Get IP of remote windows machine from Hostname

Assuming the Windows machine is still accessible over the network, you can use a port scanning program to scan for the VNC server it's running. If host name discovery is not working, it's often faster and easier to scan your network for the running server than to troubleshoot it.

This may seem complicated at first, but port scanning soon becomes a very quick and easy way to get otherwise difficult-to-access information about what machines are on your network and what servers they are running.

One excellent network scanner that can be used for this is Nmap. To install Nmap in Ubuntu, open a Terminal window (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nmap

Now, suppose for the sake of example-making that:

Your local network's IP addresses all start with 192.168.1.. (You can check this by running ifconfig or, if you can access it, by looking in your router's web-based setup.)
The Windows box's VNC server is running on port 5900. (This is quite common, but not universal--you can tell it to listen on just about any port.)

You'll have to replace the above values with whatever actually applies to your situation.

Then you can use Nmap to scan your LAN for the Windows box's VNC server by running:

sudo nmap -sS -sV 192.168.1.\* -p5900

(Why does nmap have to be run as root with sudo? This enables it to perform scans using techniques that are faster, more efficient, and even less consuming of network resources. As root, it can perform actions that are really only useful for network-scanning and other similarly interesting applications, and thus not made available for normal applications running as limited users. However, if you don't want to run it as root, you don't have to; it will just be a little slower. In that case, replace -sS with -sT, and remove sudo from the beginning. See man nmap for details.)

This may display a result for all of your computers, but the one you're interested in is the one that says open in the STATE column. For example, it could look like:

Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.105
Host is up (0.00011s latency).
PORT     STATE SERVICE     VERSION
5900/tcp open  vnc         ....

I don't have a VNC server running on my LAN so I'm not sure that's exactly what it will look like (and the ... will certainly be replaced by information about the server software that is running). But that's essentially what it looks like.

The IP address on the line that says Nmap scan report, at the top of the entry that shows port 5900 (or whatever port it's using) as "open," is the IP address of the Windows box.

If you prefer to use a graphical interface, then:

You can install nmap in the Software Center. Install the zenmap package too; that's a graphical interface for nmap.
Then open Zenmap and do your scan from there.

To run Zenmap as root (see the note above about this, and the -sS vs. -sT flags), press Alt+F2 and run gksudo zenmap.

If you don't have gksudo (some 13.04 systems do and some do not), you can install it (it is provided by the gksu package), or you can open a Terminal and run sudo -H zenmap or sudo -i zenmap.

You should not run zenmap with straight sudo though, as you'd run a non-graphical program. That is, avoid sudo zenmap; running any but the most trivial graphical applications that way can cause annoying problems with an application's configuration files.
When you use Zenmap, you don't have to escape *s with a \. That is, where you'd have something like 192.168.1.\* in the Terminal, just use 192.168.1.* in Zenmap.

Screenshot of Zenmap, showing a scan like what you may want to perform. On my network there are no VNC servers running, so nothing open is shown; just closed and filtered. On your network, you'd be looking for which IP has an open VNC port.

As you can probably see in the screenshot above, running Zenmap still involves composing an Nmap command, and in that way is command-line-like. But the output is shown graphically, and part of your command can be created automatically by using the interface provided.


How to forbid Kubuntu 13.04 Task Manager to group similar instances of an opened program?

Right click on task manager pane, go to Task manager settings and see under Grouping and Sorting.


Is there any software exactly like Adobe Dreamweaver that works with Ubuntu?

Brackets is an open-source code editor for web design and development built on top of web technologies such as HTML, CSS and JavaScript, available for Linux, Windows and Mac OS X.

The application was originally created by Adobe, but is now maintained by the community.

Brackets comes with some very interesting features, like a quick edit mode (Ctrl +e) that brings the relevant CSS for the selected tag in the main editor or live browser previews - the changes are pushed instantly to the browser (Chrome only), without having to save the changes or reload the page (see video below).

Furthermore, Brackets supports extensions for adding extra functionality - more than 100 extensions (as of november 2013) can easily be installed through the built-in Extension Manager:

Brackets for Linux was released back in August and while the Linux builds are practically at feature parity with the the Mac and Windows builds, there are some known issues. For instance, Brackets doesn't currently use native OS menus so under Unity, the menu isn't displayed on the top panel. There's also an issue that occurs when closing the application: you must click the close button twice to get the application to quit. More info about the Linux version, HERE.

Below you'll find an introduction video for Brackets (the video is old, but it should be enough to get an idea on what Brackets can do and why it's different from other code editors):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rvo3Mv1Z4qU (direct video link).

Even though there are deb packages available for download on its website, users must manually download and install each update, and Brackets is updated quite often, usually every 2½ weeks. For this reason, WebUpd8Team have created a Brackets Ubuntu PPA which makes it easily to stay up to date with the latest Brackets Linux builds in Ubuntu and derivatives.

Install Brackets in Ubuntu via PPA

To add the Brackets PPA and install the application in Ubuntu (and derivatives), use the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/brackets
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install brackets

Source : WebUpd8.org


Ardour wants the latest unified version of lv2, which was only released on April 18, 2012, and is not available in any repositories yet. You must download and build it from source:

Download http://lv2plug.in/spec/lv2-1.0.0.tar.bz2, extract and enter source directory.
./waf configure && ./waf build && sudo ./waf install should do the trick.

waf for Ardour will then also ask you for the latest versions of the following dependencies, which you can download from the below URLs and build/install as above.
Note that the drobilla.net server is sometimes offline, in which case just google the filenames and you will get alternative download servers.

http://download.drobilla.net/serd-0.14.0.tar.bz2
http://download.drobilla.net/sord-0.8.0.tar.bz2
http://download.drobilla.net/sratom-0.2.0.tar.bz2
http://download.drobilla.net/lilv-0.14.2.tar.bz2
http://download.drobilla.net/suil-0.6.4.tar.bz2


Give permission to debian-transmission to write into a www-data directory

Give debian-transmission write permission on the directory using ACLs:

sudo setfacl -Rm u:debian-transmission:rwX /opt/www
sudo setfacl -Rdm u:debian-transmission:rwX /opt/www

This sets both the current permissions and default permissions (ones inherited by new files/folders).


How can I get the A2DP output option and the input working again?

I tried all the suggestions here to get my a2dp-mode with my bluetooth headphones to work in Ubuntu 13.10. After installation of Ubuntu 13.10 with kernel 3.12.rc4, the headphones were shown in sound-settings after pairing them and applying the command pulseaudio -k, which kills the pulseaudio-service. However, I still could not choose them and the sound kept playing over the internal speakers of the laptop.

This worked for me:

1) open configuration file

gksudo gedit /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf

and add under [General]:

  Disable=Socket

I also uncommented the line (removing the #) that reads:

  AutoConnect=true

2) reinstall pulseaudio and bluez, do NOT omit to install pulseaudio-module-bluetooth

sudo apt-get install --reinstall pulseaudio pulseaudio-utils pulseaudio-module-bluetooth
sudo apt-get install --reinstall bluez bluez-alsa bluez-audio bluez-gstreamer bluez-hcidump bluez-tools bluez-utils

Once I had done so, I restarted and connected by headphones using the bluetooth-settings, which worked fine. Still I did not see the headphones listed in sound-settings* in Unity. However, once I opened **pulseaudio-volume-control and selected the configuration-tab, I saw the headphones, but the associated profile was set to off. I changed that to A2DP and the headphones were listed in sound-settings. Since I done that, the headphones are shown in sound-settings immediately after connecting.

NOTE: I had the bazaar fork installed as described above, but removing it once the headphones connected did work.


You may want to review these instructions from GNOME Do's website on what you can do with it.


An installation of owncloud requires 12.04 server but mine is not stated as"server"

Owncloud can be run on a server or desktop installation. Ubuntu Server and Ubuntu Desktop can both be configured to do the same things.

Depending on how you're planning on installing Owncloud, you shouldn't need to install anything extra. The installer should take care of installing dependencies.


Try the troubleshooting options in this doc and see if you can get anywhere with it.  Then post if you have any issues.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SynapticsTouchpad


Is it possible to reduce the graphical load on a computer's memory via the Ubuntu command line interface if the bios provides no option to do so?

You can install and use a lightweight desktop environment such as LXDE or XFCE. Also, find out which services are running by either going to System Monitor or open terminal and type htop to find list of running processes


Why are there 2 Firefox icons in the launcher, and other issues

Had similar situation with chrome, where after installation of chrome web apps (gmail, gdocs etc), launcher would show a second chrome icon and when using the second icon chrome would not show using ALT+TAB. Although if starting chrome by original icon it would show cycling through applications using ALT+TAB

However my fix was unlock all chrome icons from launcher then start chrome and lock new icon to launcher. Duplicate icon did not show up again

Try it with FF, it may solve your duplicate icon too.


SSH disconnect from VirtualBox because of too many connections

I am right sure it's because Windows limits the concurrent "half-open" connections. That means, after starting this script, your windows box has 1 open ssh connection and another 15 half open to the host which doesn't exist.
Linux doesn't have this limitation, but seems to brake down because of so many connections.

You can try to disable the limit of windows to proof my theory: Tool not tested!


%p expects a void *, so casting to void * will do the trick.

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
    int number;

    printf("%p", (void *)&number);
}


How can I prevent Firefox from updating to a newer version

You can do that with apt-mark. Open a terminal and use:

sudo apt-mark hold firefox

to pin firefox to the current installed version. Be aware of that you wont receive any updates for that package as long it is on hold this includes as well security updates which you will not get.

If you ever decide to want updates again simply use:

sudo apt-mark unhold firefox

If you want to check if you have hold back packages you can use:

sudo apt-mark showhold

For further information see man apt-mark.8


Clean Install of Ubuntu 14.04 Lts on Windows 10 Laptop. BIOS Settings?

First you're conflating two things:

Boot mode (BIOS/CSM/legacy vs. EFI/UEFI) -- The vast majority of modern computers ship with EFI firmware, which boots natively in EFI mode. That firmware usually (but not always) provides a Compatibility Support Module (CSM), which enables the computer to boot BIOS-mode boot loaders. Using CSM is sometimes referred to as "legacy mode." (I assume that's what you meant by "legend.")
Secure Boot -- This feature is one optional part of UEFI. Thus, it cannot be used with a BIOS-mode boot; but as it's optional, it does not need to be used in an EFI-mode boot, either. At least, not always -- a manufacturer could theoretically link the two so that EFI-mode booting requires use of Secure Boot. I've seen reports of machines that do this, but I'm skeptical -- firmware user interfaces are so complex, and often so poorly designed, that it's easy to get confused and misunderstand what feature are and are not linked together. In any event, even if some machines link them, most don't -- you can boot in EFI mode with or without Secure Boot enabled.

