How to install ubuntu along with pre-installed window 7 home premium (UEFI) in sony vaio sve14a15fn

After reading the comments it seems to me that there is a disconnect in understanding. Follow the steps below which should result in a clean install.

Create your bootable USB using Rufus
Reboot the pc, and boot the USB drive
Ensure that you have a wired internet connection
Uncheck third party apps and software (as this slows down the install greatly)
Allow time - The install for me in the past has taken almost 2 hours, don't be in a rush. Leave the room and come back later in the day or evening.

The biggest issue is your internet it must be hardwired, especially if you are choosing to install third party apps and software. Also be patient during the install.


How do I ping the Ubuntu host system from a Windows guest in VirtualBox?

The easiest way to get this is to just open up your connection information from the appindicator, like this:

That brings up your local IP address. Note that this isn't your IP address on the Internet, just your local address. You can always go to whatismyip.com for an easy way to see it.

In your screenshot, eth0 is an Ethernet connection, and wlan0 is your wireless connection. To get your IP address in the Windows virtual machine, try typing ipconfig/all at a command prompt (Start/Accessories/Run/type 'CMD', and looking for your default gateway there:

In this example, my guest sees the Ubuntu host as 10.0.2.2

It may be that the VM sees it as a wired connection, even on a laptop with the host using wifi.


How To Disable search in nautilus 3.6 while typing text!

Enter this into the terminal:

gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences enable-interactive-search true

(From this answer)


How to uninstall duplicate PIP in Python3 on Ubuntu 20.04

when you upgraded pip3 it installed the new pip version in /home/YOU/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages and it didnt remove the old pip version because it is stored in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip, the directory /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip you installed the old pip version with apt so it is only apt that can remove the old pip.
in QUESTION 2 the
pip3 --version

is from /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip
which means it was installed by apt, to remove the older pip package you can run (recommended)
sudo apt remove python3-pip

You can still run pip3 because it is another directory named /home/YOU/.local/bin/pip3 that it will replace the /usr/bin/pip3
if you want to remove the new pip version run
pip uninstall pip

in QUESTION 3 I recommend to upgrade pip with this command
python3 -m pip install --user --upgrade pip

UPDATE：
The last command I recommended was only useful if you upgrade the pip in /home/YOU/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages
sorry with the bad english, I am just 12 years old.


I've resolved the issue. The instructions cited below work perfectly. Download VIM editor (available in Software Center) before following the given solution.

  Making ModelSim ALTERA STARTER EDITION vsim 10.1d work on Ubuntu 14.04

  [WARNING: Some people are reporting that following the steps for them does not fix the problem. I am working on trying to find out what the issue is.]

  Trying to get a version of ModelSim running on a very modern version of Linux often presents challenges. Luckily I had lots of helpful information on the internet (major sources linked below) to get it going. This article mostly adapts the work done by the Arch Linux crew.

  Problem number one: The free version of ModelSim Altera Edition is 32 bit only while the normal Linux PC will be 64 bit.

  On Linux this requires us to install the 32 bit versions of the libraries that it depends on. Luckily this is fully supported on a modern Linux like Ubuntu 14.

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install build-essential

sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib g++-multilib \
lib32z1 lib32stdc++6 lib32gcc1 \
expat:i386 fontconfig:i386 libfreetype6:i386 libexpat1:i386 libc6:i386 libgtk-3-0:i386 \
libcanberra0:i386 libpng12-0:i386 libice6:i386 libsm6:i386 libncurses5:i386 zlib1g:i386 \
libx11-6:i386 libxau6:i386 libxdmcp6:i386 libxext6:i386 libxft2:i386 libxrender1:i386 \
libxt6:i386 libxtst6:i386

  Problem number two: If you have the following error when running vsim:

** Fatal: Read failure in vlm process (0,0)
Segmentation fault (core dumped)

  Then you probably need to build a new version of freetype, a font setting library and modify ModelSim to use it. For an unknown reason ModelSim has an issue with modern versions shipping in Arch and Ubuntu 14.04. First download the source code of freetype 2.4.12:

  http://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/freetype/freetype-2.4.12.tar.bz2

  Now install the build dependencies needed for libfreetype6, extract the source (using tar) and configure and build libfreetype:

sudo apt-get build-dep -a i386 libfreetype6

tar -xjvf freetype-2.4.12.tar.bz2
cd freetype-2.4.12
./configure --build=i686-pc-linux-gnu "CFLAGS=-m32" "CXXFLAGS=-m32" "LDFLAGS=-m32"
make -j8

  The finished libraries are now available inside the objs/.libs directory. As they are necessary to run ModelSim we need to copy them into the install directory so they don't get lost and then modify ModelSim's vsim script to use the new libraries instead of the system wide versions. Change directory to the directory where you installed ModelSim, /opt/altera/13.1/modelsim_ase/, on my system. Note you may need to edit the directory paths to match those used on your system.

sudo mkdir lib32
sudo cp ~/Downloads/freetype-2.4.12/objs/.libs/libfreetype.so* ./lib32

  Now we need to edit the vsim launch script to ensure the new freetype libraries are used:

sudo vim bin/vsim

  Search for the following line:

dir=`dirname $arg0`

  and underneath add the following new line:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${dir}/lib32

  Test by running vsim and hopefully you will be greeted by the ModelSim GUI.

  [Tested on fresh install of Ubuntu 14.04]

(Source)


How Do I run laravel framework from apache 2.4

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName app.dev
    ServerAlias www.app.dev

    DocumentRoot /var/www/html/laravel_v1/public"
    <Directory "/var/www/html/laravel_v1/public/">
     <IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
         Options -MultiViews
         RewriteEngine On
         RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
         RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]
     </IfModule>
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

there is mistake in relative path.


How to Recover Deleted Windows Partition with complete Data?

Hopefully it was only a quick format of your drive (deleting the partition location information). You can use simple utilities like testdisk to detect the deleted partitions and restore them.

Assuming your disk drive is located at /dev/sdb, you can check using fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Launch testdisk and follow the ons screen process to recover your partitions.

Simply: When asked to create logs, select[No Log]. Proceed with selecting [Analyse] to scan for the deleted partitions. This should detect the drives in your PC where you will be able to select the correct disk and [Proceed]. Just select [Intel] if you have a MBR disk layout. It will then scan and detect the deleted partitions.
If you are happy with the layout you can then [Write] the partition layout to disk. Otherwise you can perform a [Deeper Search] to detect partitions that may have been deleted.

This guide here follows the process above with screenshots. Additionally you can burn the livecd to a CD or burn the image to a USB stick to get access to the testdisk tool.


HP f010dx fn keys not working ubuntu 16.04

My mistake, the fn keys were indeed working only I had to go to the BOOT settings and disable the Action keys setting. Otherwise, they did work without the fn button pressed.


Look here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/MinimalCD.

Even though the article you read wasn't up-to-date, the link they gave for the MinimalCD is kept up. They currently have 8.04 Hardy Heron through 13.04 Raring Ringtail in there, ready as a Minimal ISOs.

This list includes x32 and x64 architectures along with 32bit and 64bit PowerPC ones. For two versions (8.04 and 10.04, both LTS) it supports stranger ones such as Itanium and Sparc (whatever those are)


This answer comes late but maybe it will help someone else.

I had the same issue after installing and removing pulseaudio-equalizer.
I could control sound (input + output) just fine however after login neither input by keyboard or the settings would work and the sound-interface wouldnt show any devices just like you described.

The issue was it had changed a config file from pulseaudio.

Renaming it and having it regenerated after a reboot fixed the issue for me:

mv ~/.config/pulse ~/.config/old_pulse
reboot

("~" points to your users home directory)

If that didnt fix your issue you may want to change it back to your old config:

rm ~/.config/pulse
mv ~/.config/old_pulse ~/.config/pulse

This is not my solution. I found it on: It's FOSS - https://itsfoss.com/fix-sound-ubuntu-1304-quick-tip/


Ubuntu 18.04 not showing low battery warning

This article details how to use dconf editor to alter the low battery behaviors. You can see if somehow your settings are non-default or not to your liking.

http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2019/07/change-battery-critical-low-action-ubuntu-18-04/


Stuck in login loop after installing Ubuntu 18.04

Press Ctrl+Alt+F3 and login into the shell.
when the terminal is opened install nvideia driver using the cmd sudo apt install nvidia-384 the above steps worked for me when i have the same issue

or you can check the following link if above doesnt work for you
login screen on loop


I never really got a solution for this problem, but I found a work-around.

The work-around was this:

I had turned off the laptop and removed the laptop battery. After a couple of minutes, I plugged it back in and turned on the laptop. Now the numerous messages were gone, but the flashing screen was still there. In order to fix the flashing screen, I tapped the Left-Shift key for a couple of times and held it down for some moment. After couple of moments, the flashing screen becomes alright and Ubuntu boots perfectly into normal mode without problem.

I have been using this work-around for four days now and it is still working perfectly. Further, the solution does not add that much time to the standard boot-time.


Install Gnome 3.10 in Ubuntu 13.10 without breaking Unity

I am currently trying out both, and installing Gnome 3.10 through the ppas you have listed does not break Unity. However Gnome 3.10 does not work perfectly for me, there are quite a few small but nagging issues (which are sort of expected). For example,

1) Brightness and gnome shell extension settings does not persist across reboots.

2) Nautilus (Files) seems buggy, it often freezes.

3) Gnome lock screen freezed a few times for me.

But Gnome 3.10 looks impressive overall, so you can give it a try (looks like you are interested).

I have installed Cinnamon 2.0 as well, and that in fact broke Unity. I can no longer login to Unity now, but Shell and Cinnamon work. There is actually an article on Softpedia that also points out the conflict between Unity and Cinnamon 2.0. I am not sure how to resolve the issue.


Clean Install of Ubuntu won't boot [reboot and select proper boot device]

Download and use this Ubuntu Boot-Repair program, or burn an Ubuntu boot-repair Disk

I had the above problem installing Ubuntu 12.10 and 13.04 on a brand new (as of November 2013) gateway computer and got this error:

Reboot and Select proper Boot device
or Insert Boot Media in selected Boot device

I was able to repair the boot loader that caused this problem.

This Ubuntu boot-repair tool can repair frequent boot issues you may encounter in Ubuntu like when you can't boot Ubuntu after installing Ubuntu.  Or you can't boot Windows after installing a Linux distribution, or when you can't boot Ubuntu after installing Windows, or when GRUB is not displayed anymore, or some software update or hardware upgrade breaks GRUB, etc.

Four options.  Either boot into the LiveCD and download the program and apply it to your boot loader, or create a Ubuntu OS install boot disk with boot-repair, or boot into a barebones boot-repair liveCD, or a boot repair USB stick.

What I did was boot into the Ubuntu LIVE CD and connected to the internet, then visit the following link: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Info

Follow the directions there to install the boot repair program and accept the defaults to rebuild and restore the boot loader.  For me accepting the defaults made it so I could boot into Ubuntu again.

