I can't install skype no matter what i do

Make sure your system is 64-bit. You cannot install Skype on a 32-bit OS.
Make sure your system is up to date before installing.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y

Be sure you're using the latest Skype for Linux.
Try installing using sudo dpkg -i skypeforlinux-64.deb in terminal.


Follow the link below. This will solve your problem. I have done same step on yesterday. Please also tell version of OS.

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

and insert below line in it

deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian xenial contrib

then run command sudo apt-get update

then below command

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r) build-essential virtualbox-5.1 dkms

then follow below link

https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/running-virtual-machines-with-virtualbox-5.1-on-a-headless-ubuntu-16.04-lts-server/


This question's been asked before and recently been answered with the solution, https://askubuntu.com/a/1058132/854773.

To sum up the solution:
1. Edit your grub file: sudo gedit /etc/default/grub
2. Place in the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT string: intel_idle.max_cstate=4
3. Update the grub: update-grub
4. Reboot your machine for the changes to take effect.

If you're wondering what the grub line should roughly look like after you edit it, here's an example of mine: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash intel_idle.max_cstate=4"
This is with no other alteration.

I'm not in the know of what's exactly happening, but it seems that Ubuntu doesn't yet know how to distribute power properly to the screen when trying to energy save on a 4K laptop monitor. This problem is seen in both C-State 5 and 6, rc5 and rc6 respectively, which is why we limit it to C-State 4 via the intel_idle.max_cstate=4.

Resources:
- https://gist.github.com/wmealing/2dd2b543c4d3cff6cab7 General users guide to C-States
- https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/power-management-states-p-states-c-states-and-package-c-states Intel's intro to  P-States and C-States


Glib.h error while trying to compile an application

I solved it. The issue was i didn't have installed the gsettings-desktop-schemas-dev  package.


So as Marty suggested, I switched from the latest and greatest 331.38 nVidia drivers to the legacy 304.117 drivers and it seems to have fixed the crashing! :)


Download the trusty image
Flash it on a CD drive or USB drive
boot into the CD or USB
Select Replace installation and wait
Enjoy all packages wich all aren't broken


Batch Renaming regardless of file extension

I think I'd do

shopt -s nullglob

cd Folder

n=1
for file in *.*; do
  printf -v newfile 'Renamed_%04d.%s' $((n++)) "${file##*.}"
  echo mv -- "$file" "$newfile"
done
mv -- EBUFEWO.png Renamed_0001.png
mv -- file.jpg Renamed_0002.jpg
mv -- otherFile.jpg Renamed_0003.jpg

(echo added for testing purposes). Alternatively, with the perl-based prename

cd Folder
prename -n 'our $n; s/(.*)\.(.*)$/sprintf "Renamed_%04d.%s", ++$n, $2/e' *.*
EBUFEWO.png renamed as Renamed_0001.png
file.jpg renamed as Renamed_0002.jpg
otherFile.jpg renamed as Renamed_0003.jpg

(-n added for testing purposes).


How do I get the latest content of a .deb file without downloading redundant data?

Currently I am following this procedure.

Log into my Koding cloud space.
Fire-up a terminal there and download the package's deb file using apt-get download.
Extract the downloaded .deb file using dpkg-deb -R <deb-file> . to get the content of the file.
Move the contents to a suitable directory. For example, /home/anwarshah/contents
In local pc, Extract the old deb's content in a directory, preferably in a directory with same remote name i.e contents.
Use rsync to synchronize the contents

rsync -a -i -h -v -c <myusername@myusername>.koding.io:/home/<myusername>/contents/ /home/anwar/contents/

Now build the newly synched package using dpkg-deb

dpkg-deb --build /home/anwar/contents

A new .deb file will be created with name contents.deb. Rename this to standard package format using dpkg-name

dpkg-name contents.deb

Now I have the .deb file with latest contents without having to download extra redundant data. It was very helpful for large packages with multimedia data such as kde-wallpapers etc.

Alternative way

Find a cloud VM where you can download the .deb files.
Use zsyncmake to create a .deb.zsync file
Use zsync to download .deb file after making the file available to be downloaded. Make sure to read the zsync manual.

Zsync is a program similar to rsync, which aims to reduce the data needed for download for compressed files. It basically updates a large compressed file with the latest content of that compressed file from Internet. Ubuntu provides .iso.zsync for it's ISOs which is efficient to save some (around 35%) bandwidth, if you already have the ISO locally.


IPv6-enabled bridging without IPv6 addresses on the interfaces

I'm not sure what you are setting in sysctl.conf, but the settings in it should automatically be applied when you restart. You should be able to apply them right away with something like sudo sysctl -p
If you are having trouble with it not applying, you may need to specify the interface like this:
net.ipv6.conf.eth0.<something> = 0 instead of net.ipv6.conf.all.<something> = 0.

From what I understand, if you have IPv6 on you will have a link local address (but I could be wrong).


If it is disabled in BIOS you can not enable it in terminal. I had problem with my Lenovo laptop that did not have option for virtualization in BIOS and I had to update BIOS to get it enabled (I needed it for VirtualBox).


This is due to the screen failure, because the pc thinks the lid has been closed!
To solve this problem, edit this file:

 /etc/systemd/logind.conf

Uncomment the line: HandleLidSwitch=suspend and replace suspend with ignore like this: HandleLidSwitch=ignore, finally restart your system.

I hope this can help you!


There is no stable public API for uploading apps to the store, no. Soon, any uploaded packages will require the author to sign them with gpg as well. Automating signing of your packages in a CI, would mean you'd need a private key with no password, and getting that key into a CI system may mean needing to have it published in a public location, thus compromising the integrity of any signature.

Also, no, you cannot publish snap packages into PPAs. PPAs are for creating deb packages.


isc-dhcp-server disabling and configuring

It seems that you want to prevent running DHCP server after reboot. to do this action, you must update init scripts by update-rc.d:

sudo update-rc.d -f isc-dhcp-server remove

Upgrade

If you want to add DHCP Server to startup again, enter this command:

sudo update-rc.d isc-dhcp-server defaults


Installing Ubuntu from USB on ASUS E200HA

The ASUS E200HA has a UEFI-BIOS and not a traditional BIOS. As is described here

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI

only 64-bit versions of Ubuntu can boot from a stick with an UEFI-BIOS. As it happens, I tried only 32-bit versions. Now it works.


Installing 16.04 to an external usb hard drive

I faced the same problem with my Lenovo ideaPad Z50-75 Win10 OS. I was able to do the installation on my external USB HDD after disabling the secure boot and enabling legacy system from BIOS. I also installed the boot loader on the same external USB HDD. Updating Ubuntu sw (after installation) messed up the root system, which was easily fixed with initramfs fsck-command. However, if changing the boot order in BIOS the system could not read the Win OS HDD (a SATA drive in my case). The other problem was that I could not connect to internet via wifi (probably something to do with Broadcom driver and USB HDD connection). The wired connection worked fine. One more problem was that the Ubuntu boot loader could not start Win OS (pointing to wrong address ...). Removing the installation is no problem: you can delete the Ubuntu boot loader from BIOS for example with easyUEFI (free sw). After that you can return the BIOS settings to original values and everything should work fine with Win OS.


Canon MP210 printer: cannot install driver on Ubuntu 20.04

I have solved the problem by installing package printer-driver-gutenprint.
This package has the majority of the older printer drivers.
Go to the terminal (CTRL+ALT+T) and copy the following line:
sudo apt-get install printer-driver-gutenprint


How to set Vim keyboard mapping for start of command

Here is a good place to use abbreviations. From :h abbreviations

2. Abbreviations            *abbreviations* *Abbreviations*

Abbreviations are used in Insert mode, Replace mode and Command-line mode.
If you enter a word that is an abbreviation, it is replaced with the word it
stands for.  This can be used to save typing for often used long words.  And
you can use it to automatically correct obvious spelling errors.
Examples:

    :iab ms Microsoft
    :iab tihs this

The convenient thing about abbreviations instead of mappings is that they will only be triggered if the entire word is your abbreviation.

I would recommend running:

:cnoreabbrev we w\|e

I have tested this, and I can confirm that the substitution:

:s/answer/42

is still typable without being expanded to :s/answ|er/42. Be warned though, this approach isn't entirely foolproof! You can still run into issues sometimes. For example, typing

:let foo = "we"

is expanded to

:let foo = "w|e"


do I have to download a full 800-900 MB setup or only a smaller specific upgrade?

It is hard to say. The upgrade process will calculate how much needs to be downloaded.

It may be larger, if you have installed some application X (where X is any application) that was at version n in the Saucy repository and is at version n+1 in the Trusty repository, then an upgrade will download that as well. If you do a fresh install, you will need to download that application X separately and install it again.

It may be smaller, if you uninstall some of the default applications in Ubuntu 13.10 that you don't need, such as Mahjong etc. Those applications won't be upgraded to the newer versions that will come with 14.04. There are some downsides to upgrade.

As @user205301 has pointed out. You can also upgrade from the LiveDVD/USB. This option will keep your /home folder and all the data in it while removing some (if not all) of the user installed applications X.

Hope this helps


How do you make sure that new hostname is successfully broadcast to the network?

You certainly need to change /etc/hosts to reflect that change.

Look at How do I change the hostname without a restart?


Does Ubuntu do this out of the box?

Ubuntu will automatically turn on Physical Address Extension (PAE) if it is available; otherwise it will not even install.
Wikipedia, important parts (see the link for more):

In computing, Physical Address Extension (PAE) is a memory management feature for the IA-32 architecture, first introduced in the Pentium Pro. It defines a page table hierarchy of three levels, with table entries of 64 bits each instead of 32, allowing these CPUs to access a physical address space larger than 4 gigabytes (232 bytes).
Linux
The Linux kernel includes full PAE mode support starting with version 2.3.23,enabling access of up to 64 GB of memory on 32-bit machines. A PAE-enabled Linux kernel requires that the CPU also support PAE. The Linux kernel supports PAE as a build option and major distributions provide a PAE kernel either as the default or as an option.
Linux distributions now commonly use a PAE-enabled kernel as the default, a trend that began in 2009. As of 2012 many, including Red Hat Enterprise Linux / CentOS, Ubuntu have stopped distributing non-PAE kernels, thus making PAE hardware mandatory.


Wired connection problem Ubuntu 14.04 LTS


Ubuntu 20.04 Mono CSC Compile Not Working

I think the command is mono-csc hello.cs. Those websites seem to be wrong for Ubuntu. Suppose this was a way to resolve a naming conflict with chicken-bin package.


Ubuntu Boot Error:Kernel Image not found

You don't really need unetbootin any longer. You can write the ISO directly to USB using dd for Windows

Remove all USB drives that you have installed except the one you want to install the Ubuntu ISO to before running the below command to avoid the possibility of overwriting other drives.

