How to remove slightly modified duplicate images?

Compute the hash of each image without the metadata
If you are looking to identify images where the image data is identical but the metadata differs (rotation is usually noted just in the metadata), here is a script I have used in the past:
find -type f -a '(' \
        -iname '*.jpg' -o \
        -iname '*.jpeg' -o \
        -iname '*.mov' -o \
        -iname '*.mpg' -o \
        -iname '*.mpeg' -o \
        -iname '*.avi' \
    ')' -print0 |perl -n0e '
    my $f = $_;
    chomp($f);
    (my $fe = $f) =~ s|\x27|\x27\\\x27\x27|g;
    my $md5;
    if($f =~ m|\.[aA][vV][iI]$| or $f =~ m|\.[mM][pP][gG]$|) {
      $md5 = `cat \x27$fe\x27 |md5sum`;
    } else {
      $md5 = `exiftool \x27$fe\x27 -all= -o - |md5sum`;
    }
    chomp($md5); $md5 =~ s| +-\n||;
    print("$md5 $f\n");
' |tee photo-signatures.txt

The above computes the MD5 hash of the image data of all photos and videos in the current directory and subdirectories.  To see duplicates, run:
cat photo-signatures.txt |sort |uniq --check-chars=32 --all-repeated

To see what duplicate photos will get deleted duplicates, run:
cat photo-signatures.txt |sort |uniq --check-chars=32 --all-repeated=prepend |sed -e '/^$/,+1d' |grep -Po '^.{33}\K.*'

Finally, to actually delete the photos listed by the above command, run it again with  |xargs -d '\n' rm at the end.
Explanations of what the above commands do

the -print0 of find and -0 of perl use \x00 rather than \n to split records
find ... -print0: find all files with any of the given extensions, case insensitive
perl -n0e ...: Perl script, process one file at a time

(my $fe = $f) =~ s|\x27|\x27\\\x27\x27|g;: single quotes become '\'' (Bash escape)
$md5 = `cat \x27$fe\x27 |md5sum`;: for video files (no metadata support in exiftool), compute MD5 hash of entire file
$md5 = `exiftool \x27$fe\x27 -all= -o - |md5sum`;: call exiftool to strip all photo metadata and output to stdout; compute MD5 hash
chomp($md5); $md5 =~ s| +-\n||;: remove the   - that md5sum puts at the end of each line when it's input is stdin
print("$md5 $f\n");: output the MD5 hash and filename

|tee photo-signatures.txt: save the results to a file and also display them
cat photo-signatures.txt |sort |uniq --check-chars=32 --all-repeated: output lines of which there is more than one (--all-repeated), but only comparing the MD5 hash part of each line (--check-chars=32)
cat photo-signatures.txt |sort |uniq --check-chars=32 --all-repeated=prepend |sed -e '/^$/,+1d' |grep -Po '^.{33}\K.*': same as above but add a blank line before each group of identical MD5 hashes (--all-repeated=prepend), then use sed to delete these blank lines and the first line after it (i.e. the file we're keeping), and finally grep to keep only the filename portion of each line
|xargs -d '\n' rm: remove each file read from stdin


Installed Ubuntu 11.10, and networking constantly fails

I googled the problem as Yongchao describe it and found these instructions.  However, the RTL8168B driver from Realtek is only for linux 2.6, and would require a patch for linux 3.0 (which ships with Oneiric).

However, the same search pulled up this bug report, which suggested installing the following "backport" module to update the r8169 driver to work correctly.  My steps were as follows:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:leannogasawara/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-backports-modules-net-`uname -r`

And then reboot.

Once the machine rebooted, the internet poured in like liquid gold.  Thanks to Yongchao Liu for pointing me in the right direction!


Ufw don't working ERROR: not enough args

It's true, ufw always has to have a command below either enable, disable, status etc.
 Now I reply:

Previously I uninstalled them with:

$ sudo apt-get remove ufw gufw (which did not solve the issue)

But now I'm have solved it in the following way:

$ sudo apt-get purge ufw gufw

I have uninstalled them with the purge command, which according to I saw clean the configurations.

Then I reinstalled them:

$ sudo apt-get install ufw gufw

done !!! it's working again

Thanks a lot


Failed 12.04 installation on W7 Machine, how do I resolve this?

If you have DVD or USB for installation then try to reinstall ubuntu form windows wubi installer and when PC is restart , select ubuntu and it will take approx 1/2 hours for complete installation and disconnect the internet.

If you are installing using powere iso or other disk image, then make it bootable at startup.

** " your installation DVD/USB should not have any error or missing files"


Is it possible to filter all graphical applications to install or remove them using some graphical software manager?

After some searching I have found the Apper application which has the needed options.
Use the following sequence:

Open Apper

In the Lists section select Installed Software

In the right open Filters drop-down check the Only Show Applications option

Enjoy the list of graphical applications

Choose applications to remove by pressing Remove button in the Actions column

Click Apply to simulate the removal, carefully review the list of deb-package names and if you are sure, then proceed with next step

Finally click Continue to start real removal process of related deb-packages

Notes:

some applications are not shown in the above list, but their quantity is small.
to install the graphical application one can use the Filters → Installed → Only available with checked Only Show Applications.
to search for graphical application by its description one should select Find by description in the right of text field and then use the Filters → Installed → Only available with checked Only Show Applications.


I used MaaS 2.3.x and bootx64.efi. This works for me.

If you were interesting what the resource are available to use, you may refer to the files provided by the package maas-rack-controller, e.g. checking the files under /var/lib/maas/boot-resources of your MaaS server.


Failed to install Locustio on Ubuntu 18.04

I had the same problem, and think it more has to do with how you run the program on Ubuntu. There is probably a way to add it to the path but I don't know how.

Try python3 -m locust.main ... and see if that helps at all. It worked for me.


I don't think that this is a shell issue. However, I do see that other people have this problem as well -- there is even a bug report on that. Apparently, the files end up in /usr/lib and when ldconfig tries to process them, it naturally fails. However, since that is only a warning, maybe you should not worry about it? Alternatively, you could try to move them to temporary location somewhere and see where it gets you.

Try figuring out to which package this file belongs (for example with apt-file search "libisl.so.10.1.1-gdb.py"; I think it might be libisl8-dbg -- do you need this package?), and check whether the package itself (or packages that depend on that package) run w/o problems. Unfortunately, you did not mention which Ubuntu version you are using.


Does Samsung SL-M2070 work with ubuntu 14.04?

I bought the device. I can confirm that it fully works with ubuntu 14.04. I installed the driver from Samsung's website. Scanning is OK with ubuntu's default scanner software, so is printing. This is a good budget device.


Do you have a GUI desktop environment installed? You should be able to run /usr/share/system-config-printer/system-config-printer.py and enable sharing connected printers, then on other computers enable show shared printers.


Command to open 68 MB pdf file uses all system resources and fails, but it works on other files

LibreOffice Writer (or really Draw in this case) is not a PDF viewer. But it can edit PDFs. So it may be absolutely expected that it requires many resources to render/convert PDF with many schemes and graphics.

Use PDF viewer instead:

Atril (default in MATE);
Evince (default in GNOME);
Okular (default in KDE);
etc.


Missing Dropbox indicator-applet icon, how do I get it back?

From what I can gather the icons are in /usr/share/icons/[theme]/[resolution]/apps/dropbox.png.

You can confirm that you have them in that location by running find /usr/share/icons/ -name 'dropbox.png'.

If they are missing on your machine and present on your laptop, then you can just copy them over and that could just fix it.

* update *
The status icons are in
/usr/share/icons/[theme]/status/[resolution]/

The names of the default status icons are

dropboxstatus-busy.png
dropboxstatus-blank.png
dropboxstatus-busy2.png
dropboxstatus-logo.png
dropboxstatus-idle.png
dropboxstatus-x.png

I hope that helps you narrow down the search.


Unity, VMWare Workstation and the Super (Windows) key

Copying out @Chris Morgan's comment as an answer to get this off the unanswered list.  @ntherning already posted a workaround in his question.

A couple of bug reports to get you started:

http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/natty/+source/unity/+bug/704231 (claimed fixed?)
http://bugs.launchpad.net/unity/+bug/806255


Thanks to the comment of @DK Bose, I got it working:

Instead of using ffmpeg -i file.mp3 -vn -acodec copy -ss 00:03:21 -t 00:08:26 02-track2.mp3

I needed to say what the duration of the file must be. So from 00:03:21 to 00:08:26 is 00:05:05 minutes and the command should look like ffmpeg -i file.mp3 -vn -acodec copy -ss 00:03:21 -t 00:05:05 02-track2.mp3

Then I get an audio file with the duration of 05:05 minutes.

Another possibility (with recent ffmpeg versions) is using the -to parameter like this: ffmpeg -i file.mp3 -vn -acodec copy -ss 00:03:21 -to 00:08:26 02-track2.mp3


The following command does not work on newer distributions (as the reply is ERROR: the reset option is now deprecated).

For 12.04 and older

The simplest way is to hit "open a Terminal" or hit Alt-F2 and run the command:

unity --reset


How do I uninstall Vivado on Ubuntu 19.04?

Vivado is looking for a specific library called libtinfo.so.5.  The package can be found in Ubuntu repositories at packages.ubuntu.com.

The so.5 indicates this is the 5th version of the libtinfo library.  This version might not be installed on your system. libdri_commontask.so needs this library to be installed in a specific place.

I had the same issue on Ubuntu 19.04 trying to use Vivado 2019.1 SDK.  I got it working by running the following commands in a terminal:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install libtinfo-dev
sudo ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.6 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.5


When I launch an app, the focus doesn't move to the opened app

You can configure it with CompizConfig-Settings-Manager.

1) Install it: sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager,

2) Open ccsm (Alt + F2 and type ccsm and hit Enter)

3) Go to "General Options" > "Focus & Raise Behaviour" and set "Focus Prevention Level" to "Off".

4) Enjoy ;-)

If you are feeling lazy, just paste this at terminal and you're done:

gconftool-2  --type=Integer --set /apps/compiz-1/general/screen0/options/focus_prevention_level 0


Can't remove Ubuntu Desktop from dropdown menu on logon screen

You can edit the list by editing the files located at /usr/share/xsessions, i don't know exactly what package sets up the Ubuntu Desktop entry, but i guess that you can backup the Ubuntu Desktop Edition file and delete it. Just run the following command:

sudo cp "/usr/share/xsessions/Ubuntu Desktop Edition" /home/$USER/ubuntu-desktop-entry.backup && sudo rm "/usr/share/xsessions/Ubuntu Desktop Edition"


No analog audio output, only digital output available

Maybe you have to modify the archive /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf and add a line like this:

options snd-hda-intel model=XXX

where XXX depends on your computer model.

xxx


From OSX to Ubuntu: I need help on common shortcuts

You can press and hold 'Super' (like CMD) key and see hints for keyboard shortcuts.


