How to securely send bank details to someone?

For encrypted messages, you have generally two options:

Public/private (or rather hybrid) cryptosystems

OpenPGP belongs to this category, also S/MIME does. The recipient will provide you with a public key, which you use to encrypt the message. The recipient will be able to decrypt it with his private key.

The advantage is that you do not need to transmit any secret through a separate, secure channel.
Symmetric cryptosystems

You and the recipient share a secret, which is used for encryption and decryption of the message. This is used with symmetric OpenPGP encryption, but also with encrypted archives (zip, rar) -- generally, symmetric encryption will be used when you encrypt with a passphrase that both sender and recipient must know.

The recipient does not need to provide you with a passphrase, but you will have to transfer the secret passphrase through a secure (and authenticated) channel, for example by meeting or calling him. The recipient must have software capable of using the specific protocol, of course.

As the recipient is not tech-savvy (and does not have an IT department taking care of this), likely he will not have setup public/private key cryptography. He will likely have some software around that is able to decrypt ZIP archives or office documents, but still you'll have to get the passphrase to him. Before sending encrypted messages, better ask if he's capable of receiving such.

The pragmatic solution: either don't care about sending the account information encrypted (in most legislations you'll just have some trouble in case of fraud,  but not actual loss of money and can reverse malicious bookings easily), or print/write everything on a piece of paper and send him a letter, or request a paycheck. Depending on the amount and whether the company is using it, using a service like PayPal might be an option, but will cost some fees (probably: you).


Lenovo T430s, Ubuntu 13.04, unknown monitor

This guide (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Config/Resolution) can lead you out of desperation and help you understand the problem, this (How to add display resolution for an LCD in Ubuntu 12.04? xrandr problem) would be the quick solution.

There was also a bug on Nvidia cards, and it looks like it is still active. please confirm what is your graphics card type.


You have two options;
If you would prefer to just make it disappear, run snap disable snap-store in a terminal.
If you really want it to be taken behind the woodshed, instead run snap remove snap-store in a terminal.

The first option will still leave it on your system, but it won't be active or receive any updates.
The second option will completely remove it from your system.


Lost access to the unity interface how to fix?

This seemed fixed once I went to terminal (ctrl+alt+F1) and pressed:

gconftool-2 --recursive-unset /apps/compiz-1
gconftool-2 --recursive-unset /apps/compizconfig-1
rm ~/.compiz-1/session/*
rm ~/.config/compiz-1/compizconfig/config
unity --reset

source:  http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1866462


Over here is an install script, that nicely explains all dependencies and stuff, I'll just copy that for you ;)

Install dependencies

sudo apt install -y g++ libgtk-3-dev gtk-doc-tools gnutls-bin \
    valac intltool libpcre2-dev libglib3.0-cil-dev libgnutls28-dev \
    libgirepository1.0-dev libxml2-utils gperf build-essential

Get and install vte-ng

git clone https://github.com/thestinger/vte-ng.git
echo export LIBRARY_PATH="/usr/include/gtk-3.0:$LIBRARY_PATH"
cd vte-ng && ./autogen.sh && make && sudo make install
cd ..

Get and install termite, and setup

git clone --recursive https://github.com/thestinger/termite.git
cd termite && make && sudo make install
sudo ldconfig
sudo mkdir -p /lib/terminfo/x
sudo ln -s /usr/local/share/terminfo/x/xterm-termite /lib/terminfo/x/xterm-termite

Voila, this should be it ....


Is it possible to use GKSU from the Dash (Use administrative level from Dash)

Press Alt + F2 and type alacarte and run.  This is the menu editor and will allow you to make a launcher that not only shows up in the Classic Menu but the Dash as well.  Click on add new item and type in gksu nautilus for the command,select an icon and give it a name like Super Nautilus and click ok.  Now when you click on Dash and start to type nautilus it will show up as one of the Applications


How did you measure the speed of internet? or is your speed subjective. If you did measure how much did it slow down?

Its possible that that speed is limited on the machine by routers (mac address speed filtering for large bandwidth users) in which case changing the mac address may help

eg. How to change the MAC address of pc?

but this is pure speculation as to cause.


Re-mouting the old home partition after a fresh install

You can do 2 things:

boot live CD, find what drive is current home and your old home (you can use nautilus) then open fstab on disk (not live CD) that is on /media/<your-roots-UUID>/etc/fstab (you can find UUIDs with df -h ) and switch the mount points
you can copy old home to the new location and vice versa (in that case make sure you copy also the hidden files so you get configs too and encrypted folder if you have one)

good luck!


Difficulty unzipping ubuntu using es explorer for android

ES File Manager cannot decompress large files. Use ZArchiver instead.


Is there a way to autostart a user session without logging in?

You can try to auto-login in the session and let execute a script on startup wich locks the screen in a few seconds. Probably not best practice, but the login is the start of a session, so I don't think you can start the session without a login.


Android Studio hardware accelerated emulator will not launch in Ubuntu 16.04

First of all you have typo in egrep command:
you need logical OR here "|", not backslash "\".

It should be egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo.

Reading your update we can conclude that it was a typo.

Other way to check is to use kvm-ok (installable from cpu-checker package).

On system with enabled virtualization its output is as follows:

$ kvm-ok
INFO: /dev/kvm exists
KVM acceleration can be used

If you have problems with VirtualBox - ensure that you have set correct Settings for virtual machine: open System, select Acceleration tab and check that you have correct settings:

Paravirtualization Interface: Default
Hardware Virtualization: ☑ Enable VT-x/AMD-v, ☑ Enable Nested Paging

This will result in blue V () on CPU icon in status bar of VirtualBox machine window (see yellow hint below for details - machine uses KVM) :


How to save multiple monitor layout forever with xrandr?

Put your xrandr command in autostart. I use LXDE so I'm unfamiliar with where this functionality is in stock Ubuntu but I'm sure it's there somewhere.


What is the middle button in Gnome system menu for?

Googling that icon shows this post from Ask Fedora:

  Enables/Disables Screen Rotation for devices that can figure out which
  way they are being held.


Can't write at all to hard drive or change permissions of anything as root

First of all when you see a read-only filesystem error, your first step should always be to run an fsck (filesystem check) on the affected drive.  That's because Linux has mounted the filesystem as read-only because it detected an issue on boot, and if that error was something like corruption then remounting as read/write could damage your disk beyond recovery.

Second of all, as Eyoung100 mentioned, you should NEVER run a recursive command on the root of your filesystem.  You're extremely lucky that in this case Linux didn't let you actually execute that command or your Droplet would probably be messed up such that a repair would be unreasonably difficult for you.

Third you don't actually need the rw portion of eyoung's command, as it's the default in these cases.  You can get away with just sudo mount -o remount / which will attempt to remount your filesystem.

Typically the write-protected error isn't the problem with these, that is odd.  But you should be able to get around it by running:

blockdev --setrw /dev/vda1

Then try the previous command:

mount -o remount /

Please let me know what you see when you try that. If it doesn't work, you'll probably need to request the recovery ISO and just migrate your files off the Droplet.


Which software(s) can serve as Mathematica, Maple or MATLAB equivalents?

Octave provides a lot of the functionality of Matlab, and can run some Matlab programs.  Sage is the open source "equivalent" of Mathematica.


What does this Launchpad error building my package mean?

OK, let's troubleshoot your problem and give you a mini-tutorial along the way.

I have Pastebin'd the build-log here to get line numbers for reference.

The build aborts with this error at line 613:

/bin/sh: 1: glib-compile-schemas: not found
make[1]: *** [override_dh_install] Error 127

OK, so it's missing the binary called glib-compile-schemas. To find out which package supplies this, we can use the apt-file utility (install first):

izx@ppauvm:~$ apt-file find glib-compile-schemas
libglib2.0-0: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/glib-compile-schemas
libglib2.0-bin: /usr/bin/glib-compile-schemas

This tells us that for your build architecture, i386 (32-bit), the binary /usr/bin/glib-compile-schemas is provided by the package libglib2.0-bin.
Searching the build log for libglib shows that libglib2.0-0 is installed, but apparently libglib2.0-bin is not:

The following packages will be upgraded:
apt apt-transport-https libapt-pkg4.12 libgcrypt11 libglib2.0-0

So to hopefully solve this problem, make libglib2.0-bin an explicit build dependency in the debian/control file, and re-upload your package to Launchpad. It builds on your local system because you certainly have that package installed :)


Xubuntu 16.04 doesn't seem to remember any changes I make to the startup applications.

Can't help you about Xubuntu not remembering startup apps changes. But you can try this to make Dropbox icon work-

Delete the custom startup entry you've made. If you've changed any Dropbbox installed files then reinstalled the app again. Then press Ctrl+Alt+t to open the terminal and run these commands:-

sudo apt install gksu

(gksu is probably already installed, carry on)

gksu mousepad /usr/bin/dropbox

Create a new line under the line "import os". Add the following text in the new line:

  os.environ['DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS'] = ""

Save the file and reboot your PC.


Question answered by OP in comments

  It seems to be the GUI I use. Nothing harmful.


In the PPA you list, there are no vlc-plugin- packages at all, so of course it is not found, all you need to do is

sudo apt-get install vlc

To make sure you install any plugins that are there too use

sudo apt-get install vlc*

This will get all packages that start with vlc.


Ubuntu 12.04 3D loads when booting from usb but not after install

You need to load the proprietary drivers to enable 3D.  They are not installed by default because they are well, proprietary, but there is a something like a "fair use" clause that allows them to be used with Ubiquity.  Open additional drivers and get it to search for drivers for your graphics card.  You will probably have to log out and back in to use the drivers (or maybe re-boot).

If this doesn't work, find out what your graphics card is by opening a terminal a type:

sudo lshw -C display

Maybe search askubuntu based on the information you get from lshw, and add the information back into your question above.


Is it possible to install an old GNOME 3 version on Ubuntu 20.04 or any other up-to-date distro?

Your packaged version of Gnome Desktop is compiled to match the rest of your system's versions. Attempting to switch Gnome Desktop versions is not recommended, and may break your system.
Experts who can compile the entire Gnome Desktop from source can obviously install whatever they like.


dpkg-deb: building package XYZ:i386 means you are building it in 32 bit Ubuntu machine.

dpkg-deb: building package XYZ: means you are building it in a 64 bit Ubuntu machine.

dpkg -r <package-name>

 The above command will remove the package-name.deb file.


Cannot install CUDA 10 for Tensorfow on Ubuntu 18.04 because of Failed CC sanity check

first check this error:
ERROR: Kernel configuration is invalid.

