To help anyone who stumbles here,

You need to configure ~/.XCompose (see full file below) and restart X session.

To type Greek letters on Latin keyboard:

Hold compose key — usually it is right Alt (look for "Compose key location" in "Keyboard" sections in "System Settings"). <Multi_key> in the list below.
Type g for small letters or G for CAPITAL letters. G stands for "Greek". Different capitalization for convenience
Type the Latin alphabet equivalent.
Release compose key.

You can see the list of compose sequences configured system-wide in file /usr/share/X11/locale/$LANG/Compose, where $LANG is environment variable for current locale (for US English, it is equal to en_US.UTF-8):

$ cd /usr/share/X11/locale/$LANG/
$ less Compose

To enable compose for Greek alphabet add to your ~/.XCompose file:

~/.XCompose
# GREEK CAPITAL LETTERS
<Multi_key> <G> <A> : "Α"    U0391    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA
<Multi_key> <G> <B> : "Β"    U0392    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER BETA
<Multi_key> <G> <G> : "Γ"    U0393    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER GAMMA
<Multi_key> <G> <D> : "Δ"    U0394    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER DELTA
<Multi_key> <G> <E> : "Ε"    U0395    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER EPSILON
<Multi_key> <G> <Z> : "Ζ"    U0396    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ZETA
<Multi_key> <G> <H> : "Η"    U0397    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ETA
<Multi_key> <G> <I> : "Ι"    U0399    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER IOTA
<Multi_key> <G> <K> : "Κ"    U039A    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER KAPPA
<Multi_key> <G> <L> : "Λ"    U039B    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER LAMDA
<Multi_key> <G> <M> : "Μ"    U039C    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER MU
<Multi_key> <G> <N> : "Ν"    U039D    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER NU
<Multi_key> <G> <P> : "Π"    U03A0    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PI
<Multi_key> <G> <R> : "Ρ"    U03A1    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER RHO
<Multi_key> <G> <S> : "Σ"    U03A3    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER SIGMA
<Multi_key> <G> <T> : "Τ"    U03A4    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER TAU
<Multi_key> <G> <U> : "Υ"    U03A5    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER UPSILON
<Multi_key> <G> <F> : "Φ"    U03A6    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PHI
<Multi_key> <G> <X> : "Χ"    U03A7    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER CHI
<Multi_key> <G> <O> : "Ω"    U03A9    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMEGA

# DOUBLES (additional stroke <Q>)
<Multi_key> <G> <Q> <T> : "Θ"    U0398    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER THETA
<Multi_key> <G> <Q> <O> : "Ο"    U039F    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER OMICRON
<Multi_key> <G> <Q> <X> : "Ξ"    U039E    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER XI
<Multi_key> <G> <Q> <P> : "Ψ"    U03A8    # GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PSI

# greek small letters
<Multi_key> <g> <a> : "α"    U03B1    # GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA
<Multi_key> <g> <b> : "β"    U03B2    # GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA
<Multi_key> <g> <g> : "γ"    U03B3    # GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA
<Multi_key> <g> <d> : "δ"    U03B4    # GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA
<Multi_key> <g> <e> : "ε"    U03B5    # GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON
<Multi_key> <g> <z> : "ζ"    U03B6    # GREEK SMALL LETTER ZETA
<Multi_key> <g> <h> : "η"    U03B7    # GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA
<Multi_key> <g> <i> : "ι"    U03B9    # GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA
<Multi_key> <g> <k> : "κ"    U03BA    # GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA
<Multi_key> <g> <l> : "λ"    U03BB    # GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA
<Multi_key> <g> <m> : "μ"    U03BC    # GREEK SMALL LETTER MU
<Multi_key> <g> <n> : "ν"    U03BD    # GREEK SMALL LETTER NU
<Multi_key> <g> <p> : "π"    U03C0    # GREEK SMALL LETTER PI
<Multi_key> <g> <r> : "ρ"    U03C1    # GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO
<Multi_key> <g> <s> : "σ"    U03C3    # GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA
<Multi_key> <g> <t> : "τ"    U03C4    # GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU
<Multi_key> <g> <u> : "υ"    U03C5    # GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON
<Multi_key> <g> <f> : "φ"    U03C6    # GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI
<Multi_key> <g> <x> : "χ"    U03C7    # GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI
<Multi_key> <g> <o> : "ω"    U03C9    # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA

# doubles (additional stroke <q>)
<Multi_key> <g> <q> <t> : "θ"    U03B8    # GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA
<Multi_key> <g> <q> <o> : "ο"    U03BF    # GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON
<Multi_key> <g> <q> <p> : "ψ"    U03C8    # GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI
<Multi_key> <g> <q> <s> : "ς"    U03C2    # GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA
<Multi_key> <g> <q> <x> : "ξ"    U03BE    # GREEK SMALL LETTER XI

See also:

A question (and its answers) on "SE.Unix & Linux" for some notes on XCompose usage: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/307711/53143
man Compose for more details.

Most used letters can also be set up with separate compose key combinations. For example, π:

<Multi_key> <p> <i> : "π"    U03C0    # GREEK SMALL LETTER PI

You can also save this list in a file called GreekCompose and use include command in ~/.XCompose:

include "%L"
include "/path/to/GreekCompose"

The list above was created by manually adjusting output of small Python script: https://github.com/rybak/scripts/blob/master/extra/gen_x_compose.py


It looks like something has happened to your ubuntu kernel .
You can try another kernel by going to the advanced options in the grub list and trying another one .

However if this doesn't work , try a live bootable usb stick with ubuntu . Hopefully you can still access the root directory of your existing system and save whatever you need before clean reinstall .


How do I open a large file in a terminal (using vim causes terminal to hang)?

Use the command less. less uses a more efficient way of reading a file into memory. There are 2 equivalent commands: more and most (that last one you need to install). Those put the single page into memory.

But your BEST option for searching would be to use grep. Example:

grep {searchstring} {file}

And have a look at logrotate so you span that log over multiple files.

And split can split your current file into equal  parts so you have an easier life looking at that log.


Which File Manager can sort Music by Rating?

Banshee.

There are no general file managers I know of which has ratings for files, or which cares about music as music with ratings. However, Banshee does everything you want here, except does not care about regular files. You can sort your library by rating, change the ratings, and there is a Windows port of it as well.


Flatpak Android Studio cannot access /usr/lib/jvm even after permission was given

I know this is a bit late but I just had the same problem and didn't find a solution anywhere. I finally pieced together that after enabling access /usr/lib/jvm it can be found from inside the flatpak application at the location /var/run/host/usr/lib/jvm.
Enabling access to /usr/lib/jvm can also be done via the command line using
sudo flatpak override --filesystem=/usr/lib/jvm
to enable for all flatpak applications or
sudo flatpak override <package identifier> --filesystem=/usr/lib/jvm
to enable for the given package.
This will still not work if the host java version is dynamically linked (which it will be in most cases) and the libc version of the host differs from the one in the flatpak application. In this case your only option is to use a statically linked version of java or figure out a clever linker trick that will link the host java executeable to the host libc when used from within the flatpak application.
Alternative
You can install OpenJDK in flatpak which will be available at /usr/lib/sdk/openjdk<version>/jvm/ from within the flatpak application.
To install OpenJDK 11 use
flatpak install org.freedesktop.Sdk.Extension.openjdk11
This can not be done as the root user, so don't use sudo. Adjust the version number as needed. You will need to restart Android Studio / IntelliJ / ... in order to be able to access the new OpenJDK installation.
This however will cost you additional disk space. For me it was just over half a gigabyte. Also, now you have two java versions which you will both need to update seperately. Additionally, only the OpenJDK version of the jdk is avaiable for flatpak.


You should make sure the box is checked after the upgrade, and then make the script executable: How to make a file (e.g. a .sh script) executable, so it can be run from terminal

Then you can double click it and it will run.


Ubuntu Refuses to Change Backlight Brightness

Did you set the backlightbrightness to changable in xorg.conf?

You need administrative properties for that, so open a terminal and do:

sudo -H gedit /etc/x11/xorg.conf

then please put this

Option          "RegistryDwords"        "EnableBrightnessControl=1"

As shown here

Section "Device"
..
..
..
Option          "RegistryDwords"         "EnableBrightnessControl=1"
EndSection

If the file does not exist, you can create it.


Text preview boxes are jumbled in Chrome

we're still waiting on amd to release a new AMDPRO GPU driver that works with ubuntu 17.04 if and when they do it should fix this issue (which i also have. BTW it ony does this on first hover. if you hover it again you get to see the actual thing)

an update on ubuntu's stock amd driver is also much needed from canonical/the linux community.

also please specify what grapics card model you have exactly.

if you have ubuntu 16.04 or under then head on over here : http://support.amd.com/en-us/kb-articles/Pages/AMD-Radeon-GPU-PRO-Linux-Beta-Driver%E2%80%93Release-Notes.aspx

see if your graphics card is supported and if it is horray!


how do i use a bluetooth mac keyboard on ubuntu

The layout changes when you have Num Lock, so you get some sort of numpad in the middle-right of the keyboard. Just plug another keyboard to disable Num Lock and try again.


Pre: Optional

Download your movie to have an offline solution. youtube-dl is one of several tools which allow downloading videos from Youtube.

Example:

youtube -t https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCp1_XQbiwc

Package requirements:

youtube-dl

Main Task - Bash-Script

Create a new textfile fire.sh, make it executable via chmod +x fire.sh and insert the following

#!/bin/bash
#
# offline version:
MOVIE_PATH="${HOME}/path/to/local/youtube/movie.extension"
#
# online version:
#MOVIE_PATH="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCp1_XQbiwc"
#
# start video using vlc
/usr/bin/vlc --loop --fullscreen "$MOVIE_PATH"

Package requirements:

vlc

Keep in mind:

There is no real need in moving this commandline call to a script,
while i stilll prefer it as you might want to pimp it overtime (.i.e.
picking a random clip from a selection or whatever else).
vlc should be replaceable with mplayer for example, while you would need to check the needed parameters for loop and fullscreen.

Post: Optional

In case you really need or want a dash icon to start this script consider checking out the package alacarte - while double-clicking the fire.sh in your fileexplorer (assuming nautilus) should offer an execute dialog as well.


