Install Ubuntu on USB stick - "error loading operating system"

the very likely cause is that the computer has not been set to boot from the USB. Go into the bios (f2 on most computers) and go over to the "boot" section and move "USB device" or whatever it is called on your computer to the top by the method that the bios explains (sometimes "f5 is down f6 is up" or "u/d")


"sudo bash" ignoring read-only permission of .bash_history file

Root has universal read/write to everything.  Period.

Proponents of windows like to claim its authentication system is stronger because it doesn't have a "god" account and even local administrators can be explicitly denied.

You cannot deny root any access to any thing on the local system.

After some comments, it got me thinking you might be looking for a way to not write to bash history at all.  You could do that like this: http://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/view/7041/dont-save-commands-in-bash-history-only-for-current-session

Putting unset HISTFILE in your bashrc for those that don't want to follow the link.


USB keyboard does not load after 13.10 upgrade

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/initramfs-tools/+bug/1238194

Add ohci_pci to /etc/initramfs-tools/modules and save

sudo update-initramfs -u

Reboot and Enjoy! :-)


Ubuntu 20.10 freezes when downloading torrent / watching youtube / using VLC

What a coincidence. I have the same WiFi card and the same issue. I usually run Manjaro, but have been able to recreate the issue with an Ubuntu 21.04 live USB as well as the Manjaro 21.0.3 live USB. In both cases I had Deluge running with 20 torrents, VLC running a video on repeat and two YouTube videos also on. Using the WiFi card the machine would show the same symptoms as yours, and then reboot, consistently after about 2 hours.
It has also occured on my installed Manjaro partition too. When running only Deluge it would crash after maybe 4-5 hours, but with VLC running too it would happen quicker. I have also had it happen out of the blue at random times, but I THINK I had some YouTube video going or some network activity was occuring in each instance.
Today I tried this (deluge + vlc + youtube) using wired network, and so far it has been going steadily for 6 hours and counting. I will have this running the rest of today and tommorrow too to increase confidence that the WiFi card is the problem.
Have you tried running torrents and VLC on cabled network? Has it worked?
PS: I see I have hardware somewhat similiar to yours:
ystem:
  Kernel: 5.11.14-1-MANJARO x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc v: 10.2.0
  parameters: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-5.11-x86_64
  root=UUID=c398a086-6f8a-42e7-8d87-54c4578033a3 rw quiet apparmor=1
  security=apparmor udev.log_priority=3 nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=0
  Desktop: Xfce 4.16.0 tk: Gtk 3.24.24 info: xfce4-panel wm: xfwm4
  dm: LightDM 1.30.0 Distro: Manjaro Linux base: Arch Linux
Machine:
  Type: Desktop System: Komplett product: Komplett PC v: N/A serial:
  Mobo: ASUSTeK model: ROG STRIX B450-F GAMING v: Rev 1.xx serial:
  UEFI: American Megatrends v: 4301 date: 03/04/2021
Battery:
  Message: No system battery data found. Is one present?
Memory:
  RAM: total: 15.07 GiB used: 3.25 GiB (21.6%)
  Array-1: capacity: 128 GiB slots: 4 EC: None max-module-size: 32 GiB
  note: est.
  Device-1: DIMM_A1 size: No Module Installed
  Device-2: DIMM_A2 size: 8 GiB speed: 3200 MT/s type: DDR4
  detail: synchronous unbuffered (unregistered) bus-width: 64 bits
  total: 64 bits manufacturer: Kingston part-no: KHX3200C18D4/8G
  serial:
  Device-3: DIMM_B1 size: No Module Installed
  Device-4: DIMM_B2 size: 8 GiB speed: 3200 MT/s type: DDR4
  detail: synchronous unbuffered (unregistered) bus-width: 64 bits
  total: 64 bits manufacturer: Kingston part-no: KHX3200C18D4/8G
  serial:
CPU:
  Info: 6-Core model: AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650G with Radeon Graphics socket: AM4
  bits: 64 type: MT MCP arch: Zen 2 family: 17 (23) model-id: 60 (96)
  stepping: 1 microcode: 8600106 cache: L1: 384 KiB L2: 3 MiB L3: 8 MiB
  bogomips: 88668
  Speed: 1397 MHz min/max: 1400/3700 MHz base/boost: 3700/4300 boost: enabled
  volts: 1.2 V ext-clock: 100 MHz Core speeds (MHz): 1: 1397 2: 1830 3: 1397
  4: 1397 5: 1709 6: 1397 7: 1397 8: 1397 9: 2863 10: 1518 11: 1386 12: 1397
  Flags: 3dnowprefetch abm adx aes aperfmperf apic arat avic avx avx2 bmi1
  bmi2 bpext cat_l3 cdp_l3 clflush clflushopt clwb clzero cmov cmp_legacy
  constant_tsc cpb cpuid cqm cqm_llc cqm_mbm_local cqm_mbm_total cqm_occup_llc
  cr8_legacy cx16 cx8 de decodeassists extapic extd_apicid f16c flushbyasid
  fma fpu fsgsbase fxsr fxsr_opt ht hw_pstate ibpb ibrs ibs irperf lahf_lm
  lbrv lm mba mca mce misalignsse mmx mmxext monitor movbe msr mtrr mwaitx
  nonstop_tsc nopl npt nrip_save nx osvw overflow_recov pae pat pausefilter
  pclmulqdq pdpe1gb perfctr_core perfctr_llc perfctr_nb pfthreshold pge pni
  popcnt pse pse36 rdpid rdpru rdrand rdseed rdt_a rdtscp rep_good sep sha_ni
  skinit smap smca smep ssbd sse sse2 sse4_1 sse4_2 sse4a ssse3 stibp succor
  svm svm_lock syscall tce topoext tsc tsc_scale umip v_vmsave_vmload vgif
  vmcb_clean vme vmmcall wbnoinvd wdt xgetbv1 xsave xsavec xsaveerptr xsaveopt
  xsaves
  Vulnerabilities: Type: itlb_multihit status: Not affected
  Type: l1tf status: Not affected
  Type: mds status: Not affected
  Type: meltdown status: Not affected
  Type: spec_store_bypass
  mitigation: Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl and seccomp
  Type: spectre_v1
  mitigation: usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
  Type: spectre_v2 mitigation: Full AMD retpoline, IBPB: conditional, IBRS_FW,
  STIBP: conditional, RSB filling
  Type: srbds status: Not affected
  Type: tsx_async_abort status: Not affected
Graphics:
  Device-1: AMD Renoir vendor: ASUSTeK driver: amdgpu v: kernel
  bus-ID: 09:00.0 chip-ID: 1002:1636 class-ID: 0300
  Display: server: X.Org 1.20.11 driver: loaded: amdgpu,ati
  unloaded: modesetting alternate: fbdev,vesa display-ID: :0.0 screens: 1
  Screen-1: 0 s-res: 1920x1080 s-dpi: 96 s-size: 508x285mm (20.0x11.2")
  s-diag: 582mm (22.9")
  Monitor-1: HDMI-A-0 res: 1920x1080 hz: 60 dpi: 94
  size: 521x293mm (20.5x11.5") diag: 598mm (23.5")
  OpenGL: renderer: AMD RENOIR (DRM 3.40.0 5.11.14-1-MANJARO LLVM 11.1.0)
  v: 4.6 Mesa 21.0.2 direct render: Yes
Audio:
  Device-1: AMD vendor: ASUSTeK driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel
  bus-ID: 09:00.1 chip-ID: 1002:1637 class-ID: 0403
  Device-2: AMD Family 17h HD Audio vendor: ASUSTeK driver: snd_hda_intel
  v: kernel bus-ID: 09:00.6 chip-ID: 1022:15e3 class-ID: 0403
  Device-3: Mackie Designs Onyx Blackjack type: USB driver: snd-usb-audio
  bus-ID: 3-1:2 chip-ID: 0a73:0010 class-ID: 0102
  Sound Server-1: ALSA v: k5.11.14-1-MANJARO running: yes
  Sound Server-2: JACK v: 1.9.17 running: no
  Sound Server-3: PulseAudio v: 14.2 running: yes
  Sound Server-4: PipeWire v: 0.3.25 running: no
Network:
  Device-1: Intel I211 Gigabit Network vendor: ASUSTeK driver: igb v: kernel
  port: d000 bus-ID: 03:00.0 chip-ID: 8086:1539 class-ID: 0200
  IF: enp3s0 state: down mac:
  Device-2: Realtek RTL8192CE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter vendor: ASUSTeK
  driver: rtl8192ce v: kernel port: c000 bus-ID: 04:00.0 chip-ID: 10ec:8178
  class-ID: 0280
  IF: wlp4s0 state: up mac:
  IP v4:  type: dynamic noprefixroute scope: global
  broadcast:
  IP v6:  type: noprefixroute scope: link
  WAN IP:
Bluetooth:
  Message: No bluetooth data found.
Logical:
  Message: No logical block device data found.
RAID:
  Message: No RAID data found.
Drives:
  Local Storage: total: 5.44 TiB used: 118.8 GiB (2.1%)
  SMART Message: Required tool smartctl not installed. Check --recommends
  ID-1: /dev/nvme0n1 maj-min: 259:0 vendor: Western Digital
  model: WDS100T2B0C-00PXH0 size: 931.51 GiB block-size: physical: 512 B
  logical: 512 B speed: 31.6 Gb/s lanes: 4 rotation: SSD serial:
  rev: 211210WD temp: 27.9 C scheme: GPT
  ID-2: /dev/sda maj-min: 8:0 vendor: Kingston model: SA400S37960G
  size: 894.25 GiB block-size: physical: 512 B logical: 512 B speed: 6.0 Gb/s
  rotation: SSD serial:  rev: K1B3 scheme: MBR
  ID-3: /dev/sdb maj-min: 8:16 type: USB vendor: Western Digital
  model: WD Elements 25A3 size: 3.64 TiB block-size: physical: 4096 B
  logical: 512 B serial:  rev: 1019 scheme: GPT
  ID-4: /dev/sdc maj-min: 8:32 type: USB vendor: Verbatim model: STORE N GO
  size: 14.75 GiB block-size: physical: 512 B logical: 512 B serial:
  rev: 1.00 scheme: MBR
  Message: No optical or floppy data found.
Partition:
  ID-1: / raw-size: 734.07 GiB size: 721.48 GiB (98.28%)
  used: 118.77 GiB (16.5%) fs: ext4 block-size: 4096 B dev: /dev/nvme0n1p5
  maj-min: 259:5 label: N/A uuid: c398a086-6f8a-42e7-8d87-54c4578033a3
  ID-2: /boot/efi raw-size: 260 MiB size: 256 MiB (98.46%)
  used: 25.6 MiB (10.0%) fs: vfat block-size: 512 B dev: /dev/nvme0n1p1
  maj-min: 259:1 label: SYSTEM uuid: 6E20-5105
Swap:
  Alert: No swap data was found.
Unmounted:
  ID-1: /dev/nvme0n1p2 maj-min: 259:2 size: 16 MiB fs: N/A label: N/A
  uuid: N/A
  ID-2: /dev/nvme0n1p3 maj-min: 259:3 size: 196.69 GiB fs: ntfs label: Windows
  uuid: 5C0A20F70A20D036
  ID-3: /dev/nvme0n1p4 maj-min: 259:4 size: 500 MiB fs: ntfs
  label: Recovery tools uuid: 8018214D1821438E
  ID-4: /dev/sda1 maj-min: 8:1 size: 100 MiB fs: ntfs label: System Reserved
  uuid: 083643023642EFEC
  ID-5: /dev/sda2 maj-min: 8:2 size: 98.46 GiB fs: ntfs label: N/A
  uuid: 7CCC44A3CC445992
  ID-6: /dev/sda3 maj-min: 8:3 size: 795.69 GiB fs: ext4 label: N/A
  uuid: 43b36098-6834-4fc2-80c6-3ff8a4910117
  ID-7: /dev/sdb1 maj-min: 8:17 size: 3.64 TiB fs: ext4 label: ElementsJohs
  uuid: 35d2289c-e2aa-4951-a2a1-657936e58196
  ID-8: /dev/sdc1 maj-min: 8:33 size: 14.75 GiB fs: ntfs label: N/A
  uuid: 03C0A47A7F1FA59C
USB:
  Hub-1: 1-0:1 info: Full speed (or root) Hub ports: 10 rev: 2.0
  speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
  Device-1: 1-5:2 info: Primax USB Optical Mouse type: Mouse
  driver: hid-generic,usbhid interfaces: 1 rev: 2.0 speed: 1.5 Mb/s
  power: 100mA chip-ID: 0461:4d22 class-ID: 0301
  Hub-2: 2-0:1 info: Full speed (or root) Hub ports: 4 rev: 3.1 speed: 10 Gb/s
  chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
  Device-1: 2-1:2 info: Western Digital Elements Desktop (WDBWLG)
  type: Mass Storage driver: usb-storage interfaces: 1 rev: 3.0 speed: 5 Gb/s
  power: 8mA chip-ID: 1058:25a3 class-ID: 0806 serial:
  Device-2: 2-3:3 info: Verbatim Flash Drive (StorenGo) type: Mass Storage
  driver: usb-storage interfaces: 1 rev: 3.0 speed: 5 Gb/s power: 304mA
  chip-ID: 18a5:0243 class-ID: 0806 serial:
  Hub-3: 3-0:1 info: Full speed (or root) Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.0
  speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
  Device-1: 3-1:2 info: Mackie Designs Onyx Blackjack type: Audio
  driver: snd-usb-audio interfaces: 3 rev: 1.1 speed: 12 Mb/s power: 500mA
  chip-ID: 0a73:0010 class-ID: 0102
  Hub-4: 4-0:1 info: Full speed (or root) Hub ports: 2 rev: 3.1 speed: 10 Gb/s
  chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
  Hub-5: 5-0:1 info: Full speed (or root) Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.0
  speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
  Device-1: 5-1:2 info: Logitech Illuminated Keyboard type: Keyboard,Mouse
  driver: hid-generic,usbhid interfaces: 2 rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s
  power: 300mA chip-ID: 046d:c318 class-ID: 0300
  Hub-6: 6-0:1 info: Full speed (or root) Hub ports: 2 rev: 3.1 speed: 10 Gb/s
  chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
Sensors:
  System Temperatures: cpu: 28.2 C mobo: 0 C gpu: amdgpu temp: 25.0 C
  Fan Speeds (RPM): N/A
Info:
  Processes: 333 Uptime: 4h 05m wakeups: 0 Init: systemd v: 247
  tool: systemctl Compilers: gcc: 10.2.0 Packages: pacman: 1196 lib: 333
  flatpak: 0 Shell: Bash (sudo) v: 5.1.0 running-in: xfce4-terminal
  inxi: 3.3.04