You would want to use a command like this (IT WILL ERASE YOUR USB DRIVE, BACK UP ANYTHING YOU WANT TO KEEP FIRST):

dd.exe --filter=removable if=C:\path\to\ubuntu.iso of=\\?\\Device\\Harddisk1\\Partition0

The exact directive you need the Harddisk portion of of= is highly dependant on your computer configuration. If you want to see the list of devices, use dd.exe --list. You'll want to look for an entry that has "Removable media other than floppy. Block size = 512". You always want to use Partition0 though. Also, be sure you keep the --filter=removable part of the command to avoid overwriting your internal hard drives.


Update grub menu entries to correctly point to old OS installations

I am not sure at what point this issue was fixed as I did all of the following before testing.

Run update-grub on newly installed Ubuntu
Run update-grub on older Ubuntu installation
Checked BIOS settings
Flashed latest bios
Reset bios settings
Set all settings back to what they were before reset (UEFI instead of legacy, etc..)

I don't see why the BIOS update would have an impact as the only item in the changelog is: "Update CPU Microcode for Intel security issue.".
So my best guess is: step 2 fixed the problem.


Gnome terminal: how to get the existing title?

if xdotool is installed:

sudo apt-get install xdotool

and assuming the current session's window is in front (since the command needs to be typed), just run:

xdotool getactivewindow getwindowname

How to get the current session's title without installing additional software

If you'd like to do it without installing anything additional, you can use:

xprop -id $(xprop -root 32x '\t$0' _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW | cut -f 2) _NET_WM_NAME | awk -F\" '{ print $2 }'

(xprop is installed by default)

Or only using xprop and awk:

xprop -id $(xprop -root _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW | awk '{ print $NF }') _NET_WM_NAME | awk -F\" '{ print $2 }'

explanation:

to get the active window (line) with xprop:

xprop -root _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW

to extract the window id (which is the last string of the line):

awk '{ print $NF }'

then produce the line with the window name, by the produced id:

xprop -id $(xprop -root _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW | awk '{ print $NF }') _NET_WM_NAME

Finally, split the produced line by the delimiter ", produce the second section:

awk -F\" '{ print $2 }'

Edit

Or, the other way around, only using xpropand cut, as suggested by @Hannu (slightly faster):

xprop -id $(xprop -root 32x '\t$0' _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW | cut -f2) _NET_WM_NAME | cut -d'"' -f2


By your screenshots, I am able to see that you are also using the Unity scroll-bar overlay. This unfortunately has a known bug with this theme and package.

Use sudo apt-get remove overlay-scrollbar* to remove the overlay-scrollbars from the system and it should resolve this issue.


MAC addresses belong to network adapters, not computers.  Your computer has a wireless interface (wlan0) and a wired interface (eth0).  Each has its own MAC address.

If you're connected to a wired network, the MAC address that everyone else sees is the first one.  If you're on wireless, it's the second one.


"No Launchpad project set" when running "quickly submitubuntu"

I was having a dependency error which I worked around by using the steps in the accepted answer here.

In my case, it was easier to manually update the ppa, so if you are having issues with your source.changes being rejected or failing to be compiled by launchpad from a "submitubuntu" command, consider following the post linked above.


replacing text between brackets from text in file

Really it would be better to use a tool that understands your (almost-but-not-quite JSON?) file format.
However I think what you want is
sed -e '/^"instance": \[/,/^]/{/^"instance": \[/{p;r /root/home/inst.txt' -e '};/^]/!d}' code

That is:

match the range of lines between ^"instance": \[ and ^] (note that I added start-of-line anchors; you may decide these are not necessary)

print the first line of the range, then read and queue the contents of inst.txt for insertion at the end of the cycle

delete lines in the range excluding the terminating ]

Splitting the expression with -e prevents the };/^]/!d} portion from being treated as part of the file name to be read.


How to burn an Ubuntu ISO image on a DVD on Ubuntu?

Insert a blank DVD into your burner. A CD/DVD Creator, Choose Disc Type or Blank Disc window might pop up. Close this, because you will not be using it.

(Click image to enlarge)

16.04 and later no longer comes with a CD/DVD burner, so install Brasero Disc Burner. Open the terminal and type:
 sudo apt install brasero

Open Brasero and click on the Burn image button.

Select the ISO you downloaded in the Select a disc image to write box and your DVD drive in the Select a disc to write to box and click the Burn button.

(Click image to enlarge)

Once the DVD is burned, you can restart your computer and try or install Ubuntu.

(Click image to enlarge)


WoW runs faster on GNOME Shell compared to Unity

You may need to disable Compiz before you play games, it eats up quite a few FPS this however will leave you with no Unity at all, so if you wish to play games use Unity 2D instead.


Can't connect facebook to online accounts in 13.04

There's a bug filed for this issue: https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1180297

The root cause is that Facebook redirects to an insecure HTTP page during the authentication process, and for security reasons we don't allow that. The same problem appeared in February, and then Facebook was quick to fix it in a few days. Now it seems it's taking longer, but I'm still hopeful.


Copy last line of a local file onto a file on a remote server

From server1, assuming that user has appropriate permissions to write to the file:
tail -n 1 /opt/users.txt | ssh user@server2 'cat - >> /opt/users.txt'


How to connect external microphone to ASUS laptop with Combo jack

A $6 hardware solution: Get a 4-pole plug to dual jack adapter cable.

https://www.showmecables.com/headset-mic-breakout-cable-3-5mm-trrs-female-to-dual-3-5mm-trs-stereo-male-6-in

https://www.amazon.com/KOKKIA-MicAudio_Splitter-microphone-separate-headphone/dp/B01MSU25UK

https://www.amazon.com/Kingtop-Adapter-Tablet-Headsets-Version/dp/B01I3A47I4/ref=asc_df_B01I3A47I4/


xrandr settings changed. Display now won't run

It seems that xrandr permanently made a new settings file in

~/.kde/share/apps/kscreen

The old one was still available so I backed up the folder and deleted the newest settings file and everything works again.


Getting error while installing ubuntu landscape

Do you have landscape-server installed? Note it's proprietary software and not available in the ubuntu archive.  It has to be purchased.


How to prevent mouse pointer from getting in the way of keyboard-only navigation?

There’s no way to truly remove mouse pointer. X server requires at least one to be present.

So I ended up with using xdotool to move the cursor to bottom right corner of the desktop. I wrapped it into scrip called “nomouseplease”, which I execute upon X start:

xdotool mousemove 10000 10000


Which Juju's OpenStack Charms am I using (Community or Canonical)?

Ubuntu OpenStack: the Canonical distribution deploys OpenStack in Canonical's reference architecture. The mechanism through which you install OpenStack uses Landscape to talk to MAAS and Juju and deploy the charms in that architecture. You get added benefit from Landscape doing the work because it helps you monitor your OpenStack setup after it's installed.

By following the instructions on the help site, you've got an OpenStack install, but it's in the architecture that you've defined.

In short: you don't have the Canonical distribution.


Thats easy!

put the new HDD in the laptop

Download a Ubutnu image:
http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop

install it on a usb:
http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-mac-osx

If you can't boot from USB, make a CD. (usually not necessary.)

(Assuming you want to install Ubuntu, not Winblows)

Install Ubuntu the normal way. When it asks for partitions, make a big linux one (EXT4) and a small Swap space one. (Like 4gb or so.)


own libertine container in the custom directory or partition

Before our actions we should have SD card with ext2/3/4 partition. In Ubuntu Touch it can be represented as /dev/mmcblk1p2 (in my case). If we want permanent mounting, we can’t use /etc/fstab/ but we can use /lib/init/fstab as I pointed in answer there. Permanent mounting of SD in Ubuntu Touch is not convenient and not stable. Sometimes, because of error in file system on ext2 partition, I had got problems with booting of Ubuntu Touch. Perhaps, shooting down of device doesn't perform dismounting correctly. So, I decided to mount SD card and to use Libertine container on it from time to time.

At first, I created new container with name sd-container as usual in internal disk space: /home/phablet/.cache/libertine-container/sd-container. Then, I mounted ext2 partition on SD with such command:

sudo mount /dev/mmcblk1p2 /home/phablet/mnt/sd -t ext2 -o defaults,noatime,nodiratime,errors=remount-ro

then I made directory /home/phablet/mnt/sd/sd-container/ and made copy of rootfs of sd-container to  ext2 partition on SD:

cd /home/phablet/.cache/libertine-container/sd-container
rsync -aAXvH ./ /home/phablet/mnt/sd/sd-container/

After this preparing I made script to mount  ext2 partition on SD and to bind rootfs (sdgo.sh):

#!/bin/sh
sudo mount /dev/mmcblk1p2 /home/phablet/mnt/sd -t ext2 -o defaults,noatime,nodiratime,errors=remount-ro
sudo mount --bind  /home/phablet/mnt/sd/sd-container/rootfs /home/phablet/.cache/libertine-container/sd-container/rootfs
restart unity8-dash

and script to stop playng with this (sdstop.sh):

#!/bin/sh
sudo umount /home/phablet/.cache/libertine-container/sd-container/rootfs
sudo umount /dev/mmcblk1p2
restart unity8-dash

Finally, after I run sdgo.sh unity8-dash restarts, and I can see new SD-container scope and its applications under Desktop App Scope. I can run or install new applications as usual. But rootfs of this container is situated on SD card! When I want to stop I run sdstop.sh and SD-container scope disappears. And small original rootfs (hidden by this binding) remains on internal disk space without changes.

Conclusion: I have rootfs of Libertine container on SD card and possibility to switch on/off it and its scope when I want.


What is the difference between sudo and sudo -H?

The difference comes when e.g. gedit writes a preference file or something similar to $HOME when it is closed. Many programs do that.

When you run

sudo gedit ...

then $HOME is still set to your home directory (say /home/singrium) and gedit will write its settings there but the preferences file will then be owned by root. This might make it difficult to run gedit as your user afterwards because then gedit cannot write its settings due to a lack of permissions.

When you instead run

sudo -H gedit ...

then $HOME will be set to root's home directory (usually /root) and gedit will write its preferences file there without affecting your account.


Single quotes '...' are different to dollar single quotes $'...'. The former doesn't support any backslashing, while the latter uses the ANSI C specification.


It starts the boot image (usplash) KDE/Lubuntu in Ubuntu 12.04

Ubuntu no longer uses usplash as it now uses Plymouth.

To restore Ubuntu start up theme you need to uninstall the KDE/Lubuntu themes.

sudo apt-get remove plymouth-theme-lubuntu-logo
sudo apt-get remove plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo

That should do it.

If not run

sudo apt-get install plymouth-theme-ubuntu-logo

Hope this helps someone.


Can't open .jpg files extracted from an .iso, what to do?

Judging from the error reported by the image viewer, I would say that the files are probably either corrupt or they're not really JPEG files.

