Not able to play filename.avi file in VLC

The video has possibly got corrupted while sending. To confirm this you can check the md5sum or sha256sum values of both the files. In case the file is corrupted, it would have different values than that of the original.

To check md5sum values open a terminal and go to the directory in which the file is located. Run md5sum filename.avi. This will produce the md5sum value of the file. Repeat the process for copied file. Alternatively, you can redirect the output to a file using md5sum filename.avi > md5dum.txt and then copy the file to the same location where the new file and check it there using md5sum -c md5sum.txt


After installing xampp on ubuntu

download latest version of codeigniter from terminal

wget https://github.com/bcit-ci/CodeIgniter/archive/3.0.4.zip
unzip the file that

unzip ~/3.0.4.zip
go to home folder codeigniter file as CI
copy the CI which is in home dir to htdocs of xampp

sudo cp -a /home/system5/CI /opt/lampp/htdocs
type

http://localhost/CI/

and check codeigniter page is displaying or not


What does "changes to it will not persist across an instance" actually mean in 50-cloud-init.yaml

The "not across an instance" warning means that if you enter changes to the yaml file in an image that still has to perform it's first cloud-init run (on boot), the changes will be overwritten by cloud-init.

Cloud-init is used tot configre stuff on first boot. To that end it changes files on first (and optionally even subsequent) boots. The 50...yaml file is one of them.

Once cloud-init has run a first time on an image, it will not again run those changes.

The warning thus advices not to change the file on raw, unused system images for  containers and virtual machines and the like.

By the way, a 'cloud-init clean' command would revert the cloud-init status to "never run before" and so would regeneratie the 50....yaml file also.


Cannot log in (nothing happens after entering password) after pressing a key combination at restart

When you pressed a key combination CTRL+ALT+(F1, 1, 2, F2). It's only show nothing.

You just needs type,

CTRL+F12 for Show Desktop KDE.
ALT+D or ALT+S for show Desktop Settings.
ALT+F3 for Open the Window Operations Menu.
CTRL+ESC for show System Activity.
ALT+SPACE or ALT+F2 for show Run Command Interface.

See more for another Description a key combination of KDE Desktop please see this.

Hope this helps.


winetricks sha1sum mismatch rename and try again

The most conservative approach to this issue is to do exactly as the error command suggests and rename the file with this single command:

mv -v /home/.cache/winetricks/win2ksp4/W2KSP4_EN.EXE \
      /home/.cache/winetricks/win2ksp4/W2KSP4_EN.EXE_bak

And this might be enough. However if the issue recurs you can try an updated copy of winetricks:

sudo apt-get remove winetricks
wget  https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Winetricks/winetricks/master/src/winetricks
chmod +x winetricks
sudo mv -v winetricks /usr/local/bin

And then you will have access to the newest version of winetricks which should not contain the 'shasum mismatch' error. The latest version that I have tested (after downloading and installing in this manner) is shown as follows:

andrew@ilium~$ winetricks --version
20191224-next - sha256sum: d8ac5e46ad4351faf3a3c6879044d059488001f3dd9364a5651c9e041cb97326
andrew@ilium~$

If this does not work out for you for whatever reason, and you wish to return to the Repository version of winetricks use the following commands in a Terminal screen:

sudo rm /usr/local/bin/winetricks
sudo apt-get install winetricks

And your system will then have returned to default: the Repository version of winetricks...

References:

WineHQ Wiki: Winetricks


12.04 lts stuck on "preparing to install"

The problem would be caused by an untidy partition. So you want to format the drive you are longing to use for the installation.
For that ,
 Step 1 :  Live boot the OS from the dvd.
Step 2 : Open the Disk Manager and format the drive with the Ext4 FileSystem.

Reinstall Ubuntu and you are done.


How do I render SVG files with subpixel hinting for text?

http://libregraphicsworld.org/blog/entry/getting-crisper-text-out-of-inkscape should help you :)
This blog post advises to select File → Save a Copy → Cairo PNG for cairo-based rendering.


Though some people may advice against this, however, with hindsight, I have never experienced any negative impact of this. Instead of exporting the PATH to .bash_profile, export to .bashrc as follows:

echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/kalyan/Downloads/Delphi_Dp' >> ~/.bashrc


Ubuntu 19.04 installed into WSL "Windows System for Linux" on Win10 host - How? Will it run Graphics intensive programs?

If you want to run GUI apps, you need to run a Xserver like VcXsrv or X411. Then run export DISPLAY=`cat /etc/resolv.conf|grep nameserver|awk '{print $2}'`:0

Set your Xserver like this---To allow remote access

You can run any GUI apps now!

I haven't tried OpenCPN but Avogadro and CERN ROOT works great by this way.


What exactly is an "Ubuntu App", as made with the Ubuntu SDK?

I think that what an "Ubuntu app" is is really written in the explanation, i.e. a program that can work on Ubuntu (both Desktop and Touch).

With that SDK you can create QML and/or HTML5 applications.

This means that they can work on all the desktops that support these formats. I personally do not know a list of desktops with such capabilities, apart from the default Ubuntu interface, Unity.

The SDK is built thinking of Ubuntu (it is Ubuntu SDK, not Kubuntu, Xubuntu, Ubuntu Gnome, Ubuntu Mate, ecc) and gives easy access to the services provided by Ubuntu (such as Content Hub, as explained in the Platform section).

I guess that it can be easily adapted to write programs for other desktops that take advantages of QML and HTML5.


It seems you have to set up DHCP to issue v6 requests on dhclient.conf.

Check this out: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DHCPv6 (ISC DHCP v6 Client section).

There it suggests you can enable it by adding this line to /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf:

send dhcp6.oro 1, 2, 7, 12, 13, 23, 24, 39;

If you want to dig further on DHCP client settings refer to its man page, accessible either via the man dhclient.conf and this link: http://linux.die.net/man/5/dhclient.conf


Cron to send email if file doesn't exist

I see two general solutions. One is to make cron notify you of the results of commands it runs. Specifically, the crontab(5) man page states that

  cron(8) will look at MAILTO if it has any reason to send mail as a
  result of running  commands  in  ``this''  crontab.  If MAILTO is
  defined (and non-empty), mail is sent to the user so named.

Just put a line like the following in the head of your crontab file:

MAILTO=username@domain.com

Alternatively, if you want a more specialized solution, you can create a script and put it in place where it is guaranteed to be found (like /bin). The script itself would check whether the actual script is present, if yes, run it, if not, send you a notification. Something along the following lines:

#!/bin/bash

myscript=/path/to/your/script
myemail=username@server.org

if [ -f "$myscript" ] ; then
    exec "$myscript"
else
    mail -s "Error running $myscript" $myemail <<EOF
There was an error running the script
$myscript
The script could not be found
EOF
fi

You could even make it generic:

#!/bin/bash

myscript=$1
shift 1
params=$*
myemail=username@server.org

if [ -f "$myscript" ] ; then
    exec "$myscript $*"
else
    mail -s "Error running $myscript" $myemail <<EOF
There was an error running the script
$myscript
The script could not be found
EOF
fi


How to set chromium to open word documents with libreoffice?

Chromium uses xdg-open to open the application for a file type. So, all you need to do is adjust your xdg configuration, or in other words change the default application that handles a particular file type.

To associate a particular application to a file type or Mime Type (MIME stands for Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions), we make an entry in ~/.local/usr/share/applications/mimeapps.list stating that a particular application to be opened when a file with the correspoding mime type is opened.

I've provided sources below, in case you want to know more about mime types

In this case, do the following:

Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T).
Run the following command to make an entry:

xdg-mime default libreoffice-writer.desktop application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master application/vnd.sun.xml.writer application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.template application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.global application/msword application/vnd.ms-word application/x-doc application/x-hwp application/rtf text/rtf application/vnd.wordperfect application/wordperfect application/vnd.lotus-wordpro application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroenabled.12 application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroenabled.12 application/vnd.ms-works application/vnd.stardivision.writer-global application/x-extension-txt application/x-t602 text/plain

In case, you've Libreoffice 4 installed, run:

xdg-mime default libreoffice4.0-writer.desktop application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master application/vnd.sun.xml.writer application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.template application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.global application/msword application/vnd.ms-word application/x-doc application/x-hwp application/rtf text/rtf application/vnd.wordperfect application/wordperfect application/vnd.lotus-wordpro application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroenabled.12 application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroenabled.12 application/vnd.ms-works application/vnd.stardivision.writer-global application/x-extension-txt application/x-t602 text/plain

You might need to logout and login again for the changes to take effect.

Further information & Sources:

http://www.packtpub.com/article/control-of-file-types-in-ubuntu
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIME
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_media_type
http://www.libre-software.net/change-the-default-application-ubuntu-linux
http://blog.radevic.com/2012/02/how-to-set-default-apps-aka-how-to-use.html


lsof -i will list the applications that are accessing the network. There are some helpful examples in the man page but you might also want to look at Track network connections with LSOF on Linux.


Run this in the terminal:

nmcli radio all on

For more options read the manpage for nmcli.


how to install software through software center?

Search for a software and click on the result. You will get an option to install it, as shown below. If you click install it will ask for your password and you are good to go!


There is a directory /etc/network/if-up.d. Scripts in this directory are runs when new connection are established. I write script that checks connection mode of wifi network and if it's Open or WEP connection is dropped.

#!/bin/bash

encryption=$(wpa_cli status | grep pairwise_cipher | cut -d "=" -f 2)
wifiname=$(wpa_cli status | grep -w ssid | cut -d "=" -f 2)
interface=$(wpa_cli status | grep interface | cut -d " " -f 3 | tr -d "'")

if [[ $encryption == WEP* ]]; then
    nmcli device disconnect $interface
fi
if [[ $encryption == NONE ]]; then
    nmcli device disconnect $interface
fi


Undefined references to powl and log10 even though -lm is used (Trusty via Travis)

Adding this here from a comment as it was not posted as an answer. Had to read the comments to resolve the issue. I was working on regldg (http://regldg.com/docs/command_line_args.php) which had the same issue. I did add #include "stdint.h" in the code, but I suspect adding -lm after the command manually is what fixed the problem

  "putting -lm after everything else fixed it."

For regldg, the solution was:

gcc -O3 -Wall -g alt.o altlist.o build_structs.o char_set.o data.o debug.o grouplist.o grouprecord.o main.o memory.o parse_regex.o program_args.o re_perm.o silist.o tnode.o vlr.o vlrlist.o -o regldg -lm


Fn keys and card reader not working in Asus k55

It seems the card reader problem has already been solved: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/udisks/+bug/971876

In my case it worked just downloading and installing the package, after a reboot, but you might prefer to follow the full procedure.

