How To Install CanoScan LIDE 400 Scanner On Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS

Not long ago, I myself bought a Canon scanner Lide 300. The driver installation for Lide 400 include the same steps.
In my first attempt to install the Linux drivers for my Canon scanner, I failed miserably multiple times. But the scanner worked flawlessly with Windows driver. Over the short period of time, trying and failing, I finally found a way to make the scanner work with Linux.
This is my quick guide, how to make the scanner work with Linux system(I tested it on Ubuntu 18.04)! Please, just follow the steps. Should one of the steps not work, try to do the troubleshooting suggestions.
DO NOT continue with the next step, until the previous one is working.
Step 1 - Scanner recognition
First, all necessary packages have to be installed:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install sane-utils libusb-dev usbutils

In order to recognize the connected devices via USB, you can use the command lsusb. The scanner from Canon can be filtered out by running:

lsusb | grep '04a9'

The identifier 04a9 is specific for Canon devices. If no output line is shown after execution of previous command, the device is not recognized.
Troubleshooting suggestions:

Check the connection between scanner and computer.

Restart the system, but be sure, that the scanner is properly connected to the computer.

The scanner make some noise adjusting the header during the system start. If that is not the case, try to plug in the scanner in a different USB slot.

If you have a Windows system, try to test the USB connection by installing the scanner driver. Canon don't support Linux, but has a good implemented Windows driver.

Step 2 - Scanner identification
Now, you can run the command lsusb in your terminal and should see the
output of the lsusb. The yellow framed output line shows the scanner connection. By inserting the bus and device number specific to your system, you can make the request about the permission settings for the particular connection. For example, in my case the bus ID is 001 and device ID is 002. The resulting command line is based on informations about my system is:

getfacl /dev/bus/usb/001/002

Remember to use your own connection specifications for the request!!!
The output of the command will show you the group, you have to join as a user. In my case, it is the group lp, so I join the saned group(scanner management group) and lp.

sudo usermod -aG saned,lp $USER
sane-find-scanner will recognize the scanner and show the correct output.

Troubleshooting suggestions:

You can see the groups, you as a user are participating in, if you type in cat /etc/group | grep $USER. The groups saned and lp should be in the list. If not, try to execute the usermod command again.

Step 3 - Software equipment
Although the scanner was found, in my case, the identification of scanner by running scanimage -L failed. This has to do with the sane software.
The suggestion from markling to use the repository(Install Canon LiDE 300 / 400 on Ubuntu 18.04) worked for me. However, the compilation and installation of the latest sane is in my opinion the cleaner solution.
As preparation, you have to install the prerequisites:

sudo apt install build-essential libieee1284-3 gphoto2 autoconf automake libtool gettext git autopoint autoconf-archive pkg-config libjpeg-dev

Now, you can enter the folder of your choice and run:

git clone https://gitlab.com/sane-project/backends.git
cd backends
./autogen.sh
BACKENDS="canon pixma" ./configure
make
make install

After the installation, you should be able to identify your scanner. The output of scanimage -L should look like that. If you ran scanimage -V, you will get the information about the sane backend version. In my case, by compiling the newest version, the backend status changed from 1.0.27 to 1.0.29.
Step 4 - Additional Software(optional)
By the way, the scan utility I like the most is SimpleScan:

sudo apt simple-scan


Alternatively, you can install f.lux using a PPA -

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kilian/f.lux

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install fluxgui

The PPA has been updated to work with Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty Tahr.


Why does `read -r` still only get the first word of each line?

The problem is word splitting.  To solve it, replace:

PrintInfo $line

With:

PrintInfo "$line"

Explanation

Consider:

PrintInfo $line

Before executing, PrintInfo, the shell will expand $line and perform both word splitting and pathname expansion.

Let's take a simple example, starting by defining a function:

$ PrintInfo() { echo "1=$1 2=$2 3=$3"; }

Now, let's execute the function:

$ line="one two three"
$ PrintInfo $line
1=one 2=two 3=three

In the above, word splitting caused PrintInfo to see three arguments.

If you want PrintInfo to see just one argument, use:

$ PrintInfo "$line"
1=one two three 2= 3=

Pathname expansion is also a potential problem.  Consider a directory with these files:

$ ls
file1  file2  file3

Now, let's run our version of PrintInfo again:

$ line='file?'
$ PrintInfo $line
1=file1 2=file2 3=file3

Because ? is a valid glob character, the shell looks to replace file? with filenames.  To prevent that surprise, use double-quotes:

$ PrintInfo "$line"
1=file? 2= 3=

Summary

Except in cases where you explicitly want word splitting or pathname expansion, shell variables should always be inside double-quotes.


VMWare shared folders not working, vmware-tools issue?

System Info:

  Windows 8 x64 Host, Ubuntu 13.04 Guest VMware Workstation 9.0

I faced the same problem here but following code helped me get the shared folders from host:

sudo apt-get install linux-source
sudo apt-get install open-vm-tools

Just keep on pressing Enter for all defaults and then do this at the terminal

mount -t vmhgfs .host:/ /home/user1/shares

here user1 is your username and shares is where your shared folders would be displayed. If this doesn't work try omitting shares from above command.


While I think this sounds a lot like the xy problem, your best bet is to probably disable GUI login, then login to ssh and manually run startx

Unfortunately, this is a bit more complicated and will depend a lot on your setup, but it would work.


Is there a quick way to download a file which I have just copied the link to?

but is there a way to do this from within unity?

No

But you can try steadyflow  download manger it will detect link from clipboard


UNIX, compare the 1st field File3 with the 1st field of File 2

Using Awk:

awk 'NR==FNR {a[$1]++; next} $1 in a {print > FILENAME ".tmp"}' File3 File2 File1

and then

mv File1.tmp File1
mv File2.tmp File2

If you have a recent enough version of GNU Awk (aka gawk) then you can just do:

awk -i inplace 'NR==FNR {a[$1]++} !($1 in a) {next} 1' File3 File2 File1

Ex.

$ awk -i inplace 'NR==FNR {a[$1]++} !($1 in a) {next} 1' File3 File2 File1

$ head File{1..3}
==> File1 <==
 1001 1 2 3
 1004 10 11 12

==> File2 <==
 1001 11 22 33
 1004 100 111 122

==> File3 <==
 1001 111 222 333
 1004 130 141 152


Instead of doing it via gdebi, try installing it directly via dpkg:

sudo dpkg -i rstudio-1.0.143-amd64.deb

You don't have to delete rstudio-1.0.143-amd64.deb file afterwards.

Run this command from the directory which contains the rstudio-1.0.143-amd64.deb file. You may have deleted it (from the commands posted in the question), so be sure to check that the file exists, and if it doesn't download it again using the wget command.


You need to figure out first if the machine has crashed, or if something has frozen the gui. Sometimes the machine can crash but the mouse still moves because its controlled from graphics hardware. Once you narrow that down, then you can try and investigate more. Setup your machine so that it allows you to ssh into it. SSH from another machine, and see if you can get a shell prompt. If you don't have another machine, there is an android app called termux that you can do this with. Figure out your IP address on the local network and SSH into it. Once you've sshed in, you could try killing apps one by one. If you can't ssh in, then you'll need to figure out why your OS is crashing, whether it be some hardware incompatibility, or you overclocked it too much or whatever. If killing apps doesn't help, maybe your graphics hardware has incompatibilities with your X server.


Not enough swap: hibernation not working in 12.04?

As TrailRider has mentioned, the hibernation feature writes out the contents of RAM to the swap partition before turning off the machine. Therefore, your swap partition should be at least as big as your RAM size. For more information Click me

And for your second question, you should use GParted , like arhimed has mentioned, to increase the swap size to an appropriate one! This link gives a good hint on how to use this tool Click me

As for third question, I don't think that Windows7 will even detect the swap partition

Just in case, this question Click me is about activating the hibernate option which is not activated by default.

Good luck!


KDevelop "failed to lock session" after crash

You can manually remove any KDevelop lock files via:

sudo rm ~/.kde/share/apps/kdevelop/sessions/*/lock


I recently had the same problem. After some investigating, this worked for me.

First, go to the Terminal.
Type sudo apt-get remove --purge alsa-base pulseaudio then press Enter.

Next, type sudo apt-get install alsa-base pulseaudio
and finally, type sudo alsa force-reload

I hope this helps.


You'll likely have to use ffmpeg or avconv and supply your Twitch.tv key which can be found here:
http://www.twitch.tv/broadcast/dashboard/streamkey

Personally I use ffmpeg because avconv for some reason only displays my mouse on the stream when streaming from my laptop. A short example of this would be:

# stream key. You can set this manually.
STREAM_KEY=$(cat ~/.twitch_key)

# stream url. Note the formats for twitch.tv and justin.tv
# twitch:"rtmp://live.twitch.tv/app/$STREAM_KEY"
# justin:"rtmp://live.justin.tv/app/$STREAM_KEY"
STREAM_URL="rtmp://live.twitch.tv/app/$STREAM_KEY"

ffmpeg \
-f alsa -ac 2 -i "pulse" \
-f x11grab -s $(xwininfo -root | awk '/geometry/ {print $2}'i) -r "30" -i :0.0 \
-vcodec libx264 -s "640x360" -vpre "fast" \
-acodec libmp3lame -threads 6 -qscale 5 -b 64KB \
-f flv -ar 44100 "$STREAM_URL"

There are several gists out there that bundle the whole process into a more understandable script. I couldn't find one that I liked so I created my own based on the code above:
https://gist.github.com/oseparovic/2db2aaa737cd37e7c068

You can see more about streaming to twitch.tv/justin.tv from ubuntu in this post:
http://www.thegameengine.org/miscellaneous/streaming-twitch-tv-ubuntu/


Problems using VMware and VBox with Utopic 14.10

The kernel in use is 13.13.0-37, but should be 13.16 for Utopic.

My suggestion for attempting to fix this would be as follows:

Backup important data...

Remove the Nvidia drivers, as they may be a problem when upgrading kernels.  They can be reinstalled after kernel upgrade

Attempt to do a distribution upgrade:  sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

reboot

Check to see if the kernel has been update uname -r - kernel should be 3.16.0-24

Reinstall Nvidia drivers if desired

Reinstall VMWare


Basic question on ubuntu desktop /interface

Yes
Yes
Not like a skin, but yes you can choose different versions
Not sure, but by default Ubuntu 15.04 comes with Unity, I believe.


I have recently had the same problem for no readily apparent reason. I found a YouTube video which solved it - yes, I had to use pause a lot because it was playing too fast!

I had been using my laptop with an external monitor via HDMI and so switched the sound output to HDMI. When I got the problem I was not using the external monitor. The fix was to change my Sound Settings back to 'Speakers - Built-in Audio'. The problem was fixed immediately.

I am using Ubuntu 16.04.


This is not possible with Files (aka nautilus), the default file manager of Ubuntu, and likely not with most file manager around. While some file managers, such as nemo, remember the view on a per folder basis (i.e. folder view/list view/compact view, ...), also in these file managers, the setting to show preview images instead of icons will apply to any file manager window (and folder).


