Clean install of 15.10 on bare disk results in unbootable machine due to secure boot / UEFI

Eduardo Cola's comment is correct. To elaborate....

Your problem almost certainly had nothing to do with Secure Boot. (As a side note, Secure Boot is just one optional feature of EFI firmware.) Secure Boot problems almost always manifest as an inability to boot into anything Linux-related, including the GRUB boot loader itself. Typically, if there's a Secure Boot problem, the computer will skip booting GRUB, sometimes displaying an error message about a Secure Boot violation. Occasionally you'll get to GRUB but won't be able to boot a kernel.

What happened to you is that you installed using the Compatibility Support Module (CSM), aka "legacy boot support" or a similar phrase. The CSM permits booting BIOS-mode boot loaders. That feature must have been enabled in your firmware -- but it's possible that the settings were confusing. For instance, your system might enable BIOS-mode booting from external media even if it's set to favor EFI-mode booting from hard disks. If you then selected your USB flash drive or CD-R via a menu description that did not include the string "UEFI," it would have booted in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. This normally works OK because the computer will then boot the hard disk in the same way; but it sounds like your firmware may be designed with an option to permit BIOS-mode booting from a USB drive but not from a hard disk. It's possible that there's a firmware option to control this behavior, but I can't be more precise because there are no standards for firmware user interfaces, and every manufacturer seems to like to go their own way on such things. For more on the CSM and how it can cause problems, see my page on the subject.

The easy path for you is to continue booting in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. There are few downsides to this, although you should be aware of the boot mode for certain types of future activities, like if you want to install a second OS or update Ubuntu via a boot from an external medium.

If you want to convert to EFI/UEFI-mode booting, I recommend you begin by studying your firmware's boot options. Read its manual and try to decipher what any options related to boot mode may mean. Unfortunately, this can be quite difficult, because the meaning of these options is usually poorly described. Set the computer to at least support EFI-mode booting, and plan to set it to prohibit BIOS-mode booting once you get the system converted, to avoid future problems like this. You can then convert the system to boot in EFI mode. There are two approaches to this:

Re-install Ubuntu -- You can wipe the disk clean and start fresh. (sudo sgdisk -Z /dev/sda will erase the partition table on /dev/sda in a fraction of a second, which is good enough.) You must be sure to boot the Ubuntu installer in EFI mode. Drop to a shell and check for a directory called /sys/firmware/efi after you've booted the installer but before you begin the installation process. If that directory is present, you've booted in EFI mode; if it's absent, you've booted in BIOS mode. If you find you've booted in BIOS mode, reboot and select some other boot option until you succeed.
Convert the existing installation -- You can install any of several EFI boot loaders for Linux to boot in EFI mode. (See my page on EFI boot loaders for a rundown of what's available.) That's easier said than done, though. Most EFI-mode installations use the GUID Partition Table (GPT), but your disk probably uses the older Master Boot Record (MBR) system. In theory, you can boot from an MBR disk in EFI mode, but this practice is very rare, so I don't recommend it. Instead, you should convert from MBR to GPT with gdisk, as described in the gdisk documentation. You'll probably also have to create an EFI System Partition (ESP) on the disk. (I recommend you make it 550MiB or a bit larger.) This will probably necessitate shrinking at least one partition, which you can do with GParted. You can then install a boot loader to the ESP. Boot Repair can do this relatively painlessly; or you can boot with a CD-R or USB flash drive of my rEFInd boot manager and then install it by installing its Debian package or PPA.

If this is a really fresh installation, re-installing will almost certainly be easier. (I'd find converting easier, but that's only because I know my way around these procedures very well.)

If you want to use Secure Boot, you may; most of the preceding steps will work with Secure Boot either enabled or disabled. One exception is rEFInd: The USB flash drive and CD-R images I distribute won't work with Secure Boot enabled, so you'll need to boot with it disabled. You can still use Secure Boot with rEFInd, but you'll need to jump through some extra hoops and enable it after you've installed rEFInd. (Alternatively, you can re-install or convert your existing system and get GRUB working, then install rEFInd. If you install rEFInd from a working Secure Boot setup, the installer will detect and use the Shim program installed with GRUB.)


I think it's because the file doesn't have a shebang line. It should be something like:

#!/bin/sh
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

Also make sure the file has execution permission:

sudo chmod +x /etc/network/if-up.d/vpn-routing


Ubuntu 18.04 random freezes/crashes while using different applicaitons

Swap
Let's increase your /swapfile from 2G to 4G...
Note: Incorrect use of the dd command can cause data loss. Suggest copy/paste.
In the terminal...
sudo swapoff -a           # turn off swap
sudo rm -i /swapfile      # remove old /swapfile

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096

sudo chmod 600 /swapfile  # set proper file protections
sudo mkswap /swapfile     # init /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile     # turn on swap
free -h                   # confirm 4G RAM and 4G swap

Confirm this /swapfile line at the end of /etc/fstab... and confirm no other “swap” lines...
To edit, use sudo -H gedit /etc/fstab or sudo pico /etc/fstab
/swapfile  none  swap  sw  0  0

reboot                    # reboot and verify operation

Memtest
Note: Depending on the apps that you're running, you may need to add more memory.
Let's test your memory...
Go to https://www.memtest86.com/ and download/run their free memtest to test your memory. Get at least one complete pass of all the 4/4 tests to confirm good memory. This may take a few hours to complete.


The do keyword should either be on a new line or after a ;.

General rule of thumb from personal experience, when an error is reported as being near an unexpected token, always look at the code before it (not just in bash)


Try Xwax.

  xwax is an open-source Digital Vinyl System (DVS) for Linux. It allows
  DJs and turntablists to playback digital audio files (MP3, Ogg Vorbis,
  FLAC, AAC and more), controlled using a normal pair of turntables via
  timecoded vinyls.

  It's designed for both beat mixing and scratch mixing. Needle drops,
  pitch changes, scratching, spinbacks and rewinds are all supported,
  and feel just like the audio is pressed onto the vinyl
  itself.xwax

To download, and more information see their website


Unable to access the terminal in Ubuntu 20.04

if you can open the .bashrc with a text application like 'Text Editor'
edit it as advised by Thiago Rider Augusto in I messed up my .bashrc

Click in Ubuntu icon (the first bottom in side menu).
Write gedit
Open Text Editor clicking in its icon.
Click in Open.
In the list, write: ~/.bashrc
Enter
Clean your failing .bashrc file.
Save and you can open terminal again.

second option is to default your .bashrc -
ADVISABLE YOU MAKE A COPY OF THIS FILE BEFORE REPLACING IT - (just make a copy, rename a backup when you go to that file in the file manager in /etc/skel/)
see if you can switch TTY with CTRL-ALT-F4, login and run this below

Finally, use the following command in your terminal to replace the >~/.bashrc with a fresh copy,
/bin/cp /etc/skel/.bashrc ~/
It will replace your corrupt ~/.bashrc with a fresh one. After that, you >need to source the ~/.bashrc so that the change takes place immediately, >write in the terminal,
. ~/.bashrc
or,
source ~/.bashrc

as mentioned by souravc default  .bashrc
then CTRL-ALT-F1 to return -


ubuntu touch on a nexus 4 with OTG support

Currently, Keyboard and mouse through OTG is working on my Nexus 7 2013, though there's still no mouse cursor shown on the screen making it difficult to use and attaching a keyboard doesn't stop the on-screen keyboard to appear. With this, I assume your instrument might be able to communicate with the device through OTG but not sure about the driver libraries


This is currently not supported natively in netplan (just as it is not supported in ifupdown or networkd).  It's better to use ip link txqueuelen instead of ifconfig txqueuelen because the ip command will be available in more configurations than the (deprecated) ifconfig command.  Applying this in a udev rule instead of in /etc/rc.local would allow it to take effect as soon as the interface is available - and after any resets - rather than only at the "end" of boot.


Disable Mouse Movement in Tap Zones on Synaptics Trackpad

I just ran into this problem myself and sadly it's a matter of RTFM, because it gets described in the manual pretty clearly (Look it up here: http://www.x.org/archive/X11R7.5/doc/man/man4/synaptics.4.html).

The relevant value is "AreaBottomEdge" and the manual says "Ignore movements, scrolling and tapping which take place below this edge. The option is disabled by default and can be enabled by setting the AreaBottomEdge option to any integer value other than zero."
So to try it out you can do:

Do a synclient -l | grep BottomEdge to find out your touchpads bottom edge.
Let x be the value of BottomEdge minus the height of your wanted deadzone
Do a synclient AreaBottomEdge=x
For it to be permanent put it as an "Option" in the 50-synaptics.conf file (Don't know where it is on Ubuntu, I'm on Archlinux and there its /etc/X11/xorg.d/50-synaptics)

Anyway, hope this helps.


Unable to change permisions on windows partition disk

try this

sudo chown username /media/mountfolder


How to partition Ubuntu to span multiple disks?

Use Logical Volume Manager(LVM) for this. I have a detailed thread which talks about this topic. It has some other pointers(references) also.

In general the OOTB Ubuntu creates two partitions for you - root(/) and swap.

But you would like to have /usr, /opt, /home, /var on different logical volumes which can span across the disks(and giving you flexibility to add the disk to the logical group/volume later if needed).


"open with list" disappeared after 16.10 upgrade

I'm quite sure Open with Other Applications is the new Open with List. Whenever I use it , it gives a list of all usable applications on my system. The application list is segmented into recommended and other applications, and works similar to Windows' Open with... dialog box, if you're familiar with that.

EDIT SINCE I CAN'T COMMENT YET: I still got an Open With RMB menu that seems to do what you wanted.


Docker Portainer /templates.json: permission denied - Ubuntu 18.04

I followed the instructions on docker website and it worked.
Deployment Portainer


Can't Upgrade from 14.04.5-LTS to 16.04-LTS

Open "Software and Updates" and click the "Other Software" tab. Deselect any PPAs there and try again.

Screenshots coming soon.


How to uninstall/install youtube-dl by using terminal

Try pip command to upgrade youtube-dl

sudo pip install --upgrade youtube-dl

If you get this message:

sudo: pip: command not found

Then first install pip:

sudo apt-get install python-setuptools
sudo easy_install pip
sudo pip install --upgrade youtube-dl


Your problem is:

minicom: cannot open /dev/modem
found modem on /dev/ttyUSB0

/dev/modem is not the same as /dev/ttyUSB0. Your modem is device /dev/ttyUSB0. Minicom is failing because it is trying to open /dev/modem/. Change the device in the minicom settings or run:

minicom -D /dev/ttyUSB0

A more creative solution would be to add a udev rule that creates the /dev/modem symlink automatically. Create /etc/udev/rules.d/95-usb-modem.rules

SUBSYSTEM=="tty", ATTRS{idVendor}=="12d0", ATTRS{idProduct}=="1001", SYMLINK+="modem"

Replace the 12d0 and 1001 with the vendor:product for your modem from lsusb


How to beautify JavaScript files recursively?

