Text files created on Windows machines have different line endings than files created on Linux.

Windows uses carriage return and line feed (\r\n)
Linux uses just line feed (\n).

There are a couple of methods to have it work on both ends:

When copying text files you need to use a tool that supports converting text files (like "winscp" on Windows).
With Windows Notepad++ you can replace \n by \r\n. Normal Notepad will not have this feature.
On Ubuntu you can use unix2dos testfile1.txt and dos2unix testfile2.txt to change line endings from one to the other. Also you can use the replace \n by \r\n on most editors or editors will have an option to switch between the too (like Serg in comments mentioned "nano").


Latest WINE update broke Levelator (can't start it now), what can be done about it?

You can try using winetricks .

Run winetricks.
Choose to install a library (DLL).
Install windows common controls version 6.
Try running the program again.

If that does not work, undo the operation (with winetricks again; if it supports it).

You can try to install the application with playonlinux . This would allow you to choose a WINE version that works, and not have to downgrade your local WINE installation.


It has been fixed by these steps:

Closing Firefox
Starting Firefox in Safe Mode
Closing it
Starting Firefox in normal mode

Simply restarting (closing and starting) Firefox in normal mode had no effect.

Edit: I have just noticed that Firefox is now updated to version 54. Maybe that fixed it. But I don't remebmer getting any FIrefox updates, nor did I get any notification to restart FIrefox in order to update.


won't boot after upgrade from 12.04 to 12.10

After a bit of hunting around I wasn't able to find what the issue was, but I found that I could log in if I pressed

ctr + alt + F1

This gave me hope that my installation wasn't borked.  I found a website that told me to execute this command:

sudo dpkg --configure -a

This did a load of stuff, and at the end told me a few things failed (kubuntu-desktop being one of them), but after a restart my desktop came back.

I hope this helps anyone else having the same issue - if anyone knows why this worked, please explain in the comments of this answer.


Why is an extra space getting removed in sed substitution command

Just replace * with a + (and escape it if you are using just sed, not sed -r, as + is an extended Regex pattern):

sed 's/ [0-9]\+//g' data

Or

sed -r 's/ [0-9]+//g' data

In Regex * indicates zero or more match of the preceding token, so in your case if there is no match i.e. no digits after space its being matched too.

On the other hand, if you use +, you are matching (at least) one or more digits after a space so you will get the desired result.


Need some urgent suggestion - Windows disks inaccessible after Ubuntu installation

In "something else" mode it is up to you to make sure the partitions are preserved if you want them to be preserved - if you removed them, or created a new boot record it is likely that it will be quite difficult to recover the data. However, we need to first establish whether the Windows partition has been deleted or not.

Please stop all use of the machine, boot from the installation medium again and run sudo fdisk -l in the terminal. Then update your question with the command's answer. Alternatively you can run gparted, which is a graphical utility, make a screenshot and add it to your question.

UPDATE: From your screenshot it looks like you have a single HDD in your laptop (dell Inspiron, right?) and yes, you've deleted Windows partition(s) and overwrote them with Ubuntu. There is still a (slim) chance to recover some (not all) data from the Windows partition using tools like Photorec, but the first thing you need to do is to STOP ALL USE OF THE MACHINE - you're continuing to install programs on your hard drive and using it "as usual". Every byte written to the disk now reduces your chances of recovering your files.


Is ubuntu touch available for phones with physical keypads?

Ubuntu phones is not available for the Nokia phone. It has only been made and optimized for the Google Nexus phones and tablets, not Nokia.

Sorry for the inconvenience

Cheers


You can try installing thermald with sudo apt-get install thermald which is ubuntu made and a feature for 14.04. I noticed some better control of the cpu fan on my asus laptop. Seems to work but it's a daemon (runs in background) so I have no way of knowing for sure.


Removing multiple kernel packages takes a really long time

Here is what I did:

Edit the file /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig (as root) and add the following line at the top: (*)

exit 0

Then run apt-get purge or dpkg -P as suggested in the linked question, to remove the unwanted packages.  For example, I ran:

sudo apt-get purge $(dpkg --list | grep -E 'linux-(image|signed-image|headers)' | awk '{ print $2 }' | sort -V | grep -vF "$(uname -r | grep -o '[0-9.-]*' | sed 's/-$//')")

(Feeling nervous?  Put echo at the front to see what it will purge, before running it for real.)
Then don't forget to edit grub-mkconfig again and remove the line:

exit 0

Then finally run:

sudo update-grub

to get your boot loader up-to-date.

This process recovered 11GB of space in under 30 minutes.

I also followed this excellent suggestion to prevent unattended-upgrades from building up my kernel packages again in the future.

  (*) I also considered disabling /usr/sbin/dkms and /usr/sbin/extlinux-update and /usr/sbin/update-initramfs using the exit 0 trick, but these didn't save that much time, and they left files around in /lib/modules/[kernel_version]/ and /boot/initrd.img-[kernel_version] so not really a good option.


Using Broadcom BCM4313 as AP in Ubuntu 12.04

did you try some steps to do this. the solution of this problem you can find some time in search also.

http://www.google.com/search?client=ubuntu&channel=fs&q=make+laptop+as+access+point&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8

if you have some specific issue then please post back


What is the Ubuntu os loader and where does it reside?

I assume we are talking about a system using a BIOS system. Nowadays we also have UEFI where things are a bit more complicated. The booting (link has more detailed information)  process has 4 stages:

BIOS

(U)EFI is another form of kind of firmware. BIOS is found mainly on IBM based systems. EFI is from INTEL and UEFI is supported by a wide range of companies (including Redhat, AMD, nVidia, Intel, Microsoft). If you want detailed difference between the two this website explains it very nicely.

When a computer is started it starts by executing firmware. In IBM PC compatible systems this is the BIOS and is (mostly) stored on a read only memory module. This will initialise all hardware expect for the CPU and ends with starting the boot loader.
Boot loader Answer to 1st part

The boot loader can be activated from several locations.

Master Boot record (The master boot record is the first sector on a disk and contains in general a partition table for the disk and a simple boot loader Answer to 2nd part). GRUB (currently default on Ubuntu) and LILO (used to be the Linux default) are examples of this.
A CD, DVD or USB.
A network location.

At the end of the bootloader section it will start the kernel. The kernel picked for this can be a manual choice or an automated choice (last booted kernel, 1st one on the list etc).
Kernel

This is the same for all Linux systems though any Linux can use different modules.

The kernel is the core of all of our Linux systems and provides access to hardware (by loading modules),  load ram disks and several other low level tasks so the system startup can begin.
System startup

this will be different for Redhat, SUSE, Debian/Ubuntu (etc.) and also different for kde, gnome, unity (etc.)

First the root partition and filesystem are located, checked and mounted. Next the init process is started, which runs the initialization scripts. These scripts involve different /etc/rc scripts and upstart events that eventually gives you a ready-to-use computer with a login screen.


argon one case script for fan/power switch not working on ubuntu

Try the following commands manually:
sudo echo 'while true; do clear; date; echo "$(( $(cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp) / 1000 ))°C"; sleep 1 ; done' > /usr/bin/argonone-tempmon

sudo chmod 775 /usr/bin/argonone-config

sudo chmod 775 /usr/bin/argonone-tempmon

See if it works now by typing either argonone-config or argonone-tempmon.


Ubuntu Emulator doesn't proceed after entering the passphrase

You can try the --password flag which can be used to override the default password.


Years ago it was more than common that many things would not work at first launch and time and effort was needed to make everything runs smootly and all the devices to be recognized.
Nowadays Ubuntu do an impressive job in hardware-drivers recognization. Often there is no need to install a single thing.
Which iso version you got? Be sure to use the last one provided. (or generally I would go for an LTS version). This would ensure you to have the last available drivers.
I would go for installing it, and look for a solution in case things doesn't works as expected. Just don't wipe out your old system in case.


Ubuntu studio freeze when starting the system

if you can access the terminal then try the steps in this link
.if you can't then from grub menu select ubuntu generic(recovery mode).once you get into ubuntu try to fix it using above link.

if you experiencing frezze after logged in then this  link may helpful.


All of a sudden, within the last week, my WiFi is constantly dropping throughout the day and I need to reconnect

UPDATE: Some software update I performed in the last day or two has, seemingly, fixed my issue. I'm not sure which update it was, so I guess my advice for anybody facing this is to keep up on your updates.

Here are my updates from the last two days:
2020-12-14:

linux-modules-5.4.0-58-generic:amd64 (5.4.0-58.64, automatic)
linux-image-5.4.0-58-generic:amd64 (5.4.0-58.64, automatic)
linux-headers-5.4.0-58:amd64 (5.4.0-58.64, automatic)
linux-headers-5.4.0-58-generic:amd64 (5.4.0-58.64, automatic)
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-58-generic:amd64 (5.4.0-58.64, automatic)
linux-headers-generic:amd64 (5.4.0.56.59, 5.4.0.58.61)
linux-image-generic:amd64 (5.4.0.56.59, 5.4.0.58.61)
linux-generic:amd64 (5.4.0.56.59, 5.4.0.58.61)
linux-libc-dev:amd64 (5.4.0-56.62, 5.4.0-58.64)
linux-modules-nvidia-390-5.4.0-58-generic:amd64 (5.4.0-58.64, automatic)
linux-modules-nvidia-390-generic-hwe-20.04:amd64 (5.4.0-56.62, 5.4.0-58.64)

My Guess Is It Was Something In This Update 2020-12-15:

libmagick++-6.q16-8:amd64 (8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.1, 8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.2)
libimage-magick-perl:amd64 (8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.1, 8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.2)
whoopsie:amd64 (0.2.69ubuntu0.1, 0.2.69ubuntu0.2)
libmagickcore-6.q16-6-extra:amd64 (8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.1, 8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.2)
libimage-magick-q16-perl:amd64 (8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.1, 8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.2)
imagemagick:amd64 (8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.1, 8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.2)
gnome-desktop3-data:amd64 (3.36.3.1-0ubuntu1, 3.36.8-0ubuntu1)
libmagickwand-6.q16-6:amd64 (8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.1, 8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.2)
libwhoopsie0:amd64 (0.2.69ubuntu0.1, 0.2.69ubuntu0.2)
apport:amd64 (2.20.11-0ubuntu27.13, 2.20.11-0ubuntu27.14)
libinput-bin:amd64 (1.15.5-1ubuntu0.1, 1.15.5-1ubuntu0.2)
imagemagick-6.q16:amd64 (8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.1, 8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.2)
libgnome-desktop-3-19:amd64 (3.36.3.1-0ubuntu1, 3.36.8-0ubuntu1)
python3-apport:amd64 (2.20.11-0ubuntu27.13, 2.20.11-0ubuntu27.14)
libmagickcore-6.q16-6:amd64 (8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.1, 8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.2)
apport-gtk:amd64 (2.20.11-0ubuntu27.13, 2.20.11-0ubuntu27.14)
python3-problem-report:amd64 (2.20.11-0ubuntu27.13, 2.20.11-0ubuntu27.14)
libinput10:amd64 (1.15.5-1ubuntu0.1, 1.15.5-1ubuntu0.2)
imagemagick-6-common:amd64 (8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.1, 8:6.9.10.23+dfsg-2.1ubuntu11.2)
libevdev2:amd64 (1.9.0+dfsg-1, 1.9.0+dfsg-1ubuntu0.1)

Good luck.


