By this point (which is 3 years after the question been posted) different wordings of this question have been asked so many times, that you can probably find much more detailed and interesting answers with a search engine. But, just so this question has an actual answer, let me quote one from the unix.stackexchange site:

  Both upstart and systemd are attempts to solve some of the problems with the limitations of the traditional SysV init system.  For example, some services need to start after other services (for example, you can't mount NFS filesystems until the network is running), but the only way in SysV to handle that is to set the links in the rc#.d directory such that one is before the other.  Add to that, you might need to re-number everything later when dependencies are added or changed.  Upstart and Systemd have more intelligent settings for defining requirements.  Also, there's the issue with the fact that everything is a shell script of some sort, and not everyone writes the best init scripts.  That also impacts the speed of the startup.

  Some of the advantages of systemd I can see:

  Every process started gets its own cgroup or a particular cgroup.
  Pre-creation of sockets and file handles for services, similar to how xinetd does for it's services, allowing dependent services to start faster.  For example, systemd will hold open the filehandle for /dev/log for syslog, and subsequent services that send to /dev/log will have their messages buffered until syslogd is ready to take over.
  Fewer processes run to actually start a service.  This means you aren't writing a shell script to start up your service.  This can be a speed improvement, and (IMO) something easier to set up in the first place.

  One disadvantage I know of is that to take advantage of systemd's socket/FH preallocation, many daemons will have to be patched to have the FH passed to them by systemd.

The biggest myths blog post
about systemd also has this point:

  Myth: systemd was created as result of the NIH syndrome.

  This is not true. Before we began working on systemd we were pushing for Canonical's Upstart to be widely adopted (and Fedora/RHEL used it too for a while). However, we eventually came to the conclusion that its design was inherently flawed at its core (at least in our eyes: most fundamentally, it leaves dependency management to the admin/developer, instead of solving this hard problem in code), and if something's wrong in the core you better replace it, rather than fix it. This was hardly the only reason though, other things that came into play, such as the licensing/contribution agreement mess around it. NIH wasn't one of the reasons, though..


16.04 - Laptop cuts power when headphones were plugged in

Try this:

sudo -H gedit /etc/default/tlp

Replace

SOUND_POWER_SAVE_ON_BAT=1

with

SOUND_POWER_SAVE_ON_BAT=0

Save the file and exit, then run

sudo service tlp restart


How to install the newest xserver-xorg-video-intel on 18.04 Bionic?

There's an available PPA that "provides updated X (2D) and mesa (3D) free graphics drivers for radeon, intel and nvidia hardware"; it can be used via:

add-apt-repository -y ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers
apt update
apt install xserver-xorg-video-intel

For reference, the current PPA version (2:2.99.917+git1903011933.6afed3~oibaf~b) fixes the instability problem mentioned.


External-hdd installation through live-usb

Overall just start the installation but when it gets to the page where it asks you to select install location and such select "something else" then set the bootloader install location to the external hdd and the / mount point on it as well.


MacOS-style Opening files via console with their default applications

Try xdg-open <your-file>.

   xdg-open opens a file or URL in the user's preferred application. If a
   URL is provided the URL will be opened in the user's preferred web
   browser. If a file is provided the file will be opened in the preferred
   application for files of that type. xdg-open supports file, ftp, http
   and https URLs.


It's not the exactly 1-5, but 1-4 you get for free with "Guest Session" in Ubuntu.

It might be a good starting point.

Here is a tutorial how to customize the guest session.


Eclipse not showing Pydev in Preferences

it seems that you installed pydev with wrong version. remember check your java version(by typing java -version in console). if it says 1.6.X, then you should NOT check "Show only the latest versions of available softerware" option in the first popup window after "Help->Install New Software" clicked. by uncheck that option, you will see a long list versions of pydev, pick 2.8.2. it will work well with your current java version. btw, if your java version is above 1.7, pydev's version should be above 3.0.

good luck!


How can I change the permissions of a folder from create or delete to list files only on a NTFS partition?

On Linux partitions, in Linux (example: ext4, reiserFS)

In Linux, if you don't have the ownership of a file, you wont be able to change the permissions. You can use sudo to change the permissions for a file you don't own.

It is possible to launch Nautilus as root by doing alt+F2, then: gksudo nautilus

The system will ask for your password. This way, you can change any permission on any file. Take care, it is possible to change permissions or delete system files too!

On Windows partitions, in Linux

On partitions like NTFS and Fat, there are not so many rights like in Linux/Unix filesystems:

On Fat partition, there are no right management;
On NTFS partition, ownership can be managed.

Your case

Once a file from a NTFS partition is copied on your desktop, it is on a Linux partition like Ext4. So the file can be managed the Linux way, with all the options about owner, group, other, read, write, execute.


First of all, install dconf-tools.

To do that, run the following command:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Then to open it, type as follows on desktop

Alt+F2 → dconf-editor

Then the software starts and plaese scroll down to

org → gnome → desktop → wm → preferences → mouse-button-modifier

And you can set it to whichever key you like.

<<  You can see the Image here  >>

( Note: This post is written by d3r1ck. I repost this answer because the post was not appropriate for the StackOverflow and I deleted it. )


After upgrading to Ubuntu 15.04 system freezes and compiz usage 100% CPU

Try installing a different desktop.
sudo apt-get install gnome-shell

Or
Which method should I choose to install GNOME?


How do I remove all lines in a file that are less than 6 characters?

There are many ways to do this.

Using grep:

grep -E '^.{6,}$' file.txt >out.txt

Now out.txt will contain lines having six or more characters.

Reverse way:

grep -vE '^.{,5}$' file.txt >out.txt

Using sed, removing lines of length 5 or less:

sed -r '/^.{,5}$/d' file.txt

Reverse way, printing lines of length six or more:

sed -nr '/^.{6,}$/p' file.txt

You can save the output in a different file using > operator like grep or edit the file in-place using -i option of sed:

sed -ri.bak '/^.{6,}$/' file.txt

The original file will be backed up as file.txt.bak and the modified file will be file.txt.

If you do not want to keep a backup:

sed -ri '/^.{6,}$/' file.txt

Using shell, Slower, Don't do this, this is just for the sake of showing another method:

while IFS= read -r line; do [ "${#line}" -ge 6 ] && echo "$line"; done <file.txt

Using python,even  slower than grep, sed:

#!/usr/bin/env python2
with open('file.txt') as f:
    for line in f:
        if len(line.rstrip('\n')) >= 6:
            print line.rstrip('\n')

Better use list comprehension to be more Pythonic:

#!/usr/bin/env python2
with open('file.txt') as f:
     strip = str.rstrip
     print '\n'.join([line for line in f if len(strip(line, '\n')) >= 6]).rstrip('\n')


Remmina RDP windows disappear permanently once minimized

What you could try is in 'edit' 'preferences' 'applet' tab, uncomment the 'disable tray icon'. You should now get the icon in your panel, which you can click to unminimize.
Hope this helps


How do I access a mounted Windows share from the command line?

You can use:
mount -t smbfs //servername/myshare /mnt/servername/myshare -o username=myself
mount.cifs //servername/myshare /mnt/servername/myshare -o user=username,pass=passwordis another option for scripting purposes.
If it doesn't work, try cifs instead of smbfs, aparently cifs works for newer Windows servers, but I've never had to use it.
Where //servername/myshare is the share address, and /mnt/servername/myshare is the mount folder in your system.
Once it's mounted you can access the share at /mnt/servername/myshare via command line.
I found the solution in this Ubuntu Forums: smbclient works, mount -t smbfs doesn't


ubuntu php7 imagick installation problem

It seems you have dependencies issues, try to fix them:

sudo apt-get install -f

From man apt-get:

  -f, --fix-broken
             Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place.
             This option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages
             to permit APT to deduce a likely solution. If packages are
             specified, these have to completely correct the problem. The option
             is sometimes necessary when running APT for the first time; APT
             itself does not allow broken package dependencies to exist on a
             system. It is possible that a system's dependency structure can be
             so corrupt as to require manual intervention (which usually means
             using dpkg --remove to eliminate some of the offending packages).
             Use of this option together with -m may produce an error in some
             situations. Configuration Item: APT::Get::Fix-Broken.


Moving screenshots from one folder to another instantly

You should look into the incron daemon. Similar to cron, but is triggered by file/directory changes. Should be available as a package for most distros.


How to add more functionality to the drop down menus in gnome ubuntu?

You are probably looking for "nautilus extensions". Nautilus is the real name of the file manager used in both Unity and gnome-shell desktops.

You can write extensions:

as scripts (although I think this is sort-of-deprecated)
In C using the gtk libraries
or in various mixed languages

However, for personal experience, expect to find a lot of outdated documentation and a lack of clear, up-to-date documentation around. Probably the best way to get started is to try to dig at the sources of available extensions:

[romano:~] % wajig search nautilus | grep extens
libnautilus-extension-dev - libraries for nautilus components - development version
libnautilus-extension1a - libraries for nautilus components - runtime version
nautilus-share - Nautilus extension to share folder using Samba
nautilus-actions - nautilus extension to configure programs to launch
nautilus-compare - Context menu comparison extension for Nautilus file manager
nautilus-filename-repairer - Nautilus extension for filename encoding repair
nautilus-gtkhash - nautilus extension for computing checksums and more using gtkhash
nautilus-image-converter - nautilus extension to mass resize or rotate images
nautilus-pastebin - Nautilus extension to send files to a pastebin
nautilus-wipe - Secure deletion extension for Nautilus
rabbitvcs-nautilus - Nautilus extension for RabbitVCS
tortoisehg-nautilus - Graphical tool for working with Mercurial (Nautilus extension)
clamtk-nautilus - Nautilus MenuProvider extension for clamtk
nautilus-pushbullet - An extension for Nautilus to send files with pushbullet

..and more, like nautilus-script-manager, nautilus-scripts-manager (yes they're different!), or nautilus-image-manipulator and nautilus-open-terminal.


How to identify which Chrome/Chromium tab is using up CPU?

Pressing Shift + Esc on Windows or Linux, will bring up the Chrome Task Manager with a row for each tab - you can sort by Memory, CPU and a couple of other columns.

Alternatively on all OSes, you can find it through: Menu button → Tools → Task Manager.


Try to install the "Unity Tweak Tool" from Ubuntu Software Center. There is an option where you can activate and deactivate horizontal scrolling.


at the time of partition selection, select manual option which should be last one. then click at the PCLinux drive and delete it and create a partition that space. dont touch the Xp.

everything here is same. What you have to do is you have delete the PCLinux drive and you have to use it for the Ubuntu. That's it.


