Set up sudo so that a particular common user can edit /etc/fstab

Create simple script, called editfstab and located in /usr/local/bin (to be accessible as shell command), and make it executable:

echo -e '#!/bin/sh\nnano /etc/fstab' | sudo tee /usr/local/bin/editfstab && sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/editfstab

Run the command sudo visudo -f /etc/sudoers.d/editfstab and add the following rule as content of the newly created file:

ALL ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/local/bin/editfstab

At this point, each system user will be able to edit /etc/fstab, without password, by the command:

sudo editfstab

You can extend the functionality of /usr/local/bin/editfstab by adding a feature to make backup copy before edit:

#!/bin/sh
cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak
nano /etc/fstab


Installing Bootloader/Grub2 on USD with Ubuntu on HDD

The way you can do is here :
http://tinyurl.com/mdpfzpo
Also you can read :

For the first question this link might help you a little bit http://tinyurl.com/q6tm77t

If you'll install the bootloader on USB, then the USB will have to be always plugged in whenever the computer starts.
The link below could be also useful
http://tinyurl.com/ozo5tz8


How to run custom command by pressing a key

To setup a macro, go to SystemSettings > Keyboard > Shortcuts

Click on + and name your macro & add the command associated with it.

Click again and press your keys to associate it with the command- in your case,

  google-chrome  http://search.azlyrics.com/search.php?q=[name-of-the-song]


Cannot enable Shell Extensions for custom themes

Are you logged in to GNOME Shell? Also, have you installed any extension?

As far as I know, the extensions only show up when you're logged into GNOME Shell. In Unity for instance, the Extensions tab is empty.


Calling apt-get -y update in a bash script: once or multiple times?

You need to call apt-get -y update if:

It has not been called for a long time (e.g. in the last 24h)
If the list of repositories has changed since the last update

For the first point: obviously in a simple case it would be sufficient to call update just once at the beginning. In a more complicated script it may be useful to call an internal update procedure before each call to apt-get -y install and inside of this internal procedure you would automatically detect if the last update was run a long time ago and needs to be executed. See How to know last time `apt-get update` was executed?

For the second point: If you have a more complicated scenario and your script may possibly add repositories between the calls to install the packages, you may want to check the last modification dates of

/etc/apt/sources.list
all files in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/

in order to determine if new repositories were added after the last call of  apt-get update, and if it needs to be called again in that case.


Thank you for your help. It's working now.

The correct line must be:

06 19 * * * find /home/khemtit/Documents/Tijdelijk/ -mtime +1 -type f -delete

My mistake was about an extra space and the $ in line:

15 00  * * * find /home/khemtit/Documents/Tijdelijk/ -mtime +1 -type f -delete>$


Half done do-release-upgrade -- now at grub rescue

These kinds of issues are notoriously hard to fix. Something went wrong with your grub, so what I can think of are three options:

Load in a Ubuntu Live CD and do a grub repair on that partition. One of the best tools for the job is Boot Repair.
Backup data and reformat hard drive.
[Sorta don't advice] Try to manually fix grub.

I would strongly suggest you go with the first one.


Right click on the gear in the upper right. Select System Settings. Select Keyboard and then the Shortcuts tab. Proceed with remapping as desired.


How can I contact the developers to ask to upload new software in the USC?

If there is free open source software that you want made available in Ubuntu's official software sources (which is the primary way in which software can be made available to be installed in the Software Center), you can file a needs-packaging request, either upstream for Debian (which is often preferable, as then it gets into Debian and Ubuntu), or specifically for Ubuntu.

You can even package the software yourself, even if you are not its original author. While upstream authors can package their software for inclusion in Ubuntu and other operating systems, much of the software available in Ubuntu and other OSes is packaged by others, and if you file a needs-packaging request and the work is done, it will likely be done by a contributor to Debian and/or Ubuntu other than the program's original upstream author. Of course, you can still ask the upstream authors if they'll package their software for Debian/Ubuntu--it's possible they'll say yes.

As an alternative to officially packaging the software for Debian or Ubuntu, you (or the upstream developers, or anybody at all) can create a PPA for any free open source software. This is an unofficial, completely unsupported and untrusted (by the Ubuntu project) personal software source that users can enable to install software that is not provided in any official software source but which is maintained and packaged by somebody.


CPU scaling: how can current frequency be out of min-max range?

Depending on your processor, and for yours this is the case, cpuinfo_cur_freq and scaling_cur_freq are the same thing.
For some processors, cpuinfo_cur_freq involves a hardware read and can be "expensive" in terms of time, which is the reason it requires sudo to access.

Your CPU frequency can be outside the limits you have set, because the processor itself can back off on the PLL (Phase Locked Loop) if the load is light enough, and regardless of what you asked for. Don't worry the CPU frequency will spin up very quickly if there is actual work to do. In your case, you are using the performance governor, which will give the fastest CPU frequency ramp up time possible.

For your other referenced question, and as I mentioned over there, I think Clock Modulation is involved, which is a problem for the intel_pstate CPU frequency driver. To confirm or deny if Clock Modulation is enabled please add this result to your question:

$ sudo modprobe msr
$ sudo rdmsr -a 0x19a

Note that the package msr-tools is needed for the rdmsr primitive. I'll decode the information, once provided.


Internal error message pops up after each time system is rebooted

Install xdiagnose version 2.5.1, which I uploaded to precise-proposed the other day.

The problem is that the Intel graphics driver has these weird "false gpu hangs".  The GPU locks up but then recovers so that you don't actually notice anything, but it still is enough to trigger the error handler.  Disabling apport doesn't disable this handler; 2.5.1 disables the handler directly.


How to set up night light mode on one monitor and the second one normal

I don't think Gnome nightlight, redshift or even Windows nightlight can do what you are asking but I wrote eyesome and it has been doing that for years:

I've been using it for years and look forward to enhancing it whenever a new problem or challenge comes along.


To make read fail, you neet to close its input. For input from the terminal, just press Ctrl + d to send EOF.


Ubuntu 16.04 How to install rsync server for other systems to access via ssh using cron

You're using the wrong tool for the job. In the Debian world (which includes Ubuntu), packages are installed using apt or apt-get. This is the system's package manager. You were trying to use a package manager (yum) from a different family of distributions, the Red Hat family. This is actually mentioned in the site you linked to:

  On Red Hat distributions, the command is “yum install rsync” and on Debian it is “sudo apt-get install rsync.”

So, instead of this:

sudo yum -y install ssh rsync

Do this:

sudo apt install ssh rsync

And forget about yum.


Touchpad emulate right click and hold with 3 fingers

Try installing touchegg: https://code.google.com/p/touchegg/wiki/Downloads?tm=2

It's not maintained, but it's worth a try.


How to install the latest version of VLC (2.1.2) on Ubuntu 12.04?

There's now a third-party PPA that provides the most recent build of VLC for Ubuntu 12.04, Ubuntu 12.10, Ubuntu 13.04, Ubuntu 13.10.

Press Ctrl+Alt+T on keyboard to open the terminal. When it opens, run the commands below one by one:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:djcj/vlc-stable

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install vlc

via: http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2014/02/install-vlc-2-1-2-ubuntu-12-04/


snapcraft.yaml syntax for a pre-compiled binary

So you're not using Snapcraft to build your web server (remember it can run make, cmake, autotools, etc.)? Use the nil plugin, then-- it does nothing, but allows you to pull in stage-packages. For example:

name: foo
version: 1.0
vendor: me <me@me.com>
summary: My app summary
description: My app description
icon: icon.png

parts:
  bar:
    plugin: nil
    stage-packages:
      - my-system-dependency


How can I check if my computer has AES-NI support?

grep aes /proc/cpuinfo

if there is output that starts with flags and there is something like aes your system supports it.

You can also check this list from intel (268 boards support it).


Yes, you can. Incidentally, that also happens to be the answer to the question "Can I drink a glass of gasoline?".

XAMPP is configured in a way that makes it easy to learn PHP. It's not configured properly to run on the internet. The internet is evil and XAMPP is deliberately made insecure so it's easy to use.

If you want a PHP server, don't use XAMPP. It's possible to change its configuration but it's a lot harder than just installing the parts of it you need in their respective default configurations and adapt them very needed.


Battery indicator missing in gnome classic

app the "indicator applet complete" by going in add panel option, via pressing windows+atl+right mouse click keys on top panel.


How to retrieve a value from a JSON using bash?

Read man cut,man tr and do something like:

regCode="$( aws iot get-registration-code |\
    tr -d '{}' |\
    cut '-d"' -f4 )"

code="${regCode}.registrationCode"


Why are large packages dependent on specific icon themes?

Your question is a bit broad. But I am answering it anyway.
Case 1: When tried to remove humanity-icon-theme
You have two questions for this case. First one is

Why is mono being removed when I am removing an icon theme?

ubuntu-mono is being removed while you were trying to remove humanity-icon-theme because, ubuntu-mono depends on humanity-icon-theme package. The rule is, removing a package upon which other packages depend, will trigger removal of those dependent packages too.
You can see it from apt-cache depends ubuntu-mono command
→ apt-cache depends ubuntu-mono
ubuntu-mono
  Depends: adwaita-icon-theme
  Depends: hicolor-icon-theme
  Depends: humanity-icon-theme

It's clearly seen that ubuntu-mono depends on humanity-icon-theme.
Your second question on this case was

Why is another package being added when I am removing a package?

adwaita-icon-theme-full was going to be installed while you were trying to remove humanity-icon-theme.
The theory for apt is: If some important packages depend on a package which is going to be removed, look for some other packages that has same functionality of this soon-to-be-removed package and try to install it.
And that is happening here. You were removing humanity-icon-theme, but some packages needed it. So, what to do? Look for other packages that does the job of humanity-icon-theme. Apt found that it can be adwaita-icon-theme-full, so it selects it for installation.
Case 2: While trying to remove adwaita-icon-theme
You asked why firefox and other packages going to be removed while you were removing only the icon theme. The reason is same. This package somehow, even through a long chain depends on adwaita-icon-theme. So, trying to remove this will trigger removal of those dependent packages.
For example, firefox depends on libgtk-3-0, which depends on libgtk-3-common, which in turn depends on adwaita-icon-theme. So, Though Firefox doesn't directly depend on the icon theme, but it's needed by some dependencies of it. (You can verify this by using apt-cache depends packagename command syntax)
Same answer can be given for question why gnome-icon-theme is being installed here.
Hope that helps.

