How many years of support I would get if I install multiple desktop environments?

Is not something that can be accumulated or subtracted from. If you install for example Ubuntu, Kubuntu, Lubuntu, Xubuntu....Somebuntu...Anybuntu. Each will get the support they offer for the time they offer for that particular version (Including Desktop Environments, Libraries and any other core part of the distribution).
So you would get 5 years for an LTS of Ubuntu/Kubuntu/Xubuntu....
And you would get the years/months set for a non LTS version.
When the time comes, the versions or distributions with less time will simply stop receiving updates. This is what is called an EOL (End of Life) Support. For example, if you had right now the following Ubuntu versions:

Ubuntu 8.04 Server (Gnome)

Lubuntu 10.04 Desktop (LXDE)

Ubuntu 10.04 Server (Gnome)

Xubuntu 11.10 Desktop (XFCE)

Looking at the image, when May 9th comes, all versions except Ubuntu 10.04 Server will still get updates. You will stop receiving any updates of any kind, including Desktop Environment updates. The rest will simply enter their EOL time, meaning they will not get any new updates (Except in very rare, security related cases and even then it is very rare indeed).
Now let me show you another case. You have 10.04 LTS. And you install LXDE, XFCE, Gnome, Gnome3, Gnome4, Gnome5, Unity 2010 Elite Edition, Wayland Super Mario version and any other Desktop Environment you can get your hands on for the 10.04 LTS version. When May 9th comes, they will all stop receiving upgrades. 10.04 will simply enter the EOL support. This is why, many times, Ubuntu developers recommend to upgrade, so you can get all the benefits of new kernels, new drivers, new hardware support, new fixes and technologies, etc..
Checking your edit  in the question out:

If I install Ubuntu 12.04 LTS I will get:
Linux kernel + core stuff + Gnome3 + Unity => 5 years of support.
If I install Lubuntu 12.04 I will get:
Linux kernel + core stuff + LXDE => 6 months (?).
So I install Ubuntu 12.04 first, I have:
Linux kernel + core stuff + Gnome3 + Unity, then I remove Gnome and
Unity, then do an apt-get install lubuntu-desktop. So I will have
Linux kernel + core stuff + LXDE again. Now would I have 5 years
support time because I installed the Ubuntu LTS first or just 6 months
because I cannot cheat the system?

In all cases, you are still sticking with 12.04. Does not matter which Desktop Environment you use, you are still staying with 12.04, which means you will still get 5 years.
The years of support are not based on Desktop Environment in use, Specific libraries or any apps installed, they are based on the Ubuntu version and if it is Desktop or Server Edition.
If you install Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, remove Unity and install LXDE/Gnome 3/XFCE or any other, you will still get updates for other parts of the system. Not only that, but if there is any security issues related to the DE, you will get that also even if the support time is gone, as long as you stay with an LTS. The only thing you will not get is a version upgrade for them. Like going from Gnome 3.6 to 3.8.
I would also like to add that if you are going to be changing the DE, then there is less of a need to stay in an LTS. Upgrading the version every time a new comes out is the best choice for you. This way you get the latest DE, drivers, libraries and core updates. LTS are more oriented toward servers and users that do not want/like to be changing version or simply want a long support without changing their system so much (Because they want stability over customization). If you like to test out each DE, I would recommend sticking with the new version each time it comes out.


OK, so I found it on my own. For all of those that have the same issue. Ubuntu 10.04 uses rsyslog and the default file is:

/etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf

If you want to disable postfix logging just comment out the lines associated with "mail", the file is pretty self-explanatory.


It turns out that the solution is to stop all the services and solve the “Another daemon is already running” issue. I am assuming that you have installed it as in /opt/lampp/lampp

The commands you can try to solve the issue are as follows:

sudo /opt/lampp/lampp stop
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 stop
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop

You can also type instead:

sudo service apache2 stop
sudo service mysql stop

After that, we start again the lampp services:

sudo /opt/lampp/lampp start

Now, there must be no problems while opening:

http://localhost
http://localhost/phpmyadmin

Hope it will work..Answer could be more accurate if I would be able to have that attached screen short that you have not uploaded other then just caption.


Is it possible to store user's home directories remotely?

There are several software solutions designed especially for those task, but I can suggest a simple ad-hoc solution:

On server, create a single grand /home directory and share it by NFS.
On each client, move following files so that they, too, reside in NFS and share between PCs.

/etc/passwd - user account information less the encrypted passwords
/etc/shadow - contains encrypted passwords
/etc/group - user group information
/etc/gshadow - - group encrypted passwords

Mount NFSs at boot on each client.

However, the problem is that some quirky PAM tricks do not play along with shared user settings. Those are the cases when you need a specific software.


unable to see 12.04 upgrade listed in Update manager

Make sure that you have a  Backup of everything you absolutely can't afford to lose.

Then just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Then see if you have the option to upgrade to 12.04.  If not then

do-release-upgrade -d

Update: if the above gives you trouble, try:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

sudo apt-get install update-manager-core

do-release-upgrade -d


I`ve got some problems with new Acer Aspire S3

1) Bluetooth works with kernel patch
2) Brightness needs lines in /etc/default/grub

    pcie_aspm=force
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="quiet splash pcie_aspm=force i915.i915_enable_rc6=1 acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor"

3) This problem calls "Screen Tearing". New intel video drivers will probably fix this.

Very similar laptop is Asus Zenbook UX21/31... It uses similar wifi/bt module...


Security bug when switching user account

I found the solution in another thread:
Unable to lock screen after upgrading to 12.04

Sometimes, after upgrading to Ubuntu 12.04, the Lock Screen functionality stops working. The likely problem is that gnome-screensaver has been uninstalled. Just do on the terminal

sudo apt-get install gnome-screensaver

If you want to read more, can look on this link


Error: ‘is_same’ is not a member of ‘std’ when build c++ project in ubuntu?

std::is_same is a C++11 feature. Ubuntu 12.04 has GCC 4.6.3, which has only incomplete C++0x (not yet C++11) support. You can try by specifying the standard:

g++ --std=c++0x ...


See
A User’s Guide to the Z-Shell
Peter Stephenson
2003/03/23
paragraph 2.5.11:

The incantation ‘typeset -U
path’, where the -U stands for unique, tells the shell that it should not add anything to
$path if it’s there already. To be precise, it keeps only the left-most occurrence, so if you
added something at the end it will disappear and if you added something at the beginning,
the old one will disappear. Thus the following works nicely in .zshenv:
typeset -U path
path=(~/bin ~/progs/bin $path)


"Safety" key combination like ctrl-alt-del in windows to always work?

If your sysrq keys do not work anymore, you are as screwed as you could be. There is no other way out. You could try ssh'ing into the machine, in case the keyboard connection is broken.

For any other situation that is all but that severe I tend to use CTRL-ALT-F1 to bring up a text console. You can use this to login as user or as root (password will not be shown), and you can terminate processes (e.g. killall chromium), or restart services (e.g. sudo systemctl restart gdm).
Other key combinations might depend on your desktop environment, but CTRL-ALT-F* should work in almost all GNU/Linux distributions.


The '$' command outputs "command not found"

The original question listed '$0', which is a positional parameter, not a command.

To display it's value without an error you should use

 echo "$0"


How can I expand a partition into non adjacent unallocated space?

This depends on whether you installed Ubuntu to an extended partition, or if it's on a primary partition.

If primary, Ubuntu shouldn't break inspite of the warning.
If extended, Ubuntu will break (or more accurately, its bootloader GRUB will)

To fix this, you will need to boot from a LiveCD/LiveUSB and run sudo update-grub (you could possibly do this after GParted finishes, if you're already booted from a LiveCD)


I gave up as it was taking too much time - and reinstalled the system. It solved the problem.


How can I change cursor color in Ubuntu?

Open  terminal and type:

cp -r /usr/share/icons/DMZ-White ~/Documents/

This is to make a backup of the current theme. (just in case you want to reverse the changes)
Next copy the icon folder to replace the icons with this command:

sudo cp -r /usr/share/icons/DMZ-Black/* /usr/share/icons/DMZ-White/

Logout and login, there you have it, a nice black mouse cursor.

To recover the white mouse cursor, from your backup, do the following command then logout and in again:

sudo cp -r ~/Documents/DMZ-White/* /usr/share/icons/DMZ-White/


Use the following command to list the interfaces,

sudo iwconfig

Please check whether you have installed wireless adapter

To check what drivers your wireless adapter is currently using, you may run the following command:

sudo lshw -C network

lshw lists information on your hardware

-C network filters the output to only show the network class.

In the output, look for the entry with description: Wireless interface and the driver.

Alternatively, you can use the command:

lspci -nnk | grep -A2 0280

lspci lists information on your PCI connected cards

-nnk instructs lspci to output more information about these cards (including the driver being used)

| pipes the output to the next command

grep 0280 filters the output to show lines containing 0280, which is the PCI class code for wireless PCI controllers in Ubuntu.

-A2 shows two more lines of information.

If no driver is installed please follow the below link install Broadcom 802.11 Linux STA driver

1) Depending on your system download 32 or 64 bit package
from http://www.broadcom.com/support/802.11/linux_sta.php

2) Go to a terminal to the dir with package.

3) tar -xvzf hybrid-portsrc-.tar.gz
Replace version with one you have

4) Install kernel headers (eg. in fedora “yum install kernel-headers”)

5) make -C /lib/modules/uname -r/build M=pwd

if There were no errors

6) Unload Modules from memory
rmmod ndiswrapper b43 ssb bcm43xx b43legacy

7) For WPA
modprobe ieee80211_crypt_tkip

8)Check if Compiled Module is working
insmod wl.ko

Now Probably a new interface will be there for wireless (wlan0 or eth-1)
To check it run
iwconfig
iwlist scanning

AND YES !! ITS Working !!!!!

B)Making it load on boot

1)cp wl.ko /lib/modules/uname-r/kernel/net/wireless/

2)depmod -a

3)rmmod wl

4)modprobe wl

5)Add following Lines to /etc/rc.local (in openSuse /etc/rc/rc.d/boot.local)

Once it is done check whether you can able to see wireless icon.

Hope this helps!


How to not install virtualbox addition in ubuntu-server 12.04?

