Help installing Ubuntu alongside Windows

How is Ubuntu 15.04 different from 14.04 in terms of installation ? As the first link says 15.04 is quite easily installed than 14.04. Why ?

The referenced statements are the opinions/experience of one person. You'd really have to ask that person to elaborate on the specific statements. That said, 15.04 is newer than 14.04 and so uses updated versions of certain elements. Some of these updates might improve your odds of getting a clean install. Some of these have been updated in 14.04 point releases, the latest of which is 14.04.3, so it's probably best to start with a 14.04 point release rather than the original (April, 2014) version of 14.04.

Remember that any given install is a bit of a gamble. For me, 14.04 (even the original 2014 release) installs fine on many computers. Hardware released since then, though, may require new drivers that aren't present in the original. Random Person X on the Internet might have problems even with older hardware and so might make a more sweeping recommendation to install the latest version.

  Please do explain me about UEFI and secure boot and what do i need to with it. Why should i disable it ?

Secure Boot restricts what programs may run as boot loaders, based on cryptographic signatures embedded in the boot loaders themselves. Something that's not signed with a key whose public key exists in the firmware's database will not boot with Secure Boot active. The idea is to make it harder for malware to take over the computer before the OS has even booted. Of course, this is a good goal, but it creates an extra hurdle for Linux distributions, since the only key that's guaranteed to be present in most computers is owned by Microsoft. The good news is that Microsoft has signed many third-party binaries, including one called "Shim" that enables GRUB to boot. (GRUB then hands off control to a Linux kernel.) Ubuntu uses Shim as part of its boot process, so in theory Ubuntu should work with Secure Boot enabled.

Note that I wrote "in theory." In practice, Ubuntu usually works fine; but there are bugs (in Shim and/or in specific EFI implementations) that can cause it to fail. If you run into such a problem, you must disable Secure Boot or work around the problem in some way. Note that Secure Boot problems are almost certain to prevent GRUB from even starting. If you run into a problem later, like a blank screen once past the GRUB menu, the issue is almost certainly not a Secure Boot issue (although many people immediately think of Secure Boot and try adjusting its settings).

As a general rule, my advice is to leave Secure Boot enabled and to disable it if and only if you can't get GRUB to start.

Note also that Secure Boot is just one feature of UEFI, and an optional one at that. Many EFI (UEFI is just EFI 2.x) systems lack Secure Boot support. EFI is a replacement for BIOS. This is a critical point; many people are under the mistaken impression that EFI is just an extension to BIOS, or a minor variant on BIOS. It's not; EFI is completely different. If you know how BIOS boots, forget it all when dealing with an EFI-based system. For more background on EFI generally, I recommend you read:

Adam Williamson's blog entry on how EFI works -- This page describes the theory behind EFI-mode booting.
My page on installing Linux on EFI systems -- This page is a more practical introduction to EFI-mode booting than the preceding one.
The Ubuntu community wiki entry on UEFI -- This page is a bit disjointed, but is the most Ubuntu-specific introduction to EFI and its issues.

  Also is 15.04 good and stable enough like the 14.04 ? Beacuse I personally prefer the 14.04 due to the LTS offered.

My recommendation is to stick with 14.04 if at all possible. As noted earlier, use the latest point-release version, especially if your hardware is newer than the April 2014 release date of the original. If you have hardware problems (disks not being recognized, network not working, no sound, etc.), it may be worth trying the latest non-LTS release. At this point, that's 15.10. I do not recommend installing 15.04 at this point, since it has just a couple more months of supported life left. If you install 15.10, you should seriously consider upgrading to 16.04 once it's released; that's the next LTS version, so then you'll have support through April of 2021, should you decide to stick with one OS for so long.


On my systems I did the following to take control on the system:

I removed unattended-upgrades package

sudo apt-get purge unattended-upgrades

Disabled systemd timers, which are related to APT:

sudo systemctl disable apt-daily-upgrade.timer
sudo systemctl disable apt-daily.timer

Disabled 'APT::Periodic' for sure:

echo 'APT::Periodic::Enable "0";' | \
sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/99periodic-disable

With these steps I take full control on APT. I have never seen lock-conflicts.


Quoted from Official site

Dependencies for Ubuntu Precise (12.04)(if you use newer versions skip this step)

New versions of Clementine require GStreamer 1.0 which wasn't included in Ubuntu 12.04. If you get errors installing Clementine you should add the GStreamer PPA as well:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gstreamer-developers/ppa

You can download the latest version of Clementine on Ubuntu from the official PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:me-davidsansome/clementine
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install clementine

Back to your question

  update it and then install it but I just need to know if this is the
  correct way to update it, it seems to me that this makes a clean
  installation of the program itself but i just want to update it to the
  latest version.

Please note that updating a package is done in the same manner as installing using apt-get install command and this what make you confused.

man apt-get

 install
           install is followed by one or more packages desired for
           installation or upgrading....

What does this mean?

When you run the command apt-get install it will first check whether this app is already installed in your system or not, if the app is not founded then it will install it else it's going to update it if there exist a newer version.

So now for y our case when adding the official PPA above then you are making newer versions available to be installed/updated since Ubuntu repositories always be some steps below official PPAs.

So when you add this PPA and run apt-get install it will fetch the app and check whether there is a newer version or not(since you already installed)m so it will find a newer version from the added repository so it's going to update your app to newer version.


IPTables: Block incoming traffic connection to your IP address of your virtual machine

One alternative would be to block traffic using MAC address filtering. So, you would basically need to get the MAC address of the network interface you want to block, and then use an iptables rule such as the following:

iptables -I INPUT -m mac --mac-source 1E:2B:65:48:54:AD -j REJECT

The above rule will block all incoming traffic from the specified MAC address. If you simply wanted to block traffic to a specific port, you could do something like this:

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m mac --mac-source 1E:2B:65:48:54:AD -j REJECT


VirtualBox kernel modules do not match this version of VirtualBox

The image in the picture is giving you this error message: rtr3initex failed with rc=-1912 (rc=-1912) Ubuntu

It's telling you you have a mismatched install.  Your kernel modules do not match your installed version.  The kernel modules are packaged in virtualbox-dkms in the repository.

You have most likely installed it from the repository.  But failed to install all the modules, or you installed it, performed and upgrade and the modules didn't get completely upgraded during one of your system's updates.  You can fix this by uninstalling it and reinstalling it, which will install the necessary modules.  You do this with:

$ sudo apt remove --purge virtualbox
$ sudo apt install virtualbox
$ sudo apt install virtualbox-dkms

Completely removing virtualbox and it's dependencies will not affect your VM's.  Just the applicaton itself.

Alternatively you can download the latest version of Virtualbox from http://Virtualbox.org.  The download page for linux is: https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads.

You can append this to your /etc/apt/sources.list file to add the official developers repository:

deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian xenial contrib

You can download and add the security key with:

wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -
wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

Then grade what you currently have with:

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade

If you purged the previous version then reinstall it with this after the upgrade command above:

$ sudo apt install virtualbox

If you download and install from virtualbox.org the kernel modules for the developers version will automatically be compiled and installed.


How do I run Ubuntu 11.10 from a pendrive with an Acer BIOS?

I have the same problem, but this problem is pen (USB flash drive) dependent.
You can change dive and hope to boot with no problem :)

Another point is how to make it bootable, Ubuntu startup disk creator is a good tool.
If you don't have Ubuntu, you can try LinuxLive USB Creator


How to make a full backup of ubuntu 16.04?

If you have a spare drive you can always use clonezilla to clone the hard drive. It will backup everything and allow for a redeployment.
http://clonezilla.org/


After installing Ubuntu, computer becomes stuck on HP logo during boot

One thing to test is if the hang is a GUI-loading issue or actual boot issue.
When it hangs press "CTRL-Alt-F2" and see if you get the black console login page. If you can login via text mode but still have the hang on CTRL-Alt-F1 then I have the same issue and have a workaround:
On boot select "Advanced options for Ubuntu"
Next select the line that has "(recovery mode)"
Then select "resume boot"
If that works then it's probably a modeset issue in grub.
This tutorial https://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/842 has some thing to try.
What worked for me was adding "nomodeset" to the grub linux boot options.
Edit: Nomodeset interferes with power suspend if you have an AMDGPU. Went back to not using nomodeset and instead using CTRL-ATL-F2, logging in with a text screen and then running startx


Desktop showed in weird colors after coming out of a suspend in 16.04

dmesg doesn't hold all the answers. Many times I'll look at /var/log/syslog to find errors not listed by dmesg.

Like yourself I also recently upgraded to 16.04 due to solicitation during daily 14.04 updates. I too had "glitches" and the first thing I had to do on my platform was update Kernel from 4.4 to 4.6.3. Still some little things to work out but 16.04 has brought many improvements. Good Luck.


Ubuntu Server is a distro without any GUI (or “headless”). Both Ubuntu Desktop and Lubuntu are equally far from Ubuntu Server, despite the name suggesting that Ubuntu Desktop is more similar to Ubuntu Server.

Actually, there are several GUIs you can use:

Unity in Ubuntu Desktop
KDE in Kubuntu
XFCE in Xubuntu
LXDE in Lubuntu
and a lot of others (with variously named distros)

So by moving from Ubuntu Server to Lubuntu (i.e. adding LXDE to your GUI-less system), you will get a GUI and won’t lose anything.


add dependency to cuurent kernel version

Use:

Depends: linux-headers-3.13.0.77-generic (>= 3.13.00.77), linux-headers-3.13.0.77-generic (<< 3.13.00.78)

$(uname -r) in this case does'nt cut it.


MySQL starts run manually with datadir param, but doesn't as a service

You have changed permission but we dont know what permission you have set.

In Linux every services have to own username , as  you are doing it different I think you have think in that different way.

allow user of mysqld service to access your external harddrive location where you have installed  mysql.

like

chown -R mysql:mysql  /location/path

I am away from my PC, Please try this and let me know if issue still persists and by the way mention the way you have installed mysql.


Open up a terminal in Ubuntu and type:

sudo update-grub.

Type a password if necessary. It will come up with this:

Generating grub.cfg ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-25-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-25-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-24-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-24-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz.img-2.6.32-23-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-23-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin
Found Microsoft Windows 8 Pro on /dev/sda1
done

It might be different to you, like Windows might be on sda2 instead of sda1. But still, in the text it verify's Windows 8. So it should solve your problems.

I did this with Win7, and it worked. I just copy and pasted the code and edited:

Found Microsoft Windows 7 Home Premium on /dev/sda1

To:

Found Microsoft Windows 8 Pro on /dev/sda1

I typed up what it should say just in case if it doesn't say this. If there are any errors please reply back via comment.

