The checksums of ISO and DVD should be the same.
But most optical media return more bytes than were recorded.
This alters the checksum result, of course.

You need to restrict reading from DVD to the size of the ISO,
See in
  https://www.debian.org/CD/faq/#verify
the third paragraph "The problem with the verification of written
optical media ..."

The same amount of bytes as in the ISO file must yield the
same checksum. Else the DVD is not good.


How to update Java version to 7 or 8 using the ppa link ?

Download the Oracle java from its offical website

Download Java From Official website Here

Download this

Linux x64   151.64 MB     jdk-8u5-linux-x64.tar.gz

Manually Install the JDK

#java -version

#sudo mkdir -p /usr/lib/jvm

#sudo mv jdk-8u5-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/lib/jvm

#cd /usr/lib/jvm

#sudo tar zxvf jdk-8u5-linux-x64.tar.gz

#sudo rm jdk-8u5-linux-x64.tar.gz

#ls -l

#jdk8.5

#sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk8.5/bin/javac" 1

#sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk8.5/bin/java" 1

#sudo update-alternatives --set "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk8.5/bin/javac"

#sudo update-alternatives --set "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk8.5/bin/java"

#sudo vi /etc/profile

Add the following entries to the bottom of your /etc/profile file:

#JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk8.5 PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin export JAVA_HOME export PATH

#. /etc/profile

#java -version

Replace the jdk8.5 With the version you have Downloaded


Automatically mount drive on plug using systemd

From reading man systemd.mount and man systemd.automount, it appears what you want is not possible systemd alone. Adding udev rules is the recommended solution.


“-bash: /usr/bin/: No such file or directory” for almost every command

You could login as root, but Ubuntu locks the root account by default and you have probably uninstalled the tools needed to enable it. You could possibly find a su binary and just add it to /usr/bin/su. But you would need to add all the dependencies from scratch.

You could follow the advice here and use a chroot environment with a liveCD to reinstall libc6.

I think your best bet, unless you want to spend hours scraping together tar files, is to reinstall your system and hope that you have current backups.

There is a post on serverfault about this problem. But unless you have a lot of time on your hands I would just reinstall.


Unity hotkey for minimizing current window?

In Ubuntu 12.04 Unity the shortcuts can be found in:

System Settings | Hardware | Keyboard | Shortcuts | Windows.

In a default installation the keys are the following:

Maximize: Ctrl+Super+↑
Restore: Ctrl+Super+↓
Minimize: Ctrl+Alt+0 (the keypad 0)


Created Partition but not showing up on install wizard - dual booting ubuntu 13.10 on WIndows 8

First, there's no such thing as a "partition... which is... unallocated space." A partition is, by definition, allocated space. If you deleted or shrank a partition, the result is unallocated space. Although I believe I understand your meaning in this case, miscommunication on this score can lead to a lot of wasted effort as two parties communicate at cross purposes.

Second, although it's OK to shrink partitions in Windows in preparation for installing Linux, you should never create a partition using the Windows tools with the intention of using it in Linux. Doing so may work if you're lucky, but if you're not lucky, Windows will implement its proprietary Logical Disk Manager (LDM) system, and you'll have to jump through hoops to undo this change before you can install Linux. I don't believe this accounts for your problem, but it bears mentioning.

My suspicion is that you're using an older Master Boot Record (MBR) partitioning scheme and have run into a partition table difficulty. There are several things that can cause this type of problem. Many of them can be fixed with my FixParts program. See its documentation, and this page I've written on the topic. If you still have problems, post back with more detail, such as the output of the following commands, typed in a Linux terminal from an emergency disc:

fdisk -l /dev/sda
parted /dev/sda print
gdisk -l /dev/sda

If you use Ubuntu, precede each of those commands by sudo; with other emergency discs or distributions, be sure you log in as root. (Logging in as root is standard with most Linux emergency discs.) If you use Ubuntu, you'll probably have to install gdisk by typing sudo apt-get install gdisk, too. Edit your original question to include the output of these commands.


Try to do this:

Go to terminal: ALT+F2 and type gnome-terminal

Type: alsamixer and press F5 Now play around with the several bars. You can press M to mute and Key Up/Down to change the Bar value. To the right of the bars there are more bars depending on your sound card so do not hesitate when changing from bar to bar to keep pressing Key Left/Right to keep on going to the right or left so you can see the rest of the bars.

alsamixer helps in several cases.


how to copy the contents of hard drive to a external media using live cd

You can try:

sudo dd conv=sync,noerror bs=8k if=/dev/sda6 of=/home/backup-file

Then you can copy backup-file to external drive and later use it to get your saved data.

When later you want do that you would need to mount it, so run:

sudo losetup /dev/loop1 /home/backup-file

sudo mount /dev/loop1 /mnt/backup

If you have not much data to backup with low dispersion over the drives/partitions, if it's all rather in one or a few folders then wouldn't it be easier to save those folders/files straight to the external disk?


Mouse cursor freezes randomly with Intel GMA 950

You can try to add the X-Updates PPA to your software sources.

To do so you only need to enter

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates

in a Terminal window. After doing that you'll need to check for software updates.


Ubuntu 18.04 how to get nvidia-settings version 430 in Wayland

No version of nvidia-settings has ever been able to run in a wayland session.

Whether this is resolved down the road is unclear though certainly won't be in the immediate future as Ubuntu's switch to wayland will not happen till after 20.04 and even then nvidia-settings would be a low priority.

A newer verion of nvidia-settings for 18.04 is only available via a ppa.


Check if attached .pdf files are automatically opened with e.g. Acrobat when clicking on an attachment (by opening your Thunderbird's preferences).

For me, the problem occurred as soon as I determined to not to be asked anymore what application I want the .pdf to be opened with. All outgoing mails immediately stopped having proper .pdf's attached.

I reset it to "ask me" and .pdf's are .pdf's again...


After quitting vim show the original text in vim

in vim typing :help norestorescreen says to put the following in your .vimrc:

    For non-Windows Vim: You can set or reset the 't_ti' and 't_te'
    options in your .vimrc.  To disable restoring:
            set t_ti= t_te=

This worked for me using Ubuntu 12.04 with Vim 7.3.429.


Plugging in Plantronics USB headset does not switch audio output

I was having a very similar issue, though in my case the device ID is 047f:c023 (Plantronics C310-M). I was able to work around the problem by disabling all other sound devices.

For example, if you are using the Pulse Audio Volume Control, click the Configuration tab and choose Off for all the other devices.

If anyone figures out a better solution, I would love to hear it.


Is 12.04 compatible with the Athlon XP-M processor?

The Athlon XP-M is a pretty old CPU and while it supports PAE, the rest of the system (motherboard, etc.) may not.
Ubuntu 12.04 has a PAE-only kernel; please try installing Xubuntu 12.04 or Lubuntu 12.04 instead.


How do I change the Super key dash shortcut menu

I think you can change the key mapping via Compizconfig-Settings-Manager (ccsm). If you don't find it under Menu -> Preference, then please install it from software center.

Then from CCSM please locate the Ubuntu Unity Plugin, which you can find under Desktop section in Compizconfig-Settings-Manager. Click on it and there you can find an option as "key to show the launcher ". Click on it and select some other key combination as per your choice.

I hope it works for you.


Steam on Ubuntu 18.04 refusing to start. Nvidia. "libGL error: failed to load driver"

I have the same problem. You can fix it by removing your NVIDIA drivers and install them from their website (that worked for me, because it seems to be a newer version[390.44 -> 390.77]). This has been tested only under Linux Mint 19, which based on Ubuntu 18.04 - theoretically it works under Ubuntu too.

Download the NVIDIA driver
Remove NVIDIA:

sudo apt remove nvidia-driver-390 -y

Clean up:

sudo apt autoremove -y

Log out!
Switch to console by pressing CTRL+ALT+F3
Log in...
Stop the display manager:

sudo service gdm stop    #or lightdm

cd Downloads (or wherever it is)
Make the driver executable:

chmod +x [driver package name]

Run and install it (let it fix xserver settings AND libs!!!!):

./[driver package name]

Enter: reboot
Should work now!


Forgot my passphrase of my encrypted hard disk

You just installed Ubuntu with the encryption option and forgot to write down your passphrase (or lost the paper you wrote it on).

Because it's a new installation the simplest solution is to install Ubuntu again this time writing down the passphrase for Encryption and keeping it in a safe place. You will lose all the information created since the first installation which hopefully is not very much.

I suggest when you install Ubuntu a second time don't encrypt your data. In the future if you have secret information to encrypt you can do it in a ~/.Private directory or all the /home directory and it's sub-directories. You can encrypt data any time after installation you don't have do to it during installation.


I have discovered the answer and it's bad news for dotnet core developers

The dotnet plugin has not been updated to use base 'core18'

However if you change the base to just 'core' then the plug in does work, but only if you target dotnet core 2.0 or older.

Sadly my project is dotnet core 2.1. Trying to build mine gives:

The current .NET SDK does not support targeting .NET Core 2.1. Either target .NET Core 2.0 or lower, or use a version of the .NET SDK that supports .NET Core 2.1

After looking at the snapcraft source code for the plugin, it appears there is a hidden and completely undocumented option to specify the version of dotnet core to use. For me setting as follows allowed the build to continue:

dotnet-runtime-version: 2.1.9

The snapcraft code attempts to find a match in this JSON file on the version-runtime field.

However resolving this just allowed me to run into the next bug which occurs after the dotnet build is complete:

join() argument must be str or bytes, not 'NoneType'

Googling this it appears this is a python error, not a dotnet build error

There is a pre-existing bug report for it at Snapcraft fails when snapping .net core console application.

In the mean time I will try prebuilding a selfcontained app and using the dump plugin to make the snap.


Error while running make to install `Sumo`

Your post is tagged 15.04, unknown version. This command will tell : $ uname -m

First test ... with no issues : The 64bits Ubuntu 15.04. A valid sumo-src-0.26.0.tar.gz :
https://sourceforge.net/projects/sumo/files/sumo/version%200.26.0/sumo-src-0.26.0.tar.gz/download

$ sudo apt-get install g++ autoconf libtool libxerces-c-dev libfox-1.6-dev libgdal-dev libproj-dev
$ tar xvf sumo-src-0.26.0.tar.gz
$ cd sumo-0.26.0/
$ ./configure
$ make : No errors.
$ sudo make install : OK too.


