There are basically 2 ways of seeing if the firewall is configured. You should use both of the methods and verify that the firewall is both configured and configured the way you wish it to be.

First, check that the firewall rules have been applied. Pretty much all modern Linux firewall solutions use iptables for firewall. You can see that there are rules in place with iptables command:

iptables -L

This will return the current set of rules. There can be a few rules in the set even if your firewall rules haven't been applied. Just look for lines that match your given rulesets. This will give you an idea of what rules have been entered to the system. this doesn't guarantee the validity of the rules, only that they have been understood.

Next, you will use a second computer to test for connections against the host in question. This can be easily done with the nmap command (found in nmap package). Quick and dirty way of checking is:

nmap -P0 10.0.0.10
nmap -P0 -sU 10.0.0.10

Replace the IP address 10.0.0.10 with your destination hosts IP address.

The first line will scan for TCP ports that are open and available from the second computer. Second line will repeat the scan but this time with UDP ports. -P0 flag will prevent the host from being tested with a ICMP Echo packet, but might be blocked by your firewall rules.

The scan might take a while so be patient. There is also a GUI frontend for nmap called zenmap which makes it a bit easier to interpret the scan results if there is a lot of output.


The solution below applies to versions of VMWare prior to 12.1.0.  The 12.1.0 version of VMWare does not require this fix.

VMWare and VMPlayer are in fact looking for a specific library string.  You can execute VMWare/VMPlayer from the terminal by executing

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/vmware/lib/libglibmm-2.4.so.1/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

then vmware or vmplayer

I made this a permanent change on my system by executing instead

executing sudo nano /usr/bin/vmware and adding the line

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/vmware/lib/libglibmm-2.4.so.1

after the line export PRODUCT_NAME...

Press ctrl+o to save and ctrl+x to exit:  VMWare will now work.

To perform the same function for VMPlayer, execute the same changes to /usr/bin/vmplayer


Update-manager not working due to 404 error

Your system has a PPA that doesn't exist.

There is no Firefox-stable PPA for Oneric, as the latest Firefox is already in the main repos. You will need to remove this PPA from your Software Sources.

Please, look at these questions: How can PPAs be removed, and How to remove a repository


Make Nautilus mount SMB share with Protocol 2.0

I have a alternate suggestion if you are interested. Instead of messing about with how the samba client accesses the NAS - which as I said should be unnecessary since it will use SMB2/3 by itself if required - why not just use CIFS automatically?

Add the following line to the end of /etc/fstab:

//nas/video /media/lukas/nas cifs vers=2.0,username=Lukas,password=xxxx,uid=1000,gid=1000,noauto,user 0 0

Note: The server can also be expressed as an mDNS qualified hostname if the server supports it: //nas.local/video
Or an ip address: //192.168.0.100/video

How this will work:

noauto = will make it so that it doesn't mount at boot. We are going to set this up to use CIFS on demand when you need it - useful if you have a laptop.

user = will make it so an ordinary user ( non sudo ) can mount the share.

mount point = Since it's under /media it will induce a udisks response:

(1) An icon will appear on the side panel of Nautilus.

(2) It will be "actionable" - click on it and the system will go to fstab to find out how to mount it then mount it - click on it again to unmount the share.

There is a side benefit to this approach. The icon that it will add to Nautilus will also show up in most of your applications - like gedit > Open for example. Then you can mount the share from your application directly.

Note to anyone reading this: The mount point is important here. For the udisks magic to work the mount point has to be under /media or your home directory.


The errors are being shown on STDERR (file descriptor 2), not STDOUT (file descriptor 1); as you are redirecting/piping the STDOUT only, you won't get hold of the STDERR contents. So you need some way to handle the STDERR.

If you want to save the STDOUT and STDERR both in a file:

make &>buildinfo.txt

POSIX-ly:

make >buildinfo.txt 2>&1

Only the STDERR:

make 2>buildinfo.txt

the above will print STDOUT on the terminal (assuming FD 1 is attached to the terminal), if you do not want that, discard it:

make >/dev/null 2>buildinfo.txt

Now, for piping the STDOUT and STDERR to some other commands STDIN via pipefs (|), e.g to less:

make |& less

POSIX-ly:

make 2>&1 | less

Only the STDERR:

make 2>&1 >/dev/null | less


I find the same thing when imwheel is running, the utility that allows change to the mouse wheel.  Holding down the Right-Control dows allow VirtualBox windows to be moved around.


SYMFONY3 PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library php_intl.dll

DLL is a dynamic link library file format used for holding multiple codes and procedures for Windows programs. DLL files were created so that multiple programs could use their information at the same time, aiding memory conservation.

Please comment the line you've uncommented because DLL is for Windows. Ubuntu doesn't find files with extension *.dll.


What codecs are supported by the different GStreamer plugin sets?

They should be listed in the description of the package.  You can run 'apt-cache show' followed by the package name to see what is included in your release.  These can change between releases.


I'd stick intel i3 530 (the product name) into Google and end up on its ark.intel.com page:

Sockets Supported   FCLGA1156

If you're less confident about the CPU model (or there are two SKUs with the same model - ARK would tell you) you could look at the current motherboard. You can get its make/model with sudo dmidecode -t 2 and from there you can return to your favourite search engine to find its specs.


I experienced the same problem when using UFW and eventually by chance found that net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all is explicitly set to zero in /etc/ufw/sysctl.conf, apparently overriding the setting in /etc/sysctl.conf.
Updating the offending line in /etc/ufw/sysctl.conf resolved the problem.


1-Block all outbound traffic from the security group.
2-Open one by one for each application needs outbound access.
3-Monitor again.


How to find the default file format associations & applications menu

You need to right click on the word document, then go into the Open With tab, and then pick the program you want:


Ubuntu 12.04: Samsung ML-2955DW not print

This printer supports PCL 6, so it should work out-of-the-box with Ubuntu.

Try to select a similar driver, I don't have this printer, but try the ML2850D and select the plxmono driver, not the postscript one. It should mostly work.


Why does Pasting or typing in my password and hitting enter creates newlines instead of submitting password?

Hi please enter the below code and try:

sudo -u postgres psql

now enter your root password. now you are connected to postgressql
if you want to change postgres password enter below code in psql

\password

if you want to change postgres user password enter below code in psql

ALTER USER user_name WITH PASSWORD 'new_password';

I hope it helps you


Unable to install php5-mcrypt on Ubuntu 14.04

php5-mcrypt is located in the universe repository.

Open Dash, go to Software and Updates and be sure to check the universe repository (Free and opensource software maintained by community).

OR

Run the below command on terminal to enable universe repository,

sudo add-apt-repository universe

Then:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install php5-mcrypt

Should work.


Dual booting Windows 10 and Ubuntu on 128 GB SSD and 1TB HDD drive. What is the best partitioning choice?

I would install ubuntu on the hard drive in that case, it would run just fine. loading times would be slightly longer.
You can access windows partitions in linux but windows fast tartup might cause some problems there. If you experience any problems mounting windows partitions in linux this guide might help.


First go to settings on the launcher. Then you would see additional drivers there, select that. Wireless drivers would install on clicking.


I had the same problem when trying to install Ubuntu, My problem was related to an older cd drive being misidentified by Ubuntu during install. Strangely the drive could be read by the installer program but failed to function when Ubuntu started. Your board details seem to indicate you could be a computer builder. 12.04 expects newer hardware everywhere. If you have installed any older hardware in your system, like a cd/dvd drive, try removing the power to the drive, that's all I did then the system booted fine and never had a problem after. When the drive was connected, the system would complete the install then black screen with no forward progress. The same exact behaviour was repeated when installing or trying to run from the USB. Hope this helps.


Is ubuntu supports on Lenovo g5070 and how to install...?

Yes, I quickly googled the specs of it and it's much more than enough to install ubuntu. And it seems, it comes with preinstalled dos. If yours have it too, then you can either install ubuntu along with it or you can remove the dos os giving everything to ubuntu.

In either case, you would require a live cd of ubuntu. What you need to do is first download the version of ubuntu you want to install ( I would recommend 14.04 ) and get a usb drive (2 gb would be fine). Use start up disk creater ( if you have access to linux based os on some other computer) or universal usb installer (in case of windows) to make installation disk of ubuntu.

Boot from the usb and simply follow the instructions. This link might be useful.


I think that you were still wiping the previous partition table and file system when you took the drive out (unplugged it). That kind of overwriting takes a very long time.

The files in

/dev/disk/by-id

are special files, created by the system. You should not tamper with them, but I think that they are created again, when you reboot your computer.

-o-

It should work to create a new partition table and file system in your USB drive. I suggest that you install mkusb and use the options at the wipe menu according to the folloing links

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb

mkusb/wipe

This way you can wipe the first megabyte (to be sure to get a good system without any disturbing data), and use any tool to create a new partition table and file system. You can also let mkusb do the whole job and create a partition table plus an NTFS file system, which you want. The NTFS option in the wipe menu works for all sizes of drives, also bigger than 2 TB.


Completely messed up booting. Can't even boot from DVD

Try downloading the USB flash drive image of my rEFInd boot manager, prepare a USB drive from it, and see if you can boot from it. If so, it should show you your recovery DVD as a boot option. (If not, be sure the DVD is inserted and hit the Esc key.) If this doesn't work, then there's something seriously screwy about your firmware. (Perhaps a firmware update would help.) If you can't boot the rEFInd USB drive, you could try installing the Debian package version to your hard disk, but that will change your default boot loader, which might in turn cause more problems. (In theory it shouldn't, but you can never tell....)


How do I easily resize a wallpaper for my screen?

Instead of resizing, you can make your wallpaper fill the screen from the Right Click change Desktop background options.
You can try the tile, zoom , center ,scale, fill, span options to desired one.


How can I programmatically refresh the wallpaper?

The code for Wallch might give you clues:

http://sourceforge.net/projects/wall-changer/


Windows 7, Ubuntu 12.04 dual boot hard drive issues

930 * (10^9) / (2^30) ~= 866. It is possible that Ubuntu disk utility reports 930 GB (gigabytes = 10^9 bytes), while Windows reports GiB (gibibytes = 2^30 bytes).
However, this doesn't explain why Windows reports 875 rather than 866.


Executing nodejs binaries on NTFS partition ends with Permission failure

Here's my solution:

Find the directory of your mounted partition:

Usually /media/<your_username>/<the_partition_name>
Let's assume your username is moo and the partition name is mystuff the mount path would be /media/moo/mystuff.

