What happens to my phone service provider contract if I replace Android with Ubuntu?

I would of thought that it relies on the SIM card, not the phone... So it might stay the same, as long as you use the same SIM. It also depends on whether your device is supported.

Try checking with your provider, Sprint, to see if there is any terms & conditions on the phone contract. You should have got that in small print when you got the phone...

You can also Contact them


It's not installed by default, but is easily installed from the store.


The installation disk will show the screen 90 degrees off.  When installed, the screen will right itself very nicely.  To correct the screen from the the DVD boot, open a terminal and type..."gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.touchscreen orientation-lock true"


How do I use the 32-bit JVM on a 64 bit OS?

You can download 32-bit versions of Oracle Java for Linux.

These don't come as Debian packages; download the .tar.gz version and unpack it somewhere, and then add the bin directory of the JRE to your PATH.


How do I setup php+My sql development environment

http://www.iasptk.com/ubuntu/20463-apache2-with-php5-and-mysql-support-on-ubuntu-server

Apache2 With PHP5 And MySQL Support On Ubuntu Server

LAMP is short for Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP.

Install an Apache2 webserver on an Ubuntu Server with PHP5 support (mod_php) and MySQL support.

Installing MySQL 5

sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

Installing Apache2

sudo apt-get install apache2

Apache's default document root is /var/www on Ubuntu, and the configuration file is /etc/apache2/apache2.conf. Additional configurations are stored in subdirectories of the /etc/apache2 directory such as /etc/apache2/mods-enabled (for Apache modules), /etc/apache2/sites-enabled (for virtual hosts), and /etc/apache2/conf.d.

Installing PHP5

sudo apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5

We must restart Apache afterwards:

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart OR sudo service apache2 restart

Getting MySQL Support In PHP5

To get MySQL support in PHP, we can install the php5-mysql package. It's a good idea to install some other PHP5 modules as well as you might need them for your applications. You can search for available PHP5 modules like this:

apt-cache search php5

Pick the ones you need and install them like this:

sudo apt-get install php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl

Now restart Apache2:

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart OR sudo service apache2 restart

Xcache is a free and open PHP opcode cacher for caching and optimizing PHP intermediate code. It's similar to other PHP opcode cachers, such as eAccelerator and APC. It is strongly recommended to have one of these installed to speed up your PHP page.

Xcache can be installed as follows:

sudo apt-get install php5-xcache

Now restart Apache:

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart OR sudo service apache2 restart

phpMyAdmin

phpMyAdmin is a web interface through which you can manage your MySQL databases.

sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin


How can I convert an ext4 partition to btrfs (or other file systems) without losing data?

If you install btrfs-tools with sudo apt-get install btrfs-tools, then the btrfs-convert command is made available to you.

First run an fsck:

sudo fsck.ext3 -f /dev/xxx

Then, convert!

sudo btrfs-convert /dev/xxx

To rollabck, run:

sudo btrfs-convert -r /dev/xxx

To clean up a bit of space, and make the conversion permanent, delete /ext2_saved/image on the partition.

Of course, while this is a relatively safe procedure as only 1 MB needs to be moved, and the original Ext2/3/4 FS is available as an image, it is up to you to decide whether to back up. As with any filesystem operations, there is an inherent risk of data loss.

Your data stays in place, as well as your Ext4 metadata. However, the first 1 MB is moved, and a series of BTRFS metadata is created within Ext4 free space.

Partial ref: https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Conversion_from_Ext3


I suppose you've got a headset with a single jack that has 4 pins for both input and output (like smartphone headsets).

You need to use a splitter that splits the headset's cable into two jacks which you can plug appropriately into the computer.

I hope I get your question correctly.


As others have noted, you probably do not need it. However, comodo, kaspersky and few others offer real-time antivirus protection


Warnings during pip installs because of a package called "-etuptools"

It looks like numpy has already installed successfully. have you tried accessing it with something like:
python3
>>> import numpy
>>> a=numpy.zeros(10,numpy.uint8,"C")
>>> a
array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], dtype=uint8)
>>>


how to compile a C code to call an octave function and make the GUI using GTK+2

Have you tried adding the necessary gtk+ header search path(s) on the mkoctfile command line?

OPTIONS
       mkoctfile accepts the following options:

       -IDIR   Add include directory DIR to compile commands.

You should be able to use the pkg-config utility to include all the header directories automatically e.g.

mkoctfile `pkg-config --cflags-only-I gtk+-2.0` --mex addition_GUI.c

Alternatively, you could run

pkg-config --cflags-only-I gtk+-2.0

on the command line and manually copy the include paths that it outputs to your mkoctfile command. You will need both the pkg-config package and the development files and headers for gtk+-2.0 i.e. the libgtk2.0-dev package installed on your system.

In order to create a runable mex executable you will probably need to add the corresponding libraries using the mkoctfile -L option - or by adding --libs to the pkg-config command i.e.

mkoctfile `pkg-config --cflags-only-I --libs gtk+-2.0` --mex addition_GUI.c

or (to add libraries manually)

pkg-config --libs gtk+-2.0


Links from apps always open a file:// URL

I found this bug report which described the same problem.
One of the first few suggestions was to check System Settings → Applications → Web Browser and change the setting from in an application based on the contents of the URL to explicitly choose a web browser.
I'm using Firefox Developer Edition which I've installed manually because they don't have a Debian package for it. My web browser was set to with the following command and I had selected the menu entry (.desktop file) I created for the browser.
I changed the setting to "in an application based on the contents of the URL" (basically, the opposite of the recommendation in the bug report) and the problem went away. I think this only worked because I've already set Ff Dev Edition as my default browser with update-alternatives and in a few configuration files I don't remember off the top of my head.
This fixed the problem, but there are still some unanswered questions:

Why would it download a web page before opening it, regardless of the setting?
How do I add a manually installed browser to the drop-down under the in the following application option?


Ubuntu 17.04 + Netgear WNA 1100 (Atheros AR9271) - Wifi Networks Visible but not connecting

I have found the answer to this.

sudo vi /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

add

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

end of the file and save it.
restart service networking and NetworkManager

worked on live-usb
worked on installed


How to allow the shutdown of computer using web server?

You can give www-data permission to execute the shutdown command. Try this:
As root, use the command 'visudo' to edit your /etc/sudoers file. The last lines should look like this:

# Cmnd alias specification
# User privilege specification
root    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
# Members of the admin group may gain root privileges
%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL

So, in the end of the file, insert:

www-data ALL = NOPASSWD: /sbin/shutdown

Then exit the editor and save it (CTRL+x).
The user www-data should be able to call shutdown now, without sudo password.


How to customise both choices and description of a debconf question?

Just add actual newlines to your variable, like this:

extended="One
Two
Three
Four"

This took some experimentation on my part.  The Debian debconf-devel manual says

  Notice that: - Like in a debian package description, a dot on its own line sets off a new paragraph. - Most text is word-wrapped, but doubly-indented text is left alone, so you can use it for lists of items, like this list.

Which is apparently not true for substitution.  For example, if you put a space-dot in the template directly it will print a blank line, but put the same in a subst key and it prints the dot. (－‸ლ)


It is not advised to do this as many things can go wrong, as fossfredom said it's much better installing broadcom via offline method.

Although if you really need there are two ways, the reliable one, although it spends more time, and the fast one, although not the most reliable:

Use a Virtual Machine

Reliable method

Install Ubuntu on a Virtual Machine, if don't know how to do it, see This Guide.

Then just create your .deb, if don't know how to do it, see This Guide.

Use PyPackager

Fast method

Download PyPackager and then create the .deb file using it, if in doubt see This Page.

See that if you are not familiar to creating .deb files it will be very complicated, difficult and frustrating accomplishing what you want to.

If you don't feel very confident about creating .deb files you shouldn't opt for the Fast method.

In addition I guess that if you try to install your drivers in a LiveUSB (it can´t be a CD/DVD, and the LiveUSB needs to be created with some space to store changes made) and then install Ubuntu through the LiveUSB you will have your drivers installed easily, but it´s just a shot, not sure if it would work.


How to access gnome-power-manager in Lubuntu?

gnome-power-manager was a daemon and an executable on gdm. The gnome-power-manager binary is gone and the functionality was moved into gnome-settings-daemon.

Edit since I found a source here.


"hack" is a game from "bsdgames" package.

  Hack is a 1982 roguelike video game that introduced shops as gameplay elements and expanded available monsters, items, and spells. It later became the basis for NetHack.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hack_(Unix_video_game)


How to create user account via a bash script?

Generate the password with perl perl -e 'print crypt("passwd", "passwd");'.

Then just use a bash script to call useradd via ssh on each server (assuming you already setup ssh keys for password-less login, otherwise this will get old, fast)

pass=$(perl -e 'print crypt("passwd", "passwd");')
for srv in $(cat server.list); do
   ssh $srv useradd -m -p "$pass" username
done

and check the manpage for the useradd command .


Flash does not work with the latest updates

There are some problems with the new version, the 11.2 one. What I did was this (in a terminal):

Downloaded: wget http://archive.canonical.com/pool/partner/a/adobe-flashplugin/adobe-flashplugin_10.2.159.1-0natty1_i386.deb
Installed it with `sudo dpkg -i adobe-flashplugin_10.2.159.1-0natty1_i386.deb'
And opened sudo synaptic to force the version.

This will do the trick. OR

Download http://archive.canonical.com/pool/partner/a/adobe-flashplugin/adobe-flashplugin_10.2.159.1.orig.tar.gz
Copy the libflashplayer.so to /usr/lib/flashplugin-installer/


How to disable auto mount on ubuntu live disk?

You could disconnect the drive, then boot.

Hopefully your BIOS supports hot plugging - most BIOSes do.


ownership permission is automatically changing to root for /var/www/

Just use the same chown command.

 sudo chown -R [your_username]:[your_usrename] /var/www/


'sudo dpkg --configure -a' giving error message

I think you need remove all the unconfigured packages using the following commands, but be careful not to remove the current kernel version you are using. You can find that out with the uname -r command.

 sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-3.16.0-52-generic
 sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-generic-lts-utopic
 sudo dpkg --purge linux-generic-lts-utopic
 sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-3.13.0-66-generic
 sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-3.16.0-031600-generic
 sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-extra-3.16.0-52-generic
 sudo dpkg --purge linux-signed-image-3.13.0-66-generic
 sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-generic
 sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-extra-3.13.0-66-generic
 sudo dpkg --purge linux-generic
 sudo dpkg --purge linux-signed-image-generic
 sudo dpkg --purge linux-signed-generic

and then to fix package dependencies,

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f install

After it you can get back to what you were doing, and the sudo dpkg --configure -a command should not give you any errors.