OP asked in comment

I don't understand why the packages would depend on a specific theme though. Isn't the point of themes that they can be changed?

Yes, depending on a specific theme is bad. But also a graphical desktop environment needs some sort of icon right? If no icon is needed for a DE, how would it render icons and themes component? That's why every DE specifies a default/fallback icon themes for it. For GNOME, it is adwaita-icon-theme. So, if you remove it, GNOME applications might give you a good bye too! In my system, when I issued command to remove it, it tried to remove 346 packages.
But other than these defaults, you can add and remove any other theme packages.


Setting up Toshiba e-Studio 5005AC on 18.04?

In order to solve your problem, you need to follow these steps:

Download a CUPS filter, any of these two options:

First download link is this one, and the second is this one.

Decompress the tar files using the following command:

tar xvf TOSHIBA_ColorMFP_CUPS.tar --absolute-names

Create queue (manually)

a. Enter the following command:

  ls /opt/toshiba/tap/interface

b. If the above directory does not exist, enter the following command:

  mkdir /opt/toshiba/tap/interface

c. Log on to the root account.

sudo su

d. Open your UNIX/Linux editor.
e. Create the following file.

/opt/toshiba/tap/interface/<queue name>.conf

f. Add a line as below in the .conf.

dest=<IP address>

g. Save the file.
h. Enter the following command:
Color MFP:

cp /opt/toshiba/tap/model/net_estcolor /opt/toshiba/tap/interface/<queue name>

i. Enter the following command:

/opt/toshiba/tap/bin/modPrintcap -a <queue name> <IP address>

j. Enter the following command:

ls /opt/toshiba/tap/bin/flag_<queue name>

Then you should try to print.

More info: https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2139624

Official Installation Manual


What's a good program to generate new character symbols?

You can not really just create a single character symbol.
Why not?
Each character in every digital text is actually just a one or more bytes wide number.
To decide what this number represents is the job of the character encoding of the text. There are e.g. good old ASCII, UTF-8, UTF-16, ISO-8859-1 and many more. For example the number 65 represents A in ASCII and most other codecs, but special punctuation characters or non-latin symbols are normally encoded differently.
Now having the text data (the numbers) and knowing its encoding, we know what letters and symbols each character is meant to represent. However, we don't know yet how that character looks. Therefore we need a font. Fonts define the appearance of every supported character, either using bitmaps or vector graphics. If the font you configured to display a piece of text does not support a character, you'll likely just see a rectangle or some other replacement, like here.
As a conclusion, to have custom character symbols, you need to at least create or modify a custom font and change the appearance of any character to what you need.
But how does that Windows Private Character Editor do it then?
The PCE (Private Character Editor) is a system component of Windows and seems to deeply integrate with Windows' font cache. I don't know how it internally works, but it must somehow add your private characters to all (selected) fonts installed on your system on the fly while using them.
I don't know of any such mechanisms available on Ubuntu.
Why shouldn't I use them anyway?
The problem with using custom characters or fonts is that unless you distribute your font with all those documents that use it (exception: some formats like PDF can also include all used fonts directly into the document), everybody else can not view your custom characters correctly, as they will view it with a different (fallback) font.
And what should I do instead?
Maybe the symbol you need or one that is similar enough does already exist in some generally available fonts?
Otherwise, why not simply making a little image of the symbol you need and inserting that image in your documents wherever necessary? This way it will surely be portable to other systems as well.


How can I merge four workspaces into one? Ubuntu on OS X using Virtual Box

Yes, you can configure Ubuntu to only have one workspace by going to System settings - Appearance - Behaviour - Enable Workspaces.

Yes, you can configure the screen resolution of your virtual box by following this thread: Screen Resolution Problem with Ubuntu 14.04 and VirtualBox

No, you cannot have your cake and eat it too!  ;-)


I added password to /etc/mysql/debian.cnf since this file was with nulled fileds for password.
# Automatically generated for Debian scripts. DO NOT TOUCH!
[client]
host     = localhost
user     = root
password =
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysql_upgrade]
host     = localhost
user     = root
password =
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

Now I have sucessfull Upgrading MySQL if necessary on MySQL starting and server rebooting.
/etc/mysql/debian-start[961]: Upgrading MySQL tables if necessary.
/etc/mysql/debian-start[975]: Looking for 'mysql' as: /usr/bin/mysql
/etc/mysql/debian-start[975]: Looking for 'mysqlcheck' as: /usr/bin/mysqlcheck
/etc/mysql/debian-start[975]: This installation of MySQL is already upgraded to 10.3.25-MariaDB, use --force if you still need to run mysql_upgrade

Looks like all other things works well.
Please let me know if I do not should use this method, since in /etc/mysql/debian.cnf first string was # Automatically generated for Debian scripts. DO NOT TOUCH!


Which desktop package am I actually using?

If you go to System > Administration > System Monitor, enter you password when prompted and then select the System tab, you will see the details of your current install, eg:

Ubuntu
Release 10.10 (maverick)
Kernel Linux 2.6.35-28-generic
GNOME 2.32.0

Where, in this case, the desktop environment is Gnome 2.32.0


Accesing localhost via IP from another computer Ubuntu

The primary reason this happens is your Wordpress configuration.

You need to configure your wordpress site to not use localhost in its URLs.  This is a special name that all OSes recognize as meaning "Myself" (i.e. the system itself that you're using, rather than a remote location).  Change the Wordpress configuration to be IP based, and the URLs at Wordpress will be reconstructed to use that IP address instead of localhost in the URLs.

Clear your browser caches as well, and it should start using the IP address and not the localhost domain/URL name.


How to convert Markdown to PDF (with word wrapping)

Markdown to PDF
With Pandoc
On my Ubuntu 16.04:
pandoc Manual.md --latex-engine=xelatex -o Manual.pdf

If you get the error

pandoc: xelatex not found. xelatex is needed for pdf output.

install the huge (~600 MB) package
sudo apt install texlive-xetex

Markdown to HTML from/to clipboard
You can also: thisOutputMarkdown | pandoc -s -f markdown -t html | xclip -selection clipboard -t text/html to get formatted HTML to clipboard.
If you have the Markdown text on clipboard replace thisOutputMarkdown with xsel -b.
With markdown-pdf NodeJS package
npm install -g markdown-pdf
markdown-pdf /path/to/markdown


Install xautomation, we need the command xte

sudo apt-get install xautomation

and xbindkeys

sudo apt-get install xbindkeys

Create or edit the file ~/.xbindkeysrc

nano ~/.xbindkeysrc

and add the following lines

"xte 'key Home'"
 m:0x4 + c:113

"xte 'key End'"
 m:0x4 + c:114

Test with

killall xbindkeys
xbindkeys -f ~/.xbindkeysrc

The package xbindkeys installs a autostart entry

/etc/xdg/autostart/xbindkeys.desktop

No further things are necessary.


VBox on 14.04, Kernel driver not installed (rc=-1908)

You need to compile some kernel drivers:

First

$ sudo apt-get install build-essential module-assistant
$ sudo m-a prepare

Second, as mentioned in the error, reinstall the kernel module.

sudo /etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup

This should solve your problem.

Sometime only second step can solve your problem (so try it first).

Source: http://www.binarytides.com/fix-vbox-kernel-driver-error/


auditd doesn't work in docker currently, check this: https://www.redhat.com/archives/linux-audit/2016-February/msg00011.html.
Maybe you could use volumes in docker and, by installing a Wazuh agent in the Docker host, monitoring the files that you want, assuming that you want audit for obtaining FIM who data.
Edit: I re-edit again. auditd is a daemon name, it can't start by uppercase. That's why I didn't approve your revision @Shree


Ubuntu 13.10: No Bluetooth adapters found

I installed the Bluetooth Manager from Ubuntu Software Center and it detected the HP X4000b mouse I am using and I selected to trust the device and the I clicked the create pairing button and it works.


I solved the problem. Thanks, Norbert, Karel and K7AAY. In fact I did everything you told me, and one of your solutions worked, though I am not sure which one did. My problem was related to the graphic system, gtk, so the upgrade worked in console mode.

I'm grateful to you all, because your answers made me think! :-)


Driving a WQHD (2560x1440) Viewsonic monitor with Ubuntu - what is needed?

After some research, my new machine has a Haswell-class i7 with 4th gen Intel Integrated Graphics:

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06)

I got a motherboard with Display Port support and it works successfully with the monitor - driving it to a beautiful 2560x1440 resolution from Ubuntu 13.10


Bootable Version of Ubuntu to burn onto a CD (NOT DVD)

http://www.ubuntu.com/start-download?distro=desktop&bits=32&release=lts

This is a link to a 695MB install iso.


How to configure Okular to use SVOX pico for its "read text" functionality?

First ensure that "read-text" functions properly. If not:
sudo apt-get install speech-dispatcher qtspeech5-speechd-plugin speech-dispatcher-pico

Then, configure speech dispatcher by editing the file speechd.conf
sudo nano /etc/speech-dispatcher/speechd.conf

comment out the line
DefaultModule espeak-ng

like this
#DefaultModule espeak-ng

and add a line like the following
DefaultModule pico

The above works nice for English. It would be nice to also have a solution for multilingual environments.


Found that a user replied to someone else's thread that had the same issue and it resolved my own. Posting the link to the comment and a direct link to the website that helped me.

Thread: https://askubuntu.com/a/204280/101761
Direct: http://www.unixmen.com/2012003-howto-resolve-nosound-problem-on-ubuntu/

After I did:

 sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-audio-dev
 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

I went into the 'Sound Settings' and tested in Digital Output, which to no surprise didn't work. But to my amazement found that Analog Output DOES work. And sounds as it should.

Hope this helps someone else and major kudos to Unixmen and kudos to the user who posted https://askubuntu.com/a/204280/101761


why is my ATI graphics driver not working?

I have the same graphic card in my laptop, but I use the open source driver. It works fine, I am able to run Unity and 3D applications normally.

I'd recommend you to install the open source driver  (xserver-xorg-video-radeon  - click on the image to install it).