Oracle 11g installation failed on ubuntu 16

You're trying to install the package oracle-xe but it conflicts with oracle-xe-universal:i386. You can only have one of them installed. If you want to install oracle-xe you need to remove oracle-xe-universal:i386 first (with your favourite package manager):

sudo apt remove oracle-xe-universal:i386


resume do-release-upgrade after screen terminated

I found same looking situation here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubuntu-release-upgrader/+bug/1343737 while tryed to find solution to steal somehow the running dpkg's pty.
I was able to continue the dpkg process via reptyer!

I downloaded reptyer deb file by hand. It's found here https://ubuntu.pkgs.org/18.04/ubuntu-universe-amd64/reptyr_0.6.2-1.2_amd64.deb.html and using wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/r/reptyr/reptyr_0.6.2-1.2_amd64.deb to download the deb file.

I extracted the binary from it, because dpkg files were still locked by running dpkg. This is done using ar x reptyr_0.6.2-1.2_amd64.deb

Inside, data.tar.gz is extracted, then inside the new usr/bin folder was a file called reptyer.

Change permissions to allow execution of this file, sudo chmod +x reptyer

Finally attach to the setup using reptyer -T <pid of dpkg> command, where the pid can be found using htop, and searching for the dpkg process. And voilá! :) I was inside my upgrade session again and was able to continue!


Find your Windows partitions (based on size) you want to copy aka /dev name :

usesudo fdisk -l

On the picture you can see NTFS partitions under ID 7.

Check what devices you have mounted:

use mount | grep /dev

If your /dev/windows-partition won't be listed, we need to mount it

cd /mnt (will change directory to standard mounting dir)
sudo mkdir Windows (will create folder named Windows, where you NTFS partition will be mounted)
sudo mount -t auto -v /dev/sdX /mnt/Windows (where sdX is path/name of your Windows partition)

To check if everything is mounted correctly:

cd Windows | ls -la - you should see your Windows drive structure

Copy your Windows files to Ubuntu partition

mkdir /home/user/Windowsfiles (will create Windowsfiles folder in your home directory)
To copy use: rsync -av --progress /mnt/Windows /home/user/Windowsfiles OR cp -avr /mnt/Windows /home/user/Windowsfiles

This will copy your whole let's say D: drive to /home/user/Windowsfiles

Modify mount directory name and target directory path (and name) to your liking.

If you need clarification, let me know.


Where are the Document Viewer config files?

I think you use "Evince"
It is here
$HOME/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/

all bookmarks in *.log
but this is data files


Ubuntu Server ARM or Ubuntu Server Raspberry Pi?

I don't believe there is any difference between Ubuntu Server ARM and Ubuntu Server Raspberry Pi, except for the installation method used.


An headless server JUST used for file server functionality should just have packages to handle that function.
You could perform a minimal install and then add just samba and ssh and get rid of everything else.
Bios suggestions from Rory Alsop are a good idea.
Do you have a vga on the motherboard so you can use that instead of the nvidia?
That would be another idea.
You can also see if Openfiler can suit your needs (it has a cool web interface and it's great for fileservers imho)


How to reset KDE / display settings after a move to a new machine

I had to remove .local/share/kscreen on plasma5


When pressing the SUPER key the DASH takes a while to appear

I'd guess that your computer is slow. You could disable the dynamic blur that the dash uses and see if it no opens faster. You can do this in ccsm under Unity. There you can switch between the currently used blur, static blur and none. I'd recommend using none.


DHCP server only seeing packets on the root eth0 device and ignoring all the packets on the vlan devices

For multi network we must to create vlan's

Install the VLAN support package. For example, type:

sudo apt-get install vlan

Edit your /etc/network/interfaces file for something like this:

iface eth0 inet static
        address xxx.xxx.x.x
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        broadcast xxx.xxx.x.xxx
        network xxx.xxx.x.x

# VLAN 2
iface eth0.2 inet static
address yyy.yyy.y.y
netmask 255.255.255.0
broadcast yyy.yyy.y.yyy
network yyy.yyy.y.y
vlan_raw_device eth0

# VLAN 3
iface eth0.3 inet static
address zzz.zzz.z.
netmask 255.255.255.0
broadcast zzz.zzz.z.zzz
network zzz.zzz.z.z
vlan_raw_device eth0

I placed at /etc/rc.local to have them run after the machine boots:

vconfig set_flag eth0.2 1 1
vconfig set_flag eth0.3 1 1

The vconfig lines tell the devices that they should completely separate the packets, and treat the virtual adapters more like a real network card.

Define a subnet for each vlan, and a placeholder subnet for the root adapter just in case:

# Placeholder for root nic (maybe not needed?)
subnet xxx.xxx.x.x netmask 255.255.255.0 {}

# VLAN 2
subnet yyy.yyy.y.y netmask 255.255.255.0 {
        option routers yyy.yyy.y.y;
        option broadcast-address yyy.yyy.y.yyy;
        pool {
                range yyy.yyy.y.yy yyy.yyy.y.yyy;
        }
}

# VLAN 3
subnet zzz.zzz.z.z netmask 255.255.255.0 {
        option routers zzz.zzz.z.;
        option broadcast-address zzz.zzz.z.zzz;
        pool {
                range zzz.zzz.z.zzz zzz.zzz.z.zzz;
        }
}

Tell the DHCP server what to listen on by editing the /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server file to look something like:

INTERFACES="eth0.2 eth0.3"

restart isc-dhcp-server and you should be good to go.


Access HTTP server on port 8080 in Ubuntu

What is this IP 125.130.148? You state that your WAN IP is 41.125.130.148, so either you should check against the WAN IP and/or against the LAN IP but you will probably hit against the NAT loopback of your DSL modem - router.

A possible solution to bypass the NAT loopback is to set up a local DNS pointing to a local domain.

Additionally you should check your sites configurations at /etc/apache2/sites-available and /etc/apache2/sites-enabled`, what IPs - Domain names and Ports do you enable there?

Example of a Virtual Host listening on any IP - Domain on Port 80:

<VirtualHost *:80>
     ServerName foobar.com # this is your domain name
     ServerAlias www.foobar.com  # an alias using www prefix
     DocumentRoot /srv/www/foobar.com/public_html # where your puclic documents (HTML) lives
     ErrorLog /var/log/foobar.com/apache2/foobar_error.log # error logs for the domain
     CustomLog /var/log/foobar/apache2/foobar_access.log # access logs for the domain
</VirtualHost>


What is the difference between gtk-window-decorator and compiz-decorator?

using compiz-decorator just puts compiz in charge of picking the
  decorator - which, subsequently, can enable emerald or others through
  the compiz interface.

reference


I think this is what you need https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/vivid/+package/r-cran-plyr

Choose the version you need from the Published versions section, then on the right you will see Downloadable files.

They are debs so no compiling required.


Unable to retrieve data from cdrom after ejecting previous cd

I solved this issue by typing cdda://sr0/ directly into the Nautilus address bar which allows me to mount a new cdrom.


Battery saving does work, but I didn't notice any change of performance while using nvidia on internal display. I don't have external display so, I don't know what is the outcome.
Also in graphics details, the nvidia device is detected when on performance mode.
Simple instructions what I followed,

Open dash by tapping Super (Windows key)

Search additional, click on Additional drivers. Following image will open up, By default Nouveau driver will be selected. Select as shown in picture.

Again open dash, search nvidia, open nvidia X server settings. Choose intel card as default. Save and logout. See below picture.


You need to work with Audio Linux Sound Architecture - ALSA . The main How-To is found here.

With above How-To you can:

get List of sound devices and select one which has IRQ.
record sound into .wav with arecord -d 10 /tmp/test-mic.wav
and play that file with aplay /tmp/test-mic.wav.