What gives the systems available shares?

You can use smbclient command

$ smbclient -L server
WARNING: The "syslog" option is deprecated
Enter user's password: # press Enter here for anonymous/guest login
Anonymous login successful

Sharename       Type      Comment
---------       ----      -------
print$          Disk      Printer Drivers
public_share    Disk      Ubuntu Public Share
...


you need to (right-)click on the name of the directory in the topbar (the one with down arrow) i.e. the final subdirectory name - in this example image (click on files).
You cannot do this on opening the first level of the drive but you can if you select a folder.


Wubi on a USB: Can I Keep Files and Programs?

The answer is yes and no. It depends. If you, for example, create three partitions on your flash USB drive like this:

Partition 1 with Live Ubuntu
Partition 2 for your Wubi installation (this partition will be overwritten each time you install a new Wubi)
Partition 3 to be set as home

In such case, if you set each time on every computer installation the same way, your home partition will be untouched.

However, I would recommend not to use Wubi, but an ordinary Ubuntu (or Xubuntu, or even Damn Small Linux) installation on the pendrive. I did the latter once and that worked really well. I've had three computers with Microsoft Windows on each hard drive. On micro-SD cards I had installed 3 Linux systems: Debian Lenny, and on one 8GB flash pendrive I've had my home partition with all my data projects and stuff.
When I needed Linux, I just plugged in the micro-SD card and my home partition pendrive before booting, and I would have had a fully functioning Linux distribution. I am sure you could do the same with Wubi.


Package dependencies cannot be resolved Ubuntu 14.04 vlc-audacius

The following is the code which I used to install vlc on my ubuntu 14.04:

Removing old vlc and its packages: sudo apt-get purge vlc vlc-nox gstreamer1.0-libav:i386 libavcodec-extra-54:i386 libavformat54:i386 libopus0:i386

Adding architecture: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

Then install vlc: sudo apt-get install vlc


Trying to make bootable used in 14.04 for 16.04 but it does not boot

The Startup Disk Creator in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS is not working to create the bootable USB for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS, for what reasons ever...

Try UNetbootin instead, it works flawless on all systems!

Download it from here, insatll it from the Softwarecenter or from the Terminal:

sudo apt-get install unetbootin

The usage of UNetbootin is self-explainable, just give it a try.


I think emacs23-nox is the right package for you.


How to change desktop background to the next/prev background image with mouse right cick menu depending on wallch program?

From man wallch:

   --next
       Proceeds to next image (random image selection if this is selected) if process is running.
   --previous
       It proceeds to the previous image (the selected options doesn't matter, previous pictures are logged).
   --once
       It  just  changes the desktop background choosing from the list. It works both if the wallch is open or not. 2 and more pictures have to be selected for this to work.

I have set up keyboard shortcuts to issue the commands wallch --once command and it works well.


I reckon it is this nvidia bug that is causing your woes:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-graphics-drivers-173/+bug/948053

The 173 nvidia branch is not available as a package for 12.04 and nvidia current doesn't work well for old cards. My solution was to get a new 600 series card, as I hope to avoid this kind of issue come october.

However there are a couple of other solutions.

Solution A use nouveau until the 173 driver is packages (it looks on that bug report that the new driver could be packaged pretty soon, subscribe to the bug report  for email updates)

This will disable the nvidia_current driver and enable nouveau:

sudo jockey-text -d xorg:nvidia_current

Solution B

Download and execute this binary to build a 173 driver which works with the version of x.org precise ships with:
ftp://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86/173.14.35/

This solution will break whenever an updated kernel is released unfortunately and will force you to rebuild the driver


Don't mess with installing older or different versions of programs on your local Ubuntu environment.

Docker is the perfect tool for doing something like that.

There are a lot of ready-made php5 and/or mysql packages available.

You can start with a apache+php5 image and install mysql into it by yourself or even better, use a separate mysql image.

Installation:

sudo apt-get install docker.io


"Error: Unknown filesystem" on all my drives on Grub rescue

The reason you are getting this message is Grub, doesn't understand most file systems by default. Grub Rescue is actually really hard to use, I would advise against using it ever. I would say your best bet is to boot to a usb. The reason it isn't booting to it now is it probably is not configured to in bios (so try changing your bios settings to boot to usb first), or your usb is just being a pain, try reinstalling the os onto the live usb. Once you can get the live usb booted, follow the steps given here:
http://howtoubuntu.org/how-to-repair-restore-reinstall-grub-2-with-a-ubuntu-live-cd


Enter GPG passphrase with Zenity GUI enviroment

I haven't figured out how to do this with pure Zenity, but if you just want the user to input the password in a GUI box, add the following line to the file ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf (create it if it does not exist already):

use-agent


Where can I get a device with 'Ubuntu for phones' pre-installed?

From the 9th February 2015, Canonical's partner, BQ has announced that Ubuntu Touch will be pre-installed and can be purchased on-line.  This phone is intended for the European market only.

Meizu has finally confirmed that it plans to use an MX4 device to present the Ubuntu system at Mobile World Congress 2015 in Barcelona (March 2 and 5). This phone is intended for the European and Chinese market only with April as an expected release month.
Specs
Quad-core 2.2 GHz Cortex A17 processor and a quad-core 1.7 GHz A7 processor, and the two are used in tandem or separately, depending on needs.
It also comes with a 5.36-inch Sharp/JDI display, at a 1920 x 1152 resolution, and Corning Gorilla Glass 3, and a 20.7-megapixel back camera (2MP on the front one).

More on Softpedia

According to OMG! Ubuntu!

America will hear news about an exclusive Ubuntu Phone from an as-yet-unnamed manufacturer in June.


3D not working any more after adding xorg-edgers PPA

Ubuntu 11.10 already brings the latest Intel drivers. Disable your custom PPA and reinstall the drivers:

sudo apt-get remove xserver-xorg-core
sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-video-intel

According to this bug report using the xorg-edgers PPA will likely break your 3d acceleration for Unity.


Installing matplotlib 1.1.0 on Ubuntu 11.10

To elaborate on Oz123's comment, apt-get build-dep foo (or aptitude) allows you to pull all packages needed to build foo from the repositories. Thus, to install the necessary build dependencies for matplotlib, run apt-get build-dep matplotlib


Having trouble connecting to wireless network

There are known issues with the Realtek 819x Wireless N adapters used in Thinkpad 420's and 520's. I am running into the same issues and may just replace the wireless adapter with an Intel component. The wireless gave me no problems in Windows 7 but it looks like we'll have to wait for a stable driver to be released for Linux systems.


Neither I nor Google are aware of any integration of Viber into Pidgin. Therefore it's likely impossible to achieve what you want at the moment (without writing code yourself).

On top of that, I believe it unlikely that we will see a Pidgin plug-in for Viber integration in the near future for the following reasons unless Viber changes its policy:

Viber is closed-source which makes a replication of its client software difficult.
While Viber provides an API for its service it is restricted to public accounts.


The upgrade entailed several different problems which I finally managed to fix:

The upgrade was incomplete. Important packages including the new kernel where not even downloaded. This left the system in an inconsistent state. It was possible to boot the system with one of the old kernels. On a different system I downloaded the kernel packages

linux-generic
linux-image-generic

from http://packages.ubuntu.com/ and saved them on USB storage.

I mounted the storage from the command line

sudo mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb1/ mountpoint

and installed them using

dpkg --force-all -i mountpoint/linux-*

I booted the new kernel and got the network working which appeared in

sudo lshw -C network

as DISABLED. I got it working with

sudo modprobe -v r8169

which loads the kernel module for my network card. However only upon

sudo dhclient eth0

eth0 appeared in the ifconfig list and in sudo lshw -C network. As I could connect to the internet now I fixed the upgrade with

sudo apt-get -f upgrade
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

I had to install several blocked packages with sudo apt-get install [packagename]. And individual ones (in particular one calligra package) with dpkg -i /var/cache/apt/archives/[package] as they had conflicts (common files with different package).

Finally I could boot the complete system but the login manager lightdm still didn't work. Lightdm shows (this is a known bug) a message "low graphics mode". I had to install the package lightdm-kde-greeter and to set greeter-session=lightdm-kde-greeter in the lightdm.conf file.

Finally I had to reinstall sound and graphics related packages to get it those again.


shell script to set time and date on ubuntu

If the system has no way to know the hour, the only thing you can do is trying to save the date-time on shutdown and reload on reboot (as you suggested).

Warning: The following instruction should work with a SystemV-type init system: I have not tested it (I am on a windows machine now) so you have to test them and take them with a bit of salt --- there could be typos.

Warning2 I think that upstart (the modern Ubuntu implementation of init scripts) respect it, but your mileage can vary: test and experiments are needed.You can start from here if you want to do it in a fancier way.

To save the date on shutdown/reboot, you can add a script to the /etc/rc0.d and /etc/rc6.d directory (the first used for shutdown and the latter for reboot). The normal way to do it is to create the script in /etc/init.d and then link the script from there.

All the following commands must be issued as root. Use your preferred method...

So you can create a script /etc/init.d/savedatetime with your favorite editor and the contents:

#!/bin/sh
date +%m%d%H%M%Y.%S > /root/lastseendate.txt

make it executable and then link it (the date format is the one that date is able to read-back, see man date).

chmod +x /etc/init.d/savedatetime
cd /etc/rc0.d/
ln -s ../init.d/savedatetime K99savedatetime
cd /etc/rc6.d/
ln -s ../init.d/savedatetime K99savedatetime

The K99 should make this script the last one executed before shutdown or reboot. If the clock is maintained through a reboot and you want do that only on shutdown, simply skip the last two commands.

Then at reboot you want to read the file. There are a lot of place where to put it, the easiest being /etc/rc.local.

Edit it and put near the start:

[ -f  /root/lastseendate.txt ] && date $(cat /root/lastseendate.txt)
rm -f /root/lastseendate.txt

...and that should be it. Happy hacking!


Way to prevent ARP spoofing is to create a static ARP table on a device, which will be loaded into RAM everytime the operating system is loaded and accessed everytime a device needs to send a frame to a certain device on the LAN, without sending out a ARP request.

Every packet for ip address witch is not in local lan will be send trought default gateway. If you do not use local dns, mail server, ...  we do not need make to many permanent entry in arp table.