From the information you provided, we have the same operating system, motherboard and card reader, so I hope this solution will work for you, too.

About the Fn-keys problem, it's a different issue and I honestly don't know the solution. If someone else will find it, I hope they'll give you (us) an answer :)


Touchpad on Gateway LT2802u Netbook doesn't work

Try the following in a terminal window:

synclient TouchpadOff=1


How to setup media-server on ubuntu watch movies on mobile in local network and from internet?

Kodi (xmbc) is a far better solution in my opinion. It takes some set up but the possibilities are endless including adding your own personal pvr. Also has integration with trakt, YouTube and hundreds of other addons! In other works it rocks! Check it out here!

Comparison between Plex and Kodi


ng serve opens editor instead of serving app, how to exit it

To quit, just press:

[Ctrl] + x
[Ctrl] + c

You will be asked if you wnat to save the file, just say no and confirm yes


There have been several questions about this same problem posted at Ask Ubuntu today. From the recent update history it could be caused by either a kernel update or an Nvidia proprietary graphics driver update. Your computer doesn't have an Nvidia graphics processor, so try booting with an earlier kernel version. Select Advanced options for Ubuntu in the grub boot menu and boot with an earlier kernel version.
If this solves the problem then make it so that you don't have to select that older kernel version every time you want to boot Ubuntu. Make a note of which kernel version was causing the problem. Uninstall the kernel version that was causing the problem. Then prevent the older kernel version from upgrading to it again by following the instructions in the answers to Blacklist only one specific version of a package for upgrades.
Alternatively there is already a new kernel in both focal-proposed and groovy-proposed.


Acer H243H external monitor distorted in Ubuntu 16.04 and up

I'm wondering about this too. Ubuntu based distrubutions always do this to me. Manjaro is the only one that I haven't had this happen before. The only fix I know is is using

xrandr -s 1920x1080 -r 60

Do you by any chance use 144hz monitor?


Is there a way to detect whether a skype call is in progress? (dbus? pulseaudio usage?)

Well, this may not be the perfect but it is good shell prototype using pactl for monitoring.

Here a part of output when a call is running:

pactl list source-outputs

Source Output #2
    Driver: protocol-native.c
    Owner Module: 8
    Client: 11
    Source: 2
    Sample Specification: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    Channel Map: front-left,front-right
    Format: pcm, format.sample_format = "\"s16le\""  format.rate = "44100"  format.channels = "2"  format.channel_map = "\"front-left,front-right\""
    Corked: no
    Mute: no
    Volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
            balance 0.00
    Buffer Latency: 0 usec
    Source Latency: 66 usec
    Resample method: n/a
    Properties:
        application.icon_name = "chromium-browser"
        media.name = "RecordStream"
        application.name = "Chrome input"
        native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
        native-protocol.version = "30"
        application.process.id = "17053"
        application.process.user = "sneetsher"
        application.process.host = "sneetsher-blueskies"
        application.process.binary = "skypeforlinux"
        window.x11.display = ":0.0"
        application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
        application.process.machine_id = "00074bc0a72a47d49284ce5b9bcda899"
        application.process.session_id = "c4"
        module-stream-restore.id = "source-output-by-application-name:Chrome input"

pactl list sink-inputs

Sink Input #166
    Driver: protocol-native.c
    Owner Module: 8
    Client: 16
    Sink: 1
    Sample Specification: float32le 2ch 44100Hz
    Channel Map: front-left,front-right
    Format: pcm, format.sample_format = "\"float32le\""  format.rate = "44100"  format.channels = "2"  format.channel_map = "\"front-left,front-right\""
    Corked: no
    Mute: no
    Volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
            balance 0.00
    Buffer Latency: 51519 usec
    Sink Latency: 11124 usec
    Resample method: copy
    Properties:
        application.icon_name = "chromium-browser"
        media.name = "Playback"
        application.name = "Skype for Linux Beta"
        native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
        native-protocol.version = "30"
        application.process.id = "17053"
        application.process.user = "sneetsher"
        application.process.host = "sneetsher-blueskies"
        application.process.binary = "skypeforlinux"
        window.x11.display = ":0.0"
        application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
        application.process.machine_id = "00074bc0a72a47d49284ce5b9bcda899"
        application.process.session_id = "c4"
        module-stream-restore.id = "sink-input-by-application-name:Skype for Linux Beta"

Sink Input #167
    Driver: protocol-native.c
    Owner Module: 8
    Client: 17
    Sink: 1
    Sample Specification: float32le 2ch 44100Hz
    Channel Map: front-left,front-right
    Format: pcm, format.sample_format = "\"float32le\""  format.rate = "44100"  format.channels = "2"  format.channel_map = "\"front-left,front-right\""
    Corked: no
    Mute: no
    Volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
            balance 0.00
    Buffer Latency: 28480 usec
    Sink Latency: 11061 usec
    Resample method: copy
    Properties:
        application.icon_name = "chromium-browser"
        media.name = "Playback"
        application.name = "Skype for Linux Beta"
        native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
        native-protocol.version = "30"
        application.process.id = "17053"
        application.process.user = "sneetsher"
        application.process.host = "sneetsher-blueskies"
        application.process.binary = "skypeforlinux"
        window.x11.display = ":0.0"
        application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
        application.process.machine_id = "00074bc0a72a47d49284ce5b9bcda899"
        application.process.session_id = "c4"
        module-stream-restore.id = "sink-input-by-application-name:Skype for Linux Beta"


On complete reinstall and then installing the NVidia driver, it appears that I can't have these specific graphics cards working together.

I have removed the GeForce 210 and just used the 2 GeForce 970.

Also, of super important note: for these I specifically could not use linux kernel 4.4 and on upgrading to the latest 4.7.5 and reinstalling the drivers from NVidia this worked fine.

NVidia: Driver Version: 367.44

Linux: 4.7.5-040705-generic


That is generally a non-fatal message (as was previously described here).  If your virtual machine is not working, the cause is probably elsewhere.


I figured it out, here is the correct syntax:

docker exec mariadb sh -c "exec mysqldump --single-transaction -u ${dbUser} -p'"${dbPassword}"' ${database}" > "${backupdir}/${fileNameBackupDb}"


sudo chown -R $OWNER:$OWNER command error

It seems you have a bigger problem with your websites because the errors from running that command sudo chown -R $OWNER:$OWNER should be this:

chown: missing operand after ‘:’
Try 'chown --help' for more information.

Basically stating that the command does absolutely nothing because it makes no sense as no file was specified (missing operand) and so no changes were made to your system.
No changes so no problem. Now, go ahead and proceed with running the rest of your commands.

The bigger problem I spoke of earlier is that you cannot access your websites anymore. You may want to ask a separate question for that problem to get the help you need.
However, here are some of the basics:
I will say that I'm not so sure $OWNER is correct and it very well may also do absolutely nothing as well but this time with no errors.
You can list all the files ownership and permissions in the current directory with the following command:
ls-l

to list the files of a specific directory, you can specify it like so to show the ownership and permissions for public_html:
ls -l /var/www/domain.com

Typically, all files and directories should be owned by root like so:
sudo chown -R root:root /var/www

If you would like to change ownership to the current user instead of root, you can use this command which is similar to the command you were trying to run earlier:
sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/domain.com/public_html

All directories should be set with chmod to 755 (drwxr-xr-x).
All non-directory files (index.html for example) should be more restrictive and should be set using chmod to 644 (-rw-r--r--)
You could first go ahead and set 755 recursively to all files and directories under /var/www before then setting the individual files to 644 like this:
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www

and this example of setting an individual file to 644
sudo chmod 644 /var/www/domain.com/index.html

and this example would set all files (assuming there are no more directories) contained in the directory public_html to 644.
sudo chmod 644 /var/www/domain.com/public_html/*

Again, use ls -l to verify the permissions are set properly.
example command and  output for a directory with permission set to 755:
ls -l / | grep var
drwxr-xr-x   1 root  root       30 Nov  22 19:25 var

example command and output to list all files in a directory with proper permission set to 644:
ls -l /var/domain.com/public_html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   425 Dec  19 03:18 index.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   425 Dec  19 03:18 example.html


I have the exact same problem.

Installed Compiz Settings Manager and Unity Tweak Tool
because Unity was not responding properly.
Consequence: Nothing shows, no dash, no bar, nothing... just a wallpaper and the mouse.
I tried following this same post: Difference between Login in Ubuntu 14.04 tty1 and Initial Login
I can't log in to tty1. It says my login is incorrect, but I am typing it right with the good password.

POSSIBLE SOLUTION

If you have numbers in your password we might be in the exact same situation. I read on this page Cannot login to any TTYs - Wrong password that NumLock might not be on and might be causing this problem.

Information about how to install NumLock.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NumLock

In my case, I can't find a way to install NumLock following the steps on that page.  Via the System Settings, when I click on Keyboard Preferences everything disappears and I am stuck with just the wallpaper. And I can't open the terminal (CTR + ALT + T does not work). Plus, I can't login to any tty.

(I have to admit that I am more than a newbie and know almost nothing about computers and linux, I just searched forums and read them a lot to come up with all that. So everything here might not be good.)

Let me know if this helps and if any of you have tips on how to fix my situation in the mean time.


Failed to start Load Kernel Modules after upgrading to Ubuntu 18.04

Open a terminal Ctrl+Alt+T and run:

sudo apt-get purge anbox-*


reset default application to open with a file ( .crt)

I am using Ubuntu 18.04.
Right click the file → Select Property → Open With → Reset


root and home are on separate partitions, but home still uses up space on root?

Your root partition is probably filling up with the package cache from system updates. Run sudo apt-get clean to remove package files which where already installed. Apt normally keeps package files after downloading, even though they are already unzipped and installed and have nothing to do with the function of the software anymore.

Apart from that 10 Gig are a little cozy for a contemporary Ubuntu.


software that will use keyword to voice activate an app

You can use CMUSphinx in recently implmeented keyword spotting mode. Checkout pocketsphinx from subversion trunk and try pocketsphinx_kws tool for keyword spotting. You can run it something like this:

 pocketsphinx_kws -kws "oh mighty computer" -infile file.wav

You can read from microphone too.


Is it safe to Install Both Redis and MySQL on the same system?

You shouldn't have any problems running both of them on the same system.


