I assume you did something like

TZ=:/etc/localtime

This will not however propagate to subshells - and you normal bash shell is a subshell of the wider environment. So you need to do:

export TZ=:/etc/localtime


Attempting to install an OS (LINUX) from a flash drive

When you have proper USB stick, you can boot from it. Reboot PC, enter BIOS settings, openn boot menu (usually it is Del key to enter settings and F8 key for menu). Select your USB stick. If you see options stating UEFI, you must choose among them, not the others.
After you select the proper menu line, you will be propted if you want to install Ubuntu. After that, follow the guides.


How do I get an ssh -X session to use the host's sound settings

pulse-client.conf man page suggests you may be able to set the PULSE_SERVER environment variable to change which pulseaudio it talks to. So if you

on the host machine run xprop -root PULSE_SERVER >
pulseaudio-server.txt
ssh -X (or actually ssh -Y is better) to that machine with the
laptop
run export PULSE_SERVER= to whatever xprop -root PULSE_SERVER
said
run your music player

Answer via +Ray Strode on google+


Browser's back button hidden by unity launcher

I had the same "problem" which I fixed by installing CCSM (CompizConfig Settings Manager) and setting in the Ubuntu Unity Plugin the option Hide Launcher to NEVER. This way when the browser opens the left side of it will be right next to the launcher and not on top or below of it so you can see both, the launcher buttons and the browser buttons.

There is no need to approach the edge slowly, not have the buttons in their typical place or not have it maximize since this are not solutions to the confusion between both elements.

After changing the option in the Unity Plugin, at least in my case I had to reboot to take effect. Just in case it happens to you. You safe with this some valuable seconds when browsing and want to check something quickly.

At the end it should look like this:

See how the browser's left limit is the actual launcher and not the resolution border.


Getting correct version of the package python-django

Yes, it's normal, if you have installed an additional version without the package manager as in your case.

The path /usr/local/bin has a higher priority as the path /usr/bin. For that reason, the command

django-admin --version

shows another version than

dpkg -s python-django | grep Version

To force the usage of the version 1.6 you have to use the absolute path

/usr/bin/django-admin --version

and because I do not know what else you have adapted

sudo apt-get install --reinstall python-django


Access more options via Gnome Power Manager

The second screenshot you have referred to is the "old" Gnome-2 style Power Manager screen.

The Gnome-3 developers took a close look at the various Gnome applications and re-wrote and/or redesigned many applications.

The various applets that made up the Gnome-2 control panel were brought together under the System Settings gnome-control-center application.  It was this move that has resulted in the simplification of the power-management screen.

Many of the Gnome-2 power-management options you were familiar with are still available - but have been tucked away in either gconf-editor or dconf-editor

gconf-editor

Navigate to apps.gnome_settings_daemon.plugins

ALT+F2 and type gconf-editor to launch this application.

dconf-editor

Navigate to org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power

Install dconf-tools and use ALT+F2 and type dconf-editor to launch this application


Stuck in initramfs with btrfs root array

Turns out, dropbear/busybox is missing the /dev/btrfs-control device node. This is usually set up by udev.

you will need to create it yourself when logged in to dropbear (initramfs):

# mknod /dev/btrfs-control c 10 234

https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Problem_FAQ#I_get_the_message_.22failed_to_open_.2Fdev.2Fbtrfs-control_skipping_device_registration.22_from_.22btrfs_dev_scan.22


While I'm not certain why your upgrader tried to remove it, duplicity is still supported by Canonical.

It looks like there was some churn due to duplicity's python3 port (it was briefly dropped from the desktop image due to bug 1829862). If you upgraded before official release, you may have gotten hit by that?

You can manually reinstall it, but Deja Dup should also prompt you to reinstall duplicity if it's missing the next time it tries to back up.


I have the same problem, just install Ubuntu 13.04, previous OS Fedora 19 all works fine, bu this problem! I see that you post this 3 month ago, did you have any solution now?

// To addmins, sory.

I have some solution,
OS 13.04 have apache 2.2
last version of xampp have apache 2.4

I install xampp and /index WORK!,
I sink the problem is in apache configs, but with I don't now,
for me the best solution is to use xampp.


What does the pipe | indicate in apt-cache rdepends?

In the example you give, the pipe | means that, for python-carquinyol-0.96 or freemind-doc, abiword is not the only package that satisfies the dependencies.

For example, if you installed freemind-doc, abiword or something else will do. Running apt-cache show freemind-doc you can see:

Recommends: evince | openoffice.org-writer | abiword | kword | pdf-viewer

which means that installing any of these packages is sufficient.

Compare that to the package xubuntu-desktop, shown without a |:

Recommends: abiword, abiword-plugin-grammar, ...

Here there are no alternatives to abiword; if you want all the recommended packages installed, you must install abiword.


Access secondary hard disk from Virtual Machine

Yes, of course it is possible to set up Virtual Box to have raw access to an attached hard drive.

  This is dangerous because data can get lost

  We do have to make sure that we never ever access this drive from both, the host OS, and the guest OS at any time.

There is a nice tutorial found in the Virtual Box Manual on how to achieve this.

In short summary (do take the time to read the manual) we need to create a .vmdk file pointing to our hard drive:

VBoxManage internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename /path/to/file.vmdk -rawdisk /dev/sda

We than may attach this file to our virtual machine

VBoxManage storageattach <NameofVM> --storagectl "IDE Controller" --port 0 --device 0 --type hdd --medium /path/to/file.vmdk


installing libg2-dev on ubuntu 10.04 lucid

When installing libg2-dev, libg2.a is not created and stored on the machine. I would suggest your build the library from source. Download it from their sourceforge repo.


How do you add a machine to MAAS with IPMI power using CLI

Here is an example of how to add a machine:

maas maasadmin machines create \
    hostname=<hostname> \
    fqdn=<hostname>.maas \
    mac_addresses=<mac_used_for_dhcp> \
    architecture=amd64 \
    power_type=ipmi \
    power_parameters_power_driver=LAN_2_0 \
    power_parameters_power_user=<ipmi_user> \
    power_parameters_power_pass=<ipmi_password> \
    power_parameters_power_address=<mgmt_ip_address>

Inputs:

hostname: whatever you want to label your new machine.

mac_address:  The mac address of the adapter on the new machine that will receive the DHCP address and then reach back to MAAS for a PXE image.

ipmi_user/password:  The user account on your machine's controller card (e.g. Dell iDRAC)

mgmt_ip_address: The ip address of your machine's controller card (e.g. Dell iDRAC)

The following is pulled from the MAAS api source code for creating a new machine.

   """Create a new Machine.

    Adding a server to a MAAS puts it on a path that will wipe its disks
    and re-install its operating system, in the event that it PXE boots.
    In anonymous enlistment (and when the enlistment is done by a
    non-admin), the machine is held in the "New" state for approval by a
    MAAS admin.

    The minimum data required is:
    architecture=<arch string> (e.g. "i386/generic")
    mac_addresses=<value> (e.g. "aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff")

    :param architecture: A string containing the architecture type of
        the machine. (For example, "i386", or "amd64".) To determine the
        supported architectures, use the boot-resources endpoint.
    :type architecture: unicode

    :param min_hwe_kernel: A string containing the minimum kernel version
        allowed to be ran on this machine.
    :type min_hwe_kernel: unicode

    :param subarchitecture: A string containing the subarchitecture type
        of the machine. (For example, "generic" or "hwe-t".) To determine
        the supported subarchitectures, use the boot-resources endpoint.
    :type subarchitecture: unicode

    :param mac_addresses: One or more MAC addresses for the machine. To
        specify more than one MAC address, the parameter must be specified
        twice. (such as "machines new mac_addresses=01:02:03:04:05:06
        mac_addresses=02:03:04:05:06:07")
    :type mac_addresses: unicode

    :param hostname: A hostname. If not given, one will be generated.
    :type hostname: unicode

    :param domain: The domain of the machine. If not given the default
        domain is used.
    :type domain: unicode

    :param power_type: A power management type, if applicable (e.g.
        "virsh", "ipmi").
    :type power_type:unicode

    :param power_parameters_{param}: The parameter(s) for the power_type.
        Note that this is dynamic as the available parameters depend on
        the selected value of the Machine's power_type. `Power types`_
        section for a list of the available power parameters for each
        power type.
    :type power_parameters_{param1}: unicode
    """


The problem is not with Python. JDK stands for Java Development Kit, which PyCharm need in order to run.

Try this link to install the Open JDK:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14788345/how-to-install-jdk-on-ubuntu-linux


Why do received emails not display in Thunderbird?

Solution: Look at Tools > Add-Ons and see if you have upgrades that are needed. In my case, Thunderbird Conversations had an upgrade that, for whatever reason, was not automatically applied when the main Thunderbird was updated (I thought they fixed that...). Upgrading the extensions cleared up the problem.


www directory is not there when I open var

The FHS defines the directories and /var/www/ is not a default directory. From the link:

Requirements
The following directories, or symbolic links to directories, are required in /var.

Directory   Description
cache   Application cache data
lib     Variable state information
local   Variable data for /usr/local
lock    Lock files
log     Log files and directories
opt     Variable data for /opt
run     Data relevant to running processes
spool   Application spool data
tmp     Temporary files preserved between system reboots

Several directories are `reserved' in the sense that they must not be used arbitrarily by some new application, since they would conflict with historical and/or local practice. They are:

    /var/backups
    /var/cron
    /var/msgs
    /var/preserve

Apache uses /var/www/html/ and creates it on installation, if it does not exists. Other webservers probably have other locations. Nginx since Ubuntu 15.10 uses this directory as well, but you can also configure it in any Nginx version to use a different directory with the root directive in a site config file (but beware the pitfalls that can happen with this).
If you expect a /var/www/ I would assume you need to install apache (or a lamp-server package).

Otherwise ...
sudo mkdir /var/www/
sudo chmod 755 /var/www
sudo chown root:root /var/www

to create it as apache would create it.


Courier-imap with sendmail setup: why is my IMAP inbox empty?

I had some configuration issues. When I followed this guide point by point, I got it working


Your wireless_info shows two access points with the same name, same signal strength and so on. It also clearly shows attempts to roam from among the two, disconnects, reconnects, etc. We don't understand why. If you have any understanding of this, we suggest that it be changed. At the least, rename one of the instances to NETIASPOT-5EE530A or some such.