Vim supports formatting source code files with the commannd gg=G. gg is a (probably redundant) motion that jumps to the beginning of the file; = is the indent command, and the G motion means "execute until end of file". I know, it sounds like alien talk...

In order to execute this on many files, you can create a file and name it whatever you want, e.g. vim-indent.txt, inside which type the following:

gg=G:wq

with a trailing line-break.

Basically, this file contains a recording of keys we want to press upon running VIM. The :wq<ENTER> command means "write and quit", and it has to be terminated with a line-break. Without that, vim will just type the command and sit there waiting you to press enter manually.

You can then execute the script on a file like this:

vim -s vim-indent.txt your_file.js

The result is that VIM would open the file your_file.js and "press" all keys recorded in vim-indent.txt, the result of which is applying indentation, writing the file and quitting.

You can automate executing this command on an entire file tree using find:

find [path/to/your/directory] -type f -name '*.js' -exec vim -s vim-indent.txt "{}" \;

Note that it's highly recommended that you copy the entire directory, operate on the copy and check whether you like the result.


Is it possible to unformat an ext4 partition that previously had an ext4 partition on it?

No, it is not possible.  Your best bet is to restore from backup.  If you don't have a backup, then kick yourself for not keeping backups, pray to whatever god you believe in, and give photorec from the testdisk package a try.  You will need another drive to save any recovered files to, and you will have a fun time trying to identify and name them.


Ubuntu: Switch from Nvidia to Intel graphics?

To achieve what you want, you will have to install the proprietary NVIDIA drivers and Optimus.
After that you can switch between the graphics from NVIDIA X Server Settings PRIME Profiles.
Assuming you have a NVIDIA GEFORCE 400 series adapter or newer execute these commands :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

Update addressing your response to having problems with 352 drivers

Use another method - first uninstall the formerly installed NVIDIA drivers.
Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 - enter user name and password - execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Now install the NVIDIA drivers 358 from the Proprietary GPU Drivers PPA.
Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 - enter user name and password - execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-358 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot


There are many ways to do that, one of the easiest way is you can mark hold on those packages.
e.g:

apt-mark hold vim


Installing programs/saving files on persitence or not

You can Install Office 2010 by using wine as explained  here http://www.liberiangeek.net/2013/04/installing-microsoft-office-2010-in-ubuntu-has-gotten-a-lot-easier-with-wine/

after installing it completely , use it and save the files anywhere but Home is recommended  then you can either open them in Office by wine or by simply ussing libre Office.

Hope it helped you.


The issue here is that the software the OP wants to install has only been built for the previous version of Ubuntu, 13.10, while the OP is running 14.04.

So, you'll have to edit the software entry via Modify within Software & Updates on the Other Software tab. Click on the Other Software tab, select the PPA you want to edit, and press Edit at the base of the window, next to the Add button.

Simply modify the value of Distribution (currently trusty) to match the version that the software you want to install is built for. In this case, you would change it to saucy, 13.10's codename and the latest version built.


Although technically off-topic question, I had same problem today with Kernel 4.14.78-generic which I installed to fix problems suspending with supported kernel 4.13.0-36-generic.

I created this script: /lib/systemd/system-sleep/custom-xhci_hcd:

#!/bin/bash

# Original script was using /bin/sh but shellcheck reporting warnings.

# NAME: custom-xhci_hcd
# PATH: /lib/systemd/system-sleep
# CALL: Called from SystemD automatically
# DESC: Suspend broken for USB3.0 as of Oct 25/2018 various kernels all at once

# DATE: Oct 28 2018.

# NOTE: From comment #61 at: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/522998

TMPLIST=/tmp/xhci-dev-list

# Original script was: case "${1}" in hibernate|suspend)

case $1/$2 in
  pre/*)
    echo "$0: Going to $2..."
    echo -n '' > $TMPLIST
          for i in `ls /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xhci_hcd/ | egrep '[0-9a-z]+\:[0-9a-z]+\:.*$'`; do
              # Unbind xhci_hcd for first device XXXX:XX:XX.X:
               echo -n "$i" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xhci_hcd/unbind
           echo "$i" >> $TMPLIST
          done
        ;;
  post/*)
    echo "$0: Waking up from $2..."
    for i in `cat $TMPLIST`; do
              # Bind xhci_hcd for first device XXXX:XX:XX.X:
              echo -n "$i" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xhci_hcd/bind
    done
    rm $TMPLIST
        ;;
esac

Then mark as executable using:

sudo chmod a+x /lib/systemd/system-sleep/custom-xhci_hcd


Can I transparently compress some files on a samba share

You could mount a compressing filesystem on a directory within the SAMBA share, and save your XML files in that.  FUSE provides at least three filesystems that could be used for this purpose: compFUSEd, FuseCompress and LZOlayer_fs.

There is also a kernel patch for plugging transparent compression into the ext2 filesystem but it has a track record of being abandoned and then taken up again, it's for ext2 only (not ext3/4), and it's definitely more invasive than using FUSE.


Will a LiveCD with the Nvidia proprietary drivers still work on Intel or AMD graphics?

I'm assuming you've customized a LiveCD with the Nvidia proprietary driver....

No, on systems without an Nvidia card, the proprietary driver should not break the open-source Intel i915 or AMD radeon driver support. But if you have a hybrid Nvidia "Optimus" laptop, the behavior may be unpredictable.


How do I capture footage with a Fushicai USBTV007 (EasyCAP)?

Yours is the newest model in the EasyCap family, the Fushicai USBTV007 and, according to the linked document, it should have native support both for video and audio capture in the kernel since version 3.19.


Why does Intel Graphics Installer depend on ttf-ancient-fonts?

We (the team who wrote the installer) use a few symbols like ⏳ (HOURGLASS WITH FLOWING SAND) in the UI (in some activity messages the installer sends and so forth): installing ttf-ancient-fonts means there's guaranteed to be a font with enough unicode coverage that they show up.


How can I have quick access the music controls?

There isn't a way to change behavior of the indicator, but you can use multimedia keys on your keyboard. If you don't have next/previous track buttons on your keyboard, you can bind other keys in the Keyboard System Settings. My keyboard only has volume up/down/mute buttons, but I have bound them to the next/prev/play buttons instead, as I don't use software volume control really. You can also keep both functions and use Ctrl+VolumeUp to mean next track, for example. You're free to decide what buttons or combination to bind, in the keyboard settings.


The bug fix has been committed but not released yet, so sort of building it yourself the fix for that bug isn't available yet. You can try it by enabling the proposed repository:

How do I add the "proposed" repository?

See also here:

What does "Fix Committed" mean?


My installed Ubuntu 10.10 system is broken. Can I install 12.04 over it using the Wubi installer?

No, the WUBI installer installs Ubuntu itself inside your Windows partition.

Use the liveCD you used to install Ubuntu in the first place to remove your Ubuntu partitions. Then resize your Windows partition so it fills your entire drive.
(Using Gparted, it's in the System menu)

Then, boot from the Windows install CD, and select repair bootloader (or something like that).

You can then install the latest Ubuntu using WUBI or a liveCD/liveUSB.


You should do:

sudo apt remove --purge proftpd* -y
sudo rm /etc/proftpd/ -rf
sudo apt install --reinstall proftpd

I prefer nano, but vi is also a good editor.


I had similar issue, my touchpad was working in a super basic (move and click only) mode.

After reading all the comments on https://bugs.launchpad.net/linux/+bug/550625/ I got it to work by installing Seth's psmouse-alps-dkms_0.10_all.deb from comment #492:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/linux/+bug/550625/comments/492

Now I have:

touchpad preferences in system settings
two finger vertical and horizontal scroll
tow finger right-click

My touchpad is "AlpsPS/2 ALPS DualPoint TouchPad".

Find out your touchpad brand running:

xinput list

good luck!

Luciano


What's up with Ubuntu Desktop API docs? Why are all the AppIndicator links dead?

As you may have heard, in April 2017, Canonical announced that Unity and all related projects were being abandoned. This includes indicators, which were an Ubuntu specific project. As such, during the last 12 months, several parts of that, which were hosted by Canonical, have been taken down or removed from web sites, including developer documentation.

However, that documentation was simply styled to match the web site, and is the same documentation that is in the source code, and shipped in the packaging. Simply install the libappindicator-doc package, and you will have a local copy of the documentation. If you want it to be a little easier to browse, you can also consider installing the devhelp package.


+  = ☠; how to prevent shutdown when cat presses physical button?

To disable the power button in standard Ubuntu (which we assume you use since you did not provide information on the DE you use), issue following command:
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power power-button-action 'nothing'

Undo, i.e., reset to default with
gsettings reset org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power power-button-action


Landscape OpenID-Connect (OIDC) with ADFS 2019

Just to clarify, did you use the setup for OpenID Support or OpenID-Connect Support section of the document?

These 2 options are completely different (as per https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/44611/difference-between-oauth-openid-and-openid-connect-in-very-simple-term ) and for your setup, with ADFS2019 you want to use OpenID-Connect Support


How to get past "sending 'system' (92311 KB)..." when installing ubuntu on Nexus 7

If the system is stuck, you can safely start over albeit you will have to do it manually.

I'm going to say with a high degree of confidence that the devices that provide a fastboot interface and more so all the Nexus devices are mostly unbrickable unless you flash the bootloader, notice that I say bootloader and not the boot image.

So to start from scratch, reboot the device into fastboot once more. You can do so by pressing power and holding the Volume up and down keys all at the same time.

Locate your image files, I will shortly refer to them as system.img, boot.img and recovery.img from which I am omitting the device specific tag (grouper in the case of the Nexus 7 for a more generic answer).

Once you locate them just run:

fastboot flash system system.img
fastboot flash boot boot.img

Optionally flash the recovery.img which phablet-flash -b does for you anyways:

fastboot flash recovery recovery.img

Then boot into recovery

fastboot boot recovery.img

Once in recovery, locate the Ubuntu side of the install, the file should be named saucy-preinstalled-phablet-armhf.zip (given that you are working on an unflipped model, the flipped/unflipped will make more sense in the following days from the date of this post). Push this so it is deployed by recovery:

adb push saucy-preinstalled-phablet-armhf.zip /sdcard/autodeploy.zip
adb reboot recovery

It should be mostly done after this.


