I would recommend against doing a web-based upgrade.

I'm sure you'd be better off downloading the latest version and carrying out a clean install.

I've written details on the Ubuntu 11.04 to 11.10 upgrade, along with the trouble faced.

Also, a reader on the same site states in a comment on another article that he "never does a web upgrade" and suspected problems arising from that.


The reason that everything is grayed out in the Time and Date Settings is because it need elevated user privileges. All you need to do is click the unlock button on the bottom of the window then put your user password in.

Alternatively you can use sudo ntpdate time.nist.gov in the terminal and have the time update that way as well


What happened to Firefox browse by name service in location bar?

This question isn't really related to Ubuntu, so you might get a better answer elsewhere, but yes, it is intentional and not a bug. The reason the have the second search bar is that you can use it to search other services like yahoo, ebay, and wikipidea.


I want to restore or replace the win 10. My question is how do I do it?

Another possibility is to replace the harddisk (SSD) with a new one and install Windows 10 then. This way you always have the choice to switch back.

If you connect your old disk to an USB SATA adapter you also can copy your data.


bash: /SetUpFreeSurfer.sh: No such file or directory

You probably haven't remove them on your .bashrc file, this causes the line to execute every time you open a terminal.

Open .bashrc using your favorite text editor

gedit .bashrc

Locate for line containing source $FREESURFER_HOME/SetUpFreeSurfer.sh.
Manually remove the line, then save and close the file.
Execute following command on terminal.

source .bashrc

Try open new instance of terminal.


Try resetting Compiz, as there may be some problem with it. Many time while trying diffrent desktop environment it also occurs.
To reset all the Compiz settings (this includes all the plugins settings, etc.) to the default values, open a terminal (don't run it with ALT + F2! Generally while everything is fine the top panel and launcher gets disappear after running the first command but will show up after the second one so use a terminal) and type:

gconftool-2 --recursive-unset /apps/compiz-1
gconftool-2 --recursive-unset /apps/compizconfig-1
unity --reset

You can also try:

rm -rf ~/.config/compiz-1/compizconfig


A similar question recommended looking at ~/.xsession_errors to help the diagnosis. There, I found several "syntax error" messages pointing to the file /usr/sbin/lightdm-session. The syntax errors weren't actually in this file, but this is the script that LightDM uses to load my ~/.profile, ~/.bashrc and ~./bash_aliases files after I login. This step was failing, and apparently the result is that LightDM kicks you back to the login screen without any explanation.

Inspecting these files further, it turns out that at the end of my ~./profile I had the lines:

export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(rbenv init -)"

It was the eval command throwing the error, presumably because of some broken or corrupted Ruby install. It's possible I added these lines myself, but I don't remember. Commenting them out allowed me to again login to Gnome Shell.


False installation process and I cant even get on Bios!

You can enter in your bios using the ASSIST button and enable again the secure boot: https://superuser.com/questions/499037/how-to-enter-bios-setup-in-sony-vaio-svt11125cgs


My Wifi has suddenly stopped working!! Ubuntu 16.04

Kernel module ndiswrapper is wrong.

Remove it by

sudo modprobe -r ndiswrapper
sudo apt-get remove ndiswrapper

And start the proper module by

sudo modprobe b43


My primary monitor is always showing a terminal

This problem took me hours. But I couldn't find a solution except reinstalling nvidia. Here's what I've done:
First, To purge everything related to nvidia. I run this command:
sudo apt-get remove --purge '^nvidia-.*'

Then reinstall ubuntu-desktop:
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf
echo 'nouveau' | sudo tee -a /etc/modules

After that I rebooted, then I noticed I no longer have the problem. But the gpu driver used was nouveau. So I needed to install the nvidia again:
So go to Software & Updates > Additional Drivers,  then choose the nvidia driver you want to install (in my case I chose nvidia-driver-450-server).


Do you have a special reason, why you use a separate partition as /boot? You could try installing it with only the file system root partition (ext4, mount point "/") and the swap partition. Or just try again with the same configuration, maybe it works this time. It could also be useful to wipe all partitions you don't want to keep (the ones that failed to create or what was in their place before) so you create fresh partitions on unpartitioned area for Ubuntu. Hope one of these suggestions helps you. Good luck!


Can't create RFCOMM TTY: Address already in use

Ok since rebooting is annoying, I have tried two approaches.

Create another device and bind the bluetooth to it. Then use the new one in your program.

Open /etc/bluetooth/rfcomm.conf and add another device.

  rfcomm0 {   # Automatically bind the device at startup   bind no;   #
  Bluetooth address of the device   device 00:06:66:68:20:61;   # RFCOMM
  channel for the connection   channel 1;   # Description of the
  connection   comment "This is Device 1's serial port."; }

  rfcomm2 {   # Automatically bind the device at startup   bind no;   #
  Bluetooth address of the device   device 20:15:12:08:62:95;   # RFCOMM
  channel for the connection   channel 1;   # Description of the
  connection   comment "This is Device 1's serial port."; }

  rfcomm3 {   # Automatically bind the device at startup   bind no;   #
  Bluetooth address of the device   device 20:15:12:08:62:95;   # RFCOMM
  channel for the connection   channel 1;   # Description of the
  connection   comment "This is Device 1's serial port."; }

Restart the bluetooth service then :

userk@dopamine:~$ sudo rfcomm bind 2 DEV_ADDR CHANNEL

The answer:

Rfcomm can't release the device because of some other process in Ubuntu. Check which one with

userk@dopamine:~$ sudo lsof | grep /dev/rfcomm2

MATLAB    5554 6868            userk  514u      CHR              216,2       0t0        603 /dev/rfcomm2

Kill it!!

userk@dopamine:~$ ps -ax | grep MATLAB
 7684 pts/5    Sl     0:39 /usr/local/MATLAB/R2015b/bin/glnxa64/MATLAB
 7873 pts/5    S+     0:00 grep --color=auto MATLAB

userk@dopamine:~$ kill -9 7684

Voilà no ore forced reboot! Hope it helps


The comments indicate a problem with Nvidia graphics drivers. The driver was installed using a binary downloaded directly from Nvidia and that needs to be reinstalled for any new kernel version. As such. the following procedure is recommended:

Boot using the old kernel - 4.8.0-36-generic -, the one that currently works;
Fully update the OS->

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade

Reinstall the Nvidia driver using the same procedure as before.
Reboot

In order to avoid this issues please follow the recommended installation method for Nvidia drivers in Ubuntu, as outlined in "NVIDIA drivers provided by the Ubuntu repositories".


ok, I got it working by tricking around.

Had to enter the connection menu in bluetooth.
Then, quitted it.
Now, went in the bluetooth thing (B symbol) in the taskbar,
told it to connect, then it worked.
Put music on, switched the output (sound menu) to the device.
Shazam !!


How do I regain access to my encrypted home directory after changing my password?

If you're using ecryptfs (it's the standard way to encrypt home folders, so probably are) then when you changed your user password you lost automatic access to your encrypted home (as you discovered). That should not have happened with most regular ways to change your password (like passwd), they're supposed to use PAM to update the encryption automatically (but not if an administrator changes/resets the password, or it wouldn't be secure).

ecryptfs actually recommends that you keep a backup copy of the actual passphrase it uses (it's not your login passphrase, but it is encrypted or "wrapped" with your login passphrase) just in case something happens to the wrapped passphrase file you're referring to.

But using ecryptfs-unwrap-passphrase you should be able to find out the actual ecryptfs passphrase.

Using ecryptfs-rewrap-passphrase you could use your old user passphrase to "unwrap" the ecryptfs passphrase, then "re-wrap" it it with your new user passphrase. Here's a clip from it's man page:

NAME
   ecryptfs-rewrap-passphrase - unwrap an eCryptfs wrapped passphrase, re‐
   wrap it with a new passphrase, and write it back to file.

SYNOPSIS
   ecryptfs-rewrap-passphrase [file]

   printf "%s\n%s" "old wrapping passphrase" "new wrapping  passphrase"  |
   ecryptfs-rewrap-passphrase [file] -

But I'd make a backup copy of any files before running that on them. (ps. you don't need to use the printf... format, it works just running ecryptfs-rewrap-passphrase [file] if you don't mind typing the passphrases).

And you could run ecryptfs-recover-private to just mount any ecryptfs encrypted private folders it finds, then backup/copy, etc.

See man ecryptfs and the man pages for all the ecryptfs-... tools for some more info. And archlinux's wiki has some pretty good info at https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/ECryptfs


How to uninstall app via source command?

Installation and usage

Installation is done by launching Setup script.

This program looks slightly old, so I tested it first on old GNOME 2 system.

I tested your script on pretty old Ubuntu 11.04 with cool and nice Nautilus 2.32. It works here as expected. It creates icon on desktop (on click it opens file selection dialog) and drop-down menu in Nautilus (Scripts->Check hash).
After object selection it asks for checksum methods

and shows calculated checksums

What we have on modern Ubuntu:

on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, 16.04 LTS and 18.04 LTS it works from desktop-shortcut, but does not work from Nautilus drop-down (there is no Scripts section here in Nautilus).
But you can make it working by copying script file to the GNOME3 location:

mkdir -p ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts
cp ~/.HashCheck/Check\ hash ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts

on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, 16.04 LTS and 18.04 LTS with MATE DE and Caja file-manager it fully works out-the-box.

Uninstallation

According to its readme file it can be removed by running the same Setup file.

If it does not work you can remove it manually:

rm -rf /home/$USER/.HashCheck
rm "/home/$USER/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Check hash"
rm /home/$USER/Desktop/HashChecker.desktop


Why can it be harmful to use the same usb stick on both Ubuntu and Windows?

I never had any problem with using the same USB-stick on Windows and Linux.

But I would not trust a USB stick as a backup solution.

With a bad USB stick you can lose your files even if you only use it on the same OS.

Always back up your files to an off-site location with a good storage solution with RAID or a cloud storage solution.


There is no possibility to reset/remove you user photo from the "Users" panel in settings. You need to resort to the terminal and change some configuration settings as root. How to do that is already indicated in this answer (step 1 below), but to fully tidy things up in case you selected your own picture, or took one with your webcam, you should also remove the picture itself (step 2).

Thus, the actions are:

1) Edit the configuration file /var/lib/AccountsService/users/$USER as root user (change $USER to your login name if the variable $USER is not set to your login), and delete the line Icon=/var/lib/AccountsService/icons/<your_username>

2) Remove your custom picture /var/lib/AccountsService/icons/<your_username> if it exists. It won't exist if you took one of the provided images.