SSH on Ubuntu 20.04 Windows 10 Subsystem ignores IdentityFile specified in .ssh/config

https://help.okta.com/en/prod/Content/Topics/Adv_Server_Access/docs/sftd-ubuntu.htm
For servers running Ubuntu 20.04, you have to allow certificate authorities (CAs) to use the ssh-rsa algorithm to sign certificates. To do this, add the following line to your OpenSSH daemon file (which is either /etc/ssh/sshd_config or a drop-in file under /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/)
To fix it, add following 2 lines to /etc/ssh/sshd_config
TrustedUserCAKeys /etc/ssh/xxxxxxx
CASignatureAlgorithms +ssh-rsa
Replace xxxxxxx by the public key you can find in /etc/ssh


How to limit network-manager to a single interface?

By default (i.e., unless you have managed=true in NetworkManager.conf), NetworkManager ignores any interface which has an entry in /etc/network/interfaces. If you don't want to specify any settings there, just add a manual entry:

iface ethX inet manual


How to run a script at screen lock / unlocks in ubuntu 17.10

Assuming you're using Gnome then Nowadays I think it's better to listen to the LockedHint rather than screensaver messages. That way you're not tied to a screensaver implementation.

Here's a simple script to do that:

gdbus monitor -y -d org.freedesktop.login1 | grep LockedHint

Gives this:

/org/freedesktop/login1/session/_32: org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties.PropertiesChanged ('org.freedesktop.login1.Session', {'LockedHint': <true>}, @as [])
/org/freedesktop/login1/session/_32: org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties.PropertiesChanged ('org.freedesktop.login1.Session', {'LockedHint': <false>}, @as [])


LTS 14.04 - Geforce GTX 970M still doesn't work after several installs/tutorials

Install the latest stable NVIDIA drivers supporting GTX970 from the Proprietary GPU drivers PPA.

Before you install new drivers uninstall every NVIDIA related software you have installed before.

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia* bumblebee
sudo reboot

Install the latest current stable NVIDIA drivers from NVIDIA short-lived branch by executing :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-355 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

To switch between intel and nvidia graphics - open NVIDIA X Server Settings -> Prime Profiles.

Note : In case you have to adjust which card to use in BIOS select the switchable graphics mode.


The answer is affirmatively  yes.  Ubuntu runs pretty well from that machine. I should know, I'm running on it as we speak.


I ran tar command with the -v switch, but got no output, why?

The tar file was corrupt.

OP answered itself.


The Ubuntu DVD image you have downloaded must be corrupted. Please verify the MD5 or SHA checksum signature of the image you have downloaded.


having issue with ubuntu 16.04 installation : looks like Graphic card / driver issue

Try this
Errors "*ERROR* UVD not responding, trying to reset the VCPU!!!"

I am assuming here that you have already installed nano by:
sudo apt-get install nano

You substitute the ->"radeon"<-.modeset=0 to whatever brand your graphics card is.

Cheers,


GRUB EFI loader cannot find its config file in /boot

So I uninstalled Ubuntu Studio.  It was the problem.  Once I installed another distro, everything was fine.  I will report to the Ubuntu Studio folks.


Youtube video useless after the last update

The problem is in the browser itself, since chrome doesn't use the flashplayer installed systemwide, but its own integrated flash player. That's why videos work fine in firefox. Hve you tried reinstalling chrome, or downgrading it to a previous version?


Check Bluetooth headphones battery status in Linux

I wrote a simple python script that does the job. It uses AT commands to communicate with the device via RFCOMM and prints the battery level if the device is supported.

https://github.com/TheWeirdDev/Bluetooth_Headset_Battery_Level

(You need Python 3.6.0 or newer to run the script)

It might not work with all bluetooth headsets but I've provided a couple of workarounds in the 'Issues' page that might help.


Mac-restored iPod is mounted as read-only

Most probably your iPod has an HFS+ filesystem. In order to make it work on Ubuntu you should:

disable journaling
get your music / iPod manager to write on the device

You can disable the journaling from OSX with just a couple of commands, see here, apparently it is possible to do this from Ubuntu itself.

Now you can write on the iPod as root only (or as a user whose UID is the same as that of the user owning the iPod on the Mac). To execute a Gnome program from your launcher as root for example, see here (in Xubuntu you can just use the menu editor).


date command not resolving properly in bash alias

The date commands are evaluated when you declare the alias.
Here's an example alias t:
$ alias t="echo \"$(date +%k%M)\""
$ alias t
alias t='echo "1357"'

You can fix this by using single quotes:
$ alias t='echo "$(date +%k%M)"'
$ alias t
alias t='echo "$(date +%k%M)"'

For more info, see Difference between single and double quotes in Bash

Or if the command doesn't need to be an alias, use a function instead:
$ function t { echo "$(date +%k%M)"; }
$ declare -f t
t ()
{
    echo "$(date +%k%M)"
}

Or a script:
#!/bin/sh
echo "$(date +%k%M)"

Update, per recent edit
$ alias t='echo '$(date +%k%M)''
$ alias t
alias t='echo 1400'

Think of that alias definition as three strings:

One single-quoted string: 'echo '
One unquoted string: $(date +%k%M)
One single-quoted null string: ''


Windows chkdsk deleted all my Linux files

Sorry I can't help you further, except to speculate that something corrupted your files before Windows chkdsk got to them - whether an unexpected power loss or something you did to the drive, ... I have no other ideas.

For recovery maybe try testdisk (to see if they can be undeleted) or photorec (otherwise).

You can get both from http://www.cgsecurity.org/


System freezes due to Intel videocard failure

I had a similar issue with a desktop, while using two monitors and working with paraview, that one was solved with installing the right driver for the graphic card. Though there is a little chance that this be your problem since xps is fully supported by ubuntu as far as I know, but take a look in your drivers see if there is any other possibility available there.

Cheers,


For Ubuntu 14.04:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gurqn/systray-trusty
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

For Ubuntu 14.10:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gurqn/systray-utopic
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Then, restart Unity by pressing Alt+F2 and typing unity or by logging out and back in. The PPA now automatically whitelists all applications so there's no need to manually whitelist individual apps to be able to use the systray.

If you want to revert the changes and go back to the default Unity packages from the Ubuntu repositories, use the commands below to purge the Unity systray whitelist PPA:

For Ubuntu 14.04:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:gurqn/systray-trusty

For Ubuntu 14.10:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:gurqn/systray-utopic

Then, restart Unity or log out and log back in.

Source


The guide assumes you have an upstream tarball, and you want to use it to create a bazaar branch and then use it for packaging. The bzr dh_make command (bzr dh-make PACKAGE_NAME VERSION TARBALL) extracts the tarball to a directory name PACKAGE_NAME, and sets it up as a bazaar branch. From the docs:

  If there upstream is available in bzr then run the command from the
  root of a branch of that corresponding to the 0.1 release.

  If there is no upstream available in bzr then run the command from
  outside a branch and it will create a branch for you in a directory
  named the same as the package name you specify as the second argument.

In the second mode, which is what you're using, bzr will refuse to extract to an existing directory to create a branch. That's the error you got. Bazaar branches are essentially directories.

The simple workaround (though I have a feeling this is not the intended way) would be:

cd /path/to/resolutionx
# create tarball in parent directory
tar zcf ../resolutionx-1.0.tar.gz -C .. resolutionx
bzr dh_make resolutionx 1.0 ../resolutionx-1.0.tar.gz

If you're already using git for version control, then look into git-buildpackage instead.


Exit code "1" on diff command despite getting output

a quick reading of the diff man pages showed me that the exit codes are different than what I was thinking.

Exit code 1 = differences were found.


Many of the pieces are (still) being developed ..

NVIDIA Releases Tegra 12 Alpha 1 Ubuntu-Based Linux

Being released by NVIDIA this afternoon is the Tegra 12 Alpha 1 Linux release. This is a Linux software release intended for developers using NVIDIA's Tegra 2 platform.

The NVIDIA Tegra Linux 12 Alpha 1 release is based on the Linux 2.6.38 kernel and is derived from Ubuntu. Graphics standards supported by this Tegra-ified Ubuntu release include OpenGL ES 1.1/2.0, EGL 1.3, OpenMAX IL 1.1, and RandR 1.3.

NVIDIA >> Linux For Tegra

NVIDIA is pleased to announce Linux for Tegra release 16 is now available. NVIDIA Tegra Linux Driver Package supports development of platforms running:

NVIDIA® Tegra® 3 series T30 (Cardhu developer tablet)
NVIDIA® Tegra® 2 series T20 (Ventana developer tablet)

XDA Developers >> Eee Pad Transformer Q&A

[HowTo] Native Ubuntu - Post Install Questions Here not in [DEV] ..


How can I format or delete an SD card that is not being recognized?

You should be using device mmcblk0p1 (partition 1) on the device to format.  By now, you probably have wiped out the partition table, so first thing, use a disk utility to put a new partition table on it with one partition.  Then you can mount that partition (not the whole device) and format it.

The mkfs.vfat -I  command does not make a partition, it just forces the creation of the filesystem as specified on the whole device.  Without the -I, you'd get the error (paraphrasing): "you really don't want to do this".  Now the error you get about writing a reserved sector may be a complaint about putting a filesystem over the partition table (sector 0?).  I could do this on an old card I had, but maybe your card is smarter and rejects such actions.

While such actions as writing to the device instead of a partition on the device should be allowed, It looks like in your case, you have found something which prevents it.  OK, so just do things the expected way and put a partition table on the device, make a partiton, and format it FAT.


How can I save my laptop's screen brightness in Ubuntu 13.04?

I had the same issue. You can fix this issue following the link below,
http://xchamitha.blogspot.co.uk/2013/07/set-screen-brightness-when-booting.html


Will Uninstalled Components get (Re)Installed after Kubuntu 18.04 LTS to 20.04 LTS Update?

Now that Kubuntu 20.04 LTS is available, is there a way to upgrade only the existing components on my system to 20.04 LTS,

That is what normally happens.

or will an upgrade also re-install the previously removed components?

