Where is the settings.json file stored for Transmission?

The file is stored here:
sudo nano /etc/transmission-daemon/settings.json

Make sure you stop it first before editing
/etc/init.d/transmission-daemon stop


Upgrade from 14.04 to 16.04 failed with too many errors then the sytem failed to boot, can I fix it?

I also faced this issue and filed a bug in launchpad : https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/sysvinit/+bug/1610241

My solution was the following :

fix the /etc/init.d/virtuoso-nepomuk file by adding ### END INIT INFO at the end of the block started with ### BEGIN INIT INFO
resume the upgrade process with sudo apt-get upgrade

In any case, it's a bug. I suggested a few ways to fix that on launchpad, but it's not done yet.


How to access the missing settings/preferences menu in Cheese in non GNOME DEs?

I just ran into the same issue using KDE Plasma, but this workaround should work with all desktop managers.
WORKAROUND:
in dconf-editor go to /org/gnome/cheese/. This is where the Cheese preferences are saved, you can set everything here, then restart Cheese.


Where does aptitude store files during an upgrade?

Well for the directory where apt, aptitude and whatever other package management system you use stores the packages downloaded is /var/cache/apt/archives. If you copy this files to another PCs same cache folder you save yourself from having to download them again from the internet.

For the rest I did not understand clearly. if you could please change or add more stuff I could elaborate more here. Sorry buddy.


Reinstall Ubuntu on old 2006 Core Duo MacBook - can't boot from USB

You've got a GPT disk with a hybrid MBR, an Ubuntu installation, and nothing else that I can see. This is a very weird setup. You're better off with one of two other configurations:

Pure BIOS/CSM/legacy -- Treating the computer like an old BIOS-based computer works well. Wipe the partition table and create a regular MBR configuration with no GPT data, then install with a BIOS-mode version of GRUB. If you want to preserve your data, you can use gdisk to convert from GPT to MBR.
Pure EFI-mode -- You can wipe the hybrid MBR and install in EFI mode. If the computer has a 32-bit EFI, you'd need to install a 32-bit Ubuntu, but the usual Ubuntu installation media don't support EFI-mode booting, so you'll need to jump through some hoops to do so. This page of mine describes one way to do this.


Gimp installation failed due to depedency

The procedure to install gimp is sudo apt-get install gimp

When using a third party repository you are mostly on youw own and if there is any issue with the repository you must contact with the person that maintains it.


Multiple kernel errors after updating to newest kernel

No way, dkms, virtualbox, nvidia etc. are not supportin' 5.7 kernel yet. Last working is 5.6.16. (Remember about UKUU.)


Can I install 32 bit Ubuntu on dual boot with 64 bit windows 7?

Yes, it will not matter if you are installing the 32bit or the 64bit version.

As long as your computer supports 64bit instructions you can install any OS, 32 or 64bit as long as these play well with dual boot configurations.

I recommend you do a md5sum check on the image you downloaded and on the burned CD to make sure there are no faults in it, or if that is an option try to create a USB pen using unetbootin and test it that way.

If you system worked with the Wubi install there is no reason why the LiveCD would not work, maybe its just failing to load due to BIOS configuration or bad media.


Trying to install Steam ERROR: You are missing the following 32-bit libraries, and Steam may not run: not

This seem to happen on every 64 bits OS.

Full bug report here: https://github.com/ValveSoftware/steam-for-linux/issues/321

Solution:

gksudo gedit /etc/ld.so.conf.d/steam.conf

Add next two lines to file:

/usr/lib32
/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa

Then execute:

sudo ldconfig

Now you should be able to run Steam

solution found here: http://steamcommunity.com/app/221410/discussions/0/864959336441792994/?l=russian


Problems with SSH, I also can't ping any websites or local devices on the network

The route, arp and ifconfig commands are a bit old-school - nowadays on Linux there are the iproute2 suite of commands:
Try running:
$ ip address
$ ip route

You definitely want to see an IP address to configured on your network device, but also check that the netmask is correct. In a home network, I would expect the mask to be either /24 or /16 - corresponding to either a class C (ex: 192.168.0.x) or class B (ex: 192.168.x.x) network. If it's /32 (I expect not) then that's definitely wrong!
In the routes, you want to see a default route set to the the router IP in that network - commonly ending in either .1 or maybe .254 but starting with same values as your server IP.
You generally should not need a proxy set up, that's also pretty old-school and/or for super-restrictive networks.


Ubuntu 20.04: keys don't work when I am on the Desktop (outside File Manager)

It looks like the default desktop environment of Ubuntu 20.04 has this innate problem. One solution is installing alternate desktop environments that do not have this problem, e.g. Cinnamon.

In Cinnamon, I can easily navigate using the arrow keys on the Desktop itself. See this Youtube video for more details.


Just run the following command in a terminal (commonly reachable via Ctrl+Alt+T):

sudo apt-get install software-center

The above command will install software-center in your computer. If it ever gets uninstalled or "disappears", you can run the command again to install it.


I've had a few problems with upgrading Ubuntu 16.04 .  I never found out the reason but my "guess" has been that it's a problem with the upgrade and not really something wrong with the kernel or Ubuntu 16.04 for my system.

What you can consider is creating a boot disk and boot off of it.  Select "Try Ubuntu".  I guess this should work.  If it does, it at least means that the kernel and Ubuntu 16.04 will work for your system.

Maybe some left-over settings is causing you problems.  From here, you can consider the following to re-install Ubuntu:

Mount your root partition and copy system-level files to your home
directory. For example, at least everything from /etc.
Select "Install Ubuntu" and one of the options available
in Ubuntu 16.04 is to write over your existing Ubuntu, leaving your
/home directory intact.
It will wipe the system-level files and
install a base system.
Yes, now you have to go through and install all the missing packages.  Hopefully, you don't have to stress out what settings you need to edit and just copy over the configuration file(s) from the old /etc.

I wouldn't be stingy with step (1).  Copy any settings in /var and so on if you think it would take some time to recover.  Just make sure you put it in your home directory.  Other parts of the system will be wiped.

Hopefully, this should work.  Yes, it's a bit heavy-handed, but I've done this a couple of times (on different systems) for Ubuntu 16.04 already.  Trying to figure out the cause is better, but sometimes, you don't have the time...


Printer State: Idle - /usr/lib/cups/backend/dnssd failed

The problem disappears after the driver is re-installed.


How to remove wine broken icons in dashboard

If you only want to remove the shortcut, go to ~/.local/share/applications/ and delete the .desktop file you want to be gone.

If you want to remove the windows program itself, run wine uninstaller

Details in Wine FAQ.


Install postgreSQL on Ubuntu dependency errors

If you are running the server version of Ubuntu, you could try running

sudo apt-get update

to update the available packages, and then retrying the install with

sudo apt-get install postgresql

If you are running the Desktop version of Ubuntu however, I would suggest installing postgresql via the Ubuntu Software Center, since this has always worked best for me.


This bash command will dump HTML files for every man page on the system.  You'll need to install the groff package first, then cd to an empty directory and run:

for f in `ls -1 /usr/share/man/man*`; do n=`echo $f | sed s/[.].*[.]gz//`; man -Thtml $n > $n.html ; done

This will cycle through all of the files in the /usr/share/man directory, strip off the section number and the extension using sed, then call man to render the manpage to HTML (man -Thtml in turn calls groff, which is why you need it installed first), storing the result in an html file with the same name as the page.  It will take a while to complete, and groff throws some warnings about line breaks, but when it finishes, you will have all of your man pages in HTML format.

Most e-readers can handle HTML files, but if yours doesn't, you can use calibre to convert the HTML files to mobi or epub or any other format you choose.


You can check here at this website

http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Devices/USB

and

from Ubuntu website

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/WirelessCardsSupported


Installing DNS, DHCP, Apache on Ubuntu Desktop

Of course you can; it's quite usual to do install Apache for development purposes. (DNS and DHCP not so much because those functions are generally handled by dedicated infrastructure.) Just pretend that you have the Server edition and follow the Server Guide. The difference between the Desktop and Server edition consists mainly in the selection of packages which are installed by default.

Just a recommendation: If you install DHCP be sure to think carefully beforehand how DHCP will work on your network(s).


Why Ubuntu software center is not showing some existing applications?

Not all packages are available in the Ubuntu Software Center.

If you don't found Android Studio in the Software Center, you can found it on the official Website : https://developer.android.com/studio/install

I hope that will help you!


In Unity, how can I make application windows open in the center of the screen?

What yo need is CompizConfig Settings Manager (CCSM):

sudo apt install compizconfig-settings-manager
sudo apt install compiz-plugins

then open CCSM by going to the dash and type CCSM:

then go to Window management and window placement:

and play around till you've got exactly what you want!


What is the app, "compiz" responsible for on ubuntu 12.04?

"Compiz is a compositing manager, which means that it enhances the overall user interaction by adding fancy effects to your windows, from drop shadows to awesome desktop effects like the Desktop Cube or the Expo view.
Compiz can also be a window manager, which means that it is the software between you and your desktop apps. It enables you to move or resize windows, to switch workspaces, to switch windows easily (using alt-tab or so), and so on." (source)

To run Ubuntu without, choose "Ubuntu 2D" on the login screen:


accessing the GUI date/time setter programmatically

A co-worker found the answer:
system("gnome-control-center datetime");


It is like installing Ubuntu on manjaro mount points just a step extra you need to remove the efi part of manjaro too cause that part will not be overwritten in dual boot


Install a Sublime Text Package from Linux command line (in Sublime Text 3 using Package Control)

Probably not the answer you are looking for. But what about just backing up your ~/.config/sublime-text-3 folder and restoring it again? This will at least work for a system reinstall.


Can I pass arguments to an alias command?

Aliases don't take arguments. With an alias like alias foo='bar $1', the $1 will be expanded by the shell to the shell's first argument (which is likely nothing) when the alias is run.

So: Use functions, instead.

d () {
  num=${1:-5}
  dmesg |grep -iw usb|tail -$num
}

num=${1:-5} uses the first argument, with a default value of 5 if it isn't provided.

Then you can do:

$ d
# prints 5 lines
$ d 10
# prints 10 lines

Or, if you change the options you used slightly:

alias d="dmesg|grep -iw usb|tail -n 5"

Then you can pass additional -n options:

$ d
# prints 5 lines
$ d -n 10
# prints 10 lines

If multiple -n options are specified for tail, only the last is used.


How to change mimetype image for PSD file (Photoshop)?

You have to put the image-x-photoshop.svg in /usr/share/icons/gnome/scalable/mimetypes not /usr/share/icons/gnome/scalable/


Open up a terminal from Applications -> Accessories. Type:

gksu gedit /etc/modules

At the bottom of the file, make two new lines, like this:

usbserial
option

Then close the editor program and save it. Reboot the computer and hopefully you’ll be right from now on!


Un-able to re-boot Windows 8 after failed Ubuntu install

My short recommendation: Do a complete low-level backup of your disk, and then dig up a Windows 8 recovery disc and use it on the original disk.