Unmount the partition with the unmount button next to it
Create a folder with the same path as the partion:

sudo mkdir /media/<your_username>/<the_partition_name>
Then mount the partition to it:

sudo mount -t ntfs -o rw,auto,defaults,exec /dev/disk/by-label/<the_partition_name> /media/<your_username>/<the_partition_name>

thus preserving any path references you have to it.

After you finish you can unmount the partition manually again in which case the folder you've created is left empty
Delete the folder so that you can mount the usual way to the same path without executive permissions as you did so far:

sudo rmdir /media/<your_username>/<the_partition_name>

I found this method to work for me because:

I need these kind of permissions occasionally
It preserves my outside path references to the partition
I have the free option of mounting the default way

If you need permission access to be your default you should consider defaulting these settings.


You say you have two drives. It seems as if your computer has given priority to the one containing Ubuntu.

Restart your computer and keep tapping F12 until you enter the menu with device selection for booting. From here, select the 1 TB drive and you'll boot into Windows.

If you want the computer to boot into Windows by default, you'll have to set the 1 TB HDD as the top priority boot device.


An ISO file is also sometimes called an image file. It is sort of an archive for CDs or USBs. This is indeed what you need to install Ubuntu.

Go to http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop and hit the Download button to get your ISO file.

You will have the choice between the 32 bits and the 64 bits versions of Ubuntu : choose the one that corresponds to your computer.


It appears to me that the problem you are having is that you are trying and failing to install geany as mentioned in this comment it's not necessary to compile it as a quick search of Ubuntu Package search makes it clear that the package is available in the Universe repository for all currently supported versions of Ubuntu. To install, simply enable the Universe repository and then issue the commands

sudo apt update
sudo apt install geany


16.04: programs like Nautilus or gnome-screenshot hang for 20 seconds before opening

Update August 19, 2019

Sounds like this 2 year old bug:

  the solution seems to be adding

dbus-update-activation-environment --systemd DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS DISPLAY XAUTHORITY

  to .xinitrc or .xsession.

Original Answer

This thread has techniques you can use to narrow down the problem:

Nautilus 3.30 starts very slowly, and I see error messages running Nautilus from the terminal

The next time it happens, rather than starting Nautilus from the GUI desktop or menu open a terminal and type nautilus. Then you will hopefully see some error messages that tell you the exact problem.

In the link above the solution hinted at was to use:

cp /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ~/.xinitrc

Then edit the file ~/.xinitrc and add the dbus command. On my system the end result would look like this:

$ cat ~/.xinitrc

#!/bin/sh

# /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
#
# global xinitrc file, used by all X sessions started by xinit (startx)

# invoke global X session script
. /etc/X11/Xsession
dbus-update-activation-environment --systemd DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS DISPLAY XAUTHORITY


it is safe, it's all about permissions, i put my document root within my home directory and
execute `sudo chown -R www-data:www-data ~/jhano/public_html


How do I change volume sizes on Ubuntu Server 12.04.3 without reinstalling?

First you will need to configure the hardware raid to increase the size of the virtual disk.  If you have already done that, then you need to expand the partition, then tell the filesystem to use the new space.

Expanding the partition can be done using parted.  Use the unit s command to have it use sectors as the units and print the existing table.  Then delete the existing partition with the rm command, and recreate it with the mkpart command.  Be sure to use the exact same starting sector, and make the length longer.  You may need to reboot for this to take effect.

Then use the resize2fs command ( assuming you are using the ext4 filesystem ) to expand the filesystem into the new space.


Is there a default clipboard history in Ubuntu? If there is, how can I access it?

There isn't a default clipboard history in 20.04, just the current item in the clipboard or nothing if nothing has been copied to the clipboard. If nothing has been copied to the clipboard, the clipboard is empty. If something has been copied to the clipboard then by default the clipboard contains the last item that was copied to it.
Pasting a selected text snippet with your middle mouse button is completely separate from the normal clipboard. Selecting text does not copy it to your clipboard. This quick method of pasting only works with the middle mouse button. source


How to change Ubuntu login screen background without dconf-editor?

The easiest way would be to open your file manager (e.g. Nautilus) with root privileges:

sudo nautilus

And then copy the desired wallpaper to the following folder:

/usr/share/backgrounds

This should solve your problem.


Network share 'remember forever' option doesn't work

Start the Seahorse password management application and delete the corresponding smb://...
entry.

After that, try to access the share again, and it should ask for the credentials again. Set the option to remember it and it should work until the next password change.

This is what I have to do when the Samba/Windows password changes (using Ubuntu 11.10 and Gnome for accessing SMB shares)


How to use multiple ssh keys with different accounts and hosts

This is all gathered from website and stackoverflow, hope this helps who are new to ssh

so you can have many ssh keys

~/.ssh$ ls
yyy_id_rsa  yyy_id_rsa.pub  id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts

Note: we need to add then to the ssh-agent, probably id_rsa will be added so we need to add the other private key

~/.ssh$ ssh-add yyy_id_rsa

now we have added both ssh keys to ssh-agent

we have one for bitbucket and one for github

so we create a config file like this

~/.ssh$ nano config
Host bit-yyyuser bitbucket.org
Hostname bitbucket.org
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/yyy_id_rsa
User yyyuser

Host bit-xxxuser bitbucket.org
Hostname bitbucket.org
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
User xxxuser

Host git-xxxuser github.com
Hostname github.com
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
User xxxuser

Note: I am using 2 different keys for 2 different account on bitbucket and one for github.

Now we need to tell the git repository which host to use so that I will get that specific ssh key for that specific account

change git@bitbucket.orgyyyuser/yyyproject.git to git@bit-yyyuser:yyyuser/yyyproject.git

so in the project folder and add the remote url

/var/www/yyyproject$ git remote add bit git@bit-yyyuser:yyyuser/yyyproject.git

in other project

/var/www/xxxproject$ git remote add bitt git@bit-xxxuser:xxxuser/xxxproject.git

now you can use push and pull easily

:/var/www/yyyproject$ git pull bit master
From bit-yyyuser:yyyuser/yyyproject
 * branch            master     -> FETCH_HEAD
Already up-to-date.
:/var/www/yyyproject$

and another project

/var/www/xxxproject$ git push bitt ver1
To git@bit-xxxuser:xxxuser/xxxproject.git
 * branch            master     -> FETCH_HEAD
Already up-to-date.
:/var/www/xxxproject$

now I dont have the github project on the local machine so we need to clone the project
but we need to make a little change to the url to clone

our url is like this

git@github.com:xxxuser/python.git

as we have to clone it with specific keys we just need to change the host name with the host we have defined

git@git-xxxuser:xxxuser/python.git

as defined in the config file

and now we can clone

:/var/www/us$ git clone git@git-xxxuser:xxxuser/python.git
Cloning into 'python'...
remote: Counting objects: 75, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (42/42), done.
remote: Total 75 (delta 18), reused 62 (delta 8)
Receiving objects: 100% (75/75), 6.29 KiB, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (18/18), done.
:/var/www/us$

we have identified different ssh keys for different host, one for git and one for bitbucket
now the system knows which ssh keys to be used with which host.

Now we can easily pull, push.


Standard text editor in Ubuntu (gedit) supports tabs.


How to edit /etc/default/grub on live-usb?

Change Command Line On Rufus Made USB
update-grub does not work on Live or Persistent USB's. However you can edit the command line Directly on a Rufus made USB in Windows.
If booting in Legacy mode:
In Windows Explorer select and open /isolinux/txt.cfg and add your iommu=soft between quiet and splash of the first menu item. Save.
If booting in UEFI mode:
In Windows Explorer select and open /boot/grub/grub.cfg and add your iommu=soft between quiet and splash of the first menuentry. Save.
You can also make the changes temporarily for each session.
Booting Legacy press shift and Esc at the language screen press F6 and Esc again. Edit the command line as above and press enter to boot.
Booting UEFI mode press e at the boot menu. Edit as above and press F10 to boot.


You have almost the same setup as me. 128 GB SSD 1.5 TB conventional.

Here is how I would do it:

Leave everything on the conventional drive for the time being.
Install and partition the ssd using a live distribution usb stick. I wouldn't even touch your old drive here.
See if everything boots to the new partition okay. You may need to adjust bios settings to make it boot to your new drive.
set up the mountpoint

sudo -i
mkdir /media/hdd
blkid

You will get something like the following:

/dev/sda1: UUID="0f6e1051-cf9f-4299-b691-76d0d8c532d1" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda5: UUID="058b6235-7e74-42ce-96c9-59f6cb0a44f3" TYPE="swap"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="40a50699-a900-4bfe-a9e4-6587c1a83464" TYPE="ext4"

copy the UUID of your secondary drive (mine is sdb1)

nano /etc/fstab paste in uuid line without the quotes and add some fstab goodness:

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
#
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=0f6e1051-cf9f-4299-b691-76d0d8c532d1 /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
# swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=058b6235-7e74-42ce-96c9-59f6cb0a44f3 none            swap    sw              0       0
# /media/hdd on /dev/sdb1
UUID=40a50699-a900-4bfe-a9e4-6587c1a83464 /media/hdd        ext4    defaults    0       2

You may need to change the ext4 to something else if your other drive is formatted differently.

Check to make sure mounts properly mount /media/hdd and see if it works.

make sure permissions are okay in /mnt/hdd/home/username
ls -l /mnt/hdd/home/username where username is the name of your user.
if the permissions look okay skip, if not (still with root)

chown username:username -R /media/home/username

Link directories you want in home with those on the ssd

These can be done with user permissions, I would suggest you do this with empty directories: For example Pictures

cd ~
rm -rf Pictures
ln -sf /media/hdd/home/username/Pictures .

Do this for any directory you expect to take too much space, for me it's Pictures, Music, Documents, Videos

(optional) Carefully clean up the /media/hdd/ directory with root permissions. By carefully I mean do not delete /media/hdd/home !


Protected access on VPS to important files

That depends highly on what you are trying to do. For example, the default user running the Apache Web Server is www-data. If you want a script being run by Apache Server to read-access a file that it does not have read access, you can use the following command:

setfacl -m u:www-data:r /path/to/file

To give write access the another file for example use:

setfacl -m u:www-data:w /path/to/another/file

See https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/en/man1/setfacl.1.html


Set terminal window title to current UTC time

As far as I understand, you'd expect the title to always update regularly, no matter what happens inside the terminal; that is, even if there's no activity (e.g. the prompt is displayed and you're not typing anything), or when a long process is running. Am I right?