Ubuntu 14.04 - Dual Monitor Issue (Aspect Ratio)

Solution: Install  AMD Catalyst Control Center - (Catalyst Control Center for the AMD graphics accelerators) fglrx-amdcccle

Worked with my Radeon HD 6480G


7z cli: Extract multiple files with same password

You need to put double quotes around the *.rar part of the command :

7z e "*.rar" -oOPT -p$(cat passwd.txt)


Deactivate HTML display in incoming emails in Thunderbird

I do not believe you can stop the rendering itself.

The 3 things I know of that you can use are...

View > Message Body As > Plain text
Not use preview (f8 toggles on/off)
You can also enable Tools > Options > Advanced > Privacy > Block loading of remote images to stop loading remote images (that also kills the ability to execute code from there).


What will be the difference between freshly installed OS and upgraded from previous version?

If you did not do any major tweaking to some piece of software, ideally there should be no difference providing that the upgrade was successful.  Plus your data, contacts, etc are already there if you upgrade.  (However, you should always back it up just in case something goes wrong.)


Remap arrow keys to a new key combination

Apparently I need 50 reputation to comment.

I have found a similar post here:
Emulate Keypad on Laptop

Also here:
https://radu.cotescu.com/remapping-keys-in-ubuntu-14.04/


How to calibrate my touchscreen on a HP Pavilion tx2500?

Quotation from http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1478728#4

The 10-wacom.conf file that is referenced is the one in /usr/lib/X11/xorg.conf.d/

  The calibration for a TX2500's stylus
  is:

  Option      "TopX"      "225"
    Option      "TopY"      "225"
    Option      "BottomX"   "26300"
    Option      "BottomY"   "16375"
  The calibration for a TX2500's touch is:

  Option      "TopX"      "200"
    Option      "TopY"      "225"
    Option      "BottomX"   "4000"
    Option      "BottomY"   "3875"
  The calibration for a TX2z's stylus and touch is:

  Option      "TopX"      "0"
    Option      "TopY"      "0"
    Option      "BottomX"   "9600"
    Option      "BottomY"   "7200"
  You can add that to the 10-wacom.conf, or if that
  fails to a section in xorg.conf.  I
  think the wacom driver is suppose to
  auto-calibrate your device.  Often
  Xorg.0.log in /var/log has the
  coordinates when the driver initiates
  the device.

  The Rotation HOW TO has scripts.
  Just remember there has been a change
  in the device name conventions.  Enter
  'xinput --list' in a terminal to get
  the new device name and substitute it
  in the scripts (with the quotes) where
  it says stylus or touch, etc.  You can
  also use the device ID numbers.


How to remove duplicated packages on Ubuntu 15.04?

Open your Ubuntu Software Center Then go to menu:  Edit > Software Sources > Other Software

Or just run the command

 software-properties-gtk

Then move to other software tab

Select and Remove duplicate entries.


Way to logout/restart to another operating system

This can be done with grub-reboot.

grub-reboot sets the default boot entry for GRUB, for the next boot only.

grub-reboot ENTRY

ENTRY is a number or a menu item title.

See man grub-reboot for more info.


Test this:

Switch on your computer.

Press and hold the Shift key, which will bring up the Grub menu.

Select the line which starts with Advanced options.

Select the line ending with recovery mode

Your PC should display a menu with a number of options.

Select In this order: Network  -- Drop to root shell prompt.

In the terminal run:

mount -o remount, rw /
mount --all
apt-get update
apt-get install --reinstall aptitude deborphan ppa-purge
aptitude remove '?and(?reverse-depends(elementary),?not(?reverse-depends(?exact-name(ubuntu-desktop))))'
apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
apt-get dist-upgrade
deborphan
apt-get --purge remove $(deborphan)
deborphan --libdevel
apt-get --purge remove $(deborphan --libdevel)
deborphan --find-config
dpkg --purge $(deborphan --find-config)
apt-get autoremove
apt-get clean
ppa-purge ppa:elementary-os/daily
reboot

Source


Are there any free, high quality, career mode games for Ubuntu?

Battle for Wesnoth

Info - The Battle for Wesnoth is a Free, turn-based tactical strategy game with a high fantasy theme, featuring both single-player, and online/hotseat multiplayer combat. Fight a desperate battle to reclaim the throne of Wesnoth, or take hand in any number of other adventures..
Playdeb - Not Yet Available
Official Site - http://www.wesnoth.org/
Graphics - 6/10
Developers - http://wiki.wesnoth.org/Support
Size - 280 MB


Cannot change brightness leves on Ubuntu 18.04

It seems to be a kernel bug. Try some other kernel versions, especially 4.19.86 and 5.3.13 without any parameters and with the parameters you've already used. If none of them works try the latest unstable kernel 5.4. Always check ls -l /sys/class/backlight since if you have some subdirectories in /sys/class/backlight it means you potentially can set the screen brightness.


SSH via Corkscrew - Where is the config?

That is still the correct location. You don't have one by default on most systems -- you frequently need to create it and the .ssh directory. See 'man ssh_config' and 'man ssh' for more details.

From man ssh on my system:
     ~/.ssh/
             This directory is the default location for all user-specific con‐
             figuration and authentication information.  There is no general
             requirement to keep the entire contents of this directory secret,
             but the recommended permissions are read/write/execute for the
             user, and not accessible by others.


How to remove carriage returns in a text editor?

This is easy to do in Ubuntu's default text editor gedit a.k.a. Text Editor.

Open Find and Replace menu by using the default Ctrl+H key shortcut or by using the context menu in the top right of gedit.

If you are editing a file with UNIX-style line endings, do a find & replace like so:

Find: \n
Replace with: space

If you are editing a file with Windows-style line-endings, do a find & replace like so:

Find: \r\n
Replace with: space


Mails don’t generally return a “delivered” value after they’re sent. However, you can add a flag to request for a read-receipt once the destination address owner you’re sending the mail to has opened it. There are 2 scenarios you’ll be getting feedback here:

If the destination address is incorrect, typically mail servers will send a message back to the sender stating so.
If the destination owner has opened the mail, and the mail was set to include a read-receipt return address, a message will be auto-generated and sent back to the address you specify under ‘Return-Receipt-To’. There is a pretty good and complete explanation here: how to get a return recipt from mailutils?

NOTE: Read-receipts can be denied by the receiving party, in which case the sender will not get a read-receipt back.


Failed to fetch APT update (Not a duplicate)

Firstly, I generated a clean and minimal sources.list from repogen having only main and universe sections. Then, I made a thorough reset of my apt system by following:

sudo apt-get clean
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/
sudo apt-get update --fix-missing

But even that didn't solve the problem. Then I located the problem source to the universe section of the repo line in sources.list:

deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main
#deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty universe

I found that after commenting the universe section, apt-get update worked without any problems, but with universe added, I was getting this error:

W: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/trusty/Release  Unable to find expected entry 'universe/binary-i386/Packages' in Release file (Wrong sources.list entry or malformed file)

Then as per the suggestion of @FlorianDiesch, I tried switching the servers: I tried the main, Indian and American ones, but with no luck:

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty universe
deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty universe

Finally, the I tried the German server and it paid off!

deb http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty universe

Now, apt-get update did a proper update without any issues. This seems to suggest that either the Release files of the other servers have some issues in them or they just don't like my machine setup for some reason.


Making Ctrl+C copy text in gnome-terminal?

You can change the keybinding for Cut and Paste from the default Ctrl+Shift+C, Ctrl+Shift+V to what you say, namely Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V, in the Edit → Keyboard Shortcuts menu. Though you should also change the default terminal meaning associated with Ctrl+C (interrupt), for example in this way

stty intr ^J

(I chose Ctrl+J because I don't remember it is associate with some action, but you can make your own choice.)

I don't think it is possible to retain the default interrupt action for Ctrl+C only when there is no text highlighted.


Extremely low downloading speed on ubuntu but good on windows

I had the exact same issue on my Acer. We have the same onboard wireless card..

Check if you have updated linux-firmware package.

After doing that it improved the speeds a bit for me (20-30 kbPs to ~ 100-200 kBps )


Can't Update Brave Browser In Ubuntu 19.10

Remove the obsolote repository.
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:ian-berke/ppa-drawers

Fetch newest Brave Browser's key.
curl -s https://brave-browser-apt-release.s3.brave.com/brave-core.asc | sudo apt-key --keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/brave-browser-release.gpg add -

Update the index repository, try installing brave once again.
sudo apt update
sudo apt install brave-browser


Dual boot screen can't select Windows 10

A couple of things to check and a manual workaround.
Luckily, from Ubuntu you can modify (GRUB I assume) the bootloader, install grub-customizer with:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt update
sudo apt install grub-customiser

Run it, go to General Settings and change "Boot default entry after x Seconds" to 60 seconds. Save it and then cycle your computer off and on.
Check to see if the keyboard still boots the OS pressing the up or down keys (Note, the left and right keys can be set to boot GRUB, so don't test these). If it takes 60 seconds to boot, the keyboard doesn't work at all before the OS boots. If it does boot with any key, since the computer shouldn't have remapped the keyboard before the OS boots it's likely a hardware problem. Try using a different keyboard plugged into the motherboard, or usb 2 so that you know that the computer is getting the correct signals. Some poorly designed modern keyboards do poorly before the OS has booted and especially so if connected through monitors, hubs, or a more modern USB interface. You can also try enabling "Legacy USB Keyboard" support from your BIOS if it has the option to force USB to be enabled properly before boot.
Lastly, if you desperately need to get into Windows, you can set the "default entry" on the customizer to Windows, though this will leave you trapped in Windows if you cannot use the GRUB interface.


Xubuntu 12.04 hangs when sleeping the second time

I had the same problem, and I fixed it by following the instructions in this forum thread:

Asus X54H will not suspend correctly

After I implemented that script, everything worked fine.


Empathy unable to automatically connect at startup

Go in Ubuntu Dash -> Search for "startup programs" and add empathy there with command empathy. Be sure, that you saved your account password in empathy, if you mean that password question.

the Password required message is a bug reported here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/896590
you can vote for this bug (mark that it affects you) if you want to increase the attention it gets by developers.


