switched from nvidia to amd gpu, sluggish GUI, 3D acceleration seems to run. Really confused

Well after I uninstalled the amdgpu driver with /etc/bin/amdgpu-uninstall and a reboot i am back in business.
I have no idea what to conclude after this experience. This is an ancient and underpowered AMD GPU (Turks Radeon HD 7570), but nevertheless it was alarming exactly the extent to which the experience ended up unacceptable with the newer drivers.


/etc/profile.d scripts apparently aren't executed at login

What you are missing?
The files from /etc/profile.d directory are sourced at startup, not when the application (in your case another terminal) starts. So, probably after a system restart your alias will work.
But, the right way to create aliases is:

if you want to create system wide aliases, these should go in /etc/bashrc file
if you want to create personal aliases, these should go into your ~/.bashrc file, or better into ~/bash_aliases file.


why does pkill autocomplete on alt+f1 terminal, but not on a regular X terminal?

Check that in the ~/.bashrc file (or /etc/bash.bashrc) there are lines (towards the end)

if [ -f /etc/bash_completion ] && ! shopt -oq posix; then
    . /etc/bash_completion
fi


Keep Chrome in the background when opening links from Thunderbird

Set your Focus Prevention Level
First install ccsm: (if you already have, ignore this step)
sudo apt install compizconfig-settings-manager

... then open it.  You can do this either from the terminal:
ccsm

... or from the GUI; just search for ccsm or compiz config in Dash Home.
Now navigate to General Options > Focus & Raise Behaviour and set Focus Prevention Level to Normal or even High if the problem persists.  Close Compiz Configuration Settings Manger, and you're done.


Upgraded from 16.04 to 18.04 w/Unity now no audio

I had a very simmilar problem after upgrading from Ubuntu 16.04 to 18.04. No program could output audio, except the system settings speaker test.

I was able to fix it by deleting the config files in ~/.config/pulse and then restarting pulseaudio with pulseaudio --kill. It should restart immediately and recreate the config files with what seems to be default settings.

After that audio worked again :)


How to make Document Viewer allow me to scroll through the pages?

What you want is called "continuous" scrolling. The location of the setting might differ from version to version. In Ubuntu GNOME 16.04:

In older versions and in Unity, I think it might be in the "View" menu.

Assuming the keyboard shortcut hasn't changed, try pressing C.


I have not tested this but try specifying the framerate before you specify the input file:

avconv -r 1 -i ./relief_%04d.png \
   -vf "scale=320:240" \
   test.avi

This may be enough to get you moving hopefully, if not there are many more hints on this page:

Create a video slideshow from images

Note especially the method of specifying the framerate twice which would bear some experimentation with in your case.

This is aimed at FFmpeg rather than avconv but should hopefully work with both...


Touchpad recognized as generic ps/2 mouse on a Dell Inspiron 13z 5323

You can try the solution in this link: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2102346


is it possible for windows viruses when downloaded through ubuntu affect my windows os

Viruses affect systems where that file is executed on.

You can not execute an .exe on a normal Ubuntu so there you will not have an issue. Viruses for Linux are not that mature to affect us. The smaller marketshare might have something to do with it. Or that the average Linux user is more aware of what he/she is doing. Might be all of those. But nevertheless a Linux virus like they appear in Windows has yet to be found.

2 problem area's:

You can execute it with wine. Wine has restrictions but this can(/will) affect your wine 'partition' and programs used with wine and everything you can access from within wine as long as the Linux permissions let you. So -never- use sudo or go to root when using wine (this is more of a general rule and not related to Viruses).
If you use Ubuntu to download a file with a virus and then move the file to a Windows system this virus will be activated on executing that file and it will affect your Windows system.

So the answer to your question is: yes, if you move those files to a Windows system it will be able to harm your Windows system. But for those last 2 cases you can use a virus scanner on Ubuntu to check files before you move them to Windows. Catching the bug before it reaches the OS it is meant to mess with is the smarter options (besides not using Windows ;) )

Some interesting topics:

Is installing wine in Ubuntu safe?
Old but still valid and an interesting read: http://archive09.linux.com/feature/42031
And this for some smiles: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=72598 Noteworthy: Linux system compromised due to using sudo: http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=391869&postcount=12 (usr and cups got infected).


Attempting to install Ubuntu on Oracle Virtual Box inside Win 7

Look Here: https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch03.html#settings-storage

It explains how to add and remove storage

Or Simply

Click Option>Storage>Remove the ISO

Tell me if this worked!


How can I bind my capslock key to a fish shell command, and disable its toggle-caps functionality?

First, check the manual because I think that Ctrl + F will also autocomplete. You can see it typing help in fish.

If you want to go ahead with the mapping, run xev and press capslock to get the keycode. Mine is 66:

enter code hereKeyRelease event, serial 37, synthetic NO, window 0x5200001,
root 0x4b7, subw 0x0, time 6149967, (918,609), root:(984,661),
state 0x10, keycode 66 (keysym 0xff57, End), same_screen YES,
XKeysymToKeycode returns keycode: 37
XLookupString gives 0 bytes:
XFilterEvent returns: False

Now create a script (i.e. ~/xmodmap.sh) with permission 755 and the following text:

#/bin/bash
xmodmap -e "keycode 66 = End"
xmodmap -e "clear Lock"

Run the script and it will convert the capslock into the End key.

To make this permanent, add this command to the startup applications:

/bin/bash -c "sleep 7 && /home/myusername/xmodmap.sh"

I've tried it with the fish shell and it does auto complete the command.

I use Alt Gr to map some keys to closer positions: Customize keyboard layout including navigation keys


How to merge duplicate contacts from evolution

I stumbled upon this plugin EvolutionContactMerge from 2009, tested for Evolution 2.26 and 2.28. Here somebody said it works.
I did not test it for recent versions, but maybe it's worth trying out.


Creating new user was a way to resolve everything.
First created new user, then deleting old user (preserving files, renamed old user home folder), then re-creating old user... uid and gid were automatically 1000 so no problems here.

While customizing OS UI, I stumbled upon the core problem again, and although I cannot be 100% sure and cannot reproduce it no longer, there was a stage when certain button combinations in Compiz configuration settings manager (Expo, Desktop Wall... ) caused not to be able to get context menu on gnome-panel. I have disabled everything that I do not use and deleted shortcuts/buttons.


You've done it almost right with the second answer, need to fiddle a bit with the configuration file, try to use this:

#!/bin/sh

unset SESSION_MANAGER
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS

export XKL_XMODMAP_DISABLE=1

[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup
[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
vncconfig -iconic &
gnome-panel &
gnome-settings-daemon &
metacity &
nautilus -n &
gnome-terminal &


ImportError: No module named pkg_resources

pkg_resources is a dependency of setuptools. Open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install --reinstall python3-pkg-resources python3-setuptools


Wireless Connection Needs authentication

I have an Intel wireless device and a TP-Link TL-WN722N and the Intel works much better. I am going to recommend some changes to you and I suspect that, if you undertake all of them, the internal Intel device will work very well.

First, turn off power saving in Network Manager. From the terminal:

sudo sed -i 's/3/2/' /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/*

Next, I recommend another change to Network Manager.

 sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

Edit the file so that it now reads:

[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile

[ifupdown]
managed=false

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

After making any needed changes, save the file (Ctrl+o followed by Enter) and exit nano (Ctrl+x).

Reboot the computer.

Next, as has been noted, many Linux drivers, including ath9k_htc and including iwlwifi hate hate hate TKIP.

Please check the settings in the router. WPA2-AES is preferred; not any WPA and WPA2 mixed mode and certainly not TKIP. Second, if your router is capable of N speeds, you may have better connectivity with a channel width of 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band instead of automatic 20/40 MHz, although it is likely to affect N speeds. I also have better luck with a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.

After all these changes, is there any improvement?


Used wireless as hotspot but connected device (iphone 3) gets no conection?

One of these methods should work: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Internet/ConnectionSharing


Unable to install TensorRT 4.0 on Ubuntu 16.04

I had the same issue.

Environment

ubuntu 16.04
cuda 9.0

Solution:

I think that you may install the cuda by .run file. If that's true, u should remove it and reinstall cuda by .deb file.

run

dpkg-query -W | grep cuda-cublas

then if outputs is something like this :

cuda-cublas-9-0 9.0.176-1
cuda-cublas-dev-9-0 9.0.176-1

then your issue will be solved.


Note: This answer applies to 12.04 where the version of the wakeup package is 1.2.x. If you're having this problem on 12.10 (or later, this answer probably doesn't apply to you.

Sticking that error into Google would have alerted you to this bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/wakeup/+bug/990946

There's a rookie error in /usr/bin/setalarm that you can edit out or patch yourself (running the following command should do it):

sudo patch /usr/bin/setalarm <(<<EOF
 39,40c39
< cronstring = re.sub("\*", '"*"', cronstring)
< crontimes.append(re.sub('"', '', cronstring))
---
> crontimes.append(cronstring)
EOF)

Or you can grab the a patched version from Launchpad and install that.


Can I use the Ubuntu installer to replace Windows Vista?

The Windows Installer (WUBI) avoids partitioning the hard drive by creating a virtual partition as a big file inside the Windows partition. It also allows uninstalling Ubuntu in the same way one would uninstall a Windows application.

An WUBI install of Ubuntu depends on components of Windows for (a) installation, (b) during booting to Ubuntu, (c) and for uninstallation.

So if you erase (or uninstall) Windows after installing Ubuntu using WUBI, then Ubuntu will not work.

Solution:

Create a Live USB/DVD and boot from it. Instructions for burning an Ubuntu installation DVD are here: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/burn-a-dvd-on-windows.

Choose "Try Ubuntu" first and make sure everything (sounds, graphics, Internet) works.

Click on the Install button if you are satisfied. You will be given a choice to erase Windows.

Warning: This choice will erase all the existing partitions, C: D: etc. and all the data (songs, pictures, etc.). Make backup copies of all the valuable data in an external drive, DVD or some such things before trying to install Ubuntu.

Hope this helps


My changes to com.canonical.unity-greeter file won't take effect

Ok so I figured out what I was doing wrong!

After editing the

/usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/com.canonical.unity-greeter.gschema.xml

file you have to run a command after which applies the changes you've made.

the command:

glib-compile-schemas /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/

will apply the changes made and all you have to do is reboot for them to take effect! :D


How can I install Iceweasel in Ubuntu 15.04?

Iceweasel web browser is a fork from Firefox for the purpose: backporting of security fixes to declared Debian stable version and no inclusion of trademarked Mozilla artwork.

Beyond that, they will be basically identical.

To get started, press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open terminal. When it opens, run command below to add the PPA:

   sudo add-apt-repository ppa:dirk-computer42/c42-backport

Then update and install the browser:

   sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install iceweasel

Hope it will work.


