Cannot add a user account with numerical username - useradd: group '11' does not exist

Don't do this, instead use a username which starts with a characters like u11.

Here is what's happening:
You are trying to create a user named 11, so a group will be created named 11 at the same time as your user's primary group.
This newly created group will get an id bigger that of > 1000 like: 1003 which in your /etc/group file its line going to be: 11:x:1003.
While adding this new user useradd tries to add it to its primary group which is 11, however when doing this, it thinks that the 11 is a group id so it complains that there is no such group with the id of 11.

When it says "group 11 exists", it means you have a group named "11", and
When it says "group '11' does not exist", it means that I can't find any group with the id of "11".

Why it worked for first 10 account
Because by default there are some groups with the ID of 0 to the 10 in a Ubuntu system. so it assign your users to these groups and does not complain about it. However with the 11, you've got a group named 11 but no group with the id of 11.
Workaround
So as muru said it's just the start of your problems, do not do this. however if you insist to fix the issue you should find the group id and use that:
$ grep ^11 /etc/group
11:x:1003

$ sudo useradd 11 -g 1003

Do not forget to use usermod to change the first 10 users group id too.


Suspend instantly restarting - editing acpi/wakeup with systemd service

I had the same problem with a Ryzen 2600 and Ubuntu 18.04.

Your script was very helpful.
To execute it on startup I added your lines

echo AS43 > /proc/acpi/wakeup
echo PTXH > /proc/acpi/wakeup

to a /etc/rc.local file.

Then I added a systemd service to start this script. I followed this tutorial.

Thanks for finding the wakeup triggers!


Ubuntu 18.04 bond with netplan duplicate MAC address after cloning

This has been resolved by deleting the /etc/machine-id file and rebooting or just using the systemd-machine-id-setup utility.


How can i install windowscodecs using wine 1.5.19?

First step: $ winetricks windowscodecs
its add override for windowscodecs.dll and registry patch.
Second step: extract windowscodecs.dll from wic_x86_enu.exe
into ~/.wine/drive_c/windows/system32 for 32-bit wine
or into ~/.wine/drive_c/windows/syswow64 for 64-bit wine


ISP DNS Server used Instead of Local DNS

From the above output, it looks like Ubuntu is trying to use a local DNS server. Correct? Is it caching a failed lookup on my local machine?

Yes, Ubuntu is using whatever was provided with dhcp lease, more specifically dnsmasq, a plug-in, that takes care of that for network-manager.

  Is Ubuntu using this second DNS server sometimes? Why? Is it load balancing? Is the local one slower?

If the first dns fails to resolve, then dnsmasq should redirect the query to the secondary dns. At least that's the idea.

In case you'd like to use your own dns-server
Personally, I always use supersede domain-name-server xxx.xx.xxx.xxx in /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf to tell my Ubuntu system to replace whatever dns it receives via dhcp lease with my own server. Here's the excerpt from that file:

30)serg@ubuntu[/home/xieerqi]
>_ cat /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf
# Configuration file for /sbin/dhclient, which is included in Debian's
#   dhcp3-client package.
#
# This is a sample configuration file for dhclient. See dhclient.conf's
#   man page for more information about the syntax of this file
#   and a more comprehensive list of the parameters understood by
#   dhclient.
#
# Normally, if the DHCP server provides reasonable information and does
#   not leave anything out (like the domain name, for example), then
#   few changes must be made to this file, if any.
#

option rfc3442-classless-static-routes code 121 = array of unsigned integer 8;

#send host-name "andare.fugue.com";
send host-name = gethostname();
#send dhcp-client-identifier 1:0:a0:24:ab:fb:9c;
#send dhcp-lease-time 3600;
#supersede domain-name "fugue.com home.vix.com";
supersede domain-name-servers 208.67.220.220;
#prepend domain-name-servers 127.0.0.1;
request subnet-mask, broadcast-address, time-offset, routers,
    domain-name, domain-name-servers, domain-search, host-name,
    dhcp6.name-servers, dhcp6.domain-search,
    netbios-name-servers, netbios-scope, interface-mtu,
    rfc3442-classless-static-routes, ntp-servers,
    dhcp6.fqdn, dhcp6.sntp-servers;

After setting that up and reconnecting or restarting network-manager, here's what I have:

31)serg@ubuntu[/home/xieerqi]
>_ nmcli dev list | grep -i dns
IP4.DNS[1]:                             208.67.220.220

Nslookup will report Server:       127.0.1.1 and Address:    127.0.1.1#53
  since it is Network-Manager's dsnmasq that listens on that address, and it uses whatever was provided by dhcp ( in this case , the substituted dns)


Theming or changing colors for Nautilus?

Yes. You can create a custom nautilus.rc (for GTK+ 2.x) or nautilus.css (for GTK+ 3.x).
Unfortunately I do not have a link or instructions on exactly how to theme it, but there are a few themes out there that have these files inside (such as Ambiance and Radiance), and if you take a look at how their definitions for Nautilus are structured, you should be able to work it out pretty easily.


How to unlock "Add" and "Set as default" in the "Open With" tab of a files' properties

They are grayed out because the default program is selected.

Just click on any other program and the buttons will be clickable again.


Installing packages from packages.list in Ubuntu 16.04

I think this command is useful for your requirement.

dpkg --get-selections | grep -v deinstall


I can't seem to connect to a wireless network on my HP mini

Try disabling secure-boot in the BIOS. And if nothing changes when the operating system is running restart network-manager. (service network-manager restart). Please let me know if this works, if not I will remove answer.


summary and restricted output from fdisk in ubuntu bionic beaver

I use lsdrv (list drive) which is an alias of lsblk ... setup in my ~/.bashrc file.

$ lsdrv
NAME         FSTYPE LABEL            MOUNTPOINT   SIZE MODEL
sr0                                              1024M DVD+/-RW DW316
sda                                             931.5G HGST HTS721010A9
├─sda4       ntfs   WINRETOOLS                    450M
├─sda2                                            128M
├─sda5       ntfs   Image                        11.4G
├─sda3       ntfs   HGST_Win10       /mnt/d       919G
└─sda1       vfat   ESP                           500M
nvme0n1                                           477G Samsung SSD 960 PRO 512GB
├─nvme0n1p5  ntfs                                 858M
├─nvme0n1p3                                        16M
├─nvme0n1p1  ntfs                                 450M
├─nvme0n1p8  ntfs   Shared_WSL+Linux /mnt/e         9G
├─nvme0n1p6  ext4   New_Ubuntu_16.04 /           23.7G
├─nvme0n1p4  ntfs   NVMe_Win10       /mnt/c     363.2G
├─nvme0n1p10 ext4   Ubuntu_18.04     /mnt/clone  27.2G
├─nvme0n1p2  vfat                    /boot/efi     99M
├─nvme0n1p9  swap                    [SWAP]       7.9G
└─nvme0n1p7  ext4   Old_Ubuntu_16.04 /mnt/old    44.6G

The alias selects the important fields I want to see that fit on a regular screen without line wrapping:

$ alias lsdrv
alias lsdrv='lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,LABEL,MOUNTPOINT,SIZE,MODEL | grep -v loop'


Why does updating Precise lead to bugs during boot?

I'm not sure about why the gfxmode is happening(a quick search on askubuntu only game me ways to fix it not a root cause) but is is unrelated to the missing boot screen.

The "missing" boot screen is normal behavior in 12.04 in my experience, but the link that I provide dates back to Jan 2011.(may have more to do with how fast your processor is, I only noticed this with my new computer, an Intel Sandy Bridge, which I bought to install 12.04 on, my old computer was 6yrs old and alot slower)

paste from The Linux Experience

  WHY DOESN'T IT WORK?!

  Plymouth is a very young piece of technology and it is still not as
  solid as one would desire. One of the most frequent problems is the
  one I described above, where you get a black screen with a blinking
  cursor instead of your shiny Plymouth splash screen.

  Essentially, the root cause of this problem relates to graphics
  drivers loading slowly, too slowly for the system to wait for them.
  The file system is checked and loaded in a shorter time, thus allowing
  X to load, perhaps making it unreasonable to have to wait for those
  graphics drivers to load.

If you want to read more about it the link has a goodly bit of information about it. If you just want to get your screen back I will copy the directions form the site(I used these commands myself, I hated looking at the blank screen)

Open a virtual terminal and type the following command:

sudo gedit /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/splash

This file may not exist, so you may be creating it from scratch now.
Enter the following content on the file you opened on the previous step:

FRAMEBUFFER=y
Close and save the file.
Now, run the following command to commit the change:

sudo update-initramfs -u

After rebooting you will have the splash screen back,also you will be able to see any text when pressing Esc during the splash screen or remove quiet splash from the boot commands, without this fix even if you remove quiet splash, you will only see a blank screen until the log in screen(lightdm)


Remember that 16.04 was released in April, and the latest point release for it wasn't terribly recent. It would be pretty amazing if 16.04 shipped with a build of KDE that came out about a week ago. According to KDE's packages page, 16.04 actually came wih 5.5.3, so 16.04.1 must have upgraded to 5.5.5.

The page also says that Kubuntu can get Plasma 5.6.5 with Backports from the PPA. This isn't the latest version, but it appears that is the latest stable build for Ubuntu. I would recommend you install this one.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

In case 5.6.5 isn't new enough, the Staging branch happens to have 5.7.2 for Xenial and Yakkety. You can try it out, but it isn't stable, so expect issues. I don't really recommend this, but if you want the latest you can easily get:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/staging-plasma
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

If you really, really, really want 5.7.4, you can build KDE completely from source. The code can be found here and build instructions here. There are quite a few packages to build, however, so I recommend you settle for 5.6.5 or 5.7.2. Unless you absolutely have to have 5.7.4 on Ubuntu, the effort needed for this is probably not worth the 0.0.2 point upgrade.

As for the reason there is no 5.7.4 on Ubuntu yet: well, take a look at the source; it's a lot. The Kubuntu team has to build all that for Ubuntu after the KDE team releases it, and make sure it's stable. Then they also have to wait for a new Ubuntu release (xx.04 or xx.10, not xx.xx.Y) to actually package it in by default.


Different error messages on Boot (nouveau, hdaudio)

I had this exact same issue on an ASUS ROG laptop when booting to a new install of Ubuntu 19.10.

I had to boot into Ubuntu recovery mode from the boot options screen and edit the grub file with the following:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

then edit the following lines:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="i915.alpha_support=1“

And then save by hitting Ctrl+O, then exit nano with Ctrl+X, then simply run:

sudo update-grub

When that finishes:

sudo reboot

EDIT:
After running updates and rebooting it gave me the audio error again. I went back into the grub file and removed the previous edits, ran update-grub again, then added the following line to /etc/modprobe.d/modesetting.conf:

options i915 modeset=1

Did a sudo reboot again and now everything is working! I don’t understand what the root issue was or why this works but it did for me. Hopefully, this helps someone else.


