to mention that python-mode.el has a built-in command for the task: python3.


first of all you have to check that your conf file has any syntactical error or not by,typing cmd on terminal init-checkconf /etc/init/<yourfile>.conf
if it show File /etc/init/<yourfile>.conf: syntax ok then there is no syntactical error.
and writeexec python /home/partho/Documents/py/test/x.py instead only giving cmd and check it.


No applications I have downloaded will open

I found it...

Look at this page: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XenialXerus/ReleaseNotes/

They have written:

Sometimes doesn't update apps to "Installed" after installation via search https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-software/+bug/1551599


Ubuntu frequently hogging up disk space?

Not sure if you are deleting large files, but one immediate troubleshoot would be to check your trash. Ubuntu counts the trash against the disk space, i.e. it does not auto-clear but requires you to explicitly empty it before the space taken up by deleted files is made available for use.


Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 3.8.0-37-generic (x86_64)

The version of the OpenAFS client in 12.04.4 does not support the kernel in 12.04.4. See bug 1206387. Specifically, OpenAFS 1.6.1 does not support Linux kernel 3.8, and the relevant patches to make it support that kernel have not been cherry-picked to the official package in precise.

As a workaround, I believe you can use this OpenAFS PPA.


How to make express vpn run automatically at startup

Click on the 9 dots menu and type 'Startup'.
Click on Startup Applications.
Click on Add.
Name it something like Express VPN.
In the command section, enter:
expressvpn connect

Save it by clicking Add and it should automatically connect when you next start your computer. If expressvpn has any other terminal command options you can simply modify the command above to suit.


VPN (sort of) works in 12.04 but fails in 12.10 with the same settings

If you have any connectivity at all then your VPN settings are probably correct. That the connection falls away and that the problem got worse on upgrade to 12.10 support the hypothesis that the problem is with the network driver. Do you have another interface (Wi-Fi or Ethernet) which you are not using to connect to the Internet? Try connecting to the Internet only through that other interface and then connecting to the VPN. Does this solve the problem? If so then please file a bug report against the "linux" package at bugs.launchpad.net, describing your symptoms and mentioning the hardware and driver involved.


Ubuntu Server keeps suspending when external monitor is disconnected

I see this is an old question already but I experienced exactly the same problem. Moreover I was working on an embedded pc, which for some reason also thought it was a laptop and was receiving the lidswitch=closed signal continuously.

For me the following fixed the problem:

edit: /etc/systemd/logind.conf

Uncomment and change the line:

#HandleLidSwitch=suspend

to:

HandleLidSwitch=ignore

And restart logind with:

sudo service systemd-logind restart

This solved it for me, no more suspends and no more log flooding!


I can not find any repo for Ubuntu 13.04

I suggest you contact the gnome15 team - https://launchpad.net/~gnome15-team

In the absence of a repository you would need to build from source.

http://www.gnome15.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5&Itemid=34

From the above link (I suggest you read it for details)

bzr branch lp:~tanktarta/gnome15/stable gnome15

Read The Install Manual

Most of Gnome15 uses autotools. Run the commands below, or for a more detailed explanation you should read the Installation Manual.

cd gnome15
./configure
make

Then:

sudo make install


Firmware/driver for Broadcom wifi card, PowerBook G4 running Ubuntu 12.04

Edit: You may wish to consult the Ubuntu Wiki on this issue before reading my answer, it's at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/Driver/bcm43xx

It has a clearer solution. I have left my original answer, however please note that the wiki lays it out better than I do.

You have a newer version? I would try to figure out what the version for 12.04 is and download that one instead. If that IS the version, it's because the system hasn't had apt-get update run in a while - since you can't connect to the network, you may need an older version.

You could look into aptoncd as well - this is a way that allows a computer WITH a network connection to serve as a package repository for a computer that doesn't have one - by, say, burning the packages to CD. (There are other options.)

If you need to manually install a .deb file, the easiest way is with gdebi which should still be in the Software Center. Since you can't do that...see below.