Look here to solve it: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8276245/how-to-compile-a-kernel-module-against-a-new-source
Then you need to check if you have the build-essentials, because is saying to you that can't find the "dev" packages.
The C compiler 'cc' does not appear to be able to create executables.  Please make sure you have your Linux distribution's gcc and libc development packages installed.

Finally I suppose that you are in Ubuntu, follow this instructions: https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads?target_os=Linux&target_arch=x86_64&target_distro=Ubuntu&target_version=1804&target_type=deblocal


[If this doesn't work, I'll remove it]

If it does, then it'll be a dupe FYI.

At GRUB boot to recovery mode and drop to a root shell.

1) Mount the file system as R/W: mount -o remount,rw /

2) Next, run sudo nano /etc/default/grub

3) Then add nomodeset to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

Becomes:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset"

And then save by hitting Ctrl+O, then exit nano with Ctrl+X

4) Finally, run:

sudo update-grub
sudo reboot


getting my router homepage instead of showing my apache site

I assume you are trying to access the webpage using your external IP address, and not your LAN address (such as 192.168.x.x).

By default, the router will not pass anything to the LAN that it has not specifically been told to allow.  It should have a place to allow certain ports to be passed through to the computers listening for that port, and often has easy configuration for common ports such as HTTP, SSH, FTP, etc.  Web pages normally listen on port 80, by default, although this can be changed (but would require a special URL specifying the port).

The feature to allow connections to local computers is called "Port Forwarding".  It is router specific, so you need to connect to your router and either find it, or look through the manual.

It's best not to allow all requests to be passed, but to only enable specific protocols such as HTTP on port 80.

If you're completely new to this, you might find this article helpful.

Edit - How to find the admin settings

In order to change the settings rather than simply viewing them, you must log in as "admin".  According to the manual, the way to do this is to enter the ip address in your browser (192.168.1.1), and log in as "admin", with the default password "admin".  But if this router is is from your ISP, they may have changed the password.  If this is the case, you may need to search forums for your ISP to find the password, unless they will tell you what it is (good luck with that - they may disallow servers).


For a 32-bit architecture follow these commands. . .

cd /tmp
wget bit.ly/1cmyrUo -O xampp-32bit.run
chmod 777 xampp-32bit.run
sudo ./xampp-32bit.run

For a 64-bit architecture, these. . .

cd /tmp
wget bit.ly/1cmyrUo -O xampp-64bit.run
chmod 777 xampp-64bit.run
sudo ./xampp-64bit.run

PostScript: Try these commands from the root. You can get into the root mode with sudo su command.


Do:

sudo apt-get remove xserver-xorg-video-intel
sudo reboot

Then install proprietary drivers


No wired and wireless connection found after upgrading 12.04

I know one method that needs the following equipment:

1.Mobile with GPRS connection or (LAN WIRED CONNECTION if available)

2.USB DATA CABLE for your mobile used to connect with your computer.

You need to connect the usb cable to your computer and then you can see mobile modem network signal in your Ubuntu network manager; now connect and configure the network (aircel, airtel or vodafone or others)

Disable proxy settings (if you have any), make sure you are connected to a mobile modem
and then open your Ubuntu software Center:

Install  ADDITIONAL DRIVERS

open ADDITIONAL DRIVERS,

then activate your wifi driver.


Ubuntu 14.04 Adding #10 Envelope to Samsung M2070

Finally figured out how to print a #10 envelope with LibreOffice on Samsung M2070. Open a new document in Libreoffice, go to top of frame, click Insert, scroll down and click Envelope. A window titled Envelope will open, you can add the Addressee and Sender. Once that is done, click Format tab, under Size, click drop down menu of Format and choose #10 Envelope. Finally, click New Document tab at bottom and review your work. If all information is correct, adjust paper tray on printer, place envelope in printer and click the Print Icon.


Unable to use a shared folder in VBox Ubuntu guest that was upgraded from 20.10 to 21.04

There was an error in the file /var/log/vboxadd-setup.log.1, something like this:
[...]
In file included from /tmp/vbox.0/combined-os-specific.c:33:
/tmp/vbox.0/r0drv/linux/memobj-r0drv-linux.c: In function ‘rtR0MemObjLinuxVMap’:
/tmp/vbox.0/r0drv/linux/memobj-r0drv-linux.c:560:34: error: implicit declaration of function ‘alloc_vm_area’ [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
  560 |                 pMemLnx->pArea = alloc_vm_area(pMemLnx->Core.cb, papPtes); /* Note! pArea->nr_pages is not set. */
      |                                  ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
/tmp/vbox.0/r0drv/linux/memobj-r0drv-linux.c:560:32: warning: assignment to ‘struct vm_struct *’ from ‘int’ makes pointer from integer without a cast [-Wint-conversion]
  560 |                 pMemLnx->pArea = alloc_vm_area(pMemLnx->Core.cb, papPtes); /* Note! pArea->nr_pages is not set. */
      |                                ^
cc1: some warnings being treated as errors
make[2]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:287: /tmp/vbox.0/combined-os-specific.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [Makefile:1837: /tmp/vbox.0] Error 2
make: *** [/tmp/vbox.0/Makefile-footer.gmk:117: vboxguest] Error 2

Some further investigation showed  that the  "subroutine (alloc_vm_area) was removed from linux 5.10."
So, I downloaded the latest VBoxGuestAdditions_6.1.22.iso from
https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/6.1.22/ and reinstalled it on the guest. Although my VirtualBox Manager on the host machine is at version 6.1.16, the problem in the guest is solved now.


The file you search is /etc/login.defs. There is a variable set. See:

UMASK           022

The values in this file are used by the utillities useradd, userdel and usermod.


If I don't want to use Broadcom drivers, what are my options?

When you removed bcmwl-kernel-source, a blacklist file was left behind. It is preferable to purge, not remove. Let's remove the blacklist file:

sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-bcm43.conf

In some cases, upon boot, the driver b43 also loads and the wireless doesn't work. If this is your case, post back and we'll proceed. We may need to blacklist b43 or ssb or both; we'll learn with some trial and error.

Based on information derived in our chat, I suggest you compile the version of brcmsmac found in kernel version 3.18. Download this to your desktop: https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/backports/stable/v3.18.1/backports-3.18.1-1.tar.gz Right-click it and select 'Extract Here.' Now, with a working temporary internet connection, open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential
cd ~/Desktop/backports-3.18.1-1
make defconfig-brcmsmac
make
sudo make install
sudo vim /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

Remove the lines:

blacklist brcmsmac
blacklist bcma

Proofread carefully, save and quit from vim.

sudo modprobe brcmsmac

Is it working now? I will probably have one additional step.


UBUNTU 17.04 Acer Aspire e15 Touchpad not working

Run in a terminal

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-i2c-hid.conf <<< "blacklist i2c_hid"

and reboot.


Something seem wrong with your GRUB bootloader. You should try to reinstall it, by following the guide at Ubuntu Community Wiki. You will need to use a LiveCD for this task (you can write it to a USB pendrive).


Why am I not able to access the hard disk partitions?

The message is pretty clear: Windows is hibernated, and thus, still has the volume open, so you can not simultaneously open it in Linux without corrupting it.  You need to boot into Windows and shut it down rather than hibernate.  Also note that the fast restart feature in Windows 8 makes the shutdown option actually hibernate rather than shutdown, so you either need to turn it off, or use the restart option instead.


juju error: hook failed: "config-changed"

If you verified there are no obvious errors, you can always retry running the hook to see if it resolves the issue:

juju resolved --retry keystone/0

If the problem still persists, you could try:

juju debug-hooks keystone/0 config-changed,

which will SSH into the machine and wait for the config-changed to run. You need to manually trigger the hook outside by running resolved as described above. Once the hook  starts you can run the hook script manually, inspect its output or relation settings, or change what the hook does, interactively.

You should also check out the documentation on Hook errors, and Hook debugging


Touchpad not Working on Asus Laptop A540LJ

The driver for your Touchpad (FTE1001) was only added to the kernel in version 4.10.

Ubuntu 16.04 currently uses Kernel v4.8 (or v4.4). It will receive v4.10 in four months.

In the meantime - you can:

Install Ubuntu 17.04 (which uses Kernel v4.10); or
Follow the instructions here: https://github.com/vlasenko/hid-asus-dkms

Following the instructions at the link above will install a DKMS driver. A DKMS driver is basically a driver that wasn't built with the rest of the Kernel. However - it is the same driver that is used in Kernel v4.10.


The version you installed is a 64bit-only flavour or wine. Use the following command for winecfg:

wine64 winecfg

And you should also use wine64 for launching executables (rather than wine as you did before).

See also: https://wiki.winehq.org/FAQ


Why does it take so long for Ubuntu to say "command not found"

The shell does more than just looking in $PATH. If a command is not found, the bash function command_not_found_handle is executed which in its turn call the python script /usr/lib/command-not-found. This searches in the packages list for programs that should be installed for the command to work. In the case of a typo which you know how to solve, just press Ctrl + C to abort the search process.

Example of a useful message for a typo:

$ aptget update
No command 'aptget' found, did you mean:
 Command 'apt-get' from package 'apt' (main)
aptget: command not found

Example of a useful message for a missing package:

$ deja-dup
The program 'deja-dup' is currently not installed.  You can install it by typing:
sudo apt-get install deja-dup

See also the rationale behind this, https://wiki.ubuntu.com/CommandNotFoundMagic


How to control the focus system in 12.04

Assuming your left-mouse button works and you haven't switched the buttons around in the mouse-settings, it seems to me that your problem is that you are clicking on a link (so the left-mouse button does work actaully), and that this link would start up another application which you cannot  see because it's hidden by the Firefox window.

Can you not simply use the ALT-TAB key combination to switch focus to the other application?

Maybe part of you problem probably happens because you have Firefox maximized, so you cannot move the window around to get to other windows. If you move your mouse to the top left corner you will see the 3 symbols  X _ and the square-symbol (Exit, Minimize and Maximize) you know from windows. Clicking on the square symbol will make your Firefox window one of the many windows on the desktop.


How to wipe/format entire disk using gparted?

The first two answers do not actually wipe the disk.

Formatting or re-writing the partition table, as suggested in the first 2 answers, does NOT delete the data and the data can be recovered in about 20 minutes.

This is because deleting and recreating partition table does not delete data at all. You can recover data even after quick format of partition. It is not a rocket science - even simplest file recovery utilities will recover this data.

Although gparted can re-format the drive, gparted will not wipe the data.

In order to wipe the data you need to write data to the disk. This can be done with a variety of tools from dd to dban to a number of command line tools.

See Securely erase hard drive using the Disk Utility for details.


How to prevent Ubuntu from mounting a partition it finds?