Storing and reading PDF files on live CD

You need to boot off a LiveUSB or use a thumb-drive or external drive in conjunction with your LiveCD if you want to be able to write extra files and use it everytime with the LiveCD.

Alternatively, you can also use the usb-creator program and create a LiveUSB and then allocate some space on the USB drive to use as storage space which you can use to save your .pdf's and Word files.

The detailed instructions to use persistent storage are here at Ubuntu Community Documentation - Live CD Persistence

Excerpt from the Source:

If you are using a USB stick, you need to partition and format your USB stick -

  Partitioning:

  To partition your USB Stick we will use the command fdisk so run the
  following command to start the process (replacing /dev/sda with your
  device path):

sudo fdisk /dev/sda

  Without getting in depth about how to use fdisk (which is outside the
  scope of this document) here is how you can partition your USB by
  deleting any existing partitions and creating one new partition.

  First type “p” at the command prompt and hit  to print the
  current partition table. The output of this command should look
  something like this:

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 130 MB, 130023424 bytes
16 heads, 32 sectors/track, 496 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 512 * 512 = 262144 bytes

   Device   Boot    Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
   /dev/sda1   *        1         496      126960    6  FAT16

  Again, for this example, we will just delete all of the existing
  partitions so now type “d” at the command prompt. Then enter the
  number of the partition you wish to delete. Repeat this process for
  each partition on your USB Stick until they are all deleted. The
  following is a example of what your session might look like:

Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 1

Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 2

Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 3

Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 4

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda1: 130 MB, 130007040 bytes
16 heads, 32 sectors/track, 495 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 512 * 512 = 262144 bytes

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help):

  As you can see we have now deleted all of the partitions on our USB
  Stick. Now we can create one new partition by typing “n” at the
  command prompt followed by your desired partition number. Once that is
  done type “w” and hit  to write the partition table changes to
  your USB Stick. Here is the output from my session:

Command (m for help): n
Command action
  e   extended
  p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-495, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-495, default 495):
Using default value 495

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 22: Invalid argument. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table

  will be used at the next reboot. Syncing disks.

  Now that we have our partition table all set let's format it.

  Creating the "casper-rw" File System

  Formatting your USB Stick is also a very simple task. First we will
  unmount the device so we can format it, then just format it.

  First unmount your USB Stick by running the following command:

sudo umount /dev/sda1

  Now that your USB Stick is unmounted we can format it. The only
  special consideration is that we must give the formatted partition the
  label “casper-rw”. This is the name the Live CD looks for to store
  persistent information. You can properly format your USB Stick by
  issuing the following command:

sudo mkfs.ext3 -b 4096 -L casper-rw /dev/sda1 The output of this command should look something like this:

mke2fs 1.38 (30-Jun-2005)
Filesystem label=casper-rw
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
31744 inodes, 31740 blocks
1587 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
1 block group
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
31744 inodes per group

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (1024 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 20 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.


Lock and Unlock from USB disk (pendrive)

I know it's a terribly late answer, just thought it might help future readers.
I posted the answer at Locking with USB drive

Well, a module called PAM (Pluggable Authentication module) can be customized to achieve your need. A beautiful article is available on linuxconfig describing this in detail.

The steps are:

Install PAM

$ sudo apt-get install pamusb-tools libpam-usb

Add USB device to PAM config

$ sudo pamusb-conf --add-device <my-usb-stick>

Select your volume and "Y" to save
Define user for PAM auth

$ sudo pamusb-conf --add-user <ubuntu-user>

Select and "Y" to save
Configure PAM

$ sudo gedit /etc/pam.d/common-auth

Add the line below and save

auth    sufficient      pam_usb.so

Test the PAM auth

$ su ubuntu-user

Lock when disconnected

$ sudo gedit /etc/pamusb.conf

Modify the block "user" block to look like:

<user id="ubuntu-user">
      <device>
              my-usb-stick
      </device>
      <agent event="lock">gnome-screensaver-command -l</agent>
      <agent event="unlock">gnome-screensaver-command -d</agent>
 </user>*


I had HISTSIZE= in my .bashrc, but it gets interpreted by gdb as a history size of zero. Adding the alias

alias gdb='HISTSIZE=70000000; /usr/local/bin/gdb "$@"'

to my .bashrc fixed the problem.

See https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/213595/121871 for other possible workarounds.


Actually, it's entirely possible to play Windows games on Linux, as long as the game is supported by Wine and your hardware doesn't meltdown loading it. There are two ways to go about installing.

I would recommend installing WINE and PlayOnLinux to make installing GTA:SA easier.(NOTE: Even with it being 'easier', you may have to work at it to get things running. Be persistent, and don't be afraid to ask questions and search with your preferred search engine.)

Installing Wine is pretty straightforward, since it's already in the repositories. Just open up the terminal and type sudo apt-get install wine. Once Wine is installed, it's a simple matter of installing PlayOnLinux using sudo apt-get install playonlinux. If you're uncomfortable with the terminal, you can always look it up in the software center.

Once you've installed both Wine and POL, we have to either pop in the disc or get the installer. When installing a game, PlayOnLinux should ask what you want you want to do. It's a pretty straight forward process, similar to Windows 'wizards' that we're all used to from the days before we found Linux.

The alternative way is to install Wine (just like before), install Steam.exe (which can be downloaded from here), and install GTA:SA through Steam.

By the way, here's a link to Wine HQ showing a positive user experience for GTA:SA. And here's the link to the PlayOnLinux website, which would have more in depth answers for anything related to POL, and includes a compatibility list of all games supported.


Ubuntu 16.10 or 17.04 when shuting down 5 "Failed " errors are reported

Its a bug in systemd, here's my work around.

root@x360:~# cat /lib/systemd/system-shutdown/fix-shutdown-errors.sh
#!/bin/bash
/sbin/swapoff -a
/sbin/cryptsetup luksClose mmc_crypt
/sbin/cryptsetup luksClose sda5_crypt


Unable to remove old kernels: Stuck at "Building dependency tree ... 50%"

I've linked the question as a duplicate, but here are some steps to get you moving in the meantime.

The fact that the apt-get commands aren't working suggests that there are some deeper problems within your package management system.

First try purging the old kernel:

sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.13.0-32-generic

If that doesn't work you may have to go into boot and remove them by hand.
Be very careful to type this command carefully, if you delete stuff that you're not meant to it could leave your system in an unusable state.

sudo rm /boot/*3.13.0-32-*
sudo update-grub


UBUNTU 18.04 Desktop Resolved DNS problems and updating /etc/resolv.conf

I wanted to thank you all for the input and help.  We experimented and came up with this as one solution.  There may be other solutions, but here is what we did. 1) installed resolvconf with apt.   2) ran sudo dpkg-reconfigure resolvconf 3) Answered no to the dynamic updates.  4) updated our /etc/network/interfaces with the correct DNS nameservers.   5) restarted networking services.  So no more dynamic updates from the ISP and the VPN tunnel stays up and running. This was something we had to test out as it was information from second or third hand.  Thank you for your time and thought and wisdom. I hope this helps others.
Sincerely

Bill Branson


Unable to connect the weak wifi signal to Ubuntu 16.04

I've been using Linux for a while in many multiple computers, work, home, the laptop I got from work, girlfriend's computer... And I never had a worse experience than with the Wifi card you have. My employer gave me a Dell Vostro 3306 if I recall correctly, which had this card.

The solution I found was simply to change the Wireless adapter. I tried many things, different drivers, distros and approaches; and I ended up using a card from a dead notebook. Replacing the Wifi card is very easy, so don't be afraid. Trust me, you'll save a lot of time by using a different card, and they are not expensive.

If you remind me later, I can send you the models I have in my 2 laptops, which work great in Linux, without any strange setup.

Maybe this is not what you were expecting as an answer, but at least will help you save time -or invest it in the right things.

Good luck!


You may have library file corruption. To reinstall its package use command below:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall libopenjp2-7


Unable to install ubuntu snap in 16.04 LTS

You are getting a status code of 423 which indicates the content you are trying to access is locked. This indicates that snap "ubuntu-core" may be in the process of being modified at the time of your attempt to access it. In my case attempts to access assertions.ubuntu.com/v1/assertions/snap-revision lead to a 403 error (Forbidden) as I don't have access.


What actually happen when i connect an external display to ubuntu pc

GUI
open Displays from unity. Then press Detect Display if not found

CLI
xrandr
Use xrandr to use and configure the display

  Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1366 x 768, maximum 8192 x 8192
  LVDS1 connected 1366x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 344mm x 194mm
     1366x768       60.0*+
     1360x768       59.8     60.0
     1024x768       60.0
     800x600        60.3     56.2
     640x480        59.9
  VGA1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
  DP1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)


touchegg used to do what you wanted. Somehow ubuntu developers removed utouch the key package on which touchegg depends to catch gestures ... Now I am like you stuck at what ubuntu developers do to us by droppping such important packages and removing important features from ubunutu while upgrading!!! I regret leaving oneiric updating to raring :(


"Unable to get exclusive lock" Ubuntu 12.04 to 14.04

If you are certain that you are not using Software Center or terminal to download anything, I would suggest trying to run the upgrade immediately after a reboot.

You could also try running the following command from the terminal:

sudo do-release-upgrade


Ok run that command like this:

java -classpath /home/$USER/Desktop/app Numbers

Since your running it from another location java expects this format:

java -classpath /path/to/class/file class_file_name

NOTE: The space between path and class file name. See java -help or man java


Wireless Very slow with 13.10 and BCM4313

What version of the kernel are you using? if 3.10 try a do-release-upgrade (even if you are on 13.10) you should get 3.11 next.

I installed from ISO and had the same problem, but when doing a do-release-upgrade after the install i was given a later kernel. This addressed my issues.


Auto copy files when added to network share

cron and rsync would be my tools of choice. I'm going to assume you've mounted this network share through naultilus or another method. There are other, better ways to mount things than through Naultilus (especially for scripting purposes) but I'll leave that up to you:

Open a terminal and run crontab -e. You might be asked to select an editor (nano is easiest). In there you want to add a new line that looks something like this:

*/5 * * * * rsync -avz ~/.gvfs/remote/path/ ~/scans/

Control-x, then y to save.

