What packages are installed on a fresh installation?

Packlist below for a freshly install 11.04 kubuntu installation into a virtualbox guest:

acpi-support
acpid
adduser
akonadi-server
akregator
alsa-base
alsa-utils
amarok
amarok-common
amarok-utils
anacron
app-install-data
apparmor
apparmor-utils
appmenu-gtk
appmenu-qt
apport
apport-kde
apport-symptoms
apt
apt-transport-https
apt-utils
apt-xapian-index
apturl-common
apturl-kde
ark
aspell
aspell-en
at
avahi-autoipd
avahi-daemon
avahi-utils
base-files
base-passwd
bash
bash-completion
bc
bind9-host
binutils
bluedevil
bluez
bluez-alsa
bluez-cups
brltty
bsdmainutils
bsdutils
busybox-initramfs
busybox-static
bzip2
ca-certificates
cdparanoia
cdrdao
cmap-adobe-japan1
command-not-found
command-not-found-data
console-setup
console-terminus
consolekit
coreutils
cpio
cpp
cpp-4.5
cron
cryptsetup
cups
cups-bsd
cups-client
cups-common
cups-driver-gutenprint
cups-ppdc
dash
dbus
dbus-x11
dc
debconf
debconf-i18n
debianutils
defoma
dictionaries-common
diffutils
dmidecode
dmsetup
dnsmasq-base
dnsutils
docbook-xml
docbook-xsl
dolphin
dosfstools
dpkg
dragonplayer
dvd+rw-tools
e2fslibs
e2fsprogs
ed
eject
exiv2
file
findutils
fontconfig
fontconfig-config
foo2zjs
foomatic-db-compressed-ppds
foomatic-db-engine
foomatic-filters
freespacenotifier
friendly-recovery
ftp
fuse-utils
gcc-4.5-base
gconf2
gconf2-common
gdb
gdebi-core
gdebi-kde
genisoimage
geoip-database
gettext-base
ghostscript
ghostscript-cups
ghostscript-x
gir1.2-glib-2.0
glib-networking
gnupg
gnupg-agent
gnupg2
gpgsm
gpgv
grep
groff-base
growisofs
grub-common
grub-gfxpayload-lists
grub-pc
gs-cjk-resource
gsfonts
gstreamer0.10-alsa
gstreamer0.10-packagekit
gstreamer0.10-plugins-base
gstreamer0.10-plugins-good
gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio
gstreamer0.10-x
gtk2-engines-oxygen
gwenview
gzip
hdparm
hicolor-icon-theme
hostname
hpijs
hplip
hplip-cups
hplip-data
hunspell-en-ca
hunspell-en-us
ibus-qt4
icoutils
ifupdown
im-switch
info
initramfs-tools
initramfs-tools-bin
initscripts
inputattach
insserv
install-info
intel-gpu-tools
iproute
iptables
iputils-arping
iputils-ping
iputils-tracepath
irqbalance
isc-dhcp-client
isc-dhcp-common
iso-codes
jockey-common
jockey-kde
k3b
k3b-data
kaddressbook
kamera
kate
kbd
kcalc
kde-config-gtk
kde-config-touchpad
kde-window-manager
kde-zeroconf
kdebase-bin
kdebase-data
kdebase-runtime
kdebase-runtime-data
kdebase-workspace
kdebase-workspace-bin
kdebase-workspace-data
kdebase-workspace-kgreet-plugins
kdegames-card-data
kdegraphics-libs-data
kdegraphics-strigi-plugins
kdelibs-bin
kdelibs5-data
kdelibs5-plugins
kdemultimedia-kio-plugins
kdenetwork-filesharing
kdepasswd
kdepim-groupware
kdepim-kresources
kdepim-runtime
kdepim-strigi-plugins
kdepim-wizards
kdepimlibs-kio-plugins
kdesudo
kdm
kdoctools
kerneloops-daemon
keyboard-configuration
kfind
khelpcenter4
kinfocenter
klibc-utils
klipper
kmag
kmail
kmix
kmousetool
knm-runtime
knotes
konsole
kontact
kopete
kopete-message-indicator
korganizer
kpackagekit
kpat
kppp
krdc
krfb
krosspython
ksnapshot
ksysguard
ksysguardd
ksystemlog
ktimetracker
ktorrent
ktorrent-data
kubuntu-debug-installer
kubuntu-default-settings
kubuntu-desktop
kubuntu-docs
kubuntu-firefox-installer
kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts
kubuntu-netbook-default-settings
kubuntu-notification-helper
kvkbd
kwalletmanager
language-pack-en
language-pack-en-base
language-pack-kde-en
language-pack-kde-en-base
language-selector-common
language-selector-kde
language-support-en
language-support-writing-en
laptop-detect
less
lftp
libaa1
libacl1
libakonadi-contact4
libakonadi-kabc4
libakonadi-kcal4
libakonadi-kde4
libakonadi-kmime4
libakonadiprotocolinternals1
libao-common
libao4
libapparmor-perl
libapparmor1
libarchive1
libasound2
libasound2-plugins
libaspell15
libasyncns0
libatasmart4
libatk1.0-0
libatk1.0-data
libatm1
libattica0
libattr1
libaudio2
libavahi-client3
libavahi-common-data
libavahi-common3
libavahi-core7
libavc1394-0
libbind9-60
libblkid1
libbluedevil1
libbluetooth3
libboost-program-options1.42.0
libbrlapi0.5
libbsd0
libbz2-1.0
libc-bin
libc6
libcaca0
libcairo2
libcanberra0
libcap-ng0
libcap2
libcdparanoia0
libck-connector0
libcln6
libcloog-ppl0
libclucene0ldbl
libcolamd2.7.1
libcomerr2
libcrypt-passwdmd5-perl
libcups2
libcupscgi1
libcupsdriver1
libcupsimage2
libcupsmime1
libcupsppdc1
libcurl3-gnutls
libdaemon0
libdatrie1
libdb4.8
libdbus-1-3
libdbus-glib-1-2
libdbusmenu-glib3
libdbusmenu-gtk3
libdbusmenu-qt2
libdebconf-kde0
libdevmapper-event1.02.1
libdevmapper1.02.1
libdigest-sha1-perl
libdiscid0
libdjvulibre-text
libdjvulibre21
libdmtx0a
libdns69
libdrm-intel1
libdrm-nouveau1a
libdrm-radeon1
libdrm2
libdv4
libedit2
libelf1
libelfg0
libenchant1c2a
libepub0
libexif12
libexiv2-10
libexpat1
libffi5
libfile-basedir-perl
libfile-copy-recursive-perl
libfile-desktopentry-perl
libfile-mimeinfo-perl
libflac++6
libflac8
libfont-afm-perl
libfontconfig1
libfontenc1
libfreetype6
libfribidi0
libfs6
libfuse2
libgadu3
libgcc1
libgconf2-4
libgcrypt11
libgdbm3
libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0
libgeoip1
libgif4
libgirepository-1.0-1
libgl1-mesa-dri
libgl1-mesa-glx
libglib2.0-0
libglu1-mesa
libgmp3c2
libgmpxx4ldbl
libgnome-keyring0
libgnutls26
libgomp1
libgpg-error0
libgpgme++2
libgpgme11
libgphoto2-2
libgphoto2-port0
libgpm2
libgpod-common
libgpod4
libgps19
libgraphite3
libgs9
libgs9-common
libgssapi-krb5-2
libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0
libgstreamer0.10-0
libgtk2.0-0
libgtk2.0-bin
libgtk2.0-common
libgudev-1.0-0
libgutenprint2
libhpmud0
libhtml-format-perl
libhtml-parser-perl
libhtml-tagset-perl
libhtml-tree-perl
libhunspell-1.2-0
libhyphen0
libibus-qt1
libical0
libice6
libicu44
libidl0
libidn11
libiec61883-0
libieee1284-3
libijs-0.35
libilmbase6
libimobiledevice2
libindicate-qt1
libindicate5
libiodbc2
libisc62
libisccc60
libisccfg62
libiw30
libjack-jackd2-0
libjasper1
libjbig2dec0
libjpeg62
libjs-jquery
libk3b6
libk5crypto3
libkabc4
libkatepartinterfaces4
libkblog4
libkcal4
libkcalcore4
libkcalutils4
libkcddb4
libkcmutils4
libkdcraw9
libkde3support4
libkdecorations4
libkdecore5
libkdegames5
libkdepim4
libkdesu5
libkdeui5
libkdewebkit5
libkdnssd4
libkemoticons4
libkephal4a
libkexiv2-9
libkeyutils1
libkfile4
libkholidays4
libkhtml5
libkidletime4
libkimap4
libkimproxy4
libkio5
libkipi8
libkjsapi4
libkjsembed4
libkldap4
libkleo4
libklibc
libkmediaplayer4
libkmime4
libknewstuff2-4
libknewstuff3-4
libknotifyconfig4
libkntlm4
libkonq5-templates
libkonq5a
libkontactinterface4
libkopete4
libkparts4
libkpgp4
libkpimidentities4
libkpimtextedit4
libkpimutils4
libkprintutils4
libkpty4
libkrb5-3
libkrb5support0
libkresources4
libkrosscore4
libksba8
libkscreensaver5
libksgrd4
libksieve4
libksignalplotter4
libktexteditor4
libktnef4
libktorrent-l10n
libktorrent2
libkunitconversion4
libkutils4
libkwineffects1a
libkworkspace4
libkxmlrpcclient4
liblastfm0
liblcms1
libldap-2.4-2
liblocale-gettext-perl
liblockfile1
libloudmouth1-0
libltdl7
liblvm2app2.2
liblwres60
liblzma2
libmagic1
libmailtools-perl
libmailtransport4
libmeanwhile1
libmessagecore4
libmessagelist4
libmicroblog4
libmimelib4
libmng1
libmpc2
libmpcdec6
libmpfr4
libmsn0.3
libmtdev1
libmtp8
libmusicbrainz3-6
libmysqlclient16
libmythes-1.2-0
libncurses5
libncursesw5
libneon27-gnutls
libnepomuk4
libnepomukquery4a
libnepomukutils4
libnewt0.52
libnfnetlink0
libnih-dbus1
libnih1
libnl1
libnm-glib-vpn1
libnm-glib2
libnm-util1
libnspr4
libnss-mdns
libnss3
libntfs-3g79
libntfs10
libntrack-qt4-1
libntrack0
libogg0
libokularcore1
libopenexr6
libopenobex1
liborbit2
liborc-0.4-0
libotr2
libpackagekit-glib2-14
libpackagekit-qt14
libpam-ck-connector
libpam-modules
libpam-modules-bin
libpam-runtime
libpam0g
libpango1.0-0
libpaper-utils
libpaper1
libparted0debian1
libpcap0.8
libpci3
libpciaccess0
libpcre3
libpcsclite1
libperl5.10
libphonon4
libpipeline1
libpixman-1-0
libplasma-geolocation-interface4
libplasma3
libplasmaclock4b
libplasmagenericshell4
libplist1
libplymouth2
libpng12-0
libpolkit-agent-1-0
libpolkit-backend-1-0
libpolkit-gobject-1-0
libpolkit-qt-1-1
libpoppler-qt4-3
libpoppler13
libpopt0
libpowerdevilcore0
libppl-c2
libppl7
libprocesscore4b
libprocessui4a
libproxy0
libpth20
libpulse-browse0
libpulse-mainloop-glib0
libpulse0
libpython2.7
libqalculate5
libqapt-runtime
libqapt1
libqca2
libqca2-plugin-ossl
libqgpgme1
libqimageblitz4
libqjson0
libqt4-dbus
libqt4-declarative
libqt4-designer
libqt4-help
libqt4-network
libqt4-opengl
libqt4-qt3support
libqt4-script
libqt4-scripttools
libqt4-sql
libqt4-sql-mysql
libqt4-sql-sqlite
libqt4-svg
libqt4-test
libqt4-xml
libqt4-xmlpatterns
libqtassistantclient4
libqtcore4
libqtgui4
libqtscript4-core
libqtscript4-gui
libqtscript4-network
libqtscript4-sql
libqtscript4-uitools
libqtscript4-xml
libqtwebkit4
libraptor1
librasqal2
libraw1394-11
librdf0
libreadline5
libreadline6
libreoffice-base-core
libreoffice-calc
libreoffice-common
libreoffice-core
libreoffice-draw
libreoffice-emailmerge
libreoffice-impress
libreoffice-kde
libreoffice-math
libreoffice-style-oxygen
libreoffice-writer
librpc-xml-perl
libsamplerate0
libsane
libsane-hpaio
libsasl2-2
libsasl2-modules
libselinux1
libsensors4
libsepol1
libsgutils2-2
libshout3
libslang2
libslp1
libsm6
libsmbclient
libsndfile1
libsnmp-base
libsnmp15
libsolid4
libsolidcontrol4a
libsolidcontrolifaces4a
libsoprano4
libsoup-gnome2.4-1
libsoup2.4-1
libspectre1
libspeex1
libspeexdsp1
libsqlite3-0
libss2
libssh-4
libssl0.9.8
libstdc++6
libstlport4.6ldbl
libstreamanalyzer0
libstreams0
libsyndication4
libsysfs2
libtag-extras1
libtag1-vanilla
libtag1c2a
libtalloc2
libtaskmanager4b
libtasn1-3
libtdb1
libterm-readkey-perl
libtext-charwidth-perl
libtext-iconv-perl
libtext-wrapi18n-perl
libtextcat-data
libtextcat0
libthai-data
libthai0
libtheora0
libthreadweaver4
libtiff4
libtimedate-perl
libudev0
libupower-glib1
liburi-perl
libusb-0.1-4
libusb-1.0-0
libusbmuxd1
libutempter0
libutouch-evemu1
libutouch-frame1
libutouch-grail1
libuuid1
libv4l-0
libvirtodbc0
libvisual-0.4-0
libvisual-0.4-plugins
libvncserver0
libvorbis0a
libvorbisenc2
libvorbisfile3
libwavpack1
libwbclient0
libweather-ion6
libwpd-0.9-9
libwpg-0.2-2
libwps-0.2-2
libwrap0
libwww-perl
libx11-6
libx11-data
libx11-xcb1
libx86-1
libxapian22
libxau6
libxaw7
libxcb-atom1
libxcb-aux0
libxcb-dri2-0
libxcb-render0
libxcb-shape0
libxcb-shm0
libxcb1
libxcomposite1
libxcursor1
libxdamage1
libxdmcp6
libxext6
libxfixes3
libxfont1
libxft2
libxi6
libxinerama1
libxkbfile1
libxml-parser-perl
libxml2
libxml2-utils
libxmu6
libxmuu1
libxp6
libxpm4
libxrandr2
libxrender1
libxslt1.1
libxss1
libxt6
libxtst6
libxv1
libxvmc1
libxxf86dga1
libxxf86vm1
libzip1
linux-firmware
linux-generic
linux-headers-2.6.38-8
linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic
linux-headers-generic
linux-image-2.6.38-8-generic
linux-image-generic
linux-sound-base
locales
lockfile-progs
login
logrotate
lp-solve
lsb-base
lsb-release
lshw
lsof
ltrace
makedev
man-db
manpages
mawk
memtest86+
mime-support
min12xxw
mlocate
mobile-broadband-provider-info
modemmanager
module-init-tools
mount
mountall
mscompress
mtools
mtr-tiny
multiarch-support
myspell-en-au
myspell-en-gb
myspell-en-za
mysql-client-core-5.1
mysql-common
mysql-server-core-5.1
nano
ncurses-base
ncurses-bin
nepomukcontroller
net-tools
netbase
netcat-openbsd
network-manager
network-manager-pptp
network-manager-pptp-kde
ntfs-3g
ntfsprogs
ntpdate
ntrack-module-libnl-0
nvidia-common
obex-data-server
obexd-client
odbcinst
odbcinst1debian2
okular
okular-extra-backends
openprinting-ppds
openssh-client
openssl
os-prober
oxygen-cursor-theme
oxygen-icon-theme
oxygen-icon-theme-complete
packagekit
packagekit-backend-aptcc
parted
partitionmanager
passwd
pciutils
pcmciautils
perl
perl-base
perl-modules
phonon
phonon-backend-gstreamer
pinentry-qt4
plasma-dataengines-addons
plasma-dataengines-workspace
plasma-desktop
plasma-netbook
plasma-scriptengine-declarative
plasma-scriptengine-javascript
plasma-scriptengine-python
plasma-widget-facebook
plasma-widget-folderview
plasma-widget-kimpanel
plasma-widget-kimpanel-backend-ibus
plasma-widget-menubar
plasma-widget-message-indicator
plasma-widget-networkmanagement
plasma-widget-quickaccess
plasma-widgets-addons
plasma-widgets-workspace
plymouth
plymouth-label
plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo
plymouth-theme-kubuntu-text
plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text
pm-utils
pnm2ppa
policykit-1
policykit-desktop-privileges
polkit-kde-1
poppler-utils
popularity-contest
powermgmt-base
ppp
pppconfig
pppoeconf
pptp-linux
printer-applet
procps
psmisc
pulseaudio
pulseaudio-esound-compat
pulseaudio-module-bluetooth
pulseaudio-module-x11
pulseaudio-utils
pxljr
python
python-apport
python-apt
python-apt-common
python-cairo
python-central
python-chardet
python-crypto
python-cups
python-cupshelpers
python-dbus
python-debian
python-gdbm
python-gnupginterface
python-gobject
python-gobject-cairo
python-httplib2
python-imaging
python-kde4
python-keyring
python-launchpadlib
python-lazr.restfulclient
python-lazr.uri
python-minimal
python-oauth
python-packagekit
python-pexpect
python-pkg-resources
python-problem-report
python-pycurl
python-pyudev
python-qt4
python-qt4-dbus
python-simplejson
python-sip
python-smbc
python-software-properties
python-support
python-uno
python-wadllib
python-wsgi-intercept
python-xapian
python-xdg
python-xkit
python-zope.interface
python2.7
python2.7-minimal
qapt-batch
quassel
quassel-data
radeontool
rdesktop
readline-common
rekonq
rfkill
rsync
rsyslog
rtkit
samba-common
samba-common-bin
sane-utils
sed
sensible-utils
sgml-base
sgml-data
shared-desktop-ontologies
shared-mime-info
smbclient
software-properties-kde
soprano-daemon
splix
ssl-cert
strace
sudo
syslinux
syslinux-common
system-config-printer-common
system-config-printer-kde
system-config-printer-udev
systemsettings
sysv-rc
sysvinit-utils
tar
tcl
tcl8.4
tcpd
tcpdump
telnet
time
toshset
ttf-dejavu-core
ttf-freefont
ttf-indic-fonts-core
ttf-kacst-one
ttf-khmeros-core
ttf-lao
ttf-liberation
ttf-opensymbol
ttf-punjabi-fonts
ttf-takao-pgothic
ttf-thai-tlwg
ttf-ubuntu-font-family
ttf-unfonts-core
ttf-wqy-microhei
tzdata
ubuntu-extras-keyring
ubuntu-keyring
ubuntu-minimal
ubuntu-standard
ucf
udev
udisks
ufw
unattended-upgrades
uno-libs3
unzip
update-inetd
update-manager-core
update-manager-kde
upower
upstart
ure
ureadahead
usb-creator-common
usb-creator-kde
usb-modeswitch
usb-modeswitch-data
usbmuxd
usbutils
userconfig
util-linux
uuid-runtime
vbetool
vim-common
vim-tiny
virtuoso-minimal
virtuoso-opensource-6.1-bin
virtuoso-opensource-6.1-common
wamerican
wbritish
wget
whiptail
wireless-crda
wireless-tools
wodim
wpasupplicant
x-ttcidfont-conf
x11-apps
x11-common
x11-session-utils
x11-utils
x11-xfs-utils
x11-xkb-utils
x11-xserver-utils
xauth
xbitmaps
xcursor-themes
xdg-user-dirs
xdg-utils
xfonts-base
xfonts-encodings
xfonts-mathml
xfonts-scalable
xfonts-utils
xinit
xinput
xkb-data
xml-core
xorg
xorg-docs-core
xserver-common
xserver-xorg
xserver-xorg-core
xserver-xorg-input-all
xserver-xorg-input-evdev
xserver-xorg-input-mouse
xserver-xorg-input-synaptics
xserver-xorg-input-vmmouse
xserver-xorg-input-wacom
xserver-xorg-video-all
xserver-xorg-video-apm
xserver-xorg-video-ark
xserver-xorg-video-ati
xserver-xorg-video-chips
xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
xserver-xorg-video-geode
xserver-xorg-video-i128
xserver-xorg-video-i740
xserver-xorg-video-intel
xserver-xorg-video-mach64
xserver-xorg-video-mga
xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
xserver-xorg-video-nouveau
xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
xserver-xorg-video-qxl
xserver-xorg-video-r128
xserver-xorg-video-radeon
xserver-xorg-video-rendition
xserver-xorg-video-s3
xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
xserver-xorg-video-savage
xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
xserver-xorg-video-sis
xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
xserver-xorg-video-trident
xserver-xorg-video-tseng
xserver-xorg-video-vesa
xserver-xorg-video-vmware
xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
xterm
xz-utils
zip
zlib1g


