What does the -tulpn option mean for netstat?

As answered in https://serverfault.com/questions/387935/whats-the-difference-betwen-the-single-dash-and-double-dash-flags-on-shell-comm, in a Linux command line;

A single hyphen can be followed by multiple single-character flags.
A double hyphen prefixes a single multi-character option.

If you look at netstat man page, you will see that (Note that, netstat -tulpn is equivalent to netstat -t -u -l -p -n):
--tcp|-t

--udp|-u

-l, --listening
   Show only listening sockets.  (These are omitted by default.)

-p, --program
   Show the PID and name of the program to which each socket belongs.

--numeric, -n
   Show numerical addresses instead of trying to determine symbolic host, port or user names.

So, your command is equivalent to the following long form also:
netstat --tcp --udp --listening --program --numeric


Is there any way to boost the audio output of Ubuntu 12.04 LTS?

There is an answer here

Simply execute:

pactl -- set-sink-volume 0 250%


Is it possible to upgrade to 20.04 LTS (Distribution Release) by first upgrading to 20.04 (development release) and then to 20.04 LTS from 19.10?

do-upgrade-release -d Works for me. The development phase is over now that its released.


Ubuntu 12.10 Intel Ironlake Graphics Driver

I'm having the same issue issue with my Intel HD 3000 graphics. Eventually, I found out the Intel graphics don't support OpenGL 3.1 or the higher versions regarding the driver. Until something new is made or done, You kinda can't play those Steam games that require that graphics version to work on Intel HD graphics.


Best solution was this command:
xset dpms force off

You run the command, screen goes to sleep/black, move your mouse and both monitors work. I added it to startup applications to make things easier.


Debian packages, .deb, are only to be used in Debian-like distros like Ubuntu. These include precompiled libraries/binaries and files in an easy to install fashion by dpkg, which is the part of the system that ensures that they get installed correctly.

tar's in any of their compressions most of the time are not binaries but sources files. These archives needs to be decompresed, configured, compiled and installed. Hence you always should treat the tar files differently of deb files.

DEB files are ready to install, while tar may not be.


Regarding the why, see /usr/share/doc/pssh/README.Debian.

To avoid any conflicts with the putty package, all of the programs have been
renamed.

parallel-ssh is pssh
parallel-scp is pscp
parallel-rsync is prsync
parallel-nuke is pnuke
parallel-slurp is pslurp

About that symlink, a slightly cleaner solution is creating /usr/local/bin/pssh symlink and let it point to /usr/bin/parallel-ssh. With the exception of /usr/local/ it is generally best to leave the content of /usr/ to the package manager. By default /usr/local/bin is too part of the PATH environment.


Replacing LF, NEL line endings in text file with CR+LF

Try iconv -f cp850 -t utf-8. Might help you


Live Linux with persistent Fails to boot

Put the casper-rw ext4 partition first (make it the first partition on the drive).
You need persistent parameter in both menus (syslinux.cfg for MBR booting and grub.cfg for UEFI booting). Unetbootin does not support UEFI-booting so it doesn't bother to change the file.


This just bit me too (Lenovo X1 Carbon 2015 model).  I managed to get around it by disabling secure boot in the BIOS


Start phablet-shell connection to Ubuntu Phone

What is the output of dpkg -L phablet-tools? it should show you all the files installed by that package, and on my machine I can definitely see /usr/bin/phablet-shell among them.

I had a few issues to be able to connect afterwards, here's what I did:

Enable the developer mode on the phone (phablet-shell won't complain that it cannot connect, so it was a bit confusing at first)
simply running phablet-shell again didn't work either, so I tried as superuser: sudo phablet-shell
This worked, and the ~/.ssh/known_hosts file has been updated, but is now owned by root, restore the correct permissions: sudo chown youruser:youruser .ssh/known_hosts
phablet-shell now works!

And remember to unlock your device when you want to connect (just like when you want to transfer data), otherwise you'll get error: closed and exit code 255


Weird partial screen flickering after upgrade to 14.04

This worked for me: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2243912

Enable Force full screen redraws on repaint option in Workarounds

I had random flickering similar to this (eg. part of webpage flickered in Firefox (hardware acceleration = on), or desktop icon flickered when deselecting it) and this seemed to fixed this issue.

I'm using Nvidia drivers 340.58, Lenovo Y500 GT 750m (single, no optimus, IntelHD disabled).


In Ubuntu 11.10 screensavers are disabled.

You can install it by typing into the terminal (Ctrl + Shift + T)

  sudo apt-get remove gnome-screensaver

Then also run:

  sudo apt-get install xscreensaver xscreensaver-gl-extra xscreensaver-data-extra

You should be able to access the screensaver by Alt + F2 and typing xscreensaver

If you want the screensaver to run at startup, add it to Startup applications.


keyboard buttons are not working at the time of changing password

When you are prompted for a password, the keys you type are hidden for privacy reasons. They are, however, still processed normally, even though you can't see them.


There is an option for this in System->Preferences->Mouse. Click the 'Accessibility' tab then tick the box under Simulated Secondary Click. You can also vary the duration that you need to hold it down for.

Once this is set, you should be able to hold down then release the mouse to get the right click menu. You will see the cursor 'fill up' with a colour (by default, orange) to indicate how long you need to hold the mouse down. When the cursor is completely filled, release the mouse and you will get the right click menu.


Why Totem, EOG, ...? have dark toolbars with default gnome-shell theme - Adwaita?

Take a look into /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/gtk-3.0/ folder, there is a file gtk-dark.css. I have no idea why it is there, because I didn't installed the Adwaita dark theme. Also the Advanced Settings menu is showing me only the Adwaita theme, not possible to choose a dark one. So it seems that it isn't installed. From my point of view, this file makes no sense. But instead of deleting it, move it to gtk-dark.css.bak and reload the shell. This will fix the look of EOG, Totem and also Gnome MPlayer.


To my information, hibernation to a swap file does not work, and might never do.

However, suspending to the swapfile usually works. The problem should usually just happen when you try to resume from it.

The file system is not mounted at the point Linux tries to find the swap to resume from, and thus will fail to do so.


checkinstall does what you want to achieve:
it will monitor which files get installed and put them into a .deb package, which can then be installed and removed

Install it with

apt-get install checkinstall

then you do the normal install from source procedure, replacing 'sudo make install' with 'sudo checkinstall':

  ./configure
  make
  sudo checkinstall

Reference: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CheckInstall


Best Practice for Self-updating Package?

You should provide a public repository, like a PPA, and rely on the package manager to find out about and install updates instead of doing that from within your program:

To make your update being able to be installed via apt-get you need to run apt-get update first to load the updated package information. This can take quite some time and cause a lot of network traffic.
A normal user may not be able to use any apt-get command at all.
Your apt-getcalls may get blocked because another process is accessing the package manager, or it may block other processes from doing so.


If you copy, for example your vui.py script to /quickly/project_name/project_name folder, where is stored python code generated initialy from quickly, for example project_nameWindow.py and others ,then you can import with

import vui

or

from vui import *


Unable to partition Disk in Ubuntu 13.04

Okay, so here's my mini-guide to disk referencing in Linux.

This is a simple partition table, and allows me to work easily explaining what it all means. You have two primary partitions here: /dev/sda1/ and /dev/sda2/.

/dev is short for 'device'. It is the special filesystem which contains nodes describing devices found and recognized by the system. For example, sda is your hard disk, /dev/sr0 refers to CD-ROM and /dev/psaux to mouse. sda1 and sda2 are both primary partitions.

sda1 is where GRUB files are stored and is the partition that your system boots into.
sda2 is an extended partition. An extended partition is a type of logical partition that has the ability to split itself up into numerous partitions. You may ask, 'Why would you need this when you create other partitions?'. Well, because the MBR partition table only allows up to four primary partitions, extended partitions allow you more; extended partitions also make it a lot easier to manage dual booting systems. sda2 is an extended partition that may contain multiple partitions within itself, but it must be primary partition.
sda5 is the Ubuntu OS and all of it's storage. When you click on 'file system' in Ubuntu, you're looking at the data in sda5.

To answer your question about being able to partition this space into volumes: yes you can. For example if you want to create a separate partition for storage, you would remove some space from /dev/sda5, and create a new volume — logical partition under /dev/sda2, your extended partition. Refer to this instruction for more details.

Summary: /dev/sda is where GRUB is stored, /dev/sda1/ is where GRUB files are stored. /dev/sda2/ is extended partition and /dev/sda5 is where your OS and storage are. Yes, you can partition this space into volumes, not like you can in Windows, but it is possible.

If you have any more questions, feel free to ask. Sorry if I've left anything unclear.


Is there (or will be) a tethering/access point option in ubuntu phone?

There is support for USB tethering, meaning you have to connect the phone to your PC with an USB cable to access the internet. You can enable USB tethering by entering

android-gadget-service enable rndis

in Terminal. This will disable MTP (USB file access). You can re-enable MTP by entering

android-gadget-service enable mtp

From what I've read, USB tethering should "Just Work" with Windows and Ubuntu machines.

There is no UI that I know of for controlling USB or WiFi tethering.


LiveUSB Desktop doesn't load on an Inspiron B130

For a single-core CPU at speeds lower than 2.0GHz, I would recommend going for Lubuntu, which is even more lightweight than Xubuntu as offered by Mark Rooney, but for an installation, minimal install or alternate install (which are not the same), may be your best option since your RAM is not very big.


Kernel 4.15.0-118 causing kernel panic on Kubuntu 18.04?

Found a fix in Ubuntu 17.10 kernel panic not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)
Had to run only sudo update-initramfs -c -k 4.15.0-118-generic


Is there a way to upgrade a node via MaaS or Juju?

I don't think this kind of management is within MAAS's scope. That sounds like a job for other tools, the ones that come to mind are Landscape (https://landscape.canonical.com/), puppet and chef.

That said, if all your nodes are deployed with MAAS, they will be quite homogeneous, so you can use tools like dsh to execute the same command on multiple nodes, this would save you from having to do it manually node-by-node.


Cannot Enable My Graphic Card (ATI Radeon HD 3200 Graphics)

Could this be the blacklist bug? Ubuntu Oneiric has a bug, in that it does not properly blacklist the genric radeon driver, when you install the proprietary one.

Does the workaround described here https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/fglrx-installer/+bug/827120 help you?


How can I install gnome-icon-theme:i386?

gnome-icon-theme is in the Universe repository, which you'll have to enable by:

sudo apt-add-repository universe

and then run the update by:

sudo apt-get update

Now you can install the package by:

apt-get install gnome-icon-theme

You can also install gnome-icon-theme-full if the above one did not work for any reason. Note that these packages have multiarch support.


