Use Grub customizer.
It is a GUI, very easy to use.
Note that for Ubuntu 20 you don't need to add any external ppa as indicated in some sources.
You can simply install it with
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

Otherwise, operation is very easy and you can use the linked pages as a reference.


What device should I put as the 'device for boot loader installation'

device for boot loader installation

Pick the ssd. Generally it would be sda.


Where can I get i915_error_state from debugfs and the full dmesg?

Make sure that you have mounted as so -

sudo mount -t debugfs debugfs /sys/kernel/debug

Taken from Intel's forum post here:

https://01.org/linuxgraphics/documentation/collecting-gpu-state-hangs-0

Good luck with finding a resolution.


You should try the Put Windows GNOME Shell extensions


how can i add 1440x900 resolution on Dell Inspiron 1525 Laptop

It looks like your display's max resolution is 1280x800.

"15.4" widescreen with a 1440 x 900 high resolution and TrueLife," said on Wikipedia, is physically another display for your laptop.

Maybe you could replace your display in service center.


Is there a command to view hard drive specs

smartctl command from smartmontools package is what you want for that

% sudo smartctl -i /dev/sda
smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [i686-linux-3.13.0-24-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     SAMSUNG SpinPoint M7
Device Model:     SAMSUNG HM250HI
Serial Number:    <snip>
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0024e9 203520f1d
Firmware Version: 2AC101C4
User Capacity:    250,059,350,016 bytes [250 GB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is:   ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6
SATA Version is:  SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s
Local Time is:    Thu May 15 21:49:09 2014 MYT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled


No Read/Write Permission as User on a Secondary Drive

Another quick solution:

Run 'gksu nautilus' (use 'Ctrl+alt+T' for quick access to terminal)
Go to the /media folder in the file system.
Then right click the drive, and go into properties
Under the permissions tab change the permissions to
read/write, and make sure 'owner' and 'group' are set to "your user name" instead of "root".
Then click "Apply permissions to enclosed folders."

(you may have to 'sudo apt-get install nautilus')

You should be able to access the folder from your user account without root access.


I think you're getting the "out of space" message because the Live USB stores all your files (including Steam and any other programs that you installed previously) in RAM, and your computer is running out of space in RAM!

Try rebooting (which will reset everything and free up your RAM), and boot into the Ubuntu USB installer and start the installation process again. Try not to install Steam or run lots of programs or anything until after Ubuntu is installed and you've booted into your newly-installed system on your SSD.


PCI WiFi module for Ubuntu 18.04 and Windows 10?

The fastest way to solve your problem is to use a USB wireless dongle. If you purchase a popular dongle, this will typically have support in both Windows and Ubuntu. Ubuntu may require that you install a driver for it. Edimax and D-Link sell 802.11 b/g/n/ac adapters which should work.

The PCI card that you reference is really old and slow. Look elsewhere if you must have a PCI solution.


Can't boot into Ubuntu after installation failed

If the installation doesn't complete correctly, then it is quite obvious you will get a black screen at boot.

I had a similar issue when installing 12.04. It turned out to be the USB stick which I had been using to install ubuntu on a number of machines.

Recreating the USB stick following the steps mentionned on the official ubuntu site solved the problem for me:

Ubuntu: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu
Windows: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows

So if you've been using a USB stick, I would suggest to recreate it (and don't manually add any files to it). Hope it'll work for you.


Tell me where is mistake in anacron task?

The syntax of anacrontab is, according to the manpage:

  Job-description lines are of one of these two forms:

      period  delay  job-identifier  command

      @period_name delay job-identify command

I'd say you are missing a job-identifier. So something like;

@daily 5 btsync-job /home/dm/Devel/btsync && notify-send "Btsync loaded (pid `pidof btsync`)" "Link here."

Also, the manpage notes that, as of now, @period_name can only be @monthly. So instead of @daily, one would have to use:

1 5 btsync-job /home/dm/Devel/btsync && notify-send "Btsync loaded ...

Aside from this, notify-send would need the DISPLAY variable to be set.
This is typically :0, but you can check using echo $DISPLAY in a terminal.
Thus the anacrontab entry should look like:

DISPLAY=:0
1 5 btsync-job /home/dm/Devel/btsync && notify-send "Btsync loaded ...


Where do you guys get the PPA's for installing new software

A PPA, or Personal Package Archive, is a collection of software not included in Ubuntu by default .

So When companies released an updates for their software , you can download them without waiting Ubuntu’s six-month release cycle .

PPAs were limited to programmers and testers, but Canonical opened PPAs to everyone in late 2007.

So when companies released updates you can find PPA on its website .


Stick the following into a shell script and arrange for it to run at login:

#!/bin/sh
synclient TapButton1=1
synclient TapButton2=3
synclient TapButton3=2

That'll make a single-finger tap do a single-click, two-finger tap does a right-click, and three-finger tap does a middle-click.


The only thing that worked was purging both google-chrome-stable and chromium-browser with sudo apt purge google-chrome-stable and sudo apt purge chromium-browser and then deleting any files and folders which point to chrome or chromium under ~./cache/ and ~./config/. eg. rm -r ~/.cache/google-chrome/ etc.


Install Mobile Partner in Ubuntu 13.04 without download

Connect your 3G dongal & run the following codes in the Terminal one after another:

  cp -r /media/nandika/Mobitel/Linux ~/
  cd ~/Linux
  chmod +x install
  sudo ./install


Find out what packages were installed with a particular package?

In most cases the autoremove command of apt-get would do the trick, it will remove all packages installed and marked as automatically installed, but not required by any other installed package.
This is the preferred and secure method when the master package is not a metapackage.

This is not the case for metapackages like kubuntu-desktop, and this is because packages installed as a consequence of the installation of a metapackage are not marked as automatically installed, so that cannot be remove by autoremove.

Removing all packages marked as dependences of, or recommended by a given metapackage, like kubuntu-desktop, could be dangerous, because some of those packages could be on your system before the installation of the metapackage.

The most secure method to proceed, in my opinion, is an analysis of /var/log/dpkg.log and its ancestors, to see which packages were installed in timestamps around the timestamp of the installation of the given offending package. I suggest a command to get a more terse and cleaned-up view of the concatenation of the involved log files:

less $(ls -rt /var/log/dpkg.log*) |
  awk '$3 ~ /^(install|upgrade|remove|purge)$/' |
  less


Which install or configuration changes into LTS make it lose its LTS essence?

Don't confuse support and stability.
LTS releases offer "stability" in the sense that the software does not change for 5 years, not the sense that it crashes less often. The latter coincidentally does happen to be somewhat true also, but that's due to the large user base discovering and filing bugs.

The best way to keep any release of Ubuntu operating stably (less likely to crash) is to stick to the Ubuntu repositories and Snaps when installing software.
The easy way to make an LTS install unstable (more likely to crash) is to install a lot of non-Ubuntu, PPA, and/or wrong-version software onto it. These are, of course, exactly the same ways that you get dependency problems.
A common problem occurs when folks mistakenly consider an LTS to be a "stable base system" that they can bolt newer software onto. This is precisely the opposite of what an LTS is designed for. If you want newer software, use a newer release of Ubuntu. The Interim (6-month) releases are just as stable for most users as LTS... AND have newer kernel and software.

For a command that details how far from any release (including LTS) that you have drifted, try ubuntu-security-status
$ ubuntu-security-status
2258 packages installed, of which:
1745 receive package updates with LTS until 4/2025
 499 could receive security updates with ESM Apps until 4/2030
   1 package is from a third party
  13 packages are no longer available for download

Here you can see that I have 14 packages to investigate out of 2258 packages on the system (0.6%). Try it: The output includes instructions on how to get more detail on each category.


I lost my XP partition when installing Ubuntu alongside Win 7

Does this link help ?

https://superuser.com/questions/401331/how-to-add-windows-7-to-grub-menu

You need to edit file of grub.conf - before that you need to know the partition where XP lies. In your case you can still boot into Ubuntu-System ? - So boot normal into Ubuntu-System - from there you edit then the grub-files as described here with help of terminal and gedit. -

You can find the partition out in terminal with:

  sudo fdisk -l

The file grub.conf lies in the directory of /boot on your partition where 13.04 is installed.

BUT now this - assumed

  sudo fdisk -l

is not recognizing XP on the first partition... I guess XP was the first installation of all installations in this case, then

With

  sudo gedit /boot/grub/grub.cfg

we edit this file and make after this located entries below :

  BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom

  This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the

  menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change

  the 'exec tail' line above.

  END /etc/grub.d/40_custom

is following to add :

  title WindowsXP

  rootnoverify (hd0,0)

  makeactive

  chainloader +1

hd0,0 is for the partition where Windows XP as first installation of all systems lies.
chainloader +1 is setting Windows XP as first option in the grub menue to choose.

Don't forget in the end to do in terminal :

  sudo update-grub2

reboot your machine.

Let me know - if this helped and if red screen disappeared ?


How do I configure the screen to lock when I close the lid?

I am having the same problem in my laptop with Ubuntu 11.10... While a "full" solution is not developed by the community (i.e., adding a 'lock' option in the power manager), I have implemented my own solution. In order to implement my solution, you have to do the following steps:

Using the "Power manager" or "Gnome Tweak Tool" you should configure your laptop to "do nothing" when lid is closed. If you want to install the Gnome Tweak tool, you should use the following command:

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

You should create a directory and a new script file:

mkdir /etc/acpi/local
gksudo gedit /etc/acpi/local/lid.sh.post

The new file should contain the following code:

#!/bin/sh

#########################################################################
## Script written by Rafael Fernandes Lopes and Thyago Mendes Neves    ##
## Twitter: @rafaelf_l and @ThyagoNeves                                ##
##                                                                     ##
## Description: This script locks the screen when the laptop lid is    ##
## closed in Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot).                            ##
##                                                                     ##
## This script can be freely redistributed, modified and used.         ##
## Any redistribution must include the information of authors.         ##
##                                                                     ##
## THIS SCRIPT HAS NO WARRANTY!                                        ##
#########################################################################

grep -q close /proc/acpi/button/lid/*/state
if [ $? = 0 ]; then
    # Some system process is used to verify who is the current logged user.
    PROCESS_PID=`pidof gnome-session`
    CURRENT_USER=`ps up $PROCESS_PID | awk '{if ($1 != "USER") { print $1 }}'`
    DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=`grep -z DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS /proc/$PROCESS_PID/environ | sed -e 's/DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=//'`

    export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS

    su -c "gnome-screensaver-command -l" $CURRENT_USER
fi

Save it!
After saving and closing the created script, you must set the execution permission:

sudo chmod +x /etc/acpi/local/lid.sh.post

Ok! Now, you can test the script closing your laptop!


