You can install RVM and Ruby using using following commands.

Installing the stable release version of RVM:

   \curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable

To get the latest development state:

   \curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash

Installing a specific version:

  \curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s -- --version latest
  \curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s -- --branch [owner/][repo]

Install RVM stable with ruby:

   \curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby

There are three different ways to install and configure RVM.

Single-User installations (recommended) - For an isolated install within a user's $HOME, not for root.
Multi-User installations - For server administrators - For an installation usable by all users on the system - Please note that Single-User supersedes Multi-User. This also used to be called the System-Wide Install. Using this type of installation.
Mixed mode installations - For an installation usable by all users on the system - with isolated rubies/gemsets within a user's $HOME. Installation instructions are exactly the same as for Multi-User installations, the difference is in users environment.


Linux provides a nice little command which makes our lives a lot easier.

GET:

with JSON:

curl -i -H "Accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://hostname/resource

with XML:

curl -H "Accept: application/xml" -H "Content-Type: application/xml" -X GET http://hostname/resource

POST:

For posting data:

curl --data "param1=value1&param2=value2" http://hostname/resource

For file upload:

curl --form "fileupload=@filename.txt" http://hostname/resource

RESTful HTTP Post:

curl -X POST -d @filename http://hostname/resource

For logging into a site (auth):

curl -d "username=admin&password=admin&submit=Login" --dump-header headers http://localhost/Login
curl -L -b headers http://localhost/


This answer is for 18.04 LTS.
I managed to install lubuntu on this machine with the following config:
internal ssd: 4Gb lvm physical volume (sda1)
sdcard:

500 Mb lvm physical volume(sdb1)
4Gb lvm physical volume (sdb2)
9.5GM lvm physycal volume (sdb3)
2Gb swap partition

which were used as follows:

boot volume group/logical only comprised of sdb1 - please notice that if there are any lvm partitions it is important that /boot is also in an lvm partition, to force the grub autoconfiguration to be prepared to handle lvm  filesystems. Maybe boot could simply belong in the root volume group. Though it would have to be expicitly linear and contained in the same partition as the mbr.

root volume group/logical volume, comprised of two sections:

sda1 and sdb2 striped.
sdb3 linear

The mbr config was installed on the sdcard.


Run as

transmission --minimized

This will launch it minimised to the notification area. For more information check out the man page

man transmission

For latest Ubuntu use

transmission-gtk --minimized


Cant find Ubuntu 14.04 LTS machine on local network from Windows 7 machine

Try clicking the windows 'bubble' in the lower left of the Win 7 machine screen and typing

\\ubuntu-machine-name  (of course, replacing 'ubuntu-machine-name' with your machine's name)

in the search box.

If the Ubuntu machine is truly reachable it should open a File Explorer window showing the shared folders on that Ubuntu machine.


How to Block Automounting of a Specific Drive (USB connection) With ** Three Mounted Partitions **

In the man fstab page we find the noauto parameter...

  The fourth field (fs_mntops).
          This  field  describes  the  mount  options  associated with the
          filesystem.

          It is formatted as a comma-separated list of options.   It  con‐
          tains at least the type of mount (ro or rw), plus any additional
          options appropriate to the filesystem  type  (including  perfor‐
          mance-tuning options).  For details, see mount(8) or swapon(8).

          Basic filesystem-independent options are:

          defaults
                 use  default  options: rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser,
                 and async.

          noauto do not mount when "mount -a"  is  given  (e.g.,  at  boot
                 time)

          user   allow a user to mount

          owner  allow device owner to mount

          comment
                 or x-<name> for use by fstab-maintaining programs

          nofail do  not  report errors for this device if it does not ex‐
                 ist.

Using sudo blkid you can easily determine the proper UUIDs to use.

You'll need to create these entries in /etc/fstab...

sudo -H gedit /etc/fstab

UUID=xxxx-xxxx /media/me/ESP vfat ro,noauto,nofail 0 0
UUID=xxxx-xxxx /media/me/DIAGS vfat ro,noauto,nofail 0 0
UUID=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx /media/me/WINRETOOLS ntfs ro,noauto,nofail 0 0
UUID=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx /media/me/OS ntfs ro,noauto,nofail 0 0

Update #1:

OP replaced Nautilus file manager with Thunar, and Thunar has a separate option to mount external drives. Disable that, and this all works as expected. Not a standard configuration.


Why am I missing Hermite polynomial GSL functions [libgsl-dev]?

The mentioned gsl/gsl_sf_hermite.h header file is available in newer Ubuntu releases:

in 17.10 (artful)
in 18.04 LTS (development release)


Can I have RAID 1 with LVM and 4 drives on 18.04 LTS Server?

Yes, you can. Just use LVM RAID

Basically, you do the following:

Create physical volumes of physical disk partitions. Do this the usual way using fdisk or if you prefer the graphical waya you can use Gnome disks or gparted. Then use pvcreate on the partitions.
Create volume groups of the physical volums. Use the command below in the terminal:

sudo vgcreate VG_NAME /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2

use your VG_NAME --> this could be anything you like

use your partitions names in place of /dev/sdb1 and /dev/sdb2

Create mirrored logical volumes.

  raid1

   Also  called  mirroring,  raid1  uses  multiple devices to duplicate LV data.  The LV data
   remains available if all but one of the devices fail.  The minimum number of devices (i.e.
   sub LV pairs) required is 2.

   lvcreate --type raid1 [--mirrors Number] VG [PVs]

   --mirrors specifies the number of mirror images in addition to the original LV image, e.g.
          --mirrors 1 means there are two images of the data, the  original  and  one  mirror
          image.

   PVs  specifies  the devices to use.  If not specified, lvm will choose Number devices, one
   for each image.


What is the default behaviour of apport / whoopsie in 18.04 / 19.10 regarding crash reporting

In 18.04, I see an option in the Whoopsie dialog to make it send the bug automatically next time. By default (or at least the first time) it asks you for permission.
I see the flag when I click on the Advanced button.


How to set up Launchpad to import from GitHub?

You need to use the "read-only git location" as shown on github. It is the same as the web URL (which you have used), but with .git appended to the end. You need to add this to the end of your URL.

To import a non-master branch, you must also append ,branch=branchname to the end of the URL.

Also, I think you may be confusing the term "master branch" with "branch named master" in this case. For your project, pulling https://github.com/fossfreedom/coverart-browser.git will give the contents of what you are calling release-0.6. I think omitting the ,branch=name piece will give what you want. However, when trying to branch your repository in bzr, I get the following error:

bzr: ERROR: Unknown extra fields in <Commit 3f47f3ed4e9e6f15a6c5229bf36d061ae4d86605>: ['gpgsig', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', ''].

This may cause importing to fail on Launchpad as well.


How can I use multiple accounts with Telegram?

Update of June 2020
Telegram destop now supports multiple account out of the box:
https://telegram.org/blog/profile-videos-people-nearby-and-more#multiple-accounts-on-telegram-desktop
Old Update
For macOS, use the official telegram for macOS: https://macos.telegram.org/ . It supports multiple accounts out of the box.
Old solution
With telegram desktop installed:
mkdir ~/.telegram2ndprofile
telegram -many -workdir ~/.telegram2ndprofile

Source


You're probably right about the USB not working correctly. The Startup Disk Creator program has a terrible reputation of being really bad at making working USBs.

The method I use to create my live usbs has worked %100 of time for me. It may be a little bit more intimidating if you are not familiar with the Terminal. It really isn't that complicated though.

My method uses the terminal command dd to write the iso to the USB. First, you need to have a Terminal open. You need to find the name that Ubuntu has given for the USB so you can tell dd to write to it.

sudo fdisk -l

The terminal will ask for your password, then it will show a lot of information. You want to find the device that has one or two partitions. It will probably be either sdb or sdc (sda is probably your hard drive).

After you are sure that you found the correct name of the usb you can run the dd to write the iso to it. You can change "Downloads" in the command to the directory you saved the ido file in. You must change the "sdx" to the device name you found using the previous command (don't use the numbers).

Please be careful! Using this command incorrectly can destroy the data on your computer or any device connected to it!

sudo dd if=~/Downloads/ubuntu-13.10-desktop-amd64.iso of=/dev/sdx oflag=direct  bs=1048576


directories of Freetype are not creating saying C compiler is not available

At first freetype is packaged.

If you need to compile it you should enable Source code repositories in Software & Updates (software-properties-gtk) then install build-essential package and freetype's build-dependencies with:

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get build-dep freetype

You can check that it builds sucessfully with

apt-get source freetype --compile

If you are trying to compile packages for embedded system you can consult its build-system and toolchain documentation. If you are trying to compile 32bit libraries on 64bit system - it will be simpler if you use debootstrap of schroot.


SEE:  https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=660145

AND:  https://github.com/keybase/client/commit/7894c1f57f3ca5ecb3b5fc87e4496769103b7fd4

for possible * WORK-AROUNDS * till fixed by upstream.


Clear Linux file system after shutdown / start

You can use a guest account for this. Add or remove programs from the admin account, then log in via the guest account. It is reset completely each time someone logs out of it, which is what you want.


installation freezes in kubuntu 15.10 on aspire laptop

If you're stuck with the kubuntu logo, during boot, hit e on grub screen (when you turn your computer on).
Then, remove the quiet and splash options at the end of the second line. Hit F10 to boot.

If it doesn't work, you will have error messages displayed.


I ran not only live USB but also complete installed Ubuntu from USB 2.0. It woks fine for most of the time.
making a live USB do not make any change to your present system. because you just write a ISO image on a USB using software like Unetbootin. During booting you have to select boot from USB option.
If you want a persistent system you have to install complete Ubuntu on a USB or Hard disk. Live USB do not save changes.
The installation of Ubuntu or any other OS only erase/ destroy data from your existing OS Hard Disk if you select to overwrite that disk. If you take care and install Ubuntu properly on another disk/ partition your existing OS shall be intact.
In some cases of dual Boot like Ubuntu and Windows some may face Boot problem. That can be repaired using Boot-Repair from Live USB.


Summary

The Swap Area is just fake RAM that lives on your hard drive. It is much slower than actual RAM, but is necessary in many cases to keep a computer running normally. A good rule of thumb is to have as much swap space as you do normal RAM.