If you are unable to do so, I suggest that you ask Network Manager to bind to one instance or the other by referencing the MAC address, like this: Ubuntu connect drops. Worked for a while then started dropping again

We are very concerned about the encryption in your router:

IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1
                        Group Cipher : TKIP
                        Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP
                        Authentication Suites (1) : PSK
                    IE: WPA Version 1
                        Group Cipher : TKIP
                        Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP
                        Authentication Suites (1) : PSK

WPA2-AES is preferred; not any WPA and WPA2 mixed mode and certainly not TKIP. Second, if your router is capable of N speeds, you may have better connectivity with a channel width of 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band instead of automatic 20/40 MHz, although it is likely to affect N speeds. I also have better luck with a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.

Next, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Check yours:

sudo iw reg get

If you get 00, that is a one-size-maybe-fits-all setting. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Then set it temporarily:

sudo iw reg set IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Set it permanently:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/crda

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit.

Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

Next, I'd set IPv6 to Ignore in Network Manager: http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/18/html/Installation_Guide/images/netconfig/network-connections-ipv6-ignore.png  This example is for ethernet, but you want wireless.


Unity Top Bar and Launcher disappeared Feb 24/2018

Update: Yesterday I tried advice from WinEunuuchs2Unix answer in ubuntu-menu-and-launcher-not-showing-after-2-16-2018-update and it fixed the problem in my case.

rm -rf ~/.config/compiz-1/compizconfig/*

I have tried to remove it before, but nothing changed. And just after mesa downgrade, and then removing compiz config files Unity panels come back to their usual places. But I still can't understand what was the main cause of crashing.


Midnight Commander is showing some weird characters

A little more information would be nice. Its obvious that the â is being used as borders and something is odd. A quick look online for changing the character being used as a border  suggests that your character set is incorrect and you need to change it to UTF-8(source), and you're probably using putty


Why login is very slow on Ubuntu 13.10 32 bits?

try

sudo dpkg-reconfigure unity-greeter

if this not solves your problem, try then

sudo aptitude reinstall lightdm


Horizontal Scrolling checked but still doesn't work

The challenge you are facing is likely caused by the fact that while many touchpads enable horizontal scrolling, they often do not have a large enough area for the scrolling to actually be detected. There used to be a program for changing this value, but I don't think it is supported any longer.

Of course, that is only one possible explanation, and it may just be that your touchpad doesn't support it in the first place, which is more likely the problem.

EDIT:
From the information you gave, it would seem that either the driver in Linux is missing support for horizontal scrolling, or it is using the wrong configuration for your hardware. In either case, you should report a bug.


no targets specified and no makefile found. stop

Is a dependency problem: you do not have the qt4 libraries installed.

Install all dependencies with:

sudo apt-get install libqt4-dev
sudo apt-get install libjack0
sudo apt-get install libjack-dev
sudo apt-get install libasound2-dev
sudo apt-get install libsndfile1-dev

Now, run:

./configure

after, type:

make

and finally:

sudo make install


Take a look at https://github.com/ubuntu/snappy-playpen/blob/master/galculator/snapcraft.yaml - it's actually quite straight-forward:

The relevant bit is

parts:
  galculator:
    source: https://github.com/galculator/galculator.git
    plugin: autotools
    install-via: prefix
    build-packages:
      - flex
      - gettext
      - intltool
      - libgtk-3-dev
      - libpng12-dev
      - libxml-parser-perl
    stage-packages:
      - libglib2.0-0
      - libgtk-3-0
      - libpango-1.0-0
      - libpng12-0
      - libquadmath0
      - dconf-gsettings-backend
      - librsvg2-common
      - libwmf0.2-7-gtk
      - libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0
after: [gtkconf]

A few points:
 - it uses the autotools plugin to build the package
 - it pulls in libgtk3-dev (and other packages) as build-packages, so packages you need to have locally installed to build the snap
 - it mentions dependencies as stage-packages which are then bundled with the snap
 - it uses the gtkconf wiki part for the launcher

Have a look at the full example though, it should help getting your GTK3 app to build.


Is Ubuntu compatible with my 32 bit windows 7 system?

Ubuntu and windows are separated operating systems. There is for sure a 32 bit image of ubuntu avaliable here. Please note Ubuntu and windows will run in different partitions and the partitioning procedure CAN LEAD TO DATA LOSS if you don't know what you are doing. Please come back here or go to #Ubuntu at irc.freenode.org in order to get a clear picture of the procedures involved in Dualbooting.


Why WinXP faster than Xubuntu under Virtualbox?

If it's a fresh install of XP (without updates, antivirus and everything else you need) then it will seem very fast compared with Xubuntu.

The minimum & recommended RAM for Xubuntu are 256mb & 512mb, which is 4 time more than XP.

Lubuntu would provide similar performance to XP.


Lenovo Y510P: Battery wont charge past 60%

Since the answer Intruder is a little bit dated and doesn't contain an answer, only the link, the solution he provides is as follows (originally provided by yigit from the lenovo forum):

Shutdown your Laptop.
Remove the battery and the AC.
Press the Power-Button for 30-40 seconds.
Put everything back together and start reboot your laptop.

Also: According to some more sources it doesn't seem to be OS related but more hardware related. As far as I could understand, you are resetting your CMOS with the steps above. It worked for me and my Lenovo E530.


Freezes when login, but not with another user

Most probably you running some config data / setup which blocks your computer. I recommend instead of searching of the problem just to backup /home/(user) folder, create a completely new user profile and to copy ju"st data and some "." folders you absolutely need and delete the rest.

Folders beggining by "." contain init and config files to each piece of software you have and are often "invisible". Choose proper way to transfer all files and not to loose anything.


How to connect Nokia Lumia 520 to Ubuntu 12.04

These are my steps to connect the Nokia Lumia 920 (WP8):

1. Add the MTP file system in Ubuntu:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:langdalepl/gvfs-mtp
sudo apt-get update

2. Make a new udev rule:

2.1 Create the rule file:

sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/69-libmtp.rules

2.2 Add the following line to the file:

ATTRS{idVendor}=="01b1", ATTRS{idProduct}=="01b1", SYMLINK+="libmtp", MODE="660", ENV{ID_MTP_DEVICE}="1"

2.3 Save the file (Ctrl+O)

3. Reload udev rules:

# udevadm control --reload-rules

4. Connect (or reconnect) the device.


How do I wipe my computer completely clean and remove ubuntu?

formatting does not delete the data, you need to write data to the drive. Boot a live CD and either write zeros to the hard drive with dd or use a utility such as shread

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda iflag=nocache oflag=direct bs=4096

or use a utility such as scrub

scrub /dev/sda

http://linux.die.net/man/1/scrub

See Securely erase hard drive using the Disk Utility

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Securely_wipe_disk

You then format the hard drive and install your os of choice


VPN slows down whole internet connection

Your routing table say that after connecting to vpn change default gw from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.9 aka route all traffic through tun0 interface.

To avoid this you can add following

Create script for tun0 interface

sudo nano /etc/network/if-up.d/script

put in script this

    # Check for specific interface if desired
    [ "$IFACE" != "tun0" ] || exit 0
    # trigger vpn connection
    ip route del default via 192.168.2.9
    ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev wlan0

Save and exit.

Make script called script with execute permissions 755

sudo chmod 755 /etc/network/if-up.d/script

This script will be triggered after tun0 interface go up and simple make wlan0 default interface for internet traffic.

Or, you can, after establishing a vpn connection in terminal run this commands,

First remove default gw the add new

sudo ip route del default via 192.168.2.9
sudo ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev wlan0

but this is temporary and must be done every time when connect to vpn

Or, based on you setup, in /etc/network/interfaces in the part of config a tun0 interface add command

Example:

iface tun0 inet static
      --omited some config--

      address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
      pointopoint xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
      netmask xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
      up route add -net ..
      --omited some config--

      #change default gw
      up ip route del default via 192.168.2.9
      up ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev wlan0

All of this way of configuration will back default route to wlan0 interface
after vpn connection.


Map the right shift button to the left shift button

run the command xmodmap -pke | grep Shift

example:

parrot@i7-4770U:~$ xmodmap -pke | grep Shift
keycode  50 = Shift_L ISO_Next_Group Shift_L ISO_Next_Group Shift_L ISO_Next_Group Shift_L ISO_Next_Group
keycode  62 = Shift_R ISO_Next_Group Shift_R ISO_Next_Group Shift_R ISO_Next_Group Shift_R ISO_Next_Group
keycode  92 = ISO_Level3_Shift NoSymbol ISO_Level3_Shift NoSymbol ISO_Level3_Shift
keycode 108 = Alt_R ISO_Next_Group ISO_Level3_Shift NoSymbol ISO_Level3_Shift
parrot@i7-4770U:~$

Copy the Shift_L part completely like this

Shift_L ISO_Next_Group Shift_L ISO_Next_Group Shift_L ISO_Next_Group Shift_L ISO_Next_Group

run the command to map keycode 62 to use Left Shift functionality

xmodmap -e "keycode 62 = Shift_L ISO_Next_Group Shift_L ISO_Next_Group Shift_L ISO_Next_Group Shift_L ISO_Next_Group"

run the command xev and press physical key Right Shift.. you will see the symbol as Shift_L

Example Output with xev and pressing physical Right Shift key

KeyRelease event, serial 37, synthetic NO, window 0x3600001,
    root 0x116, subw 0x0, time 490059, (660,717), root:(748,835),
    state 0x1, keycode 62 (keysym 0xffe1, Shift_L), same_screen YES,
    XKeysymToKeycode returns keycode: 50
    XLookupString gives 0 bytes:
    XFilterEvent returns: False

if you are satisfied with the behaviour of this functionality..

make the command as a startup application preferences like this


Run xterm from your dash and install gnome-terminal and USC again:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install gnome-terminal

sudo apt-get install software-cente

If you don't have xterm then swtich to one of your virtual consoles tty's using the CTRL+ Alt+ F1 or f2..6

Then run the same commands above after your login with your username and password.


Is there a fork or continuation of Ubuntu Builder for Ubuntu 14.04?

I'm sorry, there isn't any further Ubuntu Builder solution. I talked to the developer and he cited a couple of reasons why he discontinued the project. First, he is very busy with real life. Second, he didn't feel he was competent enough to continue the project. I didn't agree with him about the competency because his project was really brilliant and useful!

Currently, I'm using UCK (Ubuntu Customization Kit) but it seems there are systemic problems with 14.04.1 that have causes too many failures for me. For example, the installation process does not see the partitions on my 2Tb drive, which has Windows 7 and a test Linux partion. It's very strange. I have never had this issue! The other issue is that I can't install WINE 1.7.x. 14.04.1 claimes the package is broken! Perhaps this is specifically Xubuntu problems.

