Ubuntu 20.04 Intel 3618ngw WiFi intermittent in Asrock DeskMini A300

In your paste, we see:
[ 1297.828975] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Queue 10 is active on fifo 1 and stuck for 10000 ms. SW [1, 38] HW [1, 38] FH TRB=0x0c010a010
[ 1297.829052] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Microcode SW error detected.  Restarting 0x2000000.
[ 1297.829188] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Start IWL Error Log Dump:
[ 1297.829193] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Status: 0x00000040, count: 6
[ 1297.829197] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Loaded firmware version: 29.1654887522.0 3168-29.ucode

And the errors just get worse from there.
Let's rename the relevent firmware file by backing it up, reboot and see if an earlier firmware version works properly. From the terminal:
cd /usr/lib/firmware
sudo mv iwlwifi-3168-29.ucode  iwlwifi-3168-29.bak

Reboot and let us see:
dmesg | grep iwl

As the result may be lengthy, please give us a paste link as above.
We also notice that there are two access points named VM4147169 and I wonder if your wifi is roaming and therefore dropping and reconnecting among the two.
One is the 2.4 gHz segment and the other is the 5 gHz segment of, I assume, the same router. I am quite confident that you have told Network Manager to connect automagically to VM4147169 when available and that your dropping is the wireless device hopping from one instance of VM4147169 to the other, always looking for a better connection, sort of like my ex-girlfriend!
I suggest that you rename one or both to prevent this. Perhaps VM4147169-2.4 and VM4147169-5.
If this is a router over which you haven't any administrative priveleges, then bind your wireless to the 5 gHz segment like this: Ubuntu connect drops. Worked for a while then started dropping again


I am installing Ubuntu 14.04.2 from a DVD and I can't choose where to install to?

It is completely normal for the partition manager to take a little time. You should not bother about that. Leave it for few minutes.

To check installation media for errors, run an integrity check on the installation media you are using. This can be done using the first screen that appears when booting from that media.


Need to manually set resolve.conf after successfull VPN install

On 19.10 I had also failing installs of DNS servers on an ipsec vpn.  It was solved by installing package resolvconf.
    sudo apt-get install resolvconf
    sudo dpkg-reconfigure resolvconf
In the last step use TAB to move between selections and SPACE to select (enter).  Configure to prepare for dynamic updates.


You can safely remove them, however I like to keep them around just in case I need to reinstall again.

What I do to cut down on the clutter is keep a separate directory called "src" for things like tarballs and source trees.


Unable to complete installation on Windows 10

You need to mark 1 of the partitions you want to install on as / and as ext4 before you can proceed.

Example:

The image I got from this tutorial.

Regarding the numbers:

First, create the root partition.
Ignore the values in the pictures, because the installation is done in VirtualBox, but follow the instructions.

Size: The best and most economical way to assign 10,000 to 20,000 MB. Less than 10 GB is perhaps not enough if you plan a lot of applications.
Select Primary type for new partition
Select beginning of this space
Select from the dropdawn menu Ext4 journaling file system
Select from the dropdawn menu or enter by hand: /

/ is the mount point for root partition, alpha and omega of the Linux system

Press OK after all that.


Nutch 1.5 and Solr 3.6.0 are compatible.

HowTo:

1) install jdk

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk

2) Download and unpack Solr

sudo mkdir ~/tmp/solr
cd ~/tmp/solr
wget http://mirror.lividpenguin.com/pub/apache/lucene/solr/3.6.0/apache-solr-3.6.0.tgz
tar -xzvf apache-solr-3.6.0.tgz
*default jetty in solr, try to run java -jar start.jar* shutdown Ctrl-C

check http://localhost:8983/solr

3) Download and unpack Nutch

sudo mkdir ~/tmp/nutch
cd ~/tmp/nutch
wget  http://mirror.rmg.io/apache/nutch/1.5/apache-nutch-1.5-bin.tar.gz
tar -xzvf apache-nutch-1.5-bin.tar.gz

4) configure Nutch

chmod +x bin/nutch
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386

add in conf/nutch-site.xml

<property>
 <name>http.agent.name</name>
 <value>My Nutch Spider</value>
</property>

exit

mkdir -p urls
cd urls
touch seed.txt
nano seed.txt

add urls for crawling, for example

http://nutch.apache.org/

in conf/regex-urlfilter.txt and replace

# accept anything else
+.

with a regular expression matching the domain you wish to crawl. For example, if you wished to limit the crawl to the nutch.apache.org domain, the line should read:

+^http://([a-z0-9]*\.)*nutch.apache.org/

5) configure Solr

 ~/tmp/solr/apache-solr-3.6.0/example/solr/conf
schema.xml add the following

<fieldType name="text" class="solr.TextField"
            positionIncrementGap="100">
            <analyzer>
                <tokenizer class="solr.WhitespaceTokenizerFactory"/>
                <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory"
                    ignoreCase="true" words="stopwords.txt"/>
                <filter class="solr.WordDelimiterFilterFactory"
                    generateWordParts="1" generateNumberParts="1"
                    catenateWords="1" catenateNumbers="1" catenateAll="0"
                    splitOnCaseChange="1"/>
                <filter class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory"/>
                <filter class="solr.EnglishPorterFilterFactory"
                    protected="protwords.txt"/>
                <filter class="solr.RemoveDuplicatesTokenFilterFactory"/>
            </analyzer>
        </fieldType>

<field name="digest" type="text" stored="true" indexed="true"/>
<field name="boost" type="text" stored="true" indexed="true"/>
<field name="segment" type="text" stored="true" indexed="true"/>
<field name="host" type="text" stored="true" indexed="true"/>
<field name="site" type="text" stored="true" indexed="true"/>
<field name="content" type="text" stored="true" indexed="true"/>
<field name="tstamp" type="text" stored="true" indexed="false"/>
<field name="url" type="string" stored="true" indexed="true"/>
<field name="anchor" type="text" stored="true" indexed="false" multiValued="true"/>

change <uniqueKey>id</uniqueKey> to
<uniqueKey>url</uniqueKey>

in solrconfig.xml add
<requestHandler name="/nutch" class="solr.SearchHandler" >
    <lst name="defaults">
       <str name="defType">dismax</str>
       <str name="echoParams">explicit</str>
       <float name="tie">0.01</float>
       <str name="qf">
         content^0.5 anchor^1.0 title^1.2
       </str>
       <str name="pf">
         content^0.5 anchor^1.5 title^1.2 site^1.5
       </str>
       <str name="fl">
       url
       </str>
       <int name="ps">100</int>
       <bool name="hl">true</bool>
       <str name="q.alt">*:*</str>
<str name="hl.fl">title url content</str>
<str name="f.title.hl.fragsize">0</str>
<str name="f.title.hl.alternateField">title</str>
<str name="f.url.hl.fragsize">0</str>
<str name="f.url.hl.alternateField">url</str>
<str name="f.content.hl.fragmenter">regex</str>
</lst>
</requestHandler>

6) run Nutch crawler and index in Solr (make sure Solr has started)

bin/nutch crawl urls -solr http://localhost:8983/solr/ -depth 3 -topN 5

check indexed files @ http://localhost:8983/solr

Source


Failed to execute child process "net" when entering Nautilus

Error says, net command not found, so I tried net command. Ubuntu suggested me to install samba-common-bin

  Command 'net' not found, but can be installed with:

  apt install samba-common-bin

So, I've installed that package.

sudo apt-get install samba-common-bin

That error gone, but in my case new error was thrown.

  Called "net usershare info" but it failed: 'net usershare' returned
  error 255: net usershare: cannot open usershare directory
  /var/lib/samba/usershares. Error No such file or directory

And then I've created directory

mkdir /var/lib/samba/usershares

Finally, I have no error.


You need to allow the overwrite.
<Directory "/path/to/document/root/">
  AllowOverride All

</Directory>


You could try installing the newest amarok version from their ppa:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install amarok

If you're lucky it will work and on top of that you have the new Amarok 2.7 which I think has some nice new features :-) You might have to do a sudo apt-get upgrade before trying to install Amarok.

If it doesn't work you can easily remove the ppa again:

sudo apt-add-repository --remove ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports
sudo apt-get update


Ubuntu server 10.04 wired network connected but cannot access internet

According to this image

you disabled automatic network configuration via DHCP (note that the method is “Manual”) and didn't configure a working gateway to the internet manually.
You should fix either of those issues. I recommend re-enabling DHCP by selecting it in the “Method“ combo box of the network configuration dialogue window.


Problem in installing Python 3.3 in Ubuntu 12.04

You've destroyed the libpython3.3-minimal package in that removal. Reinstall it, than try installing python3.3 again. If you have other packages installed that depend on libpython3.3-minimal, they may need to be reinstalled too.

Note: For next time, manually installed software should go in /usr/local or /opt, never to /usr directly. That avoids conflict between manually installed files and packages, because all packages are installed to /usr.


What am I doing wrong with racoon on ubuntu precise?

Racoon missd the pf key file. Specify this in you'rconfiguration file and racoon should work again.  If it still doesn't work post your config file to pastebin.cim and share the link here.


Running Shutdown Script in Ubuntu Server 18.04 Through Crontab

No, because @reboot is

  Run once, at startup.

but running a script at shutdown that way makes no sense because your system is going down and the system would 'kill' your script.

When you shutdown your system, it will first send the SIGTERM and wait some time before killing any program, so you can react to that. Here is how.


Basically the issue is not related with SELinux.
It is due two displays had enabled ie two monitors

Go to System settings then go to displays

Click on any of displays image  then toggle the on off button

choose keep changes on confirmation window

Issue will be solved

The same issue can be shown for applications like eclipse chrome etc...


Double actions in Libreoffice when Control pressed

I've solved the issue by wondering what was it that I had installed recently that could run in the background and possibly cause this issue.
It turns out that it was Warsaw, a program required by Brazilian banks to grant access to accounts in desktop computers.
I uninstalled it and the problem's gone so far. However, I reckon this is only a partial answer, because it is not enough for people who would like to keep Warsaw installed in their machines. It would be better if someone understood by what mechanism Warsaw is interacting with Libreoffice of all things and causing the issue - hopefully someone will, cause I can't atm.


Error Connecting to a Win Serv 19 CIFS Share

From this thread.

In 2017 Microsoft patched Windows Servers and advised to disable the SMB1 protocol.

From now on, mount.cifs might have problems with the protocol negotiation.

There are 14 responses for you to choose from.


Double click on titlebar to maximize / restore windows?

You may use (GNOME) Tweaks to achieve your goal.

Launch Tweaks and go to the Windows section. Select "Toggle Maximize" for "Double-Click" under Titlebar Actions.