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appmenu-gtk-module-common/bionic,bionic,now 0.6.94-1 all [installed,automatic]
  Common files for GtkMenuShell D-Bus exporter

appmenu-gtk2-module/bionic,now 0.6.94-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
  GtkMenuShell D-Bus exporter (GTK+2.0)

appmenu-gtk3-module/bionic,now 0.6.94-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
  GtkMenuShell D-Bus exporter (GTK+3.0)

appmenu-qt/bionic 0.2.7+14.04.20140305-0ubuntu2 amd64
  application menu for Qt

Uninstall the MATE applet app menu and the vala panel appmenu and restart.


It is a little confusing, but I think I understand it well enough to help you.

DISCLAIMER: I looked through the files on WIndows, so I wasn't able to install or run it.

Opening the tar.gz file, I see another .tar file. Opening that, I see an .sh file, a Chemcraft folder and a readme.txt file.

Inside the ReadMe is this:

  To run Chemcraft, write correct paths in the "Chemcraft.sh" file (path
to the library ".../Chemcraft/lib/" and to the executable file
".../Chemcraft/Chemcraft").
  Note that the Linux version of Chemcraft has some significant
disadvantages. We were unable to make it as efficient as the Windows
version.
  Please email to support@chemcraftprog.com if you find any problems
with installation or running of Chemcraft.

From that, I gather that the script needs to be edited to reflect where the ChemCraft folder is. Obviously, to do that, you need to extract the .tar file.

Once you do that, find the Chemcraft.sh and double click it to edit.

Change the path in KYLIX_BIN="/home/$USER/Chemcraft/Chemcraft/lib" to reflect the path to the lib folder. For example, if you extracted to Downloads, it might be something like /home/YOURUSERNAMEHERE/Downloads/Chemcraft/Chemcraft/lib. Of course, this might be different, and you'll have to figure that part out yourself.

