Why does my laptop give a loud beep everytime I unplug from AC power?

To remove the PC speaker driver type sudo rmmod pcspkr to add it again sudo modprobe pcspkr.

In Addition try System -> Preferences -> Sound and select the System Beep tab. Then de-select the system beep.


I get an 'access denied message when I try to place a file within it however.

The correct order is:

Format the partition and set a mountpoint. "Path: /dev/nvme1n1p1" is not the mountpoint, it is an actual name you provided at the formatting settings.
Optional: add the device to /etc/fstab. Otherwise you will need to mount it manually
Change the user and owner. from command line:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /mountpoint

The last one is to make you the owner. If you have more users change the 2nd $USER to the group those users belong to.


Libreoffice Writer start automatically after login. Ubuntu 15.04, after installing Lubuntu desktop

I don't know why this happens but I know how to solve it. Install lxsession-edit

sudo apt-get install lxsession-edit

run lxsession-edit

Uncheck "Chat". Hope it helps :)


Why do my HTML5 sites on Firefox not work?

Without installing anything, H.264 and MSE & H.264 started working by itself. This means that the videos that previously did not work now work.

No idea how or why this updated, but happy with the results!


Openshot distorted line on the right side after exporting

schauveau @ https://github.com/OpenShot/openshot-qt/issues/2053 precipitated my suspicion that it may be a combination of issues; I DO NOT KNOW as I haven't tested all of them, but I suspect it may be the width of the video not being divisible by 8 (e.g. 1280 yes, 1366 not) 1366 x 768 screens may be the root cause of the issue as well as the screen recorder.
It worked fine for me when using Simple Screen Recorder, I simply (pun intended) selected "Record a fixed rectangle" and changed the width to 1360 (divisible by 8) as opposed to 1366.

As schauveau stated, it appears that the last six pixels are the issue.

That was it.  Never use a preposition to end a sentence with.


Keyboard and mouse not responding after fresh OS install (14.04)

Since your keyboard appears to work at boot here's what I suggest: (i) send your system into recovery mode from the GNU GRUB menu, (ii) drop to a root shell prompt, and finally, (iii) issue a command to reinstall / install input device drivers. This should help you gain keyboard and mouse access for accessing the Ubuntu desktop.

Let's start by booting into recovery mode.

Follow the below instructions which I've grabbed from the Ubuntu Wiki Recovery Mode page:

  Switch on your computer.
  Wait until the BIOS has finished loading, or has almost finished. (During this time you will probably see a logo of your computer manufacturer.)
  Quickly press and hold the  Shift  key, which will bring up the GNU GRUB menu. (If you see the Ubuntu logo, you've missed the point where you can enter the GRUB menu.)
  Select the line which starts with "Advanced options".
  Select the line ending with "(recovery mode)", probably the second line, something like: Ubuntu GNU/Linux, with Linux 3.8.0-26-generic (recovery mode)
  Press  Return  and your machine will begin the boot process.
  After a few moments, your workstation should display a menu with a number of options. One of the options (you may need to scroll down to the bottom of the list) will be "Drop to root shell prompt". Press  Return  with this option highlighted.

You should now be at the root shell prompt.

There's a semi-related Ask Ubuntu question about the keyboard and mouse locking after suspend. I believe this question's accepted answer to reinstall or install input device drivers should help resolve the issue.

From the shell prompt type the following:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-all

In case that doesn't work, try:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall xserver-xorg-input-all

Once the command completes, reboot your system:

sudo reboot now

If all went well you should now be able to access the Ubuntu desktop with your input devices.


Try to install gnome-tweak-tool via terminal:

  sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

Then start it with

  gnome-tweak-tool

on terminal and go to font settings.
Set the fonts to "Ubuntu" with font size "11" and for window titles "Ubuntu Bold".

By the way: What you describe should be a bug, but with this workaround you can get your fonts set to default.


Unable to install GRUB, Running 'grub-install --force failed

I think that your file system is not so good.

So I suggest you check your file system via using following command.

sudo fsck.vfat -a /dev/sda2

When /dev/sda2 is mounted, you must unmount it with following command before use fsck.vfat command.

sudo umount /dev/sda2


run sudo apt-get remove oracle-java9-installer


BIOS/GRUB is unable to detect external hard disk drive

Due to the limitations of some BIOS, external hard drives are unable to be detected. A work around is to use USB drive to load GRUB which then run configfile of grub.cfg inside external hard drive. However GRUB uses data from BIOS to get the list of devices, thus external hard drive is still not visible. The solution is to use GRUB native driver to look for the external driver.

https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub/html_node/nativedisk.html#nativedisk

Switch from firmware disk drivers to native ones.

Using nativedisk, all your USB devices will be detected by GRUB using GRUB's own drivers instead of data from BIOS. Once this is done, you can use ls normally inside the grub> console and all of your USB devices will be listed. By listing each device one by one, you then find the root of Linux installation, boot folder, grub folder, and grub.cfg. eg: ls (hd1,msdos2)/boot/grub/ output: grub.cfg

https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub/html_node/configfile.html#configfile

Load file as a configuration file. If file defines any menu entries,
then show a menu containing them immediately. Any environment variable
changes made by the commands in file will not be preserved after
configfile returns.

Using the command configfile, we will load the grub.cfg inside the external drive to boot to it. eg: configfile (hd1,msdos2)/boot/grub/grub.cfg
The grub.cfg in the USB drive can then be modified to run nativedisk and configfile (hd1,msdos2)/boot/grub/grub.cfg automatically without user input.
Example grub.cfg to put inside USB Grub Rescue
nativedisk
configfile (hd1,msdos2)/boot/grub/grub.cfg


How to install poppler >= 0.73 on ubuntu 20.04 (any change since 18.04?)

At first you need to remove self-compiled deb-package of Poppler named build:

sudo apt-get purge build

To install actual version of Poppler use package from repository:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libpoppler-dev

And at next time - start from repository, build packages only if they are not available in the repositories. More detailed explanation is here.


Windows vs Linux/Ubuntu when it comes to Videos

Adobe removed support for Linux version of flash long time ago, the newest version for Linux that you can have is 11.22.577 , while Windows is already on 21. So it could be that the site your friend visits requires newer version.

It is suggested to try alternatives to Adobe flash. Pepper flash that comes with google chrome should be supported and up to date. Note however that Google Chrome has only 64 bit version for Linux and 32 bit support has been removed as of recently.  HTML 5 is another alternative one could consider.


how to type in indic language from English US keyboard

Selecting a font is not enough. You need to have a proper input method also (keyboard layout).

Here is what you do: Dash - System Settings - Keyboard Layout - Layouts - Add (A small plus sign at the bottom left).

Add the one you are comfortable with.

Now, start Libreoffice, switch the keyboard layout (using the bar at the top in Gnome Shell) and you are ready to go.


Defining Static IP addresses for Multiple NIC adapters

The simple way, just duplicate another stanza like you have right now for your eth0, but call it eth1.  Note, this assumes your cards are named 'eth0' and 'eth1' reliably:

    # <<Existing config from question goes here>>
    eth1:
      # Note, "dhcp4/6: no" not needed
      addresses: [192.168.20.10/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.20.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [192.168.20.1,192.168.20.252]

Complete Example:

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# For more information, see netplan(5).
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      # Note, "dhcp4/6: no" not needed
      addresses: [192.168.10.254/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.10.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [192.168.10.1,192.168.10.252]
    eth1:
      # Note, "dhcp4/6: no" not needed
      addresses: [192.168.20.10/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.20.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [192.168.20.1,192.168.20.252]

If you find that your cards /dev/<ifname> gives you fits, you can also match the stanza on mac address, or other properties.  Adding something like the following under the correct device stanza will help.  See netplan(5) for more information:

  match:
    macaddress: 00:11:22:33:44:55


How do i get someone from Canonical to contact me or contact them?

There are many ways to contact members of Canonical.
As you are are contacting people on the business level,
you of course need to have some reasonable approach.

One of them is to use the Launchpad platform.
Once signed in you can see the mail addresses.
Write a mail to the person you want to talk to.

My personal experiences are quite positive.
I received a response within the same day.
And that happened more than one time.

Another way is to contact via websites.
Leave a comment and wait for a reply.
But in this case you have to be patient.

Here is an example of the websites :
Dustin Kirkland | Mark Shuttleworth
(Ubuntu Product and Strategy team)


Try GParted (GParted is also available in the standard Ubuntu live ISO: just run sudo gparted )

Note that resizing a system partition always has some risks: I used this (and similar) many times successfully, accidentally erased a drive once, so take a full system backup before proceeding

The process is "make sure there's enough free space on the Windows partition, then resize it to the smaller size" - GParted will move data around, but will refuse to operate on a full partition. After you're done with that, you should have some space in which you can put your Linux partition(s).


Verifying that this old ubuntu (16.04.6) ISO is official

For how to use verify using gpg & sha256, please see https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-how-to-verify-ubuntu

(also note there is not a single ISO, there are desktop, server, network alternate... let alone different architectures..)

You can browse downloads at  http://releases.ubuntu.com/16.04.6/
Or if you just want to grab the sha256sums (for x86, x86_64, server, desktop) http://releases.ubuntu.com/16.04.6/SHA256SUMS


I can't read a USB HDD in my Ubuntu 14.04 VM (VirtualBox 4.3, Windows 7 host)

Same problem. I solved it connecting the hard disk to a USB 2.0 port (my computer have both: USB 3.0 and USB 2.0 ports). Probably much slower data transfer but I can live with that. Regards.


Can't get to Grub (UEFI) on Sony VAIO Ubuntu 15.04 Dual Boot

Many Sonys have cruddy firmware (EFIs) that refuse to launch anything but the Windows boot manager -- that is, EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi. The only workaround I know of is to replace that file with GRUB (or, if Secure Boot is active, with Shim, with GRUB stored in its normal filename in the EFI/Microsoft/Boot directory). The Boot Repair program can do this automatically, but you must enter the Advanced menu and select the appropriate option, which is called something like "back up and replace boot files" (I don't recall the precise wording).

Another thing you might try is replacing the stock Windows installation with a fresh install from retail (not OEM) disks. See here for information on how to obtain various Windows installation media legally. The point of this procedure is to remove the manufacturer-specific cruft that infests most computers and that can add an extra layer of complexity to the boot process.

The most radical solution is to re-install everything in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, bypassing EFI-mode booting. The limitations in the Sony apply to EFI mode only, so a BIOS-mode boot should bypass these problems; however, such a conversion would be tricky to carry out without a full re-install, and even with a re-install, there will be problems. See my page on CSM issues for details.