As long as the software at the top of a branch does not require a specific component that component will not get installed during an upgrade.
If you do decide to upgrade ...  you made sure you have several backups and know how and are capable of restoring that backup. If that is the case you do an upgrade without the need to worry.

I need it for work and am not interested in any surprises

The best advice you will get though: do not upgrade (yet). You have until April 2023. An upgrade will go correctly except for that 1 time where you need it all to go smoothly. Then the weirdest things tend to happen ...
There is plenty of time to plan ahead: change your current system such that you do not need to worry about an upgrade. Create a situation where all files you need, or changed have a backup on a 2nd disk or partition. I tend to get a new SSD and reinstall Ubuntu on that new disk and then mount my personal disk. Going back to the old setup means changing the SSD.
I have modeled my personal system like a cloud instance: the main boot disk (an SDD) has changed files that are also on my HDD: the main components are my mysql config and databases, apache and nginx config files and websites. I also have a script to copy files over to the main disk so my HDD also supports me as a directly accessible backup (I basically have a mount point /discworld/ with in there a directory structure the same as / has but only the files I changed; so a /discworld/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/ and so on.
Re-installing for me means I can always, without a shady of a doubt, nuke my SDD (that is my / and /home/) and install a new Ubuntu. 1 script executed later and I am back up and running. It takes me about 19 minutes from starting the install an being back online doing a full reinstall so not even an upgrade.
Since my income depends on my system working as close to 100% I also have a second notebook that I use to mirror and once every so often test if it still works as a fallback. This 2nd notebook will automatically take over when the 1st one is out. In the next year you might also be able to invest in another notebook so you can mirror it too.
Things I noticed myself: MySQL on Ubuntu 20.04 is a little more strict than on 18.04. You are no longer allowed to compare dates with a partial string. So if you used that kind of compares you will want to update your own software first before starting to upgrade. There is also a change in how the out of memory killer (oom killer) works: on 18.04 the whole offending service can get restarted by the OOM killer. In 20.04 the OOM killer tends to kill the offending thread and leave the service alone.


Is there ruby syntax validation plugin for gedit?

I'm not sure whether this is what your looking for but at least we can rule it out

A repository for useful and handy snippets for gedit's external tools plugin

Hope this helps


Ubuntu 14.04 System freezes on wakeup from suspended state

I installed the proprietary Nvidia drivers as given in this post by "floppy". Voila! My system resumes from suspend without any hitch.


Courier 10 Pitch font missing after upgrade to 17.04?

Here is the manual installable font to install Courier 10 Pitch from 3rd party

https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/trelby/CGkpcMBXW9U

The tar is located here for Courier 10 Pitch

-----Courier 10 Pitch is in the  font-bitstream-type1 tarball-----

https://www.x.org/releases/individual/font/


I can't check Python version on Ubuntu 20.04

Up until Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, both python2 and python3 were preinstalled on Ubuntu. Since Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, things have changed. Python2 is not preinstalled. Only python3 (v3.8.2 in 20.04) is preinstalled. At this moment if you run python3 --version, you will see version 3.8.2 is installed. However if you have also installed python 2 (on your own, it is not preinstalled), then you can use python2 --version or python --version to check the version of python2.
To check info about python3, you will have to use python3 --version or something which starts with python3 explicitly. Where as python and python2 will refer python2.
EDIT 1
The reason they did this was because python2 itself has reached EOL (end of life).
Related news article.
EDIT 2
Python 2 has now been moved to from main repository to universe repository.

The four main repositories are:
Main - Canonical-supported free and open-source software.

Universe - Community-maintained free and open-source software.

Restricted - Proprietary drivers for devices.

Multiverse - Software restricted by copyright or legal issues.

EDIT 3
To make python command to point to python3, install python-is-python3 package by running sudo apt install python-is-python3 command in terminal.


From the terminal, run:

sudo apt-get purge skype*
sudo apt-get autoremove

Then you can remove the config files:

rm -fr ~/.Skype

That should do it.


How can I set up dual monitor display with ATI driver?

Type in this command, to open the AMD Catalyst Control Center

gksudo amdcccle

Go to Display manager > There you must see your monitors.
Click on the Monitor you want to setup display on
Go to Multiple Screen Tab
Change the display mode to your choice
Apply this and restart


Hard drive is not bootable after a sudden powercut(power interruption)

Finally fixed the problem.
Writing an answer for those who may face similar situation.
As they say, where there is a will, there is a way'. So i was 90% convinced that it had to be a hardware issue gauging by the unpredictable behaviour of the screen(dead screen, but power is on).Somehow managed to run SMART and self test from command line

smartctl -t long /dev/sda

Actually tried all the three test short, long/extended and conveyance because I could. Just replace the argument 'long' with 'short'.

couldn't make much of the result displayed.
Then run it through the GUI disk  from disk-repair disk.
It showed some generic boot sector issues( nothing serious).
 I started watching tutorials on YouTube on how to fix such type of hardware issues( yes, i am no hardware genius). Zeroed out some of the grey areas that may have caused the problem  like RAM, display wire, ATA/SATA cables etc.
Thought of running Disk-repair before opening up the system ( just in case) and voila!. So the problem, as I interprete it, seems to be the boot partition which got messed up with the sudden power disruption. Is that even possible? whatever.
Basically it reinstalled grub and I am back into my machine.

So the moral of the story is:
Don't assume your problem unless you are 105% sure.

End of story.


Compiz : unusually high CPU usage on Ubuntu 13.10

This seemed to work for some people. Maybe it will work for you too.

Open CompizConfig Settings Manager.
Go to OpenGL.
Turn off Wait for Vsync.

That's it.

Source: Is Compiz Consuming Too much CPU? Here’s The Solution!


Why does sometimes my postinst executed while installing/removing other software?

please post the outputs of

sudo dpkg --configure -a

if you get an error like Errors were encountered while processing:
 myapp:i386

then remove my app by using-

sudo apt-get purge myapp

and also use following to re-install all broken downloads.

sudo apt-get install -f

the problem of a broken package still exist the solution is to edit the dpkg status file manually.

sudo gedit /var/lib/dpkg/status

(you can use vim instead of gedit)

Locate the corrupt package, and remove the whole block of information about it and save the file.


The package I think you want to install is "build-essential". If you use the correct name, not "build-essentials", you will get better results


Setting up apache2 on ubuntu to avoid index.php in joomla

The mod_rewrite is required to be enabled in apache. You can try this:

http://www.dev-metal.com/enable-mod_rewrite-ubuntu-14-04-lts/


Do not do this!

/opt/ is one of the Ubuntu system folders. This means Ubuntu expects this folder be available at all time. Mounting an external USB drive as /opt means that when the SD Card/USB drive is not connected the /opt/ folder will not be available to the system.

Many third party applications like bitcoin core, and Google Chrome, are installed in the /opt/ folder. If you lose your USB drive or if the USB drive breaks, or gets corrupted then the third party apps won't run and system may not work as intended. For example, if you set up bitcoin core to run at startup, that won't work.

Now that you have been warned, lets do this!

How to use external SD card as /opt system partition

Choose a reliable drive

You may want to use a SSD based USB rather than an SD card if you want a reliable and fast drive that is less likely to die on you. I suggest you look for SSD based USB 3.0 drives. The SSD based drives are more reliable than the run off the mill USB drives. USB 3.0 (or better) drives allow faster input and output provided your computer has an USB 3.0 port.

Format the SD card/USB drive

This SD card/USB drive should be dedicated for /opt partition. That is you should not use it for anything else. Since you want to use it as a system partition, the partition must be formatted in a way that allows Ubuntu to use it as such. In particular, the partition format must allow for setting file ownership, permissions, and executable settings for the files in this partition that Ubuntu can handle. Windows partition formats such as FAT32 and ntfs do not normally handle these things in Ubuntu friendly manner.

Open gparted (install it if needed) with the SD card/USB drive plugged in, and navigate to the SD card/USB drive using the top right drop down list of drives.

Unmount the single partition. Format the single partition in the SD card/USB drive as ext4. This is the default partition format for Ubuntu and is needed for Ubuntu system folders such as /opt/. You may be able to use ext2 or ext3 formats, but FAT32 or ntfs are not recommended.

Apply the changes you have made in gparted.

Use the gparted menu to go to Partition > Information and note down the UUID of the partition you created in the SD card/USB drive.

Exit the gparted program.

Alternately use the command line:

Open a terminal using Ctrl+Alt+T and enter:

df -h

This will list all the partitions. Identify the SD Card/USB drive. I will assume it is /dev/sdb1. You may have something different.

Use the following command to unmount the partition. A partition must be unmounted before formatting.

sudo umount /dev/sdb1

Use the following command to format the partition.

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

Note: Even though we want to format the whole drive, we don't use /dev/sdb. In this case the first partition spans the whole drive.

Setup /etc/fstab to mount the partition at boot

I am not sure you can change the automount config so that it works one way for a specific SD card/USB drive but differently for all otherSD cards/USB drives.

The automount is primarily for removable media such as a SD card/USB drive, so that these are mounted automatically when they are inserted. Since we want the /opt partition to be permanently mounted at boot time, rather than mounted when inserted, I think editing the fstab is the right approach.

Open a terminal using Ctrl+Alt+T and enter:

sudo nano /etc/fstab

This will open the file fstab in the /etc/ folder using the nano editor. You will be prompted for your password. When you enter the password, nothing will happen in the terminal. The cursor will not move, you will not see any stars. This is normal.

Add a new line in /etc/fstab that will look like:

UUID=ABCD-MNOP /opt    ext4    defaults        0       2

where ABCD-MNOP is the actual UUID of the partition inside the SD card/USB drive you have copied in the step above.

To save the changes and exit nano, use Ctrl+X followed byY and Enter.

Use the following command to mount the new /opt partition:

sudo mount -a

If you don't see any errors your /opt partition is mounted correctly.

Reboot the computer and use gparted to double check that the /opt partition is mounted after reboot.

Never ever unplug this SD card/USB drive!

Hope this helps


Ubuntu Server 18.04 booting with only wifi hangs 2 mins waiting on eth0

Your MAC address is wrong for eth0.

Try this .yaml file... keep the spacing, indentation, and no tabs...