For a single-OS installation, it doesn't make much difference whether you boot in BIOS mode or in EFI mode. BIOS mode is likely to be more familiar to you if you've installed OSes in the past; but because the CSM is an add-on to modern firmware, performing a BIOS-mode installation actually complicates the boot path. An EFI-mode installation is likely to boot slightly more quickly than a BIOS-mode installation, but this difference will not be huge. There are more boot loader options for EFI-mode than for BIOS-mode, but Ubuntu uses GRUB by default for both boot modes.

If you go with an EFI-mode installation, you have the choice of using Secure Boot vs. not using it. In theory, there are advantages to Secure Boot, since it can block pre-boot malware from getting a grip on your computer. In practice, I have yet to hear of any widespread attacks that might be stopped by Secure Boot -- but such an attack might become common tomorrow. OTOH, Ubuntu's Secure Boot support adds complexity to the boot process and doesn't work on all computers -- a few just don't work with Ubuntu's tool (called "Shim"). Overall, if you go with an EFI-mode boot, I recommend you leave Secure Boot disabled unless you can't get your boot process to begin, in which case you might disable this feature. Note that if you get as far as an Ubuntu logo, you've passed the Secure Boot hurdle.

If you were to dual-boot, the first rule is to ensure that both OSes boot in the same mode. Since almost all computers that ship with Windows 8 and later boot Windows in EFI mode, that normally means installing Ubuntu in EFI mode. If you think you might re-install Windows in the future, you might be constrained to an EFI-mode boot, depending on how you install Windows. (Media provided by your computer's manufacturer might support only EFI-mode installations, but Microsoft's standard media support both boot modes.)


Applications do not focus as expected or at all but only the mouse input focus is wrong

I've constantly been experiencing this as well for the last year (18.04LTS). At first, I thought it's related to Wayland, but it also happens on Xorg. GTK3 Apps are fine, but Qt, Tk, and Wx (not sure about Gtk2) ones will have the issue. The apps also have issues that the modal dialogs (popup windows inside the app) are not clickable.

My workaround is to release the mouse input focus on the app currently holding it by opening and closing a context menu (right-click context menu or the top menu).

I'm not sure if it could be related to the multi-screen setup (one 4k high dpi at 125%, one full HD at 100% and the high dpi laptop screen turned off), or high dpi in general since it also happens when only the laptop screen is used.


Aliases execution by script fails while manual alias execution succeeds without problem

If you are running shell script "b" from shell script "a" all aliases and variables set in script "b" is only good for that shell environment, they do not get passed back to shell script "a".


Shockwave player was never released for Linux (only for Windows, OSX & Mac OS 9) only Flash was.


How to boot always manaually from grub> minimal-bash

Delete your grub.cfg and prevent it from being auto generated again:

sudo rm /boot/grub/grub.cfg
sudo chmod a-x /etc/grub.d/*


How do I force folder view sort order to not ignore special characters?

Nautilus follows your locale's collation rules when sorting files by name.  The rules for the English locales specify that punctuation, case and accents are less important than what letters occur in the string.

If you want collation to be equivalent to strcmp() sort order (i.e. do a simple comparison of the code point values for the characters in the string), you can switch to the legacy C locale for collation.

This can be done by editing ~/.profile and adding (or modifying) a line like the following:

export LC_COLLATE=C

When you next log in, the change should take effect in all programs that were using the locale collation order.


x11vnc auto-start not working after Upgrading to 16.04

There's a bug(?) in how sddm is doing the authority. You need to replace

-auth /var/run/sddm/:0

with

-auth /var/run/sddm/* -display :0.


LDAP not working properly with LAM and lamdaemon

What role does LAM play in the user logging in? Isn't it just a frontend to creating/deleting users and so on?

Are you using NFSv3 or NFSv4? If the latter, are you using Kerberos?

Look at UID/GID mappings (idmapd). Both nfsd and slapd need to agree what UID/GID to map to users.


Which puppetlabs release package to choose?

Use the PC1 package, i.e. puppetlabs-release-pc1-trusty.deb.

The puppetlabs-release-trusty.deb package is for the Puppet 3 repositories. Puppet 3 goes end-of-life (EOL) at the end of 2016, so shouldn't be installed on new systems. It doesn't contain packages for Ubuntu 16.04 either.

The Puppet Collection 1 (PC1) repositories were created to provide Puppet 4 and the "all-in-one" (AIO) packages, which self-contain all of the dependencies required to run Puppet. You should be using this repository and installing puppet-agent for agents and puppetserver for the master.

More info:

Installing release packages on Apt-based systems, recommends PC1
About Puppet Collections and packages


Local addresses not resolved when TP-Link router used

Ubuntu systems must have the packages winbind and libnss-winbind and a modification to /etc/nsswitch.conf. The hosts line in /etc/nsswitch.conf needs wins between files and mdns4,it should read:
hosts:          files wins mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns
A 2WIRE model/router might be assigning local addresses in a different range (192.168.1.nnn) while the TP-LINK router may be assigning addresses in the range (192.168.0.nnn).  Check firewall settings on all the systems of the LAN.
The Ubuntu packages winbind and libnss-winbind are needed for conections associated with Windows systems.
Ubuntu systems on the LAN never were able to resolve local addresses of any other systems so, the local addresses are now hard coded in the /etc/hosts file on each Ubuntu system.  The Windows systems are able to resolve local names - this difference I do not have an explaination for.


Find all programs associated with a MIME type

Here's a short Python program for that:
#!/usr/bin/env python3

from gi.repository import Gio
import sys

if len(sys.argv) != 2:
    print('Error: Exactly one command line argument needed')
    sys.exit(1)

for app in Gio.app_info_get_all_for_type(sys.argv[1]):
    print(app.get_id())

Save that in a file, e.g. /usr/local/bin/mimeapps. Then you can use it like
$ mimeapps text/plain
emacs.desktop
libreoffice-writer.desktop
pluma.desktop
vim.desktop


stop crypttab asking for password for swap

Had the same question,  here is how i did it on ubuntu 12.04.1 and 12.10,

--before starting make sure you have a backup and can also boot your system with ubuntu cd or usb; as if you make a mistake, your system may not boot anymore or you may loss data. i assume you have an encrypted ubuntu system with LUKS, inside LUKS you have 3 partitions, SYSTEM-BOOT (not encrypted), SYSTEM-SWAP (encrypted) and SYSTEM-OS (encrypted)--

u need to adjust UUIDs, SYSTEM-SWAP_crypt, SYSTEM-OS_crypt, SYSTEM-SWAP, SYSTEM-OS to the variation used on your system, pls see reference link below my solution for more info

Get UUIDs:

blkid

Prepare >

swapoff /dev/mapper/SYSTEM-SWAP_crypt
cryptsetup luksClose SYSTEM-SWAP_crypt

Tell cryptsetup to compute the passphrase of the swap partition from the decryption key of the volume holding the root filesystem >

/lib/cryptsetup/scripts/decrypt_derived SYSTEM-OS_crypt | cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/mapper/SYSTEM-SWAP --key-file -
/lib/cryptsetup/scripts/decrypt_derived SYSTEM-OS_crypt | cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/mapper/SYSTEM-SWAP SYSTEM-SWAP_crypt --key-file -
mkswap /dev/mapper/SYSTEM-SWAP_crypt

tell the system about swap partition, edit crypttab>

nano /etc/crypttab

=?  make sure two lines match

SYSTEM-OS_crypt UUID=uuid-of-luks-containing-osroot none luks
SYSTEM-SWAP_crypt UUID=uuid-of-luks-containing-swap SYSTEM-OS_crypt luks,keyscript=/lib/cryptsetup/scripts/decrypt_derived

tell the system about swap partition, edit fstab>

nano /etc/fstab

=?  make sure u have this line

/dev/mapper/SYSTEM-SWAP_crypt swap swap sw 0 0

tell the system about swap partition, edit resume>

nano /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume

=?  make sure u have this line

RESUME=UUID=uuid-of-encrypted-swap-SYSTEM-SWAP_crypt

update initramfs on boot partition >

update-initramfs -u -k all

Reference

The answer inspired by Setting up an encrypted Debian system (archived link):

  If you are using an encrypted Debian system, you likely have some
  security requirements to meet. If that's the case, you must also use
  an encrypted swap partition.

  The swap partition can be encrypted in two ways:

  it can be recreated on every boot, using a random passphrase, or
  it can be created like the other encrypted volumes with a persistent passphrase

  If you want to use suspend-to-disk, you cannot use the first approach
  as it would overwrite your memory footprint stored in the swap
  partition. Furthermore, you cannot use a key file like the other
  partitions, since the root filesystem is not (and must not) be mounted
  by the time the resume process starts and needs to read the decrypted
  swap partition.

  The way I solved this is by telling cryptsetup to compute the
  passphrase of the swap partition from the decryption key of the volume
  holding the root filesystem; the cryptsetup package implements this
  with /lib/cryptsetup/scripts/decrypt_derived. Thus, to set up the swap
  partition, I do the following, assuming hda2 is the partition holding
  the encrypted swap and the root filesystem is in hda5_crypt:

swapoff /dev/mapper/hda2_crypt
cryptsetup luksClose hda2_crypt
dd if=/dev/urandom of=/dev/hda2
/lib/cryptsetup/scripts/decrypt_derived hda5_crypt \
  | cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/hda2 --key-file -
/lib/cryptsetup/scripts/decrypt_derived hda5_crypt \
  | cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/hda2 hda2_crypt --key-file -
mkswap /dev/mapper/hda2_crypt

  To tell the system about this swap partition, we need to add it to
  /etc/crypttab and /etc/fstab; make sure, those files contain lines
  like the following:

/etc/crypttab:
  hda2_crypt /dev/hda2 hda5_crypt luks,keyscript=/lib/cryptsetup/scripts/decrypt_derived

/etc/fstab:
  /dev/mapper/hda2_crypt swap swap sw 0 0

  With this in place, as soon as you configure the system for
  suspend-to-disk, the swap partition will be automatically set up
  alongside the root filesystem very early during the boot sequence. To
  figure out which swap partition to make available at that point,
  cryptsetup checks the following:
  asfasfafs
  - a line like RESUME=/dev/mapper/hda2_crypt in /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume
  - a resume device setting in /etc/uswsusp.conf (see uswsusp.conf(5))
  - an entry in /etc/suspend.conf
  - a resume=/dev/mapper/hda2_crypt in the kernel command line

  You can inspect /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/cryptroot if you want
  to know more about this.


