The first option is not completely stupid. "Hybrid RAID1" does work if configured properly. I have ran this setup myself until my SSD started acting weird and moved out of the box.

See these articles for guidance:

http://tansi.info/hybrid/

http://www.vinsec.net/2012/05/hybrid-hdd-ssd-raid1.html

https://superuser.com/questions/293144/combining-ssd-and-hard-disk-in-software-raid1


12.04.03 is 708MB in size.

It only fits on a 800MB CD, but they are rare (at least in my country).

Your best bet is to burn it on a DVD or put the installer on an USB drive, if your PC ist capable of booting from usb.


You need to press the TAB key and then on the option you want (probably the YES or OK button), you have to press the Enter key.

Image:


Encrypt USB That Is Compatible With Windows

Veracrypt is an open-source encryption package that will certainly do this since there are versions of the software for both Linux and Windows.


Firefox becoming unresponsive after suspending on Kubuntu 18.10

Unfortunately, its bug in Firefox - Bug #1492580 "Infinite loop in GLContext::RawGetErrorAndClear from endless GL_CONTEXT_LOST with Nvidia Linux drivers and suspend/resume"

There is no solution so far unless Mozilla undo change which caused it - Bug 1484782, which is part of preparation to enable WebRender on Linux

Bug was not present in Firefox 62 and was not fixed in time to "ride trains" of Firefox 63, so you may want either downgrade to Firefox 62 or to shutdown Firefox each time your going to suspend your system.

As noted in comments staying on Firefox 62 in long run may be not best idea, especially if Mozilla will drag on resolving this bug.
 In this case switching to Firefox ESR (based on Firefox 60) maybe better solution - https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/organizations/

It would not hurt also to get Mozilla informed that you DO suffer from this bug by posting in comment in Bugzilla' bug mentioned earlier..


Execute the following commands in terminal

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys <PUBKEY>

where  is your missing public key for repository, e.g.

Execute the following commands in terminal

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys <PUBKEY>

where PUBKEY is your missing public key for repository, e.g. 6494C6D6997C215E.

Then update

sudo apt-get update

ALTERNATE METHOD:

sudo gpg --keyserver pgpkeys.mit.edu --recv-key  <PUBKEY>
sudo gpg -a --export <PUBKEY> | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get update


Pedro Castro (the developer of Gnome Subtitles) added a Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty Tahr build of Gnome Subtitles version 1.3 to his PPA repository. I tested this new version and it's working like a charm. More info see here and here.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:pedrocastro/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gnome-subtitles


I think what you're looking for is: sudo ddclient -query

That command will spit out the local IP addresses of all the interfaces on the machine (eg: lo, eth0, wlan0) followed by the dynamic public IP addresses current set for with dyndns.com.

Peace.


terminator
 can do exactly this. It is available in the software center.


Xubuntu 12.10can't boot, can't login to tty(x)

Try to reset your password, here's a guideline

If this doesn't help, it may be fastest to install a fresh Xubuntu 12.10 (even though Linux can always be fixed ;-) Be sure to back up all your data, including hidden folders (starting with .) in your home dir that contain your settings. To my experience, restoring these settings by copying them back is safe as long as you stay with the same software versions (i.e. those that come with Xubuntu 12.10 in your case). Also back up your .deb packages in /var/cache/apt/archives; use them to remember what software was installed. (Tools such as gdebi or APTonCD may help.)

For backing up, consider copying the entire partition using gparted from the Live CD. Instead of backing up, consider replacing your hard disk by a new one, and then connect your old disk externally using some suitable USB - SATA adapter in order to copy your data back (fastest)


Can't use Seagate Backup Plus external hard drive on this laptop

I had the same issue recently. When I googled I found out that I need to boot up with Windows and run ckdsk /f or probably the same thing from GUI, via properties menu of a disk. I could believe that Ubuntu can not fix it itself...But it really does the trick.

NTFS is a closed source Microsoft file system, and you'll need Windows to repair it, by running chkdsk /f, as suggested. So, Ubuntu is not going to make as assumption what caused the changes on NTFS that it looks strange, and moreover not going to fix it relying on assumptions.

Give it a try.


Logitech G700 mouse scrollwheel is way too sensitive, how can I configure it?

I don't know about the Logitech G700, but here's what I did for my Perixx MX-2000, maybe it's something like that for you too :

Perixx delivered my mouse with a CD-ROM containing the software to configure it's buttons, sensibility, LED and Macro's
I installed this software on a Windows Operating System and plugged my mouse in.
I configured everything through the Perixx Software
Once I was sure that my mouse did exactly what I wanted it to do, I unplugged it.

Now, everything is configured inside the mouse, so I don't need the software anymore. When I plug it in Ubuntu, MacOS or Windows, everything I choose is working.


How I can set-up LXTerminal in Lubuntu to start maximized?

For Ubuntu 12.04:

Inside the applications block in /home/(your username)/.config/openbox/lxde-rc.xml, add the following block and it will work:

<applications>
    <application name="lxterminal">
        <maximized>yes</maximized>
    </application>
</applications>

Similarly, if you want to minimize it, use iconic tab and set to "no".

If you want it full screen, there is also the aptly named fullscreen tag you can use exactly as the maximized tag example above.


Can't Install Apps using Software Center

I think Software centre is not indexed properly / not working properly these days. Don't quote me, I am not an expert. I have never really used it anyway. I use synaptic package manager for managing my software packages, why not give that a try and see how you get on.

 sudo apt-get install synaptic

It will appear in your main menu, run it then enter whatever you like in the search box. Select and install packages.


How to shut down the computer safely by pressing the power button?

Yes, that is exactly how I'm running: a light tap on the power button just shuts down the machine!

Just press Ctrl+Alt+T to go to a terminal and type:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'shutdown'

Voilà:
The power button now powers off the machine!

To be completely honest: the other day I was at a friend and one of her cats ran across my laptop and shut down the machine, so to be avoided near cats! ;-)


Is it better to have dual windows/linux ubuntu in different SSD or in the same one?

IT is certainly "Better" to install Ubuntu in the 2nd drive. Like Daniel Massey said, it is advisable to partition the 1TB drive and create a shared NTFS partition so that you can safely access files created by both OS without accidentally damaging or deleting important system files by accident. Follow these instructions and you will be fine.

A) UEFI/BIOS

Set to "UEFI mode only" (no legacy/CSM).
Disable "secure boot"
Disable "Intel Rapid Start" (if equipped)
Disable "fast boot" in UEFI (note this is different than the "fast startup" setting in Windows 8/10). The options in your UEFI/BIOS might say something like Full/Minimal/Automatic for boot mode. Select Full (or thorough, or complete, etc whatever your UEFI vendor has chosen to call it).

B) Advanced Power Options (Fastboot)

Disable fast startup in Windows 8/10 under "advanced power options". Restart computer to ensure that this subsequent boot and the next reboot/shutdown will be in "normal" mode.

C) Rufus / Bootable USB stick

Use Rufus to create a bootable USB stick with your choice of Ubuntu based distro. Make sure in Rufus that you CHOOSE the option UEFI/GPT only. This ensures the Linux environment boots only into UEFI mode during your install.

D) Boot Menu

Reboot your computer and press key for one time boot menu (Dell is typically F12). Select your USB stick from the boot options.

  Note:

  Make sure it says UEFI in front of the USB stick in the boot menu.

  If not, return to Windows and recreate your USB stick with Rufus ensuring you choose the UEFI/GPT (only) option.

E) Boot into USB Stick

Boot into Linux live environment and begin the install.

F) Installation type

When you get to the installation option, choose "Something else" at the bottom of the Ubiquity installer.

G) Create partitions

Find your secondary HDD that you will be installing Linux to.

In my case it was listed as /dev/sdc (with /dev/sda being the windows drive and /dev/sdb the USB drive [which was invisible in the installer]).

So basically:

+--------------+--------+---------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Device path  | Device | Operating System (OS)     | Visible in Ubiquity installer? |
+--------------+--------+---------------------------+--------------------------------+
| /dev/sda     |  SSD   | Windows 10                | yes                            |
| /dev/sdb     |  USB   | Ubuntu 20.04 (Live Stick) | no                             |
| /dev/sdc     |  SSD   | None                      | yes                            |
+--------------+--------+---------------------------+--------------------------------+

1st Partition / EFI (For separate EFI partition. See below for what this does.)

Select your target drive (in my case /dev/sdc)
Select "Make New Partition Table" (IMPORTANT: This will format the entire disk. Do not do this if you have any data you want in this disk. In that case, you can back up the data and proceed. You can recreate a partition and store the data back in there.)
Partition the target drive as follows:

  Size: 650 MB
  Type for the new partition: Primary
  Location for the new partition: Beginning of this space
  Use as: EFI (this will be listed as /dev/sdc1 efi in the partitioning tool once you create it)

2nd Partition / Root (All the software you install are stored here)

Select "free space" under your target drive (in my case /dev/sdc)
Select "+"
Partition the target drive as follows:

  Size: min. 10 GB (25+GB recommended. I have 40GB)
  Type for the new partition: Primary
  Location for the new partition: Beginning of this space
  Use as: ext4
  Mount point: Choose "/"

3rd Partition / Swap (Only needed if you want to Hybernate)

Select "free space" under your target drive (in my case /dev/sdc)
Select "+"
Partition the target drive as follows:

  Size: Depends on your RAM. See Swap FAQ.
  Type for the new partition: Primary
  Location for the new partition: Beginning of this space
  Use as: swap

4th Partition / Home (Only needed if you want to keep your personal files separate from / Root partition)

Select "free space" under your target drive (in my case /dev/sdc)
Select "+"
Partition the target drive as follows:

  Size: Remainder of space on the drive or any size you want. (You will need to leave some space if you want to make another partition. As you are going to create a shared NTFS, leave 500GB free. Of course, you can always shrink "/home" partition later)
  Type for the new partition: Primary
  Location for the new partition: Beginning of this space
  Use as: ext4
  Mount point: Choose "/home"

H) Boot loader Device

BEFORE clicking "Install Now", from the "device for boot loader installation" option button, select the 650MB EFI partition you just created as the target for the bootloader. (example /dev/sdc1 in my case).
Click "Install Now".

I) Installation & Reboot

Finish the installation process and reboot (removing the USB stick when your UEFI/BIOS screen logo appears).

J) Upon reboot

After UEFI/BIOS reads the new bootloader entry that Linux has added to it, you will be presented with the grub menu with a listing of your Linux distro as well as a listing to boot Windows 10.