Or simply open Terminal and run

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences action-double-click-titlebar 'toggle-maximize'


Unable to install "GNU Image Manipulation program"

It may be an issue with the snap store, and cannot be addressed unless you provide more logs/screenshot.
Install GIMP from the terminal instead.
sudo apt install gimp


much more later :D
I installed ubuntu 14.04 : Perfect ! Not a single problem !


You may start with this guide, but as your PC was unable to even recognize it I'm not too sure about the potential outcome. Does Ubuntu recognize the drive?
Help.Ubuntu.com: DataRecovery.

This guide uses an Ubuntu live CD.
How-To Geek: Recover Data Like a Forensics Expert Using an Ubuntu Live CD.

This might also help though it is quite old. Recover Data from a Damaged hard disk using dd_rhelp

But once again, as you were not even able to connect the drive to your PC, I would not be too positive about the whole thing. Probably it is more of a hardware failure than some software/data corruption problem.


Problem with USB: "Read-only file system"

Problem solved: I took all the corrective actions suggested by the terminal after running the following list of commands:

sudo su
df -Th
dosfsck /dev/sda1

It's rather a curious thing, though. When I try to re-plug the USB stick — even though I'm still able to modify content on the drive — when I run dosfsck /dev/sda1 again, it still gives some errors and even suggests deleting whole folders:

root@XXXXs:/home/XXXXs# dosfsck /dev/sda1
fsck.fat 3.0.28 (2015-05-16)
0x41: Dirty bit is set. Fs was not properly unmounted and some data
may be corrupt.
1) Remove dirty bit
2) No action
? 1
Orphaned long file name part "Example I"
1: Delete.
2: Leave it.
? 2
Orphaned long file name part "Example II"
1: Delete.
2: Leave it.
? 2
/Desktop (Linux)/Personal/Example III
 Start does point to root directory. Deleting dir.
Orphaned long file name part "Example IV"
1: Delete.
2: Leave it.
? 2
Perform changes ? (y/n) y
/dev/sda1: 1011 files, 149304/1962494 clusters

Fortunately, I can just say "no" to the proposals. :-)


unable to configure nor able to uninstall virtual box

Try this solution:

1) $sudo apt-get remove virtualbox-dkms

2) $sudo apt-get install virtualbox-dkms

3) $sudo modprobe vboxdrv

4) $sudo modprobe vboxnetflt

Let me know if it works for you please!


It looks like you are experiencing bug #661495.

The fix is in the first comment:

Do this: rm -Rf ~/.local/share/docky/plugins

Then start Docky.


files saved in NTFS partition are not accessible

There is a "bug" with the new implementation of NFS on Windows. I do not know a solution, but will watch for one. You will need to look for a work around - either a FAT or EXT4 data partition (with the fs driver installed on windows). Similar bug repost - https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ntfs-3g/+bug/675290


Lubuntu 18.04.3 Wi-Fi not working, tried different things

Find the download for this : rtlwifi_new-rock.new_btcoex

Then do the usual stuff about "sel 1 or sel 2 modprobe" fixes (most advise this) - important to rem to reboot between each trial - one or other will work. Then the common advice to make it permanent on boot.

Then pin your kernel - so it stays as it is - pain to have to keep doing all this!!

sudo apt-mark hold linux-image-4.4.0-157-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-157-generic


Upon running Additional Drivers, if you have broadcom STA driver activated, try removing it.  Restart and see if your wireless works.


Prevent power button to suspend the PC on 18.04

The gsettings solution to edit a dconf key was the right one, but it has to be done as gdm user (Since it's that user that take care of what to do when no user is logged in).

sudo su -s /bin/bash gdm
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power power-button-action 'interactive'


From the terminal: sudo apt-get remove unity* and then sudo apt-get autoremove so nothing stays, then proceed to Install KDE sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop.


How can I get gcc to write a file larger than 2.0 GB?

A simple #define seems to be all that is needed.. (the program writes past 2 GB now.)

Perhaps the reason it didn't compile apppropriately, is that I compiled a single program from a much larger suite ('xxd' is part of 'vim')...

Had I compiled 'vim' in toto, it would most likely have worked fine...

So for anyone who comes to this page, the following may be of some value:
I assume similar settings would apply to other IDEs.

Adding #defines

* Using CodeBocks (as a global setting)
  =====================================
  Settings
    Compiler and Debugger...
      [Compiler Settings]
        [#defines] ... Add the following
         _FILE_OFFSET_BITS="64"

* Using CodeBlocks (for a given Project)
  ======================================
  Properties
    Build Options
      [Compiler Settings]
        [#defines] ... Add the following
         _FILE_OFFSET_BITS="64"

* Directly into gcc's command line
  ================================
  gcc -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS="64"

* Add a #define directly to the source
  ====================================
  #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS  64

Also, I discovered this snippet while googling for the solution...
What macros are predefined by gcc? ... in the terminal:

touch foo.h; cpp -dM foo.h


Suspend on power button when session is locked

Maybe not the cleanest solution, but works for me. To resolve the issue I added following at the beginning of file /etc/acpi/powerbtn.sh:

/usr/sbin/pm-suspend
exit 0


Try using the following command,

startx

then press Enter


Sample Application built with Quickly can't access Web

I don't find any errors in the code you have written so i guess the problem lies in the way you have configured your proxy settings for your computer. Go to Network Settings --> Proxy
change the settings to None and try again.


Unity / gnome-terminal passing control keys

Doh! There's a .screenrc on this system that is overriding command-line arguments. Problem solved.


airplane mode is switching on off continuously (18.04)

$ sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/hp-keycodes.service

Paste the following lines or type them into the file:

[Unit]
Description=HP setkeycodes fix

[Service]
Type=oneshot
Restart=no
RemainAfterExit=no
ExecStart=/usr/bin/setkeycodes e057 240 e058 240

[Install]
WantedBy=rescue.target
WantedBy=multi-user.target
WantedBy=graphical.target

Save and confirm the filename with ctrl-x, y.

$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl enable hp-keycodes.service
$ sudo reboot

Details can be found here link


Where can I find ibus "Keyboard Input Methods"?

Okay guys I found the solution:

Running ibus-setup from the terminal brings up the preferences window that I have been missing. :)


It's normal. You can disable the suspend on close in gnome power manager (or xfce power manager). See this.

I haven't seen an option to disable the power-on on lid open function, however apparently it can be done by editing the /proc/acpi/wakeup file and setting the LID to *disabled as seen here.


Resized Ubuntu Partition on Windows, can't get past grub rescue

I've run into the blank screen issue a few times with live usb disks and you can get through by pressing Enter after a bit of time. You will then see the usb key light starting to shine and your computer will boot. If Enter does not work, just press other keys until you see that the key comes alive.


I used curl -LO and it worked fine. wget works too.


Every time making a live Ubuntu USB makes the USB not usable anymore

You can wipe the first mibibyte with zeros and after that create a new partition table with the partitions you want.

This can be done in two steps with mkusb and after that gparted, or if you wish to have a standard USB pendrive with an MSDOS partition table and a partition with the FAT32 file system in one single step with mkusb.

See these links,

help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/FromUSBStick#Postrequisites_-_restore_the_USB_stick

help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb

help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb/wipe


No maximise/minimise/close buttons on a new window

I have had some issues with Compiz and older libs from application causing this issue, I would open terminal and type metacity - -replace & to get my borders back


How do I restore the default quicklists?

You probably have a custom launcher overriding the default one.

It would be ~/.local/share/applications/nautilus. If you remove this file, the quicklist will be regenerated automatically. You may have to log out and then log back in again to get it to work correctly.


Can't find mediatomb or minidlna to install on ubuntu-server

Both minidlna, and mediatomb are available for all Ubuntu versions from the Universe repository.

To install them issue the following commands:

sudo apt-get update  # to update the cache
sudo apt-get install minidlna # for minidlna
sudo apt-get install mediatomb # for mediatomb

After installation these applications will have to be configured to meet our personal setup before we can use them.

Also see

Manpage for apt-get


It looks like you need to tell Wordpress where to find its own directory. Check under Settings > General for "WordPress Address" and "Site Address".

Make sure the WordPress Address matches the domain name you are using to represent your www folder; localhost in this case, or your domain name if you put your server online.

Th other possibility is that you haven't given WordPress execute permissions on your /var/www folder. Check the owner of www, and make sure you allow WordPress to create files and folders.


well, I've met this bug - and usually I do one of the following
 - I wait ~3 minutes, then keyboard becomes active, but is important to not touch any key

or

activate screen keyboard, top right corner - accesibility and write your password, then press enter - all using screen keyboard + mouse and after login keyboard will work :)

some of my friends also told me that keyboard is not working if a usb camera is connected to pc


How do I add a background in AisleRiot Solitaire?

At the moment, I think the built-in method to do this is broken.

You should be able to install themes by going to the "View" menu, selecting "Card Style," then selecting "Install card themes..." .

See this bug for gnome-games on Launchpad.

Please add yourself to the bug if you believe you are affected.


Sort order of output when using sed and iterating in folder

Had to resort to a script, still one line:
for f in file*.txt; do sed -n 'PAT1/,/PAT2/{/PAT1!{/PAT2};}' $f >> outputfile; done


The best thing to do is to report a bug on launchpad, for the Unity package. Before creating a new bug, make sure that a similar bug hasn't been reported yet. A more detailed description of how to correctly report a bug can be found on the Ubuntu wiki


unmet dependencies, I can't install ubuntu-sdk

I have the very same issue trying to install ubuntu-sdk on a new VM today
The VM is running Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 64bit
Here how I solved the issue:

downloaded the packages:

qtdeclarative5-ubuntu-ui-extras-browser-plugin
qtdeclarative5-ubuntu-ui-extras-browser-plugin-assets

installed manually the packages dependencies:

sudo apt-get install libqt5core5
sudo apt-get install libqt5gui5
sudo apt-get install libqt5qml5
sudo apt-get install libqt5quick5 libqt5sql5 libqt5webkit5 libqt5sql5-sqlite
sudo apt-get install libqt5webkit5-qmlwebkitplugin qtdeclarative5-qtquick2-plugin
sudo dpkg -i qtdeclarative5-ubuntu-ui-extras-browser-plugin-assets_0.22+13.10.20131011.1-0ubuntu1_all.deb
sudo apt-get install qtdeclarative5-ubuntu-ui-toolkit-plugin
sudo apt-get install qtdeclarative5-unity-action-plugin
sudo apt-get install qtdeclarative5-window-plugin
sudo dpkg -i qtdeclarative5-ubuntu-ui-extras-browser-plugin_0.22+13.10.20131011.1-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb

Finally run the command to install the skd:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-sdk

That worked fine for me :)


File in /etc/apt/sources.list.d does not show in apt policy, can I delete it?

