OpenGL GLX context is not using direct rendering, which may cause performance problems. (steam) AMD DRIVER

Steam ships with it's own gcc libraries, which are outdated and do not work on distributions with newer libraries. For further information, check out: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/steam#Steam_runtime_issues

To solve your problem on Ubuntu 14.04, close Steam and run:

rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6
rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6
rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1

On 14.10, the path changed, commands are similar:

rm ~/.steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
rm ~/.steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6
rm ~/.steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
rm ~/.steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6
rm ~/.steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1

or

rm ~/.steam/bin32/steam-runtime/amd64/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
rm ~/.steam/bin32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6
rm ~/.steam/bin32/steam-runtime/i386/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
rm ~/.steam/bin32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6
rm ~/.steam/bin32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1


Unauthenticated packages after upgrade to 12.04

At gertvdijk mentioned above in the comment, running:

sudo apt-get update

before running

sudo apt-get upgrade

will fix this, if you haven't run "update" recently.

So the next question for me was, "what does the 'apt-get update' command do, and why would it matter to run it before an upgrade?"  After all, the system seems to know that updates are available, so what gives?

I noticed that the first few things that were downloaded by update were 'Release.gpg' files, and googling for that filename I found this:
http://wiki.debian.org/SecureApt

which states about the "WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated!" error, "This means that the archive has begun to be signed by a new key, which your system does not know about."

Additionally, the apt-get manpage says:

update is used to resynchronize the package index files
from their sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched
from the location(s) specified in /etc/apt/sources.list. For
example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves
and scans the Packages.gz files, so that information about new
and updated packages is available. An update should always be
performed before an upgrade or dist-upgrade.

Note the last sentence there.  I had totally forgotten about that.

So it seems this warning simply indicates that the package index files are out of date, because the update information includes security information that helps you know that the upgrades you are downloading are, in fact, upgrades, and not horrible trojan horses that will turn your system into a spamming botnet zombie.

You can read the SecureApt page for details about how the packages are securely signed, and the chain of trust.

This all makes sense then, but now the question becomes, "what is apt-get upgrade seeing when it tries to do an upgrade with an outdated package list? How does it know there are newer versions if the package list isn't current?"

... (out of steam for research for now!)


How to use xbacklight with brightness keys in a VAIO

Ok, I got to a different solution that should work for other laptops too, not only for VAIOs.

Make sure that xbacklight and inotify-tools are installed, I just ran sudo apt-get install xbacklight inotify-tools .

Configure the following script and save it as a bash script (for example, save it as backlight_control.sh), and give it executable permissions with chmod +x backlight_control.sh.

Then add it to your startup applications (can be done in 12.04 by clicking on the menu item on the top-right corner of the screen). The backlight level should be restored to its previous setting, and the controls should start working, after you log into your session. The brightness meter displays the correct value too.

I hope this helps in case someone else is having the same issue. Any comments on its performance or anything else are welcome.

#!/bin/bash

# Script for setting the correct brightness for the backlight.
# Depends on: xbacklight and inotify-tools,
# Which can be installed by running:
#       `sudo apt-get install xbacklight inotify-tools`
#
# Author: Esteban Serrano Roloff <e.serrano.r (at) me.com>
#
# Tested on a Sony VAIO VPCCW15FL
# running Ubuntu 12.04
# 2013-03-27 (YYYY-MM-DD)

# Setup the correct paths (look inside /sys/class/backlight/)
current_brightness_path="/sys/class/backlight/sony/brightness"
max_brightness_path="/sys/class/backlight/sony/max_brightness"
# To find the correct value for min_brightness, make the
# brightness meter go to its minimum (by repeatedly pressing
# the brightness down key), even if the actual brightness stays
# the same, and then run on a terminal:
#       `cat /sys/class/backlight/sony/brightness`
min_brightness=0

#### No editing needed beyond this line (I hope) ####
max_brightness=`cat $max_brightness_path`
range=${max_brightness-min_brightness}

# Set the correct brightness level on start up.
current_brightness=`cat $current_brightness_path`
let current_brightness_pctg=100*$current_brightness/$range
xbacklight =$current_brightness_pctg

# Listen for brightness changes, forever.
while inotifywait -e close_write $current_brightness_path; do

    current_brightness=`cat $current_brightness_path`
    let current_brightness_pctg=100*$current_brightness/$range
    xbacklight =$current_brightness_pctg

done


I am able to run on the Desktop target now. I've installed qt5-defaul and then configured the QT version in the Desktop target.

Not tried with the emulator but the Desktop is sufficient to develop


Installed ubuntu on USB and want to resize the main partition

Did you try with fdisk ? It's already installed by default on ubuntu system.

fdisk /dev/sd*

Where * is the letter of your disk. When you entered in fdisk type "m" to show the commands.

Otherwise, you could try to install gparted to do with a GUI (more easier) but you need to install it first:

apt-get update && apt-get install gparted

After you will be able to launch gparted from your applications and it's very easier to edit with it (right click with your mouse and "resize" on the correct partition.)

Then, the /boot parition contains the GRUB configuration, the kernel with their System.map, ... I think ~ 100MB or 200MB is enough so 243MB is Ok.


End-of-life vs. end-of-support vs. moving of repositories

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS had 5 years of supported life, so 5 years will not be reached until at least 17-April-2018 (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Releases or https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-announce/2014-April/000182.html) and many pages say it's not till end-of-month or 30-April-2019.

Many pages will tell you that when a release reaches EOL, after this date archives will be moved from archive.ubuntu.com to old-releases.ubuntu.com, it'll be country mirrors will drop the release, and mirrors also will drop it.  If you look at https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archivemirrors you can get a glimpse of how up-to-date mirrors are, some are listed as 'last date unknown' (too long ago for counter) which means they could be much later in dropping the archives.

The best example of how fast it'll occur would be 12.04 LTS reaching EOL.  It took months as I recall for it's archives to be moved, which is a huge contrast to 17.04 which took in comparison only hours.  LTS releases are usually slower in moving, but without a set date you shouldn't rely on it.

It's easy to change your references to archive.ubuntu.com to old-releases.ubuntu.com (dropping any country code if you use it; eg. au.archive.ubuntu.com becomes old-releases.ubuntu.com too).  If you are fully up-to-date before this move occurs though, I would expect a do-release-upgrade to be able to work anyway (I haven't tested it though), it gets far more complex if the next release (16.04 LTS) is EOL though.


Massive SSDP flood, how to find the cause

Use sudo lsof -n -P -i +c 13 | grep 1900 to find the process doing this.

From man lsof: List open files

  An  open file may be a regular file, a directory, a block special file, a character special file, an executing text reference, a library, a stream or a network file (Internet socket, NFS file or UNIX  domain  socket.) A specific file or all the files in a file system may be selected by path.

-n: inhibits the conversion of network numbers to host names for network  files.   Inhibiting  conversion may make lsof run faster.  It is also useful when host name lookup is not working properly.
-P:  inhibits the conversion of port numbers to port names for network files.  Inhibiting  the  conversion may make lsof run a little faster.  It is also useful when port name lookup is not working properly.
-i [i]: selects the listing of files any of whose Internet address matches the address specified in i.  If no address is specified, this option selects the listing of all Internet and x.25 (HP-UX) network files.
+c w:     defines  the  maximum  number of initial characters of the name, supplied by the UNIX dialect, of the
            UNIX command associated with a process to be printed in the COMMAND column.   (The  lsof  default  is
            nine.)

 sudo lsof -n -P -i +c 13 | grep 1900

It list the files opened by processes on your system and uses those listed options above to modify what is presented to you. For example I used:

 sudo lsof -P -i +c 13

Result:

Slower without -n, and
Conversion of network numbers to host names

postgres       2930        postgres   11u  IPv4  28152      0t0  UDP localhost:56771->localhost:56771
postgres       2931        postgres   11u  IPv4  28152      0t0  UDP localhost:56771->localhost:56771
postgres       2932        postgres   11u  IPv4  28152      0t0  UDP localhost:56771->localhost:56771
postgres       2933        postgres   11u  IPv4  28152      0t0  UDP localhost:56771->localhost:56771
postgres       2934        postgres   11u  IPv4  28152      0t0  UDP localhost:56771->localhost:56771
postgres       2936        postgres   11u  IPv4  26439      0t0  UDP localhost:46276->localhost:46276
postgres       2937        postgres   11u  IPv4  26439      0t0  UDP localhost:46276->localhost:46276
postgres       2938        postgres   11u  IPv4  26439      0t0  UDP localhost:46276->localhost:46276
postgres       2939        postgres   11u  IPv4  26439      0t0  UDP localhost:46276->localhost:46276
postgres       2940        postgres   11u  IPv4  26439      0t0  UDP localhost:46276->localhost:46276

But using:

sudo lsof -n -P -i +c 13

Results:

Faster, and none conversion of network numbers to host names

 postgres       2930        postgres   11u  IPv4  28152      0t0  UDP 127.0.0.1:56771->127.0.0.1:56771
postgres       2931        postgres   11u  IPv4  28152      0t0  UDP 127.0.0.1:56771->127.0.0.1:56771
postgres       2932        postgres   11u  IPv4  28152      0t0  UDP 127.0.0.1:56771->127.0.0.1:56771
postgres       2933        postgres   11u  IPv4  28152      0t0  UDP 127.0.0.1:56771->127.0.0.1:56771
postgres       2934        postgres   11u  IPv4  28152      0t0  UDP 127.0.0.1:56771->127.0.0.1:56771
postgres       2936        postgres   11u  IPv4  26439      0t0  UDP 127.0.0.1:46276->127.0.0.1:46276
postgres       2937        postgres   11u  IPv4  26439      0t0  UDP 127.0.0.1:46276->127.0.0.1:46276
postgres       2938        postgres   11u  IPv4  26439      0t0  UDP 127.0.0.1:46276->127.0.0.1:46276
postgres       2939        postgres   11u  IPv4  26439      0t0  UDP 127.0.0.1:46276->127.0.0.1:46276
 postgres       2940        postgres   11u  IPv4  26439      0t0  UDP 127.0.0.1:46276->127.0.0.1:46276

Here I just used -n, doing network number conversion takes more time without option -n makes the search faster, remove to see host names. Play around with the other option to see the different outputs. By and large those options improves the search ans makes it faster.


After recent update my netbook launcher in Ubuntu 10.04 has vanished

You probably need to re-install Ubuntu Netbook's launcher.
Run the following in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-netbook

That should do the trick for you.