Virtual Box guest additions do not install per default. We do have to manually install them as outlined here:

How do I install Guest Additions in a VirtualBox VM?

In a non-GUI (server) guest we may not need the guest additions if we do not need additional features provided with them (e.g. support for USB2). Then we simply do not install the guest additions that come on an .iso image installed on the host after installing the virtualbox-guest-additions-iso package there with

user@host:$ sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-additions

When having installed the version from the Oracle repository (see this question) the guest additions .iso is installed on the host by default.

Installing guest additions is done from an install script on the .iso to compile and  insert the kernel modules provided. Mounting the .iso image can be done from their location on the host, or alternatively by installing the guest additions .iso from the Ubuntu repository with

user@guest:$ sudo apt-get --no-install-recommends install virtualbox-guest-additions

We should not install recommends in the guest to avoid installing virtualbox-ose package too.

Note that the guest-additions version from the repositories may be of an earlier version than Virtual Box when installed from Oracle. This will likely work but it is not recommended.

After having installed the kernel modules guest additions .iso can be removed from the guest OS. To uninstall guest additions from the guest we may remove the kernel modules manually, or run the uninstall.sh script located in /opt/<VirtualBoxAddtions-x.x.xx>/.


How to install WWW::Mechanize::Firefox and MozRepl::RemoteObject?

Same on my site. When I saw they were just some, but not all fails from the make tests.
I found, that this may happen:
http://www.techiecorner.com/1839/cpan-error-make-test-had-returned-bad-status-wont-install-without-force/
As it were most but definitely not all tests failed I just used a sudo cpan force install MozRepl.
Using MozRepl quite much during the last weeks and I think all sub-modles like plugins, client and log I tried work as they should.


You should check for any 'kali' sources in your /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ by grep kali /etc/apt/sources.list.d/* and if you find anything, remove it. After this update your apt again, and your problem should be fixed.

Thank you


Backspace and Shift key not working in UbuntuStudio 16.04 LTS upgraded from UbuntuStudio 14.04 LTS

You can map any key to any function using xmodmap. In your case, open a terminal and run:

 xmodmap -e 'keycode 22=BackSpace'
 xmodmap -e 'keycode 50=Shift_L'
 xmodmap -e 'keycode 62=Shift_R'

For reference, to list the full binding of your keyboard, type xmodmap -pk.

More information about this tool here.


Same sort of problem occurred on my system(i5-4570s).
And I found this page..

But I have just solved this probrem, NOW!

Just Try It!

My vga is

  00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06)

/var/log/Xorg.0.log showed fbdev modules was loaded and
 Display was detected as Single Virtual Monitor.

There are some new intel driver modules packages,
 but old xserver packages on 12.04 is not suitable to install those.
Finally, I found newer xserver package distributor.

https://launchpad.net/~xorg-edgers/+archive/ppa

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

After that, new intel driver module is loaded and
 2 displays are also detected.


Don't use hotkeys, set it in xorg.conf or a configuration utility.

Try: system settings -> displays -> detect (once it's connected)

Then you can switch your screen orientation and enable displays.


This worked just fine for me :

Open a terminal :

sudo apt-get install pavucontrol
pavucontrol

Go to configuration and set the Profile to: Analog Stereo Out

Then enjoy :)


Cache folder is missing. Create using the following command

mkdir ~/.cache/vlc


You should report it as a bug on your window manager project page, along with your dmesg output.(Assuming it's not your cable that's broken and constant reconnections triggering this... in that case, get a new cable!)
You can also try this How do I enable and disable GNOME extensions from the command line?
If you don't figure it out, or while you wait for a fix, you can use a different window manager:
sudo apt install gnome-flashback

or
sudo apt install xfce4

or
sudo apt install plasma-desktop

or
sudo apt install cinnamon

or
sudo apt install lxde

or... if you really want to get to know your system
sudo apt install wmaker

or
sudo apt install icewm

Select our window manager from the login screen by clicking on the small Ubuntu icon


what is the relationsips between ubuntu, kubuntu and kernel

Ubuntu is a Linux distribution that branched from Debian.
Kubuntu is a variant of Ubuntu with a different graphical environment (KDE)
"The kernel is a computer program that manages input/output requests from software and translates them into data processing instructions for the central processing unit and other electronic components of a computer. The kernel is a fundamental part of a modern computer's operating system." (Wikipedia) — i.e. Windows also has a kernel.


Gedit 3.8.3 only supports python3 plugins
gedit 3.8 plugins: Python loader broken
Old plugins are incompatible with Ubuntu 13.10

These three links indicate that old (Python 2) plugins will not work with the new Gedit.


Go to bios setup and change "USB 3 setup on pre-install" to Disabled.


Listing devices connected in hotspot through terminal

arp -a should return you a list of all connected devices.


How to install Ubuntu One Windows Beta on XP?

You probably need Windows Installer 4.5. This is covered in the Ubuntu One for Windows beta test FAQ which includes a link to download. https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuOne/Windows#FAQ


Unknown Filesystem Error after VirtualBox Disk resize

First, make a backup of the current disk. While it's not clear how resizing the disk would cause this, lets hope that it's a simple problem of the partition table being out of sync with where on disk your filesystems start and stop. If it's just the partition table being out of sync, then you can correct this via testdisk by following the tutorial at http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/TestDisk_Step_By_Step (stop when you get to the ntfs boot sector recovery, since that's not the problem you're trying to solve).


Is there an app for easily switching between screens?

While as of right now there's no simple menu for that, one can bind a shortcut to open the display settings.

To do so ,

go to System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts -> Custom.
Press + (plus) button to create new shortcut. You will see a popup asking for Name and Command.
Name the new shortcut and set unity-control-center display as the command. Click ok
When the popup exits, you will see a new entry with the name you set, the keybinding (on the right) will say Disabled . Click on the word Disabled and when it prompts, press the keybinding you want to use for this shortcut. Personally I've set mine to Ctrl Alt D

Once the shortcut has been set, it will be ready to use.


You can find torrent files at http://releases.ubuntu.com/precise/


Can't boot a live usb .iso in UEFI mode on Lenovo Edge-15 laptop

First, let's clear up a terminology issue that may be leading you astray (although it's unlikely to be the cause of your main problem). You wrote:

  My guess is that this means the fact that the live environment was booted in BIOS mode makes it impossible for a new kernel to be loaded and interact with the GPT, despite if the kernel supports it, and that the same problem is occurring with other distros.

The GUID Partition Table (GPT) is a disk-based data structure that defines your partitions. It does not control the boot process, although the boot process will use GPT to help it find boot files. GPT may be used in either a BIOS-mode or an EFI-mode boot, but in different ways:

In a BIOS-mode boot, the BIOS reads the first sector of the disk and executes code stored there. This code normally loads code stored elsewhere on the disk, which then loads other code, and so on until the kernel is running. Details vary with your boot loader.
In an EFI-mode boot, an entry in the computer's NVRAM (off the disk) points to a file on the EFI System Partition (ESP), which is a FAT partition that holds boot loaders and related data. The EFI runs this file as an EFI program, and this file (the boot loader) loads the kernel and executes it.

Note that in EFI mode, the boot process relies on data stored in NVRAM. This NVRAM-based data may be accessed and changed in an OS, but to do so, the computer must be booted in EFI mode; you can't change EFI boot variables in BIOS mode. These variables are not stored in GPT data structures, though; and the only relationship they have to GPT data is that they encode a partition's GUID value so that the EFI can load the right file from the right partition.

That out of the way, there's an elephant in the room:

  when I enable support for BIOS/Legacy mode booting, all linux installations can begin but they randomly crash during the installation process.

When a program or OS (especially a mature and robust OS like Linux) fails "randomly," that's almost always a sign of a hardware problem. If I had to put money on it, I'd say "bad RAM," but there are other possibilities, too, such as a bad CPU, a bad hard disk, a damaged trace on your motherboard, or a bad power supply. You might be able to work past your EFI issues, but it's very likely it won't be any more reliable than your BIOS-mode boots. If this is a new computer, you should seriously consider returning it for a refund and get another one for this reason. If it's not new, the question is whether it might have exhibited problems before now. For instance, if you're trying to install Linux because Windows was crashing, it could well be that those crashes were caused by the same bad hardware that's causing your Linux installs to fail.

Moving on to the installation issue, your steps for booting in EFI mode sound reasonable; however, you should carefully review the boot options in your boot manager (whatever key you hit to get a menu of boot options that include your USB drive). Most EFI-based computers that also support BIOS-mode booting provide two boot options for USB drives and optical discs: One includes the string "UEFI" and the other doesn't. The string with "UEFI" in the description boots in EFI mode and the other one boots in BIOS mode. To start the installer in EFI mode, you must select the "UEFI" option.

If you're doing this, it's conceivable that your firmware is flaking out on the Frankenstein's monster nature of a dd-created USB drive. If your computer has an optical disc, try that instead. If it doesn't, try using another tool to create your USB drive. Unfortunately, this can be tricky to get right, because some tools (especially older ones) lack the ability to create an EFI-bootable image. Read the instructions for whatever you use to be sure it supports EFI-mode booting. Some tools require you to select particular options to make an EFI-bootable disk. I can't be more specific than this because I don't recall the details of what I've seen; I generally use dd-created images myself.

Another option is to use my rEFInd boot manager to control the boot process. You can download several images, including ones intended to be written to CD-R or USB flash drive. rEFInd may be able to redirect into your USB-based installer; or you can install in BIOS mode and then use rEFInd to boot the installation. (EFI-mode and BIOS-mode installs of Linux typically vary only in their boot loaders, and rEFInd on a USB drive or CD-R can fill that role.)


Although it would have been interesting to know if I could have found out by system tests myself, the quick answer is: it was a hardware failure.

Why? Because the technical service replaced my motherboard. That convinces me; luckily it was still on warranty.


What does command line arguments mean in pstree -a option

Command-line arguments, in general, refers to all arguments after the name of the program being run. For example, in your command pstree | head -5, there is one argument to head which is -5.

In the pstree output, the tree consists of a root of either a pid (process ID) or init, and then the tree of children threads. For example, in your output, NetworkManager is a parent process that is running one dhclient and 2 NetworkManager threads.

Adding the -a flag also prints the arguments that were used when each process or thread was started. For example, in your output, we can see that NetworkManager was started with one argument --no-daemon, and likewise dhclient was started with several arguments.