Multiseat -Display numbers from the xservers are vary after each start

I face the same issue there is no config option to fix that for lightdm. The problem is that lightdm passes a display number based on the order of seats returned by logind.

For gdm it looks like you could.

So you could either write a script that filters or modifues specific display arguments and use that as your command or if you just want to know the lightdm display of a specific seat you still can use something like this.

loginctl show-seat seatX -p ActiveSession
#extract the value and then
loginctl show-session value -p Display


Try this:

find /path/to/directory -type f -name "*.encrypted" -exec truncate -s +264 {} +

find will search in the /path/to/directory and all of its subdirectories for files with .encrypted extension and then run your desired truncate command over all of those found files.

If you want to search for the files in entire disk:

sudo find / -type f -name "*.encrypted" -exec truncate -s +264 {} +

If you are not sure about the names, don't run this one rather you should explicitly mention the directories (and its subdirectories) to search for, for example the following will find and execute the command over the only the files found in /home/user and /tmp directories (and their subdirectories):

find /home/user/ /tmp/ -type f -name "*.encrypted" -exec truncate -s +264 {} +

Note that you need to use sudo to search in the directories where you don't have required permission.


What is process "/usr/bin/X :0 -auth /var/run/lightdm/root/:0 -nolisten tcp vt7 -novtswitch -background none"?

This is the system graphics server and should not be killed. It converts the layout of desktop applications into low-level drawing operations on your graphics card, and routes keyboard and mouse input to the correct application that should receive them.

The reference to LightDM is that this is the first client it starts (the Ubuntu login screen); the reference to tcp is because X is designed to be network-transparent - it can work quite happily with input devices, applications and display devices all running on different computers. (I think that in Ubuntu it is configured not to accept network connections, only those coming through SSH, but may be wrong).

Check the statistics you are using are for X itself rather than X and children, since the children include all applications you run in a graphical environment. Excess resource usage by X itself is usually down to misbehaving desktop applications, but this can be very hard to debug.


Ubuntu 20.04 can't access my dlink sharecenter

Try this:
showmount -e 192.168.1.10 (ip address D-Link ShareCenter)
Export list for IP's allowed:
/mnt/HD/HD_b2 192.168.1.5
/mnt/HD/HD_a2 192.168.1.5
and for mounting via nfs:
sudo mount -t nfs 192.168.1.10:/mnt/HD/HD_a2  /HD1
(/HD1 should exist)


Xubuntu 12.4 upgraded fine but there are everywhere pale grey windows/menus with white fonts!

Looks like a lot of people (myself included) are having this issue.  It seems to be an issue with a couple of the appearance themes.  I found that by switching to Albatross to graybird, the problem went away.  Looks like it may be an issue with the Albatross (and few other) theme.

Here is the bug report:

Theme Bug Report


Ubuntu keyboard layout inside VM is always opposite of my Windows Client

I am not sure I could understand your question, but I use this:

dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration


As you are using systemctl status tvheadend, I guess you should also use systemd's systemctl instead of upstart's service command to start this service:

#!/bin/bash
sleep 20 && systemctl start tvheadend;


Installation problem with Ubuntu 12.04.4

Try installing Ubuntu 12.04.4 32bit. Less problems when performing a wubi installation especially after you boot into Ubuntu and need to install certain packages that may or may not work in Ubuntu 64bit.

Also, do not allocate more than 30GB space for your Ubuntu virtual disk because as I understand 30GB is the maximum size allowed for a wubi installation.


Does stopping X server in Ubuntu 16.04 KDE have any negative effect while logged in?

I think it is OK to stop the X server.

An alternative, that will use less resources is to install a minimal system from the Ubuntu mini.iso or the Ubuntu server iso file, and after logging into the minimal installed system with only a text screen add a light-weight window manager (for example Fluxbox) and the few necessary GUI tools.

Then you can start the GUI with startx (it will not start automatically so that you must exit it every time).

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get install fluxbox xinit xterm openssh-server

sudo apt-get install your-particular-gui-tools

You can start the window manager with the following command

startx

and manage it via right-clicking to get menus (where you can also exit from the window manager and return to the text screen).

If you use

ssh -X user@network-address

you can use several (but not all) graphical applications remotely via ssh.


Ubuntu 12.04 - how can i have eth0 and wlan0 both active where eth0 is primary and wlan0 is just for internet browse

It sounds like your eth0 interface is routed to your local network, while your wlan0 interface is routed to the outside world.  Consider establishing routes for your two interfaces as shown at this answer.

For more information about routes, visit this page at The Linux Documentation Project.


X-randr only controls the X-Server, i.e. your graphical desktop. That's why xrandr cannot open the display on tty1 .. there is none.

Not using the proprietary drivers is generally a good thing (imho.) Have you tried rebooting with the projector attached? Do you see the Part of the Bootloader, kernel output whatever. You will probably have an image up to some certain point. Or maybe this does the trick entirely.

Post your results. ;-)


Does your BIOS/UEFI setup have a setting for "legacy USB support" or "USB keyboard support"?  If so, enabling this might allow your keyboard to work during boot.

These USB support options allow USB based keyboards to function as if they are traditional DIN or PS/2 keyboards like in the days before USB.  This will only affect the time up until your operating system loads its own keyboard drivers, so it can allow USB keyboards to work during boot even for boot loaders without USB support.

I'm not sure if Grub should support USB keyboards without the legacy option.  But in this case it's worth a try.


Trouble with freshly installed TeXstudio on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

The problem has been solved by purging and reinstalling texlive
as follows.

sudo apt-get purge texlive* tex-common*
sudo apt-get install texlive-full

Thank you for your forum, I learned a lot !


I suggest you download this package:

http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/4.3.16/virtualbox-4.3_4.3.16-95972~Debian~wheezy_i386.deb

Then install, if not installed gdebi:

Open a terminal

run it:

sudo su
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get install gdebi

Then your file manager locate the downloaded file

And by right-clicking on it, choose to install with gdebi.

Note: connected to the Internet, gdebi solves all units, if available.


Error installing DroidCam in Ubuntu 20.04

This did it for me:
sudo apt-get install linux-generic
sudo apt-get install v4l2loopback-dkms
sudo modprobe v4l2loopback

Got the solution from here modprobe v4l2loopback fails on Ubuntu
During the install of v4l2loopback-dkms I had to do the 'Enroll MOK' process (it guided me automatically).
After this I uninstalled and reinstalled Droidcam and the webcam was registered with no error


Flash player sometimes works, but sometimes doesn't

What you need to make flash-player work in Ubuntu 12.04 is not present in the official repositories. You need first to open Synaptic Package manager, go to Synaptic - Settings - Repositories - Other Software, and once you're there you should check 'Canonical Partners' entry and 'Independent' entry. There is no need to also check the Source Code packages for the same sources.

Close Software Sources window, and reload Synaptic repositories with the Reload button. Next look for and install adobe-flashplugin and adobe-flash-properties-gtk. Or you can close Synaptic and run this code in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install adobe-flashplugin adobe-flash-properties-gtk

Remove first the other flash player related packages like flashplugin-installer or similar.

If you don't really want to use flash-player you can use Mozilla Firefox which has 2 nice addons to play video without flash. One is 'VideoWithoutFLash' addon, and the other one is 'Open With' addon. You need to configure these addons after restarting Firefox otherwise they won't work as expected. 'Open With' addon, for instance, has a list of default applications which it uses when streaming video is to be played. I for one use VLC, and you can add VLC player or other player (mplayer2, xine) in the list, delete all other entries, and this way you'll be able to watch videos with vlc as an embedded player.


Getting .deb package dependencies for an offline Ubuntu computer through Windows

You can generate a file with script of download with synaptic,
select your packages and click on "File -> Generate Package Download Script", see more in ubuntu/PackageDownloadScript
,generate a file like :

#!/bin/sh
wget -c http://ftp.usf.edu/pub/ubuntu/pool/universe/i/ibm-3270/3270-common_3.3.10ga4-2build2_amd64.deb

remove #!/bin/sh and wget -c for get only urls, and with a new file you can download in any operating system, in windows 7 you can use wget for windows


How can I change virtualbox "vm.vbox" file path to new one

Easy!

To fix:

Open the regular virtual box gui. In the main window, right click on the machine that has been moved. It should have the word "Inacessible" (damn arrogant spell checkers, anyway) by it. Then click "remove" in the menu. Then left click the "remove" button in the pop up window to confirm it.

Now, using a graphical file browser, navigate to the new location of the machine. Right click on the something.vbox file and, in the context menu, click on "Open with virtualbox" or something like that. The exact entry wording may vary a bit depending on the exact version you have.

That's it. You're done.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

To change the default path for VMs, also easy:

In the VB gui you can also change the default path for new machines if you want to. In the upper left, click "File" to get a menu. Click "preferences" in the menu. You'll get a pop up box where you can set whatever default path you want.


How can I recursively change the permissions of specific files into a list of directories?

Try find(1).

find _dir_ -name '*.fastq' -exec chmod a-wx {} \;

This will process all files in dir and its subdirectories where names end in .fastq.  It will do a chmod on those files to remove write and execute permissions for all users, groups and others.

Hope this helps.


Unable to write anything into NTFS drives

It seems you have mounted the partition read-only. Please unmount it and mount it read-write (should be possible with the ntfs-3g driver, that you have installed).

Unmount

sudo umount /dev/sda3 /dev/sda4

Create mountpoints (only once)

sudo mkdir -p /mnt/sda3
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/sda4

Mount the partitions

sudo mount -o rw,users,umask=022 /dev/sda3 /mnt/sda3
sudo mount -o rw,users,umask=022 /dev/sda4 /mnt/sda4

Now you should have read and write access. Change directory to /mnt/sda3 and /mnt/sda4 and try to write something to the partition(s).
See also this link,

askubuntu.com/questions/886701/how-do-i-get-permission-to-edit-in-my-usb/886735#886735


How to use domain name to connect via ssh into your linux server

Is this issue related to that both machines have the same public ip?

No, this is because your public IP points to your Fritzbox and not the machines. So you need to tell the Fritzbox what to do with requests. That is why you use "Port Forwarding". Then, the Fritzbox forwards the traffic from that port to the local machine. You can also tell the Fritzbox to forward all traffic to one machine, but don't do this if you're not 100% sure what you're doing.

I still can access using
 ssh username@domainname.de

Do I need ddclient at all?

It works because your IP did not change yet. Once it changes, domainname.de will still point to the old IP address which then won't work. You need to tell the service provider your new IP address, and that is what ddclient is doing automatically for you.