Hope this helps!


Are there any good music mixers available, equivalent to Windows "MP3 Tunes"?

Take a look at the java based Ultramixer.

Features of the free version:

AAC/M4A file support
Fullscreen and tray mode
MiniMode Player
Variable pitch range (up to -/+ 50%)
Database-driven file archive
Realtime-BPM Counter
Support of skinning for the user interface
Cue points
3-Band-Equalizer / EQ-Kill-Buttons
Import / Export of M3U lists
FileArchive detail search
Manual Talkover
Monitoring over headhones
Multi-soundcard support
Automix function
Switchable fading modes

Installation instructions from Ultramixer community forum.


Can not Setup Google Chromecast on Ubuntu 14.04 (Chrome extension -> Set up a new Cast device doesn't work)

As of 2017-01-19, it is not possible to setup a Chromecast device from Linux.  It has to be done through the other supported devices.  Unfortunately, Google's engineers could not come up with a software stack that would be shared among multiple OSs.

However, once the Chromecast device has been setup, it works nicely within Linux.  I suggest that you borrow a supported device from someone you know to proceed.


Paraphrased from MariaDB SSL configuration - using Let's Encrypt certificate

  The key is in the wrong format, and can be converted with openssl to
  different format.

openssl rsa -in ./privkey.pem -out ./privkeyrsa.pem

  And after tweaking permissions (0400) and ownership of that file
  (mysql:mysql) SSL works as desired. (and of course config line to
  point to the right cert)


There's a typo in @Maythux's answer: there should be no e in liblapacke.

A more minimalist set of packages can be installed with:

sudo apt-get install libblas-dev liblapack-dev

Also, if you're installing these to get scipy to install with pip, it may not be the complete solution (I failed to use pip install scipy in an ARM architecture Ubuntu 14.04 system).  I found success with apt-get install python-scipy, but it was an older version (0.13.3).  If you need a newer version via pip, you may also need:

sudo apt-get install gfortran

I found this info on StackOverflow here


Where to find documentation for submitting a cheap paid application?

You need to visit http://developer.ubuntu.com/ as it contains all the information you need for submitting stuff to the app store as well as packaging. If you know how to package already (and by that I mean packaging that would be accepted by Ubuntu), you might be able to just skip to this page  http://developer.ubuntu.com/publish/


How to delete all files inside subfolders, but not subfolders itselves?

You can use the find command to identify only regular files (type f) recursively

find rootdir -type f

If that shows the results you expect, then to actually delete them

find rootdir -type f -delete

NB this is a real delete not a "move to trash" so be 100% certain that it's what you really want to do before executing the command.


Unable to boot Ubuntu after deleting Windows partition

Wubi crates virtual partitions as image files inside your Windows drive. This is an easy way to install Ubuntu Linux without doing major changes to the drive, but it comes with a lot of draw backs. For example the stability of your Linux file system is always at the mercy of your Windows file system and they are not so good at being stable. And of cause if you delete your Windows you will also delete the Linux that is contained inside.

In general you should not use Wubi. It is deprecated, has a lot of bugs and has not been maintained for a while.

I'm sorry to say, but to solve your problem you will have to reinstall Ubuntu. The best would be to install the latest LTS version (14.04) while booting from an installation media ( Live DVD, USB stick).


How do I get Ubuntu option after installation beside a Windows 7?

Try using Boot Repair in Ubuntu.

Installing Boot Repair

Open the Terminal, then type:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update
Press Enter.
Then type:

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)
Press Enter

Using Boot Repair

Search for Boot Repair in the dash and launch it. Then click the "Recommended Repair" button and wait until it's finished.

Reboot. Does it work now?


DPKG error message with libsane while installing WineHQ-stable

I met the same problem and solve it.
This is caused by a bug in sane-backends.

First, remove Wine, then execute:

sudo apt-get -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-overwrite" install libsane1:i386

and then install Wine again.


How do I run Eclipse Oxygen from Desktop Launcher?

I am using eclipse neon on Linux Mint and here is my .desktop launcher, it starts normally.You should point Exec to your installation directory of eclipse and not /usr/bin/eclipse

[Desktop Entry]
Comment=
Terminal=false
Name=EclipseNeon
Exec=/home/user/eclipse/java-neon/eclipse/eclipse
Type=Application

if you are not sure where your eclipse executable is you can find it with

sudo find / -executable -name eclipse

hope this is useful


Keeping windows in the foreground while operating on others? (i.e., not changing windows' focus)

I found the option in -> Window Manager -> Focus -> desable the option Automatically give focus to newly created windows. Following a screenshot for more details:

The solution works for Xubuntu (version >= 16.04) but also can gives some useful keywords for other linux-based distribution


Yes, SMB shares with lots of active usage can definitely be the source of large iowait, but not necessarily. To debug, I suggest you install the 'iotop' package, which is like 'top' but shows IO processes.

sudo apt install iotop

Then after installing, run:

iotop

You'll see a running list of which processes are using IO.


Uninstall snap but not snap-installed apps?

Snapd is more than a package manager.

It loop-mounts the snap application at startup.
It has a role in the sandboxing: The AppArmor rules, access controls, and $PATH redirection. It monitors the connections among snaps and the system.


What is the difference between these python functions?

There is just a single change between two code snippets, the first one uses:

count = count + keywords[key]

while the second one uses:

count = count + key

In case of the first one you are taking the value of a key of the dictionary and then adding the value to the previous count.

While in the second case you are adding the key (string) itself to the integer count, which is giving an error expectedly.

This will make you more clear:

#!/usr/bin/env python2
def total(initial=10, *numbers, **keywords):
    count = initial
    for fake in numbers:
        count = count + fake
    for key in keywords:
        print 'key is: ' + key
        print 'keyword is: ' + str(keywords)
        count = count + keywords[key]
    return count

I have added two lines to check the values to which my input is being interpreted as.

Now when i run:

print total(10, 5, fruits=10)

it gives:

key is: fruits
keyword is: {'fruits': 10}
25

I would suggest you to go though the basic data types used in python.


NO_MATCHING_ABIS error when installing *some* Android apps in Anbox

Let's take a look at the error message again:

Failure [INSTALL_FAILED_NO_MATCHING_ABIS: Failed to extract native libraries, res=-113]

This means that the app in question uses native C/C++ libraries, but the APK doesn't include a version that library which has been compiled for the CPU architecture of the the target device. Unlike Java, C/C++ code is not cross-platform, nor is it cross-architecture.

Some apps have different APKs for the different CPU architectures.

But, bottom line, this is the app developer's fault, not yours.


You can try to use Testdisk from a live Ubuntu session. This is simple console tool but very powerful.

Install it by running

sudo apt install testdisk

and run it by typing

sudo testdisk

Choose Create at the first screen and follow on screen instructions.

if it fails to find your partition with Quick Search method then try Deeper Search.

Here is a step by step guide to Testdisk from the developer of the program. Read that first if you are unsure about some options.


How to flash a BIOS when only a Windows binary is provided?

This site explains how to go about doing a BIOS update under Linux.

Quoted from the same site:

  So you've finally made the move to a Windows-free computer, you're
  enjoying your brand new Linux OS, no Trojans/viruses, no slowdown,
  everything is perfect. Suddenly, you need to update the BIOS on your
  motherboard to support some new piece of hardware, but typically the
  motherboard vendor is offering only DOS based BIOS flash utilities.
  You panic! Fortunately, this problem is easy to solve...

  Below are the steps to follow:

  Step 1: Download FreeDOS boot disk floppy image

  Step 2: Copy your BIOS flash utility and new BIOS image to the mounted
  floppy disk image

  Step 3: Burn a bootable CD which will emulate floppy device for use

  Step 4: Reboot, flash, reboot, enjoy your new BIOS

Source: linuxinsight.com


How to config hotkeys for switching between consoles in ubuntu

Those shortcuts are not defined by ubuntu, they are part of the basic linux kernel keyboard drivers.  Changing them appears to be possible by following the instructions here:

http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/187

The basics are that you need to create your own custom keymap file, then set up a custom upstart job to load that at boot time.  Note that you can make your keyboard completely unusable by doing this, so test it out before setting up the upstart job.


Swap technically doesn't have specific filesystem. The whole purpose of filesystem is to structure data in certain way. Swap partition in particular doesn't have structure, but it does have a specific header, which is created by mkswap program. In particular , this (taken from kernel.org):

 25 union swap_header {
 26     struct
 27     {
 28         char reserved[PAGE_SIZE - 10];
 29         char magic[10];
 30     } magic;
 31     struct
 32     {
 33         char     bootbits[1024];
 34         unsigned int version;
 35         unsigned int last_page;
 36         unsigned int nr_badpages;
 37         unsigned int padding[125];
 38         unsigned int badpages[1];
 39     } info;
 40 };

Each partition has specific code associated with it, and according to TLDP:

  code for ext2 is 0x83 and linux swap is 0x82

When swap file is involved, that's a slightly different story. The kernel must respect the fact that the filesystem may have their own way of structuring data. From the same kernel.org link:

  Remember that filesystems may have their own method of storing files
  and disk and it is not as simple as the swap partition where
  information may be written directly to disk. If the backing storage is
  a partition, then only one page-sized block requires IO and as there
  is no filesystem involved, bmap() is unnecessary.

In conclusion, technically you could call swap space a filesystem of its own type, but it's not quite comparable with filesystems like NTFS or ext4

You've also asked

  I want to know how it is possible to write in a storage space without file system

Strictly speaking, there's no need for RAM to be structured. However, portions of RAM can be structured as tmpfs under Unix-like OSes. There's also ramfs, and initramfs , which is what gets loaded during boot process. But the RAM data technically is supposed to be just raw 1s and 0s, so there's no need to structure them in anyway.


Server Setup Trouble... I Want VNC on a Headless Server

Not being able to ssh into a headless server without logging in on a local conole or GUI seems to me like major issue and should be treated as a separate issue. If you encrypt your home folder you will be unable to use key files without extra steps. Password login should still work.
As for the rest of it, getting a headless server with VNC from boot:

Install a basic GUI of choice
Disable GUI on startup

sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target

Install vnc server of choice

vnc4server is default?
tightvncserver
tigervnc-standalone-server
etc

Choose your VNC GUI

You can use Gnome or KDE if you want
Lower resource GUIs like fluxbox, openbox, xfce, may be preferable.