How can I create directories using snapcraft?

stage is going to look for parts/$partname/install/etc/foo.conf.  If you want to move foo.conf from some other directory and have it in $SNAP/etc/foo.conf, you'll need to use organize. organize will create the needed directories.

parts:
    foo-config:
        plugin: dump
        source: .
        stage:
          - etc/foo.conf
        organize:
           <path>/foo: etc/foo.conf


I have system low volume efi error issue. How to resolve this issue? This is not related to removing old kernels in my case I think

There is not much to be eliminated in a tiny 100mb partition. Though mine only shows 11M in use.
root@zeus-H370M:~# fdisk -l /dev/sda | grep sda1
/dev/sda1      40    409639    409600   200M EFI System
root@zeus-H370M:~# df -h | grep sda1
/dev/sda1       200M   11M  190M   6% /boot/efi
root@zeus-H370M:~# efibootmgr -v |grep ubuntu
Boot0004* ubuntu    HD(1,GPT,9fad4e77-177d-4a3c-929a-3897e6bc1810,0x28,0x64000)/File(\EFI\UBUNTU\SHIMX64.EFI)
root@zeus-H370M:~# du -h /boot/efi/
6.6M    /boot/efi/EFI/Boot
4.2M    /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu
11M     /boot/efi/EFI
11M     /boot/efi/

Use the efibootmgr to determine which directories you need left in the /boot/efi partition to be able to boot and delete them ones not needed. Mine above shows I need File(\EFI\UBUNTU\SHIMX64.EFI) to be able to boot, so I cannot delete the /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu. Edit and you are better off leaving the  /boot/efi/EFI/Boot entirely alone as there are files in there that get used too.


alt-ctrl-F1 should give you the opportunity to login in a non-X terminal. You should be able to correct things there.


I would try one of the mirror sites. There's a list of mirror sites on the Alternative Downloads page, so pick one close to you and enjoy a speedy download!

Alternative Downloads page


Can't use unebootin or re-install windows

Use this older version of unetbooting which support NTFS partitions. Make sure you mark it as executable before running. The newer versions don't support NTFS. Also, check the "Show all discs" checkbox.


Super_L not working as Mod4 with Das Keyboard

You probably have a version of Das Keyboard where "Super_L" is in fact a key to transform FN keys to volume and other media stuff.


So if you go into the "advanced" section of the install, you should be able to pick which partitions you want to use. If all you want to preserve is in the Data partition, then you can simply choose to format your old 12.10 partition (I recommend this over upgrading).

If you want to check the format of your partitions before starting all of this so you can get an idea of which partitions you'd be choosing, you can install gparted from the terminal (using sudo apt-get install gparted) and then run it from terminal (using sudo gparted). Sadly the partitions are not named well to the average user, so you have to know which one is your ubuntu 12.10 one, but it'll help and you don't have to decide on the spot during installation.

P.S. As a general rule, unless you don't mind accidentally wiping your whole hard drive, I would recommend not doing any of the default options in the installation guide and always going to advanced. It gives you much more control, especially if you have multiple operating systems installed.


Since many programs and libraries rely on Python 2.6 (or python 2.7 in 11.04), and since python 2.x and 3.x are incompatible, you can't upgrade - you can only install python3 alongside python 2.6:

Python 3.1

Luckily, the stable release of Python 3 (3.1.2 at the time of writing this) is provided in the repositories. Just install the python3-all  package.

Your interpreter will be /usr/bin/python3 instead of /usr/bin/python.

You can also now type python3 in your terminal when you want to launch Py3 instead of Py2.

Python 3.2

You can, download any version of the python sources from python.org and run

./configure
make
sudo make altinstall

To be able to compile the python source, you'll need a few packages:

sudo apt-get install build-essential libncursesw5-dev libreadline5-dev libssl-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libbz2-dev

The altinstall option will install the other version of python alongside your existing ones:

It makes sense to, instead of downloading the sources, check out the latest development release from the python dev repository every so often:

svn checkout http://svn.python.org/projects/python/branches/py3k

This will give you the very latest development, unstable, version. you can then cd py3k/ and do the above compilation procedure.

For this, svn  needs to be installed of course.


What is localserver? What is it used for?

You have installed a local web server on your development machine for two purposes:

To test your web sites the way that a user somewhere on the internet would see them. They would obviously not have access to your filesystem directly, so you want to make sure that the web sites work when accessed over the internet.
To enable functionality which is not available without a web server, such as serving pages over HTTPS, using PHP (or some other language) scripting, setting and getting cookies, or using URL rewriting rules or redirects.


Is there a list of wireless adapters that work on Ubuntu with no hassle?


How can I iterate over shell function completions and alias completions before external command completions in zsh?

Looking at the docs, this might do the trick:

$ zstyle ':completion:*:*:-command-:*' group-order aliases functions commands
$ sudo<tab>
sudoa
sudof
sudo        sudoedit    sudoreplay

(In case it's not obvious, sudoa is an alias and sudof is a function.)


Change the color of the text that appears at the beginning of startup

Assuming it's standard ANSI, you could use the following as a guide : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code

You'll see all the cursor control information and the colour sequences.

If it's not ANSI, I'm stumped.


I installed TexText and it works fine for me. I am using UBUNTU 13.10 and Ink-scape version 0.48

Here what I have done:
=> First install Inkscape
=> Download latest TexText version from here

=> Now extract downloaded tar.gz file and copy all files inside ~/.config/inkscape/extensions/
=> Now pstoedit extension is require to install (Go to Ubuntu software center > Search for Inkscape > Click on More info > Scroll down > Under Optional add-on pstoedit can be found > Check it > Click on Apply Changes)

=> Restart Inkscape and Now you can see Tex Text option under Extension menu. Select Extension > Tex Text

=> Open Gedit or your any favourite text editor.

Type

\usepackage{amsfonts}

Save as anyname.ini

=> Now inside TexText
1. For Preamble file browse and select anyname.ini
2. Change Scale factor if you want. I changed it to 6.50
3. Inside text paste any latex text such as

\begin{Large}
Hello world!
Have you yet checked out my new integral equations?
%
\begin{small}
 \[ M^\bot = \{ f \in V' : f(m) = 0 \mbox{ for all } m \in M \}.\]
\end{small}
%
\end{Large}

4. Click OK and That's it


Installed Ubuntu 14.10, and nothing works

Try this. Once you are booted up to the blank desktop... press CTRL + ALT + F1.

apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
apt-get install unity
apt-get purge nvidia* bumblebee*
apt-get install nvidia-prime

shutdown -r now

(or)

Try switching the terminal (CTRL+ALT+F1) and then remove the configuration file ~/.config/dconf/user like this :

(this action will remove your gnome 3 settings)

sudo service lightdm stop
rm ~/.config/dconf/user
sudo service lightdm start

Hope this helps!


I'll bet you can't do this:

nslookup rtfm.mit.edu

but you can do this:

nslookup rtfm.mit.edu 8.8.8.8

If you check the content of your /etc/resolv.conf file, it's probably empty, or pointing your DNS resolver to something your Ubuntu can't reach.  /etc/resolv.conf can be configured manually with any plain text editor (vim, nano, etc), or from /etc/network/interfaces if you have the resolvconf package installed.  Alternatively, Network Manager can manage it and will acquire DNS server information from DHCP, if your environment is using that. You'll need to figure out which method your Ubuntu is using, because changes made manually to correct /etc/resolv.conf will get overwritten by resolvconf the next time you reboot or disconnect from your network, and Network Manager likes to scribble all over the place.

You don't say if this is an office machine using ethernet, a home machine with wifi, a desktop, or a laptop, and what sort of network connection it has.  I'd need more information about those details to be more specific.  Specific answers will need more details from you.


How do I use a Firefox 4 profile on a separate drive/partition

Create a symlink for the profile.

ln -s /Data/.mozilla/firefox ~/.mozilla/firefox


how to check package version before install

do:

apt-cache policy apache2

you'll get output like this:

apache2:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 2.4.7-1ubuntu4.1
  Version table:
     2.4.7-1ubuntu4.1 0
        500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages
     2.4.7-1ubuntu4 0
        500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages

The version listed as "Candidate" is the one that will be installed if you do apt-get install apache2.

If there's more than one version available, you can force which one you want by giving the version number, in my example it would by default install 2.4.7-1ubuntu4.1 but I can force the other version with:

apt-get install apache2=2.4.7-1ubuntu4


Ubuntu Chrome can't load official adobe flash player?

Use Google's version of Flash plugin (Adobe does not support Chromium at Linux anymore).

Here's How To: Chromium 34 and later cannot detect flash plugin

Also: Chrome has this plugin built-in.


Apparently, the kernel somehow had problems (maybe a bug). Since there was an updated version,  I installed it:

sudo apt-get install linux-generic

now reboot in your new kernel.


How to run gnome 3 shell after it is installed

If you have properly installed it (sudo apt-get install gnome-shell) you first have to logout. Next to your name, there is a gearwheel-symbol. Click on it and select Gnome Shell. When you now login, you'll be facing Gnome Shell. This change is being remembered, so if you want to switch back to Unity3d for example, you would have to logout, press the symbol, click on Unity3d and login again.


Predict network interfaces names in Wily/Xenial

Yes, in my opinion, this stuff is a little inconsistent.
I now use the following line in grub:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="net.ifnames=1 biosdevname=0"

and things are the way they used to be (although I haven't tried it in Wily). See also.


Firefox 57 still doesn't work!!

From Firefox 55 through to 57, the same trouble continues, so this question is still valid. This issue only applies to Raspberry Pi running Ubuntu.

For those who need a working version and got as frustrated as I did, here is a workaround. There does not seem to be any way to fix this issue, except by downgrading Firefox.

You can use Synaptic to force an old version of Firefox, by selecting the Firefox package, then go to Package on the top bar, click Force version and click apply. Afterwards you must lock the package by going to Package and selecting Lock version. Note that you will only be offered Firefox 45.0.2.

You can also use apt from the terminal with something like:

sudo apt-get install firefox=45.0.2+build1-0ubuntu1 (You can install other versions like this, you just have to get the build name exacly right)

Lock the version with

sudo apt-mark hold firefox

Alternatively, you could download the version you want from here and install it manually. Firefox automatically installs new versions, so you will have to disable this.


Where to find 64-bit version of Kerio vpn client?

There is no Kerio VPN Client (64 bit) file for Linux. Only (32 bit) version availble.

Beacause that Ubuntu 13.10 is Multiarch, this might not be a problem.

I installed it in Ubuntu 13.04 amd64 with this Kerio-Foums guide.

If you still have a problem in installing do this (in addition to the Installation Instructions);

sudo dpkg -i --force-architecture kerio-control-vpnclient-8.1.1-1212-p3-linux.deb

(instead of sudo dpkg -i kerio-control-vpnclient-8.1.1-1212-p3-linux.deb)

But dont try to install ia32-libs. That is not in 13.10.


This is likely a problem with how older versions of SSH handle host verification when ECDSA is used by default.

If you trust that the server and network have not been compromised, just add the host's RSA key to your known_hosts file:

ssh-keyscan ssh-server.example.com | tee -a ~/.ssh/known_hosts


Dual Boot on Dell G5 SE w/ AMD Ryzen 7 4800 - Display Issues

I took the suggesting in the comments and installed Ubuntu 20.10. I didn't have to modify any kernels, and my hdmi port worked the whole time during install. After install, and I started to install programs and adjust settings, my machine crashed and froze up a few times. But then I installed all the requested software updates, and I haven't had any problems since.