Off-question notes:
Be aware that forwarding ports in your router comes with great risks. Your machine will get attacked (that is normal) and you should know how to deal with it:

keep software up to date (always!) and track relevant security bulletins
strong passwords or better: allow only key-based authentication
deny root login
use a port other than the standard port
use fail2ban
use a software firewall on the machine
use port-knocking

You don't necessarily need all of this at once ...


Does ubuntu treat downloaded files specially?

Essentially, yes.  When you download a file from the Internet, you're grabbing the data which is inside the file.

What you're not getting is the permissions which are applied to the file.  That's done on your local filesystem.

To make a file executable on your local system, drop into a terminal and run

chmod +x filename.sh

That tells your filesystem to treat that particular file as executable.

There's a good reason for this.  Suppose that you were to download a file which had permissions allowing anyone on your computer to run it.  That's a clear security risk.


Remote login with graphical display manager (GDM, LightDM)

Install x11vnc on the remote
We assume a working ssh setup has already been done.
user@remote: sudo apt-get install x11vnc

Remote login with GDM
We assume that a successful vnc setup has already been done.
user@remote:~$ sudo x11vnc <options>

x11vnc will use our predefinded VNC settings and passwords. For further options see the manpage and this nice and elaborate tutorial.
Remote login with Light DM
To access the Light DM login screen we need to submit the Xauhority file for Light DM
ssh user@remote
user@remote: sudo su
root@remote: x11vnc -auth /var/lib/lightdm/.Xauthority -display :0

View the remote screen
On the client side launch the vncviewer (e.g. from xtightvncviewer as follows:
vncviewer -via user@remote localhost:0

By localhost:0 we display screen 0 on the localhost. The option -via is for using ssh.
After typing in the password for the remote login we can proceed with the graphical login.


How to Install English Version of Texmaker/Texstudio?

In general, if a program has a correct internationalization, you should be able to run whichever language version setting the LANGUAGE environment variable.

For example, my system default to English (US), but I have installed language support (1) for Italian and Spanish.

So I can for example do (in a terminal)

LANGUAGE=it_IT gedit

and I have gedit in Italian.  So in principle

LANGUAGE=en_US texmaker

(if you have support for US English Installed) should start the texmaker interface in English... but it does not work.

In texmaker there is a menu option for choosing the interface language:

To see the list of installed languages ("locales") you can use

locale -a

Footnotes:

(1) Control Center -> Language support (at least in gnome).


Ubuntu 20.04 LTS : Whatever I am installing using pip3, it is giving a warning saying, add /home/username/.local/bin to path

I am asking this question because I was facing the same issue and could not find a complete solution so here it is.
Steps to follow :
1. Open Files app, go to home.
2. Open .bashrc file using text editor (hit ctrl+H if .bashrc file is not seen)
3. Scroll all the way to the end and type this -

export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"

And save the file.
4. Now open the terminal and type -

source ~/.bashrc

5. You can either use option 4 or just restart your computer.


Apparently, wine prefixes have only assigned space available instead of using all space of hard drive

This is not correct. A wineprefix is just a folder that Wine uses to store files in, it doesn't have a specific amount of allocated space. (It looks like PlayOnLinux stores its wineprefixes in ~/.PlayOnLinux/wineprefix/; if you look in one of the folders there for a folder called drive_c, you'll see something that looks a lot like an ordinary Windows installation.)

It's possible that your application is reporting the wrong amount of free disk space because it uses a Windows API that Wine hasn't implemented properly yet, or because the API is buggy – the only thing I can suggest is to change the version of Windows that Wine tries to emulate, which has solved similar problems in the past for me. You can do that by pressing "Configure Wine" in the Wine tab of PlayOnLinux.

If that doesn't work, there's a similar question here – maybe the answer there would help in your situation.


Scanner not working for Cannon Image Class MF4412

Finally got my scanner to work .
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?goto=newpost&t=1427330
Although the model mentioned in this post was different from mine.still the scanner worked!! :)


Using "MTNL 3G Jadoo" data card on Ubuntu

Here's how i got it working on 12.04:

I checked for any missing dependencies with ldd /opt/MTNL-3GModem/ModemClient and found libudev0:i386 to be missing. So the application is 32-bit and i have 64-bit Ubuntu. I also found that libudev0:i386 is no longer included with Ubuntu 13.04. I tried installing it with apt-get but got some errors. I finally downloaded it from here and installed it with Ubuntu Software Center. Then i started the MTNL application with sudo /opt/MTNL-3GModem/ModemClient and... success! Note that the application needs to be run with sudo.

UPDATE for 14.04:
On upgrading to 14.04, the MTNL application failed to connect (on clicking the 'Connect' button). I found that it was using the gksudo command in its shell scripts, which is not available since 13.04. So I replaced gksudo with sudo in two files in /opt/MTNL-3GModem: connectnet.sh and deconnectnet.sh. And that fixed the issue.


How to reboot Ubuntu Server by command? Error 'Failed to reboot: Invalid argument. System has not been booted with systemd as init system (PID 1)'

I think you have already logged in as super user and you don't need sudo before your command. Anyway, please try this command and see if it works:

#/sbin/reboot

Or

#/sbin/shutdown -r now


How to change the system font inter-letter spacing?

Unfortunately, this may just be a feature of the font itself in your gnome environment. I believe it is possible (at least on certain Mac environments) to increase letter/font spacing by editing your gnome.css (or, maybe gtk.css) stylesheet but I am not clear on how this method works or if it is still possible in the latest release of gnome/gtk. Try resizing the terminal or adjusting your desktop resolution to see if the problem persists.


Set manual IPv4 on 18.04-2 server install

Yep, seems to be an issue with that live version of the server iso.

Try http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/18.04.2/release/ - using the standard text installer worked for me.


Netconsole error, eth0 doesn't support polling

Either the network device, or the driver that manages it, is not capable of providing polling support. Make sure your kernel is configured with CONFIG_NET_POLL_CONTROLLER enabled. If this is the case, then likely you'll need to use a different network device.


The English version of the LyZ page has some instructions for this, which I assume are the requirements.   Here's how to set the path you need :
Go to Tools > Preferences > Paths
In the LyXServer pipe field, enter ~/.lyx/lyxpipe and save.
Here's the preferences screen.   You'll want to edit the field highlighted in orange.

After this, restart LyX.
EDIT: Just to state what may not be the obvious - make sure that this path is the same as in the Zotero pane, Lyx dropbown box > Settings... > Lyx Server.


Ubuntu 13.10 & HP ENVY m6-1310sa, bad wifi connection

My solution, and it may not be the best one, was to downgrade the kernel to 3.6.11-030611-generic, in the usual manner. i.e. wget the debian packages for v3.6.11-raring, install the kernel

  dpkg -i linux-*
  kate /etc/default/grub

Change the default kernel, by replacing

   GRUB_DEFAULT=0

with

   GRUB_DEFAULT=0"gnulinux-advanced-604e2e7d-b9e2-4497-bd8b-eb7e9121095e>gnulinux-3.6.11-030611-generic-advanced-604e2e7d-b9e2-4497-bd8b-eb7e9121095e"

Updating grub,

 update-grub

and finally rebooting.


Partially hidden workspace indicator in Ubuntu 17.10

I had the same complain, thankfully there is an easy fix to this problem, just install this gnome extension
Always Zoom Workspaces


Run 12.10 and 12.04 off same home partition

I have tried the same before with Ubuntu and Kubuntu. Trust me, this is not a good idea. Especially if you have the same applications installed in both versions. Also, it leads to a lot of permission issues. Better to have different /home partitions. You can of course share the same swap and data drives, not home. I personally wouldn't recommend that. Too many hassles...


Ubuntu kernels are signed and you can install Ubuntu with Secure Boot enabled.

But you can't install 3rd party drivers with SB on.


My PPK was in putty PPK format I had to convert into OpenSSH format.
I converted .ppk to OpenSSH using this answer, now I'm able to connect.

puttygen id_dsa.ppk -O public-openssh -o id_dsa.pub


Ubuntu 12.10 issue: only wallpaper and curser appear, no menu or icons etc

If you have a stock n800v your hardware may be too far under the minimum requirement for Unity:

From : https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DesktopExperienceTeam/UnityHardwareRequirements

Minimum
1.66 GHz               CPU*
32 bits                ARCH
1GB                    RAM
4 GB                   HD
intel GMA 950          GPU**
1.4                    OpenGL
1.4                    GLX
1024x600               Display
Dell Mini 9            Reference

Considering this, in your position, I would simply use a lighter interface for Ubuntu like LXDE. You can either clean install it from http://lubuntu.net/ or download the "lubuntu" packages from synaptic or apt-get.


Upgraded from 12.04 to 13.04: not sure how to locate my past Desktop's folders

Use the command  ls -lah /home/ to take a look at your home-folders to find yours.


How can I prevent xorg.conf from being overwritten

I'm seeing the same behavior on 4 of my desktop machines. It appears to be related to this Bug report, https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubuntu-drivers-common/+bug/1310489. IMHO many machines are probably suffering this Bug, All of mine are. I suggest signing on to the Bug report.


How to fix gksu / kdesudo? kdesudo(2831) KDESu::KDESuPrivate::KCookie::getXCookie: No X authentication info set for display ":0"

Run this command in the Konsole/Terminal:

sudo rm ~/.Xauthority /root/.Xauthority

That should fix the problem, as new .Xauthority files will be created as needed.

In the future, when running graphical apps as root, you can avoid creating this and other problems by using a graphical frontend like kdesudo (or gksu/gksudo) rather than invoking sudo directly.


The program '******' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: sudo apt install '******', Though it's already installed?

Try sudo apt install --reinstall omniidl
The inital error usually means a missing binary or link. Reinstalling the package will fix most common problems.


NetworkManager refuses to manage my WLAN interface

I ended up fixing this myself, see the exact steps below.

Note that there may be an easier solution but these steps definitely worked.

Make sure network-manager is the latest version (I have 0.9.6.0-0ubuntu7 ).
You can check this with: sudo dpkg -l | grep network-manager
Right-click on Network Manager tray icon -> Edit Connections -> Wireless -> Add
Manually add the parameters for connecting to your WLAN.
Edit /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf to set...
[ifupdown]
managed=true

DO NOT restart network-manager service.
Edit /etc/network/interfaces to deactivate the auto-start of your Wireless interface (probably called wlan0).
For example:

From this: auto wlan0
.... to this: #auto wlan0
Run /etc/init.d/network-manager force-reload


ubuntu 12.10 running very slow on dell xps m1530

I'm running 12.04 LTS without any problems on my m1530 with lesser specs (intel T8100). Do you use de propierty nvdia driver? If that doesn't help try out 12.04 LTS or go for 13.04. These are more stable releases than 12.10.