Openstack-Autopilot - adding HA on active cloud

Unfortunately you will have to redeploy with 6 nodes to get HA.

An HA deployment means that you can lose any machine and still be able to use your cloud (start new instances, access storage etc.). Instances on the machine that is lost will die.


Why are ASCII control characters ignored when using Ctrl+Shift+U?

Got it. The reason it was working as root and not my regular user was because the environment variables GTK_IM_MODULE and QT_IM_MODULE were being forced to xim for all regular users, regardless of runs of im-config. The only module I have installed under Lubuntu is ibus, so I'm not surprised by this strange behavior. A few articles on the net brought those variables to my attention so I started debugging around them. When I noticed they were being set to xim persistently, I decided to force them to ibus under /etc/environment. You have the less aggressive option of setting them in .bashrc or some equivalent. Regardless, this will restore full Ctrl+Shift+U functionality.


Undo "Create partition Table" with Gparted on luks encrypted disk

If you have overwritten the LUKS header there is not much you can do, but you can run through some of the commands in one of my own questions, to see if that's the case: LUKS encrypted device gone missing

Also try sudo cryptsetup luksDump <your device> to see if the header is still there.


Ubuntu 15.10 Drivers for Linksys Cisco WUSB54GSC Wi-Fi Dongle

After a long awaited email from lynksys they do not in any way support or make drivers for any linux operating systems.


Use Ubuntu as Active Directory server? (Windows users login-security)

I hope this is doable.

I am just setting up a Ubuntu machine to act as an Active Directory equivalent.

I have read that Samba 4 is designed specifically for this purpose.

It is still in development (alpha version) but it is supposed to be relatively stable.

http://wiki.samba.org/index.php/Samba4/HOWTO

There are also other flavours of linux projects set up specifically to address the active directory need.

https://www.linux.com/learn/tutorials/579308-weekend-project-replace-active-directory-with-resara-server-and-samba4.

What I am expecting is to have my XP and Win 7 machines able to use my Ubuntu server as an active directory equivalent when logging into the "domain".


Can I use the same built in flash library from Chrome in Firefox?

Edit: Flash is only distributed with the i386 builds of Flash. The rest of the answer is based on that (I'm using 64bit)

On a 32bit computer, the Chrome version of flash will be at /opt/google/chrome/libflashplayergc.so. If you have this, you could try copying/symlinking this around, it should still be using NPAPI so should be compatible with Firefox.

If that file doesn't exist, you're probably like me and don't have it.

I have Chrome installed and it claims (in about:plugins, click the "details" link) that it's using /usr/lib/flashplugin-installer/libflashplayer.so plugin. This is the same one that Firefox is using.

You can also run locate libflash to have a quick look over the system for versions of Flash. /usr/lib/flashplugin-installer/libflashplayer.so is the only version I have on the computer (the others are symlinks).

You should note that later this year (assuming their plans turn out) Chrome/Chromium will switch to a PPAPI version of Flash (from the NPAPI one it shares with Firefox). So whatever instructions you do get, they'll stop working at some point this year... Unless Mozilla backtracks and decides to support PPAPI (which is also possible).

I have had a look at the google-chrome-stable, -beta and -unstable packages and none of them have a Flash plugin in them.


RDP Keymap looks correct but does not work

It's late, but I try to answer your questions anyway, for future reference.

How can I verify which keyboard layout is actually being used by xrdp?

setxkbmap -query

Where is this setting stored?

You can find keuborad settings in /etc/xrdp/xrdp_keyboard.ini: the file contains a mapping between languages and keyboard layouts hex number.

Is there a better way to get a working keyboard layout?

The easiest way in most cases is to use a workaround (please, note that you must performed these steps while you are directly logged in into the machine, not through the remote desktop connection):

Identify the hexadecimal number which corresponds to the desired layout by looking in the abov-mentioned file (xrdp_keyboard.ini).

Backup the default layout (US) used by xrdp:
sudo cp /etc/xrdp/km-00000409.ini /etc/xrdp/km-00000409.ini.bak

Generate the current layout keymap file assigning to it the name of the default one:
sudo xrdp-genkeymap /etc/xrdp/km-00000409.ini

Restart xrdp and try to log into the machine via remote desktop connection
sudo systemctl restart xrdp

Keep in mind that older versions of xrdp name the keymap files in a shorter way: km-0409.ini instead of km-00000409.ini.
To know what is going on, inspect xrdp logs:
tail -f /var/log/xrdp.log

UPDATE: nevertheless, you might experience again the same problem when reconecting a second time to the same host: it's a known issue. I don't know how to resolve it, but please, consider also the language settings on the Control Panel of the Windows client (or whatever is your client).
Someone in the aforementioned issued suggested to modify the source code to mitigate the problem experienced when reconnecting:

modify function rdpLoadLayout (change default options of layout and comment code when it mast be reapply with client info options):

static int
rdpLoadLayout(rdpKeyboard *keyboard, struct xrdp_client_info *client_info)
{
XkbRMLVOSet set;
    int keylayout = client_info->keylayout;

    LLOGLN(0, ("rdpLoadLayout: keylayout 0x%8.8x variant %s display %s", keylayout, client_info->variant, display));
    memset(&set, 0, sizeof(set));
    set.rules = "base";

    set.model = "pc105";
    set.layout = "us,ru";
    set.variant = "";
    set.options = "grp:ctrl_shift_toggle";

    reload_xkb(keyboard->device, &set);
    reload_xkb(inputInfo.keyboard, &set);
    return 0;
}

modify function rdpkeybControl

 set.model = "pc105";
 set.layout = "us,ru";
 set.variant = "";
 set.options = "grp:ctrl_shift_toggle";


One way:

Generate a Portuguese locale

sudo locale-gen pt_BR.UTF-8

Add this line to the ~/.profile file:

export LC_CTYPE=pt_BR.UTF-8

Relogin


Check Audacity if it fits the bill (though I doubt if it have some of the requirements mentioned). If not then try Ardour or Just Run FL Studio on wine.
I had one time FL 9 Running fine on wine (DEMO). Have not tried this for Cakewalk Sonar, Cubase nor the Like. For All Available Audio Recording software on Linux check this page and decide for yourself. Also  here is interesting link, not sure about the software BigTwig though!


Make sure that <ul> and <li> are not listed in Settings/Editor/Code Style/HTML/Other/Do not indent children of option.


Copy all bridge traffic to a specific interface

I think that daemonlogger
 will do want you want.

  It is capable of operating in two
  modes: sniffing packets and  logging
  them directly to disk (files are
  automatically rolled over  after 1GB
  of data), or in a "soft-tap" mode
  where it mirrors packets  on another
  interface.

It is is the repository, so sudo apt-get install daemonlogger will get you started.

Syntax would be similar to

sudo daemonlogger -i <input_interface> -o <mirror_interface>

where the arguments are explained as

   -i <interface>
   Set interface to grab data from to <interface>.

   -o <interface>
   Disable logging, instead mirror  traffic  from  -i  <interface>  to  -o
   <interface>.

The biggest caveat is that you need to make sure that the destination port is capable of receiving the retransmitted traffic.

If you need more specific configuration guidance, you'd need to give more details on your bridge and interface setup.


Trouble automounting an SD card on Trusty

To mount the card automatically at /mnt in a running system you could use an additional udev rule. Without the rule, the card is mounted in /media/$USER/… and /dev/disk/….

The following script and udev rule create a folder in /mnt and mount a the partition with a defined UUID. In the current version, the mountpoint is the label of the mounted partition. I personally think, that's a bad idea. I would prefer the UUID and not the label, but the OP wanted this solution.

The script

Create a script in /usr/local/bin

sudo nano /usr/local/bin/mount_by

Add the code below

#!/bin/sh
export mount_point="/mnt/$1"
existing_device=$(awk '$2 == ENVIRON["mount_point"] {print $1; exit}' < /proc/mounts)
if [ -n "$existing_device" ]; then
  exit 1
fi
mkdir -p "$mount_point"
sleep 1 # Perhaps not necessary, but in the test with the OP it was necessary
mount "/dev/disk/by-uuid/$2" "$mount_point"
exit 0

Make the script executable

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/mount_by

The udev rule

Create a new rule

sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/99-myrules.rules

Add the code below

ENV{ID_FS_UUID}=="c8bf306d-3d5d-4878-8045-e4087494eff0", RUN+="/usr/local/bin/mount_by '%E{ID_PART_ENTRY_NAME}' '%E{ID_FS_UUID}'"

or if your drive hasn't the ID_PART_ENTRY_NAME, try ID_FS_LABEL
Suppose that the partition is /dev/sdc1 Replace the value for ENV{ID_FS_UUID}== above with the output of

udevadm info /dev/sdc1 | awk -F= '/ID_FS_UUID=/ {print $2}'

Restart udev

sudo service udev restart

Plugin your SD card and you should see something like this

% ls -la /mnt
total 12
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4096 Okt  6 19:29 .
drwxr-xr-x 25 root root 4096 Sep 29 17:04 ..
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root 4096 Okt  6 19:31 Label1


How to lower the resolution of a laptop monitor?

It is possible by using xrandr util

First execute xrandr

$ xrandr

Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1920 x 1080, maximum 32767 x 32767
eDP1 connected 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 282mm x 165mm
   1920x1080      60.0*+   59.9     40.0
   1680x1050      60.0     59.9
   1600x1024      60.2
   1400x1050      60.0
   1280x1024      60.0
   1440x900       59.9
   1280x960       60.0
   1360x768       59.8     60.0
   1152x864       60.0
   1024x768       60.0
   800x600        60.3     56.2
   640x480        59.9

You will see current resolutions.

You need to add another one, that will cut some pixels from both sides of your display.

For example: I'm using 1920x1080, 1920 is vertical resolution. If I want to cut 200 pixels (100 from both sides) I should add 1720x1080.

Adding this new resolution:

$ cvt 1720 1080 60
# 1720x1080 59.98 Hz (CVT) hsync: 67.18 kHz; pclk: 154.25 MHz
Modeline "1720x1080_60.00"  154.25  1720 1832 2008 2296  1080 1083 1093 1120 -hsync +vsync

Now copy output starting from word "Modeline", and run this:

xrandr --newmode "1720x1080_60.00"  154.25  1720 1832 2008 2296  1080 1083 1093 1120 -hsync +vsync

Now run xrandr command, and look at the seconds line:

  eDP1 connected 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 282mm x 165mm

eDP1 is the name of connected output. Enter it to the next command

xrandr --addmode eDP1 "1720x1080_60.00"

Now run xrandr to check that new resolution successfully added.