Here are an explanation of the sudo dpkg --configure -a command (all information is available in the man file, each of which is web linked below) :

sudo gives root privilege to your command (necessary for dpkg command`)
dpkg is a package manager, notably used for Debian and Debian-derived distros such as Ubuntu; it's an alternative way to install package next to apt (apt use internally dpkg command, but is easier to use due to repository automatic management)
--configure -a is an option of dpkg. In this case, it tells dpkg to just do the configuration of all non configured package (-a is here to say all); globally, all unpackaged packages not now installed would be installed by using this option

NB :--pending option behind --configure is equivalent to -a

If you don't really understand some part, just comment my answer


Unable to install postgresql-server through preseed

This might not be helpful, but it is worth a try. Did you try to use the netboot image as base image?

If you want to try the netboot image, you could fork our lightweight project.


Getting root permissions on a file inside of nano?

The simplest solution is to save the current content to a different file (best within your home directory, say ~/mytemporary-savefile), then exit nano.

After that you copy the saved file over the original file with sudo cp ~/mytemporary-savefile /etc/somefile.txt


Creating a bootable USB with saved configurations

Persistent USB with easy to reset writable partition
The only thing that changes on a mkusb persistent USB is the persistence partition, casper-rw (nowadays labeled writable) and the NTFS usbdata partition.

With mkusb the system partition is read only and can't be corrupted. Mkusb comes with an option for making backups of your home folder, the most likely item to get corrupted.

It is also possible to make a backup image of your writable partition using the included Gnome-Disks and then store the image in mkusb's usbdata partition, so that the persistence partition can be reset, (overwritten), as needed. Just boot using mkusb's toram mode when overwriting partitions.


Downloading Ubuntu on an old Dell desktop

So what OS does that another computer have from which you downloaded the OS?
Okay, by the way follow my steps:

If using Ubuntu

install unetbootin from here
Select the ISO option and locate the iso file and select it.
*IMPORTANT Select USB Drive from "Type" and select your drive if you have multiple drives attached to your computer.
Press OK and wait for the process to complete.
Remove the drive if a prompt shows that the process is complete.

If using windows(any version):

Download and install unetbootin from here
Do the same steps from above above step 2(lol)
Remove the usb when process is complete.

INSTALLATION:

Plug the usb after powering off the computer.
Power on the pc and select the usb from boot options( Press f8,f10,f12 or del to get boot options).
Select usb drive from boot options.
Another boot option comes up which is created by unetbootin.
Select "Install Ubuntu" from the options and press enter.
Complete the process of installation.
Reboot computer and remove usb drive.
Run sudo apt update and sudo apt upgrade so that the softwares are uptodate.


Without seeing a solution by now but for the sake of keeping ur gf in the light of a real os : did u chk the logs (/var/log) maybe theres a hint, u may try another browser too (midori eg) but if u say the connection is ok but the browsers dont work anymore, maybe theres smthng wrong with the DNS. we should find out what exactly happens when booting up that differs from simply restarting the network.
And : r u sure everything is ok on the other end (router, static / dynamic ip , filters etc) ?

good luck man, may the gnuforce keep overhand on that hardware (-:


How do I get security updates for restricted/partner packages?

No security updates for partner by default

You will get security updates for all your regular repositories, including main, restricted, universe and multiverse, but not for partner.

The top-level structure of the precise-security repository makes this quite clear:

Why not?

The packages in partners are basically proprietary binaries wrapped in a .deb. Incremental "security" updates are not released for these, just regular updates (new versions), which may include security updates. To find out if an update addresses security issues, either look at the provider's page for the update or in the changelog at the launchpad "source" page. The latter is typically easier, e.g. for Adobe Reader (acroread), go to:

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/acroread

Expanding the latest release for Precise 12.04 shows you the changelog (emphasis added):

New upstream release, addresses security issues:
http://www.adobe.com/support/security/bulletins/apsb12-08.html
CVE-2012-0774
CVE-2012-0775
CVE-2012-0776
CVE-2012-0777

Well, how do I quickly check for regular updates to partner, then?

The partners repository contains just fifteen packages, and I imagine even regular updates are infrequent (think Adobe Reader). Given the tiny size (5 kb) of the partner update file, I'd just add the actual repository (deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner) to any "quick check" sources.list file.

  Note: While precise-security exists on the partner server, it is (as expected) empty.


There are many things that could have happened.

you can try reinstalling grub.
try booting with usb/live cd and hunt for issue there, ie, disk check, log check
you can try to access recovery in the grub menu list, maybe its a graphics error


How to create a group and sets the permissions for different users?

One way you could do that is by using the chmod command. It works like this:

chmod [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...

Then you could have the viewers group have other permission, the users group have regular permission, and the administrators group have root permissions.
I hope this helped with your problem!


Is it possible for a bug in the source code ports of the network(TCP/IP)?

Read man 2 bind;man 7 raw;man socket. Also read the "SEE ALSO" recommendations.

When a server starts, it creates a socket, and configures the socket to read from a specific port.

Other systems may send TCP/IP packets to the server, on the specified port.

It's up to the server to decide what to do with the data.

There is a list of well-known ports that most servers follow, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Well-known_ports  but it's voluntary and configurable. For example, a web server listening on port 80 is no different than a web server listening on port 8080, except that it opens a non-privileged port.

A server is not "placed in the operating system kernel", it's run a a regular program. Additional privileges are necessary if the server wants to open a "privileged" port (1-1023), but well-written servers relinquish the privilege after opening a socket on the privileged port.


This is a known bug. You can use this command:

  sudo iwlist scan

or

  sudo wpa_cli scan

to scan manually. This is a temporary solution. You either need scripts or other methods to fix the situation permanently.


This doesn't seem to be specific to particular graphics cards. It just appears that the framebuffer code or the choice when to use it is less robust on some newer Ubuntu versions. I am encountering the same on some of my machines. What you can do is on the grub prompt use vbeinfo and see which graphic modes are supported. Then after booting do

sudo editor /etc/default/grub

and uncomment the line #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480, i.e. remove the #. Then adjust the resolution to a value that was listed as supported by grub on the prompt.

After that run:

sudo update-grub

and test by rebooting.

If you want to get rid of the progress screen and prefer the classic console output, simply don't edit the line mentioned above and instead uncomment the line #GRUB_TERMINAL=console.


Kubuntu has two different User Management programs in "System Settings"

KDE / Kubuntu user managers

KDE user tool: http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=kuser&searchon=names&suite=all&section=all

Old Kubuntu user tool: http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=userconfig&searchon=names&suite=all&section=all

Current Kubuntu user tool: http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=user-manager&searchon=names&suite=all&section=all

You could install/remove the packages.

More of the Kubuntu user management can be found from the Kubuntu Forums thread: https://www.kubuntuforums.net/showthread.php?59417-User-Management


There is workaround for this.
Open dconf editor and change setting named:

org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences.theme

to your theme (Adwaita or just enter Default)


Not Getting OS Selection menu after Boot-Repair

From the screenshot,it was clearly shown that you installed Windows on a logical partition.Windows doesn't boot from a logical partition,it only boots from a primary partition.
So delete /dev/sda8 and install windows on a primary partition other than extended partition.
For this,follow the below steps.

Boot ubuntu-live-disk(so that your ubuntu partition will be unmounted and you will be able to resize it) and install gparted by running the below commands on terminal,

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gparted && sudo gparted

Right click on the /dev/sda8 ntfs partition and delete it by selecting delete option.
Now the unallocated spaces before and after /dev/sda8 combine into one.(unallocated space= 3.74 MB+100.09 GB+4.74MB).
Then you have to move the total unallocated space,just below to the /dev/sda7 linux-swap partition,so that the total unallocated space will be throw out of the extended partition.For this,
Right click on the dev/sda6 and select Resize/Move option.Click on the slider and move it to the left atmost.
Now the unallocated space comes just below to the /dev/sda6.

Try the same like i did on step 5 to move the unallocated space just below to the /dev/sda7 linux swap partition.
Now the total unallocated space of about 100 GB are comes at the last of the extended partition.Now right-click on the extended partition and click on the Resize/Move option then you can be able to shrink or shorten the extended partition to throw 100 GB unallocated space out of the extended partition.
Right click on the unallocated space just below to the extended partition and select New option.
From that create a new primary ntfs partition.And then install Windows os on it.


apt-get install php5-imap (missing dependancies)

After going around and around trying to figure this out, it ultimately ended up being an old repository. I removed it and the current one picked up all the required upgrades. A little painful to find.


Auto Mount in Virtual Box and Ubuntu 13.04

Starting with version 4.0, VirtualBox can mount shared folders automatically, at your option. If automatic mounting is enabled for a specific shared folder, the Guest Additions will automatically mount that folder as soon as a user logs into the guest OS.

So you first have to install the guest addition in your VM.

Note:

  Access to auto-mounted shared folders is only granted to the user
  group vboxsf, which is created by the VirtualBox Guest Additions
  installer. Hence guest users have to be member of that group to have
  read/write access or to have read-only access in case the folder is
  not mapped writable.

Ensure that the targeted users have been made member of the group vboxsf.

Source: https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch04.html#sf_mount_auto


Where do I change the screensaver options in 13.04?

Change settings for the time it takes for the screen to blank out in:

System Settings --> Brightness & Lock --> Turn screen off when active for: <5 minutes>


How to reset ubuntu to default display settings after failed nVidia driver install attempt?

From the black screen where the computer has stopped when booting it, open a text-only virtual console by using the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Alt+F3.
At the login: prompt type your username and press Enter.
At the Password: prompt type your user password and press Enter.
Now you are logged in to a text-only console, and you can run terminal commands from the console. In this example, assume that you have downloaded an NVIDIA driver file called /NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-346.72.run from the official NVIDIA website to your Downloads folder and installed it.

cd ~/Downloads ## change directory to the location of the graphics driver that you downloaded from the official NVIDIA website
sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-346.72.run --uninstall
sudo reboot

Replace the location and driver name in the above commands with the location and name of the driver that you installed. If you can't remember the name of the graphics driver file that you installed, use the ls command to list the contents of the directory where the graphics driver file that you downloaded is located.

When you reboot the computer it will be using the Nouveau default open source graphics driver that is built-in in Ubuntu.


replace your_username, shown below, with your username

boot the computer and observe the GRUB menu
choose advanced options
choose root access
type sudo mount -o remount,rw /
type cd /home/your_username
type sudo chown your_username:your_username .ICEauthority
type sudo chown your_username:your_username .Xauthority
type reboot
login like normal


Dict - a CLI client to dictd server (offline usage):

Installation:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) universe"

(to allow Universe repo)

sudo apt-get install dict
sudo apt-get install dictd

Installing English dictionary databeses (gcide, wn, devil):

sudo apt-get install dict-gcide
sudo apt-get install dict-wn
sudo apt-get install dict-devil

Installing English Thesaurus database (moby-thesaurus):

sudo apt-get install dict-moby-thesaurus

this is an offline terminal based dictionay.