Will 64-bit version of Java JDK work on 64-bit machine running 32-bit version of Ubuntu?

You need a 64-bit version of Ubuntu on a 64-bit compatible computer, then you can install all 64-bit software and 32-bit software. On a 32-bit system you can only install 32-bit software.

You need to install a 64-bit version of Ubuntu to be able to install 64-bit applications.

The reason for this is that the hardware needs to be able to handle 64-bit long instructions and the operating system needs to know this. A 32-bit system doesn't know this and can't therefor handle the extra 32-bit instructions on a 64-bit instruction. That's why you need to install a 64-bit operating system.

Also all 32-bit systems that are supported are with PAE kernels which means they can handle up to 64GB of RAM, and not the usual 4 GB maximum.

Have you got anymore questions feel free to comment. :)


Chromium will not start - libffmpeg problem

First check if you have ffmpeg installed in your system, by typing which ffmpeg. If it's there but it's not recognized, it means it's broken and you're gonna have to reinstall it. Try apt-get --reinstall install ffmpeg.
That, assuming you didn't compile it yourself, in that case you're gonna have to download a fresh copy of ffmpeg from here http://ffmpeg.org/releases/ffmpeg-2.8.3.tar.bz2, and recompile.


In Windows XP, go to Start...Run and type diskmgmt.msc. That will open up Disk Management and give you a graphical view of where Drive H lies on your disk.

Now start the Ubuntu LiveCD/USB l, and run gparted. You will get a view that is similar to what you got in Disk Management. Find the part where drive H was, and note its /dev/sdx label. That's the one you want!


Looking around to get closer to the root cause

The problem seems to be the script running at shutdown.

I identified the corresponding file with:

find /etc/systemd -name *unattended*

which gaves me the related systemd script:

/etc/systemd/system/shutdown.target.wants/unattended-upgrades.service

which then told me the script executed on shutdown:

/usr/share/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrade-shutdown

Investigating deeper to find the root cause

within this script there is a section in line 120 related to the section in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades -> Unattended-Upgrade::InstallOnShutdown

Line 120 of /usr/share/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrade-shutdown:

if apt_pkg.config.find_b("Unattended-Upgrade::InstallOnShutdown", False):

The problem: it expects the keyword "False" while in the apt conf we should add "false" (exact string comparison)!

Solution

I was able to fix/workaround the stalling shutdown in 3 different ways:

Workaround A

write "False" instead of "false" in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades

This setting is upgrade safe until a real fix is provided because the file we change here gets not overwritten by an update of unattended-upgrades.
Problem: When the root cause gets fixed this will result in a stalling shutdown again so I suggest to combine this with Workaround B.

OR: Workaround B

decrease the wait time in /etc/systemd/system/shutdown.target.wants/unattended-upgrades.service from default to 15 seconds:

vim /etc/systemd/system/shutdown.target.wants/unattended-upgrades.service

[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/usr/share/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrade-shutdown
TimeoutStartSec=15

This setting is NOT upgrade safe because the file we change here may get  overwritten by an update of unattended-upgrades. Besides this it is really far away from fixing something but it will ensure that your system will not wait several minutes when shutting down. Keep in mind that after an upgrade of unattended-upgrades you may have to set this again!

OR: Fix C (have to be reported upstream)

fix /usr/share/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrades-shutdown to expect "false" instead of "False"

patching /usr/share/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrade-shutdown:

--- /tmp/unattended-upgrade-shutdown    2017-02-03 14:53:03.238103238 +0100
+++ /tmp/unattended-upgrade-shutdown_fix    2017-02-03 14:53:17.685589001 +0100
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
     # run it
     p = None
     apt_pkg.init_config()
-    if apt_pkg.config.find_b("Unattended-Upgrade::InstallOnShutdown", False):
+    if apt_pkg.config.find_b("Unattended-Upgrade::InstallOnShutdown", false):
         env = copy.copy(os.environ)
         env["UNATTENDED_UPGRADES_FORCE_INSTALL_ON_SHUTDOWN"] = "1"
         logging.debug("starting unattended-upgrades in shutdown mode")

Conclusion

tbh only the last one is a real fix. the both other options are just workarounds until the real fix would be implemented.

This has to be done upstream and as this affects both Debian (tested on Debian Stretch) and Ubuntu (tested on Ubuntu 16.04.1) for both distributions.

I have opened a bug report here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unattended-upgrades/+bug/1661611


Which command is executed when selecting an entry in Unity dock?

The icons you see in the dash are defined in .desktop files. They live in two locations:

For system wide ones: /usr/share/applications/

For user specific ones: /home/user/.local/share/applications/ (These override the system ones.)

You can use an application called 'Alacarte' to edit them via a GUI or just find them in Nautilus, right click, and click 'Properties'. You can also edit them manually using Gedit.


TJ- on IRC made me realise I had put a nomodeset in /etc/default/grub. I removed that and did a sudo update-grub, voila!


How to make Windows 7 default in grub menu?

If you edit /etc/default/grub and edit two entries, it'll remember the last OS you selected to boot as the default choice for next time.

In terminal...

gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

edit in these, near the top of the file...

GRUB_DEFAULT=saved     # change this line
GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT=true  # add this line

the first one is already there, but needs an edit. The second one you'll need to add. Then, still in terminal...

sudo update-grub


Since you posted the speedtest.net images and the host server is the same, I will rule out factors at the speedtest.net side.

This leaves me with a few ideas as to why this is happening.

Firstly, on the ISP side:

It is not unusual to see extra few megabits over your assigned Internet plan, especially if your contract is a business contract or your ISP is a high quality and reputable one. That is being said, only a few megabits of extra speed are common here.
Some ISPs on the other hand apply a short speed burst for a few seconds at the beginning of each connection. This can report false speeds since speedtest.net tests only last for a few seconds.
Some other ISPs have variable speeds limits for different hosts or websites for example the ISP's hosts and website may download at higher speeds.

Short answer here: This applies exactly the same to connected machines at your side, regardless of their operating systems.

Secondly, on your side:

Windows operating system has power management by default set to optimized performance which tries to balance power consumption with performance and this may affect different aspects of your hardware and software which results sometimes in reduced connection speeds. To test if this is the cause of the difference in speed you see, you could try setting Windows power management to high performance and test again.
Windows operating system has built in firewall and antivirus enabled by default. They curry on checks in the back-ground which ,depending on the settings, may significantly interfere with and slow down file transfers of any kind. To test if this is affecting your download speed, ( although not recommended ) you could try disabling the firewall and antivirus and test again.

Suggestions for more accurate measuring mechanisms:

Try the speedtest-cli command line tool on Ubuntu to rule out browser-side factors:

Install it by running sudo apt install speedtest-cli in the terminal.
Use it by running speedtest-cli in the terminal.

For windows you can try the app from speedtest.net.

Download a large file from a fast server and time the download. To calculate your speed in Mbit/sec divide the file size in MB by the time in seconds then multiply by eight (size in MB ÷ time in seconds) × 8.

Bottom line:

Your internet speed is determined by your ISP NOT by your operating system. It is not possible to get higher speeds than the one assigned to you by your ISP by any means known until now.


How to install Citrix receiver xubuntu 13.04 64-bit

Step 1.  Open a terminal and enter:  sudo apt-get install libmotif4 nspluginwrapper

Step 2.  Download and install the receiver. See the following video to understand what to download and what to expect when installing the receiver:  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JZVxNH76kj0
(Link to the official Citrix Receiver 12.1 .deb:  https://www.citrix.com/downloads/citrix-receiver/receivers-by-platform/receiver-for-linux-121.html)

Step 3.  When complete copy the certificates to the proper directory:
sudo cp /usr/share/ca-certificates/mozilla/* /opt/Citrix/ICAClient/keystore/cacerts

Step 4.  When accessing the Citrix environment tell the browser to open launch.ica (or launch.jsp) by using the following as the default app:  /opt/Citrix/ICAClient/wfica.sh

Good luck!


try updating the system by:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

and also check the updates for the browsers you are currently using...


There are many download options listed in the main download page: http://ubuntu.com/download, which include Alternative downloads.

The top two lines of the Main Download page has menu items of important links about Ubuntu and the available download options.

For the LTS versions, from the main download link Ubuntu LTS Download (the link you are most likely referring to in your question), look for the see our alternative downloads. link.  You'll find it under the Download icon on the page.

The other supported versions, including 16.04 will always have their direct download link listed.

Note: Alternative Downloads, Ubuntu flavours and other download choices are also linked in the Link menu just below Main menu string that referrs to ohter important links about Ubuntu.


I would say before you migrate to another version check why it is giving you bad perfomance. Is it your machine is too old? is there a long list of services/applications running on background? Once you establish that it will be easy to take a route. Here is my suggestion based on assumptions:

If it happens that your machine is old and cannot handle Unity 3D well then try 2D version or switch to classic gnome (I suggest 10.10).
If background programs/services are culprit think of disabling it and run them on demand

I would wait until you put computer specs and services running so that I can give even more solid answer!


Does the Linux OS run on one core in multi-core system?

Constituent parts of Linux kernel are split out into one or multiple threads (view ps aux and look for the processes in square brackets). These threads are scheduled over all available processors and cores.

How Linux-based applications work is really down to how they're written, as is the case on any operating system.


How to fix "error: cannot find symbol import io.vertx.core.json" Vertx

import io.vertx.core.json;

is not a module you can import.

import io.vertx.core.json.JsonObject;

is.


Linux is not like windows.  Most programs are installed in different directories under / known as root.  It would be hard to separate out these files.  When installing Linux on any computer I have one which is / and  one small partition as swap.  The other partition I make /home.  you can read more about partitioning here Linux Tips
Disk Partitioning

When your installing you can use the gparted program to partition your drive the way you like.  You can do what I described or you can use the suggestion in the linux tips on Disk partitioning.  I would recommend watching what drive grub will be on it should be on the root drive.  I made the mistake of not watching and put it on the other drive and couldn't boot.  I could have fixed it I just reinstalled.

The nice thing about have /home on another partition is you can installed something like kubuntu and keep /home.  All your files will still be there.


Why are media mounted under /media// & how do I grab the  part?

Probably you can use the $USER variable? If you're new in scripting have a look at some basic guides like this

As for the change in path - here is good explanation from other similar question at AskUbuntu.