Installing to a hdd with known bad sectors

It shouldn't be a problem unless the HDD is in its death throes. As @mikewhatever said, bad sectors are remapped automatically by the hard drive as it is completely normal and somewhat expected for one or two sectors to go bad eventually.

I have installed Lubuntu on a system that showed 1 bad sector. The installer didn't complain about anything and I didn't notice anything particularly off.


Could not get lock /var/cache/apt/archives/lock - open

If there is only one terminal running apt-get, or no Synaptic and Ubuntu Software Center; You can remove or move the lock file using:

sudo mv /var/cache/apt/archives/lock /var/cache/apt/archives/lock_bak


How can I create a application launcher for a .sh file for jar file?

First you have to make sure that the script file (.sh) is executable.
Make the script executable
In Nautilus, right-click it, select properties, permissions. Make sure that "executable" is ticked.
Now if you double-click the file you should be able to run the program.
Step 2: Create launcher
There two ways to do that.
The easy way
Install alacarte from Ubuntu software center or type sudo apt-get install alacarte in a terminal.
Then open the "Main Menu" application and create a new launcher for your script.
A more complex way
You may create a .desktop file for your script by copying and modifying one of the files in /usr/share/applications.
You may save the file in ~/.local/share/applications/
A nice guide for creating .desktop files can be found here


What can I do when the Network Manager tray/panel icon stops responding?

Use sudo stop NetworkManager followed by sudo start NetworkManager in a terminal when this occurs.


unable to load windows or its drives. Data in those drive is important

From your boot repair report it seems that Ubuntu has replaced Windows. I think your best bet to recover data is to stop using the installed Ubuntu, boot from a live disk, install testdisk  and choose the recover partitions option.

Testdisk step by step guide


I am not sure if it is the answer to my question. However, it worked for what I wanted to do:
Using GENOME desktop environment I could not couple some windows and obviously, Unity Tweak Tools did not worked. So, I changed desktop environment from GENOME to Unity by following this tutorial: https://itsfoss.com/use-unity-ubuntu-17-10/

Hope this helps other people like me.


Executive Summary
This problem (very probably) has the same solution as this question; if you wish, you can immediately skip to the solutions there (take your pick).1
This should enable you to boot to both your Ubuntu and Windows systems successfuly.
1 However, since this is a very different form of the problem--the problem isn't the absence of GRUB in the MBR per se, but instead the presence of the old system's GRUB--I think this should be kept as a separate question, and not marked as a duplicate of that one.
What Happened, and How To Fix It
It appears that Ubuntu's installer detected the GRUB installation that belonged to Fedora (or parts of that installation) and decided to "play it safe" by not installing GRUB itself. Unfortunately, because the Fedora system doesn't exist anymore, its GRUB installation is non-functional.
The solution to this problem is to boot from an Ubuntu live CD/DVD/USB and install Ubuntu's GRUB boot loader. (This may or may not be a different version of GRUB than your Fedora system used. The issue here is that parts of the currently installed GRUB boot loader were located inside your Fedora system, and no longer exist. The corresponding parts of GRUB need to be installed in the Ubuntu system instead.)
To reinstall GRUB to your MBR and fix this problem, use any of the methods presented in either of these places:

How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?)
Reinstalling GRUB 2 - Fixing a Broken System

In my opinion, the non-chrooting live terminal method or Boot Repair are usually easiest. Please note that you only have to use one method to achieve this. (Unless that fails. Then you might want to try another one.)
(Optional Reading) Some Technical Details About the Problem
The GRUB boot loader installs a small part of itself to a disk's boot record. Unlike some more minimalistic boot loaders (e.g., SYSLINUX, LILO), GRUB won't fit into a boot record, so the part it installs there serves to bootstrap into your main GRUB installation, which is located on a partition somewhere and typically is managed by one of your installed operating systems.
Your BIOS (or another boot loader) examines the boot record, executes the GRUB bootstrap code that's there, and that then hands off control to the fully-fledged GRUB installation in a partition.
Judging from your error message (mainly: error: disk 'lvm/fedora-boot' not found.), it appears that the GRUB bootstrap installed to your Master Boot Record points to the full GRUB installation in the Fedora system. That system no longer exists.
The solution, as explained above, is to make the GRUB bootstrap in the MBR point to the working GRUB installation in the Ubuntu system's partition (a partition which, unlike Fedora's LVM, does still exist on your system). This is the process colloquially referred to as "reinstalling GRUB to the MBR" or "repairing GRUB."


Did you pair the headphones with the laptop beforehand?
When you say "connect" do you mean to establish a bluetooth connection or to change the audio output in sound settings. If you mean to latter had a similar issue when I was running ubuntu 13.04 on my laptop. After several attempts to fix it I threw in the towel and downgraded to 12.04. Since then I have had no bluetooth related issues.


How to properly have a theme that is not completely dark but has dark menus in Lubuntu 12.10?

I have a workaround for this:

first, I have identified a theme that is most desirable except that it has no dark menus. I selected Ambiance.
then, I have selected some theme that has dark menus (all of them, like MediterraneanLight and AmbianceOneiric-Master having the problem  reported in the question)
In usr/share/themes i have created a new folder and in it copied the gtk2 folder of the Ambiance theme and the gtk3 folder of one of the two darked-menus themes mentioned. The new theme resulted works now fine, all menus are dark and without errors.

I guess Lubuntu doesn't handle well all gtk3 themes. In the themes that i used in Lubuntu there are unity or metacity folders that Lubuntu doesn't use. I guess these can be deleted. So, the idea is to find a theme that has good gtk3 display in Lubuntu (like Ambiance)  and  use its gtk3 folder to "heal" the themes that do not work ok concerning gtk3 but have other desirable features (like dark menus) that I guess are related to gtk2.

A last fix may be needed for setting the same color scheme for both gtk2 and gtk3 appearance of menus and programs (like selection in the now dark menus: for example Ambiance-GTK3 menus have orange selection while the main menus and others may have blue or other color selection). Lubuntu's "Customize look and feel" lets you set the colors yourself. Using customized color scheme for selected items and other stuff would set that color scheme in both gtk2 and gtk3 programs.

(Taking a theme with dark menus and deleting the gtk3 folder completely would result in the dark menus (which previously had errors) becoming white with dark letters (but with no errors), while some programs that previously had errors like synaptic would appear without any theme).

This "blindfolded" and  naive approach is the one I sometimes use to get mixed themes like that.


switching between open application windows

I'm guessing that you might have installed a third-party program that interrupts the shortcut. If you installed anything weird, try uninstalling it.

You might want to check out your keys and see if they are working properly physically. It might not be Ubuntu's fault.

If all else fails, you could always use Xubuntu 14.04 (or Xfce on Ubuntu) instead. Alt+tab works fine for me there. I'm pretty sure it worked fine on regular Ubuntu 14.04, too, for me, though.


What partitions should I see when using Gparted?

Using this image as reference, under the Device column (top to bottom):

/dev/sda - the name of the actual drive
/dev/sda1, /dev/sda2,...,/dev/sda7 - are all partitions on said drive

If you look at the Type column, you can see the partition formats:

ntfs for /dev/sda1 and /dev/sda2 probably mean they are windows partitions
ext4 for /dev/sda5 and /dev/sda7 these are linux partitions
swap for /dev/sda6 is linux swap (as indicated by the chart at the upper part of the picture)

For extra safety, you can use windows disk manager to 'empty' the area on the disk you want ubuntu to use. that way when you boot up ubuntu it will show up as 'allocated disk space' (usually marked in grey on gparted), then let the installer use that area on the disk.

I've done this many times over the past 7 years. but not since I got my current laptop (over a year ago). at the time I found the older version of this guide to be very helpful.


"Where can i see which color does what." – Colors don't do anything. They are there for the applications to use.

As terminals evolved through the years, they went from monochrome through 8, 16, 256, and nowadays sometimes even 16 million colors they support. Many utilities still only use the “standard” 16 colors (in addition to the “default” of the emulator), they are the ones whose exact color value can be defined here.


Why is Reaper not picking up signal from my MIDI controller?

I finally got this working last night.  I was using jackd from the command line, and didn't realize that I needed a2jmidid to bridge my MIDI controller.

The other option is to run qjackctl and under the MIDI tab connect your MIDI controller to an output.


Selective Restore from a Deja Dup backup?

See this answer. Beware that if you right-click on a file you're offered "Revert to Previous Version..." instead of "Restore Missing Files...". To easily click outside of a file you may need to temporarily switch to icon view instead of list view.


Mouse cursor having a longer trail and lagging

The same cause was referenced in these reports:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1773993
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1773581
https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=106943
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1773520
https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=103497

Kernel 4.15.0-24 fixed the issue on Bionic and Xenial. The fix also available in the kernel 4.18-rc1 and will be backported to other Ubuntu kernels.


once that happed to me so after i enter my password i wait like 3 seconds and i click on the "x" "exit" button and it works


If you came here to play HL, HL2 or any other Steam for Linux released game see How can I install Steam? for the answer which is a lot simpler than this. This one only apply to games outside the Steam environment or not yet on steam. Also know that Half-Life is natively supported in Ubuntu. Most likely HL2 will follow.

To play both, HL and HL2 (Not through steam) you first need the Wine PPA (It is much better than the actual version that comes with Ubuntu). So first install the Wine PPA (Does not matter if you already have PlayOnLinux installed). PlayOnLinux can work without the need of having Wine installed since it will eventually download its own version of Wine if it detects you do not have one (Including addons which are similar in use as winetricks). It also downloads specific Wine versions even if you have Wine install for some specific cases (Some games in PoL depend on specific Wine versions).

If you use Wine PPA or PlaOnLinux the game should work with no problem.

Follow this guide to install the latest Wine: http://www.winehq.org/download/ubuntu
After that go to Software Center and look for Wine with version 1.5.x. Right now it is 1.5.23. Install it. You can also install it via the terminal with sudo apt-get install wine.
Download PlayOnLinux from their website and install it.
Execute PlayOnLinux at least once so it can download the needed Fonts and configures itself for use.
If you try to run the games with Wine, first try to download, any needed libraries and additional packages the game needs. This can be done with winetricks. You can run winetricks from the Dash or from the terminal like winetricks --gui. For HL, HL2 and many other games I have tested, including but not limited to: Trine, Trine2, Portal, Portal2 and many others I recommend the following Winetricks installation:

Open Winetricks and select Select the default wineprefix

Select **Install a windows DLL or component

Install all that I have marked (and any additional you need for a specific app). This should cover many apps and games. I have not had any additional problems after installing this with many games:

The Physx component, even if you do not have Nvidia, you still need to install it for games that require it.