How do I find out what version of "libosinfo" I am running?

Speaking of packages installable / installed from the repositories, you can use apt-cache policy to check whether the package is currently installed and to which version it would be upgraded if you were to run sudo apt-get upgrade:

apt-cache policy libosinfo-1.0-0

user@user-X550CL ~ % apt-cache policy libosinfo-1.0-0
libosinfo-1.0-0:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 0.2.11-1.1
  Version table:
     0.2.11-1.1 0
        500 http://it.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ vivid/universe amd64 Packages


With external display, screen turns black after start from suspend Xubuntu 11.10

Multi-monitor support upgraded in Ubuntu 12.04 beta1. I tried out the live CD. suspend/resume works flawlessly.


If something you did triggered the freeze use Apport and trigger the freeze again. Apport will detect it automatically and you should be able to file a bug-report.

This is an excerpt from Debugging System Crashes

If your system crashes at random
intervals, perform a MemoryTest first
before filing any bug reports or
support requests
If your system crashes when a
particular action occurs, and this is
repeatable every time, try the
following steps:

Try to reproduce the crash on a text
console (Control+Alt+F1) if
possible. If the crash occurs during
startup, select the recovery mode
option to disable the splash screen
When the crash occurs, press
Alt+SysRq+1 (one, not L) followed by
Alt+SysRq+t. If using a text
console, you should see a trace
dumped to the screen. If the system
is sufficiently alive, it will also
be logged to /var/log/kern.log and
visible in the output from dmesg.
This information shows where the
crash occurred, and should be
included in any problem reports. If
the output is not saved in any file,
or the system is so bad off that you
cannot retrieve it, you can either
take a digital photo, or hand write
the results. Almost all of the
output is important (so please don't
copy the one line you think is
important, because context means
everything).


Thunderbird runs with an empty profile after I used sudo

You likely messed the permissions of the folders that is uses such as the cache, and it's configuration settings.

Try running the following to get back ownership of all files in your home directory, provided you are logged in as the user who cannot open Thunderbird:

sudo chown -R $USER: ~

Make sure you're in your home directory when you do this!

If you are running as another user in a multi-user environment, you must replace $USER with the user's name.

Ensure in the future that you do not run it as root again.  Similar issues can happen with other software as well. It is safer to use sudo with the -H flag : sudo -H (executable) so that the software runs in root's home directory instead of your own user's home folder.


I am not aware which driver your system is running, for the corresponding module.

Add it to

/etc/initramfs-tools/modules

Update the current kernel RAMDisk using

sudo update-initramfs -u


PPA 404 error upon apt-get update? (related to php7)

Alright, I fixed it. I was doing sudo apt-get install mcrypt php-mcrypt7.0 (or something like that), you need to do sudo apt-get install mcrypt php-mcrypt

without the 7.0

the old php 7 ppa doesn't work, you need to use ppa:ondrej/php instead!

Thank you for reading.


SSH still asks for the publickey even if I try to connect with a user I created with a password

You're using the wrong SSH key, or it's not valid for the server you're trying to connect to.

Check that the key you're using is in fact valid for the server. If you saved it somewhere else, use ssh -i <path_to_key> to force that specific key.

If you don't actually have a key, you need to use the DreamCompute console to either add one temporarily, or disable it from the recovery console (if it has one).

Note: Disabling the SSH key authentication to fallback to a password is a bad idea! SSH keys are much more secure than a password ever could be, and it's highly recommended you keep it enabled.

Then, to disable SSH key authentication on the server, you have to actually, well, turn it off.

In /etc/ssh/sshd_config, there are the following lines:

# Change to no to disable tunnelled clear text passwords
PasswordAuthentication no

Change that no to yes using your favorite text editor, and then restart the ssh service by running: sudo service ssh restart.


Is there an easy way to copy the music from my computer to my mp3 player?

have you tried "clementine music player" when you plugin a usb or mp3 device,just hi-light the music that you want right click and it should say copy to "device or usb" . I know its not banshee but it does the job of copying music over very well.

http://www.clementine-player.org/


why isn't bashrc file visible using find | grep "file" in wsl?

The following answer applies only to Windows 10 Pro OS build 19041.685 and Ubuntu installed ONLY as WSL1.  I don't know how bash will behave when Ubuntu is installed as WSL2.
When you start a bash session via the Windows Terminal > Ubuntu, according to the default shell prompt (PS1), the directory that you see first is user_name@computer_name:/mnt/c/Users/user_name.  That is your user's default folder for Windows -- C:\Users\user_name, but it is not your user's home directory for bash!
At the bash shell prompt, type cd.  That takes you to your bash home directory, and ls -a will display all the dot bash files in it:  .bash_history, .bash_logout, .bashrc, and .profile.
Append anything that you want to .profile to set up your preferred environment.


What is an extension module in iptables?

Extension modules are just that: they extend the capabilities of iptables.  For example, consider the owner module.  The iptable options -m owner --uid-owner lp will select all packets sent by user lp.  This feature is only available if you specify, as above, the owner module.   Likewise, the tcp module makes available options for selecting, among other things, tcp flags such as ACK or RST.  The available modules and their features are detailed in:
man iptables-extensions

Also note that iptables is out-of-date. You should be using nftables instead.


Run the following commands

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ufw
sudo ufw enable

ufw is probably already installed but it doesn't hurt to try and install it if it is. The last command enables the default firewall settings. For more info on using ufw I recommend this post http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1893751 You should get a pretty good idea on how to set rules from the information covered on the topic.

A much easier way to govern your firewall rules is to install gufw which is a frontend GUI to ufw.

sudo apt-get install gufw

You can search for "gufw" or "firewall" in your apps directory or in Gnome Shell I believe it's listed under settings.

picture taken from http://www.noobslab.com/2013/10/tweaksthings-to-do-after-install-of.html


Change WebDav permissions for creating files and folders

Ok, figured it out:

sudo nano /etc/apache2/envvars
Include the following at the bottom of the file:

umask 006

After that restart Apache (sudo services apache2 restart)

This will create files with 660 and folders with 770 permission, if uploaded through WebDav.


Will upgrading to Gnome 3.16 on 15.04 lead to 'dependency hell' when upgrading to 15.10?

If you are not sure the upgrade will go to plan with the upgrade, you can uninstall the PPA's packages:

Using ppa-purge, selecting it in Synaptic etc) and then upgrade - it should be fine then.)
Using Synaptic may work on difficult PPAs, as I found out here:

  ppa-purge is ineffectual with that ppa, (elementary-os/daily) & probably the same with autoremove. I'd add back the ppa & update sources. Then open synaptic > Origin. Click on the entry for that ppa/now. With shift+click highlight all the packages & mark for removal, ect. Then get rid of the ppa.

It may be more stable to do a fresh install anyway (and this is very easy with a separate /home, the installer may automatically offer to do it for you). It may be more stable to do a fresh install anyway (and this is very easy with a separate /home, the installer may automatically offer to do it for you)) - This has been discussed here. You may be able to do a fresh install after a botched upgrade as well.

Just make sure when you do upgrade you have a reliable backup of everything (or just what data is important) so if it does go wrong you can restore easily.


My server freezes after update apache2 server

Do you host your server at home or in DC? If at home try to load from livecd and read logs or load in recovery mode from grub and try to do the same. (/var/log/syslog and etc)


Can automatically mounted camera be automatically unmounted by script in 14.04

For Ubuntu 17.10, 18.04, and up, you'll need to use the utility gio (which replaced gvfs-mount).

If the camera is mounted and you have gphoto2 installed, try

gio mount -s gphoto2

but if you want to target the camera specifically:

gio mount -l

will show you the mountable drives.

If you have a camera plugged in, it might look like this:

$ gio mount -l
Drive(0): DA4032
  Type: GProxyDrive (GProxyVolumeMonitorUDisks2)
Volume(0): Canon Digital Camera
  Type: GProxyVolume (GProxyVolumeMonitorGPhoto2)
  Mount(0): Canon Digital Camera -> gphoto2://%5Busb%3A002,002%5D/
    Type: GProxyShadowMount (GProxyVolumeMonitorGPhoto2)
Mount(1): Canon Digital Camera -> gphoto2://%5Busb%3A002,002%5D/
  Type: GDaemonMount

copying the location after the -> will allow you to unmount it via gio mount -u (unmount, if you look at the help: gio help mount

gio mount -u gphoto2://%5Busb%3A002,002%5D/

will unmount the camera via shell. Now, to automate this, you'll need to create a systemd script.


How to copy only file attributes (metadata) without actual content of the file?

Ok, you can copy owner, group, permission and timestamps using the --reference parameter to chown, chmod, touch. Here is a script to do so

#!/bin/bash
# Filename: cp-metadata

myecho=echo
src_path="$1"
dst_path="$2"

find "$src_path" |
  while read src_file; do
    dst_file="$dst_path${src_file#$src_path}"
    $myecho chmod --reference="$src_file" "$dst_file"
    $myecho chown --reference="$src_file" "$dst_file"
    $myecho touch --reference="$src_file" "$dst_file"
  done

You should run it with sudo (to allow chown) and with two parameters: source and destination directory. The script only echo what it would do. If satisfied change the line myecho=echo with myecho=.


Wired connection isn't connecting to internet

However, I don't understand why that should happen only after you use static-IP -- maybe your interface was configured down initially.
If your router IP is 192.168.1.1 it is very likely to be a Class-B subnet configuration.
This means the netmask would be 255.255.0.0.
By using a Class-C netmask and a network number of 192.168.1.0, you have placed your PC in a different subnet from your router.  That would explain the ping unreachable case.
Show me your interface ip?


freenx server, with nomachine nxclient - I can not disconnect, only log out

I stumbled upon a solution on your issue.

for some reason the pull down menu on the destop that opens up for me does not include a Logoff or anything of that sort but...

When I hit Ctrl+Alt+T I get the Disconnect or logoff dialogue window.


Is the absence of a boot screen ever going to be a problem?

It could be that the timeout for the Grub menu is set to zero. You can have a look by installing Grub Customizer. The link below gives some great help as well as showing you how to install it. Good luck. http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=10340183


Adding Ubuntu to Active Directory with Likewise Open

I had the same issue once and it was because I had 2 NICs. One for this network and another for internet access (was using VMs).