Instead of downloading from a live CD, you could burn a boot Repair Disk which also handles LVM, GPT, separate /boot and UEFI dual boot: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

LighterWeight (Lubuntu based) Boot-RepairCD: http://sourceforge.net/projects/boot-repair-cd/files/

Full Ubuntu 13.04 liveDVD or USB Install with Boot-Repair included (for newer computers): https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LinuxSecureRemix

For info on UEFI boot install & repair: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2147295

So either pitch in and help the developers figure out why that version of Ubuntu isn't working with your hardware, or troubleshoot what is wrong by learning about how the boot process works, or try a different version of Ubuntu on a different hardware.


Is /home/userdir or entire /home directory encrypted when selecting encryption during installation?

If you choose to encrypt your home directory, then each user's home may be encrypted separately, with separate keys. All of /home is not encrypted with the same key.

For audio recording, you might want a separate or external drive.


Gnome2 Keyring displaying Large Green Tick

Since no one has answered this here is the answer. The Green Tick shown is a remember the password opt-in. It seems as though the size has out-grown its container. Simply put, if you click on the Green Tick at the same level as the text to the right of it the image will change based on your preferences. I note that this is not a problem after upgrading to Ubuntu 16.04 with Gnome.


How do I clean up my machine after completing an OpenStack training course?

You may have a set of containers running in the background.

Try lxc list and if there are containers there that are not containers you specifically want to keep, then you can stop and remove them with:

lxc stop <name>
lxc delete <name>

Those containers are pretty lightweight, much more lightweight than VMs, you can run lots of them on a laptop which is nice for development of complex software like openstack. But they do add overhead especially if they are all booting when your laptop boots. Let us know if this helped.


What is the best "File Shredder" to remove files from my system.

There is a tool on Linux called "wipe", and you can install it by the following command:

    sudo apt-get install wipe

This allows you to securely render a file you want deleted unrecoverable (via reasonable attempts at recovery). Here is the manual for wipe if you want to read any information on it. It is also a good idea to read the man page of wipe straight after installation. This is done by:

    man wipe


Apache will treat files in conf.d/ as config files, and the .crt file is not a valid apache config file.

Instead put them somewhere else and have the config file in sites-enabled/ refer to them. The default-ssl config has the following in it:

SSLCertificateFile    /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key

So put your certificate file in /etc/ssl/certs/ and your key in /etc/ssl/private/ and edit the config to have the correct file names.

You might also want to read the official Ubuntu server guide about Apache and HTTPS or just search google for more information.


Yes, you can install a specific version of a package with apt-get install pkg=version but the version you want needs to be available from one of your APT sources.

e.g.

$ apt-cache policy dpkg
dpkg:
  Installed: 1.16.12
  Candidate: 1.16.12
  Version table:
     1.17.1 0
        800 http://localhost:3142/debian/ unstable/main amd64 Packages
 *** 1.16.12 0
        900 http://localhost:3142/debian/ testing/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

in this case, both 1.17.1 and 1.16.12 are available to APT. 1.16.12 is installed.

Like the main Ubuntu archive, PPAs remove superseded packages. So, only one version is available for each, Ubuntu release, in a PPA.


Does dist-upgrade require PPA software to be uninstalled first?

As hhlp pointed out the update-manager will comment out PPAs before it upgrades you to 10.10.

There are also command line instructions here which talk about do-release-upgrade, which is the supported method of upgrading via CLI:

Upgrading from the command line?


Icons-only Task Manager Showing Redundant Icons For Dolphin and Firefox

I discovered that the default panel doesn't have the icons-only task manger widget by default and that I was really using the default task manager widget (instead of the Icons-Only Task Manger widget).

I fixed this by right-clicking on the default panel, hovering over the Task Manager, selecting "Show Alternatives" (from the hover-context-menu that appeared) and then selected the "Icons-Only Task Manager".


Ubiquity doesn't see any partitions on the Disk

After about three hours, I found out that the Windows 7 installer had originally written the partitions bigger than the harddisk claimed to be. Thus the libparted of Ubiquity thought the partition table was corrupted.

The solution was quite simple: Just shrink the windows partition to the desired size and leave the rest of the disk empty. fdisk can read the oversized partition table just fine.

Afterwards use Ubiquity like normal to create the necessary partitions on the empty space - libparted will make sure they're the size of the harddisk.


Why does a user's umask values differ between two systems?

I think I figured this out.  In the /etc/login.prefs in 20.04 the following is stated:
# If USERGROUPS_ENAB is set to "yes", that will modify this UMASK default value
# for private user groups, i. e. the uid is the same as gid, and username is
# the same as the primary group name: for these, the user permissions will be
# used as group permissions, e. g. 022 will become 002.

This might honestly be a bug in 16.04 when running the command sudo -u username sh -c umask.  This is the only thing I can come up with.  On my test systems I get the following output.
16.04:
terrance@terrance-1604:~$ id
uid=1000(terrance) gid=1000(terrance) groups=1000(terrance),4(adm),24(cdrom),27(sudo),30(dip),46(plugdev),113(lpadmin),128(sambashare)
terrance@terrance-1604:~$ umask
0002
terrance@terrance-1604:~$ sudo -u terrance sh -c umask
0022

20.04:
terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ id
uid=1000(terrance) gid=1000(terrance) groups=1000(terrance),4(adm),24(cdrom),27(sudo),30(dip),46(plugdev),118(lpadmin),126(sambashare),132(vboxusers)
terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ umask
0002
terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ sudo -u terrance sh -c umask
0002

As it appears they both support the exact same commands and have the exact same wording in the /etc/login.prefs.  But 16.04 appears to not read into the user correctly like it does in 20.04.  It looks like a bug, but since 16.04 is now EOL they will not update for bugs anymore.
Hope this helps!


I believe you can simply write full path to the icon in corresponding line:
Icon=/usr/share/app-install/icons/arduino.png


Can't register Landscape client with on-prem server

Curl's error 77 is CURLE_SSL_CACERT_BADFILE, indicating that it's an issue with the provided cacert file. Your curl --cacert command confirms that the file isn't corrupt or in a wrong format.

Therefore, it's most likely a file permissions issue; maybe it can be read/write by owner/group but not by others, so it can be read when you sudo curl as root, but not when read by the landscape user.

chmod o+r /etc/ssl/certs/landscape.localhost_ca.pem should fix it.


Directory /etc/X11/X is empty! Login directs to tty

/etc/X11/X is not a directory! Right now on my machine it is a symlink to Xorg big binary file. Your problem is somewhere else.
For the refrence, here is my /etc/X11 list:

drwxr-xr-x 1 root root      344 марта 23 10:23 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root     4684 марта 28 21:08 ..
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root      676 марта 23 10:23 app-defaults
-rw------- 1 root root 36941824 марта 23 23:28 core
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root      110 окт.  16 23:03 cursors
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root       18 окт.  16 23:03 default-display-manager
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root       18 окт.  16 23:01 fonts
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root       24 марта 23 10:23 ja_JP.eucJP
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root       24 марта 23 10:23 ja_JP.UTF-8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    17394 дек.   3  2009 rgb.txt
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       13 марта 15 22:52 X -> /usr/bin/Xorg
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root       48 окт.  16 23:03 xinit
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root        0 мая   17  2013 xkb
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root      709 апр.   1  2010 Xreset
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root       12 окт.  16 23:02 Xreset.d
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root       20 окт.  16 23:02 Xresources
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root     3730 марта 22  2012 Xsession
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root      816 марта 15 23:14 Xsession.d
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root      265 июля   1  2008 Xsession.options
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root       13 июня   5  2013 XvMCConfig
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root      601 окт.  16 23:02 Xwrapper.config


Samba public share does not show up at "Network" in Windows, but is accessible

I've finally found the reason it was not showing up. After changing the workgroup to something arbitrary to both the server and my pc it got detected. Turns out there was already a device on the same network with the name of the workgroup, which was making it conflict in one way or another. Removing the device's lease from my router's dhcp table made the server appear on the workgroup in question.


Inotifywait apply regex pattern on changes in a file

This script using diff works:
#!/bin/bash

# Save contents of dpkg.log
last_content=$(</var/log/dpkg.log)

# Loop inotifywait
while inotifywait -e modify /var/log/dpkg.log; do
    # Check diff between dpkg.log and last saved content.
    # Use grep to filter lines not interesting
    # save in a variabler called "diff".
    diff=$(diff /var/log/dpkg.log <(printf '%s' "$last_content") | grep '^<' | grep "status installed")

    # Check if the command to check "diff" succeeded ($? == 0)
    # if yes, run the alert:
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
        echo "$diff"
        notify-send "$(printf '%s' "$diff" | grep -Po "status installed \K.*") has been installed"
    fi

    # Save contents of dpkg.log
    last_content=$(</var/log/dpkg.log)
done

Instead of notify-send, you can of course use any other method for alert.


I was not able to solve the problem either, but I chose the *.jar (Generic) installer of JDeveloper instead of the bin one and now it runs without a problem. I hope it helps


Why is it my Windows XP and Windows 7 PC/laptop can find and connect to my Ubuntu file server while my Ubuntu laptop cannot see it?

Do you have the Samba client installed on your Thinkpad? Since you're in a mixed environment, your server is sharing via Samba, instead of the Unix-based sharing protocols. This means that if you don't have the Samba client installed, you won't be able to access those shares.

Additionally, you might have to also set up your file server to allow your Thinkpad in a similar way you probably set it up for the Windows client.


Try changing:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi_backlight=vendor"

in /etc/default/grub. I highly recommend you check out this answer for more details on testing this and then making it permanent. That answer was a solution for the same graphics card that you have.


Can’t get PC to boot from Usb to install Ubuntu

when you install Ubuntu with ISO format you need to make bootable on USB
you can use : https://rufus.akeo.ie/

plug in the USB and choose the ISO file you downloaded and start
then restart your PC and try again


Vlc, banshee doesn't playing song when tuxguitar opened!

Sounds like you guitar software may be locking the codec needed to play the file, try Ubuntu software center search for "restricted extras", 3rd party codecs are not under the ubuntu free license and not installed, check for one of the non free codec updates. If I don't run this codec update my vervid monkey doesn't even play an mp3 but jukebox is installed, there are a plethora of software versions available fro different vendors fddshow mp4 2.64 the new 2.65 is recommended https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E8eSog_bhsk


How are dependencies maintained during uninstallation?

You asked,

Now my question is if vlc depended on some packages that were uninstalled due to uninstallation of some other stuff, then why would those packages be removed even when vlc had dependency on them?

