Installing Desktop Environment, (machine offline)

Those versions are discontinued and not supported.

You must edit the file and change /etc/apt/sources.list repositories.

Open a terminal.

Run it:

sudo su
nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Delete the contents of the file and paste this:

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy main restricted
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy main restricted
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy-updates main restricted
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy-updates main restricted
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy universe multiverse
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy universe multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu saucy-security main restricted
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu saucy-security main restricted

Control + O, save file. Control + X, close nano.

Then run the following command:

sudo su
dpkg --configure -a
apt-get -f install
apt-get update
apt-get dist-upgrade
apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
apt-get autoremove
apt-get clean
reboot

And enjoy it.

Note: You can install new applications, such as Apache OpenOffice, Mozilla Firefox, Thunderbird, Master PDF Editor, downloading the packages from their sites:

http://sourceforge.net/projects/openofficeorg.mirror/files/4.1.1/binaries/en-US/Apache_OpenOffice_4.1.1_Linux_x86_install-deb_en-US.tar.gz/download

https://download.mozilla.org/?product=firefox-32.0.1-SSL&os=linux&lang=en-US

https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/thunderbird/download/?product=thunderbird-31.1.1&os=linux&lang=en-US

http://code-industry.net/public/master-pdf-editor_1.9.25_i386.deb


I did not get it what configuration you like to meet. should be your Ubuntu server a router for other computers or VMs running on this server ?


Use gdebi:

sudo apt-get install gdebi
sudo gdebi ibm-lotus-notes-8.5.3.i586.deb

Gdebi is a simple package manager that uses apt-get power to find and install the dependencies of a single package.


(Solved) Ubuntu 16.04 Grub gone waking from suspend while leaving USB with txtdocuments in slot

I figuered it out.

In the UEFI i had to enable start up from USB to get UBUNTU installed.
And I had to put the UEFI in the "Legacy" mode.
And to switch Ubuntu above Windows bootmanager in the EFI menu.(Fn + F10 to save)

However when I start up and any type of USB is in the USB slot.
Windows bootmanager is automatically switched back above UBUNTU in the UEFI.

What I did was put the startup order back and disable start up from USB again.
(Fn + F10 to save) And then, when I start up with an USB in the slot, the startup order in the EFI isn't altered anymore. The Grub is back forgood.
Hope this helps others.

Kind regards


Trying to install Ubuntu 11.10 on an old PC does not load Ubuntu

Some old motherboards have a nasty habit of loading the first ready disk they see even if you tell it to boot from the CD drive.

Try to press the Pause/Break button during POST (its the first screen you see before the OS actually starts loading) inserting the CD in to the drive and press enter only when the drive's LED stops blinking.

Other than that I can only imagine 3 things: BIOS still not properly configured, defective CD drive or something went wrong when you burned the CD with Ubuntu into it.

You can also check your BIOS and see if you have a Boot from USB drive option and create a bootable USB pen with Ubuntu in it, for that follow the instruction in point number 2 (Burn your CD or create a bootable USB stick) in the Ubuntu download page.


Terminal shows malformed entry 48 in list file

Run sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
Delete all the content you find in this file and Copy this to the file:

#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 18.04 LTS _Bionic Beaver_ - Release amd64 (20180426)]/ bionic main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security universe
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security multiverse

Save and close the file.
Run sudo apt update
Then sudo apt upgrade


How can I execute a script that needs sudo permission in the background?

There may be several options to do so, but I am suggesting you three options:

One way is to use sudo -i instead of sudo  The command is run with an environment similar to the one a user would receive at log in.

The other way is to use sudo -v instead of sudo which uses cached credentials.

The third option is to configure sudo to never ask you for a password.
The visudo command edits the sudoers file, which is used by the sudo command. To change what users and groups are allowed to run sudo, run visudo

sudo visudo

In the bottom of the file, add the following line:

<username> ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

Replace the  with your user name. Example, I will add the line

tejas ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

Once this line is added, you can type sudo  in a Terminal window without being prompted for the password.

Note that this solution applies only while to using the sudo command in the terminal.

To restrict the location in which the script can be excuted without password prompt, use the folllowing command:

<username> ALL=NOPASSWD:/bin/bash /path/to/script/*

Strict note: use this solution only for the scripts which you can trust.


Grub or Windows Bootloader for Dual Boot?

Depends, both work well, use the one you feel most comfortable with.

If you want support from the Linux / Ubuntu community , use grub.

If you use the windows boot loader, your support will be either Microsoft or the Windows community.


Delete files within all directories in a directory

It's very simple with the find command - just use -type f to find only files and not directories

find /path/to/parent/directory -type f -delete

By default, find recurses into subdirectories, so will find all files in the tree from this point down.


i found it was the configuration of nagios.cfg file eventhandlers were not enabled.


Why does the terminal say that the new version 16 needs to download 1.9 GB of data

because it will download all packages you installed, replace it with newer versions, and that totals up to 1.877Gb.

4 hours. Should you be worried? How good is your internet connection? If it is good go for it. Otherwise I would not. You could always just download the iso using a torrent if your connection is bad, burn it to an USB and re-install with the "replace current Ubuntu and keep my documents" option.
Mind though: if you run out of power we expect you to have a backup of your  personal data.


How can I only load up the terminal via grub then upgrade

Hold the Shift key before the OS starts to boot to get to the grub menu. Then select the boot to recovery mode option. This will lead to a selection screen that will let you select Root Prompt.


Problem with update ubuntu 15.10 to 16.04

Just type in the following commands to fix the errors

sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update

Then run the actual system update

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


Multiple simultanous streaming with pulseaudio

Please refer to the Answer made to this questions here:

How do I setup an Icecast server for broadcasting audio in my network?

Make sure you install pavucontrol(PulseAudio Volume Control) as mentioned in order to redirect Computer Sound Output to the server. There will be a delay between Computer Output and Output on Receiving Devices but that's sadly unavoidable.


The problem was that I was editing the wrong file.

I edited my ~/.zshrc file to add the aliases. Everything works fine after that.


False "application not responding" box is creating havoc with GDB

There is a gnome shell extension to disable the force close dialog. It isn't the best solution but it helps working around apps that "lock" the GUI.

Download this

Extract it to  $HOME/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/disable-force-quit@fmuellner.gnome.org/

Reload Gnome with Alt+F2, r, enter (it won't kill your session / apps)

Open Tweaks, under Extensions, activate it.


Can centerim support multiple jabber accounts?

It is on their TODO list. It is not probable that it will get done though, since the request has been there for more than 5 years.


Remark: hitting the shutdown option TWICE will ignore the timer and shutdown regarding the timer. That might be another option for you.

See

/etc/acpi/powerbtn.sh

Important part:

# If the current X console user is running a power management daemon that
# handles suspend/resume requests, let them handle policy This is effectively
# the same as 'acpi-support's '/usr/share/acpi-support/policy-funcs' file.

[ -r /usr/share/acpi-support/power-funcs ] && getXconsole
PMS="gnome-settings-daemon kpowersave xfce4-power-manager"
PMS="$PMS guidance-power-manager.py dalston-power-applet"
PMS="$PMS mate-settings-daemon"
PMS="$PMS unity-settings-daemon"

Your might have more options (I checked 16.04.4 server ) It has several options in the to test for different desktops. Assuming you are using systemd: systemd-login uses  /etc/systemd/logind.conf for its settings.

[Login]
#NAutoVTs=6
#ReserveVT=6
#KillUserProcesses=no
#KillOnlyUsers=
#KillExcludeUsers=root
#InhibitDelayMaxSec=5
#HandlePowerKey=poweroff
#HandleSuspendKey=suspend
#HandleHibernateKey=hibernate
#HandleLidSwitch=suspend
#HandleLidSwitchDocked=ignore
#PowerKeyIgnoreInhibited=no
#SuspendKeyIgnoreInhibited=no
#HibernateKeyIgnoreInhibited=no
#LidSwitchIgnoreInhibited=yes
#HoldoffTimeoutSec=30s
#IdleAction=ignore
#IdleActionSec=30min
#RuntimeDirectorySize=10%
#RemoveIPC=yes
#UserTasksMax=12288

So I would expect this one:

InhibitDelayMaxSec=

Specifies the maximum time a system shutdown or
sleep request is delayed due to an inhibitor lock of type "delay"
being active before the inhibitor is ignored and the operation
executes anyway. Defaults to 5.


echo the alias command before running it

Example ~/.bash_aliases file:
alias hi=" echo Hello"

You can modify this content to the following, to solve your problem:
alias hi=" type hi; echo Hello"

Output in case 1:

$ hi
Hello

Output in case 2:

$ hi
hi is aliased to `type hi; echo Hello'
Hello

Hope this solved your problem


How to run a nested accelerated xserver?

There was a bug preventing this from working which has now been fixed. Xephyr works properly using glx under raring, quantal and precise now. See this bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xorg-server/+bug/1079096


I would like to maintain a mirror copy of many files and directories using cp, but I cannot get it to function (similar to MS XCOPY with switches)

Use rsync:

Rsync is a fast and extraordinarily versatile file  copying  tool. It can  copy  locally,  to/from  another  host  over  any remote shell, or to/from a remote rsync daemon.  It offers a  large  number  of  options that  control  every  aspect  of  its behavior and permit very flexible specification of the set of files to be copied.  It is famous  for its delta-transfer  algorithm,  which  reduces the amount of data sent over the network by sending only the differences between  the  source  files and  the  existing  files in the destination.  Rsync is widely used for backups and mirroring and as an improved copy command for everyday use.

rsync -av SOURCE DESTINATION

-a means "archive mode" which is an aggregation of several other options

"archive mode [...] ensures that symbolic links, devices, attributes, permissions, ownerships, etc. are preserved in the transfer.")

-v means "verbose", so we see a status on terminal what has been copied.

Check man rsync for more details and options.

Note the difference between SOURCE and SOURCE/:

A  trailing slash on the source changes this behavior to avoid creating an additional directory level at the destination. You can think  of a trailing / on a source as meaning "copy the contents of this directory" as opposed to "copy the directory by name"


Ubuntu 14.04: `apt-get update` failed, no `unity_revamped` for Trusty

go to /etc/apt/sources.list.d using

cd /etc/apt/sources.list.d

search PPA file that is related to ikarosdev/unity-revamped and detete that then update

sudo apt-get update

404 error comes when that web page not available there. PPA that you using is only for Ubuntu precise version . there is no trusty version. you can verify by going that link :see here


You'll need to do one of two things...

boot-repair
bcdedit in Windows

To install and run boot repair when running from a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB, see:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

To install, open a new terminal, then type the following commands (press Enter after each line):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

If that doesn't fix the problem, you'll have to use bcdedit in Windows, either with the CLI bcdedit command, or after installing Visual BCD Editor (https://www.boyans.net/). see:

Windows 10 upgrade kills grub and boot-repair doesn't help

Where they call out the use of CLI bcdedit as:

bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi

Note: when I had a similar problem, I used:

bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi


Those have nothing to do with proxies. The web browsers that submitted those GET requests think that your server's IP address is just fine for the domain they're trying to reach. This could be for any number of reasons. Perhaps their DNS server is broken.

