How to save the contents of unlogged console screen to a file?

TTYs use "virtual console memory" devices to buffer their screen content. You can read more about them in man vcs but this will let you get what is on the screen at the current moment.

In practise these are just numbered files in /dev/ that line up with the TTY number. Here's an example I did with TTY2:

$ sudo fold -w$(stty -F /dev/tty2 size | awk '{print $2}') /dev/vcs2

Ubuntu 14.04 LTS bert tty2

bert login: oli
Password:
oli@bert:~$ cd test
oli@bert:~/test$ ls
Madonna - 10 - Bedtime Story.mp3  output_MP3WRAP.mp3
Madonna - 11 - Take A Bow.mp3
oli@bert:~/test$

The fold -w$(...) there is because the buffered output doesn't appear to have the control characters or newlines I would expect. This simply adds \n at the end of every line.

As TuKsn points out in the comments, you don't have to mess around with all this, you can achieve exactly the same with:

sudo screendump 2

You can stick > tty.log on the end of either command to write the output to a file called tty.log in the current directory:

sudo screendump 2 > tty.log

Again, this will only get you what is on the screen. Even if you increase the scrollback buffer in TTYs, this isn't stored in accessible memory. You can alter that but that involves recompiling the kernel.

That would involve rebooting and losing the current screen so if you can do that there are much easier options for logging future IO, like screen or tmux or just script.


Installing Ubuntu on a 3 terabyte drive with 2 terabytes allocated to Windows 7

The installation process is similar to ordinary installation process . At the time of installation before selecting partitions it will ask you for what kind of installation you wanna do with some options . so you can choose manual setup(the last one).then select the space you want to give . but 750 GB means very huge man . 30-40 GB is more than enough . so just take the part and give the remaining space to some other partition . one more thing is its always better to have /home as separate one to save your data .


The drive in which I had pasted the ADT bundle was formatted in NTFS format so for the file to work , I had to use it from the drive which was formatted in ext4 format i.e. the home directory


it seems a problem related to Nautilus, Restart nautilus to fix it. easiest way to do this is to open file explorer


Need some advise on pitching Ubuntu SBS and desktops for my company

No viruses
Updates arrive faster, and cause less problem to the system.
Free software from software center.
More stable
Less memory footprint ( Older machines also supported)
Less installed size (Win7 requires 16 GB without Office!)
Working Out of the Box (no need to mess with drivers)
Fix release schedules, upgrades can be planned.
Updates don't require always restart.
Ask Ubuntu, if they need any help.


Guess when mouse goes closer to launcher to auto-unhide it

I realize this isn't exactly the answer you want, but perhaps this approach will improve your experience. If you don't mind it appearing when you don't intend it to you could simply turn the auto-hide feature off by flipping the toggle shown as on in the picture below to off.

Another thing you could try to make the launcher more responsive would be to turn the Reveal sensitivity all the way up as shown below.


TP Link TN-8200ND recognized but can't connect to network

Return it to the store, because the manufacturer's driver does not support connections to WiFi networks. I have the same situation.


How to update USNs without upgrading versions?

The Ubuntu Security Team already did the work for you.

The Security Team patches only the vulnerability in the CVE/USN. They do not upgrade anything else. They do not patch non-security bugs. They do not increment the upstream version to fix a vuln.

The patched packages are uploaded to the -security pocket. For 16.04, that's xenial-security. Simply enable that repository in your Software & Upgrades control panel (or /etc/apt.sources.list)

Version numbers: If the original package version is something like "Foo 3.2.4", then the new upload from the Ubuntu Security Team will be something like "Foo 3.2.4~Ubuntu0", so that apt will interpret the change as an upgrade and pull in the new package.

For more information on how that Ubuntu Security Team works, check out the Ubuntu Security Team Wiki. The Ubuntu Security Podcast can also be a handy learning tool.


Most of Ubuntu is free software (meaning not just that you don't have to pay for it, but also that you can distribute it, study its source, and modify it).

However Ubuntu also includes a small amount of non-free software, in separate components: restricted (non-free, supported) and multiverse (non-free, not supported). These are programs that may be distributed over the Internet at no charge, but have restrictions that make them non-free. A prime example is drivers for devices which do not have fully-featured free drivers.

You can tell a package is non-free because it's from the restricted or multiverse repository. In Synaptic, check the “Section” in the ”Common” tab of the package properties. Exactly what restrictions are on the package has to be determined on a case-by-case basis. Most can be used and redistributed by anyone, but modifications are not allowed and the source code may not be available. A few, such as rar, have restrictions even on use. Once the package is installed, you can always find its license in /usr/share/doc/$packagename/copyright. On packages.ubuntu.com, check the “Copyright File” link in the right-hand column.


gnome tweaks all greyed out and not appearing in top bar

In the Tweaks app, just slide the slide switch that's showing in the top of the Tweaks window, to the right.

Note: run the 5.3.5-050305-generic kernel at your own risk.


Trying to install Phatch getting dependency issues regarding blender, try to install blender more dependency issues

Install the phatch package from the 11.04 repository, that's the most current one (0.2.7.1-1).

Some of the packages are too old for 11.04 but look like they are for 10.04, e.g. libavdevice-extra-52 and libavformat-extra-52.

Maybe you don't have the multiverse channel enabled and the packages are still there from before you upgraded an older version.

If you type

 apt-cache policy libavdevice-extra-52

in a Terminal window that tells you where the package is from.


Youtube livestreams not playing in Firefox 77.0.1 Ubuntu 20.04

So, I was having the same problem as you. I first tried installing Chrome, as walttheboss suggested. I could watch a YouTube livestream in Chrome, but it didn't change Firefox's problem.
I then installed ubuntu-restricted-extras and it worked. I'm really a beginner in Ubuntu so I can't really pin down why exactly it works for me. From what I've gathered reading older questions about YouTube not working in Firefox,it might have something to do with FFmpeg (I'm not even sure what that is -- a software? a set of softwares? if someone could direct me to where I can learn about that, I'd be grateful).
Anyway, try installing ubuntu-restricted-extras and see if it works there.


Which Programs Are Included In The LiveCD That Are Removed Upon Installation?

I think it has something to do with some voodoo with ubuntu seeds (can some one who knows more elaborate please.. I'd like to know too ;) ) The installer seed defines what packages are needed for installation but removed later. However I don't know whether this has become obsolete as it seems to be last updated at the time of gutsy gibbon.

At the time of installation the the full list of packages to be removed is found in the file iso/casper/filesystem.manifest-remove

The data from the trusty iso:

apt-clone
archdetect-deb
btrfs-tools
casper
cifs-utils
cryptsetup
cryptsetup-bin
dmraid
dpkg-repack
ecryptfs-utils
firefox-locale-en
firefox-locale-es
firefox-locale-zh-hans
gir1.2-json-1.0
gir1.2-timezonemap-1.0
gir1.2-xkl-1.0
gparted
jfsutils
keyutils
kpartx
kpartx-boot
language-pack-en
language-pack-en-base
language-pack-es
language-pack-es-base
language-pack-gnome-en
language-pack-gnome-en-base
language-pack-gnome-es
language-pack-gnome-es-base
language-pack-gnome-zh-hans
language-pack-gnome-zh-hans-base
language-pack-zh-hans
language-pack-zh-hans-base
libcryptsetup4
libdebian-installer4:amd64
libdevmapper-event1.02.1:amd64
libdmraid1.0.0.rc16
libecryptfs0
libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a:amd64
libnss3-1d:amd64
linux-signed-generic
linux-signed-image-3.13.0-14-generic
linux-signed-image-generic
localechooser-data
lupin-casper
lvm2
metacity
python3-icu
python3-pam
rdate
reiserfsprogs
sbsigntool
ubiquity
ubiquity-casper
ubiquity-frontend-gtk
ubiquity-plugin-ubuntuone
ubiquity-slideshow-ubuntu
ubiquity-ubuntu-artwork
user-setup
watershed
xfsprogs


If you had just installed wubi.exe it want help.
It just help to boot you to boot your Ubuntu.
You will need separate USB-flash stick or burned Cd of Ubuntu ISO to boot you further.


Use variable from one file to another file

You need to source. (I assume that both files are in the same location)
In test2.sh add . test1.sh


Don't frustrate yourself trying to get iTunes running in Wine or PlayOnLinux.

Install virtualbox-5.1, install a current Windows guest OS, and install iTunes in that Windows guest OS.

You'll be much happier.


How can I dual boot 2 linux distros( Ubuntu and another) Keeping One as my primary and constantly change the second?

You can install Grub Customizer to easily configurate your GRUB, there is a link to a guide about installing and using grub customizer:
Grub Customizer in Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial Xerus


Sorry about that.
Can you run snap connect mumble:audio-record and test to see if that fixes it.


How do I forward emails in thunderbird in a format other than .eml?

The default forward method in Thunderbird is inline. To change back to the default, open the Thunderbird Preferences, and go to the Composition page, General tab and set Forward messages to inline.

To just forward the current email as inline and leave the default, use "Message->Forward As->Inline"


How to set nano default syntax highlighting for files with no extension?

You can define this by yourself. Here is a good example from Arch Linux Forums.
Copy the following code and save it in /usr/share/nano/ as conf.nanorc
# config file highlighting

syntax "conf" "(\.(conf|config|cfg|cnf|rc|lst|list|defs|ini|desktop|mime|types|preset|cache|seat|service|htaccess)$|(^|/)(\w*crontab|mirrorlist|group|hosts|passwd|rpc|netconfig|shadow|fstab|inittab|inputrc|protocols|sudoers)$|conf.d/|.config/)"

# default text
color magenta "^.*$"
# special values
icolor brightblue "(^|\s|=)(default|true|false|on|off|yes|no)(\s|$)"
# keys
icolor cyan "^\s*(set\s+)?[A-Z0-9_\/\.\%\@+-]+\s*([:]|\>)"
# commands
color blue "^\s*set\s+\<"
# punctuation
color blue "[.]"
# numbers
color red "(^|\s|[[/:|<>(){}=,]|\])[-+]?[0-9](\.?[0-9])*%?($|\>)"
# keys
icolor cyan "^\s*(\$if )?([A-Z0-9_\/\.\%\@+-]|\s)+="
# punctuation
color blue "/"
color brightwhite "(\]|[()<>[{},;:=])"
color brightwhite "(^|\[|\{|\:)\s*-(\s|$)"
# section headings
icolor brightyellow "^\s*(\[([A-Z0-9_\.-]|\s)+\])+\s*$"
color brightcyan "^\s*((Sub)?Section\s*(=|\>)|End(Sub)?Section\s*$)"
color brightcyan "^\s*\$(end)?if(\s|$)"
# URLs
icolor green "\b(([A-Z]+://|www[.])[A-Z0-9/:#?&$=_\.\-]+)(\b|$| )"
# XML-like tags
icolor brightcyan "</?\w+((\s*\w+\s*=)?\s*("[^"]*"|'[^']*'|!?[A-Z0-9_:/]))*(\s*/)?>"
# strings
color yellow "\"(\\.|[^"])*\"" "'(\\.|[^'])*'"
# comments
color white "#.*$"
color blue "^\s*##.*$"
color white "^;.*$"
color white start="<!--" end="-->"

Then include this configuration in /etc/nanorc file as
## Configuration files (catch-all syntax)
include "/usr/share/nano/conf.nanorc"

The first code line in the snippet includes a regular expression that
defines for which file names this syntax highlighting should be used.
Whenever you encounter a config file that is not matched by this, but
you would still like to open it with syntax highlighting, you can
manually select this syntax with nano's -Y switch, like so:
nano -Y conf myConfigFile

Source: nano syntax highlighting: catch-all syntax for configuration files.