That will sync everything down from  ~/.gvfs/remote/path/ to ~/scans/ every five minutes. It won't re-download things that haven't changed. Of course you'll want to edit the paths and you might want to change the timing for the cron statement. You might want to limit it to in-hours, or run it more often.


finally i found the answer. thanks for @bodhi.zazen for the command. when I run file thefile.ext it is detect as Zip archive data, at least v2.0 to extract . And I unzip it. then, I found the file name xxx.dat. so i do the same command file xxx.dat. and the result is SQLite 3.x database. And I browse the database by sqlitebrowser on ubuntu. thank you for your help


VirtualHost redirect https://www.example.com to https://example.com not working

I think it's not possible, if you don't have a correct certificate for https://www.example.com. In the (ssl) process of client-server handshake, establishment of secure connection is the first step.

If you have certificate for https://www.example.com add it to the .conf file:

<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
    <VirtualHost _default_:443>
        ServerName www.example.com
        Redirect permanent "/" "https://example.com/"
        SSLEngine on
        SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/www.example.com.crt
        SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/www.example.com.key
        SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/certs/www.example.com.root-bundle.crt
    </VirtualHost>
</IfModule>


Problem with installation of Rawtherapee

The file /usr/share/rawtherapee/images/curveType-NURBS.png is part of the default rawtherapee version in the repositories for ubuntu 12.04 (rawtherapee_3.0.0~dfsg1-1build1_amd64.deb in your case); and yet you also seem to have available rawtherapee-data 4.0.9-2, which is part of the Ubuntu 12.10 Quantal rawtherapee version as noted here. Therefore you seem to have available two incompatible versions of the program, which will try to replace each other, hence the install errors.

This is a problem that can occur with dpkg, and it is documented here in detail.

Firstly, try:

sudo apt-get -f install

If this is unsuccessful, the following commands should sort it out:

sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite /var/cache/apt/archives/rawtherapee_3.0.0~dfsg1-1build1_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get -f install


The first thing I would recommend is checking the settings in Keyboard, which is found in System Settings under Hardware section.

You will see here that the setting is set to Ctrl+Alt+T. If this is different on your system, just click on it and then press Ctrl+Alt+T to reassign it.


How to make a RELATIVE symlink with Nautilus

I can't provide a very useful answer, that won't need a lot of additional creativity. But I was able to do this with filemanager-actions...
This may help for a visual aid and some config help-> Combine JPG and MP3 to MP4 using FileManager-Actions and shell script (Ubuntu 18.04)
Under the "Command" tab I put the /usr/bin/ln -s -r command. And the parameters I took in a single file URI and a separate (manual) directory to store the link along with the single file's basename with "link" appended to it. The parameters looked like %F /home/wu/%b-link.
Then you right-click on the file you are linking and select the script name and it creates the "filename-link" link in /home/wu...
Not very useful as I did it, as the destination is so predetermined... but you can create your own script to execute... It would be nice if you could easily use the feature of selecting multiple entries... like a file and a folder... then you could tell it to make the link to the selected file, inside the selected folder... The problem I had with this before, was that it reads what you have selected in alphabetical order, regardless of the order you select them in... I'm no expert in this application, so there are probably some features I just don't know how to use... but you could probably come up with a way to create workarounds by calling your own scripts...
...for instance... select a folder and a file: then call your script that loops through your selections and test -d $selection (tests whether it is a folder or not)... then inside your script run your /usr/bin/ln -s -r $filename $folder/$filename-link...
Like I said, you would have to get a little creative, but you would be able to at least use the right click menu within nautilus.


unmet dependencies: libc6-dbg : Depends: libc6 (= 2.19-0ubuntu6.5) but 2.19-0ubuntu6.9 is installed

sudo apt-get autoclean

remove sources.list file.and create new sources.list...

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list

Then, type in

sudo software-properties-gtk

This will open software-properties-gtk and a newsources.list will be created automatically.

Then change the server to US or to any other server of your choice. You must enable repositories from the new dialog in order to create new sources.list.

Tick all the boxes then click on Revert then click close.

Need to restore default repositories

 sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -y

(it is good practice to backup this file before installing to recover if such things happen)

Now install anything!


How can I stop 'Unable to mount Android Device' messages from popping up?

Interesting question I upvoted it ;) I actually have an Android device and this message pops up all the time I connect my device but I don't pay any attention to it. There's a tweak workaround to play with is USB dubugging mode inside Android System Settings navigate to Applications/Development there you'll find USB debugging.

When you connect your phone the first time and USB debugging is ticked it's not actually right.

Firstly, untick/unmark USB debugging mode on your Android device, the message will appear:

Press OK on notification message and unplug USB cable. Now plugin USB cable click OK again on notification message and inside System Settings where USB debugging at put a tick/mark on and press OK on your Android notification message and press OK on desktop notification (if any popped up). That's basically it, now unplug and plug USB cable as many times as you want the notification message should not appear. I also tried to logout and login to a new session and the notification message didn't appear either.


Problem with the Display after moving hard drive from one laptop to another

Try this

Run sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg.  This should cause X to reconfigure itself.  The appropriate driver (i915) should get automatically chosen.


If you can get the terminal up (F2 in Kubuntu) or use (Ctrl+Alt+F1) as it's different to Ubuntu. Then enter
rm ~/.local/share/kscreen
sudo killall sddm

This black screen is legendary so guggle it or switch to Ubuntu like I did.Check this out solution to 15.04


Cache NFS Shares on Local Disk through Virtual Machine

So it looks like when I installed Ubuntu on the virtual machines (both 32 and 64-bit versions), it was not a "complete" install so the module was compiled, but not implemented fully/correctly.  As mentioned in the question, there would be the corresponding dmesg and syslog files, just no actions taken.  After using kernel 3.9.6 and changing nothing else, the fs-cache worked on the virtual machine.


failed to Install Openstack using openstack install script in 14.0.4

This was fixed in https://github.com/Ubuntu-Solutions-Engineering/openstack-installer/commit/f20bb562ef31d5ca595924e8352df4f20c8384cd and will make it in our experimental ppa ppa:cloud-installer/ppa if you wish to test that it fixes your problem. Once we finish our current testing it'll make it into the testing ppa for more real world tests. Update: Packages with this fix is now available in the testing ppa


Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, openssl 1.0.1-4ubuntu5.16 and CVE-2014-0224

This is a mistake (note that this test is marked as "Experimental", so is probably still not reliable). CVE-2014-0224 was fixed in Ubuntu 12.04 in openssl 1.0.1-4ubuntu5.14.


The solution is to use gparted to turn-off the boot flags on the internal drive's EFI partition before doing the installation. This requires installing gparted from the Ubuntu live disk, it's not part of the software on the image.

The problem is a bug the Ubuntu installer: it always uses the first EFI partition it finds, regardless of the choice you make. But by hiding that EFI partition, you can work around it. You need to create an EFI partition on your target device before doing the install. Set the flags on it.

More detailed explation of the work-around is here: https://askubuntu.com/a/1056079/152287

Bug report is here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubiquity/+bug/1396379


How to recover flash drive lost after formatting with GParted?

It's possible your USB connector or cable is damaged, and preventing the computer from recognizing the flash drive/mp3 device. Plug the drive in under Ubuntu and run the command LSUSB in a terminal. If the flash drive doesn't show up, try another port or cable. If it does, then try and format it again. check and see what file system your computer is formatted as again and make sure you use the same one on the flash drive. One other comment. Some MP3 Players come with a small file (frequently less than 100kb) pre-installed, that contains vital information for the proper function of the device. If yours had one, and you deleted it, then you might be stuck.


Unity fails after upgrade 14.04 -> 15.05 and installing nvidia drivers

Try to boot in fail safe mode as root and then   remove compiz with apt-get purge compiz and the install it again with apt-get install compiz ubuntu-desktop unity


Ubuntu OpenStack Installation requirement - single disk and seven machines?

You'll want to select the Multi Install path in order to place your services on your existing seven machines. It should work fine with single disks on each machine.

This link should get you started with the installer, juju, and maas.

http://ubuntu-cloud-installer.readthedocs.org/en/latest/multi-installer.guide.html


How to write a script to open current path from nautilus in guake

The mistake I did in the above script is rather stupid. I did not consider that the commands are case sensitive. Here is the working script.

#!/bin/bash
xdotool key ctrl+l
xdotool key ctrl+c
xdotool key F12
xdotool type cd
xdotool key space
xdotool key ctrl+shift+v

I have added a shortcut under system settings --> keyboard --> custom shortcuts.

Now, if somebody could tell me how to have a shortcut to the script that is only activated from nautilus, that would be great.

A more reliable solution for the particular problem can be found here:

How to open directory in Guake from Nautilus


How to make evince open last document on startup?

You can do it by writing a script to save Evince's state on system shutdown
and reload on system startup. I'm not sure of a way to do it when just
closing Evince though. I've been working on a similar solution based
on other suggestions in similar questions which so far looks like this
(but is not fully functional:

saving state

#!/usr/bin/awk -f
# Note: this won't work yet, just saved version from command line
# Need to adjust to work as stand alone script

# State can be restored with `$ { xargs -d "\n" -a ~/.openpdfs evince; } &`,
# but this is probably not the best option

BEGIN {
    cmd = "lsof";
    while ((cmd | getline) > 0)
        if ($1=="evince"                                   \
                && /\/home\/.+\.[^. ]+$/                   \
                && !/\.(ttf|cache|log|i686-pc-linux-gnu)$/ \
                && sub(/^[^\/]+/, ""))
                print > "'$HOME'/.openpdfs";
    close(cmd);
}

restoring state

/usr/bin/xargs -d "\n" -a ~/.openpdfs /usr/bin/evince;


Trouble linking to openmpi libraries Ubuntu 14.04

You cannot just copy an executable or binary from one distribution to another. If you are lucky it will work, bust mostly will fail.
If you have the source code, you could recompile the software on Ubuntu which should make it work.

There are also some effort in building application containers, that will run on any distribution. I think for MPI related stuff Singularity might be the best choice at the time of this writing. But you will need to build the application container on a Suse 13.2 system in your case.


Content that uses Flash begins to play in fast forward after 30 mins (or so)

I've seen this happen because of problems with Pulseaudio.

Check your log files for more info.

Try  restarting the pulseaudio process or killing it with the

killall pulseaudio

command.

Pulseaudio will restart itself if killed.


This is a bug wich is fixed in the upstream kernel version 3.17-rc7. More details about this can be found at the bug report:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1376509


What should I do if I didn't recieve the verification email for Ubuntu One?

You will need to contact the ISD team - https://forms.canonical.com/sso-support/


What does keywords in my /etc/network/interfaces means?

The different keywords have the following meaning:

auto: the interface should be configured during boot time.

iface : interface

inet: interface uses TCP/IP networking.

That means interface eth0 should be configured during boot time ,  and interface name eth0

uses TCP/IP protocol and can be configured by Dhcp .