Found the answer here. You need to use the --system-site-packages option when creating your virtualenv if you want this to work. So in my example the correct way to do it would be

virtualenv --system-site-packages -p python3 ./test

Thanks for helping guys!


Uncheck caps lock crashes Ubuntu installation

I have the "new" 2016 razer blade stealth; upgraded to Ubuntu 16.10. I had the same problems with the caps lock key crashing.

Workaround: Disable Caps Lock

Obviously this completely disables the caps lock key, but it also prevents it from crashing the system.

Ubuntu

Go to Tweak tool -> typing -> caps lock key behavior, change to "Caps Lock is disabled".

Kubuntu

Go to System Settings -> Hardware -> Input Devices -> Keyboard -> Advanced, in the section Caps Lock key behavior enable Caps Lock is disabled.


If you are running ubuntu, then it would be more convenient to use SCP or even RSYNC to get file from remote server. Terminal is really your bestfriend in linux!

Normal usage for using scp would be

scp user@remoteserver:/path/of/the/file /path/for/local

Here is one for rsync as well

rsync -avzu user@remoteserver:/path/of/the/file /path/for/local

Read the manual for more information about scp and rsync.


how to exclude kernel updates from unattended upgrades

Edit the configuration file, then add all linux kernel related package to blacklist.

sudo nano /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades

Add following into blacklist.

linux-headers*
linux-image*
linux-generic*
linux-modules*

So the blacklist section would look like this.

Unattended-Upgrade::Package-Blacklist {
      "linux-headers*";
      "linux-image*";
      "linux-generic*";
      "linux-modules*";
};

The asterisk * symbol means all package starting with linux-headers etc. will get blacklisted too, since the configuration file support regex.

You can check if it working by --dry-runing them a.k.a test.

sudo unattended-upgrades --dry-run

This will simulate the whole unattended upgrades process, without actually running it.


You should just need to sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer and reboot


I've a package workarounding the gray thumbnails problem for Ubuntu 14.04 LTS users. Please see https://bugs.launchpad.net/shotwell/+bug/1406546/comments/1 for how to upgrade to it.


Trying to do a batch rename, can't figure out the proper RegEx

One way would be to use the Perl rename utility. The Perl regex \.(?=.*\.) matches a dot only when there is another dot later.

rename 's/\.(?=.*\.)/ /g' *.*.*

If you want to act on files in subdirectories as well:

shopt -s globstar    # you can put this in your ~/.bashrc
rename 's/\.(?=.*\.)/ /g' **/*.*.*

This works assuming you don't have dots in your directory names. Otherwise I think the simplest method would be to use find:

find -depth -name '*.*.*' -exec rename 's/\.(?=.*\.)/ /g' {} +

Alternatively, using zsh (this only renames regular files and leaves directory names alone, due to the glob qualifier (.) at the end):

autoload zmv    # you can put this in your ~/.zshrc
zmv -Q '(**/)(*.*)(.[^.]##)(.)' '$1${2//./ }$3'


Ubuntu claims "executable text file" (e.g. .txt,.csv,.sh but not .xls) despite absence of `x` permission

The answer here specifically given for the similar question for MATE and textfiles, applies, at the very least mostly:

Solve it by: Nautilus -> Edit\Preferences\Behavior\ -> Choose "View executable text files ..." rather than "Ask each time"
Origin of behavior (and further way to address the issue): Your drive file system may be NTFS or FAT[32] (including EFI). Neither support unix file permissions, meaning by default the whole volume gets mounted with execute permissions for all files. In /etc/fstab you can specify noexec as a mount option for the entire partition.

See further here for more info on Nautilus preferences.


Boot a floppy Image with your bios upgrade files directly from GRUB

I never have floppies (or a floppy drives) and don't like booting into Windows to create a bootable USB floppy with the Dell utility.

GRUB can actually boot from floppy disk images.

First:

sudo apt-get install syslinux

Download a bootable floppy image from the FreeDOS website. (Take a 2.88 if the Dell bios is bigger than a 1.44 MB floppy.
sudo mkdir /tmp/floppy; sudo mount -o uid=1000 -o loop FDSTD.288 /tmp/floppy (We mount the floppy image in a folder, so you can copy the bios upgrade stuff to it.
sudo cp /usr/lib/syslinux/memdisk /boot/
(This is needed for grub to boot of the image.)
Copy the floppy image file to /boot.

Then:

Reboot the computer and press c to get into the GRUB command line.
Run the following commands:

kernel /memdisk
initrd /yourflopp.img
boot

You now have booted the floppy image directly from grub. Allowing you to run the flash utility from FreeDOS.


At what time will the upcoming Ubuntu release be made available?

There is no exact time when Ubuntu is released.
You can find the expected release date on the Release Schedule. In an interview on Ubuntu-User Kate Stewart, the Ubuntu Release Manager at Canonical, outlines how the release announcement works:

The release team needs to do final checks to make sure all the right bits are in the right places, and no blockers have cropped up as a result of the last bug fix or upload. If people are trying to download the images during this final bit of testing, the slower the testing goes (and they run the risk of pulling down a flawed image) and it delays the time until we can actually release.
The official release announce is mailed out to ubuntu-announce maillist. Copies of prior release announces can be found in the mail list archives. Once we hit send on that email, the IRC channel is updated, as is the News & Announcements section on the Ubuntu Forums, a post is made on the release blog, and the Launchpad project is updated.

The simple explanation is, it's not based on time, it's based on the amount of checks they get through.
Recently the team has added a realtime checklist that you can follow along with.


I finally got it to work as an update from Kubuntu 16. In legacy mode with lock screen turned off, as well as all power saver functions.Then I used the update from the menu,then did konsole update for 18.04. I was actually surprised,figured I was gonna have endless rolling text when I got home.


How do I map unmapped keys on a keyboard?

You can use xmodmap. It's how I get my Zboard keys to work. For actual keys not media keys.


Time in Ubuntu 16.04 not updating from internet

Ubuntu 16.04 works with timedatectl / timesyncd

Check the timseyncd service is ok: systemctl status systemd-timesyncd

Possibly something is blocking the service (eg: ntpd installed), so it avoids syncing to avoid conflicts.

Another possibility is that you may be running a VirtualBox and you may see an error like:

● systemd-timesyncd.service - Network Time Synchronization
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/systemd-timesyncd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
  Drop-In: /lib/systemd/system/systemd-timesyncd.service.d
           └─disable-with-time-daemon.conf
   Active: inactive (dead)
Condition: start condition failed at Mon 2018-02-12 17:40:50 AEDT; 1min 31s ago
           ConditionFileIsExecutable=!/usr/sbin/VBoxService was not met
     Docs: man:systemd-timesyncd.service(8)

This was a solution for this case: sudo VBoxService --timesync-set-start.
Inspired from this issue with a similar error


variables set in a file not reflected in the shell

When you run your script like ./script it's going to run in a subshell so the variable only is available to that subshell and child of that shell.

$ nano a.sh # create a script ( for test put sleep 1000 in script )
$ chmod +x a.sh # make it executable
$ ./a.sh & # run it
[1] 8929 # pay attention to its pid
$ echo $$ # check your current shell id
8742

now let's check it using pstree:

$ pstree -sp `pgrep sleep`
bash(8742)───bash(8929)───sleep(8930)


Thanks everyone for helping. The solution was to set acpi=off instead of nomodeset. That allowed me to install and get into 18.04.


Ctrl + C & Ctrl + V not working in 16.04

I have stumbled across a fix. In the Keyboard and mouse tab of gnome-tweak-tool. I enabled Show All Input Sources and Show location of Pointer and as if by magic Ctrl is behaving as expected. Weird, does this also work for you?


I would read that as your system was installed from a 18.04.2 ISO, then release-upgraded in the past to your current 20.04 system. The box I'm writing this comment on will report a 17.10 installation that's been release-upgraded many times and is now running 20.10 (ie. development release, I upgrade every 6 months staying on the development cycle)
I have no details about your crash, so cannot comment on it. Clean installs tend to have less problems (esp. when compared to constantly release-upgraded systems such as my own now having had 6 bumps of release since I installed. Slight differences exist on upgraded systems (conf files were setup by older versions of software for example) but these differences are usually minor.
Detail (of installation media, when, upgraded etc) is kept for bug triagers & developers so they can detect a pattern that maybe useful in finding and thus fixing any issues discovered.


How do I install the penmountlpc kernel module?

I had success using the source tarball instead of the Debian source package.

Get the source:

wget "http://penmountlpc.googlecode.com/files/penmountlpc-source_1.1.tar.gz"
tar xzvf penmountlpc-source_1.1.tar.gz
cd penmountlpc-source-1.1/

Compile it (This requires build-essential ):

make

Install the kernel module:

sudo make install
sudo depmod

Verify that it loads successfully:

sudo modprobe penmountlpc
lsmod | grep penmountlpc

Configure Ubuntu to load it automatically at every boot:

echo -e "\n# Linux kernel driver for the touchscreen on Dialogue Flybook notebooks\npenmountlpc" | sudo tee --append /etc/modules


How do I open file or directory in terminal without typing the full directory path?

You know you can use the tab key for path and filename auto-completion?


Which is my public ssh key for the remote server

Give them /home/akil/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
Based upon the file name, that's the first public key you generated.
It won't matter which one you give them, as long as you have the corresponding private key.


Can I permanently mount a Windows Drive in Ubuntu 11.10

This seems to have already been answered on askubuntu several times. Please read this and perhaps this. They both cover most of the things anyone would tell you about mounting your Windows partition on boot, the first one being a bit more detailed.


A friend called me yesterday for the same reason. I'll give you a brief outline on your issue:

the core network functionality of your Ubuntu system is not broken
however, the GUI functionality is broken
this means you can still connect using the command line and fix the problem

Here's what you need to do. First of all, connect the laptop to your router using an ethernet cable. Then open the Terminal and ensure the wired interface is up by running:

sudo ifconfig eth0 up

Press Enter afterwards, then run ifconfig. You should see something similar to:

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr **:**:**:**:**:**
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0

[...]

eth0 is the name of your wired network interface. Assuming the router has a working DHCP functionality, you can get an IP address with:

sudo dhclient eth0

Open your browser and confirm you can surf the web. Now it's time to check for system updates and install them:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Reboot the system and your Wi-Fi connection should be up and running again.


Can I run OpenGL 3.3 or higher (with or without HW acceleration) on 12.10 with Intel graphics?

Intel Graphics doesn't support OpenGL 3.3 yet. They are still working towards getting GL 3.1 ready in Mesa 9.1.

Also I am sorry that I am unaware of any methods to use Software rendering for the same.

