Thank you for your wealthy help.

Now, I have solved this issue by using the following. We most agree that is a temporal method while we haven't a final solution:

The machine is Toshiba NB255-SP1002M, 32 bits, originally with Windows 7 starter in Spanish. In this machine you can up the wireless device (AR9285) ONLY via software (no via hardware exist) by pressing Fn + F8. This profile is managed by means a Toshiba support utility named TVAP Toshiba Value Added Package (versionv1.3.6; 04-09-2010; 44.36M).

Normally, by shutting down the wireless device (with Fn + F8) we save charge in the battery; so in some time I turned off the device. After I booted the machine and then I installed Linux Ubuntu 11.04 Natty N. Finally, it is when I saw the abnormally that you say me in order to my initial question above, because I understand you when you said me if I had accidentally shut it down.

I discovered that at the time there is not an utility in Linux for  a TVAP (unfortunately, TVAP exists only for Windows platform, as far as I know). So, the solution was to recover Windows 7: I made a little partition (20 GigaBytes) so I installed it. I downloaded the TVAP utility in www.toshiba .com and installed it. Then I have a principal partition for Ubuntu 11.04 and secondary partition for Windows 7. Now, I am able to turn on and of the AR9285 in the Windows 7, so I finally turn it on. Next, I restarted to Ubuntu and I fortunately I have:

root@zorrillo:~#
root@zorrillo:~# rfkill list
0: phy0: Wireless LAN
    Soft blocked: no
    Hard blocked: no
root@zorrillo:~#

root@zorrillo:~# lshw -class network
  *-network
       description: Wireless interface
       product: AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express)
       vendor: Atheros Communications Inc.
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:07:00.0
       logical name: wlan0
       version: 01
       serial: 00:26:4d:c3:d0:44
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
       configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k ip=192.168.0.10 latency=0
       multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn
       resources: irq:17 memory:f0100000-f010ffff

Before, I had the parameter *-network DISABLED  in the last command. Note, now we can see that the "DISABLED" word does not already exist.

The only manner to manage the AR9285 in Ubuntu via hardware is by playing whit the BIOS utility when restart the machine. It could be annoying, remember it is provisional for me while TVAP does not exist for linux. Unfortunately, I am not software developer for support this weakness. I advert I have proved whit UBUNTU 11.04 and 10.04 LTS and for both, It is the one manner that I have know now.

It is not uncomfortable for me. Really the Windows 7 is encapsulated in a little space of 20 Gigabytes; and meanwhile I have available 220 Gigabytes for linux, so what's the problem?

Yo maybe decide to erase Windows 7 (once you have turn on the wireless device with the windows TVAP utility, if you want you can write erase of your hard disk), however I prefer remain the Windows 7 for any similar problem.

So, the next challenge is to create the TVAP utility in linux platform; maybe it is necessary to apply inverse engineering at the TVAP Toshiba Value Added Package. So, who will be the valient? hahaha. However I'll try.

Thanks guys, a salute from Coatzacoalcos, México.


After installing Gnome, icons in Unity changes

It turns out that it's just a misseting in appearance->theme. After the change the theme back to Ambience, it looks all right again.


Open a termimal and write the following

sudo rm -r /usr/repo

and you will have your problem solved


How does Mozilla Thunderbird handles my key, and can it import directly from gpg keyring?

The answer is no. There is no way to have Mozilla Thunderbird utilize your existing gpg keyring for public keys.
Per this thread:

Public keys have to be imported into Thunderbird OpenPGP. There is no
way around that. This is a design choice.

This is pretty mind-blowing. Can we go back to enigmail? Now we all have to maintain two distinct databases with the same content storing my contact's trusted keys and their level of trust :(
If we meet someone in-person and are able to verify their fingerprint and identity, we have to update it in more than one place. If we forget, then it's a nightmare trying to keep it all in-sync.


problem running apt-get and dpkg command in ubuntu14

This means that another process is running which is using apt's package lists. To avoid problems with concurrent access, only one process can hold the lock on these files at once.  apt-get and dpkg will show these errors instead.

Is Software Updater (or another Ubuntu package management tool) running in the GUI? If so, close it and try again.

Or you can check for other running apt processes using ps.

These is a similar question here with several more answers on how to check for other processes and either kill them, or remove the lockfile. If you can't easily get the directories unlocked, check here: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/) is another process using it?


I installed 10.04 on my laptop, and the internet is gone

Ubuntu 10.04

From LaunchPad

The simplest way to get it working is here :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lexical/hwe-wireless
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtl8192ce-dkms

The other option would be to upgrade to 11.10 (Oneiric)

This is because the necessary drive is included in the Oneiric (3.0.0) kernel.

See this bug report


Will the Ubuntu Edge work with 800MHz CDMA networks in India


When I run Nautilus or Guake from awesome wm the wallpaper is reverted to my Unity background

Install dconf-tools

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Open dconf-editor.
Search for org > gnome > desktop > background
Uncheck "draw-background" and "show-desktop-icons".

Good Luck!

P.S. I have no experience with awesome wm and cannot test my solution, but I really think this should solve your problem. I am sorry in advance to steal your time if it does not work.

Edit:
I overread the Guake Part of the question. I am not sure if you want the Unity background or not, but there is "Guake Preferences" installed with Guake, where you can set a background or switch transparency off to get what you want. or not?


Ubuntu 18.04 Kernel (5.0.13) cpupower does not run

I am not sure if this could help, but I had the same message when installing cpupower E: Unable to locate package cpupower
I ve read on ubuntu packages site that its requirement  was linux-tools-generic, so I successfully installed it. However upon starting it I had that message above it needed it for a different kernel, so I also installed the listed suggestion for my kernel linux-tools-5.0.13-050013-generic. So maybe first installing a generic library linux-tools-generic helped to propel the installation forward with a more specific kernel package, unless you also miss some repositories configurations and libraries in them. I have added Bionic repos to my fossa repos, though I still experience many issues locating various packages as I have installed a slim version of ubuntu if that could be the case perhaps.


Installing LibreOffice on XUbuntu downloaded on another PC

The first time it failed was maybe due to corruption of data, but the second time, you downloaded the wrong file type. Download this file from libreoffice.org. After copying to your Xubuntu PC, extract the file. You will get a .deb file. Double click it to install


WIFI Adapter on Lenovo T440 with Ubuntu 16.10, in DOWN state, cannot change state

More research pulled up instances where users found killing the network-manager service and restarting it fixed the issue momentarily. I was able to confirm this is a valid work around.

To solve the issue i completely purged network-manager and reinstalled it. after a reboot network-manager is not crashing when I attempt to connect to a new network.

Since I completely removed the application this may have after effects that I'm not aware of. So far everything seems to be working fine.


How can I install Ubuntu without overwriting my windows OS?

I suggest a safer alternative just to "have a go" is Wubi.

This has practically zero chance of nuking your Windows install and will let you try out Ubuntu just about as well as installing it natively. It runs on bare metal (that is to say, its not inside a VM) but disk access is a little slower since it has to go through another layer (it translates disk accesses to a file on the Windows filesystem).

No repartitioning required, which is probably the most dangerous bit for a new multi-OS user.

I would say go with Wubi for now and when/if you get a new HD, set it up with dual-boot in mind from the start.

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu/windows-installer


How can bypass startup time in Ubuntu 14.04 server?

Either one of the above interfaces enp0s3 or enp0s8 does not get an address through dhcp. What is the output of ip addr?

enp0s8 is the culprit. Just comment out the entries and you're good to go:

#auto enp0s8
#iface enp0s8 inet dhcp


Comment out/remove auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp - it is the reason why dynamic IP is being assigned (using DHCP).
You shouldn't have the same interface defined twice.
See https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/network-configuration.html for more details on network configuration.


There isn't an 11.10 PPA for Kile listed at that PPA, just 12.04, 11.04, 10.10, and 10.04. Not sure why they skipped 11.10. You could attempt adding the PPA for 11.04 or 12.04, but I'm unfamiliar with Kile so I don't know how well that work work or not.


Actual computer memory used by Windows XP virtual machine?

I'm really not sure what you're asking, but I'll give it a shot.

When you create the hard disk image for your VM, make sure to select "Dynamically Expanding Storage":

This way, the machine will only take up as much space as it really needs, not the full n gigabytes right away.


Noob with a Lenovo Y50-70 running Ubuntu 15.10 w/ Nvidia 960m not running or even showing up

Run these:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo apt-get purge bumblebee* primus
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352 nvidia-prime
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:bumblebee/stable


How can I add/remove music from my Ipod on Banshee?

YMMV but I have been able to access my iPod classic in Banshee without any efforts. You will need to enable Apple Device Support. On attaching iPod, I can see it as a device and can add/ remove music.


Postfix configuration : postmap: fatal: bad string length 0 < 1: setgid_group =

just comment out in main.cf the setgid_group = line

#setgid_group =

and rerun

sudo postmap /etc/postfix


Ubuntu 18.04 mounted network shares not appearing under devices in file manager

I can only talk about a cifs mount.

I never noticed that before but it's probably because of how I mount these shares which you may consider as a work around for your situation.

I have a guest share that I want to mount. If I try to mount it your way it does exactly what you said:

sudo mount.cifs //server/share /home/morbius/Public -o guest

But if I mount it in fstab as a "mount as required" entry it does list it on the side panel of Nautilus. My entry in fstab would look like this:

//server/share /home/morbius/Public cifs guest,user,noauto 0 0

As soon as I save fstab a "Public" folder appears on the side panel of Nautilus. If I click on it ( as an ordinary user because of the "user" option ) the share is mounted . This will work if the mount point is in my home directory or under /media. It will not work if the mount point is anywhere else. Note: these shares will not automount (noauto). They will only mount when I click on the icon on the side panel. They can also be unmounted from that same icon.

I suspect what is happening here is that because of the mount point location and the fact that it is in fstab it induces a udisks response that forces the icon to appear on the side panel.

Also, for me these are known shares on known hosts so if you use mount.cifs manually to mount random shares on random hosts this workaround will not help much.


Why is libyaml in Ubuntu 10.04 LTS server not being patched for security issues?

Ubuntu 10.04 LTS Desktop has reached EOL, while 10.04 LTS Server is still supported. 10.04 was the last LTS release which had different support length for the Desktop and Server versions. Since 12.04 every LTS release is supported for 5 years.

So the interesting question is what packages have became unsupported by the EOL of 10.04 LTS Desktop? You can look here where you will find a link to this list of still supported packages. As that list's first line confirms:

  Lucid source packages not in this list are unsupported starting Apr 29, 2013

libyaml is not in that list. (How that list was decided I don't know.)

I feel too the discrepancy when it is said that the LTS Server is still supported, but only a few packages are truly supported. But this was well-known before, that the EOL of the Desktop release will cause a lot of packages to be no more supported. This discrepancy is likely one of the cause why Canonical switched to support every LTS release for 5 years, be it Desktop or Server.