$ xrandr

Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1920 x 1080, maximum 32767 x 32767
eDP1 connected 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 282mm x 165mm
   1920x1080      60.0*+   59.9     40.0
   1680x1050      60.0     59.9
   1600x1024      60.2
   1400x1050      60.0
   1280x1024      60.0
   1440x900       59.9
   1280x960       60.0
   1360x768       59.8     60.0
   1152x864       60.0
   1024x768       60.0
   800x600        60.3     56.2
   640x480        59.9
   1720x1080_60.00   59.7

Now run arandr command.

Do right click on your output, in my case it is eDP1, then Resolution, and pick your new resolution. It should do what you want.

Everything was taken from Ubuntu Wiki, please read it if you have any doubts.


How do I answer a video call request in Empathy?

Yes, this should be working

From here

  Does Empathy support audio and video chat with Google Talk?

  Yes, you can have a audio or video chat on the Gtalk protocol with someone using Gmail's video chat feature, Empathy or Pidgin.

Note that if your contact is using Google Video, be sure he has the latest version of the plugin which can be downloaded from this page.

If it is not working, you should probably file a bug report.


first try to rename your procps.conf as

sudo mv /etc/init/procps.conf /etc/init/procps.conf.old

if it works , well and good otherwise  last workaround is to download procps (1:3.3.3-2ubuntu7) and libprocps0 (1:3.3.3-2ubuntu7) then installing them manually.

You can download them from -

http://packages.ubuntu.com/saucy/procps

and

http://packages.ubuntu.com/saucy/libprocps0

Updating them can fix the issue as mentioned here https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/procps/+bug/1157643 . its a well known bug , visit the link provided .

hope this time it will work.


Enable proprietary driver option disappeared after enabling it for AMD ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4330

The proprietary fglrx driver (which is what you get from Additional Drivers) is not supported anymore by ATI for any ubuntu newer than 12.04.01.  Or for any other linux distro using the same kernel.  You should be using the open source radeon driver.


Ubuntu 14.04 - Wi-Fi disconnecting after minutes

Since it's working based on where you stand, a couple of things to try out..

wifi doesn't pass metal, make sure the router is not obstructed by
wire mesh, home electronics, maybe walls.
if your router has antennas, please put your laptop in the non working position, and play with the antennas, and see the signal
strength
Try different bands in the router, or try 5Ghz spectrum if is supported. 2.4Ghz tends to get busy in apartment buildings.
Check if you don't have conflicting equipment running, such as bluetooth ( other wifi router perhaps in the cable modem, cellphone, that might overlap your wifi)
If the router is old or weak, it might be the case that if you open too many connections it puts the router under too much load. Check your browsing habits.
Make sure you run a wpa2 encrypted channel and you don't have rogue users stressing your router..


It depends on how have you configured Bumblebee. If you open /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf you will see the following option:

TurnCardOffAtExit=true

Depending if it is true or false, Bumblebee will turn off the card for you after optirun finishes or not.
It depends if your applications use or not the GPU. In my system the discrete card is enough to play 1080p videos and use HDMI, so I really only use it for games.
When you installed Bumblebee it should have installed bumblebee-nvidia, which if I'm not wrong will install nvidia-current. You can check which nVidia packages you have installed with dpkg --get-selections | grep nvidia.
That's the strength of opensource: you have N ways to do something, and if you don't like any probably you are able to make your own way :) . In regard the driver, I would say the best is the one that is more recent and works (this may not always be true). So you can try each one and see which works the best.
If you read that file you will understand why. There are many options that you need to specify (ex: which driver to use, make Bumblebee turn card off or not, what Bumblebee should do if anything fails, etc)that Bumblebee can not guess by itself. For example, take this section from that file:

[driver-nvidia]
# Module name to load, defaults to Driver if empty or unset
KernelDriver=nvidia-current
PMMethod=auto
# colon-separated path to the nvidia libraries
LibraryPath=/usr/lib/nvidia-current:/usr/lib32/nvidia-current
# comma-separated path of the directory containing nvidia_drv.so and the
# default Xorg modules path
XorgModulePath=/usr/lib/nvidia-current/xorg,/usr/lib/xorg/modules
XorgConfFile=/etc/bumblebee/xorg.conf.nvidia

If you only install nvidia-319 for example, probably Bumblebee will stop working because when asked to use the card, it will try to use nvidia-current.

So, if you want to make this as simple as possible, use nvidia-current or nouveau. If they work I doubt the performance increase to use a more modern driver pays the hassle. Primus is not required, but should give you a performance boost.


Try to add this file to /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-radeon.conf

Section "Device"
    Identifier "Radeon"
    Driver "radeon"
    Option "TearFree" "on"
EndSection


10.4 LTS only uses one Ethernet port, driver fails to compile

You need to install linux-headers-generic (or linux-headers-generic-pae if you're running a 32-bit PAE kernel) for the headers needed to compile out-of-tree modules.


So i managed to fix this with

sudo modprobe uas

after reading this:

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/239782/connection-problem-with-usb3-external-storage-on-linux-uas-driver-problem


You have trashed the definition of PATH, the list of directories the shell searches for commands you type. Thus, when you type ls the shell looks at the directories in $PATH and doesn't find /bin/ls. There is a two-step fix:

# First, manually set PATH to something survivable
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin

# then edit your `~/.bashrc`, find the line that begins with
# "/home/some/path:/home/some/other/path" and see why Bash wants to
# see an identifier at this point. Bad continuation on the previous line?
nano ~/.bashrc

When you've fixed the problem, either log out/in or source ~/.bashrc in every shell process you have open.


How to use umake to install the Go language (version 1.8) in Ubuntu 16.10?

Reviewing umake documents

Installing umake on your system does required using sudo

However it is clear that running umake app-name should be done as regular user and not as root.

The proper command which should be executed in order to install go is:

umake go

If you already executed:

sudo umake go

You might need to remove the previous installation (which was done by sudo umake go) before running the umake go

Solving permission issues caused by sudo umake go

The source of the below error seems to be the execution of umake go as root.

  PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/home/$user/.profile'

In order to solve it, please execute which will change the ownership of the files in your home-directory to be own by you.

assuming that thomas is your username, and /home/thomas is your home directory, the following should change the ownership of .profile to be thomas instead of root

sudo chown thomas /home/thomas/.profile

$USER variable should hold your username (you can replace the $USER in the command with your username)


How much disk space is allocated in Ubuntu for a new user?

There is no limitations by default. The new user can take all of free space unless you install special quota program. To install it in Ubuntu, you have to write in Terminal:

sudo apt-get install quota

There are plenty of tutorials on how to use quota in Linux around the Internet, just search "quota ubuntu".
For quick start, you may use this tutorial.


How do I get C++ to work with Code:Blocks?

Actually Codeblocks has sometime a problem like the one you mention. what I do is click on New File and select Empty File or just press Shift+Ctrl+N and then SAVE the file with some name .cpp. Like example.cpp.

THEN  you start writing the code for it. When finished press F9 for it to Build and Run.

IF by any chance you do not have g++ in your Ubuntu (In my ubuntu it does not come by default) just install it by sudo apt-get install g++ or better yet the build essential tools sudo apt-get install build-essential and close and open CodeBlocks.


Unable to download Ubuntu 18.10 into Lenvo y530

Have you tried creating a partition in windows disk management, and then chose that partition when installing Ubuntu?

Here is how to install on a custom partition:

How to use manual partitioning during installation?


Lubuntu 18.10 not booting completely after upgrade

Unfortunately, sometimes things break when doing an upgrade. I don't do that anymore because a similar situation happened to me. I just don't trust an upgrade. The only thing I can think of is to do a fresh install. Like I said I have had this happen. It also taught me a lesson, always backup your data.


14.04 Desktop - how to assign domain to hostname?

... as stated by adonis in the comment, I've overlooked the record for the host in the 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa DNS zone! Once corrected, everything looks good :

Before...

  nulinflux@supernova:~$ dig -x 192.168.1.254

;; ANSWER SECTION:
254.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 259200 IN   PTR supernova.dark.void.

After...

  nulinflux@supernova:~$ dig -x 192.168.1.254

;; ANSWER SECTION:
254.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 259200 IN   PTR supernova.space.opened.

  nulinflux@supernova:~$ hostname -A

supernova.space.opened

Case closed!


Access an encrypted drive from one to the other installation results in No key available with this passphrase"

I'm not sure this is the case but when you encrypt a file with gpg it creates two keys, one private and one public. I think your problem might be that you don't have in your hard disk one copy of the private key to decrypt the other hard disk.
I'm not sure about this, you may try and see what happens or wait for more experienced member to give you the solution!


I cannot reboot my computer, when i try to i only see a black screen

May I ask if this computer device of yours uses hard drive?  It could be an out of the blue chance that the hard drive failed at some point in time moments before closing the computer, after you used the Ubuntu for the first time.  I would also like to ask if it is an SSD and if so, how old is the SSD?  Even a hard drive/SSD end of life scenario, the BIOS may not work.  The reason being that in the case of an UEFI, the UEFI BIOS may be on the storage medium instead of on an integrated flash chip.  This is typically the case in cheap or computers that came out around the start of the Windows support for UEFI era.
It could be possible that the device had the wrong BIOS settings in the first place.    Take for example the scenario described on this support thread for the Lenovo ThinkPad P52.  The issue described is almost like the issue you are describing. https://forums.lenovo.com/t5/Ubuntu/P52-Windows-10-dual-boot-Ubuntu-18-04-1/m-p/4160018?page=1#4186981 The thing is you may need to have beforehand turned off secure boot and UEFI in the BIOS.
A very unusual but possible thing could be your screen has gone bad.


Ubuntu 18.04 uses just 2 GB of 16 GB RAM. Do I need to do something about it?

Your system seems to be fine. It sees all 16G. And it'll only use as much memory as required by the system, and running applications. The rest of memory goes to file/disk buffers/cache or available, when viewed with the free -h command.
total ~= used + free + buff/cache
available ~= total - used


just installed ubuntu 13.04 is running extremely slow

Via is not  well Supported for Ubuntu. Check out this Post:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/OpenChrome


You should create two users.

User A: can manage certain folders.
User B: can manage the rest of the folders.

Change the password to root so only you know it and no one but you can change permissions.

Do not give root privileges to either user and this way they will be unable to "reactive" it.

There is NO way to disable root...


Updating Google Chrome gives sources.list error

You are getting this error because chrome has dropped support for its 32bit variant on Linux.You might want to shift to another browser. http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2016/01/google-chrome-linux-32-bit-discontinued

Chromium is your best alternative, considering how similar it is to Chrome.