Given that, your best bet would be to use your inbuilt AMD card with Catalyst 13.1 as AMD already supports upto OpenGL 4.2. I am specifically recommending Catalyst 13.1 because it supports Xorg 1.13 properly, (which was not the case in the previous driver releases) , which means you will no longer have trouble logging in your Ubuntu 12.10 desktop.

Here is the download link for the same

To install, either you can directly run the installer file, which works just fine, but this is a better way to install Catalyst driver by generating .deb files , so that you would not have any trouble removing the drivers if you wish to.

Lastly, I am doubtful if you can get hybrid graphics working in Catalyst 13.1 , which mostly seems hit and miss and highly unpredictable in the binary blob, in that case your safest bet is to use Catalyst 12.10 but then you will have to downgrade your Xorg version to 1.12.


Rhythmbox: unable to browse by cover art

The key error message is this part:

(rhythmbox:9231): libpeas-WARNING **: Could not find loader 'python' for plugin 'coverart_search_providers'

What this means is that you are using a python 2 plugin rather than the python 3 plugin that Rhythmbox v3.x requires.

Looking at the README there is a section specifically about how to install the plugin coverart-search-providers for Rhythmbox 3.

I've narrowed down the instructions specifically for Ubuntu & derivatives for Ubuntu 14.04 and later

How to install - Rhythmbox 3.0 and later:

for debian and other debian derived distros (such as ubuntu 14.04 & Mint based on 14.04):

sudo apt-get install git gettext python3-mako python3-requests python3-gdbm python3-pil python3-lxml

rm -rf ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/plugins/coverart_search_providers
git clone https://github.com/fossfreedom/coverart-search-providers.git
cd coverart-search-providers
./install.sh

The plugin requires either python3-mutagen (v1.25 or later) or mutagenx (v1.24 or later), both of which are available from PyPi

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/mutagen
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/mutagenx

Alternatively, from GitHub

https://github.com/LordSputnik/mutagen

Mutagenx is Debian packaged from the PPA:

https://launchpad.net/~fossfreedom/+archive/rhythmbox-plugins

Finally there is one more method to install this and other rhythmbox plugins - just install from PPA which will install all the prerequistites including mutagen as well:

How do I install third-party rhythmbox plugins?

install the package rhythmbox-plugin-coverart-search


how do I remaster livecd to get rid of installer?

I managed to find the answer. Pretty simple when you know systemd controls everything:

systemctl disable ubiquity
systemctl disable lightdm


How I get twidge to work with identi.ca?

This is a known bug and it is fixed in twidge_1.0.6.

You can download and install the latest build from https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/twidge_1.0.6_i386.deb

Read the bug report here

Hope this helps.


Does installing fglrx driver changes xorg.conf (custom resolutions)?

Q1: Yes, fglrx has much better 3d performance. Some people report worse 2d performance, though.

Q2: Installation itself does not edit xorg.conf. I recommend to make a backup anyhow. If you run aticonfig --initial, what might be necessary to configure fglrx after installation, it will back up the current xorg.conf and install a new one.

Q3: Simply apt-get purge fglrx-updates. Then copy back the backed up xorg.conf in case it was replaced.


apt-file search libjpeg.so.62 tells you it's provided by:

So sudo apt-get install libjpeg62.


systemd service is writing a file as root, process runs as ubuntu

I got it to do what I want by adding these lines to the service file. Probably this is not a good solution, but I just really needed to get this working.

ExecStartPre=/bin/rm -fr /home/ubuntu/R/bp/p.out
ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/sudo /bin/chown ubuntu:ubuntu /home/ubuntu/R/bp/p.out


How do I change the volume control icon?

Try this to see if it helps:

Install dconf-editor:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Open dconf editor (from terminal dconf-editor). Under org > gnome > desktop > interface you will find icon-theme being used and you change to whatever you want/have in your system.

 If you like the ubuntu-mono-light icon theme you'd want to copy these icons: audio-volume-high.png, audio-volume-low.png, audio-volume-medium.png, audio-volume-muted.png into /usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mono-light/status/your_target_folder. It could be in /usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mono-light/status/24 or you could create one more folder for a larger set of icons, say /usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mono-light/status/128 and place the icons in this. You could have to edit the file /usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mono-light/index.theme. Open the file with any text editor of your choice and search for Directories=actions/16,actions/22,... ... and add your dircetory if its not there already e.g.

Directories=actions/16,actions/22,...,status/128,... ...

and further down you'd add these:

[places/128]
Size=128
Context=Places
Type=Scalable


Ctrl+Alt+T doesn't open Terminal (Compiz related?)

You can click on the Shortcut combination showing in the System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts and reassign the key.

Hope this will help.

If you have compizconfig-settings-manager installed, you can reset the profile by going to the preference section of the program and clicking on Reset to defaults button.


after changing compiz configs - the panels disappeared

You can reset your Unity configuration with unity --reset (via How do I reset my Unity configuration?)


Audio pops: Disable power save for snd_usb_audio?

Maybe turn it off like this:

# echo 0 > /sys/module/snd_hda_intel/parameters/power_save

More information here.


Run this to forcefully reset the plugin cache:

sudo /usr/lib/vlc/vlc-cache-gen -f /usr/lib/vlc/plugins

If it fails, try to purge all VLC packages:

sudo apt-get purge vlc*

Then reinstall:

sudo apt-get install vlc


How to download specific ubuntu drivers for my pc

Let Ubuntu decide:
In GNOME Classic

Select "System," "Administration," "Hardware Drivers."

Click "Enable" to set your selected drivers to use and to include them in future system updates.

Select "System," "Administration," "Update Manager" to scan your system for available software and hardware updates.

In Unity (the default interface)
Open the Dash and search for System Settings.

Open System Settings. In the window that comes up, click on Additional Drivers.

Alternatively, Ubuntu will automatically perform update scans on a regular basis to ensure that every part of the system is kept up to date with fixes for security and stability problems.


I installed Lubuntu desktop using terminal but my laptop reboots still as Ubuntu

If you want to log in to a different installed desktop environment, you need to indicate this.

On the login screen, locate a "cog" icon.
If you click the cog icon, you will see the installed desktop environments. Click the one you want to log into.
From now on, your system will by default log you in in to the selected desktop environment after you provided user name and password, until you change your choice using the cog icon.

If you do not see your login screen, you must have automatic login enabled. Then, after your Ubuntu desktop appears, first log out. Click on the button in the top right corner, click your name and choose "Log Out". This will bring you to the login screen, where you can log in into the other desktop environment as I described. Next time, you will automatically land in your Lubuntu session.


Using duplicity with gzip max compression but without encryption

After a more careful reading of the man page, I have found the --no-encryption which according to the man page: "Do not use GnuPG to encrypt files on remote system. Instead just write gzipped volumes.". That seems exactly what is needed.


try this:

  sudo make install

Generally make install needs root permissions to create new files in the filesystem.


Problem In Playing Audio And Video On Ubuntu 14.04

Try reinstalling and installing. The codecs could be a problem. I've had this problem. Convert one song (if you have time) using handbrake which can be downloaded from the ubuntu software center. If your computer has multiple sound cards try with each sound card. (Go to setting>>>sound). It could also be that the sound card is proprietary hardware which means you need to download the software to run the soundcard.


How to run audio settings program without Unity?

Try This:

In a terminal or by hitting Alt-F2 write:
gnome-control-center sound
Hit Enter and you'll see the desired window.

Good luck!

P.S. If you are using a different launcher, such as Synapse, you can invoke it the same way.


Copy a file from ubuntu server to a nas drive

First mount this shared directory to your system .

This would help you : Here

Then try :

cp -r /sql/filename /mountpoint

Change the options as your needs .
Dont for get to make your script executable .


What does "this computer has 0 bytes disk space" mean

Well I'm hoping that you didn't want Windows. At this point you can put in the Ubuntu live CD and during the install choose the Erase disk and install Ubuntu option and just let Ubuntu do everything.

If that fails use the something else option and see what the drive looks like.

At this point I can't tell you how you should proceed. I don't know the size of the drive or the system specs. Basically you will need to remove all existing  partitions then create a root partition / and a swap partition /swap but the sizes will depend on your system.

Once you have the hard drive set up you will be able to click the Install Now button and it will install Ubuntu.

If you do want Windows on the system as well .. you will first have to install Windows again... best  would be to remove all partitions during the Windows install .. .let the Windows installer recreate the drive structure... once Windows is installed and working again .. then use the Ubuntu live CD and choose the Install Ubuntu 16.04 LTS alongside Windows option.

UPDATED ANSWER for using the Something else option for OP's specific issue

If you are dealing with just the two partitions in the Something else as described make note of the exact number so you can recreate them.

Select the /dev/sda1 partition and press the "-" button

Select the swap partition and also press the "-" button

This should leave you with the following

/dev/sda
 freespace

At this point all of the hard drive should be free space.

Now click on freespace and press the "+" button

Change the size to the size of the large partition

Leave it set to Primary and Beginning of this space it should already be using Ext4

Change the Mounting point: to / and click OK

Click on freespace again and click the "+"

Here leave everything at the top the same and change Use as: to swap area and click OK

Now you should have something that looks like  this

/dev/sda
 /dev/sda1 ext4 / <size of partition>MB
 /dev/sda5 swap   <size of partition>MB

Highlight /dev/sda1 and click the Install Now button. That should work if you have the UEFI stuff set as  it should be.


Is there a app / command that will hunt for files

None of the others are wrong, but before letting something off like this, make sure you test it without the exec or delete flags so you can just see what files it's matching!

eg:

find ~ -name "thumbs.db"

I might even go one further and say perhaps have the files moved into your trash (instead of being straight-deleted) so at least you can undo the process:

find ~ -name "thumbs.db" -exec gvfs-trash {} \;


It is supposed to download as an ISO. You wouldn't simply open the file to install ubuntu on your computer. It's a full operating system not just a regular piece of software.

You would have to create a bootable USB using that iso. See documentation here:
http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-mac-osx


command line tool for viewing files of arbitrary file-type?

Use man -k mime (search for man pages related to mime) to find

mimeopen (1p)        - Open files by mimetype
mimetype (1p)        - Determine file type

and many other interesting man pages.


How can I delete Ubuntu and install windows xp (.exe version)

You probably need to boot from the disc, so the disc with XP on would need to be in the disc drive when you start up your laptop, and then you should get on-screen instructions to install XP.

If this is causing a black screen that you mentioned in your comment, this is unlikely to be due to Ubuntu and more likely to do with the disc being corrupted somehow (or your disc drive not working properly). If you believe the disc drive is acting up, you can try cleaning  the laser lens. If its the XP disc itself, there isn't much that can be done to save it unfortunately, as far as I know.