The title can be updated by emitting a certain escape sequence called OSC 0, e.g.

echo -ne '\e]0;newtitle\a'

If you don't see this command changing the title, that's because the subsequent prompt overrides it again. You need to remove the setting of the title from the prompt. As a proof of concept, you can try this to make sure it indeed sets the title:

echo -ne '\e]0;newtitle\a'; sleep 5

You could write a script that emits and regularly updates the title in a similar manner, and run that script in the background.

There's one inherent problem with this approach, though. If you're running another app in the terminal, that application might also print escape sequences. Especially with other layers in between, such as ssh, there's a slim chance that the given app prints an escape sequence in two consecutive steps (e.g. the escape sequence that switches the foreground to red is "\e[31m" which might be printed as the characters "\e[3" in a single step, and shortly afterwards "1m"). There's a slight chance that your background script will intervene and print its stuff in the middle, potentially breaking the display big time (no pun intended).

There's no simple way to prevent this from happening. Perhaps tmux or a similar layer can be configured to update the title to contain the time. I don't know if let's say tmux supports this, but it has the knowledge required to make sure that this small chance of display corruption is eliminated. Well, it already shows the time by default (not in the title but on the actual canvas, though).

I recommend that you run a single graphical clock applet or app somewhere on your desktop, independently of terminal emulators. That way the same piece of information (the time) is not displayed in multiple locations, only at one place. Furthermore, you save the terminal's title (the available real estate) for some actual more meaningful information that's specific to that particular terminal.


Updating graphic drivers because Maple is unable to render 3D graphics with Ubuntu 14.04

Step 1 : Uninstall the currently installed drivers 340.

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Step 2 : Install the latest stable NVIDIA drivers 352.

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

In case it does not work install the latest official drivers 358.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-358 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

In case it still does not work use another installation method.

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.
On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 ... enter  user name and password ...
Now execute the commands ...


How can I install Kubuntu on a Virtualbox with a dynamic hard drive?

I'm not sure you can. However, you can create a dynamically allocated VHD instead.

Here is how to create it:

Click settings, and then Storage and click Controller: SATA. Then click the Blue square with a green +.

Click Create new disk:

Chose VHD and click Next:

Chose Dynamically allocated, and click next:

Chose a name, a size and click Create:

You will be able to install Kubuntu on this, it detects it as a full sized HDD. And don't worry about wasting space with the old VDI - you can either remove it, or just ignore it - mine is 3.1 MB.


Pinguybuilder is exactly what you need. It's a fantastic software, built by Pinguy OS developers, forked from the great original Remastersys.

The script can create a livecd of the installed system and works with *buntu systems.

You can either make a distributable livecd or a backup of your system.

Notable Changes:

Single package for Script and GUI.
Full EFI support including EFI partition on ISO.
Populate pool folder with grub-efi for offline installing.
Update grub entry with the named used for the CD label.
Uses XZ to compress the filesystem.squashfs for smaller ISO size.

Version 3.* works with buntu systems 14.04 (should also work with 14.10, if not try 4.)

Version 4.* works with *buntu systems 15.04+

For download, please visit here.

The Pinguy Builder will create a installable ISO of your current system. You can then burn that ISO to a USB using something like Unetbootin or just burn the ISO directly to a DVD. The DVD/USB can then be booted from a PC.

Depending on what option you choose determines what type of ISO gets created.
If you pick “Dist”, this will backup the whole system but exclude your home folder and any personal info.

If you pick “Backup”, this will backup the system and will include you home folder (so make sure it isn’t to big).

Both options can run as a live session. “Dist” mode has no password to login. “Backup” mode uses the user name and password used to create the ISO.

Lastly, don't forget to make the installer executable before the fresh installation, else, it won't run.


Okular annotations - *.xml file path and correct colour issue

1st part:

In order to export the annotations to other computer we can export the document as a *.okular file (which corresponds to a zip file with the *.pdf + *.xml files). In this case, to read the annotations in the other computer, the okular program is needed in both computers.
Alternatively I have read that the newer versions of okular compiled with poppler 0.20 do have the option to export to a pdf with annotations (though, I don't have it now).

2nd part:

Go to "Settings -> Show navigation panel"; then in "Reviews" view the annotations; click with the right button in each "Highlight"; then click in "Properties"; after that choose the type to "Squiggly" (as in fig.1, squiggly) or "Underline" with opacity 70% (as in fig.2, underline with opacity 70%).

obs: it is possible to choose more colours than the default black (eg. yellow) in the "General" tab (alternatively of editing the code, as mentioned in the question) - in fact, by editing the code a permanent new "highlight yellow button" would be added, whereas if the change is made in the GUI the colour must be changed for each annotation if yellow is the desired colour.


How can I wrap text/comments in Visual Studio Code?

File > Preferences > Settings

New Setting UI (Searchable )

Just Search Wrap / Word Wrap

editor.wordWrap: "off" - Lines will never wrap. editor.wordWrap: "on" - Lines will wrap at viewport width
editor.wordWrap: "on" - Lines will wrap at viewport width.
editor.wordWrap: "wordWrapColumn" - Lines will wrap at the value of editor.wordWrapColumn.
editor.wordWrap: "bounded" - Lines will wrap at the minimum of viewport width and the value of editor.wordWrapColumn.

References: https://code.visualstudio.com/updates/v1_10#_word-wrap-settings-redesign and info from @jermila-dhas
Deprecated (For History Purpose/How JSON setting should look like)

For Beginner
Paste the following in settings.json
// Place your settings in this file to overwrite the default settings
{       "editor.wrappingColumn": 0 }

That it, it is that simpler, but probably we will having someone open source user interface for json settings.
For Intermediate User
If you already have settings.json, just add
"editor.wrappingColumn": 0

As the settings is in JSON, last settings are without the comma , and setting is ending with } as you see in Default settings and the settings.json overide all the Default settings


Running Ubuntu LiveCD with another language

That works, has been working for a long time.

When you boot from a live media, the first screen you see is:

after pressing any key you get the menu to choose the language you want to use.

All of the above holds only true for legacy BIOS - the Ubuntu UEFI boot menu has not had localisation yet.


NUM-Lock LED state does not correspond with internal state after boot (15.04, 15.10)

This seems to be a little bug - actually appearing in Ubuntu 15.10.
It happens when you start typing too early after booting the computer
(especially when typing the root password ... after being asked to do so).
It also happens when you open an application with root privileges too early.

It does not happen when you wait a few minutes or after the screen turns off when inactive.
As a workaround : either wait some time before starting to type or press the Num key twice.

I decided to file a bug report on Launchpad.

Please may everybody reading this and having observed the same behaviour
confirm this bug to increase its importance and get it fixed quickly! Thank you.

To do this, click the link above, log into your launchpad account and click on:
This bug affects X people. Does this bug affect you? - Select "Yes".


PC Pentium 4 on an HP pavilion. Any help?

I am not an expert, but the lightest version of Ubuntu is Lubuntu which uses LXDE desktop. I have installed it in some PIV without problems. I think that lastest version of Lubuntu, (13.04) is the most suitable as that Linux is designed for old PCs too.


Problem executing command from keyboard shortcuts

That was simply me making a beginner mistake in my script: I had written pulseaudio_volume > pavolume increase instead of pulseaudio_volume increase.

While the latter would merely call the script pulseaudio_volume and its method increase, the first would

  [run] pulseaudio_volume increase and write the output (if any) to the file pavolume, creating the file if it doesn't exist.

That's why I had that pavolume file created in my home directory.


aha i solved my issue ,i was printing direct from a website pdf . viewing the pdf in mozilla and trying to print direct from there,

it just printed blanks for some reason, print head didnt even move just sucked paper in and spat it back out every time. i then downloaded the pdf and opened it in document viewer and it printed fine, have you tried downloading adobe reader for ubuntu http://get.adobe.com/reader/otherversions/ if it is a similar issue to me it might not be your printer but the program you are viewing the pdf in, sorry i'm not more helpful


After upgrading to 12.04 from 10.10 my mythbuntu standard MCEUSB remote no longer works

OK, for me I found that editing the .mythtv/lircrc file was the answer. I had to append a "key_" in front of all the button = keyname lines.

e.g button = Up becomes button = key_Up

hope that helps.


How do I build mongodb with SSL support on saucy?

As the question mentioned, the directions to build mongo on 10gen's website aren't quite correct for newer versions of Ubuntu, and leave out details about SSL.

Here's what you do:

sudo apt-get install -y git-core build-essential scons libssl-dev libboost-filesystem-dev libboost-program-options-dev libboost-system-dev libboost-thread-dev
git clone git://github.com/mongodb/mongo.git
cd mongo
git checkout r2.4.8

Obviously, replace the version here with whatever version you desire.

Be aware, there is a bug with the build of mongo, where it doesn't play happily with gcc 4.8 (which is what is in Saucy), see the bug report here - http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=701324.

Luckily, in the bug report there is also a patch to fix it, so you need to apply that (it's just two lines): http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?msg=14;filename=0008-ignore-unused-local-typedefs.patch;att=1;bug=701324

Now you can do the rest:

cd src
scons --ssl all
sudo scons --ssl --prefix=/opt/mongo install

That's it. The build and install take a LONG time... approximately 30 minutes and 15 minutes respectively on my Haswell quad core i7 w/ SSD, so make sure you have something else to do while it chugs along in the background.


Can I get visual feedback from copying wth Ctrl+C?

I adapted my script to react on clipboard changes from here so that it shows a native notification bubble whenever you copy something:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

# Configuration:
APPNAME = "Clipboard Notifier"  # an arbitrary application name
TITLE = "Clipboard modified"    # the bold headline of each notification
ICON = "edit-paste"             # name of the icon to show
MAXLENGTH = 100                 # maximum message length

# Imports:
import gi
import signal
import notify2
gi.require_version("Gtk", "3.0")
from gi.repository import Gtk, Gdk

# Set up signal handler for killing the script with Ctrl+C from terminal:
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_DFL)

# Initialize the notifications library:
notify2.init(APPNAME)

# Callback function to handle clipboard modification events:
def callback(*args):
    # Get new clipboard content:
    text = clip.wait_for_text()
    # Truncate long content to avoid huge notification bubbles:
    body = text if len(text) < MAXLENGTH else text[:MAXLENGTH] + "..."
    # Create and show notification bubble:
    notify2.Notification(TITLE, body, ICON).show()

# Set up clipboard and register callback for change events
clip = Gtk.Clipboard.get(Gdk.SELECTION_CLIPBOARD)
clip.connect("owner-change", callback)

# Start Gtk main loop and wait for events:
Gtk.main()

Save that somewhere (e.g. as /usr/local/bin/clipboard-notifier - you need sudo to be allowed to write in that location though, alternatively put it in ~/bin) and make it executable using the command chmod +x FILENAME.