Boot into Ubuntu
Install any updates and then reboot and attempt to enter Windows 10 from the grub menu to make sure that grub correctly handles the hand-off to the Windows 10 bootloader.
In Windows disk manager, select the free space in the drive with Ubuntu and create an NTFS partition. (I will assume you gave it the drive letter D:)

K) Setup Automout for D:

Boot into Ubuntu.
Open the "Disks" utility.
Select the partition you want to automount. (D:)
Click the icon with 2 cogwheels. (Additional partition options)
Select "Edit Mount Options".
Turn the "User Session Defaults" option to "Off".
Check the box "Mount at system startup" Make sure "Show in the user interface" is also checked.
Replace the line that says nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show with users,uid=1000,dmask=027,fmask=137,x-gvfs-show,utf8.
Change the "Mount point" to something less complicated like /mnt/D or /mnt/MyFiles.
Change the "Filesystem Type" to ntfs-3g.
Click "OK" and you are all set!

What you have done:

You have installed the Linux EFI bootloader to the newly created EFI partition. In the process of this, Linux has added an entry to your UEFI listings in your systems UEFI/BIOS. Linux has also automatically detected your Windows 10 install and added a grub menu item to boot it. Your computer at this point will now automatically boot to Linux unless you choose to boot to Windows (from the Grub menu). You can make it boot straight into Windows by moving "Windows Boot Manager" above "Ubuntu" in the boot sequence in firmware settings (You will not see grub when you do this and you will only be able to boot into Ubuntu again through boot options (Usually F12 during boot) or by moving Ubuntu up in boot sequence again).

What you have not done:

You have not in any way altered your Windows 10 install or its bootloader or even so much as touched the Windows 10 EFI partition. Everything is reversible simply by removing the Linux UEFI listing from your UEFI/BIOS settings. How to do so varies from each vendor.

Borrowed and edited from user613363's answer. (Dual Boot Windows 10 and Linux Ubuntu on Separate Hard Drives)


Apport Crash reports should be located in:

/var/crash

And when I look at one:

jmunsch@NE-522:/var/log$ sudo cat /var/crash/*.*

ProblemType: Crash
Architecture: i386
Date: Fri Jul 11 20:40:09 2014
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 12.04

This is the program that caused a problem:

ExecutablePath: /usr/sbin/winbindd
ExecutableTimestamp: 1395068066
ProcCmdline: /usr/sbin/winbindd
ProcCwd: /var/log/samba/cores/winbindd
ProcEnviron:
 TERM=linux
 PATH=(custom, no user)

These are the C shared objects / shared libraries that were being used by the problem program:

ProcMaps:
 b6606000-b6622000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 394314     /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
 b6622000-b6623000 r--p 0001b000 08:01 394314     /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
 b6623000-b6624000 rw-p 0001c000 08:01 394314     /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
 b6642000-b664d000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 442782     /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnss_files-2.15.so
 b664d000-b664e000 r--p 0000a000 08:01 442782     /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnss_files-2.15.so
 b664e000-b664f000 rw-p 0000b000 08:01 442782     /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnss_files-2.15.so
 b664f000-b6659000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 442517     /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnss_nis-2.15.so
 b6659000-b665a000 r--p 00009000 08:01 442517     /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnss_nis-2.15.so
 b665a000-b665b000 rw-p 0000a000 08:01 442517     /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnss_nis-2.15.so
 b665b000-b6662000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 442803     /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnss_compat-2.15.so
 b6662000-b6663000 r--p 00006000 08:01 442803     /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnss_compat-2.15.so
 b6663000-b6664000 rw-p 00007000 08:01 442803     /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnss_compat-2.15.so
 b666c000-b6670000 rw-s 00000000 00:0f 11331      /run/samba/messages.tdb
 b6670000-b6679000 rw-s 00000000 08:01 393253     /var/lib/samba/account_policy.tdb
 b6679000-b6682000 rw-s 00000000 08:01 445067     /var/lib/samba/passdb.tdb
 b6682000-b668a000 rw-s 00000000 08:01 394026     /var/cache/samba/winbindd_cache.tdb
 b668a000-b668b000 rw-s 00000000 08:01 442342     /var/cache/samba/netsamlogon_cache.tdb
 b668b000-b668d000 rw-s 00000000 00:0f 11353      /run/samba/serverid.tdb
.
.
.

This shows what the program was doing when the crash happened:

ProcStatus:
 Name:  winbindd
 State: S (sleeping)
 Tgid:  1556
 Pid:   1556
 PPid:  1
 TracerPid: 0
 Uid:   0   0   0   0
 Gid:   0   0   0   0
 FDSize:    256
 Groups:
 VmPeak:       18000 kB
 VmSize:       17880 kB
 VmLck:        0 kB
 VmPin:        0 kB
 VmHWM:     2956 kB
 VmRSS:     2956 kB
 VmData:         400 kB
 VmStk:      136 kB
 VmExe:     7668 kB
 VmLib:     8656 kB
 VmPTE:       44 kB
 VmSwap:           0 kB
 Threads:   1
 SigQ:  2/30418
 SigPnd:    0000000000000000
 ShdPnd:    0000000000000000
 SigBlk:    0000000000000400
 SigIgn:    0000000000001000
 SigCgt:    0000000180014e47
 CapInh:    0000000000000000
 CapPrm:    ffffffffffffffff
 CapEff:    ffffffffffffffff
 CapBnd:    ffffffffffffffff
 Cpus_allowed:  3
 Cpus_allowed_list: 0-1
 Mems_allowed:  1
 Mems_allowed_list: 0
 voluntary_ctxt_switches:   1215
 nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches:    11
Signal: 6
Uname: Linux 3.2.0-53-lowlatency-pae i686
UserGroups:

This could have all your passwords in it be careful with this information:

CoreDump: base64
.
.
.
core dump looks like
aASDFNFOSIefnsldgfnsweifnLEGNi43ng3gSNSDLgn483LNdg43ls
WO$EIGNOIDGNW$INGLSDKGNSLDIGNO$WIGNLRSIGN*RW(GNDKJNLGD
*TNOIDUGNSKJDGNKSDGNSIUEGFBSGUDB*SDgUSHNEUGBSD&GSAUBSD
.
.
.


Is it possible to clean the APT cache from the command line?

sudo apt-get clean will do what you want, though it does seem odd that it would freeze based on the amount of packages in the cache.


Reversing the effect of killall -u username

Restart your computer

sudo shutdown -r now


You need to add do some_command:

until omp -u admin -w admin -h 127.0.01 -p 9390 -G | grep "Done"
do
    :
done

The colon, :, is just a no-op command.

Simpler example

Observe that this gives the error that you see:

$ until echo $RANDOM | grep 5; done
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `done'

If we add, do and a place holder command, like :, then the loop runs properly:

$ until echo $RANDOM | grep 5; do : ; done
15857


Of course you can easily install 12.04 from scratch.

Mind you: 12.04.2 is out and I'd like to suggest that you download and install this version. It has all released updates inside the ISO + has a newer kernel (3.5) and X-server.

I wouldn't go for an upgrade since the changes are severe compared to 11.04.

Keep in mind with the required hardware specifications ! Having for about 1.5 Gb RAM-memory is certainly nessecary for a good work-flow (my own standards).

If you have less RAM I'd go for Xubuntu, what will run far better than Ubuntu (Unity).


Run this command and reboot:

echo "blacklist uas" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

This seems to be a documented bug.


Trouble downloading updates due to 404 error "Failed to fetch"

You need to change your mirror of repository.

To change your mirror follow this article in www.allfreeubuntu.tk


Unable to login to my account from GUI interface, 14.04

I just had the same issue and found that the solution @minto posted as a comment worked for me, along with changing the .Xauthority and .ICEauthority permissions.

To summarize:

sudo chown -R username:username /home/username

Then logout and reboot.

If that didn't work then check out SiddharthaRT's answer on changing .Xauthority and .ICEauthority permissions in answer to
Ubuntu gets stuck in a login loop.


What does [Ctrl] + [Shift] + [e] do, while typing text?

Ctrl+Shift+e is the emoji entry shortcut/hotkey sequence.

It produces an underlined "e̲", if you type "joy" after it (so it looks like "e̲j̲o̲y̲") the whole word will be underlined. On pressing a whitespace entry key, like spacebar, you should then get the "e̲j̲o̲y̲" text changed to "" (the emoji character selected by your current application).


How do you use an android tablet as a second display?

Here's how to use Android as a second monitor, share the mouse, drag windows between tablet and computer screens.
The original source for the tutorial can be found here.
A. Tutorial
Step 1. Create a new virtual monitor
My tablet's resolution is 1280x1024. (You may change 1280 and 1024 everywhere in the commands if your tablet is in different resolution. You may also need to change LVDS1 if the default monitor's name is different).
Run in terminal:

$ gtf 1280 1024 60.
There is a line in the output similar to Modeline "1280x1024_60.00"  108.88  1280 1360 1496 1712  1024 1025 1028 1060  -HSync +Vsync. Copy everything after the word Modeline (exclude it) into the next command.

xrandr --newmode "1280x1024_60.00"  108.88  1280 1360 1496 1712  1024 1025 1028 1060  -HSync +Vsync
(Note, in the next step, you may also need to change VIRTUAL1 with what you find in xrandr output as an output with new mode)

xrandr --addmode VIRTUAL1 1280x1024_60.00

xrandr --output VIRTUAL1 --mode 1280x1024_60.00 --left-of LVDS1

Step 2. Enable remote desktop for the virtual monitor
Start VNC:

x11vnc -clip 1280x1024+0+0

Step 3. Connect to the remote desktop

Get the tablet on the same local network as the computer. Either by connecting to the same Wi-Fi or by creating a hotspot with one device and then connecting with another to it (USB Tethering).

Find your computer's IP using ifconfig (when connecting from LAN).

Download a VNC app to the tablet and then connect to the computer using computer's IP (and selecting port 5900) in the app.

Notices

Credits: kjans, contents edited.
WARNING: Data is unencrypted! (Relevant for Wi-Fi and not-LAN usage)
WARNING: Devices from all the networks you are connected might reach port 5900 and therefore connect to your monitor! Being behind a router usually would limit it to be accessible only within your local network (If you're using USB connection, you could block local network altogether with -listen <IP_ADDR> option to x11vnc (where <IP_ADDR> is the USB network interface)).
Running any of the 1 - 4 steps twice may output errors.
After successful use, 5. step must be repeated for another connection.