"command 'wine netframework3.exe' returned status 53. Aborting." when installing 'dotnet30' in winetricks

Try:

cd /usr/bin
sudo rm ./winetricks
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Winetricks/winetricks/master/src/winetricks

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/Release.key
sudo apt-key add Release.key
sudo apt-add-repository https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --install-recommends winehq-stable

Then delete the Wine prefix (this will remove any apps installed in Wine):

rm -r ~/.wine

Create a fresh 32-bit prefix:

WINEARCH=win32 wineboot

Then run the Winetricks command again:

winetricks dotnet35

(dotnet35 will also install .NET 3.0)


It's very simple. Fire up a terminal and run:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wine

That should do it!

If you want to get the latest development version, you'll have to uninstall any previously installed version and use an external PPA:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wine/wine-builds
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --install-recommends winehq-devel


Open Nautilus and press Ctrl + H.

Then go to ~/.local/share/applications and remove all Chrome .desktop files.


Display lagging (printing from top to bottom )

At the end I just uninstalled the AMD driver using amdgpu-pro-uninstall and that probably reverted back to the old "basic" driver idk which one it is but its working ok now. I will probably try and install amdgpu when a new version is released.


You don't need to do anything to update Firefox to Firefox 29. Firefox 29 is already available from your normal software updates. Just open the Software Updater and you will be asked if you want to get the update.


I've run into quite a few issues regarding touch screen with Ubuntu on All-in-one devices. Here's a Reddit post concerning touch screen on a SP4 with Ubuntu 16.04. For all intents and purposes the process should be the same on 17.04, but due to the fact that Ubuntu 17 is still in Beta, support for that may be somewhat limited.


Support for Wireless Network Interface PCI Cards as of now?

I use Ubuntu 16.04 on my laptop and this network adapter, worked just fine since I bough it. Alfa Network AWUS036NHA 5 DBi - Adaptador


Is there any PPA that follow the latest Intel Opensource Driver For Ubuntu 10.04?

“xorg crack pushers” team provides unstable versions, they also update other open source and proprietary drivers.

ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa  (Click here for instructions on using PPAs.)

If you want something more secure or less "edger" try the PPA maintained by Oibaf. They provide only FOSS drivers updates and libdrm.

ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers  (Click here for instructions on using PPAs.)


Guest system does not see the updated disk size in VirtualBox

I finally found the solution here:

View all of the drives associated with VirtualBox

$ "C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage" list hdds

For each associated drive use modifyhd:

$ "C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage" modifyhd "D:\Pat\to\VM\Snapshots\{b0e3f93f-49fe-49bc-9ae2-79e80da6cf01}.vdi" --resize 20480

Now GParted sees the added space.

NOTE: The curly braced snapshot entries require the last forward slash to be changed to a backslash. Meaning:

...\Snapshots\{...}.vdi

instead of

...\Snapshots/{...}.vdi


I have a special line in my Grub of Ubuntu 11.10 -- Will it survive to 12 if I "do-version-upgrade?"

I would assume that line will not survive and be prepared to again edit grub and or debug your intel card with the upgrade.

You may want to test a live CD before upgrading to see how your card performs.


Winetricks registry editor window is empty

Uninstalled and purged Wine, deleted ~/.wine folder.
Installed the stable version 3.0.
Followed the steps presented in my other answer HERE in order to install MSOffice.

It seems that by some odd occurrence I had created the ~/.wine32 folder. I have noticed that afterwards, during the successful installation which was not affected by the  problem above, no such folder was created.
Also, at the time of the problem described in the question, the Wine version at system level was 3.18 (one that I had installed in Playonlinux for a parallel effort to install MSOffice in PoL, but it somehow became the system version too). Maybe that was a big part of the problem. Replacing it with 3.0 was probably the thing to do.
The black-screen problem can be fixed as expected, as seen in my linked answer, while the problem with regedit discussed here above doesn't occur when following those steps.


No USB boot. No CD boot. Can I install Ubuntu on a Mac Mini?

Unfortunately there is not a way to do this, that I have found. I have installed many, many versions of Ubuntu on various computers. You will need a CD, or USB to do this. You cannot start an install of an OS while working in an OS due to the r/w process. You will have to boot from an external device like CD or USB. If you get your hands on a USB stick I recommend using Rufus to create the bootable USB device.


No; it is just a regular file on disk.  Had you let it finish, you would simply have had a copy of the iso file named /dev/sdd}.  In other words, there is nothing special about the /dev directory so you can create new regular files there all you like.  It is only the dev nodes that the system creates there that are special.


Xen, XAPI, and Xen Orchestra, Ubuntu 14.04 Server

I am into the same thing, I want to try the Xen Orchestra on Ubuntu, according to recent blog post on xen blog about Docker and XenServer, Xen Orchestra works with Xen and XAPI without XenServer, thus you could try to mount the iso installation image from XenServer download page and try to follow the guide about installing xapi-xe package. It's rpm and I don't know how it would behave in Ubuntu, but it's worth a shot.

mount the iso, cd into it, copy xaip-xe package to your home directory

install instructions:

apt-get install stunnel4
alien --scripts xapi-xe-0.2-supply-correct-number-here.i686.rpm
dpkg -i ./xapi-xe_0.2-1_i386.deb


Weird Language Behavior of Terminator/Terminal

Multiple language can show up if you have your LANGUAGE variable set to a colon-separated list of languages, e.g. de:es. In this case apps using the gettext engine (that's almost all utilities that have translations) try to pick German, but then fall back to Spanish for each string that is missing its German translation. Should the Spanish translation also be missing for a certain string, the final fallback is always (American) English.

See e.g. https://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/The-LANGUAGE-variable.html for details. In particular, as pointed out on that page: "you still need to have LANG (or LC_ALL) set to the primary language".


How do I install 3rd party programs and make them appear in the Dash Home menu?

1- Create an empty file and rename it to sublime.desktop

2- Add some lines in it following the below examples (choose one and change it on your conditions)

Ex A. Hotshots .desktop file:

[Desktop Entry]
Version=2.0.0
Name=HotShots
Comment=Screenshot manager
Type=Application
GenericName=Screenshot manager
TryExec=/usr/bin/hotshots
Exec=/usr/bin/hotshots
Categories=Utility;Application;
Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/hotshots.png
MimeType=application/x-hot;

Ex B. Amazon .desktop file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Amazon
Type=Application
Icon=amazon-store
Exec=unity-webapps-runner --amazon --app-id=ubuntu-amazon-default

Ex C. Goldendict .desctop file:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Categories=Office;Dictionary;Education;Qt
Name=GoldenDict
GenericName=Multiformat Dictionary
Comment=GoldenDict
Encoding=UTF-8
Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/goldendict.png
Exec=goldendict

3- put sublime.desktop file in this directory: /usr/share/applications


How to Install pyhdf library on python 3?

I was able to install it later.I took some help from here https://gist.github.com/eightysteele/1408088. I used the following code

cd pyhdf-0.9.0
export INCLUDE_DIRS=/usr/include/hdf
export LIBRARY_DIRS=/usr/lib
export NOSZIP=1
python3 setup.py install
sudo python3 setup.py install

only thing we need to do for installing it in python3 is write python3 instead of python


Ubuntu 20.04 login screen doesn't appear on the primary screen

I have fixed the problem with these line of code:
sudo cp ~/.config/monitors.xml ~gdm/.config/monitors.xml
It only works if the desired monitor has been marked as primary first.


Panels in GNOME keep resetting or turning blank

alt+f2 type : gconf-editor

apps--->
panel-->
global->

Then Check "locked_down"

It should prevent the panels from further change

but you must uncheck it to change things on the panels


How to give rights to windows user for linux created folder?

Well, I mounted the CIFS share in /etc/fstab with UID=1000 and GID=1000. it seems to be working now. To be honest I have no idea. Just did a lot of trial and error.


It is a well-known issue that some HP computers erroneously load the acer-wmi module which hard-blocks the wireless. Here is your evidence:

  1: acer-wireless: Wireless LAN

  Soft blocked:no

  Hard blocked:yes

It is necessary to blacklist the module so it doesn't load on boot in the future:

sudo -i
echo "blacklist acer-wmi"  >>  /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
exit

However, the module is still loaded and running until you remove it or reboot; let's unload it:

sudo modprobe -r acer-wmi

Finally, after your hard-drive install, update the firmware:

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.158_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux-firmware*.deb

Here is another example of the same case: No Network, not booting


tftpd-hpa How can I set "blksize" option?

I was able to get this working with xinet.d running the tftp-hpa service.

In the xinetd.d/tftp file, I added "--blocksize 1468"

service tftp
{

    socket_type             = dgram
    protocol                = udp
    wait                    = yes
    user                    = root
    server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
    server_args             = -s /tftpfolder --verbose --blocksize 1468
    disable                 = no
    per_source              = 11
    cps                     = 100 2
    flags                   = IPv4

}

After looking at the behavior, clients that do not specify a blocksize option per the RFC will continue to get the default 512 blocksize unfortunately.  Clients that do provide the blocksize option can now get up to the maxblocksize option I have set.  Mine is set under the fragmentation size, as we are running over WAN, but you can likely use the larger size as long as your clients can request a larger size as well.


Split large file, have arbitrary start index number

It's not a big deal to renumber the files afterwards.

split -a 5 -d -l 10000 large_input_file /out_path/tmp.
for x in /outpath/tmp.*; do
  mv -i -- "$x" "${x%/*}/out.$(printf %05d $((10#${x##*.}+1)))";
done

Note a couple of pitfalls:

The naive approach of renaming out.00000 to out.00001 and so on doesn't work, because globbing expands to a lexicographically ordered list, so the first renaming would overwrite the second file. In zsh, you can use the (On) glob qualifier. In other shells, the easiest way is to change the stem of the name as well.
A leading 0 in shell arithmetic causes the number to be interpreted in octal. 10#${…} forces a decimal interpretation.
printf %05d is a way to maintain the padding to 5 digits.


Ubuntu 12.04 - Read only file system+computer crash/freezes after an update that got interupted

This is what live distributions are for. Boot from a usb or cd and copy your files to another drive. Then you can reinstall, this time with a separate /home partition, so the next time you upgrade you won't lose all your stuff.


How to prevent Ubuntu automatically changing display language

First, go to System Settings → Language Support and in Langage tab, apply system wide English:

In Regional Formats apply system wide your favorite English:

Second, go to System Settings → User Accounts and select English as your language:

After all of these settings, a re-login is necessary.


The first two lines are not commands. The best way is to create a list file for this repository. You can do it this way

sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cppcms.list <<< "deb http://apt.cppcms.com/ trusty main"
sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cppcms.list <<< "deb-src http://apt.cppcms.com/ trusty main"
sudo apt-get update

Then you can run the rest of commands, that are really commands.