Ubuntu installation on Windows7 with D partition

Update

New versions of Ubuntu requires only one partition. The default installation process now creates a swap file in the main Ubuntu systems partition /, rather than a separate swap partition described below.

Original Answer

Ubuntu need at least 2 partitions in formats that Windows does not understand and cannot create.  You can shrink sda5 (D:) in Windows 7 and leave the empty space "Unallocated" and unformatted.

You should use Windows internal tools to defragment and then shrink or resize the D:. See http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/gg309169.aspx . and http://www.techrepublic.com/blog/window-on-windows/quick-tip-shrink-a-hard-drive-volume-in-windows-7/3616 for detailed steps. Remember, do not create a new partition in the empty space. Leave it unallocated.

Ubuntu installation will then find the unallocated space and create sda6 (/) and sda7 (Swap) there during a "side by side" installation.

Ubuntu (and Linux in general) do not use C:, D: etc. to identify partitions. Partitions are mounted at various mount points that can be a folder or a directory. An important mount point is root denoted by /. This is the rough equivalent of C:\ where the OS will get installed. Other partitions are mounted to folders within /. By default /home is a folder in / in Ubuntu. However, one can devote a separate partition to /home by mounting the partition, say /dev/sda8, to that folder. In that case all sub-folders of /home will be in the partition dedicated to it.

Note: the Swap partition has its own format and no mount point, as it is not accessed by the user directly.

See I have formatted a partition for Ubuntu. How do I install it on that partition? and Dual Boot Installation with Win7 - Install Ubuntu in New Partition.

Hore general instructions for installation is at: How do I install Ubuntu?.

Hope this helps


Quick folder acces on ubuntu - Go to the folder and not make a search

There is no reliable way to fix this in later versions, unless moving to another file manager. For 18.04, a patched version of nautilus implementing the old type ahead feature may still be around, but realize this is a dead end.
Another way is living with it. I personally prefer the feature by far over the old type-ahead functionality that was borrowed from Window 3.1. It allows to find a specific file much quicker. Especially if you have many files, remembering the first letters is not always obvious. With the search, you just need to remember a few snippets of the name to retrieve the file directly. Thanks to this feature, a folder/file naming scheme starting with the date works perfectly. You quickly navigate to a specific folder, no matter how much levels deep.
To approach the old behavior better, you may disable "search in subfolders" in the Preferences. Then, only matches in the current folder will be found. Once you highlighted the desired file, press Esc to see the file in its context in the folder.
If you maintain recursive search, then the shortcut key Ctrl+Alt+O becomes important. That is the key that always will show you the file in its folder. Esc will do that only if the file is in the current folder. Otherwise, it will just show the current folder with no file selected.


16.04: there is only the wallpaper after logging in

Having spent an entire day probing various possible solutions from the old thread with no success, here is the solution(s) that worked for me on 16.04 LTS:

I did the following two things:

@julianromera's solution referred to an Ubuntu open bug. More info: lp#1285444 His command line was:

$ mv ~/.config/dconf/user ~/.config/dconf/user.old

@Fullbuffer's solution on another forum was moving the ~/.cache directory out of the way and restart. His command line was:

$ mv ~/.cache ~/.cache-NOGOOD

then rebooted with ($ sudo reboot) and now I'm up and running. I've no idea which of these two command lines did the trick but do I care?

Hope this will help someone! One advise: do not despair! If I managed to find a solution that actually works then anybody can :)


sudo dpkg -r openjdk-7-jdk
sudo apt-get remove --purge openjdk-7-jdk
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update

then finally, you are set to install that package as if it's a fresh without any trailing history of the installation.


Installing Ubuntu to a laptop without cd rom

You can use UNetbootin. Download it, make sure you have no external USB drives plugged in except the one you want to use for installing Ubuntu, and launch UNetbootin.

Select Ubuntu, the version of Ubuntu you want (select 12.04_Live for the long term support version, or 13.04_Live for the most recent version) and click OK. Then wait until it's done.

You then can boot from that USB drive and then you can try or install Ubuntu!


The Acer ES1-432-series notebooks used eMMC storage, which requires some extra steps after installing Linux.
After installing Ubuntu, you will need to follow these 7 steps:

Boot using Ubuntu USB and choose "Try without installing"
Launch the application called "Gparted" to get your EFI device name. It will probably look like /dev/mmcblk0p1
Open the Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T)
Type these commands:sudo mkdir /media/EFIsudo mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /media/EFIImportant: Be sure to replace /dev/mmcblk0p1 with your proper EFI device name if it is different!
Create the /EFI/Linux/ directory:sudo mkdir /media/EFI/EFI/Linux
Copy every file from the /EFI/ubuntu/ directory to the new one:sudo cp -R /media/EFI/EFI/ubuntu/* /media/EFI/EFI/Linux/
Copy the BOOTX64.EFI file from the BOOT:sudo cp /media/EFI/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI /media/EFI/EFI/Linux

There are a lot of steps here but, fortunately, this only needs to be done once.
After you've finished these seven steps, shut down the computer. Once it's off, remove the USB stick and start the computer normally. It should boot right into Ubuntu.
Welcome to Ubuntu


Mount drive by cli working but not by gui

I managed to solve It, strangely, it was caused by Chrome Remote Desktop as reported here https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+question/693294
After stoping the process and uninstalling it, the problem was gone.


rfkill checks your wireless device for two types of blocks: a software block (your WiFi card being disabled from the OS) and a hardware block (the card being disabled by something lower-level).

In the event of a software block, one can simply re-enable the card by re-enabling wireless communications, loading the module, or running rfkill unblock. Easy enough.

However, with a hardware block, the OS can do absolutely nothing to unblock the chip. You need to either go into your BIOS and enable your wireless card, or check your computer for a button or physical switch (usually on Dell computers) and make sure it's set to the ON position.


Purchased software usage and multiple computers

Yes, you can install your purchased software on your notebook and desktop.

In Ubuntu software center there is a function to reinstall previous purchase.

I made a screnshot, it's in italian but the menu item is in the same position:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/nn7qj3ij05kvc0f/Selezione_010.png

Then you have to log in with your ubuntu one account!

Edit: see that page https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SoftwareCenter#commercial-reinstalling

P.S. you have to scroll the page to see what do you want!


Ubuntu Server 18 Internet working, but can't pull/install updates from Internet

Ubuntu, once installed, wants you to use different software sources other than the general default.  See this procedure which describes how and why to change,  then go to this list of repositories and pick one close to you with a fast Internet connection which dshows in the rightmost column it is current (in green).

Since I am in Oregon, I would normally pick the Oregon State University Open Source Lab or Portland State University. The idea is to pick a current, up to date source, close to you to minimize Internet traffic; but current, up to date is more important than local, so because both of those are not current, I pick the Pacific Northwest National Lab up near Hanford, instead.

If you pick one halfway across the planet like this one in Suid Afrika, that's OK, too; it's your choice.


How to check how long a video (mp4) is using the shell?

This will give you the length of a video.

ffmpeg -i myvideo 2>&1 | grep Duration | cut -d ' ' -f 4 | sed s/,//


How do I get brightness controls working properly on an Eee PC 1001P?

These instructions might help, this being the relevant bug.


I have the Dell 7567 in dual boot with windows 10 and Ubuntu 16.04. I have not faced any issues. Everything works fine on the fresh install.


installing ubuntu on ssd from usb distro

Must be no problems. However, Ubuntu installer crashes a lot when said to format HDD. So try formatting HDD manually, before installation. If I remember it right, there was gparted on default Live CD just for this thing. Don't forget to unmount HDD after formatting too. Don't forget EFI partition, if you are installing for EFI.


pgadmin3: Unable to initialize gtk, is DISPLAY set properly?

The clue is in the error message: What is the DISPLAY environment variable set to?

It is probably incorrect or has changed.


How do I set up a headless server via VNC?

This is a fairly common question. However, I personally believe that VNC is a poor solution for this kind of usage. I would recommend having a look at X2Go. It is much, much, faster tha VNC and it forwards audio using PulseAudio, etc, over SSH. It is quite easy to setup and you don't need to be logged in on the server for it to work.

Have a look at http://www.x2go.org/doku.php/start


Cmus not changing displayed artist name after updating metadata

This ended up being a really simple issue. I updated the id3tag, but did not clear the cmus cache so it did not know the data had been updating.

To fix this I ran
:update-cache within cmus which reloaded any changed id3tags.

An alternative is to delete the cache and then add everything to your library again.


It's probably sitting in /usr/share/applications/ but if you want to find every .desktop file on the system run this:

find / -name '*.desktop'

or

sudo updatedb
locate *.desktop

To find files with "skrooge" in their path or name, add a grep to the command:

locate *.desktop | grep -iR "skrooge"


HP ProBook 4740s - Win8 OEM + Ubuntu 14.04

Forget EasyBCD; the last I heard, it was useless for dual-booting on EFI-based computers, and so is a dead end.

Some HPs have badly broken EFIs that will boot only the EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi or EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi files. There's a possibility that a firmware update is available that will fix the problem, so go looking for that first. (HP will probably call it a "BIOS update," although it's not really a BIOS.) If that fails, you've got to use an ugly hack to get Linux to boot: Move the Microsoft boot loader from EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi to some other name and move GRUB, rEFInd, or some other Linux-aware boot manager to that name. Depending on the boot manager you choose, you may need to explicitly reconfigure it to chainload to the Windows boot loader if you want to dual-boot. See here for a more thorough description of this issue with respect to rEFInd; the same principles apply to GRUB. The Boot Repair utility can do this automatically for GRUB, but you'll probably have to check an option on the Advanced tab.

If the computer is new, I recommend another approach: Return it to the store for a refund. Only when manufacturers start seeing returns for their defective firmware will they put effort into fixing them.


I have this card too, and I wish Creative had something to do with it but they do nothing for Linux (except the driver they couldn't finish).
If you are a big brain - look for your driver at alsa-project.org. Let's hope you will have time and knowledge to fix it.

BTW, now my Ubuntu shows absolutely no sound output devices.


This really could be any number of problems. It also depends what Video/Audio playback your talking about (Flash, MP4, MP3, etc). Also what kind of Graphics card do you have (or do you even have one, most laptops use integrated graphics). If you could provide more information (like computer model, graphics card, etc) we might be able to help more, but for now I'll give you my best guess.