What is the result of:

file the_file_name.jpg

The answer will likely be the actual type of the file.


Unable to login to bash after editing .bash_profile

I think I need an award for this.

Not knowing ubuntu also has a .profile by default I've edited source .profile to the end of .bashrc

=> ∞

Profile called bashrc, who called profile which called bashrc.... ...
facepalm

I managed to find this loop via logging execution of .profile. Adding well placed echo "including X/finding Y" revealed always the same pattern: [...] echo "include .bashrc" which brought me to mischievous source .profile-line :)


Ctrl + Alt + P restore from maximization shortcut, how to disable it?

Install UNITY TWEAK TOOL and go to "Window Snapping" and disable it. This will resolve the problem.

http://launchpad.net/unity-tweak-tool
http://github.com/freyja-dev/unity-tweak-tool
ppa:freyja-dev/unity-tweak-tool-daily


How do I know the cache-line settings of my Ubuntu 14.04?

On x86 cache lines are 64 bytes.  The lstopo tool will show you the L1/L2/L3 cache sizes (including data and instruction cache sizes).


-bash: syntax error near unexpected token `&'

I think what you are trying to do is run these commands:

sudo chown -hRf webadmin:www-data /web/repertoire &&
sudo ln -s /web/repertoire /var/www/html/repertoire &&
sudo chown -hRf webadmin:www-data /var/www/html/repertoire &&
sudo ls -al /var/www/html/

The && means "run the next command only if the previous one was successful". It isn't actually needed as such. Also, the second chown command is pointless. The directory /var/www/html/repertoire is a link to /web/repertoire and since you have already changed the ownerhip of the target, there's no point in changing it for the link as well. It has already been changed (that's the point of a link). So, what you really wanted to do is:

sudo chown -hRf webadmin:www-data /web/repertoire
sudo ln -s /web/repertoire /var/www/html/repertoire
sudo ls -al /var/www/html/


You have first to try another driver from jockey, if it does not work then you can use ndisgtkif you have your wireless driver for windows this program will create a driver for linux starting from Windows driver,
if it does not work you can see this for detecting you wireless card then download the driver from here

or finally if those does not work try this sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer or this sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-lpphy-installer in the command line


Ubuntu has link-local multicast DNS enabled by default using Avahi. This is a short version of my answer on pretty much the same question on UL. This is a way completely independent on how your local network was set up, so this should work in most cases, even if you're not using a local DNS server on the machines.

I'm assuming both hosts here are in the same LAN (layer 2 network segment). In most set ups there's just one of it in a home network and both wireless and wired are connected at layer 2.

Suppose one host is called host1 and the other host2, then you should be able to talk to each other using host1.local and host2.local. That's it.

But, how does this relate to regular name resolving? .local is "special" and your Ubuntu system is configured to try mDNS as well:

cat /etc/nsswitch.conf
hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4

Check your hostname configuration in /etc/hostname for this. It should be a single word and you've assigned it during the installation of Ubuntu.


Use this simple steps in a terminal:

cd

for 64-bit:

wget -c http://repo.continuum.io/miniconda/Miniconda-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh

for 32-bit

wget -c http://repo.continuum.io/miniconda/Miniconda-latest-Linux-x86.sh

I will now refer to the 64-bit version.

chmod +x Miniconda-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh
./Miniconda-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh

The following steps you have to go through:

Welcome to Miniconda 3.10.1 (by Continuum Analytics, Inc.)

In order to continue the installation process, please review the license
agreement.
Please, press ENTER to continue
>>>

Enter

read the license (or not ;)) and

Q

then type yes

Do you approve the license terms? [yes|no]
[no] >>> yes

accept the path or enter a new path

Miniconda will now be installed into this location:
/home/<your_username>/miniconda

  - Press ENTER to confirm the location
  - Press CTRL-C to abort the installation
  - Or specify a different location below

[/home/<your_username>/miniconda] >>>

Enter

PREFIX=/home/<your_username>/miniconda
installing: python-2.7.9-3 ...
installing: conda-env-2.1.4-py27_0 ...
installing: openssl-1.0.1k-1 ...
installing: pycosat-0.6.1-py27_0 ...
installing: pyyaml-3.11-py27_0 ...
installing: readline-6.2-2 ...
installing: requests-2.6.0-py27_0 ...
installing: sqlite-3.8.4.1-1 ...
installing: system-5.8-2 ...
installing: tk-8.5.18-0 ...
installing: yaml-0.1.4-0 ...
installing: zlib-1.2.8-0 ...
installing: conda-3.10.1-py27_0 ...
Python 2.7.9 :: Continuum Analytics, Inc.
creating default environment...
installation finished.
Do you wish the installer to prepend the Miniconda install location
to PATH in your /home/<your_username>/.bashrc ? [yes|no]
[no] >>>

type yes

Prepending PATH=/home/<your_username>/miniconda/bin to PATH in /home/<your_username>/.bashrc
A backup will be made to: /home/<your_username>/.bashrc-miniconda.bak

For this change to become active, you have to open a new terminal.

Thank you for installing Miniconda!

Thats all.

Close your terminal and restart or source /home/<your_username>/.bashrc

Start conda and you will see something like this:

$ conda
usage: conda [-h] [-V] command ...

conda is a tool for managing and deploying applications, environments and
packages.

positional arguments:

[...]

Now you can start with eg. installing numpy:

conda install numpy


I had to edit /etc/samba/smb.conf and add a wins server address of my router...

# WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client
# Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both
;   wins server = w.x.y.z
    wins server = 192.168.0.1


zsh man page documentation missing in packages?

Unfortunately, this is a bug affecting Ubuntu 13.10 and 14.04:

Bug #1242108: all zsh manpages are missing

It looks like the only thing we can do about it right now is to get the man pages from the source. Get the appropriate version of the source code from sourceforge (for Ubuntu 14.04 you need version 5.0.2, otherwise check using zsh --version) then extract and copy them into place with:

tar xvf zsh-5.0.2.tar.bz2 zsh-5.0.2/Doc/
sudo cp zsh-5.0.2/Doc/*.1 /usr/share/man/man1/


Server error everytime there is a php error

If you're looking to debug your php code you'll want to run tail -f /var/log/apache2/error.log this will have detailed information about why the 500 error was triggered.

Here is an example from my error log that recently threw a 500 error

  [Sun Sep 11 22:54:16 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] PHP Fatal error: Call to a member function sql_query() on a non-object in /home/marco/Projects/Ondina/cp/apps/domains/databases.d.php on line 170

This shows the file source that threw the error, the line, and the exact error message. From those three variables you should be able to locate and fix any issues with your code.


VirtualBox Extension Pack for 14.04.1 LTS (Virtualbox 4.3.10)

I found it after a bit more digging...

http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/4.3.10/Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.3.10-93012.vbox-extpack


Font looking Ugly after changing size and not recovering

To improve your fonts you need 2 things:

1) Choose fonts

You can search online for fonts recommendation or download the ubuntu fonts.

Some fonts are high dpi fonts and they render with more pixel at high resolutions.

I personally use use this fonts configuration, but before I was using DejaVu Sans Mono which is high-Dpi compatible

2) Use High-Dpi fonts on a High-Dpi screen

If you are running 4k (or also on a normal screen), you can open tweak tool and select font tab to increase the scaling factor.

Increasing the scaling factor will increase your font size and change the windows proportions. Everytime you increase the font-factor you need to increase your screen resolution or decrease the font-size.

Even if I had a full-hd monitor (1080p, not 4k), I was able to increase my resolution up to 5000pixels with xrand

Ubuntu is not really high-dpi compatible like mac, and many application will have UI issues (I experienced problems with chrome, mozilla, spotify ..etc.)..

Some application will display too small at 4k resolutions and some other apps will display too big at normal resolution, high-dpi and smaller text sizes.

If you want to try this discussion explains how to configure high-dpi for every ubuntu application, while this other discussion explains how to increase resolution with xrand

If you fall in love with high dpi and the beautiful fonts, you may consider switching to a Linux Distribution compatible with High-Dpi


Restart desktop without losing programs?

On Xubuntu 20.04 at least, the command
xfwm4 --replace &

did the trick for me.


You may be facing a dangerous situation. A large number of Toshiba laptops were sold with batteries that could overheat causing a burn hazard and possibly catch fire. Please for your own safety check to see if you have one of these batteries!

The affected battery packs included in this recall have part numbers that begin with G71C (G71C*******). Part numbers are printed on the battery pack. A complete list of battery pack part numbers included in this recall can be found on Toshiba’s website.
The laptops directly affected by the recall, (Portege, Satellite, and Tecra laptops, sold between June 2011 through Nov. 2016.)

Note: Toshiba cautions that other computers may be affected if their owners purchased extra battery packs or had their batteries replaced during servicing.

Edit: If your issue isn't caused by an inflammatory battery your issue is likely being caused by lying to the kernel. issue the command sudo gedit /etc/default/grub and change
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi=!Windows 2012" to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux"

Edit: Based on your comment regarding Windows it sounds to me like you want to have easy control over performance vs. power saving. See my answer here The choice that corresponds to Windows Battery Optimized is Powersave

Sources:

https://www.cpsc.gov/Recalls/2017/Toshiba-Expands-Recall-of-Laptop-Computer-Battery-Packs

https://consumerist.com/2017/01/04/toshiba-adds-83k-laptop-batteries-to-recall-over-continued-overheating-burn-hazards/

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootOptions#Common_Kernel_Options


Why Ubuntu 13.04 cannot keep some shortcut configuration?

You can use the command line to change the setting like this:

gconftool-2 -s /apps/metacity/window_keybindings/close -t string "<Control>q"

This should change the setting a keep it through a reboot. I have not tested it myself but if it does not work you can always add the command to your your startup commands.

One way to do this is to add the command to your /etc/rc.local file.
Add the above command to the file just before the exit 0 entry. Make sure that the file ends with exit 0.


Don't panic! you were installing an application which it might was trying to update your grub and you just canceled it, that's it!

by using this:

sudo dd bs=512 count=1 if=/dev/sda 2>/dev/null | strings

you can see the first 512 bytes of the device, result would be something like this:

ZRr=
`|f
\|f1
GRUB
Geom
Hard Disk
Read
 Error

you can see the Grube is there

p.s: you may need to change the value of "sda" based on your hard drive partitions.


you can use "gparted" which is very easy to use and convenient for such tasks and needs,
  But you need to know that generally partitions' sizes is increased or reduced from their ends by trimming or appending some of the FREE space after it. So take a look at your partitions layout in gparted and you will know if you can expand ubuntu partition, and this is done only by  booting on live edition (you will find gparted shipped with standard ubuntu live cd )


Yet another Dual boot issue Win7x64 and 12.10

Have you try to view your hdd with the Disks manager? If you simply cannot see your Win7 on the Grub boot menu, I have discussed some methods my blog which might help:

By using boot-fix:
http://linuxtecsun.blogspot.com/2013/01/how-to-fix-multi-boot-lost-of-any-os.html

Manual edit:
http://linuxtecsun.blogspot.com/2013/01/how-to-fix-multi-boot-fedora-gone-after.html

Below is a Win7 entry if you want to edit manually:

menuentry 'Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)' --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-chain-D4665DF6665DD9B6' {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ntfs
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1  D4665DF6665DD9B6
else
  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root D4665DF6665DD9B6
fi
chainloader +1
}


I just tried, and I couldn't duplicate.  It could have something to do with your video driver. Try

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Once that is done try aging to grab the image, and see if the problem goes away.