Can I recover photos with photorec via bluetooth?

No, this is not possible.

If you made a raw image of the phone, you could run photorec on it.


Openbts installation error due to liba53

A quick google search turned up this:

That does not look like OpenBTS 2.8. The library that it is complaining about (a53) was not introduced until 3.1. The source for liba53 can be found here:
 - https://github.com/RangeNetworks/liba53

After cloning that repo, execute the following:

$ cd liba53
$ ./configure
$ make
$ make install

Re-running the compilation on your OpenBTS source should then succeed.

From the openbts mailing list here


How to disable "Mouse battery low" notification in Ubuntu 18.04?

There is "NoNotifications", which can intercept notifications and even hide specific ones based on the text they contain

However, when I tried to install it, it failed. Let me know if you get it working.

I also saw a suggestion to uninstall the power indicator

sudo apt remove indicator-power

But this gave me an error that it wasn't installed in the first place.  Perhaps it goes by another name now, in Ubuntu 18.04?

I post this answer to point out how many times I've seen this asked in all my searches, and while there are fixes that may have worked in Ubuntu 17.10 and below, they no longer work in 18.04.  And too many replies take a condescending "change the batteries" (when in fact these low powered devices will continue to operate on batteries for months or even a year while this notification still pops up) or "this has already been answered" (pointing to these fixes which no longer work), and so, I think we have a bug on our hands.

However, I too do not know what "package" to report (as you also mentioned in one of your comments).  Typing "ubuntu-bug" in a terminal and answering "Other" says "You need a PID"...


VLC doesn't work properly on ubuntu 14.04

I was getting a similar (possibly the same) error: when running from the console:

$ vlc
VLC media player 2.1.2 Rincewind (revision 2.1.2-0-ga4c4876)
[0x25f4978] main interface error: no suitable interface module
[0x25af058] main libvlc error: interface "globalhotkeys,none" initialization failed
[0x25af058] main libvlc: Running vlc with the default interface. Use 'cvlc' to use vlc without interface.

Running Avinash's command fixed things for me:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall vlc


I don't think there is an "easy" way, but this link might be slightly less over whelming.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PXEInstallServer


Terminal resolution is independent on guest additions. Virtual Box uses a standard terminal resolution for booting that can only be increased at a later stage.

However if you need to have a larger command line display you could try Scale Mode Host+C or Full Screen Mode Host+F for scaling the display windows size.


Automatic backup using deja dup on 2 location: locally and usbdrive

As Deja Dup keeps track of files already backed up you can't run it twice with the same result.

If you want to keep two copies of your backup you can wait until the regular backup is finished, and then simply cp -rp the directory on local HD to the USB drive. No need for rsync or compressing as the data will not change during the copy and are already compressed.

You can automatize this by a cron job starting at a given time after the Deja Dup backup and checking whether Deja Dup has finished its job (e.g. test the output of pgrep duplicity).

The backups run by Deja Dup have the permissions rw------- and as owner the user who started it. So you can keep it this way for your external drive.


Is Ubuntu 14.04 available to use 4.7 kernel (or above)?

Works for me.

Using 4.7.1-040701.201608160432 on Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS I got a similar boot problem:

failure to mount root image

Google yielded this so I confirmed the missing config:

$ cd /boot
$ grep CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER config-4.7.1-040701-generic
# CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER is not set
$

I edited my config to include:

CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER=y

downloaded the kernel and recompiled.


Intel x86 server doesn't support 64-bit applications because Intel x86 version means 32 bit version.It only supports 32 bit applications.


32bit and 64bit are classed as different CPU architecture. You will have to perform a clean install.

However if you just want to run 32bit programs you can install ia32-libs-multiarch to add 32bit support to the 64bit OS

  sudo apt-get install ia32-libs-multiarch


The timeout does exists. By default 5 seconds after you type anything, the search box will vanish.

Unfortunately, as with too many Gnome variables, this timeout is hard-coded into Nautilus so there's no easy way to fix this. The only way I know of is downloading the source, editing it and recompiling Nautilus.

Those instructions aren't hard to follow and should work.


look in display:
    at button of window:
        launcher placment

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1754606


Creating desktop entry or shortcut to launch an application in ubuntu-mate

If you are sure that the desktop entry works, then the easiest way is to put it under /usr/share/applications (you will need sudo rights), then logout and login again and the ubuntu mate menu will auto-detect it. You can right click afterwards and choose "Add to panel".

You can also right click to panel and choose "Add to panel", then choose "Custom Application Launcher" and copy the "Exec" line of your desktop entry to the "Command" section.


Ubuntu on AMD based Sony Vaio VPCY B15AG

For touchpad support :

Open /etc/default/grub in superuser mode and then
change the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="i8042.reset i8042.nomux i8042.nopnp i8042.noloop"
Run the sudo update-grub command in a terminal.
Restart your machine.

Hopefully, your touchpad should work.

Graphics/Video Card Drivers

Go to System -> Administration -> Additional Drivers

You will find graphics driver for ATI/AMD
Activate it
Restart the machine

Audio

Add ubuntu-audio-dev ppa:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-audio-dev/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-alsa-driver-modules-$(uname -r)

Reboot machine & check levels in alsamixer by alsamixer. Press  to select correct soundcard, show playback level, select capture levels.Use arrow keys to select & change levels, to mute/unmute.

Now go to "System>Preferences>Sound",check correct soundcard is default & adjust profile on the hardware tab.On output tab choose correct device.

Hopefully, you will get your desired resolution.


gparted asks for permission then does nothing

identify missing libaries with ldd /usr/sbin/gpartedbin | grep not

You can find the  packages with apt-file search string of missing libary.  You have to install it first

sudo apt install apt-file && sudo apt update

Example

apt-file search libgtkmm-2.4.so.1
libgtkmm-2.4-1v5: /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgtkmm-2.4.so.1
libgtkmm-2.4-1v5: /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgtkmm-2.4.so.1.1.0


Whats problem with free space? Delete all not system partitions, I mean you have 1 or 2 (reserved) system partitions, boot Linux installation. To avoid confusion in graphical markup, create a partition with fdisk.
sudo fdisk /dev/sdX - where X you hard drive, the laptop most likely has one hard drive (/dev/sda). To view all disks run sudo fdisk -l
Then create partitions for Linux:
type n to create new partition -> first sector default -> for last sector type +50GB to make root. If you have UEFI, create 512MB partition: enter t for change type, l - to view list, enter code for "EFI Partition". To write changes enter w.
Next, mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/sdxY, where sdY is EFI partition.
In installer also set efi mount point for this partition. After installation, just in case, run os-prober.
If something doesn't work out, welcome to wiki
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI


Is it yet possible to use Facebook video chat without a VM?

Unfortunately it seems that you can only do it that way, even when the deeper information gives a clue on which browsers you can use, it also gives null expectations about its usage under linux, as we can read in: http://www.facebook.com/help/?faq=211644178877843

  Which browser should I use to set up
  video calling?
  == Video calling works best with the latest versions of the following
  browsers:

  Mozilla Firefox

  Google Chrome

  Internet Explorer

  Safari

  Note that video calling for Linux is not currently supported. You will
  need to use one of these browsers in a
  Mac or Windows operating system. If
  you’re having trouble with video
  calling, try upgrading or switching
  your browser using the links above.

Nevertheless, the sentence that reads "is not currently supported" gives a hope that they will work on such a support for linux users, so let's wait patiently for it.

Anyway, in my personal experience using internet explorer under wine, I didn't get native results as in a MS based system, so you may experience some issues when trying to use this feature.


What's the easiest way to create a fully-patched Ubuntu installer?

You can use systemback for creating fully patched installation image.

Steps to install systemback on ubuntu.

Sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nemh/systemback
Sudo apt-get update
Sudo apt-get install systemback

In this you can create a restore point also and iso file of your current installed system up to 4gb maximum size.
Then use this iso file for creating bootable USB stick.


How can I install photoshop cs6 on ubuntu 14.04?

Step 1. Install the Wine Team Ubuntu PPA

First start by installing Wine. By the way, it's a utility to install windows apps in linux :

open the Terminal and :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install wine1.7 winetricks

Step 2. Using winetricks to get install dependencies for Photoshop CS6

Now that we have the most recent build of wine, we can get started on fetching the necessary build packages to run the Photoshop installer.

Here’s the command to issue and pull those dependencies

winetricks atmlib gdiplus msxml3 msxml6 vcrun2005 vcrun2005sp1 vcrun2008 ie6 fontsmooth-rgb gecko

If a few errors pop-up, don’t worry – chances are this install will still work.

Step 3. Running the Photoshop CS6 installer

Now that you have all dependencies required to run Photoshop CS6, you can now run the Adobe setup. Either right click Setup.exe, or from the terminal:

cd /home/user/path/to/installer
wine Set-up.exe

If everything worked as intended, you are now done. Photoshop should install like any other program via wine. It should even automatically appear in your programs list!


Ubuntu does not boot on mainboard with UEFI

The fact that GRUB starts, and can start Windows, means that GRUB is starting in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. GRUB cannot switch boot modes (BIOS to EFI or EFI to BIOS), so GRUB must be trying to start Linux in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, too. In other words, EFI support is not your issue. If you try messing with those settings in the firmware, or make EFI-related changes to your disk partitioning or boot loader configuration, you're only likely to make matters worse.

My guess is that you've got a problem with your video configuration, but it could be something else like disk issues. You might get some more clues this way:

When GRUB starts, highlight the Ubuntu entry, but do not press Enter.
Press the e key to edit the GRUB entry. A simple text editor will start.
Locate the kernel line and remove the words quiet splash from that line.
Start the entry. (There's a prompt for what key to press to do this at the bottom, but I don't recall what it is offhand.)

The result will be an attempt to start Ubuntu, but with verbose text-mode messages about the startup procedure displayed to the screen. Chances are this procedure will fail at some point. Take a photo of the screen and add it to your original question. That will have diagnostic information that may provide enough clues to solve the problem.


How to deal with the "make install" error?

Just a vague guess:

cp -pu  bin/* /opt/YHyM/bin/

That won't copy whole directories and results in an error, such as

cp: omitting directory `bin/BTOP'

Did you try to use the -r option of the cp command

cp -pur  bin/* /opt/YHyM/bin/

instead?

Btw, would it make sense to you to shorten the generation of the directory tree using

BASEDIR="/opt/YHyM"

if [[ ! -d ${BASEDIR} ]]; then
    mkdir -p ${BASEDIR}/{bin,data,utl/gradssc}
fi


To start IBus Preferences you can press Alt+F2 and run ibus-setup.