Flash:
Forget about Flash, it sucks! Flash can be a resource hog, however if you want to browse the web it's kind of important to have. What browser are you using? This can make a huge difference as Firefox can have multiple addons that provide Flash support. You can use Adobe's proprietary implementation, or you can use a non-proprietary implementation. I've always had better success with Adobe's versions (but that's just me).

Google Chrome on the other hand comes with Flash support. (Note: Chromium which is the open-source implementation of Chrome does not come with Flash as far as I know). I currently run Chrome on Ubuntu 10.10 and the Flash works amazingly well (and I have a integrated graphics). So far Chrome or Flash has not crashed once.

MP3/MP4/Video/Audio Playback: To ensure you get the best possible playback I would recommend making sure you have FFmpeg. It supports just about every format you'll use (QuickTime, MP4, Real Player, Windows Media Player related codecs, etc).

Once you have this installed these programs/drivers the only thing that will cause choppy playback is your graphics card, or having other programs running that are using your graphics card (Compiz for example).

If you do have an integrated graphics card, increasing the amount of RAM in your system can help. Increasing RAM is also one of the cheapest upgrades you can do. If you have a Desktop, you most likely have a Graphics Card, in which case you can get a new one that will support better video playback.


How to compare two strings (from user input) in a bash script

Unless you have to use cmp, you can use [ ] for comparison:

if [ "$test1" = "$test2" ]
then
        echo "Both words contents are same"
else
        echo "Both words contents are not same"
fi

cmp compares files. If, say, you entered foo for test1 and bar for test2, then it will compare two files named foo and bar, which is probably not what you intended.

Aside from that, this line:

echo "Both words contents are same"else

is the same as:

echo "Both words contents are sameelse"

You should either put else on a different line, or put a ; before it:

echo "Both words contents are same"
else
# or
echo "Both words contents are same"; else


Ubuntu Wont Uninstall On My Windows 8.1 Pro With Uefi! Usb Stick|

You must install 13.10 to support uefi, burn the iso of 13.10 to a USB and then try the installation again, if you can´t still do it I suggest to go to the BIOS options on the computer and enable the legacy boot and not only UEFI boot, hope it helped!


How can I make the volume change in smaller increments?

Ubuntu 17.10 and later

It's worth noting that on Ubuntu 17.10 and later with GNOME Shell, there is already (albeit somewhat convoluted) kind of support for this.

Press Shift+XF86AudioRaiseVolume or Shift+XF86AudioLowerVolume (usually the dedicated volume up / down keys on the keyboard) to change the volume with a smaller step size.


sudo apt-add-repository -y ppa:rael-gc/ubuntu-xboxdrv
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-xboxdrv

The service will start immediately after installation, but you can always
sudo service xboxdrv restart

or use typical systemctl commands.


Must double-tap Windows key to open Dash

Finally, I've found the answer. It turns out that all this time, the "Sticky Keys" option in Universal Access was accidentally* enabled. I just noticed this with Ctrl behaving strangely, and now that I've turned it off, the Dash works as expected.

(* Or I enabled it on purpose, thinking to reap the rewards while not fully knowing the consequences)


Ubuntu 17.10 monitor position on login screen

If your monitors.xml file is set up the way you want your monitors to be after you log in, try this and reboot.  Note that by default there is no existing monitors.xml file under /var/lib/gdm3/.config (at least it wasn't there for my setup.)

sudo cp ~/.config/monitors.xml /var/lib/gdm3/.config


Ubuntu 12.10 - how to set the resolution to 1024x768 and correct rate? using command line when ever system starts

$ lspci | grep VGA
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GeForce GT 620 (rev a1)
$ apt-get install xresprobe
$ sudo ddcprobe
vbe: VESA 3.0 detected.
oem: NVIDIA
vendor: NVIDIA Corporation
product: GF108 Board - 1071v008 Chip Rev
memory: 14336kb
mode: 640x400x256
mode: 640x480x256
mode: 800x600x16
mode: 800x600x256
mode: 1024x768x16
mode: 1024x768x256
mode: 1280x1024x16
mode: 1280x1024x256
mode: 320x200x64k
mode: 320x200x16m
mode: 640x480x64k
mode: 640x480x16m
mode: 800x600x64k
mode: 800x600x16m
mode: 1024x768x64k
mode: 1024x768x16m
mode: 1280x1024x64k
mode: 1280x1024x16m
edid:
edidfail

$ gtf 1024 768 60
  # 1024x768 @ 60.00 Hz (GTF) hsync: 47.70 kHz; pclk: 64.11 MHz
  Modeline "1024x768_60.00"  64.11  1024 1080 1184 1344  768 769 772 795  -HSync +Vsync

$ vim /etc/X11/xorg.conf
$ cat /etc/X11/xorg.conf
Section "Monitor"
    Identifier "Monitor0"
    VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation"
    ModelName "GF108"
    HorizSync 24 - 82
    VertRefresh 50 - 75
# 1024x768 @ 60.00 Hz (GTF) hsync: 47.70 kHz; pclk: 64.11 MHz
Modeline "1024x768_60.00"  64.11  1024 1080 1184 1344  768 769 772 795  -HSync +Vsync
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier "Device0"
    Driver "nv"
    VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier "Screen0"
    Device "Device0"
    Monitor "Monitor0"
    DefaultDepth 24
    SubSection "Display"
        Depth 24
        Modes "1024x768"
    EndSubSection
EndSection

On other hand i have another screen

    echo "[resolution]: trying 720p"
    export DISPLAY=:0.0 && cvt 1280 720 70
    export DISPLAY=:0.0 && xrandr --newmode legend 74.50  1280 1344 1472 1664  720 723 728 748
    export DISPLAY=:0.0 && xrandr --addmode HDMI-1 legend
    export DISPLAY=:0.0 && xrandr --output HDMI-1 --mode legend
    export DISPLAY=:0.0 && xrandr --addmode HDMI-2 legend
    export DISPLAY=:0.0 && xrandr --output HDMI-2 --mode legend

Which gives me:

$ export DISPLAY=:0.0 && xrandr
Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 2304 x 768, maximum 8192 x 8192
DVI-I-1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
HDMI-1 connected 1280x720+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 708mm x 398mm
   1024x768       75.0 +   70.1     60.0
   1280x720       60.0 +   50.0
   1920x1080      50.0     60.0     25.0     30.0
   1680x1050      59.9
   1680x945       60.0
   1400x1050      74.9     59.9
   1600x900       60.0
   1280x1024      75.0     60.0
   1440x900       75.0     59.9
   1280x960       60.0
   1360x768       59.8     60.0
   1280x800       74.9     59.9
   1152x864       75.0
   1280x768       74.9     60.0
   1440x576       25.0
   1440x480       30.0
   1024x576       60.0
   800x600        72.2     75.0     60.3     56.2
   720x576        50.0
   848x480        60.0
   720x480        59.9
   640x480        75.0     72.8     60.0     59.9
   legend         59.9*
VGA-1 connected 1024x768+1280+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 304mm x 228mm
   1024x768       60.0*+   75.1     70.1     60.0
   1024x576       60.0
   800x600        72.2     75.0     60.3     56.2
   848x480        60.0
   640x480        72.8     75.0     60.0
   720x400        70.1


Using Gparted to increase partition (No extended partitions)

Note: This is why I don't recommend multi-partitioning Ubuntu, especially on a smallish disk.

Your /dev/sdb3 NTFS (C:) partition needs to be reduced by using Windows Disk Management application.

Your /dev/sdb5 (/) and /dev/sdb6 (/home) both need to be expanded using gparted.

Make sure that you have a good backup of your important Windows and Ubuntu files, as this procedure can corrupt or lose data.

Keep these things in mind:

always start the entire procedure with issuing a swapoff on any mounted swap partitions, and end the entire procedure with issuing a swapon on that same swap partition
a move is done by pointing the mouse pointer at the center of a partition and dragging it left/right with the hand cursor
a resize is done by dragging the left/right side of a partition to the left/right with the directional arrow cursor
if any partition can't be moved/resized graphically, you may have to manually enter the specific required numeric data (don't do this unless I instruct you to)
you begin any move/resize by right-clicking on the partition in the lower pane of the main window, and selecting the desired action from the popup menu, then finishing that action in the new move/resize window

Do the following...

Note: if the procedure doesn't work exactly as I outline, STOP immediately and DO NOT continue.

boot into Windows
start the Disk Management application
reduce /dev/sdb3 (C:) partition by the amount that you wish to add to /dev/sdb5 and /dev/sdb6. Probably around 50G.

Note: You may have to temporarily disable hibernation and page file to do this.

reboot Windows and confirm proper operation

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB, in "Try Ubuntu" mode
start gparted
move /dev/sdb5 partition all the way left
resize the right size of /dev/sdb5 and increase it by approximately 10G
move /dev/sdb6 partition all the way left
resize the right side of /dev/sdb6 all the way right, increasing it by approximately 40G
click the Apply icon


why wget does not use userName and password in URL first time

wget and most other programs request a basic authentication challenge from the server side before sending the credentials.

This is wget's default behavior since version 1.10.2.
You can change that behaviour using --auth-no-challenge option:

  If this option is given, Wget will send Basic HTTP authentication information (plaintext username and password) for all requests, just like Wget 1.10.2 and prior did by default.

  Use of this option is not recommended, and is intended only to support some few obscure servers, which never send HTTP authentication challenges, but accept unsolicited auth info, say, in
             addition to form-based authentication.

This is the general default workflow for HTTP Authentication:

Read more about HTTP Authentication.


First you need to activate SSL/TLS in your nginx.conf:

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    listen [::]:443 ssl;
    server_name example.org;

    ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/example.org.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/example.org.key;

The two listen lines enable SSL at your IPv4 and IPv6 connection. If you have no IPv6 you might leave out the second listen line.

I assume that your server certificate is in /etc/ssl. If you use another path, you'd change the last two lines.

ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.1 TLSv1;

This enables different TLS versions. All current browsers are able to use TLS1.2. For older browsers I wrote a small howto enable secure settings.

ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

The first line sets the ciphers which your nignx should use. The second line prefers the cipher suites on the server (and not the client) side. So you can use strong(er) ciphers.

If you're done, your nginx should use TLS1.2. If you'd like, you can add your site to a TLS1.2 hall of fame and be proud. ;)

However there are several methods to improve the settings. I follow this german guide for secure nginx configuration.


One year of Ubuntu experience, still not an expert?

Install VirtualBox, set up an Ubuntu guest inside it, checkpoint it, and start experimenting.  Restore from the checkpoint if you mess things up too much — after exploring to see why it broke.  Best way I know of to learn.


