Cannot launch Lollypop music player after installing from a deb package on Ubuntu 16.04

Running lollypop from the CLI gives an error that GTK+ 3.20 is needed, the current installed version was 3.18.
A way to upgrade 3.18 to 3.20 can be found here.
Adding two repos by the following commands and updating should trigger a bunch of packages that needed to be updated. Note that you'll be installing untested packages and  if you intend to switch between Unity and GNOME you should expect some compromise on the Unity half.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3

Reboot and Lollypop should be running now.


I have browsed the internet and I have found that by adding the nomodeset parameter at the boot, system boots up correctly


How to install libnettle6 on Ubuntu 20.04LTS

I grabbed the file from here
http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/n/nettle/libnettle6_3.2-1ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb
And then installed it
sudo apt install ~/downloads/libnettle6_3.2-1ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb
I was using it to get aria2_1.33.1-1_amd64 installed to support uget plugin Firefox
It worked perfectly for me on Ubuntu 20.10 as shown below
lsb_release -a

No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:   Ubuntu
Description:  Ubuntu 20.10
Release:  20.10
Codename: groovy


I don't think you even need xmodmap, you can just set you Compose Key to <CapsLock>.

This post explains how to do it on some Ubuntu flavours:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ComposeKey


Image Viewer (eog) causes lightdm to restart

Execute eog using the console and update your question with the output that appears when the problem is reproduced. That, of course, if you can still read it after the new login.

UPDATE: As stated in its manual page (man eog), maybe you will get more info using the flag --g-fatal-warnings .


A .zip file is an archive, so you can't install it, but can unzip or extract it - right click, select 'Extract here'. Call it installation if you like, but that's pretty much it.
If you prefer the terminal way, then:

unzip chrome-linux.zip -d /destination_dir

To run it cd to the installation directory, and then run ./chrome

Needless to say, I'd strongly discourage using any unofficial version of Chrome. It could be unsafe, and your best bet is to get the real thing instead.


Can't use QWERTY layout after make IBus work with Dvorak layout after reboot

Quite a few keyboard layout related changes were implemented in Ubuntu 13.10. I'm certainly not an expert on the topic, but I think you should at first hand use System Settings -> Text Entry to set your preferences rather than using ibus-setup directly.


It worked.
I did a

    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get upgrade
    sudo apt-get update --fix-missing

then rebooted the system and everything seems to be working properly

Thanks for the help guys!


I'm not completely sure what you mean by a remote access session.

To see all listening services / ports run one of the following commands:

sudo lsof -i -P -n | grep LISTEN
sudo netstat -tulpn | grep LISTEN

If you leave off the | grep LILSTEN part the same commands will also show active connections.

sudo lsof -i -P -n
sudo netstat -tulpn

Typically VNC connections will use ports of 5900 or so.

On my system I see:

systemd      1    root   33u  IPv4  17131      0t0  TCP *:111 (LISTEN)
systemd      1    root   41u  IPv6  17133      0t0  TCP *:111 (LISTEN)
cupsd     2071    root    6u  IPv6  43261      0t0  TCP [::1]:631 (LISTEN)
cupsd     2071    root    7u  IPv4  43262      0t0  TCP 127.0.0.1:631 (LISTEN)

So I know everything on that list.

I suppose it is possible for crackers to hide services, but that is a separate discussion.


Why cant the terminal locate and install Acetoneiso_2.3.tar.gz.?

apt-get is for packages that are resident in the Ubuntu on-line repositories. Please try:

sudo apt-get install acetoneiso

A tar.gz file is only needed when you wish to compile a package not found in the repositories from source code.


If you have never upgraded the standard 512MB memory, chances are thats where the problem is. (can you please check your hardware specs and edit your post?).
If that is indeed your problem, you can do one of three things:

Downgrade back to 10.
You can read here that that is possible but not recomended. But if you really want to go back to your previous version, its better to backup your /home dir and reinstall that version. But as 10.04 is not being supported anymore, you should think about that.
increase your memory (your lenovo can go up to 2G, which should be enough)
You can switch to a up-to-date  but 'light' version of Ubuntu like Xubuntu or Lubuntu


Ended up resetting all deja dup settings with:

dconf reset -f "/org/gnome/deja-dup/"


problem in .net framework 3.5 installation

You can not install Microsoft .Net framework on Ubuntu.

You can use Cross platform library from mono


Multiple Ubuntu versions updating same vnstat database

vnStat versions 1.3 - 1.18 use the same database structure so sharing a database with those versions is possible as long as

both installs share the same network interface names
there's a reboot when changing between environments
daemon processes don't access the database files at the same time
database file owners match

As in your case a dual boot is in question, these limitations shouldn't be a problem, assuming the network interface names match.

The database directory needs to be moved to a location that's accessible by both environments. In the configuration file /etc/vnstat.conf the correct keyword to look for is DatabaseDir. With ntfs in question, you may also want to disable UseFileLocking and CheckDiskSpace to avoid surprises. It would likely also help to disable CreateDirs and UpdateFileOwner. Note that the mount needs to be available before the vnStat daemon is started.

Edits of the configuration file require a restart or reload of the daemon. It's also better to keep the daemon stopped when making a copy of the database directory. You'll also need to sync the configuration file changes to both environments after changed.

Bonus

In theory, that could be possible. I'd assume it should be possible to get the vnstat command working in Windows Subsystem for Linux. Once that works then it's possible to use the --exportdb functionality to dump content of the database to an ascii file, then add the collected data to the existing numbers (which may not exactly be straightforward) and then use --importdb to import back the changes and overwrite the existing database.

The possibly easier alternative would be to use vnStat 2.0 in both environments. That would result in having a sqlite database containing the data and I'd assume there are Windows tools available for manipulating the existing data. This option would require less steps but however still requires some dealing with the way vnStat stores the data in the database.


Expand $PATH problem $HOME/bin is set twice

Ubuntu is already configured to automatically add $HOME/bin to the path.

You mentioned you're distribution was Server converted to Desktop and I'm not sure how that effects things but you can check:

$ cat ~/.profile

# ~/.profile: executed by the command interpreter for login shells.
# This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login
# exists.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files for examples.
# the files are located in the bash-doc package.

# the default umask is set in /etc/profile; for setting the umask
# for ssh logins, install and configure the libpam-umask package.
#umask 022

# if running bash
if [ -n "$BASH_VERSION" ]; then
    # include .bashrc if it exists
    if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ]; then
    . "$HOME/.bashrc"
    fi
fi

# set PATH so it includes user's private bin directories
PATH="$HOME/bin:$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"

It sounds like this is being executed and what you are manually doing is doubling up on the last line in the file.

Using grep to find all references

You can use grep to find all the files where $HOME/bin is referenced:

grep -rnw --exclude-dir={proc,root,run,sys,/tmp,tmpfs,var} '/' -e "$HOME/bin"


How can I disable the "voice" feature (Ubuntu 12.04)

Ok... me again. I did some additional detective work (trial and error, really) - and this is it:
You can access the "Screen Reader" feature on the sign-in screen (within the options of the drop-down menu, located in the upper right-hand corner of the screen), and select it (via Ctl+S) or deselect it, as the case may be.
That's all. I don't hear voices any more. :p
Thanks everyone, anyway.
:)


The edges of the wallpaper will always be under the top panel and launcher. The background is drawn in a window which fills the screen, and is at the lowest level of the stack. The top panel and launcher are at one of the highest levels of the window stack, so will always appear on top of things, which are not full-screen application windows.


Alias for gnome-open to open different files

Add this line to your ~/.bash_aliases:

alias opn='gnome-open'


Sounds like your grub loader is messed up? Use nano & have a look here: /boot/grub/grub.cfg you should see both of your OS's;

A quick search has found this answer on how to repair:
Open the terminal and run the command

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update

Then install boot repair by running the command

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Launch the boot repair after installing. For example, from the menu, use System→Administration→Boot-Repair

Good Luck!


Dual Booting Windows 10 and Ubuntu 15.10

As this question contains many sub-questions and seems to be answered already to other related questions ...so, this might help you :
Installing Windows:
How to Install Windows After I've Installed Ubuntu?:
Installing Ubuntu with manual partitioning : Installing Ubuntu Alongside Windows:
About SWAP:
Importance of Swap Partition:
What is a “Swap Area?:
Note : If you find these answers useful, please don't forget to up-vote the original answers.


systemctl is what you're looking for. You'll need to install the script somewhere appropriate. Then, create a service file. Make sure that the file is executable (chmod +x /your/file.sh).
More details can be found here:
How do I run a single command at startup using systemd?


Unsuccessful upgrade from 11.10 to 12.4 LTS leads to black screen with cursor blinking

When I restarted, the upgrade was interrupted, and therefore I couldn't boot on the last kernel.

I had to boot the previous kernel on text mode, and resume upgrade via sudo apt-get upgrade. At some point it passed me a command using dpkg that resumed the instalation.


The error was in info.php:

<?php

"Awesomeness has no charge" - Po the Panda
 <-- here is the    error...ok, thx.
phpinfo();
?>

By deleting the line with

"Awesomeness has no charge" - Po the Panda

everything is as expected. The info.php is now (as in many documentations..)

<?php
phpinfo();
?>


I can SSH into a remote host but get "Connection reset by peer" with SSHFS, what do I miss?

In my case (I tried to connect to remote synology as well!) the problem was that SFTP was not enabled on server side. The symptoms were the same: I could ssh to server without any problems, but sshfs command failed.

To enable SFTP on Synology server go to Control Panel -> File Services -> FTP tab -> SFTP section.


Unity3d Chromium Embedded Framework permissions

You have to add permission to Unity3d sandbox:

sudo chmod 4755 /opt/Unity/Editor/chrome-sandbox


How can I make background image changed as time goes?

Download the script from HERE.
Create a new folder in your home partition, let's call it "earthwallpaper" and put the script you just downloaded into this folder.
Open a terminal, navigate to the folder you created at step 2 and make the script executable:

~/earthwallpaper
chmod +x changer.sh

Go to System > Preferences > Startup Applications and select "Add", in the name field enter "Earth Wallpaper" and in the command field, enter:

/path/to/changer.sh

Changing /path/to with the path to were you copied the changer.sh file you downloaded at step 1.

Now, each time you start your computer, the script which updates your wallpaper will automatically run.

Log out and log back in. Running the script creates a new wallpaper called world_sunlight_Wallpaper.jpg in your ~/.gnome2 folder. We need to set this as your wallpaper. This picture is constantly updated by the script, thus making the image dynamic. To do this, open Nautilus, toggle the text-based address bar and type:

~/.gnome2

Which will open the hidden .gnome2 folder from your home directory. Now, on your desktop, right click and select "Change Desktop Background" which will open the Appearance dialog. Having both the Appearance dialog opened and the ~/.gnome2 folder, drag and drop the world_sunlight_Wallpaper.jpg file from Nautilus, into the Appearance dialog (Background tab). That's it. Now you just have to keep the terminal opened so that the script will continue to update the world_sunlight_Wallpaper.jpg wallpaper in real-time.

