Java plugin no longer supported in firefox 52. Is there any other way to run java applets in firefox

The following steps should work (tested on Mint 18 based on Ubuntu 16.04LTS):

Download and extract the Firefox ESR install from here: https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/organizations/all/
Launch Firefox and type about:config in the location bar
Accept the risks and then add a key (right click mouse > New > Boolean)
Call the key plugin.load_flash_only and set it to false
Add a Firefox extension for switching the user agent eg. User-Agent Switcher
Set the user agent to an earlier version of Firefox on Linux eg. Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i586; rv:31.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/31.0
Close Firefox
Download the tar.gz JRE package for Linux on www.java.com and store the file in the folder Downloads in your home folder (ie. ~/Downloads). It will be of the form: jre-8u161-linux-i586.tar.gz for the 32 bit version. Choose the 32 bit or 64 bit version according to the version of Firefox ESR you downloaded.
Then do the following to extract the JRE in a shell (replacing with 64 bit versions if needed):

sudo mkdir -p -v /opt/java/32
cd ~/Downloads
tar -zxvf jre-8u161-linux-i586.tar.gz
sudo mv -v jre1.8.0_* /opt/java/32

Now the Java needs to be linked to Firefox. In a shell:

mkdir -p ~/.mozilla/plugins/
cd /opt/java/32/jre1.8.0_161
ln -sf $PWD/lib/i386/libnpjp2.so ~/.mozilla/plugins/

Launch Firefox and verify your Java version here: https://www.java.com/en/download/installed.jsp
If it doesn't work and the wrong Java plugin appears to be loaded eg. IcedTea, then remove them in a shell:

sudo apt-get remove icedtea-plugin
sudo apt-get remove icedtea-8-plugin
sudo apt-get remove icedtea-netx
sudo apt-get remove icedtea-netx-common

If Firefox or Java or audio in Java don't work, there may be missing dependencies. Try the below (remove :i386 for 64 bit):

sudo apt-get install libgtk-3-0:i386 libasound2:i386 libdbus-glib-1-2:i386 libxt6:i386 libxtst6:i386 libcanberra-gtk-module:i386 libcanberra-gtk3-module:i386 topmenu-gtk3:i386 libpangoxft-1.0-0:i386 libxft2:i386 libpangox-1.0-0:i386 libxmu6:i386 libxv1:i386 libasound2-plugins:i386


18.04 LTS - What was wrong with the December 11 pulseaudio update?

From a question I asked at https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pulseaudio/+question/687128 looks like 7.5 has problems with snaps

  see https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pulseaudio/+publishinghistory

  Removal requested on 2019-12-12. Deleted on 2019-12-12

  buggy SRU, pulls snapd due to the lib Recommends

and

  See also
  https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pulseaudio/+bug/1856054


How to programatically remove empty new lines from a file?

You can use grep for this purpose.

Try: grep -v ^$ filename.

Your command also seems to work:

$ cat t
123
123
123
123

123

123
$ sed '/^$/d' t
123
123
123
123
123
123
$ sed '/^$/d' t >tt
$ cat tt
123
123
123
123
123
123
$


ifconfig : Command 'ifconfig' is available in '/sbin/ifconfig'

Try the command below

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/sbin

OR (if you want to set all the paths)

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games


How do you install VS Code in Windows Subsystem for Linux 2?

You don't need the sudo apt install code as you already installed it.
Just type code
I get this :
$ code
To use Visual Studio Code with the Windows Subsystem for Linux, please install Visual
Studio Code in Windows and uninstall the Linux version in WSL. You can then use the
`code` command in a WSL terminal just as you would in a normal command prompt.

Do you want to continue anyway? [y/N] y
To no longer see this prompt, start Visual Studio Code with the environment variable
DONT_PROMPT_WSL_INSTALL defined.


Go in system settings> Software Updates.
Unchecked all options. Select Never check updates.


You can either:
press ctrl+alt+F7 *
Or
run the command startx

* From the 17.10 Release Notes:

GDM has replaced LightDM as the default display manager. The login screen now uses virtual terminal 1 instead of virtual terminal 7.

Also see Why is my GDM at a different TTY than my desktop environment? for more about the origin of this change.


Firefox doesn't keep settings from about:config

You can edit the prefs.js file in the Firefox profile folder with a plain text editor like Notepad and remove the line with the layout.css.devPixelsPerPx pref or change the value to 1.0

user_pref("layout.css.devPixelsPerPx", "1.0");

From https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/questions/964888


Spoofed MAC address - Internet disconnects

thanxx again for your reply ........... really appreciate it. Ahhhhhhh! the problem finally got sorted out (although sorry! to be becuase I didn't try your suggestion) but found another thread which emphasied on disabling the network-manager prior to changing the MAC address via macchanger. Here are the steps :-

sudo service network-manager stop

sudo ifconfig eth0 down

sudo macchanger -m XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX eth0

sudo ifconfig eth0 up

sudo service network-manager start

;Note - XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX being the spoofed MAC Address


Ubuntu 14.04 upgrading Hardware Enablement Stack (HWE) shows unmet dependencies

I had the exact same problem, and this worked for me:

I installed the 14.04 (trusty) versions of those same packages first:

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-trusty xserver-xorg-lts-trusty libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-trusty libegl1-mesa-drivers-lts-trusty

Once I installed those, I was able to run the command to upgrade the enablement stack:

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-utopic xserver-xorg-lts-utopic libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-utopic libegl1-mesa-drivers-lts-utopic

Lastly, a bit of cleanup:

sudo apt-get autoremove

Edit:

After following the above steps, Steam tried to install a couple packages (libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 and libgl1-mesa-glx:i386) and they were failing. I was able to fix it easily:

sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dri-lts-utopic:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-utopic:i386

I'll have to remember that pattern for packages in the future if they fail installing/upgrading (try adding -lts-utopic to the package name).


What software should I use for creating sound files for game development?

You can use both the Linux MultiMedia Studio (lmss) at  which seems to be an alternative or similar software to Fruity Loops, Sony Acid, etc. It allows you to sample audio files, insert percussions, read/write midi's, etc.

If you are familiar to Fruity Loops,Sony Acid and these style of software you will feel comfortable with LMMS.

Screenshot provided right here for your convenience:

Another great sound work station is the Energy XT, which is indeed proprietary (closed source), running natively on linux and these days they have a "free" version which allows you to do some limited things like saving but including only 1 synth, 3 percussions and these things. The fancy of this is that it is really easy to use and it runs natively on linux.

Videos can be reached right here: http://www.energy-xt.com/index.php?id=0101

And a screenshot from my desktop for you to see the full version of energyXT at work is also here:

Both these are ready to run, but if you wish try finding alternatives to these applications, I suggest you this site: http://alternativeto.net/ on which you can perform searching for almost any known application.

Good luck!


How to never ungroup windows of the same app in Task Switcher

You could install Unity Tweak Tool using

sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

Launch the application, go to Switcher and uncheck the checkbox which reads Automatically expose windows.