I figured it out. I ran

 sudo update-alternatives --config java

and found that my java was not selected. I selected it and now java -version returns 1.6.


How do you remove the Network icon from Gnome Shell?

I would suggest using the Evil Status Icon Forever extension. Install it by clicking the On toggle switch HERE and open and edit the extension.js once installed:

gnomesu gedit ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/EvilStatusIconForever\@bone.twbbs.org.tw/extension.js

You then change the section below by uncommenting what you'd like to hide, in your case "network" so it would look like so:

var removeStatusIcon = [
    // 'a11y',         // Accessibility
    // 'volume',
    // 'battery',
    // 'keyboard',
    // 'bluetooth',
     'network'
]

Ctrl+s to save.

The reason I don't suggest editing the internal panel JavaScript or modifying the network applets js itself either, is because upon updating either of these could be easily replaced and you would have to reapply your changes.


Optical drive not recognized after 14.04 update

The cd/dvd cd should be "mounted" at the /media/user
So, type in your terminal:

gksudo nautilus

then input your root password. After that, navigate to Computer.
Find your /media and Right Click -> Properties. At the permission tab, you can change the permission for "Others" to "access files". If you have more than one standard user, you can do the same to only a desired user.


Nvidia driver 410 listed by ppa and ubuntu-drivers but does not seem to be installable via apt

Before trying to manually install the proprietary NVIDIA graphics driver version 410.6 I recommended that you try to install it again from the terminal with this command instead.

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-410 && sudo reboot # nvidia-driver-410 has been updated to nvidia-driver-430 in 18.04

Please note that the correct name of the package that you need to install is nvidia-driver-410 (NVIDIA driver metapackage) not nvidia-410. Installing the NVIDIA driver metapackage will install the NVIDIA graphics driver and several of its required dependency packages.

Update: The nvidia-driver-410 package in the Ubuntu 18.04 repositories has been upgraded to nvidia-driver-430.

If sudo apt install nvidia-driver-410 && sudo reboot doesn't work, you can also download the NVIDIA 410.6 graphics driver from the official NVIDIA website and install it manually.

The official NVIDIA DRIVERS Linux x64 webpage -> Supported products tab shows that the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 660M GPU is compatible with the Linux x64 (AMD64/EM64T) Display Driver version 410.6. Click the green Download button on the NVIDIA DRIVERS Linux x64 webpage to download this driver (NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-410.66.run).
Open the terminal and change directories using cd to the directory containing the NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-410.66.run file that you downloaded.
Install NVIDIA Linux x64  Display Driver version 410.6.

sudo chmod +x NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-410.66.run
sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-410.66.run
sudo reboot


Unable to mount location - Can't mount file

I've had several similar issues in the past, with sticks that were previously used on Windows by people who doesn't know how to protect their computer from malware (e.g. my mother). I think it has to be some kind of Virus. Once my problem was solved booting Windows and formatting the stick, which I was't able to achieve with gparted. Once the problem was solved connecting the stick via USB cable to the computer. In other cases I just gave up. Those sticks are made to fail, so don't try too hard.


Where to find and how to use Ubuntu's version of Windows's Run dialog?

I believe that the equivalent of windows "Run" dialog is Alt+F2.

In most Linux systems this will popup a dialog waiting for a command.
In the latest versions of Ubuntu, the Dash will open asking you for a command to run.

Of course, you can use a terminal for commands as well. You can open one using Ctrl+Alt+T.

I believe that things like the run dialog in Windows and Alt+F2 in Linux exist as GUI replacements of the terminal, for simple commands that do not have their own desktop launcher in Windows or desktop file in Linux.


This is a bug in Codeblocks, but I found a way around it.

In general, follow the instructions on adding a keyboard shortcut on the Codeblocks wiki.

Open Settings >> Editor .
On the Editor Tab, scroll down to the Keyboard Shortcuts section.
Expand the Edit section and highlight Comment
On the right, you will see the current assignment of Ctrl+Shift+C

The bug is that for some reason Codeblocks does not recognize the keybinding.

The fix is to simply replace it with the same combination.

Scroll down to the New Shortcut box and click inside.
Press Ctrl+Shift+C
When Codeblocks says the combo is already assigned to Comment, ignore that and click Add and OK.

After that, the keybinding began to work for me.


I solved it by executing the grub-install command, explanations:

As said before, the GRUB is only affected by configuration at booting time by reading the configuration file. The GRUB binaries store the path to this configuration file. In order to set the correct path to the desired configuration file, it is required to update these binaries.

I managed to do it very easily by executing the sudo grub-install command from the OS where the desired configuration is stored (the command does not required any additional parameters).

Now, the GRUB is affected by any change at /boot/grub/grub.cfg.


How to disable touchpad click on Acer Aspire 5742z

1/Paste this code in a file named (randomly ) touchpad.sh file :

#!/bin/sh

#
#    My touchpad for some reason is being reported as a wheel mouse instead of a touchpad so
#    that is the string I search for to get the deviceid
#
DEVICE_ID=`xinput -list | grep -i "wheel mouse" | grep id= | sed 's/.*id=\([0-9]*\).*/\1/' `

if xinput -list-props $DEVICE_ID | grep "Device Enabled" | grep "1$" > /dev/null
then
    xinput set-int-prop $DEVICE_ID "Device Enabled" 8 0
else
    xinput set-int-prop $DEVICE_ID "Device Enabled" 8 1
fi

2/ enable executing

sudo chmod 755 touchpad.sh

3/System --> Preferences --> Keyboard Shortcuts
Create a shortcut to execute this file with command similar bash /path/to/sh/file/touchpad.sh


Executing file with other application through terminal

You have to run it though the JRE, not directly. ie. java -jar myapp.jar

./ Is not actually a command to run a program/script/binary. It simply refers to the current directory. For example, if I have a script, myscript.sh, in my home directory;

I can either run ./myscript.sh or /home/myusername/myscript.sh

Both of those would run the script.

The reason why you couldn't just run myscript.sh is because the termnal would try to interprit it as a known command, and throw this error: myscript.sh: command not found because it isn't smart enough to know that you were trying to direct it to a file in your current dir.


How to download a particular version of libreoffice using sudo cmd?

You can use apt-cache policy to see which versions of a package are available for install:
djrscally@valhalla:~$ apt-cache policy libreoffice
libreoffice:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 1:6.4.4-0ubuntu0.20.04.1
  Version table:
     1:6.4.4-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 500
        500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 Packages
     1:6.4.2-0ubuntu3 500
        500 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 Packages

In other words, 6.4.2 is the lowest version of LibreOffice available in the focal sources. If you check the Ubuntu packages list, you'll see earlier versions in the sources for earlier versions of ubuntu, but it doesn't seem like a very good idea to install those.
The reason being; developers don't like distributing out-of-date software, so it's quite rare that you'll find old versions continuing to be distributed when much newer versions are available.
If you absolutely, desperately need to get version 6.3; there's a PPA for it for some reason. You can add it with:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/libreoffice-6-3
sudo apt-get update

At which point apt-cache policy libreoffice should tell you the 6.3 version is available, and sudo apt-get install libreoffice=6.3.0 ought to work.


Monitoring Landscape on prem server services

Depending on version of Ubuntu you have and Landscape server but here is a good start. Looking into lsctl, which you can use to restart landscape server when required with its services (lsctl restart)

  cat /usr/bin/lsctl

Below is list of services that can be monitored.
    ...

# basename of init script
SVC_APPSERVER="landscape-appserver"
SVC_ASYNC_FRONTEND="landscape-async-frontend"
SVC_JOBHANDLER="landscape-job-handler"
SVC_MSGSERVER="landscape-msgserver"
SVC_PINGSERVER="landscape-pingserver"
SVC_APISERVER="landscape-api"
SVC_JUJU_SYNC="landscape-juju-sync"
SVC_PACKAGEUPLOADSERVER="landscape-package-upload"
SVC_PACKAGESEARCH="landscape-package-search"
SVC_PPPA_PROXY="landscape-pppa-proxy"
SVC_CRON="landscape-cron"
...

Hope this will help.
Thanks


Compiling kdesvn under Xenial Xerus 16.04 can be done but there is
certainly some work to be done and quite a raft of dependencies
to download and install. I give the full method below, follow this
and you should achieve (as I have) a working copy of kdesvn under Xenial.

Note that compiling this application is reasonably arduous and there is a decent PPA for an older version of kdesvn. Details in the 'Notes' section of this answer below.

1. Add a required PPA

Some updated kde libraries are required and this rather big PPA
contains the libraries you will need:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports
sudo apt-get update

2. Add in the dependencies

The following is a single command, simply copy and paste into a Terminal window:

sudo apt-get install \
cmake debhelper extra-cmake-modules gettext libkf5bookmarks-dev \
libkf5config-dev libkf5configwidgets-dev libkf5coreaddons-dev \
libkf5dbusaddons-dev libkf5doctools-dev libkf5i18n-dev \
libkf5iconthemes-dev libkf5itemviews-dev libkf5kio-dev \
libkf5notifications-dev libkf5parts-dev libkf5service-dev \
libkf5texteditor-dev libkf5wallet-dev libkf5widgetsaddons-dev \
libsvn-dev pkg-kde-tools qtbase5-dev build-essential checkinstall

3. Download and compile the latest kdesvn

We can use the very latest version of kdesvn, this will be downloaded,
compiled and installed with the following single command:

mkdir $HOME/kdesvn_build && cd $HOME/kdesvn_build && \
wget https://download.kde.org/stable/kdesvn/2.0.0/kdesvn-2.0.0.tar.xz && \
tar xvf kdesvn-2.0.0.tar.xz && cd kdesvn-2.0.0 && \
sed -i_bak 's/Exec=kdesvn -caption "%c" %u/Exec=kdesvn/' src/org.kde.kdesvn.desktop && \
mkdir build && cd build && cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr .. && make && \
sudo checkinstall -D --install=yes --fstrans=no --pakdir "$HOME/kdesvn_build" \
   --pkgname kdesvn --backup=no --deldoc=yes --deldesc=yes --delspec=yes --default \
   --pkgversion "2.0.0"

Note the small sed adjustment to the source code desktop file for kdesvn
without which the application will not run from a graphical launcher.

4. Run kdesvn:

All running well on my Xenial system as the following screenshot demonstrates:

And should run as well on your own system!!