BTW try the 64bit version, than you profit from the full 4gb of ram


Run the following commands:

 sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 8082 -j ACCEPT
 sudo ufw allow 8082


I cannot find out, where it is set, i is not in /etc/skel, too, nowhere in /etc and nowhere in /home/. But I found out, why it is set. I also started bash with -x to see, what happens, but the only thing I can see there is

complete -F _service /etc/init.d/lightdm

and I cannot find references to PATH or set there (No wonder, the initscript has been converted to an upstart job). But, to calm you, this is default behaviour in Ubuntu.


How do I get date and time stored in a bash variable to update when echoing it?

Your code stores the result of the command in the variable, so it never changes. In order to store the command itself in the variable, you need some subtle changes to the quotation marks used, like this:

date_time="date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S"
script_name=`basename "$0"`

echo `$date_time`, $script_name
sleep 2
echo `$date_time`, $script_name
exit 1


Ubuntu 20.04 desktop - create new document

Looks like the desktop is now handled not by Nautilus, but by DesktopIcons Gnome shell extension.
And it just does not have a such simple feature, that's a pity. It is already implemented, but not released yet, see here.


Will Ubuntu 18 run on older hardware? — 2.8GHz i5

I'm getting acceptable perfomance with this very old 32-bit HP laptop. I don't do much with it, but it runs as well as it ever did with its original Windows.

I don't remember exactly when I bought it but here's some bits from the hardinfo report. The SSD was a huge improvement.

The desktop is MATE.

Computer
Processor       Genuine Intel(R) CPU T2400 @ 1.83GHz
Memory  2050MB (433MB used)
Machine Type    Notebook
Operating System        Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS
SCSI Disks
   HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-4084N
   ATA KINGSTON SA400S3

18.04 32-bit is the last 32-bit Ubuntu but it has, I believe, 10-year support to keep these old hangers-on hanging on. So will be getting at least security updates until 2028. That's pretty darn good and way more than I ever expected to get out of this old laptop.


Changing in pavucontrols tab "Recording" via command line

The command to change the default input source of pulseaudio is pacmd set-default-source. By this we can also define a monitor of an output sink as a source by adding .monitor at the end of the sink name.

This will then give us the following command:

pacmd set-default-source <name_of_sink>.monitor

We may also have to move an active stream to the new source using move-sink-input.


You can install the latest drivers for your system by downloading it from nvidia.com and installing it using the posted procedure here and see if that helps.


Drivers for Lenovo Thinkpad S540 Touchpad (erratic mouse cursor)

This seemed to help, at least somewhat:

Create the following config file in /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-thinkpad-touchpad.conf (create xorg.conf.d directory if it doesn't exist):

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "touchpad"
        MatchProduct "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad"
        Driver "synaptics"
        # fix touchpad resolution
        Option "VertResolution" "100"
        Option "HorizResolution" "65"
        # increment noise cancellation factor
        Option "HorizHysteresis" "50"
        Option "VertHysteresis" "50"
EndSection

Not sure if there are a better set of tweaks out there...

See also:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xserver-xorg-input-synaptics/+bug/1042069
http://fully-faltoo.com/2013/07/20/lenovo-touchpad/
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.phpTouchpad_Synaptics#Buttonless_TouchPads_.28aka_ClickPads.29
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SynapticsTouchpad


According to the official Ubuntu supported architectures page, the MIPS architecture is not supported by Canonical, so you cannot install Ubuntu on the Sun Ray 2 clients.
Sorry to be the harbinger of bad news :\


Is it possible to use mint4win and wubi at the same time?

If mint4win uses wubildr.mbr and wubildr to boot (which I believe it does), then it's not possible to install and use both (without some manual linking i.e. through a custom grub entry). The wubildr file is hardcoded to look for \ubuntu\disks\root.disk with Wubi, and for mint4win I assume it's \linuxmint\disks\root.disk. So you'd have to switch wubildr to boot different versions (even if you had two entries in the windows boot manager it would always boot one of either Mint or Ubuntu - the one you installed last).

There may also be conflicts in the registry entries (but this seems more likely to be separate due to the different installer name, so not a problem).

So to explain how Wubi/Mint4win boots:

Windows boot manager calls wubildr.mbr. This can be within \linuxmint\winboot or \ubuntu\winboot for Win7/Vista (or in C:\ for XP).
wubildr.mbr searches all partitions for the first wubildr it finds. This is always in the root of the partition (so can be only one).
wubildr is hardcoded to look for either \ubuntu\disks\root.disk (for Ubuntu) or \linuxmint\disks\root.disk (for Mint).

In theory, assuming there are no other conflicts, you could install both Wubi and Mint4Win, but it will always boot the most recently installed. You could then add a custom grub boot entry to boot the other install. But this sort of thing isn't usual for the typical Wubi/Mint4Win user.


Why my computer hang due to full consumption of ram memory?

The problem when all 3GB of RAM gets used is that the kernel tries to free up RAM by putting certain pages in swap. If you have a hard drive, it means that instead of reading and writing to RAM, some programs require the kernel to pull things out of swap, which is slow, especially with a hard drive. If your swap partition is too small, the kernel may even begin to kill process as a last attempt to keep the system stable. I recommend you do the following:

Create a bigger swap file/partitions, which you can do with:

sudo fallocate -l 4G /swapfile; sudo mkswap /swapfile; sudo swapon /swapfile

Decrease your swappiness, which you can do with

sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10; sudo swapoff -a; sudo swapon -a

and to make it permanent, edit /etc/sysctl.conf:

sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf

and add

vm.swappiness=10

to the bottom.

The lower swappiness setting will tell the kernel to swap less, which may improve your performance a bit. The added swap will make your system a bit slower,rather than a complete crash, should you use a ton of RAM. You could also change your OS to something like Lubuntu, which is designed to work on lower-end computers. Or, you could just add more RAM :)

Note: As mentioned in the comment, the proper command to create a swap file is something like:

dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1048576 count=4096

as mkswap doesn't like fallocate


How do I change a stubborn start-here icon?

Run gtk-update-icon-cache in the run dialogue or a terminal.

If that doesn't fix it, try changing the "distributor-logo" icon.


Problems with login in Ubuntu 18.04 - Failed to start Load Kernel Modules

First thing you need to do in recovery mode is remount the main drive read/write:

sudo mount -o remount,rw /

Then you can try to reconfigure your packages:

sudo dpkg --configure -a

You might need to add a DNS server to connect to the internet:

sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf

and add the following to the end:

nameserver 8.8.8.8

Save and close.

NOTE - Op had issues writing directly to /etc/resolv.conf:

  The only difficulty I encountered was to save the resolv.conf file in
  /root directory first and then move it manually to /etc/resolv.conf
  manually using

sudo nano resolv.conf
sudo mv resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf

Then restart networking:

sudo service networking restart
sudo ifconfig enp2s0f0 up
sudo dhclient enp2s0f0

Then try to run your updates:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade && sudo apt dist-upgrade
sudo apt -f install

If all goes well reboot.


Moved Ubuntu16.04 to T450s, WiFi stopped working, but

After moving the SSD back to the T430, the Wifi stopped working there too at first, but after a reboot, it worked fine.

Inspired at the experience, I moved the SSD back to T450s and reboot it, wifi suddenly is working.

So it seems the system figured out it wasn't working and installed the right driver automatically.


I read that in normal mx4 (not pro) you can boot ubuntu, but will I be able to boot it on mx4 pro?

No. All supported devices are listed here

  does anyone know the source where can i buy this one?

The MX4 Ubuntu edition seems to be sold out at the moment (January 2016).

Meizu has the same hardware in both versions of MX4 (Android and Ubuntu touch), so in theory you could flash Ubuntu touch on an Android version.
There are some instructions on how to do this on the net e.g. here. However, since this will void your warranty and is not guaranteed to work, it is something you might not want to try on a new phone.


To help you (and perhaps others) avoid the problem in the future, you should first understand what happened. With that information in hand, you can recover your system and remove Ubuntu properly in the future (should the need arise again)....

What Happened?

Most Ubuntu installations, on both BIOS-based and EFI-based systems, split GRUB across two or more locations:

The main GRUB binary -- This code is run by the firmware. Importantly, it does not reside in the Ubuntu root (/) or /boot partition. On BIOS-based computers, it resides in the first few sectors of the hard disk (or if the disk uses GPT, in the first sector of the disk and in the BIOS Boot Partition). On EFI-based computers, it resides in the EFI System Partition (ESP). This means that the main GRUB binary will not be erased when you delete an Ubuntu partition, and the firmware will continue to boot it; however....
GRUB support files -- In most cases, GRUB loads its configuration file and other support files from the Ubuntu /boot/grub directory. This directory is deleted when you delete an Ubuntu installation.

The result is that when you delete an Ubuntu partition, GRUB can launch, but it can't do anything, because it's been figuratively lobotomized.

That said, one thing about your story is puzzling: You say that you're no longer able to boot from a USB drive. An Ubuntu installer image is designed to be self-contained; it does not rely on the contents of your hard disk, and should not be affected by the state of GRUB (or anything else) on that disk. You must be running into some unrelated problem -- maybe some RAM has gone bad since you did your initial installation; or you're trying to boot a different version of Ubuntu that doesn't like your video card; or you prepared the USB drive incorrectly. These are just wild guesses, though; there are about a million possible reasons why a boot from a USB drive might fail. In any event, I recommend you try other Linux distributions or prepare your medium using another program to work around this problem. If necessary, post a new question with more details about that aspect of the problem if you can't get it to work.

How to Recover

Recovering your system involves installing a working boot loader on your computer. It sounds like yours is BIOS-based, so this means modifying the MBR. If you want to make your Windows bootable again, the best approach is probably to use a Windows recovery tool. There are Windows procedures for restoring an MBR, but I don't recall the details. A Google search turned up this tutorial, but there are 658,000 others in my search, so try your own search if that procedure doesn't work for you.

Another option is to re-install Ubuntu (or any other OS, really). As part of the OS installation process, a new boot loader will be installed. If you re-install Ubuntu, that boot loader will be GRUB, and the installer should detect Windows and make it an option in the GRUB menu.

One caveat is to watch your boot mode (BIOS vs. EFI); you don't want to mix them. It sounds like you've got a BIOS-mode Windows installation, so you do not want to install Ubuntu in EFI mode. If your computer is from before 2011, chances are this won't happen, since EFIs started to become common only in mid-to-late 2011. If you've got a more recent computer, though, you may need to be careful. After booting your installation medium but before installing, drop to a shell and look for a directory called /sys/firmware/efi. If it's present, you've booted in EFI mode; if it's absent, you've booted in BIOS mode. If you've booted in the wrong mode, try again, but pay attention to boot menu options. Typically, external media have two options, one with the string "UEFI" and one without it. The one with the "UEFI" identifier boots in EFI mode and the one without boots in BIOS mode.