Answer: No, apt package management system, which Ubuntu uses, doesn't remove a package upon which other packages depend, even if you want to uninstall some of them. That would be silly. For a typical example, consider package libc6. It's one of the core packages of Ubuntu and hence, lots of packages depend on It. But uninstalling one or two from them, won't remove libc6.
Moreover, If you deliberately want to remove a package, upon which lots of packages depend, Ubuntu or specifically apt system will warn you before actual uninstall. But if you wish, you can uninstall that package too! In this case, the other packages which depend on this, also get removed.
Case 1:
Let, There be three packages named core-x, a and b. a and b both depend of core-x package. Now, if you try to remove package b, core-x will not be removed, since it is still needed for functioning of a.
Case 2:
Again consider our fictitious packages. If you now try to remove core-x package by putting in apt-get remove line, core-x will get removed with both a and b package, because these two (a and b) won't function without core-x.

Your second question was -

how can I get vlc running without installing ubuntu again?

For this, try removing vlc with purge option and re-install again.
A command like below will do the job.
sudo apt-get --purge autoremove libvlc5

and install it with
sudo apt-get install vlc

Bonus: By using libvlc5 instead of plain vlc, you are just experiment with Case 2 where you removed a package, upon which other packages depend.
Hope this helps.


Ubuntu 14.04: problems upgrading php to 5.6 using ppa:ondrej

You are mixing different PPAs and versions and commands in incompatible way, let's break it down:

libapache2-mod-php5.6 is present in ppa:ondrej/php and this is really the PPA you want to be using
phpdismod is a command for disabling PHP extensions, and not to manage Apache2 modules, you need a2dismod for that
The PHP Apache2 module in ppa:ondrej/php5-5.6 is named libapache2-mod-php5

So the correct would be:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get purge php5-common # remove and purge old PHP 5.x packages
sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5.6

If you don't uninstall php5-* packages first, you need to disable the php5 module and enable php5.6 module:

sudo a2dismod php5
sudo a2enmod php5.6

And optionally add Apache2 repository:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/apache2
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

There's a migrationg guide available for PPA packages.


alternative to unetbootin for memtest86+ image

The memtest86+.iso should be used to boot only from CD/DVD

To create a bootable USB you need to download the appropriate image from here :

To download it through the browser , choose the Image for creating bootable USB Drive under Linux/Mac Downloads:

Or use the command line:

wget http://www.memtest86.com/downloads/memtest86-usb.tar.gz

Uncompress it:

tar xvf memtest86-usb.tar.gz

Use the command dd to create a bootable USB ( you don't need an alternative to unetbootin):

sudo dd if=memtest86-usb.img of=/dev/sdb

Change /dev/sdb with yours , it depends on the output of sudo fdisk -l.


phpmyadmin: DROP DATABASE statements disabled

if you are using version 4+ then you can simply drop a database just following these steps:

go to mysql admin
click database option (right side of your databases)
here you will get all the databases you have and now click the checkbox at the left side of the databases you want to delete
just the bottom of these databases you can see the option "Drop" so click the drop to delete the database permanently


It looks like there are a few broken or missing things regarding pygtk with Python2.7 under Maverick (pygobject-dev maybe).

Unless you really need Python2.7, you will save yourself a lot of stress using the Python2.6 version of pygtk included in Maverick.


how to set desired location directory when installing

In GNU/Linux every file has its own place, we don't install all files in a same folder, when you are using apt-get it does the job automatically you don't have to do anything.

Every package you install follows an standard "Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)".
It defines the directory structure and directory contents in Unix-like operating systems 1.

You can use man hier to see what each path supposes to do, e.g: binary files are located at /bin or /usr/bin or /usr/local/bin, or configuration files will be placed at /etc.

You can also use dpkg -L pkg-name to find out where a package files are located at system, e.g:

dpkg -L wget

There is a case when you download a whole program (mostly pre-compiled) which all of its files are located in a same directory, in that case we place it at /opt/progam-name.


Upgrade 16.04 openvz to 18.04 but keep kernel to 2.6

No, the OpenVZ 6 kernel on the host doesn't support Ubuntu 18.04.  You need to wait for an update for the OpenVZ 6 kernel, or move to another host using OpenVZ 7 or Virtuozzo 7.


dual boot lost, how can I enter in ubuntu again?

Three options spring to mind:

Installing rEFInd, as Mike C. has already suggested. This will probably work fairly easily to get access to Linux via GRUB. Once you've booted Linux via GRUB, you can optionally install an EFI filesystem driver and run the mkrlconf.sh script to create a configuration file that will enable booting Linux without using GRUB, if you care to go that route. This last isn't absolutely required, though.
Using the Windows bcdedit command to re-activate GRUB as the default boot loader. A command like bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi, typed in an Administrator Command Prompt window, should do the trick.
Using Boot Repair to fix the problem automatically. Unfortunately, Boot Repair is a bit heavy-handed in its approach (it tries every fix the developers could conceive of simultaneously), so one side effect is that there's usually an explosion of options in the GRUB menu. To avoid this, access the Advanced Options menu and uncheck the Backup and Rename EFI Files option.

Note that the first two options require extra effort or variations if you're booting with Secure Boot enabled, so if you want to try either of those, you should disable Secure Boot (if it's enabled).


I just moved, have no internet on my laptop or ipod, but everyone else who lives here does

This seems completely ubuntu unrelated. If your iPod has no internet connection either, than it's probably no problem with ubuntu.

You should seek help at someone who lives near you and can help you with troubleshooting these internet problems.


Short answer is Yes, but do not expect anything spectacular or consider it as an industrial deployment. Deployments like these are more suited for test environments unless you'r up for some serious "infrastructure hacking". Also MaaS & JuJu combined are deployment methodologies. They put software on machines. What you do with it is up to you, so you still have to go through the Openstack Operations guide and documentation to get a feel of what's going on.

Deploying services from the cmd-line in juju does allow to co-locate services in machines although you should be careful with how you mix them up.

juju deploy-service -e myMaaS mysql--to 1

In detail, you have to consider the deployment of the following collection of services throughout your stack, for it to work,even though just barely.

MaaS Server (1st Server) (Typical installation)
The JuJu bootstrap node (2nd Server) or machine 0 in  JuJu style.
Openstack Stack (3rd Server) or machine 1 in JuJu style.

RabbitMQ
MySQL
Keystone
Glance
Cinder
Keystone
Openstack Dashboard
Nova-Cloud-Controller
Nova-Compute

Note:I have deployed a test-stack like that so it does work,but it's a test environment.

However, this is pretty much a huge waste of resources, even if the services are scalable.

The alternatives to these would be.

a)Deploy the openstack manually without MaaS & JuJu or with some other DevOp tool e.g saltstack.

b)Slice the servers. Use some-type of virtualization to create VMs that are in the same network as MaaS (with bridged adapters and PXE booting capabilities). By doing that you will be able to add the machines in the MaaS Cluster even if they are in the same physical machine as MaaS. Even VMs count as standalone nodes and you can use them with JuJu.

Since you are asking in Ubuntu,I'll assume you are trying to squeeze it with MaaS & JuJu although MaaS is more suited for the management of a large number of physical machines.

So let's go with
b)Slice the servers.
  The considerations you'd have to keep in mind are the following.

MaaS doesn't need a whole server of that caliber on it's own. You are better off slicing the first server to handle non-openstack services.
The JuJu Node. Since it won't be doing much state management it doesn't need a standalone physical node on it's own. It is better suited to live on the first server.
Add any other management service you might require on the first server's VMs through JuJu or without it.
The Openstack Services. You can get away with support services living on the same server in small deployments. You could cram all but the nova-compute on the 2nd physical server.
Nova-Compute is the service that will expose virtualization HW resources to your cloud and is better suited for using an entire physical server. Save the 3rd server as a whole for the nova-compute. In addition, adding more Compute Resources equals adding the new physical server and clustering it under Nova-Compute from JuJu
Cinder handles the Storage for openstack so it needs to use an LVM or SDX volume where it's installed to expose it to the cloud. Make sure you have partitioned/saved a dedicated volume array for the Cinder. Also from checking your HDs...you really need more.

The are more considerations to take into deploying the Openstack stack,such as actually proxying the dashboard to an apache-server,a backup location,not drowning the keystone server (the last one sees quite a lot of traffic).

In short.

First Server (Sliced)

MaaS  - Outside of JuJu
JuJu Bootstrap Node - Machine 0
Generic VM for some non-stack service. Machine N

Second Server (Doesn't need to be sliced) Machine N+1

RabbitMQ
MySQL
Glance
Cinder
Nova-Cloud-Controller
Keystone
Openstack-Dashboard

Third Server - Machine N+2

Nova-Compute

Hope that helps to get you started.


I was able to install tsclient by downloading the natty package here: http://packages.ubuntu.com/natty/tsclient and installing all the dependencies.  You'll notice that there is no libpanel-applet2-0 package anymore so when you install the .deb file run:

sudo dpkg --force-all -i tsclient_0.150-4ubuntu2_amd64.deb


What is the best open source middleware for Ubuntu?

Try this.

  Arquillian is a platform that simplifies Java middleware testing. ...
  it might be a good fit as a replacement data store for metrics.1

For detailed info see JBoss Community

Also it might be helpful to look at this: Open Source and Linux from HP

1Source:Jboss


Nautilus copy/paste suddenly stop working, how to workaround? qdbus?

This a Nautilus bug, you can check it here.


Startup & shutdown scripts for Java servers

SIGSTOP pauses the process, and does not do a clean shutdown. Use SIGTERM instead.

Here is a draft upstart job for a java process:

description "my java app"

start on runlevel [2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]

respawn

exec java -jar myapp.jar <arguments>

that should work fairly well.


apache2 error Could not open configuration file /etc/apache2/conf.d/: No such file or directory

It was the same for me. After I created the conf.d folder still Apache 2 won't start. I was able to solve like this:

  Replacing this line

LockFile ${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}/accept.lock

  with this one

Mutex file:${APACHE_LOCK_DIR} default

  in /etc/apache2/apache2.conf solved the problem.

(source)


Error when trying sudo apt-get update - Python related?

It is, as suggested by @guiverc, most likely Python version related. It seems that many Python tutorials these days suggests to change the default Python version from 2 to 3. While this is nice and practical for Python development, it breaks the packages which are using Python 2 scripts in there installation process.
So check where the link /usr/bin/python is pointing to:
$ ls -la /usr/bin/python
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jan 24  2017 /usr/bin/python -> python2.7

It should point to python2, not to any python3 executable. If it points to python3 then do the following (man ln):
$ sudo rm -f /usr/bin/python
$ sudo ln -s /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python

After that, the apt-get will start to work again.
Background on Python interpreter version
Many scripts use the Shebang to control which interpreter is used to executed the following script. In most Python 2 scripts the following lines are used:
#!/usr/bin/env python

For Python 3 this shebang is used:
#!/usr/bin/env python3

If the default link to the Python 2 (/usr/bin/python -> python2.7) interpreter is changed to any version of Python 3, all "old" Python 2 scripts will stop working.


How to find logs that contain certain string in lots of gz/regular files and save it as one/more txt files?