Partitions will effectively be prevented from mounting by using the noauto option in their /etc/fstab entry.

Example:

The following line will hide my ntfs partition /dev/sdb2 from appearing in Nautilus, from mounting with sudo mount -a, or on system boot:

UUID=87654321FFFFFFFF /mnt ntfs rw,suid,dev,exec,noauto,users,async 0 0

Now if we need to mount this partition then the following command will mount it to /mnt (or any other mount point we had defined in our fstab):

mount /dev/sdb2

In case we only want root to be able to mount this partition just leave out the option users and replace it by nouser.


Cannot use up down to navigate terminal history

That user account is not using bash (or one of the other built in shells).

Type bash on the $ and you will get another prompt and history will be there (albeit showing only the bash history and not what was executed on the $ you have now).

Have a look at /etc/profile not being sourced. The 1st answer should cover what you want.

EDIT: How do you use a shell other than bash at a terminal as default? is even better (credits to Takkat).


No, they are not representing monitors or other display devices that previously were connected.

They represent output connections.

eDP1: DisplayPort for laptop monitor
DP1,DP2: two DisplayPorts
HDMI1,HDMI2: two HDMI ports
VIRTUAL1: Virtual port

Depending on driver features, you may able to disable some using Xorg custom settings.


Why does Firefox Home icon not go to my Home page in 14.04?

You probably have to turn off "ubuntu integration" go to settings, click addons, and select extensions and disable the integration and modification extensions like in this example:

go to your firefox settings, click preferences and change the homepage from there you can set it to "Mozilla Firefox Start Page" or select whatever you want.


The stack trace in your console implies that it's an issue with the Java applet itself. Which leads to a few possible answers to your issue:

It's an issue with the Logisim application itself. Maybe it's not compatible with a Linux operating system, or maybe it's not compatible with your version of java....
The program needs to be run with elevated privileges (doubtful) or be run in a location where it can write to (more likely). Try making a folder for it somewhere in your home directory and running it within that directory
It's an issue with the version of java you're using. Some java apps cannot use the open-jdk, and must instead use the oracle jdk. Typing java -version into console should tell you what version of java you have. If you have openjdk installed you can remove it and install oracle jdk by doing the following:

sudo apt-get remove --purge openjdk*
sudo apt-get install python-software-properties
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer

(replace the 7 in that last line with 6 or 8 if you'd rather have those versions).

You may also need to downgrade your version of java, which you can do by downloading one of the old versions from this page.


Even if you uninstall and then reinstall vlc the configuration file can linger. This often gives unpredictable results. To eliminate this as a problem run the following 2 commands:

vlc --reset-config
vlc --reset-plugins-cache

This will reset you vlc configuration to the vlc defaults as well as resetting your plugins cache and may be enough to bring vlc back to life...


Is it likely Ubuntu 11.04 will ship with the ~200 line "miracle" kernel patch?

The likelihood of it being included in Ubuntu is mostly dependent on if the Linux Kernel (as upstream) includes the patch in the stable release 2.6.38 which will go into Natty Narwhal.

It's possible the Ubuntu kernel team will patch the Ubuntu kernel in time for the release if they feel it's really warranted. But that's up to them. You can track what the kernel team does here:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/KernelTeam

They often have meetings and discuss these sorts of things, the meeting minutes often contain the decision to patch certain things.

There is probably no chance that it'll be back ported, even if it's 200 lines, it's modifying key areas of kernel functionality which change all the time (making the patch hard to apply). If it were to go wrong, it'd be hard to fix. I'd say it would be almost impossible to accept a backport.


My ASUS laptop wireless button won't activate in ubuntu

Your wireless adapter is blocked.

You can unblock it by running

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/asus.conf <<< "options asus_nb_wmi wapf=4"

Reboot after that.

If that does not work try 1,2 or 3 instead of 4.


How can I extract sound drivers from Suse for use in Ubuntu?

The "drivers" in linux are kernel modules. So if the sound card works in SUSE it should work in any distro with the same kernel version or higher.

If not you could build a custom kernel and enable it.

Of course you could always get a linux compatible sound card ;)


Installing Ubuntu 10.04 (dual-boot), partition table is not being read

GParted won't work if you have overlapping partitions. In my opinion you have 2 options now:

the brute force option - wipe out the disk and reinstall all;
the repair partition table option - look at this nice tutorial how to do it. Before you do it, don't forget to back up your data.

As for booting into Windows, either repair the table and install Ubuntu, or repair MBR using any of the Windows recovery tools (depends on the version of Windows you have, just Google it).


What is the cron file of three times per month, from 3-5 pm?

Your definition is correct, if the job is to run only in March, 3 times a day and on day 1, 10 and 20.

If not, use e.g.

0 15 1,10,20 * * /home/kia/publish.sh

to start at 3pm on day 1,10 and 20 or

0 15-17 1 * * /home/kia/publish.sh

to start on the first day each month at 3pm, 4pm and 5pm

And to change the crontab file, use the command

sudo crontab -e


Touchpad not working on MSi U130 after login in

The problem could be caused by an IRQ conflict between your mouse and your touchpad. This is a Linux kernel bug (at least in 2.6.28) and as such it affects most distributions. An easy way to recover both mouse and touchpad functionality without having to restart your X server is restarting the mouse driver. Run the following commands in a terminal window:

sudo modprobe -r psmouse
sudo modprobe psmouse

source: Dealing with mouse and touchpad freezes in Linux

I am currently using Linux kernel 3.0.0-16, so if this is indeed the same bug, I'm surprised it's still there.


When to use packages in aptitude versus CPAN/Gems/PyPI?

This is a difficult question to answer in generality.

The official .deb packages give you stability and full support by the Ubuntu community . If you don't need the latest version, you might be better off with this solution. You also have the package manager support for updates, removal, etc.

If you need support from upstream, or need the latest features, you are better off getting it from the distributions systems like CPAN , gem, pear, etc.


apt-get update fails when updating from 17.04 to 17.10 after EOL, none of the mirrors can be found

First we will fix your repositories:
sudo sed -i -re 's/([a-z]{2}\.)?archive.ubuntu.com|security.ubuntu.com/old-releases.ubuntu.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

This should adjust your /etc/apt/sources.list to look similar to this:
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ zesty-updates main
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ zesty-backports main
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu zesty-security main
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu zesty main universe restricted multiverse

Then run:
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


Lubuntu - Turn on keybaord backlight - Sony Vaio Laptop

I had this issue on my VAIO, you need to add a sony-laptop.conf file and an option to enable/disable the backlighting:

$ echo "options sony-laptop kbd_backlight=1" > /etc/modprobe.d/sony-laptop.conf

Then reboot and the backlight should be enabled.

I found the answer after much searching on medium.


Netplan with NetworkManager require IPv4 address

With a Desktop installation, you should be using NetworkManager. Netplan is really for Server installations.

Netplan .yaml files are VERY fussy. No tabs, specific indentation, no extra spaces (you had lots of these at the end of each line).

To use NetworkManager...

Set your .yaml file to:

network:
  renderer: NetworkManager
  version: 2

sudo netplan --debug generate # generate config files

sudo netplan apply # apply configuration

reboot # reboot computer

And configure your network connections using the NM GUI.

To use netplan...

Set your .yaml file to:

network:
  renderer: networkd
  version: 2
  ethernets:
    eno2:
      dhcp4: true
      dhcp6: true

sudo netplan --debug generate # generate config files

sudo netplan apply # apply configuration

reboot # reboot computer


How to switch from Unity to Gnome through command line so Gnome runs on startup instead

I have figured it out, all I had to do was switch my display manager from lightdm to gdm3.

Start the terminal
Run sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm
Choose gdm3
Restart the display manager or Restart the computer (I had to restart the computer because the display manager didn't want to restart)


If I understand, you wish to have total control (read/write/create...) on the 'pihome' share.
Then, use the following:

[pihome]
    comment= Pi Home
    path=/home/pi
    browsable=yes
    writable=yes
    force create mode = 0777
    force directory mode = 0777
    public=yes

About the 'homes' section: this is normally referring to the directory that belongs to a specific user on Unix (normally /home/uid).  As such, it is intended to be only available per user (which means you have to enter uid + password)
I would therefore leave it unchanged from the default value:

[homes]
        comment = Unix user directory
        valid users = %S
        read only = No
        browseable = No


Where to report bugs against packages from ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa?

There is no support for the proprietary nvidia driver from Ubuntu, you need to file a bug with Nvidia

https://devtalk.nvidia.com/default/topic/522835/linux/if-you-have-a-problem-please-read-this-first/

That ppa is provided for testing only and is unsupported. From https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XorgOnTheEdge

  Warning: This is for testing only! Expect to screw up your X if you
  try this out. This page is meant to help testing of new upstream
  versions, to see if they fix Ubuntu bugs. If they do, a fix might be
  backported to the official packages, or they will be available in the
  next Ubuntu release.


Did u test the service using sudo?
Explain: You can check apache2 service without sudo, but you can't check for status of the service squid3 withoud root or sudo.


Package dependencies could not be resolved

Thought it would have been from actually "held" packages, but maybe not, or maybe not the only problem...

I've seen similar errors before caused from using non-standard repositories (wrong version/distro, odd private or PPAs). You might want to check your repos and try to reset them to "defaults."

This may not solve the problem, but making a backup copy of your current repos (sources.list... files) it would be easy to check & undo later.