Configure your ~/.vnc/xstartup for gui/session and any desired applications

Your GUI/session of choice may offer various other startup application options.
FluxBox uses ~/.fluxbox/startup
Gnome, Cinnamon, Mate, etc use the Startup Application menu entry

Start the VNC session on boot with Cron

crontab -e
@reboot vncserver :1 -geometry 1920x1080 to start one on display :1 or port 5901

You should be able to use :0 which would be port 5900
Add additional -geometry WIDTHxHEIGHT entries for devices you might use. I think there's a maximum of 8 for vnc4server?
You can use xrandr -d :1 -s WIDTHxHEIGHT to switch resolution.


Is it possible to keep packages installed on ubuntu when booting from DVD

It is not possible with a DVD, but you can install Ubuntu on a USB and set it up to have persistance.  Just read the wiki https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LiveUsbPendrivePersistent


I can't tell you the cause, but you may change the other user's password without having to know it if you have root access (or access to an admin account who may use sudo, as you described):

sudo passwd USERNAME

The sudo will ask you first for your current account's password. After that you have to enter the new password for USERNAME twice. Note that none of the password inputs will be echoed, that means you see nothing while typing, not even asterisks.

Example transcript (running as user alphawolf, changing password of user bytecommander):

alphawolf@wolf-pack:~$ sudo passwd bytecommander
[sudo] password for alphawolf:
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully
alphawolf@wolf-pack:~$


Is it possible to keep custom PCM loudness level? What resets it to 100 all the time?

If I understand the question correctly you can set the volume using this command

amixer set Master 50%

therefore just add this to your startup applications and the volume will be set to your desired level whenever you log in.


How do I choose Ubuntu install size on Mac?

if you installed ubuntu "alongside" mac then you should ABSOLUTELY NOT use a partition wizard nor resize the partition of ubuntu because it will be on the same partition.

if you find that ubuntu is, in fact, installed on a SEPARATE partition, then follow my advice below.

if in doubt, just uninstall ubuntu (that would be a separate topic) and make sure, before you install it again, that you have made a separate partition for ubuntu to read as you may not have already had a partition specifically for ubuntu already made.

ive run in to this before where i have not been able to create a partition for ubuntu within the installer but when i created one beforehand i was able to figure out where to go from there within the installer.

it is also good to create a back-up partition as well and make sure that you LABEL THEM with a familiar name when you create them so you do not lose track of which one is which.

the way to find out if ubuntu is on a separate partition is to open a partition wizard of your choice and find out which partition is ubuntu, and which one is mac.

if there is only one partition then do not proceed to my below advice as it will just resize the partition with ubuntu and mac on it and could lead to errors if you are going to uninstall ubuntu and reinstall . .

if you find (FOR SURE) that ubuntu is in fact installed on a separate partition then follow my advice below.

: : :

just install a partition manager from the ubuntu software center or a partition manager in mac (from wherever you get your software from) .

make sure it has a good reputation and once you find one after a little bit of research, it will do the work for you after you figure out how to use it.

it might take a while once you start the process as it has to move all the files and make sure that there arent any stray ones that might get deleted AND move the ones it does find as well, so be patient once you have started the process.

remember, each partition manager has its own way to use it, but, they all basically do the same thing.

i am pretty new to ubuntu and ive done this before easily, the answer is yes, it can be done after you install, it just might take a minute.

my advice is to use wich operating system you are most comfortable with to do the partition resizing. ubuntu and mac both have good partition wizards as far as i am aware it is just a matter of preference to you of which one you are more comfortable working with right now.

i hesitate to suggest one specific answer because i dont know how experienced you are at this, but, id say after not more than a month of using ubuntu id found a partition program that did it all from ubuntu.

: : :

like i said, you are going to want to have ubuntu on a separate partition before you resize it or it will just resize ubuntu and mac together as they are installed pretty much on the same partition, otherwise . . .


How can I monitor and stress-test an overclocked Ubuntu system?

I'd recommend stress-ng (since I wrote it to stress test systems), it has a wide range of stress tests built into it. The matrix stressor is a good one to start with as it exercises cpu floating point, cache and memory, for example:

stress-ng --matrix 0 -t 60s --tz
stress-ng: info:  [10514] dispatching hogs: 4 matrix
stress-ng: info:  [10514] cache allocate: default cache size: 3072K
stress-ng: info:  [10514] successful run completed in 60.00s (1 min, 0.00 secs)
stress-ng: info:  [10514] matrix:
stress-ng: info:  [10514]               acpitz   78.00 °C
stress-ng: info:  [10514]         x86_pkg_temp   78.25 °C

the above runs the matrix stressor on all cpus for 60 seconds and dumps out the thermal zone temperatures for the ACPI thermal zone and the cpu package temperature.

The cpu stressor also contains a wide range of stress methods, for example, to stress the CPU exercising long double floating point operations on 2 CPUs for 30 seconds use the following:

stress-ng --cpu 2 --cpu-method longdouble  -t 30s --tz --metrics-brief
stress-ng: info:  [10572] dispatching hogs: 2 cpu
stress-ng: info:  [10572] cache allocate: default cache size: 3072K
stress-ng: info:  [10572] successful run completed in 30.00s
stress-ng: info:  [10572] stressor       bogo ops real time  usr time  sys time   bogo ops/s   bogo ops/s
stress-ng: info:  [10572]                           (secs)    (secs)    (secs)   (real time) (usr+sys time)
stress-ng: info:  [10572] cpu               71482     30.00     59.96      0.00      2382.65      1192.16
stress-ng: info:  [10572] cpu:
stress-ng: info:  [10572]               acpitz   76.00 °C
stress-ng: info:  [10572]         x86_pkg_temp   76.50 °C

To see all the cpu stressor methods, use:

stress-ng --cpu-method which
cpu-method must be one of: all ackermann bitops callfunc cdouble cfloat
clongdouble correlate crc16 decimal32 decimal64 decimal128 dither djb2a
double euler explog fft fibonacci float fnv1a gamma gcd gray hamming hanoi
hyperbolic idct int128 int64 int32 int16 int8 int128float int128double
int128longdouble int128decimal32 int128decimal64 int128decimal128
int64float int64double int64longdouble int32float int32double
int32longdouble jenkin jmp ln2 longdouble loop matrixprod nsqrt
omega parity phi pi pjw prime psi queens rand rand48 rgb sdbm sieve
sqrt trig union zeta

Consult the man page for stress-ng; it has many options for stress testing. See also the stress-ng project page.


Chmod error changing permission read only file system

I guess you can use the below command to remount:
adb remount

this solution should work for the above issue


rm -rf recovery in Ubuntu using Terminal

Unless you have an alias somewhere rm (or /bin/rm) completely deletes a file from the disk. At that point the only way you might be able to recover is use data recovery software.


Wanting to start development for Ubuntu (and most Linux distributions in general), which is suitable? Python or Vala?

Other than the old argument about which programming language is better, which I won't get into (even though Python is the greatest thing since sliced bread), I'd say both are equally well suited to writing Apps for the Gnome desktop.

Pygtk, the Python GTK bindings, have been used to create applications like PiTiVi, Deluge, emesene, Exaile, Jokosher, and WingIDE.

I can't find a list of applications written in Vala (though I know about Shotwell). But since it's very much designed to be a language for the Gnome destkop, you can be pretty sure you won't be disappointed by its GTK/GObject integration.

Try them both and use which ever you like best. They are both excellent tools to create GTK Applications. You might also want to take a look at Some Vala code and Some Python code.


I would argue for another option. Rather than mess about with the permissions of /media/<username> which was set as a security measure in Linux that one modify the samba share definition instead:
[for-widelink-test]
   path = /media/<username>/<somemount>/<somedir>
   read only = yes
   browsable = yes
   guest ok = no
   valid users = sambausr
   force user = <username>
   follow symlinks = yes
   wide links = yes
   unix extensions = no

"valid users" will restrict who gets access to the share but once accepted that user will be converted to <username> by "force user" - at least for that share.


Specifying X windows' geometry in the coordinates obtained from  wmctrl

The --geometry option for gnome-terminal is actually measured in characters, rather than pixels. For example, to get an 80 column terminal only 10 lines high, you can launch gnome-terminal like this:

gnome-terminal --geometry 80x10

The terminal will resize in increments of the font character size, which it communicates to the Xserver using WM_NORMAL_HINTS. You can examine these using the xprop command. For example, here I find a Terminal window id, and ask xprop about it:

$ wmctrl -lG | tail -n1
0x06400021  0 592  314  580  338  myhostname kees@myhostname: ~
$ xprop -id 0x6400021
...
WM_NORMAL_HINTS(WM_SIZE_HINTS):
        program specified minimum size: 48 by 16
        program specified resize increment: 7 by 14
        program specified base size: 20 by 2
        window gravity: NorthWest
...

In the above case, the font size is 7 by 14 pixels. So if I wanted a 70 by 140 pixel Terminal, I could run gnome-terminal --geometry 10x10 (though it would be 20 x 2 pixels larger than that based on the window manager decorations, etc, as seen in the "specific base size" above).


How to make the terminal autoclose when a command runs successfully?

use the following command

bind 'RETURN: ";if [[ $? == 0 ]]; then exit; fi;\n"'

if you need it work everytime when you start new session, add this command to ~/.bashrc file, and then run source ~/.bashrc to make it take effect immediately.

then if you enter

ls

it will be automatically replaced by

ls; if [[ $? == 0 ]]; then exit; fi;


Bash al (alias local) function not found

Yes. The simplest approach would be to have a file where your aliases are defined in each directory. So, for example:

$ cat dir1/.alias
alias eg='echo "this is dir1"'
$ cat dir2/.alias
alias eg='echo "this is dir2"'

In the example above, each directory contains a file called .alias where the eg alias is defined. Now, cd into one of them, source the file, and the alias becomes available:

$ cd dir1 && source .alias
$ eg
This is dir1
$ cd ../dir2 && source .alias
$ eg
This is dir2

If you want this done automatically, add this line to your ~/.bashrc:

## Check if an '.alias' file exists and, if it does, source it.
PROMPT_COMMAND='[ -e .alias ] && source .alias'

The PROMPT_COMMAND variable defines a command that is executed before each prompt is shown, so after any command you run. This means that as soon as you more into a directory that contains an .alias file, this file will be sourced.