References:

webpd8.org
Stack Overflow


Installing Windows 10 after Ubuntu on a second drive

I went ahead and did it. The operation was successful.

I:

Disconnected the Linux HDs
Connected the new SSD
Installed Windows on the new SSD
Reconnected the Linux HDs
Set the Linux SSD as default boot-drive
Booted into Ubuntu
Mounted the Windows partition in Nautilus
Ran sudo update-grub

Grub now presents me with a list on startup were I can choose between Ubuntu and Windows.

The only small problem I had was in step 7. For some reason Ubuntu claimed that Windows had not shut down properly and thus could't mount the disk. A  quick reboot into Windows and then back into Ubuntu solved it, and the drive mounted fine.

I'm not sure if disconnecting the Linux HDs were actually necessary. I did it to be extra sure I wouldn't accidentally mess up the Ubuntu installation. The Windows and Ubuntu installs are on identical SSDs.


Lutris: How to install Software that are not games?

because I simply want to install MS Office.

For the best experience install VirtualBox or VM Ware Player, Windows in there and MS Office in there. Anything else will be a lot more trouble and tends to lack functionality.

  Am I doing something wrong?

Lutris is an Open Source gaming platform for Linux. MS Office is not a game.

Wine and POL are difficult to get correct. You can use POL with a userscript for an easier installation of MS Office besides the links you posted but a native install in a virtual container is the easier method. POL does work but you need a lot more experience with Linux, Windows and how to set up Wine correctly. POL makes it a bit easier but makes it also difficult to get correct if it does not work from a userscript.


Brasero 12.04 Precis, cdrecord instead of wodim. cdrtools instead of cdrkit. Plugin only wants wodim

How someone did it, from Ubuntu Forums:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=852085


No unity, no desktop, no laucher in Ubuntu Desktop 16.04

I resolved my issue. It was a problem with UTF-8.
Modifify /etc/default/locale like this:

#File generated by update-locale
LANG="fr_FR.UTF-8"
LANGUAGE="fr_FR:fr"
LC_ALL="fr_FR.UTF-8"

Reboot and it's good!


Change icon order in Unity 2d in Ubuntu 11.10

It is really simple. You have to click on the icon and take it pressed for one second or so and then drag it directly up or down over the other icons, without going to the right or out of the dock..the tutorial you saw is strictly for Unity 3D..


Is JDK 8 required? I tend to get mostly everything to work with openjdk-7-jdk But then again, I have never worked with ant or python-for-android.


Reload Package List -> Downloading Translation... failed

I think this is normal, as it happened to me every time I update the package lists. And I've used Ubuntu since 2007. Probably it just means nothing has changed and that it does not have to download a new list.


Connecting /home from separate drive after fresh installation

Well, I solved it in an ugly way. After I followed with @vanadium's advice and got stuck in the login loop, and no solutions I could found worked, I set up a second user in the system, logged in as that user, deleted my original user and recreated it from scratch. Then I logged in again as that newly created user and everything was fine.

Thanks everyone for suggestions!


System blacks out when resuming on opening lid

Hi I had this problem on my E420 Lenovo Thinkpad. The best solution I could find was to just disable suspend when the lid is closed. Its not a solution I know but it will make it a lot less annoying!

How can I tell Ubuntu to do nothing when I close my laptop lid?


How to backup a single file with deja-dup?

You could (perhaps, let me know if it works) create a new directory called ~/.files-to-be-backed-up/ and then symlink your individual files into that directory:

mkdir ~/.files-to-be-backed-up/
ln -s ~/Desktop/file ~/.files-to-be-backed-up/file

And then just set Deja-Dup to backup anything in that hidden directory.


Every filesystem has limits, and ext2/ext3 were limited to 2 TiB, but ext4 has a much higher limit (that you won't reach anytime soon).  So, use ext4 and you should be safe...

For NFS shares I think it depends on the NFS daemon/version you use (check the manuals first) and some certainly have a filesize limit. For Samba it shouldn't be a problem, except with older versions of Windows maybe?


Make sure that you have a good backup of your important Ubuntu files, as this procedure can corrupt or lose data.
Keep these things in mind:

always start the entire procedure with issuing a swapoff on any mounted swap partitions, and end the entire procedure with issuing a swapon on that same swap partition

a move is done by pointing the mouse pointer at the center of a partition and dragging it left/right with the hand cursor

a resize is done by dragging the left/right side of a partition to the left/right with the directional arrow cursor

if any partition can't be moved/resized graphically, you may have to manually enter the specific required numeric data (don't do this unless I instruct you to)

you begin any move/resize by right-clicking on the partition in the lower pane of the main window, and selecting the desired action from the popup menu, then finishing that action in the new move/resize window

Do the following...
Note: if the procedure doesn't work exactly as I outline, STOP immediately and DO NOT continue.
Note: this assumes an ext4 partition for /dev/sda2, and that you wish to reduce the partition size.

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB, in “Try Ubuntu” mode
start gparted
resize the right side of /dev/sda2 to the left as far as desired
click the Apply icon


How to wake Ubuntu 20.04 from sleep with wireless mouse/keyboard?

First, enter the command lsusb. This will show you the names of your USB devices, like this:

$ lsusb
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 058f:6362 Alcor Micro Corp. Flash Card Reader/Writer
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 008 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 007 Device 003: ID 413c:2010 Dell Computer Corp. Keyboard
Bus 007 Device 002: ID 413c:1003 Dell Computer Corp. Keyboard Hub
Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 003 Device 002: ID 413c:3016 Dell Computer Corp. Optical 5-Button Wheel Mouse
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub

Find the name of the device you want to use to wake the computer (for example, Dell Computer Corp. Keyboard) and note the number next to Bus (example: Bus 007).
Type sudo nano /sys/bus/usb/devices/usb7/power/wakeup replacing usb7 with the device's Bus number (without the 0's in front)


First time installing (erasing Windows) from usb, did everything just so, Boot Device Not Found

From your fdisk -l output you have Linux install in partition /dev/sda1.  You need to ensure you have grub installed on that disk and boot to it.  You might have to set your bios to boot to your first hard drive.  The steps below is to install grub on the your first hard drive using the installed Ubuntu for the installation.

From your live session running these commands, one by one to resolve your issue.

1) sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt # (If your Linux were on a different partition substitute /sda1 for the partition of your Linux install.)
2) for i in /sys /proc /run /dev; do sudo mount --bind "$i" "/mnt/$i"; done
3) sudo chroot /mnt
4) update-grub
5) grub-install /dev/sda # (/dev/sda is the hard drive that has linux installed (i.e. /dev/sda or /dev/sdb ... etc.)
    update-grub

Now reboot the system.

If it fails to boot, perform the steps again, but this time be sure to also perform step #5 to install group on the boot drive.


Ubuntu 11.04 doesn't boot anymore. Nore from HDD, nore from live USB. Win XP boots fine

Sounds like it got corrupted, You said the LiveCD doesn't boot either? I would try to install 11.10 and do upgrade not wipe and reinstall.


What Logo should we use for Ubuntu Power Users?

Here is a basic sledge hammer based logo.


Where would I find a PPA for the newest version of GIMP?

I haven't been following GIMP development very closely, but it appears that in the latest development version, 2.7.1, "it is not possible to start up in single-window mode yet" (2.7.1 release notes). I guess it's possible to enable it after starting though.

There is a tutorial on How-To Geek explaining how to install 2.7.1 from a PPA and enable single-window mode.

A summary of how to add the PPA and upgrade Gimp:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:matthaeus123/mrw-gimp-svn
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gimp


Navigating/Exiting command line configuration screens from bash script

If you set the environment variable DEBIAN_CLENT to "noninteractive" it will suppress this the configuration stage.

You'll get various errors through not having the configuration stage, but as you have a configuration file to put in place that shouldn't be a problem:

sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y install ddclient -y


How do I separately change left and right volumes using pactl?

Answering my own question, because the question was invalid:  I neglected to take into account that the version of pulseaudio running on my embedded board is ancient.  From the githup pulseaudio repo, it looks like this bug was probably fixed many years ago.
If I run remotely from my device, using a current version of pactl, everything works as it should.


WinFF: How to produce 'free' ogv files under Xenial?

A default installation of WinFF under Xenial:

sudo apt-get install winff ffmpeg

has no presets to produce ogv files with Theora video and Vorbis sound. A great omission IMHO.

You can rectify this omission by producing a text file called ogv.wff on your Desktop and placing the following contents into it:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<presets>
  <OGV>
    <label>Theora encoding with Vorbis sound</label>
    <params>-c:v libtheora -qscale:v 6 -c:a libvorbis -qscale:a 5 </params>
    <extension>ogv</extension>
    <category>My Presets</category>
  </OGV>
</presets>

Save this file, close it, right click on it and select: 'Open with WinFF' and this is enough to save your new preset in ~/.winff/presets.xml.

And now you can enjoy producing great quality media files with 2 completely free codecs!

References:

FFmpeg Wiki: Theora & Vorbis


Found this command on ubuntu forums, worked very well with me:

Run:

LC_MESSAGES=C dpkg-divert --list '*nvidia-340*' | sed -nre 's/^diversion of (.*) to .*/\1/p' | xargs -rd'\n' -n1 -- sudo dpkg-divert --remove
sudo apt --fix-broken install

The first command will remove all the diverted packages from nvidia-340. If you have other nvidia version "diverting" change it; read the error code to know which version is diverting.

Source: https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2388026&p=13761809#post13761809
kudos to stutteringp0et2 :)


Vertical line of white pixels between launcher and maximized application (Firefox)

I believe it's something to do with the Unity sidebar, since Chrome and the file manager do this too.

Try using other themes to see if this persists.


Thanks for the help AtomiX84. After resetting the root password i changed uid of jwbosch back to 1000. This was changed to 33 (of www-data)


Decrease the time for which the 'thing' appears while switching workspaces: Gnome Shell

Open up the /usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/workspaceSwitcherPopup.js file, and find these lines:

const ANIMATION_TIME = 0.1;
const DISPLAY_TIMEOUT = 600;

Just simply edit these, and Voilá! The first one sets the length of the transition animation (in seconds I guess), the second one the actual display time of the switcher (in milliseconds). Don't forget to restart the Shell after saving the file.


VM Loading Windows 8.1 dual-boot partition

According to the VirtualBox Manual (9.9.1), an actual disc drive can be used as opposed to a virtual disc file (such as VDI, VMDK or VHD) for VMs. It's referred to as a RAW disc.

VMWare is also capable of using an existing disc drive for a virtual machine. VMWare Fusion is intended for personal desktop use like this.

Edit: This tutorial looks like what you want.


XUbuntu desktop clock is slow by 3 hours, even though timedatectl shows correct info?

Drop to terminal, and run

sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

The choose the appropriate location for your time zone.