The modern way to use find, bearing in mind that you will eventually see a filename containing spaces, is with -print0 and xargs -0:

# list all filenames containing '/Jan/2016'
find ~/Desktop/logs -type f -print0 | xargs -0 zgrep -l '/Jan/2016'
# 1. Have all the data from all folders that contain that string under one text file
find ~/Desktop/logs -type f -print0 | xargs -0 zgrep -l '/Jan/2016' >one.text.file
#
# 2. Have data that contains string in a separate text files depending on a folder (example: first folder - first.txt etc)
pushd ~/Desktop/logs
for dir in * ; do
    if [[ -d "$dir" ]] ; then
        outname="$dir.txt"
        find "~/Desktop/logs/$dir" -type f -print0 | xargs -0 zgrep -l '/Jan/2016' >"$outname"
    fi
done
popd


Grub repair on a system with legacy bios but GPT partitioned disk?

If you have  a legacy BIOS, and a gpt partitioned disk, you need some place on the disk for the legacy grub bootloader, which can no longer squeeze between the partitions like on an MSDOS partitioned disk.  That place is a 1-2M unformatted partition with the bios-grub flag.  Then grub-pc should install successfully.


Ubuntu Phones are almost ready to hit the market. They'll be around very soon.

In your tags, you are referring to the Ubuntu Edge. It is not available to anyone who did not take part of the (failed) crowdfunding project. That sucks.

You can, of course, install Ubuntu Touch on a Nexus phone or tablet. Or, you can just wait for the Meizu MX3, Ubuntu Touch edition.


Restrict access of kvm guest to selected IPs

So for now I am using the /etc/libvirt/hooks/network hook: In this hook I dump the iptable-rules created by libvirt and look for the default forwarding rule for the bridge the vm is connected to. If the rule is there, it is replaced by a set of my restricted rules. If not, I assume the restricted rules are already in place.

This workaround works for me.


This computer currently has no detected operating systems (no UEFI)

Chances are your partition table is damaged, or at least has something quirky about it that the Ubuntu installer doesn't like. The Ubuntu installer relies on libparted, and I wrote a Web page about this problem in parted and related tools here:

http://www.rodsbooks.com/missing-parts/index.html

If I'm right, the easiest way to fix the problem is to run fixparts, which comes with Ubuntu in the gdisk package. It might ask you some questions or simply fix the problem. You may need to type w to save the changes it makes (which it mostly holds in memory until you OK a change).

Note that fixparts can't fix every problem that might cause the symptoms you're seeing. If you're unlucky you'll need to do more extensive repairs. If that's the case, you'll need to post detailed partition information, which you can obtain by typing the following commands:

sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda
sudo gdisk -l /dev/sda

If you've got multiple disks, repeat those commands for all of them.


How do I install Alfresco (Enterprise Content Management software)

A quick installation guide is available in the official Alfresco documentation. It's targeting the Enterprise edition, but if you are to install Community the only thing that changes is the binary file.


Ethernet icon in panel although I am using WiFi

It's a bug that hasn't been fixed...

run this command and it will correct it.  Or just let it be since it still works.

  sudo systemctl restart network-manager.service


Sort command not working as intended on numbers

By default, sort sorts character-by-character in lexicographical order, based on the current locale's collation sequence. So in your example 100 sorts after 10 but before 50 because 1 always sorts before 5.

To sort in numerical order, you need to add the n specifier

   -n, --numeric-sort
          compare according to string numerical value

e.g.

$ sort -k2,2n list.txt
1   10
A   50
e   75
a   100
b   300


Touch is not setting seconds in file creation

You are missing the ".":

-t STAMP
          use [[CC]YY]MMDDhhmm[.ss] instead of current time

rinzwind@discworld:~/test$ touch -t 200001311151.11 teste
rinzwind@discworld:~/test$ stat /home/rinzwind/test/teste
  File: ‘/home/rinzwind/test/teste’
  Size: 0           Blocks: 0          IO Block: 4096   regular empty file
Device: 815h/2069d  Inode: 1308353     Links: 1
Access: (0664/-rw-rw-r--)  Uid: ( 1000/rinzwind)   Gid: ( 1000/rinzwind)
Access: 2000-01-31 11:51:11.000000000 +0100
Modify: 2000-01-31 11:51:11.000000000 +0100
Change: 2015-02-28 21:56:48.514848834 +0100
 Birth: -


Why are desktop folders suddenly showing file dates?

1. The Issue:

You have perhaps inadvertently made a change to the Nautilus settings relating to icons, their 'Zoom' level and/or the default information that is displayed underneath them.

Note that the amount of 'Zoom' applied to the icons will also affect the total information seen below the icon and there are 3 available information settings, each of which can be seen at different Zoom levels.

2. The Solution:

To rectify the issue you have seen follow this trail from within a Nautilus window:

Edit --> Preferences --> Display --> Icon Captions

The setting to look for is the 'Modified' tab at the top of the 3 selection boxes which I believe you will find has been selected. Below is a screenshot to demonstrate where I have repeated your setting and demonstrated the appropriate dialogue box to alter this setting:

Experiment a little with these settings (if the top box is found 'Modified' set to None') and all should then  be well. Note that for the Desktop a refresh will be required, perhaps the easiest way is to simply log out and then log back in...

2b. Altering Zoom:

If you simply wish to alter the 'Zoom' value of your Desktop icons (making these icons smaller will doubtless also conceal the Modification times) follow a similar trail from within a Nautilus window:

Edit --> Preferences --> Views --> Icon View Defaults

and alter the Zoom level until you are happy. A screenshot from my own system:

And then all should be well :)


LAMP is a set of programs. It stands for:

Linux  (Operating system)
Apache (Webserver)
MySQL  (Database)
PHP    (Programming language)

So LAMP isn't a single thingie you can find, but a combination of applications installed on your system... and even IS your system (the L for Linux part)


How do I translate a meta-package (.deb)?


Is it safe to use apt-get autoremove' on Ubuntu 18.04 after a fresh installation of Ubuntu-Mate?

Should run this command

If you want to nobody is going to stop you :)

  and should I be regularly running apt-get autoremove

In all the years I use Ubuntu (and that is from 5.04) I never ever used it. In my opinion you do not need to. Then again I re-install every 6 months and am not an LTS user. You are so, if you do feel like running it, you might want to run it after a point release arrived or when you yourself removed a lot of software. That seems like good moments if you do want to run it.

Just a comment to keep you on your tows: if your system does what you ask of it why do you feel the need to remove packages? They take up little space and do no harm.

You did not include the list of packages so we can not comment on those. I would add it to the question for a more specific answer regarding your situation if I was you.


It says in section 3.1:

  It's useful to have a slightly customized default, so let's create an
  alias dquilt for Debian packaging by adding the following lines to
  ~/.bashrc

dquilt is a customized quilt command, not a package unto itself.

In short when dquilt is run it runs quilt with a set of customized parameters defined in ~/.bashrc.


How do I remove "Ubuntu" in the bios boot menu? (UEFI)

You should be able to do this via a Live Ubuntu CD.
Install efibootmgr:
sudo apt-get install efibootmgr

Then add to the kernel EFI support
sudo modprobe efivars

Then run sudo efibootmgr to check your boot entries. It will return something like this:
BootCurrent: 0004
Timeout: 2 seconds
BootOrder: 2001,0003,0005,0006,0000
Boot0000* Lenovo Recovery System
Boot0001* EFI Network 0 for IPv6 (B8-88-E3-84-F3-EF)
Boot0002* EFI Network 0 for IPv4 (B8-88-E3-84-F3-EF)
Boot0003* Windows Boot Manager
Boot0004* EFI USB Device (SanDisk)
Boot0005* ubuntu
Boot2001* EFI USB Device

Then delete the option you don't want. In this example, Ubuntu is entry 5. the following could be called to delete entry 5 and remove it from the BootOrder.
(CAUTION: Before executing the following command make sure you enter the correct Boot entry number)
sudo efibootmgr -b 5 -B

Further details described here: http://linux.die.net/man/8/efibootmgr
Note: as for anything that changes your bootloader, please ensure you have a good disk image that you can boot with.
Now you should also delete the ubuntu subdirectory in the EFI partition to prevent the UEFI firmware from restoring the entry into the BootOrder.
To do that, first find your EFI partition. Run sudo fdisk -l to see the partitions on all attached drives. The EFI partition has EFI Partition under the Type column.
Suppose your EFI partition was /dev/sda2, then mount it on an empty folder anywhere.
sudo mkdir /mnt/efipart
sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/efipart

Now we have to find the directory Ubuntu or any other distro's name in this partition. It is mostly under EFI/distro_name.
Remove that directory and its contents by (PLEASE MAKE SURE YOU ARE DELETING THE CORRECT DIRECTORY) sudo rm -r ubuntu.


How to find all files that are not a certain extension?

In bash with extglob set you can use negative matching:

shopt -s extglob # often a default, could be already set
rm *.!(png)
rm !(*keep*|*save*) # everything except files with "keep" or "save" in their name

See here for the gory details.


Web page goes black after it is done loading on Chrome

On Ubuntu 12.10, this worked:

chromium-browser --blacklist-accelerated-compositing


How to activate spellchecking in LibreOffice Writer for languages other than English?

In Writer, click Tools->Options->Language Settings->Writing Aids,
and add that dictionary with the Edit button.


Seems to be resolved by enabling the SNA acceleration option instead of UXA.


ExQuilla alternatives for connecting to MS Exchange Server?

If you have web services enabled on the exchange server, then Davmail will do the trick: http://davmail.sourceforge.net
Here's how to set up :
Once davmail is installed, go ahead and run it.

Right-click the tray icon
Go to Settings→General  and enter your OWA exchange URL (ask your IT for this URL, or whoever set up exchange).
You can leave the rest of the settings as default if you wish- But do take note of the Local IMAP port (it defaulted to 1143 for me) as well as the SMTP port (it defaulted to 1025 for me).
Now, open up thunderbird and add an account.
Enter your email/password as normal and hit continue.  It will try to connect and fail, but go ahead and click Manual Config.
Change the incoming server to localhost and the port to 1143.
Change the outgoing server to localhost and the port to 1025.  Use your existing exchange email/password.

Voila.
Keep in mind davmail does not automatically start after reboot, so you will need to make sure it starts before trying to connect with thunderbird.
To explain what davmail is doing:
Davmail is acting as a man-in-the-middle to your exchange server, relaying info to and from: thunderbird <-> davmail <-> exchange.  Thunderbird just connects to Davmail (which is running on your localhost) and davmail connects to your exchange server.


The firmware of graphic adapter is the responsible on order, and it can't be changed without an update from manufacturer. AFIAK, no one (Ati, Intel, nVidia,..) allows changing it at user level with driver control CLI/GUI.

xrandr propagates that order to user applications, check connection order there.

By the way, that's called "Port/Connection/Output order".
Why GUI Window Manager (WM), place the apps on that monitor

Sometimes apps them selves give position hints to WM.
Not all WM care about Primary Output.
X Coordinates start from left on Full Screen Size that is constructed from both outputs.
Some WM/Apps don't remember last position.