According to the manual page, the package should support Radeon Mobility HD 3200.


Do I set TripleBuffer "1" or "true" in xorg.conf?

It's the sames as with every other option for (Nvidia's) proprietary drivers. Go to the Nvidia Unix driver page and pick the version you installed. Go to the Additional Information tab and click the Readme link, which will lead you to NVIDIA Accelerated Linux Graphics Driver README and Installation Guide for the selected version. Triplebuffer and other options are in Appendix B. X Config Options.


Q1: I have about a dozen TimeShift snapshots on my system. They definitely share files.
Q2: You should only delete backups using the application itself. That ensures the integrity of each snapshot.
Q3: TimeShift will create a snapshot of home if you configure it to do so. However it is a snapshot. That means if you restore from a week ago, for example, you will get exactly that. Any changes you made in home, edits of documents, new photos etc... will be overwritten and probably lost. I’m pretty sure new files will be deleted if they were added since the snapshot.
Q4: TimeShift mounts your save destination to a particular location in the file system. That means it can look like it’s duplicated but it isn’t. Just after a reboot it probably will not be mounted like that so I suggest you check. Again use the application itself to remove all backups if you choose to.
For the record I have used TimeShift for a couple of years and it has always worked perfectly. I did have an issue once when a change to another package created an infinite loop of files to backup but that was not the fault of TimeShift. I highly recommend it but if you do backup home just be conscious of what will happen.


Meld
Meld is a tool that can compare and merge files and directories. It is a GUI analog to the standard diff  and patch  command line tools. (See man diff and man patch for more details on those)

Also, lots of source control systems (such as bzr  or git ) have the ability to create diffs between versions.


How to install 64-bit libraries on 32-bit system?

You can't.  You will have to manually cross compile the libraries and store them in a non standard location ( so they don't overwrite the 32 bit ones ).

It would probably be easier to just install a 64 bit system and build it natively, or make a debian package and upload it to your PPA on launchpad and let it worry about building it on each of the architectures.

See https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuDevelopment for more information on packaging and other development issues.


Ubuntu 17.04 and higher (18.04)

From Ubuntu 17.04 and onwards, systemd-resolve is used for DNS. You can flush systemd's caches like so:

sudo systemd-resolve --flush-caches


Change Toolbar Button Style in Ubuntu 14.04

bad news...
Actually, this was a deliberate change by the Gnome Developers.
This is the Git commit -

https://mail.gnome.org/archives/commits-list/2013-July/msg02297.html

Deprecate and hardcode default toolbar style setting
Toolbar style can still be changed on a per-widget basis as needed by the application developer.

Thus, there is no longer a global override method and they left this to individual applications to provide this capability.
I havent noticed that any Gnome applications took up this challenge - so you are out of luck on this.


Are there any tablets that support ubuntu?

There isn't any devices that come with ubuntu pre installed.
As of now, there two option to run ubuntu.

Install desktop ubuntu and use with VNC
Install ubuntu touch.

Install desktop ubuntu and use with VNC
This is quite steps need to be done to running this. At end it is not very usable.
Install ubuntu touch
Ubuntu touch is operating system developed for small touch devices. read more here http://www.ubuntu.com/phone/
Both method wants devices with open (unlocked) bootloader.
For this, I suggest google nexus devices. As those are open and ubuntu touch images are ready to flashed.
Here is more details : https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Devices


Not able to start in windows 10 after installing ubuntu18

Solved!

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI

read this document and then realised I cannot start windows unless I go in legacy boot mode. So I opened BIOS by Pressing the Novo button and then select BIOS Setup(My laptop has that button). and changed boot mode to UEFI and started windows. After that removed ubuntu partitions and will reinstall ubuntu in UEFI mode


Well, effectively you will delete everything on any mounted filesystem. The LUKS container itself will stay intact and you can close and reopen it, but your files will be lost.
One could try to recover the files on the opened LUKS container.


According to its filelist there are no executables in the package.
The dictionary database may be used by some other applications. For example install GoldenDict with
sudo apt-get install goldendict

and then add dictionary to it:

go to Edit → Dictionaries

on the Sources, Files click Add button

add the /usr/share/opendict/dictionaries/plain/mueller7.dict.dz (or /usr/share/dictd which is more universal) folder recursively

click Rescan now

click OK

enter some word into search field and enjoy


Rather than splitting your "command" string you can call the subprocess module with parameter shell=True:

subprocess.Popen(command, shell=True)

However we can't test here if this resolves your codec issue.


My first question would be, have you restarted your computer?  This can often correct many issues.  Which version of Ubuntu are you running?

Next, try running the System Monitor application (gnome-system-monitor for Unity or GNOME desktops) and look for those processes running in the background.  Sometimes these programs stay running in the background even after you click the X.  You can use System Monitor to forcibly end those processes and then you should be able to launch the programs again.


you can search for the " Browser " in the Unity then google this:

https://www.youtube.com/html5

then press "Request HTML5 where possible"

here is the link to the thread:

Flash not supported on webapps

Try it! I have heard it works but unfo. it does not 4 me :((


How to make the lock screen look like the login screen?

GDM
You can't make the lock screen look like the login screen.
However, you can use a theme for the lock screen. There are quite a few available at gnome-look.org. Here's an example.


It looks like this is indeed a fakeraid card, and the sata_mv driver supports its cousins, the 2300 and the 2310, but not the 2340.  Where I work we had a server with a rocket raid card that once decided to blow up the raid array for no good reason.  I now have Linux running on that hardware with the fake raid support disabled and using mdadm to manage the array, and the bios is still a little buggy ( it rounded down the size of the disks to the nearest gb, which screwed up grub ).  I would avoid these cards.


How do I uninstall pcloud client properly?

Not official, but you can find most of the files with:

locate pcloud

(If no files are listed, run updatedb.)

Delete the following:

~/.pcloud/
~/.config/pcloud/
~/.config/autostart/pcloud.desktop
~/.local/share/applications/appimagekit-pcloud.desktop
~/.local/share/icons/hicolor/*/apps/appimagekit-pcloud.png

This is unofficial, so some settings might still remain.


Could not connect to bd.archive.ubuntu.com:80 (116.193.170.18), connection timed out

The server bd.archive.ubuntu.com is just not responding right now. Try another server.

Go to System Settings, and click on Software and Updates. On the first tab, locate the dropdown labelled Download from and choose another location for your downloads, or Main Server.


Returning the MD5-hash of all files in a directory to a .txt file with file name

You can use the following bash command:

for file in testing/*; do md5sum $file; done > res.txt

Of course you have to adjust the destination directory of res.txt.
The result could look similar to this:

8b1500ea6fe42927891fd1831bb955ba  testing/Pic1.gif
73f3222889a14411a3b78675ed0bc269  testing/Pic2.gif
c5b18ef1ea1346f13f668a7ead4e4c92  testing/Pic3.gif

So the MD5 hash is followed by the filename and path.


Problem trying to upgrade 10.04 to 12.04

It seems as you're using a Karmic Koala (9.10) repository. As Karmic isn't supported anymore, your system can't be updated.

If you're using 10.04, try disabling those repositories. For further info, could you please attach your sources.list file? Use this command and paste the output:

  cat /etc/apt/sources.list

added by the release upgrader
deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 9.10 Karmic Koala - Release i386 (20091027)]/ karmic main restricted
deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 8.10 Intrepid Ibex - Release i386 (20081030)]/ intrepid main restricted
See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
newer versions of the distribution.

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted
Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
distribution.

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted
N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid universe deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid universe deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates universe deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates universe
deb http://cran.opensourceresources.org/bin/linux/ubuntu jaunty/ # disabled on upgrade to karmic
N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
security team.

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid multiverse deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid multiverse deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates multiverse deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates multiverse
Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'backports'
repository.
N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
'partner' repository. This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is
offered by Canonical and the respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu
users.
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu intrepid partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu intrepid partner
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/dell-team/ubuntu jaunty main # disabled on upgrade to jaunty
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/dell-team/ubuntu jaunty main # disabled on upgrade to jaunty
deb http://kondr.ic.cz/deb lucid main # disabled on upgrade to karmic
deb http://kondr.ic.cz/deb lucid main # disabled on upgrade to karmic

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-proposed restricted main multiverse universe deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-backports restricted main multiverse universe deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security restricted main multiverse universe deb http://kondr.ic.cz/deb lucid main deb http://cran.stat.unipd.it/bin/linux/ubuntu lucid/


How can I run this command without the use of sudo?

I'm trying to do the same, accessing this file from a shell script. Nothing works, even setting u+s permissions to the shell script. Only running the script itself with sudo works.

UPDATE:

I found this to work:

sudo chmod a+rx /sys/kernel/debug

You must do it exactly like this (incomplete path). Works for me.


OK. My possible answer and one that is working right now: I had installed UBUNTU TWEAK. That gave me the option to change the WINDOW theme and the Gtk Theme(whatever that is). I set them both to Ambiance and now I can read the sub menus, menus and button functions. Whew! Hope this helps someone else.


It's not normal, but there have been a small number of reports of it lately. There could be causes such as graphics hangs in which case you could boot with nomodeset and see whether it makes a difference.

Or capture the logs and attach them to a new bug report.  to get to a terminal when it's stuck, and run:

sudo zip -r /host/ubuntu/logs.zip /var/log

Then you can return to the installer GUI  or just reboot:

sudo reboot

Your logs can then be found under windows as C:\ubuntu\logs.zip (assuming you installed on the C: drive).

In your bug report you can mention your full computer specs (brand/model/graphics card) and the release of Ubuntu you are installing.


Try this.

sudo sh -c "echo 'deb http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu trusty main' >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mariadb.list"

As opposed of that, you can feed the input to tee rather than echo directly to the file.

echo "deb http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu trusty main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mariadb.list

I think it's more cleaner and give you the output, but if you would like to surpress it— you can always append > /dev/null to the end.

The command did same thing as adding repository via add-apt-repository, so to preserve the change you have to update the index as well.

sudo apt update


0% connecting to security.ubuntu.com(91.189.88.162) errro while upating the repositoy on Ubuntu 16.04

IP address 91.189.88.162 doesn't point to a IPv6 problem.