I know you say you've tried much of this and it hasn't worked. Unfortunately, your problem is that you've got a defective computer. If you hadn't had it for so long, I'd suggest you return it to the store for a refund, but I doubt if they'd take it back after two years.


Generally speaking, you shouldn't lose anything if you upgrade. Make a backup beforehand, though!
See the guide here on how to upgrade. You're going to have to do it step-by-step (9.10->10.04...).


Please have a look at update-java-alternatives.


Perhaps you have a broken install? In this case, reinstalling the package with apt should solve the problem. Or maybe you could run sudo apt install -f to fix packages? It looks like of the shared library (or modules) are missing.


How I can know that a Ubuntu ISO was created using a Live CD customization tool?

I'd suggest checking the SHA256 sum for the .iso you have vs the official ones.

Download the SHA256SUMS file from the respective release page here: http://releases.ubuntu.com/
Ensure that the iso you want to verify matches the file name of the iso you believe it could be from (one of the filenames in SHA256SUMS).
Ensure that the downloaded SHA256SUMS file and the iso are in the same folder.
Execute these commands in a terminal:

cd <PATH TO THE FOLDER>
sha256sum -c ./SHA256SUMS | grep OK

If it prints the file name then OK, it is an official iso otherwise it has been changed.


Attempting to re-install postgres fails due to rabbitmq

It turns out that rabbitmq-server could not start up because it couldn't resolve the hostname, so adding the appropriate line to /etc/hosts fixed it:

127.0.1.1 hostname.example.com hostname

I'm still not exactly sure what triggers the rabbit service start command after postgres installs.


optimum slice size for backing up data to DVD

According to the Wikipedia article,

  It is, however, possible to circumvent this limitation by using the multi-extent (fragmentation) feature of ISO 9660 Level 3 and create ISO 9660 filesystems and single files up to 8 TB. With this, files larger than 4 GB can be split up into multiple extents (sequential series of sectors), each not exceeding the 4 GB limit. For example, the free software such as InfraRecorder and mkisofs as well as Roxio Toast are able to create ISO 9660 filesystems that use multi-extent files to store files larger than 4 GB on appropriate media such as recordable DVDs.

So a slice can be as large as a DVD (about 4.3 GB binary for a single-layer disc).

Limited file size

If, for whatever reason, you need to limit the file size to no more than max_file_size and the disk holds disk_size, make your slice size the largest disk_size / s less than max_file_size, where s is an integer. That way, you can fit s slices on the disk exactly (ignoring round-off error), wasting no space. For disk_size ≈ 4.3 GB and max_file_size = 1 GB, you could then make each slice 880 MB, fitting 5 slices per disc.


What can I do in order to change the ".33" value into "0.33"?

a=1
b=3
printf -v solution "%.2f" $(bc -l <<< "$a / $b")
echo $solution

Output:

0.33

If $a and $b are always integers and you are looking for bash only solution
to divide two integers: Then you might be interested in this.


Move the whole installed files to another partition

A1: no, it's not possible. The paths are fixed.

A2: if you want to move files to another partition, you'll need to use a Live CD. Please consider resizing partitions first which is much easier and less error-prone. This is only possible if you've enough space on one disk. Consider moving your /home folder as described here too, 8GB should be enough for / in most cases. If you want to use a second disk as root partition or wish to create a new partition on the current disk, please continue.

Make a backup (preferably with disk-cloning software like Clonezilla).
Boot into the Live CD, do not mount anything
Create a new partition using the Disk Utility or GParted. This partition must support Linux file permissions. Such a filesystem is ext4. Label it "UbuntuRoot" so you can find the partition easier, otherwise you'll have to remember the partition name (e.g. /dev/sdb1)
Open a terminal and run sudo blkid to get the UUID for your newly created partition. Example output, you'll need the last line:

/dev/sda1: LABEL="HDD" UUID="AD078BC9C024FCDD" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda2: LABEL="DATA" UUID="FDE43758913E70EE" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda3: UUID="a88638ae-3cd3-45c0-ad06-2d56d89b19a0" TYPE="swap"
/dev/sda4: UUID="e3f848cb-5a05-4d2d-92e0-3eaf7b27338c" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="UbuntuRoot" UUID="1cdfadcf-0969-48ba-96a5-42557c23f8e9" TYPE="ext4"

Mount your old root partition (/dev/sdb1 is your newly created partition, /dev/sda4 was your old partition):

sudo mkdir /media/old
sudo mount /dev/sda4 /media/old
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt

Copy over the files (this may take a while):

sudo cp -prvT /media/old /mnt

Update /mnt/etc/fstab with the new UUID. Pick an editor at your choice:

sudo nano /mnt/etc/fstab
gksu gedit /mnt/etc/fstab

Find the line that looks like and replace the UUID of /dev/sda4 with the /dev/sdb1's UUID:

# / was on /dev/sda4 during installation
UUID=e3f848cb-5a05-4d2d-92e0-3eaf7b27338c /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1

Save /mnt/etc/fstab and exit the editor. Next, GRUB needs to be updated to boot from the new disk and partition.

sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdb

Unmount the partitions to finish it:

sudo umount /mnt /media/old

Reboot to check the result.


How do I enable all touchpad features using the Alps driver on a Dell N5110?

You really have two questions that you're asking. One is how to get Ubuntu to correctly recognize your touchpad, and the other is how to add the keybinding.

I don't know how to add the Fn+F3 keybinding to disable the touchpad. Is Fn+F3 a standard multimedia keystroke on your computer designed to disable the touchpad? If so, then you likely will not have to add any extra keybindings to get it to work once Ubuntu recognizes your touchpad correctly. Basically, Ubuntu likely correctly recognizes that you want to disable the touchpad, but, since it thinks that your touchpad is a mouse, sees no touchpads to disable.

One possible solution - upgrade to Ubuntu 14.04. The N5110's are fairly new computers, and as such, some of the hardware isn't necessarily supported by older kernel versions. I'm personally running Ubuntu 14.04 on a Dell Inspiron i3531, and that was initially very frustrating - only kernel version 3.13.0-32 and higher correctly supports the touchpad, and 14.04 came with version 3.13.0-25.

For what it is worth, Ubuntu 14.04 just had its first point release, so it's stable right out of the box with very few bugs. It's also not radically different than 12.04. And if your reason for not upgrading has to do with the commercialization, then install the unity tweak tool - you can get rid of all of the Unity web integration.


Do iptables rules I put in place on my admin account carry over to a newly created standard user account?

If you are asking if you add an iptable rule as root do affect other users, then YES. Iptables are kernel thing so it is the lower level of rules. For example if you are using firewall like CSF and you ban/drop/deny specific ip, the program (CSF) will just translate your ban to an iptables rule and the kernel will start to drop packages from that IP.


Problem launching eclipse in Ubuntu 16.04

Upon review of your eclipse.ini file it seems that we haven't specified a specific Java Virtual Machine to run eclipse on. This is appears to be a common stumbling block. Let's remove the uncertainty by explicitly stating which VM to use by placing the -vm argument in your eclipse.ini

It's always a good idea to make a backup if you aren't entirely certain what you are doing, so from the directory containing your eclipse.ini make a copy with cp eclipse.ini ~/Documents/eclipse.bak which will place a backup in your Documents directory.

Locate the version of java you intend to launch this may help and if the results are confusing this post should help provide clarity. Don't skim, read both the accepted and highest rated answers

Specify the full path to the vm your trying to launch.

Example your path is likely different:

-vm
/opt/sun-jdk-1.6.0.02/bin/java

Place the appropriate lines for your installation directly before the -vmargs line as shown in the Specifying the JVM section here

Sources:

https://wiki.eclipse.org/Eclipse.ini

https://superuser.com/questions/357234/how-to-know-the-jvm-path-in-a-linux-system

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19467761/which-java-in-centos-prints-wrong-java-path

Also of interest:

How to set JAVA_HOME for Java?


That's because user postgres does have not have necessary permission to read (list) the contents of directory /root/ (the home directory of user root).

Normally the permission of /root/ is set as 0700 with the owner as root, so nobody else except root can check the contents and hence traverse further in the directory tree.

So even if you set the owner of /root/mapnik/data/world_merc.shp file as user postgres, postgres won't be able to access the file as the traversal will be blocked because of insufficient permission at /root/.

Instead of putting the file in /root/ (and changing permission of /root/), choose postgres's home (if there is one) or you home or any place that seems safe and user postgres has sufficient permission to do the intended operation.


Can't access from ubuntu to windows 8 drives that install along side it

Windows 8, by default, hibernates instead of fully shutting down (read: to allow for fast boot). It's a pain but I believe if you tell windows to reboot into the special "Advanced Options" mode in the settings then you could potentially tell windows to shutdown fully. Check out this link to shut down your windows 8 pc fully (link to another question click here for their tutorial they found to disable fast boot).

Running the command mount -t ntfs-3g -o ro /dev/sda1 /media/sd4 makes it read only hence the ro. Change that command to mount -t ntfs-3g -o rw /dev/sda1 /media/sd4 for writing.


Need to remove Try Ubuntu or Install Ubunut install dialog from customized live Ubuntu USB

As @C.S Cameron suggested I checked the grub.cfg file. and removed this part maybe-ubiquity from the below line.


I suggest you check here: http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/du/02/DriverDownloadInfo.do?LG2=EN&CN2=&DSCMI=16875&DSCCHK=a9c4fba46743be0cb2d94aa2fb14ff87ac792dcf

You will want the .deb file. Select the i386 version if you have a 32-bit system and x86_64 if yours is a 64-bit system. Check:

arch

After the file is downloaded, you should be able to right-click it and install it with Software Center.


something wrong happened while upgrading? connection lost? powered off?

you may try this to re-upgrade, first checking /etc/apt/source.list, and ensure that all all "deb","deb-src" lines reference to "precise" (if not, replace "oneiric"[11.10 codename] to "precise"[12.04 codename] with the vi)

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted

Then execute the following command,
sudo apt-get update;
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

At last, execute sudo apt-get autoremove this will clean up the packages you may no longer needed.

Hope this helps and good luck


You probably didn't format the card, you probably just somehow deleted your previous partitions. In order to make the sd card mountable again do this:

Create a partition in the "Unallocated Space" for all of your sd card on disks. Name it whatever you want. Choose what it will be( I recommend FAT).


How to hide the detailed processes of Ubuntu startup?