Options

I'm still not familiar with Gnome Shell WM. But I expect it has an extension for window positioning.
Put primary screen on the left.


Enabling SIL phonetic Biblical Hebrew keyboard

I tried this in terminal:

$ setxkbmap biblicalSIL
Error loading new keyboard description

It indicates that the layout is buggy, which might be the reason why it does not show up in the GUI.

If you install the ibus-m17n package (and re-login), you get access to the Hebrew (kbd (m17n)) layout. I have no idea if that would help you, though. ;)


18.04 - Shared Libraries "No such file or directory" for libraries verified to exist

I presumed because I could see libmodplug in my installed files through synaptic, that libmodplug.so.1 was also available. Looking into it, there was a broken symlink where the file should have been.

I reinstalled libmodplug and that fixed the file. The programs depending on that library are now all working!

Posting this as an answer instead of editing the original post so as to hopefully educate the next person who assumes the same as I did! Always double-check the libraries!


How to make permenant edits to GRUB parameters

Blaine, your comment that you cannot edit existing parameters in /etc/default/grub is incorrect. You can edit that file: that's its purpose.

However, to make these changes permanent you need to update grub with the sudo update-grub command after editing and saving the grub file.


Problem on Windows after DualBoot (Windows 10 / Ubuntu 18.04 LTS)

You can access your stuff in windows thru Ubuntu using the file cabinet icon. Also your HDD will contain all things IN and OF windows. Your windows is not corrupt at all, so do not delete any partitions or go crazy. Maybe try logging into bios and choosing windows at start up for now... I can not help with the grub problem..but there are many great techs on this site.


Gnome desktop locks up, no keyboard or mouse clicks

Best way to access your system is to boot to recovery mode. You will boot to a command line only interface, but should be sufficient to remove the nvidia driver.


Have you tried gnome-screenshot ? It can capture the screen, a window, or an user-defined area and save the snapshot image to a file with delay.


Internet is working but "apt update" giving this error in windows subsystem for linux

my two cents for Windows 10 and WSL

go simple at start...

I have the SAME problem in WSL under Windows 10. same errors.

it was simply Norton Antivirus.

I DO KNOW is very dangerous to stop it, but once stopped (for a while...) Ubuntu starts updating.

:)

before gcc, update ubuntu:

sudo apt-get update


How to Update or Re-Install the newest version of ADB?

If you think, you have latest SDK but the adb tool is older one,

Use,

# adb version
Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.31
# wget -O - https://skia.googlesource.com/skia/+archive/cd048d18e0b81338c1a04b9749a00444597df394/platform_tools/android/bin/linux.tar.gz | tar -zxvf - adb
# sudo mv adb /usr/bin/adb
# sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/adb
# adb version
Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.32

Refernce http://bernaerts.dyndns.org/linux/74-ubuntu/328-ubuntu-trusty-android-adb-fastboot-qtadb


How do I fix the MATE Desktop Environment theme after installing it alongside Unity?

I used the good old Unity Tweak Tool, went to Appearance > Theme > Theme, chose Ambiance, and then clicked on Icons and chose ubuntu-mono-dark and my Unity looked like the way it always had again.

Then, it was time to work on MATE. I installed mate-desktop-environment-extras which installed a few extra things, but can most likely be omitted. I opened Unity Tweak Tool and I tried a few themes. They did not work, which was because this is MATE, not Unity and it uses a different way of theming, or somehting.

I had more luck with the MATE Control Center, which looked like this...

Until I found Appearance under Look and Feel. I changed the theme to Custom and it all looked a lot better. I also changed the background to 'Ubuntu MATE Cold'.

Yay! It works! It looks great now and it's superfast.


Problems with android app after PW change

I can officially confirm it was an intermittent issue with our servers. Sorry for the inconvenience.


This helped in my case (disables Dash Home, or as I've come to call it, the Wesley Crusher Feature), but I can see how it might not help in other cases...

System Settings->Keyboard Layout->Alt/Win key behavior->Control is mapped to Alt keys, Alt is mapped to Win keys.

The answer provided on the linked topic (to the right side of this page) doesn't help suppress Dash Home.  Rather, it only remaps the HUD (which I've also mapped to a key combo I'll never use).


How do I use nmcli to display the default route

Your default gateway is the output of

nmcli d show |  grep gw

Sample output,

IP4.ADDRESS[1]:     ip = 192.168.20.61/24, gw = 192.168.20.11
IP6.ADDRESS[1]:     ip = 2a02:8108:2380:2ef0:99f4:8f6d:f30e:c089/64, gw = fe80::3681:c4ff:feaf:8198
IP6.ADDRESS[2]:     ip = 2a02:8108:2380:2ef0:a00:27ff:fe4f:20ab/64, gw = fe80::3681:c4ff:feaf:8198
IP6.ADDRESS[3]:     ip = fe80::a00:27ff:fe4f:20ab/64, gw = fe80::3681:c4ff:feaf:8198
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:     ip = 127.0.0.1/8, gw = 0.0.0.0
IP6.ADDRESS[1]:     ip = ::1/128, gw = ::

Compare the output with the output of

$ ip route | grep default
default via 192.168.20.11 dev eth0  proto static  metric 100


"Invalid command 'Order'" after deleting /etc/apache2

Apache is unable to restart due to the error in your configuration file. Did you edit apache2.conf by hand? Debug your syntax error in /etc/apache2/apache2.conf and sudo service apache restart should start working correctly.


Can't access GUI mode with Virtual Box fresh 12.04 install

That behavior is ok, because the second command that you are entering is wrong.

It is sudo apt-get upgrade instead of sudo apt-get install update.

When you enter sudo apt-get install PACKAGE_NAME you are trying to install a package, but there is no package called update

Normally, to update the system, we enter both command in one instance:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade


You machine has more than enough resources to run Ubuntu 19.04 smoothly.

My guess is that something must have been disabled during the upgrade, maybe the AMD official drivers?

If you go to Software Sources in the additional drivers tab, it should show you if there is anything that needs installing.


A workmate finally saved me by suggesting to make a new drive, instead on enlarging the actual one.
So the VM now has 2 hard drives, and it is easy to make a new partition on it, and include it to VolGroup00/LogVol00, following steps detailed in the question.


Script / App to unRAR files, and only delete the archives which were sucessfully expanded

A friend of mine has been working on a bash shell script to do this which is on github here.

https://github.com/arfoll/unrarall


How to get a shortcut icon from a shortcut

Terminal icon is a standard application icon with the name utilities-terminal. You can use this name in your .desktop launcher (i.e. the shortcut you created) and then it would always assume the terminal icon provided by your icon theme.

Open the the .desktop shortcut you created using a text editor and look for the Icon= line. Change it to

Icon=utilities-terminal


Security errors for Kali Linux repositories when I run "sudo apt update" on Ubuntu 20.04

I had almost this exact same problem last night. I ran sudo apt-get update and looked for any repositories that I no longer used, removed them, and everything seems to work.


NetworkManager doesn't detect my broadband device

I had the same problem on 12.04 and the solution was to boot the machine with the dongle already inserted.
Ensure that the modemmanager package is installed.


How to install and enable at startup a VNC server on Kubuntu 15.10

The easiest solution I have found is RealVNC server:

download, and install. (and buy a license if you need advanced features). Everything can be configured through command line if needed, otherwise it can be configured through GUI as shown below.
add RealVNC server to startup:

Run RealVNC server:

From the RealVNC client, you can connect using your Kubuntu login and password.
To change the options:

I tried KRFB, but it doesn't save settings.


Why can't I login to the GUI via lxdm after upgrading to lubuntu 13.04?

Try using lightdm instead of lxdm as display manager. That worked for me.

Although I can't explain why it fails with lxdm, only found some "cannot connect to X" messages at .cache/lxsession/LXDE/run.log.


I have seen a similar issue in the past where a shadow lock file was left due to an application crash maybe related the original reason why the account wouldn't work.

Look for /etc/group.lock, /etc/passwd.lock and /etc/shadow.lock files and remove them.

*Note: Make sure to close all running applications and only remove the .lock files *


Bash, command to variable (cat), output is on 1 line,  is not working

When a Bash variable contains multiple lines and you want to output it with echo as it is; you need to put double quotes (") around the variable. For example:

echo '
.......<pre>
'"$log"'
</pre>...
' > ...

If you put double quotes, the echo command will consider it as a single (whose contents happen to contain a multi-line string) parameter. If you don't put double quotes the contents of the string will be split (by Bash) into multiple parameters whenever a white-space (space, tab, newline, etc.) occurs.

For example:

$ var='a  b  c'
$ echo $var
a b c
$ echo "$var"
a  b  c

Note, the first echo will get three parameters ('a', 'b', and 'c') and will output them by separating with a single space. The second echo will get a single parameter ('a  b  c') and will output it as it is.


Update:

The script now checks if the ppa supports your distro, and then aks for confirmation if you want to add the repo to your sources list and only then installs the packages.

Use this at your own risk! I only tested this on two ppa's! I will not be held responsible for broken packages!

code:

#!/bin/bash

#-----------------------------------------------
#   Author      :   Imri Paloja
#   Email       :   ****.******@*****.***
#   HomePage    :   www.eurobytes.nl
#   Version     :   3.0
#   Name        :   add-ppa
#-----------------------------------------------

# CHANGELOG
#
# 1. Asks for confirmation if ppa supports distro.

mkdir /tmp/add-ppa/

wget --quiet "http://ppa.launchpad.net/$(echo $1 | sed -e 's/ppa://g')/ubuntu/dists" -O /tmp/add-ppa/support.html

grep "$(lsb_release -sc)" "/tmp/add-ppa/support.html" >> /tmp/add-ppa/found.txt

cat /tmp/add-ppa/found.txt | sed 's|</b>|-|g' | sed 's|<[^>]*>||g' >> /tmp/add-ppa/stripped_file.txt

if [[ -s /tmp/add-ppa/stripped_file.txt ]] ; then

echo "$(lsb_release -sc) is supported"

read -p "Do you wish to install add the ppa to your source, and install the binaries [y/n] ?"
if [ "$REPLY" == "y" ] ; then

echo "Adding it to your sources list"
sudo add-apt-repository $1

echo "Refreshing your sources list"
sudo apt-get update

# Searching for the needed files, and installing them

wget --quiet "http://ppa.launchpad.net/$(echo $1 | sed -e 's/ppa://g')/ubuntu/dists/$(lsb_release -sc)/main/binary-amd64/Packages" -O /tmp/add-ppa/packages.html

grep "Package:" "/tmp/add-ppa/packages.html" >> /tmp/add-ppa/packages.txt

cat /tmp/add-ppa/packages.txt | sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\n/ /g' >> /tmp/add-ppa/packages_stripped_file.txt

cat /tmp/add-ppa/packages_stripped_file.txt | sed 's|Package:||g' >> /tmp/add-ppa/packages_stripped_file2.txt

sudo apt-get install $(grep -vE "^\s*#" /tmp/add-ppa/packages_stripped_file2.txt  | tr "\n" " ")

else
 exit 0
fi

else

echo "$(lsb_release -sc) is not supported"

fi;

#Cleanup

rm -r /tmp/add-ppa/

usage:

None supported ppa's

./support.sh ppa:m-gehre/ppa
saucy is not supported

supported ppa's

./support.sh ppa:banshee-team/ppa
saucy is supported
Do you wish to add the ppa to your sources list, and install the binaries [y/n] ??