If it does not show in apt policy, you may remove it.
/etc/apt/sources.list.d should only contain files, not directories. If there are directories, you may remove them with no harm as they are ignored by apt.
Filenames in /etc/apt/sources.list.d must end in .list or .sources, contain only letters, digit, -, _ and .. See sources.list man page for the details.
Any file with an invalid name can be safely removed since apt ignores that file.
You have to decide to remove or keep a file based on its content, not its name; provided the name is a valid name, of course.
If a source list has references to a disco, eon or other version repository, the source will be used.
Under normal circumstances, if the source is a reference to an old ubuntu repository, apt will not download software from this source since it will find newer versions in focal repo. So it is usually harmless to remove those files.
Some vendors may package their product for only one ubuntu version, but the software is known to work with all ubuntu versions. In this case, you should not remove the file.


bionic (18.04LTS): PHP 7.3, Package availability

You can use https://packages.ubuntu.com/

There is search engine. If you use it, you'll find out that php 7.2 is currently in bionic repositories.

https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=php&searchon=names

https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic-updates/php7.2

php 7.3 will be provided officially in Ubuntu 19.10 eoan.


How to connect to another computer(windows installed) with SSH?

Will I be able to make changes even when the computer is off? > There is no chance. To have ssh access to windows 7, you could install freeSSHd.


The error points to it not being mounted .. maybe its not mounted at that point. Try running gparted and switch to the usb then look at Mount Point and check where and if its mounted

Or you can type in terminal:

mount | grep ^'/dev/sdb1'

it should return

/dev/sdb1 on /media/michal/MUZA type .....

if it is mounted .. or a different path if it is mounted somewhere else

Just verified .. had a USB  with the label CD_ROM and it mounted as /media/username/CD_ROM .. I removed the label and now it mounts with UUID.

If you want it to be mounted at /media/michal/MUZA you will need to change/add the MUZA label to the drive.

I was able to label it in Ubuntu using gparted .. I just went to the USB drive then .. if its mounted I right clicked and unmounted it then I right clicked again and chose Label File System .. Put in the name (name cant have any spaces in it... if you want spaces you need to use an underscore or dash) After I had the name I clicked on the green check mark to apply the settings . Once I did that for some reason I couldn't mount it but then I put it in my Windows machine .. it seemed fine and when I plugged it back in to Ubuntu it mounted as my Label and worked

If you run into a situation where you did get it to label but now instead of the label MUZA it is mounting it as MUZA2 then remove the USB and check the /media/michal folder and see if there is a left over MUZA folder in there. If so you will have to run a terminal and type

sudo rm -r -f /media/michal/MUZA

That should remove the folder and the next time you plug in your USB it should mount as the label without the 2 at the end.


How to fix the "Unable to calculate upgrade" issue when upgrading from 12.04 to 12.10?

As stated here , removing PPA sources does not work every time.

You need to uninstall offending packages.
you can find them with:

grep Broken /var/log/dist-upgrade/apt.log

Mine was an xorg package. I removed it with the command:

sudo apt-get remove xserver-xorg-video-all

and then the upgrade could continue.


Can't Select Continue to install Ubuntu alongside Windows

In case anybody else has the same issue, the problem was that my hard disk had two real partitions in it.  I thought that since the second one was completely unused, Linux would know that it could use that.  Instead, the second half of the drive needed to be labelled as unused, completely free space.

I booted a live disc, then chose Try Ubuntu.
I launched GParted (by typing "gparted" in the search box in top left).
In GParted, the top right of the window has a drop down box that lets you select your hard disk.  Be sure you pick the right one so you don't accidentally delete data you want.  In my case, I switched to /dev/sdb, my second hard drive, and saw that it had "essentially" two partitions (there might have been more for some other OS functions, I can't remember).
I selected the second partition(s), which were completely unused, and then told GParted to delete them.
I then told GParted to apply my changes by clicking the green check mark.

After that, I was able to install Ubuntu.  When I got to the screen to choose how to install it, I chose Install Ubuntu alongside Windows and Continue was no longer grayed out.

I went on to have other issues that I am still trying to figure out, but I won't discuss them here.


Can I create a setup file out of already installed files?

To obtain a list of installed packages we may use the inbuilt command line Debian package manager dpkg [manpage for the dpkg command] with the option --get-selections. Below command will generate a file packages.list of all installed packages (including the default packages) in the directory you opened the terminal in:

dpkg --get-selections > packages.list

For a more elaborate answer on how to further use this list for backup purposes see

How to backup settings and list of installed packages

We may also use the sync function from the Ubuntu Software Center to syncronize installed applications between computers:

How to use the sync between computers in Software Center


Unfortunately, hibernation is not supported for Wubi systems (see this page).

If you want to be able to hibernate your Ubuntu system, you'll have to do a standard installation (alongside, instead of inside, your Windows system) by booting from an Ubuntu CD/DVD or USB flash drive and running the installer.

bcbc has explained this further:

  You can't hibernate a Wubi install unless you also have a swap
  partition. You're using a swap file so increasing the size won't help.
  There is a way to hibernate with a swap file, but I've never seen
  anyone get it to work on Wubi.


cannot get back to windows after getting my windows7 to work

GRUB is the program that loads Ubuntu (or a menu letting you select which OS to load). To install it, look at the answer to this question:

Installing Grub

There are things can go wrong with that answer, so feel free to comment on this answer and I will try to work with you. First thing to post would be the output of the command fdisk -l and the command ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid (which you type at a command line shell -- press CTRL+SHIFT+T). You can edit your question with this information and use four spaces to indent shell output

like this

Welcome to Ubuntu, I hope you like it here.


Stuck in a login loop Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS

It looks like a TERM signal is ending the process that is required to login to your account. I'm not sure how to fix it, but I did a little searching around and found this question, I think it may be able to solve your problem.


Is there a way to change the formatting of a single word in GIMP?

This is possible using Gimp 2.8.4.

A word inside a text box can be selected and by clicking on the bold icon and the colour selector on the toolbar above the textbox, the required attributes can be set.


How can I import multiple .sql files into MySQL?

This is the best one-line I know:

for SQL in *.sql; do DB=${SQL/\.sql/}; mysql $DB < $SQL; done

or with password:

for SQL in *.sql; do DB=${SQL/\.sql/}; mysql -u user --password=11111 $DB < $SQL; done"

Warning: the password is plain text so visible when using 'ps'.


The answer lies in looking at the list of files installed by the libusb-1.0-1-dev package at pakages.ubuntu.com. The source code should read like this:

#include <libusb-1.0/libusb.h>

Also the -L switch must be used with the compiler so the libraries can be located at the location installed.


Dell T3500 Precision Workstation will not boot after an update from 10.04 to 10.10

It sounds like a driver needed for your root filesystem is missing. I would open a bug against the kernel (ubuntu-bug linux) and then try to narrow down what driver is in used with the old kernel that is missing for the new kernel. (Compare /proc/modules between the good kernel and the bad kernel -- you should be able to get the contents from the busybox prompt.)


How to install pip for python 3 in ubuntu 12.04 LTS

2018 Update: This is still attracting upvotes which worries me.

12.04 has been unsupported for about a year now. The best way you can install pip3 is by upgrading to a newer, supported version of Ubuntu. You have 3 LTS versions to pick from.

While on more modern versions of Ubuntu you could just sudo apt-get install python3-pip (and then use pip3), a Python 3 copy of pip was never packaged for 12.04.

Therefore you need to follow the more old fashioned install route with easy_install:

sudo apt-get install python3-setuptools
sudo easy_install3 pip

Now, there is every chance that this will clash with Python 2's pip and override /usr/bin/pip, because it will install a python3 based /usr/local/bin/pip which is also in Ubuntu 12.04's $PATH.

It shouldn't overwrite it so as long as you know that, it might be acceptable. However it might be best to start investigating the happy world of virtualenv as this answer suggests.

Alternatively you could rename the easy-installed python3 version of pip:

sudo mv /usr/local/bin/pip /usr/local/bin/pip-3

Then you can confirm your existing pip is still python2.7 based:

pip --version


I suggest you read: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/mysqldump.html

You can dump different databases with: mysqldump [options] --databases DB1 [DB2 DB3...]

You just have to add a cronjob for each database:

37 4 * * * root /usr/bin/mysqldump -u root -p<mysql-password> --databases database1 > /usr/backup/mysqlbkup/databases1.sql
38 4 * * * root /usr/bin/mysqldump -u root -p<mysql-password> --databases database2  database3 > /usr/backup/mysqlbkup/databases2_3.sql

Ofcourse you could make one bash script for all different databases and run that script from the crontab. Also i would gzip it up.

Goodluck


How to change shortcut for Activities overview?

It's actually pretty easy. Pressing alt + f1 should also probably show you the Activities overview, but if you want it to be Super + Tab, then simply open the settings application, and then select the "devices" tab, and under that select "keyboard". You should see a list of your keyboard shortcuts.

Note: The screenshot below is from Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, but it should be the same in Ubuntu 17.10 as well, as long you're using the GNOME Desktop.

Now, you can either search for "activities", or you'll find it under the heading "System":

You should be able to change it right here. Note that the shortcut for "Switch Applications" under "Navigation" would probably already be Super + Tab. So, if this is the case, and you change the shortcut for "Show the Activities overview" to Super + Tab without changing the shortcut for "Switch Applications", then that will get disabled - so if you want that as well, then choose a different shortcut for that!

Also remember that there is an extension available at https://extensions.gnome.org/ for almost anything you could want to do - so, if you can't find any particular setting in the settings or gnome tweak tool applications, you can just look at this site.


How to preserve/export my current Ubuntu installation after changing to a new SSD & installing Windows7?

Are you able to physically connect both hard drives in the same machine? If so, great, the steps are easy. I'll outline each one, and you may ask for details for each if you are unsure about them.

1 - Connect the new drive, disconnect the old one. Install Windows from DVD as you would in a clean, fresh machine.

2 - Once Windows is installed and working fine, power off and connect the old hard drive.

3 - Boot using Ubuntu Live CD

4 - Start gparted, shrink the Windows partition to make room for Ubuntu. I suggest shrinking to the minimum size plus approx 15/20GB. Create an extended partition to take up the all the remaining space

5 - Copy the Ubuntu partition from the old to the new drive, inside the extended partition. Copy the swap partition too, if you have one. Yes, gparted can copy and paste partitions from one drive to the other ;)

6 - You may resize the Ubuntu partition a few gigs, but I suggest leaving room for a brand new NTFS "data" partition, which in the future can be used by both systems to store your music, videos, documents, downloads, etc.

