Enable the Network Card for Virtual Box in the Options, and set the Connection type to NAT, then reboot the VM for the settings to take effect.


duplicated information to retrieve and assign to variable

Instead of doing a range match, I think it will be easier to just read it from top to bottom.
#!/bin/bash

declare -A A=()

while read -r b c; do
    A[$b]=$c
done < <(awk '
    /^ *sys app /{b=substr($3,12)}
    /^ *address /{a[b]=sprintf("%s %s",a[b],$2)}
    END {
        for(c in a){print c a[c])}
    }' file)

# Let's iterate the assosiative array.
for d in ${!A[@]}; do
    set -- ${A[$d]}
    echo 1st   - $d: $1
    echo 2nd   - $d: $2
    echo All   - $d: $@
    echo Last  - $d: ${@:(-1)}
    echo Range - $d: ${@:1:2}
done


Mapping changes to keyboard layout not taking effect

XKB does not recognize all character names, and probably it doesn't understand Georgian_ghan. Try 0x010010e6 instead.

(ღ is also available with the Georgian layout through Shift+R.)


Disabled my built in laptop camera, but it re-enables after reboot

Try adding the echo "0" > /sys/bus/usb/... command you mentioned in your question to the rc.local file.

Do this by running sudo nano /etc/rc.local, and then adding the command echo "0" > /sys/bus/usb/... before the exit 0 line. You can then save it with Ctrl+O.

On using rc.local, see here. It basically runs the command on boot, so might disable the camera, on boot.

To get it to work, make it executable with chmod +x rc.local.

If you need to stop rc.local running on boot, use chmod -x rc.local. If you want to re-enable the camera without rebooting, you might be able to use echo "1" > /sys/bus/usb/... - note the 1 value..


Try changing your screen resloution in system settings to a lower one than currently selected.

I've had such a problem before when using a projector, that could only handle 720p. The settings were 1080p by default and the "overflow" was just cut off, so I could only see the center of the output.


ls command is only showing files, and no folders (spaces? instead of them)

Based on your screenshot, it appears that the files are indeed being displayed.  It's just that they happen to have the same color as the background so you are not seeing them.

Some solutions:

1) (recommended) Change the color scheme:  Make sure nothing shares the same color as the background by opening a terminal and go to Edit > Profile Preferences > Colors tab.

-OR-

2) Change your background color: Follow instructions from (1).

-OR-

3) Stop ls from printing in different colors:  Go into your ~/.bashrc file and locate the line that says alias ls='ls --color=auto'.  Comment it out by typing # in front of it.


Search document by keyword using Unity Lenses

I recommend to install and use Recoll Lens:

  Recoll is a full text search desktop tool which indexes the contents
  of many file formats including OpenOffice, MS Office, PostScript, MP3
  and other audio files, JPEG and more. Besides regular searches, Recoll
  also lets you perform some advanced operations like searching for the
  author, file size, file format as well as operators like "AND" or
  "OR".

  Unity Recoll Lens lets you use Recoll from Dash, without having to
  open any additional GUI. The lens comes with a few filters like Text,
  Spreadsheet, Presentation, Media or Message, but for more advanced
  searches, you'll have to manually enter the Recoll search query.
  Examples: author:"john doe" metallica OR megadeth /2007 (all documents
  from 2007 or older) dir:/path/to/dir (filters content from
  /path/to/dir directory).


One way to find where the installed files are supposed to be would be to use apt-file command. It should tell you the path where files are or would be installed.
There are two ways of using it:

apt-file show pkg - Listing the files in the package
apt-file search pattern  - search for the file name matching pattern

For example, in my ubuntu 18.04 virtual machine the following shows the content of libuhd003.010.003 package:
$ apt-file show libuhd003.010.003
libuhd003.010.003: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libuhd.so.003.010.003
libuhd003.010.003: /usr/share/doc/libuhd003.010.003/changelog.Debian.gz
libuhd003.010.003: /usr/share/doc/libuhd003.010.003/copyright

Similarly, the following command shows packages and locations for the files with names matching pattern 'libuhd.so'
$ apt-file search libuhd.so
libuhd-dev: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libuhd.so
libuhd003.010.003: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libuhd.so.003.010.003

You can then check if the files are in their expected location.


Removing a bad sector from an NTFS partition. Badblocks gave me an output. now what?

...well now gparted says it's clean!! AT LAST!! ...anyways I'm not sure what exactly solved the problem but I'll list what I've done backwards:

sudo ntfsfix -b /dev/sda6 which gave out:

Mounting volume... OK
Processing of $MFT and $MFTMirr completed successfully.
Checking the alternate boot sector... OK
NTFS volume version is 3.1.
Going to un-mark the bad clusters ($BadClus)... OK
NTFS partition /dev/sda6 was processed successfully.

but before that I did:

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda6 bs=1024 count=1 seek=303975848
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda6 bs=1024 count=1 seek=303975849
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda6 bs=1024 count=1 seek=303975850
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda6 bs=1024 count=1 seek=303975851

and before that I did

sudo badblocks -nvs /dev/sda6 ... which took 2 whole days to finish!

anyways, lastly, before the last command, I opened windows 7 and used the chkdsk utility (right click the partition, properties, "tools"(or something like that), check for errors)

I hope this helps anyone.


When I use variables that are defined in a code that will be pasted in another file it shall not be printed in the file. Why?

If you're asking why cp file1 file1$x becomes cp file1 file1 or cp file1 file1foo (where foo is the value of $x in the current shell), then it's because the $x undergoes variable expansion when inside double quotes.

You can prevent variable expansion by using single quotes:

echo 'x=0
while true; do
((i++))
cp file1 file1$x
done
' >> file1

or (more idiomatically) by using a here document with a quoted terminator

cat >> file1 << 'EOF'
x=0
while true; do
((i++))
cp file1 file1$x
done
EOF


How to get package when Ubuntu Archive not working?

You can download the deb file right from the page you listed. I was just looking roght at them. Is your browser blocking the download for some reason? You can easily install it with Gdebi. If you dont't have Gdebi you can get it with ubuntu Software manager.


You'll want to press the Architect button in the Application list view to pin those applications to the 2 machines.


How to scroll in any direction with evince PDF viewer using mouse dragging

You can drag using middle mouse button in evince to scroll the document.


Does installing Ubuntu overwrite windows bootloader?

Wubi maybe the easiest way to go, but it will make your Ubuntu 'part of windows'.

The upside is: you can easily uninstall it just like any windows program.

The downside: its just slightly slower and a touch less stable then if you install Ubuntu on its own drive or partition, outside of windows.

But, as you guessed, the Ubuntu installer (grub2) will mess up your Windows bootloader.
However, to avoid that is easy: the trick is to place the Ubuntu bootloader in its own boot partition, instead of it modifying the one from windows. Follow the link that Rick Green added below your question.

A very good step by step description how to do this, is here.


There have been many discussions about dead keys, how they should be used to be able to generate accented characters, etc. The behaviour of characters such as ~ and ^ may depend on your system's locale settings and the input method of the specific program.

I personally find this bug report interesting.

If you hit a special character's key and nothing happens, chances are that the system is waiting whether you mean to input an accented character. Hitting  (space) should usually get you the character itself.


X11 apps (specifically xman) on a large 4K TV are tiny -- how does one upscale x11 apps? OR Have any recommendations for a man page GUI?[Ubuntu 20.04]

There is a "run_scaled" tool. Basically it will scale up X windows with a set scaling factor (the default is 2). It does not work with some applications, but for xterm, xmgrace it works. Likely will work with xman as well.
Link to the relevant SO topic: run_scaledtool


How to download and install unmet dependencies automatically

To upgrade all unmet dependencies of a package, you should install the package then run apt-get -f install.

Here's what you should generally do when you have unmet dependencies. First:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

The first command updates the package index, and the second upgrades any packages you have installed.

Then install your package using dpkg -i <packagename>. Then do:

sudo apt-get -f install
sudp dpkg -a --configure

The first command goes out and looks for the dependencies and installs/upgrades them, and the second one continues the installation of your package (this is usually done by the first command anyways).

If you are getting errors, please copy and paste the exact commands you have used and the exact output you see. In your comment on the other answer, you mentioned you're not getting "unmet dependencies", so please clarify your question again and state exactly what you want to do.


Is it possible to create commands, put it in one file and run without "./"?

Solution 1: Bash functions

Bash functions behave much the same like commands. You can put functions into - for example - your ~/.bashrc file, like

hello() {
   echo Hello World!
}

Then you can run this like any other command as long as you start it from your shell, and not from a cron job, init script etc:

me@pc:~$ hello
Hello World!

Solution 2: The ~/bin directory

The default ~/.profile file adds the ~/bin directory to your path if that directory exists. So create a bin directory in your home folder, and place your scripts into that that directory. You still have to use chmod +x on the scripts, but you do not have to prefix them with ./

Do not forget to relogin after creating the bin directory!


Trying to enable IPv6 results in a "No route to host" error

Inside your virtual machine, run the following:

ping6 ff02::2%eth0

This ff02::2 is the IPv6 "all routers" multicast address. The on-link router will respond to the ping with its own address. For example:

64 bytes from fe80::56e6:fcff:fef4:66f1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.347 ms

You can then add this in as the gateway address.

iface eth0 inet6 static
        .....
        gateway fe80::56e6:fcff:fef4:66f1
        .....