Confused about booting from USB, beginner questions

When you run the Ubuntu Installer (as well as a Windows Installer), you have the option of choosing the Drive and Partition for the install.  It doesn't matter if the drive is internal or external.  Pendrives are External drives.
Usually the first drive in your computer is /dev/sda.  The second one is /dev/sdb.  If you only have one drive in your computer, and you plug in a USB stick, that drive will be the next available device which would be /dev/sdb.
During the install process just specify the specific drive which is the USB as the install target.
Other ways of identifying and being sure that you are installing to the correct specification is by looking at the size of the drive.  You have mentioned that your USB stick is 128G.  So if your internal drive is a different size you would be sure to pick the one that matches your USB stick.
Just plug in the Installer DVD or USB media and your target USB stick.  Boot to the installer and proceed.  Install it the same way you did the last time, specifying where you want it installed.
There are two destination specifications during the install process.  The specification where you want the OS installed and the specification for the boot drive.  As long as you don't specify your internal '/dev/sda` drive for either specification, it won't be touched.
The final install will be a complete install.  When you boot to the USB with Ubuntu installed on it, there would be no apparent difference in the environment than if you had installed it on your computer's internal drive.  The etc folder as you mentioned, as well as all the other folders will be there.
How to install to your 128G PenDrive:
First choose the option to **Erase disk and install Ubuntu. It's shown on the image below.  When you click on continue on this screen, no changes will happen on any of the drives.  It will give you an option to select the drive to erase and install.

This is the screen where you select the drive that where you want the install to be applied.  This is the drive that will be erased and replaced with Ubuntu.  This screen has a drop-down for the selection.  When you check the drop-down options it will show you the specifications of the drive such as /dev/sdX.  X is the drive letter, whereas if it were an a, that would be your internal hard drive.
The info of the drive will also include the drive size and the drive manufacturer.  In the case of the image, this is a 16G, /dev/sdb, Verbatim drive.  It's not showing, but my drive /dev/sda is a 500G Seagate drive.
After clicking continue you will get the screen below:

After clicking Install Now the next screen will show the actions to be performed.  No changes has been written up this point.  The changes will be written if you click Continue after reading this warning.  If you deside not to use this option, you can click to Go Back and choose something different.


Keyboard shortcut is not working in Fullscreen on VLC Media Player

In full screen mode focus switch to controls panel. Try to disable it in Tools -> Preferences -> Show controls in full screen mode. Works for me (vlc 3.0.10).


Logitech MX Anywhere 2 mouse pairs but doesn't do anything

UPDATE FOR >15.10:

In my original answer I said that the problem would most likely be fixed when 15.10 comes around. While 15.10 does indeed have bluez 5, there is still some problem with pairing. Honestly, it was quite a while since I fixed this problem myself, but if I remember correctly, the MX Master (MX Anywhere 2) uses a PIN-less pairing method which isn't quite properly implemented yet in Ubuntu. Here are some commands which you can use as a quick fix:

hciconfig hci0 sspmode 1
hciconfig hci0 down
hciconfig hci0 up

If you're using another Bluetooth device than hci0, you obviously have to change that part of the commands, otherwise, they should be good to go. You'll also have to run them each time you restart and therefore I recommend you either have them in an accessible script or that you add them to startup applications. I should also note that I have since been able to get the mouse working even without running these commands after rebooting, so only use them if you have to.

ORIGINAL ANSWER (for < 15.10)

Answer taken from here: https://askubuntu.com/a/660666/256078

What's happening is that the MX Anywhere 2 requires Bluetooth Smart and Ubuntu ships with bluez (the Bluetooth driver) 4 which does not have support for Bluetooth Smart. Bluez 5, which adds support for Bluetooth Smart, is supposed to start shipping with 15.10, but for now, you'll have to install bluez 5 manually if you want to use it.

Just a heads up, if you want to have a stable system, DON'T DO THIS. First of all, this will break the built in Bluetooth control in the settings panel. This method that I'm about to describe adds a PPA too, which is supposed to be bad for your system when upgrading and stuff. Only do this if you know how to remove a PPA and revert to bluez 4 or if you just don't care and want to get it working. ;P

First, you need to add a PPA with bluez 5. I would recommend the bluez 5 PPA made by Austin since that's the one I have used before. Add it with this command:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:vidplace7/bluez5

Then refresh apt-get:

sudo apt-get update

After that you can install bluez 5 with this command:

sudo apt-get install bluez

Now that you have bluez 5, you need a way of controlling Bluetooth since, as stated earlier, the built in control panel will not work anymore.

There are two ways which I have tried for this. If you want to have a GUI then Blueman is your best option. You can install it simply with:

sudo apt-get install blueman

This will install the Blueman Bluetooth interface which you can open for your app launcher. It should be straight forward to use and not require any in depth explanation.

The method I recommend however is to use the command line. I found this to be much more stable (worked on login screen while Blueman didn't) and actually surprisingly intuitive to use for being a command line.

The way it works is that you type bluetoothctl in to the command line where you'll now have a command interface to interact with Bluetooth devices. You can type help to get a list of commands and what they do. The command that you'll want to use first for pairing the MX Anywhere 2 is the scan command. If you type scan on, your computer will start searching for Bluetooth devices. While in this mode, put your MX Anywhere 2 in to pairing mode and wait for it to show up in the console. It will show up something like this:

[NEW] Device XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX MX Anywhere 2 (The name may not be accurate)

The "XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX" string is the MAC address of your MX Anywhere 2. To pair it and connect it, type:

pair XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
connect XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX

Make sure to change all the "XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX" to the MAC address you got when scanning.

Done.


I have Ubuntu 9.04 on my Xen VPS - can I upgrade it to 10.10?

Whether or not you "Can" (Derek seems to have shown that its possible), its not supported officially.

To be sure all of the corner/special cases are handled, what you will need to do is upgrade through the two releases between.. 9.10 and 10.04.. before you get to 10.10.

This is pretty simple, just run

sudo do-release-upgrade

This will perform all necessary actions to get to 9.10. Then reboot, and go to 10.04, then 10.10.

Definitely do so soon, 9.04 has not had security updates since October 2010, and 9.10 will stop receiving updates in April of 2011 (as of this writing, next month). Unless you really need something in 10.10, its a decent idea to stop at 10.04, since that way you won't be forced to upgrade for another 4 years from now (its supported for 5, and came out about a year ago).


Ubuntu 20.04 doesn't boot up after a sudden shutdown

I almost 100% guarantee that your Windows driver ext2reader corrupted your Ubuntu installation. Uninstall it asap. Boot to a Ubuntu Live and see what's left of your Ubuntu installation. Backup important files asap.

Try this to see if it'll fix Ubuntu for you...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB in “Try Ubuntu” mode
open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
type sudo fdisk -l
identify the /dev/sdXX device name for your "Linux Filesystem"
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sdXX, replacing sdXX with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

If you did a packaged install of Komorebi, I'd recommend removing it...

sudo apt purge komorebi

If you did a manual (advanced) installation of Komorebi, you should remove these PPAs, as they may comprise your system with updates for gnome that are not compatible.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3 -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:vala-team -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging -y


Error installing Cuda toolkit: Existing package manager installation of the driver found

If you only want to install the cuda toolkit to /usr/local, please run:
sudo sh ./cuda_10.2.<spec>.run --toolkit --silent --override

If you need nvidia driver as well, you could try the answer provided by Albino Cordeiro

Running dpkg -l | grep Nvidia and then sudo apt purge ... did the trick.

Warning: above will uninstall your current nvidia driver.


How to detect screensaver state in Ubuntu 16

If you are using Unity as desktop environment

qdbus org.gnome.ScreenSaver /com/canonical/Unity/Session com.canonical.Unity.Session.IsLocked

will print true if the screen is locked and false otherwise


You are duplicating the work being done by Unattended Upgrades, so encountering interference is expected behavior.