If that has no effect, then boot into bios, and review the system time.


What happens if a file/folder owner gets deleted?

Each user has a unique number, called a uid. Each group has a unique number, called a gid. It's the uid and gid that gets stored as owners of files, not the username or groupname.

The mapping between username and uid is in /etc/passwd, and the mapping between groupname and gid is in /etc/group (unless you've set up some other form of database for this).

When you use ls -l to list files, ls will query /etc/passwd and /etc/group to find the corresponding username and groupname for the file ownership.

When you remove a group, you just remove the mapping between groupname and gid in /etc/group, nothing happens to the files this group owned, they'll still be owned by the same gid, but since that group doesn't exist anymore, ls -l will print the gid instead of a groupname, and no one will have access to the file via its group ownership anymore.

If you create a new group and it gets assigned the same gid as the one you deleted, the files will then be owned by that group.

See also http://mywiki.wooledge.org/Permissions


localhost is the name used easily access the the machine from it self without using a public network through the loopback interface.

Its specified in your /etc/hosts file  and pointing to your loopback interface that always has the ip  127.0.0.1

Try pinging i.localhost  .Does it respond with the same ip as the loopback interface? If so there is no difference. Web servers though can use different host names (dns names)  with the same ip to to redirect you to different webpages depending on what address you used to access it and is commonly called vhosts. This sounds exactly like what webmin is doing.


How to make ubuntu realize application type?

Create a .desktop file for your program and install it to /usr/share/local/applications. It should then appear in the main menu and in the list provided by the "choose application" dialog. To make it open text files, use the MimeType and Categories lines. For example, the .desktop file for Leafpad includes this:

MimeType=text/plain
Categories=GTK;Utility;TextEditor;


Print driver for Epson Workforce Pro WP-4025

Head over to http://www.openprinting.org/printer/Epson/Epson-WP-4025 where they have a driver for your model for both 32 and 64 bit. Drivers for other Epson models are also available from here: http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/search/01/search/?OSC=LX


Unable to boot Ubuntu because of some kernel problem

fsck
To check/repair your file system...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB in “Try Ubuntu” mode
open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
type sudo fdisk -l
identify the /dev/sdXX device name for your "Linux Filesystem"
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sdXX, replacing sdXX with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

ramdisk
You probably have a corrupt ramdisk file.
In Recovery Mode...

boot to GRUB menu

choose Additional Options

choose Recovery Mode

choose Root Access

sudo update-initramfs -c -k $(uname -r)


As with all things, I found the solution to this issue right after posting this question. The solution is in, https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13631510/samba-cannot-write-issue

The primary thing being that you need to pass file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777 as part of your options in mount


Reliable way to create secure tunnels from startup on an ubuntu laptop?

For ubuntu 11.10+, the package "gstm" does OK at providing an easier way to set up the tunnel.

see

http://web.archive.org/web/20150318153045/http://linuxers.org/article/manage-your-ssh-tunnel-redirects-graphically-using-gnome-ssh-tunnel-manager (original link now dead)


You are right about the problem that was Pulseaudio but that was solved in the 1.0 version of it which is the one that 11.10 is using. The other part of the problem is that you need the 1.1.12 version of VLC to make it work correctly with the new version of Pulseaudio. To do this add the following PPA (Which is the only one I have found so far with the 1.1.12):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:n-muench/vlc

then do sudo apt-get update to get the new updates. After that just update VLC to the new 1.1.12.

Tested today and all problems related to sync are gone. Should be mention that this is a PPA from a 3rd party source. So if you would like to wait for Ubuntu to update VLC officially you can do that to. For myself I won't go through another version of Ubuntu with the sync problem again.

INFO - https://launchpad.net/~n-muench/+archive/vlc?field.series_filter=oneiric

UPDATE - There is no more the need to add this PPA since in the main repositories the VLC version 1.1.12 has been added. After todays update to the 1.1.12 version of VLC and using Ubuntu 11.10. Most if not all out of sync problems are gone.

Users need to update their Ubuntu to the latest daily updates which should provide the latest version of VLC (the 1.1.12 version). Already tested and all movies I have seen are working correctly.


wget: automatically overwrite dowloaded file create time to current?

As man wget explains:

       --no-use-server-timestamps
           Don't set the local file's timestamp by the one on the server.

           By default, when a file is downloaded, its timestamps are set to
           match those from the remote file. This allows the use of
           --timestamping on subsequent invocations of wget. However, it is
           sometimes useful to base the local file's timestamp on when it was
           actually downloaded; for that purpose, the
           --no-use-server-timestamps option has been provided.

That is, to make the timestamp on the downloaded file represent when it was created on the local machine, use the --no-use-server-timestamps flag:

ek@Io:~$ wget https://pbs.twimg.com/media/ByEt7bVIQAAzDVq.jpg --no-use-server-timestamps
--2015-04-05 00:04:55--  https://pbs.twimg.com/media/ByEt7bVIQAAzDVq.jpg
Resolving pbs.twimg.com (pbs.twimg.com)... 199.96.57.7
Connecting to pbs.twimg.com (pbs.twimg.com)|199.96.57.7|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 19846 (19K) [image/jpeg]
Saving to: ‘ByEt7bVIQAAzDVq.jpg’

ByEt7bVIQAAzDVq.jpg 100%[=====================>]  19.38K  --.-KB/s   in 0.04s

2015-04-05 00:04:56 (538 KB/s) - ‘ByEt7bVIQAAzDVq.jpg’ saved [19846/19846]

ek@Io:~$ ls -l ByEt7bVIQAAzDVq.jpg
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ek ek 19846 Apr  5 00:04 ByEt7bVIQAAzDVq.jpg

The advantage of the default behavior, as explained in the manpage, is in case you later want to retrieve the file again, automatically downloading it only if a newer one is available.


How can I know if my an application on my desktop environment is loading other DE's modules, libraries, etc?

In general way , you can actually lookup in Synaptic manager by selecting the SECTIONS menu, having GNOME Desktop , KDE desktop , amd XFCE desktop environment sub-sections, stating the default applications either QT or GTK based.

And ,there is Library section , a shared section showing Libraries of Gnome and Kde desktop . If you can take a look in description of some of them ,you will find similarity in some of QT's with GTK's ,  etc.

Gnome and KDE don't have shared Libraries but some common modules like KERNEL and drivers , but different frontends like network managers , sound menu ,etc for them  based on DE's .

Dependencies of DE based applications are explained nicely in the above reverendj1's answer. Apart from that you can use utilities like apt-cache ,dpkg ,dpkg-query to get detailed package information and its dependencies and runtime libraries.

And pointing to multiple Desktops modules or library's usage , in simple words if you have KDE and GNOME installed , on running  KDE application in Gnome environment will  initialize KDE library and vice-versa to polish its interface  , integration ,etc . So you will be having two different Core Library functions running. If you have considerable memory for both of them , then its quite a fun to try.

There are  commands like

  ldd
  -->>

  which prints  the  shared  libraries  required by each program or
  shared library specified on the command line.

For example

ldd -u /usr/bin/nautilus
Unused direct dependencies:
    linux-vdso.so.1
    /usr/lib/libzeitgeist-1.0.so.1
    /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgailutil-3.so.0
    /usr/lib/libgnome-desktop-3.so.2
    /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libX11.so.6
    /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgmodule-2.0.so.0
    /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnotify.so.4
......

  ltrace
  -->>

ltrace  is  a  program  that simply runs the specified command until it
       exits.  It intercepts and records the dynamic library calls  which  are
       called  by  the  executed process and the signals which are received by
       that process.  It  can  also  intercept  and  print  the  system  calls
       executed by the program.

For example

ltrace  ping
__libc_start_main(0x4014a0, 1, 0x7fffdbad54a8, 0x405b00, 0x405b90 <unfinished ...>
socket(2, 3, 1)                                                                                = 3
__errno_location()                                                                                = 0x7f0ed1c7a6a0
getuid()                                                                                = 0
setuid(0)                                                                                = 0
getopt(1, 0x7fffdbad54a8, "h?VQ:I:M:aUc:dfi:w:l:S:np:qrs:vL"...)                                       = -1
fwrite("Usage: ping [-LRUbdfnqrvVaAD] [-"..., 1, 251, 0x7f0ed1a6d180Usage: ping [-LRUbdfnqrvVaAD] [-c count] [-i interval] [-w deadline]
            [-p pattern] [-s packetsize] [-t ttl] [-I interface]
            [-M pmtudisc-hint] [-m mark] [-S sndbuf]
            [-T tstamp-options] [-Q tos] [hop1 ...] destination
)                                  = 251
exit(2 <unfinished ...>
+++ exited (status 2) +++


stuck in a login loop after updating drivers

I installed a AMD - fglrx driver package once and ended up in the same state. Here's what I did:

In the login screen Ctrl+Alt+F2 to get into a tty
enter username and password
did sudo apt-get remove fglrx-core
Press ctrl+Alt+F7 to get back to login screen, reboot, it should be fixed.


How to turn off ATI Radeon HD 7730M (on Dell inspiron 7520)?

The ATI driver available at Ubuntu Additional Drivers don't install correctly. To fix this issue, install the latest stable version from the ATI suporte site and you'll get the AMD Catalyst Control Center, a GUI with an option to Switchable Graphics.

To install it, follow the instructions below.

1) First, check the software sources, then paste this command into the terminal to install the dependencies:

sudo apt-get install build-essential cdbs dh-make dkms execstack dh-modaliases fakeroot

1-A) ONLY IF you have a 64 bit system, do this EXTRA step:

sudo apt-get install ia32-libs-multiarch:i386 lib32gcc1 libc6-i386 ; cd /usr ; sudo ln -svT lib /usr/lib64

2) Paste these commands into the terminal to create a new folder and download the latest catalyst driver:

 mkdir ~/amd-catalyst-driver; cd ~/amd-catalyst-driver/
 wget -c wget -c http://www2.ati.com/drivers/linux/amd-driver-installer-catalyst-12.10-x86.x86_64.zip
 unzip amd-driver-installer-catalyst-12.10-x86.x86_64.zip

3-A) IF you have Intel HD graphics AND discrete ATI GPU, then do this, click NEXT > NEXT > etc (and reboot):

 sudo sh amd-driver-installer-catalyst-12.10-x86.x86_64.run

3-B) ONLY IF you have just the ATI Graphics card, then try to do this instead, but it could take a while:

 sudo sh amd-driver-installer-catalyst-12.10-x86.x86_64.run --buildpkg Ubuntu/precise
 sudo dpkg -i fglrx*.deb

4-A) Overwrite the /etc/X11/xorg.conf file(anyway):

 sudo amdconfig --initial -f

4-B) Force the use of the new xorg.conf file:

 sudo amdconfig --input=/etc/X11/xorg.conf --tls=1

6) Reboot the computer and you're done:

 sudo reboot

7) To verify your installation, in terminal type:

 fglrxinfo ; fgl_glxgears

8) To switch between the GPUs, run one of the following commands and re-start X to take effect

8-A) Activate discrete GPU (High-Performance mode), must re-start X to take effect

 sudo aticonfig --px-dgpu
 fglrxinfo ; fgl_glxgears

8-B) Activate integrated GPU (Power-Saving mode), must re-start X to take effect

 sudo aticonfig --px-igpu
 fglrxinfo ; fgl_glxgears

SOURCES:

http://blog.wapnet.nl/2012/07/ubuntu-12-04-install-ati-videodrivers/
http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Hardware
http://support.amd.com/br/gpudownload/linux/Pages/radeon_linux.aspx
http://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=191&t=112234
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1930450


The problem was graphics. Don't know why, but the open drivers which I didn't uninstall prior to installing (manually) the new ones messed up things.

fglrxinfo showed the correct info, so I thought it was okay, but fgl_glxgears were going only up to 60 FPS (with tearfree and vsync off).