However...

In Ubuntu 14.04 you should normally not use that interface. Instead go to System Settings -> Text Entry and add the desired input sources there.

This is how it works nowadays:
https://help.ubuntu.com/14.04/ubuntu-help/keyboard-layouts.html


How to run any process from /dev/console?


14.04 --> 16.04 failed; apt (>= 1.0.1ubuntu2.13)' is not installed

I've had the exact same problem today.
Make sure your version is the latest Ubuntu 14.04 version before the upgrade. (Ubuntu 14.04.4 at this time)

Mine was stuck to Ubuntu 14.04.3 due to a bad mirror.

So first run:

sudo apt update
sudo apt dist-upgrade

Make sure the version is now Ubuntu 14.04.4 (update September 2016 : Ubuntu 14.04.5).

cat /etc/lsb-release

And start Ubuntu 16.04 installation with

sudo do-release-upgrade -d


How to quit `cat` in grub terminal pre-boot

I’m not familiar with that scenario but usually CTRL + | sends the quit signal (and produces a core dump)


avoid restoration of resource-intensive Firefox session?

Locate the file sessionstore.js inside your Mozilla Firefox profile folder while Firefox isn't running and delete it. This will delete your session data and nothing else.

As a one-liner:

find ~/.mozilla/firefox -iname sessionstore.js -delete


Unable to download the source code of linux that I am running

If you want to download the source of your Ubuntu kernel you need apt-get source not apt-get install.
So  execute following commnad to fetch source of your linux kernel.

sudo apt-get source linux-image-$(uname -r)


Installation: Dual Boot Ubuntu 19.04 'alongside' Windows 10 Pro (with legacy BIOS)

[1] Yes, using a LTS release is recommended, but there is also nothing wrong with using non LTS releases. If your laptop works best out of the box with Ubuntu 19.04, I'd say go with it. Take the opportunity to familiarize yourself with the system and mess around without too much fear. Next year, use the knowledge you acquired with the 19.04 and personalize the experience to what you want with the LTS release 20.04.

[2] If you are installing the default Ubuntu flavor, it will default to using a swap file, so you don't really need to create a swap partition. Some other flavors, like xubuntu will usually create a swap partition by default. Unless you have specific goals in mind, there is no need to worry about it.

The 549MB windows partition you are seeing is probably the windows recovery partition or the boot partition created by windows, but I'm really not sure. The OS itself is in the main 101GB partition.

I personally believe Windows 10 is a bit of a glutton, so I would give it more than the 100GB you did. I installed Windows 10 for a few friends and within a week they seemed to be using 100GB of their ssd without downloading anything. Ubuntu usually works fine with less.

[3] Ubuntu works fine with EFI/Secure Boot. If your machine supports it, and you are using it with Windows, you can also use it with Ubuntu. On some occasions you might need to select something like "Other OS" in the UEFI section of your Motherboard/BIOS. If you would rather use Legacy mode, you can also do so. In this case, you should use legacy mode on both systems. You'll have the option to choose once you have to choose from which drive to boot from when installing. There will be both a "UEFI UBUNTU PEN DRIVE" and a "UBUNTU PEN DRIVE".

You should disable the Windows Fast Startup option (Fast Boot is a UEFI feature). Your computer will still boot at the same time, or something very close. The problem with this Windows option is that once you shut your laptop off, it isn't really shutting it down. It is sort of a semi-hibernation, so it doesn't need to reinitialize everything. I'm personally not a fan, and it might cause a few issues. I would also personally disable the Windows 10 options that sort of compress the system files (forgot what is called), otherwise you will still not be able to access and work with your Windows partition from within Ubuntu. Please note that you shouldn't make a habit of using them to share data. If you need to share files between OSes then it's preferable to have a distinct NTFS partition for this.

[4] It depends a lot on your case. How often are you going to use Windows or Ubuntu? For my friends that need Windows for gaming, I install as dual boot, since having a pass through is a bit more work, and might not work as well. If you are only going to use Windows for banking or something very seldom, I would personally be happy with virtualization. Restarting a computer to use a different OS is quite annoying, and if you have to do it often, you will probably just stick with whatever you need the most. Unless you have demanding programs, that require Windows and won't run well on a virtual machine, I wouldn't dual boot. If you are unsure you will like and get used to Ubuntu, and need the comfort of returning to Windows at any time, then dual boot might have it's value for you. It's ultimately a personal decision that depends on your use case.


Bootable USB with Ubuntu 20.04 and biggest storage size under root "/"

When starting the live USB the system only sees the first two partitions, not the free one. It's read only system - everything you download will reside in your memory, but not physically on the USB stick.
What you could do: take another USB stick (empty) and install you system from the first USB to the second one.
Then you work with your second USB- make sure that your UEFI/Bios boots it first.


need help booting the machine using the Ubuntu 10.04 installer CD

What you want is for your computer not to even get to GRUB. You want it to check for a CD in the drive before it goes to the hard disc (and loads GRUB).

This is done in a computer's 'BIOS'. Just after you turn the machine on, look for a screen, usually with the manufacturer's logo, but more importantly some text that gives you a button (normally something like F8 or F12 to change the boot order. Or alternatively to change the BIOS Settings or Startup settings. Here you want to 'move' the option to boot from CD above the option to boot from hard disc.

In your case, as you already have GRUB and a linux install, if these keyboard settings don't work, you can add an entry to GRUB to boot from CD by following this guide.

The Ubuntu wiki has an article describing some common problems when booting from CD.


How to create a local repository using apt-mirror and mirrorkit?

The CD repository and software repository are two distinct components (they even have separate Launchpad pages: cdmirrors and archivemirrors). Therefore, mirroring them are two distinct tasks. Further, while the various flavours have different folders on the CD repository, they share a software repository. So you can selectively mirror the images per flavour, but not the software. For the software repository, you can selectively mirror based on:

release (trusty, precise, etc.)
architecture (amd64, i386, etc.)
package type (binary [deb] vs source [deb-src])
channels (trusty, trusty-updates, trusty-backports, etc.)
sections (main, multiverse, etc.)

To mirror the software repository, use apt-mirror.

apt-mirror is configured using /etc/apt/mirror.list. It has a format very similar to sources.list. The configuration file installed by the package has a few commented out options which list their defaults. If you wish, you can uncomment and change them.

To mirror a repository, you need to add a line to mirror.list like you would for sources.list:

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main multiverse restricted universe

The default is to mirror only the host's architecture, so if you're on a 64-bit Ubuntu, only amd64 will be mirrored. You need to add another line of the form:

deb-i386 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main multiverse restricted universe

And for source packages:

deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main multiverse restricted universe

If you're looking for a reasonably complete mirror, these lines would be the minimum (I would also recommend -updates channel):

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-i386 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main multiverse restricted universe
deb-i386 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main multiverse restricted universe

Finally, you need to add a clean line so that packages no longer available in the repository are filtered for removal:

clean http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu

Say your variables are thus (the defaults):

set base_path    /var/spool/apt-mirror
set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror
set skel_path    $base_path/skel
set var_path     $base_path/var
set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh

Then:

The repository will be mirrored to $mirror_path/parent-hostname/directory (so /var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu)
The clean.sh (which will be a set of rm commands to delete obsolete packages and directories) will be /var/spool/apt-mirror/var/clean.sh.
The logs will go to /var/spool/apt-mirror/var.

The apt-mirror package installs a cron job (/etc/cron.d/apt-mirror), which you should edit to enable (by uncommenting the line containing /usr/bin/apt-mirror). You should also add a cron job for running clean.sh (I run it weekly).

Of course, you should replace http://us.archive.ubuntu.com./ubuntu with whichever mirror you prefer.


how to recover my HDD partitions by ubuntu 16.04

Hi you can use SystemRescueCd for your problem.Go through the documentation of it it is helpful.


This only partly answers you question: I will not provide a solution for OCRing your backup, but for an paper alternative I recommend using QR codes. I "stored" my revocation certificates as QR codes on paper myself and created them by applying qrencode on the ASCII-armored version of the key (thus the one you'd print anyway).

There's also Paperkey and some other small scripts for doing so, but just piping it through qrencode worked very well for me. Make sure to try reading the code after printing, so you definitely know everything's fine!

I also printed the command to create the code below, and added the ASCII-armored version in plain text on the backside of the page.


Did you try just command as your real user (not root):
vncserver
It's not service, but seems your sudo command complaints about root user as well, if root doesn't have GUI sessions may be a reason.
Edit:
It would be good to check which user it starts with.
This is excerpt from:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VNC/Servers
Start TigerVNC vncserver at boot
The ubuntu install package also registers a system service, making it easy to define listening vnc servers on startup. Edit the file /etc/default/vncserver and add the display number and user to start as:
VNCSERVERS="1:myusername"
Then enable the service at boot with:
sudo update-rc.d vncserver defaults


Looping through directories using a csh command

This command should work. It searches for all *.tar files in the current directory recursively and cds into its location in a Bash subshell and unpacks it there for each result:

find . -iname '*.tar' -exec bash -c 'cd "$(dirname "{}")" ; tar -xvf "$(basename "{}")"' \;


How to stop administrative password change

No. Physical access == root access and root can, bu definition, do what s/he wants. This is why servers are kept in locked rooms.

Your options are :

Limit physical access - lock you computer .
Use Encryption (LUKS). Take care though, Encryption can be defeated if someone has physical access ;)


How to Change from generic ubuntu 20.04 to Ubuntu-Studio

Ubuntu and Ubuntu Studio are technically both Ubuntu.  The use the same package repositories.
You can just use the software center to install the packages that you need.
Don't add a PPA unless you are prepared to take that risk into your own hands.
If you want to go so far as to change the desktop environment to something like XFCE, it would be better that you reinstall the operating system.
Changing desktop environments is not a good task for someone that is not already highly experienced with Ubuntu.


Can I keep my 10.04 installation and swap in ivy bridge CPU, motherboard and memory

I would recommend upgrading to 12.04 first. The newer libraries, drivers, and kernel in 12.04 have better support for the newer hardware. You can just move the xorg.conf out of the way, and keep it as a backup. It shouldn't be needed. But it is good to keep it as a backup, in case you need to plug your hard drives into the old hardware and boot there, because you find it isn't working well on the new hardware.