My script uses the Python 3 package notify2 to display the native notification bubbles. This package is normally not installed by default, you have to add it first with the command below:

sudo apt install python3-notify2

If you want, you can modify the values of the capitalized variables near the beginning of the script to your needs, especially TITLE and MAXLENGTH might be useful to change.

Then simply add it to your startup applications and it will launch automatically when you log in the next time. You can also launch the script manually from e.g. the Alt+F2 HUD in Unity.


Why can't I update to Gnome 3.22 in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS?

Because the package maintainers aren't prepared to do the work of preparing all the packages for each gnome release for 16.04.  (It's a lot of boring mostly thankless work)

Sadly, the Ubuntu Gnome distribution doesn't release at a later time than Ubuntu Unity distribution.  (Huge fail in my opinion.)

I wish there were PPAs for Gnome releases and we could select whichever gnome release PPA we want (maintained by the gnome group).

Would you all be willing to make financial contribution towards the packaging of Gnome 3.22 for 16.04?  If enough of us got together financially, perhaps we could get them to do the work.


Why there is && after some function definitions in bash completion file?

Bash Reference Manual tells

  The exit status of a function definition is zero unless a syntax error occurs or a readonly function with the same name already exists. When executed, the exit status of a function is the exit status of the last command executed in the body.

Syntax error may terminate script execution before the complete -Fcommand, so the command following the function declaration may not be executed anyway, but if a readonly function with same name is declared before sourcing the file containing the function, it may not terminate execution. To prevent a wrong bash completion function from being called, such a logical AND test is used.


Problem with php_pdo_oci installation on Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS

I believe i handled it myself. There were two things that i needed to change.
1. pdo_oci.so was being loaded before pdo.so. I changed the order and the error message has been modified.
2. I compiled pdo_oci directly from the source code for my version of php (I followed instructions on: http://blog.appwhoosh.com/install-pdo_oci-oci8-extensions-for-ubuntu-14-10/).
Now the extension works perfectly.


How can I set path so it can be read from GUI and command line by the same program?

Firstly, note that if you want ~/.profile to be read, you'll need to remove ~/.bash_profile, otherwise ~/.profile will be ignored by Bash.

You are actually overcomplicating this a bit. PATH is set in /etc/environment. It is always exported already, so it does not need to be exported again.

If you make changes to your PATH in ~/.profile they will be inherited by every shell, whether it is a login shell, interactive or otherwise.

Other variables exported in ~/.profile will also be passed into the environment, and will be available in every shell. ~/.profile is read once when you log in to your session, and exported variables stay exported.

Sourcing ~/.profile in ~/.bashrc is a bad idea. ~/.profile sources ~/.bashrc so you will get an infinite loop. Even if ~/.profile does not source ~/.bashrc it is a bad idea to have ~/.bashrc source ~/.profile or any other file with assignments like

PATH=$PATH:/some/other/place

because every time an interactive shell starts another interactive shell the PATH will get extended... you'll end up with your PATH being

/original/path:/some/other/place:/some/other/place:/some/other/place

etc.

Your MANPATH assignment does not need to include $MANPATH but it should start with a leading colon. Please see this question and its answer. By default MANPATH is unset and the correct path is dynamically determined (in some way I don't understand), so including the existing MANPATH does nothing. You may need to start the MANPATH assignment with a colon to avoid preventing the path being determined dynamically. As far as I know, the same goes for INFOPATH

Therefore, I suggest:

Rename ~/.bash_profile ~/.profile

Add the lines:

PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/texlive/2018/bin/x86_64-linux"
export MANPATH=":/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/doc/man"
export INFOPATH=":/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/doc/info"

Notes that I have appended to the PATH rather than prepending. You can prepend (put $PATH at the end instead of the beginning) if you want to. The first executable found in path lookup is run, so if two programs in different PATH locations have the same name, the one in the directory that comes first (further to the left) in PATH will be run.

Do not add anything to your ~/.bashrc. Environment variables modified, or new variables exported in ~/.profile will be available to every shell and don't need to be additionally set elsewhere.

Also note that you should not source /etc/bash.bashrc in ~/.bashrc, because /etc/bash.bashrc is already sourced by every interactive shell first*, and we use ~/.bashrc to make subsequent adjustments.

*An exception - /etc/bash/bashrc checks that the shell is interactive using an unreliable method - it checks that PS1 is set. If you start a shell unsetting PS1, /etc/bash.bashrc will not be sourced, even though the shell is interactive. Another exception is when the shell is started with --norc, but that's more obvious.


How can I install OpenJDK on Ubuntu 16.04?

had the same problem too.. but i solved it with these commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:openjdk-r/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre


apt upgrade breaks a manually installed nvidia driver

The full text for pinning a package at a specific level can be found here: help.ubuntu.com/community/Pinning

To find out the Nvidia packages installed (on my system) I did this:

rick@dell:/boot/grub$ sudo apt list nv* | grep install

WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.

nvidia-367/xenial,now 367.44-0ubuntu0~gpu16.04.1 amd64 [installed]
nvidia-opencl-icd-367/xenial,now 367.44-0ubuntu0~gpu16.04.1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-prime/xenial,xenial,now 0.8.2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-settings/xenial,now 370.28-0ubuntu0~gpu16.04.1 amd64 [installed]

To freeze the package at current level (Pin it) type the following:

root@dell:/boot/grub$ sudo -i
root@dell:~# echo nvidia-367 hold | dpkg --set-selections
root@dell:~# echo nvidia-opencl-icd-367 hold | dpkg --set-selections
root@dell:~# echo nvidia-prime hold | dpkg --set-selections
root@dell:~# echo nvidia-settings hold | dpkg --set-selections
root@dell:~# exit

Unfreezing or reversing the holds is the same but instead of hold use unhold.


Gnome extensions notification since 18.04

What are these extensions for?

To extend funtionality of your desktop

  Are they extensions for the browser?

No.

  I've been receiving a "gnome extensions" notification.

You get these because you have 3 of them active. Probably means it is telling you you need to update them since you probably are using the 16.04 versions.

  How can I disable this particular notification ... if I decide not to install these extensions?

You can disable the notifications in "settings" on all or on individual options.


OpenJDK 6 is still in Ubuntu Trusty :

http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=openjdk

If you have a reasonably powerful computer you could consider using Qemu/KVM or VirtualBox and install Ubuntu Trusty (14.04) as a guest VM.
That would be the most clean solution in my opinion.

There's also a ppa for OpenJDK 6 which might or might not work in your Xenial install by editing the downloaded sources list file (Changing xenial into trusty) :

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/openjdk-6

In the latter case I recommend to remove the OpenJDK-8 first.


The warnings you have when running gradle command are due to some groovy issue with JDK 9 or later, as described here.
If these warnings are a problem for you, you can use the described workaround to make them disapear:

You can add the following arguments to java bootstrap script or JAVA_OPTS to suppress this warning:
--add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.lang.invoke=ALL-UNNAMED

Now about gradlew.
Gradlew is a wrapper around gradle. It is bound to a project, not to your workstation. In other words, each gradle project you develop could have a graddle wrapper coming with it.
The purpose of gradlew is to make the project portable (i.e. developers don't need to install gradle on their workstation) and reliable (i.e. same version of gradle for everyone).
The wrapper script will download the specified version of gradle for your project, then run it. This is all described in their documentation.
What you have done in your case is installing gradle on your workstation, globally. the gradle installation doesn't come with gradlew, as gradlew needs to be added to every gradle project of your choice, as described here. You simply have to run the following command in your project:
gradle wrapper

This will create the wrapper script for your gradle project. Obviously you need gradle to be installed to run this command (you installed it already), but if you commit the result and share it with other developers, they can use the gradlew script without installing gradle.
In your case, you end up with two possibilities:

run gradle commands in your project, like gradle clean. You can do this because you manually installed gradle globally
run gradlew commands in your project, like gradlew clean. You can do this because you created the wrapper script with gradle wrapper in the first place.

Both should give the same result if the gradle version is the same.


How can I clean up the traces left by a trial antivirus program I uninstalled?

Try running

sudo apt-get clean

sudo apt-get autoremove

from terminal

These will clear caches and remove programs and files that aren't used/needed anymore.

To remove personal information regarding the application, you would need to check in your /home

Run nautilus and enable hidden folders

Ctrl +h


Is it safe to remove all the ppa's not checked in other software?

If asked, I'll revert that to a comment since it is a very general answer to a very general question:

Safe is a relative term that depends on user's needs. Overall you may remove all the repositories your machine knows about (even official OS ones) by any means if you are not planning on using them at all, and add them in the future if you need something from them.
But I would suggest to keep the official OS ones.

The action of Adding or removing a repo does not damage your system itself, but the action of installing something from it may affect it if you're not sure what the package does to it.


You should make sure that Java plugin works in your browser. You can test it by going to this link https://www.java.com/verify/


Cannot bootstrap on MAAS due to invalid information for a node

Yes, this is a known issue - https://bugs.launchpad.net/juju-core/+bug/1427814
The missing information is not critical for Juju and it shouldn't abort bootstrapping when this happens. We're planning on resolving this issue for the 15.05 release.

You could try recommissioning the node in question (node-b011e814-c03b-11e4-a4c1-000c29d325ab) from the MAAS web UI and it should solve your problem.


Monitor Resolution Changes after Login (Lower than Optimal)

Instead of running this command at log in or through your short cut you may want to take a look at you monitors.xml file.

Open up a terminal (ctrl+alt+t)
Go to your config folder (cd ~/.config)
Open up your file for editing (gedit monitors.xml)
Your resolution will be listed here as <width> and <height>
Change them to <width>1366</width> and `768

You can find a more detailed description here... Ubuntu 11.10 dual monitor set up instructions


Install ubuntu 14.04 and windows 8 in different hard drives

Test this:

Insert the second hdd.

Check it is /dev/sdb and Ubuntu hdd is /dev/sda.

If not so, change the ide/sata wires.

Disconnect Ubuntu hdd.