So I cd-ed to the location where I had fglrx driver already in the .deb format and I:

sudo service lightdm stop
sudo apt-get remove xserver-xorg-video-radeon
sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx*
sudo dpkg -i fglrx*.deb
sudo service lightdm start

fglrxinfo still correct, fgl_glxgears @ 800-1000 FPS ...

Much better.

10x for the pointers

UPDATE: another thing I've noticed ... sometimes (usually after resume from sleep) jupiter switches to performance governor but the CPU frequencies are stuck at lowest (as id it was using powersave governor). Use Jupiter of whatever you use to switch governors and change the governor to ondemand (and then back to performance if you wish). CPUs will then go over the minimal frequency.


How to make Emacs transparent with i3-wm?

You want this: https://github.com/vava/i3-emacs

Clone it into your emacs folder:

git -C ~/.emacs.d/ clone https://github.com/vava/i3-emacs

then add the following lines to your init.el:

;; i3 integration
(add-to-list 'load-path "~/.emacs.d/i3-emacs")
(require 'i3)
(require 'i3-integration)

Note: This only seems to have an effect when emacs is run in a terminal, i.e. emacs -nw, although I have only just found it myself so not sure if it can apply to "GUI Emacs" too.


gnome-shell on Bionic as guest in Oracle Virtualbox is super slow -- system%

I think I found my own answrer.

I was originally stuck because I thought Ubuntu was using Unity GUI still. Nope. Not sure exactly when, but Canonical changed Ubuntu Desktop to Gnome UI. Once I tracked the system wait states to gnome-shell I had new info.

There is a known issue with Oracle Virtualbox + 3D Acceleration + Gnome UI. This post seems very complete:

Ubuntu 18.04 Gnome hangs on VirtualBox with 3D acceleration enabled

The possible solutions are to change any one of the above factors: use VMWare, turn off 3D Acceration, or use a different UI like Xubuntu or Lubuntu.

I can accept those solutions. I’ve tested all 3, and they do indeed solve the problem I was seeing super-long “unworkable” UI delays.


You can verify the downloaded ISO is not corrupt by comparing it's MD5 hash.

Then use the method for creating a bootable USB with the Ubuntu wiki help instead of using Pendrivelinux.

Since you are new to Ubuntu I take it you will do this from Windows. Otherwise scroll through that same wiki page for instructions on creating the usb from Ubuntu/Mac.


What is exactly the relation between wmctrl -d and wmctrl -lG in Unity?

Viewports versus workspaces

As pointed out in this answer, there is an essential difference between Compiz/Unity and other window managers.

If we look at Xubuntu (XFCE), all workspaces are stand alone spaces. All we need to know is the workspace a window is on, and the x and y coordinates. Basically, there is no matrix in which the workspaces are ordered, apart from the "lineair" order 1, 2, 3 etc.

This is different in Unity, where there is actually only one workspace. The (spanning) workspace is divided in a number of sections, called viewports. These viewports are arranged in rows and columns.

That way it is possible that one window is partially visible on all viewports:

unlike workspaces:

Differences in the output of wmctrl -d and how to interpret

To understand the output of wmctrl -lG, we should understand its "anatomy":

desktop number (first = 0)
current desktop mark ("*" if it is the current desktop (workspace), "-" if not)
desktop geometry (the size of the desktop x-y)
viewport position (position on the desktop; see Unity)
workarea geometry as ("usable" size of the desktop, minus panels etc.; first column is px from left/top)
name of the desktop (possibly containing multiple spaces)

Since Unity only has one workspace, the output always shows a * on [2]. How do we know how the viewports are arranged and what is the current viewport?

The information is in VP: 1680,0 ([4]). Not simply as a viewport number, but as an x and y coordinate. These coordinates can be zero or x*the screen's resolution. To know how the viewports are set up, we will need to know the screen's reolution as well (with the help of xrandr).

How to find out:

how many viewports are there currently and how are they arranged:

Looking at the DG: 3360x2100 in the "Unity" example, and knowing that our screen's resolution is 1680x1050, we can conclude there are two columns of viewports (3360/1680) and two rows (2100/1050).
which is the current workspace:

An example
The screen has a resolution of 1680x1050. The viewport information sais VP: 1680,0. Cordinates are displayed as the left upper corner, So we are on the second column, first row.
where a window is located in an absolute sense:

Once we know which viewport is the current one, we can localize the windows, looking at their coordinates in the output of wmctrl -lG [3]:

window - id
desktop number (on Unity: always 0 as pointed out)
window coordinates, from the perspective of the current viewport (x-y)
window size, from the perspective of the (w-h)
computer name
window name

We can simply locate the window, with the origin at the left top of the current viewport.

Below an example of a screen resolution of 1680x1050, viewports 2x2:

window coordinates from the perspective of viewport 1

window coordinates from the perspective of viewport 4

which are the windows on the current workspace:

With the information above and the help of wmctrl -lG (the window coordinates, section [3]), quite simple:

if

a window's x-coordinate is between 0 and the screen's (horizontal) resolution, and
a window's y-coordinate is between 0 and the screen's (vertical) resolution

then a window is located on the current viewport.


How to redirect in local domain web site www.mydomain.com/website to www.mydomain.com

For this purposes you need to change the content of default Virtual Host configuration file 000-default.conf that is located in /etc/apache2/sites-available/. Or you can create a new Virtual Host configuration file, then you must disable 000-default.conf and enable the new one.

Let's assume you decide to create a new VH configuration file, lets call it my.wiki.org.conf, it should be located in /etc/apache2/sites-available/ and its content should be something as:

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerName my.wiki.org
    ServerAdmin your-admin@email.com

    # According MWiki Manual:Security
    php_flag register_globals off

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/my.wiki.org.error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/my.wiki.org.access.log combined

    <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
        SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
    </FilesMatch>

    <Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin>
        SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
    </Directory>

    DocumentRoot "/var/www/my.wiki.org"

    <Directory "/var/www/my.wiki.org">
        Options None FollowSymLinks
        #Allow .htaccess:
        AllowOverride All
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    # According to MWiki Manual:Security
    <Directory "/var/www/my.wiki.org/images">
        Options -Indexes
        # Allow .htaccess files
        AllowOverride All
        # Serve HTML as plaintext, don't execute SHTML
        AddType text/plain .html .htm .shtml .php .phtml .php5
        # Don't run arbitrary PHP code.
        php_admin_flag engine off
        # If you've other scripting languages, disable them too.
    </Directory>

    # According to MWiki Manual:Security
    <Directory "/var/www/my.wiki.org/images/deleted">
        Deny from all
        AllowOverride AuthConfig Limit
        Require local
    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

Then disable 000-default.conf, enable my.wiki.org.conf and restart (or reload) Apache's configuration:

sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf
sudo a2ensite my.wiki.org.conf
sudo systemctl restart apache2.service

The key point here is that you changed DocumentRoot of the Virtual Host to the installation directory of MediaWiki. I assuming here this directory is /var/www/my.wiki.org.

In addition if you want to serve your wiki articles by my.wiki.org/wiki/Article_name, instead of my.wiki.org/index.php/Article_name, you can add the following lines in the .htaccess file, located in the DocumentRoot directory:

<ifModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteRule ^/?wiki(/.*)?$ %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/index.php [L]

    RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}%{REQUEST_URI} !-f
    RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}%{REQUEST_URI} !-d
    RewriteRule ^/?images/thumb/[0-9a-f]/[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]/([^/]+)/([0-9]+)px-.*$ %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/thumb.php?f=$1&width=$2 [L,QSA,B]

    RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}%{REQUEST_URI} !-f
    RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}%{REQUEST_URI} !-d
    RewriteRule ^/?images/thumb/archive/[0-9a-f]/[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]/([^/]+)/([0-9]+)px-.*$ %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/thumb.php?f=$1&width=$2&archived=1 [L,QSA,B]
</ifModule>

And modify your LocalSettings.php as follow:

$wgScriptPath = "";
$wgScriptExtension = ".php";
$wgArticlePath = "/wiki/$1";

References about this additional part:

https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Short_URL
https://shorturls.redwerks.org/

For test purposes you could add some lines, as the shown below, in your /etc/hosts file to access your wiki via FDQN instead of localhost or IP address in your LAN (more details):

127.0.0.1 localhost my.wiki.org  # access my.wiki.org from the same machine
192.168.0.150 my.wiki.org        # access my.wiki.org that is hosted on another LAN machine with IP 192.168.0.150

One more security note for public servers:

I would enable HTTPS and would redirect all users to it.

Read also:

Configuring apache2 for mediawiki
Let's Encrypt, Apache2 - Editing vhosts properly


Moving root partition to SSD on dualboot system

The cleanest way is to reinstall on SSD. Create 2 partitions on SSD, one for / and other /home, boot new version, reinstall the apps, then copy all user's content from old HDD into SSD's /home/ folder.


just let xl2tpd run in userspace, it will be slower but it works for me

FYI - i don't feel it slow.

source: my daemon.log

Oct  4 18:29:39 tk xl2tpd[22238]: Enabling IPsec SAref processing for L2TP transport mode SAs
Oct  4 18:29:39 tk xl2tpd[22238]: IPsec SAref does not work with L2TP kernel mode yet, enabling forceuserspace=yes
Oct  4 18:29:39 tk xl2tpd[22238]: setsockopt recvref[30]: Protocol not available
Oct  4 18:29:39 tk xl2tpd[22238]: This binary does not support kernel L2TP.
Oct  4 18:29:39 tk xl2tpd[22239]: xl2tpd version xl2tpd-1.3.1 started on tk PID:22239
Oct  4 18:29:39 tk xl2tpd[22239]: Written by Mark Spencer, Copyright (C) 1998, Adtran, Inc.
Oct  4 18:29:39 tk xl2tpd[22239]: Forked by Scott Balmos and David Stipp, (C) 2001
Oct  4 18:29:39 tk xl2tpd[22239]: Inherited by Jeff McAdams, (C) 2002
Oct  4 18:29:39 tk xl2tpd[22239]: Forked again by Xelerance (www.xelerance.com) (C) 2006
Oct  4 18:29:39 tk xl2tpd[22239]: Listening on IP address 0.0.0.0, port 1701


Accidentally removed default gnome panel applications

I did this recently as well. Hold Super+Alt+Right Click to add to panel then search for 'Indicator applet complete'. Add that to the panel and everything should be back to normal. The Super is typically the one with  the Windows logo on it on most PCs (see What are the meta, super, and hyper keys?).