Notes:

If you are happy to simply use a PPA rather than compile kdesvn you can get a slightly older version (1.7.0) with the following PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:dominik-stadler/dsta-xenial-ppa
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install kdesvn

This was perfectly usable on my Xenial system....
If you are happy with the final result you can then safely delete the
build directory completely:

rm -rfv $HOME/kdesvn_build


How can I add the softwares I have installed from USC of kubuntu 12.04 into kubuntu 12.10 iso installation file

No you can't
Belive me, you can't copy installed s/w to different version of software. But you may can install some packages via aptoncd but still highly dangerous and may lead to system crash .


I do not know if it is normal, or not, because I do not know why the hardware clock should go crazy.  If it's a hardware issue, you could use a software workaround until you fix it.

Thehwclock command should do what you need. You can use it in the terminal, as root, in order to set the system clock from the hardware clock, or to set the hardware clock from the system clock (depending on which one is more reliable):

hwclock --hctosys   or
hwclock --systohc

From the hwclock man page:

   -s, --hctosys
              Set the System Time from the Hardware Clock.

              [...] This  is  a  good  option  to  use  in one of the system startup
              scripts.

       -w, --systohc
              Set the Hardware Clock to the current System Time.


How to uninstall steam64 for linux/ubuntu?

sudo apt-get purge steam-launcher && sudo apt-get autoremove

Post any errors to recieve further assistance.


How can I get Ubuntu to work with Radeon R9 390?

I had success following this post:
https://community.amd.com/thread/220560
specifically, installing dpm query seemed to solve the issue.


Ubuntu 12.04 & Mac Os X - GRUB Rescue prompt SET commands made permanent?

I had a similar problem, where I installed Ubuntu over Kubuntu. I finished installing and started my computer up, and BOOM, I no longer had a menu to choose my OS, only the rescue prompt. I started playing around, and I found out that the fix for me was simple:

I just needed to set a different hard drive to boot from. This probably won't apply if you're using only one hard drive. Somehow, when I installed Ubuntu, the bootloader either got moved or the BIOS got changed, but I had to set the boot order differently to see my menu again. After that, I can now see my grub menu.

Hope this helps!


I guess you are talking about reading the files on the phone. On my phone at least, when I connect to the PC via USB, there is a little icon on the top bar of the android. Clicking to bring down the "menu" you should see an entry like charging via usb. You click on that and see several options. In my case I need to click "file transfer" and then I have access.


How do I save terminal output from multiple commands to one file?

do something like this:

geocode 'New York, NY' --provider google > geocode.txt
geocode 'Chicago, IL' --provider google >> geocode.txt
geocode 'Portland, OR' --provider google >> geocode.txt

the >> command appends the stdout to the existing txt file


According to this thread on Oracle Forums, Jinitiator ain't supported on flavor of Linux and is a Windows-only product. Following is an excerpt from it:

  JInitiator is a Windows only Oracle JVM, enables windows clients to
  access Oracle Forms applications that are served from the Oracle iAS
  Enterprise Edition (Forms Services). It is NOT available for any
  flavor of linux or unix. For linux clients, you can configure the iAS
  forms services (related formsweb.cfg file) to use Sun JRE (1.5 and
  higher). This is how I set up my iAS (10.1.2.0.2) EE server for both
  windows and linux clients to access Oracle Forms. BTW, Jinitiator has
  nothing to do with the database server. It can be distributed to the
  windows clients as a separate file (executable), or it will be
  downloaded from the iAS EE server when the forms services (related
  forms URL) first accessed from the client.  Hope this proves useful.

Translation by GoogleTranslate:

De acuerdo con este tema en los foros de Oracle, Jinitiator no es compatible con el sabor de Linux y es un producto sólo para Windows. A continuación * es un extracto de ella *:

  JInitiator es sólo para Windows Oracle JVM, permite a los clientes de
  Windows para acceder a aplicaciones Oracle Forms que se sirven de la
  Oracle iAS Enterprise Edition (Forms Services). NO está disponible
  para cualquier sabor de Linux o Unix. Para los clientes de Linux,
  puede configurar los servicios de NIC formas (archivo formsweb.cfg
  relacionada) para utilizar Sun JRE (1.5 y superiores). Así es como
  puedo configurar mi NIC (10.1.2.0.2) servidor de EA para los clientes
  Windows y Linux para acceder a Oracle Forms. Por cierto, Jinitiator
  tiene nada que ver con el servidor de base de datos. Puede ser
  distribuido a los clientes de Windows como un archivo independiente
  (ejecutable), o se puede descargar desde el servidor IAS EE cuando los
  servicios de las formas (URL formas conexas) accede por primera vez
  desde el cliente. Espero que esto sea de utilidad.


Have a look in the system folder that gets created when you've made the SD card. There's a file called "network". Open this up and add your WiFi credentials.
It's important that you do this on the first boot, as this file is only read on initial boot.
When the pi is up running you'll be able to find the device IP on the network through the router or by running nmap. If you want to use nmap you'll simply install it with apt install nmap and then
nmap -sn "router gateway"/24
When you've located the device and the IP you'll be able to ssh into it with the username and password ubuntu, e.g.
ssh ubuntu@ip-address
You'll be asked to change password on first login.


Depending on how much RAM your system has, you can get away with using very little swap, and even then, your computer will only use swap when it runs out of space in RAM. Obviously, writing to the SSD will shorten its lifespan, but as long as you avoid using utilities that make many small writes (like defragmentation) you should be fine.

Hibernate works by moving all of the data off of the RAM into swap so that the system can quickly resume when you power back on (you need at least as much swap as RAM). In principle, this will degrade SSD lifespan, but definitely not as much as defragging.

Quantifying how much shorter the lifespan of a SSD is when relying on swap is non-trivial, but I recall reading an article about SSD failure that attempted to see how long a SSD could last under worst case scenarios--the result was that the SSDs lasted longer than expected and failed only after giving good notice.

I'm relatively confident that having a swap partition size slightly larger than your RAM size is not going to significantly shorten your drive's lifespan unless you are actively trying to cause it to fail--I haven't had a drive fail from usage yet. The stigma against SSD lifespan grew largely in their earlier years, and SSDs have improved significantly since then. Make sure that you do some research on the brand, and compare the different NAND technologies to find the one that will best fit your needs; there is a definite difference between the technologies in terms of lifespan and speed that is weighed against cost.

TL;DR If you research your SSD and pick a good one, under reasonable use, having a swap partition should not noticeably shorten your SSDs lifespan.


How can I permanently sync my videos in ubuntu 13.04?

You will need to remultiplex the video and audio streams in a video container file to increase or decrease delay. Tools like avconv (no GUI), mkvmerge (GUI called mmg), and avidemuxer (GUI) can achieve that.


Correct way to install virtual dependency

I would remove the version from your "java-runtime-headless" dependency.

  Virtual packages suffer from some troubling limitations, the most
  significant of which being the absence of a version number.

http://debian-handbook.info/browse/stable/sect.package-meta-information.html

  If you want to specify which of a set of real packages should be the
  default to satisfy a particular dependency on a virtual package, you
  should list the real package as an alternative before the virtual one.

http://sdn.vlsm.org/share/Debian-Doc/debian-policy/ch-relationships.html


command line find replace strings with quotations

The easiest solution is to change the outer quotes to single quotes:

sed 's/"none"/"Unitless"/g'

IMHO it's better to use single-quotes anyhow for literal strings - unless you need the double quote functionality specifically (for example, when using a shell variable in the pattern or replacement text).

Alternatively, escape the literal quotes: "s/\"none\"/\"Unitless\"/g"


Ubuntu 20.04LTS: Grub OS selection menu shows up on restart but not on power on

With 18.04 or later to always see menu, change grub setting & update grub menu with new setting.
sudo nano -B /etc/default/grub

#GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=menu

sudo update-grub

You may also have UEFI fast boot on, which assumes no system changes & immediately reboots. That is different than Windows fast start up.
Note that grub only boots working Windows. If Windows update turns fast start up back on, you have to directly boot Windows from UEFI, not grub. Or you may need your Windows repair/recovery flash drive to fix Windows. Always have both Windows repair/recovery and Ubuntu live installer for current versions of installed operating systems.


Firefox does not open dolphin for inode/directory in kubuntu 15.04

I had the exact same problem, although I tried different things on the web, this was what helped me in the end.

ln -s /usr/share/applications/kde4/dolphin.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/nautilus-folder-handler.desktop

I found the solution thanks to this bug report in audacious.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/audacious/+bug/1196339

As I said, I did try other things before, so maybe it was a combo of the things I did, but I think linking the dolphin.desktop file to the (default) application which should be nautilus-folder-handler.desktop should do the trick.

Hope it helps.

EDIT: After going through all the steps again, I think you also need the following.

$ pwd
~/.local/share/applications

$ cat kde-dolphin.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Exec=dolphin
MimeType=inode/directory
Name=dolphin
NoDisplay=true
Type=Application

$ cat default.list
[Default Applications]
x-directory/normal=kde-dolphin.desktop;kde-kfmclient_dir.desktop;


Run option not highlighted in Netbeans 7.3.1

It seems to me that you installed NetBeans from the repositories. If you did, go to the Plugins Manager (that's on the tools windows I think), and check that you have installed at least the following plugins:

Ant
Java
Java Debugger
NetBeans branding
NetBeans platform

I may be missing something but play around the plugins. When you install NetBeans from the repos, it does not installs much plugins with it, and Java support, as almost everything else in NetBeans, is a plugin.

Good luck!


Different versions of libstdc++6 on 12.04

As you see in the clean installation the 4.8.1-2ubuntu1~10.04.1 version of the package doesn't exist in precise (I'm wondering from where you got it, since only saucy has that package, maybe a PPA). The best method is removing the package and installing from the repositories. In some cases apt-get will refuse so you must force it to do your will:

sudo apt-get -f install libstdc++6=4.6.3-1ubuntu5

I would check for other packages that might have the same condition.


Is there a way I can password protect a folder without encrypting/compressing?

You can just change the directories permissions to 700 (which equals to rwx------ which means no access at all for everybody, except full access for the owner).

That way, no normal user (except your user account!) can enter the directory. They will still be able to see the folder from the outside, but they neither can open it to list its content nor can anybody open files inside it, even if they know the full path and name.

However, when you are logged in and walk away, there is no protection, as this does not affect your own account. You can also decline your own account any permission (set to 000 then), but this can be reverted from your account without password, if one knows how to do so.

So the best option is to change the permissions to 700 (only owner has access) and additionally change the owner to be root. That way, nobody can enter the directory, not even you. And you can not change the permissions of the directory back.