6.5 - Also, if you don't have a swap partition yet, create or leave room for one. Size should be at least equal to your RAM, to enable hibernation.

7 - You now should have these partitions: 2 primary ones created by Windows (a 100MB one and the shrank one, ~30GB), an extended partition taking the rest of the disk, the Ubuntu logical partition inside it (~30GB too), the swap, and a lot of free space (or your newly-created NTFS "data" partition). Label those partitions accordingly, so it's easy to tell them apart.

8 - Power off, disconnect the old hard drive, boot  again using the Ubuntu Live CD

9 - Follow these instructions to reinstall grub and make Ubuntu boot again

10 - Done! :-)

A few remarks, taken from comments so they don't look like a chat window:

If instead of keeping the same install you want to change from 32 to 64 bits, within the same Ubuntu release, you may simply install the 64 Ubuntu on top of the 32 (just select the same partition), and the install will keep your /home, settings and packages. And you don't even need to backup: you already have your old drive as one ;)

If upgrading version, I would consider formatting the partition and forget about restoring settings and apps. Because settings from an older app may not apply to a newer version of the same app. Even software selection is fuzzy: some packages are deprecated / renamed / not necessary in newer releases, so not worth the trouble. Just open Software Center and manually install the apps you want.

In this case, it really pays off to keep your "OS-independent" data files (Music, Videos, Documents, etc) in a separate partition, so "your stuff" is always available regardless of Windows or Ubuntu version installed.


How to run a program automatically in Ubuntu?

Install Wine by

  sudo apt-get install wine

Then follow these steps,

Save Your file with .sh extension & then run from terminal like this

  sh filename.sh


Do I need to install Network Manager for Ubuntu Desktop 12.04 64 LiveUSB

Yes, you understood how to properly setup packages, but you also need the dependencies of the packages.

In this page you can find packages .deb and dependencies of packages: http://packages.ubuntu.com/

Download them and install.


How to divide LibreOffice Writer page into 3

The ruler option is located under the View tab as Ruler:

As for dividing the page up into 3 parts, you might want to use this LibreOffice template.


Symlink to an existing symlink creates another symlink in the current directory

I did some more googling and it points to me to use -n parameter as in this blog post.

Relevant manpage entry:

-n, --no-dereference
      treat LINK_NAME as a normal file if it is a symbolic link to a directory

Relevant answers from other communities with better explanations :

https://superuser.com/a/1061057/373342
https://superuser.com/a/645847/373342


This worked for me when the resolution of my Ubuntu 18.10 VM wasn't updating automatically:

sudo systemctl restart open-vm-tools

I'm using open-vm-tools/open-vm-tools-desktop 2:10.3.0-0ubuntu3.


Why yarn key update failes all the time? GPG error: https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian stable InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified

I had same problem, I just run this command:
curl -sS https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian/pubkey.gpg | sudo apt-key add -

I got it from here: https://www.ubuntuupdates.org/ppa/yarn


Can I recover data from my overwritten hard drive and save it on the same hard drive?

First, DO NOT USE THE DRIVE FOR ANYTHING! at least until you decide what you want to do. Booting from it could allow the OS to start overwriting what may be left of your files. Other actions could cause problems too. It is probably best to leave it powered off (especially if it's a HDD) and disconnected from the system so that no disk clean up tool runs on it by mistake.

Byte Commander is mostly right. If you installed your OS on top of where you had your important data recovery is probably not possible, at least not on your own.

You might be able to get it back if you are willing to fork out a bunch of money for it. There are some recovery companies out there that use special equipment to try to read what was on the drive before it got overwritten. Look for a data recovery service that has the ability to do more than just run a software recovery (for example drive saver).  If you want to try this DO NOT USE THE DRIVE FOR ANYTHING! Any writes that happen to the drive at this point will reduce the chances of getting the data back. There is also no guarantee you will get the data.

If the data is not worth spending money on you can try something like testdisk (as you suggested) or easeus or other recovery programs. I have not used either one myself and it's been a long time since I had to do a data recovery so do your research before you pick one.

If you have another disk to write the recovered files to that is also the safer option.

Please note I do not have a lot of experience in data recovery. so I'd be happy for someone else to answer but I know enough that I wanted to help where I can to avoid you doing something that could make it harder to get the data back.


Dependency Problem with LightWorks. Package libssl1.0.0 is not available

Although not recommended, I have in the past modified a deb to remove or adjust a dependency and then chance my luck that it will work o.k. with the newer version of the dependent package:

Make a temp dir:
mkdir debtemp

Unpack the deb to that dir:
dpkg-deb -R debfile.deb debtemp

Edit the control file and change or just remove the dependency:
vi debtemp/DEBIAN/control

Repackage:
dpkg-deb -b debtemp fixed.deb

And try installing the new deb:
sudo dpkg -i fixed.deb


What's the right place to set the XAUTHORITY environment variable?

It seems as if LightDM was interfering with the XAUTHORITY environment variable by setting its own value.

While I didn't manage to find a way to prevent this, I was able to achieve my goal by adding

[LightDM]
user-authority-in-system-dir=true

to /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.

After this, the environment variable has changed its value

$ echo $XAUTHORITY
/var/run/lightdm/user/xauthority

which solves the original problem of getting rid of $HOME/.Xauthority.


Canonical has never supported CCSM (officially) - the package is in Universe. And since Unity is not the only software which depends on Compiz (MATE uses it as well, see apt-cache rdepends compiz-core), it's likely that the compiz packages will all get shunted off to Universe and stay there, maintained by volunteers, just like, say, the XFCE packages.


my HP Pavilion g6-1381ea core temperture is 70 at average

For a big server in an air-conditioned data-centre, anything above 60°C (140°F) is something to look at and above 70°C (158°F) something to worry about.

For a laptop, it depends on its use and environment:

If it gets too warm to comfortably keep it on your lap, buy an external passive cooler.
If it's on a desk, just put a 2-3cm (1") thick book underneath the back side.
If you're a heavy user (video rendering/conversion, boinc, ...) try to do the heavy stuff at night, turning the laptop on its side (not upside down) so it can use radiation and convection to get rid of excess heat.
If you use the laptop primarily for gaming, you'll tax the GPU and CPU at the same time and an external active cooler is a must for most laptops.

For all scenario's: vacuum all the vents regularly and you won't have any problems. I do this every month, but I smoke around my laptop.  Non-smokers, non-pet owners and other mysophobes could probably get away with doing this every 3-6 months or so.

If the machine starts shutting down automatically, you've got a serious problem: Download the service manual for your laptop, open it up, remove all dust from the inside, lightly vacuum it (put your vacuum cleaner on its nearly lowest setting) and then you're good for an additional 1-3 months before you have to vacuum it externally.


How to fix "chown: invalid group:" if the user does not exist on the running system?

Use the numerical UID/GID instead of the user/group name.

You can find the UID/GID on the system the disk belongs to by using

  id some_username

or

ls -ln some_file

where some_file is a file that belongs to user you are looking for


How to run a command asking password in background?

Try typing sudo -i first end then apt-get update & or just running the command:

sudo -i && apt-get update &

Something else you could try is the command:

gksudo && sudo apt-get update &

But I'm not sure if that'll work.

Or you could try adding your user to the list of users that aren't required to enter a password when using sudo.

To do this add type
sudo visudo into the terminal. Then add the line

%super_sudoers ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

Or whatever you want to call the group (you can change "super_sudoers") and then add your user to that group by typing

usermod -a -G super_sudoers yourusername (obviously replacing yourusername with your username)

and reboot (or maybe log out/log in works, not sure) to find you can type suo commands without needing to enter a password. This, of course, means other people can so ensure you always leave your computer locked and don't have automatic login enabled.


How to reinstall grub by ubuntu 14.04 live CD?

This should let you install GRUB onto your computer.

Boot from the LiveCD and select the "Try Ubuntu" option.
Once booted, open a terminal, either by searching for it or pressing Ctrl + Alt + T.
From the terminal, run

sudo grub-install /dev/sdX

Note: X is the letter assigned to your hard drive. To find this, follow the steps below.

Search for Gparted in the Live Environment, open it and let it scan.
Once it's finished scanning, look at the top right corner of the Gparted window.
There should be a drive name here, most likely /dev/sda. It might be sdb or sdc, though.
Whatever the letter happens to be, use that in place of X in the command above.

If you have any questions, just ask.


Gedit launches with Save & Save As disabled unless launched as root

You can use a function instead. A function that check the write permission. If write permission is granted don't use gksu.

function gedit(){ [ -w "$1" ] && gedit "$1" || gksu gedit "$1"; }

You can add that in your .bashrc instead of the alias.


Change environment variables in debian/rules according to debian/control targets

The regular debian/rules file runs only 1 cycle.

Your case seems to require additional cycles (seems 3), here the official tutorial with example for 2 build cycles.
Debian Wiki: PkgSplit, removed here its history. It is seems outdated.

You could check more real examples (as mentioned by tumbleweed):

search for ".*-mpi" or .*-openmpi
apt-cache search --names-only ".*-mpi"

then download source
apt source <packagename>

Or you can check online:

Search for mpi through descriptions on https://packages.ubuntu.com/ .
Peak one from last suite, example mrbayes-mpi. Usually, packages are suffixed with used compiler or critical options.
Follow download source package link.
Either download debian archive or check its Debian Package Source Repository (Browsable) on upstream Debian/Ubuntu/External site.
Check control, *.install files and most important rules file.

Here the multi-cycles build essential part:
override_dh_auto_configure:
  dh_auto_configure -- --with-beagle=/usr --enable-mpi=yes --enable-debug=yes

override_dh_auto_build:
  # build mb-mpi (from initial config)
  LIBS="-Wl,--as-needed" dh_auto_build
  mv src/mb ./mb-mpi
  # Now - build mb
  ( cd src ; make clean )
  dh_auto_configure -- --with-beagle=/usr --enable-mpi=no --enable-debug=yes
  LIBS="-Wl,--as-needed" dh_auto_build
  mv src/mb .

It overrides the default and used 2 cycles of (dh_auto_configure & dh_auto_build) then store them with different names.


Solved: as soon as I renamed the '~/.config/pulse' folder to 'pulse_vErr' (open a terminal, cd .config (pwd should show ~/.config) and there, mv pulse pulse_vErr
It immediately creates a new pulse folder and the sound icon shows again the volume.
I knew it was a configuration problem, so...


I just figured it out that when I completely reset the whole home directory of the git user:

deluser git --remove-home --backup # creates backup of home dir of git. see deluser(8)
adduser git

I got rid of gitolite-shell.