Unable to boot ubuntu after installation(dual boot with win 7)

The program you seem to be using is called Unetbootin. It is only used to create a bootable USB stick, which can then be used to install Ubuntu. I think you might have accidentally tried to make your Windows partition a bootable Ubuntu stick. Can you still boot Windows and use it like before? If so, use Unetbootin to create a bootable usb stick, install Ubuntu again, then remove the usb stick (!) and reboot. U should see a Menu where you can choose between Windows and Ubuntu.

EDIT: Sorry, i didn't see that your usb does not work. In that case, this won't help you. Do none of your usb ports work? Do they not work at all or just under windows?


allow snap apps to access data from outside of container

I have not used it yet, but there should be a interface to communicate with the $HOME directory. Here is some information about interfaces and here is a list with all available interfaces.


Difference between sudo rm -rf and rm -vf?

from the man Page:

  -r, -R, --recursive

remove directories and their contents recursively i.e. Folders inside them will be removed also.

  -v, --verbose

explain what is being done or show what is happening.

For the -f

  -f, --force           ignore nonexistent files, never prompt

You will not be promoted whether to remove the file or not. In other words: You will not be asked this question "Do you want to remove the files? Yes or No"


To fix the Network Manager not showing up on the panel issue, from the Lubuntu menu select Preferences > Default applications for LXSession, then click on the Autostart tab and under "Manual autostarted applications" type "nm-applet", then click the "+ Add" button on the left:

Now log out, log back in and you should see the Network Manager icon on the panel:
http://www.webupd8.org/2014/04/fix-lubuntu-1404-network-manager.html


$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-6-*

try this in the terminal

Perhaps openjdk6 might have been phased out from the ubuntu repositories
try this

$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk


I disabled ipv6 and the time for star up improved.


Your question is not clear. You won't use windows installer to format the drive. Just download the iso and infrarecorder, burn it to a cd or dvd and put it in the cd drive. Restart the the sytem and choose try ubuntu option. After some time you can see the ubuntu desktop. Open diskutility and format the drive.


Why wont my new HDD boot w/ fresh install of Ubuntu?

i got it working!!! I'm not sure what i did differently.... but this time i installed unencrypted and without LVM and after install i chroot apt update/upgrade to update all files then ran boot-repair and at grub menu selected recovery and it booted instantly... super happy my desktop is working again!!


OK, after some snooping I think that I found the answer (a hidden directory):

$HOME/.gnome2/panel2.d/default/launchers

Update: The above path was only half of the answer. Thanks to @DoR's reply here, it seems that panel launchers also need to register at:

$HOME/.gconf/apps/panel/objects/


How to import a variable from another script?

First of all, be aware that var and VAR are different variables.

To answer your question the . command is not bash-specific:

# a.sh
num=42

# b.sh
. ./a.sh
echo $num

The variables in "a" do not need to be exported.

http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html#Bourne-Shell-Builtins


This bug has now been fixed and is in 11.04 -proposed. Therefor you can enable proposed packages and install haskell-platform. If you do not want to keep getting -proposed updates you can disable it once you have haskell-platform installed. Look here for a guide on how to enable -proposed updates.

This bug is fixed in 11.10.


Could you add more information

Could you add ?

a sample file
how you are trying to make the thumbnail

At here

Looking Hi10P samples:

http://android.tnonline.net/Software/Video/Hi10P%20Software/
http://haruhichan.com/wpblog/index.php/205/hi10p-info-guide.html

Downloading:

hotd-op-1080p-hi10p.mkv
[DHR-Raws][Osaka_Okan][03][AVC_Hi10P_AAC].mkv
pussinboots-tlr1_h1080p.mp4

The KDE 4.8 ffmpegthumbnailer is making the thumbnails without problems

The ffmpegthumbnailer /1/ is making thumbnails

The VLC is playing and taking snapshots from the clips

:~$ vlc -v
VLC media player 2.0.5 Twoflower (revision 2.0.5-0-g1661b7d)

The screengen /2/ is making screenlist from the clips

Links

http://packages.ubuntu.com/precise/ffmpegthumbnailer
http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/ScreenGen+-+Screenlist+generator?content=153485


Black screen with flashing blinking cursor

Download and use Alternate Installer CD. It has text-based installer which should work on your system. After the installation, chroot to installed system and update it. You might also need Xorg-edgers PPA to be installed:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


Mouse cursor invisible after 15.04 update

This bug is still around for a Xubuntu 16.04 system using lightdm. A fix for Xubuntu, and possibly other DE's, as described on the Xubuntu 16.04 Release Post is to bring the cursor back with Ctrl+Alt+F1 followed by Ctrl+Alt+F7 .

This worked for me, where none of the other solutions had without reloading everything and closing every page.


Sounds like what you want to do is a full install not an upgrade. Choose "Erase Ubuntu" rather than "Install beside" in the partitioning section of the installer and you will have a fresh desktop you seek.


Why do I get "/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn.so.7 is not a symbolic link"?

Thanks to dear God I found the solution using this link.

  This may happen when you run sudo ldconfig after copying cuDNN files.

  After installing cuDNN, copying the extracted files to
  /usr/lib/cuda/lib64 and creating the symlinks, things may go wrong
  with the symlinks.

  So go to /usr/local/cuda/lib64/ and run ls -lha libcudnn*.

  You should see two symlinks (bold teal) and one single file. Something
  like this:

/usr/local/cuda/lib64$ ls -lha libcudnn*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  13 Dez 25 23:56 libcudnn.so -> libcudnn.so.5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  17 Dez 25 23:55 libcudnn.so.5 -> libcudnn.so.5.1.5
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 76M Dez 25 23:27 libcudnn.so.5.1.5

  The exact version of libcudnn.so.5.1.5 maybe be a little different for
  you (maybe libcudnn.so.5.1.10). In that case, adapt the code
  accordingly

  If libcudnn.so and libcudnn.so.5 are not symlinks then this is the
  reason why you got this error. If so, this is what you need to do:

/usr/local/cuda/lib64$ sudo rm libcudnn.so
/usr/local/cuda/lib64$ sudo rm libcudnn.so.5
/usr/local/cuda/lib64$ sudo ln libcudnn.so.5.1.5 libcudnn.so.5
/usr/local/cuda/lib64$ sudo ln libcudnn.so.5 libcudnn.so
Run sudo ldconfig again and there should be no errors

After running the
ls -lha libcudnn* in /usr/local/cuda/lib64 and seeing :

breeze@breeze:/usr/local/cuda/lib64$ ls -lha libcudnn*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 275M آوریل 15 12:03 libcudnn.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 275M آوریل 15 12:03 libcudnn.so.7
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 275M آوریل 15 12:03 libcudnn.so.7.0.5
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 268M آوریل 15 12:03 libcudnn_static.a

I had to do :

breeze@breeze:/usr/local/cuda/lib64$ sudo rm libcudnn.so
[sudo] password for breeze:
breeze@breeze:/usr/local/cuda/lib64$ sudo rm libcudnn.so.7
breeze@breeze:/usr/local/cuda/lib64$ sudo ln libcudnn.so.7.0.5 libcudnn.so.7
breeze@breeze:/usr/local/cuda/lib64$ sudo ln libcudnn.so.7 libcudnn.so
breeze@breeze:/usr/local/cuda/lib64$ sudo ldconfig

And everything is back to normal:)


Is there a linux command to bulk optimize several image files in just one step?

Install ImageMagick:

sudo apt-get install imagemagick

And use the convert command as follows:

mkdir new
for file in images/*jpg
do convert -quality 70% -resize '>900x' "$file" new/$(basename "$file")
done


$PATH problem in 16.04 "WARNING: your PATH doesn't contain ..."

When you do sudo ./configure, the user that needs to have the PATH address is the sudo user. When you edit the .profile, the user is not necessarily the sudo user. Try it:

$sudo su
$. setenv
$ echo $PATH #(here you can see the $PATH with the address)

then

$ sudo ./configure

I have exactly the same problem.


Hot to update Ubuntu Server packages with yum update?

Yum is a package manager for RPM-based systems - for Debian-based systems such as Ubuntu you will use the apt system e.g.

sudo apt-get update

The Ubuntu server editions are pure servers - if you want a GUI, install one of the desktop editions instead, or install the desktop of your choice on top of the server base via apt-get e.g.

sudo apt-get install lxde


I need to grant permission to my export directory to write to webserver, but I don't know what that is

Apache runs as www-data, not www. Furthermore, /var/www is the webroot of the server, so unless you linked /usr/local/share/stacks/php to the public in some way, you're not going to get it to work.


Ubuntu keeps asking for log in on Odroid although can login as root

For some reason a file inside of the /home/odroid home directory is likely causing problems. You can move the old user home directory and create a new one then migrate your files over:

sudo mv /home/odroid /home/notodroid
sudo mkdir /home/odroid
sudo chown odroid:odroid /home/odroid
sudo reboot

You can now access your files by going to /home/notodroid if you need them, just beware that migrating all those files will likely re-create whatever is causing the odroid user to fail it's login process.

EDIT
If some files are being copied from notodroid to odroid might be also necessary to change the owner from root to odroid. To reset the odroid owner the command sudo chown -R odroid:odroid /your/folder/ should be run.


Ubuntu 11.04 Bumblebee package not found

try

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia linux-headers-generic
Reboot or re-login


Grub not loading after Windows 8 Install

The GRUB needs to reside in front of all partitions on the device, therefore you should run

sudo grub-install /dev/sda

whereas using /dev/sda3 would install it only to the third partition. See the guide Recovering Ubuntu After Installing Windows you referred to:

  From here, find only the drive name, ignore the partition number, that is, for partitions labeled "root", "data2", "fat", "home" and "swap" it's all still just sda. This is due to the fact that GRUB is installed in the MBR of the drive, and not on a partition.


i assume that you were installing it on mako directly off google's occam stock firmware? at this stage, there are not much details are available but i reckon that there will be more soon. by giving as much information on your experience and challenges, hopefully the rate of its development will speed up and producing more resources available to all.
please share with the forum more details such as screen capture specific model/built/root and the step/methods used leading up to the error message. also, let us know if you are able to factory restore your device or is it bricked and completely broken. screen capture would be great too - i find it easier to study or diagnose and troubleshoot with pretty funky graphics.
there are so much to be learned from your techno-adventure and i hope that you find the solution that you are looking for.


Use ctrl+alt+F1 to switch to terminal,
login
run sudo service lightdm stop, lightdm and xserver should be stopped now (check with ctrl+alt+F7, which is your current xorg session, it should not show any desktop now)
do your things
run sudo service lightdm start to start lightdm and xorg again.

Good Luck!


Ubuntu 18.04 Do I need to create a boot partition during install?

GPT disks can boot in Legacy (BIOS) mode, and in EFI mode.

To boot a GPT disk with Legacy (BIOS) mode, you need to have a "BIOS Boot" partition.  This is entirely different from a /boot partition.

My BIOS Boot partition goes from sector 34 to sector 2047.  Its size is 1007.0 KiB.  Its type is EF02.