Adding it to your sources list
...
Refreshing your sources list
...
sudo apt-get install
....

See the script in action:

Automatic ppa checker and adder - YouTube
gist.github.com: blade1989 - add-ppa

For a more up to date script, check the gist link

Improved it. Original answer by Wilf


Why unmount a partition before overwriting the disk?

umount un-mounts file systems.

This is needed here because it would be bad if you overwrote the partition while it is still mounted and possibly accessed by any application. You'd get errors.

See man umount for more information about the command.


The system(...) function in C takes a command as string (which is a char array in C) and passes it to the operating system's default command processor/shell to execute it.

On Windows, this would by done by cmd.exe, which has an internal command pause that prints something like "Press any key to continue..." and waits for a keyboard event before it quits.

However, Ubuntu luckily does not have cmd.exe, but uses sh here as its default shell (which is dash internally), which does not have a pause command. You can use something like this instead:

read -p 'Press Enter to continue...' var

See What is the bash equivalent of DOS's pause command? and What is the Linux equivalent to DOS pause? (Stack Overflow) for more info, but note that C calls sh here and not bash.

So in your C code, the line could be replaced with:

system("read -p 'Press Enter to continue...' var");

This would make your program runnable only on Linux systems with sh-compatible shells though, it would no  longer work on Windows in this form.

However, please note that the use of system("pause"); or similar (even platform-independent) alternatives is generally discouraged for reasons explained well in system(“pause”); - Why is it wrong?


GCC warning: This configuration is not supported in the following subdirectories. What does it means?

From gcc-help mailing list:

  On Wed, 19 Feb 2020 at 02:33, Xi Ruoyao wrote:

  Target zlib is only necessary for libphobos (which is then used by D
  runtime) and target libffi is only necessary for Go runtime.  D and Go
  are not enabled by default.

Since, as I said, I'm not interested in such languages, this is not a problem :)


What makes specific services (apache2, mysql) autostart?

Ubuntu uses both sysvinit as well as upstart for runlevel.

What you can do for apache2 as I think apache2 doesnot have upstart configuration is:

update-rc.d -f apache2 remove

and for mysql. You need to edit /etc/init/mysql.conf

Search for line start on and comment it with #

#start on runlevel [2345]

Basically scripts and configuration which are started are located on

/etc/init.d/

/etc/init/

/etc/init/ is for upstart configuration

Also you can use BootUp-Manager [Graphical Application] to disable services of /etc/init.d/ but I donot think it works for /etc/init/

Just do:

sudo apt-get install bum


Get Windows 10 like application tray of Feren OS in GNOME Shell

Not sure if how easy (or if possible at all) it is to get something like that in GNOME 3, but the GNOME Shell extension called Gno-Menu provides a pretty decent application menu.

  Gno-Menu is a traditional styled full featured Gnome-Shell apps menu, that aims to offer all the essentials in a simple uncluttered intuitive interface.


http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1467788 <- similar thread with the same laptop in question. Do refer to it.

You can install Ubuntu 64-bit version easily. However, I recommend that you burn a Live CD and use it first to see if all (or most of) your drivers are working. Your laptop has enough RAM. Enjoy!


On the systems since Ubuntu 16.04+ (where OS uses systemd), according to the doc, autostart on boot can be turned off by:

$ sudo systemctl disable docker.service
$ sudo systemctl disable docker.socket

Note that if you do not disable the socket as well as the service then the service will get started anyways as the socket depends on it.


This is a graphical helper to find the xrandr --tranform parameters.


Which programs use the new "Online Accounts"?

The idea is that those types of accounts should be configured in one place and then all other programs can get your identities. Your email clients, IM clients, VoIP, photo albums, etc.

Obviously, any tool must exist before applications can start to use it, so it's no surprise that many applications doesn't use this yet. I thought at least Empathy would use this now, though?


Downloading Garmin Express to connect with Vivofit

Unfortunately, this plugin does not support Vivofit from Garmin. The only solution, I think, is to emulate Windows in VirtualBox.


When I create VirtualHost in .conf file and /etc/init.d/apache2 reload error

I was able to solve my error changing default.conf file in /etc/apache2/sites-available folder and creating directories to hold 'Access.log' file.

So I created VirtualHost last line CustomLog combined changed as CustomLog /var/log/access/website/access.log combined

Then default.conf file was as follows...

<VirtualHost 192.168.1.100>
     ServerAdmin webmast@new.lk
     DocumentRoot /var/www/website
     DirectoryIndex home.html
     ServerName www.mynewsite.lk
     Serveralias www.mysite.lk
     ErrorLog /var/log/error/website/error.log
     CustomLog /var/log/access/website/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

And I made directories to hold 'Access.log'

sudo mkdir /var/log/access
sudo mkdir /var/log/access/website

Then I could 'reload/start' my apache server without any errors. And I was able to run my home.html file using www.mynewsite.lk and www.mysite.lk which I created 'Virtual Host' links.


Lubuntu 14.04 internet connection very slow (ethernet)

The Linux kernel bug tracker has a bug against this driver that relates to your issue. There are workarounds mentioned in the bug.

I would suggest that you get yourself an account on their Bugzilla and subscribe yourself to the bug. Make sure to point out that it's still relevant in 3.13, since the last comment suggests it was relevant in 3.2. This leads people to think it's not very relevant any more and they pass over it when looking for bugs to fix. It would be good if you could test all of the boot options and see which works best.

tl;dr this is a known issue. Boot with one of the following to get around the problem:

acpi=off
acpi=ht
processor.max_cstate=1
idle=poll
nolapic_timer

You can permanently add one or more of these to your boot by following these instructions.


Yes of course, you can develop applications both in Python 2 and Python 3 with PyGtk.

Check here how to use PyGtk for Python 3 or here for Python 2

Also you can use Quickly (video) which will generate much of the boilerplate code and make your project easier to release.


Ubuntu 16.04 FileNotFoundError when the program is run from another folder

You need to add path to the file before its name, in the script. It looks that your file - form.ui - is in the same directory where the script is located. So you need to get the current location of the script and put this path before the file name.

For example, let's assume you just want to print (on the screen) the content of the file form.ui, and:

you using bash. The script must looks like:

#!/bin/bash
DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
cat "$DIR/form.ui"

you using php. The script must looks like:

<?php
    $DIR = realpath(dirname(__FILE__));
    echo file_get_contents("$DIR/".'form.ui');
?>

Where the variable $DIR contains the path to your script.


In case of corruption of grub, you should try to reinstall grub by this command sudo grub-install /dev/sda replacing sda by your HDD while you are booted into your Operating System. Next run sudo update-grub


Ok, I found the answer myself.

First I needed to add multiverse to my /etc/apt/sources.list:

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates main universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main universe multiverse

afterwards I added the i386 architecture:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

now after an apt-get update I am able to install it.

sudo apt-get install steamcmd


Is it possible to highlight a text and to use a keyboard shortcut?

A simple sequence can do this:

Ctrl+C (Copy to clipboard)
Ctrl+Alt+T (Open a terminal)
Ctrl+Shift+V (Paste from clipboard)

If you're confident in your highlighting abilities, you could probably shorten that to:

Ctrl+Alt+T (Open a terminal)
Shift+Insert (Paste from selection clipboard)

But is there one shortcut that does all this? No, not by default.


Quick and insecure fix WARNING: the change disables certificate validation. Use at your own risk.

Until PycURL is fixed you can edit file /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/imagestore/lib/fetch.py on fetch method after the line 142 add

curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0)
curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0)

Restart the image-store-proxy

And also update godaddy certificates:

sudo wget -P /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/ --no-check-certificate https://certs.godaddy.com/repository/gd-class2-root.crt https://certs.godaddy.com/repository/gd_intermediate.crt https://certs.godaddy.com/repository/gd_cross_intermediate.crt
sudo update-ca-certificates


This may be a problem with the package install for 14.0.4.  On 16.0.4:

$sudo apt-get install xvfb
$Xvfb :99 -screen 0 1024x768x24 > /dev/null &

$ xdpyinfo -display :99 | grep "number of extensions"  -A 25
number of extensions:    25
    BIG-REQUESTS
    Composite
    DAMAGE
    DOUBLE-BUFFER
    DPMS
    GLX
    Generic Event Extension
    MIT-SCREEN-SAVER
    MIT-SHM
    Present
    **** RANDR ****
    RECORD
    RENDER
    SECURITY
    SGI-GLX
    SHAPE
    SYNC
    X-Resource
    XC-MISC
    XFIXES
    XINERAMA
    XInputExtension
    XKEYBOARD
    XTEST
    XVideo


I can't upgrade ubuntu 12.04 to 14.04 because of a dropbox upgrading problem

I had the same problem. The upgrades blocked on downloading dropbox. I opened a terminal and killed the dropbox update proces (usr/bin/python /usr/bin/dropbox update). Doing so made the upgrade continue.

I will probably have to upgrade dropbox manually after the kubuntu upgrade has finished.


Will ubuntu get better at supporting notebooks with switchable graphics?

I personally have Ubuntu on a laptop with switchable graphics, and Catalyst Control Center works fine for switching between cards and I don't have any graphical issues. Did you try installing the proprietary AMD driver? (see here)


Trouble installing Nvidia drivers because of the disabled secure boot

(Before you continue: make sure you have an external copy ("backup") of all precious things on your computer.)

There is probably no need to enable secure boot.

You can try removing the shim-signed package like this:

sudo apt-get remove shim-signed
sudo apt-get install nvidia-driver-410

You will need to reboot before the driver is loaded in Ubuntu.


Having trouble installing kubuntu/Ubuntu 14.04 on my computer

Try looking at the system log files. You can find most of them in the /var/log directory. I would suggest you start with the boot.log and bootstrap.log files. There are also some program files in that directory. If you find a program that is suspect in a log I would then go and find the log files for that program to investigate the problem further.

The log files can be accessed either by using the file explorer or opening a terminal window and typing the following commands:

cd /var/log
ls
nano nameoffile.log

Example log file name

nano boot.log

nano is a command that opens a simple text editor for you to read the file from the terminal window. "ls" is the list function, it will list all sub-directories. "cd" is the change directory command and will allow you to move directories. I don't know if you are using a version of Ubuntu with a graphical interface or not so I included the necessary terminal commands.


this is what I have right now, in some time I'll make a script to make all this automatic in the startup, but meanwhile I hope it works for you.