Here's info from another answer of mine on Restoring Default Ubuntu Sources:

Backup the sources.list files

Just copy them to a backup folder somewhere, this should work:

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.old
sudo cp -R /etc/apt/sources.list.d /etc/apt/sources.list.d.old

or put the copy in your home somewhere:

sudo cp -R /etc/apt/sources.list* /home/myuser/

Restoring the default Ubuntu sources.list

For Ubuntu, if you do this it should generate a new fresh sources.list file

delete the old files (sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list and sudo rm -R /etc/apt/sources.list.d  but BACKUP FIRST).
Then do either of:

Run the Software Sources (from the programs menu / dash, or sudo software-properties-gtk or sudo software-sources) select/check-mark some repos, pick a server and update.
OR Generate a new one at http://repogen.simplylinux.ch/ using your version & country (to pick local mirrors), then copy & paste it into your new sources.list with
gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
or in a terminal  with
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

The site http://repogen.simplylinux.ch/ has a LOT of optional PPAs too.  [courtesy of How do I restore the default repositories? ]


It is available from ppa:ondrej/php.

apt-get install php5.6-gd

will install GD for PHP 5.6


SSH, Webmin, etc. stopped working after CPU upgrade

You are on windows however it must have similar tools to these ubuntu desktop commands ... issue this to view all IP visible maybe your ubuntu server IP address changed

sudo apt-get install arp-scan
sudo arp-scan

top line of output will show your network interface something like

Interface: wlp2s0, datalink type: EN10MB (Ethernet)

lets call it XXXXXX (its possibly wlp2s0)  now use that

sudo arp-scan -I XXXXXX -l

in my case I use

sudo arp-scan   -I wlp2s0  -l

its output is

Interface: wlp2s0, datalink type: EN10MB (Ethernet)
Starting arp-scan 1.9.5 with 256 hosts (https://github.com/royhills/arp-scan)
192.168.1.1 00:23:69:9e:ae:7d   Cisco-Linksys, LLC
192.168.1.101   94:0e:6b:07:43:d5   (Unknown)
192.168.1.104   f4:8c:50:9f:e0:34   (Unknown)

3 packets received by filter, 0 packets dropped by kernel
Ending arp-scan 1.9.5: 256 hosts scanned in 2.574 seconds (99.46 hosts/sec). 3 responded

What we are doing here is listing all IP visible to your laptop which should list your ubuntu server ... assure the IP listed is the one you are ssh into perhaps it got a new IP


Disable "Secure Boot" and enable "Load legacy Option Rom". It will turn "Boot list options" from black to blue, which otherwise stays black and doesn't allow to change the boot priority order. Pressing enter on "Boot list options" will take you to the list of options whether you want to prioritize boot from hard disk or usb or etc. Make Usb priority.
Restart your computer and press 12 (for dell) when your computer company logo appears on screen. It will take you to installation.

What is UEFI

Back in old days, computers would come with legacy boot options which would easily allow other viruses to boot into your operating system other than your desired OS. UEFI solved this. Computers with UEFI, allows only pre-installed windows to boot. Hence disabling you and viruses to boot into computer. If you want to do so, make sure you do above suggested things and it would work perfectly.

Note

Make sure you make bootable usb using Rufus and check "UEFI" instead of "Legacy". Otherwise usb wont be booting compatible with your UEFI computer


Setting up WebServer with my domain name

You have a lot of reading ahead of you my friend.  The short answer to your question is to install and configure Apache which is arguably the best web server software around.  It's been the standard that hosts the lion's share of web sites worldwide.  Fully answering your question would require a lot of typing so I'll just get you started.

Install apache by entering the command

sudo apt install apache2

Apache actually requires very little work and configuring to operate "out of the box".  However it is extremely rich in features and you could spend years really understanding all of it's ins and outs.  A good information starting point can be found at

https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/httpd.html

Once you get Apache operational you'll need to configure your Godaddy DNS to resolve to your server's IP address.  Your web server will need to have a fixed IP.  There are (complicated) ways around this but for simplicity do not try to run a web server that is connected via DHCP or that has a non-routable IP address.

I presume you are doing this as a learning exercise.  It's actually a lot easier and costs very little to have your web site hosted by an ISP.  About $10 USD per month.


Wifi occasionally stops working on Lenovo ideapad 100 laptop with Ubuntu 16.04

I had a similar problem with a Lenovo ideapad 300:

01:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8821AE 802.11ac PCIe Wireless Network Adapter [10ec:8821]
Subsystem: Lenovo RTL8821AE 802.11ac PCIe Wireless Network Adapter [17aa:a814]
Kernel driver in use: rtl8821ae
Kernel modules: rtl8821ae

Modifying the drivers and settings made no difference. I spent almost a week on this. In the end, installing wicd fixed it.


What's in "standard system utilities" in the server install?

I assume you mean on the software selection screen near the end of the install.

You can see the list of packages after install using tasksel

sudo tasksel --task-package standard

Your server will run fine with or without them and you can always install them later. They are all mostly convenience things like nano and ftp. If you want to save some space on your install unselect it and just install the utilities you want.

Here is the list for the 16.04 LTS release standard system utilities

manpages
dnsutils
bsdmainutils
psmisc
python3-gdbm
ufw
dosfstools
ed
telnet
powermgmt-base
ntfs-3g
ubuntu-release-upgrader-core
iputils-tracepath
python3-update-manager
groff-base
python3-distupgrade
bind9-host
mtr-tiny
bash-completion
mlocate
tcpdump
geoip-database
install-info
irqbalance
language-selector-common
friendly-recovery
command-not-found
info
hdparm
man-db
lshw
update-manager-core
apt-transport-https
accountsservice
command-not-found-data
python3-commandnotfound
time
ltrace
parted
popularity-contest
strace
ftp
ubuntu-standard
lsof


These awesome folks answered the question in comments. Thanks guys.

  Did you log in after adding yourself to sftpaccess ? The changes will
  not apply to shells already running at the time you changed group
  membership. – user4556274 4 mins ago

  please log out and log in again to see changes take effect. – George 1
  min ago


To edit the sources.list file open the terminal and type:

sudoedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Note that I used sudoedit to edit sources.list in the default terminal editor instead of gedit, because you shouldn't use normal sudo to start graphical applications as root. The correct path to sources.list is /etc/apt/sources.list not etc/apt/sources.list

The instructions for using the default nano text editor are always found at the bottom of every page. The only two nano keyboard shortcuts that you need to know are for WriteOut and Exit. Press the keyboard combination Ctrl+O and after that press Enter to save the file being edited. Press the keyboard combination Ctrl+X to exit nano.


how to use my vimrc file when edit file width sudo command

Add following mapping to your vimrc:

" Editing a protected file as 'sudo'
cmap W w !sudo tee % >/dev/null<CR>

Now edit the protected files as you normally do:

vim /etc/www/main.wsgi

but when you want to save the changes use :W instead of :w, vim will prompt for a sudo password, enter your sudo password and hit Enter. That's it!


Server side programming language to use for Gradebook system

Having used Java web frameworks as well as ASP.NET MVC and Ruby on Rails, I can say without a doubt that I by far prefer Rails for web development. I have not used Django on a project, but hear good things about it.

As far a jobs go, I did a search on Dice.com I got back these results:

web framework-wise
spring mvc jobs in california
1 - 30 of 1093 positions

ruby on rails jobs in california
1 - 30 of 666 positions

django jobs in california
1 - 30 of 108 positions

language-wise

java jobs in california  Create Job Alert
1 - 30 of 3138 positions

python jobs in california  Create Job Alert
1 - 30 of 1917 positions

ruby jobs in california  Create Job Alert
1 - 30 of 645 positions

Java has a huge market share, like .net, through the enterprise space. I like Ruby and the Rails web framework because they are both really fun to work with. After 20 years of programming, I was getting burned out on Java, C# and static languages. I picked Ruby over Python, because I liked the syntax and libraries, but Python is growing at a faster rate and is used at companies like Google.

One of the great things about Rails is that there is so many good educational sources to get you going early on. Here are a few:

Great tutorials on many aspect of Rails
http://guides.rubyonrails.org/

This one will embed good habits from the start
https://www.railstutorial.org/book

And then there ate the free 2 part UC Berkeley course on rails development
Part 1
https://www.edx.org/course/agile-development-using-ruby-rails-uc-berkeleyx-cs169-1x

Part 2
https://www.edx.org/course/agile-development-using-ruby-rails-uc-berkeleyx-cs169-2x

So I guess it depends on what your values are. If you value maximum enjoyment while programming, go rails. Good Luck!


How can I display time according to ISO 8601 in ubuntu 17.10?

I thought the time format could be set centrally, once and system wide, but it does not seem like it is possible.

So far I have discovered 3 necessary changes to get the time displayed according to ISO 8601 in the Ubuntu 17.10 desktop. This is the way I did:

Install Clock Override from Software Center and add %F %R in the field:  "Text to display instead of the clock".
Add alias ls="ls --time-style=long-iso" in ~/.bash_aliases.
Install Nemo from Software Center and replace Nautilus with Nemo as a favorite in the left side bar. In Nemo it is possible to select the time format in Edit->Preferences->Display according to ISO 8601.

In my country, Windows 7 comes configured according to ISO 8601 out of the box. I think it annoying that it is not in Ubuntu and also that these things are still so complicated to accomplish in Ubuntu.


I don't know JBoss. Is your script a one shot or does it keep running? For services that keep in foreground (on a terminal) and stay running you can write an upstart service something like the following. If it is a one shot or spawns a daemon process you need to edit the start script below, otherwise upstart won't have control over the process or tries to execute it several times.

The script needs to be executable and in /etc/init/myscript.conf. Then make a symbolic link from /etc/init.d/myscript to /lib/init/upstart-job

ln -s /lib/init/upstart-job /etc/init.d/myscript

You can start your script like this: service myscript start

description     "myscript"
author          "you"

start on (local-filesystems and net-device-up)
stop on runlevel [!2345]

kill timeout 50

respawn
respawn limit 1 5

env USER="user"
env PIDFILE="/var/run/myscript.pid"
env DAEMON="path/to/script"

pre-start script
  do smothing
end script

# starting ...
exec start-stop-daemon --start --chuid $USER --pidfile $PIDFILE --make-pidfile --exec $DAEMON -- all my options 2>&1 >> /var/log/my.log

pre-stop script
        do something
        sleep 2
end script

# spring clean
post-stop exec rm -f $PIDFILE

For more infos see : http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/


Is virtual box as effective as dual booting windows?

The only downfall is you have to share ram when running a virtual machine. You can actually dual boot within the virtual machine as well.

It's far safer testing in a vm than actually dual booting, but as far as effectiveness, really depends on what you want to do as Jo-Erlend Schinstad already said.


Ubuntu 12.10 Unity & Gnome Shell problems

What can I do to get my Unity environment back on Ubuntu 12.10 from the start, without using the terminal everytime ? and what should I do to prevent the all system to freeze once done ?

That sounds like something might be corrupted. You might want to try reinstalling Unity.

sudo apt-get purge unity should do it (note: I haven't actually tried it, and I'm not on an Ubuntu machine right now, so the package name might be something slightly different than "unity"). Then, reinstall it with sudo apt-get install unity (or whatever the exact package name turns out to be).

  Is there a way to merge those two bars ? Or is there a way to hide the Activities bar when I'm not using it like on Unity environment ?

The WebUpd8 team has an global menu extension (see their LaunchPad page for installation details). I don't know how well it works (the last post I saw on it was for Ubuntu 11.10, when the extension was still in alpha; the PPA says it's on version 0.9), but it's easy enough to install and try.

If that doesn't work, it is possible to tweak the bar through other methods. There are a few ways that you may be able to accomplish basically what you want:

Install Gnome-Tweak-Tool (Easy, may not get you what you want) This is probably the easiest way, though I don't know if it will have what you want. Just run sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool to get it, then open it up and find the settings for the Activities bar. Whatever features GTT is set up to change, you'll be able to change them there.