Keeping qbittorrent when moving from 32 bit to 64 bit

You'll need to backup the following folders, as well as the downloaded data:

~/.config/qBittorrent/
~/.local/share/data/qBittorrent/

info source


script to minimize / unminimize window in unity

This script will open onboard if its closed and kill if it is opened.

#!/bin/bash
a=$(ps -A | grep onboard)
if [ "$a" = "" ]; then
onboard
else
killall onboard
fi

exit 0

ps.: The script can take any name except *onboard*.


How to stream a local video file over Internet using avconv/avserver?

Using a line like this will get you moving:

avconv -f video4linux2 -s 640×360 -r 30 -b 350k -i /dev/video0 -f flv rtmp://live.twitch.tv/app/live

Where

-s is your resolution (640×360)
-r is your frame-rate
-b is your max bitrate (k= Kbps)
-i is your webcam or input video stream (your webcam will usually be something like /dev/video0)
-f flv is the output codec (in this case, we'll use Flash video)

Just replace the "rtmp://live.twitch.tv/app/live" without your output URL, and dont forget to add your stream key to the end :)


Create a simple script which will extract files from the current directory.

cat > /tmp/extract.sh <<'EOF'
#!/bin/bash
for x in "$@"; do
  uncompress -f "${x}"
  rm -f "${x}"
done
EOF
chmod 755 /tmp/extract.sh

Then use a find command to iterate through the directories to do the operation of that script on every file.

find . -type f -name 'codg*.Z' -execdir /tmp/extract.sh {} +

The find command should be executed from the directory of your downloaded files.  See find(1) man page and understand the options before executing.


Starting OpenVPN client automatically at boot

Edit /etc/default/openvpn.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo gedit /etc/default/openvpn

Uncomment the AUTOSTART="all" line.  Save and close.  Reboot your system.


Why will "0.0u 0.0s 0:00.00 0.0% 0+0k 0+0io 0pf+0w" display on screen from cshell?

Refer to this solution on Stack Overflow

Essentially, it seems like an extra output from set time = 00:01am or similar.


How to change the font in the terminal of server?

Try the following command:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-setup


1.Enabling two finger scroll:

Go to Mouse and Touchpad in System Settings. There you can find
Two Finger Scroll under Touchpad tab. I hope this solves your problem.

2.Enable/disable Touchpad

This is not an exact solution. But it might solve the issue. You can write a bash script to toggle the touchpad on/off. And give a keyboard shortcut for this script to run.

Step 1:

Open terminal. (press ctrl+alt+t)
Step 2:

Type gedit touchpad and press enter.
Step 3:

Copy the following script.

SYNSTATE=$(xinput list-props "XXX" | grep Enabled | grep -Eo     '.$')
if [ $SYNSTATE = 0 ]; then xinput set-prop "XXX" "Device    Enabled" 1
else xinput set-prop "XXX" "Device Enabled" 0; fi

Replace XXX with the name of the touchpad.

To find out the name of the touchpad just execute command "xinput list" in the terminal.

Save the document.
Step 4:

Now execute the following commands one by one.

chmod +x touchpad

sudo mv touchpad /bin/
Step 5:

Done!!! You can now enable/disable the touchpad just by executing "touchpad" command in the terminal.
Step 6:

To add keyboard shortcut for enabling and disabling touchpad, open Keyboard in System Settings. Under Shortcuts tab, select Custom Shortcuts and add command  "touchpad" to the list. Assign a keyboard shortcut to it.


How to rebuild ZFS pool with new disks of different sector sizes?

In the end, the matter was forced by an error on my part. The procedure I used in the end was:

Shutdown system and disconnect one element of the original pool; replacing it with one on the new disks.
Power on and create a new pool with the single new disk
use rsync to move the data across rather than zpool recv
export both pools
import the new pool using the old name
power off and replace the other old drive with a new one
power on and attach the new drive to the new pool.

Unfortunately, the system refused to forget about the old pool. I have moved this to a new question: How do I remove a pool from ZFS?


When you start your computer, press Ctrl+Alt+F1. This will switch you to the console. Enter your username and password to continue.

Enter the command:

sudo chmod 755 /usr

You will be prompted for your password, enter it to continue. Then enter sudo reboot to restart the machine. This will restore the permissions of the /usr directory so your system should be back to normal.


Restoring MongoDB database from physical files

In answer to the question: yes. The official backup/restore document calls it "a cold backup" and has this to say:

Back Up with cp or rsync
If your storage system does not support snapshots, you can copy the files directly using cp, rsync, or a similar tool. Since copying multiple files is not an atomic operation, you must stop all writes to the mongod before copying the files. Otherwise, you will copy the files in an invalid state.
Backups produced by copying the underlying data do not support point in time recovery for replica sets and are difficult to manage for larger sharded clusters. Additionally, these backups are larger because they include the indexes and duplicate underlying storage padding and fragmentation. mongodump, by contrast, creates smaller backups.

you need to stop mongo

And you can make a backup with ...

rsync -vahP /var/lib/mongodb/ /media/backup/
for a backup to a local directory or

rsync -vahP /var/lib/mongodb/ {user}@{url}:/{dir}/
for a backup to a remote system

Restoring: stop mongo and switch the 2 locations.


The Ubuntu App Developer page says:

We recommend using QML as the language of choice to write apps with the Ubuntu SDK.
However, if you need to write your app in C or C++, or want to build a lower level piece of technology such as a game engine, physics algorithm, or create hardware support for a device, Ubuntu provides everything you need to get started.

It's true that there are no tutorials (you may consider writing one eventually) for using C++ to write Ubuntu apps, but that same page has a nice set of links to C++ material.
You might also look at the links on the Qt 5.0 Documentation page and the Qt 5.0 Examples and Tutorials.
To create apps for touch devices, I believe that you need to create QML projects rather than desktop projects; but you can still call your C++ code from the QML app.
You can find some examples at the Qt Project. Look especially at the set of links under the C++ extensions section. Please note that these examples are specifically for Qt 4.8. Please also see Porting QML Applications to Qt 5
Also see Integrating QML and C++ in Qt 5.0.
Running Native Desktop Apps
As for problem of running a desktop app written in C++ with a QML GUI as opposed to calling C++ from QML, I think the problem you are running into is that Ubuntu Touch is an ongoing project and that many planned features are not yet implemented.
I believe the following information shows that what you want to do will be possible eventually, but that right now native C++ apps may need to run as console based.
From the Touch FAQ:

Ubuntu Touch is primarily designed to support web apps, and native apps programmed in qml and javascript or C++. As it is a real linux, of course all non graphical applications run equally as on any other linux system. You can ssh to Ubuntu Touch and run any console based application.
X11 is not supported (so far) so all GUI standard applications will not run.
Ubuntu Touch is a real linux, of course you can install a c compiler and all the rest of the essential-build system and can develop on the mobile devices like on any other linux.

From the XDA Developers FAQ:

Yes, native apps can be written in C++/Qt, or QML/Javascript. We provide a UI Toolkit with native widgets that you can use in your apps.
The desktop shell (Unity 7) will be re-implemented in the same codebase as Ubuntu Touch (Unity 8), so that there will be one "Unity" that can change the way it looks and behaves depending on the kind of device it is running on. For app developers, the platform will be the same, the APIs will be the same, they won't need to maintain separate versions of their app.

You can also view the status of features in the Ubuntu SDK. Most features are still In Progress or TODO


I was having the same issue after upgrading to 16.04. What I did was change the permissions on gvfsd-smb-browse so that it can only be executed as sudo or by root. Now gvfsd-smb-browse doesn't run on startup. Below is how you can change the permissions.

sudo chmod 744 /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-smb-browse

Not sure if it is a real solution to the underlying problem. But it does resolve the cpu usage issue by not running gvfsd-smb-browse on startup.


I think that Twitter Unity Webapp is configured to use any twitter.com subdomain and since Tweetdeck is a subdomain (tweetdeck.twitter.com), it try to install that one... but doesn't work.

I made a simple Unity Integration for Tweetdeck - it includes the Launcher, Alt+Tab and Dash integration.

Take a look on my Github: https://github.com/eudennis/unity-webapps-tweetdeck
(If anyone know something about Twitter API, could make a deeper integration)


Driver to print from a Cannon imageCLASS MF244dw on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS?

Followed the procedure here...

Downloaded the drivers.

Extracted it...

In the extracted directory went to Linux_UFRIILT_PrinterDriver_V130_uk_EN/64-bit_Driver/Debian
Tried to install both files...they didn't work...
Ran apt-get -f install
Installed both files with dpkg -i *.deb

Visited http://localhost:631
Clicked the Find New Printers button.
The new printer came up in the list (it was connected to the network).
When the make list was displayed, selected Cannon.
Clicked continue
In the list of drivers found LBP151 UFRII LT ver.1.3 or UFRII LT ver.1.3 or something like that...
Clicked Next
Selected the defaults for the printer.
Clicked Finished
The printer appeared in the Ubuntu list of printers...
Printed a test page...it worked.


Yes, you could open the "Printers" Dialog:

Select "Properties" in the contextmenu:

There you can set the page size. So depending on the selected printer, you'll get the correct size.


I have a simple solution to your difficulty, but I'm having difficulty refraining from venting a simply question which I feel needs asking.

Simple Solution:
Update Ubuntu without using terminal/bash:

Manually open your Ubuntu Update Manager
howto:  Press your windows key and type "upd" sans quotes and press enter.
Click on the "Check" button and the wait for it to verify if your system is up to date.
DO NOT skip the preceding step!
After it has completed its check, click install updates.
Close the update center
DONE!

My simple vent question follows: Why is it I keep encountering people here who insist upon using the terminal and bash commands to accomplish simple tasks in an easy-to-use GUI linux operating system such as Ubuntu?  It seems to me that if there are so many people obsessed with command line use, they shouldn't bother with a GUI linux at all.


For the system slow when using Catalyst driver problem, install compizconfig-settings-manager. Then run it and select the OpenGL icon. Then DEselect the checkbox for Sync to Vblank.


Delta-update Firefox Aurora package from PPA

Ubuntu does not currently support updating a package using deltas. The dpkg format Ubuntu usage does support delta packages, but the higher-level tools like APT apparently still don't.

According to When will Ubuntu include delta updates?, this feature has been under discussion since 2009, but not actually finished. The relevant blueprints are:

https://blueprints.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+spec/foundations-o-debdelta/ / https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuDebdeltaSupport
Related: https://blueprints.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+spec/foundations-m-rsync-based-deb-downloads

The corresponding feature in Fedora is called Presto.


How do I move wordpress from a subfolder to root directory - domain.com/wordpress to domain.com

You just need to do that :

cd /var/www/
mv html/wordpress .
rm -r html
mv wordpress html

And that's it, your wordpress is installed on mydomain.com/


undo: sudo update-rc.d -f ondemand remove

With sudo update-rc.d -f ondemand remove you removed the symlinks of this daemon. So the daemon is no longer executed while switching to the configured runlevel (or at bootup).