Disabling the 2nd NIC allowed it to work :)


You can try

sudo dpkg --configure -a

and / or

sudo apt-get -f install


Firs with the shebang #!/bin/bash you already defined this is a Bash script. Next step is to create the file executable to run it without the command bash in from of it:

chmod +x /home/lskidson/tests/script.sh

In general the command sudo is not applicable within crontab. If you need to run Cronjob by root you can use the root's crontab, that can be achieved by the command sudo crontab -e.

Now we can go to the Crontab's question. Where you expect to receive the message "I work"? There are few cases.

1. If the executable file generates an output file, or just modifies some things, the Cron job should be:

* * * * * /home/lskidson/tests/script.sh

2. If the program doesn't write any output file and just generates some data within the stdout (as it is in your case), you should redirect it to a file to see it into an appropriate place (this part 2>&1 redirects and the error messages to stdout):

* * * * * /home/lskidson/tests/script.sh >> /home/lskidson/tests/script.sh.log 2>&1

3. While the stdout isn't redirected, Cron will sending local mails to the user (if your local mail is setup properly), unless this is overridden by setting the variable MAILTO in crontab:

MAILTO="my@custom.mail"
* * * * * /home/lskidson/tests/script.sh

References:

How to detect error in cron jobs
How do I make cron create cron.log?


How to install every package from A custom Repository?

You need aptitude for this task (it could be done with other tools but I find this one easier):

sudo aptitude install '?origin(the.origin.name)'

Done,


How to execute livestreamer command with cron?

I found the answer to my question: cron does not get the same environment variables that your terminal does.

It certainly doesn't get your home folder as starting working directory.  Therefore, saying...

./getfaisgpstream

...does not work.  What you need to do instead, is:

/home/me/getfaisgpstream

Since it also does not get the same path that you do in your terminal, saying...

livestreamer --hds-timeout 300 ...

... does not work either.  What you need to do instead, is:

/usr/local/bin/livestreamer


if you just want to pull the data from a damaged drive before trying to recover the drive usability via reformat, booting from a livecd of some sort is really the best option. there's lots of good distros for doing so. SystemRescueCD is probably the foremost of these and i've used it several times with great success


First of all you need make it executable.
Then move it to /bin directory (you need root-rights):

$chmod +x capscr
$sudo mv ./capsrc /bin

I also recomend to you to edit capscr file, for example mine:

#!/bin/bash
timestamp="$(date +%d.%m.%Y"_shot_"%H:%M:%S)"
targetbase="$HOME/Pictures/screenshots"
mkdir -p $targetbase
[ -d $targetbase ] || exit 1
import -window root -quality 98 $targetbase/$timestamp.png


Steam won't work on Ubuntu 15.10 64-bit "libGL error: unable to load driver:"

seems to be a Problem with the libs from Steam.
Here is a link which discribe the problem link .
You can try to delete the file like suggested there.

Alternativly you can try start steam without this libs with adding STEAM_RUNTIME=0.
You can test this if you start a terminal and start steam with this like

STEAM_RUNTIME=0 steam

Regards,
  Kai


This list is not exhaustive, there are other options out there.
oysttyer
This is the surviving offspring of TTYtter the first command line Twitter client to emerge (based on Perl). This is likely still the most popular of these programmes. I couldn not find an installer, but it should work simply by checking it out from GitHub and running the script.

t
A Ruby based Twitter terminal client. You need to install Ruby and configure a few things, but it is not too complicated. Interaction is made using the t command followed by a specific option. Short review and install instructions are available at Xmodulo.

Rainbow Stream
A Python based Twitter client with loadsa features, including image display on the console. The user interacts through a twitter specific command line. It is relatively easy to install, you can find instructions at GitHub.

Tweetx
This Twitter client is written in C and uses the ncurses library, internally working as a mail client. This one you must compile it yourself, but it should be fairly easy.


How can I detect all changes made from a default install or point in time?

For snapshots:

you can use, snapper or backintime-common. Here's how to install both of these:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install snapper backintime-common

more info on snapper can be found here

more info on backintime can be found here

and this ubuntugeek article on backintime

To checkout your dpkg logs:

Your system changes such as all the package changes updates and installed/uninstalled packages are listed in /var/log/dpkg.log. Open a terminal and execute the following commands to take a look at what you have here:

First, make a directory to work in:

mkdir ~/dpkg

change your current directory:

cd ~/dpkg

copy your dpkg log files into the new directory:

sudo cp /var/log/dpkg.log* ~/dpkg

change the owner of the files to your username:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER ~/dpkg

unzip the compressed logfiles (if any). BTW it might say "unknown suffix -- ignored" and that's okay:

gunzip dpkg.log.*

list the files in your directory

ls

The newest entries will be found in dpkg.log, the oldest entries will be found in the file with the largest number at the end of the filename (dpkg.log.2 for example or dpkg.log.3 and so on).

To read the most recent changes (file dpkg.log):

less dpkg.log

or, from any directory:

less ~/dpkg/dpkg.log

To read dpkg.log.2 for example:

less dpkg.log.2

and so on. Press q to exit a file.

Most other log files can be found in /var/log as well. To list the contents of /var/log:

ls /var/log

Alternatively, you could install ubuntu on a btrfs partition rather than use the default ext4 filesystem. Unlike windows (which is only installable on NTFS), Ubuntu can be installed on many different filesystem types. The default is ext4, there is ext3, ext2, btrfs and a couple others available as well if I'm not mistaken. You may be interested in checking it out for a future ubuntu install.

If you install ubuntu using a btrfs partition instead of an ext4 fylesystem, you can then install these helpful tools after installation of the operating system:

sudo apt-get install btrfs-tools* apt-btrfs-snapshot

Snapshots are made each time you use apt-get so you can always revert back after installing or uninstalling software.

official ubuntu documentation can be found here

btrfs vs ext4 benchmarking on kernel 3.15 can be found here (not ubuntu specific)


I have a machine with almost the same specs and Lubuntu is running very smooth on it. My recommendation is to go with Lubuntu.


What is the replacement for gnome-open in GNOME?

It appears that gvfs-open is taking over for the role of gnome-open in Precise and is installed by default.

xdg-open is also an option:

What can I use instead of gnome-open?


Can't confirm wine installation on ubuntu12.04

You need to use the TAB key to get focus on the OK and then you can hit enter.


How do I enable the "partner" repository?

GUI Way:

Click on the ubuntu button, then search for  "Software Sources" (or "Software & Updates" on Ubuntu 16.04+) and go to the "Other Software" tab.

Command Line Way:

Open the sources.list file: gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list (or with the command line editor of your choice, sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list would use nano on the command line without a GUI)
Add the partner repositories by removing the # in front of the following lines (maverick is the version of your Ubuntu installation, it may differ, so use the codename of the release you are using instead of 'maverick'. If you're not sure run lsb_release -c to find out.)

# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu maverick partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu maverick partner

Save and Close.
Resynchronize the package index files from their sources: sudo apt-get update
Official documentation for reference


/etc/network/interfaces (Skype works but my browser doesn't)

Usually the broadcast address for an IPv4 network is at the very end of the network address space. In your case, a network 192.168.1.0 using subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 results in a broadcast address of 192.168.1.255. This is basic IPv4 networking matter (not OS specific). Without specifying a broadcast line in your interfaces file for an interface will make Ubuntu to guess it.

So, generally speaking, just remove your broadcast line there. Check the results by inspecting the output of ifconfig wlan0.

I do recommend to read about some IPv4 basics and try to put them in practise in Ubuntu. It will help much of your understanding in future occasions.


Gradle requires a Java JDK to be installed. Gradle requires a JDK 1.5
  or higher. Gradle ships with its own Groovy library, therefore no
  Groovy needs to be installed. Any existing Groovy installation is
  ignored by Gradle.

  Gradle uses whichever JDK it finds in your path (to check, use java
  -version). Alternatively, you can set the JAVA_HOME environment variable to point to the install directory of the desired JDK.

So make sure that you have Java JDK installed, then head to Gradle's Website to download Gradle, and any other info that you may need.

Or, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cwchien/gradle
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gradle

Source:Gradle


It depends on the desktop environment you are using, but this should work in most cases:

mv ~/.config ~/.config-old

Log out, then log in. Your configuration is reset. If you want to get back to your old configuration, you can move back the old configuration files.


Installing Cisco Packet Tracer 7 on Ubuntu 16.10

Here is how I installed Packet Tracer.  After downloading the file, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal in the same folder the trace file was downloaded.  When it opens, I ran the command below, and that started the installation process:

sudo ./install

Once the installation was done, I ran

packettracer

And that started the app.

You also can create a desktop shortcut for the application


you need to use / compile a custom kernel or use another distribution that support your processor.

"i386" is now in fact i686 with PAE enabled hardware. I've had that with via C3 processors.

For the easy part use xubuntu or lubuntu instead of ubuntu.

if you don't want lxde or xfce you'll be able to install kde, gnome, gnome shell or unity afterwards.


The proprietary driver from Additional Drivers (search for Additional Drivers in the Dash and click on the Additional Drivers icon to open Additional Drivers) should give you better performance than the open source driver. Select the Nvidia driver from Additional Drivers that has [Recommended] appearing after it. The recommended GPU driver is from the Ubuntu Software Center, and is supposed to be safe and run properly, and be safer than any other graphics driver that you might download from a manufacturer's website.

It happens occasionally for certain models of graphics processors, especially the newest models of graphics cards on older versions of Ubuntu, that the proprietary graphics processor driver will cause Ubuntu to boot to a black screen with a low-graphics mode message box. If this problem can't be solved in any other way, then you may have to use the open source graphics driver instead of the proprietary graphics driver.


Do sudo apt-get update and then  install again


You can install using apt-get:

sudo apt-get install vnstat

You can check if the service is running by running:

sudo service vnstat status

EDIT: You may not see any errors, if you see Active: active (running) on the third line, the program was installed and the service installed correctly.

Please update your question with any errors that are out-printed. It should take some time to collect data and put it in the database. When you type vnstat in a terminal and press enter you will see a message:

                      rx      /      tx      /     total    /   estimated
eth0: Not enough data available yet.

Where eth0 is replaced with a set of your network adapters with the same message next to it.

Hope this helps!


The output of free -h indicates that swap is being used - the swap process is still running.