Memory

Your computer has a couple different kinds of memory that we need to talk about. Your files and operating system are stored on your hard drive (commonly HDD). This is relatively slow and cheap, but is persistent between system shutdowns. Your computer also has RAM (Random Access Memory) which is much faster, more expensive, and loses its contents when your computer loses power. In order to run a program, it is first copied from your HDD to your RAM (which is much faster) so that it can execute in close to real time.

Swap

However, we should ask the question: what happens if you run out of RAM but want to open another program? The answer isn't good; your computer freezes until there is enough RAM to complete the operation (this is commonly called "thrashing"). Although you might only have a few Gigabytes of RAM, most computers have more HDD space than they know what to do with. So we can use some of that extra space as fake "RAM" in a pinch. That is what swap space is; emergency RAM that lives on your hard drive.

Now that we have some swap space on our hard drive, running out of RAM isn't as big of a deal. Now when we run out and wish to open another program, the operating system looks through all of the open programs currently in RAM, and chooses one that hasn't been used for a while. It then copies that program out of RAM and stores it in swap space, freeing up room for the new program. If in the future we want to access the "swapped out" program, the operating system simply copies it back to RAM, potentially swapping out other programs in the process.

Partition vs. File

When creating a swap space, you have two choices. You can make a separate partition on your hard drive, which is recommended in Ubuntu and necessary if you wish to hibernate your system. Or, you can create a Swap File (called the Pagefile in Windows) on your hard drive. Technically a swap partition will out-perform a swap file, but the difference will likely be negligible. Also note that if you have multiple linux distributions on the same hard drive, they can share a single swap partition (swap partitions do not have a file system).

Guidelines

If you are installing Ubuntu for the first time, you might as well make a swap partition. This is the default in the Ubuntu installer, and also my personal recommendation. On the other hand, if you do not have any swap space and would like to add some after installation, it may be much easier and faster to use a swap file.

In terms of size, if you have no idea how big to make it, a good baseline (and the default in the Ubuntu installer) is to have the same amount of swap as you do RAM. That being said, this is only a very general guideline, and depends on how you use your system. There is nothing wrong with having no swap space. If you start running out of RAM, just make your swap space larger.

See also

Ubuntu help - Official swap FAQ
AskUbuntu - how much swap you need
ServerFault - performance of partition vs. file
The comments for technical details on partition vs. file


View split left/right for nautilus home directory in Ubuntu18.04 LTS

That's because of nautilus minimum wide that doesn't fits split view. For example if you remove nautilus sidebar or change the display scale it will allow to split left/right. Don't know how to fix it.


How to boot to Ubuntu desktop not tty1-6

It sounds like you may have installed from the Ubuntu Server installation media, especially since it states that it's unable to locate the package. A GUI isn't installed by default with the server edition of Ubuntu. This is the link to the 32-bit Alternate Install ISO for the Desktop edition, which is what would be appropriate for your Pentium 4 based system. (I linked to the Alternate ISO since I believe the Live installer needs more than 512MB of RAM to install, you didn't state how much RAM was in the system, just playing it safe).

Also, if you had a way to connect that machine to the internet, you could install the Ubuntu Desktop with the command sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop.


"insufficient free space" error when trying to create new logical volume?

You already had allocated all PE in VG 0  to the logical volume.

Do lvs to find which LV that associated to the VG 0 and find the LV size to compared.


How to close arrows when we switched the workspaces 17.10

Look at either of these extensions:
https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/758/no-workspace-switcher-popup/

https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/959/disable-workspace-switcher-popup/

When viewing the web pages at the above links, click the OFF slider to ON. Only enable one at a time.
To view your installed extensions:
https://extensions.gnome.org/local/


Pointer & return key not working in Ubuntu 16.04

Never figured out the cause of my problem, but FWIW this is what worked: Plug in a USB mouse, but not a USB keyboard. This rendered the touchpad and return key temporarily functional. Then edit grub as described in the second solution here:

Edit /etc/default/grub to replace:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

with

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="i8042.reset quiet splash"

Save the file and then update grub using

sudo update-grub command

Then restart the system.


How can I execute a command from the text editor?

gedit script.sh

type your command in the file

chmod +x script.sh

or you can use an alias if you usually open steam by command line

open .bashrc with your text editor

gedit ~/.bashrc

add this line in the end

alias steam='"LD_PRELOAD=/usr/$LIB/libstdc++.so.6" steam'

The above idea to make an alias is a very good one, and can be built into your desktop launcher by editing the ~/.profile file, which is functionally similar to ~/.bashrc. Open ~/.profile in gedit and add the same alias steam='"LD_PRELOAD=/usr/$LIB/libstdc++.so.6" steam' to it, and it will automatically execute that way when you launch Steam from a desktop icon, or your dock/launcher/whatever.


I have a Lenovo E430 and I ran into the same issue. I posted on the UbuntuForums and a friendly user helped me out. The original post is here.

These are the steps I followed:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub (I know the link says gksu but it said not installed or something when I tried it, so I just used sudo)
Look for the line that says GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" and change it to this: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi_osi=\"!Windows 2012\""
sudo update-grub
restart

After that my brightness controls with the keys worked fine.

Note: Before (and after) I did this, I was still able to change the brightness via the slider found in "Brightness and Lock" within System Settings. It was how I worked around the lack of function keys doing their job until a user helped me with this solution.

Hope this helps!


Ubuntu One's iPhone music app does not cache songs. How do I configure it?

In the current version, songs are only cached manually.  You can cache a song for offline play by tapping the circle button to the right of the song in the list.  We are considering adding automatic caching to a future version of the app.


You must delete all drivers for this Broadcom and then:

apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source
echo blacklist acer_wmi >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf


What I did:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

It essentially upgraded the kernel without making my hands dirty with patching the kernel myself.

I am not sure if it will help with my boot fail issue - have to boot a few times to see but I will report back. As far as the question is concerned, it is resolved.


I have compiled the ratek driver http://cdn-cw.mediatek.com/Downloads/linux/2010_0709_RT2870_Linux_STA_v2.4.0.1.tar.bz2 .

It throws two errors but they could be corrected by replacing:

 "current_fsuid()" by "current_fsuid().val"

 "current_fsgid()" by "current_fsgid().val"

Then:

make clean
make
make install

At this point, I have compiled the driver.

Finally:

echo 'install rt2870sta modprobe --ignore-install rt2870sta ; /bin/echo "2001 3d04" > /sys/bus/usb/drivers/rt2870/new_id' | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rt2870sta.conf

Now, If I execute iwconfig it shows another interface "ra0"

Greetings:
Pilot6

Sources:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1342593


How can I make Nautilus automatically show hidden files?

Go to Edit -> Settings. Then select "Show hidden and backup files" on the Views tab to permanently set this. You can read more on the GNOME desktop guide as well.


Order of steps to display a picture behind text on LibreOffice

You are partly right, from the format menu choose WRAP:

Now you can choose how to blend text and picture, such as text through the picture, or in background.
Try them out to find the effect that pleases you!
This menu is also reachable by right clicking on your picture in the Libreoffice programs :-)
Happy Ubunting.


How do I drop all elevated privileges through the terminal?

I'm not quite sure I understood your question right. Could you clarify whether you have access to the console that granted the right to mount?

sudo privileges can be revoked with -k and -K switches.

Quoting man sudo:

  -K          The -K (sure kill) option is like -k except that it removes the user's timestamp entirely and may not be used in conjunction with a command or other option. This option does not require a password.

  -k          When used by itself, the -k (kill) option to sudo invalidates the user's timestamp by setting the time on it to the Epoch.  The next time sudo is run a password will be required. This option does not require a password and was added to allow a user to revoke sudo permissions from a .logout file.

This won't work with gksudo.


Remove original battery indicator from indicator applet

Open System Settings. In the Hardware section, click Power Management. Switch to the General tab and select "Never display an icon".


How to expand root partion in Ubuntu 19.10

It looks like you have:

A Primary Partition, which contains

/dev/sda1
/dev/sda2
/dev/sda3
/dev/sda4
Unallocated space

and a Secondary Partition, which contains

/dev/sda5

You'll need to seek advice on shrinking your Primary Partition. I'm not going to get more detailed, because I'm just guessing.

Re your picture: Observe the keys next to /dev/sda2 and /dev/sda5. They're indications that these partitions are mounted, and that gparted won't change /dev/sda while they're mounted.


I cannot see the files in some folders. How can I access them?

It could be a question of permissions. Go on the windows partition and check if the folders are protected and who can see. You may add "everyone" to the list of those who can access the files. (File,Properties,Sharing/Security)

You may also try to try to check if you can access files in Ubuntu as root:

Press Alt+F2
Type gksu nautilus


xargs with -P n can be used to run a program in parallel for multiple files. The following, for example, runs 8 instances of unzip in parallel.

cd directory-with-zip-files
find . -name '*.zip' -print0 | xargs -0 -n 1 -P 8 unzip


I changed my BIOS setting from RAID/AHCI to Native IDE and it booted up directly. From what I read, there's supposed to be a performance penalty using IDE, but I haven't used it long enough to say for myself.


Excluding certain files and directories when deleting files

As you already found out you can use the extglob feature which is enabled with:

shopt -s extglob

This allows to exclude matches so that you can do things like:

rm 100/!([ab].txt) 101/!([cd].txt)

It's a good idea to test it with echo first. This example will match anything inside 100/ which is not a.txt or b.txt and anything inside 101/ which is not c.txt or d.txt. If the same rules for 100/ apply to 102/ as well you can do e.g.:

10[02]/!([ab].txt) # or
{100,102}/!([ab].txt)


with the help of @arjarj 's comment, I checked the difference between my fstab entry and the mtab entry after a cli-mount.

The clearest was, I thought, the missing nfsvers=4, and without that option it works perfectly. Strange as the mount.nfs4 bin is there, but maybe the other side does not support it.

Final entry in fstab looks like:

192.168.178.4:/mountdir /mnt/mountdir  nfs auto,_netdev,noatime,nolock,bg,intr,tcp,actimeo=1800 0 0


Ubuntu won't let me edit or delete .vimrc file

User-specific changes like that should go in your personal .vimrc, which should be located in your home directory. If this file doesn’t exist yet you can simply create it. This will add your set line to ~/.vimrc creating this file if necessary:

echo 'set mouse=a' >>~/.vimrc

After that, either restart vim or source the file in a running instance with

:source ~/.vimrc

for the change to take effect.