You can hide the messages by editing the configuration file for GRUB. Open a terminal and type

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Find this line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="intel_pstate=disable"

Change it so that it says

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash intel_pstate=disable"

Save the file and exit, now type

sudo update-grub

And reboot


You can install Boot Repair in the second Ubuntu (the first is anyway formatted, it just appears in that menu) following 2nd option from this page.
Then apply Recommended Repair, restart and old entry should be gone.


I do not understand why but the video links slowed down my browsers, be it Firefox or Chrome.

I took one of the suggestions in the answers and comments (that have been deleted) to use a lightweight browser.

I decided to use Qupzilla just to watch videos and my main browser for the rest, and by browser has not slowed down since then.


The Vanadium comment in my question was the best solution to my issue. I'd two drivers. After remove Synaptics the problem gone.


Installing proprietary NVidia driver on UEFI-loaded Ubuntu

Installing nvidia-current manually worked. No doubt it will fail miserably if I ever reenable Secure Boot, though.


What's close to a PC/Laptop is the AC100: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ARM/TEGRA/AC100


Add set -e after the shebang line to make the script exit if any of the command fails:

#!/bin/bash
set -e
git checkout $1
nosetests

From help set:

  -e  Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.


Which Ubuntu version that support HP 14-bw001au?

It's not so much that a particular version works better with particular hardware - generally hardware support improves slightly with each version, which includes both newer and older hardware.  Thus, there's no reason to use an older Ubuntu version to better support hardware.

Your choice of Ubuntu version should come down to a balance between frequent updates to software and less frequent updates.  LTS versions update every 2 years and support runs out after 5 years, while regular versions update every 6 months and support runs out after 9 months.

The current version (18.04) also happens to be an LTS version as well, so there is no reason not to install it and defer the choice of LTS or no-LTS until 18.10 comes out later this year.


You've gotten the wrong package for use on 13.10, no need to manually install a downloaded .deb anyway

in terminal

sudo apt-get install libasound2:i386


Remap Caps Lock key to Ctrl+Y or other key

Alright so I finally found a solution. I first disabled the caps lock key in gnome tweaks and then installed AutoKey.
My script for pressing CTRL-y looks like this:
from pynput.keyboard import Key, Controller

keyboard = Controller()

keyboard.press(Key.ctrl_l)
keyboard.press('y')
keyboard.release('y')
keyboard.release(Key.ctrl_l)


Chromebook C720 - issue suspending and booting

I've bought C720 as a present and was also messing with Ubuntu for a month, but eventually went back to Chrome OS (I decided to give choice of the OS to the person for whom this Chromebook was intended). So what I found out in the process is this, but haven't actually got to implement it.

Booting: According to Arch Linux Wiki , there is a way to make SeaBIOS default (which is what actually loads Ubuntu). In other words, making SeaBIOS default should make it go directly into booting ubuntu. That requires removing write-protect screw inside the Chromebook itself (which is pretty easy to open actually). More information here and here

Mouse: There's a shortcut for moving windows in ubuntu : hold alt+left click and drag; speaking of mouses, you probably have heard there is script for rebuilding the kernel, right? Alternative to that is wireless mouse (I've found pretty cheap one , 15$, at Walmart) - that was my solution because I was to lazy to mess with those scripts.

Suspend: found this forum post just now; according to Pascal148 you have to open  /etc/default/grub, replace the line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

with

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash add_efi_memmap boot=local noresume noswap i915.modeset=1 tpm_tis.force=1 tpm_tis.interrupts=0 nmi_watchdog=panic,lapic"

and then make sudo update-grub.

Hope this helps. Chromebooks are pretty awesome tech considering the cheapness. I hope to save up and buy one for myself next time, and get ubuntu onto it, but up to this point my learning stops here, so  good luck to you, friend!


Why Linux-based-laptop has slower wifi connection that windows-based-laptop?

According to this thread in the Ubuntu forums, the following command, followed by a reboot, will greatly improve your WiFi speed using the ath9k driver:

echo "options ath9k nohwcrypt=1" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/ath9k.conf


Permanent permissions change to /dev/vhost-net

I ran into the same problem and I think I figured it out. It seems to me the /dev/vhost-net file may be present, even if the vhost-net kernel module is not loaded.

When I create the udev rule (same as yours) and (re)load the module by executing rmmod vhost-net && modprobe vhost-net the configuration is picked up just fine.

To make it persistent I added vhost-net to the /etc/modules-load.d/modules.conf.


How do I find the right ubuntu kernel for an i686 CPU?

There exist several possible options to handle this problem. Since your reputation is low I'll assume you're not very experienced and this solution is quite easy. Go here: http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/releases/15.04/release/ and download the 32 bit version. Those are the files with '386' as part of the name. It is highly likely that the 32 bit version will run on your system without problems.


A browser that supports css3 3d transforms?

So far, only Webkit browsers support CSS3 3D Transforms.  Chrome/ium is probably the most popular option, so if the version you tried wasn't working, you may want to update to the very latest -- something like the Chromium Daily Builds.  If even that is too buggy to work with, you might want to try a different Webkit browser for Linux.

Midori and Epiphany are two decent options.  As an added bonus, I think both of these browsers will use the version of Webkit that you have installed on your system (unlike Chrome, which comes with its own version of Webkit).  That means that you should be able to build Webkit from the latest nightly source release, and Midori or Epiphany will automatically use that version.  Good luck!


When you boot from the live CD press and hold down the left Shift key. This will, after having selected the language, enter the Grub menu:

Press F6 at his screen and select "nomodeset" as a boot option to prevent loading of video drivers during boot.

If that does not resolve the issue try with the alternate CD for a text based installation.

In case you will not be able to boot into a graphical desktop you may try to install the Nvidia graphic drivers from a terminal, e.g. with jockey-text.

Additional note from comment: after a successful installation we may be able to boot to "Recovery Mode" (again hold left Shift key for Grub menu) to install graphic drivers, or if that fails drop to a shell to proceed driver installation from command line.


Some Wi-Fi connections are very slow, but internet is good

First of all: 13MB/s is considered quite fast. (13312KB/s???)

Secondly follow carefully and fully this answer.


Home Backup Server with Ubuntu - Drive Controller Configuration

Always use hardware RAID if you can afford it as a software RAID might give OS compatibility problems...  (Dual-boot with Windows, Using a boot CD to repair your system, ...)

Use RAID5: write speed is a bit slower then the disks all by themselves, but read speed is superior.

As to which controller: buy the most expensive one your budget allows you to buy and don't buy any unknown Crap! Inc! Cheap-o-RAID ones and stay with major brand names.

That should not make this answer too much off-topic  ;-)


Ubuntu 18.04 block countries access to my server (ssh & nginx)

This can be done if you have modsecurity-crs installed.

Big picture, you set up nation blocking in modsecurity by activating the Block Countries feature.  You will need the GeoIP database.

Once that is working, you can also ban IP addresses from those countries by adding a modsecurity rule to fail2ban (if you have that installed).

If this approach sounds like it would work for you, ping me in comments and I can expand with details.


16.04 MariaDB -> Error in syslog (mysqlcheck)

Current most compatible solution in my case is to enter the root password in

 /etc/mysql/debian.cnf

In addition, I've submitted a bug report.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mariadb-10.0/+bug/1582209


You could open a terminal (CTRL + ALT + T) and type sudo nautilus and press enter.

This way you have file access as root. BE CAREFUL NOT TO TOUCH OTHER FILES EXCEPT THE ONES YOU NEED. YOU MAY BREAK YOUR SYSTEM.

Anyway, your files will be in /home/'your username'/desktop


Upon installing Ubuntu 13.04, "acpid : exiting"

I had the same problem, when I was installing it on Compaq laptop. Original hard drive had 4 primary partitions. NTFS doesn't support more than 3? primary partitions. I didn't modify active and windows partition and converted 2 other to logical. After that everything start working just fine.


Automatically restart a crashed software

Run gedit and paste this into the new text document:

#!/bin/bash
while true
do
docky
done

Then, save it as '[AnyNameHere].sh' (preferably in your Documents folder).
After saving, open your file manager, locate the new file, and right click it. Select Proprieties, then go to the permissions tab. There should be a tickbox that says "Executable" or something like that. Enable that tickbox, click OK, then double click the file. Select 'Run', and now Docky should appear.

However, unless you run the script in a Terminal, the only way to stop this bash script yourself is to use a program like htop and terminate the process.

(This is probably the most ineffective way to do it, but it works for me.


My own non-solution:

install kaffeine instead of VLC through apt-get
open ~/.kde/share/apps/kaffeine/xine-config
find the commented #video.driver:auto line
replace it with video.driver:vdpau, remove the comment
grind teeth at the terrible kaffeine interface, but still use it instead of VLC


Favourites option disabled in GNOME Maps

Try:

right-clicking on a map location
choosing What's here?
clicking the star icon to add it to favourites


Ubuntu 15.04 not showing the partitions after installing along side windows 8.1

From the screen photo, It seems like the installer wiped your hard drive. This was a known issue before 14.04, but it should have been fixed since, according to the bug status. If it really is as you said, please  file a new bug report for the Ubiquity package.

I hope you made a backup before attempting a reinstall. If not, let this be you a lecture.

If you are using a SSD, you can basically give up all hopes. SSDs use a feature called TRIM, which erases deleted and invalid data blocks as to keep the drive fast.

If you need to recover files, stop using the installed system immediately and find another harddrive which you can use to back up your data, preferrably empty and big enough to hold your files - at least those which you manage to recover. Please always keep in mind that file recovery is basically gambling, no matter which tools you use.

Now boot the Live Ubuntu on the installation medium ("Try without installation") and open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T). In there, use the following command to install the recovery suite TestDisk:

sudo apt-get install testdisk

This will not affect your problematic hard drive, as the program will be installed to RAM (or live system persistency, if set up) only.

Now, TestDisk is a pretty straight-forward, interactive recovery suite. To start it, you use the following command:

sudo testdisk

You may first want to search for lost partitions. It should be TestDisk's first menu option. (Partition table Intel/PC/msdos). If you are lucky, TestDisk will manage to find the deleted partitions and gives you the option to create a new partition table. This will likely make the installed system unbootable.

When the program manages to restore the partition table (even partially), you should be able to mount the formerly lost partitions and you may find your personal files. If so, copy them to an external hard drive (the one I advised you to get before.)

If not, use another tool called PhotoRec. It should already be installed with TestDisk and is also very simple to use. In this case, you may however not be able to restore the files' names.

For further information, read this very good article.