Take a look at the Software & Updates control panel, the 'Updates' tab:

Look at the line: When there are security updates

Those security updates are downloaded-and-installed-automatically using apt...just like updates that you initiate. Security updates can occur at any time, but often occur just after startup.

Since only one apt session can run at a time, one of you gets locked out with an error message until the current apt session completes. That lockout is the classic error message you encountered. Another process was indeed using apt at the time.

If you want to verify, look at /var/log/apt/history.log. You will likely see two sessions, one that installed the security updates, and another (yours) that installed the rest.

Interfering with Unattended Upgrades causes no damage. The same packages get installed regardless of who initiates the upgrade or when.


I know answering your own questions is generally frowned upon... and I'm still not exactly sure how to trouble shoot USB problems (which is really what I wanted to know), but the following seems to have fixed my problem:

Add pci=routeirq to the linux boot command. I.e. I have a custom grub entry in /etc/grub.d/40_custom like this (note I copied and pasted the default entry from /boot/grub/grub.cfg and then added pci=routeirq):

#!/bin/sh
exec tail -n +3 $0
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.

menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.0.0-14-generic, PCI=routeirq' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
    recordfail
    set gfxpayload=$linux_gfx_mode
    insmod gzio
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod ext2
    set root='(hd0,msdos3)'
    search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 9701201a-c029-4d58-b44a-1dc208ca03b1
    linux   /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-14-generic root=UUID=9701201a-c029-4d58-b44a-1dc208ca03b1 ro   quiet splash vt.handoff=7 pci=routeirq
    initrd  /boot/initrd.img-3.0.0-14-generic
}


Moving home/user directory to another drive?

From Terminal type this:
sudo mkdir /mnt/tmp
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/tmp

which will allow you to temporarily mount the new partition, assuming /sdb1 as new partition for HOME.
sudo rsync -avx /home/ /mnt/tmp

This will copy HOME to new location.
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /home

This will mount the new partition as HOME and make sure all data is present.
sudo umount /home

This will unmount the new partion.
rm -rf /home/*

This deletes the old HOME.
To make HOME permanent you need to know the UUID of the new partition for the fstab entry. you can get that by giving command:
sudo blkid

Note down the UUID and use the same to change fstab .
sudo nano /etc/fstab

Now add the following at the end.
UUID=<noted number from above>    /home    ext4    defaults   0  2

NOTE: You need to select the exact file system that was formatted (for example ext4 as chosen here).
Now you can restart your computer to see the new HOME.


On a base install of Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS, simply drop the message you want in:

/etc/motd

By default, the MOTD will appear at the end of the other dynamic MOTD content. For example, here's the output from a Vagrant ubuntu/trusty64 (v20150506.0.0) box with a /etc/motd file added:

$ vagrant ssh
Welcome to Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS (GNU/Linux 3.13.0-52-generic x86_64)

 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/

  System information as of Thu May 14 20:06:56 UTC 2015

  System load:  0.39              Processes:           78
  Usage of /:   2.8% of 39.34GB   Users logged in:     0
  Memory usage: 24%               IP address for eth0: 10.0.2.15
  Swap usage:   0%

  Graph this data and manage this system at:
    https://landscape.canonical.com/

  Get cloud support with Ubuntu Advantage Cloud Guest:
    http://www.ubuntu.com/business/services/cloud

0 packages can be updated.
0 updates are security updates.

#####################################
Howdy! This message is from /etc/motd
#####################################

Last login: Thu May 14 20:06:56 2015 from 10.0.2.2
vagrant@vagrant-ubuntu-trusty-64:~$

That's all there is to it if you're working on a system with the default settings.

Some other troubleshooting notes:

Using "/etc/motd" is a change from earlier versions. Recommendations for 12.02 were to use "/etc/motd.tail". That doesn't work in 14.04.2.
Other recommendations I've seen include changing some values in "/etc/ssh/sshd_config". In case those have been altered, here's the defaults that work:

UsePAM yes
PrintMotd no

Likewise, here are the defaults for the /etc/pam.d/login I've seen referenced:

session    optional   pam_motd.so  motd=/run/motd.dynamic noupdate
session    optional   pam_motd.so

That's everything I've seen referenced for troubleshooting.


Icon(s) missing from top bar after an upgrade to Ubuntu 17.10

The gnome-tweak-tool can be used to make the top icons reappear.

Install gnome-tweak-tool if not already installed.

  $ sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

Launch it (gnome-tweak-tool from command line, Tweaks if from dock).

Select Extensions from the left menu. As we can see, Ubuntu
appindicators is turned off. (You may also want to note that Ubuntu
dock is turned off as well.)

Turn Ubuntu
appindicators on. If you want, you may also turn on Ubuntu
dock.

The top icon(s) reappear.

And if you turned on Ubuntu
dock, the dock is also permanently displayed at left.


How to use Zeal, there is nothing on the left bar, also no options on the top on Ubuntu 16.04

From USC:

Zeal is a simple offline API documentation browser inspired by Dash (OS X app), available for Linux and Windows.

Quickly search documentation using Alt+Space (or customised) hotkey to display Zeal from any place in your workspace.
Search in multiple sets of documentation at once.
Don't be dependent on your internet connection.
Integrate Zeal with Emacs, Sublime Text, or Vim.

You can type "zeal" on command line and then get an icon on the launcher that you can then fix to the launcher:


What kind of FileSystem do you recommend for USB Flash Drive?

ext4 is a journalling filesystem which means that if the device is unplugged prematurely it stands more of a chance of recovering the damaged filesystem. The journal part of the write contains information about what is about to be done and it gets cleared after the operation is completed.  If it is found that there is an uncompleted journal on a device when it is mounted, the filesystem can be reverted to it's previous state thereby preserving its integrity.

While there is some extra overhead in terms of space involved in having a journalling filesystem on a USB stick, it's actually a good choice for most things.

Obviously, if you need a device that can also plug into any computer at any time then FAT would be the way to go.  If you want a device that needs to be plugged into one Windows computer only occasionally, then it's possible to install ext2 device drivers in Windows that will allow it to read any and all ext(x) drives.  Of course, since Windows doesn't know about Linux permissions and ownership these will not be handled as well.


I was wrong - the fix below with editing /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/cvs is what fixed it for me. Sorry


The repository ''http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb bionic Release'' does not have a Release file

Your source /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list is incorrect.

There should be no reference to bionic in the file.

It should read:

### THIS FILE IS AUTOMATICALLY CONFIGURED ###
# You may comment out this entry, but any other modifications may be lost.
deb [arch=amd64] http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main

The first two lines are, of course, optional. The important element is using stable instead of bionic.


Creating debian package to install to a path with spaces

It's a trick

There is directories layout:
mytest-0.1/debian/changelog
             /compat
             /control
             /install
             /rules
mytest-0.1/usr/share/my company/file_a
                               /file_b
                               /file_c'

Modify install file as follows

usr/share/           /usr/

Then packs your deb package

$mytest-0.1>dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -uc -us -tc

Wish it can help you


Installing Ubuntu at my laptop (having windows 7 already - dual boot)

I actually did the same just yesterday on my brother's laptop (clevo machine with a 300GB HDD):

I first installed Windows 7 on an NTFS partition with 170GB of space.
I also created a second NTFS partition as a backup with 100GB of
space, leaving 30GB totally unconfigured/unpartitioned for Ubuntu (170GB C:\, 100GB
D:\, 30GB # future Ubuntu partition #)
I booted up from the Ubuntu CD and when the installation proceeded to the
partitioning/drive space allocation options, i was presented with the following screen:

I just selected the first option Install Ubuntu alongside Windows 7.