But if you need to dump raw data stream and work with that you should go deeper and refer to AlsaProject. You'll find several good links on how to do that. For example ALSA Programming HOWTO.


Prevent user to delete Firefox extension

You can install Firefox extensions systemwide by copying them to /usr/share/mozilla/extensions/, the ubufox extension (installable from the repositories) works that way.

An extension installed that way will be automatically loaded by every Firefox running on the system and cannot be deleted without root rights. Unfortunately, there's no way to prevent the user from simply disabling it in Firefox' addon manager.


You'll need to combine of the answer of How do I lock the screen from a terminal? and How do I run a graphical application on a remote server when logged in through SSH? The former gives you multiple commands that will lock the current session but they all assume that they're executed from within that session. The latter explains how to execute a program in the context of a different session by setting an environment variable to the address of the display server running the that session. Example:

DISPLAY=:0 dbus-send --print-reply --session --type=method_call --dest=org.gnome.ScreenSaver /org/gnome/ScreenSaver org.gnome.ScreenSaver.Lock


Can't use terminal any more after editing bashrc file

Since you're using GUI, you can open the file with gedit text editor and correct whatever issues you may have with $HOME/.bashrc.

Alternatively, one could spawn dash , Debian Amquist Shell, which is default scripting shell for Ubuntu. Press Alt+F2  and run gnome-terminal -e dash. This will launch gnome-terminal with dash, and then you can access and edit your file with nano $HOME/.bashrc


HTML5 for Firefox 46.0.1 Ubuntu 12.04.5 Lts

So keep in mind folks, amazon instant video worked on google chrome AFTER I tried installing 'Hal' + 'ubuntu-restricted-extras' + 'flash player' to get it to work on firefox. So after these three, I just used the graphical interface and downloaded directly from google's desktop site this version: 64 bit .deb (For Debian/Ubuntu).


Do I have to leave a webapp open to get a status notification?

Yes, you have to leave a webapp open to get status notification.


New laptop won't boot after installing Ubuntu 14.04 on SSD

I'm not familiar with laptop BIOS things but I've ever tried grub-fix and use it as a way of installing my own live system.

Though I've never tried to fix grub in 14.04 but it should be OK.
So would you please tell where you get stuck while fixing grub?

Also,the following link may help.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Installing

http://howtoubuntu.org/how-to-repair-restore-reinstall-grub-2-with-a-ubuntu-live-cd


Does Zeitgeist slow performance considerably

Your assumption is right. Zeitgeist itself only takes in events and does now crawl around. Something had to send it events and it just stores it with max 2 SQLite calls ;)


Using pavucontrol

sudo apt-get install pavucontrol

Or start Sound via your Activities menu


I installed Ubuntu Gnome 16.04 on my laptop. Is it possible to switch to Unity?

I would recommend doing a full reinstall, because as @MarkKirby stated, systems have some "quirks" with two environments.

You can probably back up your personal files, but you can check this question and it's answers for how to save your apps.


/etc/rc.local (run via systemd) hangs when cat'ing /dev/urandom

Dan!

IMHO, cat /dev/urandom is bound to last forever, so you should use a command to read just first i.e. eighty lines of random content and then close input.

Using simple head -80 you still have surplus characters which you don't use, but it should not stall forever, as it is closing /dev/urandom after 80 linefeeds (or CRLFs). This is an ugly hack:

$ cat /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/bash

echo "Starting"
randomString=`head -80 /dev/urandom | tr -dc 'a-zA-Z0-9' | fold -w 32 | head -n 1`
echo "Finished"

Behavior in the background task is different IMHO because systemd doesn't know when will cat /dev/urandom finish reading from the random number device. It seems the same, but obviously, it isn't. Your script depends on breaking pipes once the last head command finishes, so it is not reliable to be portable. It can also the end with "Broken Pipe" signal which previous command in the pipeline have caught and processed. In init script ran by systemd there may not be provision for such communication and cat /dev/urandom hangs as it doesn't receive SIGPIPE signal or something ...

Hope this helps.

This doesn't guarantee 32 characters in the range [A-Za-z0-9], but the emphasis is on closing /dev/urandom instead of relying on SIGPIPE magic to terminate the process, which appears not working properly in the background, without a control terminal.

You can also do:

randomString=`head -80 /dev/urandom | md5sum | cut -c -12`

as in your second example. It is as random as /dev/urandom gives.


In what way are doc, info, man, help different?

Documentation

  wiki on documentation

In regard with Ubuntu, docs are located in /usr/share/*/doc. They can contain almost anything (html, txt, css ,png) the developers(or documentors) seem appropriate. Examples are licenses, tutorials, examples etc.
Info

  Wiki on Texinfo
  GNU textinfo page
  manpage for the info command

This command is invoked as

info utility/function/program

which will show the texinfo page for utility in info format.
Man

  Wiki on man page.
  manpage for the man command

It is invoked as

man utility/function/program

This one is similar to info, but it has sections(1 to 9) and shows some colourful information.Unlike info, many  options are available to man in order to give as much flexibility as possible to the user. Note that man may have less information than info.
Help

  Wiki on help

It displays information about builtin commands in bash.It is very short description of the function/command.More on help in help help


Manual method

How to verify if there's a new microcode update for your processor (Intel)

Go to the Intel drivers download center. Download the most recent microcode and then unpack the file, giving you a microcode.dat file.

make sure you have the package iucode-tool:

sudo apt-get install iucode-tool

Create temp folder:

mkdir /tmp/micro

"Unpack" this microcode.dat file to a temporary location:

iucode_tool -K/tmp/micro microcode.dat

You can now check if there's a more recent microcode file using:

modprobe cpuid && iucode_tool -tb -lS /tmp/micro

(or wherever you unpacked the microcodes to).

On my old Core 2 Duo the output is like this:

iucode_tool: system has processor(s) with signature 0x0001067a
selected microcodes:
001: sig 0x0001067a, pf mask 0xa0, 2010-09-28, rev 0x0a0b, size 8192
002: sig 0x0001067a, pf mask 0x11, 2010-09-28, rev 0x0a0b, size 8192
003: sig 0x0001067a, pf mask 0x44, 2010-09-28, rev 0x0a0b, size 8192

Compare this to the output of:

dmesg | grep "updated"

Sample output:

[    1.056012] microcode: CPU0 updated to revision 0xa0b, date = 2010-09-28
[    1.112010] microcode: CPU1 updated to revision 0xa0b, date = 2010-09-28

This shows that my system already uses the most recent microcode.

Method using a repository

Follow the instructions in this tutorial (note that you do not need to install synaptic)

Install the following packages:

sudo apt-get install microcode.ctl intel-microcode

Reboot your computer.
Now check whether the microcode has been loaded properly, with the following terminal command:

dmesg | grep microcode

If all is well you should see several reports about the applied microcode.


Change the language of an Ubuntu Touch app

Unfortunately there is currently no way to do this using gettext (the internationalization technology the Ubuntu SDK uses).

You might be able to do it using the native Qt internationalization framework.


How to bind a particular window to a hotkey on the fly

Simpler then you'd think...

Make sure both wmctrl and xdotool are installed

sudo apt install xdotool wmctrl

Create two shortcuts:

/bin/bash -c 'xdotool getactivewindow > /tmp/wraise'

to save the current window, and:

/bin/bash -c 'wmctrl -ia "$(cat /tmp/wraise)"'

to raise the window you set with the first one.

To set another window, just press the first shortcut again. Since the window's id is stored in /tmp, it will be automatically forgotten on restart.

That's all!


Samsung ML2545 printer on Ubuntu 18.04 - a brick?

if you go here https://support.hp.com/us-en/drivers/selfservice/samsung-ml-2545-laser-printer-series/19134776 you can see a link to download and SAVE the compressed ULD (unified linux driver) that Samsung provide for their devices; you can see HP host this now;

it comes down as uld_V1.00.39_01.17.tar.gz

so if you open a terminal;
copy each command below  and paste each command into the terminal;
hit ENTER after each paste

cd Downloads

tar -zxvf uld_V1.00.39_01.17.tar.gz

cd uld

sudo ./install.sh

and that should install the needed;


How to hide the whole Desktop with a permanent fullscreen image (above)?

If a system is really completely unattended, preventing a hacker from accessing your system is practically impossible (only think of simply restarting the system from an external medium).

Having said that, what you describe can be done with a background script, but it already exists in the form of... Lockscreen :)

Simply Press Ctrl+Alt+Delete, and click the lock symbol.

The solution assumes you set a password to your account (can be done with a "normal" user account).


What is that? Has it been installed by some package? How to find out
  which?

gij is a Java bytecode interpreter included with libgcj package. libgcj is the runtime that goes along with the gcj front end to GCC and includes parts of the Java Class Libraries, plus glue to connect the libraries to the compiler and the underlying OS. So, not a malware definitely.

References:

The libgcj home page

SE question


how to load software shop faster on a category

You can install applications by using terminal by using command sudo apt install (software name)and its way to faster than that , just google about the required software and find its command to install it. There are other software stores but I don't want to use them.
Alternatively, you can use the synaptic package manager. It is not as colorful as the Snap Store, but it is very fast. Enter this command in a terminal to install it.
sudo apt install synaptic


Mono vs .NET mscorlib.dll | "method not found"

The solution was sort of simple.
The mistakes were:
I had mscoree.dll overwritten in winecfg when installing the .NET Frameworks. Also, I had Mono installed on the Wine prefix during the installation of the Frameworks.
Conclusion
Not doing these things a second time around resulted in the application working. I also needed to launch it using the wineconsole, if that's worth mentioning (it was a console application after all).


What are some light weight graphics tablet drawers on Ubuntu?

StylusLabs Write seems like exactly what you are looking for.  http://www.styluslabs.com/download/


nagios check_ping: Invalid hostname/address

Are you sure check_ping is what you're suppose to use?  The check_ping command just validates the availability of a system via an ICMP ping packet.  See  this page for details on it's usage: http://nagiosplugins.org/man/check_ping

Instead, I believe you'll need to use the check_http command to verify the web server is responding.  Here is a link to it's usage: http://nagiosplugins.org/man/check_http

From the recently added config file, you have this:

define host{
        use                     linux-server
        host_name               example.com/ui/html
        alias                   example.com/ui/html
        address                 www.example.com/ui/html/
        }

The address and host_name lines are incorrect.

The host_name should be www.example.com, assuming that's the system name you're hoping to monitor.
The address should be the IP address of the same machine, not the name and portion of the URL.

Both of those notes are based on the information in http://nagios.manubulon.com/traduction/docs25en/macros.html


How to get the procedural interface back?

You can easily write a wrapper, then continue using your old functions.
Example:

<?php

class MyDB extends SQLite3
{
  function __construct($filename)
  {
    $this->open($filename);
  }
}

if (!is_defined('sqlite3_open')) {
  function sqlite3_open($filename, $mode = 0666, &$error_message)
  {
    $db = new MyDB($filename);
  }
}


How to make some commands run as root on startup?

One way you can try it is by adding your commands to the /etc/crontab file with the @reboot command.