In the meanwhile, you can use one of the following URLs to fix the issue
.

http://www.webupd8.org/2016/03/fix-failed-to-fetch-google-chrome_3.html
http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2016/03/fix-failed-to-fetch-google-chrome-apt-error-ubuntu


I used the work-around in

Stuck at 800x600 display resolution Ubuntu 14

This increases the resolution to an acceptable level (2560x1440) by editing /etc/default/grub - changing to GRUB_GFXMODE 2560x1440.

However, I feel that the Nvidia driver is not installed properly so this is just a work-around...


You've asked a few specific questions so I will go ahead and answer those.

  what is the boot drive? Is it simply whatever drive I have the Linux OS on?

/boot is the place everything your computer needs to boot is stored, including the kernel and grub. Ubuntu doesn't remove old kernels by default so they can pile up and eventually take up all the space on /boot.

  I can see in my System Monitor that my boot drive is pretty much full, but the internal 1 terabyte HDD has barely been touched. Is my boot drive a different storage unit in my computer I don’t know about (perhaps something that comes default on the motherboard)?

On a basic install if boot is full your hard drive should be too, so without more information about how you setup your Ubuntu install I can't say why boot is full but your hard drive isn't. It is possible you setup /boot to be on a different partition or another HDD altogether, in which case you would see this behaviour.

  I’ve done some looking around on forums and see that people clear out old kernels. I don’t quite understand what this means. Are they simply deleting the old updates, because the newer ones have essentially more efficient and better programming/capabilities?

Pretty much, yes. Periodically the kernel will be updated to a new version. When this happens Ubuntu doesn't remove the old version(s) because sometimes a newer kernel can cause stability issues with some hardware so they leave the older versions to fall back to just in case (this has only happened to me once in ~5 years).

Removing the old kernels is definitely the best solution. The best way to do this would be to periodically run the command:

sudo apt-get autoremove

which will remove old obsolete packages that are no longer needed (including old kernels). See this question for other ways to remove old kernels: How do I free up more space in /boot?

  Is there a way to do this without using the command line?

Absolutely. Check out this answer, using the synaptic package manager, as well as this answer, using Ubuntu Tweak. (both from the question I mentioned in the last point)


Can I run Steam as its own standalone session?

Perhaps this story might be sufficient which uses steam-login which uses xfwm4 under the covers to provide a lightweight desktop with Steam on top.

Here's the information from the README:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:thor27-gmail/steam-desktop
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install steam-login

Then logout and back in to get a Steam session. See also:

What are PPAs and how do I use them?
Are PPA's safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?


Problem installing apache webserver: “You don't have permission to access this resource.” on http://localhost/

Problem is solved!!

I did this:

joris@joris-MS-7798:/etc/apache2/sites-available$ sudo a2dissite 000-default
[sudo] wachtwoord voor joris:
Site 000-default disabled.
To activate the new configuration, you need to run:
systemctl reload apache2
joris@joris-MS-7798:/etc/apache2/sites-available$ sudo a2ensite gci.conf
Site gci already enabled
joris@joris-MS-7798:/etc/apache2/sites-available$ sudo service apache2 reload

And it worked!!


Think that , you must have at first free space on your hard disk to install it
this space must be a sigle partion that you will install windows on it
then go to restart and choose bios option to choose to load from your usb or your iso disk , now you will boot with it and you will be able to choose the partion that you will install windows micro soft on it , any way if you will install windows after or before ubuntu , it must have it's own partion , you can't install them on the same partion
install it and choose which one you will load


Integration of owncloud desktop client with dolphin

In Ubuntu 18.04.1 the package for Dolphin is called 'dolphin-owncloud'.
To adress in Dolphin use webdav:
'webdavs://yourOwncloudWebsite/remote.php/webdav/'.


can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'

After checking that /etc/mysql/my.cnf was correct (port=3306, bind-address=127.0.0.1), I was still having trouble. I then got /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock automatically by installing mysql-server:

$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server-5.5

I then tried starting the mysql server as thefourtheye said, but still got the same error you're getting when trying to start mysql via $ mysql -u root.

Finally, I found a similar discussion on ubuntu forums that finally fixed it for me.

Here's the only part of the link that I found I needed to do:

$ sudo service mysql stop
$ sudo /etc/init.d/apparmor reload
$ sudo service mysql start

Then I was able to start mysql with $ mysql -u root -p, using the password I set when I installed mysql-server-5.5


Where is the Ubuntu cursor, in the source code?

If I understand correctly, you are looking for the cursor you have in graphic applications.

The cursor is not just an image; there is a whole "cursor theme" involved (it changes when selecting, writing text, etc.!). So the location of the files are theme-dependent.

In my Ubuntu Gnome the default cursor theme (you can check it with gnome-tweak-tool) is called Adwaita; searching for it with

 locate -i adwaita | grep -i cursor

points to /usr/share/icons/Adwaita/cursors. The files there are not simple graphic files, but X11 cursor files, whose manipulation is explained in this question: Opening cursor files in a graphics editor?

unity-tweak-tool will point you to the correct site if you have Unity.

You can also check this Q&A: How to change mouse cursor and theme?.

In my standard gimp installation in Ubuntu I can simply open it; see:

% gimp left_ptr

as you can see, is a multi-layer image with the cursor for different size. If you just keep the biggest one, export to PNG, you have this:


Make sure you have the packages overlay-scrollbar and liboverlay-scrollbar-0.1-0 installed. (It's possible that you somehow lost the package ubuntu-desktop which usually is responsible for pulling in such new packages.)
Overlay scrollbars only work in a handful of applications right now (easiest to test are probably Nautilus and gedit), so maybe you have just tested the wrong applications.


how to solve "the following packages have unmet dependencies" error?

Instead of installing it via sudo apt-get install libXmu6:i386 you need to enter sudo apt-get install libxmu6.

Another tip: you can use aptitude for things like this. Install aptitude via sudo apt-get install aptitude and then use aptitude to look up possible package matches using: aptitude search libXmu6 and then install them via sudo apt-get install <whatever_package_you_found>


See this link for custom keyboard layout definition


Import error packages with Python installed on Ubuntu 12.04

You were missing one or more development fies during compiling. It probably reported at the end of configuring or make that some modules haven't been build.

Try to install openssl-dev first and then build/install again.

Is there a reason to use the exact 3.1.3 version? The 12.04 repositories contain Python 3.2.


I discovered that the only way to do it is to install our own DNS serve so that we can edit our zone file inside our server and add cnames. So, in this way we can write a shell script to automate the process of adding DNS each time we add content of a website. The best DNS server is BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) .

Here are some useful links for BIND:

Official page
Wikipedia page
How to Configure

Hope I helped others who are looking for solution to the problem same as me.


I cannot download anything ie. msn or pokerstarsAny ideas?

The only good way to install software into ubuntu is to use the package manager (it should be named Software center in English, and show as an icon in the left bar of the standard ubuntu interface). You should be able to find there some applications suiting your needs, or maybe they are already installed on your system. For example, the instant messenger client Empathy, which is included in ubuntu install, is able to communicate over MSN / WLM protocols without any problem.

If you really want to use windows applications, you should download the windows emulator Wine (through Software center !) and then choose Wine as default application to open windows executables. But this option isn't encouraged except for specific software who don't have any open equivalent, because you would then face the same issues as the ones you may have with windows : the need to be careful about virus, the need to solve dependencies by hand, the frequent compatibility issues or clashes...


Why is there a five second pause at the beginning of every video?

This is an old posting from 2011 but I found that it nonetheless helped me with a similar delayed audio problem: https://www.tolaris.com/2011/07/03/solving-the-2-second-sound-delay-with-xbmc-and-hdmi/

To quote the relevant portion:

  Run this in a terminal (or in /etc/rc.local, or ~/.gnomerc, or however
  you like):

  aplay -c2 -r48000 -fS16_LE < /dev/zero &

This plays constant silence with little performance hit (if any) and, at least in my case, solves the audio delay issue.


How do I find out the name of the SSID I'm connected to from the command line?

iwgetid provides the ssid

iwgetid -r gives just the name.

In a Bash script try something like myssid=$(iwgetid -r) to put it in a variable


QtWebSockets not available on Ubuntu Touch

Try import Qt.WebSockets 1.0.  This is the module name given in the qmldir file.

The QML Documentation says that the QtWebSockets name was introduced in Qt 5.5; prior to that, the namespace was Qt.WebSockets.  Apparently, the old namespace is still active in 5.5, so I'd use it for the time being.


The equivalent of command1 | command2 is command2 < <(command1)

This can be extended to three (or more) commands too.

command3 < <(command2 < <(command1))

$ lspci | grep 'Network'
 02:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) (rev 01)

$ grep 'Network' <(lspci)
 02:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) (rev 01)

$ lspci | grep 'Network' | grep -o 'controller'
 controller

$ grep -o 'controller' < <(grep 'Network' < <(lspci))
 controller

However, as Oli suggested, although this may produce the same output, it isn't technically the same as a pipe.

  <(..) turns the internal command output's STDOUT into a file handler
  (that the command, grep in your example) opens. When you pipe, the
  reading command is reading directly from STDIN (which is being filled
  with the piped command's STDOUT). Subtle differences but can be
  significant with commands that only know how to read STDIN.


For example, you just want to update firefox out of all other updates.
Then just type in terminal:

sudo apt-get install firefox

It will install only firefox update, leaving the others.


Rebooted Ubuntu 12.04 after installing Nvidia driver. Monitor now says 'Out of Range'

First possibility: Try do uninstall the Nvidia driver from the terminal, boot into your system without the drivers and then reinstall the driver from jocke-gtk.

Second:
http://www.nvidia.com/object/unix.html
1. Choose your architecture
2. Download the file
3. chmod +x nvidia_driver_file_which_you downloaded
4. exit X
5. su
6. ./nvidia_driver_file_which_you_downloaded


Preface on preexisting partition layout

All that is written below assumes that your additional hard drive has one single partition and is formatted ext4 (Ubuntu default). We also assume that the existing hard drive device name is /dev/sda containing at least partitions sda1 for root and sda2 for swap.

List all partitions with this command in a terminal (sudo will ask for your password that you will have to type blindly):

sudo fdisk -l

Example:

Disk /dev/sda: 55,9 GiB, 60022480896 bytes, 117231408 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0001fb85

Device     Boot Start       End   Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1  *     2048 117229567 117227520 55,9G 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 2,7 TiB, 3000592982016 bytes, 5860533168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: DA1A0C2A-06C2-4648-85BF-720E005BD5BD

Device        Start        End    Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sdb1  81920000 5860532223 5778612224  2,7T Linux filesystem

In the above example disk /dev/sda holds one partition /dev/sda1 and /dev/sdb holds one partition /dev/sdb1 (my swap is on another hard disk).

