Why 'apt-get install' acquires /var/cache/apt/archives/lock during download

UPDATE: sorry, my fault. apt-get download package-name only download the package-name to the current directory. then it is not an answer to your question.

apt-get download is also not download the package dependencies.

an alternative to download the packages and dependencies, but not install would: sudo apt-get -d install package-name

but it also does not solve the lock problem.

I think it's not possible to run two instances of apt-get in simuntanea way

if your goal is to download the packages faster way, perhaps an option is to use apt-fast (https://github.com/ilikenwf/apt-fast) instead of apt-get (in my case, I use apt-fast because I have a very unstable internet connection)

previous response:

an option is to use apt-get download package-name to only download  the package and then run sudo apt-get install package-name to install downloaded package.

apt-get download not create a lock.

you can run simultaneously apt-get download and sudo apt-get install


Ubuntu 14.04 Display Freezes Occasionally

By any chance, are you using a touch pad? If so, changing the touch pad to work as a normal usb mouse will correct issues with a 'unresponsive screen.' Unfortunately, you will not be allowed to use the tap to click feature or scroll using the pad.


Need to clean user home folder and organize game folders (with saves, configs, etc)

I sadly don't think what you want is possible. It's the responsibility of each single application/game's developers to specify their saving locations.

If they decide to hard-code a specific folder into the application, there's no way for you to change it. (Well, if the game is open source, you could change it there and recompile it, or file an issue/feature request for the developer and wait for reactions...)

If they built in some configuration option, let it be e.g. an environment variable, a command-line argument or some in-application setting, that is then specific to this single application and you'd have to figure it out and adapt it for each manually.


can I send my gmail using mailutils from my terminal

The easiest way to send mail from terminal is to use sendemail program. Install it

sudo apt-get install sendemail

Bow you can send it by this command

sendemail -f <from_address> -t <to_address> -u "<subject>" -m "<message>" -s smtp.gmail.com:587 -o tls=yes -xu <your_gmail_address>

It will ask for password, which unfortunately will be displayed on screen.

To make it shorter to enter, you can make an alias in bashrc.

There are also very many ways to do it. I use git send-email.

You can setup mailutils to the same server.


Is it there any advantage to unticking the "Source Code" entry of a repository?

The advantage it exactly what you said, a shorter update time, and the impossibility to download source packages through

apt-get source package-name

Most users do not download and use source packages anyway. Source packages can be used for code inspection or for recompiling (modifying compilation flags and/or source code)


PYSDM missing in Ubuntu 12.10 and higher

I can't find a GUI, but I found this:

Auto Mounting HDD's

You must have all your partitions mounted.
Go to the Dash and open a Terminal.
Enter the following command:

sudo -H gedit /etc/mtab

A file will open in Gedit. Scroll to the bottom of the file and your newly mounted devices should be listed.

For example:

I looked for /dev/sda3 & /dev/sda4 and found them in these lines:

/dev/sda3 /media/my_name/Ext\040Storage\0401 ext4 rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper+udisks2 0 0
/dev/sda4 /media/my_name/Ext\040Storage\0402 ext4 rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper+udisks2 0 0

Make a note of these lines.
Open a new Terminal window.
Enter this command:

sudo gedit /etc/fstab

A file will open in Gedit called fstab. This is the config file for the auto mount.

Now scroll to the bottom of the fstab file, copy the lines that you noted and paste them there, save and exit.
Now, you have your partitions mounted permanently.

To check everything is mounted without problem, open new Terminal window and enter this command:

sudo mount -a

If it shows no error, all is working..

Pysdm was a GUI for the above, but unfortunately there doesn't seem to be any answers available... So if anyone else is in the same predicament I hope that this helps.


Why is Wifi not working on my HP laptop?

This forum post seems to have helped most people facing this issue.

I have reproduced the necessary steps here for the sake of simplicity.

In the Additional Drivers application, check for any drivers pertaining to STA and disable them.

Open Terminal and enter the following command:

sudo apt-get remove b43-fwcutter broadcom-sta-common broadcom-sta-source firmware-b43-installer firmware-b43-lpphy-installer firmware-b43legacy-installer bcmwl-kernel-source

Now, enter the following commands:

echo "blacklist bcma" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
echo "blacklist brcm80211" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

Reboot Ubuntu.

Open Terminal again and enter the following command:

sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source broadcom-sta-common broadcom-sta-source firmware-b43-installer

After the package installation is complete, reboot.

Open Additional Drivers.

Enable the Broadcom STA driver.

Your Wifi should now be active and functional.

This seems to be a documented bug.


Issue when installing Ubuntu 18.04.03 from bootable USB

Could you boot into a "Live" copy of Ubuntu and click "Try Ubuntu". When it establishes a desktop, open a terminal with:

CTRL+ALT+t

You can destructively remove all other partitions by entering:

sudo gdisk /dev/sda

and use ? for help. Press d to delete partitions. Delete all of them, and press w to write the changes. Reboot into the "Live CD/USB" again and open another Terminal. Again run: sudo gdisk /dev/sda If there are no partitions listed you did well, if so just try again. Now press o and add a GPT by pressing y for yes, and w to write changes. This should leave you with a clean Guid Partition Table and nothing else. Execute: sudo gdisk /dev/sda once more and verify that GPT is now present. If so, you may press q to quit and reboot and attempt to install Ubuntu from your "Live USB". Create from Rufus with the settings below:

Partition Scheme GPT
Target System UEFI
0 persistence
FAT32 file system
quick format
create extended label and icons
default cluster size

Be sure you safely eject, the new bootable drive as this will ruin your Live USB every time if you don't! Do not change UEFI settings like AHCI after this, someone recommended it but if you do that after a disk has been created or it might stop working. It is better to use the advanced functions of AHCI which is true, but start that way, don't change it while in use or you may loose data.

Proceed to boot into the "Live USB" disk and let Ubuntu guide the installation process. When you are prompted for partitioning choose to "Overwrite data with zeros" from the first drop down dialog box, and "Compatible with Linux systems ext4" in the second drop down dialog box. You may now give your new disk a name in the text entry box if you want. These choices may or may not appear depending on how things go. Choose to "Erase and Install Ubuntu", then accept all other default options.

When this completes, and hopefully it does, continue without checking any of the boxes for updating while installing as this may cause problems. Note if you chose to full format the drive it may be slow on larger disks and this may give the mistaken impression the computer stopped responding! Be patient.

**If you can't boot, try to disable secure boot. This should allow you to boot linux.


Xen keeps making the time wrong on a Windows guest

From http://xen.1045712.n5.nabble.com/Time-is-off-by-an-hour-in-my-XEN-vm-tp2586195p2586196.html

There is a RealTimeIsUniversal registry flag hidden in the windows registry that can be set (its not in by default) to let Windows interpret the RTC as UTC as well.

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\TimeZoneInformation] "RealTimeIsUniversal"=dword:00000001


"clean something" is probably a message saying your hard disk is clean, ie no errors.

The easiest step (assuming you aren't an expert on grub) is to get boot repair. Instructions are here. Let us know how it works out.


USB mouse not working after unplug-plug in 14.04

Try reloading the mouse driver with

sudo rmmod usbhid
sudo modprobe usbhid

when the mouse is plugged in and not working.
If it helps, try adding usbhid to the end of /etc/modules file and reboot. This is sort of shamanic as it should make no difference, but often helps with unrecognized thumb drives.
If it does not help, you can create a udev rule to reload the mouse module on mouse plugging.


Can't get Wireless RT2x00usb driver to work, and can't blacklist it

You need to blacklist rt2500usb as well, as that's the module that's loading. You're only blacklisting rt2x00usb


phpize for PHP7 is provided by the package php7.0-dev in Ubuntu 16.04. To install it open the terminal and type:
sudo apt install php7.0-dev

phpize7.0 will be installed to /usr/bin/phpize7.0
To run it type:
phpize7.0

Example: get version of phpize7.0:
phpize7.0 -v

In Ubuntu 17.10 php7.0-dev has been updated to php7.1-dev and phpize7.1 will be installed to /usr/bin/phpize7.1 . In Ubuntu 18.04 php7.0-dev has been updated to php7.2-dev. In Ubuntu 20.04+ php7.0-dev has been updated to php7.4-dev. php7.4-dev is the current package in Ubuntu 21.04, and the php 8 package hasn't been released in the Ubuntu 21.04 default repositories.
The phpize command is meant to be run at the top level of an extension source directory. This source directory should contain a file named config.m4. The config.m4 file for a PHP extension tells the UNIX build system what configure options your extension supports, what external libraries and includes you require, and what source files are to be compiled as part of it.


Why not all Linux packages/software come in .deb format?

This is because the Linux ecosystem contains many many different sub branches (click on the image for a larger version)1:

Now, one of the basic differences between these distributions is the package manager they use. Debian and its derivatives (one of which is Ubuntu) use dpkg which deals with .deb packages. The other large player is the RedHat Package Manager (rpm) which works with .rpm packages. Other distributions have their own system or use a wrapper to install directly from source or even have no package manager at all.
In any case, the .tar.gz format is

Not actually a format. That is what is known as a compressed tarball. tar creates archives (.tar) which are then passed through gzip to compress them (.gz). See here for more details.

Not an installer. It is just a collection of files/directories, in the case of source tarballs, the source code of a program.

Not in any way specific to source codes or programs. You can think of .tar.gz as an equivalent to Windows (and not only) .zip files. They can contain an installer or they can contain word documents or whatever else.