Also edit the path in /home/$USER/Chemcraft/Chemcraft/Chemcraft $1 to reflect where it should be. Follow the example above.

Save the file, then open a terminal.

Run chmod +x /path/to/Chemcraft.sh to make the script executable.

Then run /path/to/Chemcraft.sh to run it.

By the way, this is the actual program, not something that gets installed. I recommend extracting the files to a somewhat permanent location, then editing the script to reflect that location.

If you want an easy way to run it, check out how to make a .desktop file.


Error instead of password prompt when admin privileges needed

The problem seem to be related to this file

  /etc/polkit-1/localauthority.conf.d/02-allow-colord.conf

It stems from a manual xRDP installation (See comment section) or x2go or other remote desktop applications.

The solution comes from the same site:

Delete 02-allow-colord.conf

sudo rm /etc/polkit-1/localauthority.conf.d/02-allow-colord.conf

Create 45-allow-colord.pkla:

sudo vi /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/45-allow-colord.pkla

with content:

[Allow Colord all Users]
Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.color-manager.create-device;org.freedesktop.color-manager.create-profile;org.freedesktop.color-manager.delete-device;org.freedesktop.color-manager.delete-profile;org.freedesktop.color-manager.modify-device;org.freedesktop.color-manager.modify-profile
ResultAny=no
ResultInactive=no
ResultActive=yes

then

sudo systemctl restart polkit.service


Referring to this, and past experiences, ClamAV will throw this if it find something packed by something that could  used by those that make malware - this can include installed exe's, dlls etc. This probably is just designed to make sure you know something potentially dangerous is there that it might not be able to detect - e.g. from here:

  Packed

  This is a detection for files that use some kind of runtime packer. A
  runtime packer can be used to reduce the size of executable files
  without the need for an external unpacker. While this can‘t be
  considered malicious in general, runtime packers are widely used with
  malicious files since they can prevent a already known malware from
  detection by an Antivirus product.

As for the version error, it says to check the FAQ as it says there that the packages provided by them are the latest version, but the version provided from the OS's repos may work the best for that OS as it has been built specially for it. I think this is fine as long as you update the signatures (stuff about that is alsp in the FAQ and documentation). See also: http://clamtk.sourceforge.net/help/faq-clamtk.html


AWS Cloud9 EC2 won't open browser when logging into Heroku

I ran the command

$ heroku login -i

it let me login :D


There are a few things you can try:

go to chrome://flags and DISABLE Smooth Scrolling
Make sure Use hardware acceleration when available is checked in
Chrome's advanced settings

You could consider updating kernel as well. This worked for me with i7 integrated graphics platform to cure many annoying glitches and is an easy way of getting updated Intel drivers.

NB: Smooth Scrolling is normally set to default which works well for me with screen lines scrolling smoothly in chrome.


Ubuntu(and also any other distro) not booting after installation on an old PC with CMOS

This is difficult to diagnose. If you are able to boot off a live usb and complete the entire install, your PC is in principle compatible. I'd suggest:

Try installing Ubuntu 20.04 LTS in order to rule out a bug with Ubuntu 20.10.
(Bonus tip: As your PC is quite old you might want to look into using a lighter Ubuntu flavor such as Lubuntu or Ubuntu Mate.)
Try to run boot-repair off a live USB. It's got an automatic repair option that is quite capable and alternatively you can generate a report that will help with further troubleshooting.

Good luck!


Ok, try this way.

make sure cups daemon is running by $ sudo netstat -lnput | grep cups -----
(Output will show what TCP port the CUP is listing, probably it is 631)

if it is not running do $ sudo service cups restart and $ cupsenable

go into your web browser and type localhost:631
In the GUI go to Administration > Add Printer ------ type username and password
next select "AppSocket/HP JetDirect " under Other Network Printer and provide the details as socket://ip.address.of.the.printer:9100
click Continue and provide basic details such as printer name and its description.
click Continue and now select exact printer model you are using with in the "Make" list
now click "add printer"

Thats all.... Now it probably will list your printer..


It is probaly called "password age limit". You can set it with the x option from passwd
passwd -x 7 $USER

will force you to issue a new password for the current user every 7 days.

From the manual

-x, --maxdays MAX_DAYS
Set the maximum number of days a password remains valid. After MAX_DAYS, the password is required to be changed.


Replace system beep with a pleasant sound?

Well certainly there's a way to alter that. Here's how you can do that:

First collect/download sound files suites your choice.

Open up:

/usr/share/sounds/ubuntu/stereo
/usr/share/sounds/

Replace the sound files with your downloaded sound files.

Remember the name and the extension should be the same.


Why doesn't my laptop screen brightness go down when unplugged after 11.04 to 11.10 upgrade?

From system settings, go to Screen, and enable the option to dim to save power:


Chrome separates each major part of the browser into separate processes. For example, the browser itself is its own process, each tab is its own process, and each extension is its own process. There's also likely a separate GPU process. (You can see these details by going to about:memory).

Part of the advantage here is the limited access each part has on the other parts. For example, if there was a malicious script in an extension or a tab, then (ideally) it could only affect its own process, and won't bring down the entire browser. If a tab gets frozen for whatever reason, only that tab (and possibly tabs you open from that tab) are brought down, but not the whole browser. (See also about:sandbox.)

You can't pre-allocate memory to Chrome; if Chrome needs more memory, and it is available, then it will take it. Note that the limiting condition may also be on the I/O side, as Chrome has to read your profile, preferences, and at least part of your history on startup and general use. Linux and Unix have a feature that let you store files in RAM, which will result in faster access (reading from memory is faster than reading from the hard drive, and can also reduce wear in the case of many writes), but with a potential loss in data (the contents of the RAM are lost when your computer loses power or shuts down).

There is a script called profile-sync-daemon which stores the browser profile and cache in RAM and syncs the profile back to the hard drive every hour. This means that if your computer were to lose power or have a hard shutdown, your profile and history will be at most one hour old. (On normal shutdown, the script syncs back the contents from memory to the hard drive.) See the link above for more installation and this page for installation in Ubuntu.

Note that Chrome(ium) store the cache separately from your profile, and the script only takes care of the profile (it's outside the scope of the script to manage the cache). You may want to move the cache from the current location into the profile directory, and add a symlink at the old location to the new location.


How to fix "sulogin: cannot read /dev/tty7: Operation not permitted" on boot - 17.10 external drive

UPDATE 20180327: I recently came across a fairly esoteric command that, for the past two weeks, has fixed my startup issues. Here's what I did...

Hold down ALT+SysRq (on my laptop, SysRq is a function key on HOME, requiring me to also hold down the FN key) then, while still holding those keys down, SLOWLY -- wait a second or two between each key -- type out (in lowercase):

r e i s u o

This will do a number of things, including shutdown the computer. And voila! I've been trouble free for the past two weeks.

So what exactly does that do?

R: Switch keyboard from raw mode to XLATE mode
E: Send the SIGTERM signal to all processes except init
I: Send the SIGKILL signal to all processes except init
S: Sync all mounted filesystems
U: Remount all mounted filesystems in read-only mode
O: Immediately shutdown the system without unmounting partitions or syncing. If you instead want to reboot the computer, type B instead.

UPDATE 20171120: It seems there is a recurring issue with /dev/sdb3, wherein inodes get orphaned. Whenever the system boots in Maintenance Mode, running the following has consistently corrected the issue:

$ umount /dev/sdb3 # as a precaution, sdb3 is usually not mounted yet
$ fsck -y /dev/sdb3

This normally returns a notice saying that "Free blocks count wrong..." then "Free inodes count wrong..." followed by a fix.

Why the system regularly fubars this up, the jury is still out. But in the meantime, this fixes the system and brings everything back in working order.

UPDATE 20171113: Welp... Turns out this answer was a temporary stopgap measure at best... The system will boot up multiple times in a row with no problem. But then, seemingly out of nowhere, it will start booting into maintenance mode. The only "fix" then, is to boot into recovery mode and run a check disk. And if that doesn't fix the default boot, then to load a live CD and run the full fsck checkup on it.

The fact that the system worked just fine in recovery mode made me confident the disk was not corrupted. Also, since video drivers are not fully loaded in recovery mode, it made me suspect it had something to do with my laptop's onboard AMD Radeon chip.

This lead me to eventually discovering the following command:

$ ubuntu-drivers devices

This command lists available packages that correspond to the system's hardware. In my case, this listed "amd64-microcode". After installing that package, I have not ran into any more boot issues (knock on wood). I repeated the same process when the drive is connected to my main desktop so the drive should be fully ready to go in both environments.


Can't install grub after installing Ubuntu 18.04

Seems like you're also issuing the grub-install and update-grub commands with no administrative rights... Are you sure you know what you're doing?
Because, I mean, I can't say for installing grub on a thumb drive because I've never tried that but at least on an HDD it's super easy. You just do grub-install /dev/sda, but in your case you should mount the boot partition of your Linux distro and point that to grub installer, which is what I think Is what you were trying to do.


Steps to install 32 bit wine on 64 bit 12.04 LTS

I Was having the same problem. I just upgraded to Ubuntu 14.04 64-bit and was trying to get Office 2007 to work. It won't run in a 64-bit wine configuration. After al ot of searching, this is what I came across:

The folder in which all your wine software are installed is known as your WINEPREFIX. By default this folder resides in your home (~) directory by the name '.wine'. There can be more than one WINEPREFIX.
There also exists an environment variable known as WINEARCH which represents the mode of your current wine settings, i.e. 64-bit or 32-bit.
THIS IS IMPORTANT. At the time of the creation of a WINEPREFIX the value of WINEARCH decides the mode in which wine will function when running applications from that WINEPREFIX.

By default the WINEARCH variable is set to the value 'win64' (stands for 64-bit) on a 64-bit Ubuntu installation therefore the automatically created WINEPREFIX has a 64-bit operation mode. In order to change this mode we need to 1) delete the current WINEPREFIX. 2) set WINEARCH to 'win32' 3)Create a new WINEPREFIX. The Steps:

NOTE: These steps are to be done after installing wine. You can easily do that using the Ubuntu Software Center. search for Wine 1.6 and click install.

Open up the terminal by pressing Ctrl + Alt + T. And type the following commands:

cd ~
rm -rf .wine
rm -f .config/menus/applications-merged/wine*
rm -rf .local/share/applications/wine
rm -f .local/share/desktop-directories/wine*
rm -f .local/share/icons/????_*.xpm

Now to set your environment variable and also to create your new 32-bit WINEPREFIX go ahead and type:

WINEARCH=win32 WINEPREFIX=~/.wine winecfg

That's about it I guess! This worked for me! now all you need to do is to install your 32-bit applications.


Error While Extracting files - "Error setting owner"

I am getting the same error with the archive manager on 13.10.

You can extract it via the command line:

tar xzf eclipse.tar.gz


How do I restore the original GRUB2 after an update on the other Ubuntu install overwrites it?

sudo grub-install /dev/sdX (where "sdX" is something like "sda", not a partition like "sda1".

You can also disable the running of grub-install by Ubuntu #2's grub-pc package by removing all install devices. With versions of Ubuntu before 12.04 this can be done by running sudo dpkg-reconfigure grub-pc and selecting the defaults for the linux cmdline questions then using space bar to deselect any selected devices, and hit return to continue. For doing the same in Ubuntu 12.04 see How should one set the grub-pc package's "install_devices" debconf setting? (which is unanswered as of this writing).