First check to see that your windows partion are not deleted. this could have happened if during installation you selected to use the full disk. If they are still there you could insert the windows cd and do a repair installation.

Follow one of these links:
MS

This may help to edit the grub to include the windows installation if the partion is still there Ubuntu Forum


You installed Wubi pretty recently. You might try uninstalling it to see if the error goes away. (Or are you unable to uninstall software in Windows, as part of this problem?)

If it doesn't, that doesn't prove Wubi isn't responsible. But if it does go away, then that pretty much does prove Wubi is responsible (even if only by triggering some bug in Windows). In that case, this should be reported as a bug against the Wubi project on Launchpad.

If you decide to uninstall Wubi and the problem goes away, then one workaround might be for you to install Ubuntu in the standard manner, alongside rather than inside your Windows system.


For me this solution seems to be working:

install Cantor as you already done with

sudo apt-get install cantor cantor-backend-sage

install SageMath 7.5.1~aimsppa5  from their PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:aims/sagemath
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install sagemath-upstream-binary-full

launch Cantor and select SageMath backend at start

I tested this approach on my Kubuntu 14.04.5 amd64 VM. I got the following results.

In terminal:

$ cantor
Bus::open: Can not get ibus-daemon's address.
IBusInputContext::createInputContext: no connection to ibus-daemon
Object::disconnect: Unexpected null parameter
cantor(3022)/kdeui (kdelibs): Attempt to use QAction "" with KXMLGUIFactory!

after installaftion of "missed" ibus package it shows:

$ cantor
Object::disconnect: Unexpected null parameter
cantor(2285)/kdeui (kdelibs): Attempt to use QAction "" with KXMLGUIFactory!

and in GUI:

So it does not start on my system.

I reported bug 1743774 to LaunchPad.


Azure VM(Linux) not booting after encryption

I have tried Linux VM encryption and faced many issues. I made some points before going to enable the disk encryption on Linux VM in Azure.

Disabling encryption on Linux VMs is only supported for data volumes. It is not supported on data or OS volumes if the OS volume has been encrypted.

If VM is not booting after encryption then only VM restoration option is available. You cannot resolve the issue.

Before enabling the disk encryption, we have to prepare the some question’s answer.

Have a working backup for the vm which you are going to encrypt it.
Make sure that the VM has enough RAM(minimum 7Gb) and also enough space in the OSDisk.
Make sure that the application is stopped prior to the encryption process is started, also make sure that the application remains stopped after a reboot also, as the ADE process will reboot the vm.
Make sure that the vm is not accessed by any means being it ssh or winscp or any other tools.
Make sure that there is no extension installed in the vm.
Make sure that there is no server hardening is done on the vm which is going to encrypted i.e, Kernel Parameter changes, Grub password setting, boot password setting
You can monitor the encryption status using the PowerShell or azure cli commands or checking the serial console.
if you are using datadisk, make sure that the file system type is ext4 and not xfs, because xfs file system is not supported for single pass encryption
Remove the old kernels which are no longer required and regenerate the grub.cfg file. Keep only 3-4 Old Kernels if required.

Azure Disk Encryption does not work for the following scenarios, features, and technology:
•   Encrypting basic tier VM or VMs created through the classic VM creation method.
•   Disabling encryption on an OS drive or data drive of a Linux VM when the OS drive is encrypted.
•   Encrypting OS drive for Linux virtual machine scale sets.
•   Encrypting custom images on Linux VMs.
•   Integration with an on-premises key management system.
•   Azure Files (shared file system).
•   Network File System (NFS).
•   Dynamic volumes.

Azure Disk Encryption prerequisites
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/security/azure-security-disk-encryption-prerequisites

Enable Azure Disk Encryption for Linux IaaS VMs
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/security/azure-security-disk-encryption-linux

How to encrypt a Linux virtual machine in Azure
https://docs.microsoft.com/bs-latn-ba/azure/virtual-machines/linux/encrypt-disks


I am facing this too, actually there are two problems here,

1) sound card is going to power save mode

2) monitor sleep blocks sound due to monitor power save mode

solution for 1.

options snd-hda-intel power_save=0 power_save_controller=N

add this to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

Then restart

As for problem 2.

edit

sudo nano /etc/pulse/default.pa

comment this line like this

#load-module module-switch-on-port-available

restart PulseAudio

pulseaudio --kill; pulseaudio --start


Seems like to me that your VM machine files are not having enough permission. I suggest you to give the permission of 777 to try it out. And then start the VM. Or might be possible that you need to change the ownership of the directory to the respective "root" i guess.

You need to go to the directory where the VM files are and then assign the proper permission and ownership. It might work.


How to permanently change a PATH variable in Debian

Question 2: How do I permanently change the directory that's called when I type "blender" into the command line?

To add your path permanently you have to edit your ~/.bashrc(and you may have to log out/log in):

gedit ~/.bashrc

Add at the bottom:

export PATH="~/tools/Blender-2.79-CellBlender:$PATH"

As @bac0n explains in the comments, the order is important. As /usr/bin takes precedence if further configurations add the new path at the end of $PATH, the trick is to add the new path before /usr/bin (the order always left to right).

  Question 1: Why don't I see the "/usr/bin/blender" path when I call echo $PATH?

You don't see blender because it's the executable file like are all the others under the path, being the path /usr/bin, which is set in you $PATH variable


How can I run a Unity session inside Xephyr?

This is probably as close as you are going to get.

Ubuntu Forums Very informative

and

Dedoimedo Nice graphics

Hope this helps


How does Image Viewer know to autorotate pictures?

There may be meta information embedded within the image file that gives clues as to the orientation of the image.

Ubuntu's image viewer will soft rotate them automatically depending on this meta data.  Windows Photo Viewer has traditionally ignored this information.

This can lead to unexpected results.  One program may obey the orientation and rotate for viewing, while others may not.

There is an Exif Orientation attribute that can have 1 of 8 values.  There may be other schemes/meta data representations for image orientation.  Cameras can embed this information at the time of shot.

To read this meta data I found Imagemagick useful.  There are other meta data viewers available.  You may be able to display these embedded attributes from within your photo/image viewing program (look for image properties).

To view with Imagemagick:

$ sudo apt-get install imagemagick
$ identify -verbose /path/to/image.file


Wifi module stops connect to any access points

There problems with broadcom chipset and wpa-supplicant driver. I buy external wifi module on realtek chipset and all works fine.


Mac - Install from USB - Permission denied

I had that same thing happen to me. There was a write-protect switch on the flash drive I was using. Once I switched it to enable writing onto the disk, it worked.


Function that creates a file in a directory

You don't need to create and then move files - you can touch them in place ex.

touch dir1/file1.txt dir2/file2.txt dir3/file3.txt

It won't really save you any time (or typing) but you can of course create a shell function for this - a minimal implementation would be

mkfile() { touch "$1"/"$2"; }

which you can invoke as

mkfile dir1 file1.txt

although of course it should really include some checking / error handling (such as what to do if $1 is not a directory, or doesn't exist).

If your file and directory structure is always of the form dirN/fileN.txt then there are some better ways to automate the creation such as

seq 1 3 | xargs -I{} touch dir{}/file{}.txt

or even (using GNU parallel and brace expansion)

parallel touch dir{}/file{}.txt ::: {1..3}


How to install the qmlscene module version need?

Multiple Qt versions can be installed.

Download a binary installer from the Qt site. Then use qmlscene from the needed version. Latest Qt 5.x version should work with that QtQuick version.


How do I create a TCP listener with netcat and put it in the background?

Put and ampersand (&) at the end of the command.

$ nc -l 8080 &

It might be better to open another terminal window though, and keep your listener in the foreground.


How do I remove Ubuntu, wipe hard drive and install Windows XP?

The easiest way to do this is to probably create a new partition table on the drive from the Ubuntu live CD/DVD or USB flash drive. This is lower-level than just removing all the partitions.

Boot from the Ubuntu live CD/DVD or USB flash drive.
Select Try Ubuntu (not Install Ubuntu).
Run the GParted Partition Editor.

To do this, you can click the Ubuntu button at the upper-left corner, type in gparted, then click on the GParted icon when it comes up.

Make sure the proper drive is selected in the drop-down menu at the upper-right corner of the GParted window.

If you have other drives and the wrong one is selected, you can lose data on them! You do not want to create a new partition table on the wrong drive.

Click Device > Create Partition Table....

Make sure any important files on the drive have been put somewhere else, before doing this!

Click OK in the window that comes up. (You can, and should, almost always stick with the default "MS-DOS" style of partition table.)
Quit GParted and reboot the system.
Install Windows on the newly "blank" disk.

The GParted window will look something like this, though not exactly like it.


update-grub install-grub - error: unknown filesystem

I had this error on a ext4 filesystem (without RAID). So maybe your problem is completely different. But in case it's useful for others landing here like I did:

When an ext4 filesystem has the metadata_csum_seed feature enabled, then grub-install will not work and report this grub-install: error: unknown filesystem error.

This is documented in Debian bug 866603 which also has a simple test for the problem:

grub-probe --target=fs --device /dev/sda1

It will give the same error if sda1 has that feature enabled.

You can also use tune2fs to check:

tune2fs -l /dev/sda1 | grep metadata_csum_seed

and you can disable the feature with

tune2fs -O ^metadata_csum_seed /dev/sda1


Safely unmounting a Netgear Wireless USB adapter

You might see improvement with the rtl8192cu-fixes from pvaret
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install git linux-headers-generic build-essential dkms
git clone https://github.com/pvaret/rtl8192cu-fixes.git
sudo dkms add ./rtl8192cu-fixes
sudo dkms install 8192cu/1.10
sudo depmod -a
sudo cp ./rtl8192cu-fixes/blacklist-native-rtl8192.conf /etc/modprobe.d/

Reboot


Is there a way to disable the new feature in grub2 where it collapses all your old kernels?

edit /etc/default/grub

# graphical
gksu gedit /etc/default/grub

# command line
sudo -e /etc/default/grub

Comment out the HIDDEN_MENU option

# change the time out to something other then 0
GRUB_TIMEOUT=20

# comment out #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=3

Update grub

sudo update-grub

For additional information on grub see Ubuntu wiki grub 2


16.04 Shortcuts launching programs (Terminal, Nautilus) not working anymore

sudo rm -rf ~/.config

seems like a temporary (hardcore) solution to the problem. It deletes all desktop settings.

This works, but the problem reappeared after a failed attempt to change the resolution again as mentioned above. As long as I don't choose a display resolution which fails to be set, the problem doesn't reappear.