  Check here whether partition /dev/sdb1 really is from the new drive.

Create a mount point for the new drive

We can give any name for the directory (mount point) or subdirectory that holds the new drive but we should avoid a name that already exists (or may exist later). Below is only an example, choose whatever best suits your layout.

For now let's choose a simple name data1 and let it mount to /data1. In your terminal give in the following command:

sudo mkdir /data1

First unmount the new hard drive then mount it (presumably /dev/sdb1) to the new mountpoint to see that all is as expected:

sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /data1
sudo chmod 755 /data1  ## make sensible permissions
cd /data1              ## change to the mount directory
ls -a                  ## list content of the new hard drive

If all is OK we can unmount the drive with

sudo umount /dev/sdb1

More information on mount and mountpoints:

Creating a mount point if it does not exist
Ubuntu Help: Mount

Get the UUID of the new hard drive partition

Any partition of any hard drive will have a unique number called UUID (Universally Unique Identifier). So your old hard drive will have a UUID and your new drive will have another. This UUID will be used later to make sure it is the correct partition we mount. To list the UUIDs of attached drives issue:

sudo blkid

In the resulting list you will find the device name of each registered partition, and it's UUID (you may not have a LABEL).

Example:

/dev/sda1: LABEL="ROOT" UUID="ede85c57-e919-4e1f-be24-f8bae5dbb500" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="0001fb85-01"
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="BIGSHARE" UUID="c3fa201e-f00b-4959-ae27-4a947d7c2584" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="a2617ede-6bd2-40c1-8f4c-2a28a0c839af"

Copy the UUID of the new drive (above that would be c3fa201e-f... yours will be different) for being able to paste it later.

Edit fstab to add the new drive

We have a configuration file /etc/fstab where all partitions are listed that will be mounted at boot.

Let us first make a backup of that file to be able to revert changes:

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak

Then add a new partition by editing this file as root:

sudo nano /etc/fstab

At the bottom of that file add a line similar to this:

UUID=<paste number copied from above>   /data1    ext4    defaults    0    2

Write the file with Ctrl + O then Return. Quit the editor with Ctrl + X.

Detailed information on fstab: Ubuntu Community Wiki

Test settings

To see if the drive is mounted correctly we can simulate the mount process at boot with

sudo mount -a

All files of the new hard drive can now be seen in /data1 and they will still be there on the next reboot.

Want to move all HOME to the new drive?

We may want to move all of the HOME directory to that new drive. To do so see my answer to the following question:

Move home folder to second drive

Alternatives

For an alternative approach see: How to mount a new drive on startup


When downloading a windows steam game over Ubuntu Wine, I get the error "content server unreachable"

I received a solution to my problem in the first post of this thread that I made on the wine forums:

https://forum.winehq.org/viewtopic.php?f=8&t=30767

Go to the link that they provide and edit the config file as specified.

  For the store not working the flag is -no-cef-sandbox

  For the content server error, a bug was filed
  here

  For now there's a workaround given that requires editing a file in the
  Steam/config directory. Comment #4 has the workaround:
  https://bugs.winehq.org/show_bug.cgi?id=45329#c4

  I found out the difference between my two Steam installations - the one that works has a different config in drive_c/Program Files/Steam/config/config.vdf

  After installing Steam in a fresh WINEPREFIX, downloading games won't work. Open the mentioned config, and under:

"InstallConfigStore"
{
  "Software"
  {
    "Valve"
    {
      "Steam"
       {

  add the following entry (for me it's directly under "cip" and "CM"):

"CS" "valve511.steamcontent.com;valve501.steamcontent.com;valve517.steamcontent.com;valve557.steamcontent.com;valve513.steamcontent.com;valve535.steamcontent.com;valve546.steamcontent.com;valve538.steamcontent.com;valve536.steamcontent.com;valve530.steamcontent.com;valve559.steamcontent.com;valve545.steamcontent.com;valve518.steamcontent.com;valve548.steamcontent.com;valve555.steamcontent.com;valve556.steamcontent.com;valve506.steamcontent.com;valve544.steamcontent.com;valve525.steamcontent.com;valve567.steamcontent.com;valve521.steamcontent.com;valve510.steamcontent.com;valve542.steamcontent.com;valve519.steamcontent.com;valve526.steamcontent.com;valve504.steamcontent.com;valve500.steamcontent.com;valve554.steamcontent.com;valve562.steamcontent.com;valve524.steamcontent.com;valve502.steamcontent.com;valve505.steamcontent.com;valve547.steamcontent.com;valve560.steamcontent.com;valve503.steamcontent.com;valve507.steamcontent.com;valve553.steamcontent.com;valve520.steamcontent.com;valve550.steamcontent.com;valve531.steamcontent.com;valve558.steamcontent.com;valve552.steamcontent.com;valve563.steamcontent.com;valve540.steamcontent.com;valve541.steamcontent.com;valve537.steamcontent.com;valve528.steamcontent.com;valve523.steamcontent.com;valve512.steamcontent.com;valve532.steamcontent.com;valve561.steamcontent.com;valve549.steamcontent.com;valve522.steamcontent.com;valve514.steamcontent.com;valve551.steamcontent.com;valve564.steamcontent.com;valve543.steamcontent.com;valve565.steamcontent.com;valve529.steamcontent.com;valve539.steamcontent.com;valve566.steamcontent.com;valve165.steamcontent.com;valve959.steamcontent.com;valve164.steamcontent.com;valve1611.steamcontent.com;valve1601.steamcontent.com;valve1617.steamcontent.com;valve1603.steamcontent.com;valve1602.steamcontent.com;valve1610.steamcontent.com;valve1615.steamcontent.com;valve909.steamcontent.com;valve900.steamcontent.com;valve905.steamcontent.com;valve954.steamcontent.com;valve955.steamcontent.com;valve1612.steamcontent.com;valve1607.steamcontent.com;valve1608.steamcontent.com;valve1618.steamcontent.com;valve1619.steamcontent.com;valve1606.steamcontent.com;valve1605.steamcontent.com;valve1609.steamcontent.com;valve907.steamcontent.com;valve901.steamcontent.com;valve902.steamcontent.com;valve1604.steamcontent.com;valve908.steamcontent.com;valve950.steamcontent.com;valve957.steamcontent.com;valve903.steamcontent.com;valve1614.steamcontent.com;valve904.steamcontent.com;valve952.steamcontent.com;valve1616.steamcontent.com;valve1613.steamcontent.com;valve958.steamcontent.com;valve956.steamcontent.com;valve906.steamcontent.com"

  I don't know if the whitespace matters, here it's four tab characters
  (0x09) "CS" two tabs and the rest, on one line. Without the ">".


Making simple graphical programs without an X Server (alternatives to svgalib)

This is potentially possible but it's not really frequently done and likely you are heading into murky territory.  Using X in some way is likely a better idea.  Best alternate suggestion I have perhaps is to look at fbdev, found some details here though there are probably better sources:
http://betteros.org/tut/graphics1.php


Launch an application in Windows from the Ubuntu desktop

There are some limitation from the Windows guests but to run a guest application in seamless mode from a script that can be put in a launcher we tested the following procedure:

Start VirtualBox Manager
Log in to windows with you user and password
Switch to seamless mode Host + L
In seamless mode save the machine's state

Now we can get full command line control over the virtual machine with the following commands:

Start the virtual machine from seamless save state

VBoxManage startvm "<Name_of_VM>"

or (for the Qt frontend)

VirtualBox --startvm "<Name_of_VM>"

Run an application in the VM

VBoxManage --nologo guestcontrol "<Name_of_VM>" run --exe "C:\\full\\path\\to\\program.exe" --username windowsuser --password password --wait-stdout

Terminate VM in save state

VBoxManage controlvm "Name_of_VM" savestate

Put these in a script to enjoy seamless Windows application windows on your Ubuntu desktop.

In case you have set up a passwordless Windows logon this will not work. See in the Virtual Box Manual for limitations and how to configure Windows to get it working.

  Also, to use accounts without or with an empty password, the guest's group policy must be changed. To do so, open the group policy editor on the command line by typing gpedit.msc, open the key Computer Configuration\Windows Settings\Security Settings\Local Policies\Security Options and change the value of Accounts: Limit local account use of blank passwords to console logon only to Disabled.

On operating systems without the Group Policy Editor (gpedit.msc), such as Home editions of Windows, creating a DWORD at the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\limitblankpassworduse and setting it to zero will achieve the same effect, according to this answer.


It just means that you DIDN'T resume from hibernation.  Ignore it ( unless you were TRYING to resume from hibernation ).


intention for new group - but how solve data-floods?

solution would be this (thought about it over afternoon):

the deaf person, sends a video in sign-language with question to
translator. Translator writes video in English and posts this question
here on askbuntu.com

when answer is arriving - then translator sends answer in sign-language to deaf back.

this would work, and there would be no over-load of video-files at forum
resp. at ubuntu.com

I myself am ready to edit and translate all incoming videos - this would mean
a good job for me !


Screen keeps turning off on Ubuntu 17.04 after 30 seconds of inactivity

I'm sorry that this won't fix your problem, but this is the first google result for 'ubuntu screen turning off after 30 seconds of inactivity' and I wanted to share that this problem happened to me on Ubuntu 16.04 after letting my laptop battery fully deplete and force shutdown, and the fix was:

xset -dpms

This answer is for anyone else that might be helped.  Sorry OP.


How do I check if a set of commands are executed on startup?

If your auto started .desktop file is a script you simply can put a control echo into the script like following example:

# if yyou want only data saved for one run

echo "Script has run on $(date)" > ~/script.log

# if you want a continous log output append

if [ -e ~/script-log ]
    then
        echo "Script has run on $(date)" >> ~/script.log
else
        touch ~/script.log
        echo "Script has run on $(date)" >> ~/script.log
fi

This way you even can output some variable data you might want for controling this way. Just make sure your final result is printed after all commands in the script so you know the script has run through.

If you want to exactly know if your commands in your script have failed you as well can do:

# do this at start of your script

if [ -e ~/script-error.log ]
    then
        # we do nothing
else
        touch ~/script-error.log
fi

# then within your script (I use as example here cd /root just to demonstrate)
# you can do this with nearly all commands

cd /root 2>> ~/script-error.log

This would fetch only if one of your commands would throw an error. Sure not applicable everywhere but sill better as having no output at all.