But it seems that you do not have to build it from source. You can install the binary by

sudo apt-get install cppcms-tools libcppcms-dev


Try in terminal :

gnome-screenshot

Or in Dach search for screen shot and open it .


Untrusted application launcher (symlink)

The file is owned by root on your system,this location is in the root file system /usr/share/applications/onboard.desktop. Try this

1 make a new folder in your home folder and put your .desktop in this new folder

2 open a terminal and type sudo -i and enter your password

3 Type cd then drag and drop the new folder you made on the terminal, this will enter that folder.

4 type chmod +x onboard.desktop

This will change the permissions of the file as root and should allow your user access to the file.

NOTE any file you see with a little padlock icon is owned by another user

Please look here for how to properly make a .desktop LINK


Can I open Excel .xlsx files with LibreOffice Calc?

My copy of LibreOffice, version 3.5.0rc3, is capable of opening and saving xlsx files.  Presumably any version after that will, and probably some version before.  LibreOffice has more community developed plugins in its package, so OpenOffice may not have xlsx capabilities.

Who knows if every weird format will work correctly either.

Ubuntu 12.10 has libreoffice 3.6.2, which really should have the support you need.

Install LibreOffice:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libreoffice


A user account that has no password? Sounds like a very weird idea to me.

But if that is so then there is absolutely no reason to lock your screen when the screen saver kicks in.

Go to Settings/Brightness and Lock and disable Lock. In this way the screensaver will start but you will not be asked for a password.


PHP functions are not working in /var/www/html/domain.com/public_html

Make sure you have installed all required binaries/plugins to run php/mysal/apache together. Following is installation commands, do run them and it will install any missing binaries.

sudo apt-get install apache2
sudo apt-get install php
sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5
sudo apt-get install mysql-server
sudo apt-get install php5-mysql
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

If still doesn't work, then do let me know. Will guide further on solving.


After upgrading to version 18.04, it works somewhat better. Still having a problem at times, but I recommend to try the upgrade to anyone facing this issue. (I'm not marking my own answer as a solution, since it could be better solved)


clonezilla -> about

Filesystem supported: (1) ext2, ext3, ext4, reiserfs, reiser4, xfs, jfs, btrfs of GNU/Linux, (2) FAT12, FAT16, FAT32, NTFS of MS Windows, (3) HFS+ of Mac OS, (4) UFS of FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD, (5) minix of Minix, and (6) VMFS3 and VMFS5 of VMWare ESX. Therefore you can clone GNU/Linux, MS windows, Intel-based Mac OS, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Minix and VMWare ESX, no matter it's 32-bit (x86) or 64-bit (x86-64) OS. For these file systems, only used blocks in partition are saved and restored. For unsupported file system, sector-to-sector copy is done by dd in Clonezilla.


Issues after using Intel Graphics Update

So after doing some further reading and searching I found the package i915-4.6.3-4.4.0-dkms, which I removed (or purged) together with the intel-graphics-update-tool and it's source.list. Now all issues are gone. To think that one package (the first one above) would possess the ability to screw up a system that much. But now I can enter my pass at boot, suspend, and compiz works again.

  sudo apt purge intel-graphics-update-tool i915-4.6.3-4.4.0-dkms &&
  sudo apt autoremove


Upgraded Ubuntu 18.04 to 20.04 and crashes at login screen

I had a similar problem while upgrading from Kubuntu 18.04 to Kubuntu 20.04.
My system is setup with two users apart from root. I could login with one of the non-root users (xxx), but not with the other (yyy). When looking into my /home tree, I recognized that all directories were owned by xxx.
To allow logging in with yyy, I used the command:
sudo chown -R yyy:yyy /home/yyy


This class of problems is extremely frustrating to debug without a second computer attached and a serial console (your MB probably does have headers for it, if not a USB-Serial is better than nothing) on the target machine to stream kernel dmesg logs with maximum verbosity.
The following troubleshooting guide will help you get started:
https://askubuntu.com/a/1038856/6045
A lot of it boils down to competition for free memory to flush everything without gumming up the system into a live lock situation.
The more complex your data storage setup is, the more potential problems you're going to have.
If you have a spare disk handy try a bare install to it with nothing fancy (ext4, noraid) and an actual swap partition to see if the motherboard/chipset itself can perform hibernation.
The fwts tool has a mechanism for automatically testing suspend | hibernate. If you can successfully return from hibernate (S4) 100 times, I would call the system stable.


To begin, you don't have a BIOS; you have an EFI (a UEFI, really; UEFI is EFI version 2.x). EFIs boot in a very different way from BIOSes. Unfortunately, many people, and even manufacturers, apply the term "BIOS" to their EFIs. This leads to confusion because people try to apply BIOS concepts to their EFIs, and this often leads to mistakes. That may not be the cause of your problems, but it might be playing a minor factor. I recommend you read a couple of pages on EFI-mode Linux installations before you do anything else:

Adam Williamson's blog entry on how EFI works -- This page describes the theory behind EFI-mode booting.
My page on installing Linux on EFI systems -- This page is a more practical introduction to EFI-mode booting than Adam Williamson's blog.

The old BIOS boot-order options are more sophisticated under EFI, because under EFI, you boot from a file, so you can have multiple boot options on a single hard disk. These are typically named, not just identified by a disk; but in the case of removable disks, the entries are likely to be identified by the disk's manufacturer and/or model. Furthermore, most EFIs support both native EFI-mode boots and boots of BIOS-mode boot loaders via a component known as the Compatibility Support Module (CSM; aka "legacy mode" booting). Thus, setting your external medium to boot first is somewhat ambiguous; it might be trying to boot in BIOS mode or in EFI mode. Many EFIs are flaky even there, and may not do what you expect. They might forget to boot from the external medium first if you unplug that boot medium, for instance.

Instead, I recommend you learn to use the computer's built-in boot manager. This may require disabling the firmware's "fast startup" features. You can usually get to the boot manager by hitting a function key (usually a high-numbered one), Esc, or Enter; but details vary from one computer to another, so you may need to consult the computer's manual to learn how to get to this menu. Once you've found it, you should be able to launch the installer by selecting its option on the menu -- but if two such options appear, select the one that includes the string "UEFI." The one that does not include that string likely boots in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, which you do NOT want to do on your computer!

If you can only launch the boot medium in BIOS mode, it's probably missing an EFI-mode boot loader. This can happen because some programs used to create boot media omit the EFI-mode boot loader. Thus, you may need to try another tool, like Linux's dd command or Rufus.

The symptoms you describe (getting a grub> prompt if you try to boot with the external disk disconnected) are caused by the weird way Ubuntu configures GRUB, in conjunction with your external-disk installation. In particular, the main GRUB binary resides on the EFI System Partition (ESP), which in your case is on the internal disk; but this program relies on configuration files in the /boot/grub directory, which in your case is on the external disk. When GRUB can't read its configuration file, it presents a grub> prompt; and exiting from GRUB will then launch whatever's next in the EFI's boot order. This boot-time quirk will go away when you install Ubuntu to your internal disk; but if you wanted to keep Ubuntu on the external disk, you could work around the problem in various ways, such as by moving Ubuntu's /boot directory to a small dedicated /boot partition on the internal disk or by switching to another boot program that doesn't split its configuration file off in the way GRUB does.

If you continue to struggle, you might consider installing my rEFInd boot manager. As I've noted, some EFIs have flaky built-in boot managers, and rEFInd is likely to do a better job, with the caveat that you may need to hit the Esc key once the rEFInd menu appears to get it to scan your external media. rEFInd will also not be affected by the GRUB multi-disk configuration file issue, so it would be a way around that problem, if you decide to keep Ubuntu on the external disk.


I am not sure that my answer will definitely work but you can give it a try. Actually the wireless problem has become a common problem, and it happened with me too when I installed Kubuntu 12.04. Here is what I did to make it working:

First connect with any wired Internet connection or USB Dongle; It will be needed to download the drivers and it is only one time work.
Open terminal by Alt+Ctrl+Tand execute this command:

sudo jockey-kde

this application will search for all available drivers and try to download and install if missing.
Once successfully finished, you'll get that some wireless drives has been installed. Just restart your system once.

Hope it works for you too. Reply what happens!


First, let's get the ethernet going. The r8169 driver is troubled by auto-negotiation. Let's turn it off and see if it connects:

sudo ethtool -s eth0 autoneg off

Assuming you connect, let's install the wireless driver:

 sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

Finally, let's make the auto-negotiation permanent:

gksudo gedit /etc/rc.local

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit. Right above the last line exit0, add a new line:

ethtool -s eth0 autoneg off

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor. You should be all set.


csgo_linux64 is not responding on Ubuntu 18.04

You can try and add -nojoy to launch options. Can you make sure that you don't have joystick connected to your PC? From my experience and people who had the same issue it was due to joystick being connected to PC. You can override that with -nojoy option in launch options or just disconnect it.

Cheers!


Do I have to install drivers after an installation?

Ubuntu will install most drivers automatically, and it recognizes quite a bit of hardware. Some of it might require proprietary drivers, though. You have to decide if you're philosophically ok with that.

How do I install additional drivers?


I set up a an apache2 virtualhost but now I cant seem to access my /etc/var/www/ files?

Apache usually ships with a default virtualhost with a document root set to /var/www/html/.

To see what virtualhosts your server currently has configured, run apache2ctl -S, then either move your files to the document root you see, or create a new virtuahost container that uses the document root you want.


Which display server will Ubuntu 13.10 ship?

13.10 will ship with X by default. You will be able to install Mir separately for testing.

XMir isn't a display server, but rather a go-between that allows X to run on top of Mir. This allows backwards compatibility with X-only applications and allows them to run on Mir without (major) modification. If you're using both Mir and the traditional desktop; you'll be using XMir to do it.

Source: https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-devel/2013-October/037695.html


i3wm style notifications are appearing in unity

There is no notification system provided by i3wm but it looks like it could be un software called dunst

uninstall it and you should be fine.


Open the file ~/.bashrc (or /etc/bash.bashrc if it should work globally for all users).
Locate the variable called PS1.
Simply put an \n at the end of the value of the PS1 variable.


Different ways of executing binaries and scripts

The following commands are the same, a dot component means "current directory". To allow for being executed, the files need to have executable permissions:

path/to/binary
./path/to/binary

Note that if a path does not contain a slash, it is treated as a command (either a shell built-in or a program that is looked up in the $PATH environment variable).