Canon released on 8th Feb 2018 a 3.5 version of the driver; that I understand has been tested on Ubuntu 17.10 and works! and I wonder if you see this answer if you download and install it.

you can get it from here http://support-asia.canon-asia.com/contents/ASIA/EN/0100924010.html and it comes down as linux-UFRII-drv-v350-uken.tar.gz so the commands to install should be

cd Downloads
tar -zxvf linux-UFRII-drv-v350-uken.tar.gz
cd linux-UFRII-drv-v350-uken
sudo ./install.sh

you might like to go into synaptic and delete the existing packages for 3.4 which seem to be cndrvcups-common_3.80-1_amd64.deb and cndrvcups-ufr2-uk_3.40-1_amd64.deb


How do programs like vi, man or less handle output?

They use the ncurses (or a similar) library:

The ncurses library routines give the user a terminal-independent method of updating character screens with reasonable optimization. This implementation is "new curses" (ncurses) and is the approved replacement for 4.4BSD classic curses, which has been discontinued

Check

ncurses official Website
 Getting Started with ncurses

Best ncurses linux console programs
How Do ncurses et. al. Work? (Stackoverflow)
How do some tools (e.g. nano , less) manage to leave no content in terminals after exit? (Unix&Linux SE)


Dislocker error"Sun May 13 15:01:29 2018 [CRITICAL] Failed to open /etc/localtime: No such file or directory"

You've got two errors here:

dislocker: invalid option -- 'b'

I'm guessing that your password begins with b and you've typed in the password directly after the dash, so -mypassword is more like -boyMyPasswordIsReallySecureCorrectHorseBatteryStaple. The option for entering a password is -u followed by the password, or -p followed by the recovery password. I'm assuming that you're not using the recovery password, so your command line should look like

sudo dislocker -V /dev/sda5  -uboyMyPasswordIsReallySecureCorrectHorseBatteryStaple -- /media/bitlocker

The second error is Failed to open /etc/localtime: No such file or directory... obviously, your /etc/localtime is missing. This should be a symbolic link to the actual file in /usr/share/zoneinfo. Read through  man timedatectl and man 5 localtime; see the 'Setting Time Zone' part of https://linoxide.com/linux-command/timedatectl-change-time-date-systemd/ for an example.


Give permission to hdf to remove directory

Use sudo command sudo hdf namenode -format


Even if you do decide to follow these instructions, I suggest you read the LiveUsbPendrivePersistent wiki page. Reading Wiki pages is a great way to learn and you'll know more about what you're doing - rather than just following steps blindly.

Normally, I'd suggest that you use the Startup Disk Creator in Ubuntu to do this - it has a really simple option:

that allows you to add MB of space to keep stored in reserved extra space. However, there is a bug with installing the bootloader:

at least for me.

So, I'd suggest you use Unetbootin. It's not quite as polished, but it does the exact same job and has the exact same store in reserve functionality. It's what I use when creating LiveUSBs and has yet to fail me.

It's in the default repositories, so you can install it via sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install unetbootin.

Once it's installed, open up the dash (Super key - aka Windows key) and open up unetbootin - you'll have to search for it. It'll require the sudo password, just a heads up. You'd need sudo access just to install the app, so that's no problem.

Once unetbootin starts, you'll want to change the radio button from selecting Distribution (default choice) to selecting Diskimage and then click the ... button. You can then select the ISO and it will show up in the text box.

Once you've selected the ISO you want, make sure the type is set to USB drive and that it's targeting the correct USB drive. If you've got USB backup media or other USB sticks attached to your computer, you may want to consider disconnecting them for a bit - just to be safe and sure you don't accidentally overwrite some important data.

Now, to add the persistence of data, simply change the Space used to preserve files across reboots (Ubuntu only) value. This should create a file-system on the USB stick, along with the ISO contents, that will store your information across reboots!

Note, that if you use Unetbootin to create the LiveUSB, you'll have to specify the space in MB (MegaBytes) not GB (Gigabytes). A simple way to convert this is just punch into a calculator numberOfGigabytes * 1024. That will provide you with the correct amount of space in MB terms (as there are 1024 MB in a GB.)


Ubuntu update and LibreOffice is taking a long time

Did you verify that the e-mail application is checked in Libreoffice ?
For example, in Tools->Options->internet->e-mail I have the email program /usr/bin/thunderbird %u as the default option.
Also you must check that in the System preferences->Applications that you have the email program as default. Because I do not know what Desktop Environment you are using I could say anymore.
Regards


Have you tried restarting it before anything else? Also you can try entering into terminal via ctrl-Alt-F1 and try removing that specific font-manager and reboot the os


I had this problem with an nvidia card and Ubuntu 19.04 on a desktop. Workarounds that I found were:

When at the screen with the blinking cursor, press Ctrl+Alt+F2 and then Ctrl+Alt+F1 (or some variation of this until the login screen appears).
Use the lightdm package to handle logins instead of gdm (however, I found a minor issue with the mouse cursor size with a 4K display when I used this solution).
Edit /lib/systemd/system/gdm.service and comment out the ExecStartPre line with a '#' and then add ExecStartPre=sleep 5


Can't apt-get update after firewalling with Iptables

You have not allowed a return path for any outgoing traffic initiated by you. You need something like (change eth0 to your interface name):

sudo iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

By the way this rule:

# Prevent HTTP DOS Attacks
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m limit --limit 25/minute --limit-burst 100 -j ACCEPT

Will never be hit, because you bypassed it with an earlier rule:

sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

It should have been further restricted by specifying "NEW" state anyhow.


Work around found in an ubuntu bug report, requires appending a new line to /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/70debconf:

APT::Cache-start 200000000;

This works around the issue. I don't understand why I need to tell APT to allocate more than the default amount of memory to stop it segfaulting, but I do! There's a bug here somewhere.

Many thanks to @LittleByBlue and @Sagar for pointing me in the right direction by focusing attention on libapt-pkg.so.4.12.0.


How to make a bootable backup of my 14.04 computer

I don't know about ubuntu, but I know a few other distros support the use of disk dumps to backup your data/system. See more here: http://wiki.linuxquestions.org/wiki/Dd

I believe for your purposes you would be cloning the disk entirely to your backup hard disk

Let me know if it works :)

EDIT: I just found the relevant Ubuntu documentation, here's a link.


You will need to go into the BIOS and change the setting so that your computer will be able to boot from the disc that you created.

Once you have installed Ubuntu, you can then return to the BIOS settings and have your computer boot from the hard drive as normal.


Finally, all of them fine, And got solution for this problem,

I've Completely Remove this file PhpTest.php.mno and I'll check its continue same error only occur, Then after I'll SHUTDOWN my system  and start after nearby 5 hours it working fine.

  /var/www/html/Test/_notes/PhpTest.php.mno


How do I stop orca from starting up on login?

Run this in a terminal:

gksudo gedit /etc/xdg/autostart/orca-autostart.desktop

change NoDisplay=true to

NoDisplay=false

Save, then open up Startup Applications and disable the entry for Orca.


Upgrade sudo to 1.9.5p2 version due to CVE-2021–3156 vulnerability

This vulnerability was mitigated by the Ubuntu Security Team on 19 January 2021.
See https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2021-3156.
sudo 1.8.31 was patched, which is the normal way of handling most CVEs. The Ubuntu 20.04 package was bumped from 1.8.31-1ubuntu1.1 to 1.8.31-1ubuntu1.2 due to the patches. The 20.04 package won't be upgraded to 1.9.x.
Most users already have the patched version installed: Security updates are automatically detected and installed by your Ubuntu system's Unattended Upgrades application without any user action needed.
How to determine if you are using the patched package: Since this was a patch instead of a new upstream release, sudo --version will merely (and correctly) return 1.18.31 which won't help you. Instead, use apt. Here's an example using apt list. Note the NEW package version (1.8.31-1ubuntu1.2) is installed.
$ apt list sudo
Listing... Done
sudo/focal-updates,focal-security,now 1.8.31-1ubuntu1.2 amd64 [installed]


I found my answer here. This is the UID that's tied to the user account.

According to this article, the user information can be found in this file

/var/db/dslocal/nodes/Default/users/{user-name}.plist

I verified and the UID was at the bottom of the file, in my case. There's also some business about a generateduid, but that's not what you want, so ignore that.

And to check ownership of the home folder, I used stat /media/OSX/Users/someone.


Switch Workspace using mousewheel Ubuntu Mate 18.04

You need to have Workspace Switcher applet added to the MATE Panel:

Then hover it with mouse cursor and rotate mouse wheel to switch workspaces.

Other possibility is to switch window manager to Compiz.
You need to install CompizConfig Settings Manager with

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

then open MATE Tweak and select Compiz on Windows tab:

Then click on Open CCSM and change shortcuts for Desktop Wall plugin, go to Bindings → Move within wall and set

Move Next to <Super>+Button5 (wheel up), confirm disabling Zoom In button
Move Prev to <Super>+Button4 (wheel down), confirm disabling Zoom Out button

and enjoy.


This sounds alot like a problem I had recently, as detailed at https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/241577/grub-menu-not-visible .

The short version is:

sudoedit /etc/default/grub, find the line that says #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 and uncomment it (delete the #), and save your changes.
sudo update-grub (This step is important. I missed it the first couple times and accomplished absolutely nothing.)
Reboot.

If that works, you will see the grub menu on your next startup. Assuming it does work, follow the linked instructions to determine the screen resolutions your system supports and step up through them until things stop working, then back up one step.

Hope that helps.


Mass DNS Requests from an unknown program. How to identify?

on your DNS server, as root you can use tcpdump to see the actual traffic, and identify the source IPs from which you receive the requests. Something like:
tcpdump -vvnn tcp port 53 or udp port 53

should show a great deal of output, so you can save this output to a file, and attach part of it here, if you cannot recognize the source IPs..


The kernel package isn't called "kernel", it's called "linux-image-<version>-<type>".


Can't get the gnome run dialog running with unity on 11.10

I believe the gnome run-dialog is now provided by the " gnome-panel-control" package, the evoke command would be

gnome-panel-control --run-dialog

Thing is it can't run unless gnome-panel is running which it typically  isn't in a unity* session.

To see open a terminal while in a unity session, start gnome-panel, then try your binding or open another terminal, run the above command. (assumes the package & gnome-panel are installed


Uninstall empathy without affecting dependencies

If, as appears to be the case, gnome and gnome-core depend on empathy (or some other package that depends on it), even if you manage to uninstall empathy without removing packages that depend on it, whatever depends on it won't work and you'll (in this case) wind up with a system that, at best, will boot to a command line.  It may not even complete booting to a text login prompt, depending on what else depends on empathy, through whatever length chain.


put \.php$ in double quotes

<FilesMatch "\.php$">
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
</FilesMatch>

restart apache2:

sudo service apache2 restart

if that's wouldn't fix the problem change FilesMatch to LocationMatch and then restart apache2

<LocationMatch "\.php$">
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
</LocationMatch>


mount doesn't show swap devices, swapon -s does.
How did you "install" it? On Ubuntu zram-config does everything.
How do you expect to test it?
It works if your system doesn't immediately die.
vm.swappiness sets the "chances" of swap devices being used. swapon -s again tells you what is being used.

$ swapon -s
Filename                Type        Size    Used    Priority
/dev/sda6                               partition   1952764 0   -1
/dev/zram0                              partition   705000  21660   5
/dev/zram1                              partition   705000  21624   5


I have been playing and testing with MAAS. The above answer is correct if the MAAS goes down you do not actually loose any services. When the service comes back up then it's up and there is no disruption of services. The thing is, i haven't found a good way to run MAAS in an HA setup or proper documentation on which parts of the MAAS need to be backed up so that you can recover the server. Frankly MAAS documentation is lacking quite a bit.