Screenshot is good, but I would suggest that you use Shutter.  Shutter gives you m ore control over captured images, among other thing, like adding a text box, arrow, etc.  To install Shutter, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install shutter


Will Unity 2D continue using metacity or will it use compiz?

According to packages dependencies, this is not true: http://packages.ubuntu.com/oneiric/unity-2d


"Date and Time Settings" GUI in Ubuntu 14.04 is not working?

That error message is odd. It does not find a key which indeed exists in one of the files belonging to the indicator-datetime package. This command reinstalls the package:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall indicator-datetime

Also, it should be noted that in Ubuntu 14.04 it's unity-control-center to open System Settings from command line, not gnome-control-center. It should be possible to have both the packages installed, but based on my experience there is a risk for conflicts/confusion. So I would recommend that the gnome-control-center package is uninstalled.


You just need to make a symbolic link to the installation in your server root. Mine is in /var/www/ (though check your DocumentRoot as default is often /var/www/html) so:

sudo ln -s /usr/share/phpmyadmin/ /var/www/phpmyadmin

After that, you'll be able to access trough localhost:

http://localhost/phpmyadmin

As for why is not installed by default in its right location, or the installer creates a symbolic link itself, I have no idea...


Can I run an application (notes - reminders previously) from Ubuntu touch on Ubuntu 15.10?

Where does the app run?

Your question whether this app can be used on Ubuntu 15.10 or just on Ubuntu Touch can be answered with the fact that in general it can run on both the desktop version and the tablet version, and on Ubuntu 15.04 the app works just fine (I ran the app today on 15.04) and on my bq Aquaris (which should be running Ubuntu Touch 15.04) it is running to.

However, on Ubuntu 15.10 it crashes and on launchpad there is a bug report for notes-app describing the problem of not being able to launch the app on desktop.

Generalization

In general however, Ubuntu Touch apps can be run on the desktop, if one has the required libraries of Ubuntu Touch installed, which should be possible in most cases.

Launching using an terminal

You said that you tried to start the app in the terminal, however that you failed. The reason is that the apps are a set of QML and similiar files, not typical compiled elf binaries, which must be interpreted by an compatible program. To run the app in terminal, you can either use gtk-launch which launches the application using its *.desktop files. The commands for the apps you named would be

$ gtk-launch com.ubuntu.reminders
$ gtk-launch notes-app

or you can directly use the interpreter qmlscene, e.g.

$ qmlscene /usr/share/notes-app/NotesApp.qml

I hope I could help you with this answer, and that the answer is acceptable. Sadly I don't know a simple solution to your problem, nor do I use the the apps much, so I can't help much.


To run a script at startup, before login, you would edit /etc/rc.local and add your commands.

Just add this line:

/etc/init.d/disableKeyboard.sh

One line above the line:

exit 0

# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.

# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution bits.


How can I upgrade major Kubuntu versions by command line?

sudo do-release-upgrade -d

I used this to upgrade to 14.10, and it worked fine, including allowing me to respond to prompts such as in the question above.


White text on white background in smartgit

I removed the unpacked version of smartgit and installed the deb package instead.

This fixed the problem and all looks fine.

I just had to reinsert my licence file.


What tool adds unlimited clipboard and searchable retrieval?

Diodon (a clipboard manager) has a search feature.

Give it a try ;)


Let's check and repair your file system...
At the boot error message...
Hit the ENTER key to enter maintenance mode.
If you reach an initramfs prompt, type:
fsck -f /dev/sda2

If you reach a # prompt, type:
sudo fsck -f /dev/sda2

Then type:
reboot

Update #1:

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB in “Try Ubuntu” mode
open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
type sudo fdisk -l
identify the /dev/sdXX device name for your "Linux Filesystem"
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sda2, replacing sdXX with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot


Maybe download source tar.gz on usb & compile, but this is not user freindly, if you want to remove them, or download already build .deb & use dpkg -i, but this is not the most secure way to do, depending from where you grab them. Prefer to download tar.gz & build you own .deb instead.

I wonder why you dont have internet on desktop ?
pci, pcie or usb wifi or cable network adaptaters arent so much expensive today.


If you have nvidia proprietary drivers installed , then you need to blaclist nouveau driver.

or try this.

go to the terminal and remove the xorg.conf file using the command:

sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf

see if that helps.


Removing Evolution Mail related options on top-panel

sudo apt-get remove evolution-indicator that will do it


How to get the non-file rightclick menu when files is in list view?

You can get the right-click menu relative to the folder by right-clicking the folder in the "breadcrumbs" header.


Hibernation does not work, but what are my alternatives?

You can set up your user account to suspend on critical battery level using this terminal command:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power critical-battery-action suspend

Instead of suspend, these other actions would also be available: blank (screen off), shutdown, hibernate (if enabled and supported), interactive (you will get a pop-up asking you what to do), nothing and logout.

You find out the currently set critical battery charge percentage using the command

gsettings get org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power percentage-critical

To modify this value, (set to 10% in this example), run a command like that:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power percentage-critical 10


You have to convert rpm into deb to do that, just copy all the commands below and paste it on your terminal one by one

sudo apt-get install csh tcsh libaudiofile-dev libglw1-mesa elfutils gamin libglw1-mesa-dev mesa-utils xfstt ttf-liberation ttf-mscorefonts-installer xfonts-100dpi xfonts-75dpi alien
sudo mkdir /usr/tmp
sudo chmod 777 /usr/tmp
sudo alien -cv *.rpm
sudo dpkg -i *.deb
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so.5.2.0 /usr/autodesk/maya2016/lib/libtiff.so.3
sudo apt-get install libssl1.0.0 libssl-dev
sudo ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.0.0 /usr/autodesk/maya2016/lib/libcrypto.so.10
sudo ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.1.0.0 /usr/autodesk/maya2016/lib/libssl.so.10
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/Autodesk/Adlm/R11/lib64/
chmod +x setup
sudo ./setup

After this you will put your serial number and all, at the end it will still show you error, same error by you have already installed those packages, so it wont matter.
sudo /usr/autodesk/maya2016/bin/maya
and at the end
I'm stuck at this error
"/usr/autodesk/maya2016/bin/maya.bin: error while loading shared libraries: libtiff.so.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory"
Its a dependency error and i am trying to solve this one, no luck so far.
if you find can go further, don't forget to post here :)


As far as I know, a 64-bit system is capable to run on all processors, but for Ubuntu I would recommend to use the 32-bit OS, because it is more stable and better supported.


Followed Thomas' advice. It did the trick. I installed php7.0-mysql. It told me I already had the most up-to-date package. I restarted Apache anyway and all was well.

sudo systemctl restart apache2.service

It may be because I installed Apache before php and never restarted Apache after php install.  Restart fixed it.


Nautilus can set desktop wallpaper. How can it set login and lock screen wallpaper?

After using Nautilus to navigate and view an appropriate .png or .jpg file to use as login screen and lock screen wallpaper, Nautilus can set this for you using a script:

Note: In Ubuntu 18.04 only the lock screen wallpaper is changed. A different technique will be required to change the login wallpaper.

To create the script use:

cd ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/
gedit set-login-wallpaper

Paste in these lines:

#!/bin/bash

## Set login wallpaper

# strip new line char passed by Nautilus
FILENAME=$(echo $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS | sed -e 's/\r//g')

# Multiple files can't be selected.
LINE_COUNT=$(wc -l <<< "$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS")
LINE_COUNT=$((LINE_COUNT-1))

if [[ $LINE_COUNT > 1 ]] ; then
    zenity --error --text "Ony one file can be selected at a time! "
    exit 1
fi

# Object type must be "file..." (ie no directories, etc.)
if [ -d "${FILENAME}" ] ; then
    zenity --error --text "$FILENAME is a directory!";
    exit 1
else
    if [ -f "${FILENAME}" ]; then
        : # Bash noop
    else
        zenity --error --text "${FILENAME} is not a file!";
        exit 2
    fi
fi

# Build working file in /tmp
echo "[com.canonical.unity-greeter]" > /tmp/set-login-wallpaper.tmp
echo "draw-user-backgrounds=false" >> /tmp/set-login-wallpaper.tmp
echo "background='$FILENAME'" >> /tmp/set-login-wallpaper.tmp

# Must run as sudo
if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ] ; then

    # Get sudo password
    PASSWORD=$(zenity --password --title="Set Login Wallpaper" --timeout=20)

    # copy working file to real file using sudo
    echo $PASSWORD | sudo -S cp /tmp/set-login-wallpaper.tmp \
/usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/10_unity_greeter_background.gschema.override

    # compile using sudo
    echo $PASSWORD | sudo -S glib-compile-schemas /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas

else
    # Already sudo so simply copy and compile
    # copy working file to real file
    cp /tmp/set-login-wallpaper.tmp \
/usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/10_unity_greeter_background.gschema.override

    # compile
    glib-compile-schemas /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas
fi

exit 0

Save the file and exit the gedit editor.

Now mark the script as executable using:

chmod +x set-login-wallpaper

Open Nautilus and navigate to your directory with wallpaper images. Find an appropriate image and right-click on it. This drop-down menu appears:

Click on the third option Scripts. Another drop down menu appears with all your scripts:

Select set-login-wallpaper.

When the script runs you will have to enter your sudo password.

Reboot and enjoy your new login wallpaper.


This also uses a for loop, albeit an awk for loop:

$ echo "e·ver·y·bo·dy" | awk -F· -v OFS=· '{print;for (i=NF;i>1;i--){$i="";print;NF--} }'
e·ver·y·bo·dy
e·ver·y·bo·
e·ver·y·
e·ver·
e·

Alternate version from short to long

$ echo 'e·ver·y·bo·dy' | awk -F· -v OFS=· '{for (i=1;i<=NF;i++){for (j=1;j<=i;j++)printf "%s%s",$j,j<NF?OFS:"";print""} }'
e·
e·ver·
e·ver·y·
e·ver·y·bo·
e·ver·y·bo·dy

Another Variation

$ echo 'e·ver·y·bo·dy' | awk -F· -v OFS=· '{s="";for (i=1;i<=NF;i++){s=s OFS $i; printf "%s",substr(s,2); print (i==NF)?"":OFS} }'
e·
e·ver·
e·ver·y·
e·ver·y·bo·
e·ver·y·bo·dy


how do I enable firewall zones for NetworkManager

That's because there is no integration with ufw.