Now simply right click the installer for HL1 or HL2 and select Open with Wine. Tested again with both games. Working perfectly (Not the Steam version, only the older CD/DVD versions).
If you try to run the game through PlayOnLinux, the app will guide you step by step on how to install the game and will take care of many aspects of it's installation including needed DLL and other components to make it work right.


That may have been an overkill for your Atom. Check this out for correct hardware support

and recommended Ubuntu Netbook Edition

your best bet would be to use a more current, less demanding version. Such as 11.10


Dollar sign in environment variable's value

Your example does not illustrate your question.

$ toto="somevalue"
$ MY_VAR="$toto"
$ echo $MY_VAR
somevalue
$

To do what you asked, you'd need:

MY_VAR='$toto'

or

MY_VAR="\$toto"

Can't tell for sure if it's bad practice. Personally I don't see any obvious problem.


Disable/reduce time fade out animation dash

Since GNOME 3.8 there is an explicit option to disable animations, you can change with gconf editor, or simply issue this from terminal:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface enable-animations false

Also if this is not enough for you or you PC, you can enhace the responsiveness of UI by reducing the animation time:

sudo nano /usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/overview.js

Change the ANIMATION_TIME to 0.001

const ANIMATION_TIME = 0.001;


I had the same problem. After updating Python to version 3.7, some applications like Jupyter Notebook, Meld and the terminal, did not launch.
The problem was that the symbolic link to python3.4 was lost. Reinstalling python3-minimal solved it:
sudo apt-get --reinstall install python3-minimal


I am using mouse pointor for workspace switch is there any shortcut to it?

CTRL+ALT+Arrow key will move between workspaces.


After accidentally ejecting an external drive, can I remount it, as a regular user?

Use

gvfs-mount -d /dev/sdb1

as regular user.


Installing Ubuntu along with fedora and win 7

Did you install Fedora with its default file system LVM?
In Ubuntu you need to add the lvm drivers then mount the Fedora partitions then you've to update your grub in order to get Fedora on the list.
So follow these steps:

Install LVM drivers:
 sudo apt-get install lvm2

Mount the Fedora partition:
You can use these link for more help:

Cannot access the filesystems using LiveCD (LVM2,EXT2)
Fedora to Ubuntu
Mounting a Linux LVM Volume

Then update your grub
 sudo update-grub

Restart your system.

After restart you should Fedora option on the grub menu.


How do I control when dash sends queries out on the internet for search lenses?

One easy way is to hit super F for the (local) Files lens, or  super A for the (local) Apps lens.


You gave the answer yourself,
Use symlinks.
Move your Dropbox folder to your HDD, then create a symlink in your home folder
For example:
          ln -s /media/MyHDD/Dropbox /home/yourname/


Overlay video feature stopped working after upgrade. Probably driver related

Well, basically I found a solution while searching. It seems something was wrong with the latest Intel driver update, so I searched for "How to revert Intel Driver" and I got to this answer: Intel screen tearing - Ubuntu 18.04, of which this command line solved everything:

sudo apt purge xserver-xorg-video-intel

Just needed to reboot after that, and everything is back to normal.

Even the remote control overlay using AnyDesk is solved now.

Somehow, it also affected the way in which xrandr recognizes my monitors, anyway, if it works I don't care how the system calls the monitors.

SMPlayer

VLC

AnyDesk

Good to find a solution, I was already backing up everything in order to reinstall.


How change the phpize to match the php version?

In Ubuntu 16 Vagrant box with multiple versions of PHP installed and having PHP7.1 as default. I ran the following commands:

sudo update-alternatives --set phpize /usr/bin/phpize5.6
sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php5.6
sudo update-alternatives --set php-config /usr/bin/php-config5.6


Looking for manual ways to remove the damaged package

It is not the best solution and will cost me one day, but I removed all files related to the linux-image-extra-4.4.0-36-generic, changed directory to dpkg

cd /var/lib/dpkg

and removed the description related to the package from the status file, searching with Ctrl-W in nano.

sudo nano status

So far it works...


Recover Ubuntu boot loader after Windows 8.1 installation

You can use boot-repair.

Create an Ubuntu LiveCD or LiveUSB
Boot into it.
Install the program boot-repair onto the CD or USB.
Launch Boot Repair and choose the default repair. It should work fine.

(There is also a more complex method available which involves chrooting into your system, but I personally prefer this one.)

This should work. Just ask if you need any more help :)


How can I convert the Nvidia driver installer into a deb?

Unless there are structural differences i the new version it should be possible to re-use the current packaging:

NEWVERSION=302.13
DIR=nvidia-graphics-drivers-"$NEWVERSION".orig/
## Making a new tarball
mkdir $DIR
# Copy in new run files
cp NVIDIA*.run $DIR
tar --owner=root --group=src -caf nvidia-graphics-drivers_"$NEWVERSION".orig.tar.gz $DIR
rm -r $DIR

## Setting up the packaging source
apt-get source nvidia-graphics-drivers
cd nvidia-graphics-drivers*/
# Remove old run files and copy in new
rm NVIDIA*.run
cp ../NVIDIA*.run .
# This version number should ensure it gets replaced by official version...
dch -v $VERSION-1 "my release"; dch -l~mybuild "local build"; dch -r

## Installing build-dependencies
mk-build-deps
sudo dpkg -i nvidia-graphics-drivers-build-deps*.deb; apt-get install -f

## Building
debuild -us -uc

Something like that might work, there's quite a bit of mucking around, which I guess is why PPA packages don't get released instantly ;)


Would security be comprimised if I install a gui (e.g. zPanel) for LAMP?

That is the beauty of open source: as soon as something fishy gets installed someone will notice since it only takes 1 user to find a problem and make it public for all of us to benefit. Unless you are a specific target of course.

Installing software with sudo is not a problem in itself. What you need to make sure is that the permission are set as restrictive as possible. So never use chmod 777 and check the permissions of the files that got installed for zPanel.

Backdoors require the software to go in and out of your system. That will cause log files to be updated so the easiest method of finding them is to check log files for activity.

  Am I just being paranoid or is that theoretically possible?

A little bit of paranoia is not bad and yes it is theoretically possible. But there are more likely scenario's than that.

  If it is possible, what steps are necessary to ensure security?

This will work for any piece of software:

Try to use only software in the repositories and from trusted sources; Try webmin first. It is what we have been using for a long time.
Use google to find problems with software and/or the company/persons behind it;
Keep your software up to date;
Try to break it yourself or ask someone to try and break into your system remotely;
Use a firewall and log activity;
Examine log files periodically;
Change your password on occasion.


Try to generate the nds_DE.UTF-8 locale:

sudo locale-gen nds_DE

Edit:

The problem proved to be that not all files belonging to the locales package were present, and reinstalling solved it:

sudo apt install --reinstall locales


Ubuntu Touch - Unav offline tiles - can Foxtrot GPS tiles be used?

The simple answer is  - you can use the map tiles from FoxtrotGPS - you just need to copy them from your PC to your phone downloads and then move them to navigator.costales using the move command in the phone terminal

  mv ~/Downloads/maps ~/.local/share/navigator.costales


First Solution:

x2go is an Open Source remote desktop application for GNU/Linux that uses NX technology protocol.

Install X2Go Server

On Ubuntu 14.04:

Run the following commands to add X2Go repository and install it in Ubuntu 14.04 or higher versions.

sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:x2go/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install x2goserver x2goserver-xsession

On Ubuntu 12.04:

For Ubuntu 12.04 and previous versions, you can add X2Go repository and install it as shown below.

sudo apt-get install python-software-properties
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:x2go/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install x2goserver x2goserver-xsession

Install X2Go Client

X2Go Client is available for Windows, Mac OS X, and many Linux distributions.

Add X2Go repository as shown above in the X2Go server installation section depending upon the distribution you use.

Then, install X2Go client using command:

On Debian and Ubuntu like systems:

sudo apt-get install x2goclient

X2Go supports multimonitor. Open x2go client in the New Session window go to the Input/output tab.

In the Display section you can choose the radio button of Use Whole Display and choose number of displays you want to use (number range from 1 to the your number of monitors).

Second Solution

FreeRDP will probably do what you want.

It's better to compile FreeRDP from sources because Multi-Monitor support is only available in versions >= 1.1.

Visit this page to learn how to install it from source.

Now you can use xfreerdp command from terminal:

xfreerdp /multimon /u:username /v:server_address:server_port

where username is your username on server, server_address is server location (IP address or hostname) and server_port is port (leave empty without ":" for default port).

If you dont like to build from source you can still install it using:

sudo apt-get install freerdp-x11

But you have to be sure that the version is >1.1


If you care about performance over graphics and you're new to Ubuntu and Linux, go with Lubuntu 12.04 LTS.  It will be more stable for you, and you'll find yourself troubleshooting issues far less.  You can get a little better performance from Lubuntu 13.04 because of the newer kernel and updated packages, but if you're new to Linux it probably isn't worth it.  That's my two cents, although I'm sure if you ask 10 people you'll get 10 different answers.

Definitely don't go with 10.04 for reasons already mentioned (it's EOL).  Also, it's WAY behind in kernel and package updates.


Can I update directly from Ubuntu 9.10 to 10.10?

No, upgrade is only possible to the immediately following release except in the case of a LTS release, when direct upgrade from one LTS to the following is allowed. You have to first upgrade to 10.04 and then to 10.10.

The command update-manager -d is used for upgrading to a development version. Since both 10.04 and 10.10 have been released to public, you cannot upgrade to either of them using that command.

Your update-manager must be showing the button for upgrading to 10.04 when you start it normally(ie without the "-d" option). If you don't want to reinstall then use that button to upgrade to 10.04 version first and then upgrade to maverick in the same way.


gcc not found while executing shell script

Instead of running the script as ./run.sh,  be sure that the first line of the script is #!/bin/bash and run it with bash run.sh.


How to reset display settings in XFCE \ Ubuntu 12.04 and also flgrx drivers

Try following my answer on this question. After uninstalling ati fglrx drivers ubuntu 11.10 wont boot
This will set all the display drivers back to their out-of-the-box state.
After you're done with all the steps try reinstalling the amd drivers.


