How do i install Ap-Hotspot in Ubuntu 14.04?

Based on the output, you have a " in place of a : in the command.

The command you entered looks like this, likely:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa"nilarimogard/webupd8

... instead of this:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8

Make sure the command you're using is the second one.


Use a rule with UUID matching:

KERNEL=="sd??", ENV{ID_FS_UUID}=="<the_uuid>", RUN+="/bin/mkdir /tmp/folder1"

get the UUID with the command below

udevadm info /dev/<usb_stick_partition> | grep ID_FS_UUID=

Example

$ udevadm info /dev/sda1 | grep ID_FS_UUID=
E: ID_FS_UUID=c44a008d-58b2-467d-8814-f06973e49dcb

therefore

KERNEL=="sd??", ENV{ID_FS_UUID}=="c44a008d-58b2-467d-8814-f06973e49dcb", RUN+="/bin/mkdir /tmp/folder1"


How to find (and delete) duplicate files

I use fdupes for this. It is a commandline program which can be installed from the repositories with sudo apt install fdupes. You can call it like fdupes -r /dir/ect/ory and it will print out a list of dupes. fdupes has also a simple Homepage and a Wikipedia article, which lists some more programs.


Kernel 4.8 UFW and SMB not working together

I found the solution, the Arch wiki was updated with this specific problem in mind, they list it as a possible solution but it works on booth my Ubuntu 16.04.2 and Linux Mint 18.1 Cinnamon installations.

Type this in the terminal:

sudo iptables -t raw -A OUTPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 137 -j CT --helper netbios-ns

Since any change to iptables is lost on reboot without a configuration file I installed the iptables-persistent package, this way the 'fix' will not be gone after a system restart. To install type this in the terminal, and save the current rules.

sudo apt install iptables-persistent

Source for solution: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/samba#.22Browsing.22_network_fails_with_.22Failed_to_retrieve_share_list_from_server.22


Java out of memory error during the installation processor of netbeans

I have solved the problem. Netbeans fails to load in default java heap size. You have to forcefully increase JVM's heap size by exporting _JAVA_OPTIONS

export _JAVA_OPTIONS="-Xmx300m -Xms300m"

Now it's working.


can you put ubuntu on a disk as a boot disk to make another computer use it for operation

Yes, you can. The boot disk can install over the current OS on your computer if you need it to.


How to remove error 127 after make command

Please do:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall bison libbison-dev flex libfl-dev
cd ~/olsrd-0.6.8
make clean
make
sudo make install


dpkg interrupted error while downloading

The error message gives you the solution:

E: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a'
to correct the problem.

In order to do this, open a terminal window (you can find that in Applications->Accessories on a stock Ubuntu install) and copy and paste the sudo command:

sudo dpkg --configure -a

This will instruct the package manager to finish what it was doing when it was last running and was interrupted.

This can happen, for example, if the power is cut or the package manager died due to some problem with the computer (I/O errors on hard disks, or bad memory, or bad swap due to the I/O errors on hard disks, or any number of other but rare problems).


Your issue may be caused by this bug:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity-greeter/+bug/1292467

Two suggested workarounds are:

 * Plug in external monitor after login
 * Boot with "video=LVDS-1:d"

Related:

Very slow graphics performance after upgrade 12.04 => 14.04


Xampp uses Mariadb as drop-in replacement for MySQL. You will find Folders and file names with mysql but MariaDB is behind it. Please read mariadb-vs-mysql-compatibility.


I think that the catalyst GPU is AMD. According to the output of lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 VGA you have no AMD GPU, and so your computer is already using the right graphics driver, the graphics driver that is built-in in Ubuntu.

Some models of the HP Pavilion g6 laptop have an additional discrete graphics processor and other models of the HP Pavilion g6 don't have one. For example, according to HP Pavilion g6-1304tx Notebook PC Product Specifications, that model of HP Pavilion g6 laptop, which has a 2nd Generation Intel Core i5 processor, does indeed also have an AMD Radeon HD 7450M graphics processor. If so, the correct graphics driver for that graphics processor would surely show up in the Additional Drivers utility. Search the Dash for Additional Drivers and click the Additional Drivers icon to open Additional Drivers to check if there is a proprietary graphics driver available for your laptop.


Parenthesis and number? What is it after a command?

It is a reference to another manual page. Some of the commands have same name as system functions ( used in programming language ) .  You can view the other page via man -e 8 useradd


Why do I have slow download speed on my system upgrades?

You might want to try a mirror that's closer to you.  Here's a list: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archivemirrors


There are some great tools for the Photographer to utilize. I can name more than a dozen but lets focus on the main object. Getting the right look for an HDR photo.

You will need Ufraw to process RAW photos

You will need Luminance HDR and the Hugin plug-in to process HDR images

You will need Gimp for the final touches

Let me cover 3 things to be able to develop HDR photos

Setup or Pre-process:

Taking the photos is just the beginning to the end. You will need 3 or more photos of the same object, from the same distance with the same focus but with different exposures.

See this Tutorial for Pre-Process setup and recommendations

HDR Development:

This is where the magic starts to happen. Using 3, 5, 7, 9 or more photos you will have a deviation of exposures and will combined them using the software indicated. The Hugin plugin is used for straightening the edges and layering the images on top of each other.

See this Tutorial for HDR Development using Luminance

Post processing:

I like to use GIMP to manipulate the final image settings. This way the photographer gives the photo its final blessing.

See this Tutorial for Post Processing using GIMP


Ubuntu 18.04 Screen flickering on a 4K laptop

This is actually a bug with the intel drivers and looking at their responses, I guess chances of it getting fixed anytime soon are bleak! Someone came up with a quick "fix" though. Add i915.fastboot=1 to the kernel parameters. No flickering when booting and thereafter.

However, any time your screen turns black (screen lock or sleep) and starts again, flickering would return.


Ubuntu 16.04 and Mate Desktop in VNC Session no Keyboard by mythtv-backend

I have made it with TurboVNC in Version 2.1. Now the keyboard works.


Attemping to install Ubuntu alongside Windows (dual-boot) on my Dell XPS 13 9370

Ok, so I have found the solution. You can just read https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2408864&page=2 but I will write exactly what I did:

Press F12 and choose to boot from USB.
Press e when the options try ubuntu and install appear.
At the end of the line starting with linux add nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=200. I've also deleted the --- that was after quiet splash. Not sure if that's necessary.
Press CTR + x - that will boot into Ubuntu.
Choose option to install, it should detect the SSD now.
Install alongside Windows (Windows partition was shrunk previously).
Now when you restart it will let you choose ubuntu/windows but ubuntu won't boot. The previous fix was just temporary. We need to save this line in grub. Before turning off ubuntu go to grub file sudo nano /etc/default/grub and after quitet splash add nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=200. Save file and run sudo update-grub.

After that it works perfectly fine. It lets me choose if I want to boot into Ubuntu or Windows.


AFAIK the receive window size on the client needs to be set per route table entry, e.g.

ip route change default via 1.2.3.4 initrwnd 16

(use your actual default route of course)

TCP will only send using the lower of the two values (initrwnd on the client, initcwnd on the server).


Why can't I boot into Ubuntu installed alongside Windows 8?

Pre install windows 8 comes with UEFI secure boot enabled
(UEFI which substitutes what we have known as the BIOS)
which prevent unrecognized source to boot or Linux

But latest version of Ubuntu have support for the UEFI boot see (you doesn't mention which Ubuntu version you are using) https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI

So there is no problem in dual boot Ubuntu with windows 8

for your convenient (solve your problem ) you can off the UEFI secure boot in some easy step they are

1 ) while holding shift key click on restart option (from power)

2 ) windows will show you option then select Troubleshoot

3 ) select advanced options

4 ) select UEFI frameware settings then disable it after restart

Here is the video

Then you are able to boot ubuntu and even old version of the Linux which couldn’t install before in windows 8 .

in dual boot if you don’t get the windows 8 listed in grub menu then

type following command in terminal while mounting drive which have windows installed

  sudo update-grub2


Using youtube-dl to download Deezer playlist?

While youtube-dl have supported DeezerPlaylist, but unfortunately if you try download playlist from Deezer, it will only download preview version of 30 seconds of each file.
On their GitHub page, you can clearly saw several user desperately trying to get Deezer Playlist/Track working fully downloadable with youtube-dl. Some has opened new issues about it:

https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/10049
https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/11411

Nevertheless, an contributor has create a python script named deezer.py, you can consider try this script for downloading purpose. I don't know what the script does as there aren't description yet, moreover I'm not familiar with python.
Update
Sadly, even deezer.py script unable to grab full length of track, someone has confirmed this:

Currently only 30 seconds previews are supported.
Duplicate of #10049.

So most likely you have to be patient, until youtube-dl developer support full track.


You may also try Visual Studio Code.

I've never tried Atom, but it was claimed that VS Code is more powerful:

  I tried using Atom and PyCharm to write Python code before. Python
  support in Atom wasn’t powerful nor easy to use enough for me. And
  PyCharm is too heavy-weight and a simple format-on-save requires some
  dancing around to be done. I think Visual Studio Code has found a good
  middle ground: it’s lightweight enough and yet still powerful enough.

A 32bit version may be downloaded from here.

If needed, you may check the following pages as some starting points:

https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/languages/python
https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/python/python-tutorial

And if you wish, some extensions may be useful:

https://medium.com/issuehunt/10-visual-studio-code-extensions-for-python-development-de0be51bbeed
https://towardsdatascience.com/top-3-vs-code-extensions-for-python-and-data-science-7462dd4ee530


Yes, you can do it. The SuSe installer will ask you how to partition your hard drive. At that point, you'll be able to choose to create a new partition using the empty space of one of your existing partitions. Then, you can choose to format that new partition as BTRFS or whatever else you like and install your new system there.

A safer approach might be to boot into a live session and create your partition manually before installing but, strictly speaking, that shouldn't be necessary.


How to stop excessive memory usage of unity-window-decorator?

What you should do, is report a bug on http://www.Launchpad.net and provide as much information you can. There is no configuration option to deactivate memory leaks.


I's bug in package:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/chromium-bsu/+bug/1810057
Unfortunately packager doesn't seem to be interested.


Thank you for your help, I formated the whole disk to ext4 then retried and it worked with no problems so far, I think what caused this problem is that I tried to emulate a BD using the same hard disk that contains games.


Connect to the "Hidden Wi-Fi Network":

Choose Connect to Hidden Wi-Fi Network... in the WiFi dropdown menu below the Wi-Fi icon.

Leave "Connection" as "New..."

Type the exact name of the network

Choose the Wi-Fi security type. For example, "WPA & WPA2 Personal" worked in my case (and you might find some indication about it on some connection details printed e.g. on the backside of your router or so)

When asked, provide the password.