Not getting boot loader screen to choose between Ubuntu and Windows 7

Looking at bootinfo grab
 => Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdc and looks at sector 1 of
    the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at t his location and looks
    for (,msdos5)/boot/grub on this drive.

so now you are having a windows loader in MBR of your primary hdd(sda) ;perhaps u can try making sdc as your primary disk and try a boot (settings to be done in BIOS).If your ubuntu install is proper u will get in to this only.But for dual boot u need to chainload one or other

option1: u can use the windows loader to chainload grub using 3rd party softwares http://www.supergrubdisk.org/wiki/Howto_Boot_Grub_from_windows (Windows Vista (with easybcd help)

option2:re-install grub to MBR of sda and do an os-probe to chainload windows7

Have your rescue-disks handy!!


Right click on Kickoff.
Edit applications...
Mark the folder you want it in, e.g. Development. Click on New.
Fill in the name you want.
Add the actual command and click on the square next to name to change the icon. There is an icon in the eclipse directory.
Click Save.


undo export cflags and export cxxflags change

Turns out this was written to the CMakeCache.txt file within the source directory I was working in. Unfortunately I thought I checked all the cmake files but I was in an older source directory at the time.

As far as I can tell no system changes were made when executing those environment exports...rather, only changes within the directory source I was working in. Please correct me, if I am wrong.


How to default to newest version of Python?

I can't sanction Dayjay's answer at all. Replacing Python system-wide could make applications hugely unstable and in a lot of cases, they'll just break.

Python-based libraries are installed to a version-specific place (eg /usr/lib/python2.6/) so swapping in a new version without catering for existing packages will break things that need things on the right Python path.
There are major language differences between 2.6 and 3.x that, if a package doesn't check to see what version it's using (common of older scripts) could make things unstable.

For example, if you divide two ints in 2.6 you are returned a floored int; but in 3.x it'll return a float.

The safest thing to do is just call the 3.x binary when you want to use Python 3.x.

python3.1 my_python_script.py


Unable to install Nvidia drivers on Ubuntu 18.04.1

Ok, as of now many of the bugs related to this issue (NVIDIA Graphics) have been fixed and the installation procedure is fairly easy. (I would recommend you to have a fresh start, and then apply this procedure)

  1.Entering Grub Boot Parameters - This can be done by going to the grub menu at boot (press Esc or Shit at boot) here press e.  2. Enabling Text Mode Booting - Here add a 3 after quiet splash and press F10 to reboot using the new parameters. 3. Purge NVIDIA- Now login to the text only mode, and purge all the NVIDIA drivers completely using the sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia*, and reboot. While rebooting follow step 1, here edit the parameters and add the command nomodeset before qiet splash, and press F10
   to reboot the using the new parameters.  4. Installing Nvidia Drivers- once in the system run commands in the terminal sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get upgrade now.

    Add the drivers repository to Ubuntu, run the commands sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa and sudo apt update.  Now, do not update graphic drivers via the terminal, instead search for Software & Updates in the Ubuntu GUI. here go to the additional drivers tab. Here you will find the set of NVIDIA drivers for your system. select the nvidia-drivers-415 i think that one is the latest. (Make sure that you do not select or keep selection in Using X.Org X server - selection)
    The installation will take a while once the installation is complete, reboot the system.
    Now it isn't necessary to add nomodeset to boot parameters, the Ubuntu Os should boot properly and without any error.
    If you have added nomodeset parameters to Grub, remove it in this step and keep the quiet splash parameter alone.(or else nvidia driver wont load)
    Once you have completed the login, enter the Ubuntu desktop, search for the NVIDIA Xserver application, to monitior the nvidia GPU.


Invalid signature error while booting Windows 8

What would certainly help is to use  boot repair so we can get a precise idea on what's going on.
Then I assume you try to get to win8 trough grub.

What could have happened is:

-you installed 32bit ubuntu (and messed up legacy and uefi).

-you simply erased the windows partition (install Gparted so we might see it)

I hope this might eventually help


Steam will not install on Ubuntu 18.04.1

Assuming you have installed it by clicking on the deb file, you may want to try a different approach. You may try installing it by the following command (in a terminal window)

cd directory_where_the_file_resides(usually downloads)

sudo dpkg -i file.deb

(or alternatively: sudo dpkg -i /home/downloads/downloaded_file.deb)

Alternatively, you can go to the software center and try installing it from there. It has worked for me.


ON pidgin > tools > preferences > converstions

uncheck Highlight Misspelled Words


the issue with java7/openjdk7 is that they have linking issues with their own libraries so adding them into LD_LIBRARY_PATH should get you out of safemode :)

here is an example command using firefox and openjdk7

32bit:
    LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/lib/i386 firefox

64bit:
    LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/lib/amd64 firefox

It works for the unix client and once the public testing is done (to see if this causes any other issues) i will make an automated script to fix it :)


How do I establish a WebDAV connection in Gnome 3?

In the Server Address field type the following:

davs://user@host.name/path

The user@ and path parts are of course optional, so, if needed, you can just type:

davs://host.name/

If you need, you may provide a password as well:

davs://user:password@host.name/path


How can I share all of my UbuntuOne photo albums in one go?

You cannot currently share all albums at once.


Bluetooth devices instantly getting disconnected or not providing audio

Solution from OP:
The problems were caused by the devices being stuck under bluetooth as paired devices erroneously. After finding out the MAC addresses of the devices using bluetoothctl and removing them using remove [MAC address] devices could be paired again without issues.
For example, run the command
bluetoothctl

You will get a new prompt [bluetooth]#. You can type help for a list of commands. The command devices should return details of available devices, for example (here I'm making up a dummy MAC address):
[bluetooth]# devices
Device AA:BB:CC:D1:E2:33 Audio Thingy

The string full of colons is the MAC address. To remove this device (put the correct MAC address found by the previous command:
remove AA:BB:CC:D1:E2:33


How do I enable horizontal two-finger scrolling in Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS?

Would this work?
Go inside a Terminal: and type:
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.touchpad two-finger-scrolling-enabled true

If not; please reply and tell me what went wrong!
Edit:
sudo apt install mate-settings-daemon

and then:
 gsettings set org.mate.peripherals-touchpad horizontal-two-finger-scrolling true

Does this work for you?
//Regards


Linux Equivalent of Windows Ctrl to show Mouse Pointer

Open Terminal and run the following command

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse locate-pointer true

Now if you press ctrl the pointer should be highlighted.


Recommendations from Software Center are just odd (or for default and installed apps)

The pieces that conform the Recommendations feature can be viewed in the blue print registered to track its development in the 12.04 cycle. In a nutshell, it’s a server-side recommendations algorithm (Launchpad project) that sends data to the Software Center so it can display apps that you’re likely to give a good rating.

This feature is specificated in detail here. Unfortunately, the specification is not fully implemented in Software Center. You can help by filing bug reports on every issue you may find, against the software-center package.


I think there is the answer to your problem in this post: dpkg: new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1
The package's .preinst script is failing for some reason.
To find out why, examine the script in /var/lib/dpkg/info/PACKAGENAME.preinst
If you want to see exactly which line the script is failing on, edit the .preinst script and add set -x immediately after the #! line.  This turns on execution tracing in the script.
NOTE: This assumes that the .preinst script is a shell script (either posix sh or bash).  Almost all .preinst (and .postinst, .prerm, and .postrm) scripts are shell scripts but they don't have to be, they could be any executable.  e.g. on my main desktop machine with 9104 packages installed, 14 are perl scripts, 1 is a compiled executable (bash's preinst - it can't assume there is a functioning shell already installed), and all of the rest are shell scripts...9041 are POSIX shell scripts, 63 are bash scripts.  If the .preinst is perl or python or something else, you'll have to figure out how to enable debugging or execution trace mode or similar in that language.
Then run dpkg --configure --pending.
This will cause dpkg to try to configure the half-installed package.  DO NOT reinstall it with dpkg -i, that will overwrite your edited .preinst script with the version in the .deb package.
This may give you enough information to fix the problem.  It may be something simple like an unexpected or uncaught exit code from a program (most .preinst etc scripts have set -e, to make them terminate on the first error), or assuming that a directory already exists (and this may be due to an undeclared dependency in the package's debian/control file - i.e it should depend on foo but doesn't.  just install foo anyway)
Once it's fixed, run dpkg --configure --pending again, and the package should be properly installed.
If the .preinst script is buggy, there's a reasonable chance that the .postinst (and/or .prerm and .postrm) scripts will be too.  You may need to fix them as well.
Don't forget to submit a bug report to whoever made the package so they can fix it.


XFCE, TTY, blank screen, not working shortcuts

Ok, I've found out how to make TTY-s working after a suspend, login etc. Firstly, I thought that the reason is the Power Manager. Actually, the reason was quite different.
Installing xserver-xorg-video-nouveau and connected packages, instead of NVidia Current driver, helped. I had Nvidia driver version 304, and I'm not sure about the new version, 310; if it's better or not.
As far as shortcuts are concerned, I've also replaced in my keyboard shortcut file (/home/mpd/.config/xfce4/xfconf/xfce-perchannel-xml/xfce4-keyboard-shortcuts.xml) all "Control" entries with "Primary".


Is there a safe way to disable DHCP from command line?

I'll try to give you a brief example of what you can do, but it's not complete example because the exact setup, needs etc can differ quite a lot.

First, lets make some assumptions to make this case more simple:

You're not using network-manager
You're not using resolvconf, but static /etc/resolv.conf file
Your interfaces file does not contain allow-hotplug lines to reconfigure if cable is unplugged/plugged.

Let's setup our helper variable DEV

## your device is eth0
# stop /etc/interface control of the eth0 device, should also stop/kill dhcp for that device
ifdown eth0
## stop dhclient to be sure, don't worry about leases files etc
pkill dhclient
## ubuntu precise calls dhclient with dhclient3
pkill dhclient3
# set ip manually: (NETMASK is quite often 24 == 255.255.255.0)
ifconfig eth0 up 192.168.0.1/NETMASK
# do you need default gw? (for this example it's 192.168.0.254)
route add default gw  192.168.0.254

## if your /etc/resolv.conf is incorrect add correct nameserver like this:
### 8.8.8.8 = goole open dns
echo 'nameserver 8.8.8.8' > /etc/resolv.conf

Now if assumption 1) is false do (stop network-manager):

stop network-manager

For assumption 2) either remove resolvconf or remove /etc/resolv.conf if it's a symlink and replace it with static file

[ -h /etc/resolv.conf ] && rm /etc/resolv.conf

And for assumption 3): This should comment out hotplug lines.. and I hope it's enough

perl -i -pe 's/^(\s*allow-hotplug)/# $1/g' /etc/network/interfaces


I've seen this happen when the thumb drive had gone into read-only mode due to a damaged partition table.  Recreating the partition table and committing those changes before attempting other operations should fix you up.

If that fails, it's likely your flash drive is damaged in some way that has rendered it permanently read-only, and with the current price of 8 GB thumb drives, it may make the most sense to simply buy another one.