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      dhcp4: true
      optional: true
  wifis:
    wlan0:
      dhcp4: true
      access-points:
        "Lagrange Point 5G":
          password: "*****"
      nameservers:
        addresses: [10.0.1.1, 8.8.8.8]

sudo netplan --debug generate # generate config files

sudo netplan apply # apply new configuration

reboot # reboot, and confirm proper operation

Update #1:

Ended up putting on Ubuntu Server 19.04 which provided direct support for the RPi 3B+, and editing the .yaml file to include optional: true. Now boot times are around 30 seconds!


l can't enter BIOS because Ubuntu loads too fast

The warning message you got is not important. You can ignore that one.

Your problem will not be solved, when grub takes longer to choose. You first start with your BIOS layer, then you will get to grub and grub loads the Linux-kernel and hence Ubuntu. When you have reached grub, there is no way back into the BIOS Setup.

But in GNU/Linux you can reboot directly into the BIOS Setup, by the following command:

systemctl reboot --firmware-setup

I found the command on Super User.


Windows XP doesn't recognize Ubuntu 10.04 DVD

try following steps:

Solution A:

Boot to Windows and check if it can read the DVD without any problems
If not, try using different DVD media (DVD+R(W) / DVD-R(W))
Make your DVD drive be the first in boot order (check BIOS option)

Solution B:

Use bootable USB (http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows)
Note: Don't forget changing the BIOS options first

Solution C:

There is a very nice article that describes all possible ways how the Ubuntu could be installed: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation#Installation_without_a_CD

I hope that you'll be successful :-).


I have found the answer here, under ALT+F2 App launcher Hotkey remapping.


How to install Ubuntu 18.04 alongside Windows 10

After so many efforts I've figured out what went wrong while installing. Now at last I've installed Ubuntu 18.04 alongside Windows 10 Pro in dual boot mode.

I've tried to share my experience in this article  http://myviewsonfoss.blogspot.in/2018/05/this-article-willshow-you-how-you-can.html

Login to your Windows 10

Step 1: Create a free space in the hard drive where Ubuntu will be installed

If you have several partition in Hard Disk, use any of them except the C Drive (because in case if something messed up, it may erase the data on C drive and then you have to reinstall Windows 10 again) to make some free space for linux. To make free space, Login to your windows machine using an administrative account and then right click on the Start menu -> Command prompt(Admin) to enter the Windows command prompt.
At the command prompt, type diskmgmt.msc and the Disk Management Utility will open. You can also use other method to open Disk Management Utility. From here, right click on D: or E: partition (any partition except C: .If you only have one partition C: then right click on C: and be cautious) and select Shrink Volume in order to resize the partition.
On Shrink D: enter a value on space to shrink in MB (use at least 25000 MB) and click on Shrink to start partition resizing as illustrated. Once the space has been resized you will see a new unallocated space in the hard drive. Leave it as default.

Step 2: Check the hard driver partitioning type (GPT or MBR)

Now in the Disk Management, to look the partition style of your hard drive, do a right click on the disk and choose the properties

Then go the Volume tab.
If it shows GUID Partition Table then your Hard Disk partitioning is GPT.

If in your case it shows Master Boot Record then your hard drive partitioning is MBR.

Step 3: Make a backup

It is always recommended to make a backup, just in case you mess up with the system!

Step 4: Create a bootable USB stick/burn a DVD

Now let’s download the Ubuntu 18.04 .iso image of Ubuntu. Go to this link.

Burn the .iso image on DVD. If you are using USB stick then use Rufus to make a bootable USB stick.

If your machine uses BIOS mode then use Universal USB Installer. If it uses UEFI mode then use Rufus and use the MBR (or GPT partion scheme, depending on your hard drive partitioning type) partition scheme to make a bootable USB stick. Actually Rufus can be used both for BIOS and UEFI.

Step 5: Disable fast startup in Windows (You might skip this, I would recommend it)

Windows 10 has introduced a new feature called Fast Startup for quick booting. While it’s not mandatory, it’s better to have it disabled.

Go to Control Panel -> Power Options.
In the Power Options window, click Choose what the power buttons do.

You'll need click Change settings that are currently unavailable to make the Fast Startup option available in order to edit it.

Now uncheck it.

Now press Save changes.

Step 6: Restart your computer

Restart your computer and press one of the Del/Esc/F11/F12 keys to enter into your BIOS setup utility. Here in the boot priorities menu select the USB as the first boot device and then click Save changes and reboot. Wait for the computer to load the OS in RAM.

A GRUB menu will appear.

Select the option Try Ubuntu without installing.
The system will boot in live session mode.

Step 7: Install Ubuntu

Click the Install Ubuntu 18.04 LTS icon.

Choose the language. Click Continue.

Choose the keyboard layout.

We are going for full installation. So we will keep Minimal Installation unchecked and continue.

For manual installation click Something else and continue.

On this step we’ll create our custom partition layout for Ubuntu 18.04. On this guide will recommend that you create two partitions, one for root and the other for home accounts data and a partition for swap (use a swap partition only if you have limited RAM resources or you use a fast SSD).

To create the root partition select the free space (the shrink space from Windows created earlier) and hit on the + icon below. On partition settings use the following configurations and hit OK to apply changes:

Size = at least 15000 MB
Type for the new partition = Primary
LocatioStart menu n for the new partition = Beginning of this space
Use as = Ext4 journaling file system
Mount point = /

You can make swap partition using the same method. For swap space select 1.5-2 times your RAM size.

Size = 6000 MB
Use as = swap space

Create the home partition using the same steps as above. Use all the available free space left for home partition size. The partition settings should look like this:

Size = all of available free space
Type for the new partition = Primary
Location for the new partition = Beginning of this space
Use as = Ext4 journaling file system
Mount point = /home

When finished, press the Install Now button in order to apply the changes to disk and start the installation process.
On the next screen adjust your machine physical location by selecting a city nearby from the map. When done hit Continue to move ahead.
Next, select the keyboard layout and click Continue.
Pick up a username and password for your administrative sudo account and press Continue to finalize the installation. These are all the settings required for customizing Ubuntu 18.04 installation. From here on the installation process will run automatically until it reaches the end.

After the installation process ends press the Restart Now button.

The computer will reboot into the GRUB menu, where for ten seconds, you will be able to select which OS you wish to boot, either Ubuntu 18.04 or Windows 10.

Ubuntu is designated as default OS to boot from. Just press the Enter key to continue booting or wait for the 10 second timeout to finish.

After Ubuntu finishes loading, log in.

That's it! In case you need to switch back to Windows, just reboot the computer and select Windows from the GRUB menu.


lightdm: cannot type password on login screen

I have encountered the same on random occasions on my 14.04 LTS installation. I have not been able to reproduce it. Sometimes it just happens and I am stuck at login.

I have added this alias to to my .bash_aliases file as a workaround that have worked so far:

alias saveme="export XDG_SEAT_PATH=/org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Seat0 && dm-tool switch-to-greeter && logout"

When login prompt is grayed out. I switch to e.g. tty1 with Ctrl+Alt+F1, login and just enter my alias: saveme.

This way you will not lose any work from open applications. When you restart lightdm you will lose everything you had running which was really annoying and something I wanted to avoid..

XDG_SEAT_PATH may not be the same for you. Check while logged in in a terminal:

env | grep -i XDG_SEAT_PATH

You can also check with:

dm-tool list-seats


WiFi connects to network, but cannot connect to internet

It appears, as you've surmised, that the router is giving an IPv6 address, but not IPv4. You also lack a DNS nameserver which is crucial to resolve names like askubuntu.com to numbers like 198.252.206.24. I suggest you right-click the Network Manager icon and Edit Connections. Select the Wireless tab and IPv4 and be certain that the method is set to Automatic (DHCP). As a temporary experiment, you might also try selecting the IPv6 tab and set IPv6 to Ignore. Then close the edit and click the Network Manager icon and disconnect. Wait a few moments for NM to see a change in state and try to connect again. Can you? Can you browse? Does nm-tool show an IPv4 address and the all-important DNS nameservers?

You might also look in the administration pages of the router to see if there is any preference for IPv6 to the exclusion of IPv4 and deselect it. I am unaware of such a setting, but new things are introduced every day!

You might also look at other connected devices on the network and compare their addresses. Also, please paste: http://paste.ubuntu.com/

dmesg | grep -e wlan -e iwl


virtualbox - How to make "localhost" point to the host's "localhost"?

TL;DR
Nope! Sorry! Cannot be done!
The long version:
As per RFC1122, section-3.2.1.3 the localhost is defined as:

(g)  { 127, <any> }
Internal host loopback address.  Addresses of this form MUST NOT appear outside a host.

Thus localhost cannot be re-mapped even at the /etc/host file level as the driver bypasses the host file for that particular item.
Having said the above, this is free software, so you have the source code of the kernel available to you but even if you would become a kernel developer and start creating a custom kernel that would allow you to do that, you'll run into a ton of routines everywhere which will assume localhost = 127.0.0.1 hardcoded so that would just be extremely difficult (=years of work) but as you're talking Edge Browser you'd have to get Microsoft on your side as well and ... well ...
That's not going to happen! :-(
Sorry, neat idea but unfeasible...


Nathaniel M. Beaver is right - this is the same question he already answered in Assign an icon to a custom mimetype - Unix & Linux

The fix
Use this XML file instead:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <mime-info xmlns='http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/shared-mime-info'>
   <mime-type type="application/x-graphml+xml">
   <comment>GraphML file</comment>
   <acronym>GraphML</acronym>
   <expanded-acronym>Graph Modelling Language</expanded-acronym>
   <glob pattern="*.graphml"/>
   <icon name="x-graphml+xml"/>
  </mime-type>
 </mime-info>

and make sure you run xdg-icon-resource with
--context mimetypes

not
--context mimetype

otherwise they'll go in the wrong folder.
For example, if the icon is 48x48, the installation commands will look like this:
xdg-mime install --mode user graphml+xml-mime.xml
xdg-icon-resource install --context mimetypes --size 48 text-x-graphml+xml.png x-graphml+xml
update-mime-database ~/.local/share/mime
update-icon-caches ~/.local/share/icons

Attempt at an explanation
This is a strange one. It appears the difficulty is that when the
mimetype is
text/x-graphml+xml

instead of
application/x-graphml+xml

it defaults to the generic text icon. This seems to depend on the file
manager and desktop, though.