Voilà, in my case it took a few seconds longer than usual to eventually connect than, but it readily worked.
The connection should readily remain available also after you reboot, without you having to re-add it.
My OS: Ubuntu 16.04. My Wi-Fi Password: - oops, nope.
Disclaimer: This is merely a more detailed description of what @Ryuuka solved with his comment already. I found it worth the write-up as I spent hours before without finding an easy solution.


Install 18.04 server without network connection

You can install Ubuntu 18.04 without an internet connection when using the "standard" ISO. (not the live server)

You can download the standard one here: http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/releases/18.04/release/


Ubuntu 12.04 fresh install comes with xorg 1.13

I also found this to be the case when trying to get the sis 671 video driver to work. I  installed Mint 14 and then Ubuntu 12.10 and couldn't get it to work. After reading numerous posts on forums I installed 12.04 which was definitely supposed to work but it didn't. More reading lead me to realize Xorg 1.13 is the problem which now appears to be what gets shipped with Ubuntu 12.04.2. I have gone back a version Ubuntu 12.04.1 which uses X.Org X Server 1.11.3 and bingo the driver works!

I found Ubuntu 12.04.1 here.
http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/releases/12.04.1/


I had the same problem in Ubuntu 20.04 but there were no chances to install qt4, also trying to build the file from the source code failed several times until I decided to do the following. This is not a perfect solution but in the end, it works.

The solution is to download and extract only the three missing files from qt4.

The procedure is:

Package: libqtcore4
    Contains: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtCore.so.4

Download from: http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/q/qt4-x11/libqtcore4_4.8.7+dfsg-5ubuntu2_amd64.deb

Package: libqtgui4
    Contains: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtGui.so.4

Download from: http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/q/qt4-x11/libqtgui4_4.8.7+dfsg-5ubuntu2_amd64.deb

Package: libpng12-0
    Contains: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng12.so.0

Download from: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libp/libpng/libpng12-0_1.2.54-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb

Download the files to /tmp

cd /tmp

mkdir output

dpkg-deb -x libqtcore4_4.8.7+dfsg-5ubuntu2_amd64.deb output

dpkg-deb -x libqtgui4_4.8.7+dfsg-5ubuntu2_amd64.deb output

dpkg-deb -x libpng12-0_1.2.54-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb output

cd output

find . -name libQtCore.so.4

 ./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtCore.so.4

find . -name libQtGui.so.4

 ./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtGui.so.4

find . -name libpng12.so.0

 ./lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng12.so.0

Copy the 3 files to: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/

try epson-printer-utility, it should work now

Hope this helps


Auto-Starting Seafile Server 12.04 (Server Edition)

I realize this is getting old now.. but did you check the seafile github?

https://github.com/haiwen/seafile/wiki/Start-seafile-server-at-system-bootup


You can either install the source package ffmpeg, or follow the instructions at the bottom of the libavcodec57 page that corresponds with your particular architecture. From the download page:

  You should be able to use any of the listed mirrors by adding a line to >your /etc/apt/sources.list like this:

  deb http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety main universe

  Replacing cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu with the mirror in question.

It appears that downloading the binary package using apt-get or synaptic is not possible.


I don't know about your specific problem, but when I was doing this recently the instructions which finally got a Nexus 7 mounted on my machine with Ubuntu 12.04 were here at Jeshurun's Blog (see below):

http://blog.jeshurun.ca/technology/connecting-the-google-nexus-7-to-ubuntu-mint-over-usb

I had tried one or two other how-tos which had failed.

Open a terminal
Create a udev rules file for the Nexus 7 with it’s device id (18d1)

sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/99-android.rules

Paste the following contents into the file, save and exit:

# Nexus 7
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", SYSFS{idVendor}=="18d1", MODE="0666"

You can find a list of vendor ids for various Android OEMs here: http://developer.android.com/tools/device.html#VendorIds
Make the file executable (gotta love the security on Linux)

sudo chmod +x /etc/udev/rules.d/99-android.rules

Install the mtp libraries from the repos

sudo apt-get install libmtp-common libmtp-runtime libmtp9 mtpfs mtp-tools

Create a mount point for the Nexus 7 and make it accessible to all users

sudo mkdir /media/nexus7
sudo chmod 755 /media/nexus7

Finally plug your Nexus 7 into an empty USB slot on your comptuer and run the following command on the terminal:

sudo mtpfs -o allow_other /media/nexus7

In a few seconds, the tablet should appear mounted as an external drive on your file browser.
Note that these steps are applicable to all Debian based systems including Ubuntu and Linux Mint
When you are done moving files, unmount the mounted folder before unplugging the device.

sudo umount /media/nexus7


I installed last pkgs of bison (2.7.1) and libbison-dev (2.7.1) from Saucy and it worked like a charm.

wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/140087283/libbison-dev_2.7.1.dfsg-1_amd64.deb
wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/140087282/bison_2.7.1.dfsg-1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libbison-dev_2.7.1.dfsg-1_amd64.deb
dpkg -i bison_2.7.1.dfsg-1_amd64.deb

To prevent update manager from overwriting this package

apt-mark hold libbison-dev
apt-mark hold bison

Done.


How to change the time server for the _in built_ internet time in ubuntu 16.04 LTS?

Ubuntu 16.04 uses by default server ntp.ubuntu.com [reference].
To change the default server, edit the config file with an editor:
sudo vi /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf

Uncomment the NPT= line and define the server you want to be used instead of default:
[Time]
NTP=some.ntp.server.com

To "audit" the time-synchronization events and verify the server that was contacted, use the following command:
cat /var/log/syslog | grep systemd-timesyncd


debian/rules error "No rule to make target"

As the error message says, there is no build target in your rules file. Your install target lists it as a requirement. debian/rules files are Makefiles. You might want to read up on those a bit.

But you could simplify this a lot by using the simple helper dh. You rules file would look something like:

#!/usr/bin/make -f

%:
        dh $@

override_dh_auto_install:
    # Copy .py files
    cp pycounter.py $(CURDIR)/debian/pycounter/opt/extras.ubuntu.com/pycounter/pycounter.py
    cp prefs.py $(CURDIR)/debian/pycounter/opt/extras.ubuntu.com/pycounter/prefs.py

    # desktop copyright and others (not complete, check)
    cp extras-pycounter.desktop $(CURDIR)/debian/pycounter/usr/share/applications/extras-pycounter.desktop
    dh_auto_install

I'd also suggest looking into using dh_install rather than cp I.e.:

dh_install prefs.py /opt/extras.ubuntu.com/pycounter/

See both the manpage for the dh command  and the manpage for the dh_install command


File associate by MIME subtype / extension

You should:

make right click on any *.md file in file-manager,
select Open with,
select Other application,
select Remarkable from this list,
check Remember this application for "Markdown document" files

If it does not work - you can edit ~/.config/mimeapps.list by hand:

Add (or change existing) line

text/markdown=remarkable.desktop;

to the section

[Added Associations]


Clean install of 12.04 over old 10.10 and only format some partitions

When you run the installer, choose the advanced partition option. You'll have to re-specify all your mount paths (/dev/sda1 as /, /dev/sda8 as /home, etc.). Select to format sda1. Also, reformat /usr, /var, and /tmp (or get rid of them altogether). Do not reformat /home, or you'll lose all your data!

I would use only two partitions: / and /home. More than that is overkill in my opinion unless you have very specific needs and are running a server. I recommend resizing things such that the space taken by /usr, /var, and /tmp is part of the / partition. Having many partitions really takes away from your ability to use your disk flexibly.


How to boot directly into Windows 10 from grub on Windows8.1-Windows10-Ubuntu15.04 tripleboot system?

If both Windows are in primary partitions, you can repair install to be directly bootable from grub. But not possible if an install is in a logical partition as Windows only boots from primary partitions. Second installs of Windows normally overwrite the boot files in the existing NTFS primary partition with the boot flag. And it adds both installs to its BCD. You may just be able to copy bootmgr & /boot/BCD to second install and edit BCDs in both installs. But best to have repairCD or flash drive for each install and run its repairs. You have to move boot flag first and then repair an install. You may have to specify not to find other installs. Then move boot flag to other install and do same thing.

Be sure to have good backups first. And repair tools.

To get each MS to have its own boot loader make a second primary NTFS partition and set its boot flag on, then install the 2nd product in it. Multibooters, Pictures here worth 1000+ words - Vista but all Windows with BIOS/MBR

http://www.multibooters.co.uk/multiboot.html


Why are my Rhythmbox controls (Pause, Play, etc.) missing from the sound menu?

When in Rhythmbox select Edit -> Preferences, you should have in the in the General-tab on the bottom a drop-down menu called Toolbar Button Labels

Try changing the value of this drop-down, and see if the control button reappear.

This should influence both the control buttons in Rhythmbox and the tray applet.


Does XFCE have a sticky edges option or plugin?

I'm not sure if this is what you're looking for but try enabling "Window snapping", "To screen borders" or "To other windows" at:
Settings Manager > Personal > Window Manager > Advanced > Window Snapping.

OR

Window Manager GUI > Advanced > Window Snapping

Hope this helps.


Finally discovered the real fix for this on the Redshift github.
Solution is to add this line in the "Device" section of xorg.conf
Option "UseNvKmsCompositionPipeline" "false"

Details here: https://github.com/jonls/redshift/issues/720


how to see the PID for currently running command?

PID of current command

The PID of a command in your own shell is shown when you start the command in background. If the current command runs in the foreground, the shell mostly waits for it to finish, we have to wait too - except we want to use a tool outside this shell; See below for that option.

As an example command, I'll use this ping that sends a request every 5 seconds for 10 times:

ping -i 5 -c 10 example.com

Now, I'll use & to run it in the background:

$ ping -i 5 -c 10 example.com &
[1] 12238
$ PING example.com (93.184.216.119) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 93.184.216.119: icmp_seq=1 ttl=55 time=118 ms
64 bytes from 93.184.216.119: icmp_seq=2 ttl=55 time=117 ms
64 bytes from 93.184.216.119: icmp_seq=3 ttl=55 time=117 ms

The [1] 12238 tells us that the process has the process id, short PID 12238; And that it's the first background job currently running in this shell.