How to handle domain names that don't belong to your server

According to the Apache web server documentation, the first VirtualHost entry will be used to handle random hosts that you don't define in another VirtualHost entry:

  Due to the fact that the virtual host with ServerName www.example.com is first in the configuration file, it has the highest priority and can be seen as the default or primary server.

So, add a new VirtualHost entry before all others like the following:

<VirtualHost *:80>
  ServerName bad-domain
  ServerAlias *
  Redirect 404 /
  ErrorDocument 404 "Page Not Found"
</VirtualHost>


Dependency is not satisfiable: libre2-4(>=20160901)

The package exists in Ubuntu bionic:
https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic/libs/libre2-4
You may try to install it manually, but there is something broken on your system


Network Manager does not set IP4.GATEWAY for OpenVPN connection

You can modify the gateway for network manager connections from the command line. So while I cannot find this option in the GUI, you can list the connections

nmcli con show

find yours

NAME                     UUID                                  TYPE             DEVICE
thenameyougaveit         some-id-ksadbf019-aksb821           vpn              wlan1

change the address (it will be discarded afaict but you cannot change the gateway address without setting it)

nmcli con mod some-id-ksadbf019-aksb821 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.113/24

and then set the desired ip4 gateway

nmcli con mod some-id-ksadbf019-aksb821 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1

And now it works from the GUI. Of course, if anything changes on the other end, it will stop working.


How to get a screen shot of a window from command line using window id

You can raise the relevant window with the wmctrl command and take its screenshot  using the gnome-screenshot command. For example, assuming that the window id is 0x02600010, you can use:

wmctrl -i -a 0x02600010 && gnome-screenshot -w


Is there any way to get my laptop's fingerprint scanner to work on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS/14.10?

Test fingerprint-gui

Open a terminal,Press Ctrl+Alt+T

Run these commands:

sudo -i
add-apt-repository ppa:fingerprint/fingerprint-gui
apt-get update
apt-get install libbsapi policykit-1-fingerprint-gui fingerprint-gui
apt-get clean
reboot

Reboot and launch Fingerprint GUI and enroll your fingerprints.

Try locking your screen, logging out and in, sudo in terminal and running graphical apps requiring root privileges.

Troubleshooting: https://launchpad.net/~fingerprint/+archive/ubuntu/fingerprint-gui


Problems dual-booting back into Windows 7

You can find a very good guide about GRUB 2 here:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1195275

There's a part about reinstalling GRUB from the Live CD (section 13), have you given it a try?

EDIT: Jordan Uggla gives a much better answer here.

A broken Windows installation does seem to be the simplest explanation. However, as you say that you created new partitions for Ubuntu, I assumed that you didn't use any of the existing partitions when installing Ubuntu, is that right? If so, I'm not sure how you could have erased the Windows bootloader.

A simple way to check that would be to look at the root of all the Windows partitions under Ubuntu and search for the following Windows 7 bootloader items: the files bootmgr and  BOOTSECT.BAK, and the folder Boot.

If you can't find them, you could probably get them from another install of the same version of Windows or use the boot repair utility in the Windows installation CD.
If you choose the second option you won't be able to access Ubuntu once the Windows bootloader has been repaired, and you'll have to either reinstall Grub from the Ubuntu Live CD or use a software like EasyBCD under Windows to add Ubuntu to the Windows bootloader OS list.


Well this is not exactly a player, but, avidemux is a pretty powerful tool for converting processes both for video and audios.


Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS won't allow incoming ssh connections

Not a satisfying answer at all, but I managed to fix this. I completely uninstalled UFW and then it started working. Must have been a botched install or something. I reinstalled UFW and all is still working fine.


According to canon, the IP1800 uses the same drive.  Some printer models can share the same driver.  Canon says online that PIXMA ip1180 and canon PIXMA ip1800 use the same generic driver.

That being said, you can download the driver from canon.


Many device access problems can be resolved through group membership changes.
Specifically, if ls -l  shows that the group permissions (the second "rwx" triplet) is "rw" (e.g."-rw-rw----"), then, adding oneself to the group that owns the device will grant rw access.
Here's how:
device="/dev/whatever"
sudo adduser $USER $(stat -c "%G" $device)

This allows you membership in the group that can rw the device, but there is one more step.
To make all your processes members of the new group, logout and login. Group memberships are set up at login time.
To create a single process in the new group (for testing, prior to logout/login):
newgrp $(stat -c "%G" $device)

or, just type the group name. See man newgrp.


Warning triangle in ubuntu software center

I think it means "dependencies are not satisfied".

Just try to install one and see what happens I wont break you system, I could not find one in my software centre.


Can't simulate middle click with my trackpad ASUS Zenbook UX305UA-FC057T

I have a UX303UA, which has a FocalTech touchpad, rather than the Elan your Zenbook has.

I solved this problem by adding a conf file to /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d called 52-focaltech.conf. You would probably want to call yours 52-elan.conf or such. The 52 at the start is important because that way it runs after the system-supplied conf files for the touchpad, so it will override any settings there.

This file restores the normal unix meaning of the middle button and also disables all the weird 3 finger gestures. The ClickFinger option fixes the middle button and the TapButton option makes the 3 finger gestures go away. I stumbled onto this on my path to fixing the middle button and I kept it because I hate the 3 finger gestures. You can probably leave it out and still fix the middle button. I didn't try it because its getting late.

The content of my file is:

# This option disables software buttons on FocalTech touchpads.
# This option is only interpreted by clickpads.
Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "Disable clickpad buttons on FocalTech touchpads"
    MatchProduct "FocalTech"
    MatchDriver "synaptics"
    Option "TapButton1" "1"
    Option "TapButton2" "3"
    Option "TapButton3" "2"
    Option "ClickFinger1" "1"
    Option "ClickFinger2" "3"
    Option "ClickFinger3" "2"
EndSection

You will have to change all the instances of "FocalTech" to "Elan" in this file in order for this to work on your system.

The exact spelling used by the software for your Elan touchpad may be different than what the marketing material or documentation call it. To find out exactly what the software calls your device you can look at /var/log/Xorg.0.log. Search for "Adding input device". You can also use the xinput command to find it like this:

buddyp@UX303UA:/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d$ xinput
⎡ Virtual core pointer                      id=2    [master pointer  \(3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Atmel                                     id=10   [slave pointer (2)]
⎜   ↳ FocalTechPS/2 FocalTech FocalTech Touchpad    id=13   [slave pointer  (2)]

Instead of FocalTech, you should see your Elan in your output.

After you add your conf file to /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/ you will have to log out and back in again for it to take effect

BTW, the key to solving this problem was 'man synaptics'


another windows 8 install problem acer 21.10

Hi I'm brand new to linux in fact I'm downloading it as we speak but I do have some experience of installing windows 7/vista onto a uefi (windows 8) machine. The presence of UEFI over bios isn't brilliant imo it's pretty fiddley. On Windows 7 for example if you want to replace windows 8 with windows 7 you need to disbale secure boot then you can only install 64 bit versions (UEFI doesn't support 32 bit os's) of windows vista sp3/Windows 7 (home, pro or ultimate). To do this you need to make a bootable usb stick copy the version of windows onto that stick and then move a couple of files and rename a file to get the right UEFI compatible bootloader in place. You then need to boot from a bootable cd (something like norton 360 will do it which has and advanced option that allows you to access a command prompt once there you need to load diskpart and clean the partition and set it as active assigning a disk letter before any other os will install). Once the partition has been cleaned and set to active you can reboot from your usb stick and load windows 7.

I would Imagine you will need to do something similar I don't know if Ubuntu is uefi enabled from the cd. If so this will allow you to skip the moving renaming bit.

The windows guide is here http://www.eightforums.com/tutorials/15458-uefi-bootable-usb-flash-drive-create-windows.html

I don't know if this will help as I said I'm pretty new to linux so I can't offer any advice on ubuntu and uefi but as I said I'm downloading it now so that hopefully will change soon :)

I have done the windows downgrade a number of times and until everything is right the uefi either wont see the bootable media and/or the media won't see the hard disk.


The "Starting Crash Report Submission Daemon" would actually occur after the problem has occurred. (Basically, that's saying that the system recognized there's a problem and trying to report it.) What comes before that will actually be what's important to solving your issue.


setxkbmap -option altwin:swap_alt_win

The list of predefined remapping options is in /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev.lst.  In this case, you probably want one of

jinx:792 Z$ grep alt /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev.lst | grep win
  altwin               Alt/Win key behavior
  altwin:menu          Add the standard behavior to Menu key
  altwin:meta_alt      Alt and Meta are on Alt keys
  altwin:ctrl_win      Control is mapped to Win keys (and the usual Ctrl keys)
  altwin:ctrl_alt_win  Control is mapped to Alt keys, Alt is mapped to Win keys
  altwin:meta_win      Meta is mapped to Win keys
  altwin:left_meta_win Meta is mapped to Left Win
  altwin:hyper_win     Hyper is mapped to Win-keys
  altwin:alt_super_win Alt is mapped to Right Win, Super to Menu
  altwin:swap_lalt_lwin Left Alt is swapped with Left Win

The Windows key is generally mapped to X11's Super modifier, and the Menu key is sometimes mapped to its Hyper modifier.


How to start Firefox in english on a german system without changing the langage settings?

The LANGUAGE variable is ignored by Firefox, but setting LANG or LC_MESSAGES should work.

Press Alt+F2
Enter the kommand:

env LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8 firefox


No. You need to reninstall. Your permissions are all screwed up now and the only way to fix them all is to reinstall ubuntu.

You can however, keep all the data in your home folder (always make a backup first!). During installation, select something else when you get to the part that asks if you want to install ubuntu along side.

Then, right click on the ubuntu partition, set the format to ext4 and the mountpoint to /.

Click ok and UNTICK the box that says "format" before proceeding with the rest of the installation.

