First, you will need to download the current version of Ubuntu at  Download Ubuntu Desktop. Select your architecture (32-bit vs 64-bit), and click the big orange button. If your computer has at least 2GB of RAM, select the 64-bit version of Ubuntu. If you are unsure of the flavor you need, select 32-bit as it will run even if you have a 64-bit processor. You may also download any distro release, such as Kubuntu or Xubuntu or Other Flavours.
Next, you will be downloading a large .iso file, about 800MB-1.6GB. It can take up to a few hours, depending on your connection speed. Let the file download. Then, you will be burning it onto a DVD or LiveUSB. The Ubuntu 14.04 .iso file is too large to fit on a CD, so you will need to either burn it to a DVD or else make an Ubuntu live USB using a flash drive that has at least 2GB. (links are for Windows, if you are switching from another operating system check the "Easy ways to switch to Ubuntu" section on the download page.)
If you are using Windows 7 or higher, you may double-click this file (assuming you don't have another program associated with it). Otherwise, install ImgBurn (sadly, not open source). You may also may be able to right-click and select 'Burn to Disk'.:

More instructions can be found here or here if you need them
You now should have burned your disk. If you open the disk using your file manager, there should be a bunch of files like wubi.exe, autorun.inf, pics, and pool, among others. If you have just one file on the disk with the same name as your ISO, make sure you are using a disk burning utility. Do not just drag and drop the ISO file. It will not work.
Now, put the disc back in your optical drive, and reboot your computer. On a PC, you should have a key like Delete, F2, F10 or another key that will get you to your boot sequence menu. You can enter your BIOS menu by pressing one of these keys as soon as the motherboard splash screen appears when the computer is booting. Otherwise consult the manual for your computer or BIOS and look for something similar to boot from external media or choose a startup disk (⌥ or Alt on Macs) to find the key that is needed. Follow the screen prompts to boot from the optical drive your new disc is in.
Assuming you are not booting UEFI, press Shift once you get a purple screen with a picture at the bottom. Select your language with the arrow keys and Enter. Now, you should be confronted with a menu. You may try Ubuntu without installing, or you may install it. If you want to try it, choose "Try Ubuntu without installing", try it, double-click the Install Ubuntu icon on the desktop, and continue with this guide. Note that this test version is slower because it is running from a CD/DVD/USB, not your hard disk. Some versions of Ubuntu will give a graphical menu for this step.

Now, you will be confronted with a checklist. You may safely disregard the second option 'Install this third-party software', though Adobe Flash Player and some proprietary video codecs may not work, unless you enter the commands at the end of this guide.

Now it is time to partition your hard disk. If you want to avoid losing data or dual boot, this step is crucial. If you want to just clear out whatever is already on your hard disk, and use all of the space for Ubuntu, select that option, and skip to step 10. If you want to dual boot and trust the Ubuntu installer (not recommended), select the option to install side-by-side, and skip to step 10. If you want to manually set up dual boot, select the choice for advanced partitioning and proceed to the next step.

Find your current Windows partition. It should be the first or second under sda, and its type should be NTFS. Click it once, and click Edit to invoke the partition settings dialog. Reduce the size by at least 40,000 MB, or more if you have extra free space on your old installation. If you have a separate Documents partition, you may resize that instead. Then click in the free space you have created and click Add, setting the type to Swap area, and giving about 1.5-2 times your RAM (Note that the input box takes sizes in MB, not GB.) You will now have swap space. Click in the remaining free space and add an ext4 partition with the default size (maximum possible recommended), and the mount point as /. You may also want to do a /home partition, which is where all your user files in Ubuntu will go. If you make a mistake anytime during this, click Revert.

For more detailed instructions (and with screenshots) on this step, read How to use manual partitioning during installation?
We are now ready to install! Click 'Install Now', and allow the partitioning tool in the Ubuntu installer to write changes. Now you should be prompted to select a time zone. The Ubuntu installer wisely tries to guess your time zone, assuming you have a functioning internet connection.

You will now be confronted with a choice of languages again. Select your language, and on the next step, select your keymap (keyboard layout). If you are unsure, click on the button to detect your keyboard layout.

On the next screen, you may set your username, display name, and password. Pick a strong password. A strong password can contain lowercase alphabetic, uppercase alphabetic, numeric and other printable characters. Although your username must be all lowercase, your display name is what is displayed in the login menu and may contain capital letters and spaces in it.

If you dual boot with Windows, you will be faced with an option to migrate documents. Pick the users and folders you want to migrate.

Now you may sit back with no trepidation, until faced with the prompt stating the installation is complete.

If you installed on a UEFI system you may want to run the following commands before booting into your new installation:

sudo su;
efi="/target/boot/efi/EFI"; \
if [[ -e "${efi}/boot" ]]; then \
  echo "Backup:"; \
  mv -v "${efi}/boot/" "${efi}/boot-bak-$(lsb_release -cs)"; \
fi; \
echo "Copy:"; \
cp -va "${efi}/ubuntu" "${efi}/boot"; \
arch="$(ls -1 {efi}/ubuntu/shim*.efi)"; \
arch="${arch#*shim}"; \
arch="${arch%.efi}"; \
cp -v "${efi}/boot/shim${arch}.efi" "${efi}/boot/boot${arch}.efi";

This will copy Ubuntu's boot files to the default bootloader location and backup any previously existing files. By doing this you save yourself from headaches caused by non-standards compliant behavior of some UEFI firmwares found on VirtualBox as well as some older HP, Toshiba, Sony and other devices. Related bug report.
If you changed the drives' boot order in the BIOS during step #5 in order for the system to boot from the Live DVD / USB (or the system was configured already to boot from the DVD / USB drive) and click "Restart now", the system will reboot into the Live DVD / USB and not into your fresh installation. Remember to either roll back the changes you made in the BIOS or remove the medium (according to whether you want your current boot order configuration to stick or not) before booting again.

After you finish all these steps, connect to the internet, open the terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run these commands:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

This will update the packages on your system and install codecs for proprietary files with restricted copyright (MP3, AVI, MPEG, Microsoft fonts) and Adobe Flash Player.

Enjoy Ubuntu!


I would check two things

First file exists are not ?

what is the output of

ls -ltrh /var/www/html/owncloud/3rdparty/swiftmailer/swiftmailer/lib/classes/Swift.php

If file exits then step 2

what is the permission of file

 /var/www/html/owncloud/3rdparty/swiftmailer/swiftmailer/lib/classes/Swift.php

does it having read permissions ?
If not do chmod 755

chmod 755 /var/www/html/owncloud/3rdparty/swiftmailer/swiftmailer/lib/classes/Swift.php

If file not exists I hope you know what need to be done.


What should I install to fix this error in Moovida Media Center?

The company behind the moovida software is Fluendo - naturally they would recommend that you purchase their Fluendo Complete Codec Pack - this is available in the software center.  If you do this, at least you will get support from the company itself.

The alternative is to investigate using software such as Handbrake or WinFF to convert the MTS files to a format that you have a codec for & that is supported by Moovida - for example:

  Moovida supports most commonly used file formats. A partial list of
  codecs and file containers includes: mpeg/mpg, mpeg1, mpeg2, vp6,
  svq3, mpeg4, h264, h263, theora, wmv, avi, asf, mov, ogg,
  matroska(mkv), flv, mp3, ac3, aac, dts, vorbis, flac, wma.


Cant access Internet through wired connection

Lets see if its a DNS issue.

Type Network in your search and then open Network Connections. Under Wired you should see a connection named Auto eth0 as seen below.

Click Edit from the right and enter your password and you should see a window similar to the one below.

Now change the method to Automatic (DHCP) addresses only and down the bottom next to DNS servers enter 8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4 as seen below. These are DNS servers provided by Google and are very reliable.

Now click Save down the bottom and lastly lets restart your network connections to make sure we are using the new settings. The easiest way is to turn your network off and on again as seen in the image below. But if you are comfortable with the terminal type Terminal in your search and open it up then type the following to restart your network connections.

$sudo service networking restart

Now lets check before trying the internet again so type Network in your search again and this time choose Network and you should see something similar to the image below.

Now try your browser again and let me know how you go.


How to default to headphones on plugging them in?

The popup can be disabled using this extension:
https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1482/remove-audio-device-selection-dialog/
It's working for me on GNOME Shell 3.38.1


A JRE is already available in the Ubuntu repositories: OpenJDK. It is not the official Oracle JRE, but it works fine.

To install it, just execute in the console:

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre

For Java support in the browser, execute:

sudo apt-get install icedtea-7-plugin

Note: you could use the Ubuntu Software Center to search and install those packages.

OpenJDK works fine, but if you want the official Oracle JRE, replace the first command by:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer


Interrupted a device firmware update and now I can't boot into Ubuntu

My steps to solve this were:

Panic
Boot to a boot repair disk. I had one handy from a previous issue (I resized my /boot partition and broke GRUB)
Post to AskUbuntu with a) some faulty assumptions about what the problem was stemming from (not helpful) and b) a copy of the Boot Repair pastebin (would have been more helpful without those faulty assumptions)
Realize that if I could boot to boot repair, I could probably get into the BIOS.
Rebooted, and interrupted the default boot order to select safe mode of my previous kernel.
Booted successfully into the older kernel and ran synaptic's recommended updates
Re-booted successfully into the new kernel.

So the lesson for me here is a) describe the symptoms clearly and don't jump to conclusions; b) try booting into an older kernel so you can run updates.


Graphical freezes and live CD boot failures

Probably some sort of hardware incompatibility with some versions/distros. You could try searching for your exact laptop & someone else might already know what will work for it, but I think it might be a boot option...

Tried some boot options that might help? The live iso has some listed under it's F6 "Other Options" menu. Like nomodeset, noacpi, noapic, nolapic, etc...?

See this Ubuntu help page for more info https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootOptions


Are there any webcam programs that save the date in the meta data?

Guvcview should do it. It has pretty good EXIF metadata support (and EXIF Date is the most basic one anyway). Just checked a capture and dates are definitely saved in METADATA.

You could try mencoder / VLC for other webcam capture options.


Problem in installing Ubuntu 12 using USB

Try creating the bootable USB using UnetBootIn.

My experience with this program is excellent.

Otherwise if you have another Ubuntu computer you may try "Startup Disk Creator"


You can use dd if=/path/to/iso of=/dev/sdX bs=16M
Sorry to see you go.


Wi-Fi doesn't work well , disconnect (but connected) every 10 minutes

Have you tried installing the drivers for your wireless in the 'additional drivers' section of your system settings? Often these problems occur because of incompatible or faulty drivers.