That is all the man page means by "show command line arguments".


How to return the login screen of the original unity ubuntu?

Edit your /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf file, and make sure that the greeter-session is set to unity-greeter, so there has to be a line like the following:

greeter-session=unity-greeter


read input from a file and append that values to variables using shell

You can use the read builtin command with option -a with a loop to read each line of the file as an array. Then you can assign the value of the array elements to the variables you need (or you can use the array elements directly in your script):

#!/bin/bash

IN_FILE='./in-file.txt'

while read -ra LINE
do
        a="${LINE[0]}"; b="${LINE[1]}"; c="${LINE[2]}"
        d="${LINE[3]}"; e="${LINE[4]}"

        echo -e "$a\n$b\n$c\n$d\n$e\n"

done < "$IN_FILE"

Another way is to assign the values of each column of certain line directly to the variables. The following example uses bash function that will feed the variables with new values when it is called. The function has one input parameter, that determines which line from the file to be parsed.

#!/bin/bash

IN_FILE='./in-file.txt'

args_feed() {
        read -r a b c d e <<< "$(sed "$1 q;d" "$IN_FILE")"
}

# -----------------
# Examples of usage
# -----------------

# Parse the third line
args_feed 3
echo -e "$a\n$b\n$c\n$d\n$e\n"

# Sequential call - First iteration
args_feed $((++LINE_NR))
echo -e "$a\n$b\n$c\n$d\n$e\n"

# Sequential call - Second iteration
args_feed $((++LINE_NR))
echo -e "$a\n$b\n$c\n$d\n$e\n"

# Parse the entire file
NR_LINES="$(cat "$IN_FILE" | wc -l)"
for LINE_NR in $(seq 1 $NR_LINES)
do
        args_feed "$LINE_NR"
        echo -e "$a\n$b\n$c\n$d\n$e\n"
done

Notes:

The default value of $IFS is spaces and tabs, that is applicable in this case. For more details, please read this encyclopedic answer.
The -r option used in the both examples, passed to read command prevents backslash escapes from being interpreted.
According to the usage of sed, within the second example, read this answer.
For more examples, please see the previews version of the answer.


Here is a little script for that.

Probably you still need to adjust the window names.

#!/bin/bash

# Firefox win id
FFWID=$(xdotool search --name "Google - Mozilla Firefox" | head -n1)

xdotool windowactivate "$FFWID" --sync

# Safe dialog win id
FFDWID=$(xdotool search --name "Save as" --sync)

xdotool windowactivate "$FFDWID"
xdotool key "ctrl+s" type "save"
xdotool key "alt+s"


After upgrading from Ubuntu 12.04 to 14.04 not able to install any new package

Does this listing contain updmap.cfg?

ls /etc/texmf/web2c/

If so issue a:

nano -w /etc/texmf/web2c/updmap.cfg
Comment the following line by adding a #, like so:
#Map ua1.map
Now repair the error:
sudo updmap-sys

See the associated bug over on Launchpad


execute a file having some terminal commands

you must create a file using your favourite text editor in the following fashion

#!/bin/bash
your commands here

The first line (I believe it is called magic line) ensures that the following commands are executed in the shell.
After creating this file you have to give it executable permission:
right click on file -> properties -> permissions -> tick the checkbox at the bottom. Now by double-clicking your commands should be executed. Please note that for commands containing 'sudo', additional work is required


Unity dash - is there a command line (CLI) interface to perform a search?

Here is a script that might be helpful:

#!/bin/bash
for desktopFile in $(grep -irl "$1" /usr/share/applications/) ; do
  grep --color=never 'Name=' "$desktopFile"
  grep --color=never 'Exec=' "$desktopFile"
  echo ''
done

Assuming you saved it as "searchapps", this is what it does:

$ searchapps disks
Name=Disk Image Writer
Exec=gnome-disks --restore-disk-image %U

Name=Disks
Exec=gnome-disks

Note that there might be other folders you'd like to search in addition to /usr/share/applications.  You'd have to modify the script accordingly.


Will a laptop with hybrid HDD + SSD run Ubuntu?

Dual graphics might cause issues, but I don't know how the current state of dual graphics support (bumblebee etc.) is.

For the storage part, that hybrid HDD is probably a Seagate Momentus XT 500GB since Seagate seems to be the only manufacturer selling hybrid HDDs. The 500 model should have additional 4 GB of solid state memory that is not exposed to the operating system and works like the usual drive cache, but larger and a bit slower.

The 24 GB SSD should be a PCIe mini card module, something like this. (Update: Instead of PCIe mini card it would probably be mSATA) I would recommend installing Ubuntu onto the SSD, that would be a very good solution, since Ubuntu itself does not need a lot of storage space (3 to 6 GB). However remembering CES 2012, manufacturers were very happy to show us running a customized version of Android while Windows was booting or as some sort of battery saving mode. That 1 GB difference might be the space occupied by Android. Currently with the details of implementation unknown (signed bootloaders, UEFI, S-ON etc.) I would not bother tinkering with this. Sure there is Ubuntu for Android and Linaro (mostly for ARM based CPUs) but it's up to the manufacturers  to make this work, or at least to make it no more cumbersome as needed. So forget about that SSD for now until there are more details.

Back to the hybrid drive. Like said, the SSD part is not to be exposed, so this drive can be partitioned like usual. However I can't say how the hybrid feature works out with 2 different operating systems or how it impacts the system performance in general.

This is very likely to be an UEFI based system which varies from the traditional BIOS/MBR devices. But since this is not a Tablet running Windows 8 and UEFI support worked well since 11.10, that's what I tested, I do not see major issues for running dual boot on this device.


You can install php as usual, which will install 5.4, then use
this script to downgrade it to 5.3:

http://www.ubuntugeek.com/how-to-downgrade-php-version-from-5-4-to-5-3-in-ubuntu-12-10-quantal.html

Procedure to follow

First you need to download the shell script from above link.

Once you have php5_4_downgrade_5.3.sh file you need to change the permissions using the following command

sudo chmod 755 php5_4_downgrade_5.3.sh

Now you can run the script using the following command

sudo sh php5_4_downgrade_5.3.sh

Follow the on screen instructions
It worked on Rackspace cloud Ubuntu 13.04 today!


No internet access after upgrading to Kubuntu 18.04

Find the file /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf.
Edit and change managed=false to managed=true.
From the top-right corner select Edit Connections, and add a new connection. Specify your ip address, netmask, gateway, and the DNS server being 8.8.8.8.
Then run: sudo service network-manager restart.
Also run sudo service network-interface restart INTERFACE=eth0


You have a newer version of python-oauthlib installed from source to /usr/local/lib/python2.7 directory, which breaks API compatibility from the version that is shipped in Ubuntu 13.04. This API break causes the error you posted in your question. If you remove the version you installed from source, and rely on the system python-oauthlib package instead, then Ubuntu One will work fine.


You can use this script to solve your problem.

Open Terminal and run the following commands.

 $ wget https://dl.dropbox.com/u/8850924/fixpackage

Then give permission to the script

$ chmod +x ./fixpackage

Now run the script

$ sudo ./fixpackage

Wait for updates to be completed and errors fixed.

source

The commands in the script are:

sudo cp -arf /var/lib/dpkg /var/lib/dpkg.backup
sudo cp /var/lib/dpkg/status-old /var/lib/dpkg/status
sudo cp /var/lib/dpkg/available-old /var/lib/dpkg/available
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/updates/*
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists
sudo mkdir /var/lib/apt/lists
sudo mkdir /var/lib/apt/lists/partial
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update
sudo dpkg --clear-avail
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

so either you can run the script or just run these commands


How can I create a recovery DVD of my ubuntu installation?

Do you mean that you want to back up your entire drive so that you can restore it as it was before you sent it in for repair? Or do you want an Ubuntu installation disk with your particular set-up?

Solution #1

To back up your entire disk, the best solution is a product called RedoBackup. It is a user-friendly product, but you have to install it first. Be aware that your installation will probably not fit onto a DVD, and so RedoBackup will back up instead onto different media; the recommended medium is an external hard drive, or a hard drive on a different computer over the LAN. If you do not have an external hard drive, or access to another computer over your local LAN, this solution is not for you.

To install RedoBackup, first download it. To install to a USB stick, install UNetBootIn (if I remember correctly, it is in the Ubuntu Software Centre), and use UNetBootIn to create the USB using your downloaded RedoBackup. To burn to a CD, use the Brasero Disk Burner in Ubuntu.

As a precaution, please do your usual daily backups before you send in your computer!

To back up your hard drive, boot from the RedoBackup CD or USB (whichever one you made). Follow the instructions to back up.

To restore your computer when you get it back, book from the RedoBackup CD or USB and follow the instructions to overwrite your hard drive. Warning: This procedure will erase everything on your hard drive before it restores (which, presumably, is exactly what you want).

Solution #2

If you cannot use RedoBackup, the best solution in my opinion (others may disagree) is:

As a security precaution, back up all your data (using your usual daily backup procedure).
Create a Live CD of Ubuntu; either 12.04 if you want the LTS, or 12.10 if you want the latest.
Back up your entire home folder, including all the hidden folders.

When you get your computer back:

Reinstall Ubuntu from scratch (it doesn't take long).
Restore your entire home folder, including the hidden folders.
Install extra programs as you need them from the Ubuntu Software Centre (always quick).


Op
Thru trial and error discovered that the application, Natron, is very particular about OpenFX plugin location

Plugin bundles must go here

/home/<username>/Natron2/Plugins/OFX/Natron


Recommended method to backup Ubuntu Server

It really depends upon what your backup requirements are. Are you considering backup of entire machine, just userdata, perhaps app data, maybe mySQL data, etc?

Linux admins commonly use tools like Rsync with combination or ssh, at times for added security to do file level backups. Of course, if you have a virtual environment, maybe you are backing up whole datastores.

So, maybe the question is are you considering file-level, and if so entire OS, or just some data directories? For typical data directories rsync+ssh is really commonly seen. When it comes to mySQL, there are countless scripts on the internet to dump that data into a file, and then again, using rsync+ssh to transfer that data. I personally am a fan of NFS, and all data remains on NFS, which just happens to be backed by a SAN. I use what I preach. I work for Nexenta, and use our SAN solution for all data, and backups. Backups in my case are done on the SAN, simply using snapshots and cloning.