You may also want to install synaptic so you can do some things a little more manually. gdebi, apt-get, synaptic, and Software Center all use the same package repositories but allow you to do different things - Software Center is the easiest to use. The thing is you'll need a network connection (or aptoncd on another machine, or you'll have to install the packages manually.)

The reason this method is frowned upon is that you're delving into the sausage factory, and if you don't know what you're doing you can end up with some serious dependency problems and broken packages.

Right-clicking the file with archive manager is easily explained - .deb is an archive format. You could uncompress the file and try to run the contents manually...but...don't. It's not worth the trouble in most cases.

I also suggest a USB-Ethernet adapter, or a USB wireless card with a chipset "known to work" out of the box - Atheros chipsets should work flawlessly. That will at least get you on the network instead of having to play sneakernet.

UPDATE: Still reading? None of those worked? It's time to dive headlong into the sausage factory.

Open a terminal and type this: sudo dpkg -i b43-fwcutter015-14_powerpc.deb

You will most likely get warnings - hell it may not even install, it may want dependencies.

However this is only HALF the problem - you still need the firmware file to have the cutter cut it. Consult the wiki for the proper firmware file for your card.

This is the sort of thing we steer everyone away from here - because it's the sort of thing that was automated so you wouldn't have to do it manually, because it's easy to screw up. You know those whole "oh I spent all weekend recompiling my kernel so my graphics card would work" stereotypes? Yeah, we're trying to avoid those.

I really really recommend borrowing a USB-Ethernet or USB Wireless card with a non-broadcom chipset. It will be thousands of times easier.


You are missing some packages to be able to build your drivers, please install them before trying to rebuild the drivers again. Open a terminal and type

sudo apt-get install build-essential cdbs fakeroot dh-make debhelper debconf libstdc++6 dkms libqtgui4 wget execstack libelfg0 dh-modaliases

After these are installed you can then execute sh ./amd-driver-installer-12-1-x86.x86_64.run --buildpkg Ubuntu/oneiric to build the packages and sudo dpkg -i fglrx*.deb to install them.

Please make sure that any old version of the drivers is already removed from the system

sudo sh /usr/share/ati/fglrx-uninstall.sh
sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx fglrx_* fglrx-amdcccle* fglrx-dev*

will remove any previous installed versions at the moment in your system, dont worry if they give faults, just move on.

For a complete step by step guide on how to remove / revert / install the AMD driver visit this post

Is my ATI graphics card supported in Ubuntu?


running
    sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite /var/cache/apt/archives/dkms_2.3-3ubuntu9.2_all.deb

and

sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite /var/cache/apt/archives/nvidia-418_418.40.04-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb

allowed me to work through this. Might be a packaging bug?


Ubuntu 14.04 totally locked after replacing graphic card (gf 750 ti)

In case you had the proprietary AMD drivers installed, first remove them.

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.
On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 ... enter  user name and password ...

Now execute the following commands :

sudo apt-get purge fglrx*
sudo reboot

Install the latest stable NVIDIA drivers 352 from the Ubuntu repositories.

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.
On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 ... enter  user name and password ...

Now execute the following commands :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352
sudo reboot


That file is supposed to be there (or under /usr/bin/[). It allows you to type, for instance, [ -f $HOME/.bashrc ] && echo ".bashrc exists", which is equivalent to test -f $HOME/.bashrc && echo ".bashrc exists".

Reality is a bit more complicated, since bash overrides /usr/bin/[ with its own [, so you can use the [ executable by providing a full path, /usr/bin/[ -f $HOME/.bashrc ] && echo ".bashrc exists".


You didn’t show the whole script, but I assume you don’t really need eval and echo in the last line. You can use a bash Arithmetic Expression $((…)) as follows:

date -ud "@$(($(mediainfo --Inform="General;%Duration%" "$1")/1000))" +%l:%M

Because %l is “hour, space padded ( 1..12)” %l:%M gives a wrong output, for a movie with 00:56:40 it shows 12:56. Maybe you want something different, but I’ve never seen 12-hour format used on a duration – if displaying the file’s duration in HH:MM format with space-padded hours is what you want +%_H:%M does the trick:

$ date -ud@"$(($(mediainfo --Inform="General;%Duration%" /path/to/file)/1000))" +%_H:%M
 0:56

Further reading

bash hackers wiki article on Arithmetic Expressions
man bash/ARITHMETIC EVALUATION


Why can't I manually add this VMware based machine?