You can diminish the size of the journal by means of these commands:

journalctl --vacuum-size=100M

This will retain the most recent 100M of data.

journalctl --vacuum-time=10d

will delete everything but the last 10 days.

From man journalctl:

  --vacuum-size=, --vacuum-time=, --vacuum-files=
              Removes the oldest archived journal files until the disk space they use falls below the specified size (specified with the
  usual "K", "M", "G" and "T" suffixes), or all archived journal files
  contain no data older than the specified timespan (specified with the
  usual "s", "m", "h", "days", "months", "weeks" and "years" suffixes),
  or no more than the specified number of separate journal files remain.
  Note that running --vacuum-size= has only an indirect effect on the
  output shown by --disk-usage, as the latter includes active journal
  files, while the vacuuming operation only operates on archived journal
  files. Similarly, --vacuum-files= might not actually reduce the number
  of journal files to below the specified number, as it will not remove
  active journal files.

  --vacuum-size=, --vacuum-time= and --vacuum-files= may be combined in a single invocation to enforce any combination of a size, a time
  and a number of files limit on the archived journal files. Specifying
  any of these three parameters as zero is equivalent to not enforcing
  the specific limit, and is thus redundant.

  These three switches may also be combined with --rotate into one
  command. If so, all active files are rotated first, and the requested
  vacuuming operation is executed right after. The rotation has the
  effect that all currently active files are archived (and potentially
  new, empty journal files opened as replacement), and hence the
  vacuuming operation has the greatest effect as it can take all log data written so far into account.


Is Ubuntu Core mature enough for commercial production?

There are companies using Ubuntu Core in production (Dell being an example).

As mentioned, it's probably better for you to contact Canonical.

Try this link


How can I set up Samba shares to only be accessed by certain users?

Each samba user must have a normal linux account as well.

Make sure that every user can access the common media folder on the unix side (without samba); alternatively, you can set force user in smb.conf
Make sure each user has a samba password set. You can set it with sudo smbpasswd -a your_user
Look at /etc/samba/smb.conf: check if the line security = user is set in the [GLOBAL] section
Set your shares in /etc/samba/smb.conf, see example

Example shares:

[allaccess]
    path = /media/common
    read only = no
    writeable = yes
    browseable = yes
    valid users = one, two, three, four
    create mask = 0644
    directory mask = 0755
    ; if you set this, all files get written as this user
    force user = one

This will be accessible via \\yourserver\allaccess

A single user share:

[special]
    path = /home/two/onlytwo
    read only = no
    writeable = yes
    browseable = yes
    valid users = one
    create mask = 0640
    directory mask = 0750

Restart the samba server after the changes with:

sudo service smbd restart


Turns out npm i was silently dying due to my box running out of memory before completing due to multiple streams.

Adding a swap resolved it: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-add-swap-on-ubuntu-12-04


I've had issues trying to install ubuntu on a RAID 0 array in the past.

The default installer was just not working.

The way I finally managed to do it was to use the Ubuntu Server installer, which seems to read RAID arrays much better, and then install the ubuntu-desktop package on top of that to get the UI.


Can't boot without Flash Drive plugged in

It looks like Grub got installed to the USB drive. Boot with the USB drive, open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl-Alt-T then run

sudo grub-install /dev/sdX

Where sdX is the drive you wish to boot from. That command will install GRUB to the MBR of the desired hard drive (sda,sdb,sdc,sdd), which should make it bootable. The commands sudo fdisk -l or lsblk should help you identify which drive you want.


After setting dual boot (Ubuntu and Windows 10) booting into windows not working

Did you disable secure boot?
When I was installing ubuntu alongside windows I followed this tutorial.
This article also explains how to disable secure boot.


Unable to Select an UEFI file as trusted for executing - no drives shown

You should follow this tutorial:
https://itsfoss.com/no-bootable-device-found-ubuntu/

At the end of the setting, in the booting device menu, select the bootloader and move it at the top of the list and that's all.


Apt Terminal Progress Bar source code Ubuntu 14.04

I've found the definition of PackageManagerFancy::PackageManagerFancy() in the debian git repo of the apt source package:

The file providing the Fancy progress bar is apt-pkg/install-progress.cc


Lubuntu 18.04: remove all mp3 tags, rename to x0001, x0002, etc

not the complete answer but perhaps this helps

this script I used to rename the files according to some of the fields (Title) in the metadata. It uses exiftool to get that data. you could write blank fields  to that metadata.

sudo apt install exiftool

exiftool --man

has this command
     exiftool -all= dst.jpg
     Delete all meta information from an image.

so it would be a script (I have not tried this myself)

for l in *; do exiftool -all= $l; done

I would suggest experimenting and making sure you backup the archive.

to batch rename, perhaps krename run within krusader. both need to be installed separately. it can insert counters.

sudo apt install krusader krename

and krusader has the ability to have user actions show in the right click menu bar . see 'user actions' in Krusader's help menu search field.


configuration for ufw to allow upnp between desktop and xbox360

Try to allow all traffic from xbox to pc.

sudo ufw enable
sudo ufw allow from 192.168.0.20


Ubuntu 17.04 won't boot on HP Envy x360 laptop

Thanks to the comment by heynnema in the OP, I found the solution to at least get it to boot to the desktop:

(1) Switch the BIOS to boot to non-UEFI mode, then boot to USB
(2) Press F6 at the purple screen for additional boot options
(3) Enable/check/select the "nomodeset" option
(4) Press ESC to go back, then ENTER to continue boot.

Success!


18.04 | Cannot use the Laptop without external monitor [SOLVED]

I found a similar problem in the site. The guy solved the problem by removing configuration file under xorg. Here is the solution:
cd /etc/X11
sudo rm xorg.conf
sudo cp xorg.conf.nvidia-xconfig-original xorg.conf
reboot


Ubuntu 18.04 EPSON ET-2750 scanner not found

Hope this doesn't insult your intelligence, and I assume that you've tried it, but make sure that the comments (semicolons) are removed from the imagescan.conf file.

Additionally, install nmap (sudo apt-get install nmap) and run:

nmap -p 1865

The port (1865) should be open.


For those viewing my question, another solution is to install the steam package from the website here.

Then if you get this error:

$ steam
Running Steam on ubuntu 15.04 64-bit
STEAM_RUNTIME is enabled automatically
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(0_client)
libGL error: unable to load driver: r600_dri.so
libGL error: driver pointer missing
libGL error: failed to load driver: r600
libGL error: unable to load driver: swrast_dri.so
libGL error: failed to load driver: swrast

Then simply type in

cd $HOME/.steam/steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu
mv libstdc++.so.6 libstdc++.so.6.bak
cd $HOME/.steam/steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
mv libstdc++.so.6 libstdc++.so.6.bak

And hit ENTER.
Now, in your terminal, it should look like this.
If it does look something like that, then you did it correctly. DO NOT CLOSE THE TERMINAL, LEAVE IT OPEN JUST LIKE THAT! And now you will need to type in 'steam' and hit ENTER again. At this point it should be opening your steam. STILL, DO NOT CLOSE THE TERMINAL! THIS WILL CLOSE STEAM! Wait for steam to finish its updating, and soon steam should ACTUALLY open!

If steam actually works and opens for you, then you did this all correctly! If it doesn't work, then you made a mistake, or this just does not work for you. After doing this, you will never need to follow these instructions again. Steam should now always just open up when you click on the icon.


First, clone the Github repository locally to download all the files to your own computer:

$ git clone https://github.com/Cockatrice/Cockatrice

You should then be able to view the README:

$ cd Cockatrice
$ less README.md  # or any other plain text file viewer

Install the dependencies like so:

$ sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler qtbase5-dev qtdeclarative5-dev libqt5webkit5-dev libsqlite3-dev qt5-default qttools5-dev-tools qttools5-dev qtmultimedia5-dev libqt5svg5-dev cmake

Then follow the instructions in the README for compiling:

$ mkdir build   # create directory where complied files will go
$ cd build      # go to that directory
$ cmake ..      # run cmake
$ make          # compile
$ make install  # install


how set read and write permissions for a directory

First change the ownership:

sudo chown -R username: <directory>

(the : after the username means in fact the user default group, so it resets the group too at the same time)

Now you do not need sudo anymore you can operate under your normal user account.

First get yourself read and write access to all content:

chmod -R u=rw,go=r <directory>

Which means Read and Write access for User (the user owning the files, so that is you), but only Read for Group and Other. The = means to set the right, whatever it is now, you can also use + and - to respectively add or remove the given permission.

You can prefer:

chmod -R ug=rw,o=r <directory>

or even:

chmod -R ug=rw,o= <directory>

And the result should be clear from the explanation above (I do not know why people absolutely continue to use octal encoding to do the same thing, it has no superior value, but anyway if needed, Read is 4, Write is 2 and eXecute is 1, and you have to add the values. So my last example would be 660)

There is only one remaining step. You need to put the eXecute right on each directory and subdirectory otherwise cd will not work.

For that you can do:

find directory -type d | xargs chmod u+x

The find command like it says will find, starting at directory every object that is of type d, d meaning directory here, and the xargs command will apply the following (chmod u+x) on all of them, and based on the previous explanations, the u+x part should be straightforward.

Also, next time, if you start the copy directly under your username, the permissions should be ok from the beginning. If not it means you may have strange permissions on the top directory where you do the copy.