16.04 upgrade failed, now I can't log in

Try to boot from a Live USB stick and save your files in the cloud.

And, regarding your password, check on this question on AskUbuntu:

How do I reset a lost administrative password?


Apache server doesn't start automatically

Try to run

update-rc.d apache2 enable [list of run levels]

as root.

You may interested to read

man update-rc.d


You can also use MikSoft Mobile Media Converter for the transcoding task, which features pre-loaded Presets for the Sony Ericsson Xperia and/or Vivaz devices, which should be compatible with your Sony Walkman. Additionally you can use several codecs from within the GUI in order to perform an easy transcodification.

Screenshot provided for you to see the Profiles Configuration windows.

Good luck!


Different Sources are reporting different CPU usage levels when system is idle, how can I determine which is accurate?

The snapshots that these tools give you are useful when you are monitoring them, but really you need something that tracks over a little more time.  They are only taking time slices and will report spikes in applications (such as THEMSELVES) which are red herrings.

I notice you have a web server running, is the machine serving many users?  Is it possible to start the machine without running any graphical programs and then just monitor 'top' via a tty (i.e. cntrl-alt-F10)?  That might take the UI pieces out of the equation at least.

Alternatively you could try shutting down apache and seeing if the machine load is a little more stable.

I'd stick to 1 process monitoring tool (certainly at a time) so that you don't see them all reporting on each other.


I think you can tray the following:

create the .desktop (projects.desktop)
You can write this code

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Projects
Comment=Access and organize files
Exec=nautilus /home/user/projects
Icon=system-file-manager
Terminal=false
NoDisplay=true
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
OnlyShowIn=GNOME;Unity;
Categories=GNOME;GTK;Utility;Core;
Name[en_US]=projects
drag and drop the file to the unity launcher.
The code is like the nautilus-home.desktop file in /usr/share/applications/ folder.
You can change it acording to your needs.

Hope it will be useful to you!

Regards.

Roman


How do I check a package is safe/stable?

You bite the bullet and accept that you can't know for sure.  Unless you enable the backports repository, the only updates pushed in stable Ubuntu releases are patches to fix critical bugs and security vulnerabilities, after they have been reviewed and tested in the -testing repository.  Only minimal patches are allowed so they can be reviewed and the chances of breakage that the review process misses are small.

For more details, see https://wiki.ubuntu.com/StableReleaseUpdates


Is there Social Desktop provider other than openDesktop?

According to the blog entry KDE Social desktop there is only one provider at the moment (as of October 2012). This might change in future releases.

If you want to use Facebook, you should add the Facebook plasmoid.


Issues when copying data to my NTFS external Terabyte Harddrive - Natty 32bit

Thats a odd issue it really sounds like that part of your tb drive is bad/corrupt.

As fossfreadom had said you may try running chkdsk from windows on that drive .
It may be one video it gets hung on try to move 1 movie at a time .
Check to see if you have the most current bios for your computer.

I hope that 1 of the 3 will help you


Display files which contains a word on more then three lines?

Try

  grep -c Andrew * | awk -F: '{if ($2 >=3) print $1}'

It works because grep -c prints "file:count" for each file, and -F: tells awk that the colon separates fields.


Not able to connect to internet on Ubuntu

I just followed these instructions and got rid of pppoeconf settings, and made Ubuntu use DHCP instead of trying to connect.

sudo rm /etc/ppp/peers/dsl-provider

Then edit /etc/network/interfaces to remove the section that defines dsl-provider, and change

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet manual

to

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

Now it works :)


How do I fix network UNCLAIMED wifi failure?

You have the incorrect driver installed for the BCM43142 wireless device.
Since you don't have a current available Internet connection, you'll have to get the required broadcom-sta-dkms, and its dependencies, on another computer, and place the files on a USB flash drive, and bring them over to this computer to install.
You'll also need to download dkms and wireless-tools from the same source.
https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=broadcom-sta-dkms&searchon=names&suite=all&section=all
https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=dkms&searchon=names&suite=all&section=all
https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=wireless-tools&searchon=names&suite=all&section=all
You need to uninstall bcmwl-kernel-souce.
sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source

And install broadcom-sta-dkms.
sudo dpkg -i /path/to/dkms*.deb

sudo dpkg -i /path/to/wireless-tools*.deb

sudo dpkg -i /path/to/broadcom-sta-dkms*.deb

reboot

Note: If all of this presents a problem, the best way to solve it is to purchase a $10-$12 "USB to ethernet adapter", and install that way. See https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00YUU3KC6/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_asin_title_o02_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1.


(1Gb RAM) very slow and freezes often on 11.10

If you only have 1GB of RAM and you want to maintain decent performance, you might want to disable the new flashy interface, because that can be a load on resources. Here are a couple simple ways of doing this:

When you login from the main login screen, select the gear (top right corner of the selected account box), and change from "Ubuntu" to "Ubuntu 2D"
If that doesn't slow things down enough, you can easily remove Unity completely and use the original GNOME desktop.


The .bashrc file contains commands to be run when bash starts for this user (normally when he logs in). So you need to su - postgresql that this file is executed.

If that file does not exist you can simpy create it and fill it with whatever you want to be executed when the user starts a new bash.

But take care the postgresql user is not meant to be a normal system user that executes a bash. It's a user just for the daemon postgresql.


How can i disable the compositor (gnome-shell/mutter) on fullscreen windows?

I've done this part by disabling vsync because by default mutter enables it to do this.

Create a file in /etc/profile.d/ (name it as script.sh):

export CLUTTER_VBLANK=none

This will disable mutter’s vsync.
Log out then log back in again.

If this doesn't help you then all you can do is use Compiz. But to use Compiz you have to use another desktop environment in Ubuntu but not Unity as it is no longer supported.


How do I upgrade Android on my phone with Ubuntu?

I would advise you to download the firmware of Samsung Galaxy Europa Gingerbread from Sammobile , then install Heimdall to install the firmware onto your device. But make sure your phone is unlocked before doing so.


While launching Apache NetBeans terminal shows: Failed to load module "canberra-gtk-module"

For error related to canberra-gtk-module:

It's a a GtkModule which will automatically hook into all kinds of events inside a GTK+ program and generate sound events from them, i.e. it is responsible for generating sounds whenever a event, for example, error, happens. It can be easily installed using:

sudo apt install libcanberra-gtk-module

Regarding illegal messages:

Not everything which mentions illegal is against TOS and EULA. Relax you are not doing any sort of illegal activity. Illegal in programming means that either you are not authorized to perform a specific activity or you've tried to perform an action in a way that it not intended, for example, IllegalArgumentException.

These warnings seems to be related to swings caused by some jar files. You can ignore these warnings.


How to remove Applications Menu GNOME Extension?

Had this problem, and stumbled upon this question while trying to find out how to remove it. Finally I did.

RUN:

cd /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions
sudo rm -rf apps-menu@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com

Reboot after.


Ubuntu freezes when running steam game counter strike and hitting the Windows key

I faced same problem sometime ago with all full-screen app using wine. There multiple ways the may lead to same result:

Changing keyboard may help. I'm using two laptops in one of the I always hit the Alt key.
Disable hot keys temporary as mentioned here:

Can I disable Dash and HUD hotkeys when fullscreen (in DOSBox)?

or From within Steam, how can I automatically disable the HUD hotkey upon a game's launch, and re-enable it upon that game closing?
Used different Window Manager while using those app & games. openbox is very light one which does not have any fancy to distract you.

Install it

sudo apt-get install openbox

Launch it

sudo su
startx openbox

Switching between Unity & Openbox, by default:

CtrlAltF7 Unity

CtrlAltF8 Openbox

but it could be different depending on you setup, you may try from F1 and up.


How can I install Ubuntu on a headless machine?

The best way to install on a server is to use a network console, you can find good instructions here:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/NetworkConsole

Your other option is to use kickstart and do a fully automated install, instructions for that can be found here:

https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/installation-guide/i386/automatic-install.html

Here is a useful thread discussing the topic: http://art.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1193348


Icon disappears from launcher after reboot

Instead of using the keep in launcher option (which does not always work for some reason), drag the icon from the Dash to the launcher, and it should remain there in the future.


Black Screen Problem - Installing 18.04 from USB

I had the same problem on a similar laptop (MSI GE73 8RF).

Quick Solution:
In this particular case, system should be able to boot with kernel parameter acpi=off.

Proper Solution:
If the quick solution works, update the BIOS:
Bios update for MSI GE63 8RF The zip file contains a guide (pdf) on how to update the BIOS.

For me, after BIOS update, mouse and keyboard did not work on live booted Ubuntu
Solution is to use kernel parameter iommu=soft.

Once Ubuntu is installed, the kernel parameter is not required.


How to install last version of Opera without losing opera-unite?

It seems that the simple way is just to use the last version of Opera (that does not have opera unite) and in parallel to use a "portable" Opera 11. That is, download the tar.gz file of Opera 11 (here), extract into any directory, and execute opera.shell file. Of course, a shortcut (launcher,etc) could be added on the desktop or to menus. In Lubuntu, editing the opera.desktop.file, the menu  would look like this:

Of course, the solution (like the question) is limited to the period in which the server for opera-unite will still work. Hopefully, an extension would take the same functions into the future.


Can't Open cbr file on Ubuntu Gnome 16.04

Cbr file format is indeed used for comix (comic ebooks). Try using Calibre for that. To install Calibre use Gnome Software or just open a Terminal window and type:

  sudo apt-get install calibre

Just remember you have to add that comix to Calibre library first, and then attempt to open it with Calibre Viewer.


Maybe you could try installing openjdk-7-jre .


Problem with install "links" in virtual box

grep -E "^deb.*universe" /etc/apt/sources.list (from DK Bose)

sudo snap install links


Attempt to mount a filesystem with type ext4 at '/' failed

Following is step by step for installing 12.04 on a 64GB flash drive on an Intel machine. 12.10 is almost the same.
This is just like doing a normal install to internal drive except for the option of making the first partition FAT32 (or leaving it NTFS) so Windows can see it.

Turn off and unplug the computer. (See note at bottom)
Remove the side from the case.
Unplug the power cable from the hard drive.
Plug the computer back in.
Insert the flash drive.
Insert the Live CD or Live USB.
Start the computer, the CD/USB should boot.
Select language
Select install Ubuntu.
Select Download updates while installing and Select Install this third-party software.
Continue.

At "Installation type" select "Something else".
Continue
Confirm Device is correct.

Select "New Partition Table".
Click Continue on the drop down.

(Optional partition for use on Windows machine)
Click "Free space" and "Add".
Make "Size:" about 66000 MB.
Select "Primary".
Location for the new partition = "Beginning of this space".
"Use as:" = "FAT32 file system".
And Mount point = "/windows".
Select "OK"

Click "free space" and then "Add".
Select "Size:" = 4000 to 6000 megabytes, "Primary", Beginning of this space, Ext4, and Mount point = "/" then OK.

(Optional home partition)
Click "free space" and then "Add".
Select "Size ..." = 1000 to 4000 MB, "Primary", Beginning, Ext2, and Mount point = "/home" then OK.

(Optional swap space, allows hybernation)
Click "free space" and then "Add".
Select "Primary", "New partition size ..." = remaining space, (1000 to 2000 megabytes, or same size as RAM), Beginning and "Use as" = "swap area" then OK.

(Important)
Confirm "Device for boot loader installation" points to the USB drive. Default should be ok if HDD was unplugged.