The reason why all Linux programs are not packaged as .deb files is because while .deb is indeed popular, it does not work for all distributions. Therefore, a developer can either attempt to package their app for as many distributions as they can or simply make the source code available and let users compile it themselves. Up until a few years ago, the vast majority of Linux programs were only distributed in this way. The variety of pre-packaged programs was quite small.
This has changed in recent years with the huge increase of popularity of the .deb format, which was largely due to the corresponding popularity of Ubuntu and Linux Mint.
The reason why not everyone uses .deb is that each approach (dpkg/apt-get, rpm/yum, pacman etc) has its diehard fans. And if I only release my program as a .deb not everyone will be able to use it. The only way to make sure that any GNU/Linux user will be able to use my software is to release it as source and let them compile it manually.
As a final note, you really shouldn't be scared of such programs. While it is true that sorting out the dependencies can be a pain, most devs will clearly state the dependencies on their webpage and as long as you have them installed, installing software from a source tarball is really quite easy:

Extract the file
 tar xvzf software.tar.gz

Move into the newly created directory where the files were extracted
 cd software/

Configure
 ./configure

Compile
 make

Install
 sudo make install

This can all be condensed to:
tar xvzf software.tgz; cd software; ./configure && make && make install

1 Image taken from this Wikipedia page.


DLNA servers cause wireless/data to drop

After further research, the problem was not caused by DLNA servers, but the load the servers put on the wireless was too much because it was conflicted trying to use two drivers (rt73usb and rt2500usb). Even though I have integrated wireless it is considered usb for all practical purposes. By blacklisting rt2500usb this seems to have solved my problem. I am running Ubuntu 32 bit 11.10 on a HP Slimline S7700n w/ Athlon 64 X2 (W) 3800+ 2.0 GHz. Serviio has been running smoothly for over 3 hours now, longer than it ever has. link to forum post that solved my problem


Run a memory test. At the boot menu, instead of picking Ubuntu or Windows, pick “Memory test”. See Faulty hardware in the Ubuntu community documentation for more details. If you don't get a boot menu, see configuring Grub2 for how to enable it.

Seriously. Linux is pretty demanding on the RAM. RAM tends to fail in subtle ways: if you write a value to a location and read it later, it comes out right — except when you've done a very particular sequence of writes and you happen to read at exactly the wrong time. I've seen computers that seemed to run Windows just fine, and even ran some applications under Linux — but start using Firefox (which uses a lot of RAM), and the crashes would come. I ran a memory test, which showed a single failure; I replaced the RAM sticks, and that machine ran without rebooting for the next year or so.

The crash reports in /var/crash are just that: crash reports. They are a consequence of the crashes, not a cause. They might help in diagnosing what is wrong; but if it's failing RAM, the crashes tend to look pretty random.


An error occured.......unmet dependecies.........run package manager

You need to first remove the problematic Merge List and then re-create it. Open your terminal and run the following codes:

sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/* -vf
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade


Unable to install ibus avro in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (32 bit)

Follow these steps to install iBus-avro in your system:

Install iBus first.

sudo apt-get install libibus-1.0-5 ibus gir1.2-ibus-1.0 gir1.2-glib-2.0 gir1.2-gtk-3.0 gir1.2-gtk-2.0

Now download and install ibus-avro-trusty package from the developer Sarim Khan's OpenSuse repository.

wget http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/sarimkhan/xUbuntu_14.04/i386/ibus-avro-trusty_1.2_i386.deb -P /tmp/avro/
sudo apt install gjs libgjs0e libmozjs-24-0v5
sudo dpkg -i /tmp/avro/*.deb

Now open Settings > Region and Language > Search and add 'Bengali (Avro phonetic)'.


How can I feed clipboard content to gnome-terminal?

It seems like gnome-terminal can't take input from stdin, so you have to use command substitution:

gnome-terminal -e "$(xclip -se c -o)"

Also, if you want to perform word splitting and globbing on the clipboard contents before it's run, you can use this:

gnome-terminal -x $(xclip -se c -o)

If you need to hold the terminal open when the command completes, you could use this:

gnome-terminal -x bash -c "$(xclip -se c -o); read -p 'Press Enter to close.'"

Or if you want to go to an interactive prompt:

gnome-terminal -x bash -c "$(xclip -se c -o); bash"

For more ideas, see With a launcher for a terminal application, how can I keep the terminal open after the program is complete?


Usually that symbol means a missing pixmap/image. I think either the keyboard icon image or the country-flags icons are missing. You can install dconf-tool with sudo apt-get install dconf-tool, open the dconf-editor then go to org>gnome>libgnomekbd>indicator and uncheck the show-flags option if it's checked. Log-out and log-in back again to see if the keyboard icon appears there.


Power off the computer and star with the BIOS. Go to security menu and Disable secure boot.
Other option, please verify the topic: "Installing third-party drivers requires configuring Secure Boot"

With the best regards,
João Pinto


So @Alex, you are doing a good bit wrong here... you said that you gave the "permission" to the script to be executable when in reality that means you made the script executable. You can find the actual permissions of the file by doing stat --format "%a" file_name but you were right, you need the script to be executable to run. Anyways, when you ran stat --format "%a" file_name this on your file, were the permissions 755?. If they weren't perform chmod 755 file_name, this should fix the issue(if you are still using crontab).


Well, diving into Unicode 13.0 Character Code Charts, and specifically Combining Diacritical Marks, I found this:

0305 → ‾ (combined)

meaning you combine the symbol with another, so you press Ctrl+Shift+u, the underlined u appears, enter 0305, press Enter, and then you enter the number, the 6 in the example.

If I copy paste in here, it just copies the 6, apparently satckexchange doesn't allow those type of characters, but here's a screenshot from a terminal:

For now it's the closest I can get, maybe this helps you.


When you get to the login prompt, do not login yet, but instead press together Ctrl+Alt+F1 key combination. This will get you into text-mode Ubuntu, and you can now input your username, your password and once you are logged in you can run these commands:

   sudo apt-get update

   sudo apt-get upgrade

you will be presented with a list of updates for your system, and you should press Y for yes to start updating. When finished, run this command:

   sudo reboot

All these commands depend on your Internet connection being up and running. If you don't have a Internet connection, you should run this command before all of the others mentioned above:

   sudo pppoeconf

and follow the setup to the end so you have a working internet connection in the textmode console. Then you can run the other commands.

After reboot login as usual, and try and see if you can perform normal operations in ubuntu. If  you still get the same issues, press again Ctrl+Alt+F1 key combination, and run this command:

   sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop xfce4

Reboot when finished with this one, use sudo reboot again and after you see the login screen, choose Xubuntu session or XFCE session and enter your login username and password. You won't experience any more freezes and hungs, and maybe you'll like Xubuntu desktop more than Unity desktop.


Trying to enable USB interface for Wireless Adapter Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS

The middle item on your ifconfig output is your wireless adapter, it shows as the 'Logical name' section of your lshw  output.

Can you try running :

sudo ifconfig enx68ca0001030a up


When ever Update Manager does an update, my appearance settings change

Yes it is the default setting but it should not change your own theme unless some part of it is either broken or deprecated.


How to install libqt4-core and libqt4-gui on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS?

These libqt4-core and libqt4-gui packages don't exist anymore in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and newer. They were dummy packages with dependencies to other packages. The following procedure will modify the Vidyo package so it uses working dependencies.

First make sure that all required libqt4 packages not installed by default are installed:

sudo apt install libqt4-designer libqt4-opengl libqt4-svg libqtgui4 libqtwebkit4

Create a script to modify the dependency defined in the package. Use the videbcontrol script provided here.
Run the script videbcontrol VidyoDesktopInstaller-ubuntu64-TAG_VD_3_6_3_017.deb that will open the dependencies in a vi editor
Replace Depends: libxss1,libaudio2,libasound2,libqt4-gui (>= 4.8.1), libqt4-network with Depends: libxss1,libaudio2,libasound2,libqt4-designer,libqt4-opengl,libqt4-svg,libqtgui4,libqtwebkit4,libqt4-network. This creates a file named VidyoDesktopInstaller-ubuntu64-TAG_VD_3_6_3_017.modified.deb containing the new dependency.

If you don't know vi, once you see the package information

move the cursor using the arrows down to the line starting with Depends:
type the letter i to get into insert mode
copy past (right click) the new line and type return
type escape to leave the insert mode
type dd to delete the old Depends line
type ZZ to save and quit the change (two upper case z)

Install the Vidyo package by executing the command:

sudo apt install VidyoDesktopInstaller-ubuntu64-TAG_VD_3_6_3_017.modified.deb

Enjoy


Can redhat wireless drivers work on ubuntu?

Steeldriver suggested in the comments that the driver found at github.com/jurobystricky/Netgear-A6210 might work.

I just tried it and I can confirm it does work. My lsusb command gives Bus 003 Device 024: ID 0e8d:7612 MediaTek Inc and if yours is the same then give it a try.


You can free space by uninstalling unneeded (old) versions the Linux Kernel.

Get a list of installed Kernels like this:

confus@confusion:~$ dpkg --list | grep -E "linux-header|linux-image"
ii  linux-headers-3.5.0-18-generic            3.5.0-18.29                                amd64        Linux kernel headers for version 3.5.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-headers-3.5.0-23-generic            3.5.0-23.35                                amd64        Linux kernel headers for version 3.5.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-3.5.0-18-generic              3.5.0-18.29                                amd64        Linux kernel image for version 3.5.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-3.5.0-23-generic        3.5.0-23.35                                amd64        Linux kernel image for version 3.5.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP                               amd64        Generic Linux kernel image

Find out, what kernel you are running. E.g. by running the command:

confus@confusion:~$ uname -r
3.5.0-23-generic

In this example my kernel version is "3.5.0-23-generic".
Provided this kernel works perfectly for you and you don't have any bugs, remove everything BUT this kernel. In my example this would be accomplished by:

sudo apt-get remove linux-image-3.5.0-18-generic linux-headers-3.5.0-18-generic

If you want a graphical tool use synaptic package manager (you might need to install it in Software Center. You can search for "linux-headers" and "linux-image" and sort them, installed packages first. Then mark them for removal.


If you want to check if the file is not corrupt check for its hash value

Install this package:

brew install md5sha1sum

After that run the command:

md5sum /directory/of/iso/file

After installing, google for the hash value of whichever version of ubuntu you're trying to run and compare the hash value


Should I create an alias for each bash function?

Case for aliases

Aliases can be quite useful when you want to refer to a lengthy command by a short name.
In the order of precedence, aliases stand higher than functions, so in case where you want to override some existing name for your own session you'd use an alias.

Case for functions

When you have a command that requires dealing with single and double quotes at the same time, use functions. Those who deal with sed or awk a lot understand.
When you want to refer to a lengthy task consisting of multiple commands interacting with variables, use function. In general , I personally follow the rule that if there's more than 3 commands, it's time to use a function.
Aliases can be escaped by appending \. This is useful for system administrators. If you don't want your user to run certain command, a function will take precedence over . Example:

$ ls
serg says this command is a no-no
$ \ls
serg says this command is a no-no

note that user can still run /bin/ls with no problems there, so it's not really a good security measure. I'd say the better use would be as a wrapper for some command, where you want to add a header or remove some information.
From bash man page: There is no mechanism for using arguments in the replacement text.If arguments  are  needed,  a shell function should be used. Thus while you can do simple tricks - something like alias e="echo"; e Hello - you would want a function when you want to deal with command-line arguments extensively.