Notes

This is insecure. Any code within the .alias file will be executed. Use at your own risk. The manual approach is much safer.
Any aliases defined in the .alias file will still be available after you leave the directory, until they are overwritten by another alias definition with the same name. If that is a problem, you can clear all aliases and then re-load your global ones with:

unalias -a && . /etc/bash.bashrc && . ~/.bashrc && . ~/.bash_aliases

To simplify it, make it a function by adding these lines to your ~/.bashrc:

clear_aliases(){
    unalias -a && . /etc/bash.bashrc && . ~/.bashrc && . ~/.bash_aliases;
}

You will then be able to run clear_aliases to reset your defaults.


How to install additional language packs on Ubuntu Gnome 15.04?

The terminal way

The terminal way is excellent described in answer of @GunnarHjalmarsson and in the answer of @Serg.

The GUI way

Start the Language Support via GNOME Shell or language-selector-gnome (GNOME 3.14) or gnome-language-selector (GNOME 3.16) in a terminal.

Click Install / Remove Languages… and select one or more languages to install


I run uninstall.sh but "command not found", what more I can do?

Had same problem with uninstallin Code42/Crashplan. First Ubuntu 20.04 went fine, but second gave same error as you had. I just changed the permissions of the uninstall.sh
file to "Allow executing file as program" in Nautilus and everything went fine
after.
cd ~/Downloads/code42-install
sudo ./uninstall.sh -i /usr/local/crashplan


I went into Mate Tweak and checked Show Desktop Icons.


Running QQ : Can't find Python 3.3.1 in apt-get or synaptic

You can upgrade to Ubuntu 13.04, which includes Python 3.3.1, or request a backport of python3.3 to 12.10. Upgrading to 13.04 might be a good idea since you're on a non-LTS release already.


Manual Mount

sudo lsblk

sudo mkdir /media/USB

sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /media/USB -o udi=1001

Here assumes /dev/sdb1 is your device and 1001 is user id


Ubuntu server 14.04.5 LTS static ip no internet

That seems to be a external IP what i suggest you do is remove everything again and change yoru file to this:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

After that save it connect to the internet again and type in the console:

ifconfig and copy that into a comment here


My average laptop temperature is 75C. Is it Normal?

You need to turn off your Radeon GPU in order to resolve your problem with temperature and fan sound! I used that method on 12.04, 12.10 and is working perfectly.

Check THIS question also.

More informations about Hybrid Graphics here


You can add the following below to the very bottom of your ~/.bashrc file. There is already a section in ~/.bashrc that starts with the title # If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir. Comment this section out. This will automatically update the title of your terminal to the last command run. You will also want to go to Edit > Preferences > General > Title > Dynamically-set title. I have "Replaces initial title" selected from the dropdown menu. After updating this and the ~/.bashrc you'll need to open a new terminal session for changes to take effect. Now, the dynamic title will be on the tab, the window title, the Window Button title on the panel, and the alt tab title.

# If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir
case "$TERM" in
xterm*|rxvt*)
    #PS1="\[\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h: \w\a\]$PS1"
    trap 'echo -ne "\e]0;$BASH_COMMAND\007"' DEBUG
    ;;
*)
    ;;
esac

trap assigns a command to execute at a given bash signal.
In the $BASH_COMMAND you find the last command.
You can set the terminal title with the escape sequence: \e]0; this is the title\007.
To let the echo care about the backslashes give the -e to it.

Source


XFCE global appmenu (vala appmenu) in Xubuntu 18.04

I had the same problem. You have to run

sudo apt-get install xfce4-appmenu-plugin

to install it. That worked for me.


WiFi randomly turning off or disconnecting (lenovo t540p, Ubuntu 14.04)

Disable Power Management

Bring interface down.

sudo ifconfig wlan0 down

Disable Power Management.

sudo iwconfig wlan0 power off

Bring the interface up again.

sudo ifconfig wlan0 up

If it works, make it permanent by putting it into script or through pm-utils.

Disable n

If you have intel type of wireless card, you might want to try disabling n-wireless.


You have not configured your ssh config file.
You need to generate the ssh keys using the command
ssh-keygen

Then you need to add the user name of the remote server by adding the user in ssh config file.
 For detailed information you can try this link


Copying default puredyne audio settings?

As far as I know the only options for JACK are passed from command-line, when the daemon is started. The only config file I know is ~/.jackdrc (i guess it is used by qjackctl) which stores the command that is used to run JACK, with all the arguments. So for example my ~/.jackdrc contains:

/usr/bin/jackd -P5 -m -dalsa -dplughw:0 -r44100 -p1024 -n3 -o4

It does store full config. So if you want to copy the configuration from puredyne, have a look into this file.


Add the folder's name to all `.bin` files in that folder

You can do this by using find, basename, dirname and mv commands. For example like in this simple script:

#!/bin/bash

for f in $(find ABC -name '*.bin');
do
  filename="$(basename $f)"
  dir="$(dirname $f)"
  lastdir="$(basename $dir)"
  newname="$lastdir-$filename"
  newpath="$dir/$newname"
  mv $f $newpath
done

Here I'm using find to recursively find all .bin files in ABC, then iterate over them and extracting the last folder name. Then the new path is constructed and the file is moved to the same directory but with the new name.

Edit:
In order to execute this script copy its contents to some file. Let's say the filename is renameFiles.sh. Then make it executable:

chmod +x renameFiles.sh

After this you can execute it with ./renameFiles.sh. Notice that the folder where you put this file should be the same where your ABC folder is located.

renameFiles.sh
ABC
  aa.bin
  bb.bin
  ABC1
    aa1.bin
    etc.


Python scripting - How to execute linux commands?

You surely can do everything using Python's built-in stuff from os and subprocess modules.

A slightly tricky thing would be if you want your script to "interact" with the programs you're invoking (like "wait until it prints 'Press Enter to continue', then send it an Enter keypress) - for that you can use pexpect module.

For slightly higher-level way have a look at the Fabric library - besides running local commands it would also allow you to easily execute code on remote machines via SSH.

A small sample of code using Fabric:

if "dirty" in api.local("git describe --dirty", capture=True):
    print colors.red("""Your repository is dirty, commit any changes first""")
    sys.exit(1)

Reads almost like poetry:) Similar code in Bash would look like unintelligible mess in comparison...


Is there tool to see call-stack of running thread similar to Process Explorer by Sysinternals?

Gdb, the GNU debugging utility, can provide such functionality, although only for selected programs or processes individually. There is not an easy way to do it and switch between the call-stacks of the processes running on the system like the Sysinternals program does on Windows. However, you could try pstack, but I have not had much success with it.

You also have to install the dbg packages (i.e. the symbol packages) so that any gdb call-stack backtrace will work. See the Ubuntu wiki for more information on these packages. Basically, the dbg version of the package is installed very like the normal one is. You run, for example,

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-core-dbg

You can do a backtrace on a program by starting the program under gdb or you can do one on a program already running by attaching gdb to that process: please see here for further details.

Please see the official manual for more information on gdb and backtracing and  more generally useful information is here at the Ubuntu debugging page.

Additional ways of analysing running processes using strace,etc, which are of use to developers, etc, in analysing a process and its system calls, as opposed to stack calls, have been moved to this question here (as I thought they are now more relevant there):

How do I know which file a program is trying to access?


if firefox can open file-based resources then there shouldn't be an issue.  I'd suggest the following:

Use the pre-built distribution from here: https://github.com/wordnik/swagger-ui/downloads  Otherwise you'll need to follow the instructions to build it from scratch, since the source uses coffeescript, etc.
Open the network panel to see if there are requests to external resources.  If you're hosting the swagger-based json files on a web server, or using server integration to create them automatically, you might need to set the Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * as described here: https://github.com/wordnik/swagger-core/wiki/java-jax-rs
Look in the console output to see if there is any javascript error emitted from reading an invalid spec file

You shouldn't need to install coffeescript or handlebars to run the UI, only build it.


You are on an LTS version of Ubuntu recommended for enterprise, for Home users I would recommend version 13.10 as it is the latest and most updated stable version of ubuntu.

Your problem may be that firefox is not updated (latest version is v26.0).

Try to install Midory and check if the problem is solved:

http://midori-browser.org/download/ubuntu/

it is based on Chrome and Safari, same webkit renderer.


How to make openvpn to accessible to specific user only in shred ubuntu system

Try to make same firewall rule based on output rule and you ip address. This mining that you must have always the same ip address gived from vpn server and access the same remote ip address.

ufw allow out INTERFACE tcp from ADDRESS to ADDRESS

Also you can make rule to allow only your ip address can access to vpn


Ubuntu touch Terminal app asks for password

If you set a passcode or passphrase lock on your phone, that is also your user password that the Terminal (and also File Manager) will ask for.

This is a security precaution, since Terminal and File Manager have permission to access all your user data, you don't want somebody picking up your unlocked phone and doing evil things with your files.


apt-get upgrade error for Python packages in Ubuntu 16.04

This answer worked for me =)

sudo dpkg --install --force all /var/cache/apt/archives/libpython3.6-stdlib_3.6.5-5~16.04.york1_amd64.deb

From: https://stackoverflow.com/a/50408787/1503549

NB: Remember to perform the following afterwards:

sudo apt install -f

Replace "apt" with "apt-get"/"aptitude", or whatever apt-derivative you're using.


the aa-enforce command for apparmor results in a "command not found" error

/usr/sbin/aa-enforce is part of the package apparmor-utils, which isn't installed per default.

Therefore install the package with

sudo apt-get install apparmor-utils


How To Install And Test KDE Plasma 5 On Ubuntu 14.04

Trusty

Since Dec, 05 2014, project neon is no more available as a PPA, unfortunately.

Utopic

Utopic is shipped with Plasma 4. If you want Plasma 5 there is a KDE Next PPA (which will provide updated KDE too), but it'll replace the current installed KDE

Install

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/next
sudo apt update
sudo apt install kubuntu-plasma5-desktop
sudo apt full-upgrade

And finally, after save all your work:

sudo reboot

Sources

Kubuntu CI: the replacement for Project Neon - blogs.kde.org
Frameworks/Binary Packages - KDE Community Wiki


gnome3 isn't installing on Ubuntu due to unmet dependencies

Open a terminal and type the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get install gnome-shell gnome-shell-extensions

Please post any errors, thanks.

Aah, it appears you don't have the universe repository enabled.

Go to software center or synaptic and go to edit > software sources and there should be an option to enable it from there.

After enabling the repository(ies) you will need to run those commands above to get everything up to date before you try and install it.

I have all repos enabled and have double verified that this installs on a newly installed and fully updated Ubuntu Desktop 14.04lts just fine with no dependency issues. I even went ahead and installed ubuntu-gnome-desktop after gnome-shell installed with no issues.