If you run the following command it will load up the file in an editor so you can add the line(s)

sudoedit /etc/crontab

Then how I did it was like so:

# m h dom mon dow user  command
17 *    * * *   root    cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly
25 6    * * *   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --repo$
47 6    * * 7   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --repo$
52 6    1 * *   root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --repo$
@reboot         root    /home/terrance/cb_update.bsh
05 1    * * *   root    /home/terrance/cb_update.bsh
#

As you can see my second to last line starts every time the system restarts @reboot then as the root user with my command of /home/terrance/cb_update.bsh.  The last line starts at 01:05 in the morning everyday running that script as the root user.

Hope this helps!


The default behavior is to print the filename when given multiple file arguments - to suppress this, you can add the -h or --no-filename option

From the Output Line Prefix Control section of the grep manual page:

   -h, --no-filename
          Suppress the prefixing of file names on  output.   This  is  the
          default  when there is only one file (or only standard input) to
          search.


Will mounting /tmp with noexec and nosuid cause problems?

I use the entry
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,noexec,nosuid 0 0
in my fstab.

Two problems can occur: during apt-get upgrade the updates cannot be installed.
I solved the problem by creating a file /etc/apt/apt.conf with the following lines in it:

DPkg::Pre-Invoke{"mount -o remount,exec /tmp";};
DPkg::Post-Invoke {"mount -o remount,defaults,noexec,nosuid /tmp";};

This way apt will remount /tmp with exec temporarily, to be able to execute the updates.

Another issue I realised that when I needed to run manually update-initramfs -u, it didn't run until I remounted /tmp with exec again:

mount -o remount,exec /tmp

when it finished I remounted the default setting again...

mount -o remount,defaults,noexec,nosuid /tmp


no access to encrypted partition after failed distro upgrade

See this one
How do I recover my data from an encrypted home directory?


How to create and transfer files from desktop to remote server?

I would suggest you compress that folder into a tar archive and then use the rsync command to transfer that file like this:

rsync /path/to/local/file.tar  username@remote.server.com:folder


Connection to host xxx.xxx.xxx.xx was closed Ubuntu 11.10 to Mac

If you can ssh to the mac, you should tunnel the VNC connection over ssh. Check the box in vinagre that says:

Use host (blank) as a SSH tunnel

and fill in the blank with the hostname for the mac.


Why does nsca-ng-server require icinga on nagios server?

Answering my own question: I installed without the icinga dependencies:

apt install nsca-ng-server icinga-common- icinga-core-

This works fine. It looks like this line in the configuration file

command_file= "/var/lib/icinga/rw/icinga.cmd"

Is the reason to depend on icinga. That directory will not exist without icinga. Replacing this line with

command_file= "/var/lib/nagios3/rw/nagios.cmd"

works just fine for me. In my opinion it is a bit lazy of the package maintainers to just pull in icinga as a dependency. But that's off topic.


Please try the below command,

sudo apt-get clean

sudo apt-get update

Then use this command to install,

sudo apt-get upgrade


How can I set up my laptop to boot linux (not live) from USB and use the HDD only for encrypted storage?

I believe as long as your installer sees the USB media you want to install to it should work just like an internal HDD. You might want to format it ahead of time and give it a name,to make sure you are installing to the right place. I have heard that USB flash drives are not as robust as actual HDDs, and speed will still be an issue,even with USB 3. Your read/write cycles are also a consideration. Good luck.


How to install Ubuntu straight to HDD with Unetbootin?

The main purpose of Unetbootin is to create an installation media.
But it does not create the Ubuntu installation media properly anymore.
Use Ubuntu Disks tool (gnome-disk-utility) to create the media instead.

Open Disks - select Restore Disk Image from the menu on the top right.
Choose the ISO file and the USB drive to write it to and start restoring.

When you have to create the media from within Windows :
Open command prompt as administrator and execute:

diskpart
list disk
select disk *
clean
create partition primary
active
format fs=fat32 quick
assign letter=**

Note : * = number of USB drive | ** = select a free drive letter

Mount the ISO file and copy the content to the USB drive.

Boot from the USB drive and start to install Ubuntu.


To be able to read/write anywhere in the file system, you need to be granted permission or you need to be owner. The easiest way to obtain user permissions on an entire connected partition is to change the owner of the mount point of the partition, as:

sudo chown $USER:$USER <mountpoint>

You can type $USER as is if you are granting permission to yourself: $USER is automatically replaced by the current user that issues the command.

Replace  by the full pathname of the flder where the partition is mounted. You can see this folder as the second entry in the line of your drive, in the output of the command mount or in the output of the command lsblk.


Cannot change keyboard repeat/delay in Lubuntu 13.04

I could not get the GUI to work, but the settings are located in .config/lxsession/Lubuntu/desktop.conf.  Updating the Delay=200 and Interval=30 in the [Keyboard] section change the behaviour of the system.  This also updates the values displayed the settings window mentioned in the question, so it seems that there is some issue updating this file from the settings window.

There is a bug here:  https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/lxinput/+bug/989430


Very quiet and buzzy sound in headphones on Ubuntu 16.04

I don't know what that was but simple "Suspend" helped me :)


For Fuzzy GUI Editor we need to download this Toolbox.

You can download it from here. And then extract it some where like ~/flt/.

And then we need to load this Toolbox on Scilab, as below :

Open Scilab
Type below command in Scilab command line and hit Enter  to load Fuzzy Logic Toolbox :

exec("~/flt/loader.sce");

Finally you can use below command to use Fuzzy GUI Editor:

editfls


Need help partitioning a hard disk on a fresh install of ubuntu server

You don't even need Gparted to do this though if you want to, use Gparted to format the entire 80GB to ext4.

During Ubuntu Server installation you are going to get the options for how to partition your hard drive. Select Manual Partitioning

Then do the following

/ - 10 GB (mark as bootable)

swap - 4GB (or 8GB)

/home - 66GB

Ubuntu server will be installed in / as well as the grubloader.

Quick read on swap

/home is the partition for all the media and stuff.

EDIT:
@dougaroo has noted that this solution does not work for an existing installation. OP has noted that he has looked at a few tutorials. Here is one tutorial. After looking around, I found that it seems to be way easier to redo the installation if you want to create a separate /home partition. In the case that you cannot reinstall, the phrase you want to be googling for is

separate /home partition after ubuntu installation


Insert this symbol ^ to run below command

The symbol ^ is called caret, it's on the same key as numeric 6 on the keyboard.

You need Shift+6 to type ^.

On Regex notation (as you are using egrep), ^ is a token that matches start of a line.

You command:

stat -c "%u %g" /boot/grub/grub.cfg | egrep "^0 0"

is necessarily checking if the file /boot/grub/grub.cfg is owned by root:root.

%u and %g formats with -c option of stat prints the owner user and group of a file, /boot/grub/grub.cfg in this case.


Sniffing through the source code and modifying lines of code related to GPS and other stuff and then re compiling the distro. I am pretty sure that there are some closed source drivers in use anyway, so I don't really see the point.

http://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/new-ubuntu-phone-won-t-truly-be-open-source-article/1574

Chances are, someone or something is watching unless you use a cardboard phone.


Did the upgrade leave dependency problems?

If there is no problem after starting sudo apt-get update -f all is fine. You have no dependency problems.

During the upgrade, a dependency has been removed. This problem has been removed by the further process again. This is a completely normal process. Sometimes something needs to be removed forcefully to perform an upgrade.


Libreoffice Writer cannot open a file. "General error. General input/output error"

Try opening it with another Word processing application:

  Abiword

  Calligra Words


How can I install ebaysdk-python library?

You can install the library directly by pulling it from GitHub

git clone https://github.com/timotheus/ebaysdk-python/

Then go into the folder and install it by typing

cd ebaysdk-python && python ./setup.py install


How do I fix apt-add-repository "no such option: --allow-unauthenticated"?

You may use the option --allow-unauthenticated with the commands apt or apt-get but not with the command add-apt-repository.

Please take a look at https://wiki.winehq.org/Ubuntu where it is very well explained how to add the desired repository.

  If you have previously installed a Wine package from another repository, please remove it and any packages that depend on it (e.g., wine-mono, wine-gecko, winetricks) before attempting to install the WineHQ packages, as they may cause dependency conflicts.

If your system is 64 bit, enable 32 bit architecture (if you haven't already):

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

Then run the following commands:

wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key
sudo apt-key add Release.key
sudo apt-add-repository https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/

Now you need to update the cache with

sudo apt update

And finally install with

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends winehq-stable


From a terminal window, type whereis vlc and it will tell you where it's installed.

On my machine, I get this:

vlc: /usr/bin/vlc /etc/vlc /usr/lib/vlc /usr/bin/X11/vlc /usr/share/vlc /usr/share/man/man1/vlc.1.gz

Most programs are stored in /usr/bin and I'm sure there's a way to move them but I've never had a reason to.


How to clear bad sectors in hard disk using ubuntu

Well you have a lot of bad sectors.  My advise is to replace the drive.  But if you still want to mark those bad sectors, then you can use fsck.  fsck is used to check and optionally repair one or more Linux file systems.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo fsck /dev/sd*  (replace * with your device ID)

Note:  When dealing with any hard drive issue please make sure that you have a current backup of all you information.

The "fsck" command stands for "file system check"; it scans the disk for bad sectors and labels the ones that aren't working.

If you want to zero out the drive, just follow Piskvor's answer.


Find the power supply hardware information for a PC using Ubuntu's command-line

To find the power supply information, use following command:

sudo dmidecode --type 39

The below command outputs a lot status and statistical information about the battery. The /org/... path can be found with the command upower -e (--enumerate).

upower -i /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/battery_BAT0

The one I use mostly is this one :

sudo apt-get install lm-sensors
sudo sensors-detect

Choose YES to all.

sudo service kmod start

Use :

sensors

or

watch sensors


Toshiba Satellite P55-A: Cant boot from usb

For anyone who has had this same issue the answer was to go into the BIOS and:

Disable "Fast Boot"
Disable "Secure Boot"
Switch to CSM boot mode (under advanced)
Enable USB Legacy Mode

Posted from ubuntu 14


When running PhotoRec on a partition we can set the option which files to detect in the bottom menu at the time we selected the partition to search:

[Search] [Options] [File Opt] [Quit]

Select [File Opt] for a list of recognized formats. All file types marked will then be  recovered if possible. By default it will scan for all possible file types.

Also see PhotoRec Step by Step.


After installing a new copy of Ubuntu 18.04 you need to install duplicity before the files can be restored. Use this command:

sudo apt install duplicity

Disclaimer: I don't use duplicity myself.


Pre-requisites

First, install the necessary packages:

sudo apt-get install mtp-tools mtpfs

A bit of elbow grease

Connect your Android phone to your computer. On your phone, open up the notification drawer, and click on USB Connection type. Make sure that MTP is selected.

Now, run these commands on Ubuntu:

mtp-detect | grep idVendor
mtp-detect | grep idProduct

Note down the numbers written in front of idVendor and idProduct. You'll need those later on.

Now, run this command:

gksu gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules

A Gedit window should open up. Type this text in it, all in a single line:

SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="VENDORID", ATTR{idProduct}=="PRODUCTID", MODE="0666"

Replace VENDORID with the idVendor you had noted down earlier. Similarly, replace PRODUCTID with the idProduct you had noted down.

Save and close the file.

