New LAMP stack on virtual host. How to display site to the outside world?

You have to enter to you router/moden configuration web interface and enable and configure your computer in DMZ

If your IP is static it is enough, but if you have dynamic IP you should also configure dynamic dns. To enable it depends your router brand and model. Maybe this information helps.


Can't dual boot Ubuntu: Error 15:(http://grub4dos.chenall.net/e/15) File not found

When you use Ubuntu Installer to make a boot by USB, you have to choose format type of USB  is FAT32. That's it.


laptop overheating after installing ubuntu

Are you sure that you installed the graphic driver correctly and working fine. It happen to me the same situation but fixed after re installing the correct gpu driver.
You can refer this page : https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-nvidia-drivers-on-ubuntu-20-04/


Install 0bda:f179 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. (rtl8188fu), or Netgear rtl8812au USB WiFi adapters

This is what worked for me with a fresh default install of Ubuntu 18.04:

Install default Ubuntu setup with a wired Internet connection.
Allow updates to install when prompted after initial login.
Open a terminal and execute the following commands:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install git
git clone https://github.com/kelebek333/rtl8188fu
sudo apt install dkms
sudo dkms add ./rtl8188fu
sudo dkms build rtl8188fu/1.0
sudo dkms install rtl8188fu/1.0
sudo cp ./rtl8188fu/firmware/rtl8188fufw.bin /lib/firmware/rtlwifi/
reboot

For the Netgear rtl8812au, the following commands worked:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install git
git clone https://github.com/gnab/rtl8812au.git
sudo cp -r rtl8812au  /usr/src/rtl8812au-4.2.2
sudo apt install dkms
sudo dkms add -m rtl8812au -v 4.2.2
sudo dkms build -m rtl8812au -v 4.2.2
sudo dkms install -m rtl8812au -v 4.2.2
reboot

After reboot, the WiFi network was recognized and I was able to connect.
I then installed Cinnamon using the following command:

sudo apt install cinnamon-desktop-environment lightdm

(select the "lightdm" display manager when prompted)

...Reboot, then click the gear next to username to select Cinnamon before logging in.

After doing this, everything continued to work for me. Cheers, and happy holidays!


The following packages have unmet dependencies when uninstall gcc

1) You can have as many gcc, g++ versions as you want, installed at the same time.

2) Tell cmake to use a specific compiler: CC=gcc-4.6 CXX=g++-4.6 cmake ../


Is there an Ubuntu program to find anonymous proxy servers?

There is no any kind of app for linux!! I mean, till now, you have no any app that click / tap on that and every single packet get pass from that. (Some thing like ProxyFire)

BUT

you can using ProxyChains as a proxyfire. just do that:

sudo apt-get install proxychains

after that, go to /etc/proxychains.conf, add the following line at the end of file:

http      YOUR SERVER IP      PORT      USERNAME          PASSWORD

NOTE THAT: use socks4/sock5 instead of HTTP if you are using socks services, but IF you using the HTTPS services, you have to chose the HTTP. AND DO NOT FOR GET COMMENTING THE PREVIOUS LINE "socks4   127.0.0.1    9050"


Change boot order to boot from USB stick - Function keys not working during boot

Boot USB from Internal Drive's GRUB Menu
You can use your internal GRUB to boot a ISO9660 Ubuntu install USB if the USB's bootloader is having problems.
Add the following menuentry to /etc/grub.d/40_custom and then run sudo update-grub
menuentry "Ubuntu - flash drive" {
 search --set=root --fs-uuid 2020-07-31-16-51-12-00
    set gfxpayload=keep
    linux ($root)/casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper quiet splash ---
    initrd ($root)/casper/initrd
}

Where 2020-07-31-16-51-12-00 is the UUID of the USB's root partition.
This should work with a USB made using Etcher, Startup Disk Creator, dd, mkusb, Disks or other ISO9660 cloner.


Detect teamviewer session start and kill it after X minutes

I  have teamviewer 10 as a quick support version on my host machine.
Teamviewer log file : ~/Desktop/TeamViewer/teamviewerqs/logfiles/TeamViewer10_Logfile.log

For full version: ~/.config/teamviewer10/logfiles/TeamViewer10_Logfile.log

So to detect the session you can watch this file using tail -f and the pattern  *"==== .Open Desktop! ====". And once pattern is found , killing the required process after say 60 secs.
tail -f "$HOME/Desktop/TeamViewer/teamviewerqs/logfiles/TeamViewer10_Logfile.log" \
 | awk '/==== .*Open Desktop! ====/ { system("sleep 60 ; pkill -9 TeamViewer_Desktop") }'


Is your Postfix working correctly?

On a console try:

  telnet localhost 25

After you have established the connection to your postfix mail server type

  ehlo localhost

If you see the lines

250-STARTTLS
250-AUTH

among others, everything is working.

Type quit to return to the system's shell.


HP Compaq 2510p wireless disabled by hardware switch

I don't know if it's applicable to your situation but I had pretty much the same problem with my ProBook 6550b.

You just need to turn on the wireless while you're at the login screen. Because for some reason you cannot turn it on again if it was turned off before the login


WSL2 removes all my files stored in /mnt/wsl /

Late answer, I know, but I just came across this question while researching some other /mnt/wsl functionality.
The reason that a shutdown results in files being removed from /mnt/wsl is that this mount is using tmpfs.  This is a filesystem that is created and stored in volatile memory, so it's natural that it will go away on shutdown/restart.
It's apparently created in-memory when the first WSL instance starts, and each additional running WSL instance can connect to it to transfer files between them.
If you'd like to have a non-volatile place to store files between instances, I would just recommend using somewhere on /mnt/c or another Windows drive, if possible.  By default, Windows drives do not preserve Linux permissions and ownership, but you can change that (if needed) by mounting (or automounting) the drives with the metadata option.  See this Unix & Linux Stack answer for more details on that process.
Coming soon (currently in Windows Preview/Insider) is also the ability to create new virtual drives (.vhdx files) and mount them.  Those could then be shared between instances as well.


`nvidia-smi` is not installed with the ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa for nvidia-* drivers

I had almost the same issue with nvcc. Fixed this way:

sudo apt install libcuda1-390 nvidia-opencl-icd-390

Since these packages have been kept back


Not able to install nginx on ubuntu 14.04

Try creating the files NGINX is complaining about:

sudo touch /var/log/nginx/error.log
sudo touch /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Then try removing it:

sudo apt-get install nginx-light

Finally, install NGINX:

sudo apt-get install nginx


How do I set up a wireless LAN through my router

For your first question, login to your router with the steps in this website.

What do you mean by recognize each other? Did you mean, you want to show up a shared drive from Ubuntu? For that you would need to use Samba.

Ubuntu has a guide on how to setup Samba here.


In Ubuntu, is an empty file the same as a text file?

It creates a file in the current directory, if I open this file it appears as a blank text file.

If you run touch non_existing_filename, it will create an empty file. The file is empty, containing nothing. This does not mean it's a text file, or any other kind of file.

If you run touch existing_file, touch will update the timestamps on the file.

echo "test" > file
cat file

  And what I get is a string. So is an empty file equal to a text file?

Yes, if you write a string into an empty file, you will get a string when you read the content of the file. Note that > overwrites all content in a file, and the result would be the same if the file was empty, non-existing or some other file (like an image). You can use >> to append text to a file.

Note that tools, such as redirection (>>, > and so on), do not care about file type. It's a perfectly valid operation to append a text string to a file containing, for instance, a JPEG image. It's also a perfectly valid operation to cat some image file. Not that I recommend you try; it will not display correctly on your terminal.

The file system has no concept of file types. It doesn't care what content a file has - and there is no difference between the different file types on the file system level.

Traditionally Unix is far less dependent on file types than Windows, and it's perfectly reasonable to have a text file called README, whilst on Windows it would be common to have the extension .txt for a text file.

If you wonder what kind of file you have on your hands, the utility file is fairly useful:

$ file  auth.log
auth.log: ASCII text
$ file Dokken.mp4
Dokken.mp4: ISO Media, MP4 Base Media v1 [IS0 14496-12:2003]

file decides the content type based on a description of common characteristics of each file, commonly called a file signature. For instance, a debian will always start with the bytes 21 3C 61 72 63 68 3E, and if we see those bytes at the beginning of the file, we probably have a debian package on our hands.

The file utility uses so called magic files to decide which filetype it is looking at. More information about this can be found in the man-page for magic (e.g. man magic on a Linux system).

Note that file is not infallible, merely a very good indicator. If I create a file that contains the bytes ed ab ee db 0d 25, file will identify this as /tmp/foobar: RPM v13.37 bin. ed ab ee db is the required header for RPM files, and 0d 25 is 1337 in hex... This file will not be a valid RPM package in any way.


The find command doesn't test mimetype itself, but you can use it to execute the mimetype command and grep the result.

For example

find path/to/dir/ -type f -exec sh -c '
  for f; do
    mimetype -b "$f" | grep -Eq "application/(x-shellscript|executable)" &&
    printf "%s\n" "$f"
  done
' sh {} +

To perform some operation on the matching files (such as a chmod or chown), replace the printf command with that e.g.

find path/to/dir/ -type f -exec sh -c '
  for f; do
    mimetype -b "$f" | grep -Eq "application/(x-shellscript|executable)" &&
    chmod u+x "$f"
  done
' sh {} +

I highly recommend checking the current ownership and permissions first e.g. with ls

find path/to/dir/ -type f -exec sh -c '
  for f; do
    mimetype -b "$f" | grep -Eq "application/(x-shellscript|executable)" &&
    ls -l "$f"
  done
' sh {} +


How to Upgrade from 14.04.3 LTS to 15.10 Daily Builds?

Unfortunately, if you wish to "upgrade" (Except between LTS versions), you must upgrade in sequence, so from 14.04, you need to upgrade to 14.10, and then 15.04.

Once you are on 15.04, and you are fully patched (it will refuse to upgrade if you are not patched fully), you can open a shell and run sudo update-manager -d. The -d option allows it to give you a development version, and it will upgrade from 15.04 to 15.10.

Please be aware that upgrading to a development release may give you problems, especially if you have some PPA's installed.  I upgraded my laptop from 15.04 to 15.10 a week ago, and although it only took some minor cleanup to complete the upgrade, it did stop and say "the upgrade failed" which might stump anyone who's not familiar Ubuntu and how APT works.