Just install firewalld.


Eclipse (ADT) crash Failed to write core dump. Core dumps have been disabled

To solve this issue, try to put this line (slightly different from -Dorg...)

org.eclipse.swt.browser.DefaultType=mozilla

at the end of this file

eclipse/configuration/config.ini


How can I archive dd's output directly possibly without using any compression?

If you want to dump a whole block device to a file, tar won't be of any use, because it doesn't work with block devices. Instead you'll need to use dd or similar:

dd if=/dev/sdX of=/path/to/backup bs=16m

Even like this it would be better to use at least a little compression, as long as it doesn't slow down the transfer too much. In short, you need a compression algorithm with a throughput not much lower than that of your slowest storage medium. There are several such compression algorithms. The most notorious are Lempel–Ziv–Oberhumer, its derivate L4Z, and Snappy. There's a comparison of various compression algorithms including those three on the L4Z project page:

Name            Ratio  C.speed D.speed
                        MB/s    MB/s
LZ4 (r101)      2.084    422    1820
LZO 2.06        2.106    414     600
QuickLZ 1.5.1b6 2.237    373     420
Snappy 1.1.0    2.091    323    1070
LZF             2.077    270     570
zlib 1.2.8 -1   2.730     65     280
LZ4 HC (r101)   2.720     25    2080
zlib 1.2.8 -6   3.099     21     300

For the sake of this answer, I'll choose an example with LZO, because it's readily available in Canonical's repositories in the form of lzop, but ultimately all those stream compressors have front-ends that read from standard input and write to standard output.

dd if=/dev/sdX bs=16m | lzop > /path/to/backup.lzo

If you want to work on the same machine during backup, you may want to use ionice and/or nice/schedtool:

ionice -c 3 dd if=/dev/sdX bs=16m | ionice -c 3 schedtool -B -n 10 -e lzop > /path/to/backup.lzo


Unexpectedly lost speaker output. Headphone output works fine

I've been having this problem about a week ago. I don't know whether we have the same issue, but I solved it with

sudo alsamixer

and by setting the "speakers" volume to 100. Then I turned on the volume at:

Settings > Sound > Sound Effects > Alert volume


13.04 login: lagging after password entry for several seconds

For me, I removed the libsystemd-login0 package and rebooted. I know it is a login manager but my system it is still running. Also I find this odd since I thought upstart was the alternative to systemd. Anyway just do the following:

sudo apt-get remove libsystemd-login0

It gave me about a 1 to 2 second freeze until I removed the package. If it is going to be needed in the future, I will leave it like that until the time comes when another package needs it. You can find more info about the move to systemd in this Phoronix article.

UPDATE: Comparing your aptitude list to mine I would ask you to reinstall/install the following packages:

sudo aptitude reinstall libsystemd-daemon0 systemd-services systemd-shim

sudo aptitude install libsystemd-id128-0 libsystemd-journal0 python-systemd

This will leave you exactly like I am right now:

cyrex@cyrex:~$ aptitude search systemd
p   libpam-systemd                                                                            - system and service manager - PAM module
p   libpam-systemd:i386                                                                       - system and service manager - PAM module
p   libsystemd-daemon-dev                                                                     - systemd utility library - development files
p   libsystemd-daemon-dev:i386                                                                - systemd utility library - development files
i A libsystemd-daemon0                                                                        - systemd utility library
p   libsystemd-daemon0:i386                                                                   - systemd utility library
i   libsystemd-id128-0                                                                        - systemd 128 bit ID utility library
p   libsystemd-id128-0:i386                                                                   - systemd 128 bit ID utility library
p   libsystemd-id128-dev                                                                      - systemd 128 bit ID utility library - development files
p   libsystemd-id128-dev:i386                                                                 - systemd 128 bit ID utility library - development files
p   libsystemd-journal-dev                                                                    - systemd journal utility library - development files
p   libsystemd-journal-dev:i386                                                               - systemd journal utility library - development files
i   libsystemd-journal0                                                                       - systemd journal utility library
p   libsystemd-journal0:i386                                                                  - systemd journal utility library
p   libsystemd-login-dev                                                                      - systemd login utility library - development files
p   libsystemd-login-dev:i386                                                                 - systemd login utility library - development files
c   libsystemd-login0                                                                         - systemd login utility library
p   libsystemd-login0:i386                                                                    - systemd login utility library
p   live-config-systemd                                                                       - Live System Configuration Scripts (systemd backend)
i   python-systemd                                                                            - python bindings for the systemd journal
p   python-systemd:i386                                                                       - python bindings for the systemd journal
i A systemd-services                                                                          - systemd runtime services
p   systemd-services:i386                                                                     - systemd runtime services
i A systemd-shim                                                                              - shim for systemd
p   systemd-shim:i386                                                                         - shim for systemd

Don't mind the c state for the login package. I just did not delete the configuration files after removing the package. If the freezing still shows then I created an bug report here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/shadow/+bug/1167642


How to change the selected item color in Ubuntu 13.10?

Everything except the color of nautilus can be changed using:

Option 1

Replace the orange color in Ubuntu

Install dconf-editor

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Start the program press Alt+F2 and then write dconf-editor and enter.

Path: org => gnome => desktop => interface
Find the line “gtk-color-scheme” and add this string:

bg_color:#f0f1f2;selected_bg_color:#023C88

Here it is then simply choose the color you want yourself, I have adark blue color, then just replace the last color in the string (#023C88) to change the highlight color to what you want.

Option 2

Right now, there is no way to change theme colors from the GUI as in previous versions. However, if you are desperate, you can change the color values in the following files to your desired color:

/usr/share/themes/Ambiance/gtk-3.0/gtk.css
/usr/share/themes/Ambiance/gtk-3.0/settings.ini
/usr/share/themes/Ambiance/gtk-2.0/gtkrc

Thanks goes to kolinab for this.


Getting a problem with Cardapio and Gajim, won't launch due to a locale problem?

Not 100% sure what in my sequence fixed the problem, but nothing I tried worked - until:

I reinstalled the locales (language-support-*)

This did not fix the problem, as far as I could tell, but at this point I had not logged out.

Logged out, logged in without changing anything.

this did not fix the problem, it would seem, as I still got an error.

I logged out, changed the language I was logging in with, and logged into the recovery console to test again.

Somehow the problem seems to have fixed itself.


Can't open java mind-mapping create from Freeplane

appletviewer is provided by the JDK packages. In Ubuntu 14.04, you can install it using:

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk

Then open the HTML file using:

appletviewer /path/to/html/file

You can copy the path to the file from the browser's address bar.


The beta becomes 13.04 when it is released, so if you've done an upgrade on or after the release date you should be running equivalent versions as if you'd directly installed 13.04.

(Depending on what point you started the beta, it is possible that you will still have some cruft from beta versions of various software left around - but if you're running apt-get autoremove you should have got rid of most of it. You might want to install and run deborphan as well, which can find other redundant packages.)


Conflict in software update policies when installing desktop on top of server?

Desktop software updater asks explicitly about updating to the next version. So, if it's about 14.10 then it'll be stated as such.

Kernel updates can come any time. And they don't mean that the distribution version will change.


Can I configure a transparent terminal over my wallpaper?

by Damien - [HowTo] Set Terminal As a Transparent Wallpaper In Your Ubuntu Desktop

Configuring the Terminal Profile

The profile allows you to configure how your Terminal behaves and looks.

Open up your Terminal (Applications->Accessories->Terminal).

Create a new profile (File->New Profile).

Set trans as the profile name.

Under the General tab,

uncheck the box “Show menubar by default in new terminals“

Under the Title and Command tab

Set “Dynamically-set title” as “Isn’t displayed”

Under the Color tab

Uncheck the box “Use colors from system theme“. Ignore the Built-In schemes dropdown box. Select the text color that you want it to display on your desktop. Make sure that it is not the same color as your current desktop wallpaper

Under the Effects tab

Select “Transparent background” and drag the slider to “None“

Under the Scrolling tab

In the “Scrollbar is” drop down box, select “disabled“

That’s all. Click close to exit.

Configuring via the Compiz Way

Install CCSM

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Open up your CCSM (System->Preferences -> Advanced Desktop Effects Setting).

Under Utility (click the Utility option on the left), activate Regex Matching (by placing a check on the box).
Under Effect,  activate Windows Decoration. Click on it to enter its configuration page. Under the Decoration windows field, enter !title=trans. Click Back.
Under the Window Management, activate Window Rules and Place Window

In the Window Rules configuration page, enter title=trans in the following fields ‘Skip taskbar‘, ‘skip pager‘, ‘Below‘, ‘Sticky‘. ‘Non-resizable windows‘, ‘non-minimizable windows‘, ‘non-maximizable window‘ and ‘non-closable windows‘. In the ‘Size rules‘ tab. Select New and enter the following:

Feel free to adjust the width and the height to match your desktop size.

In the Place Window configuration page, under the Fixed Window Placement tab, select New and enter the following:

This will fix the window on the top left hand corner of your desktop (You can use Alt+Left mouse click to move the terminal around)

Close the CCSM. You are done with the configuration. To activate the terminal wallpaper, Press Alt-F2 and enter the following command:

gnome-terminal -–window-with-profile=trans

Configuring via the devilspie way (if your computer does not supports Compiz)

Install devilspie

sudo apt-get install devilspie

Create the devilspie directory and edit the configuration file.

mkdir ~/.devilspie
gedit ~/.devilspie/trans.ds

Enter the following code inside the text editor

(if
(matches (window_name) "trans")
(begin
(set_workspace 1)
(below)
(undecorate)
(skip_pager)
(skip_tasklist)
(wintype "utility")
(geometry "+0+0")
(geometry "1280x50")
)
)

and save it.

Press Alt-F2, enter

devilspie

Press Alt-F2 again

gnome-terminal –window-with-profile=trans

Done.


When making changes to your GRUB config via grub-customizer, you need to run:
sudo update-grub

to apply those changes.


$ cd ns-2.35/
$ grep -Rin "PORT 42" *
tcl/edu/chan-interference/chanInterference.tcl:35:set MESSAGE_PORT 42
tcl/edu/hidden-terminal/sht.tcl:35:set MESSAGE_PORT 42
tcl/edu/rts-cts/rts-cts-data-ack.tcl:35:set MESSAGE_PORT 42
tcl/ex/flooding.tcl:46:set MESSAGE_PORT 42
tcl/ex/wireless-flooding.tcl:46:set MESSAGE_PORT 42
tcl/test/test-suite-message.tcl:46:set MESSAGE_PORT 42

Please read the files. Some of the code is just a reuse from one file to the others.