Good luck! (You'll need it, if you don't have a backup)

As for your Windows, the default recovery partition is now gone. If you want to reinstall it, get a installation disk image from Microsoft (I hope they still provide any), put it on an USB or DVD and install it using the product key provided with your computer (may be inside the case). If you can't find any PK sticker, you should contact the PC manufacturer and ask for help. Some don't provide those stickers any more.

Edit: Sometimes, the PK is stored in the BIOS, so a destroyed partition won't erase it. You will know, if your Windows activates itself without you entering a PK.

Btw. you can take screenshots using the PrtSc key in Ubuntu, and they will be saved in ~/Pictures.


WIFI no longer working for no apparent reason.....on 12.04

Start by typing lspci in a terminal to see if it is there. If it is try rfkill unblock all.


Use the option --ghost in your auto.master. Look at google for an example file, I found this exmaple:

# mount point   config file        options
/-              /etc/auto.direct   --ghost

/misc           /etc/auto.misc     --timeout=30 --ghost

+auto.master

From here: example (archived copy of original page)


cat: /proc/apci/wakeup: No such file or directory

You could simplify your script.
#!/bin/bash

while read -r a _ b _; do
    [[ $a != PWRB \
    && $b == \*enabled ]] && echo $a
done < /proc/acpi/wakeup > /proc/acpi/wakeup


PART 1

Step 1.) Boot from the Ubuntu Gnome Flash Drive.

When booted go to the application Gparted.
(Click on the dash icon and search for Gparted in the applications).
Gparted is the best and most simple partition editor available.

Step 2.)In Gparted right click on each partition and click on delete, till you have deleted all the partitons and have left only 1 single block of unallocated space( around 460 gb it will be).

Step 3.)Now you are ready to partition. Right Click on the unallocated space, select new.
Create your desired partitions by.
to create 30 gb ubuntu partition: right click on unallocated space then new.

size- 30720 mb
type- ext4
(rest all options as is)

for swap-
size - 2048 mb
type-
linux swap

i suggest you allocate atleast 60 gb for windows 7
so
size-61440
type-ntfs

right click on left unallocated space,
type-ntfs
size - as is is

after that click on the apply button in the menu bar to save the changes.
it will then write the partitions and display successful.
---end part 1---

PART 2-

partitioning is done.
Now you are ready to install the OS.
First install Windows.
Steps-
Boot from the windows 7 DVD.
Click on install.
Then Custom install.
Here select your 60gb NTFS partiton that you have earlier created and install to it.
After successfully installing, reboot and see if windows 7 is working fine.

--end part 2--

PART 3

Now that your windows is installed its time to install ubuntu.

Boot from the ubuntu gnome 13.04 usb

Click on the install option on the desktop.

When it comes to the option
"Install Ubuntu 13.04"
It would Display 2 options-
1. Install Ubuntu (automatic)
2.Something Else

CHOOSE something else.
choosing it would bring you to the Gparted partition editor.
Here the swap partition will be detected automatically.
Right click on your 30 gb ext4 partiton, click on edit, and set mount point as /

Verify thats everthing is correct and click on install

THATS It.
If you have any problems let us know..


How do I show the current amount of fragmentation on a btrfs filesystem

filefrag command works with btrfs as well as with other filesystems.

$ filefrag ubuntu-8.04.1-desktop-i386.iso
ubuntu-8.04.1-desktop-i386.iso: 7 extents found

It only shows the number of extents for individual files though. You may want to write a shell script to sample a number of files and calculate some number which will give an approximate indication of how the whole filesystem is fragmented.


How to create script with auto-complete?

You'll have to create a new file:
/etc/bash_completion.d/foo

For a static autocompletion (--help / --verbose for instance) add this:
_foo()
{
    local cur prev opts
    COMPREPLY=()
    cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}"
    prev="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}"
    opts="--help --verbose --version"

    if [[ ${cur} == -* ]] ; then
        COMPREPLY=( $(compgen -W "${opts}" -- ${cur}) )
        return 0
    fi
}
complete -F _foo foo

COMP_WORDS is an array containing all individual words in the current command line.
COMP_CWORD is an index of the word containing the current cursor position.
COMPREPLY  is an array variable from which Bash reads the possible completions.

And the compgen command returns the array of elements from --help, --verbose and --version matching the current word "${cur}":
compgen -W "--help --verbose --version" -- "<userinput>"

Source


changes to /etc/network/interfaces not working?

Ok, if you have one nic you can add virtual interfaces on this way

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
   address 192.168.1.57
   netmask 255.255.255.0
   gateway 192.168.1.1
   up ip addr add 192.168.0.57/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
   down ip addr del 192.168.0.57/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
   up ip route add 192.168.0.0/24 via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0:1 metric 20
   down ip route del 192.168.0.0/24 via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0:1 metric 20

In your question eth0 is in net range 192.168.1.xxx and eth3 is also in that range, meybe is enough to have only one interface in one network range?

You can add eth0:2 on the same way like eth0:1 if you need one more virtual interface

But this will work only in two cases.

your pc is connected to switch and both router is also connected on the same switch. On this way pc can reach both router
you router have primary and secondary ip address on interface

Edit 1

You must edit /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

This will open the ‘NetworkManager.conf’ file in our text editor.

Now change:

managed=false

to

managed=true

After changes reload network service

sudo service networking restart

Or if this did not work, try

sudo ifdown eth0 && sudo ifup eth0


How to correctly install MATE desktop environment on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and newer versions?

You have to install special task package with one of two methods:

with tasksel:
  sudo apt-get install tasksel
  sudo tasksel install ubuntu-mate-desktop

with APT:
  sudo apt-get install ubuntu-mate-desktop^

And then use the full power power and enjoy the beauty of MATE DE.

Notes:

if you are interested in installing the minimal MATE DE - it is installable from other task package named ubuntu-mate-core^ - see my other answer.
do not use tasksel to remove packages from the system (see this post for details)!


In dual boot PC, the boot/GRUB menu suddenly disappeared (Ubuntu option is not appearing anymore)

I'm going to assume you have UEFI. You need to enter your UEFI settings (if you haven't already) and do two things.

Make sure secure boot is off
Make sure Ubuntu (or something like that) is above Windows in the boot order.
If this doesn't work you should try to get boot-repair. If you can't make a new USB or DVD you might have to buy one.

Boot-repair help/info: boot-repair

I might be able to give more advice as well if the first UEFI settings doesn't work but you can tell me more about what happened when you tried it.


18.04: a stop job is running for unattended upgrades shutdown

Be patient. Wait for Unattended Upgrades to finish.

DO NOT interrupt Unattended Upgrades while it is upgrading your system. Doing so might break your system quite horribly, including possibly making your system unbootable.

Generally, U-U will only run for a minute or two. If it's taking longer, then ensure your system has good, strong network connectivity. That speeds U-U up a lot.


How to get back rounded corners in Compiz?

Short answer - No.
The main problem here is that Compiz does not support _GTK_FRAME_EXTENTS atom. GTK uses it to know if window manager knows how to handle client shadow.
I think Ubuntu still have patch that makes all GTK windows transparent... So you might be able to adjust .solid-csd CSS to get rounded corners in your theme.
Real fix is to add needed support to Compiz. You can try to use this:
https://code.launchpad.net/~muktupavels/compiz/gtk-frame-extents/+merge/323427
It is not merged because it is not ready! Use at your own risk!


For anyone interested. (Not so trivial for newbies like me :))
One can actually choose between the compilers! so:

gcc-4.8 Hello.s

is the answer.


In mplayer's ao option, any : or , characters in the device name must be replaced with = or . to avoid some silly conflicts in the mplayer option parsing code.
The actual device name you're using is hw:2,0.

VLC's aout option specifies the audio output module name; the device name would be specified with the alsadev option:

vlc --aout=alsa --alsadev=hw:2,0


Could you lose your data if something goes wrong when you upgrade your OS to version 16?

You can always lose data if something goes wrong, but it's not that likely. Even if the upgrade messes up, you can use the Live Environment to copy files to a USB drive and reinstall.

The upgrade will tell you exactly how much it is going to download when you start it. You can cancel it then if it's too much. The size varies per user, as everyone has a slightly different setup, but a near-fresh install of 15.10 with all packages fully updated says the upgrade will download 789MB. This is probably different on 14.04, and is a very low estimate, since there are only the default packages installed. The Ubuntu 16.04 ISO itself is around 1.4GB, but that's not accurate for an upgrade.

You can use Ubuntu throughout the whole upgrade process, but that's not necessarily a good idea. It's perfectly fine to keep using your computer while the upgrade downloads, but keep an eye on it and stop doing stuff when it actually begins upgrading.


Partitions lost trying to create bootable iso disk

If you cannot access your files, choose "deeper search" which may take some time, but might be able to locate the proper sectors to recover the partition. Ensure the letter to the right of the partition type is not "D", as this means it's set for deletion. It can be changed to other partition types L,E or P (Logical, Extended, or Primary). Only duplicates that don't work should be marked for deletion after you've found all your working partitions.

Once you've located the partitions, and are able to access the files, choose the [Write] option to save the partition tables.

For complete instructions and detailed recovery options, please see this step by step guide : http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/TestDisk_Step_By_Step


my laptop freezing when trying to hibernate

First off, given that you're using a swap file, can we assume that you're currently configuring your grub file with both resume and resume_offset tags? To review these requirements, check out the Arch reference here: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Power_management/Suspend_and_hibernate#Hibernation_into_swap_file (much of the text will still be relevant for Debian/Ubuntu).

That said, I had a hard time myself getting hibernate to work with my Dell XPS 9560. The issue I had appears to have been ACPI-related, and I could only hibernate if I had completely disabled ACPI in the kernel (acpi=off).

It turns out that more recent Ubuntu kernels now ship with ACPI rev. 6 support (where compiled with the CONFIG_ACPI_REV_OVERRIDE_POSSIBLE flag). Not sure exactly when this flag was getting compiled into the kernel, but I suspect recently (>4.10.0-20 or so?).

Regardless, forcing ACPI to use rev. 5 (acpi_rev_override=5) in grub seems to resolve my hibernation issues.

Worth a shot...

Rich


the following packages have unmet dependencies(KDE)

Open Terminal and issue this command

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install -f


It is a second LXPanel.  To delete it merely right click on any open space on the panel and choose delete this panel.  However, if it is your only panel then you have some how moved it to the left side of your monitor.  In that case merely move it back to the bottom of your monitor by once again right clicking any open space on the panel and choose Panel Settings and change the position under Geometry.


Checking if the latest version are installed in the system

It appears that these are all Debug symbol packages that will help apport to report a meaningful call stack (names of the called procedures of some libraries) when the crash occured. These aren't refreshed by default. If you are eager testing a development version, you should have these installed.