Click "Install Now".
Select your location.
Continue.
Select Keyboard layout.
Continue.
Insert your name, username, password, computer name and select if you want to log in automatically or require a password.
Selecting "Encrypt my home folder" is a good option if you are worried about loosing your USB drive.
Select Continue.

Wait until install is complete.
Turn off computer and plug in the HDD.
Stick the side panel back on.

Note:
You may omit disabling the hard drive if, when partitioning you choose to install grub to the root of the usb drive you are installing Ubuntu to, (ie sdb not sdb1). Be cautious, many people have overwritten the HDD MBR.
You can update grub later, if you wish.


Two Operating System On Two Different Hard Drives

You'll not get option in OS to select which OS boot first.
 only from boot menu from bios setup or from fast boot menu. You can select default HDD or select which HDD will start its OS.


Open a terminal and execute :

grep -i memory /var/log/Xorg.0.log

The output is something like :

[     4.946] (--) NVIDIA(0): Memory: 2097152 kBytes

[     5.278] (II) NVIDIA: Using 3072.00 MB of virtual memory for indirect memory

[     5.298] (==) NVIDIA(0): Disabling shared memory pixmaps

This example is from a NVIDIA GEFORCE GTX 860M graphics card with 2 GB dedicated memory.


Probably yes,

Linux packs a almost all drivers into it's kernel but Ubuntu uses mostly older kernels, so new peripherals can also be tricky but this should be a matter of time before any missing drivers get implemented into the kernel.

Nvidea drivers can also be painful to install, they keep their driver information closed, so open source initiatives as nouveau try to back engineer these closed drivers.

Before you install there's always an option to use a live USB running Ubuntu, to see how it goes. This ruins nothing, nor it will leave any traces on your PC !!
If you are booting first in windows try "Rufus" or "USBwriter.exe" for windows to write the Ubuntu ISO to.

As a last tip: try to make an image of the Windows which is pre installed on this PC ( example using Clonezilla) . You might need it later. Ubuntu en linux however should install perfectly alongside the existing windows OS. The other way is a bit difficult, but is is possible.

In general there shouldn't be a problem.


New Laptop not working after upgrading from Ubuntu 14.04 to 16.04

The caps lock light blinking means that there was a hard crash. Boot until you get the flashing caps lock key again, then hit the ESC key, and you may see a textual screen. Take a picture of it with your phone, and add the image to your question so we can take a look.

Next lets check the file system to make sure there aren't any errors.

boot to the GRUB menu
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery Mode
choose root access
type sudo fsck -f /
run fsck more than once if there were errors
type ls -alt /var/crash and write down the filenames that you see with today's date, edit that result into your question. These are some clues as to why it crashed.
type reboot
see if you can boot to 16.04, if not, try a previous kernel
report back


Turn on your device, then hold down the "shift" key. You will be greeted by the "grub" menu. Then select the second option on the screen:

Now, you will see a menu with these options:

Select the "root" option.

Then you will be greeted by a root prompt that looks like this:

root@ubuntu:~#

Now type:

mount -rw -o remount /

Then type:
root@ubuntu:~# passwd username

Then it will prompt you top type in a new password for your account:

Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:

You should see a message like this after you change your password:

passwd: password updated successfully

Reboot, and you should be able to login with your new password!

Enjoy!


How much power does a dedicated graphics card consume when only the integrated card is used?

Usually a discrete card will draw around 5W of power, which can be anything from 10-25% of the total power consumption of your laptop. The exact amount will depend on the model, you can check it typung sudo powertop on a terminal.


How to quickly setup a good "style" in the terminal

You could go to preferences>>colors to change the style, though I am not sure this is the answer you want.


I'm using transmission-remote-cli. It is a Curses interface communicating with the Transmission instance (locally or on the net) using the RPC protocol. Check the Debian package.

On server:

sudo apt-get install transmission-cli transmission-daemon transmission-common
mkdir /home/user/torrents
sudo chown -R debian-transmission:debian-transmission torrents

sudo service transmission-daemon stop

sudo vim /etc/transmission-daemon/settings.json

"download-dir": "/home/user/torrents",
"rpc-authentication-required": true,
"rpc-enabled": true,
"rpc-whitelist-enabled": false,

sudo service transmission-daemon start

On client

yaourt -S transmission-remote-cli
transmission-remote-cli -f ~/.trclirc --create-config
vim ~/.trclirc

password = transmission
username = transmission
port = 9091
host = 75.127.14.127

Start transmission curses interface with

transmission-remote-cli -f ~/.trclirc


How to get rid of this nonsense pop-up appearing in Ubuntu while using Chromium browser?

Well, this is the desired behaviour. I guess there are plenty of ways of dealing with it more professionally. Simplest solution is to use kill -15 rather than kill -9. The former just politely asks google chrome to stop, so it has time to save the data.

If you are running an internet kiosk, you should clean up the profile after each user, however. Create a profile, and then copy it to a temporary location before you start chrome, start chrome with an option google-chrome --user-data-dir=/the/tmp/profile, and clean it up before chrome is started again. For example

#!/bin/bash

# google chrome starter

PROFILE.DIR=/usr/local/share/default.profile/
TMP.PROFILE=/tmp/google-profile

rm -rf $TMP.PROFILE
cp -a $PROFILE.DIR $TMP.PROFILE
google-chrome --kiosk --user-data-dir=$TMP.PROFILE

Thus, every user will start chrome, every user sees the same immutable profile.


Is there any Interesting game for Ubuntu

if you are willing to pay, humble bundle tend to have nice games. the current one (humble bundle V) has a really nice collection


Is Ubuntu Server only available with the command line?

Ubuntu Server is designed to be a scale out server operating system for professionals.

It's a stripped down OS with no frills attached. The target audience for Ubuntu Server is someone who is comfortable with the command line. Some would even make the argument that it's not designed for the command line, it's so stripped down that it's designed to be driven by configuration management tools like Chef, Puppet, and Ansible, and by orchestration tools like Juju as a baseline image for higher level infrastructure (things like Cloud Foundry if you want a PaaS, or OpenStack if you want IaaS, or any combination of all these things).

If you're looking to do dense deployments with Docker containers, or high density OpenStack deployments, then that's what Ubuntu Server is for.

That being said, in the right conditions it can be a nice "easy to use" server for personal servers. Ubuntu doesn't really go after the small-scale personal server market. However, there'a a company that takes Ubuntu Server and puts a slick web UI on top for people who do want easy to use home and small business servers:

http://www.zentyal.com/

See also:

How do you run Ubuntu Server with a GUI?


Will installer automatically use new empty disk or try to partition my Win 10 disk?

will the 14.04 installer automatically use the empty second SSD that I have installed

No.

  or will I have to do some kind of advanced install and setup partitions myself?

No.

  If I have to do an advanced install do you have any pointers/tips to make my journey 'smooth'?

You can pick "unallocated space" and have the system do the rest. But you can also pick "something else" and do it yourself.

For starters pick the 1st option. In the future when you get better with this you might want to decided on a partition setup you like.

-all- partition methods are fine as long as / is something like 20Gb or more. You can use 1 big part, use 1 for root and 1 for /home, or no /home, use a part for a /data/ disk. It will all work and it is more of a preference.

My preference: I like my personal data on a separate partition (/discworld/). My /home/$USER/ directories are on that partition so I just copy "users-dirs.dirs" over and all is set as I need it to be. A format of my system I can do at any time where I do not need to worry about contents of / and /home/. Just got to make sure I never format my /discworld/ partition.

Depending on your preferences: I would not use a swap on an SSD. It is is a notebook consider not using hibernation/suspend and always turn of the machine. SSD will take 7 seconds(-ish) to boot.


Why isn't shell expanding the braces in the shell script?

The following shellscript works for me

#!/bin/bash

for file in *.{png,jpg}; do echo $file; done

This brace expansion works in bash, but not in sh
#!bin/sh lacks a slash, should be #!/bin/sh to work correctly


In Window Management -> Place Windows -> Placement mode : centered (under the General tab)


Why is this one program, Anki, not accepting Japanese input?

Although it seems this answer does not work for all people in all cases, this seems to have solved it for me.

I simply edited the ibus entry in startup applications to say:

ibus-daemon --xim


12.10 install overwrote my windows partition

There is a utility named ntfsundelete which recovers data on NTFS drives.
Install it using terminal

  sudo apt-get install ntfsprogs

Check out which are your NTFS drives.

  sudo fdisk -l

It will provide you detail with partitions and file systems. Note down your NTFS partitions like /dev/sda3 and /dev/sda4.

  sudo ntfsundelete /dev/sdaX

where X depends your NTFS partition.  it will show your list of recoverable files. You can recover.The names of files that can recovered show up in the far right column. The percentage in the third column tells us how much of that file can be recovered.

For example To quickly recover the PNGs, we will use the * wildcard to recover all of the files that end with .png.
Open up the terminal window, enter:

  sudo ntfsundelete /dev/sda1 –u –m *.png

For more detail you can visit here.


conjure-up: How can I set juju bootstrap-series to bionic

I know if you delete the image from the the MAAS controller it will install 18.04. I haven't have any luck trying to get 18.04 + working on nodes, it always picked 16.04 when it sorta works.


First use Seahorse to export an ASC file.

Get the ID number for the key in the Seahorse program by click on the Key and choosing properties

Go to the ASC file's directory inside a terminal an do

gpg --import **keyname**.asc

Provide the passphrase

Now sign the Ubuntu code of conduct by providing the Key ID

gpg --clearsign --default-key **KEY_ID** UbuntuCodeofConduct-2.0.txt

Go to the signing page where the Launchpad platform will ask to paste the contents of the resulting signed key.

It will be the name as the original file but end with ASC extention.


Using sudo aptitude/apt-get update does not work

The solution for me is a weird one.

I first cleared out the apt list, to make sure.

Then proceeded to check if there was a program locking it (Even though there was nothing in memory that suggest it so): lsof|grep dpkg/lock

Then lastly I checked to see if there was the lock file in the apt list. Nothing.

I remembered yesterday we had changed ISP (We have 2 ISP connections). So just for "going back to origins" sake and changed the ISP back.

Everything works as it should. aptitude, update manager, synaptic, software center and apt-get. But then a new question: Why did changing the ISP create this problem.


File and folder comparison tool that compares only filenames?

I would use a simple method, install the tree command:

sudo apt-get install tree

Run the following commands in a terminal:

tree folderA > folderA.txt
tree folderB > folderB.txt

Then use a GUI diff tool such as meld to compare both listings.


Where can I find word games and puzzles?

Launch the Ubuntu Software Centre, by clicking on its icon in the launcher on the left of the screen.

Once the Software Centre has launched, click on the "Games" category.

Click on the "Puzzles" category

You'll see a list of games for free and for purchase which can be installed immediately.

You can also find games for Ubuntu on Steam, in Humble Indie Bundles, and on other websites.
In general, most software for Ubuntu can be found in the Ubuntu Software Centre, but you can also find software for Ubuntu online on websites as well. Installing software from the Centre is quite easy, whereas installing software from a .deb or a .tar.gz file is less easy.


Attempted reinstall of Linux, dual boot win10/ubuntu 16.04LS setup - cannot boot either HELP

If your documents and files were on the 931GiB external disk and stored using NTFS, they might be intact. You should be able to look for them using the Ubuntu installer in its "try before installing" mode.

If your documents and files were on the internal 238GiB SSD, then anything from Windows is gone. You might have documents used only by Ubuntu on that disk, but I suspect not.