For gnuplot, do you have universe repository enabled? Should be there:

[romano:~] % apt-cache policy gnuplot-x11
gnuplot-x11:
  Installed: 4.6.4-2
  Candidate: 4.6.4-2
  Version table:
 *** 4.6.4-2 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

gfortran, instead, is in main; should be installed without any problem:

[romano:~] % apt-cache policy gfortran
gfortran:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6
  Version table:
     4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages

...so please edit your question to report the exact errors you have.


Unable to create partition in 32GB sd card due to problem in Partition Table?

Well I suggest use fdisk again for making partition and then mkfs for making file system . About lable problem I can say that If your partition will going to be a Linux partition so e2lable or tune2fs -L commands can help you change partition label .
for making partition flow these steps :

$ fdisk /dev/sdb
then press p for list partition . Then n , p , sector , size . Then press p again if you can see your partition or not . Then use t for changing partition type ( Ext , NTFS , ... ) . Press w to write with ioctl .
$ mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 which make file system on your partition . ( Replace ext3 with any partition type you made ) .

Then you can add partition label with e2label command . see man e2label .


Why programs such as Firefox no longer are linked with master sound volume?

I fixed this solution by opening sound settings and select my headset device (for some reason it got deselected). And now master volume affects all programs.


Transmission torrent client hangs up after upgrade

You could try reinstalling the Transmission packages you have installed:

dpkg -l | grep "ii  transmission" | sed -e 's/ii  //g' -e 's/ .*$//g' | xargs sudo apt-get install --reinstall

Command description: dpkg -l lists all the installed packages and sends the output to grep, which searches the list for transmission. sed then parses that and removes the description, package version, etc. so only the package name is shown. apt-get then reinstalls those packages.


The most convenient way is probably to use a PPA.

I'm using the WebUpd8 PPA (https://launchpad.net/~webupd8team/+archive/ubuntu/java).

It installs the VMs under /usr/lib/jvm, and symlinks the java executable via /etc/alternatives.

/usr/bin/java -> /etc/alternatives/java
/etc/alternatives/java -> /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle/jre/bin/java

The versions you have on your system appear to be put there by a printer driver from Star?


What to do with the config files in home partition?

You can delete files and folders inside ~/.config folder.

This folder generally stores user specific settings. Deleting this folder will not cause any severe  harm except it will  reset all your preference
.


run ubuntu on minimal resources (run terminal only)

You seem strangely averse to just installing Ubuntu Server. That would be the easiest solution to get you a headless-style system.

Other than that you just remove the desktop elements.

sudo apt-get remove xserver-common lightdm
sudo apt-get autoremove

That will delete most graphical packages but there'll likely be rubbish laying around. It shouldn't cause any problems but it won't be as slim as a clean server install.

Or If you still sometimes want the desktop, you could "break" lightdm to stop it loading by running sudoedit /etc/init/lightdm.conf and comment out the start on stanza (it's split over multiple lines so comment them all out).

Then in the future you could start a graphical session by running sudo start lightdm.

But honestly, the reason people are suggesting Ubuntu Server is because it's the easiest route to success.


If you game and do a lot of graphical tasks, it's not a good idea to upgrade.

16.04 (and any version of Linux using the latest Xorg version) doesn't support fglrx, the proprietary AMD graphics driver for Linux. There are open source drivers, but they don't provide the same performance.

Now, people have reported both ends of performance, good and bad, with the open source drivers on 16.04, but for intense gaming, performance won't be great. There is the new AMDGPU-PRO driver, which does support 16.04, but, as you can see on that page, it doesn't have much compatibility, and it isn't compatible with your card.

So, in regards to graphical performance under intense situations (Unity game development counts I think), no, you should not upgrade to 16.04, at least if you want to continue developing without issues.


I by mistake deleted usr/share/java in ubuntu16..04. How to fix it?

If you had (parts of) a Java installation at /usr/share/java* that means you installed Java through the package manager. There are a few independent Java packages available in Ubuntu and I don't know which one(s) you installed because you don't tell us. However you can reinstall any package with

sudo apt install --reinstall <PACKAGE...>

to restore missing or corrupted files.

You can find out which files of all installed packages ought to reside in /usr/share/java and their respective packages with:

dpkg-query -S /usr/share/java

You can even use the result of that command to install all of the listed packages right away:

dpkg-query -S /usr/share/java | sed -e 's/:.*$//;s/, /\n/g' | xargs -rd '\n' -- sudo apt install --reinstall


How do I highlight my mouse pointer while screen recording?

There is no large, colored, or animated mouse cursor by default.

To show the mouse position there is a gsetting key to allow showing the cursor position with orange circles upon pressing and releasing the Ctrl key:

The key is located in org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse accessible through dconf-editor as shown above or in a terminal with

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse locate-pointer true


sudo not asking for password of correct user

That is not how sudo works.  sudo asks for the users password and then checks if this user is a sudo user.

Options:

If you want the 2nd user to be able to do admin tasks you need to add that user to the sudo group. See: How do I add a user to the "sudo" group?
What you also can do (and probably are asking) is to use su 1st.

Let's assume rinzwind is your sudo account. If you do

su rinzwind

and enter rinzwind's password you can then do

sudo {command you need sudo access for}

and it will ask for rinzwind's password for access to admin only things. 2 times exit and you are back on userlevel.


From the results of apt-cache show ghc :

The Glasgow Haskell Compilation system (GHC) is a compiler for Haskell.

To install ghc open the terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install ghc

Create an example Haskell source file, example.hs, containing: main = putStrLn "Hello, World!" To compile example.hs change directories using cd to the directory containing example.hs and type:

ghc -o example example.hs

To run the executable:

./example


Boot-repair in Win8.1/Ubuntu not working (Loads windows with no GRUB)

So when I Shift + Reboot on Windows it shows the menu for "Use a Device" and from there I could choose the Ubuntu partition and after the reboot it loads GRUB.

So I started reading other questions/answers and I found a very long answer with different scenarios, I already tried most but not tinkering with the BIOS...

So I entered my BIOS and in the boot section I had this list:

USB Drive:
Windows Boot Loader
HDD:
to 8 many more...

So I give it a try; it's logical I think, that the HDD should be first. So:

USB Drive:
HDD:
Many more...
Windows Boot Loader

And that was it!!! Now it boots with GRUB2!


'Samba' no longer working with Ubuntu 16.04 & Windows 10

Answered here.

Creating a new samba user solved the problem.


Remastersys is a free and open source program for Debian, Ubuntu-based, or derivative software systems that can:

Create a customized Live CD/DVD (a remaster) of Debian and its derivatives.
Back up an entire system, including user data, to an installable Live CD/DVD.


Short answer

This is not possible, but set home to /test1 as a workaround.

Long answer

openssh requires that the ChrootDirectory and all path components leading to it are root owned and not writable by anyone else. This is a security measure to ensure the ChrootDirectory can't be maliciously manipulated and e.g. replaced by a symlink to somewhere completely else. If the ChrootDirectory or any of its parent directories are not owned by root or are group or world writable, sshd refuses login. If this happens, you see something like this in /var/log/auth.log:

Jun 10 07:54:01 ubuntu-bionic sshd[2251]: fatal: bad ownership or modes for chroot directory "/var/base/test1"
Jun 10 07:54:01 ubuntu-bionic sshd[2173]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session closed for user test1

The error message should point you in the right direction.

This is also explicitly stated on the sshd_config man page:

  ChrootDirectory
  Specifies the pathname of a directory to chroot(2) to after
  authentication.  At session startup sshd(8) checks that all
  components of the pathname are root-owned directories which are
  not writable by any other user or group. After the chroot,
  sshd(8) changes the working directory to the user's home
  directory. [...]

  For safety, it is very important that the directory hierarchy be
  prevented from modification by other processes on the system
  (especially those outside the jail).  Misconfiguration can lead
  to unsafe environments which sshd(8) cannot detect.

Workaround

You can, however, set the home directory of the user to /test1 (sudo usermod test1 -d /test1), that way after the chroot is applied the directory is changed to /var/base/test1/test1. That way the user doesn't need to change to test1 but starts his sftp session already in that directory.

$ sftp -P 2222 test1@localhost
test1@localhost's password:
Connected to localhost.
sftp> pwd
Remote working directory: /test1


powernow-k8: Hardware error - pending bit very stuck

Welcome you here! Hibernation/Suspend has been disabled on Ubuntu 12.04 by default. You can enable it by this way if you prefer.


Ubuntu on MSI GE72 6QD freezes except in recovery mode

Edit your boot option and pass "nouveau.blacklist=1 nomodeset" as kernel option.  This would allow Ubuntu 15.10 to boot using the Intel graphics card.

You may then make this kernel argument permanent by editing /etc/default/grub, where you should change the line:-

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="nouveau.blacklist=1 quiet splash nomodeset"

Then run

sudo update-grub2

to make the change permanent.  So far, none of the nvidia drivers are working in GE72 6QD.  I have even tried using 361.XX drivers, while the latest stable version is 352.XX.


How to deploy Openstack HA with services inside lxcs?

When using --to, you can't specify -n, sorry. You have to run the command once for each unit, like in a for loop.


Disable default installation of LXD with Ubuntu Server 16.04

lxd is recommended by ubuntu-server

root@c7:~# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
Release:    16.04
Codename:   xenial

root@c7:~# apt-cache depends ubuntu-server|grep lxd
  Recommends: lxd

root@c7:~# apt-cache depends ubuntu-server|grep Recommends
  Recommends: lxd
  Recommends: snapd

You can use

apt install --no-install-recommends ubuntu-server

to avoid installing lxd and snapd or

apt remove --purge lxd snapd

to remove these without removing ubuntu-server

root@c7:~# apt remove --purge lxd snapd
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  lxd* snapd*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 2 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
After this operation, 37.4 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
(Reading database ... 25405 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing lxd (2.0.0-0ubuntu4) ...
Warning: Stopping lxd.service, but it can still be activated by:
  lxd.socket
Purging configuration files for lxd (2.0.0-0ubuntu4) ...
Failed to stop lxd.service: Unit lxd.service not loaded.
dpkg: warning: while removing lxd, directory '/var/lib/lxd' not empty so not removed
Removing snapd (2.0.3) ...
Purging configuration files for snapd (2.0.3) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...


How to set up desktop shortcuts in KDE to run terminal commands?

To configure KDE desktop shortcut to run specific command, you have to link the full path of the application.

i.e. use Exec=/home/(user)/Desktop/spy.sh instead of Exec=/Desktop/spy.sh (Because if you type /Desktop/spy.sh the system will actually find files from / --> /Desktop, which this folder will probably never exist.)