It may help others to answer your question if you specify:

Are you using a laptop? What is the make and model?
What wireless hardware and drivers are you using?

Although it is a discontinued support program you should take a look at some of the documentation on the ubuntu wiki that can help diagnose and guide you through any hardware compatibility issues:

Does Ubuntu Support the hardware configuration on your Laptop?

Is your wireless card supported?

It may be easier to just surf through the Ubuntu Friendly site.

Sometimes the network struggles with WPA. User Erik Dietrich has a possible solution:

Laptop Wifi problems

Tell me if any of this works.


Unable to comment, so asking question here - Have you tried fsck in the recovery mode ?

You could also repair the boot after logging in -

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair


adb won't find my device when trying to install Ubuntu Touch

Nevermind, finally I was able to do it on my own. I had to edit the file HOME/.android/adb_usb.ini, and add "0x2207" there (in the last line). When I plugged the tablet I used "$ adb devices" and it was there, so problem solved. I copy the link here just in case it is useful for someone else.

http://www.slatedroid.com/topic/41219-connecting-to-a-rk3066-based-board-via-adb-on-linux/

Thanks!

P.D.: udev rules where modified, but I was looking somewhere else. Thanks anyway @earthmeLon


Buy a new laptop!
This strongly looks like your graphics chip is dying. My last laptop died because of the same problem. It will become worse the longer you keep it like this and the hotter the chip gets. If you also see an increase of the artefacts when the laptop heats up, it's a pretty sure thing. Also the fact that this started suddenly and on all installed systems supports the theory.
Maybe it could be possible to disassemble the laptop and change the graphics card, but without looking it up, it sounds more like an integrated chip, maybe even included in the CPU itself, so it is probably impossible to swap that.
I am sorry for you, but as you're saying it was an old laptop, I guess and hope it does not hurt too much...


How do I install the correct Ethernet driver?

See How do I get an Atheros AR8162 working? for a mini-HOWTO

http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Download/stable/#Additional_patches_to_stable_releases is the source for newer compat-wireless drivers and for different kernels.

You might need to install linux-headers-generic build-essential via apt-get.


My gear icon thing up in the top right corner has turned red.. why?

This happens when there's an update/upgrade that will only be completed after you restart.

This generaly only applies to kernel updates or, of course, upgrading to an ubuntu major release.


I had a similar issue when trying to establish an FTP connection and the problem disappeared for no reason.

But check your internet connection, whether you've typed the URL correctly etc.


How to set shortcuts to screenshot on Ubuntu Mate 16.04 LTS?

You need to open MATE Control Center, then click on Keyboard Shortcuts (or while using Ubuntu MATE panel layout — System→Preferences→Hardware→Keyboard Shortcuts).
Also you can open it from terminal or Alt+F2 prompt with mate-keybinding-properties.

Here in Custom Shortcuts I have
Area screenshot to file with mate-screenshot -a -i command
and Shift+Print shortcut.

Above:

-a means --area to "Grab an area of the screen instead of the entire screen".
-i means --interactive to "Interactively set options" (it a workaround, on my systems it does not work without it)

In dconf syntax it is written as:

dconf load / << EOF
[org/mate/desktop/keybindings/custom1]
action='mate-screenshot -a -i'
binding='<Shift>Print'
name='Area screenshot to file'
EOF


Okular: set arbitrary pages in one row under the overview mode

In ~/.config/okularpartrc, add a PageView section if it's not there already, and set ViewColumns so that it reads:

[PageView]
ViewColumns=4

I worked this out by inspecting /usr/share/config.kcfg/okular.kcfg, after chimak111 on kubuntuforums.net discussed it.  One can see from that file that the maximum is 8.  Some other cool settings might be lurking there, like this one.  For some use cases with a big screen, lots of columns like this would be fantastic.


Scroll has become remapped to right click in Gedit

The command xmodmap -e 'pointer = default' will restore different actions of mouse to defaults.


Localhost subdomains work, but remote address won't

I'm assuming your DNS domain is correctly configured and new.myaddress.com and old.myaddress.com correctly resolve to your server IP. You can check that on another machine with:

nslookup old.myaddress.com

It's odd that your configuration works locally and not remotely, if these names resolves to the same IP. Is a ping to each address ends up to the same IP address than nslookup reports?

Another thing, the ServerName should't have the same value for multiple VirtualHost. You can use any ServerAlias you want as long as the same value is used only once. I'd remove the www.myaddress.com from the old website VirtualHost configuration.

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost.com
    ServerName old.myaddress.com
    DocumentRoot /var/www/oldwebsite/myaddress.com
    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost.com
    ServerName www.myaddress.com
    ServerAlias new.myaddress.com
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html
    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>


Mac OS X-like built-in dictionary in Ubuntu

Check out GoldenDict. It's one of my favorite pieces of software. Cross-platform compatible dictionary look-up! It's highly customizable and compatible with a plethora of different dictionary formats and pretty much any website out there (e.g. wikipedia, dict.cc, etc.):

You can either install it from the USC or get one of the latest development releases from the OpenSUSE build repository (e.g. for 12.04 LTS/amd64).

As far as dictionaries are concerned, I'd suggest you install Wordnet 3.0 to get started. Some notes on supported dictionary formats and where to find them may be found here.


Ubuntu 13.04 not booting - Boot-repair not working

Do you have any documentation of partition table layout before? Or do you remember details?

It looks like the two FAT12 partitions are just wrong.
And Linux is the one at 7193 to 11328.
Did you then have an extended with some unallocated (or swap?) and a NTFS data partition starting at 11329?

All the other D deleted look like versions before changing thing around to install LInux or Windows errors in writing new partition table.

See if you can change Linux partition to primary and write partition table. You may have to delete FAT12 incorrect ones first.


According to the konsole help command:

konsole --help

  -e <cmd>                  Command to execute. This option will catch all following arguments, so use it as the last option.

It will run the commands after it.  What it means by last option, is that you can do like the following:

konsole --fullscreen -e 'bash -c "sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade; bash"'

Where if you put the -e command before the --fullscreen you'll get the quick window that will open and close.  So, it has to be after the other options you want to use.  Also, the ; bash at the end of the command is what tells the system to keep the konsole window open after the command completes.

Hope this helps!


Please follow the 1st paragraph of https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI


How do I remove all packages from a certain repository?

Check out ppa-purge .

Usage:

ppa-purge -purge <nameofppa> [-s hostserver]

Hostserver defaults to ppa.launchpad.net.

Here is the link to the manpage for the ppa-purge command  for reference.


How do I import a Windows vista User Account on my partitioned drive?

According to the OP the import in fact worked:

  Nevermind, I have found it. It only took a few minutes before my Drive
  appeared and I was able to access my files. – Austin Dec 3 '11 at
  22:59


VS code Debugger cant the Program C# on Ubuntu OS

I Found The problem and fixed it it was a syntax issue

{
    "name": ".NET Core Launch (console)",
    "type": "coreclr",
    "request": "launch",
    "preLaunchTask": "build",
    "program": "${workspaceRoot}/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.1/Code.dll>",
    "args": [],
    "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
    "stopAtEntry": false,
    "console": "internalConsole"
}

THe ">" at the end of this line is the problem' its a leftover from the original code


How do I install joomla 1.7 on a lamp server?

Joomla is a popular open source CMS that allows to create from scratch professional websites for your business or personal use. Currently, the latest version released is Joomla 1.7.2, which we are going to make the tutorial on.

In this guide we will see how to install Joomla 1.7.x on a system running Ubuntu 11.10/11.04. Before we start, you need to install first an Apache web server (LAMP) on your system along with PHP and MySQL.

Getting Started

After installing LAMP, open the terminal and follow this sequence of instructions:

Adding Joomla To Apache sudo apt-get install apache2

Add a config file for Joomla in Apache with these commands:

cd /etc/apache2/
sudo cp sites-available/default sites-available/joomla

Enable now the Joomla site with these commands:

sudo a2ensite joomla
sudo service apache2 restart

Creating MySQL User & Database sudo apt-get install mysql-server

Sign in to your MySQL server with this command and submit your MySQL password you submitted during the installation of LAMP:

mysql -u root -p

Create a database called joomla with this command:

create database joomla;

Create now a MySQL user having also the name "joomla" with this command (replace with any  password of your choice):

GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, \
LOCK TABLES ON joomla.* TO 'yourusername'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword';

xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx. = ip of your desktop

GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, \
LOCK TABLES ON joomla.* TO 'yourusername'@'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword';

Exit MySQL server:

exit

Downloading Joomla (v 1.7.2) download from the joomla website extract in your desktop and transfer to your server with filezilla via sftp

sudo mkdir /var/www/joomla
move it to the /var/www/joomla folder
Assign ownership to the www-data user for Joomla files with this command:

sudo chown -R www-data.www-data /var/www/joomla/

Installing PHP

Execute the command -

sudo apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5 php5-mysql

Then restart the Apache server to load php modules -

  sudo service apache2 restart

Disabling Output_Buffering

The installation of Joomla requires to turn off output_buffering. Here is how to do this:

You need to edit the "php.ini" file with this command:

sudo gedit /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini

Search and replace:

  output_buffering = 4096

To

  output_buffering = off

Installing Joomla

To start the installation of Joomla, on another desktop:

http://IP OF YOUR SERVER/joomla

Then follow the setup wizard. At the Database Configuration page, provide the MySQL settings we have already created:

Database Type : MYSQL
Host Name : Localhost
Username: your username in sql step
Password: the selected password
Database Name: joomla
Table Prefix : Aleatory
Save and close.

When you reach the final screen with congratulations on installing Joomla!, you should remove the installation directory. From root terminal:

  rm -rf /var/www/joomla/installation/


How to use iPhone 4S connection for Internet in Ubuntu 13.04

It is possible. However it depends on your service provider whether it's free or not. You'll have to set a wifi hotspot using your device, this feature is in your settings on your device. Using the hotspot you can tether a connection that Ubuntu will automatically connect to when you plug your device in, or you can connect via wireless if your computer has wireless capabilities.

I know on Verizon and AT&T both you have to pay to activate the hotspot feature on your device, that's the only catch, but otherwise it's as simple as enabling the hotspot and plugging your device in via usb.


If you did a chmod 777 please do a

chmod 775 /opt/lamp

Regarding the error during startup...

MySQL complains about my.cnf being world-writeable. MySQL does not use the config file if you change /opt/lamp/etc/my.cnf to **7. To fix that specific problem do a...

chmod 644 /opt/lampp/etc/my.cnf

and MySQL will use it again.

Regarding permissions...