The wiki describes how to install the debug packages:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DebuggingProgramCrash

In your case however, the mentioned are very unlikely candidates to crash compiz and you may try to ignore them. If the bug squad insists on these, install the debug symbols (refer to the wiki) and recreate the bug report.


There are other older tools, like laptop-mode-tools and pm-utils. However, TLP is the best, most up to date, and does the most.

You can install it by running:

sudo apt install tlp tlp-rdw

and run it by

sudo tlp bat

To install pm-utils

sudo apt install pm-utils

and run it by

sudo pm-powersave true


Run in a terminal

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ideapad.conf <<< "blacklist ideapad_laptop"

and reboot. This should unblock your Wi-Fi.


The problem is solved by create a new user and move my files to that new account. There must be something wrong in the .config, .local or some other "dot directories".


Running Tkinter programs on Ubuntu 18.04

That's actually strange. The import statement works fine (or at least doesn't raise an exception), but instead Tk() is not found.
The only thing I can come up with is trying to run

import tkinter

window = tkinter.Tk()

window.title('Welcome to LikeGeeks app')

window.mainloop()


Why get Ubuntu One Music cloud over regular free Ubuntu One?

You can stream online without having to download anything to your phone, thus saving space on the device. Also have your music available from different devices everywhere you go. Quite useful.


Compiz extra animations download Ubuntu 14.04 not working ( burning animations ETC)

The Compiz-plugins-extra is more or less an empyty package. To get the "extra" options you need to install:

sudo apt-get install compiz-plugins

Because CCSM only installs the package named compiz-plugins-default (or defaults, don't remember)


What file lets me change the directories linked to through the places menu

The file you are looking for is ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs in your home directory.

You can modify the entry by changing XDG_PICTURES_DIR="$HOME/Picture" to XDG_PICTURES_DIR="/<your_pictures_directory>".

The same thing goes for any other such directory.


The concept you're looking for is called "swapping". If you designate a disk partition or a specially created file as "swap space", Ubuntu will swap things out, and when the things are needed again, swap them in.

See man mkswap, man swapon and man fstab.

When setting up an Ubuntu systems, I usually set up a swap partition 2 or 3 times my RAM size. YMMV.


It looks that /var/cache/debconf/config.dat is locked by another process. Please remove it first by executing following steps.

service mysqld status
ps aux | grep mysql
sudo service mysql stop
kill -9 mysql_pid
rm -rf /var/cache/debconf/config.dat

Then you can try to purge MySQL:

sudo apt-get purge mysql-server


When I try to start settings or Rhythmbox, Ubuntu forces me to log in again

I've finally solved my problem! basically what i've done is follow 3 articles:

https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=46&t=122257
I can't install any new software, i keep getting this message
https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-install-the-nvidia-drivers-on-ubuntu-18-04-bionic-beaver-linux


Login in to the classic mode still runs Unity

That is odd , this should be disabled when you choose The Ubuntu Classic.

But You can disable Unity, by using CCSM : Click to install

Go to desktop --> Ubuntu Unity plugin --> Uncheck as shown.


Open your System Settings, and go to Privacy.

On the first tab of the Privacy section there is a switch to turn off next to "Include online search results" (or something similar).

This prevents anything you type into the Dash from being sent to Canonical's servers. (This disables the Amazon shopping lens and any lenses that are part of the Smart Scopes feature present in 13.10 when you upgrade.)

As a point of clarification: the portion you're talking about with the Record Activity settings is actually only a local feature. There is a program called Zeitgeist which keeps track of your most recently opened files and applications (Zeitgeist is also used by the GNOME desktop environment, actually). This is only used to prioritize results in the Dash; none of that information is ever transmitted to Canonical or even leaves the computer.

If that is still a privacy concern for you, by all means, still turn it off, but if you're only worried about the information that is leaving your computer, you just need to turn off the setting for including online results in the dash.

Personally, I find Zeitgeist to be helpful, so I leave it on.


youtube-dl installed, but not found in dash or applications

Youtube-dl is run from the terminal. Open the terminal and type:

youtube-dl <URL>

You can also show a list of available video formats before you download the video, giving you a choice of different video qualities, by running the following command:

youtube-dl -F <URL>

Type man youtube-dl for information about how to use youtube-dl and options.


5.1 Surround sound shows as an option however the sound test doesn't produce sound

Well in my case I had Xonar XDG 5.1 and similar issue, what helped me is to specify the exact channel stream in alsamixer type alsamixer choose the sound card with F6 and specify the channel output clicking arrows Up and Down, sometimes it can be written multichannel


Show it in the folder, right click on it and go to the Open with another application. There you can select wiht what app. you want to open the torrent and then just check 'Remember this application for "Bittorrent seeds file" files'. This should work.


Boot to Windows option? Similar to bootcamp

sudo grub-reboot X where X is the menu entry position (starting with 0 as the first entry)


Will ConnMan replace NetworkManager on the desktop for 11.04?

The systray (old notification area) will go away in 11.04. NetworkManager is the most critical piece that still uses it. We have three options:

Move to the new indicator-network which uses Connection Manager as a backend,
Provide patches for NM-applet that enable it to use the AppIndicator framework, and
Hack the systray so it only supports NM-applet

The Ubuntu Platform team is working on the NM-applet-indicator option, and it's their decision which approach is taken in the final release.


The options  of the tar command is wrong in the restore script. This works:

tar xfv /dev/st0

The  only difference is the missing minus, however that is quite important. If you use the '-' then you are using the usual GNU options syntax. In that case the 'f' option must be followed by the file name. In your script 'f' is followed by a single 'v' letter. So tar tried to extract from the file named 'v'. Which does not exist as the error message correctly says.

If the first argument does not start with the '-', than you are using the old, but quite comfortable tar syntax. In this case the required arguments of the options follow the entire set of the options. Now 'v' means verbose, as expected, and the source file is the tape drive (/dev/st0), as expected.

From the GNU tar documentation at http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/tar.html#SEC36:

  As far as we know, all tar programs, GNU and non-GNU, support old
  options: that is, if the first argument does not start with '-', it is
  assumed to specify option letters. GNU tar supports old options not
  only for historical reasons, but also because many people are used to
  them. If the first argument does not start with a dash, you are
  announcing the old option style instead of the short option style; old
  options are decoded differently.

  Like short options, old options are single letters. However, old
  options must be written together as a single clumped set, without
  spaces separating them or dashes preceding them. This set of letters
  must be the first to appear on the command line, after the tar program
  name and some white space; old options cannot appear anywhere else.
  The letter of an old option is exactly the same letter as the
  corresponding short option. For example, the old option 't' is the
  same as the short option '-t', and consequently, the same as the long
  option '--list'. So for example, the command 'tar cv' specifies the
  option '-v' in addition to the operation '-c'.

  When options that need arguments are given together with the command,
  all the associated arguments follow, in the same order as the options.
  Thus, the example given previously could also be written in the old
  style as follows:

  $ tar cvbf 20 /dev/rmt0

  Here, '20' is the argument of '-b' and '/dev/rmt0' is the argument of
  '-f'.


Screen Tearing Nvidia/Intel ubuntu 20.04

Don't worry as screen tearing will not damage your hardware, it is simply that the rate of displaying of the video's picture on the screen is different from your screen's refresh rate.
Screen tearing is a driver issue, so will have to be fixed at the driver level. If you have the NVidia proprietary driver installed, open the Nvidia X Server Settings dialog and select 'X Server Display Configuration' option, then select either 'Force Composition Pipeline' or 'Force Full Composition Pipeline' and click on Apply.
https://www.gamingonlinux.com/articles/how-to-an-update-on-fixing-screen-tearing-on-linux-with-an-nvidia-gpu.8892/page=4
It is possible run on on the Intel GPU and launch various apps using the Nvidia GPU. See the link below on how to do this, though the simpler option is to just go exclusively off your Nvidia GPU.
http://www.hadess.net/2020/05/dual-gpu-support-launch-on-discrete-gpu.html


Ubuntu not detecting integrated intel graphics card and reverts to llvmpipe

I suggest to upgrade the kernel to an officially supported HWE kernel.

You can do it by running

sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-18.04

Reboot to apply.


Your Ubuntu system is having a boot problem well before it gets to the login screen; this is not actually a login problem, specifically.

Some problems that present in this way can be fixed by reinstalling GRUB2 to the Master Boot Record. You can do that with any of these techniques. If that does not fix the problem, please edit your question to indicate this, and also provide details about what technique you used for reinstalling GRUB2 to the MBR and what happened when you tried (as if it doesn't work, it's possible that your problem is not one that can be fixed this way, but also possible that there was a problem in reinstalling GRUB2 to the MBR).

By the way, the advice in this answer also pertains to Ubuntu 11.04.


Problem with adding Tomcat server to spring tool suite in Ubuntu?

I faced same annoying bug recently and found a solution for this. Here is the instructions,

Close Eclipse
In {workspace-directory}/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.core.runtime/.settings delete the following two files:

org.eclipse.wst.server.core.prefs

org.eclipse.jst.server.tomcat.core.prefs

Open Eclipse, Voila!

Reference


background of terminator is not set properly

It appears that Terminator doesn't have a feature to scale or adjust background images. Your only option is to resize or otherwise adjust the size of the background image with an image processor.


How to open a file when 'vi' reports it is already open?

This is an old swap file that's still there because the editor probably crashed or had been killed. You can safely erase it.

rm .profile.swp


How do I save standard output to a different text file everyday with file name as ( dd-mm-yy.txt )?

You can use logrotate:

Create a file /etc/logrotate.d/redis with something like this:

/var/log/redis/redis-server.log {
    daily
    rotate 12
    compress
    delaycompress
    missingok
    notifempty
    create 644 root root
}

More configuration can be found here

EDIT: If you want a dd-mm-yy format you can use the dateformat directive as explain in this response.


Network manager must be restarted after wakeup in Ubuntu 15.04

You need to mess with systemd service and target.

Create a file nm-resume.service in /etc/systemd/system/suspend.target.wants

with the following content:

[Unit]
Description=Restart NetworkManager at resume
After=suspend.target
After=hibernate.target
After=hybrid-sleep.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/bin/systemctl --no-block restart NetworkManager.service

[Install]
WantedBy=suspend.target
WantedBy=hibernate.target
WantedBy=hybrid-sleep.target

This needs to be tweaked or debugged but that's the way to do it.