Ubuntu 14.04 Doesn't Detect Internet on Dual Boot

I suggest that you try instead these packages which are more suitable for your 4.2.0-xx kernel.

http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/restricted/b/bcmwl/bcmwl-kernel-source_6.30.223.248+bdcom-0ubuntu8_amd64.deb

http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/d/dkms/dkms_2.2.0.3-2ubuntu11_all.deb

Install them as before:

sudo dpkg -i bcmwl*.deb
sudo dpkg -i dkms*.deb

Post any errors or warnings.


Problems getting my GTX 1050ti to work on Ubuntu 16.04

You can install nvidia drivers via apt.

Fist remove all not working drivers

sudo apt-get purge nvidia-*

Then add the repository for the drivers

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa

Then update

sudo apt-get update

Then install the actual drivers

sudo apt-get install nvidia-384

After that reboot.

I had problem with gdm3 so if the drivers still do not work and you are getting a black screen try installing lightdm.


Chinese letters are not correct in JFreeChart (Ubuntu 11.04)

The font is not supporting the full range of Unicode characters that you want to display, so use a different font.

http://www.jfree.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=116561


Compiz (?) crash when trying to see multiple windows of the same app

Solved by CantankRus in Ubuntu forums after me saying it just happened in my profile:

"...Suggests it's a user config error.
The unity window manager (compiz) handles the window spread function.

Log into your regular account and reset compiz to defaults with this terminal command...

dconf reset -f /org/compiz/

Log out and back in and test."


How can I check my RAM and hard drive for errors?

Boot with Ubuntu Live CD/USB stick (or press & hold Shift before the splash screen, to enter GRUB menu), and select TEST MEMORY with memtest86+! See this illustration, don't wait for graphical UI!

Illustration:

To test HDD, you can use S.M.A.R.T. data reader, palimpsest disk utility, press Super/Dash button, start typing Disk Utility (for Gnome: System > Administration > Disk utility), and check your S.M.A.R.T. data (YOU MUST UNMOUNT THAT DISK FIRST, YOU WANT TO CHECK ITS FILESYSTEM - that's why, use a Live CD/USB stick - for S.M.A.R.T. reading, the disk could be mounted/used)!

Illustration:


Use `ffplay` to play images in a folder by file orders

Use mpv to play, find to list the images, and sort to provide version/natural order.
mpv --mf-fps=25 mf://@<(find . -name '*.jpg' -print | sort -V)

This method has the added advantage of allowing seeking unlike ffplay.


Backspace in insert mode in vi doesn't erase the character

Here is the simplest solution.
Open a terminal, go to home directory and type

vi .vimrc

a new file open now add these lines to the file and exit by saving

$ set nocompatible
$ set backspace=2


"Caps Lock on" message is shown for too long. How can I make it disappear sooner?

You probably use Pinguy OS, right? Pinguy OS comes with some Compiz settings which display NotifyOSD notifications for caps lock, num lock, etc.

Anyway, even if that's not the case, you can get NotifyOSD to be displayed for a shorter period of time by installing the patched NotifyOSD by Leolik (by default, NotifyOSD doesn't support setting the amount of time the notification is displayed) using the commands below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:leolik/leolik
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
pkill notify-osd

As far as I know, the script to display NotifyOSD notifications for caps lock has a NotifyOSD timeout value set so there shouldn't be anything else to do. However, if you use some other way to display NotifyOSD notifications for caps lock, make sure the script uses "--expire-time=VALUE" so the time they are displayed is less then 10 seconds (that's default).

For more info about the patched NotifyOSD, see: Configurable NotifyOSD Bubbles For Ubuntu 11.04: Move, Close On Click, Change Colors And More


How can systemctl display username and log file path in systemctl status?

How to find the UID, PID and Log Target of an service (unit)
You can print the UID (user identity), ExecPID and StandardOutput (log-target) by running this command
systemctl show -p ExecMainPID,UID,StandardOutput <Name-of-your-Service>

In this example these parameters are printed for the NetworkManager service:
$ systemctl show -p ExecMainPID,UID,StandardOutput NetworkManager
UID=[not set]
ExecMainPID=1122
StandardOutput=journal

UID=[not set] is equivalent to root.
The journal path by default is found for

persistent storage: /var/log/journal/<machine-id>/system.journal

volatile storage: /run/systemd/journal/<machine-id>.


I am not a gamer, but I would check out the games in the software center or 'steam' to play on linux first. They are made to play on linux.  Some Windows games can be played, but you do need more work to use them.


The change the sensitivity (and speed, etc.) permanently, you can create an udev rule.

E.g. create a file 10-trackpoint.rules in /etc/udev/rules.d/ with the following contents:

SUBSYSTEM=="serio", DRIVERS=="psmouse", WAIT_FOR="/sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio1/serio2/sensitivity", ATTR{sensitivity}="220",  ATTR{speed}="190", ATTR{inertia}="6", ATTR{press_to_select}="0"

This method was tested on Ubuntu 14.04 up to 15.04.

For further explanations check on the Archwiki and Thinkwiki and look for "sensitivity".

Update for Ubuntu 15.10

The above rule does not trigger properly on Ubuntu 15.10. Instead use:

ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="input", ATTR{name}=="TPPS/2 IBM TrackPoint", ATTR{device/sensitivity}="220", ATTR{device/speed}="190", ATTR{device/inertia}="6", ATTR{device/press_to_select}="0"


Is there an Ubuntu alternative for Windows' Battery Report?

There is already an app that can show you graphical report of battery status. It is called Gnome Power Statistics and can be started via terminal as gnome-power-statistics or via searching Unity Dash. Here's how it looks like:

In case you insist on using HTML report and viewing it in your browser, here is a script that I made within 20 minutes or so, that displays battery info in your default browser.

import subprocess
import os

devs = [ line for line in subprocess.check_output(['upower','--enumerate']).decode().split('\n') ]
battery = [ item.strip() for item in devs if 'BAT' in item ]
report = subprocess.check_output(['upower','-i',battery[0]])
top = """

<title>This is title</title>

"""
bottom = """

"""

with open('report.html','w') as f:
    f.write(top)
    for line in report.decode().split('\n'):
        f.write('
' + line + '
\n' )
    f.write(bottom)

pid = subprocess.Popen(['xdg-open','report.html']).pid

Save this as simple_battery_report.py and run as

LC_ALL=C python  simple_battery_report.py`

And here's how it looks:

Note, this is not the most efficient solution, it doesn't refresh its information. I would strongly recommend using that other GUI app.

For command line enthusiasts here's this:

$ LC_ALL=C upower --enumerate |  awk '/BAT/'| xargs upower -i
  native-path:          BAT1
  vendor:               TOSHIBA
  model:                PABAS0241231
  serial:               0000000000000E6A
  power supply:         yes
  updated:              2016年08月26日 星期五 21时58分27秒 (117 seconds ago)
  has history:          yes
  has statistics:       yes
  battery
    present:             yes
    rechargeable:        yes
    state:               fully-charged
    warning-level:       none
    energy:              35.2388 Wh
    energy-empty:        0 Wh
    energy-full:         35.2536 Wh
    energy-full-design:  44.104 Wh
    energy-rate:         0.0148 W
    voltage:             16.887 V
    percentage:          100%
    capacity:            79.9329%
    technology:          lithium-ion
    icon-name:          'battery-full-charged-symbolic'


You need to install the gwibber-service-twitter package:

sudo apt-get install gwibber-service-twitter


If you are redirecting the output in order not to see it at all, then you can ignore the warning. It's intended to tell you that if you want to read the output later as a log, you can expect clearer information if you use apt-get, since some of the dynamic output from apt is not captured accurately.

Apparently APT is smart enough to realise you are redirecting its output but not to understand where you are sending it.

If you need to you can always read the logged output, by the way; it's automatically saved in /var/log/apt/term.log (and compressed and rotated when it gets old).


Creating a video from an audio file in Ubuntu?

You can use the Open Shot Video Editor. First install it:

sudo apt-get install openshot

Since you only have music you will need a picture to use as the "video" part of the video. Once you have decided on a photo, open Open Shot and import your files.

Now drag your files into the timeline below, picture on top and music below.

You'll notice that the music is much longer than the picture, so we'll need to lengthen the time the picture is on the screen. Zoom out so you can see the entire length of the music.

Now select the resize tool and increase the length of the picture so that it matches the length of the music.

When you're done you will need to export the video. Click the "Export" button, fill out the dialog the way you want and click "Export".

You can now upload your video to Youtube.


can not write to hard drive permitions set to root, EMERGENCY!

Okay do this now

cd /
mkdir mnt

Mount you drive fast
then open ternimal and run this

sudo chmod -R a+w /mnt/shared
sudo chown -R username /mnt/shared

replace the username with your username.


Disk has free space, but none available?

It's possible that you've used up all available inodes, meaning that whilst you do have space on the disk, you can't actually write to it. Try running this:

df -i

Where 'df' is 'disk filesystem', -i is 'inodes'. The output will look something like this:

chris@loki:~$ df -i
Filesystem      Inodes  IUsed   IFree IUse% Mounted on
udev            500788    487  500301    1% /dev
tmpfs           505825    638  505187    1% /run
/dev/sda1      1835008 374975 1460033   21% /
tmpfs           505825     27  505798    1% /dev/shm
tmpfs           505825      5  505820    1% /run/lock
tmpfs           505825     16  505809    1% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           505825     24  505801    1% /run/user/1000

However, if 'IUse%' is 99-100% on your drive, the then that'd be the issue.

There's a bunch of reasons that all the inodes would be accounted for; in my experience as a server manager, for example, this would typically be caused by log files not being cleared out regularly enough (we're talking years) or verbose error logs being generated in to new text files over and over again. Could be anything in your case though, but more than likely caused by thousands of files being stored in certain directories for bad reasons.

The best way I found to find the source of such a problem is to run this from the root directory of the machine:

find / -xdev -printf '%h\n' | sort | uniq -c | sort -k 1 -rn | head

I'm sure there are better and more efficient ways though! The above isn't quite perfect.


I was able to install it on 15.10 using the webupd8 vivid packages.

If you go here http://www.ubuntuupdates.org/ppa/webupd8?dist=vivid you can grab the libemeraldengine0 and emerald deb packages and sudo dpkg -i them.

Works well so far!


16.04 stick edges on multiple monitors won't disable

I'm having the same issue. It's probably coincidence, but it's also on 2x Dell monitors, mine are 24" though ;-)

I was able to fix it by changing my display driver from the "X.Org X server" to the "NVIDIA binary driver".


Dual boot after ubuntu install not working - NO EFI and different hard drive

BIOS boots from the first HDD it finds with a bootloader in the MBR or flagged boot partition.
Since you have windows installed on sda, BIOS will boot from sda.
Thus, grub needs to be installed on sda.
I does not matter where ubuntu is installed. Grub will find it and make the appropriate entry.
Another option is to swap the drive cables, so ubuntu is sda and windows is sdb.