If files seem to be gone, you might be able to recover them with PhotoRec; however, the last I checked, this tool did a poor job of recovering filenames and directory structures, so you'll be left with huge mounds of strangely-named files to sort through. (PhotoRec does at least recognize most common file types and give files appropriate filename extensions.) I hear that there are Windows-specific tools that may do a better job of recovering files (and filenames) that used to be on NTFS volumes, but I don't recall the name of any specific tool. Asking about this on a Windows forum might produce better answers than you'd get here. Any tool of this type requires a separate disk as a target. That is, if you want to recover files from both your disks, you'll need a third disk as a target. If your 931GiB external disk never held anything worth recovering, you could use it as a target for recovery from your 238GiB SSD.

If my pessimistic assessment is correct, you should STOP USING YOUR DISKS IMMEDIATELY! Every write to your disk runs the risk of overwriting important data, so the longer you use the disks, the less data you'll be able to recover from them.


Booting directly to Windows 10 without any option

Try disabling the quick startup, and if you are using two discs (One for ubuntu and one for windows) try booting from the disc with ubuntu first, through this you will have the GRUB menu to choose which system you want to start, usually windows used to have the bcd menu but that was on 7


Try adding this line:  en_US.ISO-8859-1 ISO-8859-1 to this file: /var/lib/locales/supported.d/en.  Then run dpkg-reconfigure locales in the command line.


Does the AMD Sempron 140 CPU support 64-bit Ubuntu?

You should reinstall with the 32-bit one.

32-bit Ubuntu: Works on both 32-bit and 64-bit Systems.  Some features (like more RAM) on a 64-bit system will be restricted if you use 32-bit Ubuntu.

64-bit Ubuntu: Only works on 64-bit Systems and will not work with 32-bit Systems.   Use this only if you are sure that you are using a 64-bit system.


External audio interface detected, but no sound from mic

It was a bad mic cable... I knew it had to be either that or the mic once I got a signal from the 48v preamp.


How do I easily get the list of packages I removed with `autoremove` switch

I once wrote a ruby script for analyzing apt-log history. You can find the script here on github.

You need ruby to execute the script. It's easy

sudo apt-get install ruby

Once done, download the script, save whatever name you like. If you save it as apt-log-analyzer.rb file, execute it with this command

ruby ./apt-log-analyzer.rb

It will show you all the package names. Then you can copy the package names.

Using a pipe like ruby ./apt-log-analyzer.rb | cut -d ' ' -f 1 should make the copying thing easier.

Hope it will help some.


Computer info when login in a tty virtual shell

Thanks for your answers, I found the name of the packet to install on this page:
Where does the System Information information come from on login?
It's the packet landscape-common which gives system informations to motd (thanks Darael). After I installed this packet, I can manually obtain system informations with typing: #landscape-sysinfo


Now that Unity is being deprecated, what is the best way to switch to Gnome3?

The safest way is obviously to know exactly what you're doing, hence, the terminal is actually the "safest" way to do it.  That way, you get all the output from all the commands, so if something fails, you'll know exactly where it has gone wrong.

That being said, according to this article on OMG Ubuntu, it's relatively simple to install the latest version of Gnome 3. All you have to do is install the correct repositories and packages.

Add repository:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3
sudo apt update

Install gnome packages:

sudo apt install gnome gnome-shell

During the install, you should be asked to pick which Display Manager you want to use by default.  If you plan just to use Gnome, go with GDM.  Otherwise, run lightdm and configure it to pick gnome by default.

This being said, Ubuntu 18.04 is going to ship with Gnome, so you do have the option of waiting till it gets there and installing fresh (this is likely what I will do.


I need drivers for my Fujitsu fi6130 scanner

Try Vuescan.You can download it from here:

Vuescan download

See here for details:

Vuescan page


Bluetooth Indicator Applet menu disappears before I can click on it if Panel is set to auto-hide

For me the simplest work around is to click the applet and use the keyboard to navigate the menu.  I like the binding solution, too.


You can select the partition as ntfs, resize the partition to 470GB. that will leave you 10 GB free space, which you mark as ext4, format it and mount it as "/"


Thanks to LewisTM, you can find your gvfs folder in /run/user/$UID/gvfs.

$ mount | grep gvfs

Also see this.


I have had problems using the mouse in a USB3 port, solved when I moved it over to the USB2 port.


404 Not Found nginx/1.10.3 error in Ubuntu 16.04

You cannot use relative paths in your docroot settings.  Use full paths.  /home/USERNAME/website for example.


Disabling package updates for custom-built Vim

If you installed software from source, you can remove or hold the native Ubuntu packages.

To remove vim, you can run

sudo apt-get remove vim

But this can break some dependencies.

As an alternative you can just hold it from getting updates by

sudo apt-mark hold vim


I cannot install packages via the terminal "connection failed", but can browse internet

There are few reasons why this can be happening:

Your ISP is blocking the connection. Use a vpn. (happened with me)
The servers are down. (Very unlikely)
You're too far away from the server. (You can change your repository mirror)
If you're on a corporate or school network it may require use of a proxy.

   Tip: Try accessing those links with Firefox.


Ubuntu 14.04 stopped detecting my HDMI montor

I have managed to make the screen work again but I am not sure how repeatable the fix is. I first purged kdm and nvidia settings and then re-installed nvidia-settings and then switched to the gnome shell on login. This combination of randomness seemed to bring it back to life temporarily. This morning I was back to having issues although this time with the error:

"Could not switch the monitor configuration. Could not find a suitable configuration"

xrandr was showing the HDMI1 as connected.

To fix this I ran

sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg

First time out I rebooted - same issue, second time out I ran with the HDMI cable attached and didnt make any difference. Third time I removed cable, ran above command and re-attached cable and lo! there was life.

Hope that helps someone else even though it is the product of random frustrated hacking


pptpd VPN: No internet access after connecting

If your main purpose of setting up the VPN server is to access website, So traffic has to be forwarded out of the VPN server’s public network interface.Thus, kindly enable port forwarding by editing the sysctl.conf file. I assume “net.ipv4.ip_forward” is commented in the /etc/sysctl.conf file:

nano /etc/sysctl.conf

Add or find and comment out the following line

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

Save, close the file and run the following command to make the changes take effect.

sysctl -p

The following iptables firewall rules allow port 1723, GRE and perform NAT

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 1723 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT -p gre -j ACCEPT
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

In the last rule replace “eth0″ with the interface connecting to the internet on your VPN server. Finally the following rule is required to ensure websites load properly

iptables -I FORWARD -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,RST SYN -s 172.20.1.0/24 -j TCPMSS  --clamp-mss-to-pmtu

Replace 172.20.1.0/24 with the IP address range used in the “remoteip” option in the /etc/pptpd.conf this firewall rule is used to ensure a proper MTU value is used to prevent fragmentation.

Hope it could help.


Unwanted symbols while pasting text on to terminal

I was able to solve this problem by adding set t_BE= to my .vimrc file. thanks for the help @terdon and @steeldriver.

Copy-Paste in xfce4-terminal adds 0~ and 1~


Ubuntu not installing after hard drive got wiped

Go into your BIOS/firmware setup when the computer first boots and change the boot type to "legacy" if you aren't worried about using UEFI/EFI boot.

This should get you up and running again.

Personally, I prefer UEFI/EFI but it's not absolutely necessary. Just use legacy mode (sometimes called compatibility mode).


Scrolling through tabs in Firefox without opening them

Use Alt+ Numbers.

For example, Alt+1 to go to the first page, Alt+6 to go to the 6th page, etc. But this shortcut works only when less than 9 tabs are opened.

For managing a lot of tabs consider using Tabs Menu extension. Once it is installed you can go to menubar by pressing Alt+F10, and there will be tabs menu with the list of all opened tabs.

See here also: Makeuseof review


How to install software from source and tell the apt-get that I have installed the version?

You can't. And in most cases, you shouldn't install a bare source tarball unless there's absolutely no other way. Use a package from Ubuntu, or build a source package from Debian, or anything else. You really want to use Debianized source.

However, you can build/modify a source package:

apt-get source some-package

Then, after making any changes, build a binary package:

cd source-directory
debuild -S

Now, you have a .deb package you can install.

EDIT: I belatedly remembered checkinstall. You can use checkinstall to replace the make install step. You'll get something that looks very much like your original question asked for, although the last time I worked with checkinstall (years ago) it was far from perfect. The other options I mentioned are better than this one.


How to deactiviate blinking cursor on 12.04

I had this issue before I installed the proprietary graphics drivers for my video card. Do you have any available?


Email icon (messaging menu) in Ubuntu 16.04

I found that the problem is that ubuntu doesn't have mailnag-unity-plugin.

I installed from his ppa and its working.


Wifi stops after some time in Ubuntu 14.04

Assuming you are using Realtek Wifi because it causes problem with new kernel.

You need to install backported modules from the 3.19 kernel (happened to me too)
Here's the code on how to

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential
wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/backports/stable/v3.19-rc1/backports-3.19-rc1-1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf backports-3.19-rc1-1.tar.gz
cd backports-3.19-rc1-1
make defconfig-rtlwifi
make
sudo make install

HOPE IT WORKS :D


Recommendations for Stock Trading and Investment Applications?

Try JStock.

JStock makes it easy to track your stock investment. It provides well organized stock market information, to help you decide your best investment strategy.JStoc.

To download, and for more information, visit their website


Want to make an upstart script; need help and advice

Yeah Upstart is a pretty good option for this. Just create a new file:

sudoedit /etc/init/my-jetty-jar.conf

You can change the filename to whatever you like but then stick this in it:

description     "Run my jetty jar"

# no start option as you might not want it to auto-start
# This might not be supported - you might need a: start on runlevel [3]
stop on runlevel [!2345]

# if you want it to automatically restart if it crashes, leave the next line in
respawn

script
    cd /usr/share/jetty
    su -c "/usb/bin/java -jar /path/to/foo.jar" nobody
end script

Some notes about that, I'm suing to nobody for security. You might need it to su into another account but it's probably not recommended that it runs as root.


Dash sometimes stuck open; how to force it to close without logging out

I've been able to press ctrl+alt+F1 to switch to a console. (By default you can choose to use F1-F6 for a console.) Then just log in and run:

unity --replace

That restarts all of unity, including the dash. Press ctrl+alt+F7 to get back to the desktop GUI.


This problem was addressed by making some space. The download filled up the hard drive completely. While LXDE would launch, Unity wouldn't. It would be helpful if Unity could throw some message if it can't launch for this reason.


Optimal Ubuntu version for NAS with XBMC?

Measured by what we can do with it xbmc has surprisingly low demands on hardware. The minimum requirements to run xbmc are:

x86 processor from Pentium 4 or newer, 256 Mb RAM, Radeon HD4300, Intel GMA 950, GeFarce 6 or better.

All other OS additions, and the desktop will add to that. Therefore a full blown Unity desktop as it comes with Ubuntu 14.04 appears not only overkill but it may also considerably reduce performance on a low-end system. Still, even Ubuntu can be configured to run with the quite lean gnome-session-flashback desktop.

In case we do not need any graphical desktop on our media center we may consider to install xbmc on Ubuntu Server but then we may have to manually add some applications we may need.

Therefore a more user-friendly approach may be to choose a flavour with a desktop as lean as possible, and with few additional applications only (e.g. Lubuntu or Xubuntu). This also gives us the advantage to maintain our system from a graphical desktop.

We can configure xbmc to run an xbmc-standalone session to boot our PC directly to xbmc without loading the desktop environment. This alone may give us a best performance irrespect of which Ubuntu flavour we had used as a base.