Try first the UCK application. If this is not good for you, perhaps you could try the hard way:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCDCustomization

If anybody developer is reading this and enjoys working with Gambas 3, please help the community! Ubuntu Builder only needs a few updates to its configuration files in order to work on 14.04.1 and newer. I have tried to fix it but I can't.


Hours of chasing my tail a brought another dongle and it worked immediately.


What is your internet connection? If it's ADSL, you should probably reduce your MTU. See http://www.dslreports.com/faq/7801 and http://www.dslreports.com/faq/5793

The MTU is the Maximum Transmission Unit (see this)

If your MTU is too large, every TCP packet you send will be broken into TWO (or more) packets, and you'll experience slowth.


How to compile Asus-syntec-webcam-driver stk11xx

Add the user to video group.

Then, in accordance with http://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/syntek download syntek.tar.gz http://ubuntuone.com/p/pQc/, and next:

Unpack

tar xvf ~/syntek.tar.gz

Go to the drivers directory in the terminal

cd ~/syntek/driver
make -f Makefile-syntekdriver
make -f Makefile-syntekdriver install
sudo modprobe stk11xx
dmesg |tail

For example, my log

[ 1129.566489] stk11xx: Copyright(c) 2006-2009 Nicolas VIVIEN
[ 1129.566512] stk11xx: Syntek USB2.0 - STK-1135 based webcam found.
[ 1129.566514] stk11xx: Syntek AVStream USB2.0 1.3M WebCam - Product ID 0x6A51.
[ 1129.566516] stk11xx: Release: 0005
[ 1129.566518] stk11xx: Number of interfaces : 1
[ 1129.568024] stk11xx: Initialize USB2.0 Syntek Camera
[ 1130.559109] stk11xx: Syntek USB2.0 Camera is ready
[ 1130.559243] stk11xx: Syntek USB2.0 Camera is now controlling video device /dev/video0
[ 1130.559291] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb_stk11xx_driver
[ 1130.559296] stk11xx: v2.2.0 : Syntek USB Video Camera

Option vertical and horizontal flip for all users:

Add to /etc/rc.local, before the line exit 0, the following:

sudo gedit /etc/rc.local

vertical flip

echo '1' > /sys/class/video4linux/video0/vflip

horizontal flip

echo '1' > /sys/class/video4linux/video0/hflip

Reload the kernel module

And that's all. Works on Ubuntu 11.04.

I'm glad if I helped.


How do I enable video decoding on gpu (ATI) and XBMC?

I am not sure who to point the finger at, but what essentially happened is that NVIDIA provided one API to do this with their cards and ATI provided one for theirs. As you can guess they are not the same, so in order for programs to take advantage of this, they have to be coded to support it.

From what I can find, this is not currently in the stable release of XBMC (Dharma 10.1), but lucky for you is in branch for the next release. Your options at this point are to either wait for the Eden edition, or jump ahead and get a nightly build of XBMC. Obviously the nightly build can be unstable, and you have to accept that as part of the risk if you choose to so.

If you want to go the nightly route, check out this thread on the XBMC forums that gives you a couple different options and ways to get it installed.

Oh, also apparently if you are willing to go the Windows (ducks just in case somebody gets mad, sorry) route, the zacate seems to work pretty well on that platform also.


How to set proxy server to work from the command line

Not sure what might have happened to your system, but you may be interested in setting those in your terminal/command line:

export http_proxy="http://user:password@proxy_server:port"
export https_proxy="https://user:password@proxy_server:port"

Then run the

sudo apt-get update

You can actually check what shows:

echo $http_proxy

(btw - you may use this way for ftp_proxy, too)


Absolutely!

You can use a software called Pen Drive Linux. The software can be found at: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows .

Once you setup your usb drive to be bootable with Ubuntu, you can then reboot your system (catch the boot menu, and boot from usb). It will let you run a liveCD version of ubuntu which is fully usable. You can use the OS to your hearts content. You can then install from the liveCD or just shutdown, remove usb drive, and start your computer like normal.

FYI people use liveCD's to do banking in a clean environment all the time. So when you make your usb drive, even if you don't use it keep it. You can always use it as a clean enviornment for shopping or online banking.


"Data Dictionary upgrade from MySQL 5.7 in progress" takes forever for some small databases

It turned out that was indeed an error in one of my databases, incompatibility in stored procedures. I figured exact error by looking at /var/log/mysql/error.log file as suggested in a comment above.
However - MySQL server became totally unresponsive, taking roughly 30% of server CPU all the time. I tried to kill the process, it was restarted immediately.
Even sudo apt remove mysql-server mysql-server-8.0 didn't help.
I tried everything to just start the server normally without converting or importing data, but nothing worked.
So here's what I did to recover my data and start over:
I created a new virtual machine, installed Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS on it, installed MySQL, copied all my backed up MySQL data files onto it, changed owner to mysql user, started the server and then I was able to use mysqldump to export all of my databases to "proper" sql files.
Then I purged all MySQL server packages with sudo apt purge mysql-* and then reinstalled fresh MySQL server. Then imported my data from sql files. Of course, as I could expect - one of the databases couldn't be imported because of the incompatibility mentioned above, but I fixed the offending code and imported remaining data.
Everything works. BTW, I learn the hard way to use proper quoting of field and table names, as some common words could become keywords in future versions of MySQL. So ALWAYS quote the names in backticks, even if it seems unnecessary.


Maybe this can help you solve your problem:

http://stuff.purdon.ca/?page_id=8


Ubuntu 12.04 menu bar, nautilus, terminal, and gtk themes not working after installation of Gimp 2.8

I'd suggest removing that ppa to see if that isolates the problem.

$ sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
$ sudo ppa-purge ppa:otto-kesselgulasch/gimp


The simplest thing to do would be to simply reinstall, choose "something else", pick the existing / and swap partitions, and leave the boot loader set to install to the default of /dev/sda.


Is there a VPN Monitor/Kill Switch application for Ubuntu?

I had the same setup, and "VPN kill switches" are trickier than one would think.

Following your specification though, which reads as "kill certain apps when the VPN falls", there is a simple solution.

On Ubuntu, the network monitor has callbacks for network events, so that you can write a script to kill the apps you want. Example follows:

Edit /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/50vpndownkillapps.rb:

#!/usr/bin/env ruby

if ARGV == [ 'tun0', 'vpn-down' ]
  `pkill -f transmission`
  `pkill -f deluge`
end

The make it executable: chmod 755 /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/50vpndownkillapps.rb, and enjoy :-)

This script is in Ruby (so it requires ruby), but it can be trivially converted to a shell script.

It also assumes that the VPN adapter is tun0, which is the standard for OpenVPN configurations.


Gnocchi install removes Keystone and another packages of OpenStack Queens on Ubuntu 16.04

I faced a similar issue. Struggled with it a lot for days. Are you trying via pip install?
Anyway, I reinstalled keystone, openstack dashboard to get the system back to it original state. Once that is done, try installing gnocchi via apt install.

If you see gnocchi logs as it installs gnocchi, you will observe that it for some reason removes openstack dashboard, keystone and placement api, also. So, no service was running. That's when I reinstalled dashboard, keystone and placement api by following steps mentioned in stamdard openstack queens guide.


How can I convert audio from MP4 or FLV video files to mp3?

You can do the same in 12.04 by using several software.

Using WinFF

Install winff and libavcodec-extra first

 sudo apt-get install winff libavcodec-extra

Open Winff from dash

Then in Winff window, do these

Add file
Select what catagory to convert (select Audio)
Select Audio file format (mp3)
Type the output folder for converted file

Then click the Convert button. You can also click Options button to file tune the audio format and other options.

Using VLC

Install VLC and "libavcodec-extra" package first

sudo apt-get install vlc libavcodec-extra

Open VLC from dash by pressing Super key and typing "VLC" there

Then from top panel menu, Select Media → Convert/Save.

Then Add file to convert in the new window. Then click Convert button.

In the new window, Select the directory for output file, select the conversion profile (Audio mp3) and click Start button.

Using command line

First install the tools

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg libavcodec-extra libav-tools

If you are using
Use this simple command to extract the audio file

avconv -i /input-file-name-with-path output-filename.mp3

For example to convert the "How fast.ogg" video file into how-fast.mp3 use this command:

avconv -i /usr/share/example-content/Ubuntu_Free_Culture_Showcase/How\ fast.ogg how-fast.mp3

See the manual page for more options and information.

To Just extract audio

Check these answer

https://askubuntu.com/a/234197/61218
ffmpeg to extract audio


How do I double click an .rtf file in file manager to open it with libreoffice?

Right-click an rtf file
Properties
Open With
Select "LibreOffice Writer"
Check "Set as Default"

Done! You may need to killall nautilus; nautilus & exit if it doesn't update the new default right away.

Edit:
Hmm, I just noticed you said this doesn't work. This method worked for me perfectly, so I am not sure, here is another method that might help:

Install (if you don't have it yet) and Open Ubuntu Tweaks
Admins
File Type Manager
Text
"Rich Text Document"
Double-click and select "LibreOffice Writer"
Close

Again you may need to reset nautilus or log in & out to see the changes.


How to install wamps php and mySql on Ubuntu desktop 17.10?

You are trying to install ancient versions of PHP. In 17.10, the default version of PHP is 7.1, and no packages for PHP5 are available. 14.04 supports PHP5, but unless you are hosting an app that needs PHP5, there's zero reason to go with PHP5.

Try the following command, which is basically what you tried, but by not specifying PHP version. This will install PHP7, and apache.

  sudo apt-get install apache2 mysql-server php php-pear php-mysql

If you get any error messages, it may be because the universe repository is not enabled. To enable universe, have a look at this Q&A

You may also want to have a look at this Q&A which walks you trough setting up vhosts and ssl.

Suhosin is no longer under active development and is not available for PHP7 afaik.


How to modify grub.conf for Ubuntu partition


Default keying: How to require password?

The default keyring does not pop up if you leave it password-less. It will pop up ONCE after installing Ubuntu and if you do not enter a password it will stay quiet.

Open "keyrings" from Dash and it will show this when there is no password:

Rightclick "login" and set a password when this shows:

After that you will need to provide a password. Remove the password with the same method to clear it again.


I had the same problem and I believe I solved it with installing the following in the terminal:

sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

and then reboot.


SD card reader detected but SD storage not shown

Use the following steps:

Remove the multi-card card reader from your machine
Cold boot your machine. (shutdown, remove all batteries and power, turn on (which should do nothing, except get rid of the last few electrons) then connect all batteries and power cords and turn on again)
Insert the SD card in your internal SD Card reader, open gparted and re-create a new partition table and re-format the SD Card.
Unmount and eject the SD Card from your internal SD card reader
Insert the SD card in the (still removed!!!) Multi-card reader.
Connect the multi-card reader again.