This will install ubuntu without formatting the drive and will only write over system files leaving your home folder untouched.

As neon_overloard pointed out, you will still have to manually fix a few permissions in your home folder.


How to upgrade to a newer release of Ubuntu using the Live CD?

You need the Alternate CD/DVD, which has all the packages required to perform upgrade. In other words, it is a replacement for the on-line access to Ubuntu repositories.

The Live CD contains only the current version of Ubuntu and its packages and just copies that over to your drive after dealing with partitioning.


How to grant file permission in /dev directory permanently?

Changing the file permission is not a good idea. I think /dev/ttyS* are designed to be accessed by user space applications, so you dont need to make it accessible to everybody. Instead you should give permission to use the serial ports to users that need access. If I am not wrong, you can do this by adding your user to the group uucp which can be done by running the following command in the terminal:

usermod -aG uucp <you_user_name>

If this does not solve your issue, try posting a bit more details on what you are doing. What device are you accessing and explaining how are you writing to it, and perhaps providing some code snippets will help give more specific answer.


Windows get transparent when i'm dragging to move them!

Settings > Desktop Behavior > Desktop Effects

Search for Translucency and configure it.
Then move the slider called moving windows.


Auto-login not working after upgrade from 17.04 to 17.10

Try the following, it will reset any issue with the configuration.

Goto "All Settings" > "User Accounts"
There Unlock button at Top-Right, click it use password.
You will see a ON/OFF button for Automatic Login
If its ON, make it OFF, and ON again Else make it ON.
Click the Lock button, restart you system.

If it does not work, let me know.


What is the correct pronunciation of Xubuntu?

The first one... Zoo-buntu!

That's how it's described here:

  Xubuntu (Pronounced: /zù'búntú/) is an official Ubuntu-based operating system.

Lubuntu = Loo-buntu

Kubuntu = Koo-buntu, though I always seem to pronounce it as more of a Kuh sound.


Banshee 2.9 in Ubuntu 12.04? There must be an easier way than the current answer!

You can build banshee from source. Detailed instructions are here. Make sure that you checkout the tag 2.9.0.

git checkout 2.9.0


How to make gnome-screenshot select area to grab after a specified delay

It seems that GNOME developers removed this functionality from gnome-screenshot - it does not work on 14.04 LTS, 16.04 LTS, 17.10 and 18.04 LTS) - I reported:

bug 1751161 to launchpad about disabled "Grab after a delay of..." in
gnome-screenshot -i;
bug 1751157 to launchpad about option conflict in
gnome-screeshot --area --delay 10.

On 16.04 LTS you can use mate-screenshot - it has delay in GUI (launched by mate-screenshot -i -a) and in terminal:

mate-screenshot --area --delay 10

but it is really ignored.

In 16.04 LTS, 17.10 and 18.04 LTS delay is disabled when mate-screenshot ran interactively (mate-screenshot -i) - reported bug 1751245 to launchpad about this.

In 17.10 and 18.04 LTS it works only from terminal - so I reported bug 1751141 to launchpad.
If you do not want to make screencast you can use the following:

Open terminal and type sleep 10 && gnome-screenshot --clipboard here and click Enter;
Open GIMP, paste image into it;
Crop image in GIMP;
Export image from GIMP to .png.

You can use KDE Spectacle as DK Bose suggested:

Install it with sudo apt-get install kde-spectacle;
Launch it from terminal with spectacle or from menu launcher.

Hope this helps.


Looks as if the .rpm is either not properly packaged or alien can not convert it.

As it is called "TestRPM.rpm" I am guessing not properly packaged.

In addition, if you have the source code, it is better to directly package it rather then convert it with alien.


Where can I get cookies of Chrome web browser in Ubuntu 14.04?

The directory is here:

~/.config/google-chrome/Default

For chromium users, the file is here instead:

~/.config/chromium/Default

The actual file is:

~/.config/google-chrome/Default/Cookies


Upgrade Ubuntu 16.04 to 18.04 - Improve probability for success?

From my experiences, I recommend cloning your production server(s) and test the upgrade on the clone first. I usually cloned my physical server to a virtual machine on my laptop in such a case, the process will be likely easier in the cloud.

I’ve never had any problems with the upgrade itself (like getting stuck in the middle, died SSH, etc.) but something might stop working after the upgrade if you depend on some default settings which change during the upgrade, use a non-Ubuntu software, etc. You can detect such problems by running the clone.

  To ensure the process isn't interrupted if my SSH connection dies, I'll use an HTTP-based virtual console.

Upgrading through SSH is officially not recommended but it can be done. The installer provides a backup SSH server (on a different port) for the case something goes wrong. And since the installer runs the upgrade in a screen session, you can reconnect to it using an HTTP-based virtual console even when it was started using SSH.

  Maybe do a pre-upgrade of some components?

I’d discourage you from this idea. The installer knows the right order to gradually upgrade packages. Don’t disrupt it by potentially introducing unnecessary conflicts.


No option to install Ubuntu along side Windows

You only get the options that are valid for your setup.
If you do not have an unallocated partition there is no "install alongside" possible so it is not shown. Create an unallocated partition from windows if you want to use that option.
If you have a partition formatted as NTFS you can use the "something else" option and mark that partition. Be careful: the installer will remove any data on it so if you pick c: or another partition that holds personal data... it is gone.
Before anything else: make a backup.


After upgrading to 12.04, installing Rhythmbox and uninstalling Banshee music lens doesn't open any audio

There is a bug report for the album issue: https://bugs.launchpad.net/unity-lens-music/+bug/970509

Apparently it has been fixed in -proposed.


Install Ubuntu 13.04 on Sony Vaio E Series SVE14125CNB

I also have SVE14125CNB laptop and I installed Ubutnu 13.04 (dual boot with Windows 8) by following instructions given in this link Installing on a Pre-Installed Windows 8 System (UEFI Supported)

How did you install Ubuntu in first place and what BIOS settings did you change? May be you will have to fix grub. Read about it here boot-repair


12.04 LTS - second display not always recognized

It's not an elegant solution, but one suggestion is to force xrandr to always output video via HDMI. Taken from the answer to Can I force VGA signal output even when xrandr shows 'disconnected'?

To force output to HDMI at 1024x768 run these commands in the terminal

xrandr --addmode HDMI1 1024x768

and then

xrandr --output HDMI1 --mode 1024x768 --right-of eDP1

This will add a second display even if there's no cable actually connected. Now, when you plug in the HDMI cable the output should be displayed.


Recover encrypted home partition from Fedora

What you need is this command:

sudo ecryptfs-recover-private

The scenario: boot from  your new Ubuntu installation and issue the command above. It will take a while until it will find your encrypted /home folder (assuming that it is accessible and mounted, if not, follow the instructions here.)


Why does Laptop Firefox have Titlebar when Desktop Firefox does not?

Click on Firefox's ☰ icon on Top-Right,
Then the Customize... option.

On Bottom-Left, Uncheck "Title Bar".
Done!

Alternatively,

Click on View Menu Option,
Then Hover over Toolbars to show more items,
Click on Customize... option.

On Bottom-Left, Uncheck "Title Bar".
Done!


How to remove global menu from gnome shell?

This is a known bug in Nautilus. Currently there is no known fix other than to disable Nautilus drawing the desktop:

  The temporary solution I have found it's to disable the 'Have the filemanager handle the desktop' option. You can use gnome-tweak-tool to do that. The downside is that the desktop icons won't show anymore.


Try looking if the package shorewall is listed under a different name by executing:

sudo apt-cache search shorewall

You may also want to search for the repository for shorewall from Google and add it to your /etc/apt/sources.list file

You can try: https://packages.ubuntu.com/trusty/all/shorewall/download and download the Shorewall .deb package for all architectures there, and install with dpkg

You should also look at http://www.shorewall.org/download.htm as they list the different requirements as well


Wireless is not wokring after a fresh install of Ubuntu 13.04 on Vostro 3400

There ia more than one broadcom 4313 device, which I suspect has been part of the problem.

This is what worked for me from the forums.  My adapter is [14e4:4727] (rev 01), same as the OP.

First I got the latest broadcom firmware updates:

wget media.cdn.ubuntu-de.org/forum/attachments/56/18/5007272-Broadcom_Firmware_070513.tar.gz
sudo tar xvf 5007272-Broadcom_Firmware_070513.tar.gz -C /lib/firmware

Then I installed the broadcom sta driver by installing the bcmwl-kernel-source package in synaptic.  I've come to trust syna[tic more than additional drivers.

Hope it'd work as well for you.  Original thread:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2148444&page=2


Problem with fglrx when updating from 10.04 to 10.10

There is a much more elegant way to achieve step 1

sudo apt-get clean

This will automatically remove the downloaded deb archives.


Incorrect number of USB ports displayed with dmidecode

According to your PC model as given in a comment (Lenovo G585), we can conclude that this is a laptop which has an integrated webcam.

While your computer only has three external USB ports, the other two are used for internal things, such as the webcam and perhaps another device on your computer (my guess is your SD card reader). To the system, this is still technically a USB "port", although it's not available for your use. You can identify what these internal devices are by using lsusb.


Can we run docker images without running docker service?

Is there a way to run docker images without docker daemon running?

No.

  Is there a way to hard code to disable the docker daemon after use?

You could create a cron job that is executed every few minutes) that executes

sudo systemctl disable docker.service

based on an event. That event could be a check on a process id. docker stats is a likely candidate. That one could be used to decide if a container is currently active or not.

  Without docker daemon running docker images returns  an error.

That command you could change to sudo systemctl enable docker.service && docker images so it starts the service 1st and then starts docker.


How to edit current command in terminal with some editor?

There is a built-in line editor in bash. You find previous command lines with the 'arrow up' button (can be repeated). You edit with the normal method (arrow left and right to move the cursor), backspace and del to delete characters, type letters etc.

-o-

After closing a terminal window, the previous commands are stored in the file ~/.bash_history. You can edit it with any editor, for example gedit, (or in text mode with nano or vim).

gedit ~/.bash_history


IMPROVED ANSWER:

See Mute button won't toggle / un-mute for how to add "-D pulse" to mute using the Preferences menu.

The following is how to adjust it by editing a configuration file:

Insert "-D pulse" as in the following lines, in .config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml

  <!-- Keybinding for Volume management -->
  <keybind key="XF86AudioRaiseVolume">
    <action name="Execute">
      <command>amixer -q -D pulse sset Master 3%+ unmute</command>
    </action>
  </keybind>
  <keybind key="XF86AudioLowerVolume">
    <action name="Execute">
      <command>amixer -q -D pulse sset Master 3%- unmute</command>
    </action>
  </keybind>
  <keybind key="XF86AudioMute">
    <action name="Execute">
      <command>amixer -q -D pulse sset Master toggle</command>
    </action>
  </keybind>

My previous answer doesn't work with sound from all pulse audio applications, such as playing YouTube in Firefox. The above answer works.