We should also mention XBMCbuntu an inofficial derivative of Ubuntu maintained by the xbmc team and tailored to run xmbc. This derivative hovewer is not supported here on Ask Ubntu.


Ubuntu 18.04 1360x768 resolution available but don't work

In the Displays Section.
Select "Single Display" and Select the  32" TV as Primary.
It will give you the options.


How can I move my extended/swap partition?

You can not move the left border of the extended partition (/dev/sda2) because it contains a logical volume (/dev/sda5) right at its start.

Extended partitions are containers for logical volumes, but they are like a box without a bottom. If you would lift up the bottomless box, all its contents would still rest on the floor in the same place. It's the same for logical volumes, they do not move or resize automatically if you modify their container. As logical volumes may not exist outside their enclosing extended partition, it is not permitted to move or resize the extended partition in a way that would cause parts of its contained logical volumes to appear outside its borders.

You can still achieve your goal and make /dev/sda1 take up the remaining unpartitioned space on the disk, there are just a few more steps needed:

Enlarge the extended partition (/dev/sda2) by moving its right border by the amount of space you want to finally add to /dev/sda1, probably you want to move it all the way to the right.
Move the swap partition (logical volume /dev/sda5) inside the enlarged extended partition to the right end of its container.
Shrink the extended partition (/dev/sda2) by moving its left border all the way to the right so that there's no more unallocated space left inside it (maybe one or two MB may not get assigned due to partition alignment, but that's no problem).
Finally enlarge the primary partition (/dev/sda1) by moving its right border to occupy all the unpartitioned space you just shuffled right next to it.


How do I alias `as` to `askubuntu.com` in Chromium?

In Chromium, go to chrome://settings/browser (this is the same as Wrench icon -> Preferences) . In Search, click on "Manage Search Engines". Add a new search engine, with details as follows:

Name: AskUbuntu (this doesn't really matter)
Keyword: as
URL: http://www.askubuntu.com


Terminal not taking the full input of a directory

Your issue is that you need to encapsulate your path with quotes. It may look that you already are, but I guess you are getting confused by the number of "string in a string" you have.

Starting with your JSON, you are passing the value of the shell_cmd key to your program which is:

gnome-terminal -- bash -c '${file_path}/${file_base_name}; read -sn 1'

That command is starting the gnome-terminal application and asking it to run the following command on startup:

bash -c '${file_path}/${file_base_name}; read -sn 1'

That command, in turn, is executing bash and telling it to run the following command - Take note of the non-existing quotes:

${file_path}/${file_base_name}; read -sn 1

Before running, that command will replace the variable with their appropriate value before being executed, and according to the error message you showed, the command is becoming the following:

/home/dr_insult/COMPUTER PROGRAMS/DATA STRUCTURES & ALGORITHMS/Stacks & Queues/; read -sn 1

Finally, what is happening, in this case, is that bash is parsing that command by splitting it on the & character as it thinks it should run several commands in the backgrounds like so:

# This first command, for example, is attempting to run a script named
# /home/dr_insult/COMPUTER while passing two parameters
# "PROGRAMS/DATA" and "STRUCTURES" and attempting to put it in the background
/home/dr_insult/COMPUTER PROGRAMS/DATA STRUCTURES &
ALGORITHMS/Stacks &
Queues/
read -sn 1

All of those paths don't exist in your system, which it raising those errors you see.

What you need to do is to quote your that command in order to tell bash to treat all that string as a single path.

So change the value of the shell_cmd key to the following (You will need to escape the double quotes so your JSON stays valid)

"gnome-terminal -- bash -c '\"${file_path}/${file_base_name}\"; read -sn 1'"


I'm not sure I know what you want to achieve but jockey-text will let you detect and install drivers from the command line.

It has various arguments where you'd be able to parse the output and feed them back into it via a script. Just look at jockey-text --help

If you need to really play around with how it works, it's all Python (with a light dusting of dbus) so you're free to just dive in and hack around with whatever you want.

You can find the scripts in /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/jockey/ (this path will change in future Ubuntu versions when there's a different Python version being used) and you can see how jockey-text interfaces with this in its own script here: /usr/bin/jockey-text.

I'd suggest inheriting jockey.ui.AbstractUI like jockey-text does and working it from there. It's not a simple application though. It's going to take a bit of time to figure out what's actually happening inside that class before you can meaningfully use it.


One can tweak the scrollbars of Firefox assuming that the overlay scrollbars aren't being used.
Unfortunately,if I understand correctly, scrollbars (in Firefox) are "anonymous content". That means one can't tweak them using userChrome.css or userContent.css.
To tweak scrollbars, I use the Stylish extension for Firefox.

After you've installed it, you'll be able to style your scrollbars:
Here's my very simplistic version:

@namespace xul url(http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul);
/*scrollbars*/
scrollbar { -moz-appearance: none !important; background: #777 !important}
scrollbar[orient="vertical"] { width: 7px !important}
scrollbar[orient="horizontal"] { height: 7px !important}
scrollbar thumb {
-moz-appearance: none !important;
-moz-border-radius: 4px !important;
background: maroon !important;
min-width: 8px !important;
max-width: 8px !important;
border: 1px !important;
}

If you go over to the forum for that extension and look around, you'll find more parameters to tweak.

As already pointed out, the length of the vertical scrollbar is usually a function of the length of the web page. There maybe a way to set a minimum length but I haven't looked for that.


As stated in README at mainline:

  These binary packages represent builds of the mainline or stable Linux
  kernel tree at the commit below:

v4.4 (afd2ff9b7e1b367172f18ba7f693dfb62bdcb2dc)

  To obtain the source from which they are built fetch the commit below:

git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel-test/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/mainline-crack v4.4

  and apply the following patches on top in the order below:

0001-base-packaging.patch
0002-debian-changelog.patch
0003-configs-based-on-Ubuntu-4.4.0-0.10.patch

This means that you need to apply those patches only if you are building your kernel from source and not from *.deb.

In case if you are building it from source, then these are the steps you need to follow:

Install these packages:

sudo apt-get install git build-essential kernel-package fakeroot libncurses5-dev

Get the source code:

mkdir anyname; cd anyname
git clone git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel-test/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/mainline-crack v4.4

Copy the patches files.
Change to kernel directory:

cd v4.4

Make any custom changes.
Apply patches:

patch -p1 < ~/anyname/0001-base-packaging.patch
patch -p1 < ~/anyname/0002-debian-changelog.patch
patch -p1 < ~/anyname/0003-configs-based-on-Ubuntu-4.4.0-0.10.patch

Make:

cp /boot/config-`uname -r` .config
gedit .config

make oldconfig
make menuconfig

make clean
make -j `getconf _NPROCESSORS_ONLN` deb-pkg LOCALVERSION=-custom

Install generated deb:

sudo dpkg -i ../*.deb

Update GRUB and reboot:

sudo update-grub; sudo reboot


Use blablabla -i mp3/$(( ( RANDOM % N )  + 1 )).mp3

Replace N with Max number you want to generate, or 1 Min number.

Or you can use $(shuf -i MIN-MAX -n 1) instead.

from man shuf:

-i, --input-range=LO-HI
    treat each number LO through HI as an input line
-n, --head-count=COUNT
    output at most COUNT lines

Actually -n 1 in shuf here means only generate one random Num, you can test with -n 2 which is generating two Random Nums.

You may also wants to have this with printf if your files name has leading 0's.

printf "%03d.mp3\n" $(( (RANDOM % 100) + 1 ))
018.mp3


14.04 login loop; tried suggested solutions but no luck; will work with older linux kernel

If you know the package (program) that you updated which created the problem (often an ATI/Radeon or Nvidia driver) it is a relatively easy fix. If this is so, then you can return to the previous version of the driver from the working kernel (from which you can boot) which should fix the problem. From the Software Sources window go to the driver tab on the far left and select an earlier version of the driver.
If it was another package and you know the name of the package then you should install Synaptic (you can do so from a terminal with command sudo apt-get install synaptic), search for the package within synaptic and select (highlight) it, then click the "Package" option near the top, then click "Force Version..." and select a previous version of the package.  Then you can click "Apply" and once the downgrade of that package is complete, open a terminal and enter sudo sync and as soon as it finishes you can reboot your computer and the problem should (or may) be fixed.  This though, is without going through any debugging of the problem to try and correct it without removing or downgrading the version of the package (which can take far longer, but not always).

Hope this is helpful,

David


I think the answer you looking for is here :
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BIOSUpdate
Scroll down to see about hp


SDDM: How to run script as root on login and logout

sddm sources /etc/profile (common for all users). In case that users's $SHELL is bash then following files are checked. First file found will be executed:

$HOME/.bash_profile
$HOME/.bash_login
$HOME/.profile

Have a look at /etc/sddm/Xsession for more details or for files sourced by different shell. As comment in the file above states:

  Note that the respective logout scripts are not sourced.


Menu bars and launcher missing (after tampering with xorg.conf)

I assume your unity configuration is messed up. According to this, do the following in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool
unity-tweak-tool --reset-unity


By default, cp will not copy directories.  This protects you from accidentally copying too much.

$ cp -v /var/www /var/www/dev
cp: omitting directory `/var/www'

To override this default, supply the -R option:

$ cp -vR /var/www /var/www/dev
`/var/www' -> `/var/www/dev/www'

The reason that this was the only command that failed was that this was the only command that was missing -R.


How to create a file in a specific location for every user?

cp has an option to specify the target directory separately: -t. So you can do:

for u in /home/*
do
    sudo cp -t "$u/.config/autostart" -i <file>
    sudo mkdir "$u/Desktop/foo"
done

In general, there's no simple way to manage user's home directories. You can specify what gets created in it when the home directory is first created, but after that, it's each user for itself.

Then, you'd have to use some form of scripting. In this case, I have used shell scripting. Check out the TLDP guides on Bash and scripting in Bash. Even with tools like Puppet, this is not a trivial task.


xrandr script for external monitor adjustment not executing from udev

I don't know if you're still looking for a solution, but your script helped me to get it right.
The problem is that you think it is necessary to run it as the user that is logged in at the moment. First of all, this isn't necessary, and second of all, the way you do it is wrong, because the call to 'who' will reply with root as the script is executed as root.
To solve your problem, remove the sudo and add the correct display identifier:
#!/bin/sh
HDMI_STATUS=`cat /sys/class/drm/card1-HDMI-A-1/status`

if [ $HDMI_STATUS = "connected" ]
then
    DISPLAY=:0 /usr/bin/xrandr ...
else
    DISPLAY=:0 /usr/bin/xrandr ...
fi

This works perfectly for me.
As a bonus, you can replace your call to xrandr with a call to an arandr-script (arandr can save its configuration as a script in ~/.screenlayout (or anywhere you want). By using those scripts, you only need to update them to make it work automatically on the udev event.


Is this a laptop? Does it have screen brightness keys? If so, try using them; the screen might simply be dimmed.

If that fails, my next suggestion is much more painful: It's to boot to text mode and create an /etc/X11/xorg.conf file and try adjusting its options (particularly the X driver you're using). This is a very open-ended approach, though, and potentially rather complex. Try doing a Web search on xorg.conf to find tutorials on how to create and use this file.

Of course, another option is to return the computer; if it's a recent purchase, you can probably do so and get your money back. You can then research what works painlessly with Linux and get something better.


install self-compiled libraries in ubuntu

You shouldnt mess with the libraries installed by the distro. Esp., you should not replace them with your own version as this can break many things.

You can install your own libraries in a non-system location (side by side install) and use LD_PRELOAD for pre-built binaries or if you are compiling your own apps as well, link them with your libraries.