Stop sign in notification area instead of language icon

This typically happens when you set the option (in gconf) to use "flags" to indicate the current keyboard layout when there are no flag icons installed (there are none by default).


how do i copy my ssh public key to a new user ubuntu 14.04

NOTE: Do not remove anything other then the key from the file noted below at first.

Do not remove root password or root from sudoers until you are sure the new account can access everything through sudo.

Log into the server with your root account. (Guessing this isn't Ubuntu on the server)
Create a new user on the server and make sure they have sudo privileges. The Ubuntu way https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Sudoers, but since root is available on the server I am guessing it is not Ubuntu on there. Ask for further information if not clear on this.

  User privilege specification

  root    ALL=(ALL) ALL
  newUSER ALL=(ALL) ALL

Log out of the server.
ssh into the server again this time into the new account

  ssh newUSER@yourserver

Test sudo with your your new account on the server with something
non risky.

  sudo apt-get update  <<<<- If this lets you run the sudo command without complaining about not being in sudoers file/sudo group you have a working sudo account.

nano or vim or use your favorite terminal editor to remove the keys from this file home/YOURUSERNAME/.ssh/authorized_keys

This file may be located elsewhere on other distributions, so either "find" or "locate" authorized_keys if not in above noted location. Since you are doing this to the file of the root account you will have to use "sudo locate" or "sudo find" for it to search root owned directories.

7.Log out again and copy your key to the new user.
 ssh-copy-id newUSER@yourserver

Login using key and disable root login in /etc/ssh/sshd_config

  PermitRootLogin no

9.requiers See if any application or service breaks because root doesn't have ssh access.
If 9 doesn't break it you can disable root account entirely

  sudo passwd -l root

This will give the account an impossible to use password which makes it unusable until a new password is set. (requires sudo so test and test and test before removing anything.)

Excuse the formatting I'm new here and it's past my bed time.


Installing Ubuntu 14.04 on Dell Optiplex 9020

First, if you intend to dual-boot with an already-installed Windows system, go back into your firmware and disable the BIOS/CSM/legacy option that you enabled. Such a configuration creates the opportunity for problems related to the boot mode. If you intend to single-boot Ubuntu, then the boot mode isn't so important. If you can't get the Ubuntu installer to boot except by enabling BIOS/CSM/legacy support, then chances are you either have a Secure Boot problem (in which case disabling that feature in your firmware may help) or you created your boot medium incorrectly (in which case you should examine the options you used to be sure the program creates an EFI-bootable medium or switch to another program). I cover all of this in more detail in this Web page.

Second, your description of the problem is a little unclear; I'm not sure what you mean by "it skips part of the left side of the screen" -- are you saying the screen is partially blank? You also don't say what you do see, which is at least as important as what you don't see. Posting a screen shot (a digital photo is fine) would be helpful in diagnosing this problem.


Inkscape to PDF Font issue when saving/Exporting to PDF

I've noted the same behavior when bolding an already bold font. Appearance in Inkscape and the SVG is unchanged whether or not bold is on, but the PDF has the appearance of being bolded twice when bold is on. So, the fix is to make sure that bold is turned off for such fonts, even though it doesn't appear to make any difference within Inkscape.

I get the same behavior in 0.48.4 on Linux, as well as 0.48.5 on OS X.


Installing GRUB2 on one bootable USB stick


I have installed libdbd-mysql-perl on ubuntu 14 and I get a crazy Version required

I answered my own question. I have never noticed this behaviour before but it is quite obvious when you see it!

I omitted the semi-colon to end the use DBI line, so it too the next valid looking string as the version requirement!


Nothing will boot after December 10 update (14.10, dual boot)

To access the BIOS/UEFI shell, try the Del key. Just try it once...

Now for your crashed system...
Your system has lost the entry of GRUB from MBR. This must be the case as per your description I'm guessing...So to resolve this you just need to restore your GRUB.

For that goto Howto Fix Grub or How to Reinstall Grub Onto Your MBR or HOWTO: Restore GRUB (if your MBR is messed up) whichever you might find easier.


It looks like a dependency package of mysql-workbench was corrupted and now misses a file. According to packages.ubuntu.com you need to reinstall one package containing libgdkmm-2.4.so.1:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgtkmm-2.4-1v5


How do I get the disk image daily build of the current development version?

As Frxstrem said, daily builds are always found at http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/daily-live/current/. There aren't immediately after release, so you will have to wait for a while until the images get generated.


Google Chrome won't open .URL extension files Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS

See if this works first

This is a known issue with Google Chrome. See:Chrome doesn't recognise .url files properly

The workaround is to use an Extension such as .URL Handler

Once installed you need to go to Chrome Extensions (chrome://extensions/) and turn on Allow access to file URLs toggle.

If it doesn't try this

Paste this in terminal and press enter: ln -s /opt/google/chrome/chrome /usr/bin/chrome
Install thunar file manager: sudo apt-get install thunar

Right-click a .URL file
Select: "Open With"
"Open With Other Application"
Select on "Use a custom command"

Copy the following command to the text-field: bash -c "cat %f | grep URL | cut -d'=' -f2 | xargs chrome &"
Click the default checkbox.

Press open.
You can uninstall thunar file manager: sudo apt-get remove thunar


Encrypted Home Folder and Second Hard Drive

If you're setting up new partitions on the new drive, you'd might as well use encrypted partitions with cryptsetup / LUKS.

eCryptfs and EncFS are for encrypting some folders on a filesystem, LUKS is for encrypting an entire partition. See  archwiki for a good overview of different disk encryption systems.

With the new partition(s) encrypted, then you can use any type of link or just a shortcut to the new encrypted partitions, and any data anywhere on the new partitions will be encrypted. You could even have the new partitions automatically mounted when you login (storing the keys in your encrytped home) or mounted at boot, or on-demand.

Don't worry about mixing linked encrypted files and only relying on eCryptfs to carry the encryption to a different drive (which probably won't be encrypted if you only link the decrypted folders anyway) it just sounds like a data leak waiting to happen.


A bind mount always has type none. If you don't want type none, don't use bind mounts. Using a bind mount doesn't change permissions or ownerships.


Missing Drivers from Macbook Installation (A1706) - First Time User

The following steps helped me add wireless and video drivers to my iMAC early 2009, I'm assuming you are able to connect to the internet using wired connection.
Click on Show Applications > Additional Drivers > In the Additional Drivers tab look for any proprietary drivers to be installed.  Disconnect the wired connection and I would suggest rebooting after installation, you may then scan for wireless access points.
If Additional Drivers is not installed then in Ubuntu Desktop > Settings (upper right corner) > Applications > Additional Drivers > "Open in Software" button > Install


How to add dependency after submitting a proprietary app to USC?

Before packaging your program, they will check thoroughly all the files, readmes, etc. so the end users won't have problems using your program. The README is explicit enough that it need python-wxgtk2.8, also,they most likely will test once it's built.

Ubuntu has strict policies about what packages reach the repositories. It's doubtful that they will miss such big words about the only dependency your software has.


I would've said you should do it like this:

sudo Xnest :1.0 -geometry 800x480 -ac & DISPLAY=:1.0 chromium-browser

This comes without the benefit of a window manager. To get one, you could replace the above 'chromium-browser' with x-window-manager or something similar.

Append an ampersand to the command to get back to the terminal after the command has started to execute. You can then start applications in the nested x server by prefixing them with DISPLAY=:1.0

But: this seems to be broken somehow. There is a Bug report (Status: in progress; Importance: High) related to it, I’ve tested it and, indeed, it reliably crashes when i try to start "x-window-manager" or "gnome-session".

The above command however, without a window manager, runs fine (at least with chromium, please report if it works with firefox 4)


You can use the following script,

#!/bin/bash

zenity --question --text="Are you sure, proceed to shutdown?"
if [ $? = 0 ]; then
    dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest=org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit /org/freedesktop/ConsoleKit/Manager org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit.Manager.Stop

else
    exit
fi

Usage

save the script as shutdown.sh. Give it execution permission as,

chmod +x shutdown.sh

To shutdown use,

./shutdown.sh

You will get the following notice from zenity

keyboard shortcut

you can set custom keyboard shortcut for the script from System settings >> Keyboard >> Shortcuts >> Custom shortcut In the field command use,

/path/to/shutdown.sh

From terminal

Create a folder bin in your home. check if it is in your PATH,

echo $PATH

If you can not see it in your path, make it available in path. You can use following commands in your terminal for this,

cd
mkdir bin
echo -e "\nexport PATH=\$HOME/bin:\$PATH" | tee -a ~/.bashrc
. ~/.bashrc

Put shutdown.sh in bin folder. Then you will be able to access the executable from terminal as,

shutdown.sh


Installation of ubuntu as only os on ASUS X402CA

I tried to install Ubuntu recently as Dual-Boot with preinstalled Win8.1 UEFI. What Microsoft did there is one hell on earth, so this didnt work.If you really want Ubuntu only there should be no problem: just deactivate the options safe boot and fast boot. to disable fast boot you have to go to win8 options, the other option is in the thing that once was the bios. If you have a raid, turn it off until installation finished,once the installation was successful you can turn it on again.


Installed Ubuntu on 12.04 on my MacBook Air now I want to expand the partition

You can use Gparted which comes with the LiveCD. You can use it to shrink, expand the size of the hard-disk or delete/add new hard-disks.

but first back up your files.
then use an Ubuntu Live CD.
and boot from the liveCD.
and then open Gparted.
then do your operations from the Live environment.

I myself have done resizing many times and have never ever come across any data loss.
Well, if you are a pessimist or tend to get a bit panicky at times, i would suggest a back-up of the most important data.

here is a great tutorial on how to use Gparted. If you need any help check it out.

http://www.dedoimedo.com/computers/gparted.html

May be helpful:
How can I expand a partition into non adjacent free space using GParted?


Getting updates on Android Studio on Linux Ubuntu 14.04

You have Android Studio installed in your Download folder? Interesting... o_O

For your learning curve, correct the permissions:

sudo chown -R "$USER":"$USER" ~/Downloads
sudo chmod -R u+w ~/Downloads

After that, delete your installation :P and use this answer to install again.


Ubuntu: i can't kill some processes and Apache doesn't restart

You need to manually find the pidis of the crashed apache process

pidof apache2

Then kill the process(es) one at a time

sudo kill -9 <pid>

Then you can start Apache2 as usually :

sudo service apache2 start


Lubuntu 17.04 upgrade to 17.10 -> Canon MF6530 can't print

I installed 16.04. Then use synaptics (not apt-get) to install cups.