Explanation of the piping:

# single piping symbol (overwrite the existing file and creates one if not existant)
>               # pipes all output
1>              # pipes only success messages
2>              # pipes only error messages

# double piping symbol (append to an existing file and fail if file does not exist)
>>              # pipes all output
1>>             # pipes only success messages
2>>             # pipes only error messages

Want to know more about bash scripting in depth here two links:

Bash Guide for Beginners - Machtelt Garrels - 2008
Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide - Mendel Cooper - 2014


How to change display app for sh scripts?

I need to set application/x-shellscript, not the text one, as file --mime suggests.


@parto links something usefull

What I want to point out is that if you have different partitions for /(root) and home
you can boot with live cd (12.04) choose something different in the options to manually decide your partitioning .

Mount everything as before home to home, swap to swap and root to root ( / ) but you have to format this system partition ( with the ubuntu version you choose )

With this you still have to get all the apps and packages you need but some of your customization will still stand because for example firefox and thunderbird (.) hidden folder exists in your home directory .

If you don't have partitions and you decided to make one big piece for everything you must already have a copy of your essential files , in that case make a new installation with partitions to avoid this in the future .

Don't forget to back up of your files , just in case .

There are some very good guides for partitioning take a look if necessary .

I hope it helps


Installing xubuntu Desktop Environment on Ubuntu Server 14.04

First you don't want to install xubuntu-desktop xfce4 but apt-get install xubuntu-desktop^.  The first way pulls in tons of extra "recommended" packages (like extra untiy, gnome, qt, kde, and xscreensaver stuff) that can  make the experience sub-par.  The second way uses the xubuntu-desktop task that is more inline with how the xubuntu installation media is created.

Then you need to move or delete the ~/.config/xfce directory.  This will cause a brand new set of XFCE defaults to be created that match the "Good Looking GUI".

You'll want to do this at a virtual terminal preferably not in a broken GUI session.
I'd recommend rebooting after doing all of this so that the graphical greeter is used.

On the initial login via graphical login make sure to choose xubuntu-session.

This is based on what I had to do to get a decent XFCE desktop on Ubuntu 14.04 Server.


Guest os shortcuts are not working on ubuntu 17.10 in vmware horizon view and virtual box

It's a Wayland problem. In the Ubuntu login screen you can choose X11. Than it should work again.


How to charge the battery till 60-80% only?

For IBM Thinkpads there exist a module tp_smapi to control charge thresholds. It you fix the start charge threshold at 60% and stop at 95%, the battery will charge upto 95% and stop charging (It will not discharge either). Once the AC power goes off the laptop will discharge but will not start recharging, even if plugged into AC, till the battery has discharged below 60%. Its  useful feature to increase battery life as Li-ion batteries are best stored at 40%. If you don't often go off AC power the battery will remain at 40-60% as per threshold set by you and hence last for a long time. I'm not aware if the same module would work for other laptops as well.
Sam - IBM Thinkpad - R52/R60.


How to run script (.sh) files in a new terminal after connecting to Ubuntu 16.04 server via ssh?

Assuming Ubuntu to Ubuntu

If you have installed the relevant software in the server, you can log in remotely with ssh -X and then run graphical application programs like terminator and gnome-terminal. See this link,

What is the simplest way to have remote GUI access to Ubuntu 16.04 “server” from Ubuntu 16.04 “desktop”?
You can also simply start other terminal windows locally, and in those windows login remotely with ssh and that way run several text mode application programs in the server (each one in its own terminal window).

If you use Windows 10 desktop and want to connect to your ubuntu server

A simple solution is to install and use Putty in Windows according to the following link,

www.putty.org/

  PuTTY is an SSH and telnet client, developed originally by Simon
  Tatham for the Windows platform. PuTTY is open source software that is
  available with source code and is developed and supported by a group
  of volunteers.

  You can download PuTTY here.

You can start one or more Putty windows and run different tasks via ssh.

As described in a comment by @SergiyKolodyazhnyy, you can use xrdp to open remote desktop session from Windows to Ubuntu.

As described in a comment by @PerlDuck, you can install and use an X server in Windows to be able to run graphical application programs via ssh, but according to your original question, it might be overkill.


How does Nautilus decide which icon to use?

TL;DR: Nautilus uses Gio's GDrive,GVolume, and GVolumeMonitor  interfaces to obtain icons corresponding to particular device.

Gio's API, drives and icons

Gio has set of classes which allow applications to read available drives and volumes, and what icons are associated to them (and that's something API already handles). The icons are returned as Gio Icon type, so applications don't particularly have to know where the icon is located, however requesting an icon by name or by full path is always possible. There's two types of icons you will see, "symbolic" and custom, and "symbolic" icons are sort of standard. If one looks through /usr/share/icons they'll find there are lots of icons that end with -symbolic in their name, stored across multiple theme folders (standard Adwaita, Humanity, and Oxygen are good examples) , typically .svg files. In the screenshot in the question, the icon for hard drive is drive-harddisk-symbolic and drive-removable-media-usb. When user switches desktop theme, the application doesn't have to look up full path to the icon - so long as there is drive-harddisk-symbolic icon in the theme folder, the Gio will find it and return to the application. How do I know all this ? I've used those same icons for my own UDisks Indicator (though my approach differs from what Nautilus does).

How Nautilus utilizes Gio's api

From reading Nautilus source code, specifically nautilusgtkplacesview.c code, essential parts are the following:

Nautilus adds drives and volumes (think partitions). There's add_drive function, which uses Gio's   g_drive_get_volumes (drive) function to get volumes on specific drive, and passes that information to Nautilus's add_volume()  function. Gio's g_volume_monitor_get_volumes() on lines 1139 and g_volume_monitor_get_mounts() 1164 fetches volumes that may not be associated with a drive (such as ftp or network shares), but that same information goes to add_volume() function and add_mount().
Icons are queried for mountpoints and volumes: Inside add_volume() function, Gio's g_volume_get_icon() function fetches the icon of type GIcon.  Inside add_mount() Gio's g_mount_get_icon() also of type GIcon. In both cases, icon along with other information are combined into an object of type NAUTILUS_TYPE_GTK_PLACES_VIEW_ROW and passed to insert_row() function
Rows inserted into Places container: The Places menu that you show in the example actually is one of the basic Gtk container types - Gtk Box. Inside that box there's ListBox for subsections - that's why there's separators for all user's folders, drives and volumes, and bookmarks. Nautilus creates  an object which extends from Gtk Box type, G_DEFINE_TYPE_WITH_PRIVATE (NautilusGtkPlacesView, nautilus_gtk_places_view, GTK_TYPE_BOX)
. The G_DEFINE_TYPE_WITH_PRIVATE is another standard function , and as you can see in Nautilus's definition the last item defines GTK_TYPE_BOX - parent object.  In the .c file on line 50, NautilusGtkPlacesViewPrivate structure is defined, which among other things has pointer to ListView widget. That's the actual contents of the object.

Now, insert_row() function takes instance of that type (NautilusGtkPlacesView *view), connects whole bunch of signals to the row item it received as argument, and using gtk_container_add inserts all the information ( along with the icon ) into the ListBox widget of the Nautilus Places object.

Lengthy explanation and probably looks simpler in a diagram, but also that's all written in C. Let's try to make something  ourselves in Python which is by far simpler and easier.

Python example

Here's a simple window that utilizes Gio's Drive interface to create buttons with icons corresponding to the attached drives. This is overly simplistic and needs polish, and inline-comments

import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gio,Gtk

class drives_window(Gtk.Window):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(title="Foobar")
        self.volume_monitor = Gio.VolumeMonitor.get()
        # We'll use Gtk.Box to hold all the buttons corresponding to each drive
        # although we haven't connected the buttons to any other function
        # so clicking on the does nothing
        self.box = Gtk.Box()
        for drive in self.volume_monitor.get_connected_drives():
            button = Gtk.Button()
            button.set_label(drive.get_name())
            button.set_always_show_image(True)
            icon = drive.get_symbolic_icon()
            # buttons need Gtk.Image widget, but .get_symbolic_icon() returns Gio.ThemedIcon
            # so we create new Gtk.Image using .new_From_gicon() function
            # Gtk.IconSize.BUTTON is a constant
            button.set_image(Gtk.Image.new_from_gicon(icon,Gtk.IconSize.BUTTON))
            self.box.pack_start(button,True,True,0)
        # add the box container to this window
        self.add(self.box)

window = drives_window()
window.connect("destroy",Gtk.main_quit)
window.show_all()
Gtk.main()

Simpler approach

Of course nowadays you don't have to reinvent the wheel. Gtk provides PlacesSidebar widget.

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from gi.repository import Gtk,Gio,GLib

w = Gtk.Window()
b1 = Gtk.Box()
p = Gtk.PlacesSidebar()
b1.pack_start(p,True,True,0)
b1.pack_start(Gtk.Button("Hello World"),True,True,0)
b1.pack_start(Gtk.Button("Hello World 2"),True,True,0)

w.add(b1)
w..connect("destroy",Gtk.main_quit)
w.show_all()

Gtk.main()

 Sidenote: Nautilus also has a header file nautilus-icon-names.h which defines constants with NAUTILUS_ prefix, such as

#define NAUTILUS_ICON_FILESYSTEM    "drive-harddisk-symbolic"

probably for developer/code consistency, instead of having to rely on looking up actual icon names. The only place where that particular definition is used is in get_icon function, and that function ironically is not used for Places side bar but is used inside pathbar updating function. Go figure,right ? ¯\_(ツ)_/¯


Ubuntu Touch Kernel Config [easy question]

If your port is based on CyanogenMod, then - "b) Cyanogenmod Kernel for the device I am porting the device to".


Make the script executable with:

chmod +x ./OculusConfigUtil_i386

Then run it with ./OculusConfigUtil_i386.

Both errors result from the missing execute premissions.


dpkg: error processing package hardening-includes

Ask apt to reinstall the package (this will fix any missing file and it'll reconfigure it again):

sudo apt-get install --reinstall hardening-includes


Update Manager reports ~2GB of updates after changing some settings

It's possible that you enable proposed and backports,  try unsetting them.

Start Update Manager - Settings, when you get Software Settings open go to the Update tab and check.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu#Updates_Tab


Will changing password re-encrypt my home directory?

There is no need to re-encrypt your home directory, and no further steps need to be taken.

Your home directory is not directly encrypted with your password.  Instead, the passphrase used to encrypt the home directory is itself encrypted with your password.

When you change your password, the home directory passphrase is re-encrypted with your new password, so you should have continued access to your files with the new password.

This is handled via PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules), so should work with any password change tool.  The exception is administrative password changes where the original password is not provided.  This is expected behaviour though: if the administrator could decrypt your files without knowing your password then there would be no actual protection.