If you aren't familiar with editing software sources, and resetting any PPA's to fix issues with APT, I would leave this until 15.10 is released, because there is very little difference in the user experience between 14.04 and 15.10!...


I used the boot option

systemd.log_level=
Set log level. As argument this accepts a numerical log level or the well-known syslog symbolic names (lowercase): emerg, alert, crit, err, warning, notice, info, debug.

to increase logging, which then informed me that the process could not initialize my swap partition. Deleting the existing one and creating a new one solved the issue.


What are pitfalls of Intel proprietary microcode in Additional Drivers tab?

I will answer the "pitfalls" question.  Yes, there are possible pitfalls when Intel gets something wrong in the updated microcode, and it causes a regression in processor behavior.  Fortunately, this is rare in the extreme, and in that case, you can just uninstall the package (and report the bug to the Linux distro, please).

If the system hangs when it applies the update (i.e. right after the grub screen), you can boot with the "dis_ucode_ldr" kernel parameter in grub to skip the microcode update.

So far, there were very few regressions reported to Debian, Ubuntu or RedHat/Fedora, and most of them are for the Xeon E5v3 for whatever reason: a crash in specific memory configurations, and a slowdown after boot.  Both have been fixed by Intel in the latest public microcode release (20160714).

It appears an specific Core2Duo processor can also become sluggish with an older update, I don't know if it still has an issue with the current microcode.

Almost all the time you really want the updated microcode to avoid the various extremely serious processor bugs they fix.  And a BIOS/UEFI update to get these microcode fixes and any other fixes that are not done in microcode, but in some other BIOS/UEFI module.


aligning monitor edges with different resolutions

You can adjust the position of your screen, either using the GUI (In xubuntu, using xfce4-display-settings, but I'm sure gnome has a equivalent) or using xrandr.

This is something that you have to do manually, because the computer has no way of knowing the relative physical location between both monitors. They might be top aligned, one might be in the middle, etc. As long as you tell the computer where the second is, you can properly align them based on where they physically are. With a bit of experimentation, you can get something that works very well.

Using the GUI, it is as simple as dragging and dropping. As you can see on the image below, the screen on the right is aligned to the top left of the other one. You can simply click it and drag it, moving it upwards or downwards depending on your preference.

Using xrandr, the relevant setting is --pos.

   --pos xxy
          Position  the  output within the screen using pixel coordinates. In
          case reflection or rotation is applied, the translation is  applied
          after the effects.

The position 0x0 is the top left corner of all the screens. For example, assuming you have two monitors, a main one, on the left, with a resolution of 1920x1080 and a second one positioned on the right, with the resolution of 1280x960. If their top pixel was physically aligned, you would want to use a command similar to this: xrandr --output SCREENNAME --auto --pos 1920x0. This indicates that you want it shifted 1920 pixels on the x axis (horizontal) and placed at the pixel 0 on the y axis (vertical). If, instead it was bottom aligned you would instead use: xrandr --output SCREENNAME --auto --pos 1920x120, which is 1080 minus 960.

Something to help you visualize it.

(virtual screen coordinates)           The x margin is 3200 pixels
     0                                 The y margin is 1080 pixels
   0 A-----------------------          A position is 0x0
     |                      |          B position is 1920x120
     |                      |B---------------
     |                      |               |
     |         MAIN         |      SEC      |
     |                      |               |
     |       1920x1080      |    1280x960   |
     |                      |               |
1080 ----------------------------------------

For your setup you probably also want to use --scale, since the pixel sizes are very different. You'll have to play with the values to get something to your liking, but it's a big trade off. You might be able to get something good looking if you maintain sane proportions.

   --scale xxy
          Changes the dimensions of the output picture. Values superior to  1
          will  lead to a compressed screen (screen dimension bigger than the
          dimension of the output mode), and values below 1 leads to  a  zoom
          in on the output. This option is actually a shortcut version of the
          --transform option.

   --scale-from wxh
          Specifies the size in pixels of the area of the framebuffer  to  be
          displayed  on this output.  This option is actually a shortcut
          version of the --transform option.

With this information in mind, and knowing the other basics of using xrandr, like the name of each screen, choosing their resolution, refresh rate, flipping, or any other special settings that you want to use in your setup, you can easily align all of your monitors, so that their physical location match their virtual one. Check man xrandr for plenty of useful commands.


There is no longer a supported upgrade path from 15.04 to any newer release; you cannot upgrade to 15.10, because it is no longer available from Canonical, and you cannot upgrade to a newer version without that step.  Your only choice is to install clean, with appropriate data preservation steps first.


Can't customize the application switcher

I think you will have to install the Compiz Settings Manager (aka ccsm) and play with the settings of the Unity / other switcher plugins. Unfortunately, ccsm can be dangerous and can make Compiz crash or disable all the plugins, so do that if you know what you are doing or are ready to deal such bugs.


Laptop can only access internet on one network

Problem
First, I love this handy little comment in my hosts file:
#
# According to RFC 1918, you can use the following IP networks for private
# nets which will never be connected to the Internet:
#
#       10.0.0.0        -   10.255.255.255
#       172.16.0.0      -   172.31.255.255
#       192.168.0.0     -   192.168.255.255
#
# In case you want to be able to connect directly to the Internet (i.e. not
# behind a NAT, ADSL router, etc...), you need real official assigned
# numbers.  Do not try to invent your own network numbers but instead get one
# from your network provider (if any) or from your regional registry (ARIN,
# APNIC, LACNIC, RIPE NCC, or AfriNIC.)

It sounds to me as though your router is handing out a Class C non registered IP Address between 192.168.0.0 and 192.168.255.255, just like the above comment states.  The problem here is, your school and any other network you've decided to connect to is also handing out a Class C non registered IP Address between 192.168.0.0 and 192.168.255.255, with the following caveat (In bold):
Solution
The DNS Server stored in your home networks Gateway, usually 192.168.1.1, in your case, is not the DNS Server for all the other networks, stored in their gateway.  Since your network at home, and the network at school are using the same RFC rules, your new address is most likely never requested, possibly because you're not disconnecting from your network at home.  For example, you can't use your home connection entry for school.
Please use the Following AskUbuntu Question and answer:
How do I remove obsolete Network entries from Network Connection Applet
noting that your connections aren't obsolete, just misconfigured.
After removing them all, recreate the one for your Home, and name it Home, when at home, one for School named School, when at school, and lastly, one at the CoffeShop... you gt the idea.  Make sure each one is set to DHCP, with empty DNS Servers, and IPv4 only.  Someone will tell you if it's IPv6.
After recreating all your connections, properly use NetworkManager to uncheck Home, and check School etc.  Wireless is not automatic.


Well ,I guess it has to be the switchable graphics thingy.

This should help:

Open any terminal.
Type in:

sudo nano /etc/rc.local

and then enter your password.
Then, just before exit 0, type these two lines:

chown -R $USER:$USER /sys/kernel/debug
echo OFF > /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch

Save (Ctrl+O) and quit (Ctrl+X)
Reboot.

You should be fine after this.


It sounds more like a hardware issue, and not the software one. One possibility is that heat is causing something to just slightly disconnect, so check all the cables that connect your harddrive (better still, unplug them and then plug them back in). If that doesn't seem to work, call the tech support, visit the computer repair shop... etc.


Ubuntu 12.04: Starting Theme/Icon Manager from Terminal

Assuming you are using Default Unity Desktop, you need to install Ubuntu Tweak via

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak

Then run it from Dash or super+A , then under Tweaks  >>  Themes , you can change themes and icons . Including manually installed / Placed in ~/.themes directory as

Alternatively , another package  My Unity is also available to change Theme


Try this instead
sudo dpkg -i skype-ubuntu*.deb It should now work without any error.


What is the file name of the default background?

The name is: warty-final-ubuntu.png and it is inside /usr/share/backgrounds.


Jungle Disk Desktop stopped working in Ubuntu 12.04

This blog talks about how they solved the same problem

In short, you need to enter this into a terminal to create a symlink:

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnotify.so.4 /usr/lib/libnotify.so.1


Wifi card on Ubuntu in VirtualBox, no wireless extensions

VirtualBox does not natively offer Wireless support (Like a virtualized Wireless device). Instead, it connects directly to the Wireless device the Host uses. In this guide I will point to the steps needed to have a working Wireless card for you Guest. Before we begin you need to make sure you have done the following points:

Installed the Extension Pack for that particular VirtualBox Version. You can find the extension pack in the Download section of VirtualBox. To install it, open VirtualBox, go to the menu and select File --> Preferences. Now select Extensions and select the Add Pack button at the far right. Look for the downloaded Extension pack and add it to VirtualBox.
You have added your user to the vboxusers group. The quickest way is to go to the terminal and type:

sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers cyrex

where cyrex is my username. In this case, you would change cyrex for yours. Note that if the vboxusers group is not found it is because VirtualBox is not yet installed on your system.

Now to proceed with the steps. This is what is called a passthrough method:

Right click on the Virtual Environment you wish to edit and select **Settings*:

Go to the Network section and select an Adapter. In this case I selected Adapter 1 although it is recommended to select a second Adapter, this way, you can use the wireless connection to your Host and still be able to connect to your internal Virtualized network (Connect to other virtualbox guests internally). For the example mentioned here I connected directly using the first adapter.

Click on the Attached To option and select Bridged Adapter. This will open an option that will show your Host network interfaces. If your host iw Linux it will show something like wlan0, wlan, eth2... If your Host is a Mac, it will show AirPort. In the image you can see wlan0 for this case:

Now simply accept and run your virtualized environment. You should connect and see it similar to this:

I should mention the following:

On Mac and Linux hosts, functionality is limited when using AirPort (the Mac's wireless networking) or any Wireless Linux device to bridged networking. Currently, VirtualBox supports only IPv4 over Mac's AirPort or Linux Wireless devices. For protocols such as IPv6 and IPX, you must choose a wired interface.

Some adapters strip VLAN tags in hardware. This does not allow to use VLAN trunking between VM and the external network with pre-2.6.27 Linux kernels nor with host operating systems other than Linux.

I should also mention that in the following extended options:

You can select how you wish to interpret the Host's wireless device. If you wish to see it as a Intel network device, a PcNet device or a Paravirtualized Network device. Note that Promiscuous mode is used more often for sniffing and can create a bit of network lag on both, the Guest and Host when using it.