While you are at it, you can install synaptic, if not already installed, to see if there are any broken packages that need to be fixed. Synaptic has a tool to fix broken package if they do exist. Click on "fix broken packages" from one of the dropdown menus and then click "apply". Although, it doesn't appear this is the problem because you don't have the correct dependencies so you should already get that error but if need be.

Also, there may be issues setting your network preferences from gnome-shell (all the newer versions of gnome-shell are lacking in this area anyhow imo)


after much trial and error i finally found the solution:

instead of:

Anywhere                   ALLOW IN    192.168.122.0/24 22/tcp

the correct rule should be:

 22/tcp                     ALLOW IN    192.168.122.0/24

i mistakenly specified the source port instead of the destination port. This was caused by using the short form  of the ufw allow command:

ufw allow from 192.168.122.0/24 port 22  proto tcp

correct form:

ufw allow from 192.168.122.0/24 to any port 22 proto tcp


I've found a bug report with exactly the same problem as well as audio devices. It's not a fix, but rather a workaround, but it seems to have worked for at least two users with HP's DV6s.

To try the workaround, open a terminal window (ctrl-alt-t), and copy/paste the following:

sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

...then add the following lines to the bottom of the file, save and exit.

alias snd-card-0 snd-hda-intel
alias sound-slot-0 snd-hda-intel
options snd-hda-intel model=dell-m4-1 enable_msi=1

To test, either reboot, or run pulseaudio -k && sudo alsa force-reload.


I concur with mikeymop: Gnome Terminal, the default terminal emulator of Ubuntu, supports tabs (see below). So do many other popular terminal emulators. You could easily run ssh in any or each of the tabs.

An other options would be a terminal multiplexer like screen or tmux.


Two monitors, two DP-connectors, Ubuntu sees those as one

I was having this exact same problem. It happened when I switched my video card driver from the proprietary one to the open source one. Ubuntu only saw one monitor and the image was mirrored across both. Tried a bunch of different solutions, nothing worked, finally switched back to the proprietary driver and that fixed it again.


unable to securely remove '/usr/bin/gsettings.dpkg-new': Permission denied

Look like a problem with the archive. Try removing it by doing the following:

sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite /var/cache/apt/archives/libglib2.0-bin_2.56.4-0ubuntu0.18.04.4_amd64.deb

This question looks a lot like this and it was already explained in more detail


What kind of partition do I want to install Ubuntu on?

You most certainly want to use Ext4.  It's the best out of them all when it comes to functionality and efficiency for Ubuntu.  It should be the default.

Don't forget that you can always install to free space and let the automagic installer take care of everything.


Display only shows part of what ought to be displayed

The problem is caused by yet another reason to hate TV called "overscan". Overscan stretches the image out a bit.

I was able to turn it off by choosing "Bildanpassung" as the image mode in the TV's image settings. It was set to "16:9" by default.

"Bildanpassung" is German and roughly translates to "image adaptation". Really, I don't see how this how this makes sense. I just tried every option, hoping that one works out for me. This one (and only this one) does. Plus, the image is much sharper, now.

16:9 should be the default but it should mean that the display shows every pixel as the HDMI signal tells it to. Image adaptation should mean that the image is adapted to conform with the old overscan. If you face the same problem, just try out every image setting of your screen first.


DisplayPort 1.2 added support for Multi-Stream Transport (MST), enabling multiple monitors to be used via a single DisplayPort connector. This function requires either monitors that are capable of DisplayPort 1.2 daisy-chaining, or use of a DisplayPort MST Hub. The first MST hub became available in September 2013, enabling up to 3 displays to be connected to a single DisplayPort connector.[33]

Single Stream Transport (SST) was specified in DisplayPort 1.1a for use between a single Source and Sink Device.

Ref: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/DisplayPort#Dual-mode_DisplayPort


How to remove docker from Windows subsystem?

Somehow the /var/run/docker-ssd.pid file identified a process id for a process that either failed to start or was killed without cleaning up the file.

However it came to be, removing this file allowed the cleanup to finish.

~ sudo rm /var/run/docker-ssd.pid

~ sudo apt-get --purge remove docker-ce
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  docker-ce*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 85.4 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
(Reading database ... 36058 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing docker-ce (5:18.09.6~3-0~ubuntu-bionic) ...
invoke-rc.d: could not determine current runlevel
 * Docker already stopped - file /var/run/docker-ssd.pid not found.
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
(Reading database ... 36048 files and directories currently installed.)
Purging configuration files for docker-ce (5:18.09.6~3-0~ubuntu-bionic) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-21) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (237-3ubuntu10.21) …

~ docker
zsh: command not found: docker

An interesting side note: perhaps the issue is not, in fact, with WSL. It looks like others have run into similar problems and been able to resolve them. See Docker for Linux GitHub issue #52: Package modification by apt fails on Linux Subsystem for Windows


Ubuntu bash if lessthan else condition returning error [: -lt: argument expected

Change the $cp variable to $cprice which is what you read in the line that says read cprice.

echo enter selling price
read sprice
echo enter costprice
read cprice

if [ $sprice -lt $cprice ]
  then
    echo Loss
else
    echo Profit
fi

The script returns Profit even if $sprice has the same value as $cprice, so to be accurate add these lines to your script:

elif [ $sprice -eq $cprice ]
  then
    echo Break\ even

So what you end up with is:

echo enter selling price
read sprice
echo enter costprice
read cprice

if [ $sprice -lt $cprice ]
  then
    echo Loss
elif [ $sprice -eq $cprice ]
  then
    echo Break\ even
else
    echo Profit
fi


Unzip file in order to get csv files with read and write permissions

In the same command window and directory where you did the unzip file.zip use sudo chown --reference=. * (sudo needed to change ownerships - security). Here's a demonstration:

                       # first, create an ownsership nightmare
walt@bat:~/tmp/test1(0)$ touch t y u
walt@bat:~/tmp/test1(0)$ sudo chown nobody t
walt@bat:~/tmp/test1(0)$ sudo chown root:root u
walt@bat:~/tmp/test1(0)$ sudo chown lp:lp y
walt@bat:~/tmp/test1(0)$ ll
total 24
-rw-rw-r-- 1 nobody walt 0 Nov 24 15:43 t
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root   root 0 Nov 24 15:43 u
-rw-rw-r-- 1 lp     lp   0 Nov 24 15:43 y

                        # now fix it with 1 command
walt@bat:~/tmp/test1(0)$ sudo chown --reference=. *
                        # see, fixed!
walt@bat:~/tmp/test1(0)$ ll
total 24
-rw-rw-r-- 1 walt walt 0 Nov 24 15:43 t
-rw-rw-r-- 1 walt walt 0 Nov 24 15:43 u
-rw-rw-r-- 1 walt walt 0 Nov 24 15:43 y
walt@bat:~/tmp/test1(0)$


The vimtutor command requires a Vim that has Vim scripting support compiled in. For those familiar with building Vim from source, this requires at least the normal feature set or higher.

The default Ubuntu desktop installation only includes the vim-tiny  package, which is Vim compiled with almost all optional features disabled. This variant of Vim provides enough to run vi with all of the basic functionality of a vi-compatible editor, but none of the power of Vim. Since it does not have Vim scripting support enabled, it cannot work with the vimtutor command. You should install one of the more capable Vim variant packages instead:

vim
vim-athena
vim-gnome
vim-gtk
vim-nox

Any one of these packages provide a Vim that is capable of running vimtutor. For more about the differences between these Vim variants, see the following questions:

What is the difference between the different vim packages available in Ubuntu
What features does vim-tiny have?
Difference between vim-gtk and vim-gnome
Which vim version can I use?


You can compile it with

sudo apt-get install xutils-dev libxml2 libxml2-dev libncurses5-dev

git clone https://github.com/nwdigitalradio/rmsgw
make
sudo make install

After successful compilation I can launch rmsgwmon.

Also you can check its INSTALLING file.


Why do I receive Software Update notifications if there are no updates available?

If you run the new 'Ubuntu Software' application (same icon as the old 'Ubuntu Software Centre', i.e. a capital 'A') the you will see the updates. I'm not sure why 'Software Updater' (icon  is a circle with arrows) is out of sync but it is. I asked a related question
here


The problem you are facing is related to hardware, you are using a 2.5 inch external HDD enclosure that has no power source except the power provided by the USB ports.

Most modern hard disks require a certain amount of power to start spinning that sometimes the USB port is not enough to supply, what is happening in 1 computer is that the spin up is taking a long time but the drive starts on the 2nd computer the drive is not spining up fast enough so the computer does not recognize the drive.

To avoid this most drives capable of booting will have an extra power supply that you can use with your disk. Yours, as far as I can see, does not.


HP: Set media buttons on the Fx buttons as secundary action

You'll have to change the setting in the BIOS:

When you computer is booting, press F10 to access BIOS settings.

Navigate to:

  System Configuration

and set:

  Action Keys Mode

to:

  Disabled

Save and exit.

http://h10025.www1.hp.com/ewfrf/wc/document?cc=us&lc=en&dlc=en&docname=c02035108


This wine installation procedure was tested for gaming purposes and is running on Xubuntu 20.04 LTS machines.
a) Go to: https://wiki.winehq.org/Ubuntu for aditional information
b) Open the app Terminal and execute the following commands:
su – administratoraccount and password
c) Activate 32 bits architecture:
sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
d) Download repository key:
wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key and then sudo apt-key add winehq.key
e) Add the repository for ubuntu 20.04:
sudo add-apt-repository 'deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ focal main'
f) Update packages:
sudo apt update
g) Install the wine package suitable for the needs. Please, see Wine FAQ under the section 2.2 Which version of Wine should I use? on https://wiki.winehq.org/FAQ#Which_version_of_Wine_should_I_use.3F In this case the Development branch is used.
sudo apt install --install-recommends winehq-devel
h) Install winetricks:
sudo apt install winetricks
i) Install dxvk package:
sudo apt install dxvk
Note:
Checking wine version installed: wine --version


Ubuntu 20.04 - Small Cursor in some applications - 4k Screen with 200% Scaling

I had the same issue.
What fixed it for me was:
Go into:
settings->accessibility->cursor size
And then change it to something really big. It should change directly, but did not for me (nothing happened, but leave it like that). Eventually the setting did take effect, but the scaling was still different on the different applications. When I changed it back to normal size though, it got the same size everywhere and immediately.
Bonkers.
I suppose some setting was not correctly migrated in the upgrade from 18.04.


Compatible OS on AMD APU Dual Core-E1-2100 with 2Gb RAM

You can easily install the latest version of Ubuntu (14.04) 64bit version.