Lightdm issue after installing xmonad, Ubuntu 14.04

Switch to tty1, login
Stop lightdm:

sudo stop lightdm

Purge lightdm then reinstall it:

sudo apt-get remove --purge lightdm
sudo apt-get install lightdm

Start lightdm

sudo start lightdm

Low graphic, try reconfigure Xorg

Switch to tty1, login
Stop lightdm:

sudo stop lightdm

Create new Xorg configuration file:

sudo Xorg -configure
sudo mv /root/xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Reboot

sudo reboot


How to Create an Access point with ubuntu 12.04

This is the tutorial I am using right now and I am sharing with you. Credit goes to XDA Developers.

Open your terminal and paste as

sudo apt-get install hostapd dnsmasq

Then paste these one after one.

sudo service hostapd stop
sudo service dnsmasq stop
sudo update-rc.d hostapd disable
sudo update-rc.d dnsmasq disable

after that paste as

sudo gedit /etc/dnsmasq.conf

and paste these lines

# Bind to only one interface
bind-interfaces
# Choose interface for binding
interface=wlan0
# Specify range of IP addresses for DHCP leasses
dhcp-range=192.168.150.2,192.168.150.10

Then again

  sudo gedit /etc/hostapd.conf

paste this

# Define interface
interface=wlan0
# Select driver
driver=nl80211
# Set access point name
ssid=myhotspot
# Set access point harware mode to 802.11g
hw_mode=g
# Set WIFI channel (can be easily changed)
channel=6
# Enable WPA2 only (1 for WPA, 2 for WPA2, 3 for WPA + WPA2)
wpa=2
wpa_passphrase=mypassword

Now open a text editor and paste

#!/bin/bash
# Start
# Configure IP address for WLAN
sudo ifconfig wlan0 192.168.150.1
# Start DHCP/DNS server
sudo service dnsmasq restart
# Enable routing
sudo sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
# Enable NAT
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
# Run access point daemon
sudo hostapd /etc/hostapd.conf
# Stop
# Disable NAT
sudo iptables -D POSTROUTING -t nat -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
# Disable routing
sudo sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=0
# Disable DHCP/DNS server
sudo service dnsmasq stop
sudo service hostapd stop

and save it with any script.sh name and do as

chmod +x scriptname.sh
./scriptname.sh

so you will have a wifi access point.

Note:
    ssid=myhotspot

set the access point name as you want by editing there.

wpa_passphrase=mypassword

here you can set your password as you want.

sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE

change ppp0 to the connection from which you will get Internet.

sudo iptables -D POSTROUTING -t nat -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE

Here also same change it.

And we are ready to go.


Headset Configuration Automatically Changes From High Fidelity Playback (A2DP Sink) to Headset Head Unit(HSP/HFB)

I think this is probably the same issue as this one.
To summarize:
Basically you need to change this line in the file /etc/pulse/default.pa:
### Automatically load driver modules for Bluetooth hardware
ifexists module-bluetooth-policy.so
load-module module-bluetooth-policy
.endif

to
### Automatically load driver modules for Bluetooth hardware
ifexists module-bluetooth-policy.so
load-module module-bluetooth-policy auto_switch=false
.endif


Can't adjust brightness or contrast on Canon n650u scanner running simple-scan & 17.04

Solved! Go to /etc/sane.d and edit plustek.conf. Go to the gamma options and change them all to 0.4 (that's the number that worked for me).

Why won't the brightness and contrast sliders work in simple scan? I dunno. Could be a bug. But this is a good workaround. Now I can scan my various and sundry body parts and email them to elected officials all over the world. I am so happy.


No soundcard detected after reinstalling audio drivers

I've carefully read the linked instructions and I cannot help but notice that down at the bottom it lists instructions for reversing its changes.  Your post doesn't appear to indicate you did that reversing.

I submit that it would be helpful to you to either uninstall those packages installed using those linked instructions, or at the very least, determine if they are still installed.

I'm no expert at this, but if you like doing stuff with command lines, you might try this one to see which OSS4 packages may still be installed.

dpkg -l | grep -i oss4

Otherwise I'd advise, as I so frequently advise, installing the Synaptic Package Manager, and either using its HISTORY (located under the file menu), or a search, to see which oss4 packages are currently installed on your system, and mark them for removal.  Considering how easy Synaptic makes this operation, I'm surprised it isn't mentioned more often.

In the end, you may still need to reinstall your entire system, but I'm sure that if you are ever going to succeed in the configuration of your recalcitrant sound device, you are first going to have to overcome its driver issues.


How can I sync my home folder "both ways" using rsync

Unison is the bidirectional equivalent of rsync. Normally it just runs with no fuss, copying from whichever side has changed to the other side. If there's a conflict, i.e. you've changed the file on both sides, it tells you and asks you what to do.

To synchronize between more than two machines, use a star pattern where there is a center machine and any number of satellite machines: run unison between each satellite machine and the center machine. In your setup, the server would be the center machine.


Master PDF Editor won't start after installation

I found out myself what the problem was: I accidentally installed a 32-bit version. When installing the 64-bit version everything works without a problem.


Best way to make Ubuntu installation as lean as possible?

I have no need to do what you are doing but Ubuntu Desktop requires 25GB space (recommended) and Ubuntu Server requires 1.5GB space (recommended) so I would start by installing the server edition.

Next I would install the desktop (not all the apps) onto the server version:

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

Then reboot and run a script to install your bare minimum GUI requirements.


Where is the 1:1 zoom button in Image Viewer in Ubuntu 16.04?

Ubuntu 16.04 is based on gnome 3.18. Applications such as eog or gedit (are part of gnome desktop environment) are updated versions and this is modified interface. In eog you can click + and set 1:1 zoom (just move to mark).

If you don't like the way it looks you can downgrade applications to previous versions like this example.


If you do something like

grep "^$user_name:" $FILE | IFS=":" read user pw uid gid name home shell
echo "User = '$user'"

the right side of the pipeline (the read command) is run in its own subshell process and the variables it sets are gone when it ends so echo just displays empty strings.

But you can do something like

grep "^$user_name:" $FILE | ( IFS=":" read user pw uid gid name home shell
    echo "User = '$user'" )

In this case the whole ( ... ) part is run in the same subshell and the variables are available for the echo call.


zpool.cache is probably not a part of the ignores that is added by "etckeeper update-ignore". You can manually get bzr to ignore it by running:

 bzr remove --keep zfs/zpool.cache
 bzr ignore zfs/zpool.cache


Solved. I don't remember the procedure much.

Got onto tty1 via Ctrl+Alt+F1
Ran sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool but I got a dpkg --configure -a error
So I ran dpkg --configure -a. The problem fixed
After that I ran sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool and then unity
I didn't have gnome so I installed sudo apt-get install gnome too
Rebooted in lost hopes, it booted up correctly and now i'm using it, can't be more happy!


For Graphic designers which Ubuntu version is better?

It totally does not matter. All official Ubuntu versions are the same; they have the same core and same available applications. The difference is the software that gets installed by default (mainly another desktop environment, some different default apps).

Any high-end system is capable of running any version of Ubuntu and have the software installed used for Ubuntu Studio.

Here is a list of software used in Studio. All of these are available through the normal repositories.


Which programming language to use when interacting with shell?

This question may be regarded as opinion-based, because most higher-level programming languages have an interface to the system shell, and the decision is mainly a matter of preference (and only to some part of "the right tool for the right job"). However, here are some hints from my point of view:

If the logic is simple (mainly the calls with fixed or passed parameters, no fancy calculations), use shell scripts. Easy to start with, to implement and to maintain.
For more advanced logic, you'll be better off with a common scripting language like Python, Lua, even Perl if you know how to use it.
C++/Qt makes sense if you want a sophisticated UI experience, but here also Python + PyQt would be an alternative. Altogether compiler languages add some overhead to the development cycle, but provide better runtime performance, which may be an advantage if the application is consuming much processor time and runs permanently.


Short answer: no, you cannot. Not easily, at least.

The the items in your list aren't discrete, separate, window managers. Item #1 for instance (rox-fluxbox) relies on an antix script to both initiate a fluxbox (window manager) session and set rox as desktop manager. The underlying script also sets rox-filer as preferred file manager and handles any session autostart apps.

For use on top of your existing ubuntu, to achieve all those login choices you would, AT A MINIMUM, need to install "icewm" and "fluxbox" (and fbpanel) and "jwm"... then install the rox-desktop package (IIRC, includes rox-filer file manager) and install "spacefm" file manager. Who can guess whether ubuntu repository has suitable versions of these packages, plus suitable versions of the packages they depend on?

If you manage to successfully find/install all of the above WMs etc., you'll still need to tweak their configs to achieve autostarts... and "fluxbox" knows nothing about "rox". That's where the custom (antix) script(s) come into play. IIRC, those scripts are contained within, and installed by, the package "antix-desktop-defaults" which would have been preinstalled in the antix linux ISO. If you're interested, you can browse/study the content of those scripts by visiting github dot com slash antiX-Linux (note: capitalized here to match the URL/path as exists at github)


What is usage of script command in bash?

From man script

script - make typescript of terminal session
script  makes  a  typescript of everything displayed on your terminal.  It is useful for students who need a hardcopy record of an interactive session as proof of an assignment, as the typescript file can be printed out later with lpr(1).

A typescript is "a copy of a text or document that has been typed". So, the command basically records the session.


Finding active eth port while installing Ubuntu Server

If you have access to the install media you could install ethtool by running:

apt-get install ethtool

If they are installed based on the same disk image. I would recommend to remove /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules It will be regenerated on the next reboot based on the devices actual in the machine. That should fixed the issue with the random interface naming.


Removing the Try Ubuntu / Install Ubuntu Screen

For mkusb, (12.4.3), the Try/Install screen can be eliminated by removing "maybe-ubiquity" from the persistent grub.cfg menuentry, on a drive made using mkusb. Try/Install has been removed from Persistence option in latest version of mkusb.

For Rufus, (3.10), the Try/Install screen can be eliminated in BIOS mode by overwriting the contents of syslinux.cfg with:

default persistent
label persistent
  say Booting an Ubuntu Persistent session...
  kernel /casper/vmlinuz
  append  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper persistent initrd=/casper/initrd quiet splash noprompt --

In UEFI mode the Try/Install screen can be eliminated by removing "maybe-ubiquity" from the persistent grub.cfg menuentry.

For Unetbootin, (677), there is not a problem with Try/Install in BIOS mode, but in UEFI mode the Try/Install screen can be eliminated by removing "maybe-ubiquity" from the first grub.cfg menuentry.