Maybe you can try to change the download server, for a temporary workaround. Go to System settings > Update Manager and, in the first section "Ubuntu Software", change the "Download from:" to another source.


According to this howto, Ubuntu ships with the console version of Vim.  This causes the non-standard behavior you are experiencing.  The full version of Vim should be available by executing:

sudo apt-get install vim

This is one of the first things I always do when I install Ubuntu.


How can I view binary .log files with application/octet-stream mime type?

From this answer in What makes grep consider a file to be binary?

If there is a NUL character anywhere in the file, grep will consider it as a binary file.
There might a workaround like this cat file | tr -d '\000' | yourgrep to eliminate all null first, and then to search through file.

I first tried it with one file in a test directory:
parto@subroot:~/Desktop/test$ ls
info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160518
parto@subroot:~/Desktop/test$ cat info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160518 | tr -d '\000' > info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160518_edited
parto@subroot:~/Desktop/test$ ls
info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160518  info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160518_edited
parto@subroot:~/Desktop/test$

And the result, a plain text document (text/plain) text mime file.

Then since I am working with multiple files, I tried running the same command for multiple files in a directory:
parto@subroot:~/Desktop/test$ ls
info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160518  info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160520  info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160523  info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160525
parto@subroot:~/Desktop/test$ for i in * ; do cat "$i" | tr -d '\000' > "${i}_edited" ; done
parto@subroot:~/Desktop/test$ ls
info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160518         info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160520_edited  info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160525
info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160518_edited  info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160523         info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160525_edited
info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160520         info_pdslpostpaid.log-20160523_edited
parto@subroot:~/Desktop/test$

And awesome, all my log files are now in a readable format!! :)


Regarding wubi itself is not a problem, and installation is not a problem, reason behind the wubi to under perform is that when you had windows and started installing ubuntu from windows, you will store it on ntfs drive which is windows file system where ubuntu has different type of filesystem, so converting the file system form ntfs to ext4 filesystem takes processing power therefore mount.ntfs takes up that CPU power. if you had installed ubuntu normally you would not have mount.ntfs at all and normal system behavior.  wubi was designed for people that want to start experimenting ubuntu while keeping windows OS data untouched.

wubi is reliable when you think of it, it did its job, it installed
ubuntu with windows and  configured grup so that you choose between
OS, and note that wubi will be discontinued in future releases.
installing another Linux system you would need to delete
partition/shrink partition  from windows then install the linux
distribution on it.
installing it on external drive would make it slower, reason is the
i/o r/w operations will go trough USB/Network which is slower.

That said, its up to you to choose what you need best.


I have an instance running folsom + quantum with gre. If we talk about pros and cons both are good and reliable, I will share why i used gre.

for me it was more handy to use gre as I don't want to configure vlans on my physical switches.
VLAN mode has limitations over number of vlans we can use which will increase when you use gre , I don't remember the exact number right now.
It is not much impacting the way vm's communicate, it is just encapsulating the traffic before sending it over the link


How to create a diff of a file between it's current and the latest tagged version in bzr?

Something like this should do the trick:

#!/usr/bin/env python

import commands
import sys
import os

# Get the revision number of the most recent tagged commit.
tags = commands.getoutput("bzr tags --sort=time")
latest = tags.split()[-1]

target = sys.argv[-1]
if not os.path.isfile(target):
    print "Error, no such file: '"+target+"'"
    sys.exit(1)

print commands.getoutput("bzr diff "+target+" -r "+latest)

Usage:

 python diff-from-tagged.py test

Output:

=== modified file 'test'
--- test    2011-01-08 19:20:31 +0000
+++ test    2011-01-08 20:00:12 +0000
@@ -1,1 +1,2 @@
 dfsafd
+The quick brown fox


I just upgraded from 11.10 to 12.04. Now my DCM4313 wireless card isn't working. Help?

I just got a issue similar like you. Like, I, whenever installs ubuntu from "inside the windows" using wubi, I could not connect to wireless and had no configuration for it at all. I figured out that my driver could not be found for wireless. Now when I installed ubuntu from outside the windows and made windows partition a secondary one, I got it correct automatically. I just used 'iwconfig` to test out if the configuration is automatically set and yes it was. So i will recommend you to get a fresh install of ubuntu from outside the windows operating system


After 16.04 clean install the WiFi tries to connect when disabled

If "fn+f12" isnt working it might be worth asking HP how you can fix that? Might be a simpler process?

Other wise you might need to use a work around, I found the answers and links here to be helpful:

How to switch off wifi on startup or from the console

The only issue here is you'll need to undo it when you want to use the Wifi again...
good luck!


Wireless will not work with an Intel 5100 wireless card

I have had a similar problem. However it was pointed out (on another forum) that the kernel has been updated and that I should look for an updated driver. My wifi is via a usb dongle so I got the update from Realtek's site.


How to download flash (streaming) videos from sites like youtube, dailymotion, vimeo, etc.?

I would recommend ClipGrab, it downloads videos from many popular video sites including:

YouTube
Clipfish
College Humor
Daily Motion
MyVideo
MySpass
Sevenload
Tudou
Vimeo

It also allows you to transcode the video into multiple formats including audio formats such as mp3 and ogg vorbis.

You can install it from the ppa:clipgrab-team/ppa PPA.


Sounds like you have an incomplete download of the .iso or the burn went wrong.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuHashes - This page contains all of the md5 hashes for the different versions of Ubuntu. Just look for the version you downloaded and see what the hash should be

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToMD5SUM - Page shows how to check the iso using different operating systems. If the hash matches up, there is no problem with the iso file so that means something went wrong with the burn.

If you don't want to go through the trouble of checking, just download again (I would suggest using torrent) and make sure it finishes. Then burn at the slowest speed possible. Or if you have a usb drive and a bios that supports, just use that instead.

Edit: I forgot to mention. The reason I say this is you should not be prompted to log in.


What happened to the lamp-server metapackage on Wily?

There is no supported Ubuntu version containing a lamp-server meta-package. But you can ...

sudo apt-get install lamp-server^

to search through apt-cache for the tasks lamp-server and install the packages in one step.

Example for apt-cache show apache2:

Package: apache2
Priority: optional
Section: web
…
Description-en: Apache HTTP Server
 The Apache HTTP Server Project's goal is to build a secure, efficient and
 extensible HTTP server as standards-compliant open source software. The
 result has long been the number one web server on the Internet.
 .
 Installing this package results in a full installation, including the
 configuration files, init scripts and support scripts.
Description-md5: d02426bc360345e5acd45367716dc35c
Homepage: http://httpd.apache.org/
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Origin: Ubuntu
Supported: 9m
Task: lamp-server, mythbuntu-frontend, mythbuntu-desktop, mythbuntu-backend-slave, mythbuntu-backend-master, mythbuntu-backend-master

Alternatively you can use tasksel:

sudo apt-get install tasksel
sudo tasksel install lamp-server

Read the great answer here for the differences.


How to install python-opencv without answering the quesitons?

DEBIAN_FRONTEND="noninteractive" apt-get install --yes python-opencv


First you have to boot into Windows and disable hibernation and Fast Boot from within there.

To disable hibernation open command prompt as administrator and execute this command:

powercfg /h off

To disable Fast Boot open Control Panel go to Energy Settings, enable show hidden settings and uncheck Fast Boot. After these steps shutdown the machine (do NOT reboot) completely.

Then try to change the boot order in BIOS (UEFI) settings.
Select Ubuntu to be the default operating system to boot.

In case your computer has a legacy BIOS instead of an UEFI based,
(Fast Boot might not be an option)
reinstall the GRUB boot loader.

Boot from ubuntu install media, open a terminal and execute:

sudo mount /dev/sd** /mnt
sudo grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/sd*

Note : sd* = disk | sd** = system partition

If you do not know the partition numbers you can easily identify them with GParted.
This (Graphic User Interface) tool is already included in the Ubuntu installation media.


puTTY serial (ttyUSB0) only works when run as root?

Hit sudo adduser $USER dialout in terminal

Then log out & log back in again for this to take effect and try connect tty without root.


Find the network key in your keyboard and press that or check in BIOS whether WLAN is enabled or not.


What is the meaning of IO Block and how is it calculated?

Linux file systems are separated to 4 major parts .

Boot Block
Super Block
I-List
Data Block

In super block there is parameter by the name of Block Size which means that Linux separate Disk to 4096 block block . As you may know disk in Block Device ( check ll /dev/sda and see b at left ) and you read block from disk not just character . So I/O block means file system read every 4096 block while reading a part of disk . It doesn't relate to file size . For changing BS you should train file system to read smaller or larger blocks ( It is not recommended ) .


I can only receive file using bluetooth in Xubuntu

I faced the same error. In default ubuntu desktop bluetooth was working perfectly. So in xubuntu, I removed blueman (which is the current bluetooth manager of xubuntu 12.04) and installed gnome-bluetooth. After a restart, gnome bluetooth manager was present in the top panel. It worked perfectly. I guess there is a bug in blueman packages.


How to comment out code in a file VIA Terminal

With sed and echo are 2 commands in terminal . I am not using vi (editor) I prefer the simplest nano (editor) but now we will use sed (stream editor) and echo (line displayer) combined with tee (reader) trough a pipe | .

sed 's/^/#/g' -i ~/.vnc/xstartup

echo 'gnome-session &' | tee -a ~/.vnc/xstartup

If the file is admin protected (needs privileges) then

sudo sed 's/^/#/g' -i ~/.vnc/xstartup

echo 'gnome-session &' |sudo tee -a ~/.vnc/xstartup

Thanks


KDE

KDE, which is awesome, doesn't have lightweight support. But alternatively, it has a "low-fat" mode, with a support link here. Be careful when install KDE from another Ubuntu system too, because there are dependencies problem (I had it)

Install KDE, if you don't care of the dependencies problem: sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop

MATE

MATE is a GNOME 2 flashback, of the Ubuntu 10 or 11 times.

Bare package installation: sudo apt-get install mate-desktop-environment-core

Full package installation: sudo apt-get install mate-desktop-environment

LXDE

LXDE is your right choice, because it is for old computers, at least 5 years old. You still got your goods, but lower graphics. Once more, I recommend you to use this.