The port number may be your choice. There seems to be no difference with e.g. MESSAGE_PORT  1, 2, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 101.

"Agent/Message" : See common/message.cc ( Or use $ grep -Rin message * ... to know all message code.


I uninstalled mono, how do I reinstall it?

That's because mono-* will mark more than just the mono framework for removal. It also removes some fonts and themes of the standard installation. Use

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends ubuntu-desktop

to reinstall the packages you removed accidentally. After that, you might need to reassign Ambiance as theme in the System Settings (under Appearance) and log off and on again.


How to enable Wake On Lan (WOL) in Ubuntu 16.04

I've found a better way that worked for me. At least a cleaner way. Apparently Ubuntu changed upstart for systemd, in Ubuntu 15.04, Ubuntu 16.04 and presumably next versions too. I'm new to both systems but this worked for me.

I'm posting this because while googling Ubuntu 16 wol and other similar searches I came across with this post several times. This could help somebody else.

To keep WOL working, I had to re-enable it every time the system booted. To avoid doing this manually I used systemd for this purpose. This is what I did:

First, create the file /etc/systemd/system/wol@.service (keep the @ symbol). Put this in it:

[Unit]
Description=Wake-on-LAN for %i
Requires=network.target
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/sbin/ethtool -s %i wol g
Type=oneshot

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Enable this for the interface on boot, run the following command (change eth3 with your interface):

systemctl enable wol@eth3

You should see something like this:

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/wol@eth3.service to /etc/systemd/system/wol@.service.

To check if it's enabled, run the following command (change eth3 with your interface) and it should return enabled:

systemctl is-enabled wol@eth3

To test this, reboot and run (change eth3 with your interface):

ethtool eth3

You should see a line with the following:

Wake-on: g

Sources:

SystemdForUpstartUsers - Ubuntu Wiki
Wake-on-LAN - ArchWiki
systemd - ArchWiki
upstart:

  Upstart is an event-based replacement for the /sbin/init daemon which
  handles starting of tasks and services during boot, stopping them
  during shutdown and supervising them while the system is running.
  - upstart - event-based init daemon

systemd:

  systemd is a suite of basic building blocks for a Linux system. It provides a system and service manager that runs as PID 1 and starts the rest of the system. (...)- systemd


Ati driver installation problem on Mobilyty HD Radeon 4250

Now i use Kubuntu 12.04 LTS and i dont have problems with ati drivers , I installed them by going to Additional drivers in software-properties-gtk without problems !

mtrx@Anaconda:~$ fglrxinfo
display: :0  screen: 0
OpenGL vendor string: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
OpenGL renderer string: ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4200 Series
OpenGL version string: 3.3.11627 Compatibility Profile Context


How can GRUB access initramfs file if its stored in RAID

GRUB obviously needs, and uses, drivers in order to access files stored on a RAID. For example if you use a mdadm software RAID, you will see insmod mdraid09 in your grub.cfg.


vmware-vdiskmanager is not present in my system

As far I as know vmware-vdiskmanager is a utility that comes bundled with VMware Fusion and VMware Workstation.

I found a 32bits version 1023856-vdiskmanager-linux.7.0.1.zip available for download here on kb.vmware.com (direct link from the Attachments section).

Source


'Operating system not found'while installing Ubuntu 12.10 along with Windows 8

I have two suggestions:

You can try the Ubuntu Boot Repair tool. This might get Ubuntu booting. If it does, though, it may rename the Windows boot loader in a way that could cause further problems down the road. On the plus side, it's fairly easy to use this method now.
You can install my rEFInd boot manager:

Download the USB flash drive image or CD image and transfer it to the appropriate medium.
Take note of your Linux root partition number. It will probably be 5 or above. You may need to use a Linux emergency disc to discover this information.
Boot from the rEFInd medium.
In rEFInd, highlight one of the Linux options that refers to a Linux kernel (vmlinuz-*).
Press F2 or Insert twice. This should open a line editor on your Linux options.
Add ro root=/dev/sda5 to the options, changing /dev/sda5 to whatever your Linux root partition's identifier is.
Press enter. Linux should boot.
Download and install the rEFInd Debian package.

Thereafter, you should be able to boot Linux via rEFInd, bypassing GRUB, and without adding your root device specification manually. You can optionally clean things up by uninstalling GRUB and editing rEFInd's refind.conf file to suit your needs.


Can`t reboot sometimes (Ubuntu 13.10, AMD driver 13.10)

It sounds like ACPI.

Try this:

Type in terminal:

sudo su
cp /etc/default/grub /etc/default/grub.old
gedit /etc/default/grub
Find the line: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
Change this to: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi=force"
Save the file and close the file.
Finally, in terminal: update-grub

Now, reboot your PC. It will hang again. Just manually power it off with the button. When you reboot again, it should work well.

I copied this guide from Shutdown does not power off computer. I couldn't put it in better words (commands).


Writing a bash script to read a text file of numbers into arrays, by column, on Ubuntu

Here is a script, it will store numbers from text file into two arrays x and y as you wished,

#!/bin/bash

nl=$(cat "$1" | wc -l)
declare -a x
declare -a y
for i in $(seq 1 $nl)
do
    x[i]="$(cat "$1" | awk -v p="$i" '{if(NR==p) print $1}')"
    y[i]="$(cat "$1" | awk -v p="$i" '{if(NR==p) print $2}')"
done
#upto this point all the numbers from first and second column of the file are stored
#into x and y respectively. Following lines will just print them again for you.
for it in $(seq 1 $nl)
do
    echo "${x[$it]} ${y[$it]}"
done

Do not forget to give the script execution permission.

chmod +x script.sh

Usage

./script.sh numfile.txt

where I am considering you will save the above script as script.sh and your textfile containing numbers is numfile.txt. And both are in same directory.


What is the difference between /etc/fstab and /etc/mtab?

/etc/fstab is a list of filesystems to be mounted at boot time. If you want your Windows or file-storage partitions mounted once your computer boots, you'll need to put appropriate entries into /etc/fstab.

/etc/mtab is a list of currently mounted filesystems.  If you have a disk connected but not mounted, it won't show up in the /etc/mtab file. Once you mount it, it will show up there.

Note also, that with systemd (to which Ubuntu switched beginning from 15.04 release) it is possible to declare filesystems that need to be mounted at boot via *.mount files. See James Oguya's tutorial on the topic.

For more info, read mount manual.


saving the first and second 2 minutes of a wmv video in Ubuntu Terminal

You can use ffmpeg to rip the first 2 minutes, etc that you want.
ffmpeg -i 10minvideo.wmv -ss 0 -t 120 first2min.wmv

Then for the next 2 minutes it would be the same but change the -ss 0 to -ss 120:
ffmpeg -i 10minvideowmv -ss 120 -t 120 second2min.wmv

Just remember to set -ss to whatever starting seconds position you want and the -t is the amount of time you are recording from it.
Hope this helps!


What file specifies the desktop environment for a user?

If you want to change the auto login behavior of lightdm
edit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf  using gksudo gedit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf

It should look something like this

[SeatDefaults]
autologin-guest=false
autologin-user=username
autologin-user-timeout=0
autologin-session=lightdm-autologin
greeter-session=unity-greeter
user-session=ubuntu

Comment all the  line containing autologin. Next time you will get login screen.

If you are using Ubuntu 14.04 you may find this file empty, Simply add fillowing line in it

[SeatDefaults]
autologin-user=

Save and exit.


A graphics processing unit (GPU), also occasionally called visual processing unit (VPU), You can also use to see its output:

lspci -vnn | grep VGA -A 12

Or

lshw -numeric -C display or video

or

lspci | grep -E "VGA|3D"

Output:

05:07.0 VGA compatible controller: XGI Technology Inc. (eXtreme Graphics    Innovation) Z7/Z9 (XG20 core)


I am pretty sure you are having issues with that Nvidia device you don't care about.  Take a look at this:

Community Wiki: OUCH! Laptop running SUPER HOT after 12.10 upgrade!

Basically the graphics card is a primary source of system heat along with the system processor.  Assume any GPU processors or embedded GPU processors are a source of heat in most cases and realize most systems have more than one GPU which combined produce more heat through the system than the processor.

Also refer to the linked article for attempts at cooling the main processor as well.


Adding a number to a text file with a loop


Two icons on Unity Launcher on non-standard application launch

You have to add a StartupWMClass string into your .desktop file. This is a string that defines in which class the application is grouped in the Unity Launcher at startup.

The solution is to add StartupWMClass to your desktop file. First you need to find the proper class for your application.

It is explained here (Thanks to @chaos).

Open your Light Table window and type in terminal:

xprop WM_CLASS

Then click on the LIght Table window.

For gnome terminal WM_CLASS should be something like

WM_CLASS(STRING) = "gnome-terminal", "Gnome-terminal"

So all windows with WM_CLASS "gnome-terminal" and "Gnome-terminal" are grouped together. For light table you will see different class. Pick one and remember it.

After you find your program class add this to your .desktop file:

StartupWMClass=CLASS

Replace CLASS with the class from previous command.


ufw NO ipv6 after enabling firewall - Essential Rules

Turned my ufw logging to medium to see what was being blocked

We need to allow IN OUT ALL on ports 5353, 546, 547

Got my ipv6 fully functional =D


Trouble dual booting Ubuntu 14.04.3 with Windows 10

HP Pavillion computers, assuming you have an older model, do not have motherboards compatible with USB 3.0. Try using an older USB drive that is 2.0.
The issue could also be the drive is not formatted as FAT32, but that's very unlikely since you're using PenDriveLinux.


First of all, you need to check whether you have java installed on your system. You can check by using the command:

java -version

If java is not installed, then you should install it by doing

sudo apt-get install default-jre

Afterwards, download Eclipse from the download section of the official website (http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/). Remember to choose the correct package for your architecture (32bit or 64 bit). The package will have the name:

eclipse-standard-kepler-SR1-linux-gtk-x86_32.tar.gz

or

eclipse-standard-kepler-SR1-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz

After you have downloaded the correct package, extract the eclipse.XX.YY.tar.gz using

tar -zxvf eclipse.XX.YY.tar.gz

switch to root user:

sudo -i

Copy the extracted folder to /opt

cp -r eclipse.XX.YY /opt

Create a desktop file in the location /usr/share/applications and install it:

gedit eclipse.desktop

Copy the following to the eclipse.desktop file.