In my personal experience, I found myself using functions far more than aliases. They are like scripts, except it's not necessary to create external files - they can all live in my ~/.bashrc. Quoting and referencing variables become less of a problem.


Disconnected: No supported authentication methods available (server sent: publickey)

Your server is configured to deny anything else than public key-based authentication.

If you have lost your .ssh (and hence, your RSA, DSA, .... key pair), then you can no longer login to your remote system.

Depending on who's hosting this remote system, you may be able to use some KVM over IP, VNC console, ... reboot the server on some liveCD, ... Point is: if you can't find a copy of your SSH key pair, then you'll have to enable password-based authentication somehow.


Can no longer boot Ubuntu after setting GRUB_DEFAULT=2

Yes, changing set default="2" to set default="0" in the grub.cfg on /boot partition fixed the issue.


Boot failure with xubuntu 16.04.4 LTS after kernel upgrade to 4.4.0-119 and beyond

So, no help from here. Fortunately this was not a life-threatening situation and I was able to boot the machine using 4.4.0.116. But the real solution was to upgrade the whole OS to 18.04 LTS. But it would have been nice to know what caused this unexpected failure.

But case closed - the answer is to upgrade to the next LTS version.


do this:
pip3 install --user --upgrade fmriprep-docker
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:~/.local/bin' >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile

the first command installs fmriprep docker into ~/.local/bin
the rest makes sure the shell looks there for programs to run


NVIDIA proprietary driver does not load when using shimx64 since xenial

NVIDIA does not sign its proprietary video driver. The Linux kernel always checks for signatures in kernel modules, even with secure boot disabled. When I use grubx64 I can see this message:

kernel: nvidia: module verification failed: signature and/or required key missing - tainting kernel

This is not an error since secure boot is disabled; the NVIDIA proprietary video driver still works. The funny part is that when I use shimx64 this message does not appear. The NVIDIA driver is skipped by the kernel without any message. I can tell that secure boot is enabled because of this message:

kernel: Secure boot enabled


How to find the running network services and the port and user

Use the command : sudo lsof -i -n -P
This command lists the Application Name, PID, User, IP version, Device ID and the Node with Port Name. It shows both TCP and UDP.
Variations :

To format it in a nice, readable way; use :
sudo lsof -i -n -P | more

To view view only TCP connections :
sudo lsof -i -n -P | grep TCP | more

To view view only UDP connections :
sudo lsof -i -n -P | grep UDP | more


Looks good to me.

To scan a log search for 'error' in it. There are a few but yours are benign.


Custom actions will not show up in Thunar context menu under "send to"

For the Exec key set the absolute path to the home directory instead of using the tilde (~)

Per the freedesktop Desktop Entry Specification:

  The executable program can either be specified with its full path or with the name of the executable only. If no full path is provided the executable is looked up in the $PATH environment variable used by the desktop environment.


External Monitors shut off when Laptop Lid closes

In Ubuntu 11.10 these should force your lid close action to nothing.

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power active 'true'
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power lid-close-ac-action 'nothing'

(optional)

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power battery-action 'nothing'

The first one will make sure that GNOME's power daemon is taking care of the power settings and not some other process.

The second will define the close lid action to nothing when the laptop is plugged in to the power supply and the optional 3rd the same but in case you are running on battery.

Further available options and tools

Use this command in a terminal to have a look at all the available power options

gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power

this will list all the options and their current set values. To set them up to a different value use the command

gsettings set schema [:path] key value

For more information on the gsettings tool check the man page.

Optionally you can install the dconf-tools package and use the dconf-editor tool for graphically checking and changing those options.

Install it via the Ubuntu Software Center (dconf-tools ) or via a terminal with sudo apt-get install dconf-tools.


screensaver not working and freezing the keyboard

I have experienced very similar, all but the mouse freezing when locking the screen. So far, disabling the screensaver's embedded keyboard has been a success. Two ways to go about it, pretty sure they do the same thing:

Open Screensaver preferences and make sure the On Screen Keyboard is disabled.

In the Settings Editor find xfce4-screensaver on the left and embedded-keybaord at the top right, conveniently located directly under Lock. Clear the tick on the nested enabled box, as the other disables screen lock entirely.

( Alt+F2 should provide the Application Finder; enter xfce4-settings-editor and launch to start)
Interesting to note the known issue list references the embedded keyboard as being an issue:

Allow embedding a keyboard into the window, /embedded-keyboard-enabled, may be non-functional. Onboard crashes when embedded.


How to get an Epson-AL-CX11 printer working?

Install Epson AL-CX11 Printer Driver

Go to Epson Download Center
Search for AL-CX11.
Download the Source file for AcuLaser CX11 for CUPS : Epson-ALCX11-filter-1.1.tar.gz
Install required dependencies and build environment:

sudo apt-get install libcups2-dev build-essential libstdc++5 bc
in the terminal cd to the directory where you downloaded the tar file and type this:

tar -zxvf Epson-ALCX11-filter-1.1.tar.gz

cd Epson-ALCX11-filter-1.1

sudo ./configure

sudo make install
Now the driver is installed and you can simply add the printer using the System > Administration > Printing menu.
Your printer should show up in the list when you click add new printer button. Select it and just click forward
The recommended driver is already selected so click forward and finish adding the printer.
You may get an error about pstoalcx11.sh not installed, don’t worry.
Now copy the files alcx11, alcx11_lprwrapper.sh  and pstoalcx11.sh from /usr/local/bin to /usr/lib/cups/filter:

sudo cp /usr/local/bin/*cx11* /usr/lib/cups/filter/
Print a test page, It Works!


How to block internet access for an application

You can use apparmor to deny network traffic for some application.
First you must install apparmor and apparmor-utils ..

sudo apt-get install apparmor*

After that you can generate profile to you application ...

sudo aa-genprof /usr/bin/google-chrome

Next step is to change Networking part in profile to:

sudo nano /etc/apparmor.d/usr.bin.chromium-browser

audit deny network,
audit deny network inet stream,
deny network inet6 stream,
deny @{PROC}/[0-9]*/net/if_inet6 r,
deny @{PROC}/[0-9]*/net/ipv6_route r,
deny capability net_raw,

Next, check config with apparmor_parser and reload config

sudo apparmor_parser -r /etc/apparmor.d/usr.bin.chromium-browser

Change mode from complain to enforce aka turn on apparmor for this app.

sudo aa-complain /etc/apparmor.d/usr.bin.chromium-browser

More manual you can find here and here and here


Often, the battery statistics come from a combination of the battery model info read by either the Bios or possibly the operating system and the measured duration of the battery. I don't believe the battery model info is read every time but the metering system will need a calibration run for it to properly guess at the duration time of the replacement battery. Simply run the fully charged replacement battery down using the Laptop in a consistent (normal) manner until it forces a shutdown. Then a full recharge. This should correct the battery metering. The same technique is used when replacing UPS batteries.

The calibration run is basically helping the battery management system that is always trying to measure the power duration of the battery do it's thing. Given that the battery is expected to change (weaken) over time, this circuit is always fine tuning it's duration estimate.

As for the charging circuit, is the Laptop's charging light on (after the battery has been drained somewhat)? Did the battery re-charge? If so, charging circuit is fine.


If you want to keep Ubuntu and Windows in a dual boot then this isn't really possible. Ubuntu wasn't made to be installed on a NTFS system. Although you can do this it doesn't work well, and you can't switch EXT4 to NTFS without losing any existing installations of Ubuntu.

If you want to erase any existing installations, then continue on through this answer.

Boot some liveMedia. Select "Try Ubuntu".

Open the "Disks" app.

Select the hard drive and partition you want to format.

Click the little cog button, then select "format".

Use a "slow" format and choose "NTFS" as the format type. Give this partition a name.

Click "Format".


Can't Install - grub probe: error: unknown filesystem -- Help?

It looks like too big / partition or no /boot partition


Why don't the Alt+num Firefox keyboard shortcuts work?

This question was solved by the OP:

  Solved: the same shotcuts was used by Nextplease addon.
   After removing nextplease addon, Alt+num shorcuts works.


Opening Slack logs my user out of ubuntu

This happened to me as well when installing from the snap repository.

I uninstalled the snap, removed the ~/.config/Slack folder and then reinstalled from deb file. I downloaded it from here: https://slack.com/downloads/linux

The app worked on first try and after reboot it kept working. Hope it helps.


TP-LINK TL-WN725N can not work in kernel 3.2.0-40-generic under 12.04

Make a bootable usb stick with 13.04 version, do a live session and see if it works.The 13.04 has 3.8 kernel which supports more hardware devices.


How to add a home partition after installing Ubuntu?

Ok, I solved it by resizing the extended partition first and then pressing the unallocated space in there and clicking add.


Since the RealPlayer 11 package is already available in the ppa:michael-gruz/backports, you can proceed as follows:

Create a personal PPA using your Launchpad account.
Go to ppa:michael-gruz/backports and access View package details > Copy packages.
Select the desired package (say, the one for Natty) and copy it to your personal PPA. Change Destination series to whatever you need (say, 12.10/Quantal). Ensure that Rebuild the copied sources is selected, which will allow the binaries to be built using the available libraries on the chosen distro.
Click Copy Packages.

These instructions are generic and will work for any package that is already available on a Launchpad PPA, and for any distribution currently supported by Launchpad. They can fail, especially if the chosen distribution does not provide a needed library or a specific version of a library.

But it seems to work in this case. For proof of point, check out the realplay that I copied to my testing PPA. You can check that the package was built against Quantal in View package details in the Series column. (This seems to have worked for the i386 build, but NOT for the amd64 one.)


Detecting HP 7400 scanner (avision detection?)

Try adding :

usb 0x03f0 0x4311

in /etc/sane.d/avision.conf
I did it and it works for my HP 7400C scanner.


Ubuntu 14.04 Go to Switch Account without goint through Lock Account

I imagine the idea might be that if you know which user-id you want to sign onto you would select it immediately from the menu rather than using "Lock/Switch Account".

With that covered the expectation might be if you select Lock/Switch Account you want to sign on later with another id but are ready to put aside and safeguard the privacy of your current work now.

Irregardless, you can choose the Lock/Switch Account option and then, without unlocking your account, select Switch Account from the corresponding menu from the Lock Screen.