How to prevent sed command overwriting the original file and output a new file?

I think you have got some misunderstandings.

The sed command only outputs the result in bash. It has nothing to do with original file. The > operator only writes the result to a file.

However, if you want, there is option -i which is able to edit the original file. With -i option comes backup suffix (optional).

$ cat UPPERCASE.txt
APPLE
$ sed 's/APPLE/apple/g' UPPERCASE.txt
apple
$ sed 's/APPLE/apple/g' UPPERCASE.txt > lowercase.txt
$ cat UPPERCASE.txt
APPLE
$ cat lowercase.txt
apple
$ sed 's/APPLE/apple/g' -i[BACKUP] UPPERCASE.txt
$ cat UPPERCASE.txt
apple
$ ls
UPPERCASE.txt UPPERCASE.txt[BACKUP] lowercase.txt

Here, the [BACKUP] file is the original file.


GParted taking forever to complete formatting operation

To re-initialize a disk drive to be a fresh, empty NTFS file system should take just seconds.
Warning... this will completely wipe your hard disk. Make sure that you select the correct hard disk!
Start gparted. Select the correct disk (ie: /dev/sdb) from the popup selector in the upper-right corner of the interface. Go to the Device menu and select Create Partition Table. If you're running a UEFI computer, and/or have a hard disk > 1TB, select the GPT partition table. Select the unallocated space on the hard drive. Then go to the Partition menu and select New and choose NTFS. Done.


How do I make Fn+f2/f3 change the brightness on my HP dv7-6135dx?

This question was solved by the OP:

Solution
The working solution was found in this bug report.  It reads as follows:

  WORKAROUND: Changing /etc/default/grub from:

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

  to:

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_backlight=vendor"

  save, sudo update-grub then restarting allowed brightness applet or keyboard Fn and Right or Left to change brightness.

Note that I did come across posts from people with a similar issue.  Some resolved, some unresolved, but most of the posts were for different model laptops.  Your mileage may vary.

Hardware/Software Configuration

Using 64-bit Ubuntu 11.10 with kernel version 3.0.0-12-generic, GNOME 3 shell (not Unity)
Hardware: HP dv7-6135dx Laptop, Intel Core-i5-2410, Mobile Intel HD Graphics/RADEON HD 6490M


How to make "Chameleonic Ambiance Script" select a lighter hue for dark wallpapers?

Put this code in get_color(self) function,

    additional_color = 70
    rgb_red = int(rgb_set[0]) + additional_color
    rgb_green = int(rgb_set[1]) + additional_color
    rgb_blue = int(rgb_set[2]) + additional_color
    if (rgb_red > 255): rgb_red = 255
    if (rgb_green > 255): rgb_green = 255
    if (rgb_blue > 255): rgb_blue = 255

    color_hex = '%02x%02x%02x' % (rgb_red, rgb_green, rgb_blue)

Before :

After :

You can change additional_color if you want ligher/darker color.

Here is full script.


Is there any difference in using switch user and login?

Of course, using multiple user profiles at the same time will consume more resources than just having one user logged in at a time. This is because a standard user will have certain processes running on the background (like Xorg), no matter whether it is active or not, which consumes memory.

Logging out users that are unnecessary for your current work is recommended if you are low on resources or running processes that are very resource-intensive like compiling or playing a video game.

Another benefit to logging out users who don't need to be logged in is that it ensures you end any process that could be interfering with operations by another user. For example, if one user has a Nautilus window open for a volume that is not really being used, others users will not be able to unmount the volume (unless they use sudo and kill the Nautilus process, which is sort of like logging that user out, but way uglier).


How to make Package Converter (Alien GUI) work in Ubuntu 16.04?

The alien syntax is pretty simple.  I didn't even know it had a GUI.  Maybe this will help.

pwd Print Working Directory, shows you where you are in the filesystem.  / is the root or base of the filesystem.  You should start off in /home/your_user_name/ when you open a terminal window.

ls List, shows what is in the current directory.

cd Change Directory, lets you move around the file system.

Download the RPM you want to convert to your Downloads folder, then go there in the terminal like so:

cd /home/your_user_name/Downloads/
ls -al

This will take you to your Downloads directory and let you see the file with all it's properties.  With the alien and rpm packages installed do this:

Now you should be able to install it if you have all the dependencies:

dpkg -i packagename.deb

Its too bad it isn't maintained any more.  Alien is pretty awesome.


Check if connection worked if not return error

You can make use of the exit status which will only be zero if the command executed correct.
So in you script you just execute the command and if exit status $? is not zero you know the connection was not properly made.

example:

iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 10.0.0.30
if test $? -ne '0'
then
        echo "Error"
else
        iscsiadm -m node -l -T iqn.2014-02.com.example -l -p 10.0.0.30:3260
fi


Log boot messages on tty1 instead of tty7

If you are comfortable changing your kernel boot params, you can add any number of console=ttyX. The last one specified gets 'boot' messages, for example:

root=/dev/sda1 console=ttyS0,57600n8 console=tty1

Kernel and boot messages will go to tty1


Windows of an application have minimum size and I can't find the window anymore

I did an investigation in LibreOffice version 6.4 and found out that the following line in file ~/.config/libreoffice/4/user/registrymodifications.xcu stores the window coordinates for calc:
<item oor:path="/org.openoffice.Setup/Office/Factories/org.openoffice.Setup:Factory['com.sun.star.sheet.SpreadsheetDocument']"><prop oor:name="ooSetupFactoryWindowAttributes" oor:op="fuse"><value>0,37,800,600;1;0,0,0,0;</value></prop></item>

You have to have all LibreOffice application windows closed before editing this file.
Open this file and try to locate this line. In my file it was at line position 1258. Note that the values inside <value>…</value> will be different for you. You can change yours to the values displayed above, which will give you a roughly 800×600 application window located at the upper left corner of your screen.
After you save the file, open calc and resize its window according to your needs.


Installation freezes at 33% of partition formatting step

It's a known bug.  If the partition already has a filesystem on it, this step will hang in 14.04 iirc, but it has been fixed in 16.04, so you probably should use that instead.  As a workaround, run wipefs on the partition to clear it, then the install should work.


How do I archive/compress files using the right click menu in Nautilus-elementary?

I found it. It just doesn't show up if you select a file that's somehow an archive already i.e. self-extracting exe, some normal exe files, etc.


Difference between "Gtk+ theme" and "Current theme" entries in Gnome Tweak Tool

What is the difference? Also, some themes are available as "current" and others as Gtk+ ones.

To me this is a bug because, as it is it confuses the user. The menu labeled GTK Theme is the theme that is applied to change the overall look of the windows and the one labeled Current Theme is the theme of the window borders, I believe it was previously (and properly) called Windows Theme.

  Also, why do some themes change just some aspects, e.g. most that I install manually don't affect window borders.

  What should I use to "fully" set a theme?

Most themes include the GTK theme and a window border to go along with it, to change it you have to select it from Gnome Tweak Tool.


What music players (or related applications) are there that would allow displaying/editing embedded lyrics of music tracks?

I use aTunes, which is a java-based Music Player, that also fetches lyrics from an internet-database for most of my music. It is highly customize-able, meaning, that you can change the column view(s) to your liking, add different lyric sources, add/play radio stations etc..

The lyrics are stored here: ~/.atunes/aTunes.log.
However, it is even easier to add new lyrics and edit older once (i forgot to mention it in the first place).

Right click on your track of choice and choose either Edit Tag or Set Lyrics automatically from the pop-up dialog.
In your case it would be Edit Tag, which opens another dialog, where you can copy/paste your lyrics to, which are then shown like suggested in the next screenshot (under Song)

You also request quick access to specific tracks, which can be archived through the Filter search-filed or by changing the view option of the column. As you can see in the screenshot below, there are a few great features, like:

Song
Album
Artist
YouTube
Similar
and another one, which you can look up yourself (:

Interface GUI:


I attempted a dual boot installation of Ubuntu on separate SSDs, but Windows 10 is missing from the grub menu options. How can I fix this?

This might work and there's no risk in trying:

Begin powered down.
<---- that's important

Plug in or make bootable so that both OS are available from power on, such as plugging in that Ubuntu HDD with the Windows 10 already on internal HDD. or two HDDs or two partitions - you get the idea.

Only then power up and get into the to BIOS
--> BIOS boot tab---> disable secure boot ---->look for the Ubuntu drive in listed drives -----> should see both OS in the list ---> bring Ubuntu top of list<-.... save and exit. Reboot and pray to the RNG. If it worked the grub boot manager should start and both OS be list if the medium that stores it is plugged in or however you choose to structure it before booting.
It will either work or do nothing. Either way the outcome is not detrimental.

It's basic , but worked for me with live boot flash drive and HDD dual OS booting. Best to try the simple methods first before diving into lines of code.


Unable to start Ubuntu 12.04. The system is running in low-graphics

In fact, your Apache server is working fine!

You can check this for yourself, I assume you don't have a desktop installed? If you do, just use Firefox and navigate to http://localhost and you should see the default server message. If you don't have a desktop installed, install lynx which is a command line web browser. lynx http://localhost will show you if the web server is working.

The reason for doing this from the server is that you haven't got to worry about any other networking issues.

What the Apache is telling you is that it cannot work out what the default server domain should be. This is fine on a development machine.

If you want to get access to this server from outside the local machine, you need to add appropriate ServerName directives in an appropriate Apache configuration file. Update your question if this is what you need and I will update the answer with more detail. You will need to say what kind of networking you are using though.


Showing  not able to use localhost for multiple applications!

It means 8090 port is not available yet, maybe any service running on it. you can resolve this error by changing port in overlord/runtime.properties.
You can add this.


Audio playback issues in 12.10: Mic feeds back through the headphones, but I can't hear any other audio

You could try installing Pavucontrol from Software Centre and check all of your sound card settings with that to make sure everything is setup 100% and nothing has changed after the crash...


How can I access my ubuntu server remotely?

with linux you have a million ways to do what you want.
Which way you really prefer comes down to what exactly you are trying to achieve - what level of interaction with the server that is.