Unity 3D not supported in VirtualBox when installing Guest Additions via command line

The only appropriate guest additions running the most recent fully updated Virtual Box is those you get with the package from the Oracle repositories. The versions we can install from the Ubuntu repositories only meets those of the Virtual Box release version provided there. These usually are many versions behind (14.04 ships 4.3.36, 16.10 ships 5.1.16).

Depending on how you had installed Virtual Box the guest additions CD ISO image will be in /usr/share/virtualbox/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso or in /opt/virtualbox/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso. Usually you can mount this CD by selecting Devices > Insert Guest Additions CD image from the graphical VirtualBox Manager interface or using VBoxManage storageattach (see manual for details on syntax).

The guest additions will install in the guest after running the installer from the mounted CD in the guest either by auto-run or in a terminal afte cd to the mountpoint:

sudo ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run

After that the Virtual Box graphic driver will make use of the host GPU for 3D graphic acceleration and Unity will be fully supported if the host graphics driver is capable of providing the hardware acceleration needed.

Often newer Ubuntu releases also need a new release of Virtual Box for installing as a guest. Therefore we can not install Ubuntu 16.10 as a guset in a VirtualBox 4.3. from Ubuntu 14.04 host.


Tool to fire up EC2 instance and SSH in?

The cloud-utils  package contains a tool called ubuntu-ec2-run that lets you fire up clean instances, I'm not sure on the ssh bit.

You can also do this with juju if you've got it configured with ec2 with:

juju deploy ubuntu
juju ssh ubuntu/0


You need to generate your private and public key:

ssh-keygen -t rsa

And to add your key as an authorized key on the server side:

ssh-copy-id <server hostname/ip address>


It seems you can do that with /etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf's option:

request host-name;

See the example at the end of dhclient.conf(5)


Crash after plugging in the Logitech H600 wireless transmitter

This is a known issue in 12.04. There is no workaround or fix at the moment (aside from not plugging in the dongle).

The cause is a bug that was introduced in the update of X.org, which recognizes the device as having "buttons" but can't sort out where to send the input from them.


Cannot access windows partition from ubuntu

The solution I found that worked was a program called ntfsfix.

Install ntfs-3g with:

sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g

Then run the ntfsfix command on your NTFS partition.

For example:

ntfsfix /dev/sda4


After installing Ubuntu 13.10 all files are erased

If it was an upgrade, your files should be untouched, unless you picked "Erase disk and install Ubuntu" or "Something else" (and set it up manually to do this) this shouldn't have happened.

Did you maybe use a different username and now have a fresh home folder? Check in /home/ for any other directorys.

If it really is gone (and you happen to have no backup), go boot up a live cd immediately. You may be able to recover files, but using the system and letting it write more to disk increases the chance of your data to be unrecoverable.

Take a look here.


Cycle though all the instances of a currently active application in all workspaces

Starting in I believe 16.04 it's an option, not sure of the current default as I've changed here to make a single hand binding (Ctrl+Alt+z)

You should find in ccsm, (install compizconfig-settings-manager) > Ubuntu Unity Plugin as in screenshot


It's possible that you're experiencing a known bug with suspending. You can have a read of this fairly easy to follow guide which seems to have fixed this bug for most people.

Hope this has helped you.


Don't worry about that. The cache optimizations run in the Linux kernel and trust me, when it becomes necessary to cache the data, it will be cached. Run the system for a few days and see what then happens.

Also note that the system has not precognitive powers and it can hardly cache your whole hard disk, so when you run a program for the first time, it will not be cached.

If you find yourself with too much free RAM on your hands and a specific application that relies on ultra low access and read times, you can always construct a RAM-disk. Normally, it is hardly worth an effort.


Shell prompt customization and cmd behavior

You must make sure the non-printing characters in the prompt are in escaped square brackets, otherwise bash cannot calculate the size of the prompt correctly. I think I have fixed it for you:

PS1='\[\e[0;32m\]$PWD\n\[\e[m\]$ '


Installed Ubuntu on a separate HDD, got a grub error and want to know if anything went wrong

Nothing should have gone wrong if I understand your situation correctly. Sometimes it is easy to confuse which HDD you are installing on - hence why you got GRUB on the wrong HDD.

If you have fixed the mbr of Windows, then you should not have any other problems.


I'm going out on a limb here with this answer, but it's the best I could figure out:

10.04 uses:

xserver-xorg-video-ati (1:6.13.0-1ubuntu5)
    X.Org X server -- AMD/ATI display driver wrapper

ref: Lucid package list

12.04 uses:

xserver-xorg-video-ati (1:6.14.99~git20111219.aacbd629-0ubuntu2)
    X.Org X server -- AMD/ATI display driver wrapper

ref: Precise package list

I'm not sure if this helps you at all since I'm not too sure how you would about getting the older version. Perhaps adding the Lucid repository in your apt sources file and installing it that way.


Can't boot from USB when installing Ubuntu

You might need to try enabling "legacy USB support" in your BIOS then rebooting, then going in to the BIOS boot menu.

Another thing to try is to plug it into a different USB port, especially if you're currently plugging it into a hub or your computer separates its USB2/USB3 ports.

  My system is 64bit, but does it matter if I want to install a Ubuntu 32bit?

Nope, that should work fine, though if you have more than 3GB RAM (or are likely to upgrade RAM in the future) I'd highly recommend using 64-bit in order to use it more efficiently.


Workaround to Install Ubuntu 20.04 with Intel RST systems

You've got a single HDD/SSD set up in RAID (RST) mode, and the Ubuntu installer won't recognize your HDD/SSD until you switch your disk setting in the BIOS from RAID to AHCI.
Making that switch comes with some problems though, as Windows will no longer boot.
You don't need to reinstall Windows.
Below, you'll find two different ways to solve this problem. Some users found Choice #2 to be easier.
Important: Make sure to have a backup of your important Windows files!
Choice #1: Looking at this article  will show you how to make the change without having to reinstall Windows.
Important: Some users reported to be completely unable to boot Windows after using Choice #1, without a full restore

Boot to Windows with your current SATA controller configuration
Open Device Manager
Expand Storage Controllers and identify the Intel SATA RAID Controller
View properties of the identified controller
On the Driver tab, click the Update driver… button
Browse my computer…, Let me pick…
Uncheck Show compatible hardware
Select Microsoft as manufacturer
Select Microsoft Storage Spaces Controller as model #
Accept that Windows cannot confirm that this driver is compatible
Save changes, reboot to BIOS and change RAID SATA Controller to AHCI
Save changes and reboot normally, hopefully to Windows

Now you should be able to install Ubuntu in a dual-boot configuration.
Choice #2: See here.

Right-click the Windows Start Menu. Choose Command Prompt (Admin).
If you don’t see Command Prompt listed, it’s because you have already been updated to a later version of Windows.  If so, use this method instead to get to the Command Prompt:
Click the Start Button and type cmd
Right-click the result and select Run as administrator
Type this command and press ENTER: bcdedit /set {current} safeboot minimal
If this command does not work for you, try bcdedit /set safeboot minimal
Restart the computer and enter BIOS Setup (the key to press varies between systems).
Change the SATA Operation mode to AHCI from either IDE or RAID (again, the language varies).
Save changes and exit Setup and Windows will automatically boot to Safe Mode.
Right-click the Windows Start Menu once more. Choose Command Prompt (Admin)
Type this command and press ENTER: bcdedit /deletevalue {current} safeboot
If you had to try the alternate command above, you will likely need to do so here also: bcdedit /deletevalue safeboot
Reboot once more and Windows will automatically start with AHCI drivers enabled.


If you want to try a bunch of passprhases, and compare them with your known signature, you can use the ecryptfs-add-passphrase command.  That will take whatever passphrase you enter, and add it to the kernel's keyring and return the signature.

You can do that a bunch of times (perhaps in a script), until you get the right signature.

You may want to clear out all of those added passphrase (or perhaps clear your kernel keyring between each try).  For that, you'll want to use keyctl clear @u.

Full disclosure: I am one of the authors and maintainers of eCryptfs.


How can I create additional users in Ubuntu OpenStack?

By default the user created when Openstack is deployed doesn't have administrative privileges.  There is however an admin account created that can be used.

You can access the admin credentials from within Landscape -> Openstack.  You can click the 'Download OpenStack RC file for admin' to get what you need.

Also, that file can be used to administer openstack with the openstack-cli, by sourcing the admin.rc.


glxinfo shows different versions in the same machine on different runs

I had to update my kernel version to 4.15 to fix the problem:
sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-hwe-16.04

After this, I restarted the system, now I have OpenGL 4.5:
server glx version string: 1.4
client glx version string: 1.4
GLX version: 1.4
    Max core profile version: 4.5
    Max compat profile version: 3.0
    Max GLES1 profile version: 1.1
    Max GLES[23] profile version: 3.1
OpenGL core profile version string: 4.5 (Core Profile) Mesa 18.0.5
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 4.50
OpenGL version string: 3.0 Mesa 18.0.5
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.30
OpenGL ES profile version string: OpenGL ES 3.1 Mesa 18.0.5
OpenGL ES profile shading language version string: OpenGL ES GLSL ES 3.10


Randomly slow wifi connection on Ubuntu 16.04

Have you tried to disable the power management of your wireless adapter?
You may do it by editing /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf (as sudo) and changing the "wifi.powersave" option from 3 to 2. Try this on the terminal:

sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf

then change:

wifi.powersave = 3

to:

wifi.powersave = 2

, and then type Ctrl+o,  and Ctrl+x. Reboot the machine and check the Power Management status by typing "iwconfig" on the terminal.

Hope it helps! :D


When launcher at bottom, mouse click in DASH won't start app

My two smaller monitors were the culprit.

The first photo is how I prefer my displays, but it causes Dash to lose its mind.

The second photo shows the display configuration that allows Dash to react to the mouse clicks as normal.

I hope this helps someone out there, although I feel like I am talking to myself.  :)


Undetected Screen on my laptop since kenel 3.13.0-45

I think this bug is for the same issue:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1427646


How to delete a route by its id or something easy to type

Not knowing which Ubuntu version you are using, but ip route del should do the trick.