First, download the Ubuntu image if you haven't done so already.

Download UNetbootin for Mac and run the software.
Tick the "Diskimage" radio button and browse for your image-file.
Choose target drive and press OK.
Wait for the progress to complete.

Now you just have to boot your Mac from USB and start the installation of Ubuntu.


php /var/www/html/*.php is not working in terminal which is open from Menu php *.php is working in terminal which is open inside php holding folder

Your script is almost certainly running and creating your file. It's just not creating it where you expect it to be. You are not using any path in your script, you just use a file name. This means that the file will be created in the directory the script is running in.

That's why, when you move into a specific directory and run the script there, you think it works. Because the file is created in the directory you ran it in and so you can see it. By default, cron runs in the home directory of the user running it. Since this is root's crontab (which, by the way, is a bad idea), the file will be created in /root. So, go check:

sudo ls /root/test.txt

So, next time, give your script a full path instead of just a file name:

<?php file_put_contents  ('/path/to/test.txt',"test content\n",FILE_APPEND); ?>

Now, the file will be created in /path/to.


Ubuntu 16.10 Mouse cursor stays in upper left corner

My first attempt to install the driver caused a login loop. The reason in my case is I didn't disable secure boot after the installation. So, I uninstalled the driver, reinstalled it, rebooted the computer and disabled secure boot.

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia-*
sudo apt-get install nvidia-367

remember to reboot and there will be a count down page for you to disable secure boot.


How to create windows xp bootable usb from lubuntu

Open the Lubuntu menu and find the startup disk creator and click on it.

When the window opens, select your Windows XP ISO disk image in the source disk imagefield and the removable drive in the disk to use field.

The click the make startup disk button and wait for the process to complete!

For more information, see this from Ubuntu Documentation.


Will there be x86 builds of Ubuntu Tablet / Phone?

As per the hardware requirements on the OEM partner information page for tablets, there will almost certainly be an x86 version available.


Drivers to get a BU-353 S$ gps dongle working on Ubuntu

You  don't need a driver. You need a GPS daemon to listen for signal from the dongle.

Try: sudo apt install gpsd
Then run the gpsmon application to test that you are receiving location data.


Apps that appear in these menus will have .desktop files in one of these locations

/usr/share/applications
/usr/local/share/applications
~/.local/share/applications

For example

/usr/share/applications/tilda.desktop

To clean your desktop menus of a removed app forever, you just need to delete the .desktop file.

One possible source of confusion is that sometimes the application will not have the name you expect, for example 'Startup Disk Creator' has the file 'usb-creator-gtk.desktop' which contains:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Startup Disk Creator

...and some more stuff. You can see that you can check you've found the right one by reading the file and looking at the Name=... line

If the application has a distinctive name, you might want to use a short way of finding & deleting its .desktop file (replace pesky with the name of the application you want to get rid of the menu item for):

sudo updatedb
locate -e --regex 'applications/.*pesky.*\.desktop' | xargs -p sudo rm

(The -p makes xargs ask for confirmation before executing sudo rm on the file(s) you found, so you can check them first if unsure)


how to disable kvm for installing VMware player

Unload the module. Type,

lsmod

to see where it is loaded.

mine was,

...
kvm_intel             143109  0
kvm                   451552  1 kvm_intel

so I did,

sudo rmmod kvm_intel kvm

and then the installer worked.


According to the image ou posted, your root, "/", partition is 13.2GB.  It's full.  13 Gis is a very small partition for any operating system.  Just browsing the internet with a browser will involve images that can easily add up to a couple of gigs if you spend enough time on the computer.

You can install the OS on 13 Gigs, but in a short period of time, you'll want to install various applications and tools based on your interest.  Each application you install will take up space.

If you save pictures from your camera, that can take up a lot of space also.

I would think for very moderate use, the root partition should be at least 50 Gigs to have space to work and be able to shuffle files you want to keep or delete as you use your system.  If your personal space (your /home) folder is on the same partition, you probably should have at least 50 gigs for your personal files.

Short answer:

Yes.

In direct response, your 13G partition is too small for normal computer use.  I would recommend at least a combined 100G (personal space and the root OS) for normal computer use.

Many people put their personal space (/home) on a separate partition.  If that's case, you should have at least 50G for the /root partition and 50G for the /home partitions.  If they are on the same partition (having just one partition for Ubuntu) the one partition should be 100G.  Otherwise, you will continue to experience the space issue you are describing.


So, I have managed to fix this issue, where the backups procedure cannot look at your local files in gnupg, due to read rights. You need to change these rights, per the following post.

https://superuser.com/questions/954509/what-are-the-correct-permissions-for-the-gnupg-enclosing-folder-gpg-warning

I had to use 'sudo' in order to be allowed to do this by my installation. Then there are the two other commands:

sudo chown -R $(whoami) ~/.gnupg/
find ~/.gnupg -type f -exec chmod 600 {} \;
find ~/.gnupg -type d -exec chmod 700 {} \;

I wrote my backup to a new folder on my external drive.


Strange behavior for hibernate on ubuntu 12.10

For suspend-to-disk (=hibernate) to reliably work you need a swap-partition at least the size of your RAM.
To be honest I never hibernate my T60, I always use suspend to RAM

EDIT:
This becomes even less of a real answer - but as you asked for a bug report I want to point you to https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DebuggingKernelSuspendHibernateResume, especially the parts further down.

(Remark: I remember problems on my T60 too but I have no idea how I solved them and I don't want to play with settings...)


Use the oflag=sync option and you'll see relevant speeds:

dd if=/dev/zero of=./largefile bs=1M count=3000 oflag=sync


Cannot boot 11.10 after 8.04 installation

If I remember correctly, Ubuntu 8.04 used grub 1, and ext4 was not supported yet, so it is most probably a grub problem.

The solution is to start with a 11.10 livecd and restore grub 2 using the usual procedures, see for example Recovering Ubuntu After Installing Windows (I know, you don't installed Windows, but the procedure is the same).


Ubuntu does not automatically upgrade PostgreSQL 8.4 to 9.1.  What probably happened is that 9.1 is now installed alongside the old 8.4, and the client tools you are using prefer to connect to the 9.1 instance.  Try pg_lsclusters to see what is really running on what ports they are on.


How to configure HDMI as default audio when unplugging the headphones?

According to 'user.dz' - you can trigger a script when headphones is disconnected.
when Headphone disconnects - use ACPI to trigger a script
(What code is executed when headphones are disconnected?).

In most systems if not all, ACPI can handle this event. To test that:
Run acpi_listen
Unplug & replug headphones, example output: (mic/ears share in same >jack on my laptop)
jack/headphone HEADPHONE unplug
jack/microphone MICROPHONE unplug
jack/headphone HEADPHONE plug
jack/microphone MICROPHONE plug
Put your-script.sh in /etc/acpi/
Add an event trigger file for your script in /etc/acpi/events/
event=jack/headphone HEADPHONE unplug
action=/etc/acpi/your-script.sh
Check the other files there to learn from.
You may need to restart acpid service to reload changed rules in >/etc/acpi
/events/
sudo service acpid restart

Default Headphone setting within terminal for the script
Could be done with recommendation to 'Takkat's answer from
(How can I change the default audio device from command line?)

You can control PulseAudio thoroughly through the command line using pacmd and >pactl commands. For options see man pages or the wiki at PulseAudio:
pacmd list-sinks (or pactl list short sinks) for name or index number of possible >sinks
pacmd set-default-sink "SINKNAME" to set the default output sink
pacmd set-default-source "SOURCENAME" to set the default input
pacmd set-sink-volume index volume
pacmd set-source-volume index volume for volume control (65536 = 100 %, 0 = mute; or a bit more intuitive 0x10000 = 100 %, 0x7500 = 75 %, 0x0 = 0 %)
and many many more CLI options.

This is my first answer - I hope it helps and pardon/let me know if theres anything I should've done differently.


Can't get Past Login Screen -Graphics Drivers 12.10

The Ubuntu X team has created a stable PPA for the Quadro NVS 160M  that should work with your graphics card too.

To Install it follow these instructions.

First you need to add the PPA.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates

Then Update the package list and install the driver

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install nvidia-current nvidia-settings

Then reboot the computer with sudo reboot

Source


How to switch desktop wall choice without pressing enter?

Just figured this out, although my method loses the "Live Preview" of the desktops. In CompizConfig, go to Desktop Wall, uncheck "Show Viewport Switcher Preview", and you no longer need to press Enter to commit the switch. The desktop will be switched immediately after animating.


Installing 13.04 Server on Hardware raid 0. Fails to install grub on /dev/mapper

You don't actually have a hardware raid.  You have what is known as a Fake Raid, which is really just a bad software raid implemented in the bios and a special driver for Windows.  If you don't need to dual boot with Windows, you should avoid using it since Linux software raid is much better supported and feature complete.

Your actual question is unclear.  The list box of where to install grub to will have /dev/mapper/something in it, and that is where you need to install it to.


I haven't tested it on my own, but the Grub Customizer seems to be able to do what you want. It's a nice GUI application where you can easily manage the Grub settings.


This command is used to change the ownership of a file or a folder.
We can change the ownership of a single folder or multiple folders included in it.

Mostly there will be two users.

root
customuser

NB: 'customuser' is your username. It will be vary with each system. You can check your username with typing whoami in terminal.

sometimes you can't copy/move/delete a file from certain folders. Because of the ownership problem. You can check the ownership of a folder by ll command (ll foldername).

To use chown, you should aware of what you gonna do. Else your system got busted. So aware of it.

Here is an example:
I have a folder in home folder named 'test'. And its owner is 'root'. I have many files/folders in 'test' folder. I need to change the ownership of entire 'test' folder and its sub folders to 'customuser'.
I can change the permission by typing:

sudo chown -R customuser:customuser /home/customuser/test

-R means recursive.
first customuser used for owner.
second customuser used for group.


xzoom

I found a simple solution that is working very well for me. I installed xzoom from the default repositories.

The usage is very simple, and exactly what I wanted:

start xzoom.
place the window where it does not disturb you.
"drag" your mouse cursor from within the window to the spot of the screen you want to magnify.

Additional note: I'm on Ubuntu 14.04 and before discovering xzoom, I tried the approaches suggested in the accepted solution. My experiences:

In ccsm I failed to find the "Magnifier". Under "Accessibility" I have an "Enhanced Desktop Zoom", but it is not really clear to me how it works, and I don't like to enable a global shortcut for this.
The Virtual Magnifying Glass is not in the repositories, and the downloaded version does not like my libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.so.0 (at first it did not find my installed libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.so; fixing LD_LIBRARY_PATH turns out that it is not a 64-bit executable...).

Another alternative I found is gpick, which is also available natively on Ubunutu. It works by showing a zoomed in window in the left area -- and the zoomed area follows the mouse cursor:

Compared to xzoom it seems to lack the possibility to scale and resize the zoom window, but offers the additional feature of picking pixel colors -- which sometimes is a related use case for me.