And for runing Spyder, follow dessert's answer.

Also, make sure spy.sh is executable, or else Permission denied will appear.


Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS on Lenovo yoga 530 ryzen 5

[This should really be a comment.. but I dont have the privlieges]

1) Did you disable secure boot? Go to your BIOS and disable it.

2) Did your correctly flash the iso file to your flash drive? (Rufus or Balena Etcher recommended)

3) When you have plugged the flashed flash drive in, enter the BIOS and make sure you are booting from the flash drive and not your laptop's internal storage. If you boot from your internal storage, you will always boot into the default OS (Probably windows 10 for you). Change the default bootable device in the BIOS to your flashdrive.


I believe Teamspeak uses ALSA by default. try switching to pulseaudio. Should resolve it.

If no audio on your system is working. try the following...

Check under sound setting/hardware.( you can search in unity and gnome for "Sound")
 if your rig has multiple choices, make sure you have the correct one selected.

Also, if this is a dual boot system. log back into other OS and use the keyboard Hot keys to make sure it's un-muted. ( I had this issue. apparently my card was muted in the hardware not software side. )

reboot into 12.04 and see if that changed it. :)

Also you could try checking opening terminal (ctrl+Alt+T) or search terminal in the gui.
once in terminal type: alsamixer
make sure all the bars are green. if any are not. navigate to them with the arrow keys and press "M" to toggle mute on/Off

I hope you figure it out. good luck.


The first has been tested and so is probably most stable.


Why audio sent by A2DP might not be audible on Ubuntu 16.04?

bluez-utils is currently listed as a transitional package for trusty (14.04) and is currently unavailable for Xenial (16.04). Research indicates that the package you need for Xenial is bluez-tools.

One gotcha is that bluez-tools post v0.2 uses bluez-5.20 API.
Due to the removal of DiscoverServices in the BlueZ 5 device API, bt-device requires `sdptool' (included in bluez-utils for 14.04) for service discovery.

A quick search indicates that sdptool can now be found in the bluez package. This package appears to be required for sdptool based on the error message:

  Failed to start SDP discovery. Please make sure you have bluez-utils installed on your system.

My approach would be as follows:

1) Enable the universe repository

2) install necessary packages

  sudo apt install bluez bluez-tools

Note: bluez is installed by default if I'm not mistaken, so you might need to

  sudo apt-get install --reinstall bluez

3) It's entirely feasible that you may also require D-Bus service for OBEX client and server side functionality

  sudo apt install obex-data-server

Sources:

The error message in your question

https://packages.ubuntu.com/

https://github.com/khvzak/bluez-tools

https://www.synopsys.com/software-integrity/security-testing/fuzz-testing/defensics/protocols/bt-obexs.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OBject_EXchange


In a .desktop file, what is the "%U" variable?

When the program is launched the file manager or program launcher will expand the %u with a single URL or file path of the thing you are trying to open.
See the Freedesktop.org Desktop Entry Specification for other codes that you can use in a .desktop file.


Well, apparently it was in an interruptible state. When I disconnected one of the external backup discs, after a hunch that it was holding up the grub build, the system hung solidly. I rebooted and all appears to be well. I don't know how to proceed if offered a partial upgrade again. I am running disc diagnostics now.
Ran software-updater and chose "Continue" instead of partial upgrade. It said the software index was broken and to run apt-get install -f. After doing that and running software-updater the updates ran normally and it then said my computer was up to date.


Dash does not show applications available for installation

This is the correct behaviour! May be you browsed the lens using the buttons given on the bottom and then clicked on Applications lens(the second one from left) and then asked some application to be installed(?).


Moving swap partition to External USB HD drive (not flash drive)

Disabling the "USB legacy support" in the BIOS solved the issue.


Why is my Lubuntu desktop environment changed to LXQt after upgrading from 18.04 to 18.10?

Lubuntu's move to LXQt has been well-publicised. See the lead developer's post here from July 2018.

  For the forseeable future, here are our core goals:

  Lubuntu will leverage modern, Qt-based technologies and programs to give users a functional yet modular experience.
  In collaboration with others, Lubuntu will continue to be a transparent and open distribution which makes it a priority to keep the community informed about the development when possible.
  Lubuntu will create and maintain complete documentation which will be included by default in the operating system, and can guide anyone from beginner to expert on how to use Lubuntu to its full potential and contribute to the further development of it.
  Lubuntu will keep a light experience by default but enable users to utilize more heavy and featureful components as desired.
  Lubuntu will have the ability to be used in any language across the world, and enable contributors to easily translate all components of the operating system.

In any case, Lubuntu 18.04 LTS will be supported until April 2021.

More, older reading:

From May 2018: https://news.softpedia.com/news/hands-on-with-first-lubuntu-18-10-build-featuring-the-lxqt-desktop-by-default-521200.shtml


USB Antenna Not Working on Dell Optiplex 760 Desktop?

I have the 4.2.2 package downloaded on my 18.04 system. It will not 'make' without errors. I feel confident that you then tried the 5 version instead and it also didn't build properly for the same reasons. Let's clean them out:

sudo dkms remove rtl8812au/5.2.9 --all
sudo rm /usr/src/rtl8812au-5.2.9
sudo dkms remove rtl8812au/4.2.2 --all
sudo rm /usr/src/rtl8812au-4.2.2

There is an rtl8812au-dkms package available in the official Ubuntu repositories. It installs without error for me in 18.04. I suggest that you try:

sudo apt install rtl8812au-dkms

Reboot.

EDIT: We see from your modinfo that the installed version doesn’t actually cover your 0bda:a811 device. Let’s remove it and try a different driver file:

sudo apt purge rtl8812au-dkms
sudo apt install git
git clone https://github.com/abperiasamy/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux.git
cd rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux
sudo make -f Makefile.dkms install
sudo modprobe rtl8812au

This driver clearly covers your device:

modinfo rtl8812au | grep A811

alias:          usb:v0BDApA811d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip*in*
alias:          usb:v0BDApA811d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip*in*
alias:          usb:v7392pA811d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip*in*

You should be all set.


Are you using the proprietary nvidia drivers (otherwise CUDA doesn't work anyway, I think)? If so, you can run the nvidia-smi command in a terminal:

nvidia-smi -a

This gives you – among other infos – the GPU utilization in %.


I am having trouble installing an internal wifi card.

With a temporary internet connection by ethernet, tethered or whatever means possible, open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

Reboot.


Can't use Zyxel Wifi dongle with ubuntu 13.10

I gave up yesterday and bought a Edimax EW-7711UAn. Works perfectly out-of-the-box !


Unity cropping external monitor: how do I fix it?

See HDMI/VGA connection cuts borders of screen or creates blurry text (and also Edges of screen cut off in Ubuntu 12.04):

  NOTE (Comment made by User James -
  https://askubuntu.com/users/39762/james): For some Samsung LCD TVs.
  Using the TV Remote Control go to Options -> Picture Options and set
  the Picture Option to "Fit to Screen".

Hope this helps.


How do you enable wobbly windows in ubuntu 11.04 without using compiz?

You apparently can enable this feature by installing Ubuntu Tweak and going under Desktop > Compiz Settings > Enable wobbly windows, no CCSM required. You can download an appropriate .deb for Ubuntu Tweak from this Launchpad page (I'd recommend getting the latest Natty .deb, which currently looks like ubuntu-tweak_0.5.14-1~natty1_all.deb).

Note: I have not tried this solution myself; it may or may not mess Unity up, though I'd assume that if the option is available in 11.04's version of Ubuntu Tweak then it was at least lightly tested to work. I discovered this solution from a screenshot on this blog post.


How do I install Python 3.6 using apt-get?

Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty) and 16.04 (Xenial)

If you are using Ubuntu 14.04 or 16.04, you can use Felix Krull's deadsnakes PPA at https://launchpad.net/~deadsnakes/+archive/ubuntu/ppa:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python3.6

J Fernyhough's PPA (at https://launchpad.net/~jonathonf/+archive/ubuntu/python-3.6) used to be an alternative option, but he has shut it down to protest against (ab)use.

Ubuntu 16.10 and 17.04

If you are using Ubuntu 16.10 or 17.04, then Python 3.6 is in the universe repository, so you can just run:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python3.6

After installation for Ubuntu 14.04, 16.04, 16.10 and 17.04

To invoke the Python 3.6 interpreter, run python3.6.

Ubuntu 17.10, 18.04 (Bionic) and onwards

Ubuntu 17.10 and 18.04 already come with Python 3.6 as default. Just run python3 to invoke it.


Can I remove the gwibber packages without removing ubuntu-desktop?

To remove gwibber you just have to use this code on the terminal (ctrl + alt + t)

sudo apt-get purge gwibber.*


Ubuntu 17.10 on Thinkpad Yoga won't sleep

I had the same problem with my Lenovo Yoga Thinkpad. I used your solution and simply created script in init.d:

#!/bin/sh
# Disable XHC wake
#
  case "$1" in
  start)    sudo sh -c "echo XHC > /proc/acpi/wakeup"
            ;;
  stop) sudo sh -c "echo XHC > /proc/acpi/wakeup"
        ;;
  esac
exit 0

Then link to rc5.d.
Maybe not the smartest solution, but worked for me.


xml: copy string of text from one element to another?

An alternative way with python and ElementTree:

from __future__ import print_function
import sys
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

def main():
  if len(sys.argv) < 3:
    print("usage:", sys.argv[0], "input", "output")
    sys.exit(1)
  tree = ET.parse(sys.argv[1])
  root = tree.getroot();
  src = root.find(".//*[@name='scc_title']")
  dst = root.find(".//*[@name='scc_comments']")
  if src is not None and dst is not None:
    dst.text += src.text
    tree.write(sys.argv[2])
  else:
    if src is None:
      print("Failed to find 'scc_title' attribute", file=sys.stderr)
    if dst is None:
      print("Failed to find 'scc_comments' attribute", file=sys.stderr)
    sys.exit(1)

if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()


The same issue for me.
I fixed it by disabling Dash to Panel extension and re-enabled multiple workspaces.


changed /etc permission in oneiric (ubuntu11.10) by using "sudo chmod 665 /etc" cant use sudo now

Boot the recovery console option.
Select remount read-write
Select root shell

cd /
chmod 755 etc <--to get it back to default
sync
init 6


desktop interface broken after recent update of 16.04

Taken from another thread, but my comments are below ....

My desktop was blank when I booted up Ubuntu 16.04 tonight. Wasn't sure what to do so right clicked and opened a terminal window from where I was able to follow the above two commands which appear to have fixed the problem. Thanks, much appreciated.

Just to repeat them from above .....

mv ~/.cache/compizconfig-1 ~/.cache/compizconfig-backup

setsid unity


A first thing to try is to reset the vlc configuration files to their defaults by running the following from a Terminal window:

vlc --reset-config --reset-plugins-cache

This might be enough to get vlc running again...