The long story: I see at least three things wrong with your current setup:

Your /dev/sda2, which might once have been Windows, is identified as as "unknown filesystem" by the Boot Repair tool. This is Bad News, since this tool can normally identify the NTFS that's used by Windows. Maybe a Windows tool can repair the damage, but maybe not; and it's very unlikely that you'll get anywhere attempting to repair it in Linux.
Your EFI boot order is "0003,2001", but there's no obvious Windows boot entry. Boot entry 0003 is for Ubuntu (GRUB), and 2001 is for a USB flash drive. Thus, your computer will attempt to boot GRUB when it starts.
Your GRUB configuration includes no entry for Windows, so in conjunction with the previous item, even if your Windows volume could be read, you wouldn't be able to boot Windows. In theory, you could add a Windows entry to GRUB, but I'm doubtful that it would work, given the probable filesystem damage to /dev/sda2.

The first of these points is the most critical: Repairing NTFS is something that Linux just can't do. Thus, sooner or later you'll need to fire up a Windows repair tool, and it might as well be sooner rather than later. Attempting to put this off might yield results, but is more likely to be a waste of time; and even if it works, the results of getting the current Windows installation to boot and repair itself are not likely to be any better than the results you'd get from running a Windows repair disc.

Try checking with Microsoft to find such a disc. I've heard that they exist and are fairly easy to find, but I don't happen to have any URLs handy.


ClamAV detects Malware : Java.Malware.Agent-6203119-0 FOUND

I would advice to always do 2 things:

google file and malware notice.
check the integrity of the file.

There is not a single hit on google on "maven-model-builder-3.2.5.jar" and clamav reporting a virus in this file.
To check the integrity of this file the maven repository has 2 hashes:

MD5 hash for it is: a216c67dae851a4cedb4b431a674eba2
SHA1 hash for it is: 7a32f3966fab463df9cdae95fd6df8c2e561e3ae

Commands to find those for your file are ...

md5sum /home/application/SSL/build-tools/apache-maven/lib/maven-model-builder-3.2.5.jar
sha1sum /home/application/SSL/build-tools/apache-maven/lib/maven-model-builder-3.2.5.jar

If those match: false positive. If they do not it needs more investigation.


Is there any way to make brightness work on a HP ENVY 15-dr0350nd?

Update June 16, 2019 2:44pm MST

It was revealed it's a "WLED" screen not an "OLED" screen we are interested in. Hope can be found in this Linux Kernel Proposed Update message:

  qcom: spmi-wled: Support for QCOM wled driver

  From:       Kiran Gunda

  To:         bjorn.andersson-AT-linaro.org, linux-arm-msm-AT-vger.kernel.org

  Subject:    [PATCH V1 0/4] qcom: spmi-wled: Support for QCOM wled driver

  Date:       Thu, 16 Nov 2017 17:48:33 +0530

  Message-ID: <1510834717-21765-1-git-send-email-kgunda@codeaurora.org>

  Cc:         linux-kernel-AT-vger.kernel.org, linux-arm-msm-owner-AT-vger.kernel.org, Kiran Gunda

  Archive-link:         Article

  WLED driver provides the interface to the display driver to adjust the
  brightness of the display backlight. This driver exposes two APIs to
  set and get the brightness of the display backlight through the
  backlight framework. This driver has the support to handle the OVP
  (over voltage protection) and the SC (short circuit protection)
  interrupts. It also has the auto calibration algorithm support to
  configure the right strings if the user specified string configuration
  is in-correct.

Kiran Gunda (4):
  qcom: spmi-wled: Add support for qcom wled driver
  qcom: spmi-wled: Add support for short circuit handling
  qcom: spmi-wled: Add support for OVP interrupt handling
  qcom: spmi-wled: Add auto-calibration logic support

 .../bindings/leds/backlight/qcom-spmi-wled.txt     | 118 +++
 drivers/video/backlight/Kconfig                    |   9 +
 drivers/video/backlight/Makefile                   |   1 +
 drivers/video/backlight/qcom-spmi-wled.c           | 999 +++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 1127 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Documentation/devicetree/bindings/leds/backlight/qcom-spmi-wled.txt
 create mode 100644 drivers/video/backlight/qcom-spmi-wled.c

  --  The Qualcomm Innovation Center, Inc. is a member of the Code Aurora Forum, a Linux Foundation Collaborative Project

Original Answer

Although not an answer hoped for this Arch Linux article states:

  It may be helpful to know that OLED displays by their nature do not
  have backlight.

The only solution therefor is to use something like this:

$ xrandr --output eDP1 --brightness .5

where .5 is 50% brightness, .63 would be 63% brightness, etc.


How do I compile a C++ program I made in vim?

It appears you have the wrong file extension. You created a file which you called toe.ccp, however what you want is a file that is toe.cpp (Two p's, not two c's in your file extension). Renaming the file will cause g++ to work correctly.

In case you are unfamiliar with how to do so on the command line, you can do

mv toe.ccp toe.cpp

in the terminal to rename the file. Then try compiling it with g++, it should now work.


Backup/Migrate all fonts from 11.10 to 12.04 (all locations)

'/usr/share/fonts'  will be your system wide fonts.

'~/.fonts'  should be all your user only fonts. (per user of course)


apt-get upgrade: Segmentation faulty tree... 50%

Clear the apt cache and try again

sudo rm /var/cache/apt/*.bin

you can also remove the cached archives with

sudo apt-get clean


ssh: connect to host 0.0.0.0 port 22: Connection refused

I do not know what you mean by 'mounting a vps'. However port 22 will definitely be needed for SSH by default.
If you have Uncomplicated Firewall installed and enabled then you can run:

sudo ufw allow 22

If not then you can use iptables:

sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

Or you can change the port that SSH uses by modifying it's config file /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
Edit the file using your favourite text editor, I like to use nano because other editors scare me:

sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Now, assuming that by VPS you mean Virtual Private Server, perhaps by

  I can now only access the VPS after mounting it with another VPS.

you are saying you are trying to create a virtual machine on your PC using something like VirtualBox? If this is the case then you would need to allow port 22 on the guest machine, the host, and possibly your router (if you are trying to ssh in from somewhere outside of your network). I hope this helps you friend.

-- edit --
What you need to do then is this:

Create a file with the ideal set of iptables rules in it.

Have that file loaded at boot.

I won't lie, I'm not confident enough in my knowledge of IP tables to help you with this so I won't try and risk misleading you, sorry.


No partitions are visible during ubuntu installation

You are showing sdb1 & sdb2 which are primary partitions, inside the extended partition. That is not allowed.

Best to make sure you have really good backups of all data and current partition table and run fixparts to see what it suggests.

To convert a partition from primary to logical, at least one free (unallocated) sector must exist between the partition and the one that precedes it.

Fixparts - Repair broken partition tables (not overlapping issues) & delete Stray gpt data from MBR drives

http://www.rodsbooks.com/fixparts/

First backup partition table, use your drive for sdX or sda, sdb etc.

sudo sfdisk -d /dev/sdX > parts.txt


Unable to detect wireless with Ubuntu 12.04

You actually may need to install a wireless driver.

I'm running a new laptop myself and I had to get my dad to install a wireless driver and a graphics driver (seeing as I'm running Ubuntu and Windows 7 on a Windows 8 machine).

Look up what wireless driver you may need for your computer, and see if you can find a program which will set up the driver for you.


Why are i386 packages automatically installed on a 64bit machine?

A simple command gives you the necessary information. But first you have to install a nifty tool:

sudo apt-get install aptitude

Now check with e.g.:

aptitude why gcc-4.8-base:i386


Is there an app to display partition identifers?

Try using di

sudo apt-get install di

then

di -a

gives something close to your requirement

Filesystem         Mount               Size     Used    Avail %Used  fs Type
/dev/sda8          /                  48.8G    14.0G    32.3G   34%  ext4
udev               /dev                1.9G     0.0G     1.9G    0%  devtmpfs
devpts             /dev/pts            0.0M     0.0M     0.0M    0%  devpts
gvfs-fuse-daemon   /home/user/.gvf     0.0M     0.0M     0.0M    0%  fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon
/dev/sda5          /media/01CC6E45   293.0G   284.9G     8.1G   97%  fuseblk
/dev/sda6          /media/01CC6E45   390.6G   355.6G    35.0G   91%  fuseblk
/dev/sda7          /media/01CC6E45    97.7G    94.2G     3.5G   96%  fuseblk
/dev/sda2          /media/0E246764    97.6G    34.1G    63.5G   35%  fuseblk
/dev/sdb1          /media/748d0c01    20.0G     5.8G    13.2G   34%  ext4
/dev/sdb5          /media/f452a714    18.6G     7.2G    10.5G   44%  ext4
/dev/sdb4          /media/New Volu   255.5G    68.1G   187.4G   27%  fuseblk
proc               /proc               0.0M     0.0M     0.0M    0%  proc
binfmt_misc        /proc/sys/fs/bi     0.0M     0.0M     0.0M    0%  binfmt_misc
tmpfs              /run              772.7M     0.8M   771.9M    0%  tmpfs
none               /run/lock           0.0M     0.0M     0.0M    0%  tmpfs
none               /run/shm            0.0M     0.0M     0.0M    0%  tmpfs
sysfs              /sys                0.0M     0.0M     0.0M    0%  sysfs
none               /sys/fs/fuse/co     0.0M     0.0M     0.0M    0%  fusectl
none               /sys/kernel/deb     0.0M     0.0M     0.0M    0%  debugfs
none               /sys/kernel/sec     0.0M     0.0M     0.0M    0%  securityfs

but without the Grub Identifier ( although the sda8 can be seen as (hd0,8) from Filesystem column)  .And for entire disk information , all the available partitions needs to be mounted.

Another one is disktype but with more details including UUID

example  sudo disktype /dev/sdx

Partition 6: 390.6 GiB (419423445504 bytes, 819186417 sectors from 819186480+63)
    Type 0x07 (HPFS/NTFS)
    Windows NTLDR boot loader
    NTFS file system
      Volume size 390.6 GiB (419423444992 bytes, 819186416 sectors)
  Partition 7: 97.65 GiB (104855837184 bytes, 204796557 sectors from 1638372960+63)
    Type 0x07 (HPFS/NTFS)
    Windows NTLDR boot loader
    NTFS file system
      Volume size 97.65 GiB (104855836672 bytes, 204796556 sectors)
  Partition 8: 48.89 GiB (52500103168 bytes, 102539264 sectors from 1843169580+1748)
    Type 0x83 (Linux)
    Ext3 file system
      UUID 0F493AF5-3B1C-49A5-B33E-5E04F42CA0F1 (DCE, v4)
      Last mounted at "/"
      Volume size 48.89 GiB (52500103168 bytes, 12817408 blocks of 4 KiB)
  Partition 9: 3.725 GiB (3999268864 bytes, 7811072 sectors from 1945712475+165)
    Type 0x82 (Linux swap / Solaris)
    Linux swap, version 2, subversion 1, 4 KiB pages, little-endian
      Swap size 3.725 GiB (3999260672 bytes, 976382 pages of 4 KiB)


When installing ROS I get a package can't be found despite following the right instructions

The Packages file for Eoan doesn't have entries for the above said packages. On the other hand, those are available in that of Bionic. The packages seems to have been removed for all new releases since the Packages file for Disco also don't have information for those packages. The dependencies in newer releases can't be satisfies without breaking the operating system. This could be a reason for the removal.
Moreover even if you try to use Bionic Beaver's software sources for installing those packages in newer releases, the dependencies won't still get satisfied. If you really need to use those packages, either use Bionic Beaver or compile from source.