Curiouser and curiouser. Changing the login credentials did get to "save" but aren't working (and considering there isn't a guest OS yet, I was obviously misled. On the host mac,

vmrun start  Virtual\ Machines.localized/Clonemaas_slave1.vmwarevm

started the machine (so VMware isn't imposing the requirement for credentials). The machine makes it to "new" but fails commissioning with

 Error: [Errno 111] Connection refused

The other settings:
vm UUID (cd $VMs/grep -Ri ...) but also deleted the UUID and used the name

vmware hostname: localhost
username:        $myMacUserName
vmware password: $myMacLogin

note ssh $myMacUserName@localhost works fine.


I don't have a current count, but I think most are imported.  You can try to checkout packages with bzr branch lp:ubuntu/PACKAGENAME or lp:ubuntu/maverick/PACKAGENAME, for a couple examples.

Of course, replace PACKAGENAME with the package you are looking for, and you can replace maverick with the release you are looking for, lucid, karmic, etc. You can make changes and push to your own bzr branches for sponsorship.


How to put executable to /usr/local/bin?

Just copy it to /usr/local/bin.

sudo cp /path/to/profit /usr/local/bin


I have experience with ETPS/2 Elantech Touchpad on a Dell Vostro 5470, tested with 14.04.2, this touchpad works well with many gestures:

One-finger tap
Two-finger tap rightkey
Two-finger scrolling
Three-finger move / full screen / window switcher
Four-finger dash

It does not work with two-finger zoom/pinch, however, I don't think it's supported as it's not listed in the Ubuntu Wiki for Multitouch. So it looks like this touchpad fits your "working" criteria.

Here is the device information in case if you're interested:

I: Bus=0011 Vendor=0002 Product=000e Version=0000
N: Name="ETPS/2 Elantech Touchpad"
P: Phys=isa0060/serio1/input0
S: Sysfs=/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input6
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=mouse0 event5
B: PROP=5
B: EV=b
B: KEY=e420 10000 0 0 0 0
B: ABS=661800011000003


I am not sure now, but I recall these drivers were not in package, but were to be downloaded from Texas Instruments site for free, but in (appreciate that) in .msi installation file.


source command error from /usr/share/bash-completion/bash-completion when I open a terminal

To see if any of your aliases are conflicting with a bash built-in or a system command use this script:

#!/bin/bash -i

# NAME: alias-check
# PATH: /mnt/e/bin
# DESC: Verify alias doesn't conflict with bash built-in
# DATE: June 17, 2018.

# Get aliases
alias > /tmp/alias.lst
sed -i 's/=.*//; s/alias //g' /tmp/alias.lst
#cat /tmp/alias.lst
while read -r line
do
   command type -a ${line}
done< /tmp/alias.lst

Testing bad aliases

Edit ~/.bashrc and insert these "bad" aliases:

alias fi=find
alias test='ls test'

Now run the script alias-check:

bash: /home/rick/.bashrc: line 171: syntax error: unexpected end of file
alert is aliased to `notify-send --urgency=low -i "$([ $? = 0 ] && echo terminal || echo error)" "$(history|tail -n1|sed -e 's/^\s*[0-9]\+\s*//;s/[;&|]\s*alert$//')"'
cdd is aliased to `cd /home/rick/SERVER/#/Dump'
cdh is aliased to `cd /home/rick'
cdm is aliased to `cd /media/rick/ST9_Win7/Users/Person/Music/iTunes/iTunes Media/Music'
egrep is aliased to `egrep --color=auto'
egrep is /bin/egrep
fgrep is aliased to `fgrep --color=auto'
fgrep is /bin/fgrep
fi is aliased to `find'
fi is a shell keyword
grep is aliased to `grep --color=auto'
grep is /bin/grep
l is aliased to `ls -CF'
la is aliased to `ls -A'
ll is aliased to `ls -alF'
ls is aliased to `ls --color=auto'
ls is /bin/ls
lsdrv is aliased to `lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,LABEL,MOUNTPOINT,SIZE,MODEL'
redalert is aliased to `notify-send --urgency=critical -i "$([ $? = 0 ] && echo terminal || echo error)" "$(history|tail -n1|sed -e 's/^\s*[0-9]\+\s*//;s/[;&|]\s*alert$//')"'
sudo is aliased to `sudo '
sudo is /usr/bin/sudo
test is aliased to `ls test'
test is a shell builtin
test is /usr/bin/test
zenity is aliased to `zenity 2>/dev/null'
zenity is /mnt/e/usr/local/bin/zenity
zenity is /usr/local/bin/zenity
zenity is /usr/bin/zenity