ImportError: cannot import name Gdl from gi.repository

Make sure the gdl-3 package is installed for you system, on Ubuntu that's:

sudo apt-get install gir1.2-gdl-3

Heres the package listing on debian.org:
https://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=contents&keywords=Gdl-3.typelib&mode=path&suite=unstable&arch=any

Credit to nemequ on irc.gnome.org for the references and solution.


How to change default download directory to /home rather than root

Impossible (mind that I assume you meant "installation of software" and not "download") as /home/ does not store installed software unless you switch to installing software from source and never use the software store. If you do that I would suggest using /opt/ as a mount point (as that makes the software available to all users and not just your user).

  now the problem is that all the updates and software I download via the terminal or Ubuntu store gets installed on the root and not on my home partition which is reducing my space on the SSD.

These are 2 different issues:

The download is kept in a cache directory (/var/cache/apt/archives/). You can delete the contents of that directory to save up space (see for instance var/cache/apt/archives occupying huge space ).

That cache can get large so removing those files might make the next part of this obsolete.
The installation of the download goes into several directories that reside in / (the main 3 are /usr/, /var/, and /etc/; more on that below) so it is impossible to move those locations to something like a /home/.

In the old days to separate installed software we would create a mount point for /usr/ (software mostly goes to this directory) and for /var/ (location for log files, websites, mysql database) and /etc/ (configuration files). But even then that came with a warning to keep them on the same disk: if the hdd is too slow during boot when the system expects /usr/ and /var/ to be available you have a broken boot.

So to do what you are asking you would need to create a mount point for /usr/ on the hdd. If you do that my advice would be to install ALL of Ubuntu on the HDD if you believe 20Gb is not enough and live with the fact booting is going to be a bit slower than when it would be done from the sdd.

Personal note:

  SSD size is small so I created a partition of 20gb for the root

I have never ever needed more than 15Gb for root and I do things with my system you might not do (like coding websites, and converting databases).


Install the ibus-m17n package:

sudo apt-get install ibus-m17n
Log out and log in again.
Select the Tamil (phonetic (m17n)) (IBus) option in Text Entry.


Windows partition recognized as unallocated space

Try to resize your C partition under Windows using the built-in disk management (just use the search function of Windows 8). Then select your C drive, right-click on it and choose Shrink Volume.... You will have to enter the amount of MB you want to shrink your C drive. Note that you have to leave some free disk space for Windows. Then reboot and repeat the installation of ubuntu; now the free space will be recognized by the installation routine.


In case you have Windows 10 or Windows 8 on the 2nd HDD, check this link: All drives mount read-only except primary ubuntu drive.
Windows is blocking the disks: you have to boot in Windows and uncheck "Turn on fast startup"


Problems with apt and Nvidia graphics driver

ok i resolve this be my self, i read this document:
https://forums.developer.nvidia.com/t/cannot-purge-and-install-nvidia-driver/59422/4
i use this comand to remove all programns whith dependencies brokens (sorry for my english)
sudo dpkg --force-all -P [name of package with unmet dependency]

then i use:
$sudo apt autoclean && apt clean

sudo apt update && apt upgrade

the terminal throw this:
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Leyendo lista de paquetes... Hecho
Creando árbol de dependencias
Leyendo la información de estado... Hecho
Tal vez quiera ejecutar «apt --fix-broken install» para corregirlo.
Los siguientes paquetes tienen dependencias incumplidas:
 **libnvidia-ifr1-440** : Depende: libnvidia-gl-440 pero no está instalado
E: Dependencias incumplidas. Intente «apt --fix-broken install» sin paquetes (o especifique una solución).

i use this:
$sudo dpkg --force-all -P libnvidia-ifr1-440

sudo apt update && apt upgrade

Leyendo lista de paquetes... Hecho
Creando árbol de dependencias
Leyendo la información de estado... Hecho
Calculando la actualización... Hecho
Los paquetes indicados a continuación se instalaron de forma automática y ya no son necesarios.
  gedit-common gedit-plugins-common gir1.2-ggit-1.0 gir1.2-gtksource-3.0 gir1.2-peas-1.0 lib32gcc1 libatomic1:i386
  libbsd0:i386 libc6-i386 libdrm-amdgpu1:i386 libdrm-intel1:i386 libdrm-nouveau2:i386 libdrm-radeon1:i386 libdrm2:i386
  libedit2:i386 libelf1:i386 libexpat1:i386 libffi6:i386 libgl1:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libglapi-mesa:i386
  libglvnd0:i386 libglx-mesa0:i386 libglx0:i386 libido3-0.1-0 libllvm8 libllvm9:i386 libnvidia-cfg1-440
  libnvidia-common-440 libnvidia-compute-440 libnvidia-compute-440:i386 libnvidia-decode-440 libnvidia-decode-440:i386
  libnvidia-encode-440 libnvidia-encode-440:i386 libnvidia-fbc1-440 libnvidia-fbc1-440:i386 libpciaccess0:i386
  libsensors4:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libx11-6:i386 libx11-xcb1:i386 libxau6:i386 libxcb-dri2-0:i386 libxcb-dri3-0:i386
  libxcb-glx0:i386 libxcb-present0:i386 libxcb-sync1:i386 libxcb1:i386 libxdamage1:i386 libxdmcp6:i386 libxext6:i386
  libxfixes3:i386 libxnvctrl0 libxshmfence1:i386 libxxf86vm1:i386 linux-headers-5.0.0-37
  linux-headers-5.0.0-37-generic linux-headers-5.3.0-51 linux-headers-5.3.0-51-generic linux-image-5.0.0-37-generic
  linux-image-5.3.0-51-generic linux-modules-5.0.0-37-generic linux-modules-5.3.0-51-generic
  linux-modules-extra-5.0.0-37-generic linux-modules-extra-5.3.0-51-generic nvidia-dkms-440 nvidia-kernel-common-440
  nvidia-kernel-source-440 nvidia-prime nvidia-settings ocl-icd-libopencl1 pkg-config screen-resolution-extra
  xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-440
Utilice **«sudo apt autoremove»** para eliminarlos.
0 actualizados, 0 nuevos se instalarán, 0 para eliminar y 0 no actualizados.