After that, the printer can print first two pages of a document but not the next two pages. It says sending data to printer.

restarting cups services clears the "sending..." message. But it still doesn't print.


It's telling you to make sure config.mk has the settings you want. It looks like config.mk has the install path, as well as a few other options that more advanced users may want to tweak.

As CelticWarrior pointed out, you can install dmenu without having to worry about source code with sudo apt install dmenu or sudo apt install suckless-tools.


Problem with setting wallpaper using gsettings

You mentioned

The download is perfectly fine. As I have mentioned, I can set the photo as wallpaper by right clicking the photo and chosing 'set as wallpaper' from the menu.

As you can manually set the wallpaper the problem may be on the cache, which is generated before the downloader completely write the data on the file. So regenerating the cache in this kind of case is necessary.
So delete wallpaper cache rm /home/$USER/.cache/wallpaper/* .
Add this code to end of the script after some sleep.
Let's do a test

Find and open the image cache of current wallpaper from /home/$USER/.cache/wallpaper/
Edit the image ( such as rotate clockwise. You can do it with the default imageg viwer (GNOME image viewer) using Ctrl+R (Or from edit -> rotate))
Logout and login ubuntu (or restart)

That's it now you can see the changes on the desktop wallpaper (If you rotated the image, then the wallpaper will also get rotated)


Is Uncomplicated FireWall (ufw) a service?

ufw is an uncomplicated configuration tool for firewalls.  It is designed to be usable by people who have no experience with firewalls or want an uncomplicated way to modify the underlying iptables and netfilter rulesets.

For example:

ufw allow all port 22 traffic (UDP and TCP):

ufw allow 22

iptables allow port 22 traffic (UDP and TCP):

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p udp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

Comparatively, ufw permits users to modify the basic firewall needs with limited knowledge of iptables or such.

It in and of itself only modifies iptables / netfilter rules when 'enabled'.  It does not run as its own process, in that sense, because the rules it applies are updated on the fly; I am fairly certain it doesn't continue to 'run'.

The only way I would consider ufw to be a service is in that, at boot time, it may be able to restore whatever rules are defined in it.  However, iptables-persistent does the same thing, and is not really a service, therefore I do not consider ufw a service, as such, as to determine if ufw (that is, the actual firewall rules) are being enforced is with ufw status.

As per the Community Help Documentation on ufw, it says nothing about ufw being a service, which seems to support this.

And through testing, I have confirmed that ufw is just a less complicated way to 'configure' firewall rules - the real magic of ufw is that it sets up iptables / netfilter rules which you can then see with iptables -L when ufw is enabled.


You can install the mainline kernel from the ppa

http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/

Or you can compile it yourself

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Kernel/Compile

The problem you are going to have with those options is twofold

Neither the mainline kernel or compiling a newer kernel are going to have the standard set of patches Ubuntu applies, most notable is Apparmor.
Any packages that depend on the kernel, Virtualbox, nvidia, wireless, etc, might not work.

You would need to debug those things yourself or wait for the Kernel team to release an updated kernel. Support for the mainline kernel or custom kernel is limited, more so for third party packages such as virtualbox , nvidia drivers, etc.

I am not trying to either encourage or discourage you, just pointing you in the right direction. I have been using a custom kernel on gentoo for almost 2 years now, but doing so requires a moderate amount of effort on my part.

From the kernel team FAQ

  The mainline kernels builds are produced for debugging purposes and therefore come with no support. Use them at your own risk.

Your other option is to build a custom kernel. This is also poorly supported and requires some advanced knowledge

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Kernel/Compile

  Building and using a custom kernel will make it very difficult to get support for your system.
  While it is a learning experience to compile your own kernel, you will not be allowed to file bugs on the custom-built kernel (if you do, they will be Rejected without further explanation).

Your best option may be to install 12.04. Be warned it is in beta at the moment, you might want to wait for the release.

You may be better off filing a bug report

How do I report a bug?


Quickly application with ListStore as preference

Disclaimer: I didn't know anything about quickly until I read your post, or about gui programming in general for that matter. Therefore I honestly have no business attempting to answer this question :)

That said, quickly is a neat project. I scanned the boilerplate source briefly and identified the following potential approaches for adding a ListStore backed list-style preference:

'Monkey-patch' get and set widget_methods onto a stock TreeView
widget (w/ ListStore model) as defined in data/ui/Preferences$PROJECTNAME$Dialog.ui with glade.
Implement set_widget_from_preference and set_preference in the
project's subclass of PreferencesDialog (the subclass is Preferences$PROJECTNAME$Dialog), and do something different when key or widget is your ListStore backed TreeView widget.
Write a custom subclass of gtk.TreeView with a matching custom widget for glade.

To test them out, I implemented all three of these ideas -- each worked as intended, and AFAICT, identically. In the end, the third (in particular) seemed the cleanest to me, and closer to conventions used throughout the boilerplate, despite initially expecting the opposite.

Here are the steps I followed for number three ...

Using glade via quickly design (quickly 11.10, btw), and loosely following this tutorial (part 2), add a ScrolledWindow widget to the Preferences$PROJECTNAME$Dialog.ui, drop a TreeView onto it, name the TreeView language_treeview. Create a new ListStore model for the TreeView when prompted, and name it language_liststore, etc ... eventually I ended up with something like this:

Next, add a glade catalog (data/ui/preferences_$PROJECTNAME$_treeview.xml) with the following contents:

<glade-catalog name="preferences_$PROJECTNAME$_treeview" domain="glade-3"
               depends="gtk+" version="1.0">
  <glade-widget-classes>
    <glade-widget-class title="$PROJECTNAME$ Preferences TreeView" name="Preferences$PROJECTNAME$TreeView"
                        generic-name="Preference$PROJECTNAME$TreeView" parent="GtkTreeView"
                        icon-name="widget-gtk-treeview"/>
  </glade-widget-classes>
</glade-catalog>

Then, edit Preferences$PROJECTNAME$Dialog.ui, adding ...

<!-- interface-requires preferences_$PROJECTNAME$_treeview 1.0 -->

... to the top, under the requires tag. And change the class attribute of language_treeview to Preferences$PROJECTNAME$TreeView, in preparation for a later step.

Finally, add the following element to widget_methods list in Preferences$PROJECTNAME$Dialog.py

'language_treeview': ['get_languages', 'set_languages', 'button-release-event']

And at the end of the same file (Preferences$PROJECTNAME$Dialog.py), add

import gtk

ALL_LANGUAGES = [
  'en', 'uk', 'de', 'fr', # ... much longer list
]

class Preferences$PROJECTNAME$TreeView(gtk.TreeView):
    __gtype_name__ = "Preferences$PROJECTNAME$TreeView"

    def __init__(self, *args):
        super(Preferences$PROJECTNAME$TreeView, self).__init__(*args)
        self.get_selection().set_mode(gtk.SELECTION_MULTIPLE)

    # loads the liststore with all languages,
    # selecting/highlighting in the treeview those
    # already retrieved from previously saved preferences
    def set_languages(self, preferred_languages):
        model = self.get_model()
        for row, lang in enumerate(ALL_LANGUAGES):
            model.append([lang])
            if lang in preferred_languages:
                self.get_selection().select_iter(model.get_iter(row))

    # collects only the selected languages in the treeview
    # to save in the preferences database
    def get_languages(self):
        model, rows = self.get_selection().get_selected_rows()
        result = [model.get_value(model.get_iter(row), 0) for row in rows]
        return result

If you're interested in seeing my attempts for one and two, I'm happy to oblige.

Edit: For the casual reader, replace any occurrence of $PROJECTNAME$ with the actual name of your quickly project (as specified in quickly create).

HTH!


'Activate element with one click' setting does not work

You can go to the XFCE launchpad and submit a bug report. However, I think there is a bug report already out there that is the exact error you are mentioning, which you can access here.


Trying to dual boot windows 8 and ubuntu without having to manualy partitioning, but installer can't find windows 8

A lot of people are reporting that the "install alongside" option doesn't work on computers that ship with Windows 8. This is probably a bug in the Ubuntu installer. I'm afraid you'll just have to use the "something else" option to partition manually. There are quite a few tutorials on the Web describing how to do this, such as this one and this one.


My Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS freezes entire system occasionally except for mouse. What to do?

Does this happen always after an specif event, or out of the blue?

Have you tried restarting the window manager lightdm from a tty?

hit Ctrl + Alt + F2
login
type: sudo service lightdm restart

This will close your apps though.


Currently, Ubuntu Mobile OS is being developed, Here is page Describes information that Every Ubuntu Mobile OS application developer needed. Go there and get started to build your Mobile application.


Multiple deployments, one machine, how to expose them all

At this time there is no easy way to do this. There is some container support in Juju but network addressability issues still exist. In the near future you'll be able to deploy multiple charms to a single machine using either LXC or KVM containers.

You could fork the WordPress charm and add WordPress Multi User support. It's on the roadmap for that charm but progress is slow.


Warning on Logon Screen - Ubuntu 16.04 and 14.04

I use Gnome, so if you do you too then follow this:

You can easily use /etc/issue file to display a pre-login message / login warning banner for text based session. You can also force OpenSSH (SSHD) to display a login message or banner.

GDM customization
GDM is a replacement for XDM, the X Display Manager. GDM runs and manages the X servers for both local and remote logins (using XDMCP). You can easily configure GDM to display message. You need to open gdm custom configuration file:

Debian / Ubuntu Linux : Open /etc/gdm/gdm.conf-custom file.

This file is the appropriate place for specifying your customizations to the GDM configuration. If you run gdmsetup, it will automatically edit this file for you and will cause the daemon and any running GDM GUI programs to automatically update with the new configuration. Not all configuration options are supported by gdmsetup, so to modify some values it may be necessary to modify this file directly by hand.

Display a login banner for Gnome / GDM under Linux
Open /etc/gdm/custom.conf file:

# vi /etc/gdm/custom.conf

Find out [greeter] section and append following text:

DefaultWelcome=false
Welcome=Message for local users
RemoteWelcome=Message for remote login users

Save and close the file.

Using GUI tool gdmsetup
gdmsetup is a graphical tool for easily changing the most commonly used options including greeting messages. As I mentioned earlier gdmsetup does not support changing of all onfiguration variables, so it may be necessary to edit the files by hand for some configurations and security issues. Open X terminal and enter the command:

sudo gdmsetup

Select Local tab > Welcome Messages > Custom > Enter your custom message > Click on Close button to save the changes.

Source: https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/howto-unix-linux-change-gnome-login-banner.html


How to customize the font style in notify-send?