For directories 775 (or even 755) is more than enough and for files 664 (or even 644) is more than enough. Using 777 will let people from the whole world access your files where they can alter and execute those files.

And a final note...

I see XAMPP being mentioned in your image. I would advice not to use an external LAMP setup. There is a perfectly working LAMP version in Ubuntu Software Center that is custom made to work with Ubuntu.


Of course it was my own fault. In my Linux course at school I created a bin directory in my home folder. I created a SH script that printed hello world, and I called the script ls. When I rebooted Ubuntu automaticly added my home bin folder to PATH, and in the beginning of the PATH so my system looked there first and used that ls executable, this unity did not like very much. I removed the executable and worked perfectly again.


I had a boot time of about 7:30 minutes. Ubuntu 15.10 using Lubuntu desktop on my Dell Inspirion 15 (3521) Laptop. I ran:

sudo systemd-analyze && systemd-analyze blame

Then I found the culprit and masked the service with

sudo systemctl mask <SERVIVE NAME>.

Boot is still a little slow but better 3:13 min. Shaved off 4 minutes of wait time. Still working on other services.

Update: After booting, I also noticed that the system looked for a swap partition. I commented it out in /etc/fstab. Now the boot time is 1:01 min. Oh, I am using Kodibuntu upgraded with Lubuntu desktop.


can't install wine ubuntu 14.04.2 64 bit

I faced the same problem in debian. there it was tz-data and I fixed it by adding the point release repository to apt and then did apt-get update and apt-get upgrade. I don't know how this is exactly done in Ubuntu (didn't face the problem there) but here is the link of the Debian page


Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS with Windows 10 UEFI GUID custom installation

Details of the system in which I have successfully installed Ubuntu 14.04 LTS:

DELL Inspiron 11 (2-IN-1, 3158)
Processor - Intel core i3 - 6100U
RAM - 4.00 GB
UEFI secure boot enabled
HDD - 500GB GUID
Pre-installed OS - Windows 10 Home Single Language

Steps to install Ubuntu 14.04 LTS alongside Windows 10 and without overwriting Windows Boot Manager:

Pre-requisites:

50GB un-allocated HDD space
Bootable USB of Ubuntu 14.04 (64bit)
Disable "Turn on fast startup" in Windows 10

Installation Procedure

Boot system with Ubuntu 14.04 USB in 'UEFI secure boot enabled' mode.
Select Live session.
Double click 'Install Ubuntu' icon on desktop to begin installation.
Installer will auto-detect the presence of Windows boot manager and present applicable options for Installation type.
Under Installation Type, select "Something else" and continue.
Next screen will show the current partitions available on the HDD. Select the un-allocated space and create partitions as described in next steps.
UEFI partition : 250MB
Boot partition : 250MB
Root partition : 48GB
Swap: remaining space
Important step: To install boot loader: Select the UEFI partition which was created in above steps. Do not select the existing UEFI partition which is used by Windows 10.
Continue to begin the installation.

Once installation is over, reboot the system.
You will see GRUB loaded with the options to boot Ubuntu or Windows 10.

At this step, you can verify that both the OSes are working fine.

Now, reboot the system again and enter into the UEFI settings by pressing appropriate button during boot-up (in my case it is F2).

You will observe that there are multiple options in the UEFI boot menu.

Ubuntu
Windows 10
And one or two more entries

Now make Windows 10 as the first option for booting.

Save the settings and exit UEFI setup.

You'll observe that now Windows 10 is booting directly without giving any selection option for Ubuntu.
Since, we have not used the Windows 10 UEFI partition, so windows boot manager is intact.

Now, in order to boot Ubuntu, press F12 (in other laptop models it may be different) during system startup to see the UEFI boot menu.
Select Ubuntu to boot.

Note: ST Microelectronics 3-axis digital accelerometer was not detected by Ubuntu 14.04, so automatic changeover to portrait mode will not work in table mode.


Boot back into your live cd and run boot-repair (instructions here) to update your grub EFI.  Provided the installation did not fail this should get your mac booting into ubuntu.


HP Notebook 17-y020ca under XUbuntu 16.04 unable to resume from suspend

After much research, experimentation and observation, I found the problem above that was the machine was indeed resuming almost entirely -- it was simply not properly setting the video state so that the monitor was on and displaying contents.  I am not sure if this was due to a bug in the amdgpu driver, elsewhere in the kernel, but I found that the easiest way to resolve this was to ignore the man page information for pm-suspend regarding the antiquated character of "--quirk-radeon-off", and indeed to  use that option as follows:

pm-suspend --quirk-radeon-off

Upon resuming, the system resets the video card in the correct state, and the system works well.

I hope that this discovery is of use to others with HP Pavilion laptops, or other similar laptops.  I appreciate all of those who gave my problem some thought.


Better VM Ubuntu on Windows 10 or VM Windows 10 on Ubuntu?

Put Windows on the VM. That way if you never have to worry that porting your Windows installation to a new machine will invalidate the installation ;) If you'll be using Ubuntu more often than Windows, having Ubuntu as the host will save you a lot of boot time.

Pro tip 1: if you have plenty of disk space, create the VM with a raw partition rather than a virtual disk. That will make the VM perform at near native speed.

Pro tip 2: Windows is considerably more of a resource hog than Linux (generally speaking - I'm sure you could configure a Linux install to use lots of resources if you tried hard). You'll need to give the VM an absolute minimum of 8Gigs for the VM to even be usable and min of 16Gig for decent performance.


I had this problem a while ago. What I did to resolve it was go in to the network manager and edit the wirless manager. I had to change mine from wlan0 to eth1. It is weird but it worked.


How do I swap Esc and CapsLock on a command-line system?

Swapping Esc and CapsLock, with combinations, e.g. Ctrl-Esc

dumpkeys | grep -P -i  "^keymaps.*|^keycode.*escape|^keycode.*lock" > swap.map
swap.map should look something like:

keymaps 0-127
keycode   1 = Escape
keycode  58 = CtrlL_Lock
keycode  69 = Num_Lock
keycode  70 = Scroll_Lock

Swap the values of keycodes 1 and 58, while deleting the other _Lock lines; leave the first line intact though.
Try it out with sudo loadkeys swap.map
Assuming it works, simply add this line to /etc/rc.local, before the exit 0 line, to activate the swap upon boot:

loadkeys /home/user/swap.map  # or whatever path you chose

See the source for a more general explanation.


Trying to find out away to remap mouse click to left CTRL button on my desktop

xdotool
With xdotool [manpage for the xdotool command] we can assign any mouse event to a keyboard shortcut.
After we had installed xdotool with
sudo apt-get install xdotool

we can open the system settings keyboard dialog to assign a new custom shortcut or replace an exisiting shortcut with a new command

Press + for a new shortcut where
xdotool click 1

is the left mouse button (2 for middle, 3 for right button etc. see manpage). After selecting the "New Accelerator" in the list simply press the key you want the mouse click assigned to.
In case there already is a system shortcut defined to this key you may  have to remove this shortcut first (-).

Universal Access
Alternatively you may also want to consider using the inbuilt Universal Access features for the mouse from the System Settings:

You will find three entries to ease mouse operation:

Control the pointer using the keypad: 4862 move the mouse in small steps, and 5 is a left-klick.

Trigger a secondary click (AKA double-click) by pressing and holding the left mouse button.

Hover click: simulates a click after a defined delay on hover over a button. We can select which mouse action to assign:


WUBI installs Ubuntu within a Windows partition, and it is quite apparent that Windows break your Ubuntu installation. In a regular installation, Ubuntu will get its own partition, and the chances of Windows breaking something are much smaller.

First, download the ISO image of the Ubuntu CD and burn it on a CD. Then, you can use Windows to shrink the Windows partition, and finally tell Ubuntu to install itself in the remaining free space.

If you still want to install the WUBI variant, though, you will need to provide more details:

what is the model of your laptop?
what are, exactly, the error messages?


WiFi not working on MacBook Pro running 12.10

You typed:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall bmcwl-kernel-source

It is not bmcwl, it is bcmwl:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall bcmwl-kernel-source


fglrx is no longer supported on 16.04. AMD discontinued support for its Linux driver, and it isn't compatible (you will break your installation if you attempt to install fglrx on 16.04).

For now, you have to stick with the open source drivers. AMD may be releasing a proprietary driver for Linux that works with 16.04, but it probably won't support very many cards.

Here's a comparison of how the default drivers on 16.04 compare to fglrx on 14.04, if you want to take a look:

http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=ubuntu-1604-amd&num=1


Unable to reinstall MySQL after mistakenly installing MariaDB

Found the answer elsewhere:

Use:

dpkg -P | grep mysql
dpkg -P | grep mariadb

This will find all the installed packages. I uninstalled all of them with:

dpkg -P package-name

Then rebooted.


My home folder ('/home// ') is changed to Desktop

Just for the sake of exemplification, let's assume that your username is abhishek and that your home folder is /home/abhishek, ok? Just change it for the correct info, at my examples below.

Open a shell terminal window and issue the command below, in order to check what's the parameter currently attributed to your $HOME environment variable:

echo $HOME

If the output is not /home/abhishek, then run the command below in order to set the new value of $HOME:

HOME=/home/abhishek

...and then run:

export HOME

...in order to make this change take effect.

Afterwards, run the usermod command just to make sure that the Linux system "knows" that your home folder is in fact /home/abhishek. Here's the full command:

sudo usermod --home /home/abhishek abhishek

Now... Do you have GNOME Edit (aka GEdit or gedit) installed? If not, first install it:

sudo apt-get install gedit -y

...then use GEdit to take a look at your user-dirs.dirs file:

gedit /home/abhishek/.config/user-dirs.dirs

...and fix everything. E.g.: the XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR attribute should look like XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$HOME/Downloads", where "$HOME/Downloads" is the correct parameter and the value of the variable $HOME must be /home/abhishek (your theoretical home folder).

After fixing the code, save the file and close/exit GEdit.

In case you're unable to use the GUI (graphical user interface) because your login / account isn't being identified anymore by the display manager, press Ctrl Alt F1 to switch to the TTYS1 (terminal 1) login prompt (it's in text mode), then log into your account (Linux shell) and use Nano to edit that file:

nano /home/abhishek/.config/user-dirs.dirs

After you fix everything, use Ctrl O to save the changes and Ctrl X to exit Nano. If you don't have Nano installed, run sudo apt-get install nano -y in order to install it and then use it to edit the file.

After saving the changes made to user-dirs.dirs and closing/exiting GEdit/Nano, run this command in order to restart the operating system:

sudo telinit 6

If my answer didn't help you, take a look at this question and also this other one.