In the case you perform an administrative password change, after mounting your home directory with

ecryptfs-mount-private

and your old password, issue

ecryptfs-rewrap-passphrase ~/.ecryptfs/wrapped-passphrase

to change the unwrapping password to match your new one. This way your home directory will be auto-mounted at login, just as it used to.


iptables forward port error - No chain/target/match by that name

Because PREROUTING chain belongs to the NAT table, not the FILTER table. If you do not mention any table explicitly by -t option, then FILTER is assumed.

So, you need to mention the table type with -t nat:

sudo iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 443 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 8443

Note that, MANGLE and RAW tables also have PREROUTING chain but as you are redirecting ports only, you are presumably looking for the NAT table.


How does one install the PECL inotify extension for PHP7?

Pecl installs inotify to /usr/lib/php/20151012/inotify.so and this isn't loaded by any default php.ini. So it needs to be added, by creating /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/inotify.ini with the following contents:

extension=inotify.so

And then running sudo phpenmod inotify

Now it works:

$ php -r "var_dump(function_exists('inotify_init'));"
bool(true)


Bluetooth not working with Atheros AR9462 chip on Utopic / 3.16 kernel

I would uninstall that dkms module as it doesn't list your device in ath3k.c or btusb.c
You could try this one that I modified to add your bluetooth ID to
https://www.dropbox.com/s/0mxc8g98abuoxcx/ar9462-dkms_2.0_all.deb?dl=0

If you see a firmware loading error in dmesg | grep firmware another few step need to be taken to help echo "blacklist ath3k" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/ath3k.conf and then sudo gedit /etc/rc.local and above the line that says exit 0 add modprobe ath3k save exit program and reboot.  I even had to do the last steps in 14.10 to get bluetooth working on a consistent basis

Edit: download this https://www.dropbox.com/s/ajxndivy4vwgapv/test.zip?dl=0 and extract it to /home so you have a folder named test in home, then in terminal sudo apt-get install build-essential

cd test
cp /usr/src/linux-headers-$(uname -r)/Module.symvers Module.symvers
make all
sudo dkms remove ar9462/2.0 --all
sudo dkms remove ar9462/1.5 --all
sudo modprobe -r ath3k
sudo modprobe -r btusb
sudo mv /lib/modules/$(uname-r)/kernel/drivers/bluetooth/ath3k.ko /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/bluetooth/ath3k.ko.bak
sudo mv /lib/modules/$(uname -r0/kernel/drivers/bluetooth/btusb.ko /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/bluetooth/btusb.ko.bak
sudo cp ath3k.ko  /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/bluetooth/
sudo cp btusb.ko  /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/drivers/bluetooth/

Reboot

modinfo ath3k | grep -i e076

If it displays a line with e076, it should work

Edit: I have learned that the firmware for this device is currently available only in windows drivers.  If you have dual boot with windows and the windows drivers installed, the firmware can be found in Program Files\Common Files\QCA_bluetooth


Ethernet won't work with dual boot win7, win7 also happens to be broken. RTL8111/8168/8411

It sounds like you may have two separate problems.

Problem #1

Windows not booting. Boot to the Windows install CD/DVD and go to troubleshooting and repair startup problems. Follow the steps and see if it'll repair the Windows problem.

Problem #2

The r8169 driver that your ethernet card is using is buggy. You need to use a different driver, the r8168-dkms driver. Boot Ubuntu. Start Synaptic. Click the RELOAD icon. Then click the SEARCH icon, and type in r8168-dkms. In the results pane, mark it for install. Click the APPLY icon. Reboot.


How to boot into Ubuntu from Grub prompt?

When you boot a live session, open the file manager, look in File system. You want to find / and then "media". In that folder, you'll find one or more folders. One of them will be your installed root directory wherein you should find "home", which contains your files.

What is important to remember, is that you'll have two almost identical file systems in the live session; the file system of the live session itself, and the file system that's stored on disk. It's the one that's stored on disk you're after and it is located in /media/something.


Same problem with a T5500 BIOS A02, ubuntu 16.04.
On wake up, the motherboard fan pulses and wins 500 rpm compared to normal state.

On normal use:


I had the same problem when I first installed Google Earth, but it was at about the same time as I installed Ubuntu 11.04.  So I installed fonts from the Ubuntu Software Center, including and especially the installer for the Microsoft TrueType fonts.  The next time I restarted the computer, it worked just fine.  I can't tell you exactly which font worked, but it seems that one of them did.


How do I install Oracle Java on 12.04 such that it works in Google Chrome/Chromium?

This question is now irrelevant as Chrome no longer supports Java beyond version 35.


Why does this show up — minerd: command not found?

That error means exactly what it sounds like. There's no minerd command installed on the path. The most likely reason —if you've compiled it— is it's not installed on the global path.

And that's fine, you just need to tell it to run the local binary. In the POSIX world, this needs to be explicit. cd into the directory* where the binary is and run ./minerd

*Accurate EnoughⓇ for this answer. You can also use the full path without changing directory.


Apt-get update always stuck at getting Release.gpg

i had a similar problem on Debian using simple-cdd.  I resolved the issue by specifying the version using --dist wheezy.


How to connect to tp-link wn881nd pci card wifi in Ubuntu 16.04 lts?

In 16.04 the default wlan0 device does not exist, instead there is some fancy name like  wlp2s0.
Use this command to determine your wlan interface name:

ifconfig

After that correct your wpa supplicant init command:

wpa_supplicant -D wext -i  wlp2s0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_conf.conf

Remember, the  wlp2s0 interface name comes from your ifconfig command, change it accordingly.


Will "Allow louder than 100%" damage my laptop's speakers?

No. Some speakers just do fine, however some speakers make the sound distorted, or just output no sound, but it provides no damage to the speaker, most likely.


Try this

google-chrome --enable-plugins -incognito "www.$(xclip -o).com"


Automating file transfer using Bash scripts in SSH on my new server from old server

Set up key-based ssh authentication

First, you need to generate a ssh key. On the machine you're connecting from, run:

$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/vidarlo/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/vidarlo/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/vidarlo/.ssh/id_rsa.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:/jxfxiWiao0m7YG9MiHgXBFKoo7kJcgTOrPtAZNtpVg vidarlo@hannah.bitsex.no
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|..E o.           |
|=B.+.            |
|@==. .           |
|=O= .            |
|o=oo    S   . . .|
| .o.. .+   . o o |
|  .  ..o+o.   +  |
|      + =*o  o   |
|       B+ oo.    |
+----[SHA256]-----+
[~]$

Just press enter when asked; the default locations and no passphrase is OK.

This will generate a private and public key. Next step is to copy the public key to the remote server, so that it can be used. ssh-copy-id can be used for this:

$ ssh-copy-id user@host
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/home/vidarlo/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
user@host's password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'user@host'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

At this stage you should be able to run ssh user@host, and get logged in without entering a password.

Backup job

You want a simple scp. This is bad for several reasons:

You don't get any history. If a file is overwritten by mistake, and you do not discover it before the next backup job, scp will happily overwrite the content.
You have to copy all the content every night.
You don't get a status report.
If a backup job does not finish in time, you risk having two backup jobs writing to the same content.

But, anyway. This can be done, as long as you're aware of the caveats. Use crontab -e to edit your users crontab. Insert a line like this:

0 5 * * * /usr/bin/scp "/path/to/backup" "user@remote:/path/to/store/backups"

This command will run nightly at 05:00. This can be changed if you desire. The explanation of the fields is as follows:

minutes, 0-60. 0 means run it at xx:00, * means run it every minute
hours, 0-23. 02 means 02:xx. * means every hour.
Day of month, 1-31. * means every day.
Month, 1-12. * is every month
Day of Week, 1-7.


Edit your /etc/sudoers with

sudo visudo

Don't use nano, vi or something else and add the lines below

%users ALL = NOPASSWD: /bin/mount
%users ALL = NOPASSWD: /bin/umount

You still need sudo to mount and unmount your devices, but no password.


How can I force 16.04 to add a repository even if it isn't considered secure enough?

I had the same problem trying to install CUDA 7.5 in Ubuntu 16.04. This is due to a missing SHA256 or SHA512 entry in the CUDA package
 (as reported by Debian team here).

It seems that we can't force apt-get update to fetch a "non secure repository", but I could avoid completely the problem by using the .run file. Here's what I did step by step:

Instead of downloading the .deb package, download the .run file (from
this page)
Install a compatible compiler (it seems that cuda 7.5 is not compatible with the default compiler of Ubuntu 16.04):

sudo apt-get install gcc-4.9 g++-4.9

You may need to install some additional packages (depends on your configuration):

sudo apt-get install nvidia-modprobe freeglut3-dev libx11-dev libxmu-dev libxi-dev libglu1-mesa-dev

Launch the run file and follow the instructions:

sudo sh cuda_7.5.18_linux.run

This worked well for me (don't forget to install the NVIDIA driver)

EDIT:
After step 2 & 3, if CUDA installer tries to use gcc 5.3.1 (default for ubuntu 16.04) as compiler instead of 4.9 version, you can try to remove the 5.3.1 version, install CUDA, then reinstall the latest gcc version.


How to fix GTK theme for Nemo's pathbar breadcrumbs and disk free space barchart

I installed Nemo from the Mint packaged for Ubuntu archives. This updated it, made some more nemo-* packages available and fixed the breadcrumbs, but I was left with the useless disk space indicators. Here's how I fixed those:
Create your own GTK+3 theme as follows
First, duplicate the Adwaita theme with the name Adwaita-custom
$ cd /usr/share/themes
$ sudo bash  # easier than prepending every line with sudo...
# cp -ar Adwaita Adwaita-custom
# cd Adwaita-custom
# sed -i 's/Adwaita/Adwaita-custom/' index.theme

Now we add special CSS for Nemo
# cd gtk-3.0
# echo '@import url("apps/nemo-custom.css");' >>gtk.css
# mkdir apps
# $EDITOR apps/nemo-custom.css*

Now in that file, here's what I put:
/* For Places Sidebar diskfull indicators */

NemoPlacesTreeView {
    -NemoPlacesTreeView-disk-full-bg-color: #d9d9d9;
    -NemoPlacesTreeView-disk-full-fg-color: #4a90d9 ;
    -NemoPlacesTreeView-disk-full-bar-width: 2px;
    -NemoPlacesTreeView-disk-full-bar-radius: 1px;
    -NemoPlacesTreeView-disk-full-bottom-padding: 1px;
    -NemoPlacesTreeView-disk-full-max-length: 70px;
}

NemoPlacesTreeView:selected {
    -NemoPlacesTreeView-disk-full-bg-color: #d9d9d9;
    -NemoPlacesTreeView-disk-full-fg-color: shade(#4a90d9,0.5) ;
}

Save and exit your editor. You can now drop root privileges, too, and/or exit your terminal shell.
Now select Adwaita-custom as the GTK+ theme in the tweak tool ("Advanced Settings") app.
Here's mine now:

PS. Big thanks to Roman Raguet for the comment which linked to the original nemo css.
PPS. Oh, in my screenshot, you like my small titlebar eh? Yeah, nice. Here's how.