You simply skip unlocking your old session.


mail(1) isn't able to open Maildir mailbox

The traditional unix /usr/bin/mail only supports mailbox format. It's older than maildir, after all.

Under Ubuntu, /usr/bin/mail has two alternatives: heirloom-mailx  and bsd-mailx . Each of the two have extensions to the historical utility, but the Heirloom version more so. In particular, Only the Heirloom version has maildir support (and IMAP, and decent charset handling, and MIME).

Make sure you have the Heirloom version installed. If you have both, the alternative defaults to heirloom-mailx; check that you haven't changed the default setting by running sudo update-alternatives --config mailx.


How to launch a script inside a VM from the host?

You can use Vboxmanage to do this.  The form of the command is

VBoxManage guestcontrol <uuid|vmname> exec[ute]
            --image <path to program> --username <name>
            [--passwordfile <file> | --password <password>]
            [--environment "<NAME>=<VALUE> [<NAME>=<VALUE>]"]
            [--verbose] [--timeout <msec>]
            [--wait-exit] [--wait-stdout] [--wait-stderr]
            [--dos2unix] [--unix2dos]
            -- [[<argument1>] ... [<argumentN>]]

To run your python script, you can enter the following - stdout and stderr are returned to the host machine by this command

VBoxManage guestcontrol "Name of Virtual Machine Goes Here" exec --image /path/to/my/script --username UserNameGoesHere --password PasswordGoesHere --wait-exit --wait-stdout --wait-stderr

In my case the test script was

#!/usr/bin/python
print "hello"

You can find information about this by starting the VirtualBox program, and selecting Help from the menu, and the specific section you are looking for is 8.31. VBoxManage guestcontrol


Disabling / Remapping Logitech G400 mouse DPI buttons

@Koviko - I have a similar mouse - a Logitech MX1100 - that also has DPI buttons that aren't sent to the USB when pressed in default mode. I did some testing on my own, and eventually was able to figure out the codes to send the signal to switch the mouse into "Driver Mode", which then allowed me to use easygestures/xev to reassign the buttons.

If you want, I can walk you through the steps I used to determine how to switch it off (I now have a script that I simply need to run on startup, as a very hack-y workaround, but it's working at least), but it involves setting up a VM and having a secondary mouse and sniffing the raw USB traffic, and unfortunately seems likely to be very mouse-specific.

My steps (better ones almost certainly exist):

1) Have a Windows VM (with the Logitech SetPoint software installed; I used VirtualBox, because that's what I already had set up with WinXP for work), Wireshark, and gcc installed on your system.
2) Then I ran the following steps in a terminal:

sudo modprobe usbmon
sudo wireshark &
sudo /usr/lib/virtualbox/VirtualBox &

3) Within Wireshark, choose to 'List the available capture interfaces...', and make a note of which USB bus number generates a ton of packets when you move your mouse around (mine was usbmon3, but I imagine that's purely based on which USB port your receiver is plugged in to).

3) From within VirtualBox (I needed to run as sudo in order to share the USB Controller), I edited the settings of the XP VM, and enabled both the USB Controller and the USB 2.0 (EHCI) Controller. Then I added a new USB Filter populated from an existing device, and selected my Logitech mouse's receiver (Vendor ID 046d, Product c245, for you) and then started up the VM.

(Note: After this point, I needed a second mouse plugged in, because I had to give control over my regular mouse to the Windows VM so that the SetPoint software could see that it existed as something more than a generic mouse.)

4) In the VM, I then launched the SetPoint software, and went to the screen that lets you set custom actions for various buttons. Then back in Wireshark, I started a capture on the USB bus for the mouse, then immediately went in to the VM/SetPoint, and changed the button assignment from DPI +/- to Keystroke Assignment, then immediately went back to Wireshark and stopped the capture. (I repeated this about 10-15 more times, changing the settings to different modes, mostly because I wasn't sure how much data I'd need, but after reviewing, I really only needed the first 1-2 captures.)

Assuming your mouse works vaguely similar to mine, which I'd guess it would, your capture would likely have a total of 16 frames, 4x GET DESCRIPTOR, then 3x(2xURB_CONTROL out + 2xURB_INTERRUPT in). What you're looking for are the 3 longer URB_CONTROL out frames. An example of one of my captured frames is:

0000  c0 80 64 36 00 88 ff ff  53 02 00 03 03 00 00 00
0010  5e 4b 25 50 00 00 00 00  f4 d9 08 00 8d ff ff ff
0020  07 00 00 00 07 00 00 00  21 09 10 02 01 00 07 00
0030  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0040  10 01 80 65 82 85 ff

What we're looking for are the last 7 bytes from the response (in the above, the '10 01 80 65 82 85 ff'), from each of the longer 'URB_CONTROL out' frames. Finally, I downloaded the source of the "g_hack" from Git, and cobbled in both my mouse product code at the top, and a new option (I set it to 0/1 with an if statement within them since it was just a very crude proof of concept) which would switch my mouse into "driver mode" or "DPI mode".

After that, all that was required was to set up the newly available mouse buttons in your choice of remapping programs (I used easygestures because that was the first thing with a UI I found - it may or may not have a superior replacement).


Install Ubuntu alongside Windows in UEFI

there is many tutorials are exist in internet, but ill teach you one:
1.First Resize Your Windows Partition and leave (at least 20GB) Unmodified
Disk Space.

Insert Ubuntu ISO Image, flash driver or etc.. to Boot into Ubuntu Installation

Follow Installation Instructions (everywhere in internet) But In Installation Location You Should Select The Unmodified Space and create a partition then format it to ext4, after choose that partition you created then start installing it.

after ubuntu installation was complete you should run this command in terminal (it makes the windows selection available in next boot):

Try One of those:
$ update-grub

$ update-grub2


It might be that 'du' lists folders where different partitions are mounted with the partition size and not the actual file usage. But I'm not sure about this.

Try the command "df -h", for file system disk space usage. It will show you the size and usage of different partitions.

You can also use baobab, which gives you a graphical representation. It is installed on ubuntu per default. Just type "Disk Usage Analyzer" into the Unity hud.

Update:

Well, as for why Thunderbird uses up so much space. For one, you could look into the folder, maybe you put some other files inadvertently there.
The folder with the funny name of numbers and letters is a mail profile. The data is held in sqlite database files, so you best not mess with them but just open Thunderbird.
Look for mails with attachments. Use "File->Empty Trash" to finally delete mails from the trash. Use "File->Compact Folders" to optimize and clean up, but that won't bring you gigabytes of space.


Missing users after clean install and separate home partition

So your /home directory contains home folders for adminuser, usera and userb. These folders were created by the old system.

During installation, you created a new user, adminuser, with same name as the adminuser in the old system. The new system you just installed is correctly using /home/adminuser as adminuser's home folder.

You can't log in as usera or userb yet because you have to create those other users in the new system, too.

In Settings, click on User Accounts and create new users with the same names as those home folders.


Same keyboard layout, different outputs for different languages

Solved! In the end both Alvar and the above mentioned question pointed
  at the right direction. The solution is really meant to be "layout
  changing" in Ubuntu...  even though I still strongly disagree with
  such a label: the change is in behavior of certain key combinations
  (input) to achieve desired characters (output), not in layout
  (physical arrangement). So, as Ubuntu wishes, changing the layout to
  English (UK, international with dead keys) solves the problem... and
  creates another: now I need to press " + space to get " ; at least now
  I can easily get á, ç, ã, ê, ü, etc.

A direct quote from the comment on which Rodrigo de Oliveira posted his solution.


Ubuntu 12.04 despite the left panel POLI tray present, myunity says that unity turns in 2d

Check the correct installation of the video driver, otherwise try this:

If you use GNOME Classic APPLICATIONS> SYSTEM TOOLS> START OF APPLICATIONS

If you use GNOME Shell or Unity write APPLICATIONS FOR INITIATING in research programs

Will open a window, click Add, and under COMMAND type: compiz - replace

Then you or END SESSION or reboot your computer and see if it works.


It has been nearly a year and my Ubuntu has been updated regularly in the meantime and is now 18.04.04. My executable-text-activation as set back then in dconf-editor is still working fine under classic GNOME (Flashback-Metacity) or under default Ubuntu GNOME.

I have done some testing and now conclude that the executable-text-activation parameter in dconf-editor seems to work the same under either classic GNOME (Flashback-Metacity) or under default Ubuntu GNOME. The default value is always "display". When one sets dconf-editor to use a customized value (and then either clicks on the check-mark or changes screen within dconf-editor), that is kept in the dconf-editor configuration (even when exiting and reloading dconf-editor) but the change is not applied until Ubuntu is rebooted (changing session does not seem to do it).

I still get the same warning each time that I load dconf-editor, and I am sometimes (but not always) also getting seemingly innocuous system software problem warnings when using dconf-editor (but as my system is a little bit kinky after recent partition restoration, this may not generally apply).


How to install fonts in GNOME without installing the whole GNOME?

The packages shipped with the Ubuntu 20.10 desktop are listed here:
https://releases.ubuntu.com/20.10/ubuntu-20.10-desktop-amd64.manifest
The fonts- packages in that list are approximately what you asked for. As you see there are quite a few of those.
As regards Chinese the default package on Ubuntu is fonts-noto-cjk.


Are you sure it makes sense to invest into Flash at all? Adobe is not going to release new versions of the player for Linux, it withdrew their Andriod plugin, and Flash never was and never will be supported by iOS. At the same time, all major browsers on all platforms (except old versions of IE) support SVG these days: http://caniuse.com/#search=svg

If you build sites with Flash now, in a year or two you'll find that the content does not display properly on the majority of devices your visitors use to access the site. I know what I'm talking about because I manage a site with a lot of Flash content and now I feel I'm starting to get cornered into a "flash ghetto" only accessible to some users - while those users are still a majority, the situation is only going to change to the worse.

Ubuntu has an awesome vector editor called Inkscape which supports SVG very well. This may be enough for you if all you need is simple vector graphics. For more complex stuff, such as scripting (which those Flash clones are unlikely to support fully anyway) you'll have to use SVG+JavaScript. I have to admit that the process is not as nice and intuitive as setting keyframes on the timeline in Flash and dragging the stuff around, but it's manageable.