The following are almost the same, they execute a shell script (not a binary!) in the current shell environment. A small difference between the two lines are described on this Unix.SE question.

. path/to/script
source path/to/script

Finally you mentioned sh script. Again, this only works for shell scripts and not binaries. You are basically executing the sh program with the script name as argument. In the case of sh, it just treats this argument as shell script and executes it.

For answers restricted to shellscripts, see Different ways to execute a shell script.


The best way to do this is to build and install Xcursor Viewer.
I'm on Pop OS 20.10, but this shouldn't bee too different. I had to flop around trying to find the correct packages to install, and I bet they weren't all necessary; here's what I did (figured out some of the missing dependencies here):
Install likely dependencies:
sudo apt install cmake qtattributionsscanner-qt5 qtchooser qt5-qmake-bin qt5-qmake qttools5-dev-tools libqt5svg5-dev cmake-qt-gui libqt5concurrent5 libqt5designer5 libqt5designercomponents5 libqt5opengl5-dev libqt5help5 libqt5opengl5 qdoc-qt5 qhelpgenerator-qt5 qt5-assistant qt5-default libqt5sensors5 libqt5webkit5 libmng2 libllvm10 libclang1-10 libglu1-mesa-dev libvulkan-dev

Next, make a folder to put the source code. Like ~/work/
cd ~/work && git clone https://github.com/drizt/xcursor-viewer.git

Then
cmake .

If all goes well, it will say:
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/YOURUSERNAME/work/git/xcursor-viewer

Then you can just tell it:
make

It will put the executable xcursor-viewer in the same directory.
Once it's built, to run it:
./xcursor-viewer

Click the button, and navigate to the folder with the cursors. The one that says cursors, inside the named directory.

Click Open, and you'll see all the cursors from that theme:

To open the image files
Now you know where they are, what they're named and what they look like. The cursor image files are "X11 cursor" format. GIMP and Glimpse can open these.


input / output error, drives randomly refusing to read / write

you can checkout the disk by using a disk scanner whether its working or not..


How to get the terminal text those are overflowed during command execution?

When typing your command pipe it into "less" this allows you to scroll with the up/down arrows for example: ls -l|less Assuming you are talking about the standard bash terminal that is, which you probably are.


One simple command, httpe isn't a valid protocol:

sudo sed -i 's/httpe:/http:/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt-get update

And now, it seems, that you have Trusty installed and Raring repositories in your sources.list

If you do not need this repositories, then remove the lines with

sudo sed -i '/raring/d' /etc/apt/sources.list


Can I rearrange Unity lenses on the launcher?

It's currently not possible to rearrange lenses in 11.04.


There should not be any old repos after an upgrade.

The "Cdrom" is not a repo. You can delete it if you want.


Solved it finally:

(Follow the steps serially)

1. For gtk3 programs such as rhythmbox and online accounts:

First you need to enter proxy settings in network settings (along with authentication):

Then apply system wide.

2. For apt,software center etc

edit the file /etc/apt/apt.conf

And then replace all the existing text by the following lines

Acquire::http::proxy "http://username:password@host:port/";
Acquire::ftp::proxy "ftp://username:password@host:port/";
Acquire::https::proxy "https://username:password@host:port/";

3. Environment variables

edit the file /etc/environment

And then add the following lines after PATH="something here"

http_proxy=http://username:password@host:port/
ftp_proxy=ftp://username:password@host:port/
https_proxy=https://username:password@host:port/

That's all..


When installing mysql workbench I get the following error

You can run this command that should fix package dependencies:

sudo apt-get install -f

and then run the installation command

sudo dpkg -i mysql-workbench-community-6.3.6-1ubu1510-amd64.deb

(I'm supposing you downloaded .deb file from mysql website, you're running Ubuntu 15.10 and your terminal is in the same directory of mysql workbench installation file)

If you want more information about apt-get command or dpkg command you can read the manual running these commands:

man apt-get

man dpkg

I've just got the same installation issue it on my machine and I've resolved the problem in this way.

I hope this could help you.


17.10 Display Settings - Missing Apply Button

Whether or not it is the proper solution, I downloaded ARandr to modify Xrandr settings and was able to set up the proper display ordering and resolutions on my 2 external monitors outside of the gnome display settings.

I still have a bit of a scale issue, but I think that will be tolerable until I find a better way to set scale percentage.


vsftpd hanging when using pam_exec or pam_script

I know this question was asked a while back but I ran into similar issues on Debian, namely hanging vsftpd process when adding pam_exec to the chain.
For me the issue was that it was not enough to add

session_support=YES

to the vsftpd config file but to also put

@include common-session

into /etc/pam.d/vsftpd which I had commented out following some guides about virtual-only users for vsftpd.
So the complete pam file looks like this for me:

auth    required        pam_listfile.so item=user sense=deny file=/etc/ftpusers onerr=succeed
auth    required        pam_pwdfile.so pwdfile=/etc/ftppasswd
account required        pam_permit.so
session optional        pam_exec.so type=close_session log=/var/log/session.log /etc/pam_session.sh
@include common-session

(My use case is to process uploaded files once a specific ftp user logs out)


First make sure your have cifs-utils installed. Its not installed by default - god knows why.

sudo apt install cifs-utils

Then you might want to try to add uid and gid. If you are the first user it would be 1000 for both. If that is not enough, try the sec=ntlm

//myserver/media  /NAS/media/  cifs  credentials=/root/.windows,uid=1000,gid=1000,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm  0  0

Sometimes I find that it does not work. I guess networking system is up too late for fstab, but when I run

sudo mount -a

it connects.

Help it helps
CatMan


Will there be a 'Home' icon on the launcher of desktop-unity?

As documented in the the blueprint the default items in the launcher for 11.04 will be:

nautilus on both cases
firefox
tomboy
ubuntu one

The "nautilus" will be a shortcut to your home folder. The "both cases" means it will be there whether you're on a netbook or a normal desktop.


You launch the software center, search for software, select "install" if you found something you want, enter your password and it'll be installed after it downloaded the applications you want to install.

After you installed graphical applications, they usually go straight to you launcher (the bar on the left from which you can launch applications). If it isn't there, press super (also called "Windows Key" since it has a Windows symbol on most keyboards) and type in the name of the application or something related to it (like "internet" for the browser) to make it show up. If it does show up, you simply take the symbol and drag it into the launcher. If you want to remove something from the launcher, right-click it and select "unlock from launcher".


Incorrect port, user and password for my futon couchdb.html

Well, it was really quite simple; just delete the cookies from localhost. (If you have other local webuis running, you might want to manually find the one that points to _utils.) After doing so, the next time you login it will ask for a confirmation and it will remember the username, password and port to connect to.


How to merge two files as alternative lines?

Using GNU sed, you can read and insert one line from the second file after every other line ("two skip two") of the first:

$ sed '2~2R file2.txt' file1.txt
A a aa
B b bb
E e ee
C c cc
D d dd
F f ff

Slightly more long-winded implementation of the same in awk:

awk '{print} !(NR%2) {if ((getline < "file2.txt") > -1) print}' file1.txt


I'm on Windows10 and we are using the following working samba config

[global]

   workgroup = WORKGROUP
   server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)
   netbios name = FileServer
   wins support = yes
   dns proxy = no

   name resolve order = lmhots host wins bcast

   interfaces = 192.168.0.1/24 eth0
   bind interfaces only = yes

   log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
   max log size = 1000

   syslog = 0

   panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d

   server role = standalone server
   passdb backend = tdbsam
   obey pam restrictions = yes
   unix password sync = yes

   passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
   passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .

   pam password change = yes
   map to guest = bad user

   usershare allow guests = yes

[printers]
   comment = All Printers
   browseable = no
   path = /var/spool/samba
   printable = yes
   guest ok = no
   read only = yes
   create mask = 0700

# Windows clients look for this share name as a source of downloadable
# printer drivers
[print$]
   comment = Printer Drivers
   path = /var/lib/samba/printers
   browseable = yes
   read only = yes
   guest ok = no

[MY_SHARE]
    writeable = yes
    path = <your/File/Path>
    comment = Fileserver
    guest account = <validUser>
    wide links = no
    security = user

Maybe it helps you finding a solution. Note that especially in the global section your config seems very short to me


How can i make a command stay active after a restart to the computer?

Depends on the command. If X doesn't need to be running to do it, and it can be run as root, just add it to /etc/rc.local.


Ubuntu 14.10 add and remove icons from the system tray

Dconf-editor can be used in this case. Have a look at the guide here: http://www.adminreseau.fr/unity-global-menu-can-now-be-disabled-for-individual-applications-ubuntu-14-04-trusty-tahr/


Enable the Universe repo and try again!

HOWTO

You can quick enable from a terminal with this command:

sudo software-properties-gtk -e universe

After that issue:

sudo apt-get update

and try again!


my ubuntu 12.04 takes hours before it load

Updating to Ubuntu 14.04 will most likely solve your problem. However I would also suggest checking your partitions for errors, it looks like you may have a few HDD errors(IE: running out of space, broken files, ect...).


Can RC6 (GPU power management) status be changed during runtime?

You can also do:

sudo modinfo i915 | grep "i915_enable_rc6"

You would see this:

    parm:           i915_enable_rc6:Enable power-saving render C-state 6.
    Different stages can be selected via bitmask values (0 = disable; 1 = enable rc6;
2 = enable deep rc6; 4 = enable deepest rc6).
    For example, 3 would enable rc6 and deep rc6, and 7 would enable everything.
    default: -1 (use per-chip default) (int)

I think that answers your question : )


App Won't Start On Bootup When Using Cron

cron jobs do not have access to the gui ( if there even is one ).  If you want to run a gui app each time you log in to the gui, then use the startup applications tool.


Changing shell colors: "dircolors -b command not found"

My final set-up. I used this command to create the dircolors config file in my user directory.

dircolors -p > ~/.dircolors

I then edited my .bashrc. The if condition was substantially different to my final if condition, I spotted the correct place by looking for:

# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases

I then changed that section to:

# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases
if [ "$TERM" != "dumb" ]; then
    [ -e "$HOME/.dircolors" ] && DIR_COLORS="$HOME/.dircolors"
    [ -e "$DIR_COLORS" ] || DIR_COLORS=""
    eval "`dircolors -b $DIR_COLORS`"
    alias ls='ls --color=auto'
    #alias dir='ls --color=auto --format=vertical'
    #alias vdir='ls --color=auto --format=long'
fi

The crucial piece I got wrong was I used single quotations ' instead of backticks (See @steeldriver comment, I can't get them to print out), in the following line.

    eval "`dircolors -b $DIR_COLORS`"


You need to tell the install command what to install.

sudo apt-get install nginx


Since August I can't upgrade the kernel any more

You have to install package linux-generic. This package will always depend on the latest complete generic Linux kernel and headers.