TRry installling the latest graphic card drivers from the site of ATI. as there are a lot of issues coming up for the drivers and heating problem with ubuntu


OpenVpn bridge problem - Server behind NAT - Client can ping server, default GW but nothing else

Ok, found out by myself..

While trying to ping all the possible IPs in my LAN while connected to VPN i figured out that the IPs I cannot reach belong to virtual servers (VirtualBox) only.

And then I gave myself a facepalm... I forgot to adjust the bridged NICs in VirtualBox for the virtual servers to br0 instead of eth1, as it was before.

Just for convenience I also enabled Promiscuous Mode, because I read on many threads that Promisucous is a MUST regarding the bridged setup.

Now I can ping eeevrything.
Every day I learn something new :)


Problem with the Radeon propietary driver

I have had problems with the AMD/ATI driver too (Radeon 5870), I suggest you to download the drivers from the AMD site.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/AMD#Installing_upstream_drivers_directly_from_AMD.27s_website

The last drivers doesn't give support to the HD4000 series:
http://support.amd.com/en-us/kb-articles/Pages/AMDCatalyst14-4LINReleaseNotes.aspx
Here you'll find drivers for your video card:
http://support.amd.com/en-us/download/desktop/legacy?product=Legacy2&os=Linux%20x86_64

But first, may be you'll need to uninstall the proprietary driver and install the open source version to get your desktop again.

sudo /usr/share/ati/fglrx-uninstall.sh
sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx
sudo apt-get remove --purge xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-radeon
sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-ati
sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dri xserver-xorg-core
sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg


Try removing the configuration folders for MS Teams, under ~/.config/Microsoft/Microsoft Teams and ~/.config/teams, i.e. run something like this:
rm -rf ~/.config/teams
rm -rf ~/.config/Microsoft/Microsoft\ Teams


Is it possible to change the color of "vt.handoff" screen at boot?

Open a gnome-terminal.
Run the following:

gksu gedit /lib/plymouth/themes/default.grub

Replace 44,0,30 with 0,0,0 (or any other color of form R,G,B with R, G, and B being between 0 and 255).
Save, close, and run sudo update-grub in the terminal.
Reboot and enjoy.


Possible cause: can't load IA 32-bit .so on a ARM-bit platform

Running Minecraft on an ARM processor is not supported, except for the RaspberryPi version of Minecraft for Raspbian. But if you want to give it a try, install liblwjgl-java, liblwjgl-java-doc and liblwjgl-jni by  and liblwjgl-java-jni

sudo apt-get install liblwjgl-java liblwjgl-java-doc liblwjgl-jni

sudo apt-get install liblwjgl-java liblwjgl-java-jni

Replace the with Minecraft prepackaged x86/x64 lwjgl files with the ARM files:

~/.minecraft/bin

jinput.jar replace with the file from /usr/share/java/
lwjgl.jar replace with the file from /usr/share/java/
lwjgl_util.jar replace with the file from /usr/share/java/

~/.minecraft/bin/native/.

libjinput-linux.so replace with the file from /usr/share/java/
liblwjgl.so replace with the file from /usr/lib/jni

useful command (cp stands for copy):

cp /usr/share/java/[filename] ~/.minecraft/bin/

adjust it to meet your needs.

Afterwards it should work, but don't expect it to be running fluently, the computer will not be powerful enough.

source of the biggest part of the answer:
Minecraft on a Samsung ARM Chromebook


ubuntu 14.04 "didn't get a playback URI on entry file:///*"

I just ran into the same issue on version 15.04 and after looking around and trying different solutions, I found a fix. Detailed at Rhythmbox doesn't add/import MP3s from ~/Music on Ubuntu Gnome 15.04

Basically, if the Rhythmbox database gets corrupted somehow, Rhythmbox "forgets" that it can load and play MP3 files, so the trick is to remove or rename the database, so that Rythmbox creates a new, uncorrupted library.

The choices that were presented on the other page were either to

Delete the database:

rm ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/rhythmdb.xml

or rename it:

mv ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/rhythmdb.xml ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/rhythmdb.xml.bak

And then start the import again.


SLAPd - TLS not working / apparmor Errors

The answer turned out to be that the instructions given in the guide I was following did not produce a usable TLS certificate.  I tested this by trying to use the generated certificate on other services (dovecot and postfix) which made them fail too.

I ended up using this guide, also from the official Ubuntu documentation to configure a self-signed CA (as suggested in the OpenLDAP documentation).  The keys/certs this creates work perfectly and I'm even able to use the same cert/key for all of my TLS/SSL enabled services.  Since this is for internal use, they are all self signed but gives me the option to make more easily.

The apparmor problem was very strange as well.  I was getting a lot of errors to do with p11-kit and pkcs11.  Doing some research I found that these seem to be tools ralted to certificates.  I added the following lines to my /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.slapd file.

/usr/share/p11-kit/modules/ r,
/usr/share/p11-kit/modules/* r,
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkcs11/ m,
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkcs11/* m,

Now the sldap server starts without a problem with TLS ready for use.

I hope this helps someone.


Problem with .deb packages on Ubuntu 16.04

This is bug #1573026. Make sure you click the "this affects me too".

  This bug has now been fixed upstream. Hopefully an update will be issued promptly.

What are the workarounds?

You can use the GDebi package manager, available in the software centre or with sudo apt-get install gdebi via the command line.

Then, to install the package, open GDebi and click File -> Open and navigate to the downloaded DEB file.

It can take a little while to add the open the package - it took around 10 seconds for me.

Then check everything is OK, and click install.

It will finish, and the program will be installed.

Or we can use the command line. While apt-get cannot install from a DEB file, all apt-get does is download the file and then call dpkg. We can do those tasks ourselves really simply.

Open a terminal and navigate to our download location with cd.

And run the command:

sudo dpkg -i FileName.deb

replacing FileName with the name of the file.

Finally, run this:

sudo apt-get install -f

This "fixes" everything - it resolves all dependencies etc.


How can we set custom image as background for desktop and login screen

A simple trick copy that pic to the background folder

sudo cp somepic.jpg /usr/share/backgrounds/

Now the perfect solution:

Make sure your wallpaper is readable by lightdm

chmod 644 somepic.jpg

Run this command:

gsettings set com.canonical.unity-greeter draw-user-backgrounds true.

This to enable unity-greeter background drawing if it's not
Run this command:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.background active true


Error: Netmask doesn't match route address

Either you should change the ip or the mask, that is:
sudo route add -net 192.168.245.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.0.200 enp2s0

or
sudo route add -net 192.168.245.2 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 192.168.0.200 enp2s0


Which server version (64-bit) of Ubuntu will be suitable (for Gazebo and Ros Simulation)?

Since the CPU does support 64-bit architecture and you have 8GB of RAM, I'd recommend using the 64-bit Version of Ubuntu. Usually you need a minimum of about 4GB RAM for 64-bit, but 8 should be more than enough.


dd image size - does it equal the size of the partition?

/dev/sda1       220G  5.8G  203G   3% /

/dev/sda1 is 220 GB in size, and has 5.8 GB used. So:

dd makes a byte-for-byte copy, so the total size of the partition matters, not what's in the partition.
Yes. It will grow to 220 GB.
You can compress the resulting image using gzip or xz:

sudo dd if=/dev/sda1 | xz > /tmp/ubuntu.image

Depends on what you call a better tool. For some tasks, a byte-for-byte copy is needed (say, data recovery from a failing disk). In such cases, dd + compression is the simplest way. If not, consider something like partimage .


Thunderbird New Mail Notification pop up Xubuntu 13.10

Well I figured it out,

Its kind of hackish, I wish I could have found a better way but this way works for now.
I am running Xubuntu 13.10 and Mozilla Thunderbird 24.2.0.

What I wanted was for a notification bubble to pop up when I got a new e-mail.

What I did was installed the extention "Fire Tray 0.4.8" in Thunderbird, which showed a Thunderbird icon in the notification area plugin in my panel. Then if you right click the icon and go into the preferences option there is an empty field that says "Launch on count change".

I wrote this python script and "chmod +x"'d it:

#! /usr/bin/python

"""
    This program is meant to be launched when
    a new message is detected by the mozilla
    thunderbird extention "fire tray"
"""

import pynotify
import sys
import getopt

# full path to the icon to be displayed in the notification bubble
ICONPATH = '/usr/share/icons/numix-icon-theme-circle/Numix-Circle/48x48/applications/thunderbird.svg'

# Time out is in seconds
TIMEOUT = 45

def sendmessage(title, message):
    pynotify.init("Mail Notify")
    notice = pynotify.Notification(title, message, ICONPATH)
    notice.set_timeout(TIMEOUT)
    notice.show()
    return

def cmdLine(argv):
    title = 'NEW MESSAGE'
    message = '{0} New Messages'.format(argv[0])
    sendmessage(title,message)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    if (int(sys.argv[1]) > 0):
        cmdLine(sys.argv[1])

then I saved it in my /home/user_name/bin/ as "mailnotify"

Then in that field in the preferences of the Fire Tray plugin I typed the full path to the script, in my case, /home/jesse/bin/mailnotify.

Works like a charm now. I wanted to just change a parameter in a config file but oh well.

Hope this helps some one else out.

(The timeout parameter doesn't seem to do much, so if anyone could correct me that would be great)


How to create shortcut on ubuntu to open a terminal with some folder?

The command to open a terminal in a specific folder is

gnome-terminal --working-directory=/path/to/folder

One can create a .desktop file containing the following details to have a shortcut for this,

[Desktop Entry]
Name=MyTerminal
Comment=open terminal in /mnt/hgfs/somefolder
Icon=utilities-terminal
Exec=gnome-terminal --working-directory=/mnt/hgfs/somefolder
Terminal=false
Type=Application

Give it execution permission, as

chmod +x /path/to/MyTerminal.desktop

It will create a shortcut named MyTerminal, now double click on it to open a terminal in your desired location.


Ubuntu not booting from CD or USB, how can I make sure OS finds my drive?

I provide that you made your USB-stick bootable and after plug-in your USB-stick ... - you need to edit Bios-settings (press key 'F2' at beginning of reboot). Disable Uefi-Bios and enable Efi-Bios. Then in Boot-Order of devices your USB-stick should be set at first place of all booting devices (hard-disk at second place). Then save edits and reboot.

HDIO_GET_IDENTITY refers to your hard-disk which is a new-brand. Though Ubuntu has mostly the newest drivers, your hard-disk is newer. You might be able to get passed this by trying a newer version of Ubuntu.


Seems to be a bug. I'll explain how to get out of it... as long as you have both US and INTL (US International) input methods available, but first...