Close program window from terminal without killing process

GUI applications have windows
What you want to achieve is only possible if an application is designed te have a background process running with no window.
Hiding the windows
Normally, a GUI application cannot run without its window, and killing the window is killing the application. What can be done to make the window invisible though, is:

hiding the window by minimizing it
hiding the window by unmapping it

Both can be done programmatically with the help of xdotool, but if your goal is to destroy the window without destroying the application, I am afraid there is no way.


For the wireless you can try:

echo "options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

sudo modprobe -rfv iwlwifi

sudo modprobe -v iwlwifi

Watch for errors. Also try channel 1 or 11 in your router they usually work best. Set your router to just wpa2 not mixed mode if you have that option and also set security in network manager to wpa/wpa2.

You can usually access your router by typing 192.168.0.1 into your broswer but some times it is different numbers needed in that case refer to your routers manual.


Samba is very easy to setup and use.

There are three stages:

Install the samba server
Assign the Shared folders on the server
Setup the users

Install the Samba Server

This can be done via the Terminal Command-line.  Type terminal in the Ubuntu search button to open a terminal window.

$ sudo apt install samba

Assign the Shared folders

You either use a directory you already have on your computer or you can create a folder for this.  In these steps I'll create a shared folder called /shared.  You can do this with:

$ sudo mkdir /shared

Now add this to your samba configuration by by editing your /etc/smb.conf file.  Setup the shared resource by ending a block to the bottom of the file.  Specify block by a name surrounded by brackets as in: [My Home Shared].  This can be any name.  The name you specify will be the name that your other computers such as Windows will find when browsing the network.

Edit the file with an editor such as nano.

$  sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf

Append the following to the file:

[My Home Shared]

    comment = My home shared area
    path = /shared
    writable = yes
    browsable = yes
    valid users = user1, user2, family
    create mask= 0777
    directory mask = 0777

As you can see the usernames for access to the share is also included in this configuration entry.  Change the names to the names that you want to call them, for instance, user1 can be your own logged in user account.  The name family, can be any name.  It can be a name that you give to the family or guest to use the share.  For security reasons, you wouldn't want to give your guest your personal credentials.

Save the file then run:

$ sudo systemctl restart smbd

After this your shares space will already be browser by the Windows computer by using the file browser to browse the network.  You'll see a computer resource by the name of your computer server.

Setup Users

This is a simple one liner.  First, the userID will have to be an ID that is already on the server.  Since your userID is already on the server you can add permissions to your userID with:

$ sudo smbpasswd -a youruserID

Answer the prompts for the password.

To assign the other accounts, first add the account to the server.  For security you can add the accounts without adding a home directory for the user (therefore not giving the account direct login permission to the server) with:

$ sudo useradd -r -s /bin/false userID

Now give the new userID access to the samba server with:

$ sudo smbpasswd -a youruserID

That's all it is to it.  Browse the server using Windows.  When prompted for a password use the credentials you just setup with the smbpasswd command.

The -a argument will add a user if it doesn't exist.  After you had added the user, you can always change the password just by running:

$ sudo smbpasswd userID

A tip for adding your personal /home folder for sharing.

You can uncomment the [homes] block in the smb.conf file to make your /home directory accessible via other computers.  This will be as simple as:

change from:

;[homes]
;   comment = Home Directories
;   browseable = no

# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change the
# next parameter to 'no' if you want to be able to write to them.
;   read only = yes

# File creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create files with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
;   create mask = 0700

# Directory creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create dirs. with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
;   directory mask = 0700

# By default, \\server\username shares can be connected to by anyone
# with access to the samba server.
# Un-comment the following parameter to make sure that only "username"
# can connect to \\server\username
# This might need tweaking when using external authentication schemes
;   valid users = %S

# Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
;[netlogon]

Change to:

[homes]
   comment = Home Directories
;   browseable = no

# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change the
# next parameter to 'no' if you want to be able to write to them.
;   read only = yes

# File creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create files with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
;   create mask = 0700

# Directory creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create dirs. with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
;   directory mask = 0700

# By default, \\server\username shares can be connected to by anyone
# with access to the samba server.
# Un-comment the following parameter to make sure that only "username"
# can connect to \\server\username
# This might need tweaking when using external authentication schemes
;   valid users = %S

# Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
;[netlogon]

There's only two changes (shown in bold) that needs to be made for this share.  The others are options that works with the default settings.

After changing the configuration file restart the samba service with:

$ sudo systemctl restart smbd

To access this folder (your /homefolder) from a Windows computer, type this into the file explorer window:

\\servername\myuserID

Then press ENTER and answer the prompts with your samba userID and password.

To access this share from a different Ubuntu computer, type this into the file browser's window:

smb://servername/myuserid

You can alternatively use the computer's IP address for servername.

Note:
The steps may appear complicated, but the setup is much easier done than said.


Installing Windows using mkusb-plug

Install mkusb: Can I install mkusb in Ubuntu live USB? Works on internal Ubuntu drives and on Live Ubuntu USB's

Click mkusb-plug icon to start and then proceed as follows:

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3
[]4]
Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb#Windows_USB_install_drive


Check which GMT version you installed. I assume it is GMT 5 in which case all commands are to be preceded by gmt. For example: gmt psxy.


Did Canonical just downgrade the kernel?

You can track the current kernel version by looking at the version of linux-generic:

$ apt-cache policy linux-generic
linux-generic:
  Installed: 3.13.0.65.71
  Candidate: 3.13.0.65.71

The history of versions can be seen from the changelog for this package:

linux-meta (3.13.0.65.71) trusty; urgency=medium

  * linux ABI 3.13.0-65

 -- Brad Figg <brad.figg@canonical.com>  Mon, 21 Sep 2015 11:46:15 -0700

linux-meta (3.13.0.64.72) trusty; urgency=medium

  * linux ABI 3.13.0-64

 -- Luis Henriques <luis.henriques@canonical.com>  Wed, 09 Sep 2015 13:11:37 +0100

linux-meta (3.13.0.63.71) trusty; urgency=low

  * Fix up dandling linux-*-hwe-* meta packages.  When we do not have a
    flavour default it back to the generic packages.  (LP: 1489487).

 -- Brad Figg <brad.figg@canonical.com>  Fri, 28 Aug 2015 09:12:14 -0700

linux-meta (3.13.0.63.70) trusty; urgency=medium

  [ Brad Figg ]

  * ABI bump

 -- Brad Figg <brad.figg@canonical.com>  Fri, 14 Aug 2015 13:33:03 -0700

It doesn't look like the kernel has been downgraded recently.


You can try to use Unity-2D instead of Unity-3D, Unity-2D is an good option, to enable it use this guide if that is not something you would like to do you can try to just disable compiz using ccsm and see if that speeds up things.

Ubuntu 11.10 is not known for its start up speed (at least until the current beta release) so don't be surprised over that.

You can try to follow some optimization guides on the internet on how to make 11.04 faster (most of the information will still be valid for 11.10), those bring some improvement but its up to you to decide if it is enough or not.

Your laptop is a bit old for top of the notch software in my opinion, Ubuntu and Unity require a bit more resources than other simple UIs. Maybe a better option for you would be to use a less resource needy Ubuntu based flavour like Xubuntu. Have a look, maybe it will fit your needs better.

Gl, hf ;)


pdfsandwich - how to not change page colour

Download the latest version of pdfsandwich (at the moment of writing: 0.1.3).
Use option -rgb to preserve color:

pdfsandwich -rgb file.pdf


Why applications do not always run in foreground when started from terminal?

Some applications check to see if an existing instance is running and if there is, will just open a new window under the remote process.

This is not always the case (Dolphin, KDE's file browser, is stoicly not), and in some cases there are ways to circumvent this in some applications too (Firefox has a -no-remote option which can be useful when starting another instance of Firefox in another profile) but this is not guaranteed.

The behaviour is really down to the individual application.


Assuming you already have the original source package for ghost, you just want to test locally, and it is just one file changed then here is what you can do.

1. Create a diff of your changes:

diff -u /path/to/original_ghost_file.c ghost_file_changes.c > ghost.patch

2. Apply the patch.

Move into your source directory and run:

patch -p1 ghost.patch

Without seeing your patch, I can't advise you on what -p option to use, but I assuming you used absolute paths.

3. Rebuild and install

Still in your source directory, run  ./configure , make , and make check. If you want to replace the original version of ghost then run make install lastly.


Can't access to Ubuntu 13.04 after installing it alongside with windows 7

Did you (re)install Windows after installing Linux?

You have to repair the grub boot-loader (or replace it with another boor loader).  Repair-Boot https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair seems to be the best option.


The installer should default to the correct location, but if not, make sure it is set to install grub to the whole array ( /dev/mapper/something on older editions of Ubuntu, /dev/mdXX on recent releases if you have an Intel fakeraid ) rather than an individual drive ( /dev/sda ).


Problem with wireless 14.04 (RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller)

*-network UNCLAIMED means that you don't have the driver installed. Just try installing the linux backports. Look the following wiki and perform the steps.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuBackports

Once done, do reboot and check.


Download LASSPTools.linux.entire.tar.gz from this page: http://www.lassp.cornell.edu/lassp_pub/
Open a terminal and go to the directory where you downloaded LASSPTools.linux.entire.tar.gz, then extract the archive with tar:

tar -xvzf LASSPTools.linux.entire.tar.gz

LASSPTools binaries are now in the LASSPTools/bin_linux/ folder.

If you get the error below when running one of the tools, you might want to compile the binaries yourself from the sources. Otherwise you could try this : peazip: error while loading shared libraries: libX11.so.6

./polydraw: error while loading shared libraries: libX11.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory


X11 forwarding issue Ubuntu 12.10 from AIX

Ok it seems that the following has resolved the issue.

After looking at this for the last while it appears that the xauth location changed from AIX 5 , so it wasn't able to find it.

So when using sudo after that, I used the following :

sudo DISPLAY=localhost:0.0 XAUTHORITY=/home/{home_dir}/.Xauthority {command_here}

Worked and I was able to launch and get done / installed what I needed.

Thanks to @zwets your help was great, sometimes after looking at something for too long you need some fresh input.


Ubuntu 18.04 boots to black screen after trying to install proprietary Nvidia graphics driver

Let the built-in ubuntu-drivers program decide automatically which graphics driver to install. Open the terminal and type:
sudo apt update
sudo apt remove '^nvidia'
sudo apt autoremove
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall && sudo reboot

The autoinstall command of ubuntu-drivers installs drivers that are appropriate for automatic installation including their dependencies.