Some additional info:

# sudo aptitude show linux-generic
...
Dependencies: linux-image-generic (= 3.8.0.30.48), linux-headers-generic (= 3.8.0.30.48)
...
#sudo aptitude show linux-image-generic
...
Dependencies: linux-image-3.8.0-30-generic, linux-image-extra-3.8.0-30-generic, linux-firmware
...
#sudo aptitude show linux-headers-generic
...
Dependencies: linux-headers-3.8.0-30-generic
...

Hint for newbies: use sudo apt-get install (package) to install packages in Ubuntu.


Trouble creating fat32 partition larger than 1 TiB with gpt partition table using gparted

gParted will NOT let you format a disk beyond the limits of that filesystem. fat32 is not the correct filesystem for this (32 Gb is the max volume size). It probably is exFat you need (Windows will silently format it into exFat and call it fat32) exFat is not supported in gParted.

fat32 is obsolete. Prone to filesystem errors and it is slow.

  I have no trouble creating a 6TiB partition using ext4 instead of fat32 but since I want to access the disk from both ubuntu and windows I would rather use fat32.

Ever heard of NTFS? Is supported by both Windows and Ubuntu (Linux in general even).


The default key combination for switching between keyboards in Ubuntu is Alt + Shift. Have you tried this?


You could use PyRenamer, a Python based tool for massive file renaming


How does command-not-found determines if user is administrator

Difference probably occurs because you use different bash versions or different shells. Use:

echo $SHELL
bash --version

to check your current shell and/or your current bash version.


Here's the answer I got from a member of the mailing list:

  It'an issue of The SupeeAMOLED HD display I think, it's not a fault of
  Ubuntu Touch or android. Your only possibility is to take your device
  to Samsung service. Mine too had this issue, they repaired it without
  any charge but your warranty must be valid. Unlocked bootloader,
  custom ROM or root does not invalidate warranty on nexus devices.


This seems to be a bug.

You can use any lightweight web-browser like epiphany-browser for this purpose.


12.10 Black screen on boot after unplugging external monitor

A quick and dirty method

Boot into recovery
Select 'root'
Remount root partition as writable

mount -o remount,rw /

Backup, but remove your xorg.conf

mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak

Reboot

Plan ahead

Do some research on Disper and see if it can ease your monitor woes once you've gotten back on your system.  You might find this post informative.


Changing Launchpad username, and How to know what sites will be affected?

If you get the message

  "Because you have a Launchpad account, you need to change your username from Launchpad."

from https://login.launchpad.net/, go to
https://launchpad.net/ and go to your profile and then click on "Change details" (leads to https://launchpad.net/~[[username]]/+edit )

Here you can change your username, but you will get a warning:

  Changing your name will change your public OpenID identifier. This means that you might be locked out of certain sites where you used it, or that somebody could create a new profile with the same name and log in as you on these third-party sites. See https://help.launchpad.net/OpenID#rename-account for more information.

Click again "Save anyway".


It is so imprecise to create a technical term **tty name** in **w** command

ps -el|grep -e lxsession -e "CMD"
F S   UID   PID  PPID  C PRI  NI ADDR SZ WCHAN  TTY          TIME CMD
4 S  1000  1609  1597  0  80   0 - 91715 -      ?        00:00:00 lxsession

The lxsession is a daemon which  has no controlling terminal,so can't yield info such as ttynumber(from 1 till 7) or pts/number.
w yield  :0 ,meaning local:display #0 ,to describe the fact on the hardware side.
It's my problem not developer's.


How to make blender confirm closing an unsaved file?

Upgrade to 2.80, at least when it comes out. Yes this has finally been added to the next major release due out later this year.

Unfortunately this is the way blender has always worked, it wants you to be sure you want to save your data and will throw it out without a second thought. The current versions have some limited modification checking for windows but not other platforms.

Blender does have some autosave features that can help recover data in some situations, so if you think of it right away, you can access a save that was done before blenders previous quit, if you open and close blender again before thinking of it, it will be gone, but you could have other autosave copies available until you restart your machine. You can change the autosave location so that these are available for longer.


You must have forgotten the step where you download the init script:

wget https://library.linode.com/web-servers/nginx/php-fastcgi/reference/php-fastcgi-init-deb.sh
mv php-fastcgi-init-deb.sh /etc/init.d/php-fastcgi
chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fastcgi


Is it better to choose Nvidia's proprietary drivers(319) by ubuntu repo over Bumblebee?

Short answer: no, stick to bumblebee

Nvidia are starting to release support for optimus graphics cards but this is still really really limited compared to what bumblebee can do for you. You will be still installing Nvidia drivers with bumblebee - but it will be managed by bumblebee itself.

Its not hard to install bumblebee on Ubuntu, there are some instructions here if you would like to take a look at them.


I had similar problem with another Realtek adapter RTL8187SE (using r8187se as the default driver provided by ubuntu). Using the windows (xp) driver with ndiswrapper-1.58rc1 resolved the problem.  I couldn't use the official ndiswrapper or ndisgtk (v1.57 from ubuntu repo).  For details see the solution in this post.


I have ripped the official Yaru icon theme from 19.04. Here is how you can get it on 18.04:

Download Yaru.zip from http://gg.gg/YaruTheme. If you see "Google Drive can't scan this file for viruses", just ignore it and download anyway.
Extract the Yaru folder from the archive.
Press CTRL+H in Nautilus to show hidden folders.
Click on the Yaru folder and hit CTRL+C to copy it.
From the home directory, go to .local/share/icons
Inside this folder, hit CTRL+V to paste the Yaru folder.
Install Tweaks with sudo apt install gnome-tweaks.
Open Tweaks and go to the Appearance tab
Change the "Icons" dropdown from Adwaita to Yaru.
Done! You should now see your icons have changed to the Yaru icon theme.


Redirect output and save to remote server?

Sure, if you use a command with ssh that writes to the file:

sudo tcpdump ... 2>&1 | ssh ... user@hostname tee /some/file
sudo tcpdump ... 2>&1 | ssh ... user@hostname 'cat > /some/file'

With nc, you'd have to have something on the server listening:

# on server
nc -l <port> > /some/file
# on client
sudo tcpdump ... 2>&1 | nc <host> <port>


Unknown policy-vendor error in snap package review

This should work. Snaps built using snapcraft should pass reviews using the latest click-reviewers-tools. If in doubt, check out the source using
bzr branch lp:click-reviewers-tools
cd click-reviewers-tools
./bin/snap-review <your.snap>


Booting to Linux leads to empty screen and blinking underscore

you can fix it by booting with a live CD. Then mount the partition that contains your ubuntu installation somewhere, then chroot into it and edit /boot/grub/grub.cfg to correct the menu entry.

So, once you've booted the live CD version (you can boot from an USB drive also) do the following:

ls /dev - see all sdx drives you got there
mount /dev/sdx /mnt/ - where sdx is the partition containing your ubuntu root filesystem
mount --bind /proc /mnt
mount --bind /dev /mnt
mount --bind /sys /mnt
chroot /mnt
apt-get install --reinstall grub
vi /boot/grub/grub.cfg - edit the menuentry section to fix your boot

hope this helps


A short way is to use:

[[ ":$PATH:" =~ ":/new-directory:" ]] || PATH="/new-directory:$PATH"

Explanations:

First command, the [[ conditional command, is for test.
The =~ binary operator return 0 if the string from the right which is considered  an  extended  regular  expression matches the string from the left, and 1 otherwise.
If the test is not passed (/new-directory was not found in PATH), thanks to the || logical OR control operator, the second command is executed: PATH="/new-directory:$PATH".

Observations:

You should always use quotes when you assign a string to a variable, even if the string is another variable: PATH="/new-directory:$PATH".
In general is better to add a new directory to the PATH environment variable in front to others directories, not after:  PATH="/new-directory:$PATH". This because directories at the beginning of PATH take precedence over those that come later.


Profile picture, whats the point, whats it used for?

The old gnome panel used to show the user profile in the power off /reboot etc menu. Also, it may be used by login managers, but not lightdm as far as I know (which is default in your version of Ubuntu). It's more a legacy option than anything, but if you installed KDE or other DE it may show up.

If you're curious, your profile pictures is stored as a hidden file in your home, called .face (without any extension). You can open it with:

gnome-open ~/.face


Compiled mysql conflicts with already existing mysql

This can be rectified by the following steps

sudo apt-get purge mysql-server mysql-client mysql-common mysql-client-5.5 mysql-server-5.5 mysql-client-5.6 mysql-server-5.6
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean

Clean the residue of the previous and the conflict installation

sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql

Install the new version
    sudo apt-get install mysql-server5.6 mysql-common mysql-client

Link and restart the apparmor

sudo ln -s /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld /etc/apparmor.d/disable/usr.sbin.mysqld
sudo /etc/init.d/apparmor restart

Now check the installation It will do good


Is it possible to have Windows 7 installer files and Ubuntu installer files on the same bootable USB drive?

YUMI (Your Universal Multiboot Installer), is the successor to MultibootISOs. It can be used to create a Multiboot USB Flash Drive containing multiple operating systems, antivirus utilities, disc cloning, diagnostic tools, and more. Contrary to MultiBootISO's which used grub to boot ISO files directly from USB, YUMI uses syslinux to boot extracted distributions stored on the USB device, and reverts to using grub to Boot Multiple ISO files from USB, if necessary.1

To Download

1Source:YUMI – Multiboot USB Creator


Why can't I copy data from my computer to an external drive?

If it is a NTFS drive(common windows partition) you can install support

sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g

This should help you to transfer data to your external drive

Otherwise, to go between windows mac and Linux is FAT32, Make sure there is no data on the drive before formating the drive, there are other limitations with this format such as speed and single files over 4GB.

And if it is a Western Digital drive there are other problems, aka a lot of posts like this "Can't Mount Western Digital My passport external Hard drive". the WD drives come with "smart ware" which has password software and stuff, to use it on linux you need to run the software on windows(or mac if your using) to disable this stuff and use it as a normal drive
how-to-reomove-wd-smartware-virtual-drive

once it opens as a regular drive in windows(without wd software) you should be able to get it going with the ntfs drivers (paste the code in the terminal).