I looked at my machine what's the default configuration of this service:

user@host:~# find /etc/rc* -name "*ondemand*"
/etc/rc2.d/S99ondemand
/etc/rc3.d/S99ondemand
/etc/rc4.d/S99ondemand
/etc/rc5.d/S99ondemand

So, we see the daemon starts in runlevels 2, 3, 4 and 5 with start number 99. To set that back to this configuration type:

user@host:~# update-rc.d ondemand start 99 2 3 4 5 .
 Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/ondemand ...
   /etc/rc2.d/S99ondemand -> ../init.d/ondemand
   /etc/rc3.d/S99ondemand -> ../init.d/ondemand
   /etc/rc4.d/S99ondemand -> ../init.d/ondemand
   /etc/rc5.d/S99ondemand -> ../init.d/ondemand

Edit

According to the script /etc/init.d/ondemand the script sets every cpu governor to ondemand for every cpu that supports this setting.

A (scaling-)governor manages how the cpufrequency is adjusted automatically.
ondemand means that the frequency is adjusted to the current needs. The frequency can so change rapidly up or down.

You can find out which governors are available for your cpus by:

user@host:~$ cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors
userspace powersave conservative ondemand performance
userspace powersave conservative ondemand performance
userspace powersave conservative ondemand performance
userspace powersave conservative ondemand performance

So yes it's the same configuration for all machines.


yes it because you have a old version. re-download and install Ubuntu tweak, get the daily ppa from Ubuntu tweak (you can do this by using Ubuntu tweak).

also look at this http://blog.ubuntu-tweak.com/2010/08/08/feature-sneak-peak-reset-setting.html

i hope this helps.


Is it possible to install multi node OpenStack using Juju without using MAAS?

MAAS is recommended, since Juju and MAAS work quite well together and a simple

juju add-machine

can requisition a machine for you from the MAAS pool.

That being said, if you prefer not to use MAAS,
https://jujucharms.com/docs/2.0/clouds-manual
will guide you on how to add nodes manually via SSH, thereby working around the MAAS reccommendation.

You can then deploy Openstack charms directly to the individual nodes.


Newer versions of banshee have a sound menu integration. Activate the MPRIS and the sound menu extension, to get it work.

Eventually you have to install the banshee-extension-soundmenu package.

Further information: here


Abort active download of packages in Ubuntu from terminal?


Typing unicode is slightly different in Ubuntu.
The key combination is:
Ctrl+Shift+U, code, Space
However, Windows uses decimal notation while Ubuntu uses Hex notation.
Æ in this case (what 0198 is) is c6 for Ubuntu. So, you'd do:

Press Ctrl+Shift+U. Release it.
Type c6 (or 00c6)
Press Space

If you were talking about æ (or 145 on Windows), replace all instances of c6 with e6.
As mentioned by @Graham, you can also use the compose key. By default, it is AltGr or Right Alt. You can use Shift+AltGr followed by A, E to enter an æ. I think holding the other shift as well will give you Æ. On some keyboard layouts, AltGR+A or AltGR+Z (below) will also give æ.
As mentioned by @DevSolar, if you need to use special characters frequently, you can also use keyboard styles such as English (US) English (international AltGr dead keys). These keys will automatically map certain AltGRs to characters.

(src)


You can do this via installing java jdk version 9 and then using jshell.
Just simply use this command:-
$ jshell
Then this will get prompted:-
|  Welcome to JShell -- Version 9.0.4
|  For an introduction type: /help intro

jshell>

Then just run your code there.


Why are the screen brightness keys on my ASUS N56VZ not working?

I have tried by updating the Kernel to the latest version. But I have found the best solution that can increase or decrease the brightness of the PC in Ubuntu using the function and brightness button. Just follow the steps:

Open terminal (Clt+Alt+T)  and run the command given below:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Now the new window opens and you will see the lines given below:

 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quite_splice"

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=""

Now you have to change the lines above by the command lines given below:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash pcie_aspm=force acpi_backlight=vendor"

Then save the window and Update the grub from the terminal using :

sudo update-grub

Now you can Increase or decrease the brightness of your PC in Ubuntu 12.04 and the other versions also. This technique can be used in HP DV6, Acer Aspire, Dell Inspiron,  Toshiba and more others.

                    Hope this Helps!
                       RefreshIt

http://www.refreshit.info/2012/08/solved-brightness-increase-and-decrease.html


T61 ThinkPad, Ubuntu 10.04.2, fixed address, no connection

you mean a static ip address? what happens when you do..

ifconfig eth0 192.168.100.107 down

ifconfig eth0 up


How to have write access to a recently formatted drive by default?

To solve this, I have to open file manager as root, and assign myself read/write permissions.

Not really. After formatting you should do:

sudo chown -r $USER:$USER /path/to/drive

logged in as that user (so from a $-prompt, not a # prompt). I assume here $USER is the admin user, otherwise use the actual username of who needs to own the drive.

Be careful with the /path/to/drive/. If you do this with "." from the root or from another path then the device you will kill your system.

  without changing settings?

Nope. We take security seriously ;) A device formatted by root will be owned by root and the admin will then need to assign the device to a user. Yes, I agree that this is a bit more effort from a user if he is both admin and user but it is considered the most secure with the least amount of effort from the user.


First ensure you already have another Desktop Environment installed and start a session with it.

Then press Ctrl+Alt+T to go to a terminal and copy-paste the following:

sudo apt-get remove --purge gir1.2-unity-5.0 libunity-common libunity-protocol-private0 libunity9 unity-asset-pool unity-greeter


How to enable/add window borders in 17.10 & 18.04?

I found the answer here.

Make a file ~/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css
Add the lines:

decoration {
  border: 1px solid gray;
  background: gray;
}

Reboot or log out+log in


What Causes Files to Not be Displayed in File Manager Which Exist

The files might probably be hidden files,meaning the file name is preceded by "." If that's the case you can display them by pressing  ctrl + h


All of the Gthumb docs don't list GIF in the supported formats for saving. The more specialized program GIMP will do it.


When I installed the Adapta-KDE theme, Kvantum manager installed automatically:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:papirus/papirus
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --install-recommends adapta-kde

Hope that it helps! :-)


What is the differece between snmp, snmpd and snmptrapd?

A basic understanding of the SNMP protocol is really broader than what can be squeezed into this answer (and I'm probably not familiar enough to do a competent job) but in brief

snmp contains tools to talk to SNMP "agents".
snmpd contains a server which you can install on a device to implement such an "agent". It listens for SNMP client connections and delivers responses to requests for status reports.
snmptrapd is a server for listening to and reacting to a particular kind of messages from agents.

A device which support SNMP can tell you when something happens via a trap message. It can also provide statistics about its operation which you can request when you need them.

So in an example scenario, you might install snmpd on a machine to report its disk usage, CPU, etc when you need these numbers, and in addition, perhaps configure it to generate a trap and send it to a central location when the disk utilization crosses a particular threshold. The central server connects periodically to collect statistics, and in addition, is prepared to receive a trap at any time.

http://www.net-snmp.org contains a better and more comprehensive overview of the protocol and the components in this package.


That is basically the equivalent of downloading software from a website and running it on Windows, but IIUC is potentially more insecure because this new PPA could publish a newer version of a program you didn't intent to obtain from them, obsoleting a package you have and tricking your package manager into 'updating' to it. I hope someone will correct me if I'm incorrect about this.

It all comes down to this: Do you trust the source?


You should type snap, not snapd.

sudo apt-get install snap


What is the Best Java LookAndFeel on Ubuntu?

Use Nimbuzz Look and feel.Its the best looking on linux.


I'm running KDE plasma, and I also have pinentry-qt installed.  Uninstalling pinentry-gtk made it use pinentry-qt instead, and it worked.


When Ubuntu asks for credentials, how do I know it is Ubuntu and not malware with a phishing attack?

Nothing stops a program from creating a dialog that asks for your password. It's your responsibility as a user to only enter your password into trusted programs. However, all of this assumes an attacker cares about becoming root, which it may not care about.

For the most part an attacker can do most everything they want without becoming root in the assumption you will login to the same user again at a later time. If they want to fire up their botnet or start encrypting your files they can do that without being a super-user.

The most effective tool in Linux that stops malware is the trusted repository and package signature system. In Windows you typically download .exe files from arbitrary websites, at any layer they can be infected from hosting to transmit etc. In Linux most software is found from the central repository of software which has been signed by the Ubuntu team. If the package is modified the signature will not match and the infected package will not run.

Overall if you only install software from trusted sources and never run random binaries you find from the web you will have a secure system. Linux just provides the user tools to accomplish this better.


How to make a .sh script automatically run in the terminal?

You could create a launcher for the script. You would be able to run the script from the activities menu in GNOME (click it) and from the directory the file is saved in. This would  be a .desktop file. e.g. Example.desktop:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Example
Exec=/path/to/executable_script
StartupNotify=true
Terminal=true
Type=Application
Icon=/optional/path/to/icon.png

Make the file executable. When placed in /usr/share/applications or ~/.local/share/applications, GNOME will add the .desktop file to the activities menu.

Now you just have to click the launcher in the activities menu and your script will run. The terminal will close after the script has run to its end.


How can I do an inbuilt compile of rtl8723be firmware into a custom linux kernel?

Generate a kernel configuration

After generating a config with

make localmodconfig
# then with a text editor find and replace =m with =y
gedit .config # find and replace =m with =y

or

make localyesconfig

Which I didn't try but i think it does the above a once. I haven't tried it.

Editing the configuration

gedit .config

Find the line with # Firmware loader
My new config was edited to reflect

CONFIG_FW_LOADER=y
CONFIG_EXTRA_FIRMWARE="rtlwifi/rtl8723befw_36.bin rtl_bt/rtl8723b_fw.bin"
CONFIG_EXTRA_FIRMWARE_DIR="/lib/firmware"

After make and make install, the new kernel loads the firmware correctly and nicely now I am running with a bug-less compact kernel


I only can answer about "rotated logs".

Change the last line of /etc/logrotate.d/upstart to read create root adm instead of nocreate, so that the file reads

/var/log/upstart/*.log {
        daily
        missingok
        rotate 7
        compress
        notifempty
        create root adm
}

This tell logrotate to create a new file with the same name as the rotated one, to leave the permissions the same and to chown the file to root:adm.


Encrypted filesystem shared with Mac OS X

TrueCrypt.

There is no good reason not to use it. It works great and if you consider what secret agencies of the US can force people to do, the fact that it is discontinued by its original developer(s) is actually a good thing. There are endeavors to find any kind of security issues and there haven't been found any as of yet.


Which is faster to delete first line in file... sed or tail?