DigitalOcean droplet root password not accepted for client, but works for console

Try this out:

Reset Password

Go to the control panel of your droplet and select "Access -> Reset Root Password". As the page says "This will shut down your droplet and a new root password will be set and emailed to you." Then ssh to root@ip with the new password.  And don't forget to change it right away, as passwords sent via email cannot be considered to be secure.

Possible Messsage

If you receive a message about losing your work don't worry. You will not lose any work if you power off your droplet.

Allowing jeitnier

When you edited /etc/ssh/sshd_config, did you execute visudo and add jeitnier ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL under the # User privilege specification?  Also, make sure that you added AllowUsers jeitnier to the bottom of /etc/ssh/sshd_config.

If No Access Still (use only)

If there is still no access, add the root user to the AllowUsers line.


install/remove list of packages from command line with apt-get

Like so...

sudo apt-get remove $(cat packages.txt)

But how do you determine if any of the packages in the file was not already installed on the system or added later from another bit of software? Removing it might break other programs ;) You probably need to remove them one at the time and also check if you can delete them without un-installing any other program.


Schedule shell script to display output in terminal

Yes, what you are asking is possible. If this is your crontab command:

* 10 * * * * doCommand

* 10 * * * * gnome-terminal -e doCommand

However, when the command finishes, the terminal will close. I think you need to create a log - rather than show the output in the terminal, redirect it to a file.

Original command output:

$ echo "This is the Command Output"
This is the Command Output

Redirecting to file:

$ echo "This is the Command Output" >> /home/USERNAME/filename.log
$ cat /home/USERNAME/filename.log
This is the Command Output

Of course your command wouldn't be the echo command - I'm guessing it would be a compressing command like tar.


Ethernet (LAN) not working, 16.04, "RX TX dropped overruns collisions" keep increasing

the solution here was simple, detect the kernel module with
lspci -k |grep ether -i -C 5
then I just needed to
rmmod atl1c
wait a bit
modprobe atl1c
and the LAN ethernet was working perfectly thru crossover cable.
PS.: the MII module seems unnecessary with Atheros


Is Flash Player 25 update (adobe-flashplugin) being late?

Flash Player 25 is still in Beta. If you are in a hurry, you can obtain it here. Beta software is software that is still undergoing testing and hasn't been officially released. Personally I wouldn't expect anything from the repositories until after beta testing is complete. You can obtain the notes regarding Air and FP 25 here.


Information on package versions from old releases?

If you have the Packages files from old-releases.ubuntu.com, you can use madison-lite to query them, much as you would use rmadison to query the archive Packages files remotely.

To set this up, mirror http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/*/*/binary-*/* with your favourite mirroring tool.  If you also want information about sources, also mirror http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/*/*/source

Then set up a configuration file, for example:

mirror /srv/mirror/old-releases/

If you add nothing else to the configuration, it will tell you about every architecture for every release.

To keep this up-to-date, you probably want to have a cron job that updates it somewhere in the beginning of December and June (because sometimes the migration of a release takes a little while).


Nvidia drivers causes Ubuntu 19.04 to hang after GRUB startup

After spending most of the day rebooting editing GRUB and reinstalling NVIDIA many times, I found an answer that worked for Ubuntu 18.10, solution found at Ubuntu 18.10: Installing nvidia drivers leads to black screen after GRUB.


System periodically stalls for less then 1s then resumes normally

If you're ok with building a kernel from source, there are some options in the kernel config, which may affect latency and apparent responsiveness in the running machine.

For instance, in the build configuration for the kernel on my laptop, I use:

CONFIG_PREEMPT=y
CONFIG_HZ_1000=y
CONFIG_HZ=1000

That seems to result in suitable responsiveness, for desktop use.

Of course, the reader unfamiliar with kernel building might want to consult some documentation about the process. There appear to be a number of "Howto" type documents about building a custom kernel on Ubuntu. Here's a straightforward one featuring make menuconfig. Granted, it doesn't mention the linux-tools package and related packages, but it does get to the point of how to build a kernel from source.

Here's a more expansive tutorial, featuring a direct pull from the Kernel's Git repository. GIYF. HTH. Cheers.


Why does Ubuntu Download recommend 32-bit install?

This is actually just a mis-wording of sorts. According to LaunchPad Bug #585940 It's meant to convey that typical desktops are 32-bit whereas more recent desktops are 64-bit. Since the 32bit install will always work on both 32bit and 64bit machines it remains "recommended."


I can't install Ubuntu because of a problem related to partition alignment

Here is how the problem was solved:

I first created a partition of 100 MB and the rest of the space... I used it as / (root) and later it appeared the same warning.
Then I created an additional partition of 50 MB and I did the next same step said above, but I noted that the offset bytes number in the warning message were decreasing in MB. Then I likewise were decreasing the MB number of the future additional partitions in half.
So at the end, when I finally created the last additional partition of 25 MB... Success... It finally let me install Ubuntu on my new HDD.

So I ended up having 4 partitions in total.


GRUB: “invalid arch independent ELF magic” - usr/sbin/grub-bios-setup: Not found

If `grub-bios-setup' is not found, you probably have a EFI mode installation of Ubuntu.

[ -d /sys/firmware/efi ] && echo "Installed in EFI mode" || echo "Installed in Legacy mode"

If this is not the case, something went really bad during installation. You can try using boot-repair to fix your problem.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)


Encrypted Home… Forgotten password, but I have the Passphrase

You can try the following:

boot the pc with a live-cd or live-usb
mount the filesystem you lost the password from and chroot into it. from a terminal:

cd /media
mkdir tmp
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /media/tmp
sudo chroot /media/tmp /bin/bash

/dev/sda1 is an example. change it to where your file system is if necessary.
now reset the password from the user you lost the password from

sudo passwd username

unmount

sudo umount /media/tmp

Hope this helps.


How to resolve a missing libproxy1 dependency on Wily

The package libproxy1 isn't libproxy1v5. The problem, libproxy1 was replaced in Wily with libproxy1v5. But you can install the Trusty libproxy1 in parallel. Open a terminal and run:

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/libp/libproxy/libproxy1_0.4.11-0ubuntu4_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libproxy1_0.4.11-0ubuntu4_amd64.deb

Unusual, but also possible to get updates for this package, add the Trusty (LTS) repository to your sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main


Seems every year or so my touch-pad acceleration turns itself on again on Ubuntu. This year the workaround was as follows:

Install some new software:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-libinput libinput-tools

Display properties:

xinput list-props 12

Reduce sensitivity:

xinput set-prop 12 141 0.800000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.800000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.800000

Disable finger scrolling:

xinput set-prop 12 286 0, 0, 0

I should add you need to put these commands in ~/.profile to have them on by deFault. Also the "magic number" 12 above comes from the output of the xinput list command:

 xinput list
⎡ Virtual core pointer                      id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ ETPS/2 Elantech Touchpad                  id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                     id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Sleep Button                              id=9    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ HD WebCam                                 id=10   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=11   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Acer WMI hotkeys                          id=13   [slave  keyboard (3)]

Hope it helps someone else!


How to set up DBus query to get play state of VLC?

My solution written in C is what I settled on.  It is a daemon that uses the low level DBus API to call methods on VLC to get the playback status and ask VLC to quit if it is stopped.  The bash and python scripts were not reliable when run as Ubuntu Startup Applications, which is what I wanted.  IIRC, the bash and python versions had to be manually run from a terminal to work.

Bash solution using GDBus (was installed by default on my Ubuntu 12.04):

#VLC Watchdog Bash Script (vlcwd.sh)
while [ 1 -eq 1 ]
do
    if [ "$(pgrep vlc)" != "" ] #if VLC is running
        then #get the playback status and save to variable pbs
        pbs=$(bash -c 'gdbus call --session \
        --dest org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.vlc-$(pgrep vlc) \
        --object-path /org/mpris/MediaPlayer2 \
        --method org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties.Get \
        "org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.Player" \
        "PlaybackStatus"')
        if [ "$pbs" = "(<'Stopped'>,)" ] #if VLC is stopped
        then kill -9 $(pgrep vlc) #then kill it so it doesn't block my screen saver
        fi
    fi
    sleep 5
done

Python
This is how I set up a DBus query to get the play state of VLC using Python and the python-dbus module:

import dbus

bus = dbus.SessionBus()
vlc_media_player_obj = bus.get_object("org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.vlc", "/org/mpris/MediaPlayer2")
props_iface = dbus.Interface(vlc_media_player_obj, 'org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties')
pb_stat = props_iface.Get('org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.Player', 'PlaybackStatus')


How to uninstall malfunctioning extension in recovery mode?

From the GRUB menu, boot into Recovery Mode, and get to the # prompt, then do:

sudo rm -r /home/your_username/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/*IdleRPG*


How to find my administrator details when I can't even see an administrator account

You should login as root user and add grant you sudo rights (edit /etc/sudoers). If you don't know root password, so just reset it by login into single mode (add single or init=/bin/bash to kernel line at grub menu (during boot)), then you will boot to root cli and can reset root password with passwd command.


Wipe 12.04/Windows 7 dual boot setup and start fresh new 12.04

If you don't have Ubuntu anymore, or you can't find the installation CD, go to the Ubuntu website to download Ubuntu. Choose the 32bit or 64bit version depending on your system. Burn the ISO to a CD.  Once that is done, boot from the newly created CD, make sure that you system is set to boot from CD.

When you get to the Installation Type screen, choose erase and install.

Continue the installation following the on screen instructions.

For more control over you disk, you can choose Something else.   and create an ext4 primary partition with the mount point / and leave some sapce to create a logical partition for swaparea.  The size of swaparea depends on the amount of RAM you have.  So I would say it would be safe to have 2GB of swap space.


Convert Ubuntu Core image to bootable ISO

It can't be turned into a bootable iso without some major work. The reason is that it isn't an installation disk so much as an installation hard drive image. Possibly due to limitations of the iso format?

The suggestion is to 'burn' it onto a USB or SD Card, or as you've found, a virtual hard drive.

For me, I converted it to a .vmdk using VBoxManager so I could use it in VMWare ESXi

VBoxManage convertfromraw ubuntu-core-18-amd64.img ubuntu-core-18-amd64.vmdk --format=VMDK

The other options include VDI (VirtualBox) and VHD (Microsoft Virtual PC).

Depending on where you're trying to set up Ubuntu Core the rest of the instructions change, but it's essentially booting off the hard drive/usb/sd and installing it as per usual.


Adding grub2 menu-entry for iso using grml-rescueboot

First, you will need to manually add a grub entry as none of the automated tools will generate a menu entry for an .iso .