Example: tracing library calls

In the same terminal we get the output of ping, so we better run ltrace in another one (ping has special root permissions, so we need sudo to mess with its inside):

$ sudo ltrace -p 12238
[sudo] password for siegel:
gettimeofday(0x7fff7f0b6900, 0)                                           = 0
gettimeofday(0x7fff7f0b68e0, 0)                                           = 0
sendmsg(3, 0x60a300, 2048, 24)                                            = 64
recvmsg(3, 0x7fff7f0b6970, 0, 0)                                          = 84
__printf_chk(1, 0x40813b, 64, 0x60a560)                                   = 29
__printf_chk(1, 0x4077ea, 4, 28)                                          = 11
__printf_chk(1, 0x40814d, 55, 11)                                         = 7
__printf_chk(1, 0x408162, 118, 7)                                         = 12
_IO_putc('\n', 0x7f7836d89400)                                            = 10
fflush(0x7f7836d89400)                                                    = 0
gettimeofday(0x7fff7f0b6900, 0)                                           = 0
poll(0x7fff7f0b6950, 1, 4880, 0)                                          = 0
gettimeofday(0x7fff7f0b6900, 0)                                           = 0
gettimeofday(0x7fff7f0b68e0, 0)                                           = 0
sendmsg(3, 0x60a300, 2048, 24)                                            = 64
recvmsg(3, 0x7fff7f0b6970, 0, 0)                                          = 84
__printf_chk(1, 0x40813b, 64, 0x60a560)                                   = 29
__printf_chk(1, 0x4077ea, 5, 28)                                          = 11
__printf_chk(1, 0x40814d, 55, 11)                                         = 7
__printf_chk(1, 0x408162, 118, 7)                                         = 12
_IO_putc('\n', 0x7f7836d89400)                                            = 10
fflush(0x7f7836d89400)                                                    = 0
gettimeofday(0x7fff7f0b6900, 0)                                           = 0
poll(0x7fff7f0b6950, 1, 4881, 0)

That's a trace of the library calls during two 'pings'.

Finding PIDs of running processes in general

As the title question is not very specific, here are some other ways to find PIDs of currently running commands:

Search for processes by command name
pgrep -x cmd
Note that the variant pgrep cmd is wrong: it mathes as substring
Search by command line with arguments
pgrep -f cmdarg
List processes that belong to the current shell (session), like background processes, or the shell itself
ps -s $$
List all processes: "process status"
ps aux
Listing processes in a more interactive way: "table of processes"
top
And all you need at once: a table of processes, integrated with ltrace and strace:
htop
It's a variant of top with enhanced UI and configurability, plus some extras:
Choose a process with the cursor line, and press L for ltrace, or s for strace!


Could not find a valid gem 'rails' (>= 0) in any repository

I have fixed this issue using the proxy command option of gem install. It has the following format:

$ gem install --http-proxy http://201.187.107.19:8080 rails

Note, the IP address and the port number refers to a proxy. You should search for a proxy list and use one of the proxies there.

This is site with proxies: http://www.cybersyndrome.net/pla5.html

Also, I have to try 7 or 8 different proxies in order to succeed. Do not give up.

Note, you could see the following error, too:

ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::DependencyError)
    Unable to resolve dependencies: rails requires activesupport (= 3.2.8), actionpack (= 3.2.8), activerecord (= 3.2.8), activeresource (= 3.2.8), actionmailer (= 3.2.8), railties (= 3.2.8), bundler (~> 1.0)

Don't give up and continue with the next proxy from the list. Good luck.


Ubuntu 12.04 stuck on log-in screen after updating OpenTTD

Instead of reinstalling ubuntu-desktop there is some alternative solutions that may work

If it's not a problem related to drivers from your video card, it could be a problem with gnome or gdm:

Open the non-graphical login screen with Ctrl + Alt + F1

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gnome-shell
sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool gnome-terminal file-roller
sudo service gdm start

If gdm doesn't start, try:

sudo update-rc.d install gdm defaults

and them

sudo service gdm start

If it start, just login normally and shutdown your computer via terminal (probably if you try to shutdown pressing the button it will just return to the login screen you just launched)

sudo shutdown now

Now it should be working as expected
The second possibility is when the problem is with the drivers of your video card:

Open the non-graphical login screen with Ctrl+Alt+F1

Try to download your proper drivers, for example, if it's a card from NVIDIA

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

There is one other option, changing the default gdm

sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm

Change to gdm instead of lightgdm

If the command doesn't open a option box, try

sudo apt-get install gdm

If nothing work, just install ubuntu-desktop again, as suggested, cause it will probably take less time then looking for a solution

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop

or

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


Installing llvm 3.9 can easily be done under Xenial Xerus by using the 'LLVM Debian/Ubuntu nightly packages' PPA. Just follow the steps below:

Add the archive signature:

wget -O - https://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -

Add the PPA:

sudo apt-add-repository "deb https://apt.llvm.org/xenial/ llvm-toolchain-xenial-3.9 main"
sudo apt-get update

Note: There may be some authentication warnings for the llvm key which I have safely overridden on my own system. To bypass authentication, replace sudo apt-get update with

sudo apt -o Acquire::AllowInsecureRepositories=true update

Allow the Repository to reload and then run the following command:

sudo apt-get install clang-3.9 lldb-3.9

Test your installation as follows, as shown on my own Xenial system:

$ clang-3.9 --version
clang version 3.9.0-svn275716-1~exp1 (trunk)
Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /usr/bin

References:

LLVM Debian/Ubuntu nightly packages


Checking battery status using other than acpi command

Try cat /proc/acpi/battery/BAT0/state in a terminal. Alternatively, change the state to * to display all info in that directory.


Help for suspending session or hibernating

16.04 now uses SystemD. Try this and see if it works even after waking:

Reboot your system and wait for it to settle.  This is to get out of the uncertain state you mentioned above, start clean.
Choose one of the the following commands and try it, no need for sudo.  I recommend suspend first as it is supported 99% of the time by the hardware:

SUSPEND:

systemctl suspend

HIBERNATE:

systemctl hibernate

Here's the man webpage for systemctl:  https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemctl.html


My PC Can Find School's Wi-Fi Network but Cannot Connect

University networks often have additional requirements. My personal experience is that Windows automatically detects those and Ubuntu not. You can check on a connected PC what the connection requirements are and then use exactly the same on your Ubuntu PC.

As example my university uses the Eduroam network:

SSID: Eduroam
Security type: WPA2-Enterprise
Encryption type: AES
Authentication method: Protected EAP (PEAP)

Hope this helps.


To get you own custom fortune cookies first create a file and add the texts hat you want to be shown as a fortune.
In your text editor paste the text (string) you want to be show
and between each string to be displayed there has to be a %

assuming we are creating a quotes fortune,with filename quotes

sudo nano quotes

paste in your text and edit like this

Limits exist only in your mind!
%
"Maybe this world is another planet’s hell."
— Aldous Huxley
%
"Choices are the hinges of destiny." —Edwin Markham
%
“Sometimes it’s the smallest decisions that can
change your life forever." —Keri Russell
%
“We are the creative force of our life, and through our
own decisions rather than our conditions, if we carefully
learn to do certain things, we can accomplish
those goals.” —Stephen Covey

save the file and create a dat file:

strfile -c % quotes quotes.dat

This creates a .dat file for your cookie file, which contains a header structure and a table of file offsets for each group of lines. This allows random access of the strings.

to see your fortune, do:

fortune quotes

To make your cookies appear as a standard fortune cookie when you simply
type fortune, add quotes and quotes.dat to /usr/share/games/fortunes/
If you want to add or subtract any string from your custom fortune cookie file,you will need to to run the strfile -c % quotes quotes.dat to create a new dat file again

You can also add your fortunes to bash such that when you open the shell you are greated by your custom fortune.
 do nano ~/.bashrc and add fortune  /path/to/quote | lolcat
to the end of the file and save

Now close your terminal and open a new terminal to see it work


How to install proprietary ATI/AMD drivers on 14.10?

You can Install Xserver Xorg driver in command line. You dont need to install from the Software & Update.

Just run this in command line

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-ati

See here at packages.ubuntu.com. Version is 1.17


"Low Disk Space" after downloading less than 6GB of files on a 128GB Bootable USB

You just created an install media, which could have been done on a 2G stick.  It doesn't even look like the instructions produce an install media with persistence, so your 6G limit is probably when you run out of memory.  You can use the stick to make an install to another stick, or recreate the install media on a smaller stick, and make a full install to the 128G stick.  If you do that, search here for optimizations of a USB installation.


Does MAAS Cluster Controller API URL need to setup to Internal Network and not LAN Network

You 'external' connection should be set by using...

sudo dpkg-reconfigure maas-cluster-controller

Your 'internal' connection should be set using...

sudo dpkg-reconfigure maas-region-controller

Whatever you set your internal to, is the network that your nodes should exist within.  You shouldn't have to add any mac addresses, aslong as PXE is enabled on your nodes, when they boot they should be able to find maas, and then run through the boot, and then shut off.  Once they're off, you should see them in maas.

You need to obviously configure your IPMI, or power control settings as well.  Those IPs should exist within your 'internal' network as well.  They don't have to, but if they are outside that network, maas has to be aware of that network and be able to connect to it as well, potentially eth2.


No route to host. How to SSH from guest machine in virtualbox to host machine by bridged adapter?

I think, the problem is in ssh-server on host machine (because of wrong configuration there is no connection). I didn't solve the problem - I just move to Docker.


How to bind Window Action Key + Middle click to Lower window in Ubuntu 19.10 (Gnome 3.34)?

GNOME Tweaks give you the ability to change that. Start with

sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

If not already installed.

Launch the GNOME Tweak Tool

Pick Windows  from the left side list.

Look for Modifier to use for modified window click actions

Change from Super to Alt.


Security of Ubuntu flavours, especially Kubuntu

All official flavours of Ubuntu, including Kubuntu, use the same repositories.

Canonical commits to providing security updates to software in the main, and restricted, sections of the repositories. From the Security Team FAQ:

  What software is officially supported by the Ubuntu Security team?

  Ubuntu is currently divided into four components: main, restricted, universe and multiverse. All binary packages in
  main and restricted are supported by the Ubuntu Security team for
  the life of an Ubuntu release, while binary packages in universe
  and multiverse are supported by the Ubuntu community.

Typically, only the packages in the standard Ubuntu flavour's installation disks are in main or restricted. That means that a lot of software in Ubuntu GNOME, Kubuntu, Xubuntu, etc. are not in main:

$ apt-cache show gnome-shell konqueror | grep Section
Section: universe/gnome
Section: universe/web

Note how both these packages, crucial to Ubuntu GNOME and Kubuntu respectively, are from the universe section.

Support for the universe and multiverse sections is done by the community, specifically, the Masters of the Universe (MOTU). This means that Canonical makes no guarantees about them. The MOTU Update Procedures describe when and how they provide updates.

So, no matter which flavour you install, you will get the same level of support for some software, and a different level for the rest - after all, even with the standard Ubuntu, after installation, you might install software from the universe section, such as VLC.


Why the value of $PATH is different for root and normal user?