How to fix a mistake I made updating Ubuntu 14.04.05 32-bit server

sudo apt-get update does not change anything either by installing or uninstalling any software, all it does is refreshes the list of available software. Upgrading Ubuntu from 14.04 to 16.04 as you did could only have been initiated by a different command which you can view in the terminal by searching in your recent bash history.

A distribution upgrade does not delete any of your stored files, it just updates the installed packages so that they are compatible with the updated release. Distribution upgrades are conservative about deleting old files. Usually after a distribution upgrade you will find many files from orphaned packages that are left over from the previous Ubuntu release that can be either ignored and left in the filesystem or else deleted manually.

In order to find what version of Ubuntu you are running run this command:

lsb_release -a

In order to show the last 20 commands that the currently logged in user ran:

history 20 # instead of 20 the number can be any integer from 1 to 1000


How can I make Ubuntu 12.04 read my mobile memory ?

Sounds like you might need to mount your drive. This is a fairly general topic, so check what mounting is here and how to do it here, or search for more links on your own.


can't find my windows partition files in ubuntu

If they are on a partition? Sometimes you have to specifically mount it before you can access the files.

If that's the case, go to disks, select the partition you have your data on and then hit the little play button to mount it. from there you should be able to access things on the partition from the normal file system.


Installing Ubuntu 12.10 on Mac Mini (End 2009)

You cannot simply create a bootable USB because Macs don't use BIOS to manage bootable drives.  HOWEVER, there are ways around this.  Note that it is much more straightforward to use a DVD.

As far as compatibility.  My previous workplace had a cluster of mac minis running RHEL which worked flawlessly.  I have installed Ubuntu and Arch Linux on macbooks and imacs in the past with complete autodetected success.  You should give it a try and if something doesn't work, you can ask here; a lot of people run ubuntu on apple hardware.


It might be that the ~/.bash_history file is owned by root. If this is the case use chown as root to give the ownership to yourself.

sudo chown YourUserName ~/.bash_history


VBox Failed to open/create the internal network after upgrading to ubuntu 13.10

Try loading the kernel module (network filter driver) manually :

sudo modprobe vboxnetflt


MediaWiki's VisualEditor component Parsoid not working after switching php7.0 to php5.7

It seems I found the solution:

By installing addition php5.6 packages the problem was resolved:

sudo apt-get install libxmlrpc-epi0 php5.6-curl php5.6-gd php5.6-mcrypt php5.6-xmlrpc

I would say that problem was in missing php5.6-curl package. I think when I tested functionality of Parsoid by executing curl -L http://my.website.com:8142 and curl -L http://my.website.com/wiki/api.php I was in fact using php7.0's or other curl that was not available for Parsoid server app (now running with php5.6) so it cannot retrieved files it needed to perform the task.

Comments on the problem are still appreciated.


Please run

sudo apt-get -f install

in a terminal.


You seem to have a number of typos.  Or, if they are not typos then they are mistakes in your configuration that would partially explain why things aren't working correctly for you.  To obtain meaningful help it would be much better if you copied and pasted the file content or command results rather than trying to just type it all out in your question.

I think your basic problem is that you are not configuring the machine correctly to operate as a router.  To function as a two NIC "router" the default gateway for all traffic on your LAN needs to go to the WAN IP which seems to be enp0s3 in your case.

Also note that 10.x.x.x (and 192.168.0.0/16) IP addresses are, by definition, unroutable.  I would expect that the Internet facing subnet of a router would have a registered ip address unless it's traffic is on a subnet where all traffic goes into another modem or router.

Assuming that the mistakes I'm seeing in what you posted are indeed typos and not configuration mistakes, what you have built seems to be more of a bridge / packet forwarder than a router.  The WAN you configured looks more like another LAN subnet so I'm not surprised traffic isn't getting to the Internet.

Since you haven't installed any router software and since routers typically have at least three interfaces on them (not including the DMZ), you would be controlling all routing in your configuration through the routing table.  You would add routes with the command

route add

Simple enough to use and if you make a mistake you can remove a route with the command

route del

The man page for this command is relatively self-explanatory.
Without knowing how your computer is actually connected to the Internet I can't provide an example of a configuration that would work.

This is an over-simplification but basically, enp0s3 would be a class C IP address that is reachable from the Internet.  enp0s8 would be a subnet of your own invention (e.g 192.168.0.1/24) where the IP address assigned to enp0s3 is the default gateway.

Your routing table can be verified by typing

route -n


According to this discussion this might be due to your computer being too slow. Try disabling "Encode On The Fly":

  I had it as "Encode On The Fly" but changed it to 'Zero Compression'. Although it takes a while to encode after recording, at least now it work as it suppose to be.


Installing QtiPlot or Scidavis on Ubuntu 20.10

Both applications are outdated. To install QtiPlot we need to add special Qt4 PPA to the system:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rock-core/qt4
sudo sed -i "s/groovy/focal/g" /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rock-core-ubuntu-qt4-groovy.list
sudo apt-get update

For the QtiPlot we can adapt my existing method from similar thread using commands below:
cd ~/Downloads
wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/a/alglib/libalglib3.11_3.11.0-3_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -y ./libalglib3.11_3.11.0-3_amd64.deb

wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/q/qt-assistant-compat/libqtassistantclient4_4.6.3-7build1_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -y ./libqtassistantclient4_4.6.3-7build1_amd64.deb

wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/q/qtexengine/libqtexengine1_0.3-3_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -y ./libqtexengine1_0.3-3_amd64.deb

wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/q/qtiplot/qtiplot_0.9.8.9-17_amd64.deb
wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/q/qtiplot/qtiplot-doc_0.9.8.9-17_all.deb

wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gsl/libgslcblas0_2.4+dfsg-6_amd64.deb
wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gsl/libgsl23_2.4+dfsg-6_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -y --allow-downgrades ./libgslcblas0_2.4+dfsg-6_amd64.deb ./libgsl23_2.4+dfsg-6_amd64.deb

wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/t/tamuanova/libtamuanova-0.2_0.2-4build1_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -y ./libtamuanova-0.2_0.2-4build1_amd64.deb

wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/s/sip4/python-sip_4.19.7+dfsg-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -y ./python-sip_4.19.7+dfsg-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install -y ./qtiplot_0.9.8.9-17_amd64.deb ./qtiplot-doc_0.9.8.9-17_all.deb

Then we need to pin 3 package versions by single long command below:
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/pin-qtiplot
Package: libgslcblas0
Pin: version 2.4+dfsg-6
Pin-Priority: 1337

Package: libtamuanova-0.2
Pin: version 0.2-4build1
Pin-Priority: 1337
EOF

The main problem here is that qtiplot was not updated for long time.
For the SciDAVis the situation is better, there is fresh Qt5 port.
Please note that its installation will remove QtiPlot.
To install SciDAVis from third-party repository maintained by the author of SciDAVis, use commands below:
sudo rm /etc/apt/preferences.d/pin-qtiplot
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

echo 'deb http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/hpcoder1/xUbuntu_20.10/ /' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/home:hpcoder1.list
curl -fsSL https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:hpcoder1/xUbuntu_20.10/Release.key | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/home_hpcoder1.gpg > /dev/null
sudo apt update
sudo apt install scidavis

Note: as you see both methods are hard, so I'll recommend you to reinstall Ubuntu 20.04 LTS version from scratch and be sure to use one of these applications normally next 4 years. With your current setup one of them (or all two) may be broken on next system upgrade.


HDMI and Mini Displayport outputs not detecting external monitors on MSI GS65 running 18.04

Found a solution which happened to be pretty simple. Basically power monitor off, unplug, plug back, and then power on. Thanks to user68186 from this thread Monitor connected to HDMI port does not work.

Edit: This is a side note but it is pretty amazing how many problems overlap and one has to search all pertinent threads to be resourceful. There was an inefficiency of how I used stacks and I think this might be a general problem. Constant moderation is perhaps always needed.


How to create script for run sudo mount -a

My guess is that

//myservername/data/Departments/ /home/raspberry01/Desktop/WI cifs,_netdev,auto,rw,username=mydomianusername,password=mypassword 0 0

should be

//myservername/data/Departments/ /home/raspberry01/Desktop/WI cifs _netdev,auto,rw,username=mydomianusername,password=mypassword 0 0

The file system "cifs" is a column of it's own and the options come afterwards. You concatenated both and that would be wrong syntax.


Dragging and dropping from browser to Nautilus saves link instead of file, how to change default action?

I know it's a bit late answer, but anyway, I'll leave this here for anyone that might want to know and finds this looking for a solution.

I solved this annoying issue by switching from nautilus (default file manager of ubuntu) to caja.

I don't understand why did the ubuntu team or nautilus team this change, but it's annoying as hell to me, I have to download a lot of images some days and put the on the right folder, so this default it's a must for me.


Ubuntu 12.04 Installer Can't Detect My On-Board Network Interface

I found something that might just help you out right here on askubuntu!
How do I install drivers for the Atheros AR8161 Ethernet controller?


How to install pipelight on ubuntu 18.04?

Pipelight uses the NPAPI, which is no longer supported by modern browsers; that's probably why it was taken down.

Silverlight itself reached EOL in 2012.

You might be able to manually install the plugin with an older version of Firefox.


Setting up a local repository: need help

First question, you don't have to use apt-mirror its just for getting .deb files into your local repo. You can get the .deb by other means:

you can install the application you need on online system with internet connection then you can cop the .deb files from /var/cache/apt/archives to your local repo.
If you don't want to install you can just download the .deb of needed package by sudo apt-get dowload package-name then you can find the .deb in your home so you can move to your local repo.

Second question, you don't have to unzip the Packages.gz. Its a file containing archive of packages founded in your local repo. you have just to keep it there and don't mess with.

Third question, just move on with the link you provide and you ara fine. If you don't get the needed just check this How to create a local APT repository?. you can find many methods to make a local repo either with web server(apache2) or just a local directory.