Related posts:

My answer on How to see all packages in a package repository? Website or command line?
My other answer on Can't install MySQL 8 on Ubuntu 19.04


How do I open up firewall while keeping it safe?

Here is one easy way to do it.  My answer is going to assume that you have disabled all other firewall rules / packages you have tried.

Ubuntu has a nice very simple command line interface to "iptables" (Linux firewall) which is call UFW for Uncomplicated FireWall.

simply do this:

sudo ufw status

you'll see that your firewall is currently inactive:

"Status: inactive"

if you then issue the following command:

sudo ufw enable

you'll then get this message if it worked:

"Firewall is active and enabled on system startup"

Final Thoughts / Wrap Up:

Honestly this is all you'll probably need as the default ufw policy allows all outbound traffic (i.e. you surfing, downloading, etc) and blocks all inbound traffic to your box.

If you wanted to allow say... ssh/scp connections to your box/laptop for some reason you could simple add a rule such as this:

sudo ufw allow proto tcp from 192.168.1.0/24 to any port 22

In my opinion the syntax / commands are very simple and a gui app or overlay isn't bad, but not necessarily needed for what you seem to be wanting to achieve.

For more info check out the community docs on UFW here:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UFW

I hope this has been helpful.  =)

##### EDIT #####  (adding this in case people don't see my comment reply below and to add a resource link)

If you are wanting to open up certain ports click this link and look up all the ports you need (tcp and/or udp) for the services you listed:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers

Then to open that port up from anywhere to your machine do this:

sudo ufw allow proto tcp from any to any port __

or

sudo ufw allow proto udp from any to any port __

If you only want to open it up to ONLY your home 192.168.1.x network you could do this:

sudo ufw allow proto tcp from 192.168.1.0/24 to any port __

or

sudo ufw allow proto udp from 192.168.1.0/24 to any port __


How can I correct DNS in resolved.conf - Ubuntu 18.04

Run fsck once again
sudo tune2fs -c 1 /dev/sda1 than reboot the system. To disable fsck on boot run sudo tune2fs -c 0 /dev/sda1


How to delete .svn folder using FileZilla?

.svn folder is hidden by default. You just have to make it visible (show hidden file/folders) in FileZilla than you can remove it accordingly.
See:

Version 2.x – View > Show hidden files
Version 3.x – Server > Force showing hidden files

I hope it will work.But if .svn folder doesn't appears in that case FileZilla cannot delete them because server doesn't show these file to ftp client.
Reference: here


How to set global proxy in ubuntu from configuration URL?

You can set your proxy via the terminal.Press Ctrl+Alt+T

You should, for that, edit the following files:

    /etc/bash.bashrc
    /etc/environment
    /etc/apt/apt.conf
    /usr/local/etc/freshclam.conf

These files must have the following contents:

    sudo nano  /etc/bash.bashrc

    export http_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port/
    export https_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port/
    export ftp_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port/

Ctrl + O, save file. Ctrl + X, close nano.

    sudo nano  /etc/environment

    http_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port/
    https_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port/
    ftp_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port/

Ctrl + O, save file. Ctrl + X, close nano.

   sudo nano /etc/apt/apt.conf

   Acquire::http::Proxy "http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port";
   Acquire::https::Proxy "http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port";
   Acquire::ftp::Proxy "http://username:password@proxyserver.net:port";

Ctrl + O, save file. Ctrl + X, close nano.

    sudo nano  /usr/local/etc/freshclam.conf

    HTTPProxyServer proxyserver.net
    HTTPProxyPort port
    HTTPProxyUsername username
    HTTPProxyPassword password

Ctrl + O, save file. Ctrl + X, close nano.

And:

Configuration URL = http://username:password@www.something.com/someting/someting:port


Is there a file manager that opens readme files?

I don't think there is a file manager that would do what you want if you don't count apps like Midnight Commander which can be configured to show contents of any file in a side panel. From what you describe, you want the readme file in current directory shown no matter which file in that directory is currently active. Additionally, if you are talking GitHub, you probably also mean Markdown files. However, existing Ubuntu, Kubuntu file managers can be extended with plugins. For instance for Nautilus check out https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/NautilusPython

You could write a python plugin that would do what you want. You could imagine using one of existing markdown parsers in the process as well.


Backup the home folder
Wipe the partition and install Ubuntu from scratch.
Restore the home folder.

I wish there was an easy tool for migrating between distributions, but I don't think anything like that exists.


New Important Security update & ubuntu 14.04 LTS to 16.04 Question

Yes, your information is safe.

The worst case scenario is that the installation process get compromise. If that is the case, no worries. Write back here, we should be able to help. And if you need your files fast, you would be able to boot from a live CD/USB to navigate to your hard disk drive home folder.


You have wily graphical stack. The correct command should be

sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-wily:i386 libglapi-mesa-lts-wily:i386 libgl1-mesa-dev-lts-wily:i386 libudev1:i386


This site works better if you ask only one question. I can answer your question about menu categories, but not your question about the "Fonts" lens.

No, there is no Font category in the menus. The menus categories and subcategories are defined by a freedesktop standard. You can read it here, in the Registed Categories chapter.

You can define it as a new category for your own use in your computer, but you should respect the standard if you are going to package it for others.

About the Font category in Unity, I will post you to the source code line where it is defined in the current trunk (this file, line 235):

type_queries.insert ("fonts", "category:Fonts"); // FIXME: wtf?

Yes, the comment is real. This looks like a bug, and it's likely that it needs to be removed.

To answer your question: yes, a desktop file with category:Fonts will be displayed in this menu, but it will be non-standard and can cause problems (like appear in Other menus or don't appear) in other DEs, and in Unity in the future if this line is removed.


Is there a way to change user picture in Xubuntu, and actually display it on login?

*For Xubuntu 14.04 : The image must be as high as wide : 200x200 for ex.
Open Terminal (CTRL-ATL-T) and copy it to ~/.face
Reboot to see if all is OK ?

For Xubuntu versions before 11.10

Create a 96x96 jpg (JPEG) and renamed it as ~/.face.

For Xubuntu versions 11.10 and above

Create a 96x72 png (PNG) and renamed it as ~/.face.

Log-out to see your masterpiece.

how to

The in-built image editor in Xubuntu is Gimp.

Load the image in Gimp and crop the image to approximately 96x96 or 96x72 pixels depending upon your xubuntu version as described above.

Then fine-tune your image via Image - Scale Image...

Break the scale link as shown and enter the pixel size 96 x 96 or 96 x 72 as appropriate.  Complete the scale by clicking the Scale button

Save the file.  If necessary save the file type when saving (jpg or png).


I can log into my user account, but when I use the same password in terminal, it fails

Use pkexec passwd <username>. Replace the last part with your username without the <>. Enter the password twice and this should fix your issue.


Are CentOS programs compatible with Ubuntu?

In short Maybe.  CentOS is an operating system that is based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux.  While Ubuntu is based on Debian.

Package will not be portable between them. However systems are almost the same, software developed for one can usually easily be compiled for the other, it just has to be compiled and packaged a little differently.

  But using Alien you probably can.  Alien is a program that converts
  between Red Hat rpm, Debian deb, Stam‐pede slp, Slackware tgz, and
  Solaris pkg file formats. If you want to    use a package from another
  linux distribution than the one you have installed on your system, you
  can use alien to convert it to your pre‐ferred package format and
  install it. It also supports LSB packages.1

To install it, you can do so from USC

1Source: Ubuntu Manuals

P.S. Alien probably will not work with everything.  Make sure you test before attempting.


OpenGL 4.0 on ubuntu 13.04 using an intel graphics card

Unfortunately, OpenGL 4.0 is not yet supported with the Intel Linux Graphics driver (as reported by your glGetString() call). There is no proprietary driver, so you are stuck with this until they release a driver with support for this.

Support for OpenGL 4.0 likely means it is implemented for Windows.


Where is the ovpn file located? You may add a path for the ovpn file like this:

sudo openvpn /path/to/your/file/gns3vm.ovpn

Eventually use find . -name "file_name" to get the path.


HDMI & Display Port stopped work on 11.10

The cause of the problem for Thinkpad W510 is the fact that laptop is usually used in combination with additional monitor, twinview configuration. Such a configuration is set-up and written in xorg.conf via nvidia-setings tool. Removing all these entries from xorg.conf, display port started to work as expected.


There are a couple of assumptions before going to the issue of this theme:

You have at the least installed the gnome-shell and gnome-tweak-tool packages (and considered the package ubuntu-gnome-desktop)
You have used the 'Gnome' login
You have opened the 'Tweak' utility and enabled user themes:

With all of this done you should be able to place your theme in $HOME/.themes (note 'themes' and not 'theme') as follows:

mkdir $HOME/.themes && cd $HOME/.themes
wget https://github.com/vivaeltopo/gnome-shell-theme-viva/archive/3.14-blue-stable.tar.gz
tar xvf 3.14-blue-stable.tar.gz

And certainly on my system this can now be selected in the Tweak tool:

Now this does not have the makefile switcher which seems to use ruby-sass and was getting a bit over the top for a non-GNOME desktop man to wrangle with but certainly the release version installs as advertised. This is the 'blue' version rather than the 'orange'...


How to check Internet Speed via Terminal?

I recommend the speedtest-cli tool for this. I created a blog post (Measure Internet Connection Speed from the Linux Command Line) that goes into detail of downloading, installing and usage of it.

The short version is this: (no root required)

curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sivel/speedtest-cli/master/speedtest.py | python -

Output:

Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Testing from Comcast Cable (x.x.x.x)...
Selecting best server based on ping...
Hosted by FiberCloud, Inc (Seattle, WA) [12.03 km]: 44.028 ms
Testing download speed........................................
Download: 32.29 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed..................................................
Upload: 5.18 Mbit/s

Update in 2018:

Using pip install --user speedtest-cli gets you a version that is probably newer than the one available from your distribution's repositories.

Update in 2016:

speedtest-cli is in Ubuntu repositories now. For Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial) and later use:

sudo apt install speedtest-cli
speedtest-cli


It's a typo.

sudo make USE_PGPX=1 install
              ^^^^
              PGXS


Why is this newline in cURL command not working?