When the setup completed, i just rebooted and everything was ok.
Grub installed, dual boot working just fine ;-)

If you want to change the default O/S when booting, you can do one of the following:

The "hard" way:

From a shell, type:
cat /boot/grub/grub.cfg | grep menuentry

You will get a list of all the entries in your grub menu.
Count them starting by zero (0), e.g.

menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.38-10-generic' ....  <-- #0
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.38-10-generic (recovery mode)' .... <-- #1
menuentry 'Windows 7' .... <-- #2

Then, edit /etc/default/grub and change the entry GRUB_DEFAULT=X to the number you want (like #2 above for Windows).
Save the file and do a sudo update-grub in order to update grub.cfg.
You're all set.

The "easy" way:

Install StartUpManager by typing:
sudo apt-get install startupmanager

This application provides a GUI in order to make all the changes you need.

More information can be found here


HTK is built with gcc -m32, which means i386 build prerequisites are required : libx11-dev:i386 . And : HTK-3.4.1 → The time stamp is 2009, long before the new Debian path´s were introduced. Please do  : ./configure CFLAGS=-I/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu

You can also install the binary HTK-tools package htk-tools_3.4.1-ubuntu14_i386.deb : See Error installing htk-tool


Avoid updating kernel as I need a specific kernel for my processor?

In this Q&A (Blocking kernel updates with dpkg) the OP was also on Ubuntu 12.04 and had to hold the kernel at a specific version because things break when upgrading.

A short summary of the link:

First check your kernel image name

dpkg -l | grep linux-image

output for the poster:

ii  linux-image-3.2.0-4-amd64              3.2.35-2                           amd64        Linux 3.2 for 64-bit PCs
ii  linux-image-amd64                      3.2+46                             amd64        Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package)

then tell dpkg to hold the metapackage (the generic version without any version numbers)

echo linux-image-amd64 hold | sudo dpkg --set-selections

You can then check this worked via dpkg -l linux-image-amd64

Please read the entire question and answer before proceeding.


Can't disable Alt + mouse buttons combinations

Go to CCSM > General > General options.

Go to the Key bindings tab.

Find the function you need changed, in your case it's Window Menu.

Just setting the keybinding to disabled doesn't seem to work. You have to set it as something else. In my system, I set it to <Super>Button3.


Dependency errors in Ubuntu installation

I went around for a bit, and seems that your "Company name" is too long for openSSL. This is a bug. You should upgrade your system to precise or later to fix this.

Remove any blocking package and upgrade your system. That should fix the issue.


Solved, Just go to settings in OBS and hotkeys and I can make shortcut keys for start/stop recording! I am so dumb.


Screen glitches or freezes after screen lock with Intel Video Driver

I had the same issue, and wrote a script that works around it by detecting the screen state and automatically switching virtual terminals (same as a manual Ctrl+Alt+F-key sequence) at the right time. I've only written it for Cinnamon but it should also work for GNOME with minimal config. Try it out and let me know if it works. Maybe we can find a way to patch in a fix for lightdm. You can get it on GitHub and follow the instructions to use it:

https://github.com/appleYaks/switcher


Please login with your GNOME Account (online account)

Accounts on the GNOME web site have nothing to do with Online Accounts or your account on your computer. If you wish to log in to the web site, you will need an account on the GNOME web site, which one generally gets by becoming a member of the GNOME.org community.


Cannot connect to Wi-Fi network although WiFi adapter is detected

I have solved the problem. I just had to edit the file /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf.
In that file, somehow my WiFi adapter got set to unmanaged. The file contents were as follows:
[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile

[ifupdown]
managed=true

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

[keyfile]
unmanaged-devices=interface-name:wlx00e0202c7613

So, I just removed the last two lines which specify the unmanaged devices list. After that, the adapter got detected and now I can scan for and connect to WiFi networks :)


xfce / bash: gui elements in shell script

Try Zenity:

" Zenity allows you to display GTK+ dialogs from shell scripts".

It's pretty minimalistic, here are the dependencies, many of these should already be present on an xfce system:

Depends: libc6 (>= 2.4), libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 (>= 2.22.0), libglib2.0-0 (>= 2.24.0), libgtk-3-0 (>= 3.0.0), libnotify4 (>= 0.7.0), libpango1.0-0 (>= 1.14.0), libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 (>= 1.3.10), libx11-6, zenity-common (= 3.2.0-0ubuntu1)


Connecting to Cisco VPN from Ubuntu 18.04 without a Group Password

vpnc replaces the legacy Cisco VPN client, which used IPSec and thus required a password for a group.

Do you need to use Cisco AnyConnect?

If you need to use the newer Cisco Anyconnect client, you can install openconnect on Ubuntu using sudo apt-get install network-manager-openconnect-gnome This will add an Anyconnect compatible option to the VPN GUI under your network settings.

You can also initiate a connection by entering sudo openconnect YOURVPN.COM in the terminal. This will then prompt you for credentials and group settings, much like the Cisco AnyConnect client does.

If the GUI method seems confusing or isn't working at first, try the terminal method to get details about the connection you are making. I needed to restart my computer before the GUI worked. You can close the terminal connection by pressing ctrl+c in the terminal window.

After restarting, if you do not have any other credentials except a username, password, and group, you can use the GUI by:

Select the Cisco AnyConnect VPN Protocol
Enter your VPN address into the Gateway text box
Save the VPN Settings
Activate the VPN
Follow the prompt for your user credentials


You need to remove the space before the = in the alias assignment

alias apacheres='/etc/init.d/apache2 restart'


How do I disable update manager from installing gwibber?

This is probably happening because an associated package is still around.

First, please try removing gwibber and associated packages from the terminal with:

sudo apt-get --purge remove gwibber*

Then run:

sudo apt-get update

And see if Update Manager still wants to install it -- it shouldn't.


Unknown file system unnsupported drive / partition?

Thanks all who tried to help, I ended up formating the drive and restoring the data from a backup with minor file loss.
I've messed up pretty bad with the tools trying to recover the drive /partition.

Good news is that now it actually works on both OS (win10 & Ubuntu)

Thanks


You actually need two rules for this.

First, a rule to accept traffic coming from that group.

iptables -I OUTPUT 1 -m owner --gid-owner has-internet -j ACCEPT

Next, a rule to block all other traffic.

iptables -I OUTPUT 2 -j DROP

(NOTE: If these are the ONLY rules in your iptables' OUTPUT table, just use -A OUTPUT instead of -I OUTPUT #, but do these in order.  You don't need to use -I unless you have other rules in the specified table and are trying to insert rules at a different point within the table other than the end.)

Note that this may also run into some other problems, such as for things with root, superuser, or other service accounts trying to reach out, and can introduce other problems with network connectivity on the system itself that isn't directly related to Internet access.


How do I disable Apport from including a core dump?

Create a Setting / Core Dump is usually the useful part of a bug report

At the moment, I do not believe that apport supports that. However, you could certainly check out apport on Launchpad: https://launchpad.net/apport, create a setting to not include the core dump (although that is mainly the useful part of a bug report), and then compile and install it yourself.


Constant green screen with USB to DVI Adapter

I just got done dealing with that particular problem. I have a solution for you to try. The first is to switch your "driver "fbdev" " to "driver "displaylink" ". Unless you really want to use the fbdev driver, the displaylink seems to work better for me. Other than that, I had to force all mine to be the same depth in order to consistently work but I am using Xinerama as well. I just got done looking through my .conf file and it looks almost similar to yours. And I am using both my screens right now. So good luck.