How can i open the .auz (Authorization File) to Authorize Ableton live 8.2.2

I found a solution;

Open your file browser and hit Ctrl+H to show hidden files, open the ~/.wine folder then the C: folder and Ableton should be in program files.
Open Live 8.2.2.exe (found in ~/.wine/drive_c/Program Files/Ableton/Live 8.2.2/Program) using Wine Windows Program Loader (right click, open with, wine windows program loader)
Once Ableton is running drag and drop the Authorize822.auz file onto the Ableton window.

You should then get a message telling you that Ableton has been authorised.
Hope this works for you.

Just a small side point, Ableton Live 8.2.2 will run without having been authorised, however you can not save any of your work.


How do I find a string (and some lines before and after) in a huge file by terminal?

Use grep with the -A (how many lines to display after the match) and -B (how man lines to display before the match) parameters:

grep -i -n -r -A 4 -B 4 'mysearchstring' file.xml


Is it possible to install a task in a different drive?

Nope. "tasksel" will use the pre-defined locations for files for installing. Any installation method in Ubuntu for installing a complete desktop will be into the default location unless you want to install it compiling it all yourself.

The are some easier alternatives.

If you have 2 USB sticks you could download the ISO to 1 stick and install it onto the other one using the "startup disk creator".

Or create 2 partitions on the USB stick (1 just large enough to store the ISO) and then install onto the 2nd partition (see Live USB on a 2-partition usb-drive )


Desktop remote control unable to access my account

Please give more info about what ubuntu version you are using, what vnc server program and with what commands/options you start vnc server. Assuming your work computer is using ubuntu 15.04 or latest and x11vnc, you can use the option -auth guess to the x11vnc command which will enable you to be able to logout and login again with a different account as it is described here:
http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html under the section -auth file. Hope that helps.


Keyboard Media Volume Control not working

Probably the media keys are not controlling the correct device. Open sound preferences and try to enable/disable things. In my case it helped.

Also see:
How to switch 'default' sound device controlled by hardware keys in Xubuntu?


Broadcom Wireless Drivers During/After OS Upgrade

Based on direct experience, Broadcom drivers do not need to be reinstalled after an upgrade from Ubuntu 14.04 to 16.04.

It is not clear if the entire upgrade can be done over that wireless connection, because I did not attempt it.


Can Ubuntu PC be connected to a Television?

Good question. You will need 2 cables, one for sound and one for video.

For Video you will need a VGA to whatever is supported on your TV's end. For example a VGA to RCA cable, a VGA to Composite Cable, VGA to DVI, VGA to S-Video, etc..

I can confirm in my case that VGA to RCA works with Ubuntu using an Nvidia or Intel card. If you have an Nvidia card you need to open nvidia-settings and go to the option that searches for new devices. If you have an Intel card, you just need to plug it in and you are done. VGA to DVI and VGA to S-Video also work.

With the sound is easier. I haven't found yet a combination that does not work. Most of the problems are related to VGA to X cable. The only issues you should know is a direct HDMI to VGA will not work. This is because HDMI is Digital and VGA is analog. The only way this will work directly (With the same cable) is if your video cards supports digital output through a VGA port. In any other case you will need a VGA to HDMI converter.


Error creating virtual disk - The given disk size is not aligned on a sector boundary (512 bytes)

When setting up my virtual machines (currently > 12 running) I always follow these steps:


I think if you boot into Windows and then perform a full hard drive test
(Check Disk) and let it correct any potential problems.
If your familiar with going into the bios, or utilities you may also be able to perform a HDD Smart Test.

If all these pass, Ubuntu should be able to mount those partitions by default installation. If not make sure you have ntfs-3g installed.
Read more here.


I-Nex currently doesn't have a Bionic Release so you will have to use the Zesty repository:

sudo -s

echo 'deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/i-nex-development-team/daily/ubuntu zesty main' >> /etc/apt/sources.list

exit

I-Nex requires the Gambas runtimes, so if you don't have them, you will have to add that repository also (it is up-to-date):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gambas-team/gambas3

Now update your sources and install:

sudo apt update

sudo apt install gambas3-dev gambas3-gb-image gambas3-gb-qt5 gambas3-gb-form gambas3-gb-desktop gambas3-gb-form-stock -y

sudo apt install i-nex


How can I automate script that works? rtcwake, service network-manager

The solutions were to adjust the commands in cron

From (without backslash %s):

sudo rtcwake -m disk -l -t $(date +%s --date '16:25')

To (with backslash %s):

sudo rtcwake -m disk -l -t $(date +\%s --date '16:25')

After every awakening I also run time sync cron-job, which run approximately 3 minutes after the wake up time. During this time the OS time will jump from a lagging of two hours to the correct time. After this the hardware clock can be synchronized with the OS-time. If you sync it to fast it will sync back in time and ruin the rest of the scripts that depend on the correct time:

sudo hwclock --systohc --localtime

The latter ensures that the BIOS clock and localtime are the same. Otherwise they will drift from each other when the internal battery clock moves independently from the processor that is at rest while the computer is asleep.

To make sure the time sync works I have put both the correct time to run the cron time sync and two hours before which is the intervall my computer lags.
It means if I want the time sync to go off at 18:55 I also put in 16:55 so that it runs even if the hardware clock is out of sync with the OS clock

55 16,18 * * * hwclock --systohc --localtime

You will have to monitor your own system to see what discrepancies occur. If it moves around just put in more hours to do the sync. Perhaps even every hour. When the computer is asleep nothing will be done, but while it is awake it will sync the time every hour.


Cling now provides binary snapshots for Ubuntu (as well as Fedora and OSX) which you can find here https://root.cern.ch/download/cling

For example if you are on ubuntu 16 (or newer?):

sudo apt install -y wget unar
wget https://root.cern.ch/download/cling/cling_2018-09-21_ubuntu16.tar.bz2
unar cling_2018-09-21_ubuntu16.tar.bz2
./cling_2018-09-21_ubuntu16/bin/cling


How do I install Remix OS in GNOME Boxes?

Press the TAB key at the first menu  (where you would choose between running in "Resident" or "Guest" mode) and add INSTALL=1 to the boot parameters. Check here for more info: http://fatminmin.com/blog/install-remix-os-to-disk.html


Toshiba Satellite C55D-A5392 won't boot install or try Ubuntu

Simple fix pointed to by possible duplicates:

At GRUB screen, up/down arrow to select install option.

Press e key to edit boot options.

Remove splash and quiet. Add nomodeset.

Installer now runs as expected.


As you can see, pings by number work correctly. Pings by name do not so we suspect that you are correct that it is a DNS issue. I recommend that you set your own DNS in Network Manager as shown here:

Right-click the Network Manager icon and select 'Edit Connections.' Select either your ethernet or wireless, as needed and click the IPv4 Settings tab.

After making the changes as above, save and close. Reboot.

Any improvement?

It appears that, despite the warning to not edit /etc/resolv.conf by hand, someone has done so. Please run:

sudo resolvconf -u

Reboot. Any change?


How is this website made ? With what language or crm?

Just to complement Jos's comment.

You can clone the repository of these tutorial pages from https://github.com/canonical-websites/tutorials.ubuntu.com and play with them using simple ./run command or with Docker.

From HACKING.md file:

  tutorials.ubuntu.com is built with Google's Polymer, using web components
  . You can find information about these at the following links:

  https://www.polymer-project.org/1.0/docs/
  https://www.webcomponents.org/community/articles/why-web-components


Storing values shown on the terminal screen

You may process the output using sed and use bash's mapfile builtin to read the output into an array:

mapfile -t a < <(g_bar -f md*.xvg -o -oi -oh | sed '/lambda/s/.*DG *//')

-t: removes the trailing newline from each line of input before reading it into the array
a: the name of the array
< <(g_bar -f md*.xvg -o -oi -oh | sed '/lambda/s/.*DG *//'): redirects the output of the process substitution running g_bar -f md*.xvg -o -oi -oh | sed '/lambda/s/.*DG *//' to mapfile's stdin

This way each result will be stored in the array $a.

ubuntu@ubuntu:~/tmp$ cat infile
lambda 0.000 - 0.000, DG -0.00 +/- 0.00
lambda 0.000 - 0.000, DG  0.01 +/- 0.09
lambda 0.000 - 0.000, DG -0.02 +/- 0.08
lambda 0.000 - 0.000, DG  0.03 +/- 0.07
lambda 0.000 - 0.000, DG -0.04 +/- 0.06
lambda 0.000 - 0.000, DG  0.05 +/- 0.05
lambda 0.000 - 0.000, DG -0.06 +/- 0.04
lambda 0.000 - 0.000, DG  0.07 +/- 0.03
lambda 0.000 - 0.000, DG -0.08 +/- 0.02
lambda 0.000 - 0.000, DG  0.09 +/- 0.01
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/tmp$ mapfile -t a < <(sed '/lambda/s/.*DG *//' infile)
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/tmp$ echo ${a[0]}
-0.00 +/- 0.00
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/tmp$ echo ${a[1]}
0.01 +/- 0.09
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/tmp$ echo ${a[2]}
-0.02 +/- 0.08
ubuntu@ubuntu:~/tmp$ for x in "${a[@]}"; do echo "$x"; done
-0.00 +/- 0.00
0.01 +/- 0.09
-0.02 +/- 0.08
0.03 +/- 0.07
-0.04 +/- 0.06
0.05 +/- 0.05
-0.06 +/- 0.04
0.07 +/- 0.03
-0.08 +/- 0.02
0.09 +/- 0.01


Try 'uname -a' and make sure you're running a 64-bit architecture:

Docker requires a 64-bit installation regardless of your Ubuntu version.

https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/linux/ubuntulinux/


You probably did not accept the license.

Run in terminal

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ttf-mscorefonts-installer

When screen with the license appears, press Tab then Enter to accept.


So how to i Install teamviewer in ubuntu 12.04 64bit.

So your system is 64 bit.

  So when i install (2.) through ubuntu software centre I got error
  shows

So you are installing the 32 bit version?!

Why you are doing that, since you have 64 bit package why you are going to to install the 32bit package.

Anyway

teamviewer:i386 depends on libfontconfig1.

Then you should install libfontconfig1:i386 and not just libfontconfig1, but this may put you in some dependencies hell.

So I advise you to download the 64 bit again and install it instead to get rid of those possible problems.

Quoted from: How do I install TeamViewer on my Linux distribution?

For 64-bit DEB-systems without Multiarch you need the teamviewer_amd64.deb package.

For the 64-bit package:

sudo dpkg -i teamviewer_linux_x64.deb

In case “dpkg” indicates missing dependencies, complete the installation by executing the following command:

sudo apt-get install -f


I'll start by saying that the answer you linked already summarizes all the optimizations you may need.