This sounds like a hardware defect, most likely either your RAM or your SSD.
First check your RAM with memtest86:
How do I run memtest86+?
Then use the Smartmontools to check your disk(s) / SSD: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Smartmontools


I have a driver supplied as source cod (.c) cannot install 'build-essentials'

It's build-essential  (https://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/build-essential)

sudo apt-get install build-essential


How to determine the architecture of an installation or Live CD/DVD?

When there is a \EFI folder on the Iso it is 64-bit, 32-bit does not have a \EFI folder.


18.04 local mirror missing some Translations-en

This is a bug with apt-mirror. I recently encountered this when testing Debian Buster upgrades. The script only grabs *.bz2 translation files, and since the Ubuntu repository only includes .gz and .xz files, they are ignored.

The Debian bug I filed is here, along with a trivial patch, which could easily be updated to include .gz files too:

https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=932379


Thanks everyone for the insightful comments.
As wjandrea and cmak.fr suggested, I tried removing youtube-dl first:

sudo apt remove youtube-dl

then reinstalled youtube-dl using pip:

sudo pip install youtube-dl

It installed the latest version of youtube-dl.


Please note that cockpit exists in the official repository of Bionic so to install simply do:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install cockpit

Note: Remove those repos you added and the update via sudo apt update and proceed to install.

After due interaction with OP I discovered that the problem was he lacked the universe repos in sources.list so to overcome we followed this steps:

Add repo:

sudo add-apt-repository universe

update accordingly:

sudo apt update

Now install:

sudo apt install cockpit


I installed Ubuntu using Wubi. Can I now uninstall Windows XP and keep Ubuntu?

When you install Ubuntu with Wubi, it resides within a file in the Windows system. So if you delete the Windows installation the Ubuntu installation is also lost. You cannot simply delete Windows and continue to use Ubuntu.


ATI HD5450 not playing sound over HDMI om Ubuntu 12.04.5

I had problems with a very similar graphics card (HD5540D), I think I never make it work 100%.
When I installed some drivers fglrx and xorg I think, had a lot of problems because a lot of times wouldn't boot up Ubuntu.
Image worked pretty good with vga (didn't test it with hdmi or dvi), and I got the sound out apart with a normal jack in the rear panel of my motherboard.

You could try getting the sound on an external speaker if you can.

Although I'm talking about 2013 Ubuntu's versions, this information could be useful to you.

Hope it helped


How do I configure the default applications on the launcher on a LiveCD?

Here is what works for me for customizing a 12.04.1 liveCD:

echo "[com.canonical.Unity.Launcher]
favorites=['nautilus-home.desktop', 'firefox.desktop', 'ubuntu-software-center.desktop', 'otherapp1.desktop', 'otherapp2.desktop']" > /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/10_local-unity-launcher.gschema.override
glib-compile-schemas /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/

(all in chroot)


If you are able to get to a command line you can remove the Cinnamon desktop and should get out of the loop since Cinnamon will not be a valid desktop after rebooting.


CRAS audio & video stopped working [Chromebook]

Chrome OS updates sometimes break CRAS audio in Ubuntu, and just a few days ago there was such an update which broke mine.

See https://github.com/dnschneid/crouton/issues/839

I had the exact same issue and output as the OP there, but updating the chroot worked for me! Might have something to do with me running trusty (vs OP running saucy).


Try following instructions here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/ff541231(v=vs.85).aspx
That will add Ubuntu to the Windows Boot Manager and you should able to switch between Windows and Ubuntu fairly easily.

This is an error you might get from going into Ubuntu from Windows Boot Manager and how to fix it Installing Ubuntu Alongside a Pre-Installed Windows with UEFI


It turned out that the screen section in  xorg.conf was overridden by another file in /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/.

I removed that file, Now TwinView starts on boot and works as intended.


My Encore N300 wireless usb doesn't connect, any workarounds?

Can you open a terminal (search for terminal in dash) and type these two commands:

sudo modprobe -r rtl8192cu
sudo modprobe rtl8192cu swenc=1

Afterwards try to connect to a network. If it works you need to make it permanent, please check this question.

It will load the driver with a new value for the swenc parameter. I have no idea of what it does, but it seems to help sometimes.

¿Puedes abrir un terminal (búscalo en el dash), y escribe estos dos comandos (pulsa enter al final de cada linea)?

sudo modprobe -r rtl8192cu
sudo modprobe rtl8192cu swenc=1

Después, intenta conectarte otra vez, Si funciona sigue el enlace de arriba para hacer el cambio permanente.


Asus Rampage IV Black edition wireless driver not working

If its the driver issue please search for additional drivers in the Dash (the icon in the top left) for Additional Drivers and than search if you find a WiFi driver.

But some Notebooks simply have WiFi disabled to check this run

rfkill list

If you see Soft Blocked: yes near your WiFi run

sudo rfkill unblock <IDENTIFYER>

Where IDENETIFYER is the number of your WiFi, all or wifi


using sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration will change your keyboardlayout just for this session.

go for sudo nano /etc/default/keyboard there you can change your keyboard settings.

Find the line :

XKBLAYOUT="xx"

You can change layout and kboptions as well as your model and the kbvariant.

Just put in tr for Turkish

on older ubuntu versions you could go for dpkg-reconfigure console-setup and make permanently changes here. but for server 12.04 I guess it should be in the keyboard file.


The solution is to remove the non-default lines in the network device configuration in /etc/network.

For example, if

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

Appears in your /etc/network/interfaces then NetworkManager won't be able to manage the eth0 interface.


How to practice SSH with single Ubuntu system?

Define the ssh keys (used for the communication between the masters and slaves):

`ssh-keygen -t rsa`   (Use empty responses for each prompt)
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in: `/home/user-name/.ssh/id_rsa`
Your public key has been saved in `/home/user-name/.ssh/id_rsa.pub`

`cd /home/user-name/.ssh`
`cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys`

Note: You need to copy the authorized_keys file into the corresponding .ssh folder of each node.

And then you are done. ssh localhost


AMD GPU drivers not installing Ubuntu 20.04

Do you see ERROR: This package can only be installed on Ubuntu 18.04.?

The package is incompatible with Ubuntu 20.04.


Is Xubuntu more resource hungry than Windows XP?

Yes, Xubuntu is more resource hungry the Windows XP. Xubuntu is comparable to Windows Vista in look and feel. Lubuntu is comparable to Windows XP in look and feel. Your computer has enough RAM to run Xubuntu. The minimum systems requirements for Xubuntu are 512MB RAM. I have also noticed the Xubuntu has difficulty managing some websites in Firefox with only 512MB RAM. These problems would go away if you had 1GB RAM. Xubuntu runs quite well on a computer that has at least 1GB RAM.


How to change the default operation of the make command?

Not sure if I understand correctly, but based on these implicit rules: https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html#Implicit-Rules you want to set your $CFLAGS

therefore your solution should be

 export CFLAGS='-g'

or in case you had already set something in your CFLAGS

export CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"


Trying to boot Ubuntu from USB - Only getting FreeDOS command prompt

Because you created a DOS boot disk with Rufus, but you need to create media that just boots the Live CD or alternate installer, which is different. Please follow the community documentation.


How can I get my laptop's hardware configuration?

You can use Hardware Info.  To install, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install hardinfo

Once done, type

sudo hardinfo


Screen goes off while watching a video on Youtube

I found a solution for my problem: caffeine...

Add repository:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:caffeine-developers/ppa

Update package list:

sudo apt-get update

Install caffeine:

sudo apt-get install caffeine python-glade2


There shouldn't be any issues with using a VirtualBox for a LAMP stack.

Since you haven't mentioned any other uses for Ubuntu you have in your VirtualBox, might I suggest using a server edition of Ubuntu instead - that way you can save on some resources.

If you need a graphical environment to change configuration files, you can use something like webmin. Which you can install using the below command:

sudo apt-get install webmin

You can also use svn or git to push things to LAMP instead of using samba, or you could use sftp - which would be better. You simply have to install an ssh server, this answer shows you how (note, you might have to change gedit to nano in several commands if you are using Ubuntu server, if you are using the desktop edition you can follow the guide as-is):

How to set up Ubuntu SFTP server? by firefly2442

The best resource to help you begin setting up an ssh service on a host machine using Ubuntu is OpenSSH Server. This will allow you to use SSH File Transfer Protocol (also Secure File Transfer Protocol, or SFTP) to access, transfer, and manage files over SSH.

Overview of Solution

On Ubuntu you can setup an OpenSSH server on a host machine and a user can then use ssh to connect from their client machine to the host machine's server using only a username and password. Note, however, that public key authentication is recommended,

  "Make sure you have a strong password before installing an SSH server (you may want to disable passwords altogether)"

Administrative User Accounts created on the host machine will have sudo privileges, Standard User Accounts created on the host machine will not.

Setup your OpenSSH Server

To install an OpenSSH server on your host machine:

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

Enable PasswordAuthentication in your sshd_config file

To configure your OpenSSH server, "first, make a backup of your sshd_config file by copying it to your home directory, or by making a read-only copy in /etc/ssh by doing:"

sudo cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config.factory-defaults
sudo chmod a-w /etc/ssh/sshd_config.factory-defaults

"Once you've backed up your sshd_config file, you can make changes with any text editor, for example:"

sudo gedit /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Find the line with the phrase PasswordAuthentication and make it read:

PasswordAuthentication yes

Save your new sshd_config file and then restart the host machine's ssh service:

sudo restart ssh

Setup Port Forwarding on your local router to direct traffic to your OpenSSH server

Note the port your host machine's ssh service listens to in the sshd_config file and setup your router to forward TCP/UDP traffic aimed at this port to the IP address of your OpenSSH server.

Typically, you can point your web browser to 192.168.1.1 in order to login to your router and setup port forwarding.

Connect to your host machine and login to your Administrative User Account with sudo privileges

To open an SFTP shell terminal as <username> on the host machine, open a Terminal on your client machine and enter the following command, replacing 123.123.1.23 with your host machine's IP address:

sftp <username>@123.123.1.23

If you changed the port number your host machine's OpenSSH server listens to, do:

sftp -P <port_number_in_host_machine's_sshd_config_file> <username>@123.123.1.23

To open an SSH shell terminal as <username> on the host machine, open a Terminal on your client machine and enter the following command, replacing 123.123.1.23 with your host machine's IP address:

ssh <username>@123.123.1.23

If you changed the port number your host machine's OpenSSH server listens to, do:

ssh -p <port_number_in_host_machine's_sshd_config_file> <username>@123.123.1.23

Alternatively, if you simply want to use sftp to visually access the host machine's filesystem (e.g., using Nautilus)

Open Nautilus on the client machine
Select File > Connect to Server
Type: SSH
Server: Enter your host machine's IP address
Port: port number specified in host machine's sshd_config file
User name: username
Password: password

Create Standard User Accounts on host machine with limited file permissions outside their home folder

If I understand you correctly, proper file permissions in place on the host machine guarantee that each standard user (without sudo privileges) that you create on the host machine will own their /home/new_user directory but have limited permissions with the rest of the directory structure.