This is the action tied to readline's function dynamic-complete-history.

You can redefine such action in ~/.inputrc, for example to Alt-z with

$include /etc/inputrc
"\ez": dynamic-complete-history

where \e means ESC and is equivalent to an Alt modifier.

Also take into account this other possible solution: How to quickly store and access often used commands?


Remove old reference:

sudo update-binfmts --package openjdk-6 --remove jar /usr/bin/jexec

Add new one:

sudo update-binfmts --package oracle-java7 --install jar /usr/bin/jexec --magic PK\x03\x04


Will my files also be deleted from local UbuntuOne folders?

After June 1, the local client won't be able to connect to the server. So, on July 31, the data can only be deleted from the server, because the client won't be connected, and thus won't be able to synchronize any deletion that happens.


How do i install or update kdenlive with an appimage?

Kdenlive's Ubuntu page says you could run

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kdenlive/kdenlive-stable && sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade && sudo apt install kdenlive

BUT they also warn against using it with 18.10 or earlier: "QML parts are not reliable with Qt versions below 5.11, so bionic is out of scope (18.04 LTS, basis for several derivatives)" which explains the crashing with 16.04 LTS.

So, AppImage is a good way to go with your 16.04 LTS. After

downloading the AppImage
move it over into ~/ then
make it executable with chmod a+x Kdenlive-17.12.0d-x86_64.AppImage and launch it with
~/Kdenlive-17.12.0d-x86_64.AppImage

Flatpak (Flatpak pre-install instructions) also offers an alternative approach, but I was unable to find v17 Kdenlive in Flatpak.


Can you try login from the console? At login screen press ctrl + alt + F3 and enter your login credentials. If that does work, you can try starting the X-Session manually by typing startx. If you are able to start the X-Session manually, you can try to reinstall gdm(3) by deleting it sudo apt-get purge gdm and reinstaling it sudo apt-get install gdm. You can further try to reinsall the ubuntu desktop like described in here. Be aware that reinstalling the ubuntu-desktop results in installing all packages of the default installation. For minimal installation use ubuntu-desktop-minimal.

If you can't login at all, it might be a password problem as you stated.

I hope those steps can help you, at least they helped me, when I broke my login screen the first few times :D


Do I need to set a "location" for a printer in Ubuntu?

No, the location is where the Printer is. Maybe Office or something. Sounds like a driver issue in your case.

Please let us know more about your setup.

Which printer is it? Do you installed the driver automatically or manually?
Can you post a screenshot of your configuration?
...
...


Where are Amazon Kindle ebooks on my Linux PC after I download them for offline reading w/"Kindle Cloud Reader" Chrome app, & how to convert to PDF?

How to convert purchased Amazon eBooks to PDF format:

This is a hard problem. However, I have a solution, but Linux users (including myself) aren't going to like it.

First off, let me say: DON'T STEAL BOOKS OR ANYTHING ELSE! BUY THEM! PAY AUTHORS FOR THE THOUSANDS OF HOURS THEY PUT INTO THEIR CRAFT AND THEN WRITING ABOUT IT. I'm going to explain how to do some things but DON'T STEAL BOOKS. This assumes you have PURCHASED AN EBOOK and are just PISSED OFF THAT WITH THAT PURCHASE YOU DON'T HAVE THE FREEDOM TO READ IT AS A PDF (A FREEDOM WHICH I THINK YOU SHOULD HAVE).

Also, there are possibly other paths to accomplish what I'm about to describe. If I see a possible alternate path I'll mark it with the word "clue", so watch for those and head down those paths to write your own improved answer if you wish.

1) Get the eBook from Amazon onto your PC for "offline reading"

What you need is the Kindle App "for PC & Mac": https://www.amazon.com/kindle-dbs/fd/kcp. However, don't use this link to download it, because the current version as of 5 Mar. 2018 is 1.21 Build 48017, and all versions after Kindle for PC 1.17 use a new "KFX format" which is currently uncrackable.

Clue: go crack the KFX format. We will all thank you for it.

Now, turn off your Ubuntu computer and boot into Windows.

Clue: You may be able to do this using Wine or by installing Windows 10 for free into a virtual machine inside Ubuntu instead.

So, go download an old version of the "Kindle for PC" app here:

https://kindle-for-pc.en.uptodown.com/windows/old. You must use version 1.17 or earlier for this to work. I used 1.16 Build 44025.

Install the App. Log in with your Amazon account, right-click the ebook you want, and go to "Download."

This will save it on your PC for offline viewing. You'll now find your downloaded book as a ".azw" file in "C:\Users\MY_USERNAME\Documents\My Kindle Content". For ex: "C:\Users\MY_USERNAME\Documents\My Kindle Content\B08137WHQ_EBOK.azw".

Clue: later versions of the Kindle for PC app will give you a folder with that name containing several other files instead, such as ".azw", ".azw.md", and ".azw.res". Apparently this is the new, uncrackable "KFX" format. Go crack it!

Clue: There is also a Chrome App called "Kindle Cloud Reader." You can install it and download your book for offline viewing too, but it uses a different format too. See comments under my question. On Windows you can find its offline book contents under the hidden folder "C:\Users\MY_USERNAME\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\databases\https_read.amazon.com_0". It contains, for example, two files named "85" and "86", with no file extension, but one is clearly the book since it's a few MB, while the other is 44KB or so. On Linux you can do a find in your home directory to find this location with sudo find . -iname \*amazon\*. I found the folder in: "~/.config/google-chrome/Profile 1/databases/https_read.amazon.com_0".

2) Remove the "Digital Rights Management" (DRM) from the .azw file so you can read the eBook using non-Amazon software.

In short: DRM sucks. If you're an author, don't do that crap! Just sell digital PDFs on Gumroad instead (Update: LeanPub may be a better option instead!).

To remove the DRM from the file we are going to use "DeDRM Tools 6.5.5": https://apprenticealf.wordpress.com/2017/10/20/dedrm-tools-6-5-5-released/.

Download it from GitHub here: https://github.com/apprenticeharper/DeDRM_tools/releases. Notice that the release notes state: "This release does not include any support for the KFX format Kindle ebooks that are often downloaded when using Kindle for PC/Mac 1.19 or later."

Click the GitHub link to download "DeDRM_tools_6.5.5.zip", then extract the zip file so you can find the "DeDRM_calibre_plugin" folder it contains.

Now go install the Calibre ebook reader for Windows 64-bit:

https://calibre-ebook.com/download. I'm using "calibre-64bit-3.18.0.msi".

Clue: I'm actually using this in Windows, but maybe you can get it to work in Linux, since Calibre has a Linux installation page too. DeDRM also contains some good notes you are about to need to help you out if you want to pursue this. See the readme you just extracted above here: "DeDRM_calibre_plugin\DeDRM_plugin_ReadMe.txt". It contains a rather confusing section (for me at least) titled "Linux Systems Only".

Install the DeDRM plugin:

Once Calibre is installed, open it up. Then go to "Preferences" --> "Advanced" section --> Plugins. Choose "Load plugin from file" then find your DeDRM .zip file in the unzipped folder from above. You're looking for "DeDRM_calibre_plugin\DeDRM_plugin.zip". Choose this plugin then click "Open" and "Apply."

Now click "Add books" in Calibre and go find the .azw file we previously downloaded using Kindle for PC 1.16 (1.17 or earlier). It will import it and automatically use DeDRM to remove the DRM crap!

You should now be able to open the eBook in Calibre for reading. Double click the book in Calibre to verify it opens up properly and is readable. It it works, all is well so far.

Clue: If in Windows this works flawlessly. If in Linux you may have to fight it with the readme file above, to get Wine and Python and stuff to all work right--I couldn't figure it out in Linux.

Almost there!

3) Convert the de-DRM'ed eBook to PDF!

Select the book in Calibre and click "Convert books" at the top. Choose "PDF" in the "Output format" drop-down box at the top-right of the window that pops up. You may now click "Ok" to do the conversion, OR (optionally) change a few quick settings first--as described below!

Optional:

Select "Page setup" first and make sure "Input profile" is set to "Default Input Profile" and "Output profile" is set to "Default Output Profile".
Select "Structure detection" and delete all text from the "Insert page breaks before (XPath expression)" box if you'd like the PDF to take up fewer pages by not forcing page breaks between every section and sub-section in the ebook.

Click "Ok" to convert the ebook to PDF! This took ~2 min for me on an eBook ~100 pages in length and 3 MB in size.

Done! Your ebook PDF is now located in your "Calibre Library" folder here: "C:\Users\YOUR_USERNAME\Documents\Calibre Library\EBOOK_AUTHOR\EBOOK_TITLE\EBOOK_TITLE.pdf".

You'll also find a nice (de-DRMed I think) ".azw3" file in the same location as well, in case you want to use Calibre or other generic eBook readers to read the book instead!

Copy the PDF or .azw3 file to your Ubuntu machine, as desired, and voila!--use your favorite ebook reader (ex: Calibre) or PDF viewer (ex: FoxitReader) to view your ebook as a PDF!

Get Foxit Reader for taking notes inside digital PDFs:

Foxit Reader (click here then go to "Free Foxit Reader Download") is great because it has awesome highlighting and comment tools to underline things, highlight, or take notes, and it is cross-platform (Windows, Mac, Linux, & others) and free as in "no-cost" (but not free as in open source!).

AND REMEMBER: DON'T STEAL! Buy the book and give the authors their hard-earned money! Encourage authors to sell PDFs (ex: via Gumroad like I do) (Update: LeanPub may be a better option instead!) instead of DRMed garbage.
But if you steal you are ruining the system. DRM might suck, but you don't have to suck too!


How to complete unfinished installation in ubuntu 10.04?

is really old with p4 256mb ram

Then by far out is Lubuntu the only choise you have; Xubuntu requires for about 512Mb RAM for a reasenable work-flow.

10.04 is almost EOL. The solutions above in the comments could work :) .

Of course if you can upgrade your RAM-memory up to 1Gb, then you can easily work with Xubuntu, what is more a vivid operating system than Lubuntu.
These RAM-banks can be easily found second hand, and sometimes even new in several webshops.
I'd suggest that this is an option you simply can't refuse (lol) .

At the other hand a P4 is mostly an older computer what should be replaced for something from the newest generation, but that is, for Xubuntu, not entire nessecary.

I'd go for the RAM-upgrade (this is the cheapest way for catching up with the new generations of Linux) .


How to check which version of library is used and how to change?

to list all the libraries installed in your system and with their versions you can use

ldconfig -v

&

sudo ldconfig -v

both will work but 2nd command list all the libraries which need to be have root permissions to list.

to Filter specific package , use its name as argument. for example to list all jpeg libraries installed

ldconfig -v | grep jpeg


Improve Ubuntu 14.04 LTS video performance

With NVIDIA, your only choice is to either use the proprietary drivers or live with horrible performance. Try installing nvidia-current.