Done!


Ubuntu is renaming my mount point for a hard drive

Type ntfs-label /dev/sdxx and store this for future reference.
Type ntfs-label /dev/sdxx <new label>.
Type ntfs-label /dev/sdxx <new label> again.

This should work because it overwrites both labels. If this dosen't work you may need to reformat the disk.

If it has nothing on it, just run the following command:

mkfs.ntfs /dev/sdxx

If it does have something on it, run:

cp /mountpoint/ /location/with/enough/space/to/copy/all/the/files/on/another/disk
mkfs.ntfs /dev/sdxx


Ubuntu 19.04 system install and drive used

Can the label you see could be the label of your iso on the USB drive ?
Your swap partition is not in sda1 but in nvme0n1p5_crypt and it looks like your system (encrypted) is in the nvme0n1p5_crypt (with the swap).

To locate your installed system, can you do:

sudo fdisk -l


Ubuntu 14.04 and VMWare: cannot install hgfs

I had this same issue.  I was running VMplayer 6.0.1 which used VMware-Tools-9.6.1.  When I upgraded to VMplayer 6.0.2 with VMware-Tools-9.6.2 the HGFS mounts worked fine again.  Give that a shot.


Is that similar to your situation?

  it appears you are trying to run a 32 bit app with pure 64 bit Wine.
  That won't work. Try the WineHQ Debian package.
  https://wiki.winehq.org/Debian
  https://forum.winehq.org/viewtopic.php?f=8&t=26368


There's really no way to roll back to a previous install. You can download and create a bootable USB, and then replace your 12.10 with a 12.04 LTS install leaving your user data untouched. Of course, 12.04 is different from 12.10, so you'll have to lose the data that makes 12.10 different from 12.04. You would also have to re-install any applications you'd added to the base 12.10, but that's not difficult.

You really need to make a reliable backup of all your user data first, even if the re-install won't touch it, because stuff happens.


How to restart x window (xorg?) when it's dead

From tty1 you can use the following command to restart only the GUI, without rebooting the system:

sudo service lightdm restart

or

sudo service lightdm stop
sudo service lightdm start

Another useful command in this case can be:

xkill  # or xkill -all

(See man xkill to get to know how it works) and you can create a keyboard shortcut for xkill so you don't need to go in tty1 to use it.


Dropping Mouse Events and Unintentional Drag and Drop

I should have tried a wired mouse before I posted this - it appears simply to have been wireless interference with my mouse.  The issue is resolved and was clearly not Unity.


You can use Ubuntu Software Center to uninstall or Open Terminal and execute the following command:

sudo apt-get remove steam steam-launcher

Purge Steam Perfectly with Configuration files with the following:

sudo apt-get purge steam steam-launcher

Never forget to delete its directory located at home folder:

rm -rf ~/.local/share/Steam && rm -rf ~/.steam


Should grub be removed before reinstalling Ubuntu?

No, you shouldn't remove it. Your current GRUB will be simply overwritten.


What if I run a virus/trojan Windows EXE on Ubuntu with Wine?

The news is only slightly better than it is on Windows.  If you run the executable, it can do anything an executable can, up to and including getting whatever data is in your home folder.

The good news is that most Windows viruses aren't (yet) written in a way to work well on Wine.  In some cases you can delete the wine folder and be otherwise unaffected.

The bad news is that a wine executable is an executable in the full Linux sense -- there's nothing stopping it from doing anything a malicious shell script might, including escaping the .wine folder.

Wine has a wiki page on securing Wine here: http://wiki.winehq.org/SecuringWine -- partial measures you can take include things like scanning a file with ClamAV before running it.


How can I upgrade to Kubuntu 19.04 from 18.10?

Upgrading from Ubuntu 18.10

To upgrade on a desktop system:

Open the "Software & Updates" Setting in System Settings.

Select the 3rd Tab called "Updates".
Set the "Notify me of a new Ubuntu version" dropdown menu to "For any new version".
Press Alt+F2 and type in update-manager -c into the command box.
Update Manager should open up and tell you: New distribution release '18.10' is available.
If not you can also use "/usr/lib/ubuntu-release-upgrader/check-new-release-gtk"
Click Upgrade and follow the on-screen instructions.

Good luck.


Autologin with LightDM on Xenial (16.04)

Renaming file /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/12-autologin to /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/12-autologin.conf allow autologin.


The issue is that Vim does not recognize the type of file that you are editing.

For letting vim to treat this file as you expect, you have two options:

Save it with a .sh extension
Set the filetype to sh with :set filetype=sh

Then run gg=G for autoindenting it.

Hope this helps.


Delete lines that come after a line with a specific pattern in Shell

This is very trivial with text processing utilities. For example, using sed:

sed '1,/pattern/!d' file

Meaning, match every line from the first one to the one with pattern and delete all the non-matched lines. So, replace pattern with your pattern. If it contains /, you need to escape those characters. For example, if the pattern is pattern-with/character:

sed '1,/pattern-with\/character/!d' file

To actually edit files (rather than print the edited stream to stdout), you can use the -i flag:

sed -i '1,/pattern/!d' file

You can make a backup of the original file by adding an extension for the old file to -i. Take care here - you must not include a space before the extension.

sed -i.backup '1,/pattern/!d' file

sed takes multiple filename arguments. For example, to act on all the non-hidden files in the current directory you could use:

sed -i '1,/pattern/!d' *


How do I install pybel such that my python environment recognizes it?

Without python-openbabel:

% python
Python 2.7.9 (default, Apr  2 2015, 15:33:21)
[GCC 4.9.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import openbabel
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named openbabel
>>>

% python
Python 2.7.9 (default, Apr  2 2015, 15:33:21)
[GCC 4.9.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pybel
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named pybel
>>>

Install python-openbabel:

sudo apt-get install python-openbabel

Check:

% python
Python 2.7.9 (default, Apr  2 2015, 15:33:21)
[GCC 4.9.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import openbabel
>>>

% python
Python 2.7.9 (default, Apr  2 2015, 15:33:21)
[GCC 4.9.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pybel
>>>


What packages add support for different VPN types to Network Manager?

As far as I know, all the NetworkManager vpn plugins are in packages which match network-manager-*.  For example:

network-manager-pptp - Adds the PPTP VPN plugin.  Included on a default install.
network-manager-openvpn - Adds the OpenVPN VPN plugin.
network-manager-iodine - Adds support for Iodine-based VPNs.  (available in Quantal (12.10) and later)
network-manager-vpnc - Adds the VPNC VPN plugin.
network-manager-openconnect - Adds the OpenConnect VPN plugin.
network-manager-strongswan - Provides a VPN plugin for strongSwan, providing easy access to IKEv2 IPSec VPN's.

These packages should also pull in any required dependencies for each VPN plugin.  (network-manger-openvpn will install the openvpn libraries and dependencies, for example)


Add tags to files and directories on file browser

You can select a file or directory in Files application, right click, and select Properties (shortcut Ctrl+I). On the Basic tab, click on the icon and select an appropriate .png, .jpg etc. file to set a different icon for the file or directory you have selected.


How to make a directory permanently writable?

Numeric permissions can solve your problem.

sudo chmod 775 'your directory'

if you want to know why only 775 here's your answer

400 read by owner
040 read by group
004 read by anybody
200 write by owner
020 write by group
002 write by anybody
100 execute by owner
010 execute by group
001 execute by anybody

 400
+040
+004
+200
+020
+100
+010
+001
=775

It will give all permission except write by anybody.


Ubuntu 12.10 wont boot with the windows installer

I had the same problem. I think it's a windows 8 issue. For me it gave a corrupt bootloader. I think the best option is to install with vmware or virtualbox in Windows.

Or you can choose to install Windows 7 and then install it with the Windows installer.


Oil rush from Software center on other platforms

You should try sending the developers an email asking about it add your proof of purchase and they will probably help you with the problem


How to install Gnome Software Center in Ubuntu Gnome 15.04?

A better way is a build with JHBuild and checkinstall:

sudo apt-get install checkinstall
git clone git://git.gnome.org/jhbuild
cd jhbuild
./autogen.sh
make
sudo checkinstall --pkgversion $(date +%Y%m%d)

From here it is expensive:

~/.local/bin/jhbuild sysdeps --install
~/.local/bin/jhbuild build gnome-software


How to remove an "Unallocated" partition

If the amout of unallocatet space is very small compared to your disk size, it could be that it's smaller then the minium for a partitition. In that case this overhead cannot be used by your system and you would have to rearrange all your partitions to accommodate your unallocated space.

Everything else was said in htorque's comment.


Launchpad PPA supporting multiple versions of Ubuntu

Yes, it is possible, as long as:

The package builds in all targeted series
The series is a supported Ubuntu version in Launchpad

Check out the help on PPAs for more info:

  When building a source package you can specify one of the supported series in your changelog file which are listed at the Launchpad PPA page.


/etc/rc.local runs, as root (so your sudo is useless), at system startup.
This is before you login, and before the X server has been started, so chrome has no display to display on.
This belongs in $HOME/.config/autostart.


Using SFTP with SSH ForceCommand directive

The trick to getting SFTP working is to pass on the SSH command received from the client as-is to the server. I discovered this while testing out what happens when you do scp or sftp for a question on Unix & Linux.

Now, my configuration looks like:

Match Group group1
       ForceCommand /usr/local/bin/ssh_wrapper group1

Match Group="*,!local,!group2,!root"
       ForceCommand /usr/local/bin/ssh_wrapper group3

Where /usr/local/bin/ssh_wrapper is:

#! /bin/sh

/usr/bin/ssh -t -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no $USER@${1:-default}.fqdn $SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND

From a couple of quick tests, sftp and scp work fine with this configuration.


How do I permanently add an identity for SSH?

Generate your key like normal: ssh-keygen, then place that key to the remote server with ssh-copy-id, which will sync it to the remote server's accepted keys.

ssh-keygen
ssh-copy-id user@host

It will prompt for your password then perform all the steps necessary to link your .pub key with the remote SSH server.

By default it will copy all your .pub keys to the remote server. If you just created your key with ssh-keygen then this isn't a problem (because you only have one!). However, if you have multiple keys you can copy just a specific key with the -i flag.

ssh-copy-id -i ~.ssh/key_name.pub user@host

Replacing key_name.pub with the name of the key.


"Simple" gnome applets in Unity - stickynotes

You could have a small gnome-panel running your applet only. See How do I use the GNOME Panel in Unity?