Second, although grub can "boot" an iso, the iso needs to be customized to be able to boot this way. 7.04 does not contain such customizations.

Personally I do not know what customizations need to be made, I suspect they would be in the kernel and initrd. I asked in #grml (irc) but never got a clear answer.

There is some additional discussion (and links) here - How to boot from an .iso file in GRUB2?


The Ubuntu 20.04 inside the virtual machine won't actually be aware of your laptop's display (it is actually using a "virtual" display). That's why it can't control your laptop's screen brightness.
If you test Ubuntu 20.04 with a Live USB (without installing) you should be able to see the brightness slider, or use your laptop's function keys to control the brightness.


Try removing the package completely with the following:

sudo apt-get purge skype-bin

Then go here, but instead of downloading Skype, open it with Ubuntu Software Center. Install it from there and accept any warnings. That should take care of dependencies for you. If it fails again - comment here with details.


How to find the port number of jvm which is running in ubuntu

I'm pretty sure that the debug port is not enabled by default.  You have to enable it via the -Xdebug parameter.  Here is an example how to start java with enabled debugging and port 8000 as debug port:

java -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=8000,server=y,suspend=n ...


Any software to add subtitles to Xvid for playback on a PS3?

I know only 2 application that can add subtitles to a movie to be viewed by PS3

One, the easiest, is AVIAddXSubs.

Sadly is a Windows application but runs under wine.

You can find it here: http://www.calcitapp.com/AVIAddXSubs.php

Tutorial to use with PS3: http://dontcthis.com/2009/09/how-to-add-subtitles-to-your-ps3-movies/

The other application is MEncoder that is a command line utility for linux.

Sadly, no gui.

How to install: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MEncoder

an sample usage case: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=556267


I see that chromium-browser (your web browser) is using a lot of memory.

With only 1.4GB of memory available you will get into trouble soon with modern browsers and a lot of tabs open, yes. Press Shift+Esc in Chrome/Chromium to see what tab is consuming so much. See also: Chrome suddenly using too much memory, what's wrong?

Simple tips:

Keep the amount of tabs low.
Uninstall unused browser extensions.
Avoid sites using extensions such as Adobe Flash, or use "Click to Play" instead of running all extensions directly.
Don't sort on the Virtual Memory column, but on the regular Memory column. (see below for why)

Don't worry about the console-kit-daemon - it's only using 204 KiB of actual memory. The amount of virtual memory assigned is as it says virtual. The process just thinks it has the 1000 MiB of memory available, but isn't using it at the moment, clearly. The kernel will then simply not map any real memory for what isn't used.


Ubuntu 12.04: Replacing pulseaudio with Alsa?

This seems to work, though you must understand that it isn't replacing pulseaudio with alsa but just removing pulseaudio(the front-end).

sudo apt-get autoremove pulseaudio

However alsa still needs a graphical user interface for you to easily communicate with it
say goodbye to the easy integrated indicator that Ubuntu comes with

sudo apt-get install gnome-alsamixer

You can also do all of this in the Ubuntu Software Centre.


error 403 forbidden - can't get virtual host to work

So the problem I was having involved my /etc/hosts. I did not have the right ip/name combination for the site listed in my conf file. This explains why upon searching my error.log file, I was not seeing any errors relating to the 403.


Ubuntu 12.04 stuck at logo with 5 dots on Macbook Pro

Choose nomodeset in grub before proceeding to boot.  From memory, it's on the menu under the F6 key (look at the bottom right of the grub menu screen.

If the grub boot menu isn't showing before you see the logo and 5 dots, try holding the 'shift' key while it starts.


Ubuntu 12.04 KDE, Kmix - how to set audio 2.1 surround profile output

Go to System Settings -> Hardware -> Multimedia -> Phonon:

Or install pavucontrol package and start pavucontrol.


Try

sudo apt-get remove tk8.5

and

sudo apt-get install tk8.5


You can install ubuntu-desktop by running

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

and you will have choice to log into Ubuntu or Lubuntu.

It looks like the easiest way to do it.

Another alternative is to install Ubuntu over Lubuntu. It is possible to keep your user files, but you will have to re-install all applications.


Compiz taking 40-30% of CPU resources, is it ok ?

Had the same problem. Compiz constantly at around 40% (AMD CPU, ATI 58xx, 12.04). Then i followed this post https://askubuntu.com/a/127310/26508 and CPU utilization dropped below 10%. Hope it helps.


It could. Normally it would not, but it found an error. I would backup your data before you try. If your using your GUID partition table then you will have data loss. If it is a left over and not in use then your fine. Again I would highly recommend backing up first, but it should be fine.


can I get a window to be active and not on top?

Install gnome-tweak-tool from here
 and go to Windows ▸ Windows Focus Mode ▸ Select Mouse, see if that works. In software centre it will be listed in application as Advanced Settings.


It's not a good idea using a NTFS partition to compile source code because usually the compiling generates executable files, which need the execute file permission, not provided by NTFS.


One possibility is to install the "UT Tweak Tool" from the "OpenStore" and select in the "Usage Mode" Tab "Windowed". Then you have a windowed user interface. That's not a nice solution because it should switch automatically, but the tool also offers cool other features.


"Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages" error

My problem was fixed. at least for "VLC" and "unity-tweak-tool" programs.

But can not fixed for some programs like "Foxit Reader PDF". since its installation is manually. ("Foxit reader" crashed and closed when highlighting text or doing any comment).

The problem was "I did not use aptitude command correctly."

the detail is:

first run this in terminal (notice: you may need to install "aptitude" package sudo apt-get install aptitude)

sudo aptitude install vlc

after a while it asked:

Keep the following packages at their current version:
    1)     libgles1-mesa [Not Installed]
    2)     vlc [Not Installed]
    3)     vlc-plugin-notify [Not Installed]
    4)     vlc-plugin-samba [Not Installed]

    Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] n

answered to it by n (No)

then it asked:

Remove the following packages:
    1)      libgl1-mesa-glx:i386
    2)      libglu1-mesa:i386
    3)      wine-devel
    4)      wine-devel-i386:i386
    5)      wine1.4
    6)      wine1.4-amd64
    7)      winehq-devel

 Downgrade the following packages:
    8)      libgl1-mesa-glx [17.0.7-0ubuntu0.16.04.2 (now) -> 11.2.0-1ubuntu2 (xenia
    9)      libglapi-mesa [17.0.7-0ubuntu0.16.04.2 (now) -> 11.2.0-1ubuntu2 (xenial)
    10)     libglapi-mesa:i386 [17.0.7-0ubuntu0.16.04.2 (now) -> 11.2.0-1ubuntu2 (xe
    11)     libgles2-mesa [17.0.7-0ubuntu0.16.04.2 (now) -> 11.2.0-1ubuntu2 (xenial)
    12)     libosmesa6 [17.0.7-0ubuntu0.16.04.2 (now) -> 11.2.0-1ubuntu2 (xenial)]
    13)     libosmesa6:i386 [17.0.7-0ubuntu0.16.04.2 (now) -> 11.2.0-1ubuntu2 (xenia
    14)     libvlccore8 [2.2.2-5ubuntu0.16.04.4 (now) -> 2.2.2-5 (xenial)]
    15)     vlc-data [2.2.2-5ubuntu0.16.04.4 (now) -> 2.2.2-5 (xenial)]

    Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] y

answer to it by y (yes)

then asked:

The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:
  libgl1-mesa-glx libglapi-mesa libglapi-mesa:i386 libgles2-mesa libosmesa6
  libosmesa6:i386 libvlccore8 vlc-data
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libgles1-mesa{a} libqt5x11extras5{a} vlc vlc-nox{a} vlc-plugin-notify{a}
  vlc-plugin-samba{a}
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  libgl1-mesa-glx:i386{a} libglu1-mesa:i386{a} wine-devel{a}
  wine-devel-i386:i386{a} wine1.4{a} wine1.4-amd64{a} winehq-devel{a}
0 packages upgraded, 6 newly installed, 8 downgraded, 7 to remove and 42     not upgraded.
Need to get 6,395 kB/12.8 MB of archives. After unpacking 168 MB will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] y

answer y again.

after this, problem was fixed and the VLC was installed correctly.

I hope, This be helpful for others, too.

Thanks for you attention


How do you create a symlink to a file on a mounted disk that survives reboot?

Is there a way to keep a symlink to a file on a mounted network disk after reboot? Am I doing it wrong?

Nope. You can re-create the link on reboot if you want. But the more logical method would be to use the bind option from mount. From man page:

Bind mount operation
   Remount part of the file hierarchy somewhere else.  The call is:

          mount --bind olddir newdir

   or by using this fstab entry:

          /olddir /newdir none bind

   After this call the same contents are accessible in two places.

Long explantion on Unix.stackexchange


This error is normal, it is not related to your start <my-app-name> command. This happens because in /etc/modules this module rtc is listed and is does not exist.

So every system start upstart tries to load this module and fails.

There is already a bug reported for this. (see launchpad)


Can Thunderbird handle all existing folders on hotmail account?

As far as I can tell it can't.
Hotmail doesn't do imap. Thunderbird can only get mail from hotmail via the pop3 protocol which doesn't have any folder support.
iPhones & iPads seem to be able to use some Exchange protocol - thunderbird and apple mail can't.
Protocol wars are painful.


install alsa-tools-gui

then run one of the ALSA tools in that package hdajackretask

enable option 'Advanced override' to make settings visible

find section for 'Blue Line in'
enable option 'Override'
change setting for 'Device' to 'Speaker'
change setting for 'channel' to match other Speaker

click 'Apply now' to make temporary reconfiguration of ALSA
(changes will be lost if pc rebooted)

Open alsamixer and check if a level control for missing 2 channels (side?) is now present (controls for line-in should not be present)
unmute and adjust level settings, if required

if all channels for surround sound are confirmed to work
 click 'Install boot override' to make reconfiguration permanent
(changes will be lost if pc rebooted)
and save new settings for ALSA

sudo alsactl store

reboot and check audio still works


Boot directly to Windows instead of Windows Boot Manager

You don't say what happens when you try booting using the auto-generated Windows entry in the GRUB menu, but my suspicion is that you're running into the following long-standing bug:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/1091464

If so, there are a couple of relatively simple workarounds:

Disable Secure Boot. How to do this varies from one computer to another, but it's usually pretty simple once you know how. See this page of mine for a few illustrated examples.
Install rEFInd. My rEFInd boot manager does a better job of launching Windows than GRUB, and so may be helpful. One caveat is that you'll need to jump through some hoops with EFI Secure Boot key installation to get rEFInd to start up with Secure Boot active.


SSH Reverse Tunnel keeps disconnecting with activity

Found the problem. I solved it by changing the systemd service Type= from forking to simple see below.