Install it by using:
    sudo apt-get install lubuntu-desktop or just install Lubuntu.


ssl only root is able to verify the first certificate

If only root can use the new certificate, it might be that you didn't give read permissions to the new certificate file.

You can check that by running ls -lsa /usr/share/ca-certificates/new-cert-name.crt and see if other has read permission

if not, you can add read permission to the  certificate using

sudo chmod +r /usr/share/ca-certificates/new-cert-name.crt

  Note: change the name of the certificate file name to the one you are using

You should also make sure that you can access /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt , e.g. check that you can read its data as non-root user:

cat /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt

check its permissions using

ls -lsa /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt

Grant read permission if missing using:

sudo chmod +r /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt


E: Package 'pkg-config' has no installation candidate

Ubuntu 14.10 : Please replace all text in /etc/apt/sources.list with this new text

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic main restricted
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic multiverse universe
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-updates main restricted
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-updates multiverse universe
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-backports main restricted
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-backports multiverse universe
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-security main restricted
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-security multiverse universe

... and run sudo apt-get update

Installing "OpenSSL's libraries" : sudo apt-get install libssl-dev pkg-config


How to use DRI_PRIME automatically from launcher

Your command should be:

env DRI_PRIME=1 steam steam://rungameid/227300

From env man page:

NAME
       env - run a program in a modified environment

SYNOPSIS
       env [OPTION]... [-] [NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND [ARG]...]

DESCRIPTION
       Set each NAME to VALUE in the environment and run COMMAND.


Resetting my password through the root doesn't work

You don't need to go into root if you're already logged in.

Simply run the command, with no arguments:

passwd

tim@Hairy14:~$ passwd
Changing password for tim.
(current) UNIX password:
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
password changed


How to replace Unity with Gnome3 in Ubuntu 14.04?

you can install Gnome from Ubuntu software center. No need to add PPA. PPA can cause some problem with unity


Create your own PPA on Launchpad
Goto the source PPA
Click on View package details

Click on Copy packages

Select your packages to copy, select the target PPA (your PPA) and the Ubuntu release

Go to your PPA and wait for the rebuild

Add your PPA to your system


Strange sound issue. Hear sound from a running Vbox VM but can't from Xbuntu

Found out that somehow my output was changed from the internal sound card to the HDMI output. I had to go into pulseaudio and change the output which solved my problems.


Sending Files via Bluetooth without Pairing

For sending files from a (mobile) device to ubuntu try 'gnome-user-share'.

https://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-user-share/stable/gnome-user-share-getting-started.html.en

The settings can also be accessed via terminal: gnome-file-share-properties


Choppy video with HD--is there an easy way to downsample or lower the quality so that my videos will play correctly?

You have to downsample them before playing them. (Might take a few hours and you loose quality.)

The hard work is really decoding the video and not displaying it. That means no matter if you display a lower resolution video, the work is all the same.


Ubuntu can't find Arrogant Bastard Vortex mouse

Try with reinstalling the mouse driver:

sudo apt-get --purge autoremove xserver-xorg-input-mouse && sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-mouse


How to permanently open browsers in firejail?

If I understand correctly, you want to open Firefox in a Firejail sandboxed environment every time a web page is opened (by whichever means).
How to achieve this will vary depending on the method you use to start firefox:

Command line
A launcher in dash
A launcher in the desktop

For method 1 above, you can set an alias in your ~/.bashrc (assuming you use bash)
alias firefox='firejail firefox'

For method 2 above, the option you posted in the question should work.
I suggest you repeat that, and if the change in /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop you perform is ever reverted, you check the date of the change.
Then compare with e.g. less /var/log/apt/history.log what could have been the update that caused the change (sources: 1, 2).
You can actually try this in your current state.
You can also create your own .desktop as you mention in your answer.
Then drag it to the dash (I am not sure you did that).
Same as above, I suggest you repeat the operation, and check whenever this stops working for the possible cause.

EDIT
In addition, I suggest you post the following detailed information:

The commands you use to verify when "it is working" and "when it is not", and the output that shows it. It is better if you copy this verbatim (instead of "explaining" what you did).
The location and full contents of your .desktop files, after you changed them, and after the system changed them.

You did not specify:

In your question, what action you performed that reverted your changes in /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop. "An update" is quite loose... did you update firefox, or some other application?
In your answer, what action you performed that made your ~/.local/share/applications/firefox.desktop inoperative. "doesn't seem to have worked long-term" is again loose. Plus, is your .desktop file is still there and with its contents the same as when it worked, but now simply not working? Or was it somehow modified?

Getting your feedback on this will help a lot.
Related:

How do I change the launcher commands?


You have to press and hold the Super key (Windows key).


"Collecting problem information" doesn't end. Apporting does't stop

It seems that you have installed LibreOffice as Snap.

As far I know, it is impossible to use apport as bug-reporting tool for such applications.

You may try to visit https://snapcraft.io/libreoffice and send error report from this page by clicking on Contact Canonical link.

Note: if you do not like LibreOffice Snap, then you can remove it

snap remove libreoffice

and install LibreOffice 6.1.5 from their PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/ppa
sudo apt-get install libreoffice
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


Mounting /dev/sdd1 fails: according to mtab, /dev/sdd1 is already mounted

This is the file you need to add devices that should be mounted on startup and no there is no reason for these 2 to be not on your system:
rinzwind@discworld:~$ ls /etc/fstab
/etc/fstab

rinzwind@discworld:~$ ls /etc/mtab
/etc/mtab

These files are not hidden and have to be on your system in order to boot.

/etc/mtab is generated by the system so you do not need to edit this.
/etc/fstab (link opens man page) you can edit yourself.

Mine looks like this:
rinzwind@discworld:~$ more /etc/fstab

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid -o value -s UUID' to print the universally unique identifier
# for a device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name
# devices that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
#
proc            /proc           proc    nodev,noexec,nosuid 0       0
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=95a95954-0159-4a36-9a72-8b30b76283d2 /               ext4    errors=remount
-ro 0       1
# /discworld was on /dev/sda4 during installation
UUID=bb498131-d803-4a57-97c8-98f9f01a8364 /discworld      ext4    defaults
  0       2
# /discworld2 was on /dev/sdb1 during installation
UUID=b968131f-53d0-408c-8d66-7f429d73fb26 /discworld2     ext4    defaults
  0       2
# /home was on /dev/sda3 during installation
UUID=82f7974a-7c77-4a1e-a494-5ee32f622697 /home           ext4    defaults
  0       2
# swap was on /dev/sda2 during installation
UUID=a81a9a09-862d-4c5a-9baa-fb6a01eaf284 none            swap    sw
  0       0

You need to find the UUID (look at the comments at the beginning of fstab. You also need to know some other things but you can find these by typing more /etc/mtab | grep sdd1 Write down what is says there: you need that for editing /etc/fstab. Editing system files requires the usage of sudo. I would also strongly advice making a backup 1st like so:
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.20110521
You can edit fstab with:
sudo gedit /etc/fstab
But be sure to use tabs where appropriate.


In Ubuntu 18, check this is the path: /home/{your user name}/Android/Sdk
To set your path use this command below:
export ANDROID_HOME=/home/{your user name}/Android/Sdk

export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/tools:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools


How can I buy a laptop/desktop to ensure compatibility with Ubuntu?

There are a range of brands that sell laptops pre-installed with Ubuntu and with manufacturer support. As of March 2020, there are a few articles around on where to go.

Other than that, the Lenovo ThinkPad T series is famous for Linux compatibility. I have a ThinkPad T460 and it's been absolutely great.

Lenovo even keep a public list of models that support linux.


notify-send not working, seems many bugs

The answer is simple:

  Ubuntu's Notify OSD and GNOME Shell both ignore this parameter.

Open the man page

man notify-send

and you can read this:

-t, --expire-time=TIME
      The duration, in milliseconds, for the notification to appear on
      screen. (Ubuntu's Notify OSD and GNOME Shell both ignore this
      parameter.)


What's the equivalent to 'explorer .' (Windows) or 'open .' (Mac)?

xdg-open . will do what you want based on what is set as the default file manager, however since nautilus is the default I personally find it easier to autocomplete nautilus .

(Note that xdg-open is supposed to supercede gnome-open, as it's a Freedesktop.org solution that is cross-desktop and agreed upon instead of GNOME/KDE specific)


A newbie moving from Windows 7 to Ubuntu for the first time. What if I decide to uninstall Ubuntu?

If you install your windows and ubuntu into different partitions there shouldnt be problem to format the partition of ubuntu when you want to uninstall it so you will need just to take care of files you have in ubuntu


Keyboard on my HP Compaq is messing up keys.

Any of the Ubuntu based distros I have tried have a keyboard choice(ex chinese,American,etc)on the installer.American is usually the default,so if you set your system back to default settings,you should get American type keyboard setup.There is a post on how to do that.I just used it the oyher day to fix something I messed up accidentally.


How do I stop gedit from opening anything?

On 11.10 defaults.list is under /etc/gnome/defaults.list

Open defaults.list using any text editor.
Replace text/plain=gedit.desktop  with text/plain=gvim.desktop
Save and close.

Right click on any text file and you will see like this:-

It works for me :)


Yes it should be possible!

You should start by modifying the size of the partition where mac is installed with the mac "Disk Utility".
Then you should install rEFIt: http://refit.sourceforge.net/ which simplify the booting of linux distros.
At last you insert the Lubuntu cd and install normally

EDIT: you may also use rEFInd: http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/ instead of rEFIt as the rEFIt website states, but I personally never tried it.


How to empty the queue of pending notifications?

I have a .desktop file that I use to kill the notifications.

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Notify Kill
Comment=Kill those pesky notifications!
Exec=killall notify-osd
Icon=utilities-terminal
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
OnlyShowIn=GNOME;Unity;

Toss that as notify-kill.desktop in ~/.local/share/applications, wait a minute and it will pop up in your Unity dash.

To use, just open the dash and search for kill or notify, and it will clear your notifications!


System Default is just an alias for the system default (i.e., if you didn't change your configuration, GNOME Classic), and I believe it cannot be removed from the list. To remove GNOME Classic:

sudo apt-get purge gnome-session-fallback

And to remove its entry from the sessions entries:

sudo rm /usr/share/xsessions/gnome-classic.desktop


How can I disable ACL on ext4 filesystem?

ext file systems support an acl or noacl mount option to explicitly turn ACL support on or off. The default depends on how your file system was configured.