First, du -sh takes a long time to execute, because it has to look at all files in all subdirectories all the way down to find the size of the files. How long did you wait?

df -h (I'd use df -h .) should return quickly. Again, what do you mean by "hang"?

You can recover some disk space by removing object (*.o) files, which I assume you can recreate through your .cus and Makefiles. find . -type f -name '*.o' -ls will show them to you. Replace -ls with -print0 | xargs -0 rm to delete them all. Read man nvcc to find other leftover temporary files.

How many levels of source file backup do you keep?

You can use gzip (man gzip) to compress files you are not using at the moment to regain some space.

quota --human-readable (and man quota) will show your disk quota. du will show your disk usage (man du). df (man df) will display disk volume information.


Uninstall just geoclue:

sudo apt-get remove geoclue

(This will remove just the geoclue package itself.)

Uninstall geoclue and it's dependencies:

sudo apt-get remove --auto-remove geoclue

(This will remove the geoclue package and any other dependant packages which are no longer needed.)

Purging your config/data too:
(If you also want to delete your local/config files for geoclue then this will work.)

sudo apt-get purge geoclue

or

sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove geoclue

http://installion.co.uk/ubuntu/vivid/main/g/geoclue/uninstall/index.html


Typed characters disappear when moving mouse (Firefox/Rikaichan/IBus-Mozc)

This is not an answer for the question but a work around for the problem.

If you have no problem to switch input method into fcitx

sudo apt install fcitx-mozc

Then it works almost the same as ibus-mozc and it has fewer/less problems compare to ibus-mozc


Chrome automatically starts on boot while using xfce

Since the autostart settings seem to be clean, I would expect that xfce4-session has cached the app and restores it on boot time.

I suspect that you need to clear up your sessions cache: Settings Manager, Sessions and Startup, Sessions Tab, Clear Saved Sessions. Or delete the contents of ~/.cache/sessions, having logged out first. For details see: Xubuntu reopens last session applications even though it shouldn't.


After changing drive for $HOME can't run Teamviewer

steeldriver mentioned that Ubuntu does not run well on a NTSF formatted filesystem. So I backed up my hard drive, changed $HOME to the back up drive and formatted my drive to ext4. Then I copied everything back to my now ext4 formatted drive. It still did not work right away. Here is how it fixed it:

Uninstall teamviewer sudo apt-get remove teamviwer
Download and install the latest .deb file from teamviewer offical home page.
Still did not work. Now I changed ownership in the .config folder again:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /home/$USER/.config/teamviewer
Then in the .local/share/ folder:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /home/$USER/.local/share/teamviewer11

That did it for me. I changed ownership using chown several times but it did not work. Formatting my drive to ext4 and reinstalling teamviewer did it though.

Thank you guys.


It sounds like the v8 development headers are missing. Try installing the libv8-dev package,

  sudo apt-get install libv8-dev.


Why is my fan constatnly blowing in Ubuntu?

Do you know which fan it is? Is is the CPU fan, the GPU fans, or one of the case fans?

If it is the GPU fans, it will most likely stop if you get the appropriate proprietary drivers.

If it is the CPU fan, maybe some setting in the bios can help regulate the speed.

If it is the case fans, it depends on how they are plugged, some cases have an external control, or the fans can be plugged into the motherboard and in this case there may be some settings in the bios as well.

Well since you don't have the issue on Windows, I doubt that it is a setting that you have to change in the bios, since those are common to both OS. So I would guess that it is the GPU? Which drivers are you using? You may want to consider getting the latest proprietary drivers.


Where can the Ubuntu 20.04 release candidate be found?

If you can't find it on the web you can do sudo do-release-upgrade
and that should work if not you can also do sudo do-release-upgrade -d and you will be upgraded to the latest version of Ubuntu 20.04 LTS might be a beta possibly if you add the -d at the end so don't use it on any critical systems.


Is there a way to reset smbclient settings to the default?

If you want to get your edited smb.conf back and didn't backup before I fear there is no possibility. You can take a look at /etc/samba and watch for files like "smb.conf~", "smb.conf.bak" or something like this ...

An example smb.conf is to find at /usr/share/samba/. Replace your misconfigured file by

sudo cp /usr/share/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf
sudo initctl restart smbd

And from now backup your files before editing:

sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.backup_120418

or something like this.


My issue got resolved after reverting to native drivers (no guest additions)


Launchpad Recovery
YourAccount/ImportingYourPGPKey

Renewing your key

You may have set your key to expire. You can update your key's expiration date and republish it.

Step 1: Open Passwords and Encryption Keys.

Step 2: Select the My Personal Keys tab, select your key and open the property window by pressing Space Bar or double clicking with your pointer. Select the Details tab of the property window.

Step 3: Set a new expiration date or choose never. Close the property window

Step 4: With you key still selected, select Remote > Sync and Publish Keys from the menu. Choose the Sync button.

review the source https://help.launchpad.net/YourAccount/ImportingYourPGPKey


I would suggest installation of shimmer's themes. Blackbird and Graybird style is nice, clean and GTK2 and GTK3 compatible as well. You will have a consistent XFCE look and feel.

You can do with the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:shimmerproject/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install shimmer-themes

After that, choose Greybird or Blackbird in Appearance settings panel.


The server may enables UseDNS.

man sshd_config to find information about this.

If you have the right permission, you can modify /etc/ssh/sshd_config and add UseDNS no to this file.


Ubuntu PAGE_TAB_HARDWARE_ERROR boot error

From the looks of the iommu messages, you’ll need to add a kernel parameter to your Grub configuration. Here’s what you need to do:

Open a terminal, possibly from the Live USB if you’re unable to boot your system
Edit your Grub file:
$ gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Add iommu=soft to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT. This will result in something like:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet iommu=soft splash"

Note: The order of the parameters is irrelevant.
Save the file
Run sudo update-grub. This step is very important. Do not forget to run sudo update-grub
Reboot the system

This should resolve your issue


tl;dr: You just happen to be using versions of everything that are before a lot of ppc64el and POWER8 optimizations went in, so there's going to be limits on what performance you can achieve without upgrading one (or more) components.

Around the time Ubuntu 14.04 was released, we went through the whole LAMP stack looking closely at performance on POWER. We found that there were places that were lacking, so we went to work fixing them. Unfortunately, since Ubuntu 14.04 shipped slightly before the first POWER8 systems did, there wasn't enough time to work on the optimizations and get them into upstream before Ubuntu 14.04 shipped.

It was only in May/June 2014 that I had an initial (relatively) stable patchset for MySQL 5.6 working on POWER8. This was a couple of months after Ubuntu 14.04 release. These initial patches weren't too focused on performance (although Ubuntu did pull them in to the distro, as ppc64el is a supported platform for them).

For performance, we were pretty heavily gated on a few things, many of which were being fixed in MySQL 5.7. I had a very proof-of-concept MySQL 5.7 port doing 1 million queries/second on POWER8 back in June 2014. A lot of the MySQL problems are around mutex contention, so it can (strangely enough) with older MySQL improve performance by tying MySQL to fewer CPU cores.

We had other bottlenecks to tackle too, notably CRC32 performance (which if you configure it to do so, InnoDB uses as its on disk checksum), of which emerged a POWER8 optimized CRC32 that is 41 times faster than the non-optimized version. This work was integrated with MariaDB 10.1.