You also should use ip route to list the routes. Then delete the routes as follows.

root@host:~# ip route
default via 192.168.122.1 dev ens3 proto dhcp metric 101
10.0.10.0/24 dev ens10 proto kernel scope link src 10.0.10.209 metric 100
169.254.0.0/16 dev ens10 scope link metric 1000
192.168.122.0/24 dev ens3 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.122.47 metric 101

root@host:~# ip route del 10.0.10.0/24

root@host:~# ip route
default via 192.168.122.1 dev ens3 proto dhcp metric 101
169.254.0.0/16 dev ens10 scope link metric 1000
192.168.122.0/24 dev ens3 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.122.47 metric 101

If you cannot find the ip command, try to install it with apt-get install iproute2.


Clamav (ubuntu 18.04): unable to update database and start scan

Okay so I solved it. What is needed to be done is:

1) Manually download the database (daily.cvd) from their website and move it to /var/lib/clamav/.

2) After that try sudo freshclam again, if success then you are done.

3) OPTIONAL: If you get error missing file clamd.sock, then you need to create one with touch in /var/lib/clamav/ and give ownership of the file to clamav with chown. Also, in the config file /etc/clamav/clamd.conf uncomment and fix the path for LocalSocket.


To mount NFS shares we need to install nfs-common:

sudo apt-get install nfs-common

To save us from retyping this after every reboot we add the following line to /etc/fstab:

<nfs-server-IP>:/   /mnt   nfs    auto  0  0

If after mounting, the entry in /proc/mounts appears as :// (with two slashes), then you might need to specify two slashes in /etc/fstab, or else umount might complain that it cannot find the mount.

The auto option mounts on startup. However this will not work if your client uses a wifi connection managed at the user level (after login), because the network will not be available at boot time. In Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and later, wifi connections are managed at the system level by default, so auto-mounting of NFS shares at boot time should work fine

Source: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SettingUpNFSHowTo

With WIFI it's better to use Autofs:

We start by installing AutoFS:

sudo apt install autofs

We edit /etc/auto.master:

sudo nano /etc/auto.master

Content:

#
# Sample auto.master file
# This is a 'master' automounter map and it has the following format:
# mount-point [map-type[,format]:]map [options]
# For details of the format look at auto.master(5).
#
#/misc  /etc/auto.misc
#
# NOTE: mounts done from a hosts map will be mounted with the
#       "nosuid" and "nodev" options unless the "suid" and "dev"
#       options are explicitly given.
#
#/net   -hosts
#
# Include /etc/auto.master.d/*.autofs
# The included files must conform to the format of this file.
#
#+dir:/etc/auto.master.d
#
# Include central master map if it can be found using
# nsswitch sources.
#
# Note that if there are entries for /net or /misc (as
# above) in the included master map any keys that are the
# same will not be seen as the first read key seen takes
# precedence.
#
#+auto.master

/media/nfs /etc/auto.nfs --ghost

Comment out (#) "+auto.master" and "+dir:/etc/auto.master.d" and add the lines at the bottom. I spent 2hours trying to get this to work and somehow it does not work without adding the --ghost option. If someone knows why please comment. Now /media/nfs is the dir that will contain your NFS shares (you dont have to create that, autofs does that for you) and /etc/auto.nfs is the configuration file for your shares. We will make that now:

sudo nano /etc/auto.nfs

Insert shares:

Backup      10.0.1.100:/Backup
Multimedia  10.0.1.100:/Multimedia

Now Backup the the dir 10.0.1.100:/Backup will take in /media/nfs.

Restart autofs:

sudo systemctl restart autofs

That's it, enjoy your shares.


Clicking links in pdfs opened with Okular opens Abiword (instead of the default browser)

The answer by @Marius is correct. It helped me. Just a clarification.

Run kcmshell4 filetypes in a console or by Alt+F2. File Associations - KDE Control Module will open.
Search for html and select the file type text/html.
Move the application name you want to be a default for html in the "Application Preference Order" to the top.


What is GSettings and what does Unity use it for?

GSettings is an API that allows you to access key/value pairs (e.g., persistent application settings) without directly talking to the actual backend that stores that data (config files, gconf, dconf).


How to take screenshot in a TTY terminal

first install a "third party program" snapscreenshot .
Hence to install snapscreenshot,you have to manually download the latest program tar ball source and compile:

noah:~# cd /usr/local/src
noah:/usr/local/src# wget -q http://bisqwit.iki.fi/src/arch/snapscreenshot 1.0.14.3.tar.bz2
noah:/usr/local/src# tar -jxvvvf snapscreenshot-1.0.14.3.tar.bz2
…
noah:/usr/local/src# cd snapscreenshot-1.0.14.3
noah:/usr/local/src/snapscreenshot-1.0.14# ./configure && make && make install
Configuring…
Fine. Done. make.
make: Nothing to be done for `all'.
if [ ! "/usr/local/bin" = "" ];
 then mkdir –parents /usr/local/bin 2>/dev/null;
 mkdir /usr/local/bin 2>/dev/null;
for s in snapscreenshot "";
 do if [ ! "$s" = "" ];
then
install -c -s -o bin -g bin -m 755 "$s" /usr/local/bin/"$s";
fi;
done;
fi;
if [ ! "/usr/local/man" = "" ];
then mkdir –parents /usr/local/man 2>/dev/null;
 mkdir /usr/local/man 2>/dev/null;
for s in snapscreenshot.1 "";
do if [ ! "$s" = "" ];
then
install -m 644 "$s" /usr/local/man/man"`echo "$s"|sed 's/.*.//'`"/"$s";
fi;
done;
fi

By default snapscreenshot command is made to take screenshot in a tga image format, this format is readable by most picture viewing programs available today, however it is not too common and not so standartized for the web as the JPEG and PNG.
For more info check this
Also
you can use FBGrab.
FBgrab is a framebuffer screenshot program, capturing the linux frambuffer and converting it to a png-picture. FBGrab is delivered as is without any warranty and license is GPL version 2.
BUT, The last version was in 2004.
For more info about fbgrab check this


After song #6 I get the first 5 songs but in inverted order with rhythmbox

This happens when you double-click the station to load the music selection, if you select it once and wait a second for the station to deliver the song queue, you'll only get them once. I have the same issue, and patience is the only work-around I've found.


Setting the device explicitly to hw:PCH helps
Firstly, prevent pulseaudio from restarting ...
/etc/pulse/client.conf
~/.config/pulse/client.conf
~/.pulse/client.conf
Stop pulseaudio
pulseaudio --kill
In QjackCtl (graphics mode) setup ...
Set to alsa
Set hw:PCH (try all)
Set it to realtime (try both)
In the next tab set "execute script after startup" with
pacmd set-default-sink jack_out
Save and start the server now
Start pulseaudio ...
pulseaudio --start


I saw this solution here where The problem is solved by adding flags = IPv6 line to /etc/xinetd.d/echo file (but in your case it would be /etc/xinetd.d/telent:

service echo
{
    disable     = no
    type        = INTERNAL
    id      = echo-stream
    socket_type = stream
    protocol    = tcp
        flags           = IPv6
    user        = root
    wait        = no
}

service echo
{
    disable     = no
    type        = INTERNAL
    id      = echo-dgram
    socket_type = dgram
    protocol    = udp
        flags           = IPv6
    user        = root
    wait        = yes
}


Patching vulnerabilities in Ubuntu LTS releases

Packages are patched. Patches are taken mostly from upstream, sometimes they are made by Canonical.

Almost every week, sometimes more frequently Ubuntu gets security updates for some packages.


How to enable Ubuntu 14.04 Unity to show the installed applications?

To see your installed applications, Open Ubuntu Software Center :

Click on Installed , which will show you the list of all applications.

To see other installations, click on the drop-down arrow next to Installed.


Download the desired fonts and extract it to a folder. (Gujrati Shruti fonts can be downloaded from here: https://www.wfonts.com/font/shruti)

Go to your Home directory in File manager. Press Ctrl+H to show hidden files in Ubuntu. Right click to make a new folder and name it .fonts, if not available already. That dot at the beginning is important. In Linux, if you put dot ahead of the file name, it hides the file from normal view.

Copy paste all TTF or OTF files in the downloaded/extracted directory to this folder.

Its done !!


CodeBlock c++ problem: Procces returned 126 (0x7E)

since there's some time since you posted this question, you probably already found a solution, but since no one said anything about it, I'll leave this comment to help anyone who come across this problem. You should use gedit instead of nano (gedit is the default text editor for ubuntu), and this solution will only work if you use dual boot, and are trying to save/execute your code on the ntfs partition.
I'm having the same problem, but I dont have dual boot, no NTFS, my fstab have nothing of the stated stuff. =/


Looks like your aterm is configured with iso-8859-1 as charset, better make it use utf-8.


How can I have a shell for git like in Windows?

The Windows Git shell, which is really just bash, sets the prompt $PS1 to a long string that includes $(__git_ps1).

__git_ps1 is defined as a function, nearly 100 lines long, that prints the name of the current branch in parentheses.

/etc/profile (which is C:\Program Files (x86)\Git\etc\profile, at least on my system)) invokes /etc/git-completion.bash, which defines the __git_ps1 function, sets $PS1, defines some git-specific completions, among other things.

The git-completion.bash used by Git Bash appears to be based on this.


Any linux command to perform parallel decompression of tar.bz2 file?

lbzip2 and pbzip2 are the tools which you can use for parallel compression and decompression.

Usage:

lbzip2 -d <file.tar.bz2>
pbzip2 -d <file.tar.bz2>

-d option is used for decompression.

To install these packages:

lbzip2 type:

sudo apt-get install lbzip2

pbzip2 type:

sudo apt-get install pbzip2


Is it possible to install Python 3.x in 14.04 LTS, or upgrade from Python 2.7.6 to 2.7.8?

According to the package listing, Ubuntu 14.04 comes with Python 3.4 installed by default. Run python3 if you want python3.x.x (or python3.4 if you want python3.4.x).

Until most components have been migrated to Python 3, both 2.7.x and 3.x will be available on Ubuntu, with python being python2.

Python 2.7.8 isn't available in the official repositories. However, there's a PPA available: Old and New Python versions. See What are PPAs and how do I use them? to understand how to use PPAs. Also note that while the version in Ubuntu 14.04 may remain 3.4.0 for sometime, the devs will be backporting fixes from 3.4.1.


As @pomsky suggested, the issue was with the GNOME extensions. In this case, Desktop icons. Once I remove it, all was fine.

Thank you! :)


Add multiple trackers at once with Transmission Remote

Use the Edit button in Setting > Trackers and add multiple URLs, each followed by a blank line.