PATH is an environment variable, and therefor it 'defaults' or 'resets' when you change environment. See  man sudoers for an explanation:

 env_reset       If set, sudo will reset the environment to only contain
                   the LOGNAME, SHELL, USER, USERNAME and the SUDO_* vari-
                   ables.  Any variables in the caller's environment that
                   match the env_keep and env_check lists are then added.
                   The default contents of the env_keep and env_check
                   lists are displayed when sudo is run by root with the
                   -V option.  If sudo was compiled with the SECURE_PATH
                   option, its value will be used for the PATH environment
                   variable.  This flag is on by default.

  /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin

is the basic path without modifications. Different users will have different directories added to them for several reasons.

And the reasoning should be: root should never ever have more directories in its PATH than needed. Or the other way around: if root needs a file it should be in /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin. You do not play games as root. You do not use a desktop manager as root. A root is for admin tasks.

The wiki has some more information (amongst others which files are used to add to PATH): https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EnvironmentVariables


Network manager connects two devices to the same wi-fi network

Go to "Edit Connections..." in the network icon menu.

Find the wireless network name that you're connecting to, select it, and click the Edit button.

In the Wi-Fi tab, look at Device field, and it'll be blank right now, meaning that any interface can use that wireless network. Use the pop-up arrow at the end of the Device field to select the mac address of the interface that you DO want to use to connect. Other devices won't connect now, unless you create another script with their specific mac address in the Device field.


Why doesn't Ubuntu repos for Aarch64, ARM, PowerPC have debugging symbols?

That is obviously because Ubuntu supports only amd64 and i386 architectures for desktop and server.


Atheros AR8152 ethernet connection not recognized

Have you tried going in to the Network Manager and manually setting your IP, Gateway, etc.? If you right click on the network manager icon and then select 'Edit Connections...' the window will open and you can select which connection you would like to edit. Once you get into that window go to 'IPv4 Settings' or IPv6 Settings' (depending on your network). Then you can change from Automatic(DHCP) to 'Manual', then you can put your settings in for a static IP address. That might get you up and running. Also it would be wise to look at how it is set up in Windows. If it is set to use a static IP in Windows then you may need to set it up like that in Ubuntu. That is what I would do. Check Windows and make sure the Linux side looks the same or similar. If it still doesn't work let us know.


Why does Unity screen blank out over XDMCP?

This issue is resolved by using Ubuntu 2D. Ubuntu 3D is selected by default on login. When logging in, click the Ubuntu icon next to your name and select "Ubuntu 2D".


ZOOM VoiceEngine Volume keeps resetting to 0 on Ubuntu 18.04

I've recently noticed this, too. The closest thing I could find was a post from 2018 to fix a similar issue where the volume kept getting set to 100%, and that it looks like was fixed in the 2019-12-01 release. I didn't have a ~/.pulse/daemon.conf file, and /etc/pulse/daemon.conf indicated that flat-volumes was already set to the default of no, but I uncommented it anyway. I haven't had a Zoom meeting since, so I'm not sure this will have done anything... I'm doubtful that it did, but might as well give it a shot.


Fail to point my domain through the resolv.conf file

It's not working because you're adding it to /etc/resolv.conf.

That's not how DNS works. To configure the nameservers for the domain, you should contact your registrar for information on how to configure DNS. This varies from domain registrar to domain registrar, and is a record housed in the DNS system, which you cannot modify directly. You have to go trough your registrar.

To configure a host on DNS, you then configure a record on the nameservers you have assigned, in this case Cloudflare, that points to the IP of your server.


Wiping my Hard Drive and dualbooting Ubuntu 13

This is probably your best course of action: you make a recovery disk in Windows, boot off of it, and re-install, which will wipe your hard drive and give you a fresh install. Afterwards, make an Ubuntu boot disk and select "Boot alongside Windows 7" at installation. Then just follow the instructions on screen from there on out.


Using the zcurses module was a lot easier than I thought. This is what I came up with.

#!/bin/zsh
#
# Usage:
#   Call `many.init [listname] [values]` then `many.loop` when it returns REPLY
#   will be set to the selected value.
#
# Example:
#   many.init History $history
#   many.loop
#   echo $REPLY
#
##

zmodload zsh/curses

(( size=LINES ))

typeset -i selected pos
pos=1
selected=$size

many.init ()
{
    name=$1
    shift
    elements=( "$@" )
    zcurses init
    many.draw
}

many.loop ()
{
    while true; do
        zcurses input stdscr raw key
        many.read $raw $key || return
    done
}

many.read ()
{
    case $1 in
        'q')
            zcurses end
            typeset -g REPLY
            REPLY=$elements[selected]
            return 1
            ;;
        "UP")
            if (( selected > 1 )); then
                (( selected <= pos)) && (( pos-- ))
                (( selected-- ))
            fi
            ;;
        "DOWN")
            if (( selected < ${#elements} )); then
                (( selected >= pos+size-1)) && (( pos++ ))
                (( selected++ ))
            fi
            ;;
        "PPAGE")
            (( pos=pos-size, selected=selected-size ))
            (( pos < 1 )) && pos=1
            (( selected < 1 )) && selected=1
            ;;
        "NPAGE")
            (( pos=pos+size, selected=selected+size ))
            (( pos > ${#elements} )) && pos=${#elements}
            (( selected > ${#elements} )) && selected=${#elements}
            ;;
    esac

    many.draw
}

many.draw ()
{
    typeset -i offset
    offset=0
    zcurses clear stdscr
    for (( i=0; i+offset < size; i++ )); do
        if (( i+pos == selected )); then
            zcurses attr stdscr black/white
            lines=( ${(@fr:$COLUMNS:)elements[i+pos]} )
            zcurses string stdscr "${(j::)lines}"
            (( offset=offset+${#lines}-1 ))
            zcurses attr stdscr default/default
        else
            zcurses string stdscr "${elements[i+pos]/
*/...}
"
        fi
    done
    zcurses attr stdscr white/black
    zcurses string stdscr "$name line $selected (Press 'q' to select)"
    zcurses attr stdscr default/default
    zcurses refresh
}


How do I install different (upgrade or downgrade) PHP version in still supported Ubuntu release?

You could use a PPA to stay up-to-date with PHP or install previous version of PHP (f.e. PHP 5.6 on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS).

The most widely used repositories come from Ondřej Surý, the Debian PHP maintainer:

ppa:ondrej/php  (for PHP 5.6/7.0/7.1 co-installable versions, PHP 5.5 is no longer supported)

The php5 compat packages:

ppa:ondrej/php5-compat  (for dummy php5 to satisfy dependencies in the old packages)

(Click here for instructions on using PPAs.)

PHP PPAs previously contained Apache 2.4 update.  This is no longer a case, you need to add separate Apache 2.4 repository:

ppa:ondrej/apache2  (for Apache 2.4)

If you want use these PPAs, do this:

ppa:ondrej/php  (for PHP 5.6/7.0/7.1)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install php7.1   # for PHP 7.1
sudo apt-get install php7.0   # for PHP 7.0
sudo apt-get install php5.6   # for PHP 5.6

To switch between installed versions use

sudo update-alternatives --config php

Then you must set Apache to work with right version:

sudo a2dismod php7.1         # unload the current version
sudo a2enmod  php5.6         # load the version you need
sudo service apache2 restart # restart webserver to apply

ppa:ondrej/php5-compat  (for php5 compat)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php5-compat
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install php5 # this will pull php5.6 package

If you don't have add-apt-repository binary do the following:

sudo apt-get install python-software-properties

Precautions:

Are PPA's safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?
Each version of PHP has its own set of modules and php.ini.

PHP 5.4

Prepackaged latest PHP 5.4 now resides in separate PPA:
ppa:ondrej/php5-oldstable

Please be aware that PHP 5.4 has reached its end of life on 3. September 2015 and it doesn't receive any security updates.  It's recommended to migrate to at least PHP 5.6 that will receive security updated till 31. December 2018.


iMac Ubuntu 12.04 Dual Boot Live CD Hangs Bluetooth

I recommend you borrow a mouse and keyboard that are USB and plug them in to get past the install. Then install blueman package as it is needed to pair some apple devices


dual boot windows 10 and ubuntu 14.04 problem

I think updating to 15.04 is a good idea, i was having tons of problems with ubuntu 14.10, but when I upgraded to 15.04 they went away. It's known for being a more stable OS.


How to force command line VLC to stream youtube videos of specific quality?

You can set the required input video settings in VLC for your YouTube clip in either of two ways:

Locally using the command line
Globally using the GUI

Details of both options below:

Altering input video locally using the command-line:

You can request a specific video size from youtube from the commandline by using the --preferred-resolution option. This has the bonus of not changing vlc global settings, so settings specified in this manner are not saved. Settings for this are (seen in cvlc -h):

-1 (The default, this selects best available video quality)
1080 (This selects Full HD: 1080p)
720 (This selects HD: 720p)
576 (This selects Standard Definition: 576 or 480 lines)
360 (This selects Low Definition: 360 lines)
240 (This selects Very Low Definition: 240 lines)

So for your clip the following works nicely:

cvlc --preferred-resolution 240 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2Oo4kBHBNU

Altering input video globally using the GUI:

You can also alter the input video settings globally from the GUI preferences as shown in the screenshot below:

These settings are saved for subsequent vlc usage and will be saved in your vlc configuration file: ~/.config/vlc/vlcrc. As an example: this is added for a preferred resolution of 240:

# Preferred video resolution (integer)
preferred-resolution=240

You have to love vlc :)


Why isn't this driver install working (sudo code)?

I'm guessing that this is what you're installing.

The problem is that you need to specify the version of linux-headers to install. If you run  apt-cache search linux-headers, you'll see there are many different versions. To install the correct version, run

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)

This will automatically install the linux-headers for your particular system. After this point, the rest of the commands (make, etc) should work fine.

And regarding copying/pasting in the terminal versus elsewhere: Ctrl+Shift+C copies text you've selected in the terminal, whereas Ctrl+C copies text you've selected elsewhere (e.g., Firefox/Chrome). Similarly, use Ctrl+Shift+V to paste in the terminal and Ctrl+V to paste elsewhere.


AMD Catalyst Drivers 14.9 needs kernel-headers on 14.10, altough it is missing a version for Utopic

I had a similar issue.

After the failed boot up, logging in to the TTY and running

sudo startx

shows an error with the symbolic link to /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libglx.so - not found.

I created the symbolic link, but this did not solve the problem.  Currently unable to get startx to function using Catalyst 14.9 on Utopic 14.10.

I know that utopic was waiting on Catalyst with support for xorg 1.16 back in September and it's said it was there, but the 14.9 driver you download from the site still shows support up to xorg 1.15 only.  Not sure if this is the source of the issue or not.

I know that the installer allows you to package for Ubuntu/utopic, and install it using dkpg.. but this didn't make any difference either.

Any thoughts?  I upgraded for the same reasons (graphical support) as the OP. I use an MST hub for 3 monitors and the open-source-tested (non-fglrx) driver doesn't natively support MST through DP-1.2.  Would be really nice to get back to my 3 monitors.