Performance of sed vs. tail to remove the first line of a file

TL;DR

sed is very powerful and versatile, but this is what makes it slow, especially for large files with many lines.
tail does just one simple thing, but that one it does well and fast, even for bigger files with many lines.

For small and medium sized files, sed and tail are performing similarly fast (or slow, depending on your expectations). However, for larger input files (multiple MBs), the performance difference grows significantly (an order of magnitude for files in the range of hundreds of MBs), with tail clearly outperforming sed.

Experiment

General Preparations:

Our commands to analyze are:

sed '1d' testfile > /dev/null
tail -n +2 testfile > /dev/null

Note that I'm piping the output to /dev/null each time to eliminate the terminal output or file writes as performance bottleneck.

Let's set up a RAM disk to eliminate disk I/O as potential bottleneck. I personally have a tmpfs mounted at /tmp so I simply placed my testfile there for this experiment.

Then I am once creating a random test file containing a specified amount of lines $numoflines with random line length and random data using this command (note that it's definitely not optimal, it becomes really slow for about >2M lines, but who cares, it's not the thing we're analyzing):

cat /dev/urandom | base64 -w0 | tr 'n' '\n'| head -n "$numoflines" > testfile

Oh, btw. my test laptop is running Ubuntu 16.04, 64 bit on an Intel i5-6200U CPU. Just for comparison.

Timing big files:

Setting up a huge testfile:

Running the command above with numoflines=10000000 produced a random file containing 10M lines, occupying a bit over 600 MB - it's quite huge, but let's start with it, because we can:

$ wc -l testfile
10000000 testfile

$ du -h testfile
611M    testfile

$ head -n 3 testfile
qOWrzWppWJxx0e59o2uuvkrfjQbzos8Z0RWcCQPMGFPueRKqoy1mpgjHcSgtsRXLrZ8S4CU8w6O6pxkKa3JbJD7QNyiHb4o95TSKkdTBYs8uUOCRKPu6BbvG
NklpTCRzUgZK
O/lcQwmJXl1CGr5vQAbpM7TRNkx6XusYrO

Perform the timed run with our huge testfile:

Now let's do just a single timed run with both commands first to estimate with what magnitudes we're working.

$ time sed '1d' testfile > /dev/null
real    0m2.104s
user    0m1.944s
sys     0m0.156s

$ time tail -n +2 testfile > /dev/null
real    0m0.181s
user    0m0.044s
sys     0m0.132s

We already see a really clear result for big files, tail is a magnitude faster than sed. But just for fun and to be sure there are no random side effects making a big difference, let's do it 100 times:

$ time for i in {1..100}; do sed '1d' testfile > /dev/null; done
real    3m36.756s
user    3m19.756s
sys     0m15.792s

$ time for i in {1..100}; do tail -n +2 testfile > /dev/null; done
real    0m14.573s
user    0m1.876s
sys     0m12.420s

The conclusion stays the same, sed is inefficient to remove the first line of a big file, tail should be used there.

And yes, I know Bash's loop constructs are slow, but we're only doing relatively few iterations here and the time a plain loop takes is not significant compared to the sed/tail runtimes anyway.

Timing small files:

Setting up a small testfile:

Now for completeness, let's look at the more common case that you have a small input file in the kB range. Let's create a random input file with numoflines=100, looking like this:

$ wc -l testfile
100 testfile

$ du -h testfile
8,0K    testfile

$ head -n 3 testfile
tYMWxhi7GqV0DjWd
pemd0y3NgfBK4G4ho/
aItY/8crld2tZvsU5ly

Perform the timed run with our small testfile:

As we can expect the timings for such small files to be in the range of a few milliseconds from experience, let's just do 1000 iterations right away:

$ time for i in {1..1000}; do sed '1d' testfile > /dev/null; done
real    0m7.811s
user    0m0.412s
sys     0m7.020s

$ time for i in {1..1000}; do tail -n +2 testfile > /dev/null; done
real    0m7.485s
user    0m0.292s
sys     0m6.020s

As you can see, the timings are quite similar, there's not much to interpret or wonder about. For small files, both tools are equally well suited.


Usb Flash drive no longer works on ubuntu 13.04 but external hard drive does?

I'm having the same issue with two of three usb flash drives. While one of them (a SanDisk flash drive) works normally, the system recognizes the other two flash drives (a Lexar and a Kingston) as being attached to usb ports, but it doesn't attempt to mount them for some reason.

However, I got them to load normally by restarting the computer and selecting the previous operating system kernel from the Grub menu during bootup. Ubuntu normally boots using the most recent kernel by default, but the previous kernels can be accessed and used to boot Ubuntu by selecting the Grub menu option "Advanced options for Ubuntu".

If your system is currently up to date, the current kernel in Ubuntu 13.04 (as of September 1, 2013) is 3.8.0-29 and the previous one is 3.8.0-27. If your grub menu is invisible during bootup because Ubuntu is the only operating system installed, pressing and holding the shift key during bootup should make it visible.

If the cause of your problem is exactly the same as mine, it appears to be related to the latest kernel update. I'm going to check to see if a related bug report has been filed at launchpad.

UPDATE: The latest Ubuntu 13.04 kernel 3.8.0-30 arrived today (Sept 6th) and it fixes this issue.


TP-Link T2U (AC600) usb WLAN adapter driver on Ubuntu 16.10

The circa-2013 driver file is too old for your 4.8.0-xx kernel, try this instead:

git clone https://github.com/ulli-kroll/mt7610u.git
cd mt7610u
make
sudo cp firmware/*  /lib/firmware
sudo insmod mt7610u.ko

Please tell us how it went as we will have additional steps.


Dual-booting Ubuntu on Raid system with UEFI Windows 10

There is a mayor flaw: Stripe across one SSD and two HDDs.

Why?? To slow down the SSD and raise the risk of data loss?

Stripe or RAID0 is meant to increase performance among the same type of drives or the slowest member.

Take two slow drives and RAID0 will give you a bit better performance.
Take one slow and one fast drive, the load is distributed even and the slower drive will slow down the faster one (equal to a RAID0 of two slow drives). With HDDs this may be negligible, but a mix of HDDs and SSDs is a bad idea.
RAID0 will not double or triple (…) performance of the fastest drive or drive with average performance.

I assume everyone knows that RAID stands for Redundant Array of Independent Disks and that RAID0 sacrifices redundancy for performance resulting in AID ZERO: Completely useless when one drive fails.

  done extensive research

I doubt that. You must have come to the conclusion that this is nonsense: dual-booting this way with fakeraid complex and no fun, no redundancy, no performance improvement over the SSD.

Suggestions (assuming the device is a laptop):

Replace the two HDDs with fast state of the art HDDs for massstorage. Note that some implementations of (software) RAID1 also offer (read) performance benefits. Find out how to leverage that in your usecase.
Buy a bigger SSD.
If the SSD is an mSATA SSD think about dual mSATA adapters for 2.5" bays setting up one big HDD and up to 3 mSATA SSDs.


Specify which network interface to use for nfsroot

For a long answer, look at the nfsroot documentation.

The default behavior is to use the first interface configured for the nfsroot. In your case it is somehow random, since you've got two interface connected to two different networks.

You can force the network interface used for the nfsroot by adding this to the kernel command line : ip=:::::eno2:dhcp.

In case of the netboot tutorial this goes in the  /tftboot/pxelinux.cfg/default file in the APPEND line. (Replaces the ip=dhcp)


PDF files shown on Chrome have no spaces

You can disable Chrome builtin PDF viewer. Open chrome://plugins/ in your address bar and click disable.


Is there going to be a way to get ubuntu TV on a normal TV?

Yes. It can be done. But it is not recommended for productive Systems.
You can find a complete how-to including a Ubuntu-ppa on this site:
http://www.webupd8.org/2012/01/how-to-install-ubuntu-tv-from-ppa.html

Alternatively you can compile it on your own. Instructions for everything can be found in the link.


Goodix touchscreen, acpi, bluetooth/wifi drivers [14.10]

the wifi drivers (bt doesn't) are available and they must be compiled (so forget to "intall & go"), but it seems (i've understood into the nebulous galaxy of intel bay trail's obscure engineering) to have some problems with the kernel 3.18 of ubuntu 15.04 because on many different moatherboard can't enumerate correctly.

The reason could be the nature of the adapter, SDIO type, and all they have done for successful start is only on wifi side and without wpa supplicant (so open wifi only), almost until few weeks ago.
The best should be compile manually starting from sources of Ubuntu's kernel  14.10.

See on this link: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2249936

and this:https://github.com/hadess/rtl8723bs/issues/10

I'm sorry to be without a best solution but i'm in the same problem too and
there's no easy ways at the moment therefore many people is trying to solve and i'm sure soon there will be driver for a good ubuntu experience...


Using Ubuntu One cloud services on a Nokia E7

Currently there is no API like this for Ubuntu One. There is a REST API, but no WebDav.

It has already been requested in a feature request, but currently it isn't in the to-do list. Sorry.


New install of Ubuntu 18.04.5 server - Unable to do apt updates

This problem affected my whole network and was solved when my ISP rebooted equipment associated with my service.
Consider this problem solved not as an Ubuntu issue but rather one due to my ISP.
Thank you to those who sought to help me.


To Reset your password, 1)first you will need to reboot and select the option with (Recovery Mode) at the end.

2)Once it boots into the Recovery console, select Root as seen below.

3)Then it will spit you out into the shell. At this point, your Ubuntu installation is Read-only mode. Since we want to make changes, we will need to re-mount the / partition. To do that, type:

mount -o rw,remount /
4) At this point, the drive is now set to Read/Write mode.
 Warning The Root shell is extremely powerful, special care should be taken with any commands run here.
 If you have forgotten your username also, you can run the following, passive, command and refresh your memory:
ls /home
5) Now that the username has been recovered, we are ready to reset the password:
passwd username
 And replace username with the one you want to reset the password to. Then it will prompt you for the new password.
 6) The last step is to type exit and select "resume" from the resulting menu. Once you are back in to the GUI, you should be able to log in with your new password.
 Special note: I had pictures and everything for you, but the AskUbuntu refuses to allow picture posting until I have at least 10 reputation. But you can find the same guide, with pictures, here


Having worked with several solutions over the years, I found out that the unfortunate truth is that there is currently no solution on Linux that can match the features, speed, stability and ease of use of Outlook. And frankly, I'm pretty pissed because of this, especially since none of the available clients even supports open source Exchange alternatives properly (with MAPI support).

Yes, you have alternatives. You could use Thunderbird for email, Sunbird for calendaring and then some other solution for shared contacts etc, but that probably won't help you connecting to Exchange.

Outlook WebAccess won't help you much either, since Exchange 2007 will severely reduce the functionality if you're not using Internet Explorer.

If you have any influence on the back end (server side), I highly recommend evaluating alternatives like SOGO, Zimbra or Zarafa. The latter provides a WebAccess very similar to that of Exchange, but it also works perfectly on Firefox. I use it on a daily basis for all my work.