Next, to answer your questions:

1. Which file system (ext2/3/4 or something else)? (consider SSD life)

ext4 is a good filesystem even for SSD, so that would be my suggestion.
(If you want performance so bad you should try XFS )

2. Can it be changed after installation?

Yes, but it is not trivial, so choose well from the start :)

3. Should I partition the disk? (as we do in traditional HDD) for now, no plan of dual booting. Only Ubuntu will live on scarce space of 80GB SSD.

This is really not a matter of SSD, but your personal choice. If you were to ask me I'll say no; don't partition the disk you will end in loosing useful space.
(If you end with a partition with 2GB free and another with 1GB free, you theoretically have 3Gb free but cannot copy a 3GB file... that space is wasted )

4. I have 2 GB RAM, should I still allocate swap space (if I dont allocate swap space, can i still hibernate the machine)? will swap space impact SSD life?
I wouldn't worry so much about the SSD life ( modern one can run for decades ), however 2GB of RAM are enough not to need the swap partition.
Finally the swap partition is needed in order to hibernation, so if you want to hibernate the machine then you need the swap partition.

5. Should I consider putting additional 1GB RAM to avoid swap space?
1GB more or ram is always useful :) do it if you can.

6. What is partition aligning? is it needed to be done before installing the Ubuntu OS or can be done later?

That is the procedure where you align clusters, blocks and chunks. IMHO it is only needed on servers with a lot of data throughput. A good tool to do partition alignment is GParted. Of course this should be done before installing Ubuntu.

Hope this helps :)


The group you want to add the user to is admin.


How ro recover lost LUKS partition on external harddisk

If the data is still there, you can look for the LUKS header.

Fire up some hexadecimal editor (in read-only mode !). You better be sure how to use this editor so that not to make any modification.

My recommendation is to use xxd on the command line, like

sudo xxd /dev/sdg|less

and look for LUKS string: in less type '/' then 'LUKS' then 'Enter'

then if you find it, note down (on paper ?), the position of the L in LUKS.
Note that the offset is in hexa. Convert it to decimal.

If you have reach this point you have the start of your LUKS partition, now you need to find the end. You could use the start of sdg2 minus 1.

Then go and use fdisk or sfidsk to recreate the partition only. Don't use parted or gparted that will reformat it!

And you should be good.

Edit:
I made a python3 script to look that for you, if you are not familiar with cli.

Either run

sudo python3 search-for-luks-headers.py -l 16 /dev/sdg

or make a copy of the first MB of /dev/sdg and use the script as a user on the copy.

Note: with either method, you will find the offset of the LUKS partition in bytes. You must translate that in sectors to use it with [s]fdisk. Your disk most probably uses 512 bytes sector (please check this)


How to set sound input to the sound that's coming out of the speakers?

This solution allows you to record what you're hearing, but I don't know how to make it a default setting for anything. The instructions, updated for 11.10:

Install gnome recorder and volume control: sudo apt-get install gnome-media pavucontrol
Start recording: gnome-sound-recorder and click on the record button
Start your audio program
Set record source: pavucontrol and open the Recording tab and pick the monitor interface of your output

It seems that the gnome recorder defaults to that device afterwards, but I don't know if this persists across boots (or is indeed what you wanted).


One solution is to setup local dns server for this.
More about installing and configuration you can find here.

Second solution is to edit /etc/hosts and make records

sudo nano /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   localhost
127.0.1.1   xxx.yyyy.xx xxx

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters

xxx.xxx.xx.x    raspberrypi.local
xxx.xxx.xxx.xx  some_host.local

Only disadvantage of second solution is that you must edit /etc/hosts on all pc on lan.


First on your phone,go into Settings-->Xperia-->connectivity-->Change the USB connection mode to Mass storage mode.
Now connect your phone with Ubuntu pc via data cable.Your sdcard will be mounted and you can see,transfer files.


mms:// Microsoft Media Server (MMS) on Ubuntu

Not sure about an mms://, but here is on streaming media server option under Linux:

MediaTomb
MediaTomb is an open source (GPL) UPnP MediaServer with a nice web user interface, it allows you to stream your digital media through your home network and listen to/watch it on a variety of UPnP compatible devices.
http://mediatomb.cc/

I think you can also pay for Twonky which runs on Linux and MythTV has the ability to stream content as well, but that may be more than what you are looking for.


Set CPU governor to performance in 18.04

sudo apt-get install cpufrequtils
echo 'GOVERNOR="performance"' | sudo tee /etc/default/cpufrequtils
sudo systemctl disable ondemand


LibreOffice: Page number start on 5th page, also remove footer for first 4 pages

I created two page styles.

Then from the context menu I selected paragraph..., Text Flow.

In Breaks I selected assign With Page Style and set page number.


You can set a different default display manager using

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

(or gmd3, kdm, sddm, etc...)

Changing the default manager should work to restore the switcher functions. It seems lightdm does not like to play well with others.


Failure of LAN Driver on Ubuntu 12.10 installed on Toshiba Satelite C850-P5010

Go to http://www.buzzard.me.uk/toshiba/download.html by using another computer and download Thoshiba linux Utilities version 2.0.1 source. Then copy the driver into desktop & extract. Double click on install.sh file or run in terminal. Restart & connect net or try attach a usb modem (Huweai E303 D  / E1762- with idea 3g-INDIA- working) to connect net. Then update the kernel.


Simple answer, Java is not installed by default in any Ubuntu system (in fact this goes against the Java distribution policy, that's why is being included in the non-free repository).

You can check the packages manifest of any version of Ubuntu, and you will notice that it does not include either JDK nor Java.

Precise Pangolin package manifest:

http://releases.ubuntu.com/releases/precise/ubuntu-12.04.3-desktop-i386.manifest

Raring Ringtail package manifest:

http://releases.ubuntu.com/releases/raring/ubuntu-13.04-desktop-i386.manifest

You can search the list up and down, and you will find no reference to Java (please don't confuse with JavaScript, that is different).

(Links are thanks to our friend Oli)

How does LibreOffice run, then?

libreoffice suggest the package java-runtime for some specifics functions but isn't necessary the complete Java Virtual Machine. It also includes their very own packages with Java classes, scripts, and config snippets called libreoffice-java-common, but not all the suite require the packages (only writer and base). Hence, you can use most of LO without even installing Oracle's Java or openJDK.
Do you just mean Oracle Java is not installed? Is OpenJDK also not present?

This was answered above:

  You can check the packages manifest of any version of Ubuntu, and you will notice that it does not include either JDK nor Java.

Are the differences between Oracle Java and OpenJDK from a security perspective are pretty small?

According to Thomas Pornin from Security.SE, yes, the differences are none. Both share lots of code, which made them both vulnerable. There was even a case where Ubuntu was affected by one vulnerability which right now is fixed. (non citatory)

You can read his full answer (along others) here.

Hope this address all inquiries.


Is it possible to read/write software reviews in different languages?

You can logout, choose your own user again, but on the bottom of the screen set another language to use, it will change the prefered language when the Software Center look for revisions, but you may notice that the whole system will use that dictionary and to get back to your default language you will need to logout again and change that language.

Summarising, it's still a lacking feature and logging out and in isn't the most convenient way to read revisions in other languages. Hope they'll include this feature in Oneiric's Software Center!


Why not just use git and only add the .java files to the git repo.  Then have a folder in your U1 shared folder as a remote?

Seems like a really simple solution.


If you have the code below in the text file hello.f90

Program Hello
Print *, "Hello World!"
End Program Hello

To compile the code, start the terminal and type:

gfortran -o hello hello.f90

To run the code, type

./hello

You need to have the compiler installed. If it is not installed type the following in the terminal:

sudo apt-get install gfortran

The hello.f90 file should be created in your home folder, e.g. using

gedit hello.f90&


Landscape autopilot installation problem

No, you shouldn't have to change the networking between the checklist and the configuration pages.

Since you are using VMs, let's try something simple to begin with.

First, make sure your VMs have enough RAM. The bootstrap node, that's the machine with 2 NICs, will need at least 4Gb, maybe 8Gb, since it will host all the administrative services like mysql, rabbit and others. All the rest should have ideally 2Gb or more. I'm being conservative here, since I know these are VMs and you seem to be just testing things out before moving on to a more real deployment. Even 2Gb might not be enough. For a real deployment I would expect all nodes to have at least 16Gb of RAM.

Have only one network, and plug all NICs to it. For the VM that has two NICs, plug both of them to the same network. Like in this image:

You can see that one node has both NICs connected to the same network. Delete all your MAAS nodes and enlist them again in this configuration.

When configuring this network in MAAS, divide it in three pieces:  dynamic range, static range and a range reserved for floating IPs. MAAS only cares about the first two, but leave room for the floating IPs that OpenStack will want later on.

For more details, please see the following Q/A:

How should I setup MAAS so that it can be used by the Canonical OpenStack Autopilot?


Move Ubunutu Bootloader from Windows Disk to Ubuntu Disk

You should first be aware that moving the Ubuntu boot loader is not necessary in your situation, unless there's something about your setup that you haven't described. As any attempt to move the boot loader runs a risk of failure that could render Ubuntu, and conceivably even Windows, unbootable, this is likely to be a case of "if it ain't broke, don't fix it."

That said, if you want to move GRUB (Ubuntu's boot loader), you can do so in a few steps:

Unmount /dev/nvme0n1o2 by typing sudo umount /boot/efi.
Find the serial number ("UUID," although technically it's not a UUID) of the target ESP by typing sudo blkid /dev/sdg1. (This step assumes that the SSD already has a FAT filesystem on it. If not, you'll need to create one with mkdosfs.)
Edit /etc/fstab: Locate the line that defines /boot/efi and edit it so that it refers to /dev/sdg1 rather than /dev/nvme0n1o2. The best way to do this is to change the "UUID" from whatever it is now to the value you obtained from blkid in the previous step.
Type sudo mount -a to mount the new ESP.
Type df /boot/efi to verify that the new ESP is mounted at /boot/efi. (If it's not mounted, df will report information on / or /boot, not /boot/efi.)
Type sudo grub-install. This installs GRUB, but leaves it unconfigured.
Type sudo update-grub. This configures GRUB.

This should be all that's needed, unless I'm forgetting something (which is certainly possible). If it doesn't work, the system will probably continue to boot through the old GRUB, which remains installed, but inactive, on /dev/nvme0n1o2. You can delete the EFI/ubuntu directory from that partition if you want to fully uninstall GRUB from there.


Can Partition images (.img), directly mounted under Linux

If it's a raw partition image like dd then mounting is simple, basically

# mount -t fstype -o loop,ro image.dd /mntpoint

The -t fstype may be optional, it'll be vfat or ext3 or whatever the partition is, sometimes mount can figure it out on it's own so try leaving it out first. And ro means read-only.