B. Script
The tutorial implemented as a script (Change the IP for use with the USB cable OR delete it and uncomment the line to use with Wi-Fi).
#!/bin/bash
W=1280
H=800
O=VIRTUAL1
if [ "$1" == "create" ]; then
  gtf $W $H 60 | sed '3q;d' | sed 's/Modeline//g' | xargs xrandr --newmode
  # sed: get third line, delete 'Modeline', get first word, remove first and last characters
  gtf $W $H 60 | sed '3q;d' | sed 's/Modeline//g' | awk '{print $1;}' | sed 's/^.\(.*\).$/\1/' | xargs xrandr --addmode $O
  gtf $W $H 60 | sed '3q;d' | sed 's/Modeline//g' | awk '{print $1;}' | sed 's/^.\(.*\).$/\1/' | xargs xrandr --output $O --left-of LVDS1 --mode
elif [ "$1" == "on" ]; then
  x11vnc -listen 192.168.42.149 -clip ${W}x${H}+0+0
  # For use in Wi-Fi LAN.
  #x11vnc -clip ${W}x${H}+0+0 #**WARNING** Unencrypted stream. VNC accessible without password through port 5900 in all internet interfaces.
else
  echo "missing argument: [create | on]"
fi


Issue moving a file and error when unzip

I have get to answer for this unzipping issue

I used "xzvf kippo-graph-1.3.tar.gz"

and it did the trick everything is fine now

thank you guys for the effort


Doubts upgrading Ubuntu Server from 14.04 to 16.04

I eventually got it all working with Debmirror, some custom modifications to the meta-release-lts file (see link in comments above), and a separate script to copy the dist-upgrader-all directories/files.

Sorry, I don't have all the steps detailed to post here...


This is probably too late, but converting to a "metafile" will ensure that visual clarity remains intact:

Right click on the image, select "Convert", then choose "To Metafile". This will allow you to keep the image clear when exporting, converting to a different format, or presenting on really large displays.


Is there a way to simulate a bash shell inside the crontab file?

The problem is that cron treats % as newlines. From man 5 crontab:

Percent-signs (%) in the command, unless escaped with backslash (\),
will be changed into newline characters, and all data after the first %  will  be
sent to the command as standard input.

To solve that you need to escape the % by \%.

Alternately if you want to run the command from a bash script, make the script executable and put it e.g. like below from crontab -e:

05 06 * * * /path/to/script.sh

Make the shebang of the script as:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

Now the bash script will be run everyday at 6:05 AM.


Unhappy with donation process at Ubuntu.com download page

snip

  If you want people to contribute voluntarily,

snip

Well, we are not the people who work for Ubuntu, we are volunteers here.

The Contact Us page linked from Ubuntu's website states, in part,

  If you have suggestions or corrections for ubuntu.com or
  canonical.com, email us at webmaster@ubuntu.com or
  webmaster@canonical.com.

which is the best way to contact Ubuntu folks about this issue.

  I thought I was entering billing info so that my credit card would be charged directly,

When I look at the pre-download page, the donation button clearly states PayPal and immediately to its left is the no donation link. Therefore, don't see how you could have thought you were setting up a charge to your card account, and the address collection is so the Ubuntu T-shirt (part of the deal on that page) could be shipped to you.


Remove Mariadb 10.3 and Mysql completely from Ubuntu

Try this:

Purge mariadb
sudo apt purge mariadb-*

Remove all databases ('Yes' answer)

Purge mysql
sudo apt purge mysql-*

Remove all databases ('Yes' answer)

Remove mariadb repo from /etc/apt/sources.list
Find something like this:
deb [arch=amd64,arm64,ppc64el] http://mariadb.mirror.globo.tech/repo/10.4/ubuntu bionic main

Remove folders:
sudo rm -r /usr/share/mysql/
sudo rm -r /etc/mysql/
sudo rm -r /lib/systemd/system/mysql.service

Now you can try to install oracle mysql:
sudo apt install mysql-server


How do I manage groups in Empathy in recent releases?

I'm answering my own question here, in case someone else stumbles into the same problem. As it turns out, Contacts were disabled in Online Accounts, but it took me a while to figure it out because Empathy must be closed when you change this configuration. Empathy apparently doesn't notice on the fly that you changed the online accounts. What I did to solve this was:

Close empathy.
Turn on Contacts in Online Accounts.
Open Empathy.

Only then I was able to use the Edit option in the contact menu.


Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS Installation Failure on HP CE 1000Tu Laptop

To any souls still facing issues, If you are using rufus to create the bootable drive then please use "DD mode" when asked. The issue I faced happened on Linux Mint as well and using DD mode fixed it for both Ubuntu and Linux Mint.


Reboot, go to grub menu and select recovery boot.
Then select root console. Run there
mount -o remount,rw /
apt install sudo


How to stop Nautilus from using Home as Desktop Folder?

Thank you for your question Matthew, because I had the same problem and editing the ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs file worked for me (that is to say the second idea in your question).

Here is a third method :

install dconf Editor
launch dconf Editor from the Dash Menu
in the left panel, browse to org → gnome → nautilus → preferences
uncheck the box labelled "desktop-is-home-dir" in the right panel

It did not work for me but I hope it works for you.


This is not a problem and those aren't partitions on your disk. They are loopback mounts.

You have installed some snap packages. The way snaps work is that the package is actually a squashfs file system. In order to use the snaps, they must be mounted. These mounts appear as loopback mounts of the squashfs type. This is completely normal and not a problem at all.


How to remove or modify a review in Ubuntu Software Center?

The best solution i could think of would be to flag the review as inappropriate, and then in the details state that it is inaccurate as it is out of date.  One would hope in the future there will be an interface you can log in with to manage your reviews!

When it asks you to login with a ubuntu software centre account you can login with your single sign in account i believe.

Kind Regards


How do I automatically raise a window, called by a keyboard shortcut?

I just tried it on my laptop. You should create a custom shortcut with the command:

  exo-open --launch WebBrowser

It starts on the foreground for me.

Source: xubuntu


Source or dot operator overriding execute permission?

There is a difference: if you execute the script like ./script.sh, you are creating a new process, a new instance of the bash shell. This is denied.

However, since the permissions allow you to read the script, what's there to stop you from copy and paste all it contents? The source build-in does only that: it executes the commands one by one by reading them from a text file.


pdfshuffler not working problem with poppler

went through the same... you need to somehow update python-poppler to 0.12.1-9

(I just installed pdfshuffler and python-poppler package from Yakkety in Xenial; note that in general this is not recommended at all because dependencies can break your system, but these are pretty isolated packages and worked in my system; if you know what you are doing and how to restore broken dependencies, give it a try...)


In Ubuntu, the default .bashrc skeleton file looks for a .bash_aliases file in your home directory when you log in and sources it.  So if you just create a .bash_aliases file and put any aliases you want in it, it should be sourced automatically when you open a new bash shell (no need to log out of desktop and back in, just open a new terminal).  Here's the relevant part in the default .bashrc file:

# Alias definitions.
# You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like
# ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.
# See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.

if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
    . ~/.bash_aliases
fi


Cannot open and update /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf

First go to filesystem.
Then usr.
Then share.
Then x11.
There you will see a file named as 51-synaptics-quirks.conf

You cannot edit the file so you have to open that directory as root.

Just right click in the directory and select "open as root."

Then open up the file and paste it at the end after the END SECTION:

# Disable generic Synaptics device, as we're using
# "DLL0704:01 06CB:76AE Touchpad"
# Having multiple touchpad devices running confuses syndaemon
Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad"
    MatchProduct "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad"
    MatchIsTouchpad "on"
    MatchOS "Linux"
    MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
    Option "Ignore" "on"
EndSection


While I'm not sure what more info you are looking for, your pastebin seem to provide your answer.  There are several logs that show high CPU temps.  The BIOS will shut the computer down if the CPU's get to hot to protect them from  burning out.  The overheating could be caused by several things:

The CPU fan could be dirty or not running at speed
The case fan could be dirty or not running at speed
If it is a laptop, the vents tend to get clogged with dirt and hair
The heat-sink on the CPU could be dirty and clogged
The thermal compound between your CPU and the heat-sink could be old and dried out so it is not transferring the heat like it should

In short I would appear from your logs that the system is shutting down due to overheating. The fact that this only happens when you are doing CPU intensive programs also strongly suggests that (in fact that was my first thought before I read your pastebin)

You can likely clean it yourself if you're careful: clean the outside vents with a dry toothbrush.  If you open the case make sure that you don't have any static buildup on your body (touch something metal to discharge it), as any static electric spark can fry electronic chips.  The best way to clean the inside of the case is with air, most stores sell canned air just for this purpose in the electronic section.  If you use an air compressor, make sure the pressure is turned way down.  Blow air into the fans and the heat-sink until the dust and hair is gone, make sure to blow off the motherboard afterwards, to clean off any dust you blew onto it.  Just make sure that the power is OFF before you open the case — I recommend unplugging it!!

If the computer is old enough that the thermal compound is bad, you can buy one of those at electronics stores, but if you are unsure that you can replace it, I would recommend letting a shop do it for you.  If it is done wrong, at best the problem will continue, at worst it could kill the CPU.

I realize that this doesn't answer your question, but it may solve your problem.  I'm not sure there is one: if the system shut down due to overheating, I'm not sure you would get much more info that a hardware error, and that you are already showing in you posted log...

In fact the post you linked to says just that in the accepted answer:

  Recently I had a system that started repeatedly to power off
  ungracefully, turned out that it was overheating and the mobo was
  configured to just power off early. The system didn't have a chance to
  save logs, but fortunately monitoring the system's temperature showed
  it was starting to increase just before powering off.


Strange filename-like label appearing on desktop

Looks like a small transparent GIF image. Maybe you downloaded or copied it by accident. Right-click it with your mouse and delete it.


Nautilus(and Nemo too) cannot Mount if mount option is noauto/user and the mount point has non-western character

If you want a workaround, I would suggest using ASCII characters for the mount point:

server:/강좌  /media/foo-Nfs   nfs noauto,user 0 0


WiFi country changed to US, how do I change it back?

Set it permanently:

gksudo gedit /etc/default/crda

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit.

Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=SE

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.


What does "+ 3" mean in result of 'ls -al'?

The + after the normal permission bits indicate a special permission is in effect for the file/directory. The special permission is POSIX ACL (Access Control List).

You can set a ACL rule by using setfacl and view the already set rule(s) by getfacl.

Example:

% ls -l foo.sh
-rwxrwxr-x 1 foobar foobar 206 Aug 28 02:08 foo.sh

% setfacl -m u:spamegg:x foo.sh

% ls -l foo.sh
-rwxrwxr-x+ 1 foobar foobar 206 Aug 28 02:08 foo.sh

% getfacl foo.sh
# file: foo.sh
# owner: foobar
# group: foobar
user::rwx
user:spamegg:--x
group::rwx
mask::rwx
other::r-x

Check man getfacl and man setfacl to get more idea.

As a side note, if you see a . inplace of +, that's for the SELINUX context.

And the 3 after + indicates number of hard links the file has. A hardlink is a name for the file (file's inode precisely) so number of hard links indicate number of names the file has.

In your case the entry is:

drwxr-x---+ 3 root     root      4096 Sep  3 08:14 ../

It's for the parent directory of the current directory (/media/username/DATA), so .. points to /media/username directory.

Now, in Linux, every directory has at least two hard links, one is for . (current directory, link to itself) and the other is it's entry in the parent directory (name-inode mapping), this was inherited from the Unix.