Limited permissions does not mean they are unable to view filenames and directory structure.

Hope that's helpful!


What i have on my apache config is

SSLProtocol ALL -SSLv2 -SSLv3 -TLSv1 -TLSv1.1

Get a rating for your config on:
https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html


For anyony looking after that, it seems that this problem was fixed with Ubuntu update...

Waiting for this update, I used to use this script for each startup :

#!/bin/sh
xmodmap -e "keycode 61 = l"
xmodmap -e "keycode 49 = exclam"

Which aimed to remap my keyboard in most favorable way, be of course not solved the problem.


In application Simply Scan ver 3.18.2 under Lubuntu 15.10 after open app is comment " Failed to scan. Unable to connect to scanner."

Is it a USB scanner? If so, check with lsusb. Also sane-find-scannershould give you output. If not, then try scanimage -L. Please refer to here, for the entire solution. Hope it helps, thanks.


Is it possible to upgrade from Xubuntu 14.04 LTS to Xubuntu 16.04 LTS via USB?

Yes, it is possible to upgrade from 14.04 to 16.04 using a live DVD. You need to burn the live DVD of the same flavor (e.g. Xubuntu) and run the installer. If it detects the previous LTS version, it will prompt you to upgrade.

See this answer: https://askubuntu.com/a/475494/271

However, keep in mind that the package installation phase in this mode is (in my experience) very slow. You might still consider performing an upgrade using the network, esplicitly asking for all possible releases:

sudo update-manager -c


In my opinion you should better install / (root) on your ssd, and all other stuff (home, etc.) on your hdd.

Works great for me in that way.


If you want to have R-Studio in you Ubuntu, Just follow this for R-Studio Desktop and this one for R-Studio Server. the difference is only access from web feature which Server version has this feature and Desktop version don't!
You can have .deb package and easily install with GUI.


Couldn't find any package by regex 'ant1.7'

For Ubuntu different versions of ant package corresponds to different versions of the Linux kernel. Look this page.

Ctrl+Alt+T:

sudo apt-get install ant

you can also to fix existing before or instead:

sudo apt-get install -f ant

or:

dpkg-reconfigure ant


ZFS rollback on Ubuntu 20.10 failing - 'rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_': dataset already exists

I think you are experiencing this bug. Rollbacks don't work because of that bug, at least for some people. A fix is in the works as I understand it.
I think you can remove the dataset without suffix (ubuntu_) with zfs destroy. At least it worked for me. And I guess we need to wait for the fix.


VirtualBox gives "FATAL: No bootable medium found! System halted" error

Seems like you have not a hard-drive... you can add one on Settings like here on my image (I have it in Catalan language, sorry)

If you have already one, just add a CD (at the left from add hard-drive button) and run VirtualBox machine again.

Edited:

Well, seeing your images, the only thing what I can think is when you run the virtual machine, press F2 to enter on boot menu, select the CD, key C and start the Windows XP installation, you should be able to install it.

PS: Be sure to make on general tab a type of machine Windows XP (32 bit).


Intermittent Video Issues with Radeon HD 7750

I have a Intel/Radeon 7400m and whenever I plug my TV using HMDI I get the same flickering, it gets worse when using Chrome. My 46" LG TV is also listed as Goldestar 52" and I'm using default Ubuntu 16.04 driver.

My workaround was to lower the refresh rate to 50hz using xrandr -r 50 even thou my TV supports 1080p at 120Hz


Since update of Firefox v37 internet access is slow

Create a new Firefox profile to eliminate your preferences or Add Ons as being the slow culprit.  If it's still slow, something's wrong with your Firefox installation.

Reinstall half of your Add Ons to see if one or more of them is slow.  Use a binary search to determine which Add On it might be.  Warning: More than one Add On might be a problem.  Then you'll have to check each one individually.

If you use Firefox sync, you might try your profile on a new/different installation of Firefox (perhaps in a VirtualBox or a VMware Player guest).


Problem in renaming the partition and opening a file through terminal

I got same exception (Cannot change label on mounted device of type filesystem:ntfs. (udisks-error-quark, 11))

I fixed this by following these setup.

search Disks and Go to Disks
select the partition which you want to rename
unmount partition by clicking pause icon
by clicking setting icon select Edit Filesystem option
change File System Lable popup will show
fill name which you want to change
finally don't forget to mount the partition


Change HDMI resolution on Nitrogen6x board with Ubuntu

This should actually Just Work using ubuntu xenial rootfs and mainline kernel with xf86-video-armada-etnaviv.  This uses both upstream repos and Robert Nelson's repos for kernels and drivers.  Except for the 6xbootscript parts, as documented on the sabre lite page:

https://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/i.MX6+SABRE+Lite

you can more-or-less treat the nitrogen board like the wandboard page:

https://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/Wandboard

If you create the sdcard as above and make the uEnv wrapper script, you can use latest 4.10 kernel as above and you can then install various kernel images as deb packages (eg, armv7multi vs armv7multi-rt).

For imx6 video just "apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-armada-etnaviv" and your choice of desktop (as documented on the wandboard page).

I'm adding and tweaking packages for this stuff in meta-small-arm-extra but it's not very optimized yet (Robert's ubuntu stuff works out of the box if done right).


Unable to have full screen Ubuntu in VirtualBox

Installing Virtualbox guest addition from terminal did the trick for me.

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-dkms virtualbox-guest-utils virtualbox-guest-x11


There's a PPA for libav 11 - the latest version - at https://blueprints.launchpad.net/~heyarje/+archive/ubuntu/libav-11/+index?field.series_filter=


How can I change my panels to be dark like this screenshot?

This may occur because MATE does not use all of the GNOME libraries so may not register somethings and therefore they are left out.

You can try install this theme:

Ambiance and Radiance themes with norm-colored panel (GTK2 and GTK3).


Can't change Capslock setting, always resets itself back to "Disabled"

The setting is stored in /desktop/gnome/peripherals/keyboard/kbd/options in the GConf configuration database.

Make sure that key is set correctly:

Hit Alt+F2 and enter gconf-editor in the dialog window and click Run,

Navigate to /desktop/gnome/peripherals/keyboard/kbd/options,

Make sure there is the item caps:escape (as shown in the previous screenshot)
and not caps:none.


You need to configure your LUKS partition to NOT auto mount.

1) Delete (comment out) /etc/crypttab

sudo nano /etc/crypttab

Add a "#" in the front of your LUKS partition.

2) Edit /etc/fstab and use the "noauto" option for your LUKS volume

sudo nano /etc/fstab

Change the "auto"  in the 4th column to read "noauto"

3) You will then need to mount your LUKS partition manually.

sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/your_LUKS_Partition your_luks_name

mount /dev/mapper/your_LUKS_name

You will have to use sudo with that second command if you do not have the users option in fstab (in addition to noauto)

By removing /etc/crypttab, the luks process is not run at boot-time, and adding "noauto" makes sure that the encrypted volume is not attempted to be mounted.

You need to change the names in the above commands to the names of your partitions /LUKS. You can see the names in your config files.


Do you have python-dev package installed? Installing C and C++ modules requires the Python headers inside that package.


Cannot load config file from /etc/fonts/fonts.conf

If you run the command

dpkg -l | grep fontconfig

I suspect that you find that the listed packages are not of the same version, which they should be. In that case the obvious solution is to update your system to the most recent packages:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

I suppose you are on 18.10, btw. This problem shouldn't show up on 19.04; see this bug report:

https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=896684


How do I remove Ubuntu from a dual boot without a Windows or Ubuntu CD?

Warning: This may not work with UEFI / EFI / Windows 8 or Wubi setups.

Run these command in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install lilo
sudo lilo -M /dev/DEVICE

(Replace /dev/DEVICE with the path to your disk with Ubuntu, without a number, e.g.: /dev/sda)
Reboot. At this point, it should boot straight into Windows.
From Window's Disk Management program, delete the Ubuntu partitions. (they should be shown as partitioned "Free Space".)


See this.

Basically, the problem is the following:

  We are experiencing some network slowdowns because of the big demand
  for the 12.04 release, and measures are being explored to cope with
  it. It should go back to normal in the next few days.

As you can see, using u1sdtool --current-transfers in terminal will allow you to verify that this indeed is the problem (particularly, low download speed and after a while, read bytes resets to zero).

Hopefully, it will get back to normal soon.


You have to remove the whitespace around the =.

alias test='mkdir test'

will work.


On 16.10:

sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-system-settings
sudo apt-get --purge autoremove

This also removed a bunch of dependencies that unity8-desktop-session kept on my system.


What is the idea of github, and these .zip files developers sharing there?

No, this is an alternative way to get the source code so you can build the application yourself. For that you need to follow the instructions that the software author hopefully provided on the project's GitHub main page. Depending on what programming language is used, you'll need to install build tools such as compilers, linkers and header files; the project's documentation should tell you what exactly you need.
If you are more familiar with building software, you might as well check out the sources directly from GitHub with git clone and switch to a tag that indicates the latest stable version (which the current git master may not necessarily be).
The ZIP files are generated when the project releases an official version, i.e. when they create a release tag. That spares you the trouble of finding out what exactly the latest stable (i.e. recommended) version was, and also having to use the Git tools correctly.


How does user access for full disk encryption work?

If you use full disk encryption, you have to enter your key once during boot to unlock your hard drive. It does not provide file access protection - once unlocked, any user (local or remote) has "normal" access. The use case for the full disk encryption is if your hard drive gets stolen or something, no one can access your system/data.


when using LightDM, who calls /usr/sbin/lightdm-session

Take a look at /lib/systemd/system/lightdm.service.


Landscape's OpenStack Autopilot: Launch instance getting network error

don't know if you still have this issue but maybe for others.
I had to configure the parameter "network-manager (string)" in my nova-cloud-controller charm. You have to set the right network manager. In my case the following string: Neutron|Quantum


How can I permanently save a password-protected SSH key?

Making a password-protected SSH key persist across sessions and reboots

This is probably what you want: entering the key passphrase once makes it available for ever whenever you're logged in. It will work for most users who are using the Unity or Gnome desktops.

When you connect after adding the public key to the remote server, you'll get the GUI ssh-add dialog:

Expand the "Details" by clicking on the triangle, and you'll get the below. The default is "lock keyring when I log out", which requires you to enter the password once per session:

Change it to Automatically unlock...whenever I'm logged in, which means it will work whenever you have logged in to your session -- it's "controlled" by your user password. It will persist across reboots.