Resize the bar (Easy, may not get you what you want) A similar question over at Unix & Linux offers up a simple way to resize the bar:

  Hold both "Windows key + Alt" then "Right-click" the bar.

  Then click "Properties".

  In the "General Tab", simply resize the bar.

Install a different theme (Medium; easy to do, but a lot of work involved; may or may not get what you want) Here's a good tutorial for doing so. Basically, install Gnome-Tweak and Gnome-Extensions, and find a theme you like, install it, and enable it in Gnome-Tweak.

Edit your theme's CSS (Advanced, can get what you want if the CSS renderer allows for it, or you're creative with CSS) Gnome Shell is largely powered by web technologies (CSS, HTML, and JavaScript), which means you can do quite a bit of customization if you're not afraid to get your hands a little dirty. This may allow you to make changes that aren't available in the Properties. Here's a quick overview:

Find your theme's CSS file This will depend on your install, and whether you're using a custom theme. I recommend Googling something like "Ubuntu 12.10 gnome shell theme location", though the above Unix & Linux cites /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css as the location (this may be different if you have a custom theme). Then, open it with Gedit, or your favorite text editor (may need sudo for this).

Find the #panel block Once you've found the #panel block, you can change a number of its attributes, using CSS. Adjusting the font size will make it shorter (it's set up so its height is based on the text size).

I'm not totally sure if this will work, since the Gnome devs have only implemented some of the CSS properties, but you may be able to do this to show/hide the top bar:

#panel {
  height: 1px; /* Adjust to desired minimize height, while still allowing you to hover over it. */
  /* Other properties. */
}

#panel:hover {
  height: 12px; /* Adjust to desired full size. */
}

Reload Gnome Shell Press alt+F2, then type r in the box, and hit enter. This will reload the Gnome Shell (yes, it may disappear momentarily, but it will reappear).

For more things to tweak in the CSS, there's this awesome little post on the Ubuntu forums.


Change Alt+Right-Mouse Drag for resizing window

You can use the Window Manager Preferences in xfce:

All Settings > Window Manager > Keyboard Tab

Select the Resize window action and double click, then press your preferred keyboard shortcut and it's done. Now you can press your selected key combination and move your cursor afterwards to resize the current window.

Window Manager preferences with custom Resize window keyboard shortcut


I resolved the problem with:

sudo apt install gnome-control-center && reboot


Intel Centrino Wireless-N 2230 won't connect, keeps asking for password

You need to set a kernel module option. Run in a terminal

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi-opt.conf <<< "options iwlwifi 11n_disable=8"

and reboot.

That sets the enable agg TX option for the iwlwifi module. This is required for this adapter to work in 802.11n mode well.


Problem with Cuda-5.0 under Ubuntu 12.10

Your command line is showing that, even though you're invoking nvcc from the CUDA 5.0 directory, you end up starting the CUDA 4.2 compilation tools. This version does not support compiling for compute capability 3.5.

So, your primary issue is that you are not invoking the correct compiler. Also, do you have a device of compute capability 3.5? That would be a device based on the new GK110 chip. I think the only card available right now is the Tesla K20.

If you don't have a K20 card, you'll have to compile for a lower compute capability. That is, alter compute_35 to, for instance, compute_20, for a Fermi based card. This is regardless of which compiler you end up using.


Ubuntu 18.04 NO AUDIO problem for some work

I was through a similar problem only difference is my USB headphone was working.

Somehow this worked
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2197749

Closing the screen lid and opening again, voila sound was back.


The .wav files are from the skype-bin package.

You may try to reinstall that package:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall skype-bin

I have the .wav files at the following locations, Ubuntu 13.04:

/usr/share/skype/sounds/CallBusy.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/CallConnecting.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/CallFailed.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/CallHangup.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/CallHold.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/CallRemoteHangup.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/CallResume.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/CallRingingIn.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/CallRingingOut.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/ChatIncoming.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/ChatIncomingInitial.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/ChatOutgoing.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/ContactAdded.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/ContactAuthRequest.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/ContactOffline.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/ContactOnline.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/SkypeLogin.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/SkypeLogout.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/TransferComplete.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/TransferFailed.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/TransferRequest.wav
/usr/share/skype/sounds/VoicemailReceived.wav


Remove a domain user account from local workstation, not from AD Domain

Just remove the domain useres home directory under /home. Ubuntu doesn't store any domain user files outside /home


System is running in low-graphics mode: 13.10

If you have nvidia optimus inside your laptop try to generate new x server configuration by using nvidia-xconfig as a root.


How to return to command line in 12.04 server

Try to press CTRL+Z, you should get a prompt then type bg to resume it but running as a background process.

You can type ps -aef to look for the command PID to eventually kill it:

sudo kill -9 PID_of_your_command


how does ibus-mozc direct input mode work

This is about ibus-mozc on 16.04 LTS.

You have to activate ibus first, then set your favorite MOD Key for toggle ibus on/off by default, probably it is set to Super + Space but this might conflict other global hotkey/keyboard shortcuts, I recommend to change it, e.g. Control + Space or R_Alt whatever you don't usually use it.

When you type alphabet ibus off, when you type Japanese Hiragana ibus on.

p.s. Now I think fcitx-mozc has less problems than ibus-mozc. And ibus team will release a new project soon after 17.10 and 18.04 LTS.


64-Bit installation only gives my a 32-bit OS

Your uname output indeed indicates a 32 bit OS, It appears that you accidentally flipped the dropdown on the page you provided from 64 to 32 bit.

My uname output from the 64-bit ISO link that you provided ends with X86_64.

You should check the md5sum of your download to insure it matches before you re-burn.

You can find references to the md5sum here: MD5 hash for ubuntu .iso (14.04 through 16.10)


To change cursor and colours in a terminal:

Open a terminal window, click Edit, then Profile Preferences then edit the Cursor shape setting.

To 'include more libraries', click the Ubuntu icon in the top left of the screen - this opens the dash. Then type Software - the first thing that pops up is the Ubuntu Software Center - you use this to search for and install new programs (games, office suites, IDEs for programming, etc.)


Burg is not in the official repositories of Ubuntu, to install it you have to add the Burg's PPA first.

to do so, run the following commands

get into super user mode

sudo -s

add burgs repository

add-apt-repository ppa:n-muench/burg

update your repositories and install burg

aptitude update

aptitude install burg burg-themes


What you're hearing is clipping, this occurs when the waveform changes sharply or suddenly, to a value more than the audio's maximum tolerance. It occurs most commonly in LMMS when a waveform is cut wrongly, which is likely what is happening here.

My first instinctive solution is to lower the instrument's volume, so your note isn't as likely to hit the audio 'ceiling'.

If that doesn't work, and your sound doesn't clip while playing, my personal best solution is to edit the instrument properties so that the envelope has a sustain / release value to it. This will lower the volume quickly instead of simply cutting off the note.

There are also other tools out there such as Audacity that have features/plugins to help remove clipping. If you're OK with it during production, you could simply go back over your exported sound and edit it.

If your instrument is always doing this, you should take a look at the MIDI velocity the notes are coming in at. It may be a bit too high for many instruments not to clip.


"./configure: command not found" error when trying to install the JRE

The stuff you are trying to download from java.com is already compiled; they're already binaries. This link contains instructions on how to install the 64-bit version, and here provides instructions for the 32-bit (i386) version.

The JRE and JDK from Oracle (the same that are on java.com) are proprietary ones, but they are known to have mostly the same source code as OpenJDK, the open-source version that is also in Ubuntu. OpenJDK is recommended to be used in Ubuntu over the Oracle one because it is officially maintained by Canonical. To install OpenJDK's JRE (equivalent to what you're trying to install now) in Ubuntu 10.04, run the following command:

sudo apt-get install openjdk-6-jre

or click here.

Note that this is OpenJDK 6, not the latest version 7. The instructions in the first paragraph are for Oracle Java 7.


So it seems that /dev/sda1 (the first partition of the first hard drive) has errors. In the screen shot you can see some details on the error and some advice on running FSCK manually.

I usually see this happen due to improper shutdown or power failure, but there are many reasons a file system can be corrupt.

Boot from your installation CD, and when you are presented with the option to install or try, select try. The button is usually titled "Try Ubuntu".

Once booted to a working desktop, open a terminal and type

sudo fsck -y /dev/sda1

This will run FSCK (File System ChecK) on /dev/sda1 and attempt to automatically repair errors as it goes.

If you don't want the automatic repair to happen, but prefer to acknowledge and repair each error manually, you can miss out the -y switch.

sudo fsck /dev/sda

I always include the -y, but it is up to you.


Disable suspend / hibernate via the policykit

Instead of etc/polkit-1/50-local.d/

You can find 50-local.d in this path:

/etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/disable-shutdown.pkla


directories missing, only the home folder showing?

Go into whatever folder you want to show up in places and press Ctrl + d.


Ensure popup / context menus appear on the same monitor as click that opened them

Although this isn't really a perfect answer, updating to Ubuntu 14.10 fixed this for me. I imagine there are some packages that are part of the Ubuntu 14.10 install that could be manually installed on Ubuntu 14.04 to fix this behaviour; who knows which ones they are.


How can I configure Juju for deployment on HP Cloud?

If you have juju-quickstart installed, you can do juju quickstart -i; this will give you a form to fill out for your cloud provider.

Here are the full instructions:

Setting up Juju with HP Cloud

Official docs:

HP Cloud for Juju documentation
Documentation
General OpenStack configuration: How can I configure Juju for deployment on OpenStack?


Make Firefox ask for master password when PC unlocked or VNC session

This is probably a bit of a disapointing answer but the silver lining is that other responders reading this might be given an idea for your perfect solution: Google Chrome under Ubuntu does this by default.

Funily enough it's something most people don't want.

But I suspect you can use the keyring features:
How do I change the "Default" password
to trigger and lock firefox when waking from suspend or being unlocked in general.

If not then I'm sorry for the wild goose chase. I'll edit this answer as more info rolls in.

In the meantime using Chrome could be a workaround.


Cannot remove Folder View widgets from Plasma5 desktop

I have found a solution.

The most acceptable way is to edit the file /~.config/plasma-org.kde.plasma.desktop-appletsrc and remove some if not all parts that refer to "folder". I have deleted all parts that included the word "folder", and it seems that the problem was fixed. The only customization that I wanted but was lost/reset in this way was the wallpaper - and the panel height.

That file can be removed completely but its removal would reset all the Plasma desktop settings.

(Removing or renaming the folder /usr/share/plasma/plasmoids/org.kde.plasma.folder removes completely this buggy plasmoid, but leaves me with no wallpaper and no mouse actions on the desktop, so that is not a solution.)