Adding the -q flag (and removing xargs) fixes the issue of the \n special character not working in you command. Here is the new command:

parallel -qP 10 curl -o /dev/null --silent --head --write-out '%{url_effective}: %{http_code}\n' < url.lst > out.csv

As the -q flag is explained in the man page for parallel:

--quote
-q
Quote command. This will quote the command line so special characters
are not interpreted by the shell. See the section QUOTING.
Most people will never need this. Quoting is disabled by default.


ubuntu 20.04 notify-updates-outdated not found

It seems that there is an error in /etc/update-motd.d/90-updates in line 7. Have you edited the file?
The filename should be: /usr/share/update-notifier/notify-updates-outdated!!
That is, the last letter is a "d" not an "s".


If I choose to try Ubuntu can I save anything I download?

Two cases we have then

If you have save the file in the home directory or any of live mounted partition then it will be lost after restart.
If you have saved else where in any other partition then it will be saved as usually & even you did a restart its cost nothing to your data.

hope that helps,:)


Unable to locate essential development tools

sudo apt-get install build-essential installs the essential development tools.

As for the GCC error, you need a source file foo.c before you can attempt to compile it!


Is it safe to upgrade Ubuntu 18.04 with ROOT partition installed on ZFS to 20.04?

So I ran do-release-upgrade -d and everything went fine. Then zpool upgrade -a and zpool set autotrim=on rpool and I'm happy 20.04 user :)


Adobe CS 5.5 and the most recent version of Ubuntu

If you are a diehard Adobe CS user, and that's your primary/exclusive reason to use your computer, moving to Ubuntu will be VERY stressful. Can you get Adobe to more-or-less run on wine? Sure. But you will no doubt have glitches, bugs, and crashes to work through. All that In addition to learning a new OS and possibly working out some os-hardware issues.

I love Ubuntu and don't want you to dissuade you from coming over "to the dark side."  But you need to be in it for the right reasons. "OSX feels like Windows and I want a better way to run Adobe CS" isn't the typical use case.


On 13.10, wifi gets detected but unable to connect

Taking a lot of assumptions here, because you haven't really given a lot of information, I think that your WiFi card is Ralink RT3290.

I had the same problem and fought hard to fix this.

There are numerous fixes, I tried them, and none worked, finally found one which was the easiest and worked flawlessly, and yes, that involves upgrading your kernel.

Here, this will help:

https://askubuntu.com/a/377973/216304


How can I hide the launcher when I press Super + S?

I know I'm answering my own question, but if anyone else is wondering how to do this, I discovered with a little tinkering that you can do this with the Compiz configuration settings manager.

In ccsm, under 'Expo' (what this thing is apparently called), there is an option in the 'Appearance' tab to 'Hide Panels/Docks'. Checking this and setting the X offset to 0 accomplishes what I wanted.

(Unfortunately, I've found that ccsm appears to be a little finicky, and it took a few restarts before this worked. I can only hope it sticks.)


I have this problem too but for me it is very simple. I just use the shortcut on my laptop keyboard to turn the monitor on and then again on(not sleep just the monitor). Than it all comes back to normal.


Why does ubuntu use swap when there is enough free memory?

The swappiness parameter controls the tendency of the kernel to move
  processes out of physical memory and onto the swap disk. Because disks
  are much slower than RAM, this can lead to slower response times for
  system and applications if processes are too aggressively moved out of
  memory.

swappiness can have a value of between 0 and 100
swappiness=0 tells the kernel to avoid swapping processes out of physical memory for as long as possible
swappiness=100 tells the kernel to aggressively swap processes out of physical memory and move them to swap cache

  The default setting in Ubuntu is swappiness=60. Reducing the default
  value of swappiness will probably improve overall performance for a
  typical Ubuntu desktop installation.

Source: SwapFaq - Ubuntu Wiki

Open the terminal and paste this in before you start virtualbox:

    sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10

Start the visualization and check whether the swap usage has decreased, if that's the case then in the terminal do the following command:

    gksu gedit /etc/sysctl.conf

It will ask you for your password, type it in and a text editor will come up on the screen, scroll all the way down and after the last line add:

    vm.swappiness=10

Save the file and restart your computer.

That should do the trick!


i-nex package throws an error with any apt-get command

Into terminal type:

sudo -H gedit /var/lib/dpkg/info/i-nex.postinst

Add exit 0 at end of file and save it.
To finish, run sudo apt-get -f install to complete the installation.

Reference: Launchpad bug 1503053


You can use Gnome Tweak Tool to use the dark theme for all the applications:

BUT

Firefox uses GTK2. Gnome Tweak Tool only edits the GTK3 settings, hence we need to edit the /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/gtk-2.0/gtkrc file.

Initially we backup our gtkrc file

sudo cp /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/gtk-2.0/gtkrc /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/gtk-2.0/gtkrc.bak

Next copy the following and replace your existing gtkrc file:

#Color scheme originally contributed by Franco Gotusso as Clearlooks-DarkOrange
# Based on Clearlooks-DarkCoffee by Chibi and edited by bvc as Clearlooks-DarkCoffee2

style "clearlooks-default"
{
  GtkMenuItem::selected_shadow_type = none
  GtkWidget::interior_focus = 1
  GtkButton::default_border = { 3, 3, 3, 3 }
  GtkButton::default_outside_border = { 3, 3, 3, 3 }
  GtkRange::trough_border = 2

  GtkWidget::focus_padding = 1

  GtkPaned::handle_size = 6

  GtkRange::slider_width = 15
  GtkRange::stepper_size = 15
  GtkScrollbar::min_slider_length = 30
  GtkCheckButton::indicator_size = 12
  GtkMenuBar::internal-padding = 0

  GtkTreeView::expander_size = 14
  GtkExpander::expander_size = 16

  GtkTreeView::odd_row_color = "#404040"

  GtkWidget::cursor_color           = "#72706E"
  GtkWidget::secondary_cursor_color = "#72706E"

  xthickness = 1
  ythickness = 1

  fg[NORMAL]        = "#d2cfcc" #Main window text
  fg[PRELIGHT]      = "#E9E9E9" #Highlighted widget text
  fg[ACTIVE]        = "#ADA59D" #Inactive widget text
  fg[SELECTED]      = "#E9E9E9"
  fg[INSENSITIVE]   = "#A18989"

  bg[NORMAL]        = "#393f3f" #Backround
  bg[PRELIGHT]      = "#3465A4" #Highlight Widget
  bg[ACTIVE]        = "#2E3232" #Selected Widget
  bg[SELECTED]      = "#3465A4" #The box words are usually in
  bg[INSENSITIVE]   = "#282B2B" #Not active buttons
  base[NORMAL]      = "#4F524F" #Text area widgets
  base[PRELIGHT]    = "#313131" #Check and radio button background
  base[ACTIVE]      = "#313636" #Unfocused Select
  base[SELECTED]    = "#2F4C6D" #Selected Text area item, and that bar over the tabs.
  base[INSENSITIVE] = "#f5f2ee" #

  text[NORMAL]      = "#EEEEEC" #Text area widget text.
  text[PRELIGHT]    = "#E9E9E9" #
  text[ACTIVE]      = "#ADA59D" #
  text[SELECTED]    = "#E9E9E9" #Selected Text area widget text.
  text[INSENSITIVE] = "#757575" #

engine "clearlooks"
   {
    #    sunkenmenubar      = 1       # 0 = disable, 1 = enable
    #    menuitemstyle      = 1       # 0 = flat, 1 = 3d-ish (button)
    #    listviewitemstyle  = 1       # 0 = flat, 1 = 3d-ish (gradient)
    #    progressbarstyle   = 0       # 0 = candy bar, 1 = flat
  }
}

style "clearlooks-wide" = "clearlooks-default"
{
  xthickness = 2
  ythickness = 2
  bg[NORMAL]   = "#414141"
  bg[PRELIGHT] = "#494949"
}

style "clearlooks-button" = "clearlooks-wide"
{
  bg[NORMAL]   = "#414141"
  bg[PRELIGHT] = "#494949"
}

style "clearlooks-notebook" = "clearlooks-wide"
{
  bg[NORMAL] = "#404040"
  bg[ACTIVE] = "#303030"
}

style "clearlooks-tasklist" = "clearlooks-default"
{
  xthickness = 5
  ythickness = 3
}

style "clearlooks-menu" = "clearlooks-default"
{
  xthickness = 2
  ythickness = 1
  bg[NORMAL] = "#404040"
}

style "clearlooks-menu-item" = "clearlooks-default"
{
  xthickness = 2
  ythickness = 3
  fg[PRELIGHT]   = "#E9E9E9"
  text[PRELIGHT] = "#E9E9E9"
  base[PRELIGHT] = "#3465A4"
  base[SELECTED] = "#3465A4"
}

style "clearlooks-menu-itembar" = "clearlooks-default"
{
  xthickness = 3
  ythickness = 3
}

style "clearlooks-tree" = "clearlooks-default"
{
  xthickness = 2
  ythickness = 2
}

style "clearlooks-frame-title" = "clearlooks-default"
{
  fg[NORMAL] = "#e2dfdc"
}

style "clearlooks-panel" = "clearlooks-default"
{
  xthickness = 3
  ythickness = 3
}

style "clearlooks-tooltips" = "clearlooks-default"
{
  xthickness = 4
  ythickness = 4
  bg[NORMAL] = "#3465A4"
}

style "clearlooks-progressbar"  = "clearlooks-default"
{
  xthickness = 1
  ythickness = 1
   fg[PRELIGHT]         = "#e2dfdc"
   bg[NORMAL]           = "#2d1d11"
}

style "clearlooks-combo" = "clearlooks-default"
{
  xthickness = 1
  ythickness = 2
  fg[NORMAL]            = "#141414"
  fg[PRELIGHT]          = "#ed7013"
  fg[ACTIVE]            = "#e2dfdc"
  bg[NORMAL]            = "#414141"
  bg[PRELIGHT]          = "#494949"
}

style "clearlooks-scrollbar" = "clearlooks-default"
{
  fg[NORMAL]            = "#141414"
  fg[PRELIGHT]          = "#e2dfdc"
  fg[ACTIVE]            = "#e2dfdc"
  bg[NORMAL]            = "#414141"
  bg[PRELIGHT]          = "#494949"
}

style "clearlooks-spin" = "clearlooks-wide"
{
  fg[NORMAL]            = "#141414"
  fg[PRELIGHT]          = "#e2dfdc"
  fg[ACTIVE]            = "#e2dfdc"
  bg[PRELIGHT]          = "#414141"
  bg[ACTIVE]            = "#494949"
}

class "GtkWidget" style "clearlooks-default"
class "GtkRange" style "clearlooks-wide"
class "GtkFrame" style "clearlooks-wide"
class "GtkSpinButton" style "clearlooks-spin"
class "GtkStatusbar" style "clearlooks-wide"
class "GtkMenu" style "clearlooks-menu"
class "GtkMenuItem" style "clearlooks-menu-item"
widget_class "*MenuItem.*" style "clearlooks-menu-item"
class "GtkEntry" style "clearlooks-wide"
widget_class "*.tooltips.*.GtkToggleButton" style "clearlooks-tasklist"
widget_class "*.GtkTreeView.GtkButton" style "clearlooks-tree"
widget_class "*.GtkCTree.GtkButton" style "clearlooks-tree"
widget_class "*.GtkList.GtkButton" style "clearlooks-tree"
widget_class "*.GtkCList.GtkButton" style "clearlooks-tree"
widget_class "*.GtkFrame.GtkLabel" style "clearlooks-frame-title"
widget_class "BasePWidget.GtkEventBox.GtkTable.GtkFrame" style "clearlooks-panel"
widget "gtk-tooltips" style "clearlooks-tooltips"
class "GtkNotebook" style "clearlooks-notebook"
class "GtkProgressBar" style "clearlooks-progressbar"
widget_class "*.GtkComboBox.GtkButton" style "clearlooks-combo"
widget_class "*.GtkCombo.GtkButton" style "clearlooks-combo"
class "GtkButton" style "clearlooks-button"
class "GtkScrollbar" style "clearlooks-scrollbar"


Create an img file with Ubuntu hard disk info

There are loads of scripts that create an ISO files from your installed Ubuntu system (most distros based on Ubuntu have their own even if just forks of a prior one)

But in the past at an non-profit, we'd just use dd to clone one drive and have the output write to [up-to] 8 drives at once as we did lots of cloning.  These disks would then be installed in a 'being-built' system, booted & tested (with fine tuning if they required additional drives due to nvidia or different cards)

The command was something like

cat image-16.04-20161007 | tee >(dd of=/dev/sda) >(dd of=/dev/sdb) .... | dd of=/dev/sdh

but the best option is whatever works for you...