Of course if you don't have any influence on the server side, you're pretty much screwed. The only alternative I can think of in that case is running Outlook on a virtual machine or by using Wine. But I'm not sure if there are any Outlook versions that will work reliably on Wine...

If you want to know more on Exchange alternatives I can help you, but I must warn you that I have the most experience with just one of the alternatives ;-)


You should install cheese, an application that can take pictures and record video from you webcam. Install it from the ubuntu software centre. and launch it cheese.


Screen (slowly) goes black after full-screening apps

Enable Force Composition Pipeline or Force Full Composition Pipeline on the affected screen from the nvidia-settings app.

Following this, click Apply. The screen may flicker momentarily, but the problem will be resolved immediately afterwards.

Alternatively, if you'd rather not have a true Xorg.conf file (usually a good idea), simply place the following into /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-nvidia.conf (create if it does not exist):

Section "Screen"
    Identifier     "Screen0"
    Device         "Device0"
    Monitor        "Monitor0"
    Option         "metamodes" "nvidia-auto-select +0+0 {ForceCompositionPipeline=On, ForceFullCompositionPipeline=On}"
EndSection

Restart your display manager using systemctl restart lightdm.service and it will work perfectly.

Disclaimer: I have no idea how this fixes the issue. It just does.


What shell is the closest to C/C++ syntax?

There's CSH which fits the bill.

From Wikipedia

  The C shell (csh or the improved version, tcsh, on most machines) is a
  Unix shell that was created by Bill Joy while he was a graduate
  student at University of California, Berkeley in the late 1970s. It
  has been distributed widely, beginning with the 2BSD release of the
  BSD Unix system that Joy began distributing in 1978.2 Other early
  contributors to the ideas or the code were Michael Ubell, Eric Allman,
  Mike O'Brien and Jim Kulp.

Man page

Or you could try TCSH (Thanks! @muru)

From Wikipedia

  tcsh (/ˌtiːˈsiːʃɛl/ "tee-cee-shell", /ˈtiːʃɛl/ "tee-shell", or as an
  acronym "tee cee ess aitch") is a Unix shell based on and compatible
  with the C shell (csh). It is essentially the C shell with
  programmable command-line completion, command-line editing, and a few
  other features. Unlike the other common shells, functions cannot be
  defined in a tcsh script and the user must use aliases instead (as in
  csh).

Note that these shells are not as widely used as bash and hence some makefiles and shell scripts may behave unpredictably.

Man page


Does your system satisfy all of the prerequisites on that page? This one in particular is glossed over rather causally but could be very involved and would lead to a problem like you describe if not followed:

Webserver with PHP 5.2 support


After a successful install, my screen blinks indefinitely

I've had this problem as well on the default open-source drivers got AMD Radeon HD 6670. Installing the Catalyst driver fixed it. I've had to use the recovery mode to install it, though.


Have you tried using another audio channel in

settings > audio?

At my PC there are 3 channels/devices and if you take a false one there is simply no audio working. So for example I have got an audio-interface (containing two channels, a digital, a analog) wich I use on the analog channel and my mainboard audio. If I would use my mainboard audio there would be no sound. I had a similar problem about two months ago. Just try different settings out.
I hope this will help you.


You can use insecure storage, but you really shouldn't do that, as it means someone could steal your computer and get your passwords, which totally defeats the point of using a secure keychain/password safe.

If your keychain password is the same as your login password, which is should be, and it seems like it is, then logging in will also unlock your keychain.


No internet connection behind enterprise proxy

Answering my own question here...

After configuring my proxy settings on the chromium settings Change settings proxy... it worked.


Root logins leave no record of what operations were performed as root - Unix and Linux System Administration Handbook

There's no log of what commands you ran, what configuration files you edited and so forth by default. There's a log entry for authentication, and end of session, but not what root does.

This is part of the reason for why many sysadmins prefers sudo today; sudo foobar leaves a clear log trail that user x ran command foobar as root on a given time.

sudo also makes it easier to have many administrators on a system, with more fine grained access control than allowed by the single root account.

Note that the above is true for Ubuntu. Debian is somewhat different. RHEL is somewhat more different.


How do I get a BCM4311 wireless card working without an Internet connection?

On your Ubuntu live media, you have the firmware cutter package, which you can use on a Broadcom Windows driver (bcmwl5.sys) from the wireless card install CD-ROM.
The location of b43-fwcutter package is:

/pool/main/b/b43-fwcutter/b43-fwcutter/b43-fwcutter_012-1build1_i386.deb

copy it to your home directory off the distribution media.

Install the b43-fwcutter package, and you should have the b43-fwcutter program installed in /usr/bin for you to run.  (If you can manage to get a wired connection, you will be offered the option to just download the appropriate Broadcom driver to run through the fwcutter).

Run it on the Windows driver bcmwl5.sys file, probably in an empty directory to make copying the .fw files easier.  The b43-fwcutter will "cut" out all the firmware files needed from the Broadcom driver.  Copy all the .fw files into /lib/firmware/b43, and you should see network-manager pick up the card.  Use sudo mkdir /lib/firmware/b43 and
sudo cp *.fw /lib/firmware/b43 to move the files.

This firmware is all that the b43 driver needs to run on your 4311 chip.  Since you haven't been connected to the Internet, you probably didn't manage to install any Broadcom drivers which would blacklist the b43 driver, so it should run automatically as soon as the firmware is supplied.  Reboot if necessary to see the available wireless access points.


Ubuntu install on Acer chromebook 13 C810 fails: tegra.conf not found

From the information I have received you are using a x86 installer and the chrome book is a based on a ARM Cortex CPU with A Tegra K1  GPU there are drivers for the K1 built in to the X86 installer but there are not ones for the ARM Installer (Which is extremely Ironic due to the K1 being ARM Based)

So to sum up The video card does not have any drivers so I would recommend trying to install a server OS then install X11 over that then install unity or the desktop environment you want


Battery Percent/Capacity elaboration in power statistics

To my knowledge:

Capacity indicates the total capacity of the battery vs. its rated capacity.  Therefore, if you have a battery with a rated capacity at full charge of 1000mAh, your max battery capacity is now only 374 mAh, which means the battery has degraded due to use or time and can no longer hold its typical level of 'max rated charge'.

Using that same example battery rating, of that 374 mAh, your battery is at 95% current capacity (percentage of the max capacity the battery can now hold), which is about 355 mAh.

I don't know what the rating on your battery is, but with this information you can probably determine what its current charge level is as well as exactly how much battery life your battery can still hold.

THIS SAID, with a battery that only has 37.4% of its rated capacity as what it can actually hold, you might want to consider replacing the battery at this point.


What's the default serif font in firefox?

The list is system dependent. To the get the list on your computer use fc-match and specify a font name to match against. The -s option gives a sorted list.

Here's the output from a 12.04 TLS Server listing serif, sans-serif, and monospace font styles to be thorough:

user@server:~$ fc-match -s serif
DejaVuSerif.ttf: "DejaVu Serif" "Book"
DejaVuSerif-Bold.ttf: "DejaVu Serif" "Bold"
n021003l.pfb: "Nimbus Roman No9 L" "Regular"
DejaVuSans.ttf: "DejaVu Sans" "Book"
DejaVuSansMono.ttf: "DejaVu Sans Mono" "Book"
s050000l.pfb: "Standard Symbols L" "Regular"
DejaVuSans-Bold.ttf: "DejaVu Sans" "Bold"
DejaVuSansMono-Bold.ttf: "DejaVu Sans Mono" "Bold"

user@server:~$ fc-match -s sans-serif
DejaVuSans.ttf: "DejaVu Sans" "Book"
DejaVuSans-Bold.ttf: "DejaVu Sans" "Bold"
n019003l.pfb: "Nimbus Sans L" "Regular"
DejaVuSansMono.ttf: "DejaVu Sans Mono" "Book"
DejaVuSerif.ttf: "DejaVu Serif" "Book"
s050000l.pfb: "Standard Symbols L" "Regular"
DejaVuSansMono-Bold.ttf: "DejaVu Sans Mono" "Bold"
DejaVuSerif-Bold.ttf: "DejaVu Serif" "Bold"

user@server:~$ fc-match -s mono
DejaVuSansMono.ttf: "DejaVu Sans Mono" "Book"
DejaVuSansMono-Bold.ttf: "DejaVu Sans Mono" "Bold"
n022003l.pfb: "Nimbus Mono L" "Regular"
DejaVuSans.ttf: "DejaVu Sans" "Book"
DejaVuSerif.ttf: "DejaVu Serif" "Book"
s050000l.pfb: "Standard Symbols L" "Regular"
DejaVuSans-Bold.ttf: "DejaVu Sans" "Bold"
DejaVuSerif-Bold.ttf: "DejaVu Serif" "Bold"


Internal Microphone not working on Lenovo Thinkpad E14 Gen 2 (AMD)

I fixed the issue for me by installing the newest 5.9 Linux kernel from https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v5.9/. Now, the microphone works completely fine. In the 5.9 release notes thinkpad shows up several times but I'm unsure what is talked about specifically.


Logitech M557 does not pair with Ubuntu 16.04

sudo apt-get install solaar

That's for the Logitech mouse.

As far as the JBL speaker, it may have a button on it with a bluetooth icon; press and hold for a few seconds to make the device discoverable. (some bose speakers have that)


GTX 1060 installation on GA-AX370 motherboard on Ubuntu 18.04

Reinstalled Ubuntu. Guess there was some sort of mounting error with encryption. Not an optimal solution but tremendously practical. Took 20 mins after banging my head since last 40 hours. Backed up using Integrated graphics boot and reinstalled OS!

Thanks everyone!


-SUID- Can't run a “-rwsr-xr-x” file as root

You're likely putting the file on a partition that's mounted with nosuid. You can type mount to see if this is the case. If so, either move the file to a different partition or remount the partition with -o suid (note that doing the latter may have security implications).


Apparently you have deleted (-d) the password for the user 'viral'.
So if root-login asks for password, it is as designed.

If you do sudo passwd root and enter new password twice as prompted, you should be able to login in terminal as root. Don't ever let root have no password, and avoid using root-login as your normal login. Almost all operations that needs root permissions can be done with sudo.


It really depends on why you wanted to use the latest version in the first place. In the case of a product like Apache, the version that is available via the official repository will continue to get security updates during its life cycle, so that is not a reason to install the very latest version.

I would always advise using officially packaged versions of software - either from Ubuntu or direct from the vendor if they have their own repository, unless you have a very good reason not to such as a new feature you cannot live without. Not only will it save you a lot of effort, but also you are also more likely to keep your production server up to date with security updates because they will be made available for easy installation via apt-get.

It is normally preferable to use the same version of the software for development as you are using for production to avoid compatibility issues; you could read the new features list to see if there are any changes that might affect you, but sometimes it is only possible to find out the hard way by testing.