I'm assuming you are using OpenVPN if you are not you'll have to get the idea and then translate it to your VPN program.

First you need to go to /etc/openvpn and make a file called VPNconfig with two lines (with your real values)

VPN_User
VPN_Password

Now for all your .ovpn files in /etc/openvpn you should replace

auth-user-pass

with

auth-user-pass VPNconfig.txt VPNconfig.txt

That will make sure that you don't have to write user and password each time you log in (it's also highly insecure so beware of what password you use for your VPN, make it sure it's not you password for everything else)

Now I'll make an alias in /root/.bashrc

alias vpn='cd /etc/openvpn/ && openvpn /etc/openvpn/Your_VPN_Ovpn_File.ovpn'

So when you startup you just open a terminal and run

sudo su
vpn

To make sure your IP doesn't get revealed when the VPN disconnects you should use an iptables script, you know it follow the steps specified here, specially check the answer of windom at the bottom of the first page. If you use other VPN than PIA you will have to modify the script to fetch your IP ranges.

That script generates the two files specified in the first post iptables-vpn and iptables-novpn.

You would also like to avoid DNS leaks, for that append at the start of each .ovpn

up /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf
down /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf
--script-security 2

and check if it worked here

So as gertvdijk has said you need the connection to access the VPN, so the order would be, connect to VPN, then execute ./iptables-vpn and now you will be secure of VPN disconnections, the problem is that if it disconnects you will have to manually set it up executing ./iptables-novpn , reset the VPN connection, and then turn back on the iptables-vpn.

There is a quicker way with a python script using netifaces but I'm still using this... Hope it helped!


monitor and permit or disallow internet traffic

TuxGuardian, Leopard Flower, and Program Guard are linux programs that will prompt a user when any program tries to access the network, thus allowing the user to choose allow or don't allow. Unforunately these are all small projects, so they aren't distro specific which makes installation very hard.

pgrd.sourceforge.net/

tuxguardian.sourceforge.net/

leopardflower.sourceforge.net/


How can I successfully boot my Ubuntu Live USB?

You have very new graphics hardware, which is known to have compatibility issues with the open source nouveau drivers, especially when it comes to the NVIDIA GTX 10xx GPU adapter series.

Boot the Ubuntu installation media you have created and select 'Try Ubuntu without installing'.
Press the E key and add the parameter nouveau.modeset=0 at the end of the linux line.
(Note : Set a Space between the last character in the linux line and nouveau.modeset=0)
Press the F10 key to boot into the Ubuntu Live desktop and start the installation of Ubuntu.

After the installation has finished, boot into BIOS and select Ubuntu as the default system to boot.
Add the same parameter again when booting the freshly installed Ubuntu system for the first time.
Now, before doing something else ... install the latest stable NVIDIA drivers from a virtual console.

When the login screen appears press : Ctrl+Alt+F1
Enter your user name and the password, then execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nvidia-375 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

Additional information : Do not forget to disable Fast startup and Hibernation in Windows.
In case that the USB still doesn't boot properly, use the parameter nomodeset instead of nouveau.modeset=0. If this also does not work : create a new and properly booting USB installation media as explained in chat and described in the answer to an earlier question.

If none of the boot parameter options provided in the comments below work - alternatively
burn the ISO file to a DVD and boot from this media to install the Ubuntu operating system.

Regarding the error message in the screenshot can’ t open /dev/sr0: no medium found ...
The kernel does not recognize or can not find a DVD. When you burn the ISO file to a DVD and boot from the DVD installation media, the error message most probably will not appear anymore.


having trouble installing canopy 1.7.2 on my ubutu 12.04 amd64 computer

When you open a terminal, you are in your home directory: $HOME. The Downloads folder is a subdirectory of your $HOME, so it's $HOME/Downloads. Therefore, to run a script in that directory you need to either:

Move into that directory first and then run it:

cd Downloads
bash canopy-1.7.2-rh5-64.sh

Use the full path

bash Downloads/canopy-1.7.2-rh5-64.sh


Probably a corrupt package systemtap: Ubuntu is using Debian packages as is, not all packages are tested or rebuilt to "[name]-ubuntu". Debian bug reports https://www.google.com/webhp?hl=all&gws_rd=ssl#hl=en&q=Debian+systemtap+bug+report .. Ubuntu bug reports https://www.google.com/webhp?hl=all&gws_rd=ssl#hl=en&q=ubuntu+systemtap+bug+report

Ubuntu 19.04 with linux-5.0.0-27-generic :

$ sudo apt remove systemtap
$ sudo apt install g++ make git libelf-dev libdw-dev

$ git clone git://sourceware.org/git/systemtap.git
$ cd systemtap/
$ ./configure && make         // no errors
$ sudo make install

$ sudo stap -e 'probe begin { printf("Hello, World!\n"); exit() }'
[sudo] password for knudfl:
Hello, World!


Ubuntu is not booting - "No init fount. Try passing init= bootarg." , Install from Windows (Wubi)

I found the following instructions from here under the section "How can I access my Wubi install and repair my install if it won't boot?"

It worked for me with little changes as below:

Boot using Ubuntu live USB/CD
Go in System -> Administration -> "Disk Utility" (For 10.04, for other Ubuntu version somehow reach to "Disk Utility")

Make sure your partitions where Wubi created the root.disk file is mounded. If not, you have to mount it with the "Mount Volume" button.
You should see the root.disk here -

/host/ubuntu/disks/root.disk

(Note: In your case the name can be different for "host")
Perform file system check on this file as below:

sudo fsck /host/ubuntu/disks/root.disk

It corrects the corruption using the above command
Reboot the machine
Enjoy your Ubuntu


Press the SUPER key (windows key). Search for 'displays`. Open it (logo is a screen with a scale). Now, choose your resolution.

UPDATE:

It's possible that your GPU drivers are interfering; or that your hw isn't 3D-capable. Please post the result of the following command:

$ /usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p

A. If you're using nVidia drivers:

Run the following command to remove them, and reboot:

$sudo apt-get purge nvidia-current
$sudo apt-get remove nvidia-current-updates
$sudo apt-get remove nvidia-experimental-304

Or just open Synaptic and search for nvidia, delete everything that you see now.

Reboot the system. See if everything's working. Run this command to check if Unity-3D will work:

$ /usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p

Reboot again. Reinstall latest nVidia drivers:

$ sudo apt-get install nvidia-current-updates

B. If using AMD/ATI GPU drivers:

Run the following command to remove them, and reboot:

$ sudo apt-get purge fglrx

Don't reinstall them as ATI cards currently don't support Unity-3D.


Your config is busted.

Dec 21 17:23:50 ferhat-MS-7996 nginx [23904]: nginx: [emerg] unexpected "}" in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:63

This is the actual error - you have an unexpected closing curly bracket somewhere in your configuration.  You need to fix that problem before NGINX can fully start.

Without all of your configs, I can't help solve where your problem is, so you'll have to go hunting yourself to make sure your curly brackets are all properly balanced against each other.


Lost A Partition when upgraded from Win 7 to ubuntu 13.04

If I'm not mistaken, the installer has a well said warning that it will delete all your Windows programs, documents, photos, music, and any other files. The correct method of installation is using Something else, then manually deleting and creating the partitions yourself. Also, you should had a backup! The installer did what it was supposed to do, delete everything and install Ubuntu.


Can evince pdf reader be setup to do larger zoom than 400%?

It seems an optimization in the use of memory. If the page cache size is increased, evince will allow larger zoom levels.

This can be done from the terminal, allowing to zoom up to around 2700%, with:

gsettings set org.gnome.Evince page-cache-size 2014


Temporary Solution

This solution will last as long as the current session. Once you turn off the computer, this modification is erased.

Add scroll lock as a modifying key by commanding xmodmap -e "add mod3 = Scroll_Lock"

Less Temporary Solution

This solution will persist across sessions, but once you upgrade the operating system, this modification is erased.

Open with admin privilege the XKB configuration file located at /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/us
Modify it by adding modifier_map Mod3 { Scroll_Lock }; at the end of xkb_symbols "basic"
Reset the XKB layout cache by executing sudo rm -f /var/lib/xkb/* and sudo rm -f /var/lib/lib/xkb/*

Permanent Solution

The scroll lock key needs to be enabled by default. I have added a ticket to X.org's Bugzilla site where you can leave your comment and let them know that this bug affects you.


I lost data while changing os from windows to ubuntu 18.04

First of all shutdown your computer and don't load your newly installed Ubuntu 18.04 until recovery process will be completed. This point is most important for your at the moment.

Next you have to load your computer from Ubuntu Live USB and to try to recover your data using two utilities: testdisk and photorec, which is part of testdisk.

Start from testdisk in Ubuntu Live following the beginners guide How To Recover Deleted Files In Linux and continue with the article PhotoRec - Recover Deleted or Lost Files in Linux

Always prefer to use external drives to save your recovered data - it's best practice of data recovery.


gcc: error: –version: No such file or directory

What you're seeing is because you have copied an en dash, not a normal hyphen.  An en dash won't work here, and that's why you get the error.

This is the typical output on a 16.04 machine when you run with --version (the correct notation):

% gcc --version
gcc (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.4) 5.4.0 20160609
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

(This may differ slightly on your system - I run multiple GCC versions for different tasks, but the point is that an en dash doesn't work, but two standard hyphens will)


Compilation error /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lz

That would be libz.so that you are missing, or are just failing to pick up.

$ locate libz
/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libz.so.1
/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libz.so.1.2.3.4
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1.2.3.4

If present, fix the library search path in the makefile.
If missing, install it (maybe a devl package) from:

$ apt-file search libz.so
lib32z1: /usr/lib32/libz.so.1
lib32z1: /usr/lib32/libz.so.1.2.3.4
lib32z1-dev: /usr/lib32/libz.so
lsb-build-base3: /usr/lib/lsb3/libz.so
zlib1g: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1
zlib1g: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1.2.3.4
zlib1g-dbg: /usr/lib/debug/lib/libz.so.1.2.3.4
zlib1g-dbg: /usr/lib/debug/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1.2.3.4
zlib1g-dbg: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib32/libz.so.1.2.3.4
zlib1g-dev: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so


Can I use my Samsung Note 8 pen and device as a stylus for my laptop?

The KDE connect app seems to do what I requested.
KDE connect is an app that connects your phone and laptop over Wifi.  (I haven't tried other methods)
With this app, you can share input, files and possibly more.


switch between nvidia and intel gpu without reboot

Seems like GDM3 was the culprit, changed to lightDM and now it works perfectly.

From reading on this subject, I figured out that prime-switch 0.8.8 (the one used in Ubuntu 18.04) requires a full restart, while 0.8.5 (used in 17.10) works with just login\logout with lightDM.

An unofficial workaround for 18.04 is available here


How do I make apt-get install less noisy?

