After upgrading GRUB, cannot boot Windows from rEFInd

It looks like you've got a BIOS-mode version of GRUB installed to your hard disk's MBR, and it's getting confused about how to boot Windows. Your /sys/firmware directory's contents indicate that you've booted Ubuntu in EFI mode, so I'm guessing you're booting your Ubuntu kernels directly from rEFInd, thus bypassing GRUB. In other words, GRUB is useless to you. Unfortunately, completely removing GRUB is tricky, since Ubuntu will try to add it back. You can probably minimize the damage it can do by switching to an EFI version of GRUB, though:

sudo apt-get install grub-efi

This should cause the BIOS version of GRUB to be uninstalled, so subsequent updates shouldn't cause more grief; but you may end up with an extra GRUB boot option in rEFInd's menu. Installing the EFI-mode GRUB alone will not solve your problem, though. For that, you'll need to use a Windows recovery disk to re-install the Windows BIOS-mode boot loader. You may be able to use your Windows installation medium for this. If not, repair disc images are available from Microsoft. Unfortunately, I have neither direct download links nor explicit instructions of what you must do to fix this; but doing a Web search on re-installing the Windows boot loader should turn up some options.

With any luck, this will get you booting, but you may have extra options in the rEFInd menu. You can hide these by using the dont_scan_volumes, dont_scan_dirs, and/or dont_scan_files options in refind.conf. Read their descriptions in the configuration file itself for information on how to use them. You'll have to pay attention to the item descriptions presented in rEFInd when you highlight an option to figure out what to pass as options to the dont_scan_* tokens.


Ubuntu 20.04 - how to set lower SSL security level?

You don't have your config changes quite right. You need to add this to the beginning of your config file:
openssl_conf = default_conf

And then this to the end:
[ default_conf ]

ssl_conf = ssl_sect

[ssl_sect]

system_default = system_default_sect

[system_default_sect]
MinProtocol = TLSv1.2
CipherString = DEFAULT:@SECLEVEL=1

Note that if you prefer you can make changes to a local copy of the config file, and then ensure your process is started with the environment variable OPENSSL_CONF defined to point at the location of your config file:
export OPENSSL_CONF=/path/to/my/openssl.cnf

This way you can make changes without having to impact your entire system.
Note: To find the system's openssl.cnf file, run the following:
% openssl version -d

the run ls -l on the directory outputted to see where the openssl.cnf file is via its symlink in that directory as needed.


Well i configured playonlinux by "Install Components", then select gdiplus
The program gives a crisp output(as desired and better than the native version) with text for both "pdf" and "svg"(Export only, absent in print dialog but a minor price).


I found the answer. Apparently I need to run

sudo apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev libssl-dev


os-prober doesn't find Arch Linux until I manually mount Arch Linux partition

This is more of a workaround than a real solution, but if you add your arch partition to /etc/fstab, it will always be mounted, so the updates won't mess it up.


Why isn't Skype showing up in the systray after upgrading to 11.10?

I have experienced this problem on my laptop, and my solution was to simply reinstall Skype (i386) from the Ubuntu Software Center.


16.04 - How To Purge Intel Default Drivers & Reinstall Intel Graphic Drivers

I had a similar issue, and this worked for me:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-core
sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg

Followed by a reboot. Was having many irritating graphics crashes before, none since. It oddly didn't make Ubuntu recognise the device, but at least I'm not getting crashes now.

Adapted from original solution here.


Ubuntu 19.10 keeps stuck on loading screen

After trying some solutions provided on this question, the one that finally worked was just removing plymouth:
sudo apt remove plymouth
Now it doesen't show a loading screen at all when booting, but I've rebootet several times and it did not get stuck a single time.
I still kept Wayland disabled like heynnema suggested.


Why I'm getting the installation menu again after installing?

You have to eject the cd and reboot the system. But everything is normal.


Synaptic is not what Windows' Add/Remove Programs or Uninstall a program control panel is!

It shows you software packages that are available to install and also the packages that are already installed on your system.

If you want to see only what is installed on your system, click the Status button and select Installed.


18.04 keeps going into airplane mode and I need to reboot the computer

So I had this issue and figured the problem was with the hardware.
I ordered an inexpensive, and small (best value) wireless adapter 802.11ac
Ubuntu 18 (19 and 20) didn't come with support out of the box for it and I tried several versions of drivers that claimed to support it. I followed a GitHub fork chain until I found one that worked. Here's my saved repo for it. Follow the instructions verbatim for the make file (while you still have an internet connection)
https://github.com/Tclack88/rtl8822bu
EDIT: Instructions held therein:
git clone https://github.com/Tclack88/rtl8822bu.git
cd rtl8822bu

Now with the device plugged in, compile and install firmware files:
make
sudo make install

to allow for rebuilds/installs when/if your kernel updates, use DKMS:
sudo apt-get install build-essential dkms

then install the module with dkms in the source directory:
sudo dkms add .
sudo dkms install -m 88x2bu -v 1.1

If this doesn't work for you and you decide to move onto different instructions but  want to declutter the junk, uninstall as follows:
sudo dkms remove -m 88x2bu -v 1.1 --all
sudo rm -rf /usr/src/88x2bu-1.1


What does "The update information is outdated...." mean and how can I solve it?

Ubuntu 16.04 and later
wget -O ~/adobe.deb ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/reader/unix/9.x/9.5.5/enu/AdbeRdr9.5.5-1_i386linux_enu.deb
sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libxml2:i386 libcanberra-gtk-module:i386 gtk2-engines-murrine:i386 libatk-adaptor:i386
sudo dpkg -i ~/adobe.deb

You mistakenly added the software source for precise (Ubuntu 12.04), but you are using Ubuntu 14.10 utopic. The correct commands to install Adobe Acrobat Reader in Ubuntu 14.10 are as follows:
sudo add-apt-repository -r "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ precise partner" # remove precise repo
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ utopic partner"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install acroread

Since you are a new Linux user I will add some advice. You probably don't need to install Adobe Reader, and you would be better off trying the built-in Document Viewer application, which works perfectly well as a PDF reader in Ubuntu, before you install a bloatware application like Adobe Reader.


There are a couple potential issues you're running into. I am confident that the filesystem you chose to install to has nothing to do with it not appearing in your UEFI though.

1) Your ESP (the partition your EFI boot entry is installed to) is not present on the USB stick itself (EFI partitions can be placed on any device on the system that supports boot, from USB to SD to SSD/HDD, and more.). If this is the case, you'll need to attempt to reinstall your boot loader/config and make the proper partition adjustments.

2) Your ESP was not properly created (this can mean partition type OR failed bootloader install), and thus your system's UEFI is unable to find the entry to boot.

3) You booted the live image in legacy mode and installed to the USB with these settings, and the hardware is unaware of the OS installed there, or either legacy or UEFI modes are not being displayed under the USB boot options.

--
To clarify on my point about filesystems, it is not the machine's job to support the filesystem, but rather that of the operating system's. Ext4 is the general standard for Linux, but even BTRFS, XFS, and more would be functional options. The hardware is pretty much unaware of these concepts in particular. The only filesystem that matters is the one your boot partition (for EFI), which would need to fall into a few particular standards, being FAT32 ("EFI System Partition" as it's called by the Ubuntu installer) or NTFS (though this is usually only relevant for Windows.)


How to make Glade load translations from /opt

I've found a solution: use the locale Python module instead of gettext

import locale
from locale import gettext as _
locale.bindtextdomain('qreator', '/opt/extras.ubuntu.com/qreator/share/locale/')
locale.textdomain('qreator')

Thanks to Juha Sahakangas on the #gtk+ IRC channel for providing the explanation:

  For this particular case the locale module needs to be used
  instead of gettext. Python's gettext module is pure python, it
  doesn't actually set the text domain in a way that the C library can
  read, but locale does (by calling libc). So long as that's done,
  GtkBuilder already works the way you're asking it to.


Until Ubuntu Brainstorm Idea #17526 becomes a reality, it seems there is no way for non-NVIDIA users to change the primary display (not just move the panels) without resorting to the command line.

Edit 2014-05-30: That answer is a little outdated now. Ubuntu Brainstorm no longer exists. And other answers to this question have better solutions, both for Ubuntu, and other distros.

In MATE, "Preferences > Monitors" has a "Make Default" button. That's what you're looking for.

In GNOME 3, "Settings > Display" doesn't have a "Make Default" button. Instead it has a toolbar-looking bar at the top of one of the displays. Drag that to the display that you want to be primary.

I believe Unity is similar to GNOME 3, but the toolbar is on the side -- I don't know for sure though; I'm not running Unity myself.

In KDE, under "System Settings > Display and Monitor" there is a star on each display that you can click to set which is primary.

Edit 2015-02-25: It's heart-warming to know that Linux desktop environments are progressing.

Ubuntu GNOME 14.10 features GNOME 3.12. Open Displays, and choose the secondary display. A list on the left lets you set the display to "Primary", "Secondary Display" (selected), "Mirror", or "Turn Off".

Unity no longer has an equivalent of primary desktop. You can set "Launcher placement" to either of your displays, or all displays.

Ubuntu MATE and Kubuntu are unchanged.


In case someone finds this useful, I debugged my /var/lib/dpkg/info/keyboard-configuration.postinst and found out the plymouth --ping command was the problem. I had installed ubuntu-gnome and I suspect that had something to do with plymouth not working properly.

Anyway, I've edited the postinst script to skip the plymouth part and fall back to using setupcon. Then I ran dpkg --configure -a which completed successfully. Next, some cleanup:

sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get autoremove

Then Software Updater for some addditional updates.


Ubuntu Software Centre is gone! How can I get it back?

I hope apt-get is still installed. Open terminal Ctrl+Alt+T and run this command :

sudo apt-get install software-center

In case Synaptic Package Manager is still running Search for Ubuntu Software Center and install it from there.

I think this post will let you learn how to uninstall/install software center.


It's a DBUS service.

root@user-VirtualBox:~# grep -ir accounts-daemon /usr /etc
Binary file /usr/lib/accountsservice/accounts-daemon matches
/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.Accounts.service:Exec=/usr/lib/accountsservice/accounts-daemon

Another way:

root@user-VirtualBox:~# dpkg -S /usr/lib/accountsservice/accounts-daemon
accountsservice: /usr/lib/accountsservice/accounts-daemon

root@user-VirtualBox:~# dpkg -L accountsservice
/.
/usr
/usr/share
/usr/share/dbus-1
/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services
/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.Accounts.service
/usr/share/dbus-1/interfaces
/usr/share/dbus-1/interfaces/org.freedesktop.Accounts.xml
/usr/share/dbus-1/interfaces/org.freedesktop.Accounts.User.xml
...