[Unit]
Description="SSH Reverse Tunnel Service"
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=dev
Restart=always
ExecStart=/bin/ssh -vvv -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -R 2222:127.0.0.1:22 remoteuser@remoteserver

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Now it works well and seems to be stable.


How to minimize a window using mouse in PCManFM?

First check if you can see the following button on your windows:

If so, just click it, because this is the minimize button.

If you could not see this button, you will have to enable this button, so follow this tutorial:

Open the menu (if you are using PCManFM you're probably using Lubuntu):

Go to "Preferences" > "Customize Look and Feel"

On Customize Look and Feel copy the following configuration:

Then click "Apply" and close it, so check the changes opening the File Manager (PCManFM in this case).

I hope I helped you.


How to restore on another Ubuntu computer a MySQL backup made by rsnapshot?

The solution to this is to make a mysqldump and restore from that.

mysqldump -u root -p > iamateapot.sql should save everything in mysql into iamateapot.sql stored in the current working directory.

Transfer that .sql to the other server, do mysql -u root -p < iamateapot.sql, and it'll overwrite all current MySQL data on that server with new data, and retain all users, pws, etc.  At least it should.


Flash is an application made by Adobe that displays movies, games, or other content within a web browser. It’s an old web standard that’s slowly being phased out by HTML5 — however, many websites still use Flash plugins for videos, games, and tools. Google Chrome is a browser made by, well, Google (you know, the search engine giant), and it has nearly half of the current marketshare, including support for themes, extensions and HTML5. While Chrome scores higher on browser tests than its competitors, it does have some known issues with Flash — and here’s how to fix them.

First off, issues with Flash games and the such — those can’t be fixed. Chrome and Flash games don’t play well together, for whatever reason — even if Flash is working perfectly fine — so for those, you should definitely go to Mozilla Firefox or another browser to enjoy some flash gaming. For your normal Flash video issues — like lagging and crashing — here’s where you need to go.

First, type about:plugins in your Chrome address bar and press Enter to view what plugins you have installed and are running.

This is where the Flash plugins are stored.

How To Stop The Plugin Conflict

Search for Flash in the plugins list and then check if it says (2 files) in parenthesis beside it.
If it says two files, that means two different installations of Flash — one on your system and one just for the Chrome installation — are conflicting, and that’s where your problem lies.

How To Stop The Plugin Conflict

Search for Flash in the plugins list and then check if it says (2 files) in parenthesis beside it.
If it says two files, that means two different installations of Flash — one on your system and one just for the Chrome installation — are conflicting, and that’s where your problem lies.

Click the + sign next to Details and use the Location tags to determine where each installation is located. Disable the one off your home directory.

If Issues Persist

First, re-activate the Chrome plugin and turn off the operating system plugin. (The opposite of the steps above.)
If that doesn’t fix your issue, deactivate each of your extensions and start Chrome again — an easy way to go about this is to open up an incognito window with extensions disabled. To open up an incognito window, click Chrome’s Menu icon and select Open Incognito Window from the drop down box. By default, incognito starts without extensions. Go to a flash-based page and see if you have any issues. If you don’t, good job — one of your extensions is causing the problem.

To solve this, open up your list of Extensions and one by one, re-enable them while viewing how they effect your Flash performance. To open the list of extensions, open your menu once more, hover over Tools and click Extensions. When you’ve determined which one has been causing you all this trouble, delete or disable it.

Source: http://www.reviversoft.com/blog/2013/03/fix-adobe-flash-problems-in-google-chrome/


Ubuntu keeps booting from live CD after installation

From reading all the comments I understand you tried to install Ubuntu using WUBI.EXE from within Windows.
See Is WUBI installation a full installation, or is it a live CD with persistent file or partition? and How do I know if I am running Wubi or a proper dual-boot? for more on WUBI.
WUBI does not use the GRUB bootloader, but uses Windows' own bootloader. It looks like the Windows bootloader somehow got misconfigured to point to the LiveDVD instead of the correct boot initiation file probably something like c:\ubuntu\winboot\wubildr.mbr.
Without Buying a Keyboard:
You can try to fix the Windows boot loader and make it point to the right file. See this HowToGeek for details.
With a keyboard:
Or you can delete the WUBI install by booting Windows and using Control Panel > Programs > Unisntall a Program > Ubuntu. Then you will need to go into BIOS (using the keyboard you need to buy) and set the tablet to boot from the Live DVD and do a complete install (not WUBI).
If you installed Ubuntu in an external USB drive:
Remember to put the bootloader (GRUB) in the same external USB drive. It may be /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc or some such thing. Don't put it in any specific partition such as /dev/sdb1 or /dev/sdc1 etc.
Once Ubuntu is installed, you may have to change the boot order in the BIOS again. Set it to the drive where Ubuntu is installed. If the external drive is attached it should show GRUB and give you the choice to boot Ubuntu (default) or Windows. If the drive is not present during boot, the tablet should boot straight to Windows.


Is there a way to make the Update Manager display more frequently?

If you prefer to use Update Manager instead of apt-get, you can launch it from System -> Administration -> Update Manager.

If you want it to launch for all updates immediately after the daily check for updates, you can set an option for that in GConf.  Press Alt+F2 or open a terminal window and launch the command gconf-editor.  Find the key /apps/update-notifier/regular_auto_launch_interval and change its value to 0.


How to report a bug in content (not interface) on Ubuntu.com?

Your suspicion is correct. Website (including content) issues should be reported against ubuntu-website.


How to disown a chromium or chrome app on double click

Try the following code:-

nohup /usr/bin/chromium-browser --disable-gpu --enable-offline-auto-reload --   enable-offline-auto-reload-visible-only --app=chrome-extension://jbnkffmindojffecdhbbmekbmkkfpmjd/foreground.html &

Is this what you wanted? Did it work for you?


How to disable Macbook keyboard backlight

Make the keyboard backlight device writable by everyone:

sudo chmod 777 /sys/class/leds/smc::kbd_backlight/brightness

Then, in your ~/.bash_aliases, add:

echo 0 | tee -a /sys/class/leds/smc::kbd_backlight/brightness

Alternatively, if you want the backlight to be disabled for all users, then add that line instead to /etc/profile.d/custom.sh.

The only caveat I've noticed is that unlocking your screen occassionally appears to reset the backlight to full brightness. Unfortunately, I don't know what's causing this.


when trying to install ubuntu or other linux, lose power to mouse and keyboard

I believe I know of a workaround, but I cannot guarantee this very old pc won't have other problems later.  Install the os to the hard drive of that pc using a different computer, then when you reconnect that hard drive to your very old PC, it will very likely appear to operate the mouse and keyboard correctly.


Many of the previous GTK+2 based theme engines have not been ported to use the GTK+3 API.  This also includes gtk-qt-engine - it looks like development of this has dramatically slowed.

There are a few engines with some very good themes being developed.

For QT-based apps you should use qt4-qtconfig and select the GTK style to make QT apps look similar to GTK based apps.  Then apply some of the excellent themes around which your QT-based apps should inherit the GTK characteristics.

Below are a selection of some AskUbuntu! Q&A's that you might care to consult.

Linked Questions

How can I theme my Qt app to resemble one written in Gtk?
What GTK+ 3 engines are available?
How do I change to a theme not listed in the Appearance screen?
Where to find great themes?


dd partition into file on block device level encrypted drive

It's not gonna mess with the encryption - as dd simply copies the block device. However, the copy will be encrypted, and you need the passphrase or other unlock method to mount it.

You can, if you want an unencrypted backup, copy the mapped container instead.


You need to run your script after your graphical interface is started. So i think you don't get your device-id and status, because xinput is not running when your script executes.

To do debugging and see error messages, execute your script sh "/home/sebastian/absolute/path/turn-touchpad-off.sh" > /some_dir/logfile on rc


If you have a recent MAC with an Intel CPU (anything since ~2006), you should just simply grab the proper (32 or 64-bit) version and that's it.

In case you sport an older Mac computer (with PowerPC), you can grab the PowerPC images from the mirrors. Like from Germany.
List of mirrors: Scroll down here.

But I'm pretty sure you have an Intel machine. :)
Update: If you want, you can use your pendrive to install Ubuntu.
It's a Windows-only tool, but you mentioned you are on Windows now.


Ubuntu Mate - Enable Compose key (and disable compose key behavior by default)

There is the German (dead acute) keyboard layout, which may fit your needs. It's described like this:

  modify the basic German layout to have only acute as dead keys (ASCII
  grave, tilde and circumflex are needed as spacing characters in many
  programming languages and text formatters)

(quoted from /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/de)


Connect/disconnect from VPN from the command line

If you want to interact with NetworkManager from the command line you can use the "nmcli" command.

list all NM connections: nmcli con

start connection (wifi, vpn, etc): nmcli con up id ConnectionName

down connection: nmcli con down id ConnectionName

(more nmcli commands in the nmcli manpage).

Also note that regular users usually don't have permission to control networking. Using the commands above with sudo should work for most connections, but VPN specifically might fail with "Error: Connection activation failed: no valid VPN secrets."

If that happens to you, it's likely that the VPN password is stored in your user's gnome-keyring, which makes it inaccessible to the root user. This comment explains why.

To fix this, edit /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/ConnectionName and under [vpn], change the password flags line to:

password-flags=0

If there is a line starting with Xauth password-flags, change it instead.

Then add the following below the [vpn] block:

[vpn-secrets]
password=YourPassword

(If in the previous step you changed the line Xauth password-flags, add Xauth password=... instead.)

Now restart network manager by:

sudo service network-manager restart

Then starting the VPN connection with sudo nmcli con up id ConnectionName should work without problems.


Why my bluetooth don't have mac address?

BT devices don't have MAC addresses. They use a 48-bit static address which is randomly generated. Why do you need a MAC adress?


MAAS 1.8 is missing any obvious way of using the Debian Installer

I also hit that bug, but it's fixed and about to be pushed to the updates repository. Can you try installing the updated package from -proposed and see if it fixes it for you as well?

Instructions for adding the -proposed repository are here in this bug comment:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/curtin/+bug/1263181/comments/21


look like I did get great success.
Here is the list of my actions:

Disable secure boot in uefi/bios (what's the right name for the uefi bios? )
Install ubuntu 14.04 on separate disk using DVD to avoid problems with device order. USB stick can cause installer to see divices in different order. When choosing device to boot, choose UEFI DVD device. It should start with "UEFI bla-bla-bla your dvd device"
I did manually specify partitions on separate disk: efi boot, root, swap, e.t.c. Set this separate disk as a boot loader device.
Reboot and boot from dvd again using ubuntu live.
follow this guide to use boot-repair on ubuntu 14.04 Can't find boot-repair package for the newest version of Ubuntu
choose options in boot-repair and disable checkbox "secure boot"
run bot-repair and follow the wizard.
reboot and boot win8
execute as admin in win shell: bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi

reboot, choose windows boot manager. Then You should get a menu with options. Choose ubuntu :)
I didn't make ubuntu run with secure boot enabled...
This is my motherboard: http://www.asrock.com/mb/AMD/990FX%20Extreme3/index.ru.asp


After boot repair laptop boots straight to windows 8 without grub - no solution for a week now

Is the max number of 4 primary partitions the problem with my system or am I in the clear on this one?