The issue might be that the summary string is not parsed, whereas the body string is parsed. The format should be notify-send <OPTIONS summary body>

You will notice in the code below the summary (or title, or subject, one could say) will not be formatted, but the body string will be.

You can pass an empty string for the summary, but the spacing will still be there. Although the title is optional, it's suggested to include it in the event your notifications are used in other applications such as tickers or feeds that do not require or support anything but plain text.

#!/usr/bin/env bash
phrase="Hey sexy, it's `date +'%l:%M %P'`"
/usr/bin/notify-send --icon=clock -t 4000 "Time Now" "$phrase" >/dev/null 2>&1

according to the docs the summary is:

  a single line overview of the notification. For instance, "You have
  mail" or "A friend has come online". It should generally not be longer
  than 40 characters, though this is not a requirement, and server
  implementations should word wrap if necessary. The summary must be
  encoded using UTF-8."

For more info on styling the body text, see http://www.galago-project.org/specs/notification/0.9/x161.html


How to install KVM in Ubuntu virtual machine?

I managed to do it by editing the setting of my Ubuntu virtual machine in VMWare Workstation: I edited the Processor section and enabled the option Virtualize Intel VT-x/EPT or AMD-V/RVI under Virtualization Engine.


How to show Arabic properly in PDF files?

Looking at your comment

  it says "cannot find or create the font 'SimplifiedArabic,Bold'..." any idea how to add that font or something ???

and Googling for Simplified Arabic shows up to you this page on Microsoft website from where you can easily reach (and purchase for 36€) the font family you are missing.

Unfortunately for you, the pdf file your are trying to look does not embed its fonts, so you need to have them properly installed on your system from other sources.

If you have the possibility maybe it can be a good idea to ask to the producer of the pdf to give you a version with embedded fonts.


Cannot play windows WMA lossless files on Rhythmbox

You can get playback of WMA files by:

Adding the medibuntu repository.
Installing the package non-free-codecs.

The easiest way to do this is to open a terminal (Applications->Accessories->Terminal) and then paste (Ctrl+Shift+V) the following:

sudo wget --output-document=/etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu.list http://www.medibuntu.org/sources.list.d/$(lsb_release -cs).list ; sudo apt-get --quiet update ; sudo apt-get --yes --quiet --allow-unauthenticated install medibuntu-keyring ; sudo apt-get --quiet update ; sudo apt-get --force-yes install app-install-data-medibuntu apport-hooks-medibuntu ; sudo apt-get --yes install non-free-codecs


Ubuntu doesn't recognize Android devices anymore

I have problems with my Ubuntu GNOME 14.04 installation recognizing my Nexus 7 at times, too. This is what works for me:

Make sure the cable can transfer information, that it's not just a power cable.
Make sure you have USB debugging enabled.
Unlock your device.
Connect your device to your computer.
Your device should display a pop-up, asking if you want to accept a connection to your computer. (If you had this pop-up before, you might have ticked the "always accept a connection from this device" checkbox.)
Normally, your device should now pop up in your favorite file manager. If it doesn't, check if ADB finds your device. In a terminal, type adb devices (you might need to be root).
If ADB lists your device, go to Settings > Storage and select the options button in the upper right corner:

Select the file sharing option you want:


Grub disappeared after looking at boot options

Boot-Repair may help you.  Information can be found here:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


Rebuild mdadm Raid5 after OS hard drive died

Amazingly enough, your RAID should actually be autodetected by Linux simply by the virtue of being made up of "Linux RAID Autodetect" partitions. So, after you install on the OS drive, after first boot, you should have an MD device here:

cat /proc/mdstat

To manage it, you'll want to make sure you have mdadm installed:

apt-get install mdadm

Just installing mdadm will actually try to auto-detect your arrays so check /proc/mdstat again. If they're still not there, you can assemble by running something like:

mdadm --assemble /dev/md0 /dev/sdXX /dev/sdYY ....

You'll want to save the configuration if you have to do that manually:

/usr/share/mdadm/mkconf

And then update the initramfs for your system:

update-initramfs -u


How can I reset Terminology settings if the terminal is inaccesable?

As a general rule, application-specific settings are kept either in hidden dotfiles/dotdirectories in your $HOME or in subdirectories of $HOME/.config. For example, the config file for conky is ~/.conkyrc while the configuration files for the links2 browser are in ~/.links2/ while those for vlc are in ~/.config/vlc.

So, have a look at the hidden files in your $HOME, look for any whose name contains terminology. You can do this with this command:

echo .terminolog* ./config/terminology*

That should list the config files/dirs of terminology and deleting them (or moving them) should get the program back.

Remember that even if you have removed the default terminal, you can still run xterm or  always drop to a cirtual console with Ctrl + Alt + F2 (get back to your GUI with Ctrl + ALt+ F7, or F8 depending on your system).

Alternatively, you can list the files in the file browser if you enable "show hidden files".


No internet after reboot without restarting networking service

I think that You should be using Netplan to config your network interfaces.
Here in this link You can find easy examples
The first one is of an interface with DHCP client.
netplan.io.
You can start by checking the files located here:

  ls /etc/netplan/

Edit the one you find to look like this (indentation is very important):
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0:
      dhcp4: true

Then:

  sudo netplan try

This will check if your edit is correct and inform You of any mistakes. Then

  sudo netplan apply


Lubuntu 18.04 refuses to not dim the screen

So, the accepted answer from this question actually seemed to help me (Lubuntu enforces screen lock). Basically, all I had to do was move the file like so:

sudo mv /etc/xdg/autostart/light-locker.desktop /etc/xdg/autostart/light-locker.desktop.bak

So that the system wouldn't recognize that file anymore and when I rebooted, that resolved my issue since now it's defaulting to my user settings I believe which are set properly. Apparently, this is a somewhat known issue, it was just manifesting oddly which made it hard for me to tell what exactly was happening.


See the htop faq: http://hisham.hm/htop/index.php?page=faq

The memory meter in htop says a low number, such as 9%, when top shows something like 90%! (Or: the MEM% number is low, but the bar looks almost full. What's going on?)
The number showed by the memory meter is the total memory used by
processes. The additional available memory is used by the Linux kernel
for buffering and disk cache, so in total almost the entire memory is
in use by the kernel. I believe the number displayed by htop is a more
meaningful metric of resources used: the number corresponds to the
green bars; the blue and brown bars correspond to buffers and cache,
respectively (as explained in the Help screen accessible through the
F1 key). Numeric data about these is also available when configuring
the memory meter to display as text (in the Setup screen, F2).


Ubuntu 16.04 halts during shutdown UNLESS I restart systemd prior to shutdown

systemd - Failed unmounting /boot/efi

The closest error I can find to this is from Arch Linux: [SOLVED] Failed unmount temporary directory on shutdown

The solution there is to tell systemd to unmount the temporary directory and see what error messages occur.

To see the current status first use:

$ systemctl status /boot/efi
● boot-efi.mount - /boot/efi
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/fstab; bad; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (mounted) since Sun 2018-12-30 15:01:14 MST; 1 day 3h ago
    Where: /boot/efi
     What: /dev/nvme0n1p2
     Docs: man:fstab(5)
           man:systemd-fstab-generator(8)
  Process: 910 ExecMount=/bin/mount /dev/disk/by-uuid/D656-F2A8 /boot/efi -t vfat -o umask=

Dec 30 15:01:14 alien systemd[1]: Mounting /boot/efi...
Dec 30 15:01:14 alien systemd[1]: Mounted /boot/efi.

Save all your work first and use:

$ systemctl stop /boot/efi

A dialog box will appear requesting your password.

For myself I received no errors and then used:

$ systemctl status /boot/efi
● boot-efi.mount - /boot/efi
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/fstab; bad; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead) since Mon 2018-12-31 18:27:53 MST; 3s ago
    Where: /boot/efi
     What: /dev/disk/by-uuid/D656-F2A8
     Docs: man:fstab(5)
           man:systemd-fstab-generator(8)
  Process: 21384 ExecUnmount=/bin/umount /boot/efi (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 20627 ExecMount=/bin/mount /dev/disk/by-uuid/D656-F2A8 /boot/efi -t vfat -o umas

Dec 30 15:01:14 alien systemd[1]: Mounting /boot/efi...
Dec 30 15:01:14 alien systemd[1]: Mounted /boot/efi.
Dec 31 18:27:53 alien systemd[1]: Unmounting /boot/efi...
Dec 31 18:27:53 alien systemd[1]: Unmounted /boot/efi.

Finally to return system to normal state use:

$ systemctl start /boot/efi

In your case hopefully some error messages will occur when unmounting /boot/efi.


Movie Player has require plugins, claims DVD encrypted

Download and install the .deb according to your architecture

32-Bit

64-Bit


How use cd command to access a directory with space

Your variable xmlfolder is wrong. It should be

xmlfolder=XML\ 5.1\ Final\ Fields

or
="XML 5.1 Final Fields"

You don't need the / in the path - as it's just one folder. You also don't need the "" if you are also using \. Pick one.

since your edit with the ls command, I can see there may be a space at the end of your folder name. I'd suggest you remove the space, either by renaming in nautilus or with the mv command.

If you want to keep the space, your variable name should be this:

xmlfolder=XML\ 5.1\ Final\ Fields\

or

xmlfolder="XML 5.1 Final Fields "

Note that if you use the First option with the \ character, you also need to refer to the variable with "", i.e. "$xmlfolder".

The error suggests that cd is unhappy with the path.

Try changing the cd command from this

cd $xmlpath

to

cd "$xmlpath"

To be perfectly honest, you shouldn't need to cd in a bash script. Just refer to everything with an absolute path.

In summary, your xmlfolder= line should be xmlfolder=XML\ 5.1\ Final\ Fields, and your cd line should be cd "xmlpath".

My pronouns are He / Him


Ubuntu display Chinese Characters - Encoding Issue

Seems like your system doesn't have the locale defined. You should set it to en_GB.UTF-8 or whichever locale you consider appropriate.

Viewing the current locale settings:

locale -a

Setting the locale to en_GB.UTF-8:

sudo locale-gen en_GB.UTF-8
sudo update-locale LANG=en_GB.UTF-8

Editing your locale settings:

If you need to adjust manually any locale setting, you can edit /etc/default/locale with your favorite text editor. This should not be required in your case.