NGinx reverse proxy and subdomains on apache2

While nginx supports wildcards and regular expression in server_name, you still have to specify the subdomain while proxying. This can be done using the $host variable:

server {
    server_name .mydomain.com;
    listen 80;
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://$host;
    }
    access_log /var/log/nginx/$host-access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/all-hosts-error.log;
}

This will proxy a request for foo.mydomain.com to in an internal foo.mydomain.com. If the internal and external domains don't match, use a grouped regular expression:

server {
    server_name ~^(?<subdomain>.+)\.mydomain\.com$;
    listen 80;
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://$subdomain.internal.host;
    }
    access_log /var/log/nginx/$host-access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/all-hosts-error.log;
}


DNS resolver stopped working after upgrade to 20.04

I just installed Ubuntu 20.04, and had to remove netplan (I have my reasons). I then had a name resolution problem to solve. Here's how I fixed it:
Edit /etc/systemd/resolved.conf and change/add this line:
DNS=1.1.1.1

(I'm using CloudFlare's DNS server here.)
Then change the /etc/resolv.conf symlink like this:
sudo ln -sf /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf

Last, reboot. I hope this helps!


After installation on ubuntu, gerbera is automatically started as a deamon process (via user gerbera). In order to start it manually, you have to kill the daemon process, e.g.

ps aux | grep gerbera
sudo kill <pid>


From what I see, you might need to alter your default pulseaudio configuration. Backup the /etc/pulse/default.pa file and the edit it. Look for the part where it says

### Automatically load driver modules edepending on the hardware available
.ifexists module-udev-detect.so
load-module module-udev-detect.so
.else
### Use the static hardware detection module (for systems that lack udev/nal support)
load-module module-detect
.endif

and change it to (try with hw:0,3 to hw:0,7 or hw:0,8 if neccessary - this is based on your aplay -l output):

### Automatically load driver modules edepending on the hardware available
#.ifexists module-udev-detect.so
#load-module module-udev-detect.so
#.else
### Use the static hardware detection module (for systems that lack udev/nal support)
#load-module module-detect
#.endif

load-module module-alsa-sink device=hw:0,3 sink_name=hdmi

Then restart the pulseaudio server. If it's running on per-user basis, type pulseaudio --kill and then pulseaudio --start. If it's running as a system service type sudo service pulseaudio restart. To check that, run ps -ef | grep pulse and see what user (left column) started the pulseaudio application: if it's root, than it's a system service, if it's your user, than use the kill and start method. While experimenting with the configuration files, you can run it with pulseaudio -vvv to see debug information.

Note that this configuration is only to see if you can get the hdmi output to work. After you have found out which hw:0,# to use, for example if your hdmi output works with load-module module-alsa-sink device=hw:0,7 sink_name=hdmi, try uncommenting the loading of module-udev-detect/module-detect modules so that the pulseaudio can detect whatever it detects now, you should end up with something like this:

### Automatically load driver modules edepending on the hardware available
#.ifexists module-udev-detect.so
load-module module-udev-detect.so
.else
### Use the static hardware detection module (for systems that lack udev/nal support)
load-module module-detect
#.endif

load-module module-alsa-sink device=hw:0,7 sink_name=hdmi

I suggest that you use pavucontrol for choosing/viewing the output devices for pulseaudio.


New Box, new to linux, would love advice

I had a similar problem. I'm guessing that this laptop is not brand new, considering your hardware. What I did was I opened up my laptop, and I found that my memory (RAM) was really dusty, and loose. I took it out, carefully, dusted it off, and put it back. My laptop ran way faster.


Switch from openjdk-8-jre to openjdk-11-jre - trust anchor not found

Looks like you are affected for BUG 1739631

The workaround from the BUG that worked for me was:

edit /etc/java-9-openjdk/security/java.security file. Find the line
that says keystore.type = pkcs12 and change that to jks
remove /etc/ssl/certs/java/cacerts file: rm /etc/ssl/certs/java/cacerts
run update-ca-certificates -f


Trouble booting and installing Linux - Broken BIOS suspected?

So this could be the issue. Please setup the nomodeset before the installer starts doing anything. Adding the nomodeset parameter instructs the kernel to not load video drivers and use BIOS modes instead until X is loaded. For more details refer to this thread

Once the install is done you have to follow these steps(mine is also GTX 960M)
In the terminal (press Ctrl+Alt+T to open it or Ctrl+Alt+F1 till F6) run this

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

This will remove any installed nvidia drivers.

Then install the new drivers

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-361
sudo reboot


How to install Texmaker 4.0.1 (released a few days ago)?

The software center didn't have the latest texmaker as 4 days ago when I installed.  I downloaded and installed the amd64 version. I installed it by downloading it off texmaker's website and following the instructions for Linux; that is, remove all previous version and install.

Download the most recent version (be sure to choose the correct version for your system: 32 or 64 bit): http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker/download.html
Open a terminal (ctrl+shift+t) and enter sudo apt-get purge texmaker to remove previously installed version
Assuming the new version you just downloaded is in the Downloads folder, issue the following command in a terminal: sudo dpkg -i ~/Downloads/texmaker_ubuntu_*.deb


Every domain has timeouts defined in its SOA record (try dig SOA copyleaks.com). If you are the administrative authority for the domain, then you can setup the SOA record and setup your default cache times there. Then there are timeouts for each record, and I think this is the case in your example, where A record copyleaks.com (try dig A copyleaks.com) has a timeout of 300 seconds, which is different than timeout in SOA record. Every domain administrator sets the TTL (Time To Leave) times to a value that makes sure that DNS records are updated frequently enough and that they are not transferred too frequently from administrative servers.

For SOA record take a look here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOA_record.
If you want to learn more about DNS I would recommend this http://shop.oreilly.com/product/9780596100575.do.

Try your command for other domains and you will see different values.


Why apt asking to uninstall GIMP when installing ardour?

The repositories list from your machine miss updates: disco-security and disco-updates.

You have to open Software & Updates (software-properties-gtk), switch to Updates tab to enable them.

Then install all upgrades and GIMP with Ardour:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install gimp arduor


Have you tried to follow this guide ?

fglrx-core conflicts with libopencl1
If you have Wine installed, the driver installation may fail due to a conflict with a library included with Wine.
After you have created or downloaded the .deb files, but before you install them, repackage the fglrx-core package by doing the following

dpkg-deb -R fglrx-core_15.200-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb fglrx-core
sed -ri 's/(Conflicts|Provides).*/\1: fglrx-driver-core/' fglrx-core/DEBIAN/control
sudo dpkg-deb -b fglrx-core/ fglrx-core_15.200-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb

Now continue to install the packages as usual (usually dpkg -i).

I just followed these instructions and it worked for me.


How can I add a custom compose key sequence?

Create a file named .XCompose in your home directory (~/.XCompose), which contains:

# import the default Compose file for your locale
include "%L"

<Multi_key> <bar> <greater>  : "▸"

See man 5 Compose for more info about the format of this file.
Add the following to ~/.profile:

export GTK_IM_MODULE="xim"

On Ubuntu 18.04 (maybe others), you may need to use the following instead:

export GTK_IM_MODULE="gtk-im-context-simple"

Log off and back on.  Or restart X.  Or reboot.


How can I get sudo to accept my password?

I think there might be a different problem here:

When you get your password wrong three times and you are in the sudo group the result is:

sudo: 3 incorrect password attempts

Only when you are NOT in the sudo group, will it say something like "this incident will be reported".

Therefore, check whether you are in the sudo group with id, which will show all the groups you belong to.

If you are not in the sudo group, then you will probably have to boot from a live CD and follow the instructions here (but add yourself to sudo rather than admin if you're running Ubuntu 12.04). You won't be able to use pkexec if you are not in the sudo group, so that won't be a solution unfortunately.


Install libpcl1, it's in the Ubuntu repositories:

sudo apt-get install libpcl1

Or as @Fabby said, compile your own version:

sudo apt-get install git
cd
git clone git@github.com:PointCloudLibrary/pcl.git
cd pcl
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..

Note the missing development libraries, eg:

-- checking for module 'eigen3'
--   package 'eigen3' not found
-- checking for module 'flann>=1.7.0'
--   package 'flann>=1.7.0' not found

and install the development libraries with, eg:

sudo apt-get install libeigen3-dev
sudo apt-get install libflann-dev

Start the compiler with make

make

And install

the classic way make install

sudo make install

with checkinstall

sudo apt-get install checkinstall
sudo checkinstall


Is there any way to prevent two or more windows of the same program from merging into one in the Launcher on the left edge of the screen?

Are you aware that if you click the icon, 2x when its not the active application, that you'll then see the windows of that application spread across the desktop?

When spread across the desktop like this, you'll see a thumbnail view of the windows, and you're then able to click on the appropriate thumbnail to bring it to the foreground. This behavior makes for clear+easy navigation instead of guessing which icon belongs to which window.


Want some advanced configuration with ufw

I believe @mikewhatever is correct, that you can't restrict certain applications ... at least not using ufw / iptables

But it sounds like you're on a desktop version of ubuntu (not server).  If so, you might consider installing gufw -- which is the GUI frontend for ufw.  Once installed, you can add rules in many ways, one of which is based on preconfigured "applications".

To install gufw, open a terminal and type:

sudo apt-get install gufw


gnome shell + external monitor = garbage (ubuntu 11.10 on eeepc)

I have eeepc 1005ha, with intel onboard video.
I used GNOME3 before last update. Now I can`t switch on it. I do not like Unity on some reasons, and 3d is to slow for my netbook, so I can use only Unity 2d or GNOME Classic.

Our Netbooks can`t support resolution more than 2048x1024 in normal rendering speed. And second monitor - is like sum of both.


Is Ubuntu Software exactly the same as Snap Store in 20.04?

The one in Ubuntu is on a separate channel. Run:
snap refresh snap-store --channel=stable/ubuntu-20.04

This above is based on the output of snap info snap-store, part of which is shown below:
commands:
  - snap-store
  - snap-store.ubuntu-software
  - snap-store.ubuntu-software-local-file
snap-id:      gjf3IPXoRiipCu9K0kVu52f0H56fIksg
tracking:     latest/stable/ubuntu-20.04
refresh-date: 4 days ago, at 16:24 IST
channels:
  latest/stable:    3.31.1+git187.84b64e0b 2020-04-22 (415) 45MB -
  latest/candidate: 3.31.1+git187.84b64e0b 2020-04-20 (415) 45MB -
  latest/beta:      3.36.0-75-g02a9109     2020-04-23 (436) 52MB -
  latest/edge:      20200414.ac9047f       2020-04-14 (375) 50MB -
installed:          3.36.0-74-ga164ec9                (433) 52MB -


Have you tried configuring what Ubuntu does when you close the lid? That's under System › Preferences › Power Management. Does the problem still occur if you set it to Blank Screen instead of Suspend? What if you use the session menu (power icon on the top right) and choose Suspend?