How can I access recovery mode, Ubuntu 14.04 LTS?

you may have several issues but here is how you may solve one of them

Boot to the live cd and select try
Once booted go to a terminal and type sudo su
Now you should be in root access.. On the desktop you should see an icon for your drive
Right click that icon and choose mount. Then click on it to open it.
Once open navigate to the /etc/sudoers.d folder
Once there highlight the long path to the folder and copy it
Go back to the root terminal and type

cd <right click and paste in that long path line>

It should look something like this

cd /media/xubuntu/4272e2f1-d9ef-fc67-9f9a-57272d01e705/etc/sudoers.d/

press enter and you should be in the sudoers.d folder

type touch <username> where username is the name of the user you want to have sudo

then type

mousepad <username> again where the username is the account you want to have access to sudo

In mousepad add the following line

%<username> ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

of course substituting <username> so if the username was joe it would read %joe  ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

If you want to be able to use sudo without having to type the password every time you can use this line instead

%<username> ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

This will not add or change the password of the user though so if you deleted the password for the user then this will not work because sudo will not accept a blank password.

save the file and when you reboot into your normal Ubuntu .. the user you added should have sudo privileges again


Error when I try to install desktop integration features for Openoffice

LibreOffice, the office suite that comes preinstalled on Ubuntu is a fork of OpenOffice. That means that basically it's the same program with some modifications. And again that means that they conflict in lots of places.

You can't have both installed at the same time without using some tricks, like installing one from source.

So the easiest way to solve your problems is to uninstall libreoffice before trying to install Openoffice.


Need help installing streamlink-twitch-gui on Ubuntu 16.04!

SOLVED!
It turns out that the command I need to put is ./
It turns out to be like this ./addmenu-items.sh & ./start.sh

Thank you.


How to install i386 packages on Ubuntu on ARM-based Nexus 7?

You can't install a i386 package on ARM, but it is very well possible that an ARM alternative exists or if source code is available you might be able to compile from sources.


You had to have created a password during installation--if you were not the one who installed the system, ask for the password from the person who did. There is no default password. See this post for reset instructions (though since you said you just installed the system, it may be easier for you to simply re-install it): How do I reset a lost administrative password? Hope this helps!


Meaning of files in /var/log/lightdm/ and how to properly read lightdm.log file?

Read this Q&A if you want more info on the boot/login process.

lightdm.log is the log file where your display manager (also called login manager) lightdm write its messages.

After lightdm started the X-server, the X's first and last messages (like a header and a footer) will go into x-N.log, where N represents the display, just like in /var/log/Xorg.N.log which is the log file for the other messages from X.

The x-N-greeter.log file is the log file where the greeter (on ubuntu it is unity-greeter) messages are written, N again represents the display number.

You should start with lightdm.log and read it sequentially, and you will see that is is always reported when and where newer log files are created, e.g.:

[+0.22s] DEBUG: Logging to /var/log/lightdm/lightdm.log
...
[+0.31s] DEBUG: Logging to /var/log/lightdm/x-0.log
...
[+0.87s] DEBUG: Logging to /var/log/lightdm/x-0-greeter.log

Yes, those log files are regenerated on every reboot, but the previous log is saved with the .old suffix.


SSH tunneling with relay and dynamic IPs

Based on the scenario Alexandre needs a VPN device/server that is on the public internet.

  locale machine makes tunnel <==> VPN Server <==> remote machine makes tunne|

Once both machines are tunneled into the VPN device, they can see each other, and he can do the work he wants.

Another answer is for Alexandre is to open up Tunneling using his firewall/router, and just VPN directly to his network via the Real IP address for his firewall/router.  This would cut out the middle man and could serve the same purpose.

Machine makes tunnel <==> Router/Firewall this then gives him access to his server.


What to do if connection failed during installation

I had the same problem while downloading. Check the following thread:
https://askubuntu.com/a/277520/249322


Issues connecting to Mobile Broadband - Ubuntu 14.10, Pantech UML290-VW

Unfortunately, you've hit a bug that is fixed in Debian but not released in Ubuntu yet.

Subscribe to the bug tracking list so you will be informed when a bug fix is released...

The only two thing you can do for now is the work-around you've already found:

Remove and re-insert the modem physically.
After the modem goes online (and fails), disconnect from the connection (don't unplug the modem), disable mobile broadband, re-enable it, and connect again. Credit for this workaround: SF


Desura fails to run: Error loading library libcef_desura.so

Im the developer of Desura and the one responsible for breaking it last night. :(

There was an update that tried to use your system libraries over the ones bundled with Desura but there was a bug in the script that caused 32 bit libs to be used instead of the 64 bit ones (when your running 64bit Desura).

Force update desura (ether via the menu or running Desura with -f "./desura -f") and it should fix it.


My desktop Wallpaper keeps Disappearing whenever i Log in.?

Copy all your wallpapers to the Pictures subfolder of your home folder. Right-click on the desktop and click Change Desktop Background. Select picutre instead of wallpaper. All your wallpapers (in the Pictures folder) will appear. Select one as your background.


What to do with .desktop files that comes in tar.gz

.desktop files in general are text configuration files that are rather universally used in modern linux desktops. Their main purpose is to inform the menu system of the desktop on the existence of an application on the system. The desktop environment will populate its application menu based on the information found in .desktop files present systemwide in /usr/share/applacations, or in the user's home folder in $HOME/.local/share/applications. When the user clicks the menu item, the application is launched based on the information in the .desktop file.

Your .desktop file will be included in your menu when you move it to the folder ~/.local/share/applications. It typically will appear practically immediately in your application menu. If it does not appear after a short while, log out and back in.

Your .desktop file is a text file that you can open with a text editor. It will always contain a line starting with "Exec=". Make sure that the "Exec=" line in your .desktop file points to the actual executable file of the program. Since you are manually installing, this likely may not be the case. You probably will need to edit the .desktop file to update the path given after "Exec=" to reflect the actual path on your system.


Looking from here, it doesn't seem askubuntu.com has any AAAA (IPv6) DNS records.  Not everything does, after all.  So it's not that you haven't visited it before, it's that it just doesn't exist for anybody.


I have the same issue in my aspire 5738zg. I tried all the ubuntu since 9.04 with no luck, and some other distros as well. After reading almost every forum i could find, i came to the conclusion that the system fails to load the module after it's disabled. You could try to unload/load the modules directly:

sudo modprobe -r psmouse
sudo modprobe psmouse

This should make your touchpad work again...


Ubuntu repositories: difference between samba and samba4

apt-cache show samba

This package provides the components necessary to use Samba as a
stand-alone file and print server.  For use in an NT4 domain or Active
Directory realm, you will also need the winbind package.
This package is not required for connecting to existing SMB/CIFS servers
(see smbclient) or for mounting remote filesystems (see cifs-utils).

apt-cache show samba4

These packages contain snapshot versions of Samba 4, the next-generation
version of Samba. These should be considered _experimental_, and should
not be used in production.This package contains the main daemon.


ERROR 403: Sorry, not allowed to fetch that type of file: jdk-7u80-linux-x64.tar.gz in 14.04

Purge all you old versions and install a latest Oracle JDK.
Just follow the steps given in this site to install JDK


Can I install Ubuntu on a PC that has a touch screen?

Try booting LiveUSB on it.
If it doesn't work, check if the touchscreen is listed there:

http://lii-enac.fr/en/architecture/linux-input/multitouch-devices.html

You can also check info at https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Multitouch , especially https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Multitouch/Testing that contains descriptions of tools to check multitouch devices. You can install them in the live session in the same way as on an installed system.


The part that you mention comes earlier in the .bashrc, while what's mentioned in the duplicate comes a little bit later, in the PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ ' part. They work together, though !

So what does the code you mention  say in terms of plain English ? Here it is for reference.

if [ -z "${debian_chroot:-}" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then
    debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)
fi

It starts with this part ${debian_chroot:-}.  Do we have that debian_chroot variable set ? If yes, echo that variable, but if not - echo whatever comes after -. And what comes after - ? Nothing ! Exactly that !  Why bother ? What if the variable is set ? Then we don't need to execute body of the if statement and just use debian_chroot variable as is inside PS1 prompt later. Remember I said those two pieces of code work together ? OK, moving on.

Next step, if we evaluated the variable to be blank, we check for existance of readable /etc/debian_chroot file. On Ubuntu 14.04 at least , there's no /etc/debian_chroot file. So whenever you start bash it goes "Oh, so debian_chroot is not set and we don't have that file there . . .OK, leave only \u@\h:\w\$ inside the prompt ! "

Now what happens if we DO have that file ?

xieerqi:
$ sudo vi /etc/debian_chroot
[sudo] password for xieerqi:

xieerqi:
$ bash
(HELLOWORLD)xieerqi@eagle:~$ echo $debian_chroot
HELLOWORLD
(HELLOWORLD)xieerqi@eagle:~$

OK, trace the code again : do we have debian_chroot set ? No. Do we have that /etc/debian_chroot file ? Yes, so take its contents , and shove them into this users PS1 prompt.  Looks like that's exactly what happened in my output, right ?


Can you install the desktop OS using sd card?

Tools to Create an Installer SD Card
You can create an installer SD card using Rufus - https://rufus.ie/, Etcher - https://www.balena.io/etcher/, Ventoy - https://www.ventoy.net/en/index.html, or YUMI - https://www.pendrivelinux.com/yumi-multiboot-usb-creator/ in Windows.
In Ubuntu you can use Gnome-Disks, dd and Startup Disk Creator, they are built into Ubuntu. My favorite is mkusb - https://help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb/gui


Have you tried glxinfo | grep Accelerated. There are some others (including me) who seem to have lost hardware acceleration with 18.04. That might cause choppy video feedback.


You have a couple of options, you can use a LocalStorage to create a local sqlite database to keep your settings in.  Or you can use the (still very alpha-stage) U1DB component, which will still use a local sqlite database, but also allows you to sync your settings database between the user's different machines/devices.


How to disable touchpad while using trackpoint on a Thinkpad?

Disabling touchpad when keyboard is in use

This function is performed by the syndaemon utility, from the xserver-xorg-input-synaptics package. You can set options such as the idle time, the polling frequency, etc (see runtime help):

Usage: syndaemon [-i idle-time] [-m poll-delay] [-d] [-t] [-k]
  -i How many seconds to wait after the last key press before
     enabling the touchpad. (default is 2.0s)
  -m How many milli-seconds to wait until next poll.
     (default is 200ms)
  ...
  -t Only disable tapping and scrolling, not mouse movements.

Here's the source code for syndaemon.c.