UbuntuGNOME 15.10 64 bit doesn't shut down

Add a specification to your grub commandline option in the /etc/default/grub config file.  This is the option that begins with GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT.

Try adding the following reboot=pci to that line.  The changes would be:

Change from:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

Change to:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash reboot=pci"

After making changes to your grub configuration you will have to run the update command to activate the change:

$ sudo update-grub

(The $ sign is important in the line above.  It's indicating a terminal commandline from the user's prompt.)

There are other reboot flags you can test if that one fails.  The options includes:

warm - don’t set the cold reboot flag
cold - set the cold reboot flag
bios - reboot by jumping through the BIOS (only for X86_32)
smp (reboot by executing reset on BSP or other CPU - only for X86_32)
triple - force a triple fault - init
kbd - use the keyboard controller. cold reset (default)
acpi - use the RESET_REG in the FADT
efi - use efi reset_system runtime service
pci - use the so-called “PCI reset register”, CF9
force - avoid anything that could hang

Also, you can try multiple parameters at the same time such as:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash reboot=warm,cold,bios,smp,triple,kbd,acpi,efi,pci,force"

Other details can be found at:

http://michalorman.com/2013/10/fix-ubuntu-freeze-during-restart


initramfs-tools irqbalance apt-get upgrade error

The apt-get stopped, because of:

Errors were encountered while processing:

irqbalance

initramfs-tools

Further up, you can read:

Setting up irqbalance (1.0.6-2ubuntu0.14.04.1) ...
start: Job failed to start
invoke-rc.d: initscript irqbalance, action "start" failed.

Therefore try either starting or stopping (if it's already started) irqbalance manually before starting the update.
If won't help, try re-installing it: sudo apt-get install --reinstall irqbalance.


IP addr show command displays two ip addresses

Your configurations are not working as expected because wireless interfaces need to be directed to connect to a specific SSID and to provide the WPA2 password. Neither your /etc/network/interfaces nor your netplan configuration do so. Also, your netplan says dhcp4:yes when, in fact, you specify a static IP. You also specify ethernets when wlp58s0 is wireless; it should be wifis.

Frankly, if Network Manager is running, I'd remove the settings altogether from /etc/network/interfaces and return netplan to its usual configuration. That is, rename to file you currently have to: /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml. Then return it to its default wording:

# Let NetworkManager manage all devices on this system
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager

If you wish, instead, to try netplan, and you are running Ubuntu 17.10 or later, then I'd remove all the wlp58s0 settings from /etc/network/interfaces and edit netplan to:

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# For more information, see netplan(5).
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  wifis:
    wlp58s0:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [192.168.178.27/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.178.1
      nameservers:
         addresses: [8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4]
      access-points:
              "your_router":
          password: "your_wpa2_password"

Please note and follow the spacing and indentation. Also note that the SSID and password are in quotes ". Next, run:

sudo netplan apply

Reboot. Any improvement?


Running a service ignores environment variables

"You're doing it wrong". In an upstart job, variables aren't set with export, but with env. So change your declaration to

env NODE_ENV=production

Things should work then.

Do note that upstart jobs are not shell scripts. They follow a declarative syntax. They can contain shell scripts but these have to be enclosed in script..end script (also, see similar syntax for pre-start and post-start scripts).

http://upstart.ubuntu.com/getting-started.html


How to enable php on Apache2 in Xubuntu 16.04

The package you need is libapache2-mod-php7.0 (or more importantly, use libapache2-mod-php, as this will link to the latest PHP version automatically from the repos)

This will install the PHP module and dependencies for it into Apache and your system.  Make sure you have the latest repository data too (sudo apt-get update in the terminal) and any relevant security updates.


How to show only running applications in the Sound Indicator

With dconf-tools (sudo apt-get install dconf-tools), you can edit com>canonical>indicator>sound to your needs.

Simply edit the string "interested media players" and remove those you don't want.

I don't know any other way except forking source to edit this indicator.


Creating executable file with password included in a script

Instead of hard-coding the password (which is completely insecure, and breaks if you ever change it), you should edit the sudoers file and allow sudo gnome-ppp to be run without a password:

First, check if you're in the adm user group:

groups

This should give you a list of your groups; I chose adm, because that includes users who can administer the system. It may be admin in your case; adjust accordingly.

Now find where gnome-ppp lives:

which gnome-ppp

This will give you the full path; in my case, it's /usr/bin/gnome-ppp

sudo visudo

and add the line at the bottom:

%adm ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/gnome-ppp

Save the file; now when you call sudo gnome-ppp, you will not be prompted for a password.


How can I play hotstar videos on my Ubuntu16.04?

Hotstar website is not compatible with Linux/ Ubuntu OS.


The program tallies both files that you do not have read access to. The 59.6 GB probably only refers to the actual amount of data you can READ. The 227.4 GB is the total space used on the hard drive, readable or not.


You are asking a whole lot of questions in one here. I'll try to address them all:

What can you do with the CLI?

In any unix-like system, including Ubuntu and other Linux distributions, the command-line is much more capable than the GUI. The GUI is simply a pretty layer on top. So you can be pretty sure that anything that is possible with the GUI will be possible with a command-line script (though it may be complex to do).

Opening a browser with a script

You can absolutely get a script to open up browser windows (e.g. with xdg-open).

xdg-open https://google.com

Password-protected folder

Locking a folder so it can only be opened with a specific password is trickier. The best way to do this would be to encrypt a folder, using something like cryptkeeper.

Command-line vs GUI access

You are also asking about the difference between the command-line and the graphical interface, and whether it's possible to make something only achievable through the command-line.

This is not really possible, or at least probably not the right way to solve the problem. The command-line and the graphical interface are simply two portals into the same system. In theory you should be able to do pretty much anything through either interface. The only way to make something unachievable through the GUI  is through obfuscation, and that's not ideal.

Access permissions

Instead, you should control access and visibility of files, folders and applications with user accounts and file permissions. This should also take care of your final concern about people being able to edit your scripts.


Don't allow users to change background image and desktop icons?

The background is a setting in gconf-editor: /desktop/gnome/background/

Pessulus enables the system administrator to set mandatory settings in GConf, which apply to all users, restricting what they can do, which may be of particular usefulness for kiosks (internet cafes, for example).
Examples of what can be locked down are the panels (no changes in the panel configuration are allowed, locking their position and their contents), some of their functions individually (disabling screen locking and log out), the web browser (disabling specific protocols, arbitrary URLs, forcing the user to be in fullscreen mode), among many others.

Pessulus  <- click to install.

I do not know Pessulus well enough to know if it also locks themes and iconsets. If not you could delete all the other iconsets if you want to and make the directory non-writable: adding new themes would result in a permissions error.


Budgie: Keyboard shortcut 'show desktop'

The shortcut for this action might be disabled in your keyboard settings.
But you can enable it.

From menu, navigate to Preferences → Settings → Keyboard or search for the "keyboard" keyword from dash.
On the right side you can see all configured keyboard shortcuts.
Scroll down and find the Navigation section and double click on Hide all normal windows.
There, you will be asked to map a key combination to the action. Press WinKey+D, then click Set.
Now you can toggle hiding and showing all windows using that shortcut.


The reason you cannot locate the package alsamixer is because it actually doesn't exist. You have to install the alsa-utils package to get alsamixer. Or, you can install and use pulseaudio instead as a replacement for alsamixer.


Random screen flickering with Minecraft and Intel graphics

Try this simple solution before reinstalling/changing drivers/changing java runtime/settings/etc.

Resize the Minecraft window to be just a little less than fullscreen. This solved the screen flashing problem for me, running Minecraft on Ubuntu.


add path directories for boost installation

you need the following commands:

export INCLUDE="/home/acerv3-571g/boost_1_58_0:$INCLUDE"
export LIBRARY_PATH="/home/acerv3-571g/boost_1_58_0/stage/lib:$LIBRARY_PATH"

you can execute them in a terminal to set these variables in the current terminal session. If you want to make them permanent, you have to add these lines to your .bashrc


"Initramfs unpacking failed: Decoding failed" while trying to boot from live Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS USB

I managed to boot into the installation by enabling the launch of the Compatibility Support Module (CSM) in the UEFI BIOS Utilities.
In the CSM Configuration Boot Device Control was set to Legacy OPROM only and Boot from Network Devices, Boot from Storage Devices, Boot from PCI-E/PCI Expansion Devices were set to Legacy only.
After that, the installation worked perfectly fine.


This is an unfortunate situation for you.  Re-sizing sda1 will not allow you to expand the size of the logical partition, because the space must be contiguous, and there is another partition between sda1 and the extended area.

Both Linux installs can share one swap partition.  When you are setting up the partitions, just tell the installer to use the already existing swap.

Have you considered a 2nd hard drive?


I have Eclipse 3.5.2 on my 64-bit Ubuntu 10.10 box, but I cannot use Eclipse install new software

This is no longer the case if you install from repository.  Tested on 12.04 LTS Beta.

Install Eclipse from repository.
Install the CDT plugin through the Help install software menu.
sudo apt-get install ia32libs
Install the ADT plugin through the Help install software menu.  With this link.
Choose to install the SDKs during the ADT install.


Hi I just needed to export my home folder.

env HOME=/home/ubuntu/
export HOME

And it finds configuration.


Delete extra toolbar on top of the screen in GNOME fallback mode?

Try to install Gnome-Tweak-Tool (Click to install), and go to "Desktop" and then change the "Have file manager handle desktop" to off.

You could install gnome-tweak-tool via Software Center or sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

Hope it helps.


Just mount both images at the same time, there's no real need to unmount the first one.

On a side note: the problem is probably the fact that wine itself is preventing the image to be unmounted, overriding the specific executable's default behavior which wouldn't.


Install pepper flash player for Chromium on an offline PC?

Do this on another computer with Internet connection: How do I make Chromium use Flash from Google Chrome?

Summary:

PC Internet: install Google Chrome
PC Internet: Copy the file to an USB stick
PC NoInternet: Copy the file from the USB stick to: /usr/lib/chromium-browser/plugins/ You need root rights for this (you could use sudo nautilus to open a root file manager)
PC NoInternet: Change Chromium options, as described in the link.

Good luck.


UbuntuOne: What happen if I delete my folder

What happens when you delete a folder that is synced to Ubuntu One is different from what happens when you format your hard drive.

If you delete a folder of a file, when Ubuntu One syncs, it notes what you you have done and does the same thing in the server. Then when you login to another device that is in sync with Ubuntu One, the same information is passed on to that device and the folder is deleted as well.