The grub.cfg menuentry for installing Ubuntu is:

menuentry "Install Ubuntu" {
    set gfxpayload=keep
    linux   /casper/vmlinuz  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper only-ubiquity quiet splash ---
    initrd  /casper/initrd
}


Clean install of 14.04 over corrupted 14.04

There may be a "Remove all linux partitions" option, if so do that.  Otherwise, you will have to format the linux partitions manually and then install over that.


parsing `/etc/passwd` file to find users with Interactive shells

I think you have a basic misconception: talking of a shell that you cannot run interactively but that you can run non-interactively is much like talking of a car that you can't drive but that you can use to listen to the radio.

The main purpose of a shell is running interactively, the fact that it can run non-interactively is the optional, not the other way around.

Closer to the concept of a shell that you cannot run interactively but that you can run non-interactively is an interpreted language which can't be interpreted interactively (though one real example is not occuring to me right now: the most common interpreted languages all can run interactive sessions: Perl, Python, PHP, ...)

That been said if you want to find out whether a user is allowed to login through a shell, you can use this command:

shell=$(getent passwd user | cut -d ':' -f 7); [ "$shell" = "/usr/sbin/nologin" -o "$shell" = "/bin/false" ] && printf 'User is not allowed to login\n' || printf '%s\n' "$shell"

(replace user in the getent passwd user command with the user's username)

In Python you could do:

#!/usr/bin/python
user = "user"
with open("/etc/passwd") as file:
    for line in file:
        if line.split(":")[0] == user:
            if line.rstrip("\n").split(":")[6] in ["/usr/sbin/nologin", "/bin/false"]:
                print("User is not allowed to login")
            else:
                print(line.rstrip("\n").split(":")[6])

(replace user in the user = "user" statement with the user's username)

Or, as suggested by muru, better using the pwd module:

#!/usr/bin/python
from pwd import getpwnam

user = "user"
shell = getpwnam(user)[6]
if shell in ["/usr/sbin/nologin", "/bin/false"]:
    print("User is not allowed to login")
else:
    print(shell)

(replace user in the user = "user" statement with the user's username)

In all of the examples above if the seventh field of the user's /etc/passwd entry is either /usr/sbin/nologin or /usr/bin/false a message saying that the user is not allowed to login is printed; otherwise the user's login shell is printed.

But keep in mind that not being able to login through a shell doesn't mean the user is not allowed to login at all, and that there might be bogus shells other than /usr/sbin/nologin or /bin/false used to forbid the user's login. You should watch out for those too.


Recording audio to a pulseaudio stream / sink input, and playing from stream on demand

Solved it!

pactl load-module module-loopback source=alsa_input.platform-sound-cs42888.analog-mono sink=alsa_output.platform-sound-cs42888.analog-surround-51 rate=48000

However,
pactl unload-module module-loopback does not work effectively, waits for a few seconds. It would be good if I could unload it instantly.


How to change the Dash Button in Unity Launcher?

11.10
It is configurable. The unity icons are in /usr/share/unity/4. Please browse this folder with the file manager to see the thumbnails.
Here is an example to change the look of the default dash home:
cd /usr/share/unity/4
sudo mv squircle_base_54.png squircle_base_54.png.orig
sudo mv squircle_shine_54.png squircle_shine_54.png.orig
sudo cp round_outline_54x54.png squircle_base_54.png
sudo cp round_shine_54x54.png squircle_shine_54.png

Log out and log back in. You will see the new dash home.

Definitely more customization could be done as long as you replace the correct files. Please backup the original files before making the changes.
BTW, maybe you have the question: how do you know the solution? I hit the same problem and tried to search all related files:
sudo find / -type f -iname "*dash*"


Ubuntu forums......help those that help themselves.  Or so it seems.

I searched and tried over half a dozen solutions to this problem on this forum.  Nothing worked - all of them ran into issues at one point or another.

But I was successful in finding an answer.  I would suggest others having this same issue read the article at the website below.  It worked for me.

The Best Way To Install Ubuntu 18.04 with Nvidia Drivers


Hotkey to direct Control-V + a script to the focused window?

The key is to use xdotool.  To get it to work with an added script in a hotkey, it has to be done this way:

/bin/bash -c "xdotool key --clearmodifiers ctrl+v && /usr/bin/diodon pop"


There is a very good football game coming to final release in December. Its name is "Gameplay Football" and it is developed by "Properly Decent" studio. It is a free game that runs on MS Windows and Linux.

This is the official Web site:

http://www.properlydecent.com/

And here you can find more information:

http://www.moddb.com/games/gameplay-football

You can download a beta release. I tried to intall it on Ubuntu and I found some errors, but you can try anyway.

I think it is the best football game on Linux!

Regards.

Ariel


While playing Half Life 2 on ubuntu 15.04 the screen goes black and goes into lock screen sometimes

My best guess would be that Ubuntu thinks that you aren't using your computer and thus puts it to sleep.

You can confirm/fix this by going into System Settings:

then Brightness & Lock:

then changing this drop-down:

to Never:

If the random black screen + locking stops, then you know that this is what's causing it!


How do I move an icon from the desktop to the menu in Gnome Flashback?

This is possible, it is just slightly tricky. I will be using an application called Prototyper Free that I happen to have installed with WINE and on my desktop.

First we need to find out what the icon name/paths are for every desktop icon we want to move to the menu. I don't know where the relevant .desktop files are for PlayOnLinux apps, but WINE's are stored in ~/.local/share/applications/wine/programs/programName/program.desktop.  Find the desktop files for your apps. Mine is located at:

~/.local/share/applications/wine/programs/Justinmind/Prototyper Free 5.6.1/Prototyper Free 5.6.1.desktop

Open the file and find the Icon and Exec fields; save the text in a blank text file for now.

Now open Applications -> Accessories -> Main Menu. Select the category/menu you want your icons to appear in and click New Item (if you want your apps to appear in the root menu, directly under "Applications" select "Applications" at the top).

Fill out the name and comment fields with whatever you want and put the text you got from the Exec line in the .desktop file earlier in the command field.

Click OK.

Now you have your menu item:

That icon doesn’t look so great though, does it? Head over to:

~/.local/share/applications

and find a file named alacarte-made.desktop. Open it up and replace the text in the Icon= section with the text you got at the beginning of the answer. Save the file. Now your menu entry's icon should look normal.

Alacarte (aka. Main Menu) will name each subsequent .desktop file alacarte-made-1.desktop, alacarte-made-2.desktop, etc. You will have to keep track of them when editing. Do not try to rename them, as it doesn't work and your menu items will disappear. I don't know why.


Unknow effect in XUbuntu and Ubuntu: moving the mouse, the screen is moving around

Solution found:

Alt + Mouse-Wheel-Forward will zoom in on the entire desktop.
Alt + Mouse-Wheel-Back will zoom out and stop at normal size.

Attention: I was playing around with Ctrl and, thus, the trick does not work. The right key for this problem is Alt.
It seems that there is the same feature also in Ubuntu (based on Gnome). The answer comes from here.


Laptop ASUS K55VJ high temperature on Ubuntu 18.04

Trouble on the Gnome side, bad optimization, my friend who uses kubuntu gived me advice to install kde, and it helped kde gives me 45-50 degrees on CPU. Not perfect but better.

Not sure my answer is right so i leave it unmarked.


We encountered similar symptoms during an update of a commercial NFS server.

Very possibly during the network changes the server and client got out of sync. The server is not accepting any file operation requests.  There have been a number of bug fixes in this area. You didn't mention which version of NFS client you're using or what NFS server, but keeping those packages up to date is a good idea.

Try unmounting and re-mounting /home.


Yes, 'cs:' prefix denotes the charm store. Deploying charms from there is covered in the documentation here

The local: prefix denotes a local charm. Deploying local charms is covered here.

You may also wish to check out 'Charm tools' which help further manage charms locally.

There is currently no simple way to add your own prefix for a different repository


Laptop won't boot after failed hibernation and power cycle

As Joshua commented, try to take out your battery and unplug it from the power supply. Then press the power button and hold it for 20-30 seconds.

It should not have anything to do with your os if you get no error messages.


Unity Ctrl + Alt + Del set default value to 'Lock'

You can override the default shortcut by creating your custom shortcut for this purpose.

Go to System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts ->
Custom Shortcuts
Add a shortcut with any name with following  command in command
box

qdbus org.gnome.ScreenSaver /org/gnome/ScreenSaver org.gnome.ScreenSaver.Lock

Now click on this newly created shortcut and assign it
Ctrl+Alt+Del
Click on Reassign if popup  window is appearing with  warning message about  shortcut conflict.

To restore the default behaviour of Ctrl+Alt+Del shortcut

Delete  your custom shortcut.
Select System in left column of shortcut setting window.
Select logout shortcut  and assign  it  Ctrl+Alt+Del


Syntax highlighting with less, trouble with lexer

Buried in pygmentize --help:

  If -g is passed,
  attempt to guess the lexer from the file contents, or pass through as
  plain text if this fails (this can work for stdin).

Simply change your code to:

cless () {
    pygmentize -gf terminal "$1" | less -R
}


my ubuntu 14.04 doesnt support infrastructure mode . in windows 10 i can create hotspot but not in ubuntu 14.04

This adapter is supported only by Broadcom proprietary drivers in Linux.

These drivers do not support infrastructure mode.

So there is no solution with this adapter.


I had the same issue on 16.04.

I used this command to enable Super key for opening the Unity launcher and it worked for me

dconf write /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/show-launcher "'Enabled'"


How to run applications using admin account while it is not in use or active?

This website has some nice articles on setting up a media server, one of which is for a deluge daemon:
http://havetheknowhow.com/Install-the-software/Install-Deluge-Headless.html

note: this ends up creating another user called 'deluge' and having the deluge daemon process running under that user, along with its permissions only.  This way, you don't have to give up root access!


The problem is that new Nvidia proprietary drivers do not support these old video cards.

Open source "nouveau" drivers do not manage power states well, because Nvidia does not give information on how to do it.

The best solution for this old laptop is to install Ubuntu 14.04 and proprietary nvidia-173 drivers.

But there may be some problems. Now you can download only 14.04.2 with newer graphical stack. And 173 drivers maybe won't install.

So you need to find original 14.04, or downgrade the stack with this command

for 64-bit

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg libgl1-mesa-glx:i386

for 32-bit

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg libgl1-mesa-glx


How can I enable biometric log in option on my laptop?

Actually, you may give it a try to using package fwupd for installation of Windows Drivers on Ubuntu.
According to itsfoss:

fwupd is an open source daemon that handles firmware upgrades in Linux based systems. It is created by GNOME developer Richard Hughes. Developers from Dell also contributed to the development of this open source tool.
Basically, it utilizes the LVFS, Linux Vendor Firmware Service. Hardware vendors upload redistributable firmware to the LVFS site and thanks to fwupd, you can upgrade those firmware from inside the operating system itself. fwupd is supported by major Linux distributions like Ubuntu and Fedora.