You can download it from here


Can't Get Ubuntu Desktop Working on Ubuntu Server [Stuck With Guest Account]

To solve this, I had to create an additional user account aside from the root account I was logging in with into the terminal.
I got back into the terminal and followed the following instructions found on this website:
http://www.upubuntu.com/2011/07/how-to-create-new-user-account-from.html

Get to the terminal and run this command to create a new user:
sudo useradd username
Replace "username" with the username you want to create.
Now assign a password for this new user with this command:
sudo passwd username
Create now a home directory for this new user with this command (I named the directory the same as the username):
sudo mkdir /home/username
Run now this command to change the owner of /home/username to this new user:
sudo chown username /home/username
Now grant access to this new user to /home/username with this command:
sudo chgrp username /home/username
You have now successfully created a new user. This user account will begin to appear in the login window at Ubuntu startup. If you want to grant this user root privileges (user can execute "sudo" commands), which is not a recommended step (be careful), then use this command from the Terminal:
sudo adduser username sudo


Nemo dpkg error when upgrading PPA version

Answer from OP:

Sometimes when installing/upgrading a package, you get an error about it trying to overwrite some file which is also found in some other package and this results in a error that won't let you install/upgrade that package.

In most cases, such errors occur when some file was moved from one package to another in a newer version. Here is an example of such an error:

Unpacking replacement smplayer ...
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/smplayer_0.6.9+svn3595-1ppa1~maverick1_i386.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/share/smplayer/translations/smplayer_eu.qm', which is also in package smplayer-translations 0.6.9-1
dpkg-deb: subprocess paste killed by signal (Broken pipe)

Fixing this (in most cases but probably not all) is quite simple: look for path of the file that caused the error - in my first example that would be /var/cache/apt/archives/smplayer_0.6.9+svn3595-1ppa1~maverick1_i386.deb, and run the following command:

sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite /var/cache/apt/archives/smplayer_0.6.9+svn3595-1ppa1~maverick1_i386.deb

If --force-overwrite doesn't work, you can try --force-all instead.

In the above command, replace /var/... with the exact path to the .deb that caused the error on your computer.

Source


Problem with SQLite connection with LibreOffice

You need to install both unixodbcand libsqliteodbc.

sudo apt install unixodbc libsqliteodbc

This automatically installs the driver declaration in /etc/odbcinst.ini. Then you will need to declare your databases in a file .odbc.ini in your home folder. This config file looks like

[mydatabase]
Description=Description of your database
Driver=SQLite3
Database=<full path and name of your sqlite3 database file
# optional lock timeout in milliseconds
Timeout=2000

For each database, you need to access a similar block. To be sure, restart your system. You should now be able to connect to these databases from within Libreoffice Base.


As I recall, this is a bug. Open the preferences...

Click on Indicator Items...

Click the Add button and add an empty definition in front of the CPU definition. Use the Up button if need be to make it look exactly like what I've shown.


Ubuntu has a great walk-through on how to create a bootable USB drive to install Ubuntu. I just did the install on my XPS 13 and it looks like it was working pretty well. The touch-pad isn't working too good though and it tends to overheat. Still working out the kinks on those items.


How does one change the chromium icon automatically after updating?

Allan's answer should work, but here is another way:

Copy /usr/share/applications/chromium-browser.desktop to your Desktop:

cp /usr/share/applications/chromium-browser.desktop ~/Desktop
Select a custom icon.

Right click -> Properties -> Permissions -> Check Allow executing file as program.
Now go back to the Basic tab and click on the icon in the upper left to select a new icon.
Move this launcher to ~/.local/share/applications/:

cp ~/Desktop/chromium-browser.desktop ~/.local/share/applications
You should now see this launcher with the icon you selected in the Application menu, so add it to your Dock.
That's it! This launcher won't be overwritten every time you upgrade Chromium. You may need to restart your dock for it to notice.


How do i run a .sh file on startup (ubuntu server)

Copy everything in the script (excluding #!/bin/xxxx) into /etc/rc.local.

You may need to run:

systemctl enable rc-local.service

Easy!


Install an application so that it can be launched from the terminal

The programs to be executed are searched in the directories defined in the environment variable PATH.  You can see what you have defined using:

$ cat $PATH

Assuming you have the executable available in /opt/firefox/bin, then you can do:

$ export PATH=$PATH:/opt/firefox/bin

To make permanent, you have to add that line it in your ~/.bashrc.


How to install Windows XP from Ubuntu via USB

Unless you have a modified SETUPLDR.BIN, it won't work from USB directly.

Needed:

    Modified SETUPLDR.BIN

    special stuff in the bootsector of the partition (use ms-sys).

    Modified copy of txtsetup.sif copied to the root level

    NTDETECT.COM copied to root level

WinUSB does not do this, UNetBootin does not do this, the diskpart tutorial does not do this, WinToFlash does not do this, and bit-banging the iso onto the device with dd does not do this.

Rufus does this. However, it is a Windows-only utility (that is unsupported by Wine), so follow the tutorial here (the big post):

https://superuser.com/questions/99478/make-a-bootable-usb-to-install-windows-xp-from-linux

You could also try to use QEMU or VirtualBox where you actually make one of the VM's hard drives be your real target hard dirve, and simply have the hypervisor boot the iso like a CD (actual hardware emulation, not BIOS disk emulation that Grub4DOS does. Yes, a "real fake" as opposed to a "fake fake".).
Just note that you will need to make a second hardware profile, because Windows configures itself to a specific hardware configuration during the first part of the installation, and the hardware platform conjured by the hypervisor is not the same as your real hardware platform.
Not sure if this would work. I recommend imitating Rufus.

The method of loading the whole iso into memory and booting it usually results in a blue screen at some point. Firadisk stops that blue screen. If you really want to do that method, see this: http://diddy.boot-land.net/firadisk/files/win_iso_install.htm

Edit: Just tried Multisystem (a Linux app) for making a USB drive bootable into the XP installer. It does work, however, it uses the method of loading the whole iso into memory in conjunction with Firadisk, as the above link discusses.

Personally, I find Multisystem's specific solution to creating a USB XP installer undesirable. I had to install xterm and run an installation script that downloaded a bunch of stuff. The resultant USB drive of me only telling Multisystem to make it bootable from an XP installation iso included Grub2, Syslinux, Grub4DOS, a bootable Grub2 iso, Plop stuff, and a bunch of menu entries. You have to know to hit "Grub4DOS" under the first menu, the Grub2 menu, to get to the option to install XP. You'd think that if that's the only thing I want it bootable into, XP installation would be in the first menu (yes, I know, it's not possible with the Grub4DOS method, but how about a note in the menu?). Plus it has to load the whole iso into memory which takes both RAM and time. (What if system doesn't have enough RAM?)

And Multisystem insists on installing Grub2 every time you use it with a thumb drive (even if it's already installed) and even wanted to resize my thumb drive's partition. And puts a bunch of extra on there.

Note:  must install Firadisk from the non-free tab for it to be able to make a USB XP installer. A howto I read said to also install Plop for creating a USB XP installer, but I don't see how this is needed.

Another Note:  you must boot into the second phase of the XP installer with the Grub4DOS menu option to again load the iso into memory, which is still needed in the second phase. (As opposed to just booting into the target hard drive) That is, if you go for the RAM'ed iso + Firadisk method.

I recommend imitating what Rufus does. Just copy the files on and make a few tweaks.

Jake


The software center is a tool which allows you to view all software packages held in the ubuntu repository in a graphical user interface. It's the utility which looks like this:

On the other hand, installation by command line uses tools such as apt-get install to install packages. While the same packages are found in the command line installation utilities and the software center, the use of the terminal allows packages to be installed in situations like on servers where GUI's aren't present.


A few notes:

1) Upgrading directly from 10.10 to 12.04 isn't supported. You would need to upgrade to 11.04, then 11.10, then 12.04. At this point, probably better/easier to backup everything, install 12.04, then restore everything. (I usually recommend a fresh install anyway)

2) Upgrading to 12.04 will upgrade MythTV to 0.25 at the same time (0.25 ships with 12.04). That said, I've seen numerous recommendations that you shouldn't upgrade both at the same time and that you should upgrade MythTV first, then upgrade the distro. (I usually run the latest version of MythTV anyway, so I've personally never tested upgrading both at the same time)

3) To upgrade the MythTV version, you will need to enable the Mythbuntu repos, select 0.25 in the Mythbuntu Control Centre, then update the machine as usual. (I recommend having this repo enabled as it gives you new builds from the MythTV fixes branch)


Boot to the Ubuntu Live DVD (or USB flash drive, if you must)and choose Try Ubuntu. BEFORE double-clicking on the Install Ubuntu icon on the desktop, lets check a few settings...

Open System Settings from the rightmost icon in the upper panel. Select Brightness & Lock. Set Turn screen off when inactive for to NEVER. Set lock to OFF.

Next, go back to All Settings and choose Power. Set Suspend when inactive for to NEVER.

Close System Settings and now try to install Ubuntu by double-clicking on the Install Ubuntu icon on the desktop.

Keep us posted. Cheers, Al


Can't SSH to Raspberry Pi via wired connection with static IP

Must've been super groggy, because I didn't realize that the subnet I set for the Pi is 24, not 16.

After changing that and setting the renderer to networkd, it now works.

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      addresses: [169.254.2.14/16]

Though I set NetworkManager's ethernet.enabled to true, so I thought that should've worked (# snap set network-mananger ethernet.enable=true, which I got from here).

In addition, I had to run # systemctl disable systemd-networkd-wait-online.service & # systemctl mask systemd-networkd-wait-online.service in order for the Pi to boot faster (thanks to this answer).  Leaving it enabled made the Pi stuck & waiting for connection (correct me if I'm wrong).