You can add static arp with command

sudo arp -i eth0 -s 192.168.1.1 00:e0:1e:b4:12:42

but this will disapear after reboot. For permanent we need to create a file with the IP addresses to MAC addresses mappings:

 sudo nano /etc/network/if-up.d/static-arp

We add the MAC address and IP address of our gateway. Replace “eth0” with your current interface name, the IP field with IP and MAC of your gateway

 #!/bin/sh
 arp -i eth0 -s 192.168.1.1 00:e0:1e:b4:12:42

Save and exit

Change permission

 sudo chmod 755 /etc/network/if-up.d/static-arp

After the restart, the mappings will be shown as follows:

 host1@mydomain:~$ arp -va

 host1.mydomain (192.168.1.1) at XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX [ether] PERM on eth0
 Entries: 1 Skipped: 0  Found: 1

Note the PERM entry in the ARP table.


Use this command to install it from terminal

sudo apt-get install apache2

or install it from software center


Try to download skype and teamviewer (.deb file) by using official web sites.
Skype   https://www.skype.com/en/get-skype/
Teamviwer https://www.teamviewer.com/en/download/linux/

and then open files using software center and install.


umake - no visual studio code launcher icon

Don't install with sudo. ubuntu-make installs software in your own home directory by default (~/.local/share/umake/...).

umake ide visual-studio-code

I got here by also finding out, there is no launcher generated. The binary is located in the base installation directory and can be opened with:

~/.local/share/umake/ide/visual-studio-code/code

So until they fix it, we have to create it manually using any menu-editor (menulibre, alacarte, ...) or creating the .desktop file yourself. Place the file as ~/.local/share/applications/visual-studio-code.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=Visual Studio Code
Icon=/home/dionysius/.local/share/umake/ide/visual-studio-code/resources/app/resources/linux/code.png
Exec="/home/dionysius/.local/share/umake/ide/visual-studio-code/code" %f
Categories=Development;IDE;
Terminal=false

EHEM! Use your home directory instead of /home/dionysius


Migrating to a different distro, but keeping files

No, although the file names and directory structure is similar, it is not exact across distros. In addition the libs are again similar, but different enough that you can not preserve all your system files.

Obviously some system files are going to be the same, but not enough similarity to do as you propose.

Best to back up your data in $HOME and any system files you edited.

Why not dual boot,try running a new distro live, see if you like it. Or use virtualization such as KVM or Virtualbox?


Question about grub. Want to install Ubuntu 20.04 on 2nd hard drive, 1st hard drive already has dual boot win10 and Ubuntu

I apologize for taking so long to respond. UEFI. I was trying to get ahead of myself and do something I shouldn't based on my experience. Ended up just using the installer default options when installing to SSD (dev/sdb). I had originally chosen "something else" option, but must have messed up partitioning when trying to set up separate /, /home and swap partitions and/or pointed boot loader to the wrong drive? Anyways, apologies, this question can be locked if necessary. Thank you!


A .zip.part file is an incomplete piece of a .zip file that has been only partially downloaded. You should either try to download the file again or search for the complete zip file and download that file.

You can download the Linux driver for the Canon i-SENSYS MF4410 multifunction 3-in-1 laser printer from the Canon website at this link. This printer driver provides printing functions for UFRII-enabled Canon printers operating under the CUPS (Common UNIX Printing System) environment, a printing system that operates on Linux operating systems. To use this software, read the online manual
before installing the driver.

The o147jen_linuxufrII_0290.zip archive from the Canon website has the installation instructions for Debian-based operating systems such as Ubuntu in the README-ufr2-2.9xUK.txt file. The installation files for Ubuntu in the zip archive are as follows:

Installation package for the CUPS driver common module used by the Canon UFR II
Printer Driver for Linux
- cndrvcups-common_2.90-X_i386.deb (for Debian 32-bit)
- cndrvcups-common_2.90-X_amd64.deb (for Debian 64-bit)

Installation package for the Canon UFR II Printer Driver for Linux
- cndrvcups-ufr2-uk_2.90-X_i386.deb (for Debian 32-bit)
- cndrvcups-ufr2-uk_2.90-X_amd64.deb (for Debian 64-bit)

If you install "cndrvcups-common" package version 2.90, make sure you install the same version of the "cndrvcups-ufr2" package, i.e. 2.90.

The README-ufr2-2.9xUK.txt also has some other instructions for using the printer in Ubuntu. Search for the keyword Ubuntu in the README file.

Select the installation packages that match the architecture of your operating system, either 32-bit or 64-bit. The way to install a .deb file in Ubuntu is to double click on the .deb file and it will open for installation in the Ubuntu Software Center. Then install it in the Ubuntu Software Center the same way you would install any other package.


Why can't I follow symlinks when I use the file system gui, but in terminal everything works fine?

I'm not sure if this is going to be an answer, but after reading and some comments, I have more ideas, and it's too much for a comment.

Since I don't really know exactly how much you know about mounting drives, I may get too remedial at times, so forgive me if I seem to be talking down to you.  I just don't want to assume too much.

First of all, you don't mention anything about how you are mounting the partitions. There are a few ways to do it, but if you don't explicitly mount it, using either the mount command, or an entry in the file /etc/fstab, then it will still show up in Nautilus, and get mounted automatically the first time you click on it; you will then see an icon to the right, the triangle over a line symbol, indicating that it's mounted (in /media/your_user_name/volume_label).  This might be contributing to what you have described, although it's hard to interpret exactly what you describe.

Now, I am going to describe how I do this, which works the way you desire. I mount all my partitions in /mnt/xxxxx.  This is owned by root, which is OK, but the directories I create, I set the owner:group to myself.  One of the directories I created is named /mnt/shared (because I first did this to share the data files with a Windows partition I used to have, and also other distros I was trying out).

In this shared directory, I mounted an ext4 partition (used to be NTFS until I ditched the Windows installation) containing directories such as "Documents", "Downloads", "Music", "Pictures", etc.  I labelled the partition "shared" (I label all partitions the same as the directory they mount in), and I use the label rather than the UUID to mount the partition; to me, this makes it easier, and even though there is some remote possibility I might label another partition with the same label, it has never happened, and for my personal system, I don't worry about it.  Anyway, in /etc/fstab, I have an entry that says:
LABEL=shared  /mnt/shared ext4  defaults,user_xattr 0  3

So, after booting, if all goes well, I will have a directory /mnt/shared/ containing all my directories in that partition.  Make sure you are the owner of this new folder, and if not, use the sudo chown your_name:your_name.

So next, I right-click on the /mnt/shared/Documents directory from Nautilus, and choose "Make link", which will create a file in the same directory called "Link to Documents".  Next, I cut and paste that link into my home directory, where the normal "Documents" folder resides. Assuming there are no important files or folders already in Documents (if there are, they should be moved temporarily to a temp folder), I then delete the Documents folder, and immediately rename "Link to Documents" to "Documents".  Doing this together will keep the special icon for the folder.  You should then have a new Documents folder, that is actually a link to /mnt/shared/Documents.

Repeat this for other folders, such as Music, Pictures, etc.

Edit1 after new information about HFS+
I haven't ever needed to dual-boot with OSX, so I'm not an expert on the details, although it's not that different except for the filesystem.

There's some discussion elsewhere on AskUbuntu; the question was for journalled, but the answers were not, mostly.

It might be worth seeing if you can get it mounted using the mount command first, although what I do is keep the editor open for /etc/fstab, make a change, then run the command mount -a, which not only mounts the entries, but gives an error if there is one, which is helpful. I think this is very useful. Sometimes, you'll need to unmount one or more partitions before running it, but for most, if it gives an error that it's already mounted, it doesn't matter.

Since it works in Mint, though, and I assume you are using the same methods, have you installed the hfsprogs?  sudo apt-get install hfsprogs
ext3
Also, using the volume label instead of device name will make it much more clear when editing, and less error-prone in use, in case a drive gets mounted differently.

My example fstab entry will, of course, be different than your, especially because of the different filesystems.  Also, the final column is somewhat arbitrary.

About the separate folders for each OS... In case you missed this detail, what I do is to mount just the data, not the entire home directory.  So, for example, on Linux, each distro would have its own home directory, but the data folders would be shared.  So the OS-dependent stuff goes into the same partition as everything else, and the data folders have no OS-dependent data at all.  This is why I don't mount a separate home directory like many people suggest; I can easily reuse my data directories for any version, any OS, with no problems.

I read that recent OSX version can read/write to NTFS partitions, by the way, so it's possible to use NTFS and read/write everywhere.

One more thing... have you checked the ownership and permissions of /mnt/temp/SnowLeopard/localadmin?  If you're not sure, you can run ls -alF /mnt/temp/SnowLeopard/localadmin, (or ll /mnt...) and post the results.  You should see yourself as the owner of the directories that you are linking to.  You should be able to see the same information by doing ls -L in your home directory; the uppercase 'L' shows the info on the link targets rather than the links.

Let me know if you need more information, or have questions.  Also, let me know if it solves you problems. :-)


Your problem seems related to the wayland, run:

xhost +local:

it lets local users to connect to the display, then run gparted:

gparted-pkexec

it should solve the problem.

source


How do I get Rise of the Triad to work on 12.04?

You'll need a legal copy of the game data copied into the /usr/share/games/rott/ directory, if you are talking about the rott package.

It is a port of the engine to SDL, for running the game on other platforms, but it does not include any game data. You must obtain a legal copy to play the game.


Somewhere I read that its also possible to use + instaed of the backslash with samba, don't know if this is also valid for likewise...


Can't install McAfeeVSEForLinux on Ubuntu 20.04

Mcafee VSE is end of life as of January 2018, and end of enterprise support as of the end of 2019 (excluded special cases).
Organisations were asked to upgrade to endpoint protection for over 3 years now.
Even if you succeed with your installation, it will have major flaws and no support.

VSE is not officially supported for ubuntu 20.04 (and 18.04 it seems) as mcafee documentation states.
So I'm not sure they will even address an opened case regarding VSE now.
Organisations were asked to update to endpoint security for linux as documented here.

Tip: Last time I used my grant number, I couldn't even find VSE available for download from their site. Though if you hold an enterprise support, try reaching your agent for full details or solutions.


Highly unstable wifi Realteck Lenovo T450s with rtl8192ee

Just install this driver

sudo apt-get install git build-essential
git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new.git
cd rtlwifi-new
make
sudo make install

But you will have to re-install it after each kernel upgrade.