Note that if you disconnect in the Guest OS, you are only disconnecting the Guest to Host virtualized connection. You are not disconnecting or turning off your Host's Wireless device. For more information regarding VirtualBox and networking see this guide.

Using the method above, with a PCI Wireless device on the host or a USB Wireless device is the same. The VirtualBox Network settings will detect the device the same way. I am testing this right now with the Edimax EW-7811Un. It was detected as wlan1 and Virtualbox (On the Network settings) detected the device as such. Remember that one thing is how the "outside" of the virtual environment works and then another how it works inside. Inside it was shown as a "Wired" device and I have internet through it.

Now, if you want to access a USB device do the following (Note that you need the Extension Pack for this):

Once the virtual OS has started select the device from the USB option on the bottom:

It will appear on the Desktop after a couple of seconds:

If you want the USB device to be present from the beginning, then go to the USB Settings option and select the Enable USB 2.0 Controller then add the device you wish to have activated with the Add Filter From Device option at the right (The one with the Green Plus sign).

Now I want to add that the difference between the VirtualBox Extension Pack and the Guest Addition is that, apart from the USB support and Remote Display options that the Extension Pack brings the Guest Addition provides the following:

Better Mouse Integration
Better 3D Support
Copy/Paste Support between Host and Guest
Folder Sharing between Host and Guest

So if you need any of this features, you need to also install the Guest Addition. If you only need access to a USB Device or network options, with the Extension alone you will have that.

Note that VirtualBox does NOT provide a virtualized Wireless device inside the guest. They will all look like a wired one, even if the host is providing the connection via a Wired or Wireless card. Something like this:


Have you tried the VLC player? That is normally the best option for playing anything that won't play with the other videoplayers.

Can't you play any dvd's or is it just certain ones that won't play? Some dvds come with a really nasty copy-protection and I don't get them to play with the normal ubuntu video player either (so far anything worked with VLC, though).

And what happens if you try to open the dvd? Do you get an error message of any kind?


Logitech MX Master 2s via bluetooth change pointer speed

You can install the unofficial driver logiops for Logitech mice and keyboard from github and increase the DPI settings in addition to the system mousespeed setting.

The following worked for my MX Master 2S with Ubuntu 18.04 and enabled me to use my thumb button, smartshift scrolling and individual dpi settings. However I think this might also work on later Ubuntu version or other Ubuntu-based OSes.

1. to clone repo from github execute (maybe you need to install git first). then navigate to that folder:

git clone https://github.com/PixlOne/logiops.git
cd logiops

2. Follow build instructions from repo. This step needs build-essentials:

mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make
sudo make install

3. To create a system deamon which runs the driver in the background follow the instructions from here

create a file /etc/systemd/system/logid.service with the content

[Unit]
Description=Logitech Configuration Daemon

[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/logid -c /etc/logid.cfg
User=root
#ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

4. You may want to configure the driver via the file /etc/logif.cfg. The following worked for my MX Master 2S. Other configs can be found on github or in the Archwiki. Here you can change the dpi manually in addition to adjusting the system mouse-speed setting.

# this config file is for Logiops and needs to be placed in /etc/logid.cfg
devices: (
{
    name: "MX Master 2S";
    smartshift:
    {
        on: false;
        threshold: 15; # 7 is ideal for work
    };
    hiresscroll:
    {
        hires: false;
        invert: false;
        target: false;
    };
    dpi: 800;# <- you may change this number

    buttons: (
        {
            cid: 0xc3;
            action =
            {
                type: "Gestures";
                gestures: (
                    {
                        direction: "Up";
                        mode: "OnRelease";
                        action =
                        {
                            type: "Keypress";
                            keys: ["KEY_LEFTCTRL", "KEY_LEFTALT",  "KEY_UP"];
                        };
                    },
                    {
                        direction: "Down";
                        mode: "OnRelease";
                        action =
                        {
                            type: "Keypress";
                            keys: ["KEY_LEFTCTRL", "KEY_LEFTALT", "KEY_DOWN"];
                        };
                    },
                    {
                        direction: "Left";
                        mode: "OnRelease";
                        action =
                        {
                            type: "Keypress";
                            keys: ["KEY_LEFTCTRL", "KEY_LEFTALT", "KEY_LEFT"];
                        };
                    },
                    {
                        direction: "Right";
                        mode: "OnRelease";
                        action =
                        {
                            type: "Keypress";
                            keys: ["KEY_LEFTCTRL", "KEY_LEFTALT", "KEY_RIGHT"];
                        }
                    },

                    {
                        direction: "None"
                        mode: "OnRelease";
                        action =
                        {
                            type: "Keypress";
                            keys: ["KEY_LEFTMETA"];
                        }
                    }
                );
            };
        },
        {
            cid: 0xc4;
            action =
            {
                type = "ToggleSmartshift";
            };
        }
    );
}
);

5. Finally enable the service to run on system startup and start the service:

sudo systemctl enable logid
sudo systemctl start logid


AMD graphic driver reinstall fail [sort of SOLVED]

Update

I deleted the amd folders from var/opt and usr/bin.
After that, I was able to install the driver, now the '17 version with --px. Everything worked well, there was not any login loop or black screen.

Still, in system information Ubuntu sees the Intel HD Graphics and its driver.
Can I check if there is a Radeon Card in my computer without disassembing it?


Deleting folder completely, but it comes back

I had the same problem using docker and a postgres container (as @schrodigerscatcuriosity mentioned [what a name btw])
The steps I followed:

doker ps
docker stop <<container_name>>
sudo chmod 777 -R <<folder_to_delete>>
rm -rf <<folder_to_delete>>

EDIT: Docker was still creating the <<folder_to_delete>> when I ran it. So, I had to remove the docker images/containers/volumes.
(keep in mind that you'll remove all the docker info so you'll have to re-install them again). Additional info

docker system prune -a --volumes

I use PyCharm as IDE. I had to remove the <<folder_to_delete>> from recent projects as well.


Cannot view PDF files with fillable fields with Okular

The answer as of now is No.

This file is encrypted and can only be opened with Acrobat Reader.

richard@ubuntu:~/Desktop$ pdfinfo n-400.pdf
Title:          Appication for Naturalization
Author:         USCIS
Creator:        Adobe LiveCycle Designer ES 8.2
Producer:       Adobe LiveCycle Designer ES 8.2
CreationDate:   Thu Nov 15 16:21:11 2007
ModDate:        Tue Jun 21 11:36:34 2011
Tagged:         yes
Pages:          1
Encrypted:      yes (print:yes copy:no change:no addNotes:no)
Page size:      612 x 792 pts (letter)
File size:      110428 bytes
Optimized:      no
PDF version:    1.7

The only unencrypted element is the following text, found using pdftotext

richard@ubuntu:~/Desktop$ pdftotext n-400.pdf l.txt && cat l.txt
To view the full contents of this document, you need a later version of the PDF viewer. You can upgrade
to the latest version of Adobe Reader from www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html
For further support, go to www.adobe.com/support/products/acrreader.html

There are lots of people affected by this.

My solution was to install acroread, fill in and print the form (the option to save wasn't available either for the form I was using), and then remove acroread.


Is there a driver for your computer? Check in auto updates. Also go to display settings and connect the tv. Does it show up? If it does click the tv on your computer and switch on "Mirror Display". Some things that worked for me is turning my TV on then off, and switching input.


12.10 repository in 12.04, is it possible?

You can add other repositories, including for future and past versions of Ubuntu, to your /etc/apt/sources.list file or new files in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/

However, this is not recommended. Ubuntu does not do testing of packages across versions and you are very likely to encounter undocumented conflicts and errors if you do this. If you want to mix and match repositories I would recommend starting with debian testing as your base OS and then adding Ubuntu or other distros' repositories on top of that.


SSH connection reset by peer after 11.10 update. (Proxy Issue)

Looks like you need corkscrew.

Install corkscrew by sudo apt-get install corkscrew
Create file ~/.corkscrew-auth
Insert username:password into the file.
Add following to you ssh config or command:
ProxyCommand corkscrew 11.11.11.11 8080 %h %p ~/.corkscrew-auth
Where 11.11.11.11 is the IP of the proxy
and 8080 is the port of the proxy.


Edit ~/.config/plasmavaultrc and add the following section:

[/media/externaldrive/backup/sarah/vaults/myvvault]
activities=
backend=cryfs
lastError=
lastStatus=
mountPoint=/home/your_home_dir_here/Vaults/myvvault
name=myvvault
offlineOnly=false

The value for backend is cryfs or encfs. I'm supposing vault is a cryfs drive, as it's the default option. If there's a file named cryfs.config lying around then it's a cryfs drive.

Back in ~/.config/plasmavaultrc, at the end of the file, there's an [EncryptedDevices] section, add there the path to the encrypted drive:

[EncryptedDevices]
/media/externaldrive/backup/sarah/vaults/myvvault=true

Restart plasma desktop and that's it.


Ubuntu 15.04 not loading after clean installation (hangs at "GRUB loading.")

Since nobody seems to have a clue, what's wrong with my book (which should truly not be a reproach) i just tried a few more things myself. Like using another tool to create a bootable USB drive, swap partition size, using another drive etc. Nothing seems to work...
Finnaly i found an unremarkable comment in a lenovo forum, which tells, that the problem is simply the UEFI system, which is always loaded first, even if you choose to use legacy BIOS only. For that you should use a full compatible UEFI Linux distro like Fedora. So i downloaded the newest image, burned it on my USB drive and got exact the same problem booting it the regular way. Not even the live mode works. But the Fedora image provides, in contrast to the Ubuntu image, another "EFI boot" menu entry. Booting this works fine and also after the installation it keeps working. You not even need to install any nVidia drivers or edit the boot options.
WiFi, Bluetooth, brightness control, SLI ... all this seems to be supported out of the box.
It's not the prefect solution, cause i'm Ubuntu fan, but if it's not working ... well, it's not working.
Hope this helps users of the same notebook-model, which can't get started with linux too, becase of the configuration.


You're getting this error because you are using 9.10 and there don't appear to be any packages for 9.10 in the PPA.

You need to either file a bug asking them to provide 9.10 packages, upgrade to 10.04, or build from source, sorry!