You have hard link count as 3 for /media/username, which means /media/username has one subdirectory (default 2 plus one for the .. entry of the subdirectory). If there were 2 subdirectories, the hard link count would be 4 due to both subdirectories mapping .. back to the parent.

Check man ls also.


Auto-configure loop when I attach external display (Thinkpad P50 on dock)

You should try the closed Nvidia drivers -- I have nvidia-384 with a GM107GLM [Quadro M2000M] graphics card on my P50. This hasn't completely solved my external monitor problems but it made screen tearing less of an issue. I have also found that KDE handles external monitor detection and configuration better than GNOME and Unity but, again, still working on a stable and reproducible configuration.

I think the problem with configuring this laptop is the Nvidia Optimus setup. I tried getting Bumblebee running a while ago but it didn't seem to help; maybe worth looking into though.


Why doesn't Brother HL 2130 printer work on Ubuntu 13.04?

ok, now I got things working. If you add the driver to your system, select the "Brother HL-2140 Foomatic/hl250" instead of the Postcript driver. Ubuntu's page of supported Brother drivers lists the HL1250 as full supported, wherefore I considered this to be a try. It worked at lest for me.

Best!


How to Install Kernel 4.8.4

NOTE: As of December 25, 2016 the most recent Ubuntu 16.04 kernel 4.4.0-53 performs extremely well and better than 4.8.4 in most circumstances. Furthermore mainline kernel 4.9.0 is now out with ehanced support for AMDGPU and Intel Skylake amongst other issues. That said 4.4.0-53 on my 3rd Generation Intel CPU performs just as well.

As of October 24, 2016, Kernel 4.8.4 is the latest stable Kernel. It's not officially supported by Ubuntu but if your hardware requires the latest kernel to operate properly you have little choice but to install it.
Go to the Ubuntu Mainline Kernel page: Ubuntu Kernel Mainline.
Scroll down near the bottom and click on 4.8.4.
Notice the files under AMD64 and how those files names and the main web link is used to build the following commands (which you need type or copy and paste into your terminal):
cd /tmp
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.8.4/linux-headers-4.8.4-040804_4.8.4-040804.201610220733_all.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.8.4/linux-headers-4.8.4-040804-generic_4.8.4-040804.201610220733_amd64.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.8.4/linux-image-4.8.4-040804-generic_4.8.4-040804.201610220733_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i *.deb
sudo reboot

Using the Website address and adding in the file name, you complete the entire wget command. Study this technique so you can repeat it with any kernel version. We want amd64 for 64-bit versions of Ubuntu running on Intel and AMD chips. We want generic which is the mainstream version of the kernel. low-latency on the other hand is difficult to setup and maintain but necessary for those in the sound recording industry and similar industries.


How to restrict internet access to other computers in my network

I think you have to use a proxy in your computer.
https://www.varonis.com/blog/what-is-a-proxy-server/

Maybe you can get more information on the internet

Hope it is helpfull for you


Can I show the global menu on all displays?

No, you can't (only if someone will make an application/program to do so or if you select Mirror displays in System settings > Hardware > Displays). The thing you're asking is inconsistent.

Think that you have one application (Firefox) opened on the display #1 and another one (let say Chromium) on the display #2. Now, you look at the display #2, so you use Chromium and you will see in global menu the menu for Chromium. What reason do you have now to see in global menu the menu for Firefox that is displayed on display #1? And vice versa. This makes no sense...


Where do you see a "show desktop" option?

There is no invisible windows unless an application creates such. It will minimize the windows. It may be possible to avoid that action if your window does not allow for minimization.

Also the desktop cannot be "on top" because it is the parent window of all the windows created by applications. In other words, those windows are inside the desktop window anyway. Actually, some X11 desktop implementations show large icons in the desktop window when a (child) window is minimized.


For finding why a process is running, I recommend:

ps auxf | less -S

This will show you not only the process, what the exact command is, but also a tree style indentation that shows what other processes started it.

I'm going to make a blind guess here: probably anacron is rotating log files, and using GZIP to compress the old copies to save storage space.


Can't connect to hostapd hotspot - Password Loop

A little bit more research got me here, which is one of many sites that offer different default configurations.  But this one happened to work.  Windows, Lubuntu, and Android all connect to this one without a problem:

interface=wlan2
driver=nl80211
ssid=My-Hotspot
hw_mode=g
channel=6
macaddr_acl=0
auth_algs=1
ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
wpa=2
wpa_passphrase=AGoodPassw0rd
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
wpa_pairwise=TKIP
rsn_pairwise=CCMP

And here's the difference:

The "No" header has the problem described in the question.  The "Yes" header works.


Unable to install Rhipe package for R version 3.0.2 in ubuntu-12.04

Yes, the package is not available from CRan apparently. However, a quick search gives the Rhipe home page that has the very clear instructions reproduced bellow:

Install Hadoop

  Prior to doing anything else, it is critical to ensure that the cluster on which RHIPE will be installed has a working Hadoop cluster. RHIPE works with Apache Hadoop 1.0.x (0.20.x)

  The following are useful references on installing Apache Hadoop on a single and multi-node cluster. Alternatively, one might wish to have a more streamlined install, which can be accomplished with the Cloudera distribution's installation manager.

  It is good to ensure the Hadoop works prior to installing RHIPE. A simple test is to run an example job and see if it completes without errors. To run a minimal example, run the following from the hadoop directory (assuming hadoop version 1.0.3).

hadoop jar hadoop-examples-1.0.3.jar pi 10 100

R must be installed as a shared library, I will not include the details since you presumably already have it installed. See the Rhipe link above for more info.
Install protocol buffers

wget http://protobuf.googlecode.com/files/protobuf-2.4.1.tar.gz
tar -xzf protobuf-2.4.1.tar.gz
cd protobuf-2.4.1
./configure # --prefix=...
make
make install

Set up environment variables

  PKG_CONFIG_PATH: make sure this contains a path to where the protobuf*.pc files are located.

  LD_LIBRARY_PATH: points to the path where R.so and Rhipe.so are located (typically something like PREFIX/lib64/R/lib).

  HADOOP: points to the Hadoop installation directory. It is expected that $HADOOP/bin contains the Hadoop shell executable hadoop.

Install Rhipe

wget http://ml.stat.purdue.edu/rhipebin/Rhipe_0.73.1.tar.gz
R CMD INSTALL Rhipe_0.73.1.tar.gz


Headphone jack port stopped working after opening Audacity

I found a workaround that I described in the bug report mentioned in the other answer (bug 1257956, related to bug 1018262).

I went into Audacity and changed the microphone source in the drop-down menu from "sysdefault: Headphone Mic:0" to "sysdefault: Internal Mic:0" and it fixed it.
I can now use my headphones, even when I restart Audacity.


can't connect to internet with ubuntu 17.10

first of all try

ping 192.168.1.1

or if you use a public wi-fi replace the 192.168.1.1 with your modem address

then if the packets lost your modem has problem

but if your modem is right try

ping 8.8.8.8

if packets back correctly open your terminal (with ctrl+alt+t or typing terminal in your dash) and write sudo vim /etc/resolve.conf (i use vim you can use your editor but it is better that your editor hasn't gui like gedit)
and then type your password and replace the ip address next of the nameserver with 8.8.8.8 and then type

you can test this with 4.2.2.4 or other dns address

and then ask your isp maybe they have a problem

by the way if you install tor purge it by sudo apt purge tor and then type sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service maybe you can't install tor correctly


Assigning Print button to screenshot not working after upgrade from 13.10 to 14.04

Ok, got it figured out.

The problem appears to be specific to some laptops (such as HP Pavillion dv6-6051er in my case) which use other keycodes for the Print button than the standard 107 which on desktops is both Print and Sys_Req.

Start by xmodmap -pk | grep Print.

In my case, it returned:

107     0xff61 (Print)  0xff15 (Sys_Req)    0xff61 (Print)  0xff15 (Sys_Req)
218     0xff61 (Print)  0x0000 (NoSymbol)   0xff61 (Print)

So my Print button was 218 (yours can be different).

What's needed now is to assign Sys_Req to 107 so that Print is only linked with 218.

Execute xmodmap -e "keycode 107 = Sys_Req".

Try to make a screenshot with Print. If fails, go System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts -> Screenshots and re-assign the Print button to screenshots. Must be ok now.

To save the custom keyboard mapping, in the same session export current settings to an .Xmodmap config file, for example (saves in your home directory):

xmodmap -pke > ~/.Xmodmap

(Or you can just create an .Xmodmap file and only write the required tweak there, for example: keycode 107 = Sys_Req)

A brief xmodmap manual is here: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/xmodmap

The last step. Launch Startup Applications in Dash and add the following command to auto-execute xmodmap on login:

xmodmap /home/YOURUSERNAMEHERE/.Xmodmap

(Make sure you write the full path; you can alternatively auto execute smth like xmodmap -e "keycode 107 = Sys_Req", too)

Over.

PS. using xmodmap in Unity is a bit of a hack as its native keyboard layout manager is xbk but it appears more difficult to tweak and documentation is lacking.


Deleted /etc/mysql/... now unable to install or uninstall other software

I have fixed the Issue.
The source is here: dpkg-returned-an-error-code-1
Method 4: Remove post info files of the troublesome package was the one that helped me to fix the issue.
sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-* /tmp
sudo apt-get autoremove


A good way to do this is to use the power of CRON. Thankfully, Ubuntu is very well documented about CRON jobs.

You can use a graphical interface to create jobs that do certain things for you via sudo apt-get install gnome-schedule (this might be easier). You might need to delve into the terminal side of things so you know which commands to execute for a CRON job, here is an image example:

So you would need to execute a command in order for this to happen. A local backup could be something along the lines of sudo rsync -azvv /home/path/folder1/ /home/path/folder2.

Hope this gets you started in the right direction!


Black screen at boot after Nvidia driver installation on Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS

I'm posting an answer to my question as I managed to solve the problem (thanks to the AskUbuntu community). This may not be a completely generic answer, but I will explain the steps which I followed in case it helps someone else. Here's how I did it:

1. Connecting to a terminal

I followed the instructions to edit the commands before booting, namely replacing quiet splash with nomodeset and then pressing F10 or Ctrl+X to boot (instructions are provided here). After I booted, I pressed Ctrl+Alt+F1, Ctrl+Alt+F6 and Ctrl+Alt+F7 repeatedly one after the other. After several tries (had to reboot and retry several times), I eventually got a terminal with ultra low resolution where I had to enter my login and password, which I did.

2. Uninstalling the wrong Nvidia driver

I used the command provided by Marmayogi to uninstall the incorrect Nvidia driver:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*

The next time I rebooted Ubuntu, I was able to access the login page and GUI in ultra low resolution, like before I installed the wrong Nvidia driver.