Here's how I found it... (CAUTION: DON'T DO THIS IF YOU ARE NOT WILLING TO BE ANNOYED) First, go to US keyboard entry method, while having INTL also available. Now, hold the right Alt key, and press the shift key (tested with left-shift). Now, you are in US-International mode, and the right Alt key you are holding down, is no longer an alt key.... so when you release it, the system gets an AltGR released signal, rather than an Alt key being released. Now if you press and release Shift, it will cycle input methods.

Okay, now... to get out of that annoying mode, select INTL input method. Hold Alt-GR (Right Alt) and press Space as many times as it takes to select US input method. Then release the Right-Alt key (Alt-Gr).  Note: This MAY HAVE OTHER SIDE EFFECTS, since the system didn't get any signal that Alt-Gr was released.  I haven't noted any such side-effects, but that doesn't mean there aren't any.

To anyone who might try to fix this bug: While you're at it, please make Ctrl-Space do something more useful, such as cycling input methods in reverse, or switching to the last input method that some key was pressed in other than Shift, Alt, and Ctrl.  As it is right now, with more than 3 keyboard layouts, there is NO QUICK WAY to switch back and forth between an arbitrarily chosen pair of available input methods.  I'm using multiple input methods for DuoLingo, and it's a pain to have to press Alt-Shift Alt-Shift Alt-Shift Alt-Shift Alt-Shift to switch languages, and then Alt-Shift Alt-Shift Alt-Shift Alt-Shift Alt-Shift Alt-Shift Alt-Shift Alt-Shift to switch back, as I am asked to translate to and from a course's target language.

(If anyone doubts it's that bad, look at how many language courses I'm taking. Username DonaldKron --- and what it shows as the courses I'm taking, is actually not all of them.)


keeps asking for the CD how do I force it to stop asking for the CD

You can sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list and comment out the CD-ROM lines near the top of the file by placing a # symbol as the first character. Or you can launch the software center and edit > software sources and uncheck the cdrom as an option.


I can not password protect logging into my account

That slider is ON. See: https://askubuntu.com/questions/262242/how-to-interpret-gnomes-on-off-toggle-buttons

You need to set it to OFF and make it show ON to turn automatic login OFF.

  NOTE: When my account loads up I always get a pop up saying I have to type in my password to unlock the keyring. Not sure if that is important here.

That is something different. I deleted keyring and recreated it without a password. It does not bother me again about unlocking it ;)

edit: the color of the background of the slider changes color.


How to run "SYLT Editor" after installation?

Install via

cd
wget http://www.compuphase.com/software/sylteditor-1.1.5108.tar.gz
tar xf sylteditor-1.1.5108.tar.gz
./SYLT\ Editor\ 1.1.5108.package

after the installation is finished, the desktop file is in

~/.local/share/applications/sylteditor.desktop

or

/usr/local/share/applications/sylteditor.desktop

or

/usr/share/applications/sylteditor.desktop

depending on your installation method (with sudo password or without).

To show the executable, run the command below

grep 'Exec.*/bin/sylt' ~/.local/share/applications/sylteditor.desktop

or

grep 'Exec.*/bin/sylt' /usr/local/share/applications/sylteditor.desktop

or

grep 'Exec.*/bin/sylt' /usr/share/applications/sylteditor.desktop

SYLT editor is a 32-bit application. Therefore you have to install some i386 libraries.

sudo apt-get install libwxbase2.8-0:i386
sudo apt-get install libwxgtk2.8-0:i386
sudo apt-get install libwxgtk-media2.8-0:i386


How can I make an external USB mouse (mod. Minicute EZMouse) work with Ubuntu?

Even though minicute says that it is supported on Linux, does not mean the drivers for said device are automatically loaded. Have you tried looking in the software center for additional drivers for the minicute mouse? Some third party proprietary drivers must be downloaded and installed "manually." I find that odd, though, as that mouse looks like it functions like any other mouse...just on it's "side."


The predominant antivirus for Linux based systems is called clamav.

You install it with

sudo apt-get install clamav

However, that does not set up a graphical interface for it, nor does it enable scheduled or on-demand scanning - you have to scan manually via the command-line.

Therefore, there are a variety of other tools you can use to extend the functionality of clamav.

For starters, you may want to try clamtk which is a graphical frontend:

sudo apt-get install clamtk


Ubuntu One won't allow me to connect or add my computer to sync list

A number of users have reported issues with connecting, and there is a recommended workaround.

Open System > Preferences > Passwords and Encryption Keys.

Under "Passwords," right-click on Ubuntu One and select Delete.

Open Applications > Accessories > Terminal and run:

killall ubuntu-sso-login; u1sdtool -q; u1sdtool -c

That command should cause the Ubuntu One SSO dialog to appear. From there you can either sign up for a new Ubuntu One account or add your computer to an existing Ubuntu One account.


Prevent xchat from trying to join channels until I have been authenticated

If we're talking about freenode (this may apply to others) you can authenticate at the same time as you connect. Just set the server password as your nick's password and you'll auto-login.

You can use nick-grouping and other various cleverness to auto-ghost your old user and take it back.

http://freenode.net/faq.shtml#identify

Or you can auth connecting with any nick by using a slightly more obtuse connect string:

/connect irc.freenode.net 6667 :<username> <password>

In xchat, this means you put :<username> <password> into the server password box.


Installing california calendar 0.4.0 on ubuntu 14.04 LTS

California 0.4 requires GTK+ 3.12 or higher. Trusty has GTK+3.10. So you can not install that version in trusty. To install you must upgrade it to vivid.

Daily build for 14.04 is not available because of that. And No, there is no easy to install for 14.04 because higher version california uses some feature which is only available in GTK+ library > =3.12. Getting 3.12 on trusty is not possible either because that would be same as recompiling whole 10,000+ packages in the repo!


As the first step try this commands to add universe and multiverse repositories for some libraries:

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo add-apt-repository multiverse
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Then try this command to remove previews libraries:

sudo dpkg -r libqt5core5a libqt5widgets5

Then try to install depends libraries:

sudo apt install libpng16-16 libqt5core5a libqt5printsupport5 libqt5widgets5 libqt5x11extras5
sudo apt -f install

And then try to install virtualbox:

sudo apt install virtualbox


Uninstall pavucontrol and reset his parameters to the default configuration :

sudo apt remove pavucontrol --purge

with --purge option in order to do the reset (without it, pavucontrol configurations - which can be the issue - wouldn't be removed)

Reinstall pavucontrol like we do usually :

sudo apt install pavucontrol

Restart the computer in order to reload the sound configuration.


Are you sure you have installed it on a USB so it is persistent, or have you just got it as a live USB?


Cannot install ubuntu Kylin 32bit on mini winpad laptop

Now i ' m doing the same for a mediacom W700 winpad.
If you can' t boot at all probably is because you need a 64 bit system with a 32 bit boot/efi.Usually efi has always bootx64.efi file but in some table.Check the intel page of yours processor, are you sure it runs 32 bit system?For boot with a linux system (or any system for example android) do this:

Download the iso, i' m trying lubuntu (lightweight version of Ubuntu) becasue the tablet has only 1GB of ram and so it isn' t really powerful.
(Optional) Make a backup of your tablet with Macrium Reflect Free or somehow, in case you run into some malfunction of the tablet with the new system. Personally i won' t do it.
Format an usb flash drive with the FAT32 mode.
Open the iso with archive manager and extract all the files in the usb. You will get an error about cannot copy symlink ignore it. Create the folder that you cannot copy.
But with some distros it might not work. Is better follow this answer to create the bootable usb https://askubuntu.com/a/376430/799907 (the required a FAT32 formatted flash drive).
There this project which create automatically a bootable iso with many options and wi-fi, bluetooth audio drivers. https://linuxiumcomau.blogspot.com/2017/06/customizing-ubuntu-isos-documentation.html
Make the system bootable for the table. Simply download the efi 32 bit
and add it to the folder with EFI/BOOT (everywhere you should be fine) in the usb flash drive.
Turn on the tablet in the bios menu (mine is got holding volume up) and choose boot from file. Choose the bootia32.efi file previoulsy added.
Install the system you will need a keyboard and a mouse. You can alternate them on your one usb free port (one is used for the usb flash drive, and you need 2 usb to usb micro obviously) or buy an OTG hub like this. Be patient when you boot the tablet, it may need a little bit of time, don 't press any the buttons while waiting.
I installed the OS but i can' t use the touch.
Follow this question for have the touch enabled Enable the touchscreen of a Mediacom WinPad W700
For other hardware issue this question Enable the speakers,microphone and camera (not solved yet).

I hope that they add support for table in the official release of the kernel.


You can use Deja-dup for this. If you want to just backup all of your files, then you just have to set Deja-dup to backup your entire system. Make sure the Deja-dup does not backup your backup location or it will run into problems. If you are backing up to an external hard drive it will probably be mounted under /media/$USER.

I would recommend creating a system image because it saves all of your partitions and can be used to do a full system restore. It is common practice to do small backups of your home directory every day and then every week create a new system image. This way if your system gets breached, you can just restore a previous system configuration without worrying about your system getting screwed up.


What are the different terminal emulators available in Ubuntu?

I have found the answer here. May the way I asked the question was little confusing. I was actually looking for terminal emulators. But before I read this, I never knew that there are emulators exist for terminal.

There are a number of terminal emulators available for Linux and so for Ubuntu which give more usability based on your application. Usability in the sense, for example, there is a terminal emulator which shows the thumbnails when you list the files under a directory using ls command. There is another terminal emulator called Terminator in which you can split your window horizontally and vertically o that you can evaluate all you activities in the same screen without switching the tab.

The one I prefer for my application is Terminator as I have to perform more than one processes on my terminal, like I have to run a scan on a server and at the same time I want to edit a file using vim. I can see the scanning on my right side and at the same time I can edit the file also. Thumbs up!


Can't access MAAS Web UI after installing

For anyone else running into this problem:

Installing through apt doesn't seem to work on Bionic. Instead, try:

sudo snap install maas --devmode

After doing this and running sudo maas init, I was able to access the web UI.


How do I replace corrupted /etc/inittab and /etc/init.d/rcS files?

$ ls -l /etc/inittab
ls: cannot access /etc/inittab: No such file or directory

So there is no inittab in my installation.

$ ls -l /etc/init.d/rcS
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 117 2011-07-14 07:11 /etc/init.d/rcS

$ cat /etc/init.d/rcS
#! /bin/sh
#
# rcS
#
# Call all S??* scripts in /etc/rcS.d/ in numerical/alphabetical order
#

exec /etc/init.d/rc S


Acer Aspire One AOA110 randomly hard blocks WLAN0 - How to stop it

Firstly, ensure you're using the most current bios.  Secondly, I'm presuming you've set rfkill to soft-unblock the device.  Thirdly, I'm presuming you've purged hal from your system (which would be the default state if you did a fresh install of Lucid or Maverick).  Fourthly, have you filed a bug against the linux source package with ubuntu-bug linux ?