The important functions are keyboard_activity(...) and main_loop(...)
keyboard_activity uses the XQueryKeyMap API call to get the current state of the keyboard (1 bit per key), and then compares is to the last (old) state; if they are different, it returns 1
main_loop polls keyboard_activity every m milliseconds, and based on the "last activity time" and whether keyboard_activity returns true or false, it decides whether to disable or enable the touchpad.
The dp_get_device function illustrates how X input devices are enumerated; you should be able to modify this and the keyboard_activity function to also check for any trackpoint activity.

The xinput tool lists devices and IDs, for example"

Virtual core pointer                     id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad                id=11   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ TPPS/2 IBM TrackPoint                     id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]
You can get this (the ID) via the XListInputDevices function
After that, you must get a device handle from the ID using the XOpenDevice
Then, you use the XQueryDeviceState function to obtain the coordinates of the TrackPoint pointer; similar to the existing loop, you poll this every so often and check if the coordinates have changed (i.e. the TrackPoint is in use), and use that to toggle the touchpad on or off
You can use the xinput utility with the query-state switch and device ID to check if your programming is correct, for example:

$ xinput query-state 12
2 classes :
ButtonClass
button[1]=up
button[2]=up
button[3]=up
button[4]=up
button[5]=up
button[6]=up
button[7]=up
ValuatorClass Mode=Relative Proximity=In
valuator[0]=854
valuator[1]=867

You are interested in the valuator values, which are X and Y coordinates of the TrackPoint
See the xinput source for more tips
To modify and rebuild this package:

Get the source with apt-get source...
Make your modifications to tools/syndaemon.c
Disable the existing syndaemon patches by commenting out the 118... and 124... lines in debian/patches/series
Build your modified package with dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc and the deb files will be in the parent directory.


This may be caused by some application writing to an unlinked temporary file - such files will not show in du output (since they have no entries in any directory) but the application is still able to write to it so the file will grow and take up space.

You can use lsof +L command to find files which have hardlink count of zero and see which process owns the file. Restarting the process should free up the space.

See this answer for a slightly longer explanation


java not allowing for the use of all 8gb of ram

The fact that you have a PAE kernel doesn't really matter here, a 32 bit JVM suffer this limit, you can try to adopt a 64 bit memory model on a JVM by invoking

java -d64

but this will probably fail if you have a 32 bit only JVM. So get yourself a 64 bit JVM if you want to solve this.


wget to get a file generated by a php script

Solved by getting the CURL command to go from the browser to download the .csv


netplan configuration not applying ethernet LAN

/etc/network/interfaces should look like this...
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml should look like this...
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp38s0f1:
      addresses: [192.168.1.67/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.1.1
      match:
        macaddress: 80:fa:5b:7d:94:8f
      #set-name: ethMine
      nameservers:
        addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]
      optional: true
  vlans:
    ethMine.200:
      id: 200
      link: enp38s0f1
      addresses: [192.168.1.167/24]
  wifis:
    wlx7ca7b0bbf9f1:
      addresses: [10.10.10.15/24]
      gateway4: 10.10.10.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]
      access-points:
        "myssid":
          password: "mypasswd"

sudo netplan --debug generate
sudo netplan apply
reboot


Intel NUC NUC5i5RYH - Boot - only mouse pointer appears (Xubuntu 14.04, 14.10)

Just to add to the above, I downloaded xubuntu-14.04-desktop-i386.iso tonight and managed to successfully install it on my new NUC5i5RYH with a USB thumb drive using the "nomodeset" setting in front of "quiet splash" when editing the installer options.

The menus all worked OK during the install process. However, as soon as it booted without the "nomodeset" option then it was behaving erratically, resulting in the desktop freezing or not even loading (I had set auto-login on the user account).

After attempting to boot again using the "nomodeset" option, the desktop appeared without issue, the keyboard and mouse worked perfectly.

Following the guide from https://forums.plex.tv/index.php/topic/110971-definitive-intel-nuc-how-to-guide-surround-sound-over-hdmi-apple-remote-graphics-part-2/ I managed to install the Intel Graphics drivers. However, after restarting and loading back in to the OS, strangely the desktop was only drawing/appearing when highlighting buttons or drop-down menus, otherwise was completely black all over.

Switching to the shell using CTRL+ALT+F1 as above worked OK.


I tried the same desktop file definition and it works as expected for me. So double check that the launcher script has the right permissions:

chmod u+x /usr/local/robomongo-0.8.4-i386/bin/robomongo.sh

Alternatively you may try the following Exec command:

Exec=bash /usr/local/robomongo-0.8.4-i386/bin/robomongo.sh


One of Ubuntu Touch’s most appealing features is the ability to dock the device and run a full desktop environment from it. The advantage of that is that all your apps, your movie collection, your music, photos, documents etc. go with you without having to sync between phone and desktop.1

15 pillars of Ubuntu Touch success


Boots to emergency mode after installing Windows 10

I didn't find a solution to this. I ended up doing a fresh Ubuntu install. I was able to use the existing /home, so a lot of settings were preserved


Upgrading 11.10 gives: libcurl3-gnutls, libp11-kit0 - Dependency error

This has solved the problem.

Doing a

apt-get install libp11-kit0/oneiric libcurl3-gnutls/oneiric

fixed this.


When you are in a video call, you can share your desktop by click on the video button (as in the picture) then click share your screen>choose what to share.


How to compress 3000 images in batches of 50

Let's assume your images are stored in ~/Pictures which is shorthand for /home/USER_ID/Pictures. Place the following commands in your home directory in a script file called CompressImages. Make the file executable using:

chmod a+x ~/CompressImages

Call the script using:

~/CompressImages

Copy the following script into the file ~/CompressImages:

#!/bin/bash

# Where to store Tars? We don't want in Images directory
COMPRESSED_DIR="$HOME/Downloads"
# TARs created with name below + "_999.tar"
TAR_NAME="CompressedImages"
# Directory Images are located in
FILES="$HOME/Pictures/*"

FileCount=50     # Number of files compressed into one Tar
TarCount=0       # Count of Tars created

i=0
for f in $FILES
do
    if [[ $(( i % FileCount )) -eq 0 ]] ; then
        let TarCount++
        TarName="$COMPRESSED_DIR/$TAR_NAME$TarCount.tar"
        tar -cvpf "$TarName" "$f"   # create .tar & add first file
    else
        tar -rvpf "$TarName" "$f"   # Add to existing tar
    fi
    let i++
done

After running CompressImages script check the results:

$ ll -h ~/Downloads/*.tar

-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  14M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages10.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  48M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages11.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  16M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages12.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  55M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages13.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  45M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages14.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  43M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages15.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  37M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages16.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  38M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages17.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  44M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages18.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  47M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages19.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick 180M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages1.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  53M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages20.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  33M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages21.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  13M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages22.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  26M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages23.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick 1.4M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages24.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  13M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages2.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  15M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages3.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  23M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages4.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  11M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages5.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  12M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages6.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  20M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages7.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick 7.4M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages8.tar
-rw-rw-r-- 1 rick rick  21M Jun 18 16:55 Downloads/CompressedImages9.tar


Open Software -center

search and install

  pointing devices

Launch and customize your settings.


My terminal does not redirecting to Text Editor App

The system did what you asked. Opening the file in nano, which is a small editor that can run in the terminal. It will also run in a text console, which is very useful in case the graphical environment is broken.
The command for the graphical editor in Ubuntu is gedit. However, you cannot just change nano in your command. That would start the graphical editor with elevated permissions, i.e., as root. In some cases, running a graphical program with elevated permissions (as root) can affect the file permissions in your home, and may cause problems. Also for reasons of security, running a graphical application as root is discouraged and is being deprecated. Therefore, never use the sudo command to run graphical applications. Only use sudo for terminal commands.
The currently supported way of editing system files with a graphical editor is by using the admin:// URI. Thus, open your system file /etc/fstab with the following command to edit it with root privileges in a safe way:
gedit admin:///etc/fstab

A graphical dialog appears where you should submit your user password. The very first time in a session, you you are asked two times in a row.
Through this mechanism, you are editing a temporary copy of the system file as a regular user. Once you hit save, the system file is being updated.
See some alternative methods to edit files with GUI editors in the link.


can't get PHP running on apache, having run these commands to set up apache with php

PHP must be enabled in Apache. Run
sudo a2enmod php7.4  # or whatever version of libapache2-mod-php7.X is installed

and restart Apache.


How can I uninstall only one of the versions of Libre Office?

apt-get accepts POSIX regexes (not shell-style wildcards):

sudo apt-get remove '^libreoffice4.3-*'

will remove

libreoffice4.3
libreoffice4.3-base
libreoffice4.3-calc
libreoffice4.3-debian-menus
libreoffice4.3-dict-en
libreoffice4.3-dict-es
libreoffice4.3-dict-fr
libreoffice4.3-draw
libreoffice4.3-en-us
libreoffice4.3-impress
libreoffice4.3-math
libreoffice4.3-ure
libreoffice4.3-writer

and those which depend on them. (That's why apt-get remove libreoffice4* doesn't do what you think it would.)

So try:

sudo apt-get remove '^libreoffice-.*' libreoffice

which will remove:

libreoffice-avmedia-backend-gstreamer
libreoffice-base-core
libreoffice-calc
libreoffice-common
libreoffice-core
libreoffice-draw
libreoffice-help-en-gb
libreoffice-help-en-us
libreoffice-impress
libreoffice-l10n-en-gb
libreoffice-l10n-en-za
libreoffice-math
libreoffice-pdfimport
libreoffice-style-galaxy
libreoffice-writer
libreoffice

From man apt-get:

If no package matches the given expression and the expression
contains one of '.', '?' or '*' then it is assumed to be a POSIX
regular expression, and it is applied to all package names in the
database. Any matches are then installed (or removed). Note that
matching is done by substring so 'lo.*' matches 'how-lo' and
'lowest'. If this is undesired, anchor the regular expression with
a '^' or '$' character, or create a more specific regular
expression.