See SOLVED Can't unmute using amixer at Ubuntu forums for the sources of this improvement in the command.

My previous answer, for reference:

Open alsamixer in LXTerminal to see what sound controls get muted and unmuted when you press the mute button repeatedly. You might find that the mute button mutes "Master" and some other volume controls. You might find that using any mute in alsamixer (pressing the m key) mutes everything else.

To adjust what the keyboard mute button does, one way is to edit /home/[username]/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml

(If you don't have that file $HOME/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml you can make it by copying /usr/share/lubuntu/openbox/rc.xml to $HOME/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml )

I made comments out of the original commands for volume and mute controls there, and inserted my own commands. Now the section of my lubuntu-rc.xml titled "Keybinding for Volume management" looks like this:

<!-- Keybinding for Volume management -->

    <!-- sde  Whether using command amixer or alsamixer in lxterminal,
              setting any control to `mute` sets several other controls to
              mute, which don't get reset when setting Master to `unmute`
              (even when those settings are by `toggle`) -->

<keybind key="XF86AudioRaiseVolume">
  <action name="Execute">
    <!-- <command>amixer -q sset Master 3%+ unmute</command> -->
    <command>bash -c "amixer -q sset Master 1%+ unmute; amixer sset Front unmute; amixer sset Surround unmute; amixer sset Center unmute; amixer sset LFE unmute"</command>
  </action>
</keybind>
<keybind key="XF86AudioLowerVolume">
  <action name="Execute">
    <!-- <command>amixer -q sset Master 3%- unmute</command> -->
    <command>bash -c "amixer -q sset Master 1%- unmute; amixer sset Front unmute; amixer sset Surround unmute; amixer sset Center unmute; amixer sset LFE unmute"</command>
  </action>
</keybind>
<keybind key="XF86AudioMute">
  <action name="Execute">
    <!-- <command>amixer -q sset Master toggle</command> -->
    <command>bash -c "amixer -q sset Master toggle; amixer sset Front unmute; amixer sset Surround unmute; amixer sset Center unmute; amixer sset LFE unmute"</command>
  </action>
</keybind>

This works in Lubuntu 17.10 and should work in earlier versions too.

Run "amixer scontrols" to see what names of controls you can use for your own modifications.

Save a backup file for lubuntu-rc.xml so that you can replace it from a terminal if your changes go wrong, then restart lubuntu or openbox, to hear if your changes work.

(I know this isn't an easy adjustment, but it does answer whether it's possible to fix.)


No, Ubuntu will not switch between the cards.  This is known as a hybrid graphics system.

If you look in your /var/log/Xorg.0.log you can see which driver is loaded (page down a few screenfuls and look for RADEON(0) or intel(0).

The only way I know of to force which card to use is to specify the PCI Bus ID of the graphics card.  You get the Bus ID from lspci.  It's also usually shown near the top of your /var/log/Xorg.0.log.  Then, set up your xorg.conf with a device section and put

BusID "PCI:0:0:1"

or whatever bus id you want.  You don't need to specify the video driver as well (but it can't hurt).

David Airlie has worked on making hybrid graphics work better. His blog has some interesting info about it...

Searching for 'linux hybrid graphics' may turn up other useful examples and details about it.


Upgrades: Should I stay on the Ubuntu Treadmill?

Every long term support release is supported for five years, while the in-between releases are each supported for two years. If you are interested in a longer support cycle, Ubuntu 12.04 is the way to go, and you could also have stuck with Ubuntu 10.04 for a while longer. The next LTS release will be Ubuntu 14.04, and when that comes out you will be able to upgrade from 12.04 to 14.04 in one step, but you don't need to do that until April 2017.


I did install these packages

sudo apt-get install gcc byacc
Sudo apt-get install flex
Sudo apt-get install  bison
Sudo apt-get install libmhash2 libmhash-dev
Sudo apt-get install postgresql-server-dev-8.3
Sudo apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev
Sudo apt-get install libpng-dev zlib1g-dev

Then I was able to take the AIDE-0.16 file and ran these commands

tar xvzf aide-0.16.tar.gz
./configure
make
make install
cp /etc/aide/aide.conf/ /usr/share/etc/aide.conf/
Mv /var/lib/aide/aide.db.new/ /var/lib/aide/aide.db/
Sudo aide
Sudo aide --Init
Sudo aide --check
Reboot


How to install Ubuntu on two different hard drives

You want to create a separate /home partition. This is most easily done during system installation by selecting the "something else" partitioning option and setting up /home on the spinning disk. You can do it after installing the OS, but this requires more effort. Numerous Web sites describe the process in detail. A Web search turns up quite a few, starting with:

http://www.howtogeek.com/116742/how-to-create-a-separate-home-partition-after-installing-ubuntu/
http://psychocats.net/ubuntu/separatehome
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Partitioning/Home/Moving
http://www.ubuntugeek.com/how-to-create-a-separate-home-partition-in-ubuntu.html


Where (if any) is the best place to submit feedback about the BQ Aquarius Phone?

Ubuntu and Canonical provides many methods to be in contact with. Pleas refer to this http://www.ubuntu.com/about/contact-us.

I think also you can find some launchpad related to Ubuntu touch:https://launchpad.net/ubuntu-touch-preview

Moreover if there is something in hardware you should contact the BQ company:http://www.bq.com/gb/support/aquaris-e4-5-ubuntu-edition


System not start: Gave up waiting for suspend/resume device

Thank you for the heads up about using Ctrl+Alt+F2!

For me startx did not work, so I reinstalled my NVIDIA drivers following this guide. Here are the basic commands you need to run in a terminal:

Purge old drivers, if any.

sudo apt --purge remove nvidia*

Install recommended drivers.

sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

Reboot.

reboot


Default to showing and using pathbar in Ubuntu file dialogs?

Just as a reminder: like any Unix system, Ubuntu has a lot of "strata": the kernel proper, the operating system (the collection of programs that "dress" the kernel and allow it to work), and on top of that the graphic/desktop system. Ubuntu has a choice of DE (desktop environments) --- Unity, Gnome, KDE, Xfce, and more. The interface you mention is related with the DE you are using.

You are not stating which desktop you are using; if it's Unity or Gnome the default file chooser would be the one provided by gtk. The plain "Ubuntu" comes up with Unity as the default DE.

The option available for this chooser can be found with the command dconf-editor; run it(1) and navigate to  org > gtk > settings > file-chooser.

In 1, you choose if the starting directory is the "Recent" files or the current directory (which one is this will depend by the application). In 2, you can choose to have just the path bar (default) or having a field to manually enter a filename.

I do not think there is more configurability... the gnome to gnome2 to gnome3 evolution has seen a lot of "simplification" that reduced this kind of tweaks. If you want a much more configurable desktop, probably you should look at KDE.

As far as I know, the option to use a remote link as a local file is not implemented in the gtk file-chooser.

Footnotes:

(1) install with sudo apt-get install dconf-editor if you do not have it.


Boot from a Ubuntu Live CD.
Check your disk and partitions for errors and fix them with GParted.
Try booting again.


Is there free android emulator for ubuntu 16.04?

Yes, there is Genymotion(this is free if you create an account). This runs an Android instance inside virtualbox, but you need virtualbox installed for this to work, which can be installed using sudo apt install virtualbox. Then download the Genymotion deb and install it using dpkg -i <path to file>.deb.

You could also try Android-x86 and install in a virtual session of VMWare/VirtualBox. However most android apps won't run in it. You can find the isos here - www.android-x86.org

Also, you could try AVD in android studio. For this follow Google Developer instructions - https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/emulator.html


The Ubuntu Release team is committed to releasing 10.10 on Sunday, 10 October, 2010. An actual hour is never given as there are many tests that run, so there's no magic time.

You can find more information in this forum post.


The file you're looking for is in /var/www/html, and it's owned by root, so you'll need to be root in order to able to edit it:

sudo -H gedit /var/www/html/index.html


Double click on text file in Ubuntu desktop does not launch gedit as expected

It looks like your File Manager is Files/Nautilus.  The ability to open files by double clicking the file on the "Desktop" was removed from Files/Nautilus a few years ago.  See THIS Gnome developers post explaining the change.  You can still open files from within the "Desktop" FOLDER in Files just not on the Desktop itself.

I am trying to make a distintion between clicking on a Desktop icon ON the Desktop and clicking on a file in the Desktop folder IN the Files file manager.  In fact, in Gnome 3.36 you won't see Desktop icons at all "out of the box".  You must install a Gnome Extension in order to enable Desktop icon's on the Gnome Desktop.


Have you ever tried to delete everything in /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf ?

To do this open a terminal with Ctrl+Alt+t and type the following command :

sudo nano /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf

then delete everything in it, save it and reboot by typing :

sudo reboot

It solved my problem many times ago.

Have a nice day.


These hats are the result of a profile in complain mode. They will accumulate, but you can clear them with a restart. Once the profile is in enforce mode, they will stop being created.


See who is browsing the local net shared folder

If the folder is shared using samba, you can do a sudo smbstatus to see userids and IP addresses of people using the share.

You might be able to get some history from grep "smbd" /var/log/auth.log


Ubuntu 14.04 LTS no sound after apt-get upgrade

Soundcard driver packages could not have been properly installed. Reinstall them:

sudo apt-get --reinstall install build-essential linux-headers-`uname -r`


How to install Printer Drivers with rpm extension

On Ubuntu 14.04 Firefox 37, the download page seems to work for me showing:

  P200 series IJ Printer Driver Ver. 4.00 for Linux (debian Packagearchive)

  Last Updated : 05-Sep-2013
  Issue Number : 0100551401

  OS

Linux

  Outline

  This software is a printer driver for printing using the Canon IJ
  printer.

  ....
  lots of stuff about licenses you probably ought to read
  ....

  System requirements

  Ubuntu 13.04(32bit/64bit)

  Setup instruction

  Install the downloaded package archive file as an Administrator
  following the manual. For how to install and use this software, refer
  to the instruction manual.