Read man strace. Then, in the Working condition,

strace -e trace=open nmcli d wifi connect mySSID password myPassword

will show you each call to open, and if the file is opened for write.

Each of the files opened for write will have to be configured to live off /.


Ubuntu 16: Configuring a (trunk) interface w/o IP address

Does not "configure" an address... but it will receive an APIPA address
in my /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth2.nmconnection:
[connection]
id=eth2
uuid=7f734eee2-365a-9ca1-14fbc22246f1
type=ethernet
.
.
.
[ethernet]
duplex=full
mac-address=31:B0:0B:CA:FE:13
mac-address=blacklist=
speed=100
[ipv4]
dns-search=
method=link-local
[ipv6]
.
method=disabled


`xcalib -i -a` controls only one of two screens - can it control both?

No.

  Note that as of date of last testing (2014, xcalib version 0.8) xcalib
  has not been able to invert the colors on all monitors in a
  multi-monitor setup, because all monitors are presented by the X11
  server as a single screen. Thus this limitation is coming from the X11
  server. xrandr-invert-colors does not have this limitation, because it
  uses XRandR API, which correctly handles all attached monitors.

from here: https://github.com/zoltanp/xrandr-invert-colors


Map media keys (Volume up/down) to custom actions

Here's an outline of a procedure to make the mute and volume keys do something else. It breaks if you change the keyboard layout, e.g. if you switch between two languages.

Make an xmodmap file that describes the key remapping. Typically it's a file called .Xmodmap in the home directory, but it could be called anything. The content should be:

keysym XF86AudioMute = XF86Launch5
keysym XF86AudioLowerVolume = XF86Launch6
keysym XF86AudioRaiseVolume = XF86Launch7

(1b: You can test it by running `xmodmap ~/.Xmodmap. It should produce no output, and the volume keys should no longer do anything)

pen Startup Applications on the desktop (Search for it). Add an entry to run /usr/bin/xmodmap /home/username/.Xmodmap. Replace "username" with your own username (the usual $HOME or ~ won't work because the command field is not a shell).

Now you can map the volume keys to other actions in the settings


How can I get the bash $RANDOM in a makefile?

The reason your first line works on OSX and not Ubuntu, is likely because sh is bash on OSX. $$RANDOM is already expanded by the time the bash -c gets around to executing it, since you used "" quotes. So you probably want this:

RANDOM := $(shell bash -c 'echo $$RANDOM')

Personally I'd probably go with awk. Something like

awk 'BEGIN{srand();printf("%d", 65536*rand())}'


Why does the PPA not sync between Source and Binary?

Mine seem to line up. I suggest that your local package lists need updating with a sudo apt-get update.

If that doesn't help, add the output of apt-cache policy libxml2{,-dev} to your question please.

$ apt-cache policy libxml2{,-dev}
libxml2:
  Installed: 2.9.1+dfsg1-3ubuntu4.4
  Candidate: 2.9.1+dfsg1-3ubuntu4.4
  Version table:
 *** 2.9.1+dfsg1-3ubuntu4.4 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     2.9.1+dfsg1-3ubuntu4 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
libxml2-dev:
  Installed: 2.9.1+dfsg1-3ubuntu4.4
  Candidate: 2.9.1+dfsg1-3ubuntu4.4
  Version table:
 *** 2.9.1+dfsg1-3ubuntu4.4 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     2.9.1+dfsg1-3ubuntu4 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages


i have an OWC thunderbolt dock attached to my dell precision m3800 (which is mostly the same as yours) via its thunderbolt 2 interface. I just plugged it in and it worked.

Thunderbolt is hot plug pci which has been in the linux kernel for some time (2.6 i think) as its used by some big storage systems , however accessing it via a usbc port is new.

heres my lspci with the dock

 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 06)
 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x16 Controller (rev 06)
 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06)
 00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller (rev 06)
 00:04.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Device 0c03 (rev 06)
 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI (rev 05)
 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #2 (rev 05)
 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05)
 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev d5)
 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 (rev d5)
 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #4 (rev d5)
 00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #5 (rev d5)
 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #1 (rev 05)
 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM87 Express LPC Controller (rev 05)
 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 05)
 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05)
 00:1f.6 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series Chipset Family Thermal Management Controller (rev 05)
 02:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GK107GLM [Quadro K1100M] (rev ff)
 06:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Wireless 7260 (rev bb)
 07:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTS5249 PCI Express Card Reader (rev 01)
 08:00.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 157e
 09:00.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 157e
 09:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 157e
 0a:00.0 System peripheral: Intel Corporation Device 157d
 0b:00.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation DSL5520 Thunderbolt [Falcon Ridge]
 0c:00.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation DSL5520 Thunderbolt [Falcon Ridge]
 0c:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation DSL5520 Thunderbolt [Falcon Ridge]
 0c:02.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation DSL5520 Thunderbolt [Falcon Ridge]
 0c:03.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation DSL5520 Thunderbolt [Falcon Ridge]
 0c:04.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation DSL5520 Thunderbolt [Falcon Ridge]
 0c:05.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation DSL5520 Thunderbolt [Falcon Ridge]
 0d:00.0 USB controller: Fresco Logic FL1100 USB 3.0 Host Controller (rev 10)
 0e:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation I210 Gigabit Network Connection (rev 03)
 0f:00.0 USB controller: Fresco Logic FL1100 USB 3.0 Host Controller (rev 10)
 10:00.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): LSI Corporation FW643 [TrueFire] PCIe 1394b Controller (rev 08)

Your kernel will enable the usb c port if it has the drivers for it , if so it will appear in the output of this command

lspci -d ::0c03 -k

try newer kernels until you find one that can enable it, the intel chipsets should be fully supported in the upstream kernel but seem not to have made it to the ubuntu ones.

There should be entries in your logs related to attempts to enable the port, please post them here.

Update:

in theory you should be able to run the following command to rescan the pci bus which might help to wake up your dock.

echo "1" | sudo tee /sys/bus/pci/rescan > /dev/null


Can i Dual boot Win 7 64 Bit with Ubuntu 32 Bit?

This is a myth. YOU CAN dual boot with the given configuration.


deja-dup folder is eating disk space, problem with backup in 16.04

DejaDup has a loosely configurable scheduling policy accessible under System Settings -> Backups -> Scheduling which defaults to keeping backups forever. Depending on your use case you might find it sufficient to simply change the frequency and retention settings as shown below.

Note that older backups will be apparently be deleted earlier if DejaDup determines that the storage location is low on space. It appears that this doesn't always work as expected.


kernel BUG at /build/buildd/linux-3.16.0/drivers/gpu/drm/radeon/radeon_s8.c:321!

Success!!! I found that I needed to disable fast startup on Windows for Ubuntu to successfully install.

Steps to disable fast startup:

Go to start screen and search for "change what the power buttons do"
Click "change settings that are currently available"
Scroll down and uncheck "Turn on fast startup".

After fixing that, I did run into Ubuntu 14.04 LTS live USB boot error (gfxboot.c32:not a valid COM32R image), which had an easy workaround.


GNURADIO: libfftw3f.so.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

You need to install the libfftw3-3 package, either using sudo apt-get install or by searching for it in Software Center.


Try to install drivers downloaded from the official website.

Go to http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/search/01/search/?OSC=LX
Select your device
Select proper driver
Download .deb file
Double click on .deb file to install it


HDMI not working on Lenovo Thinkpad T14 with Ubuntu 18.04

I have solved it by updating to a new kernel. Ubuntu 20.04 LTS comes with a Kernel 5.4.0 which was problematic both for HDMI and also screen brightness adjustment in my case.
Solution: I simply updated to a newer Kernel, (5.9.0 in my case) and those issues were solved without any additional step required. I hope this helps many others who are disappointed at the moment and reading this page.


sudo systemctl edit some.service fails because I'm not on a tty

Well, I found a workaround...
I changed from Gnome to Cinnamon and it worked perfectly. Now the service is edited :)


wifi and bluetooth not working in hp model 15-ac054TU

Search for "additional drivers" in All applications and then enable the proprietry drivers for your wifi. This will enable your default wifi.


Network-address-translation (NAT) on a Linux system with Iptables
  rules so that the system can act as a gateway and provide Internet
  access to multiple hosts on a local network using a single public IP
  address. This is achieved by rewriting the source and/or destination
  addresses of IP packets as they pass through the NAT system.

  Minimum Requirements are any Linux OS, Iptables and Two Network
  interface card.

  Configure eth0 for Internet with a Public IP
  Configure eth1 for LAN with a Private IP (Internal private network)
  DNS Configuration
  NAT configuration with IP Tables.....Read On1

You may also want to look at NAT Setup in Ubuntu Server

1Source:NAT configuration with iptables in Ubuntu


As you don't have any possibility to download the packages, you could reinstall them from your Setup CD/Stick. (I don't know how but I know it's possible)

Since some of your software may be upgraded to 13.10 and some is still 13.04, this could result in some kind of "hybride system". To avoid such problems, the best way to do this is to setup your PC from scratch. (Get a Ubuntu Saucy ISO and install it over the existing system)

Whatever you do, create a backup of your personal files before doing anything else!


When syncing, removed contacts still show up (One contacts)

guess it was just a sync problem since this got sorted out later on...


How to login to internet using web based login while installing 12.04

Two suggestions.

Boot into the live cd and setup the wireless then start the install by clicking the icon on the desktop.
While installing Ubuntu uncheck ‘Download updates while installing’.


I can't answer your question exactly, but I'll try.
According to this:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuStudioPreparation
"ubuntu" users can opt to install lowlatency kernel manually OR install the ubuntustudio package.  (Wich is not to install "ubuntu studio" flavour, wich is your case)

I've been using Ubuntu studio since release 9.04 when it came with a realtime kernel.  I used 10.10 for many years and I had to manually install rt-kernel for it, and realtime was excellent for multitrack recording with audio.  Later on I used 12.04 live, wich came with a normal kernel, but some delay was noticeable for multitrack recording.
This year I choosed to upgrade to 16.04 LTS, but I preferred to install Ubuntu 16.04 and install "ubuntu studio" as a package over "ubuntu" (because ubuntu 16.04 is a 5 year support release, and ubuntu studio 16.04 is a only 3 years support release)
Installing ubuntu studio as a package did not install lowlatency kernel (and I found your question looking for information on that).