How to set Rhythmbox default for mp3 [Not working]

Although there are similar questions and answers in Ask Ubuntu that dance around the bush none of them cut to the chase (that I've found so far). You need to perform a few steps to get Rhythmbox as the default music player:

In Nautilus file manager navigate to any .mp3 file.
Give the it focus with a single left click.
Hover the mouse over the top screen line (systray)
A menu is revealed on the systray from that select File
At the drop down menu select Properties
From the Properties window select the Open With tab:

Select Rhythmbox as the application and click the lower right button Set as Default


"connect to hidden wireless Network" needs always admin authorization

Edit/or create the Policy Kit definition file that (may or may not be included with your installation

sudo nano /var/lib/polkit-1/localauthority/10-vendor.d/com.ubuntu.desktop.pkla

Insert or Find the following chunk

[Adding or changing system-wide NetworkManager connections]
Identity=unix-group:admin
Action=org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.settings.modify.system
ResultActive=yes

Change

Identity=unix-group:admin

To read

Identity=unix-group:network-users

Create the group network-users

sudo addgroup network-users

Add yourself (repeat for other users, replacing $USER with their username)

sudo adduser $USER network-users

You may not have to restart for this to take effect.


Weird screen glitch in Ubuntu (when black dominates)

It could be a hardware problem, or a video driver problem.

To help eliminate a hardware problem...

Boot with nomodeset, which will eliminate the video drivers as a concern. Screen resolution will be off, but retest using your black screen test, and see if the same problem occurs. If the problem still occurs, then you have a hardware problem.

Boot to the GRUB menu
Hit the e key to enter edit mode
Use the arrow keys and find the string "quiet splash"
Change it to "quiet splash nomodeset"
Hit CTRL+x, or F10 to continue booting

This is a temporary setting and will only last until the next boot.

Update your Nvidia video driver...

You have version 390.116, and 418.88 is the current version for your GTX765M video card. Get the newer version at https://www.geforce.com/drivers.

Note: Have good backups before installing the newer driver.

Check your BIOS version...

In the terminal app, type sudo dmidecode -s bios-version and note the version number. Version 210 is the current version, and can be downloaded from https://www.asus.com/us/ROG-Republic-Of-Gamers/ROG-G750JW/HelpDesk_BIOS/

Note: Check your model # to verify that this is the correct ASUS web page.

Note: Have good backups before installing the newer BIOS.


How do I change the default permissions of home directories created with adduser?

If you want to change this permanently for all new users you need to alter

/etc/adduser.conf

Find the option DIR_MODE and set it to the permissions you want it to be.

In general you do not need write permissions for others (if you do set it to write access anyone from "outside" is able to delete that dir. That is if they can access your machine ofcourse).


Changing default WIFI connection from repeater to router in Ubuntu 18.04

I would discourage tying your computer to only the router. The whole point of the router and repeater is to let the computer select the strongest signal to connect to.
However, to do what you wish, you'll need the SSID and BSSID of the router. Edit an existing wireless connection profile that already connects to the desired wireless network. The SSID will already be filled in. Now select the BSSID that matches your router, and you're done.
The BSSID can be found on the MAC address label on the router, or by using the nmcli device wifi list command, or by clicking on the down arrow in the BSSID field.

Another thing that can be done is to create two connection profiles, named, say, Trinity-Router and Trinity-Repeater, each hardwired to a different BSSID, and assign priorities. Use nm-connection-editor...


Disable all USB Storage devices and enable some devices based on Vendorid

You can use inequality for exceptions:

ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="usb-storage", ATTRS{idVendor}!="054c", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 0 >/sys%p/authorized'"


Vim is a text based editor (to be used in a terminal), not a GUI program. It doesn't use menus but keyboard shortcuts. I use it a lot, but this is likely because I grow used to it long time ago, while I was working on Xenix and SCO Unix machines.

It has no launcher on the menu, open the terminal and type vim to start it.


Binary MO files need to be generated at build time. This means that your build system needs to have a build target to read the textual PO files used as the source and convert them to the binary MO files that will be installed in the user's system. As you correctly point out, the msgfmt command (part of the gettext tools) will ultimately create them.

So to answer the last part of the question, yes, MO files are machine-dependant.

Creating MO files the hard way

Now onto how to create them, in the standard gettext layout you'll generally have all PO files in the same directory, one per language and named after each language's ISO-639 2-letter or 3-letter code:

po/
po/ca.po
po/de.po
...

If you want to build them manually, you'll have to walk through each file in that dir and invoke msgfmt manually, e.g.

$ msgfmt -c po/ca.po -o build/locale/LC_MESSAGES/ca/myapp.mo

But you don't want to be doing this when there is already an established way and automated tools created especially for the operation of building MO files.

Furthermore, these tools take care of other associated tasks, such as extracting translations from the code and putting them all together in a POT file to give to translators to do their work.

Creating MO files the clever way

If you are using Python, I very much recommeng using the python-distutils-extra package (install p-d-e), which automates and hides away the complexity by just having to specify the following in the setup.py file you'll use to build, install and distribute your app. Same example as @dobey was already pointing out on his answer:

DistUtilsExtra.auto.setup(
    name='myapp',
    version='0.1',
    #license='GPL-3',
    #author='Your Name',
    #author_email='email@ubuntu.com',
    #description='UI for managing …',
    #long_description='Here a longer description',
    #url='https://launchpad.net/myapp'
)

That will take care of everything for you.

If you want to test translations before shipping them, you can use the handy build_i18n command from python-distutils-extra:

$ python setup.py build_i18n

This will build all the PO files in your /po folder and will put them under build (it will create it if it doesn't exist) in the same layout gettext expects when they are installed in a system.

You can then test your application with translations either by:
 * Copying the contents of /build to /usr/share/locale, or
 * Pointing your app to the build directory using the gettext.bindtextdomain() function:

gettext.bindtextdomain(domain='myapp', localedir='/home/me/dev/myapp/build')

Being even cleverer

Stand on the shoulder of giants. Simply create a test application with Quickly and copy how translations are set up in setup.py, which basically boils down to using the DistutilsExtra module in auto mode, as outlined above.

You can use the test app to play with generating translations too and learn how the generation works.

Packaging

The tarball you put together as part of a release should not include the .mo files. That is, you don't have to build them manually. That needs to happen when either someone builds the tarball contents to install manually or when e.g. a Debian binary package is being created.

Looking at your source tree, I would suggest again to use a build system such as python-distutils-extra, which will also help with the packaging. Roughly, you'll need to:

Create a setup.py file with contents similar to those suggested above
Create the packaging control files under debian/. Using p-d-e your debian/rules file can become very simple and consist of only a few lines.

Actually, you might just want to use Quickly to create the harness for the build and packaging system for your app and then replace Quickly's generated source code for the test application with your application's code.


Ubuntu 14.04 does not give resolution option that Vista gives

Please open this file

sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Find the section "device" and add this line to it

Option"ModeValidation" "NoMaxPClkCheck"

Now reboot and see if your resolutions are back


Install Ubuntu directly to HDD from Win XP

So, there was a way to do this with WUBI, but WUBI is now abandoned and is no longer recommended.

Now, I also had this same issue with an older Dell desktop. What I ended up doing was using a USB floppy drive and loading up a standard 3.5" floppy with the Plop Boot Manager, which allows you to boot from USB even if the BIOS doesn't support it. (The older BIOSes support booting from a USB floppy drive/CD drive)

Of course, you could also do the same thing with a USB CD/DVD drive (just burn PLOP to the CD)


How can I get php scripts to run locally in a browser?

Install the package libapache2-mod-php5 (which will also install the package for the webserver: apache2). Files can be put in /var/www.

If you then open http://localhost/index.html in your browser, /var/www/index.html is displayed.

The default settings are pretty secure, PHP errors are logged to /var/log/apache2/error_log and not showed in the browser. To change this on a development machine, edit /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini and change display_errors = Off to display_errors = On.

Some modules are not installed by default. If you do image processing, you likely need the GD library for PHP, package php5-gd. To get a list of all available modules, open a terminal, type sudo apt-get install php5- and hit Tab twice to get a list.

See also: How to avoid using sudo when working in /var/www?


Ubuntu 12.04-Wine-Hearthstone/battle.net installing CRASH!

SOLVED

wincfg

added Battle.net.exe to Applications

Changed Windows Ver to WinXP "was set to win7"

Set Libraries per Wine app DB

libraries are set on:

battle.net.dll (Native, Builtin)

dbghelp (turned off)

msvcp100 (Native, Builtin)

msvcr100 (Native Builtin)

wininet (Builtin)

Hope this helps someone

<3 Cody


You just needed to change "encoded/${f%.avi}.mp4" to "encoded/${f%.mp4}.mp4" or "encoded/${f%.*}.mp4":
mkdir encoded
for f in *.mp4; do ffmpeg -i "$f" -c:v libx264 -crf 23 -preset medium -c:a copy -movflags +faststart "encoded/${f%.*}.mp4"; done

I removed all of the other stuff you didn't need. I assumed your input audio is already AAC so I used -c:a copy to enable stream copy mode which is like a copy and paste.
-crf 23 -preset medium are the default so you can remove those if you are fine with those values. Otherwise, see FFmpeg Wiki: H.264 for guidance on what -crf and -preset values to use.


My volume is either max volume or muted, no middle ground

I have the same laptop and couldn't get volume control work well for a long time. Any level of volume was at the highest volume of the laptop speakers so I used it always on mute. This issue only affected speakers and not headphones (from plug or bluetooth).

I found a working solution based on this answer:

Edit the file /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/analog-output.conf.common (with sudo):

sudo vi /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/analog-output.conf.common

Add the following lines before the [Element PCM] block:

    [Element Master]
    switch = mute
    volume = ignore

Kill the running daemon:

pulseaudio -k

After this steps I got the volume level working for my speakers. I assume a new daemon started automatically after killing the runnig daemon. If the daemon does not start, try to start it manually with:

pulseaudio -D

Hope this helps!


How can I switch from Desktop to Server without reinstalling via CD?

It can be done with either one of these

sudo apt-get --purge remove gnome-desktop-environment

or

sudo apt-get --purge remove gnome-*

And there are probably even more methods. Re-installing, without formatting if you want to preserve settings, is most likely less time consuming though.