Disconnect your phone and run these commands:

sudo service udev restart
sudo mkdir /media/androiddevice
sudo chmod a+rwx /media/androiddevice
sudo adduser yourusername fuse

Replace yourusername with your Ubuntu user name. Now, run this command:

gksu gedit /etc/fuse.conf

In the Gedit window, remove the # at the beginning of the last line (the one that begins with #user_allow_other). Close and save the file.

Restart your computer, and then run these three commands:

echo "alias android-connect=\"mtpfs -o allow_other /media/androiddevice\"" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "alias android-disconnect=\"fusermount -u /media/androiddevice\"" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

Reconnect your phone, make sure it's still in MTP mode, and then run this command:

android-connect

Ta-dam!

You may now browse your Android phone's contents using Nautilus. Just fire up the file manager, and then in the side bar click on your phone's name to browse your phone's filesystem just like you would with a USB stick. You can add, remove and modify files just like a normal file system.

You might have noticed, however, that you cannot use the Nautilus eject icon to disconnect the phone. Instead, to safely remove the phone, you need to run the command:

android-disconnect

From now on, you will need to run android-connect to mount your phone and then android-disconnect to safely remove your phone. Everything else should be handled automatically.

  Note: These two commands won't require root permissions to run. All users who are members of the fuse user group should be able to run these commands without root access.

You're done

That's it! You've successfully connected your Ice Cream Sandwich phone to your Ubuntu computer.

Source: OMG! Ubuntu!


Login loop after setting to unsopported resolution with randr -s

it happend to me too when i started using ubuntu
restart your computer
on login screen  press ctrl+alt+f3
enter your user name and password there
now enter the xrandr command to set the display size you want


How to solve "A" key working intermittently in 16.04

1) Carefully and gently examine under the "a" key to look for a foreign object. If found, remove with tweezers.

2) Does an external USB attached keyboard work OK? If so, it's your laptop keyboard.

3) Pages 31-32 of the  hardware manual introduces you to working on a Lenovo laptop, and pages 65-70 lists all the different keyboard models available for all the different languages. Unless you are adept at electronics repair, the manual advises against repairing it yourself: "Do not attempt to replace an FRU on your own.... Only qualified technicians can inspect or repair this product."


Ubuntu advantage, Certified Windows drivers for KVM guests

You should be able to find them at https://www.linux-kvm.org/page/WindowsGuestDrivers/Download_Drivers the top part goes to the Windows drivers and at the bottom takes you to how you can sign the drivers yourself.  You can ignore the RedHat / Fedora part.


How do I display RAM usage in top bar (gnome shell)?

Use the System Monitor Extension or Multiload.

Multiload is installed by

sudo apt install indicator-multiload

Launch the System Load Indicator app, select Preferences, then Indicator Items, and put Memory at the top.

System Monitor Extension requires this installation first:

sudo apt-get install gir1.2-gtop-2.0, gir1.2-networkmanager-1.0 gir1.2-clutter-1.0 gir1.2-clutter-gst-3.0 gir1.2-gtkclutter-1.0 chrome-gnome-shell

Once those dependencies are satisfied, install the extension and set your preference to show memory used, as shown here.


Finally had some luck by doing the weirdest thing. Leaving pavucontrol up.

That's right - I just don't close it. As long as I select one of the two Digital Surround 5.1 profile options (one includes Analog input) under the built-in audio section under the configuration tab of pavucontrol then DON'T CLOSE that app, I get working 5.1 audio in all other programs. If I close it, I go back to wonky issues including my receiver freaking out trying to decode whatever my computer is outputting and not knowing what to do.

This doesn't feel much like an answer, so if someone can shed some light on what might be going on here I'd appreciate it.


bully can't work on mon0 on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

Do this:

sudo gedit /etc/default/ifplugd

Then put this line in the file:

HOTPLUG_INTERFACES=""

Save it and you are good to go!

That's it, problem was: your device is busy.
Found in http://blog.flowl.info/2014/wlan-problem-device-resource-busy-solution/


After restart, how can I ssh into my system?

By default, connection to network go up when the user login. So, if you have not configured your machine to login automatically, your network connection is down.

The solution is to set the connection as a "system connection" in network manager: in this way the connection go up when the machine boot up, and do not wait for a user to login.


How to run both Intel and Nvidia graphics card driver on dual monitor setup?

It is possible since 2013 using graphics offloading (see http://us.download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86/319.12/README/randr14.html)

The following uses the free drivers (nouveau) and won't work using nvidia's proprietary ones.

I've been using this for a few months and it works well enough for me. Here's my setup :

 __nvidia__ __intel___ __nvidia__
|          |          |          |
|  DVI-I-1 |   VGA-1  |  DVI-D-1 |
|__________|__________|__________|

Here's what you should use if you're running off an nvidia card and would like to output a third screen via the embeded graphics (intel) :

Xorg.conf

# Discrete Card as Primary GPU

Section "ServerLayout"
    Identifier "layout"
    Screen 0 "nouveau"
    Inactive "intel"
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "nouveau"
    Driver      "nouveau"
    BusID       "PCI:1:0:0" # see man lspci
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier "nouveau"
    Device "nouveau"
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "intel"
    Driver      "modesetting"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier "intel"
    Device "intel"
EndSection

Now add this to your session manager startup script :

xrandr --setprovideroutputsource modesetting nouveau
xrandr --output VGA-1 --mode 1920x1080
sleep 1s
xrandr --output VGA-1 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1920x0 --rotate normal --output DVI-D-1 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 3840x0 --output DVI-I-1 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 0x0

Those pastes come from my own config and should be tweaked to fit your own use case. The full documentation is available here : http://us.download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86/319.12/README/randr14.html

In this configuration, the nvidia GPU does all the rendering work. The Intel iGPU simply displays whatever the main GPU sends to it.
Please note that the nvidia GPU is totally unaware of the state of the iGPU when it sends frames to display. That means there may be a fair amount of tearing (horizontally AND diagonaly !). For those who may wanna tru it, you can't use the "TearFree" option in your Xorg.conf.


Moving all files of a certain type or extension

I'm not really sure you want to move many files from many directories but here's the basic command for finding files of multiple extensions in one directory structure:

find /path/to/look/ -type f \( -iname \*.mp3 -o -iname \*.avi -o -iname \*.mp4 \)

You'll obviously want to tack more -o -iname ... onto that until you're sure you're finding all the files you want. When you've got everything, just add this to the end:

-exec mv -t /path/to/destination {} +

And that'll move them all into the specified directory.

A Bashier way of doing this would be using a few globbing modifiers (globstar to recursive search with **, nullglob to only return valid files and nocaseglob to ignore case) and then just passing them off to mv in a simple for loop:

shopt -s globstar nullglob nocaseglob
for f in /path/to/look/{**/,}*.{mp3,avi,mp4}; do
  mv "$f" /path/to/destination/
done


One possible solution is to open the pdf file with PDFedit, then save the file as text file.

If you want to install the PDFedit just type in a terminal the following.

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install pdfedit

You can then import the text file into OpenOffice.org (or LibreOffice) Calc etc and save the resulting spreadsheet in the desired format (eg. ods, xls etc).

To import the text file into Calc, open the Text Import dialog box via the Insert, Sheet from File menu. Then choose either "Fixed width" or the "Separated by" options as appropriate for your data. Note that if you use the "Fixed width" option you can set each column width via the "Fields" preview of the box.


No sound on laptop speakers in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

Issue resolved.
Had a loose cable inside of the case that connected to speakers - probably from an unrelated repair I did just before installing Ubuntu.

Sound was working in Windows before said repair, then carried out this repair (forgot to reconnect a cable), then installed Ubuntu immediately afterwards. This made it appear (falsely) as though the issue was somehow related to the newly-installed OS when it was actually hardware-based. Rookie mistake. Thanks to those who tried helping.


Extracting latest googleAppEngine with curl + awk

This script extract all entries of featured/google_appengine in alphabetical order:

curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/appengine-sdks/ | awk  -F "featured/google_appengine_" '{ for (i = 2; i <= NF; i++) print $i }' | awk -F "<" '{print echo "featured/google_appengine_"$1}' | sort

E.G.:

featured/google_appengine_1.9.18.zip
featured/google_appengine_1.9.19.zip

If you need the newest version than use this:

curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/appengine-sdks/ | awk  -F "featured/google_appengine_" '{ for (i = 2; i <= NF; i++) print $i }' | awk -F "<" '{print echo "featured/google_appengine_"$1}' | sort | tail -1

E.G.:

featured/google_appengine_1.9.19.zip


I stumbled on the solution from a friend who had a similar issue on an old Dell inspiron.
The E540, and probably similar Thinkpad models, automatically turns off the wireless card when an ethernet cable/ usb modem is connected before boot. This functionality is fine for Windows where Fn + F8 actually toggles the hard block, but on linux it requires a restart with any LAN connections removed.
So the solution for now is to only connect my 3G modem after boot.
Update:
If anyone knows how to toggle hard blocked network connections in linux, please to add an answer, this is really just an interim solution that doesn't fix the underlying issue.


Install the gvfs-backends package. You can install it with the command sudo apt install gvfs-backends


Equivalent of real-time disk usage feature of "Task Manager" for Windows?

The reason to check my disk usage is to check if the hard disk is okey
  or not, because my laptop is extremely slow. I guess there could be
  some damage on hard disk.

If you worry about your disk, check the SMART status. gsmartcontrol is a nice GUI for this. Install it using sudo apt install gsmartcontrol.

After starting it, you'll get a list of smart parameters for your drive:

As you can see, some indicators are termed pre-failure, others old age. The values generally progress from 100 to 1, with 100 being brand new, and 1 is worn out. The raw value may be meaningless, or provice some information, but the most interesting is the 'Norm-ed value' and 'Failed' column, which is likely to give you a pre-failure indicator of the drive, as well as some information on for instance wear (if it's an SSD).

If a disk is so damaged that it is noticeably slow, I think you'd see some uncorrectable read errors in there, which is a good indicator for a spinning disk.


Windows 8.1 dual boot with Ubuntu doesnt find Windows 8.1 partion

Sometimes it fails to detect the other OS
You could go for manual partition by clicking on the "something else"option available
From there you can see a list of drives.Where you need to select a freespace or the drive you may want to install your ubuntu.

In the avalibale freespace you could add a swap drive by add button where you can select it as "swap".

Now using the add button by clicking on the freespace available and give the option "ext4" in the use it as option

Set the mount point to /

Now you could select the ext4 drive which you added now and click on the Install option available.


Log Files - difference between using sudo or not

The sudo lets you access whether it be to read (as in your case) or to write to folders and files irrespective of the ownership status or permission status of those folders or files.

In this case of the /var/log folder these files usually don't need you to be the root user to read from them hence log files are accessible for most users at least the read part. But we have certain processes that will produce log entries that only the system user (that created those log) or the root user can read from such files, examples include auth.log, mail.log, php7.2-fpm.log etc. These I have picked from my own /var/log folder.

Run the command ls -l /var/log to see those files and the permissions that are associated with them, including their ownerships. From there you can decern when you will need to use sudo and when you will not.