If it's a multi-partition disk image that's a little trickier, then use kpartx and it creates mappings for each partition which you then mount.

See http://www.forensicswiki.org/wiki/Mounting_Disk_Images for more info, examples, etc.

But, if you're referring to something like a Das U-Boot bootloader embedded system image, that might need tools like dd and the u-boot-tools package's mkimage to extract the filesystem (if there is one) and then mount it. It's rather involved, see this link for info: http://www.isysop.com/unpacking-and-repacking-u-boot-uimage-files/


Is it possible to add options to the right click menu in gedit?

Gedit works with plugins. There are 2 that probably do what you want. One is called "Embedded Terminal" and the other "External tools" but both are not part of the default installed plugins. You can add more with

sudo apt-get install gedit-plugins

And then select these options in then plugins section:

"external tools", control, alt, T will open a terminal:

"Embedded terminal" will add a permanent console to the bottom of gedit. You also might need to turn on "bottom panel" from "views":

And there it is.


Errors running make on wifi kernel module

The most recent version has been modified to correctly compile on kernel version 3.14; you are using 3.8.0-36. It is necessary to get an earlier version of the package. Please open a terminal and try:

cd rtl8723be
make clean
git checkout 604aa9058fb9e5bb1cf571c99989d081f8fc8b9
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe rtl8723be

I believe it will make without errors but with, perhaps, a few warnings.


Create a desktop icon to invoke text editor for a specified file

Create a new file and name it for example gedit-note.desktop in your desktop folder, then write the following inside

[Desktop Entry]
Name=gedit-notes
GenericName=Text Editor
Comment=Edit text files
Exec=gedit %U /home/mini/Dropbox/Public/notes.txt
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
MimeType=text/plain;
Icon=accessories-text-editor
Categories=GNOME;GTK;Utility;TextEditor;

This should open gedit with your specific file


Samba used to work until I switched to wifi

Check your wireless router configuration.  Sometimes, they have a setting called 'Wireless Isolation' or 'AP Isolation' mode (under advanced wireless settings).  This setting limits what wireless clients can see to just the AP.  I know I've seen it in SonicWall and Asus products.

Also, make sure that your your media player is not on a Guest network (same reason as above).

Also, please make sure your wifi (server and clients) are configured for the correct region.  I had an issue where my router was set to central Europe frequencies, but my clients were set to North America.  (Tomato firmware by Shibby - it rocked).  The wifi almost worked; I could see other shares and browse the Internet - sometimes - but streaming and file copying never worked.

In your Samba conf file, I notice that you said your network is a 192.168.1.0/15 - that's a big block.  Let me break out the CIDR calculator...
Mmm, bad news, that's an invalid block...  Best I can figure, that's 192.168.0.0/15, or 192.168.0.0 to 192.169.255.255. Your private block is bleeding over into the public Internet. You should not use lower than a /16 for the 192.168.0.0/16 private block.  The Class B private range is 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255.  FWIW, most consumer stuff is hard coded not to recognize anything other than a Class C network (/24), so keep that in mind when configuring your network.

Now, set that subnet back down to a more reasonable /24, so 192.168.1.0/24 (that's the 255.255.255.0 subnet), and maybe Samba will play nice again.  Whatever it is set to, make the rest of the network configuration needs to match that.


Can the same partition be used for both plain text swap and encrypted swap?

See the attached link as I think it might be a solution that you are looking for.

EncryptedFilesystemHowto3


I use ubuntu with lubuntu-desktop, do I dare upgrade ubuntu?

Since you only installed Lubuntu-desktop on top of Ubuntu, it is still there with all of its applications.  Unless you uninstall it, it will always be there.  You must do something because Lubuntu 12.04 has reached its End of Life and is no longer supported.  By upgrading you will get Ubuntu 14.04 with all of its applications as well as Lubuntu 14.04.  If that is not what you want you should do a fresh install of Lubuntu 14.04.  Before you do either, you should back up all your data because you never know what can happen and if there is something that you do not want to lose, it could happen.  Though there have probably been tens of thousands of successful distribution upgrades, I am 0 for 3 and I did back up my data so I didn't lose a thing.


Canon Pixma iP7250 - how to install and print with wifi?

The key is knowing the printer's IP address. Here are instructions to find it: http://www.canon.co.uk/support/consumer_products/pixma_printer_wireless_connection_setup/ip7250_printer_wireless_connection_setup/

If your router allows DHCP reservations, it is helpful to reserve the address you found for the printer so that the address will not change.

Now open System Settings > Printer. Select  Add. Select Network Printer and see if the printer is found. If not, enter its URI:

ipp://192.168.0.4:631/lpr/

Substitute the IP address you found for 192.168.0.4 above. 631 is the port used by the CUPS printing system. Press Forward and select the driver and save. We know that your Ubuntu version has the correct driver since the printer works when directly connected. Save, close and print a test page.


How to change which graphics card a program uses?

install a proprietary driver

Since you are gaming this is the first thing you should do. You need to enable non-free sources so:

Open Ubuntu Software Center
go to Edit -> Software Sources
Enable the "Proprietary drivers for devices (restricted)" option.
Close the Software center
run sudo apt-get update to make sure things are up to date
go to your systems settings -> additional drivers
select the newest (usually recommended) proprietary driver, this will not be Nouveau
After the install is finished, reboot and continue.

Solutions To Use Your New Driver:

Check your BIOS

Check for an option to disable Intel Integrated Graphics, with integrated graphics disabled your system will default to the Nvidia card, but if you want to switch between Nvidia and Intel without rebooting every time, or your BIOS doesn't have the setting, these other solutions may work for you.

bumblebee

After installing using sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia primus linux-headers-generic and rebooting, you simply need to put optirun or primusrun in front of any command you want to optimize using the GPU. In the case of steam you need to right click the game in your library and select properties->set launch options and set the command to

optirun %command%

(substituting optirun for primusrun also works, you may test both to see if there is a performance difference for your system)

nvidia-prime

This is supposed to be included with the newer driver packages, but if it is not, you should be able to install it with sudo apt-get install nvidia-prime after installing and rebooting you will be able to manually select the card to use from the nvidia-settings menu. In order to switch from one to the other you will need to log out and back in.

Please Note:

If you install one of these, uninstall it BEFORE installing the other or you will be met with a black screen on boot up. Should this happen to you just Ctrl+Alt+F1 into a terminal and uninstall it manually, if you have your GUI working but get stuck in this terminal the GUI is usually reached by Ctrl+Alt+F7 (If not, just Ctrl+Alt+F around until you find it)


How do I start dhcp3-server automatically on startup?

If andrewsomething is right you may want to check if the service is added to the
system bootup run this

sudo update-rc.d dhcp3-server defaults


How to bind a key such that it toggles between one particular application and the current application?

Toggling between two applications can be done, as you know, with Alt+Tab. But it's designed go through all of the open windows by Z-order; so every time a third application is activated, the Z-order changes and it's usually annoying to get the two apps you're mainly interested back in sync for switching.
I read your requirement to be that you have a main application Chromium and a secondary application, let's go with gnome-calculator, that you switch to frequently and would like a foolproof toggle between them using a single keybinding.
You can, however, create this behavior with a script and a custom keybinding. To create the script, I wanted something simple (for me) to understand and that could be easily modified without compiling; so I used python.
#!/usr/bin/python
import gtk
import re
import sys
import time
import wnck

#windows are found through the titlebar, not the app name
#edit the titles to change the apps
titlePrimaryApp = re.compile(".*Chromium*")
titleSecondaryApp = re.compile("Calculator")

screen = wnck.screen_get_default()

#needed for the code that gets the windows list to work
while gtk.events_pending():
  gtk.main_iteration()

active_window = screen.get_active_window()
open_windows = screen.get_windows()

#if the primary app is already activated, find the secondary app, and activate it
if titlePrimaryApp.match(active_window.get_name()):
  for w in open_windows:
    if titleSecondaryApp.match(w.get_name()):
      w.activate(int(time.time()))

#otherwise, activate the primary app
else:
  for w in open_windows:
    if titlePrimaryApp.match(w.get_name()):
      w.activate(int(time.time()))

To use this script:

Save it in a file such as myswitcher.py. A good place for it is /home/<user>/bin.

Make it executable: chmod +x myswitcher.py

You will need: sudo apt-get install python-wnck. This is the library that works with Gtk windows. It is not installed by default.

Link the script to a keybinding.
The easiest way to do this is to create a custom shortcut in System Settings >> Keyboard >> Shortcuts >> Custom Shortcuts.

After highlighting Custom Shortcuts in the list on the left, click the plus sign to add a shortcut.

In the popup window, choose a name for the shortcut and enter the command /path/to/myswitcher.py.

The new shortcut will be added to the list of shortcuts in the window. To the right of the name will be the word disabled. Set the keybinding by clicking the word disabled, then typing the key combination that you want.

Make sure you choose a keybinding that doesn't conflict with other programs. Those bindings are set at a lower level and will preempt the script. I chose Ctrl+ \  (backslash) since it is not used by anything else and is more or less the mirror image of Alt+Tab (at least on my keyboard layout).

You need to log out and log back in before the custom keybinding will work.

Credit for help with the script:
I had most of the script logic worked out before looking around for examples (and there's no shortage of wnck examples out there); but I need to credit this answer on StackOverflow that solved some problems I was having with the regular expressions usage, the syntax for passing in the gtk timestamp, and most importantly providing the key lines about the Gtk events. Without those 2 lines, get_windows returns an empty list.


Cant Connect to Internet with Ubuntu 12.10

The drivers for AR8161 are not included in the Kernel yet, you have to install the drivers manually.

First check that the controller is unclaimed:

sudo lshw -C network

You should see something like:

  *-network UNCLAIMED
       description: Ethernet interface
       product: AR8161 Gigabit Ethernet
       vendor: Atheros Communications Inc.

To install the drivers for the AR8161 just execute:

sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-generic linux-headers-`uname -r`
wget -O- http://linuxwireless.org/download/compat-wireless-2.6/compat-wireless-2012-07-03-pc.tar.bz2 | tar -xj
cd compat-wireless-2012-07-03-pc
./scripts/driver-select alx
make
sudo make install


How to set pressure sensitivity in GIMP to control line thickness?

Make sure you have checked Pressure: Size in the Brush Dynamics section of the Toolbox:

If this still doesn't work, you probably haven't enabled the tablet. To do so, go to:

Edit → Preferences
Input Devices → Configure Extended Input Devices
Choose your device and set it to Screen mode
Save, close, and try again.