Enter the command

sudo swapoff /path/to/swapfile/to/be/deleted

This will disable the swapfile, and the file can be deleted at that point.

Please note that if you have created an entry in /etc/fstab for the swapfile, you should also delete it (or comment it out by adding # at the beginning of the line).


Ubuntu turbo boost - boosting all cores instead of one for single thread load

Is your computer running a desktop version of Ubuntu, with all that GUI stuff? The issue is that "idle" on a desktop computer actually isn't and what you are observing in your CPU frequency listings is the result of the other cores waking up to do the other tasks.

My main test computer is an Ubuntu 16.04 server (no GUI) with an older i7-2600K. "idle" is better than for a desktop, but still not great. However, if I disable several services "idle" becomes much better and we start to observe considerable time spent at the maximum single active core CPU frequency when we subsequently apply a single 100% load (12.5% is 1 of 8 CPUs at full load):

cpu5: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x0004005d (C1E auto-promotion: DISabled)
cpu5: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x23242526
35 * 100.0 = 3500.0 MHz max turbo 4 active cores
36 * 100.0 = 3600.0 MHz max turbo 3 active cores
37 * 100.0 = 3700.0 MHz max turbo 2 active cores
38 * 100.0 = 3800.0 MHz max turbo 1 active cores

doug@s15:~/temp$ cat set_cpu_turn_off_services
#! /bin/bash
# Turn off some services to try to get "idle" to be more "idle"
sudo systemctl stop mysql.service
sudo systemctl stop apache2.service
sudo systemctl stop nmbd.service
sudo systemctl stop smbd.service
sudo systemctl stop cron.service
sudo systemctl stop winbind.service
sudo systemctl stop apt-daily.timer
sudo systemctl stop libvirtd.service

doug@s15:~/temp$ sudo ./set_cpu_turn_off_services
doug@s15:~/temp$ sudo turbostat --quiet --Summary --show Busy%,Bzy_MHz,PkgTmp,PkgWatt,GFXWatt,IRQ --interval 15
Busy%   Bzy_MHz IRQ     PkgTmp  PkgWatt GFXWatt
0.03    1600    686     25      3.79    0.12  <<< Check my idle, before applying load
0.02    1600    401     27      3.78    0.12
0.02    1600    395     25      3.78    0.12
0.02    1600    356     26      3.78    0.12
0.02    1600    395     25      3.78    0.12
10.25   3796    12991   42      19.44   0.12  <<< Apply single 100% load
12.51   3800    15777   44      23.12   0.12  <<< max turbo freq for 1 active core.
12.51   3800    15740   45      23.21   0.12
12.51   3800    15769   47      23.31   0.12


The easiest way is to install either VMWare or VirtualBox, and load Oracles' very own brand of Linux into a virtual machine.  They even have pre-made images that you can download  Oracle VM images


There is a list of archive mirrors on Launchpad, with multiple options in China and Hong Kong.


where to update Java JDK? (not how to install)

Firstly, you may find it easier to use webupd8's PPA. You can find more information at the launchpad page for the PPA. https://launchpad.net/~webupd8team/+archive/ubuntu/java. To add this PPA, run:

sudo rm -r /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle  # to remove the current installation
sudo apt-get install python-software-properties  # to install the extra commands to add the apt repository
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java  # to add the PPA (accept the prompts)
sudo apt-get update  # to get the repository info from the PPA
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer  # to install the oracle java (version 8, what you previously had installed)
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-set-default  # to set the newly installed java as default

In order to update, you can simply use your normal update procedure.

If you choose to continue with the downloading from Oracle method, you need to complete the following steps:

Remove the old installation.
Download the tarball and install it.

To remove the old installation, you can simply run in a terminal

sudo rm -r /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle

And then use the same installation steps as you used previously. If you need help with this, please see this question.


You could try making a script, and run it type this:

#/bin/sh
   [default]
   case [!$] in
      /bin/sh
      networkname="true"
      networkname="ip adr here"
      nmcli nm networkname vpn
      resolve.confirm ip adr here
   endl

and it might work fine this way.


Where did the "Safe Removal" in the Disks (Disk Utility) application go in 12.10?

You can safely remove a drive from the file manager itself. There is an icon alongside the volumes that have been mounted.

The icon you need to click it the one to the right on the Data label under the Devices, of course the label will be different for your volumes.


Just had the same problem and got here. For me, unsubscribing from the Quick Start Mod (Linux Version, https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=1327838427&searchtext=quick) did the trick. Good Luck!


initctl reload-configuration command not found

You just need to install it using apt-install upstart:

Try the command initctl and you will se the next output, then use the command above:

root@ip-XXXXXX:/opt/tomcat# initctl
The program 'initctl' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:
apt install upstart

Command to install it:

root@ip-172-31-61-112:/opt/tomcat# apt install upstart

Possible issue

If you see an output like next:

initctl: Unable to connect to Upstart: Failed to connect to socket /com/ubuntu/upstart: Connection refused

Just run:

sudo apt-get install upstart-sysv


How to upgrade to GNOME 3.30 on Ubuntu 18.04.1

According to The Best New Features in GNOME 3.30
:

  It will be available to download as source code from the GNOME Gitlab page, and be available to try via a live USB image.

  Although many Linux distributions come with GNOME by default few distribute major new releases right away, instead choosing to ship the update as part of a new release.

  Rolling release distros are the exception of course, so Arch, Manjaro and others will likely make this update available soon.

Please note the second paragraph.

There's also a detailed answer to an earlier question of similar nature here: How to get Gnome 3.14 on ubuntu 14.04.

Edit: and now GNOME 3.30 is available via Flatpak.

Edit on 20181121: I couldn't find it in https://flathub.org/apps/category/All


Please give me an FFMPEG tutorial that works on Ubuntu 12.04

We solved the problems after various discussions in the comments where I linked to my detailed guide, which also references the official ffmpeg guide.

Andrej's system was Ubuntu 12.04 server.

It is only possible to list some general points below, as there was no one single issue that was the problem in the failed compilation attempts:

Firstly, it is necessary to remove any existing packages  with

sudo apt-get remove ffmpeg x264 libav-tools libvpx-dev libx264-dev

so that possible conflicts are avoided when trying to compile ffmpeg and its libraries later.
In the official ffmpeg guide  the dependencies are slightly different for desktop and server, and there are also several notes throughout the guide that should be followed if installing on a server. The sets of build dependencies for desktop and server are listed in the official guide.
One thing Andrej mentioned was that he had got dependencies such as libx264-dev, but actually that is one of the things that should be removed (as in the first command above). If you want x264 support or aac support, etc, you must compile x264, fdk-aac, libvpx and opus before you build ffmpeg. Compiling ffmpeg should be the last thing done; you should not download the build dependencies and then begin compiling ffmpeg as you need to compile several libraries yourself if you want the various support for certain audio/video types.
If it is proving problematic to compile certain libraries or build ffmpeg with support for them, you should be able to edit the ffmpeg ./configure line in the guide; e.g. to remove an --enable-libxxx line. Conversely, for opus support, you need to add --enable-libopus. I was about to suggest further tweaking the ./configure line, when Andrej solved his problem, but it is useful to remember this for future builds if problems occur.
For more details on compiling ffmpeg and possible problems that can arise, see my detailed answer for this question.


Which Linux distros support VMWare's autofit guest feature?

Ok, since no one is answering I'll be left to do some trial and error. I'll update this post when I discover new distros that work:

Auto fit worked after installing VMWare tools

Linux Mint 15 (Cinnnamon)
Xubuntu 12.04.3 (XFCE)
Kubuntu 13.10 (KDE)

Autofit does not work, even with VMWare tools

Lubuntu 13.10 (LXDE)


Ubuntu 10.04: Can I format a drive on one server and move it to a different server?

Formatting a drive does not have any relation or specific tie to the computer that formatted it. The UUID (or guid) is not tied to the computer, but if you want a different one, you can always assign a new one with the computer you put it into using gparted. Right click on the partition/drive and select "new uuid". I've even installed full linux installations and moved the drive from one computer to another and been able to use it without a hitch, boot and all. Think of a drive, especially a linux based one, as almost universally portable.


How do I set the default size of /dev/shm?

Try putting a /dev/shm line in the fstab file to override the default settings:

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,noexec,nosuid,size=100M 0 0

If that doesn't work, you can try remounting it after it's been mounted at boot, for example by putting this line into the /etc/rc.local file

mount -o remount,size=100M /run/shm


How can I read a netbsd (UFS filesystem) disk?

By default BSD partitions are formatted with FFSv1, but there are other FS types like 4.4BSD, FFSv2 etc(source). FFS is also called UFS.

You can try mount the partition /dev/sde2 with sudo mount -t ufs -o ro,ufstype=ufs2 /dev/sde2 /media/mountdir(create the directory mountdir first)(source).

Other ufstype options can be found here.

Sadly, Linux only has read support (source) for UFS-based filesystems, as "..Compatibility between (UFS) implementations as a whole is spotty at best " (source).

 Consolidated from comment discussions. Credit where credit is due: Samik answered this


Can't connect to wired or wireless network with Dell D520

I've figured out how to do it. I should preface this saying that I don't know if this is the correct way of doing it, but it worked for me so I decided to post it.

First I did:

  sudo apt-get remove bcmwl-kernel-source

Then I followed the tutorial here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/Driver/bcm43xx

I used the "b43 - No Internet Access" method and it worked!

Good luck to anybody else who encounters this problem!


Can I remotely control my Ubuntu PC (16.04) from my BQ m10 Ubuntu Tablet?

Which level of control are you looking for?
For graphical (VNC) connections you can try Remmina. I have successfully installed Remmina in a new libertine container but haven't tested a lot with that yet. I have only used it to connect to Windows VM's so far.

To install Remmina:

Start by adding a new libertine-container: libertine-container-manager create --id vivid --type chroot --name 'vivid' and then install remmina with libertine-container-manager install-package -i vivid -p remmina.