To disable it, rename DBUS service file:

sudo mv /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.Accounts.service /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.Accounts.service.disabled


It is used to restrict the rate of matches, such as for suppressing log messages. It will only match a given number of times per second (by default 3 matches per hour, with a burst of 5). It takes two optional arguments:

--limit

followed by a number; specifies the maximum average number of matches to allow per second. The number can specify units explicitly, using `/second', `/minute', `/hour' or `/day', or parts of them (so `5/second' is the same as `5/s').

--limit-burst

followed by a number, indicating the maximum burst before the above limit kicks in.

This may help you more, http://www.netfilter.org/documentation/HOWTO/packet-filtering-HOWTO-7.html


I found the answer I've used key combination Alt+Super+S.This has cause Screen reader to turn on  .I've to turn it off by pressing Alt+Super+S again as it was not Turn on visually in System Settings-->Universal Access-->Seeing-->Screen reader


How can I extend a hard disk in Ubuntu logical volume

Suppose there is one LVM partition (except from /boot and maybe EFI), depending on the configuration of your virtual disk. As you choose LVM, you may proceed as follows:

Start gparted in the virtual machine, select the system disk, and create a new partition in the free space with type 'LVM'. You could also do this from the commandline with fdiskor gdisk, ifyou are used to. Remember the name of the newly created partition. For now say it's /dev/sda4.

Next, from commandline execute:

sudo pvcreate /dev/sda4  # to make the partition available for LVM

Now find out the name of your LVM volume group:

sudo vgdisplay

Remember the name of the volume group (say it is vg0). Then execute

sudo vgextend vg0 /dev/sda4

Again, find out the name of your logical volume

sudo lvdisplay

Say the volume's name is vg0-root. Then

sudo lvresize -r -l 100%VG vg0-root

should increase the logical volume vg0-rootto the possible maximum (option -l 100%VG) and resize the filesystem as well (option -r). The online resize of the (mounted) filesystem depends on your kernel; current kernels with ext2/3/4 filesystem support expansion of mounted filesystems.

An other solution would be to extend the partition itself with gparted, then use pvresize (see here, but for that you would have to boot Live Ubuntu from a CD or ISO, as you cannot increase a mounted partition through gparted.

If you could post some more information to your question (output of df, fdisk -l, pvdisplay, vgdisplay and lvdisplay), I could give you additional hints and correct my answer to fit your configuration.


How to remove "Open in terminal" option in right click

Just use the command apt-get --purge remove nautilus-open-terminal with sudo

sudo apt-get --purge remove nautilus-open-terminal

This is because some commands require administrative privileges to run, and sudo can give you that. Just be careful that you know what the command is for, when you're using sudo along with it.


Without installing anything else, the easiest way is to have it print a dot for every file that is extracted or processed using awk.

unzip -o source.zip -d /destDirectory | awk 'BEGIN {ORS=" "} {print "."}'

If it is a large zip file, then you can elect to print a dot for every 10th or 20th file like this:

unzip -o source.zip -d /destDirectory | awk 'BEGIN {ORS=" "} {if(NR%10==0)print "."}'

Just change the "10" in the NR%10 piece to whatever increment you want.

Alternately, you can install the pv command, which doesn't work really well with unzip, but gives a one liner view that is not totally terrible.

Install pv:

sudo apt install pv

Unzip with pv:

unzip -o source.zip -d /destDirectory | pv -l >/dev/null

This shows output that looks like this:

28.2k 0:00:03 [9.36k/s] [        <=>                       ]

Because of the way that zip files are processed though, it will not show a progress bar in a meaningful way like we would wish.


No Bluetooth adapter found on ubuntu 13.04

Don't have a lot of experience  with bluetooth but I would try to make sure all my software is installed. This wiki suggest

sudo apt-get install bluez python-gobject python-dbus

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BluetoothSetup

sudo apt-get install \
bluetooth blueman \
bluez-hcidump bluewho python-bluez  bluez-tools \
brcm-patchram-plus-nexus7

Is suggested by this another askubuntu post

Bluetooth not working in Ubuntu 13.04

If the software doesn't fix it you may want to try one of the other solutions in that forum or consult the wiki.


(K)Ubuntu 16.04 can't install mysql server unmet dependencies

The answer is in the comments, but I think It is worth to post it there.

I downloaded mysql-apt-config_0.7.2-1_all.deb (MySQL APT repository - dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/apt) from dev.mysql.com and during config I have chosen Ubuntu Wily since 16.04 was not on the list. And that was the problem, Xenial already has MySQL 5.7 in its official repositories.

I fixed it by running sudo apt-get purge mysql-apt-config and then sudo apt install mysql-server.

I want to point that You should thank fkraiem, not me.


How to make a respawning Hadoop Upstart job?

The code below shows the upstart service configuration file /etc/init/nodemanager.conf. You execute the yarn-daemon.sh start nodemanager script as pre-start hook, and yarn-daemon.sh stop nodemanager as post-stop hook. This starts the actual nodemanager instance.

The script checks if nodemanager is up. If nodemanager is down, the script exits. This signals upstart that the service has gone down and has to be restarted.

description "nodemanager"

start on startup
stop on shutdown

setuid hduser

respawn

# actually start nodemanager
pre-start exec opt/hadoop/current/sbin/yarn-daemon.sh start nodemanager

#
# upstart executes this script. If this script exits, upstart respawns the service
# cannot just excecute *-daemon.sh here, because the actual daemon script excecutes after start
#   and upstart thinks service is stopped so respawns *-daemon.sh constantly.
#
script
  while jps | grep -q NodeManager; do
    sleep 5
  done
end script

post-stop exec /opt/hadoop/current/sbin/yarn-daemon.sh stop nodemanager


F.lux don't work on dual monitors (laptop + external)?

You have to install the package via apt-get and then manually download a modified version of the daemon file "xflux" (this is not the GUI) for your 32bit-System from https://justgetflux.com/linux.html under "xflux daemon (command line, but for X-Windows)".

I shut down the GUI before I did this and when starting it again, it worked.

I found this solution here: https://github.com/Kilian/f.lux-indicator-applet/issues/16


Ubuntu 16.04, how to downgrade perl 5.22 to version 20 system wide

Checking defined on arrays in Perl is not deprecated but forbidden. It was deprecated since Perl 5.6.1 (releases 2001) and triggered a warning since 5.16 (2012).  It now triggers a fatal error instead.

Downgrading the system Perl is a bad idea since there are system tools which depend on it and thus might result in an error if downgraded. But you could install multiple versions of Perl in parallel and then refer to the one you want to use inside your affected cgi-bin scripts. You can use perlbrew for this.


Upgraded to 20.04 and Lost Ethernet Connection

Shortening up this answer:
First, install the dkms driver for the r8168 chipset:
sudo apt install dkms r8168-dkms

Now, unload the current r8169 driver:
sudo rmmod r8169

Blacklist the r8169 driver to keep it from loading in the future:
echo "blacklist r8169" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

Then load the r8168 driver:
sudo modprobe r8168

Then you can check the status of the driver by running both sudo lshw -C network and dkms status.
Example:
terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ sudo lshw -C network
  *-network
       description: Ethernet interface
       product: RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
       vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0
       logical name: eth0
       version: 0c
       serial: 40:8d:5c:4f:12:03
       size: 1Gbit/s
       capacity: 1Gbit/s
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
       configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8168 driverversion=8.048.00 duplex=full ip=10.0.0.100 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=1Gbit/s
       resources: irq:27 ioport:ce00(size=256) memory:fdeff000-fdefffff memory:fddfc000-fddfffff

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ dkms status
nvidia, 460.39, 5.4.0-66-generic, x86_64: installed
nvidia, 460.39, 5.8.0-43-generic, x86_64: installed
nvidia, 460.39, 5.8.0-44-generic, x86_64: installed
r8168, 8.048.00, 5.4.0-66-generic, x86_64: installed
r8168, 8.048.00, 5.8.0-43-generic, x86_64: installed
r8168, 8.048.00, 5.8.0-44-generic, x86_64: installed

Hope this helps!


Confused! Rsync command for making hard-link!

I'm not sure how you got the size listing after you ran rsync, but in case you used du, recall that du doesn't count sizes for hard links twice. From it's man page:

-l, --count-links
          count sizes many times if hard linked

In other words, unless you pass the -l flag, you won't count sizes for hard linked files in both locations.

To try to address your questions:

You're hard linking between www and test. So yes, if you make changes in test, you're going to see them reflected in www. Sounds like you don't want hard links, from your question.
You want to save space, which is fine, but you can't both a) save space and have only one copy of the files, while b) simultaneously having the files in test and www have different content. Just not possible!

If you want to have test and www directories have the same content, but then make changes, you might just run the rsync command, don't use --hard-links and don't use --link-dest.


WebKit does not exist on Linux without it being a "port." There is no version of WebKit which doesn't require some toolkit, and thus has integrated API with that toolkit. You'll need to choose which toolkit package you wish to use, and install the appropriate -dev package for that version of WebKit. Also you can't develop for a single API and have it work with all version of WebKit.


What does Unknown media type in type 'all/all' mean?

it is a bug, see https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/shared-mime-info/+bug/289592

try

sudo rm /usr/share/mime/packages/kde.xml
sudo update-mime-database /usr/share/mime


~30 second delay when waking from suspend - Device 0-0008 failed to resume: error -110

It appears to be a bug.

"I'm experiencing a 50-second hang each time I resume from a "deep" (suspend-to-RAM) sleep.
It happens with the newer kernel (5.3 series; I'm currently running the version from eoan-proposed), but not with the version from the Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS (uname says "5.0.0-31-generic #33~18.04.1-Ubuntu SMP")."

Try this...

sudo -H gedit /etc/modprobe.d/resume.conf or sudo pico /etc/modprobe.d/resume.conf

Add the following line...

blacklist ucsi_ccg

Save the file and quit the editor.

reboot

Try suspend/resume.

Note: this blacklist will disable any USB-C ports on the Nvidia video card

Source: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1850238

Source: Resuming after suspend problem ,Freezing and multible errors on wakeup

Update #1:

Your BIOS is slightly out of date. You have version 1.23, and the current version is 1.27, and can be downloaded from here.


You could try it in bash:

 for i in *.fit; do sextractor "$i"; done


how to stop automatic open of LibOffice with an empty document?

Go to the Dash:

Type Startup Applications
Pick the application you want to remove at Ubuntu startup

This should resolve your problem.


https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Unity/Lenses
What lenses for Unity are available?
http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2011/04/five-neat-unity-lenses-in-development/

It is a graphical interface for a task, it is also linked in with the dash for search results. for example when clicking the application lens it shows the apps in a nice, slick interface , with other results for like app to download and most frequent apps.