Wifi problem with Ubuntu 14.04 and RTL8723ae

I've experienced much better performance with this network card following the advice from this user:
https://zach-adams.com/2014/06/fixing-rtl8723ae-driver-ubuntu-linux/
In short, two stages:

Try installing the linux-firmware-nonfree drivers with this command:
sudo apt-get install linux-firmware-nonfree

Try installing the WICD network manager. For instructions for your version of Ubuntu, see https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WICD


The System Running In Low Graphics Mode’ Error. Guides will help

You install a wrong driver for this card. Run

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo apt-get install nvidia-346


According to this, it's automatic.

  Usually generic implementations of an algorithm have a priority of 100, assembly optimized 200 and hardware support 300. The API takes the algorithm with the highest priority if there is more than one available.

It'll just use aes-asm because it has a higher priority.


Netplan - configuring 2 vlan on same bonding

Here is the solution :

network:
    version: 2
    renderer: networkd
    ethernets:
        enp61s0f0:
          match:
            macaddress: a0:42:3f:3a:f7:76
          set-name: enp61s0f0
          mtu: 9000
        enp61s0f1:
          match:
            macaddress: a0:42:3f:3a:f7:77
          set-name: enp61s0f1
          mtu: 9000
    bonds:
        bond0:
          mtu: 9000
          dhcp4: false
          dhcp6: false
          interfaces: [ enp61s0f0, enp61s0f1 ]
          parameters:
            mode: balance-xor
            mii-monitor-interval: 100
    vlans:
        bond0.170:
          id: 170
          link: bond0
          addresses : [192.168.170.190/24]
          gateway4: 192.168.170.1
          nameservers:
            search: [network.lan]
            addresses: [192.168.170.100, 192.168.170.101]
          mtu: 9000
        bond0.186:
          id: 186
          link: bond0
          addresses: [192.168.186.225/24]
          mtu: 9000

The MTU settings on every interfaces and vlans seems to be important, moreover it requires to specify mac address for the interfaces.

If you need to set a different MTU on your vlans, you must set the higher under "bond0" like it is above and then change the one you want under vlan section to 1500 for example.

Ludwig


Apt-get update not working in Ubuntu 16.04 "temporary failure resolving"

I had the same issue. The heart of the problem was an inability to resolve DNS. I was missing my /etc/resolv.conf file.
The contents of it should be:
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

Afterwards, restart the correct interface (mine was lo instead of eth0).  You can find it in the /etc/network/interfaces file.


"Device herring not found on server" when installing Ubuntu Touch

Nexus S is not an officially supported phone, see Ubuntu Touch Devices. There are some test images released by a third party, but they have been discontinued and are unsupported.


While installing on multiple pcs, ubuntu freezes on some pcs

Try running a memtest on the failing laptops - it can be invoked from the Ubuntu installation CD if you hold down shift as it boots up. It's likely to be a failing RAM more than anything, if the laptops are identical.


How can I view the contents of "/var/www" in browser, like 'wamp' in windows OS?

You can usually do this calling it via "localhost" (http://localhost) in a web browser.

In a File Browser you can gain access to these files by opening the folders with a file browser with elevated privileges. (for read/write access) Try Alt+F2 and gksudo nautilus, then hit Ctrl+L and write /var/www and hit Enter in order to be directed to the folder.

After reading your comment I edited this answer.

I can't say a suggestion for such a tool like a full featured GUI for all these requirements but you can install services like:

phpMyAdmin

eXtplorer

(third party)

And a few other in order to manage these tasks.

For the case of Apache version you simply run a phpinfo.php file with the next code inside:

<?php

// Show all information, defaults to INFO_ALL
phpinfo();

?>

This file is suggested to be at the very root of the /var/www and can be invoked by dropping http://locahost/phpinfo.php in your web browser.

The /var/www is simply the canvas. You can fill it with whatever tools you wish, including your website itself but for productivity  you may wish to include a few additional non-public services like those I have mentioned over here.

Good luck!


How can I disable automatic screen dimming when the wireless mouse has low battery?

Read your current value :

gsettings get org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-dim
gsettings get org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-brightness

Then try :

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-dim false

Or if this do not work, try different values for org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-brightness

org.gnome.desktop.session idle-delay is just the delay before the screensaver activates !

I guess the system see your mouse battery as a laptop battery.
Udev handles peripherals and power supplies, so it is the first suspect.
Sorry I cannot give you a clear solution right now, we have to find a clue of what is wrong first.
Post these details, I hope it will help :

What is the content of /sys/class/power_supply/ when the mouse is plugged and when it is not ?
Run sudo udevadm monitor -p.
This will monitor events, so you need to plug the mouse after.
Check if the output is the same when the battery is high or low.
Run sudo journalctl --since=-2m just after plugging the mouse.
Likewise, check if the output is the same when the battery is high or low.


Save the password in a file with highly restricted permissions in a restricted folder that only you can access. Cat the file out and pipe the output to sudo -S instead of plain sudo.

cat <folder>/file.secret | sudo -S mount -t cifs -o user=user.name //192.168.1.21/BAfolder  /media

store the password in a shell variable export password=X and then echo it

echo $password' | sudo -S mount -t cifs -o user=user.name //192.168.1.21/BAfolder /media


How do I install and configure Btrfs for desktop use on two mirrored drives?

You can use partitioning or not while using btrfs.

With partitioning first create partition tables and partitions on both disks. Lets say /dev/sdb1 and /dev/sdc1.

Then create btrfs filesystem by running

sudo mkfs.btrfs -m raid1 -d raid1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1

You are done.

Note: The previous command creates a btrfs filesystem on specified partitions. You don't need to "format" it neither before nor after running this command. mkfs.btrfs is fully sufficient to create a filesystem.

Now you can mount this raid to any directory you like by

sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mount_directory

You can mount either of disks with the same result: the raid will be mounted.

You can mount it permanently in /etc/fstab. If you don't set specific options there, like compression, they won't be used.

Alternatively you don't have to create partitions and can directly create raid on devices by:

sudo mkfs.btrfs -m raid1 -d raid1 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc

There is no much difference between both methods, but I prefer to have partitions traditionally.

I am not aware of any settings that will "reduce the consumption of system resources". The kernel module doesn't consume much by itself. If you don't need any features like deduplication or compression simply don't use them.

But take in account that lzo compression in most cases speeds up the disks and also increase storage space, because decompression is faster than reading from disk.

Answering detailed questions:

btrfs-tools is installed by default and nothing else is needed to manage btrfs filesystem.
There is no much difference if you plan to use your disks only for the raid. It doesn't affect performance in any way. But if you create partition tables on disks, you'll be able to shrink your btrfs raid partition one one or both disks and create some other filesystem(s) on part of the disk(s). It adds a bit of flexibility for the future. You can shrink btrfs partitions even when a disk is in use.
I am not aware of any available for a user settings regarding L2 cache usage. You can do a manual or automatic defragmentation. There is autodefrag mount option available for automatic defragmentation. I didn't notice much RAM usage with autodefrag, but that's need testing if RAM is a real problem.
You can mount your raid with compress=lzo option. If you do it on an empty raid, all files will be compressed. You can also enable compression later, but in that case already existing data won't be automatically compressed, only new data will. But you can always do a defragmentation of the existing data with -clzo option. That will compress the existing data.

I always use lzo because it adds some performance for HDDs, saves some read/write cycles for SSDs and gives extra space for both.

Example of fstab entry with autodefrag and lzo:

UUID=xxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxx /mount_point btrfs compress=lzo,autodefrag 0 0

UUID can be taken from sudo blkid or gparted.

This way you compress the filesystem with lzo:

sudo btrfs fi defrag -r -v -clzo /mount_point


Trying to install Ubuntu 14.04 on non-UEFI computer

I have just got Ubuntu working on my computer. Try creating the live USB using UNetBootIn
to create the LiveUSB as suggested here on Ubuntu Forums.

That worked for me.


Blank screen after Ubuntu logo appears when booting wubi

You can safely uninstall through the Control Panel. Go to Add/remove programs, find the Ubuntu  entry and double click it.

The amd64 refers to the standard, not the chip manufacturer. It works fine on an intel 64 bit CPU.

Most likely you are having problems with the intel GPU. There are some bug reports on blank screens at startup e.g. here. If you want to try and solve it please update your question with your computer brand/model/graphics card(s).


For those who don't know (I didn't either): spd-say reads a given text aloud (e.g. if you cannot read yourself or like listening instead of reading).

Your script looks fine but you have fallen in a trap:

spd-say doesn't wait until it has spoken the given text. Instead, the command (almost) immediately returns and keeps talking in the background. If you run it a second time without waiting for the first talking to complete (like in your script), then it will simply talk over the first part. To prevent this, use the -w (or --wait) switch. Then spd-say will return only once it has completed talking. See the man page for further switches.

So instead of

spd-say " Sorry, we don't have water, choose something else."

use

spd-say --wait " Sorry, we don't have water, choose something else."


This problem relates to GRUB2 sometimes confusing the partition numbering system, for example, by specifying set root=’(hd0,1)’ for Vista when this OS is actually located on  the second partition (hd0,2) of the disk.  See: http://linuxnorth.wordpress.com/2011/01/02/installation-of-ubuntu-10-04/

It can be fixed by modifying the GRUB2 menu to point the Windows' entries to the correct disk partitions.  Note that the file grub.cfg has to be edited indirectly.  See:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2#Custom%20Menu%20Entries


How do I know if my Google Talk conversations in Empathy is encrypted?

Technically since you'll never be able to be sure about what's happening on the other side, meaning what software/hardware or whatever is used, let alone the chance of malware being around on yours or theirs computer, you can't be 100% sure that the conversation is encrypted and/or that the connection is not interfered with.

On the other hand if you use reasonably safe software like Ubuntu you may assume that there might be a certain degree of trust.

As always it's up to you what you trust and what you don't trust and if possible issues are worth worrying about.


Use this command:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libc6-i386
sudo apt-get update

to run on x86


How to uninstall Eset NOD32 Antivirus 4 from 16.04?

Usually Eset nod32 installs an uninstaller automatically. Simply search for eset in the typical "search your computer" bar and it should point you the uninstaller. Run it and voila!


Graphics card supports up to OpenGL 4.4, but Saints Row 4 (requires OpenGL 4.1) doesn't work with it

Generally you should use the drivers from the official Ubuntu repositories.
Because you have a very powerful card - the latest drivers might be better.
Install the latest official stable NVIDIA drivers for the GEFORCE GTX 750 Ti.

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 - enter user name and password.

Execute the following commands :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-358
sudo reboot

In case you already had NVIDIA drivers installed ... remove them before.