To access your folder anyway, you would then have to be root, which requires one to be logged in with an admin account and to use gksu/gksudo to open a file manager or media viewers like Nautilus and VLC. This however prompts you again for your admin account password, so you are protected from anybody who is no admin and can not become root.

So how to set this up is ridiculously simple. Let's assume the folder you want to protect is /home/MYUSERNAME/Videos/private.

Option 1: Full access for owner (you), but no access for other accounts.

chmod 700 /home/MYUSERNAME/Videos/private

This setting can be undone from your account without password by typing

chmod 775 /home/MYUSERNAME/Videos/private

Option 2: No access for any user including you, so you need to become root to enter the directory.

chmod 000 /home/MYUSERNAME/Videos/private

This can also be reverted from your account without password by

chmod 775 /home/MYUSERNAME/Videos/private

Option 3: No access for any user including you and no chance to revert it from your account, so every action can only be performed as root.

chmod 700 /home/MYUSERNAME/Videos/private
sudo chown root: /home/MYUSERNAME/Videos/private

To revert this setting, you have to do the following (which needs sudo and therefore requires your account password):

sudo chown MYUSERNAME: /home/MYUSERNAME/Videos/private
chmod 775 /home/MYUSERNAME/Videos/private

Note that options 2 recommends and 3 requires you to have an admin account and that all options only can protect you from users without admin accounts and passwords!

Additionally I should mention that one with enough experience and physical access to the machine can also boot it in recovery mode and be root user without having to enter any password. But there is no more secure way unless you use encryption, which you explicitly said you do not want.


This is because the icons are converted from svg files by the tool
/opt/hfs11.1.67/hsvg/hsvg-real (your houdini version might be different)
and this tool depends on a different gtk version and some libraries
need to be an older version then the ones installed on your system.

Try starting houdini from a terminal to see the errors.

A solution is to copy the libraries from an older 11.04 installation:

copy /usr/lib/libgio-2.0.so.0 to /opt/hfs11.1.67/hsvg
copy /lib/libglib-2.0.so.0 /opt/hfs11.1.67/hsvg

DO NOT COPY these libraries directly in your system (that means do not overwrite the files in /usr/lib or /lib) but put them in the hsvg subfolder of your houdini installation otherwise your system might be broken.

If i remember correctly you also need to create some links for your system libraries:

$ cd /usr/lib

$ sudo ln -s libdirectfb-1.2.so.9 libdirectfb-1.2.so.0

$ sudo ln -s libfusion-1.2.so.9 libfusion-1.2.so.0

$ sudo ln -s libdirect-1.2.so.9 libdirect-1.2.so.0

and finally in a terminal do :

$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/hfs11.1.67/hsvg

and start houdini from that terminal by:

$ cd /opt/hfs11.1.67

$ source houdini_setup_bash

$ houdini

The icons are cached and you probably only need to do this once.
After the icons are generated you can start houdini normally from
the gui launcher.


Error uploading update to ubuntu touch app: app version is not different from the earlier one

apparently the problem is that the version you're trying to upload is somehow "lower" than the one already in the system. You should be able to upload version 0.30 (for example) though.


installing - Installing another OS on VirtualBox

There's nothing special about Virtualbox, it will work just like any other software would. As usual with encryption, there may be a performance hit.


Cannot permanently prevent power saving blank screen on Compaq Presario C700 with Ubuntu 12.10

This is how I do it for v12.10

Go to the dconf Editor > settings daemon > plugins > power (schema: org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power)

Make sure the boxes for "idle-dim-ac" and "idle-dim-battery" are both unchecked. That will set both booleans to false. If that doesn't work, there is a work-around in one of the launchpad bug reports: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xorg-server/+bug/1072531/comments/19

If you want to turn all power savings features off completely all at once, uncheck the box at "active" in that power section. IMHO, not a good idea, but you said you were wondering how to do that also.


How to use the VPN depends on how the VPN has been set up.
Assuming that you have a VPN client, and the IP range of the VPN client is in the range of your university you can simply use the IP in the Universities range.

f.e.: My home network IP is 192.168.0.5. I've connected to my VPN and received IP 10.34.0.5 (university range). The FTP server of the university is on 10.34.0.10. You can FTP to this ip now.

If you know an url (f.e. fileserver.intranet.your-university.com) and this url resolves to and IP in your vpn range you can enter this url in your browser.

If however you do NOT know any of this information (what servers / services are available) I can not help you. You need to know where / what you have access to.

Basicly services over VPN work the same as services over the normal internet.


How to recursively delete files filled with zeros?

You should be able to identify sparse files by using the find command:

find -type f -printf "%S\t%p\n" 2>/dev/null | awk '{if ($1 < 1.0) print $1 $2}'

You can probably add some more find parameters to look for semi-sparse files, though those will probably depend more on your specific situation.

source: http://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/view/8757/find-sparse-files


Avconv warning while downloading YouTube video

To answer OP's question the way he wants it:

# before
$ avconv |& grep \ version | awk '{print $3}'
9.18-6:9.18-0ubuntu0.14.04.1,

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:heyarje/libav-11 && sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install libav-tools

# after
$ avconv |& grep \ version | awk '{print $3}'
11.3-6:11.3-1~trusty,

Alternatively, can avconv -version to get avconv latest version


Samba is an implementation of the Server Message Block (SMB)/Common Internet File System (CIFS) protocol for Unix systems, providing support for cross-platform file and printer sharing with Microsoft Windows, OS X, and other Unix systems.

The Official Samba-3 HOWTO and Reference Guide

Samba-3 by Example

Install Samba Server on Ubuntu

Install and Configure Samba Server

Setting Up A Linux File Server Using Samba

Configure Samba Sharing between Ubuntu and Windows

I hope these help.


Can't use auto-completion in gnome-builder for Python -- jedi plugin not found

The gnome-builder plugin system uses Python 3, so make sure Jedi is installed for that Python version.

sudo apt-get install python3-jedi

You can confirm installation is successful by typing the following in the terminal:

python3 -c "import jedi; print(jedi.__file__)"


How you do you create a bash script that will run automatically when Unity startups as a user instead of root?

To make this happen use the cron tool to create a cron job for particular user:

Run:

crontab -u <useranme> -e

Then add this line or similar based on your code:

@reboot /user/local/claymore/mine.sh > /dev/null 2>&1


Adding path to PATH environment variable using bash script in /etc/environment

Please avoid modifing system files. Instead you should place an executable script in /etc/profile.d (scripts in here got executed for every user) to change $PATH value.

/etc/profile.d/10-<package name>.sh

#!/bin/sh
export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/executable


Gnome login screen "loops" after computer has slept

Usually, graphical interfaced (GUI) session is not successfully due to several situations, the most common are:

Corruption of ~/.Xauthority file: this should be corrected by just renaming or deleting this file; at next gui-login, this file is automatically recreated;

Inaccessibility of some config files and/or folders within $HOME folder: It can be corrected by chowning this files for user owner.  Typing
sudo chown username /home/username -hR

will grant all contents within $HOME folder to be accessible to username account;

Not enough space for /home partition: It's necessary to delete not-necessary content or resize this partition, to allow a successful gui-session.


effective user id not changing when setting uid to root

You have changed the suid only for root (u+s, when the owner is root). Do chmod a+s ./uid_demo.

EDIT after the OP posted the code: works for me.

xxxxx@xxxxx:~$ cat > test.c
#include <stdio.h>

int main ()
{
    printf("real uid: %d\n", getuid());
    printf("effective uid: %d\n", geteuid());
}
xxxxx@xxxxx:~$ gcc -o testuid test.c
xxxxx@xxxxx:~$ ./testuid
real uid: 1000
effective uid: 1000
xxxxx@xxxxx:~$ sudo chown root:root testuid
xxxxx@xxxxx:~$ sudo chmod a+s testuid
xxxxx@xxxxx:~$ ./testuid
real uid: 1000
effective uid: 0
xxxxx@xxxxx:~$ ls -l testuid
-rwsrwsr-x 1 root root 8625 Sep 21 14:45 testuid

Here is what you can do: (i) do everything from scratch as shown above. If this does not work, you can try to use strace to see what is happening.


You can have a look at Geary. It has a very clean interface and is quite lightweight.

To install, enter the following in a Terminal -

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yorba/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install geary


PHP7.0-curl and MSSQL Tools Incompatibility

You need to install previous version of extensions ‘common’ and ‘curl’ for php7.0

wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/php7.0/php7.0-common_7.0.28-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb

wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/php7.0/php7.0-curl_7.0.28-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb

sudo dpkg -i php7.0-common_7.0.28-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb

sudo dpkg -i php7.0-curl_7.0.28-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb


NVidia Driver Issue MacBook Pro via Virtualbox

Sine Ubuntu is installed in VirtualBox, it can only see virtual hardware, and thus, installing your real hardware drivers on your guest OS running in your VirtualBox makes your no sense at all.

You can verify what your hardware does your Ubuntu installation has access to by running your lspci command from your Ubuntu terminal.


Glade is crashing in Ubuntu 13.10 when I load a file done in Ubuntu 12.04

This appears to be a known issue with Glade on Ubuntu 13.10.
See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/glade/+bug/1242865

The temporary fix as provided in comment #25 (https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/glade/+bug/1242865/comments/25) works fine for me.


Can't install Ubuntu for several reasons

First, you should not install Ubuntu on a Samsung laptop in EFI mode! The reason is that there's a very serious firmware bug on at least some Samsung models that can cause the computer to be bricked.There's an Ubuntu bug report here:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu-cdimage/+bug/1040557

Matthew Garrett has further information on why it shouldn't be considered fixed, although a workaround is present in the very latest Linux kernels:

http://mjg59.dreamwidth.org/22855.html

IMHO, the only safe way to use a recent Samsung computer at the moment is in BIOS mode. Unfortunately, this means re-installing Windows, or at least converting the installation to boot in BIOS mode rather than in EFI mode. (I hear that's possible, but I don't have a URL describing precisely how to do it.)

As to your problem getting into the firmware, I'm not sure. It could be another symptom of a buggy firmware. There's a tool in Windows 8 that interfaces with the firmware, so you could try using that to do your firmware fiddling, or perhaps it will at least have an option to let you get in via a more conventional route. You might also check with Samsung to see if they've got a firmware update; that might conceivably fix the problem.

Personally, though, if the computer is still within the store's return period, I'd return it for a refund and get something else. A computer that's easily bricked by software is too much of a risk; an accident the day after it goes out of warranty could cost you a lot of money!