then i use this:
$sudo apt autoremove

Leyendo lista de paquetes... Hecho
Creando árbol de dependencias
Leyendo la información de estado... Hecho
Los siguientes paquetes se ELIMINARÁN:
  gedit-common gedit-plugins-common gir1.2-ggit-1.0 gir1.2-gtksource-3.0 gir1.2-peas-1.0 lib32gcc1 libatomic1:i386
  libbsd0:i386 libc6-i386 libdrm-amdgpu1:i386 libdrm-intel1:i386 libdrm-nouveau2:i386 libdrm-radeon1:i386 libdrm2:i386
  libedit2:i386 libelf1:i386 libexpat1:i386 libffi6:i386 libgl1:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libglapi-mesa:i386
  libglvnd0:i386 libglx-mesa0:i386 libglx0:i386 libido3-0.1-0 libllvm8 libllvm9:i386 libnvidia-cfg1-440
  libnvidia-common-440 libnvidia-compute-440 libnvidia-compute-440:i386 libnvidia-decode-440 libnvidia-decode-440:i386
  libnvidia-encode-440 libnvidia-encode-440:i386 libnvidia-fbc1-440 libnvidia-fbc1-440:i386 libpciaccess0:i386
  libsensors4:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libx11-6:i386 libx11-xcb1:i386 libxau6:i386 libxcb-dri2-0:i386 libxcb-dri3-0:i386
  libxcb-glx0:i386 libxcb-present0:i386 libxcb-sync1:i386 libxcb1:i386 libxdamage1:i386 libxdmcp6:i386 libxext6:i386
  libxfixes3:i386 libxnvctrl0 libxshmfence1:i386 libxxf86vm1:i386 linux-headers-5.0.0-37
  linux-headers-5.0.0-37-generic linux-headers-5.3.0-51 linux-headers-5.3.0-51-generic linux-image-5.0.0-37-generic
  linux-image-5.3.0-51-generic linux-modules-5.0.0-37-generic linux-modules-5.3.0-51-generic
  linux-modules-extra-5.0.0-37-generic linux-modules-extra-5.3.0-51-generic nvidia-dkms-440 nvidia-kernel-common-440
  nvidia-kernel-source-440 nvidia-prime nvidia-settings ocl-icd-libopencl1 pkg-config screen-resolution-extra
  xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-440
0 actualizados, 0 nuevos se instalarán, 75 para eliminar y 0 no actualizados.
Se liberarán 1.350 MB después de esta operación.
¿Desea continuar? [S/n] s
(Leyendo la base de datos ... 268024 ficheros o directorios instalados actualmente.)
Desinstalando gedit-common (3.28.1-1ubuntu1.2) ...
Desinstalando gedit-plugins-common (3.28.1-1) ...
Desinstalando gir1.2-ggit-1.0:amd64 (0.26.2-1) ...
Desinstalando gir1.2-gtksource-3.0:amd64 (3.24.7-1+elementary6~ubuntu5.0.1) ...
Desinstalando gir1.2-peas-1.0:amd64 (1.22.0-2) ...
Desinstalando lib32gcc1 (1:8.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04) ...
Desinstalando libnvidia-fbc1-440:i386 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando libgl1:i386 (1.0.0-2ubuntu2.3) ...
Desinstalando libglx0:i386 (1.0.0-2ubuntu2.3) ...
Desinstalando libglx-mesa0:i386 (19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.3) ...
Desinstalando libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 (19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.3) ...
Desinstalando libllvm9:i386 (1:9-2~ubuntu18.04.2) ...
Desinstalando libatomic1:i386 (8.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04) ...
Desinstalando libnvidia-encode-440:i386 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando libnvidia-decode-440:i386 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando libxxf86vm1:i386 (1:1.1.4-1) ...
Desinstalando libxcb-sync1:i386 (1.13-2~ubuntu18.04) ...
Desinstalando libc6-i386 (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
Desinstalando libdrm-amdgpu1:i386 (2.4.99-1ubuntu1~18.04.2) ...
Desinstalando libdrm-intel1:i386 (2.4.99-1ubuntu1~18.04.2) ...
Desinstalando libdrm-nouveau2:i386 (2.4.99-1ubuntu1~18.04.2) ...
Desinstalando libdrm-radeon1:i386 (2.4.99-1ubuntu1~18.04.2) ...
Desinstalando libdrm2:i386 (2.4.99-1ubuntu1~18.04.2) ...
Desinstalando libedit2:i386 (3.1-20170329-1) ...
Desinstalando libelf1:i386 (0.170-0.4ubuntu0.1) ...
Desinstalando libexpat1:i386 (2.2.5-3ubuntu0.2) ...
Desinstalando libffi6:i386 (3.2.1-8) ...
Desinstalando libglapi-mesa:i386 (19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.3) ...
Desinstalando libglvnd0:i386 (1.0.0-2ubuntu2.3) ...
Desinstalando libido3-0.1-0:amd64 (13.10.0+17.04.20161028-0ubuntu1) ...
Desinstalando libllvm8:amd64 (1:8-3~ubuntu18.04.2) ...
Desinstalando xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-440 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando libnvidia-cfg1-440:amd64 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando libnvidia-common-440 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando libnvidia-encode-440:amd64 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando libnvidia-decode-440:amd64 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando libnvidia-compute-440:amd64 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando libnvidia-compute-440:i386 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando libnvidia-fbc1-440:amd64 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando libpciaccess0:i386 (0.14-1) ...
Desinstalando libsensors4:i386 (1:3.4.0-4) ...
Desinstalando libstdc++6:i386 (8.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04) ...
Desinstalando libx11-xcb1:i386 (2:1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2) ...
Desinstalando libxcb-dri2-0:i386 (1.13-2~ubuntu18.04) ...
Desinstalando libxcb-dri3-0:i386 (1.13-2~ubuntu18.04) ...
Desinstalando libxcb-glx0:i386 (1.13-2~ubuntu18.04) ...
Desinstalando libxcb-present0:i386 (1.13-2~ubuntu18.04) ...
Desinstalando libxdamage1:i386 (1:1.1.4-3) ...
Desinstalando libxext6:i386 (2:1.3.3-1) ...
Desinstalando libxfixes3:i386 (1:5.0.3-1) ...
Desinstalando nvidia-settings (440.44-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando libxnvctrl0:amd64 (440.44-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando libxshmfence1:i386 (1.3-1) ...
Desinstalando linux-headers-5.0.0-37-generic (5.0.0-37.40~18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando linux-headers-5.0.0-37 (5.0.0-37.40~18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando linux-headers-5.3.0-51-generic (5.3.0-51.44~18.04.2) ...
Desinstalando linux-headers-5.3.0-51 (5.3.0-51.44~18.04.2) ...
Desinstalando linux-modules-extra-5.0.0-37-generic (5.0.0-37.40~18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando linux-image-5.0.0-37-generic (5.0.0-37.40~18.04.1) ...
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-5.0.0-37-generic
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub:
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
Generando un fichero de configuración de grub...
Encontrada imagen de linux: /boot/vmlinuz-5.3.0-59-generic
Encontrada imagen de memoria inicial: /boot/initrd.img-5.3.0-59-generic
Encontrada imagen de linux: /boot/vmlinuz-5.3.0-53-generic
Encontrada imagen de memoria inicial: /boot/initrd.img-5.3.0-53-generic
Encontrada imagen de linux: /boot/vmlinuz-5.3.0-51-generic
Encontrada imagen de memoria inicial: /boot/initrd.img-5.3.0-51-generic
Encontrado Windows 10 en /dev/sda1
hecho
Desinstalando linux-modules-extra-5.3.0-51-generic (5.3.0-51.44~18.04.2) ...
Desinstalando linux-image-5.3.0-51-generic (5.3.0-51.44~18.04.2) ...
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-5.3.0-51-generic
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub:
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
Generando un fichero de configuración de grub...
Encontrada imagen de linux: /boot/vmlinuz-5.3.0-59-generic
Encontrada imagen de memoria inicial: /boot/initrd.img-5.3.0-59-generic
Encontrada imagen de linux: /boot/vmlinuz-5.3.0-53-generic
Encontrada imagen de memoria inicial: /boot/initrd.img-5.3.0-53-generic
File descriptor 10 (/var/lib/dpkg/triggers/linux-update-5.0.0-37-generic (deleted)) leaked on lvs invocation. Parent PID 8112: /bin/sh
Encontrado Windows 10 en /dev/sda1
hecho
Desinstalando linux-modules-5.0.0-37-generic (5.0.0-37.40~18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando linux-modules-5.3.0-51-generic (5.3.0-51.44~18.04.2) ...
Desinstalando nvidia-dkms-440 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Removing all DKMS Modules
Done.
INFO:Disable nvidia
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/lenovo_thinkpad
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/dell_latitude
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/put_your_quirks_here
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Desinstalando nvidia-kernel-common-440 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Desinstalando nvidia-kernel-source-440 (440.59-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Desinstalando nvidia-prime (0.8.8.2) ...
Desinstalando ocl-icd-libopencl1:amd64 (2.2.11-1ubuntu1) ...
Desinstalando pkg-config (0.29.1-0ubuntu2) ...
Desinstalando screen-resolution-extra (0.17.3) ...
Desinstalando libx11-6:i386 (2:1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2) ...
Desinstalando libxcb1:i386 (1.13-2~ubuntu18.04) ...
Desinstalando libxdmcp6:i386 (1:1.1.2-3) ...
Desinstalando libbsd0:i386 (0.8.7-1ubuntu0.1) ...
Desinstalando libxau6:i386 (1:1.0.8-1) ...
Procesando disparadores para desktop-file-utils (0.23-1ubuntu3.18.04.2+elementary2~ubuntu5.0.1) ...
Procesando disparadores para libglib2.0-0:amd64 (2.56.4-0ubuntu0.18.04.6) ...
No existe la clave «button-layout» en el esquema «org.gnome.mutter:Pantheon» como se especificó en el archivo de sobrescritura «/usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/20_elementary.pantheon.wm.gschema.override»; ignorando la sobrescritura para esta clave.
No existe la clave «enable-animations» en el esquema «org.gnome.mutter:Pantheon» como se especificó en el archivo de sobrescritura «/usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/20_elementary.pantheon.wm.gschema.override»; ignorando la sobrescritura para esta clave.
Procesando disparadores para initramfs-tools (0.130ubuntu3.9) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.3.0-59-generic
I: The initramfs will attempt to resume from /dev/sda6
I: (UUID=06c6f90c-835b-4330-8aeb-44ebeaf7bed3)
I: Set the RESUME variable to override this.
Procesando disparadores para bamfdaemon (0.5.3+18.04.20180207.2-0ubuntu1) ...
Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index...
Procesando disparadores para libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
Procesando disparadores para doc-base (0.10.8) ...
Procesando 1 archivo doc-base eliminado...
Procesando disparadores para man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
Procesando disparadores para gnome-menus (3.13.3-11ubuntu1.1) ...
Procesando disparadores para dbus (1.12.2-1ubuntu1.1) ...
Procesando disparadores para hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ...
Procesando disparadores para mime-support (3.60ubuntu1) ...

AND FINISH, APT IS WORKING AGAIN AND I DON'T WANT TO INSTALL NVIDIA NEVER! XD THANKS MY FRIENDS


How can I enable password-less sudo for the apache2 service?

The original question was conflating two seperate issues. It seems that it is not possible to specifcy arguments or flags for the command specification of a line in a sudoers file. Thus the command specification has to either be generalized to /usr/sbin/service, which is again insecure, or it has to be changed to enable NOPASSWD on a command that is more restrictive than allowing any service to be run with sudo.

Fortunately in this case I can simply use the apachectl service directly to allow fine-grained sudo rights for apache and nothing else. The updated file /etc/sudoers.d/ansible:

ansible ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/apachectl

Note that running the Ansible playbook, updated to use apachectl still fails with the error message sudo: a password is required, however this appears to be a seperate issue with how I attempt to use Ansible or possibly something else. Regardless, it does not seem relevant to the sudo issue of the original question.


Is the result of upgrade for system files different than a full clean install?

The Debian (dist-upgrade) and Ubuntu (release-upgrade) methods of migrating-to-the-next-release-without-formatting should not leave extraneous files scattered about your filesystem.
Debian has spent 25 years ruthlessly improving package quality, and it's very good. The Debian Archive Admins will reject and delete packages that fail to meet standards or make systems unstable. The standard for deb packages is that the package manager should remove all traces of a package, returning the system to a state similar to before the package was originally installed.
Generally, if you discover "junk" files left behind, that's a bug -- please file a bug report!
Also, if you discover a package that leaves cruft behind, please file a bug report.
There are several exceptions to the expectation of clean removal:

Your data in /home, which the package manager will never, ever delete.
System configs and settings in /etc. (use --purge to delete these)
Temporary files created by running applications, like PID files in /run, lockfiles in /var, and temporary files (mostly) in /tmp. These should be cleaned up by the application upon exit. If not, please file a bug report.
Persistent files created or modified by applications, like logfiles or caches in /var. Some will be deleted upon uninstall (caches), others won't (logfiles). If you have manually modified or added your own customizations, the package manager might not remove your file(s).
Packages from somewhere that's not in the official Debian Archives or Ubuntu Repositories may-or-may-not meet the standards, and might indeed leave cruft laying about. You likely know better than to install random debs from the big, dirty internet already.


Selective screenshot using +Button1 is Overlayed with blue color

This is a known bug in Compiz: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/compiz/+bug/771875


How to install WPS Office via Command Line

Apparently, you don't have package libpng12-0 installed.  Download the correct one for your architecture.

For 64-bit
For 32-bit

Then open terminal and run the command below to install libpng12-0 package

sudo dpkg -i libpng12-0_1.2.50-2+deb8u2_amd64.deb

For 64-bit, or

sudo dpkg -i libpng12-0_1.2.50-2+deb8u3_i386.deb

For 32-bit

And then run

sudo dpkg -i wps-office_10.1.0.5672~a21_amd64.deb

To install WPS Office.


need generic /home entry for Ubuntu 18.04 /etc/fstab

Get UUID of partitions with sudo blkid
For GPT partitioned disks use sudo sgdisk
More information about UUID at Ubuntu Documentation : Using UUID

The 'builtin' /home line in fstab for an ext4 home partition:

# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# /home
UUID=<a-string> /home ext4 defaults 0 2


To use Xournal to highlight or add text to a PDF file, select File >
  Annotate PDF (you can also chose the usual File > Open, but make sure
  you then select to view all files, not just Xournal files) and select
  the PDF you want to annotate or highlight text.

  Xournal cannot save a file in PDF format but you can easily select
  File > Export to PDF to achieve something similar so it's a viable
  solution for those who are looking for a reliable tool to
  annotate/highlight text in PDF files on Linux.

Source: HIGHLIGHT TEXT OR ANNOTATE PDF FILES IN UBUNTU WITH XOURNAL.


How can I see the GPU temperture of my ATI graphics card?

If you are using the proprietary driver (fglrx), then the command you want is aticonfig --odgt.

So far as I'm aware, for many cards this sensor will not be exposed through lm-sensors.


is there anyway to write Arabic root in Libreoffice?

Click on tools --> options

Once the options window open, click on language settings --> languages, and make sure that you have a check mark in Complex Text Layout, and choose Arabic.  See image below.


wireless adapter won't work on old macbookpro (2011) on Ubuntu 17.10

The file /etc/modules list kernel modules to be loaded at boot.
Modules are listed one per line. So edit it and add b43.
Then reboot. rfkill and unblock should not be needed.


Dash Won't Show Up / Brings up a blank window. Also glitchy screen

I think it's your graphic driver problem. Try proprietary drivers if available.
Open up dash and type "Software & Updates" then go to "Additional Drivers" tab and see if there is proprietary drivers listed, if yes then choose it. After downloading completed, restart your computer.


How to make an already live Ubuntu pen-drive, a persistent one?

2017

Persistent partitions have not worked in syslinux Live Ubuntu systems since 14.04. This includes SDC, UNetbootin, Rufus etc.

If you really want to make an existing install persistent, you can build a casper-rw file in Windows and add it to the root of your flash drive, see https://www.pendrivelinux.com/casper-rw-creator-make-a-persistent-file-from-windows/

The casper-rw file will be limited to 4GB and only works on a FAT32 partition.