Here would be an example line with noacl on an ext4 partition for /etc/fstab:

# /data was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx   /data      ext4     defaults,noacl   0   0

See man mount for more information.


I experienced the same problem after several updates were installed this morning.
To avoid more frustration, the solution I found was to install gdm and use it as my display manager.

sudo install gdm

It might not be the definitive solution.


Sub folders in /home/Documents "disappeared" from Nautilus view

I have "solved" the "problem".
First I tried to create a new folder and it immediately "disappeared".

Solution: I issued the command to force a disk check "shutdown -rF now" the resulting check found some fixes that were required, took the fix option and rebooted. Signed in and all folders were back, including the ones created during the problem period.

Maybe after 8 years of hard labour my disk is telling me something!!


Ubuntu +Xming on Windows WSL: Can open GUI from ssh + command, but not during SSH session

You cannot force a client to enable X11Forwarding by putting an entry in any sshd_config file, but instead need to enable ForwardX11 on the client machine, and for ssh not sshd.  X11Forwarding needs to be enabled on the server, but that doesn't mean it's enforced.

You can do this by editing your ~/.ssh/config for the user, and adding a Host entry for your remote server:

Host theserver
Hostname 192.168.1.1
User username
ForwardX11 yes
PubKeyAuthentication yes
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/some_key
IdentitiesOnly yes

Now you can run $ ssh theserver and ForwardX11 will be active.  When you use -X/-Y flag, you're activating ForwardX11 on the client, the same as by setting up a configuration.  Either way, you will need to enable ForwardX11 on the client, and it is not recommended to do this system-wide for all hosts, but instead selectively for each host.

Don't mess with DISPLAY and allow your client and the system to set everything up.  You were probably trying to fix stuff and added that, but remove it and try simply using -X/-Y flag, or configuring for X11 Forwarding for the specific host, or with a flag at runtime.

You can read more about the security implications of X11 Forwarding here and elsewhere.


Started with Ubuntu 14.04 then upgraded straight to 16.04

1. Yes a damage can be caused if the upgrader started to upgrade software and you stopped it by force. To fix any issues run these commands by terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

The 1st command updates the package lists, the 2nd command fixes any broken packages and the 3rd command upgrades all the packages and fixes inconsistencies (it doesn't upgrade the distro, don't get confused by the name)

2. Grub package is installed by default at all linux distros. When we say install grub, we don't mean the package, but we mean the command grub-install which installs the bootloader at the hard disk (usually the first partition) so that you can boot to your operating system. If grub is gone for some reason then you won't be able to boot at your operating system (you need to have a live cd in order to fix it).

If by "I learned that Grub was not installed. I installed it and it is now gone again." you mean that you don't see the grub menu when you boot your machine, then you need to hold shift as you boot to get your grub menu as @pfeiffep said in his comment.


Unable to recongnize patition table after overwriting the first MB of HD. How can I recover the data

Solved with gdisk from live USB

sudo gdisk /dev/sda

1 Option b to save partition table at USB disk as sda.gpt file

2 Option r

3 Option l to load the save sda.gpt file from USB drive

3 Option w to finish

And voile!

Previous to that I made a backup with gddrescue

sudo apt-get install gddrescue
sudo ddrescue -f -r3 /dev/sda /dev/sdc PATH$/mapfile

and performed as trials the above steps at /dev/sdc


How to remove only the last forward slash in the field?

If you insist on using sed, you could just match the /" combination, to remove the last / in every field, assuming it will not occur somewhere you want to keep it (which should be fairly reliable in this case)

$ sed 's|/"|"|g' file
{"url":"http://example.com/vary/file","originalUrl":"http://example.com/vary/file","applications":[{.........}]}

I used | to delimit instead of / to save a backslash. You need g for multiple matches on the same line.

Here's a way to take out the http:// as well in the same call:

$ sed -r 's|"http://([^"]+)/"|"\1"|g' url
{"url":"example.com/vary/file","originalUrl":"example.com/vary/file","applications":[{.........}]}

([^"]+) will match anything between "http:// and /" that isn't a ". We save this part with () and reference with \1.


Laptop CPU+GPU overheating after update to 18.04 LTS

Disable intel_pstate at boot by editing your grub configuration.

Open /etc/default/grub with your preferred text editor and locate the line that begins with:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT

And add intel_pstate=disable at the end of that string. Here's how mine looks after that:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash intel_pstate=disable"

Now, execute:

sudo update-grub

And reboot your laptop. That's it. It should work as smooth and cool as with 16.04.

Some additional information: intel_pstate governor seems to be buggy, or just plain stupid and unable to detect quick temperature raises and reduce the processor speed in consequence. It seems it'd just pray to Saint Cooling Device for it to keep the CPU below the shutdown threshold. In a desktop computer with a DC9 turbine like fan such leap of faith maybe justified, but in laptops with one small fan like my XPS13 it's better to be skeptic and leave those things to the good old ACPI (Atheist Configuration and Power Interface). At least until the intel_pstate governor grow some brains.

And the turbo boost is mostly useless. Chances are that you won't lose anything for having it disabled. That feature was useful in the days of monocore 32 bit processor, but not in the 64 bit multicore world we're living on right now.


Recover encrypted home directory: login passwd changed, mount passphrase lost

The whole point of encryption is to make it impossible to access data without the passphrase.

So there is no way to restore your data if you lost it.


Network connectivity issue with virtualbox and static ip addressing

Apparently i was trying to connect my virtual machine whilst my own network was on 192.168.1.x. As i learned from network principles the first three sets are the network address (and we realize that by checking the netmask (read more about it on network theory books)), so the virtual machine and my own machine must be on the same network. So how i fixed was to set the default gateway to 192.168.1.1 and the virtual machine nodes as 192.168.1.101 and so on. I

hope a newbie like myself finds this helpful :)


You will have to work with the source code and create a new snap. You cannot change a published snap as such.
You will need to download the source code of the application you want to modify, modify it, create binaries and package these binaries into a snap. The snap documentation contains information on how that works.


SSD not visible in BIOS or GPARTED after DD

I fixed this problem by running diskmgmt.msc in Windows. It prompted me to initialize the disk, with options being MBR or GPT, using the Logical Disk Manager. I was not able to detect it in BIOS, parted, cgdisk nor any GUI tools in Ubuntu prior.


Why can't I change the wallpaper in Gnome Shell and Unity?

In my case, enabling

  Icons on Desktop

(first option in Desktop section of the gnome-tweak-tool) did the trick.


How to show context menu when right-click released?

This is a known bug:

Bug report in Launchpad - unfortunately only a wishlist bug. :-(
Upstream bug report - more information, no consensus reached yet (means: wait or contribute).


How to add nic driver to iso through cubic

You need to install the kernel files for the kernel shown at the top right on Cubic's Terminal page.
For example, if it shows "kernel 5.8.0-44-generic", execute...
apt update
apt install --reinstall linux-headers-5.8.0-44-generic linux-image-5.8.0-44-generic


Thinkpad T440p Hard drive noise- Ubuntu 14.04

My first assumption is that the sound you are hearing isn't the hard drive at all, but a cooling fan.  However, I'll entertain the notion it is your hard drive, and help you to determine if it is actually failing or has something to do with your Ubuntu installation.

Please open your Disk Utility and, provided SMART is supported, use that to determine if your hard drive is healthy.

Next open your System Settings, and then open the icon there marked, "Details" to determine how much RAM your system has.  The reason I request you do that is that the most common cause of noisy hard drives, apart of course from impending failure, is inadequate RAM.  If your hard drive has less than 2gb of RAM, I recommend upgrading it to a minimum of 2gb if you can afford to do so.


A workaround

Make a new or edit the current konsole profile. The konsole profile is saved to the ~/.kde/share/apps/konsole/.

Here, making a new profile: Test. Konsole > Settings > Configure profiles > New Profile. The ~/.kde/share/apps/konsole/Test.profile (font:Andale Mono):

[Appearance]
ColorScheme=Linux
Font=Andale Mono,9,-1,5,50,0,0,0,0,0

[General]
MenuIndex=2
Name=Test
Parent=FALLBACK/
RemoteTabTitleFormat=%h : %u

Editing the Test.profile, changing the font to the Monaco:

[Appearance]
Font=Monaco,9,-1,5,50,0,0,0,0,0

[General]
MenuIndex=2
Name=Test
Parent=FALLBACK/
RemoteTabTitleFormat=%h : %u

Closing all Konsoles, relaunching the konsole.

After this the Konsole text size for the Monaco font can be changed with the Text size slider.


Nautilus script to compare hash values of two files

How about this:

#!/bin/bash
IFS=$'\n'

for file in $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS; do
    result="${result}"$(md5sum "${file}")"\n"
done

zenity --info --text="${result}"

I learned from https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NautilusScriptsHowto that Nautilus puts the list of selected files in that NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS variable. They're separated by newlines. So I set the IFS variable to "newline" so a "for" cycle iterates on lines, not whitespace-delimited words as is the default. For each line/file, I run md5sum on it and append the result to a variable. Finally the variable is output using zenity as you originally did.

This will simply show the md5sum for any selected files (it works for more than 2 files too), so you can visually determine if they're the same. You can obviously modify this script to your needs:

Maybe just exit if more than 2 files were selected
Do the md5 comparison in the script and just output "identical / different" based on the result.


The ld command is telling you that it could not find the pq library. man ld will tell you about:

   -l namespec
   --library=namespec
       Add the archive or object file specified by namespec to the list of files to link.
       This option may be used any number of times.  If namespec is of the form :filename, ld
       will search the library path for a file called filename, otherwise it will search the
       library path for a file called libnamespec.a.

       On systems which support shared libraries, ld may also search for files other than
       libnamespec.a.  Specifically, on ELF and SunOS systems, ld will search a directory for
       a library called libnamespec.so before searching for one called libnamespec.a.  (By
       convention, a ".so" extension indicates a shared library.)  Note that this behavior
       does not apply to :filename, which always specifies a file called filename.

This tells us that the actual file you need is called libpq.so orlibpq.a.

You should see if your rust/diesel_cli environment has libpq.so.