If you want to share shares from these disks through the internet, You primarily need a dynamic dns. So read up on that and check out dyndns.com OR no-ip.com (others exist as well). The service is free and what you get is a fully qualified domain name f.e. myhome.no-ip.org, which resolves to your homes ip address. So you can use this FQDN from anywhere in the world  to access your home server.

Afterwards (coming to what you seek),
of you want to have access to your files from your webbrowser, so as to upload/download them (or stream them directly), you need a service like webdav. It is also probably safer to use webdav along with ssh. If I understood correctly you have a Mac so this should help. http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20040920100413622

If you just want to download/upload file you also have the option of ftp (or rather the safer derivative sftp). Enable ssh on your server, do the necessary port forward on your router and get filezilla (or other) client on your far end to connect to your server.

across permanent networks, f.e. say from your friends houses, you can set up a vpn server on your fileserver, and give intranet access to your friends. Then, you'll be able to see your fileserver from your friend's computers as if the former was part of their home networks...

The above are rather universal solutions that can be used from Windows, *nix, linux and Mac OS users. So you find among these options the one that suits you best.

Of course one should not forget the options of cloud storage. The option of storing non crucial files online, where you can access it from high bandwidth locations is really catchy and should not be overlooked.

I am sure there are other ways that I overlooked. But I hope This provides a few possible paths.


This is a known issue with this device, even in Windows. Please see: https://communities.intel.com/message/192239#192239 There are several complaints as well at ubuntuforums.org. Some things that may be helpful are to disable 802.11N capability. Please open a terminal and do:

sudo -i
echo "options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1"  >>  /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
modprobe -r iwldvm
modprobe -r iwlwifi
modprobe iwlwifi
exit

Some users seem to be helped by explicitly setting the regulatory domain from here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2  For instance, if your country code is ES, then:

gksudo gedit /etc/rc.local

Right above the line exit 0, add a new line:

iw reg set ES

Of course, substitute your code here. After a reboot, is there any improvement?

Should you wish to re-enable N speeds, which may bring back the instability, please do:

gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

Remove the line you added:

options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1

Proofread, save and close gedit. Upon reboot, N capabilities will be available again.


14.04 inside docker "TERM environment variable not set"

Short of having to edit a config after launching the container, instead you can just define the missing environment variable when you run the debian based container

-e TERM=xterm

as in this example

export DUMMY_SERVER_NAME=itswednesday

docker run \
  -d \
  --name $DUMMY_SERVER_NAME \
  -e TERM=xterm \
  --expose=80 \
  debian /bin/bash -c "while [[ true ]]; do sleep 1; done"


~/.pam_environment is not workig for root

Official documentation says

  ...sudo has a default policy of resetting the Environment and setting
  a secure path (this behavior is defined in /etc/sudoers).

And

  ...you can setup sudo not to reset certain environment variables by
  adding some explicit environment settings to keep in /etc/sudoers.

Just do this

user@here:$ sudo su
root@here:$ visudo

And add this line:

Defaults env_keep += "ZSH"

To check if your variable exists do exit, than sudo su again and run export or

printenv ZSH


Ubuntu xrdp mate desktop display problem - I am seeing double

Sometimes it is the real simple things that does it just like restarting the photocopier...In this instance, all I had to do was to go in the Control Center -> Appearance -> Mate Tweak and change the Panel from Mutiny to Traditional and then back to Mutiny. Problem solved.


Can I cap the monthly network transfer of a process?

The 'tc' command should do what you want.

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/man8/tc.8.html


How to add new external editor to Shotwell

Shotwell looks into the list: ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list

As a test, I added a (non sense) line:

image/jpeg=gedit.desktop;

Which made gedit appear in the list:

What you should do:

Make sure your .desktop file is in ~/.local/share/applications
Open the file ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list (open it with e.g. gedit). Add a line to the file, like:

image/jpeg=<your_desktopfile.desktop>;

That should make you able to set your application as an external editor in Shotwell. (You might have to logout / in)


How to install ubiquity to Full install bootable USB

You can install Ubiquity and that in turn will install all the lower level packages it needs to install Ubuntu to another drive.

sudo apt-get install ubiquity ubiquity-frontend-gtk

Running it is a manner of running

ubiquity --desktop gtk_ui

The manpage is a bit inconsistent on this, but it looks like you don't run it as root, and it will call gksudo itself when necessary, but if that doesn't work try calling it with gksudo.


Not updating display settings when disconnecting external monitor

There is an old bug on Launchpad - bug #306735 -  which was marked invalid, the explanation being that it is a known problem but fairly complex (more explanation here).

So, as far as I know, there is not an automatic method for what you asked in the true sense. But you can use autorandr (you have to install disper first - run sudo apt-get install disper from terminal), a script by Stefan Tomanek. Using this script (autorandr) you can add a keyboard shortcut for autorandr --change command and all you have to do when you connect or disconnect an external monitor is to press that keyboard shortcut. All of these are explained very nice in this answer (I just tested in Ubuntu 13.04 and everything goes well).

After you test the script in terminal, you must to see the following post if you want to add a custom keyboard shortcut for the script:

How can I change what keys on my keyboard do? (How can I create custom keyboard commands/shortcuts?)


Remove completed downloads from rutorrent

To call rtcontrol from an event handler or some method definition, either use the --detach option, or some form of execute.bg= (the latter especially if you call rtcontrol indirectly via a shell script).

BTW, this applies to any kind of code that you run from rtorrent and then in turn calls back to rtorrent via XML-RPC.


NTFS partition suddenly unusable, "Error: end of file while reading /dev/sdX"

TLDR: I was able to restore the disk (with data) by writing with gdisk (w command).

As was discussed in the question and comment section, this is the scenario: I had accidentally destroyed the GPT header of the disk by issuing a dd with 0s on /dev/sdb.

I ran gdisk(8) on the disk, which informed that the GPT header was corrupt, but the backup was fine and loaded the backup. In the gdisk CLI, I ran a w command (which writes the partition table information to disk) and exited. After that, /dev/sdb was instantly recognized and mounted by Ubuntu, and no other changes were necessary.


Sendmail relaying email through A record not MX

Sendmail converts CNAME  (DNS alias) to real name.
domain.com -> server.domain.com

Remove the CNAME OR add MX records for server.domain.com


GPAC is in the Official Ubuntu Repository you dont need to implement difficult compilation methods to install it:

sudo apt-get install gpac


Installing Ubuntu to multiple PC's via HDD cloning

I would suggest using a bootable sector based cloning tool or a file based tool that can backup the mbr, but I can't recommend any specific tools as I haven't had such a need in years. I used to use something free made by EaseUS.

I'm not familiar enough with hostnames to address your networking concerns.

The options you've listed will both work, but there are some things to bear in mind:

Remastersys doesn't support UEFI
Remastersys is no longer updated and as such may or may not work with 14.04 (worked fine for me on 13.10).
Remastersys won't include any graphics drivers you install (eg fglrx).
There is a size limit imposed on the squashfs file when using remastersys. I think the max size for the compressed squashfs is 4gb, but don't quote me on that. It sounds small but squashfs gets great compression.
Clonezilla doesn't clone grub2 from the mbr, it re-installs it.

Regarding your concerns:

Clonezilla will set the proper UUID when writing.
Remastersys is easier to use than clonezilla in my mind, assuming you use the gui.


Do you have a writable blank CD in the drive? It will ask you that when you don't have a cd. It could also be that your data is larger than a blank CD and need a DVD.


"Make Startup Utility" does not save LiveUSB changes

Don't know if this will help, but have you try to change the order of "persistent" and place it after "file=..." like in here ?


Samsung Galaxy Tab 3: It opens with a media player

On your Samsung phone, before to connect it to your PC, go to Menu → Settings → Wireless and network → USB utilities.
Tap on Connect Storage to PC.
Connect the USB cable to your PC.
Tap on Connect USB storage.
Use Nautilus - the default file manager in Ubuntu - to view/copy/paste files from your phone.
Once finished, tap on Disconnect storage from PC to disconnect and unmount drive from Ubuntu.

Source: http://www.tuxtrix.com/2011/07/how-to-access-samsung-galaxy-s-ii-usb.html


Live CD/USB (for example - download Ubuntu Live CD from offical site) is a good way to get your data back. If your file system is corrupted, look onto testdisk.


Internet stopped working via USB after sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

I had this same problem and it turned out that after the kernel was updated, the necessary drivers that supported my motherboard ethernet (qualcomm atheros killer e220x) or either of my USB Ethernet dongles was no longer in the system (AXIS chipsets).  Ultimately I found a thread that suggested I needed the ALX driver and when I tried to use modprobe to install it it could not find it.

I did a locate on 'alx' and it showed up in /lib/modules//kernel/drivers/net/ethernet/... for my older 4.4.0-130 kernel, but not for my newer 4.4.0-133 kernel.

I looked all over the web for where to get the alx drivers and they are not available except perhaps as a back-port.  I welcome input from anybody who can add to this comment where they are at and how to download/build/install them for the 4.4.0-133 kernel.

Utlimately I reboooted the system, selected "Advanced booting....", picked the 4.4.0-130-generic kernel and booted with that and immediately all the drivers installed and I got my ethernet back.

I had been doing system updates for a while before reboot.  No issues because I was still running the older kernel. Then one day had to reboot and when it came back my Internet was gone.

I hope this helps get someone on the right path and anybody who can contribute is totally welcome to do so, I have no ego... I would like to be able to use a newer kernel.  I don't know why it stopped installing my ax and alx drivers.  The kernel header files are there but the /lib/modules/uname -r/... is missing.

Changing the default boot kernel on grub is shown here:

Set "older" kernel as default grub entry

You can find the menu names by looking through this file:  /boot/grub/grub.cfg


ACPI issue, help to fix broken DSDT on an HP Pavilion DV6-6008el

You could try installing the fglrx drivers and tweaking the acpi options with aticonfig. Here is the link to the unofficial AMD wiki http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Main_Page. It has helped me a lot. Please let me know if this helps. Thanks


From what I've gathered on the web, Chromium checks frequently (every 2 hours or so) its own build time against current time. Older then 12 weeks? Show popup. The reason is security - running an outdated browser increases your risk.