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot


Rebind keys depending on the program with focus

Solution using xdotool

I don't think there's any DE that has an inbuilt option for this, but with the help of xdotool we can write a custom script that should do the trick:

#!/bin/bash

# 'f6f7swap.sh' by Glutanimate
#
# Reassign F6 to F7 if specific application has focus
# Dependencies: xdotool x11-utils
#
# Usage:    f6f7swap.sh '<full window class>'
# Example:  f6f7swap.sh '"gnome-terminal", "Gnome-terminal"'

# --Variables--

WinClass="$1"

# --Main--

# get currently active window ID
ActiveWinID="$(xdotool getactivewindow)"
# get window class of active window
ActiveWmClass="$(xprop -id "$ActiveWinID" \
  | grep "WM_CLASS" \
  | awk -F' = ' '{print $2}' )"

# Compare with provided window class
if [[ "$ActiveWmClass" = "$WinClass" ]]; then
  echo "Target window found. Sending 'F7'"
  xdotool key F7
else
  echo "Target window not found. Sending 'F6'"
  xdotool key F6
fi

Instructions

Make sure you have xdotool and xprop installed (sudo apt-get install xdotool x11-utils)
Save this script as f6f7swap.sh and make it executable
Determine the window class of your target window/application by running xprop | grep WM_CLASS and clicking on a sample window
Run f6f7swap.sh with the full window class as an argument, e.g.:

f6f7swap.sh '"gnome-terminal", "Gnome-terminal"'

f6f7swap.sh will try to match the active window with the provided window class. If they match the script will send 'F7'; if not it will send'F6'.
Bind the full command (e.g. f6f7swap.sh '"gnome-terminal", "Gnome-terminal"') to F6 in your keyboard preferences

Updated script

The following is a more generic version of the script that allows swapping out any key of your choice:

#!/bin/bash

# 'keyswap.sh' by Glutanimate
#
# Reassign keys if specific application has focus
# Dependencies: xdotool
#
# Usage:    keyswap.sh '<full window class>' '<input key>' '<output key>'
# Example:  keyswap.sh '"gnome-terminal", "Gnome-terminal"' 'F6' 'F7'

# --Variables and Checks--

Usage="Usage: keyswap.sh '<full window class>' '<input key>' '<output key>'"

if [[ "$#" != "3" ]]; then
  echo "Error: Insufficient arguments"
  echo "$Usage"
  exit 1
fi

WinClass="$1"
OrigKey="$2"
ReplKey="$3"

# --Main--

# get currently active window ID
ActiveWinID="$(xdotool getactivewindow)"
# get window class of active window
ActiveWmClass="$(xprop -id "$ActiveWinID" \
  | grep "WM_CLASS" \
  | awk -F' = ' '{print $2}' )"

# Compare with provided window class
if [[ "$ActiveWmClass" = "$WinClass" ]]; then
  echo "Target window found. Sending $ReplKey"
  xdotool key "$ReplKey"
else
  echo "Target window not found. Sending $OrigKey"
  xdotool key "$OrigKey"
fi

Invoke it with:

keyswap.sh '<full window class>' '<input key>' '<output key>'

E.g.:

keyswap.sh '"gnome-terminal", "Gnome-terminal"' 'F6' 'F7'


Screen doesn't reactivate on acer aspire v5-123

this is an identical issue with a different acer laptop i would recommend also watching the answers to this thread.

or you can change this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

or this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor"

in the file /etc/default/grub, then:

sudo update-grub

now you can adjust the brightness with hotkeys; still can't turn on the screen yet.


In order to build python3.4.2 from source with the _tkinter module you need to install the following build dependency:

sudo apt-get install tk8.6-dev

Then all you have to do is running make again to add _tkinter support as the setup.py file will automatically detect the tk/tcl headers and create the module:

~/Downloads/Python-3.4.2$ make
running build
running build_ext
building '_tkinter' extension
gcc -pthread -fPIC -Wno-unused-result -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Werror=declaration-after-statement -DWITH_APPINIT=1 -I/usr/include/tcl8.6 -I/usr/X11/include -I./Include -I. -IInclude -I/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu -I/usr/local/include -I/home/sylvain/Downloads/Python-3.4.2/Include -I/home/sylvain/Downloads/Python-3.4.2 -c /home/sylvain/Downloads/Python-3.4.2/Modules/_tkinter.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.4/home/sylvain/Downloads/Python-3.4.2/Modules/_tkinter.o
gcc -pthread -fPIC -Wno-unused-result -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Werror=declaration-after-statement -DWITH_APPINIT=1 -I/usr/include/tcl8.6 -I/usr/X11/include -I./Include -I. -IInclude -I/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu -I/usr/local/include -I/home/sylvain/Downloads/Python-3.4.2/Include -I/home/sylvain/Downloads/Python-3.4.2 -c /home/sylvain/Downloads/Python-3.4.2/Modules/tkappinit.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.4/home/sylvain/Downloads/Python-3.4.2/Modules/tkappinit.o
gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.4/home/sylvain/Downloads/Python-3.4.2/Modules/_tkinter.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.4/home/sylvain/Downloads/Python-3.4.2/Modules/tkappinit.o -L/usr/X11/lib -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -L/usr/local/lib -ltk8.6 -ltcl8.6 -lX11 -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/_tkinter.cpython-34m.so

Python build finished successfully!
The necessary bits to build these optional modules were not found:
_bz2                  _dbm                  _gdbm
_lzma                 _sqlite3
To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.
[...]

Now you can import tkinter in python3.4.2:

~/Downloads/Python-3.4.2$ ./python
Python 3.4.2 (default, Oct 30 2014, 11:34:17)
[GCC 4.8.2] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import tkinter
>>>

Original answer:

Unless you really need python3.4.2, I would just use the default python3 version on 14.04 (3.4.0)

Then all you have to do is installaling the following packages:

sudo apt-get install python3-tk tk

And start the python interpreter this way:

/usr/bin/python3

Otherwise you'll always get the version that you installed in /usr/local (3.4.2).

Importing tk in python3 should work now:

$ python3
Python 3.4.0 (default, Apr 11 2014, 13:05:11)
[GCC 4.8.2] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import tkinter
>>>


How to get 12.04 native theme after upgrade from 10.04 with /home unformated

Go to System Settings > Appearance and change the Theme. Simple.

Screenshot:

(source: nuigalway.ie)


How can I connect my PC connected to WiFi on wlan0 to my oscilloscope on eth0?

As your WiFi is using a public addressing scheme, the 192.168.1.0/24 address scheme can be used to connect your PC to the oscilloscope directly.

So the PC's address should be set to 192.168.1.2 and the oscilloscope's to 192.168.1.3.  The "default gateway" (254) is a reserved address by TCP/IP as is the "broadcast address" (255).  For everything you always wanted to know about TCP/IP but were afraid to ask, read this book.

Extra credit: If the link lights on the Ethernet ports do not turn on after the cable is inserted on both ends, you have to buy an Ethernet cross cable as not all computer's Ethernet ports can connect directly using just any Ethernet cable.


The problem is solved with autofs version 5.1.1.

$ wget http://fr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/a/autofs/autofs_5.1.1-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i autofs_5.1.1-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb


How To Fix Error -Werror=date-time/macro “__DATE__” might prevent reproducible builds

Edit your source code Makefile and add this near the top of the file (if you look closely, this line may already be there, but just commented out):

EXTRA_CFLAGS += -Wno-error=date-time

Then do your normal ./configure (if required) and make and sudo make install.

Update #1:

If the source code that you're using is from http://www.realtek.com/downloads/downloadsView.aspx?Langid=1&PNid=24&PFid=24&Level=4&Conn=3&DownTypeID=3&GetDown=false then they're only for kernels 2.x and 3.x, and as such, won't compile on current versions of Ubuntu.


How to resolve error to get SSL certificate using Letsencrypt certbot?

The problem turned out to be a faulty AAAA record.

the base domain tleis.nl had both an A and AAAA record. The AAAA record was pointing to a wrong ip v.6 address.

'*.tleis.nl' had only an A record.

Apparently letsencrypt was checking all the available records.


Are there alternatives after the official support time stops?

I don't imagine you will find a repository that continues supplying security updates after a release has reached its "end of life." It's just too much work for something that has no future.

That said, even after the official repository has been discontinued, you can still access the old repo for the purpose of installing new programs, ect... Also, this can be important for when you find time to do the upgrade as you should make sure that all of your packages have been correctly updated to the release’s final versions before doing the upgrade. I'm not sure, but the do-release-upgrade script might very well choke if it can not find the repository for the release that you are upgrading from.

After "end of life," the repositories are mirrored at old-releases.ubuntu.com. So you should change your your sources.list to look for:

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse


Running command on remote database (oracle) from local server using sqlplus

try this in the below example i am calling test_procedure.

sqlplus "username/password@tns_name" <<\!

exec test_procedure();

!


How to disable Ubuntu's auto-volume adjuster?

I think the Sound Settings application itself is what's doing the dynamic gain adjustment. I've found if I just open it, set the volume gain to 100%, and then close it before it has a change to adjust, my application runs fine. It's only a problem when I leave Sound Settings open that it screws up the gain.


speaker volume always at zero in alsamixer in terminal

There seem to be some problem in the interaction of Alsa and PulseAudio. So usually there are two options to work around:

Deinstall PulseAudio: If you deinstall PulseAudio you will have normal working sound at every startup. However most user find PulseAudio very convenient. So this might not what you want.
Change Audio Settings: Open gnome-volume-control (Alt+F2 and enter gnome-volume-control or System -> Preferences -> Sound). Look at the tab Hardware and check if the correct soundcard is configured. Below is a menu called Profile. Try different profiles and see if they work. It is hard to say what is the correct option for you. A forum post suggested "Analog Surround 5.1", but it depends from your soundcard. If you chosse the correct version, sound settings are the same on each reboot.


http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/search/01/search/searchModule

Here are the drivers from Epson. Enter L360 for model. and select Linux in the OS dropdown menu.


Run a shell script as another user that has no password

You can do that with su or sudo, no need for both.

sudo -H -u otheruser bash -c 'echo "I am $USER, with uid $UID"'

The relevant parts of man sudo:

-H   The -H (HOME) option requests that the security policy set
     the HOME environment variable to the home directory of the
     target user (root by default) as specified by the password
     database.  Depending on the policy, this may be the default
     behavior.

-u user     The -u (user) option causes sudo to run the specified
      command as a user other than root.  To specify a uid
      instead of a user name, use #uid.  When running commands as
      a uid, many shells require that the '#' be escaped with a
      backslash ('\').  Security policies may restrict uids to
      those listed in the password database.  The sudoers policy
      allows uids that are not in the password database as long
      as the targetpw option is not set.  Other security policies
      may not support this.

su can only switch user without providing a password if you are root. See Caleb's answer

You can modify the /etc/pam.d/su file to allow su without password. See this answer.