Our cloning was done on a motherboard (box not in a box) that just did the cloning.. when it died, we'd replace it modifying it the number of drives the new 'board' could handle


Why does it take 5-10 minutes to mount an external HDD?

5-10 minutes seems exceedingly slow!

Do you have USB Legacy support turned on in your BIOS? (If yes, turn off!)
Can you provide the output for:

fdisk -l
df --human


Yes, you can install tally on ubuntu. I too was facing the problem. Here, I will tell you what to do.

Install wine (wine is used to install windows software on Linux O/S)
Download tally executable file (.exe) file from the internet.
Then open terminal and type wine nameOfTallyExecutableFile.exe and hit enter
and then you are good to go.

NOTE :
~ if you are trying to install it using wine command and it shows error that it cannot find the file then here is what you need to do. remove the spaces that are present in the .exe file name e.g if it is Tally Erp .exe you have to change it to tallyerp.exe or just rename it to tally.exe
~ Second error that I Encounter was it was showing me  Out of memory  Use native 64 bit null, Here is what to do, you just need to connect your pc to internet and run the file again it will run.


need help for my parts in snapcraft.yaml

Add all the packages whose contents you want shipped as part of your snap in stage-packages:.

Take a look at https://github.com/ubuntu/snappy-playpen for some more apps and how they were put together.


Installing Ubuntu on RAID with LVM, failed to boot

Ubuntu can't boot from a software raid in my experience. You need to create a non-raid partition to install GRUB to. Format the partition as fat32 and set boot flag.


Why does the Slack app think I'm British?

This turned out to be a Slack bug. I addressed it by removing myspell-en_AU but the real fix is for Slack to fix their code. They're working on that.


Create startup disk for windows 8.1 inside Ubuntu 14.01

If I was you I'd start with windows and than set up a dual boot for Ubuntu...Never heard anyone to it the other way around...When you install Ubuntu it will warn you that the HDD or SSD will be losing all data...So no one can help with this, dunno about the other guy's issue but your's seems to be, well your own fault...Don't stress windows is free now so just download a new OS and start over...Maybe when you have that set up do it the right way.

Anyway this isn't going to help you much...I'll check for a link...Bet there's not a change in hell Ubuntu has the set up for that sadly...As I thought...START OVER...Ubuntu isn't a joke, people seem to forget that a lot these days.


Error when using apt-get install to install something on Ubuntu 16.04

Looks like you have a package in an inconsistent state which prevents you from installing anything.

You could try answers in this question, replacing linux-headers-3.0.0-19 with jdk1.8.0-101, see if it helps.

It's probably a good idea to reinstall the package properly afterwards (chances are something depends on it ...)


How do I remove the Ubuntu entry from the boot menu?

I think your pc is UEFI, where your Ubuntu EFI Boot Entry is still there. Search for a tool like efibootmgr for your Windows OS to remove Ubuntu EFI boot entry from EFI Boot List.


Battery Indicator Missing, Cannot Install Because No JDK 7

The problem is that you got some mixed repositories. Do this:

sudo rename -n 's/\.list$/.list.disable/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f remove oracle-java7-installer
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt-get install indicator-power

The first line disable any repository that aren't the official, the second updates the package list, the fourth tries to repair any error, the final install the package.


How to automate starting terminal instances for specific tasks

Since you're clicking the Terminal icon, I assume you're using gnome-terminal.

I got a list of options by using gnome-terminal --help at the command line and reading from there.

Building on maco's answer, I might suggest something like this:

gnome-terminal --window --title=Log -e "tail -f /var/log/syslog" --window --title=Output --working-directory=output --window --active --title=Dev --working-directory=dev/project

This example starts three windows (though you could pass --tab for tabs) and sets the working directories (relative to home) and titles for each, starts the tail command in one and makes the third window active.

Of course you may prefer to use separate lines to launch each window, particularly if you have many arguments.

Another useful thing to do, once you have your windows arranged to your liking, is to use

gnome-terminal --save-config=FILE

This creates a configuration file with information on all open terminal windows and tabs (including the titles, working directories, and so forth). Launching gnome-terminal with the --load-config option will then recreate your layout.

A lot of developers who work with multiple terminals like to use Terminator as it adds features such as a grid layout and keyboard shortcuts.


Moving Grub to a new drive to get rid of Windows

I have done a trail with my dummy practical computer with one hdd and one ssd.

I assume, you have installed windows in UEFI boot mode with gpt partitioning type on your hdd. sda.

Since mine is a dummy practical computer, I don't need to worry about backup. I do recommend you to take backup.

I have not considered sdc for separate home partition as I don't have other drive free.

Procedure:
Log on with live session of Ubuntu.

Here are my sda-1tb hdd and sdb-120gb ssd.
I have windows10 on sda and Ubuntu18.04.1 on sdb. Grub is on sda.

You can see windows10 is installed in device sda with EFI partition on sda2. This is what controlling the grub now.

Important: this partition sda2 has UUID matched with the text in the file /etc/fstab on device sdb.

As we are going to format sda. We need to create EFI System Partition on sdb. sdb has only one partition sdb1. We have to create a EFI partition at start of the disk.

Now we got unallocated space of 100mb at start of disk sdb.
In order to install grub on this we need it in FAT32 format with boot and esp flags.

Here if you observe, we have created 100mb EFI partition at the start of the disk. which should be named as sdb1. but gparted still shows it as sdb2. to sort out this
run sudo sgdisk -s /dev/sdb

Now delete the EFI partition (sda2) on sda or you can format entire device sda.

Now we need to install grub on /dev/sdb.

Procedure:

sudo mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt  # mounting root partition. (sdb2 is the ext4 /)
for i in /sys /proc /run /dev; do sudo mount --bind "$i" "/mnt$i"; done
(binding the required folders).
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/boot/efi  # sdb1 is the EFI partition on sdb.
sudo chroot /mnt
update-grub
grub-install /dev/sdb
update-grub
exit

Now we need to know the UUID of freshly created EFI Partition (sdb1) on device sdb.

Open "Disks" app.
Copy the UUID of sdb1.
Open the fstab file.
sudo nano /mnt/etc/fstab. (note: i have used gedit, attached pics are gedit in the below).
paste the UUID at the rite place.

Save and Close.

Now reboot.


Quite possible and requires 2 steps:

Disable Super from CompizConfig Settings Manager as key for Dash
Set custom shortcut

Install CompizConfig first: sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager. Open it and navigate to Unity Plugin.

Then unset the shortcut under Launcher tab:

Finally, go to Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts -> Custom -> + button and create custom command.

Once you've clicked Apply , click on the Disabled text and press the Super key to make it now correspond to that command. All done !


Help. Steam wont work at all on Ubuntu 15.04

So after some research, I found the solution.

Open a terminal and run these commands:

rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6
rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1


youtube video is choppy, but audio plays fine

Choppy video when the audio is fine is frequently a problem of the desktop using a generic video driver that doesn't include any kind of acceleration for video playback or desktop compositing.

There are subpages here with tips and tweaks for lots of specific Acer Aspire One models, which will point you toward improving performance. Some of the information on that page may be outdated however, so if you edit your question with which specific Acer Aspire One model you have, people may be able to offer more specific help.

Good luck!


How do I get the MAC address of my router?

Don't use the obsoleted commands ifconfig(8), arp(8) or route(8).  Use the new command that replace them and can do more, ip(8).

Use ip route list to see which default router your machine have.  That should be a line wich starts with default (or 0.0.0.0) and have the IP address to the router after.  If you uses IPv6, just add the -6 switch, ip -6 route list.

default via 192.168.11.1 dev eth0  proto static

To see the MAC address of the default routers IP address, use ip neigh and look up the line with the IP address and MAC address after lladdr.

192.168.11.1 dev eth0 lladdr 1c:af:f7:XX:XX:XX REACHABLE


How to programatically temporarily prevent standby mode while particular (cron) script is running?

The second thread you linked gives two perfect solutions:

Have a loop run xdotool to cause input to prevent the system from being seen as idle
Or:

  A script in /usr/lib/pm-utils/sleep.d can check if the application is running and return 1 to indicate that suspend should be prevented.


Launcher does not reappear after auto-hide

The solution described in this question worked for me. However, you will have to reboot after doing the steps described there.

Hope it works for you!


Is there a drivers update program for Ubuntu?

In Linux, nearly all drivers are built directly into the Linux kernel and thus are upgraded every time you update the kernel.

The exceptions, such as some WiFi NIC drivers, and GPU drivers, may or may not be upgraded with an apt upgrade depending on a couple factors (such as whether or not the package is "held back"). You can control the installed version of these drivers through Software & Updates --> Additional Drivers.


In you home directory there is a folder .config inside is another folder for Openbox.
Inside it create a file titled autostart, put what ever commands you want Openbox to run in it.

Do NOT mark it executable.

It works just like a sh script. I use mine to run zenity, and give me a dialog box to choose a session. These sessions can be anything you like idesk, Cairo Dock, Docky, Steam big picture mode, or whatever your little heart desires, but remember this isn't a shell script it just works similarly.

If you want to use it in this manner you have to make other scripts to compliment it, such as a separate script to load everything for Docky, and another one for Cairo Dock, Steam etc.


Can I hide a partition in Nautilus for a specific user/group?

If you wan't to hide all files inside a specific folder remove the execute permissions on that folder for the user or group you want. That disallows them from entering the folder.

chmod g-x /path/to/folder

The g stands for 'group'. And '-x' means 'remove execute permissions'.


I'm having a similar problem in Skype 4.2.0.11 on Ubuntu Precise 12.04 LTS. Accented characters can't be composed using the compose key (nothing happens) but other characters in the same chart, like æ <compose>  a  e and ß <compose>  s  s, do work.