However I still don't know where string /home/git/bin/gitolite-shell is stored.


Can't change display resolution : nVidia GT610

According to Nvidia, the latest driver for your card is:

Version:      361.45
Release Date: Tue May 24, 2016

GeForce 600 Series
GeForce GTX 690, GeForce GTX 680, GeForce GTX 670, GeForce GTX 660 Ti, GeForce GTX 660, GeForce GTX 650 Ti BOOST, GeForce GTX 650 Ti, GeForce GTX 650, GeForce GTX 645, GeForce GT 645, GeForce GT 640, GeForce GT 630, GeForce GT 620, GeForce GT 610, GeForce 605

You can add custom resolutions using the instructions offered here.

NOTE that you have to know the exact refresh rate your monitor supports for each and every resolution you want to add before you start this process.


I've accepted aatdark's answer, but here's a more detailed description of what I did (I haven't the rep to edit aatdark's post).

First off, I'm using Ubuntu 9.04.

Also, there was no need to install additional packages.

I had a set up like this:

ISP -> fetchmail -> postfix -> dovecot (for imap access)

I needed postfix to use dovecot's deliver program as that had the ability to run sieve scripts. To do this, edit the main.cf in /etc/postfix and change or add the following:

mailbox_deliver = /usr/lib/dovecot/deliver

This tells postfix to use dovecot's deliver program. To get deliver to run sieve scripts, edit dovecot.conf in /etc/dovecot and find the line with

protocol lda {

and add the following entries:

postmaster_address = <some address>
hostname = <hostname>
mail_plugins = cmusieve
sendmail_path = /usr/lib/sendmail

Finally, to implement the whitelist as I originally required, search the dovecot.conf for

plugin {

add the following:

sieve = <location of sieve script> # I have /var/sieve-scripts/%n.sieve, this uses the user name as part of the script filename

and the script file looks like:

if address :is ["From"] "whitelisteduser@domain"
{
    keep; # we know this user so let it through
}
else
{
    redirect "myemail@domain"; # redirect everything else
}

It's a simple script, I know. But it's a start. I hope there's a way to use an external data source instead of the explicit sender's email address


How do I locate a file returned by lsof?

locate {filename}

But ... that is not the issue here. You or something deleted a bunch of files that, at the time, where in use and the system will only free it up when those are no longer in use. In this case those files belonged to postgres and it is reported as such in your lsof.

So either reboot the system or restart the postgres server.

Mind that is not a good idea to remove files from a system that are in use.


Ubuntu 12.10 64 bit boots live CD but can't install on Sony Vaio SVS1511

Found a solution credits go to Rod Smith https://askubuntu.com/users/57976/rod-smith
Thanks

Your parted output suggests you've got a partition table problem, or at least an issue that libparted (which is used both by the text-mode parted program and the Ubuntu partitioner) is interpreting as a partition table problem. The "Invalid or incomplete multibyte or wide character" message suggests that parted is having problems interpreting the partition name, which is officially a UTF16-encoded name. Unfortunately, the last time I checked, parted didn't do proper UTF-16 encoding or decoding of partition names; instead, it tried to interpret them as a sort of modified ASCII -- or in practice, a modified UTF-8. This could lead to problems if a real UTF-16 partition name used non-ASCII characters, since they might then look like gibberish when interpreted as a modified UTF-8. Since libparted is very sensitive to errors and offers little in the way of corrective tools, the result is an error, as both parted and the Ubuntu installer demonstrate.

If I'm right (and I'm far from certain that I am), you should be able to correct the problem as follows:

Boot into the Ubuntu (or any other Linux) rescue disk.
If necessary, download and install GPT fdisk (gdisk). It's available as the gdisk package in Ubuntu.
Type sudo gdisk /dev/sda to launch gdisk on your problem disk.
Type v to verify the disk's data structures. If gdisk reports any problems, it could be that parted was reacting to some problem other than the partition name, and that may need to be dealt with instead of (or at least before) proceeding with the below steps.
Type p to view your partition table. Look for any non-ASCII characters in the "Name" column.
Type c to change the name of any partition that has a strange name. You'll be asked for a partition number and a new name. Repeat this for as many partitions as necessary (up to all of them).
Type p to review your partition table to be sure everything looks sane.
If everything looks good, type w to save your changes and exit from gdisk.

If my suspicion is correct, you should now be able to proceed with Ubuntu installation. If I'm correct, this is a libparted bug, which should be reported to Ubuntu and/or to the libparted developers. Recording the names of all your partitions for inclusion in your bug report is worth doing.


The way you added authorised keys, you haven't added your user's key to root's authorised keys. You have added your own key to your authorised keys and root's key to root's authorised keys. Instead do:

sudo tee -a /root/.ssh/authorized_keys  < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub


From Nautilus, go to the Edit menu, select Backgrounds and Emblems, click on Emblems, and then on the Add a New Emblem button at the bottom of the dialog.


Can I keep the annoying dpkg lock error from coming back?

Package manager lock errors usually occur only under one of the following circumstances:

You happen, by chance, to be running two package manager applications (Synaptic, apt, Software Center, etc.) at the same time. This is a reasonably common mistake made once or twice by new users. This one is easy to solve: Use only one at a time. Do NOT abort a running package manager - wait for it to finish.

Since they all share a common database of packages and a common cache of deb files, only one application may use the database and cache at a time. The lockfiles prevent terrible damage that might result from two simultaneous operations on the same database of filesystem.
You happen, by chance,  to be using a package manager during the minute-or-two each day that the Unattended Upgrades application is quietly installing security updates. This one is also very easy to solve: Wait a minute or two and try again. Do NOT attempt to abort Unattended Upgrades - let it finish.

Here's one easy command to tell if Unattended Upgrades is blocking your use of apt: Look for the apt-daily-upgrade.timer. If the timer has very recently passed, then Unattended Upgrades is a likely culprit.

$ systemctl list-timers apt-daily-upgrade.timer
NEXT                         LEFT    LAST                         PASSED  UNIT                    ACTIVATES
Tue 2019-09-10 06:26:27 CDT  23h left Mon 2019-09-09 06:26:12 CDT  2m ago apt-daily-upgrade.timer apt-daily-upgrade.service

In this case, Unattended Upgrades was triggered two minutes ago, and will run again tomorrow. That's why my apt job was blocked by a lockfile. I simply wait for UU to finish, then my apt job will run properly.
Your system or filesystem was not shutdown cleanly, but instead was powered off or lost read/write access to disk while in the middle of a package operation. That has the potential to be REALLY BAD, and might occasionally make your system unbootable, so try not to let that happen. In this case, manually removing a lockfile with sudo rm is required since the original application terminated before removing it's lock.

(In my 15 years using Debian and Ubuntu on many, many systems, I have needed to manually remove a lockfile for this reason only once. And the underlying cause was my fault, not Ubuntu's.)
Finally and very rarely, frequent recurrence of mysterious lockfiles might be a symptom of damage to your system, or perhaps a bug that you have discovered. Either way, don't assume everybody else is suffering. We're probably not.


It has to do with where you add that into the ~/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css file.  I am assuming that your file has more lines in it, here is an example of what I did so mine has padding:

This starts about line 93 in the file.

panel-off */

VteTerminal, vte-terminal {
        padding: 10px;
}

/* menu-off

Or you can add it at the very bottom of the file after /* End custom styles */

/* End custom styles */
VteTerminal, vte-terminal {
    padding: 10px;
}

The panel-off and menu-off lines were already there.  I just added my lines between those because I am assuming that the */ and /* are ends and beginnings to sections in the file.

Save your file, close all gnome-terminal windows.  Then relaunch.

EDIT: Also reinstalling gnome-terminal helped.

sudo apt install --reinstall gnome-terminal

Hope this helps!


Oh, and no matter the settings in BIOS, BIOS itself cannot see the
  HDD.

Your disk is broken or disconnected.


Are there any Pros/Cons to using an older LTS?

It depends on the software you use. In general, packages in a given Ubuntu release only get updates to fix severe bugs, which severely impact the functionality of a program  or render it insecure. However, new features are typically not included as updates. Hence, if a program you use had a new version which introduced many new features, including performance or compatibility improvements, you will not get them (at least not as part of the normal package upgrade process).

So my advice if you think 14.04 is really too much of a problem, is to try 12.04 and see if it works for you. If it does, great. If some programs are too old and lack features you need, however, you might have to decide between upgrading those programs yourself (from source or from a PPA, for example), or reverting to 14.04 and deal with the problems you have with it.


Problem with DHCP Server in Ubuntu Server

You will probably need to change the default configuration by editing /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf to suit your needs and particular configuration.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)


Kubuntu 12.04 VMware Workstation - No Window After Patch

Try to run it from terminal with sudo. If window shows than you have rewrite permitions for files extracted from patch.


Windows that are snapped to one side freeze the computer when I drag them to make them full screen

This is bug #1244754.

The workaround is to use shortcut keys Ctrl + Super + Up to maximise windows.


How to get KDE4 for building a project in Ubuntu 12.04?

Build depends

The Krusader 'Build-Depends': http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/k/krusader/krusader_2.4.0~beta3-2.dsc

=> cmake, debhelper (>= 9), kdelibs5-dev (>= 4:4.4.4), libkonq5-dev, pkg-kde-tools (>= 0.9.0), zlib1g-dev

The KDE development packages are: kdelibs5-dev and libkonq5-dev


You do not need to install ntfsprogs, it is now part of the default ntfs-3g driver. And with some older versions of Ubuntu installing ntfsprogs installed the old version and uninstalled ntfs-3g.

On April 12, 2011 it was announced that Ntfsprogs project was merged with NTFS-3G
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ntfsprogs

man ntfsprogs (from 12.04,so applies to newer versions also)
The  ntfsprogs  are part of the ntfs-3g package which can be downloaded
       from:
       http://www.tuxera.com/community/

From synaptic:
ntfsprogs
Package to ease upgrading from older ntfsprogs packages to the new ntfs-3g
package.
This package can be purged at anytime once the ntfs-3g package has been
installed.

The ntfsfix does minor repairs which may work but sets the chkdsk flag so if you reboot it runs it. And partitions with the chkdsk flag are usually not mounted with ntfs-3g to prevent further damage that chkdsk might not fix. But if not a bootable Windows then chkdsk will  not be run. You need either a Windows repairCD or some of the third party tools may run chkdsk.