If you modified your auth file to the following, any user that was part of group somegroup could su to otheruser without a password.

auth       sufficient pam_rootok.so
auth       [success=ignore default=1] pam_succeed_if.so user = otheruser
auth       sufficient   pam_succeed_if.so use_uid user ingroup somegroup

Then test from terminal

rubo77@local$ su otheruser -c 'echo "hello from $USER"'
hello from otheruser


Is my AMD radeon graphics card supported by Ubuntu 16.04 driver?

Theoretically, your GPUs should work "out of the box" under Ubuntu 16.04, which should automatically be using the radeon driver for the HD 6400M. Unfortunately, since the HD 6400M predates the GCN architecture, you will be unable to use the newer and faster amdgpu driver.

To switch to the dGPU, you can follow the instructions on the Arch wiki: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PRIME#PRIME_GPU_offloading

So you would put something like the following in your .xprofile:

xrandr --setprovideroffloadsink radeon Intel

and then to run something with the dGPU, you would prepend the command with DRI_PRIME=1. For example:

DRI_PRIME=1 glxgears

(I believe it's possible to create a .desktop file that does this for specific applications, if you prefer a more graphical interface)


What is the minimal set of packages required to transform a LaTeX file to a PDF?

Start with texlive-latex-base. If TeX complains about missing files use "Search the contents of packages" at https://packages.ubuntu.com/ to find the package that provides it.


"'version' has bad syntax" error when attemping update-initramfs with -k version

According to man update-initramfs, you should put a specific kernel version for -k
Instead of the "version" string itself.

For example, if you want to use your current kernel, it would be:

sudo update-initramfs -u -k `uname -r`

Since uname -r could print you the kernel version, it's equivlant to:

sudo update-initramfs -u -k 3.13.0-32-generic

Cheers


I finally managed to have dropbox to start at boot.
I discovered that ubuntu 16.04 uses systemd, so I wrote a unit configuration file for dropbox:

fmf@kodi:~$ cat /etc/systemd/system/dropbox.service
[Unit]
Description=Dropbox Service
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/bin/sh -c '/usr/local/bin/dropbox start'
ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/local/bin/dropbox stop'
PIDFile=${HOME}/.dropbox/dropbox.pid
User=fmf
Group=fmf
Type=forking
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
StartLimitInterval=60s
StartLimitBurst=3

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
fmf@kodi:~$

Then I made a link to the official python script to control dropbox:

fmf@kodi:~$ sudo ln -sf /home/fmf/dropbox.py /usr/local/bin/dropbox

And enabled the service:

fmf@kodi:~$ sudo systemctl enable dropbox.service

After a reboot dropbox is running as expected.


To find out how report a bug read Reporting Bugs. Follow the process described under Reporting non-crash hardware and desktop application bugs. You will need a Launchpad account.


Disabling Bluetooth and IVP6 in Lubuntu 14.04 does not work

You should be able to use sysctl configuration to disable IPv6.   I don't have bluetooth configured, but there may be parameters for it as well.  Try sysctl -a to get a list of parameters.

This is the contents of my /etc/sysctl.d/80-disable-ipv6.conf. I have IPv6 enabled, so the settinges are commented out.

# 80-disable-ipv6.conf

#net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 0
#net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 0
#net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 0
#net.ipv6.conf.eth0.disable_ipv6 = 0

#net.ipv6.conf.default.use_tempaddr = 0
#net.ipv6.conf.all.use_tempaddr = 0
#net.ipv6.conf.lo.use_tempaddr = -1

# EOF


rt.jar is corrupt.

Remove the possibly-corrupt Java installer:

sudo rm /var/cache/oracle-jdk8-installer/*.tar.gz

Then reinstall:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall oracle-java8-installer


Wallpaper is broken and mouse pointer is inconsistant

Make sure u have logged out and then log back in, that should fix the pointer theme not changing, if it still persists install lxappearance, sudo apt-get install lxappearance and change the mouse cursor theme from there.


Simply restart apache

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart


Keyboard backlight not working Clevo P170SM

Have you tried Fn + Keypad /? That shortcut should solve the problem.


Trouble installing driver for wi-fi adapter

https://askubuntu.com/a/674122

Connect to internet by wire, then run in terminal

sudo apt-get install git build-essential
git clone https://github.com/Myria-de/mt7610u_wifi_sta_v3002_dpo_20130916.git
cd mt7610u_wifi_sta_v3002_dpo_20130916
make
sudo make install
sudo cp RT2870STA.dat  /etc/Wireless/RT2870STA/RT2870STA.dat

Reboot.

The dongle should work. The only problem is that you will have to re-install it after each kernel upgrade.

But if you keep the driver folder mt7610u_wifi_sta_v3002_dpo_20130916, then it will be quite easy.

You will need to run only

cd mt7610u_wifi_sta_v3002_dpo_20130916
make
sudo make install

after a kernel upgrade.

It is also possible to install it using DKMS. In this case it will rebuild automatically on kernel upgrades.


Fresh Install Ubuntu 14.04 Server Slow Boot due to failure to connect 169.254.169.254

You must be running the cloud version of Ubuntu server. cloud-init is attempting to contact 169.254.169.254, a link-local IP address that cloud providers listen on to provide metadata about the VM being initialized.

You can prevent cloud-init from querying any remote servers by setting the datasources_list setting to None.

In practice, this means changing the file /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/90_dpkg.cfg from:

# to update this file, run dpkg-reconfigure cloud-init
datasource_list: [ NoCloud, ConfigDrive, OpenNebula, Azure, AltCloud, OVF, MAAS, GCE, OpenStack, CloudSigma, Ec2, CloudStack, None ]

to:

# to update this file, run dpkg-reconfigure cloud-init
datasource_list: [ None ]

If possible, you'll want to run dpkg-reconfigure cloud-init to make the change.


You want the fbi if I understand you correctly, it will display an image using the frame buffer for the console to display thus onto a cli screen displayed on the TV. You would connect to the laptop at the TV via a ssh connection to be able to control it remotely.


Using OpenvSwitch with DPDK in Ubuntu 16.04

TL;DR:

look at syslog and ovs-log when starting OpenvSwitch with dpdk what goes wrong on dpdk & port initialization.

Detail:

your setup looks good so far compared to what I usually see. Given what you reported the most likely issue is right where the last error message points you to "See ovs-vswitchd log for details." or in the Syslog where most of the EAL messages go.

At the time you add the port you likely just see that it can't find it.
What will be more interesting for you is the log around the time when you (re-)start openvswitch.
There you should see it discovering and initializing the ports dpdk0 and dpdk1 - or if not, what errors are associated.

As a reference I uploaded my log, split into three columns for command, ovs-log and syslog. I'd expect that something around my line 54 is not working right in your case.

should be something like this:

ovs-ctl[3560]: EAL: PCI device 0000:04:00.1 on NUMA socket 0
ovs-ctl[3560]: EAL:   probe driver: 8086:1528 rte_ixgbe_pmd
ovs-ctl[3560]: EAL:   PCI memory mapped at 0x7f2140000000
ovs-ctl[3560]: EAL:   PCI memory mapped at 0x7f2140200000

Note: there is also this Ubuntu guide to help you https://help.ubuntu.com/16.04/serverguide/DPDK.html.


Rant:

I would suggest you convert FLAC files to MP3 instead making AudioCD. Why?

You can't possibly notice difference between lame -V 5 (or even lower) and original source listening in a car
You'll save yourself time in the process and save $ on plastic, as space needed would be ~10 times reduced this way, plus you wont need to browse for CDs to find single album ;)

Procedure:

Convert FLACs to MP3 with lame (lame recommends -V2, but in your
case I'd go with -V5):

flac -d -c track.flac | lame -V 5 - track.mp3

example for processing all FLAC files in current folder:

for f in *.flac ; do flac -d -c "$f" | lame -V 5 - "${f%.*}.mp3" ;
done
Convert MP3 folder structure to Joliet folder structure ISO image
After you have converted FLAC files to MP3 arange MP3s in folder structure (i.e. /artist/album/track) than make ISO image like this:

mkisofs -J -o /tmp/MP3-CD.iso /path to root of MP3 folder
structure/

Note: you can't go above 700MB, check for space first
Burn ISO image

wodim dev=/dev/sg1 -dao speed=8 -eject /tmp/MP3-CD.iso

Note: Use wodim --devices to check for your device.
dev=/dev/sg1 is valid for my system

Voila


Resolution of 4320x900 with TripleHead2go Kubuntu 15.04

I found a solution :

I add a file called 10-monitor.conf into /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/ folder with the following content :

Section "Monitor"
  Identifier "Monitor0"
  Modeline    "4320x900" 251.07 4320 4336 4352 4480 900 903 912 934 -HSync +VSync
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "Screen0"
Device "DVI-I-1"
Monitor "Monitor0"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
  Depth 24
Modes "4320x900_60.00" "1440x900"
Option "ModeValidation" "AllowNonEdidModes, NoVirtualSizeCheck, NoMaxPClkCheck, NoWidthAlignmentCheck, NoExtendedGpuCapabilitiesCheck"
EndSubSection
EndSection

Rebooted and the 4320x900 resolution is back! Hope this will be helpful to somebody.


Mixing repositories is not a good idea, but you can proceed if you want to.  Moreover the zesty Ubuntu version is now end-of-life, so you can not use archive.ubuntu.com URLs for it, you should use old-releases.ubuntu.com for it.
To remove NO_PUBKEY messages use commands below:
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 40976EAF437D05B5
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 3B4FE6ACC0B21F32

and then run sudo apt-get update.
Also note that official search engine for packages is located at https://packages.ubuntu.com and not on third-party blogs which are out-of-date.
If error persists after following the above method, then, please edit your question to specify your final idea.


Have nautilus not to draw desktop icons anymore:

  gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons false

Now, have nemo draw all desktop icons:

  gsettings set org.nemo.desktop show-desktop-icons true

Adjust which icons you want the desktop to show with dconf-editor


On StackExchange networks, it's generally best to post each question separately. I don't have answers to all your issues, but here are some random info that might help:

  1) some ppas that are given from the official developer sites (or fomr
  ubuntu forums) for ubuntu 15.10 sometimes dont work.... (most recent
  in my experience was the QtSixA app for recognize a PS3 sixaxis
  controller)

PPAs are very liberal in allowing anyone to put up packages. No one, including Canonical, can monitor and make sure everything works. As part of the community, you are strongly encouraged to help the PPA owners resolve their issues, or if they ignore you, to point out to others that the PPA is buggy.

Generally speaking, try to stay clear of random PPAs. For the same reason you wouldn't download random files on the internet and execute them, you shouldn't do that on Linux either. Some PPAs are from official developers of a well-known project, such as wine. Those are fine. But if some shady person on the internet suggests a random PPA for something, well you'd better be careful!

For experimental/unstable libraries/programs that aren't yet good enough to be included in the main repositories of Debian (and inherited by Ubuntu), it often makes sense to download the source and build/install it. There is usually a brief set of instructions on how to do this, and is not so hard.