Do I need to reinstall to upgrade regular Ubuntu 12.10 to Ubuntu Gnome 13.04?

An distro upgrade means: forget about this old release, and see this new one

You will not reinstall any system, so you don't have to worry about partitioning or things like that.

You just press a button, turn off and on again, and the new release will be running the next time (a bit more complex some times)

Of course that you can have issues after update your distro version, but that really depends on each case scenario. But you have us for troubleshooting :)

Other options that you have is, install the new distro in a new partition, so if it doesn't work you still have Ubuntu 12.10 working. Also, you can make a fresh installation, installing the new system from the scratch in the actual Ubuntu partition.

You choice what method use


HPLIP gives a error messages when trying to installing plug-in for HP P1102W-printer

Recently got exactly the same problem. The best option is to perform an manual installation. The GUI/Wizard seems to have some issues.

What I did to solve this issue was to grab the plugin from this location https://www.openprinting.org/download/printdriver/auxfiles/HP/plugins/hplip-3.15.7-plugin.run  because this match the version of the hplip tool installed on my system.

After downloading, I opened a terminal console and typed hp-plugin
in the Wizard, specify the location of the file you have just download
At the end you should see a successful message..

Reboot your machine and give it a try

He worked for me. I hope it will work for you.


No WiFi on dell vostro 2520 after update to 12.10

Your problem looks similar to mine, and I think the new kernel and broadcom drivers are the connection.  I ran

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic
sudo apt-get install --reinstall bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo modprobe wl

and it worked for me on my Acer Laptop.

Refer How do I get an Acer Npilfy 802.11 (BCM43225) wireless card working?
for more details.


Samba not allowing me into the workgroup?

In the system from which you are sharing the files set a password for the samba user-name  using the command :

sudo smbpasswd -a <user-name>

In the smb.conf file (/etc/samba/smb.conf) files set the share directory in the following way and force the user-name. This will allow you to login using that user-name and password from other system. Set the writable to no for read-only access.

[ShareName]

path = <absolute path of folder to be shared>
available = yes
valid users = <user-name>
read only = no
browsable = yes
public = yes
writable = yes
force user = <user-name>

Note: there should be a single space both before and after each of the equal signs.

Now from the other system login using the user-name and password to access the share.


Terminal transparency problem with background

Just pull the slider all the way to the left (none) and there won't be any transparency. Other then that, no you can't disable that option.


Why am I getting these errors after running sudo apt-get -f install?

As stated in the error message, you have a conflict with openoffice.org-debian-menus. Maybe you can try to remove it and install libreoffice again


Ubuntu Server and Desktop GUI Simultaneously

The minimum requirements listed in the documentation include:

700 MHz processor (about Intel Celeron or better)
512 MiB RAM (system memory)
5 GB of hard-drive space (or USB stick, memory card or external drive but see LiveCD for an alternative approach)

You are well clear above that.

I have tried Ubuntu/Unity on an old laptop with 1 Gb of RAM and it is pretty usable; at start up Ubuntu takes up little over 300 Mb of RAM. But if you start loading heavy programmes that free memory goes away quickly.

I would say that if it is just to store videos and pictures firing up an Unity session should not be a problem. If you really need a desktop environment but the server more free memory then you can try a lighter option such a LXDE.


Does Ubuntu have a Large File 3G+ '.mbox' email reader

Thunderbird and Evolution can read them. They should both be installed by default. Thunderbird how-to.


I think the commande you are looking for is

dpkg-reconfigure dash

...as per this page : https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DashAsBinSh


Here is a workaround.

Open your image, a screenshot you made or a web page with Firefox.

file:///your_directory/your_image.png

In Firefox go to :
Tools > Web Developer > Eyedropper

Left click on the color you want.
It's copied in the clipboard.

For example :
Hex: #497FC1


Screen detection and mouse reverse (x & y axis)

not a solution maybe but I cannot comment yet.

try setting props to all zeros, which works the same for me as the  normal matrix that you have with some 1's

try

xinput disable <id>

to make sure that  the real mouse ID is  used. and to get it back

xinput enable <id>

you probably already have this link
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/InputCoordinateTransformation


Transfer file to Ubuntu(15.04) to Windows(8.1) with a cross-over cable between two computers

FROM: http://www.trickyways.com/2014/06/share-files-between-windows-8-and-ubuntu/

install samba sudo apt-get install system-config-samba
open it (it should be in menu aka dash)
Once it opens up, go to “Preferences” menu and then select “Server Settings”. Here type the Workgroup name your Windows is a member of, for example type workgroup in the “Workgroup text box” because the default “workgroup name” used in Windows is “workgroup”. Click OK button to save the settings.

If you got an error called Could not display “network:///”. Nautilus cannot handle “network” locations.
Then you have to execute this command in the Ubuntu Terminal.

sudo apt-get install gvfs-backends

Enable file and printer sharing on Windows

Before joining workgroup on computer, make sure the workgroup name on Windows computer is same that you given in Samba server settings on Ubuntu. See this guide if you want to change Workgroup name.
You also have to ensure that file sharing is enabled in Windows 8. If not, you won’t be able to access file from other systems so let’s get started. To enable file sharing in Windows, on Windows Desktop press “Windows+W” keys from the keyboard which will open up the Charms Settings Search bar.
When this opens up, search for “manage sharing” and then click on the resulted search.

After this, turn on the file and printing sharing in the private/public network profiles. You also have the option to turn on file sharing for all network profiles. Save when you are finished.

Since now both of the systems belong to the same Workgroup, reboot both computers. When you login, you will be able to see the other system from both of your machines.

EDIT:

If you find  error then you have to execute the following commands .

sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get install glade
sudo apt-get install python-glade2


Can't hear others (Skype and Discord) and other programs but they can hear me

Even I faced this problem but I was not using Ubuntu instead I was using Windows only.

I guess there's a third-party app messing up with voice settings or maybe there might have been an issue while installing.

I would highly recommend you test it with the Discord Web Version and if you still can't hear people on discord then here's are some more methods which you can follow. Hope it would be helpful.

Cheers,
Sandra Smith


This isn't currently possible, FireFox has no vaapi support (as far as I know). If it did you would have to install the h.264ify plugin to watch YouTube, because there is no hardware support for vp9 (the codec that YouTube uses) decoding.


clean install of Lubuntu 13.10 : firefox not localized

Try removing firefox-locale-en

  sudo apt-get remove firefox-locale-en
  open Language support and choose French..


Ubuntu 18.10 Meld missing preferences option

The preferences menu has moved to the top bar just next to the Activities badge. This is not only true for meld but also for many other GNOME applications, e.g. gedit.

I don't know why they did it and consider it totally useless and counter intuitive, but that's how it works.


Not able to install anything in Ubuntu 16.04

I just had the same problem and found this page while troubleshooting. The error message is /bin/sh: 1: /usr/bin/apt-listchanges: not found but /usr/bin/apt-listchanges is actually still there. I noticed that it starts with #!/usr/bin/python3 interpreter, which wasn't present in my system (mine was at /usr/local/bin/python3). I ran sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3 and it worked. NB: Change 3.7 as appropriate.


Why does Firefox 64.0 use so much memory in Xubuntu 18.04.1?

I think it's just a problem that firefox is getting to big, and xubuntu and kubuntu with there choice of firefox as there browser, that they no longer are a low system requirements operating system.
For sure not a 512 Mb.

Firefox has a page about speeding up firefox the address is.

https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/firefox-uses-too-much-memory-ram.

And you can do something about multiple processes that firefox opens and you do that in preferences see picture here set them to 1.

set processes to one


External harddrive unmounted during transmission and now it can't be seen / simultaneously, power indicator disappeared

The drive in question or some other hardware component broke. Hopefully it’s just the USB cable or power adapter (if the drive requires one at all) which you can exchange on your own. You can also try to connect the drive to a different computer on the odd chance that the USB port on your computer broke.

Otherwise you have a new paperweight for your desk instead of a storage device. A data recovery specialist will likely be able to recover all or most of the data on the drive using special equipment but they tend to charge at least around 100 USD if they’re worth their salt.

The power-indicator package will not help you with this issue in any conceivable way.

The software installation issues in your question is entirely unrelated and you should open a new question if you want us to help you address it.


How do I delete a node from MAAS after removing it from Cobbler?

maas has its own database, api, and management tools, directly removing things from cobbler is not supported.


I can't speak to the exact reason why your system is reacting this way but, as far as general errors with your config go, you are missing the following line in your vimrc file:

call vundle#end()

This line needs to be at the end of your vimrc config if you are going to use Vundle. For some context, check out the official Vundle doc.

I'm not sure what kind of issues this missing line may cause, but it is the first thing I would correct if I were you.


unable to create a new partition. gparted error:" unable to satisfy ..."

From the description I assume that the gparted version in question is v0.25.0-1.  If that is true then you might have encountered Bug 779339 - enforce at least 1 MiB "free space following".

The work-around with MiB alignment is to leave at least 1 MiB unallocated space before and after logical partitions.


Can't mount networked Windows external drive via cifs

Thanks to the irpstacksize error I discovered in the Windows logs, I was able to find an article that talked about how to increase that value (putting the gist of it below in case the link breaks).

It's a registry entry (edit via regedit) (create it if it doesn't exist--it did not exist for me):

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
 \SYSTEM
  \CurrentControlSet
   \Services
    \LanmanServer
     \Parameters
IRPStackSize DWORD 0x0000000f (15)

IRPStackSize is case sensitive. Decimal 15 is the default. They say to increase it to 5 until (50 is the max?). I couldn't find any evidence that increasing it to 50 would have any real negative consequences (and most people seemed to believe it won't), so after it still wasn't working at 33, I jumped to 50 and it worked!

In between each change you need to restart Services > Server for the change to take effect.


Unable to access folder on LAN since upgrade and switch to KDE

Did you try to install afpfs-ng? It's a good solution to access AFP shares on a network. There is a good explanation in this blog post.