You do not need a /boot partition (unless your root partition is encrypted).

You also do not need a swap partition.  I never use swap.

If you are booting in EFI mode, then you need an EFI system partition (ESP).  This is not the BIOS boot partition.  It is also not the /boot partition, at least on Ubuntu.  (Theoretically, the ESP could also be /boot, but the Ubuntu installer, as of 18.04, does not support this configuration.)


Series of sed commands work on command line, but not in a script

Using cat -v to turn CR characters into literal ^M sequences seems fundamentally ugly to me - if you need to remove DOS line endings, use dos2unix, tr, or sed 's/\r$//'

If you insist on using sed, then I suggest you print the bits you do want, rather than trying to delete all the random bits you don't - for example

$ sed -rn -e 's/\"//g' -e 's/(.*): (.*)\r/\2/p' QueryR | paste -d '' - -
281952,Flash 11.2 No Longer Supported by Google Play
281993,Netbeans won't open in Ubuntu

You could get fancy and roll the quote removal into the key-value extraction by matching zero or more quotes at each end of the value sequence

$ sed -rn 's/(.*): \"*([^"]*)\"*\r/\2/p' QueryR | paste -d '' - -
281952,Flash 11.2 No Longer Supported by Google Play
281993,Netbeans won't open in Ubuntu

You could get really fancy and emulate the paste in sed by first joining pairs of lines on the ,\r$ ending and then matching the key-value pairs multiply (g) and non-greedily

$ sed -rn '/,\r$/ {N; s/([^:]*): \"*([^:"]*)\"*\r\n?/\2/gp}' QueryR
281952,Flash 11.2 No Longer Supported by Google Play
281993,Netbeans won't open in Ubuntu

(Personally I'd favor the KISS approach and use the first one).

FWIW, since your input appears to be over-quoted JSON, I'd suggest installing a proper JSON parser such as jq

sudo apt-get install jq

You can then do something like

$ sed -e 's/["]["]/"/g' -e 's/"{/{/' -e 's/}"/}/' QueryR | jq '.id, .title' | paste -d, - -
281952,"Flash 11.2 No Longer Supported by Google Play"
281993,"Netbeans won't open in Ubuntu"

which removes the superfluous quotes and then uses jq to extract the fields of interest - note that jq seems to handle the DOS-style line endings, so there's no need to to take special steps to remove those.

Change to jq '.[]' to dump all the attribute-value pairs.

Credit for inspiration and basic jq syntax taken from Overcoming newlines with grep -o


Unable to install driver RTL8188EUS_linux_v4.1.4_6773.20130222

Please try:
cd rtl8188eus
make clean
git pull
sudo dkms-install.sh

Is there any improvement?


upload git commits to external host with scp , ftp ,rsync or anything

I use xargs with scp:

git diff-tree --no-commit-id --name-only -r HEAD | xargs -n1 -i scp -C -P 1234 {} root@11.22.33.44:/var/public_html/{}


Where are changelogs for updates to "apt"?

One way:

$ sudo apt-get changelog apt > ~/apt-changelog
[sudo] password for dkbose:
Get:1 Changelog for apt (http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/changelogs/pool/main/a/apt/apt_1.0.1ubuntu2.12/changelog) [439 kB]
Fetched 439 kB in 4s (92.1 kB/s)
$

A second way:

sudo apt-get install apt-listchanges

But apt-listchanges will work for all subsequent installs made using APT, not just for a specific package.

A third way is to examine /usr/share/doc/libapt-pkg4.12/changelog.gz.


There are 3 issues with this.

First, if you are using icedtea7/java7 then you will not be able to use OpenGL display mode unless you trick the Java binary to find its own library (which it for some reason is unable to find)

Secondly the 64 bit version of Java cannot use the client JVM which is designed for desktop Java applications. The 64bit version can only use the server JVM (which still runs the game but slow while textures are enabled) or other JVM that cannot run Runescape.

Lastly your graphic driver will cause issues because it will not be able to utilize OpenGL properly in Runescape. You are instead recommended to use the proprietary driver.

There is a community run wiki article that was created by us in the Runescape community tech support team to help Linux users play Runescape at the highest performance as possible.

There are even ways to run the Runescape client on Linux (either through Wine or native). The RSU client I made is an attempt to port the official client to Linux and apply as many fixes as possible

To finish off, the Linux users in Runescape have their own dedicated sticky thread in the Runescape forum where you will be able to get support for most issues.
QFC: 25-26-99-61985129


Ubuntu 14.04 - need ssh access on Ethernet to execute the commands and wifi access to send data

Got two solutions for this --

First one -- Add default route on Ethernet interface and with less metric .
This may be over taken by Wireless metric when it gets ip dynamically and adds its own dynamic route.SO I do not think this is permanent solution at all times

Second one -- This will resolve the issue

Edit Connections -> Selct EThernet ->Edit - > Genral tab -> Select check box
1) automatically connect to this network when it is available
2) all users may connect to this network

Ethernet tab -> add ethernet mac & mtu - automatic
802.1x sec -> default
IPv4 settings -> Method - Manual & add Addresses - 172.18.201.100(eth ip) 255.255.255.0(netmask) 172.18.201.254 (gw) . Also select check box - Require IPv4 addressing for this connection to complete

==> Routes - selct check box - Use this connection only for resources on its network

IPV6 -> default or as you needed just same as IPV4 settings

--
Ram


How do I get past a 'frozen' terminal with a sudo password prompt?

Try typing in the password or right clicking to paste the password. Be sure to right click only once to paste. the cursor won't move but the password will be there, then just press enter to logon.

does that help?


I installed Windows 8 alongside Ubuntu with no dual-boot problems.
In your case I would try this:

Boot into Live Ubuntu, using a USB pen or CD.
Open a terminal and type:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair
If you are not secure of what you are doing, just press Recommended repair button.
If you know what you are doing click advanced options and configure the Grub installation as you will.


apt-offline for either offline or online system (mariadb 10.2 install)

Try downloads.mariadb.org

Choose your Distro, Release, MariaDB version and mirror there and follow the steps

To quote, "Here are the commands", with mirror site modified, "to run to install MariaDB on your Ubuntu system:"

sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 0xcbcb082a1bb943db
sudo add-apt-repository 'deb [arch=amd64,i386,ppc64el] http://your-mirror-of-choice/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu trusty main'`

"Once the key is imported and the repository added you can install MariaDB with:"

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mariadb-server

Hope this helps you get started by installing 10.2 on your internet-connected 14.04. Then you may try your apt-offline process again.


It seems there are some problems in your disk's partition table (very risk to try and fix it unless you're an expert on these matters). This might be the cause of the problem with resizing partitions.

You can try and use GParted on a Live CD/USB to perform a check on all these partitions. Perhaps GParted can fix those partition boundary issues.

Otherwise, you can also try and reduce the size of a partition adjacent to your Ubuntu partition, and then try and increase the size of your Ubuntu partition to include the new free space (immediately before or after it).

If these cannot resolve the problem, I think you have 2 options left:

An expert work on disk partition table (after backing up all data in all partitions)
Another solution to space problem in your Ubuntu partition by (i) regularly cleaning your system via software tools like bleachbit, and/or (ii) using other partition(s) for user data, e.g. Documents, Music, Pictures, Video, Mails, etc. by using symbolic links, etc.


sed, the stream editor, is your friend here. For example.

sed -i.bak -e's/<p id="first"/<p id="second"/' file.html

would change all the paragraphs with the id 'first' to id 'second' in file.html, and create file.html.bak into the bargain.


Do recovery partitions that don't have drive number belong to Ubuntu?

1) No. You lack enough confirmed information yet. Boot from a LiveUSB and look at the disk in GParted. It will confirm if the partitions really are available for an Ubuntu install.

2) Ubuntu does NOT have a recovery partition. It doesn't need one -- that's what the LiveUSB does. All of Ubuntu, including /home data storage, can be in a single, simple partition (or as complex across multiple partitions as you wish). Once you determine which partitions are available, you can decide upon how you want the partitions to be organized.

3) Yes, that's normal. 18.04 and newer Ubuntu installers will create a swap file instead of a separate partition. Swap partitions are useful for hibernation, but swap files allow better use of disk space.


Do I need to add the ppa before update a software via terminal?

If I understand your question correctly the answer is

No.

The Ubuntu repositories contain both VLC and Skype, but you might be able to get newer versions from a PPA.

One way to tell if the package you want is in your current repos (including any PPAs you've already added) is:

apt-cache search <packages-name>

Or you can open the software center and search. PPAs are only for software that isn't already in the repos.


Problems installing Ubuntu on a vaio with SSD, GRUB installation failure

I am experiencing exactly the same problems, but I can get grub working by using boot repair

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

Although GRUB now works I still can not boot up. I have not tried the advanced options yet. Although if the repair did not succeed, there is a summary of your system with an URL that can be used to help diagnose the problem.


Wifi only accepts passwords of 5 or 13 characters

Looks like you are using WEP encryption.

For a 40 bit WEP network the password is 5-characters.
For a 128 bit WEP network the password is 13-characters.

Change your encryption to WPA. WPA uses either a passphrase (a shared secret) that is comprised of 8 to 63 characters or a fixed-length of 64 HEX characters.

Oh ... if your network card and/or router does not support WPA (doubt it though since it became available in 2003) you need to buy new hardware.

Regarding the side of the network card. Click the connection icon at the panel, edit connections, choose the wireless and Edit...

Regarding the router you are on your own ;)


Why is the GCC 4.7 PPA not upgrading to 4.7.1?

Ubuntu (and especially Long Term Support version like 12.04) is not a rolling release distribution. Therefore the versions of stuff usually does not upgrade unless there is a serious reason to do that like major bug or security hole. If I want to use the latest version I should either use rolling release distro like Arch linux or compile stuff myself. Compiling GCC might be tricky though and should be performed with caution.


Error when installing: "unable to find a medium containing a live file system"

Try changing the following:

Switch from a USB 3.0 socket to 2.0
Try using a USB hub
(If booting from a USB stick) try using a different USB stick

I'm using 10.04 Ubuntu on Asus 1015PEM, but reports of this affecting 18.04 and newer versions of Ubuntu are still occurring.


Was installing gcc 4.8, ran out of diskspace now cant use gui, how to fix?

Start by running sudo apt-get install -f. This should cater for the unsolved dependencies.

Then you could recover space with sudo apt-get autoremove and sudo apt-get autoclean.


Why is Linux Mint not a Ubuntu official flavor?

To start off with, you might want to look at https://www.ubuntu.com/download/flavours and https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DerivativeTeam/Derivatives to see that Linux Mint really is not a official Ubuntu flavor.