The best (and the only correct) way to solve this is running an up-to-date chromium build. However, you may run a raspberry pi (raspbian buster at the time of writing) and the repos do not have an update.

I'm running a kiosk mode chromium, no mouse, no keyboard, and its displaying my own webpage. In this situation, I can accept the risk of an outdated browser and... try to suppress the message. Different suggestions didn't work (e.g. --disable-component-update does not), more info:

https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=264399

https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=943668

Right now I'm trying

chromium-browser --disable-infobars --check-for-update-interval=1209600 --simulate-outdated-no-au='Tue, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 GMT' --kiosk 'http://localhost:5000/'

The update check interval is two weeks and my raspi runs updates+reboot once a week. Not sure if the simulate oudated hack works, I just combined all of the solutions now :-S


Is Thunderbird still being updated? Mine hasn't updated and a new update issued last week

You will definitely get updates faster if you have the products own repository.

Thunderbird is here - https://launchpad.net/~mozillateam/+archive/thunderbird-stable

Then

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade


How to install VBox Guest Additions in Ubuntu 12.10

In order to install VirtualBox Guest Additions successfully, you need the linux-headers-generic package, which can be found in the Software Center. If it doesn't show up after you type it in, click on the lower left corner where it says "Show Technical Items", then it should list it. Install the package.

Alternatively, you can go to the Ubuntu Packages site Here (For 64-Bit Ubuntu). If you have 32-Bit Ubuntu, go to this link Here. Regardless of which link you click, click on "quantal" and download the package. Double-Click on the downloaded package and install it.

Either way (once it is done), you can now install VirtualBox Guest Additions without a problem.

Hope this helps.


A related question is How do I disable client side decoration globally in GNOME? and one answer refers to using gtk3-nocsd.

gtk3-nocsd is in the repositories and can be installed using sudo apt install gtk3-nocsd. Logging out and logging back in is needed to enable it.

The present question refers to Evince which is an application using client-side decorations (CSD) by default. After enabling gtk3-nocsd and logging out and logging in, the maximize, minimize, and close buttons are still in the top-right corner.

However, Lubuntu has the obconf package that allows the user to alter what appears in a window's title bar, assuming CSD has been disabled.

Pressing Alt+F2 and typing obconf will launch the Openbox Configuration Manager. The Appearance tab allows the user to move the maximize, minimize, and close buttons to the top-left corner of the title bar by changing the original order from "NLIMC" to "CIMLN" or whatever the user desires.

The image below shows both PCManFM (foreground) and Evince (background) with the buttons on the left.

Just for completeness, Okular is a qt-based application and currently doesn't apply CSD. And here are a KDE member's thoughts on the matter.


Why do people say 'make install' is bad?

./configure; make; make install is bad because it is difficult to undo unless:

the developer provided an uninstall target, or
you provided a prefix to configure, so all the installed files are tucked away in a neat corner of the filesystem.

One should use checkinstall instead. Install it:

sudo apt-get install checkinstall

And then use checkinstall instead of make install:

./configure
make
checkinstall

(With appropriate usage of sudo.) And then you can use the package system to remove it:

sudo dpkg -r <name-of-package>


What would make a font available for desktop options, but not in an app like LibreOffice?

Assuming the font was place in one of the folders the font cache looks in, i.e. ~/.fonts, the only thing I can suggest is a reboot. That may be required for LibreOffice to recognize the updated font cache.


I would like to know if Americas Army 3 can be played on Ubuntu 11.10?

Sort of but it's probably not worth it...

The game itself mostly works. Moving, shooting, etc.
There are problems with the HUD that means it doesn't show (fairly inconvenient) and like most games through Wine, there are some performance issues that may stop you playing on a low-end computer.
Online play doesn't work unless you play on a non-PunkBuster server. This likely means you can only play with other people desperate enough to play through Wine and cheats who hack the game. Online play will probably not be plentiful and it probably won't be fun.


This fix is actually the patch below, which was part of the 3.3 release (3.3-rc1 was its first appearance):

commit 652aa6a9ac4a5f8d3e1fa3f6466646519e83c01e
Author: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Date:   Fri Dec 9 00:10:28 2011 -0800

    hid-input/battery: add FEATURE quirk

As this patch is not marked as a stable patch it would not normally be applied routinely to older releases.  If this fix does fix an issue for you you could submit it to the Ubuntu kernel team, the easiest way would be to file a bug against the linux package and describe the issue, then send the patch to kernel-team@lists.ubuntu.com referencing the bug for consideration.

See 'Submitting a Patch to the Ubuntu Kernel' section of the wiki page below for more details on the process:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/Dev/KernelPatches


Press tab until you reach "OK".Then press Enter


NetworkManager permissions error on Xenial

Maybe because the NetworkManager.service file for systems contains ProtectSystem=true, which causes systemd to mount /usr as read-only.

When building, you can specify where NetworkManager installs paths like /var/run. See ./configure --help.

If this is an learning exercise, then good. Otherwise I would just use the packages provided by your distribution... apt-get install network-manager.


How to successfully install itunes on ubuntu 12.04?

Sadly iTunes is very proprietary and tends to break with each update after you've just managed to get it to play nicely with Wine or PlayOnLinux. Until they bring out a native Linux version, you're just going to be hurting all the time.

Give some serious consideration to dumping iTunes for music and install Google Music to listen to and buy from instead. You can copy all your existing iTunes music into your Google Account and then stream/copy it to your iPhone via the Google Music app.


Deploying own debian package to Launchpad

The error message you got:

dpkg-source: error: can't build with source format '3.0 (quilt)': no upstream tarball found at ../netatmo-indicator_0.1.orig.tar.{bz2,gz,lzma,xz}

Debian packager way
In the normal workflow, packager starts by downloading *.orig.tar.gz archive then extracting. So original archive is already in place.

Debian packages can be split into two kinds: native '3.0 (native)' and non-native '3.0 (quilt)'.
They have a slight different way in building. Check DebianMentorsFaq or man dpkg-source.

Anyway, just create an original source archive in the parent folder with exact naming and using one of the allowed formats. Example: netatmo-indicator_0.1.orig.tar.gz

Upstream Developer way

There are other helping tools to build Debian package directly from the source tree without original archive. Look for: git-buildpackage, bzr-builddeb, ...


If you just want to change the name that appears at startup, go to System Settings -> User Accounts.

Click the "Unlock" button at the top right of that box. Then click the name to the right, and retype it.

This won't affect your shell/system username at all, only your display name; if you were looking to change the system username too you will need to do something more along the lines of the other answer... though personally I would say it'd be safer to just make a new account and start over in that case; there could be (non-system) files elsewhere that reference your old username in some fashion or other, and these won't necessarily be updated with your new username if you do change it.


You can select java version using update-alternatives command.

Run below command in terminal.

sudo update-alternatives --config java

And type selection number that you want to use.

Like this:

Caution:
The above description is the procedures for changing a default version.
It is not an answer of this question, but it leaves for reference.


Network printer gets disabled occasionally

I have the same problem but I found a workaround with adding the command

cupsenable [PRINTERNAME]

to /etc/crontab to be executed every 5 minutes.
I had to get it to work because this problem occurs even in 11.04 and 11.10 and we're using Ubuntu in a training classroom.
The printer is never switched off so that cannot be the source of the problem.
[PRINTERNAME] has to be replaced with the name of the printer in the settings.
For example, if the printer is labeled "HP-Laserjet-3005P" you can type

sudo su
*type password*
echo -e "#Fix CUPS disabling\n*/5 *\t* * *\troot\tcupsenable HP-Laserjet-3005P" >> /etc/crontab

to make sure printing will start at least after 5 minutes (if you want shorter times just replace the 5 with a 2 for 2 minutes or 1 for 1 minute).


After entering BusyBox during Ubuntu Server 14.04 install process, how can I leave it?

Okay, so I discovered that the install itself runs from within BusyBox (ash), not vice versa.  So to 'return' to the installer one can run

/sbin/debian-installer

Edit: I have since discovered Alt + F1 also works.


Well, I guess I figured it out. As far as I can asses it, there are two reasons it is not working:

Bug 1575616 - error: Couldn't find the requested image
on my research I did find this bug; while it describes a different problem, their solution works also for this problem, so I used: sudo lxc remote remove images; after which it worked nicely.

apparently only supported releases are working
after using above fix, i tested your command and it failed with error: not found (not a fingerprint, partial fingerprint (first 12 chars) or valid alias), so i poked around a bit with the different release code-names and found only the releases promoted on images.linuxcontainers.org working.

Hope this was helpful.


I found this: http://www.addictivetips.com/ubuntu-linux-tips/monitor-kerberos-authentication-tickets-in-ubuntu-linux-with-network-authentication/

Unfortunately it is not integrate in Unity!


Cannot assign address inside a Docker container

In the end, since rsub was working on the remote host, the simplest solution was to:

log on to the remote host (without starting the container)
use rsub to edit any files on the remote host, in a session of Sublime on my local pc
then build the container again.

It's a bit slow, because each time I make changes I need to rebuild, but:

the remote host has a lot of computational power, so rebuilding is quick;
it's a better way to work anyway: each time I commit changes to the project, I should rebuild the container anyway. This prompts me to commit changes more often, which is always a good idea :-)


Very misleading install options for installing alongside Windows

As mentioned in Installing Ubuntu Alongside a Pre-Installed Windows with UEFI you might have suffered from several issues mainly:

No partition/space left for Ubuntu to install. You saw Debian because it was not EFI installed. Since Windows was installed with EFI and there was no space left, the real option you should have seen would be "Format the whole drive and install Ubuntu". But since Debian was seeing, it chose that one.
The correct step in this problem would have been to first eliminate Debian from within Windows using the Windows partition tool. Leaving with this an empty partition for Ubuntu to install in. This is basically setting the system so it looks like Windows 8 is all that is in there and an empty partition for the EFI install of Ubuntu to use.

There IS a way to go back to what you have before (Windows + Debian) but you need to act quickly and without doing much else with the drive.

First insert the LiveUSB version of Ubuntu and install in it testdisk. You need to be running on EFI mode in order to recover Windows. After installing testdisk go to the terminal and run sudo testdisk and follow the steps provided to search for deleted partitions. It will find several partitions, of which you need to recover the boot partition of Windows and the system one (If not more depending on how Windows was installed).