Ubuntu Touch - Bluetooth speakers playing while different screens are viewed

I guess you are playing the music by using the browser.

Normally, only that app is being executed which is currently shown at your screen. This is done to bring the best performance to the currently used app and to extend your battery life.

This means if you switch from the browser to the game, the browsers stops running and your game continues excecution. If you switch back, the browser continues excecution and the game is stopped, thus you can't get a gameover in game while doing other things like writing some emails.;)

Nevertheless, thus its not possible to listen to music in browser at youtube and playing a game atthe same time.:(

What you coukd do instead: Use the musicplayer to listen to music, because this app is an exception of the above concept. Or switch on the Convergenced Mode on your tablet, because in this mode all aps are running at the same time.:)


How do I get the battery indicator to indicate total remaining power if I have 2 batteries?

According to https://live.gnome.org/Design/SystemSettings/Power there should be (in the near future) a display for secondary devices, which should be able to reflect your secondary batteries state. However at the time being this does not work for me in precise either.


What kinds of problems can cause crash out of app back to login

If one or more of the objects that should be on the current screen hasn't loaded properly causing Rhythmbox to crash whenever it tries to access that object, it can be solved by pressing the F5 key to refresh the screen. The problem with this method is that you don't always know when Rhythmbox is about to crash, but if something is out of the ordinary with Rhythmbox pressing the F5 key might prevent Rhythmbox from crashing. Signs to watch for are unusual screen artifacts or something in Rhythmbox that doesn't load or respond.

Another possible cause of the problem is that the Rhythmbox music library metadata might be messed up, so Rhythmbox is unable to find all the songs in the music library. This problem can be solved by deleting the entire music library from Rhythmbox and re-importing it. Make sure that you delete the music library only from Rhythmbox and not from the hard drive as well which would permanently delete all your music files.


Laptop built-in monitor not detected, dual GPU

I managed to solve the problem by switching from UEFI to UEFI/BIOS.


Grub2 automatically scans all attached drives for operating systems when running update-grub.

So, if you attach an external drive to your laptop with your Ubuntu on it and run update-grub on your company's Ubuntu, the next time you boot your laptop, Grub will have an option to boot your Ubuntu from the external drive.

There is no need for special equipment, a USB drive will do just fine. If your laptop supports it, USB3 would speed up loading times alot.

Update: With a second storage device in your laptop, just install your Ubuntu to that device, install Grub to that device's MBR.

Then, decide on whether you want to use your Grub or the Grub of your company's Ubuntu. Set the corresponding device as boot drive in your BIOS, start your laptop. Once you are logged in, run sudo update-grub, which will pick up on the other Ubuntu on the second storage device and from then on will present both installations while booting.


right click on that exe file and select open with and then select play on linux and click ok...
                                 -lucifer


I have a slightly different setup (18.04), but the same problem, and this worked:
Delete /etc/X11/xorg.conf.
Source: https://superuser.com/questions/1369855/update-to-nvidia-drivers-on-ubuntu-18-04-makes-my-laptop-display-not-accessible


Is there a way to add additional stickers to Telegram in Ubuntu Touch?

Here is an additional workaround that requires somebody sending you a sticker from the set you would like to install.

Swipe the sticker left
tap on the info button
you get to see the whole sticker set that this sticker belongs to and below you will get the option to install.


How can I change the version (default-series) that Juju deploys?

Your default-series environment config setting defaults to precise, because almost all the charms in the store are written for precise, and so juju is picking charms for precise and deploying them to precise.

If you want to deploy to saucy, you should change your environments.yaml file:

environments:
    myenv:
        type: maas
        default-series: saucy
        ...

...but you'll need to make sure you have charms that run on saucy, so you'll almost certainly need to write them yourself (or maybe try copying the existing ones for precise?) and deploy them from a local repository.


What're the differences between 12.04.3 LTS desktop and 12.04.3?

There are no differences between the two.

"12.04" simply means that the initial release was in April 2012. The "LTS" means that this version (12.04) is supported for 5 years rather than 9 months. The ".3" means that it's the third updated install image for Ubuntu 12.04LTS, which includes all upgrades since the initial release of Ubuntu 12.04LTS in addition to a new kernel with support for new hardware.


I have found a solution that seems to work.
Put in /usr/local/bin a file named spotify
Open it with gedit and type

#!/bin/bash
/bin/spotify &
sleep 0.2
xprop -f _GTK_THEME_VARIANT 8u -set _GTK_THEME_VARIANT "dark" -id $(xdotool getactivewindow)

type sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/spotify for permissions

It needs xdotool to get spotify window id.

It works! I know that after a year it's a bit too late


Nouveau driver works with Wayland but not with X11

I fixed this issue by renaming the .Xauthority file in my home directoy and letting it get recreated after rebooting. Now everything works fine in X11 (using open source nouveau).
Somehow the file was corrupt as I could bot display any text in that file.
As this was the root cause for x11 not working on my system, I will leave this up in case anyone else has the same issue.


"Waited for * || true but it wasn't there " each time I run apt

This means that you somehow screwed up your configuration scripts, the reason why is happening is because DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt || true";}; doesn't exist in your scripts so you may have to create it:

sudo sh -c "echo 'DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt || true";};' >> /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/70debconf"

Then try again.


Well, maybe there is a heavy process running behind as root, and you can't see it normally in System Monitor. Go to the processes tab, click 'View' in the menu and select 'All Processes' if you see one (it should be in one of the sub-folders), then check for the one that uses the highest CPU usage. One big possibility is the oneconf process, that eats up the CPU and RAM at some times. (You can't remove it if you want to use software center, it's a dependency)
Besides that, Ubuntu is quite strange as it will magically update your software catalog in some times (that's why for your WIFI) just because it wants to check for system updates (and the CPU and RAM usage will be high). Hope that helps


How is a Unity Lens different from Google Desktop?

Regarding the privacy policy, Lenses in Unity do not send any personal information to Canonical. The dash displays your recently used files, folders and applications based on Zeitgeist which creates a database in your own home folder. In this way you have complete control over your personal files, folders and application usage.

Some Lenses like the AskUbuntu, youtube (still in development) and Reddit lens performs a search query on this website. So it doesn't in anyway infringe security breach or any privacy issues.

This is the same case for Google Desktop. You can read their privacy policy here. They do not store the indexed data in their servers without your permission.

Hope this answers your question.


nping had what I needed:

sudo nping -icmp -c 1 -icmp-type 8 --ip-options "\x94\x04\x00\x00" -dest-ip 192.168.1.5


How do I make sure the driver for a TP-LINK tl-wn727n is loaded on boot?

See the last post here:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1902715

sudo modprobe -v rt2800usb

  and the wireless worked immediately.

  I then removed the blacklisted drivers (which I added earlier) from
  /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

  Next I added rt2800usb to /etc/modules. Rebooted and my wireless
  starts up automatically.


Bricked my computer, is there any way to get it back?

The solution was to remove the hard drive so there was no bootable options. This allowed me to access the bios again and then put in the usb. I also took all the information from my internal hard drive and transferred it to an external one I had lying around. I also plugged in the external hard drive I then reinstalled the new version of ubuntu that I originally tried to install onto the hard drive I then retransferred the boot stuff back to my original hard drive and it now boots to grub fine again. P.s. Don't call Lenovo support all they did was say we can sell you a $9 windows recovery disk which I told them won't work because it is below the hard drive in  boot order.


Ubuntu shows that i'm in offline mode while trying to connect to internet

It looks like your laptop might use the infamous Broadcom chipset 14e4:4727, which needs special attention.

From http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2092561,

Try running

lspci -nn | grep 0280

If your device is the Broadcom 14e4:4727, then run

sudo apt-get install --reinstall bcmwl-kernel-source

To re-install the drivers. Then reboot and try the connection again.


Does geary have a command flag to compose new email?

In short, it doesn't have, at least for now.

To see list of available commands, you can run

geary --help

Also I haven't found any useful information on Geary Website or Gnome Website

But as Official Website says

  Geary is still in early development.

So there is possibility that this feature will be added in future releases.
If you want to get more information, you should visit geary-list


Launch the emulator in the background, sending all of its output to a temporary file

emulator -no-boot-anim -avd Andreud &>/tmp/emulator-output &

Then get the PID of the recently launched process, and store it in a variable called EMULATORPID

EMULATORPID=$!

Then, while the emulator is still running, watch the output file for the error, and when it is found, kill the process by PID:

while ps -p$EMULATORPID ; do
   grep "Emulator ERROR" /tmp/emulator-output && kill $EMULATORPID
done

To satisfy the additional requirement of quitting the while loop after five seconds, you could set a counter, increment it each loop, and add a delay of one section to each iteration like so:

  CTR=0
  while ps -p$EMULATORPID &&  [ $CTR -lt 5 ]  ; do
     grep "Emulator ERROR" /tmp/emulator-output && kill $EMULATORPID
     sleep 1s;
     CTR=$[CTR+1]
  done


I don't need a display, still "X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication." error

Honestly I had the same problem myself, and I've actually had the same problem over a number of years -- all with varying solutions.  As of 2019, I solved this problem this time by explicitly adding

X11UseLocalhost no

to the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file.  Restart server after making change.  Supposedly newer clients don't need this capability (hence the reason I mentioned 2019). YMMV


After dual boot Ubuntu 12.04.3 on SSD touch screen enabled Win8, cannot boot into Win8 anymore

Try using my rEFInd; I've seen several reports that it will fix this problem. You can try the USB flash drive or CD-R version risk-free, then install the Debian-package version if that works.


git init shows 'error: chmod ... .git/config.lock failed: Operation not permitted'

As explained here in Mount Options table, you can mount ntfs-3g in several ways.
If you are mounting it like below, the permissions are determined by the mount options, not by the file metadata (ACL). So chmod won't be able to change permissions, and it fails with an error.

MODE: Same ownership (uid, gid) and permissions for all files and directories (restricted by fmask, dmask and umask)
WHEN: uid or gid or fmask or dmask or umask defined,
and no user mapping file found

So, to make sure chmod won't fail, just don't specify any of these (uid, gid, fmask, dmask or umask) in the mount options. You have some alternatives depending on if you want to deal with permissions like Windows does or just ignore permissions completely from Linux.
Mount it like below if you want to just ignore all access control (chmod, chown and permission checks won't do anything or return any errors). This is the simplest way:

MODE: No permission checks
WHEN: No uid, gid, fmask, dmask, umask, permissions or acl option, and no user mapping file found

If you want to enable access control with some compatibility with Windows, you could just use permissions mount option (and none of those others mentioned before).
However, this restricts access to private folders like C:\Users\<You>, so you would probably have to specify a user mapping file (C:\.NTFS-3G\UserMapping) anyways, to map your Windows user SID to your Linux user UID. This is more complex, so I recommend to just ignore permissions if you can do that.