Laptop keyboard and trackpad disabled after driver mishap in Ubuntu 16.04

How are the keyboard and trackpad connected to the PC?  If it's USB, there are problematic handoff settings in your BIOS most likely.


As you said its an old computer, this is probably a hardware issue with the reed switch from the lid.

Try disabling the auto suspend when lid is closed.

If it doesn't work, type in a terminal (this will prevent suspend as long as the bash session is still open, giving you time to debug the problem):

sudo systemd-inhibit /bin/bash

And then try to determine what is causing the suspend event using:

dbus-monitor --system

or

udevadm monitor


Install Capybara Webkit 1.15.1 on Ubuntu 18.04

You can install qt-sdk via apt

sudo apt-get install qt-sdk


Why won't scikit-image work for Python3?

pip installs the latest stable versions of Python packages by default. What's wrong with installing the latest stable version with pip install scikit-image instead of cloning it from GitHub? The latest stable version of scikit-image (Image processing routines for SciPy) is 0.14.2.

Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install python3-pip
sudo pip3 install scikit-image

If numpy, scipy, pillow and matplotlib are not already installed the above command will also install those packages as dependencies.

btw You got an error that says NameError: name 'color' is not defined because you forgot to import color from skimage.


Suspend test seems to have killed my Intel NUC

I found some Intel documentation (http://www.intel.com/support/motherboards/desktop/sb/CS-034637.htm) that said that the system: "If you are using an HDMI monitor or HDTV that does not support a resolution of 1024x768, you cannot access the Intel® Visual BIOS Setup when pressing the F2 key."  By booting up a 2nd PC and using it to set the DisplayPort connected monitor to 1024x768 mode and unplugging the HDMI cable to the main display, I could get the system to give me a grub boot menu.  After booting Ubuntu, upon the next reboot, the BIOS screen appeared, and in this case it also displayed three options that weren't being displayed during this problem: options to hit F2, F7, or F10.  I managed to reset the BIOS to defaults and the system now boots again.

I still think that it's pretty shocking that running a system test (in particular, to try to put the system into Suspend mode), could make the system unable to get as far as the BIOS, let alone the boot menu.  A warning of this extreme-failure possibility would have been good on Ubuntu's part, in the system test; on Intel's part, not designing their BIOS so that the system could come close to being bricked like this is what I'd expect from a company that generally has very good Linux contributions and support.  I note that of their NUCs, only three have this bizarre must-be-1024x768 mode problem.  Especially since both monitors supported 1024x768 mode, they just happened to be not in that mode before the attempts to reboot.  Kind of a double fail, by Intel, IMHO.


how to make partitions before installation?

Please see How to Partition. This will detail everything you need to know. It is a complicated topic, so please review the referenced help article to fill the gaps in your knowledge before proceeding. Ask a new question if you have more specific questions.


I want to play mp3 in rythmbox but it says python v2 plugins requires mpeg-1 layer mp3 decoder but i dont have internet on that computer,

This answer will tell you how to install the restricted extras needed to play mp3 files offline https://askubuntu.com/a/45298/71679 this How can I update Ubuntu offline without using Synaptic or Keryx? will give even more information about updating offline

Lastly i have used many usb modems which were made for windows which all worked flawlessly in ubuntu.In fact simply plugging it in ubuntu recognised it and gave prompts to install.did you try?


Can't launch my Ubuntu touch application into my Aquaris e4.5

It was because the .pro of my module wasn't declare properly.
Thank you to Chris Wayne (on google+) to help me to detect the bug.


E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (2)

It looks like that wine package had an invalid format, but dpkg didn't catch it at installation time and wrote some information to the package database that it isn't able to read back now.

Edit the file /var/lib/dpkg/status in a text editor:

sudoedit /var/lib/dpkg/status

Go to line 4794 and change Package: wine1.6:any to Package: wine1.6

Check the directory /var/lib/dpkg/info for files whose name begins with wine1.6:any. If there are any, rename them to remove the :any part. Then dpkg should be happy and you should be able to remove the wine1.6 package.

If there are other packages with that spurious :any, do the same for them. If :any occurs in dependency lines (Depends: … wine1.6:any … or Recommends: … or Suggests: … or Conflicts: …), remove it there too.


Setting up LVM Snapshot as a backup/restore point in ubuntu

The alternative - LVM Snapshots - You can read about LVM snapshots here:
http://www.tutonics.com/2012/12/lvm-guide-part-2-snapshots.html

In short - snapshots are a way of freezing the used sectors on the HardDisk, telling the system to write any change/delete/add on a reserved part of the HardDisk, called a snapshot volume, thus postpone the decision of keeping/discarding the changes on the drive to some future time, as far as the snapshot volume space provides. And so, once you decide to rollback the changes (or keep them), you can do it with one line.

It may seem complex at first, but I can assure you that after the first time effort, all that is needed to use the snapshot mechanism is just 2 line scripts (downloads provided!)

Warranty - No warranty what so ever is given for the instructions below. Use at your own risk!

How?

If you don't have a pre-configured volume group, you will probably need to install a fresh clean Ubuntu. Then, you will have to put some effort into configuring the system correctly for the first time, but from this point on, snapshot will become effortless. And by effortless I mean one liner commands, using pre-configured scripts.

Boot to the ubuntu live cd (no installation yet.. just the live cd)
Open Accessories -> Terminal
We will be clearing the hard drive! Please backup anything important before going through this stage.

First, let's remove the existing partitions:

# fdisk /dev/sda
  Enter 'd' to delete - enter for as many partitions you have
> d
> <enter>
  ...
  Enter 'w' to write down changes
> w

Create the boot partition and the rest of the drive as the other partition

# fdisk /dev/sda
> n
  To create a new partition.
> p
  For Boot Primary partition.
> 1
  Press <enter> to accept the default start sector.
  Enter:
> +512M
  To give the boot partition a size of 512MB
> n
  To create (another) new partition.
> p
  Should be Primary too.
> <enter>
  To accept the default value of 2 (the second partition)
> <enter>
  To accept the default start sector
> <enter>
  To accept the whole disk
> t
  To change the type of the second partition to LVM
> 2
  To choose the second partition
> 8e
  To set the type to 'LVM Linux'
> w
  To write changes and exit.

To check that the changes worked well run:

# fdisk --list

You should get something like this:

  Device     Boot   Start    End        Blocks     Id   System
  /dev/sda1         2048     524287     261120     83   Linux
  /dev/sda2         524288   488397167  243936440  8e   Linux LVM

Remove any previous volume groups / logical volumes:

# lvdisplay

Will display the logical volumes you may have on the system

# lvremove <existing_logical_volume_name>

If any volume install that may interfere with this installation need be removed.

# vgdisplay

Will show any existing volume group on the system

# vgremove <existing_volume_group>

Same as for the volume groups..
Create the Volume Group 'vgsnap'

# vgcreate vgsnap /dev/sda2

Should result with:

  Volume group "vgsnap" successfully created

Create the Logical Volume

# lvcreate --extents 100%FREE --name lvroot vgsnap

The root logical volume, starting with 100% of device.

# lvresize --size -30G /dev/mapper/vgsnap-lvroot

This will take off 30G for swap & snapshot volumes. Of course - you can
choose smaller sizes for the swap/snapshot.

> 'y'
  for the warning shown.

And create the swap volume:

# lvcreate --size 15G --name lvswap vgsnap

Note: we leave now 15G of unused drive space, reserved for the future snapshot.
Installing Ubuntu

Close the terimnal and start the Installer.

Choose "Use LVM..."
(You may also choose to enable whole disk encryption - but I didn't test it..)

Select "Something Else" and press continue.
At this stage you will find allot of /dev/mapper/... volumes defined.
Some of these are auto generated (lvsnap-*) - you can ignore them for now.

Select: /dev/mapper/vgsnap-lvroot volume. Choose "ext4" as format, and mount as '/'

Select: /dev/mapper/vgsnap-lvswap volume, and choose "swap area"

If you are to create an encrypted drive (I have no clue if that would work with the snapshots?), you will probably want to select the /dev/sda2 and mark the "volume for encryption". Didn't test it though..

Note: The unused 15G are left free for the snapshot volume.

Select: /dev/sda1 partition. Format it as 'ext2' and mount it as '/boot'

Below - choose: /dev/sda1 partition as boot

Install!

Using the snapshot

The following steps will show how to use the snapshot at any given time:

Mounting the snapshot:

Create the snapshot volume

# lvcreate --size 15G --snapshot --name lvsnap /dev/mapper/vgsnap-lvroot

Create the mount directory

# mkdir /mnt/vgsnap-lvsnap

Mount the snapshot as read-only mount

# mount -o ro /dev/vgsnap/lvsnap  /mnt/vgsnap-lvsnap

Snapshot is On!

At this point you may start messing up your system, installing beta drivers, and even (No! That's just inappropriate).

From now on you may at any time (as far as the snapshot size provides..) return to previous state, or, if satisfied with the new look - keep it.
Automatic snapshot volume free disk space monitoring:
Using a tweaked version of the script provided here:
http://blog.rimuhosting.com/2012/02/20/cron-script-for-checking-disk-space/
I created monitor_snapshot script.

How to use/install it?  - Pretty much as with the link above:

# cd /etc/cron.hourly
# copy /home/<user>/Downloads/monitor_snapshot
# chmod +x monitor_snapshot

Before running it for the first time you better edit the values in it, such as your email address (where the notifications are to be sent, etc..)
If properly configured, the cron daemon will run the script every X hours/days - as you decide - and notify you once the snapshot is about to be full.

To test the script run:

# sh /etc/cron.hourly/monitor_snapshot

It will print the percentage (number) of free space in the snapshot.

Important! Once you're done with your tests/installations - rollback or keep changes - and Umount the snapshot!
Rolling back changes:
(See rollback_snapshot script, with the following instructions in it, link at the end of document)

# lvconvert --merge /dev/vgsnap/lvsnap

This will also umount the snapshot, but will discard any of your changes.  Also - You will see a warning that suggest that the revert will only occur next activation, so:

# reboot

Note: If you skip merging in, your changes shall be committed once you Umount the snapshot.
Committing changes - umounting the snapshot:
(See commit_snapshot script, with the following instructions in it - link at the end of document)

# umount /mnt/vgsnap-lvsnap
  Will unmount (commit0 the snapshot

# lvremove /dev/mapper/vgsnap-lvsnap
# rm -rf /mnt/vgsnap-lvsnap/

# rm /etc/cron.hourly/monitor_snapshot
  Remove the cron daemon script (that is unused)

Re-mounting the snapshot:
(See remount script, with the following instructions in it - link at the end of document)
Pretty much as before:

# lvcreate --size 15G --snapshot --name lvsnap /dev/mapper/vgsnap-lvroot
# mkdir /mnt/vgsnap-lvsnap
# mount -o ro /dev/vgsnap/lvsnap /mnt/vgsnap-lvsnap

If you saved the monitor_snapshot at your home dir you can restore it back:

# cp /home/<user>/monitor_snapshot /etc/cron.hourly/
# chmod +x /etc/cron.hourly/monitor_snapshot

That's all folks! Following instructions are for quitters only ;)

Discarding the snapshot volume (If no longer required)

# rmdir /mnt/vgsnap-lvsnap
# lvremove /dev/vgsnap/lvsnap

(You might also want to resize the root partition or swap to occupy the  missing 15G reserved for swap)
Discarding the volume group - Possible only by removing the volume group's volumes, which probably means deleting the OS installation. But of course, there's no real need to remove the volume group...