Once that is done you'll need a desktop shortcut which is a .desktop file in ~/.local/share/applications.
This file is called vivid_remmina_0.0.desktop and contains:
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Remmina
Exec=/bin/true
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
Icon=/home/phablet/.cache/libertine-container/vivid/rootfs/usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps/remmina.png
Keywords=Libertine
NotShowIn=Unity;
X-Ubuntu-Touch=true
X-Ubuntu-XMir-Enable=true


Segmentation fault and missing libraries

It looks like libstdc++ isn't installed. Try installling it by sudo apt install libstdc++6


That's because there are no internet drivers for the USB adapter. Try plugging it in to a wired connection then trying to find some installable software for the adapter.


Frequently disconnections of wifi on lenovo yoga 2

Download this driver

make sure it's unzipped on your desktop then open terminal and type these commands:

cd Desktop

then

cd rtlwifi_new-master

then

sudo make install

Reboot after installation has finished.


How to save applications for re-install or upgrade?

It does not work like that in Ubuntu (and in Linux in general).

Unlike Windows, Ubuntu does not keep all the files needed for an application in a single folders. Rather it shares common files needed by the system as well as other apps. So, files are stored in folders for different types of common files/libraries.

The default installation of Ubuntu contains a fair share of applications, such as LibreOffice. These will get reinstalled / upgraded in the default location.

As a result, the additional apps (those installed afterwards) probably will get into dependency issues if you put them in a different partition, as there will be two sets of /usr/bin etc. and the files won't be in sync. So, if you use the set in the root (/) partition the system and the default applications will work but the applications in the other partition may not, and if you try to use (mount) the ones in the other partition, the system and the default applications will break as they will try to use the older libraries.

See Backing up third party apps before reinstalling Ubuntu for alternate means of saving application lists and re-install in one go.

Hope this helps


Ubuntu Studio install still runs off external hard drive

It looks like your /dev/sda is used entirely by Windows and your /dev/sdb is split roughly 50/50 between Windows and Ubuntu. Given your description, I suspect that /dev/sdb is your external disk, but I can't be 100% positive of that.

If I'm right, then the problem is that GRUB (the Ubuntu boot loader) is installed partly on /dev/sda1 (the EFI System Partition, or ESP, on that disk) and partly on /dev/sdb3 (the main Linux partition), with GRUB set as the default boot program. This works fine when the ESP and Linux partition are on the same disk, or even on two different, but permanently-installed, disks; but when you unplug the Linux disk, this approach falls to pieces. There are several solutions to this problem, such as:

Live with it. You can type exit (IIRC; or maybe it's quit or something similar) at the grub> prompt when you try to boot with the external disk unplugged and the system will probably boot to Windows.
Shrink a partition on /dev/sda to clear up about 500-1000 MB of space, create a new Linux partition there, and set it up as a separate /boot partition. This will require copying kernels from the current /boot files to the new partition; modifying /etc/fstab to permanently mount the new partition at /boot; and re-installing GRUB, or at least doing some heavy-duty reconfiguration of it. Still, this may be easier than doing a full re-installation of Ubuntu, particularly if you've invested time in configuring Ubuntu or have files you want to preserve.
Install my rEFInd boot manager to the ESP on /dev/sda. rEFInd does not rely on any Ubuntu files once installed, so when you boot with the external disk unplugged, rEFInd installed on /dev/sda will detect just Windows (and GRUB, but you could delete or hide that); and with the external disk plugged in, rEFInd will detect both Windows and Ubuntu. If you install the rEFInd PPA or Debian package, it will install to whatever ESP is mounted at /boot/efi; type df /boot/efi to find out what that is. Chances are it's /dev/sda1, which is what you'd want.
Re-install Ubuntu, but put it entirely on /dev/sda, as MichaelBay suggests. If this is what you intended originally, it might be worth doing, despite the extra hassle. OTOH, it is extra hassle. You'll probably also want or need to reclaim the space used by your current Ubuntu installation.


Driver for my fingerprint reader are not found or configured up to linux kernel version 5.8 so how to resolve this issue?

Ubuntu groovy in development is using the 5.8 kernel
Ubuntu 20.04 with HWE enabled will upgrade to using the 20.10 stack with Ubuntu 20.04.2 (ie. the 5.8 kernel). That's a distance away currently, as whilst the release of Ubuntu 20.10 (now groovy) is known the release date for 20.04.2 has currently not been scheduled
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/FocalFossa/ReleaseSchedule for the schedule
I don't see any point in making a request for it as its already planned; it'll occur when 20.04.2 is out; alas that date is unknown at this stage (late this year maybe, if not early 2021).
Focal dailies are available if you'd like to try it, but whilst the 5.8 kernel maybe there already, I'm unsure sorry as I've not run one since groovy was bumped to 5.8 - http://iso.qa.ubuntu.com/


error with plasma display: "org.kde.plasma.private.kicker" is not installed

ok,I've solved it using:
sudo apt-get remove kubuntu-desktop;
sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop;


How to disable powerbutton in 13.10 minimal?

Edit/add the following line to /etc/systemd/logind.conf

HandlePowerKey=ignore

Some more details here: How to prevent the Power button to shutdown directly the system?


So my main question is, is there a comprehensive list of all addresses and ports that need to be open in a cooperate firewall for apt to work?

Plain and simple: No. There ain't. Because apt can be configured to use any repositories you want.

Even with the default, tld.archive.ubuntu.com, this is difficult. It redirects to other. Consider for instance no.archive.ubuntu.com:

$ dig no.archive.ubuntu.com +short
ubuntu-archive.trivini.no.
ftp.acc.umu.se.
194.71.11.173
194.71.11.165

These may very well change from time to time, so if you whitelist (based on DNS preferably) you will have to make sure your firewall solution updates it from time to time.

In addition to the local archive (probably se.archive.ubuntu.com in your case), you should add security.ubuntu.com to your whitelist. Both is accessible over port 80, normal HTTP.

For keys, you don't need open ports; you can fetch keys over http, and the number of keys is usually rather small, and you can add them manually. So I'd wager that you will manage with port 80 open towards tld.archive.ubuntu.com and security.ubuntu.com.


What is creating /run/netplan/eth0.yaml?

This file is created by initramfs-tools when you pass network configuration options to your system on the kernel command line, such as when using NFS or iSCSI or when configuring ssh in the initramfs for remote cryptsetup unlocking.

You should be able to override to set renderer: NetworkManager in a file sorting lexically after eth0.yaml and redirect this network interface to NetworkManager that way.


Anybody have a link to Plex debian package pre v1

Just found this, thought I'd share

wget "https://downloads.plex.tv/plex-media-server/0.9.16.3.1840-cece46d/plexmediaserver_0.9.16.3.1840-cece46d_amd64.deb"


Use bash and ffmpeg in 18.04 to concatenate multiple 3GP files to one 3GP file, matching by date YYYYMMDD in filename

3GP files can be concatenated with the use of ffmpeg by a command similar to:

ffmpeg -f concat -i <(find . -name 'YYYYMMDD_XXXXXX.3gp' -printf "file '$PWD/%p'\n") -c copy YYYYMMDD.3gp

once you create a for-next loop to filter on the YYYYMMDD using the first instance of the first value for that as a variable, collect the _XXXXXX file name components, and step through them sequentially; then, move on to the next YYYYMMDD value and step through all its files.

--

An alternate and more elegant method using a virtual concat demuxer which has brought to my attention by llogan would be to

A) count the number of files with the first YYYYMMDD prefix, then
B) create a control file mylist.txt with a line for each of the files matching that date prefix, which would look like:

  $ cat mylist.txt
  file '/path/to/file1'
  file '/path/to/file2'
  file '/path/to/file3'
  file '/path/to/file4'

or

  $ cat mylist.txt
  file '/path/to/YYYYMMDD_XXXXX1.3gp'
  file '/path/to/YYYYMMDD_XXXXX2.3gp'
  file '/path/to/YYYYMMDD_XXXXX3.3gp'
  file '/path/to/YYYYMMDD_XXXXX4.3gp'

then C) execute

ffmpeg -f concat -i mylist.txt -c copy YYYYMMDD.mp4

Now, you've concatenated the first file set. Step on to the next YYYYMMDD group and repeat.


Evolution after upgradeing to Ubuntu 13.04

I had the same problem after I upgraded to Ubuntu 13.04 from Ubuntu 12.10 just yesterday. If I opened Evolution, it came up and closed itself within one second.  Anyhow I was able to open the Calendar, the Contacts and the "Compose New Mail" part of Evolution directly from the launcher without crashing. But as soon as I changed to the Email window, Evolution crashed again. It also crashed, when I tried to access the preferences (after I started Evolution Calender or Contacts directly).

I found the following bug with some workaround that did not help me either, but perhaps they will help you?

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/evolution/+bug/1166447

Anyhow the information from this bug report helped me to solve this issue:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/evolution/+bug/1173551

I used the Synaptic Package Manager to completely remove Evolution (just the main package including two linked packages auto-selected by Synaptic). After that I did a reboot of my machine and used the Ubuntu Software Center to install Evolution again. After this procedure Evolution started without any problems. All my e-mail accounts as well as my locally stored e-mails were still there.
Nevertheless I made a backup of ~/.local/share/evolution prior to the procedure mentioned above.

Hope that helps!


remove stuck package: subprocess installed post-installation script was killed

replacing /var/lib/dpkg/info/yd-tools.postinst with a exit 0
 dummy did the trick


How do I feed Skype a prerecorded video?

Sure you can.

You can use the Webcam Studio, which will allow you to use pre-recorded media, such as images, audio/video, etc. as a source to create a virtual "bridge" between your live streams (webcam, digital cameras/players, etc.) and other media.

Unfortunately I don't have who to call in order to perform a test right now but I have used this for both Skype and Web Based Services like Ubiqq (http://www.ubiqq.com) and Ustream.TV (http://www.ustream.tv/) As shown in the provided screenshots.

On this screenshot you can see Skype recognizing Webcam studio Video Device (/dev/video0) as a source, somehow the "Test" button won't work (at least on my system) but it works when on a call.

This screenshot shows the usage of the Virtual Video Device from WebcamStudio on ubiqq. Which is a flash/web based video conferencing system.

Give this a try. Webcam Studio will allow you to choose both live and pre-recorded media, and enrich it with effects which includes animations, text, and further more.

I hope this help you and if so, enjoy!

Good luck!


How to change desktop settings back after using gksudo nautilus?

It sounds to me like somehow nautilus is running as root and replacing yourdesktop. Normally this should not happen.