Install Windows.

Connect Ubuntu hdd.

Boot Ubuntu.

Open a terminal.

And run:

sudo -i
update-grub

Windows should enter the Grub menu.


Updating to/installing Ubuntu 12.04 from 11.10

sudo do-release-upgrade

to run an upgrade to the next version.


Clementine didn't run and not showing icon

If you have used sudo apt install clementine, you did not install from snap but from Ubuntu repositories.

The correct command for snap is snap install clementine

I've tried with snap install on my Xubuntu and got an error similar to yours so the available snap might encounter an issue right now. So you probably indeed installed from snap.

You can uninstall Clementine for now and retry later:

snap remove clementine

And/or you can install the version from Ubuntu repositories with the command you gave:

sudo apt install clementine

This version works for me.


How to get Touchpad settings retained after boot

You have two instances of syndaemon running. That can cause cursor lockups, etc.

One of the instances could be started by checking "Disable while typing" in system settings. You need to disable it if you use another command.


How to find docs for apt installed packages

That's one of the beauties with FOSS. There isn't a central documentation for every piece of software (that is if the documentation exists in the first place).

Normally when looking for documentation, people rely on the man pages, info and, if the application is a GUI, the yelp help files. That's normally with applications that users can interact with/configure/use directly (the frontend). This includes the .conf files, and almost any text configuration file. Then some applications don't do this and rely on the --help switch. Ubuntu (and Debian) has a policy for software documentation, that all documentation gets dumped in /usr/share/doc/packagename:

ls -l /usr/share/doc/ | grep <package_name>

So, for the specific case of libraries, some of them includes -doc:

  libetsf-io-doc - Developer documentation API and tutorials for ETSF_IO

Or in the specific case of your package libaccounts-glib0:

  libaccounts-glib-doc - library for single signon - documentation

For finding this documentation you have to look for the source package libaccounts-glib.

Then, there are some packages that don't include the documentation in the repositories for legal reasons, or just don't have any.

In any case, for finding any documentation, you should look for the -doc of the packages, that normally are suggested (like ntp suggest ntp-doc), or look for the content of a specific packages to see if it includes some info, man or README file:

dpkg -L <package> | grep -P '/man|info|README|doc/'


Dolphin "Could not change permissions for" popup on copy for FreeNAS nfs4

It was a bug in Dolphin and issue got fixed in newer version


Need a translator software application (without internet connection) that can tranlate english to hindi & vice versa

Then you need a human being. Automated translation is new and not very reliable, and currently it needs large databases stored on remote servers to compare the text being translated with huge banks of similar text. This is not something a free standalone app can do.


I have XP on one partition and Windows 7 on another. How do I install Ubuntu on a separate partition?

during installation you will be asked what partition to install onto.

assuming that all partitions are formatted with some filesystem, i suggest you delete the filesystem from windows partition E (numbering works differently under linux). that way it will be marked as free space and it will be easier to select it during installation.


No, this cannot be done with Cinnamon, at least not without a great amount of coding.

Cinnamon is a completely different desktop manager than Unity. A feature of Unity is that the application menu is included into the Panel. Cinnamon does not provide this feature. In Cinnamon, the Panel acts like the Panel in e.g. Windows 7.


Partition hardware as windows when installing ubuntu

I believe that I understand what you want, and here is what I think.
If you want to keep data after uninstalling ubuntu and reinstalling windows, there is a nice program you can get from apt in a live cd named Os Uninstaller, this program, once you've installed it removes operating system partitions for you, but, it creates a small partition named files, which acts as like a purgatory for the files, where it's your choice whether to move them and delete the so-called "purgatory partition" or to simply format the partition into your main, say - windows partition. then you can keep all the files you had with ubuntu, yet not have the operating system. I hope this answered the question you did have.


Is it safe to do-release-upgrade from 12.04.4 to 14.04.1?

I just upgraded from 12.04

If you really want to be certain.  Install 14.04 in a virtualbox and then install all the normal software you use to try it out first.

Here're the problems I had when upgrading...

One annoying problem is the "diskfilter writes are not supported" message, it can brick a remote server.  But it may not affect you if you don't use LVM/raid.  You'll need to plug in a monitor and keyboard and press enter to continue...
Diskfilter writes are not supported > What triggers this error?
All the files in  /etc/apache2/sites-enabled
need to end in .conf now.  And there're various apache 2.2 to 2.4 changes.  Options now need a + sign, and changing allow/deny to require in all the configs.
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/upgrading.html
With any upgrade, manually installed programs/modules may need to be recompiled.  And if you're using an old project that hasn't been updated for a while it may not compile.  Best to test that first.


Wubi installation creates equal size separate virtual disks for root and usr

FAT32 file systems have an upper limit on the file size. It's 4GB. That's why Wubi splits the install into separate 4GB .disk files. The maximum install is 12GB with separate root.disk, usr.disk and home.disk.

However, a 4GB limit on /usr is pretty much useless these days.

My advice - reformat the partition as NTFS and then install whatever size you want (up to 30GB). Or better, if you're already formatting a partition - use it for a normal dual boot and drop Wubi.


pgadmin III doesn't work due to "The server lacks instrumentation functions."

I believe the package which needs to be installed is called postgresql-contrib. Install it with

sudo apt-get install postgresql-contrib


I upgraded from 11.10 to 12.04, and now my /home folders are empty

Open up terminal
type

cd /home/

ls -lFa

If something is hidden,  -lFa option will display everything.

OR

Check /etc/passwd file by

cat /etc/passwd

find the line of your user name.
In the same line of your user name, It will show /home/something that's the place your previous stuff is located.

Open up nautilus (File Manager)
press

CTRL + L

type the location you found in /etc/passwd file

Ex

/home/previoisusername


Files/Directories created with no permissions on NFS mount

By changing my client's user's uid to match the uid of the user on the server, everything worked perfectly. Follow this guide to change uid of a user: How can I change my own user ID?


as far as I know HOME folder consists of private information of a user. sometimes Its a good idea to have but not every time regarding a common Home folder partition.

Because Different versions of Ubuntu you'd like to use. They will consists of different configuration files and they may conflict with each other If you are supposed to use both of them for different purposes.

I found something for you , actually its not exactly what you have asked but its worth reading Multiple Users, Single Workstation, 1 home folder (Can this be achieved, if so how?)


manipulate string that is streamed into a file using bash

You can do it all with printf and brace expansion:

$ printf 'My string %02d\n' {0..5} > outfile.txt

$ cat outfile.txt
My string 00
My string 01
My string 02
My string 03
My string 04
My string 05

If for some reason you must generate the input sequence with more padding than you really want, printf will reformat it for you:

$ printf 'My string %02d\n' $(seq -f "%05g" 00 05)
My string 00
My string 01
My string 02
My string 03
My string 04
My string 05


Connect Android device to Android studio in Ubuntu

I don't think editing 51-android.rules file is important. Before connecting your device into Android Studio you need to enable USB Debugging. And if you're a Redmi user, you need to enable an extra setting called Install via USB in Developer Options. (I am a Redmi user too :))

To enable USB debugging goto Settings - About Phone - and tap 7 times continuously on MIUI version. Now you get a message "You're now developer". If you've already enabled it, you'll get "No need you already developer".

After that goto Settings - Additional Settings - Developer Options - and enable USB debugging also Install via USB

But, you may face a weird problem like "The device is temporarily restricted" while enabling Install via USB. To resolve this problem please check this StackOverflow thread: Install app via usb: The device is temporarily restricted

Now you're good to connect your device with Android Studio.


can I format a disk under existing window 8 and install ubuntu?

When you choose to install Ubuntu it should ask you how you want to install it, and one of the options is 'alongside Windows'. It should give you the option to choose a partition and resize it if you like.


Ubuntu Live Flash Drive not booting anymore

I managed to solve my problem, took various steps, not shure which one of them (maybe all) led to success, so i'll write a few things i did here:

Try Connecting and Disconnecting your pendrive while in the bios/uefi and try boot and reboot.
If your pendrive stops being visible at the BIOS (or he already is) turn off your computer completely and disconnect it from power supply. Hold power button for about 5 seconds and then plug in the pen drive. Turn on the computer. (There might me some residual charges in your motherboard's pen drive port, so this proccess actually eliminates it, sounds crazy but i think it helped me).
Enter the BIOS again and choose your pen drive on hard disk priority.

These steps worked for me. Hope they help somebody in the future as well. I'll leave the question open in case somebody comes with a better explanation than mine (i'm pretty shure that it exists). Thank you all.


no module name "_ctypes" when trying to pip install

The issue is likely a missing installation of libffi-dev which can be installed with:
sudo apt install libffi-dev

Note: You may need to uninstall and re-install python to get this to work. In my case, It would not stick until I re-installed.


Update information outdated, "Failed to fetch cdrom"

Your update settings have your cdrom files enabled.  So every time it tries and updates it automatically looks for those files, which by definition are outdated.  Just unselect those cdrom option and sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade  should run normally.


Maximum terminal resolution in ubuntu server virtual box guest

The answer I found was a combination of How do I increase console-mode resolution? and How to use ubuntu server full screen in virtualbox? The former provided information for changing grub's display resolution, and the latter assisted me in diagnosing why the former wasn't resulting in any resolution change.

Combining the two answers:

Identify the resolution that your VirtualBox environment supports. Reboot the system and keep the Shift key till the grub windows appears then hit c. This will drop you into the grub console. Enter the commend vbeinfo to see a list of resolutions. Select the resolution that works for you (in my case, 1152x864x32).
Edit /etc/default/grub to modify/create a line GRUB_GFXMODE=1152x864x32 (where you replace the resolution with the one appropriate for your environment).
Edit /etc/grub.d/00_header to modify the line

if [ "x${GRUB_GFXMODE}" = "x" ] ; then GRUB_GFXMODE=auto ; fi

to

if [ "x${GRUB_GFXMODE}" = "x" ] ; then GRUB_GFXMODE=1152x864x32 ; fi

(again, replacing the resolution)
Update grub and reboot: update-grub2 && shutdown -r now

Grub should boot at the new, higher resolution, and then that resolution should continue through after you are logged in.


Does LiveUSB work on computer with different processor?

AMD64 is the official name of x86_64 because it was created by the company AMD. Intel tried to get the marketplace to move to an incompatible IA64 and failed; the marketplace wanted to run 32bit software on their 64bit processors and went with AMD64.