A lot of work was done to get modern MariaDB running really well on POWER8. It does, so if switching to MariaDB is an option, that will help with database end performance. Also, the various _instance variables for MySQL may need increasing - your POWER8 system likely has a lot more CPU cores and threads than an x86 system, and the default values aren't going to be that great.

As for PHP, I was a (lot) less involved in that optimization work. Basically, newer PHP is faster, often by a decent amount. This was due to everything from removing some old powerpc "optimizations" (custom assembly isn't always faster than what a compiler can produce) to contributing code to php, to (i think) improving GCC.

I think my colleague Daniel Axtens is going to reply with some of the PHP details.

Back to your specific configuration, have you assigned 1 CPU core (with 8 threads) or just 1 CPU core (with 1 thread) to the VM on the POWER8? The way virtualization works on POWER, you may as well give the guest the threads, as a the whole core enters the guest at the same time, and SMT4 is usually a big boost for performance over SMT1 (check your VM configuration and you can dynamically change the thread mode using the ppc64_cpu utility in the guest, but not to more threads than the guest has been assigned).

I blogged a bunch on the POWER8 MySQL/MariaDB work over at: https://www.flamingspork.com/blog (see the mysql/power8 tags... askubuntu won't let me post too many links)


Can't kill jackdbus auto, because it auto starts everytime

/etc/pulse/default.pa contains

### Automatically connect sink and source if JACK server is present
.ifexists module-jackdbus-detect.so
.nofail
load-module module-jackdbus-detect channels=2
.fail
.endif

You can comment those lines out and that should prevent auto-loading to jackdbus by Pulse Audio.


The fix for this was to upgrade the kernel to 3.13. After doing so I now have working HDMI audio, using either the radeon or fglrx driver.


Cannot download Ubuntu 12.10 from the Site

have you tried alternative downloads:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/alternative-downloads

or the torrent:

http://releases.ubuntu.com/12.10/ubuntu-12.10-desktop-i386.iso.torrent


Fonts suddenly look different and larger, Unity panel larger, notification bubbles smaller on account.

The only thing holding me back from Rinzwind's answer was the fact that it would take forever and it may not have been entirely successful. But I did use his basic idea in my solution.

First off, I deleted .gconf and .config out of my home directory and rebooted. Upon login, while nothing was how I had customized it, everything was default, including terminal working. I then used terminal and chmod-ed everything to be under me and NOT root.

So, while I have lost every configuration I used to have, my desktop is back in order again.


-I don't have the rep to comment-

In order to help, I'd need to ask a few questions:
-I assume you mean to be copying between two HDDs installed in the same machine, or accessible from the same machine, correct?
-When you mention that you can't get access to the file system, how exactly do you mean that?  As in you don't know how, or you've mounted it and due to logical errors you can't access it?
-You spoke of commands you issued to fix the problem.  What commands?  What was the output and result of each?


Using a RamDrive on 18.04.01 LTS with HandBrake

Handbrake is a video conversion tool. Video conversion tools tends to be CPU/GPU-heavy, not IO-heavy.

Encoding on CPU, I typically get 25-100 frames per second. If you have a 50Mb/s 24fps film, this means that you have to ingest 200Mb/s, or 25MB/s. This is sequential read from a file, which is the easiest and most predictable IO. Even a spinning 5400RPM cheap laptop hard drive will have zero problems keeping up with that.

Even if you quadruple your encoding ratio, to 400fps, it's only 100MB/s. That's within reach of 7200rpm hard drives, and trivial for SSDs. You'll probably see zero improvement on encoding speeds by using RAM to cache data for video conversion, unless you have very specialized hardware for video encoding. In that case, the way to go is probably fast SSDs, which can easily handle gigabytes per second.

RAM only makes sense if disk IO is your bottleneck. To optimize, you should first identify the actual bottleneck, and then figure out what you can do to work around that bottleneck.

Additionally, dedicating RAM for a RAM drive may make things slower. Linux is pretty good at caching stuff in unused RAM. However, if you force it to cache some things by using a dedicated RAM drive, you risk that things that could benefit from being cached won't be cached.

There's certainly some situations in which you want to explicitly cache things in RAM...

You have to cache some input for processing, quickly. This may for instance be a burst of data from some external sensor, that delivers data for a brief period of time, at a rate that is faster than your disk. In this case, caching it before writing to disk is a good strategy.
You have a process, that is IO bound, that needs to store a data set temporarily.
You have (small) amounts of data that you don't care about, but you need temporarily. This may for instance be phpsession-files for a webserver.

In many cases, the second example may be replaced by pipes, so that no storage is needed. Storage would only be needed in cases where the complete data set has to be available at once.

In most other cases you will have to read or write the data to disk anyway. If you want to keep the result of a transcode, you have to move it to a disk. If you want to move a video to be transcoded to a RAM drive, you have to read it from disk first, and so forth...

Remember that the OS caches files in RAM by default. Whenever a file is read by the OS, it's cached in RAM. When a file is written, it's cached.


switching back to ubuntu from chrome os problems

i was just in the same predicament that you're in i promised myself (sort of) that if I were to figure this out myself i'll help the rest with this issue, and I FIGURED IT OUT!! All you have to do is update your chroot or crouton with the following command line within the chrome os terminal: sudo sh -e ~/Downloads/crouton -n  -u
 being the name of your chroot (precise, trusty, etc.). based on your error, your chroot name is "precise" so you'll input that as the following command line: sudo sh -e ~/Downloads/crouton -n precise -u
if you get some kind of error then it's mainly because you more than likely deleted your crouton file. redownload that file here http://goo.gl/fd3zc if you did. then go back to the whole update crouton deal i just told you about.


Terminal Headline Bold and With Color Like Linux Mint

If I understand you correctly, your question is very similar to this one:
Is it possible to color the prompt in Bash?

There are a couple of answers there already.


How to install Ubuntu from 500GB external hard drive

Installing to External Drive Using only Internal Windows Drive
Both Rufus and Etcher will install Ubuntu Live to an External USB. Ubuntu Live can then be used to install Ubuntu to the same external drive.
In Rufus select "List USB Hard Drives"
In Etcher select the gear in the upper right hand corner, then select "Unsafe mode"
Warning: This will overwrite all data on the external drive.
Remember to unselect these options when done.
Disable internal drive before proceeding.
Once Ubuntu Live is installed to the external drive, boot it in the same BIOS/UEFI mode Windows uses, using the toram option.
Press shift as soon as the boot starts. Press esc then press F6, press esc again, then type a space and then type toram.
Once booted open Nautilus and enter sudo umount -lrf /dev/sdxy Where sdxy is the partition containing the running Live Ubuntu.

Start Install Ubuntu.
Select Language, click "Continue".
Select Keyboard layout, click "Continue".
Select Wireless network, click "Continue". (optional).
Select installation preference and select "Download updates while installing Ubuntu", (optional), and Select "Install third-party software ...", click "Continue". (Optional).
If asked about mounted partitions, select Yes, click "Continue".
Do not use Advanced feature disk encryption for this install method.
At "Installation type" select "Something else". (Full disk encryption is not working with flash drives).
Select "Continue".
Confirm target device for bootloader is correct.
Select "New Partition Table".
Click Continue on the drop down.
Click "free space" and then "+".
Select "Primary", "Size ..." = 4500 to 6000 MB, "Beginning of this space", Ext4, and Mount point = "/" then OK.
Click Install now.
Confirm partitions to be formatted if asked, click continue.
Select your location. click "Continue".
Insert your name, computer name, username, password and select
if you want to log in automatically or require a password. - Click "Continue".
Wait until install is complete.