Why does my VirtualBox VM not appear in VBoxManage list vms, but re-creation fails

From my tests you missed the --register option when creating it, so your command aught to have been:

 VBoxManage createvm --name "FreeBSD-11.1-amd64" --register

With that a VBoxManage list vms would have shown that vm. To fix that error register it with this command:

 VBoxManage registervm /path/to/file/FreeBSD-11.1-amd64.vbox

Now run VBoxManage list vms to ensure its now seen by Virtualbox


Unable to get 2560x1440 to output through DVI

I found that aiming for 2560x1440 at 30Hz instead of 60Hz works just fine.  This is consistent with @dobey's comments above that the DVI connection may only be single link.  This is good enough for me (no gaming), and text is visibly sharper than with VGA.

I followed a Google+ post by Linus to get this working: https://plus.google.com/+LinusTorvalds/posts/HQsCY7ErAL4


You could see what types of "filesystems" your system supports via:

cat /proc/filesystems

and read about them with:

man filesystems

and, respond to the ...mount: unknown filesystem type 'exfat' by changing exfat to vfat.


How to create a new file which provides filename and its source directory information

Given a structure like

$ tree sample
sample
├── sample1
│   ├── ex1.csv
│   └── ex2.csv
└── sample2
    ├── ex3.csv
    └── ex4.csv

2 directories, 4 files

you can use

$ find sample -type f -printf '%f,%h\n'
ex2.csv,sample/sample1
ex1.csv,sample/sample1
ex3.csv,sample/sample2
ex4.csv,sample/sample2

From man find, the relevant -printf format specifiers are

       %f     File's  name  with  any leading directories removed (only
              the last element).

       %h     Leading directories of file's name (all but the last ele‐
              ment).  If the file name contains no slashes (since it is
              in the current directory) the  %h  specifier  expands  to
              ".".

If you want the results in a file, just redirect the command output using the > operator e.g.

find sample -type f -printf '%f,%h\n' > filelist


Postgresql 8.2 service will not stop and uninstall

The permissions are wrong on one of your folders in your $PATH

do a

echo $PATH

and look at all your folders
mine looks like

/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games

the folders are seperated by :'s

then cd to every folder and ls -l to see permissions

if the folder is not 755 (drwxr-xr-x) then do a

sudo chmod 755 sbin/

finally when you are sure you havent missed anything run your

sudo apt-get -f install

Hope this helped everyone!


Either:

Open a terminal.
If you haven't already, enable the Canonical Partner Repository:
 sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu oneiric partner"

Install the package adobe-flashplugin.
 sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install adobe-flashplugin

Or, in case that doesn't work:

Open a terminal.

Install the Chromium Browser.
 sudo apt-get install chromium-browser

Watch the video in Chromium.
The issue here seems to be some versions of the Flashplugin in combination with Mozilla Firefox. While I was able to solve this by installing the Flash version mentioned above, this has never been a problem with Chromium.
Tested on 64-Bit Ubuntu 11.10


Ask the packaging system!

apt-cache search pyqt5

gives 66 resuts, including

...
pyqt5-dev - Development files for PyQt5
pyqt5-dev-tools - Development tools for PyQt5
pyqt5-doc - Documentation for PyQt5
pyqt5-examples - Examples and demos for PyQt5
....

Read man apt to see how to install these packages, which may solve your problem.


Encryption And Decryption during Login and Logoff

In essence, you have three main options:

Encrypt a whole drive
Encrypt your home directory (where your user-specific files are)
Encrypt a particular directory in your home directory (for example, if you want only to protect some sensitive data, but not everything).

If you did not choose option 1. or 2. during installation of Ubuntu, the simplest solution is to select option 3, or, which is far more complex, migrate your home to an encrypted directory (see this guide).

Option 3, in a simple form, creates an encrypted folder called ".Private" in your home directory, and while you are logged in, you can view your files in a decrypted form in a folder called "Private" (without a dot). To do that, open a terminal window (press CtrlAltT), and copy the following commands:

sudo apt-get install ecryptfs-utils
ecryptfs-setup-private

You will be asked first for your login password, and then for another password to encrypt the directory.

An alternative to the above is using encfs to encrypt just any directory on your disk; however, a little more command line will be necessary.

sudo apt-get install encfs

To setup a directory encrypted in /path/to/encrypted and accessible in decrypted form in /path/to/decrypted, do

mkdir -p /path/to/encrypted /path/to/decrypted
encfs /path/to/encrypted /path/to/decrypted

The first time you run it for a given directory, you will be prompted for a password and a few setup options. To unmount it (such that no decrypted files are visible), type

fusermount -u /path/to/decrypted

To mount it again ("decrypt" it), type again

mkdir -p /path/to/encrypted /path/to/decrypted


phpMyadmin showing code instead of GUI on Ubuntu

Strange, it started working by itself.I guess it needed a reboot after all installations and settings.

So , in conclusion if anyone has this issue, he should do the following :

1). purge and re-install apache2,php and phpmyadmin.

2). install php module and enable it in apache2

3). make sure in mime.conf there is configuration for php files

4). upgrade your system

5). restart apache 2 server and restart machine several times.


What is the difference between `command` and `./command`?

Running xx searches the directories listed in the PATH environment variable for a file called xx. The first executable it finds (whether a binary or a script), it executes. It does not look in the current directory, unless . is listed in PATH, which is not recommended.

Running ./xx runs the file called xx that is located in the current directory, if there is an executable file with that name there.

To run a file by specifying its location, you must include a / symbol. If there is no / in the command (actually, the first word of the command, which is what identifies the name of the file to be executed), it searches PATH for it. If there is a /, then the first word of the command is taken to refer to a specific file by location.

Thus, ./xx is different from xx because of the / that it contains.

Of course, /xx would not work properly--it would try to run a file called xx located in the root directory, /. Because . represents the current directory, ./xx runs xx there.


Why isn't launchpad building my package?

I had to import my Open PGP key into Launchpad first (and possibly sign the code of conduct too). I forgot to upload the key to hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com.

Unfortunately, Launchpad doesn't give an error message about this when uploading packages.


Bluetooth connection issues in Ubuntu 14.04 installed in ASUS F451-CA

Try installing bluez-utils it may help... and do:

hcitool inq
hcitool scan

from command line. See if it gives you information about bluetooth devices near you.


Change framerate of mp4 video without reencoding using mp4box and piping

Unless you can convince mp4box to both read the input video file from STDIN; and write the output video file to STDOUT or use some user-specified file descriptor (see mp4box's documentation), pipes do not apply. However, you could put both of those commands (or similar) into a shell script, and issue the two commands by typing the shell script's name.


Yes, all on same machine works with LXD. Yes, Landscape with MAAS/JUJU manages everything by my understanding. I too have this issue while trying to bootstrap. It appears that you cannot follow this doc through to completion.
https://jujucharms.com/docs/stable/getting-started
This is my 3rd attempt on clean builds. I really wish they would fully cook some recipes that simply work and with docs that simply work.


Realtek RTL8188CE network adapter repeatedly drops connection

You mention that you aren't comfortable compiling and installing a driver, but unfortunately you can't do this without that.  Fortunately, because of the pain I went through personally, I have made it as easy as possible for you.  I fixed the compile issues on 13.04 with the RTL8188CE driver and put detailed instructions for install up on my Git Hub.

This version fixes the compile error and also fixes the hard-coded Tx Power value that  was set to 22 dBm.

First install Git and build dependencies:

sudo apt-get install git
apt-get install gcc build-essential linux-headers-generic linux-headers-`uname -r`

Then clone the repo.  I like to make a directory in my home folder and put it there:

cd ~
mkdir gitclone && cd gitclone
git clone https://github.com/FreedomBen/rtl8188ce-linux-driver/blob/master/README.md
cd rtl8188ce-linux-driver

Then follow the instructions in README.md

EDIT: 22-Jan-2015

It is now even easier.  Install git:

sudo apt-get install git

and run this command

git clone https://github.com/FreedomBen/rtl8188ce-linux-driver.git && cd rtl8188ce-linux-driver && ./install.sh`


On 12.04 the Nvidia cards are not recognized in the display menu. You have to use Nvidia-Xserver-settings to do that.

Type Nvidia in the dash and open Nvidia-Xserver-settings.

Click on X server display configuration and then on detect displays. There you will find many more tweak options. Once ready click on apply and you should be all set.


The Real-Time clock failure is indicating that the motherboard of your computer needs to have it's battery replaced - this is a coin-type battery, available generally at supermarkets, drugstores and hardware stores.  The Dell documentation will tell you where on the motherboard to find it, and how to replace it.


Is there a Unity-like global menu applet for gnome-panel?

The only part that is handled by the indicators is the menus themselves.  The window title and the window controls are all handled by Unity itself.  So to do that specific effect you'd need to write an applet that did it.

But, there was something similar done on UNE back when it used GNOME Panel.  You might be able to use the applet there and get some of the same effect.  Or at least start you on your path.


try this link: https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/Bumblebee/wiki/Troubleshooting There is such a problem described ("[ERROR]Cannot access secondary GPU - error: [XORG] (EE) [drm] failed to open device").

It worked for me.


The Debian release notes include some good instructions on disabling holds.


How to install package from launchpad.net?

You're probably better off not adding the PPA as it might break other software versions when you run apt update, and you will likely have to use apt dist-upgrade to install them. These are specific to different versions of Ubuntu, the link you gave is to the source code packages.

I'm guessing you don't want to compile the binaries from source, so you could try downloading a more recent deb package of ssh-client. The following is experimental, so please note that trying this is at your own risk, I'm not sure what version of Ubuntu you're using, nor if the recent binaries are compatible. If you want to use a newer version of ssh-client you're better off compiling the source, but this can be very tedious if you're not familiar which is why I've provided the steps below.

Access this page.

Select the version you're after (I'm guessing amd64 if you are using 64-bit or i386 if you are using 32-bit, please check your architecture by running lscpu in the terminal if you're not sure)

Then click the link that looks like:

security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu

You can then install the package using the GUI by opening the .deb file that you've downloaded.

If the above breaks your installation, you can open the .deb file again and uninstall. Then run sudo apt install ssh-client to reinstall the default version.

Direct link to amd64 package

Direct link to i386 package


Multi-Workspace Compatible Taskbar in Unity 3D

Upon more searching, I found another answer which worked out beautifully.

https://askubuntu.com/a/77236/47004

"xfce4-panel" works great as a bottom taskbar and was quite easy to configure.


how can I record my acoustic guitar on Linux using Ardour and Rakarrak?