Ubuntu 16.10 internal error - Compiz crash

I had multiple crash events too.

I run this:

gconftool-2 --recursive-unset /apps/compiz-1

I got this idea from this URL:
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1939312

Hope it helps you too!


Not able to login to newly created account

Thank you for your help, Robby1212.  I got this to work.  I think the issue was the graphics driver and the NVidia card.  By installing the NVidia graphics driver, I was able to login with the other user account.  Below is the output of nvidia-smi.  I think some of this was not working with the preinstalled Ubuntu graphics drivers, and hence the login problem into Gnome. To install, I followed this:
https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/ubuntu-linux-install-nvidia-driver-latest-proprietary-driver/.
antona@antona-MS-7A20:~$ nvidia-smi

Wed Mar 25 10:54:41 2020


How to upgrade Ubuntu 11.10 to Ubuntu 12.04 using Wubi ISO

we can use Zsync.
The above link provides an opportunity to zsync the existing iso with the required ISOProvides the working images

This provides the details of Zsync


How to remove drag tab in corner of firefox window

Okay, solved this one. Firefox seems to have updated class names for the tab space draggable area things.

Here's the updated css:

@namespace url("http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul");

.titlebar-placeholder[type="pre-tabs"],
.titlebar-placeholder[type="post-tabs"] {
  display: none !important;
  width: 0px !important;
  max-width: 0px !important;
}

.titlebar-spacer[type="pre-tabs"],
.titlebar-spacer[type="post-tabs"] {
  display: none !important;
  width: 0px !important;
  max-width: 0px !important;
}

Old naming convention above, and new one below. My display none and width 0 are probably a bit redundant.

Also, for those who don't know, this file should be named userChrome.css and should go in a folder called chrome that you create inside of ~.mozzilla/firefox/random-lettersi432789fd.default

There are better instructions than mine for how to edit the userChrome.css file out there.


Lost my user directory, all files still there when viewing unmounted partition from rescue disk, how to restore?

We do not know why or how you lost your $HOME but from what you said it still seems there.

You can easily switch to a shell from your Guest Session by pressing Alt+Ctrl+F1. From there login with your myuserid. You may experience an error saying No directory: logging in with HOME=/. After being logged in run

cd /home/myuserid
ls

If all files are in place and only then you may be able to restore your HOME with the following command

sudo usermod -d /home/myuserid myuserid

Log out from the guest session and login to your account as usual.

If your files are not visible from the guest session then do as comments already suggested. Backup your data or try to mount the partition where /home resides.


They both are the "real" /home. If you create a file in your home directory on one it should appear in the other. The reason you see both is because the /home folder on the 80GB HDD is mounted on the root partition as /home


Try opening a terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T and then enter the following:

gconftool-2 --type bool --set /apps/gnome-screensaver/idle_activation_enabled "false"


where is the 32 bit ubuntu snappy core image

Found it here:- http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-core/daily-preinstalled/current/ after following this discussion:-http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.linux.ubuntu.devel.snappy/117 "I want to port Ubuntu core to the x86 based hardware that I am working with. Currently I am running Ubuntu Trusty based image on it and would want to run Ubuntu snappy core on the same."


If you already checked the boot device in bios and is your ssd then:

Verify if you have any usb device attached to the computer(camera,usb stick, etc)

If you do the computer might try to boot from them and they might no be bootable so remove them.

Also if you have card reader with a card inside your computer may try to boot form it, remove that also.

The last scenario will be that you ssd might be broken or have hardware issues, you can try to test this by using a new hdd and install ubuntu again if it boots then you ssd is broken.

If you still have warranty for it, you should ask them for a new one.

Hope that my answer is helpful to you


Basic Support
The remote itself is recognized out of the box with no set up, however if you are running 10.10 the X server needs to be patched or it crashes (see below for instructions). Unfortunately there is no support at all for versions earlier than 10.10, which includes older versions of XBMC Live.
If you use 11.04 and later all you need to do is remap the keys:
Remapping the keys
This post on the XBMC forum has information on how to remap the buttons to be more effective.

I set the menu key to ParentDir. I also frequently use the context menu, so I remapped it to the A key on the back.

Create a $home/.xbmc/userdata/keymaps/keyboard.xml with the following:
<keymap>
  <global>
    <keyboard>
      <key id="61467">ParentDir</key>
      <key id="61505">ContextMenu</key>
    </keyboard>
  </global>
</keymap>

Then restart XBMC. I also found it useful to turn off mouse support in XBMC's settings.
Support for 10.10:
There are 10.10 packages for this in this PPA. Instructions on how to use PPAs are here.
Here's the short version:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ken-vandine/boxee
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Then either restart X or reboot.


I would not use the xorg.conf directly in Ubuntu.

Just go to System Settings...->Displays and remove the Mirror displays Checkbox. My screenshot is from 12.10 but as I remember the dialog basically looks the same in 12.04.


How do you organize your files in Ubuntu 20.04

There is an application that I use to help me organize my files called Organize My Files. You can install the application from the snap store https://snapcraft.io/organize-my-files. This is how you install it. First check if you have snap installed on your system. Just go in your terminal and type snap and if something comes up you have snap installed. Type sudo snap install organize-my-files then you should be good to go.  If you do not have snap installed you can install it at this link.


I cannot download software or use `sudo`

sudo is unuseable, but you still have pkexec.

So:

pkexec chmod 440 /etc/sudoers


Cannot install Octave (Dependency problem)

libosmesa6 : Depends: libglapi-mesa (= 11.2.0-1ubuntu2)

It wants an older version of libglapi-mesa. Since you installed the ppa I assume you are getting the newest version of Octave. Thus to install it you will need to downgrade libglapi-mesa.

Note: This may cause issues with other programs that depend on libglapi-mesa.


19.10: After apt upgrade and restart, sound fails

It was the kernel's fault.

just booted using 5.3.0-41-generic.
Sound now works again. The moral of this story, I guess, is that: when you do an update, and something seems wrong, it could be the fault of the kernel!


Nautilus doesn't allow adding/removing bookmarks

Custom bookmarks

To add and remove custom bookmarks, refer to the documentation in Files ▸ Help ▸ Edit folder bookmarks:

  Add a bookmark:

  Open the folder (or location) that you want to bookmark.
  Click the gear button in the toolbar and pick Bookmark this Location.

  Delete a bookmark:

  Click on Files in the top bar and pick Bookmarks from the app menu.
  In the Bookmarks window, select the bookmark you wish to delete and click the - button.

The "gear button" is on the right side of Nautilus:

It will be grayed out if the location you've opened is already bookmarked.

Places

The bookmarks seen under the "Places" heading are an exception:

They're not just bookmarks, but XDG user directories with a separate configuration backend, so the Nautilus developers deliberately chose to disable removing them.

The issue of working around this limitation is being discussed in this question.


missing firmware navi10_mes.bin for module amdg

You can get most firmware files from the upstream linux-firmware repository:
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/
This person also maintains a GitHub repository of firmware which AMD have made available via ROCm and the proprietary driver, but not uploaded to linux-firmware yet:
https://github.com/Umio-Yasuno/unofficial-amdgpu-firmware-repo
However, the file navi_10.mes does not exist in either of these.
We can see this is a genuinely used firmware file with Linux Kernel commit:

drm/amdgpu/mes10.1: load mes firmware file to CPU buffer

I checked driver amdgpu-pro-20.50-1234664-ubuntu-20.04 which contains amdgpu-dkms-firmware_5.9.10.69-1234664_all which doesn't have the file either.
It seems this file is not publicly available at this time?
Leaving this answer as a Community Wiki so someone can update it when the file appears.


Why does the WiFi password dialogue not open up?

This answer is a bit of overkill, but the easiest way of circumventing the problem you have: Install another network Manager.

Steps to take:

Take a full system backup (You've just been promoted to user type 4!)
sudo apt-get install -d --reinstall network-manager network-manager-gnome

Now is the time to stop and reflect and already test whether this already solved your problem.

No?  OK, lets get on to the next step:
sudo apt-get install wicd-gtk
sudo apt-get remove --purge network-manager-gnome network-manager

OK, so now you've got rid of the old network manager and have a new one.  Now you need to open it and configure your network:

Go to the dash and type wicd and click the sole icon there.
Voilà: now you just have to add the config for your network


Installation problems after broken installation of desktop4shared

open your terminal and paste this

wget http://dc153.4shared.com/download/x3JqSRo1/desktop4shared-11_1-all.deb

after downloading that you can install it from terminal with

sudo dpkg -i desktop4shared-11_1-all.deb

it will install . hope that helps.


Unable to get flash player debugger to work in Ubuntu 12.10

Mr.Ramesh,have you consulted any website before?Follow the instructions of the following link.I hope it'll work.
click here


Keyboard misbehaviour with Firefox / Javascript after upgrade to 16.04

Alt-Gr key not working properly on Firefox

The solution is, to activate the checkbox Prevent accessibility services from accessing your browser in Firefox settings under Privacy & Security -> Permissions


How to install a program with a graphical installer in Ubuntu 12.04?

My suggestion would be to:

switch to a terminal by CTRL+ALT+F1
type 'sudo ldm stop'.
cd to the directory where the script is located and
run it with sudo.


Unable to boot Ubuntu 10.04 LTS after hibernation

If the keyboard isn't working in the BIOS stage then it's unlikely that the issue is being caused by the operating system.

Here are some things you might try: unplugging the computer/plugging it back in, different USB port, different keyboard.  If all else fails you can pull your CMOS battery to reset your BIOS settings (hence disabling the BIOS password).


NVIDIA card for CUDA and AMD card for display on Ubuntu 16.04

Before starting I recommend to install ssh in order to be able to shutdown the system remotely if something goes wrong. To do so use this command:

sudo apt-get install ssh

and to shutdown your system you have to ssh with another computer or mobile device and use this command:

sudo shutdown -r now

Step 1

First of all you have to remove the AMD card physically, keep your NVIDIA card and install CUDA and the NVIDIA driver. You can download cuda from here: https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads

Make sure that all is working using this command:

nvidia-smi

Step 2

At this point we have to modify grub in order to start in console mode since we are messing with graphic cards.