Third party chkdsk tools
Also has chkdsk and some other Windows repairs in free version:
http://www.partitionwizard.com/features.html
May be able to run chkdsk from Hiren's boot CD. (mini xp.)
Hiren's Boot CD, and do a chkdsk on the XP

EASEUS Partition Master
http://www.partition-tool.com/personal.htm

Partition Wizard

http://www.partitionwizard.com/free-partition-manager.html

http://www.partitionwizard.com/partitionmanager/partition-fix.html


When musescore is open (using jack), how to videos from YouTube either are paused or have no sound

The OP suggested I put my comment as an answer. Which I was reluctant to do, but it's probably better for archiving purposes. At least if no other answer comes along.

I suggest switching to ALSA first, and if it doesn't work, then PULSE. JACK might be locking access to the audio device, or it could be a routing path issue.


How can I boot Ubuntu from a USB external disk that was previously the internal laptop disk?

Two ways:  Easy way is to run 12.04, then run

sudo update-grub

You should now have the option to boot the usb from the grub menu.

Other way -- fix the grub.cfg file on the usb disk. You can mount the usb onto the 12.04 system, and edit the file /mnt/sdb?/boot/grub/grub.cfg and change all the hd0 occurrences to
hd1.  Then try boot the usb.  If successful, you can run update-grub as above and get the 12.04 system added to the usb grub menu. The uuids on the usb will not have changed,so should still be good.  Any explicit /dev/sda? devices you find should also be changed to /dev/sdb?, but there really should not be any of those if uuids are used.


Do I need to create a separate EFI partition during installation of Ubuntu (dual boot)

I assume you want to install Ubuntu in the unallocated 25 GB space at the bottom.
No! You Don't Need Another ESP!
As you are dual booting from a single physical drive, it needs (must have) only one EFI System Partition (ESP).
This question is fully answered in If there is already an EFI partition for windows, do I need to create a new EFI partition for Ubuntu?
However: you have to make sure that you boot the installation USB in the UEFI mode when you install Ubuntu. See Installation problems with GRUB, can only install by reinstalling Windows in legacy mode but need to keep in UEFI mode for details.
The rest of the answer is devoted to subsequent questions asked in comments.
Something Else...
When you get to the partition selection in "Something Else" This unallocated 25 GB should show up as free space like this picture:

Highlight the free space and click on the + to create a partition. This will be the Ubuntu system partition.

Create root system partition / in ext4 format:

Make sure the bootloader is installed in the first drive as a whole, /dev/sda in your case. As long as you have booted the LiveUSB in UEFI mode, the installer will find the EFI System Partition (ESP) and install part of the grub bootloader there. Never, Never, NEVER select a specific partition (like /dev/sda2) for the bootloader installation.
Continue the rest of the installation as you normally would by pressing Install Now button.
Hope this helps


The congregation at this server message is that it is so unspecific. Since theoretically could be just Something is going wrong!

Remove the file /etc/apache2/conf-available/fqdn.conf via

sudo mv /etc/apache2/conf-available/fqdn.conf /etc/apache2/conf-available/fqdn.conf.bak

and unlink the configuration

sudo a2disconf fqdn

Restart your server and check if the problem is solved

sudo service apache2 restart

If not, backup your configurations and install apache2 again via

sudo mv /etc/apache2 /etc/apache2.bak
sudo apt-get purge apache2
sudo apt-get install apache2

Restart your server and check if the problem is solved

sudo service apache2 restart

If you get a error message like

The apache2 configtest failed. Output of config test was: apache2:
Syntax error on line 140 of /etc/apache2/apache2.conf: Syntax error
on line 1 of /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/alias.load: Cannot load
/usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_alias.so into server: /usr/lib/apache2
modules/mod_alias.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or
directory Action 'configtest' failed. The Apache error log may have
more information.

reinstall apache2-bin via

sudo apt-get install --reinstall apache2-bin

because the file /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_alias.so is part of the package apache2-bin
And now again

echo "ServerName localhost" | sudo tee /etc/apache2/conf-available/fqdn.conf
sudo a2enconf fqdn


5 seconds grey screen before ubuntu MATE login screen

Open this file as root "/etc/default/grub":

sudo nano /etc/default/grub
Scroll down and add these lines to the file, with the link to the image that you want as background:

  #Comment to disable background image
   GRUB_BACKGROUND="/path/to/file.png"

Save the file by pressing "Ctrl + X", then Y.
Still in terminal run:

sudo update-grub

That's it.

EDIT: The limits are explained here.

A good example.


Install Incrontab (file system watcher) on Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS

Make sure that your apt source list file /etc/apt/sources.list contains universe.

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

Install incron package.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install incron


Do the AMD proprietary drivers even work in Ubuntu 13.10/Kernel 3.11?

If you rely on them, don't upgrade.

The supported versions according to AMD are:

Xorg/Xserver 7.4 and above (up to 1.14)
Linux kernel 2.6 or above (up to 3.10)
glibc version 2.2 or 2.3

It's not just the kernel version that will break support for the proprietary drivers

glibc and xorg are above the supported numbers as well.

AMD/ATI has always had terrible support for Linux. If you are a Linux user, i would go with NVIDIA in the future if you want to have a usable box.


Brother MFC-J430W printer receiving data, but not printing anything

I ended up getting it to work by removing all the whitespace from the path leading to the file, for example:

/media/User/Data/Downloads/favorite folder/look at the spaces/linux-brprinter-installer-2.0.0-1

became

/media/User/Data/Downloads/favoritefolder/lookatthespaces/linux-brprinter-installer-2.0.0-1

and then following the installation instructions


GCC --disable-nls, --enable-languages, --without-headers Unrecognized

Here is the finished file (setup-gcc.sh):

####################################
echo Stage 1 - Building Dependencies
####################################

# make a working directory
cd $HOME/Documents
rm -rf Cross
mkdir Cross
cd Cross

# install or update all apt-get dependencies
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install gcc                   # not cross
sudo apt-get install g++
sudo apt-get install make
sudo apt-get install bison
sudo apt-get install flex
sudo apt-get install gawk
sudo apt-get install libgmp3-dev
sudo apt-get install libmpfr-dev libmpfr-doc libmpfr4 libmpfr4-dbg
sudo apt-get install mpc
sudo apt-get install texinfo               # optional
sudo apt-get install libcloog-isl-dev      # optional
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install glibc-devel
sudo apt-get -y install gcc-multilib libc6-i386

# download and unpack necessary files
wget http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/binutils/binutils-2.25.1.tar.gz
wget http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gcc/gcc-5.3.0/gcc-5.3.0.tar.gz
wget http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/mpc/mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz
for f in *.tar*; do tar zvxf $f; done

# create installation directory
mkdir Install
export PREFIX="$HOME/Documents/Cross/Install"
export TARGET=i686-elf
export PATH="$PREFIX/bin:$PATH"

################################
echo Stage 2 - Building Compiler
################################

# install mpc
mkdir build-mpc
cd build-mpc
../mpc-1.0.3/configure --prefix="$PREFIX"
make -j2
make -j2 check
make -j2 install
cd ..

# install binutils
mkdir build-binutils
cd build-binutils
../binutils-2.25.1/configure --target=$TARGET --prefix="$PREFIX" --with-sysroot --disable-nls --disable-werror
make -j2
make -j2 install
cd ..

# install gcc
mkdir build-gcc
cd build-gcc
../gcc-5.3.0/configure --target=$TARGET --prefix="$PREFIX" --disable-nls --enable-languages=c,c++ --without-headers --with-mpc="$PREFIX"
make -j2 all-gcc
make -j2 all-target-libgcc
make -j2 install-gcc
make -j2 install-target-libgcc

Thanks to @Terrance for helping work out the problems. From there, I worked out the rest, did a few major performance improvements, and made it so it should work on all systems.

Once you have it installed, you can run it with:

export PREFIX="$HOME/Documents/Cross/Install"
export TARGET=i686-elf
$PREFIX/bin/$TARGET-gcc --version

Unfortunately, doing this inside of an alias or bash script doesn't seem to properly launch it, so, unless this gets fixed, you might have to just store the script in a text file and copy-paste it into terminal every time you reboot.

To uninstall your cross-compiler, simply delete the $HOME/Documents/Cross directory.

As a final note, changing the installation directory or target is as easy as changing the value of $PREFIX or $TARGET, but I wouldn't recommend it, because you may run into other unexpected problems.


Ubuntu 14.04 Wireless not working properly in Dell Inspiron N5110

You have a Centrino Wireless-N 1030 which uses the iwlwifi driver.

Open the file iwlwifi.conf using the command

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

Now, add the following line at the end and save

options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1

Reboot and check whether the wifi is working.


Search Dash for Personal file sharing, a icon looks like a folder. Open that. A small window should open with a checkbox (receive files over bluetooth). Check it. Close it. You can check the box beside Notify about received files too. Also, you can select which devices are to be shared with.


Backup and restore ChrUbuntu on Chromebook

No, after unpacking the Tar archive the file system will not be the same.

However, the directory structure and the content of all extracted files will be exactly the same meaning that, while not the same, the result is semantically equivalent. Since that includes all installed programs and configurations this seems to be all you're interested in anyway.


How to run a complex command by xfce mail-watcher

Aliases are specific to the shell and most likely xfce4-mailwatch-plugin knows nothing about them. That is why it isn't working for you.

The || and & are also shell-specific.

I suggest you create a 2-line script (the first line being #!/bin/sh) that does what needs to be done, save it and make it executable. Then configure xfce4-mailwatch-plugin to execute that script.


Trying to set up a website on Ubuntu Server 16.04

First, you're going to want to setup your webserver. I'm not entirely familiar with how ghost works, but look at a tutorial like this DigitalOcean one which will tell you what to do. Ghost is a type of content platform that runs on top of a webserver, which is actually serving your pages. You need to install a webserver as well. This tutorial recommends nginx, which is a common and well-supported web server that a lot of people use.

You'll also need to setup your domain to point to your server. This part kind of depends on your specific setup. Figure out your server's public IP address by running this command:

wget http://ipinfo.io/ip -qO -

You need to make your domain forward to that address. This generally involves adding DNS 'A' records for '' and 'www.' that point to your public IP. If your server is behind a router, you might also have to enable port forwarding.


Insert your DNS servers to /etc/resolv.conf file. If you don't know your DNS servers insert the following details to your /etc/resolv.conf.

nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4


In order to play H.264 encoded videos the corresponding decoder comes with the following library:

sudo apt install gstreamer1.0-libav


Removal of unity-preferences makes launcher not show up

To adjust the reveal mode of the Launcher, you can use compizconfig-settings-manager . To install CCSM, run the following command from the terminal:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

In CCSM, look for Ubuntu Unity Plugin and click on the option for Reveal mode. Using the Reveal mode, you can choose which part of the screen should trigger the launcher.

You might want to configure the launcher to never hide such that you can use the launcher properly.