Win 7/Ubuntu 18.04 Dual Boot slow wifi ThinkPad T420

I found the following info helpful:

Troubleshooting
Slow WiFi problems when using Bluetooth
Some devices like the 6235 do include a Bluetooth device in the same card, which may lead into radio conflict. Newer devices (7200 and up) try to solve them intelligently, but it is not the case of older ones.

If your WiFi is slow when using Bluetooth, try adding the following to /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf and reboot:

options iwlwifi bt_coex_active=0 swcrypto=1 11n_disable=8

from:  https://wiki.debian.org/iwlwifi

and

How to fix slow wireless on machines with Intel wireless cards?

Good Luck!


Why Unity 3D in Natty doesnt have the same accordion effect we saw in Unity in Ubuntu 10.10 netbook edition

I think you're right, we can make the accordion a little classier in 11.10. There's no way to switch the behaviour in 11.04 now I'm afraid, but a patch for 11.10 would be welcome.


You could create a minimal Makefile

Ex.

$ cat Makefile

CXX := g++
LIBS := -lglut -lGLU -lGL

test:   test.cpp
    $(CXX) -o $@ $^ $(LIBS)

You can then compile and link test simply using

make test

or even, since test is the default (first) target

make


How can i seperately change the workspace on my two screens?

Gnome-Shell does this. If you are ok with using something non-unity, the right screen can switch desktops while the left does not (for me), although I am sure this is configurable.

This is my right monitor, while this

is both my monitors. Notice there is no workspace switcher on the left monitor.

(The workspace switcher is on the very right; it is minimized in the picture.)


Synaptic & aptitude broken after upgrade from 15.10 to 16.04

Open /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01ubuntu using nano, like

sudo nano /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01ubuntu

Then , type the following as it is:

APT::Default-Release "xenial";

Clean your apt cache by running:

sudo rm -rfv /var/lib/apt/lists/*

Then create the the partial folder which was removed by the previous command:

sudo mkdir -pv /var/lib/apt/lists/partial

To make sure, that you have cleaned your lists, run the following command:

sudo apt clean && sudo apt autoclean

Now, update your repository information:

sudo apt update --fix-missing

This should fix your errors.


Does running Ubuntu on a Dell laptop sold with Windows void the warranty?

No it wont void the warranty. You can revert back to windows using the recovery partition or any other recovery media that was supplied with your laptop and your laptop will be back to the state where it was when you bought it. If you are new to Ubuntu and if your laptop comes with recovery partition (which most of laptops these days do) then make sure that you create recovery disks first before installing Ubuntu. Because sometimes people trash their harddisks while installing Linux and that can destroy your recovery partition. Even if you destroy the recovery partition and dont have the recovery disks, you can buy them from dell.


How stop Ubuntu from reading my password out loud every time I log on?

It is probably the Orca screen reader that does this. Turn it off if you do not want this to happen.
(hit dash and search for orca)
Oh and it is possible you turned it on, by accident, at the login screen.
14.04. LTS

16.04. LTS

Make sure "Screen Reader" is unticked.


Bridge interface does not get IP address after reboot

ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 is basically "use DHCP", whereas iface eth0 inet manual is "use static IP" (but none is set).  Both are mutually exclusive, so removing the latter solved your problem.


Ubuntu freezes before or after logging but no in recovery mode

Hey I already solved the problem. The problem was pretty simple to solve actually. If anyone has that problem here is a tutorial:

On grub go to advanced options Ubuntu recovery then when you are on the recovery menu press boot normally. It will boot in Ubuntu recovery mode

Open a terminal

sudo add-apt-repostitory ppa:teejee2008/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install ukuu

Now go to the applications, open the one called ukuu, select the latest kernel, press download, wait for it to download, and then restart the computer and boot ubuntu normally. DONE!


From the KeePassXC website:

  KeePassXC is a community fork of KeePassX, the cross-platform port of
  KeePass for Windows. Every feature works cross-platform and was
  thoroughly tested on multiple systems to provide users with the same
  look and feel on every supported operating system. This includes the
  beloved Auto-Type feature.

And the FAQ:

  KeePassX is an amazing password manager, but hasn't seen much active
  development for quite a while. Many good pull requests were never
  merged and the original project is missing some features which users
  can expect from a modern password manager. Hence, we decided to fork
  KeePassX to continue its development and provide you with everything
  you love about KeePassX plus many new features and bugfixes.

Since the keepassxc package only exists for 18.04, the problems with the manpage should be reported as bugs.


Microsoft Onenote alternative with support for my stylus

There is, but you will need two programs. What I found very useful from OneNote is the ability to upload powerpoints, PDFs, docs, images, etc and type text on them directly, and use my stylus (touch pen) to write and draw diagrams directly on the files. I also liked the organization and search function of OneNote. To have these functions on Ubuntu, install Xournal if you want to use a touch pen (or point cursor) to draw/write on your files (export your powerpoint as PDF before opening with Xournal), then export your Xournal file as PDF, and install Mendeley to organize all your PDFs. Unlike OneNote, in Mendeley, you can direct select text, copy text, and click on links directly from the PDF files in Mendely. If you simply want to take notes and organize them, install EverPad. With Mendely, you can also search text in all of your files. You can sync Mendeley to all other devices and open them online after you create a free online account.


How to Enable Viewing Subdirectories in Apache2 Under WWW under Ubuntu 16.04

I have apparently located an answer. I noticed in phpinfo() that DOCUMENT_ROOT = /var/www/html. I did an internet search to locate the file that string is located in. The file is /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default-conf. See code below. "#" out the line with html in it and added a new line without html.

ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
#DocumentRoot /var/www/html
 DocumentRoot /var/www

Solution found at this website: Changing apache2 document root

In subsequent browsing, I ran across another post that speaks of this issue: What changed in apache2 from saucy to trusty for projects in /var/www [duplicate]


This issue has been resolved - I don't know how - but I'm guessing it was due to an update in Google Chrome as it no longer says the plugin is out of date.


You should be able to remove the broken package like this:

dpkg -r ttf-mscorefonts-installer

As for question #2, I can't know for sure. You will definitely need an internet connection while installing that package.


I was able to recreate this problem exactly when I ran im-switch from the command line. The ibus indicator appears on the menubar, but does not respond.

I haven't tracked down the exact problem caused; but running im-switch after setting up ibus probably leaves the IM setup in an unstable state, running it by itself does not appear to handle all of the needed steps to setup the IM.

There's no need, however, to run im-switch manually since the language-selector handles all the necessary configuration and setup on the backend automatically.

I fixed the problem by resetting the IM method to None so language-selector will reset the changes on the back end, logging out and in again, then going through all of the steps to set up ibus and pinyin input from scratch. (There may be a way to fix it through command line or editing the config files, but the GUI is quick and easy here.)

First, as an aside, you don't need to enable Chinese language support to type Chinese through pinyin input. The language support is for menus, applications, and system use.

For pinyin input (or any input), you only need the packages required by the input method; here it's ibus-pinyin. This should be already installed with Precise 12.04.

Open Language Support from System Settings

If you don't need Chinese menus, etc, you can ignore Install/Remove Languages, but in Keyboard method input system, choose Ibus.

Choosing the IM method from here automatically handles all of the backend setup for you. It's a good idea to log out and back in before doing anything else.

If ibus is already selected, you need to clear the configuration changes that came from running im-switch manually. Simply choose None and language-support will handle the needed backend reset. Log out and back in. Then choose ibus and log out and in again.

Set Ibus Preferences and Input Methods

After logging back in, the ibus indicator should work as intended now. (You can also start the preferences dialog from the command line with ibus-setup.)

As an aside, on the General  tab, it's a good idea to change Show language panel to When active or Always. There is a bug or conflict somewhere that keeps the default option of Embedded in Menu from working. The language panel provides additional functionality, such as choosing simplified or traditional characters, and has advanced options for the pinyin method.

Then choose the Input Method tab. Choose Customize active input methods. Please note that installing Chinese (or any) language support does not automatically set up an input method. You still need to do this separately.

Use the Select an input method button to access the sub-menus of Chinese and Pinyin.

The Select an input method text will change to Pinyin. Then click Add.

You should now see Pinyin in the list of installed input methods. Then click Close.

Ibus can sometimes be a little finicky when using the menus for the first time. You may need to click Preferences more than once after logging back in. (Possibly there's still some configuring going on in the background before it's ready.)

Also, once you have added the input method, you should see pinyin in the menu right away. But a few times with a new install I have had to force Ibus to see an input window first. If that happens, just open an editor like LibreOffice Writer or Gedit and click in the document window.


Maybe give it a go with cron.

  crontab -e

Add a line:

  @reboot ssh remotemachine@ip-address touch success

If you want to allow some time for the system (and interface) to come online:

  @reboot sleep 60 && ssh remotemachine@ip-address touch success

The interface post-up execution makes more sense, cron is easier but not ideal. For Raspberry experimentation it should be good enough.


I get the error "Failed to download repository information. Check your Internet connection." How can I fix this?

I am going to offer several solutions:

To get rid of the cdrom error see here
For the error:

W:Target Sources (main/source/Sources) is configured multiple times in
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/gerardpuig-ubuntu-ppa-xenial.list:2 and
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/gerardpuig-ubuntu-ppa-xenial.list:3`

Open /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gerardpuig-ubuntu-ppa-xenial.list and remove the duplicate entries for that repo there or just add # in front of one of the entry.

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gerardpuig-ubuntu-ppa-xenial.list

To fix this error The repository http://ppa.launchpad.net/noobslab/deepin-sc/ubuntu xenial Release' does not have a Release file.,

remove the repo with:

sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:noobslab/deepin-sc

After that run sudo apt update then sudo apt dist-upgrade


How can I auto-play a YouTube playlist using mps-youtube?

You can get the same behavior in mpsyt by first loading the playlist with

pl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANEpNH2GiUQ&list=PL3tRBEVW0hiBzIOB97URaYILQdNCMZnvn

it will show all videos in the playlist. To play all you can simply type

1-

which will play all videos from the first. If you want to play shuffled you can type

shuffle

before starting the playback with the command above.


freshclam not working because clamav folder in /var/log and /var/log is in ramdisk

I would like to see your fstab. However, if you are mounting your /var/log in /tmpfs then it is not a surprise that you are losing the files you are mounting there at every reboot.


Can anyone suggest a detailed installation process for Ubuntu on Windows 8.2?

Make a bootable USB-stick

To create a bootable USB drive the tool that I advocate using is the Universal USB Installer from www.pendrivelinux.com.

Partition

Windows takes up the whole of the drive when it is first installed. In order to install Ubuntu you will need to make space for it.