  File information

File name : cnijfilter-p200series-4.00-1-deb.tar.gz
File version : 4.00
File language : German, English, French, Japanese, Simplified Chinese
File size : 1,387KB

  Download Now

Once you have downloaded it (it should have the filename cnijfilter-p200series-4.00-1-deb.tar.gz), it looks like you have to run the install.sh file in the parent directory of the files you extract (extract all the files from the archive first). This probably should install the appropriate cnijfilter-common_4.00-1 and cnijfilter-p200series_4.00-1 packages contained within it for you architecture.

If you are still having download issues, try this in terminal

wget gdlp01.c-wss.com/gds/4/0100005514/01/cnijfilter-p200series-4.00-1-deb.tar.gz
tar zxvf cnijfilter-p200series-4.00-1-deb.tar.gz
cd cnijfilter-p200series-4.00-1-deb
sudo ./install.sh
rm cnijfilter-p200series-4.00-1-deb.tar.gz
rm -rf cnijfilter-p200series-4.00-1-deb

These lines of code will download, extract, install and clean up after the installation

The page says it is for 13.04, they may not work for other releases, in which case try installing the the deb files using sudo gdebi /PATH/TO/FILE1.deb /PATH/TO/FILE1.deb - install the amd64 debs if you are using 64bit Ubuntu, and the i386 if you are using 32bit.

You might not be getting this as your internet browser is sending a User agent for a OS that uses RPMs or something.


Eclipse luna crashes on new project in Kubuntu 14.04

As indicated in Eclipse auto shutdowns when creating new project one workaround to this bug is to change the GTK2 theme in System Preferences -> Application Appearance -> GTK (I personally use Aurora: sudo apt-get install -y gtk2-engines-aurora).

Alternatively, a patch to oxygen is available here, and has been pushed to the active development branch of oxygen. oxygen-gtk2-1.4.6-1 should be OK but as of now oxygen-gtk2-1.4.5 is still the most recent stable version.


I had a similar problem, and someone directed me to the command xrandr.

Apparently the Unity Launcher appears on the screen set as "primary", and this can be changed with xrandr.

First run xrandr to get a list of outputs. For example, on my setup I get a bunch of things called DFP1, DFP2, CRT1 etc. After you have identified which of these is your external monitor, run

xrandr --output XYZN --primary

where XYZN is the output name (I have to run this for one called DFP5 sometimes).
The launcher should immediately move to the output you chose.


When is the best time to update the current development version of Ubuntu?

First of all, I would say that if it's more than a small inconvenience to you if the system breaks utterly, then you probably shouldn't use it in the first place. Though it's highly valuable when people do and file bugs when things go awry. Though the goal is for it to be usable throughout the development cycle, with the massive amounts of changes, there's always a chance that something breaks.

Milestone releases (Alphas, Betas and Release Candidates) are usually fairly safe points to upgrade. But every release is different, and the situation changes during development. The Precise cycle (intended to become 12.04LTS) is a fairly conservative cycle and things have been rather stable, though there have been issues and breakages. The cycles leading up to 11.04 and 11.10 was much more turbulent.

For these reasons, it's difficult and somewhat dangerous to give general advise about when to upgrade, except for the milestones. Whenever you upgrade a development version, you should first read and understand the changes. You might want to join #Ubuntu+1 on the Freenode IRC network. This is where testers hangout during the development and you can ask others what their experiences are.

This will become less of an issue in future versions since – thanks to BtrFS – you'll be able to just undo the upgrade or even boot into a previous version of the OS. So, if an upgrade totals your system, you'll just boot into the state before you upgraded, and no harm will have been done. You can actually do that now. Ubuntu has BtrFS support, at least in the Alternate installer. Using it properly, however, requires a little bit of reading. (Ubuntu is a little bit special in that area) But if you intend to do a lot of testing, and follow the development cycles, I'd say it's probably worth it.


I don't know how to answer in a more concise manner as there is quite a few things possible as good answer for you.

High-level options

Have a PC typewriter with MS Word for old documents you use (let it be something old, that you can have real cheap) and have your usual PC run GNU/Linux. Requires obtaining an old machine good enough to run MS Word that you need and display for it. I put this as first since where I am that would be easiest to do (lots of people getting rid of machines good enough for what you described, often for free).
Virtual Machine with Windows and Word (can be created just based on your current setup, provided you have installer discs still) that you may boot from GNU/Linux.
What commenters have said: backup data, test Libre Office, switch completely.

Last option is nicely described in comments, so for brevity I shall write about other things in more detail.

How to test Libre Office

I'd go with Live CD, or took documents that I care for to a friend and played on his computer for 30 minutes - that should be quite enough to see what you get from your docx when they are opened / changed / printed from Libre.

Cheap typing PC

Used store, from a friend, companies also often sell out their old machines quite cheaply, or - if you like, some folks do - buy parts and put them together.

Requires: installers for Windows and Word, time, perhaps some bucks.

VM with Windows

Download VirtualBox (GPLv2 for users and FOSS, has commercial licence for commercial usages)  and create your own VM for your host. There are many good tutorials how to do it and I encourage you to try that out. It ain't scary or difficult at all, though for some it sounds intimidating. What you need:

know the system / architecture the VM will be hosted on (probably Ubuntu, only question is whether your architecture is 32 or 64 bit, that should be in your board manual)
know the system you want VM to have.

VM generally emulates computer on a physical computer, so you may have Linux on Linux, or Windows on Linux, or the other way around. That way you will run Windows with Word, but it will be run using Linux. Apology if I'm stating the obvious, I don't know what you know about VMs. :-)

Requires: time, installers, perhaps some learning, VirtualBox. My first VM took me 20 minutes to create plus time for installing it's system and soft I needed there. It's quite like setting up new computer (essentialy, it is).

Update: VM route links

https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads - choose your OS
http://ryantrotz.com/2011/11/virtualbox-beginner-tutorial/ - while this describes Windows hosting Ubuntu, the steps are same the other way around
https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch01.html - full manual


TP-Link TL-WN723N V3 really slow performance on 14.04

So it looks like the issue had to do with the release of Ubuntu I was running. I followed Android Dev's suggestion of trying 16.04, and after plugging in the dongle, it just worked! Thanks to Android Dev for the suggestion!


Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS slow boot after installing Kali Linux (Triple Boot)

Kali linux probably formatted the swap partition, and your Ubuntu is looking (and waiting) for the old swap UUID to appear, before eventually timeout occurs & it gives up (thus slower boot).

You need to change the UUID's for your old swap partition to match your new UUID.

As windows doesn't use a "linux" swap partition, it's boot-up speed will be normal, it was Kali that made the change so it's aware of it - thus why Ubuntu only is slower.

Use blkid to view your block devices ID's; then check what UUID's are listed in your file system table (/etc/fstab), eg. grep UUID /etc/fstab checking to see if the UUID= match what prior blkid showed.

I suspect your swap will contain a UUID that you don't have, this needs to be changed. (ie. edit /etc/fstab in the Ubuntu partition). fyi: you need to elevate privileges to edit files in /etc.

You provided in comments

/dev/sda5: UUID="5dd061d5-d325-4bcc-83b2-fd1ed516e8cc" TYPE="swap"
/dev/sda6: UUID="eadf1edf-19b3-4693-8551-6176e4bbed88" TYPE="ext4"

UUID=eadf1edf-19b3-4693-8551-6176e4bbed88 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
UUID=484A-BF6F /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
UUID=UUID=42a3362f-6945-43a2-8d36-ee195c856094 none swap sw 0 0

so you need to ensure "UUID=5dd061d5-d325-4bcc-83b2-fd1ed516e8cc" is in your Ubuntu /etc/fstab, ie. replace the "42a3362f-6945-43a2-8d36-ee195c856094" with "5dd061d5-d325-4bcc-83b2-fd1ed516e8cc"

Note: there is an extra "UUID=" in there, I'm assuming is a typo, as it shouldn't be there, ie. UUID=UUID= is invalid.   Please edit your question in future and add additional information there, we can help format it in questions/answers

Also please note:  One benefit of a swap partition is it can be used by any GNU/Linux, ie. Kali can use one created by Ubuntu and vice-versa.  In fact nearly every Linux will use any swap partitions it finds which is why your 'Ubuntu' swap was re-formatted by Kali as it claimed 'ownership'.  The benefit of this (I'm a dual booter to of two Ubuntu's) is my one swap partition in my case can be used by my Ubuntu 18.04 & my 19.10 (for you it'll be Ubuntu & Kali sharing); reducing disk space needed for 'swap'.  If swapfiles were used, they wouldn't be sharing the space.  The only drawback is it'll mean you can't hibernate one to use the other, but I don't do that (and I bet you're current setup may not allow for that anyway)


Can't connect to internet using DHCP and cable modem

Looking around there have been many problems and few solutions with the RTL8139 NIC.  Tried many many things and finally got it working.  I believe only the last step I performed worked, but I don't know for sure so I include all steps below.

Based on advice at http:[double-forward-slash][triple w].question-defense.com/2010/06/03/ubuntu-10-4-eth0-not-available-rtl-81398139c8139c-rev-10, I ran the following commands:

sudo mii-tool eth0 -F 10baseT-FD
sudo rmmod 8139too
sudo modprobe 8139too

Commands seemed to  do something, but no output to the terminal.  But no luck, so tried things from http://forums.fedoraforum.org/archive/index.php/t-1679.html, and ran commands:

sudo ifconfig eth0 down
sudo rmmod 8139too
sudo insmod 8139too media=0x01

I got a complaint on running the last one, something about "8139too file not found", which makes sense -- I guess rmmod means remove module; and having run lsmod | grep 8139 before and after all the above commands, indeed, where I had two entries (including one for 8139too) I was left with only one entry (which starts with 8139cp).

But, still no luck.

Finally, following advice at http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1773402, I booted into Windows XP, and did the following
Right click My Computer > Hardware > Device Manager;
Expand the network interface card section and double click the Realtek one;
Look around for "Wake-on-lan after shutdown" option, and set to "enabled";
Reboot into Linux

!!WORKED!! 8)


Ubuntu 20.04 on iMac mid 2011 - Can't Adjust Brightness

Try to add acpi_backlight=vendor as a boot parameter.
Run in a terminal:
sudo nano /etc/default/grub

and add the parameter like this (edit the line):
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_backlight=vendor"

Then save the file, run sudo update-grub and reboot.


How can i give internet access to local network via DHCP/Gateway server?