MODE: Standard permission checks, according to ownership and mode, but POSIX ACLs not used (uid, gid, fmask, dmask and umask ignored)
WHEN: No uid, gid, fmask, dmask, or umask, or acl defined, but permissions defined, and no user mapping file found
OR WHEN: [...] user mapping file found

Example fstab entry (the relevant implied silent option is effective since I don't specify the others):
UUID=0123456789ABCDEF /windows ntfs noatime,users,windows_names


Quickly tutorial section 4 will be availabe?

Create Project in Launchpad
Upload the code to Launchpad
Create your ppa

Then here is the right place where to proceed:

https://help.launchpad.net/Packaging/SourceBuilds/GettingStarted

This tutorial as video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bG-SXNX9Ww


SyntaxError: invalid syntax when install pandas latest version

Your error says you need to upgrade your pip:

pip install --upgrade pip

Or you could also try:

pip3 install --upgrade pip

Then pip3 -V should show you correct version it mentioned about.

Then try installing pandas using pip3 install pandas

On 19.10 it installs the latest version, but on 16.04 it installs older version. I think, it's because of newer versions of pandas do not support python 3.5:

  Python version support
  Officially Python 3.6.1 and above, 3.7, and 3.8


How can I downgrade AbiWord to version 2.8.6?

We've had abiword 2.9 for 3 releases now, but it seems that it may have been added by accident. Assuming that's the case, the most reasonable course of action would probably be to offer 2.8 for the next release, and offer a backport allowing users to install it.

This could be accomplished in one of two ways:

offering a differently named package that provides 2.8 even when 2.9 is available (for example, the package could be called abiword-2.8 instead of abiword (if it's not built in a way that allows both to be installed at a time, its dependencies could reflect that, forcing at most one of abiword and abiword-2.8 to be installed).
downgrading the version provided by abiword (in a subsequent release) to 2.8, but naming it with a higher version number so that it actually gets installed on a system that already has abiword 2.9.

The version string for the latest (and only) abiword package in Raring is 2.9.2+svn20120603-8; saucy-updates currently has 3.0.0~svn20130523-1ubuntu2. Packages of later versions supersede (i.e., by default get preference for installation over) packages of earlier versions.

But if a package providing abiword 2.8 were given version string 3.0.0+actually2.8.6, the package manager would see it as a later version. (This could be provided in a PPA too, if someone wants to do the work--I've found AbiWord to be surprisingly difficult to compile, at least when I try to include all the features that one could reasonably expect to be present. An official package would probably not be called that because it doesn't fit with the naming conventions for packages--Ubuntu-specific versions like this have ubuntu in their names--but I believe this could be accomplished within the accepted naming conventions.)

Speaking of a PPA, vasa1 has pointed out that there is (at least) one. Lionel Le Folgoc's PPA provides abiword 2.8.2 (and it uses a version scheme like that described above: the version string is 2.9.2+svn20120213really2.8.6-0ubuntu0.1~ppa1). However, that PPA unfortunately only provides abiword 2.8.2 for Precise. (If you select a different version in the "published in" drop-down menu on that page, it will not appear.)

With all that said, a downgraded Ubuntu package for abiword will probably not be offered officially. This is because:

The development version of abiword gets better and better (overall, and in terms of stability) with each release. Most or all of the bugs you've experienced are probably fixed in a later development release. This is why it's silly to include a frozen development version in a stable Ubuntu release--it will have lots of bugs that will then never be fixed unless the SRU proccess is undertaken. That process has not happened for abiword in the last few Ubuntu releases. But it also means that offering the next development version will fix most of the bugs.
I'm not sure when AbiWord 3 will have a stable upstream release (i.e., a stable release from the AbiWord project itself, which can then be packaged for official downstream inclusion in OSes like Debian, Ubuntu, and other GNU/Linux systems). But it seems likely a release--or at least a beta--is forthcoming. Hopefully it will be released in time to make it into Saucy. The change of version number from 2.9... to 3.0... hopefully means that a release is coming soon.
GTK+ 2.0 is still packaged for the latest versions of Ubuntu, but there is a push to port apps to GTK+ 3.0, since that may provide better integration with today's desktop environments, and because eventually GTK+ 2.0 might be deprecated for removal.

  I've tried to give a reasonable answer that incorporates relevant
  facts ("good subjective"). This is CW so it's easier for
  anyone to update/improve. With that said, if you want to start or
  participate in a full-blown discussion of this topic, someplace
  like Ubuntu Forums would be better.


Your graphics card is not fully compatible with the driver that you installed. Instead install the tested graphics driver from Additional Drivers:

Open Additional Drivers from your menu.
Select the topmost driver. It should have tested in parenthesis.
Hit install and wait for the driver to install
Reboot your computer.


Update 2020-02

I'm running multiple encrypted homes with fscrypt. Install your system without encryption and use this guide to implement fscrypt on your home.

The API to fscrypt might change in the future, so make sure to back up your important files if you attempt to upgrade your system.

(This feature is not widely used on Desktop. Use at your own risk.)

Update 2018-11

TL:DR; You can try fscrypt in Ubuntu 18.10+ or Linux Mint 19.1+

Looks like this was finally fixed. Here's a pre-emptive guide: http://tlbdk.github.io/ubuntu/2018/10/22/fscrypt.html

I'm not quoting instructions here because it does require some hacks and you can end up losing your home data.

  Warning: A warning from user @dpg: "BE CAREFUL:I followed instructions from that "pre-emptive guide" (did it under tty), and got infinite login loop."

  Consider this guide for educational purposes only.

Next is my original answer:

Original Answer 2018-05

TL;DR: Use classic home encryption with Linux Mint 19 Tara.

fscrypt for home encryption is still broken.

  How do I setup fscrypt to encrypt my /home directory and decrypt when I log in?

This is something a lot of us want. It appears the Ubuntu team couldn't get ecryptfs to work bug-free on Ubuntu 18.04, and couldn't fix the bugs in fscrypt for a home-encryption option in time for the scheduled Ubuntu 18.04 release either.

For fscrypt, is at least one critical bug that makes it unusable for home encryption at the moment:

fscrypt/issues/77

Furthermore, we'd need a transparent way of authenticating/unlocking before it's a realistic alternative to the "old" ecryptfs-type home encryption. This is tracked here:

fscrypt/issues/95

With these issues open, you can consider home encryption broken at this point. With that, my colleagues and I consider Ubuntu 18.04 18.04.1 unfinished at the moment, and hope that home-encryption will be brought back (using the new and much better fscrypt method) in Ubuntu 18.04.1 18.04.2.

Until such time, we're sticking with Ubuntu 16.04. We have switched all our machines to Linux Mint 19 Tara with the classic home encryption using ecryptfs. Read the "known issues" section in the Release Notes for Linux Mint 19 Tara about the ecryptfs limitations, and see if this is acceptable to you:

  (...) please be aware that in Mint 19 and newer releases, your encrypted home directory is no longer unmounted on logout.

If you have tried fscrypt and found it to be broken for your usage, you can vote "this bug affects me too" at the following launchpad bug:

ubuntu/fscrypt/+bug/1768340

Note that fscrypt/ext4-crypt (future "encrypt home") is the fastest option, and ecryptfs (old "encrypt home") is the slowest option. LUKS ("encrypt entire drive") is in the middle.

For this reason, entire disk encryption is 'conveniently' recommended. Because if you have very big projects with many small files, use revision management a lot, make big compiles, etcetera, you'll find that the overkill of encrypting your entire drive is actually worth it compared to the slowness of the old ecryptfs-type home encryption.

In the end, encrypting the entire drive has multiple drawbacks:

Guest account
Family laptop with private accounts
Using PREY-like anti-theft software

It's puzzling that Canonical decided that "we don't need this anymore" on their LTS version, which has come to be known as their more "serious" distribution.


Desktop version of 10.04 end the life so you can't install gcc using apt-get...

You should upgrade to latest version of Ubuntu.

To upgrade latest you can do with sed, first open terminal(Ctrl+Alt+T) and type the following,

sudo sed -i -e 's/archive.ubuntu.com\|security.ubuntu.com/old-releases.ubuntu.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

then update with

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


Installing jenkins plugins automatically

I am not exactly sure what is wrong with your build, but your Jenkins Dockerfile looks unnecessarily complicated. Here is a simple Dockerfile that does what you want:

FROM jenkins/jenkins:lts
COPY plugins.txt /usr/share/jenkins/ref/plugins.txt
RUN /usr/local/bin/install-plugins.sh < /usr/share/jenkins/ref/plugins.txt

That installs the plugins defined in plugins.txt.

This should be enough to install your plugins automatically. However if you want to configure a complete Jenkins instance from a configuration file, check out this Jenkins plugin that allows Jenkins to be completely configured from YAML.


Aliases don't work after restart terminal

Possibly your terminal starts a login shell. In this case not .bashrc is read, but bash looks for ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login, and ~/.profile, in that order.

try man bash and search for INVOCATION to read more.

It may be useful to source .bashrc in your .bash_login.


DNS configuration set with netplan works for some hours, then stops working

You list three nameservers in your config, two with private IPs and one with a public IP. You should not list multiple nameservers in your netplan config that do not all have the same DNS namespace view; if one of the nameservers becomes unavailable at any point and stops responding, systemd-resolved will switch to preferring the next server in the list. So if it asks 194.2.0.20 for confluence and gets told NXDOMAIN, it will consider that authoritative and not fall back to the other servers.

The solution here is to only list the two private nameservers in the netplan config and not the public one which does not know about your internal hostnames, because they cannot be used as equivalents for failover.


You get it wrong about installing Ubuntu at all! you can't install Ubuntu in that way, however your problem is not related to installation progress, but to booting it from your CD (or any other similar devices like USB).

Please try again, but when you see this loading page, please use esc key on your keyboard, now you can see a black terminal with white lines. It will freeze on some level of loading (probably loading kernel modules related to your graphic card). Just attach that screen, so we can see what is your main problem...


If it's not a bug of the firefox version you've installed (is it from a regular/official Ubuntu repository, or an odd custom PPA?) then it's most often a firefox profile problem.