Enter the key passphrase once and that's it - the key is authenticated via the initial successful login to your desktop environment.

If you are using AwesomeWM

Tested with a fresh install of AwesomeWM in a fresh userid

By default, AwesomeWM uses ssh-agent:

$ export | grep SSH
declare -x SSH_AGENT_PID="5479"
declare -x SSH_AUTH_SOCK="/tmp/ssh-fWCKNnPq5440/agent.5440"

To get the above steps to work, you must use gnome-keyring-daemon as the SSH authentication daemon, not ssh-agent. When you login using lightdm, PAM starts gnome-keyring-daemon that will try to unlock a login key with your unlock password, but you must add to you configuration to keep it running and use it.
Add the following to the end of your ~/.xprofile:

  #!/bin/bash
  eval $(gnome-keyring-daemon --start)
  export SSH_AUTH_SOCK
  export GNOME_KEYRING_PID
  export GNOME_KEYRING_CONTROL

The commands in the ~/.xprofile file will be executed by xsession before starting the awesome window manager and will tie it to the gnome-keyring-daemon --login process started by PAM through the above environment variables.

Logout back to lightdm and log back in, and now when you do ssh user@host, you should get the above popups -- use those to decode your private keys in ~/.ssh/ and save your private keys to the gnome-keyring login keyring.

The general solution for any window manager/desktop environment

is to use gnome-keyring-daemon instead of ssh-agent. For this, you need to be running gnome-keyring-daemon and have it initialized and either do this after ssh-agent is started or not start ssh-agent at all.
ssh (actually ssh-add) decides which authentication agent to call based on the value of the SSH_AUTH_SOCK environment variable, which can be checked by typing export | grep SOCK
this is of the form SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/tmp/ssh-MMFyVlI22130/agent.22130 for ssh-agent (NOT what you want to be able to save your key)
but of the form SSH_AUTH_SOCK="/tmp/keyring-mEQB5g/ssh" for gnome-keyring-daemon (which you want)
so check the value, and check with ps aux | grep keyring that gnome-keyring-daemon is running, and if so, initialize it with the results of gnome-keyring-daemon --start
you can then check the associated saved identities in the console by typing ssh-add -l -- if it shows "no agent" then you made a mistake configuring gnome-keyring-daemon.


Windows expand over 2 monitors in quad-monitor setup

The thing is not to use twinview.
Using twinview the window system recognizes your screen as the sum of the two monitors and acts accordingly. Full screen applications also would span two screens this way.

Run sudo nvidia-settings and disable twin view.


Why don't you just install Autotrash? Here's the instructions:

First, add the repo:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bneijt/ppa

Then do the update

sudo apt-get update

Then install Autotrash

sudo apt-get install autotrash

Sample uses of autotrash:

To purge any file in the trash for more than 30 days being stored, enter the following line in a Terminal window

autotrash -d 30


That kernel is way too old.  Initial usb 3 support was added to 2.6, but the real support for xhci was added in 4.4-4.6.  It's part of the linux-firmware load as well as the kernel proper.

Keep in mind that you should attempt to upgrade the firmware first, http://www.station-drivers.com/index.php?option=com_remository&Itemid=353&func=select&id=438&lang=en(via bootable windows emulation), then the kernel(preferably 4.6.3 at the time of this writing), http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/.  If you've never upgraded a kernel before, it's very simple.  3 files(amd64 generic header & image & all.deb), one command(dpkg -i headers.deb image.deb), reboot, and you're done.


Unable to go online but still able to ping, either with wlan0 or eth0

It might be DNS problem, try to ping by IP and by some name, eg.:

ping 8.8.8.8
ping example.com

If the second command gives you name-resolve errors, head for fixing your DNS. First, check if /etc/resolv.conf contains proper setup for your network, you need at last a line like this:

    nameserver [your_dns_server]

It might be HTTP restriction on your network, try some command-line approach, to see actual error, and a result of this request, maybe like this:

cd ~/Desktop
wget http://google.com

Is Desktop/index.html downloaded here? Is it HTML document starting with <!doctype html>...? Can you open it with browser? Does it contains some error text?


How do I configure the mouse event behaviors

I do that setup from the CompizConfig Settings Manager (ccsm) because the default Ubuntu preferences does not include such super advance settings.

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Then start it with (from a command line or create a launcher icon):

ccsm

That opens settings, click on General » General Options then on the Focus & Raise Behaviour. That opens the following window which you can play with. As you can see, I have all 3 checkboxes unselected. It is really deadly to have them set, as you mentoined.

By the way, you can also fix that from the command line (Especially when an update of the OS decides to kill your settings!):

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-to-workspace-1 "['<Alt>F1']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-to-workspace-2 "['<Alt>F2']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-to-workspace-3 "['<Alt>F3']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings close "['disabled']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings begin-move "['disabled']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings begin-resize "['disabled']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings cycle-group "['disabled']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings lower "['<Alt>F6']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings raise "['<Alt>F7']"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences auto-raise "false"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences focus-mode "sloppy"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences raise-on-click "false"
gsettings set org.compiz.core:/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/core/ hsize 2
gsettings set org.compiz.core:/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/core/ vsize 2

In case you want to add actions with the mouse the buttons, replace the key name with one of these: "Button1" (left), "Button2" (middle), "Button3" (right). If you have such a mouse, you may have access to "Button4" and "Button5" too.

This kind of a script will save you hours of re-setting your preferences over and over again.


How to encrypt Ubuntu home folder or partition and still able to hibernate/sleep my PC?

According to the TC forums, you must decrypt the system, install both OS's so that dual-boot is working, then encrypt the system using the "dual boot" option in TC. See here.


The directory is not on your PATH variable. Use ./asadmin or asadmin with full path:

/usr/local/glassfish3.1.2.2/bin/asadmin start-domain
/usr/local/glassfish3.1.2.2/bin/asadmin stop-domain

or add the path to your PATH variable

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/glassfish3.1.2.2/bin
asadmin start-domain
asadmin stop-domain

To make it permanent, add the PATH modification to your .profile or /etc/profile.


Why does my login script only partially execute?

It looks like you are missing backticks. Try changing:

while [ -z "xinput | grep -v 'Pen' | grep 'ELAN'" ]

to

while [ -z "`xinput | grep -v 'Pen' | grep 'ELAN'`" ]


Ubuntu boots into tty1 after driver downgrade

Thanks,

Same thing happend to me. I did the same as above and it solved it.

For less experienced linux users these are the commands to run:

Purge nvidia related stuff:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
Restart machine:

sudo shutdown -r now

This will get you machine up and running with X again.
Now.. you need to pick a driver from the "Additional Drivers" utility built into the system and by that reinstall the drivers to your machine.


14.04 - Laptop Battery Indicator does not show the right battery percentage

I do not think that it is a bug. The Linux kernel will not charge the device when it is almost full to preserve the battery. It will only start charging again when it is below 90 % or so. It will only go to 100 % when it is charging from less than say 90 %.


VLC media player installation on Ubuntu 14.04

As of 2015-09-23, the latest VLC version for Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty Tahr) provided by this repository is 2.2.1.

Open a terminal and run (for 14.04):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mc3man/trusty-media
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install vlc vlc-plugin-*

For other versions, see here.


Setting which brightness determines screen brightness

Then you can use Xbacklight command , It going to use the ACPI modules to control the system brightness with some commands.

How to change LCD brightness from command line (or via script)?

If you dont want to do that way , Then Edit the shortcut key which was assigned to
 /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness to /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

so everytime you call the hotkey instead of intel , acpi will have the call.

I mean simple change the way.


I figured out what the problem was.

I tested my .deb file via cycles of the following two commands:

sudo dpkg -i fman.deb
sudo dpkg -r fman (equivalently, sudo apt-get remove fman)

I found out that ... -r excludes config files. To also delete config files, one must use sudo dpkg -P fman.

During my testing, I must have manually deleted /etc/apt/sources.list.d/fman.list at some point. But dpkg (/apt) still remembered that it had installed that file, so it didn't re-install it the next time I did dpkg -i (equivalently, apt-get install).

The solution was therefore to call sudo dpkg -P fman. The next time I then did dpkg -i fman.deb the fman.list file was created as expected.


How do I get a Brother DCP-145C Printer working?

Please check post #5 here: https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/cups/+question/190331

Good luck!


I'm running Linux Mint and I have encrypted all my hard drive. but on Ubuntu it should be quite the same I guess.

Using the terminal, you can enter:

sudo fdisk -l

It should return some informations like this:

Disk /dev/mapper/sda3_crypt: 464.6 GiB, 498799214592 bytes, 974217216 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/mint--vg-root: 456.6 GiB, 490301554688 bytes, 957620224 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/mint--vg-swap_1: 7.9 GiB, 8493465600 bytes, 16588800 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

You can notice the sda3_crypt that is taking almost all the size of my hard drive. This means that my hard drive is fully encrypted.

Without using the terminal, you can use Disks or Gparted to have a view of your hard drive. On my computer, it looks like:

Again, you see that the LUKS partition covering almost the entire hard drive is encrypted.

Finally, you can also check it by running Ubuntu on a LiveUSB. Your internal hard drive should not be accessible without the passphrase.

Hope it answers your question.


When booting the system, press and hold the Shift key to make the GRUB menu appear.
In the GRUB menu select the (recovery mode) entry and let the system boot.
You will be presented with another menu, scroll down and select Drop to root shell prompt.
Recovery Console must first be made Read/Write.
Run the following commands:

mount -n -o remount,rw /
apt-get purge nvidia-current
rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf
reboot now


Graphical tool for creating Deb packages

Yes, there's Ubucompiler:, but development has ceased:

Description:

An easy software to ubuntu, debian, linux mint to compile, make, install and create a .deb package

On the other hand, on this wepupd8.org page, a critic of Ubucompiler reads as follows:

  Ubucompilator  does not add the necessary Build-Depends to the Debian
  control file so yes, the .deb package can be created with
  Ubucompilator, but you cannot use the source code to say Launchpad so
  it can be build for different architectures, etc. Also, the packages
  are not signed and so on, so that's not the proper way of creating a
  .deb file


error: attempt to read or write outside of disk 'hd0', can't shut down

Try make a live version of Ubuntu and mounting the partition Ubuntu is on your hard drive. Look go to the file '/boot/grub/grub.cfg' and see if hd0 or a different drive number lives in the code.

You can see what hard drive number your grub.cfg should be on by using gparted.