Please make sure that forwarding is enabled:

sysctl -n net.ipv4.ip_forward

This should give you "1". If not, enabled packet forwarding by setting net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 in /etc/sysctl.conf. Apply the new settings by typing:

sysctl -p

This will allow you to run a DHCP server or client on the machine, instead of forcing you to actually use fixed address.


curl: (7) Failed to connect to 127.0.0.1 port 5000: Connection refused when using Flask

In case you are running on Docker and if you are trying to connect from another docker console, make sure you are using "Docker exec" to attach the process to test the service. I was trying to connect with "docker run" which was creating another instance of docker and curl was giving me "connection refused" for 127.0.0.1:5000.


Linux: Browsers has no hardware acceleration Nvidia 840M

A lot of laptops with NVIDIA GPUs also have onboard Intel graphics. You might want to check that you're currently using the NVIDIA GPU and not the Intel one. nvidia-settings should show you which PRIME profile you are currently using.
I believe there's a prime-select or bumblebee utility to switch between the GPUs.


Ubuntu server-desktop -hybrid installation

The Ubuntu server install asks you to select the software to install. You could select whichever server software and desktop you wanted at that stage and both will be installed. See, for example, this question and the screenshot in it: How do I rerun Ubuntu Software Selection after installation is complete


How to mount a SD card to use with STEAM to expand storage for games

You should mount it using umask and dmask in /etc/fstab. For example:

/dev/sda    /media/additional_drive_target_dir  ntfs-3g defaults,auto,fmask=0077,dmask=0022,rw,uid=1000,gid=1000   0 1


I had a similar problem when getting the NVIDIA-specific OpenCL library working when I installed the proprietary drivers from the GeForce site. The difference in my case, however, was that I used the manual installation of the drivers rather than the NVIDIA repository.

After examining the package dependencies, the conflict is actually between ocl-icd-libopencl1 and nvidia-opencl-icd-340 (and also nvidia-340 since it depends on nvidia-opencl-icd-340). This is because they both contain the files /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libOpenCl.so.1.0.0 and /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libOpenCL.so.1.0.0 as well as symlinks for those files.

For obvious reasons, you can't have two packages supplying the same file (what happens if you uninstall only one?).

So, of course, this is a predicament. Via apt alone, it's simply not possible to continue on this route. I was going to suggest modifying some package dependencies by first downloading certain packages and modifying the control file within, but then you're left having to do that every time there is an update for nvidia-340 or Wine which would be a pain to say the least.

Therefore, what I'm going to recommend is, instead, to use the manual installation method for the Cuda toolkit in order to bypass the dependency issues.
Of course, this also means no automatic updates to the Cuda toolkit.

For this you will need to download two separate files:

Current Nvidia drivers available from Geforce.com
The 64-bit or 32-bit Cuda 6.5 toolkit .run file as required.

Be sure to give both files execute permissions via chmod +x /path/to/file or the file browser.

You may as well also uninstall cuda-repo-ubuntu1404 -- these two files replace all of that.

Log out of the desktop, then hit Ctrl-Alt-F1 and - after entering your user name and pasword - type sudo stop lightdm at the prompt.
Navigate to the place where the NVIDIA driver is downloaded (probably ~/Downloads) and execute

sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux*run
Tell it 'yes' to DKMS registration and 32-bit libraries.
Now, execute the Cuda 6.5 installer:

sudo ./cuda_6.5.14_linux_64.run or sudo ./cuda_6.5.14_linux_32.run
Do not install the bundled drivers (the drivers installed above should be newer), leave the locations default.
Finally, when it's finished, reboot! (to activate the new video drivers)
Lastly, double check that the file /etc/OpenCL/vendors/nvidia.icd exists. If not,

sudo bash -c 'echo "libnvidia-opencl.so.1" > /etc/OpenCL/vendors/nvidia.icd'

If you have any issues, be sure to leave me a comment and I'll try to get back to you!


/home partition deleted after installing windows 10

My case was not that lucky. I have two HDD, one for win10 and the other for Ubuntu Gnome. Had to shut down in Windows the powercord-off way, and after restoring itself, it wiped out not only the MBR, but also two partitions! Luckily I had /home on the last partition (/dev/sdX6), so the damage wasn´t that catastrophic for me.

I recommend to mount /home in any partition located after the first one (/, /tmp, swap or however your layout is). And also be sure to create it as a primary partition, not extended. Just in case.


How to run a particular command at startup?

You can make it run at boot by adding it in startup applications.  Open startup applications from the dash.  Click 'Add' and put xmodmap -e "keycode 112 = Delete" in the 'Command' field.  Give it a name and comment if you want.  Click 'Add' and login again.


Custom keyboard shortcut for terminal command `htop` not working

WorkAround

use the command gnome-terminal -- htop instead of htop

Verified on Ubuntu 18.04


Answered by OP in a comment:

  Surprisingly enough, a restart fixed the issue. I wasn't aware that a server based unix system needed a reboot for new groups/permissions to take full effect... apparently a reboot really does fix everything!


Upgrade TexLive from 2012 to 2013 with Ubuntu

I found a solution which I will present here for those in the same case as me.

Edit your .bashrc and add the following line

export PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/x86_64-linux:$PATH

then in your terminal enter

source .bashrc

and as soon as you will open a new terminal and launch your editor you will run TeXLive-2013.


How can I install cisco packet tracer on Ubuntu 19.10?

Download deb package of libpng12, open it using archive manager, find libpng12.so.0 and libpng12.so.0.54.0 (or equivalent), then  extract it to /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/.


How do I perform a exact match in man page?

^ and $ in this context refer to the start and end of a complete line - what you need is a word boundary:

/-z\b

   -z, --gzip, --gunzip, --ungzip
          Filter the archive through gzip(1).

   -Z, --compress, --uncompress
          Filter the archive through compress(1).

If you also want to exclude the upper case match as well, then see Can I force man to do lower case sensitive matching?


Force higher resolution on second monitor on kubuntu

I would install ARandR and use that GUI instead of NVIDIA or others. It works fine for me to set and keep resolutions using multiple monitors on Ubuntu flavors of linux.

Open a terminal window and install:
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install arandr

Then to start using simply find arandr as an app listed in your applications menu.

After installation, find it in the menu : System -> Preferences -> ARandR

Homepage of ARandR : http://christian.amsuess.com/tools/arandr/


RPi4 Ubuntu 20.04 mouse conflict FIDECO M.2 PCIe NVME enclosure and Samsung Memorie MZ-V7S1T0 970 EVO Plus SSD

Solved: it's a power problem.
I have mouse, keyboard and fan on GPIO.
If I disconnect the fan I can connect usb-ssd without losing the mouse.
So I bought an external powered USB 3 hub.


Go to http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop and get a copy of Ubuntu. Burn it to DVD and boot from it. Give it a try, then install it. You will be given a choice as to where to (which partition) you should install and if you want to use it along side Windows.

Make your choices and have a good time. Follow this tutorial  http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/install-ubuntu-with-windows and you should have no problem.


Is there a way to set a password to access the computer?

The only way to hide your private data from nosy eyes is using an encrypted system as booting with a live CD grants root access to your system and your $HOME directory to anybody.


Ubuntu 12.04 won't recognise my 2 monitors

Try editing these settings for nvidia, in terminal type :

sudo nvidia-settings

and create a x-screen profile for the monitor.


ACPI Exception: AE_NOT_EXIST on Microsoft Surface Pro

The problem is known, this is a reported issue in Jakedays' Github repository (see https://github.com/jakeday/linux-surface/issues/195) and a "missing driver" bug at kernel.org: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=198145. As I have the same problem, I'm waiting for a driver as well.

Second thing, the "not authorized"-error in your syslog is not ACPI-related but a problem of automatic brightness. See /var/log/auth.log for details:

Jun 6 08:39:11 sp pkexec[7071]: gdm: Error executing command as another user: Not authorized [USER=root] [TTY=unknown] [CWD=/var/lib/gdm3] [COMMAND=/usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gsd-backlight-helper —set-brightness 3450]

This bug is "confirmed" here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-settings-daemon/+bug/1584457 and a quick solution would be

systemctl stop iio-sensor-proxy.service

I hope this helps in the meantime, while waiting for ACPI drivers!


18.04 not showing correct time (not a dual boot issue)

Your environment variable TZ is the cause of the problem.

$ echo $TZ
Chicago/New_York

Chicago/New_York is an invalid time zone, so date will default to UTC instead, but for some reason still display the first part of the zone name as time zone, resulting in:

$ timedatectl
                      Local time: Thu 2018-11-22 16:11:47 CST
                  Universal time: Thu 2018-11-22 22:11:47 UTC
                        RTC time: Thu 2018-11-22 22:11:47
                       Time zone: America/Chicago (CST, -0600)
       System clock synchronized: yes
 systemd-timesyncd.service active: yes
                 RTC in local TZ: no

$ date
Thu Nov 22 22:15:54 Chicago 2018

Now to fix the issue, we just need to find out where that wrong value is set and delete the line. Search for something like one of the lines below in your shell/profile initialization scripts, like ~/.profile, ~/.bashrc or if it affects all users maybe even /etc/environment, /etc/profile, /etc/profile.d/* or /etc/bash.bashrc:

TZ='Chicago/New_York'
export TZ='Chicago/New_York'


Is it possible to sync two computers without storing the files on a server?

In Unix, a "standard" program to synchronize directories on two machines is rsync.

  Rsync is a fast and extraordinarily versatile file copying tool.  It
  can copy locally, to/from another host
         over any remote shell, or to/from a remote rsync daemon.  It offers a large number of options that  control
         every  aspect  of its behavior and permit very flexible specification of the set of files to be copied.  It
         is famous for its delta-transfer algorithm, which reduces the amount of data sent over the network by send‐
         ing  only  the  differences  between  the source files and the existing files in the destination.  Rsync is
         widely used for backups and mirroring and as an improved copy command for everyday use.

Turns out there's a Windows version of rsync called cwRsync. Here are some info on installing and using cwRsync (though it's more focused on using rsync for backups)

As you don't want to involve any intermediate servers in the process, one of the issues you'll have to deal with is configuring some sort of port forwarding to enable direct access to one of the machines from internet (provided the machines you want to sync are in different local networks). From there, everything should be quite straightforward.

Another option mentioned in this answer to a similar question is Unison - using it over internet would also require configuring port forwarding. Which, generally, is a must for any server-less solution.


Android: Command not found after installing Android Emulator

In order to run emulator from terminal you need to -

cd /usr/local/android-sdk-linux/tools/
./emulator -list-avds

This will show all emulators. To choose your emulator -

./emulator -avd <avd_name_shown>


Like you sad: You have installed python from source. If you want to remove this exact version you just build your own, you can't use the package-system because your python is not registered in this.