Ubuntu 20.04 Error mounting /dev/sdb1 at /media/

From @DanielMassey
Try a sudo apt install --reinstall ntfs-3g, which will reinstall the Ubuntu NTFS driver.


How to remove all hyperlinks from a LibreOffice writer document ready for publishing?

If i understand the answer correctly, the issue is to locate hyperlinks in a big odt document quickly.

This can easily be done using the "Navigator" feature of LO Writer. It lists bookmarks, images, tables, hyperlinks, comments and so on. To open the Navigator, hit F5 or select Menu View -> Navigator.

If there's a hyperlink in the current document, it will be listed under the Hyperlinks section:


How to launch program on lock and close it on unlock

I like your idea :)
But it seems like a duplicate: Run script on screen lock/unlock (U&L Stack)
If you install motion correctly as a service, you should run service motion start at the lock-event and service motion stop at the unlock-event


I changed my var folder permission to 777 do I have to re-install the system

From a 'will it work?' standpoint, everything should be completely fine and your system should function normally.

That being said, now all processes/users/anything will have complete access to anything inside the /var directory, which will make your system MUCH less secure.

If security is not an issue for you, then you can leave your system the way it is.


Ask Ubuntu badges are not displayed in 'my trophies'

I stand corrected. The verification server already does extract the relevant user id from the URL you provide. As such, even URL of

foo/bar/9953/whatever

would work properly because the 9953 is correctly extracted.

I was shared this relevant code of the id extraction:

userid = int(userurl.split("/")[-2])

Technically, having your username after the URL or not would make no difference and you would have gotten your trophies regardless.

From what I understand and explained to me from the devs, the verification script was probably down or bugged at the time of your writing. Changing your identification has caused the local daemon to re-send all the trophies for verification once again and luckily the server was fine this time around.


This might work by booting into the terminal

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

sudo apt-get clean

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

sudo apt-get clean


did you remove the loader for windows as i saw in many pre-configured windows 7 machines that it comes with partition for its boot loader and when you chose windows 7 from grub menu it will trigger the boot loader of windows. so the question is did you remove a small partition less than 100 MB which holds the windows loader or maybe there is something happened to it. if so then you got problem with windows and i quess this is the issue you can install the MBR for windows by using ubuntu live cd look here:
http://blogs.deepal.org/2009/06/how-to-fix-mbr-using-ubuntu-live-cd.html

but this i think will replace the grub and you will boot to windows directly so you will not be able to see the ubuntu and then you need to follow another solution to bring ubuntu back by following this:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RecoveringUbuntuAfterInstallingWindows


IFACE is an internal variable for ifupdown (ifup and ifdown), could be used in the relevant configuration file /etc/network/interfaces (and on files from relevant directories).

The variable IFACEexpands to the name of the interface being processed currently by ifup or ifdown.

Like all configuration files' man pages, the manual for /etc/network/interfaces is in section 5, and you can easily get that with man 5 interfaces (or even with man interfaces if nothing like interfaces exists in any prior sections).

To get to the variable IFACE in one go, leverage the LESS environment variable (assuming your pager for man is less, which is the default):

LESS='+/^[[:blank:]]+IFACE' man 5 interfaces


Ubuntu top bar gone transparent, themes not working, No notification icons

As Unity is based on the GTK stack and Ubuntu uses a slightly modified version of it you can't just install another version.

Remove GTK+3.12 and any dependencies that are not from the Ubuntu repositories and install Ubuntu's version of GTK


How to open evince in the top-right corner of my screen?

You could do this with compiz.

Install CompizConfig Settings Manager from the software center.
In Window Management go to Place Windows.
Go to the Fixed Window Placement tab; in Windows with fixed placement click on New.
In positioned window type class=Evince. Set the position relative to the top-left of your screen.

In System -> Preferences -> Appearance enable visual effects.


I didn't. However, running a live Ubuntu system from a flash drive or CD costs you next to nothing. If your graphics, wireless, ethernet and power management work with a live system, then they will also work with a normal installation. Moreover, the older the system is, the less trouble you should expect.


Install non-executable files with dh_install

It's a bug in dh-install. Remove the executable bit in your .install file.
chmod -x debian/*.install
Hope this answer helps someone, it took me blood sweat and tears to solve.


Suppose you have permission to write to a file but not to delete it - What rights do we talk about?

To write to an existing file you need write permissions for that file.

To delete a file you need write permission for the folder that contains that file.


At least the idVendor and idProduct can be spotted in the wireshark dumps. Then it can be tracked by id (which usually grows when reconnected).


groupdel: cannot remove the primary group of user 'administrator'

This is documented in the man page. From man groupdel:

  You may not remove the primary group of any existing user. You must
  remove the user before you remove the group.

So you need to make the primary group of user administrator something other than pro1 and then you should be able to remove group pro1.

Example:

$ sudo groupdel foobar
groupdel: cannot remove the primary group of user 'foobar'
$ sudo usermod -g foo foobar  ## Change the primary group of user "foobar" from "foobar" to "foo"
$ sudo groupdel foobar  ## Done


an alternative way to set the brightness is to use xrandr

xrandr --output $DISPALY --brightness $VALUE

$DISPLAY is the name of your connected display, you can get a list of all displays with

xrandr -q | grep "connected"

replace $VALUE with your desired level of brightness.

example :   xrandr --output LVDS1 --brightness .4


In order to verify your /etc/rc.local script you should use this command:

  sudo service rc.local start

When system init starts rc.local scripts it runs as root, but if you want to check your script, you need to become root via sudo command.

That is why you got errors like Can't CD to /root/server/srv/.

If your script doesn't work during startup process, consider that the environment is restricted, so you should define missing variables as your script needs.

Here is an example.

The error:  /bin/sh: 0: Illegal option - is due to DOS file format.

In order to fix it you should install dos2unix utility and convert rc.local file:

  sudo dos2unix /etc/rc.local


You'll find it under Edit -> Preferences -> Security -> Passwords -> Saved Passwords -> Show Passwords. Click Yes at the prompt to show the passwords.


How to run symlink'ed executable application from Desktop while using GNOME Shell?

You probably can't until the Gnome Shell Desktop Icons is developed to allow for directly running executables (which, probably, they shouldn't, but that is another discussion and a matter of opinion ;)). You will need to stick to a .desktop file for now.


The reason why you can't access a pulseaudio sink from an upstart job is because pulseaudio is not yet running. Per default pulseaudio is (and should be) started from a user session. Therefore you have no issues from running after login.

To overcome this we should therefore run applications relying on a running pulseaudio server in a session after the user login.

Alternatively we may try with running pulseaudio in system wide mode, but as this may lead to unwanted side effects it is not recommended to do so:

What is wrong with system mode? PulseAudio


Stuck in grub rescue after 13.04 installer crashed

You might have broken packages on the USB, did you run disk test before installing?
You can try  dpkg --configure -a  in command line as root from rescue and then  apt-get update
 apt-get dist-upgrade
   Or just reinstall the disk if you have fresh installation.  Check if your USB drive works well.


How to create a bash script using a bash script?

Use a here document

#!/bin/sh

cat <<'EOF' | sudo tee /usr/local/bin/startapp
#!/bin/bash
if [ `wmctrl -l | grep -c "$2"` != 0 ]
then wmctrl -a "$2"
else $1 &
fi
EOF

Use of quotes (of any kind - including a backslash \EOF) in the delimiter prevents the invoking shell from expanding substitutions prematurely.


Trying this again... live boot on arm device

I really don't see any documentation on this, but this would be extremely useful. I'll tell you why.

Instead of running a normal computer to stay on irc chat to keep up with the lastest security news or to connect to "ubuntu" and open source irc servers, you can use a raspberry pi at 5 watt max to save power, (it uses no power) it's more reliable, it's more secure because it's a one app appliance, and frees up your computer, and you can be always on.

How would the live boot be useful?
it's more reliable...because an irc chat program would not need to write logs onto the boot media and wear it out, it can write to ram.

Sure, you can probably create a ramdisk and change logging directories but maybe not every program will play nicely and things are getting complicated.

One way this can be done:

The Raspberry Pi verion B has HDMI, 512MiB of RAM, a low power Arm processor and 3 usb ports, one usb port is taken by a RJ45 network port, so you only have 2.

Supposedly, with a booting sd card, one port would be taken, one left but we still need a few more ports for keyboard and mouse. a usb hub can solve this problem and maybe allow for a fourth port [Live Boot] [Hub=> kb, mouse, _] for storage.

Something live-boot-like would be nice because any security breach means nothing if sd cards can be write protected but this means you can't write a log except in memory or only on additional storage or through the network. If the raspberry Pi had vga, we would be all set. You would have to definitely secure the network and update the software securely after a reboot and that's it.


Nautilus not working since 16.04 install

I had the same symptoms as above.

Nautilus would not open as my own user.
Nautilus would open fine using gksudo nautilus.

I opened a terminal to run as my own user, and got very similar error messages as above.

This link solved the problem for me:

Nautilus not opening up, showing GLib error

Here is the gist of the problem:

Some nautilus processes were still running that need to be killed.

The linked solution describes how to find the process ID's and kill them.

After that, I am fine - no need to reboot or anything.


How to keep track on network usage for long time in system monitor

Install modem manager gui

Modem manager

you can find more option in this app

open Ubuntu software center--> Edit-->software sources
mark all

then open updates and choose option never for notify me of a new ubuntu version

close it and type this command in terminal

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get upgrade

sudo apt-get install modem-manager-gui

if your problem not solved please inform me.


Do you need a shell program for Proxy Forwarding?

If the server does have direct access to the internet ssh is all you need.
Using the example of the linked article just put localhost port 9999 to your browser's proxy settings and everything is fine.
Another option would be to install an HTTP Proxy server and to use ssh only for portforwarding. E.g. that you local port 8080 is forwarded to the server port 8080 on which a http proxy server is listening.


Change mouse wheel scroll speed in Chrome on 12.04 (edit starter bar commandline)

The .desktop files you are looking for are stored in /usr/share/applications/

To change the mouse wheel speed open the .desktop file:
sudo -i gedit /usr/share/applications/google-chrome.desktop

and then go the 'Desktop Entry' section and look for following line (mine is on line 108):
Exec=/opt/google/chrome/google-chrome

and change it to (you can use any value you like instead of 150):
Exec=/opt/google/chrome/google-chrome --scroll-pixels=150 %U

Hint: if you use Chromium instead of Google Chrome, edit the chromium-browser.desktop file ;)


GParted not working error while loading shared libraries: libgtkmm-2.4.so.1

Try removing these packages gparted libatkmm-1.6-1v5 libgtkmm-2.4-1v5 libgtkmm-3.0-1v5 pavucontrol type in this command.

sudo apt-get remove gparted libatkmm-1.6-1v5 libgtkmm-2.4-1v5 libgtkmm-3.0-1v5 pavucontrol

and then install ubuntu-desktop if it removes it.