However, the underlying reason is that while Linux Mint's codebase is Ubuntu, it does not use the Ubuntu repositories. The Linux Mint team changes software as they see fit. In the same way that Ubuntu uses Debian as its codebase, but Ubuntu isn't a flavor of Debian, Linux Mint isn't a flavor of Ubuntu.

Linux Mint has no Ubuntu branding or affiliation (other than using the codebase) with Ubuntu.

While it is similar, if you look at the nitty-gritty of the repositories, you will find that Linux Mint is very different to Ubuntu.


Can't adjust sound for internal sound card anymore

Well, I fixed it by reinstalling alsa-base and pulseaudio with apt-get. Now everything works fine and there is even "speakers" in the output-section of the sound system settings. I think maybe my headphones was the culprit.


Porting WiFi network from NetworkManager to /etc/network/interfaces

Shouldn't it be wireless-essid MU-GAMING
And not wireless-essied MU-GAMING


Can't create UBCD memory stick, using Kubuntu 18.04

UBCD Bootable USB Drive

I had meant to make a comment rather than an answer but am now committed.

I had excellent success using Rufus, (https://rufus.ie/), to install UBCD, It took less than a minute, however Rufus is a Windows program.

MultiBootUSB, (Debian / Ubuntu - https://github.com/mbusb/multibootusb/releases/download/v9.2.0/python3-multibootusb_9.2.0-1_all.deb) Created a UBCD Bootable USB Drive that worked for me in both BIOS and UEFI.

UNetbootin, (Linux Version), Did not work for me installing UBCD. I was unable to boot it using GRUB2 either.


How do I find out which program is associated with a Unity launcher icon?

Each Launcher icon has a shortcut or .desktop file associated with it, which defines its properties. These .desktop files are normally stored in /usr/share/applications/.

We can use the name tooltip shown when hovering over a Launcher icon to find its associated .desktop file and from that, the path to the program or script it is launching.

Hover over the launcher icon in question to display its name:

Open a terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T, and type/paste the below; replace the APPNAME with the name shown in the previous step to get the path to the program that will be launched:

grep Exec $(grep -l "APPNAME" /usr/share/applications/*)

For example, using the System Settings example and running the below:

grep Exec $(grep -l "System Settings" /usr/share/applications/*)

we get:

Exec=gnome-control-center --overview

which tells us that the name of the executable is gnome-control-center, and it's being launched with the option --overview.


format a flash drive to Mac OS Extended (Journaled)

gParted with hfsprogs can do this.

But it might have limitations since it is not native to Linux.

  The HFS+ file system used by Apple Computer for their Mac OS is supported by the Linux kernel.  Apple provides mkfs and fsck for HFS+
  with the Unix core of their operating system, Darwin.

  This package is a port of Apple's tools for HFS+ filesystems.

  For users, HFS+ seems to be a good compromise to carry files between MacOS X and Linux Machines, as HFS+ doesn't suffer the
  problems of FAT32 like:

  huge space waste (in slack space as devices grow faster);
  bility to create files that are more than 4GB in size (especially good for those working with multimedia and that need to carry large
  ISO files);
  ability to use case preserving (and even sensitivity!);
  ability to use uid's and gid's on the filesystem. Users in general can enjoy such benefits since it is expected to have more HFS+ filesystems in use, as Apple has announced Macintoshes for ix86-64, besides the filesystem being already supported by PowerPC system since the beginning.


Why dependencies of ubuntu-restricted-extras result non automatic?

ubuntu-restricted-extras is a meta-package. That will cause any installed direct dependencies of it be marked as not automatically. A meta-package can be removed afterwards, which is often mentioned in a packages description.


How move User Folders to another partition (NTFS) in Ubuntu 14

I do this all the time with my computers. I have my documents, pictures, and music (etc) on the NTFS partition and then link them over to my Ubuntu installation. Works flawlessly. I even link my Thunderbird installation, so that my emails are synced as well.
The key is to MOUNT the drive on boot. Here is how you do what you asked for:
First, you will need to make sure you have the proper NTFS packages installed to mount them with read/write (all the commands to follow are done in a terminal window):
sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g

To figure out which one is your actual partition (with your user data on it), you will need to find out which one is the right one by it's size. Type this:
sudo fdisk -l | grep NTFS

This will show something like this:
/dev/sda1  *         2048    718847    716800   350M  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda2          718848 467937279 467218432 222.8G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda3       467937280 468858879    921600   450M 27 Hidden NTFS WinRE

/dev/sda2 shows up as 222.8G for me and is the right size of the partition I am looking for. You will have to match the right one for you.
To make sure that plugging in an external drive or USB stick doesn't mess up the sdX naming convention of the drives when you boot up, we will NOT use that to mount the drive. We will instead get the UUID of it. This way we make sure to always mount the right drive! To get the UUID type:
sudo blkid | grep sda2

This should show something like this:
/dev/sda2: UUID="2292B90B92B8E507" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="446ec305-02"

Now we have all the information to put something into fstab to automatically mount the drive in a directory of our choice.
First make a backup of your fstab file. Just in case something goes wrong.
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak

Now let's edit.
Using GEDIT: (easier for beginners)
gksudo gedit /etc/fstab

OR using terminal (nano): (good to learn)
sudo nano /etc/fstab

Add this line at the end of the file:
#Added By Carlos
UUID=2292B90B92B8E507   /windows_data  ntfs-3g defaults,windows_names,locale=en_US.utf8   0       0

Change the UUID to match yours. Also, I am assuming you live in the US, and if not, you will need to change the locale.
Finally, let's make the directory:
sudo mkdir /windows_data

You can call it 'windows_data' or whatever you want. Just make sure to match it to the entry in fstab.
Let's mount it! Well, first unmount it to make sure. Use the sdX of your partition to do that. Mine would be:
sudo umount /dev/sda2

Then mount it all properly:
sudo mount -a

If everything worked, you will now have your windows partition automatically mounted to /windows_data! Pat yourself on the back for a job well done so far! :)
Ok, let's do the final step: link the directories you wanted! And this is the easiest step.
What I usually do is to open TWO nautilus windows (the Ubuntu file explorer). Hit the Windows key on your keyboard and type "nautilus". Open one and go to your "Home" directory (should be in "/home/" somewhere).
Open another and go to "/windows_data". Then go into your users data directory in there. Right-click on the directory (like "Documents") and select "Make Link" and it will create a shortcut there. Move the shortcut by pressing CTRL-X and then CTRL-V in the other nautilus window.
Delete the old 'Documents' directory in your Ubuntu home directory (if it is empty) and rename the shortcut to 'Documents'.
Rinse and repeat for the rest of the directories.
I hope I didn't move too fast. If you need more info on anything I can edit this answer to add more detail.


Failed to load module appmenu-gtk-module + canberra-gtk-module

To install the GTK2 and GTK3 modules:

sudo apt-get install appmenu-gtk2-module appmenu-gtk3-module


Full disk encryption with lvm2 fails after kernel update

I have discovered that spaces in my /etc/crypttab were causing the newly created initrd to fail.  Even though the crypttab file appeared okay.

This was discovered after I rolled back to the working kernel and also broke it when I created a new initrd using:

sudo update-initramfs -u

I removed the unnecessary spaces from /etc/crypttab and updated the initramfs again.

All good.


mtp usage: how to mount and transfer files to and from a Samsung: Galaxy model Android phone

I'm on Debian derived Bunsen Labs Linux 8.6 bunsen-hydrogen
So,you can try this:

$ sudo apt-get install mtp-tools
$ man mtp-tools

This is kinda clunky, but I've used it to get files off my ultra low-end Alcatel (KitKat) phone.
There's got to be a better way...

#!/bin/bash
# copies all the pictures out of my Android phone

echo "Creating list of .jpg files..."
mtp-files | \
egrep '^File ID|Filename' | \
perl -pe 'm/^File/ && s/\n//' | \
perl -lane 'print "$F[2] $F[4]" if m/\.jpg/' > camera_files.lst

while read field1 field2; do
  echo "Copying $field2..."
  mtp-getfile $field1 $field2
done < camera_files.lst


Are you using Ubuntu in Arabic?
If not then I would suggest downloading the language packs straight from System Settings--->Language Support--->Install/Remove Language

Active Internet connection required BTW


How do I get a program to start up at boot?

From the location of the command (/usr/local/...) it seems that you have compiled apache yourself, and not installed the distribution's package.

The startup of the httpd daemons should be controlled by either upstart or the System-V style script in /etc/rc.d.

The simple solution is to add the command to /etc/rc.local. This file is a script that is executed at the end of the booting process. Open the file in your preferred editor, for example

gksudo /etc/rc.local

And add this before the line that read exit 0:

if [ -x /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl ]; then
   /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
fi

The test should avoid to have an error in the boot phase that will stop the boot process if somehow you manage to remove the program forgetting to re-edit the file.


Nvidia Higher Resolution becomes bright and grainy

Open Nvidia-settings from a dash or terminal

Nvidia-settings

Choose your display under the GPU section and here you can adjust gamma and brightness, amongst other stuff, to your liking


How to Install Brother DCP-8110DN Laser Printer on Ubuntu?

I have finally achieved it. This is how I have done it.

With the help of this page, and with the official instructions:

This web page takes you to the download page of the drivers and to the instructions.

Brother's cupswrapper driver page for my printer
Brother's LPR driver install page for my printer

I am installing this printer on Ubuntu 13.10 just a week after 13.10 was released.
The drivers that Ubuntu tries to install by default, from the gutenprint project, fail. So I have to do it manually. Possibly if Ubuntu polishes and fixes the default installation method it may work in the future, as it was working by default in Ubuntu 13.04.

I am connecting to the printer via USB. In a later version of this tutorial I will explain how to connect via LAN.

I download these two files from the mentioned Brother's pages.

dcp8110dnlpr-3.0.0-1.i386.deb
dcp8110dncupswrapper-3.0.0-1.i386.deb

In theory I can choose to install either the CUPS one or the LPR one. But it seems that if you choose to install the CUPS one, you have to install first the LPR one and then the CUPS one. And this is what I am going to describe, how to install both in order to get the CUPS driver to work. I am choosing CUPS as it is a more modern system.