Take care.


USB stick acting very odd, can't format it either

The most likely explanation is that it's a fault with the USB stick.

Throw it away and buy another one.  For the most part, they are too cheap to spend too much time trying to diagnose or troubleshoot the problem.  The behaviour you've described (especially, computer won't boot or enter BIOS menu when it's plugged in) imply it's a hardware fault that you can't fix.

If you had important data on there that you can't recover, you are probably out of luck.  But since you don't care about the data, you can breathe a sigh of relief.

As for the cause: removing it from a USB port without shutting down the OS will not be the cause.  USB devices are electrically designed to be able to be removed from a running system.  If a device dies when you do this, it was already faulty.


Alternatively, you can try installing Windows 7 on VirtualBox, and then run adwords editor that way. A huge hassle, considering that you would have to pay for a legal copy of windows, and install it, and configure it, just to get adwords editor to work.


Is the patch 'Ensure get_futex_key_refs() always implies a barrier' backported to 3.2.0 precise?

First, 12.04.2 is EOL, and probably shouldn't be supported.

However, this might help (and it is generic): Read the changelogs.

apt-get changelog linux-image-$(uname -r)
apt-get changelog linux-image-extra-$(uname -r)


passwd has nothing to do with (file system) permissions. The former manages authentication data, the latter is a form of authorisation record.

Rectify web server permissions

Take a look at the ownership and read permissions of the directory subtree of your WordPress installation. They need to be readable by the user the web server runs as.

Reset deleted (super-)user password

I recommend you consult How do I reset a lost administrative password? for that.


Both your virtualbox and extension versions match. That's a critical part of the process.

To solve the group problem use the commands sudo addgroup vboxusers and sudo adduser USERNAME vboxusers where USERNAME is your user name. Do both these things on the host. logout and back in for this to take effect.

Note that vboxsf which you have listed in your groups is actually a filesystem type used by the mount command.

Download the correct extension pack from this page and when prompted open it with Virtualbox.

The final step is to setup USB support on your VM, opening setings for the VM in virtualbox with the VM shutdown, selecting USB and enabling USB 2.0 and adding and activating filters as needed. See Below:

Note: In the recent past USB 3.0 (XHCI) controllers were not supported but this functionality was added in Virtual Box 5.0

Further information is available in the official documentation.If that doesn't sort it for you, drop me a comment and I'll expand on this.

Sources:

https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VirtualBox/USB

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VirtualBox/SharedFolders


The problem is that your CPU does not support SSE2 CPU commands.

New flash plugin for Linux uses that commands and if they are not supported, it crashes.

You can disable flash in Firefox, and it will stop crashing. You can also uninstall flash by running

sudo apt-get purge flashplugin-installer

There is also an option to install old flash 10.3, but it is not recommended, because it does not get security updates since 2013.

Your CPU is too old for using flash.

But if this does not help, it means that Firefox dropped support of this old CPU and SSE2 is required for some other parts of code.


How can I use multiple inputs simultaneously?

In terminal use command:

arecord -l

To see information on recording device.

If only one subdevice shown, can only switch between sources, not play both.

You can mix and route multiple internal audio sources within JACK, but you will need an external mixer or 2nd sound device to have microphone and other external audio sources


0x08059081 is the content adress of a null pointer. You can find more informations on Wikipedia: Segmentation fault example:

  Because a very common program error is a null pointer dereference (a read or write through a null pointer, used in C to mean "pointer to no object" and as an error indicator), most operating systems map the null pointer's address such that accessing it causes a segmentation fault.

For a better answer try to ask on Stack Overflow.


change home directory only when connecting with FTP

Sadly can not add comments due to reputation, so my answer can be lacking, but did you try setting "local_root" option to "/home/$USER/ftphome"? So vsftpd.conf would have lines like this:

local_root=/home/$USER/fpthome
user_sub_token=$USER

That is assuming /home/$USER is user home directory.


Remove Virtual Box, but am asked to reinstall

If you want to update just VirtualBox you can use sudo apt-get install --only-upgrade virtualbox. If you want a newer version than what the
 Ubuntu repositories have then you can find a repository hosted by the developers of the software. For VirtualBox you can find them here.

Adding them on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS would look like this:

sudo apt-add-repository 'deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian xenial contrib'
wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

Then you would update and install the desired version

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install virtualbox-5.1

The website I linked also recommends installing dkms to ensure VirtualBox kernel modules keep up to date with the kernel that is installed.

sudo apt-get install dkms


Which ubuntu should I download for my asus x542u?

Download ubuntu 18.04 or 19.04 as it's latest version of ubuntu.


network manager not working, how to restart it?

on ubuntu just run sudo service network-manager restart from the terminal


Password-protected GRUB does not boot Ubuntu, but Windows works

I was able to fix the issue. It was a mistake from my side as I entered

set supersusers="name"

instead of

set superusers="name"


dpkg issue while trying to install insight from PPA - trying to overwrite... which is also in

The package is trying to overwrite files which are maintained by a different package.  The dpkg error indicates that the insight package is trying to overwrite a file managed by gdbserver.

You can't have two packages managing the same file in the packaging system's mind, so it errors.

I would suggest that you investigate the PPA and reach out to the PPA maintainers to indicate this conflict and then see what they say.  Alternatively, don't install the package you're trying to install.

Also consider the package can't be verified so I would question the integrity of the package (that is to say the package doesn't have a validateable signature on it so I would not suggest use of it)


You need to add the current user to dialout group.

Run

sudo usermod -aG dialout $USER

Then you will be allowed to write to /dev/ttyS* after log off and log on.


How to change the date format in Nautilus list columns?

There is a vacuum for changing date format of the date columns in Ubuntu 14.04, 16.04, 18.04 and following (18.10, 19.04, 19.10, 20.04). (Neither dconf, gconf nor gsettings works, there is no date-format setting option.)
There are some workarounds, see How to show full date and time in Nautilus/Files 3.6+ list view.
Bug reports are opened on Gitlab and Bugzilla, please add your comments or help if you have the expertise as there has been no progress for years!
With other problems, e.g. Bug #1152226 “nautilus no longer remembers view per directory” and View mode setting should persistent for each directory, Nautilus is more and more user-UNfriendly and a switch to Nemo or other alternative file browser like Thunar is to consider.
ONLY Ubuntu 17.04 & 17.10 in a terminal (not in 18.04):

gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences date-format iso
gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences date-format locale
gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences date-format informal
Credit goes to Pablo Bianchi, see his comment.

For Caja (Mate 17.04): See other answer
Only works up to Ubuntu 12.04, maybe 13.10 (not 14.04 and 16.04):
Install dconf-editor (available in the normal repository), navigate to:
org>gnome>nautilus>preferences>date-format, then click on the field "value" beside the date-format field and a drop-down menu appears with the three choices:

locale   = Tue 12 June 2012 17:12:34 PHT
iso      = 2012-06-12 17:12:34
informal = Today at 5:12:34 PM or Tuesday, June 12 2012 5:12:34 PM

I chose iso and am happy.


Problem with BAM huawei linux mobile partner

I fond the solution: gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Panel systray-whitelist "['all']"


Why do I need to enable `universe` repo in 18.04 - isn't it default enabled?

For the Desktop installers of the various 18.04 flavors, there is no need to go and manually activate Universe, Multiverse, or Restricted - they are enabled by default.  This also applies to the Server installation when using the Alternate Installer.

(Note that the only exception to this is on the Live installers themselves for Ubuntu itself - they don't enable Universe by default but only on the Live sessions.  Kubuntu, Lubuntu, etc. all have Universe components and have it activated, it seems)

However, on the latest 18.04.1 Subiquity-based Live Server Installer ISOs, there is a known bug where the ISOs for 18.04(.1) install but don't enable Universe or Multiverse repositories.

For those cases, you have to go back and enable Universe and Multiverse and Restricted; keep in mind that this is a bug in the installer and not typical as it's supposed to enable Universe and Multiverse.

(This has been fixed for future ISOs including the 18.04.2 (hopefully) and 18.10 ISOs that are going to be spun when 18.10 is actually released.  (However, the 18.04.1 Server ISOs - but not the Alternate istnaller ISO -  are known to be affected by this bug))

If you are using a preinstalled image on a VPS or such, they have a wide variety of configurations, so you may have to enable those repositories manually.  This is outside the control of Ubuntu however, as those VPS images tend to have a few additional changes by VPS vendors.


CPU Fan always on high speed after upgrade to 14.04

I was able to shutup my fans in ubuntu using pwmcontrol according to this HOW TO
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=42737

Although it was a different Ubuntu version (I believe) it should hopefully work on 14.04.
It's worth the shot.


Is it possible to mount a virtual disk as a drive?

You can not mount a disk or partition without having a filesystem on that. As the file disk contains all zeros there is not any filesystem on that.

First, to create a loop device on that file call

sudo losetup -f disk

which will create a loop device for the file 'disk'. With sudo losetup you will get a list of loop devices; note the one that is connected with your disk. I assume /dev/loop0from now on.

Next to create a valid filesystem, you have to call

sudo mkfs -t [type] /dev/loop0

where [type] means the filesystem type, e.g. ext4. For more options see man mkfs.

Now you are able to mount:

sudo mount /dev/loop0 /media/LFS

which should then be accessible as normal filesystem.

To disconnect, you have to unmount (sudo umount /media/LFS) and detach the loop device (sudo losetup -d /dev/loop0). From then on, you can mount the filesystem as you tried in your question (mounting with -o loop will create the loop device for you).

And no, you do not need to have the device partitioned. And you may of course mount a filesystem on a non-empty folder - but then you cannot access the previous contents of this folder before you unmount again.

Edit

If you want the image file to work like partitioned disks and be recognized by the kernel, you may follow the answer given in how to format.... In short:

Partition the image: # fdisk disk which will run fdisk as usual and you may create partitions.

Create Filesystems: As mkfs does not work with whole disks if they are partitioned (just may use the raw disk as one filesystem as stated above), you best use loop device with partprobeor kpartx to inform the kernel. The simplest way is to run # sudo losetup -f -P disk, which will create partition devices as e.g. /dev/loop0p1, /dev/loop0p2 etc. These may then be used by mkfs.

Use gparted: As gparted calls the default tools like parted and mkfs, the points above hold true as well. You can call # sudo gparted disk and then partition the disk, but you cannot format those partitions, as mkfs then asks for distinct images like disk1, disk2 etc. So you should use the loop device with gparted as well:

# sudo losetup --show -f -P disk
/dev/loop0
# sudo gparted /dev/loop0

(I used --show here so losetup will show which device is created).
Now you are able to work with gparted as usual. The partitions, when created/formatted, will then be available to other applications like filemanagers (maybe you have to issue sudo partprobe /dev/loop0 for the kernel to recognize the partitions).