How can I configure Unity's launcher auto-hide behavior?


The official documentation (https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Fstab) says that you can only mount by hostname if the name appears in your hosts file.

Which wouldn't help you because you'd have to constantly update your hosts file.

Would mounting the drives through a file manager work for you? You can do that with server name.


I think this is not the exact forum for this question. However, you must read the Terms and Conditions mentioned on the official site. It clearly states that your machine must be running  Windows 7, Windows Vista, or Windows XP with Service Pack 3 (SP3) to download that upgrade. The only option I could see there for you is to get it shipped or buy it from a retail.


Definitely something to do with lightdm

I installed gdm3:

sudo apt-get install gdm

The system will login to my desktop and everything is normal.
Change to lightdm:

System goes into a login loop.


Is it possible to setup routes that the internet works only through VPN connection?

Yes, it's surely possible. I would try the following (this is not tested):

in Network Manager settings, remove default gateway from your default interface (if you are using DHCP and it's automatically providing the default gateway for you, change the setting to "DHCP (addresses only)")
add in your network settings a static route to your VPN server over the gateway that was your default gateway (if you don't know what the address was, you can obtain it by displaying the current routing table: netstat -r -n before performing these steps)
you may also need to add in similar way static routes to DNS servers, if your VPN client connects to the server using domain name and not IP address
it may be also needed to add DNS server addresses manually in the network settings, especially if you use the "DHCP (addresses only)" option.
disconnect your default connection  and connect it again.

Once this is done, you should not be able to connect to anything except your VPN server.
Then you may connect your VPN - I assume that once you connect, the VPN client will automatically set up the default gateway for you over the VPN interface (this is how most VPN clients behave).


Unity does not start after installing the fglrx drivers

Press Ctrl+shift+F1 and type this command after you logged in to the system

sudo apt-get remove fglrx-*
sudo sh /usr/share/ati/fglrx-uninstall.sh

It will remove the drivers that you have just installed, they are not compatible with the new version of the X server and will break Unity when you install them.

There is a current open bug with it on Launchpad.net, please signing and follow it for further progress. This is an ATI drivers issue:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/fglrx-installer-updates/+bug/1069199


Why do I always need to go to grub and enter in Ubuntu?

Try adding/substituting these lines to your /etc/default/grub
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
#GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
#GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT=true
#GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=menu
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
Don't forget to run sudo update-grub before you reboot.


will an ati 5650 radeon cause issues in 12.10

My advice would be not to use the proprietary drivers, I have an ATI Radeon 5450 and using the proprietary drivers means losing the dash/launcher and top bar.


Yes it stores thumbnails, but I don't know whether images from USB are cached. Look in the ~/.thumbnails or the ~/.cache/thumbnails directory.


Mounting a second hard drive for documents, pictures, and music in xubuntu

Just copy them ?

cp -r ~/{Pictures,Videos,Music} /media/bigdata

Or maybe move them ?

mv ~/{Pictures,Videos,Music} /media/bigdata

Just adapt these commands. What you write in /media/bigdata is written to the external drive mounted there. However, if you want to use this drive as your /home partition, that's another thing. Quoting from this page :

  If you don’t create a separate home partition while installing Ubuntu, you don’t have to reinstall Ubuntu from scratch. To migrate to a separate home partition after installation, you’ll have to create a new partition (which may require resizing your existing partitions), copy the files from your existing home directory to that partition, and tell Ubuntu to mount the new partition at /home.

As you're using the whole drive, you probably don't need to partition it much more. Copying/moving is handled by my above commands. As far as auto-mounting is concerned, you might want to have a look at the fstab file. GNOME also offers device auto-mounting GUIs that mount your drive to /media/bigdata after login. Basically, most USB storage devices are auto-mounted anyway.

In you're not really at ease with disk management and system partitionning, just move your files to the drive, and leave your /home partition where it is. You might just need to configure your system to mount the external drive at /media/bigdata.


How do I investigate/confirm the identity of a PPA maintainer (e.g., Chromium Team)?

The "Chromium Team" in Launchpad are Ubuntu developers, not Google developers (except for one, who works on Chromium at Google). You can see this by looking at the team's membership:

https://launchpad.net/~chromium-team/+members#active

The way you would determine if upstream maintainers are active in a team is to see if you recognize names (or email addresses). For the large projects like Mozilla and Chrome where Ubuntu developers work with their respective upstream generally speaking I trust them.

For example the team that runs the Firefox PPA is the same team that maintains Firefox in the distribution, and the team that maintains the Chromium PPA is also the same team that maintains Chromium in the distro.

There's really no way to determine how "trustworthy" a PPA is on a glace (Which is why most people will usually recommend not trusting them by default). Currently there is no real way for you to know just how "official" a PPA is unless it's explicitly mentioned by an upstream as trustworthy (see how XBMC recommends a PPA in that link) or you recognize the people in a team. In Open Source since everything is done in the open trust is something that is earned by people based on behavior. For example I trust someone who works at Mozilla to write my browser and I trust someone who is an Ubuntu developer to package it properly since both organizations have a model of peer review.

Individual PPAs are another matter, there's no guarantee that they won't break anything, but that doesn't mean every one is automatically bad. Chris talks about this a bit about PPA security in this answer:

Which Ubuntu repositories are totally safe and free from malware?


How to change large text default factor scaling Ubuntu 18.04

Install "Tweaks" from the software center. On the "Fonts" tab, you can set your desired the scaling factor precisely.

You may also set the scaling factor with a terminal command:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor 1.21

Reset to the system default setting with the command

gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor


A stick that has a live Ubuntu on it sometimes cannot be as easily formatted as other such drives.

You could also try Disks again — but not with options from the gear button: from the top-right one (3-lines, 3-dots), namely "Format Disk".

There you can delete all partitions too and start again to a create a new one.

Also, I have seen sometimes mintstick being able to format a live-Ubuntu stick that gparted couldn't. See this and this.


That repository don't have a supported versions for Bionic Beaver (18.04). It seems that it hasn't been updated since 2016-11-20 17:46.

You can just follow the http-url and verify by your self.


However I know for sure that the -o construction for finding different
  kinds of files is correct:

find ./ -name "*.cpp" -or -name "*.h"

True, but the precedence of -or is not that high. From man find:

   Please note that -a when specified implicitly (for example by two tests
   appearing  without an explicit operator between them) or explicitly has
   higher precedence than -o.  This means that find . -name afile -o -name
   bfile -print will never print afile.

So:

-name "*.cpp" -or -name "*.h" -exec grep ...

Is like:

-name "*.cpp" -or ( -name "*.h" -exec grep ... )

And not like:

( -name "*.cpp" -or -name "*.h" ) -exec grep ...

You need:

find . \( -name '*.cpp' -o -name '*.h' \) -exec grep -H '#include.*Sample\.h' {} +

(I assume you used /dev/null to make grep print the filename? The -H option does that.)


Cannot access internet from WiFi except my home WiFi!

I had to answer it by myself. Sorry :(

EDIT: as mchid suggested, I digged it again, and realized that everytime I run resolvconf -u ...

/etc/resolvconf/update.d/libc: Warning: /etc/resolv.conf is not a symbolic link to /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf

So I fixed it by linking /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf to /etc/resolv.conf

ln -s /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf

Tested using 3 Wireless Network so far, no problem :D


Yes, the method you describe will work assuming neither disk is your current root/active partition (since they're both under /mnt/ it looks like you're OK.

Also, you're right that since md devices are involved, it's probably best not to dd the entire partition. That would also need you to grow the filesystem, a step that can be avoided using rsync which is perfectly safe in this case.

A few comments:

No need to worry about special filesystems like /dev, /proc, /sys, /run; since neither disk is your current root partition, these filesystems are not mounted (let's say they're not "live") and all they contain are files. Some of the file are "special" (maybe fifos or block/char special files) but these copy over OK.
No need for -z in your rsync line; since it's a local copy and I assume the hard disks are fast enough, it's faster if you avoid the compress/decompress overhead.


How to retreive password stored in Firefox?

Go to Edit --> Preferences --> Security Tab and select Saved Passwords

Then select Show Passwords


Require assistance with failed to open stream: Permission denied in

Give 755 permissions to the /home/user/public/website.com/public/ folder, subfolders and all files.


In Conky, how can I calculate the time elapsed since a specific date?

You can execute external commands from within Conky. For example I have this one:

${execpi .001 (awk '{printf "%s/", $1}' /proc/loadavg; grep -c processor /proc/cpuinfo;) | bc -l | cut -c1-4}

It takes the CPU load average and divides it by the number of CPU's limiting the results to 3 decimal places.

You can write the bulk of your date arithmetic in a bash script (or another program) and call it from conky.


First, make sure that you have done: sudo apt-get install ibus-hangul.
This will ensure that when you go to: settings - text entry - '+'; you will be able to add: korean (hangul) (ibus) using '+'. Make sure to use the (ibus) option.
Then, click the button that looks like a wrench and driver in a 'x' pattern. Pay attention to the toggle key. After you hit apply, you should then see the korean fan (red,yellow, blue fireball in circular pattern) in your icon bar. Or press En (default in US) then the fireball. Then you still have to toggle to text in korean.


What does a hash after a variable name do as an operator in bash?

That is an example of prefix removal.  The general form is:

 ${variable#pattern}

which removes the shortest match to the glob pattern from the beginning of variable.  In your case, pattern consists of (a) * which matches zero or more of any character, and (b) = which matches just =.

See man bash for more info.

Example

$ i='ab=cd'
$ echo "${i#a}"
b=cd
$ echo "${i#*=}"
cd


How to migrate ubuntu to an ssd when /home is encrypted with ecryptfs?

eCryptfs doesn't encrypt an entire partition like LUKS/dm-crypt does, your home is stored (encrypted) in a regular folder, apparently somewhere on your sda1 root partition in your case.

Making a regular backup of your home while you're logged in (and it's mounted/decrypted) would be a good method to migrate it to another location (keeping the backup copy encrypted along the way, if desired).

Or investigate the ecryptfs-recover-private command/script, to view/copy your encrypted home if it's not automatically mounted/decrypted, after migrating perhaps.


I don't think there's a plugin for Deluge, but flexget is an RSS torrent downloader that is very easy to configure, extremely flexible and has tight integration to Deluge. I use flexget+Deluge and it works fine.

Take a look at this for details on  Deluge integration


This application is web-based, not GUI - therefore it does not have any *.desktop  file, so it is absolutely expected that its icon is not presented in menu.
You have to check its Apache configuration and use web-browser to get access to it.
Other good place to find help is official documentation (with assumption that you use ZoneMinder from official Ubuntu repositories).


How do I save terminal output to a file?