Try these instructions to start in "Safe Mode" with all addons disabled
(Basically open the Help menu and select "Restart with Add-ons Disabled...")

Then proceed with the troubleshooting options on the above website:

If the problem still happens in Safe Mode, it is not being caused by an extension or theme

Troubleshoot and diagnose Firefox problems
Troubleshoot issues with plugins like Flash or Java to fix common Firefox problems
Reset Firefox preferences to troubleshoot and fix problems

If the problem does not happen in Safe Mode, it is most likely because of an extension, theme or hardware acceleration.
See the article Troubleshoot extensions, themes and hardware acceleration issues to solve common Firefox problems for solutions


Cron usually needs a full file path try using 0 1 * * * /sbin/reboot instead


How to uninstall Ubuntu 16.04 which is in dual boot with Ubuntu 20.04

I have a dual boot of ubuntu with windows, what I do to eliminate the operating system is to eliminate the partition where I have it mounted. you could try to delete the partition of the disk where ubuntu 16.04 is, here comes information on how to do it,but be very careful not to uninstall 20.04
delete the partition of the disk where ubuntu


You may have to upgrade through downloading the ISO for 13.04 and burning it to a DVD. I had a similar problem long ago and that was the only solution.

It shouldn't delete your personal data, but always backup!


Dell inspiron 15 - Hardware key being a pain

Check if the problem is hardware or software. If software then just check the hardware ports which to see if wireless port is mentioned in the list or not... If not then just install it once again.


I installed Ubuntu alongside Windows but I can't see it in Windows' boot menu

Are you getting the boot menu at all? Or is ir going straight to 7?

If it is, your going to have to modify the bootloader time with msconfig:

Open Start
type "msconfig"
Go to the tab "Boot"
Verify that there is a Ubuntu entry in the list.
if there is, Look for a option near the right-bottom called "Timeout".
If it is 0, set it to about 10 seconds.
Restart PC
Look for the ubuntu option, then move the arrow keys at the boot menu to it, then press enter.
Ubuntu should load.

Try and follow these steps, and it should work.


Use apt-cache policy [package name]. Example:

jos@zyrrup:$ apt-cache policy indicator-weather
indicator-weather:
  Installed: 0.9-0ubuntu4
  Candidate: 0.9-0ubuntu4
  Version table:
 *** 0.9-0ubuntu4 500
        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/kasra-mp/ubuntu-indicator-weather/ubuntu yakkety/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/kasra-mp/ubuntu-indicator-weather/ubuntu yakkety/main i386 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

This indicates that there is a ppa called kasra-mp/ubuntu-indicator-weather containing the package indicator-weather.

The numbers (100, 500) indicate a relative priority. You could, in principle, install a package from multiple sources.  The priority indicates which source is tried first, second, etc.


Go to "search" and type "displays", then open it. Uncheck "Mirror displays" on the right.


No "eth0" listed in ifconfig -a, only enp0s3 and lo

With v197 we introduced predictable network interface names in systemd/udev that includes hardware information rather than a reference to the driver used. The following names are supported:

  Names incorporating Firmware/BIOS provided index numbers for on-board devices (example: eno1)
  Names incorporating Firmware/BIOS provided PCI Express hotplug slot index numbers (example: ens1)
  Names incorporating physical/geographical location of the connector of the hardware (example: enp2s0)
  Names incorporating the interfaces's MAC address (example: enx78e7d1ea46da)
  Classic, unpredictable kernel-native ethX naming (example: eth0)

So what you observe on installing 15.10 is a consequence of Ubuntu evolution.


Strange distortions in my background on desktop

Removing the xserver-xorg-video-intel package via

sudo apt remove xserver-xorg-video-intel

worked for me.

Source: Comment #16 on this bug.


You can try to run Ubuntu with Unity, could work with your graphic card. If the systems runs too slow, you change the Desktop after install and try Xubuntu for example by installing it with

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

or try Lubuntu

sudo apt-get install lubuntu-desktop

the software you can use is the same on all systems, only the desktop has less effects Xubuntu less than Ubuntu and Lubuntu less than Xubuntu


How does one exclude a zpool from zfs-auto-snapshot

You should be able to do this with the command line:

zfs-auto-snapshot --recursive containers

That would take a snapshot of all child datasets under the top-level pool dataset in the containers pool.

Alternately, check out the --default-exclude description:

  By default zfs-auto-snapshot will snapshot all datasets except for those  in  which
  the user-property com.sun:auto-snapshot is set to false.  This option reverses the
  behavior and requires com.sun:auto-snapshot to be set to true.

So you could also set the com.sun:auto-snapshot property to false on the top-level backup filesystem, and continue using // (may also need --recursive, I'm not certain).


DejaDup "Restore Failed, no backups to restore"

A possible solution; first check to see if the backup is valid:
Deja-dup "Restore failed - no backups to restore" after clean install of Ubuntu
The key command by Organic Marble is here:
sudo duplicity collection-status file://[location of your backup directory]

So, for me, to restore, I had to select the 'Local Folder' option, and select the backup directory that was valid via that command above.
I'm using Backup (the gui).   This was a bit scary, as I hadn't changed anything for backing up, and the normal option that I used to backup said "New backup..." when this was an incremental backup.
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS has been a bit quirky, to say the least...


open your terminal and type as

sudo apt-get install --reinstall update-manager

then try again.


Run docker ps to get the container id:

$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
d16a785635b5        python:2.7          "bash"              7 seconds ago       Up 6 seconds                            python

Then use the container id to exec another shell in it:

$ docker exec -it d16a785635b5 bash
root@d16a785635b5:/#

Repeat as needed.


To change to the b43 driver, open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

Reboot.


Init file in init.d calls using sudo in script.sh give error sudo: no tty present and no askpass program specified

I think something that is a key factor here is that because a script is run with sudo, it can do everything root can do. The problem is that other sudo commands within that script don't necessarily inherit root permissions, but are executed as the controlling user. This can often produce the error you see from sudo, even if the parent script itself is allowed via sudo but the subcommands are not.

What's happening is the nested sudo call within that script is failing because sudo would normally prompt for a password, but there's no controlling shell so it can't. This generates the slightly ambiguous sudo: no tty present and no askpass program specified error that you see.

An easy way to illustrate this is if, like your example, an init script contains internal calls using sudo.  Running:

sudo /etc/init.d/startvpn

can fail if your own user doesn't have sudo rights to all the sudo calls within, and might give you the sudo tty error. However, running it like this:

sudo sh /etc/init.d/startvpn

would probably work. In the latter case, sudo sh creates a command shell as root, so anything that is run within that shell actually does execute as root. Root generally has unrestricted sudo permissions so it no longer matters if a command is run with sudo or not.

Some things worth mentioning:

As others have pointed out, most of this mess can be avoided by not using sudo within scripts. Often sub-commands that fail when run with sudo can work fine without it (when the parent script is run with sudo).
While running the script with sudo sh may solve the issue, again there are security implications to doing so. Consider that sudo behaves this way as a sanity check, to ensure that the contents of the script are not doing something they shouldn't, even if the script itself is allowed.
If the user you are running sudo as also has sufficient blanket permissions, you may not see any of these problems. But they can surface later, say if you develop a script with your own privileged account, and in production it's ran as a non-privileged service account.
In general you should avoid granting broad sudo permissions to user accounts as a way to solve this kind of issue. If really needed, limit the account access rules to that user and that specific command.


How to save the audio from webm to ogg without transcoding using ffmpeg?

.webm files indeed can contain vorbis audio, but it can also contain opus audio. Also an ogg file can contain both audio formats. One can transfer the audio without conversion to an .ogg file:
ffmpeg -i "$INPUTFILE" -vn -c:a copy "$(basename "$INPUTFILE" .webm)".ogg

If you need vorbis audio in an ogg container, but your .webm contains opus audio, then you need to transcode obviously.
In oggenc, a -q 6 setting will result in a file with variable bitrate at about 192 kbps. This is a setting where quality loss mostly will not be perceived anymore ("transparent"), and is a setting optimal to achieve excellent quality at a minimum file size. In ffmpeg, the corresponding option is -qscale:a 6:
ffmpeg -i "$INPUTFILE" -vn -c:a libvorbis -qscale:a 6 "$(basename "$INPUTFILE" .webm)".ogg

The range is -1 to 10, where 10 is very high quality.The default is -qscale:a 3, which corresponds to an average bitrate of about 112. (See full details)


Why don't installation codec updates and ubuntu restricted extras include the libdvdcss files?

Probably because of the legal issues around CSS, at least in some jurisdictions.


I think that David provided a useful hint. ibus-mozc does not seem to provide a GUI for controlling the keyboard layout used together with Mozc, but you can edit the file /usr/share/ibus/component/mozc.xml:

--- /usr/share/ibus/component/mozc.xml.orig
+++ /usr/share/ibus/component/mozc.xml
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
   <icon_prop_key>InputMode</icon_prop_key>
   <icon>/usr/share/ibus-mozc/product_icon.png</icon>
   <setup>/usr/lib/mozc/mozc_tool --mode=config_dialog</setup>
-  <layout>default</layout>
+  <layout>jp</layout>
   <name>mozc-jp</name>
   <longname>Mozc</longname>
 </engine>

Or in plain English:

Replace the line

  <layout>default</layout>

with

  <layout>jp</layout>

With that change (and after a relogin), Japanese (Mozc) will always be based on the basic Japanese keyboard layout, irrespective of which keyboard layout you switched from when enabling Japanese (Mozc). Hence you can add e.g. the German layout without it affecting your use of Japanese (Mozc).

HTH


The Ubuntu GNOME installer starts, but I can't see my mouse

This is an imperfect solution, but blindly navigate your mouse to the shutdown button (This is for the OS, not just the installer), and press the shutdown button, but don't shutdown. just exit the shutdown prompt, and the mouse should reappear.

If this does not work, try pressing the function key that disables/enables the mouse, such as f5.


Photoshop PlayOnLinux unavailable to see installed google fonts

Wine gets its fonts from the following four places:

The standard system fonts are avilable at /usr/share/fonts. You can add fonts here by installing font packages from Software Center or by a ppa, if they're available.
Wine's private /usr/share/wine/fonts folder. You shouldn't add fonts here, but if you see a font in Wine and not in the system - it's probably here.
The .fonts folder in your Home directory. This is where you should manually copy self-installed fonts, either downloaded from the Internet or copied from a Windows install. If this folder is not available create a .fonts folder in your home and copy the fonts there.
The equivalent of the C:\Windows\Fonts folder within the current Wine prefix. Unless you specified the WINEPREFIX environment variable when running Wine, This will generally be located in~/.wine/drive_c/Windows/fonts.