However, here is a likely solution. Use:

gksu nautilus --no-desktop

when launching nautilus as root.

If you get the problem of your desktop being altered as before, run:

gksu killall nautilus

or from a terminal:

sudo killall nautilus

.


E: Unable to locate package libsystemd-dev

Try doing this:

sudo apt-file update to download the package list.

sudo apt-file search libsystemd

After this you will get the list of packages:

libsystemd-daemon-dev and other packages like libsystemd-login-dev and libsystemd-journal-dev

Install these packages using sudo apt-get install <package>


Why are these old kernel packages starred?

From man apt-get:

   --purge
       Use purge instead of remove for anything that would be removed. An
       asterisk ("*") will be displayed next to packages which are
       scheduled to be purged.  remove --purge is equivalent to the purge
       command. Configuration Item: APT::Get::Purge.

And you did use apt-get purge.


Purging Vista from Ubuntu that's partitioned; mechanism and how to

You are partially correct. You can think of Vista and Ubuntu as separate rooms. But say if you remove Vista you will be able to use newly freed space without any issue. Now it's upto you about what file system to use for this newly freed space. You can either use NTFS or EXT3 (or any Ubuntu supported format).

And I think, you can combine partitions wall as well if partitions belong to same group (Primary or Logical). For that try gparted, it has nice UI and it is very easy to use


It is not possible at least for now ,it is hardly coded in unity ,To it you have to create a patch for unity


Why not use htop [interactive process viewer]? In order to install it, open a terminal window and type:

sudo apt-get install htop

Also see man htop for more information and how to set it up.


autofs not working after update to Ubuntu 15.10

You can get some clues, follow debug steps:

Debugging Auto Mount Problems

If you are having trouble automounting your file systems, it may be useful to run automount in the foreground.

Stop the autofs daemon

sudo service autofs stop

Run automount in the foreground with verbose information

sudo automount -f -v

From another terminal, try to mount your file-systems by changing directories into the mountpoint.
Check the output from the first terminal for clues as to why the mount failed or was not attempted.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Autofs


Show Desktop/Workspaces/Active Windows by Hovering the mouse to any corner of the desktop

The four corners of the desktop can be made put into use effectively by using to them "Show The Desktop" or as a "Workspace Switcher" or to "Show Active Windows". Something like the Gnome 3's top left corner.

I have done this on Unity and I don't know about the same working on Gnome 3.x.

11.10 onwards

Here's How, Install Ubuntu Tweak, execute the following Commands

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/next

  sudo apt-get update

  sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak

Once installed, please proceed to "Tweaks > Compiz Settings", under "Compiz Settings" configure the edges of ur screen to ur desired functionality.

  Show Desktop -> Minimizes all the window and brings focus to the
  desktop (emulates Ctrl+Alt+D)

  Show Windows -> Shows all the active Windows (something like Alt+Tab,
  but better)

  Show Workspaces -> Same function as the Workspace Switcher that u see
  on the launcher.

Now u don't even need to click anything. Just touch the edges. :)

11.04

Install Ubuntu Tweak. Here's How,

Go To Software Center,

  Click Edit -> Software Sources -> Other Software Tab and click on Add

and add the following PPA to your Software Sources

  ppa:tualatrix/ppa

Close out and go back into Software Center.  Search and install "Ubuntu Tweak".

Now make the changes as shown in the screenshot.


When i open wubi.exe for installing edubuntu it again downloads the edubuntu-13.10-dvd-i386 .iso file.Why does this happen?

I'm confused. Are you trying to use WUBI on your pen drive, or on the HDD of your computer?
If the former, why? and if the latter then WUBI needs an iso file to install from, not a bootable pen drive.
You need to download the iso file and place it in the same directory as WUBI.exe. Then when you run WUBI it will find the iso file and install from that.


How to update youtube-dl on ubuntu 18.10?

That's the wrong command, and anyhow the version in the Ubuntu repos (installable through apt) does not receive updates very frequently and is many versions behind. Try removing the version you have installed now and following the guidance on the youtube-dl downloads page.

sudo curl -L https://yt-dl.org/downloads/latest/youtube-dl -o /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl && sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl

Now when you want to update you don't need apt, just use sudo youtube-dl -U (or use the longer-form --update in place of -U as Hugo already posted).

If you prefer not to use sudo, try installing with pip to your home directory instead with pip install --user youtube_dl and then update regularly with pip install --upgrade --user youtube_dl.


Error Getting Dependencies for Matplotlib

There's a bug in the current Ubuntu 14.04 packaging of Python.

One suggested workaround is to downgrade:

apt-get install -y --force-yes python3.4{,-minimal}=3.4.0-2ubuntu1.1 libpython3.4{,-minimal,-stdlib}=3.4.0-2ubuntu1.1

This worked in my very limited testing, but comments on the bug report indicate that it broke other packages.

There's also a proposed update available, which I have not tried. See comments on the bug report for details.


Is there a better way to programatically get the networking parameters from Linux OS?

For the names of all the defined network interfaces, I'd just look at the contents of the /sys/class/net directory.

For the rest, it depends what you mean by "Linux OS". If you are referring to current desktop versions of Ubuntu, then the nmcli command-line utility seems to provide a lot of the functionality that you are looking for e.g.

$ nmcli --terse --fields FREQ,RATE,SIGNAL dev wifi list bssid XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
5220 MHz:54 MB/s:70

$ nmcli --terse --fields IP4 dev list iface wlan0
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:ip = 192.168.1.16/24, gw = 192.168.1.1
IP4.DNS[1]:192.168.1.1

If that does not provide the fine control that you need, you could roll your own by interfacing to DBUS either using the command-line dbus-send and/or dbus-monitor tools or the C or python DBUS API's - the documentation is a bit thin but there are one or two helpful tutorials for example Dbus Tutorial - Fun with Network Manager


can not setup or update anything after a mistaken command

First thing first:

Press  CRTL+ALT+T  to open terminal.

Second thing:

Copy and paste gksudo nautilus /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ into the terminal and press ENTER.

Finally:

Look for '10gen.list'   and delete it from the source list. Save it and exit. Next thing is to type sudo apt-get update at the terminal to update your files.


How does Ubiquity determine the required disk space before installation?

To determine the required disk space, Ubiquity will multiply two by an amount of bytes found in the filesystem.size file. Depending on machine setup, Ubiquity may not show the actual required disk space. The full explanation as follows.

The built-in logic

Look into the exact ubiquity package. Browse the file at usr/lib/ubiquity/ubiquity/misc.py and find the function install_size() as follows.

def install_size():
    if min_install_size:
        return min_install_size

    # Fallback size to 5 GB
    size = 5 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024

    # Maximal size to 8 GB
    max_size = 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024

    try:
        with open('/cdrom/casper/filesystem.size') as fp:
            size = int(fp.readline())
    except IOError:
        pass

    # TODO substitute into the template for the state box.
    min_disk_size = size * 2  # fudge factor

    # Set minimum size to 8GB if current minimum size is larger
    # than 8GB and we still have an extra 20% of free space
    if min_disk_size > max_size and size * 1.2 < max_size:
        min_disk_size = max_size

    return min_disk_size

min_install_size = None

The min_install_size seems irrelevant and useless at this time of finding.

The try statement will attempt to read the amount of bytes found in /cdrom/casper/filesystem.size, then store the value as integer in the variable size, which then will be multiplied by two, then store in another variable min_disk_size. Finally, the function will return the value of min_disk_size.

Based on the built-in logic, the required disk space is usually twice the amount of bytes found in the filesystem.size file.

Some clarification

  The required disk space was previously about 5 GB (Ubuntu 12.04), 8 GB (Ubuntu 16.04), and has since increased to 25 GB (Ubuntu 18.04), as per minimum system requirements. In practice, the absolute minimum for required disk space may differ by installation media and machine.

The required disk space for Ubuntu 18.04 is overstated. If the required disk space is twice the amount of filesystem.size, Ubuntu 18.04 will actually need only about 10 GB or less.

  I have clarified that Ubuntu 16.04 will require at least 8 GB disk space only on a physical machine, but the minimum changes to 8.3 GB when installing to a virtual machine (bottom half screenshot).

This either had been noted wrongly or had been mistaken for 16.04 release of other flavours. In fact, I could not reproduce the test result for seeing precisely 8 GB disk space required on a physical machine. From my recent test results, the required disk space for Ubuntu 16.04 is 8.3 GB, regardless of a physical machine or a virtual machine.

In the following screenshot combo, the amount of required disk space is shown for Ubuntu 16.04 32-bit (top half) and Ubuntu 18.04 64-bit when running in a virtual machine.

User experience may vary, due to the exact conditions to reproduce the different results are not really understood.

Some calculation

Known information of the Ubuntu releases:

Ubuntu 16.04 filesystem.size: 4139667456
Ubuntu 16.04 install size seen: 8.3 GB (when disk space is low)
Ubuntu 18.04 filesystem.size: 4660985856
Ubuntu 18.04 install size seen: 8.6 GB (when disk space is zero)

Given that the filesystem.size and the amount of disk space shown by the installer are known for each system, manual comparison can be made to determine whether each pair of figures would be tally or not.

# Use Python interactive shell to do manual calculation
# round(number,N) will return a floating point number in N digits

# The required disk space for Ubuntu 16.04 (xenial)
>>> size = 4139667456 # filesystem.size
>>> round((size*2)/1000/1000/1000.0,1)
8.3

# The required disk space for Ubuntu 18.04 (bionic)
>>> size = 4660985856 # filesystem.size
>>> round((size*2)/1000/1000/1000.0,1)
9.3

# The required disk space for fallback size
>>> size = 5*1024*1024*1024 # fallback size to 5 GB in ubiquity
>>> round((size*2)/1000/1000/1000.0,1)
10.7

# The required disk space for maximal size
# This is used "as it is" based on the built-in logic
>>> max_size = 8*1024*1024*1024 # maximal size to 8 GB in ubiquity
>>> round((max_size)/1000/1000/1000.0,1)
8.6

Ubuntu 18.04 supposedly needs 9.3 GB of required disk space, but Ubiquity instead had shown 8.6 GB in the screenshot; what went wrong? Try copy edit and test the relevant variables and the if statement from the function install_size():

# Redo calculation according to the built-in logic
# The required disk space for Ubuntu 18.04 (bionic)

# Before
>>> size = 4660985856 # filesystem.size
>>> min_disk_size = size*2 # fudge factor in ubiquity
>>> max_size = 8*1024*1024*1024 # maximal size in ubiquity
>>> round((min_disk_size)/1000/1000/1000.0,1)
9.3
>>> round((max_size)/1000/1000/1000.0,1)
8.6

# After
>>> if min_disk_size > max_size and size * 1.2 < max_size:
...     min_disk_size = max_size
...
>>> round(min_disk_size/1000/1000/1000.0,1)
8.6

Here is what went wrong: The if statement had chosen the max_size because the min_disk_size for Ubuntu 18.04 is found to be larger than the maximal size.