Using your favorite editor (in my case joe) edit the default grub configuration file:

sudo joe /etc/default/grub

And change these lines:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console

to these ones:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="text"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="text"
GRUB_TERMINAL=console

Finally update grub using this command:

sudo update-grub

Step 3

Shutdown your system and remove the NVIDIA card and plugin the AMD card. Turn on your computer and install the latest AMD graphic drivers. In my case I installed the drivers using these commands:

wget https://www2.ati.com/drivers/linux/ubuntu/amdgpu-pro-16.40-348864.tar.xz
tar -Jxvf amdgpu-pro-16.40-348864.tar.xz
cd amdgpu-pro-16.40-348864/
./amdgpu-pro-install
sudo usermod -a -G video $USER

Restart your computer. Now you can start lightdm (the user interface) using this command:

sudo service lightdm start

All should work as expected and now you can setup your displays using the system settings.

Step 4

Shutdown your system and now add your NVIDIA card and do not remove the AMD (at this points you will have two graphic cards in your system). Turn on you computer and log in using your user name but DO NOT START LIGHTDM!!

At this point the gpu-manager has automatically setup both graphic cards for the console mode and only AMD for lightdm (since we started lightdm in the previous step). If we run lightdm at this point gpu-manager will make a mess. So now we have to completely disable the gpu-manager. To this end we have to modify grub again:

sudo joe /etc/default/grub

and replace these lines:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="text"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="text"
GRUB_TERMINAL=console

by these ones:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nogpumanager"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console

Finally update grub using this command:

sudo update-grub

Step 5

Restart your system and if the lightdm do not start correctly (it appears a black screen) then you have to press Ctrl+F1, login in console mode and add this command to the rc.local file:

sudo joe /etc/rc.local

add this line before "exit 0":

service lightdm start

restart your system and all should work fine now ...

In a console you can check that both graphics cads are in use using this command:

lspci -nnk | grep -i vga -A3 | grep 'in use'

Kernel driver in use: amdgpu
Kernel driver in use: nvidia

and nvidia-smi should work fine. showing that you are using 0 megabytes of memory:

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 375.26                 Driver Version: 375.26                    |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  GeForce GTX 970     Off  | 0000:02:00.0     Off |                  N/A |
| 30%   42C    P0    36W / 163W |      0MiB /  4036MiB |      0%      Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                       GPU Memory |
|  GPU       PID  Type  Process name                               Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
|  No running processes found                                                 |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+


Firstly check your mongo service is running or not. Try to enable the the mongo by using the command sudo systemctl enable mongod .

After that restart the mongo service by using the command.

sudo service mongod restart


How do I connect a MythTV frontend to a MythTV backend on Mythbuntu 11.10?

You should only be using 127.0.0.1 if the frontend and backend are on the same machine. If they are on the same machine, then it should already know where the backend is. If that is failing it means the backend probably isn't running, which is most often caused by not having run mythtv-setup yet.

If they are on different machines, then you need to go to the backend and find the username/password combination. This will be located in the /etc/mythtv/mysql.txt file. (username should be mythtv, password will be something that was generated). On the backend, you will also need to run the Mythbuntu Control Centre and activate the mythtv service (allowing remote machines to connect to this backend). Again you will need to run mythtv-setup and go though the steps, make sure you use the actual machine IP though and not the loopback address.

You can verify if the backend is running or not with 'sudo service mythtv-backend status'


Where to find the images for old Ubuntu Beta Releases?

Not all Beta releases are available, I've found this one though:

http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/releases/10.10/

11.10 beta2 iso can be found here:

http://kambing.ui.ac.id/iso/ubuntu/cdimage/releases/11.10/beta-2/


Rhythmbox starts muted at launch. Changing volume has no effect on playback

This answer helps ONLY IF YOU HAVE CINNAMON INSTALLED!
Login to your Cinnamon DE and do the following

Right click on the panel and select "Add applets to the panel".

In the window that opens click on the "Available applets(Online)" tab.

From the listed applets install "Sound-with-apps-volume" applet.

Start Rhythmbox and play any track. Open the sound-with-apps-volume menu and unmute Rhythmbox.


How are partitons handled in Ubuntu, compared to Windows?

First off, let's correct a little misconception:

  Let's say I have a HDD formatted as ext4, if I create 2 partitions...

You don't format a hard disk to a file system like ext4 or NTFS or FAT32, you format partitions to those file systems. When people say they've formatted a hard disk to ext4, they generally mean they've created a single partition covering the entire disk, and created an ext4 file system for that partition.

In Windows, partitions are each assigned a different drive letter (C:, D:, etc). This makes it easier to discover which files are placed in which partitions. A hard disk can have several partitions, and a computer can have several hard disks and other storage devices. The downside is that you can't easily put different directories in different partitions, you can't put C:\Windows in one partition and C:\Users in other for example, they both must be in the C: partition.

In Linux, everything is a file, and it is all found under the root directory, /. A partition can be mounted to any directory under /. For example, you could mount one partition to /home, another to /var, and another to /, which would contain all the other files, but not ones in home or var.

In Linux, even devices and running processes are files. For example, under /proc, you will find all the running processes, and under /dev/, all the connected devices. Hard disks are typically named /dev/sda, /dev/sdb, /dev/sbc, etc. Partitions with hard disks are typically named /dev/sda1: sda represents the hard drive, and 1 represents the number of the partition within that hard drive. Every partition is then mounted to a directory in your file system. For example, your CD-ROM drive /dev/cdrom0 could be mounted to /media/cdrom0. In your file explorer, you would navigate to /media/cdrom0 to see the CD's files.

While this makes conceptually more difficult than Windows' system, it is much more flexible, as you can assign any directory to a new partition.


Does Ubuntu install drivers for Intel graphics and Nvidia cards?

Intel drivers come by default, if I remember correctly.

Nvidia drivers, you will have to install the via the "additional drivers program". It should prompt you at some point after the install though. Once you install them, you just restart.


You just need to add the following line to your ~/.bashrc file:

LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/home/lclab/installed/boost/boost_1_65_0:/home/lclab/installed/rdkit/rdkit-Release_2016_03_1/lib:/home/lclab/installed/lp/lp_solve_5.5.2.5_dev_ux64"

The file is loaded every time you open a terminal. If you want to set the variable once when you login, add the line to ~/.profile instead.

Due to a bug in the openssh and/or xorg package the variable may be unset again on your system so that using the dotfiles as recommended above doesn’t work. There are several possible solutions:

disable the initialisation of ssh-agent in /etc/X11/Xsession.options:

sudo sed -i 's/use-ssh-agent/no-use-ssh-agent/' /etc/X11/Xsession.options

This won’t do any harm, see the explanation in this bug report comment.
the workaround from a duplicate bug report:

echo STARTUP=\"/usr/bin/env LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\${LD_LIBRARY_PATH} \${STARTUP}\" | sudo tee /etc/X11/Xsession.d/90preserve_ld_library_path

use a /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf file as explained in this bug report comment (see also How to set the environmental variable LD_LIBRARY_PATH in linux):

echo "/opt/qt-mobility-src-1.0.0-tp2/install/lib" | sudo tee /etc/ld.so.conf.d/qt-mobility.conf && sudo ldconfig -v


use purge

sudo apt-get purge <application name>

purge program to remove.


Unable to login to my remote server using ssh even after providing correct public and private keys

The permissions on the key files are too open.  They need to be set to owner only.  ssh requires that the permissions be set to the owner only for security reasons.  Too open of permissions like 664, 644, etc can cause ssh to fail with the error of permissions.

The following will set the permissions to Read / Write or rw------- for the owner only:

chmod 600 id_rsa
chmod 600 id_rsa.pub
chmod 600 authorized_keys

You can even set the id_rsa and the id_rsa.pub to Read Only with a permission of 400 or r--------.  I recommend leaving the authorized_keys and known_hosts at 600 just in case you need to add another key to it from another computer.


I discovered my issue. I needed to add my local repository to the /etc/apt/sources.list file like this:

deb [trusted=yes] file:<path/to/local/repo> ./

The way to do this with preseeding was to add this to the preseed file:

d-i apt-setup/local0/repository string deb [trusted=yes] file:/opt/extras ./


Moving application windows from one workspace to another by dragging in the workspace chooser?

Turn off desktop effects.  This works fine with Metacity in 10.10, and I'd be really surprised if it was removed for one release.


Ubuntu dual boot installation does not have install alongside and says unusable (cannot access windows 10 now)

Try to rebuild the BCD or scan the system.

Put the installation media in.
Open "Advanced Options" and then "Command Prompt".
Then, type in sfc /scannow or bootrec /rebuildbcd.

If something's gone wrong, feel free to comment under this post!

EDIT: Didn't see your question. I don't think if this will help you, but you can try.


How do I remaster a Ubuntu cd into a Ubuntu cd with only Gnome Shell?

do what ever you want to do then after doing all the desired changes.Install remastersys
and view this tutorial


I can not connect to kernel after ı have update my spyder3

Here, the issue was about permissions.

So, to solve it I changed the ownership of that directory using sudo chown systemname /path.

Note , here instead of systemname , it will be kaan and path will be
 /home/kaan/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/.


Ubuntu 18.04 SERVER VPS on failover IP OVH

OK, Everything is finished!

OVH just posted a tutorial how to do this, literally posted 9 hours ago, so it was not available when I created this post, you can find the official tutorial including configuration here.

  Configuring Network Settings in an Ubuntu 18.04 VM

  As of Ubuntu 17.x, Canonical has implemented the use of Netplan for
  easy-to-use network configuration.

  To configure the network interface, open the 01-netcfg.yaml file using
  the following command:

sudo vim /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

  Edit the file to make it appear as follows:

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system

# For more information, see netplan(5).

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
          ens160:
                  dhcp4: no
                  dhcp6: no
                  addresses: [x.x.x.x/32]
                  gateway4: y.y.y.254
                  nameservers:
                          addresses: [208.67.222.222,208.67.220.220]
                  routes:
                  - to: y.y.y.254/32
                    via: 0.0.0.0
                    scope: link

  In this file, replace the following pieces of information as
  instructed:

  If you replace the VMXNET3 NIC with another one, your NIC may use a different naming convention. If it does, replace "ens160" in the file
  with the name of your interface. If you don't know the name of your
  interface, you can find it using the following command:

ip addr list

  Next to "addresses", replace "x.x.x.x/32" with the Failover IP to which you have added the vMAC in the OVH US Manager plus the subnet
  you wish to use in CIDR notation.
  Next to "gateway4", replace the "y.y.y." with the first three octets of your Dedicated Server's IP address with a final octet of
  "254". For instance, if your Dedicated Server IP was 1.2.3.4, you
  would use 1.2.3.254 as your gateway.
  The DNS name server addresses listed are from OpenDNS. Feel free to use other name servers here, if you choose.
  In the "routes" section, the y's correspond with your gateway IP address. Fill in these octets accordingly.