Lenovo is one of the most contributing vendor member of LVFS and I believe I had seen several Synaptic Fingerprint drivers available for Lenovo but I'm not sure if it's available for IdeaPads, maybe the Synaptic Fingerprint Driver for other Lenovo products would work if it's not available directly for IdeaPad. You may try.
You may control if the equilavent Linux drivers exist or being developed from here.
I hope it helps.


What are the steps of this command using ; || and &&

Linguistically, you can think of statement1 && statement2 by itself as saying "execute statement1, and if its exit status is 0, then execute statement2."  The other statement1 || statement2 syntax by itself translates to "execute statement1, and if its exit status is not 0, then execute statement2."

These operators are primarily intended for use within single conditions of if-constructs.  But, they also have use in other places to compress confusing syntax.

The semicolon, ;, is just Bash's standard statement separator (e.g. it allows you to put two statements on the same line and run the 2nd immediately after the 1st, barring circumstances irrelevant to this explanation). Any statement after the semicolon will be interpreted nomatter the result (true/false) of the previous return value.

  If A fails, then run B, but if A succeeds, then run C (How can I do
  this with "||" ";" and/or "&&"?)

A && C || B

Let's test it out:

john@mypc:~/test$ ls
file-A.txt  file-B.txt  file-C.txt
john@mypc:~/test$ cat file-A.txt && cat file-C.txt || cat file-B.txt
file A content
file C content
john@mypc:~/test$ rm file-A.txt
john@mypc:~/test$ ls
file-B.txt  file-C.txt
john@mypc:~/test$ cat file-A.txt && cat file-C.txt || cat file-B.txt
cat: file-A.txt: No such file or directory
file B content
john@mypc:~/test$

As you can see, file B's contents were only printed when printing file A failed.  Before we deleted file A, its content printed successfully and only file C's content printed afterward.

On the other hand, ; symbols are agnostic of the previous return code. For example given three commands X, Y, Z, X && Y && Z will not execute statement Z if Y (or X) returns a non-zero exit code, whereas (for all intents and purposes) X ; Y ; Z will execute all three independent of command X and Y's exit codes.


How to forward X over SSH to run gnome-terminal remotely? (18.04)

As steeldriver said in a comment above, new gnome-terminal instance behaves like some insipid Windows or Mac program; it only sends a message to the existing, running gnome-terminal to create a new window.
To run gnome-terminal on a new client PC, use the --disable-factory or --app-id option.


Ubuntu/14.04 / Apache2 configuration issues? Not sure what I am doing wrong Laravel: default route will render but others will not.

Changing my Apache config file to the below resolved the issue.

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName somehost
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html/public

    CustomLog       /var/www/html/access.log common
    ErrorLog        /var/www/html/error.log

   <Directory /var/www/html/public>
      <IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
      Options -MultiViews
      RewriteEngine On
      RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
     RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]
   </IfModule>
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>


Connection to firefox fails when applying runApp() from shiny in R

Shiny uses TCP ports from high range (>1024), so you do not need sudo here.
Execute all commands as your ordinary user, which has access to Xorg:
R
library(shiny)
runApp("/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/shiny/examples/01_hello")


Unable to create partition table/partitions

1) Look at "dmesg" for answer.
in shell,type this:

dmesg | more

Maybe you have adapters for CF, SD cards, etc. without media inside.or broken This shouldn't be a problem, until some file refer to disk by that name (for example in /etc/fstab, but there should be an UUIDs instead of /dev/sd?, by default).


Graphic glitches, icons and text disappears with Thinkpad T450 and Ubuntu 14.10 Gnome

I found out it was this problem.

14.04 Thinkpad T450: Text getting messed up on large screens

Just did what the answer said and tada.


Unable to install pantheon-shell and elementary-tweaks due to missing dependencies

Try the following, in the shown order

sudo apt-get autoclean && apt-get clean
sudo aptitude update && sudo aptitude -y upgrade
sudo aptitude install <package>


From what you can see, that file is actuallty a disk image.
You need to convert it to an img file using dmg2img (sudo apt-get install dmg2img), then you can mount the resulting img file in a loop device to browse its content:

mount -o loop example.img /home/you/dir


How to create a directory "dir" with subdirectories from subdir00 to subdir10 each of which contains subdirectoriess from subsubdir00 to subsubdir10?

You can use brace expansion as follows to do that with a single command:
mkdir -p dir/subdir{00..10}/subsubdir{00..10}

The -p flag is used to create parent directories if needed.
As stated in the Bash documentation I'm referencing above (or in man bash):

Supplied integers may be prefixed with ‘0’ to force each term to have
the same width. When either x or y begins with a zero, the shell
attempts to force all generated terms to contain the same number of
digits, zero-padding where necessary.


What package is responsible for webcam detection?

you can use this package for webcam detection:
(Camorama Webcam Viewer)

you can install it with this command line:

sudo apt-get install camorama


Try using low graphics mode, may be a driver or compiz issue.

To enable low graphics mode, go into a terminal and type:

wget -O ~/.config/upstart/lowgfx.conf http://pastebin.com/raw/RPaPPida

This will download a configuration file off the internet, and output it to the directory specified.  After you are done, reboot your computer, and see if this has worked.

Source


install ubuntu on aspire one cloudbook 11

I've seen that error on many platforms, I think it can be safely ignored.


Why my files from an NTFS partition are not shown in Gnome Activities search?

To have tracker index a directory that is not included in its default list, you have to take several actions.
I have just managed to have indexed a mounted windows partition, which was previously not indexed, so the description below worked for me.

I took several actions, and some of them may be redundant. It would take some more trial and error to find the exact combination/s that produce the intended results.
But this configuration (perhaps "in excess") would work.

Add a bind mount as explained here (also linked in another answer).
Assume the mount is in $HOME/mount_dir.
It will point to the same directory as /media/4416017316016770 (in my case, /mnt/windows).
The fact that you see it twice in catfish probably means the binding is ok.
Note that this mentions a soft link instead of a mount should work. I didn't try it.
Add directory /media/4416017316016770 in gsettings org.freedesktop.Tracker.Miner.Files index-recursive-directories.
You could use dconf-editor (install it if you don't have it), navigate to org.freedesktop.Tracker.Miner.Files, and modify key index-recursive-directories.
My current value is ['&DESKTOP', '&DOCUMENTS', '&DOWNLOAD', '&MUSIC', '&PICTURES', '&VIDEOS', '/mnt/windows', '/bin'] (I have added also /bin to test the difference between adding a directory in the same drive and a different drive).
Add directories /media/4416017316016770 and $HOME/mount_dir in key org.freedesktop.Tracker.Miner.Files index-single-directories.
My current value is  ['$HOME', '/mnt/windows', '$HOME/mount_dir'].
Set org.freedesktop.Tracker.Miner.Files index-removable-devices to True.
Stop and start the daemons.

$ tracker daemon -t
$ tracker daemon -s

Make sure indexing finished with

$ tracker daemon -f

Check if your file is indexed with

$ tracker search "verkhnenovokutlumbetyevo"

It may require reboot.
As said, perhaps some of the additions are not needed.


In your home directory go to the .cache folder and there delete the "software-center" folder. This should fix the problem.


None of the above worked for me so I am copying the answer from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16093331/how-to-install-r-version-3-0

Uninstall old R:

sudo apt-get remove r-base-core

Then:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://cran.rstudio.com/bin/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc)/"

Then copy/paste these commands into the command line:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys E298A3A825C0D65DFD57CBB651716619E084DAB9
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:marutter/rdev
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install r-base

Which worked for me


Reaching a Docker environment running in VMware from LAN

It turned out it was only a setting in Traefik. I had to add a second router http rule for the nginx container in my docker-compose.yml:
- "traefik.http.routers.${PROJECT_NAME}_nginx_lan.rule=Host(`192.168.10.100`)"

So the full nginx section now looks like that:
  nginx:
    image: wodby/nginx:$NGINX_TAG
    container_name: "${PROJECT_NAME}_nginx"
    depends_on:
    - php
    environment:
      NGINX_STATIC_OPEN_FILE_CACHE: "off"
      NGINX_ERROR_LOG_LEVEL: debug
      NGINX_BACKEND_HOST: php
      NGINX_SERVER_ROOT: /var/www/html/web
      NGINX_VHOST_PRESET: $NGINX_VHOST_PRESET
    #      NGINX_DRUPAL_FILE_PROXY_URL: http://example.com
    volumes:
    - ./web:/var/www/html:cached
    labels:
    - "traefik.http.routers.${PROJECT_NAME}_nginx.rule=Host(`${PROJECT_BASE_URL}`)"
    - "traefik.http.routers.${PROJECT_NAME}_nginx_lan.rule=Host(`192.168.10.100`)"

It works fine. I can now access my Drupal website at http://192.168.10.100:8000 from any other device on the same LAN.
In my case, PROJECT_BASE_URL and PROJECT_NAME are configured in an .env file and correspond to drupal.localhost and drupal respectively.
Thanks @muru for the help!


Make a new notification with sound icon and bar

Yep, it should be special notification:

gdbus call --session --dest org.freedesktop.Notifications \
  --object-path /org/freedesktop/Notifications \
  --method org.freedesktop.Notifications.Notify \
    'gnome-settings-daemon' \
    0 \
    'notification-audio-volume-medium' \
    ' ' \
    '' \
    [] \
    "{'x-canonical-private-synchronous': <'volume'>, 'value': <24>}" \
    1

Found by watching dbus-monitor:

method call time=1447796042.858910 sender=:1.11 -> destination=:1.96 serial=216 path=/org/freedesktop/Notifications; interface=org.freedesktop.Notifications; member=Notify
   string "gnome-settings-daemon"
   uint32 0
   string "notification-audio-volume-medium"
   string " "
   string ""
   array [
   ]
   array [
      dict entry(
         string "x-canonical-private-synchronous"
         variant             string "volume"
      )
      dict entry(
         string "value"
         variant             int32 48
      )
   ]
   int32 -1

Then write my own call using:

gdbus following this post How to pass a{sv} arguments to gdbus?
Or if you want python, this well explained post: How to read dbus-monitor output?. Even it has same sound notification as a showcase.

Icons available are:

find /usr/share/notify-osd/icons/hicolor/scalable/status/ -name "notification-audio-volume-*" -exec basename {} .svg \;

notification-audio-volume-low
notification-audio-volume-off
notification-audio-volume-medium
notification-audio-volume-muted
notification-audio-volume-high