How to remove uninstalled snaps from cache?

You can remove the files in /var/lib/snapd/cache without issue. Also there is no need to stop snapd before.
This was answered in Snapcraft forum:

…
The answers boil down to: you should not have a lot of files with hardlink count 1; at most 5 in the default install. If you have more than that, it’s a bug, please let us know.
And yes you can remove them without issue; no need to stop snapd.

Here the command to do that:
sudo rm /var/lib/snapd/cache/*


How can I make Ubuntu automatically detect the correct timezone based on my internet connection?

There is a script in GitHub to detect and update the current time zone, using geolocation from your IP address: https://github.com/cdown/tzupdate

Once python and python-pip are installed, the script can be installed as:

pip install -U tzupdate

And run as

sudo ~/.local/bin/tzupdate

This command could be somehow automatically run on startup.


I think that you're refering to Apport

  Apport is an Error Reporting Service provided by Ubuntu to intercept
  and analyse crashes and bugs as and when they occur. Crashes and Bugs
  may sound like bad things, but actually most operating systems will
  have several a day, and it doesn't mean your computer is broken, nor
  does it necessarily stop working. As such, Apport can usually be
  safely disabled, as it doesn't fix anything, it just tells developers
  that something went wrong.

All the commands below require that you open Terminal to run the commands.  To open Terminal, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard.  When it opens, run the command(s) below:

You can stop Apport for the running session with:

sudo service apport stop

To disable, you have to edit the apport file, and Change the line that says enabled=1 to enabled=0

sudo gedit /etc/default/apport

Or you can remove Apport:

sudo apt-get purge apport

Note: I personally don't recommend that you disable it.

Source: How to Ubuntu


How to optionally maximize so that the launcher won't get hidden?

I hope you are not using a notebook, as some of this may not be efficient without the full keyboard and a mouse.

There is a Compiz plugin called "grid" in the "Window Management" section of CompizConfig Settings Manager (CCSM).  I believe it may be enabled by default, so you can try it to see if this helps.

My suggestion, using this plugin, is to press Alt-Ctrl-KP5 (that's the 5 on the numeric keypad).  This combination will, on the first press, make the window fill all available space, but without being maximized.  The advantage is that you can then resize from the left to quickly expose the launcher.  You can do this even quicker than grabbing the left edge by using yet another Compiz plugin that may be enabled by default: press and hold the alt key, then using the middle mouse button to click on the left side of the window and drag to the right.


In general it's always helpful to write out all the commands and their results.

For Arduino in particular, what does this command return?

$ ls -l /dev/ttyACM*

If it indicates less permission, you might want to give yourself read and write access, e.g.:

sudo chmod 600 /dev/ttyACM0


I cannot install Ubuntu on my laptop running Windows 8

Windows 8 introduce two features :

UEFI witch is instead of BIOS
Secure Boot witch prevent anything but the installed operating system (here it's windows) to boot

The procedure is quite complex. Look at this question for further information :
How to install Ubuntu on UEFI enabled HP Pavilion HPE h9 tower


How does the command "linux-boot-prober" work?

I found the answer for my own question. The command read the boot/grub/grub.cfg or boot/grub/menu.lst on the device to look for the information.


named.conf - contains main configuration file for the DNS file.

named.conf.local - contains the local DNS server configuration, and this is where you declare the zones associated with the domain.

named.conf.local is basically included in named.conf (last line from named.conf):

include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local";

reference:

https://wiki.debian.org/Bind9


Wifi not working in Ubuntu in Acer aspire e5

I have a Notebook Acer E5-574G-77Z7
I was unable to install ubuntu 16.04 in dual boot with Windows 10 secure boot enabled, as the restart does not show the grub menu. I tried it in live mode. To solve the wireless driver problem I followed as described to this page:
http://p-s.co.nz/wordpress/dual-boot-ubuntu-16-04-on-win-10-acer-aspire-e15/

open a terminal

sudo mkdir /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/
sudo mkdir /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0

If it reports that the file already exists, that’s fine, just continue.

With a temporary working internet connection:

sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/kvalo/ath10k-firmware.git
cd ath10k-firmware/QCA9377/hw1.0
sudo cp board.bin /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0
sudo cp firmware-5.bin_WLAN.TF.1.0-00267-1 /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0/firmware-5.bin
sudo modprobe -r ath10k_pci
sudo modprobe ath10k_pci

Your wireless should be working; if not, try a reboot.


You don't say if you have properly configured your audio input, I suggest you take a look at Built-in microphone not detected?  whose answer is placed here for your convenience:

  Take a look at this:

  Skype doesn't find my audio input

  Original answer by @Treviño, Posted here for your convenience:

  The only way I've found to make my
  internal mic work in my laptops is to
  use pavucontrol (install it from the
  homonymous package) and disabling the
  volume of a channel (the right or the
  left one), since most of microphones
  are mono in fact.

  This is an huge workaround, by the
  way. I guess that this annoying bug
  should be fixed somewhere!

It worked for me in several laptops with stereo and/or mono built in microphone (on screen or panel).

Additionally, you may wish to take a look at your sound preferences, mentioned in the same page. Click this link: Skype doesn't find my audio input (this will lead you to a different answer in the same page).

Also posted here for your convenience:

  Under Sound Preferences, please post
  the "Hardware Tab" in order to check
  your profile, which should use at
  least an output + an input being in
  use. Otherwise, your hardware is not
  using the input profile which can be
  chosen right there.

  This answer may be changed after your
  posting in order to give you further
  details. Here is a sample. Thank you.

  Edit
  -- Here is the conversation in the general chat room.

Good luck!


copy table from libreoffice calc in word document

I'm not an expert on LibreOffice, but I believe the reason copying and pasting doesn't result in a visible table is that the table shown in Calc is merely an instrument (like ruler lines) rather than part of the document itself.

That said if you save the Calc file as .html then open the .html file in Writer and save as a document you can get a visible table, because it forces table to be written to the document as data.

Steps:

Open your Calc file and save as a .html file.
Open Writer and then open the .html file.
Save the file as a document (.odt, .doc, .docx, and etc).

Additional Resources:

Video of the process (MP4 1.70MB) = https://copy.com/s3JeFSJrR4pa


How to add shortcut for Xfce Application Menu

14.04, 16.04

xfce4-popup-whiskermenu

12.04

xfce4-popup-applicationsmenu


Web browsers: HTTP not working in ubuntu 18.04 but HTTPS does

Had similar issue. There was URL filtering (parental control) enabled on the wifi router with some blocked URL's on port 80.
Strange behavior, no matter what URL I add in the router for port 80, It would block all http traffic to ubuntu on cloud.
It would also block http traffic when I had no rules but still have url filtering enabled.

When I add a url with https/tcp443 alone (without any port 80 blocked) then http traffic works or it also works with url filtering completely disabled...stupid.


Ubuntu 20.10 - Ubuntu Software not populating or showing applications

This also happened with me on a fresh ubuntu install. I however, reinstalled to fix this and a few other bugs. But this should fix it:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install fwupd/xenial-proposed
i tried this answer and it worked !
i attached the link to a similar question


net connection using cdma WLL BSNL phone

Let me know which version of Ubuntu you are using (Edubuntu is a derivative of Ubuntu).

If you are using Ubuntu 10.4 or higher it will detect the device automatically. You will have to create a Mobile Broadband Connection:

Click on the Network Connection icon on the top panel.
Click "Edit Connections..."
Select "Mobile Broadband" tab.
Click "Add".

Here you will:

Select the device and click Continue.
Select Country and click Continue.
Select Provider and click Continue.
Select "my plan is not listed" and enter any APN and click Continue.
for the dialup string use #777.
enter your username and password given by BSNL.
Click Apply.

Now again left click on network icon. You will now see your connection under Mobile broadband.
Click on it to connect.

That's all.


dpkg: error processing package pick-colour-picker (--install) in Ubuntu 16.04

This seems that you haven't installed all the dependencies.
Try running this command:

sudo apt -f install

It should solve your problem. If it doesn't work, try:

sudo apt install python-pkg-resources python-gi-cairo

Those two packages are the missing dependencies of color-picker in your case.


How to find the exact kernel version an Ubuntu release is using?

uname -a or uname -r might be what you are looking for. See also this question and the man page for uname.


My site got SSL from letsencrypt but content needs editing to reflect transition from http to https

Your problem had been caused not by Ubuntu. When you installed SSL certificate, you have only secured connection between your server and user's browser. That's only first step. Now you have to do next step - go around every single page on your site and change sourcing from (insecure) http protocol to (secure) https one. Otherwise browser on user's side "thinks" it fetches insecure content from sites different than your secure URL points to.

To do that, you have to traverse whole file/directory hierarchy of your site, and change every http:// prefix with https:// prefix. You have to split that work into two parts:

In this round you have to change everything local, i.e. starting from http://worddetail.org to https://worddetail.org -- all these resources are in your domain and hence you can check whether that content is present, and what to do if it is not (e.g. when it is generated on the fly by some internal engine or script).
In this round you have to change everything remote, all other http:// prefixes with https:// prefixes. When you do this step, make sure every resource is present at new https:// address. You can do that by simply typing that new string into browser's URL field and check whether you get 404 error or something actual starts to be fetched. You can actually skip these checks with risk that some elements won't be found at new URL, and hence parts of site won't work anyway. In case when some elements are http-only, you will need to find new location at any other public service, use Google if nothing else helps.


Force Unity to open new window on the screen where the cursor is?

Install compizconfig-settings-manager
After launching the application, go to 'Window Management' Click on 'Place Windows' and on the General tab, change the option Multi Output Mode to : 'Use output device with pointer'

Hope it helps.


Lubuntu asking for password after inactivity despite settings

I ended up removing light locker and installing xscreensaver

sudo apt-get remove --purge light-locker
sudo apt-get install xscreensaver


How do I get the touchpad working on an Asus x450L?