This also happened to me with to a friend and we were able to recover Windows. In his case he had Fedora which he lost. The same for you with Debian. But at least Windows was recovered.

In the case it does not boot afterwards please see https://superuser.com/questions/713919/efi-gpt-windows-7-boot-loader-manager-issue-and-grub


How to backup program data, such as Chromium and Thunderbird etc?

Backup Thunderbird

Copy the below folder [to show the hidden folder press  "Ctrl+H"]

/home/your user/.thunderbird/

Backup Chromium

just sign in with your google account or copy the below folder

/home/your user/.config/google-chrome/Default


Upgrading Ubuntu without it removing packages

No.

When Ubuntu upgrades it disables third party repositories and PPAs. Sometimes (but not all the time with certain packages) it will need to remove these packages in order for the upgrade to proceed.

In certain cases like Cinnamon (which I can see is in 13.10) an inplace upgrade is possible, but that really depends on the differences between the packages in the PPA and the ones in the distribution.

See also:

What are PPAs and how do I use them?
Are PPA's safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?


Where are the "mod_wsgi" files on Ubuntu?

You do not need to find a path  if it does not do it on its own during install then a2enmod module_to_load and Apache does it all for you. I would think it is the first package listed unless wanting the Python 3 version, as it seems too match the naming of the modules I have installed in the past on Apache. I would think they did not change the name much in Ubuntu
root@buster-raspi:~# apt-cache search mod_wsgi
libapache2-mod-wsgi - Python WSGI adapter module for Apache
libapache2-mod-wsgi-py3 - Python 3 WSGI adapter module for Apache
python-okasha - trivial WSGI web framework for Python
python-okasha-examples - trivial WSGI web framework for Python (examples)
pycsw-wsgi - WSGI Apache CSW service based on pycsw


How to increase font size of preview options when using an input method?

I found this bug:

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1409121

with the advice to install this extension:

https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1121/ibus-font-setting/


Linking torrents of both Ubuntu and Windows

If you use version of qBittorrent lower than 4.1.0 try to update both Linux and Windows clients. Run "force recheck" after update on torrents causing error.

If this solution din't work for you, try to check the owner of the torrent files. I guess that your storage filesystem is NTFS. Each operating system can set their own user as the owner of the files and this can lead to error.

The other option is to use other clients such as Transmission or Deluge they can work fine and also very well designed and Open Source.


How to run preinstalled Windows 7 through Ubuntu logged in system?

Though I am not a windows user, I guess you can do something similar with some kind of virtualization technology. I guess some desktop virtualization software like VirtualBox (or vmware, etc) can be used. However you may have got problems that you want to run the preinstalled windows OS ... I am not sure if it's possible with VirtualBox or similar software, as far as I remember I've read somewhere that it's possible in theory though you will have problems: "inside" the virtual machine, win7 will see different hardware "environment' than it would, if it runs on the "bare iron". Some kind of multiple hardware profiles (in windows, I mean) may help. I've just found this, maybe it's useful:

http://www.squidoo.com/use-existing-windows-installation-and-apps-in-ubuntu


Search a file using two strings on the same line from another file with grep or another tool

Probably the simplest thing to do is convert file1.txt to a newline-separated stream, and pass that to grep -f via stdin:

$ tr -s '[:blank:]' '\n' < file1.txt | grep -Ff- file2.txt
a c
b h


Error when doing port forwarding with iptables?

The line which starts with -t nat shouldn't be under the filter table, as denoted by the first line.

Change the file to the following:

*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

#Allow 443 and 80
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

COMMIT

*nat
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]

#Redirect 1731 to  8443
-A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 1731 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8443

COMMIT


How to setup extended desktop to untilize 12 monitors?

What exactly do you mean:

do you mean you want all your monitors to have the same display?
do you want to combine all monitors and make it seem like its one monitor?

For answer to 1. :

open System Settings and click on "Displays" (for Ubuntu 11.10, 12.04 and 12.10)
select "Mirror displays"
apply the configuration

For answer to 2. :

open System Settings and click on "Displays" (for Ubuntu 11.10, 12.04 and 12.10)
Place the (virtual) monitors shown (in Displays) in correct order of display (matching with the placement of real monitors)
make sure the the "Mirror displays" is not checked and that all (virtual)monitors are switched on
you could place launchers on all displays or on selected one
apply the configuration

vote up if this works for you.


"Command not found" error in the installation process

./Makefile.am is the wrong approach. Start the commands below to build the project:

cd /home/me/Desktop/mfcuk-master
automake
autoconf
./configure
make

Running

./mfcuk -C -R 0:A -v 2

Source


"No space left on device" on device with lots of space

Check the file system has enough free inodes available, using the following:

df -i /

If your partition has 100% IUse then you have run out of inodes and the only easy way forward is to try and remove some unnecessary files to free up the inodes. I am pretty sure it is impossible to add inodes on most file systems after it has been created, so deleting files may be the only way forward.


How can I split an animated .gif file into its component frames?

Try opening them with The Gimp; I believe it will open animated gifs with one layer per frame.

You say you don't want to dump all frames to files on a directory, but I'll tell you how to do it anyway :) install either ImageMagick or graphicsmagick, then:

for ImageMagick:

convert animation.gif target.png

for graphicsmagick:

gm convert animation.gif target.png

it'll write frames to target0.png,target1.png,... and so on. You can then enter the directory and run eog, it'll show you all the frames on the same application. When you no longer need the frames, just rm target*.png.


Repaired GRUB, now how can I boot into other OSs?

When you can boot into Ubuntu, you can run the following command line from a terminal window,

sudo update-grub

and it should find the other operating systems and create grub menu entries. After the next reboot you should be able to select the other operating systems.

See the following link for more details,

help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Setup

Scroll down and you will find details about update-grub and further down details about /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober, which is called from update-grub. This script uses os-prober to search for Linux and other operating systems and places the results in the GRUB 2 menu.


Is there a keybind to minimize all windows, without a toggle?

It can be found in System--->Preferences--->Keyboard shortcuts


Internet only connects to certain websites (Google, Wikipedia, Facebook, Twitter)

Okay, so I made a LIVEUSB for my current version (16.04), booted it, and saw that it worked perfectly fine. So, I copied down the connection information, went into my IPv4 settings, and manually inputted the settings into the IP address line, as well as the DNS settings. Then, my issue was solved.


"gnome-tweak-tool: command not found" after installation

In Ubuntu 18.04 aka Bionic Beaver the gnome-tweak-tool is a transitional package which is used to pull in a different package, in your case gnome-tweaks to make upgrades more smooth when a package name had to be renamed. For whatever reasons...

You can see this information when using apt-cache show gnome-tweak-tool. The Depends: line is the package that is pulled in.

So to run it, just enter gnome-tweaks or use dpkg -L gnome-tweaks to list the files that are shipped with that package.


What does the number in brackets after a command in the manpages mean?

I believe you're referring to man pages.

The number refers to section of the manpages that the command is documented in. It's a historical Unixism. See man man.

To access different sections, you supply the number in the command, like :

man 1 time
man 7 time

Here are the man page sections:

   1   Executable programs or shell commands
   2   System calls (functions provided by the kernel)
   3   Library calls (functions within program libraries)
   4   Special files (usually found in /dev)
   5   File formats and conventions eg /etc/passwd
   6   Games
   7   Miscellaneous (including macro packages and conventions), e.g. man(7), groff(7)
   8   System administration commands (usually only for root)
   9   Kernel routines [Non standard]


I don't have the launcher installed myself but i would look for game specific options to add these options to the launcher. If that doesn't work, i would check if the launcher can make a desktop link for diablo3 and then the options could be added to the command line. You could also explore "PlayOnLinux". I haven't had a good track record with it but i hear great things about it for people with little experience with linux like you or me. PlayOnLinux can be downloaded through Ubuntu's "software center".

Hope it helps.


R package updating problem on Ubuntu 17.10

You shouldn't be using theUbuntu repository for installing bioconductor packages.
Use the approach described on the Bioconductor page for Biocgenerics:

## try http:// if https:// URLs are not supported
source("https://bioconductor.org/biocLite.R")
biocLite("BiocGenerics")


The file system check using a live cd yielded no damage message. However, on rebooting the installed OS, I noticed the keyboard layout was set to EN-US which I don't use. But I swear, before the file system check it was set to the layout I normally use. So everything is back to normal, I can log in. Thanks for everýbodys input.


USB to DVI adapter not recognized in 17.10

This adapter uses the MCT Trigger Family chipset, and not DisplayLink. There appear to be no compatible drivers for Linux, and it is a patented proprietary device. It will not currently work under any Linux, including Ubuntu.


Setup for OURLINK USB Wireless stopped working - Again

I found a solution here:
https://github.com/gnab/rtl8812au/issues/144

1: git clone https://github.com/gnab/rtl8812au
2: cd rtl8812au
3: wget https://github.com/msharov/rtl8812au/commit/296fb88cf466fe07fffd1b9d2f42a33c420ceb1d.patch

4: patch -p1 < *.patch
5: sudo make && sudo make install


My lap is cold. How can I get ubuntu on my laptop to start generating some heat with minimal effort?

You can overload your CPU, and hence generate heat, by using cpuburn: CPU stress tester for Ubuntu Linux - http://www.hecticgeek.com/2012/03/cpuburn-cpu-stress-test-ubuntu-linux/

However if you are wary of running external programs then you can try CPU hammer shell script which uses awk to generate load by doing mathematical calculations http://linux.cloudibee.com/2008/11/linux-cpu-hammer-script/

Hope that helps!

UPDATE: To partially overload the CPU and generate some heat, remove the & at the end of awk script in the second solution:

for i in `seq 0 $((NUM_PROC-1))`; do
        awk 'BEGIN {for(i=0;i<10000;i++)for(j=0;j<10000;j++);}'
done

This alternatively loads two of the cores in an old Core2Duo.

To heat your laptop you need to stress at least one core and that may affect performance of certain multi-core applications. If that bothers you then you can make your computer more responsive by adding nice in front of the script as suggested in comment by Charles Boling.