If you want the boot to be persistent press Shift, select language, press F6, hit Enter and type persistent, (For UNetbootin press Tab then F6)

if you want every session to be persistent, modify isolinux/txt.cfg as Danatela shows above (or for UNetbootin install modify syslinux.cfg the same way).

Probably easier to re-make the persistent drive using mkusb, it makes persistent partitions automatically.


Is it possible to upgrade samba in Ubuntu 16.04 to higher version than 4.3.11 without upgrading system ?

Yes. Upgrading might be less hassle though.

Samba provides downloads for lots of versions and that includes a debian installer for Ubuntu 18.04 (v4.7.6) and 18.10 (v4.8.4). Mind that this will pull in the dependencies too but looking at the package list it is not that bad (libc6 would be the most difficult one).


Ubuntu 12.04 installation terminated due to fatal error

Actually, you shouldn't have to do any manual partitioning as of newer Ubuntu distributions. Just leave a blank unformatted partition the size of your desired ubuntu installation and the setup will take care of the rest. Also remove the faulting previous Ubuntu partition to avoid this one being used instead of your fresh install.

If you want to use the MBR for Windows 7 instead, insert your Windows 7 installation media and select Repair > Command line. Then type BootRec.exe /fixmbr

If you suspect the iso being corrupt, this might be the best way to go about to be able to download a new iso and redo the Ubuntu installation media.


To make an external device available as audio sink and to switch to a playing stream  on plugging in we may need to add the following to our /etc/pulse/default.pa (for pulseaudio >= 1.0):

load-module module-switch-on-connect

This needs a restart of the pulseaudio server to take effect. If daemonized to auto-spawn (this is the default) we can easily perform this with the following command:

pulseaudio -k


Trying to update to 12.10 but Update Manager not showing update for it

You need to change the update-manager settings to show 12.10, since it's not an LTS release, and by default update-manager only shows available LTS updates.

To do so, follow these steps:

Open up update-manager through the Dash: tap on Windows and type in update-manager.
Click on Settings.
Under the Updates tab, change Notify me of a new Ubuntu version from the default For long-term support versions to For any new version.

For clarity, here's a screenshot:


Try force reloading Alsa. To do that, use the following command in terminalCtrl+Alt+T

sudo alsa force-reload

After force reload it may seemed to be like hanged or still in process .. No need to get panic. It may take some couple of seconds. You can simply close it afterwards by using Ctrl^C

Now, you need to reboot your computer..


Installation problems with Gimp 2.8 on Kubuntu 12

Firstly remove the gimp 2.8 repo by running these commands:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:otto-kesselgulasch/gimp

And then run:

sudo apt-get update

Now remove the plugin-registery as it is not supported on 2.8:

sudo apt-get remove gimp-plugin-registry

Once that’s done you can install Gimp 2.8:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:otto-kesselgulasch/gimp
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gimp

After Gimp 2.8 is installed successfully, here's how you can install plugin-registry on gimp 2.8.

http://www.webupd8.org/2012/05/install-gimp-plugin-registry-for-gimp.html


I had to install "ure" from Synaptic Package Manager but in options I had to select to "force previous version", ie. 4.0.2.... after that, I was able to install Libre Office...


Need the gnu g77 Fortran compiler on Ubuntu 16.04 - Having issues

I've written a blog post about installing g77 on Ubuntu >=14.04. But the main details are:

Add the Ubuntu 8.04 repo's. Do this by editing the sources.list:

sudo -H gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Then to the bottom of that file add:

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy universe
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy universe
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates universe
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates universe

Then run an update and install g77:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install g77

You might get lucky and g77 might work for you straight away. Likely you'll get an error message, something like:

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

This means ld can't find a library (libgcc_s). Find the library yourself, check where ld is looking, and put a link there:

sudo find /usr/ -name libgcc_s.so
ld -lgcc_s --verbose
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/libgcc_s.so /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/

(you may have to modify the target and link in the link command depending on the return from the find and ld commands)

EDIT:

David Foerster suggests in the comments that mixing Ubuntu versions is a bad idea. So I should mention that after installing g77 I would then usually edit the /etc/apt/sources.list file again and comment out the 8.04 repos: i.e.

sudo -H gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

and then:

## deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy universe
## deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy universe
## deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates universe
## deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates universe

I've been installing, and running, g77 like this for the last 5 years or so without any difficulties.


Automatically load module on system startup

If adding the module to the file /etc/modules doesn't work, take a look on blacklist files at /etc/modprobe.d and search if your module was there...

you can run grep -i 8812au *.* at this folder /etc/modprobe.d
and remove or comment all the entries, add 8812au to /etc/modules and then reboot.


It seems that you are using one of the following PPAs without their signing key:

https://launchpad.net/~shiki/+archive/mediainfo

https://launchpad.net/~shiki/+archive/personal

If you remember to have added one (or more) of these PPAs, you can import the key with this command:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys F9D8BC54

Then, you can proceed adding the Medibuntu archive again.


How do I debug an overheating problem on a Dell Inspiron 1564?

There seems to be quite a few fan/heating issues with dell laptops. My first port of call would be to upgrade the bios.

I have had systems before that over heat and the bios update usually sorts the problem.
UnFortunately it depends on dells support, please check the link below.

http://support.dell.com/support/downloads/driverslist.aspx?c=us&cs=19&l=en&s=dhs&SystemID=INSPIRON1564&os=BIOSA&osl=en&servicetag=&catid=1&impid=-1&dateid=-1&typeid=-1&formatid=-1&source=-1

Hope this helps some what.


Ubuntu Server Team recommend this 2 option:

1.- OpenSSH Server

2.- eBox is a web framework used to manage server application configuration. The modular design of eBox allows you to pick and choose which services you want to configure using eBox.

see details here

3.- in ubuntu server 10.10 ebox was changed with Puppet is a cross platform framework enabling system administrators to perform common tasks using code. The code can do a variety of tasks from installing new software, to checking file permissions, or updating user accounts. Puppet is great not only during the initial installation of a system, but also throughout the system's entire life cycle. In most circumstances puppet will be used in a client/server configuration. more details here

4.- in ubuntu server 12.04 the team introduce Zentyal is a Linux small business server, that can be configured as a Gateway, Infrastructure Manager, Unified Threat Manager, Office Server, Unified Communication Server or a combination of them. Zentyal consists of a serie of packages (usually one for each module) that provide a web interface to configure the different servers or services. The configuration is stored on a key-value Redis database but users, groups and domains related configuration is on OpenLDAP. more details here


VNC to a server that requires ProxyJump param in .ssh config

tl;dr

set "Pre Command" in remmina to ssh -vNL 12345:[its IP address]:5900 my-user@our.local.network.name
set "Server" in remmina as localhost:12345
leave "SSH tunnel" unticked in remmina

You can have as complicated jumps as you want this way. When I'm using regular ssh, I connect to an internal ip 192.168.1.42 through a jump host bastion which connects to domain. I have this in my ~/.ssh/config:

Host bastion
     HostName bastion.example.com

Host domain
     HostName domain.example.com
     ProxyJump bastion

Host internal
     HostName 192.168.1.42
     ProxyJump domain
     # Needs to go via `domain` since bastion is on a completely separate network

With this config, I can just ssh internal, but of course remmina doesn't understand that. If there wasn't a need for going through bastion, I could use put domain:22 in the "SSH tunnel" settings, but now I need to go through both.

So instead, we open up a tunnel from localhost:12345 to the RDP/VNC port 5900 on internal via domain:

ssh -vNL 12345:129.242.131.140:5900 domain

You can try that in a terminal, then from another one do telnet localhost 12345 – if the ports are right, you should see

$ telnet localhost 12345
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.
RFB 003.889

(hit ctrl+] and ctrl+d to exit). If that didn't work, you may have to try another port than 5900 (I think for several displays, it'll use 5901, 5902 etc.)

Now just put ssh -vNL 12345:129.242.131.140:5900 domain into remmina's "Pre Command", and use localhost:12345 as the server, and untick "SSH Tunnel".


It shows that gvfs is automatically started with the first Nautilus instance (I still don't know how, but it does).

So to restart gvfs, just kill all the remaining process (killing the "master" gvfsd daemon is enough), make sure all instances of nautilus are closed, and then open a new one.

killall gvfsd
nautilus -q  # Close all Nautilus windows/instances
nautilus


Why are bugs responsible for big deficiencies in functionality given such low priority?

I think the reason for the priority set to low is for a few reasons.

1) You're talking about functionality that isn't part of the Core Ubuntu experience. Unity is fully supported by Canonical and is what they are pushing (see removing Kubuntu developer). Gnome Shell and Gnome Classic aren't something that they support at all, so that can contribute to the priority.

2) There aren't that many people affected by it. Looking at the "heat" of that bug you listed, it's 54, with puts you in the top 25% of bug heat against Compiz, but just barely. There are many more bugs with quite a bit more heat than that one. (The top bug has 1214 heat). There are only X amount of developers, and most of them aren't paid. Their resources are focused where they can do the most good.

3) It was initially marked low due to missing information, then never updated. Although had it been updated, I wouldn't put it higher than medium.

4) I don't use separate X screens myself, nor do I use compiz cube. I do have twinview setup with my two monitors and Unity and it works fine for me. I'd imagine that my setup is more common than yours, also contributing to the bug priority.


I got it to work.  I had to re-download Discord: https://discordapp.com/download, then run these commands:

sudo dpkg -i discord-0.0.5.deb:

root@adam-desktop:/home/adam/Downloads# dpkg -i discord-0.0.5.deb
Selecting previously unselected package discord.
(Reading database ... 253573 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack discord-0.0.5.deb ...
Unpacking discord (0.0.5) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of discord:
 discord depends on libc++1; however:
  Package libc++1 is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package discord (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.23-1ubuntu3.18.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.13.3-11ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.60ubuntu1) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 discord

Notice the error, so run the next command: sudo apt-get install -f:

root@adam-desktop:/home/adam/Downloads# apt-get install -f
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libc++1 libc++abi1
Suggested packages:
  clang
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libc++1 libc++abi1
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 240 kB of archives.
After this operation, 1,024 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 libc++abi1 amd64 6.0-2 [56.7 kB]
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 libc++1 amd64 6.0-2 [183 kB]
Fetched 240 kB in 0s (781 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package libc++abi1:amd64.
(Reading database ... 253662 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libc++abi1_6.0-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libc++abi1:amd64 (6.0-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libc++1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libc++1_6.0-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libc++1:amd64 (6.0-2) ...
Setting up libc++abi1:amd64 (6.0-2) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libc++1:amd64 (6.0-2) ...
Setting up discord (0.0.5) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ..


how to format a USB drive in ZFS under Ubuntu precise (12.04) (32bit)

Well, first off you need to ensure that you have zfs installed on your system.

On Ubuntu you can run:

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:zfs-native/stable
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install ubuntu-zfs

Then you can follow through with the "Getting Started" in the official ZFS documentation: http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Community+Group+zfs/intro

The reason "ZFS on Linux" recommends 64 bit is because of kernel compatibility. See: http://zfsonlinux.org/faq.html#WhatKernelVersionsAreSupported

There is also an article here that shows formatting the disks, etc.