That's a problem only with the old Master Boot Record (MBR) partitioning scheme, which your computer does not use; it uses the new GUID Partition Table (GPT), which does not suffer from that problem.

  I picked “something else”, made a 5.77 GB partition (read somewhere that it is supposed to be 10% the size of the main system partition) for swap area and 51.22 GB for booting the main system ( / )

The "traditional" rule for swap space is to make it about twice your RAM size. These days, that's usually overkill. You need at least as much swap as RAM if you expect to use the suspend-to-disk feature. If not, then many uses don't need swap at all, although I'd be reluctant to recommend a no-swap setup by default. Setting swap to a percentage of the root (/) filesystem size is a poor rule of thumb unless that value happens to work out to something sensible. In your case, the value you set might be OK if you don't need to use suspend-to-disk.

  no GRUB and boots straight to windows.

Try this:

Windows 8 removes Grub as default boot manager

If that doesn't work, look for a firmware update from your manufacturer. If there's no such update or if any updates you find don't work, and if you're within the return period from the store, return your computer for a refund because it's defective. There are other workarounds you can try, but at this point in time, I don't recommend you try them; manufacturers have had long enough to fix their defective firmware, and I refuse to offer more free support to the manufacturers to nurse people through the problems they've caused.


How to get out of log in loop after installing NVIDIA gtx 1070 driver on ubuntu 16.04, intel i7-8750h?

Edited in a couple spots.

Gigabyte RGB Fusion (keyboard backlight control) warning: It's a huge pain to change your keyboard backlight settings for this laptop in Ubuntu, so set it however you want it to be in Windows before you overwrite that installation, if you plan to do so.

Instructions

Using the same laptop (Gigabyte Aero 15x v8-BK4), the following steps worked for me. I'm including many details (some probably superfluous), so I will bold what I think the key steps are.

Make sure Secure Boot is disabled in the BIOS by navigating to the Security tab and pressing "Delete all Secure Boot variables". (Enter the BIOS by pressing F2 on the POST screen after powering on: POST screen) If you see "Enroll all Factory Default keys" on this page, skip this step.

Install a fresh copy of Ubuntu 16.04.5 with Linux kernel version 4.15.0-34. (I used a bootable USB stick I made with Rufus on a Windows 7 machine.)

During installation, choose the "Something else" option for partitioning and divide the drive into (in order) a 1024 MB EFI partition, an ext-4 partition sized to use all space not used by the other partitions, and a 8192 MB swap partition (or a different size if you prefer: I have 16GB RAM. Do I need 32GB swap?).  Mark all these partitions as "primary". Choose to place the bootloader on the physical drive you're installing Ubuntu on.

After the installation completed, the laptop hung on shutdown for me and displayed this error message: NMI watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#2 stuck for 23s! [nvidia-smi:566]

This issue seems to be caused by the default nouveau driver.

At this point, shutdown the laptop by holding the power button. After shutdown, reboot and edit the boot options in grub by pressing e with the the Ubuntu boot option highlighted. Add nouveau.modeset=0 i915.alpha_support=1 directly before $vt_handoff on the boot options line. (Credit to Jeong-Ki Yoo below for the i915.alpha_support tip.)

You will need to do this on all boots until the Nvidia driver is successfully installed unless you want to add this change to your default grub options (How do I add a kernel boot parameter?). Press F10 to boot.

Reboot and install these packages: linux-firmware, intel-microcode, and intel-gpu-tools.

Add the Nvidia drivers apt repo: sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers, then sudo apt-get update.

Install Nvidia driver version 390 through the Additional Drivers application (also accessible through the Additional Drivers tab of Software & Updates). To do this, select "Using Nvidia binary driver- version 390.xx from nvidia-390 (open source)", and then press the Apply Changes button. Version 390.87 is confirmed to work, but all 390 major version number releases should work. Expect this step to take a long time.

When the driver is done installing, reboot again.

After start, run nvidia-smi and/or nvidia-settings to confirm everything worked. nvidia-smi should output something like: nvidia-smi output

nvidia-settings should launch the Nvidia settings application: nvidia-settings

You can also run the mesa-utils GPU stress test application to make sure the laptop's GPU is absolutely,  unquestionably being used: sudo apt-get install mesa-utils and then __GL_SYNC_TO_VBLANK=0 glxgears. (The flag here prevents glxgears from limiting the frame rate to the display refresh rate.) On my laptop, running this achieved FPS around 25000 on AC power and around 20000 on battery. Reported utilization in the Nvidia settings "GPU 0" tab hovered around 100%.

Important notes

This solution doesn't seem to allow you to use Nvidia Optimus easily (switching between the integrated and discrete GPUs). When I tried switching to Intel (Power Saving Mode) in the Nvidia X Server Settings application, I was unable to log back in after reboot*. Not 100% sure why that was, but I think it had to do with the lightdm service misbehaving (Selecting nvidia graphics card with Prime results in black screen, How to install sane graphics drivers for Nvidia Optimus hardware on *Ubuntu 16.04?), and so it might be a recoverable state, although I didn't bother trying to figure out how and just restarted the process as described above.

The brightness keyboard controls also don't work for me, but I can change display brightness using the "Brightness & Lock" settings page.

*After boot, the computer displayed a flashing black screen with an unresponsive cursor in the center of the display. Switching to a tty session didn't work properly either -- the tty login prompt would flash for a moment and then the display would revert to the flashing cursor.  I tried rebooting, loading a different kernel version in recovery mode (don't recall which precisely, but probably 4.13.0-39), and trying to toggle back to discrete GPU mode by dropping into the root command prompt and calling sudo prime-select nvidia. After this, booting with the 4.15.0-15 kernel loaded yielded the normal lightdm login screen, but the laptop's keyboard and touchpad were totally unresponsive, as were USB peripherals I tried plugging in.


How do I enable the bcdiv function in PHP 7.0?

Install module bcmath

sudo apt-get install php-bcmath

(note: on ubuntu 16.04^ with PHP 7.0^ use php7.0-bcmath package instead)

Restart apache service eventually

sudo service apache2 restart


I believe these are stored in the Gnome Keyring with no technical connection to bookmarks. Try copying ~/.gnome2/keyrings from your old home directory to restore the entire keyring.

You can use Accessories -> Passwords and Encryption Keys afterwards to clean up any old passwords you don't use anymore.


Maybe not an exact duplicate but the solutions for "How can I install software offline?" should help you.

Since bandwidth is an issue you might also want to consider setting up one of the machines as a caching deb proxy so you don't have to manually copy files around, that way if you install a package once it will be cached on your LAN.


How do I move applications from one workspace to another

You can do it.

You can use Ctrl+Alt+Shift+Arrow key to move programs from one workspace to another.

I also made a fancy-smancy video showing you how its possible to drag windows between workspaces.


I guess you are quoting this OMG Ubuntu article.

Ubuntu (18.04) "supports colored emojis" means you'll be able to see system-wide coloured emojis out-of-the box, not just in some specific applications.

Currently in Ubuntu 17.10 or older versions you get to see coloured emojis without any extra modifications in for example, Firefox:

But the same emojis may render as simple monochromatic line drawings in other applications, e.g. gEdit:

Even though GNOME 3.26 (default in Ubuntu 17.10) supports coloured emojis, it's actually a missing feature in Ubuntu 17.10 as some necessary packages, which are fontconfig v2.12.5, cairo v1.15.7, and a font that supports coloured emojis are missing (source).

This will be fixed in Ubuntu 18.04 and you'll be able to see coloured emojis everywhere out-of-the-box, as well as having a nice system picker application for choosing them.


Ubuntu live usb wont boot, however other distro live usb does

I believe i got it working. So i had to enable F12 boot menu to select a device to boot from rather than prioritizing the boot devices from BIOS. I have an Acer E15. I spent 3 days slaving over this im so done lol


jekyll not respecting _config.yml -- possible to upgrade?

As you can see, some applications in Debian/Ubuntu tend to be very old, with Ruby we generally prefer to avoid system packages. There are some very robust Ruby managers like RVM (recommended for beginners) and rbenv which create an isolated Ruby installation in your home directory, so you have everything up-to-date and under control.

However, if you only wish to use Jekyll, packaged version of Ruby will work for you too, you can just install the latest version of Jekyll through RubyGems with a complementary gem command (part of the ruby package).

First you will need development files for Ruby (ruby-dev package) as some Jekyll's dependencies require compilation. Additionally, the latest Jekyll version requires some JavaScript interpreter (e.g. nodejs):

sudo apt-get install ruby-dev nodejs

Now you have two options. You can install Jekyll globally or locally in your home directory.

The global installation is easier since you don't need to configure pretty much anything. Just uninstall the jekyll package and install the jekyll gem with sudo:

sudo apt-get remove jekyll
sudo gem install jekyll

This will install Ruby dependencies into /var/lib/gems/1.9.1 and jekyll executable into /usr/local/bin/jekyll. Then just verify the version of Jekyll by running:

jekyll --version

Global installation may seem scary, but it won't cause any problems, especially if you just need Jekyll and don't do any heavy Ruby development.

The local installation in your home directory can be done in a few ways, here I will place jekyll executable into ~/bin directory – which should be automatically added into your $PATH.

gem install --user-install --bindir ~/bin jekyll

With --user-install option, gems will be installed into ~/.gem/ruby/1.9.1/

--bindir tells where the executable should go. If ~/bin doesn't exist yet, gem may complain:

WARNING:  You don't have /home/<user>/bin in your PATH,
          gem executables will not run.

You may just need to reload your terminal or logout.

You can also add these options to the .gemrc file, so they are always used when running gem:

gem: --user-install --bindir ~/bin

Note that if you want to use additional plugins for Jekyll and/or wish to use Jekyll for GitHub pages, you should also consider using Bundler to manage your dependencies, as described in this GitHub article.


How can I install applications like Google Earth, NetBeans and Java?

The easiest way to install Java 8 and NetBeans is to download a single package containing both of them from the official Oracle website. The package is called Java SE and NetBeans Cobundle and the version of Java SE and NetBeans Cobundle that you need to download is Linux x64.
The installation instructions for the Java SE and NetBeans Cobundle are the familiar click Next, Next... Install, and Finish type of instructions. These are the official Java SE and NetBeans Cobundle installation instructions from the Oracle Java SE Development Kit 8 Update 40 and NetBeans IDE 8.0.2 Java SE Software Bundle Installation Instructions webpage with minor revisions to make them specific to your question.
Installation Instructions

Download the installer file and save it on your system. For the 64-bit Linux operating system, the installer file name is jdk-8u40-nb-8_0_2-linux-x64.sh  Make sure that the file name has jdk-8 in it, so that way you know that you are downloading the installer for Oracle Java 8 SE and NetBeans 8.