However, when you format a partition containing Ubuntu One installation and your synced data from a LiveCD or USB, the Ubuntu One client software gets erased and cannot run. Thus, the server doesn't know what has happened to your folder and won't delete it until you reinstall Ubuntu and Ubuntu One and login to your Ubuntu One account. At that point the server may treat your newly formatted computer to be a new computer and Ubuntu One will download all the synced folders and files.


How to enable 2D acceleration (preferably using proprietary graphics driver) on 32bit pae kernel?

After reinstalling graphics driver it only works for the kernel mode (32, 32pae) active when reinstalling. As I usually work with 32pae I'm fine with that.


The order is determined by the collation sequence of your locale.

Ex. in my default locale (which is en_CA.UTF-8)

$ ls -A1
a
.b
c

whereas in the C locale

$ LC_COLLATE=C ls -A1
.b
a
c

(I used -A instead of -a to eliminate the . and .. directories).

Another way to get the order you want might be to use the -v (version sort) option as suggested in Grouping hidden files and directories with ls - although that's not really what it is intended for:

  -v     natural sort of (version) numbers within text

Since ls is almost certainly already aliased inside your .bashrc file, you could simply modify the alias(es) there to include the -v.


Landscape Autopilot install stuck on "Add Juju machine in an LXC on 'the-to-be-networking-machine'" (90%)

Check for DHCP lease exhaustion, in /var/log/syslog on the MAAS server.


You can manually modify the file /etc/lsb-release to revert it to the original:

$ cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=16.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=xenial
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS"

But I think that it would be better for you to understand what's going one with your packages and which one caused the change.


Chromium, such as Chrome, recently dropped support for NPAPI (Netscape Plugin API) plugins, when they introduced their new Pepper Plugin API (PPAPI). So most older plugins don't work any more, including Adobe Flash Player.

To get Flash back, you have to use Google's own Flash Player called Pepper Flash. In Chrome, it's installed automatically. But not in Chromium, since Pepper Flash is a close-source project by Google.

To install Pepper Flash for Chromium, install the package pepperflashplugin-nonfree.

The fact that it works with YouTube is because YouTube doesn't use Flash any more. Where possible, it now uses the HTML5 video tag, and only uses Flash as a fallback for older browsers.


Those are all virtual file systems created by the Linux kernel. They contain device nodes and other directories required for UNIX programs to function properly.

This page looks like a comprehensive guide to the UNIX file system: http://bid.ankara.edu.tr/yardim/linux.install.guide/node116.html


Extremely low volume with AirPods (Ubuntu 19.10)

Andrei Dyomin's answer is subtly wrong; it will technically work, but it will disable all other plugins than a2dp, meaning bluetooth keyboards/mice/gamepads/etc will stop working, when the only plugin causing issues seems to be one called avrcp.
Edit
sudo nano /lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service
and change
ExecStart=/usr/lib/bluetooth/bluetoothd
to
ExecStart=/usr/lib/bluetooth/bluetoothd --noplugin=avrcp
and run
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart bluetooth


Ok, found a bug report:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/wireless-tools/+bug/384920


Can not install Mobile Media Convert on Ubuntu 14.04

The .deb packages requires libavcodec-extra-53, but ubuntu 14.04 has libavcodec-extra-54.

You can download the "mmc-lin-185.zip" package, extract and run the executable from result folder to start the app.


How can I reset installed packages to default state?

For everyone who get here from Google, I wrote the following command that seems to output a list of manually removed packages. It works for me but I don't know if it is correct.

comm -23 \
  <( comm -23 <(gzip -dc /var/log/installer/initial-status.gz | sed -n 's/^Package: //p' | sort -u) <(dpkg -l | grep ^ii | awk -F"[ :]" '{print $3}' | sort -u) ) \
  <( gzip -dc /var/log/installer/initial-status.gz | sed -n 's/^Depends: //p' | awk '{split($0, packages, ", |\| "); for (key in packages) { printf "%s\n", packages[key] } }' | awk '{print $1}' | sort -u )

The second line of the command compare the list of installed packages right after setup and the list of currently installed packages, resulting in a list of preinstalled packages which was removed by user, including dependencies.

The third line output the list of installed dependent packages right after setup.

By comparing output of the second line and the third line, we get a list of packages installed in Ubuntu setup, but later being removed by user, excluding dependencies.

If you have updated Ubuntu since installation, you should use the command below instead, which removes packages uninstalled during system update from output of the above command.

# Fill in Ubuntu version being installed to your computer in the first place
initial_ubuntu_version="19.10"

# Fill in currently installed Ubuntu version
current_ubuntu_version="20.04"

comm -23 \
  <(
    # All removed preinstalled packages, excluding dependencies (same as the command above)
    comm -23 \
      <( comm -23 <(gzip -dc /var/log/installer/initial-status.gz | sed -n 's/^Package: //p' | sort -u) <(dpkg -l | grep ^ii | awk -F"[ :]" '{print $3}' | sort -u) ) \
      <( gzip -dc /var/log/installer/initial-status.gz | sed -n 's/^Depends: //p' | awk '{split($0, packages, ", |\| "); for (key in packages) { printf "%s\n", packages[key] } }' | awk '{print $1}' | sort -u )
  ) \
  <(
    # Packages being removed during system update
    comm -23 \
      <( wget "http://releases.ubuntu.com/$initial_ubuntu_version/ubuntu-$initial_ubuntu_version-desktop-amd64.manifest" -q -O - | cut -f 1 | awk -F"[ :]" '{print $1}' | sort -u ) \
      <( wget "http://releases.ubuntu.com/$current_ubuntu_version/ubuntu-$current_ubuntu_version-desktop-amd64.manifest" -q -O - | cut -f 1 | awk -F"[ :]" '{print $1}' | sort -u )
  )

After running the above command, you can reinstall those packages one by one with sudo apt install [package-name], apt will install dependencies for you automatically.

You can also get a list of manually installed packages with the command below (source) and remove them one by one with sudo apt remove [package-name].

comm -23 <(apt-mark showmanual | sort -u) <(gzip -dc /var/log/installer/initial-status.gz | sed -n 's/^Package: //p' | sort -u)


How can I make a bukkit/spigot minecraft server on ubuntu 14.04

You must first download the MC server.  This location will vary depending on which version you want, but let's assume the main file is mcserver.jar.

In my experience, you must install java:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install default-jre

and then you can start the server by running

java -jar mcserver.jar

Note:  If you have a firewall running, you will likely need to open the correct ports for MC.


How to install *.deb package using Dpkg to specific directory.

dpkg-deb -x $DEBFILE $TARGET_DIRECTORY

# Example
dpkg-deb -x somedeb.deb /home/yung/test

Source


What does "reduce delta to ubuntu" mean?

This is not really about Ubuntu as such but delta is used to mean the distance or difference between two things. Presumably, the log you quote describes changes made in Debian's apt package to make it more similar to changes implemented downstream by the Ubuntu developers.

Delta is used here with this definition (source):

  The set of differences between two versions of a file.


unable to open ubuntu in Oracle VM Virtual box

The error message is self-explanatory. You have configured the CPU of the virtualbox guest as 32 bit while you are trying to install a 64-bit Ubuntu.

To solve this issue either install the 32-bit version of Ubuntu or configure the virtualbox to set the CPU of the guest as 64 bit.

Note that Ubuntu server editions do not come with a 32 bit version now-a-days so if you are trying to install the server edition you should better configure the virtualbox accordingly.


Should I use MAAS and Juju if I only intent to use a single PC?

Yes, for one machine MAAS is absolutely overkill.

However Juju can (as of version 1.18) deploy to any Ubuntu Server with OpenSSH via manual provisioning, we designed this feature for cases like yours where you want to deploy services quickly without needing a cloud:

https://jujucharms.com/docs/stable/clouds-manual

The basic process is you register your machine(s) with Juju via: juju add-machine ssh:10.1.1.2 for example. And then you can deploy services to your one server (preferably in LXC containers to keep them isolated).

If you had racks and racks of machines then MAAS makes sense, if you have one box or a handful of machines then the manual provider is much simpler to get up and running.

See also:

Is juju only for cloud usage?


Remove terminal titlebar on Gnome without compiz

First you'd want to create a new profile ibn your terminal with File>New Profile.

Under Edit>Profile preferences you can change the title.

Also read this and this that would help you personalize your ubuntu experience. Good luck with 12.10!

Shortcut key for terminal, in case you already didn't know it:

Ctrl+Alt+T


`Share` and `Details` tabs missing on Kubuntu

It's been a while since I've used KDE but that tab should come from the

kdenetwork-filesharing

package. Try installing or reinstalling it.

But if you already created some shares using it in the past they should still be valid, Run this command to see the share definitions:

net usershare info --long

nautilus-share is the gnome equivalent to this package and I'm guessing it would pull in Nautilus which I suspect you would not want.


run ap-hotspot commands from a saved file

Try with following content in script (.sh)

#!/bin/bash
sudo /bin/bash -c "ap-hotspot start"

Make it a script by executing chmod +x filename.sh

and run it if you are in parent folder ./filename.sh or full path.


How To Install D-Link DWM-156 3G Modem Ubuntu 13.04

Your .deb file must work. It is rare in your case that it does not works.

In that sense, just use NetworkManager (nm) to connect your modem over mobile broad band which is the default.

Eject the driver cd of your modem as soon as you plug in the modem from the terminal or DISKS. thats all your modem will be seen in the nm after 10s as new connection.
Configure it & use it.

Cou can also make this automatic using usb mode switch. You just need to add your device id to it.


Port 515/tcp is the line printer spooler port. You could run a print spooler to listen to port 515, but....

The modern, Ubuntu way is to use CUPS (Common Unix Printing System), which listens to the Internet Printing Protocol on port 631/tcp. Read man cups. Administer CUPS with a browser pointer to http://localhost:631

And, an easier way to see what's listening (or not) to a port is with lsof (and you get more information):

$ sudo lsof -i tcp:515 -i tcp:631
[sudo] password for w3:
COMMAND   PID USER   FD   TYPE  DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
cupsd   17693 root   10u  IPv4 4833522      0t0  TCP *:ipp (LISTEN)
cupsd   17693 root   11u  IPv6 4833523      0t0  TCP *:ipp (LISTEN)


No, purging Nvidia driver from Ubuntu doesn't purge it from windows.

Although you are dual booting, Ubuntu and windows, they both are separate entities, in separate partitions.


No microphone input - VIZIO CT15-A5 and 12.04 LTS (64)

I had the exact same problem with the same laptop, and pretty much tried all of the standard fixes I could find for this type of issue. So I just wanted to comment here and say that installing this version of alsa fixed the problem for me. I'm assuming that means this will be included in the standard repos very soon, but just in case anyone is still in need of this.