Procedure:

Install Apparmor utils (with sudo agt-get install apparmor-utils
or with the Ubuntu software centre)

sudo apt-get install apparmor-utils
Let's tell Apparmor (aa) not to complain (aa-complain) about CUPS
(cupsd package)

sudo aa-complain cupsd
Let's create a directory necessary for the installation. But in my
case Ubuntu replied that the directory was already present.

sudo mkdir /usr/share/cups/model
Let's install the LPR driver (of course you need to navigate with
the command line to the folder where you have donwloaded the driver
file) (Quick tip: Use "cd" to navigate in the command line, example
"cd Documents" to go to a subfolder called Documents inside your
present folder, or "cd .." to go to an upper folder)

sudo dpkg -i --force-all dcp8110dnlpr-3.0.0-1.i386.deb
Install cupswrapper driver

sudo dpkg -i --force-all dcp8110dncupswrapper-3.0.0-1.i386.deb
Check if the LPR driver and cupswrapper driver are installed

dpkg  -l  |  grep  Brother

This is the output I get in my computer for this command:

ii  dcp8110dcupswrapper                       3.0.0-1                                 i386         Brother DCP-8110D CUPS wrapper driver
ii  dcp8110dncupswrapper                      3.0.0-1                                 i386         Brother DCP-8110DN CUPS wrapper driver
ii  dcp8110dnlpr                              3.0.0-1                                 i386         Brother DCP-8110DN LPR driver
ii  printer-driver-ptouch                     1.3-6                                   i386         printer driver Brother P-touch label printers

I am connecting to the printer via USB. Now let's check via the CUPS
interface if the printer is present. Let's open a browser and go to:

localhost:631/printers

Following the official instructions we should

  Check if the Device URI of your printer is "usb://Brother/(your
  printer's model name)"

  If the device URI is different from the example above, please go to
  "Modify Printer" of your printer to select proper device and driver
  How to do this:  Click on the printer's name; you are sent to another
  page, that should display the URI in the "Connexion" area.

The output I get from the CUPS interface in my computer is:

  usb://Brother/DCP-8110DN?serial=E70745A3N358848

Also as a side note, in my case, the first time I printed a page, a first page was printed saying that I installed the wrong driver, but I know I did everything correctly. Also this page has not appeared again:

In my computer the printing works well.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Scanning:

We need 2 files, the scanner driver (32bits or 64bits) and an extra file.

Driver file name on July 2014.

32 bits: brscan4-0.4.2-3.i386.deb

64 bits: brscan4-0.4.2-3.amd64.deb

Extra file name on July 2014:

brother-udev-rule-type1-1.0.0-1.all.deb

1) Getting the driver file

You need a 32bit or 64bit version of the driver.
You can check you Linux version by typing on a terminal uname -a

This is the output of uname -a in a 32bits system: (notice i686 and/or i386)

  Linux tommy 2.6.38-8-generic-pae #42-Ubuntu SMP Mon Apr 11
  05:17:09 UTC 2011 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

This is the output of uname -a in a 64bits system: (notice x86_64)

  Linux webserver 2.6.28-19-server #64-Ubuntu SMP Wed Aug 18 22:43:50
  UTC 2010 x86_64 GNU/Linux

After you know if your system is 32bit or 64bit go to your printer's drivers page, accept their EULA, and download your driver.

In July 2014 the driver names are respectively:

32 bits: brscan4-0.4.2-3.i386.deb

64 bits: brscan4-0.4.2-3.amd64.deb

2) Getting the extra file:

After you have downloaded your driver you will see in that page there is a procedure about how to install the driver, and in the 5th item of the description there is a link that says "Use your usb-connectrd scanner by a normal user", click on it, then you will be taken to another page with information about several linux distributions, for Ubuntu 10.10 to 13.10 (valid also for more recent ones, such as the current one now, 14.04) there is a link that says "1. Click here to download the file.(brother-udev-rule-type1-1.0.0-1.all.deb, ver.1.0.0-1, 2KB)" click on it and get the 'extra' file

brother-udev-rule-type1-1.0.0-1.all.deb

Now we have our two files, our driver file (32 bits or 64 bits) and the 'extra' file. We can now install the drivers.

3) Prerequisite before installing the driver files: We need to be sure our computer has installed the two following files, a) sane-utils b) tcsh

Install them via Ubuntu Software Centre or with the following command in a terminal:

sudo apt-get install sane-utils tcsh

4) Install the driver with your printer turned on and connected via USB.

Open a terminal and go to the folder where you saved your driver files, and execute:

For the 32bits version:

sudo dpkg -i --force-all brscan4-0.4.2-3.i386.deb

For the 64bits version:

sudo dpkg -i --force-all brscan4-0.4.2-3.amd64.deb

5) Install the extra file so not only the superuser can use the scanner:

dpkg -i brother-udev-rule-type1-1.0.0-1.all.deb

6) Check if the scanner is installed by typing on a terminal:

dpkg -l | grep Brother

The output in my computer for this command is:

  dpkg -l | grep Brother

  ii  brscan4           0.4.2-3                     i386         Brother Scanner Driver
  ii  dcp8110dncupswrapper  3.0.0-1                 i386         Brother DCP-8110DN CUPS wrapper driver
  ii  dcp8110dnlpr 3.0.0-1                          i386         Brother DCP-8110DN LPR driver
  ii  printer-driver-ptouch 1.3-8                   i386         printer driver Brother P-touch label printers

Restart the computer and check your scanning. I am using simple scan and it works properly.

Note: Remember to set up your printer via its physical interface, via its cursor rubber buttons and small screen

A) the resolution at which you want your docs to be scanned and

B) the format of the file that will send to your computer: jpg or pdf.


Why is the Ubuntu Live User Signed Into All tty's?

You can disabled TTY's by removing (or moving to something other than .conf) the following files:

/etc/init/tty1.conf
/etc/init/tty2.conf
/etc/init/tty3.conf
/etc/init/tty4.conf
/etc/init/tty5.conf
/etc/init/tty6.conf

I found the culprit to the auto-login: In the /etc/init/tty1.conf in the live session, there is this line:

exec /bin/login -f ubuntu < /dev/tty1 > /dev/tty1 2>&1

This makes /bin/login log in as "ubuntu" - which has no password set. So, if you want similar functionality, blank the password for an account and set it to log in as that account. Of course, this is generally not recommended unless you're in a live system as it leaves a gaping security hole (unless that user is severely limited).

Also, every time that process it killed (i.e. via exit) it gets called again - which again logs in as the "ubuntu" account.


Did you try with -n?

/usr/bin/guake --new-tab -e

-e must be last argument, since Qt Creator will append its command at the end.


You can use QML basic types or the generic var property.

  The var type is a generic property type that can refer to any data
  type.

  It is equivalent to a regular JavaScript variable. For example, var
  properties can store numbers, strings, objects, arrays and functions.

The following code will demonstrate the use of both basic types and var properties:

import QtQuick 2.0
import Ubuntu.Components 0.1

Rectangle {
    id: mainView
    width: units.gu(30)
    height: units.gu(40)

    Item {
        id: myItem
        property int aNumber: 100
        property bool aBool: false
        property string aString: "Hello world!"
        property var aVarNumber: 100
        property var aVarBool: false
        property var aVarString: "Hello world!"
    }

    Component.onCompleted: {
        console.log(myItem.aNumber, myItem.aVarNumber)
        console.log(myItem.aBool, myItem.aVarBool)
        console.log(myItem.aString, myItem.aVarString)
    }
}

Source: http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-5/qtqml-typesystem-basictypes.html


sudo apt-get install firefox
this is through terminal
if you want to install it via GUI then ubuntu software source is a good Repositories type what ever software you want to install and install,another way is through synaptic package manager for more details on this read http://www.wikihow.com/Install-Software-in-Ubuntu


Dump md5 and sha1 checksums with a single command!

You can achieve this with some proper bash ninja-fu. :)

You know the procedure to calculate one at a time:

$ echo abc | md5sum
0bee89b07a248e27c83fc3d5951213c1  -
$ echo abc | sha1sum
03cfd743661f07975fa2f1220c5194cbaff48451  -

Edit: as @gertvdijk suggested, and reading the info pages a bit more, this can be done directly with tee and Process Substitution supported by modern shells, without redirects. This way you can pass your data to two processes and one file using tee:

$ echo abc | tee >(md5sum) >(sha1sum) > output.txt

It's also possible to chain if you need more, but you have to take care of STDOUT from all the subprocesses. This will NOT give you the expected result, but mixes the first two checksums together with the data in output.txt:

$ echo abc | tee >(md5sum) >(sha1sum) | tee >(sha256sum) >(sha512sum) > output.txt

If you redirect the checksums to a file inside the substituted processes, you can chain these as you like:

$ echo abc | tee >(md5sum > /tmp/md5.txt) >(sha1sum > /tmp/sha1.txt) | tee >(sha256sum > /tmp/sha256.txt) >(sha512sum > /tmp/sha512.txt) > output.txt

Here's my initial suggestion without process substitution, but which allows chaining/recursive use without mixing the data and the output:

$ echo abc | tee -a /proc/self/fd/2 2> >(sha1sum) > >(md5sum)
0bee89b07a248e27c83fc3d5951213c1  -
03cfd743661f07975fa2f1220c5194cbaff48451  -

The trick here is to use tee, which duplicates the data to STDOUT and a file. We're being clever by telling it to write the data to the file /proc/self/fd/2, which happens to always be the current process' STDERR file descriptor. And with the > >(program) syntax we can redirect each file descriptor to a program's STDIN instead of a file. Just like |, but with more control. > >(md5sum) redirects STDOUT to the md5sum program, while 2> >(sha1sum) redirects STDERR to the sha1sum program.

Note that the order of 2> and > seems to matter, I have to put 2> first on the command line. These are evaluated from right to left, but I'm not sure why this makes a difference.

To do this on a file or a hard drive, you should replace "echo abc" with a cat or a dd, eg:

dd if=/dev/sda bs=8k | tee -a /proc/self/fd/2 2> >(sha1sum) > >(md5sum)

The nifty thing about this is that you can actually recurse and run several at the same time, not just two. The syntax gets hairy, but this works:

echo abc | tee -a /proc/self/fd/2 2> >(tee -a /proc/self/fd/2 2> >(sha256sum) > >(sha384sum) ) > >(sha512sum)

If you want to capture the result and use it in a script, that works too:

A=$(echo abc | tee -a /proc/self/fd/2 2> >(sha1sum) > >(md5sum))

Now $A is a string containing all the output, including newlines. You can parse the values out later too:

echo "checksum=[$(echo "$A" | head -1 | cut -d " " -f 1)]"

I'm not sure you have any guarantees regarding ordering of the output though.


smmsp user/account most likely received only system notification emails. You can read such "text only emails" mailbox file in any text editor (e.g. vi).

Create email alias to redirect future emails:

smmsp to root
root to non privileged user/account


If you deleted the code using one of the d commands, the text might still be in one of the numbered registers. Use the :registers command to check, and if you see anything that looks promising you can paste it with "2p (for example -- you can replace the number with that of whichever register the text is stored in).


smbclient getting NT_STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE connecting to Windows box

Have you checked your smb.conf?

Make sure your workgroup and security settings are properly set.  If you are working with a a computer as part of a domain, authentication requests are first passed through your domain controller, so make sure you have something similiar to:

security = domain
workgroup = WORKGROUP

You can also use the -W option to specify the workgroup, and add DOMAIN/ before your username to specify the domain:

$smbclient -L myhost -U DOMAIN/user -W workgroup

Hope this helps!