To remove the volume group:

# vgremove vgsnap

Important Note! - formatting / running fdisk and removing all partitions will NOT remove the volumes nor the group, as these are written on a different part of the drive... So, just use the remove instructions given above and remove the volumes and group if required.


Netflix crashes my Ubuntu 14.04 + Chrome

I did reinstall completely the machine, same distro Ubuntu 14.04 with XFCE this time (previous was Unity).

The surprise was that this time the page was loading correctly (even that bubble effect when you have the mouse over a movie poster), but after a few seconds the mouse symbol was freezing. I said mouse symbol, because I could see that the mouse was actually moving (I could still see the highlight while going over a button in XFCE).

I was not really happy with this so I did some more troubleshooting.

The solution, or better said the workaround for me was to disable in Google Chrome the "Use hardware acceleration when available" option from Settings. I don't know why this is messing up with the Netflix interface.

After I disabled this option everything was working fine.

I have an old HP DC7900 which still does the job. Maybe there is some incompatibility with the hardware / kernel version / google chrome...

I hope this will help or at least give you a clue.


Cant properly connect to WiFi on 14.04.4 but Ethernet works fine

Follow the steps in the top rated answer here and paste the results in your question.


Is it possible to install packages from another linux distribution?

No. Generally, packages from other distributions are going to either fail to work or break your system. Apps may work, but libraries will not. I would like to point out that the "libftdi1" package does provide this library, but under a different name, though. All you should do is sudo ln /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libftdi.so.1 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libftdi1.so.2. Note that the "x86_64-linux-gnu" folder may have a different name, though.


The command to decompress tar.gz file is:

tar xzvf filename.tar.gz

Since in your case the original filename and the compressed filename are the same, you can't decompress the file in the same directory you have the compressed file (as it will override it).

Try the following:

make a new dir in /tmp
copy the tar.gz to that directory
change directory to /tmp
decompress the file to /tmp

The commands:

mkdir /tmp/myfolder
cp world.tar.gz /tmp/myfolder

cd /tmp
tar xzvf /tmp/myfolder/world.tar.gz

Note: You can run the file command in order to check if the file is actually a tar.gz file

file filename.tar.gz


block all Torrent traffic via dansguardian

If all you want is to block Torrents, then I suggest that you use UFW.  Its Ubuntu default Firewall.  To make it easier, you can install the UFW GUI, GUFW.  To enable the GUI, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install

Once done, search for firewall in dash, when it opens, click on Unlock, and then click on Edit, and choose Add Rule.

When that window opens, add the rule that matches your situation.  See image below.


Is there a way to open a terminal from xdg-open or nautilus?

If you install nautilus-open-terminal (from Software Center or using apt-get) you can right click and open a terminal from wherever you right click:

You'll need to either log out or restart nautilus with a nautilus -q in order for it to take effect after you install it.


Use NetHogs (package nethogs) to see wich process causes the traffic:

sudo apt-get install nethogs

Run nethogs with:

sudo nethogs


What is http://extras.ubuntu.com/ repository for?

Starting with Ubuntu 10.10, it's set to host new applications that aren't in the repositories at the time of release. The process and implementation are documented on the wiki.


Touchpad change in behaviour after sleep

Ok so I installed an old kernel (4.11.0-14-generic) and it seems to solve the problem.

apt-cache search linux-image-extra
sudo apt-get install linux-image-extra-4.11.0-14-generic

But it's not really a long term solution as the old kernel version isn't protected against Meltdown/Spectre and I will obviously have problems in the future.

Let's hope there is a new kernel version that doesn't bug soon or a patch for Lenovo's touchpad on the new kernel.

If you have an other solution or remark don't hesitate but as for now I consider the problem "solved".


How do I run Oracle VM VirtualBox on Ubuntu 13.04

Why not try to reinstall VMVB and see what happens...

Backup your existing VMs.
Remove the existing installation of VMVB.
Install VMVB again.

Try to check if these steps will fix the problem.

If they don't you can try to reset Unity. In this link, you can find one way to do it.


Why can't I load this website except on Windows?

I'd guess because it's a malformed URI. I suppose windows isn't so careful about what it sends off to the dns. But I'm not at all sure about that!

When i do a manual DNS query, this comes back: http://72.233.54.145/ ("Sorry, 72.233.54.145 was deleted or has moved!") which possibly isn't that helpful. But it's the correct IP for this URI.


Could up-arrow key in terminal is a risk when encrypting using 7z?

space command

  # command
  # press space bar then command

Execute a command without saving it in the history

Prepending one or more spaces to your command won't be saved in history.

Useful for passwords on the commandline.

Tested on BASH.


index.pl getting downloaded instead of executing on Ubuntu 12.04 and Apache 2.2.22

You didn't explain where your index.pl file resides within the file hierarchy, but I'd guess that you have it in your DocumentRoot.

The problem with this is that your DocumentRoot directory traditionally is used to serve static documents. For security reasons, files in the DocumentRoot hierarchy aren't ever processed (ie executed) - and files in the ScriptAlias directory are never served statically.

You need to separate out your executable content (perl, php, sh) from your statically served content (html files, images, css, js) - so that the webserver knows that files in 'this' directory and below don't need to be processed (such as images), and files in that directory do.

To this end:

Create an index.html file with meta headers that redirect to /cgi-bin/index.pl, and put the index.html in the DocumentRoot
Move your index.pl to a directory pointed to by ScriptAlias (with a corresponding Directory section - which has +ExecCGI flag). Ensure the index.pl is executable, and ensure that its shebang line points to a resolvable perl.

The html output of your index.pl can still reference images etc from the root (e.g. put an images folder in your document root folder and reference images from html as /images/logo.png) , and scripts can be linked to (via form submission or href) from your html content from the script folder (e.g. as /cgi-bin/processform.pl)


can't bootstrap in Landscape OpenStack Autopilot

I've seen anecdotal evidence on the juju mailing list that using juju from the juju stable ppa resolved this issue for at least one person.

Here's the mailing list post


after using dd command my 32 usb goes read only and 29 gb also cannot format it or open

Looks like the drive is mounted somewhere:

  Can't write to /dev/sdb, because it is opened read-only.

Please run

sudo umount /dev/sdb

and try to repartition again.


How do I change a local apps locale in LTSP?

You need to install also

chromium-browser-l10n (Click to install) then you will have all the languages you need :)

Command line:

apt-get -y install chromium-browser-l10n


Is there a way to have presets for your terminal in ubuntu?

Assuming you mean gnome-terminal, from the man page:

--tab-with-profile=PROFILENAME
     Open a tab in the window with the given  profile.  More  than
     one of these options can be provided, to open several tabs .

Which would make a script like ~/bin/cool-terminal:

 #!/bin/sh
 gnome-terminal --tab-with-profile=edit --tab-with-profile=run ...

with some scripts to put in the profiles like

 $ cat ~/bin/editor-tab
 #!/bin/sh
 chdir source_directory
 ...
 exec $SHELL

Not exactly like taking a snapshot, but it can be done.


I've used the Linux Sopcast Player by following the instructions outlined here. It should be OK for you too, depending on your definition of "good". :)


The exact settings are:

client min protocol
client max protocol

Then you should configure your /etc/samba/smb.conf with the following commands on [GLOBAL] section

[GLOBAL]
client min protocol = SMB2
client max protocol = SMB3

after that you should restart smb service as root:

# systemctl restart smb
# systemctl restart nmd

man smb.conf for more details


Are there secret Banshee rewind and fast forward controls?

I found 1 source claiming:
Shift + Left: rewind song by 10 seconds.
Shift + Right: fast-forward song by 10 seconds
But more sources that Banshee does not have shortcuts for those actions (...).  Please try and comment if these do not work and I shall remove this answer.

Changelog Banshee
1.9.4   February 23, 2011

Multimedia-Keys: Support Pause, FastForward, Rewind, Repeat and Shuffle

If it worked after this update someone removed it again (and it does not show in the other changelogs :P )

This seems interesting: https://mail.gnome.org/archives/banshee-list/2012-June/msg00029.html
It states Banshee does NOT have keys for FF and RW but that this person wants it (and believes he can create it). Of course he never replied that he did get it done ;)
Conclusion: Banshee does not have a working rewind of fast forward.


Sync calendar and contacts with Android smartphone

I'm afraid there's no easy solution... Android phones are meant to be used with internet access, and to synchronize with the clouds (basically: with the Google cloud, but you could do it with some other things, like an exchange server or UbuntuOne account).

In any case, synchronizing your phone directly to a local computer is not the way Android works.

Offhand, I think you could make a exchange-like server on your computer (like Zimbra, or Open-Xchange), and make both your Thunderbird and Android sync to it...
I'm not sure it would work, and I actually think it's overkill, but... Honestly, I don't see anything else :-(


Synaptic is a computer program which is a GTK+ graphical user interface front-end to the Advanced Packaging Tool for the Debian package management system. Synaptic is usually used on systems based on deb packages but can also be used on systems based on RPM packages. It can be used to install, remove and upgrade software packages and to add repositories.
Features

Install, remove, upgrade and downgrade single and multiple packages
System-wide upgrade
Package search utility
Manage package repositories
Find packages by name, description and several other attributes
Select packages by status, section, name or a custom filter
Sort packages by name, status, size or version
Browse available online documentation related to a package
Download the latest changelog of a package
Lock packages to the current version
Force the installation of a specific package version
Undo/Redo of selections
Built-in terminal emulator for the package manager

It also has the following features for Debian and Ubuntu only:

Configure packages through the debconf system
Xapian-based fast search
Get screenshots from screenshots.debian.net

Installation
Synaptic is no longer installed by default starting with Ubuntu 11.10.
You can install it by searching in the Ubuntu Software Center for synaptic and clicking on Synaptic Package Manager.
Or, alternatively, open a terminal, and enter:
sudo apt-get install synaptic

You can find more details about how to use it from SynapticHowto or from Website Developer

Sources:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synaptic_(software)
https://darryldias.me/2015/synaptic-on-ubuntu/


Is it possible to update the app indicator from code?