Press the "super key" (Windows key) on your keyboard and click the magnifying glass in the top right corner. In the search box start typing "Partitions".

Click on the option called "Create and format partitions". This will bring up the "Disk Management" screen.

To shrink the drive, right click on the "OS (C:)" volume and select "Shrink volume".

A screen will appear showing how much you can shrink the drive by. You can of course choose to shrink the drive by less than offered but never go for any more than offered as you will break your Windows 8.1 operating system if you do.

Click "Shrink" to continue.

When you are finished you will see that there is a lot of unpartitioned space. This is where Ubuntu will be installed.

Fast Boot

To be able to boot to your Ubuntu USB drive you will need to turn off the fast boot option.

Press the "super" key (Windows key) and then click the magnifying glass in the top right corner.
Enter "Control Panel". Click on the "Control Panel" option that appears.
When the "Control Panel" appears click on the "System and Security" heading.

Now click on "Power Options".
On the following screen click on "Choose what the power button does".

A screen will appear with the heading "Define power buttons and turn on password protection".
Scroll down until you see "Shutdown Settings".
An option should be available called "Turn on fast startup" (recommended).
Uncheck this option.

Click "Save Changes".

Secure Boot

In theory you don't need to turn off Secure Boot any more. In practise it is almost certain that you will.

Turning off secure boot depends on the make and model of your computer as each one has slightly different methods for turning it off.

Basically though click on the "super" key (Windows key) and then click on the power icon next to your user name.

Hold down the shift key on your keyboard and select restart computer. Keep the shift key held down until your computer reboots.

You will now have an option to go into your UEFI boot settings.

Within the UEFI settings look for the option to turn off secure boot. You don't have to switch to legacy mode and you shouldn't switch to legacy mode as this will not help your cause.

Save and exit the UEFI settings

Install Ubuntu

When you have turned off secure boot, save and reboot. You will probably end up back in Windows.

Now at this point to boot into Ubuntu on the USB drive I had to again hold down the shift key whilst rebooting the computer.

One of the options that appeared let me boot from the USB drive into Ubuntu 14.04 live and you should have a similar option available to you.

To begin the installation double click on the "Install Ubuntu 14.04 LTS" icon.

The first thing you need to do is decide which language you would like to use.

Unless you feel like the challenge isn't great enough I would choose the language that you would normally use.

Click "Next" to continue.

The next screen lets you choose which internet connection to use whilst installing Ubuntu.

Do what you want...

If you have a good broadband connection you may wish to connect to it now so that you download updates as you go. This will slow down the initial install but will save time later on as you won't have to install lots of updates.

When you click "Next" you will be shown a tick list highlighting how prepared you are for installing Ubuntu.

Click "Continue".

In the past there used to be an option on the "Installation Type" screen to install alongside Windows.

If you are installing alongside Windows 7 on a non-EFI based system then you will still have that option.

Click on "Something Else" and click "Next".

The next screen show the partition table on your computer.

Be very careful with the next few steps.

If you haven't taken that Windows backup, quit the installation, reboot and follow step 1 of this tutorial again.

You will see a large portion of free space, this is from the shrinking before. This is where I put Ubuntu.

The free space is going to be split into 3.

The first partition is for Ubuntu and will be 50 Gigabytes in size. (Examples size)

The second partition is for your home partition and stores configuration files and your personal files such as music, pictures etc.

The third partition is for swap space and is used for intensive operations and suspending the computer.

When you have found the partition with free space, click on it and press the plus symbol (+) under the disk layout.

In the size box enter 50000, select logical as the partition type, select beginning of this space and choose EXT4 as the file system.

For the mount point choose / (this means root).

Click "OK".

The disk layout screen should now show a new partition for /.

Find the large section of free space again, click on it and press the plus symbol again (+).

This time you want to set the size to be the rest of the free disk space minus 2x the amount of memory in your computer.

If you have 8 gigabytes RAM, subtract 16 gigabytes.

Again choose "Logical" as the partition type, beginning of this space for where to put the partition and EXT4 as the file system.

For the mount point choose /home.

The issue of how much swap space to use is constantly up for debate. Some people say you don't need any at all, some go for 1.5 times the amount of RAM and some say 2x.

Unless disk space is at a premium I would just go for the 2x and have done with it.

In theory if you are running lots of intensive processes such as video editing then the swap space is used to store memory that isn't currently being used (swapped) to disk. This is disk intensive and slows down your computer but it will help to prevent a crash. Swap space is also used for suspending your computer.

Now find the free disk space again, click on it and press the plus symbol. (+).

Leave the size as the rest of the free disk space, choose logical as the file system and beginning of this space as the location.

Choose "swap area" as the mount point.

The final thing to concern yourself with when partitioning is where to install the boot loader.

By default it is set to /dev/SDA on the "Installation Type" screen. This can be changed but unless you are using multiple disks you should leave this well alone.

Press "Install Now" to continue.

This worked for me.


You can add the key for the virtualbox ppa like this:

wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -
wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

Source, and more info at https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads

If you don't want or need the virtualbox ppa on your system, you can remove it by opening "Software and Updates" and unchecking it on the "Other Software" tab.


getting error while trying to install ubuntu-tv in ubuntu 14.04 LTS

According to https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuTV/Contributing Ubuntu-TV is only available to be installed in 12.04 (and is suggested to install in a virtual machine if you are running a newer version). I have not tried it, but you could use something like http://www.howtogeek.com/117635/how-to-install-kvm-and-create-virtual-machines-on-ubuntu/ and install Ubuntu 12.04 from the ISO and try Ubuntu-tv there.


How to copy a file or multiple to the directory I previously was?

The last directory you have been is stored in variable $OLDPWD,
So you can use:

cp file(s) "$OLDPWD"

Note: Never go without the quotes even if you won't need them, because if $OLDPWD is empty, and you have 2 files to copy (cp file1 file2 $OLDPWD), you will overwrite file2 with file1. If you added the quotes, you will receive an error message target '' is not a directory.

You can put this as a function in ~/.bashrc:

cp2oldpwd(){ cp "$@" "$OLDPWD"; }

and then use it like this:

cp2oldpwd file1 file2 file3

Note: $OLDPWD is not kept between shell sessions. Read my question from some time ago on how to keep it.


Ubuntu installation on disk already dual boot formatted

I have a Dell Latitude D610 laptop that is old, and what worked for me was a disc. I downloaded the 32 bit ubuntu from the ubuntu website, and then I burned it to a blank 700mb disc. You want to make shore that the boot sequence is set to boot from cd. After this it is pretty self explaining.

Take care...


After installing Ubuntu 12.10, Windows 8.1 disappears from start up menu

From what I read on your explanation it sounds like you did erase your windows installation. I would suggest you read this:

http://askubuntu.com/questions/221835/installing-ubuntu-on-a-pre-installed-windows-8-64-bit-system-uefi-supported

And from personal experience I would suggest when you are planning on dual booting, always install windows first and linux last. Linux works well with other operating systems, but windows has a tendency to not play along well. What happened to me was that it would not show an option to start linux, and many times it would also try and remove linux altogether, so understanding partitioning helps, but installing linux last helps even more X_x


xpad notes remain pasted at the time of startup

Go to your Dash and type Startup Applications. Click on the icon to open the window.

In the command field, type xpad. In the other fields you may enter whatever you want.
The command field requires you to enter the command that will initiate the application from your terminal which is xpad in this case.

Name field is any custom name for the application that you want. You may leave the description empty if you want.


Beep command works but the bell character doesn't

Just struggled with this for a few days, try this

$ alsamixer

then scroll over to beep and turn up the volume if down, also make sure to press M to unmute it (will change it too 00 instead of MM) then give it another try make sure to unmute anything else that is need headphone, speakers hope it helps!


Failed to open \EFI\Microsoft\Boot\grubx64.efi, can't enter BIOS

It sounds to me like your system is not completely shutting off when you are trying to restart. Make sure the machine is powered down completely (pull out the battery if necessary) and then attempt to get into the bios again. It may be tricky but is accessible.

I would rename the files back to the old names and then add a boot option inside of the bios once you are in. If you want to use grub then you have to add the boot option for it by clicking "add boot option" inside of the bios, selecting the drive/partition that grub is on, and then navigate to the grubx64.efi file. This should all be done in the bios and not by renaming the files on the disk.


First install CURL by typing sudo apt install curl
Then Restart Apache by typing sudo service apache2 restart
Then install PHP5 CURL by typing sudo apt install php5-curl
Then Restart Apache by typingsudo service apache2 restart

Link: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/questions/curl-is-not-installed-in-your-php-installation


Internal laptop display is disconnected (LVDS-0 disconnected)

It seems that is a problem with the 361 driver. Installing older ones does not solve the problem, but installing the 364 via ppa solved the problem.

If you need info on how to add the ppa you can follow this link.


How to get the list of all installed softwares and uninstall the ones which user wants(like add/remove programs in Windows) in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS?

"We're not in Kansas anymore..."

Click on the Unity Search button and type "software".  You will see an orange hand bag with an A in it marked "Ubuntu Software Center".  Click that and in a few moments when it settles down, you will see four big menu icons across the top: All Software, Installed, History, and Progress.

Click on the "Installed" icon. You'll see the categories of your software.

Be aware that you can't always remove the single program you select. Sometimes they are installed in packages with others.  If so, you may find yourself removing parts of the Ubuntu installation.  (Hint: that's not a good thing.)


Setup DKIM (DomainKeys) for Ubuntu, Postfix and Mailman

openDKIM and Postfix on Ubuntu Server 12.04LTS

I'll try to come back and format this better. But since there was a request to post my answer, I wanted to post it now rather than wait until I had time to format it properly. Due to lack of time, I wrapped my entire answer in a blockquote. I hope this solution is helpful.

These are my references:

man opendkim-testkey
man opendkim.conf
http://www.serveridol.com/2012/02/17/opendkim-configuring-dkim-keys-on-postfix/
http://stevejenkins.com/blog/2010/09/how-to-get-dkim-domainkeys-identified-mail-working-on-centos-5-5-and-postfix-using-opendkim/
http://blog.example.com/tag/opendkim/
http://blog.tjitjing.com/index.php/2012/03/guide-to-install-opendkim-for-multiple-domains-with-postfix-and-debian.html

and Wikipedia has a good entry on the subject

At a minimum you will need:

Root access to your mail server
Access to update the dns records for your domain

Install opendkim from the repositories:

# sudo apt-get install opendkim opendkim-tools

You must decide on what “selector” you wish to use.  The selector is essentially a word to describe the key you wish to use.  Here I am going to use the selector 201205 as the key became valid in May 2012 (cunning eh?). I give two examples for variety, which will hopefully add clarity. You only need to generate ONE key. However, I am giving both examples so you can compare them.