Automatically 'select all' in browser address/search bars

For anyone interested I have found an answer for this, if only in Firefox.
In Firefox url bar type

about:config

After heeding the "Here be Dragons" warning either search for or scroll to
browser.urlbar.doubleClickSelectsAll

and
browser.urlbar.clickSelectsAll

Double click to toggle.
Set browser.urlbar.doubleClickSelectsAll to false
and set browser.urlbar.clickSelectsAll to true

This will work in the url bar but not the search bar, I tend to use the url bar for search also so it wont overly bother me.


How can i create users in ubuntu to have full premissions in only the apache www folder?

You could try this:

create users, with their primary group being the same as their user name.
Add the apache user in each users' group.
Create one directory per user
Set the permissions to rwxr-x---

Ex:

user1:user1
user2:user2

apache is member of groups user1 and user2

drwxr-x---  user1  user1  [...]/htdocs/user1_files
drwxr-x---  user2  user2  [...]/htdocs/user2_files

This way users only see their own directory, and the apache user has access to all to use the files.

For your FTP question, it depends what FTP you use.  If it is just a basic FTP server, you cannot block access, without turning it off.  Users would only be able to write to their own directory anyway.

If your FTP software is a bit more evolved, you may be able to control permissions in it through configuration.


How do I see, find or raise hidden windows on Unity desktop?

You can use the Super+W keyboard shortcut to show a graphical overview of all windows; just click on the one you want to bring it up.
(Super key = Win key)
Example:

Keyboard-only option - Alt+Tab
You can also use the Alt+Tab keyboard shortcut to cycle through all running applications, including minimized ones:

Hold Alt and keep pressing Tab to cycle.
Release both keys when your chosen application is highlighted.


disable touchpad on Dell Latitude 7480 (16.04)

Now I've installed Ubuntu 18.04 and the trouble diseappeared by itself.

xinput set-prop `xinput list --id-only "DLL07A0:01 044E:120B"` "Device Enabled" 0

does exactly what I want.


I have to reboot after dd to a microsd, otherwise can't read/write to it

It looks like you didn't unmount the SD card before you copied from the image. You can unmount using the command:
sudo umount /dev/sda?

Then do the dd command. You then may be able to re-mount using:
eject /dev/sda
eject -t /dev/sda


It appears that the installer was somehow getting tripped up because of an existing installation of Linux Mint on the machine. I wanted to completely wipe out this installation, so this is what I did from within the Ubuntu "live" environment before running the installer:

Note that following these instructions will cause permanent data loss.

Ran lvscan to find the existing logical volumes.
Ran lvremove on each of the logical volumes returned by lvscan.
Ran gparted and  deleted all of the partitions from the hard drive.

Again, following these instructions will cause permanent data loss.

Once this was done I started the installer which worked correctly.


There are now updates for packages such as firefox.  It may be that you don't have any packages installed that need updates, or perhaps the updates have not propagated to your mirror yet.

You can see this by running for instance

% rmadison firefox

....
firefox | 4.0+nobinonly-0ubuntu3 |         natty | source, amd64, i386
firefox | 4.0+nobinonly-0ubuntu3 |       oneiric | source, amd64, i386
firefox | 4.0.1+build1+nobinonly-0ubuntu0.11.04.1 | natty-security | source, amd64, i386
firefox | 4.0.1+build1+nobinonly-0ubuntu0.11.04.1 | natty-updates | source, amd64, i386

However, these actually came out even before the final release of Natty, so you probably already have them.

If you want to check if your machine is updating ok, what I would do is run sudo apt-get update from a terminal and make sure that it's really reloading its indexes from the right server.


Is there an easy way to enable S3TC on Intel graphics?

As of 12.10, libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0 is installed by default, providing this functionality.

Mesa does not require a rebuild to enable S3TC support, and hasn't for some time.  There are two options for S3TC

Setting force_s3tc_enable=true in the environment to advertise S3TC support.  In this case, S3TC textures will be passed through to the hardware.  Mesa will not support compression of textures using S3TC, which is required by the GL extension spec, so things may misbehave.
Using the external libtxc-dxtn library for S3TC compression.  Mesa will attempt to load it if it exists, and provide full S3TC support.  This is available in xorg-edgers, at least.


Only run a particular app at startup if WiFi is connected

If using NetworkManager, you can put a script in /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d and have it "listen" for a wifi UP event. Note you may have to change the WLAN interface name

Here is an example:

#!/usr/bin/env sh

IFACE=$1 STATUS=$2
IW=/usr/bin/iw
WLAN_IFACE=wlp1s0

if [ ! -x $IW ]; then
    exit 1
fi

if [ "$IFACE" = $WLAN_IFACE ] && [ "$STATUS" = "up" ]; then
    echo "[SCRIPT] -- PUT SOMETHING HERE YOU WANT TO HIT LOGS --"
    echo "Replace this echo with a command line instruction"
fi

You could extend the above logic to only fire on a given Network, etc.

Here is a reference to NetworkManager events ($2) that may be helpful: https://developer.gnome.org/NetworkManager/stable/NetworkManager.html


Anyone know of a good frontend for a CARPC thats Ubuntu based?

Try various builds of OPEN MOBILE until one works.
this seems to be the only option for me.

http://openmobile.sourceforge.net/main/trunk/

and if you find a good one, PLEASE LET ME KNOW.


Rename files with folders' names and move them to one big folder

Execute this script in the parent directory.
mkdir folder
for file in Nature_Set_*/*.jpg; do
    mv "$file" "folder/${file/\//_}"
done

It creates the directory folder

and then loops through files matching Nature_Set_*/*.jpg, moving each file found to "folder/${file/\//_}".

This last construct, ${file/\//_}, is a special form of parameter expansion, whose skeleton is ${parameter/pattern/replacement}. Since / is already the delimiter of the construct, it needs to be escaped if it is to appear in pattern. Thus / is replaced by _ in the file name.
Example: Nature_Set_01/01.jpg becomes Nature_Set_01_01.jpg.


Windows 7 and Ubuntu 12.04 start up problems

Try to hold down the Shift key during PC boot and see if a boot menu appears

or

try to use the boot-repair program from a LiveCD-USB of Ubuntu to repair the bootloader.


When the problem occurred I turned off one service after another.
Finally I turned off owncloud and unity-panel-service came back to life.

Apparently this is a know issue:
https://github.com/owncloud/client/issues/4985


You can use Unetbootin to create a persistent USB drive as you can see here.

So what you should do next:

Create two  partitions on your destination USB drive with gparted

First one should be FAT32 with at least 750MB in size.
Second will be the rest for example (label: casper-rw, filesystem: ext4)

Image

Install Unetbootin:

sudo apt-get install unetbootin

Update: ... or you can use the binaries from the author's site

  To run these binaries, download them and run the command chmod +x
  ./unetbootin-linux, or go to Properties->Permissions and check "Execute"), then
  start the application by running ./unetbootin-linux

Set it up as you can see on the image below

Image
Once everything is done, the final step is to delete the small casper-rw file created on the vfat partition you installed the LiveCD on, so that the large ext4 casper-rw partition is used instead. Mount this partition (here, sdb1), and delete /casper-rw.

Persistence (via the persistent kernel option) should already be set up if you used Unetbootin, so safely eject the USB and you're ready to go!

Armand


On Ubuntu 12.04 is /etc/skel/ the correct place to put extra files for new users?

Anything, files or directories, you put in /etc/skel/ will be copied to a new users home directory.

You would put things there such as a custom .bashrc file. Alternately you would do a system configuration, sort of depends on what you are wanting to do exactly. For example, ssh settings would be in /etc/ssh/sshd_config (server) or /etc/ssh/ssh_config (client)


A backtrace shows a list of an applications active functions. As functions are nested within each other when they are called the application must record where it left one function to get into another within it. This is done on the stack, we then dump the stack for the backtrace.

Preparation

In order to prepare your system for doing one, you must first make sure that apport is turned off as it normally replaces gdb. In order to do this simply change the line enabled=1 to enabled=0 in the /etc/default/apport file (after you have done with getting the backtrace manually you should re-enable apport by reversing the changes to the file), then restart your machine.
You now need to make sure that the relevant dubug symbols are installed, in order to do this for most packages just add the -dbg at the end, for instance with gnome-shell just run the following to install them:

sudo apt-get install gnome-shell-dbg

Go here for information on manually installing debug symbols not available through this manner.
Now you need to make sure that you have gdb installed:

sudo apt-get install gdb

Generation type 1 (application needing to be started)

Start the application under the control of gdb in Terminal (if the application requires to be run as root then use sudo before the gdb command):

gdb <application> 2>&1 | tee ~/gdb-<application>.txt

Then enter the following lines after each one you shall press ENTER (after run you may enter any arguments necessary that you need to run with the application):

handle SIG33 pass nostop noprint
set pagination 0
run

Now see Final steps section.

Generation type 2 (application not currently running)

Find the PID of the application:

pidof <application>

Start gdb in Terminal (if the application requires to be run as root then use sudo before the gdb command):

gdb 2>&1 | tee gdb-<application>.txt

Run the following as previously instructed (pressing ENTER after each line):

handle SIG33 pass nostop noprint
set pagination 0
attach <PID>
continue

Now see Final steps section.

Generation type 3 (backtrace from core dump)

Load the core dump into gdb:

gdb -c <coreDump> 2>&1 | tee gdb-<program>.txt

Final steps

If you used generation type 1 or 2, then you may now do whatever you need with the application to reproduce the bug you are reporting. After you have finished, if the program doesn't crash, press CTRL + C, and then run the following lines as with the previous provided (if the program crashes you still need to run the following lines to get the backtrace):

backtrace full
info registers
x/16i $pc
thread apply all backtrace
Quit

You now have your backtrace, attach it to your bug report (the ~/gdb-<application>.txt file).

Source: Ubuntu Wiki: Backtrace


Something like this will keep a zenity Information dialog on top.
You can possibly adapt it to your particular needs.
I'm not sure why it needs the sleep, but is doesn't work without it.

sleep .1 && wmctrl -a Information -b add,above &
WINDOWID=$(xwininfo -root -int | awk '/xwininfo:/{print $4}') \
  zenity --info --text="This --info class dialog is on top of the root window" &


Does Ubuntu store data of external media/drives?

Does Ubuntu store this data (in cache, or somewhere else)

No.

Besides what is in memory because of usage on that system (and not synched data) there are no other locations where this is stored. And the "in memory" is lost when saved to disk or when rebooted. Basically this is active when you have software open with one of your files.