AMD64 works with Intel or AMD brand cpus (if you bought intel - a tiny fraction went in licensing fees to AMD).

If your cpu is ARM architecture, the NO the AMD64 ISO won't boot, likewise if your box is s390, ppc, ppc64el, IA64 or any other architecture it likewise won't boot.

AMD64 won't boot on i686 cpus, you'll get a message like "This kernel requires an x86-64 CPU, but only detected an i686 CPU".

The linux kernel treats i386, i486, i586 & i686 as upgrades of the same architecture; but Debian (and thus Ubuntu) call all of these architectures just i386, thus any x86 (32-bit) ISO will have i386 in it's name.


Automatic screen lock on startup is blocked by an application

If it works from the CLI, then this is probably a race condition, so you could try putting a sleep in front of the command.
I'd try sleep 60;gnome-screensaver-command -l to start with, to make sure that the login processes have all completed. If that works then you can try sleep 1, and then experiment to find a trade off between it working and speed of lock.


Unable to uninstall snapd 2.34.2 in 16.04

Try this solution:

sudo apt purge snapd ubuntu-core-launcher squashfs-tools

Found here.


hostname -I

This will give you just ip address without any extra information.


/usr/bin/env: ‘python’: No such file or directory

For ubuntu 20.04 you can use following package to python command. And it is python 3.

sudo apt-get install python-is-python3


I suspect this is a problem with your VPS.  Who is your provider?  What is the underlying technology?

I bet Byobu doesn't have write access to /dev/shm.  Try setting the environment variable to somewhere you can write, like this:

$ export BYOBU_RUN_DIR=$HOME/.byobu/run/
$ byobu

Full disclosure: I am the author and maintainer of Byobu.


How large is the storage space of ubuntu 1 free? (How many GB do I have)?

Ubuntu One has right now a 5GB Storage for Free (After you register).

When registering you will also have the possibility to choose between other non-free storage options, like 20GB for Music streaming.

There is also an Invite Friends Get More Space! idea available. So 5GB is not the limit.

I enjoy Ubuntu One since it saves many home folder files so when I format/install from scratch I can just update them from the Ubuntu One directly.


Attempting to install PHP 5.6 on Ubuntu 14.04

Since your looking for an older php version you will need to compile it yourself, and here are the steps:

Remove all installed php versions:

use:

sudo add-apt-repository -r repository_name
sudo apt update
sudo apt dist-upgrade

Download the version you want from here
To avoid compilation errors install dependencies:

apt-get install libfcgi-dev libfcgi0ldbl libjpeg62-dbg libmcrypt-dev libssl-dev libbz2-dev libjpeg-dev \
libfreetype6-dev libpng12-dev libxpm-dev libxml2-dev libpcre3-dev  libbz2-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev \
libjpeg-dev libpng12-dev libxpm-dev libfreetype6-dev libmysqlclient-dev libt1-dev libgd2-xpm-dev \
libgmp-dev libsasl2-dev libmhash-dev unixodbc-dev freetds-dev libpspell-dev libsnmp-dev libtidy-dev \
libxslt1-dev libmcrypt-dev libdb5.3-dev

Create a directory for building:

mkdir -p /opt/build

Extract the download to the created directory:

tar -xvjpf /path/to/download/location -C /opt/build

Move into folder:

cd /opt/build/

Now configure it to suit your needs, here is an example configuration:

./configure \
--enable-fpm \
--with-mcrypt \
--enable-mbstring \
--with-openssl \
--with-mysql \
--with-mysql-sock \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib \
--enable-gd-native-ttf  \
--with-pdo-mysql \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr/lib \
--with-mysqli=/usr/bin/mysql_config \
--with-curl \
--enable-zip  \
--enable-sockets \
--with-zlib \
--enable-exif \
--enable-ftp \
--with-iconv \
--with-gettext \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--with-t1lib=/usr \
--with-freetype-dir=/usr \
--prefix=/opt/PHP-5.6 \
--with-config-file-path=/opt/PHP-5.6/etc \
--with-fpm-user=www-data \
--with-fpm-group=www-data

Run the following commands:

make
make test

Then install if all goes well:

make install

Confirm install:

/opt/PHP-5.6/bin/php -v

Add the php location to your .bashrc file:

export PATH=/opt/PHP-5.6/bin:$PATH

Note:

You will have to manually update your php install when you need to.
    -


How to install libgdal1 1.9.1 in Ubuntu 12.04?

To enable packages not in the standard repos you are going to need to use PPAs

These 2 appear to fit the bill.

https://launchpad.net/~mms-prodeia/+archive/qlandkarte

https://launchpad.net/~ubuntugis/+archive/ubuntugis-unstable

Please note the description of the second -

  These releases are more bleeding edge and while generally they should
  work well, they dont receive the same amount of quality assurance as
  our stable releases do.

In fact - with any PPA you need to be aware that it is not official, this answer has more detail - https://askubuntu.com/a/35636/2018

To install from a terminal

Ctrl+Shift+T

Then run these one at a time - follow the instructions

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mms-prodeia/qlandkarte
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntugis/ubuntugis-unstable

You should then be able to install (or update) qlandkarte

You can also add them into software sources from a GUI

https://askubuntu.com/a/36487/2018


to clone a filesystem from a remote system to a local HD

I suggest using rsync, which can operate over ssh.

rsync -cavz user@remote_host:/remote/path /local/destination

(rsync must be installed on both sides)

rsync is designed to transfer directories from one machine to another using as little bandwidth as possible.  By default, it only transfers the deltas between the source and destination.

The options above (-cavz) are the ones I normally use, and tell it to
(-c) check checksums; (-a) preserve permissions, timestamps, symlinks, etc.; (-v) be verbose; and (-z) compress the transferred data.


How to file a bug against the deb file format?

You need to submit a Debian Enhancement Proposal, to propose said enhancement to dpkg. For example, the autopkgtests support is via DEP-8.


Will developers be able to use ruby or python for apps on ubuntu mobile?

Python and Ubuntu are a couple made in heaven, they'll always be together!

Jokes apart, you'll always be able to use python or ruby for developing apps for Ubuntu on phones. Apart from these two, I am not sure whether other programming languages are supported.

You may want to look at this question too:

Can I develop apps in python for Ubuntu on phones


How to insert countdown into a video file

I have a simple answer and I hope it will help you . You can use kdenlive !
after running it go to
project>Generators>Countdown.
You can simply type your time and font and it will generate it for you .
nice time :)


Cannot install guest additions in Ubuntu 13.04 on VBox 4.2.12

Open up a terminal and cd to the directory where VBoxLinuxAdditions.run is located

example: cd /media/user1/VBOXADDITIONS_4.2.12_84980/

And run the command below

sudo sh ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run


You can try this mate -
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1978290

Good luck! :)


Lenovo TP X230 + Series 3 Docking - Toggle between DVI and DP working?

In the end, it only allows two displays. Three aren't possible due to Intel graphics restrictions, although the sum of the displays are not higher than the allowed resolution at least here.


You can add undetected resolutions.

Press Ctrl + Alt + T. In the terminal run

xrandr
Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1366 x 768, maximum 8192 x 8192
LVDS1 connected 1366x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 309mm x 174mm
    1366x768       60.0*+   50.0
    1360x768       59.8     60.0
    1024x768       60.0
    800x600        60.3     56.2
    640x480        59.9
VGA1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
HDMI1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)

Note LVDS1 in the output. That's the mode in this case; yours might be different. I'll refer to it as <mode>.

Now create modeline for your resolution. You want 16:9 -> 1366x768 at 60Hz. Run

cvt 1366 768 60
# 1368x768 59.88 Hz (CVT) hsync: 47.79 kHz; pclk: 85.25 MHz
Modeline "1368x768_60.00"   85.25  1368 1440 1576 1784  768 771 781 798 -hsync +vsync

I'll refer to everything after the word "Modeline" as <modeline>

Now create the new mode with the modeline from the previous command. Run

xrandr --newmode <modeline>

Now add the mode (see xrandr command above). Run

xrandr --addmode <mode> 1366x768

Finally switch to it. Run

sudo xrandr --output <mode> --mode 1366x768


user in 'www-data' is unable to mkdir in Apache2 with Composer

Being a group member doesn't automatically grant a user write permissions. Every file has a set of permissions in linux which permit / restrict reading/writing/execution for the file owner, members of the owning group and others.

You should check the permissions of a file like this

root@sergey-mint:~# ls -l /var/run/rsyslogd.pid
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3 Sep 28 14:54 /var/run/rsyslogd.pid

pay attention to -rw-r--r--, it shows that the owner has read/write permissions, members of the owning group have only read permission and all others have only read permission.

In your case you have a directory which is a little different, but, nonetheless, is a file. You can check directory permissions by adding -d flag to ls like this

ls -ld /var/www/html

to be able to write there with your magneto_user you should make sure the group owners have read, write and execute permissions. To do that run the following command chmod g+rwx /var/www/html


I am not able to switch on -off my ASUS ROG G531D Backlite

I think you're going to need to provide more info for your particular situation.  In my situation I have a dual boot system that started life as a Windows 10 machine.  Before I could set up the dual boot I went into the Windows 10 set up provided by Asus as this contained the "eSupport" drive which contained all the drivers provided for by Asus.  I copied this to my oneDrive then proceeded to the set the dual boot system.  Once Windows 10 and Ubuntu 20.04 were installed I went into Windows 10 and installed the drivers from "eSupport".  I also had to download the AuraService from Asus which is the driver to control the keyboard backlighting.

I have an Asus G703GS.

I don't think the Asus drivers run on Linux, but I could be wrong.

That was my situation, you'll probably have to provide more for your situation.


Generally speaking, updates should provide improvements. I don't think it's recommended to put security updates on hold, for instance. And security updates should rarely cause any problems to the system. If updates of normal packages are causing you problems, I would guess that your system is instable in some way.

However, you can chose what type of updates you want to receive. Start Update Manager, hit the Settings button down in the left corner. This should take you to the Updates tab in Software Sources. Untick the checkboxes for the kind of updates you do not want Update Manager to present to you. It's highly recommended to keep security updates though.


Installing Ubuntu 12.04 on a laptop with a external display only

You could try installing Ubuntu via a different method.

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/alternative-downloads

I'd suggest the network installer though I personally haven't tried it so far. Another option is the alternate CD. (If I recall correctly, it's only available for Lubuntu, but I've used it to install a system with KDE recently.)