201205 (1st key)
my_selector (2nd key)

My domain will be example.com, but I'll use a subdomain for my second example:

example.com (1st key)
mail.example.com (2nd key)

I decided to work in the following directory:

# mkdir /etc/opendkim/
# cd /etc/opendkim

Generate the keys in the current directory, using your chosen selector and domain.

# opendkim-genkey -s 201205 -d example.com

You may or may not need to change ownership. See details in my example for the 2nd key below for what ownership and permissions should be.

First you should check if there is a opendkim user (your user/group IDs may be different):

# grep opendkim /etc/passwd
opendkim:x:108:117::/var/run/opendkim:/bin/false

And you probably need to do this:

# chmod 700 /var/run/opendkim

NOTE: These next two commands are NOT needed on Ubuntu 12.04. But if the command above didn't show that user opendkim was set up properly, do it similarly to this:

# useradd -r -g opendkim -G mail -s /sbin/nologin -d /var/run/opendkim -c "OpenDKIM" opendkim
# chown opendkim:opendkim 201205.private
# cat 201205.private
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
ABCCXQ...[long string]...SdQaZw9
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

Now check the public key and notice that there is a bug (in openDKIM 2.5.2 on Ubuntu 12.04)! Where is contains, ;=rsa;, it should contain ;k=rsa;. The k is missing. Please insert it.

# cat 201205.txt
201205._domainkey IN TXT "v=DKIM1;=rsa; p=WIGfM..[snip]..QIDIAB" ; ----- DKIM 201205 for example.com

After being fixed, it will look like this:

201205._domainkey IN TXT "v=DKIM1;k=rsa; p=WIGfM..[snip]..QIDIAB" ; ----- DKIM 201205 for example.com

Furthermore, you probably need to escape the semicolons like this. If you don't want the ending comment, just delete it. Also note that you should add the t=y flag to indicate to receiving servers that you are testing DKIM but not actively using it yet. You are left with a viable resource record:

201205._domainkey IN TXT "v=DKIM1\;k=rsa\;t=y\;p=WIGfM..[snip]..QIDIAB"

You must publish the content of the above public key to your authoritative DNS server. I recommend using a TXT record. There seems to be a bit of controversy on whether to use an SPF record or both types. After a bit of reading, I elected to stick with the TXT record type exclusively, although I don't believe this is the final word on this topic.

You should use a short TTL (time to live) so that you can change the key without waiting ages for it to propagate though DNS. I used 180 seconds.

The second example of generating a key pair was a bit trickier for me. I'll describe what I did. The first element is that I used the domain value "example.com" even though the key will be used for "mail.example.com". I arrived at this via trial and error. It works, while using "mail.example.com" did not work. Unfortunately, I am not aware of the reasons behind this. This is really the only difference I encountered, but it was troubling enough that I felt I should document my experiences with using subdomains. None of the other beginning level tutorials I found did this. Generate a second key:

opendkim-genkey -s my_selector -d example.com

check ownership and permissions of the private key, as above. Here's what they should look like:

# ls -la /etc/opendkim
-rw-------  1 opendkim opendkim  891 May 10 07:44 my_selector.private

After publishing the DNS record, check it with dig. It should return exactly what you entered in the resource record (RR).

$ dig 201205._domainkey.example.com txt +short
"v=DKIM1\;k=rsa\;t=y\;p=WIGfM..[snip]..QIDIAB"

Now, test the key. The commands below assume you are in the directory where the key resides (/etc/opendkim for me).

# opendkim-testkey -d example.com -s 201205 -k 201205.private -vvv
opendkim-testkey: key loaded from /etc/opendkim/201205.private
opendkim-testkey: checking key '201205._domainkey.example.com'
opendkim-testkey: key not secure
opendkim-testkey: key OK

These results are expected. The "key not secure" does not indicate an error. It is an expected consequence of not using DNSSSEC. DNSSEC is coming, but it isn't ready for prime time yet, according to my reading.

Example with 2nd key:

# opendkim-testkey -d example.com -s my_selector -k /etc/opendkim/my_selector.private -vvvv
opendkim-testkey: key loaded from /etc/opendkim/my_selector.private
opendkim-testkey: checking key 'my_selector._domainkey.example.com'
opendkim-testkey: key not secure
opendkim-testkey: key OK

Note that opendkim is reporting that the key is not secure.  This relates to the fact that DNSSEC is not implemented on my DNS server and theoretically somebody could intercept the DNS lookup and replace it with their own key.

Edit the OpenDKIM config file:

# nano /etc/opendkim.conf
# cat /etc/opendkim.conf
# This is a basic configuration that can easily be adapted to suit a standard
# installation. For more advanced options, see opendkim.conf(5) and/or
# /usr/share/doc/opendkim/examples/opendkim.conf.sample.
#
Domain                  example.com
KeyFile                 /etc/opendkim/201205.private
Selector                201205
#
# Commonly-used options
Canonicalization        relaxed/simple
Mode                    sv
SubDomains              yes
# Log to syslog
Syslog                  yes
LogWhy                  yes
# Required to use local socket with MTAs that access the socket as a non-
# privileged user (e.g. Postfix)
UMask                   022
UserID                  opendkim:opendkim
#
KeyTable                /etc/opendkim/KeyTable
SigningTable            /etc/opendkim/SigningTable
ExternalIgnoreList      /etc/opendkim/TrustedHosts
InternalHosts           /etc/opendkim/TrustedHosts
#
Socket                  inet:8891@localhost
#EOF

If you are using my 2nd key example, with the targeted domain “mail.example.com” the entry would still only reference the main domain:

Domain                  example.com
KeyFile                 /etc/dkim/my_selector.private
Selector                my_selector
-----

Note from one of my sources: If you run multiple instances of Postfix you need to add this to the opendkim.conf for each instance (or the ones you want to use opendkim)

Create a file with your text editor /etc/opendkim/TrustedHosts:

Add domains, hostnames and/or ip’s that should be handled by OpenDKIM. Don’t forget localhost.

127.0.0.1
localhost
example.com
mail.example.com
192.168.1.100 #(IP address of your server, if applicable)

(the last line above probably won't be needed. If you do have an IP address to add, make sure you use your own, not the example above.)

Edit /etc/default/opendkim:

Uncomment this row and use port 8891:

SOCKET="inet:8891@localhost" # listen on loopback on port

Make sure your firewall (iptables) allows loopback on localhost:

sudo iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

Next, Create a file with your text editor /etc/opendkim/KeyTable and add the domain to the KeyTable

Add line:

#EXAMPLE showing my 2nd key:
my_selector._domainkey.example.com example.com:my_selector:/etc/opendkim/my_selector.private

Next Create a file with your text editor /etc/opendkim/SigningTable and add the domain to the SigningTable

I show both examples. Note that for my 2nd key, I now have to use the full domain name "mail.example.com":

example.com 201205._domainkey.example.com
mail.example.com my_selector._domainkey.example.com

Note that in OpenDKIM 2.0.1 domain names are case sensitive. In this example we're using a newer version of OpenDKIM and this does not appear to be a problem.

Configure postfix.  Edit /etc/postfix/main.cf and add the lines to the end

milter_default_action = accept
milter_protocol = 2
smtpd_milters=inet:localhost:8891
non_smtpd_milters=inet:localhost:8891

Also change the hostname:

#myhostname = localhost         #original
myhostname = mail.example.com

You should also change the corresponding entry in /etc/hosts.
These changes are effective after a reboot (although you can set it immediately with the command: hostname NEW_NAME).

Restart postfix and opendkim if you didn't reboot:

# service opendkim restart
Restarting OpenDKIM: opendkim.
# service postfix restart
 * Stopping Postfix Mail Transport Agent postfix   [ OK ]
 * Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent postfix   [ OK ]

Testing

The best way to check that your signed mail is being authenticated and that your DNS records are properly set up is to use one of the free testing services. I used these:

Brandon Checketts Email Validator - http://www.brandonchecketts.com/emailtest.php (my favorite)
Send a signed email to: check-auth@verifier.port25.com (my favorite also)
Send a signed email to: sa-test@sendmail.net (you can put all of the test email addresses in the To: field of a single outgoing message to test)
Send a signed email to: autorespond+dkim@dk.elandsys.com <--- BROKEN!!! Don't use this one.

Each of these will tell you if things are working properly, and give you some pointers on troubleshooting if needed.

If you have a Gmail account, you can also send a signed message there for a quick and easy test.

Once you are happy that all is well, you can remove the testing flag in the DNS TXT record and increase TTL.

Done!


rEFInd no longer running on dual boot macbook pro

This happens sometimes when you do OS X updates (even if they seem unrelated, and especially if you try to upgrade your OS X to Mavericks).
If you still have the binary files you used to install rEFInd try running the install.sh script again on OS X - there is no need to uninstall rEFInd first, just run the script again. That should fix your issue.


How do I install the latest Python 2.7.X or 3.X on Ubuntu?

First, install some dependencies:

sudo apt-get install build-essential checkinstall
sudo apt-get install libreadline-gplv2-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev

Then download using the following command:

version=2.7.13
cd ~/Downloads/
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/$version/Python-$version.tgz

Extract and go to the directory:

tar -xvf Python-$version.tgz
cd Python-$version

Now, install using the command you just tried, using checkinstall instead to make it easier to uninstall if needed:

./configure
make
sudo checkinstall

Change version to whichever version you need (version=2.7.1 or version=3.6.0, for example).


Expanding on @dessert's answer, you need a bit more work to make your colored ls version behave just like the real ls in (hopefully?) all cases. The problem is that ls is not meant to be parsed but intended for human eyes only. For that purpose, it strongly adapts how it works depending on the environment, e.g. whether it is connected to a terminal or outputting to a pipe.

First, you don't need a separate /bin/lsslss executable to avoid recursion. Use the shell built-in command to call an executable from the disk, ignoring any shell functions or aliases of the same name.

Second, $* gives you all function arguments as a single string, which is then subject to word-splitting because it is unquoted. This can give surprisingly wrong results if you have arguments with spaces. Always use "$@", which exactly preserves all arguments as they were originally given, with no concatenation or further splitting.

And third, depending on where you put the definition, the syntax ls () { ... ;} to define a function might not work if ls is already an alias, because alias expansion happens first, causing a syntax error. Use the explicit syntax by writing function before it.