Notice the lines:

fi is a shell keyword
test is a shell builtin

Look for these types of errors in your aliases.

After testing don't forget to remove the aliases fi and test and save ~/.bashrc again.

You can't run the test by simply issuing alias at the command line because the first line of the script #!/bin/bash -i loads a new shell using ~/.bashrc.


sudo /etc/init.d/smbd restart

  Rather than invoking init scripts through /etc/init.d, use the service(8)
  utility, e.g. service smbd restart

  Since the script you are attempting to invoke has been converted to an
  Upstart job, you may also use the stop(8) and then start(8) utilities,
  e.g. stop smbd ; start smbd. The restart(8) utility is also available.

  smbd stop/waiting

  smbd start/running, process 7831

So the commands to start/stop samba:

sudo stop smbd
sudo start smbd

For systemd related systems (ie. Ubuntu 16.04):

systemctl start smbd.service
systemctl stop smbd.service


How to reset unity in Ubuntu 15.10 without WiFi

have you tried restart the lightdm service.
or u can do : apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-session
as per this url:
http://sourcedigit.com/16407-how-to-fix-failed-to-start-session-at-ubuntu-login/

and if problem still exists than try to login as a guest account, if succeeded than go back to ctrl+alt+f1 check the permission & ownership of your user:
ls -la /home/user
check optput of these files:
drwx------  3 user user  4096 Aug  6  2015 .gnome
-rw-------  1 user user    49 Jan  1  2010 .Xauthority
if permission are not like this than set the permission and also do chown to user for all files in the user & reboot system, hope this will solve your problem.


DBus error while boot after upgrade to 11.10

Read post #9 there: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/sysvinit/+bug/858122


The initramfs will attempt to resume from /dev/dm-1

It may happen when you install another OS alongside the first one.
Means that swap partition has changed UUID and you need to adjust that in fstab.
To check that run sudo blkid, that gives you actual UUIDs of your swaps, swapon -s will show which one is active, then compare its UUID to the one in /etc/fstab.
If different, edit/create the file /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume with RESUME=UUID=<swap UUID from blkid>. THen run update-initramfs -u -k all and if it doesn't complain, you win.


Unable to access my other partition (volume)

Update: #1
If you don't have Windows installed any more, and drive D: and E: are external drives, either connect those drives to another working Windows system and run the last two chkdsk commands shown in my answer, or, boot to a Windows install/repair disc and run chkdsk from there.
Update #2:
Go ahead and use the ntfsfix command on your E: drive, like so...
sudo ntfsfix /dev/sda3

If the NTFS drives are mounting as read-only, or not mounting at all, it's probably because Ubuntu thinks their filesystems are unclean, probably due to hibernation, or a damaged file system. Do this...
in Windows...

boot into Windows
open the Power control panel
choose change what the power buttons do
choose change options that are unavailable
uncheck fast startup
close the Power control panel
open an administrative command prompt window
type powercfg /h off
type chkdsk /f c:
approve to run chkdsk at next reboot
type chkdsk /f d:
type chkdsk /f e:
reboot into Windows to let chkdsk run on drive C:


I can tell you a simple way to change the eth1 address without using macchanger.

sudo ifconfig eth1 down
 sudo ifconfig eth1 hw ether 00:11:22:33:44:55
 sudo ifconfig eth1 up

Then you're all set with your new mac address.