Mac Book Pro 6,2 Nvidia graphics & suspend don't work

I just ran into the same black screen issue, and it is highly frustrating. Log into your grub menu by holding shift while booting up your mbp, edit the kernel arguments with e, and right before silent splash you should add - nomodeset so it should look like what this guy here has done - http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1613132. If this solves the problem for you, continue with the rest of the instructions for setting it permanently.

ok, I've done some looking into this, since I am also currently working on getting my nvidia 740m to work. By the way, your graphics card uses nvidia optimus, so as a side note, you may want to look into bumblebee. But which nvidia drivers are you using? The 319 is the stable release, but not available in the repository However, the 325 beta drivers are available, and It noted some fixes to screen flickering in relation to scaling windows such as ours, so I believe this may be as useful to you as me. I am assuming you are referring to 319 however, but just incase you are not I will provide some links. And for your xconf not working, you could try this:

sudo /sbin/lsmod | grep nvidia

To make sure that it is loaded, if not you will have to load it manually like so:

sudo depmod -a
sudo modprobe nvidia_current

If you have issues with that, I would also recommend checking out additional drivers. If you do not have any listed, try this:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update

and check again, there should be some there. Then purge your current proprietary driver and use those and reboot, and enter this:

sudo nvidia-xconfig --sli=On

Since your card is an optimus, it is best practice to not install nvidia drivers that have optimus though, as there are many issues. So you should install bumblebee to run your graphics intensive programs, and just use the additional drivers or the nvidia-current. If you happen to run into that screen resolution error again, you can use optirun to load your nividia setings directly as well.
https://wiki.debian.org/Bumblebee#Installation
Also if you are interested, your graphics card also has support for CUDA, and since this is linux, the drivers don't support this by default just yet, you can install CUDA. There is some better explanations of that here as well.
How can I get nVidia CUDA or OpenCL working on a laptop with nVidia discrete card/Intel Integrated Graphics?  And you can get the toolkit from here:
https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads

Here are the links if you still wish to try those proprietary drivers:
http://linuxg.net/install-new-nvidia-drivers-nvidia-319-17-on-ubuntu-13-04-raring-ringtail/
http://linuxg.net/how-to-install-nvidia-325-08-beta-drivers-on-ubuntu-linux-mint-debian-fedora-and-opensuse/
And here is the link referring to the brokn unity window:
After upgrading to 13.04 Unity interface is not showing.

Hopefully this has helped some, if not, let me know and I ill look into it.


How do I get suspend working on a Sony Vaio P?

When you install Ubuntu it ask's if you want your home partition to be encrypted or not, if you chose so the swap partition will also be encrypted. The problem with the  encrypted swap is that it does not support well suspend or hibernate. So you can check for start if the swap is or not encrypted.


Package updates leave older software packages including the kernel versions.

For cleaning those packages do :

apt-get autoremove


Will “guided with encrypted LVM” enable TRIM on a SSD?

No. Trim is installed by the installer though but the 2 have no correlation. Trim is enabled based on the brand of your SSD. If the SSD is supported and tested prior and deemded working perfectly trim will be enabled. Otherwise it will be installed and disabled and you need to enable it manually. This is independent of the installer.

So one installation might have you a working trim from the start; another installation might have you needing to enable it manually.

  If not, how could I enable it after the installation?

From fstrim:

5555            if ! contains "$HDPARM" "Intel" && \
5656               ! contains "$HDPARM" "INTEL" && \
5757               ! contains "$HDPARM" "Samsung" && \
58                ! contains "$HDPARM" "SAMSUNG"; then
59                 echo "device $DEV is not an Intel or Samsung drive"
 58               ! contains "$HDPARM" "SAMSUNG" && \
 59               ! contains "$HDPARM" "OCZ" && \
 60               ! contains "$HDPARM" "SanDisk" && \
 61               ! contains "$HDPARM" "Patriot"; then
 62                echo "device $DEV is not a drive that is known-safe for trimming"
6063                continue
6164            fi
6265        fi

How is Trim enabled?


Shutdown is unable to power off system in Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS

Try acpi=noirq instead of acpi=force.
My /etc/default/grub have this:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="maybe-ubiquity acpi=noirq"

And now it's working (Ubuntu Server 20.04.2 LTS).


Why do I have to use MySQL from terminal only?

Installing mySQL-workbench
I don't know why, but the mysql-workbench package is missing in Ubuntu 20.04.
However, you can easily install it from the main page:

Download apt installer package and copy the m5sum
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/apt/
Click if you don't want to create an account on the bottom link "No thanks, just start my download."

Check the m5sum and install it
Install it from your download-directory
sudo apt install ./mysql-apt-config_0.8.15-1_all.deb

Update and install
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mysql-workbench-community

Start a mySQL party:
mysql-workbench&


How to migrate installed system to RAID1?

Briefly:

make a backup of anything important
make a boot cd or usb stick and test it
make the mirror pair and a partition on it
(optional) make an lvm pv on the partition, then a logical volume on that
dd your existing root filesystem onto that new lv
resize2fs it to grow it to use the new space
reboot, interrupt grub, and set the root= parameter to point to one of your new disks
you should now be up using the new disk; now reinstall grub onto the boot sector of one of the mirrored disks, pointing at the new system
change the machine's bios to boot from one of the mirrored disks

There is some risk these rearrangements will leave your system temporarily unbootable so you should only start on this if you're reasonably confident doing low-level rearrangements and/or you have  a second machine you can use to ask for help.

Ask if you need more help on any of these points.  If none of them make any sense, you should probably just do a fresh install onto the new disks, unless you have a big appetite for adventure. ;-)


Want to search occurance of "error" string in a log file except in some strings that has "error"(we should ignore these strings)

One (very rough) approach is to grep all "error" occurrences:
grep -i "error" FILENAME

Explanation:

-i: Filter Case insensitive (RegEx equivalent is the /i flag)
"error": Filter for the term "error"
FILENAME: The file to search in

Then filter out those you don't want:

grep -Eiv "(LocalErrorPagePolicy|ErrorMapping|CustomErrorPagePolicy|error=ForceYes|Error details may be seen in the file:)" FILENAME

Explanation:

-Eiv: Concatenation of multiple parameters, equivalent of grep -E -i -v
-E: Interpret the pattern as an extended regular expression (ERE, see man grep for more information)
-i: Filter Case insensitive
-v: Invert the sense of matching, to select non-matching lines.

For the Pattern:

(): Parentheses create a matching group
|: The pipe character serves as a logical or

This breaks down to "find TERM1 OR TERM2 OR ... OR TERMX" and then discard the lines where those terms are found.

If we add those together we get:

grep -i "error" FILENAME | grep -Eiv (LocalErrorPagePolicy|ErrorMapping|CustomErrorPagePolicy|error=ForceYes|Error details may be seen in the file:)"

To test this I created a very small dummy file:

LocalErrorPagePolicy
ErrorMapping
CustomErrorPagePolicy
error=ForceYes
Error details may be seen in the file:
Stackoverflowerror
I like errors
error error
LocalErrorErrorError
CustomErrorErrorPolicy
error=errorYes
I am a successfully output!

Result after applying the grep-command:

Stackoverflowerror
I like errors
error error
LocalErrorErrorError
CustomErrorErrorPolicy
error=errorYes

As you can see, the unwanted terms have been filtered successfully.


Change wallpaper based on times desktop has been shown

What if you check with "Xlib python library" or "wmctrl and xwininfo commands" what windows are not minimized? (Filtering windows like gnome-panels, etc). Depending on values (all app windows are minimized = entire desktop get viewed) and selected time delay you can create a xml slideshow with desired background image.


require help regarding brightness adjustment

Go to your Power Manager:
(In my case with Lubuntu I would go here but it may be different for you)
Menu > Preferences > Power Manager

See if there is an option that specifies startup brightness, or just plain brightness. I do not see these since I am using a Dell Dimension E510 desktop, but you may be able to see them.

If that doesn't work your screen hardware may be defaulted to resetting the brightness level on reboot, and I don't think there is any way to change that setting.


How to move Ubuntu installation to new drive

If you are using a RAID and your previous drive had problems, the best solution is installing from 0, since dd don't understand damaged sectors, and could migrate them (with damaged data) to your new drive and cause problems thereafter.

Do a backup of your /home directory, and restore all your data in the new drive. For having a list of all software/packages installed:

dpkg --get-selections > package_list

Then on your new system run:

sudo apt-get update && cat package_list | sudo dpkg --set-selections && sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade

With that, you will have a fresh copy of your system without possible problems that could cause the old one.


Netplan generates the same MAC address for bridges on two different machines

Machines having the same MAC address will mostly only happen when they also have the same machine-id in /etc/machine-id. This will be the case if they use a shared systemimage that has that file already.

In that case delete /etc/machine-id from the systemimage and reinstall using that image. At first boot the machine will generate a random machine-id and the MAC addresses will be different from other machines.

You can also delete /etc/machine-id from an installed machine, but your MAC address and maybe also your ssh server keys will be regenerated.


Can I get Network Manager to unload/load the wireless driver?

Disabling a wireless connection in Network Manager deactivates the wireless interface (similar to ifdown or ifconfig down), and then soft-blocks (turns off) the hardware device. It does not unload the wireless driver (kernel module).
The hardware/keyboard wireless switch will also soft-block (or hard-block, i.e. cut power) the internal wireless card.
You can customize -- to a limited degree -- what happens when Network Manager enables/disables an interface by editing scripts in /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d; see man NetworkManager for more info.

BUT this cannot be used to load/unload the driver via modprobe, because once Network Manager unloads the driver, the interface ceases to exist and it won't be able to bring it back up! (notice when you modprobe -r that the Wireless options completely disappear from the drop-down menu)

So, the best option is to setup a custom keyboard shortcut to a script which unloads/loads the driver; you can add that script to the sudoers file such that no sudo is needed for it. See this question for details.


Why did Canonical reduce Ubuntu's (non-LTS) support time to 9 months?

Is reducing support time the first step of going to have a rolling distribution?

No. Well maybe. Who knows... but the current vote was 3-0 against a rolling release.

  Or there is any other purpose?

Here is the meeting summary.
Here is the proposal.

  In order to go even faster as the leading free software platform, meet
  the needs of both our external users and internal communities (Unity,
  Canonical, Kubuntu, Xubuntu and many many others) and prepare for a
  wider role in personal computing, Ubuntu is considering:

  2. Reducing the amount of release management, and duration of support,
  for interim releases.
  Very few end users depend on 18 months support for interim releases. The
  proposal is to reduce the support for interim releases to 7 months,
  thereby providing constant support for those who stay on the latest
  interim release, or any supported LTS releases. Our working assumption
  is that the latest interim release is used by folks who will be
  involved, even if tangentially, in the making of Ubuntu, and LTS
  releases will be used by those who purely consume it.


How to upgrade Ubuntu on a dual boot system?