How to align desktop icons with consistent icon sizes and short file names?

you can align/save/restore the desktop icons on 14.04 if you are using nautilus as your file manager ... There is a script/app to do this .. Just download Happy Desktop at gnomefiles.org. The script can align the desktop icons to a grid that you define by setting the number of icons per row and icons per column you would like for your desktop. You can fine tune the spacing by adjusting the left and top margins of the "grid" .. and you can fine tune the grid width/height to your liking.

The icon positions are then adjusted to the nearest grid points. It's free!


Tamil font issue in Ubuntu touch phone (running Ubuntu 14.10 r15)

Try to install the ttf-tamil-fonts package rather than the language packs.


Why doesn't LO/OOo look completely native?

It's not using the standard GTK-toolkit - I think it has its own kit... The differences are subtle and many people doesn't seem to notice. But I think it's butt-ugly :/

Even with openoffice.org-gtk and openoffice.org-gnome
installed.

You can try with a different theme in ubuntu to remove thick black lines though. It's an Ambience glitch.


Would I benefit from reducing, or increasing swappiness?

Well, Swap is used to increase the amount of Virtual memory the system has, but it's only of use if you max out your RAM.

It uses a chunk of the Hard drive as RAM, but since it's not proper physical RAM it's slower than actual RAM, the transfer rates of a hard drive are slower than those of RAM.


What do the STAT column values in ps mean?

man ps has all the answers, under the "PROCESS STATE CODES" heading:

PROCESS STATE CODES
       Here are the different values that the s, stat and state output specifiers (header "STAT" or "S") will display to describe the state of a process:
       D    uninterruptible sleep (usually IO)
       R    running or runnable (on run queue)
       S    interruptible sleep (waiting for an event to complete)
       T    stopped, either by a job control signal or because it is being traced.
       W    paging (not valid since the 2.6.xx kernel)
       X    dead (should never be seen)
       Z    defunct ("zombie") process, terminated but not reaped by its parent.

       For BSD formats and when the stat keyword is used, additional characters may be displayed:
       <    high-priority (not nice to other users)
       N    low-priority (nice to other users)
       L    has pages locked into memory (for real-time and custom IO)
       s    is a session leader
       l    is multi-threaded (using CLONE_THREAD, like NPTL pthreads do)
       +    is in the foreground process group.


Can't import gadu gadu contact list from server

sudo apt-get install telepathy-sunshine.

Restart empathy and then go to preferences of your GG and check export contacts.


What is the best way to increase my Ubuntu partition?

It seems that you have this worked out perfectly already:

move some files from sda2 to sda3 to free up some space,
shrink sda2,
move and extend sda4 to the left, because it holds sda5 and needs to be extended first,
move and extend sda5 to the left.

“Moving Space Between Partitions” basically performs steps 2–4 in reverse, if you want a more detailed and credible source.

Warning: back up the data on sda2 and sda5 if you value it! Shrinking and moving around file systems is relatively risky and can leave them corrupted and their data inaccessible.


If you are in ubuntu trying to unmount the system partition, you'll have trouble.

You need to do so through a livecd or liveusb - the one you used to install ubuntu has gparted. Boot with that to work with the install.

Be aware that once you have partitioned and installed windows you will need to reinstall grub.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2#Reinstalling_GRUB2

Once you have resized the system partition to allow for windows I would check that the UUID has not changed.

Run the following command before and after you run gparted then compare the UUID's.

sudo blkid

If the partiton which has Ubuntu on has changed you will need to edit fstab.


I managed to resolve this issue. The first step was to fix grub such that I could boot into recovery mode. I did this using an Ubuntu 12.04 LiveCD, as outlined here:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RecoveringUbuntuAfterInstallingWindows

I used the graphical method (boot-repair).

Once grub was repaired, I rebooted my computer (removing the LiveCD), and booted into recovery mode (from the grub menu, I selected advanced boot options for ubuntu, and then the recovery mode for the most recent kernel version (the second option from this menu)).

From recovery mode, I selected the "network" option to enable networking. This took about 5 mins or so to actually connect to the network, and wasn't very obvious that it was actually working. Once networking was enabled, I selected the "root" option to drop to terminal. From here, I ran the following command:

apt-get install nvidia-current --reinstall

Which reinstalled my graphics card driver. I also reinstalled lightdm (apt-get install lightdm --reinstall), although I'm not sure as to whether or not this was actually helpful.

At this point I rebooted the computer with the command reboot, and everything was back to normal.


You're using up all your RAM (and I assume swap, if you have any) and then the computer is crashing? I think the solution is pretty simple. You've got  few choices that all revolve around the same core concepts:

Use less RAM. Find more efficient applications, use fewer tabs, etc.
Get more RAM. It's cheap and simple to install.
Allocate more (or some if you don't have any) swap to allow the kernel to page RAM to disk (very slow!)

A Kernel panic is a crash that the Kernel can't continue execution from. It does everything it can to shut down devices and flush disks but apart from that, it's stuck and needs rebooting. Consider it a blue screen of death, just not blue.

They're usually hardware related because the Kernel is pretty good at protecting itself from software exceptions (for security as much as anything else). Hardware faults are unforseeable.


I think that the quotes are unneeded. Try:

#!/bin/sh
gnome-terminal --execute /usr/bin/ssh user@myserver.net


nvidia GTS 250 on ubuntu desktop 14.04 Cannot set resolution

So I was able to find a fix for this issue. I opened xorg.conf file. Found my monitor with "unknown vendor" and set VertRefresh and HorizSync to the right parameters. After reboot I was able to choose the right resolution for my monitors in display settings.

The setting for 1280x1024 are:

HorizSync       31 - 81
VertRefresh     56-75


installing a wildcard Certificate on a subdomain running on ubuntu

Do not change  000-default.conf, but use default-ssl.conf, which should be there is you enabled ssl.
In that sample file default-ssl.conf you will find many SSL parameters.
ServerName is the name of your webserver for ssl usage (like: exmple.com).
Enable the site default-ssl. etc.


How do you install Epson ET-2550 drivers in 17.04?

It appears that the drivers are at this location if you simply put the model number in the product name box and choose linux as the operation system, also, a package named lsb is required, which should be available by first enabling the universe repository and then issuing the command sudo apt-get install lsb - running apt-cache policy lsb indicates that version 9.20160110ubuntu5  is available for installation in Ubuntu 17.04


how to add .sh file or path to .profile to run my app?

It is not clear from your post, whether you want to add PATH to the executable dart or to the parameter main.dart.

For the first one, just export the PATH.

For the later, do you want to execute like: dartparamter should get expanded to dart $HOME/.paramter/bin/main.dart?
In that case you can write a small macro/function in your ~/.bashrc:

function mydart()
{
   nomse="$1"
   /path/to/dart "$HOME/.$nomse/bin/main.dart
}

Then on terminal call mydart nomse.


Added graphics-drivers ppa, but no packages appear

It turns out that the package nvidia-driver-396 can be installed to get the 396 drivers. However, it's much easier to go into Software; in the menu, under Software and Updates > Additional Drivers, you can install nvidia-driver-396.


In the end the solution was to use the NetworkManager GUI to share the eth0 interface to other computers.

edit: I did everything stated in my initial post, and then the solution was to startup the network manager and to change the ethernet connection to "Shared to other computers". You can do this by doubleclicking the ethernet connection, select tab "IPv4 Settings" and then change the Method. Save.
If your NetworkManager does not state any ethernet connection, just click "Add" and add one.


Ubuntu Server, Third Party Package Install

On your computer, go to the website where the .deb file is located, right click and select copy link address on the download link/button. Then, on your server, run

wget link

Or, if you have cURL installed:

curl -O link

The file should now be in your local folder.
If the file is compressed, simply uncompress it with:
If it's a zip file use

unzip file.zip

Otherwise, it's probably a tar file, so

tar xzvf file.tar.gz

Next, all you have to do is install the package, which can be done with

sudo dpkg -i filename.deb

Before you install deb files, be sure to check if you can install from a repository first, as then you just use

sudo apt install package


Is Lenovo Ideapad gamming 3 15ARH05 Support Ubuntu 18.04 Installation?

Sanjay,
This model is to new for Ubuntu  ....
for more info/details see 9to5linux[.]com/best-linux-distros-for-the-lenovo-ideapad-gaming-3-amd-gaming-laptop
Besides the touchpad also the wifi disappears


Firefox 65 hangs on asking about saving downloads

For me, this ended up being an issue with Firefox 65. It was tracked in Bug 1517101 and fixed in Firefox 66 (released very recently). I would double check that you're running on Firefox 66 and retest. Hopefully you're experiencing the same problem in that bug.


Yes, at least on my machine.

Install Steam and buy the game.
Force the use of Proton.
Configure the Launch Options (from here, step 4):
PROTON_NO_ESYNC=1 PROTON_USE_WINED3D=1 %command%
Install the game.
Start the game -- may download additional dependencies (e.g. Proton).


The problem is with the version of libc6 that you have. Dante is apparently looking for version 2.33, which is available in Ubuntu 21.04 (not 20.04).
You could try removing the dante package, with
sudo dpkg --remove dante-server

Then...
There is a version of dante server in the standard repositories.  I do not know if this version (1.4.2) has some features that you need, but it is compiled for Ubuntu 20.04


This happens because apport fails to see the parent package of the failed executable file. apport, which is Ubuntu's problem reporter, watches every problem in Program execution.
When a program crashes, apport is triggered to find the program (It watches for the programs execution constantly, unless you disabled it) which indicates Abnormal program termination. It finds the executable file which has crashed and search for the system for package that includes this executable file. When It fails to find a parent package containing that executable file, (in dpkg's database) It shows that error, saying "The report belongs to a package that is not installed."
For example:
I uses a program for my Wimax modem, called wimaxc (which is not installed by any package manager). It sometimes fails and apport also fails to find the parent package of the executable file, /usr/bin/wimaxc, hence , It shows that error message.
To find the parent package of an executable file:
If you want to find the parent package of an executable file, for example /usr/bin/gnome-terminal type the command below in a terminal:
dpkg -S /usr/bin/gnome-terminal

It will give you an output similar to this
gnome-terminal: /usr/bin/gnome-terminal

Here, gnome-terminal is the parent package of the file /usr/bin/gnome-terminal.
Note: Whenever you installed a package, it is listed in the dpkg's database. So, if you use a program, not installed by the package manager (such as apt-get, synaptic, aptitude or Software-Center), apport will always fail to find the parent package, when it crashes, because their is no parent package


USB copy of 32 bit Ubuntu 14.04 does not boot Thinkpad r50e in Try option

Welcome to Ask Ubuntu! You don't have very new hardware, so why not try Lubuntu 14.04.1 LTS?