Work Around
Credit to Hans De Goede  (https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1314198/comments/31)

This should enable the mouse to work as a normal touchpad mouse, so no multi-touch.

You need to add a Kernel Boot Parameter to set the flag psmouse.proto=bare which will enable PS/2 Mouse Emulation mode on your touchpad.

To do this you can edit your default grub file.

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Find the line that mentions GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" (or something similar) and add the flag to the end of the quoted string.

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash psmouse.proto=bare"

Then save the file and run a grub update.

sudo update-grub

Then restart the system and (hopefully) enjoy your new touchpad in PS/2 Emulation Mode.

This is a temporary fix as Hans De Goede mentions, this isn't a trivial fix. If I'm reading the situation correctly, support for the software that handled the touchpad used in the ASUS 550 range (and some other models) was deprecated in 14.04 and a suitable replacement hasn't yet been developed. So for now we don't get multi-touch in 14.04.

Having struggled with this for a while and finding nothing but launchpad bug reports, I'm pretty happy to finally have a working touchpad even if it doesn't have multi-touch!


For automatic login, unlock user account, turn it OFF and ON again. Restart to see if it restores normal behavior. After Kernel 4.18, amdgpu is included and there is no need to install it. Unzip 18.50 and click on _all.deb file to install it (inside the unzip folder).

Have you tried an higher Kernel, stable is 4.20.10 or mainline 5.0-rc7?

https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/?C=N;O=D


Ubuntu 18.04 laptop outputs only 4k 30hz to my TV. How to get 60hz?

I dont know much but I went through the nvidia log file. It is possible that the HDMI connection for my laptop somehow can support only up to 30hz for 4k. Can anyone confirm?


Ubuntu 12.04 fails to find Intel HD Graphics 3000

Sandy Bridge was the code name for the 2nd Generation Intel® Core™ Processors (i3, i5, i7)

It is being identified correctly if you have a laptop, maybe not if it's a desktop but I doubt it will matter.


Setting up Ubuntu Server as a Router with DHCPD and 3 Ethernet devices

I think you can just follow the section on enabling forward and masquerading (4.5) but you need to add this:

First uncomment INTIF2 so you have::

INTIF=eth1
INTIF2=eth0

Add lines for INTIF2 in the firewall script (just copy the $INTIF lines and change $INTIF to $INTIF2):

-A FORWARD -i "$EXTIF" -o "$INTIF" -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i "$INTIF" -o "$EXTIF" -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i "$EXTIF" -o "$INTIF2" -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i "$INTIF2" -o "$EXTIF" -j ACCEPT

edit
and as always you have to enable forwarding of the traffic, but that is done if you use the script in the manual linked above.

echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward


How to make command run when I open terminal

You can add

source install/env_rat-dev.sh

to your ~/.bashrc file.

~/.bashrc is executed every time a new terminal is opened.

  bash manual

  ~/.bashrc
      The individual per-interactive-shell startup file


How to create multiple files(100 files) and they can contain 30 random characters in each of them using script

It’s not a good practice to open a file one hundred times when it’s actually needed just once, so how about this:

#!/bin/bash
random=$(</dev/urandom tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 | head -c3000)
for i in {1..100}; do
  echo ${random:(i-1)*30:30} >/mnt/mymnt/passwords/Business$i.txt
done

This first saves 3000 random characters matching A-Za-z0-9 in the variable $random and then loops over the numbers 1–100 cutting parts of 30 characters out  and saving them.


Best M.2 SSD format settings for shared Linux/Windows drive

Your hard drive has a physical sector size. If that physical sector size is 4096 than you should format your drive with the same sector size. Generally speaking gparted should recognize this and format your drive in the sectorsize and alignment that your drive needs. Since several years manufacturers are using 4096 as physical sector size and emulate 512 bytes. 512 bytes was the old standard and 4096 is the new one. They went from 512 to 4096 because of the increasing capacities of the hard drives.

You could rund fdisk -l
Your output could look like this:

fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 119,2 GiB, 128035676160 bytes, 250069680 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xa4b57300

In this case the hard drive has 120 GB of space and a physical sector size of 512 bytes.


I know the question is quite old, but you may still like to know that the vban for linux project has gone 1 step forward recently and now provides both a receptor and an emitter: https://github.com/quiniouben/vban.
Together with VoiceMeeter on the windows side, or VBAN Receptor on Android or iOS device, you should achieve a quite fast audio over ip between Linux, Windows, Android and iOS devices.
Note: latency of the linux vban_emitter is not yet tuneable but is using a not too big buffer size (<= 25ms depending on the configuration).


Instead of trying to fix an error which should not exist, better to check the Ubuntu Official hashes and to download the .iso file again.

This will be much easier and more robust then trying to fix it yourself and then finding something else somewhere else went wrong as well.  ;-)


Lenovo z50/70 Laptop doesn't wake up after suspend running Ubuntu 14.10

The problem was caused by my Nvidia Graphic card. For some reason (driver issue maybe?) it caused freezing. Disabling the card from BIOS solved the issue.

The problem still persists; maybe changing driver will solve it. I haven't tried.


Changed usb ports on my PC that was connected to SMSL M2 and after reboot ubuntu could see my card.


These command will restore your /etc/network/interfaces file

Drop in to a root shell

sudo bash

Then run these commands.

blank the interfaces file

echo > /etc/network/interfaces

Put the default connection information back in there assuming that your Ethernet interfaces is eth0 and you have no static ip's set.

echo -e "auto lo\niface lo inet loopback\nauto eth0"  > /etc/network/interfaces

run this command to restart  network manager

sudo service network-manager restart


Problem logging in even though password is accepted

you used a password that is the same as the username? If so, I believe that Ubuntu doesn't like this. If not, have you checked the useradd GUI that ships with Ubuntu to ensure that user_b is listed?


Alright, I spun up a VirtualBox guest to try this out with:

8GB VDI, 512MB RAM
Install from ubuntu-12.04-desktop-i386.iso
/dev/sda1, 7000MB, ext4, mount /
/dev/sda5, 999MB, fat32, mount /media/Store (NTFS wasn't an option in the installer)
/dev/sda6, 587MB, swap
All other settings default except for time zone.

Ack, I'd forgotten how awful Unity was. :) I added Virtual Guest Additions, ran update-manager, waited for... 618 updates, reboot. Then I followed the Community documentation at:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PureFTP

sudo apt-get install pure-ftpd
    # already installed?
gksudo gedit /etc/inetd.conf
    # no changes required?
gksudo gedit  /etc/default/pure-ftpd-common
    # already: STANDALONE_OR_INETD=standalone
    # changed: VIRTUALCHROOT=true
sudo groupadd ftpgroup
sudo useradd -g ftpgroup -d /dev/null -s /etc ftpuser

NOTE: id ftpuser returns uid=1001(ftpuser) gid=1001(ftpgroup) groups=1001(ftpgroup) at this point.

sudo mkdir /home/ftpusers
sudo mkdir /home/ftpusers/joe
sudo pure-pw useradd joe -u ftpuser -d /home/ftpusers/joe
sudo pure-pw mkdb
sudo ln -s /etc/pure-ftpd/pureftpd.passwd /etc/pureftpd.passwd
sudo ln -s /etc/pure-ftpd/pureftpd.pdb /etc/pureftpd.pdb
sudo ln -s /etc/pure-ftpd/conf/PureDB /etc/pure-ftpd/auth/PureDB
sudo sh -c 'echo "no" > /etc/pure-ftpd/conf/UnixAuthentication'
sudo chown ftpuser:ftpgroup -R /home/ftpusers
gksudo pureadmin

Confirmed that /etc/pure-ftpd/pureftpd.passwd contained:

joe:...:1001:1001::/home/ftpusers/joe/./::::::::::::

sudo /etc/init.d/pure-ftpd restart
    # Restarting ftp server: Running: /usr/sbin/pure-ftpd-virtualchroot -l pam -l puredb:/etc/pure-ftpd/pureftpd.pdb -E -8 UTF-8 -O clf:/var/log/pure-ftpd/transfer.log -u 1000 -B

Now I was able to ftp localhost as joe.

First attempt: I created a symlink to /media/Store, which joe could see in his ls /, but could not cd in to (550 Can't change directory to Store: Permission denied):

sudo ln -s /media/Store /home/ftpusers/joe/Store
sudo chown ftpuser:ftpgroup -R /home/ftpusers/joe
    # sudo rm /home/ftpusers/joe/Store

Second attempt: I created a symlink to /dev/sda5, which joe could see in his ls /, but could not cd in to (550 Can't change directory to Store: Not a directory):

sudo ln -s /dev/sda5 /home/ftpusers/joe/Store
sudo chown ftpuser:ftpgroup -R /home/ftpusers/joe
    # sudo rm /home/ftpusers/joe/Store

This wasn't surpising, since /dev/sda5 is a block store not a file system, but I tried it for giggles.

Third attempt: Being the alternative that I gave in my first answer, worked:

sudo mkdir /home/ftpusers/joe/Store
sudo chown ftpuser:ftpgroup -R /home/ftpusers/joe
sudo mount -t vfat -o noexec,ro,uid=1001,gid=1001 /dev/sda5 /home/ftpusers/joe/Store

NOTE: I had to sudo umount /media/Store before I could mount it at /home/ftpusers/joe/Store.