If python is the only software you installed by source with make install then it should be save just to delete everything under /usr/local/ because that folder is just for you ;-) (more info regarding that folder can be found in the File System Hierarchy Standard )

$ sudo rm -r /usr/local/

But if you installed different software without the help of apt,dpkg or aptitude, that will be lost, too. Then this Artikel on Stackoverflow may help you out, it mentions a way to remove python with the help of it's source.


You can use Calibre.

Calibre is meant to be a complete e-library solution. It includes
library management, format conversion, news feeds to e-book conversion
as well as e-book reader sync features.1

Click here to download from their homepage,  or install from USC

1Source:USC


having problems with installing the digimend kernel driver

You install downloaded deb packages by:

sudo dpkg -i /path/to/file


I interpret your question as : how do I install additional drivers ?

Launch the "Software Sources" app. Go to the "Additional drivers" tab. Here are options to install new drivers.

Did my explanation help ?


If the disk is mounted on /media/usb1/ you can do

sudo chown $USER:$USER -R /media/usb1

the same command applies for SATA mounted disks as well, the disk would be mounted at /media/<UUID>. You can run sudo blkid to find the UUID of your partition and replace <UUID> with the actual UUID of your device.

and it will set ALL user and group permission to the user you are doing this with.

removed comment


rcu_sched self-detected stall on CPU + watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#3 stuck for 22s

From: What are all these "Bug: soft lockup" messages about?

  Situation

  In the system log (/var/log/messages or journalctl) a lot of the
  following messages is printed.

May 25 07:23:59 XXXXXXX kernel: [13445315.881356] BUG: soft lockup - CPU#16 stuck for 23s! [yyyyyyy:81602]

  followed by various stack traces. This document tries to explain what
  the soft lockup messages mean.

The error message itself doesn't tell you what is causing the problem.

  Cause

  A 'soft lockup' is defined as a bug that causes the kernel to loop in
  kernel mode for more than 20 seconds, without giving other tasks a
  chance to run. The watchdog daemon will send an non maskable interrupt
  (NMI) to all CPUs in the system who in turn print the stack traces of
  their currently running tasks.

Reducing server load is normal solution:

  Resolution

  Under normal circumstances those messages may go away if the load
  decreased. This 'soft lockup' can happen if the kernel is busy,
  working on a huge amount of objects which need to be scanned, freed or
  allocated respectively. The stack traces of those tasks can give a
  first idea what the tasks were doing. However, to be able to examine
  the cause behind the messages, a kernel dump would be needed.

  You cannot disable those messages, however in some situations
  increasing the time when those soft lockups will be fired can relax
  the situation.

  Do do so just increase the following sysctl parameter:
  kernel.watchdog_thresh Default value for this parameter is 10 and
  to double the value might be a good start.


Setting up community computer lab from scratch

Okay, first things first. The 10 refurbished laptops. If they work, don't mess with them. Most people will know Windows better, and using Windows will be better for them. I'm not saying Ubuntu is bad, simply Windows will probably be more familiar. Windows 7 isn't a bas OS - and if you can get the free Windows 10 update, even better.

The wireless printer - we need to know the brand. Some it is easy to get working, others less so. Essentially, this guide is what you need.

Finally, MS Office 360 won't run on Ubuntu - Microsoft only provide Windows and OSX installation programs. Depending on what you are doing, Libre Office should fulfil your needs - it has all the basic programs and comes pre-installed on Ubuntu releases

Alternatively, to avoid compatibility issues you can use MS Office online.

The issues with the computers may not fix themselves with a new OS. We need to know what you are hoping to solve - and maybe ask over on Super User, one of our sister sites for Windows questions. Also, if you can get the aforementioned Windows 10 for free, that may fix the issues.

Now, if you do decide to go for Ubuntu, I'd reccomend 14.04. It's what I'm writing this on, it's a stable release and it's supported for 5 years in total - until April 2019.

For an easy to follow install guide, this question and answer is your friend, and if you encounter any issues then pop back here and ask a new question!

While Ubuntu (which by default uses a "Display Manager" called Unity) isn't a lightweight OS, it doesn't need much to run well. I can put up with it on a PC with 1 GB of RAM, but I'd advise 2 or even 4 GB.

If you have less than 2 GB of RAM, or an old processor, consider using Xubuntu or for less that 1 GB Lubuntu may be better. I'd suggest reading this answer - it explains why it would be slow, and what you can do to speed it up. That said, anything that run Windows 7 acceptably should be fine with Ubuntu!

Good luck with your project, and remember to ask another question if you have any specific issues, or comment here and I'll do my best to help.


OpenCV error in setting resolution with c910

Since you're building opencv from sources, try to follow the build process used by the debian packaging to ensure the compatibility with linux. I'm thinking about the V4L2 support for example:

CMAKE_ARCH_FLAGS += -DWITH_V4L=ON


Enable GL_INTEL_performance_query on Intel HD 500?

From your info :

Vendor: VMware, Inc. (0xffffffff)  // virtual machine
Device: llvmpipe (LLVM 8.0, 128 bits) (0xffffffff) // Low-Level Virtual Machine pipe
Accelerated: no                    // no acceleration
OpenGL vendor string: VMware, Inc. // virtual machine

It's looks like your OpenGl device is not an Intel HD 500 but a virtual one (or you work on a virtual machine).

Try to update your video card driver and/or activate accelerated 3D graphics in the virtual machine.


you should have mentioned the installation instructions. any way , if you did not followed this method , then please do reinstallation with this method and let us know

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:scopes-packagers/ppa
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install unity-lens-torrents unity-scope-piratebay


Dark and black colors on screen have fuzzy 'noise'

Same here. After playing a little with Dithering options the noise is gone!
Thanks to Maiwand for the clue! )


Cannot do php upgrade because dependencies error

A way to meet all required dependencies, is to install the lamp package by running the command below (including the ^ symbol)

sudo apt-get install lamp-server^


Try:

ps2pdf file.ps

It converts file.ps to file.pdf

More information about ps2pdf: https://www.ps2pdf.com/


External display stopped working after system update

You can downgrade the linux-modules-nvidia-460-generic-hwe-20.04 package (and all its dependencies) to the previous version (5.8.0-48.54~20.04.1) to solve that issue, that is caused because there's a broken dependency on the linux-modules-nvidia-460-generic-hwe-20.04 (5.8.0-49.55~20.04.1+1) package that ask for (depends on) nvidia-kernel-common-460 package to be greater or equal to version 460.56 but only version 460.39 is available as of this moment. I hope that the package maintainer resolves this promptly.


Disable Usb ports in ubuntu desktop except usb keyboard and mouse

For every device there will be modules in our kernel which will be installed with our OS  to make work them you have to just enable their modles
so in ubuntu usb enabling modules will be  /usr//lib/modules/3.2.0-36-generic-pae/kernel/drivers/usb/storage/usb-storage.ko  as of mine is [UBUNTU 12.04] and kernel number may differ in yours
go to that destination as shown above and type in terminal as
sudo modprobe usb-storage.ko as superuser it may ask for password and it will enable them and to check if they are enabled or not type in terminal as lsmod |grep usb*
And if it shows any usb storage then u have enabled it
thats all
for more info
MODROBE INFO
LSMOD INFO


Wow! Cool!

Short answer

The easiest file system around is FAT16, so I would download the source code for that and start messing in there.

Long answer

Could you elaborate a bit on what you're trying to accomplish here?  I mean: File systems are at the rather low end of the development spectrum ("Low" = "Low-level, high in complexity").

Edit after comment

In case of an encrypted file system, I would download the latest "TrueCrypt source code" out there (first link in google at the time of this writing) and start from there!


Built-in audio not working anymore Ubuntu 20.04

Somehow it just started working again by itself.............


HD 6450 Radeon problems with installation

I had a similar problem with my HP p7-1080t, same proc, same card.  Had to install the AMD Radeon Linux driver And that solved my problem. [ubuntu 11.04 64-bit]


It looks like your computer might be a bit out of range to the Wifi signal. Try going a bit closer to the router.


Keyboard not working on Lenovo Ideapad Slim

This issue can generally be fixed by installing the xserver-xorg-input-all package, which will include better support for a number of keyboards (and other input devices). You can install it like this:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install xserver-xorg-input-all

Once this is done, reboot the notebook and you should be good to go


How do I reorder the Nautilus right-click menu?

It is unfortunately not possible to do this, because of the changes to Nautilus and the removal of /usr/share/nautilus/ui/nautilus-directory-view-ui.xml. It has been asked  (June 2012) in the gnome nautilus mailing lists, and it is clear from the developers' responses that one would now have to download the source code, patch it, and then recompile it to re-order menus.

Source: Is it possible to hide the "Copy To" and "Move To" context menus?


How do I remove duckduckgo lens from Dash?

You can do this using the following command:

sudo apt-get purge duckduckgo-lens

Also, if the PPA is not anymore necessary, you can remove it using:

sudo apt-add-repository --remove ppa:w-vollprecht/ppa

Then update with:

sudo apt-get update

See man apt-get for more info.


If 'Notes' appears after every re-boot, it is probably being run as a 'Session and Startup' Autostart Application.    Uncheck or Remove 'Notes' from the autostart file list.

MX Linux 18.3, ChaletOS 14.04 systems


Try minicom.

  minicom is a friendly serial communication program.   Features include
  dialing directory with auto-redial, a separate script language
  interpreter, capture to file, multiple users with individual
  configurations, and more.

To install minicom, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install minicom


Software and Updates option is not in System Settings in Ubuntu18.04

I've installed Ubuntu 18.04 from scratch. I cannot find a software and updates option in system settings either, but the option is available under the Show Applications menu as Software & Updates app.


User Account credentials, and how to change Ubuntu-Budgie

Since viatech is your your user name, to change it to vt:

groupadd vt
usermod -d /home/vt -m -g vt -l vt viatech
sudo reboot

that's it. Source


no wlan0, Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 3945ABG

With "PRO/Wireless 3945ABG" not working, it's probably just off. Look for a physical switch or button, or key combination to turn it on. That particular card should work out of the box in Linux.

If you can not find the button, please post the output of rfkill list all.


No sound from heaphone jack on an Asus X92V

Try using alsamixer from terminal, and enable surround, or shared jack (sorry I had this problem with my laptop, and it is not here) with the M button. (You can use the arrow keys to go left-right.

Edit: I have the Duplicate Front. If you see this, then your problem can be solved.