Then, we can use ls' -C flag to manually enable column output:

function ls() { command ls -C "$@" | lolcat ;}

However, if we just do that and pipe the output through lolcat (or anything else), you will notice that it doesn't use the full width of your terminal any more, but only 80 columns at most. This is because it can not detect the terminal width if its standard out is no longer directly connected to it. Your shell still knows the terminal though, and it populates the COLUMNS variable with the width it detected. But, as this variable is not exported by default, ls does not see this value. We can manually pass it on just for this command like:

function ls() { COLUMNS="$COLUMNS" command ls -C "$@" | lolcat ;}

Now we should always get the correct width, but what happens if we really want to pipe ls through something else? Normally you shouldn't do that, because as I said in the beginning, ls should never be parsed. Sometimes it might still be useful though (and some scripts might sadly rely on it), so let's try to at least preserve the original behaviour then. Right now, we would always get the columns as output for e.g. ls | cat. (It's not colored any more there because lolcat also checks if it outputs to a terminal or pipe and switches colors off in the latter case)

Let's add a check to our function that uses the plain real ls if it is piped and our fancy rainbow column version only for terminal view. Whether standard out (file descriptor 1) is a terminal/TTY can simply be checked with [[ -t 1 ]]:

function ls() {
    if [[ -t 1 ]] ; then COLUMNS="$COLUMNS" command ls -C "$@" | lolcat ; else command ls "$@" ; fi
}

I think that should suffice to catch all cases where special/different behaviour from ls is expected, so that your function only adds color when viewed directly in a terminal and otherwise does not alter anything.


How to find my current JAVA_HOME in ubuntu?

To display JAVA_HOME variable path, type in terminal:
echo $JAVA_HOME

If nothing appears then set it with this:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64

This will differ according to your JDK type and version.
For displaying it again, follow the first command.
Follow JREs from different vendors on the same system, for using different JDK's or switch between JDK's.


How do I delete all my Ubuntu One contacts?

Delete a contact

  Click on the letter of the contact's last name that you want to edit and
  then click on the contact's link .
  Click on the trash icon .

  Click on the Delete button when asked to confirm the deletion of the
  contact

  Screen refreshes and the deleted contact is no longer there .

Source


Use sudo:

sudo mount /dev/sda2 /media/shashi/ -t ntfs -o nls=utf8,umask=0222


Ubuntu 12.04 LTS is not booting after altering a text file in gedit, how to fix?

If it was edited using gedit, It would have made a xorg.conf~ file.

Delete the xorg.conf file and rename the xorg.conf~ file as xorg.conf.

For the brightness problem, do this :

Simply go to /etc/default/grub.cfg as root and find the line which says something like
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX= (............) paste these lines into the double quotes :

quiet splash pcie_aspm=force acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor

and then run :

sudo grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Changes take place at reboot.


Why is Google Chrome ignoring my proxy settings?

Download `dconf-tools :

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

run it from terminal:

dconf-editor

Then go to "systerm>proxy" change "mode" to manual and select "use-same-proxy"
now goto "system>proxy>http" give your proxy information there and select "enable" option

make sure ftp, https and socks have "0" (zero) on "port" and nothing on "Host" field

Everything should work fine now.


How to make a Portable Server for ubuntu?

Sure; you can either specify an amount of extra space on the thumb drive to use as persistent storage when you create a drive using usb-creator normally, or, if you prefer, you can install Ubuntu directly to the thumbdrive as though it were a normal hard drive.  Boot from the thumbdrive, and you're running your "portable server".


First it is important you keep in mind that rpm packages are for fedora and redhat distributions, nevertheless sometimes they work on other linux distributions.

Those instructions are certainly confusing so let me rephrase them. Also keep in mind you have to be able to use sudo, which means you must have all permissions on the machine.

1) copy the rpm to /usr/share/OxMetrics7 like this

  sudo cp /home/yourname/downloads/ox*.rpm /usr/share/OxMetrics7

Maybe /usr/share/OxMetrics7 does not exist so you have to create it

  sudo mkdir /usr/share/OxMetrics7

2) once that is done go to that file

  cd /usr/share/OxMetrics7

3) and then install the file as it says there

  sudo alien -i -c ox*.rpm

once that is done, the excutable for oxl must be a file inside /usr/share/OxMetrics7/ox

4) in linux executables are called bins. Search for a bin inside /usr/share/OxMetrics7/ox. According to the company it is inside /usr/share/OxMetrics7/ox/bin/

5) go to /usr/share/OxMetrics7/ox/bin/ using

  cd /usr/share/OxMetrics7/ox/bin/

once inside list its content and check for a bin (there is no extension .bin it is just the executable called oxl

list using:

  ls /usr/share/OxMetrics7/ox/bin/

6) to be able to run oxl as a command you have to either add /usr/share/OxMetrics7/ox/bin/ to the PATH variable or add a link from /usr/bin to the oxl bin, the latter is better so do this by going to /usr/bin (remember to be sudo!)

  cd /usr/bin

once inside use the ln command to make the link

  ln -s /usr/share/OxMetrics7/ox/bin/oxl oxl

this means: symbolically link (ln -s) this path "/usr/share/OxMetrics7/ox/bin/oxl" to a file called oxl

Having done this you should be able to run commands in any terminal in your machine

like

  $ oxl file.ox

I hope this works


Flash drive is not visible when inserted

I met the same issue of not seeing usb drive on disks and lsblk, but can be seen in lsusb.

And next day I reboot my machine, I saw my usb drive on my Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. I don't know the reasons causing this. Hope someone who knows this can explain it, which will be appreciated.

So maybe try reboot to see if it works.


Alt Gr turned into right mouse button, Ubuntu 14.04

Upgrading to Ubuntu 15.04 fixed the problem. If someone knows a true solution, please post an actual answer.


How do I add a refresh option in the right click menu in Ubuntu 16.04?

Refresh button for Nautilus on right-click menu

You will need a to download xdotool and nautilus-actions:

sudo apt install xdotool nautilus-actions

Open nautilus-actions and do the following:

Create a new action and change it's name to Refresh
On the Action tab, enable Display item in location context menu
On the Command tab set the Path to /usr/bin/xdotool, Parameters to key F5.
Save your changes.
Now go to Nautilus Action's Edit > Preferences and get both options at Runtime preferences > Nautilus menu layout deselected.
Open a terminal and run nautilus -q
Done! Open Nautilus and try it out :)


I'm assuming this text is stored in a file, say ls_l_out.txt.

I don't know how you want the pattern matching done, but the simplest thing I see is to match the permissions.

So, with that in mind, you can use this sed command:

$ sed '/^-rw-------/d' ls_l_out.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user1 user1   10 Oct 27 10:08 ./folder1/folder2/test-file1-228783-cause1-XY-OP-0001.pdf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user1 user1   20 Oct 27 10:12 ./folder1/folder2/test-file2-228651-cause1-XY-OP-0001.pdf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user1 user1   20 Oct 27 10:08 ./folder1/folder2/test-file3-228706-cause1-XY-OP-0005.pdf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user1 user1   20 Oct 27 10:15 ./folder1/folder2/test-file4-228695-cause1-XY-OP-0005.pdf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user1 user1   20 Oct 27 10:15 ./folder1/folder2/test-file5-228675-cause1-XY-OP-0001.pdf

If you run that and the output looks good, you can then edit the file in-place with the -i flag to sed:

$ sed -i '/^-rw-------/d' ls_l_out.txt


How to install Ubuntu on Meizu Pro 5 that was originally with Android?

XDA Developers: [TUTORIAL] Change region/ID to International in Meizu Pro 5

If you are using the global version, you needn't do this step.
XDA Developers: [TUTORIAL] Unlock the bootloader of Meizu PRO 5
XDA Developers: [RECOVERY][M86][UNOFFICIAL] TWRP 3.0 for Meizu PRO
Read these 3 articles about Ubuntu Touch

Hacking Ubuntu Touch, Part 1: ubuntu-device-flash
Hacking Ubuntu Touch, Part 2: devices and images
Hacking Ubuntu Touch, Part 3: How images are flashed

Meizu pro 5 is named turbo.

             Install ubuntu with TWRP(Android edition's kernel):

Download the ROM you need.

You can show images use

ubuntu-device-flash query --device=turbo --channel=ubuntu-touch/stable/meizu.en --show-image

Download the kernel-OTA-10.2.zip which I packaged here for OTA 10.2.

CAUTION: If you want to install other version then OTA 10.2. you need to replace 4 files in the above kernel*.zip from the device*.tar.xz file you had downloaded. boot.img, dtb and logo.bin are in partitions folder, ldfw is in blobs. DO NOT FLASH bootloader and recovery! (meaning do not put these files into the above kernel*.zip file)

Enter to recovery mode (TWRP) by pressing the volume up + down + power buttons for 5 seconds.

In TWRP wipe data,cache,system.

In TWRP install kernel-OTA-10.2.zip (with the replaced boot.img, dtb, logo.bin, ldfw)

In TWRP mount the system partition (remove the readonly mode).

In TWRP run commands below in terminal:

cd /
tar -xf /external_sd/ubuntu*.tar.xz
tar -xf /external_sd/device*.tar.xz
tar -xf /external_sd/custom*.tar.xz
tar -xf /external_sd/version*.tar.xz
sync

Reboot to system.

Notes:

It may not get OTA updates without a recovery provide by Ubuntu edition.

You can do all the steps above without external sd card, the mobile can be seen all the time through usb.


My df totals don't come close to adding up... why?

Linux filesystems routinely reserve between 1 and 10 percent of the filesystem for the root user. This is to ensure the root user can function when a non-root user "fills" the filesystem. The df command does not show this reserved space as available.

As root, run this command: /sbin/tune2fs -l /dev/sda1
Look for the line that reads "Reserved block count".

You can also use tune2fs to change the amount reserved.


Is there a way to attach a pygame window to glade window in quickly?

According pygame GUI section it's difficult task:

  pygame relies on the SDL, which means that it can only have one window
  at a time. Thus, trying to implement multiple Gtk, Qt, ... application
  instances that use pygame, is an impossibility.

I would recommend move your buttons into pygame by drawing them yourself or try to use third-party libraries like PGU.


usb-creator-gtk doesn't find my virtual disk. What's wrong?

This is a process that is not worth the effort and will require a bunch more things to be done, before getting any progress to be done.  Your goal is to install a Live CD on a logical partition of a "removable Media" item.  This requires a large amount of time that even my Chief network analyst said it require more time than is worth putting in.


Why are my X server configurations not taken into account?