It can be done, if you have KDE I think the easiest applications to use are guarddog and guidedog. Both are in the Ubuntu repositories.

http://www.simonzone.com/software/guidedog/manual/

http://www.simonzone.com/software/guidedog/

With that said, I would advise you use a firewall / router specific distro, smoothwall is one of several options.

http://www.smoothwall.org/

Smoothwall screenshots (of the web interface)

http://www.smoothwall.org/about/screenshots/

The advantages of smoothwall (or similar) are

Pre-configured out of the box / specifically designed for this task.
Security. Less packages = more security. A full desktop, such as gnome or kde, let alone X can be a security risk on a router.
Web (graphical) interface for easy configuration.
Smoothwall web interface has whole sections on traffic monitoring.

So yes, it can be done with Ubuntu, but smoothwall (or similar) is probably easier and in many ways superior.


Problems with Photoshop CS5 on Wine 1.3: C++ Library Runtime Error

Winetricks will solve that for you.

sudo apt-get install winetricks

Then search winetricks for mfc80:

winetricks dlls list | grep mfc80

It will output something like:

vcrun2005                Visual C++ 2005 libraries (mfc80,msvcp80,msvcr80) (Microsoft, 2011) [downloadable]

Just install the winetricks "package" it wants you to install with:

winetricks <package>

which in this case, would be:

winetricks vcrun2005


Where is download location on Ubuntu web browser?

The image files at least are stored in:

/home/<username>/.cache/webbrowser-app/captures

The problem is that the webbrowser-app is intended to display web apps in Unity 7 and to be used mobile-style in Unity 8. It doesn't behave like a full-featured replacement for other browsers.

Right click and image in the browser and choose: Open in new tab. You will see the saved image appear in the captures directory; but it won't look like the clean save that you would get from Firefox. Nevertheless, that is the saved image file.

Downloads are handled (in a way that I haven't fully figured out) in

/home/<username>/.local/share/webbrowser-app

through the LocalStorage directory and sqlite databases.

I think you may find that the current webbrowser-app may not be fully suitable as a replacement for standard browsers. There are other light browsers. The most full-featured is (imo) midori.


How to use "read" to enter a directory "cd" to change a file "chmod +x"?

The script exits because of the following error:

a.sh: line 7: syntax error near unexpected token `('
a.sh: line 7: `echo Type your .sh filename (target.sh)...'

In Bash, and more generally in command line interpreters, some characters are special and have a meaning. ( and ) are two of those characters.

When using echo, read -p or other similar commands, always enclose your strings in quotes, like this:

echo "Put me next to your targeted .sh file!"
[...]
echo "Type your .sh filename (target.sh)..."
[...]
echo "Target Converted!"


USB serial adapter not showing as /dev/ttyUSBn

Found it.

The process I used to restore the system was:

install a fresh 14.04 on a new boot disk
restore everything from backup except /boot

Since I had the system up-to-date, I hoped there would be no problems with this. Almost...

Strangely, the fresh install left me with a 4.40 linux kernel, which is not part of the distribution. So, when I restored /lib, the 4.40 kernel modules where replaced by the 3.13 ones. This meant that the FTDI module was not being loaded anymore.

The solution was to force the reinstall of the 3.13 kernel and manually remove the 4.40 kernel files from /boot. After running update-grub, everything was back to normal.

Thanks for the pointing the right direction @heynnema


Launchpad builderror - Can't locate Debian/Debhelper/Sequence/python3.pm

Add dh-python to Build-Depends in the debian/control file.
After doing this, Launchpad builds without throwing any error.


Refusal to Boot; Fixed Through Recovery; No Idea what Happened

This seems like your GRUB config (/boot/grub/grub.cfg) file was removed, corrupted, or misconfigured.

Generally, powering on your computer would do it's initialization and then load GRUB from the boot sector of your hard disk, and that would then load the GRUB configuration which tells it where to find your initial RAM disk on your drive.

This is usually loaded, which then reads your Linux install and boots normally.