To be doubly sure that this also works with NTFS, I sudo umount /home/ftpusers/joe/Store, I ran Disk Utility, reformatted the partition as NTFS, mounted the volume (which opens it in Nautilus), added a HelloNtfsWorld.txt file, unmounted it in Disk Utility, then the above test with the slightly modified mount command:

sudo mount -t ntfs -o noexec,ro,uid=1001,gid=1001 /dev/sda5 /home/ftpusers/joe/Store

Perfect!

ftp> ls -la
200 PORT command successful
150 Connecting to port 53727
drwxr-xr-x    3 1001       ftpgroup         4096 Sep 15 22:12 .
drwxr-xr-x    3 1001       ftpgroup         4096 Sep 15 22:12 ..
drwxrwxrwx    1 1001       ftpgroup         4096 Sep 15 22:36 Store
226-Options: -a -l
226 3 matches total
ftp> cd Store
250 OK. Current directory is /Store
ftp> ls -la
200 PORT command successful
150 Connecting to port 57505
drwxrwxrwx    1 1001       ftpgroup         4096 Sep 15 22:36 .
drwxr-xr-x    3 1001       ftpgroup         4096 Sep 15 22:12 ..
-rwxrwxrwx    1 1001       ftpgroup            0 Sep 15 22:36 HelloNtfsWorld.txt
226-Options: -a -l
226 3 matches total
ftp>

Hope this helps!


BitTorrent Sync is the tool you want to look at.

Basically you run it (on *nix, by default web UI is used), access it using a browser, add a directory containing the stuff you want to share, generate a secret (to share with only the client).

On the client side, add a folder with the secret provided, it starts syncing.

Although file transfers are encrypted (Your information is never stored on a server in the cloud and your data is protected by private keys), DO encrypt you files (e.g. TrueCrypt) before you share to add an extra layer of security.


Trying to install yeoman on ubuntu to use with nodejs and npm

It's worth noting that Ubuntu 13.10 is no longer officially supported, but that shouldn't make much of a difference for these instructions.

npm without sudo

First things first, let's get permissions sorted out. Most of the Node.js installation guides for Ubuntu instruct you to install Node.js from either the official repositories or from the chris-lea PPA. Either way, you'll end up installing Node.js and NPM using sudo, which leads to a permissions mess on development machines.

There's a question on StackOverflow about how to "fix" these permissions, although in most cases, you'll have to make your user the owner of /usr/local/lib/node_modules, which is super sketchy.

Instead, I think the best answer by far is to install Node.js using NVM. In addition to letting you run multiple versions of Node.js on the same computer, this option also keeps everything in your home folder, so your user owns NPM, and you don't have to mess around with sudo npm.

Using Yo

Once your permissions are sorted out, all of the steps you took to install and run Yeoman (npm install -g yo) should work just fine.

You will have to run nvm use v0.10 each time you start a new terminal session, however. You can get around this by adding a script to your .bashrc that will automatically run this for you at the beginning of each session,


If you dont have installed windows 7 and want to create partition.. use the gparted... and after that install windows 7. boot ubuntu cd again and check how to recover the grub 2. if dont see windows 7 in boot list run ubuntu and in the terminal update-grub and you are the man.


See the excerpt below

  -l, --links
  When symlinks are encountered, recreate the symlink on the destination.

  -k, --copy-dirlinks
      This option causes the sending side to treat a symlink to a directory as though it were a real directory.
      This is useful if you don't want symlinks to non-directories to be affected, as they would be using --copy-links.

  Without this option, if the sending side has replaced a directory with a symlink to a directory, the
      receiving side will delete anything that is in the way of the new symlink, including a directory hierarchy
      (as long as --force or --delete is in effect).

  See also --keep-dirlinks for an analogous option for the receiving side.

  --copy-dirlinks applies to all symlinks to directories in the source. If you want to follow only a
      few specified symlinks, a trick you can use is to pass them as additional source args with a trailing slash,
      using --relative to make the paths match up right. For example:

  rsync -r --relative src/./ src/./follow-me/ dest/

  This works because rsync calls lstat(2) on the source arg as given, and the trailing slash makes lstat(2)
      follow the symlink, giving rise to a directory in the file-list which overrides the symlink found
      during the scan of "src/./".

  -L, --copy-links
      When symlinks are encountered, the item that they point to (the referent) is copied, rather than the symlink.
      In older versions of rsync, this option also had the side-effect of telling the receiving side to
      follow symlinks, such as symlinks to directories. In a modern rsync such as this one, you'll need to
      specify --keep-dirlinks (-K) to get this extra behavior.
      The only exception is when sending files to an rsync that is too old to understand -K -- in that case,
      the -L option will still have the side-effect of -K on that older receiving rsync.

  -K, --keep-dirlinks
      This option causes the receiving side to treat a symlink to a directory as though it were a real directory,
      but only if it matches a real directory from the sender. Without this option, the receiver's symlink would
      be deleted and replaced with a real directory.

  For example, suppose you transfer a directory "foo" that contains a file "file", but "foo" is a symlink
      to directory "bar" on the receiver. Without --keep-dirlinks, the receiver deletes symlink "foo", recreates
      it as a directory, and receives the file into the new directory. With --keep-dirlinks, the receiver keeps
      the symlink and "file" ends up in "bar".

  One note of caution: if you use --keep-dirlinks, you must trust all the symlinks in the copy! If it is
      possible for an untrusted user to create their own symlink to any directory, the user could then
      (on a subsequent copy) replace the symlink with a real directory and affect the content of whatever
      directory the symlink references. For backup copies, you are better off using something like a bind
      mount instead of a symlink to modify your receiving hierarchy.

  See also --copy-dirlinks for an analogous option for the sending side.

For case of -L and -K:

-L: When symlinks are encountered, the item that they point to (the referent) is copied, rather than the symlink.
-K: This option causes the receiving side to treat a symlink to a directory as though it were a real directory,
but only if it matches a real directory from the sender. Without this option, the receiver's symlink would
be deleted and replaced with a real directory.

For case of -l and -k:

-l: When symlinks are encountered, recreate the symlink on the destination.
-k: This option causes the sending side to treat a symlink to a directory as though it were a real directory.
This is useful if you don't want symlinks to non-directories to be affected, as they would be using --copy-links.

See: https://ss64.com/bash/rsync_options.html


How do I contact someone in Canonical's organization?

here you go ! this is the official address !


How to change AMD Catalyst Control Center's Language?

Not the optimal solution, but at least you don't need to change your system's regional preferences.

Catalyst defaults to English if you remove (or rename) the language file in it's folder. :)

In my system (Ubuntu 13.10 with Catalyst 2.18) the language files were in:

/usr/share/ati/amdcccle

I hide it from the system by renaming the amdcccle_XX.qm file to amdcccle_XX.qm.bak and it did the trick (where XX is the language code that is causing you issues).


Ext4 Samba Share reports wrong disk size

For whatever reason, this is what caused the issue:

I was sharing my root directory via samba and attempting to navigate through it to create the backup, i.e., backing up to smb://192.168.1.2/root/media/SG_MEDIA. This was what reported the 3GB free space.

However, when I directly shared my connected HD, i.e., creating a samba share directly to /media/SG_MEDIA and backing up to smb://192.168.1.2/SG_MEDIA it reported the correct space. Can't say why.


Email icons missing from the Panel after upgrading to Ubuntu 14.04

As soon as you started your mail application (e.g. Thunderbird) or set up your accounts in the chat application (e.g. Empathy) the message indicator will magically re-appear:

To remove items in the message indicator we can do so by running dconf-editor ,  remove the application from the key in com.canonical.indicator.messages, and restart our session.


System Settings won't start, Ubuntu 16.04

Try this,

sudo apt-get remove unity-control-center
sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt-get install unity-control-center

It worked for me.


You are actually using the open graphics driver. Please try the proprietary one to see if it suits better your card.

Installing AMD-ATI proprietary driver

Open a terminal using your keyboard: Ctrl + Alt + T
Enter the following command: sudo apt-get install fglrx
Reboot your computer


How do I turn off alt-` for switching between application windows?

You have to go to the System Settings -> Keyboard, Shortcut tab. Look for your shortcut and disable it.
You can look at the answer from that post : How to disable Ctrl+Q system wide for a more detailed answer.


How can I network 12.04 server and 12.04 desktop with the following setup

Do you have wpa_supplicant installed on the server?  If so, have a look at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NetworkConfigurationCommandLine/Automatic

It helped me to configure a wireless adapter on ubuntu 13.10 server edition.


Bluetooth speaker volume and playback control

On my computer i experienced the same problem and found the solution by going to the "sound" settings on the computer. Then you just have to click on your bluetooth device, leaving the selection of the internal speakers.

Worked fine for me


I can't install Python - "Conflicting values set for option Trusted"

You have python3 installed, and it's not necessary to install Python 2.x alongside Python 3.x because Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Use the command python3 to start the Python3.x interpreter, and the command python is used to start the Python2.x interpreter if it is installed.
To remove the E: Conflicting values set for option Trusted regarding source http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic error line 5 of /etc/apt/sources.list should be commented out by inserting a # character at the beginning of the line as follows:
# deb deb [arch=amd64 trusted=yes] http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted
According to pLumo's comment "No, it is the same line. After he changed it." If this is the case then you basically need to have one line that isn't commented out that says deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted not two of them. If you don't have a line in sources.list that says deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted Ubuntu will be unable to update the software.
According to another way of reading your question because of confusing text formatting you already have another line in sources.list that says:
deb http://br.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted
Try not to be distracted by ambiguous text formatting. The required result is the same in either of the two cases. You need to have the above line in sources.list. Don't comment this line out!
To edit the sources.list file with sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list requires the use of sudo because this file is owned by root, so you must elevate your privileges to root with sudo in order to edit it with nano text editor.
Nano text editor keyboard shortcuts
Use the keyboard combination Ctrl + O and after that press Enter to save the file to its current location.
Use the keyboard combination Ctrl + X to exit nano.
After editing /etc/apt/sources.list run sudo apt update to refresh the list of available software.


The mentioned PPA owner does not provide packages anymore.
You have to remove it by
sudo apt-add-repository -r ppa:wireguard/wireguard

Instead you have to add universe pocket and install the package from it:
sudo apt-add-repository universe
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wireguard


Open the Terminal and

cd ~/Downloads
sudo dpkg -i steam_latest.deb


Lubuntu/Xlde > is there a way to change scrot printscreen default saving option to shutter?

Here is the way to change keyboard shortcuts in Lubuntu https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Lubuntu/Keyboard#Create_New_Keyboard_shortcuts
Open lubuntu-rc.xml in your favorite editor.. (Mine its vim, it could be leafpad/vi/nano )

  `sudo vim ~/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml`

then find the following code..