How do I point grub back to a working Ubuntu (btrfs !)

When you boot it from live usb, run cfdisk, does it show 2 partitions or 1?

Reboot

Run from usb or cd

Choose to open instead of install.

Them do:

sudo apt install cfdisk

See if there are 2 ext* partitions

After you  saw the name of the partition you can restart and go into safe mode.

This post explain what you need to do afterwards:

Boot drops to a (initramfs) prompts/busybox

Basically once in (initramfs) do exit
It will show what is the problem with the boot

Now do

fsck /dev/sda* -y

Usually it will be sda1 or 2, check in initramfs to see which is.

Type reboot and it should work

EDIT:

For those with similar problems:

first, if you boot into grub> try doing ls

this will give you something similar to grub> ls (hd0) (hd0,msdos2) (hd0,msdos1)

From here, you have to know some things, first, what is your linux boot, you will be looking for EXT2, EXT3 and EXT4 formated devices. They will be named from sda1 and so on, example, ext4 /dev/sda1.

With this info there are a few things you can do:

If you boot from  (initramfs)- you will have to wait long minutes to get to this prompt after the boot error, you can do the above steps on the unedited version of this response, otherwise if it does not work, follow the following:

After recognizing your boot table, name and partition, (which can be done with fdisk or cfdisk) you will need to boot into grub> and do ls, from the list it shows, you will need to figure out in which of the partitions your boot is, by doing: example cat (hd0,1)/etc/issue, do these for each of the outputs that will be similar to "(hd0) (hd0,msdos2) (hd0,msdos1)", from here you will be looking for the output, which will be something like your ubuntu version: "Ubuntu 14.04 LTS".

Once you fund in which partition you are in grub> you can try example:

set prefix=(hd0,1)*/boot/grub
set root=(hd0,1)*
insmod normal grub
normal
insmod linux grub
linux /boot/*
root=/dev/sda1* grub
initrd /boot/*
boot

Substitute the * with your partition and boot path.

Hope this can help. links for full info:

If you have a BTRFS partition:

http://logan.tw/posts/2015/05/17/grub-install-and-btrfs-root-file-system/

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/btrfs#Missing_root

Complete guide for grub rescue> and grub general:

https://www.linux.com/learn/how-rescue-non-booting-grub-2-linux%20%20

godspeed.


High CPU usage when watching youtube videos (HTML5)?

This is something I had to deal with as well and I came to the conclusion if I use a desktop application like Miro, Totem, VLC, or MiniTube it makes my system run much better and cooler.

I prefer Miro, but it still needs some more development until it is perfect and crash free.  I hear MiniTube is great, but it is a paid app.  Totem works, but isn't as convenient.

I know this might not be your preferred method, but using Miro has opened up a lot of great content I wouldn't have found otherwise like free and creative commons audio books, music, and video series/episodes.

Also if you go this route check out Fluendo Codec. It improves video quality and works with Gstreamer. Only costs about $30 bucks.


How to recover a lost partition on Ubuntu?

It is unclear whether you have been actually modifying the partition table and which partitions did you reformat.

I would start with booting from the LiveCD, choosing the rescue mode, and trying to mount any  partitions found manually, then backing up anything of value that you can find there.


I happened to have the same kind of issues as yours, with the same CPU, and just find this thread which might be handy to you:
freezes problems

Apparently, there are some issues with power management regarding ubuntu 18.04 and Ryzen CPU.

To solve it, try passing processor.max_cstate=5 rcu_nocbs=0-11 when loading your kernel at boot.
To see how to pass options to your kernel at boot, see:
kernelbootparameters

Hope it helps!


How to uninstall dotnet from Ubuntu 20.10 completely?

sudo apt remove --purge dotnet-sdk-5.0.101
sudo apt remove --purge dotnet-runtime-5.0.101


Mismatched braces.

See also this page on debugging basics in general.


Failed Web upgrade of Ubuntu from 13.10 to 14.04, what now?

Boot from the DVD.
Mount the hard disk.
Open a terminal.
Assuming the disk becomes mounted to, e.g. /media/disk (it will be something different; change as appropriate), run chroot /media/disk.
Run sudo dpkg --configure -a.
Run sudo apt-get -f install.

That might fix it.  If not, you might need to finish installing some packages from the DVD, in which case:

Run sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
Now you need to add the DVD to this sources list.  I don't have a 14.04 disc handy, so you'll need to edit it appropriately yourself.  The line to add will look basically like this:
deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 14.04 _Trusty Tahr_ - Release i386 (2014...something)]/ trusty main restricted
Run sudo apt-get update.
Run sudo apt-get -f install.
Run sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop.

Doing all of that will probably fix it.

If it doesn't, you can always save your /home/username directory by renaming it to something else, then delete everything else on the hard disk (obviously, don't rm -rf /home if that's where you left your renamed homedir), and then install from the DVD again.  Then you can either rename your home directory back to what it was and login again, or copy the files you need out of it.  Depending on how many files you want to save, you might opt to be extra careful and copy the files to external media before reinstalling.


Empty build directory in custom compiled kernel

You need to either edit the script so that it does not delete the build directory (proper fix) as you are calling it or copy the files to the system (manual fix).

Neither of these "fixes" has anything to do with the commands used to compile a kernel (make).

You can choose where and how to compile a kernel, usually use use a build directory in your home directory and build as a user, but there is not good reason you could not use a system directory and build as root. You can use any location you wish for building.


Back up deja dup produced lots of duplicity.gpg files

Deja Dup uses duplicity for backups and that splits them in multiple files. To restore data you need the whole directory. There is no single archive.


Ubuntu Server Port 80 not reachable/closed

To access webmin you have to use the port 10000 with https like this: https://localhost:10000/

Moreover if you want to change Apache port

Open /etc/apache2/ports.conf file, enter:

$ gksu gedit /etc/apache2/ports.conf

To make the server accept connections on both port 8010, enter:

Listen 8010

To make the server accept connections on both port 80 and port 8010, use:

Listen 80
Listen 8010

Now restart apache

sudo service apache2 restart

and try.


How to exit all terminal instances (keyboard shortcut) Ubuntu 16.04?

Adding to the comment by Sourav Ghosh,
Some more helpful terminal shortcuts:

Ctrl+Shift+Q to kill all
Ctrl+Shift+W to kill one
Ctrl+Shift+N to make a new terminal pointing at the same directory
Ctrl+Shift+T to make a new terminal in a tab pointing at the same directory


All chromium extensions throw errors since update to 13.10

Updating to ubuntu 13.10 also updated Chromium to 29.0.1547.65-0ubuntu2, breaking ALL of my Chromium plugins.

Using synaptic, do a 'complete removal' of the 'chromium-browser' which also uninstalls 'chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra'. Reinstall the prior stable version of Chromium 28 for ubuntu 13.04  (chromium-browser_28.0.1500.71-0ubuntu1.13.04.1_amd64.deb). The earlier versions of Chromium can be found at http://www.ubuntuupdates.org/pm/google-chrome-stable. Download the appropriate CHROMIUM '.deb' file, 'right-click' to open with 'Ubuntu Software Center' and install.

All of my plugins/addons (Adblock Plus 1.6.1, AutoCopy 1.4.1, LastPass 2.5.5, Omnibox Timer 0.3.1) work again EXCEPT FOR 'Cool Clock' (ver 3.0.1.2).


Unfortunately a command or option to reinstall a snap similar to apt install --reinstall does not exist. So removing and then installing the snap again is the only way.