Thanks.


Which is the role of Apache2 HTTP server if it concerns Ubuntu 18.04 Desktop in its original form, means as released by Canonical?

It's a web server. It's not needed by Ubuntu in the standard desktop installation, and is neither part of the standard desktop or server installation.

It's almost certainly installed as a result of some action by you, and can be removed if you don't see a need for it.


How to switch to app or start app on key press?

You can press Super+[Number] (e.g. Super+2).
Add Shift to open a new window.
The numbers are in the respective order of icons in the dock. Pressing Super+0 will reveal the numbers:


Is there any SCP program available for Ubuntu that does not require SFTP on a remote host?

Update : The problem here is that openwrt does not support linux clients without installing the sftp server.

See https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/howto/sftp.server

openwrt has no intention of resolving this, see https://trac.cyberduck.io/ticket/4161

So, from the first link, the solution , server side, is to install openssh-sftp-server

opkg update
opkg install openssh-sftp-server

You can then use any number of graphical clients or sshfs - see What is a program similar to WinSCP? and What is a program similar to WinSCP?

Alternate is to use winscp with wine

sudo apt-get install wine
wine winscp.exe


Data transfer between two remote servers linux (sftp)

If you have root access to Server A, you should install an sshd daemon on it and then open the correct ports on the firewall of server A and then mount the appropriate share on the HPC cluster using sshfs.

If you have no root access to server A, then the security design of your environment is what you have and there is nothing you can do...


Apparently the deb package for 15.10 will also work on 14.04. You can download it here:

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/rofi

Scroll down to where you see "The Wily Werewolf (supported)", click the arrow just below it to bring up the list of builds, and then download the correct .deb for you architecture (for me this is rofi_0.15.7-1_amd64.deb).

Then install with:

sudo dpkg -i rofi_0.15.7-1_amd64.deb

NOTE: run this command inside the directory to which you have downloaded the .deb file, and ensure the file name is correct depending on the file that you have downloaded.

You can use dpkg with the -r option to remove the package:

sudo dpkg -r rofi_0.15.7-1_amd64.deb

Source and further information: https://tuxdiary.com/2015/10/26/rofi/


problem: running scripts from remote dir

Open your /home/username/.bashrc file and add the following string:

alias command_name='/path/to/script'

for example you want to create a commmand named test1 and the script is in /home/your_user/scripts/test.sh so you just write in /home/your_user/.bashrc

alias test1 = '/home/your_user/scripts/test.sh

Hope this will work.


It appears the author of that PPA hasn't updated it in a few years, so it doesn't have a release for newer versions of Ubuntu.

If you want to go the PPA route (which is easiest) you can simply modify it to use the xenial PPA instead of bionic by modifying the associated file in /etc/apt.sources.d/roggan87-nr.list changing bionic to say xenial instead. Then do an apt update and it should find the packages and install them. Since it's an older PPA it may complain if the package dependencies have changed drastically over the years, but in this case they likely haven't.

It's also worth noting that you don't have to compile from source to use net-responsibility as they make .deb packages available here. In that case you can install the .deb file using gdebi.

Regarding why the compile is failing it appears that in OpenSSL had changes around 1.0.2 (info) relating to how the development libraries were used and this software wasn't updated. It's not a problem for binary packages / already built packages since it still can use later OpenSSL libraries, it's just a problem the developers of net-responsibility haven't updated.


I've been using Zoom on Ubuntu using the official .deb file downloaded from their site. However, the latest update (Version 5.1.412382.0614) made things look ugly (huge icons, low-res, etc) and behave strangely.
So, after some fiddling around I found that there is a snap of the zoom-client that works better than the .deb file with the added advantage that it auto-updates. You can install it from the Software Center or from the command line using the following command.
sudo snap install zoom-client


iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 27015 -m connlimit --connlimit-above 2 -j REJECT
iptables -A INPUT -p udp --dport 27015 -m connlimit --connlimit-above 2 -j REJECT

Connlimit:

  Allows you to restrict the number of parallel connections to a server per client IP address (or client address block).

--connlimit-above allow 2 connections per client host


Ubuntu 16.04 does not find "Singapore" in Time & Date, and the time is wrong

Apparently this is a bug since I see no choice for Singapore on any of my Ubuntu 16.04 machines.  16.04 has been out for a long time and Singapore is a major Republic.  I'd be surprised if there isn't a bug report already issued on this.

As a work around I suppose you'll need to select another location that's in the same time zone as you are.  Phnom Penh perhaps?


How to restore Windows7 after restore ubuntu bootloader?

Please boot to Ubuntu and open a terminal. Then execute this command

sudo update-grub

It should solve the problem.

See this question: How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?)


Gtk-WARNING: Failed to set text from markup due to error parsing markup (BIT.TRIP RUNNER)

This is most likely a developer error.
the string : "dst too small (32 < 52)"
should be "dst too small(32 > 52)"
in order to be parsed as markup;

If you can't fix that string then you will probably have to contact the developer.


It looks like you have two partitions on your drive.

The simplest way to fix that is to delete the partitions and create a new large partition that uses all the space, but this will delete any data you have on the stick so make sure to back it up first.  The bold text is what you should write, the regular text is output in the terminal:

$ **sudo fdisk /dev/sdc**
Command (m for help): **d**
Partition number (1-2): **1**
Command (m for help): **d**
Command (m for help): **n**
Command action
  e  extended
  p  primary partition (1-4)
**p**
Partition number (1-4): **1**
First cylinder (1-x, default: 1): **<RETURN>**
Using default value 1
Last cylinder of +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-x, default x): **<RETURN>**
Command (m for help): **w**

Now you should have a clean partition using the entire USB drive.  Time to create a file system:

$ **sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sdc1**

This should create a FAT32 file system compatible with most computers and other stuff you can insert a USB stick into.


combine multible commands in one run one of them is find

Thus:

find /Videos/ -name $(grep -vm 1 OK '~/content') -exec vlc {} \; ; sh '~/close.sh'

The second ; is not escaped and will be treated by bash as terminating the find command.

When you do

find /Videos/ -name $(grep -vm 1 OK '~/content') -exec vlc {} \; sh '~/close.sh'

The ; is escaped (note the \ before it) and is used to end the command for the exec option, so anything after that continues to be part of the overall find command. So when you need to run a command after the find (and anything it runs) exits, you need to add a second ; to tell bash that whatever follows is a new command.


Don't panic, it's only a little problem, follow my instructions to solve.
It can be a temporary folder, created by an application or by a user script.
It can also be a collateral result of data corruption, check the LOST+FOUND directory in the root of the mounted filesystem if your hardware lacks a group of continuity with long-lasting batteries.
In those cases you can safely delete it.

Do the following:

ask if the administrator or another user created the directory and why, if nobody knows, proceed;
login with the user owning the SehhdzEu6O directory (you);
start a terminal (xTerm or Terminal are both fine), type cd and press ENTER/RETURN;
type ls -l -h --author SehhdzEu6O | less and press ENTER/RETURN to obtain a list of files contained in the directory (use the arrows to move and q to exit);
type mount and press ENTER/RETURN: verify that the directory isn't a mount point and, if it is a mount point, don't proceed;
if the files in the directory are clearly useless (and not created by root or another user, you can see the file list), type

rm --preserve-root -d -r SehhdzEu6O

in the new window and press ENTER/RETURN. The directory and any file contained should disappear.

Contact your system administrator to report the event, if the system is not yours.
Please, feel free to comment under here if your have more questions and don't forget to press the left UP arrow if I'm of any help.
Have a nice day.


How can I use the VMware Unity feature from an Ubuntu host?

You can use Seamless Mode (also called seamless windows ) in VirtualBox.

  With the "seamless windows" feature of VirtualBox, you can have the windows that are displayed within a virtual machine appear side by side next to the windows of your host.

  To enable seamless mode, after starting the virtual machine, press the Host key (normally the right control key) together with "L". This will enlarge the size of the VM's display to the size of your host screen and mask out the guest operating system's background.

  To go back to the "normal" VM display (i.e. to disable seamless windows), press the Host key and "L" again.

(Source: VirtualBox seamless windows in online help)

In order to use seamless windows, you need to first install the VirtualBox guest additions.


constant=42
for f in *.txt; do    # choose your pattern as appropriate.
    IFS='-.' read id suffix ext <<< "$f"
    newname="$(( 10#$id + constant ))-yyy.$ext"
    echo mv "$f" "$newname"
done

I added "10#" in the arithmetic expression to ensure the number is treated as base-10 even if it begins with a zero.

If this doesn't meet your needs, please provide more requirements in the question.


Git basics, How can I grab files from git?

You answered it yourself in the question.

The password is the password/passprase you make locally when you create an ssh key. So if you set your password for the ssh key to foobar , then the password that you would need to enter when it asks you would be foobar - your password probably (and should be!) different, that's just an example.

If you forgot your password, then you should create a new one. For instructions on how to do that, take a look here.


You can use the tutorial to install a Git server as aking1012 proposed you or you could just install SSH server on your EC2 instance (probably it would be wise to secure it and change the default port).

Git can be server-less you init your repository and then you access it from remote via SSH. So instructions like this on the Ubuntu Server should do it:

GIT_DIR=project.git git init
cd project.git
git --bare update-server-info
cp hooks/post-update.sample hooks/post-update

Finally install SSH on your server:

sudo apt-get install ssh-server

Now, you should configure SSH to secure it.

It's time to put your project online (the data you already have on your development machine):

git push ssh://<username>@<remote-git-hostname>/path/to/project.git master

And now you can start cloning around. You go on your development machine:

git clone ssh://<username>@<remote-git-hostname>/path/to/dir.git

Check this excellent resource on Git.

And for generating your ssh keys for safer authentication, you can read this article about SSH authentication.


Once I attach a second display, when I then start my laptop without it, mouse cursor is invisible (but works). How to fix?

The workaround that I have used is switching to a TTY (Ctrl+Alt+F1 - Ctrl+Alt+F6) and switching back to the desktop (Ctrl+Alt+F7).


Wireless does not work on Levovo G530 (Broadcom 4312) ubuntu 13.10

Try installing the firmware-b43-lpphy-installer package for your chip.


I have restarted multiple times after update/upgrade and now it's working properly with this ~/.dropbox-dist/dropboxd start-up command.


How to install Windows 7 on the same partition as Ubuntu 12.04 ie. dual boot?

You should shrink the partition from within Ubuntu (use GParted, or something similar). You then can use the unformatted space to create a NTFS partition using Windows.