Alternatives:

Stressing the hard-disk is not a good idea for obvious reason - reduced life.
Stopping the CPU fan is dangerous and can permanently damage your cpu
Increasing frequency will increase heat but not all motherboard's allow changing clock frequency and it can be potentially dangerous operation


How do I get my VPN to work even when my firewall is active?

Please check this link; http://www.howtoadvice.com/FirestarterVPN
Hope it helps


Files and folders are not deleted from the external hard disk

Files beginning with "." are hidden in Linux. To see them in Nautilus, click the drop-down menu in the top right and click "show hidden". Alternatively from the command line, use ls and the -a option, which will show all files hidden or otherwise. Windows does not share this feature, which is why it shows up by default there.

Much like Windows' recycle bin, Ubuntu does not "delete" files when you delete them, instead it moves them to a buffer folder (.Trash) and if the space is needed, only then will the files be deleted. This gets them out of your way immediately, but saves you the potential nightmare of deleting a file you didn't intend to. Note that using the rm command bypasses this; anything you delete with this is immediately "deleted" (still not truly deleted, but you can't get it back easily)

Unlike Windows, however, the "trash" functionality in Ubuntu is not limited to the operating system drive. Any volume you mount has it's own trash bin, whereas with Windows the recycle bin only exists on your C:\ drive. Deleting an item from an external/non-system hard drive in windows is the same as using the rm command in Linux unless otherwise configured.


libimobiledevice 1.2 (iOS 8 Support) for Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty

Using the GitHub repository.

Bear in mind, each step works only if the previous step was successful.

Clone the repository

mkdir -p ~/src
cd ~/src
git clone https://github.com/libimobiledevice/libimobiledevice.git
cd libimobiledevice

Install the necessary development libraries

You may need more libraries or header packages as listed below. You will see this if you have error messages during the configuration step later. Add a comment if you have problems.

sudo apt-get install libusbmuxd-dev libplist-dev  libplist++-dev libgnutls-dev libssl-dev python-dev

Install some additional software

The following software is needed to prepare the software for compilation and then compile it.

sudo apt-get install usbmuxd make automake autoconf libtool pkg-config gcc

Install optional software

The following software is used to make parts of the finished package a run faster and create documentation.

sudo apt-get install cython doxygen

Install an installation helper

Checkinstall creates a debian package so the software is managed by the package manager.

sudo apt-get install checkinstall

Configure and build

./autogen.sh
make

Install

With the command below, a deb package with the name libimobiledevice will be created and installed.

sudo checkinstall

You will see this warning:

checkinstall 1.6.2, Copyright 2009 Felipe Eduardo Sanchez Diaz Duran
           This software is released under the GNU GPL.

*****************************************
**** Debian package creation selected ***
*****************************************

*** Warning: The package version "1.2.1
1.2.1
1.2.1
1.2.1
1.2.1
1.2.1
1.2.1
1.2.1
1.2.1
1.2.1" is not a
*** Warning: debian policy compliant one. Please specify an alternate one

This package will be built according to these values:

0 -  Maintainer: [ root@aboettger-VirtualBox ]
1 -  Summary: [ Package created with checkinstall 1.6.2 ]
2 -  Name:    [ libimobiledevice ]
3 -  Version: [  ]
4 -  Release: [ 1 ]
5 -  License: [ GPL ]
6 -  Group:   [ checkinstall ]
7 -  Architecture: [ i386 ]
8 -  Source location: [ libimobiledevice ]
9 -  Alternate source location: [  ]
10 - Requires: [  ]
11 - Provides: [ libimobiledevice ]
12 - Conflicts: [  ]
13 - Replaces: [  ]

Simply press 3 and type 1.2.1 and Enter

Enter a number to change any of them or press ENTER to continue: 3
Enter new version:
>> 1.2.1

Check the installed files

dpkg -L libimobiledevice

and you will see something like this

/.
/usr
/usr/share
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/COPYING.LESSER
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/AUTHORS
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/NEWS
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/README
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/idevice_id.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/idevicenotificationproxy.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/idevicepair.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/ideviceprovision.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/ideviceimagemounter.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/Makefile
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/idevicedebug.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/idevicename.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/idevicebackup.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/idevicedebugserverproxy.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/ideviceenterrecovery.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/idevicecrashreport.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/ideviceinfo.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/Makefile.in
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/Makefile.am
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/idevicescreenshot.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/idevicedate.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/idevicesyslog.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/idevicediagnostics.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/docs/idevicebackup2.1
/usr/share/doc/libimobiledevice/COPYING
/usr/local
/usr/local/bin
/usr/local/bin/idevicepair
/usr/local/bin/idevicename
/usr/local/bin/ideviceinfo
/usr/local/bin/idevicebackup2
/usr/local/bin/ideviceprovision
/usr/local/bin/idevicecrashreport
/usr/local/bin/ideviceimagemounter
/usr/local/bin/idevice_id
/usr/local/bin/idevicenotificationproxy
/usr/local/bin/ideviceenterrecovery
/usr/local/bin/idevicescreenshot
/usr/local/bin/idevicediagnostics
/usr/local/bin/idevicedebug
/usr/local/bin/idevicebackup
/usr/local/bin/idevicedebugserverproxy
/usr/local/bin/idevicesyslog
/usr/local/bin/idevicedate
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lib/libimobiledevice.la
/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/libimobiledevice-1.0.pc
/usr/local/lib/libimobiledevice.so.6.0.0
/usr/local/lib/libimobiledevice.a
/usr/local/share
/usr/local/share/man
/usr/local/share/man/man1
/usr/local/share/man/man1/idevicebackup2.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/ideviceprovision.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/idevicebackup.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/idevicecrashreport.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/idevice_id.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/ideviceenterrecovery.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/ideviceimagemounter.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/idevicename.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/idevicescreenshot.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/idevicedebug.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/idevicenotificationproxy.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/idevicedebugserverproxy.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/idevicedate.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/ideviceinfo.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/idevicesyslog.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/idevicediagnostics.1.gz
/usr/local/share/man/man1/idevicepair.1.gz
/usr/local/include
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/syslog_relay.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/lockdown.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/diagnostics_relay.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/screenshotr.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/property_list_service.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/installation_proxy.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/restore.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/file_relay.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/mobile_image_mounter.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/mobilebackup2.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/afc.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/service.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/webinspector.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/heartbeat.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/libimobiledevice.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/mobilesync.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/misagent.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/debugserver.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/mobilebackup.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/house_arrest.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/sbservices.h
/usr/local/include/libimobiledevice/notification_proxy.h
/usr/local/lib/libimobiledevice.so
/usr/local/lib/libimobiledevice.so.6


Configure Wireless Network 12.10 Command Line

First of all, confirm you have a working wireless card and driver:

sudo iwlist wlan0 scan

Does it scan and see your network? Good. Next, if this is a server and you want to ssh into it, I wouldn't use DHCP, I suggest static. Then, I'd simplify your interfaces file quite a bit:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
address 192.168.1.110  <--an address outside the range of the DHCP server in the router
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1 8.8.8.8
wpa-essid your_router
wpa-psk your_key

Of course, use the details appropriate to your network. Now restart the interface

sudo ifdown wlan0 && sudo ifup wlan0

Did it get the address?

ifconfig

Can it connect?

ping -c3 www.google.com


How do I create a state transition diagram?

Actually Dia does allow you to add an end state. Select the UML shapes, then drag the "initial/end state" shape onto your diagram. When you double click the shape, you'll see a button that says "Is final". This lets you define whether the state is initial or final.

EDIT: If you don't like how those look, it's pretty easy to create your own shapes in Dia. They're just SVG files.

Save the following as ~/.dia/shapes/fsm_final_state.shape :

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<shape xmlns="http://www.daa.com.au/~james/dia-shape-ns"
       xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <name>Finite State Machine - Final State</name>
  <icon>fsm_final_state_icon.xpm</icon>
  <connections>
    <point x="0.0" y="2.5" />
    <point x="2.5" y="5.0" />
    <point x="5.0" y="2.5" />
    <point x="2.5" y="0.0" />
  </connections>
  <textbox x1="0.0" y1="0.0" x2="5.0" y2="5.0" />
  <svg:svg width="5.0" height="5.0">
    <svg:circle style="fill: default;" cx="2.5" cy="2.5" r="2.5" />
  </svg:svg>
  <svg:svg width="4.0" height="4.0">
    <svg:circle style="fill: default;" cx="2.5" cy="2.5" r="2.0" />
  </svg:svg>
</shape>

Save the following as ~/.dia/shapes/fsm_final_state_icon.xpm :

/* XPM */
static char * fsm_final_state_icon_xpm[] = {
"16 16 14 1",
"   c None",
".  c #FFFFFF",
"+  c #FCFCFC",
"@  c #B6B6B6",
"#  c #545454",
"$  c #000000",
"%  c #101010",
"&  c #D8D8D8",
"*  c #121212",
"=  c #353535",
"-  c #A0A0A0",
";  c #EBEBEB",
">  c #040404",
",  c #9E9E9E",
"................",
"....+@#$%#@+....",
"...&*=-.;-=*&...",
"..&>,......,>&..",
".+*,........,*+.",
".@=..........=@.",
".#-..........-#.",
".%;..........;%.",
".%;..........;%.",
".#-..........-#.",
".@=..........=@.",
".+*,........,*+.",
"..&>,......,>&..",
"...&*=-.;-=*&...",
"....+@#$%#@+....",
"................"};

Finally, save the following as ~/.dia/sheets/Finite_State_Machine.sheet :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<sheet xmlns="http://www.lysator.liu.se/~alla/dia/dia-sheet-ns">
<!--File: ~/.dia/sheets/Finite_State_Machine.sheet-->

<name>Finite State Machine</name>
<description>Finite state machine diagrams</description>
<contents>
<!--add shapes here-->
<object name="Finite State Machine - Final State">
<description>Final</description></object>

</contents></sheet>

When you restart Dia you should have a "Finite State Machine" sheet with one shape: a decent looking final state!


Metatracker, usually referred to as Tracker, was introduced in 8.04 (an LTS release), but removed, I believe, in 9.04.  I can only speculate as to why it was removed, but my guess would be multiple bugs, such as 100% CPU when the tracker daemon failed, or the slow start up on less powerful systems due to the indices updating.