So it would be a good bet to copy the fonts either in .fonts or
~/.wine/drive_c/Windows/fonts.

Source: Installing other fonts on wine


Follow these steps :

sudo apt install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt update
sudo apt-cache policy php-xdebug

Then you can choose what version you want to install.

sudo apt install php-xdebug=2.7... (copy whole version number)

And to confirm the right version was installed php -v.

Anyway, if you encounter any issues, copy the output here and I'll try to help you out.


Selinux works for me on Ubuntu 18. All I had to do was to install selinux and selinux-basics, and then activate it. Note that in my grub config I only have security=selinux and not selinux=1


Connect like you normally would (don't worry about the other complaining about not being able to connect for now). Now, open a terminal and type ifconfig.

It should show you your network devices. You'll see lo, eth0, wlan0, wlan1. Look for the wlan that actually has an IP address...this is the one that you want to keep.

So, if wlan1 has the IP, then we want to get rid of wlan0.

Now, type:

sudo nano /etc/rc.local

and scroll down to the very bottom, and just above "exit 0", type

sudo ifconfig wlan0 down

Hit Ctrl+X, then ENTER to save and exit. On reboot, it should take down the wlan0 interface (the wireless card you don't want) as it starts up.

If later on you decide you want to turn this off, just erase that line.


I'd say you don't need to, if you're going to replace that profile.

The file .mozilla/firefox/profiles.ini contains the path of the default profile:

$ ls .mozilla/firefox/
Crash Reports  profiles.ini  wng922jv.default

$ cat .mozilla/firefox/profiles.ini
[General]
StartWithLastProfile=1

[Profile0]
Name=default
IsRelative=1
Path=wng922jv.default

So you can either extract the name from the Path field above, or, replace it with the path of your profile.


Which packing constant to use for set_child_packing() in Python

It's Gtk.PackType.START.

As @aking1012 is mentioning on his comment, these constants got moved around in Gtk 3.

Unfortunately, there is no good documentation on the Gtk 3 Python bindings, so you'll often have to find these out manually until there is.

A way to do it is to open a terminal and use the interactive Python interpreter get a listing of all methods and subclasses of Gtk, and then try to guess which one resembles best the constants in the C documentation, as such:

$ python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Apr 20 2012, 22:39:59)
[GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from gi.repository import Gtk
>>> dir(Gtk)

You can also install ipython and do the same as above, but with tab completion instead of using the dir() command above:

$ ipython
Python 2.7.3 (default, Apr 20 2012, 22:39:59)
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

IPython 0.12.1 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
?         -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help      -> Python's own help system.
object?   -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.

In [1]: from gi.repository import Gtk

In [2]: Gtk.(and press TAB here)


Installing on a computer with existing partitions

Yes, it's possible. However, you cannot install Ubuntu on a Windows partition (C), you will have to either delete the Windows partition (which means that Windows will be completely gone and replaced with Ubuntu), or shrink the Windows partition in order to make space for an additional Ubuntu partition.

During the installation, Ubuntu will offer you a choice of where to install it, and weather to replace Windows or install Ubuntu alongside Windows, choose "Something else" here:

This will give you something like the the following screen; although in your case you'll probably have fewer partitions:

Here, you can either resize the main Windows partition and make it smaller, and then create a new Ubuntu partition in the free space, or entirely delete the Windows partition, and create an Ubuntu partition in the free space. Ubuntu will not touch your other two partitions unless you tell it - but do be careful with what partitions you delete. It's also recommendable to always have a backup.

See also How to use manual partitioning during installation? for more details.


Got problem with installation. "No root file system is defined."

I've seen people with this problem before here on askubuntu (Ubuntu inslaller seeing the disk as one large unpartitioned space, not seeing any Windows partitions) and it usually was caused by Windows using Dynamic Disks, which is a proprietary MS extension to the standard MBR partitioning scheme.

Be careful, making any modifications to the partitions from Ubuntu installer when it can't see the existing partitions will result in data loss. You need to convert the disk to a "Basic disk" in MS terminology before proceeding.

Update: after some googling I see that Ubuntu installer should be aware of Dynamic disks and at least warn the user that it can't make modifications to the partition table. So the issue may be caused by something else. At any rate, you should not proceed until the installer sees all the partitions on the disk, forcing it to create new partitions on top will result in data loss.


crontab is not execute the script for recording

In order to add entries to crontab you should execute the following command:

sudo crontab -e

  man crontab

  The -e option is used to edit the  current  crontab

The crontab should hold / before home

0 10-17 19 7 * /home/sensen/Documents/recording/server1.sh

Note: I'm not sure why did you execute:

sudo chmod +x crontab


My monitor keeps going into sleep mode when it reaches the background just before you log in, after booting up

use xrandr to diagnose what is going wrong. Read https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Config/Resolution

I do following command to extend desktop on right side. Use VGA and LVDS identifications which you have on your system. You will get it by xrandr --current

xrandr --output VGA-0 --auto --right-of LVDS-0


How to disable GTK+ 3.12 client side decorations?

You could try gtk3-nocsd: article on WebUpd8

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gtk3-nocsd

Add the following to your "~/.profile"

export GTK_CSD=0
export LD_PRELOAD=/path/to/gtk3-nocsd.so

The author an WebUpd8 writes, that Unity doesn't start with that, so you can edit a .desktop file in /usr/share/applications, for example gthumb:

/usr/share/applications/gthumb.desktop

Add the follwing to "Exec=":

env LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/gtk3-nocsd/gtk3-nocsd.so

so that it looks like this:

Exec=env LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/gtk3-nocsd/gtk3-nocsd.so gthumb %U


how to create system restore point with rsync

I have a couple of scripts that generate the following rsync command, which works for me.

rsync --backup --one-file-system --delete --backup-dir=/backvol/aardvark/archives/2016-12-04-18:57 --stats --archive --ignore-errors / /backvol/aardvark/current

My hostname is aardvark, and my backup disk mounts as /backvol.


Is there a Spotify repository that works for 12.04?

Here's what worked for me:

echo "deb http://repository.spotify.com stable non-free" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 4E9CFF4E

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install spotify-client

Can you ping the repository?

$ ping repository.spotify.com

PING repository.spotify.com (78.31.8.20) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from judith.lon.spotify.com (78.31.8.20): icmp_req=1 ttl=58 time=189 ms


The first * needs to be a 0 or whatever minute of the hour you want the script to run...eg 30 would mean script will run at 0030,0530, 1030, etc.


In short, what happened is that Pierre had to take other responsibilities, and since he was pretty much the only person who wrote code, the work on the project stopped.

It looks like I'm the only Fontmatrix team member left, so I took responsibility to move the development to Github:

https://github.com/fontmatrix/fontmatrix

There's not much happening right now, as I have very little development skills. We'll see what happens next.

There are still some things to do before a new release can happen: finalizing the UI update, fixing opentype shaping bugs etc.


pptp vpn connected and tunnel is established but doesnot work

I got the solution for this problem , many many thanks to @etagenklo

I just need to route the ip traffic to go through the vpn and that was really easy,

If you are stuck at this you can use this link. here is the a link

And Thanks again for the help "etagenklo"


It is intentional that by default confined snaps cannot access your ssh keys (or indeed anything in hidden folders/files in your home directory) for good reason. You don't want a random application grabbing your keys and sending them to a remote server.

You can however copy all or some of your keys from ~/.ssh into the home directory the snap sees under ~/snap/gitkraken/current/


You can use vim-template plugin. Once downloaded, you can find all the necessary documentation in doc/template.txt.


Did I Somehow Get Infected with Spyware or Virus?

It looks like you had the spam-looking text in the clipboard and inadvertently pasted in into the terminal. You might have selected this text at a "sponsored links" section  here... :)


My PC does not ask password in Login even if I set it to ASK on login

I had same problem.
Try running this command:

sudo gpasswd -d $USER nopasswdlogin

this should work.

The thing is that my user was in the nopasswdlogin group. I had to install the gnome-system-tools which has the GUI to manage users and groups. Then I ran the users-groups manager and change my user to NOT be part of the nopasswdlogin group. Problem Solved.


It's called tracker-tag:

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/natty/man1/tracker-tag.1.html

It's provided by the tracker-utils package, which is the command line version of the tracker facility.

-s -- lists all files associated with a tag
-a -- Add a tag to a file

Example

To add a tag:

tracker-tag -a TAG file

To search by tag:

tracker-tag -s TAG
Result: 1
  /home/sean/file

Real world Examples from my system

<sean@mymachine:~> tracker-tag -a TAG exten
<sean@mymachine:~> tracker-tag -a testing atreides master.ldif php_error.log TrainingUpdates.otl

<sean@mymachine:~> tracker-tag -s testing
Results: 5
  /home/sean/TrainingUpdates.otl
  /home/sean/atreides
  /home/sean/exten
  /home/sean/master.ldif
  /home/sean/php_error.log

<sean@mymachine:~> tracker-tag -a myTagExample TrainingUpdates.otl atreides exten master.ldif php_error.log
<sean@mymachine:~> tracker-tag -s myTagExample
Results: 5
  /home/sean/TrainingUpdates.otl
  /home/sean/atreides
  /home/sean/exten
  /home/sean/master.ldif
  /home/sean/php_error.log

<sean@mymachine:~> tracker-tag -s TAG
Result: 1
  /home/sean/exten


dpkg : error processing package (--install)

The dependencies of Xarp package are not contained in 18.04 LTS repository, but we can get and install them from 14.04 LTS repository manually (be careful, they will not receive any security updates) with steps below:

wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/libp/libpng/libpng12-0_1.2.50-1ubuntu2.14.04.3_amd64.deb
sudo apt install ./libpng12-0_1.2.50-1ubuntu2.14.04.3_amd64.deb

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/w/wxwidgets2.8/libwxbase2.8-0_2.8.12.1+dfsg-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb
sudo apt install ./libwxbase2.8-0_2.8.12.1+dfsg-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/w/wxwidgets2.8/libwxgtk2.8-0_2.8.12.1+dfsg-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb
sudo apt install ./libwxgtk2.8-0_2.8.12.1+dfsg-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/x/xerces-c/libxerces-c3.1_3.1.1-5.1+deb8u4build0.14.04.1_amd64.deb
sudo apt install ./libxerces-c3.1_3.1.1-5.1+deb8u4build0.14.04.1_amd64.deb

sudo apt install ./xarp-2.2.2-amd64-ubuntu-10.04.1.deb

and enjoy:

$ xarp --version
XArp - Advanced ARP Spoofing Detection
version XArp 2.2.2


what does "sudo apt-get install aptitude" do?

apt-get install PACKAGE_NAME

Is the command used to install any package you know the name for, like aptitude.
sudo is used to earn root access and be able to install and remove software. sudo is always required if you do system wide changes like installing, removing, updating and upgrading packages.

apt-get

Is the command used to manage any software and software sources. install is an extra command that tells the computer that you want to install software with the package name as follows. It will then check the software sources for a download link with the same name and then download and install the latest version (or specified version).

update

will update the sofware sources with new versions of the software listed (not installing anything)

upgrade

upgrades the software if new versions are available in the software sources.

remove

removes the package name specified after (like install).

there are more useful commands, but these are necessary for getting started with managing software from the terminal.