Typing accented characters in other ways works in Skype for me so I have to enable a way to do that. One way is to switch keyboard layout to some other layout which has these characters.

Since I have the American keyboard layout, my best option is to switch to an "American international" keyboard layout. Those layouts have accented characters on the third level, accessible by holding <right alt> (also known as Alt Gr) and type "a" for á, <Alt Gr> + e for é, <Alt Gr> + i for í and so on.

Open the Keyboard Layout settings, click the plus button to add a layout, filter the list to find a suitable candidate and choose it, click the button resembling a keyboard to see where the characters are. Repeat until you find a layout which is good enough.

The third level characters are not sufficient for me, so my choice was "international AltGr with dead keys" so I can type <Alt Gr> + `  a for à and <Alt Gr> + 6  o for ô (<Shift> + 6 is ^.)

If you don't want to make a permanent switch, you kan add a secondary layout and enabling a key to switch layout. Choosing a key "when pressed" will save you the trouble of having to toggle back to your regular layout.

To do this, go to the Keyboard Layout settings and enable a key to switch layout (when pressed.) You can optionally set your third level chooser (Alt Gr) on the same button, if your secondary layout of choice has all it's dead keys on the third level.


trying to use my desktop to put out a wifi signal other devices can connect to

There seems to be a very simple method using just networkmanager, the default network configuration tool (I'm not at a Ubuntu machine atm, so I can't check if this still applies).

If you need more advanced connection sharing, probably all information you need for this can be found on the Wiki page on Router setup. In order for Wireless to work as described on that page, your card either needs to support master mode, work in an Ad-Hoc network or connect to an already existing wireless access point.

If this is not enough information, keywords that might help you search relevant guides on the net are "masquerading", "network address translation", "NAT".


Changing your bootloader back to Windows' MBR should enable you to boot Windows as normal.

Try using Lilo.
Install Lilo by entering in the Ubuntu terminal

sudo apt-get install lilo

and once it is done installing enter this command to restore the windows boot manager:

sudo lilo -M /dev/sda mbr

Now when you boot the 1TB drive it should load Windows as normal.

Good luck


How to switch between two websites in a domain name?

With apache2 <virtualhost> directive, you can set servername, that corresponds to the domain name. So you point 2 names to same ip, and serve those from 2 virtualhosts, that are placed in different directories.

You can also specify ports to listen on virtualhost directive.

For example:

</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName pasiz.net
    ServerAlias www.pasiz.net
  DocumentRoot /var/www/www.pasiz.net/htdocs
    ServerAdmin pasiz@pasiz.net
    ErrorLog /var/www/www.pasiz.net/log/error.log
    CustomLog /var/www/www.pasiz.net/log/access.log combined
RewriteEngine on
</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>

"Virtualhost" alias Server Block for nginx:

server {
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;

        root /var/www/example.com/html;
        index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

        server_name example.com www.example.com;

        location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
        }
}

https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/examples/server_blocks/


How can I add new users to Windows 7 from Ubuntu?

I would say You actually can. But i guess this option will use Windows a little bit too.

Create a liveUSB with Ubuntu, in the moment, the actual version is 16.04.01, I don't think it really matters.
With this, you will be able to run Ubuntu on your computer.

Boot your device using your LiveUSB and open the 'try' Ubuntu version.

In the file things, get to : /'your os drive name'/Windows/System32/. If you can't find the drive, look for the drive that has the Windows file in it.

Find sethc.exe, name it sethc2.exe

find cmd.exe. Make a backup copy (I have to say i have installed the whole ubuntu thing, i was kind of deseperate .. hahaha)

Rename cmd.exe as sethc.exe. Good to go, let's restart the engine!

So now when you will open Windows, when you get to the log in page, press Shift multiple times, and the command prompt should appear.

Then, the fun part :

Create a new windows user acount from that command prompt  : net user [Name] [password] /ADD

for example : net user Gege 123 /ADD

If you want to go without any password : net user Gege "" /ADD

and then if you want to make it 'administrator' here are the magic words :

net localgroup administrators [Name] /ADD

For me it would be : net localgroup administrators Gege /ADD

I hope this can help.


It looks like you can implement this through the standard Linux authentication system (called pam - Pluggable Authentication Modules). This (amongst other things) is responsible for checking if users can log in.

Within the pam system, there's a module called pam_time, which allows you to set restrictions for logins based on the time of day. This is controlled by the file /etc/security/time.conf.

Something like this could work:

login;tty*;!kjo;Wd1500-2000

- to prevent everyone except the kjo user from logging-in (ie, using the login service, on any tty* terminal) from 3pm to 8pm on weekdays. Be careful though, I haven't tested this!

There is quite a bit of documentation about the configuration format in the /etc/security/time.conf file, and check the pam_time and time.conf manual pages for more information:

man pam_time
man time.conf

Once you've configured time.conf to your liking, you'll need to uncomment the following line in your /etc/pam.d/login.conf:

account requisite pam_time.so


Make .jar executable on Chrubuntu via command

The minecraft.jar file is actually just a launcher, it downloads the neccessary files for minecraft and puts them in the .minecraft folder of your home directory.
I'm also running minecraft in chrubuntu, and it works fine. Looking at the file I downloaded, it is actually called "Minecraft.jar" (capital M), so make sure that your file is actually called "minecraft.jar".

The jar file does not require executable permissions (it only has rw permissions on my system).
Try moving the file to your home folder, make sure that it is called "minecraft.jar", start a new terminal window and run

java -jar minecraft.jar

If that does not work, make sure that your user owns the file. If your username is "myuser" type

sudo chown myuser:myuser minecraft.jar
chmod +r minecraft.jar

to make sure that the file is owned my you, and that it is readable.

To make sure that the file is actually there, type

ls -la minecraft.jar

which would print something like this

-rw-rw-r-- 1 myuser myuser 280212 mar 15 16:44 minecraft.jar

If everything else fails, try downloading the file again. Good luck.


Dual-boot Windows 7 Ultimate 64-bit and Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS 64-bit on Crucial MX100 512GB SSD

If you're going to install Ubuntu alongside Windows 7 then there is no need to wait for Ubuntu. You can go ahead and install Windows 7 on the hard drive and when you install Ubuntu 14.04 make sure you choose 'Install Ubuntu alongside Windows 7' and at that point you can set the size of the Linux partition.


It depends what you what. If you want all local users, including system users, then it's just the list in /etc/passwd so:
wc -l /etc/passwd

will give you the total number.
Perhaps you prefer to exclude users who have false or nologin set as their shell? In that case:
grep -vE 'false|nologin' /etc/passwd | wc -l

(you can run that command without the | wc -l to see if it looks like the list you'd expect)


Instead of reversing the the shadow- file, why not just do:

usermod -p `mkpasswd -H md5 passwordText` user

if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    echo "Changing password failed!!!!!!"
fi

You could replace whatever you want in the if block, but if a command ever fails for usermod it'll return a non-zero status.


My favorite software for such tasks is FreFileSync (http://sourceforge.net/projects/freefilesync/), "a folder comparison and synchronization tool providing highly optimized performance and usability without a needlessly complex user interface."

Ubuntu package and installation instructions can found here: http://launchpad.net/freefilesync

Launch the terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run these commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:freefilesync/ffs
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install freefilesync

OR
You can also have a look at the answers (e.g. rsync) here: How to automatically archive a directory?


how to use my internet 3G of my blackberry with my computer?

Many phones support what's called USB tethering which essentially means that the phone shares its Internet connection with whatever USB host it is attached to. I'm not familiar with Blackberry devices, but USB tethering is a keyword you can search for in the manual and in the phone's settings.

For reference, USB tethering was deliberately left out of the iPhone for several years (although it could be done by "jailbreak" it), but eventually Apple realized that it's a smart feature to offer. Android also offers USB tethering, so I'm sure that Blackberry can do it too.

Look in your phone's network settings for something you can turn on.

After that, the computer should be able to detect the shared Internet and just use it. Look in System Settings > Network.


Is there a modern and clear tutorial on setting up SSL for localhost / testing use?

At least on Ubuntu 12.10, it's crazy simple now.

sudo a2ensite default-ssl && sudo a2enmod ssl && sudo service apache2 restart

That's all.

Try it:

http:// localhost
https:// localhost (I can't link these due to restrictions.)
Try also with a custom domain (point anything at 127.0.0.1, like https://example.com, via /etc/hosts)

The command spits out a readme file, but it's not really necessary.

Note: It's expected to get a cautionary message from the browser when accessing since it's a self-signed certificate.

PS: This assumes a normal and fresh-enough install the LAMP stack via tasksel install lamp-server


I have the same symptom.
did you install any display drivers?
my solution is to remove the compiz or disable composite,but without that you can not enable desktop effects.

solution 1:

 sudo apt-get remove composite

solution 2:

=====remember to backup the original files!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!=====

sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

then add:

Section "Extensions"
    Option  "Composite" "Disable"

EndSection

my laptop is using nVidia G102M,and with the method mentioned above i solved the problem.
my classmate told me that the problem may be caused by nVidia drivers
(i'm not using open-source drivers)

I hope this can help you

(my english is poor)


Giving read permission for group doesn't work

It is a quirk of UNIX.

To do ls on a directory, you need to have execute permission on the directory.

If you only have read permission, you can access the files in the directory but you have to know about them first! e.g.

As Alice:

echo "Hello Bob" > shared/hello

As Bob:

cat shared/hello

If you want Bob to be able to ls (or cd to) the common directory:

chmod 750 shared


Ubuntu LiveCD install stuck on "creating user" step

OK everyone, first things first:  if you are having consistent trouble with installing Ubuntu via DVD, I advise trying a USB installation.  My computer's BIOS did not allow USB as a boot option, so for those users in a similar boat, I would suggest the solution I found:  Plop, a special bootmanager that you can burn to CD.  After setting your computer to look to your CDrom drive first at system startup for a bootable drive, Plop will engage and allow you to select any input interface (hard drive, USB port, CDrom, etc.) to boot from.

I did this and found I was still having trouble at the "Create User" step when installing Ubuntu, even from USB.  I did a bit of research, and I think I saw somewhere that configuring your installation settings to "encrypt your home folder" could cause issues...I'm not sure if that's due to a bug or if it's because of some users' large home-folder size.  Anyway, I disabled that option on a second attempt, and amazingly, everything worked like a charm!


The printer is supported. Use the HP Tools or the CUPS web interface

CUPS web interface

Connect your printer, open the URL http://localhost:631/admin in your browser and click Add Printer

HP Tools

sudo apt-get install hplip hplip-gui

Connect your printer, start HPLIP Toolbox and add your printer


Failed to install Gnome-Shell-Extensions: Missing Separator

about gnome-shell-extensions, it is better to install gnome-tweak-tool and then open https://extensions.gnome.org in web browser and add your favorite extensions just by one click!


First of all, you don't need to escape spaces, and you don't need to put parens inside an OR expression. So the regex from your comment simplifies to (.+ | |^)Lastname.