Qtiplot compiling ubuntu 18.04 copiling help

You don't have to compile it, unless you need to install its latest version, because QtiPlot (version 0.9.8.9-17) is available in the default Ubuntu repositories. You can install it by running:

sudo apt install qtiplot


vcxproj files are specific for Microsoft Visual Studio, the project file in that github repository used MS Visual Studio 2015.  One IDE available for Ubuntu is Code::Blocks.  Visit http://www.codeblocks.org

As far as i know there is no tool to convert vcxproj to Makefile.


It remind me something

Are you working on an external drive?
Seems that you've lost connectivity.

You have to stop virtual box and restart the VM. Make out are able to browse this drive from the host when you see this message.

Hope this helps


Hyphenation is implemented in LibreOffice Writer 3.5. Go to Format > Paragraph... > Text Flow to adjust the settings. There are also settings (perhaps defaults) at Tools > Options > Language Settings > Writing Aids, in both the Available Language Modes and Options panels.


Kernel settings for interactive and responsive desktop

Your question is broad and the answer could vary from a short set of tips to a dissertation on the Linux kernel =)

Generally speaking, the default configuration is going to do well. From there you sort of need to start to break it down a bit more and start to get specific, specific to your hardware and what you want to optimize.

You can make some adjustments using sysctl

You will find many blogs / posts on suggested settings, such as

http://www.ubuntugeek.com/performance-tuning-with-system-control-sysctl-in-ubuntu.html

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Sysctl

A google search will turn up additional tips, both for security and performance.

BUT they are often somewhat short on details. For a more in depth understanding of what and why you are making kernel settings you need to start reading the kernel documentation.

http://www.mjmwired.net/kernel/Documentation/sysctl

From there , you start building and benchmarking custom kernels.

You can read the documentation here

http://kernel-seeds.org/

In my experience, the default configuration of your Ubuntu kernel is likely to be sufficient and if you want to improve your performance you are going to need to do a bit of reading and to some extent experimentation with your hardware.

You can also get significant performance boots from using or tuning your video card, hard drive, wireless, etc as outlined in the links below.

Third party, Custom kernels

There are also custom kernels, some for power management, some for performance. The Liquorix kernel is popular

http://liquorix.net/

It is the Zen kernel packaged for Debian (Ubuntu) systems.

http://zen-kernel.org/

The Liquirix / Zen kernel is a patch + some customizations in the kernel configuration.

You can review the configuration here

http://liquorix.net/sources/3.2/

And compare it to your customizations or the Ubuntu kernel here

http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/configs/

See also

How can I improve Ubuntu overall system performance?

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Maximizing_Performance

This information should get you started, and you can read as much or as little as you like. If you have a more specific question ...


Did the new login sound not make it into 12.04?

I managed to change it;

First, record the startup sound you looking for:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yJw178Iunk4

You could convert the video to MP3 (youtube-mp3.org), and edit the sound file.  Export it to an MP3, an place it in /usr/share/gnome/autostart.

Then follow these steps:
http://www.upubuntu.com/2012/03/how-to-play-custom-login-sound-mp3-on.html

This is for 11.10, but on 12.04, that worked for me!  This haven't made the boot time slower or anything like that.

Enjoy ;)


unable to display Wingdings font on my ubuntu 14.04

I do have, same as you little boxes in place where symbols or letters should be,, when viewing with font viewer (ver: 3.8.0 on my xubuntu): here

but I tried to give a fontmatrix a try and voila, it shows all chars from Wingdings,,

So, I would say that it is only issue in programs that we use to view some fonts... I tried also to install fontforge, and it offers the same types but with powerfull editing functionality.. if you'll need. Free, and one of a kind program!

hth, k


Is there an application or a log that tracks apps/processes that were running just before an unexpected shutdown

No, the list of running apps/processes is stored on memory and lost with the shutdown.


Recover after removing nvidia-related packages

Fixed the problem by reinstalling the nvidia drivers:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current
sudo modprobe nvidia-current
sudo lsmod | grep -i nvidia
sudo nvidia-xconfig

Followed the instructions on this website.


Software center cannot install or remove software

This instance of the problem might be caused by a bug; I recommend considering reporting this as a bug in PolicyKit.
However, this problem can occur with or without a bug, for example, as a consequence of manual PolicyKit configuration changes (or deinstallation). Therefore, it merits an answer here.
This is happening because the PolicyKit service is not running. Here's a couple ways to fix this:
Make sure the necessary PolicyKit packages are installed.
Open a Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run:
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install policykit-1 policykit-1-gnome

Then reboot and see if the problem is fixed. (Logging out and back in might fix the problem too.)
Run the Software Center with gksu/gksudo instead of PolicyKit.
If that doesn't work, you can still run the Software Center by working around the problem. PolicyKit is one way an authorized user (typically an administrator) can perform actions as root in a typically configured Ubuntu system, but it is not the only way. sudo is the other.
For graphical programs, running them with sudo directly often will work (as in Thomas's answer). But it is not recommended, primarily because it can cause the non-root user's configuration files to become owned by root.

For graphical programs that don't store configuration files in a user's home directory, this doesn't matter. But most do, and the Software Center is no exception. (It uses ~/.config/software-center, where ~ is your home directory.)

So it's recommended to use a non-graphical frontend instead: gksu/gksudo, or (if you're running Kubuntu) kdesudo.
So, press Alt+F2 and run:
gksu software-center

(This works in all desktop environments, not just Unity, though of course it looks different in others.)
Then you'll be prompted for your password. Enter it, and the Software Center will run as root.
Please note that this is a little different from the way Software Center usually runs. Ordinarily, it runs as a normal user, and uses PolicyKit to perform actions as root just when it is needed. It would be non-trivial to get it to use gksu/gksudo or kdesudo to do that.
But running it as root typically works fine and causes no problems.
Other graphical utilities can be run as root with graphical sudo frontends, too.
The problem itself doesn't appear related specifically to the Software Center--any program that uses PolicyKit will fail. Some, like users-admin, cannot be run successfully as root. But most can. Here's how to do it, for some of the commonly used utilities:

Software Sources — gksu software-properties-gtk
(In Kubuntu: kdesudo software-propertiies-kde)

Software Updater (called Update Manager before 12.10) — gksu update-manager
(If you just want to install updates normally, though, you may be able to do that without becoming root at all, as there is a separate service that allows this.)

System Settings... — gksu gnome-control-center


You should try iperf if you can access to your NAS via shell or bash. That program tests the network speed among two peers.

You can also check the wifi configuration in your router. It is recommended that you use the N standard. In SOHO the wifi comes configured as mixed (b/g/n) wich causes low performance on the wifi connection.

Also, if u have any torrent program, try lowering the number of connections.

Hope it helps.


Virtualizing Windows 7 with qemu-kvm SATA Issues

got the same problem as you (very similar), inspired by this source would be:

sudo kvm -M q35 -m 2G -hda Win7.vhd

and going a little bit offtopic, in my case, it was a real HD that I inserted it in my linux through a SATA-usb converter and that got detected as /dev/sdc, so this worked for me:

sudo kvm -M q35 -m 2G -hda /dev/sdc


Creating your own Custom Live CD - the manual way.

1. Preparations

First you download the Live CD ISO. While it is downloading install some software that is needed for rebuilding: sudo apt-get install squashfs-tools schroot

Squashfs  is a compressed read-only filesystem for Linux.

schroot  allows users to execute commands or interactive shells in different chroots.
Mount the Live CD:

mkdir /tmp/livecd
sudo mount -o loop ~/Downloads/ubuntu-11.04-desktop-i386.iso /tmp/livecd

If you use another ISO or another location for your download please adjust accordingly.
Create a working area and copy contents over to the working area:

mkdir -p ~/livecd/cd
rsync --exclude=/casper/filesystem.squashfs -a /tmp/livecd/ ~/livecd/cd
mkdir ~/livecd/squashfs  ~/livecd/custom
sudo modprobe squashfs
sudo mount -t squashfs -o loop /tmp/livecd/casper/filesystem.squashfs ~/livecd/squashfs/
sudo cp -a ~/livecd/squashfs/* ~/livecd/custom

If you get an error like this while doing modprobe:

sudo modprobe squashfs
WARNING: Deprecated config file /etc/modprobe.conf,
all config files belong into /etc/modprobe.d/

move the modprobe.conf mv /etc/modprobe.conf /etc/modprobe.conf.OLD and try again!
Network access:

sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /etc/hosts ~/livecd/custom/etc/

Create a pseudo filesystem:

sudo chroot ~/livecd/custom /bin/bash -l
mount -t proc none /proc/
mount -t sysfs none /sys/

2. Customizing

You can get a list of all packages with
dpkg-query -W --showformat='${Package}\n' | less
You can remove games with apt-get remove --purge gnome-games
Update your sources withsudoedit /etc/apt/sources.list. Comment out lines you do not want and uncomment the ones you do want, add in PPAs if you want and then you need to update with apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade
Adding packages like thunderbird, Samba, Samba system config and SSH is done the same way as you would normally install from command line. So sudo apt-get install thunderbird samba system-config-samba ssh will add those.
If you've manually downloaded the package from you can install it with sudo dpkg -i {file_name}.deb

You can check Ubuntu Software Center, Synaptic or the packages website for the names if more need to be installed.
You might consider adding (wireless) network utilities.
You will quickly run over 800 Mb; if you do you either remove more packages to get under 800 or you need to use a DVD when burning. Removing libre office will free up you 33+ Mb if you do not need it.

To create an AskUbuntu shortcut on the desktop:

mkdir -p /etc/skel/Desktop && printf '[Desktop Entry]\nVersion=1.0\nName=Ask Ubuntu\nComment=Ask Questions About Ubuntu\nGenericName=Question and Answers\nExec=xdg-open http://askubuntu.com\nTerminal=false\nX-MultipleArgs=false\nType=Application\nIcon=firefox\nCategories=Internet;\n' > /etc/skel/Desktop/askubuntu.desktop && chmod a+x /etc/skel/Desktop/askubuntu.desktop

You can add more of these (skip the mkdir part) by editing the URL to something else.
Courtesy of dv3500ea
Changing settings inside gconf-editor.

You can change any gconf option if you know what the path is of that option and the value you want it to be (and the type of the value of course).

Changing the wallpaper is done with the path I pointed arrows to: /desktop/gnome/background/, it is a string value and it uses picture_filename as an option. The value it currently holds on my desktop is /discworld2/Downloads/fantasticwall_2.jpg. The background itself should be copied into /usr/share/backgrounds/. Make sure to set permissions and owner.