Press Ctrl+H in nautilus (the file browser). – nickguletskii. Thank you for "nickguletskii". The above help from "nickguletskii" helped me to view hidden files in my user account. I found the hidden files and the saved game files under the game folder. I didnt have to use nautilus. When I clicked "show hidden files" in the home folder the applications folders appeared


Protocol "https" not supported or disabled in libcurl

Please install curl with SSL

Download:

curl Releases and Downloads

Installing with SSL:

Unzip -> open terminal inside the directory PATH and type:

./configure --with-ssl
make
sudo make install

You can also specify the path to SSL installation, see ./configure --help for details


how to install "Reliance 3G" USB Dongle in Ubuntu 14.04

Got the below information from another Question which was for Airtel (Different Provider), but its working for Reliance as well... I guess should work for all.

To connect without username and password

Network Connection -> Mobile Broadband -> Add

Now there are 5 simple steps; select the natural options:

Select appropriate mobile device : ZTE
Choose country provider/region : India
Choose your provider : Reliance
Choose your Billing Plan : NetConnect (Accordingly)
Confirm Mobile broadband settings (confirm)

Since in my case it was without password, I din't have to do any extra settings related to ip address or any setting in the final dialog.

To connect with username and password

If connection failed you need credentials to connect. To do that,

Open network connections and go to Edit connections...
Under the Mobile Broadband select your connection name and click Edit.
From the editing window you can give Username and Password. (Combo will be net for Reliance).
Then Save and try connecting again.


For future reference, to remove the main Cairo-dock packages from the terminal:

sudo apt-get remove cairo-dock cairo-dock-core

If you want to make sure other packages are removed, you can also add the following:

cairo-dock-plug-ins cairo-dock-plug-ins-data cairo-dock-data


Why doesn't Ubuntu see my PCI card on installs?

Have you tried booting from an alternate CD? Download links: 64-bit version and 32-bit version

I know that many times when I had issues with normal CD the alternate one worked fine. There is installer there also (wizard like). Read about it here: http://releases.ubuntu.com/12.04


problem in entering the Login and Password

This issue occurs if you have tried upgrading system.

Try Following and let us know:

Press CTRL+ALT+F1, enter your login user, pass and run:
sudo chown -R $USER:$USER $HOME
Then press CTRL+ALT+F7 and try to log in

If it appears again, then

Goto Bash (CTRL+ALT+F1) then enter:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
sudo reboot


Unable to do anything because im stuck on a single screen with dual monitor setup

See if you can get into a tty using alt-F2. If you can, look at your settings in

sudo nano ~/.config/monitors.xml

Hope this helps.

Edit:

If you can't alt-F2 from your main account, try booting into recovery mode and opening a shell from there. Then cd into your user profile from root.


All available from Ubuntu software center:

dicomscope. manual page.

sudo apt install dicomscope

  DICOMscope is a free DICOM viewer which can display uncompressed, monochrome DICOM images from all modalities and which supports monitor calibration according to DICOM part 14 as well as presentation states. DICOMscope offers a print client (DICOM Basic Grayscale Print Management) which also implements the optional Presentation LUT SOP Class. The development of this prototype was commissioned by the "Committee for the Advancement of DICOM" and demonstrated at the European Congress of Radiology ECR 1999. An enhanced version was developed for the "DICOM Display Consistency Demonstration" at RSNA InfoRAD 1999. The current release 3.5.1 has been demonstrated at ECR 2001 and contains numerous extensions, including a print server, support for encrypted DICOM communication, digital signatures and structured reporting.

ginkgo-cadx.

sudo apt install ginkgocadx

  Ginkgo CADx is an advanced DICOM viewer and dicomizer (converts png, jpeg, bmp, pdf, tiff to DICOM).

aeskulap

sudo apt install aeskulap

  Aeskulap is a medical image viewer.
  It is able to load a series of special images stored in the DICOM format for review. Additionally Aeskulap is able to query and fetch DICOM images from archive nodes (also called PACS) over the network.
  The goal of this project is to create a full open source replacement for commercially available DICOM viewers.
  Aeskulap is based on gtkmm, glademm and gconfmm and designed to run under Linux. Ports of these packages are available for different platforms. It should be quite easy to port Aeskulap to any platform were these packages are available.


I don't use that but from reading I believe it makes your keys behave like the famous text editor emacs so changing it will mean you want to use your keys like you would on emacs text editor. As for removing it, I don't feel it's necessary to do that.

I article post will help you a bit on what it's for.


Is it possible to log into home directory via the internet

There are several project to do that.

Check this one http://galleryproject.org/.

The packages to be installed with apt-get should name gallery2


what packages should I install in ubuntu 12.04 to fulfill opengl requirements for using nouveau driver?

I found solution by myself!! :-) I missed: libgl1-mesa-dri-experimental


What is the recommended way to run a program on startup?

As long as I'm following Ask Ubuntu, I never saw any one using user & session upstart jobs. This is the first time I heard about their existence.

User jobs were deprecated with upstart v1.7, Ubuntu 14.04 comes with v1.12
Session jobs were made for other purpose mainly user session. It seems not right to start a user init session in a server just to run those daemons.

Better to stick with system jobs, use su or sudo to run them as a different user and may be cleaner if you use setuid and setgid, or exec start-stop-daemon --start -c <myuser> --exec <command> see Run a Job as a Different User

BTW, You may use start on started postgresql & stop on stopping postgresql as you services are depending on postgresql. So they are started after it get started then stopped before it get stopped. See similar case here
How can I make sure one Upstart job stops before another Upstart job stops?

To monitor for error, you could use its logging feature.


Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Won't Connect to the College's Wired Network

If it "works" with your Windows station, then my first guess would be that there's some DHCP server at the other end. Have you tried running:

dhclient eth0

You said "NIC seems OK": could you paste the result of ifconfig eth0 (or whatever name your NIC has)?


mount.nfs: access denied by server while mounting synology nas drive

I have the same issue where my fstab from Ubuntu 16 worked, and under 18.04 does not. I found through experimentation that if I changed the permissions on the share from using *.fully_qualified_domain.us to 172.16.10.0/24 then I would be able to mount my volumes.

I opened an issue with Synology. Synology believes that dnsmasq daemon is ignoring the fully qualified name in the mount process.

From my fstab where "hostname.fullyqualified.us" is my fully qualified hostname.

hostname.fullyqualified.us:/volume1/music /media/coolwave/Music nfs ro,user,async,nolock,nfsvers=3 0 3
hostname.fullyqualified.us:/volume1/photo /media/coolwave/Photo nfs ro,user,async,nolock,nfsvers=3 0 3
hostname.fullyqualified.us:/volume1/homes/jcfowler /mnt/home nfs rw,user,async,nolock,nfsvers=3 0 2
hostname.fullyqualified.us:/volume1/Family /mnt/Family nfs rw,user,async,nolock,nfsvers=3 0 3
hostname.fullyqualified.us:/volume1/homes/pi /mnt/pi nfs rw,user,async,nolock,nfsvers=3 0 2


Does the LMMS package on the Ubuntu repository supports VSTs?

The package in the official repositories doesn't have VST support. There are 3 alternatives to get it:

Download the version with VST support from third party repositories
Download the AppImage version from the official website
Download the Windows version from the official website and run it under Wine

I'm not very keen about adding third party repositories to my system, so I prefer options 2 and 3, the latter being apparently a bit more stable on my experience.


What is the proper way to enable sudo for myself on a new installation?

Most people who install Ubuntu will already have an account, with sudo privileges, set up automatically.  This will be the case if you install from the official desktop installer.  If you install from a text-mode installer such as a server installer, then it's achieved by setting up a user account for yourself, and leaving the root password field blank.  This will make it set your account up with sudo privileges.

If you gave a root password during installation and you want to instead use sudo, then there are a few steps:

Give your account sudo access

Log into the root account (eg with su)
Make sure sudo is installed with apt-get install sudo
Add your user to sudo with adduser username sudo where "username" is the account name to add to sudo.
Log out fully from your account then log in fresh.

Remove root password

First, make sure you can sudo from your account.
Then disable logging in as root with sudo passwd -l root


how to control rgb lighting on ASUS TUG FX505DT laptop

It is not clear what you want to control specifically, but here you have a few options.

As per this, appending ‘ acpi_osi=! acpi_osi=Linux’ to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT in grub, powering off, and on again, should suffice (for an explanation of acpi_osi you may check this). I would try this first, as it is the least "invasive", although I am not sure it works for RGB configuration as mentioned, or only to control the brightness level of the backlight. You would have to test which Fn keys work, see this example.
OpenRGB is very useful.
See also this.
There is a PPA for Ubuntu (and Linux Mint, Pop!_OS, etc.) which has the latest OpenRGB from Git. The PPA also provides an openrgb-dkms-drivers package which includes the i2c-piix4 kernel driver, so you don't have to patch the kernel in order to control the LEDs on some motherboards.

If you need to build from source, that is explained here. Make sure to also install the Udev rules to allow USB access. The Udev rules are also required if you're using the AppImage package.
tuxedo-keyboard may also be an option, check this.
There are other drivers for specific keyboards (MSI SteelSeries, Roccat, Corsair, etc.), but I wouldn't think they will work.

Related:

Ubuntu 18.10 Asus GL504GV fn keys (screen and kb backlight) not working


How can I get unity-2d-launcher to integrate with Awesome WM?

Using the suggestion by Marco in his comment, make the Unity launcher sticky.  Look in your rc.lua file (which should be in ~/.config/awesome/) for the section that starts with:

-- {{{ Rules
awful.rules.rules = {

and then add the following awful rule

{ rule = { class = "Unity-2d-launcher" },
properties = { sticky = true } },

For example, you can add that rule right before the last line of the section which is -- }}}.  Save your changes and before restarting Awesome, remember to type awesome -k in the terminal to check and confirm the correctness of the syntax of your rc.lua.


What does the `dmesg` error: "composite sync not supported" mean?

Well, still don't know what it means.  However, to get it to go away, I followed the instructions here and added the option nomodeset to grub.  Now those errors are gone as well as a few other things which I thought looked odd, like:

vga16fb: not registering due to another framebuffer present

and others.  Hope this helps others...  I'm not going to award myself the answer.  If someone could explain this error, and (?perhaps?) how it's related to Xorg's compositing, then I'll happily award points (or bounties -- if I ever get enough points to do so).  ~ m

Please note, that I did at a minimum add the Xorg extension to disable compositing and this only made one of the five lines which read composite sync not supported go away.  So I undid this change and kept searching until I found the above grub option which removed all of the errors.


Controlling Ubuntu Gnome 16.04 screen lock with arduino

Figured a way out.