If this doesn't help please post specifics about what drive it is or what it is doing.


It looks like a bug and affects me too.
Switching to SDDM works for me. Switching from lightdm to SDDM is as follows:

Run the following and select sddm, and then do a restart:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

Then select sddm.


How do I restore /usr/bin/env after overwriting it with start-tor-browser file

/usr/bin/env is provided by the coreutils package. karel's way using a single command will likely work, but I suggest replacing /usr/bin/env with a symbolic link to /bin/busybox first, in case a removal or installation script attempts to use env (which is generally assumed to be present).

First move the wrong file you put there aside, or delete it if you know you don't need that file. This renames it from env to env.old:

sudo mv /usr/bin/env{,.old}

Then make /usr/bin/env a symbolic link to /bin/busybox. When run with the name env, busybox will behave as the env command:

sudo ln -s /bin/busybox /usr/bin/env

Then perform the reinstallation. The symbolic link you have just created will be used if necessary, will have no ill effect if it wasn't needed, and will be replaced automatically with the proper env executable installed from the coreutils package:

sudo apt --reinstall install coreutils

In general, if you need to know what package provides a file, you can run dpkg -S /path/to/file (in this case, dpkg -S /usr/bin/env), which works so long as the package is installed even if the file itself has been damaged or deleted. Or you can use the Search the contents of packages section of Ubuntu Packages Search, which does not require that you use the full path; you would just select your Ubuntu release and type in env.


The "Sorry there is nothing that matches your search" message seems to me to be from the dash search and not from a terminal.

The start command for apache2 needs to be typed in a terminal session so press Ctrl+Alt+T to get into a terminal and execute

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 start


Ubuntu Alignment - Installation program does not like my hdd

You have a native 4K disk (aka "advanced format"). The installer seems to be disoriented; for reasons unknown the disk reports a wrong optimal I/O size, and the installer, being a simple minded program, believes it.

(This is actually quite common when installing on a storage device which is not a plain old 512-byte-per-sector disk. I've seen it on a Kingston SSD, for example.)

Don't believe the message about alignment; in particular, the optimal_io_size of 33553920 bytes is manifestly obviously bogus: that number translates to 32 MiB − 512 bytes, which is impossible on a native 4K disk; such a disk cannot read or write less than 4 KiB!

Instead, make sure your partitions are aligned to a multiple of 4 KiB (or 1 MiB if you want to be very conservative).

If you are installing the desktop version of Ubuntu I would suggest booting into a live session ("Try Ubuntu"), then making the partition(s) using Gparted (it's preinstalled in the live session), then start the installation and choose "Manual" partitioning and ignore the bogus message about misalignment.


When I open gedit from terminal, I am unable to use terminal for anything else until I close gedit. Why?

Why does this happen?

When you just run:

 gedit filename

it runs the process in foreground. To send it to the background and continue using terminal, use:

gedit filename &

Note that this (and of course the one above) will run gedit as a sub-process of your terminal, so when you exit the terminal it will also exit gedit.

So to run it 'gracefully', use:

nohup gedit >/dev/null &

nohup will run gedit detached from terminal and hence it is immune to hangups. >/dev/null redirects the stdout to a special location dev/null, thereby preventing the creation of a nohup.out file.

See man nohup and this question for more information.


How to open the additional drivers window using command line

In a terminal, enter the following command:

software-properties-gtk --open-tab=4

0 = Ubuntu Software
1 = Other Software
2 = Updates
3 = Authentication
4 = Additional Drivers


How do I move my / partition without moving my /home?

Tl;dr, my issue was that the Ubuntu instructions assumed I had MBR, which I did not. I had GPT/EFI, as @PaulBenson pointed out.

I was able to edit the UUID and partition in this file /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/grub.cfg which allowed me to boot from the new root partition. After that, I still could not log in, because it thought that my entire home partition was /home, when in fact, it was an entire system, including /home. So I went into TTY1 and deleted the old OS files (risky, I know) and moved my home folder(s) from /home/{username} to /{username} on my /home partition. Rebooted and it works. This is assuming that all the correct links and auto-mounts are set.


You can (at least temporarily, until the app's next update, then you might have to do this again) solve this by adding --force-device-scale-factor=2 as a command line parameter.
This can be done by editing the specific app's (e.g. KeepassXC) .desktop file.
To find and edit it, follow those steps in a terminal (ctrl + alt + t):
List the files to find the desktop file to edit:
ls /var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications

Open gedit as admin (sudo can't [EDIT: couldn't, at least back in 2018] open graphical apps on Wayland. If you're on X, you can also use sudo instead of the admin:// pseudo-protocol), for example:
gedit admin:///var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications/spotify_spotify.desktop

At the Exec= line, add --force-device-scale-factor=2 before %U
Exec=env BAMF_DESKTOP_FILE_HINT=/var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications/spotify_spotify.desktop /snap/bin/spotify --force-device-scale-factor=2 %U


GRUB could not find Windows 7 after installing Ubuntu - RAID 0

Do not manually edit your /boot/grub/grub.cfg. Since grub2 (around 2009) this file is automatically overwritten in several events (kernel updates, for example).

If you want grub to scan your hard drives and look for OSes, try this:

sudo update-grub

This will re-generate your grub.cfg with all entries the probe finds. If you want to customize how this is done, try editing this file: /etc/defaults/grub. This is the one config file meant to be edited by user/admin.

You may also enable or disable the executable bit in the files at /etc/grub.d. You can also edit or create new files there to include manual entries. The latter is precisely what /etc/grub.d/40_custom is for.

You may also check this wiki, it has everything and more you might want to know about grub2


usb boot flash drive with extra space on it. Can it be used?

It depends on the partition table and file system in the USB drive. Do I understand correctly that you have a multiboot system in it? In that case I am almost sure that you can edit the partition table, either change the size of one of the partitions or add a partition. This should be done, when you have booted from another drive. You can use gparted to do it (it comes with the Ubuntu iso files).

But if you have a live-only boot drive with an ISO 9660 file system, the partition table is read-only. In this case you can create a new persistent live USB boot system into it. mkusb can create such a system with one partition for persistence, 'casper-rw', and another partition for storage and communication with Windows, 'usbdata'.

If you post the output of the following command lines, I can give better advice,

sudo parted -ls
sudo lsblk -f
sudo lsblk -m


Fresh 20.04.2 install fails to boot after nvidia driver install

When there is GPU drivers in play, there is a golden boot settings : nomodeset
This will basically disable any hardware acceleration before the X server starts (and sometimes will disable all hardware acceleration see this for more info)
Here are the steps :

With the selector on your main GRUB entry press e to enter the editor
Find the entry that starts with linux
Delete quiet splash (or anything you have at the end of the line, but not touching any word that starts with a $) from the line (don't worry the change is only going to last one boot) replacing it with nomodeset (the line should look like this

linux   /boot/vmlinuz-5.9.12-050912-generic root=UUID=<REDACTED> ro nomodeset $vt_handoff

Boot using F10 and wait to be spawned to the DE (if you don't no worry, stike Ctrl-Alt-F2 to enter the tty)

Then try this NOTE : Replace gedit with nano, especially if you're running Wayland (Wayland can be an horror with proprietary drivers, and GUI apps that require root privileges)
If it doesn't work make a full reinstall of the drivers (see here (omit the secure boot part))


I assume that you are using default Ubuntu.
The problem could be, that Network Manager has not all plugins.
In 16.04 there is no default Network Manager L2TP/IPsec plugin.
It was first introduced in 17.04.
So you have somehow installed L2TP/IPsec plugin or you are using other third-party software than Network Manager.

So try to install this third-party software.
Or in 18.04 for Network-Manager there is L2TP/IPsec plugin.

You can install them with this terminal command:

sudo apt install network-manager-l2tp network-manager-l2tp-gnome

Next reboot your 18.04 PC and try again.
If it fails, post your logs from log viewer when you are trying to establish VPN connection.


Can not install phpmyadmin Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

You should try to install php from ondrej repo

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install php5.6

Else use aptitude to install any missing dependence automatically

install it via sudo apt-get install aptitude then do sudo aptitude phpmyadmin,then it will show you any conflicts that are there and options to fix them


How to set password for administrator account created without password?

well I would presume that if it doesn't ask for a password you dont need to enter one... I may be wrong, If I am you'll probably allready be saying "I did that it didn't work" but what the heck, it was worth a try...


apt-get install fails to create dependency tree every time

Well, today I had some 'fun' with something that looks exactly the same problem that you had!
This is what happened to me after trying a upgrade:
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 : Depends: linux-image-4.15.0-34-generic but it is not installed
 linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-34-generic : Depends: linux-image-4.15.0-34-generic but it is not installed or
                                                  linux-image-unsigned-4.15.0-34-generic but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.

Then if I tried to fix dependencies with -f...
$ sudo apt-get -f install
... (some extra prints not relevant) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-4.15.0-34-generic_4.15.0-34.37~16.04.1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 cannot copy extracted data for './boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-34-generic' to '/boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-34-generic.dpkg-new': failed to write (No space left on device)

Which clame that it does not have space! quite true indeed...my boot is now full. Let's try to clean-up some space...
$ sudo apt-get autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 : Depends: linux-image-4.15.0-34-generic but it is not installed
 linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-34-generic : Depends: linux-image-4.15.0-34-generic but it is not installed or
                                                  linux-image-unsigned-4.15.0-34-generic but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.

Upps...I can't! Also 'ubuntu-cleaner' (janitor) did not work either...

Solution...
To summarize, I found the solution in this link: LINK - Remove Old Kernels
What I had to do is manually deleting the kernels...so I followed the recommended steps.
Check your current kernel:
$ uname -r
4.15.0-33-generic

Print all available kernels. Choose some to delete... NEVER DELETE THE ONE YOU'RE NOW USING! (in my example 4.15.0-33).
$ dpkg -l | tail -n +6 | grep -E 'linux-image-[0-9]+'
ii  linux-image-4.13.0-43-generic              4.13.0-43.48~16.04.1                         amd64        Linux kernel image for version 4.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-4.13.0-45-generic              4.13.0-45.50~16.04.1                         amd64        Linux kernel image for version 4.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-4.15.0-24-generic              4.15.0-24.26~16.04.1                         amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-4.15.0-29-generic              4.15.0-29.31~16.04.1                         amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-4.15.0-30-generic              4.15.0-30.32~16.04.1                         amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-4.15.0-32-generic              4.15.0-32.35~16.04.1                         amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-4.15.0-33-generic              4.15.0-33.36~16.04.1                         amd64        Signed kernel image generic

Purge some kernels...
$ sudo update-initramfs -d -k linux-image-4.13.0-43-generic
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-linux-image-4.13.0-43-generic

$ sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-4.13.0-43-generic linux-image-extra-4.13.0-43-generic
(Reading database ... 434301 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing linux-image-extra-4.13.0-43-generic (4.13.0-43.48~16.04.1) ...
...