I think the issue is actually much simpler. Try opening the "Appearance" settings (right click on the Dekstop => Change Background) and set the background to "Fill":

If that doesn't work, try editing your /etc/X11/xorg.conf file. Leave the Screen section as is but make sure you have the following sections:

Section "ServerLayout"
    Identifier     "Layout0"
    Screen      0  "Screen0" 0 0
    InputDevice    "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard"
    InputDevice    "Mouse0" "CorePointer"
    Option         "Xinerama" "0"
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier     "Device0"
    Driver         "nvidia"
    VendorName     "NVIDIA Corporation"
    BoardName      "Quadro FX 880M"
    Option     "TwinView"
    ## Screen names are laptop's: DP-3, Philips: VGA-0 and Dell:DP-2
    Option         "metamodes" "DVI-I-2:  1920x1080, DVI-I-1: 1280x1024"
    Option         "TwinViewOrientation" "RightOf"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier     "Screen0"
    Device         "Device0"
    Monitor        "Monitor0"
    DefaultDepth    24
    Option         "Stereo" "0"
    SubSection     "Display"
        Depth       24
    EndSubSection
EndSection

I am not an expert on xorg.conf, the above is based on my own setup which I have finally gotten to work as I wanted. You can have a look at mine here, in case it gives you any ideas. It sets up two screens with either VGA-0 or DP-2 on the right (depending on which one is connected) and SP-3 (my laptop's) on the left.

I am pretty sure the Screen      0  "Screen0" 0 0 line in the "Server" section was very important but I did this about a year ago so I don't remember the details any more. Finally, the official nvidia documentation for xorg.conf is really very good and actually explains what the various options do. That and the Arch wiki page on NVIDIA are what helped me solve it.


What kind of BIOS do you have? Do you get any errors?

It is possible that you need to enable virtualization technology in your BIOS. For example: in my ASUS EFI BIOS i had to enable "Intel Virtualization Technology" in "Advanced" tab before VirtualBox could work.


Can the dual boot start be changed from grub to something else?

You can easily remove the timeout in /etc/defaults/grub. You change GRUB_TIMEOUT from 10 to 0. If you want something else than Ubuntu to be booted by default you can follow this solution. After changing you need to open a terminal and run sudo update-grub. (if you did it in this order you probably already have)

Then every time the machine starts, you can hold down SHIFT the menu will show up and you can choose what to boot. If you don't it automatically boots the default OS without showing anything.


to upgrade from ubuntu 10.04 to ubuntu 12.10

You can not upgrade an arbitrary version of Ubuntu to any other arbitrary version. For "normal" releases which are made every 6 months the upgrade procedure works only from release N to N+1 (e.q. from 10.04 to 10.10, from 10.10 to 11.04 and so on).

The Long Term Support (LTS) releases are made every 2 years and you also can upgrade one LTS release to the next LTS release. 10.04 was an LTS release, so you can directly upgrade it to 12.04, which is also an LTS.

Then you can either stay on 12.04 and upgrade it to 14.04 when it is released (in April 2014, supposedly), or to upgrade 12.04 to 12.10 now, but in this case you'll have to upgrade your machines every 6 month to stay on top.


Try running sudo rfkill unblock all in terminal and trying again to reconnect.


Yes, Docky provides a Kiosk Mode:

  Docky would be a wonderful addition to an interactive kiosk environment, allowing you to have a beautiful interface to launch the apps your kiosk provides.

  In this environment you generally want a read only interface. To achieve this in Docky, you will have to set several GConf values:

gconftool-2 --set --type boolean /apps/docky-2/Docky/Items/DockyItem/ShowSettings false
gconftool-2 --set --type boolean /apps/docky-2/Docky/Items/DockyItem/ShowQuit false
gconftool-2 --set --type boolean /apps/docky-2/Docky/Items/FileApplicationProvider/AllowPinToDock false
gconftool-2 --set --type boolean /apps/docky-2/Docky/Interface/DockDragTracker/ProvidersAcceptDrops false
gconftool-2 --set --type boolean /apps/docky-2/Docky/Interface/DockDragTracker/LockDrags true

  Since the Docky icon now does nothing when left clicked, you will also want to either set:

gconftool-2 --set --type boolean /apps/docky-2/Docky/Items/DockyItem/ShowDockyItem false

  which entirely hides the Docky icon or set a new action for clicking the Docky icon:

gconftool-2 --set --type boolean /apps/docky-2/Docky/Items/DockyItem/DockyItemCommand "/some/command"

  Once these are set, restart Docky. Docky will now disallow dragging (or removing) icons from the dock, have no way to add items to the dock and have no way of accessing the settings dialog!

  Please note that some docklets might expose their own settings dialogs/configuration via their popup menus (GMail, Weather, NPR, Clock, etc). Also some docklets will let you modify the system state (NetworkManager, Session, etc). You might want to think hard about each docklet you add to a kiosk environment!


You need to be root to write to /usr/local. Run the file manager as root using

gksu nautilus

Then copy and paste or extract the archive.


Shift + any key combination closes search dialog in gedit on 14.04

In gedit, there are several ways to close the search box. According to this site, it closes when you press either Esc or Enter (of course it is probably in the help file as well). The search is to find any shortcuts you might have set in the past that could work as one of those keys.

What I would try to find directions:

does this happen as well if you choose "search" from the menu?
does it happen as well if you search with Control_R+F?
did you ever use xdotools to set up key combinations, or made special key combinations in System Settings > Keyboard > Shortcuts?

Try and see if any of these can give you a clue, look into System Settings > Keyboard > Shortcuts > Custom Shortcuts, disable all and see if the problem is fixed. Activate them one by one to see which one gives the error.


When you use sudo and/or sudo to switch users, Environmental variables so not necessarily change. It depends on what command you use, options, and configuration.

Example:

 sudo -u children echo $HOME
 /home/bodhi

Check the man pages for details and/or post your command for help.

Setting the PATH so it applies to all users, including root/sudo

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/oneiric/man1/su.1.html

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/oneiric/en/man8/sudo.8.html


diodon saying "Privacy mode is enabled. No new items will be added to history." in Ubuntu 18

One working solution:

TL;DR:

Open Activity Log Manager (look up zeitgeist in applications).
Enable Record file and application usage option in the “Files & Applications” tab.
Make sure the Documents box is checked. It is the only mandatory option to disable privacy mode. Diodon will get it immediately. No need to restart.

How I found it out

Quit Diodon and start it anew in debug mode from Terminal by running

env G_MESSAGES_DEBUG="all" diodon

(solution explained in man diodon and pointed out by @waltinator in a comment)
Way more useful than the message I got in GUI, those debug traces not only warn about privacy mode enable but also clearly refer to zeitgeist (aka Activity Log Manager) in every line, as in “zeitgeist privacy mode is enabled”.
Look up "zeitgeist privacy mode is enabled" in your favorite search engine. This particularly useful post explains that:

  (...) we have to know that Zeitgeist has a privacy feature so it is possible to disable recording of any users’ events. This option is to be found in your “System Settings” -> “Security & Privacy” -> “Files & Applications” where it says “Record file and application usage”. When you turn this option off no users’ events will be recorded including copy events by Diodon.

  (...) There is the possibility to enable recording but only including certain activities. Unfortunately is there no entry to simply include Clipboard. This is something we would really like to see in the future and are working on it – you can follow progress in this bug report. For now as a workaround to still allow Diodon to save copy events is to at least allow activity “Documents” to be recorded.

Open zeitgeist in GUI, enable the Record file and application usage option and make sure the Documents box is checked. Diodon will immediately output positive traces. No need to restart.

Screenshot of Diodon debug traces reacting to tweaking options in Activity Log Manager


Use the following steps to circumvent the issue: (this is a workaround, not a solution)

create a new user (E.g. mote2 for original user mote)
with the same groups as the other user (if you need details on that, leave a comment)

Now:

open the file manager
browse to the /home/mote directory
copy (not move!) all the files from Downloads to /home/mote2/Downloads
check you did a good job.
Now delete /home/mote/Downloads
Go back to step 3 and repeat for Documents, Videos, ...
In a terminal type the following command: deluser mote --remove-home

Done!

Why? As you have seriously messed up some problems with the current's user profile, some setting somewhere in one of the .config files is causing a problem.  As we can't solve this problem in a reasonable amount of time, it's best to just leave that profile behind and starting afresh!


Mostly unable to boot when [ ***] A start job is running for... FOREVER!

The problem relates to EFI.
Here is an incomplete solution, but enough that I can debug further.  I can get it to boot by blacklist EFI modules and disabling ACPI.  That is, I need this:
module_blacklist=efi_rts_wq,efi_call_rts acpi=off

I found these hints at CPU soft lockup on Samsung Notebook 9 Pro | Reddit.


code highlight extension for Libre Office writer

It's not a plug-in, but I put the code into a website that colors syntax for you. The site I use is tohtml. I don't use the html generated code however, I just copy the colored and highlighted code from the browser and paste it into my document and WYSIWYG.


For install wxPython try with :

sudo apt-get install python-wxglade python-wxversion python-wxgtk2.8 pyprompter python-pythoncard python-squaremap python-wxgtk2.8-dbg python-wxmpl python-wxtools pythoncard pythoncard-doc pythoncard-tools


It's not possible to do this. The feature that some laptops have where they wake up as soon as the lid is open is a BIOS controlled feature. The OS has no control over this since it's asleep and can't monitor/control anything in this state. You'd need to edit your BIOS somehow, which is not a good idea.


It might not be what you want, but you could avoid using GRUB altogether by installing EasyBCD on Windows and adding Ubuntu to Windows Boot Manager.

Take a look here :

Is it possible to boot Ubuntu using the Windows bootloader?


Problem reinstalling Ubuntu 18.04 (plus can't fix broken packages)

Make sure you have other kernels installed by commands output:

cat /boot/grub/grub.cfg | grep '/boot/vmlinuz-'
dpkg --list | grep linux-image | grep ii
ls /boot | grep vmlinuz

Check also your current running kernel:

uname -a

If there's a kernel you could boot from alongside with broken package kernel, you could try this command:

sudo apt purge linux-*5.3.0-26-*


Wireless mouse works, but can't do drag'n'drop in 17.04

are you sure it's not just the drag and drop feature that's broken under ubuntu 17.04 and not the mouse?

i can't drag and drop addons to brackets or brackets-electron for example but drag and drop to drive works.

sometimes it doesn't have the visual showing you that it is about to do a drag and drop but its actually working.

could you describe your issue more. maybe screenshots or a clip?


You can lock screen using the default Super+L key combination (Super is usually the Windows key).

You can also lock using the following commands

gnome-screensaver-command --lock

(needs gnome-screensaver package installed)

or

dbus-send --type=method_call --dest=org.gnome.ScreenSaver /org/gnome/ScreenSaver org.gnome.ScreenSaver.Lock

(needs GDM).