Can you record with jack using a generic computer mic plugged into the mic in port?  Your answer will let us know whether it is a problem with the configuration of jack or a hardware problem (perhaps your guitar's preamp isn't boosting the signal enough--or, more likely, is out of battery).

In any case, you probably won't get very good quality with this method, the analog to digital converters for the mic in line on most soundcards are pretty terrible--only intended for voice really.  You would have better luck using a linux friendly USB audio device.  I own a M-audio Fast Track Pro, and am am fairly happy with it, athough it does require a little bit of configuring to unlock it's full capabilities.


shell script works manually, but not with cron

&> is a bashism - either change the shebang to #!/bin/bash or change the redirections to

/usr/local/bin/myapp update > /home/user/myapp_sh_update_stdout.log  2>&1
/usr/local/bin/myapp run > /home/user/myapp_sh_run_stdout.log 2>&1


Ubuntu 16.04 - how to play a sound from script run from webservice, in background

Updated answer
The sound should be played at the server, but the problem is that it will only play, if a user is logged in.
I tested this in test systems of Lubuntu and Xubuntu Bionic (that I am testing anyway). I installed openssh-server and espeak (and in Xubuntu-Core and Ubuntu you need also the program package gnome-system-tools to get the program users-admin).
Then there is an easy fix:

Select Use audio devices in users-admin
Press OK.

You may need to move the window (with alt + left mouse button) to find the OK button.

Then it works while still at the log in screen to play sound via ssh and I would guess also via other web services,
ssh tester@192.168.0.10 "espeak 'Hello while still at the log in screen'"

Modify the userID and network address to match your case.
To make things smooth (with ssh) you should log in with keys, but I don't know if that is a problem with your web service.
I hope this can help you play a sound that you can hear when the tasks in the server are completed.
Original answer
Assuming ssh and the sound to be played at the client
If you log in via ssh the sound is at the server, not at the client. I guess that you want the sound to be transferred to the client.

It is possible to transfer the sound to the client, but it is not straight-forward. Maybe you will find something useful, when you browse the internet with the following search string, linux sound at client. I think I did (but did not test it).

But there is a workaround, that is simpler. Run the tasks at the server such that you can play the sound locally in your client, when the tasks have finished.

Example:
openssh-server is installed in my workstation and I can connect to it from any other computer via my local network.
Install espeak,
sudo apt install espeak

The following shellscript illustrates what happens,
ssh sudodus@192.168.0.2 \
"echo 'Who am I to do this?'| tee /dev/stderr |espeak; whoami| \
tee /dev/stderr |espeak| tee /dev/stderr |espeak;\
echo 'At which server?'| tee /dev/stderr |espeak;hostname -A| tee /dev/stderr|espeak"

sleep 1

echo 'Who am I to check this?'| tee /dev/stderr |espeak; whoami| tee /dev/stderr |espeak
echo 'At which client?' | tee /dev/stderr |espeak
hostname -A| tee /dev/stderr |espeak

This is the written output from a live drive with Lubuntu.
lubuntu@lubuntu:~$ ./tasks-at-server_reported-at-client
sudodus@192.168.0.2's password:
Who am I to do this?
sudodus
At which server?
xw8400
Who am I to check this?
lubuntu
At which client?
lubuntu
lubuntu@lubuntu:~$

If you can hear both computers, you will hear the server 'speak' and after that hear the client 'speak'. Otherwise you will hear the client 'speak'.


Reduce display brightness to zero in ubuntu 18.10

try

xrandr --output $(xrandr --current | grep ' connected' | awk '{print $1}') --brightness 0.05

You can use any setting, including 0, but zero will make your screen go completely black so I put 0.05 into the test command so you can still see your screen somewhat and increase the brightness back to normal.

And if you would like to have it as a brightness decreasing script you can use:

xrandr --output $(xrandr --current | grep ' connected' | awk ' {print $1} ') --brightness  $(xrandr --verbose | grep Bright | awk ' { print ($2 - 0.05)}')

and increasing:

xrandr --output $(xrandr --current | grep ' connected' | awk ' {print $1} ') --brightness  $(xrandr --verbose | grep Bright | awk ' { print ($2 + 0.05)}')


Try running

sudo apt-get update

then

sudo apt-get install git

If that doesn't resolve your issue check if you can install it from the Ubuntu software center.

If still facing issues head over to the github page, download zip and install.


Ubuntu Software Center does not proceed from applying changes

I had the same issue too. However, I tried the following. Ran

sudo lsof /var/lib/dpkg/lock

From there I identified the PID of the process causing my dpkg to lock. Then I did

sudo kill -TERM <PID>

Next, I did a

 sudo dpkg --configure -a

and waited for the result... after that i did a regular

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Hope it will work for you too.


How can I group the files in a directory based on their file size

To sort files by size you can use ls command with -S option:

ls -lhS

For reverse order, use -r option:

ls -lhSr

I used also -l option to use a long listing format, and -h option to print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 300KB or 129.1MB or 251MB)

See man ls for more info.


How to find file on random partions then mount that partition

That should do it

 #!/bin/bash

declare -a mounted
i=0
while read m
do
    mounted[$i]="$m"
    i=$((i+1))
done < <(mount|grep ^/dev|awk '{print $1}')

function ismounted {
    for i in ${mounted[*]}
    do
        if [ "$1" == "$i" ] ;then
            return 0
        fi
    done
    return 1
}

tmp=`mktemp -d /tmp/mount.XXXXXX`
found=""
while read m
do
    if ! ismounted $m; then
        mount $m $tmp 2>/dev/null
        r=$?
        if [ $r -eq 0 ] ;then
            if [ -f $tmp/.homemnt ] ;then
                found=$m
            fi
            umount $m
        fi
        if [ -n "$found" ]; then
            break
        fi
    fi
done < <(blkid -o device)
rmdir $tmp
if [ -n "$found" ] ;then
    mount $found /home
fi
echo $found


You need to tell us how you installed Ubuntu. If you  did a 'wubi' install 'inside' windows using the exe on the cd, then there Should be a entry for ubuntu in the add/remove program settings tool in windows.

If you booted a cd and did a normal install, then you would need to delete the ubuntu partitions, and reinstall the windows bootloader.  Then resize or repartition the hard drives to get the space back where windows can use it.


FileMaker will run under Wine.  See the Wine App Database for complete detail.

There are other option that you can use in place of FileMaker Pro.  Some of your options are: LibreOffice or OpenOffice Base, Kexi, Glom, and camelot.


Gsettings Remove Desktop Icons Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

Rather than use the command line, perhaps the GUI interface would be better:

Install Gnome Tweaks (if you haven’t done so already)sudo apt install gnome-tweaks
Open the application
Navigate to the Desktop Icons
Toggle the icons off

Changes take effect instantly.
Hope this helps.


Fix Ubuntu cannot interract after login Virtualbox

I think that you need to adjust the video settings from VirtualBox.  I know this is not a full answer but it is the only way I know to post pictures. Below you can see the settings I am using.  Adjust the Virtualization and Video Acceleration.  And adjust the kind of Graphics Controller.


How do I get GTA:San Andreas and Most Wanted to work in WINE?

The Wine application database contains information on the support status of very many Windows applications and games under different versions of Wine. When there are special instructions to follow for a specific application, they can usually be found there.

A different option is to install PlayOnLinux, which automates these special steps and tries to use the best Wine version for each application. Both GTA games you mentioned appear to be supported by PlayOnLinux, which you can install by clicking this link.


In fact jar is not an application.  It can be treated like pdf or docx or smth like that.  In detail, jar is just a set of compiled java classes and some meta information packed into zip archive with jar extension.
Can't say if there is any native way, but try to create a shell script launcher, I guess it should be treated as "normal" executable.


Few thing I would like to explain,

Nvidia Optimus is a very tricky to be worked on linux platform.

The thing you need to understand, how it works. In optimus configuration the nvdia hardware isn't connected to the output screen. Only the inbuilt graphics card is attached with the screen. So the OS never detects that there is an nvidia graphics device. (Even windows doesn't detect that, nvidia drivers installed in windows tells windows that the device is an nvdia graphics card. Try running the system rating utility in windows, the score will be always based on the internal graphics card)

Then how it works, in windows whenever the nvidia driver detects a directx call, cuda call it starts the nvidia hardware. The information is passed to nvidia card, nvidia card decode and generate the images and pass then to internal grphaics card for displaying.

So at the end, you will never see nvidia card listed in system details, it should list the internal graphics card

What does bumblebee do - If you didn't install it, in linux both graphics card stays on always leading to high temperature and battery usage and nvidia card never used as the OS doesn't know how to use it. By installing it, it disables the nvidia card, and when you required you can use the nvidia card to some extent (not fully). And it also install the nvidia driver required.

Never install driver from nvidia site for an optimus system. If you go to Addtional Details / Support tab of the download page. It is clearly written This driver doesn't support some models of the graphics card. More specifically, those driver doesn't support optimus configuration.

Installing mesa-utils is enough for detecting the internal graphics driver (mostly the internal gpu is made by intel). At this moment, I think you system is in pretty much mess. I suggest to start with a new installation. Install all updates and bumblebee. Test bumbleebee with optirun. If this works don't worry about what is shown in system details.


Just installed Wicd Network Manager and the problem is solved.


How can I allow connections only from certain hostnames (IPs may change due to dynamic DNS)?

You can do that with ip tables.

Set of commands will be something like this

clear existing chains

sudo iptables --flush
sudo iptables --delete-chain

allow loopback

sudo iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT

allow all ICMP

sudo iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT

allow established connections

sudo iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

access from home.no-ip.org and port 80

sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m string --string "Host: home.something.com" --algo bm -j ACCEPT

then rule for all incoming traffic from mobile.no-ip.org

sudo iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -s mobile.no-ip.org -j ACCEPT

allow SSH for any

sudo iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

deny all accept above rules

sudo iptables -A INPUT -j DROP

default policies

sudo iptables -P INPUT DROP
sudo iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT

save

sudo service iptables save

I'm not sure that this will work, but you can try :)
This is only example of rules and can use them like template .