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop gparted libatkmm-1.6-1v5 libgtkmm-2.4-1v5 libgtkmm-3.0-1v5 pavucontrol


Which directories at / is it safeish to move to a slower (but much larger) secondary drive?

There are a few additional things to consider apart from performance when moving root-level directories to separate mounts.

One of them is the fact that some directories are expected to be present during the early stages of boot process, before any partitions are mounted. I mean, moving /boot would obviously break things unless you take care to modify the bootloader telling it the new location of the directory.

Similarly, mount command is located in /bin, fstab is located in /etc and the very first process invoked by the bootloader, called init, is located in /sbin. Also, my understanding is that some binaries in /sbin may use libraries from /lib.

I'm not saying that it's absolutely impossible to have those directories somewhere else - Linux is incredibly flexible - but it's kinda "proceed with caution" thing.

My understanding is that /opt, /usr and /var can be moved without much trouble, but I would expect that moving /usr to a slow drive would slow down things considerably as it contains all the GUI programs you're using all the time. At least, the programs will start much slower.

Another consideration is how much disk space you're going to gain by moving the directories to another drive... /bin is about 9 megabytes and /etc on my machine is 25 MB - definitely doesn't worth the trouble. /usr is the bulkiest one, so if anything, I would just move /usr and leave the rest on the root partition.


How to log only the message in syslog-ng?

This can be done with the help of templates. $MSG has the message contents and we can ensure that only it is logged.

template t_imp {
  template("$MSG\n");
  template_escape(no);
};

destination d_imp {
  file("/home/rpr/syslog.log" template(t_imp));
};


I use a startup script with help of ARANDR (http://www.ubuntugeek.com/arandr-a-simple-visual-front-end-for-xrandr.html) which I wrote about here: https://askubuntu.com/a/269547/2692


Redshift is easy to install, and even easier to use.  Just open a terminal and do sudo apt-get install redshift redshift-gtk.  Once the installation is complete, click the Dash icon, type 'red' (without quotes), and click the Redshift icon.  The software does the rest.  Here is a link to a page with a very good introduction to redshift. (not my work)  http://jonls.dk/redshift/


The above remark referring to the graphical description is good, from a descriptive point of view. A technical in depth of what happens during installation is given here: https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/installation-guide/amd64/apds04.html, although it is given in Ubuntu commands.


You can use the NetManager GUI.

First, check the provided DHCP configuration so that you can use the same configuration for your manual IP assignment.

Make a note of these IPv4 settings:

IP address
Netmask
Gateway

While there are a number of methods, these commands will provide the information:

IP Address and NetMask:

$ ifconfig

Gateway:

$ route -n

Now to create your custom configuration:

 (click) The Network Icon in the Navigation bar -> (click) Edit ->
 (click) Add -> (Select the connection type for your enp0s20u3u4u1 choice) Ethernet ->
 (click) Create -> (Type in a name for your new configuration) MYIP ->
 Choose your device enp0s20u3u4u1 from the Device drop-down) ->
(click the tap) IPv4 Settings -> (for the Method choose from the drop-down Manual) ->
 (click) Add -> (Insert your Address, Netmask, and Gateway from the old configuration found above.  Use your own uniqe IP, changing only the number after the last dot so that you say on the same network.  Press ENTER after each entry) ->
 (type in your desired DNS Servers and Search Domains) -> (click) Save -> (click) Close

The steps might appear complicated, but while looking at the GUI interface, it should all fall in place.

After you have created the new connection, you can use the Network Icon to disconnect from your current DHCP default and connect to the custom configuration.

When reboot it'll default to the last connection used.


Show extra icon in Unity notification area (14.04, Copy Agent)

please try

sudo apt-get install libappindicator1


Is there any reason to use 'kill' instead of 'killall'/'pkill'?

kill is an important part of Unix because it can kill a specific process even if another process has the same name. A Unix/Linux system will have kill but it may not have pkill or killall: in general, all Linux/Unix applications will always behave like kill exists on the system. Every admin should know how to use kill as it calls directly the system's inner process killing function and is less likely to have a bug, because it is simple.Do not remove kill from your system or it will stop working.
kill is used very often in the system itself: the applications can ignore the name of a process and use the PID which is different for every process; also, if an application needs to memorize a huge number of processes it is always better to memorize them as PIDs, because a number eats less memory than a string. Of course there are may other secondary implications that should be discussed on a specialized programming forum.
In your daily routine, you can use killall or pkill without fear. :-)
Please, feel free to comment under here if you have more questions and don't forget to press the left UP arrow and mark as favorite if I'm of any help.


Issue when starting MATLAB from Terminal

A MATLAB installation tutorial says that by default the MATLAB installer will create a symbolic link in /usr/local/bin.

This means that you should be able to invoke MATLAB by typing matlab in the command prompt.

However, Questioner @GurpreetSingh has a MATLAB installation with missing symlink /usr/local/bin/matlab which is strange.

There are two solutions possible for this problem which are:

Put the matlab bin in the path through PATH variable as follows:

export PATH=/usr/local/MATLAB/R2018a/bin:${PATH}

This export PATH should be placed either in ~/.bashrc file or in /etc/profile.d/matlab.sh (create this file if it does not exist)
Create the following symlink (Also refer @steeldriver comment):

$ sudo ln -s /usr/local/MATLAB/R2018a/bin/matlab /usr/local/bin/

Questioner @GurpreetSingh installed MATLAB on /opt directory in the previous Ubuntu 16.04 system and it correctly worked because the metlab binary with /opt installation path should have been correctly set in PATH manually. Or else a symlink should have been created manually in /usr/local/bin/ pointing to /opt/MATLAB/R2018a/bin/matlab.

Whereas in the present Kubuntu system, MATLAB was installed in /usr/local directory and the  bin path was NOT set manually. The symlink was also missing from /usr/local/bin directory which was really strange!

This is how the Questioner @GurpreetSingh has ended up with this problem.

That is it!


Open Custom Dialog Windows (PyGTK + Quickly)

You can also try to have a look at the help for the add command. You can do either of these:

invoke the quickly help add command
invoke the quickly tutorial command and browse to the add command reference

From the outupt of quickly help add

For instance 'quickly add dialog dialog-name' will create:

A subclass of Gtk.Dialog called DialogNameDialog in the module DialogNameDialog.py
A glade file called DialogNameDialog.ui in the media/ui directory
A catalog file called *dialog_name_dialog.xml* also in the media/ui directory

To edit the UI for the dialog, run:
$ quickly design

To edit the behavior, run:
$ quickly edit

To use the dialog you have to invoke it from another python file:

# 1. Import the dialog
import DialogNameDialog

# 2. Create an instance of the dialog
dialog = DialogNameDialog.DialogNameDialog()

# 3. Run the dialog and hide the dialog
result = dialog.run()
dialog.hide()


You can find turn off/on tabs option here: Settings -> Show tabs. Like on screenshot below.


Suddenly All Video Players Relying on Python Do Not Work in Precise 12.04 amd64

I found the issue. In any Debian or Ubuntu distribution there is a libopenjpeg2 package. The version installed is (for all Ubuntu distribs) 1.3+dfsg-4.6 . The developer of this package is http://www.openjpeg.org. Their Google Code website is at http://code.google.com/p/openjpeg. This comes with other packages like libopenjpeg-dev and openjpeg-tools.

I saw that the version shipping with the distributions was their first release dating back to May 2009. Then I decided to compile and build myself the latest 2.0.0 version (from Nov. 2012). That was working fine. I named my new package libopenjpeg2.0. That was fine. Everything was running OK. Then I decided to get rid of the oldest version 1.3 and right after I began to see some applications would not start like DeVeDe, VLC Media Player, Banshee Media Player, Movie Player and others ... Some like DeVeDe launched from the command line reported the library libopenjpeg.so.2 as missing.

Re-installing libopenjpeg v1.3 solved the issue. I learned through this process that the OpenJPEG releases 1.3, 1.5 and 2.0 are not incremental releases of the same stuff. You basically need all of them installed in different package names.

In Debian Unstable I saw the version 1.5 build in package libopenjpeg5 and had some hints that the 2.0.0 version would be in package libopenjpeg6.

Packages for the 1.5 version might be found here.


Uninstalling Ubuntu and deleting boot entry

First boot to Ubuntu and install efibootmgr and use it to check your current efi boot list.

$ sudo apt-get install efibootmgr
$ sudo efibootmgr
BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 10 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0004,2001,2002,2003
Boot0000* ubuntu
Boot0003* Windows Boot Manager
Boot0004* Windows Boot Manager
Boot2001* EFI USB Device
Boot2002* EFI DVD/CDROM
Boot2003* EFI Network

In my example, my windows boot manager is entry 4, and ubuntu is entry 0. You can see the boot order 0, 4, ...

To delete the Ubuntu boot entry, first update the boot order then delete the Ubuntu entry (follow the number on your computer, not this example.)

$ sudo efibootmgr -o 4,2001,2002,2003
$ sudo efibootmgr -B 0

Now you can go ahead and boot into Windows and use the disk manager to remove the Ubuntu partition.

PS: Make sure you keep everything in the list except the Ubuntu entry you want to remove from the boot list.

Additional info can be found in the UEFI Wiki page. It explain that EFI system partition is mounted on /boot/efi, and other useful details.


How to sort or manually arrange Evolution Mail Account Names in Preferences?

This issue has been addressed and you CAN re-order folders. To do so, go into Edit/Preferences/Mail Accounts. In that view you can drag folders to the order you desire, as well as select a default account.

I am using Evolution 3.10.4 in Ubuntu 14.04.


Adobe Flash not being recognized on certain websites

Re-install flashplugin-installer. It worked for me


Try restarting and during boot sequence mash the number pad keys sometimes parts of HID's are not active at boot and do not get recognized let me know if this helps.


Restoring webapps after trashing them in unity

Even though you removed the webapps from unity launcher. Those webapps launchers will be stored in ~/.local/share/applications folder.

Open ~/.local/share/applications folder. Drag and drop the .desktop files to unity launcher will bring back the webapps.

Sample Desktop entry for twitter:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Twitter
Type=Application
Icon=Twitter-twitter.com
MimeType=
Actions=S0;S1;S2;S3;S4;S5;S6;S7;S8;S9;S10;
Exec=unity-webapps-runner -n 'aBCdegFG=' -d 'twitter.com' %u

Hope this helps.


Error while installing Rhythmbox Mozilla Plugin

We have two problems here:

ppa:ubuntuhandbook1/apps PPA does not respect current version of rhythmbox package from official repository (so it won't install);
Even if we install rhythmbox-mozilla package with some hacks, it will not work with modern Firefox 53+ Quantum (see quote from latest package Changelog):

  rhythmbox 3.4.2-4ubuntu1 source package in Ubuntu
  Changelog

  rhythmbox (3.4.2-4ubuntu1) bionic; urgency=medium
  ...
  * Stop building rhythmbox-plugin-mozilla since it won't work in Firefox 53+

But if you need to play video in your browser, then you can install Mozilla SeaMonkey all-in-one internet application suite and use it with VLC-plugin:

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mozilla.list
deb http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/ubuntuzilla/mozilla/apt all main
EOF

sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 2667CA5C
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install browser-plugin-vlc seamonkey-mozilla-build

I view RTSP streams this way on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.