Ubuntu 20 on Active Directory -- wrong user and group IDs assigned

I'm going to assume you're using SSSD to integrate with Active Directory.  My guess is that the configuration of SSSD is simply different between your CentOS and Ubuntu servers.
The "end of each number" almost certainly corresponds to the RID in Active Directory.  This will generally get added to the range of a "slice" in SSSD.  This is confusing, but fairly well documented: Ubuntu Manpage: sssd-ad - SSSD Active Directory provider - id mapping.
You say "the user IDs ... do not match what is in Active Directory".  Are you actually defining uids in Active Directory or do you really mean they do not match the CentOS server?  If you are defining the values in AD, e.g. using the uidNumber attribute for uid, then you can update your sssd.conf to disable the automatic id-mapping.  The config would be something like:
ldap_id_mapping = False
ldap_schema = ad

If you want to keep the automatic mapping that I believe is happening, a potential fix is to set your AD domain as the default domain.  The default domain gets mapped to slice 0.  This can help keep the id-mapping consistent with other setups:
ldap_idmap_default_domain_sid = S-1-5-21-blahblahblah

You can set the debug_level to a high value and the logs should fairly clearly indicate how the uid is being generated.
If you change the id-mapping settings in SSSD, be sure to clear out the SSSD cache completely before testing again:
systemctl stop sssd
rm /var/lib/sss/{db,mc}/*
sss_cache -E
# optionally clear debug logs
truncate -s 0 /var/log/sssd/*.log
systemctl start sssd

You've given no information on how the various systems are joined to AD so other tools may also be in play. For example, Samba can be used to integrate with AD and uses its own id-mapping options.


Is TRIM Supported for RAID0 in Intel Matrix RAID in Ubuntu 14.04?

TRIM support was added to the device-mapper driver at some point ( that's what dmraid uses ), but I don't recall if it was in 14.04.  15.04 now uses mdadm to support intel fakeraids ( thanks to a lot of code contributed by Intel ), and I'm fairly certain that does.


testdisk is in the ubuntu repositories

sudo apt-get install testdisk

Installing from the repositories is the prefered method.

You may need to enable the universe repository.

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu

and https://help.ubuntu.com/community/InstallingSoftware


I modified the permissions of /var what have I broken?

Chown it back to root. Then ask the httpd question elsewhere.


Run and kill a bash program at a scheduled time

The simplest but, far from elegant, way to do that is writing a small process monitor.

Let's say your monitor is named monitor.sh, write this inside it:

#!/bin/bash

# Runs your runme.sh in background
/location/of/your/runme.sh &

# Gets the PID of runme.sh
RUN_ME_PID=$!

# Sleeps how much time you need:
sleep 8h

# Kills the process:
kill -9 $RUN_ME_PID

Since it is a scheduled job, use cron to start it for you:

Append this in the end of /etc/crontab (as root):

# m h dom mon dow user  command
 00 10 *   *  1-4 tina  /location/of/your/monitor.sh > /your/output.log

Do the same for your friday batch, but change your monitor.sh for your needs.

Don't forget to mark monitor.sh as an executable:

$ chmod +x monitor.sh

For more information, check cron man-pages or some useful examples here


Windows wont boot after installing ubuntu

When dual booting Windows, if you hibernate windows instead of fully shutting it down or fast startup is on (which may be the default for Windows 10) you won't be able to mount the partition in Ubuntu. Based on the output of ntfsfix this may be what has happened here and what is stopping Ubuntu from being able to add it to the grub.

This accepted answer to this question (Unable to mount Windows (NTFS) filesystem due to hibernation) mentions a few ways of mounting a hibernated windows partition from Ubuntu. Doing this may let update-grub add windows to your startup menu.


wired connection detected but no internet access in ubuntu 14.04 lts

There are few steps you should follow while debugging internet connectivity
I assume you use DHCP and NetworkManager for configuration.

1) Check if you have IP address assigned
Open terminal end enter

ifconfig

If you see something like this containing inet addr than it is ok

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:23:74:3d:92:90
          inet addr:192.168.1.2  Bcast:192.168.1.15  Mask:255.255.255.240

2) Check if you have default gateway assigned. Open terminal and enter

netstat -r

If you see similar output containg line beginning with default than it is ok

Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
default         192.168.1.1     0.0.0.0         UG        0 0          0 eth0

3) Check if you can ping default gateway. Open terminal and enter

 ping 192.168.1.1

where 192.168.1.1 should be replaced with adress you see in nestat -r output

You should see something like this

PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.265 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.235 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=0.221 ms

4) Check if you have DNS server assigned. Open terminal and enter

cat /etc/resolv.conf

You should see at least one line containing word nameserver

nameserver 8.8.8.8

5) Check if you can ping DNS server. Open terminal and enter

 ping 8.8.8.8

where 8.8.8.8 should be replaced with address you see in cat /etc/resolv.conf output

You should see something like this

PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_req=1 ttl=48 time=25.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_req=2 ttl=48 time=26.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_req=3 ttl=48 time=24.9 ms

6) Check if you can resolve DNS names. Open terminal and enter

host www.google.pl

You should see something like this

www.google.pl has address 216.58.209.67

If any of the steps fails than it needs further investigation.


How to access a Bash array from a separate, non-child Bash script?

Yes, as far as your scenario is concerned source-ing is the only way to get that array from script into another non-related shell session. It is also the only way to get a parameter from a script on the current shell session as executing a script will spawn a subshell.

As a workaround for not sourcing on the fly, you can keep the array in every interactive shell session's environment by putting it in ~/.bashrc, this obviously means that you need to source that script at start. So all in all, if you want the array, your only option is source-ing sooner or later.


Accessing other partition from the command-line immediately on startup

This is because your Windows partition is not mounted automatically when you started your Ubuntu. It is only mounted when you clicked on that drive in Nautilus. Trying this guide -> AutomaticallyMountPartitions | Ubuntu Community Help Wiki to mount your Windows partition during startup.


How to disable a touchpad on an Acer Travelmate 6492?

You could use Jupiter power management applet until you find a solution to the problem. You can get it from the webupd8 blogs personal ppa. It has the ability to disable your touchpad. Or there is the touchpad-indicator by Lorenzo Carbonell you need to add his ppa to install.

Touchpad-indicator

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lorenzo-carbonell/atareao
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install touchpad-indicator

Jupiter tray applet

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/jupiter
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install jupiter

hope this helps in the meantime.


Uninstall Ubuntu Dock

Open the terminal and run these commands:

$ sudo apt-get remove gnome-shell-extension-ubuntu-dock

$ rm -rf ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dash-to-dock@micxgx.gmail.com

Reboot.

Install Dash to Dock

Go to https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/307/dash-to-dock/ and install the extension by clicking on the On/Off button. You might need to install Firefox or Chrome GNOME extensions plugin


If you got it from someone else, the safest (and probably easiest, especially if it is a old version) thing to do is reinstall.

You can download a new version from here, make a installation media (either DVD or USB) and install it using the instructions here – there is also this question here on how you can install Ubuntu. When prompted, you can choose to wip the disk and install Ubuntu. There is potential that existing software on the device has been made malicious/broken, so you want to be sure you have cleared the data on it, so reinstalling probably is best

Alternatively, you need to delete files not provided by packages (everything in the home directories, and occasionally some files elsewhere), and reinstall nearly every system package (which downloads ALOT - almost as much as a new disk image - it also likely will take longer to process).


How to get saves and progress from one machine to another Battle for Wesnoth?

In linux, all your userdata is stored in you home, e. g. /home/user.  It's explained : here.
For BfW, there is an entry in the wiki.
I guess, if you copy ~/.local/share/wesnoth/, it should work.


Loginable users must have a valid hashed password.  Look at the second field (delimited by colons :) in the /etc/shadow file and the hashes are big, 60+ characters.  The fields with just an * or a ! cannot be login users.  Amusingly, the uuid check is improperly used on libvirt-qemu (64055 uuid), so it shows up on the login screen, even though it does not have a valid hash, and cannot be used as a login name.
Produce the login list with:

sudo egrep -v ":\*:|:\!:" /etc/shadow


I'd struggled with this problem during two weeks. I'm using desktop and ati 5770.

Opensource 'radeon' driver has some power management feature via adjusting gpu clock, but it didn't works very well.

Here is good article about radeon and fglrx power management.

The Current State Of Radeon Power Management

This is my alias for opensource radeon power management.

# radeon gpu power management
alias profilepm='sudo bash -c "echo profile > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_method"'
alias auto='profilepm && sudo bash -c "echo auto > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_profile"'
alias low='profilepm && sudo bash -c "echo low > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_profile"'
alias mid='profilepm && sudo bash -c "echo mid > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_profile"'
alias high='profilepm && sudo bash -c "echo high > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_profile"'
alias dynpm='sudo bash -c "echo dynpm > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_method"'
alias gpu="sudo cat /sys/kernel/debug/dri/0/radeon_pm_info /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_method"

First select default method.

profilepm for manual clock setting
dynpm for ondemand clock setting. But it just change between mid and high. Never going to low. At least to me.

If you select profilepm, select clock manually.

low
mid
high
auto

I never tried auto. But sounds like good for laptop.

Quote from X.org radeon wiki article,

  "auto" selects between "mid" and "high" power states based on the whether the system is on battery power or not. The "low" power state are selected when the monitors are in the dpms off state.

Use 'gpu' command show current method and clock.

All about these settings are from here,

KMS Power Management Options

I used to 'low' in 11.10 but little bit sluggish when many firefox tabs and windows open. After jump to 12.04, I'm using unity and 'fglrx-updates' driver. It works quite well.

If you good with these settings, save them for reboot.

Install sysfsutils package then add rule to /etc/sysfs.conf file.

class/drm/card0/device/power_method = (profile or dynpm)
class/drm/card0/device/power_profile = (select between auto, low, mid, high if u choose 'profile' method)

You can remove second line If u select 'dynpm'


Try this:

open terminal
Run command:

sudo apt-get install plasma-discover

And this will work because I was also facing the same issue.

Actually this command will overwrite the dependency of Discover and if there is any missing dependency then this command will add them to fix the problem for fetching and installing apps or to update them.

I am using Kubuntu 19.10


Why is LibreOffice so slow when used in Ubuntu 16.04?

To avoid slow User Interface update, a workaround is to:

Remove packages: libreoffice-gnome and libreoffice-gtk and
libreoffice-gtk3.
Restart (Close and Open) LibreOffice.

After this, LibreOffice User Interface is being updated fast. But, when (main) window is resized, sometimes it becomes messy. So, avoid any unnecessary resizes (resizings), keep (main) window in full size.

It seems to be a GTK port only issue.

Workaround was tested with LibreOffice 5.1.3.2 and Ubuntu 16.04 64 bit.
Issue was fixed in LibreOffice 5.1.4.2.


How to detect and implement wireless drivers on Gateway MX6446 Laptop?

Your Broadcom device requires non-free firmware to work correctly. If you followed the instructions you linked and installed firmware-b43-installer and rebooted, your wireless should be working. If it is not, I suggest you check the wireless switch or key combination. You can see if the device is being turned off by the switch with:

rfkill list all

If there is no hard- or soft-block, check the logs for clues; first load the driver and look for any errors or warnings:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo modprobe b43
dmesg | grep -e wlan -e b43

Once I have more information, I will edit this answer to suggest a solution.


Did you try $cd /home/aegono/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages ?


Unrecognized mount option "x-gvfs-show" or missing value

Short version:

You're not using the parameter as it was designed.  Use comment=x-gvfs-show instead of x-gvfs-show...