With a corrupted or missing GRUB file, this chain breaks which tends to result in a simple black screen with

boot:

Recovery has a few options here.

You could manually pass options to GRUB at this stage, telling it where your initial RAM disk is.

Recovery mode (which you used) loads Linux from a CD and will then probe your disk and attempt to intelligently build a GRUB config for you. If detected, it will also install GRUB to the disks boot loader.

This process can be done manually using update-grub or grub-install, which can come in handy in situations where an update breaks for some reason and you can tell that you won't come back without handling GRUB. In this case, those two tools can be used to essentially do the same thing that Recovery Mode would do, but on your system that's already booted and running.


Error while building Unity 8: "Could not determine USS private plugin installation dir."

Sorry that I bring bad news. This is a known bug since 2015-03-12. Login with your Launchpad Account and click This bug affects 2 people. Does this bug affect you?. So you will be informed about the progress.


If your monitors are different sizes, choosing zoom or fill in the background appearance settings will have the best results.

To have more control over desktop backgrounds for multiple monitors, try nitrogen (see this answer).


What is the proper way to setup an Ubuntu OpenStack instance to run MySQL?

conventional way!

Start with a VM that has enough CPU/Memory to handle  user/developer work load.

For storage you can start with small instance, utilize LVM in linux to grow your database volume as you need (online without downtime).

Meaning:

You will need to create a volume group in linux & add  logical volumes to it, then mount it to /var, then install mysql mysql-server packages.

there is no limit on how many logical volumes you could add, you can technically scale upto terabytes of data and the limit would be file system and cost.

PS: its recommended to use xfs file system with very large data volumes. for most cases ext3 or ext4 will do just fine).


From similar post...

For 12.04 and newer

  gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec 'goterminal'


Is there a LiveCD (not DVD) for Ubuntu 13.10?

This should be as simple as burning the Lubuntu iso to your CD and going through the installation as normal. After you've gotten that installed, you should be able to just execute a few commands to remove the Lubuntu desktop and install the Ubuntu desktop in its place.

From the Lubuntu desktop, press Ctrl + Alt + F2 to get to tty/terminal mode.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get remove lubuntu-desktop lubuntu-artwork plymouth-theme-lubuntu-logo plymouth-theme-lubuntu-text
sudo apt-get autoremove

This will possibly/probably leave some leftover Lubuntu packages (text editors, IM client, etc), so if you want to remove everything related to Lubuntu, the following command should work:

P.S. Command pulled from this post

EDIT:  It looks like this page is the original source for the following code. Thanks to @TrailRider for the link. :)