How to solve system UI lagging / max fan speed by leveraging dedicated Quadro graphics on Dell Precision 7510?

Looks like the cause was a background app using exessive resources, though with Firefox it got much worse.
It didn't show up in system monitor but htop seems to give a great overview of what really uses so much resources


Create a directory during .deb installation with read write access rights using cmaklist.txt

Add the following debian/my_package.postint to create the directory and change its permissions:

#!/bin/sh

#DEBHELPER#

set -e

mkdir -p /opt/mydirectory
chmod 777 /opt/mydirectory

Then build your package with dpkg-buildpackage -b for example.


wifi list won't show and even ethernet won't show

Please make sure that NetworkManager is properly installed and not messed up. To find try the following command in terminal:
which NetworkManager

It should return /usr/sbin/NetworkManager

To reinstall NetworkManager have a look at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NetworkManager


Application for fullscreen note taking with Wacom tablet

Xournal lets you draw in full-screen mode, has pressure sensitivity settings and can export to pdf (only, it seems). I haven't used it for note taking, only to annotate pdf articles. There seems to be no automatic hand-writing to text conversion.


After 2 days trying fix it, I found the problem. Nautilus couldn't display .j2k file on desktop. When I deleted this .j2k file (which btw was not zero byte!) nautilus started working fine.
I wonder that .j2k is not supported!!!


If you've installed the GNOME desktop (ubuntu-gnome-desktop) you need to open the GNOME Tweak Tool and enable the Icons on Desktop. Also make sure that your desktop background is a picture file, not just a solid color.


How to disable network with crontab on ubuntu 14.04?

nmcli uses DBus, so you could try using dbus-launch as shown in this answer. It would look like:

dbus-launch --exit-with-session nmcli dev disconnect iface eth0

Apparently, this only works for the root user.

The other way is more direct:

sudo ip link set down dev eth0

Used in root's crontab, or in /etc/crontab, the sudo wouldn't be required.


How to access Ubuntu Server from local PC?

Ensure you have OpenSSH installed on your server, you can install it with sudo apt-get install openssh-server. For future installations, you get a menu during installation of the server with different choices. Lamp, openssh, MySQL etc. If you mark openssh you're good to go after installation.

Furthermore, if the computer you want to access from runs windows, download a program called putty.

If it runs any distro of linux you can use the terminal. sudo apt-get install openssh-client. The syntax for accessing the server from your terminal is like this ssh my-user-name@my-server-ip. If you have a domain associated with the IP you can replace the IP with the domain.

Hope this helps


Install Foxit Reader on Ubuntu 16.04: Installation does not start

I have the same issue, but it fixed now by providing sudo before  ./Foxit..., may be you can try to add sudo in front of command installation. I tried this :

sudo ./FoxitReader.enu.setup.2.4.1.0609\(r08f07f8\).x64.run


Why are there two kernels under `/lib/modules` on 16.04 LTS?

It is common to keep one older kernel version around in case the new one breaks.

The previous version is available on grub's Advanced Options menu.

Kernels that Ubuntu automatically installs can be automatically removed by using:

sudo apt autoremove

This removes older kernels (that Ubuntu automatically installed) but keeps the current version and the one before it.

When you manually install kernels (often necessary to get new hardware support or address a certain "glitch" you have) you need to manually remove them.


/sys is old. It was introduced before the Linux kernel reached 2.6 (back when there was a 2.4/2.5 split). Since the first Ubuntu release used a 2.6 kernel, every version of Ubuntu has had a /sys.

/dev contains the actual device files. It does not provide access to all devices that the kernel knows of (such as ethernet devices, for one - Why are network interfaces not in /dev like other devices?, Why do Ethernet devices not show up in "/dev"?). It is an interface to the device itself - you write to the device, read from it, etc.

/sys is an interface to the kernel. Specifically, it provides a filesystem-like view of information and configuration settings that the kernel provides, much like /proc. Writing to these files may or may not write to the actual device, depending on the setting you're changing. It isn't only for managing devices, though that's a common use case.

More information can be found in the kernel documentation:

Top Level Directory Layout
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The sysfs directory arrangement exposes the relationship of kernel
data structures.

The top level sysfs directory looks like:

block/
bus/
class/
dev/
devices/
firmware/
net/
fs/

devices/ contains a filesystem representation of the device tree. It maps
directly to the internal kernel device tree, which is a hierarchy of
struct device.

bus/ contains flat directory layout of the various bus types in the
kernel. Each bus's directory contains two subdirectories:

    devices/
    drivers/

devices/ contains symlinks for each device discovered in the system
that point to the device's directory under root/.

drivers/ contains a directory for each device driver that is loaded
for devices on that particular bus (this assumes that drivers do not
span multiple bus types).

fs/ contains a directory for some filesystems.  Currently each
filesystem wanting to export attributes must create its own hierarchy
below fs/ (see ./fuse.txt for an example).

dev/ contains two directories char/ and block/. Inside these two
directories there are symlinks named <major>:<minor>.  These symlinks
point to the sysfs directory for the given device.  /sys/dev provides a
quick way to lookup the sysfs interface for a device from the result of
a stat(2) operation.

For example:

One way of setting the brightness of a laptop monitor is:

echo N > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

To get the a network card's MAC address:

cat /sys/class/net/enp1s0/address

To get the current CPU scaling governors:

cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor

And so on...


Error in node_crypto.cc when building node.js with nvm

In Oneiric and later releases openssl is built with sslv2 disabled due to known security flaws with that version of the protocol.

Since node v0.4.9 the configure script can detect if sslv2 is enabled or not and take the correct action (commit f23c45f7f461).

The other option is to disable ssl when you build node.


HP ProLiant DL360 G4p with 13.10 server has network issues

The network adapter here is a Broadcom device. Can you quickly run the firmware update for the controller and see if that resolves the issue?

Try that first before troubleshooting other levels of the stack. Cables, switch port, etc. are worth investigating, too.

Recall that the G4 series of HP ProLiant are 8-9 years-old... Keep that in mind as you invest time.


How to get Emacs keybindings in Firefox using Mate?

See the link:
http://lwn.net/Articles/509467/
The relevant command is:

mateconftool-2 -s /desktop/mate/interface/gtk_key_theme -t string Emacs


Follow the below steps:

Open Audacity and import your WAV file by clicking the "File" menu, go to "Import" and select "Audio.". Wait a couple of seconds
for your file to load. Once you see the sound waves appear in the
editing window, your WAV is ready to convert.
Export the WAV to MP3. Go back to the "File" menu and select "Export". When the export window opens, Click "Save as type" from
the drop-down menu and choose "MP3 Files."
Rename your file now if you like. Then click the "Save" button.
Enter any metadata you wish to add. You will find fields for song and album titles, file dates, artist names, and other notes you
may like to associate with your file.
Wait for the exporting process to finish. Once the green bar has reached 100%, you may test the MP3 file using your favorite media
player.


Reinstalled Ubuntu 14.04 with online update and Internet is not coming wireless or wired

I could resolve this by

Right click on net icon and removed ipv4 settings.
sudo apt install firmware-b43-installer


Can't boot into Ubuntu after installing GNOME 16.04 (stuck at blank purple screen)

I ended up solving this by using nomodeset to get far enough to open command line with CTRL + ALT + F1. After that I entered

sudo apt-get --reinstall install gdm
sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm
sudo service lightdm start

from: https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2058251


How to add a static network with new name system

In the new persistent naming convention, ethernet interfaces are typically named enp-something. As you see, you have an interface enp3s0. Since you say you are connected to a switch, I assume it is with ethernet.

On your normal desktop computer, running recent versions of Ubuntu, you are far better off to set a static IP address in Network Manager, as discussed here: static ip network guide

However, if you wish to use /etc/network/interfaces in order to learn and to be confident to use the same technique in the Pi, then, first, find out the range of addresses used in the router or other device that serves DHCP on your network. We will select an address outside the DHCP pool. Here is an example: http://www.mathgamehouse.com/oldmgh/istorm/help/manual/images/linksys.gif

In the example, the DHCP pool extends from 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.149. If it isn't otherwise reserved, a static address of, in this example, 192.168.1.5 would work perfectly.

Next, I suggest that you amend your file to:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto enp3s0
iface enp3s0 inet static
address 192.168.1.5
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1 8.8.8.8

Of course, substitute your exact details here. Reboot and check:

ifconfig
ping -c3 www.ubuntu.com

If you get ping returns, you are connected.


This is just to say you're not the only one... It happened to me too yesterday as soon as I saw the update was available. At this point you cannot just reset your phone, what you need is to re-install ubuntu-touch (at least that's what it sounds like from your description). I cannot speak from experience because I don't have the time to bring mine back to life, but here are all the instructions on how to do this:

http://developer.ubuntu.com/en/start/ubuntu-for-devices/installing-ubuntu-for-devices/


Why do I have a "libvirt qemu" account in Lock/Switch account options in Ubuntu 16.04?

The accountsservice package seems to have a bug, since it shows nologin-shell accounts.

As a workaround, simply use these two commands:

printf "[User]\nSystemAccount=true\n" | sudo tee /var/lib/AccountsService/users/libvirt-qemu
sudo systemctl restart accounts-daemon.service


Rather than searching for a GUI tool, you may find it is quicker to export the data to character-delimited files and use the GNU tools for manipulating text files, like :

join
sort
diff

If you are not so inclined but don't mind spending a little money ($30), I find Beyond Compare 3 to be an excellent merge and compare tool, with a specific mode for data (although you'll still probably have to export to a CSV file).

Disclaimer: I have no financial interest in Scooter Software, I'm merely a happy user of their product on both Windows and Ubuntu.


Sync list of custom words in spell checker

For Firefox this is easy enough as your customised spelling words are stored in a plaintext file called persdict.dat. The full path will vary according to the filename used for the specific subdirectory, it will be something like $HOME/.mozilla/firefox/*.default/ using a wildcard for the random letters and numbers; but this screenshot will give you the idea:

Simply copy this file to another profile, in the appropriate location, for the custom dictionary to be reused. If you would like you can also manually add words to this file using your favorite text editor.

For Swype I believe there is no easy way unfortunately. The contents of the file persdict.dat can be read with a text editor and then manually entered into Swype:

Type a word that is not in your dictionary (for instance, “Ubuntu”)
Tap on your word in the Word Choice List
Tap on the prompt that then appears to add your word

This word 'Ubuntu' is now added to your personal dictionary, a painfully manual process but effective nevertheless...

References:

MozillaZine: Dictionaries - Personal Dictionaries
Swype ios tips...