Asking the packaging system about libpq, one sees:

$ apt-cache search libpq
libpq-dev - header files for libpq5 (PostgreSQL library)
libpq5 - PostgreSQL C client library
cl-pg - Common Lisp library that provides a socket level postgresql interface
golang-github-lib-pq-dev - pure Go postgres driver for Go’s database/sql package
libghc-postgresql-libpq-dev - low-level binding to libpq
libghc-postgresql-libpq-doc - low-level binding to libpq; documentation
libghc-postgresql-libpq-prof - low-level binding to libpq; profiling libraries
libpgtcl - Tcl client library binding for PostgreSQL
libpgtcl-dev - Tcl client library binding for PostgreSQL - development files
libpostgresql-ocaml - OCaml bindings to PostgreSQL's libpq (runtime)
libpostgresql-ocaml-dev - OCaml bindings to PostgreSQL's libpq
libpqtypes-dev - parameterized queries libpq extension - development
libpqtypes0 - parameterized queries libpq extension - shared library
libpqtypes0-dbg - parameterized queries libpq extension - debug symbols
libpqxx-3.1 - C++ library to connect to PostgreSQL
libpqxx-3.1-dbg - C++ library to connect to PostgreSQL (debugging symbols)
libpqxx-4.0 - C++ library to connect to PostgreSQL
libpqxx-dbg - C++ library to connect to PostgreSQL (debugging symbols)
libpqxx-dev - C++ library to connect to PostgreSQL (development files)
libpqxx-doc - C++ library to connect to PostgreSQL (documentation)
libpqxx3-dev - C++ library to connect to PostgreSQL (development files)
libpqxx3-doc - C++ library to connect to PostgreSQL (documentation)
python-pg8000 - Pure-Python PostgreSQL Driver
ruby-pg - PostgreSQL interface for Ruby

Check the rust/diesel_cli documentation for requirements for postgresql?

I'll let you do the apt-cache search postgresql yourself, rather than adding 452 lines to this post.


How to use Alt+` to switch between windows of the same application

Go to Settings → Keyboard shortcuts and change the Switch applications shortcut to Alt+Tab and the Switch windows of an application shortcut to Alt+`.


Parse value after tag enclosed in parenthesis

Well, you can grep just the values with a lookbehind:
$ grep -Po '(?<=PID\(|APPLTAG\(|UOWLOGDA\(|UOWLOGTI\()[^)]+' file
27948
WebSphere MQ Client for Java
2020-07-29
11.50.30
23273
service.core.EnricherMain
2020-07-29
11.50.46

-P Perl style regex
-o print the matched pattern only
(?<=things)stuff get the stuff after things (lookbehind assertion)
\( the literal opening parenthesis
thing1|thing2 alternation - match thing1 or thing2
[^)]+ some chars which are not the closing parenthesis

This expression works on your sample, but it may be more reliable to prepend \b to the search patterns so they are only caught if they have word breaks (start of line, space, tab etc) before them, in case the same pattern could be the end part of a word. Also, if there is a chance that there may be a matching word followed by an opening parenthesis, with no closing parenthesis, that you do not want to catch, you can explicitly look ahead for the closing one by appending (?=\)) here to more reliably get only characters between matched parentheses:
grep -Po '(?<=\bPID\(|\bAPPLTAG\(|\bUOWLOGDA\(|\bUOWLOGTI\()[^)]+(?=\))'

I am not sure whether this approach is adequate for your purpose, though.
Many thanks to fra-san for suggesting improvements to this answer :)


Unable to bypass password, /etc/sudoers not taking effect

Why do we even need to use sudo for this application?

You can use a program such as shc to "compile" your shell scripts into a standalone executable binary, which you can just add to the sudoers file. Or, you can even set the setuid bit on it so it actually runs as root without needing sudo.

So, let's try an example:

shc -f myscript.sh -o myscript
sudo chown -R root:root myscript
sudo chmod a+x myscript
sudo chmod u+s myscript

This will take a shell script, and make it into a C executable that has setuid root. Whenever this is called (with or without sudo), it should always run (effectively) as the root user.


How can I install Ubuntu on a Dell inspiron 17R 7720 SE with Windows 8?

In order for it to work on my machine (HP ENVY Dv6 Win 8 preinstalled UEFI bios)i had to go into bios and disable fast-boot and also enable legacy boot for it to work. it warned me that windows 8 might not work afterwards but it did. Another issue i ran into was with the usb3 drivers as those had to be disabled before boot for it to work also. Best of luck


You have to run chown as root user, as www-data is not allowed to change the owner of the files:

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /media/MOUNTPOINT


how to fix error "W: GPG error: on update BigBlueButton

The message is telling you everything, you don't have the key for this repository on your system, the installation documentation is even telling this to use the following line to get the key in your keyring:

wget http://ubuntu.bigbluebutton.org/repo/bigbluebutton.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

This should solve it, if not they messed up their keys and you have to contact them.


USB3 hub with integrated ETH adapter not working when inserted into another hub

This problem has existed since USB-1: The i-tec USB-C Slim Passive HUB 3 Port + Gigabit Ethernet Adapter is a passive hub and I've noticed over the years that active hubs don't have this problem, but passive hubs do: they need to distribute the power they get from a single USB port over their own USB ports, so they shut down the added peripherals or the main hub's port just doesn't have enough juice to power the power-hungry peripherals.

E.G. an SD-Card reader with an integrated hub does the same issue so the rule of thumb for USB hubs is: don't plug hubs or peripherals needing a lot of power into another hub but straight into the computer.

Having said that:

plugging in low-powered peripherals like a mouse into the port of a hub of a hub will work,
some HDDs won't power on unless inserted into a high-power port of the hub (and definitely not into a port of a hub of a hub.): In your case: plug the adapter into the high-power yellow USB Port.

¯\_(ツ)_/¯


Unable to upgrade from 18.04: Sorry, no more upgrades for this system

You seem to be running a 32-bit version of Ubuntu, as evidenced by:
There will not be any further Ubuntu releases for this system's
'i386' architecture.

That's correct. 32-bit desktops have been dropped from future releases, including 20.04. There were simply too few 32-bit desktop contributors and testers.
Your current 32-bit Ubuntu 18.04 will be supported for the full five years (until April 2023).
Ubuntu draws it's strength from volunteer contributors and testers. It's quite possible to resume 32-bit desktop development...if enough volunteers step up to handle the (considerable) work.
If you happen to be running 32-bit Ubuntu on 64-bit hardware, you can install 64-bit Ubuntu. You cannot "upgrade" to the different architecture -- it requires a new install.


Jayatana for Android Studio on 17.04 not working

Ubuntu 17.04 has a different value for XDG_CURRENT_DESKTO env variable

XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=Unity:Unity7

So changing it back to the following fixes the problem, I don't know other side effects this might have

export XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=Unity

Please refer to: After upgrade to Ubuntu 17.04 integrated menus do not work for updates.


where are the files and dirs "recently used" stored?

The Recently Used information is stored in a file called recently-used.xbel located under the .local/share directory per user, the full path being:

~/.local/share/recently-used.xbel

It contains metadata on the recent files, like what is the application that opened it, or the application that should display it in its history.

For example, my gedit shows 3 files:

If I search for gedit in the file, I can surely see 3 "stanzas" because there are 3 files, here's one of them as a sample:

<bookmark href="file:///path/to/dsasd" added="2014-07-26T19:22:24Z" modified="2014-07-26T21:52:22Z" visited="2014-07-26T19:22:25Z">
<info>
  <metadata owner="http://freedesktop.org">
    <mime:mime-type type="text/plain"/>
    <bookmark:groups>
      <bookmark:group>gedit</bookmark:group>
    </bookmark:groups>
    <bookmark:applications>
      <bookmark:application name="gedit" exec="&apos;gedit %u&apos;" modified="2014-07-26T21:52:22Z" count="7"/>
    </bookmark:applications>
  </metadata>
</info>

The recently-used.xbel file is part of the GTK+ toolkit. I tried looking for some documentation on it, but this is the closest I can get:

GtkRecentManager - gnu.org
GTK+ 3 Reference Manual: GtkRecentManager

GNOME uses the GTK+ library, while KDE uses the QT library, I assume that's why it doesn't work with KDE. As for wine, I don't know, maybe it's just not designed to work with it.


How to highlight only file name when renaming file in Krusader?

Go to Settings->Configure Crusader->Panel and uncheck Rename selects extension.


How to Disable ctrl-alt-fx key combinations in 18.04

Running the command: "setxkbmap -option srvrkeys:none" in a script file that executes on login did the trick.
Also you can use: setxkbmap -option ''  to remove all keyboard options.


Fix 'no-sound' issue for game family-farm

Sound disappeared when I installed the full game. I checked in the installation folder /usr/lib/familyfarm and I compared it to the demo folder and I see there is two library files missing:

libasound.so
libCg.so

After copiyng both files in the installation folder, sound now works. You will need root permissions to copy files into /usr/lib/familyfarm. Hope it may help someone.

Using Ubuntu Studio 12.04 (Xubuntu)
Xfce 4.8


Ubuntu 14.04 left launcher doesn't show up

I think I simply forgot that I used this extension, which is by the way great extension

Dash to Dock


Failure when recovering from hibernation with encrypted drive on Ubuntu 20.04. Swapfile priority?

I can at least answer the question about how to change swap priorities.  You can set this manually in your /etc/fstab.  If you want to prefer using your swapfile, edit /etc/fstab for the line that contains your swapfile mount.  Looking at your link, it looks like you probably have something in the form of:
/swapfile                   none            swap    sw              0       0

Change it to:
/swapfile                   none            swap    sw,pri=1       0       0

Reboot and your machine should prefer to use the swapfile over the partition.


Can't start MySQL service after permissions issues

After a suggestion by cargo, I was able to get things working again by giving permission for the root group to access /var/log/mysql. I then restarted the mysql service with sudo service mysql restart and everything was back to normal.