I did not manage to get the loop device shown in gparted when called without directly passing the name of the loop device, even after issuing partprobe or kpartx, e.g. when starting from the system menu. It only shows /dev/sdx devices. Maybe someone else is able to solve this issue.


what is this error and how can I resolve it?

Ubuntu sometimes gets some messages but you can still use your computer without telling any difference .
Does your computer behaves differently ?
make sure that your system is up to date .
Run from terminal
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
you can do your update for ubuntu's gui as well
if the problem persists the day after tomorrow there are still plenty of things you can do , start by specifying the error properly .


The issue was not come from cron but programe itself.

It was written in python and os.getenv("USER") return none in cron, os.getenv("LOGNAME") fix the issue.


Difference between script command and manually copying from terminal to external file?

The script command creates a script containing all your interactions with the terminal for your current session. It is basically creating a live screen dump and pasting the contents into a file.
It includes all inputs and outputs visible in the terminal.

The history command gives you all the commands entered into the terminal from the first time you used it.
It shows only inputs, either for your current session or for all sessions.


How to replace GNU core utilities with Busybox

It's not possible. Busybox on Ubuntu doesn't support the full set of utilities that coreutils provides. Examples include base64, comm, install, nohup. Packages can safely use programs installed by coreutils without depending on it as a package, since it's an essential package; there's no telling what coreutils commands a package might be using. You could try building Busybox from source, since the full set of commands do include install, comm and nohup, and uuencode/uudecode, which could server as an alternative to base64. However, even that has missing commands like groups, paste, nproc, truncate, etc.

You could try. Do something like:

Symlink /bin/busybox to the coreutils commands which are supported by busybox.
Install a placeholder coreutils package with a higher epoch number than the Ubuntu coreutils package, so that a package upgrade will never happen for coreutils.
Install only those binaries from the actual coreutils package which Busybox didn't support.
Hope that the system doesn't crumble. Get used to manually upgrading coreutils commands when the package gets patched.

It's also not possible to replace bash or binutils. Bash offers a far richer syntax than Busybox ash. And as far as I can tell, binutils has nothing in common with Busybox.

Ubuntu just isn't the system you want, if you're that concerned with space. Look at some of the alternatives mentioned in this Super User post.


From Installing Ubuntu on devices:

  Enabling read-write mode

  By default the system is read-only. You can switch to read-write mode,
  although this disables Ubuntu system upgrades. The main purpose for
  this is developing the Ubuntu system directly. This is not required
  for developing apps or using the system normally. Recovering from
  read-write mode is possible but requires reinstalling the system from
  scratch.

  Warning: Switching a device to read-write mode (and/or recovering from
  it) is an advanced feature and may result in complete data loss.

  Warning: Switching a device to read-write mode disables automatic
  over-the-air updates.

Install on your host system the phablet-tools package:

sudo apt-get install phablet-tools

And type the following command:

phablet-config writable-image

The system will reboot in read-write mode, but even if you'll be able to use apt-get or set up a PPA, only packages built for armhf will be installable.


Completely...I mean COMPLETELY wiping my hardrive

It is literally impossible for them to be monitoring your computer screen via the OS in real-time if you are not connected to the network. I go through some possibilities below.

Delayed Logging

They could be logging everything to a file somewhere on the computer and then uploading the log when the computer returns to the network. This is the common practice with keyloggers.

If they are making comments in real time this cannot be the case.

You are Still Connected

You could still be connected to the network even though you think you aren't. Perhaps you only disconnected ethernet but are still connected on wifi. Or perhaps they have hijacked your network manager to always stay connected. You can make sure this isn't the case by physically disconnecting your ethernet cable and wifi card.

This is very unlikely since you said the problem persisted from Windows to Linux. Assuming they have infected your computer with some virus, the hack must be below the operating system, and thus running at a privilege higher than the kernel. If this is the case, you are dealing with pro hackers, and "wiping" the hard drive might not remove the hack; depending on the attack vector they could have told the hard drive never to overwrite those sectors.

Button Camera

They could have a spy camera somewhere watching what you do.

Check your laptop, work area, and person thoroughly for anything resembling a camera. Also try covering different areas with paper to see if this stops them.

Direct Observation

Someone could be looking over your shoulder.

This could be the most likely option. It sounds like you are in a rather small work area. Perhaps someone is simply looking directly at your screen.


How to upgrade Ubuntu 18.04 Beta 2 to Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Final Release?

I am in the same situation as you.

cat /etc/os-release

NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 18.04 LTS"
VERSION_ID="18.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=bionic
UBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic

So I think it is already updated, as N0rbert commented.


ubuntu-xboxdrv creates 4 controllers automatically. How do I get rid of them?

I think you should use regular xboxdrv instead of ubuntu-xboxdrv. ubuntu-xboxdrv is an unofficial modified version of xboxdrv, so I doubt you'll get help with it here on Ask Ubuntu. Install regular xboxdrv and see if maybe that solves your problem. If it doesn't, don't switch back to ubuntu-xboxdrv. (For when you install xboxdrv, you may get a newer version by adding the official PPA with the command "sudo add-apt-repository ppa:grumbel/ppa". Use that and run "sudo apt-get update" before removing ubuntu-xboxdrv and installing xboxdrv.)


Hour + download of Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. Am I doing something wrong?

Case 1) You have installed Ubuntu and then trying to update softwares:
In the resources tab of GNOME System Monitor, you can see the network usage.
There you can check, whether the network is really the issue.
Case 2) You are trying to install latest software updates during installation:
Do not do it during installation time, install it without updates. Once you have a fully working system, then try to update. You will be in a position to diagnose it better.
Could you please enlighten where on Ubuntu website is the list of recommended softwares that you have indicated.
Edit: Do not check "Install this third-party software" either, as this also downloads from internet.


What are some alternatives to jDownloader for 12.04?

For an alternative available in the repositories, try Tucan Manager tucan, although I haven't had a very good experience with it.
For a lightweight GUI alternative, I highly recommend FreeRapid (it still uses Java)
For a non-Java GUI, try Pyload (deb files available)
If you are comfortable with the command-line, try plowshare, also available from the ppa:plowsharepackagers/ppa PPA.


This is actually quite easy,  I have done it myself before I build another HDD into my system.  Make shore u have an Ubuntu 32bit.iso version.  Just put it into u CD ROM and click install.  The System will ask u if u would like to create a partition.  NB Important is the ending - .iso  .  Have fun,  just u should always make shore that u important files are safe.  I do this by saving them on an external HDD.


The installer needs to remove operating system files from the install target, but was unable to do so.

If you want to preserve files on your /home partition (/dev/sda3) but not on your root (/) partition, you can simply check the box under the "Format?" column for root (/). This will completely wipe this partition, while leaving /home unaffected -- IF you do NOT check the equivalent box for it.

If you have any doubts and want to preserve existing data, BACK IT UP BEFORE INSTALLING! If you lack adequate backup space, then GET IT NOW! Too many people neglect backups, and it comes back to bite too many of them.


Can I replace the XScreenSaver lock dialog with the version from Gnome-Screensaver

I share your opinion on the Xscreensaver unlock screen. However, changing it requires quite a bit of skill and dedication. Some have also offered solutions in this related post:

How do I theme the xscreensaver unlock screen?


How to run programs each time the system boots up?

Add an entry to your crontab to run @reboot:

@reboot command-to-run

Use crontab -e to edit your crontab.

From man 5 crontab:

  Instead  of  the  first  five  fields, one of eight special strings may
         appear:

         string         meaning
          ------         -------
          @reboot        Run once, at startup.
          @yearly        Run once a year, "0 0 1 1 *".
          @annually      (same as @yearly)
          @monthly       Run once a month, "0 0 1 * *".
          @weekly        Run once a week, "0 0 * * 0".
          @daily         Run once a day, "0 0 * * *".
          @midnight      (same as @daily)
          @hourly        Run once an hour, "0 * * * *".


no Wifi Adapter found , earlier everything was working, not working suddenly wireless lan hard-blocked

hula lall la a
I am overflowing with joy..
BECOS I FOUND THE SOLUTION
in my question I said, I forced shutdown.
i earlier tried ctrl + alt + f1 to restart the display manager.

I read somewhere about this ctrl + alt + f1, but don't remember
While pressing and throwing my impulse on the keys, I accidentally had pressed
fn + f2 which unfortunately was the physical switch for hard blocking the wifi adapter.
So my wireless plan got hard blocked.
I read this

and then saw this

Then I pressed Fn + F2. And heavens showered flowers upon me ...
rfkill kills your misery
so earlier
0: dell-rbtn: Wireless LAN
    Soft blocked: yes
    Hard blocked: yes

and now
0: dell-rbtn: Wireless LAN
    Soft blocked: no
    Hard blocked: no

do you know what is different bw my question and answer ?
I had asked the question with my ethernet, and answering it with my wifi


Ubuntu fails to boot after Partition was moved | Superblock not found by GRUB

Re-allocate the memory to its original state and then try to boot into Ubuntu. Should work.
Then Partition again using Gparted in Ubuntu.


Is there a user-friendly setup to reduce performance and fan thresholds?

Yes there is; install cpufrequtils.

You can then adjust CPU settings using cpufreq-set. These will not modify fan speeds; but you can indirectly modify fan speeds by slowing down the CPU ;).


No Video after Alternate install (12.0.4.5) 4k monitor

I fixed this by adding the following to grub at the end on my kernel options

nouveau.modeset=0

and then doing

sudo update-grub

I am now installing nVidia proprietary driver


Apparently there's no package in the current repository so the safest method is to use a somewhat older version. There's a detailed guide that describes how to add the relevant repository and how to install this software at: http://acestreamguide.com/linux/


You can create new bash files simply with creating a new file and making it executable.

e.g.

touch simplebash.sh

now add the shebang to the file so it knows in which shell you actually want to run the script.

You can do this with this simple echo forward or just simple edit the file with an editor

echo "#!/bin/bash" > simplebash.sh

Change the permissions so it is executable

chmod a+x simplebash.sh

Now you can start writing your script/commands into the script and run it in the terminal with this.

./simplebash.sh

There are different ways but this is the simpliest.
Now stopping your running python script is nothing more then sending the appropriate kill signal.

e.g. kill 15 processname or pid is the soft way to tell the program please stop and clean up after yourself. Those signals are usually handled by the script/program themselve. If it doesn't react to any kind of signal you can send a kill 9 proccess name or pid which is a signal that cannot be caught by the program/script and means as much as terminate it.


how to reset/restor my keboard setting to the original setting?