Long version:

Don't use the GUI but edit your fstab manually by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T to go to a terminal and typing:

sudo nano /etc/fstab

find the offending line that shows x-gvfs-show and type comment= in front of it
Ctrl+X
Save
Yes
reload all entries in fstab:

mount -a

(Or if you just moved over from Windows: don't type mount -a and just reboot for old times' sake)  ;-)


Prevent users from accessing "System Settings"

Changing permissions to 700 for /usr/bin/gnome-control-center would help you restrict the normal users gain access.
However that goes out for all the settings, and users wont be able to set other settings like the display or keyboard.

Another good way is to define user group and change the ownership of gnome-control-center  to those groups. and then add the permissible user to the group. the full description is here.

We have done is created groups with certain admin privileges and managed centrally using/etc/sudoers where in entries are whitelisted and provided on need basis.
For example:
Including the line :

$admin=ALL=(ALL) ALL `!/usr/bin/gnome-control-center`


Can't install the Broadcam STA Wireless driver

Click the gear/power icon at the upper-right corner of the screen, and click System Settings.... This brings up the System Settings window (also called the GNOME Control Center). Under Hardware, click Additional Drivers. A dialog box will come up that says "Searching for additional drivers..." and then the Additional Drivers window will come up to suggest drivers you can install for hardware on your machine.

If you have a Broadcom b43 wireless chipset and you don't see the Broadcom STA driver there, or you do see it there but, when you enable it, it doesn't work, then (if applicable) go back into Additional Drivers and disable the Broadcom STA driver, and then install firmware-b43-installer as described here (or in the Software Center).

If you're running a version of Ubuntu prior to 11.04, then Additional Drivers is accessed in System > Administration (from the menus in the top panel, near the left of the top of the screen).

If you're running a version of Ubuntu prior to 10.10, then b43-fwcutter should be installed instead of firmware-b43-installer.


Installing Ubuntu Desktop to Windows. Downloaded file from website, can't get it to run

(Adding as an answer, because to long for a comment): "Will I always need the USB plugged into the computer to run it?"

Once Ubuntu is properly installed on a bootable USB (note: this replaces everything else on the USB drive!), then you can (1) run Ubuntu directly from the USB (the USB is the main "hard drive", instead of Windows), and then optionally (2) install Ubuntu onto your computer. With just the first option, you can play around with Ubuntu as if it were installed, and see if it works on your hardware, without actually installing anything. But before actually using it for real work (or play!), then you must "install" Ubuntu. You can do this while Ubuntu is running off the USB -- there's an icon on the desktop that will say "Install Ubuntu" (see linked tutorial). On the next reboot, you can choose either Windows or Ubuntu to run (they won't be running at the same time!). This is what's referred to as a "dual boot" configuration, and is most useful if you want to use Ubuntu as your main OS and rarely use Windows. If you just occasionally want to run some Linux program (like Jupyter notebook or such), then it may be preferable to run docker or Ubuntu in a Virtual Machine (VM) -- the simpler option to start would be to install Ubuntu on Virtual Box for Windows. In fact, running Ubuntu in a VM may be a good first exercise before setting up a dual boot configuration. In any case, be sure to fully back up your Windows PC before starting anything (not just your files, but rather create a full system backup).


External Hard Disk Drive: "Waiting for "TOSHIBA EXT" to become connected" (Ubuntu 18)

I discovered the solution: using Ubuntu 18:
1. Connect the EDD (via USB);
2. Open "Disks" and select the EDD - making sure it is the EDD you want - and not your (internal hard drive!);
3. Make sure it is mounted;
4. Select the gears icon and then "Format Partition"
5. Used following parameters for format (under 'Partition Type'): W95 FAT32 (LBA) (Bootable)  /  'Contents': FAT (32-bit version)

And that did the trick.

I only had one sector / partition - I suppose if you had more than one, you should erase all of them before beginning the formatting process.


Your old driver is probably not compatible on 14.04.
You should try reinstalling or revert to the radeon drivers.

Follow the instructions on the cchtml.com wiki:
http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Ubuntu_Trusty_Installation_Guide


How can I change labels created with build_menu_from_desktop() in pythons appindicator module?

This question is partially answered in

Is there a detailed API documentation on the python binding for appindicator?

The answer is: loading the gtk desktop file produces a GtkMenus object somewhere which you should be able to get the gtk menu object out of by looking at it's children.

I can't find good documentation for what the build_menu_from_desktop returns, if you can't investigate the code manually to find the answer then hunt down Ted Gould who will be able to answer it. Finding the Gtk objects is the answer though.

Otherwise follow the advice for Ted in the question above, you shouldn't be using the convenience function, instead you should be building the menus manually or loading a glade file if you want the menu entries to be separated into another file. (don't forget to tie methods to their click events in that case)


Startup programs in particular workspace

Devil's pie enable to open the application in a particular workspace.

[Install]

following command:

sudo apt-get install devilspie gdevilspie

gdevilspie is GUI based configure tool.

[How to use]

For example, to open firefox in the workspace 2.

mkidr ~/.devilspie
gedit firefox.ds

Following code Cut & Paste into editor,And Save.

; generated_rule firefox
(if
 (is ( application_name ) "Firefox" )
 ( set_workspace 2 )
)

Start or Restart devilspie.(In most cases, Devilspie registers to auto-start)

Detailed usage of Devil's pie is follow links:

http://www.webupd8.org/2011/02/how-to-start-applications-minimized.html

http://www.foosel.org/linux/devilspie

http://live.gnome.org/DevilsPie

Devil's pie may be useful for your ask of Fixed width and height for new opened folder/file.

EDIT: Sorry, "Set workspace" is not working in Compiz but working in gnome-shell.

  I don't use compiz here - but I think the plugin you can use to
  achieve opening apps in specific windows is Place_windows or
  window_rules.

  Whether that will conflict with unity is something that I can't
  comment on at present.

What he say is correct.

If you use Compiz in ubuntu session, you should use Place windows plugin like as following link. but Place windows plugin conflict with unity.

https://blog.so-net.ne.jp/_images/blog/_7b2/ankyo/SS-ccsm-plase-window.JPG

The above screenshot, I enable the Place Windows plugin in a special way to avoid conflicts.


If you want to change the Document fonts, you don't need any other tools. just open the system settings, go to Text Entry and there you can change the Font family and the font size. the left bottom corner.

To change system fonts you need unity-tweak-tool
sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

Open fonts from appearance tab and choose what you want

Another Option to use
you can also use gnome-tweak-tool:
sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

Go to Fonts tab on the left panel then choose what font to change


What software can I use to convert images to other formats?

ImageMagick

If you want the command-line option, go with ImageMagick

Install with sudo apt-get install imagemagick

Usage

Most operations will use the convert command. To convert an image into another format, you essentially rename your image with the desired file extension.

convert image1.png image1.jpg

To resize images, use the -resize option.

convert image1.png -resize 200×100 image1.png

Note that when using -resize, ImageMagick will preserve the image's aspect ratio and fit it into an image with the specified dimensions. To force an image to a particular size, append an ! to the dimensions.

convert image1.png -resize 200×100! image1.png

Rotate images with the -rotate option, using degrees. The following command would rotate an image 90 degrees.

convert image1.jpg -rotate 90 image1-rotated.jpg

Since this is a command-line tool, you can take advantage of Bash and perform bulk operations. The following command would take all PNG files in the current directory, rotate them, and save a new copy of each with “-rotated” added to the beginning of each file name.

for file in *.png; do convert $file -rotate 90 rotated-$file; done

During any given operation, if the name of your output image is the same as the input image, the operation will overwrite the original image. Otherwise a new image will be created.

You can find more complete documentation here on the ImageMagick website.

Limitations

  Convert an entire PDF file to a bunch images
  Extract an image from a Windows .ico file

I am unsure if these operations are possible.

  Convert images to DPX, EXR, GIF, JPEG, JPEG-2000, PDF, PhotoCD, PNG, Postscript, SVG, TIFF, and other formats

I am unsure if all those file formats are supported by ImageMagick

Answer source


The answer here - How to correctly install Compiz on Xfce 4.12? in combination with unlocking the dpkg directory (https://www.tecmint.com/fix-unable-to-lock-the-administration-directory-var-lib-dpkg-lock/) solved this for me if anyone is having the same issue.


Videos Downloading problem with MultiGet

MultiGet likely does not support downloading YouTube streams (tested with version 1.2.0). If you specifically want to download videos from YouTube, there are several other ways such as youtube-dl, ytd-gtk and many web browser extensions.

See this question for other YouTube downloading solutions: How do I download a YouTube video?


Do I Need Linux Drivers For Virtual Box?

The short answer is no, you don't need extra drivers for Virtual Box.

The Virtual Box (or any any virtual machine software) creates a virtual computer with virtual hardware that are completely compatible with Linux. This means the virtual computer will have the same virtual graphics card irrespective of the actual graphics card in your computer. In theory, you should be able to copy your virtual installation of Ubuntu into another computer with a completely different graphics card and run is there, after installing the virtual machine software there.

In your case, inside the Virtual Box, there is no Mobility Radeon HD 4250 and 5470. These cards don't exist in the virtual world. Only the virtual card virtually manufactured by Virtual Box is there. This virtual card has open source Linux drivers. So when you install Ubuntu inside the Virtual Box, it only sees the virtual card. Ubuntu won't install the FGLRX driver which is for AMD Radeon cards as it can't see the AMD cards that are there in the real PC, but does not exist in the virtual PC.

The downside of using a virtual machine is that you won't be able to use the full capability of your graphics card inside the virtual machine. The virtual graphics card inside the virtual machine is likely to be less capable.

Hope this helps.


Installing 16.04 on Lenovo Yoga 900 with nvme drive

At this point in time, it is not possible to install Linux on this machine. There is a very instructive thread on Lenovo's forum:

https://forums.lenovo.com/t5/Linux-Discussion/Yoga-900-13ISK2-BIOS-update-for-setting-RAID-mode-for-missing/m-p/3339206/highlight/true#M7814

tl;dr: until Lenovo provides a BIO setup to disable the RAID, Linux cannot be installed. Lenovo said it might do it but no hard commitment.


How can I print multiline output on the same line?

You can remove all occurrences of characters from a given set with tr -d. To remove the newline character use:

tr -d '\n'

As always you can use input and output redirection and pipes to read from or write to files and other processes.

If you want to keep the last newline you can simply add it back with echo or printf '\n', e. g.:

cat file1 file2... | { tr -d '\n'; echo; } > output.txt


Sidebar and dash missing - I can't find the tilde button

~ means your home directory. So you can use full path to your home directory (i.e. /home/YOUR_USERNAME ) in place of ~.

Also (from Shift+" produces @) it sounds like you have (inadvertently) switched to English UK keyboard layout or something similar. Try Shift+\ for ~. Or switch to English US or something similar.