Not sure why the condition assumed the required disk space (twice of the filesystem.size) would not be larger than 8 GiB (8.6 GB) as defined in the ubiquity package? This "wrong" result seems to be intended by design as per inline comment within the script.

Based on manual comparison, both pair of figures are found to be tally: Ubuntu 16.04 had the installer showing the real install size that is twice the amount of bytes found in the filesystem.size; Ubuntu 18.04 had the installer showing the apparent install size that has been defined as maximal size.

TL;DR The required disk space is twice the amount of filesystem.size, or twice the fallback size, or otherwise the maximal size as defined in the ubiquity package.


To confirm that your wireless card is capable of connecting to 5ghz do iw list and look for the portion that looks like below

...
   Frequencies:
                * 5180 MHz [36] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
                * 5200 MHz [40] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
                * 5220 MHz [44] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
                * 5240 MHz [48] (22.0 dBm) (no IR)
                * 5260 MHz [52] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5280 MHz [56] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5300 MHz [60] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5320 MHz [64] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5500 MHz [100] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5520 MHz [104] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5540 MHz [108] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5560 MHz [112] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5580 MHz [116] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5600 MHz [120] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5620 MHz [124] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5640 MHz [128] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5660 MHz [132] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5680 MHz [136] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
                * 5700 MHz [140] (22.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
...

To answer your question, I am assuming the network card is capable of connecting to the 5ghz network.
Using the command line interface is flexible compared to using the network manager gui. The important thing is to get the ssid and bssid of the 5ghz network you want to connect to.

sudo systemctl restart wpa_supplicant
sudo wpa_cli -iwlp2s0 scan_results

This would list some values such as

bssid / frequency / signal level / flags / ssid
    54:a2:74:03:c3:a2   2437    -79 [WPA-PSK-CCMP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP][ESS]  \x00
    54:a2:74:03:c3:a0   2437    -79 [WPA2-EAP-CCMP][ESS]    SOME WIFI
    00:42:68:15:f0:92   2437    -90 [WPA-PSK-CCMP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP][ESS]  \x00
    d8:b1:90:3e:e4:62   2412    -79 [WPA-PSK-CCMP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP][ESS]  \x00
    d8:b1:90:3e:e4:6e   5700    -84 [WPA2-EAP-CCMP][ESS]    DESIRED SSID
    54:a2:74:03:c6:a1   2462    -90 [WPA2-EAP-CCMP][ESS]    eduroam
    2a:a3:c4:8d:32:85   2437    -71 [WPA2-PSK-CCMP][WPS][ESS][P2P]  Another SSid
    54:a2:74:03:c6:ae   5500    -89 [WPA2-EAP-CCMP][ESS]    eduroam
    54:a2:74:03:c3:a1   2437    -73 [WPA2-EAP-CCMP][ESS]    eduroam
    00:42:68:15:f0:91   2437    -88 [WPA2-EAP-CCMP][ESS]    eduroam
    d8:b1:90:3e:e4:61   2412    -74 [WPA2-EAP-CCMP][ESS]    eduroam

Look for your desired ssid and the corresponding frequency. Now look for the BSSID that matches the desired frequency and SSID.

Next, kill network-manager and wpa_supplicant:

sudo service network-manager stop && sudo killall wpa_supplicant

This may not be desirable for most people but for the purposes of your question.

Create a wpa_supplicant.conf:

sudo nano /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

and paste the network specs of the network you are connecting to:

ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant

#settings for an AP using preshared keys, PSK
network={
        ssid="DESIRED SSID"
        scan_ssid=1
        key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
        psk="PassworD"
        bssid=d8:b1:90:3e:e4:6e   #the important part
}

#settings for an open AP. if you use this then don't use the above settings
network={
        ssid="DESIRED SSID"
        key_mgmt=NONE
        bssid=d8:b1:90:3e:e4:6e
}

Replace bssid with the one of the network you are connecting to

Now start wpa_supplicant via that conf file:

sudo wpa_supplicant -iwlp2s0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

After authentication flush any held ip addresses:

sudo dhclient -r

Request a dynamic ip (dhcp):

sudo dhclient wlp2s0

At this point you should be connected to the 5ghz network.

To check whether you are really connected to the 5ghz but not the 2ghz do iw dev and you should have a results like

Interface wlp2s0
    ifindex 2
    wdev 0x1
    addr b4:6d:83:15:9c:5d
    ssid DESIRED SSID
    type managed
    channel 140 (5700 MHz), width: 20 MHz (no HT), center1: 5700 MHz
    txpower 22.00 dBm

The whole procedure above works well but may not survive a reboot and is not useful if you would want to be switching between different kinds of networks.
To start initialize network manage:

sudo service network-manager restart

Then from the network tray icon connect to your DESIRED SSID. Never mind whether it is 2.4 or 5ghz. we would do that later.

Now do:

sudo wpa_cli -iwlp2s0 scan_results

To get the BSSID that matches the desired frequency and ssid

Next click the network manager tray icon > edit connections > double click on the DESIRED SSID to edit it as following

On wifi tab: SSID (DESIRED SSID), mode (Client), band (5), channel (enter the value you got from the scan results), bssid (enter desired bssid)
device (wlp1s0), cloned mac (permanent), mtu (automatic)

Then disconnect and connect again and it should work.


Boot issue ubuntu 18.04 Dell precision tower 5810: no access to grub, stuck on screen with green/blueish stripes at the top

Update: the issue seemed unresolvable, including by the IT of my lab - the only solution was to completely replace the motherboard, sadly.

On the same page: if anyone gets stuck with a black/weird screen at boot, a turnaround can be to UNPLUG ALL THE HARD DISKS (except from the booting disk obviously) from the machine before booting it - your computer may try to boot on drives with no OS on it (even if NOT on the list of bootable drives on BIOS, quite oddly) and get stuck there, for some reason. This also happened to me.


I don't see how software can do anything about physical damage, and have never heard of anything that claims to.  I have seen programs that test a disk and block bad sectors for use, but the ones I am familiar with are all Windows things that would surely barf on an EXT3 partition if you could get them to run at all.  I suspect there is something already in Ubuntu or available that can do this, but I don't know what it would be.


Share 13.10 & win 8 cpu's on home network?

You will need to create a new workgroup in your windows machines.

http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-8/join-or-create-a-workgroup

homegroups are the default and do not work for Linux. You can create a new user and password shareing all the resources you want. You should then see your windows machines and be able to log in as the new user.

Hope this helps
Larry Keenan


I just ran into this issue. Hey your gonna have to manually set your root (/ main drive) and your swap partition (I set mine to about 500-1GB). Grub will automatically set it up correctly after you do this. I guess they will iron this out in the next release. Nothing free is perfect. But Ubuntu is close, and almost there. Wow, this latest version is so polished! Ugh, Fedora maybe you have met your match....


Ubuntu Natty Froze when copying files to my Ext4 External Drive, files can be recovered if corrupted?

I agree with mikewhatever. Additional this might help:
The source shouldn't be damaged. The destination could be incomplete or so. If you want to see what was copied correctly and what not you can use diff or rsync. Type
rsync -nrcv source destination

To get a list of files which haven't been copied correctly. Leave out the parameter c to actually copy the data again.
To check a linux file system you can use fsck (NTFS should be better checked by windows itself). To check all ext3 and ext4 partitions during next system boot you can use:
sudo touch /forcefsck

Don't use fsck on mounted partitions!
Graphical tool
You can use the Disk Utility (run it form System / Administration or ALT + F2 and palimpsest). This is a graphical tool for hard disks and other storage devices. You'll find your harddisk there. Unmount it (there is a button there) and click Check Filesystem.


pydot.InvocationException: GraphViz's executables not found

it seems that you are mistaking the python graphviz package (https://pypi.org/project/graphviz/) with the graphviz app (https://gitlab.com/graphviz/graphviz/). In order to use pydot or graphviz (the python package) you need a working copy of graphviz (the app).

If you doesn't have access to sudo, there are two ways that i could think of

Use conda (recommended)
Compile graphviz manually

However in order to compile graphviz manually without sudo access is really hard because of the many dependencies required. Because of that, I recommend you to use conda.

Conda step by step:

Download miniconda (https://docs.conda.io/en/latest/miniconda.html)
Install miniconda by running the downloaded script
Create a new environment conda create -n env_name python=3.5
Install graphviz (the app) conda install -n env_name graphviz
Activate the conda environment conda activate env_name
Install your other python dependencies using pip

edit

For installing conda environment on an offline machine, you can install conda env locally on your dev machine and then move it to the server using conda pack

Install the environment locally (on a similar operating system)
Install conda pack on the local machine pip install conda-pack
Package the environment conda pack -n env_name
Copy the created env_name.tar.gz to the server
Extract the archive to a new folder (e.g. env_name)
To activate the environment run source env_name/bin/activate


Software center is crashing immediately in Ubuntu 12.04

Try uninstalling and reinstall software center.

To uninstall Software Center:

sudo apt-get remove software-center

sudo apt-get autoremove software-center

To re-install Software Center:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install software-center


Maybe you have spelled incorrectly in your question? or maybe you're spelling incorrectly in your command. You are missing 2 s ie., should be  pulsesrc & pulsesink

gst-launch pulsesrc ! pulsesink


I can't install anything in my Ubuntu 18.04 - "package ideservice needs to be reinstalled"

Try to: sudo dpkg --remove --force-all ideservice


Xubuntu 18.04 -> 18.04.1 Upgrade Synaptics Touchpad Not Working

I referred to your question in resolving my own here.

My solution was to sudo apt-mark hold kmod after a fresh install of Ubuntu 18.04, then upgrade to 18.04.1.