Note that Windows annoyingly overwrites the boot-sector and insists on using the Windows bootloader, so you need to reinstall GRUB afterwards; see: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RecoveringUbuntuAfterInstallingWindows


To exclude a directory, the following syntax is used in general:

rsync -avz --exclude 'directory' source/ destination/

Also, note that to specify an alternative port, -e 'ssh -p PORT_NO' is used and not "-e ssh -p PORT_NO"

So, try to run the following command :

rsync -avzP --exclude '/home/username/public_html/raj/sandip' -e 'ssh -p 18765' username@c45562.server.net:/home/username/public_html/raj/ /home/rajrathodbvn/public_html/raj/

This syntax has been verified on Ubuntu 16.04.


Bluetooth connection works but Preferences shows not connected

Seems like some have had an issue after an update for Ubuntu 11.10.

Just had to install blueman like this:

You can add blueman repositories by issuing this command:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:blueman/ppa

And to install it run:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install blueman

also check this:

Go into Terminal and type this:

gksu nautilus /etc/xdg/autostart


Troubleshooting Logkeys Keylogger Ubuntu 14.04 - Empty log file

Did you enter this?

logkeys --start --output path/to/logkeys.log

Also logkeys may need to be prompted with your correct device id; you can see the procedure to fix it in the docs, all the way down under 'Troubleshooting'

https://github.com/kernc/logkeys#Usage_how-to


Poor font rendering PDF-XChange Viewer running Wine

I had the same problem and could solve it by installing 'winetricks'.
Once installed you have several options to configure or "tweak" wine. What solved my problem was this simple command:

winetricks corefonts

It installs the Microsoft fonts into Wine so that the PDF-X Change Viewer has access to them.

I hope this helps.
Best,
   Stefan


Can not SSH into ubuntu using external after upgrade to 19.10?

So it turned out to be merely a change of LAN ip and some port forwardings on the router. Too much state involved here.


How can I recover from an interrupted upgrade from 18.04 to 18.10

Linux saves the day, YOA (yet once again).

So, having aborted the upgrade, the GUI screen presented my login screen, but would not wait for me to login.  Therefore, I moved into a TTY and connected to my phone as an ethernet connection.  Once I manually executed "network-manager" (note, not the same as "NetworkManager" which was either not yet installed or was hiding -- outside of path??), I had a connection to the internet.

sudo apt --fix-broken install

and, after some work (on the computer's part; I'm just watching lines scroll!), I'm getting closer and closer to having a usable system.  Indeed, this is the first of my messages being typed on affected machine.  :)

I'm so happy I moved to Ubuntu all those many, many moons ago.


Try running sudo apt install -f to fix broken packages.


How do I determine which is the current user's DE through CLI within SSH or Cron?

Finally, I've managed to create script, that has 100% success with several dozen attempts within 13 different desktop environments.

The script analysis the content of each /proc/$PID/envion file of the subject user and determine which is its current desktop environment.

$ cat ~/find-DE.bash

#!/bin/bash

# Determinate the subject user - $USR
if [ "$1" == "simple" ]; then
                USR="$(id -u)"
                OUTPUT="simple"
elif [ -z "${1}" ]; then
                USR="$(id -u)"
                OUTPUT="$2"
else
                USR="$1"
                OUTPUT="$2"
fi

[ "$USR" == "$(id -u)" ] && SUDO="" || SUDO="sudo"

# Get the most frequent value of any array - https://stackoverflow.com/a/43440769/6543935
get_frequent(){
    awk 'BEGIN{FS=" "} {for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) print $i}' | \
    awk '
      {
          n=++hsh[$1]
          if(n>max_occ){
             max_occ=n
             what=$1
          }else if(n==max_occ){
             if(what>$1)
                 what=$1
          }
      }
      END { print what }
    '
}

# Get the numbers of all $USR's processes
PS=`pgrep -U "${USR}"`

# Get the values of $XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP, $GDMSESSION, $DESKTOP_SESSION from each "/proc/$ProcessNumber/environ" file
for PN in $PS; do
        XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP+=$($SUDO sed -zne 's/^XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=//p' "/proc/$PN/environ" 2>/dev/null; echo " ")
        GDMSESSION+=$($SUDO sed -zne 's/^GDMSESSION=//p' "/proc/$PN/environ" 2>/dev/null; echo " ")
        DESKTOP_SESSION+=$($SUDO sed -zne 's/^DESKTOP_SESSION=//p' "/proc/$PN/environ" 2>/dev/null; echo " ")
done

# Get the most frequent name of any desctop environment
# This is a way to find the current DE when it is changed a little bit ago
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=$(echo -e ${XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP[@]} | get_frequent)
GDMSESSION=$(echo -e ${GDMSESSION[@]} | get_frequent)
DESKTOP_SESSION=$(echo -e ${DESKTOP_SESSION[@]} | get_frequent)

# Print the output values
if [ "$OUTPUT" == "simple" ]; then
        echo "${XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP[@],,}" | sed 's/\-.*//'
else
        echo "user: $(id -n -u $USR)"
        echo "uid:  $USR"
        echo "XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: ${XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP[@]^}"
        echo "GDMSESSION:          ${GDMSESSION[@]^}"
        echo "DESKTOP_SESSION:     ${DESKTOP_SESSION[@]^}"
fi

Usage:

$ ~/find-DE.bash
user: spas
uid:  1000
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: GNOME-Classic:GNOME
GDMSESSION:          Gnome-classic
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Gnome-classic

$ ~/find-DE.bash simple
gnome

$ ~/find-DE.bash 1001
user: guest
uid:  1001
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: Unity
GDMSESSION:          Ubuntu
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Ubuntu

$ time ~/find-DE.bash 1001 simple
unity

real    0m1.587s
user    0m0.536s
sys     0m0.400s

More results:

#1
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: Unity
GDMSESSION:          Ubuntu
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Ubuntu

#2
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: GNOME
GDMSESSION:          Gnome
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Gnome

#3
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: GNOME-Classic:GNOME
GDMSESSION:          Gnome-classic
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Gnome-classic

#4
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: LXDE
GDMSESSION:          LXDE
DESKTOP_SESSION:     LXDE

#5
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: LXDE
GDMSESSION:          Lubuntu
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Lubuntu

#6
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: LXDE
GDMSESSION:          Lubuntu-Netbook
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Lubuntu-Netbook

#7
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: GNOME
GDMSESSION:          Openbox
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Openbox

#8
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: KDE
GDMSESSION:          Plasma
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Plasma

#9
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: XFCE
GDMSESSION:          Xfce
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Xfce

#10
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: XFCE
GDMSESSION:          Xubuntu
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Xubuntu

#11
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: X-Cinnamon
GDMSESSION:          Cinnamon
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Cinnamon

#12
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: X-Cinnamon
GDMSESSION:          Cinnamon2d
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Cinnamon2d

#13
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP: MATE
GDMSESSION:          Mate
DESKTOP_SESSION:     Mate

:)


Error while importing "from visual import *"

I fixed it by installing a newer version of python-visual and libgtkglextmm.


After mounting the ntfs partition, all files are readonly

It seems that you must be using mount.ntfs instead of mount.ntfs-3g.

Make sure you have the ntfs-3g package installed. sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g.
In the fstab replace ntfs with ntfs-3g.
Run sudo mount -a (or reboot) and you should be good to go.


Ubuntu from a flash drive, where do files get stored?

If - when you created the flash drive - you granted space for personal files, Ubuntu will save your personal files up to that limit on the flash drive.
If you didn't, you will have to store them separately.


If you are running off of a USB drive that was set up using Startup Disc Creator or Unetbootin, make sure that when installing, you are using the "Reserved extra space" or "Space used to preserve files across reboots" options.

This will add a persistent file named casper-rw to the O/S, that will save changes.
Max size for this file is 4GB, if you need more persistence you can make a persistent ext partition named casper-rw.

With a persistent install it is still not recommended to do a software update and you will not be able to upgrade the kernel. You will be able to install programs and save settings.


Why not download a liveCD and see how it handles? That's really one of the easiest ways to find out.

That said, generally speaking, the only issue I've ever run into when it comes to compatibility/support is in the graphics cards. I've found driver support for cutting-edge ATI/AMD video cards to be sketchy, but that's been a while (I generally use Nvidia cards, because I'm pragmatic, and I've had good experiences with their proprietary drivers). However, a quick Google search for the card in your laptop brings up this chart, which suggests that it shouldn't be an issue, just make sure you keep your drivers up to date.

Also, generally speaking, the most recent versions of Ubuntu are widely supported. At this point, things have matured to the point that most systems are supported out of the box, or with just a little bit of configuring. So you're pretty often in the clear. As I said earlier, though, when in doubt, toss in a live CD and see how it handles (keeping in mind, of course, that the live CD will be slower than an installed copy).


I use Virtual Box and it works great.
It's pretty simple to use.  After installation, just click the "New" button in the toolbar, and a wizard will walk you through creating the VM.
Afterwards, click "settings", go to "storage" and mount the installation media (either as an .iso or the physical drive itself).  Click "ok".
Now you can start the VM and it should allow you to install the OS.
Here is an introduction article on virtualization on workswithu.com.  Click on the tags at the bottom of the article for even more info.


Apache 2 on Ubuntu Server 14.02 LTS - Apache won't load index.php

Here are some things you can do to troubleshoot the problem:

Restart apache2:

sudo apache2ctl restart

Is the php5 module enabled? Look for php5.conf and php5.load in your mods-enabled directory. If they're not there, check to be sure they're in your mods-available directory, and enable the module with

sudo a2enmod php5
sudo apache2ctl restart

Put a file named index.php and containing just <?php phpinfo(); ?> into your /var/www/html directory, then browse to your website. Does that file also appear to be a blank page?
Make sure the permissions and ownership of the index.php file allow the www-data user read access to the file.


What is the most accurate way to make a digital copy of a DVD?

I have had excellent results using Brasero.

I use DVD-RWs.


Printing is not centered and scanner does not work

This is a solution for scanning over a wireless connection on Ubuntu 18.04. It also should work with wireless and USB connections on Ubuntu 20.04.
Download and install sane-airscan
The file needed is here
sane-airscan is part of Debian unstable and Ubuntu Groovy and regarded as a very competent driverless scanning utility for modern scanners.
I would appreciate knowing if you can now scan and having the outputs of scanimage -L and airscan-discover.


How can I route between different network using multiple ethernet card?

You should look into "Setting up a Gateway in Debian/Ubuntu", if you want to allow other machines on the LAN to access the Internet.

Simple, single-machine setup

Read Notes and put Internet on eth0.  reboot and see if it is magically working.  If not...

route add host 192.168.0.1 eth1
route add --net 192.168.0.0/24 gw 192.168.0.1

Notes

Your default gateway and up-channel default to eth0.