Do it one by one. (Source).

Go to Settings. (On terminal type gnome-control-center and press Enter )
Click Devices in the sidebar.
Click Keyboard in the sidebar to open the panel.
Click the row for the desired action. The Set shortcut window will be shown.
Hold down the desired key combination, or press Backspace to reset, or press Esc to cancel.

or try the command

gsettings reset-recursively  org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings


There is a method of installing Ubuntu to run "persistently" from your Flash drive, but I would recommend against it for any routine use.  Thumb drive Flash RAM wears out much more quickly than SSDs, and the wearout is far less predictable.  You'll be running happily on your USB stick, and the next time you want to start, it won't, because too many cells have gone bad for the thumb drive's balancing system to work around -- and there's no warning this is about to happen.

Your SSD is faster than any thumb drive (even a top-end, USB 3.0 version is limited by the USB transfer speed, which is less than that of the current version SATA interface).  Therefore, the best way to preserve the rapid starting of your computer is to install to your SSD in a dual- or multi-boot setup.  You'll spend several seconds in GRUB, but from there, you'll get the fastest start your hardware is capable of.


How to display the content of my included PHP file on my included HTML file (Ubuntu Server 14.04)?

PHP is designed to be embedded into HTML. PHP code begins with a <?php tag and ends with a ?> tag. When the server loads a page, it will run the PHP embedded in the file. Any output that is generated with the echo statement becomes part of your HTML. For example, if your PHP code (.php file) was:

<html>
  <body>
    Hello, my name is:
<?php
echo 'John Doe';
?>
  </body>
</html>

Then when you load that page, the PHP echo statement will give you:

<html>
  <body>
     Hello, my name is:
     John Doe
  </body>
</html>


How to set up bridged networking in Xen?

The issue boiled down to 2 items:

establishing a bridged network interface (xenbr0), and
learning how to configure existing domU's which did not have configuration files.

Establishing a bridged network interface (xenbr0):

Compiling information from here.

added the following to /etc/network/interfaces:

auto xenbr0
iface xenbr0
bridge_ports eth0
bridge_stp on
bridge_maxwait 0
bridge_fd 0

simply restarting networking didn't do the trick, but restarting the machine and running ifconfig returned :

xenbr0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 50:e5:49:e6:bd:e2
          inet addr:192.168.1.111  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

brctl show returned :

bridge name bridge id       STP enabled interfaces
virbr0      8000.000000000000   yes
xenbr0      8000.50e549e6bde2   yes     eth0
tap4.0
vif3.0
vif4.0

The key here being the eth0 listed as an interface for xenbr0.

Once xenbr0 is configured, we can configure the domU's to use it as their interface.

Using method 2 found here :

Export the virtual machines configuration
xm list -l SLES10 > sles10 where "SLES10" is your domU's name
Backup the file sles10, you may need it in the event that something is corrupted.
Open the file sles10 for editing
Locate the line reading

(bridge virbr0)

Change it to

(bridge eth0)

Save the file
Reimport the new configuration

xm new -F sles10

Upon restart, both domU's are now on the 192.168.1 subnet.


How can I restore the swap drive used by ubuntu, back to windows 7?

Just start "gparted" in Ubuntu and "format" the swap-partition to ntfs... ;)

BE CAREFUL! Every data on the formated partition will be deleted!


Install Ubuntu on HCL Beanstalk Desktop?

Click 'Read the full installation instructions' on this page for more help.

If main Ubuntu (Unity (3D)) isn't fast enough for that PC, you can try the 'Unity 2D' option if you get Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS, or you can use the following command to install the GNOME desktop and you can then select 'GNOME Fallback' when logging in for a lightweight-yet-Ubuntu desktop (to open a Terminal, press Ctrl + Alt + F1 then use Ctrl + Alt + F7 to switch back to the graphical desktop):

sudo apt-get install gnome


How to convert all footnotes to endnotes in LibreOffice Writer?

Try going to Tools / Footnotes & Endnotes.  Select the Footnotes tab.  Change the selection from "end of page" to "end of document".  It changed all of mine in the whole document, just like I was hoping for.


Unable to populate a KDE Quicklaunch widget via the Plasma Scripting Interface?

I've been playing around with your code:
If you use:

var qlurls = ["file:///usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop",
          "file:///usr/share/applications/org.kde.dolphin.desktop"
         ];

you should get your panel with the application shortcuts.


Ubuntu Server 20.04 - How to connect Wi-Fi on Raspberry Pi 3 Model A+

[SOLVED]
same issue (but with raspberry PI 3 model B)
solution at https://askubuntu.com/a/1143594/385361 works for me… (with my right wifi password). Finally, I just add lines in /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml and reboot.
If it doesn't works, think to have a look to your /var/log/syslog and search netplan or/and wlan0 words, in my case with bad password, I had :
wlan0: CTRL-EVENT-SSID-TEMP-DISABLED id=0 ssid="my_ssid_box" auth_failures=1


How can I install the util linux version of the column command in 18.04?

There is a bug report on this problem you can subscribe to. The more people that subscribe the greater chances it will be fixed:

  The 'column' program included in upstream util-linux
  (https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/util-linux/util-linux.git/tree/text-utils/column.c)
  is newer than the included in the bsdmainutil package
  (https://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/bsdmainutils/bsdmainutils.git/tree/usr.bin/column/column.c).
  However, debian/rules from util-linux package states the opposite, and
  therefore Ubuntu now is using 'column' from bsdmainutils instead of
  the util-linux one.


Installed Ubuntu over Zorin OS and kept /home, but probably kept some bad configurations

Well, I 'solved' the problem by wiping everything and installing anew.
I still don't have an idea what was behind the exact problem, which is too bad since if it happens again in the future I'll have to delete everything again. But at least it is a solution of a kind.
Thanks to @Nmath and @guiverc for the suggestions.


The purpose of updating after adding a ppa repository

From the manpages:

update is used to resynchronize the package index files from their sources.
           The indexes of available packages are fetched from the location(s) specified
           in /etc/apt/sources.list. For example, when using a Debian archive, this
           command retrieves and scans the Packages.gz files, so that information about
           new and updated packages is available. An update should always be performed
           before an upgrade or dist-upgrade. Please be aware that the overall progress
           meter will be incorrect as the size of the package files cannot be known in
           advance.

Adding apt-add-repository just adds a line to /etc/apt/source.list.

apt-get update downloads the latest package index from all the known repositories

Also I recommend reading apt-get wiki pages


Dell M6600, AMD Firepro M8900, Graphics Driver and Power issues

I was using the default open-source drivers without any problems with my m6600 (with AMD FirePro M8900) until this morning - now everything is horribly slow/lagged.  Not sure what's going on.  I also had problems with fglrx so I don't think that is an option.

edit: I have some new, very interesting information.. it appears it was my GTK 2.0 theme selection that was causing all of my performance issues with the open source drivers.  I was using a theme called "Adwaita Wolfe V4" and anytime I opened an app that used the GTK menus that's when performance crawled.  As soon as I selected a different gtk theme with gnome-tweak-tool, things started working buttery smooth again.  Hope this helps someone else out.  It should be noted that I'm also seeing high powerdrain with powertop.. best I can do is ~68 watts by toggling all the tunables to 'good'.


Ubuntu screen size does not fit properly in my desktop computer monitor. It does not use the full monitor screen

To set resolution as 1366x768 for example:

Go to C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox and run the following command, then restart virtual machine:

VBoxManage.exe setextradata global GUI/MaxGuestResolution 1366,768

This will set the resolution for all guest OS.


How can I convert a .tex file to a PDF via the command line?

At the command line, first install the texlive package if it isn't already installed:
sudo apt-get install texlive

Then use the pdflatex utility to convert the file like this:
pdftex /path/to/myfile.tex

The path /path/to/myfile.tex is, of course, an example path. You would put the path to your own file on your system.
Notice that although the utility is called pdflatex you execute it with the command pdftex (without the la).
There are several settings that you can read about in the help for pdflatex:
pdflatex --help

The setting I use the most is the one to generate the pdf in a different directory:
pdflatex --output-directory=../otherdir /path/to/myfile.tex

The pdflatex utility is also interactive, so that if you forget to supply necessary information it will prompt you to enter it before converting the file.


The next step is force node to commissioning, you can find Node pages as actions, it will power on the servers and commission it and power it off again.

after you install any service on that node it will power-on and ....


How do I integrate Periscope with Nautilus?

Here's a simple Nautilus script that should do the job:

#!/bin/bash

# NAME:         Get_subtitles
# AUTHOR:       (c) 2014 Glutanimate
# DEPENDENCIES: periscope (https://code.google.com/p/periscope/)
# LICENSE:      MIT license (http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)

LANGUAGE="en"

while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
    MOVIE="$1"
    periscope "$MOVIE" -l "$LANGUAGE"
    shift
done

Installation instructions.

Note: I don't have periscope installed so I'd appreciate your feedback on whether the script works or not.


Where can I find a list of Tags for the Lyx Document processor?

The best source for Lyx Tags is the Lyx Frequently asked questions (FAQs) on their Wiki site.

You can access it here


Why do I need an Ubuntu One account for the Ubuntu Touch App store?

An Ubuntu One account is used for single sign on across all of the Ubuntu properties like Launchpad, the Software Center, Ask Ubuntu, the Forums, Discourse, etc so that you don't have to make multiple accounts on different sites.


Is the latest provided php5 package in an LTS distribution secure?

As stated in the Security Team FAQ on the Ubuntu Wiki:

  Ubuntu is currently divided into four components: main, restricted, universe and multiverse. Packages in main and restricted are supported by the Ubuntu Security team for the life of an Ubuntu release, while packages in universe and multiverse are supported by the Ubuntu community.

PHP5.3 is part of the main component (as listed on the php5 package page) and as such is supported by the Ubuntu security team until April 2017 (12.04 LTS end of life date).

As listed on the php5 package page, the latest security patch for php 5.3, at time of writing, is of March 3, 2014 (5.3.10-1ubuntu3.10).


Flash player keeps crashing in firefox with ubuntu 12.04

I once had similar problems, both with blueish flash videos and flashplayer crashing.

I suggest you follow the solution offered here, namely the second or third answer from above from the community wiki.

Every single problem I ever had with flash under Ubuntu has been solved that way.

Good luck to you and best regards!


Missing date & time applet from top Unity panel

Having date and time gone on Ubuntu 13.10 beta, after next reboot, this command solves the problem:

killall unity-panel-service