Use g_timeout_add_seconds() from GLib to define a function that is called at regular intervals and in this function check the port and call indicator.set_status(...) is needed.


Connection activation failed (2) Active connection removed before it was initialized

Go to Preferences->Network Connections. Remember all the proper settings of current connection - you will need to rewrite it. Then delete connection and add it again. It worked for me on VirtualBox Lubuntu machine.


Which Ubuntu for Eee 901 - to run from SD card?

Lubuntu is great, WattOS uses about 75MB of ram when completely installed. Installing it uses about 90MB of ram. It's based off Ubuntu too so it's very familiar and fast.


UEFI dual boot Ubuntu 14.04 and Windows 8.1

Installing in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode was a mistake. You can probably overcome it as follows, although you may need to experiment and tweak this procedure a bit:

Download a USB flash drive or CD-R image of my rEFInd boot manager.
Prepare a medium from said image.
Disable BIOS/CSM/legacy support in your firmware.
Disable Secure Boot in your firmware.
Disable "fast startup" in your firmware; and/or ensure that your firmware is set to fully activate your USB devices. (The two are closely related and may be named differently depending on the firmware design.)
Insert the rEFInd disk.
Reboot and enter your firmware's built-in boot manager. This is typically done by hitting Esc or a function key, but details vary greatly from one system to another.
Select the rEFInd disk.
In rEFInd, locate a Linux kernel and hit the Enter key to boot it. It should boot up into Linux. (If you have a separate /boot partition, you'll need to hit F2 or Insert twice rather than Enter to boot, and add a root= pointer to your root filesystem. If you used default installation options this won't be necessary.)
Repair the installation in either of two ways:

Install rEFInd to your hard disk, in any of the ways described on its installation page. The easiest way is via a Debian package or PPA. Once installed, you'll use rEFInd rather than GRUB to boot.
Run the Boot Repair tool. Given the right options, it should replace your BIOS-mode GRUB with an EFI version and everything should begin working. This process involves more of a leap of faith, though; if you got this far, you know that rEFInd is working, but you don't know that whatever Boot Repair does will work.

You can optionally re-enable Secure Boot at this point, although this may require jumping through some new hoops. See my general page on the topic or the rEFInd documentation on Secure Boot.

For future reference, I've written a page on how to install Linux in EFI mode.


Connect home theater to laptop or mobile

Check audio device 'Profiles:' on laptop with:

pactl list cards

This will show Pulseaudio options for stereo or surround sound

Unlikely a laptop will have option for analog surround sound
Many do not have 3 jack sockets to connect to the 3 sockets on speaker for 5.1 surround.

Digital (SPDIF or IEC958) surround sound may be possible through audio jack
Check manual for speakers to see if they support digital input

Digital surround sound may only be possible using HDMI connection not audio jacks


Check if File changed in the last 30 mins on SFTP via Bash

You cannot run expressions like if or find via sftp directly. You would need to use sftp commands and parse the information yourself from their output or use python pysftp to programm it yourself.
However, you can mount the sftp server and run your find locally on the mounted directory:
# Install sshfs on your localcomputer if needed
sudo apt install sshfs

# Mount the directory
mkdir sftpmnt
sudo sshfs -o allow_other -p 60022 user@server:/ sftpmnt/

# List all files changed within the last 30 minutes
find sftpmnt -mmin -30 -printf '%T+\t%p\n'

# Or check if any file changed within the last 30 minutes and do_something
if find sftpmnt -mmin -30 -print -quit | grep -q "." ; then
   echo "Found new or modified file(s)"
   do_something
fi


From what I understand, you want to reinstall Windows Vista, boot your computer won't boot into the DvD.

Power your computer on. When the BIOS screen appears (the first screen to appear during the boot process), press the "Delete" key. This is the most common way to enter the BIOS settings on a computer, though some systems differ. If the Delete key does not access the BIOS setting on your computer, look for different instructions on the screen itself. For example, it may say "Press F10 to enter setup."
Using the arrows on your keyboard, scroll down to "Boot Device Select" and press "Enter."
Change the boot order, moving DVD drive to the first boot device.
Insert the DVD you wish to boot from.
Save your changes and exit BIOS. Look for on-screen instructions on how to save and exit, as this option differs between systems. Exiting BIOS will force your computer to restart. When it does, it will boot from the Vista DVD.


I fixed it, SUBSYSTEM should equal "tty". This way it will map it to the tty file.

However, it is pointing to ttyACM3 instead of ACM0 because this devices makes multiple tty nodes, I will ask this question and link that answer here when it is answered.


Removing multiple patterns from fasta lines

You can use the following perl one-liner:

perl -ne 'if($_=~/^>/){($id,$tax)=$_=~/UniRef90_(\S+).*Tax=(.*)TaxID/; print ">",$id,"_",$tax,"\n";}else{print $_;}' input.fa > output.fa

This will read from input.fa, modify the fasta headers and write to output.fa

Explanation of the command:

perl -ne '                                          #call perl and read the file line-wise
  if($_=~/^>/){                                     #check if the line is a header
    ($id,$tax)=$_=~/UniRef90_(\S+).*Tax=(.*)TaxID/; #extract the ID and the tax string
    print ">",$id,"_",$tax,"\n";}                   #print the new header
  else{                                             #print the sequence (not a header line)
    print $_;}
' input.fa > output.fa


Wired connection is not showing in the menu (ubuntu 14.04)

you have to up your Ethernet port then it will show . press Ctrl Alt T and run command

sudo ifconfig eth0 up

or

sudo ifup eth0

also enable wired connection and  Networking from network manager to get Internet.

if you still face problem then open file /etc/network/interfaces using

sudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

add line

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

then run command

sudo service network-manager restart
sudo ifconfig eth0 up


Problems with libcairo2 when installing intel linux graphics on 64bits

Use Intel Linux Graphics Installer.

This is a utility which will automatically detect and install your drivers.
Click HERE to download.


How to update Node.js to the long term support version on Ubuntu 20.04?

update nodejs to 14.x
 sudo apt update
 curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_14.x | sudo bash -
 sudo apt install -y nodejs
 node -v

you should see: v14.15.0


Quickly application How to call function from other .py files?

When you run:

from magic_ebay.MagicEbayWindow import MagicEbayWindow

You are essentially saying "Please import the MagicEbayWindow symbol from the MagicEbayWindow module in the magic_ebay package".  The error message indicates that your MagicEbayWindow.py module doesn't have such a symbol.

There are a few ways you could fix this:

Just import the module:

from magic_ebay import MagicEbayWindow

You can then access functions within the module as e.g. MagicEbayWindow.foo()
Import individual functions from the module:

from magic_ebay.MagicEbayWindow import foo

With this style, you can call the functions without the module name prefix.


what is the recommended way for installing cuDNN and the likes in ubuntu?

In my experience, I found that using the packaged .deb is the easiest way forward . The zipped versions are used for building from source. This is usually used when you have specific changes to make to the build process (definitely not required for the average user).
Moreover, the build process takes time and is resource heavy.

In addition, some packages are available on the repository such as nvidia-cuda-toolkit. This makes for an easy install.


Conditions and ranges within case statements in bash

You cannot express number ranges easily in the case expressions - the pattern [1000-9999], for example, does not mean the numbers 1000 to 9999, but the characters 1, 0, 0, the range 0-9, the characters 9, 9, 9 - essentially all the digits. [1-85] does not mean the numbers 1 to 85, but the digits from 1 to 8, and 5, ... which are just the digits from 1 to 8. So [1-20]* means anything that begins with 1, 2, or 0 - so even 20000000 will match that. Use if/then/elif/else/fi instead:

if (( $SECURITY_PACKAGES == 0 ))
then
    echo "OK - not bad: There are a total of $TOTAL_PACKAGES packages to upgrade in this server, but none of them are security updates!"
    exit 0
elif (( $SECURITY_PACKAGES <= 20 ))
then
    echo "WARNING - $TOTAL_PACKAGES packages required to upgrade in this server, of which $SECURITY_PACKAGES are security updates"
    exit 1
elif (( $SECURITY_PACKAGES <= 9999 ))
then
    echo "CRITICAL -  $SECURITY_PACKAGES out of $TOTAL_PACKAGES are security     updates! Consider upgrading soon!"
    exit 2
else
    echo "UNKNOWN - I am not sure what's happening now, check later or check server: $TOTAL_PACKAGES to upgrade, $SECURITY_PACKAGES are security updates"
    exit 3
fi


Strange 640 x480 white text on grey background before GRUB2 splash

Well, been working on this all day before posting here and sure enough, 30 minutes after posting the error I think I have solved it.

/etc/default/grub

## PREVENT 640x480 WHITE TEXT ON GREY WHEN BOOTING
GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep

And then of course update-grub

So it looks like grub may be momentarily switching between graphic and text modes and is displaying this screen, but anyway have done 1/2 dozen reboots and the screen does not appear any more, so hopefully it's solved.


First enable the Ubuntu Partner Software

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner"

Then update your software list

sudo apt-get update

You can get a list of installable fonts by searching for packages beginning with fonts- and xfonts-.

apt-cache search fonts | grep '^xfonts-'

Now you can install what you want

sudo apt-get install -y xfonts-...


Do the following, add these to the /home/$USER/.bashrc file:

export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-9.1/bin${PATH:+:${PATH}}

64 bit only -

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-9.1/lib64${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}

32 bit only-

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-9.1/lib${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}

Then for that file do: sudo mkdir /usr/lib/systemd/system && sudo nano /usr/lib/systemd/system/nvidia-persistenced.service, and add:

[Unit]
Description=NVIDIA Persistence Daemon
Wants=syslog.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/nvidia-persistenced/nvidia-persistenced.pid
Restart=always
ExecStart=/usr/bin/nvidia-persistenced --verbose
ExecStopPost=/bin/rm -rf /var/run/nvidia-persistenced

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Then set it up:

sudo systemctl enable nvidia-persistenced

Then following that manual to avoid issues with hotadds comment out this line:

# Memory hotadd request
SUBSYSTEM=="memory", ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/system/memory/memory[0-9]*", TEST=="state", ATTR{state}="online"

in the /lib/udev/rules.d/40-vm-hotadd.rules file by adding a # to that line.

Reload:

sudo udevadm control --reload-rules


Windows machine does not sync it's folders

I had same problem, on my desktop and laptop I have Ubuntu 11.10 and it syncs perfectly between the two.

When I installed Ubuntu One on my Notebook running Windows 7, it started to sync but after 20 seconds or so it stopped, nothing synced and clicking on sync did not appear to work.

So I left it switched on and started searching the forums, didn't get much help but when I looked at Ubuntu One for Windows on the notebook (which I had previously left switched on) it was syncing and synced fine.