  Now apply the Netplan settings with the following command:

sudo netplan apply

  To test that the VM is fully connected to the Internet, ping
  example.com. If you get a response, you are good to go. If you do not,
  restart your VM and attempt the ping again.

Thanks for all the help anyway!


How do I create a Debian package with disjoint/alternate dependencies?

OR relationships can be expressed like xsltproc | 4suit | xalan in the Depends: field for the binary package in debian/control. The first package on the list will be preferred when none of them are currently on the system.

For further details, see http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-relationships.html


Lenovo USB 3.0 to DVI/VGA monitor adapter ubuntu 14.04

It is not supported by Linux yet.

But Lenovo promised to make a driver soon.

The only way to use this device is to install Windows as a virtual machine.
Then you will be able to pass through the USB device and install a Windows driver.

Update July 17': Now this device is supported. You can download a driver for Ubuntu from
http://www.displaylink.com/downloads/ubuntu


Cannot install ubuntu or Xubuntu. Screen hangs on splash screen. MSI Ghost Pro

Instead of YUMI, use Rufus. It's a lot faster and you'll be able to use UEFI.

When you get to the installer GRUB menu, highlight the "Try Ubuntu" option and press E. Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the line beginning with linux. Also set the nomodeset flag. Press F10 to boot.

Install Ubuntu and reboot. When presented with GRUB, follow the above procedure to boot into Ubuntu. Once booted, install the proprietary NVIDIA drivers by searching for the Additional Drivers app. Use that to select a proprietary driver, then hit Apply and reboot. You shouldn't need the flags again.


Ubuntu server installation on Ubuntu deskop

It depends how you do it.
If you hold your data on a separate partition (and dont format /erase this partition) then your data will survive.
If you have a single partition with Ubuntu desktop and your data on it, you could create a new partition for Ubuntu server.

There are lots of different ways of installing Ubuntu (and a lot depends on what you are trying to do), personally create partitions as follows:

BIOS / GRUB
First operating system (say Ubuntu desktop)
Second operating system (Say Ubuntu server)
swap


grade can be either stable or devel and it essential tags the resulting snap for life with the grade it should have.

How is this useful? Imagine you are developing a snap and have CI setup to always push to the edge channel; in this case one would set grade: devel and what this does is ensure that this snap is not accidentally published to the stable channels.

A snap with grade: devel cannot be released to the stable or candidate channels.

For full documentation on the topic check publish your snap


Try these

I am not sure that it would work for you, since the steps are very long and I would not be able to suggest you as comments for very long step, so I'm writing it as an answer.

Open Terminal(CTRL+ALT+T) and execute this command:

$ sudo pkill -u vevmesteren

if vevmesteren is your Ubuntu user name.
Then in the login screen chose different shell like Gnome Classic(No effects), you may get Ubuntu, Ubuntu 2D, Gnome Classic, Gnome Classic(No effects)
Then login again using (be sure that Gnome Classic(No effects) has been selected).
Try to shutdown your system. If fails then execute following command to restart:

$ sudo reboot now

Try it once. It will not Change harm anything, or change something in your system. Reply what happens.


Is there a way to specify a global look and feel for swing apps?

The menus are dark and gray because of a Java bug. You can find it on Ubuntu's bug tracker. In the meantime, if you want to integrate Netbeans in the global menu, there's a way to do that. Here's how it looks like: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E8d9szgPhs8

The steps, obtained from this blog post are as follows.

First install openjdk-7-jdk. It's required, so if you use 6, be careful.
To make Netbeans use openjdk-7-jdk, launch Netbeans with

  /opt/netbeans-7.1.2/bin/netbeans --jdkhome
  /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386

You can make a .desktop file in ~/.local/share/applications with that as the exec command, for conveience. Copy the default one and edit it.
Install and use the Java Swing Ayatana plugin from this googlecode page.
Restart Netbeans.


Since your routes are IPv6 you should use ip -6 route show the ip route list is showing the IPV4 route only which you do not have in your netplan.

ip -6 route add ipv6network/prefixlength via ipv6address


What is vnc4server configuration file for Ubuntu 13.04?

gnome and unity don't work well with vnc server on Ubuntu. you can still load gnome via vnc but it does not work right. I highly recommend you to install xfce4 and use xfce4 session:

sudo apt-get install xfce4

and use this xstatup file

#!/bin/sh
unset SESSION_MANAGER
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
startxfce4 &

[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup
[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
vncconfig -iconic &


Share wireless Internet connection through ethernet

On the server computer:

On the computer, which is connected to the Internet, click the network icon in the panel and go to "Edit Connections..." at the bottom of the menu.

Double click your Wired Connection (Leave your wireless connection untouched, the one connected to Internet and the one you want to share, as I understand).

On the "IPv4 Settings tab", select Method: "Shared to other computers"

Reconnect by clicking on the Wired Network, so it gets a new IP address. (The two computers must be connected by an ethernet cable for this step, so connect them now if you haven't already.)
Click on "Connection Information" in the network menu and write down the IP address and network mask (in my case it was assigned 10.42.0.1/255.255.255.0 but I do not know if that will always be the case).

On the client computer:

Go to "Edit Connections..." and assign a "Manual" Method. Assign an IP address on the same subnetwork (10.42.0.69 for example) and put the IP and network mask you wrote down in "Netmask" "Gateway" and "DNS servers"

Reconnect to the network to let the new settings be assigned.
Pat yourself on your back and surf away!!!


Just to rank your options:

You'd be best off just installing it from the Software Center.
Second best would be from downloading one of the four "installer packages" they provide. These are .deb files and they would be a double-click-to-install process.
Lastly your choice is downloading, extracting, compiling and installing manually. The following covers your starting point: How do I install a .tar.gz (or .tar.bz2) file?

Unless you've got a really good reason to need the hardest install path, I'd just pick one of the others.


You must install guest additons as Arronical says in his comment. If you don't know how to do that, simply do the following:

Lauch the virtual machine
Put your mouse cursor over the menu bar of the virtual machine viewer. It is a little menu bar in the bottom of the scrren if you are running in full screen mode. Otherwise, look the Devices menu in the top menu bar.
Search for the "Devices" menu, click it and select "Install Guest Additions"

If you have gvfs or some volume management package installed, you should see a CD icon in your desktop. Browse it.

Open a terminal, in the mount point of the Guest Additions CD and run:

sudo sh ./VBoxLinuxAddtions.run

Here is a image for reference:

If you have installed gcc, make and the linux-headers, the script will run without problems, however, if something fails, the console will tell you what to install or do.


How do i install ubuntu from usb from scratch?

You can create Ubuntu startup disk with Startup Disk Creator available by default in Ubuntu.

Go through this documentation for details.


Am I supposed to RAID0 the ESP partition? (mdad software RAID)

No, you do not RAID the ESP across multiple drives. Doing so will result in a failed installation (un-bootable). Just treat the EFI System Partition (ESP) as you would the Reserved BIOS Boot Area partition- create it first on either/any drive in the would-be RAID array, just don't create it on any of the other drives. When the time comes to create the swap and ext4 (or whatever floats your boat), each drive will lose however much space the ESP occupies on that first drive, so in my case I lost 500MB per drive- since RAID partitions must be the same size, if I take 500MB away from / to use for the ESP, I reduce the size of that partition by 500MB, which means that partition's counterparts on other drives also lose 500MB, only difference being the 500MB on the other drives isn't used for anything since the ESP is only on that first drive. I only have one other drive, so that's not bad.

EDIT: This applies to RAID0 and RAID1.


Problem with installing Ubuntu on my macbook

There are two ways of installing Ubuntu on a Mac.

Legacy Boot - Use the Mac variant of Ubuntu which you can download from here.

Install rEFInd before you install Ubuntu. Now, create a partition for Ubuntu using either Disk Utility or GParted and install normally. When you reboot after the installation finishes, rEFInd will load and give you an option to select either OS X or Ubuntu.

This is the easier method and is convenient if you are dual booting.

EFI Boot - Use the normal variant of Ubuntu.

This method is slightly tough because you will have to delete the grub partition created by the Ubuntu installer (on a FAT partition) and install grub on an HFS partition, failing which your mac will not boot. However, this method works better if you want to completely replace OS X with Ubuntu.

Refer to this website for steps to the EFI Boot method.


How to get options of choosing between windows 8 and ubuntu at start up?

If you still have your Ubuntu disk with you, try booting from that and run grub-install /dev/sdX where X is the device letter for the hard drive that contains both Windows 8 and Ubuntu partitions, in a Terminal session.


Check your settings. My hunch is that is simply goes black after 30 minutes of inactivity. Next to the orange suitcase(software center) There should be a wrench with a wheel. Click on this. There should be a wide selection of setting options. on the very top, you should see this screenshot:

Double click on this and it will open open up to this:

Click the drop down menu on the top and select "never" if you do not ever wish for the computer to lock up after 30 minutes of inactivity. I hope this helps.


You do not have an IPv6 address on eth0. You have only a link local fe80::10d8:ad64:c0dc:f66a/64 address that is not good to connect outside of your local network.

Remove iface eth0 inet dhcp and iface eth0 inet6 dhcp from the /etc/network/interfaces. Network Manager will receive an IPv6 address if it is available.

If you really have to use manual configuration in /etc/network/interfaces, the correct setting for IPv6 will be

 iface eth0 inet6 auto

since in many cases DHCPv6 is not used on a router. The most common is SLAAC configuration.


Postfix - "skipped, still being delivered" (+Permission denied)

Look in master.cf for a transport named "f" there must be a typo there.

The master.cf you pasted don't have it tho. Have you pasted the right one?


How can I upgrade APCUPSD to version 3.14.12

The official mirrors do not have 3.14.12:
http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=apcupsd

You have to download the source tarball and build it yourself.


Can I set a horizontal layout for workspaces?

There are two extension to achieve the desired behavior:

Workspace Grid Extension
Workspace Matrix

The former seems to be more popular (and still seems to receive updates) while the latter is more actively developed.


this question can be closed. it is a problem with AT&T webex . I spoke to their technical support . They told me , the support for Linux is till firefox 3.0


I do not know who Michael Marley is and what is his ppa.

Proprietary Nvidia drivers perform better in games than Nouveau in most cases.

You can install recommended drivers from Ubuntu repositories. They should work OK for your adapter.

This can be done from System Settings -> Software & Updates -> Additional Drivers.

For very new adapters with Ubuntu 14.04 you may need newer driver than in official repository (331). In this case xorg-edgers may be useful.