To write the output of a command to a file, there are basically 10 commonly used ways.

Overview:

  Please note that the n.e. in the syntax column means "not existing".
  There is a way, but it's too complicated to fit into the column. You can find a helpful link in the List section about it.

          || visible in terminal ||   visible in file   || existing
  Syntax  ||  StdOut  |  StdErr  ||  StdOut  |  StdErr  ||   file
==========++==========+==========++==========+==========++===========
    >     ||    no    |   yes    ||   yes    |    no    || overwrite
    >>    ||    no    |   yes    ||   yes    |    no    ||  append
          ||          |          ||          |          ||
   2>     ||   yes    |    no    ||    no    |   yes    || overwrite
   2>>    ||   yes    |    no    ||    no    |   yes    ||  append
          ||          |          ||          |          ||
   &>     ||    no    |    no    ||   yes    |   yes    || overwrite
   &>>    ||    no    |    no    ||   yes    |   yes    ||  append
          ||          |          ||          |          ||
 | tee    ||   yes    |   yes    ||   yes    |    no    || overwrite
 | tee -a ||   yes    |   yes    ||   yes    |    no    ||  append
          ||          |          ||          |          ||
 n.e. (*) ||   yes    |   yes    ||    no    |   yes    || overwrite
 n.e. (*) ||   yes    |   yes    ||    no    |   yes    ||  append
          ||          |          ||          |          ||
|& tee    ||   yes    |   yes    ||   yes    |   yes    || overwrite
|& tee -a ||   yes    |   yes    ||   yes    |   yes    ||  append

List:

command > output.txt

The standard output stream will be redirected to the file only, it will not be visible in the terminal. If the file already exists, it gets overwritten.
command >> output.txt

The standard output stream will be redirected to the file only, it will not be visible in the terminal. If the file already exists, the new data will get appended to the end of the file.
command 2> output.txt

The standard error stream will be redirected to the file only, it will not be visible in the terminal. If the file already exists, it gets overwritten.
command 2>> output.txt

The standard error stream will be redirected to the file only, it will not be visible in the terminal. If the file already exists, the new data will get appended to the end of the file.
command &> output.txt

Both the standard output and standard error stream will be redirected to the file only, nothing will be visible in the terminal. If the file already exists, it gets overwritten.
command &>> output.txt

Both the standard output and standard error stream will be redirected to the file only, nothing will be visible in the terminal. If the file already exists, the new data will get appended to the end of the file..
command | tee output.txt

The standard output stream will be copied to the file, it will still be visible in the terminal. If the file already exists, it gets overwritten.
command | tee -a output.txt

The standard output stream will be copied to the file, it will still be visible in the terminal. If the file already exists, the new data will get appended to the end of the file.
(*)

Bash has no shorthand syntax that allows piping only StdErr to a second command, which would be needed here in combination with tee again to complete the table. If you really need something like that, please look at "How to pipe stderr, and not stdout?" on Stack Overflow for some ways how this can be done e.g. by swapping streams or using process substitution.
command |& tee output.txt

Both the standard output and standard error streams will be copied to the file while still being visible in the terminal. If the file already exists, it gets overwritten.
command |& tee -a output.txt

Both the standard output and standard error streams will be copied to the file while still being visible in the terminal. If the file already exists, the new data will get appended to the end of the file.


I blame the proxy.

From here in the UK proxy3.serd.global.sharp.com.jp does not resolve but the mirror works fine. Stop using the sharp.com.jp proxy and things should start to work. I don't know why you'd want to use a Japanese proxy for a Chinese mirror anyway. Doesn't really make much sense.

If you're adamant you know what proxy3.serd.global.sharp.com.jp should resolve to, run sudoedit /etc/hosts in a terminal and add the following as a new line at the end of the file:

172.30.124.10    proxy3.serd.global.sharp.com.jp


Viewing NVIDIA Geforce card control panel from Ubuntu dual-boot with Windows 7

Wubi is commonly used to refer to the Windows UBuntu Installer, and also the Ubuntu that has been installed. But the Ubuntu install doesn't run in Windows like a VM. It's not hosted at all. The only virtual part is the Ubuntu partition.

So you can't use any programs, like the nvidia control panel, that are only installed in Windows. This is a completely separate OS.

Instead you'll need to refer to this: how to get an nvidia control panel?

With regard to your additional questions about the difference between Wubi and a normal dual boot see here: What's the difference between Wubi and a regular "alongside Windows" installation?

Depending on how Windows is damaged, Wubi could still boot. But normally it's the Wubi install that gets damaged due to the increased potential for corruption due to the virtual disk.


Error during installation of Ubuntu LTS 14.04.3

for sure that is not a problem of available space. Seems that for some reason your installation image is not correct. The message on the bottom says, that installer cannot find /dev/sdc device containing installation image.

You mentioned about 2 SDDs in RAID mode. My guess is following: hardware RAID under windows is recognized as single drive (which is normal). So this is virtually mapped to /dev/sda. Under linux - those devices can be seen separately. So you'll get /dev/sda and /dev/sdb. Then, your HDD will be /dev/sdc (instead of expected USB drive). But this is only my guess.

Now, to try solve your problem - first I'd change Universal USB Installer to something else. Maybe you're more lucky then. Kubuntu (which is the same OS family) is suggesting UNetbootin (https://unetbootin.github.io/) - you may give it a try before digging into details of your hardware setup - maybe it will just work.

Please drop some info if you try this.

Good luck.


It appears I need not start an application from the Main Menu to achieve the application to behave according to the Main Menu "Command" text box content. Only now I have realized that the Main Menu dialog with the "Command" text box has a title 'Launcher Properties'.

After the change in the Main Menu "Command" text box for gedit according to the mentioned answer, it is sufficient to click the gedit icon yet locked in the Launcher or click the name of the *.txt file in Krusader for gedit to open files with my desired coding Windows-1250. It means that its 'Character Encoding: Automatically' is now sufficient for it.


14.04 what is the difference between /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3.4

/usr/bin/python, /usr/bin/python2  and /usr/bin/python3 are just symbolic links to a Python executable for convenient access to a Python 2/3 interpreter or just a python interpreter. In 14.04 they point to:

/usr/bin/python → /usr/bin/python2.7
/usr/bin/python2 → /usr/bin/python2.7
/usr/bin/python3 → /usr/bin/python3.4

In combination with virtualenv you should use the executable directly: /usr/bin/python2.7 or /usr/bin/python3.4, but the symbolic links should work as well.


Internet not working in LAN, Ubuntu 11.10

as Mitch mentions post your ifconfig output.

Also, make sure those files are not cached for you.
Try pinging to Universal DNS like 4.2.2.2


Bastion unexpectedly exits when I move my cursor

This article in portuguese has the codes to solve most of the port errors of the Humble Indie Bundle V. If you don't understand it, just ask me and I'll try to provide a translated version of it.


Your wireless interface name is 'weird' because of predictable network naming: https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PredictableNetworkInterfaceNames/

You may have better luck connecting if you make a small change to Network Manager. Open a terminal and run:

sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

At the bottom of this file, copy and paste the following:

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

Proofread carefully, save (Ctrl+o followed by Enter) and close (Ctrl+x) the text editor. Restart Network Manager:

sudo service network-manager restart

Any improvement?


Windows 8.1 / Ubuntu 14.04 dual boot: grub does not appear

First, a partition called SONYSYS suggests you've got a Sony. Unfortunately, many Sonys are known to have flaky EFIs, so you may be in for a fight. If the computer is new enough and you get even remotely frustrated by this, I STRONGLY urge you to return the computer to the store for a refund, then write to Sony to tell them you returned the machine because it was defective, with details. Manufacturers will continue to sell junk until they feel the pain (in the form of the costs of returned machines) of doing so. Unfortunately, far too many people roll over and jump through ridiculous hoops to avoid returning defective merchandise.

Second, it appears that your /dev/sda3 is your EFI System Partition (ESP), but your computer also has an ESP-like partition on /dev/sda1. It's unclear which of those two partitions holds the boot loader that actually boots Windows, but it looks like Ubuntu installed GRUB to /dev/sda3. I don't know enough about bcdedit to know whether it would modify the boot configuration to point to files on /dev/sda1 or /dev/sda3 in your case, so it's possible that this is the problem. You could work around this by mounting both partitions and copying the EFI/ubuntu directory from /dev/sda3 to /dev/sda1, then booting back to Windows and trying with bcdedit again.

Another option, if you haven't invested too much time in configuring Windows, is to re-install a stock version of Windows, rather than the Sony-customized version that's probably to blame for the sda1/sda3 shenanigans, and perhaps other idiosyncracies. Fortunately, you can download Windows media legally, as described here, among other places. This re-installation might simplify and regularize things enough to help cut through the problems.

If all of this fails, the easiest remaining option (other than returning the computer) is to engage in some ugly hacks that involve renaming the Windows boot loader and copying GRUB (or some other Linux-ready boot loader) in its place. The Boot Repair tool can do this. The option is on the Advanced menu and refers to backing up and renaming EFI boot files. (I don't recall the precise phrasing.)


You have to at least have an internet connection to download things, the installation can be done offline, but to have the package prepared you have to download—you get the idea.

Python interpreter should be included default as part of Ubuntu installation, please check this through which python, in my 18.04 box it returns.

:~$ which python3
/usr/bin/python3

Entering /usr/bin/python3.

:~$ /usr/bin/python3
Python 3.6.7 (default, Oct 22 2018, 11:32:17)
[GCC 8.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.


Where is the actual admin password located?

The password is not in /etc/password file in Unix systems ... some decades ago :)

The same policy is applied in Linux (Ubuntu too). Your passwords are encrypted in /etc/shadow file, and you need to be root to read the file. The passwords in /etc/shadow are hashed and this is an one-way operation. Ok, you will need (1) the string used for hash operation and (2) the hash algorithm used, and you can will try decrypt the /etc/shadow file (and remember, you will need root permissions for read this file).

You can find more details in this answer:

How to decode the hash password in ./etc/shadow


This (probably) is because Nautilus is set to display a preview of the file (even if there is none in your case)

Got to Nautilus --> Preferences --> Preview

and set "Show Thumbnails" to "never"...and here they are.


Does apt-get stop working after support ends?

Ubuntu is centered around updates. In order to trick people into upgrading to the newest version of Ubuntu rather than using an unsupported release, they like to move the repositories. They do the same thing with ubuntu iso downloads. You can update your sources.list to use the new location, then everything will work.

In terminal type: sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Change all the ubuntu.com entries so that they start with http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ . You may end up with some duplicate entries. After editing open the terminal and type "sudo apt-get update". You are now ready to install software again.