I run it on my system and haven't noticed any slow downs, but my laptop is reasonably powerful.


How to fix "The destination is read-only" error on HDD partition

For me the solution was quite simple:

killall nautilus

First I tried with gpart and disk utilities to erase the partition but the problem still there, I saw answers about mount by hand or about win solutions but it doesn't make sense for me because my usb was created with an image of ubuntu with dd!. At the end, it seems to be a nautilus's bug. Just restart your PC or kill your nautilus and the problem will gone.


how to install lxqt on ubuntu server 16.04

LXQt meta package did not include XORG and any display manager.

Try :

1#
Run command

sudo apt install xorg sddm lxqt

and reboot then you can select LXQt from SDDM login screen.

.

2#
If you have installed XORG, LXQt, SDDM (or any x-display-manager).

Check in /usr/share/xsessions/ there should be a file lxqt.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Name=LXQt
Exec=startlxqt
TryExec=lxqt-session
Type=Application

It's worked on Ubuntu 16.04, but, do not install LXQt with Lubuntu in the same PC.
It cause a lot of problem.


How do I force Chromium's window buttons to the right side when in GNOME?

You can accomplish that simply by editing gconf (which chromium uses) like this:

gconftool /apps/metacity/general/button_layout -t string -s "menu:minimize,maximize,close"
You can leave the "menu" if you don't need it, however the colon is needed as a separator between the left and right sides of the titlebar.
The changes should be visible right away, if they're not just log out and back in.

PS: I know that Ubuntu Tweak does exactly the same, but I couldn't for the life of me figure out how to post this as a comment on Geppettvs' answer, which I originally intended to do.


Can't seem to switch shift and up keys on laptop

I was able to fix the issue thanks to the answer in this post.

Thanks to @Sparhawk I went to /usr/share/X11/xkb/keycodes/evdev and simply switched the keycodes for the UP (keycode 111) and RTSH (keycode 62) for my keyboard.

I cleared the xkb cache and rebooted and it's done. Hopefully it will stick.


First, read this Ubuntu Help article about Power & battery

If not enough you may want to install TLP

TLP brings you the benefits of advanced power management for Linux
without the need to understand every technical detail. TLP comes with
a default configuration already optimized for battery life, so you may
just install and forget it. Nevertheless, TLP is highly customizable to
fulfill your specific requirements.

To install TLP :

sudo apt install tlp tlp-rdw
sudo tlp start

Then customize suspend setting: System Settings -> Power -> Suspend & Power Button.


Delete the contents of your /etc/apt/sources/list with:

#############################################################
################### OFFICIAL UBUNTU REPOS ###################
#############################################################

###### Ubuntu Main Repos
deb http://....archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://....archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal main restricted universe multiverse

###### Ubuntu Update Repos
deb http://....archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://....archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://....archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://....archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://....archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://....archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://....archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://....archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

###### Ubuntu Partner Repo
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu quantal partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu quantal partner

###### Ubuntu Extras Repo
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu quantal main
deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu quantal main

And see if that works.


/usr/bin/ld : cannot find -lCUDA_cublas_device_LIBRARY-NOTFOUND

I faced a similar problem when using LibTorch. What solved it for me was upgrading to CMake=3.15.2. I found this solution here: https://github.com/clab/dynet/issues/1457. They say version 3.12.2 is sufficient.

In case your using Ubuntu >=18.04, 3.10.2 is the latest cmake version provided by apt. You can install a more recent version via snap:

sudo apt purge cmake # Remove cmake.
sudo snap install cmake --classic # Install a more recent. Note: it requires to disable security confinement.

You will find the executable in /snap/bin/cmake, so you might have to append run

echo "export PATH=${PATH}:/snap/bin" >> ~/.bashrc

and reopen your Terminal. Now cmake --version should give you a more recent one.


Compiling Programs :: What to do with previous?

How you handle different versions is up to you. It will depend on what kind of software it is.

Yes, if you choose to compile and software yourself, you'll have to manually keep it up to date. That means downloading and applying new source. If the program is written in a compiled language, you'll need to recompile that program after making changes to its source.

However, you should never have to choose between an apt-get version and a self-compiled one. You should package and install the software before you install it anyway. You'll certainly want to get and learn checkinstall. It's very easy to use. Instead of sudo make install, you'll do sudo checkinstall. It will then ask you to fill in a form about the package, then it'll install that package.

This can sound like it requires some effort. And it does. However, there are ways to radically improve this.

Keep your own local branch of the code.
Only download changes that's occurred since your alst pull from the upstream.
Add deb packaging information to your branch if it doesn't already have it. That way, you can easily keep it up to date.
Take a break to really let it sink in just exactly what a radical step a fork is. The bigger the changes between your branch and the upstreams trunk, the more work you'll have to manually perform.
Write scripts to automate the above tasks.
Keep a PPA to make it easier for yourself and others to install and use the compiled software.

Launchpad can perform the above tasks for you so you get your own daily repo with minimal effort. It's called a build recipe You'll still need to branch from the upstreams trunk, merge with your own, then push your new trunk to Launchpad. This is good, because you'll want to review the upstreams code changes in any case.

So, this requires more learning, but once it's setup correctly, you'll save yourself of loads of work every day. It really is worth spending some time to learn properly. Even if it should take weeks to really get comfortable with it, you should.


The system stores persistent device names in /etc/udev/rules.d/. The culprit is probably a file in that directory named 70-persistent-net.rules. I think you can simply rename the port on one of your machines, rename any conflicts, reload the scripts, restart networking... or, you know, reboot.


SSD alignment - Extended partition is misaligned

Source and credit for answer: Brian @ https://superuser.com/questions/740107/ssd-extended-partition-misalignment

It does not matter.
What matters is the file system blocks or clusters on a formatted partition are aligned to and don't overlap more physical blocks than necessary. To do this the partition holding a file system must start on a physical block boundary.
A NTFS formatted partition with 4k cluster size on an Advanced Format drive with 4k blocks will perform worse if each NTFS cluster straddles two blocks on the drive itself due to the partition not starting on a block boundary.


Unity crashes when using scale effect(spreading windows/super+w) 14.04

I can confirm this happens on my desktop too. The only solution I've found so far is to delete all your user configuration files (.compiz/, .gconf/ and maybe some .config/ subdirs) which is very annoying because you loose all of your settings and have to start over. It may affect other applications' configuration too...

I stopped using unity tweak tool because it leads to Unity randomly crashing all the time. And it's a shame, because Unity offers very little customization by itself.

There are some bug reports here related with this problem but nobody seems to be doing anything about it:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/compiz/+bug/1255711

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity/+bug/1293242

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity/+bug/1284898


How can import private key and certificate to seahorse in Ubuntu 18.04

I had exactly the same problem importing my SSH private key to Seahorse in Ubuntu 18.04.

Apparently it also needs the pubkey in the same directory. If you don't have it, you can generate it using your private key:

ssh-keygen -y -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa > ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

It will import it automatically the first time you use your key.


Unity launcher -- is it available as a separate package?

Unity is available for 10.10, you just need to install the ubuntu-netbook package

Unity is also available for 10.04 through the PPA named canonical-dx-team/+archive/une

In both cases this will add a new "Netbook edition" option in the login screen. I don't think the dock is available as a stand-alone package.

More information and detailled installation instructions can be found on the wiki :
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DesktopTeam/Unity


How can I run programs in /usr/local/bin without sudo or root?

Use ls -l to give you a long list. The result should look something like this:

drwxr--r-- 10 root root 4096 Jul 25 22:17 usr

The fields here show you the access rights to the file, file's number of hard links, the username of the owner, the name of the group that owns the file, size of the file in bytes, date and time of the file's last modification, and name of the file, respectively.

What you are interested in is the access rights to the file and user and group owner of the file. If it says "root root", then you must have root privileges - use sudo command - to write or execute the file.

You can use the chmod chown and chgrp commands to modify the permissions of the file. I would however discourage you from letting users apart from root write or execute files in the /usr/bin directory. It can lead to compromising the security of your system.

Error edited thanks to @Martin Thornton.


As for the /srv folder, it is listed in the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard as a data folder for system services.

There's a bug report from libselinux on Kubuntu a few years ago outlining the same basic question. It appears that the 2.0.65-5build1 version of libselinux1 was (incorrectly) creating /selinux - maybe you have this build, or a similar unpatched one, installed?


No sound after doing some steps found here on askUbuntu

sudo apt-get install aptitude

sudo aptitude --purge reinstall linux-sound-base alsa-base alsa-utils linux-image-`uname -r` linux-ubuntu-modules-`uname -r` libasound2

I ran those two commands and I got my sound back. But the problem of the headphones not muting the rear speakers still exists!!!
Can anyone help me with that?


Is there a "list of installed programs"?

You can use aptik to back up and reinstall a list of your programs. As well as ppas, and other useful functions.

The list is stored as text so you can inspect it as you wish. The program also characterizes the programs by type.  It is a useful tool IMHO.


There is no official support by Nokia.

I'd recommend to use the Ovi Suite via dual boot into Windows/Mac.

But there is also a project currently in development:

http://series60-remote.sourceforge.net/index.php?module=Content&func=view&pid=8


No, the installer does not delete any data unless you tell it specifically to do so by removing an existing partition. Depending on the health of your drive, though, it is possible that some data may be lost during a partition resize or move. Even though the installer does nothing more than reallocate the existing free space, it is always a good idea to make a back-up before installing. Generally, it's just always a good idea to make a back-up before doing anything.


I had the same problem with an imported key and solved by adding a trust to the key, the Kwallet service was able to find it. Probably when I imported it i didn't imparted any trust (I must say new keys created with Kgpg were working for me though)

In order to do that i fellow this guide
https://yanhan.github.io/posts/2014-03-04-gpg-how-to-trust-imported-key.html

P.S. I answered this question even though i had the issue with kubuntu 19.10, but I believe the problem is the same.


How Do I Dual boot Windows After Ubuntu in Legacy mode GPT paritition Table?

It's windows that requires Legacy on an MBR disc or UEFI on a GPT disc. Ubuntu doesn't care as long as you have the right partition types. An EFI partition for a UEFI boot or a bio-grub for a legacy boot on a gpt disk.