Keep a python script running at the background and use the serial library in python to connect to a particular serial port. Now serial write the data from arduino whenever the desired action in executed in arduino. Read the value written on serial in python script and based on that value execute shell command for locking and unlocking the system, which are as follows:

gnome-screensaver-command -l (to lock)

gnome-screensaver-command -d (to unlock)

Python code:

import serial, os
port_name = '/dev/ttyACM0' # Change accordingly
arduino = serial.Serial(port_name, 9600)
while True:
    word = str(arduino.readline())
    if word == 'l': # Lock the screen
        os.system('gnome-screensaver-command -l')
    elif word == 'u': # Unlock the screen
        os.system('gnome-screensaver-command -d')

Now using Serial.write() function of arduino, write 'l' or 'u' on the serial based on your requirement (RFID Swipe as in my case).

Happy Hacking :-)


cannot access files on external hard drive

/dev/sdc is a DISK
a disk, to store files, needs PARTITIONS
please fire up program called gparted (or install it with apt-get install gparted) and make sure the partitions are available. if there are none, create one. ext4 is going to be fine (or NTFS if you plan to use the disk with multiple operating systems)
If there ARE partitions on this disk, please let us know what kind of partition is it, then we can suggest what to do to access them.

after question EDIT: now we can see the partition is there and it's exfat.
Please install
sudo apt install exfat-fuse exfat-utils
and reconnect the drive (or reboot)


As you can see, the local address on those sockets is 172.21.20.219, which is a private IP address, and presumably not the one that your traffic is actually coming to. If the sockets were listening on any port, they would display 0.0.0.0:8999 or :::8999. The problem lies with qbittorrent, that it's binding to that address specifically.


what's the provider name? Qubee or Banglalion ? and also which usb modem? if u are using banglalion, (I am just guessing) see this link

It's in Bangla & for Ubuntu 11.10 and this for Ubuntu 11.04

I guess you have to install newer Ubuntu version.


Dell Inspiron 14r Display Problem- Tried Everything

One of these two should work

Open your terminal by pressint ctrl+alt+t and type:

echo 7 | sudo tee /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

If it is not working then tyep this command in terminal

sudo tee /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness[ENTER]

and then type : 800000

(or any other value less than 3316785, in my case. Lower value of low brightness and higher value for more brightness).

(2nd one worked for me as I am using Acer Aspire 5738 laptop).


I had the same problem. I'm also (still) on Ubuntu 11.10.

In my everyday work I use mousekeys primarily because I like using the num-5 key for mouse key presses.

Then I discovered that in Unity you can do very nice window tiling (ctrl-alt-num4 sends a window to the left of the screen, ctrl-alt-num6 to the right, ctrl-alt-9 top-right, etc).

So to do my window tiling I want to momentarily disable mousekeys.

I found the answer here: http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=11776864&postcount=4

I saved the script as ubuntu-toggle-mousekeys and when I need to I type:

bash ubuntu-toggle-mousekeys

... in my terminal.

Here's my very slightly amended script - I just added some comments really:

#!/bin/bash

# http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1942984

# I needed this when I connected a big monitor to my ubuntu laptop.
# Unity has nice window tiling shortcuts that need the number keypad to work.
# ctrl-alt-num4 sends a window left, ctrl-alt-num6 sends a window right, etc.

STATUS=$(gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.a11y.keyboard mousekeys-enable) #Are mousekeys on (true or false)

if [ "$STATUS" == "true" ]
then
  gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.a11y.keyboard mousekeys-enable false

  notify-send -i  "/usr/share/icons/gnome/48x48/devices/keyboard.png" "                    Mousekeys OFF"
  echo "Mousekeys are OFF - use ctrl-alt-num4 to send window left, ctrl-alt-num6 to send window right"

else
  gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.a11y.keyboard mousekeys-enable true

  notify-send -i  "/usr/share/icons/gnome/48x48/devices/keyboard.png" "                    Mousekeys ON"
  echo "Mousekeys are ON"
fi


A manually installed Python-[any-version] has no uninstall. The only method is to delete the files.

Suggest : cd Python-3.5.0/ && sudo make install 2>&1 | tee install.log.txt

Analyze the install.log.txt, and decide if it is possible to delete the installed files, without disturbing the default python3.5 ( /usr/lib/python3.5, etc.) and python3 : /usr/lib/python3, etc.


Why does the MBR return a different offset than Ubuntu's commands?

The number 0800 in hexadecimal form converts to 2048 in decimal form.

The command to convert a hexadecimal number to decimal is:

echo "ibase=16; hex-number"|bc

Running the command:

echo "ibase=16; 0800"|bc

Returns the result: 2048


Why does Lubuntu show less RAM than installed?

This is because Windows and Linux have different understandings of how many bytes there are in one kilobyte, as this article explains.

For example

In Windows

Windows assumes that there are 1024 Bytes in a Kilobyte unit, and 1024 Kilobytes in a Megabyte unit etc.

In Ubuntu (GNU/Linux) …

Ubuntu assumes, a 1000 bytes constitute a Kilobyte (KB) unit, 1000 Kilobytes for a Megabyte (MB) and so on.

This ‘confusion’ came into existence in the old days, due to various computer storage hardware devices, such as ‘RAM’ and ‘ROM’ using 1024 as the ‘unit prefix’ (for technical reasons) when converting between units (except for ‘bytes’).

But most other storage devices such as HDDs and Flash drives, using 1000 as the base ‘unit prefix’, while calculating the sizes. So there arose a bit of a confusion among the experts, which to use while displaying file sizes in different units.

For a better explanation, read the Wikipedia entry on binary prefix

  The computer industry currently uses terms such as kilobyte, megabyte, and gigabyte, and corresponding symbols KB, MB, and GB, in two different ways. In citations of main memory or RAM capacity, gigabyte customarily means 1073741824 bytes. This is a power of 1024
  (specifically 10243), and 1024 is a power of 2 (specifically 210), therefore this usage is referred to as a binary prefix.

  In most other contexts, the industry uses kilo, mega, giga, etc., in a manner consistent with their meaning in the International System of Units (SI): as powers of 1000. For example, a 500 gigabyte hard drive holds 500000000000 bytes, and a 100 megabit per second Ethernet connection transfers data at 100000000 bit/s. In contrast with “binary prefix”, this usage is referred to as a “decimal prefix“, as 1000 is a power of 10. So later, to avoid confusions, the IEC and NIST standardized them, and changed the symbols...

In usage, products and concepts typically described using powers of 1024 would continue to be, but with the new IEC prefixes.
For example, a memory module of 536870912 bytes (512×1048576) would be referred to as 512 MiB or 512 mebibytes instead of 512 MB or 512 megabytes. Conversely, since hard drives have historically been marketed using the SI convention that “giga” means 1000000000, a “500 GB” hard drive would still be labelled as such.

According to these recommendations, operating systems and other software would also use binary and SI prefixes in the same way, so the purchaser of a “500 GB” hard drive would find the operating system reporting either “500 GB” or “466 GiB“, while 536870912 bytes of RAM would be displayed as “512 MiB”.

In simple terms, if an operating system uses the term ‘megabyte’ (MB), then it should use the 1000 bytes per kilobyte (KB), 1000 kilobytes to a megabyte (‘MB‘) etc perceptual value (‘decimal prefix), while converting between the units.

If it uses the value 1024 (‘binary prefix’), then it should address them as ‘kibibytes’ (KiB), ‘mebibytes (MiB) etc.

So in that sense, it does not matter whether the OS uses the ‘binary prefix’ or the ‘decimal prefix’, what’s important is that it uses the correct symbols to display them.

It is apparent that Windows is using the ‘binary prefix’, as if you take the first image, then you will see that it lists the size as ‘710,934,528 bytes’. Now take a calculator and divide it by ‘1024’, which should give you its size in ‘kibibytes’. Then re-divide it again and it will give you the value 678, which is in ‘mebibytes (MiB).

Now do the same, using the second image that was taken in Ubuntu. But this time, use the value 1000 instead of 1024, and you will get the output in megabytes (MB), 710.9.

I honestly do not know about ‘IEC’ and ‘NIST’ laws and how they are applied, but Windows, since it uses the ‘binary prefix’, should be using symbols KiB, MiB, GiB etc rather than using KB, MB, GB etc, and therefore seems like in a direct violation as well (the paper only says ‘would’ though).


I also have this. (but I didn't press Esc though). When it hangs I press the power button on the machine, it shuts down after about 5 seconds.


Stream music to Yamaha MusicCast devices

I got it to work using Gerbera which is available in the Software Center in 18.04 and is based on MediaTomb. Just install and run. I did have a problem with the UI on the first startup, but it was easily fixed by editing the config.xml for the app following directions here under the troubleshooting section at the end. My receiver is the Yamaha R-N602. Once everything is set up, you just click on Server in the MusicCast App to access your music that's on the server.

Hope that helps!


Slowdown on RetroArch SNES emulation when using shaders


USB Tethering - I have a ping to google, but browser can't open web sites

try reading https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Android_tethering
also what information does ip link list, or ifconfig the usb tethering should list as a network device


Is there a way to both use the software I need, and be able to use Ubuntu upgraders instead of clean installing every LTS version?

Yes, there is a third (IMHO better) way.

First, by installing software from 3rd party repositories, you have accepted the responsibility of "does it work with the Ubuntu release I'm about to install?".

You have to research each 3rd party repository to see if it will run on the new release.

I assume you're already doing things like /home on a separate disk partition, and use of /opt where possible. See the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard at FHS at Linux Foundation /opt can be created, but Linux software upgrades do NOT touch /opt.

Add your 3rd party repositories to /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ rather than /etc/apt/sources.list, and disable them during release upgrades.

Keep your system up-to-date by doing

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

at least every week.

Maintain and use a canned procedure that does a simple "does this work?" test for each 3rd party tool.

By the above, I mean that you should make a list of each piece of software that you are concerned about.

Then, for EACH one, decide on a simple test of functionality. The test can be as simple as "Is the daemon running?", or a command-line invocation using tiny test data, or something more complex using expect or a GUI simulator. The goal is to produce a small testable (harmless) invocation of the software, and report the name and result, then wrap the tests up in a script so you can type a single command and do:

$ ./run_tests
First_Program:     OK
Program_Two:    BAD
Prog_3:    OK
...
7 Tests run, 6 OK 1 BAD

Run this set of tests before and after each upgrade.

When a test fails ,(BAD) investigate. Find which system packages were upgraded (in /var/log/apt/).

Read the package's Change Log with apt changelog packagename.

Determine which change caused the failure, and figure out what to do (Rebuild the failed test's software (if you have the source), reinstall the package-from-elsewhere, report to the developers-from-elsewhere, ...).

For inspiration, read man run-parts.