sudo apt-get remove abiword abiword-common abiword-plugin-grammar abiword-plugin-mathview ace-of-penguins audacious audacious-plugins chromium-browser chromium-browser-l10n chromium-codecs-ffmpeg elementary-icon-theme esound-common galculator gdebi gdebi-core giblib1 gnome-icon-theme-full gnome-mplayer gnome-system-tools gnome-time-admin gnumeric gnumeric-common gnumeric-doc gpicview gtk2-engines-pixbuf guvcview hardinfo indicator-status-provider-pidgin leafpad libabiword-3.0 libaiksaurus-1.2-0c2a libaiksaurus-1.2-data libaiksaurusgtk-1.2-0c2a libaudclient2 libaudcore1 libaudiofile1 libavcodec53 libavformat53 libavutil51 libbinio1ldbl libcddb2 libcompfaceg1 libcue1 libdca0 libdirectfb-1.2-9 libdiscid0 libdvdnav4 libdvdread4 libenca0 libencode-locale-perl libept1.4.12 libesd0 libexo-1-0 libexo-common libfaad2 libfile-listing-perl libfluidsynth1 libfm-data libfm-gtk-data libfm-gtk3 libfm3 libfont-afm-perl libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libglade2-0 libgoffice-0.8-8 libgoffice-0.8-8-common libgringotts2 libgsf-1-114 libgsf-1-common libgsm1 libgtkmathview0c2a libhtml-form-perl libhtml-format-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-daemon-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libhttp-negotiate-perl libid3tag0 libimlib2 libio-socket-ssl-perl libjpeg-progs liblink-grammar4 libloudmouth1-0 liblwp-mediatypes-perl liblwp-protocol-https-perl libmailtools-perl libmcrypt4 libmcs1 libmenu-cache3 libmms0 libmowgli2 libmusicbrainz3-6 libnet-dbus-perl libnet-http-perl libnet-ssleay-perl libobrender29 libobt2 libonig2 liboobs-1-5 libopenal1 libopts25 libots0 libpisock9 libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpostproc52 libresid-builder0c2a libschroedinger-1.0-0 libsidplay2 libsvga1 libswscale2 libtar0 libtie-ixhash-perl libtimedate-perl libts-0.0-0 libuniconf4.6 liburi-perl libva1 libvdpau1 libvpx1 libwebcam0 libwv-1.2-4 libwvstreams4.6-base libwvstreams4.6-extras libwww-perl libwww-robotrules-perl libxfce4ui-1-0 libxfce4util-bin libxfce4util-common libxfce4util4 libxfcegui4-4 libxfconf-0-2 libxml-parser-perl libxml-twig-perl libxml-xpath-perl libxss1 libxvidcore4 link-grammar-dictionaries-en lm-sensors lubuntu-artwork lubuntu-core lubuntu-default-settings lubuntu-desktop lubuntu-icon-theme lxappearance lxappearance-obconf lxde-common lxde-core lxdm lxinput lxkeymap lxlauncher lxmenu-data lxpanel lxpanel-indicator-applet-plugin lxrandr lxsession lxsession-edit lxshortcut lxtask lxterminal mplayer mtpaint ntp obconf openbox openbox-themes osmo pcmanfm pidgin pidgin-data pidgin-libnotify pidgin-microblog plymouth-theme-lubuntu-logo plymouth-theme-lubuntu-text scrot sylpheed sylpheed-doc sylpheed-i18n sylpheed-plugins synaptic system-tools-backends transmission tsconf ttf-lyx uvcdynctrl uvcdynctrl-data wvdial xfburn xfce-keyboard-shortcuts xfce4-power-manager xfce4-power-manager-data xfconf xfonts-100dpi xpad xscreensaver xscreensaver-data

If you still have the Lubuntu login screen, you should be able to fix that by doing this:

(source)

sudo apt-get install lightdm lightdm-greeter-example-gtk
sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm


Mplayer2 is mute, despite volume on the program and pulse being high

You are probably using the wrong -ao device with Mplayer2. Available devices can be found as follows:

andrew@ilium~$ mplayer -ao help
MPlayer SVN-r37594-5.3.0 (C) 2000-2016 MPlayer Team
Available audio output drivers:
    alsa    ALSA-0.9.x-1.x audio output
    esd EsounD audio output
    pulse   PulseAudio audio output
    sdl SDLlib audio output
    mpegpes DVB audio output
    v4l2    V4L2 MPEG Audio Decoder output
    null    Null audio output
    pcm RAW PCM/WAVE file writer audio output

(I am testing this with MPlayer rather than MPlayer2 but there should be no difference.) Then experiment with each output device until you find one that works. For example: to test alsa:

mplayer -ao alsa input.m4a

with input.m4a being replaced with your actual audio filename. If -ao alsa is successful place this value in your config file in ~/.mplayer/config:

ao=alsa

And then you should be good to go :)


Since we got no response here. Or anywhere else for that matter. We've discarded MaaS and Juju and gone for manually installing Openstack on our servers. A bug report have been sent for the lshw command so hopefully in the future this problem is fixed. But we don't have the timeframe to wait any longer.


Install node js 8.2.1 from source in Ubuntu 16.04

You can use nvm - node version manager:

curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.33.2/install.sh | bash
nvm install v8.2.1

Test with node -v :)


Install ligthdm after autoremove lightdm

You might try: sudo apt-get install lightdm-gtk-greeter
assuming you are using gnome, or mate.
You could try  sudo apt-get install lightdm-kde-greeter
if you are using kde.
if you are using unity, then try installing unity-greeter:
sudo apt-get install unity-greeter

if the appropriate version of any one of those is installed, but you still cannot login via the greeter, then shift to a terminal, (ctrl+alt+F6) and login via the terminal. Once you are logged in there, you might try giving the sudo lightdm command, and see what happens. If it works, or fails with errors. You might also try startx to see if your DE loads properly after you login via the terminal.