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Eclipse
Type=Application
Exec=eclipse
Terminal=false
Icon=eclipse
Comment=Integrated Development Environment
NoDisplay=false
Categories=Development;IDE;
Name[en]=Eclipse

Give the desktop file permission to be executed, run:

chmod +x eclipse.desktop

Run the following command to automatically install it in the unity:

desktop-file-install eclipse.desktop

Create a symlink in /usr/local/bin using

cd /usr/local/bin
ln -s /opt/eclipse/eclipse

For an eclipse icon to be displayed in dash, eclipse icon can be added as

cp /opt/eclipse/icon.xpm /usr/share/pixmaps/eclipse.xpm


Opposite command for "ulimit -c unlimited"

You can disable core dumps by setting the core limit to 0:

ulimit -c 0

This is the default setting, so it has no effect unless you've previously run another ulimit -c command.


To install the missing packages and make that message go away, run this command:
sudo apt install $(check-language-support)


You can use LTWheelConf to change various settings of the Logitech racing wheels

Driving Force
Momo Racing
Momo Force
Driving Force Pro
Driving Force GT
G25
G27

Available options:

set wheel to "native" mode (support separate axes and clutch pedal, H shifter, full 900 degree rotation)
Set wheel rotation range
Set autocenter force and rampspeed
Set ForceFeedback gain

Compile and install

You can easily compile LTWheelConf using the following commands:

Get some dependencies

sudo apt-get install libusb-1.0-0-dev git

Download the source

git clone https://github.com/thk/LTWheelConf.git

Build the source

cd LTWheelConf
make

Install

cp ltwheelconf /usr/local/bin/

You should now have an executable named ltwheelconf.

List all found/supported devices

sudo ltwheelconf --list

Supported wheel shortname values:

'DF'   (Driving Force)
'MR'   (Momo Racing)
'MF'   (Momo Force)
'DFP'  (Driving Force Pro)
'DFGT' (Driving Force GT)
'G25'  (G25) <-- This is, obviously, the shortname of your steering wheel
'G27'  (G27)

Set wheel to native mode

sudo ltwheelconf --wheel <your-wheel-shortname> --nativemode

Set wheel rotation range of 900 degrees

sudo ltwheelconf --wheel <your-wheel-shortname> --range 900

Examples:

Put wheel into native mode:

$ sudo ltwheelconf --wheel G25 --nativemode

Set wheel rotation range to 540 degree:

$ sudo ltwheelconf --wheel G25 --range 540

Set moderate autocenter:

$ sudo ltwheelconf --wheel G25 --autocenter 100 --rampspeed 1

Disable autocenter completely:

$ sudo ltwheelconf --wheel G25 --autocenter 0 --rampspeed 0

Set native mode, disable autocenter and set wheel rotation range of 900 degrees in one call:

$ sudo ltwheelconf --wheel G25 --nativemode --range 900 --autocenter 0 --rampspeed 0

To test and calibrate the steering wheel you can use jstest-gtk

Add UDEV rule

It is possible to add a rule to UDEV to automatically invoke LTWheelConf when the steering wheel is connected.

This can be done using the following command (use the correct shortname instead of  <your-wheel-shortname>!):

echo 'ATTRS{idVendor}=="046d", ATTRS{idProduct}=="c294", RUN+="/usr/local/bin/ltwheelconf --wheel <your-wheel-shortname> --nativemode --range 900"' | sudo tee -a /etc/udev/rules.d/90-logitech-wheel.rules

Now you need to restart UDEV:

sudo service udev restart


How to install language support completely using command line?

sudo apt install $(check-language-support)

That should make the Language Support prompt shut up. :) It may install both some English and non-English packages


No Wifi connection with Acer Aspire 5741G

First check your wifi is hardblocked or softblocked by running the below command,

sudo rfkill list

If your wifi is softblocked then run the below command to unblock,

sudo rfkill unblock wlan

If your wifi is hardblocked then you have to turn on the wifi hardware switch.


I need to point to Intel graphics card drivers on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. How can I do that?

Just go to your system settings>defaults there you can change the current graphics card being used by your system.
Hope this helps you.
Thank you..


Why are there so many console messages from GTK+ applications?

Very closely related questions have been asked before. Here are links to some of the answers:

https://askubuntu.com/a/369920/248158
https://askubuntu.com/a/205447/248158
https://askubuntu.com/a/226861/248158
https://askubuntu.com/a/143406/248158
https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/25713

I like this explanation:

Such messages are common with Gnome applications and do not necessarily indicate a bug. Gnome takes a dumbed-down approach to users; the intended audience won't run an application from a terminal and so won't see these messages. Redirect error output from Gnome applications to a log file if you really care, or to /dev/null otherwise.

Source: Gilles.
And this is also nice:

This error indicates that the software is using perfectly valid GTK library calls with a newer version of the GTK library. Sometimes during software development it is desirable to get rid of the, "old way", to do things while maintaining backwards compatibility. This is accomplished by marking the undesired calls depreciated. This tells the developer that their code is perfectly valid in this release, but in the future their code will need to be updated to work with a new version of the library, possibly many releases down the road.
In this case, GTK wants to be more strict about including units on dimensions. It tells the developer that GTK is assuming the units are pixels, which is the exact assumption that the software developer made in the first place.

Source: Bailley S
By the way, if you launch Firefox from terminal you'll may see a terrifying message like this:
GLib-CRITICAL **: g_slice_set_config: assertion

But it seems to be harmless as per comment in Bug #833117.
In short, there's mostly no need for us beginners to launch GUI-based apps from the terminal unless there's a problem and we need to give output to someone who can understand the meaning of such output.


sound device detected as guest but gone at normal user

I managed to fix my issue!

I looked here:

Audio suddenly stopped, pulseaudio reinstall has not helped? (14.04)
rm -r ~/.config/pulse
Logout/Login

I tried this command before posting here but it was not working. I guess reinstalling pulseaudio made the folder appear.

Now everything is working fine


Dynamicly add or remove items from list and tree in pygtk and quickly (glade)

Always provide the full traceback and additional warnings/output. That said, your problem is in the following line of code:

    self.treeModeler.append("bla bla")

You should provide a list of items that corresponds to the columns in the Gtk.TreeModel. So if your model only has 1 string column, simple put some brackets around your string:

    self.treeModeler.append(["bla bla"])

Do you have more columns with different types? Provide them in your list:

    self.treeModeler.append(["bla bla", 1234, False, 1.234, GdkPixbuf.Pixbuf, None])

Edit to your edit: Remember that you add values to the Gtk.TreeModel columns, not Gtk.TreeView columns. See my screenshots in this answer and make sure you mapped each Gtk.TreeModel column to the correct Gtk.CellRendererText.


How to recover Ubuntu grub loader from Windows

Windows is greedy and rewrites the master boot record to only point to itself, making it so that it bypasses GRUB and Ubuntu.  Typically, Ubuntu should be installed after Windows, but it's okay.

Burn this .iso to a disk and load and run it after Windows is installed. It'll restore the boot log and you'll see GRUB again and everything should be happy.

If you want in on a USB, since it seems Windows is working for you, use this tool to take the .iso you've downloaded and stick it on a usb. Here's some offical documentation which conveniently recommends the same thing.


Sorry, but as of the moment Ubuntu touch only works on the nexus devices, more specifically:

Nexus 7 (2013 only)
Nexus 4

You can port Ubuntu Touch on your phone if you can invest the amount of time and effort it will require. Check out the official porting guide for more info.


Missing default Ubuntu desktop environment in the login screen

This may help:
Install the ccsm (compiz configure manager), run it, and check the check-box that activates the unity plugin.


To be sincere I haven't used Google Earth for a while but after I repeat some steps that you've done I experienced some issues with version 6 too. I'm also running 12.04 and this what I did to fix this:

Remove everything that belongs to Google Earth currently installed, I advise you to use Synaptic open it and type Google Earth click on marked item area and from pop up menu choose complete removal after it removed close Synaptic.

Now open a terminal Ctrl+Alt+T and run:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get upgrade

sudo apt-get autoremove

(let it to remove listed packages)

Now go to your /home press Ctrl+H find folders .cache and .config search for Google Earth in them and delete everything, for now we're done.

Go back to terminal and install gdebi:

sudo apt-get install gdebi

Ok, now download Google Earth 7.deb file, when download is done, type in terminal:

sudo gdebi /home/yourname/Downloads/packagename.deb

hit Enter then type y and hit Enter again.

or go manually to a downloaded file directory and on a file mouse right click and choose install with gdebi in opened window click install package and agree to whatever comes out. Done.

When installation has been completed reboot the system, for some reasons I also experienced loading issues with Google Earth to start, so after a clean restart everything works perfectly fine, I closed it and opened it twice, it starts without problems and the search bar works too.

This workout works on 12.04 perfectly, so good luck!


The script has been updated recently. It works pretty well right now; If you have any issue please report it, i would be more than happy to provide a fix as soon as possible.


When will the sdl 1.3 libraries be available (implementing force feedback), or how do I compile them?

The best thing to do is to patch the most recent stable sdl 1.2 source code, and get some kind of force feedback effects with sdl1.2. This is an interim measure until the next stable version of sdl comes out, but might be acceptable for your purposes.

However, it is best to install your compiled version in /opt and not in path locations such as /usr or /usr/local. Thereby you can still keep the original libsdl1.2debian and only call your compiled version by using LD_LIBRARY_PATH (see later explanation).

First, get the dependencies with

sudo apt-get build-dep libsdl1.2
sudo apt-get install build-essential checkinstall

For build-dep to work, go to software sources and enable source code by checking the box. Then run sudo apt-get update and any build-dep commands should work.

The full list of dependencies is listed here with further information on compilation.

Now, download the sdl source code and extract it, then download the patch from icculus.org, extract the patch, and move it to the sdl source code folder, and from that folder run:

patch -p1 < sdl_1.2-haptic.diff

Next, run

./configure --prefix=/opt/sdl-1.2 && make

It is not necessary to add --enable-haptic (haptic is the term used for force feedback), as the patch should have enabled that. More on haptic is available here and here.

To install it in /opt (or the place specified with configure), run sudo checkinstall from the same folder.

To use this version of sdl, you need to run your game in a wrapper like this:

#!/bin/bash

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/sdl-1.2/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
cd /game/folder
game
exit 0

To check the correct sdl version is being loaded, run in terminal

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/sdl-1.2/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

and then run ldd on a game you know uses sdl:

ldd /usr/local/bin/rott

which shows you it is using your compiled sdl:

libSDL-1.2.so.0 => /opt/sdl-1.2/lib/libSDL-1.2.so.0 (0xb7695000)

The force feedback effects will vary greatly, and sometimes might not be present at all, but this is about the only way to get some effects at the moment. It is reported to work with the open source port of Freespace2, FreespaceOpen, as this post shows relating to Linux-based systems (not Mac OS X as it suggests).


rsyslog not logging message from program

The line setlogmask(LOG_UPTO(LOG_CRIT)) discards your log message

syslog(LOG_INFO, "floded entered");

The priority of LOG_INFO is lower than the priority of LOG_CRIT. Therefore

#include <syslog.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <cstdlib>

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
  // setlogmask(LOG_UPTO(LOG_CRIT));
  openlog("floded", LOG_CONS | LOG_PID | LOG_NDELAY, LOG_SYSLOG);
  syslog(LOG_INFO, "floded entered");
  closelog();
  return(0);
}

or

#include <syslog.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <cstdlib>

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
  setlogmask(LOG_UPTO(LOG_INFO));
  openlog("floded", LOG_CONS | LOG_PID | LOG_NDELAY, LOG_SYSLOG);
  syslog(LOG_INFO, "floded entered");
  closelog();
  return(0);
}


OK, I think I have a handle on how this works.