Whenever it comes to upgrading Ubuntu, there are many ways to do it. What I would recommend (especially to keep the integrity of your dual boot) is to open up "Update Manager" from the Dash menu/Applications menu. Then, run the upgrade to 12.04 that is listed near the top. This will upgrade 12.04 but there will be no negative effect to your dual boot.


Bluetooth crashing when streaming on Ubuntu 16.04

Use Blueman applet 1.23 from Ubuntu software center. Which will solve your Bluetooth crashing problem


Had the exact same problem with a laptop. It worked for me if I added --net=host. Never bothered to figure out why.


What factors should be considered when installing packages manually?

I am answering this question under my knowledge .

you have to install build-essential to compile any package manually .

     sudo apt-get install build-essential

Then you can configure your package with ./configure
   Then make and sudo make install
 But one more thing you have to remember is that package dependencies . If you are installing a package means those will obtained automatically ,if not
sudo apt-get install -f will do the job .

In the case of No internet connection , you have to collect all of them and thats a risky job , my opinion .

So if you want to install a package manually then you have to take care of the compilation tools nothing but build essential and dependencies of that package .

The above explanation applicable for any source packages .

But if you got builded packages directly i mean .DEB files then simply you can install them with

sudo dpkg -i filename.deb

and here also if dependencies issue may raise and you can take care of them with sudo apt-get install -f

If you got that package as a script(.sh) or binary file (.bin )  , the you can install with

chmod +x filenmae.sh
./filename.sh

for binary

chmod +x filename.bin
./filename.bin


Ubuntu 16.04.1 Heat issue - Dell, i7-2630, Nvidia GT540M

If your computer is in a dusty environment, the cooling fan can have reduced efficiency, or stop working all together. Also, the thermal paste that is in between the processors and it's cooling mechanism needs reapplication if it's old and not conducting as much heat away from the processors as it did when it was new. If you're not willing/able to remove the bottom cover from the laptop to check/clean the cooling fan, at least take a vacuum cleaner with an exhaust port, and with the machine powered off, blow air into the laptop via the vents to try and force out any dust.

Software wise, I'd remove tlp, and try this.

First, make sure that intel-microcode is installed. This will make sure that the processors are up to the latest revision. After installation and reboot, in terminal, you can type dmesg|grep microcode to see its operation in updating the processors.

Then I'd install thermald to see if that helps regulate the temperature better. It comes with a default config file that should work on most machines, but I wrote my own custom config file tailored to my Toshiba i5 laptop. You'll want to read up a little on thermald by typing man thermald and man thermal-conf.xml, in terminal. You can run thermald manually in --no-daemon mode to watch if it's doing the right thing, or as a basis for writing your own custom config file.

Let us know if this helps. Cheers, Al


What's the Best Operating System for Old Computer? Linux

Lubuntu? its light version Of ubuntu > for Old computers https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Lubuntu/Alternate_ISO


Stuck at boot screen after update: Ubuntu Gnome 14.04

The Issue is fixed, My gdm was broken.

I referred to this thread for help..

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2231856

I found out when I did

sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm

after which all I had to do was

sudo apt-get install gdm


Keyboard short-cut to switch to a specific workspace using Ctrl-[1-8] on numeric keypad

Under Preferences -> Keyboard Shortcuts you can map up to 12 workspaces. You can find needed entries under Window Management -> Switch to workspace #.


Syncing music to Android with Rhythmbox "Error transferring track"

I experienced the same issue using a Samsung Galaxy S7 and Rhythmbox 3.4.2 in Ubuntu 18.04.

I solutioned it by updating Rhythmbox to version 3.4.3. You can install it from an unofficial PPA (http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2019/01/rhythmbox-3-4-3-released-with-numerous-bug-fixes/).

Worked for me !


Ubuntu 16.04 refuses to log in after the laptop battery runs out while running sfill

sfill creates a file "oooooooo.ooo" or similar in the directory it receives as a parameter, so you can delete it from the guest account if you navigate to the directory sfill was told to operate in and remove the file, possibly as an elevated user.

These are the relevant lines from sfill.c:

char newname[strlen(argv[loop]) + 16];
strcpy(newname, argv[loop]); // can not overflow
...
    srand(getpid()+getuid());
...
    strcat(newname, "oooooooo.ooo");
...
            newname[counter] = 97+(int) (27.0 * rand() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));


I can't navigate in the 3D view of modo 701 in Ubuntu 13.04. Is the OS overriding the shortcuts somehow? How can I fix it?

For the moment use alt+windows. I'm searching for this also...

Found this but it doesn't work on Ubuntu 12.04...

Edit: Found it!

Open a terminal and run this command:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences mouse-button-modifier "<Super>"


How can I get the best performance for playing games?

I saw an answer to this on another site but I cant find the link to it, basically you setup  the short cuts that start the game , to run the metacity --replace command before it executes the game, then when you exit the game it then runs a command to reload compiz.

This needs to be sorted out before Steam lands as performance really suffers right now with Compiz - why unity is just a plugin for Compiz I dont't know :(


How to revert the results of gsettings set org.gnome.desktop command

The gsettings command has various subcommands:

pduck@host > gsettings
Usage:
  gsettings --version
  gsettings [--schemadir SCHEMADIR] COMMAND [ARGS…]

Commands:
  help                      Show this information
  list-schemas              List installed schemas
  list-relocatable-schemas  List relocatable schemas
  list-keys                 List keys in a schema
  list-children             List children of a schema
  list-recursively          List keys and values, recursively
  range                     Queries the range of a key
  describe                  Queries the description of a key
  get                       Get the value of a key
  set                       Set the value of a key
  reset                     Reset the value of a key
  reset-recursively         Reset all values in a given schema
  writable                  Check if a key is writable
  monitor                   Watch for changes

Use “gsettings help COMMAND” to get detailed help.

... and especially the reset subcommand:

pduck@host > gsettings help reset
Usage:
  gsettings [--schemadir SCHEMADIR] reset SCHEMA[:PATH] KEY

Reset KEY to its default value
...

So:

gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme
gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences theme

Personal observation: I never changed my theme or icon pack
and gsettings get … shows 'Ambiance' for both.

But apparently this is not the default, because when I
gsettings reset … them, then I get 'Ambiance'
for the gtk-theme and 'Adwaita' for the theme.
I've set them both back to 'Ambiance'.


Run the command:

md5sum <download-filename>

Then compare the output to the correct version of your download on this list

This checks that the file isn't corrupted in any way.


How to find out if my ubuntu is using HWE kernel?

HWE isn't a specific type of kernel, but is instead a metapackage that references a kernel track for a newer Ubuntu release. HWE is a way of switching to a newer major kernel version than your release started with.

You can find more about this on the Ubuntu Wiki:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/RollingLTSEnablementStack
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack

In your example, 16.04 shipped with kernel 4.4.x making 4.4 the "16.04 General Availability (GA) kernel". When 16.10 was released, its GA kernel was 4.8 which was made available on 16.04 as an HWE kernel and so on for each major release.

When you install the linux-generic-hwe-16.04 package you are installing the latest stable release's kernel.

Verify this by checking the metapackage's dependencies with sudo apt-cache depends linux-generic-hwe-16.04.

user@demo:~$ sudo apt-cache depends linux-generic-hwe-16.04
linux-generic-hwe-16.04
  Depends: linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04
  Depends: linux-headers-generic-hwe-16.04

Here we see linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 which is another metapackage, so:

user@demo:~$ sudo apt-cache depends linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04
linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04
  Depends: linux-image-4.15.0-29-generic
  Depends: linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-29-generic
  Depends: linux-firmware
  Depends: intel-microcode
  Depends: amd64-microcode
  Recommends: thermald

You can see here that this package currently points to kernel 4.15.0-29-generic, the 18.04 GA kernel (4.15) which is now available on 16.04 through HWE.

So, to finally answer your question, you are running an HWE kernel (because the GA kernel for 16.04 is 4.4) but there is a newer HWE kernel available for 16.04.


I use the the following when working on changes on the kernel:

1st build:

fakeroot debian/rules clean
debian/rules build
fakeroot debian/rules binary-headers binary-generic

change a source file, and do a quick rebuild:

rm debian/stamps/stamp-build*
debian/rules build
fakeroot debian/rules binary-headers binary-generic

The removal of the stamps/stamp-build allows one to rebuild without the need to perform the clean each time.  If you are not changing the header files in any way then you can remove the binary-headers part of the final fakeroot build line to just rebuild the binary-generic packages


Can not install packages after upgrade to 14.10

I have the same problem
When i run "sudo apt-get install -f" or "sudo dpkg --configure -a"
the system stuck for an hours at the last line

Here is the output:

elinko@Elinko:~$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
Setting up bcmwl-kernel-source (6.30.223.248+bdcom-0ubuntu1) ...
Removing old bcmwl-6.30.223.248+bdcom DKMS files...

-------- Uninstall Beginning --------
Module:  bcmwl
Version: 6.30.223.248+bdcom
Kernel:  3.16.0-23-generic (i686)
-------------------------------------

Status: Before uninstall, this module version was ACTIVE on this kernel.

wl.ko:
 - Uninstallation
   - Deleting from: /lib/modules/3.16.0-23-generic/updates/dkms/
 - Original module
   - No original module was found for this module on this kernel.
   - Use the dkms install command to reinstall any previous module version.

depmod...........

DKMS: uninstall completed.

------------------------------
Deleting module version: 6.30.223.248+bdcom
completely from the DKMS tree.
------------------------------
Done.
Loading new bcmwl-6.30.223.248+bdcom DKMS files...
Building only for 3.16.0-23-generic
Building for architecture i686
Building initial module for 3.16.0-23-generic
Done.

wl:
Running module version sanity check.
 - Original module
   - No original module exists within this kernel
 - Installation
   - Installing to /lib/modules/3.16.0-23-generic/updates/dkms/

depmod....

DKMS: install completed.


Flash drive file system isn't recognized

Eventually solved by simply running this command:

sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt

Not sure why it won't auto-mount or show in Nautilus' side-bar like other flash drives, but from the terminal it works fine this way (Thanks to Nati)


Windows compatible games on ubuntu 13.04

Desktop shortcuts generally don't work in Wine. You probably need to open your Home Folder, then press Ctrl + H to view hidden files. Then go to .wine then drive_c then Program Files and choose the folder which Chess Planet is in (probably called Convekta) and find a button which looks like it launches the game. Double-click on it and the game should be working as good as it can in normal Wine.

If that doesn't work, you can increase your chances of success by grabbing PlayOnLinux, redownloading the ChessPlanet and clicking 'Install a program' and then 'Install a non-listed program' and following the instructions. It will then create a working (hopefully) link on the desktop as well as a link in the PlayOnLinux app menu.


Apache Alias Folder: 403 Access Forbidden

Have you tried using a Symbolic Link instead of an Alias?