Come to think of it: there is 1 thing you need to keep an eye on: "activity journal". It is zeitgeist component that keeps an eye on files openened to help you find your files better.

There are also some other things to consider that leave traces of files:

gedit has a setting to save a backup (same filename ending in ~). Other software you use can have similar settings.
online storage can pick up your file if you store it on a system where that specific directory is linked to online storage. Technically someone could set a system up such that USB sticks are synched on connection.
data may also end up in the swap file. After the program is closed, the space that the data takes up in the swap file may be reused, but the contents won't be actively overwritten.


Issues such as these needs a few bits of information:

need further information such as your graphics card and whether you have activated any graphics drivers in the Additional Hardware Window.

To find out what your graphics card is copy and paste the following into a terminal:

lspci | grep VGA

Assuming that you are using Firefox, try adding the Flash-Aid addon

If you are using Chrome/Chromium can you reproduce the issue with Firefox + Flash-Aid?

Confirm whether this is a Compiz issue or not.
Logout of Unity and choose the Ubuntu (Classic) and confirm whether the issue still occurs.
What's the quality of the Flash Video you are attempting to watch.  HD quality flash videos are rarely achieved unless you have the newer ATI/NVIDIA cards & with their proprietary drivers installed.
Some people have reported issues on upgrading - these graphics issues sometimes "resolve themselves" if a new user account is created and used.

Since you have confirmed that its an Intel and the its still an issue in "no effects" - then that leaves the flash-video quality.  If you have an issue with standard 240/360 Flash Videos, then its more likely to be the intel driver.  Suggest file a bug report on Launchpad.

Also double check Firefox + Flash-Aid, and whether a new account resolves.


Netplan config files overwriting each other

The rules for this are documented in man netplan-generate:

If there are files with different names, then they are considered in lexicographical order - regardless of the  directory they  are  in.   Later files add to or override earlier files.  For example, /run/netplan/10-foo.yaml would be updated by /lib/netplan/20-abc.yaml.
If you have two files with the same key/setting, the following rules apply:

If the values are YAML boolean or scalar values (numbers and strings) the old value is overwritten by the new value.

If the values are sequences, the sequences are concatenated - the new values are appended to the old list.

If the values are mappings, netplan will examine the elements of the mappings in turn using these rules.


I am running Ubuntu 14.04 LTS cannot log in goes back to log in screen

You'll need to verify that you have a home directory and have proper permission to it.  You'll also need to have read/write access to the .Xauthority file.

People commonly loose access to some of the areas of their home directory by working in the personal space as root, using the elevated sudo command.

There are also occasions where the /home folder is located on a separate drive or partition that for some reason didn't mount.

You can check this by using Alt+Cntrl+F2 to go to a console screen and logging in.

If you succeed in logging in you can check to see which components you can't access with this command:

You can get a complete list of files you don't own by running these steps:

$ cd
$ cd ..
$ find ./yourID ! -user yourID

You mainly have to own the following:

./ (your home directory)
.Xauthority

If it's the most commonly .Xauthority permission problem you can fix that by either changing owner to your ID or removing it and allowing it to be automatically recreated the next time you log into the desktop.

To change owner to your id:

$ sudo chown yourid:yourid .Xauthority

To remove it and allow it to automatically be recreated:

$ sudo mv .Xauthority .Xauthority.old

The detailed explanation was to not just give the direct resolution, but to point out, as many ask, what causes this to happen.


Can I install ubuntu without disturbing any files, without dual boot?

There are plenty of guides which answer your question, let me introduce you with one of them:

Full How-To. It says, you should not delete any files, just reduce the Windows' partition size and install Ubuntu on vacated place.


How can i upgrade to Ubuntu 14.04 final from 14.04 Beta correctly?

Do nothing.

Since you are already on Trusty beta and are using the Trusty section of the Ubuntu repos, you should (by now) already have the packages that are used for the official Trusty release.


How can I configure the launcher in Unity 2D?

There is a proposal to merge that will allow resizing of the unity-2d launcher, Atm still 'needs review' due to some concerns.

Hopefully it will get squared away, merged & released. As it is now would be done thru dconf-editor or gsettings. (though if not, it or some variation of, could end up in a ppa at some point

I've found it works well & because I would be using it none of the concerns  matter here. It's caused no issue in use

https://code.launchpad.net/~thiago-nsantos/unity-2d/launcher-width/+merge/79974


Laptop webcam is not detected, doesn't show up in lsusb

Check if you have a switch button and certify that the camera is turned "on".

This switch could be on one of the function keys (accessible by using the Fn key).

Or as a separate button in a row, near the power button.


Ubuntu Server 14.04.1 LTS Won't Boot w/Monitor Connected

I solved the issue, it was graphics related.

I made the following change to /etc/default/grub

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="nomodeset"


How can I set the "fat" option to true in Unison GTK?

It is possible, I just tested it using Ubuntu 16.04 and Unison 2.48.3.

There are two ways you can do that:

When you start Unison GTK, the Profile Selection window is displayed. You can click on the Add button, this starts the Profile Creation wizard.

The first screen allows you to type a profile name and description.
The second screen allows you to select the kind of synchronization that is to be performed (Local in your case).
The third screen allows you to select the two directories that are to be synchronized (for example, your Documents directory and a directory on an external hard drive).
The fourth screen specifically allows you to set the fat option for your new profile.
(The fifth screen allows you to save your new profile.)

When you already have an existing profile, you can simply click on it, and then click the Edit button. This will list the preferences that are already set in the profile.

In that list, you can click the Add button to show the list of available preferences.
Select fat from the list, click the Add button at the bottom of the window.
In the Edit the Preference window that pops up, choose True for the value of the fat option, and click the OK button.
You are back to the Profile Editor, where the fat preference is now listed. Click the OK button to save the profile.


Cannot properly configure a gateway on Ubuntu 16.04

sudo /sbin/route add -net 0.0.0.0 gw 192.168.0.1 enp4s0

This sets a route for everything to 192.168.0.1.

You probably want to add default gateway, which means anything not matching any more specific routes goes here. This can be done with the following command:

sudo ip route add default via 192.168.0.1 dev enp4s0

In addition, you will need a route for 172.24.0.0/16 on the other NIC:

sudo ip route add -net 172.24.0.0/16 via 172.24.3.1 dev enp6s0

This will add a route to your local 172.240.0/16-network, enabling you to reach this network. As this is a more specific route, it is picked over default for packets going to 172.24.0.0.


exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen

This indicates hardware problems with the SATA connection
to the drive.

Traditionally one would advise to check cabling and power
supply. But i see traces in the web, that bad other hardware
(e.g.network) can cause this:
  https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1052099#p1052099

(Enter above error message to Google to see lots of different
 reports with different theories about the reason.)

Have a nice day :)

Thomas


Tab Completion

If you only have one file in /usr/local/bin whose name starts with Katy, you can simply type

sudo rm /usr/local/bin/Katy

without pressing Enter yet. Then press Tab to complete the command to:

sudo rm Katy\ Perry\ -\ Dark\ Horse\ \(Official\)\ ft.\ Juicy\ J-0KSOMA3QBU0.mp4.part

(And then press Enter to run it.)

This quotes each character individually (as in AliNa's answer), and does so automatically so you don't miss anything.

In practice, a large amount of quoting we do on the command line is actually achieved automatically with tab completion.

Note also that tab completion is not limited to situations where something would have to be quoted. For example, a UUID like 8d44cd38-2158-42f4-9af1-94cd3ccbb9a8 doesn't need to be quoted but if it's the only possibility starting with 8 (or with some longer initial proper subsequence), tab completion could be very handy for composing a command containing it.

You can also manually quote, in which case you'll want to know about other ways of quoting than \, for cases like this one where many characters have to be quoted and mistakes are easy to make.

Manual Quoting with '

If you want an expression to appear literally, and the expression doesn't contain a single quote characater ('), a good habit to get into is to quote it using single quotes.

sudo rm '/usr/local/bin/Katy Perry - Dark Horse (Official) ft. Juicy J-0KSOMA3QBU0.mp4.part'

You can quote all of an argument, or just part of it. For example, this works too:

sudo rm /usr/local/bin/'Katy Perry - Dark Horse (Official) ft. Juicy J-0KSOMA3QBU0.mp4.part'

Or even:

sudo rm /usr/local/bin/Katy' Perry - Dark Horse (Official) ft. Juicy 'J-0KSOMA3QBU0.mp4.part'

(I've italicized the portions of the above commands that are quoted, so the effects of ' can be seen.)

When quoting with ', only ' is treated specially. It is always matched as a closing quote mark.

In contrast, quoting with double quotes, as is widely recommended (even when unnecessary), will usually work but operates in accordance with quite complex rules.

Manual Quoting with "

There are three common cases where quoting with " is used in preference over '.

For some reason, many people stylistically prefer ". This is not necessarily wrong or undesirable, but I recommend against preferring " unless you're familiar and comfortable with the rules of which shell expansions it does and does not prevent.
When your expression contains a single quote character ('), this cannot be enclosed in single quotes, but it can be enclosed in double quotes. And like ', " quoting removes special meaning from spaces, tabs, newlines (line breaks), ( and ), { and }, < and >, ;, &, |, ?, *, ~ and #. (And possibly other characters, depending on if I'm forgetting anything and on what shell options are enabled.) For example:

du -h "Don't Ask Me Why (Eurythmics, 1989).flac"

Thus double quotes work fine for the particular file you were deleting--whose name contained the special characters (, ), and space--and the suggestion to use them in this case was both helpful and perfectly okay.
However, unlike ', quoting with " does not remove the special meaning from $, `, \, and (unless history expansion is disabled) !. (Nor ", which as you'd expect is interpreted as the closing double quote. Usually.)

" quoting is thus useful when you don't want to prevent the shell from performing expansions based on the meaning of those characters. For example, running f='fee fi fo' followed by cat "$f fum.txt" prints the contents of fee fi fo fum.txt.