Navigate to the directory into which you downloaded the installer file (example: cd ~/Downloads/) and type:
 sudo chmod +x jdk-8u40-nb-8_0_2-linux-x64.sh

to change the installer file's permissions so it can be executed.

Type the following command from the directory where you placed the installation file:
 sudo ./jdk-8u40-nb-8_0_2-linux-x64.sh

At the Welcome page of the installation wizard, click Next.

JUnit is a unit testing framework for the Java programming language. At the JUnit License Agreement page, decide if you want to install JUnit and click the appropriate option, click Next.

At the JDK Installation page, specify the directory where to install the JDK and click Next.

At the NetBeans IDE Installation page, do the following:

Specify the directory for the NetBeans IDE installation.
Accept the default JDK installation to use with the IDE or specify another JDK location.

Click Next.
Review the Summary page to ensure the software installation locations are correct.
Click Install to begin the installation.
At the Setup Complete page, provide anonymous usage data if desired, and click Finish.

Google Earth

Visit the official Download the latest version of Google Earth for PC, Mac, or Linux website.

Select the version of Google Earth that is compatible with your operating system. In your case, from the Please select your download package menu select 64 bit .deb (For Debian/Ubuntu)

Click the Agree and Download button to start downloading Google Earth.

Browse in the Files file manager to the folder where the Google Earth file that you downloaded is located. The name of the Google Earth file is google-earth-stable_current_amd64.deb

Double click the google-earth-stable_current_amd64.deb file to open it for installation in the Ubuntu Software Center, or from the terminal change directories with cd to the directory where the Google Earth file that you downloaded is located and install it with this command:
 sudo apt install ./google-earth-stable_current_amd64.deb

Install Google Earth from the Ubuntu Software Center the same way that you would install any other package -- by clicking the Install button.


New Ubuntu install v16.04 wireless not working

OK my problem is solved using the following steps:-

ctl alt t - to open terminal mode

update list of ubuntu PCI.IDs-     sudo update-pciids

build index of available packages -     sudo apt update

find installer for my card -     lspci -nn -d 14e4: (14e4 being code for broadcom wl card)

this recealed the pci id of my card as 14e4:4365 rev 01

based on my card id comparing it with the broadcom wireless table the correct package was bcmwl-kernel-source

then -     sudo apt install bcmwl-kernel-source

all then was ok


What is this weird icon at top upper corner of the screen: 1

Its the Gnome Extension Workspace Indicator.

It will increment as you switch between workspaces using CtrlAlt↓ and decrease according to which Workspace you have in view if you use the up arrow combination from (say) Workspace 2.

If it troubles you, you can turn the indicator OFF by clicking on the slider so that OFF is exposed as in the graphic.

You can access the Installed Extensions page by going to https://extensions.gnome.org/local/ on your PC.

The use of Workspaces is a whole different topic to explore if you are not sure about using them but turning OFF the indicator will not affect its use nor function.


How to connect with Ubuntu 18.04 to WPA3?

As @adasiko said, You need NetworkManager 1.16+
https://blogs.gnome.org/lkundrak/2019/03/15/networkmanager-1-16/

This version is available first in Ubuntu 19.04 Disco:
https://packages.ubuntu.com/disco/net/network-manager

The easiest way to get it is probably to upgrade to that release.  However, I don't see WPA 3 in the drop-down in the GUI in that release, so this still isn't a great answer.


Ubuntu 20.04 - OpenSSL security level 1 not working

I think you have a typo in your CipherString line, try removing the colon after DEFAULT?


Is it possible to use 12.04 live CD to repartition hard drive?

That depends on the Filesystem you installed your linux on. Try to boot gparted and check if it shows you the possibility to resize this partition after you removed the VISTA / Recovery Partition.

But be careful. It is always possible that sth. bad happens. So make backup before you start. Make sure your batteries are loaded and the lappy is switched to a plug.

A Backup is possible with many tools. But this also depends on your filesystem you chose. And you will need an USB drive with the same size (or half the size - depending on your tool)


How to Make Directories with the Same Parent Name

Starting with a structure like this...
DataFolder
├── PATIENT A
│   ├── FOLDER1
│   └── FOLDER2
└── PATIENT B
    ├── FOLDER1
    ├── FOLDER2
    └── FOLDER3

Use the following bash script...
SAVEIFS=$IFS; IFS=$(echo -en "\n\b");
for patient_name in `ls -1 DataFolder`; do
    echo "Processing ${patient_name}"
    for sub_folder_name in `ls -1 DataFolder/${patient_name}`; do
        echo "    Processing ${sub_folder_name}"
        mkdir -p "DataFolder/${patient_name}/${sub_folder_name}/xx${patient_name}/"{"TypeX","TypeY"}
    done
done
IFS=$SAVEIFS

...to create a folder structure like this...
DataFolder
├── PATIENT A
│   ├── FOLDER1
│   │   └── xxPATIENT A
│   │       ├── TypeX
│   │       └── TypeY
│   └── FOLDER2
│       └── xxPATIENT A
│           ├── TypeX
│           └── TypeY
└── PATIENT B
    ├── FOLDER1
    │   └── xxPATIENT B
    │       ├── TypeX
    │       └── TypeY
    ├── FOLDER2
    │   └── xxPATIENT B
    │       ├── TypeX
    │       └── TypeY
    └── FOLDER3
        └── xxPATIENT B
            ├── TypeX
            └── TypeY

Explanation:

There are two loops in this script.
The first loop lists all the existing patient folders (PATIENT A, PATIENT B, etc.) in DataFolder.
The second loop lists all of the existing folders (FOLDER1, FOLDER2, FOLDER#) within each patient folder.
The mkdir command creates the folder structure you want. It uses the -p flag to create all parent folders in the supplied path argument.
At the end of the path argument to the mkdir command is {"TypeX","TypeY"}. This tells bash that you want to create two folders, named "TypeX" and "TypeY" at the same location.
Before starting the script, you change the IFS (Internal Field Separator) to only break lines on new lines, not spaces. This is important because you have spaces in your file names (for example "PATIENT A"), and you want to loop through each file name, not each word in each file name.
You also save a copy of the current IFS so you can restore it after the script is finished.


Audio issues, cutting out and random loud noises the more things it has to process

The 3rd log shows audio underuns  in Pulseaudio due  to high cpu load, so i would try to disable   Pulseaudio to see if  Alsa only is better :

Run this 2 commands in terminal:
echo autospawn=no > ~/.pulse/client.conf
pulseaudio -k
This will stop pulseaudio, then relaunch your software and test .
You can set alsa layer volume   with alsamixer in a terminal or installing gnome-alsamixer.


This can be fixed by applying a patch and modifying 1 extra parameter.

Run as root the following commands

curl http://pastie.org/pastes/9934018/download -o /tmp/vmnet-3.19.patch
cd /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source
tar -xf vmnet.tar
patch -p0 -i /tmp/vmnet-3.19.patch
mv vmnet.tar vmnet.tar.SAVED
tar -cf vmnet.tar vmnet-only
rm -r vmnet-only63
vmware-modconfig --console --install-all

Now, you need one more patch and everything will work (as root)

cd /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source
sudo tar -xf vmnet.tar
sudo joe vmnet-only/vmnetInt.h

in line 82, add a trailing ",1" just as in line 84

old: PF_NETLINK, _pri, &vmnet_proto)
new: PF_NETLINK, _pri, &vmnet_proto, 1)

save everything back to .tar

sudo tar -uf vmnet.tar vmnet-only/vmnetInt.h

Run and enjoy

Note: if it sill fails try adding dependencies for i:386. They are needed to install windows

sudo apt-get install libcanberra-gtk-module:i386


ubuntu folder permission changed to drwsrwsrwt and nautilus shows files and terminal doesn't

The directory /media/me/workspace1 contains all the files as per nautilus and is accessible without any issues. I have linked /tmp to /media/me/workspace/docker while setting up docker registry. After that permissions of tmp and /media/workspace/docker were the same(drwsrwsr-x). Also all the drives that were mounted while I linked tmp to /media/me/workspace/docker have the same permissions as of the workspace directory and all they have a renamed copy eg: drive1 for drive in /media/me directory. I can access these directories (eg:drive1) without any issues Thanks for the support :)


find/tar combination to backup certain files at one level, and all files in one subdirectory

globstar to the rescue?

shopt -s globstar
tar -cz archive.tar.gz file1 file2 subdir/**


How to boot to new, cloned SSD and not old, source HDD

You're probably correct... duplicate UUIDs.

You'll need to change the UUID on either the HDD or SSD, and edit your /etc/fstab.

disconnect the HDD
boot to the SSD

In terminal...

sudo blkid # to determine /dev/sdaN and old UUID for the Ubuntu partition
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bck # backup this file
sudo pico /etc/fstab # edit the fstab file
change UUID=the_old_UUID to read /dev/sdaN, where N is the number of the Ubuntu partition, for the boot drive mount

control+o # to save the edit
return # to confirm the filename
control+x # to exit the editor

reboot # to make sure it still boots properly

Boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD...

In terminal...

sudo blkid # to determine /dev/sdaN and old UUID for the Ubuntu partition
sudo uuidgen -t # generate a new time-based UUID (write down this new UUID)
sudo tune2fs -U new_UUID /dev/sdaN # using your own new UUID and /dev/sdaN numbers
reboot # to reboot to the SSD and confirm operation

Update #1: There's a slight possibility that the Ubuntu won't boot here, due to the UUID change, so you may have to edit the GRUB boot command once.

If so, at the GRUB menu...

highlight the appropriate Ubuntu boot selection
hit the e key to edit the GRUB command line
use the arrow keys and move to the line that contains "splash quiet"
manually change the old UUID to the new UUID you wrote down earlier
control+x to continue booting

Boot back into the SSD...

In terminal...

sudo blkid # to obtain the new UUID
sudo pico /etc/fstab # edit the file
change the /dev/sdaN, where N is the number of the Ubuntu partition, back to UUID=the_new_UUID, for the boot drive mount

control+o # to save the edit
return # to confirm the filename
control+x # to exit the editor

sudo update-grub # update grub
reboot # to make sure it still boots properly

Reinstall HDD if desired.


PostgreSQL missing /etc/postgresql folder?

The solution was to reinstall after purging the packages.

sudo apt-get remove --purge postgresql-8.4

then

sudo apt-get install postgresql-8.4