3. Installing the correct Nvidia driver

Here I followed the instructions provided by Marmayogi in his comment to my question, except for the installation command of the Nvidia driver which was incorrect as it has changed (see the answer by Kerry Kobashi in this post for details):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-driver-410 (this is the new command, also check version number of driver first!)
Reboot.

After rebooting the GUI was in a normal resolution (except GRUB which was still in low resolution, but it's less of a problem). To check that everything went well, I issued the following command: lsmod | grep nvidia, and there was output, so the installation was successful.

Here I am want to stress out that you need to check which version of the Nvidia driver you need (i.e. which is compatible with your graphics card). You can check on the Nvidia website which products are supported by each driver (the latest one is usually the best if you have a recent graphics card). Not doing so and blindly following instructions in another post which did not specify this is what led me to having all these problems in the first place (unfortunately, this point is too often ignored in a lot of posts I've seen on the subject). Also when choosing the version, I read somewhere that you only need to write the main version (don't bother about the number after the point, so if latest driver is 418.56, just write 418).


How do I pass flags when starting a systemd service?

From here this can be done like so:

Create an arguments file say /etc/.argconf

ARG1=-o
ARG2=--verbose

And your .service file:

EnvironmentFile=/etc/.argconf
ExecStart=/usr/bin/prog $ARG1 $ARG2

Another method from that same post is as seen below:

[Unit]
Description=Test passing multiple arguments

[Service]
Environment="SCRIPT_ARGS=%I"
ExecStart=/tmp/test.py $SCRIPT_ARGS

And the name of the file has to be myservice@.service take note of the @ as this is required when passing arguments in this fashion to a service. You then run that service like so:

sudo systemctl start myservice@"arg1 arg2 arg3".service


Showing ERROR message "Unable to create ext4 partition"

I have solved this problem! I have created a EFI partition through GParted. After starting 'Try Ubuntu' I used GParted to create a 200 MiB FAT32 partition labeled 'EFI' and then tried installing. It's not showing the ERROR message now. :)


Try this

  System Settings
  Keyboard
  Shortcuts
  Windows

.......and set the Toggle full screen shortcut to f11 then after launching the desired app in steam, press f11 to enter full screen mode :)


First of all, configuring squid is fairly straight forward if you want a basic, untailored installation. Install it with sudo apt install squid. This will install squid, and create a default configuration file /etc/squid/ named squid.conf. This probably has to be edited to suit your setup, including ACL rules for allowing access.

If you want to go beyond that, this is a fairly complex topic, as squid can do a lot of things, and what you need depends on what you want - only filtering, only caching, caching and filtering, caching of MS Windows updates, reverse proxy (i.e. acting as front end for a web server).

The file itself is fairly well commented, so you'll be able to set up an working configuration just by reading the configuration file if you are familiar with networking and how a proxy works. This is not something I'd suggest videos for. I'd suggest reading the Squid documentation. It's very well documented, and google will give you tons of working examples for specific cases.

Note that caching is more difficult as of today, as more and more traffic is encrypted, and thus not cacheable. Notable exceptions are for instance Windows updates, and OS updates, where you can save significant amounts of bandwidth by caching - and they're distributed in clear text as the content is signed.

For sharing internet acccess, you can either use squid (to give www and ftp only) access, or you can do some kind of routing. The most common routing in residential and small corporate settings is NAT, where the router translates one external, public, address to many internal.

Other kind of routing is simply look up based on a routing table, and forwarding the packet to the next hop. This can be used within the same network, with private IP's, or externally with public IP's. This is in effect what's common for IPv6, and the public internet. Additionally the router can employ ACLs, Access Control Lists, to permit or deny traffic based on set criteria.

In short, this is a fairly complex topic, and I'm barely scratching the surface of it here - but giving a more complete answer requires more knowledge of what you are trying to do or achieve. In addition giving a step by step will likely not teach you a lot; you have to learn the basics of networking, and have a working understanding of how hosts on the internet talks to each other, and how packets are handled. A certain protocol knowledge of HTTP is also good, if you aim to set up a proxy.

So to get a better answer you have to be more specific as to what you want to achieve, and what knowledge level you have.


Is there a Linux-native alternative to the CrystalDiskInfo daemon?

From the command line, I did:

man -k smart

and, after ignoring the other meanings of "smart", got:

gsmartcontrol (1)    - Hard disk drive health inspection tool
gsmartcontrol-root (1) - Hard disk drive health inspection tool
smart-notifier (1)   - dbus service and graphical disk health notifier
smartctl (8)         - Control and Monitor Utility for SMART Disks
smartd (8)           - SMART Disk Monitoring Daemon
smartd.conf (5)      - SMART Disk Monitoring Daemon Configuration File
update-smart-drivedb (8) - update smartmontools drive database

These programs are in the following packages:

walt@bat:~(0)$ for i in \
    gsmartcontrol-root gsmartcontrol smart-notifier smartctl smartd \
    ; do \
        dpkg -S $(type -p $i); \
    done
gsmartcontrol: /usr/bin/gsmartcontrol-root
gsmartcontrol: /usr/bin/gsmartcontrol
smart-notifier: /usr/bin/smart-notifier
smartmontools: /usr/sbin/smartctl
smartmontools: /usr/sbin/smartd


I have used xrdp extensively on earlier versions of Ubuntu and usually found that connection issues were quite simple in the end.  In my case it was always something minor that was the snag.  So when I bumped into the problem on two of my boxes upgraded to 14.04 I guess I knew instinctively that it would probably just be a need for some simple variation to earlier solutions.  Which is exactly what I discovered in my case.

Literature in the public domain was quick to point out that xrdp does not work on 14.04 with the 'out of the box' desktop/s.  The loss of the rollup window function had already steered me back to the xfce4 desktop, so I thought my earlier knowledge would fix the grey screen straight off.  As it turns out the adjustment is in the same place but just a little different.

As an aside you may first need to turn off the uncomplicated firewall (stop ufw) just to be sure that is not contributing to the problem.  The login script may stall if the firewall is filtering the exchange of data.  After you fix xrdp you can figure out if there is a need to make some adjustments there.

THE FIX:
edit /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh

make the last two lines look like this;

    #. /etc/X11/Xsession
    . /usr/bin/startxfce4

(In earlier versions I used the statement session=xfce4-session)

Save the file and restart xrdp, and you should find you have a perfectly well behaved remote desktop session.


How to publish Unity Game Engine app (executable binary) to Ubuntu Store?

No you can use snaps. And it would let you to package for all distributions

https://dashboard.snapcraft.io/register-snap/

Here you first need to put your Unity packaged linux game on github you can make it private or public thats up to you you have tick the box while registering here which says "Is it a private package". then submit your package it will automaticaly be converted to snap package and after some days ubuntu will put it on software centre.


From what I can tell (and it's almost impossible to determine what you're really trying to solve/achieve - if anything it's probably an XY problem case), what you're trying to do is make it so that the webserver can read/write folders and files, but that the 'endpoint' that you've got for clients can only read data.  You can't have it both ways without spinning two completely separate webservers with completely different permission sets.  As was said in another answer, that doesn't protect you from having your main read/write webserver protected from attack.

From my interpretation, what you seem to want is to only let the webserver and the corresponding backend handle access to files and serving URLs for the endpoint clients to actually load (for images, etc.).  That's not more than the basic webserver permissions that I touched upon in another answer.  which I linked in comments (and below at the end of this answer.)

This is a summary of the steps you need to get a basic webserver filesystem permissions structure for this.  You shouldn't have to do much more than this.  If you do, then that's up to how you write your backend to handle permissions, and is beyond the scope of what's answerable here.

Step 1: Put the project directory in a web-server-accessible location, such as a folder under /var/www/ for the site name.

sudo mkdir /var/www/PROJECTDIR

Step 2: Put all your project files in there (as the root user to begin with).

Step 3: Change directory structure ownership for the new directory to www-data:www-data for the webserver.

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/PROJECTDIR

Step 4: Give www-data user/group read/write/execute privileges for all directories, and read/write privileges for all files, within the project directory.

sudo find /var/www/PROJECTDIR -type d -exec chmod 770 {} \;
sudo find /var/www/PROJECTDIR -type f -exec chmod 660 {} \;

Step 5: You're done.

You don't seem to need any other user accounts on the system itself (non-root users, other system users, etc.) to be able to see anything within the subdirectories here, so the above will accomplish that.

You also don't seem to need any special permissions, because it's up to the backend you've written to properly handle whether a given request should in turn return a given URL for a given image on the system.  If it doesn't have this type of permissions handling, that's an issue for your individual backend, not an NGINX issue, and not a system filepermissions issue.

Note though that as I said above, this is the same set of instructions from the other answer that does basically the same stuff.


I had removed SSL but it was still giving following error:

  Restarting web server apache2 apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully
  qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName apache2: Could not reliably
  determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName
  (98)Address already in use: make_sock: could not bind to address [::]:443 [ OK ]

I googled it out and referred to these 2 posts:

Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name?
“make_sock: could not bind to address [::]:443” when restarting apache (installing trac and mod_wsgi)

Finally, I disabled the SSL using:

a2dismod ssl


Screen mirror Linux screen on an android device?

Teamviewer does the job well and unlike many other vnc (virtual network computing) software it is pretty easy to set and go.
https://www.teamviewer.com/en/


What sets window size and position on application launch?

Window size and window position are in priority controlled by the application itself. Some applications remember their window size, others start with a default. Some applications remember the window position, others not. Then, the window manager decides on the position.
Ubuntu, that by default uses Gnome Shell, uses "mutter" as the window manager. The default placement of windows is controlled by the "Smart" algorithm. That algorithm will tend to place windows in the left corner, and else on another place of the window that is free. If no free space is available, new windows will be placed in a cascading order starting from the left top.
You can change the default placement of "smart" to "center" using Gnome Tweaks. Head to the "Windows" tab to activate the setting. That way, new windows will be created in the center of the screen, unless the application itself overrides it.
If you also want control about the position of the window, do not hesitate to use the "Put windows" extension. This is one way to have control. Another way is to use the venerable tools "devilspie" and "devilspie2", daemons that watch the creation of new windows and size and place them according to your rules.


First, lets get Ubuntu to a 'clean' state, without any nvidia drivers installed:

sudo apt-get purge $(dpkg -l | awk '$2~/nvidia/ {print $2}')

Next, let's remove the x-server error - follow this answer.

You can install the latest NVIDIA drivers by adding their new PPA to your system.

To do so:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install nvidia-355

And as OMG! Ubuntu! say:
Remember: if the PPA breaks your system you are allowed to keep both halves. ;)

NOTE: The ppa works with versions 12.04.1 through to 15.10, so make sure you upgrade your version to the .1 release if you haven't already.

EDIT:Turns out you can't get the GT540M nvidia drivers to work on Linux.