Gujin

This has worked pretty well for me in the past. The project is currently hosted on SourceForge and you can download the sources / binaries from here:

http://sourceforge.net/projects/gujin

The SourceForge page does not have any information on usage, but there is some good documentation on the OSDev wiki here:

http://wiki.osdev.org/Gujin

If all you're looking for are simple and straightforward instructions for a basic installation, here they are:

Firstly, you have to download gujin from it's sourceforge project page.
Then, in a terminal issue the following command as root:

gujin (or ./gujin) /boot/gujin.ebios
Wait until it finishes, and reboot.
Ta-dah! You have now installed gujin. Isn't it better?

Source:
http://linuxlalala.blogspot.com/2013/01/how-to-install-gujin-bootloader-on-linux.html


How to open directory in Guake from Nautilus

Ok, so I found a shell script that will work and modified it to work with guake. To get it working follow these steps.

Create a new empty document,  Right click => Create New Document => Empty Document
Name It Open in Guake or something similar
Open it and paste the code listed below- Source 1 (This is needed because the nautilus returns a specific file path and it needs to be reformatted to work in the terminal.)

#!/bin/bash
# From Chris Picton
# Replaces a Script by Martin Enlund
# Modified to work with spaces in path by Christophe Combelles
# Modified to use guake by Matthew Jump

# This script either opens in the current directory,
# or in the selected directory

base="`echo $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI | cut -d'/' -f3- | sed 's/%20/ /g'`"
if [ -z "$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS" ]; then
 dir="$base"
else
     while [ ! -z "$1" -a ! -d "$base/$1" ]; do shift; done
     dir="$base/$1"
fi

#there should be an embracing around the $dir
guake --show --execute-command="cd '$dir'"

Notice the last command is what is used to open the directory in guake --show toggles the apearance of guake, and --execute-command="cd $dir" navigates to the directory.  run man guake (in terminal) for a complete list of commands (note that it gets complicated with mixing comands).
Save the file and then place it in:

For 12.04: ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts
For 14.04: ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/

Which are hidden folders in your home folder, to view hidden folders go to => View => Show Hidden Files
Now we need to make the file executable, Right click on the file go to > Properties > click Permissions tab > look for "Execute" and check "Allow executing file as program" then close out.

Next We just need to try out the script, right click a folder in Nautilus, then go to =>Scripts => Open in Guake

Now you have a custom "Open in Guake" script on your right click.

Open in new Guake tab and rename tab as path:
I made some changes to the script to open a new tab in Guake and rename the tab after the directory. So if you want to use these changes just replace the last line of the code with this-

guake -n "$dir" -r "$dir" -t

-n "$dir" makes a new tab with the directory as its prompt, so its faster than executing "CD" like I did above. And -r is to rename the tab.

Open in new tab, with short name for current directory:
It now shows either the directory name you are in or the selected directory depending on where you right click, for files and the blank space the folder name of the directory you are in, for selecting a folder it displays the folder name, to use just replace the last line with this code-

guake -n "$dir" -r "`echo ${dir%/} | rev | cut -d'/' -f1 | rev`" -t

the quotes around $dir also fix an issue i had with certain folders that had a lot of spaces.


apt-cache policy linux-image linux-image-generic will tell you the "latest" kernel version (those two meta-packages depend on "the latest kernel").

So you will see that currently 3.5.0.25 is the latest which would get pulled in by security updates.

About what is currently running on your system, you can see it in the output of uname -a: 3.5.0-24-generic.

And when security patches are applied to a kernel its version get "bumped" up, so if there are security patches needed you will get the with 3.5.0.24 or any next version. So it is possible for you to skip 3.0.25 and just wait for the next (or later) update.

On one of my machines I had to skip 3.5.23 and 3.5.24 for instance.


How to disable encrypted home directory?

I'd try:

ecryptfs-setup-private --undo

But other user suggest a longer method:

1st thing to do : BACKUP YOUR HOME
I can't say it louder... basically undoing encryption is equivalent to resetting (rm -rf) your /home, which is in fact hidden by a mount.

2nd step : log out of any desktop manager and go to a virtual console (Ctrl+Alt+F1)
Finally : for details :

 ecryptfs-setup-private --undo

In the event that you want to remove your eCryptfs Private Directory setup,
you will need to very carefully perform the following actions manually:

Obtain your Private directory mountpoint

PRIVATE=cat ~/.ecryptfs/Private.mnt 2>/dev/null || echo $HOME/Private
Ensure that you have moved all relevant data out of your $PRIVATE directory
Unmount your encrypted private directory

  ecryptfs-umount-private

Make your Private directory writable again

chmod 700 $PRIVATE

Remove $PRIVATE, ~/.Private, ~/.ecryptfs
Note: THIS IS VERY PERMANENT, BE VERY CAREFUL

  rm -rf $PRIVATE ~/.Private ~/.ecryptfs

Uninstall the utilities (this is specific to your Linux distribution)

  sudo apt-get remove ecryptfs-utils libecryptfs0

I would say step 5 is a bit wrong : there's no need to delete $PRIVATE, which was for me my home....

After .Private and .ecryptfs deletion, just restore your /home :]


How to make keyboard backlight Fn buttons work in Samsung Series 9?

I bought the exact same model (900X4C) a couple of days ago and I've successfully seen the F9/F10 keys work, and I didn't even had to install the Voria / samsung-tools package either - I just fiddled around with the /lib/udev/keymaps/samsung-other file and the corresponding force-release file.

Unfortunately, I messed up the install process (I wasn't running Ubuntu in UEFI mode and I had swap) and I decided to reinstall, since then I was unable to replicate the working keyboard backlight.

I just felt like that was something that may help others more knowledgeable to find a solution.

Here are a couple of (perhaps useful) resources I came across:

http://blog.nonobis.nl/?p=11
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SamsungSeries9
http://www.rileybrandt.com/2012/11/18/linux-ultrabook/
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/udev/+bug/1203592
https://github.com/chris-martin/samsung-900x4c/tree/master/etc/udev
http://jablonskis.org/2011/fedora-16-linux-on-samsung-series-9-np900x3a/
http://everydaywithlinux.blogspot.pt/2012/10/samsung-np900x4c-and-fedora-17.html

Also, a couple of experiments and results...

Doing:

cat /sys/class/dmi/id/product_name

Returns:

900X3C/900X3D/900X3E/900X4C/900X4D (matched by samsung-other)

After a fresh install of Ubuntu 13.04 and update this is what I get:

F1 (Settings) - Doesn't Work
F2 (- Screen Brightness)
F3 (+ Screen Brightness)
F4 (Toggle Video Mode)
F5 (Toggle Clickpad)
F6 (Mute)
F7 (- Volume)
F8 (+ Volume)
F9 (- Keyboard Backlight) - Doesn't Work
F10 (+ Keyboard Backlight) - Doesn't Work
F11 (Fan / Toggle CPU Speed) - Doesn't Work
F12 (Toggle WiFi) - Doesn't Work

I also managed to get the correct keymap codes for this exact model by doing /lib/udev/keymap -i input/event3 and gathering the output when I pressed a FN + Fx key combination:

0xCE    prog1           # F1
0x89    brightnessdown  # F2
0x88    brightnessup    # F3
0x82    switchvideomode # F4
0xF7    f22             # F5
0xF9    f23             # F5
0xA0    mute            # F6
0xAE    volumedown      # F7
0xB0    volumeup        # F8
0x97    kbdillumdown    # F9
0x96    kbdillumup      # F10
0xB3    prog3           # F11, "silent" isn't recognized
0xD5    wlan            # F12

You can use showkey to get the decimal code representation for the combination pressed.

Remember to call the following commands afterwards:

sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
sudo /lib/udev/keymap input/event3 /lib/udev/keymaps/samsung-other

I'm sort of giving up on this for now but if anyone gets it right, let me know!

PS: While experimenting, I just noticed 2 interesting things:

If you comment and reload all the default keymap rules, everything still works (why?)
If you use the github rules I liked to, once you press F9/F10 you can't type anymore anywhere

The point #2 makes me suspect the keys are not being released.

# Set model specific atkbd force_release quirk
#
# Several laptops have hotkeys which don't generate release events,
# which can cause problems with software key repeat.
# The atkbd driver has a quirk handler for generating synthetic
# release events, which can be configured via sysfs since 2.6.32.
# Simply add a file with a list of scancodes for your laptop model
# in /usr/lib/udev/keymaps, and add a rule here.
# If the hotkeys also need a keymap assignment you can copy the
# scancodes from the keymap file, otherwise you can run
# /usr/lib/udev/keymap -i /dev/input/eventX
# on a Linux vt to find out.

The above was taken from /lib/udev/rules.d/95-keyboard-force-release.rules.


I've the menu twice in 13.10/unity after trying gnome flashback and installing nvidia-prime

It's a bug with nvidia prime actually, i suppresed it and it's ok now


you need to add multimediawidgets to your QT variable in your project file:

QT += multimediawidgets

Note that Phonon no longer exists in Qt 5. Use the Multimedia module instead


How to extend a .desktop file for adding new Actions?

You are describing the good approach on how to edit a .desktop file in order to add custom actions. It is also good practice to work on a copy of the file in your .local/share/applications folder. This way, the changes are only in effect for yourself or other users that use that copy, and also ensures the changes will not be overwritten by an update.

Your specific issue, however, is where you are renaming your local copy. To prevent that the system wide .desktop file settings are used, make sure your local copy has the same file name as the system wide .desktop file. Only then will it fully replace for the system wide .desktop file.


Gigolo doesn't store the password itself, rather it uses gnome-keyring to store them. Following is the quote from Gigolo's Help Document

  There is no support for direct storing of passwords at all in Gigolo. Instead by using GVfs we get support for gnome-keyring for free. All you have to do is to install the gnome-keyring package (and maybe restart your session). The next time you connect to a resource which requires a password, Gigolo will ask you for it as usual and then the entered password is stored in the keyring for this connection. Currently, your password is stored forever. This will be configurable in future versions to store it only per session or to not store it at all.

Now coming to GnomeKeyring:

Where does it stores the passwords?

It stores the password in keyrings folder:

In Ubuntu 12.10, it is located at ~/.local/share/keyrings/
In Ubuntu 12.04 and earlier, it is located at ~/.gnome2/keyrings/

How are these passwords encrypted?

Quoting from GnomeKeyring's Security FAQs:

  SHA-256 for hashing, AES-128 for encrypting the secrets.