The message is saying that the game needs .net installed.
To make things much easier, you can use playonlinux to install the game.
Install playonlinux by sudo apt install playonlinux.
Then open the app and click "Install program". Add "Ragnarok" to the search field.
The game is supported. Follow the instructions. playonlinux should install all needed automatically.


Reducing brightness of large areas containing bright colours

super + n will toggle your browser to Negative so it looks surprisingly like a terminal

Hope this helps


It seems Ubuntu (or you if you used manual partition) messed up during partitioning and didn't set up a small (512MB) fat32 partition, which EFI needs, if you don't want to re-partition you can simply install plain old MBR and that's it.


Unknown filesystem as the Ubuntu partition uses EXT4. What you have to do is to delete the partitions and create new partitions in the Windows 7 installation menu. (Do not click upgrade, click custom). Windows will then format it in NTFS partition.

EDIT

As mentioned recently in the comments, he wants to dual-boot Windows 7 and Ubuntu. You can do that easily by installing Windows first in one partition with a space in the hard disk (about 250GB for a 500GB harddisk). Install Windows 7 on the NTFS partition first.

Next, after the Windows installation, boot Ubuntu from a Live USB and start the installation. The Ubuntu installation will prompt you and ask if you want to dual-boot Ubuntu alongside with Windows, select that. Let the installation complete. Make sure you install Ubuntu in an internal hard drive.

GRUB will automatically be installed and configured.


how to run npm build from bash script triggered by cronjob?

I updated my cronjob to:

* */12 * * * sudo -u user /var/www/project/run-build.sh >> /var/www/test.log 2>&1

and it now works. I'm sure I tried that before but I must have tried something different.


Error while installing Oracle 12c database on Ubuntu 16.04

The simple answer is to edit the lightdm.conf file

Do:

vim /etc/init/lightdm.conf

and add the lines

xserver-allow-tcp=true
xserver-command=X -listen tcp

Then reboot the system

The errors can now safely be ignored.


Ubuntu 14.04 will not Boot with AMD RadeonHD 7990 Card

Try using "nomodeset" in the boot loader

-Hold Left Shift during power on to get into GRUB
-Press 'e' to edit the boot command line
-Locate the Linux line that has other commands like quiet and nosplash
-Add "nomodeset" (w/out quotes) to the line (I usually place it after "quiet")
-Press F10 to boot
-Once logged in, install the proprietary driver

With add-in cards the other problem I have experienced before is Linux trying to use the wrong device, I don't remember the commands to resolve that though, it involved grep'ing the PCIe bus address of the card and editing a file somewhere to point the system to it.


The 'Videos' app which comes as part of Ubuntu should work. You could also try VLC Media Player?

And there seem to be quite a few more that I haven't needed to try out.


Ubuntu on Nexus 7 vs. Ubuntu on Galaxy Nexus

The release of Ubuntu for Nexus 7 is an exercise in helping shape up the Ubuntu experience for tablets - the purpose of releasing it to the public is to allow developers, testers and users to get to grips with it and provide feedback.

The development of Ubuntu for mobiles (http://www.ubuntu.com/devices/phone) is one which aims to provide, in future an OS for mobile phones that could either be available as the default operating system on a phone the day you buy it, or as a replacement OS for phones that allows such functionality, like the Galaxy Nexus.

The Ubuntu Mobile OS is still heavily in development and isn't ready to be shown or distributed publicly but it's also not a full deployment of 'Ubuntu' (as we know it today) either.

Hope that helps.


Suspend / Resume Broken in 16.04 With Unencrypted Drive

Workaround
I have found that I can work around the problem by enabling full disk encryption during the installation process. Im not sure why this is a workaround though. All I know is that I can reproduce the failure and the workaround works every time.