No Wireless in Dell Inspiron 1521 with 12.04

Your wireless device is covered in the driver ath9k but only in kernels 3.8 and later. Please see here: How to install Qualcomm Atheros AR9565 wireless drivers? You could update your 12.04 to 12.04.3 LTS which uses the 3.8.0-xx kernel or reinstall Ubuntu 13.04. You could certainly also compile the compat-wireless linked here.


Black screen when running xubuntu 13.10 after upgrade

Try with
host+F1
host is right control in my case, but it depend on your VirtualBox installation.
You gain the access to the terminal in this way.
When you entered, launch startx and the shell appear.
I know is not the solution, but is the point I reach till now since I have the same problem of you.


When Ubuntu 18.04.1 Server is asked to preinstall Docker, it ends up in /snap

Snap is a recent, alternative packaging concept from Canonical, separate from the Advanced Packaging Tool (apt). You'll notice that $ echo $PATH will likely manifest /snap/bin at the end. This makes it so that any command you use, if it's not caught by something existing earlier in PATH, may be done with something out of Snap.

Docker, as occasioned during the installation of Ubuntu 18.04.1 Server, will be in Snap (as opposed to being found among Debian packages). It's how Canonical decided to install it when chosen from the list of possible installations early on.

Notice that $ docker --version does work and Docker is available and usable from Snap just as it might be if you installed it using apt-get. (Installing via apt happens to be a lot more involved because you'll have to add a repository you probably do not already have, plus a key and perform some other actions. apt install docker.io will not do it.)

It's possible to install Docker (the hard way, using apt) alongside the Snap way, but there is nothing to be gained from it.

Last, a lack of familiarity with Docker will only begin to reveal other Docker-associated commands and practices which are not always going to be available as a direct result of simply having installed Docker. Such problems will have to be worked out anyway and are not related to Snap. Their solution may be in apt and not be available (yet) in Snap, but that doesn't mean they will fail to work with a Snap-installed Docker.


-f typically designates a switch or flag to a command aka option. For example,

stty -F /dev/ttyUSB0

Here -F tells stty to read options for a serial usb device, be it microcontroller or Raspberry

Flags are not standalone, they depend on each comman. So one command may or may not have it. Some commands don't use flags at all. Read man page for each command do know what options are available


Why after install VirtualBox my terminal and software center remove

Ok the problem could be that you may have installed package for different architecture from you OS architecture.

To check which architecture is your OS, write in terminal:

uname -a

Result for 32-bit Ubuntu:

  Linux discworld 2.6.38-8-generic #42-Ubuntu SMP Mon Apr 11 03:31:50 UTC 2011 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

whereas the 64-bit Ubuntu will show:

  Linux discworld 2.6.38-8-generic #42-Ubuntu SMP Mon Apr 11 03:31:50 UTC 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

So after you know the correct architecture, first you need to remove the package that you have installed:

sudo apt-get purge virtualbox*

The download and install proper package:

For 32 bit OS virtualbox-4.3_4.3.26-98988~Ubuntu~raring_i386.deb

For 64 bit OS virtualbox-4.3_4.3.26-98988~Ubuntu~raring_amd64.deb

Possible duplicate as VirtualBox 4.3 on Ubuntu 13.10 breaks Unity and Terminal


Ubuntu corrupts when formatting usb drive

What you were doing

  But when I run sudo mkfs.ntfs /dev/mmcblk0

The device name /dev/mmcblk0 is typically used for a memory card connected via PCI. A USB drive (pendrive or memory card connected via USB) should be seen as /dev/sdx, where x is a letter (a or b or c ...).

If you really had a USB drive, it is possible that the mkfs tool wrote zeros to a regular file with the name /dev/mmcblk0, which is not at all what you wanted. If this happened, you had better delete that file,

if test -f /dev/mmcblk0; then sudo rm /dev/mmcblk0; fi

If it is a card in a slot connected via PCI in a laptop you wrote zeros to the card.
The worst case would be that the computer connects to the internal drive via PCI such that it is recognized as /dev/mmcblk0. I have not encountered any such computer (except Raspberry Pi), but it is possible. In that case, the internal drive was overwritten with zeros, which is really bad. (Modern high-performance laptops use nvme drives, that also connect via PCI but are seen as /dev/nvme0n1, and such computers should react like computers with standard SATA drives: a regular file is created.)

Methods that should work

Instead of writing to the device itself, it is better to create a partition table and create the NTFS file system in a partition. You can do both those tasks with gparted, if you run a graphical desktop environment.

First select 'Device' -- 'Create Partition table',
and then create a partition with the NTFS file system.

This is easy and rather safe (in relative terms, editing partitions and creating file systems is always risky).

Otherwise in text mode you can

first run fdisk and create a partition table
then while still running fdisk create a partition
then run

mkfs.ntfs -v -f -L mmcdata /dev/mmcblk0p1   # for a card via PCI

mkfs.ntfs -v -f -L usbdata /dev/sdx1        # for a USB drive

where x is the device letter for the USB drive. Please check and doublecheck that you are writing to the correct drive, because these commands are risky.

  it starts filling the drive with zeroes

The option -f makes the tool skip zeroising the drive before formatting (and also skip checking for bad sectors).
The option -v 'verbose' makes the tool show what it is doing
The option -L  put a label to help recognizing the partition

What to do if it still does not work

If it still does not work, we can suspect that the card or USB drive is damaged. You can analyze and, let us hope, solve the problem according to the following link to another question and answer at AskUbuntu:

Can't format my usb drive. I have already tried with mkdosfs and gparted


I can't seed a torrent without downloading it using transmission-daemon web interface

Your going to have to use the verify data option, this will force Transmission to compare the local data to that of the torrent. You said you were using the daemon so use something like this
"transmission-remote -t # -v" (where # is the torrent ID -- shown with "transmission-remote -l"); ```


How can I do to make Ubuntu 14.04 to startup where I left in last session?

You can hibernate instead of shutting down.

Run these commands to enable it :

sudo -i

touch /var/lib/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/com.ubuntu.enable-hibernate.pkla

echo "[Re-enable hibernate by default in upower]
Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.upower.hibernate
ResultActive=yes
[Re-enable hibernate by default in logind]
Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate
ResultActive=yes" >> /var/lib/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/com.ubuntu.enable-hibernate.pkla

Then reboot.

You should now have a Hibernate option in your power menu.

Source : http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2014/04/enable-hibernate-ubuntu-14-04/


Use syntax highlighting for cat .gitignore

Use pygmentize, e. g. by defining aliases like dog or pig!

Add this lines to ~/.bash_aliases (or perhaps ~/.bashrc):

alias dog='pygmentize -g'
alias pig='pygmentize -g -O style=colorful,linenos=1'

Afterwards restart your terminal or run source ~/.bashrc.

You might need to install python-pygments  package:

sudo apt-get install python-pygments

Then you can run dog .gitgnore or pig .gitgnore

  pygmentize - highlights the input file
  Pygments is a generic syntax highlighter for general use in all kinds of software such as forum systems, wikis or other applications that need to prettify source code.


Can't Call Script From Anywhere But Its Own Directory

I found a sloppy solution: I made things working by explicitly calling cd inside my script and then using wine explicitly to run the executable:

cd ~/some/path
wine someProgram.exe someArg

However it seems like there should be some way to make that work without explicitly calling cd, and I'll accept any answer that explains it. I won't accept this one since it doesn't truly answer my original question (because it does the cd it's not really running things "from elsewhere").


Messages appeared on boot. Do I have a virus?

If by "check itself" you mean that during boot Ubuntu scanned your hard-dive for errors then NO, you don't have a virus, it does that normally every 36 boots or so to keep your filesystems in order...  The script itself looks ok and only helps in setting up your flash-drive...


Screen resolution is not automatically changed when login

I tried to change the background from picture to color and it works. Seems like a bug from Ubuntu.


is ubuntu unity compatible with kde (ubuntu 12.04) ?

I have had no problems with running them along side each other. You will select which environment you wish to log in to on the login screen at start up by clicking that little white circle. Assuming you have no other environments installed the list should just consist of "Ubuntu" and "Ubuntu 2d". When you install KDE you will see the two "Ubuntu" environments and the KDE Plasma Workspace. Click on the KDE option and input you password and you should be ready to go.

One side effect of doing this is that you will have programs from both environments listed. For example, you might have gedit as well as kde's text editor list under programs. You might also have KDE's settings manager and unity's settings manager both listed, which can get confusing. Other than that I have had no problems running KDE,mate,gnome,xfce, and unity all on the same machine.

In fact right now I am using a new install of xubuntu with Unity installed with it! Everything works just fine.

I would highly suggest reading this:
http://psychocats.net/ubuntu/kde


Is my Edubuntu disc AMD64 or i386? (64 or 32 bit)

There are several ways to check this. One way is to boot the live version using the Try option.

Then check System Settings >> Details and it will say if it is 32-bit or 64-bit.

To use the DVD file system, mount the DVD in another installation. Check to see if there is an EFI folder. That would indicate 64-bit.

You can compare the files in the 32-bit vs the 64-bit versions by comparing the .list files :

edubuntu-14.04-dvd-amd64.list
edubuntu-14.04-dvd-i386.list

These are text files that you can open with any text editor; they show you the contents of the DVD that you will see after you have burned the file.


How do I move the weather indicator to the top-panel in gnome-shell

The unity indicators do not display in the gnome-shell top-panel.  You will need to use gnome-shell extensions such as the one in the picture.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/gnome3
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gnome-shell-extensions-weather

Logout and login and start gnome-tweak-tool and turn on the weather extension.

You can configure your location by finding your WOEID code from http://edg3.co.uk/snippets/weather-location-codes/


Grub install on usb stick by accident/can't load Windows without the stick anymore

From here,

  Reinstalling GRUB 2 from a Working System

  If Ubuntu is operating normally, boot into the working installation
  and run the following command from a terminal.

  X is the drive (letter) on which you want GRUB to write the boot information. Normally users should not include a partition number,
  which would produce an error message as the command would attempt to
  write the information to a partition.

sudo grub-install /dev/sdX  # Example: sudo grub-install /dev/sda

  This will rewrite the MBR information to point to the current
  installation and rewrite some GRUB 2 files (which are already
  working). Since it isn't done during execution of the previous
  command, running sudo update-grub after the install will ensure GRUB
  2's menu is up-to-date.


How to define an optional dependency in a debian package

Why do you want your package to be installed after?  Does your postinst configure your package differently if it finds the other package is installed?  If so then you can use a trigger to cause your package to be reconfigured any time the other package is installed.

Follows some documentation:

https://sources.debian.org/src/dpkg/1.20.0/doc/triggers.txt
https://web.archive.org/web/20111022012105/http://www.seanius.net/blog/2009/09/dpkg-triggers-howto/
https://raphaelhertzog.com/2011/05/30/trying-to-make-dpkg-triggers-more-useful-and-less-painful/


you could try to enter:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install lightdm

and then in the terminal enter:

sudo apt-get install gdm

and then you chose lightdm.