Instructions were taken from here: https://github.com/nodesource/distributions

wget -qO- https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_4.x | sudo bash -

and then:

sudo apt-get install nodejs

Here is the system versions:

ubuntu@424c7702-0947-e7c7-c532-dfec484fc109:~$ lsb_release -r
Release:    15.04
ubuntu@424c7702-0947-e7c7-c532-dfec484fc109:~$ node -v
v4.0.0
ubuntu@424c7702-0947-e7c7-c532-dfec484fc109:~$ npm -v
2.14.2


Boot my Ubuntu external drive on every computer

In my experience, you cannot start a Mac from the external built on PC hardware. However, you can generally launch the portable drive with PCs that have similar hardware. Mac is not similar enough in my experience.

Also, external set up on a Bios system will fail to start on a UEFI system. And vice versa.

Within those limits, this can work.  I have done this! install the OS on the external, and make sure you install all of the video driver packages you have available. Also may need ether net drivers. If your system does boot on new systems, it is possible that X11 will find drivers and use them. If you do not create/fiddle with xorg.conf, that is what is supposed to happen.

You say you need Nvidia on one machine. OK! Install it, make it run. The impact of that is to create a file /etc/X11/xorg.conf. Tha file is now 'in the way' when you go to another computer. You need to move it, either before powering down or when you start again. You could log out, then use Alt-Ctl-F1, move the xorg.conf file somewhere else, then shutdown.

When you go to a pc that does not have Nvidia, system might start but GUI might fail to show anything in xorg.conf file is there. Don't panic. There is always a virtual terminal! Alt-Ctl-F1 will give traditional login. It does not need gui. Log in, use that terminal to move the xorg.conf file out of the way. To get a quick look at situation, you can run X11 in old fashioned way. Then you can test display by typing

startx

If that shows, then it is probably a solved problem. I would Log out of the X11 session, then restart system or force a restart of X11 only and the display manager.

From the VT, I restart with

sudo /sbin/shutdown -r now

Theoretically, restart not required. Possible instead restart just the video greeter piece.  I did not do this in a while, but probably you have either Gnome Display Manager or Light Display Manager. GDM gives a script named "gdm-restart". Seems sure to me LDM must have way to do thus too. But it is probably easier to restart. I will do some checking on restarting DM.


Can't log into ubuntu 13.10 with correct password

There might be some problem with .Xauthority file.
You can try following.

Login as root (CTRL+ALT+F1)
chown youruser:youruser .Xauthority
chmod a+x .Xauthority


Error on booting ubuntu After installation on HP laptop - System BootOrder not found LoadImage failed: Not Found

Turn off fastboot!! Windows10 that should work, or check your boot medium has ll the required files/folders, how did you weite the iso?


Try this hack:

wmctrl -lp | grep $(xprop -root | grep _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW | head -1 | \
    awk '{print $5}' | sed 's/,//' | sed 's/^0x/0x0/')

For example:

$ wmctrl -lp | grep $(xprop -root | grep _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW | head -1 | \
>     awk '{print $5}' | sed 's/,//' | sed 's/^0x/0x0/')

0x07600006  0 19051  maythuxPC Gnome Terminal

0x07600006 is the hex of active window which is the terminal in my case.

To be sure let's get it in decimal:

$ xdotool getactivewindow
123731974

Now convert from decimal to hex:

$ printf 0x%x 123731974
0x7600006

It's the same.


How do I get the 12.04 login screen to turn off screen after timeout?

This behavior has now gone in Precise after an upgrade (I admit, I experienced that problem too). I suggest you to upgrade your machines. May be that was a bug

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade


No need to install. Download the tar.gz file from Tor website; extract and run the file start-tor-browser.

You may also want to make a .desktop file for it to easily start it from Dash or lock to Launcher. To do this, make a new text file and paste the following lines:

[Desktop Entry]
Version=2.0
Name=Tor Bundle
Comment=Tor browser proxy
Exec=/path/to/file/start-tor-browser
Icon=tor-browser
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Network;
X-Unity-IconBackgroundColor=#855e9d

Save the file as tor.desktop and move it to ~/.local/share/applications (make one if it doesn't exist). Then go to file Properties and under Permissions tab, check Allow executing file as program.

Also you want an icon for it. You can save the following picture as tor-browser to the folder ~/.icons – note the name is the same as what inserted for Icon= in the .desktop file.

To know more about .desktop files, see the documentations.


Since what you describe can be done by having the different sets of applications in different Workspaces, the problem is now reduced to having 2 different workspaces on 2 different screens.

That is, have

  Google Chrome, Eclipse, PyCharm

in one workspace and,

  Terminator, VisualVM

in another workspace.

Now, have the workspaces in different screens.

This seems to have been answered here.

Quoting the answer from the above link,

  If I understand the question correctly, you would like to be able to switch workspaces independently for each screen, so that for example the left screen could be on workspace 1 and the right screen on workspace 3. This is supported by some window managers, most notably XMonad, and I personally find it extremely convenient in a dual-head setup. Moreover, it's perfectly possible to integrate XMonad with GNOME without sacrificing usability.

Another useful comment from the above link,

  I can testify that i3 supports it, and I believe awesome does as well.

Credits :This is taken from this link.
The quoted answer is by Adam ByrtekThe quoted comment is by Gordon Gustafson


Linking libudev broke desktop and internet

OK! I just found solution.
First remove the link:
sudo rm /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libudev.so.1 (or it was 0 in the end...)
Than this command:
sudo ln -sf /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libudev.so.1.6.5 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libudev.so.1

So now my system's working again :)


How do I get past the "Finish partitioning and write changes to disk" during automated UEFI install?

This is old, but I had an issue similar to this and adding this to ks.preseed solved it for me:

d-i partman-partitioning/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i partman/choose_partition select finish
d-i partman/confirm boolean true
d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true

This is the relevant txt.cfg section for reference:

default install
label install
  menu label ^Install Ubuntu Server
  kernel /install/vmlinuz
  append file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed initrd=/install/initrd.gz ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg preseed/file=/cdrom/ks.preseed ---


I cannot search/find any applications in the Dash on 12.04

I'll check that when I get home, they are all here on my laptop and thus it works on my laptop (at work for a bit) but if they are missing in the folder when I get home, what can I do to fix it? Would the 12.10 upgrade "reset" those and make it work? My desktop machine is upgrading while I am here.


I have done some research and have some suggestions regarding to your problem.

If you just install new hardware such as ram, network card or hard disk on your computer, try remove them and restart your computer.
Enter bios and please make sure your hard disk is selected as the primary boot. To enter bios, you need to press delete key the moment you boot up your computer(Based on your motherboard). You can find it on youtube on how to access the bios.
Try clearing your CMOS memory by removing the CMOS battery in your pc for 10 seconds and put it back. Then restart your computer

I hope this will help


Not having any problems here

I am using the xorg-edgers fresh X crack ppa as found here

Performance within 13.04 has been very good


Intel HD Graphics Works on Unity, but no in Gnome shell

This could have to do with Compiz, it could also have to do with your graphics drivers, but I'm not sure which or if there's more that I'm missing.

Check compiz to make sure that the state is the same in both Unity and Gnome, and check to see which graphics drivers are in use.

I may be missing other variables at play here.

Edit: I just remembered that Starcraft doesn't run natively on *nix so you must be using wine -- check the wine settings for any differences when you run in Gnome compared to Unity.


Post installation script for ucsf-chimerax-daily returns Python errors

This is a bug in the UCSF ChimeraX distribution.  Please report bugs with UCSF ChimeraX to chimerax-bugs@cgl.ucsf.edu so they can be fixed for all users.  Luckily, we saw this, so it has been fixed.  Please try the next daily release (2018-10-17).


Install/running ubuntu on external HDD with a Windows laptop?

Yes, you need to install Ubuntu on the external drive. After that when you computer is booting, hit F8 or whatever gets you to the boot menu. If your laptop does not have a quick boot menu, than you can hit Delete to enter the bios setup. Change the boot order so the external is on the top of the list. There will also be CDROM and others. This menu tells the bios which device to try to boot first. I.e. If CDROM is at the top or has first priority than it will be checked first. If no boot media is found I.e No cd is in the drive, than the bios will check the second option on the list for some boot media. Note: Most computers have a quick boot menu by pressing a key in the bios start up (Usually F8). You will see the External in that menu by its' manufacturers name.


Artificially increase maximum screen brightness

Run this to see a list of your outputs. You're looking for the one that is "connected":

xrandr --current

Here's a screenshot of my list. The output I want is the "connected" eDP1 at the top:

Now you can run these commands to make adjustments. Replace eDP1 with the name of your output, and change 1.2 to make the adjustments:

xrandr --output eDP1 --brightness 1.2
# Note: 1 is default

You can also use gamma instead of brightness:

xrandr --output <outputname> --gamma 0.5:1.0:1.0
# Note: 1.0:1.0:1.0 is default


I would start with increasing the loglevel to Verbose.
Open the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file and change LogLevel from INFO to DEBUG

If you still need to recompile ssh then make sure to both have DEBUG log level on server side and use "ssh -v" to connect to get more details on why the connection is closed.

sshd_config Documentation for LogLevel


How can I view and edit PowerPoint presentations that don't render correctly?

Actually, it may be font issues. Because of Microsoft's fonts are not included in the Linux OS, system substitute with specific fonts.

But these font may not be in same grid size or font attributes.

Try to install Microsoft fonts with following commands in your terminal.

wget http://httpredir.debian.org/debian/pool/contrib/m/msttcorefonts/ttf-mscorefonts-installer_3.6_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i ttf-mscorefonts-installer_3.6_all.deb

Check your documents again. And you should also check fonts such as Arial, Calibri, etc. in font list.


Software from third parties are only updated when a new release comes out, so if the newest version of the application was released and had time to be tested before ubuntu's freeze on adding new software it could have been included in 14.04.

To answer your question the soonest it will become available in the repositories will be at the next release of ubuntu if ubuntu still chooses to include it in the repositories, so if you must have the latest you will need to get it from the third party developer, but it is best that it is in an trusted ppa or .deb package.

If the application is in a ppa you can add it so it can be installed with software center.

If you can download it in a .deb package you just need to double click on it to install it with software center.

It looks like it is available on there site in source code format though.


How to do partial sync in grive (grive2)

Also interested & accidentally found a workaround, steps:

install grive2
authenticate and start full sync by grive -a in the ~/grive folder
wait till files in Google Drive root folder will be downloaded and break it when syncing first subfolder
create new subfolder such as ~/grive/myfiles and put some files here
start single folder sync by grive -s ~/grive/myfiles
repeat step 5 when you want to sync changes in myfiles folder

HTH


Splitting channels of one recording application to capture from two monitor sources in pulseaudio

The answer turned out very simple, and my comment about exposing two "pulses" to mixxx was the clue.

Assuming you're using ALSA, in ~/.asoundrc add the following section at the end

pcm.pulse2 {
  type pulse
}

and start mixxx.

When choosing input (or output) devices in mixxx, you'll see "pulse" and "pulse2" and you can assign these to different inputs (e.g. aux1 and mic1).  You can then set up the sources for these two inputs separately in pavucontrol.


Hi have you tried installing it manually I usually install Netbeans on my different work stations manually to take advantage of the latest releases.

Versions available
Release notes
Install instructions

I have also include a link to a video below that I used although it's a bit old it's still very good.