How to Not Do This Again

If you need to remove Ubuntu again on a BIOS-based computer, it's best to restore a non-Ubuntu boot loader to the MBR before you delete the Ubuntu partition(s). You can use a Windows recovery disc to do this, or there are ways to do this from Ubuntu, as described here (among other places).

On an EFI-based computer, you can use efibootmgr to change the boot order before you delete the Ubuntu partition(s). Type sudo efibootmgr alone to see the options, then identify the Windows (or other OS's) boot entry number from the list, and use the -o option to set it first in the list, as in sudo efibootmgr -o 2,7 to boot Boot0002 first and to boot Boot0007 as a fallback. Another option is to delete the /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu directory from Ubuntu immediately before you wipe out the Ubuntu partition(s).

On either type of computer, another option is to set your boot loader up in a way that can survive the removal of Ubuntu. One way to do this is to use a separate Ubuntu /boot partition, but to not delete it along with the main Ubuntu partition. Then GRUB will continue to operate, although it will present non-functional Ubuntu options and, in the absence of a Linux installation, it will be difficult to change its boot options. There are ways to set GRUB up on a FAT partition in an OS-independent way. The GRUB4DOS boot loader can be used on a BIOS-based computer, for instance. On an EFI-based system, alternatives like gummiboot or my own rEFInd don't rely on Ubuntu partitions, and can be used instead of or in addition to GRUB.


Assigning keyboard shortcuts to multi-monitor configurations

My answer may not 100% appropriate for your case as I use ATI drivers, but I use a little script that would detect an external monitor and in that case enable it, using xrandr command line tool. Then I created a key shortcut that runs it.

If xrandr also runs on your config you could use a modified version of it. xrandr is contained in package "x11-xserver-utils", so you first may need to run "sudo apt-get install x11-xserver-utils" in console.

What you need to modify in the script:

First run "xrandr -q" in console to find out what name your main and external monitor have. Mine are "LVDS" and "DisplayPort-0".
Set EXT_DISPLAY in the script to the name of your external monitor
Set MAIN_DISPLAY in the script to the name of your main monitor
Leave EXT_POS to "right" to have the external monitor to the right of your main monitor, replace it with "left" (or actually anything else) to have it to the left

The script:

#!/bin/bash

EXT_DISPLAY="DisplayPort-0"
MAIN_DISPLAY="LVDS"
EXT_POS="right"

EXT_OUTPUT="NONE"
xrandr -q > /var/tmp/xrandr.log

STATUS_DISPLAYPORT=$(xrandr -q | sed -n "s/${EXT_DISPLAY} \([a-z]*\).*/\1/p")

if [ "$STATUS_DISPLAYPORT" = "connected" ]; then
    echo "Detected external monitor on $EXT_DISPLAY"
    EXT_OUTPUT="$EXT_DISPLAY"
fi

if [ "$EXT_OUTPUT" = "NONE" ]; then
    echo "LCD only"

else
    echo "Enabling external monitor $EXT_OUTPUT"
    if [ "$EXT_POS" = "right" ]; then
        xrandr --output $MAIN_DISPLAY --pos 0x0 --preferred --output $EXT_OUTPUT --right-of $MAIN_DISPLAY --preferred
    else
        xrandr --output $EXT_OUTPUT --pos 0x0 --preferred --output $MAIN_DISPLAY --right-of $EXT_OUTPUT --preferred
    fi
fi

Store the script in some dir, give it execution rights and define a keyboard shortcut that starts it. Works well at least here.


Install Android OS along with Ubuntu and Windows

I'm assuming you will install android into it's own partition - for example /dev/sda3 - if in doubt type sudo fdisk -l in a terminal.

When installing android and it asks you to install Grub - DON'T!

Next, boot into Ubuntu

Launch Nautilus and double click the Android device and note the name of the Android folder name

Next we need to add some custom grub entries:

menuentry "Android-x86 2.2 (MDPI)" {
set root=(hd0,4)
linux /android-2011-02-20/kernel quiet root=/dev/ram0 androidboot_hardware=generic_x86 acpi_sleep=s3_bios,s3_mode SRC=/android-2011-02-20 DATA= DPI=160
initrd /android-2011-02-20/initrd.img
}

menuentry "Android-x86 2.2 (HDPI)" {
set root=(hd0,4)
linux /android-2011-02-20/kernel quiet root=/dev/ram0 androidboot_hardware=generic_x86 acpi_sleep=s3_bios,s3_mode SRC=/android-2011-02-20 DATA= DPI=240
initrd /android-2011-02-20/initrd.img
}

menuentry "Android-x86 2.2 (VESA)" {
set root=(hd0,4)
linux /android-2011-02-20/kernel quiet root=/dev/ram0 androidboot_hardware=generic_x86 acpi_sleep=s3_bios,s3_mode SRC=/android-2011-02-20 DATA= vga=788
initrd /android-2011-02-20/initrd.img
}

menuentry "Android-x86 2.2 (Debug mode)" {
set root=(hd0,4)
linux /android-2011-02-20/kernel root=/dev/ram0 androidboot_hardware=generic_x86 acpi_sleep=s3_bios,s3_mode DEBUG=1 vga=788 SRC=/android-2011-02-20 DATA=
initrd /android-2011-02-20/initrd.img
}

In a terminal:

gksudo gedit /etc/grub.d/40_custom

Copy and paste the above custom entries into gedit.

Search and replace android-2011-02-20 with the android folder name - for example android-2012-01-29

Next you need to work out which hard-disk and partition you have install android.

I've installed Android-x86 on sda3, so I've searched and replaced (hd0,4) with (hd0,3) - hd0 means the first hard disk (sda) and 3 is the partition and comes from sda3.

Hard disk naming starts with 0 so basically, sda is hd0, sdb is hd1 and so on. Counting partitions doesn't start with 0, so if you've installed Android x86 on let's say sdb5, you'd use (hd1,5).

Save and close gedit

Finally update your grub configuration

sudo update-grub


How to create/edit/remove a group in Empathy

At first i also only found how to remove groups:
You can right click on a group, the remove option shows up.

Now to add or edit a group, you need to right click on a contact, click on Edit.
An 'Edit Contact Information' screen shows up. There you can add new groups and edit existing ones.


Unable to connect to remote server with SSH

Try adding -c aes128-ctr to the command line, and/or disabling ECDSA keys. If this helps, you may be bitten by this bug.


Why Skype and fogger are not available in 12.10 software center?

It is in the software center. Did you select any filters in the view?


Unable to open /usr/include/python2.7/pyconfig.h (Permission denied)

Permissions are ok, but I'm afraid if you need to open it as normal user you'll have to change them.
Now it has 644 (-rw-r--r--), so I'd try to set it 645 (-rw-r--r-x):

sudo chmod 645 /usr/include/python2.7/pyconfig.h


In the main Netbeans window you have to go to:

Tools -> Java Platforms

and add JDK 9.

If you used sdkman to get Java JDK then the path will be ~/.sdkman/candidates/java/9.0.1-zulu or similar (the path to Platform Folder in the screenshot below is different because I didn't use sdkman to get the JDK).

If once you have done that you see nothing in the Classes tab it probably means you are using a Netbeans version without support for Java 9. Try with a nightly build.

You can find more information regarding Netbeans Java 9 support on this page.


Opera cannot check the certificate of any pages.
Report to opera community to further help.


Ubuntu 12.04 Randomly Freezes on Ivy Bridge - Intel HD Graphics 4000

Try installing the quantal kernel on precise -- The 3.4 kernel has improved support for this hardware -- Quantal is actually shipping 3.5 which includes the support you need. You can follow how to put the new kernel on precise here. Don't worry, if it doesn't work, you always reboot into your current kernel and then uninstall.

Also, take a look at this answer which talks about the timeline for 3.5 kernel on 12.04 and the mainline ppa.


Multiple public IP's assignment on same server Ubuntu 18.04

You have to create something that is called alias interface. I'm not familiar with how to configure this on Ubuntu Server, as I used only Debian and RedHat/CentOS on servers, and Ubuntu only on desktop. However, there is some answer here that might be useful to you: How do I add an additional IP address to an interface in Ubuntu 14


Thunar File Manager left side pane (tree view) configuration

When you are on the left side pane, you may search for a folder via Ctrl+f. A small field appears and you can type a search string. Thunar dynamically selects the first entry among all items shown in the pane that starts with the string (see image). The same works on the right pane, but there you don't need to hit Ctrl+f but can type right away (unless you want to search for a file starting with a space, since that key opens the selected file).

In the left pane, you can hit → or + to unfold, and ← or - to fold. Also, if you'd like to avoid having to use the mouse, you can cycle through the left side pane, the main area, and the address bar using ⇆ or shift+⇆.


Probably the symlink /usr/bin/python3 points to python3.6, which it should not. Fix it by running these commands:

sudo rm /usr/bin/python3
sudo ln -s python3.5 /usr/bin/python3


Chrome home page is not loading properly

This might be due to an update for Chrome, but I'm not sure about the thumbnails. I would check which version of Chrome you're using and see if it's the latest version available. Look at the change logs for recent Chrome updates and see if the changes are associated with anything you're experiencing.

Chrome Releases


Why does Wired Network Settings say Link Speed 10 Mb/s

sudo lshw -C network shows us that you've only got a 10Mb link on your ethernet port. Your ethernet card can handle 1Gb, so you're really losing a lot of speed.

98% of the time this indicates a cable problem. You need to be using a cat 5E or cat 6 cable. Try replacing your cable and then recheck lshw. 1% of the time it means that the ethernet card is not auto-negotiating the link correclty. Another 1% is due to a router problem with its LAN ports.

Update #1:

Power cycling the router and the computer solved the problem.

Update #2:

There's still a partial problem. Try connecting/disconnecting the laptop DIRECTLY to the router and/or DSL/cable modem. Retest. Check the settings in the router to make sure the LAN port that your using for the laptop is set to 1G (as opposed to auto). Retest. Use ethtool to force your laptop to use 1G instead of auto-negotiate. Retest.