Dirty workaround time: write a function into your .bashrc/ .zshrc (others might work these two are the only ones I tested) that calls realpath to get the absolute path of the input file:

function kile-open {
    kile $(realpath $1)
}

To regain the intended behavior (for one file at a time, not working with any other parameters, this can easily be improved with some bash knowledge). This is by no means a solution, just a way to mimic the intended behavior for now.


How to report a bug of default "Document Viewer" in ubuntu 14.04?

The default Document Viewer in Ubuntu is evince. Therefore

ubuntu-bug evince

You should see something like this

Click on Send and a browser window opens. Login and report your bug


Did you change the font type. If not, first install gnome tweaks and change the fonts and check if the problem is solved.
To install GNOME TWEAKS.
sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool
Then launch it by,
gnome-tweaks


Can't start, stop, or interface with SSH service

What follows assumes that the computer on which you re-installed openssh-server and from which you are sshing is NOT "Ubuntu", the machine you accessing by means of ssh me@Ubuntu.

I think that your problem is confusion about the difference between the ssh daemon and the ssh client. The ssh daemon (sshd) is the program that allows you or others to ssh into the machine that the daemon is running on. When you run sudo service ssh <whatever> you are giving commands to sshd, i.e. to start or stop or whatever.

The other piece of ssh is the ssh client. This is what you start whenever you run ssh somebody@host.name in a terminal. This is a self-contained program that connects with the ssh daemon running on computer called "host.name". For ssh to work there must be an ssh daemon running on the computer it wants to connect to but there does not need to be one running on its own computer.

What this all means is that your computer is working perfectly fine. You are able to ssh out to a remote server as long as you have networking.

In fact you should probably remove the openssh-server package from your computer as if it is not being used all it would do is be a security risk.


Stick with post-release updates driver. the experimental beta one messed up after reboot and the boot process never got to the login screen. i had to reinstall ubuntu after that.
but my experience was with nvidia.

I wouldnt do beta unless you really know what you are doing. in order to tweak things to make it work. or in a separate install for testing it.

hope this helps a little.


KVM does not recognize restart call from guest OS

You did not mention which version of Ubuntu you are using as the VM host OS.  Providing details about the version numbers of software involved makes it easier to decide on what the answer for a question is.

If you are using Ubuntu 11.04 Natty you might be experiencing a bug which was fixed in later versions.

When the Qemu/KVM process attempts to reboot a bug in KVM causes the clock to jump backwards in time a lot and that causes VM guests to fail to reboot.

See https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/795717 and https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/882579


How can I force the backlight to never turn off?

Here is a script that will move the mouse, wait 2 seconds, then move it back where it was before. This should keep your backlight on.

#!/bin/bash
#
# Required packages:
#
# xdotool
#
#

eval  $(xdotool getmouselocation --shell)
xdotool mousemove 0 0
sleep 2
xdotool mousemove $X $Y

(It requires xdotool which you can get with sudo apt-get install xdotool)

Save it as a .sh file, then make it executable:

sudo chmod +x fileName.sh

If you want to automatically run it hourly put it in /etc/cron.hourly, or follow these directions to run it more often.


There are different packages you can use for backups. I personally use rsnapshot which encapsulates rsync.

There you have some configuration-file where you can specify all your wishes.


That doesn't work any more. Just simply add a new shared wireless Network and change it;s mode in the configuration file (/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections) from infrastructure to ap


How do I prevent apt-get from upgrading packages built from source with apt pinning?

I don't know if this is the proper solution, but trying different pinning configurations, I end up made it working like this:

create the file /etc/apt/preferences.d/xcp-xapi with the following contents:

Package: xcp-networkd
Pin: release n=precise
Pin-Priority: -1

Package: xcp-v6d
Pin: release n=precise
Pin-Priority: -1

Package: xcp-xapi
Pin: release n=precise
Pin-Priority: -1

Package: xcp-xapi-debug
Pin: release n=precise
Pin-Priority: -1

From what I understand, giving it a negative priority to the specific package from the specific repository means do not bother for this package, thus keep the current version installed. If someone can explain further or provide a "more correct" solution, I would appreciate it. Thank you!


First, use this command to find your drive:
sudo fdisk -l

It will show you the disks that are on your system. Try to find your flash drive. It can be named /dev/sdc, for example.
Now try formatting the device. You can do that using Gparted (GUI) or commands like:
sudo umount *your/device*

sudo mkfs -t FAT32 *your/device*

See if it fixes.
Further, I recommend using Balena Etcher to make a bootable drive, if that was what you were trying to do.


How to install Gee Tee Dee (Lightweight Task manager)

Had the same problem. You can download the libnotify1 package here

Then run in a terminal

sudo dpkg -i filename.deb.

to install Gee Tee Dee.


Why am I not given a GUI after installing ubuntu-desktop in Ubuntu Server?

As some other commenters already noted, it seems that your X is not running. So you have different choices to make:

Boot your computer.
Login at the prompt. You can use your username and password like at the graphical login.
Now there are different ways to go:

Just type startx at the prompt. After some seconds the graphical screen will appear. You can use it like you are used to. After you log out, you will see the old prompt again. Also after your next reboot the system will show you the non-graphic prompt.
You can also run sudo service lightdm start. After some seconds you'll see the login window of lightdm. Login as you are used to. Like at the above mentioned solution at the next boot there will be no graphic window.
Edit the file /etc/init/rc-sysinit.conf and make sure there is a 2 at the line env DEFAULT_RUNLEVEL=2. Save the file and either reboot or choose one of the above mentioned options.

With the last option your system should boot into graphical mode at every time.


Remove Ubuntu from SSD and Install Windows 10

You don't need anything once you have bootable windows usb.

boot from your usb and then at this point during installation, detele all the partitions. This will give you a big unallocated space where you can install windows.

There is no need to care about partitioning tables (i.e GPT or MBR). Windows installation will take care of it.

Note: This image is just for showing the option of deleting a partition. Your actual partition size will be different. It will have a efi or system reserved partition (~ <= 500 MB) , a big ext4 partition and a swap partition (~ 4-10 GB).

You have to delete everything until you get a big unallocated space.

I could not find an exact image with ubuntu partitions.


Ubuntu uses the resolvconf package for managing the DNS configuration.  It's called during the dhcp assignments.  You can override the router's dns configuration by configuring resolvconf.

Edit the /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head file and place your DNS preferences there, which will take precedence.

Add this line to the head file:

nameserver 1.1.1.1

It'll look like this (/etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head):

# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)
#     DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN

nameserver 1.1.1.1

You can also place other defaults there.

The other information provided by the router will also show up in the /etc/resolv.conf file upon reboot.  The the search order will be your specification.

The YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN notice in the /etc/resolv.conf is the content of the /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head file which is always loaded upon boot and normal network discovery changes.


14.10: VirtualBox "No suitable module for running kernel found", Cannot Find Kernel Source

It seems like your upgrade from Ubuntu 14.04 to 14.10 broke something. You should have kernel version 3.16.0-30

Make sure that your /etc/apt/sources.list only contains entries with 'utopic' and not 'trusty'. Then make sure that following packages are installed, or install them if necessary:

  apt-get install linux-generic linux-image-generic linux-headers-generic linux-signed-generic

After that you should be able to remove and re-install virtualbox and rebuild the kernel module.


I want to install ubuntu but will I be able to go back to windows?

You may run two operating systems(dualbooting windows and ubuntu).

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot

Or

You can put back windows How to remove Ubuntu and put Windows back on?


Ubuntu 14.04 screen resolution too low (SiS 671 graphics card)

I was having the same issue with the resolution. I'm using VirtualBox and the resolution only had one resolution option.

I went to the search bar and searched for Additional drivers
Next, I clicked on using x86 virtualization solution - guest addition module source for dkms
Finally, I restarted the virtual machine running Ubuntu.

As soon as it booted back up the resolution was already fixed.


Opera 24 Developer for Linux will not launch

got the same issue with ubuntu 14.04, you have to start opera once with the following command:

opera-developer --with-feature:first-run-import=false &

see http://blogs.opera.com/desktop/2014/06/opera-24-linux-released-developer-stream/#comment-1452086964


Problem installing conky package - ./configure not found

I was able to install it like this:

First download latest release from https://github.com/brndnmtthws/conky/releases/tag/v1.10.6
extract it with tar and move to home:

tar -xvf conky-1.10.6.tar.gz
mv conky-1.10.6 ~/

Using the ccmake method as stated for versions 1.10 and later:

Install these packages:

sudo apt install libtolua-dev libtolua++5.1-dev
sudo apt install libx11-dev libxft-dev libxdamage-dev libncurses5-dev  libxinerama-dev
sudo apt install cmake-curses-gui

Run these in /home/$USER:

mkdir build
cd build
ccmake $HOME/conky-1.10.6

Press c on the keyboard when the cmake GUI appears. This will build the files in the build directory
Then run make and install:

make
sudo make install

Re-run ccmake . in the build directory if the files don't generate.

Source:

https://github.com/brndnmtthws/conky/wiki/Installation


Compiling software in Ubuntu 10.10 and creating working shortcuts through sub-menus

The package manager includes a massive wealth of software. Installing from source will always be a challenge. There are basic guides on installing software from source (running ./configure, make, sudo make install) but you will have to read the output to see if you're missing dependencies, then you may have to search the web for those dependencies to find out which packages contain them. If it installs but just says there's an error installing it, go to the package manager to fix broken packages, and all is resolved.

To edit the applications menu, make sure you have the menu editor installed: sudo apt-get install alacarte, then you can run alacarte and edit your menus. You can easily create, delete and edit launchers in the Menu Editor.

If you install Blender, it should automatically add itself to the applications menu. Installing software from source usually does this, too. If it doesn't show up automatically, you can go into the Menu Editor and find them in their respective categories, then uncheck and re-check them.


python3-statsmodels missing in Software Center

The answer to 'why' is in Debian Bug 782963, April 2015.

The current package maintainers would like some help packaging the Py3 version and maintaining it. Any willing community member can volunteer to help and learn the skills to participate.


Well, I do believe that Adobe stuff (like photoshop) has a bad reputation of working with Wine. The same thing happens with iTunes. The latest compatible version of iTunes that works with Wine is version 8. 8! THE LATEST RELEASE IS LIKE, 12.1.1!!!!! I would suggest trying an earlier version of Master Collection, and if that doesn't work, try looking around for an alternative program that does the same thing. Also, try installing Wine from the Ubuntu Software Center, (after deleting the one you just installed) instead of from a possibly outdated PPA.
Oh, and also try PlayOnLinux.