Having a problem with Vmware resolution in ubuntu(4k)

Vmware Workstation 15, Ubuntu 18.10 Desktop guest.

VM -> Settings -> Display -> Monitors

Specify Monitor Settings; Set resolution to 3840x2160

VM -> Settings -> Display -> Display Scaling

Uncheck Stretch Mode


In the synaptic package manager, I did a complete removal of texstudio and re-installed the software, it seems the software was updated to 2.11.2. Although I still have the error when I do sudo apt-get update, it gives the following error

W: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/blahota/texstudio/ubuntu xenial Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
W: http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/jsundermeyer/xUbuntu_14.04/Release.gpg: Signature by key BCFF88CB8BD5D98263D861BA21BD0C6DEA279317 uses weak digest algorithm (SHA1)
E: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/blahota/texstudio/ubuntu/dists/xenial/main/source/Sources  404  Not Found
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

My guess is that the package was removed from the server. But anyway, the updated version works fine for now, thanks to anyone who intended to help!


Segmentation fault while running apt-get update

The mistake was in sources.list  I had duplicate source lists. So it was trying to read them again and again and failing to fork. I rebooted my machine. Deleted the duplicate sources. Its working all fine and good


The col command is provided by the bsdmainutils package, so:

sudo apt-get install bsdmainutils

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/natty/man1/col.1.html
http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/gutsy/man1/col.1.html


How do I get Thunderbird to always show embedded images?

well you can do that . open your thunderbird and then directed to Tools > Options > Advanced > and click the Config Editor button as

Then in the search box type as mailnews.message_display.disable_remote_image and it will list as follows

There change the value as False to true.

Then your issue will be solved.
credit


I'm trying to install Ubuntu on my 32-bit Windows 7(ACER)

Redownload the file and try again. Use the same method as last time to get the file on the USB. If it doesn't work, try a lower version of the linux distro your using.

The file your downloading may be corrupted, so try a different version or a different download location, if the above doesn't work.


Can a standard 16.04 user ever make su commands?

If you don't mind using the command line then it is easy. For example, let's say you have the users Jane and Jim on your computer. Jane has sudo rights, and Jim has not. You are currently logged in as Jim, using the desktop environment.

Open a terminal and type :

su - jane
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install some-program another-program
exit


No WiFi networks listed; Ubuntu 20.04; Broadcom BCM4360

In Jan 2021 my network stopped on a MacBook Air 2015 after an Ubuntu 20.04 update.
This a summary of how I got it working again:
Enable the use of proprietary drivers. For example in 'Software & Updates / Ubuntu Software'
sudo update
sudo apt-get remove --purge  bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt install --reinstall broadcom-sta-dkms
Reboot you computer


Is there a Printer Driver for a Fuji Xerox Docu Print CM205B Laser Printer?

Please ask only one question per thread. When it comes to print drivers, I found this: The official site has both Windows and Mac drivers. Ubuntu uses the same printing system as Mac OSX, so you should be fine.

I guess you should be able to just plug in the printer, possibly do an "Add printer", and select it from the list. If you have trouble, you can try to figure out how to install the Mac drivers, or since it's a laser printer, you can likely use one of the generic PostScript drivers.

I'm looking for more specific info, but the Linux Printing website seems to be having trouble at the moment. I'll update this answer with more info as I find it.


How to move files leaving symlinks behind?

Process the files individually, e.g.,

cd $original_directory
for i in <files to process> ; do
    mv ./$i $new_directory/
    ln -s $new_directory/$i ./$i
done

or, if copying, replace the mv command line with

    cp ./$i $new_directory/
    rm ./$i


How to change a keyboard layout to Dvorak that assumes that the keyboard layout is QWERTY?

Method 1: using a text editor

Open the file /etc/default/keyboard as root. For example, you can run sudo nano /etc/default/keyboard
Change the line XKBMODEL="pc105" with your keyboard model (full list is here, starting from line 2).
Change the line XKBLAYOUT="en" with your layout (presummably "bd". See the full list above, starting from line 189).
Change the line XKBVARIANT="" with your variant (See the full list above, starting from line 284).
Save the file (Ctrl+X and press Y).
Restart the keyboard config with sudo service keyboard-setup restart

Method 2: using keyboard-configuration tool.

Install with sudo apt-get install keyboard-configuration (you might have it installed already)
Run the configuration program, by typing sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration
Follow instructions to select the model of your keyboard, the layout, the variant, etc.
Restart the keyboard config with sudo service keyboard-setup restart

Source: adapted from here.


I guess that is most likely due to low processing power/RAM on your machine. Can you please give specifications of your device? Check the system requirements on the official website and let me know. If it still persists then I would suggest that you reinstall your O.S. and that should fix your problem. Or you can wait for the next update which is much more convenient in my regard.
Edit:    You can install another file explorer from software center or getdeb. If even that doesn't work then re installing or updating might be the only option.


How can we resume the script from where it left off after resume in Linux Ubuntu? Is anyway we can make use of rc.local?

I don't know, how to do it using rc.local, but maybe you will be satisfied with systemd way:

Create the new systemd service:

sudo vim.tiny /etc/systemd/system/startscript.service

You could nano instead of vim.tiny or other editor you like
Paste the next to it:

[Unit]
Description=Start script after resume
After=suspend.target

[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/full/path/to/the/script.sh

[Install]
WantedBy=suspend.target

Enable and start the service:

sudo systemctl enable startscript && sudo systemctl start startscript


It probably that you need to trick apt to reinstall the library even though its already installed.  This should force the correct symlinks such as you have reported to be recreated corrected.

Take for example this:

dad@dad-VirtualBox:~$ sudo apt-get install librhythmbox-core7
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
librhythmbox-core7 is already the newest version.
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
  cmake-data
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove it.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

As you can see, a simple install of the package librhythmbox-core7 will not work.

dad@dad-VirtualBox:~$ sudo apt-get --reinstall install librhythmbox-core7
[sudo] password for dad:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
  cmake-data
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove it.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/457 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
(Reading database ... 195782 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to replace librhythmbox-core7 2.99.1-0ubuntu1 (using .../librhythmbox-core7_2.99.1-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb) ...
Unpacking replacement librhythmbox-core7 ...
Setting up librhythmbox-core7 (2.99.1-0ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin ...
dad@dad-VirtualBox:~$

By using sudo apt-get --reinstall install librhythmbox-core7, apt will go a fetch a new copy and install the library.

In a similar manner you can also force a download and reinstallation of all the core rhythmbox packages:

sudo apt-get --reinstall install gir1.2-rb-3.0 librhythmbox-core7 rhythmbox rhythmbox-data rhythmbox-mozilla rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder rhythmbox-plugin-zeitgeist rhythmbox-plugins


It is possible if you are a programmer and can patch the Unity Compiz plugin to achieve it. Otherwise, there is no existing solution that can provide that feature.

Apparently though, the Super-w Spread Mode in Ubuntu 12.04 will support selecting displayed Windows by number (eg '1' for the left-most window, '2' for the next window to the right, etc).


HP 15-r212nl Ubuntu 14.04 bluetooth don't find device

sudo apt-get install git build-essential linux-headers-generic
git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new.git
cd rtlwifi_new
make
sudo make install
cd ~
git clone -b troy https://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8723au_bt.git
cd rtl8723au_bt-troy
make
sudo make install

Reboot

If updates install a new kernel, your bluetooth may fail if the new kernel doesn't support your device yet.  When that happens
cd rtlwifi_new
make clean
make
sudo make install
cd ~/rtl8723au_bt-troy
make clean
make
sudo make install

Then reboot


Will the MacBook Pro Early 2011 work better with Ubuntu than the Air Late 2010?

Check the hardware against the Canonical component catalog. That might help you out.


Can't install anything. Error "unmet dependencies"

Check for correct repos for your version of Ubuntu in /etc/apt/sources.list then run:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade


For all files in folder with string in name, add value in cell (2,9) to the end of file name

You need to capture the value and construct the new filename with it.

find output/ -name "*$varname*.txt" -type f -exec sh -c '
    for file; do
        value=$(awk "NR==2 {print \$9; exit}" "$file")
        echo mv "$file" "${file%.*}$value.${file##*.}"
    done
' sh {} +

I'm calling a shell script in the -exec directive, passing several filenames to it (with -exec ... + instead of -exec ... \;)

The trailing "sh" becomes $0, and the filenames go into $1, $2, etc


Before you start make sure you know what you are doing

Type the following command dmesg | grep Corsair
You should see something similar to the picture below

The number you are looking for is the one in the location of the circle


Problem was that package playonlinux has dependencies those have its own dependencies. So add the not going to be installed packages to the main installation list.

sudo apt-get install playonlinux python-wxgtk2.8 mesa-utils primus-libs


Bricked USB Thumb Drive - Can it be revived?

Please try to find your USB drive with "lsusb", if found,
You may try to use dd command to make it nullified "dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/xxx bs=8M", change XXX with your USB thumb drive ID as found by "lsusb" command.
Try gparted to find it and reformat it with your preferred file system.

Ref: https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=148756

Finally, if Windows can handle it, let it do so.

Hope it helps!!


Why is it that when I maximize a window the screen becomes white?

290.10 driver release notes

  Fixed a regression that caused blank/white windows when exhausting video memory on GeForce 6 and 7 series GPUs while using composited desktops.

This is a bug that was solved with the latest version of the driver, I am assuming you installed it from the Additional Drivers tool in Ubuntu.

It happens only when using Unity3D, Unity2D should not have this issue.

To solve this you only need to upgrade to the latest driver from nVidia. De-activate the current driver before downloading and installing the new one from the site.

As an alternative you can also add the X Ubuntu Team PPA and install the nvidia-graphics-drivers package after de-activating the one you are using now.

If you need further information on how to install the most recent driver please drop a comment or open a new question with it for instructions even tough I am sure there is already a question about this on the AskUbuntu site, so give it a search before you do so.


Re-add the ppa that you downloaded 2.0.1 from, and then use ppa-purge.  More info can be found here:

What is the converse of add-apt-repository?