But when such behavior is unanticipated, it can cause problems:

$ du -sh
...
$ rm  "Stupid Scheme to Make $$$$$$ Quick!!!!.pdf"
rm  "Stupid Scheme to Make $$$$$$ Quickdu -shdu -sh.pdf"
rm: cannot remove ‘Stupid Scheme to Make 453745374537 Quickdu -shdu -sh.pdf’: No such file or directory

Characters that retain their special meaning within " quotes can themselves be quoted by being preceded by a \:

$ echo "\"Windows uses '\\' as the path separator,\" screeched Multiplatform Owl wisely."
"Windows uses '\' as the path separator," screeched Multiplatform Owl wisely.

When an unquoted \ precedes a character that doesn't need further quoting, it remains unchanged. (Thus \\ in the above command could simply have been a single \.)

Inside double quotes, \ before ! removes it special meaning (i.e., prevents history expansion). But unlike when \ quotes other special characters, a \ before ! is not removed. Thus, \! is interpreted as a literal \!, whereas \$ is interpreted as a literal $ and \ before a space is interpreted as a literal space.

Manual Quoting with \

\ quotes a single character, the character immediately following it. (Except of course when it is itself quoted.)

For most characters x, \x is equivalent to x. \ is specifically useful when the character following it has special meaning--it removes special meaning from that character:

$ rm -v Stupid\ Scheme\ to\ Make\ \$\$\$\$\$\$\ Quick\!\!\!\!.pdf
removed ‘Stupid Scheme to Make $$$$$$ Quick!!!!.pdf’

When \ is enclosed in double quotes ("), it works differently, as described above. It then has special meaning only when the following character is special, and otherwise is interpreted literally.

Manually writing commands with \ is especially useful and appropriate when you don't have to use very many of them, and can be somewhat inefficient otherwise.

For example:

ek@Ilex:~$ pastebinit <<< Hello,\ world!
http://paste.ubuntu.com/8390449/

(A single ! character at the end of an argument doesn't need to be quoted.)

Combining Different Forms of Quoting

Suppose you wanted to couldn't wouldn't shouldn't can't won't don't!! to appear literally. An easy way to achieve this would be to quote it as:

"couldn't wouldn't shouldn't can't won't don't"'!!'

Or (since \ before ! only fails to be removed when double-quoted):

"couldn't wouldn't shouldn't can't won't don't"\!\!

This can be combined with, and may be considered a variation on, quoting only part of an argument, as discussed above.

Sources / Further Reading

Bash Reference Manual (see this page for other formats)
man bash (a.k.a. bash(1), the bash manpage)


Broken packages on Codeblocks Installation

Codeblocks appears to be in the Ubuntu Repository.

Start by purging the installation you have now.

sudo apt purge codeblocks

Then reinstall:

sudo apt install codeblocks -y

To fix broken packages it is normally helpful to run:

sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt install -f

One after another.
In future to update it all you should need to do is run

sudo apt upgrade codeblocks


You can try
alsactl init
which initialize all sound devices to a default state.


PDF file renaming according to metadata?

This is very easy to achieve with exiftool.

For instance, the following command would rename all files in the current directory to <title>.extension:

exiftool '-filename<$title.%e' .

You can install exiftool on Ubuntu with:

sudo apt-get install libimage-exiftool-perl

Please consult the official documentation for more information:

http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/filename.html


Hard drive location keeps changing after upgrade to 13.04

Since they're internal drives, it makes most sense to mount them statically. You can add lines to your /etc/fstab file in order to define your own mount point. See for example mine (I have two partitions apart from /, which I have mounted to /data/ and /media/Windows, for instance)

First, run sudo blkid, this will tell you the UUID for all drives attached to your system. Then add the following lines before the line #swap was on /dev/sdb5 during installation:

#Entry for /dev/sdc1
UUID=[UUID]    [mountpoint]    [type]    defaults    0    [pass]

where [UUID] is the number you found from blkid, [mountpoint] is a directory (you can create this wherever you want, possibly requiring sudo mkdir if in the root of the system); [type] is the filesystem in use (usually ext4 or ntfs), and [pass], from what I can gather, is best put as 2 for a secondary ext4 drive or 0 for an ntfs one (it has to do with how the filesystem checker, fsck, behaves with it - this could be false advice for ntfs, but for me at least it's trundled along quite nicely)

See here for further guidance: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MoveMountpointHowto

Hope this helps!


Password Manager for Ubuntu with ports available for android

KeepassX is a frontend for Keepass and there are various Keepass apps for Android. You can put the Keepass database on Dropbox or a similar online storage to share it between platforms.


sudo dhclient -r should release the current IP configuration, and sudo dhclient should get a new ip address after that. I'd personally prefer to run ifup ethX then ifdown ethX where ethX is the devicename to disconnect and reconnect the network, in case there's anything else that needs resetting


How do I remove Xubuntu 14.04 without the command line

Boot to your live install disk.  Run the Try option.  Run gparted.  Then Delete or Format the partition where you installed Xubuntu.

If you are running the FreeDos os you can boot to it instead of the Live install disk.  Run gparted from that session and remove your Xubuntu installation.


How to forget wireless networks from command line?

For connections managed via network-manager, it should be possible to do that via the nmcli interface e.g. to delete wireless connections older than one day

nmcli -t -f TYPE,TIMESTAMP,UUID con list |
  awk -F\: -v oldts="$(date +%s -d '1 day ago')" '$1 == "802-11-wireless" && $2 < oldts {print $3}' |
  while read -r uuid; do
    nmcli con delete uuid "$uuid"
  done

or (perhaps a bit nicer) something like

#!/bin/bash

oldstamp=$(date +%s -d '1 day ago')

while IFS=\: read -r contype timestamp uuid
do
  case "$contype" in
    802-11-wireless)
      if ((timestamp < oldstamp)); then
        nmcli con delete uuid "$uuid"
      else
        echo "$uuid: too new: skipping"
      fi
    ;;

    *)
      echo "skipping connection type $contype"
    ;;
  esac
done < <(nmcli -t -f TYPE,TIMESTAMP,UUID con list)

The privilege escalation should be handled by dbus/policykit, so sudo shouldn't be required to delete connections created by the invoking user.


As mentioned in the comment above, this is standard gnome-shell behavior.  If you need access to the menu you can type alt space and the menu should pop up.  If you just want to close the application you click on it's name in the panel at the top and hit quit.  If you just want it in a window again, you can click and hold in the menu bar and "pull" it out of maximize.  You can change this behavior as well by editing the style sheets for the theme you are using.  If you are using the default theme you can change this behavior by

gksudo gedit /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml

and changing the value of has_title to true on this line.

<frame_geometry name="max" title_scale="medium" parent="normal" rounded_top_left="false" rounded_top_right="false" has_title="false">


If you replaced Nautilus with Thunar (How?), there is no desktop because Nautilus draws the desktop, so if it's not running you don't have a desktop.

So run it (you will get a Nautilus window though). Or, use xfdesktop to draw the desktop and replace Nautilus for this task and keep Thunar.


Stop using flash? Or improve the flash experience?

On sites that support it, set videos to use HTML5.

For flash only sites you could use one of the free flash implementations - Gnash and Lightspark.

If you want to avoid flash plugins completely, you can attempt to download the video and then play with VLC. There are some programs that can help to do this. The following are available from the software repositories:

youtube-dl (command line) - downloads videos from youtube
clive (command line) - downloads videos from a number of websites
cclive (command line) - a C++ rewrite of clive
abby (graphical) - A GUI frontend to clive or cclive

Not all video websites are supported but for some that aren't you may be able to find the URL of the video that is streaming and download it using wget or a GUI downloader such as d4x. Finding the video URL will require looking at the HTML code. To do this in chromium, you can right click next to the video and click 'inspect element'. You will be able to find the video URL within <embed></embed> tags. It will typically have a .flv or .avi extension. This will only work for websites that do not encrypt the URL (like youtube and megavideo do).

You can 'stream' a video (play it while it is downloading) by opening VLC and using Media->Open File... and locating the video or running vlc FILE in a terminal.

There are also browser extensions available, such as this one for firefox.


How to set a higher resolution for 2 external monitors?

According to the specs of Intel Corporation UHD Graphics 620 [1], it should be able to support up to 3 monitors up to 4096x2304@60Hz. However, the limiting factor seems to be the docking station. According to the compatibility matrix of the Lenovo ThinkPad Thunderbolt 3 Dock Gen 2 [2] it only supports 2 or 3 monitors (built-in monitor + 2 external monitors) at a maximum resolution of 3840x2160 if used at 30Hz. Unfortunately, I was not able to set both my screens to 3440x1440@30Hz but only one and the other on 2560x1080@30Hz which is okay. Still wondering though why it does not work with both on maximum resolution... Nevertheless, I'm fine with both on a reasonable 21:9 resolution for now. I used the following commands, in case someone else experiences the same issue with external monitors at 60 Hz on a higher resolution and wants to also try it out on 30 Hz:

$ cvt 2560 1080 30
# 2560x1080 29.97 Hz (CVT) hsync: 33.03 kHz; pclk: 106.75 MHz
Modeline "2560x1080_30.00"  106.75  2560 2640 2896 3232  1080 1083 1093 1102 -hsync +vsync

$ cvt 3440 1440 30
# 3440x1440 29.95 Hz (CVT) hsync: 43.96 kHz; pclk: 196.25 MHz
Modeline "3440x1440_30.00"  196.25  3440 3600 3952 4464  1440 1443 1453 1468 -hsync +vsync

# Take values from the cvt commands above
xrandr --newmode "2560x1080_30.00"  106.75  2560 2640 2896 3232  1080 1083 1093 1102 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --newmode "3440x1440_30.00"  196.25  3440 3600 3952 4464  1440 1443 1453 1468 -hsync +vsync

# Use for $1 and $2 whatever xrandr returned, like DP-2 etc.
xrandr --addmode $1 "2560x1080_30.00"
xrandr --addmode $2 "3440x1440_30.00"

xrandr --verbose --output $1 --mode "2560x1080_30.00"
xrandr --verbose --output $2 --mode "3440x1440_30.00"

[1] https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/products/126789/graphics-drivers/graphics-for-8th-generation-intel-processors/intel-uhd-graphics-620.html

[2] https://support.lenovo.com/in/en/solutions/pd029622


For me, the smallest increase that works is 13. Decreases of any size dim the screen, although I cannot see any difference between -dec 1 and -dec 10