If you want to change the kernel you need to install these files:

linux-server
linux-headers-2.6.38-10-server
linux-headers-server
linux-image-2.6.38-10-server
linux-image-server
linux-restricted-modules-2.6.38-10-server
linux-restricted-modules-server
linux-ubuntu-modules-2.6.38-10-server

where 2.6.38-10 is the kernel version (change it to the one you are installing). And to remove the desktop kernel:

linux-generic
linux-headers-2.6.38-10-generic
linux-headers-generic
linux-image-2.6.38-10-generic
linux-image-generic
linux-restricted-modules-2.6.38-10-generic
linux-restricted-modules-generic
linux-ubuntu-modules-2.6.38-10-generic

Change 2.6.38-10 to the one you are using.

Warning:

changing kernels can bork your system beyond any repair.
do not remove the old kernel before you can confirm the new one to work.
ofcourse untested


Ubuntu bad for webcam recording/screencasting or is it just me?

I usually use ffmpeg from the command line to either do screencasting or even to record video from my embeded webcam. It can be ressource greedy depending on what type of video you want to create but it's always of very good quality!
For example to record your desktop you can use:
ffmpeg -f x11grab -s wuxga -r 14 -i :0.0 -b 800k -an -vcodec mpeg4 screencast.avi

There is also a v4l2 format to capture video from webcam
ffmpeg -f v4l2 -i /dev/video0 -an -b 800k -acodec libmp3lame -vcodec mpeg4 screencast.avi

To be honnest I almost never capture sound but it's worth give ffmpeg a try.

Note that some distro deprecated ffmpeg in favour of avconv (libavtools).


Command line to check version of a file with wget?

wget --content-disposition URL

Update: This is supposed to be the command but according to the man page it is experimental. It may not work.

You can use wget --no-clobber "URL". What this does is skips any files that you already have. Though I am bit confused. If you already have the URL to the exact filename, how could the version be different? I would make it version controlled/archived.

wget --spider "URL" may also be useful for you.

The man wget description

    ‘--spider’ When invoked with this option, Wget will behave as a Web spider, which means that it will not download the pages, just check
    that they are there. For example, you can use Wget to check your
    bookmarks:

      `wget --spider --force-html -i bookmarks.html`

  This feature needs much more work for Wget to get close to the functionality of
  real web spiders.


`xcalib -i -a` won't invert colors anymore

The extension "Invert Color" might work for you as a quick-fix if you work in a Gnome environment. See https://github.com/maiself/gnome-shell-extension-invert-color


Check http://wiki.linuxmusicians.com/doku.php?id=system_configuration
First thing I would check is CPU frequency scaling. Try to disable that and see if that yields any improvement.

Regards,

Jeremy


How can I enable edge stop velocity in 14.04?

You can enable it (if using Unity which should be the default) by running:

dconf write /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/launcher-capture-mouse true

Then, to customize how fast/hard you need to move the mouse to jump between displays:

dconf write /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/stop-velocity 20
dconf write /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/overcome-pressure 1

Note that this only works if you have the Unity launcher on all the screens and you can reset to that state by running:

dconf write /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/num-launchers 0


How do I add a directory to MANPATH or INFOPATH?

These 2 are almost the same:

export PATH=/usr/share/lib/something:$PATH
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/share/lib/something

The only difference is that the first one puts the directory to add in front and the second one puts it behind the current directories in $PATH. It only matters if there are commands inside /usr/share/lib/something that have the same name inside one of the directories in $PATH.
To add directories to $MANPATH or $INFOPATH as required from the link you posted you do that by changing the config files inside the link.

It says to open the global version of bash.bashrc with:

sudo vi /etc/bash.bashrc

and to add at the end:

PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2010/bin/x86_64-linux:$PATH; export PATH
MANPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2010/texmf/doc/man:$MANPATH; export MANPATH
INFOPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2010/texmf/doc/info:$INFOPATH; export INFOPATH

This sets $PATH, $MANPATH and $INFOPATH. And it also tells you to edit /etc/manpath.config with:

sudo vi /etc/manpath.config

and to add

MANPATH_MAP /usr/local/texlive/2010/bin/x86_64-linux /usr/local/texlive/2010/texmf/doc/man

underneath # set up PATH to MANPATH mapping.

If you are unsure about this make a backup 1st (never a bad thing) with:

sudo cp /etc/bash.bashrc /etc/bash.backup_$(date +"%Y_%m_%d").bashrc
sudo cp /etc/manpath.config /etc/manpath.backup_$(date +"%Y_%m_%d").config

The weird string changes into the current date. If you mess up just copy the backup back over the original file:

$ touch test1
$ cp test1 test1.$(date +"%Y_%m_%d")
$ ls
test1  test1.2014_11_14


Volume adjuster and icon at the top of the screen is missing

Lauch it in your terminal

gnome-sound-applet &

FMI see Sound applet has dissappeared


Contents of Downloads folder are gone ubuntu 12.04

Just check whether your folder is hidden or not.
If it's not hidden than I think the folder has been deleted by mistake ..

So you can see the section for recovering files and folders here :

How to recover Deleted Files and Folders?


Unable to boot into Ubuntu after fresh installation

I have encountered the misaligned partition warning before and it never effected the system booting.  More than likely the reason your system is booting straight into Windows 7 and not prompting you is because Ubuntu wasn't added to the MBR.  If you are comfortable editing your MBR then log into Windows and do so.  If you are not that comfortable doing so, I would suggest a program called EasyBCD.  EasyBCD is a program that gives you a GUI to edit your MBR, and it is incredibly easy to use.

Here is a link to EasyBCD: http://download.cnet.com/EasyBCD/3000-2094_4-10556865.html?tag=mncol;1


How to show Google Calendar events in the Clock widget?

There are some known bugs with Korganizer not displaying recurring calendar events from GCal. There are several workarounds which usually involve running shell scripts with cron in order to sync Google calendars locally.


how to set owner and permission to a cryptsetup made device?

The reality is that Cryptsetup uses Loop devices / Losetup in order to mount a loopback file to /dev/mapper/MyEncryptedVolume.

udev can resolve the situation.

There is two options : let cryptsetup choose the loopdevice or dedicate a loop device for this.

I chose the second part.

In this example I use /dev/loop5

Create a file named 99-myspecial.rules into the folder /etc/udev/rules.d/
insert this :

KERNEL=="loop5" MODE="0600" OWNER="MyUser" GROUP="MyGroupUser" ENV{UDISKS_IGNORE}="1" ENV{UDISKS_PRESENTATION_HIDE}="1" ENV{ID_DRIVE_EJECTABLE}="0"

This tells udisk (witch is the real trouble maker in that situation) to ignore the volume, to hide the icon, that the volume is not ejectable (aka it's not a cdrom). You also specify that only one user can access to that volume.
Then Restart udev service
Then I link the loop device like this :

losetup /folder/myflatfile.img /dev/loop5

And then I use cryptsetup as I want with the loop device as source.

Hopes that helps someone more than me.


Route complete TLD (*.dev for example) to 127.0.0.1

In Ubuntu 12.10 or later you can do this with dnsmasq as run by NetworkManager.

Create the directory mkdir /etc/NetworkManager/dnsmasq.d if it doesn't already exist.

sudo mkdir /etc/NetworkManager/dnsmasq.d

Toss the following line into /etc/NetworkManager/dnsmasq.d/dev-tld.

address=/dev/127.0.0.1

(Ubuntu 12.10) Restart NetworkManager.

sudo service network-manager restart

(Ubuntu > 13.04) Restart Dnsmasq.

sudo service dnsmasq restart

Enjoy the awesomeness.


Use symlinks for zero downtime web delopyment

If you really want to use symbolic links, yes, you will have to move or public_html to make it a link. You could do something like:

- public_html → production
- production
    - app/
    - public/
    - vendor/
    - index.php
- test /
    - app /
    - public/
    - vendor/
    - index.php

production and test are both outside of public_html, and public_html is a link to production. Then rename production and test as needed.


How can i pass the sudo password as an argument in my command?

Shuffle the command a bit, moving the echo for the source inside the sudo command:

echo password | sudo -S sh -c 'echo "deb http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/debian 311x main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cassandra.sources.list'


As seen from the output of:
sudo apt-get purge nodejs

it is only removing node related packages i.e. relevant packages, nothing more.
On the other hand, when you do:
sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove nodejs

it is essentially doing:
sudo apt-get purge nodejs
sudo apt-get autoremove

and the removal of the gyp, linux-headers-4.4.0-18-generic etc packages are actually triggered by autoremove as they were installed as dependencies and no longer needed by any installed package, presumably because the main package has been removed.
So it is perfectly fine in this context to run:
sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove nodejs

If you are too paranoid, you can do it in two steps: first purge nodejs:
sudo apt-get purge nodejs

and then remove the orphan dependencies (till now, if any):
sudo apt-get autoremove


I solved the problem. Or at least I hope I have :) One successful reboot so far, fingers crossed :)

I had a hunch that the issue was with the video driver, namely with the fact that some fglrx* package might have been updated. So, I followed my own tutorial regarding ATI video-cards re-installation (in the past I had a lot of issue with my ATI drivers, so I wrote that post to help me). I reverted to the mesa drivers, and now the reboot seems to work:

$sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx fglrx_* fglrx-amdcccle* fglrx-dev*
$sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bck
$sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:amd64 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 xserver-xorg-core
$sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg
$sudo reboot

For now I'll stick to said drivers and won't install the official ATI one. Anyway, the official driver for my card is a legacy one, last updated in January 2013 (quite old I would say)


bash doesn't think lxc is installed, apt thinks it is

Interesting. I get the same:

$ sudo apt-get install lxc
...
$ lxc
The program 'lxc' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:
sudo apt-get install lxc
$

If you run:

$ dpkg-query -L lxc

you can see what files lxc has installed. There are a bunch in /usr/bin that start lxc-, like /usr/bin/lxc-list which do work, and some start up stuff in /etc/init.d/.

So, I reckon it is installed OK, you just need to find the name of the right executable.


SSD died, it had grub/Win10/boot, but HDD has linux, how to recover?

Create a new ESP - efi system partition on either drive and do a total uninstall/reinstall of grub. Be sure to partition drive with gpt(GUID) partitioning, not old MBR(msdos).
Often easier to use Boot-Repair & its advanced mode to choose install & which drive's ESP to use.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair &
https://sourceforge.net/p/boot-repair/home/Home/
Ubuntu's Ubiquity installer only wants to install to first drive, sda or first NVMe drive, but grub can be installed to any drive. I like to have an ESP on every drive, even if just as a backup of my main ESP and may still need a repair to work.
UEFI/gpt partitioning in Advance, new versions do not need swap partition:
How to prepare a disk on an EFI based PC for Ubuntu?
Note that 16.04 reaches EoL - end of life early next year, so need to start planning on 18.04 or 20.04 install. I prefer to have / on SSD and data on HDD. But after installing new larger SSD, I now have most data on SSD, and HDD is more for backup. But no Windows to confuse things.