Video


Yes, it's safe to remove. It's a "metapackage":

  One of the handy features of apt (the packaging system used by Ubuntu)
  is the use of metapackages. These packages do not contain actual
  software, they simply depend on other packages to be installed. This
  setup allows entire sets of software to be installed by selecting only
  the appropriate metapackage. For example, an Ubuntu user can install
  the Kubuntu environment (KDE and all its associated programs) by
  selecting "kubuntu-desktop."

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MetaPackages

Because one or more of the packages you are uninstalling are a dependency of the lubuntu-desktop package, it will need to be removed as well. But removing the lubuntu-desktop package itself won't break anything since it doesn't contain any actual software.

You can see more information about the package (such as which packages it depends on) by running this command in a terminal:

apt-cache show lubuntu-desktop


Keyboard properties: What does "Add default action to Menu key" mean?

In English it says, "Add the standard behavior to Menu Key. The Menu key is found on the bottom right of most Windows-based laptops, and pulls up the system menu for each application and the desktop. It's usually between the right Alt and Control keys. All that option does is the Menu key to activate the system menu popup, if Ubuntu does not currently have it assigned as such.

I don't know why it's not documented. But now it is!


Stuck at "Started GNOME Display Manager" on 18.10

You may have a problem with an older computer, with an older GPU. Try this...

boot to recovery mode
choose root access

type:

sudo mount -o remount,rw /      # to remount the disk r/w

sudo pico /etc/gdm3/custom.conf # edit this file

change:

#WaylandEnable=false

to:

WaylandEnable=false

Then reboot.


Jmol requires Java 1.4+, so make sure you have an Java Runtime.

sudo apt-get install default-jre

Now we need to extract the Jmol archive you downloaded.

The instructions are, (go to the folder you downloaded):

tar -xvzf Jmol-12.1.16-full.tar.gz
cd jmol-12.1.16/
chmod +x
./jmol.sh

To make it easier (make a shortcut) and put the location of the jmol.sh
 file.


This is fairly common.  Do you have a UEFI bios or something newer?  If so, you will want to look at the ubuntu official guild on UEFI bios installs.  You may need to boot it from the live DVD and do a repair of the boot section.  Here is the guide:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI


I want to use GRUB as my MBR instead of Windows MBR....HOW?

Assuming you want to use GRUB as default bootloader, you can achieve this by reinstalling GRUB.
You can use the GParted tool (available in ubuntu install media) to identify disks and partitions.

If ubuntu is installed in EFI mode, boot from ubuntu install media, open a terminal and execute:
(Maybe you have to change the boot order in BIOS / UEFI setup menu afterwards nevertheless.)

sudo mount /dev/sd*** /mnt
sudo mount /dev/sd** /mnt/boot/efi
for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i;
done
sudo chroot /mnt
grub-install /dev/sd*
update-grub

Note : *= disk | ** = efi partition | *** = system partition

If ubuntu is installed in MBR mode, boot from ubuntu install media, open a terminal and execute:

sudo mount /dev/sd** /mnt
sudo grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/sd*

Note : *= disk | ** = system partition


Can you make an Ubuntu bootable USB with a 4GB flash drive?

Yes ofcourse. Ubuntu Desktop 14.04.3 LTS ISO is around 1 GB. You can check it here. You are good to go.
I have used Universal USB Installer as mentioned here on three of my systems to install that version.

Here is the size of this .iso from my Ubuntu desktop:

root@ashu-700-430qe:/home/ashu/Downloads# ls -l ubuntu-14.04.3-desktop-amd64.iso
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ashu ashu 1054867456 Feb 17 21:01 ubuntu-14.04.3-desktop-amd64.iso

It's 1054867456(around 1006 MB)


Lubuntu - I can't play videos from YouTube using Firefox but in Chromium I can

You should use Youtube's html5 video player if you aren't already, as it is now recommended over flash.

Navigate to https://www.youtube.com/html5 :

Select Request the HTML5 Player if it is not already selected.
Type about:config in the URL bar.

Set all media.* values to default.


Change boot order when rEFInd Boot Manager seems lost

I couldn't find a way and needed to get back to my OSX so restarted in OSX recovery mode. Ended up with a number of other issues so decided to delete ubuntu see: Delete Ubuntu dual boot on Mac w/ rEFInd


Scheduling boot using cron (Ubuntu Server 20.04)

Not possible using any commands from your server. Because server is stopped. You should use service providing by hosting provider for booting like Amazon lambda


Ubuntu SDK emulator starts up but the Devices tab says "The device is currently booting..."

I had the same problem. The solution is that you have to enable the developer mode on the emulator by hand.
Navigate to System Settings > About this phone > Developer mode and enable the developer mode.

Afterwards the IDE should be able to connect to the emulator.


Firefox opens downloaded PDFs in File Roller

Firefox uses its own rules on how to handle file types and can be different than Nautilus.

Click the Firefox menu button and select Options.
In Options, click Applications then select the file type PDF.
In the Action section, change the action for how you want to open the file.

If it's already set, change it to something else, and then back to the PDF viewer.


Why do some systemctl operations output to stderr?

There is a lot of documentation here:
systemd man page

You might also redirect the "enable" output to stdout (although that might redirect real errors there too.

It does seem like the action does not follow Unix "standards" as to what is an error and what is not.


There should be the "remove them all" pick


How to increase the actual size (Disk) of Oracle VirtualBox?

Since this is being done to a VirtualBox drive, it's not too difficult at all. Here's how you can expand the partition size:

Boot the VM with either an Ubuntu .iso or a GParted Live CD image
Open GParted
Right-click on the partition you wish to expand.
Select "Resize"
Expand into all the free space
Click "Apply"

From there you can boot into your VM normally and find that your partition size has expanded properly.
Hope this helps.


Node commissioning failed in MAAS for supermicro

We also had issues deploying nodes - both turned out to be switch issues:

First issue was machine would boot via PXE, but had IPMI connectivity issues on MAAS server - ended up only half ports on original switch had POE.

With supermicro if you don't see the BMC  POST on booting for IPMI then the deployment will not work.

Make sure all ports on your switch support POE.

Our second issue was related to commission timeout - which was DHCP related. We changed setting on cisco switch to make dhcp pass through quicker:

spanning-tree portfast


Has my previous windows drive been erased?

Use gparted to look at the partitions on your hard drive to verify windows is still there, it should be if you installed it side by side. If you didn't do a full shutdown of windows, because of it's fast startup feature, then grub wouldn't have been able to mount the windows partition to see that it exists, and add it to the grub boot menu.

You will have to use a windows cd/usb and perform a boot repair. Make sure to do a full shutdown of windows, and then install the grub bootloader again or just reinstall ubuntu for simplicity and less steps but more time waiting.


How to extract files to another directory using 'tar' command?

To extract an archive to a directory different from the current, use the -C, or --directory, tar option, as in

tar -xf archive.tar -C /target/directory

Note that the target directory has to exist before running that command (it can be created by mkdir /target/directory).

Read the manual page (command: man tar) for other options.


It is native in firefox (hurray) , well at least 41.0

goto Preferences/Advanced/General/Browsing/"Use autoscrolling"


Ubuntu 16.04: Why there is no unity in Unity?

The file choose dialog depends on the GUI toolkit developers used in creating their software. Gtk file chooser will look  different from Qt file chooser.  Below is the example of either, both running from scripts

It also bears no relation to Gnome, because again - file chooser depends on program's toolkit, not desktop environment.

In case of Gtk toolkit, the difference also may depend on the Gtk version used. Compare Gtk 3.0  and Gtk 2.0 file chooser dialogs. Difference is noticeable


Is there a way to save the changes of tools bars in LibreOffice writer?

If you have made changes in your Libreoffice Writer's toolbar (I'm running Libre office 3.5) like
Eg:

add "Load URL" from Tools > Customize > Toolbars

I think these changes are saved in the following folder:

/home/user/.config/libreoffice/3/user/config/soffice.cfg/modules/swriter/toolbar

In my case I have an xml file named standardbar.xml

So you can backup your .xml files and transfer them to the same folder but in another machine.

Note:
The same if for the others tools like Calc, Impress, Draw. They have their folders in

/home/user/.config/libreoffice/3/user/config/soffice.cfg/modules/

Hope this will helpful!

Cheers.


Boot: Ubuntu 20.04 not booting: timed out waiting for device

Ok, I've done some tuning and here's my fix.

Make sure that from grub you can access previous versions of your kernel (eg. 5.4.0-31)
Install Grub Repair and run it with proposed fix (by accessing the system with a previous version of the kernel)
Reboot
Install Grub Customizer
Copy "quiet splash acpi=off $vt_handoff" and paste in the corresponding line of the kernel 5.4.0-37 script and on the kernel script for the default startup option. Even thought it's the same kernel, grub treat these scripts as different, so a change in the latter won't affect the previous
Save the new configuration
Run apt update and apt upgrade. You should see a new package called "intel microcode". Proceed with installation
Reboot
Here, in my case, the battery indicator has been replaced by the I/O icon and the laptop wouldn't switch off anymore
Go back to the Grub Customizer. Delete quiet splash acpi=off $vt_handoff from the script for both kernel 5.4.0-37 and the default option
Reboot

And...should be solved!


As ponsfrilus said, you must use absolute paths (paths starting with /) for your commands to work from /bin or /usr/local/bin. So your script should become:
source /home/sujith/dev/django/bin/activate && python /home/sujith/dev/django/src/manage.py shell_plus --notebook

To run it as django, you must save your script in a file named django with #/bin/bash on the top of the file. Then make it executable by running:
chmod u+x /path/to/django

where /path/to/django is the absolute path to your script.
Finally, move your script to /bin by running:
sudo mv /path/to/django /bin

You should now be able to run your script just by typing django in your terminal.

Another, much simpler, option is to create an alias for your script, by adding the following at the end of your .bashrc file:
alias django='source /home/sujith/dev/django/bin/activate && python /home/sujith/dev/django/src/manage.py shell_plus --notebook'

Then close your terminal and reopen it or run the following for the alias to take effect:
source .bashrc


How to make KDE applications look native in Ubuntu 17.10

You can install the qt5-style-plugins package from the Ubuntu repositories:

sudo apt install qt5-style-plugins

Then edit ~/.profile with a text editor. For example, using Gedit, you can open that file from a terminal using:

gedit ~/.profile

In this file, add the following as a new line, without removing anything from the ~/.profile file:

export QT_QPA_PLATFORMTHEME=gtk2

Next, save the file and finally logout and log in. This will make Qt5 apps use Gtk2 style, which will look better, but not perfect.

For more styles, you can try qt5ct (a PPA is available).

For Qt5 applications you can also use Kvantum, which allows using a SVG-based theme engine. It comes with built-in themes that resemble some popular Gtk themes, like Ambiance, Yaru (Communitheme), Adapta, Adwaita, and more, which makes Qt apps look a lot better. The application also allows various customizations, assign themes to specific applications, and more. For how to install Kvantum in Ubuntu, see this page.


1) Did you md5sum check the downloaded iso?
  See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToMD5SUM
  Check the number against the listing in the link for your release listed at
  http://releases.ubuntu.com under the MD5SUMS link.
2) If using a CD/DVD, did you burn the disc as slowly as possible?
  See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BurningIsoHowto
3) Did you select the media check before trying to install?
 https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/CDIntegrityCheck
4) Did you ever do a "memory check" (another live-media menu choice) on your PC?
Doing the above can save you a lot of time struggling with a bad install media.