I can't comment yet, so I'm kinda guessing here: You used a live CD or a live USB stick which booted alright to the desktop using the TV as a monitor. As soon as you clicked on the Install icon the TV went black?


Formatting get lost when closing the document

The file is currently just in plain text, and should not have been named with the .odt extension.

To fix this, go to File -> Save As.  In the Save As Type drop down list, select ODF Text Document (.odt) (*.odt).  Then press Save.  When asked, press Yes to confirm overwriting the file.


Installing Nvidia drivers on Ubuntu 12.04

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia

If you have 32-bit applications like Wine

sudo apt-get install virtualgl-libs:i386

Reboot or re-login to apply the group changes
If you'd like to run a program on the nvidia card now, use the optirun program:

optirun firefox &


Why is my system connected to an Amazon AWS server?

Since you asked, personally, I would be paranoid and block it with iptables and keep and eye out for its re-appearance. And of course be aware if it impacts any service necessary to operating your system. If so, please report it back here. These days, if you're not paranoid, you're crazy.
Use the hint in the notes above to determine what apps are involved to get started in your investigation.
In fact, I found this question while searching for "dogfish routing" because I have found questionable traffic coming from another netblock 54.64.0.0/13 AMAZON-2011L that contains the same string.
see also: Why Lubuntu 18.04 calls Amazon servers? (motd.ubuntu.com)


Trying to install Ubuntu 14.04, monitor says mode unsupported/out of range

During installation as soon as the computer starts to boot continually tap any key until you see this screen,  then choose nomodeset, the Ubuntu install cd should now boot to the desktop.

After you install Ubuntu follow the directions below to set the resolution permanently on your installed Ubuntu desktop.

If you do not press any keys when the computer is booting up it should load Ubuntu, this is if Ubuntu is already installed, but this may take a couple of minutes, then you can do the following.

If it is only happening in GRUB and you can boot into Ubuntu then please do this:

sudo apt-get install gksu

Then:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

and change this line:

#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480

to this:

GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480

Then save and exit the document.

Then do:

sudo update-grub

If after you install Ubuntu it will not boot to the desktop Hold down (right) SHIFT to display the menu during boot. In certain cases, pressing the ESC key may also display the menu you will get this screen  then press the e key and go down to the line that starts with linux /bootvmlinuz after the words quite splash add nomodeset, then press F10 to boot.

After you boot if you had out of range issue's still follow the directions above for making the changes permanent in an installed Ubuntu desktop.


How to make apt:// urls to open with Gdebi or apturl?

Gdebi doesn't have functionality of opening apt: links, however apturl does.There is a way to set default application for x-scheme-handler links with xdg-mime command.

First make sure apturl is installed on your system,

sudo apt-get install apturl

Latest version of chromium already uses xdg-open for any x-scheme-handler links.To configure xdg-open with apturl , go through following steps:

Make sure they are all set correctly:

Hit Alt+F2
Enter gconf-editor
Navigate to the /desktop/gnome/url-handlers/apt/command, it should be set to apturl "%s".

Now set apturl default for any apt links:

xdg-mime default apturl.desktop x-scheme-handler/apt

It will set apturl as default application for apt links.You can check it by running xdg-mime query default x-scheme-handler/apt in the terminal(output would be apturl.desktop)

Now whenever you click apt in chromium, it will use apturl.

DONE!!


What program will change AVI Files into files I can burn on K3B to burn dvds?

A very simple program that do the trick is DeVeDe.

To install it, you can use the version in multiverse. Notice that I think that there is some strange interaction with the normal video packages (it will unisintall things like libavutil51 to install libavutil-extra-51... it works for me, but can have collateral effects that I do not know).

It is straightforward to use.

If it happens that you have to remove it, I post here the installation log, so that if needed you can re-install the other packages.

The following extra packages will be installed:
  dvdauthor libavcodec-extra-53 libavformat-extra-53 libavutil-extra-51
  libpostproc-extra-52 libswscale-extra-2 mencoder
Suggested packages:
  mplayer-doc
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  libavcodec53 libavformat53 libavutil51 libpostproc52 libswscale2
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  devede dvdauthor libavcodec-extra-53 libavformat-extra-53 libavutil-extra-51
  libpostproc-extra-52 libswscale-extra-2 mencoder
0 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 5 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 6,391 kB of archives.
After this operation, 7,455 kB of additional disk space will be used.


How to compile Ubuntu 16.04 kernel with zfs module

I would recommend the following:

Install the necessary tools and dependencies:

sudo apt-get install build-essential git
sudo apt-get build-dep linux-image-$(uname -r)

clone the Xenial Ubuntu linux 4.4 kernel:

git clone https://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/xenial

and build the kernel:

cd xenial
sudo apt-get install kernel-wedge
fakeroot debian/rules clean
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev ncurses-dev xz-utils kernel-package
debian/rules build
faketroot debian/rules binary-headers binary-generic

and you should end up with the necessary linux image and headers


Software for making mosaic image from a collection of images

A very nice program for doing all sorts of photomosaics is in the repositories and is called metapixel.

Install from software-center or open terminal and run

sudo apt-get install metapixel

The readme is available at the github page or from /usr/share/doc/metapixel/README.gz when it is installed, and it notes that

  Metapixel is a program for generating photomosaics.  It can generate
  classical photomosaics, in which the source image is viewed as a
  matrix of equally sized rectangles for each of which a matching image
  is substitued, as well as collage-style photomosaics, in which
  rectangular parts of the source image at arbitrary positions (i.e. not
  aligned to a matrix) are substituted by matching images.

The readme contains full instructions for use, but a useful youtube tutorial for Ubuntu exists, as well as a sort of online gui with which you can construct your command-lines.

Nevertheless, here's an example of how I used metapixel to create a classic photomosaic.

There is a perl script that comes with metapixel called metapixel-prepare, and this is very useful for generating the photo tiles that your mosaic image will contain.
Options can be found with metapixel-prepare --help, but basically you just have to specify your folder of pictures and your metapixel library folder.

1) This library folder needs to be created before you run the metapixel-prepare command, so run in terminal

mkdir metapixel_library

2) Then to generate the tiles from the selected folder, the minimum command would have the form:

metapixel-prepare ~/location/of/my/pictures/ ~/metapixel_library

If you wish metapixel-prepare to recurse through the folders you have to specify -r; if you want the tiles to be a specific size (other than the default 128x128), specify at the end of the command, for example, --width 80 --height 80.

As an example, the command I used was:

metapixel-prepare -r ~/Pictures/canon/metapixel ~/metapixel_library --width 80 --height 80

3) To construct your photomosaic you must specify the location of this library of tiles, specify the image to be metapixelled and designate an output file (which must be a .png file). The input jpg can be any kind of picture and any size (see note on scale below).

I used the following commands in my case:

metapixel --library ~/metapixel_library --metapixel /home/mike/Pictures/canon/2012_02_05/img_0372.jpg output.png

The full options for metapixel can be found by entering metapixel --help, and sometimes you may need to use --scale to increase the size of the output image. I didn't in the case above as my input picture was already 4000x3000.

The results will differ according to which pictures you have chosen for your library and your input picture.

The process will also take a while if you select thousands of pictures for the mosaic, and will also consume a fair bit of memory.

Below is a photomosiac created with my own photos (using the commands above):

:


Does the blocksize (bs) value in swap settings matter? If yes, is there a command to show current settings about swap block size?

According to the following link, this is the way to read the NUL bytes in /dev/zero (using blocks), only the bs x count value matters.

https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-add-a-swap-file-howto/


How can I start/stop as a service as a normal user without sudo

Edit the sudoers file with sudo visudo and add a line

USER        ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/service /usr/local/myapp *

Then you don't need to enter your password for this specific command.

Other possibility: Create a script that includes starting the service, set the suid bit for the script and make it be owned by root (sudo chown root /usr/local/bin/startMyappService).

Beware of security pitfalls! Such a file must not have write permissions to anybody! Use absolute paths. Always think twice what you are doing!


How to disable acces to subdirectories and files

Execute this command in Terminal to lock all the directories under "MyFolder" directory:

  sudo chmod 000 /home/$USER/MyFolder/*

Execute this command to unlock the sub directories:

  sudo chmod 755 /home/$USER/MyFolder/*

Note: You must only use this method to lock/unlock folders within your home directory. Do not apply this to operating system folders.


Network manager applet in Gnome 3 .1X disappears when connected to the Internet

This is not a bug. This a new feature introduced in Gnome 3.10.
The new design aims to keep the status area simple & clean.

  Wired connection is indicated, only if you get disconnected from the network.

See the design plan


How to install a version of qemu and libvirt that doesn't come with apt-get

It's probably not an issue related to the version you have/had. There's a few changes to your VM's config (xml file) you have to make to workaround nvidia's deliberate attempt to brick VM functionality on their mainstream/non workstation cards. Make sure there's no virtual display attached to the VM with the virt-manager tool, then

Shut down your vm and virt manager
Open up a command prompt and type:

sudo virsh edit vmnamehere

Replace the very first line with:

<domain type='kvm' xmlns:qemu='http://libvirt.org/schemas/domain/qemu/1.0'>

(You can find the code here: https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/HtXhxTTvjS/)
Scroll to the very end of the config file and right before </domain>, insert:

<qemu:commandline>
  <qemu:arg value='-cpu'/>
  <qemu:arg value='host,hv_time,kvm=off,hv_vendor,hv_vendor_id=null'/>
</qemu:commandline>

(You can find the code here: https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/HtXhxTTvjS/)
Save + exit whatever editor you used
Restart the virt-manager application

This works for me every time. Hope you didn't give up on this, as I see this is an old post. A good way to see if you're doing things right is to try GPU passthrough on an OS that will for sure work, like a Linux / Ubuntu / Debian VM.


Enabling Nvidia driver messes up splash screen

That is easy. First of all:

sudo apt-get install v86d hwinfo
sudo hwinfo --framebuffer

This will show you your supported resolutions. Take note.

Then:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Search for - GRUB_GFXMODE=

below this you need to type:
GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=1024x768 <- your-resolution-here

Save the file and then:

echo FRAMEBUFFER=y | sudo tee /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/splash
sudo update-grub2
sudo update-initramfs -u


How can I install make in ubuntu without internet?

It is strongly recommended to use a package manager like apt or synaptic for installing software, but you can download individual packages and install them via command line.

You can search for and download packages for your distribution and system architecture on https://packages.ubuntu.com/.