If you wanna check if you have a lowlatency kernel I suggest you to run synaptic (package manager) and search there for lowlatency to see if it's installed.  (I don't know the command for the kernel to inform it's version, sorry)  You can install Synaptic from "Ubuntu Software" application, and I recommend it for installing specific packages.  (Ubuntu used to came with Synaptic instead of "ubuntu software").

If lowlatency is not installed, you can install it from Synaptic, or run these two commands:

sudo apt-get update

(this will update the repositories with latest packages available for your 16.04 release)
AND:

sudo apt-get install linux-lowlatency linux-headers-lowlatency

You should install those 2 packages together.
I think that in grub bootloader you'll have options to choose the kernel for each boot.  (lowlatency or normal)

Well, that's all I can tell about this.


The solution for dual boot Windows 10 and Ubuntu 16.04 is a bit tricky because it is somewhat hardware dependent.

See this link for detailed answer and general explanation.
See this link for the question in case above link is invalid.

For my particular case, I have a Samsung Series 9 (2011) with Windows 10 installed. No other OS,but my Windows 10 has 4 partitions (pictured below). This PC requires F2 for setup, and no F10/F11 options for boot menu. So the only configuration change in setup is "UEFI Boot Support" which limits the possible solutions to my problem.

The solution for me was to keep my Windows 10 install, and shrink partition to make room for Ubuntu 16.04 install.

First press F2 for setup and change boot priority to make Primary SATA HDD and Windows Boot Manager last. Now it will allow me to boot into USB Live. Boot order in image is not correct so do what works for you, so it's okay if my ordering does not match your own.

Use a 16.04 USB Live, and start the installation process.

Select "Something Else" when asked if you want to format whole disk in the "Installation Type" menu.

Now you are in the manual partition page for the mounted drives. I only have one drive which is called "sda"

Above Image Shows that I kept my Windows 10 install and made free space for the Ubuntu 16.04 which requires Ext4 file system.

After install restart, and press F2 for setup and change boot priority to have primary SATA HDD and Windows Boot Manager at the top; respectively. This was not the end, but you should try it to see if it may be for your case. I had to go a few steps further.

Went back into USB Live installation and used a tool called Boot-Repair

Redo Ubuntu 16.04 install, but change Device for boot loader installion from (pictured above):

  /dev/sda

to

  /dev/sda1

Restart and run Boot-Repair again with recommended option.

Final change setup boot priority to have SATA HDD and Windows Boot Manager at the top.

A combination of installing Grub and boot loader a few times allowed the installation to work, and allow Grub to be selected first.

Note in the image below that sda1 is windows recovery, and sda2 is Windows Boot Manager.

LAST STEP: Match boot priority in setup as pictured below.

SATA HDD
Windows Boot Manager
ubuntu (make it last)

Below is a picture of disk utility software output (Disk Management) to show general partition scheme with Windows 10, Ubuntu 14.04, Ubuntu 16.04, and Swap Area. All 3 OS are accessible.

Below is my current GRUB, and yes it is a bit messy. I did advanced option on Boot-Repair to get Windows Boot Manager to be selected automatically. Current GRUB setup is a messy layout due to multiple install attempts and use of Boot-Repair utility


Is there a schedule for the system updates that come through update manager in 12.04?

ubuntu wiki seems to suggest that there is no set schedule. They say they don't update unless it's important but there can be times where a lot of updates get sent out. It also is a fairly new release, which is where most of the updates happen. The frequency of updates should decrease over time.
Personally I'm not concerned about getting malicious software from the ubuntu updates, but that doesn't mean that it's not a real concern.


How do I contact the maintainer of an out of date mirror?

Most mirror operations are automated, this could be a simple error with that mirror or another problem. Usually if a mirror is out of date for too long it should be removed from the list.

Launchpad has a list of Ubuntu mirrors:

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archivemirrors

Here is the entry for the mirror you are using:

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+mirror/ftp.iitb.ac.in-archive

Click on the owner link to get the contact information for that particular mirror, they may or may not even know their is a problem with their mirror. See also:

https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-mirrors
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Mirrors


Does the Netgear WPN511 PCMCIA card work with 64bit natty?

It's reported to work with Lubuntu 11.04 out of the box, see the link below.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HardwareSupportComponentsWirelessNetworkCardsNetgear#PCMCIA

PS: WPN511 is the last entry in the PCMCIA table.


You have misunderstood how noauto works.

From fstab man page:

 noauto: do not mount when "mount -a" is given (e.g., at boot time)

It means that the partition would not be mounted at boot time, and is not even taken into consideration when you insert the device containing the partition after the boot.

In older versions of Nautilus, there was an option to set in gconf-editor to not automount inserted devices. Now it is in dconf-editor, in

org.gnome.desktop.media-handling/automount

(thanks to @lgarzo for the information).


Installing Ubuntu 13.04 on HP Pavilion g4 laptop

My suggestion would be to use a different USB drive to mount the ISO and redo the process, because some USB drives are known to have problems with ISOs.

Don't go for the DVD drive option, as it is much slower as compared to USB install.

I would also recommend Wubi(Windows Installer) if you are dual-booting with Windows. It will be easier to remove Ubuntu if you ever need to.


You need to install the driver. Run in terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/focaltech-dkms
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install focaltech-dkms
sudo modprobe -r psmouse
sudo modprobe psmouse

For Ubuntu 15.10+ Focaltech touchpads are supported by Ubuntu kernels.
There are no packages for Ubuntu 15.10+ in the PPA.

For Ubuntu 14.04 kernel 4.2 can be installed from Ubuntu repositories. You will need to remove focaltech-dkms and upgrade the kernel

sudo apt-get purge focaltech-dkms
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:hanipouspilot/focaltech-dkms
sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-wily


Where is the installed kernel source located?

The kernel source code installed by the linux-source  package is installed in the form of a compressed archive in the /usr/src directory. For example, if you are running Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, the kernel source archive will be at /usr/src/linux-source-3.13.0.tar.bz2. You can unpack the source code in your current directory wherever you like to view it with

tar jxf /usr/src/linux-source-3.13.0.tar.bz2

If instead you would like to know how to get and prepare the kernel source for building your own custom kernel, see the Ubuntu help document on compiling your own kernel  or these other questions and answers:

Where can I find the source code for the Ubuntu Kernel?
Is the Ubuntu kernel open source and available for download and building?
How do I get the kernel source code?


Ubuntu keeps freezing.  How do I Reinstall Ubuntu 12.04

You can boot either from the USB that you mentioned, or from CD.  To install from CD, just Download Ubuntu, burn it into a CD.  Boot from CD ( make sure you system is set to boot from CD), and follow the installation steps.  When you get to the Allocate Drive Space 0r (installation Type),

Choose Erase Disk and Install.  To use USB, you can See this site


How to install KDE for different user on ubuntu 12.04

It's really easy.

All you have to do, is install the Desktop Environments you want them to use, and then select them at login time. For each user, the desktop last chosen when they login will be selected every time that user logs in from then on, regardless of whether they are an administrator or not.


Not directly; you must first upgrade to 10.10, then 11.04.  You can only skip releases when upgrading from LTS to LTS.


There is Gnu Xnee, which enables you to record and replay actions on the desktop. You can install it from the software center.

"GNU Xnee is a suite of programs that can record, replay and
distribute user actions under the X11 environment. Think of it as a
robot that can imitate the job you just did."


How to keep Wake On WirelessLan enabled after shutdown / reboot

Create a file: /etc/rc.local

#!/bin/sh
iw phy0 wowlan enable magic-packet
exit 0

Save the file and make it executable with this command:

sudo chmod +x /etc/rc.local

Reboot and test WoWLAN


Unity application running but not responding

The application is definitely running, and probably correctly.
There are a few possibilities:

you have a second screen connected, but it is switched off.
you have workspaces enabled, and Gimp is running on one of your other workspaces / viewports.

In the first case, either disconnect the screen or switch it on to see the application window.
In the second case, navigate through the other workspaces with the keys Ctrl+Alt+ up/down/left/right arrow keys.
Note
In some occasions, after unplugging a second monitor, the monitor still appears as a "phantom" monitor in System Settings > Displays, causing the same issues as above. In that case, switching it off in display settings should solve the issues.


Next time when compiling you can set the location with:

./configure --prefix=/custom/location

To fix your case just use mv command and move it to the /usr/local/bin with:

sudo mv /home/hilarie/bin/ffmpeg  /usr/local/bin

But I would advise you uninstall it from the current location,

make uninstall

and re-compile and install with:

 ./configure --prefix=/custom/location
 sudo make install

this will ensure that if you wish to remove it, it can be found.


This might be Ubuntu bug 1408963.

I suspect my issue, which appears the same as yours, is one of competing network managers.  In my case, wicd and network-manager.  Even though I only had one of them running in my system tray (nm-applet, the GNOME front end to network-manager), I'd still mysteriously lose my connection every once in a while.

My previous "solution" was to keep restarting network-manager and then waiting to see if the renegotiated connection lasted more than ~10 seconds, but sometimes that resulted in a loop of 5-10 iterations, and sometimes I'd also need to run rmmod on each of the kernel modules starting with "iw" (in the proper order to not muck with dependencies).  That would be between stopping and starting:

# old solution, often requires several tries
service network-manager stop
rmmod iwlwifi
rmmod iwldvm
modprobe iwldvm iwlwifi
service network-manager start

Reading the above bug made me think that it might be dueling network managers.  So far, things look good after having stopped wicd:

service wicd stop

network-manager should automatically take back control and renegotiate your connection in a few seconds.

That said, I don't know how to reproduce this issue without merely waiting an undetermined amount of time, so this might be a bit preliminary.


Sound devices refuse to work on root GUI login (11.10)

It's broken on purpose so you don't screw stuff up.

The proper way to do stuff with root is to use sudo and gksu.

Logging in with the root account is a really bad idea, and it's really easy to screw stuff up to the point where you can't fix it. As such, the margin for error is... small at best.

Related: Why is it bad to login as root?


You may try some extensions that are designed for this, Argos by pew or Command Output by elken.


That particular web page is the problem. If you check the source (Ctrl+U), the only character set (charset) encoding specified is GB2312. Firefox won't detect it automatically.