Finally, if stability is what you are looking for, you might want to stick to LTS releases of Ubuntu. You'd miss out on "the latest stuff", but the latest stuff is exactly what's not as well-tested.

  2) the NUMLOCK is always OFF when I boot/restart/loggoff my computer
  and no terminal commands or 3rd part software seems to work -and I
  find this ridiculous!!!

Is it only the LED that is off, or the numpad doesn't switch modes? Or does it turn on when you click it, but is off by default? I just looked at my keyboard and the LED was off, I pressed NUMLOCK, it stayed off, and pressing again it got on. It looks like the NUMLOCK was actually on in the beginning, but it was just the LED that was off. It's a bug for sure. However, I'm sure it only affects some keyboards. Incidentally, my keybaord is microsoft.

  3) I have a 2 monitor display and have set BOTH in ubuntu settings and
  in my graphics driver settings (Nvidia 352) to launch apps on monitor
  B and set it as the main monitor also tried to make the same setting
  by downloading compizconfig (I didnt do all the steps together first
  just changed ubuntu settings -no result except the in the session I
  changed the setting next reboot while the setting didnt change still
  programs did ignore it and launch on monitor A, searched and found the
  similar setting in my graphics driver again no change... change the
  settings in compiz again no change except the first session I did the
  change) -I find that ridiculous as well... I mean its a BASIC
  graphical element I know that a userfriendlies etc of a free distro
  shouldnt be compared with proprietary OS such as macOS and windows...
  but I still find this a fundamental issue that shouldnt exist in the
  15th edition of the ubuntuOS..

I have the same problem on Ubuntu 14.04 at work too. For me though, it's only for fullscreen applications (Quake 3 under wine). I agree that it's frustrating. I'm not sure if it's an Nvidia bug, or Unity. If it's Nvidia's, it's not too surprising. Giving them the benfit of the doubt, they only recently started supporting Linux.

  4) an other elemental issue that shouldnt exist... system monitor
  doesnt work!! Its a native app that is supposed to monitor the
  resources of the computer... well it SEEMS it does but actually it
  does NOT (I have set it to show all processes + their dependencies)
  and there are numerous times were CPU Cores are USED like on 80% yet
  the process tab doesnt show any app using any % of the CPU (or a few
  just using 1% or so depends on the session)

  OR

  the CPU is used and system monitor doesnt show that its used or does
  show that its used less than 1% were the tasks at hand running(like
  chess engines etc) and the temperatures dont excuse such low usage and
  suggest that the CPU is used significantly more than system monitor
  suggests...

  OR

  Ubuntu lags because it uses (at 100% constantly) only one (of 8
  available) cpu cores (And still at process tab it doesnt show any
  process using even that one core resources... ) that could be a Ubuntu
  issue

  to cut the long story short system monitor seems to be more than a
  graphical gimmick than a real deal resource monitor... again I find
  this a basic elemental thing (to be able to know exactly or in a very
  close approximation how many resources are being used and which
  processes use them) and find the absence of that function ridiculous
  for a OS no matter if free or not.

  P.S I have updated and installed the cpu microcode from amd.

I believe System Monitor is more targeted at grandmothers, trying to be simple and everything. I use indicator-multiload to monitor my system activity (and while System Monitor doesn't show all process usages correctly, indicator-multiload generates correct graphs).

$ sudo apt-get install indicator-multiload
$ indicator-multiload &

After the above command, indicator-multiload should start on boot automatically. To actually see the processes and their usages, the good old top command (run from terminal) is the best. People generally think the terminal is for advanced users, but in reality, the terminal is just a very effective way of doing things on your computer. The windows terminal is so bad, people migrating from there aren't used to it. Trust me, you would feel easier there for some tasks.

  5) Fonts for windows NEVER get installed in my computer every time I
  get a message about installing them when I click to "perform this
  action" they seem to get downloaded (by what I can see from the
  terminal window that is popping) but they never do... or if they do
  the error message about them not being installed pops up
  periodically...

Sorry to hear that. I personally have no love for windows or its fonts, so I've never tried this. Perhaps somebody else has an opinion.

  6) the REBOOT process or SHUTDOWN process is SO SO SO buggy (not even
  windows 95 or earlier versions sucked that much in that) its like boot
  and pray that no error message will appear or that it will boot
  because you cant tell if it messed anything up since your last
  shutdown.

  I have a relatively new computer (cpu amd fx 8320,GTX 650 Ti 2GB,16 GB
  2400MHz ram,Asrock 970 pro rev2.0 -windows 10 ready-mobo running the
  latest bios and run the OS on a 120GB SSD with sda1 as my grub
  partition -750 MB- sda2 as a boot partition ext2 filesystem and sda3
  as main OS ext4 filesystem and sda4 as a swap partition and dont run
  any other OS on that disk)

What problems do you see? If you are interested in knowing exactly what's going on at boot and shutdown, you can edit your grub config to remove splash screen from boot.

$ sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Find the line that says GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="..." and remove quiet splash from it. Update your grub:

$ sudo update-grub

You can also see boot logs with dmesg:

$ dmesg

Many times, a minor error written during splash screen is not really a problem. Perhaps it's something some power user may care about, but generally if your system boots, you are ok. Linux hardly "messes anything up" during shutdown, so whatever is the cause of the error, it is very likely hardware related. It's impossible to tell without you providing info on what error you actually see.

Why is your boot partition ext2 by the way?

Side note: Since you have an SSD, you might be interested in reading this for example to help improve its performance under Linux.

  7) The system clock gets messed up for example if the computer gets
  disconnected from the internet (I have it set to get time from
  internet ) and my mobos clock works fine so I dont know why it messes
  up that much... that leads to other problems since some procedures
  need or compare the time and date.... this obviously doesnt happen
  every day... but it happens more than it really should.

How does it get messed up? Linux (like all sane operating systems, which naturally excludes windows) keeps time in UTC. Windows keeps time in local time. I'm not going to go over just how stupid it is to use local time, but just letting you know that unless you live in the +0 timeline, the Linux and windows times are going to differ. If you boot into windows, it will change your motherboard's time to local time. Linux fixes it back to UTC. In dualboot systems, this is actually a problem. You can try telling windows to use UTC, but in my experience sometimes windows ignores your configuration. Alternatively, you can tell Linux to use local time, but I personally recommend not to do this (because local time is just stupid).

From your explanation, it doesn't seem like you are dual booting. So my suggestion is this. In Linux, fix the time (from the internet), then reboot and go to your bios. If it shows your local time, it's your motherboard that is somehow reverting the time back to local time. I've never seen a motherboard actually do this, but perhaps new "windows 10 ready" motherboards do it. This is unless, of course, you are booting into windows, and that's why your clock gets off.

  The computer runs flawlessly Windows for few years up until I
  formatted the ssd containing it to install ubuntu.... so I dont
  suppose that the above problems are caused because my hardware is
  faulty.

Don't be so quick to think the hardware is not faulty. Unfortunately for you and me, many manufacturers only test their hardware with windows. That means that if there is a bug in the hardware that doesn't trigger because windows doesn't use a feature or follows a certain set of steps, the bug is often not discovered until someone runs Linux on it and it starts doing things differently (random link after a quick search).

The best you can, again as part of the community, is to report your issues. Linux works with almost anything you throw at it, so unless the hardware came from a very anti-linux company and was released just yesterday, there is almost always someone taking care of each driver, and they may be interested in test reports.

  I post this here in desperate hope of a miracle

  Such as a very advanced member notices it and will read atleast one of
  ht problems mentions above and give a different method to solve the
  problem (different that the google results of the first page when
  searching for them since they didnt work for me)

  Or that it gets noticed by the Ubuntu team and those problems get
  fixed....

Just a final note. I've had similarly frustrating issues with windows (7 in particular, it was my last) in the past. For example, it not installing if I have two HDDs plugged at the same time, filling up my disk when updating then on restart showing the disk as it used to be, random black rectangle on the screen that doesn't go away until reboot, etc. For a company that pours billions into making sure it keeps its monopoly of desktop OS, its OS is really not less problematic than GNU/Linux. Before getting invested in Ubuntu, feel free to try out a couple of other GNU/Linux distros and perhaps most of your problems may go away. Ubuntu hasn't been "the best" distro for some time now.

While I too hope that one day GNU/Linux, any flavor, runs flawlessly, the fact is that no OS in the world can. Mac OS may run with less problems because it supports exclusively a handful of hardware pieces from Apple. Windows problems are less visible because often people buy PCs/laptops that come with windows pre-installed and tested. The fact that GNU/Linux runs on par with the other OSes (and in my opinion functionally much better, aside from minor bugs) and is entirely made up of free software (partly supported by various companies) is an amazing feat. All anyone can do is to help make GNU/Linux even better, whether it is through bug reports, suggestions or code. You have just begun doing just this, so, welcome to the community!


Will an Livecode Application Developed for Ubuntu Destop work for Ubuntu Mobile?

Probably no, because binary produced using live code is for desktop only, They do not provide option for ubuntu touch yet. Applications which run on desktop may not run on the mobile


Add a >>/tmp/testlog.log to the end of your crontab entry (to redirect
  output to a file you can investigate or check if it's running,
  additionally a 2>&1 would include output from the error console)

Example

  0 * * * * /home/abliskovs/update/update.sh 2>&1 /tmp/testlog.log

Also Make Sure the followings :

Add cronjobs in a right manner. if you've used crontab -e within your own account, scripts are run with your user (and thus the
crontab entry has one field less -- the user to run it, as that is
known). If you simply copied your above snipped to /etc/cron.d, it
would fail as you didn't specify a user (or rather as it finds no
user named "bash").
Make sure that the script file is executable, otherwise it will not
execute it.
Reload the cron jobs sudo service reload, or restart cron service sudo /etc/init.d/cron restart

How to make a file executable?

Several ways to make your file executable

chmod +x /home/abliskovs/update/update.sh

chmod -R 0755 /home/abliskovs/update/update.sh

chmod a+x /home/abliskovs/update/update.sh


How do we find out if the partition table recovered with testdisk is OK?

As we do not know what incident damaged your drive, and we also do not know anything on the previous proper partition structure we unfortunately can not give you a reliable answer to your question.

However in case these lost data are really important, and we have no backups, we strongly recommend to run all the restoring commands on an image of the drive only. Alternatively it would also be a good idea to create an image of the whole drive to be able to restore to the previous state in case we further mess up the partition table. We can do so with

sudo dd if=/dev/sda of=<path>/backup.img

Replace <path> with the location of your backup medium (e.g. an external drive).

Running testdisk on an image will save you a lot of headaches if something goes wrong, and it will also allow you to try out what you believe is right without any risk of further data loss. Run testdisk on the image as follows:

sudo testdisk <path>/backup.img