Wireles adapter not working after upgrade to 20.04

You need to install a driver for the wireless adapter. Run in a terminal:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install git dkms
git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtw88.git
sudo dkms add ./rtw88
sudo dkms install rtlwifi-new/0.6

Reboot and disable Secure Boot in BIOS.


Xubuntu 20.04 does not start after a clean installation [SOLVED]


The way question reads it sounds like you want one stdin redirected to two different commands. If that's the case, take advantage of tee plus process substitution:

some-expensive-command | tee >(grep 'pattern' > output.txt) >(grep -v 'pattern' | another-command)

Process substitutions are in fact anonymous pipelines implemented within bash itself ( on subprocess level ). We can also make the use of a named pipeline + tee. For instance, in terminal A do

$ mkfifo named.fifo
$ cat /etc/passwd | tee named.fifo | grep 'root'

And in another terminal B do

$ grep -v 'root' named.fifo

Another way to look at this is by recognizing that grep is line pattern matching tool, so by reading line at a time and using that same line in multiple commands we can achieve exactly the same effect:

rm output.txt # get rid of file so that we don't add old and new output
some-expensive-command | while IFS= read -r line || [ -n "$line" ]; do
    printf "%s\n" "$line" | grep 'pattern' >> output.txt
    printf "%s\n" "$line" | grep -v 'pattern' | another-command
done
# or if another-command needs all of the output,
# place `| another-comand` after `done` clause

Yet another way is to abandon grep and use something more powerful, like awk:

some-expensive-command | awk '/pattern/{print >> "output.txt"}; !/pattern/{print}' | another-command.

Practically speaking, don't worry about using temporary files, so long as you clean them up after using. If it works, it works.


Just put sudo before wget.

  fuse-3.5.0.tar.xz: Permission denied
  Cannot write to ‘fuse-3.5.0.tar.xz’ (Success).

This portion suggests that your system refuses to write fuse-3.5.0.tar.xz on usr/src/ because you do not have the privilege.


Using a PS4 controller inverts the screen (17.10)

It's likely the gyro in the PS4 controller that Ubuntu is recognizing, thinking its a tablet/laptop with sensors. Try flipping the controller over and locking the rotation (system tray > lock rotation).


Why does 'update-grub' detect kernels twice?

I have encountered this problem before, and the extra kernels didn't show up in the GRUB boot menu if I remember, but it was a while back.

You might try deleting one of the *_linux_proxy files, and back it up first of course.  That should get rid of detection, as you suspected.  I would remove the second one, but they should be identical.


Firefox reinstalled, but not xul-ext-webaccounts

If you use Ubuntu accounts like Launchpad or UbuntuOne then yes, you need this extension and need to:

sudo apt-get install xul-ext-webaccounts

to allow auto-log-on...  ;-)


how to use the upstart command instead of systemctl

You cannot. Upstart is installed on Ubuntu 16.04 because some small parts of it are used for specific tasks. Ubuntu uses systemd as the init system, including control of services. Syntactically, you command should be sudo systemctl start gdm; whether if would make sense or not is a different question.


What version of Ubuntu 11.10 should I prefer? 64bit or 32bit?

Ubuntu 11.10 has multiarch support and you shouldn't really have a problem running into software that won't work under 64-bit. I'd recommend the 64-bit variety so you can get the most out of your hardware.


Auto connect plugged in ethernet with dual NIC

I found the answer here.

Using allow-hotplug enp2s0 instead of auto enp2s0 for both interfaces works.


Main tool on Ubuntu/Launchpad to manage SW version controls and SW changes is Bazaar.
You can find a wiki here.

In summary, to submit a change you should:

Install bazaar: sudo apt-get install bzr
Generate a SSH key and register it to you launchpad user ID (see the wiki mentioned above);
Look for the package you want to fix. As an example let's say the package is 'swtobefixed'.
Download the branch: bzr pull lp:swtobefixed
Update the local code and test it on your machine
Commit changes: bzr commit -m "Revision 1 Comment"
Push the change to launchpad: bzr push lp:swtobefixed

Please consider packages works with permissions.
References:

http://daniel.holba.ch/blog/2011/03/ubuntu-development-guide-fixing-a-bug-in-ubuntu/


How to uninstall Ubuntu 12.04 LTS ( installed alongside Win 7 from Boot CD)

Disk management shows 4 NTFS partitions (C: D: E: and F:), these 4 are windows partitions that you have created, and there are 2 other partitions for which the file system is not listed here, these belong to your Linux system, the one with 12.01 GB is where your root directory (/) is mounted, in other words that is your Ubuntu OS,  the other partition is your SWAP partition, this is used by the system in a way similar to virtual memory in Windows.

If you want to uninstall Ubuntu, there are different ways to do this, the way i'll do this task is as follows:

You'll have to use Windows to delete the Ubuntu Partitions.. seems an easy task but be careful, when you installed Ubuntu, the boot manager (GRUB for Ubuntu) was also installed and is the purple screen you see at boot time with the OS Options to select from, so if you remove your Ubuntu partitions this will also go away and your computer will not boot... don't panic!

You'll then have to use your Windows installation disk to repair the MBR (Master Boot Record) so that Windows can boot again.

Uninstalling Ubuntu may not be the best solution, there are many great websites that provide excellent help on how to resolve issues that you may find in your way. We are a great community eager to help and to share the things we have learned.

You can find more information about dual booting and boot managers here:

http://www.linuxbsdos.com/2011/10/27/dual-boot-ubuntu-11-10-windows-7-on-a-pc-with-2-hard-drives/

It's a graphical explanation about partitions, boot managers and installation of different OS's that may help as well.

Hope this helps.


How to enable hard-blocked bluetooth in Thinkpad Edge 320

after 5-10 bios resets to re-enable bluetooth during the last two years I decided to investigate this issue again. looks like there is a bluetooth switch emulation in the thinkpad_acpi module. turn this on via module options et voila -> working bluetooth!

echo options thinkpad_acpi dbg_bluetoothemul=1 bluetooth_state=1 | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/thinkpad_acpi.conf

reboot && block/unblock bluetooth as needed:

rfkill unblock all


How can execute a cron at machine sturtup?

As specified in man 5 crontab, which contains the format of crontab files:

  Instead of the first five fields, one  of  eight  special  strings
  may
         appear:

          string         meaning
          ------         -------
          @reboot        Run once, at startup.
          @yearly        Run once a year, "0 0 1 1 *".
          @annually      (same as @yearly)
          @monthly       Run once a month, "0 0 1 * *".
          @weekly        Run once a week, "0 0 * * 0".
          @daily         Run once a day, "0 0 * * *".
          @midnight      (same as @daily)
          @hourly        Run once an hour, "0 * * * *".

So you should be able to add a crontab line in the form

@reboot  bash /full/path/to/the/script

You can use the command crontab -e to edit the file, or input directly --- look at man crontab for details.


Delete Ubuntu & allocate space back to Windows?

First of all, sorry that you have problems with ubuntu. To remove it entirely and use the space in windows, boot with windows (I do not know which win you are using ), under control panel, administrative tools, find disk manager (name may be smt different). Find the partitions you have installed ubuntu. Format them to ntfs and set it as a windows drive by giving it drive letter. To restore your UEFI please follow this link How to fix the MBR for Windows 7?


Software centre neither update does not work on 12.04

The first thing I notice is that your rm command has failed. Try rm -rf to recursively delete the directories.


Can't uninstall certain default softwares from ubuntu software GUI

Use the apt command. It will look something like this

sudo apt-get remove --purge libreoffice*
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoremove

Here is the link to the Ubuntu forum for more detail.   How to uninstall LibreOffice?


Installing Server Packages (how to edit protected files)

Please start a terminal with Alt-Ctrl-T.

Then enter the command:

gksu gedit <configfile-path-and-name> &

you will be prompted for your password. After entering it an editor will open on your desktop. Make your changes and then use the menu to save the file. Because of the way you started it, you will now have the permission necessary to save the file.

There are additional editors available in the Ubuntu Software Center, for example Tea

sudo apt-get install tea


Using grub2's recovery mode root shell

While booting, hold Shift to access grub2's menu
Select Advanced options for Ubuntu and hit Enter

Select your current kernel's recovery mode (e.g. Ubuntu xx.xx x.xx.xx-xx-generic (recovery mode)) and hit Enter

Select root - Drop to root shell prompt and hit Enter

Run mount -o remount,rw / to remount the root partition as read-write
Run nano /etc/group
Look for the sudo entry and add "jonathan" right at the end
Hit Ctrl+x, y and then Enter to save the changes
Run exit
Select resume - Resume normal boot

Using a Live DVD

Boot from a Live DVD
Open a terminal with Ctrl+Alt+t
Run lsblk to see to which block device your root partition on the drive is mapped to
Mount the root partition: sudo mount /dev/<partition_block_device> /mnt (where <partition_block_device> = root partition's block device)
Run sudo gedit /mnt/etc/group
Look for the sudo entry and add "jonathan" right at the end
Save
Quit
Run exit
Reboot


Is there any way to disable the default behavior of the Insert key?

Go to Keyboard Shortcuts in System settings, then press Add button and insert a Name of your choice, say "DisableIns", and true as a harmless command then press Apply button.

Now, in the Custom Shortcuts section you will find an entry

DisableIns | Disabled

Click on Disabled, then perform your custom shortcut Ins. Press close, you're done.


Kernel panic when trying to boot Ubuntu 20.04 on HP Z400

With the help of @ChanganAuto I managed to install Ubuntu mate 20.04:

I made the bios changes from my question
After this only ubuntu 16.04 32 bit was able to load in order for me to delete all partitions from the drives, including Windows, with GParted. (if anyone has the same problem and wants to dual boot with Windows, skip this part and see what happens)
I updated bios from 3.20 to 3.61.

The kernel panic was gone and I installed Ubuntu.
After installation I reverted the changes from my questions to RAID+AHCI internal only and enabled RAID ROM Download.


Ubuntu 18.10 System Settings does not open

Same problem. 18.04, fully updated and upgraded. Been using several months. Just uninstalled and re-installed Xscreensaver because it was not functikoning properly. Tried Software Center and manual installs. Finally worked (with Xscreensavers icon getting dumped into Applications area). Deleted those icons and now it works fine. Related? Unknown to us.


The answer can be inferred from a combination of reading:

https://jujucharms.com/docs/stable/charms-deploying

And this bug:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/charms/+source/mongodb/+bug/1312389

From the doc:

  Running this will do exactly what you expect - fetch the latest Juju charm for the series you are running [...]

  Juju usefully supports a system of namespaces that means you can actually deploy charms from a variety of sources. The default source is the charm store. The above command is the same as running:

  juju deploy cs:trusty/mongodb

Since you are running on a trusty host, juju defaults to looking for a trusty version of the charm. And from the bug, we can see that there is no trusty version of that charm yet.

The workaround is to deploy an older version of mongodb on Ubuntu 12.04 (precise):

juju deploy cs:precise/mongodb

until the mongodb charm is updated for trusty.

This workaround applies to any charm that has not yet been updated for 14.04.