The package make for Ubuntu 16.04 is available here

Transfer the file to the computer without internet access.

Then you can install the .deb package from command line

Installing packages manually this way will not resolve dependencies, so you may be instructed to download additional packages.


Problem with help.ubuntu.com search engine

Try searching Google (or another search engine) for “preview files site:help.ubuntu.com” (without quotes). The site: search term allows you to only search one Web site. Perhaps the page you are looking for is https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/ubuntu-help/files-preview.html.en or https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/ubuntu-help/nautilus-preview.html.en. The main page for that is https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/ubuntu-help/files.html.en.


No installation candidate for "libicu52" on 15.10

you can download deb package from

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/wily/+package/libicu52

works for me.


You can save which applications are opened when you shut down, by activating this option:
Automatically remember running applications when logging out in System -> Preferences -> Startup Applications -> Options

Nevertheless, this won't remember which workspace each application was running. To do that you can use the compiz plugin "Place Window" to configure "Windows with fixed viewport" based on the application name.

  install ccsm and plugins:
  sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager python-compizconfig compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-fusion-bcop compiz-fusion-plugins-main compizconfig-backend-gconf

You must create a rule for each application, which will then open in the specified viewport (workspace) whenever you start it.

ref


Changing Default Grub Menu, Not Default OS

first off all you have to boot from Live-USB with Ubuntu OS on it.

then run this command:

 sudo apt-get purge grub grub-pc grub-common

when asked select yes.

after that install grub with this command:

 sudo apt-get install grub-common grub-pc

Ensure that you select “/dev/sda” over the “/dev/sda1″ partition.

reboot your PC and you'll get the default grub2.


What is safe to exclude for a full system backup?

When I rsync my system to a backup partition, I exclude these:

--exclude=/dev/* \
--exclude=/home/*/.gvfs \
--exclude=/home/*/.mozilla/firefox/*/Cache \
--exclude=/home/*/.cache/chromium \
--exclude=/home/*/.thumbnails \
--exclude=/media/* \
--exclude=/mnt/* \
--exclude=/proc/* \
--exclude=/sys/* \
--exclude=/tmp/* \
--exclude=/home/*/.local/share/Trash \
--exclude=/etc/fstab \
--exclude=/var/run/* \
--exclude=/var/lock/* \
--exclude=/lib/modules/*/volatile/.mounted \
--exclude=/var/cache/apt/archives/* \

This way I am able to boot into the backup partition the same way I can boot to the original one.

So to sum up, I would suggest

not excluding /{dev,proc,media,...} themselves, just their contents
excluding /var/{run,lock}, and especially the big /var/cache/apt/archives/


How do I link my internal IP to my external ip?

First, you need to register your domain (www.my-website.com) with a DNS provider that provides API access, such as Amazon Web Services (Route 53).

Then you need to have a little script on your home network that continuously checks your public IP, e.g. like the following bash command.

wget -O - -q icanhazip.com.

The script should detect if the IP has changed (different to cached value) and if so, uses the IP in an an API request to update the nameserver records.

Finally, you need to use port-forwarding on your router to route incoming requests to the static IP that you want to have handle the request, e.g. 192.168.0.1. You will also need to keep your computers private IP the same by either setting static IPs or configuring whatever is providing your DHCP service (usually your "home hub"). Unfortunately all hubs have different features so I cannot help you there. For example, my BT hub can map the port forwarding to devices based on the MAC rather than to IP's, so you can still have a dynamic static IP.

I recommend AWS purely becuase they have lots of SDKs that accommodate a variety of languages, so you are likely to find one for your preferred language, however you would need to set up an account and it's not "free as in beer".

I only just noticed you have tagged the question "minecraft", in which case I highly recommend that instead you just get a VPS as this will have a much better upload speed as well as a much more reliable internet connection. e.g. the VPS will have a static IP so you won't have any downtime whilst nameservers get updated. It is also slightly more difficult to take a minecraft server offline with a DDoS attack than a home connection, depending on the provider you go with (some even offer DDoS protection as a product, which is beyond the scope of this answer).

If however you decide to continue down the home-hosting route, you will need to forward TCP port 25565 to your private IP on your router for Minecraft unless you change the default port on your server.


You have your ports swapped. If ufw is running on the dhcpv6 server, you should allow from port 546 to port 547:

sudo ufw allow from any port 546 to any port 547 proto udp

Your rule is valid for a dhcpv6 client. Please check that IPv6=yes is in /etc/default/ufw, too. I can't remember if it's enabled by default.

Also, I suggest you configure explicit multicast IPv6 adresses (fe00::/7) instead of any:

sudo ufw allow from fe00::/7 port 546 to fe00::/7 port 547 proto udp

If your server is itself a DHCPv6 client (i.e. it gets its prefix delegation from a router), you should keep the original rule, too:

sudo ufw allow from fe00::/7 port 546 to fe00::/7 port 547 proto udp
sudo ufw allow from fe00::/7 port 547 to fe00::/7 port 546 proto udp

Remember, a DHCPv6 Client initiate the connection from port 546 to port 547 via a multicast address in the range fe00::/7.


Error with apache2 restart after sudo rm .conf file

you did not disable the site. hope this still works after you deleted it.

sudo a2dissite gs30D7.com.conf
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 force-reload

or

sudo service apache2 restart


How can a GMail file attachment of "unknown" file type be downloaded in Ubuntu Touch?

Sign in to your gmail account from the browser app (instead of gmail webapp or Dekko), you'll see an option to simply download the file (along with opening with another app).

There is a feature request at Launchpad to include an option to download arbitrary file types from the webapps.


chown: cannot access `...' : No such file or directory

Just run:

sudo chown -R mossen:mossen /opt/openfoam211/platforms/linux64GccDPOpt/lib

Enter the password and it should work.


Why am I getting this screen all of a sudden when I turn my Laptop on?

As pointed out by @kashish in the comments, this question's Answer is the solution to my problem.
Here's a summary:
fsck /dev/sda6 (where /dev/sda6 is the partition mentioned)
And enter Yes y for each error question. Or press a one time fsck -a /dev/sda6  for always-yes.
Then reboot and it should be fine.


Ubuntu DNS Error Chrome: DNS_PROBE_FINISHED_NXDOMAIN, Firefox similar

Resolved: DNS_PROBE_FINISHED_NXDOMAIN in Linux

Step 1.   Open terminal and add below command

sudo nano /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf

Step 2. Now add below line in file

supersede domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;

Now, save file

Step 3. Restart the network

sudo service network-manager restart

Refresh your page and done.


Ubuntu Saucy: What is the default console tool for parsing XML?

I don't know of a "default", but xmllint is included with the libxml2-utils package.

apt-get install libxml2-utils


Partition-size and filesystem-size are different things. In your case, the file-system is just much smaller than the partition. What you need to do, is to resize your filesystem.
In Ubuntu, you can do that with the ntfsresize-command:

First unmount the partition with sudo umount /dev/sda1.

Second run sudo ntfsresize --check /dev/sda1 to make sure the filesystem is ready to resize.

Third run sudo ntfsresize /dev/sda1 to enlarge the filesystem and fit the partition-size. This will trigger chkdsk to be run the next time you start Windows.

Last boot into Windows to run the filsystem-check.

Please take a look into man ntfsresize before doing all this.


Creating .desktop launcher with QT_SCALE_FACTOR

The correct command in  VPlay.desktop

Exec=env QT_SCALE_FACTOR=2 /home/cozza/V-PlaySDK/Tools/QtCreator/bin/qtcreator


After noticing that xfsettingsd was also constantly using cpu along with xorg I stumbled across https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/998310 which indicated that ~/.Xmodmap is the culprit.

I removed Xmodmap, rebooted and am happy to report no excessive CPU usage.


pete        ALL = ALL, !/usr/bin/passwd [A-Z][a-z]*,  /usr/bin/passwd pete

This should work. Source is the sudoers manual.


Start a web browser application with no window borders

I think you are looking for --app:

  --app=URL:              Runs URL in "app mode": with no browser toolbars.

So, chromium-browser --app=/path/to/my-file.html should be an option.

This is how it looks like:

I'm using gnome3 so window has to be decorated, but I presume there is some way for unity/kde/etc.


Update Python 3.6 package from Deadsnakes PPA

You are using the wrong ppa. The ppa has been changed from

ppa:fkrull/deadsnakes to ppa:deadsnakes/ppa

We can clearly see this if we look at the technical details of the ppa:
apt should look at

http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu ...

for available packages, not at

http://ppa.launchpad.net/fkrull/deadsnakes/ubuntu


You could remove the touchpad and then re-install.  Sometimes that fixes issues like that.

See if it's listed on xinput with

xinput list

If it is, check to see if it's enabled or not.
If it's not on the list, then uninstalling and reinstalling the drivers with apt-get seems to be the best option, given I don't know your hardware specs.

What laptop do you have, and what type of touchpad?


How open "man node" or other informational command line's output in a text editor?

man command | col -b > file.txt
should do the trick.

this saves the manpage of command to file.txt, which you can open with a text editor like gedit.

But if you have an internet connection, I would suggest an online manpage resource like Ubuntu manpages


The ~/.profile is read (and thus the PATH is set) only once during the start-up of your environment (I assume you're using Gnome here?). So your edit will be in effect when you open a terminal (because it starts a new shell instance, which reads in your ~/.profile), but for the Alt+F2 to work, your Gnome shell would need to restart. The easiest way to achieve this is to log out and then log in again.


Which of the Virtualbox services do I need?

This is what I found online
 - vboxautostart-service: manage some autostart options like configuration file, deny access to users, ...
 - vboxdrv: the only one needed if you want to run virtualbox in the traditional way!
 - vboxweb-service: needed if you want to use phpVirtualBox to access your VB machine from a remote terminal
 - vboxballoonctrl-service:

  Starting with VirtualBox 4.0.8 a new host executable called VBoxBalloonCtrl is available to automatically take care of a VM's
  configured memory balloon (see Section 4.8.1, “Memory ballooning” for
  an introduction to memory ballooning). This is especially useful for
  server environments where VMs may dynamically require more or less
  memory during runtime.

  VBoxBalloonCtrl periodically checks a VM's current memory balloon and
  its free guest RAM and automatically adjusts the current memory
  balloon by inflating or deflating it accordingly. This handling only
  applies to running VMs having recent Guest Additions installed.


Can a Bash shell option be set for a single command?

Depending on your use case, use a subshell:

(shopt -s nullglob; foo)