<keybind key="Print">
           <action name="Execute">
           <command>lxsession-default screenshot</command>
           </action>
 </keybind>

Comment out  <command>lxsession-default screenshot</command> and add <command>shutter -f</command> .. (or just you can replace, instead of commenting, but I prefer doing so)

<keybind key="Print">
       <action name="Execute">
       <!-- <command>lxsession-default screenshot</command> -->
       <command>shutter -f</command>
       </action>
 </keybind>

And also you can replace ( Alt + Print ) option by changing to this shutter -a in the following manner..

<keybind key="A-Print">
      <action name="Execute">
        <!--<command>lxsession-default screenshot window</command> -->
        <command>shutter -a</command>
      </action>
 </keybind>

Then reload openbox

openbox --reconfigure

Rest are same as this
Then open shutter and go to menu (Edit--->preference--->main)
Select Do not save file automatically

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

At this point you have achieve main screen by pressing printscreen button or Alt + printscreen button..
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

To open edit windows, instead of main screen, when ressing printscreen button or Alt + printscreen button, go to Actions in preference and select open with Built-in Editor

And make sure other settings remain as below in behavior section,

Done!!


Installing MariaDB when Apt reports MariaDB has unmet dependencies or broken packages

See Version Mismatch between Mariadb and Ubuntu Debian Repositories

It is rare for the version numbers of mysql-common or libmysqlclient to be higher in the official Ubuntu or Debian repositories than they are in the MariaDB repositories, but it has happened. Whenever it has it has been because of critical bug fix releases for bugs that existed in the version of MySQL in the distribution repositories but which had already been fixed in the version of MariaDB in the MariaDB repositories.

If a situation as described above exists when you try to install MariaDB you will get an error like this:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
mariadb-server : Depends: mariadb-server-5.5 but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

A way to fix this is to specify the exact version of the two packages that you want to install. To do this, first determine the full version numbers of the affected packages. An easy way to do so is with 'apt-cache show':

apt-cache show mysql-common | grep Version
apt-cache show libmysqlclient18 | grep Version

This is the situation as of this writing, since the version numbers are shown as:

Version: 5.5.34-0ubuntu0.13.10.1
Version: 5.5.34+maria-1~saucy

The MariaDB page gives two solutions.

First solution: Specifying the package version

For each of the above you will be given a list of versions. The ones in the MariaDB repositories will have "mariadb" in the version strings and are the ones you want. With the version numbers in hand you will be able to install MariaDB by explicitly specifying the version numbers like so:

apt-get install mariadb-server-5.5 mariadb-client-5.5 \
libmysqlclient18=<version-number> \
mysql-common=<version-number>

which is

apt-get install mariadb-server-5.5 mariadb-client-5.5 \
 libmysqlclient18=5.5.34+maria-1~saucy \
 mysql-common=5.5.34+maria-1~saucy

NOTE: Update to 5.5.34 to reflect current version as of 2014.01.28 [RealPariah]
After installation, you need to hold the packages until the version numbers get back in sync.

After MariaDB is installed, and as long as the version number issue exists, an `apt-get dist-upgrade` will try to remove MariaDB in order to install the "upgraded" libmysqlclient and mysql-common packages. To prevent this from happening you can hold them so that apt doesn't try to upgrade them. To do so, open a terminal, become root with `sudo -s`, and then enter the following:

echo libmysqlclient18 hold | dpkg --set-selections
echo mysql-common hold | dpkg --set-selections

The holds will prevent you from upgrading MariaDB, so when you want to remove the holds, open a terminal, become root with 'sudo -s', and then enter the following:

echo libmysqlclient18 install | dpkg --set-selections
echo mysql-common install | dpkg --set-selections

You will then be able to upgrade MariaDB as normal (e.g. with `sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get upgrade`).

How do I know when the version numbers match again?

You can track the MariaDB version number by signing up for an email alert of new releases at MariaDB.org. According to the site, it is a low-traffic announce-only list.

Additionally, when the package versions are once again in sync, you should stop seeing a message in apt that only the 2 held packages will be held, but that all mariadb packages will be held:

The following packages have been kept back:
libmariadbclient18 libmysqlclient18 linux-generic linux-headers-generic
linux-image-generic mariadb-client-5.5 mariadb-client-core-5.5
mariadb-server mariadb-server-5.5 mariadb-server-core-5.5 mysql-common

This indicates the package numbers are back in sync, which can also be checked in synaptic or similar tools.

Second solution: Pinning the MariaDB Repository

Another thing you can do is to pin the MariaDB repository that you use. This is done by creating a file under `/etc/apt/preferences.d/` with the following contents:

Package: *
Pin: origin <mirror-domain>
Pin-Priority: 1000

Replace <mirror-domain> with the domain name of the MariaDB mirror you use. For example, ftp.osuosl.org. With the pin file in place, packages from your MariaDB repository will have priority over packages from the system repositories.

You can find the mirror name you are using in System Settings >> Software & Updates, or if you are using another flavor of Ubuntu, Synaptic >> Settings >> Repositories, or cat /etc/apt/sources.list.

The Pin-Priority in this case needs to be greater than or equal to 1000, which causes a version to be installed even if this constitutes a downgrade of the package

(See man 5 apt_preferences for more information on options in other cases.)

Naming the pinning preferences file

Note that the file in the /etc/apt/preferences.d directory are parsed in alphanumeric ascending order and need to obey the following naming convention:

The files have either no or "pref" as filename extension and only contain alphanumeric, hyphen (-), undescore (_), and period (.) characters. Otherwise APT will print a notice that it has ignored a file...

(Source: man 5 apt_preferences)

So, the name itself doesn't matter, but a good name would be something like 50_mariadb.  This identifies the package involved and allows other pinning preferences files to be easily placed before of after this file in the processing order.


sexagenarian needs direction starting to install, use and learn Ubuntu

Welcome to AskUbuntu. First of all, next time you post here please restrict it to a single question. I'll consider this simply as a request for advice on a first experience with Ubuntu.

In your case my recommendation is for a USB flash drive install. It is fairly easy to do and provides you the full Ubuntu experience. I used Ubuntu this way for a while at an office where I could not install Ubuntu on the hard drive. Check out the answers to this previous question for details.

Mostly likely your laptop will be able to boot from the USB drive without issue. If that is not the case you can browse through previous question on the matter or post your own question.

And enjoy Ubuntu.


Is actual version of Chromium browser (34.0.1847.116) compatible with Oracle Java 7 browser plugin?

They've dropped NPAPI plugin support in the latest version of Chromium, which means that it can't use the Firefox version of Flash or Java, which is also an NPAPI plugin. It does support PPAPI plugins, though. Flash has a PPAPI version, but Java doesn't, yet.

Chrome browser (not Chromium) still supports NPAPI, though. You can use Oracle Java and flashplugin-installer with it just like you can with Firefox.


No space left on Filesystem after executing bleachbit

After rebooting on recovery mode i could make some space and now I understand that my /root/cache is 77G but I don't get how/why.
Commands that helped me :

Size of dirs du -ahd1 | sort -hr | head -10


How do I Install Ubuntu for all my purposes by removing Windows 10 without loosing my other data files?

Your best and the easiest option would be to access the Windows data on Ubuntu and keep a backup there and just erase the Windows disk.
And maybe this could help: How do I remove Windows but keep Ubuntu?


Problem solved by reinstalling libc6 and libc6-amd64:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libc6 libc6-amd64


fuser /tmp

only shows processes belonging to your current user accessing /tmp/. It doesn't show processes belonging to other users, and it doesn't show processes just accessing files inside /tmp/.

Use

sudo fuser -m /tmp/

to show any processes accessing any file on the file system mounted on /tmp/.


how do I get my computer to boot a specific partition?

You can perform as many installs as you like.  Perform the installs (either Windows or Linux) on which ever partition you want.  As mentioned in the comment above, after any partition, you'll be presented with a boot menu where you can choose which installation you want to boot from.

You can tell the partition by selecting the OS with the up/down arrow and hit "e" for edit which will present some information about that installation to you.

You can also run "sudo upgdate-grub" at anytime to have grub search your system to find the various OS installations and add them to the selectable boot menu.

You can also edit /etc/default/grub and specify "grub_default=#" for your perform default installation to for booting.

After making changes to the /etc/default/grub, you'll have to run "sudo update-grub" to install the changes.


How do i figure out which Hadoop version will work on my Ubuntu 14.10 64-bit?

Have a look at Docker, which is a simple way to manage Linux containers.
The advantage is that your local install won't get messy when experimenting with Hadoop, and you can just roll-back a snapshot of a container if you messed up something. Also in the Docker Hub there are a lot of containers that are per-installed with Hadoop, for example;
Ubuntu install with Hadoop and basic config
This way you don't have to install anything by yourself, and just start the big data fun ;)


14.04 on Asus GL552JX: Fn+F5 and Fn+F6 Brightness Problem

This must be fixed in 3.19 kernel.

Install 3.19 kernel by sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-vivid.
Reboot

If keys do not work, add acpi_osi= option and 20-intel.conf file

There was a kernel version with regression, where that kernel option did not work. But on current 3.19.0-18 it should work.

The problem is that kernel developers tried to do it that way that conf file had not been needed. But they did it with a regression for some Asus models. Now it should be fixed. But am not quite sure that correct patches reached all Ubuntu kernels.

So this issue is "in process", but workarounds should work in most cases.


Backlight no longer works on upgrade from Ubuntu 10.10 to 11.04

I've had a similar problem - it's a problem caused by one of the changes to the kernel, although I'm not sure where this is located in the kernel configuration menu. {Presumably one way of solving it would be to track down the source of it in the kernel config menus and recompile the kernel with the offending feature deselected.}

A quick fix solution is to use the command

sudo setpci -s 00:02 F4.B=0

which tells your computer to restore power to the backlight. I appreciate that it's a bit difficult to open up a terminal window if you can't see what you're doing, so you might want to set a keyboard shortcut like Ctrl-T to open a terminal. Hope this helps.