Your Internet should be on eth0
Your LAN should be on eth1 (assuming ip of 192.168.0.1 for router)
Your LAN/eth1 should have a static or dhcp ip setup in /etc/networking

You may want to use bind for routing/dns

Sometimes, this is called named

You may want to use dhcpd for DHCP

References

IP Forwarding from Linux PC
Debian Router Gateway in 15 Minutes


what program should i use with a gzip archive

What you actually have is a tarball, so you'll want to use the tar command.

 tar -zxvf grub-1.99.tar.gz

If you had a file that was only .gz (and not .tar.gz) you would use

gunzip grub-199.gz


See list of all remembered wifi connections (and disable automatically connecting to some of them)

Ah, just found this under WiFi settings:

Known Wi-Fi Networks opens a dialog showing all known connections, where I can edit or remove them.


I recommend checking out winecfg.

From your terminal, run:

winecfg
Go to Applications tab
Check out the Windows Version dropdown. For example, when mine is set to Windows 7, I get black boxes and weird stuff. Changing it to Windows XP fixes the black areas.

I think at one point in my particular HeidiSQL issue, there was mention of intel driver issue, so I think it's worth mentioning that could you have a specific piece of hardware causing the issue. This would of course make it hard to reproduce, but as such, I think it's worth experimenting with the Windows Version options in winecfg to see if you can circumvent it.

There are some other graphics-related settings as well, not many but some. Good luck.

Source: https://www.heidisql.com/forum.PHP?t=22183


It's cached into RAM.

Fairly easy to test if you just use an absurdly high cache number. As long as you have enough RAM, you'll see an mplayer instance with super high RAM usage.

$ ps aux | awk 'NR==1 || $11~/^mplayer/'
USER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
oli       5869 21.5  0.5 1922224 147852 pts/5  Sl+  09:26   0:08 mplayer -cache 800000 ...
oli       5871  2.6  2.9 1163820 736484 pts/5  S+   09:26   0:00 mplayer -cache 800000 ...


Lubuntu unlike Ubuntu does not make use of Pulseaudio.  Instead it uses Alsa for sound.

Thus, it is likely you need to look at alsamixer or its gui alsamixgui to control which sound elements are enable or disabled.

You may also need to look at using alsamixer as a startup application with the syntax similar to

amixer -c 1 sset "PCM Capture Source" "Line" - obviously you need to change the values to your sound source and output type.

Also - look to see if you have two sound cards - if you have, sometimes swapping the cards works:

sudo su
cd /usr/share/alsa
cp -p alsa.conf alsa.conf.dist
sed -i 's/card 0/card 1/g' alsa.conf

I answered a LXDE sound-preferences question a while back which you may find useful.

As indicated in that answer, you could also install pulseaudio and use pavucontrol to control your pulseaudio setup.

As to a LXDE friendly volume control, my answer here is an accepted method you can try.


Usually your router is the gateway address. So executing

netstat -rn|grep "^0.0.0.0"

should give you the IP (second field) of the router


ssh authorized_keys : Configuring single public key for multipl hosts

In /home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys on the server to be accessed remotely, enter the public key (in Ubuntu, contents of /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa.pub) for the device the user will be logging in from. This will need to be repeated for all additional servers that it is desired for the user to log in to.

If the user has more than one device used to access the server, then there should be a public key for each device, with each public key on its own line in /home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys.


Is there any web browser with NPAPI plugins support?

The Pale Moon web browser is an interesting option. In the document Pale Moon future roadmap they make this statement:

"Pale Moon supports NPAPI plug-ins. Unlike Firefox, we will not be deprecating or removing support for these kinds of plug-ins. This means that you will be able to continue using your media, authentication, and other plug-ins in Pale Moon like Flash, Silverlight, bank-authenticators or networking plug-ins for specific purposes."


No HDD device mount icons on Nautilus when run nautilus non root in Ubuntu 18.04 Bionic Beaver

The design has changed and you need to bookmark them first. You will probably want to rename the bookmark as well. This GIF illustrates the technique:

From your "other locations" list pick a partition.
Click the upper right "hamburger" menu.
From the dropdown menu click the center menu button to bookmark it.
Move to the new sidebar entry and rename it from the mount name ("c" in my example) to something more meaningful ("Windows 10 SSD" in my example).


How do I set default screen size for headless machine?

What VNC server are you using ? Typically you set the display resolution when you start the server, for example with TightVNC

vncserver -geometry 1920x1080

Please update your question and identify which VNC server you are using.


After pip successful install: ModuleNotFoundError

I'm not exactly sure, but it's possible that you can't use pip install Pyside2 because Python only excepts pip install PySide2 (Notice the difference in capitalization). Try uninstalling Pyside2 and running pip install PySide2.


How to stop update for Mencoder & mplayer in my system (14.04)?

If your system wants to update Mencoder and Mplayer, this is because you have installed them using the packages provided by the Ubuntu software repositories.

If you prefer to use the most recent version that you compile yourself from the sources, then you should remove the version provided by Ubuntu :

sudo apt-get purge mencoder mplayer

After doing so, your system will stop managing the update to these software, you will just need to compile from sources yourself each time you need a new recent version.

Updated

As the OP tells in the comment, he is using the guide provided in the Help Cener of Ubuntu.
I've reviewed this guide and found out that, yes, this will allow to build the mencoder & mplayer from source but the process described there will also create .deb package out of them and install them as any other Ubuntu package.

As seen in the procedure : to compile MPlayer you are asked to add the following parameter to an install command : --pkgversion "2:1.0~svn$(LC_ALL=C svn info 2> /dev/null | grep Revision | cut -d' ' -f2)" therefore fixing a version into this package which is inferior to the one found for this package in the repositories.

Thus it is now understandable why after following the tutorial, the software are updated along with any apt-get upgrade.

So, or you manually provide an higher value to the version string, or you follow the post referred by the duplicate note in your question to lock the package and avoid they are updated with the system.


Autokey (autokey-qt) not listening to key commands but works fine from mouse menu

To fix this "empty separator" error I had to dig though the hidden files in my ~/.config/autokey/data sub-folders

hint 1: the filenames begin with a .

hint 2: start with your newest phrases as they are the most likely culpret.

Inside the text files there is a section that should look like:

    "abbreviations": [
        ",a",
        ",alpha"
    ],

Where the ,a and the ,alpha above correspond to the key sequence that triggers the insertion of your corresponding phrase.

However in an offending 'Phrase' rule there will be an extra blank entry in the 'abbreviation' section as follows

"abbreviations": [
    ",a",
    ",alpha",
    ""
],

Delete the quoted blank "" and proceeding comma ,

Save the file and restart Autokey, and it should now work.


This is not normal and looks like to be related to an issue with the proprietary Nvidia/ATI drivers.

See the bug reports on Launchpad #563878 and #653274.

Normally, during boot and shutdown Ubuntu is supposed to display a high-res Ubuntu logo and not show any text at all.

However, with Lucid Lynx and the recent Maverick Meerkat something changed that this does not work anymore for certain configurations.

For me, using the free open source driver this works as expected. However, using the proprietary AMD fglrx driver, both, the boot screen and the shutdown screen are replaced by ugly, low-res text.

This does not impact any functionality, but is just a cosmetic thing, which is hopefully attended to and fixed soon.

UPDATE:

It seems like I have found a solution for this problem when using the ATI driver fglrx.

Install the packagestartupmanager with apt-get install startupmanager.

Run it with gksudo startupmanager or by selecting System->Administration->StartUp-Manager.

On the Boot Options tab select the desired (high) resolution and color depth (24 bits). Check the box Show Boot Splash, uncheck the box Show text during boot.

Then hit Close and reboot. Now you should see the boot splash screen instead of the text during boot up and shut down.

This solved the problem for me.

NOTE: This might not solve the problem for people using the Nvidia graphics driver.


Cannot install app from non home directory

./ means "this directory". If you've moved it somewhere else you either need to change directory with cd:

cd /media/hosam/I/Linux
./netbeans-7.4-linux.sh

Or give the full path when calling it:

/media/hosam/I/Linuxnetbeans-7.4-linux.sh

You'll also need to make sure it has been marked executable. You can do this through the right click properties menu in Nautilus or by running

chmod +x /media/hosam/I/Linuxnetbeans-7.4-linux.sh

If that still doesn't work, it seems likely that the filesystem it's sitting on is probably mounted in such a way that prevents files being directly executed. That leaves you with a few options:

Call sh /media/hosam/I/Linuxnetbeans-7.4-linux.sh explicitly (this doesn't need execute permissions)
Remount the /media/hosam/ filesystem as executable. If it's NTFS, see this
Or move the file to a filesystem that will support it being chmod +x


Just try a simple command loop, very low processing power, but useful.

#!/bin/bash
x=0
while [ true ]
    do if [ $x = 0 ]
        then if [ -s /media/myflashdrive/* ]
            then bash /home/user/myscript.sh
            x=1
        fi
        else if [ -s /media/myflashdrive/* ]
            then true
            else x=0
        fi
     fi
sleep 10
done

Save this in /etc/ and add this line to /etc/rc.local :

bash /etc/this_script.sh &

Make sure you add that before the exit 0.
Done! Whenever your flashdrive mounts myscript.sh will run, then when its unmounted, x will equal 0 again and the script will start looking for it again for you to plug it in!


Why setting POSIXLY_CORRECT=1 does not work?

You should be typing :

env POSIXLY_CORRECT=1

or

export POSIXLY_CORRECT=1

this is the correct syntaxe.

hope this helps :)


Adding Facebook Online Account - "application you are trying to use doesn't exist or has been disabled"

I also experienced the same problem. There is an update released for empathy which fixes this. Software Updater should do it, or check out some launchpad ppa for empathy


Install all recent packages installed on other computer.

You don't need to make it as you wish, there is a better way of backing up a list of programs:

On the First compute run those commands:

dpkg --get-selections > /some-path/packages.list

sudo cp -R /etc/apt/sources.list* /some-path/

sudo apt-key exportall > /some-path/Repo.keys

Then copy those files to the other computer and there run those commands to install exactly the same apps from the first computer:

sudo apt-key add /some-path/Repo.keys

sudo cp -R /some-path/sources.list* /etc/apt/

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install dselect

sudo dpkg --set-selections < /some-path/packages.list

sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade -y


Can I install wubi ubuntu 12.04 in a partition (D:) other than Windows Partition (C:)?

For LiveCD installation

When installing Ubuntu, choose the option to install alongside Windows.

The Windows bootloader will be changed from the Windows Bootloader to Grub. This is a third pary loader which searches your hard  disk drives looking for different Operating Systems and should see both you windows and Ubuntu installations.

For wubi installation

It should be straight forward with no problems.

To see a video tutorial visit YouTube


How can I install rjags on Ubuntu AMI on EC2?

As soon as I gave up, I found the answer.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:marutter/rrutter
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install r-base-dev jags r-cran-rjags

Subsequently, biocLite("rjags") works well. As the post informs me though, JAGS will exhaust a micro instance quickly anyway, so I didn't try the way in Dirk Eddelbuettel's comment anymore.