GRUB "unknown filesystem" error on second boot of each day

I recommend not only separate boot and swap partitions but also a user partition. makes it easier to back up and recover. Boot partitions need to be first on the drive. I am uncertain how SSDs handle that. Ext 2 has more support for some maintenance, diagnostics and repair than ext4. Some say 1Gb for boot partition.
You've probably been here already:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootPartition
The UEFI and EFI question lingers as does Boot repair, which just might solve you problem. If it booted from the HDD, it is not dual boot, and if the BIOS worked for that, it is probably not UEFI, EFI, or secure boot related. Definitely try boot repair.
Good Luck


GRUB2 not showing windows 10 after Ubuntu 19.10 install as third OS on my pc, among Windows 10 and Ubuntu 18.04

Apparently, the boot repair does work on the Ubuntu 18.04 system. After which I performed a sudo update-grub to get my windows system & ubuntu 19.10 system in the bootloader of the /dev/sdc5 drive.

I don't understand why this is works. So, if someone can clarify this it would be greatly appreciated.

Cheers


My working solution

Modify a2dp.py by replacing all instances of pacmd with pactl adjusting pacmd list-sinks to pactl list sinks (in my case saved as /usr/local/bin/a2dp_2.sh).
Create a wrapper script /usr/local/bin/a2dp-wrapper.sh

#!/bin/bash

MAC=$1
MACMOD=$(echo $MAC | sed 's/:/_/g')

PID=$(pgrep pulseaudio)
USER=$(grep -z USER= /proc/$PID/environ | sed 's/.*=//')

export DISPLAY=:0
export XAUTHORITY=/home/$USER/.Xauthority

if pactl list sinks short | grep "bluez_sink\.$MACMOD.*SUSPENDED"
    then
    sudo -u $USER /usr/local/bin/a2dp_2.py $MAC
fi

Add the following line to /etc/udev/rules.d/80-bt-headset.rules:

ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="input" ATTR{name}=="00:22:37:3D:DA:50" RUN+="/usr/local/bin/a2dp-wrapper.sh $attr{name}"

This wrapper script accomplishes the following:

It finds out the $USER owning the running instance of pulseaudio, then sets the environment variables DISPLAY=:0 and XAUTHORITY=/home/$USER/.Xauthority necessary for pactl to work. This should make it work for all users on a machine. (I have not tested the effects of multiple users logged in at the same time.)
It checks whether the corresponding sink is suspended and only then runs a2dp_2.py. This is necessary to prevent an infinite loop caused by a2dp_2.py reconnecting the device and thus triggering the rule.
It runs a2dp_2.py as $USER. If run as root, a2dp_2.py will leave pulseaudio, and thus any audio settings, inaccessible without root privileges.

Alternatives: dbus loop/fixed package

An alternative solution using a dbus loop can be found on the sript developer's page.
A fix for the original bug is now available here and can be easily installed by adding ppa:ubuntu-audio-dev/pulse-testing and updating the available packages.

Hint: Finding your device's MAC address

Not strictly part of the original problem, but this might be useful for future reference. There are numerous ways to find your device's MAC address. The following is the one I consider most helpful for udev rules:

Find the device path by running udevadm monitor and then connecting your device. Your output should look something like this:

USER@MACHINE:~$ udevadm monitor
monitor will print the received events for:
UDEV - the event which udev sends out after rule processing
KERNEL - the kernel uevent

KERNEL[123043.617276] add      /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-7/3-7:1.0/bluetooth/hci0/hci0:256 (bluetooth)
UDEV  [123043.647291] add      /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-7/3-7:1.0/bluetooth/hci0/hci0:256 (bluetooth)
KERNEL[123044.153776] add      /devices/virtual/input/input68 (input)
KERNEL[123044.153911] add      /devices/virtual/input/input68/event17 (input)
UDEV  [123044.193415] add      /devices/virtual/input/input68 (input)
UDEV  [123044.213213] add      /devices/virtual/input/input68/event17 (input)

Stop the monitor with Ctrl+C. We have found three device paths. The one relevant for us is /devices/virtual/input/input68.
Plug the obtained path into udevadm info:

USER@MACHINE:~$ udevadm info -a -p /devices/virtual/input/input68

Udevadm info starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.

  looking at device '/devices/virtual/input/input68':
    KERNEL=="input68"
    SUBSYSTEM=="input"
    DRIVER==""
    ATTR{name}=="00:22:37:3D:DA:50"
    ATTR{phys}==""
    ATTR{properties}=="0"
    ATTR{uniq}==""

We learn that the MAC address is 00:22:37:3D:DA:50 and also that it is stored as ATTR{name}.

Even if the output looks completely different, these two commands will be a good start in looking for the relevant conditions for a udev rule.

Experimental: Catching arbitrary bluetooth audio devices

The rule:

ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="input" ATTR{name}=="??:??:??:??:??:??" RUN+="/usr/local/bin/a2dp-wrapper.sh $attr{name}"

will trigger for any input device that has a name attribute that looks like a MAC address and the conditional in the wrapper script should make sure no unintended actions are taken.

I do not have any other bluetooth audio device readily available to test this, but I see a number of potential issues:

This will only work for a bluetooth device that is recognised as an input device containing the MAC address in the name attribute. Not every device may be recognised as such.
This solution is not very elegant, as the rule will be triggered for any input device. However, I have not been able to find clear indicators to identify a bluetooth audio device. (As seen above, the input device has no further attributes, and the bluetooth device shows no indication of being an audio device, nor does it contain the MAC address. Maybe ACPI would be better for this.)
You may not want to treat every bluetooth audio device the same: You may want to use the HSP protocol for your headset or you may not want to automatically switch to your housemate's speakers, that you've paired with at some point, whenever they are available. In those cases it is probably preferable to have a separate rule for each device.

I will keep updating this post as I learn more.


Dual-Boot Ubuntu 18.04 and Windows 10: Ubuntu seems to not want to boot

I know when I installed on same drive, Grub always showed up asking how I want to boot. Now on my laptop which has 2 drives (SSD-windows & HDD partial space dedicated to Ubuntu) I have to hit F9 on boot up to change the boot, or it will just load into Windows. Not really sure, but sounds like grub isn't taking priority.


How to install Wesnoth game from a tar.bz2?

If you using Maverick or lower WesnothBinariesLinux

Else Compiling


How do I run Mentor Modelsim/Questa in Ubuntu 18.04?

To solving that problem is installing libfreetype6 and libpng12.
First you need to add 32 bit lib options:
sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential
# You already had build-essential and gcc, g++ etc. But you will also need to install the 32 bit versions.

Those libs are up-to-date in Ubuntu 18.04, so we need to download the Modelsim/Questa compatible libraries:
MODELSIM DEP LIBS
wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libp/libpng/libpng12-0_1.2.54-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libp/libpng/libpng12-0_1.2.54-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/freetype/libfreetype6_2.6.1-0.1ubuntu2_i386.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/freetype/libfreetype6_2.6.1-0.1ubuntu2_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libpng12-0_1.2.54-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i libpng12-0_1.2.54-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libfreetype6_2.6.1-0.1ubuntu2_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i libfreetype6_2.6.1-0.1ubuntu2_amd64.deb

Obs.: Make sure all libs was successfully installed.
Also, you must guarantee the installation of the following libs:
sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib g++-multilib \
lib32z1 lib32stdc++6 lib32gcc1 \
expat:i386 fontconfig:i386 libfreetype6:i386 libexpat1:i386 libc6:i386 libgtk-3-0:i386 \
libcanberra0:i386 libpng12-0:i386 libice6:i386 libsm6:i386 libncurses5:i386 zlib1g:i386 \
libx11-6:i386 libxau6:i386 libxdmcp6:i386 libxext6:i386 libxft2:i386 libxrender1:i386 \
libxt6:i386 libxtst6:i386

After that, Modelsim/Questa works normally.


For Linux terminal commands, there is this.

For full apps, you can install Ubuntu under VirtualBox, and run it in seamless mode.

andLinux is a complete Ubuntu Linux system running seamlessly in Windows 2000 based systems (2000, XP, 2003, Vista, 7; 32-bit versions only). This project was started for Dynamism for the GP2X community, but its userbase far exceeds its original design. andLinux is free and will remain so, but donations are greatly needed.

Cooperative Linux is the first working free and open source method for optimally running Linux on Microsoft Windows natively.


remote SSH not working through USB ethernet adapter

Per Terrance's recommendation I check port forwarding configuration and noticed the adapter and ethernet had different IPs. Once I enabled port forwarding for the ethernet adapter I was again able to connect via remote SSH.


xman and the types of documentations - help files - that are exclusive for xman

xman is a graphical tool from x11-apps packages which allows you to browse into all manual pages installed in system using a simple GUI, based on sections (Category: is it a system call, files man, etc), lets you run searchs, apropos, etc.

For example you can use Ctrl+s to open up a search window:

Then you can search for a man pages or run apropos for specific word.

It's same as man with a GUI.

Here is the directory of manual pages for system calls:

Read more


Set background for Page{} element in ubuntu touch

As far as I know, you can't directly set the color of a page, unless you created a rectangle to fill the background of the page. However, if you want to set the color of the MainView, you can do it as follows:

MainView {
    backgroundColor: "<COLOR_HERE>"
}

There are also two other properties, headerColor, and footerColor, that allow you to create a gradient from the top to the bottom.

This won't work perfectly, since it changes the font colors, and the while the font color looks good on the background, it looks bad in popups where the background is white. I'm sure this will get fixed soon!

To set a picture, you can do something like this:

MainView {
    Image {
        anchors.fill: parent
        source: "/path/to/picture"
    }
}

I'd recommend still setting the background color of the MainView so the font colors look good on top of the picture.

If you want to do change the background color/picture for a page, you can do it as follows (I haven't tried this, but it should work):

Page {
    Image {
        anchors.fill: parent
        source: "/path/to/picture"
    }
}

Page {
    Rectangle {
        anchors.fill: parent
        color: "<COLOR_HERE>"
    }
}


If it doesn't work even on Win, I fear this is an HW issue. Try to boot a live CD and check if it works


How can I solve this terminal sudo update error/ or software updater error?

That is because the person who maintains the PPA has not yet made a package for Ubuntu 14.10 Utopic Unicorn, which is what you have. All you can do is remove the PPA.


Problem updating to Python 3.3 on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS?

Try sudo apt-get update first. Make sure you have an internet connection.


I found that my files and the old folder (Downloads, Pictures, etc) are in home folder. I think if we change the language, the folder's the name will be automatically changed based on new language but they did not. I copy my file to be moved to my new folder.