Nowadays, most web sites intended for international viewing should use Unicode (UTF-8) for compatibility. For example, if you check:
http://www.xinhuanet.com/
you should see normal Chinese text. If you check the source (Ctrl+U), near the top of the page you will see:
charset=utf-8

In Firefox, you can select a different character encoding in the View menu. You would have to check those listed as Chinese to see if the text is legible.


amdgpu-pro - Can not configure WQHD (2560x1440) resolution for second monitor attached via DVI

When using HDMI instead of DVI i am able to set up my monitors correctly. But it cant be a hardware-limitation as it worked perfectly with the built-in driver, it has to be related to amdgpu-pro.

My initial problem is solved by switching the video output, but the issue remains in the amdgpu-driver. If you have problems using 3 outputs with WQHD you might want to contact AMD directly.


ubuntu 18.10: pdf thumbnails does'nt work

I just found a workaround here on Launchpad.

In brief:

Edit the file /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.bin.evince (e.g., sudo nano /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.bin.evince)
Add the line owner /tmp/{,.}gnome_desktop_thumbnail.* w, at the end of usr.bin.evince (in my case it was empty), and save.
Run the command sudo apparmor_parser -r /etc/apparmor.d/usr.bin.evince.

That's it! It works immediately...


What does the tick mark in software sources list > other sources tab > tick box besides each ppa link do?

To disable a repository temporarily, untick the checkbox next to its name.

(via Official Ubuntu help page)


Is there any project in existence to have common (all apps) settings?

There is definitely no application like that and there never will be. In iOS we have one system (iOS) from one company (apple) so every developer for iOS has to integrate his/her app into this system, but for GNU/Linux systems like Ubuntu, things aren't the same.

In addition I have to say that less than half of the iOS-Apps are integrated in the iOS settings menu.


Update permissions on folder to let user scp file there?

At the moment the group owner is root, not tomcat, so being in the tomcat group won't help hamburgers.

Change the group ownership to the tomcat group

sudo chown -R :tomcat /opt/tomcat/webapps

The -R makes chown apply recursively to all the contents of the directory.

The group will need write permission too:

sudo chmod g+w /opt/tomcat/webapps

Or if you prefer octal :)

sudo chmod 770 /opt/tomcat/webapps


Is there a known way to get the battery to stop charging at 60% with Ubuntu on a Lenovo g50-30?

As @linrunner mentioned in a comment, there is an alpha test for TLP 1.4 which takes advantage of the conservation mode driver on Lenovo machines. This works perfectly for me.


I described an solution for a similar problem. Maybe it fixes your problem too.

How do I fix the package problem I have received after a failed attempt at installing QtOctave?


How to become superuser without terminal

Does the below help?

gksudo gedit ~/.bashrc

You could always run a terminal and tell Bash to ignore that rc file:

gnome-terminal -e 'bash --norc'


The virtualenv.py is the actual program written in python. If you install it via pip or pip3, it automatically installs it as virtualenv and we can use it. However, here it seems that virtualenv is just calling the virtualenv.py and hence you are getting that in the usage section.

Here is the source code of the virtualenv.py


How do I install 12.10 on a Pavilion-G6 laptop with UEFI

The last I heard, WUBI didn't work well on UEFI installations; however, I don't follow WUBI very closely, so that may not be accurate. If it is accurate, your best bet is to ignore any WUBI-style boot options and instead boot the Ubuntu CD/DVD directly using the firmware's boot manager (usually accessed by hitting a function key soon after you power on). You may see two CD/DVD device entries in the list; be sure to select the one that's marked as being for "EFI" or "UEFI" and not one that's marked as "BIOS" or "Legacy." Once the installer is booted, I recommend dropping to a shell and checking for the presence of a directory called /sys/firmware/efi. If it's present, you've booted into EFI mode; if not, you've probably accidentally booted into BIOS/legacy mode. Do not proceed with installation in BIOS/legacy mode. Although you can get it to work this way, you'll need to jump through some extra hoops, so it's better to go back and at least try to get the installer started in EFI mode.

Ubuntu 12.10 does support Secure Boot, but this is a brand-new feature and so it may yet be buggy on some systems. If you want to eliminate Secure Boot as a possible source of trouble, you can certainly disable it using your firmware setup utility, but the details of how to do so vary from one system to another.

FWIW, part of the problem with UEFI systems right now is that, despite a strict and detailed UEFI standard, manufacturers are introducing their own unique bugs, quirks, and idiosyncratic ways of doing things. It's like a cross between the Wild West and the Soviet Union. The point of this is: If you get a computer and it's giving you too much grief getting the Ubuntu installer to boot, return it, and make it very clear why you've done so. You might end up with something a little less mind-bendingly dysfunctional. FWIW, I've seen more problem reports about Sony and HP machines than most others, but I don't know if that's because they're worse than others or because they're more popular than others.


Get Security Updates Delta, and install them

After some of my own research, and some fiddling around, this is the solution I have found for myself:

grep security /etc/apt/sources.list > /tmp/su.list
apt-get -o Dir::Etc::Sourcelist=/tmp/su.list -q update
apt-get -o Dir::Etc::Sourcelist=/tmp/su.list -q upgrade -s 2>&1 | tee /tmp/security_updates_fetch.log
apt-get -o Dir::Etc::Sourcelist=/tmp/su.list -q upgrade -ym --force-yes 2>&1 | tee /tmp/security_updates_install.log

This will output to the stdout as well as create a few files in /tmp/:

/tmp/su.list : Which is a throw-away file after the operation completes.
security_updates_fetch.log : Contains the updates which will be performed.
security_updates_install.log : Contains the log of the actual update.


Compiz window decoration for Budgie Desktop

I dont know how to change the decoration manager, but you can change the gtk theme for the window decoration until it fits (use the dconf-editor).


Networking issues on Thinkpad T480 with Ubuntu 16.04

This is what worked for me.

Install all the updates using the software updater.

Then check the contents of the file /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf. By default it should be:

[connection]
wifi.powersave = 3

3 here means wifi powersave is enabled. Change it to 2 (which means disabled). Reboot the computer. After I did this, it has been working fine for me most of the times. Sometimes when it doesn't, I restart the  network-manager service by running the following command in the terminal

sudo service network-manager restart

Then it works fine. Hope this helps.


Default user-group owner for /var folder

/var/ is probably the most complicated ownership setup in the entire operating system. It's not all root-owned and doing that is about as harmful as letting your user own it all. Some things won't work if you leave it like that, namely the desktop.

If you want to see the array of users and owners you're dealing with, look at the following command on a working system:

sudo ls -lR /var | awk '/^[^/]/ {print $3 " " $4}' | sort -u

On my system, 59 distinct user/owner combinations in /var/. This is the point where I expect most people give up and reinstall. Let's be honest, if you haven't gone that far with your computer, there isn't going to be much lost from a nice install-over-the-top. It's almost certainly going to be quicker.

If you're still reading, you're completely mad but you're in good company. Let's start by owning everything to root:root.

sudo chown -R root: /var

And now we have to correct for the things that aren't and can't be root. I have written short command that shows me the files and directories that aren't owned by root:root.

In the output I have trimmed out some things that aren't going to be relevant to a lot of people (nginx, rabbitmq, schroot stuff, lxc, and a lot more). This is all specialist stuff. If you've borked those permissions, ask me for the output and I'll include it. I have also broken down some big directories that are owned by the same user/group all the way through with wildcards.

I'm including this output so you can see how things are supposed to be owned. You can manually chown things to approximately the right user/group. oli is my $USER.