Check out this  answer.


How do I get a graphical installer for Ubuntu GNOME?

If you want to install it "over" your existing vanilla installation, you can do that through the software center. It's called ubuntu-gnome-desktop. You can also install this by opening a terminal and typing the following commands

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-gnome-desktop


MAAS: Unable to start "Commisioned" nodes

edit the node and change "Power type" to virsh.  Then you will need to add a Power address and Power ID.  The power address is the command to start the vm "qemu:///system on a local machine.  The Power ID is the name of the vm.


ISO Live Session from an External Hard Drive?

You just need to put your ISO on your external drive, then install Grub2 and configure it properly.

Let's assume your drive is /dev/sdb mounted under /media/Drive, then in a root terminal (use sudo -i to become root), type in :

grub-install --no-floppy --root-directory=/media/Drive /dev/sdb

You'll obtain a boot folder at the root of your external drive. Go to /media/drive/boot/grub and put there a grub.cfg file, containing something like (please adapt paths and ISO names to your needs - in the example below, ISOs are juste put at the root of the partition) :

set timeout=10
set default=0

menuentry "System Rescue CD 64 bits" {
 loopback loop /systemRescueCD.iso
 linux (loop)/isolinux/rescue64 isoloop=/systemRescueCD.iso setkmap=fr docache
 initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}

menuentry "System Rescue CD 32 bits" {
 loopback loop /systemRescueCD.iso
 linux (loop)/isolinux/rescuecd isoloop=/systemRescueCD.iso setkmap=fr docache
 initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz
}

menuentry "Ubuntu 11.10 64 bits ISO" {
 loopback loop /ubuntu64-11.10.iso
 linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper locale=fr_FR bootkbd=fr console-setup/layoutcode=fr iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu64-11.10.iso file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed noeject noprompt quiet splash --
 initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}

menuentry "Ubuntu 11.10 64 bits alternate ISO" {
 loopback loop /ubuntu64-11.10-alternate.iso
 linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper locale=fr_FR bootkbd=fr console-setup/layoutcode=fr iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu64-11.10-alternate.iso noeject --
 initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz
}

As you can see, you can put others ISOs. Please note that all ISOs are not compatible ! For example you need to extract the content of a Fedora 16 ISO and use a slightly different configuration for Grub2 :
    menuentry "Fedora 16 64 bits Gnome" {
      set root=(hd0,msdos1)
      linux /fedora16-64/efi/boot/vmlinuz0 root=LABEL=InstalLinux live_dir=/fedora16-64/LiveOS/ rootfstype=auto ro liveimg rhgb locale=fr_FR bootkbd=fr
      initrd /fedora16-64/efi/boot/initrd0.img
    }

Also, note that your external drive must have a proper filesystem (avoid NTFS !) and that it's sometimes completely impossible to use some USB keys this way (don't know why... they just doesn't boot, event with boot flag set !)

Lastly, a suggestion : make two partitions on your external drive. One (typically FAT32 or ext?) where you will put your ISOs, and another where you wille be able to store data persistently.

Hoping this helps...

PS : Grub could complain at the first stage. You could use --force option, or reformat you external drive (making the first partition starting at 1 MB).

Also if you are using a system like DSL (DamnSmallLINUX) then it wont see ext4 partition extensions need to format external drive using ext3 for persistence.


How can I look at the log file for details as I get 'permission denied'?

Have you tried: gksudo gedit /var/log/jockey.log? If so and you still get "Permission denied" error, this means that the log file is in use. Try closing jokey. If it still fails to open, open the system monitor and kill the jockey process. Alternatively, press alt + F2 and type "killall jockey".


Are there any Ubuntu tablets that can be purchased?

Not yet, but it will be spring 2014.  The Intermatrix U7 may well be a genuine product backed by a genuine company. But at barely a month post-tablet reveal, it’s a little too early to take cash upfront for something that won’t be available for potentially another year.

See World’s First Ubuntu Tablet” Starts Taking Pre-Orders

But if You Have a Nexus 7, you can have it now

See Ubuntu Touch prepped for 20+ smartphones and tablets


What are the different colors on the unity launcher icons?

You can turn off the backlight by firing up compizconfg-settings-manager  and turning off the backlight or toggling it:

More information here:

How can I configure Unity?


You can install Compiz using these commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install compiz compiz-plugins-extra

After installing compiz open dash and type ccsm.

Open compiz.
In compiz window management enable shift Switcher.
Assign initiate key (All Workspaces).
grab any key you want.


Run these commands:

$ sudo apt-get install -f
$ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner"
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install skype


ubuntu doesn't boot with initrd.img-3.13.0-35-generic and initrd.img-3.13.0-36-generic

Not sure why but it worked:

Add the following modules to /etc/modules and /etc/initramfs-tools/modules

dm-mod
dm-snapshot
dm-mirror

and then install lvm2 or if you already have it installed just run

update-initramfs -u

again.


Remove Lubuntu desktop environment version 17.10

The best way to completely delete a desktop environment can be found at http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/pureubuntu
Type in terminal

enter code heresudo apt-get remove abiword abiword-common abiword-plugin-grammar abiword-plugin-mathview ace-of-penguins audacious audacious-plugins audacious-plugins-data blueman catfish chromium-browser chromium-browser-l10n chromium-codecs-ffmpeg elementary-icon-theme fonts-lyx galculator gdebi gdebi-core gecko-mediaplayer giblib1 gnome-desktop-data gnome-icon-theme-full gnome-mplayer gnome-system-tools gnome-time-admin gnumeric gnumeric-common gnumeric-doc gpicview gtk2-engines-pixbuf guvcview hardinfo indicator-application-gtk2 leafpad libaacs0 libabiword-2.9 libass4 libaudclient2 libaudcore1 libavcodec53 libavformat53 libavutil51 libbinio1ldbl libbluray1 libbs2b0 libcddb2 libcolamd2.7.1 libcompfaceg1 libcue1 libdca0 libdirectfb-1.2-9 libenca0 libept1.4.12 libexo-1-0 libexo-common libexo-helpers libfaad2 libfluidsynth1 libfm-data libfm-gtk-bin libfm-gtk-data libfm-gtk3 libfm3 libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libglade2-0 libgmlib0 libgmtk0 libgmtk0-data libgoffice-0.8-8 libgoffice-0.8-8-common libgsf-1-114 libgsf-1-common libgsm1 libgtkmathview0c2a libgtkspell0 libguess1 libid3tag0 libimlib2 libindicate-gtk3 libjpeg-progs libjpeg-turbo-progs liblink-grammar4 libloudmouth1-0 libmenu-cache1 libmms0 libmodplug1 libmowgli2 libmp3lame0 libmpg123-0 libmusicbrainz3-6 libnet-dbus-perl libobrender27 libobt0 libonig2 liboobs-1-5 libopts25 libots0 libpisock9 libpostproc52 librarian0 libresid-builder0c2a libschroedinger-1.0-0 libsdl1.2debian libsidplay2 libswscale2 libtidy-0.99-0 libtie-ixhash-perl libts-0.0-0 libuniconf4.6 libva1 libvdpau1 libvpx1 libvte-common libvte9 libwebcam0 libwv-1.2-4 libwvstreams4.6-base libwvstreams4.6-extras libxfce4ui-1-0 libxfce4util-bin libxfce4util-common libxfce4util6 libxfconf-0-2 libxml-parser-perl libxml-twig-perl libxml-xpath-perl libxvidcore4 lightdm-gtk-greeter link-grammar-dictionaries-en lm-sensors lp-solve lubuntu-artwork lubuntu-artwork-12-10 lubuntu-core lubuntu-default-settings lubuntu-desktop lubuntu-icon-theme lubuntu-lxpanel-icons lubuntu-software-center lxappearance lxappearance-obconf lxinput lxkeymap lxlauncher lxmenu-data lxpanel lxpanel-indicator-applet-plugin lxrandr lxsession lxsession-data lxsession-edit lxshortcut lxtask lxterminal mplayer2 mtpaint ntp obconf openbox openbox-themes pcmanfm pidgin pidgin-data pidgin-libnotify pidgin-microblog plymouth-theme-lubuntu-logo plymouth-theme-lubuntu-text python-pysqlite2 python-support python-xklavier rarian-compat scrot sylpheed sylpheed-doc sylpheed-i18n sylpheed-plugins synaptic system-tools-backends transmission tsconf uvcdynctrl uvcdynctrl-data wvdial xfburn xfce-keyboard-shortcuts xfce4-notifyd xfce4-power-manager xfce4-power-manager-data xfconf xfonts-100dpi xpad xscreensaver xscreensaver-data && sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop && sudo /usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm-set-defaults -g unity-greeterenter code here

But as you can see Lubuntu uses some XFCE4 programs.  That is why I asked you what commands you had already used to remove Lubuntu and install Xubuntu.

There is also Completely Remove LXDE/Lubuntu Desktop Environment


It seems that Ubuntu is not or not correctly installed ... so follow these installation instructions :

(sda2 where it should be installed to ... in your pastebin output it shows  unknown filesystem)

Boot from Ubuntu installation media and select the option Try Ubuntu without installing.

When the desktop appears open GParted and format sda1 with fat32 and sda2 with ext4.

Click on Install Ubuntu to start the installation, when asked choose Something else.

Select sda2 for Ubuntu - choose ext4 filesystem and set the mount option / (root).

Select sda for the GRUB boot loader as the installation location.

After having completed everything start the installation process.

Recommended : Avoid using 3rd party tools like boot-repair - better use built-in capabilities !


Nevermind. Somehow I must have forgotten to remove the i in ldapi in the setup process. Our server doesn't speek ldapi


How to create a new empty file / template file in Ubuntu 16.10 Desktop?

You can go into your ~/Templates folder and create templates yourself, then they will appear in the right-click menu. For instance:

touch ~/Templates/Untitled.txt


Can't install Ubuntu, mother board problem i think

Your BIOS probably contains settings like AHCI mode or "Legacy" mode or other boot options.


Batch renaming specific text within folder name

You can do this with rename:

$ rename -n 's/(?<![([])(\b\w)/uc($1)/eg' */
dogs bark - cats miaow [DBCM001]/ -> Dogs Bark - Cats Miaow [DBCM001]/
james peach - jack beanstalk [JPJB521]/ -> James Peach - Jack Beanstalk [JPJB521]/
small pond - big fish (revive) [FIN07CD]/ -> Small Pond - Big Fish (revive) [FIN07CD]/

The -n makes rename print what it would do without actually doing anything. Remove the -n once you're sure it works as you want it to.