Examples:

To change the wallpaper (change the filename in the 1st command to your own image) to this image and to change the theme to Radiance you can use this information to create commands to set this for your live cd:

gconftool-2 --direct --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults --set -t string /desktop/gnome/background/picture_filename  /discworld2/Downloads/fantasticwall_2.jpg

gconftool-2 --direct --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults --set -t string /desktop/gnome/interface/gtk_theme Radiance

Courtesy of dv3500ea
Enable remote desktop:

gconftool-2 --direct --config-source xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults --set -t bool /desktop/gnome/remote_access/enabled true

Settings for icons, panels etc are all done by adding a command like this.
Alternatively you can edit /etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults/%gconf-tree.xml (or when you are down save this file for future usage). All the configuration settings done through gconftool-2 are stored in this file.

Change the default timezone used by the live cd

dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

Change locale setting to english (of course change it to what you want)

locale-gen en
update-locale LANG=en LANGUAGE=en LC_ALL=en

Configure configuration files.

If you want to have a custom configuration file for a certain package you can do this in several ways.

The difficult (but most logical) way would be to either find the package, change the configuration file and repackage it or to find the source files, figure out where they store their dummy config file and change that and then rebuild the package.

Of course this only works if the default configuration file is included in the source package. Many packages auto-generate their config files in the {packagename}.postinst script so it would make it rather difficult to get this done.

The easiest way would be to create a script and copy your current config to /etc/skel so they get added to your desktop (similar to adding firefox shortcuts as explained above) and after installing click the desktop link to set the config file to the place it needs to be. The script could both do the copying and removal of both the script and config file from your desktop after it succesfully installed. This method can be used to update the Samba configuration (put your current config in /etc/skel/. Put a script in there that has execute permissions and contains a move of said config to /etc/samba/smbd.conf and all you need to do afterwards is execute the script).
This basically always works since it replaces a post-install manual action with a post-install manually activated script. But it also means it is not part of the custom live cd.

3. Cleaning up

apt-get clean
rm -rf /tmp/*
rm -f /etc/hosts /etc/resolv.conf
umount /proc/
umount /sys/
exit

This removes all the temporary files; not what we created. ~/livecd/ is readonly so a normal rm will not remove these files. You need to mount it with write access (or as I did use the new live cd to boot and mount the home and rm it from there.

4. Setting up the ISO

Manifest files.

chmod +w ~/livecd/cd/casper/filesystem.manifest
sudo chroot ~/livecd/custom dpkg-query -W --showformat='${Package} ${Version}\n' > ~/livecd/cd/casper/filesystem.manifest
sudo cp ~/livecd/cd/casper/filesystem.manifest ~/livecd/cd/casper/filesystem.manifest-desktop

Regenerate squashfs file.

sudo mksquashfs ~/livecd/custom ~/livecd/cd/casper/filesystem.squashfs

Update md5 sums.

sudo rm ~/livecd/cd/md5sum.txt
sudo bash -c 'cd ~/livecd/cd && find . -type f -exec md5sum {} +' > md5sum.txt

5. Creating the ISO.

cd ~/livecd/cd
sudo mkisofs -r -V "Ubuntu-Live" -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -cache-inodes -J -l -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o ~/Downloads/ubuntu-11.04-desktop-i386.iso .

6. Unmount & Clean

sudo umount ~/livecd/squashfs/
sudo umount /tmp/livecd
sudo rm -fr ~/livecd/

7. Comments:

Everything was tested with an Ubuntu 11.04 Live CD. Only thing that went wrong was chrooting: I added dchroot to the files you need to install to do this.
Regarding "should create some firefox shortcuts on desktop", "Should change the default theme to radiance" and "Should change the default ubuntu wallpaper". I edited these in after dv3500ea put it into the comments; I did not test this while creating the 11.04 live cd.


Problems with installing xfce and two task bars

The problem was that gnome was not completely uninstalled.

Simply did sudo apt-get purge gnome-panel and the problem was solved :)


How can I run multiple ssh commands and not get brute force blocked?

SSH connection multiplexing or connection sharing might solve your problem.  Take a look at this ssh multiplexing wiki.  It might be able to cut down the number of connections you are making to the server and therefore not trigger the brute force settings.

To answer the second part of the question -- How to do this in a bash script/close other windows.  You can probably simplify the problem using ssh keys and a persistent connection.

Look at persistent connections that will keep the ssh session open for a set amount of time.  Here is a previous answer that covers some of this.
Look at implementing key based logins without a password.  This will allow your scripts to login without a password.  Github has good instructions here.


Am on 14.04 with same DWA131-B1 adapter, used this driver (follow instructions there) and added 8192cu to /etc/modules and

echo "2001 330D" | sudo tee /sys/bus/usb/drivers/rtl8192cu/new_id

to /etc/rc.local (note that this still uses the 'rtl') as per this so far stable and fast without swenc=1


Eclipse juno: Can't install RadRails throws error for a gem I have installed already

I also had the same problem and solved it. You copy package org.eclipse.update.core of version Indigo into the folder plugin of this version. Radrails uses old API of eclipse, but Juno doesn't have it.
This is not a bug, as you can see here at the official eclipse site.


Can I use email to upload files into my Ubuntuone account?

No, as far as I'm aware you can't email files to your Ubuntu One account, however you can upload files from anywhere with an Internet connection and a web browser by going to https://one.ubuntu.com/, logging in, going to Files and then selecting Upload file


I have installed my printer but it prints symbols continuously

I've got it!
Before, I have installed epson-inkjet-printer-201310w_1.0.0-1lsb3.2_i386.deb I didn't realize it was for 32bit PC but my machine was 64bit. So I downloaded epson-inkjet-printer-201310w_1.0.0-1lsb3.2_amd64.deb 64bit driver.

I checked my recent printer driver using aptitude search printer | grep ^i

I removed my recent printer drivers using sudo apt-get purge $package-name in my case sudo apt-get purge epson-inkjet-printer-201310w. See How to completely delete and reinstall printer driver  And on my Settings I removed my printer.

I restarted my machine and reinstalled the driver which I downloaded from here on the epson website epson-inkjet-printer-201310w_1.0.0-1lsb3.2_amd64.deb

I added my printer again from the Settings, went to Additional Printer Settings > double click my printer icon > from Test and Maintenance I clicked on Print Test Page, waited for my printer to configure itself and voila! it worked!


Errors configuring mysql 7 after upgrade to ubuntu 16.04

That error number suggests that you have something in your 'mysql' database (the one it uses for settings) that is incompatible with this version of mysql.

The plugin could not be loaded to handle that bit of data and that is preventing mysql from loading.

I'm guessing its a maria db thing that is not supported in mysql.

One way round this would be to reinstall mariadb and then dump the data to sql text, delete the db's , retry the switch to mysql with no data and then add the data manually afterwards. This should give you better visibility of the errors and show you where its stopping, you can then see the data and decide if and how you want to fix it.


Why doesn't my ubuntu 13.04 connect to wifi?

Run the commands one line at a time, just copy and paste for accuracy, it usually gets this driver to connect better.

You only have one network with a strong enough signal to connect to, and it is barely strong enough, it is myqwest0382 so I hope that is the network you are trying to connect to.

echo "options ath9k nohwcrypt=1" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/ath9k.conf

sudo modprobe -rfv ath9k

sudo modprobe -v ath9k


Firstly, at this stage you may want to use GIMP 2.9 for testing purposes only.  It is a pre-release version.

The reason you're getting this message is most likely that you are using features of the XCF format that aren't compatible with older versions of GIMP, such as higher bit depths.  It is hard to say exactly what feature in particular that is in any given case.

It's possible that once GIMP 2.9 is released the behaviour may change, such as getting better warnings and messages when you are saving something which may be incompatible with older versions.


How to install Windows alongside preinstalled Ubuntu 14.04 UEFI

You can control partitions on Windows Installer, but later you need to restore the GRUB using a live cd.

So create a NTFS partition and install Windows on it.


bit silly perhaps:
thufir@dur:~/Desktop$
thufir@dur:~/Desktop$ zip 'Learning Kali Linux_ Security Testing, Pen - Ric Messier.mobi'
    zip warning: missing end signature--probably not a zip file (did you
    zip warning: remember to use binary mode when you transferred it?)
    zip warning: (if you are trying to read a damaged archive try -F)

zip error: Zip file structure invalid (Learning Kali Linux_ Security Testing, Pen - Ric Messier.mobi)
thufir@dur:~/Desktop$
thufir@dur:~/Desktop$ zip kali.zip 'Learning Kali Linux_ Security Testing, Pen - Ric Messier.mobi'
  adding: Learning Kali Linux_ Security Testing, Pen - Ric Messier.mobi (deflated 28%)
thufir@dur:~/Desktop$


I'm certain Wacom tablets are natively supported. In fact, I have a control panel for them on my stock 12.04 Desktop install.


Media Keys and Multitouch not working with Tk820

I have the same keyboard and the multi-touch gestures had driven me crazy for some time.
Out of the box they were working, then at some point they were gone. I've tried everything, but nothing worked. After some time without any reason they were back and then gone again.

In the end I've found the reason.
If you click and hold the "Fn" key and left click you can enable/disable the multi-touch gestures. It's a common combination that can occur while you are trying to ctrl+click so just remember it and try it again if you find that gestures are gone.


Does Unity 5.0 demonstrate all of the planned changes to Unity for 12.04?

No, feature freeze doesn't happen until February 16th.

Didier is talking about the soft freeze that needed to happen in order to ship Unity 5.0 in Precise.


Every Datagram is wrapped into several TCP/IP layers so your hexdump contains details about headers and after that the actual datagram (payload).

What I can tell about your packet (notable things), from IP Header:

- communication is over IPv4;
- IP header has 20 bytes;
- Length = 57 bytes (IP Header + IP Datagram):
- - IP Header has 20 bytes -> IP Datagram has 37 bytes;
- - IP Datagram = Next Protocol Header + Payload;
- next protocol is 0x11 which means UDP;
- Source IP: 37.203.109.83;
- Destination IP: 178.33.132.102;

From UDP header (UDP header has just 8 bytes):

- source port: 27005
- destination port: 27015
- Length (UDP Header + Payload) 37 bytes;
- - UDP Header = 8 bytes;
- - Payload = 29 bytes;

Payload:

  1570 0200 23e1 0080 2321 1017 2215 303e 5a67 217e
  18ab ed80 5154 e267 23

Regarding your questions

  Where data here (UDP Layout)?

Yes

  How can i use u32 module in iptables to block specific data?

See reference below:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9528385/iptables-how-do-i-block-a-specific-udp-packet


you have problems with your mount command please use this

mount -t ext4 /dev/sdX2 /root

If you have any further questions please do not hesitate to ask me.