It turns out my X session with dbus running has the following environment variable set, which is accessible from all terminal emulators in X:

DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS

It's contents (`echo $DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS) appear to denote the Unix socket used by Dbus.

Getting banshee terminal commands to work in a virtual console has turned out to be a simple matter of sharing that value with the virtual terminal.

To automate it, I wrote the following simple script:

$ cat get_dbus_addr.sh
#!/bin/bash
#Use this file for sharing the most recent DBus socket address
FILE="/tmp/${USER}_DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS"

if [ ! -z "$DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS" ]
then
  echo $DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS > "$FILE"
else
  export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=`cat "$FILE"`
fi

I source the script from the appropriate terminal config files (so that it gets sourced in both GUI and in the virtual console). Sourcing it in the GUI saves the value to the sharing file in /tmp and  sourcing it in a Virtual console (where the ENV variable isn't set) loads it.


Permission denied running executable even after chmod u+x

Where is this executable file located at? If it is on a mounted partition, there could be a chance that noexec flag is set. Check to see if your workspace is under mounted drives.

$ mount | grep noexec


Assuming you're resizing the Ubuntu partition, do it by booting into a Ubuntu USB/CD drive's live mode. If you use GParted to resize, GRUB should still boot fine. Windows is generally unaware of GRUB and Linux, so it may accidentally overwrite necessary data. It's safer to do it from Linux.

GParted is capable of handling NTFS partitions as well. There's a tradeoff here: GParted can resize to as much free space is available, but it will move around data (like defragmentation) to make room, and may take a long time. Windows can do it quicker, but it may not be able to get all the space (only after the last used sector).

In your case, I'd recommend Windows for resizing only the Windows partition, and Linux for resizing the rest. BTW, 100 GB is a bit overboard for Linux root, I think. 30 should plenty. Keep your data on another partition in case you have to format.


i didn't found how or is it possible to install MAYA on a 32-bit ubuntu?

Best suggession i can give is to dual boot your pc. Windows along side ubuntu. Linux is not yet able to replace windows completely, i use ubuntu just because i like it, i have passion to taste different flavour. Thats it.
Windows is developed profesionally, but ubuntu/ linux is not developped that way. Linux is free, so u simplly cant expect everything to be smooth.


skype 4.3.0.37 typing is slow on Ubuntu 14.04

Please, check this thread, it helped me:

Also I had a problem today with Skype version 4.2 for Ubuntu 64 bit. My solution for this was approximately this:

Download latest skype (skype-ubuntu-precise_4.3.0.37-1_i386.deb)
sudo apt-get remove skype --purge
sudo apt-get remove skype-bin --purge
sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt-get update
sudo dpkg -i skype-ubuntu-precise_4.3.0.37-1_i386.deb

# this one will remove mess from old Skype installations (can be a real cause of Skype misbehaviour)
cd ~ && rm -r .Skype


You should have a look on this answer using extundelete. As said in the comments fstab alone won't bring your system back!

Try to recover the whole folder if it's not too late. Important: This will only work if you don't mess around with it now until you recovered!

If it does not work try to at least get you data out there and reinstall your system.


Opera has several settings concerning cookies. The quick preferences are what you can commonly also access via F12 when on a website. The quick preferences are there to toggle particular settings quickly and conveniently without having to go into some configuration dialog.

However, if your global Opera settings regarding cookies are set too restrictive, this would likely be where to look first. The three settings I marked in the following screenshot are the most important:

Invoke the preferences dialog with Ctrl+F12 and then go to the "Advanced" tab and navigate to the "Cookies" settings from there.

Failing that, there is another place you can look for too restrictive cookie settings. That's when you press F12 again on the website and then choose the (by default) item at the bottom "Edit Site Preferences". This has a "Cookies" tab with similar settings are the global ones shown in the global settings:

Failing all of the above, which is what you will need if you have no extensions or user scripts installed, I would review my user scripts and extensions, turn them off one by one and then check whether the web site works.

If you still have no luck, try to tell Opera to pose as one of the other browsers. Some web sites are particular to browsers and make (wrong!) assumptions based on their own browser detection code. You can change that in the site preferences again ("Network" tab):


Safely remove directory with unknown contents

If /usr/local/foo might contain user files, or your files, modified by the user, here's what to do:
Provide your script with a list of the filenames you want to delete (/usr/local/foo/{file1,old.txt} and a method of checking for user modifications. Checksums (man md5sum shasum) or file modification dates (man stat) are but two of the many methods you could use. Use bash's [[ -f $filename ]] test to ensure the "file" you're deleting is a file, not a link, subdirectory or whatever. (man bash)
Delete (man rm) the files on your list that pass the "unmodified" test.
Then, take advantage of rmdir's refusal to delete non-empty directories (man rmdir) with
rmdir /usr/local/foo

Ignore the error message and error status. If /usr/local/foo was empty, it's gone. If it had remaining files, it's not gone.


Cannot establish ssh connection to computer on local network

Make sure you install the openssh server in the main PC (where you are trying to ssh into)

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

then check if the Ubuntu firewall is turne on?

sudo ufw status

if yes or no still issue the following command

sudo ufw allow ssh and sudo ufw reload

Now try to ssh using

ssh user@ip-address-of-the-machine

If this doesn't work try to add the INPUT and OUTPUT firewall rule in IPTABLE

sudo iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -I OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables-save
sudo service iptables restart

You might have to restart the network manager as well.
Good Luck!


I don't see anything wrong with your added layer of security.  By adding in the additional user, it keeps a false command from being executed under the normal user that would affect the entire system.  That was the point with a root login in the past.  Is it overkill, perhaps, but that's one of the great things with a GNU/Linux system.  It is your system to set as you like.

Remember, asking questions is never wrong, as long as you ask the right question...


Replace Win10 with Ubuntu on Dell XPS13 9380, SSD fully occupied by NTFS & can't be found

I am providing my experience here for future readers. I successfully installed Ubuntu 18.10 on a brand new xps 13 9380 (white) using the following steps:

Boot into windows and do the following:

Setup an Ubuntu bootable USB using the method found here: https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-windows#0
Disable BitLocker by going to the following: Control Panel > System Security > BitLocker Drive Encryption and disabling it.

Shutdown windows. Power on, and as soon as the lights on the keyboard come on start tapping the F12 key to enter Bios.
In the Bios you'll want to change your SATA from Raid to AHCI. Exit and Save. If your computer reboots into windows after this just shut it down.
Plug in your bootable Ubuntu USB stick, then turn on the laptop and you should be given an option to boot from it.
Once Ubuntu has booted into the desktop mode, double click the 'Install Ubuntu...' icon on the desktop.

From here the options are up to you, but here is what I chose:

completely replace the MBR which will replace all partitions. (warning This will REMOVE windows).
install 3rd party drivers which will enable SecureBoot. More info here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UEFI/SecureBoot

after booting you'll be presented with the MokManager, and you'll want to choose the 'Enroll' option and provide a password.

From there the installation should be complete, with system updates to follow once you are logged in. Dell will automatically provide device drivers and bios updates as well!

It's been working great and smooth so far!


What do I need to do that I can access google calendar on thunderbird?

For Ubuntu 10.10+

Installing the necessary components is just a matter of running:

sudo apt-get install xul-ext-lightning xul-ext-gdata-provider

This will install the Lightning Calendar extension and the Google Calendar provider.

For Ubuntu 10.04

Unfortunately, Lightning is not available in the Ubuntu repositories for 10.04 LTS users. If you are running Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, you have 2 options:

32-bit users can install a version of Lightning compatible with Thunderbird 3.1 from https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/thunderbird/addon/lightning/versions/?page=1#version-1.0b2
You can install the latest stable version of Thunderbird, following the instructions in How do I install the latest stable version of Thunderbird?. The thunderbird-stable PPA also has a compatible version of the Lightning extension for Ubuntu 10.04 LTS users.

I would strongly discourage disabling the addons compatibility checker, as advised in another answer. The check is there for a very good reason, and disabling it could make Thunderbird unusable.


It should work if you use the & instead of the ;, not both at the same time:

u2be2mp3() { youtube2mp3 "$@" > /dev/null & }

Also, to be exact, that's a shell function, not an alias, and the above line runs the youtube2mp3 command in the background, not the function. You could also keep your original shell function and run the shell function in the background:

u2be2mp3() { youtube2mp3 "$@" > /dev/null; }

And to start it in the background:

u2be2mp3 &


I found that using net-device-up in /etc/init/xinitd.conf is actually the right approach, but by default, the event fires if any network device (including the loopback device) is ready.

The full solution is to either specify that a specific network device needs to be up net-device-up IFACE=eth0 or that any network device other than localhost must be up (net-device-up IFACE!=lo).


How to create a Remote Aptitude/APT Repository?

You can either create a ppa on launchpad, or create your own apt repository on your own server. The recipe of how to build an apt repository can be found here.


This could be the sign of your hard disk is at the end of its life. If possible, try using a new hard disk and see if the problem persist.

Other problems may include such as faulty motherboard, faulty power supply, or loose wire connections. It can be your RAM, but this is quite rare.


How to get Unity2D to toggle launcher's backlight?

I am afraid you can't toggle the backlight of the launcher items in Unity-2D. It apparently is only available for Unity-3D and given the fact that most development has
been halted for Unity-2D, I don't see any possibility of this feature being developed upon.

I also stumbled upon bug #753969 and discovered this untested patch that might help you get toggle-able backlight on Unity-2D if you know how to build Unity-2D from source.


When copying files and the focus is changed the file copy status window is no longer available

You need to manually minimize all your active windows.  Its actually in the background.

The file copy progress has a problem of not showing in the task list when you alt-tab and not showing in the application bar either.

Also this would point out that if you minimize your file operation status window, then you will never see it again, up till all the file operations are complete.

Or

Ctrl+Alt+Tab and select the "File Operation" that you will get the copy-past progress window.


Trigger window resize in non-active window

You can use xdotool to do this sort of thing, it has options to search for the window you want to operate on and commands for resizing and much much more.

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man1/xdotool.1.html

Put your commands in a script then add a keyboard shortcut of your choosing to execute the script.