You'll probably want to add the following to your .bashrc:

source /usr/share/autojump/autojump.bash

This should do what you're expecting it to do.

Also, what does jumpstat bring back?


Typically, the environment variable $PYTHONPATH is empty (try echo $PYTHONPATH). The actual list of folders python searches for libraries can be found with (in python):

import sys
print(sys.path)

This will consist (in search order) of the current directory, any directories in your $PYTHONPATH, and finally the default library directories, set by site.py. The main default locations are (where X.Y is the python version, eg 2.7):

/usr/lib/pythonX.Y (python system libraries, eg re, urllib)
/usr/lib/pythonX.Y/dist-packages (python libraries installed with deb packages)

If you use pip install --user or similar to install libraries as yourself, it will also contain the user library directory:

/home/USERNAME/.local/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages

You can manipulate the PYTHONPATH by either setting the environment variable before you launch python (PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/foo/bar), or by editing sys.path once you've started python (import sys; sys.path = ["/foo/bar"] + sys.path).

However, if you want to play with your own python libraries, a good idea is to create a virtualenv. This is a directory in which you can play around with your own versions of python libraries without any risk of messing up the python libraries used by the system. See How to set up and use a virtual python environment in Ubuntu? for information about creating and using a virtualenv.


If you can't use the standard terminal:

  ...I cannot use the terminal normally ...

start your installed packet manager Synaptic and install an other terminal xterm.

Use Alt+F2 and type xterm and Return

Now you can copy and paste:

mark the command with the left mouse button
paste the command with the middle mouse button

Alternatively write a short script and start the script in the virtual terminal:

Start gedit and add the lines below:

#!/bin/bash
rm -r ~/.gconf/apps/gnome-terminal
gconftools --recursive-unset /apps/gnome-terminal

Save the file as foo in your home folder and switch to tty.
Login and make the script executable

chmod +x ~/foo

Start the script

./foo


How to make a build command in Geany IDE to compile and execute Objective-C programs?

Geany should already have a build configuration for Objective-C, provided by the filetypes.objectivec file (part of the geany-common package):

[build_settings]
# %f will be replaced by the complete filename
# %e will be replaced by the filename without extension
# (use only one of it at one time)
compiler=gcc -Wall -c "%f"
linker=gcc -Wall -o "%e" "%f" -lobjc
run_cmd="./%e"

The tricky part is making geany actually choose that, instead of the one for Matlab (since both filetypes are associated with the .m extension in the filetype_extensions.conf file). Currently, the only way I know to do that is to manually select the filetype from the Document menu

Document --> Set Filetype --> Programming Languages --> Objective-C

After that, you should be able to build your file from the Build menu as normal.


Windows don't keep the same order in alt+tab

The behaviour of Alt+Tab is that it shows applications in most recently used order. The idea is that you always can switch quickly between the two last windows currently in use. You tab more, optionally looking at the icons if you need to switch to a third application you used earlier. It has worked this way since Windows 3.1 and possibly earlier, and changing that behavior would require a Gnome Shell extension or editing source code.
You could, however, use the cycle-windows function to achieve largely what you want:
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings cycle-windows "['<Alt>Escape','<Super>Right']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings cycle-windows-backward "['<Shift><Alt>Escape', '<Super>Left']"

would add Super+Right/Left in addition to the default keybindings to move to the next/previous window. First disable the default bindings of these keys as indicated in the related question.


If you're on x64, check you have the i386 repositories enabled:

dpkg --print-foreign-architectures

If you don't, add it via:

sudo dpkg  --add-architecture i386
sudo apt-get update

Now, /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgthread-2.0.so.0 is provided by libglib2.0-0 for me. To install the x86 version, try:

sudo apt-get install libglib2.0-0:i386


How to install every thing on from the installation DVD?

As far as I am aware, all apt frontends (apt-get, aptitude, synaptic, etc) will only download a new package if it's not already installed, however, it will download updated packages for anything you've installed, hence, installing everything may actually increase your internet usage.

If you make sure the line starting deb cdrom: in /etc/apt/sources.list does not have a comment # character at the start, and always put your DVD in when trying to install any new packages you want, then apt should use the DVD copy if it's still the latest version. Obviously, if there's an update on the internet, it will use that instead.


Cannot span a window across monitors when changed to portrait orientation

When rotating the screens the NVIDIA driver does not know that it has to stitch the 3 screens together. You will see a small black space when opening the display manager. Just resize, move so the 3 monitors are really side by side. I did not saw that because I ve changed screen orientation in Preferences and not within the NVIDIA interface.


How do I replace some 32 bit packages with 64 bit ones?

To check packages installed with an architecture:

dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}\t\t${Architecture}\n' | grep 'i386'
dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}\t\t${Architecture}\n' | grep 'amd64'

Use the line that is not your current architecture (in your case "i386") (and in case someone is unsure: you can check the architecture with uname -a (see How do I check if I have a 32-bit or a 64-bit OS? ))

If it is not a lot of them you could purge them and install the other version.


Ubuntu from USB on my office provided laptop

Do you want to get rid of Windows where you do not have admin rights? If yes, just install linux over and forget about Windows.

However, I do not believe that is what you want to do. My feeling is that for any other scenario you would need some admin rights on Windows:

You can shrink Windows partition and install linux on the space freed by that task. Then you can have dual boot. Maybe shrinking can be done with some bootable USB tools.
Use VirtualBox or any other software that allows virtual machine and install Linux as a virtual machine within your Windows. I believe you would need admin rights to install such software.
You can also boot your linux from USB and use it that way (http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/running-linux-usb-right/). Anything on laptop's disk will not be affected by that. However, booting is a bit slower and you are a bit limited with such usage.


Can I list a repository content before adding it to search for a package?

You can browse the link to the repository in your browser. if you look there for the Packages files (usually Packages.gz and Packages.bz2) in the correct folder under dists, you can download that file and uncompress it. It contains a list of all the packages of the archive.


I permanently changed my PATH variable by mistake, and I am unable to login now. How to change my PATH variable to default?


Attempted to install Ubuntu, now I have no boot menu

You need to use the GRUB command prompt to boot the installed Ubuntu system first. Read the section "Booting Ubuntu installed on disk partitions" on this manual:

http://tuxers.com/main/instigating-a-manual-boot-from-the-grub-prompt/

Based on your HDD config, I guess your commands should be the following:

set root=(hd1,msdos1)
linux /boot/vmlinux-3.8.0-19-generic ro root=/dev/sdb1
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-19-generic
boot

On the exact filenames, you can always use the [TAB] key.

UPDATE:
Follow this procedure to reinstall:

1. Disconnect the first HDD (Windows)
2. Install Ubuntu in the usual way
3. Download and burn the Boot-Repair ISO to a CD.
4. Reconnect the first drive.
5. Boot into the Boot-Repair CD and run the recommended repair.


Using specific python version for apt-get in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

You could try to delete the old version of python and then do the install of the new version.

Also always do sudo apt-get update before you install software.


Sudo Non-Password access to /sys/power/state

Note that the redirection characters "separate" execution and privileges. On this command:

sudo echo disk > /sys/power/state

What you're doing is running echo disk as root (pointless) and then piping that, as your normal user, into a file that's owned by root, that's why you get permission denied.

This is a very common use case, what you need to do is sudo the part that actually writes to the file instead, something like this works:

echo disk | sudo tee /sys/power/state

You can also create a shell script (a file) with:

  echo disk > /sys/power/state

Name it, for instance, script.sh, then run chmod 755 script.sh and run that with sudo:

sudo /wherever/you/put/this/script.sh

As for running a command without needing a password, that's been discussed before: How do I sudo without having to enter my password?. It can be somewhat insecure; you can control which user gets to execute which command as root without password, but in this case you'd need to allow execution of the tee command which could allow malicious users to overwrite any file as root. So use with caution and please read all the documentation and understand the security implications of doing this.


You can format the partition using an *buntu installation CD/USB, or any other CD/USB that has Gparted, or other software able to identify Linux partitions. As for the MBR, it's probably OK to just leave it be, though you could overwrite it as well with dd. Just be sure to select the correct device. Be careful with this one!

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdX bs=512 count=1


How to add the ID of a known-compatible device to a USB wifi driver (or: making "echo new_id" permanent)?

The usual way to get a new usb.id included is to file a bug report. https://bugs.launchpad.net/ It may take some time to be released.

I suggest this method to add the usb.id to the usual new_id part of the driver.

Remove the device and in a terminal, do:

sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/network_drivers.rules

Add one long line:

ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0e66", ATTR{idProduct}=="0004", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe -qba rt2800usb"

Caps, brackets, punctuation, etc. are crucial. Proofread twice, save and close nano. Next:

sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/network_drivers.conf

Add one long single line:

install rt2800usb /sbin/modprobe --ignore-install rt2800usb $CMDLINE_OPTS; /bin/echo "0e66 0004" > /sys/bus/usb/drivers/rt2800usb/new_id

Proofread twice, save and close nano. Insert the device. If it doesn't start immediately, you might have to do:

sudo modprobe rt2800usb

  A quick look through the driver source, confirms that my device is not
  in the device table

If it were in the device table in the driver included in your currently installed kernel version, then the driver would have recognized the device and driven it without any input from you.

You can confirm with:

modinfo rt2800usb | grep 0004

It will produce nothing as the usb.id is not in the driver yet.


Terminal Command for Uninstalling Programs

sudo apt-get remove <program name here>

(or aptitude instead of apt-get, if you prefer it).


To get the Connection info applet to start if it doesn't on startup, press Alt+F2 and run nm-applet. I'm not too sure why it isn't starting up for you. I would recommend adding the command nm-applet to your startup commands. If this command doesn't work, let me know.

Also, to access the actual program without a bar menu item, run this in terminal: nm-connection-editor.

Edit: This is what I use to start the applet and program in Unity. I'm not too sure what it is in GNOME, but I assume it can't be too different. Also, I'm not sure if Alt+F2 works in GNOME, I've only used Unity. Alt+F2 runs a command.


How do I disconnect from Byobu in a console?

You can either use:

F6

or

Ctrl-a then press d to detach

Full disclosure: I am the author and maintainer of Byobu.