You need to install the package build-essential for making the package
  and checkinstall for putting it into your package manager.

Open the Terminal and use this command line:

sudo apt-get install build-essential checkinstall

source


Switching to another TTY after running startx and returning breaks Xorg

Ah, the solution was relatively simple, instead of running

$ startx /usr/bin/xterm -- :1

Running

$ startx /usr/bin/xterm -- :1 vt$(tty | sed -e "s:/dev/tty::")

Will prevent X from breaking when I switch TTYs.


How do I configure Pidgin to allow video chat with people using WLMessenger?

You can't really, for the simple reason that it's not correctly implemented for now.

From Pidgin's FAQ:

  Does Pidgin support voice or video? Yes, Pidgin does support voice and video, but this is limited to Unix-like platforms and the
  XMPP protocol (including GoogleTalk).

More documentation can be found here with current progress on video chat support in Pidgin.


Yes xfce is a pretty lightweight DE.
If you want the whole Xubuntu package it might be best to back up your data and reinstall, otherwise install the xfce4 package via the software center or the command line with

  sudo apt-get install xfce4

and you should consider installing the xfce4-goodies package for a lot of helpful extras to really bring the best of xfce out. If you want the whole Xubuntu baggage, you can install the xubuntu-desktop package, but that would leave you with a lot of duplicate applications.The unity applications should work fine with xfce too.You are better off if you cherry pick which xfce applications you want to install along/instead of the default ones.


Adding Canon Pixma MX860 to Ubuntu 14.04

I simply installed the cups-backend-bjnp package in the Ubuntu 14.04 repository to find my MX850 after upgrading from 12.04.

sudo apt-get install cups-backend-bjnp


Ubuntu 16.04 suddenly completely broken, lightdm/xorg broken, network down

Okay, i managed to fix my computer.

1) My network was gone because the specific kernel did not contain the driver i needed (alx). I had to boot with an older kernel and update to a more recent version. For some strange reason 4.4.0-98-generic did not include it, 4.4.0-101-generic works though

2) I uninstalled xserver-xorg, deleted all .x* files belonging to it, made all updates, rebooted and my graphical interface works again.

Its very frustrating to poweron your computer to work just to see, that a kernel update made the pc completely unusable, new kernel patchlevel releases should never remove any drivers - especially on a lts version! Maybe i am wrong on this and something else caused my troubles, i dont know...


Sound Volume after boot always at loudest level

Please try this approach - it might help.


Permanent hostname change:

You have to edit the file /etc/hostname and change the name of the system and then run:

/etc/init.d/hostname.sh start

to make the change active. The hostname saved in this file (/etc/hostname) will be preserved on system reboot (and will be set using the same script we used hostname.sh).


How can I make dropbox display an icon in Gnome Shell?

You don't say which gnome-shell ypu are using. For me works (sort of) by installing the extension TopIcons and AppIndicator (this one with this settings:)

(Sometime the dropbox icon appears in the list, sometine no). The result is this:

Form time to time, the dropbox icon disappears after a resume (but dropbox is still working). Issuing

dropbox stop
dropbox start

make the icon reapper. I reported the bug.


Try sudo apt-get -f install to install the missing dependencies and try again.


The documentation for DOTNET() are in the "Windows Only Extensions" section. I'm guessing that the other PHP binaries don't even have this function compiled.


Alias for directory name with space in the name

It is ...

cd "$Any_Name"

Environment variables need to be evaluated.

And also ...

 alias Any_Name="/home/User/Desktop/Folder\ Name"

By the way ...

:~$pwd
/home/rinzind
:~$ alias
alias a='cd /tmp'
:~$ a
:/tmp$ pwd
/tmp
:/tmp$

I forgot this was about spaces ...

:~$ cd /tmp/
:~$ mkdir "tmp 2/"
:~$ alias a="cd /tmp/tmp\ 2/"
:~$ a
:/tmp/tmp 2$


apt cacher wont do-release-upgrade for saucy

The version of apt-cacher running on the proxy host is out of date.

See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=600893 and https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/apt-cacher/+bug/561902.

In my case I found that because I had modified /etc/apt-cacher/apt-cacher.conf on my proxy host, regular apt[itude] upgrades had not updated apt-cacher.conf.

I found apt-cacher.conf.dpkg-dist in the same directory, used diff to determine which settings I needed to keep, then updated apt-cacher.conf.

Since I'm updating to Trusty, I also added it to the "ubuntu_release_names" list in the same file, restarted apt-cacher and all is well.

(My proxy is running 12.10)


E: unable to locate package libnlopt-cxx-dev

libnlopt-cxx-dev is in the default repositories of Ubuntu 19.04, 19.10 and 20.04. To install it open the terminal and type:

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt install libnlopt-cxx-dev


Why do I have to enable the AppArmor profile for Firefox? Why isn't it "on" by default?

In theory you don't have to do anything when the firefox version changes as the AA profile is updated too.

"Activating" the FF AppArmor profile via sudo aa-enforce /etc/apparmor.d/usr.bin.firefox will enforce the policies right away, no need to reboot.


How to enforce IPv6 source address selection with addrlabel at startup?

Add it to /etc/network/interfaces as a post-up to the interface.


Will Ubuntu work on a Dell Inspiron 15R?

Boot in to a live CD and validate if everything including wireless working or not. That is the best way to validate driver support before you install. If there is small problems, you can try to resolve them after final install.


Unity launcher keyboard shortcuts for "/media" mounted drives?

As far as I know there is no way to select individual items with the keyboard, but you can report a bug (ubuntu-bug unity) on unity, as this would be a good improvement.

If you have the skills you can also write a patch :)!


Creating a new subdirectory in multiple existing directories

You can do it without a loop:

mkdir -p Week{1..15}/Assignments


Are there commands to install Ubuntu from USB?

You may, using debootstrap. This is not for the faint of heart, as it is mostly a manual procedure, but it's absolutely possible.

First you will have to make space. Shrink one of the existing partitions, so you have at least a gigabyte or three for Ubuntu. This can be increased later, when you have booted into Ubuntu, and are ready to remove your current OS. gparted is a nice GUI tool for working with partitions.

Next, mount your new partition somewhere nice. I will use /mnt for this in this text.

Also run the following command, and save the UUID for later! Substitute sdb1 for whatever partition you set up.

$ sudo blkid /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="ubuntu" UUID="a15e52e5-a5e3-4643-a657-43ce87f9aa00" TYPE="ext4"

Getting debootstrap

At this stage I assumed /mnt/ is mounted.

First step is to download debootstrap. At the time of writing, debootstrap_1.0.95.tar.gz is the latest version:

[/tmp]$ wget "http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/pool/main/d/debootstrap/debootstrap_1.0.95.tar.gz"
[/tmp]$ tar zxf debootstrap_1.0.95.tar.gz
[/tmp]$ cd debootstrap-1.0.95/
[/tmp/debootstrap-1.0.95]$ export DEBOOTSTRAP_DIR=`pwd`
[/tmp/debootstrap-1.0.95]$ sudo DEBOOTSTRAP_DIR=`pwd` ./debootstrap --arch=amd64 xenial /mnt http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
[removed lots of output of debootstrap fetching packages]

This step takes some time, as the base system is downloaded and unpacked into /mnt. It should end with I: Base system installed successfully.

Then we need to bind mount some system directories, so information about the machine is available inside the chroot:

# sudo mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev
# sudo mount -o bind /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts
# sudo mount -t sysfs /sys /mnt/sys
# sudo mount -t proc /proc /mnt/proc

chroot into the new system

[/tmp/debootstrap-1.0.95]$ sudo chroot /mnt
root@hannah:/#

This is a functioning Ubuntu system, albeit a minimal one.
First step is probably to install a few packages, such as nano.
You will get error messages complaining that devices are unavailable and so forth. This is normal. Ignore them.

All commands from now on is run inside the chroot environment.

Mount the virtual /proc and /sys fs:
    # mount -t proc proc /proc
    # mount -t sysfs sysfs /sys

Configure fstab

The fstab is blank. Edit it with nano:

# nano /etc/fstab

Add a line like

UUID=a15e52e5-a5e3-4643-a657-43ce87f9aa00  /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1

where the UUID is the one you saved above.

Update your system

# echo "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main" > /etc/apt/sources.list
# echo "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
# echo "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
# apt-get update && apt-get upgrade

Time to install a kernel!

# apt-cache search linux-image

will list available kernels. Pick a suitable one. For me this was linux-image-4.8.0-58-generic, which was installed with

# apt-get install linux-image-4.8.0-58-generic

This should ask you where you want to install the bootloader. This is typically the main drive, /dev/sda or similar. This will overwrite your current bootloader and make your current system unbootable!

Adding a user

# adduser foo
 ##Answer adduser with password, name and so on
# usermod -aG sudo username

The last command will add sudo permissions for the user.

Misc things to configure

You probably want to configure those items.

Timezone:

# dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

Locales:

# dpkg-reconfigure locales

Install lubuntu-desktop

# apt-get lubuntu-desktop

This will install the meta-package lubuntu-desktop which depends on all you need for a standard lubuntu desktop. This takes a little while, as it is many packages. This will probably fail, as blueman will refuse to work without a running, proper system. Ignore it, and remove it with apt-get remove blueman.

This should be more or less it. Reboot into your new system, and log in.


"unknown file system. Grub rescue" won't let me access to BIOS

You need Windows 8 Recovery CD, you can make one by using specific option on Windows 8 or by downloading image of it (search google for guides). Then, make a bootable CD or USB (I recommend using WinToBootic) and repair boot - automatically or in command prompt (two commands: bootrec.exe /fixboot and bootrec.exe /fixmbr).


Duplicity was interfering with my data. I removed Deja-Dup and duplicity from my system.


There is no wifi icon at top right and i cant connect to internet

Check the wifi settings to see if the laptop even detects that you have a network adapter. If not detected, try restarting your laptop and entering BIOS settings. Leave BIOS settings and start you computer again. For me this was often enough to get my laptop to detect my networking card again.


How do I get a file size(original file size) within .tar.gz without uncompress it?

To get the uncompressed size of a ZIP file we can issue gzip with option --list or -l

gzip -l mytext.txt.tar.gz

This will give an output similar to this

gzip -l mytext.txt.tar.gz
         compressed        uncompressed  ratio uncompressed_name
               1475                4608  68.4% mytext.txt.tar

To have the compressed file size, the uncompressed size, and the compression ratio.


You need to use GTK3 to load a file created with Glade 3.x. As Glade 2.x isn't available in Ubuntu any more switching to GTK3 is your best option.

To use GTK3 in Python you need to switch from PyGTK to to PyGObject. See The Python GTK+ 3 Tutorial for how to use it.


Is there any prebuilt QEMU Ubuntu image(32bit) online?

A quick Google search revealed the following (I have not tried any of them):

stacklet.com
Ubuntu Cloud Images

Also, you can use vmbuilder(referred here as ubuntu-vmbuilder) to quickly create Ubuntu images to KVM, VirtualBox, etc.