The rm command will take some time, if you're not getting any errors, just let it run. If you do get errors, try some of these solutions:

find

find ~/ -maxdepth 1 -name 9fybsyiikg -delete

rm and wait, this might take a while (yes, I know you tried it but it might help others)

rm -rf ~/9fybsyiikg

You might just have too many files, try this

find  ~/9fybsyiikg -delete && rmdir ~/9fybsyiikg

If all else fails, use some Perl magic:

perl -e 'use File::Path; rmtree "$ARGV[0]"' ~/9fybsyiikg

Explanation

-e : run the script passed on the command line
rmtree : a command from the File::PAth module that deletes whole directory trees


Any recovery from this? sudo chmod 600 .*

Whew, the recovery here was actually smoother than I expected and everything SEEMS in pretty good shape again.

Huge thanks to @CharlesGreen for an explanation of how that command extended up a directory. Also thanks to @Panther for info on getting into recovery mode for a somewhat related issue. (if you both want to re-share your comments as answers I'd upvote them)

Fortunately, unlike the linked post, this seems to have had a very straightforward fix. It seems when I ran the sudo chmod 600 .* command from only one directory under / it expanded the .* portion UP to the true root directory altering permissions of . from / causing every other permission to fall over.

The "fix" for this was to boot into recovery mode, re-mounting the drive as read/write, going to the main root (cd /), and then chmod +rx .. After a reboot, everything looks to be back to normal.

Moral of the story, executing a command on .* can at least sometimes impact the directory ABOVE the current. I had intended to only impact files that started with ....oops.

Huge thanks to everyone that commented and helped.


Lets say that «boris» is my logon such as /home/boris is my home folder.

1. set the «server» computer:

install nfs-kernel-server and nfs-common

$ sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server
$ sudo apt-get install nfs-common

in /etc/exports, define the folder to be shared by adding this:

/home/boris   192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=1001,anongid=1001,subtree_check)

with:
/home/boris is the folder to be shared
rw for read and write access of the client
sync ??
all_squash ??
192.168.1.0/24 is a range of client computer IP address of your local network
1001 is the user and group ID. To find it $ id boris
manage hosts, 1st allow nobody in /etc/hosts.deny add

portmap:ALL
nfsd:ALL
mountd:ALL

Then allow your  client computer in /etc/hosts.allow add

portmap:192.168.1.0/24
lockd:192.168.1.0/24
nfsd:192.168.1.0/24
mountd:192.168.1.0/24
rquotad:192.168.1.0/24
statd:192.168.1.0/24

with 192.168.1.0/24 is a range of client computer IP address of your local network
set the firewall UFW

$ sudo ufw enable
$ sudo ufw default deny incoming
$ sudo ufw default deny outgoing
$ sudo ufw allow from 192.168.1.0/24
$ sudo ufw allow out from 192.168.1.0/24

with 192.168.1.0/24 is a range of client computer IP address of your local network
start the server

$ sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server start

or after a modification of /etc/exports

$ sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart

2. set the «client» computer:

install nfs-common and autofs

$ sudo apt-get install nfs-common
$ sudo apt-get install autofs

create the folder used to mount the connection with the server

$ sudo mkdir /media/shareFolder

set autofs to automatically mount this folder,
in /etc/auto.master add this line:

/media/shareFolder /etc/auto.nfs --ghost, --timeout=60

in /etc/auto.nfs  add this line

boris  -fstype=nfs,rw,intr,uid=1001,guid=1001   192.168.1.1:/home/boris

with:
192.168.1.1 is the address of server computer
/home/boris is the folder shared on server computer.
1001 is the user and group ID. To find it $ id boris
rw for read and write access
set the firewall UFW

$ sudo ufw enable
$ sudo ufw default deny incoming
$ sudo ufw default deny outgoing
$ sudo ufw allow to 192.168.1.1
$ sudo ufw allow out to 192.168.1.1

with 192.168.1.1 is the address of the server computer
and reboot your client computer.


Ubuntu Touch -Adding photos to Instragram

From what I can see the last update is that Instragram don’t offer an upload API’s to the Ubuntu developers. As a result, they have only been able to create a superb Instragram Scope that allows you to read and leave comments, like images, view account details and a few more options, but not load your own photos. Hopefully, this will change soon and the upload API’s will find their way to the developers. When they do, the Scope will be tip top.


No GUI and Long on screen in ubuntu 14.04 after removing GTK

If you uninstalled only gtk+, command line should still work.

Turn on the PC.
After Ubuntu boots press ctrl+alt+f2 to switch to command line mode.
Login. First it asks your username, then password. There will be no indication that you are typing password. Just press Enter after you've finished. Language settings may be different from usual, try them when asked for username.
Type sudo apt-get install libgtk-3-0 libgtk2.0-0
After computer finished downloading press ctrl+alt+f7
Profit?

See What is a tty, and how do I access a tty? for reference.


The acl package provides commands for manipulating ACLs, however the actual support for ACLs is provided by libacl1 and the filesystems implementing ACLs. The commands are entirely optional, since applications like systemd can use the library instead.

Installed: (none) means the package is not installed. Go ahead and install it:

sudo apt-get install acl


How do I run BleachBit from the terminal?

The webpage about the command line interface haven't been updated since 09/07/2009 . The command line interface now has it's own binary, bleachbit_cli

info: starting BleachBit version 0.8.0
debug: appicon_path = '/usr/share/pixmaps/bleachbit.png'
Usage: bleachbit_cli [options] cleaner.option1 cleaner.option2

Options:
  -h, --help           show this help message and exit
  -l, --list-cleaners  list cleaners
  -d, --delete         delete files and make other permanent changes
  --sysinfo            show system information
  -p, --preview        preview files to be deleted and other changes
  -v, --version        output version information and exit
  -o, --overwrite      overwrite files to hide contents


How can I read the Windows 8 licence key with Ubuntu?

I found it here. The key seems to be stored in the ACPI-firmware:

sudo strings /sys/firmware/acpi/tables/MSDM

Which gave me the following results:

MSDMU
LENOVOCB-01
ACPI
#####-#####-#####-#####-#####

(I replaced the product key with #)

pipe into | tail -n1 if you need only the key as output.


Second monitor not detected properly after updating to Ubuntu 17.04

Is there a Mirror displays check-box under System Setting->Displays?

If there is, un-check it, and the second monitor should appear in the Displays window.


Best way to set up and record DVB-C PAL and share recorded streams with DNLA on Ubuntu?

MythTV. Big and bulky but it supports most hardware and has a built-in UPnP server.


Problem installation Blender 2.80 on EasyNote TK Ubuntu LTR 18.04

It turns out that Blender 2.8 does not support the Intel Core i3 CPU M380 Ironlake Mobile. Installation is therefore not possible. So I started working on a different laptop.


Trouble configuring xorg to disable touchpad

I've been having the exact same problem. The protocol seems specific to Dell and provides a means to disable the Synaptics driver. So far it is working for me.
Dell Support: Erratic cursor movement on the XPS 13/15 series laptops and Precision Mobile Workstations with Ubuntu 16.04 installed

Open a terminal and run in this command:
 sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/xps13-9360.conf

(replace "xps13-9360" with the particulars of your own Dell laptop, i.e. "Inspiron15-7579")

Type blacklist psmouse and press Enter

Press Ctrl+X to save.

Press Enter to verify the changes made to the file name.

You should now be back to the terminal. Type the command sudo update-initramfs –u && sudo reboot and press Enter


I found the 32bit version of Spotify, here's the link:
http://spotify.en.uptodown.com/ubuntu/download/78109

Then open terminal and go to the directory the file has been downloaded to and run:

dpkg -i spotify-0-9-4-183-en-ubu.deb

Spotify now works on my system, running on Ubuntu 14.04 32bit


How to use Read command in shell script while run script on remote machine

While this is probably possible, it is certainly not worth the effort. In any case, asking a user to interact with the script is (IMO) always a bad idea. This means you can never automate the use of the script and also creates problems like what you describe. It is usually better to pass the user's choice as an argument instead. You also don't want or need break inside a case statement

restore (){
        echo "Restore"
}

deploy () {
        echo "Deploy"
}

## read the 1st argument
case $1 in

        restore)
        restore;
        ;;

        deploy)
        deploy;
        ;;
esac

Then, run the script like this:

foo.sh restore

or

foo.sh deploy


Accidentally ran non-recursive chmod 754 at root directory level

Note: this answer assumes that you neither passed the --recursive nor the -R argument to chmod, i.e. the ONLY file/directory that you modified was /.

If you found this question and answer through a search engine and used the recursive (-R or --recursive) method, please go here!

I ran the exact command you posted in your question on a VM, and recovered it with (almost) no trouble at all.

Since you only modified one directory/file, the solution is simple: just change it back!

You actually don't need a Live CD to fix this. Ubuntu has a built-in recovery mode.
These steps assume your computer started turned off.

Boot to GRUB. If it already displays when you boot, just boot into GRUB like you usually would. Otherwise, follow the instructions in this answer. In either case, make sure to cancel automatic boot by moving the initial selection with the up or down arrow keys. Note: GRUB crashed the first time I tried this. Be persistent.
Choose Advanced Options for Ubuntu, then the first entry that ends in (recovery mode).
Once recovery mode boots, select the root shell option with the arrow keys and hit enter.
Press enter again to enter maintenance mode.
Type chmod 755 /Enter
Type rebootEnter

That's it! Unless there were any other complications, your system is recovered.


How to boot back into Windows 8 after deleting its boot path?

yes you can do adding/removing entries to grub by using grub-customizer

open your terminal and type these lines one after one

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

Then open your Grub-customizer from Unity dash.


Ubuntu on USB stick with Windows installed

Simply put yes you can. I keep a 16gb 'live usb' stick on my key chain for that very reason. The only problem that I have ran into is to boot from the USB you have to restart the computer and at some public places the is frowned on.


is it possible for two users to login at same time

Multiseat X refers to a single machine that supports multiple concurrent users each with their own set of keyboards, mice, and monitors providing a traditional desktop experience to each user.

Check out this document


not getting output in terminal while running the php script

The cli version of php has several differences with the cgi. One of these is that headers are printed.

Since your code starts a session, which will not exist, and then checks for a given value of $_SESSION['state'] it will always end in the code header('Location: ' ...) which will output nothing, as the cli does not do headers.


Restricting login in text mode of standard user

many processes utilise pam.d configuration to create process when starting application and services. I don't know if you can accomplish what you want but you can trie:

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-restrict-log-in-capabilities-of-users-on-ubuntu

Best regards
Adam B.