Lubuntu is the Low memory Little brother of the full-blown Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS (Long-time Support)

If you do try it out and run into problems using that, just post a new question with "Lubuntu" in the title as there are more users like you around here trying to get the most out of their hardware.


Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and VMWARE Player (ver 4, 6, 12) all fail

I'm running the current version of VMWare (12) and Ubuntu 15.10 quite well together.  There is a very small patch which needs to be added to the VMWare launch programs.  That can be found at this answer


Cannot get Ubuntu to dual boot with Windows 8

FYI, I figured it out. For some reason, when I tried to install Ubuntu under Legacy mode, it wasn't recognizing the partition I made in Windows. I had to go back into Windows, delete the made partition, and re-partition my hard drive. Then I had to install Ubuntu under Legacy mode, and repair the boot record to boot under EFI mode. Finally, I got it to install (but I had to do some other troubleshooting). Thank you for all of your help, Jbuch14! I really appreciate it!


Win8 won't open after instaling Lubuntu 14.04; infinite loop in GRUB

That's a very common problem ..
In fact, if you had Lubuntu already installed, and then installed Windows 8, that'd render Lubuntu unbootable!
I'll provide solution for both cases, though ..

For Windows after Ubuntu:

  You simply need to re-download the ubuntu image or use the one you've downloaded if you haven't deleted it like you'd probably do ..
  Then you have to boot to ubuntu using a flash drive ..
  From there, fix grub ..

For Ubuntu after Windows:

  You can do this from Ubuntu first, just to make sure you tried ..
  You have to use the rescue disk or the installation disk using the repair option ..
  Then, repair bcd and bootloader from commandline ..
  You're done !


With a little head banging I have been able to solve this problem...The trick is to send the email in the URL without the quotes...Example:

http://10.1.1.11/sendEmail.php?email=toemail@gmail.com

NOw the email in here is without the quotes... Now the mail() function in PHP will work with ssmtp, but the database queries wont. For database queries to work with the variable the email will be stored in, you just have to add single quotes around it...Cheers!


I have solved this problem by changing a new USB drive. It seems there is some problem with my former USB drive


Batch rename of video files after finding its resolution height

This simplistic example should get you started:
#!/bin/bash

if [ ! -d "650+" ] && [ ! -d "649-" ]; then
  mkdir "650+" "649-"
fi

for f in *.mp4
do
height=$(ffprobe -v error -show_entries stream=height -of csv=p=0 "$f")
if [ "$height" -eq 1080 ] || [ "$height" -eq 720 ]; then
  mv "$f" "${f%.*}_$height.${f##*.}"
fi
if [ "$height" -lt 650 ]; then
  mv "$f" "649-"
else
  mv "$f" "650+"
fi

done

As you can see the logic isn't perfect because it only moves videos with a height less than 720 px into the appropriate directories, but it shows the basics. (Ran out of time to make it better due to a pending meeting.) Also, it's not recursive. Wasn't sure if that was a requirement.
Also see:

Getting width x height with ffprobe
Bash parameter expansion - helpful for renaming
Bash comparison operators
ShellCheck - to check for script errors and to provide suggestions


I found a fix without any throwbacks!

It's sufficient to start chromium with the flag --disable-gpu-vsync and the problem completely goes away.

It's possible to make chromium start with this flag by default, just execute this command in the terminal, restart chrome and the issue will be gone forever:

sudo sh -c 'echo "CHROMIUM_FLAGS=--disable-gpu-vsync" > /etc/chromium-browser/customizations/10-gpufix'


Ubuntu Graphics Driver / Screen Resoloution Problem

First maybe try to "Detect Display" in GUI in top right corner icon
go to:

Goto Ubuntu Menu: System -> Preference -> Display

If this autodetection does not work I suggest you to read Wiki page
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Config/Resolution#Dynamically_testing_different_resolutions

Here you see xrandr command and some examples like:

xrandr --output VGA1 --mode 1024x768 --rate 60

BTW You should also mention which Ubuntu you are using as from version 13 they got new
GUI.


Try Pointing Devices

sudo apt-get install gpointing-device-settings

It contains a nice GUI for changing touchpad settings like sensitivity, min/max speeds and palm detection.


If you only want quick access to a certain directory in Nautilus and the file dialogs, you can also use a bookmark of course...

Anyway, there is a FUSE filesystem named bindfs (`sudo apt-get install bindfs) that probably does exactly what you want.  For example the following:

bindfs -n /media/USB-HDD-01/ISO/ /home/johnc/ISO-images

would result in ISO-images to show up as a mounted filesystem in the Places sidepanel in Nautilus.  The -n is required because otherwise bindfs tries to use the allow_other FUSE option, which by default is not allowed for regular users (if you use bindfs in /etc/fstab this is not a problem).

The first directory you give is the existing one, the second directory you give is an empty directory under which the contents of the existing one will appear.

To unmount, use:

fusermount -u /home/johnc/ISO-images

PS: Nautilus (the file manager) will show mountable/mounted filesystems, not drives, but I assume that's what you were looking for.


Developer tools doesn't show-up in google-chrome on my Ubuntu machine

Try pressing the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Shift+I to show the Developer tools pane in Chrome.


Using bash, in the Analysis folder, use a simple for loop:

for f in */*/*.nii
do
    flstats "${f##*/}" -M
done

*/*/*.nii will expand to Patient_01/Brain/image_patient_01_merged.nii, etc., and ${f##*/} gets just the filename image_patient_01_merged.nii from that.


I had the same problem.
Try to manually add the printer with connection (DeviceURI) socket or ipp. In my case it works.


How to inspect and validate a deb package before installation?

Use this:

dpkg-deb --info <deb file>

Prefer to use apt if you need them to be signed.


Contrary to Alcuin's answer the architecture has been an issue in the past. It was also discussed in What are the differences between 32-bit and 64-bit, and which should I choose?

Quote:

  Basically, it's like giving up 30% of your RAM in exchange of possible gain of 10% CPU speed.

If you don't have plenty of RAM to waste, then  32-bit might be a better choice, there are 2 problems though:

The 32-bit architecture will be phased out in the next years.
Browsers like Firefox and Chrome have dropped support for 32-bit (at least they don't provide 32-bit Windows installers anymore) and more packages may follow.

I strongly recommend to upgrade the RAM if you want to use such a computer today and a few years more. In your case you probably need DDR2 SO DIMMs which are still sold on Ebay (for a comparably high price considering the amount of RAM you get). 2GB is the absolute minimum, 3 or 4GB are better, if the computer supports it. An SSD might help when swapping happens and minimize the problem that you don't have a lot of RAM for caching.

Basically I consider such a computer to be unusable without upgrading the RAM. On the other side a family member has a low powered AMD laptop with 4GB RAM, an SSD for Ubuntu and Windows 10 on HDD from 2009 which still works.


Where can I find the pkcs11 library for armhf?

As you can see in the PPA's package list, there's only i386 and amd64 packages available.

You can contact the PPA maintainer to request building armhf packages.


How to unload a kernel module which is in use?

First, find out, which other modules use the module sdhci:

lsmod | grep sdhci

You will get a list like this:

module size used_by

Try unloading these modules (used_by) before or together with the module you want to unload:

sudo modprobe -r <module found from lsmod> <module you want to remove>

If you want to prevent the module from loading on the next boot, add it to the blacklist:

echo -e "sdhci\n" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf


Turn off Alt+Right shortcut on ubuntu 18.04

Hello this is a confirmed bug in launchpad[1] due some recent updates. Until the fix you can run this command in console to prevent that behavior:

sudo kbd_mode -s

[1] https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/console-setup/+bug/520546


Icedtea in Chrome won't load java applets

I used to have this bug, and what I did was activate the plugin. Go to chrome://plugins whilst using chrome and then activate the appropriate plugin(s) for java.

Thanks, mjchopperboy


Problems with shutdown from command line

Try to do  sudo shutdown -h now.

Also, man shutdown should be helpful.


Why does 'top' say my machine is only 50% idle?

At the time of that measurement your system was idle 99.4 % of time.

  Cpu(s):  0.7%us,  0.0%sy,  0.0%ni, 49.7%id, 49.7%wa,  0.0%hi,  0.0%si,  0.0%st

According to the manpage of top, wa stands for iowait:

  wa  --  iowait
  Amount of time the CPU has been waiting for I/O to complete.

Although the CPU is waiting for I/O to complete, it's not in use and can be considered idle.

The question is: Why is there such a high iowait value, when iotop doesn't show any disk activity? This can be caused for example by disk drives that are about to fail or some other issues with local or remote mounts. I suggest checking your disks with the Disk Utility and looking for I/O related messages in the output of dmesg.


Is it possible to avoid executing make and make install with sudo?

It's always possible to compile software "locally" under your own home directory - how easy it is to install and run locally depends on the software's developers.
For opensource software that uses the familiar automake recipe of
./configure
make
make install

the configure script should normally provide a --prefix option that sets the root of the installation path - for example
./configure --prefix=$HOME

will cause generated binary files to be installed to the invoking user's ~/bin, libraries to ~/lib, configuration files to ~/etc and so on. The directories will be created automatically if the do not already exist.
In the particular case of the gimp resynthesizer plugin however, the make install step apparently still tries to install a couple of files to $(GIMP_LIBDIR)/plug-ins, where GIMP_LIBDIR = /usr/lib/gimp/2.0 is hardcoded instead of derived from the --prefix value.
This may be an oversight by the software's maintainers, or may be for compatibility with GIMP itself. However you can overcome it by modifying the recipe as follows:
./configure --prefix=$HOME
make
make GIMP_LIBDIR=$HOME/lib/gimp/2.0/ install

which should result in the following plug-in directory structure:
$ find ~/lib -newermt yesterday
/home/username/lib
/home/username/lib/gimp
/home/username/lib/gimp/2.0
/home/username/lib/gimp/2.0/plug-ins
/home/username/lib/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/plugin-map-style.py
/home/username/lib/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/plugin-heal-transparency.py
/home/username/lib/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/plugin-resynth-enlarge.py
/home/username/lib/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/plugin-render-texture.py
/home/username/lib/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/resynthesizer
/home/username/lib/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/resynthesizer_gui
/home/username/lib/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/plugin-resynth-sharpen.py
/home/username/lib/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/plugin-uncrop.py
/home/username/lib/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/plugin-heal-selection.py
/home/username/lib/gimp/2.0/plug-ins/plugin-resynth-fill-pattern.py