It doesn't sound like you installed with Wubi as it a) doesn't create partitions and b) doesn't install the Grub bootloader to the drive MBR. What is more likely is that you did a normal dual boot, and now that you've removed the Ubuntu partitions, Grub can no longer boot (most of Grub's code is stored on the partition and without it you end up at a Grub rescue prompt). I doubt that you can boot Windows from the grub rescue because you've remove the partitions already (you'll need grub modules to boot).

So what you need to fix it is to reinstall a Windows bootloader, either from a Windows repair CD prompt: bootrec /fixmbr, or you can install something like lilo from a linux live CD:

sudo apt-get install lilo
sudo lilo -M /dev/sda mbr

Or if you use something like boot-repair it will install another Windows-style bootloader. Either of these will get Windows booting again.

PS if you use lilo then you'll get a big warning while installing, which you can safely ignore.


Ubuntu 12.10 purple screen with AMD X1300 Mobility graphics card (can boot with nomodeset or radeon.modeset=0)

well, does not matter what you will do, amd closed support for "old" devices and drivers are not updated to work with xorg 1.13 and kernel 3.5.

the only solution is to "follow instructions on this page :: at your own risk"

http://www.ubuntuvibes.com/2012/10/how-to-install-amd-catalyst-legacy.html


How would I edit a .conf file without gedit from the terminal over SSH?

On the command line (over ssh or without X) to edit a config file I suggest:

sudo -e /path/to/config_file

By default sudo (root) uses vi as an editor. Personally I prefer vim

sudo apt-get install vim-full

To change your editor, run

sudo update-alternatives --config editor

You will see something like this:

There are 3 choices for the alternative editor (providing /usr/bin/editor).

  Selection    Path                Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
* 0            /bin/nano            40        auto mode
  1            /bin/nano            40        manual mode
  2            /usr/bin/vim.basic   30        manual mode
  3            /usr/bin/vim.tiny    10        manual mode

hit the number key to change your preferred


Checking if the end of each line in the file is ending with a letter followed by 8 digits number

You can use grep to get the lines that don't follow the rule:

grep -v ' [[:upper:]][0-9]\{8\}$' file*

space matches itself
[[:upper:]] is matched by any uppercase letter
[0-9] matches a digit
\{8\} is a "quantifier", it means the preceding construct must be repeated 8 times
$ matches at the end of line
-v shows the lines that are not matched


Change the exposure date of a photograph

In Shotwell we can adjust the date and the time of a photo by selecting "Photos - Adjust Date and Time..." from the panel menu:

Tick Modify original file to change these values not only in the Shotwell database but also in the file.

For further editing of exif data have a look at this question:

Can someone recommend an Exif editor?


Absolutely. Both Ubuntu and Fedora can share the same swap partition without any problems.

When your computer starts, you're given the choice to boot ONE operating system - Ubuntu or Fedora. That one OS you choose to boot will use the swap partition when necessary. The other OS can't use the swap space, as it hasn't booted yet.

To make Ubuntu and Fedora share a swap area, choose the existing swap partition as the mount point for Fedora's swap area when you install it, rather than creating an entirely new swap area.


Linux does not assign drive letters (C:, D:, E:, ...) like Windows. It uses device files in the virtual file system tree.

Your first partition on the first hard disk (which would usually be C: in Windows) is called /dev/sda1 in Linux/Ubuntu. The first HDD is /dev/sda, the second HDD is /dev/sdb and so on, while partitions are numbered starting with 1, so HDD1, partition 1 is called /dev/sda1. You understand the system?

That way you should be able to determine which name your E: partition from Windows has in Ubuntu.

If you don't know how your drives are partitioned, use the GUI program gparted (requires admin password) or the terminal output of lsblk or sudo parted -l (requires admin password) to display that information. It also shows e.g. partition size which will be helpful. Even in your Ubuntu file manager (Nautilus), all partitions should show up in the left bar, together with their name.


Unable to fix Ubuntu 16.04 “The system is running in low-graphics mode” error

You may need to rebuild kernel with AMD graphics support activated.

Just fetch kernel source from kernel.org, then extract it, open config interface:

curl https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v5.x/linux-5.0.1.tar.xz > ~/linux-5.0.1.tar.xz
tar -Jxvf linux-5.0.1.tar.xz
cd linux-5.0.1
make defconfig
make menuconfig

In menuconfig, locate to "Device Drivers"-->"Graphics Support", select "AMD GPU", press "Y".

"Device Drivers" menu

Save the configuration, then build:

make
sudo make modules_install
sudo make install

After reboot, your Ubuntu should recognize your AMD GPU.


Apparently you are using an AMD C-70 DualCore with a 1.3 GHz clock. That is not very much CPU power. And a chrome instance can easily use it entirely.

If you want to know which program is using your CPU the most switch to the 'Processes' tab ('procesos') and sort by '% CPU'.

If it is chrome you can use its inbuild taskmanager (shortcut shift + escape) to view which tab/extension is t


Swapfile size is 2G. What would be the best size to allocate to it?

I would say to just leave it as is. The swap file is a file stored on your hard drive or SSD that is used as a place for inactive data in your RAM when your system is running low on RAM. Also, by the looks of it, your system isn't using the swap file at all. This is because you probably aren't using that much RAM, so your system doesn't need to use the swap file. However, you should keep it to give your system a buffer if it's running low on RAM, just in case you ever do something RAM intensive. Besides, resizing/deleting your swap file is kind of complicated, and is only necessary for very specific use cases.


rsync for backup: Do I need troublesome user/1000/gvfs

I don't include /run in my backups as its entire contents are wiped at every boot.  Its contents only exist for the benefit of currently running processes.

The same applies to /tmp and /var/run.  It is optional for /var/cache and /var/tmp in the sense that data in /var/cache and /var/tmp is preserved across reboots but can be deleted between boots with no consequences.  So I don't include any of the above mentioned directories in backups.

In this case /run/user/1000/gvfs is not a normal directory and is placed into the directory tree by the FUSE system to contain mount points of current temporary disk mounts set up by a regular user, such as, for example, when plugging in a USB drive while in a graphical desktop.  As with the rest of /run, you don't need to back it up.


I got the same error sometime back and if fixed it using a package named aptitude.

Run this sudo apt install aptitude
Then run sudo aptitude upgrade

It will give you possible solutions ignore the first and use the second.

Hope this will work for you too.


You can Gparted to set aside an empty partition for your Windows.

First, boot Ubuntu using Live USB (Live CD may not work). You can't do partition if you're boot from hard disk.

Next, if you don't have GParted installed in Live USB, get it from Ubuntu store. If you have, open the application.

After that, select the hard disk where your Ubuntu is.

From the disk space, right click then click resize/move to resize your Ubuntu partition.

After resizing is done (could take a long time), you should have an empty partition.

You can then install Windows on the empty partition. Restart the PC and boot with Windows USB.

After Installation of Windows and the computer restart, you may need to upgrade grub.

Hope that helps.
(Note: This method is valid for Windows 7, Vista, XP, 2000, ME, 98, 95. This method have not been tested on Windows 8, as Windows 8 implement UEFI boot option)


printing: how to disable the -fit-to-page option to printing?

pdfposter does the trick.
Also see How can I print a PDF document on multiple pages?
In fact it seems I posted a double question, having searched before asking, but with less than optimal search terms, apparently.


This is driving me crazy, is there any REAL solution to getting an AR9285 WiFi card working properly?

The last time I had connectivity issues, it was due to a rootkit.  Try going through Software Center and installing rkhunter and chkrootkit.  Once I got rid of the rootkit, my connection speed was back to normal.


Install Calibre. It's an eBook Management program. It has dozens of plugins and features to cover pretty much any possible ebook related need, including Robust Conversion tools, as well as an eBook Extractor/Modifier.

Just import a book into Calibre and then right-click on it and select "Tweak Book".

The "Tweak Book" feature might only support EPUBs but you can just convert most other formats into your desired format using Calibre's Conversion tools.

EDIT: As of version 1.15 of Calibre, The old "Tweak Book" feature(extracting the book and presenting a folder to edit) has been replaced by a full on EPUB/AZW ebook editor. If you still wish to simply extract EPUBs into their respective parts, simply rename the EPUB file to "NAME.zip" and open them using a standard File Archive program like "File Roller" in Ubuntu.


In Gimp can I change all black pixels in a picture to blue pixels?

Another way is to use the Color Exchange function.

Which is located under Colors > Map > Color Exchange and then either select the color from the preview picture using the color picker tool or just define the color to replace and the new color manually.

Here is the documentation page for that function.


I tried Lenovo T460 with Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, 15.10, and 16.04 Beta 2 and they all had two issues:

Using an external monitor would freeze the system. (I tried many combinations, e.g. plug-in then turn on, plug-in at login screen, different cables, etc)
Closing the lid would cause the system to freeze and not go to sleep.

After updating to linux kernel 4.5 you can attach an HDMI monitor, but mini Display Port (mDP) will still cause the system to freeze, and closing the lid still causes the system to freeze.

Important related notes:

You have to boot the system with the HDMI monitor attached. Only then can you plug and unplug the monitor without the system freezing.
If you have Intel Virtualization Technology and Intel VT-d Feature enabled under "Security" in the bios (e.g. for use with VirtualBox), you cannot plug in an external display or the system will freeze.
I tried Fedora 23 and Linux Mint 17.3, both with similar problems described above with Ubuntu.
I am currently using Fedora 24 and find it to be the most stable. I still can't use mDP and can't put it to sleep without a crash, but I can at least plug-in and remove HDMI while booted.

See also this reddit thread for a conversation regarding Ubuntu and displays with the T460


Installing ubuntu 16.04 on HDD with OEM windows 10 on SSD

The bootloader for your Windows is on SSD. While installing Ubuntu, you should select HDD for bootloader I think. This way, your windows bootloader will not get affected and you will be able to boot into any OS just be selecting the boot drive at boot.


Instruct Ubuntu to boot to RAM from flash drive using unetbootin

I hit tab and replaced quiet splash with toram. Do not use TORAM=yes, just use toram. This worked for both Ubuntu and Mint, although some versions of Mint needed toram -- toram.  Hope this helps as I am doing some modifications along these lines.

Example of my modded syslinux.cfg:

initrd=/ubninit file=/cdrom/preseed/linuxmint.seed boot=casper toram --

You may add whatever other flags between toram and --, but
keep in mind some may crash your system.