As a last resort, you can use qemu-img command to convert disk images from VirtualBox/VMware to a format more suited to QEMU/KVM (this may not be needed: I think QEMU/KVM can work with other image types like vdi or vmdk).

$ qemu-img convert -f [vdi|vmdk|...] -O qcow2 OriginalImage NewImage

NOTE: If you are using a 32bit OS you cannot run 64bit virtual machines with KVM. But QEMU is an emulator, so it should let you run 64bit vm's on a 32bit operating system. But the performance overhead will probably be huge!


Short Answer

To scan from your second scanner:

simple-scan hpaio:/net/officejet_pro_6970?ip=192.168.8.20

Long Answer

From Debian's SaneOverNetwork:

  Scanning with a Network HP all-in-one (aio)-1

  To scan over the network from a scanner on an HP aio (one which is not
  connected by USB to a computer) you need only to install libsane-hpaio
  (without its recommended packages) and pass the URI of the scanner to
  the frontend. A non-free plugin might be required for the scanning
  function.

  The format of the URI is:

hpaio:/net/<aio_model_name>?ip=<IP_address_of_the_aio>

  This URI can be given directly to the frontend. It can also be
  provided automatically to the frontend if either a print queue with
  the hp:/... backend is set up or mDNS broadcasts for the scanner are
  done by the aio. Automatic discovery will happen via the print queue
  if both it and mDNS are available as discovery methods.

  The IP address could be known from the way the aio's networking was
  set up; or it could be got from the aio's front panel or deduced from
  the output of

/usr/bin/lpinfo -v

  Each printer model supported by the installed verion of libsane-hpaio
  is listed in /usr/share/hplip/data/models/models.dat. Model names are
  enclosed in square brackets; like so, [envy_4500_series].

  A frontend can be started with (for example):

simple-scan <URI>

  Typing the URI each time can be avoided by exploring what your DE
  (Desktop Environment) or WM (Window Manager) offers for customising a
  command. For typing from a terminal you might find a simple alias
  sufficient.

There are more options for setup as the link describes. The information on alias to save typing might be very helpful.


How do I configure Java security settings, etc?

The name of the control panel is different depending on whether you are using the Oracle JDK or OpenJDK.

Search for "control panel" in the dash. If you're using the Oracle JDK, you'll see the Oracle Java 7 Plugin Control Panel. If you're using OpenJDK, you'll see the Iced Tea Web Control Panel.


How to use a real partition with Windows 7 installed, in a virtualbox vm?

The command you want is

VBoxManage internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename Win7.vmdk -rawdisk /dev/sda -partitions 1

This will create a special VMDK virtual disk file (Win7.vmdk) which is actually a pointer to the host disk partition /dev/sda1.

In theory, you can then use this as the disk file for a VM to run directly from the actual disk partition, but...

(a) I've never tried this, so don't know how reliable it is
(b) you may get problems with Windows Activation depending on your license key and whether Windows decides that the detected 'hardware' has significantly changed


Thinkpad W540 internal input devices not detected in Ubuntu 15.04

The issue seems to have been caused by booting with either the acpi=off or noapic flags set. I reproduced the issue with a W541 using those boot options, and with them removed, the input devices work.


Snapshot and details bar missing in Virtual Box

Just solved my problem
All virtual box processes should be closed.

open ~/.config/VirtualBox/VirtualBox.xml using editor

locate
<ExtraDataItem name="GUI/Toolbar" value="false"/>

change it to
<ExtraDataItem name="GUI/Toolbar" value="true"/>

this topic helped me
https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=44283#p199315


*.gnucash (or the like) will work in any normal shell (zsh, bash, tcsh, ksh, sh etc.)

If this is not working, then either you're using some shell that is not behaving in an expected way (not sure if globbing like this is a posix standard or not. I'll look that up in a moment), or, more likely, there are extra characters (spaces, or otherwise nor printable characters) after the final extension. e.g. "PL.234234.gnucash " (note the space there) or some such.

try:

ls *.gnucash*

to see if you can list those files. If you can, then you have the answer (extra characters).

Otherwise, which shell are you trying this in? Is it in a shell, or some other application?


An fstab entry would look like this:

UUID=01234567-89ab-cdef-0123-456789abcdef  /  auto  errors=remount-ro  0 1

Replace the uuid value by the one for your system, which you can find out by running cat /proc/cmdline. Copy whatever is after root= into the first column of the fstab line, either UUID=01234567-89ab-cdef-0123-456789abcdef or /dev/sdz99.


This is tricky, and it took me a good long while to solve. As you found, it's not a simple matter of holding down the option key, as many will tell you.

After the installation (with the EFI partition) the way I found to get it working was using rEFInd as the boot loader, and fiddling with the boot record.

For more information, I asked, and answered, this question here: The answer contains a recipe to get it working: How to boot Ubuntu on a mac from external USB storage?


How to start a script when Déjà Dup starts or an SMB share was mounted?

You can check if the target share was mounted (see bellow) and then run your script.

if grep -qs '/mnt/target_smb_share' /proc/mounts; then
    run_your_script_here
fi


I've resolved this issue by pairing my mouse with another PC... after that my mouse paired again smoothly.


None of the existing ISO9660-based live operating systems provide a kernel update feature: the kernel and the initrd are the only components that a live operating system cannot update, because they lay outside of the data persistence partition (if any) and the system partition is, as said, ISO9660-formatted.

After some years of asking me why, I found the liveng whitepaper on Read the Docs.

  The full aim of the liveng project is to give the Community a set of
  best practices in order to turn a common Debian Linux live into a
  live(ng) operating system which features:

native encrypted persistence;
kernel update (on a live ISO 9660 filesystem!);
UEFI, with UEFI Secure Boot compatibility, with a real efi partition.


Is it possible to do a FULL install of ubuntu/any distro to a flash drive?

The normal Ubuntu install should work fine to a 4G stick (even though it claims to need more).

Set up your install media, a 1-2G USB or DVD, then boot it and insert your target 16G stick. Select the 16G stick as the install target and it should work.

I use ext2, no swap, and align the partitions to 4M (start at sector 8192).  I have heard people recommend ext4 without journaling but no experience with that.  I put /tmp and /var/log into ram for better performance (fstab entries), put noatime on the root file
system to avoid writes just for accessing files, and link a few other directories to /tmp, like /var/cache/apt/archives.  Don't know the error you encountered.  One caution, the grub.cfg will be created with wrong devices, so it won't boot until you fix them (bug filed long ago).  The wrong device used to be one too high (because when the USB install media is removed, all disks move up one place (CDROM avoid that issue).


Is it Possible to install evernote on Ubuntu using Fogger?

install Fogger and that will have a way around to turn evernote

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:loneowais/fogger
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install fogger

and its so easy. Just choose the option create a new fog app Then you will get prompt as

Type URL as : www.evernote.com

Name: your wish ( usually Evernote)

Then just type as Evernote in Unity dash and you will get it.

I have done some work around using fogger.

If I opened Evernote in Xubuntu with Fogger , it has taken almost 60 MB of RAM to run even it is Idle.
If I opened Gmail in Xubuntu with Fogger , It has taken almost 220 MB of RAM and I do not recommended such usage. So if any body would like to create Gmail Fogger , my suggestion is dont go for it.you can save plenty of RAM with browser.
Ask Ubuntu @Xubuntu with Fogger has taken 120 MB RAM.


How to get apt back after uninstalling it

Download the correct apt package for your Ubuntu version by searching for it here

Open Bash for Windows 10 and run the following command to show your Ubuntu release:

lsb_release -a

The current release of Bash for Windows 10 is 14.04 out of the box, but you can upgrade it. This is the release of apt that you need to download. Bash on Windows 10 only can be installed on a 64-bit version of Windows 10 Anniversary Update build 14393 or later, so you need to download the amd64 apt file.

Install apt using dpkg

sudo dpkg -i apt_1.0.1ubuntu2.13_amd64.deb

The above command is if lsb_release -a returned Ubuntu 14.04 and for amd64 architecture to match your Windows architecture.

Click amd64 to download apt


18.04 - gnome How to disable automatic screen brightness

If you are using a Dell Laptop (XPS 13), you can go to the BIOS (press Delete/F2) and disable automatic brightness in the options. This helped me!


Launchpad .net delays in building package

The Launchpad build farm is available as a service for free for open source projects to make binaries.

As with all pooled community resources sometimes depending on load this can lead to longer wait times. There's not much you can really do to really reduce the lag, the queues are processes on a first-come-first-served basis.


Empty Trash - Nautilus consumes 6.7gb of RAM Ubuntu 13.10 64 bit

You can delete the files in Trash from the command line also. Those files are stored in the ~/.local/share/Trash/ directory. The ~/.local/share/Trash/files/ directory contains the actual files, the ~/.local/share/Trash/info/ directory contains the metadata about the removed files. Just empty these 2 directories.


COMM1 & COMM2

launches COMM1 as a background process and immediately executes COMM2; whereas

COMM1 && COMM2

waits for COMM1 to finish, and then executes COMM2 if and only if COMM1 completed successfully.

Technically, && is a short-circuit logical operator which is evaluating the second statement only if it cannot determine the logical value of the combined expression otherwise: in other words, if the exit status of COMM1 is true, then COMM2 must be evaluated, but if the exit status of COMM1 is false, then there is no need to evaluate COMM2 since the expression as a whole cannot be true.


Network connection not visible in NetworkManager

Try connect your laptop by wire (using wired network port or USB-Ethernet adapter) and reinstall Ubuntu, allowing the installer to download components from the Internet.


so after asking a senior from my school we were able to fix the problem.

  Using linux one does not need MINGW or MYSYS.

sudo apt-get install build-essential

is what is needed and then from there if NetBeans doesn't figure where make is
just let it know that it's in usr/bin/make (there's a browse button next to 'Make Command' in the Build section).

DONE! :)


Copying and Renaming folders incrementally

In your command, the directories are first renamed to the value of var j which is 2, so you end up with only one copy named 2 (as each overwrites the previous one). After that process has completed, j is reassigned to j+1 (echo $j returns 3) - it doesn't increment.

To make 59 copies you can do this:

for i in {2..60}; do cp -r -- P1 P"$i"; done

{2..60} expands to 2 3 4 5 6 7 all the way to 60

For fixed width numbers (so 02 comes before 11 when sorting) use printf:

for i in {2..60}; do cp -r -- P1 P$(printf %02d "$i"); done

This gives P02 P03 P04... P10, P11

For incremental renaming you might do something like this, assuming the copies aren't numbered...

j=0; for dir in /path/to/stuff/*; do mv -v -- "$dir" "$dir""$((++j))"; done

Fixed width format:

j=0; for dir in /path/to/stuff/*; do printf -v new "$dir%02d" "$((++j))"; mv -v -- "$dir" "$new"; done

Maybe worth making that last one more readable...

j=0
for dir in /where/my/stuff/is/*
  do printf -v new "$dir%02d" "$((++j))"
  mv -v -- "$dir" "$new"
done


Unable to mount hard drive for file copy

The power supply for the USB attachment was faulty. Replacement just came in and now I'm able to access all my files. thanks for those who provided input!


Where is the Ubuntu hardware compatibility list for individual parts?

See here: http://www.ubuntu.com/certification/catalog/

You can find a list by components.