$ sudo find /var/ -not \( -user 0 -group 0 \) -not -path "/var/lib/schroot/*" -not -path "/var/cache/*" -not -path "/var/tmp/*" -printf "%p,%u:%g\n" | grep -viE "(squeeze|rabbitmq|nginx|lxc|postfix)" | sort -u | column -t -c 80 -s ,
/var/backups/gshadow.bak                                     root:shadow
/var/backups/shadow.bak                                      root:shadow
/var/crash/*                                                 root:whoopsie
/var/lib/avahi-autoipd/6c:f0:49:54:0b:80                     avahi-autoipd:avahi-autoipd
/var/lib/avahi-autoipd                                       avahi-autoipd:avahi-autoipd
/var/lib/colord/*                                            colord:colord
/var/lib/libuuid                                             libuuid:libuuid
/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db                                  root:mlocate
/var/lib/nfs/sm.bak                                          statd:nogroup
/var/lib/nfs/sm                                              statd:nogroup
/var/lib/nfs                                                 statd:nogroup
/var/lib/nfs/state                                           statd:root
/var/lib/samba/usershares/films                              oli:oli
/var/lib/samba/usershares/incoming                           oli:oli
/var/lib/samba/usershares                                    root:sambashare
/var/lib/samba/usershares/tv                                 oli:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/0                                          root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/10                                         root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/11                                         root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/12                                         root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/13                                         root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/14                                         root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/1                                          root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/2                                          root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/3                                          root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/4                                          root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/5                                          root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/6                                          root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/7                                          root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/8                                          root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/9                                          root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/console                                    root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli                                            root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/tty1                                       root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/tty2                                       root:oli
/var/lib/lightdm/*                                           lightdm:lightdm
/var/local                                                   root:staff
/var/log/apport.log.1                                        root:adm
/var/log/apport.log.2.gz                                     root:adm
/var/log/apport.log.3.gz                                     root:adm
/var/log/apport.log.4.gz                                     root:adm
/var/log/apport.log.5.gz                                     root:adm
/var/log/apport.log.6.gz                                     root:adm
/var/log/apport.log.7.gz                                     root:adm
/var/log/apport.log                                          root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.1.gz                                   root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.2.gz                                   root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.3.gz                                   root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.4.gz                                   root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.5.gz                                   root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.6.gz                                   root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.7.gz                                   root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log                                        root:adm
/var/log/auth.log.1                                          syslog:adm
/var/log/auth.log.2.gz                                       syslog:adm
/var/log/auth.log.3.gz                                       syslog:adm
/var/log/auth.log.4.gz                                       syslog:adm
/var/log/auth.log                                            syslog:adm
/var/log/boot                                                root:adm
/var/log/btmp.1                                              root:utmp
/var/log/btmp                                                root:utmp
/var/log/cups/access_log.1.gz                                root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log.2.gz                                root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log.3.gz                                root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log.4.gz                                root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log.5.gz                                root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log.6.gz                                root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log.7.gz                                root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log                                     root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.1.gz                                 root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.2.gz                                 root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.3.gz                                 root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.4.gz                                 root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.5.gz                                 root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.6.gz                                 root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.7.gz                                 root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log                                      root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.1.gz                                  root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.2.gz                                  root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.3.gz                                  root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.4.gz                                  root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.5.gz                                  root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.6.gz                                  root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.7.gz                                  root:lpadmin
/var/log/cups/page_log                                       root:adm
/var/log/cups                                                root:lpadmin
/var/log/dist-upgrade/20121107-0129/apt-term.log             root:adm
/var/log/dist-upgrade/20130426-1402/apt-term.log             root:adm
/var/log/dist-upgrade/apt-term.log                           root:adm
/var/log/dmesg.0                                             root:adm
/var/log/dmesg.1.gz                                          root:adm
/var/log/dmesg.2.gz                                          root:adm
/var/log/dmesg.3.gz                                          root:adm
/var/log/dmesg.4.gz                                          root:adm
/var/log/dmesg                                               root:adm
/var/log/fail2ban.log.1                                      root:adm
/var/log/fail2ban.log.2.gz                                   root:adm
/var/log/fail2ban.log.3.gz                                   root:adm
/var/log/fail2ban.log.4.gz                                   root:adm
/var/log/fail2ban.log                                        root:adm
/var/log/fsck/checkfs                                        root:adm
/var/log/fsck/checkroot                                      root:adm
/var/log/hp/hp-upgrade.log                                   oli:oli
/var/log/hp                                                  root:lp
/var/log/hp/tmp                                              root:lp
/var/log/installer/syslog                                    syslog:adm
/var/log/kern.log.1                                          syslog:adm
/var/log/kern.log.2.gz                                       syslog:adm
/var/log/kern.log.3.gz                                       syslog:adm
/var/log/kern.log.4.gz                                       syslog:adm
/var/log/kern.log                                            syslog:adm
/var/log/lastlog                                             root:utmp
/var/log/mail.err.1                                          syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.err.2.gz                                       syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.err.3.gz                                       syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.err.4.gz                                       syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.err                                            syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.log.1                                          syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.log.2.gz                                       syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.log.3.gz                                       syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.log.4.gz                                       syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.log                                            syslog:adm
/var/log/news/news.crit                                      syslog:adm
/var/log/news/news.err                                       syslog:adm
/var/log/news/news.notice                                    syslog:adm
/var/log/speech-dispatcher                                   speech-dispatcher:root
/var/log/syslog.1                                            syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog.2.gz                                         syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog.3.gz                                         syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog.4.gz                                         syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog.5.gz                                         syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog.6.gz                                         syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog.7.gz                                         syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog                                              syslog:adm
/var/log/ufw.log.1                                           syslog:adm
/var/log/ufw.log                                             syslog:adm
/var/log/wtmp.1                                              root:utmp
/var/log/wtmp                                                root:utmp
/var/mail/oli                                                oli:mail
/var/mail                                                    root:mail
/var/mail/root                                               root:mail
/var/metrics                                                 root:whoopsie
/var/spool/cron/atjobs/a000020152342b                        oli:daemon
/var/spool/cron/atjobs                                       daemon:daemon
/var/spool/cron/atjobs/.SEQ                                  daemon:daemon
/var/spool/cron/atspool                                      daemon:daemon
/var/spool/cron/crontabs/oli                                 oli:crontab
/var/spool/cron/crontabs                                     root:crontab
/var/spool/cups/c00075                                       root:lp
/var/spool/cups/c00076                                       root:lp
/var/spool/cups/c00077                                       root:lp
/var/spool/cups/c00078                                       root:lp
/var/spool/cups/d00075-001                                   root:lp
/var/spool/cups/d00076-001                                   root:lp
/var/spool/cups/d00077-001                                   root:lp
/var/spool/cups/d00078-001                                   root:lp
/var/spool/cups                                              root:lp
/var/spool/cups/tmp                                          root:lp
/var/spool/rsyslog                                           syslog:adm


VLC is installed but doesn't run properly

Delete the VLC profile

Deleting the profile folder of VLC makes it work as when you first installed it.

Using terminal

Open a terminal (press Ctrl+Alt+t)
Run rm -rf .config/vlc/

Using GUI

Go to Home folder
Show hidden files (press Ctrl+h)
Open the folder .config
Right click on vlc folder and delete
Restart VLC and see how it works.


Why does my .desktop file execute via double click but not from the menu?

Based on your response to Alex L.'s comment, it sounds like FTL is looking for various things in your current working directory, so if you navigate using a filebrowser or using cd, it works.  Since the menu doesn't do that, there's something that it can't find.

Try editing the .desktop file so the Exec line looks like this instead:

sh -c "cd /home/andi/.local/share/FTL/ && ./FTL"

That will switch directories first, and should let FTL find everything it needs to start.


Save an edited file in nano, but no permissions

Yes you could save it temporarily to your home directory. Press Ctrl+O to change the path to your home directory or in /tmp and then press Enter to save it. Then you can sudo mv it.

Press CTRL+O will show you the path. Change that to your home directory or /tmp. For example File Name to Write: /tmp/filename and press Enter.


Script to backup Mysql database onto amazon s3

My bash script for backup MYSQL to S3.

SERVERNAME="YOUR_SERVER_NAME"
TIME=`date +"%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M"`
FILENAME="backup-DB-$SERVERNAME-$TIME.sql.gz"
DESDIR="/var/backfile"
mysqldump -u root -pYOURPASSWORD YOURDBNAME | gzip -9 > $DESDIR/$FILENAME
/usr/bin/aws s3 cp $DESDIR/$FILENAME s3://YOURS3BucketName
/bin/rm $DESDIR/$FILENAME

Change SERVERNAME to your server name; this variable used only for creating file name.

Change YOURPASSWORD to your MYSQL password.

Change YOURDBNAME to your MYSQL database name you want to backup

Change YOURS3BucketName to your S3 bucket name.

You must install AWS CLI and configure your AWS cred before using the script.

Finally, put your script in Cron job by

@daily /root/dbback.sh


terminal line height for nice "tree" ascii art display

Just for reference: it got "fixed" in Ubuntu 12.10 because gnome-terminal (well, actually vte) no longer takes these line drawing characters from the font, but has a special code to draw them manually instead.


Syntax of scp is :

$ scp SOURCE DESTINATION

For example, if I want to copy a file named foo in my home directory to the home directory of a remote machine 192.168.0.15, running ssh server, the syntax would be:

$ scp /home/john/foo luther@192.168.0.15:/home/luther/

where luther is a username on 192.168.0.15


Is there an amd graphics installed on my Ubuntu?

Yes, you have an AMD graphics adapter and it is working.

You can also check by

DRI_PRIME=1 glxinfo | grep OpenGL

You have dual graphics with two adapters: Intel and AMD.

You can run applications with either of these.


Dual booting Ubuntu 14.04 and Windows 8.1

Here is a step by step on how I did it:
 1. Install Windows 8.1
 2. disable secureboot in bios (or in some cases allow it to run other Os's)
 3. turn off fast boot
 4. install ubuntu alongside windows.


Are there still plans to implement transparency (RGBA) in Ubuntu's theme?

The problem with implementing rgba currently is lying with the applications that run on the gtk+ library. However, with the switch to gtk+ 3 it is likely that Ubuntu will inherit this feature as a default option.

I'm sorry I don't have a link to hand, but the feature was not dropped, just hindered.

EDIT: Here is a link that indicates the possibility of rgba as a feature of gtk3 (which Ubuntu uses as of 11.10).


How to open the "Starred" category in nautilus via terminal command

Providing the URI starred:/// will open nautilus in the Starred category:
nautilus starred:///


What shifts my entire screen when i log in?

I had this same issue. Drove me nuts.  Turns out it was the grub2 bootloader, which is loaded even if Ubuntu is your only OS (i.e. not multi-booting).  Turn on computer -> grub loads and confuses screen resolution -> Ubuntu loads and tries its best but gets it wrong by 10px to the left and 10px up.  It even confused Windows when I used grub to load it.  Grrrr grub.

I fixed my problem by editing the grub bootloader and manually setting the resolution.  I'm no wizard, so I used Grub Customizer.  In my case, I have a 1440x900 monitor and setting it to 1280x1024 worked great.  Once Ubuntu loads, I have ful 1440x900.  I even got to set a custom background for Grub, so that's cool.

Grub Customizer
Install Instructions

I couldn't promise this will fix your problem.  I never tested a guest account and couldn't say why this would be different.

...

If you're tempted to test Grub to see if it's part of your problem, you could enable its menu display on a solo-Ubuntu installation by editing its config file.

gksu gedit /etc/default/grub
change GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT="0" to ' #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT="0"
sudo update-grub


Enable/Disable Ubuntu Desktop environment on ubuntu-12.04.1-server-i386

This is a specific instance of a generic question, "how do I prevent an upstart service from running at boot".

You can use an override:

  sudo echo "manual" >> /etc/init/lightdm.override

To start lightdm on command:

  sudo start lightdm

To restore your system so that lightdm is always started on boot:

  sudo rm /etc/init/lightdm.override

For more information, the upstart cookbook is your friend:

http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/

SRC : Here


How to "install" multiple Java versions?

Check available versions with some search like:

apt --names-only search "openjdk-.*jre$"

Switch between versions with:

sudo update-alternatives --config java


Left mouse click on sound icon and select "sound settings".
There you can select proper output device and test it.


Problem with wireless on Toshiba Satellite C55-C

At one point I thought that I'd found a solution using wicd as an alternative to network manager, but the it turned out that the connection I was seeing was actually via wired Ethernet (I'd forgotten to unplug the cable. Note to self: don't try diagnosing problems when tired!).

In the end I gave up and sent the laptop back to Toshiba under warranty. It turns out that there was a problem with the laptop's cable harness which they had to  replace. It arrived back this morning and now WiFi is working perfectly.

Thank you all again for your help.


How Do I Replace a disk in a ZFS Root Pool Setup?