Install Ubuntu 18.04 in SSD 128 GB + HDD 500 GB

At the Installation type screen of the Ubuntu installer select the Something else option to do manual partitioning and install / on the 128GB SSD and /home on the 500GB HDD. New installations of Ubuntu 17.04 create a swap file in / by default instead of a swap partition.


Windows 7 & 8.1 -> Ubuntu 14 - Folder Sharing

I'm operating on the assumption that your at least getting the login prompt.

There needs to be both an Ubuntu user account and a samba account. Let's say your login in Ubuntu is

  jamesc

You would run

 smbpasswd -a jamesc

And then go through the prompts to setup the user

Edit: okay, your not getting login prompt and your not sure how to provide us with smb.conf.

Run the following from a terminal

 sudo apt-get install pastebinit

Once that finishes, still in terminal run

 cat /etc/samba/smb.conf | pastebinit

And update your question with the link

Update: smb.conf looks pretty default and the only share seems to be movies. I think your issue is you have browseable commented out

 ;      browseable = yes

when should be

 browseable = yes

Edit 2

So I got it working both on my Raspberry Pi (so I could test USB mount) and I got it working on Ubuntu 14.04.1 on digital ocean, so only could mount home directory there.

All I said in this answer is correct. The password needs setup with

sudo smbpasswd -a username

The share needs to be browseable.

I too had issues connecting in Windows 8. No login prompt, just gave error (tried to access from search then doing

 \\ipaddress

But no login and gave error

Then in Windows 8 I went to my computer, map a drive and then (add location also works)

 \\192.168.1.90/geoffmcc

geoffmcc being the user I setup with smbpasswd .

Works like a charm


Avoiding the execution upon its installation ldap-auth-config

You can disable the interactive portion with:

export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

Then run your apt-get:

apt-get -q -y install libnss-ldapd


If you've not started to really use it the simplest way to do this would be reinstall using the Something Else option at partition stage, editing partitions and choosing the correct mount points.

Otherwise you'll need to copy data from the existing /home into the new partition.

If you want to just add the partition to /etc/fstab and have it mount that can be done.


Don't bother using make yourself. The software source comes with a debian/ directory which means you can build the packages yourself.

Install some basic build dependencies:

sudo apt-get install dpkg-dev build-essential bzr

Do a checkout of the code:

bzr branch lp:livewallpaper

Go into the downloaded source:

cd livewallpaper

Attempt to build the package:

debuild -uc -us

As this is a plain source directory and no classic debian .dsc or apt-get source download you might see this warning:

This package has a Debian revision number but there does not seem to be
an appropriate original tar file or .orig directory in the parent directory;
[...]

Answer "y".
It will probably fail first with a line:

dpkg-checkbuilddeps: Unmet build dependencies: [...]

Install the build dependencies from the step above:

sudo apt-get install [...]

Build again:

debuild -uc -us

That will take a while.
Install the packages that were built:

$ ls -al ../livewallpaper*.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 gert gert 966020 Oct 16 01:32 livewallpaper_0.4.1-0_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 gert gert  84242 Oct 16 01:32 livewallpaper-config_0.4.1-0_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 gert gert  45874 Oct 16 01:32 livewallpaper-config-dbg_0.4.1-0_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 gert gert 142000 Oct 16 01:32 livewallpaper-dbg_0.4.1-0_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 gert gert  15744 Oct 16 01:32 livewallpaper-dev_0.4.1-0_all.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 gert gert  47258 Oct 16 01:32 livewallpaper-doc_0.4.1-0_all.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 gert gert  73196 Oct 16 01:32 livewallpaper-indicator_0.4.1-0_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 gert gert  13118 Oct 16 01:32 livewallpaper-indicator-dbg_0.4.1-0_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 gert gert  10680 Oct 16 01:32 livewallpaper-nautilus_0.4.1-0_amd64.deb

Install them with dpkg -i ../livewallpaper*.deb
The above step might fail with unmet dependencies if you install the packages on another machine than you built them on. In that case, run sudo apt-get install -f to resolve them and it will finish the installation of the livewallpaper packages.


How to automatically select the right keyboard layout? - with only one keyboard layout

I found the answer in dconf - I changed org.gnome.desktop.input-sources sources from:

[('xkb', 'gb')]

to

[('gb', 'xkb')]

This works very nicely, but seems to have killed the Keyboard Settings:

Probably as I switched iBus and the other thing in a 'incorrect manner' - here is the description of the thing I edited from dconf-editor:

  Schema:

  org.gnome.desktop.input-sources

  Summary:

  List of input sources

  Description:

  List of input source identifiers available. Each source is specified
  as a tuple of 2 strings. The first string is the type and can be one
  of 'xkb' or 'ibus'. For 'xkb' sources the second string is
  'xkb_layout+xkb_variant' or just 'xkb_layout' if a XKB variant isn't
  needed. For 'ibus' sources the second string is the IBus engine name.
  An empty list means that the X server's current XKB layout and variant
  won't be touched and IBus won't be used.

But as it works still, I'll leave it until it explodes or something.

Update:

Setting it to this also works:

[('ibus', 'gb')]

Weird.


Mouse pointer is not captured in 'share screen' mode (Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS)

Google Meet currently only shows the mouse pointer if you share the "Whole Screen" but not if you only share a Window.


keyboard-setup.service very slow on Ubuntu 16.10 (Lenovo z50-70)

I rebooted the laptop. Clicked the system setting, then universal setting.There is column typing. There I set key response short by sliding the indicator. This worked for me.


You can use dd.

First you have to find the device name of the memory card, as this may depend on the card reader used. Run sudo lsblk The output will be something like this:

$ sudo lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
mmcblk0     179:0    0  29.3G  0 disk
├─mmcblk0p1 179:1    0    56M  0 part /boot
└─mmcblk0p2 179:2    0  29.2G  0 part /

In this case, mmcblk0 is the only device, as it is done on a Pi. mmcblk0 is typically the name used with memory card readers, but USB card readers may also show up as sdb and so on.

To make a complete backup of the whole card, issue the command sudo dd if=/dev/mmcblk0 of=filename.img. If the device of the card is not mmcblk0, replace as per output of lsblk output.

This will read all of the memory card into the file filename.img. This should generally not be done from the Pi - as reading a live filesystem may lead to inconsistent results. Power off your Pi, and put the card into a different computer. Do not mount it.

To write the backup back to a card, reverse the input and outputs, i.e. sudo if=filename.img of=/dev/mmcblk0.

Please be very careful, and read dd commands three times before you execute it. If you mix up input and output for instance, you risk destroying all your data!

If you want to compress the image for storage, run for instance bzip2 filename.img. This will reduce the file size significantly, especially if you have a lot of free space. To decompress the image, for restoring, run bunzip2 filename.img.gz.


Install it using the CLI :

sudo apt-get install nfdump

Or using Ubuntu Software Center :

On 15.04 this will install version 1.6.12

You can also compile it to get the latest version (at the moment 1.6.13):

Download:

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/nfdump/stable/nfdump-1.6.13/nfdump-1.6.13.tar.gz
tar zxvf nfdump-1.6.13.tar.gz
cd nfdump-1.6.13

Compile:

sudo apt-get install flex
./configure
make

Install it using checkinstall:

sudo apt-get install checkinstall
sudo checkinstall

Why checkinstall? That's why:

  CheckInstall keeps track of all files installed by "make install" or
  equivalent.   It creates a .deb package and adds it to the installed
  packages database.   This allows easy package removal later. —  Ubuntu  Wiki

Successfully tested on my Ubuntu 15.04.


Is it possible to ssh between two different network?

This is possible if you have port forwarding on a receiving router. For instance, if you want to ssh from office back to home, you need to go into home router settings first, and set up port forwarding for port 22 to a specific IP address on your home network and port number, in your case 192.168.1.106 port 22. That way if you do from office ssh user@XXX.YYY.ZZZ.254 , you will be redirected from router to your home computer.

Settings for port forwarding differ form router to router; just to get a feel for it, look at the examples in the How To Forward Ports on Your Router article

With office, it may be difficult because it depends on your company and typically IT would say no, but you might want to ask them


Making a backtick produce just a backtick

In system preferences, keyboard layouts, there's three UK "variants":

Layout          Variants
------          --------
English (UK)    Default
English (UK)    English (UK, extended WinKeys)
English (UK)    English (UK, international with dead keys)

My keyboard has windows keys, so I'd selected the second variant during the install process, as seemed reasonable.

In fact, the difference between "Default" and the "extended WinKeys" variant seems to have nothing to do with the Windows keys at all.  The "extended WinKeys" variant actually makes many changes to the AltGr key behaviour, most of them for the better, for example, the AltGr-shifted apostrophe and circumflex keys add the acute and circumflex accent to the next letter that's pressed, rather than the random results that the "Default" variant gives.

However, the "extended Winkeys" variant also corrects the AltGr-shifted backtick, and returns a broken-bar as is printed on the key rather the incorrect solid-bar provided by "Default".  That in turn means that the AltGr-backtick can't be used to add the grave accent to the next letter, as would be consistent with the "extended Winkeys" variant, so somebody evidently decided to just replace the backtick with that function.

Since any UK Linux user would use the Compose-key functionality to write accented letters, nobody knows about the differences between these keyboard variants and it just catches people out.  In the various forums that mention the backtick-key giving this unexpected behaviour, everybody was mystified about why it happened.

This is the sort of thing that this bug causes. If I wanted to display the content of a shell script that somewhere on the path, I might type:

$ cat `which zegrep`

But instead, I get:

$ cat ẁhich zegrep

...the backtick and "w" combine into w-with-grave

This is the mapping of the backtick key with the UK "extended WinKeys" layout:

$ xmodmap -pke | grep "keycode  49"
keycode  49 = dead_grave notsign grave notsign brokenbar notsign bar bar

And if you change the keyboard layout to UK "Default", the dead_grave key mapping gets shifted to the third position, which is the "mode_shifted" position (enabled by a Mode_shift key if you had one defined on your keyboard) which makes much more sense:

$ xmodmap -pke | grep "keycode  49"
keycode  49 = grave notsign dead_grave notsign bar bar brokenbar notsign

I'm thinking that I should report a bug, since evidently other people run into this, but I'm not sure what to recommend.  Maybe rename "UK, extended WinKeys" to "UK, deadkeys via AltGr", so that people generally wouldn't select it unless they knew what "deadkeys" were and specifically wanted that behaviour. Or shift the dead_grave function to the AltGr-shifted position on the backtick key, which would make it consistent with the other deadkeys.