What is the way to determine which tab in Firefox is using 100% of one of my CPUs?

In Firefox, find the problems and shut them down:

Open the Task Manager by clicking on the 'hamburger' menu icon then More then Task manager   - OR -  type about:performance in the address bar.
Browse in the Task Manager to find likely problem processes
Expand subtasks by clicking the right-arrowhead at the left side of the task's name
Hover over tasks and their sub-tasks to decide which is a problem
Close problem tasks (you can't close a sub-task)

More detail's at https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/firefox-uses-too-much-memory-or-cpu-resources. I'm especially fond of using the extension OneTab to pull tabs offstage into a list to free up the memory and CPU they were using.


What will happen if I bump the USB drive Ubuntu is running from?

It would be the same as removing your hard drive while your computer is on, most likely it will cause a crash that may not be recoverable from unless you reinstall.

Here is one example

I will add that this has happened to me and I had to reformat the flash drive and reinstall.


By the fact that "it works fine" on TV via HDMI, I am afraid that there is a problem with your laptop screen hardware. Please consult on superuser.com


macos boot broken after installing 18.04

Assuming all boot devices are detached when you boot, you would need to have the boot manager re-installed.


Use the which command to fine the location of the command e.g.:

which genymotion

If the program is installed in a standard location, it will be found and the location printed out.  If a third party application is not installed in a standard location, then to run it from  the command line you either need to add its location to your PATH variable, or type in the full path, which you may have decided at installation time. For instance, if you decided to install a program to your Documents folder, your program path might look like:

/home/<username>/Documents/<myprogram>/bin


Change your .htaccess file to:

Options +FollowSymLinks

RewriteEngine On

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^ index.php [QSA,L]

to allow symbolic links to work

In addition to the above settings, I see that you have an additional folder called M1-CSI in public_html link in /var/www/htnl. Now note that apache uses the /var/www/html as the root folder hence either your index.php is in /var/www/html of in a folder for your project located in /var/www/html/project_folder.

So set up the slim project in /home/user/public_html and the public_html as the root for slim. Your symbolic link should have been... sudo ln -s /home/user/public_html /var/www/html/ with the folder /public_html as root. To usee M1-CSI you will need to use a Virtualhost file and ofcourse midify your require vendor/autoload.php line to require ../vendor/autoload.php.

Another note is the fact that your ownership is root now that isn't what you want I believe, the www-data user should be in charge of those files. Add yourself to that group:

sudo usermod -a -G www-data $USER

Then change ownership of that file to:

sudo chown -R $USER.www-data /var/www/html/public_html
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/public_html

Note: A reboot will be needed to get the new group set working.

How I setup my slim project using this link:

Created a folder in /var/www/html called askubuntu
cd /var/www/html/askubuntu
composer require slim/slim "^3.0"
Then created an index.php file in askubuntu folder with the following lines:

<?php

require 'vendor/autoload.php';

echo "Hello World slim framework!";
?>

Open my browser and enter: localhost/askubuntu, and it prints the expected output.


I was able to unity --reset my configuration back-to-life. But you may also want to try re-installing gnome-session (or ubuntu-desktop.)

Also.. What happens if you drop to a shell (Ctrl + Alt + F1), install xinit, enter exec gnome-session --session=ubuntu into your .xinitrc and run startx?


How to hold Ubuntu point release version

You do not need deliberately "stick on a point release".

The main difference between point releases is HWE Stack that includes new kernel major version and new xorg with related user space drivers.

When you do normal package upgrades, you will never be moved to a new kernel major version or new graphical stack.

Kernel 3.13 will get security and bug fixing updates till 14.04 EOL. You do not need to freeze on 3.13.0-32.

The current 3.13 version is 3.13.0.71.77.

If you are worried by the version number, you can freeze base-files package by running:

sudo apt-mark hold base-files

In this case you will get all updates, but you will never see "point" release number.

If you have installed 14.04.3, you can switch to kernel 3.13 by running

sudo apt-get install linux-generic

Then you will need to remove linux-image and linux-headers of version 3.19.


How to open new window on center of screen on Lubuntu

Open the configuration file with text editor, I'll use leafpad as it was the default editor.

leafpad $HOME/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml

Scroll to the last line, search for </applications> tag, located before. Once you found it, paste following to line before </applications> tag:

<application type="normal">
  <position>
    <x>center</x>
    <y>center</y>
  </position>
</application>

Finally, apply new configuration by reconfiguring openbox:

openbox --reconfigure

Try opening program, notice now they now pop up on the center of screen.


How to find the type of the file without using extension

This will do it for almost all audio files. Strangely it missed some here because they were of type "application/octet-stream". Maybe they are badly encoded.

find -type f -exec file --mime-type '{}' \+ | grep "audio/mpeg"

or without mimetype in the list

find -type f -exec file --mime-type '{}' \+ | grep "audio/mpeg" | sed 's;:\s*audio/mpeg$;;'


Connection closed by foreign host postfix error

first you need to see ubuntu system log with this command

sudo gedit /var/log/syslog

and if you will see this error "execv( /usr/sbin/tcpd ) failed: No such file or directory" then run this command

sudo apt-get install tcpd

it will solve your problem (if not then you need to search your system error on google)


"Hard blocked" refers to a hardware switch not a software issue.

There should be a slider switch on either side of your laptop to enable wireless.

Here is an example of a similar one.

In this photo, the wireless switch is on the left.

If you don't believe me, run the following command:

rfkill block 0

Now, check out what rfkill says:

rfkill list

and you should see now that you have a soft block in place:

0: phy0: Wireless LAN
    Soft blocked: yes
    Hard blocked: no

Run the following command to remove the Soft block:

rfkill unblock 0


Problem Installing and configuring PostgreSQL

Answering my own question. This is kinda annoying, the first question on any StackExchange site doesn't go well for me.

I had already done this, but somehow worked this time. Did this:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get purge postgresql*
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt-get install postgresql

Works like a charm.

Note: adding the * in the purge command will purge all packages that begin with postgresql


In Ubuntu 12.04 LTS I change my screen resolution from

System Settings > Displays

There you should find a tool that changes screen resolution.

You can search in dash to find system settings or you can simply click on the top most right button and click on system settings.


See How do I access and enable more icons to be in the system tray?, but swap dropbox for Alltray.


After installing Ubuntu I can't boot Windows 8 anymore

Tried the whole process with Secure Boot and Fast Boot disabled, ran Boot-Repair after installing Ubuntu and now I can get to Windows 8 by choosing "Windows UEFI Recovery" on GRUB. I think, but I'm not sure; that Boot Repair was updated in the meantime.


No internet (wireless nor wired) on HP 6735b after upgrade to 12.10

As reported in bug #1000244 there are various circumstances under which the needed symbolic link /etc/resolv.conf -> ../run/resolvconf/resolv.conf fails to get created or gets deleted by misbehaving software. This can result in host name resolving failures.

As has already been mentioned, the solution is to ensure that resolvconf is installed correctly.  The following commands

sudo apt-get install resolvconf
sudo dpkg-reconfigure resolvconf

should ensure this.


I just erased my account from Empathy so I could help you out. When I first started I had the same problem. I hope this helps you.

Log in to Facebook in your web browser, & click on the little gear in the top right corner, & click Account Settings. Under General, it will say username in there (your will look different than the example I provide) it will say something like:

http://www.facebook.com/JohnDoe

After the last "/" is the thing you need to input in to Empathy (it is case sensitive), so in my case I would put in JohnDoe

Then type in your password for Facebook, & then click Log in.

I hope that helps, because that is the best I can help. If that doesn't fix it someone else might be able to help you out :-)


You can do it with fdisk and dd.  Please let me know if you need any further help.


Theoretically, the problem is that if you don't have execute rights to a directory, you shouldn't be able to read the contents of the directory. Now suppose you could do what you wanted:

user@desktop:/$ sudo cd restricted-dir
user@desktop:/restricted-dir$ ls
file1 file2

As you can see, you entered the directory using sudo privileges, then, when sudo returns, you become a user again, and you are in a directory where you normally shouldn't be.

Technically, the problem is the following.

sudo cd restricted-dir

cd is a shell built-in, not a command.

sudo cd -i restricted-dir

You are probably in /root, but it would have the same problem as with the next one.

sudo cd -s restricted-dir

You open a new root shell, cd into the directory, then exit the root shell, and return to where you began.

All in all, the only solution is to open a root shell and keep it open while you are in that directory.


Have the Kubuntu backports PPA stable software?

Ubuntu Stable Release Updates

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/StableReleaseUpdates

  Stable release updates are automatically recommended to a very large
  number of users, and so it is critically important to treat them with
  great caution. Therefore, when updates are proposed, they must be
  accompanied by a strong rationale and present a low risk of
  regressions.

Kubuntu Backports

https://launchpad.net/~kubuntu-ppa/+archive/backports

  PPA description

  Backports of new versions of KDE and major KDE apps for Kubuntu which
  are either too large a change or not yet tested enough to go to Ubuntu
  Backports.

I think that the new version of the KDE is in the "too large category". The new backported KDE version is also build against the new version of the Qt.

Q&A

  Can I trust this PPA?

The packages are backported by the same Kubuntu developers who are building the Kubuntu 12.04 packages.

But there is always the risk ( https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuBackports ):

  When using Backports, it is important to understand that there is an
  inherent risk in backporting software. Although backported packages
  are tested by the community before they are included in the
  repository, there are very occasionally bad interactions with the
  older software on your system that are overlooked...


Simple switching between multiple monitor configurations

Try Disper, it's got some potential. I am still figuring it out but it will definitely do what you described. I don't think auto-switching is a realistic option yet, but Disper with a keyboard shortcut is worth trying out.


Is there any way to leave window in the foreground in GNOME Shell when it loses focus?

Right click the title bar and activate Always on Top.