Of course, it shouldn't be freezing in the first place, but hopefully we can work around this. If you're interested, you can also file a bug report so developers can work on the issue directly.


How to do I convert an webm (video) to a (animated) gif on the command line?

From here:

ffmpeg -i input.webm -pix_fmt rgb24 output.gif


Wlan drains all the battery too fast on Ubuntu 16.04

The problem came from a broken DKMS, as described here : High power consumption of eth0 | archlinux.org

DKMS being broken prevented bbswitch module to correctly compile during the kernel update. Therefore, the Nvidia GPU was constantly turned ON and powertop poorly calibrated so it attributed the extra power loss wrongly to the network card.

I had to purge and reinstall DKMS, bbswitch and Nvidia driver as described here : dkms does not automatically rebuild after kernel upgrade

Now I'm back at 13-14 W.


How can I install TeamViewer on Xubuntu 13.10?

I have Xubuntu 13.10 64 bit, just like yours, I guess, I got teamviewer to work on my machine, and I did that just because I promised to give you an answer :)

First, I downloaded this TeamViewer, then I opened a  terminal and did:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 and then sudo apt-get update

and then I used Gdebi to install TeamViewer, it downloaded all the dependencies, you can find Gdebi in the software center and yes you don't need gdebi, you can use the software center or dpkg to install the package, I'm used to Gdebi, old habits die hard.

In case you still see that libc6:i386 error, download Synaptic package manager from software center too, and make sure that, the packages marked in blue are installed

At least that's how it works on my computer. I don't really know if you need both packages, or only one or maybe another one, I don't know, and I don't care as long as it's working.


How know if migrate Wubi to partition is successful

In a terminal (ctrl-alt-T), type

mount

If you see that your root directory ("/") is mounted on something like "/dev/sda7", then your installation is on that partition. If in doubt, post the result of that command here.

If mount shows something like

/dev/loop0 /

it means that you did not manage to install the grub loader correctly, and you still use the Windows loader to get to the WUBI installation.

Follow these instructions to install grub.

Make sure that on /dev/sda7 you have the copy of the system (you can use the LiveCD to boot the system that is installed on /dev/sda7 to see whether it was installed correctly)
Given that your new system is mounted in WUBI /dev/sda7 on /media/ce0c18e4-3d5d-466b-ba64-e19f1b129957, run

sudo grub-install –-root-directory=/media/ce0c18e4-3d5d-466b-ba64-e19f1b129957 /dev/sda

This should install Grub to /dev/sda and allow you to boot in Ubuntu.


sudo: unable to resolve host error but still works

Why would you change your hostname to something containing spaces? Please restrict your hostname to the characters given in this SO answer:

  The Internet standards (Requests for Comments) for protocols mandate
  that component hostname labels may contain only the ASCII letters 'a'
  through 'z' (in a case-insensitive manner), the digits '0' through
  '9', and the hyphen ('-'). The original specification of hostnames in
  RFC 952, mandated that labels could not start with a digit or with a
  hyphen, and must not end with a hyphen. However, a subsequent
  specification (RFC 1123) permitted hostname labels to start with
  digits. No other symbols, punctuation characters, or white space are
  permitted.

If you want to show random crap in your prompt, then change your prompt, not your hostname.


AttributeError: module 'types' has no attribute 'GenericAlias'

Ok, I missed some libs in my project folder and python tried to find them in another python version... That's why.
I put all the required libs in may project and now it works.


I found a solution for my VN7-571G-56N0
Touchpad:

↳ SYN1B7F:00 06CB:2970 UNKNOWN

My solution isn't nice but its a workaround. Obviously the Touchpad isn't detected by the driver. I don't have another explanation for such a bad configured driver.

Step 1: Download enable-rightbutton.sh

Step 2: Identify your touchpad ID using xinput

Step 3: Activate the Clickpad parameter with

synclient Clickpad=1

Step 4: Run the enable-rightbutton.sh with your Touchpad ID as parameter e.g.

enable-rightbutton.sh 11

If this works for you too, you just have to put all this into the startup. I made this by adding "synclient Clickpad=1" at the front of the Script and put it into startup (open dash-> type in startup -> open the programm -> add an entry with the script with your ID as parameter)

This may be a useful link.  Especially the Part 'Enabling right button click for clickpads on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS'

Just found a german link related to the topic, but because the asker is german it may help him:
Touchpad at ubuntuusers.de You can load the settings a cleaner why by defining a new configuration for the touchpad using udev. There are plenty of possibilites to reconfigurate the synaptics driver e.g. changing the sensibilty or auto-turn off the touchpad while writing. It may help you with your other issue.

UPDATE My Touchpad works well with Ubuntu 15.04 Kernel 3.19 now. Anyway its still marked as UNKNOWN in xinput and theres still an error in dmesg.


Converting image to Jpeg2000 does not work

What am I doing wrong?

Nothing.  The command you typed in is correct.  The problem is that *.jp2 (JPEG 2000) support isn't built into the repository version of Imagemagick.  When converting to an unsupported format the resulting destination file will be the same format as the source file.

You can verify this by looking at the fourth lines of the convert -version output:

$ convert -version

Output:

Version: ImageMagick 6.8.9-9 Q16 x86_64 2016-11-29 http://www.imagemagick.org
Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2014 ImageMagick Studio LLC
Features: DPC Modules OpenMP
Delegates: bzlib cairo djvu fftw fontconfig freetype jbig jng jpeg lcms lqr ltdl lzma openexr pangocairo png rsvg tiff wmf x xml zlib

Notice that jp2 isn't included.

This is a reported bug (imagemagick: missing JPEG-2000 support):

The bug report describes the problem and indicates it has been fixed in the latest release (Version 6.9.1.2-1)  which hasn't reached the repository yet.

Another test for jp2 support is:

$ identify -list format | egrep -i jp2

There is a use at your own risk PPA at:
https://launchpad.net/~isage-dna/+archive/ubuntu/imagick

Update:

As provided by SamWilson in the commands a supported PPA which I tested is located at: https://launchpad.net/~lyrasis/+archive/ubuntu/imagemagick-jp2

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lyrasis/imagemagick-jp2
sudo apt-get update


Java process exceeds allocated ram and crashes VPS

I have noticed a bug in some commercial Java based applications, where the application is well behaved in 32bit Java but requires an extra (and mostly unnecessary) 1.25GB just to get started on 64bit Java. So what takes 256MB in 32bit Java takes 1.5GB on a 64bit runtime.

I suspect that Java is reporting what it thinks the application is using, but not its own runtime overhead, particularly in the case where this bug is invoked.

You could try running the app on a 32 bit runtime, or going back to the vendor's tech support (may cost $$) and asking what's up.

Ultimately, if you succeed in limiting total memory footprint, you just force the app to crash sooner, and you are still left with a problem.


I have a intel AC 8260 and cant find the drivers

The Intel Wifi drivers are built into the Linux kernel already. To see them use:

lsmod | grep iwlwifi

Firmware for Linux Intel WiFi drivers by card model and Kernel version are here:

For general questions about Intel Wi-Fi on Linux, email linuxwifi@intel.com.


Problem installing Ubuntu 14.04 alongside windows 8

In my installation of Ubuntu 12.10 alongside Win 8, I ended up
having to create the partitions for Ubuntu from the Windows side
using 'Disk Management'. If your 320GB HD is all utilized for Windows
you will need to do this as well. Set up at least 2 partitions, one for /
and a swap partition, formatting as FAT32.
  Now when you begin the Ubuntu install, there are now empty partitions
that can be chosen as the drive to install Ubuntu into (/)and the swap
partition. Ubuntu will look for drives and after found you can simply
answer questions to tell where install takes place and filesystem to
set up (I used ext4). Hope this helps Craig


Why isn't my Upstart script running on 14.04?

By default Upstart should be logging what it's doing to /var/log/upstart/automount.log. That will show you output from it trying to run (and in doing so, should let you know roughly what the problem is).

Nothing in there? Try a sudo start automount and see what that does for things. If that works (and things are mounted), it's likely your start on startup line needs to change. It's possible that something else hasn't started up (I'm not sure what vboxsf requires) so delaying it until later might work.

However, in your case I'd be tempted to drop the script completely and just use the more regular method of mounting things /etc/fstab. We already have a question with an answer that goes down this route:

How to mount a VirtualBox shared folder at startup?

That's much more logical way of handling this (IMO). You can still pass in all the options, it's just rearranged to something (I haven't tested so you might need to jumble things) like:

WebApps  /var/virtual/some_folder_name  vboxsf  rw,dmode=777,gid=GROUP_ID,uid=USER_ID  0 0


Updatable and Upgradeable Ubuntu Flash Drive

Everything that gets saved to a persistent flash drive gets saved to the casper-rw persistence file or partition.

Never do an update to a persistent drive, it will fill casper-rw and the drive will not boot.

If you want the latest and greatest do a Full install to flash drive, it is both Updatable and Upgradeable.

Just unplug your internal hard drive and install to flash drive as you would to internal hard drive.

Once booted to the flash drive with HDD plugged back in do a sudo update-grub to get the internal OS added to the flash drive grub menu.


Is it possible to create a VPN on a single machine?

A VPN will not mask your IP from your ISP.
One machine is enough for a VPN.
While free options are available, they are not always the best choices speed wise.

PS: Why not torrent when there is no throttling?


ubuntu gnome 17.04 boot failure in VirtualBox after installing guest additions

For anyone still experiencing this issue and unable to get to your VM's terminal. Disabling "Enable 3D Acceleration" from VirtualBox Manager worked for me.


Windows not booting after removing the partition containing ubuntu

This has happened to me before. Im not one hundred percent since i don't have win 10 but for win 7 and 8 the disk is the answer, read bios screen as it starts there should be a boot option  i think its f2 then repair. Hope this works.


Why cannot the Ubuntu installer recognize my SSD?