I haven't tested it, but reverting kmod to version 24-1ubuntu3 from 24-1ubuntu3.1 and holding it there may have the same result (without starting your system over from scratch like I did).


What is the username and password to use after installation of Kubuntu or Ubuntu?

When you install Ubuntu, Kubuntu, Xubuntu, or Lubuntu with the installation ISOs that are readily-downloadable for the end user (the ISOs on releases.ubuntu.com for example), and not any other specialized installation types, the installer asks you for the Username and Password you want the primary user to have.

If you did see this during installation, then use the information you provided.

If you did not specify this, or you were not the one who set up the system, than you should refer to this question and its corresponding answers in order to solve how to reset the lost passwords.

You can find out your username in this method, by mounting the Ubuntu disk inside a LiveUSB and see what usernames are available on the system in the /home directory as the default-installed users are always given a /home directory on install.

Alternatively, if you just wish to reinstall to provide new user data, you can do that, however in a lot of cases this is not necessary.


Fn key is not functioning on SAMSUNG NP-RV513 laptop

A PPA repository exists that deal with being able to use the controls and FN keys of your samsung device.

You can add it by using the command:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:voria/ppa

Now you need to upgrade your apt cache by using:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Now you can install the 2 packages that give back access to FN keys:

sudo apt-get install samsung-tools
sudo apt-get install samsung-laptop

You can find more information about the Voria packages here:

http://www.voria.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=1091

Note

This only works if your laptop is supported by the kernel. Since these packages use the existing brigthness controls. It only gives you the missing connection between the FN keys and the existing brightness controls. So your laptop must be supported by the kernel.


Alps touchpad vertical/horizontal resolution

I seem to have the same problem on my Lenovo U31-70.

EDIT: [ It does show up in the /var/log/Xorg.0.log file: Changes in 50-synaptics.config File have no effect. Are they being Overritten? ]

xinput --list retuned
↳ AlpsPS/2 ALPS GlidePoint

so i ran the same command as you did:

xinput list-props "AlpsPS/2 ALPS GlidePoint" | grep Capabilities
returned:

Synaptics Capabilities (300):  1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0

I asked for some help over here: I can't change vertical/horizontal resolution of my touchpad
but there does not seem to be a simple sollution.


Unable to boot Ubuntu from USB in old system

A computer with an AMD Athlon XP 3000+ processor is quite old. It belongs to the K7 family, which creates problems with some modern software. Introduction date 10-Feb-03, so maybe sold 2003 o4 2004. It should work with Lubuntu, but not with standard Ubuntu. It might be hard to boot it from USB (USB ZIP is probably a ZIP-drive, a special kind of 'super floppy disk'). You might be able to boot it with Plop and chainload to USB. But I think you have best chances to boot from a CD drive.

You can try with

lubuntu-14.04.1-desktop-i386.iso

and

lubuntu-14.04.1-alternate-i386.iso

which are small enough to squeeze into a CD disk.

You can also try with some special linux distros for old computers, for example Wary Puppy. See this link for more details about old computers,

Old hardware brought back to life


How to make secondary partition accessible to me (and root) only

It's rather easy to do: set the directory where your disc is mounted to your username and usergroup. Only users that are that username or are part of that usergroup and of course root will have access. So lets assume you gave this disc (during installation) a mountpoint called /discworld/. Log in with your admin-user and do...

 sudo chown $USER:$USER /discworld/

... and any other user should get an permissions error when trying to access this disc.

(where $USER needs to be replaced for the username you want this for unless it is the admin-user)

Sidenote:

If you did not add a mountpoint during installation you can add one to /etc/fstab. If you got questions about how to do that ... search AU first and if no good results are found ask a question about it ;-)


unable to install anything via the terminal window on ubuntu 16.04 xenial xerus

I tried the following steps you have mentioned above but have found no luck with success on that.Still returns with the same line 55 error in the source.list .Here is an attached screenshot of the terminal window.Have a look at it -

error while installation via command window

Here is my sources.list attached please check it out

sources.list


I found a list of commands on this page.

xdotool key --delay 50ms alt+space key n

should do the trick.


Completely remove windows 7 ult x64 w/o live CD?

Yes, you don't need to download a live CD. You can do it from Ubuntu with Gparted software which can be found in software center. Just go to gparted after you've downloaded it and installed it. Delete the windows partitions which are usually ntfs file systems and go to the command line and run: sudo update-grub or sudo update-burg whichever one you use. It should only show you your linux partitions.


1010 means priority, alternatives with bigger priority value will be chosen in auto mode.  Since you only have one Java version installed, it is not important.
The error returned is very clear, javaws just doesn't exist. Java Web Start is removed from Java SE 11. Developers will need to transition to other deployment technologies.


How to make modprobe ip_conntrack_ftp persist a reboot

Yes, you can add ip_conntrack_ftp to /etc/modules. Be attentive, you don't have to enter the modprobe command, just the name of kernel module!


run these commands

 sudo add-apt-repository ppa:costales/folder-color
 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get install folder-color
 nautilus -q


Ubuntu 12.04. Compiz Failure. Computer has nothing to use

You can goto terminal if no gui is working using shortcut Alt + ctrl + T.
To solve the problem,
Reset unity and compiz settings. Every settings of compiz will be resetted.

Press Alt + ctrl + F1
Login using your username and password
Reset compiz by executing gconftool-2 --recursive-unset /apps/compiz-1
Reset unity , by executing unity --reset
Optionally you can reset launcher icons by executing unity --reset-icons
Press Alt + ctrl + F7 to get back to login screen. However I recommend a restart by executing sudo reboot. Let us know if it worked.

When you updated the system, possibly your changes in previous version made some conflicting changes with the update.
You can go to terminal as stated in step 1, and then run nautilus to open the file browser to get your files back.


The way to do this is to simply make the .run file executable and run it.

  chmod +x NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-319.49.run

You need to kill the x-server first. Check this question for the way to kill the x server. First go to virtual terminal tty1 by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F1. Then run

  sudo service lightdm stop

Later run this

  sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-319.49.run

This will install the driver. To restart, run this command in the same F1 terminal

  sudo service lightdm start

or just restart.

I have tried to install NVidia drivers and they made my system crash badly. Hence, I advice you to avoid NVidia and stick to Nouveau (as mentioned in the comments) unless you want to test your patience and Ubuntu's sturdiness.


Possible to run 64-bit system on 32-bit processor?

A look at the product specification of your Athlon II X2 processor
shows:

AMD64 Technology: YES
Simultaneous 32- & 64-bit computing : YES

It's a 64 bit processor.


Problem using spamassassin as non-root user

Turns out I had to add the following line to the /etc/mail/spamassassin config and then re-compile spamassassin. Note, it is important to include file name at the end e.g. bayes

bayes_path /path/to/dir/bayes


If you have this issue, as seen here (No icons in Krita)

Please install the package oxygen-icon-theme, enter this command in the terminal:

sudo apt-get install oxygen-icon-theme

If it is already installed, try reinstalling with this command:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall oxygen-icon-theme


mpd conflicting with other applications -- taking control of pulse?

I had this problem when I first started using mpd, but it was quite some time ago, so I can't exactly remember what I did to fix it!

Do you have PulseAudio preferences installed? I found this tip on a forum:
sudo apt-get install paprefs

Then open PulseAudio prefrences from the menu: System->Preferences->PulseAudio Preferences
Click the Network Server tab, then check the "Enable network access to local sound devices" box, and finally check the "Don't require authentication" box. After that, restart mpd: sudo /etc/init.d/mpd restart

However... I just realized that mpd works fine for me and I don't have "network access to local sound devices" enabled.

I think you might be right about needing to run mpd as the current user, which is what I'm doing. (I have no clue as to why this is though!)

A simple guide to setting up mpd to be run as a user can be found here:
http://gmpc.wikia.com/wiki/MPD_INSTALL_USER_SERVICE_UBUNTU

To sum things up, since you already have mpd installed:

1.) Stop it: sudo update-rc.d mpd disable

2.) Copy your mpdconf to your home directiory (as .mpdconf), and change the following entries to places where your user can access and write to:

music_directory
playlist_directory
db_file
log_file
error_file
pid_file
state_file

The page I'm taking this from suggests just creating a .mpd folder in your home directory for this stuff, save for your actual music directory.

3.) Comment out the user line in .mpdconf:
#user                "mpd"

4.) Now you can run mpd and update the database.

5.) To make mpd start up automatically as a user when logging in, go to Startup Applications and add an entry for mpd, then create an autostart file in ~/.config/autostart/.

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=mpd
Hidden=false
NoDisplay=false
Terminal=false
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true
Name[en_US]=Music Player Daemon
Name=Music Player Daemon
Comment[en_US]=plays the music
Comment=plays the music

There are probably downsides to running as a user, so maybe this won't suit your needs.


You probably installed Ubuntu server instead of desktop.

Server version does not have a graphical interface.

You can download and install Ubuntu Desktop or run in console

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


When you boot up, press 'e' in the Grub menu to edit your boot options. Look for the part where it says "quiet splash." In the space right after that, type -nomodeset, then press Ctrl-x to boot up. If you can boot after that, before you log in, select Ubuntu2D (no effects) from the little cog menu by the login box. If it is a graphics driver issue, this will let you have a graphically limited desktop until you can install the proprietary drivers from "Additional Drivers." Once those are installed, you can try to see if Unity will work. Good Luck!


Why lxsession-logout slows down X window system?

The root cause of the problem has not been found, but there is a solution:

Update your video card drivers.

In my case: What is the correct way to install ATI Catalyst Video Drivers (fglrx)?

Before doing any changes execute this:

fgl_glxgears

And again after you are done. This will give you some data for comparisons afterwards.


Update for 12.04
The shortcuts for activating the various lens are now working and are very much functional in Unity-2D. Unfortunately, this feature has not been backported for 11.10 or older versions. So, if you would like to use this, you have to upgrade to 12.04.


Those two lines aren't realistic!

User Capacity:        600,332,565,813,390,450 bytes [600 PB]
Logical block size:   774843950 bytes

I guess your Hard-Drive may be corrupted or a component of your computer failed because 600PB of memory for a 2TB HDD can't be true.
You should more look for hard-drive recovering like if your HDD is corrupted.