Now, I had enough space to try to fix the dependencies...
$ sudo apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  linux-headers-4.13.0-43 linux-headers-4.13.0-43-generic linux-headers-4.15.0-24 linux-headers-4.15.0-24-generic linux-headers-4.15.0-29
  linux-headers-4.15.0-29-generic linux-headers-4.15.0-30
  ...

Free to go! With a bit of luck your dependencies are now fixed. You can issue your update/install as usual.
$ sudo apt-get update
...
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
...

At this step I also issue an sudo apt-get autoremove which actually worked and it cleaned up all previous kernels.
Please, have a look at the link for more info.
Good luck!


How to configure which notifications are skipped in xfce4-notifyd (Lubuntu 12.10)?

As I disable the vpn notification, I found the solution prompted by this thread. Open gconf-editor, expand apps, expand nm-applet, you will see the entry of 'disable-vpn-notifications'. Modify the value to undo it.


Installation from usb option doesn't show up when I restart

First you need to create Bootable usb

Download Ubuntu Desktop
Open the Terminal (in /Applications/Utilities/ or query Terminal in Spotlight).
Convert the .iso file to .img using the convert option of hdiutil e.g.,

$ hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o ~/path/to/target.img ~/path/to/ubuntu.iso

Note: OS X tends to put the .dmg ending on the output file automatically.
Run

diskutil list

to get the current list of devices.
Insert your flash media.
Run

diskutil list

again and determine the device node assigned to your flash media (e.g. /dev/disk2).
Run

diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN

(replace N with the disk number from the last command; in the previous example, N would be 2).
Execute

sudo dd if=/path/to/downloaded.img of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1m

(replace /path/to/downloaded.img with the path where the image file is located; for example, ./ubuntu.img or ./ubuntu.dmg).
Using /dev/rdisk instead of /dev/disk may be faster
If you see the error dd: Invalid number '1m', you are using GNU dd. Use the same command but replace bs=1m with bs=1M
If you see the error dd: /dev/diskN: Resource busy, make sure the disk is not in use. Start the 'Disk Utility.app' and unmount (don't eject) the drive. Also be aware that you won't be able to see the progress of image creation and it may take up to an hour sometimes.
Run

diskutil eject /dev/diskN

and remove your flash media when the command completes.
10
Restart your Mac and press alt/option key while the Mac is restarting to choose the USB stick.

Instructions taken from official docs here.

Also check that you can choose which device you want to boot from from boot menu (do not change the default instead use something like F12 to choose the device) this will depend on the model of pc.


Using 12.04 LTS network manager mixing up login and wifi passwords

I think there is a simple answer to this.

When you open the browser have you ever been prompted to insert you user password to unlock the keyring? To me this happens quite often.

It's also possible for NM to prompt asking for Wifi password (probably due to failed Wifi authentication ), and I can tell you the prompts are very similar in look.

So, maybe, you entered your login password to unlock the keyring while you were changing the wifi password instead. It has happened top me.
That explains why you find your login password in NM.


How do I get rid of the Bitstream Vera font in Google Chrome?

Clay: some websites may be explicitly requesting "serif" or another font that does not map to "sans-serif/Ubuntu".  Is that the case?


NetworkManager writing to resolv.conf every reboot, breaking dnsmasq?

Same problem with dnsmasq:

Edit /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.confand after [Main] add or change to dns=none. Save the file.
Execute systemctl restart NetworkManager.service (please note uppercase and lowercase).
Edit /etc/resolv.conf with your values. Save the file.

Optional testing: reboot and confirm.

Hope be useful, thanks for your attention.


How to submit article in reddit for the app showdown?

Yes i know there is no reason to submit it in reddit but for example omgubuntu said that at 1st week these applications have been submitted, ( based on reddit ). Anywho i will see what i can do..


I believe the answer you're looking for is here.

After you follow the steps, do the Ubuntu Tweak thing.

I believe Ubuntu Tweak is not working correctly because of the Dynamic Background that the Unity Greeter has. If you try this let us know the result. Have a good day.


How can I prevent auto-mounting of a partition in fstab?

In order to avoid this issue make sure of 2 things:

The partition is not mounted in /media
The the name of the target
mount directory is different than the partition label value

Check entry in /etc/fstab:

user@raspberrypi:/ $ cat /etc/fstab
/dev/sda1     /media/st1       ntfs-3g noauto,rw         0       0

Check the label of the partition:

user@raspberrypi:/ $ sudo ntfslabel -f /dev/sda1
st1

Since the name of target mount directory (/media/st1) equals the partition label (st1), the partition will continue to mount automatically despite the noauto parameter in /etc/fstab.

Let's do something to avoid the automatic mount. Create a new directory in /mnt:

user@raspberrypi:/ $ sudo mkdir /mnt/testdir

Edit the /etc/fstab entry:

/dev/sda1     /mnt/testdir       ntfs-3g auto,rw         0       0

Finally change the label of the partition and reboot:

user@raspberrypi:/ $ sudo ntfslabel /dev/sda1 "new_label"

user@raspberrypi:/ $ sudo reboot

The partition shouldn't be mounted automatically anymore.


Is it possible to make Ubuntu look like the login screen?

Try Unity Tweaks, available in the Ubuntu Apps Store. You might not be able to change some things that you want, but there will another thing you can change to make it more like you want (that's the cool thing about linux).


It appears that you cannot have special characters in your admin secret password.

Bug report: https://github.com/Ubuntu-Solutions-Engineering/openstack-installer/issues/672


How to prevent right-click opening new terminal instance

This is due to the fact that even if you might not notice it, your click becomes a double click, because sometimes we don't press the button firmly enough. So the first click opens the menu, and the second one opens the first item on it, which is "open new terminal", even if you don't get to see the menu because it's too fast.

You could try to adjust the variable multiClickTime to, lets say, 800 milliseconds:

echo "*multiClickTime: 800" >> $HOME/.Xresources

This basically ignores any click unless it's been at least 800 milliseconds since the last one (almost a second). You can lower the value if you think is too long.

Hope it helps.


Can't restore Windows 8 after installing xubuntu 14.04

if you have windows 8 CD than you can recover your windows.

for this you have to follow this steps.

Boot from the Windows install or repair CD appropriate to you version of Windows.

For Windows 8:

1 – Boot from repair disc > Choose Keyboard type > click Troubleshoot > click Advanced options > choose Automatic Repair
if that fails then use:
2 -Boot from Recovery disc or Install disc

-Boot from repair disc > Chose Keyboard type > click Troubleshoot > click Advanced options > choose Command Prompt

or

-Boot from Install disc > Click Next > click Repair your computer > click Troubleshoot > click Advanced options > choose Command Prompt

type > bootrec /fixmbr (writes mbr but does not overwrite partition table)

type > bootrec /fixboot (writes new boot sector to system partition)

type > bootrec /scanos (scans for other OS’s that you might want to add to bcd)

(personally I find the above unneeded and only use the last step)

type > bootrec /rebuildbcd (scans for other OS’s, unlike rebuildbcd it allows you to select the OS’s you want to add to bcd)

Reboot

i hope that will work for you.


Unable to use same USB key between Ubuntu and Windows

Does Ubuntu recognize it as NTFS? I like to use gparted for my disk management. I also use it to view disk properties, including the partition layout, file system type, partition sizes, space available, etc.

You could also try deleting and recreating the partition on the drive with gparted, then format it with Windows, then try again. If that still fails, format it with gparted (it can format NTFS.)


When I open a menu in codeblocks' title bar, the new window shows nothing and cannot be closed

I'm getting this too... so frustrating. I'd like to be able to use it : / at this point, it's unusable, as every time I go to open a new window, there is a high chance it will be unresponsive and blank.


How to automatically install a program bash suggests I install?

If you set the environment variable COMMAND_NOT_FOUND_INSTALL_PROMPT to 1, like

export COMMAND_NOT_FOUND_INSTALL_PROMPT=1

you will be ask if you want to install the package:

me@myhost:~$ tiger
The program 'tiger' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:
sudo apt-get install tiger
Do you want to install it? (N/y)

If you answer y it will run

sudo apt-get install tiger

See How do I set environment variables? for how to set environment variables.


Back when I updated from Ubuntu 18.04 to 20.04 LTS [now 20.04.01] I noticed I have two "instances" of Firefox

Snap version is a snap variant of firefox ,meaning that it will be updated automatically , the apt version  will need to  update using apt-get upgrade . You can remove either  from using terminal (apt-get remove firefox or use the ubuntu store for the snap version)


Wubi install fails: Could not retrieve the required installation files

The CD in the E: drive is bad:

01-11 23:09 ERROR  CommonBackend: Invalid md5 for ISO C:\ubuntu\install\installation.iso
(5d5d1a7da2a0659b163d4f8bd70fbe6f != 99594c45a0175a5570cdcc5c9cb3ed8f)

Run wubi.exe without the CD in the computer and it will download a new one, or if you have the ISO you used to create the CD, run wubi.exe in the same directory as the ISO (also making sure the CD is removed).

If that ISO is also bad, then run wubi.exe with no ISO or CD present and it will download a new ISO.


I am not sure whether this solution work or not, after hours of debugging I have deleted the pulse audio config settings and boom!!!, it worked.

  Take backup before doing it and do it at your own risk

take a backup first

cp -r ~/.config/pulse ~/.config/pulse_bak

remove the pulse config

rm -rf ~/.config/pulse

Good luck


How can I allow a user to set ip interfaces

sudo is still the best way in my opinion. Make scripts that can only do what you want to allow the users to do, and then grant access with visudo to allow the specific users to run those specific scripts as root.
You say you don't want to run the whole script with sudo; the answer then will be to split out the parts that must be run as root into separate scripts, run those with sudo called from the user-facing script. Probably with NOPASSWD option of sudo if you don't want the user-facing script to present a sudo Password: prompt.
It will be a bad idea to give blanket root access to the ip command as someone could easily ruin the system's networking and very likely there is an arbitrary code execution method in there somewhere.