Update #3:

  ethtool -s devname [speed N] [duplex half|full] [port tp|aui|bnc|mii]
          [mdix auto|on|off] [autoneg on|off] [advertise N] [phyad N]
          [xcvr internal|external] [wol p|u|m|b|a|g|s|f|d...]
          [sopass xx:yy:zz:aa:bb:cc] [msglvl N | msglvl type on|off ...]

sudo ethtool -s enp0s31f6 speed 1000 duplex full autoneg off

Now shows...

sudo lshw -C network

*-network
    description: Ethernet interface
    logical name: enp0s31f6
    size: 1Gbit/s  <=== correct value
    capacity: 1Gbit/s
    width: 32 bits
    clock: 33MHz
    configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=e1000e driverversion=3.2.6-k duplex=full firmware=0.1-4 ip=192.168.0.163 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=1Gbit/s resources: irq:129 memory:f2700000-f271ffff


Ubuntu 12.04, 13.04: Cannot login to account returns to login screen

I foolishly ran a GUI graphics tool as sudo! I was using a nvidia configuration tool and should have used gksudo instead of sudo. Here is how to undo the damage

press ctrl + shift + F2 to open a terminal
enter your username, then password
cd ~ to get to the home directory
ls -l -a to see a list of all the hidden configuration files in the folder
If line containing the .Xauthority file shows 'root' in either the third or fourth column or both then continue with this guide. If not, you are having a bad problem and you  will not go to space today.

A bad line would look like this,

-rwxrwx---  1 root root       57 Jan  6 17:57 .Xauthority

This means that root not $USER owns this file, you can remedy the situation by using chown
sudo chown $USER:$USER .Xauthority This changes the owner of the .Xauthority file from root to you. If you need more clarification of what this does, use chown --help
ls -l -a and check that your username (all spelled out, not "$USER") is where 'root' used to be.
Go back to the lightdm login screen by typing ctrl + shift + F7
Try logging in, did it work?
If not go back to the previous terminal by typing ctrl + shift + F2
look at the output of ls -l -a, make sure that the first column does not look like this

     -------rwx  1 root root       57 Jan  6 17:57 .Xauthority

this means that the user and the group cannot access this file. to fix this, use the chmod command.

sudo chmod ug+rwx .Xauthority

Hope this helps. I have managed to do this on three separate occasions so I hope this saves people some grief.


What should /etc/sudoers contain normally?

Here's what I change on new installations:

$ sudo cat /etc/sudoers
#
# This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root.
#
# Please consider adding local content in /etc/sudoers.d/ instead of
# directly modifying this file.
#
# See the man page for details on how to write a sudoers file.
#
Defaults    env_reset, timestamp_timeout=120, pwfeedback
#Defaults    mail_badpass
Defaults    secure_path="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin"
Defaults:rick !secure_path

  (... SNIP rest of file unchanged ...)

I put my changes at the top of the file. They are displayed in bold above:

timeout makes sudo privalege last for 2 hours so I don't have retype password every 5 minutes or whatever the default is.
pwfeedback places a * on screen with each key press during password input.
mail_badpass stops an email being sent to my account each time I enter the sudo password incorrectly.
!secure_path is explained here: Can I make `sudo` follow my path via CLI?


/media/data is Read-only file system now, worked fine before

What finally worked for me was to boot Ubuntu from USB and do:
sudo ntfsfix /dev/nvme0n1p6


Ubuntu 16.04 32 bit WiFi connected, but no internet access

I do not known what was exactly wrong, but when I clone MAC address, it start working. I suppose that in this WiFi network was/is something wrong with ARP tables.


This can be achieved using the /etc/adduser.conf file in the following way. Edit the file:

sudo nano /etc/adduser.conf

In change these lines:

# Set this if you want the --add_extra_groups option to adduser to add
# new users to other groups.
# This is the list of groups that new non-system users will be added to
# Default:
#EXTRA_GROUPS="dialout cdrom floppy audio video plugdev users"

# If ADD_EXTRA_GROUPS is set to something non-zero, the EXTRA_GROUPS
# option above will be default behavior for adding new, non-system users
#ADD_EXTRA_GROUPS=1

To:

# Set this if you want the --add_extra_groups option to adduser to add
# new users to other groups.
# This is the list of groups that new non-system users will be added to
# Default:
EXTRA_GROUPS="audio"

# If ADD_EXTRA_GROUPS is set to something non-zero, the EXTRA_GROUPS
# option above will be default behavior for adding new, non-system users
ADD_EXTRA_GROUPS=1

Now whenever you use adduser the user will also be added to the audio group. Please note that that group must exist. SO first create the group if it doesn't exist then add it to the /etc/adduser.conf.

You can control this behaviour by setting

ADD_EXTRA_GROUPS=1

to

ADD_EXTRA_GROUPS=0

This will disable this behaviour, so one can always switch it on/off.


Can't install nor try ubuntu 12.10, system halted

Actually, I solved it...
Had to download the ISO file again and create a bootable USB disk using the default bootable disk creator tool (used unetbootin last time).
When I had 12.04 running, it wouldn't accept my previous ISO file.
I don't know what changed, but the new ISO file was read well and I installed it that way.


How do I turn on my WiFi in ubuntu 16.04LTS

Go to your Bios and reset all service to default and save them.
Then restart your system again


From the deluge-console man page:

  You can pass console commands directly from the command line and run
  multiple  commands  by separating them with a semi-colon (;).

deluge-console add torrent-file-url.torrent
deluge-console add torrent-file-url.torrent; info torrent_id

To prevent issues with spaces in filenames use quotes around the entire command string e.g.

deluge-console "add torrent-file-url.torrent; info torrent_id"


Smaller Font and web pages not fit to screen resolution

Regarding your system font, go to System Settings and check Displays. There is an option called 'Scale for menu and title bars:'. Change the value on the scale given below that to change font size. Regarding websites, I guess it changes based on the browser you use and the website you visit. Check this thread. Hopefully it will solve your problem.


Can't mount ISO file as loop device: Error: “failed to setup loop device”

First make sure you have mounted loop device kernel module. So run:

  lsmod | grep loop

If you get no output, that means you have to mount the loop device kernel module . So:

  modprobe loop

Re-run the following to make sure the module is loaded. You should get some outputs:

  lsmod | grep loop

Now, to mount an ISO file as loop device do the following:

  mount -o loop -t iso9660 <path/to/iso/file> /media/cdrom

However I guess it should also work without the -t iso9660 part.


You don't mean you tried the same HDD on 2 PCs right? Do you dual-boot either machine? Can you rule out HDD fault with the other OS or smartctl? Concurrent HDD failure on 2 machines might be too much of a coincidence, but clicking HDDs need to be taken seriously.


conjure-up Ubuntu Server 17.04 OpenStack Nova LXD

You can achieve this by one of these two way:

Add one rule to the iptables

In this case, you should just run this command.

sudo iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 443 -j DNAT --to-destination <<horizon-ip>>:443

you can access to horizon dashborad via https://<<horizon-ip>>/horizon
Setup NginX

sudo apt install nginx

add these configuration to vim /etc/nginx/site-enables/openstack.conf

server {
  listen  81;
  server_name <<server-ip>>;

  location / {
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
    proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    proxy_redirect off;
    proxy_pass http://<<horizon-ip>>/;
  }

sudo service nginx reload

Now you can access to the horizon dashboard via http://<<server-ip>>:81/horizon


ImportError: svn__apr_hash_index_val after install ViewVc

ANSWER: my problem was with a package wihin python-subversion so I installed.

sudo apt-get install python-subversion

It installed python-subversion armhf 1.9.4-3.


Unnecessarily complicated. Please take a look at the documentation, which suggests that a separate file is created for the purpose.

To disable:

sudo sh -c 'printf "[Seat:*]\nallow-guest=false\n" >/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-no-guest.conf'

To re-enable:

sudo rm /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-no-guest.conf

It may be worth mentioning that the guest session feature is disabled by default in 16.10+.


I don't know what the root cause might be, but as a workaround I'd suggest hitting Alt+F2 (to bring up the "run" dialog), enter r and hit Enter. This will restart Gnome shell, but leave your applications running.


Yes you can connect both the disks to the PC. Grub will add both by sudo update-grub. Of-course you can't run two OS at one time if that is what you meant by "Can I run Lubuntu 18.10 and ubuntu 16.04 on two separate disks at the same time?"


In Synaptics' terminology, "generic driver" means "a driver made by Synaptics that has not been customized by an equipment manufacturer."

The xf86-input-synaptics driver is not generic, it's Free Software. It was created by many volunteers and paid employees of open source companies like Red Hat and Canonical. As far as I know, Synaptics never contributed anything to it, code or otherwise. It is actually superior to the proprietary driver in several ways, but you'd have to do some reading and tinker with some settings to gain an understanding of what it can do. That's generally true of most Free Software.

Synaptics, Inc. actually does make a proprietary Linux driver with all the features you mentioned, but it's strictly available to equipment manufacturers for preinstallation on new machines that ship with Linux already installed. You can't find that driver online. Can't even buy it -- license restrictions. That's UN-Free software.

The circular scrolling feature you're talking about is called ChiralMotion(TM). I know, it's awesome, I love it too. Really missing it. Unfortunately, it's patented.

There is a "Circular Scrolling" feature in the open source driver, but it works differently. The circling movement must be centered to the touchpad. Not quite as intuitive, IMHO. Less efficient. It also currently doesn't support horizontal scrolling.

Well, I wanted that feature back too, so I'm working on some improvements:

http://galundin.github.io/circular-scrolling-improved/

No reverse engineering, this is very different from the patented algorithm, even though its behavior is very similar. I'm in the process of hacking this functionality into the open source driver. That's what Free Software is all about. We have the power to make it better.

So regarding 1.) hang in there, I'm working on it.

Based on what you described in 2.) that sounds like you're talking about a Buttonless TouchPad (aka ClickPad). That mode is enabled with the ClickPad option, and SoftButtonAreas to define the boundaries. You can read all about those options and how to configure them here.

Regarding 3.) "added precision," I think you mean Pointing Enhancements > Slow Motion, which reduces sensitivity while a modifier key is held down (shift or control). That exact feature isn't in the xf86 driver, but it does provide dynamic control of pointer sensitivity in response to finger pressure, which is arguably more intuitive. Type man synaptics in a terminal and look for PressureMotion. That option has several settings to let you fine-tune its behavior. You can change those settings on the fly with the synclient command before you put them into the config file.

BTW, GSynaptics is deprecated. Its successor is GPointingDeviceSettings. But there are still many options it doesn't show.


I don't think is possible, since the HUD is part of Unity itself, you can check:

How do I modify or disable the HUD's use of the Alt key?

There they show you how to disable it


How can I make Rythmbox (or Banshee) scan a specific directory for .is_audio_player

A) If you want to use any directory (network share) in Rythmbox

1) Open rythmbox

2) Click Edit, then Preferences

You will see something similar to this:

3) Click Browse, choose the location that your network share is mounted.