All I need to check now is to see if it will update the server each time I make a change on a file in the same way as the 2 Ubuntu machines do on the fly

UPDATE:

It worked fine, all my files have synced between all 3 machines.

Works quicker//better in Ubuntu but no problems in Windows 7, just a little slower to sync


This seens to be Bug #879793. At the time it is discussed in Launchpad. The developer tries to reproduce it and find a solution. It might be good idea to check the report for news and additional information.


@Sebastian
i run dmesg| grep 'SYC ID&IC USB Reader'
And output:
29571.975761] usb 1-2: Product: SYC ID&IC USB Reader
[29571.981465] input: Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-2/1-2:1.0/0003:08FF:0009.0004/input/input29
[29572.040908] hid-generic 0003:08FF:0009.0004: input,hidraw3: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader] on usb-0000:00:14.0-2/input0
[32328.119438] usb 1-2: Product: SYC ID&IC USB Reader
[32328.124927] input: Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-2/1-2:1.0/0003:08FF:0009.0005/input/input30
[32328.183192] hid-generic 0003:08FF:0009.0005: input,hidraw3: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader] on usb-0000:00:14.0-2/input0
[35006.291923] usb 1-1: Product: SYC ID&IC USB Reader
[35006.298447] input: Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0/0003:08FF:0009.0006/input/input31
[35006.357752] hid-generic 0003:08FF:0009.0006: input,hidraw3: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader] on usb-0000:00:14.0-1/input0
[35060.818770] usb 1-1: Product: SYC ID&IC USB Reader
[35060.824270] input: Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0/0003:08FF:0009.0007/input/input32
[35060.884200] hid-generic 0003:08FF:0009.0007: input,hidraw3: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader] on usb-0000:00:14.0-1/input0
[35189.648009] usb 1-1: Product: SYC ID&IC USB Reader
[35189.653450] input: Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0/0003:08FF:0009.0008/input/input33
[35189.713423] hid-generic 0003:08FF:0009.0008: input,hidraw3: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader] on usb-0000:00:14.0-1/input0
[37902.519864] usb 1-1: Product: SYC ID&IC USB Reader
[37902.525201] input: Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0/0003:08FF:0009.0009/input/input34
[37902.584880] hid-generic 0003:08FF:0009.0009: input,hidraw3: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader] on usb-0000:00:14.0-1/input0
[42394.829746] usb 1-2: Product: SYC ID&IC USB Reader
[42394.835174] input: Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-2/1-2:1.0/0003:08FF:0009.000A/input/input35
[42394.898900] hid-generic 0003:08FF:0009.000A: input,hidraw3: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader] on usb-0000:00:14.0-2/input0
[42890.538133] usb 1-1: Product: SYC ID&IC USB Reader
[42890.543712] input: Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0/0003:08FF:0009.000B/input/input36
[42890.607224] hid-generic 0003:08FF:0009.000B: input,hidraw3: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader] on usb-0000:00:14.0-1/input0
[43571.255468] usb 1-2: Product: SYC ID&IC USB Reader
[43571.260810] input: Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-2/1-2:1.0/0003:08FF:0009.000C/input/input37
[43571.320611] hid-generic 0003:08FF:0009.000C: input,hidraw3: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader] on usb-0000:00:14.0-2/input0
[45054.812926] usb 1-2: Product: SYC ID&IC USB Reader
[45054.818268] input: Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-2/1-2:1.0/0003:08FF:0009.000D/input/input38
[45054.882301] hid-generic 0003:08FF:0009.000D: input,hidraw3: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader] on usb-0000:00:14.0-2/input0

@JayEye
Cannot open /dev/bus/usb/001/009

I found is /015 ( depens if i replug or so )
lsusb -v -D /dev/bus/usb/001/015
Device: ID 08ff:0009 AuthenTec, Inc.
Couldn't open device, some information will be missing
Device Descriptor:
  bLength                18
  bDescriptorType         1
  bcdUSB               1.10
  bDeviceClass            0
  bDeviceSubClass         0
  bDeviceProtocol         0
  bMaxPacketSize0         8
  idVendor           0x08ff AuthenTec, Inc.
  idProduct          0x0009
  bcdDevice            0.08
  iManufacturer           1
  iProduct                2
  iSerial                 3
  bNumConfigurations      1
  Configuration Descriptor:
    bLength                 9
    bDescriptorType         2
    wTotalLength       0x0022
    bNumInterfaces          1
    bConfigurationValue     1
    iConfiguration          0
    bmAttributes         0xa0
      (Bus Powered)
      Remote Wakeup
    MaxPower              100mA
    Interface Descriptor:
      bLength                 9
      bDescriptorType         4
      bInterfaceNumber        0
      bAlternateSetting       0
      bNumEndpoints           1
      bInterfaceClass         3 Human Interface Device
      bInterfaceSubClass      1 Boot Interface Subclass
      bInterfaceProtocol      1 Keyboard
      iInterface              4
        HID Device Descriptor:
          bLength                 9
          bDescriptorType        33
          bcdHID               1.10
          bCountryCode           33 US
          bNumDescriptors         1
          bDescriptorType        34 Report
          wDescriptorLength      65
         Report Descriptors:
           ** UNAVAILABLE **
      Endpoint Descriptor:
        bLength                 7
        bDescriptorType         5
        bEndpointAddress     0x81  EP 1 IN
        bmAttributes            3
          Transfer Type            Interrupt
          Synch Type               None
          Usage Type               Data
        wMaxPacketSize     0x0008  1x 8 bytes
        bInterval              10

When I do it withut sudo says the original problem.
When with sudo i got popup:
Serial port not set. Please set the serial port in the preferences or use the -p argument and restart rfdump.

Also in preference, I have an opion in the Serial Port field: /dev/ttyUSB0
When exit sudo runned i got terminal info:
could not load preferences /root/.config/rfdump.ini : No such file or directory
using /usr/share/rfdump/rfdump.glade

So im confused in many ways =)


Error: Python packaging tool 'pip' not found

Please check if you have pip installed.

which pip

might already help - or check dpkg via

dpkg -l | grep pip

Both methods should tell you if you have pip installed or not.

If it isn't installed so far, install it via:

sudo apt install python-pip


If you can couple a keyboard to it, you should realize that pressing the alt key and then dragging the window will actually relocate the the window even beyond the borders of the screen. Which means that you should be able to push the "displays" window upwards so that the slider comes on the screen. Then you can adjust it back to normal. Kudos to using Ubuntu on MS-surface pro.


Windows computers can only print test pages to shared Ubuntu printer

In Linux stop sharing the printer through Samba.

Share it through CUPS instead: go to http://localhost:631/ and there will be spoe "Share printers" checkbox.

On Windows add a Network printer, and don't search for it; add manually this address:

http://servername_or_IP:631/printers/printer_name

printer_name is the name shown in the CUPS Web interface for your printer.

You will be prompted to choose the proper model and a driver will be installed. That's it.

Unlike Samba, advanced feature also work now.


This seems to have fixed my problem:

sudo apt-get install libvdpau1 libvdpau-va-gl1

then put this in your ~/.bashrc file

export VDPAU_DRIVER=va_gl

you can test with:

sudo apt-get install vpdauinfo
vdpauinfo


How to give execute permissions to an external hard drive

The command

lsblk -f

will list all the disks (even when not mounted). Check with that what filesystem the external disk is using if you are unsure.

If the disk is formatted with a NTFS the preferred method is to do this with a udev rule. Create a file in /etc/udev/ (with sudo) and call it something like 90-usb-disks.rules or 99-usb-disks.rules. (ie. sudo vi /etc/udev/90-usb-disks.rules)

Put ENV{ID_FS_TYPE}=="ntfs", ENV{ID_FS_TYPE}="ntfs-3g" into it and save the file.

Unplug the USB, insert it again and it should auto-mount with the disk fully open. (automount sets permissions at  600 by default; this method makes it set it as 777).

There are more methods, like adding it to /etc/fstab but who wants to add a new line each time another USB disk is inserted?


Is there a way to left-click links in gnome-terminal or am I out of luck?

There doesn't appear to be. If you really wanted that, then you would probably have to patch it as you said.

A helpful way of thinking about it is to open links sort of as a mouse gesture: Since Open Link is the first item on the right-click menu, a quick, small swipe to the bottom-right will open it with one click.

There's some activity on this on these bugs, however:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/gnome-terminal/+bug/507109
https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=540023


How do i see which softwares are installed in ubuntu?

open Ubuntu software center and click at Installed applications.


If you make a ~/bin folder in your home folder, it'll already be in your default path. No need to modify anything, or add folders to a hidden .local folder. Create the ~/bin folder, log out, log back in, and open a terminal window, and you can confirm the path by typing echo $PATH.

Update #1:

If you decide to use ~/.local/bin anyway, add this to the end of your ~/.profile...

# set PATH so it includes user's private ~/.local/bin if it exists
if [ -d "$HOME/.local/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
fi

Then log out, log back in, and your new path will be available.


Using the Themes in the Repository (14.04)

Xangua has answered my question.  From his comments it appears that the Themes in the Ubuntu Repository isn't supported in the current 14.04 version of Ubuntu.  Hopefully the developers will consider putting supported themes there so that the users can have a variety.

There might be other resources, but the only one that I found (so far) is the one linked by Xangua in the comments above.  It might not be the most definitive, but it appears that the all the Themes in the gtk3 category are supported.

If this theory is correct, then anyone having problems with Ubuntu 14.04 and Themes can verify they are using a gtk3 type theme and it should work.

My next question (of which I'll spend time researching first) is to learn how to edit the title bar and borders of the gtk3 themes.

That's my only problem with the stock Ubuntu, is that you can't easily distinguish between the active and inactive windows and it's hard to tell (without window borders) where one window ends and the next begins, especially when having more than one terminal window on your screen.

The Themes in the Repository question is solved!


Open Source friendly Graphics Card manufacturers?

The answer is a little complicated, but goes like this:

Nvidia's open-source driver is really bad (thanks to them being stubborn), but their proprietary driver gives pretty much the best performance of any GPU on Linux.

AMD's open-source driver is better, but still not really good enough to match your investment in a modern video card, so you'll end up resorting to their proprietary driver, which is not as good as Nvidia's.

So: if you're serious about wanting to go entirely open-source, AMD is a slightly better option (though still dissatisfying -- honestly, Intel graphics are probably the only ones whose open-source driver compares well to their Windows performance nowadays, and that wasn't true until 2012), but if you're willing to use proprietary drivers, Nvidia is best.

Note that this assumes that you're using <5 year old hardware, willing to spend north of $100 on your GPU, and have some interest in modern games.


19.10 Keyboard and mouse and monitor required to use Desktop Sharing?

Could it be the screen that's key rather than the keyboard and mouse?