What is an alternative Linux application for Visual Basic?

The closest free alternative to visual basic for Linux would be Gambas Basic. It is similar to visual basic but there is some differences, and you can't just copy and paste in VB code, if you want to see the differences you can see them at http://gambasdoc.org/help/doc/diffvb?show. Another thing that you could try is to run visual basic and the applications that you programmed in the Wine emulator under Linux.

If you are wanting to continues using Linux, just like Mfillpot said, yes you should learn python or bash.

I hope this helps.

Quoting user Mrx3000 Source


Screen tearing in Firefox when using Sawfish

To fix this, run a compositor (these provide off-screen buffers for each window) alongside your non-compositing window manager. Compton seems to do the trick.

Install the needed packages and add this to .gnomerc:

# To get tearing-free video in Firefox
hsetroot -solid '#000000'
compton --backend glx &             # Worked for me in Ubuntu 16.04
compton --backend xr_glx_hybrid &   # Works for me in Ubuntu 18.04

The hsetroot line is needed if the background goes gray.

My setup:
Software: Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS, Firefox 59.0.1, Sawfish 1.11, and Compton 0.1~beta2.
Graphics: RADEON(0): Chipset: "CAICOS" (ChipID = 0x6779)

Tearing tests:

4k vsync test 60fps
tearing test @29.97 fps (1080p)
Web browser "VSYNC synchronization" tester

More information:

How to enable transparency (discusses compositors for Sawfish)
Howto: Using Compton for tear-free compositing on XFCE or LXDE
1134077 - HTML5 video tearing in full-screen mode on mutter (GNOME) due to vsync problem and compositor bypass (discussion about Firefox and compositing)

Some related questions:

Optimus laptop - Chopping and stuttering videos with Intel onboard graphics and screen tearing with Nvidia graphics
How do I remove screen tearing in 16.04 with nvidia GTX 960 M?


What you actually need first of all is this script here:

#!/bin/sh
eval "export $(egrep -z DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS /proc/$(pgrep -u $LOGNAME gnome-session)/environ)";

#Code:
DISPLAY=:0
notify-send "Hello James how is your day going"

You can test by running it every minute.

*/1 * * * * /tmp/myjob.sh

This will give you a popup every minute with how you are doing ;)


How to configure clicking a launcher icon minimizes all related apps

Essentially you can't. There is (was) an open bug about this, but the Unity developers/designers marked it as won't fix, despite over 100 people marking it as "affects me". So essentially... no.


boot partition does not get updated in LVM setup

Here is the solution to my question:

identify your /boot partition's UUID:

# blkid

Use that UUID to update your /etc/fstab table to mount your boot partition automatically:

UUID=PUT-YOUR-UUID-HERE /boot ext2 defaults 0 0

To keep things clean I deleted the content of the current /boot directory (make a backup):

sudo rm /boot/*

You will probably get an error message regarding your EFI subdirectory (if you use UEFI). Thats no problem, just skip the error message.

Now reboot.

In case you had a newer kernel image installed you might want to update the /boot partition/directory. I did it this way:

sudo aptitude update
sudo aptitude reinstall linux-image-generic
sudo update-initramfs -u

You should now see a new file named "initrd.img-3..." in your /boot directory. Assuming you had this kernel image installed previously, check your backup of the old /boot directory and copy the matching "abi...", "config...", "system..." and "vmlinux..." files to your /boot directory (must be root to do this, so use sudo). Then use the terminal again:

sudo update-initramfs -u
sudo update-grub

You should no be set and boot you computer from your /boot partition (as intended) and this is also mounted as /boot on startup, thus when you now update your system the correct /boot directory is updated as well.

NOTE: I ran into another minor bug when using update-grub on a separate /boot-partition. I got an error message on startup. It is related to grub not being able to find font files and then failing to set gfxmode. No biggie, your system will boot just fine...but annoying...to fix this you will simply have to copy the font files to /boot/grub
Here is the related launchpad.net bug and here the fix (see comment #24)


This is suitable for people that like to let their laptop batteries discharge automatically and then recharge at a certain percentage.

Hardware component (20 bucks)

First you need an TP-Link HS100 compatible smart plug like this one:

Software component (Free)

Then you need some free Linux software like tp-link Wi-Fi Smart Plug HS100:

Switch plug on:

hs100.sh on

Switch plug off:

hs100.sh on

Check if plug is on or off:

hs100.sh check

Print plug system status:

hs100.sh status

Blog about developing hs100.sh including full bash script


How to configure the Orage Calendar & Clock

To change the first weekday to Sunday you need to change the locale file, recompile the locale definition files and restart the unity panel. first_weekday 1 is Sunday. 2 is Monday...

sudo sed 's/first_weekday .*/first_weekday 1/' -i /usr/share/i18n/locales/${LANG%.UTF-8}
sudo locale-gen
killall unity-panel-service


What happens if I downgrade libpython in 18.04?

This happens when you forget to use ppa-purge before upgrading.  It's annoying, but not a serious problem.  You have to identify all the Python 3.6 packages that did not come from the primary Ubuntu archive and reinstall the right versions.

One way of doing that is to use apt-show-versions:

sudo apt install apt-show-versions
sudo apt-show-versions -i    # rebuild index; only needed once

apt-show-versions|grep -v uptodate|grep -v not.installed

Then look for packages having python3.6 in the name.

Now the simpler option is to uninstall them all:

sudo apt remove --auto-remove libpython3.6-stdlib ...

Now you can proceed with sudo apt install vim (and reinstall any other packages you need that got removed when you removed the old PPA Python 3.6).


unmet dependencies - keyboard-configuration

Had this same issue on Xubuntu 16.04.  My resolution was to rename /etc/default/keyboard and /etc/default/console-setup, then run sudo apt-get -f install. This corrected the errors in setting up keyboard-configuration, console-setup-linux, and console-setup.


Ubuntu 12.04 is a Long Term Support (LTS) version, which means that it is going to be supported for 5 years after the initial release based on Ubuntu policies. So, you should expect to be fine until some time in 2017. After that, indeed, you will be better off upgrading to another LTS release (14.04 is the current LTS, the next one should be 16.04).


Looking for a bitmap editor for screenshots

I use gimp, but Lubuntu comes with mtpaint, which is much lighter than gimp. You find it in the repository 'universe'. Try it and check if it will work for you.


Unable to start react-native application on ubuntu 12.04

ENOSPC can arise when you do not have enough space on your hard disk or file partition for your root directory "/" where all installed files are saved.

Open up your "Disk Usage Analyzer" to view how much space you have left and also view directories that are taking up a bunch of space but can be gotten rid of.

When you do this, you should have enough space to start up your project.

Useful commands to use that could get rid of junk and useless files and part files include:

sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get purge
sudo apt-get autoremove

let me know if that helps or you found a better solution


This is what worked for me.

modify: /etc/initramfs-tools/modules

add the modules (each per new line):

ahci
libahci

modify then this file:
/etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf

and change < most > into < list>

run: update-initramfs -u

Reboot to BIOS, switch to AHCI and boot Xubuntu.

Source: https://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1040648.html
The similar procedure works for Windows: https://winaero.com/blog/switch-from-ide-to-achi-after-installing-windows-7-or-windows-8/


Is there a way to show progress when copying/moving files using the command line?

rsync --progress $SRC $DEST can show you the percentage of what has been copied so far.


Here is a post that describes the shadow password process/algorithm (how you can figure out what the password is):

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=5318038

I hope it doesn't confuse you too much, but I couldn't find much else.


Win 10 64/ vb with ununtu 64 installed need 64bit vb on system

For me it was the Hyper-V that was enabled (turn windows features on/off). I.e. you have to disable it (both can't work together as it seems).
Check this question/answer here:

Why does virtualbox only have 32-bit option, no 64-bit option on Windows 7?

If VirtualBox is only showing 32 bit versions in the Version list make sure:
Your Host OS is 64-bits
Intel Virtualization Technology and VT-d are both enabled in the BIOS
The Hyper-V platform is disabled in your Windows Feature list.

Also, more details as to 'why':
Virtualbox has no 64-bit options

This is more of a summary (as Q/A on this are not that specific) and Hyper-V seems like the most common problem (virtualization is most often enable already, and you probably know what type of system you're running).

EDIT: this is not the answer to OP troubles, once he described what he actually wants, but I'm leaving it as it is for now.


How do I install ubuntu over earlier ubuntu?

Mere copying iso to the thumb drive will not make it a bootable disk. Please follow the steps given here

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/FromUSBStick


I'm attempting to enable postfix filtering in fail2ban and systemd won't let it start

I had the same issue with new version of Fail2Ban Monitor on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

With the new update they made a bit more structure on config.

But when you start a service fail2ban then you get detailed output to syslog something like this

Nov  2 02:05:16 xost fail2ban-client[3171]: ERROR  No file(s) found for glob /var/log/mail.warn
Nov  2 02:05:16 xost fail2ban-client[3171]: ERROR  Failed during configuration: Have not found any log file for postfix jail

or like this

Nov  2 02:28:35 xost fail2ban-client[9365]: ERROR  Failed during configuration: Bad value substitution: option 'logpath' in section 'sshd' contains an interpolation key 'syslog_authpriv' which is not a valid option name. Raw value: '%(sshd_log)s'
Nov  2 02:28:35 xost systemd[1]: fail2ban.service: Control process exited, code=exited status=255
Nov  2 02:28:35 xost systemd[1]: Failed to start Fail2Ban Service.

Just make sure you filled in all vars.

In jail.conf put the proper vars file:

[INCLUDES]
before = paths-common.conf

And in this file check that all logs you going to monitor are indicated

# There is no sensible generic defaults for syslog log targets, thus
# leaving them empty here so that no errors while parsing/interpolating configs
syslog_daemon =
syslog_ftp = /var/log/proftpd/proftpd.log
syslog_local0 =
syslog_mail_warn = /var/log/mail.log
syslog_user =

In my example, since I expect to monitor postfix and proftpd I had to put the paths of their logs


Minetest crashes when checking the "public server list" box

Ok I finally fixed my problem. It seems that Canonical does not like to update their repositories very often. So this is how to install a working version of minetest:

Uninstall minetest and minetest-server from Ubuntu Software Center. (go to the Installed tab, minetest is under Games)
Press ctrl-alt-T and type into the console "sudo add-apt-repository ppa:minetestdevs/stable"
If you couldn't uninstall minetest-server from the software center type "sudo apt-get remove minetest-server" or it will not let you install minetest. (of course this whole time you might not have installed minetest-server at all, in which case don't worry about it)
Type "sudo apt-get install minetestc55". When the console finishes doing its business, press Super/Start, search for Minetest, and drag the icon into the Launcher.
Enjoy.