Connection failure occurs while updating Ubuntu 14.04

Problem solved. It was because of a proxy that was set for getting apt updates. I had once set it while using an office WiFi. So, I deleted the file in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/02proxy and everything worked as normal.


Connection Refused - unless authenticated through Samba?

Ok, so I'm not 100% sure why, but Gitlab's Prometheus authentication was just outdated and was conflicting with something else. I upgraded Gitlab to 10.8 then to 11.x. everything, ssh, Samba, you name it, just works just as expected.

My advice for anyone here: it might be a total pain in the ass to upgrade something, but start there. That was my issue. You'll save yourself a lot of time and heartache before having to ask around.


How do i share my files from windows 7 to Ubuntu?

Alternately , you can also use USB Drive for transferring data. If you are unable to see your data from Windows.


Switching by hotkeys between workspaces with VirtualBox instance

In Virtual Box Manager select Preferences -> Input and deselect Auto Capture Keyboard to prevent the virtual machine to capture all keystrokes of the host when activated:


Problem adding HDSPMixer to the menu in Ubuntu Studio 18.04

The issue is the Exec key:
Exec=</usr/bin/hdspmixer>

This needs to be
Exec=/usr/bin/hdspmixer

since </usr/bin/hdspmixer> is not a valid path, which is why the error says it didn't exist.


How can I set Déjà Dup to keep backups for less than six months?

You need to modify the Dconf setting at path /org/gnome/deja-dup/, schema org.gnome.DejaDup, key name delete-after. It's set to the number of days to keep backup files on backup location.

For example, to set it to 60 days from the command line, run:

gsettings set org.gnome.DejaDup delete-after 60

You can also do this from dconf-editor:

The Backup Déjà Dup utility reacts well to this change, adding it as an option:


Shortcut to bring all open terminals to the front

You can press Alt+Tab to switch forward between windows and Alt+Shift+Tab to switch back between windows. This shortcut is made to work in almost all graphical operating systems. Yow can also use Super+W and arrow keys for the same purpose.

After you bring one terminal window in the front, press Alt+~ to bring all other terminal windows in the front one by one:

To automatically bring all open terminals in the front (not one by one as I described before) you will need to add a keyboard shortcut for the following script (script taken from Adobe's answer and improved considering that version of script hasn't worked for me):

#!/bin/bash

if [ $# -ne 1 ];then
  echo -e "Usage: `basename $0` PROGRAM_NAME\n
           For example:\n\t
           '`basename $0` gnome-terminal' for Terminal\n\t
           '`basename $0` firefox' for Firefox\n\t
           '`basename $0` chromium-browser' for Chromium\n\t..."
  exit 1
fi

pids=" $(pidof $@) "

if [ "$pids" = "  " ]; then # the string "  " contain two spaces
    echo "There is no program named '$@' opened at the moment."
    exit 1
fi

wmctrl -lp | while read identity desktop_number PID window_title; do
    if [ "${pids/ $PID }" != "$pids" ]; then
        wmctrl -ia $identity
    fi
done

Don't forget to make the script executable:

chmod +x /path/to/script/script_name

After you test the script in terminal, you must to see:

How can I change what keys on my keyboard do? (How can I create custom keyboard commands/shortcuts?)


Active torrents should be in .config/transmission/torrents inside your home folder. Since you have /home on a seprate partition, no backup is needed.


I downloaded the older version of R from here https://cran.r-project.org/src/base/R-3/
and set up using ./configure --prefix=/home/amit/.
I wanted to use a tool which can be run on an older version of R.


Installing drivers for Ubuntu 12.04 on MacBook Pro 9,1 Mid 2012 15 inch

I installed the wireless drivers thanks to this question: Macbook Pro wifi won't work

Also, after upgrading to 12.10, much of it works out of the box. Still figuring out how to safely install NVIDIA's drivers. This link might help: http://www.dedoimedo.com/computers/ubuntu-quetzal-nvidia.html


Crash during 12.04 upgrade, "Broken pipe", cannot boot

It happened to me also. I'm not sure what was the source of this as I did an upgrade, installed some apps and changed themes and icons. Deleting configuration folders from home folder solved my problem, so you should give it a try.

Press CTRL+ALT+F1 key combination.
Log in using TTY.
Delete those folders: .config, .cache, .dbus, .gfvs, .local with rm -R command.

Example:

rm -R /home/user/.config

I'm not sure if all listed folders should be deleted, so you can try one by one. If it solve your problem and you'll able to log in, be prepared for tons of Apport windows ;)


Screen tearing only when playing videos using GeForce GT 750M

There can be a lot of issues causing this problem, I know one of the solutions for Nvidia, this can be done with help of Nvidia-Settings run in terminal:

gksudo nvidia-settings

in opened screen like this check the highlighted lines:

Check if VBlank is activated, also you can uncheck it and watch a video then to see if it's better without, if not put it back. Usually this is the first thing stands for tearing in Nvidia graphics, navigate your mouse cursor to an option and hover the hint will pop up telling you what it does. Other issue can be with high fps percentage try to reducing quality factor.

Also in a second higlighted line GLX you can configure additional options for antialising, just hover on an option and you'll get a hint. Try configuring these two highlighted lines it should do the trick. Good Luck.


After the update on Lubuntu 16.04 (yes, I am near end of it's lifetime) I lost my keyboard. I saw in the update details GRUB was updated. And during boot a message "keyboard not detected".
I read some 30 threads about this ranging from 2014 to now. Checked that the keyboard worked fine in the bios. I didn't want to spend much time on this anymore, so I downloaded Puppy Linux life distro, started it, and used it to install GRUB4DOS on the harddrive.
I still have my dual boot Windows10/Lubuntu16.04.
GRUB will be usefull for something...but grub4dos always works.


grub-install dummy fails. this is a fatal error

Try this -

Click on something else

And then don't create the swap space manually

Just create an ext4 partition and let the os decide the swap space for you.

But the problem u mentioned occurs when the grub menu can't read the os from the first priority partition. So, when don't you choose the option - Install ubuntu alongside Windows.


I'm having the same problem, but I did not go through the installing/uninstalling GNOME 3.10. I think it just came with the regular ubuntu update. This unity-panel/global menu is such a headache, I don't know why the can't get it right.

Anyway, this works for me for GIMP:
* open a terminal and run: $ killall -HUP unity-panel-service

This will reset the menu and the greyed out items will then be available. However when you start GIMP again, it's back to the greyed out menus, thus you need to killall again.

Hope this helps
-H


How to call a Source file in a Bash Script?

The problem is that as you have a space in variable value, as a result the first part is being assigned as the variable value and the last part is being treated as a standalone command, leading to the error.

So the variable is being set as FIRSTANDLASTNAME=John and Doe is being taken as a command.

You need either quoting or escaping, any one of the following would do:

FIRSTANDLASTNAME="John Doe"
FIRSTANDLASTNAME='John Doe'
FIRSTANDLASTNAME=John\ Doe

Now you would be able to source (.) the file expectedly.


acetoneiso
Is a feature-rich and complete software application to manage CD/DVD images. Thanks to powerful open source tools such as fuseiso, AcetoneISO will let You mount typical proprietary images formats of the Windows world such as ISO BIN NRG MDF IMG and do plenty of other things.
sudo apt-get install acetoneiso


BURG doesn't identify Windows 10 but GRUB2 finds windows 10

AFAIK, BURG is abandonware. It's also, AFAIK, a BIOS-only boot loader. If your computer came with Windows 10 pre-installed, Windows is almost certainly booting in EFI mode, and so BURG, as a BIOS-only boot loader, won't be able to boot it.

GRUB 2, by contrast, is being actively developed and is available for both BIOS and EFI systems. It can therefore handle the dual-boot task.

The good news is that there are many alternatives to GRUB 2, as described briefly in this question and answers, and in more detail in my Web page on the subject. If you wanted to use BURG because of its graphical menus, the best alternative may be my own rEFInd boot manager.


Remove/Add nvidia drivers ubuntu 14.04.2

Firstly,

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia*

Enable the Universe and Multiverse repositories - you need to do this to allow the bumblebee and nvidia packages respectively to be installed. Then:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia primus linux-headers-generic

sudo reboot

To run your application with the discrete NVIDIA card run in the terminal:

optirun [options] <application> [application-parameters]

Example:

optirun firefox

For a list of options for optirun run:

optirun --help

You can also use prime-select option e.g.

sudo prime-select nvidia

sudo prime-select intel

To check:

prime-select --query


How to reset Ubuntu to act as at the first start?

The wizard you mentioned is only available from a fresh install - it is part of the installation routine.

If you want to reset your desktop then there is a great answer describing this.

An alternative would be just to create a new user account and copy the files from one account to the other.

10.10 is almost out of support (April 2011) - so you perhaps should consider upgrading.

Obviously 12.04 will be available at that time - full instructions on how to install from USB is available from ubuntu.com.

Unlike 10.10 - there is not a specific version of ubuntu for netbooks.  The netbook design has been combined into the one Unity interface (hence its name).  For netbooks, my recommendation would be to use the Unity-2D interface since it is much lighter for the lower cpu-powered netbook.


not able to run "phablet-flash -b -l" and so install ubuntu touch on my galaxy nexus

Read this, that should help. Have a nice day!
http://www.wugfresh.com/faq/how-to-fix-adb-device-is-listed-as-offline-on-android-4-2-2/


Disks app complains about "partition table of type atari" - can't partition 2nd hard drive

Before managing partitions, you may first need to format the disk itself.
You can't format a disk that is mounted, so if you cannot unmount the disk from your current installation, you will need do this from a live session (the "Try Ubuntu" option when booting installation media).
Note: Formatting a disk will erase it completely and irreversibly.  Always make sure you are working with the right disk.

Launch the "Disks" application.
Select your 1TB hard drive from the left side column.
With your hard drive selected, click the "Drive Options" menu on the top right corner of the window.
Choose "Format Disk..."
In most cases, "Quick" and "GPT" are the most appropriate choices.  If you're not sure, select these options.
In the confirmation window, if everything is correct, click "Format".

Once completed, your disk is now freshly formatted.  It will have no partitions: the whole drive is "unallocated free space".  If you want to add partitions manually, while the disk is still selected in the left column, click the + icon below the graphical representation of your disk to add new partitions.
If you are planning to use this disk to install Ubuntu, you can skip manually adding partitions at this time.  The guided options of the Ubuntu installation will be easier if you have unallocated free space.


sudo service apache2 restart: already running

It's possible for apache to get stuck and forget to remove its PID file (if it crashes, say).

Check if the file /var/run/apache2/apache2.pid exists. If it does, rm it.

Also check if there are apache processes running:

ps auxwww | grep apache

If there are, kill -9 them. Then you should be able to start apache via /etc/init.d/apache2 start.