Anyway, just goto the keyboard layouts, add a new layout and select the UK Default keyboard.


Live Ubuntu USB doesnt works on newer systems

Simplified Full Install of Ubuntu 20.04 to USB that Boots BIOS and UEFI Mode
It sounds like you may have created the USB in BIOS boot mode and it won't boot on your UEFI mode computer. To boot your USB in both modes tales a little more work.

Download BIOS/UEFI Template: https://phillw.net/isos/linux-tools/uefi-n-bios/dd_grub-boot-template-for-uefi-n-bios.img.xz

Flash image to target USB using Win32DiskImager, Rufus, mkusb, balenaEtcher, etc.

It is recommended to unplug any internal drives especially when installing in UEFI mode. Creating while booted in BIOS mode saves a few steps.

Boot Live Installer USB, and insert Target USB.

Start install process, select: Language, Keyboard, Wireless, Updates and Something Else.

Select Target USB for Bootloader installation.

(Optional Data Partition), Select the empty space on the Target drive and click the plus sign to create a FAT32 partition with mount point "/Windows". Leave at least 6GB empty space for root partition.

Select the empty space on the Target drive and click the plus sign to create an ext4 partition with mount point "/".

Select Install now, confirm partition to be formatted, enter location, name and password.

When install is complete copy /boot/grub/grub.cfg from root partition to overwrite /boot/grub/grub.cfg on boot,esp partition.

If created using Rufus/Etcher or in UEFI mode reinstall GRUB for BIOS boot:
sudo mount /dev/sdx3 /mnt
sudo grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/sdx

Thanks to Sudodus for the mkusb based BIOS/UEFI Template


Steps To Check

Update your Bit torrent
Check the Internet is connected and working. (You can try to open google.com in your browser)
Make sure one last time that you have the latest version of Ubuntu.
You can add tracker in your torrent file.Check this link

If anything will not work

Change Your torrent downloader(Utorrent is a good application)


Ubuntu 11.10 not accepting password to change printers?

Printers are not asking for "root PW".
Printers are asking for "standard user PW".
Saw a screen flash by when working something else.


Try first disabling it

a2dismod mpm_itk

and then re-enabling it

a2enmod mpm_itk

It could be that you have mpm_prefork module installed in which case

a2dismod mpm_prefork
a2enmod mpm_itk


The problem is exactly what it says. If your windows has not properly shutdown, Ubuntu would not mount it in read write mode as writing to the disk may corrupt it.
You can however mount it in read only mode using the command:

mount -o ro /dev/sda2 /media/debo/2290657790655279

assuming you want to mount it at /media/debo/2290657790655279, otherwise you can use any other empty directory as a mount point. e.g. to mount in "newfolder" in your home directory:

mount -o ro /dev/sda2 ~/newfolder


I believe the issue is you are taking 'sudo' on the local box and not on the remote server. I have not verified this, but a structure like the following should work:

rsync -R -avz -e ssh --rsync-path="echo mypassword | \
    sudo rsync" /media/backup1/ubuntubackup ubuntu@*******:/ /media/backup1/ubuntubackup


How to access executable in a separate partition?

Bash scripts don't have to be executable, you just have to specify what to run them with. For example:

bash ./script

Linux permissions (aka chmod/chown) only work on Linux file systems. They won't work on NTFS or FAT32.


Black screen shows off suddenly after 2 - 4 hours

I'd suspect an overheating issue, especially if it is getting worse over time.  Your comment that the fans get loud indicate that either the bearings are wearing out or that they are PWM fans and are reacting to the high internal heat by speeding up.  This does not sound like a kernel version or a RAM issue to me although high heat can certainly adversely effect performance and stability.

More windows open means more work for the CPU and perhaps GPU to do.  And thus, more heat generated.

Could be a clogged filter, clogged air inlet, a dead fan and so on.  Or that you are just running more processes than your laptop is capable of handling.

A quick test to validate this theory would be to take the laptop some place cool, such as outside.

Overheating to the point of shutting down every 2-4 hours will make it difficult to test for improvements.  Failing every 30 minutes, not so difficult.

When in a suspended state, the inside of the laptop case will eventually cool down because not much will be running.

You can install psensor which will monitor temps and discovered fans.  Alerts can be displayed based on thresholds that you specify.  There are several very good threads on this site explaining how to do this.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SensorInstallHowto


I tried installing numlockx.

$ apt install numlockx

In Ask Ubuntu General Room, user dessert suggested me these 2 similar questions. They aren't the same problem but installing numlockx from their answers stopped it for now. If ever it seems to stop working, just send $ numlockx in the terminal to have it restart.

How to enable numlock at boot time for login screen?
How do I make my system keep the numlock turned on at startup?

Added info: Context clues from Google searches imply that Ubuntu has a GENERAL problem with numlocks, and assumes you don't need to have it automatically fixed. numlockx seems to be Ubuntu's workaround driver for it, and is referenced in this FAQ about Numlocks.


How Can I Upload Photos From a Flip Phone to a Desktop

Your phone probably supports PAN protocol (Personal Area Networking) which allows you to send/receive files within Bluetooth proximity.  You'll need to install bluez utilities ( bluez-utils ) from a package manager to get PAN functionality on your computer.  After your devices are paired both supporting PAN you should be able to send your pictures from your phone to your computer.

Also, check to see if your USB drivers for your phone are held in Ubuntu repositories.  Ubuntu has usb driver supports for a great many devices and phones from multiple carriers.  Once the usb drivers are installed you can simply upload images from your phone to your PC via usb cable.

Lastly, if your phone has an external memory card slot, you can save your images on your phone to your memory card and transfer images to your computer with a memory card reader.

Let me know if you made any progress. Take care.


Please add this configuration:

network:
    renderer: networkd
    ethernets:
        ens18:
            addresses: [1.2.3.4/24]
            gateway4: 1.2.3.254
            dhcp4: no
            dhcp6: no
            nameservers:
                    search: [domain.tld]
                    addresses: [123.456.789.101]
            routes:
            - to: 1.2.3.254/32
              via: 0.0.0.0
              scope: link
        ens19:
            dhcp4: true
            dhcp6: no
    version: 2

and no need to reboot just

sudo netplan --debug apply

Please paste the output of this


I guess the problem is editing the file the right way. You can use a text editor that will allow you to edit the particular file as root, so executing the editor in terminal with sudo might help. Dont try it with gedit though, it happens that gedit will say it is not allowed to use it in sudo mode... so what you do is, use one that is allready installed. I suggest, if you are not that familiar with terminal based text editors, to use nano, it allows usage of the mouse, which vi/vim does allow as well, but... not clicking in text, also, but this solution I am not that familiar with... you can use a command to simply append the specified line to the specified file, wouldnt know what kind of command it is, but I am just as curious if someone could help out! Chances are, using vi/vim or nano, you wont need sudo, but just use it to be safe... Also please specify the file path from root / that would help me, I am not that experienced myself, but if you right click elan_i2c_core.c and look into its properties, you will find the correct file path from root directory to the location of the file.


Take a look at the Ubuntu Wiki. Essentially this one means the file or folder is not synchronised. There are another two emblems for synchronised and synchronising.


How do I add System Monitor applet to the Gnome panel in Netbook Edition?

There is a script (/usr/lib/gnome-panel/gnome-panel-add)
for adding applets and launchers to gnome-panel:

john@doe:~$ /usr/lib/gnome-panel/gnome-panel-add -h

Usage: gnome-panel-add [options]

Options:
  -h, --help           show this help message and exit
  --applet=APPLET      Applet to add
  --copy-launcher      Copy the launcher to the user directory
  --launcher=LAUNCHER  Launcher to add
  --panel=TOPLEVEL     Identifier of the panel where to add the applet
  --position=POSITION  Position on the panel where to add the applet
  --right-stick        Make the applet right-aligned on the panel

The following command will add the System Monitor applet to the top panel, 500px from the left side of the screen:

/usr/lib/gnome-panel/gnome-panel-add --applet=OAFIID:GNOME_MultiLoadApplet --panel=top_panel_screen0 --position=500

Note: If you get a top_panel_screen0 is not an existing panel identifier error, replace  top_panel_screen0 with one of the panel identifiers listed by the command:

gconftool --all-dirs /apps/panel/toplevels


Can not open terminal in a normal way on Ubuntu 20.04

I had the same issue and error message with 20.04. I traced it to the python version. The 20.04 upgrade installs python 3.8. I needed python 3.7 as well and had set update-alternatives to 3.7. Setting back to 3.8 fixed this issue.

Not sure if that helps here.


How to recursively and automatically convert all TIFs to an aggregated PDF per directory?

Assuming you've got your conversion running per directory, you just need to merge the PDFs with pdftk.

NAME=${PWD//\//_}
pdftk *.pdf cat output ${NAME:1}.pdf

The first line takes your full path and swaps slashes with underscores.
The ${NAME:1} then skips the first character.

Here's a one-line monster, make sure you don't have anything called ".tif.pdf", or anything matching your desired output name, as they will get obliterated/modified.

find . -name '*.tif' -type f -exec bash -c 'gm convert -monitor "$0" "$0.pdf"; DD=$(dirname "$0"); DN=`eval "cd "$DD";pwd;cd - > /dev/null"`;  D="${DN//\//_}"; FN="${D:1}.pdf"; if [ -f "$FN" ]; then pdftk "$0.pdf" "$FN" cat output "$FN.tmp"; rm "$0.pdf"; else mv "$0.pdf" "$FN.tmp"; fi; mv "$FN.tmp" "$FN"' {} \;


systemd in Ubuntu 14.04 backport wants to delete many files upon install - why?

Looks like one or more of those packages (probably the X.org stuff) on your system is incompatible with the systemd package(s) and the other packages depend on those incompatible packages. Hence why Apt wants to remove them to install systemd.

If you tell Apt to uninstall them you won't have a graphical user interface any more until you reinstall the. Your system will still be usable albeit only from a virtual terminal.


How to fix : cannot bind 'tcp:5037': Address already in use ADB server didn't ACK * failed to start daemon?

You can find out which application or process is listening on the port by using the following commands:

udo netstat -peant | grep ":5037"

OR

lsof -i :80

Get the process id of the process listening to that port and kill it using:

sudo kill -9 <process id>