Now, the space is the important part, so it further simplifies to ( |^)Lastname, which is practically equivalent to \bLastname, where \b is a word boundary.

To prevent matches like LastnameABC, put another word boundary at the end: \bLastname\b. Or you could use grep option -w, which matches only whole words. These are equivalent:

grep -E '\bLastname\b'
grep -w Lastname

Credit to steeldriver and PerlDuck for suggesting these in the comments

The main problem with the regexes in your question is that the first group (.+ )? is optional because of the question mark. So ((.+ )?|^.) simplifies to (|^.). Now because the first part of the OR is null, the whole thing is effectively null. So (|^.)Lastname simplifies to just Lastname.


An Intel GPU would fit your constraints, but Intel doesn't produce any discrete hardware, so it's only an option if you're buying a new motherboard or CPU.

Why are you discounting nVidia and ATi hardware?  They're basically the only discrete GPU hardware vendors, and you're unlikely to find any hardware cheaper than a low-end ATi GPU (for example, this Radeon 3450 from newegg).  It's difficult to find second hand hardware as cheap as that once you include shipping.

All modern ATi and nVidia hardware will drive two displays.  The only thing you need to look out for is the type of connectors - if you've got two DVI monitors, you'll need to ensure any card you buy has two digital outputs.

I'd recommend an ATi graphics card - the open source drivers are generally good, and AMD releases the documentation so new cards can be supported reasonably quickly.  I bought a Radeon 4350 card for about $30 and it works flawlessly with Ubuntu 10.10, including compiz.

Additionally, if you want to go for more than two monitors, ATi “Eyefinity” cards can support up to 6 monitors - although all but one have to either connect using DisplayPort or use DVI and an active DisplayPort→DVI connector.


Wired Connection occasionally disconnects Ubuntu 20.04.1

From the comments...
The Internet disappears, however the NetworkManager icon in the System Tray still shows its normal icon. (So it doesn't appear to be a MSI interrupt problem).
The user is using a CAT6 ethernet cable, and does show a 1G connection when viewed with lshw -C network.
The current configuration is using the stock r8169 driver, which is known to have the same problem as in the question.
We replace the r8169 driver by installing dkms and r8168-dkms and rebooting. We then observe to see if the problem is fixed.
Update #1:
On the chance that this IS a MSI/MSI-X problem, try this script...
#!/bin/sh

# https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1779817

# filename: r8169_disable_msi

# Drop it in /etc/initramfs-tools/scripts/init-top and chmod a+x it. Add 'r8169_disable_msi'
# to your kernel command line (/etc/default/grub, GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
# usually.)

# Remember to update-initramfs and update-grub as necessary.

# sudo update-initramfs -c -k $(uname -r)
# sudo update-grub
# reboot

# For the moment it disables MSI on everything with the ID 0x10ec:0x8168, as there seems to
# be no way to get the MAC version from userspace - and certainly not before the driver is
# loaded. Other PCI IDs may need adding..

PREREQ=""
prereqs()
{
    echo "$PREREQ"
}
case $1 in
# get pre-requisites
prereqs)
    prereqs
    exit 0
    ;;
esac

disable_msi () {
    for i in /sys/bus/pci/devices/*; do
        if [ $(cat $i/vendor) = "0x10ec" -a $(cat $i/device) = "0x8168" ]; then
            echo 0 >$i/msi_bus
        fi
    done
}

for x in $(cat /proc/cmdline); do
        case ${x} in
        r8169_disable_msi)
        disable_msi
        break
                ;;
        esac
done


You can find this information easily! Using the method in a good answer by @rpadovani leads one to:

http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/changelogs/pool/main/a/apache2/apache2_2.4.7-1ubuntu4.5/changelog

and a simple search (I used "-0226") gets us to:

apache2 (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.1) trusty-security; urgency=medium

 ...

 * SECURITY UPDATE: denial of service via race in mod_status
   - debian/patches/CVE-2014-0226.patch: fix race by adding
     ap_copy_scoreboard_worker() to include/scoreboard.h,
     modules/generators/mod_status.c, modules/lua/lua_request.c,
     server/scoreboard.c.
  - CVE-2014-0226


I still get blackscreen even after nomodeset

Possibly this is the reason as discussed in No version of Ubuntu can be installed with any Skylake 6th generation Intel processor post.

Here is the solution as suggested by Pilot6

Boot with nomodeset boot parameter as it is described in this answer.

You will be able to install Ubuntu. After you do it, the system will probably won't boot again.

You will have to get to grub menu by pressing Shift or ESC button and enter nomodeset again.

Then  install 4.3 kernel. It can be done this way. Run in terminal:

mkdir ~/linux-4.3
cd ~/linux-4.3
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.3-wily/linux-headers-4.3.0-040300-generic_4.3.0-040300.201511020949_amd64.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.3-wily/linux-headers-4.3.0-040300_4.3.0-040300.201511020949_all.deb
wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.3-wily/linux-image-4.3.0-040300-generic_4.3.0-040300.201511020949_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i *.deb

and reboot. I hope the system will boot without the nomodeset parameter.

Notice: The kernel will not get updates. You will need to install them manually from Mainline kernel PPA.


The command you are after is:

vlc --reset-config --reset-plugins-cache

Run this from a Terminal window and this will reset vlc to its installation defaults...


Is there a recommended default iptables setup?

It is fantastic that you are interested in iptables.

As you can see, however, there is a bit of a learning curve.

The basics are

All services listen on ports. One analogy would be an apartment complex, your ports are analogous to apartment numbers.

Common ports are

FTP - 21

SSH - 22

Apache - HTTP 80 ; HTTPS 443

You can get a complete list of ports from a google search or /etc/services

This might help as well

https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/serverguide/C/index.html

From there, enter iptables. As a firewall, iptables is one way of limiting access.

Basically you have 3 broad options.

Public servers, ie apache. Here you will allow all traffic and blacklist bad acting IP (spammers)
Private servers, ie ssh. Here you will deny all traffic and white list authorized connections.
Limit. You may allow ping, but only at a certain rate.

If you are new to iptables, you may wish to start with ufw. ufw is a command line front end to iptables and is easier to learn. The syntax is very similar to iptables so it is easy to transition from ufw to iptables.

See:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UFW

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/IptablesHowTo

That information should get you started. If you have a problem, feel free to ask a more specific question.

I also have an introductory page to iptables if you like. I have maintained it over the years with feedback from people new to iptables, hope it helps.

http://bodhizazen.com/Tutorials/iptables


Google Chrome stopped working - NSS version issue

After several hours I got it, just to let you know.

I was doing this:

sudo apt-get install libnss3
sudo apt-get update

as stated in other answers but nothing.

You need to upgrade Ubuntu first. I have now 16.04 LTS

Then, if apt-get update returns errors, you need to purge old library

sudo apt-get purge libappstream3

And then so run those commands:

sudo apt-get install libnss3
sudo apt-get update

Now google chrome works


How to change default file/folder permission of specific user?

You edit the user file-creation mode mask (umask) of that user.
There are several ways to do this, one way would be to add umask xxx (xxx is your desired umask) to your ~/.profile and relog. This won't affect already existing files though.

See Wikipedia umask for information about umask and how to calculate one.


this worked on Ubuntu 16.04, x86_64 Kernel 4.12 (4.12.0-041200-generic)

Change to the Virtualbox source directory

cd /usr/share/virtualbox/src

get this patch and place it in /usr/share/virtualbox/src

sudo wget http://paste.siduction.org/20170629003423

apply patch

sudo patch -Np0 < 20170629003423

run vboxconfig by executing

/sbin/vboxconfig

have fun!

source: https://forum.siduction.org/index.php?topic=6769.0 plus my own experience


Weird screen flicker/tearing while using 75hz on AMD GPU

A good explanation on arch wiki: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/AMDGPU#Screen_artifacts_and_frequency_problem

To quickly temporarily (you'll have to run command every boot) fix the problem run in terminal:
echo 'low' | sudo tee /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_dpm_force_performance_level

OR
echo 'high' | sudo tee  sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_dpm_force_performance_level

To fix it permanently (this will work even after reboots):

Run in terminal:
echo '[Unit]
Description=Fix amd flickering on high Hz monitors.
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/amdfix_script.sh
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target' | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/amdfix_service.service

Run in terminal:
sudo chmod 644 /etc/systemd/system/amdfix_service.service

Run in terminal (change 'low' to 'high' if you want. Personally  I choose 'low': gpu is less noisy and I don't see any performance decrease.):
echo '#!/bin/bash
echo 'low' | sudo tee /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_dpm_force_performance_level' | sudo tee /usr/bin/amdfix_script.sh

Run in terminal:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/amdfix_script.sh

Run in terminal:
sudo systemctl enable amdfix_service.service

Run in terminal:
sudo systemctl start amdfix_service.service

To check if its working run in terminal:
sudo systemctl status amdfix_service.service

the output should have text "amdfix_service.service: Succeeded."
All done.

To change performance level after you did all the steps, run command inside "3)" step again with wanted performance level 'low' or 'high'
And then run
sudo systemctl restart amdfix_service.service


You don't use a specific OS to remove that particular OS for installing a different OS.  You use the procedures of the new OS to manage what you want to do with your drive.

You don't use Windows to remove Windows to install Ubuntu.  You'd best use Ubuntu's installation disk to remove Windows and install Ubuntu.

You don't use Ubuntu to remove Ubuntu to install Windows.  You'd best use Windows installation disk to manage/remove Ubuntu... and proceed with what you want to do with your drive, including deleting partitions and formatting the way you want it.

You don't use Ubuntu to remove Ubuntu to install CentOS.  You'd best use the CentOS install disk to delete Ubuntu and manage your disk such as delete partitions, create partitions, and so on.

If you don't have the install disk for your other OS (in this case, I see you do have your install disk for CentOS), you could boot to the Ubuntu Live Disk, run Gparted and delete the Ubuntu partition.

Rather than looking for your Live Ubuntu disk to work with CentOS, it might be simpler for you to use their Disk Management tools and procedure for deleting any unwanted partitions and proceeding with your intended install.

The details would best be provided by the support channel of the OS you are moving to.


Ubuntu Server how to upgrade to 12.04.3 with kernel 3.8 from 12.04.2 with kernel 3.5?

The document you were looking for was probably the LTS Enablement Stacks article.

You don't necessarily have to wait for a LTS-point-release update to install the newer kernel from the latest non-LTS-release. The kernel is published in the LTS repository usually a few weeks or months (To the experts: Is there a specific release schedule I don't know about?) after the non-LTS is finally released and available via meta packages following this scheme:

linux-generic-lts-quantal
linux-generic-lts-raring
linux-generic-lts-saucy
...

or install the linux-hwe-generic package to get the latest HWE kernel.


How to increase the disk space of Ubuntu installed besides dual boot without using WUBI?

If you need to reduce the size of your Windows partition, I recommend doing this in Windows.

To re-size your Ubuntu partition, I recommend using Ubuntu live CD/DVD/USB and Gparted Partition Editor. When you're at it you can also re-size other partitions although you can do in from the installed Ubuntu as well.