I was having the same issue without a screen attached. Unfortunately the only solution that worked for me was a dummy HDMI connector that emulated a screen.

https://askubuntu.com/a/1233892/1057813


Errore 1962 after replace w10 with ubuntu 15.10

Try installing a newer version of Ubuntu (16.04 now in beta) which may help with hardware and automatic EFI detection: http://distrowatch.com/?newsid=09335


Can't install Ubuntu anymore, no caching found

If I understand your question what you should do is recreate the bootable USB. You don't mention how you created it but it sounds like you may have done something undesirable to it when you "deleted more than I should have"

I would recommend using dd for this task rather than 3rd party software as it's always been more reliable for me.

WARNING: Make absolutely certain you are choosing the correct device for output as there are no training wheels with dd

The command line should look something like dd if=input.iso of=targetdevice

for more detail see man dd or the link under source:

Source:

http://osxdaily.com/2015/06/05/copy-iso-to-usb-drive-mac-os-x-command/


pc wont boot with sd card reader plugged in

It would help a lot if you could tell the exact error message you received. This issue could have multiple causes:

the BIOS might be set to boot from USB before trying the hard disk, so check the BIOS settings
your /etc/fstab might list the partitions to be mounted with /dev/sdx syntax - unfortunately, those are not fixed, what is /dev/sda on one boot might be /dev/sdb on the next. Therefore Ubuntu usually uses block ids instead of absolute device paths, with "UUID=..." syntax. If your fstab has absolute paths, you could replace them with the block ids. To find out which block id belongs to e.g. sda1 type:

user@host:~$ blkid -s UUID /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1: UUID="0123456789ABCDEF"

and then replace /dev/sda1 in your fstab with UUID=0123456789ABCDEF (without quotes).


A recent update resulted in my 16.04 server no longer listening on port 80

Order, alloe and deny are obviosly not allowed in that place. They can only be used with some modules (https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/howto/access.html)

Before your update, the then version of apache might have ignored or warned about the error. The new version choose to fail. When you have problems like this, always run the apache configtest program, and if the error isn't obvious, look the directives up in the Apache manual.


Ubuntu 12.04 failed to reboot after unsuccessful update done on 28/8/2013

Try following steps once to fix your problem

When your system starts press CTRL+ALT+F1 to go to CLI tty1, login using your credentials.
Then execute following commands in series, i,e one after another:

sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get --purge remove $(dpkg -l | grep "^rc" | awk '{print $2}' | tr '\n' ' ')
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get upgrade

If everything goes fine then reboot your system and check whether it solves your issues. Run this command to reboot your system:

sudo reboot

You can also give a try to fix your problem using Safe Mode if above method doesn't help you

When your system starts chose Recovery Mode (2nd option in grub menu).
From the Menu just go to Grub option, it will give a message like Updating grub will mount your system in read/write mode. Just chose yes to mount your system in read/write mode. It will update your grub and will exit from Grub menu.
chose network option it may enable your network.
Then chose dpkg menu from the list, chose yes for all.
Finally chose root option and login. Execute following commands one after another:

  apt-get autoremove
  apt-get autoclean
  apt-get --purge remove $(dpkg -l | grep "^rc" | awk '{print $2}' | tr '\n' ' ')
  apt-get update
  apt-get -f install
  apt-get dist-upgrade
  apt-get upgrade

Then reboot your system and check whether your are able to use Ubuntu or not. Run this command to reboot:

  reboot

Hope either of this method works for you.. Reply if something goes wrong.


Is there a derivative that uses a Rolling Release model?

There is no official rolling release, all the supported Ubuntu derivative releases (Kubuntu, Xubuntu, Lubuntu, Edubuntu, Ubuntu Studio and Mythbuntu) are based on the Ubuntu release schedule, 6 months per released version and 1 LTS version every 2 years.

There are many rolling releases with unstable Debian based, ie:

Aptosid
Linux Mint LMDE
AntiX

The closest that you will find from a rolling release supported by the Ubuntu base and using Ubuntu packages is +1, run it always on alpha or beta.

There is nothing wrong with assuming that Ubuntu +1 is something like a rolling release except for the fact that there is an EOL for the versions and once a version is released you have to force the system to use Ubuntu +1 again. It does not really fit the criteria for the name rolling release.

It's not a rolling release per se, but is the closest you will get.

Rolling releases (by definition) goes against what Ubuntu fights for every 6 months, basically before each release, packages are imported from Debian Unstable continuously and merged to the Ubuntu repos with modifications done for Ubuntu. A month before release, imports are frozen, and packagers then work to ensure that the frozen features interoperate well together.

Its a lot of work to be done and supply you with stable packages.

To move your system to the next release use the command sudo update-manager -d, it will allow you to install the packages from the future release

You will receive constant updates for this until the version is really released in April 2012, after that you will be able to apply the command again and update to the next future release after a couple of days.

Please note that this is not the intent of Ubuntu and that (as mostly any rolling release) the packages might break your system. If you are not so familiar with recovering a broken system this is not really advisable. Having said that I have to explain that depending on the skills some Ubuntu users "live" on Ubuntu +1 (mostly bug catchers and developers, but they exist).

In the end, it's up to you: the unstable world of Ubuntu +1 or the stable comfortable sight of updated stable packages every 6 months.


@oldfred has it correct. The /etc/grub.d/25_custom file is what's adding all of the extra unwanted GRUB entries. Placed there by boot-repair. GRUB Customizer may add similar unnecessary files into /etc/grub.d. However, I would not recommend modifying os-prober and/or 40_custom.

These are the standard files that you should see in /etc/grub.d...

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root  11K Feb  5  2019 00_header*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root 6.2K Apr 22  2016 05_debian_theme*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root  17K Oct 11 06:57 10_linux*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root  37K Oct 11 06:57 10_linux_zfs*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root  13K Oct 11 06:57 20_linux_xen*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root 2.0K Mar 12  2014 20_memtest86+*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root  12K Apr 14  2017 30_os-prober*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root 1.4K Oct 14  2015 30_uefi-firmware*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root  214 Sep 22  2014 40_custom*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root  216 Apr 11  2014 41_custom*
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  483 Apr 11  2014 README

cat /etc/grub.d/25_custom # confirm that it contains the unwanted entries.

sudo rm -i /etc/grub.d/25_custom # to remove this file

sudo update-grub # generate new GRUB menu

reboot # confirm desired result


bash: /home/gaja/.bashrc: line 4: syntax error near unexpected token `('

To get rid of the error messages use the following command in your terminal,

cp /etc/skel/.bashrc ~/

It will replace your corrupt ~/.bashrc with a fresh one. But any changes in ~/.bashrc made by you (if any) will be lost.

Do not forget to source the ~/.bashrc, write in terminal,

source ~/.bashrc

To continue with your existing ~/.bashrc you need to add the output of

head -n 5 ~/.bashrc

So that we can point out the syntax error in your existing ~/.bashrc


I have since discovered that this is not ubuntu's fault at all, as I now have another machine with a different distro and the same symptoms.

It's something todo with my router's wireless connection. Specifically, the machines send http requests out and get nothing back. But only when connected wirelessly. Weird.


Any accounting Software especially coded for ubuntu

Yes there is ADempiere. It is a full ERP system.

http://www.adempiere.com/ADempiere_ERP


Every system is worth learning if you want to be versatile. Now if your going to specialize in linux only systems, then you don't need Windows else if your training will include all networks in general, you will definitely need Windows to do that.

It depends on your intended area of specialization. Look at your course work and see if you need it, ask your course provider they will better inform you on what is needed.


How to start installation of Ubuntu 14.10 on Dell XPS 15 (along Windows 8.1)?

After several failed attempts I've made it to install Ubuntu on Dell XPS 15.
I have disabled the secure boot option and have enabled the legacy boot option.
Afterwards when restarting, I've used a USB key formatted with FAT32 on which I had the AMD64 distribution of Ubuntu 14.10 prepared (from Windows 8.1) with the Universal USB installer tool.

In my case, there was not necessary anymore to add from BIOS another Boot option by selecting the .ISO file from the USB drive, but instead was enough to have Ubuntu installation kit on the USB drive (after being prepared with USB Universal Installer).

When restarting I've pressed F12 and then I saw the Ubuntu installation from the USB key as an UEFI Boot option.
Installation went fine (make sure to use 'Something else' in the first step when choosing whether the installation should purge the content of the HDD/SDD), the only thing to keep in mind when doing the installation is to choose /dev/sda as Bootloader location and after the installation is complete restart again directly in Linux in order to be able to run boot-repair tool. In order to avoid any grub related issues (like I did), make sure to eject the USB when restarting the computer after the installation is complete.


Error creating folder: Permission denied

That's because /var is owned by root, so you have to be temporarily root to access it ..

That's exactly what's the sudo command for, for making you look like another user, which is root by default.

The root user happens to have access to everything on the system, whether it belonged to you, root, or whatever ..

So, to create a folder in a folder that isn't yours, you use sudo.
In other words, you have to do the following.

Open a Terminal Window
Copy the installer using the command:

sudo cp <installer_path> <directory_to_copy_to>

(directory would be /var/www/html in your case)
You'll be prompted to enter your password, do it.

You're done!


Monitor settings changes after removing display cable

When you remove the monitor, the system does not know what is your best resolution, because it does not get the information from the monitor any more. Therefore, it sets the resolution that will most probably work for any monitor.
You should add the resolution manually. Here is the answer how to do it How do I set a custom resolution?.


booting issues booting windows XP after installing ubuntu 12.04

From the boot-repair log,

Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the boot sector of sda1
and looks at sector 128708312 of the same hard drive
for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks
for (,msdos5)/boot/grub on this drive. No errors found
in the Boot Parameter Block.

Grub installed in the boot sector of dev/sda1 Windows Xp partition.So you have to repair your windows boot files and then you have to run boot-repair again.

See this to repair your Windows boot files and  reinstall grub on /dev/sda disk.


Full-screen, transparent, toggle-able terminal for Ubuntu? (Like Quake/Visor)

Use Guake

sudo apt-get install guake

F12 shows/hides

Use Preferences to adjust opacity, height, shortcuts and much more...

Guake on 12.04 Unity:


Does Canonical have any plans for selling/certifying laptop hardware?

One of Ubuntu's greatest strengths is the amount of hardware it runs on out of the box (that is to say that you don't have to install drivers, or special software to use it).

So, simply no I don't see them ever "controlling their hardware", as Apple does.

There are some other third party companies that specialize in building computers specifically for Linux, however these systems tend to be expensive, and often have the same hardware that you could put in any other system.

Of course I am not associated with Canonical, and so this is just my opinion.