Internet connection went off during an apt upgrade

killing it is usually fine, and certainly so if it's just at the Y/n prompt and has not started actually installing packages. At worst you'll need to run apt-get -f install and/or dpkg --configure -a a couple times.


Pleaes follow this link (http://www.crappy3.com/how-to-install-ubuntu-14-04-on-a-pc-having-windows-8-1/) and you should be able to do it yourself.


How to install a PPTP VPN without a localip?

You can just use the servers real external IP as its localip for the VPN.

If you think that won't work, or if it doesn't seem to be working, please clarify your question.  Maybe add a diagram of how you want it set up.


Ubuntu 20.04 no longer boots on Dell XPS 2019: grub sees the vnme disk, but the kernel doesn't

Switching the disk mode to AHCI fixed the issue.
It required some recklessness, on my part, as switching modes brings up a scary message about this change potentially requiring a reinstall.
I have no idea how my machine got into that state, so I decided to blame Windows.


You can paste this on terminal to do the change:
xmodmap -e 'keycode 108 = Control_R' && xmodmap -e 'add Control = Control_R'

and this to undo:
xmodmap -e 'keycode 108 = ISO_Level3_Shift NoSymbol ISO_Level3_Shift'

Also you can check the manuals of "xev" and "xmodmap" for more information.


Are those temperatures high for my computer?

An Intel Core i7 process has 4 physical cores. core0 through core3 are the temperatures of each of these physical cores. The temperatures seem perfectly within normal operating range. According to the Intel ARK page for your i7-2670QM processor, 48C is well within accepted parameters (max 100C).

Temp1 and Temp2 are typically temperature measurements at another point on your computer's motherboard. Exactly where these temperatures are taken on your particular system can vary from manufacturer to manufacturer but it is often taken from the northbridge, southbridge or CPU socket. Since the temperature of Temp1 and Temp2 are the same in the image you've provided as the temperature of the CPU cores, I would suspect that these are taken on the CPU socket and another location very nearby, possibly overall CPU temperature (all 4 cores together). This would indicate that, again, 48C is well within acceptable parameters.


For the benefit of others, here is one scenario where this problem occurred for me: using the latest Jenkins docker repository, which is based on Debian 8 "jessie".

I ran the normal mono install instructions, including

apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 3FA7E0328081BFF6A14DA29AA6A19B38D3D831EF
echo "deb http://download.mono-project.com/repo/debian wheezy main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mono-xamarin.list

Then the apt-get install -y mono-devel was failing with unmet dependencies.

I tried reloading the docker image and running the install without the two commands above. Suddenly it worked.

Apparently the standard third party repository for mono isn't needed with the latest (as of March 30 2016) jenkins image.


Ubuntu 18.04 Can't boot: Create Volatile files and Directories hangs

Solved, the problem was that I didn't clear /tmp correctly, and there were something like 1 million directories (pwntool disasm function creates a directory in /tmp, the more you know..). I booted ubuntu live from usb, mounted the filesystem, renamed tmp to tmp2, created tmp, booted normally and deleted tmp2 (took something like 2 hours..).


How do I install the drivers for my Canon PC-D320 printer?

Need to use Canon printer driver daily PPA in higher versions from Ubuntu 12.04

sudo apt-get install libxml2:i386

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:michael-gruz/canon-trunk

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install cndrvcups-common cnijfilter-common scangearmp-common


You may find it easier to add .rsync-filter files in your source directories, and use the -F option.

From the man page:

  -F : The  -F  option is a shorthand [...] for this rule:

 --filter='dir-merge /.rsync-filter'

  This tells rsync to look for per-directory .rsync-filter files
  that have been sprinkled through the hierarchy and use their
  rules to filter the files in the transfer.

For example: in $HOME/Documents/.rsync-filter

# you can add comments in filter files

- /another/
- /temp/

Instead of -, you can also write the whole word exclude.

Now you can

rsync -aAX -F $HOME/Documents/ $HOME/Backups/TEST/


Hold download in wget till my connection is established

I think the best thing to do would be to write a script which pinged the url until it was available and then launched your command when the link came up. The script could use a while loop for the ping command, and when the url was available, the loop could be broken and your command would be run. There are some good scripts here, which could be adapted and which explain the process in detail.

Good news, I have just tested the script below by going off-line and then coming back on again and it gives me a copy of ttytter.pl in my tmp folder and launches the program!

#!/bin/bash
while true; do ping -c1 www.floodgap.com > /dev/null && break; done
wget http://www.floodgap.com/software/ttytter/dist2/2.0.02.txt -O /tmp/ttytter.pl && perl /tmp/ttytter.pl -hold done

Once you have saved this script and made it executable, you can simply add it as a startup item using the graphical startup manager (but remember to check the option to run as an application in the terminal). Alternatively, put this command in the appropriate area of the box provided by the startup manager: gnome-terminal -e /location/of/above/script

If you have any problems with placing the script in startup, you can create a launcher for it, select to run it as an application in the terminal, then pin it to your panel or desktop. Then click the launcher after you login and it will wait until the connection is established and will then download and launch ttytter.


adding subdomain to apache2 with a2ensite causes error: ERROR: Site domain.com does not exist!

The config files need to be under /etc/apache2/sites-available. Then, when you do a2ensite, it will symlink those files to /etc/apache2/sites-enabled. You shouldn't need to touch sites-available manually.


The undo shortcut is actually Ctrl+Z. The Ctrl+Shift+Z shortcut is for the "redo undo" feature. To see a list off all the file editing shortcuts see the online reference or from within gedit press F1 to access help screen and select Shortcut Keys option:

Finally I don't see a way of changing these settings but if you do you will need to ensure you find the right keys you are mapping from and ensure the keys you are mapping to aren't already assigned for a different purpose. For example Ctrl+U is already assigned to convert the highlighted text to all upper-case characters.


Well, after 2 weeks of trying countless suggestions on various forums I only succeeded in making it worse - losing all sound and the speaker icon off the top bar. Finally, on the point of reinstalling Ubuntu from scratch, I tried

sudo apt-get install unity

It didn't appear to do anything, at least according to the terminal response, but as if by magic, all my sound problems were solved. I now get system event sounds without the first bit being cut off, sound from YouTube, audio players etc. (all via HDMI). Hope this helps some other poor desperate soul.


Make Ubuntu USB's from Image Files.
If you are working in Windows, you can use Etcher, Rufus, YUMI, Win32DiskImager, UNetbootin, Universal and Ventoy. Etcher and Win32DiskImager will flash an image to an ISO9660 USB. Ventoy will boot the ISO file directly, and the others will extract the image to a file system.
If you are working in Ubuntu, you can use Etcher, Gnome-Disks, mkusb, UNetbootin, dd and Startup Disk Creator. all of these will flash an image to an ISO9660 USB. mkusb will give you the most control, allowing a persistent partition and a data partition if you want.
Most Ubuntu ISO files can be booted directly using the GRUB2 bootloader. This can be done using Ventoy or the mkusb GRUB Template Image, see BIOS/UEFI Template Image for Booting ISO Files
If you want to create your own Live/Persistent USB from scratch in Linux see: Simple Hand Made Persistent USB that Boots either BIOS or UEFI


Protect local copy of file from server-side deletion

One solution would be to use symlinks.

ln -s FolderToSave ~/Dropbox/

With that solution, only one computer has all rights on the file. Access through the website or desktop client installed on another computer only gives read only access to the original copy of the files.

The files may be removed from the dropbox by deleting the folder but they will stay on your main computer where only the symlink has been removed.

This is not the best solution but it offers a quick fix.


No screens found with usable configuration (Live-CD), boot-repair CLI

I have faced a similar problem.  I only recently updated my packages, so it could be related.  I fixed it with a full purge and reinstall of the nvidia drivers:

sudo apt-get -y purge --auto-remove nvidia.*
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install nvidia-current-updates nvidia-settings-updates

Worth a try.  Probably remove any /etc/X11/xorg.conf if you have one of those.

HTH


Download file from list and assigning different names

You cannot rename the files while downloading them. wget will preserve the directory structure, and you may rename the files to your desired naming convention later. Read man wget (or https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/bionic/en/man1/wget.1.html )


HIgh cpu usage for Compiz process on ubuntu 14.04

It's easy to disable visual effects. Open Preferences > Appearance, click on the Visual Effects tab. Select None and you're good to go ;)


External drive hanging, load average through the roof

I did an hdparm -S 0 and it seems to have fixed the problem.  At least I think so - it's been 24 hours with no freezeups.

update 48 hours later and it froze up again.


Updating to 3.19.0-65 broke my Nvidia drivers, reverting back to 3.19.0-64 broke my system

Found this..

"... my kernel was skipped so I manually upgraded/installed linux-image-3.16.0-24-generic. It turns out most of the drivers you need live in linux-image-extra-3.16.0-24-generic and you'll need the headers too."

Use your working kernel & run the command below *(I believe you'll need to change the kernel version #'s to yours):

sudo apt-get install linux-image-extra-3.16.0-24-generic linux-headers-3.16.0-24-generic

source: askubuntu - "No user input after upgrading to ubuntu 14.10 with linux kernel 3.16"

I think you ought to temporarily install nouveau/xserver until you find a way to successfully achieve what you initially had planned, or...

(14.04+) ..If you want to try the newest method for installing Nvidia drivers using 'graphics-drivers' PPA, then see below. It may be a bit risky.

Installing the recommended Nvidia driver from PPA

Add the 'graphics-drivers' PPA with these commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update

Autoinstall the recommended driver with:

sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

Now reboot with:

sudo reboot

If the recommended driver does not work for you, try installing a different Nvidia driver.

(See below)

Installing other Nvidia drivers from PPA

Add the 'graphics-drivers' PPA with:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update

Purge existing Nvidia packages you have installed (if any):

sudo apt-get purge Nvidia*

Check available drivers for your system with this command:

ubuntu-drivers devices

Install the recommended driver:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-361

Lastly, reboot with:

sudo reboot

source: askubuntu - "Ubuntu 14.04 install nVidia driver"


After booting up windows 10 once, grub wont show up

Simply putting this into the windows cmd as admin fixed it, thats all!

  bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi


No keyboard after rebooting 14.04 for updates

Try to hit Esc right after turning on your computer (when BIOS messages appear). Then you may get a GRUB menu where you can select the older kernel to bool.

If that boots successfully, you have a workaround. (And that would mean the problem is caused by a kernel update, which is what happened to me.)


Where are the Ubuntu Software Center configuration files?