How do I set NetBeans as the default for .java files?

Can I associate a file type with NetBeans to be able to open files of that type from File Explorer?

http://wiki.netbeans.org/FaqCliOpen

Yes, you can. Just pass the name of the file to be opened as the only argument in your command line interface.

For example:
netbeans MyFile.java

The same command can be used to create an association for files of specific types in the file manager (below)

You can also use the explicit --open option for clarity, and pass more than one file; for example, on Unix:
find src -name \*.java -print0 | xargs -0 netbeans --open

If there is an instance of the IDE already running, the file will simply open in this instance and the command will exit. You may need to pass the --userdir option to match the user directory of the running IDE.

In addition, you can specify the line at which the file should open (line numbers start at 1):
netbeans Something.java:55


Here's a basic idea how to evaluate them.

Take a big tarball of the kind you usually work with. Compress it with bzip2, pbzip2, lbzip2. Measure the (wall clock) times and save all the outputs in different files. This will give you three times and three file sizes.

Then iterate over all three output files (ie. the compression outputs of bzip2, pbzip2, lbzip2), and decompress each with all three utilities (bzip2, pbzip2, and lbzip2). This will give you further nine times.

Re-run the twelve tests under some profiler and get a peak memory usage (virtual and RSS) for each. Again, this will yield 12 values. (If your Linux is configured to no overcommit, then you're interested in VSZ. Otherwise you care about RSS).

Make a table with 12 rows for these data points -- col1: 3 compressed sizes, col2: 3 compression times / 9 decompression times, col3: 12 peak mems -- and choose what suits you best. You should factor in how often you compress vs. how often you decompress.

I use lbzip2-0.23, but I wrote it, so it doesn't count.

Finally, no matter which one proves best for you, always save a checksum of the uncompressed tarball, plus verify your saved file before declaring the backup "done".

FILES=...
OUTDIR=/mnt/archive
BZ2_UTIL=...

(
  tar -c -- $FILES \
  | tee >(sha256sum >"$OUTDIR"/myfiles.tar.sha256) \
  | pv -c -N plain 2>/dev/tty \
  | "$BZ2_UTIL" \
  | pv -c -N compr 2>/dev/tty \
  > "$OUTDIR"/myfiles.tar.bz2
) 2>"$OUTDIR"/myfiles.err

"$BZ2_UTIL" -dc -- "$OUTDIR"/myfiles.tar.bz2 \
| sha256sum -c -- "$OUTDIR"/myfiles.tar.sha256


Does the Ubuntu 13.04 disk image fit on a CD?

You can't burn Ubuntu 13.04, or 12.10 ISO to a CD  without first modifying the ISO.  It would only fit on a DVD, since the ISO file size is almost 800MB.  What you can do is make a bootable USB flash drive.

You can use UNetbootin to create the USB.  For more information on how to install Ubuntu, and other ways that you can create bootable media for installation see Install Ubuntu 13.04


telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Network is unreachable

Many ISPs will block connections to port 25 as an anti-spam measure. My ISP (Cox) does this, only allowing connections to their own mail servers on port 25. For other email services, an alternate port has to be used which may necessitate the use of SSL or TLS rather than an open connection like port 25 gives you.

Have a look at your ISP's website specifically regarding port 25.

First try connecting to your ISP's email servers if available using port 25. If that works, it's probably an ISP restriction.

As a test, you can play around with netcat a bit:

sudo nc -l -p 25

Then in a new terminal, try a telnet connection to localhost:25. If the things you type are reflected in netcat, then it's again possible that it's a restriction on your ISP.

To further test and validate this, you can set up a port forward in your router for port 25 to your current PC and then attempt the same netcat trick. Instead, though, telnet to your public IP, port 25. If this fails, then it's almost surely an ISP restriction.

Note: many ISPs use this practice -- including mobile providers such as Verizon. So, just because it didn't work on a tethered connection either doesn't mean it's not an ISP problem.

Solution

It's possible to connect to Gmail in plain text (no secure negotiation) on port 587. Therefore, you should see that telnet smtp.gmail.com 587 works just fine!


Hunter,

What they mean by that is that other installed programs will save their "how-to" documentation in the /usr/share/doc/ directory. For instance, if you want more information on the built-in firewall known as "iptables", you would go to /usr/share/doc/iptables/. Unfortunately, not all programs come with a man page or how-to pages.


Configuring mongo DB to work with NTFS drive

Having replicated this myself, it appears that using the mount options you specify allows the mongodb user to write to the NTFS volume, but there is something specific that MongoDB is trying to do with the files that is not permitted by these options; perhaps it cannot set the umask or ownership on its files exactly how it wants to.

The solution is to use the permissions option when mounting the NTFS volume rather than specifying the owner explicitly. See the ntfs-3g man page for further details.

So /etc/fstab would look like this:

UUID=B400515500512022 /media/B400515500512022 ntfs-3g defaults,locale=en_US.UTF-8,permissions 0 0

On a fresh NTFS volume mounted at /media/B400515500512022, you can then run:

sudo mkdir /media/B400515500512022/mongodb
sudo chown mongodb:mongodb /media/B400515500512022/mongodb

before running:

sudo -u mongodb mongod --dbpath /media/B400515500512022/mongodb

You may wish to check that this does not cause problems when accessing the files from Windows.


Questions on Loop Devices and Mounting a Disk Image

In the first command, the 512 number is referring to the block size of the image. When a file is written to a disk, it uses x amount of blocks. The remainder of any block not used is wasted space. This is why you sometimes see things listed as size (actual size of the file, folder, etc) and size on disk (amount of space actually taken up on disk, allowing for block size mismatch. Take, for example a 1234 byte file, if we were using 512 byte blocks, then it would actually take up 3 blocks, or 1536 bytes (512 * 3) and 302 bytes (1536 - 1234) bytes would be "wasted".

The loop0 is a loopback device. All files under /dev are actually devices (hence the name :-)). Linux treats devices as files which makes it very easy to accomplish some things when dealing with hardware. i.e. the following command will send an audio file directly to the soundcard to play (no software needed, neat!)

cat sound.wav > /dev/audio

Loopback devices are special pseudo or fake devices that Linux uses in cases like yours. What you are saying in that command is that you want Linux to treat your image file as a hard drive. This allows you to run any command that you would normally run on a hard drive, on your image file.

For the last command, we are simply mounting the file system on your fake drive (your image file) to a location on the local filesystem. With Linux, we use a flat directory structure, which is why every file location (including devices, network drives and external hard drives, etc) begins with '/', which is also referred to as the root of the filesystem. Mounting a filesystem simply puts it in a place accessible tot he rest of the system (somewhere under /).

Now, by default only a user called "root" can mount filesystems. The root user is basically the same as an administrator user on Windows. Someone who can do anything on the computer. In Ubuntu, the root user is hidden for security, so we need to use sudo. The sudo command, basically means "hey, make me the root user to run this one command".

mount here is the command that we are running as root (sudo), /dev/loop0 is our fake drive we created earlier, and /mnt is the location that we want the image to be accessible at. /mnt and /media are the standard locations in Linux where we mount filesystems, although this can be anywhere you want. It is best practice to create subfolder under /mnt or /media to mount to, instead of just /mnt. This is because you may have other filesystems mounted there, and if you mount over top of them, they will not be accessible! The only caveat to this, is that you need root privileges to create a folder here, so your last command should really be two commands, and look like this:

sudo mkdir /mnt/myimg
sudo mount /dev/loop0 /mnt/myimg

mkdir is just the command to make a directory.


Setting up a network between a host and guest virtual machine

The reason you're not able to scp/ssh is your Guest and Host machines are currently on separate networks. The Guest machine is currently NAT'd to the host network so that it may access the internet. Essentially you'll want to set up another network adapter on the Guest VM.

  It should also be noted that the 10.0.2.* subnet is local to your VBox config and is the NAT'd address of the machine. Do not disable this device. The 192.168.. subnet is IP space allocated for internal/personal networks.

To do this:

Shut down Guest VM
In VBox preferences, select Network and "Adapter 2." Enable it and set "Attached-to" to "Host-Only Adapter"
Power on Guest VM. Run the following command:

$ sudo ifconfig eth1

  Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
  inet addr:192.168.56.101 Bcast:192.168.56.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
  inet6 addr: XXXX::XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX/64 Scope:Link
  UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
  RX packets:296 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
  TX packets:237 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
  collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
  RX bytes:32116 (31.3 KiB) TX bytes:37642 (36.7 KiB)

Now you'll need to edit /etc/network/interfaces. Change the address to your base IP address.

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.56.101
netmask 255.255.255.0

You should now be able to ssh/scp back and forth between your host and guest machine using the correct IP addresses. (Note, it will not be the IP from eth0)

From the host machine to guest machine:

  $  ssh user@192.168.56.101 (change this to whatever the guest IP address is)

Success!


Keyboard/mouse stopped working after 12.04 upgrade

I don't know if this qualifies as an answer to your question, but I had the same problem and I solved it by upgrading further to 13.10. It was nasty for me because I had no PS/2.

I used a different system to downloaded Ubuntu 12.10 and made an install key. Then I booted my broken system off that 12.10 key. The keyboard and mouse worked, so I chose the upgrade 10 12.10. Once I upgraded and removed the 12.10 installer key, the keyboard and mouse stopped working.

But then I did the same procedure but with version 13.10. This time it worked.


Postfix: Require login before sending email

you can do it , you have to follow three steps

Provide a file, which will holds necessary information about credentials
Configure Postfix to enable SMTP AUTH for the smtp daemon
Configure Postfix to use the file with the SASL credentials

The login credentials are located in this file

/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd

for example :less /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd

[root@mail postfix]# cat /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd
mail.my-isp.org      test:testpass

Here

Hostname: mail.my-isp.org

username :test

password:testpass

Process some what huge one , for Information please visit : postfix.state-of-mind.de


Rcmdr in R 3.0.1 asks to install rgl package everyime I open Rcmdr

Found a solution. Downloaded the rgl package and kept the folder in the location where Rmdr folder is. Now Rcmdr isn't asking for installation of the rgl package anymore.


export/import gnome-terminal profile settings

After I posted the above question, I found the answer in the suggested answers:

Earlier answer: Backup GNOME-Terminal | Ask Ubuntu

synopsis:
Save settings:

dconf dump /org/gnome/terminal/ > gnome_terminal_settings_backup.txt

Load the saved settings:

dconf load /org/gnome/terminal/ < gnome_terminal_settings_backup.txt


That Input/Output error message suggests there are hardware problems (not viruses as your comments that exist on a now-deleted answer say you think is the case).

You say in those now-deleted comments that Windows also says it can't write to the drive.  This further suggests a hardware issue with the USB drive specifically.

It is almost a guarantee that this is a hardware issue, since every attempt to edit the file system (based on your comments) on any operating system results in that error or similar.

I would surmise that your USB drive is no longer functional as a usable USB stick and likely will end up not functioning at all soon enough; I would back up any data you wish to keep and replace the drive as soon as possible to prevent data loss.