The man page for apt-get is as follows:

NAME
       apt-get - APT package handling utility -- command-line interface

SYNOPSIS
       apt-get [-asqdyfmubV] [-o=config_string] [-c=config_file] [-t=target_release]
               [-a=architecture] {update | upgrade | dselect-upgrade | dist-upgrade |
               install pkg [{=pkg_version_number | /target_release}]...  | remove pkg...  |
               purge pkg...  | source pkg [{=pkg_version_number | /target_release}]...  |
               build-dep pkg [{=pkg_version_number | /target_release}]...  |
               download pkg [{=pkg_version_number | /target_release}]...  | check | clean |
               autoclean | autoremove | {-v | --version} | {-h | --help}}

The -q or -qq flag should go before the command, like so:

apt-get -qq upgrade


MySQL broken. Plugin "FEDERATED" is disabled. Plugin "InnoDB" is disabled

I found the solution to this problem. I needed to completely uninstall MySQL, its databases, and configuration, and restore from backups. This was accomplished with:

apt-get remove mysql-client-5.5 mysql-client-core-5.5 mysql-common mysql-proxy mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server-core-5.5

and

apt-get purge mysql-client-5.5 mysql-client-core-5.5 mysql-common mysql-proxy mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server-core-5.5

and then reinstalling mysql-server.

It was an extreme solution, but MySQL was extremely broken.


This is the systemd-resolved that provides network name resolution to local applications via a D-Bus interface. See here

Although I don't quiet get why it is running on a public address. This does not seem to be the default. One could firewall the port or re-configure the service.


Try with

sudo apt-get install -f

It should remove Java. Then reinstall it
You can also try with Synaptic (if you have already installed it)

sudo synaptic

Or just

sudo apt-get remove --purge *java*

And then reinstall java


How to install Ubuntu and boot on Toshiba Satellite?

I own a Toshiba Satellite C50-B-14Z and did install Ubuntu Mate 14.04.1 LTS and works "Out Of The Box" except for screen dimming, but that's all talking about malfunction.

I've put an Samsung SSD 840 Evo in the machine to make ik much meaner (...).

After installing in UEFI mode I got the same "problems" but after turning CSM on/UEFI off and re-install Ubuntu (sorry, you háve to re-install...) it works flawlessly.

Erik


How to delete the history of a specific user in Empathy?

The logs (since Empathy 2.31.4) are saved in ~/.local/share/TpLogger/logs.
 Take a look there, and delete the file of the specific user.


Debian Package Creation- how to define environment variables within the package

Best I can suggest is two debs. The first one lobotomises sudo's prerm script. The second one depends on sudo-ldap. This approach wouldn't work with APT (installing both in one run) because there's no guarantee that the lobotomisation package would be installed first. However, if driven through gdebi, it should work.

Do you actually need sudo-ldap? Normal sudo works with LDAP, it just doesn't get the sudoers configuration from LDAP...


Grub error on Ubuntu 16.04 installation: "grub-efi-amd64-signed failed" after windows installed on just one partition

On Ubuntu bootable USB I used boot repair, then Ubuntu appeared as an option.

I entered on ubuntu and used boot repair again, then grub identified Windows


New MAC-address, now I have no network-access

Since your mac address have changed you no longer have an interface called eth0, this name is reserved for an interface with the "old" mac-address. The "new" interface should have the next free name (eg. ethN).

To see all the interfaces on the machine you can use this command: ifconfig -a

If you want to reset the name reservations for network interfaces you can remove the file /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules and restart the machine (or remove/insert the device, though this is not possible in this case).

Alternatively you can change the interface-name that you have configured to what ever the new one is called by changing all occurences of the old name with the new one in the file /etc/network/interfaces


Might need a custom terminal to get this sort of functionality in all circumstances but for things like tail -f the following python3 script should work:

#!/usr/bin/python3

import shutil
import sys

try:
  from termcolor import cprint
except:
  print("Error: please install the python3-termcolor package")
  sys.exit(1)

def expandtabs(line):
  """Tabs don't seem to be highlighted so expand them to spaces"""
  result = ""
  col = 0
  for c in line:
    if c == "\t":
      next_col = 8 * ((col // 8) + 1)
      result += " " * (next_col - col)
      col = next_col
    else:
      result += c
      col += 1
  return result

def pad(line, n):
  """Pad a line until it is a multiple of n, to avoid jagged highlighting"""
  while (len(line) % n) != 0:
    line += " "
  return line

# Get the width of the terminal
cols, rows = shutil.get_terminal_size()

try:
  odd = True
  for line in sys.stdin:
    if odd:
      cprint(pad(expandtabs(line.rstrip()), cols), "white", "on_grey")
    else:
      cprint(pad(expandtabs(line.rstrip()), cols), "grey", "on_white")
    odd = not odd
except KeyboardInterrupt:
  sys.exit(0)

If saved as zebra.py someplace in your path, it can be added to commands such as:

cat /proc/cpuinfo | zebra.py
tail -f /var/log/kern.log | zebra.py

It requires the python3-termcolor package and at least Python 3.3 to use the shutil.get_terminal_size function. There is plenty of room for improvement, could try the python3-xtermcolor package to gain more than just the few colors at https://pypi.python.org/pypi/termcolor, add functionality to read files from the command line instead of just stdin, etc.

I'm not sure it makes output much easier to read, but it certainly looks neat.


the freeze usually indicates improper reserved memory try to increase it 128M at a time

your crashkernel parameter in grub config would look like this:

384M-:256M

increase the 256M gradually


Is there a way to install 13.10 on btrfs and full disk encryption?

I did some further investigation, and it seems: there is no easy answer.

The thing that is actually pretty easy:

Do a fresh install of Ubuntu, including the automatic full disk encryption using LUKS and volume management
Right after installation, boot the computer using some external USB/DVD linux
From that "USB Linux", use luksOpen and the device mapper to mount the (ext4) partitions
Then use the btrfs tooling to change the partition to btrfs
Update /etc/fstab (for the root partition you just changed) to reflect root is now btrfs, and no longer ext4

I tried that with a 14.04 installation, and it worked without any problem.
BUT: just doing that doesn't make too much sense - in my eyes btrfs is only useful if more of its built-in features are used; for example using btrfs subvolumes instead of lvm groups; and btrfs raid1 for "immediate" backup support. Just using it like ext4 doesn't bring benefits; just performance impacts.


I have an Intuos Pen&Touch Medium (CTH-680) and was able to get it working in 13.10 using the information here:

http://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=42&t=110408

The need to manually patch and compile the kernel support may sound frightening at first, but by carefully following the instructions, I succeeded at this as a relative layman.

If I understand correctly and you're using one of the new models like me, you'll want to pay close attention to the P&T-specific instructions in post 3 of the thread. These are where the patching comes in.

Getting the tablet working in general is easy; getting the buttons working including hotplugging is fiddly and I never succeeded at it. The script for the Wacom Manga submitted by a user at the end of the thread got the buttons on my P&T working once I added made that script executable and added it to my Startup Applications. The difference between "working" and "working including hotplugging" is that if I unplug and tablet and plug it back in, the buttons don't work until I run the script again.

It seems that 14.04 will support the new Intuoses out of the box, by the way.


How to install Nvidia driver for CUDA only in Ubuntu 16.04?

To install Nvidia drivers easily just open up

Settings -> Software & Updates -> Additional Drivers

give it a few seconds to auto refresh its list then pick the latest Nvidia driver version ... currently 367.35 which is stable yet very recent

After a reboot you can then install the CUDA SDK

PS.  If you ignore above advice and instead install Nvidia drivers manually (which I have done many times) early on everyone always gets that error message :  "pre-installation script failed"  ... just ignore that notice since it has NO baring on eventual success or failure of the install


I never figured out how to properly install CC version of Photoshop on Linux. Even tho I successfully installed it, it was buggy. However, for a while now, I am using Photoshop CS6 on Linux (Kubuntu 16.04, Gubuntu 17.04) without many troubles:

I found this answer helpful:

https://www.quora.com/How-can-I-install-photoshop-CS6-on-ubuntu#

Which I quote from:

Vandolph C. Reyes, Full Stack Web Developer
Updated Oct 3, 2016

  I’m using ubuntu 16.04 and I just installed cs6 few months ago. It was
  very tricky and very hard because most of the tutorials from the
  internet doesn’t work for me until I find my own solution.

  Most tutorials are using complete file or installer of photoshop. In
  my version I only tried the portable and it works for me.

  1: Download the executable file. I forgot where I downloaded this file
  so I will just upload and share it you. Check this link
  https://mega.nz/#!qMs3xRKA!PQmHq...

  2: Install wine - http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2015/12/install-wine-1-8-stable-new-ppa/

  3: Install playonlinux PlayOnLinux - https://blogs.pennmanor.net/1to1/2014/10/28/playonlinux/

  4: Install the cs6 using play on linux
   4.1 click install a program
   4.2 search for adobe photoshop cs6
   4.3 then choose the portable file and install (remember where you installed the photoshop)

At this point everything was working fine for me, but in case you get some errors, this might help:

  After this, you will be able to install photoshop but here’s the
  tricky part. During the installation, it will show you that
  installation was just keep on going even though you already running
  it. But after you close the photoshop, it was not installed on
  playonlinux and you can’t run it from it’s directory.

  But here’s what solution I found.

  4.3.1 open playonlinux
  4.3.2 click “configure” on top-right
  4.3.3 select “photoshopcs6” on the top-left
  4.3.4 then click “miscellaneous” on the last tab
  4.3.5 lastly, click “Run a .exe file in this virtual drive” and locate the directory of the installed photoshop and select the .exe

  And your done. Disadvantage: You always need to follow the steps from
  4.3.1 everytime you want to open the cs6. It’s very hassle but atleast, currently I satisfied with my photoshop. Here’s my screenshot
  taken few minutes ago. I hope it works in your end too. Goodluck.


What should I do overall after an update creates a login loop

reboot using the older kernel.

  so rebooted the machine using the previous version of Ubuntu on the grub(?) screen.

Good choice :)

Start up a terminal session and head over to /var/log and start examining the logs. Do a ls -ltr 1st to see what log got changed and use tools like more, less to find the lines that indicated a problem (scan for words like "error", "critical", "retry"). Most likely there is a repetitive action inside these logs (a log that has become rather large over a small period is an indication of a log that needs examining). When you find one google it and see if it has a fix, apply the fix and reboot.

If all goes well you fixed the problem.

If not you can still re-install. But a re-install might bring back the same problem so besides time consuming it might also not be a fix.


Set i915 to low-power /Reduce thermal throttling

Thermald in software center will do it, its a program designed by Intel to take advantage via the pstate and RAPL in kernel. Your temps are high for normal browsing as well. I use nvidia-prime on my laptop and even during heavy browsing or playing movies, my temp never goes over 55. I did a prime test and max temp was 75 on my IV gen i7 before Thermald clamped it down.