In the Terminal:

ln -s /media/MediaServer/Videos /var/www/Videos

Then in your Apache config file you need to add
Options FollowSymLinks to the <Directory /> section, as seen here

This will create a symbolic link at /var/www/Videos that points to /media/MediaServer/Video. Basically the system will see the folder on 'MediaServer' as the contents of /var/www/Videos/.

More information about Symbolic Links can be found here and here.
I use them with apache all the time, and never have any problems. Hope it helps.


I'd try this if I were you :)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-337


Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu/dists/xenial/main/i18n/Translation-en

You have a file that has invalid permissions that can be removed:

sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/ppa.launchpad.net_webupd8team_java_ubuntu_dists_xenial_main_i18n_Translation-en.xz

You can also run this command to clear the apt cache:

sudo apt clean

After that your apt update command should work as expected.


Few hints from your pastebin:

Disable secure boot in BIOS
Run the installation of Ubuntu in UEFI mode
Some issue with your Logical volume drives for "ubuntu-vg-root" and
"ubuntu-vg-swap_1" may be you should not try something else but the
default option for installation of Ubuntu Linux


Ubuntu 16 doesn't boot graphically and startx doesn't work

a user in other more active forum suggested me this, I'm adding it to give more insight:

  startx will not work in 16.04 which uses systemd, not upstart, but you
  may get somewhere by using command Code:

sudo service lightdm start

  However, that does not really help us to figure out what has happened
  and why you no longer boot to a desktop.

doing that returned

Job for lightdm.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status lightdm.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

then I've been told

  Run those two command shown in a terminal and see what output you get.
  Code:

systemctl status lightdm.service
journalctl -xe

the first one returned

lightdm.service - Light Display Manager    Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/lightdm.service; static; vendor preset: enabled
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:lightdm(1)

the second one returned 3707 lines, the ones with colord-sane are red and return the same error, example:

colord-sane[12163]: io/hpmud/pp.c 627: unable to read device-id ret=-1


Unable to run VMware Player 3.0.0-203739 on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

linux-headers-generic is a meta package which usually installs the appropriate headers, but it looks like something went wrong here.
Please install the headers manually with:
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-`uname -r`

Please use VMWare player 4.0.x!


Screen tearing on google chrome in 15.10

As suggested by dobey, enabling hardware acceleration in google chrome's advanced settings solved the problem.


How to increase home Partion in Ubuntu 15.10

Get gparted but if you want to change size of partition in which ubuntu is installed then you have to make live USB/disk then boot ubuntu from this live USB/disk then open gparted and change the size of any drive you want. You have to use live USB/disk becuase you have to unmount the drive in which you want to make changes.


I tried to find find the solution to both issues.  I hoped the python error wil be resolved when you install ubuntu-server on the desktop system:

$ sudo apt-get install ubuntu-server

I still gave the same Python permission error.  Ctrl + Alt + F3 gives you a terminal to login.  Then to get the Desktop Gui back:

$ sudo systemctl restart gdm3

Next, I installed Synaptic Package Manager and used it to reinstall Python3 as well as gdm3.

That seemed to have solved the problem.

The second point is actually not an issue. Until you have provided DHCP via a VLAN on the Maas Gui, you will get this error when you run:

$ sudo systemctl status maas-dhcpd

After DHCP was set via Maas, this command gives the green light!

Hope this assists other Maas users!
Best wishes
Gert Kruger


Can't install Nvidia Drivers on Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS (GTX 1050 Mobile, AMD Ryzen 5 2500u)

I was faced with a similar problem while trying to install the Nvidia drivers for the RTX 2070.

May I suggest you look at how I solved the problem in this post, in case it helps.

The two important things to note are:

You need to install a driver which is compatible with your graphics card. You can check compatible drivers on the Nvidia website. From what I see there, the latest version 418 supports your graphics card (but please check yourself to make sure).
Make sure you use the command sudo apt-get install nvidia-driver-418 when installing your driver (not sudo apt-get install nvidia-418 which is obsolete).

Please let me know how if it worked.


Process to install Virtual Box Guest Additions Virtual Box

If you already downloaded a VBoxGuestAdditions.iso file to your host filesystem, you should be able to install the image from the VM's Devices menu using Insert Guest Additions CD Image...

Note that does not actually install the guest addition components, it just makes the ISO available as a virtual CD. On Ubuntu Server guest OSes, it does not even mount the virtual CD within the guest system.

Alternatively, you can download the ISO straight into the guest system from the repository, using

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-additions-iso

Once you have made the ISO available by one of the above methods, you must mount it somewhere in the filesystem. I am going to assume you want to use mountpoint /mnt for that, but you can create a different mountpoint if you wish.

If you inserted the ISO image as a virtual CD:

sudo mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

If you installed the guest additions ISO package from inside Ubuntu:

sudo mount /usr/share/virtualbox/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso /mnt

Finally, navigate to the mount point and run the installer:

cd /mnt

sudo ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run


system becomes unresposive if RAM is eaten up

It becomes slow because you use all the RAM for your stress test, and things gets written to swap.

Disk storage is orders of magnitude slower than RAM. RAM can handle bandwidths of 10's of GB per second. SSD's can handle single-digit gigabytes per second. Hard disks can manage hundreds of megabytes per second.

This is simply the expected behavior when you over-commit your memory by such an large amount.


Network printer recognized but not printing

you could try to configure the printer new using cups, type

http://localhost:631/

into any browser, remove the printer from printers list and add it again in the webinterface by entering the ip. There you can choose the driver for the printer by yourself. If it is a network print, the address cannot be localhost, this is your computer.

Give feedback if you have any questions


num lock messing up keys on right side of keyboard

As your keyboard has a separate numberpad, this is likely a hardware/firmware problem, and is not because of Ubuntu.  Many people have reported the same thing happening in Windows with similar models of laptop.  See http://h30434.www3.hp.com/t5/Other-Notebook-PC-Questions/Problem-with-num-lock-and-keyboard/td-p/256, for example.

Put simply, your keyboard firmware now wrongly thinks that it doesn't have a numberpad, and these keys can be used as a numberpad on keyboards without one.


change default email client for xubuntu 18.04

Change the preference in Firefox.  type about:preferences in the address bar and scroll down.  Then type mail in the box.

I don't have Evolution installed so I can't show exactly how to do it, but when you click on Use Thunderbird Mail (default) you will get a dropdown menu with other choices. Hopefully Evolution will be one of the choices.


nmcli dev disconnect iface wlan0 does not work anymore :(

it turned out that I have to disable auto-reconnection and use nmcli nm wifi off && nmcli nm wifi on to off\on it.


Installed Ubuntu on one drive and left windows 7 on the drive, now can't boot to win7

Set the BIOS boot priority to boot off the second hard drive as suggested.  When ubuntu boots up, open a terminal window and type

sudo update-grub

and see if the OS prober finds the Windows and insert it into the grub boot menu.  If it does not, then you may have to repair the windows boot files.  It looks like the installer may have tried to put the grub files on the first hard drive.

If you haven't already done so, I'd recommend booting Ubuntu and mounting the first hard drive, then backup any and all important data to something safe, such as an external hard drive.


XRDP not showing taskbar or header, what's wrong?

XRDP can't run Ubuntu 3d session  So you have either to use Ubuntu-2d as the default session wehn you connect via xrdp or you can choose other sessions such as gnome-fallback, cinamon or whatever.

Anyway, to do that just edit/create .xsession For example to make ubuntu-2d as default session do the following:

cd /home/youruser
echo "gnome-session --session=ubuntu-2d" > .xsession
sudo /etc/init.d/xrdp restart


Why doesn't right-click work on my desktop?

Try this:

Go to the Software Center, type Advanced Settings in search, and install the Advanced Settings (Gnome Tweak) tool.

Click on the launcher (top left), type advanced and run the Advanced Settings tool. Under Desktop, set the first item "Have file manager handle the desktop" to ON. If it is ON, turn off then on again.

That should hopefully fix the right-click issue.


HP-15-Notebook-PC shows wifi Adapetr Not Found?

There are a lot of people around the Internet that have trouble with this particular Wireless device. This Wifi adapter is not fully supported by Linux and suffers from the following problems:

there is only an experimental driver called rt2800pci
Ralink does not provide official driver for newer linux kernels
Some machines experience a Kernel panic when shutting down unless the WiFi is disabled beforehand
the Bluetooth radio on the card will not work. Period.

The ultimate solution for many people is to do one of the of the following:

buy a new internal Wifi card which has support in Linux
buy a WiFi USB dongle which has support in Linux


System can't write in the windows mounted location

Okay, first of all, let's make your Ubuntu Login a sudo user.

 sudo usermod -U username

And try to mount it from the User.


how to count the number of directory and files recursively?

find .|wc -l will do the trick. This shows all files and directories from .(current dir). If you just want to have dirs try find . -type d. Note that this will count the current dir also.


Please refer to Nvidia Guide. Be sure that in the driver section it stands nvidia and not nv. Also be sure to have all linux headers installed so:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic


Unity just disappears after changing launcher icon size and won't come back

I'm pretty sure I had the same problem as you.

What I did to fix it was open a Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T), type ccsm in the Terminal and then enabled the Ubuntu Unity plugin and it now works again.

Warning: What are some of the issues with CCSM and why would I want to avoid it?


gedit: search and replace with regular expressions

From the standard Replace box (Control+H) you can use a little grouped regex to handle this:

Search for: .*\| (.*) \|.*
Replace with: \1
Check the box that has "Match as regular expression"

This is on Gedit 3.10.4, the default version in Ubuntu 14.04.


One issue is that you are installing an older version of the package; let's remove it:

sudo dpkg -P bcmwl-kernel-source_6.30.223.141+bdcom-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb

Next, please see:

  Module build for the currently running kernel was skipped since the
  kernel source for this kernel does not seem to be installed.

Please get a temporary internet connection and do:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall linux-headers-generic

Once the reinstallation of the headers is complete, next do:

sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

Please post any errors or warnings.


error during the Installation of maas-region-controller on a clear Ubuntu 14.04lts base server

I've resolved that installed MaaS directly using an Ubuntu ISO clear and from boot selected MaaS.


Usb flash synchronization with Ubuntu-one

Ubuntu One does not support synchronizing of files outside of your home directory at this time.


Why isn't WebM video supported out of the box?

Webm has to first be supported out the box in the correct gstreamer packages before it can be supported in Ubuntu out the box. The main reason it is not included as yet is because it is a rather "recent" format and code for supporting it is still a bit fresh.

You would have to wait for gstreamer to support it as part of their default set, since at the moment it's still a bit "experimental" in gstreamer.


Yes,

The user id of root is always 0. It is hardcoded in the kernel.

So any root user on any system that can get to that backup will be able to give you access to that backup. That includes allowing you to chmod, chown on that backup file.