4) Make sure watch my library for new files is checked (as shown).

B) Based on our chat, I believe that you have manged to use a pendrive with .is_audio_player. Edit that file and copy it to the root of your device. You will want to edit it to comply with the format discussed below. If you have a media player that requires a is_audio_player file, this means that it is not automatically recognized by Ubuntu and it is a bug (ie your drive does not appear in the list Readers automatically detected). So that other users like you are not obliged to define such a file and your drive is automatically recognized in future versions of Ubuntu, please report the bug by running the command: ubuntu-bug media-player-info.

is_audio_player format

Here is a practical example of properties that you can add to this file .is_audio_player (each is explained in more detail below).

For a complete list of all available properties, refer to the HAL standard

audio_folders = Music /, Other folder / subfolder
 folder_depth = 8
 output_formats = audio / mpeg, application / ogg, audio / x-ms-wma
 input_formats = audio / mpeg

Parameter "audio_folders"

List all folders that contain music. Other files will be ignored. \ \ The order is important because the music will transfer to the first folder in the list.

In the absence of this parameter, the music is sought throughout the volume and transfers are to the root.
Parameter "folder_depth"

Specifies the number of child folders in which music files can be found:

This parameter is relative to the folder containing music, as specified in <audio_folders>;
All audio files located in another child folder will not be seen;
The value 0 indicates that there is no depth limit subfolders.

Examples:

If the player stores all the music with the tree / <audio_folders> / <Artiste> / <Album>, use the folder_depth parameter = 2;
For a compilation of Beatles containing two discs with the tree / <audio_folders> / Beatles/Compilation/Disque1 with the folder_depth parameter = 2, audio files located in Disk1 will not be seen.

This parameter is also used when importing new songs:

folder_depth = 0 places the files in the root folder specified in the first audio_folders as
<audio_folders> / <artiste> - <album> - <PDISKID> piste> - name> morceau>;
folder_depth = 1: Place the files in a subfolder. This will be placed in the first indicated in the form audio_folders
<audio_folders> / <artiste> - <album> / <PDISKID> piste> - name> morceau>;
folder_depth = 2 and more: places the files in two subfolders. These will be placed in the first audio_folders indicated in the form
<audio_folders> / <artiste> / <album> / <PDISKID> piste> - name> morceau>.

In the absence of parameters, folder_depth = 0 is used by default.
Parameter "output_formats"

Indicates the formats supported by the player in mime type. The first type is indicated that used for the automatic conversion when importing new songs.

Mime types most commonly used:

audio / mpeg (mp3)
application / ogg (ogg)
audio / x-ms-wma (wma).

In the absence of this parameter, the software used for the import will use the format specified in preferences.
Parameter "input_formats"

Indicates formats that can record player with microphone or from a radio.

Mime types most commonly used:

audio / mpeg (mp3)
application / ogg (ogg)
audio / x-ms-wma (wma).

In the absence of this parameter, it is considered that the player can not record audio.

Source (B):http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/is_audio_player&prev=/search%3Fq%3D.is_audio_player%26client%3Dubuntu%26hs%3D8v7%26channel%3Dfs


You want to change the console font-size and you have to edit the settings in the /etc/default/console-setup file . Here's mine :

# Consult the console-setup(5) manual page.

ACTIVE_CONSOLES="/dev/tty[1-6]"

CHARMAP="UTF-8"

CODESET="guess"
FONTFACE="Fixed"
FONTSIZE="8x16"

VIDEOMODE=

You should manually change the line FONTSIZE=.

Permitted values are explained in the manpage :

  FONTFACE and FONTSIZE
          Valid font faces are: VGA (sizes  8x8,  8x14,  8x16,  16x28  and
          16x32),  Terminus  (sizes  6x12, 8x14, 8x16, 10x20, 12x24, 14x28
          and 16x32), TerminusBold (sizes 8x14, 8x16, 10x20, 12x24,  14x28
          and  16x32),  TerminusBoldVGA  (sizes  8x14 and 8x16), and Fixed
          (sizes  8x13,  8x14,  8x15,  8x16   and   8x18).    If   however
          CODESET=Ethiopian,  then  the  available font faces are Goha and
          GohaClassic, each in sizes 8x12, 8x14 and 8x16.

But depending on your screen resolution , it might be small for you even after increasing it to maximum.


How do I fix name service for Vagrant client?

I had the same issue with Ubuntu 12.10 and found a solution. Just add those lines to your Vagrantfile:

config.vm.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--natdnshostresolver1", "on"]
config.vm.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--natdnsproxy1", "on"]

For Vagrant 1.1+ you will need (thanks to farooqsadiq)

config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
  v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--natdnshostresolver1", "on"]
end

It seems to be a known bug in VirtualBox on Ubuntu 12.10:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/virtualbox/+bug/1048783

https://www.virtualbox.org/ticket/10864


The best video capture software for gnome

gtk-recordmydesktop
Adds an easy to use graphical icon on the GNOME toolbar to configure the audio and video capture and screencast application recordMyDesktop.
If you encounter issues with the produced video, like being all crazy after uploading to YouTube or when viewing on your desktop, then convert it to avi using mencoder. This is an issue that has been present since Lucid.
Here is a simple script that allows you to select the video to be converted (requires zenity and mencoder). The script will launch mencoder on a terminal and save the video in the Desktop as output.avi.
#!/bin/bash

VIDEO=$(zenity --file-selection)

mencoder ${VIDEO}  -o ~/Desktop/output.avi -oac mp3lame -lameopts fast:preset=standard -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vbitrate=4000

To install dependencies:
mencoder
zenity


PPTP VPN connection with dd-wrt terminates

Whereas Windows appears to try different options automatically, you must configure Network Manager more manually.

In Advanced Options there are a number of options; you need to find a combination that works.


Ubuntu 12.04: mouse and wireless not working on startup

Update modules File

To fix this you'll need to update /etc/modules with your touchpad and wireless modules:

sudo gedit /etc/modules

Add the following lines to the end of the file:

psmouse
<your wifi module>

Then reboot to see if it worked. If you don't know your wifi module...

Find Your Wifi Module

My wifi module is iwlwifi . To figure that out, here's what I did.

sudo lshw -C network

This lists your network hardware, and some additional details. You'll have to wait a few seconds before you get any output. For my adapter I noticed near the top it was marked as "UNCLAIMED". If yours isn't marked as unclaimed, perhaps something else is up.

I then searched on-line for my product (Centrino Advanced-N 6200) and modprobe to figure out what module I needed to load. When you find this test it out with sudo modeprobe <your module>.

If your wireless still isn't working run sudo lshw -C network again. If your network adapter is now "DISABLED" you just need to enable it. For me I hit +F11.

Now that you've figured out your wireless adapter module, update /etc/modules and reboot.


How to detect a Brother scanner connected via USB

The solution was so silly... after hours of frustration, I just unplugged the USB cable and re-connected it. Then, I ran brsaneconfig4 -d again and got:

found USB scanner (vendor=0x04f9 [Brother], product=0x033d [MFC-J4420DW]) at  libusb:001:013
  # Your USB scanner was (probably) detected. It may or may not be supported by
  # SANE. Try scanimage -L and read the backend's manpage.

Now I can print with simple-scan!


Monitor not idling after i3wm installation

The the timeout values for all power saving features (Standby, Suspend and Off) are set to 0, which disables them.

You can set the timeouts with the xset command:

xset dpms [standby [suspend [off]]]

Where standby, suspend and off are the timeout values in seconds. For most modern displays there is (at least in my experience) no real difference between those modes. So if you set

xset dpms 0 0 600

it will turn off your display after 10 minutes of idling.

You can just add this as an exec configuration to your ~/.i3/config:

exec --no-startup-id xset dpms 0 0 600

If you want to immediately turn of your screen, you can do so with

xset dmps force off


Speaking of gnome 3, you mean gnome shell I suppose?
  Maybe it's because of yours graphic card drivers. I had the same problem with Maverick Beta, it's because mutter (used by Gnome shell and Unity for compositing) have a lot of problems with some drivers (Mutter is very young). If you use the proprietary graphics of your cards, try to disable them and use Ubuntu drivers.
  Else, I don't know what you can do except waiting for the Ubuntu 11.04 version of Unity wich will use compiz instead of mutter (it means a very very very better compatibility).
  Firsts versions of compiz based Unity should be available soon in a ppa to test, but beware, it will be devellopement version)


Customize xdg-open to open home page without URL

You could create an alias for your shell. Add this to your .bashrc (assuming you use bash):

alias myhome='xdg-open http://www.google.com'

Then call it with myhome

Or define it as a variable (in .bashrc):

myhome='http://www.google.com'

And call with xdg-open $myhome

Though as mentioned in the comments, if google.com is the start page in your browser just call your browser from the command-line, f.ex.:

google-chrome &
firefox &

You probably want the & at the end to open it in the background.


Unable to connect to Ubuntu 14.04 localhost

You need to forward the port to your virtual server. According to HowToGeek,

Open the Manage Virtual Networks item.
Click on the NAT tab, and click Edit.
Click Port Forwarding.
Enter your host port, and the IP address and port of the virtual server.

In the example, they forwarded port 8080 to port 80 on the virtual machine, which means that http://localhost:8080 would load your virtual server.

Source: http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/vmware/allow-access-to-a-vmware-virtual-machinenat-from-another-computer/


Add space from a NTFS partition to Ubuntu

While it may be rare, but something can go wrong, so I strongly advise you to back up your most important data.

As far as resizing partitions, this is very easily done by booting into a gparted CD.

Just boot to the gparted disk select that partition you want to resize and use the gui to stretch it (or shrink it) to the preferred size.


Wifi connected but no internet on MacBook Air 1,1 2008 (or working but unstable) - stable fix

After struggling a lot, knowing there are solutions around, that I found in Linux Mint forums, but not giving a stable solution for the problem.
I refer to this thread, however the solution is not entirely solved there.
How to get internal wifi working on MacBook Air 1,1 on Ubuntu Mate 16.04?
"To resolve this issue you must re-install Linux Mint, Debian, Ubuntu, etc.
Begin the reinstallation process and where you select "Installation Type" select "Something Else"
create a 500MB partition and select "reverse bios" instead of "efi"
To the best of my knowledge, problem seems to be that "Secure Boot" AKA "efi" only allows for supported hardware and the required b43 driver apparently isn't supported hardware."
Source: here
Then, just install the b43-installer from driver manager.
If you prefer an out of the box solution, look here
Have fun! The MacBook Air 1,1 is a great machine under linux, it would have been a pity not being able to use it normally, and ubuntu gives it after all a well-deserved life extension!


iptables owner module not found - match error "No chain/target/match by that name"

sudo modinfo ipt_owner

Should return information about the module if it's loaded or not.
In most desktop / server distros it comes compiled into the kernel and would be listed here.

you can try loading it with
sudo modprobe ipt_owner

but if it is like I suspect your distribution doesn't bundle it.
Possibly you are not using a "official" Ubuntu release but one built from ubuntu sources by some third party?