Make sure to have a backup of your important Windows files!
You've got a single SSD set up in RAID mode, and the Ubuntu installer won't recognize your SSD until you switch your disk setting in the BIOS from RAID to AHCI.
Making that switch comes with some problems though, as Windows will no longer boot. Looking at this article https://samnicholls.net/2016/01/14/how-to-switch-sata-raid-to-ahci-windows-10-xps-13/ will show you how to make the change without having to reinstall Windows.
Boot to Windows with your current SATA controller configuration
Open Device Manager
Expand Storage Controllers and identify the Intel SATA RAID Controller
View properties of the identified controller
On the Driver tab, click the Update driver… button
Browse my computer…, Let me pick…
Uncheck Show compatible hardware
Select Microsoft as manufacturer
Select Microsoft Storage Spaces Controller as model
Accept that Windows cannot confirm that this driver is compatible
Save changes, reboot to BIOS and change RAID SATA Controller to AHCI
Save changes and reboot normally, hopefully to Windows

Now you should be able to install Ubuntu in a dual-boot configuration.


Users of 64-bit Ubuntu, should enable MultiArch if it isn't already enabled by running the command

$sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

Since Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid Lynx), Skype is part of the Canonical partner repository. To install Skype add the Canonical Partner Repository. You can do this by running the command

$sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner"

Then install Skype via the Software-Center or via the Terminal.

$sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install skype

It is highly recommended to use the package provided in the Canonical partner repository, not the one distributed from the skype website, as the skype website currently points users to the wrong package for 64-bit systems of Ubuntu 11.10 and above.

This document might help you.


Cannot detect Windows 8 from Ubuntu 12.04 Live USB installation on Toshiba qosmio x870

Mount EFI to /boot/efi but DO NOT FORMAT then after that, mount your other partitions (eg /home /). Install and reboot. You will now boot to Ubuntu so you can configure grub.cfg to be visible and add a Windows option. I have no experience in installing Ubuntu on EFI as I am an Arch user but this should help.
EDIT

This will not work if you did not boot Ubuntu from UEFI. To boot DVD/USB in UEFI keep it enabled but disable secure boot option in BIOS.
Do all as root sudo -i or su root
List all your partitions with cat /proc/partitions
Make an efi directory mkdir /boot/efi
Mount your EFI partition eg: mount /dev/sdX /boot/efi
Install grub-efi apt-get install grub-efi
Finally, install grub. Grub will automatically add option to Firmware Boot Manager.
grub2-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=Ubuntu --recheck --debug


You need to add the id_rsa.pub contents to the authorized_keys file depending on the version of OpenSSH that's installed on the server.
If authorized_keys doesn't exist, create it.
Also, make sure that you are copying the public key correctly. What I would do, transfer my id_rsa.pub to the server via SFTP, then on the server (via SSH if possible) run:
cat id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys


This question should really be broken in two: "What are dynamic and static linking?", and "How does Click solve dependency issues?". The two aren't related. Here I will give attempt to answer the first question.

What are dynamic and static linking?

The source code of any software program makes use of external functions. External functions reside in libraries. When compiling the program into machine code*, the external references must somehow be linked to their definitions, i.e. to their implementation in machine code. There are two approaches to doing this. Either (a) the implementing code is "pulled in" from the libraries and added to the resulting binary, or (b) the references are left dangling and will be "pointed to" their implementation at runtime. We call (a) static linking and (b) dynamic linking.

As with any engineering decision, neither alternative is better than the other. Static linking has the advantage of not creating a dependency on the runtime environment and therefore produces more predictable binaries. This comes at the cost of duplication of code, and therefore disk, network and memory consumption. Dynamic linking enables sharing library code at runtime. It also enables upgrading libraries, for instance when a bug is found, without the need to recompile the binaries that use them. All dependants get fixed automatically. Obviously they also get broken automatically, by the bugs and incompatibilities that the new version introduces.

Leaving the pros and cons aside, dynamic linking inherently produces a more complex system. There are more moving parts and, especially, there are dependencies between the moving parts**. The question then is how to manage this complexity. For instance, how to have two versions of an application on the system, each requiring their own dependencies, among which there could be two different minor versions of one library. Because the file names of these libraries collide, this is not currently possible on Ubuntu.

One could say that every packaging system, apart from simplifying software installation, is an attempt to resolve dependency and versioning issues, while reaping the benefits of having dynamic dependencies. The Debian packaging system at the time it came about was much better at doing this than the existing ones. Since then many other solutions have come up. A notably thorough approach is taken by GNU Guix and its Guix package manager. Click is another.

*) We assume a program compiled to machine code, not one that will be interpreted or compiled into an intermediate language (e.g. Python, Java). On an abstract level these languages suffer from the very same dynamic resolution issues (ClassNotFoundException in Java), but including them here would just muddle the explanation.

**) Note that if you stick to statically linked binaries, then there would be no runtime interdependencies. That is, no library dependencies, there are other kinds.


Ubuntu Gnome 17.04 (and 16.04, 16.10 Unity) freezes on reboot if put on sleep

I was able to figure out the solution at last.

The following steps fixed the issue for ASUS X556UJ with Intel/Nvidia:

Edit your grub configuration:

sudo vi /etc/default/grub and change the contents of the line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi=force"

Edit your Nvidia settings:

nvidia-settings

Select PRIME Profiles

Select Intel


Are there unattended-upgrades security upgrades when LTS is over?

No, there are no updates of any kind with the end of support.

Unattended-upgrades pull updates from the Ubuntu repositories, same as apt. With the end of support reached, those repositories are no longer updated, although it's still possible to use the old packages. Whatever package you install from the old repositories will be the last version available at the time it reached EoL.

In this kind of scenario, I see no point to use unattended-upgrades or apt-get update.


Setting up Static IP Address for Wireless in Ubuntu 14.04

The issue with Wireless Networks is that they are not managed correctly by /etc/network/interfaces unless you configure all the WPA2 items.  This poses a problem - it will always try and configure itself then for that Wireless Network, and then you won't have a working wifi if you need to do another network, until you reconfigure the item in /etc/network/interfaces, and then reboot or restart the wifi card.

The correct way to handle Wireless Networks is to use Network Manager, on a default Ubuntu installation, and then have all the configuration done in the network profile that is stored inside Network Manager.

In a typical setup of Ubuntu 14.04, you will have to configure Network Manager to connect to a wireless network.  Inside Network Manager, it will have different connection profiles for each Wireless network.  Start by connecting to the network as you normally would - this will then give you a dynamically-assigned Wireless address, and create the profile.

Click the network manager icon in the indicator bar.  Hit "Edit Connections", and select the network you want to edit.  Then hit "Edit"; this type of screen shows up:

You can then go to the IPv4 tab, and hit "Manual".  In the box for IP addresses, network data, etc. you will then put your configuration items there, such that 192.168.1.151 is the address, 24 is the NetMask you enter (you can also put 255.255.255.0 if you want, but 24 is identified the same way), and 192.168.1.1 is the gateway.

Another box is for DNS servers - there you would put 8.8.8.8.

It'd look something like this when you're done:

Hit "Save".  Then, tell Network Manager to disconnect and then connect to the network again.  You then have static-IP addressing for that wireless network.

You can also configure different settings for different Wireless networks in this way, if multiple networks need different static IP addresses or network settings set on your device.


Disk is likely to fail soon (37° C / 99° F)

Those SMART errors mean that disk failure is imminent.  You will need to replace the disk soon.
If you don't have sufficient backups, make them now before it's too late.


Cannot find application after snap install

Apparently, installing snap from apt does not add the correct path to /etc/environment, or PATH.
The snap applications are in /snap/bin/, so there is the string to somehow add to your PATH.
I feel that this should be automated, or at least pointed out to the user upon installation of snap. (Yes, I rebooted with no success.)


Unable to use package manager due to "exclusive lock" error

I had the same problem. This post helped however, the pa aux command and the Kill command were ineffective. sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock seemed to work, and I followed it up by another Linux post.

  You need sudo rights, so the full command is:

sudo dpkg --configure -a

  Try using Konsole terminal program instead. Make sure that all package managers are closed! Issue the commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

The sudo apt-get update command worked.

The sudo apt-get upgrade one did not as it stated could not get dns proxy.

Also the following came up:

some files failed to upload using old files.

At least the update was able to fetch 39 of them. The other is irrelevant as this is the latest Ubuntu 12.04 64-bit.


Cannot install .NET Core on Ubuntu Bionic Beaver

first add the sources:

wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | gpg --dearmor > microsoft.asc.gpg
sudo mv microsoft.asc.gpg /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/
wget -q https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/18.04/prod.list
sudo mv prod.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/microsoft-prod.list

after that:

sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install dotnet-sdk-2.1.200

sudo apt-get update is important

source: https://www.microsoft.com/net/learn/get-started/linux/ubuntu18-04


"Parsing filters unsupported" error during extraction of RAR file

You can use:

sudo apt-get install unrar

or

sudo apt-get install unar

I recommend you install only one of these (unrar in my case). Then use archive manager:

sudo apt-get install file-roller


grub rescue after creating new partition from windows

The fact that GRUB is reporting partitions of the form (hd0,msdos##) means you've got an MBR partition table and are booting in BIOS mode. This means you've run into a big minefield: The Windows partitioning tools are terrible at handling extended and logical partitions on MBR disks. I've seen many posts from people whose disks have been seriously damaged by the Windows partitioning tools, usually because the Windows tools delete or otherwise damage logical partitions. In some cases, Windows converts a standard disk into one that uses the Microsoft-specific Logical Disk Manager (LDM) format. Because you've provided no partition table details, I can't be sure this is what's happened to you, but the odds are pretty good that it is. To be sure, please boot an Ubuntu live disk, run the following command, and post the results back here:

sudo fdisk -l

Be sure to post the results by editing your original question! Also, please add four spaces to the start of each line of the fdisk output; this flags it to preserve the formatting, which will become illegible if you don't do this.

Depending on how bad the damage is, you might be able to correct it with my FixParts program, which is part of the gdisk package in Ubuntu; or you might need to use the TestDisk program. You might even need to resort to more advanced tools or recover everything from a backup.


Proper way to remove other operating systems after installing ubuntu?

It is safe to delete mint's partition. But make sure you run 'grub-install' afterwards just to confirm that GRUB is properly installed in your Ubuntu partition. Run the following in a terminal:

sudo grub-install /dev/sda
sudo update-grub

And you're done.


no sound in ubuntu 14.04, on board sound card not working (?)

Very likely it is not yet supported. You can try a to boot a live version of Ubuntu 16.04 (currently daily build) and see if it works.

Also, since 14.04 is a LTS version, you may have luck using the hardware enablement kernel. See here for details:  What is hardware enablement (HWE)?


13.10 Onscreen Keyboard suddenly stopped working

Try to reinstall your onboard application by running the below command on terminal,

sudo apt-get install --reinstall onboard

Now it will work.