Cannot run .bundle (VMware) Tired solutions. General advice about linux packages

Ryan, installing is rather simple. I'm linking a more complete instructions here, but the first step is to "run" this bundle. Just do: "./sudo VM*.bundle" in your Downloads folder ... providing that that VM* returns only this particular download file. You have to give first execution permissions to file this (in file properties).
There is one prerequisite that is mentioned in the link. Without that you might not be able to compile and thus VMware wouldn't start - which it will tell you immediately. In computer BIOS, you must turn Virtualization ON - that is a rather new requirement.
HOWEVER, I'm very interested to hear if it really works with a VM in your version 20.10. I just recently found that I cannot get it run with any realistic speed in Ubuntu versions 18.04 and 20.04. 16.04 works fine. I have had questions open in two Ubuntu Forums and VMware Forum, but nobody seems to be able to answer.
If you have more questions, don't hesitate to ask. I have used VMware (Pro and Player) 15+ years, professional every day use, on Ubuntu and Windows, it's wonderful software, and these latest mishaps are really irritating for me.
Here is the link:
https://phoenixnap.com/kb/install-vmware-workstation-ubuntu
Back in the day, I wrote a document how to "Speed up" VMware to get most of it. I found out that many people were running it not in an optimal way. I would need to revisit that document to edit it a bit for an update and for removing off-topic things. If somebody is interested, please let me know -it's not a big deal for me to update it.


lubuntu-desktop is just a metapackage that install all lubuntu-related packages in a single step, hence it depends of all the packages that comes installed by default in any lubuntu installation. It can be deleted safely but you should be sure that only that package and nothing more gets uninstalled along with:

sudo apt-get remove lubuntu-desktop

With that, just remove the dependency that you want get rid of:

sudo apt-get remove abiword

And it's done.

Your method by Synaptic is equal good, but again, be sure only the packages that you want gone are removed.


I want to install Windows 7 with Ubuntu 12.04 without losing data.

First do a backup of your Ubuntu data (/home, /etc, /opt /usr/local)
Next create a partition for Win 7 in Ubuntu using gparted
Boot your Win 7 CD/DVD and choose the newly created partition for Win 7
After finishing the Win 7 Installation you need to restore the MBR
See here how to do it.


How to make a bootable ISO from a bootable DVD using the command line?

I found here how to do it using the dd command and as far as I can tell it will work for any bootable media.

The command below created a bootable DVD image of my Windows 7 installation disc from the Ubuntu command line:

dd if=/dev/cdrom of=/output/path/forYourImage.iso bs=2k

Note 1: the generated image will only be bootable if the source media is bootable.

Note 2: in my case, since I was on a headless server, I first used sudo lshw -c disk to find out where on /dev/ my cdrom drive was located.

Note 3: also in my case, the cdrom was not mounted so I had to mount it with sudo mount /dev/sr0 /cdrom


One thing you can always try is:

sudo apt purge linux*
sudo apt install linux-image-generic

This will clean up system and kernel files which might affect performance.

Be aware that after sudo apt purge linux*, you cannot boot your computer anymore. Be sure to follow up with the second line.

Also, make absolutely sure you have a running internet connection - otherwise, apt cannot download the linux-image-generic package.


Some windows are invisible in the Unity switcher

The invisible windows are minimised.

As far as I can tell, this is intentional because a minimised window can't have it's contents seen.


What does mean DORMANT mode in ip link show wlan0?

DORMANT is a keyword used in Linux. For an explanation of the output in your question, consider the following output that state is UP and mode is DORMANT

Mode Type

The default mode type is called DEFAULT. When an interface is in DEFAULT mode, the interface state transitions to UP when the following condition is met:

Link is detected

There is also a mode type called DORMANT. When an interface is in DORMANT mode, there are additional criteria for the interface state to transition to UP. In DORMANT mode, the interface state transitions to UP when both of the following conditions are met:

Link is detected
MLAG has finished setting up everything for the bond

Link State

In the context of link state, DORMANT indicates the interface is not in a condition to pass packets but is instead in a pending state waiting for some external event. For an interface to be usable for forwarding, it should be in an UP state as it is in the output shown above.
Content retrived from cumulusnutworks


How to batch watermark images with an unique identifier?

You can create a bash script to accomplish this task using convert from ImageMagick :

#!/bin/bash

# Change the working directory to the one specified as argument.
if ! cd "$*"; then
    echo "error: the folder '$*' doesn't exist."
    exit
fi

# Create a directory called "output" into the working directory.
mkdir output &> /dev/null

# Start counting in 1.
counter=1

# For each file that ends in .jpg:
for image in *.jpg; do
    convert "$image" \
            -background transparent \
            -fill grey \
            -font ubuntu \
            -size 280x160 \
            -pointsize 28 \
            -gravity southeast \
            -annotate +0+0 "TEXT: $counter" \
            "output/$image"

    # Increment counter by one.
    ((counter++))
done

Usage: bash watermark.sh /home/$USER/folder

Remember to adjust the path to the folder with the images and change the appearance or position of the watermark.


can't open /proc/i8k: No such file or directory

The file /etc/modules lists the modules that should be automatically loaded on start up.

Make sure it has this line:

i8k

and you will not need to modprobe that module.

Run the following command to append the above line to /etc/modules:

echo 'i8k' | sudo tee -a /etc/modules


Is there a problem with the compatibilaty of my chipset?

You need to install a driver for your GTX 960.

Run in terminal

sudo apt-get install nvidia-346

and reboot without nomodeset.


Changing Disk Allocation for Ubuntu on Dual-Boot System

You can do this by downloading the GParted Live CD or USB.

Boot into GParted and resize your Ubuntu partition however you see fit.


"Can't open display" even after access with xhost

I have the same issue on the remote server. Try the following:

Add the following to your sshd_config:

AddressFamily inet

Restart SSH

(Ref: http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/ubuntu-63/cant-open-display-882197/)


How to move the blinking cursor with the mouse in nano editor?

You can start nano with the -m (--mouse) option. From man nano

   -m (--mouse)
          Enable  mouse  support,  if  available  for  your system.  When
          enabled, mouse clicks can be used to place the cursor, set  the
          mark  (with  a double click), and execute shortcuts.  The mouse
          will work in the X Window System, and on the console  when  gpm
          is running.


Script to periodically open a file at certain intervals?

I assume you want to open the Excel file on Ubuntu with the associated application (LibreOffice Calc, gNumeric, etc.)

The script would then look like:

#!/bin/bash

while true; do
  xdg-open /home/arp/Documents/periodic.xls
  sleep 600; # sleeps for 10 minutes or 600 seconds, adjust as desired
done

You can adjust the filename and the sleep time above.


How to turn off one of SATA HDDs installed in the computer to save power?

What you're looking for is the hdparm utility.
It allows you to control your hard drives' power settings, apart from benchmarking and other stuff.
With hdparm -y /dev/sdX you put the disk into standby mode. This way, whenever you access the disk, it should automatically wake up and work back again.
There's an even deeper resting mode, which can be set with -Y instead of -y, but you may need to restart your computer in order to make the HDD work again, depending on the device.
Since manually having to put it to sleep is a bit of a hassle, you can set a timer to do it after a specific amount of time with the -S option.
From ArchWiki:

A device which is rarely needed can be put to sleep directly at the end of the boot process. This does not work with the above udev rule because it happens too early. In order to issue the command when the boot is completed, just create a systemd service.
/etc/systemd/system/hdparm.service
[Unit]
Description=hdparm sleep

[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/usr/bin/hdparm -q -S 120 -y /dev/sdb

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Then enable it.


I researched a little and it has a simple solution for this;

Here are the steps:

1.Find the exact name of the package you want to uninstall:

dpkg -l | grep 'uno' (in my case)

it will show you output as :(in my case)

iU  python-uno                           1:3.5.4-0ubuntu1.1                  Python-UNO bridge

2.Copy the name,  Then just do :

  dpkg -r python-uno

It will uninstall the package.


A problem with open Ubuntu software center

I assume, you have installed the package via a deb file. You can repair your system easily via adding a PPA for brackets.
Using the commands below in a terminal:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/brackets
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall brackets

Breakdown

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/brackets
Add the PPA ppa:webupd8team/brackets

sudo apt-get update
Update your package database

sudo apt-get install --reinstall brackets
Reinstall the package brackets


Changes to $PATH won't save after closing the terminal session

put that command at the end of the file  .bashrc inside your home directory than do a

  source .bashrc


Can I disable the internal speakers while keeping the audio jack enabled?

Try using alsamixer in terminal and see if you can mute it by pressing m.

Another possible solution:

A more involved possible work around. Type lspci in your terminal

Look for the audio controller responsible for sound. Find the PCI location of the device.

I was unable to edit these pci device without using su

echo -n "0000:00:1b.0" > /sys/bus/pci/drivers/"YOUR SOUND CONTROLLER"/unbind

"YOUR SOUND CONTROLLER" in my case was "snd_hda_intel" and "0000:00:1b.0" was my pci location. To rebind,

echo -n "0000:00:1b.0" > /sys/bus/pci/drivers/"YOUR SOUND CONTROLLER"/bind

Does it work? If so, then make a script that you can run that will enable/disable that pci location.

Another solution:

The idea is to keep the headphone jack permanently on, or to disable the internal speakers via pulseaudio. The documentation is not very easy to read but the location of these files are in

/usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/analog-output.conf.common

or

/usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/analog-output-headphones.conf


How can I ensure a service is disabled on boot?

Ubuntu uses Upstart instead of SysV Init to start services on boot. Thus some services don't have an SysV Init script but an Upstart job description file in /etc/init/ (not /etc/init.d/). For those update-rc.d doesn't work.

Use

echo manual | sudo tee /etc/init/avahi-daemon.override

to disable avahi-daemon starting at boot. Replace avahi-daemon with whatever service you like to stop.

See Upstart Intro, Cookbook and Best Practises for more about how to work with Upstart.


Hei
I don't really have time and this is more a comment than a Answer but maybe it helps

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2HQvbH0UlQU

Maybe they found a solution he seems to have the same problem: http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1795280.html


Apache2 restart fails unless I comment out error log lines - Ubuntu 16.04

The output of systemctl status apache2.service contains next error message:

Jan 24 11:34:43 drop1.example.com apache2[28665]: (2)No such file or directory: AH02291: Cannot access directory '/var/www/html/example.com/log/' for error log of vhost defined at /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/example.com.conf:1

It means, you have to create the desired log directory, it just doesn't exists.

sudo mkdir /var/www/html/example.com/log/
sudo systemctl restart apache2.service


Will ubuntu erase all my harddisks upon installation

If you are not sure, then remove the other drive. If you can't, then do backups. Either way, it should confirm with you what drives/partitions are being removed/changed/added, if the feedback is correct, there you go, if it's not, then try using "Something else".

So, the real question here is: do the installer (ubiquity) will remove what is not supposed to remove?

The answer is: it removes what you tell him to remove and it ask you to confirm.


Screen Tearing After Kubuntu Upgrade 15.10 -> 16.04

Solution For The Tearing Problem

As /u/ropid suggested, I tried adding this

__GL_YIELD="USLEEP"
KWIN_TRIPLE_BUFFER=0
KWIN_USE_BUFFER_AGE=0

to /etc/environment.