Then you need to download your kernel sources and compile the module yourself to support your use-case


How To Post a http Form On Boot? Maybe by Running a PHP Script?

You could also edit /etc/rc.local - it runs later in the start up process than cron tasks. I had to use it to fire off some MySQL stuff on re-boot because mysql wasn't up and running when the cron task fired.

EDIT:

Run this: `sudo nano /etc/rc.local'

Add your command like so ...

#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.

#!/bin/bash

/var/www/XXXXXX.php

exit 0

good luck! :)


Ubuntu 20.04 desktop files and icons missing

This worked for me:

Install gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons:

sudo apt install gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons

Log  out of Gnome.
Log back in.


How to create a bridge from a wifi laptop?

Found!

The graphical program that shows the feature you need is

nm-connection-editor

Launch it from a terminal window.

When it opens, select the wired connection item, clicking the edit button (the cog). In that menu, switch to the IPv4 tab, and select the method: 'shared to other computers', save everything and connect your cable if you haven't already.

That's all


Batch job for creating a text file for movie files

Steeldriver done beat me to it, and more elegantly. I'm not gonna be in his class for a decade at least. But since I already wrote and tested this, I'll post it, FWIW. The following code is to be put in a script. Then you run the script in a terminal with the sole argument being the directory containing the files you want to deal with. If you wanted to run it from a gui file browser, you'd need to invoke it with something like xterm -e /path/to/this_script.sh $f, f being whatever variable the file browser passes on the /path/to/directory as.

So open a plain text file with an editor, something like geany, leafpad, or (shudder) gedit.

Copy the code below into it, starting with the "#!/bin/bash two lines below this.

##### Do NOT copy this line, start with the next line beginning "#!"

#!/bin/bash

# repeats until you enter a valid directory
# you might add a test to make sure you have adequate permissions.
DIr="$1"
while [ ! -d "$DIr" ] || [ $DIr = / ]; do
      read -p "$DIr is not a valid argument. Enter a
      directory other than '/' with files you want to process:" DIr
done

# canonicalizes directory name
DIr="$(readlink -f "$DIr")"

for FILE in $DIr/*; do
    BASENAMe="$(basename "$FILE")"
    BASE_NAME_minus_ext="$(echo -n "$BASENAMe" | rev | cut -d'.' -f2- | rev)"

    # If you want 'em all in a single list, instead use:
    # echo "$BASENAMe" >> "$DIr/List_of_names_minus_extensions"
    echo "$BASENAMe" > "$DIr"/"$BASE_NAME_minus_ext"

done

##### Do NOT copy this line. Copy through and including "done" just above. No more.

Save the file with a convenient name, like "list.sh", without the quote marks. Move it to one of the directories in your path. You can display the path with the command:

echo $PATH

That will return a string which is a bunch of directories seperated by colons ( the ":" character). The individual directory names all begin with a "/". They do NOT include the ":". Any of those directories will do. If it is in your path, I suppose the most conventional one would be:

/usr/local/bin

but it really doesn't matter as long as it is one of them. If you did that with a graphical file browser (like Nautilus, Thunar, or Pcmamfm), right click on the script (i.e. the file you just created and moved) and click "properties" and then "permissions" if that is a separate tab. Set it as executable by you. All sorts of ways to do that. Most convenient is to set as owned by your user name and the group of the same name and check executable, readable and writable by owner and group but none of those by other.

If you are doing this from command line:

chmod -v ug+r+w+x /usr/local/bin/list.sh

using whichever of the directories on the path you put the file in and whatever filename you gave it.

Or, if that fails, do these 2, one at a time, in order:

sudo chown your_user_name:your_user_name /usr/local/bin/list.sh
sudo chmod -v ug+r+w+x /usr/local/bin/list.sh

Now you should have an executable script that can be invoked by typing it's name into a terminal and pressing enter, either plain like this:

list.sh

or with the name of the directory you want it to act on like this:

list.sh /path/to/directory_that_has_your_movies

If you don't include the full /path/to/directory_you_want_acted_upon, it will make a reasonable guess about where to find it. It might guess wrong. If you want to save yourself keystrokes you can give the script a shorter name like "lis" or if you want to make it easier to remember what it does, you can give it a longer name like "list_files_within_without_extensions.sh. The ".sh" ending is a common convention for script names just so you will know what the file is by looking at its name. you can name it anything, even "George Humperdink, III" if you want to, but spaces and commas tend to cause trouble.

Some more thoughts:
In light of your response to sudodus, I must caution, do NOT use sudo to run either his command or my script. I can't think of any good reason for movies to be owned by root or in a directory owned by root. They absolutely should NOT be run in a viewer by root. We don't have much of a malware problem in the 'nix ecosystem, but invoking media players, even pic viewers, as root, is asking for trouble and if enough people ask for trouble, someone will provide it. Therefore the files MUST be readable by a plain user, and it would be darned awkward to keep them in a directory that wasn't readable, writable, and "executable" by a plain user. If either his command or my script fails in a way that sudo would have prevented, then you need to change the perms of the files or the directory they are in. Using sudo would be like setting fire to the furniture because the AC has made the room too cold. It will just give you MORE permission problems by creating root owned list files. Never use sudo unless you HAVE to, and then only if it makes sense. If it doesn't make sense to have to use sudo, then fix the problem, don't work around it.

Also, yes his command will work for other extensions if you make the logical changes in it. The script works for any extensions as is.

You'll note near the middle is a commented out line regarding whether you want this to make one list in the directory it acts on or make a separate text file for each movie. Putting a "#" mark at the beginning of a line is referred to as "commenting out" the line. It means it is a comment for humans to read and bash will ignore it. You can make the script work either way by changing which of the pair of lines is commented. One should be commented, and the other not commented.


Trying to install ImageMagick, but when running sudo apt-get update it requires a password, what should I do? what password do I need?

If it asks "[sudo] password for username" just use your login password

If you never dowloaded it before the command would be

sudo apt-get install imagemagick


linux(Ubuntu) equivalent of windows' mongod command

All platforms require a running MongoDB server process if you want to connect to a local server. The server binary is mongod on Linux/macOS or mongod.exe on Windows.

A main difference in installation experience (as at MongoDB 3.4) is that the Ubuntu packages for MongoDB will automatically create a service definition and start mongod after installation. The Ubuntu package also creates a data directory (/var/lib/mongodb) and configuration file used by the mongod service (/etc/mongod.conf).  This enables the mongod service to be stopped, started, and restarted using  standard Ubuntu service management commands.

On Windows you can configure a Windows Service definition to start the MongoDB server as a background service, but this is not currently done by the standard Windows installer. Most tutorials assume that Windows users will not have a service definition and suggest manually starting mongod.exe in a CMD window.

One other difference in Linux vs Windows versions of the MongoDB server is that Linux mongod binaries include an option to --fork and run the server process in the background. The Windows API does not support the same concept of forking processes, so if you are starting a server manually you need to open one CMD window for mongod.exe and a second CMD window for interacting via the mongo shell or a command line client.

For production MongoDB deployments the most typical approach is to manage the MongoDB server using a service manager (regardless of platform). Using a service manager ensures that you start your MongoDB server with consistent configuration options and permissions.


Ubuntu 14.04, dpkg-reconfigure select option unattended

You can use debconf-set-selections to preseed settings for such configuration scenes. First, on a system on which the package has been installed and configured, run:

debconf-get-selections | grep x11-common

This will tell you the selection identifiers (the name of the package, which you know, and the name and type of the question) you need in case you want to manually set them. In this case, the output would be something like:

x11-common  x11-common/xwrapper/allowed_users         select  Anybody
x11-common  x11-common/xwrapper/actual_allowed_users  string  anybody

Then you can do, on a system on which x11-common is yet to be installed, you can:

ssh first-system 'debconf-get-selections | grep x11-common' |
  sudo debconf-set-selections

Or, manually:

sudo debconf-set-selections <<EOF
x11-common  x11-common/xwrapper/allowed_users         select  Anybody
x11-common  x11-common/xwrapper/actual_allowed_users  string  anybody
EOF

Then, you can install x11-common and expect it use this setting while configuration:

sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install x11-common


Unfortunately, in Unity DE, there is no way to move the launcher or top bar. If you truly want something like that I would recommend using another DE such as xfce, kde, lxde, or mate. I hope you enjoy linux otherwise, though!


Find a symbolic link or a record in "~/.bashrc" for a file

I think you may be looking at the wrong way. The bash shell doesn't only look at /usr/bin but a entire set of directories:

echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/home/braiam/.rvm/bin

Your command either should be on one of the directories, or have a function/alias that calls it. For those cases you might prefer type:

$ type ls
ls is aliased to `ls --color=auto'
$ type jobs
jobs is a shell builtin
$ type apt-get
apt-get is /usr/bin/apt-get


how can i increase the screen resolution ubuntu 15.10?

The display can only display so much.  Otherwise you're wasting time and energy rendering pixels the display can't show.  Your card is running at the maximum resolution of this display already.

If you were to increase the resolution, you would likely get a distorted display.

In other words, if you CAN do this you don't want to.  99.9% of the time, the resolution options given in the settings are the ones you monitor can handle.  If it's a second display that you're trying to use, then you may be set to clone displays.


Sharing resources between snappy packages

Yes, there will soon be a mechanism for you to share files in one of your snaps with other snaps that you made. Look out for the "content interface" in the next few weeks.

There will also be delta updates for snaps, which will reduce the upload / download for a given snap, but that's a separate matter.


Synchronize KMail and KOrganizer with my Google data

Have you seen this blog post? I think it may answer your question.


Where can I control desktop background animation?

I think I know what you mean. In Ubuntu 11.10 all these effects are handled by Compiz, and you can change the behavior by accessing the Compiz Config Settings Manager. If it is not installed, you can install it by running the following command:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Then you can run CCSM and modify the effects that you want to have. Hope this helps.


After 13.10 update bluetooth will not turn on

Yes. I was too facing a similar problem. My blue-tooth was on when I first started Saucy Salamander but once I disabled it I can neither use it in my Windows nor in Ubuntu.
I got it fine by

sudo rfkill unblock bluetooth

and you will need this command every time you disable it.