The s/from/to/ is the substitution operator and will replace from with to.  Here, I am giving it:

(?<![([]) : this is called a negative lookbehind. The general format is (?<!foo) and it means "ignore any matches if the previous word is foo". Here, I am giving it the patern [([], this is a character class (defined by [ ]) consisting of tho characters: [ and (. So the whole thing means "ignore any matches that come right after a [ or a (.
(\b\w):  the \b matches a "word boundary". This is a 0-length anchor that matches the point of transition  between a word and a non-word. So, for example, it matches at the beginning of the line, or at a space, or at any other non-word character. The \w, on the other hand, matches a word character. So, \b\w matches the 1st letter of a word. The parentheses around it "capture" it so we can refer to it as $1 on the right hand side of the substitution operator.
uc($1): this is what we replace what we matched with. As explained above, because the match is in parentheses, we can now refer to it as $1. uc() is a Perl function that makes things UPPER CASE. So this just means "print the match in capitals".
eg : these are switches affecting the behavior of s///. Specifically, the e allows executing commands in the right hand side, which lets us use uc() and the g applies the substitution globally, to all matches on the line.

Finally, */ means "run the command on all directories in the current directory".

If you also want to capitalize words in parentheses, you can use this instead:

$ rename -n 's/(?<!\[)(\b\w)/uc($1)/eg' */
dogs bark - cats miaow [DBCM001] -> Dogs Bark - Cats Miaow [DBCM001]
james peach - jack beanstalk [JPJB521] -> James Peach - Jack Beanstalk [JPJB521]
small pond - big fish (revive) [FIN07CD] -> Small Pond - Big Fish (Revive) [FIN07CD]


Why do syslog and uml-net have /home in /etc/passwd?

Inherited from old times and to not break stuff. Every line in /etc/passwd needs a home (see the addition below). And /etc/passwd is something we take as is as part of the Linux system (and not a Debian/Ubuntu specific feature).

In the old days syslog-ng was pretty common and that used /home/syslog/ to create a directory in there for each data source type.

Before the switch to systemd using rsyslog, storing logs in /var/log/syslog was more common. And systemd uses /run/systemd/journal/syslog.

See the man page:

/etc/passwd contains one line for each user account,
with seven fields delimited by colons (“:”). These fields are:

   ·   login name
   ·   optional encrypted password
   ·   numerical user ID
   ·   numerical group ID
   ·   user name or comment field
   ·   user home directory
   ·   optional user command interpreter

The encrypted password and user command interpreter explicitly are mentioned as "optional". So I would assume the others are mandatory.


Would like to add that I found the Disks Utility (Disks in the Ubuntu Applications launcher) quite handy. You can select the standby options for the HDD by going into Drive settings in More actions.


15.04 Installed fglrx AMD/ATI drivers -- won't boot

Thanks to the community, I found - and am writing down - the steps to remove fglrx AMD/ATI drivers when you can't get to the login screen (or a terminal/console/command prompt/etc.)

Switch on your computer.
Wait until the BIOS has finished loading, or has almost finished. (During this time you will probably see a logo of your computer manufacturer.)
Quickly press and hold the Shift key, which will bring up the GNU GRUB menu. (If you see the Ubuntu logo, you've missed the point where you can enter the GRUB menu.)
Select the line which starts with "Advanced options".
Select the line ending with "(recovery mode)", probably the second line, something like: "Ubuntu GNU/Linux, with Linux 3.8.0-26-generic (recovery mode)"
Press Return and your machine will begin the boot process.
After a few moments, your workstation should display a menu with a number of options. One of the options (you may need to scroll down to the bottom of the list) will be "Drop to root shell prompt". Press Return with this option highlighted.
The root partition is mounted read-only. To mount it read/write, enter the command:

mount -o remount,rw /

If you have /home, /boot, /tmp, or any other mount point on a separate partition, you can mount them with the command (unsure if this step is needed, but unless I'm corrected by someone, I recommend you type in this command as well, otherwise you may not be able to uninstall fglrx. And, again, the command:

mount --all

Type in the following command:

sudo apt-get remove fglrx-*

Enter Y to accept the changes. Ubuntu should then uninstall all fglrx drivers.
Remove the X.org configuratiuon:

sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Type in the following command to reboot your PC:

sudo reboot

Ubuntu should now reboot and use the default open-source drivers again. Cheers!


WACOM Intuos not working on Ubuntu 18.04

I had the same problem. In trying to make it first on my Lenovo Y530 with Ubuntu 18.04 and Wacom Intuos S, I broke my gnome-display manager and keyboard input. I am not sure 100 percent but I think once I installed xserver-xorg-input-wacom and updated, it broke the rest of xserver modules. To fix them, I had to uninstall Nvidia graphics settings and install xserver-xorg-input-all via root shell in recovery mode.
The following two answers can help you fix those two problems:

Nvidia uninstall!
graphics display and input drivers!

If you don't have those problems, then all you need is the propriety driver that already in the default repository of 18.04. If you have installed libwacom via source, then remove it and just let the repository wacom module take over. See this post for uninstallation - input-wacom!
If  libwacom-list-local-devices does not show your device details then you need to add the appropriate .tablet file and .svg file to /usr/share/libwacom. Check this for more details: libwacom github page!
Finally, if you see Android mode when you issue the command above, then you need to make it come to normal mode by pressing the first and fourth buttons simultaneously for around ten seconds. You can simultaneously check the state of xsetwacom --list devices when you are still pressing those buttons.
See the Special Cases section in the above Github page. This answer may help-wacom ctl 4100
I hope it helps you!


ubuntu 13.04, python 2.7, alsa audio problems

I wrote a simple python2/python3 program to use mpg321 and/or aplay for Raspberry Pi using Whezzy- side note added GUI buttons to start and stop audio

in python
os.system('aplay Song.wav &')

must use & or it does not work not sure why

for mpg321
os.system('mpg321 Song.mp3 &')

Check your master volume if you do not hear anything
from command line amixer cset numid=1 80%  to increase volume


Can I run ubuntu without loading it to a harddrive?

Yes, you can.

I assume you are currently running Windows, here are the instructions on how to create a bootable USB stick.

In case I'm wrong about Windows, here are the instructions for Ubuntu and OS X.


x11vnc server - creating multiple zombie processes - how do I stop it?

Running pkill x11vnc should stop x11vnc plus any zombie processes it creates.

This will just send the signal SIGTERM for the program to terminate, and you will be able to run x11vnc after pkilling the previous instance of it.


I think that your question is answered anyway, but I'll add this anyway. This is based on a similar bash script I use for opening Audacity with wine (I have the Linux version, but that does not work with some of the plugins).

#!/bin/bash
Red="\033[1;31m"
clear="\033[1m\033[0m"
mv /home/iaarchiver/.fonts /home/iaarchiver/.fonts.moved
echo -e "$Red Moved fonts directory - starting Photoshop."
wine start /unix '/home/iaarchiver/.wine/drive_c/Program Files/Photoshop/Photoshop.exe'
echo -e  "Photoshop Exited - Returning fonts directory. $clear"
mv /home/iaarchiver/.fonts.moved /home/iaarchiver/.fonts
echo "Goodbye!"

If you save this and run it in terminal, it should:

Move the .font file to .font.moved
tell you that it is starting Photoshop (in a red colour).
Start Photoshop (WILL need a different command from this)
Tell you photoshop has closed and return the fonts directory.

I have not tested this - but it should work - You will need to change the filename locations as I only guessed them from your comments.

N.B. The $Red and $clear are not necessary, but were in my original script so I left them in


Why am I stuck at 640x480 on an Optimus hybrid-graphics system?

I had this problem a couple of days ago every time I tried to install that driver.

Go to the terminal, and run
$ sudo nvidia-xconfig
$ sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
Look for

  HorizSync 28.0 - 33.0
  VertRefresh 43.0 - 72.0

Replace with

  HorizSync 30.0 - 83.0
  VertRefresh 56.0 - 75.0

Save. Reboot. Go to System Settings >> Displays and select the correct resolution.


How to make Super + v switch/toggle to the desktop

I was busy writing a script for it, but then a simple, pragmatic solution popped into my mind:

Install xdotool, to simulate key press:

sudo apt install xdotool

Disable Super+v by the command:

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Dash scopes ['']

Create a custom shortcut: choose: System Settings > "Keyboard" > "Shortcuts" > "Custom Shortcuts". Click the "+" and add the command:

/bin/bash -c "sleep 0.3 && xdotool key Super+d"

to  Super+v.

Now pressing Super+v will toggle the desktop.

Explanation

Since you don't mind leaving Super+d exist, you can make Super+v virtually press Super+d, with the help of xdotool, running the command:

xdotool key Super+d

The sleep 0.3 is to make sure the real key press does not interfere with the virtual one.


Have no excute permission on my hard disk

Add ,uid=1001 to those options (assuming youruser ID in /etc/passwd is 1001)

/dev/sda1 /home/mine/hd1 ext4 auto,exec,users,rw,uid=1001 0 0

Worked for me.


Desktop Cube, Compiz, and GNOME. Bad Mix?

Yes, it's bad mix. Desktop Cube is not supported in Unity. But if you really want it, try this http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2011/04/compiz-cube-natty/


Try:

cd var/
chmod 755 www

Check this article too.

If that doesn't work try this:

chmod 755 /var/www/


Cannot launch inkscape and w3m with same error message "Wrong __data_start/_end pair"

The questioner solved their own question:

  I found a solution by myself. The zsh built-in command "unlimit" written in my .zshrc was the cause of this issue. Removing "unlimit" from .zshrc, inkscape and w3m can be launched normally now. Strictly speaking, "unlimit stacksize" seems to be the root cause.


You are experiencing an almost universal problem with Google Contacts.  It appears that Google stores contacts in a database and duplicates the contact whenever it is changed and marks the old version of the contact so that it is not shown on the website.  I have not been able to find any sync software that can successfully differentiate between current valid contacts and previous versions and deleted contacts.  It seems that at some point Google gets around to removing the old contacts but it seems to take a very long time something like 90 days.


I cant seem to get touchegg to work in Ubuntu 16.10 (unity)

I guess you might have missed the configuration part. It is as follows

Open the Unity dash, search for “Startup applications,” and launch it.
This window will allow the user to make it so touchegg is always running and turns on as soon as Ubuntu logs in. Fill in the details as follows:

Name: TouchEgg – Touchpad Gestures.
Command: touchegg
Comment: “Adds touchpad gestures to Ubuntu.”

With everything filled out, click the “Add button” in the “Add Startup Program” window. Once added, reboot the computer. When Ubuntu logs back in, touchegg will launch automatically.

To add multi-touch

sudo apt install geis-tools
nano .xprofile

Paste the following code into the nano editor to add multi-touch:

synclient TapButton2=0
synclient ClickFinger2=0
synclient TapButton3=0
synclient ClickFinger3=0
synclient HorizTwoFingerScroll=0
synclient VertTwoFingerScroll=0
touchegg &

Press “Ctrl + o” on the keyboard to save the “.xprofile” file and then restart your PC. When you log back in, multi-touch will be added.