White screen with pointer after removing Unity

I believe that you still have some leftovers on your computer that are trying to run Unity. If you do have a file called /usr/share/xsessions/une.desktop, then this should bring you back to your normal GNOME session:

When at the GDM login screen, make sure you have set the session to "Ubuntu Desktop Edition":

Now if that worked, you still have some packages from the Netbook Editions installed. To get rid of (most of) them, execute the following in a gnome-terminal:

sudo apt-get purge appmenu-gtk bamfdaemon indicator-appmenu \
indicator-datetime libbamf0 libclutk-0.3-0 libdee-1.0-0 \
libmutter-private0 libunity-misc0 libunity0 mutter mutter-common \
ubuntu-netbook-default-settings unity unity-asset-pool \
unity-place-applications unity-place-files


Cannot open my external hard drive anymore

I had this happen recently. For me ntfsfix worked.

First, open a terminal and install ntfsprogs

sudo apt-get install ntfsprogs

Then to check and fix the NTFS drive with this command:

sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdb1

where /dev/sdb1 is the location of your drive.


How do I fix the mouse after pairing with Bluetooth?

Good question. Here is a workaround.

Open a terminal. Use the windows key to open the HUB and type terminal and use the arrows keys to open a terminal.
Type the command xinput in the terminal. That will give you a list of the input keyboard and pointer inputs on your computer. It will look something like the table below.
Find the entry that says touchpad and enable it as follows. You can enable it by typing xinput set-prop 12 "Device Enabled" 1 (set-prop means set the property and the 1 means put it on). To switch it off, for instance, you would use xinput set-prop 16 "Device Enabled" 0.
Hit the button you want and enjoy control over your computer. Find out whether the error occurs again. If so, google, ask a question here or file a bug (in that order).

This is the table you will see in step 2:

⎡ Virtual core pointer                          id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad                id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                         id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Sleep Button                              id=9    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Laptop_Integrated_Webcam_1.3M             id=10   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=11   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Dell WMI hotkeys                          id=13   [slave  keyboard (3)]

This is a comparable question: How to disable the touchpad?


VLC does not support MSS2 codec for now. It should be supported in release 2.1 as can be seen from the comments here https://trac.videolan.org/vlc/ticket/750. The latest version available for download for now is 2.0.4. So wait for version 2.1 or try some other player for example MPlayer which supports MSS2 codec.


Ubuntu taking a long time (if it doesn't fail) from http://releases.ubuntu.com/, but downloads fast and fine from a provided mirror

Nothing seems to be wrong on both ends, and nothing needs fixing. Downloads from a local mirror will usually be much faster, which is why there are multiple mirrors, as well as bittorrent links.


I am not sure if this will answer your question exactly but If you go into system settings then user accounts it gives you an option to turn on/off automatic sign in for each user account. So you could turn this future off for the "ubuntu" account and turn it on for your self made account. Hope that fixes your problem.


Error while installing shared libraries libX11-xcb.so.1

To get 32-bit version of the library you have to add :i386 after the package name:
sudo apt-get install libx11-xcb1:i386


click on that disabled text then it will ask for new acceleration keys now hold the keys that you wanna set.


How do I diff the output of two commands?

Command substitution `…` substitutes the output of the command into the command line, so diff sees the list of files in both directories as arguments. What you want is for diff to see two file names on its command line, and have the contents of these files be the directory listings. That's what process substitution does.

diff <(ls old) <(ls new)

The arguments to diff will look like /dev/fd/3 and /dev/fd/4: they are file descriptors corresponding to two pipes created by bash. When diff opens these files, it'll be connected to the read side of each pipe. The write side of each pipe is connected to the ls command.


Ubuntu hotspot unstable and unable to connect to it from android 4.4.4 cyanogen mod

To set up a simple wifi hotpsot for Android and other phones using ap-hotspot as detailed here.

Basically, install it:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8

Press Enter to confirm this - then run these to actually install it:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ap-hotspot

Use ppa's at your own risk
Start it with:

sudo ap-hotspot start

You can also stop it:

sudo ap-hotspot stop

and configure it:

sudo ap-hotspot configure

Additional info for Ubuntu 14.04:

Note this may present a security risk due to using a outdated package - also that since that was written the update hostapd in 14.04 may work, so only try this if the above does not work.

Ubuntu 14.04 apparently needs a special fix as well (bear in mind it does not have the security fixes of the newer versions).

  the hostapd version in Ubuntu 14.04 is buggy and doesn't
  work properly. To get AP-Hotspot to work with hostapd in Ubuntu 14.04,
  you need to downgrade hostapd and use apt to hold the package so it's
  not upgraded (thanks to spupuz for the tip!). To do this, use the
  following commands:

  64bit:

cd /tmp
wget http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/w/wpa/hostapd_1.0-3ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i hostapd*.deb
sudo apt-mark hold hostapd

  32bit:

cd /tmp
wget http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/w/wpa/hostapd_1.0-3ubuntu2.1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i hostapd*.deb
sudo apt-mark hold hostapd


What are best ways to improve thermal performance on Dell Latitude E5570 running Ubuntu?

The Good news and the Bad news about overheating
The good news is there are lots of answers in Ask Ubuntu dealing with overheating so you should be able to find a combination of solutions to deal with the issue.
The bad news is there are lots of answers in Ask Ubuntu dealing with overheating so there are lots of other users with overheating issues.
Summary of experience with Dell Inspiron 17R 7720 SE
Each laptop model can require different "tweaking" for CPU frequency, Turbo Boost, Hyper-Threading, Fan Speed and battery life. The answers I've written are based on my Dell Laptop. Here are the answers I've written for others with overheating issues:

Bash script to sleep at given CPU temperature ~ update for 16.04
How to set "Performance" instead of "Powersave" as default?
Stop cpu from overheating
Laptop running hot under ubuntu
What causes my fan to run?
No version of Ubuntu can be installed with any Skylake 6th generation Intel processor

Which is the best link?
From the answers I've written I feel Stop cpu from overheating is the best link for you. However I've included all the links because answers written by other users will probably be helpful and some might even be better for your laptop.


I solved it. Problem was that nvidia cards for notebooks (I got geforce 635M) require bumblebee:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia
sudo reboot

After reboot run your games ( 0ad for example ) like this:

optirun 0ad

Works like charm.


You can add blocked websites to /etc/hosts and point them to localhost.

    127.0.0.1 firstblockedwebsite.com

    127.0.0.1 secondblockedwebsite.com

by this way ,blocked websites will show localhost, don't forget to check /etc/hosts permission.


GUI Solution

In nautilus, open up the selection dialog using ctrl + S
Type *.jpg to select all images with the .jpg extension

Invert the selection using ctrl + shift + i to select the ones without the .jpg extension (which is what you want).

Right click and choose Move to trash or just press the delete key.
From here you can also do anything else you want - compress, cut, etc.


Can I use source test1.sh with gnome-terminal -x?

You must export any variables that need to be referenced in a subshell.

In your example put the statement:

export a b c

somewhere before you invoke gnome-terminal. Alternatively, define the variables with the export statement:

export a=1 b=2 c=3

I presume you source test1.sh in an attempt to work around the export requirement (since a sourced file is interpreted by the sourcing shell, not executed in a subshell). What you are overlooking is that opening a gnome-terminal will start a new shell.


Can I adjust metrics on my two network interfaces?

You can add metric to your interface

If you use dhcp to configure eth interface

sudo nano /etc/network/interface

then add metric

auto eth0
  iface eth2 inet dhcp
  metric 800

If you have static ip

auto eth1
  iface eth1 inet static
    address 10.10.0.10
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    gateway 10.10.0.1
    metric 800

Also you can create script to change gefault gateway

Example:

 sudo nano /etc/network/if-up.d/script

and put content

# Check for specific interface if desired
[ "$IFACE" != "eth0" ] || exit 0
# put default gw to wless
route add default dev wlan0

give script privilege

chmod 755 /etc/network/if-up.d/script

if-up.d will trigger script called script when eth0 go up and put default gw to wlan0

Or you can to manually add metric to route

sudo route add default gw 10.10.0.1 metric 800

10.10.10.1 is default gateway for eth network

Or if you do not need resources on ethernet subnet except that subnet,
I mean all the host you talk trough cable is on same subnet, you can delete default gw from eth card setting.


Error message 0xc00000001 while booting Windows 8 after installing Ubuntu

According to NeoSmart Knowledgebase (creators of EasyBCD):

  Fix 0xc0000001 in Windows 8

  Windows 8 users may fix this boot error without an installation disc
  by using the Windows Startup Settings (see Fix #1 below).

  Fix #1: Use Windows Startup Settings

  Restart your computer
  Press SHIFT + F8 when booting to open the Recovery screen
  Select the Advanced repair options
  Go to “Troubleshoot” and then “Advanced Options”
  Select Windows Startup Settings
  Click on Restart

Reinstalling Windows Boot Manager with new BCD

If that doesn't work for you, you probably have invalid BCD data after moving partitions. You can fix this by creating new BCD data with bcdboot from another Windows 8 installation, Windows 8 installation media or Windows 8 Recovery Disk. Have a look at the NeoSmart site, you will find Recovery Disks there. The same works for other Windows versions accordingly.

Using the bcdboot command isn't very complicated:

bcdboot C:\Windows /s S:

This example taken from the Technet page about bcdboot would install from current C:\Windows source to drive S:. S: should be the drive with the boot flag  (1), which is usually called System on OEM installs, so S: may be correct.

As far as I know bcdboot is only available on Windows 7, Windows 8 and above. (Don't ask me for advice on EOL software.)

Reinstalling GRUB

Since this will overwrite the MBR on a computer with an old partition table, you will need to reinstall GRUB, to be able to boot Ubuntu again:

How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?)


Some domain / address downloads a lot of data

You wouldn't happen to be using cloudfare's dns? or maybe your phone is, by default? What port(s) are the connections going to?
Because of the nature of their business, I would think that you are using a site that is using their services... Did any of the sites you use stop working correctly when you blocked the IPs you've already blocked?
.......it "SEEMS" clamav is the one you should still be focusing on...
https://gethpinfo.com/showdomain/www.clamav.net.html
There are your suspect IPs. I could be wrong but cloudfare is a proxy, and clamav.net is on their IP space.
I would configure clamav to do updates on demand in this situation... BUT being that you still see the traffic and you say you removed it??? may or may not have solve the original problem.
...OR confirm that clamav is truly removed
According to their site, this is cloudfare's IP ranges, if you still want to block them.
https://www.cloudflare.com/ips/