WiFi is unstable on Dell Inspirion 42100

Welp, after going to Ubuntu Help in the settings tab I was instructed to check my router setup. So I did. I enabled then disabled DNS Override and disabled then enabled the UPnp. Then restated my laptop. Ran Ubuntu and WHALA!!! WiFi is connected without having to run Windows for 1/2hour first. I'll repost if the signal is lost again.


Your HDD has gone bad. I have faced the same error sometime back on Ubuntu 14.04.  I had to get my HDD replaced. You can try connecting the HDD to different computer and try to recover important data. In my case I lost all data :(


/etc/fstab is much older than XML and JSON, and as quite a lot of programs use it changing its format would be a nightmare.

Besides this  /etc/fstab needs to be parsed before there is a functional system as it is used to mount all essential file systems. Hence the format of /etc/fstab should be as simple as possible as the parser should not depend on any external libs.

Parsing XML is quite difficult and you really want to avoid it if you can't relay on external libs. JSON is a bit easier but still quite difficult.

The semantics of /etc/fstab are quite simple, they don't include any tree-like data structures or any other fancy stuff. All you need is records consisting of six values.

Whitepace-separated values are good enough for that, and they are easy to parse even if all you have is the C standard libs.

So there's just no reason to use JSON, XML or something similar.


minidlna start. It is working, but I don't get any data. (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

The output that you provided for "service minidlna status" indicates that the process started but exited (see "Active (exited)" in your log).
It is probably obvious to you, but make sure the USER that you are intending to run this as (ie. gerda-johan) actually is a valid user id in the linux system.  Also, see this thread: https://www.reddit.com/r/debian/comments/gha898/minidlna_setup_notes/


Trouble starting a Python3.5 program as a systemd service

So!

Someone in a #support channel suggested running
do-release-upgrade
(which caused my bots to stop working last time I did it, which is the reason I was running Ubuntu 15.04 up to now) and now, on Ubuntu 15.10, I'm no longer having the issue above. The person who suggested that was running a nearly-identical script as the one I pasted above in Ubuntu 16.04.1 and not having the issue I was having.

It seems that the '.' in 'python3.5' indeed was the culprit here, but it also looks like this issue in systemd was fixed sometime in between Ubuntu versions.

tl,dr: this problem doesn't seem to exist on Ubuntu 15.10 and above. The fix for me was to upgrade to 15.10.

Thank you for your time!


Finally I got it to work. I had to write various scripts and wrote the story down here: http://blog.christian-hufgard.de/keyboardscreen_backlight_settings_ubuntu_12_04-2012-07-30


Cannot get NVIDIA graphics card to work on Ubuntu 18.04

You have to disable Secure Boot on your machine, boot into BIOS and disable it in the UEFI settings.
There won't be any security problem at all and the alongside installed Windows will boot  nevertheless.


Does GNOME Tweak Tool work with GNOME Shell built from GIT?

Just like GNOME Shell, you should be able to compile the GNOME Tweak Tool from its git repository, as well. I'd see no reason for any incompatibilities if you're using the latest version of both, since it seems both are supported by GNOME.


How to remove a strange-looking directory

Warning, what's below is quite dangerous, backup your data before :

You may have a script running into that folder... (your lsof show a bash command)

be sure to be out of the folder and with administrative rights (sudo or root.)

Kill all possible process that access to that folder :

kill -9 `lsof -t /MyFolder`

then you'll be able to remove it :

rm -rf /MyFolder

MyFolder being the folder you want to be removed.

If it doesn't work, please show us what the mount command output

Best regards.


I'd suggest you have no reason to care about the broken one.

Install a new one.

You're probably using the wrong method to install.


According to the @George's suggestion and @Moe's report, actually, some PHP dependencies were missing. As it is described here, all php dependencies for Wordpress can be installed through the following commands:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install php-curl php-gd php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-xml php-xmlrpc


Original: [left image]

# Showing disk partitions: root, home and Data
${voffset 8}
${offset 103}${font Ubuntu:size=10,weight:bold}${color5}HDD[s]
###${offset 120}${diskiograph 33,183 666666 666666}${voffset 12}
${voffset 12}
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:bold}${color1}Swap: ${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:normal}${fs_free /dev/sda3}${alignr}${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:bold}Used: ${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:normal}${fs_used /dev/sda3}
 ${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:bold}${color1}Home: ${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:normal}${fs_free /}${alignr}${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:bold}Used: ${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:normal}${fs_used /}
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:bold}${color1}Data:  ${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:normal}${fs_free /}${alignr}${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:bold}Used: ${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:normal}${fs_used /}

# Network data (my desktop have only LAN). ETHERNET ring is mostly useless but looks pretty, main info is in the graphs
${voffset 54}
${offset 103}${font Ubuntu:size=10,weight:bold}${color5}ARPANET

Fixed: [right image]

# Showing disk partitions: root, home and Data
${voffset 48}
${offset 103}${font Ubuntu:size=10,weight:bold}${color5}HDD[s]
###${offset 120}${diskiograph 33,183 666666 666666}${voffset 12}
${voffset -5}
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:bold}${color1}Swap: ${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:normal}${fs_free /dev/sda3}${alignr}${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:bold}Used: ${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:normal}${fs_used /dev/sda3}
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:bold}${color1}Home: ${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:normal}${fs_free /}${alignr}${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:bold}Used: ${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:normal}${fs_used /}
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:bold}${color1}Data:  ${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:normal}${fs_free /}${alignr}${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:bold}Used: ${font Ubuntu:size=9,weight:normal}${fs_used /}

# Network data (my desktop have only LAN). ETHERNET ring is mostly useless but looks pretty, main info is in the graphs
${voffset 36}
$ {offset 103}${font Ubuntu:size=10,weight:bold}${color5}ARPANET

In this example, the screen shot is the actual visual feedback of my .conkyrc config file, which is located in ~/.

What you can see, when you carefully compare the screen shot, with the code listed below from both examples is, that i only changed the ${voffset} parameters, starting from:

 # Showing disk partitions: root, home and Data

In your case it is the same point of reference, to get started from! Every entry in the code, below of my #HDD[s]-setting needs to be readjusted, always using the ${voffset xx} parameter, just like in the example.

I know, it looks quite difficult, but give it some time, and you'll make it work!


How can I keep ubuntu from syncing the clock?

Just stop and disable both systemd-timesyncd (installed by default) and ntp (if you have installed it). Better take a backup before moving the system into the future, because interesting things may happen when you will bring it back into the past.

sudo systemctl stop systemd-timesyncd && sudo systemctl disable systemd-timesyncd
sudo systemctl stop ntp && sudo systemctl disable ntp

If the system is a virtual machine you must also make sure that it is not set to synchronize its time with the host.


What you are looking for is called Encoder streaming (one of the three live streaming "options" listed by YouTube).
See also this.
This provides detailed instructions on how to do that in Linux Mint with ffmpeg, but they should work flawlessly in Ubuntu.
Please try them and post feedback.
I will start posting them here for future reference.
Note this interesting post which does essentially the same, but using another URL as the source, instead of your local video file.


The Apt database is locked. Someone else is just trying to install something else. Maybe it's you in another terminal or maybe you have Synaptic Package Manager running. Try to find it by grep-ing your processes:

ps -ef | grep apt

or

ps -ef | grep synaptic

just try to exit or kill this application with kill -15  and try to install again.


Specifying a local iso to vmbuilder for KVM

This could be a very local issue (ie something quirky on your machine). I had a similar issue and it was to do with a type on one of the switches and not a mounting issue at all. But...
If you're running 12.04 yourself you shouldn't need to specif the iso. You have already told the application you want to install the 'precise' suite (ie 12.04) and you should probably --flavour=virtual (that's the joy of vmbuilder - no need to download the isos if you just want Ubuntu. Try simplifying your command even if it creates an image you late have to delete because it is unusable or not enough memory. You can start with something as simple as
vmbuilder kvm ubuntu

and if you want it 'virsh'-compatible or specify memory etc then yes add the appropriate switch:
vmbuilder kvm ubuntu --suite=precise --mem=1024 --flavour=virtual -o --libvirt qemu:///system --user=admin --pass=myPassw0rd

I also find that despite configuring things in what I believe is the same way, I sometimes find I have to move my image files to a different directory in /var/lib/libvirt.
Add the bridge, --addpkg acpid (if you want to be able to shutdown an ubuntu instance correctly, openssh-server is good too allowing you to access the machine other than via VNC/screen scraping.
Enjoy


Is there a way I can zoom in gala window manager?

Gala has a zoom plugin that is installed by default.

Default shortcuts are:

Super+
Super-
to zoom in and out.

To check or modify the set values, have a look at org.pantheon.desktop.gala.keybindings.


How to save the state of a Live CD into a .iso?

I think what you are looking for is Persistent Storage:

LiveUsbPendrivePersistent


Can I re-read my edited tmux.conf from within a tmux session?

I don't know where your config file is but the way Ctrl+YOUR_BIND_KEY and then : to bring up a command prompt, and typing:

:source-file ~/.tmux.conf

Source:

https://sanctum.geek.nz/arabesque/reloading-tmux-config/


Launcher Right-Click Menu Gets Stuck and Renders Screen Unresponsive - 18.04

Reloading works for me:
Alt+F2, r, enter


How can I set my resolution to 1280x1024 on an Acer Aspire Revo 3700?

It's an EDID issue. Your monitor is trying to tell your graphics card which modes is supports (at various refresh rates) but one side of the conversation is failing.

The fix is fairly simple, you just manually tell the driver what modes you can work at. In this case it seems you can just set the refresh rates and it'll figure out the rest.

https://superuser.com/questions/60290/cant-set-1280x1024-on-ubuntu-with-nvidia-geforce-8400-gs

You might also have more luck with a digital cable going from your Revo's HDMI port to your monitors DVI-D port. You can buy conversion cables or add-on dongles that change one end of a HDMI or DVI cable. Both options are quite cheap. You can get a 2m DVI-D=>HDMI for about £6.

On a sidenote, you only ever want to use nvidia-settings. The closed nvidia drivers aren't compatible with  the randr extensions... But that's not too bad as nvidia-settings isn't that bad.


For sure there are ways of doing that. In any desktop environment, you can assign applications to specific shortcut combinations. That application can be a regular application, but can also be your own .sh script.
You mention Ubuntu in your question title, however added "lubuntu" as a tag, so it is somewhat confusing. In standard Ubuntu, go to "Settings", then "Keyboard Shortcuts". On the bottom of the list, you find a section "Custom shortcuts", where you can add your own shortcuts to run your own commands.
A desktop environment agnostic way to define custom hotkeys involves to use a hotkey daemon such as xbindkeys or sxhkd. Both of these daemons allow to define hotkeys using simple text configuration files. The advantage of using such daemons is that you can continue to use the same keybindings in a different desktop environment.