Here it is horribly formatted, but works like a charm for me:
In Order To Replace A Boot Disk With The Root ZFS System, you need to zap the new disk
NEWDISK=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ZA3840NM10001_HKT01PCD
sudo wipefs -af $NEWDISK
sudo sgdisk --zap-all $NEWDISK
sudo sgdisk -n1:1M:+512M -t1:EF00 $NEWDISK
sudo sgdisk -n2:0:+1024M -t2:FD00 $NEWDISK
sudo sgdisk -n3:0:+2G -t3:BE00 $NEWDISK
sudo sgdisk -n4:0:0 -t4:BF00 $NEWDISK
#Create the EFI partition 1
#Reset all your variables in this new sudo -i
sudo -i
DISK1=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST4000DM000-1F2168_Z3074N81
DISK2=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ZA3840NM10001_HKT01SPD
DISK3=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ZA3840NM10001_HKT01P3S
DISK4=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ZA3840NM10001_HKT01PCD
mkdosfs -F 32 -s 1 -n EFI ${DISK1}-part1
mkdir /boot/efi
echo UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value ${DISK1}-part1)
/boot/efi vfat umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 > /etc/fstab
mount /boot/efi
mkdosfs -F 32 -s 1 -n EFI ${DISK2}-part1
mkdir /boot/efi2
echo UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value ${DISK2}-part1)
/boot/efi2 vfat umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /etc/fstab
mount /boot/efi2
mkdosfs -F 32 -s 1 -n EFI ${DISK3}-part1
mkdir /boot/efi3
echo UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value ${DISK3}-part1)
/boot/efi3 vfat umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /etc/fstab
mount /boot/efi3
mkdosfs -F 32 -s 1 -n EFI ${DISK4}-part1
mkdir /boot/efi4
echo UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value ${DISK4}-part1)
/boot/efi4 vfat umask=0022,fmask=0022,dmask=0022 0 1 >> /etc/fstab
mount /boot/efi4
#Next Re-Create the Swap Partition 2
#make sure you are still in root mode!!!
Stop the array in case it is running:
mdadm -Esv
mdadm  --stop /dev/md*
mdadm --misc --scan --detail /dev/md0
mdadm --create /dev/md0 --metadata=1.2 --level=raid5
--raid-devices=4 ${DISK1}-part2 ${DISK3}-part2
${DISK2}-part2 ${DISK4}-part2
mkswap -f /dev/md0
echo UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/md0)
none swap discard 0 0 >> /etc/fstab
swapon -a
#Next get part 3 and 4 setup.
make sure you exit root here
exit

Do a sudo zpool status to get the GUID of the record: 6491063046595957463
Then, do a sudo zpool replace [pool_name] [guid] $DISK2-part[0-9]
Ex:
sudo zpool replace rpool 13395510599896975344 $NEWDISK-part4
sudo zpool replace bpool 14748746258678915344 $NEWDISK-part3


If I input password incorrect for one time then it will never pass until open a totally new termal

To solve this, avoid putting in the wrong password.

As an explanaition: you notice that such system behaviour makes it more difficult for malicious users to break into your system. Attempts to break in may involve trying thousands and thousands of passwords. The time needed to break your system strongly depends on the strength of your password. If, in addition, the system itself does not allow to quickly enter and reenter different passwordt, the time will be increased many more: rather than 0.1 second, it then takes many seconds to attempt each different pasword.


Mounting Android and copying files over MTP truncates files by 32 bytes

I have a simple way,
Try connect your phone with PTP and Shotwell Photo Manager has auto copy picture and videos to your computer. There are more photo management in Linux, just Google it.

It's how to connect Nexus 5 with PTP:

Connect phone to Computer
Open notification bar.
Tap to "Connected as a media device".
Select Camera (PTP) instead (MTP).


Just got this going today. This is how I got it working over wireless network, running Xubuntu 12.10 64-bit. (No Canon drivers were needed).

After installing xsane:

The sane man pages refer to "backendname" a lot. http://www.sane-project.org/sane-mfgs.html gives the backend name for the 6250 as "pixma"
man sane-pixma (seems to be a man entry for each backend) tells you that network scanners should normally be detected, but if not, add them directly to /etc/sane.d/pixma.conf
Edit that file and add a line of the format:

bjnp://<ip_address>
IP address can be retrieved from the printer settings, or from the options in the printer itself.
After adding an entry for the printer, save pixma.conf
Now edit /etc/default/saned and set RUN=yes
Then: service saned start
Run xsane

Now xsane should discover the scanner, and instead of saying "no devices found" and dying, it should run up (brings up about 4 windows). All the default settings seem to work — just press "Scan".


University Wifi connection problems ubuntu 16.04

I know at least two universities I've worked for have issued their own certs to some part of the network infrastructure... I suspect mostly in order to intercept SSL traffic. The SSL error you reference in your comments makes me think that's the issue.

At those institutions, in order to be connect to the network, one would need to install their CA as a trusted CA on the system in order to make that connection. See this answer for how to do so on the system level. I would recommend consulting your university's IT department website, or contacting the help desk if your school has one.


How to change ^ modifier in Ubuntu terminal to be tied to Alt key

'How to swap alt-ctrl in the terminal?'
OS X has a handy feature that allows Command as Ctrl.
Basically Ctrl and C like key nodes can be understood by the terminal but Super can't be the same.
See https://superuser.com/questions/1178542/super-key-notation-for-stty

You can edit stty -a for example stty intr ^K now Control+K is an interrupt key and you lose ^K used to erase towards the end of line. But you can't do it any other mod keys Alt Esc.

In the other words, it is very risky to change the default key bind, for example, someone tries to replace ^M works as other things than "Return" and you can't execute any commands.

You can change other shortcuts in Terminal, they are shown in the shortcut menu on your question.

I recommend leave the principals (^C or ^R) untouched and change all other things.

Swap Ctrl and Alt systemside.
First reassign the Ctrl and Alt as you describe, using xmodkey or Gnome-Tweak Typing setting

I believe you already did this. Many other ways introduced
setxkbmap -layout 'us,us' -option 'ctrl:swap_lalt_lctl'
Using Alt key like the mac command (⌘) key for copy/paste

Swap physical keyboard layout
Now then, your Alt_L key is working as your Ctrl_L, and vice-versa.
Some keyboards are not allowed to replace keycaps, e.g. HHKB Pro cannot be done due to the different unit size.
However, most of keycaps are physically swap-able.

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Sword and Sworcery segfaults, how can I reinstall it?

I was able to get this working by doing the following:

Uninstall from the terminal sudo apt-get remove swordandsworcery-bin
Download the deb from the link in the email "Your Humble Bundle order" (received after purchasing the humble bundle)
Install the deb from the terminal (it failed from the software centre) with sudo dpkg -i swordandsworcery_1.00-1_amd64.deb

Note, I replaced v1.56 with v1.00 - that may be why it now works.


How to remap keys on a user level both with and without X

Well bummers!  I've done some research and discovered that changing the keymap to remap CAPSLOCK (for example) REQUIRES root access.  I'm sorry.

In the spirit of information, I'll retain what I had been working on here:

You can set up user-only keyboard configurations by putting options in ~/.keyboard, these will override the system-wide defaults set in /etc/default/keyboard

NOTE: to get setupcon to read your ~/.keyboard, you MUST create ~/.console-setup, an empty file will suffice.  The logic in setupcon does not check for ~/.keyboard, it looks for ~/.console-setup and then reads both files.  Tsk Tsk

You didn't specify what you'd like CAPSLOCK to be mapped to, so I'll give several examples.

You can use the /etc/default/keyboard file as a template if you wish, something like one of these entries in ~/.keyboard would probably work well for you:

(remember you really only need settings which override the system defaults in /etc/default/keyboard)

XKBOPTIONS="ctrl:nocaps"     # CAPSLOCK => CTRL

XKBOPTIONS="caps:escape"     # CAPSLOCK => ESC

XKBOPTIONS="compose:caps"    # CAPSLOCK => Compose (my favorite!)

There are (many!) more options available, have a look at the man page for setupcon (1) and the contents of the file: /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/xorg.lst on your system.k


Looking at your logs, you made a hot system backup instead of a cold system backup, which means that files were being modified while you were making your backup.  On top of this, your OS (/) and data (/home) are not separated, so under these, far from ideal circumstances, I would:

log into the console as root, not the GUI nor your admin user
Mount the squash file system:

mkdir /media/restore
mount /media/dennis/Backup_SSD/Ubuntu_N580VD_Backup.sqsh /media/restore -t squashfs -o loop

Copy your data:

cp --recursive --preserve=all /media/restore/home/* /home/

Shut down the machine in its working state
Take a CloneZilla live cold backup of your system in its current state.

For the following steps, it'll depend on your luck and the kind of applications you were running at the time you made the hot backup.

Copy everything from your hot backup except /run which is a virtual file system set up in memory by the kernel:

rsync --archive --verbose --progress /media/restore/* / --exclude /media/restore/run

Reboot and pray to the gods of Torvalds and Stallman that this'll work.  ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
If it doesn't work:

Restore your CloneZilla Live cold backup
Reinstall all your applications.  (Individual configurations of these applications are still available in your /home from the data restore.)
For heaven's sake: don't take hot system backups and put the CloneZilla Live ISO file in your grub menu and take cold backups from now on.

If it does work: Remove root login please.  Congratulations!  I never thought you would reach this step as hot backups are notoriously unreliable.


How to uninstall or remove Hadoop from Ubuntu ?

Actually I just delete the folder hadoop which given permission(shown below) to my HDFS user.

$ sudo rm -r -f /usr/local/hadoop/

Previously I extracted hadoop-2.4.0 and given permission for my HDFS user(hadoopuser - HDFS user),

$ sudo chown -R hadoopuser:hadoop hadoop

After that I removed user(hadoopuser) and group(hadoop)

root@ARUL-PC:~# deluser hadoopuser
Removing user `hadoopuser' ...
Warning: group `hadoop' has no more members.
Done.
root@ARUL-PC:~# deluser --group hadoop
Removing group `hadoop' ...
Done.

Now hadoop-2.4.0 not present in my system.

Note :
In my system, configured hadoop folder is /usr/local/hadoop/.


How to check the duration of a login session in 12.04

You can check when you logged in with the last command, it shows login time, when the session ended, and other useful bits of information.

You can use it by typing, for example: last username -1 where username is your own username, which will show your most recent login. It should say 'still logged in' on the right.

If it's not the correct session, you can display more by changing the number in the command, such as last username -5.

Or to show all sessions still logged in, last username | grep "still logged in"