This fixed the tearing issue for me.

Solution For The Encryption Problem

I found this link, which suggested to do the following:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Then replace

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

with

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet"

This disabled the GUI password prompt. The CLI version successfully detects my keyboard.


lxc containers fail to autoboot in 14.04 trusty using 'lxc.start.auto = 1'

You say:

  I have LXC_AUTO="false" as required inside /etc/default/lxc

That specifically tells the upstart job NOT to start any container. Just don't set it or set it to true and you'll notice containers starting at boot time.


If you want to delete Ubuntu, Then you will have to delete /dev/sda7 and /dev/sda8.

You can delete these two partitions by logging into windows and deleting the above two partitions. A good tutorial to delete a partition in windows is here.

If you want to delete the partition using ubuntu, you will have to boot into live cd, click Try ubuntu and use software called gnome-disks to delete a partition.


Welcome to Ubuntu and Linux in general.

In Linux we don't have drives like in windows so what you are asking for is in the /home/your_username directory. There you will see all files and folders concerning you.

When you launch nautilus you are taken immediately to you home directory as seen here:

So here you drop your personal stuffs.

What you have in your image is the HDD containing all your disk partitions. Now click on the name Filesystem Root and you will be taken to the / also known as root as seen below:

Now look at my second image and you will see a folder named home that belongs to you, steps to get to your personal folder:

double click on /home directory

This is your personal folder for all your stuffs, double click to go inside and see all that's there and here you create your folders and files.

All things in Linux starts from / aka root. While in Windows we have several drives, in Ubuntu or Linux we have one drive called root. To make folders [or as you put it - partitions for data] or files personal to you, you do that in the /home/your_username as I have said earlier.

Creating partitions in Linux simply means creating segments on your HDD and these segments can be used to locate any of the folders found in /(root) directory.

Note: No matter where you drop any of the folders found in root, Linux will always present them to you in a virtual manner or filesystem starting from __root_ as seen in my second image.

Found this old quick guide, check it out: http://cyberinet04.inet-tr.org.tr/akgul/Acik-Kaynak/ldp/Machtelt_Garrels_Introduction_to_Linux.pdf


How to permanently remove a charm from the juju charms store?

There is a subtle difference between the official Juju Charm Store and charms in the personal name space.

Once a charm has been accepted into the Juju Charm Store by the review process it is maintained by the community and can not be removed from the store.

If however you have a charm in your personal name space (lp:~username/charms/ubuntu-series/charm-name/trunk) you can delete it from Launchpad.

Go to:  https://code.launchpad.net/~username/charms/ubuntu-series/charm-name/trunk

If you own the branch and are logged in, you can delete the branch by clicking on "Delete branch" button.  The next screen will warn you that Branch deletion is permanent. and ask you to confirm.


Literally impossible to install Ubuntu on Win8 laptop

Are you looking to wipe Windows 8 off completely? If so, I managed to do this myself. I cannot remember the exact steps (did it by accident) but I know I repaired Ubuntu from the Live CD. It ended up wiping my partition completely and fresh installed Ubuntu.

Hope that helps.

Edit: make a recovery CD of Windows 8 so you don't end up in my position and stuck with Linux only. Not a huge deal but it's seems almost irrevocable.


There are some one-time operations in Banshee that are very CPU-intensive and can last for several seconds, or even minutes depending on the size of your music collection.

BPM Detection

Detecting the tempo of a song can be helpful if you want to automatically generate a playlist such as "Upbeat" or "Slow and Relaxing." The downside is, running beat detection on a large library can max out your processor for a sustained period of time.  Also, I've never found beat detection to be terribly accurate (has problems with subdivisions of beats).

BPM Detection can be disabled under Edit > Preferences > Source Specific. In the Music preferences, make sure "Automatically detect BPM for all songs" is not checked.

Mirage Similarity Engine

This is a plugin, so it shouldn't be installed unless you made a special point of installing it.  It's great for creating automatically generated playlists of songs that sound similar to each other, but similar to BPM Detection, it will do a one-time analysis of your music library that can be very taxing for your CPU. You can disable the extension in Edit > Preferences > Extensions.

Library Watcher bug

A few people are experiencing a Library Watcher bug That causes high CPU usage and extremely high memory consumption. You may want to try disabling the Library Watcher extension in Edit > Preferences > Extensions.

The spinning throbber

In Banshee's lower left corner, a spinning throbber will appear when Banshee is working on something like downloading cover art or syncing a device. If BPM detection and Mirage analysis weren't the source of your high CPU usage, I'd look for the throbber.  If it's there,  you can hover over it to see what Banshee is working on.

Playback CPU Bug

For some people (myself included), Banshee's CPU usage during playback is high compared to other gstreamer-based media players. The comments in that bug report seem to suggest that Banshee uses 20-25%, which is more than Totem at <10%. Disabling 'Write metadata to files' in Edit > Preferences might help fix this problem, but 25% CPU shouldn't be enough to cause your laptop to overheat unless it has extremely poor ventilation.

If none of these things fix the problem, I'd open up Gnome System Monitor and watch the CPU usage of the banshee-1 process to see if it's doing anything crazy.  If it seems abnormally high and it isn't one of the issues I listed, you may need to file a new bug report. Good luck, and let us know if anything works!


When trying to make desktop icons, some transparencies show up black

It can be something wrong with png format of Upgrade.png. Run:

convert /home/.launchpad/images/Upgrade.png info:
convert /home/.launchpad/images/DeathBall.png info:

and compare.

In any case you can re-save Upgrade.png as PNG8 to make sure that it is exact inside the file. Change dir where your images saved (in your case /home/.launchpad/images/) :

cd /home/.launchpad/images/

Then run command which convert image to PNG8 8-bit sRGB (for Upgrade.png):

convert Upgrade.png png8:Upgrade.png


To edit the files printed by find:

find . -name 'id.properties' -exec vi {} +

In plain English, this finds paths in the current directory (.) and all subdirectories with a base name of id.properties. With these files it runs a vi file1 file2 [...] command (-exec vi {} +). If there are very many files (typically thousands), it might even run more than one vi command, each with a bunch of files, to be able to fit the commands into the maximum command length of your system. To force it to run the command for each file you could use \; instead of +.

To edit the text printed by find:

find . -name 'id.properties' | vi -

This writes the paths (relative to the current directory) of any files found (because by default find has a hidden -print at the end) to its standard output, which is connected (|) to vi's standard input. vi, in turn, reads from standard input (-) and shows that as a file to be edited.


Caps lock indicator for Ubuntu 18.04 lock screen and login screen?

I too am having this problem. It seems the Caps Lock button doesn't work on the lock screen if you are entering a password. This results in much frustration and often I had to restart my computer to log back in. However I found a workaround that might help:

On the Lock Screen: Select "Log in as another User"
Select "not listed"
Type some text to find out the state of Caps Lock
If necessary press Caps Lock and recheck
Select "cancel"
Select your User Name
Unlock with your password

Not the best solution but I couldn't get anything else to work.


Upgrading to kde4.8 is your choice  .If you really want to upgrade kde ,follow these steps

KDE 4.8 FOR UBUNTU 11.10

Step 1 - Add KDE SC 4.8 repositories

Hit the CTRL+ALT+T key combination on your keyboard and paste the following command in the terminal window:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports

Enter your password when asked and hit the Enter key.

Then paste the following command in the terminal window:

sudo apt-get update

Close the terminal window when the operation is done! Proceed to the next step.

Step 2 - Install KDE SC 4.8

All you need to do now is to click the link

Click here to Install KDE SC 4.8

Wait a few seconds, and the Ubuntu Software Center application will appear. Click the "Install" button on the new window...

To install the KDE SC 4.8.0 packages enter your password when asked...

Wait for the KDE SC 4.8 packages to be downloaded and installed...

...when the installation is over close Ubuntu Software Center and reboot your computer.

When you get back, at the login screen, select your username, click the Sessions button and select the KDE Plasma Workspace entry.

Install KDE 4.8 in Kubuntu 11.10 Oneiric Ocelot

If you've installed Icon Tasks via PPA, remove it before upgrading (sudo apt-get remove plasma-widget-icon-tasks) or else you'll get an error.

The Kubuntu developers have done a great job as usual, and the latest KDE 4.8 is already available in the official Kubuntu Backports PPA, for Kubuntu 11.10 Oneiric Ocelot. Add the PPA and upgrade to KDE 4.8 using the commands below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Oxygen GTK3 Engine has not been packaged yet unfortunately, but you can use THIS PPA (not tested) to install it. But please note that using it, you'll also get some other unstable packages.

Uninstalling KDE SC 4.8 (optional)

If you want to remove KDE SC 4.8 from your system, or downgrade to the previously installed version, all you have to do is to hit the CTRL+ALT+T key combination on your keyboard and paste the following commands in the terminal window (one by one, hitting Enter after each one):

sudo apt-get install -y ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports
sudo apt-get -f -y autoremove

SOURCE


Hindi traditional or inscript keyboard layout not available

I believe that you can use a keyboard layout called "Indian".  I am new to Hindi (started a self-study of it last month), but from looking at images on the net for InScript and comparing it to what I see for "Indian" they look the same.

To get the "Indian" keyboard layout, I went to "System Settings" then chose "Text Entry" then selected the "+" to add an "input source" and selected "Indian" from the list.

I checked that "Indian" board a bit. All the keys seem right except for the 5, 6, 7, and 8 keys are not mapped as shown in the images I found. So I do not know how you would access the characters normally accessible there.


How do I install make without internet on Ubuntu (with help from a windows 10 laptop that has internet)?

I had a similar problem, but the network connected system was Ubuntu. Here's my process:
System A: network connection.
System B: needs network.
USB key Read/Writable by both A and B. FAT-32, ExFAT format. not NTFS.
Set P to the package to install.
Retry:
On System A:
Download P from https://packages.ubuntu.com Ensure the .deb file is stored on the USB key. Be sure to dl packages for your Ubuntu release.
If I knew how to list dependencies of a .deb, I would use it here, add dependencies to P, and go back to Retry.
Unmount the USB key, and move it to System B.
On System B:
cd to the USB key, probably /media/$USER/....
Try to install P with
sudo dpkg --install *.deb

It will probably fail, issuing messages like "Package foo depends on bar, but bar  is not going to be installed". Add package bar to P, the list of packages to be installed.
cd away from the USB key.
Unmount (umount) the USB key, and move it back to System A.
Go back to Retry.
After about 7 cycles, you should have come to a successful sudo dpkg --install *.deb, or Something Is Awry.