This is an answer to the question about where configuration files relevant to the Software Center are stored. I encourage other users to post answers about what could be causing the specific syncing problem that the OP is experiencing ...or perhaps that should be posted as a separate question. Or, even better, reported as a bug.

User-Specific Configuration Files for the Software Center

The Software Center stores per-user configuration files here:

~/.config/software-center

In that path, ~ represents your home directory.

Running cd ~/.config; rm -r software-center removes that directory, and then the Software Center creates a new, default configuration for your user account. If the problem is in the user-specific configuration of Software Center itself, that should have taken care of it.

  And my ~/.config/software-center/softwarecenter.cfg file looks like
  this. Should it?

[general]
maximized = False
size = 871, 536
add_to_launcher = True
recommender_uuid =
recommender_profile_id =

That looks normal to me. It is identical to mine (except mine has different size values, probably because we run different screen resolutions or use window managers; anyway the size field is irrelevant to any syncing or other package management problems).

Global Configuration Files for the Software Center

Applications's global (i.e., systemwide) configuration files are stored in /etc. The Software Center does not use any such configuration files.

Other Utilities' Configuration Files, Relevant to the Software Center

There are other, lower-level package management utilities on your system, which are relevant to the Software Center. Problems with the Software Center, especially if they occur when using other package management utilities, may not be specific to the Software Center.

In particular, there is the command-line package management system APT.

APT's systemwide configuration files are in /etc/apt. You should not manually remove those files.
APT keeps cached .deb packages and information about them in /var/cache/apt. (If you want, you can delete those with sudo apt-get clean or just the ones unlikely to be needed with sudo apt-get autoclean.)
APT keeps logs in /var/log/apt. There is no need to remove them--doing so never fixes anything broken, and they are automatically rotated. (That is, they are automatically renamed when they get big or old enough, compressed, and eventually deleted when very old.)
All these files are used or produced, directly or indirectly, by the Software Center also, which is in effect a graphical frontend for the APT system of package management.

At an even lower level, APT and the Software Center use dpkg to do the actual installation and removal of packages and obtain information about what versions of packages are installed and what files belong to what installed packages.

dpkg has systemwide configuration files in /etc/dpkg. You should not manually remove those files.
dpkg keeps logs in /var/log/dpkg. Like APT's logs, you needn't ever remove these, as they are automatically rotated. Also like APT's logs, you can sometimes glean information about problems by looking at them.
Like with APT, dpkg is used by the Software Center and its configuration relates directly to whether or not--and how--the Software Center will function.

There are other services related to package management that run in the background, for example, to optimize the availability or usability of information about installed packages (apt-xapian-index), or to allow users to perform some package management actions as non-administrative tasks (aptdaemon). However, these are significantly less likely to be causing any problems you might see in the Software Center, so I have not detailed the locations of their configuration and log files here.


Is there an application for HR Management in ubuntu?

You could find many applications that serve your needs. The most known are:

1- OrangeHRM

It is the world's most popular and used open source human resource management software.

The open source OrangeHRM product suite includes an array of modules that provide personal information management (PIM), employee self-service (ESS), leave management, time and attendance tracking (PTO), performance evaluation and recruitment, all at no cost.

Today OrangeHRM is being used by over a million users around the world, while larger multinationals have used the open source version and customized the system to meet their human resource management standards & requirements.

Features Include:

Personal Information Management
AdancedLeave Management
Time & Attendance Tracking
Employee Performance Management
Recruitment
Advanced Reporting

To know more about its features check this.

You can download from here

2- ICeHRM

ICeHRM is a free and open source web based Human Resource Management system developed targeting small and medium sized companies to restructure their HRM process around it.

With a rich AJAX user interface, ICeHRM gives the user an experience similar to using a desktop application.

Features include:

Administration: define departments, job titles, pay grades, education information
and other master data
Employee Information management - contains information about employee
Leave Management - allows HR Managers to define leave types, leave
quota for each employee, working days and special holidays
Attendance and Time Tracking - allows HR Managers and Supervisors to
monitor punch in/out times for employees and manage timesheets.
Employees can use this module to submit daily punch in/out times and
timesheets
Timesheet submission
Punch In/Out time submission
Store project and customer information
Store employee pictures
Automated installation
Language support for English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Arabic,
Russian and Indonesian

you can download it from here

3-LATRIX

The LATRIX is an Human Resource support web application.

This software provides presence and attendance recording, attendance tracking, paperless leave applications (with freely definable leave types), block periods, a fire register and extensive reporting options.

The LATRIX was developed in close cooperation with a real company that has between 50 and 100 employees. This company still uses the LATRIX every day.

Features include:

Records presence of people
Print barcoded ID cards for staff (there is a report for this) and
once you have set up a PC with an internet connection and a barcode
scanner, they simply scan the barcode when the arrive at the company
and when they leave
Records attendance at work for staff
Employees can indicate to the system whether they are starting or
stopping work,
going on a break or coming back or whether they are transferring
between sites
Reduces HR administration work load
Multiple locations
Multiple time zones
Automates employee requests for leave
Public holidays
Block periods, where no annual leave can be taken or when leave
applications have to be escalated to the next level of management for
Handles shifts and shift patterns
Organization structure
Reduces paper work
Powerful reports
Empowers staff
Enforces work flow

you can download from here.

You can also take a look on WaypointHR.


It probably gives an error because htdocs is changeable only by root and you are trying to save a file. There are two options, either you save and edit your files as a superuser from the command line or change the permissions for htdocs folder. I prefer the second one, you can google ways to change permissions on a file and find the most suitable one for you.


Can't install Ubuntu Touch on BQ Aquaris M10

Hej, I have received the Ubuntu version, but wanted to try out the difference with Android. I have been flashing back and forth with no problems. But it seems you need to use the MediaTek Flash tool (http://spflashtool.com), and the Ubuntu image for the M10 you can get from "http://www.mibqyyo.com/en-download/". If you google for "bq has released the MediaTek" the first hit will direct you to someone that has used the tool to flash his E4.5 from Ubuntu Touch to Android, but I found it works both ways for the M10. Now I just want Dual Boot to work...
I guess the first comment is more correct... you should get what you paid for, considering the Android version is cheaper.


This happens to me from time to time and it's because my secondary monitor is bigger than the main one. Rhythmbox seems to preffer wide spaces...
My solution:

Unmaximize rhythmbox.
Move it to the primary monitor.
Resize the window until it's smaller than the monitor size.
Pres the maximize button (or drag rhythmbox to the top bar so it maximizes.


My pc is booting in to emergency mode: failed to mount /media/cdrom

This happen because your system, for some reason, attached /dev/sr0 to the /etc/fstab file. You need to disable this entry.

Boot your computer by recovery mode and go to root option;
type mount -o remount, rw / to allow write-permissions to / folder;
Edit /etc/fstab and comment line that references to /dev/sr0;
Save this file and reboot your system.


To change the owner and group of a file/directory (non-recursively) to root, you simply type

sudo chown root:root /PATH/TO/FILE_OR_DIRECTORY

Note that chown must be run with root privileges (therefore the use of sudo).

Whether it is a good idea in your case to change the owner of that directory to root or not (or something else) depends on what its purpose is and who user 999 is, if it exists.

Some light on this question could be shed by the output of

grep '^\w*:\w*:999' /etc/passwd


How can I assign a keyboard shortcut to the 'clear' option in the messaging menu?

Try this (tested only in 12.04):

Open keyboard settings through the dash
Go to the shortcuts tab
Add a custom shortcut for this command: gdbus call --session --dest com.canonical.indicator.messages --object-path /com/canonical/indicator/messages/service --method com.canonical.indicator.messages.service.ClearAttention
Click on the text "Disabled" and press your desired keys


Ubuntu drains battery very fast on 16.04

Install tlp (with commandsudo apt-get install tlp), then under Tunables tab at powertop most parameters should switch to "Good" once the laptop is unplugged (use r to refresh powertop).
Open Software & Updates and at the Additional Drivers tab select the proprietary gpu driver if it is available. Also intel-microcode may be a good option if it is also available.


Is any RDP client can be used in Ubuntu 14.04 that can access Windows Server 2012?

I solved it by reinstalling the latest version of Remmina.


All right, so blacklisting the sound related modules worked. Thanks to this post:

http://www.pc-freak.net/blog/disabling-sound-kernel-modules-debian-ubuntu-gnu-linux-servers/

The details of the fix:

edit /etc/modprobe.d/snd-blacklist.conf and add these entries (from a Dell standalone pc with 18.04)

blacklist soundcore
blacklist snd
blacklist snd_pcm
blacklist snd_hda_codec_hdmi
blacklist snd_hda_codec_realtek
blacklist snd_hda_codec_generic
blacklist snd_hda_intel
blacklist snd_hda_codec
blacklist snd_hda_core
blacklist snd_hwdep
blacklist snd_timer


Tool for File Recover | Deleted Files Recovery

The problem with deleted files is that they no longer have inodes and a lot of the data about the filename and how they're linked together is lost. It's not like in windows where the filesystem just renames the file.

There are ways to do it, you can follow some of the guides here:

http://e2undel.sourceforge.net/recovery-howto.html

They show you some of the tools which use heuristics and guessing to put data back together.


Why it is hard for virus to crack Linux file system although it is so open?

Infecting Linux with virus is not hard at all, any file can harm you, for example, launching .jar (java) files can infect and give control to attacker on your system, .sh (shell) files can give attacker ability to execute commands on your system, saying Linux is better than windows because windows have viruses is non-sense
There is few reasons what makes Linux more "protected"

Windows users is more than Linux users, that makes windows main target, statistics says that less then 1% uses Linux as main operating system, so that makes Linux less interesting.

infecting Linux is not enough to do anything on system, Linux have security policies and strict privilege basis, and ubuntu and other Linux systems patch vulnerabilities quickly that might attacker use to escape privileges of current user. and experienced user doesn't run files with root user unless it's not necessary.

it's more easy to spread virus in windows, windows runs tons of services and processes which virus can use to inject itself in that process/service, also in windows, just clicking on yes is enough on simple dialog is enough to get full privileged access,

Linux does not encourage 'automatic' actions, and automatic actions are biggest help to virus writers. For example, in DOS or Windows, a file having .exe extension ‘automatically’ gets right to execute. In Linux, you need to change the attribute of file to get executable permission.


Ubuntu is "starting" and "finishing" stuff during boot-up

Ubuntu is not a drop-in replacement for Windows. It's different. It works differently. It boots differently.
Your question seems to boil down to "is this difference okay?" If your system boots to a working desktop, then the difference is okay.
As a new user, you are going to encounter LOTS of differences. Embrace the changes.