Aptitude
After more research on aptitude i found out that it's already installed. So installing aptitude wouldn't resolve in anything besides errors in the conosle. Start aptitude by:

sudo aptitude

The aptitude package is a GUI version of the apt-get command, it hasn't got the full set of features as apt-get but you have the basics like, remove, update, upgrade, install, etc. More information about aptitude and it features can be found here.

Also search in the software center if you want o use a GUI to find and install/uninstall applications.

Useful sources:

Installing software - Ubuntu wiki
apt-get/HowTo - Ubuntu wiki


Upgrading from Ubuntu 16.04 to 18.04 broke the system completely!

This was sort of expected, as an upgrade from 16.04 to 18.04 isn't ready yet. It should be ready by "late July".
This is from 18.04's release notes:

Upgrading from Ubuntu 16.04 LTS or 17.10
Upgrades from 17.10 will not be enabled until a few days after 18.04's release. Upgrades from 16.04 LTS will not be enabled until a few days after the 18.04.1 release expected in late July.


libre office ls: error initializing month strings 13.04

Ugly hack: as root edit the starter script eg: nano /usr/bin/libreoffice

Search for section marked with "# resolve installation directory". There you find a line with an ls command, add the "--time-style=iso " option for ls. The fixed line should look like:

sd_res=ls --time-style=iso -l "$sd_basename" | sed "s/.*$sd_basename -> //g"

You may have to fix more than this invocation of ls. This is a temporary fix, as a new version of libreoffice will overwrite the statup script, so you have to do again if the problem still will be there. Also you can check, if you type "ls -l" into a terminal and no error message then the problem is solved.


Ubuntu 14.04 Crashed and I don't know how to get back

You can use Ubuntu Installation Cd then once you boot it go through option try Ubuntu... this will takes you to a live session.

Once you are in you can try to update your GRUB and restart. If this doesn't help boot again to liveCD and make a backup of your data then try to figure what crashes your system. If you can't get reasons you can just reinstall.

  To install grub from live cd

Boot from a Live CD.

Hit Alt+Ctrl+T to open terminal and run following commands:

sudo mount /dev/sdaX /mnt

replace sdaX with your Ubuntu partition (mostly sda1)

Install the GRUB2 boot loader:

sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda

Rermark that installing grub to harddisk  itself not the Ubuntu partition

Then Unmount the Ubuntu partition

sudo umount /dev/sdaX

Now restart and test it.


Unity: How can I make Alt+TAB browse through all my windows without grouping them?

Here is my solution:

Install compizconfig-settings-manager and open it (type ccsm in terminal).
Go to Desktop > Ubuntu Unity Plugin.
Open Switcher tab and make key to start the switcher and key to start the switcher in reverse disabled.
Go back to CompizConfig Settings Manager.
Go to Window Management and enable Application Switcher.
Open Application Switcher and change key bindings of "Next Window (All windows)" to Alt-Tab and "Prev window (All windows)" to Shift-Alt-Tab.

Then you will start to use a different switcher instead of Unity's switcher.


Go into the directory where Quintet.x86 file is placed.
Then run ./Quintet.x86 command.


Where does Empathy go when minimized in Gnome3 shell?

When you click the close button, you've closed the window. So it's gone.  Empathy is still running, but without any open windows. There's info on restoring minimize/maximize buttons here:

How can I move Chrome's buttons to the right in Gnome3's Shell


I can't help with your plymouth script, but I can suggest another solution, which you may or may not find satisfactory.
I have this same problem with degraded raid, I simply opted to always boot a degraded raid.

sudo nano /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/mdadm

and set BOOT_DEGRADED=yes


A single search of apt-cache search speech to text returned a program called "Julius":

Description of the package julius:

speech recognition engine
 Julius is a high-performance, two-pass large vocabulary continuous
 speech recognition (LVCSR) engine.
 .
 It supports N-gram based dictation, DFA grammar based parsing, and
 one-pass isolated word recognition. Phone context dependencies are
 supported up to triphone. It can perform a multi-model decoding, a
 recognition using several LMs and AMs simultaneously with a single
 processor, and also supports "hot plugging" of arbitrary modules at
 run time.
 .
 This package contains the executable applications, a set of tools
 useful to build recognition grammar and some examples (like a
 script to use Julius to execute some predetermined commands).

Installation: sudo apt-get install julius


Activities (top left) does not work after some time in Ubuntu GNOME 17.04

The equivalent of restarting Explorer.exe in GNOME would be if you press.

Alt + (which means at the same time) F2
Now you are going to get a box that looks like this come up without anything in it.

And type in r and press enter

If that doesn't work then open a terminal or to a different tty and type in gnome-shell --replace

If you need to restart GDM which would log you out of your account, the command would be systemctl restart gdm.service


How can I hide the simplistic photo editing buttons in Shotwell?

Short answer: You can't, those buttons are part of the UI.

Long answer: There's a couple of options.  Shotwell is open source/free software, so of course you're welcome to download the source and modify it to suit your needs.  You could also file a Shotwell ticket for a preference to disable that toolbar.  It's probably not a feature we're likely to add unless there's more demand for it.

You can file a ticket here:
http://trac.yorba.org/newticket


How to expose VM image outside host machine?

I set the network adapter type to "Bridged Adapter". Then the VM gets its own IP address on the LAN and can be accessed using that.


How to install HTML (Gecko) support in Wine?

Download the latest Gecko files for your Wine version at https://wiki.winehq.org/Gecko. So if you have Wine 5.* you should download:

wine-gecko-2.47.1-x86.msi
wine-gecko-2.47.1-x86_64.msi

And you do need both x86 and x86_64 for this to work, but there is no need to download the .tar.bz2 versions, .msi is what you want.
Then put them into the ~/.cache/wine/ directory and initialize/run Wine for the first time, such as by running wineboot or wine someapp.exe, but make sure you don't already have a ~/.wine/ directory, if you do have one Wine won't install Gecko.
But of course don't delete the ~/.wine/ directory if you have important files there!


if the partition disappeared entirely, then you might try gparted with gpart and try to recover partition table, though if you did not have too many mods in windows, you might just try recreating a partition approx. where it was and reinstalling then using data recovery software in windows.


diclaimer: this should work by reading the manpages, but I'm not able to test this at this moment

Create a ~/.nvidia-settings-rc file, containing/adding

CurrentMetaMode=DFP-1: 1920x1080 { ViewPortOut=1850x1045+40+20, ViewPortIn=1920x1080 }

Alternatively, run

nvidia-settings --rewrite-config-file

to overwrite the ~/.nvidia-settings-rc file with the current state of the X Server settings configuration.
Then edit/create your ~/.xinitrc file:

nvidia-settings --load-config-only &

To load the settings from the RC file after logging in as that user.

For more information, read the manpage nvidia-settings(1).


Permission denied when writing a file to new filesystem

For new ext4 etc filesystem, you need to change the permissions so your user can access it and read/write to it - using for example:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /data

Where /data is the path to where the drive is mounted - if you do this in the wrong place it will likely break things.
$USER is replaced with the user's username by the shell.

For more info read the chown manual page [ 1] [2]:

man chown

And to view permissions on stuff you can use ls -ld /data for a directory, and ls -l /data for the files in it.

For some other filesystems - e.g. NTFS, you can specify the permissions via the mount options - see here.


Ubuntu blank login screen after installing kubuntu 15.04 with plasma, only guest login is possible

Press CTRL + ALT + F2 and login with your username and password.

Then, run the following commands:

cd /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d
ls

This should list all the files in this directory.

You should only have one file in this directory named 50-unity-greeter.conf, this file should contain the following:

[SeatDefaults]
greeter-session=unity-greeter

Delete any other files in this directory using the rm command with sudo.

Then, restart lightdm using the following command:

sudo service lightdm restart


Is there any Screen Recording + Video Editing software like Camtasia for Ubuntu?

The source for information about an app and how well behaved it is under WINE is https://appdb.winehq.org/ and the reviews https://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=application&iId=7983 of Camtasia under WINE are poor.  Evidently the programming of Camtasia does not use documented APIs.

Alternatives are listed at https://alternativeto.net/software/camtasia-studio/?platform=linux although we are abjured from making recommendations regarding applications. For that, please visit http://softwarerecs.stackexchange.com .


I would start by finding out which version(s) of flash (or flash alternatives are installed).

$ dpkg -l | egrep "flash|gnash|swf"

Also check if was installed manually (some 64-bit users do this):

$ find ~/.mozilla | grep -i flashplugin.so


Subversion stops working on http:// checkouts

It works fine for me - I am also using 10.10. Can you browse to the repository in a web browser OK?

Have you tried again later? Maybe it was a temporary problem with their website that has since been fixed.

Another possibility is that there is something in your subversion config causing an issue. Maybe you could try

mv ~/.subversion ~/.subversion_old

And then try the checkout again.


You can install latest development packages for the elementary icons theme from the elementary Xfce PPA (daily) . If you still encounter issues, feel free to report them on the project's GitHub tracker.

To install the icons, as root:

add-apt-repository ppa:landronimirc/elementary-xfce
apt-get update
apt-get install xubuntu-icon-theme


You can inject temporary netplan configuration by writing config files under /run/netplan and running netplan apply.  However, if these are temporary routes, there's no reason you can't continue to use the commands you're familiar with to configure these directly in the kernel ('ip route add', 'route add').