Hope this may help!


Bring all open terminal windows forward using a script

The script from the question it works perfectly, but the problem is with your terminal window title which doesn't contain the word (string) "Terminal". To get over this "inadequacy", you have three possibilities:

Make your terminal window to contain the word "terminal". To do this, when you are in terminal, go to Edit → Profile Preferences (or press Alt+E and then O), select Title and Command tab, and follow the instructions from the below image:

As I see in this image, your terminal window title is the same as your terminal prompt. So, the script will work as expected if you run using the following command:

/home/michael/Scripts/bring-all-windows.bash michael@michael

(you  don't need to prepend the above command with bash).
Or, maybe the best choice, in the script match with the window identity, not with window title:

#!/bin/bash

Program=" $(pidof $@) "

wmctrl -lp | while read Window; do
    if [ "${Program/ `echo "$Window" | cut -f 4 -d " "` }" != "$Program" ]; then
        echo "DEBUG: I bring $Window"
        code=`echo "$Window" | cut -f 1 -d " "`
        wmctrl -i -a $code
    fi
done

Then run the script using the following command:

/home/michael/Scripts/bring-all-windows.bash gnome-terminal


How to change wallpaper on 1920X1080 with compiz effects enabled?

Are you using the fglrx driver? Using the open source radeon driver might solve your problem.
Can you log out and log in again after you changed the wallpaper and the coloured lines appeared? Does this solve your problem?


I was confused at first. Later I found the configuration in /etc/sudoers.d/90-cloud-init-users.

# Created by cloud-init v. 0.7.5 on Tue, 16 Sep 2014 14:34:31 +0000

# User rules for azureuser
azureuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL

Comment the last line will solve your problem.


You can install HydraPaper on Ubuntu 17.10 for change desktop wallpaper.

You can install HydraPaper on Ubuntu 17.10 or later — but you’ll first need to install Flatpak and a few dependencies:

sudo apt install flatpak python-pil

Then add the Flathub repo (skip if you already have it set up)

flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo

You can also try to install the app using the following command, running it from the directory you downloaded the Flatpak file to:

flatpak --user install ~/Downloads/hydrapaper-1.1.2.flatpak

Once the app is installed, you should be able to launch it from the Applications screen by searching for it by name.

Useful Link to refer-->Set a Different Wallpaper for Each Monitor on Ubuntu


Wine - Security risks - Dofus warns it's being run by administrator

Do not use wine for programs like you used windows. Programs from unknown sources will introduce you to security problems.

Wine is not windows, so not all programs are running flawlessly. For accurate info on your program look up it in the winehq.org application database.

Your computer will be as secure as you behave. If you are running programs from unknown sources, the only you can blame is you.

Never use sudo with wine, there is no reason to do that. When you have permission problem on accessing peripherals or files, use chmod command to allow user access to certain devices or files.


Not going to work on a new Ubuntu system.

But even then: the install of JMulti expects java 5.

I would suggest doing it this way:

Current OS. Install virtual box.
Install a 32-bit version in virtual box. xubuntu has a 32-bit 18.04 but will be using a newer java (version 8).
Install JMulti into that and test if this works work java 8.
3b. If not hunt down a very old release of Ubuntu (12.04 32-bit should be possible to find) and install it into that.

If that does not work you will be out of luck.


Broadcom Bluetooth module does not work in Ubuntu 15.04 (Broadcom 216F BT)

If you already installed the firmware according to the link in your question, just rename the file.

sudo mv /lib/firmware/brcm/BCM20702A0-0a5c-216f.hcd /lib/firmware/brcm/BCM20702A1-0a5c-216f.hcd

It looks like the new kernel module is looking for another file. But firmware is the same.

If you want to use older kernels too, run

sudo cp /lib/firmware/brcm/BCM20702A0-0a5c-216f.hcd /lib/firmware/brcm/BCM20702A1-0a5c-216f.hcd

instead. It will keep both files.


Is there any way I can run quickly applications from source on other distributions without installing a deb package?

Assuming you have all of the build and run-time dependencies already installed:

If you are running on a debian related system but simply don't want to install a deb I would think you can use the package_version.tar.gz by uncompressing and untarring it into a directory. Then run debian/rules build to make the package and debian/rules install to install it.

It may be possible,using the same untarred directory, to use setup.py to install a quickly python package in the typical pythonic way.


Modify dash minimize/maximize/close icons

The Dash icons are in /usr/share/unity/5/

I've only re-colored the 3 close .png's to match what I use elsewhere


xzoom is a good screen magnifier for X, with a separate draggable window. To use, you drag it's window portion over what you want to zoom in on.

To install, run the command in terminal:

sudo apt install xzoom

To run, either type xzoom in terminal or type "xz" or "magnifier" in the power key search bar (application launcher). It doesn't come up when typing "zoom". Click and hold left click on the xzoom window and drag to what you want to magnify. Move xzoom to where you want it, and resize it as you wish.

I am using Ubuntu 19.04.


You need to install your Nvidia drivers, either opensource (from Ubuntu) or proprietary (from Nvidia).

Read this question: How do I install the Nvidia driver for a GeForce GT 630


You can change the font size for the login screen. For example to change login screen font size from 11 points to 18 points use:

sudo -u lightdm dbus-launch gsettings set com.canonical.unity-greeter font-name "Ubuntu 18"!

Credit: How to change font size of the login screen?


boot repair not working do not have windows 10 disc

The "Please create a BIOS-Boot partition" message indicates that you've booted your Linux installation medium in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, not in the firmware's native EFI/UEFI mode. If you're using the original manufacturer's Windows 10 installation, it's almost certainly in EFI/UEFI mode, so doing a BIOS/CSM/legacy-mode installation of your OS would be a mistake. See this page of mine for information on why this is so, and tips on how to avoid falling into this trap.

As to Windows, it's probably still bootable if you use your computer's built-in boot manager. Unfortunately, the details of how to access this tool vary from one computer to another. It's usually done by hitting Esc, Enter, or a function key early in the boot process, but which key to use is not standardized. You should also be able to boot Windows once you successfully install a Linux distribution and its GRUB; GRUB will enable you to chainload to the Windows boot loader. If you need to boot Windows before you can get Linux up and running, try my rEFInd boot manager on CD-R or USB flash drive (download links for both are provided on that site). Once rEFInd boots, it scans for boot loaders and enables you to launch anything that it finds.


Do I need to install Eclipse to be able to develop applications with Cordova and Phonegap?

It's recommended to install Android Studio at Android Platform Guide - Apache Cordova.

  Installing the Requirements

  Java Development Kit (JDK)

  Install Java Development Kit (JDK) 8. JDK 8 is installed automatically by Android Studio.
  Gradle

  As of Cordova-Android 6.4.0, Gradle is now required to be installed to build Android. Manual
  installation of Gradle is not required because Gradle comes bundled with Android Studio.
  Android SDK

  Install Android Studio. It's not necessary to install Eclipse too because Android SDK is installed by Android Studio.

  System Requirements for Android Studio

  3 GB RAM minimum, 8 GB RAM recommended; plus 1 GB for the Android Emulator
  2 GB of available disk space minimum, 4 GB recommended

  Adding SDK Packages

  After installing the Android SDK, you must also install the packages for whatever API level you wish to target. It is recommended
  that you install the highest SDK version that your version of
  cordova-android supports (see Requirements and
  Support).


After installing Steam through PlayOnLinux, do I install the windows games through Steam or PlayOnLinux?

For running windows only games, you can startup wine from playonlinux and install them from steam.

Although, you can usually install games directly from playonlinux as well.


Efficient way to backup original laptop for warranty purposes?

If you make a compressed backup, you won't need anything like > 1 TB of storage for the backup.  The installed Windows 10 on a new machine should be no larger than about 40 GB, and you'll get close to 50% compression, so you'll "only" need about 20 GB or so of storage.  If you use a built-in Ubuntu backup utility, then restoring (if you need warranty service) can be done from the same Live media you used to make the backup (and presumably install).

The slightly trickier part will be recreating, exactly, the original partitions -- Windows machines no longer come with one large partition; instead, there's a "boot" partition, a Windows partition, and a data partition (at its simplest).  If you're concerned about warranty being voided or denied because of installing Ubuntu, you'll want to be sure you can put those partitions back in precisely the same location and size they were originally in.  Fortunately, gparted has an option to back up a partition, and later restore it precisely -- if you use that option to backup up each partition, in order, then make a compressed backup of those backups, you'll need the large storage only for so long as it takes to get from original Windows to your compressed, second generation backup -- and once more when/if you restore.

However, you can back up the boot and Windows partitions into the untouched data partition, then make the compressed backups of those onto your external medium.  Once that's done, if you want/need to restore, you'll make a partition large enough to restore the compressed backups, restore the partitions from the restored copies, then delete and recreate the data partition filling all the remaining space.


Why do I get "init: failed to create pty..." errors on boot?

This is currently a known bug in upstart (Ubuntu's startup manager or init-replacement).

It should not be happening to normal users running the regular Ubuntu kernel on a desktop/laptop, but apparently it does for some of them.

The fix is to add a --no-log boot option to your kernel command line. You can do this by editing /etc/default/grub:

Alt+F2, then gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub
Look for the line starting with GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=
The line normally says this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
Add --no-log to that line, i.e.:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash --no-log"
Save and exit. Reboot and the errors/warnings should be gone.

Technical Explanation

According to comments in the bug report, upstart expects /dev/pts to be mounted and the /dev/ptmx device to exist when it starts, and prints these errors when it can't find the devices. These are set up by the initramfs on Ubuntu, so in theory these errors should only occur on embedded devices, etc. that have no initramfs. They should not be fatal because eventually in the startup process, mountall will ensure that /dev/pts and /dev/ptmx are set up correctly.


With only one load balancer, I wouldn't think you would have any need for heartbeat.

For the 'haproxy will not start' problem, the listening address of

  webfarm 10.4.3.56:80

is likely the virtual address of the web farm you're trying to create.  Since the IP is not bound to a local adapter (because you're not running heartbeat to create this virtual IP), haproxy will not start.  Use an IP that exists on the host, or use:

  webfarm 0.0.0.0:80

After HAProxy starts, point a browser to the IP address of the host running HAProxy.  You should receive results from your two web servers.


When 'make menuconfig' is executed, you just edit a configuration file.

At the end of the edition, you need to issue 'make', to make effect of the configuration. It is always necessary to run 'make' to make effect of your configurations.

The problem is that you are having erros that do not have anything related to the configuration you just did. You system have some problem that you need to solve before trying to compile a kernel. And let me say: these problems are very common.


Your problem is that you want to use the SMTP service on your local computer and this service does not exist!

So, ou need to install the SMTP daemon

apt-get install opensmtpd

then, you need to start it using

sudo smtpd

and now, your command should work.