But the settings of the snap will be saved in a snapshot while removing the snap unless you use the --purge-option, so just run snap remove snapname but not snap remove --purge snapname.

Check the snapshot with snap saved to see it's ID.

After installing the snap again you can restore the snapshot with snap restore ID and your settings are back.


'rake aborted!' Stuck on gitimmersion tutorial

I encountered the same problem and then realized that my Rakefile was created in the wrong directory -- i.e. I had made my Rakefile in the lib directory, when it actually needed to be in the hello directory.
As soon as you move the file, the problem is solved.


Laptop in-built Web Cam stopped working HP Probook

This stuff works for me (Dell XPD, built-in webcam and Ubuntu 14.04): Cheese, Skype do not see any webcam.

After logging in, in a terminal :

sudo rmmod uvcvideo

Then :

sudo modprobe uvcvideo

A few seconds processing, then done. Cheese, Skype will work properly. But this is a bug !


mounting usb stick -says path to stick doesn't exist or isn't a directory

In Ubuntu, there should not be a need to mount a USB stick using the terminal. By default, USB sticks are automounted when you plug them in.
That a stick does not automount rather points to an issue with the stick. It could designate problems with the file system. Thus, before attempting anything else, have your file system checked. You can check it with fsck. If the file system is not too badly damaged, linux will recognize it is a FAT32 formatted system (as you also see in the first output you posted), and invoke fsck.vfat to check it.
Your drive is known as /dev/sdf. The partition that is existing on it, is known as /dev/sdf1. You should only check a partition that is not in use, so to be safe, you first unmount it, as administrator:
sudo umount /dev/sdf1

Then you can check it:
sudo fsck /dev/sdf1

This will report on any issues and inconsistencies that may be there. In order to effectively repair the file system, allowing the system choose what to do, you execute the command again with the -a option (see man fsck.vfat to learn about all possible options).
sudo fsck /dev/sdf1

Once that is done, wait a few seconds and then unplug the USB. Plug it back in - it should automount.
Your question actually was on how to mount it on the terminal. Again, prefer to rely on the automatic system, but if you really wish to mount manually, then you can using the mount command executed as administrator.
 sudo mount /dev/sdf1 /media/USB-drive

Here, indeed, you state you want to mount the partition /dev/sdf1 on the folder  /media/USB-drive. For this command to proceed, the folder that will be the mount point must already exist. If needed, create it with the command sudo mkdir /media/USB-drive.


As maximd's comment under your question has shown, the same error as yours occurs when trying to install 32 bit Chrome under a 64 bit Ubuntu system. These i386  error message always occurs when it is an architecture problem. In contrast, I successfully installed the same 32 bit deb on a 32 bit system today, so the issue is not due to a bad version of Chrome.

The architecture error is well known, as documented in a similar question at Superuser where similar dependency issues are discussed. On account of Ubuntu's multiarch feature (which enables the user to install 32 bit packages on 64 bit systems) these sorts of errors don't occur very regularly now, but are still possible. Sometimes it is still necessary to use the 64 bit version of the package.

There is no point in forcing the installation with something like sudo dpkg -i --force /location/of/deb, as that will not solve the dependency issues, so I should just remove the partial installation of Chrome with sudo apt-get install -f and install the 64 bit deb from the Google Chrome site with gdebi or Software Center, which will resolve the dependencies as well.


How do I start the Privacy and Activity Manager from command line?

This could be what you're looking for:

gnome-control-center activity-log-manager &


How can I configure local (USB) printers when a remote cups server is specified (in client.conf)?

We found a solution to this problem.

We deleted the file /etc/cups/client.conf
We started & enabled the service cups-browsed and added the following stanza to  /etc/cups/cups-browsed.conf:

BrowseRemoteProtocols cups dnssd

BrowsePoll cups.myorganisation.com

Browsing On


What script should I use to remove apps not related to Eclipse development, without disturbing GUI functionality?

To remove games safely try following command.

sudo apt-get remove gnome-games-common


Black-screen after enabling SLI or MultiGPU

Suggestion: Disable "Allow Flipping" under OpenGL Settings in the NVIDIA X Server Settings.

You will see what those settings are, from a terminal window, with  cat /etc/X11/xorg.conf


Grub menu suddenly showing up even if disabled

Grub uses a recordfail-variable to change the timeout for the next boot after a boot failure. You can set this variable in /etc/default/grub, just add the line

GRUB_RECORDFAIL_TIMEOUT=0

to the file and run sudo update-grub

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2 in the section Last Boot Failed or Boot into Recovery Mode


How can I install system just from installed system, not USB or CD？

There is a method of installing anew from an ISO file without burning it to a disc:

Download an installer ISO. If you'll have a good Internet connection while installing, mini.iso is an excellent option, giving a very small ISO file that can install any Ubuntu flavor.
Open a terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T.
Install grml-rescueboot:

sudo apt install grml-rescueboot

Move the installer ISO you downloaded to /boot/grml (replace filename.iso with the actual ISO filename):

sudo mv ~/Downloads/filename.iso /boot/grml/

Update GRUB:

sudo update-grub

Reboot and select the ISO.
Install the desired flavor of Ubuntu, making sure to install it on the hard drive and not the USB drive.


Have you tried file roller ? It's installed by default in Ubuntu (not sure about Ubuntu Mate, so.....)   ; It's a graphical tool for extracting and compacting files and works by right clicking ,just as winrar in windows.

Try searching for it in the store , or install synaptic package manager and search for "file-roller" (without quote marks). I also recommend you to install the "unrar" package found in synaptic , non-free version.
If you can't find the app store in your system, you can install synaptic by typing in the terminal:

sudo apt install synaptic

It then will ask your password, you can type it normally and hit enter when you done.
After, search for synaptic in the system menu and follow the steps


Open system and settings and select language support.Select the Regional Formats tab,from this tab select the date format you want(English) and then click Apply-System-Wide.Logout and login for the changes to take effect.


If I install a package from a previous version manually, will it be replaced with the newest version corresponding to my current release?

My question is, if I install that package from a Vivid Vervet source manually, will it update on it's own when the package is "returned" to the Wily source?

No because it was superseded by libvpx2, which means it's unlikely that libvpx1 will return to the repositories.

You would need to install the VBox package regardless of the missing dependency (dpkg -i --ignore-depends=libvpx1), edit the dependency inside the package or wait for VBox developers to release an updated version of the package (or install the vivid deb and carry cruft around in your wily install).

I assume that this package is only required for recording a VM session (it's a video codec) so even if libvpx2 turns out to be incompatible basic functionality should work.

Related question: Dependency errors when trying to install VirtualBox 5.0 on 15.10


Did you try unmuting the Rear, Center and LFE using the advanced volume or alsamixer ?

In Ubuntu the only applications that I know to be able to use 5.1 channels are:

Alsa - driver - needs to be unmuted

Amarok - needs to be configured (in graphical options)

Pulseaudio - mixer - needs to be configured (edit a text file in root)

Totem - needs to be configured - (in graphical options)

speaker-test - perfect

Alsa is automatically configured for 5.1 channels - test this with (after unmuting):

speaker-test -Dplug:surround51 -c6 -l2

where "-c6" means six channels, and "-l2" means run the test twice.

To test pulseaudio, open Totem or Amarok configured to play a DTS file and open:

pavumeter

Watch and see if the sounds are distinct on every channel.


Symbolic Link: Creating link from "NTFS Partiton" to ~/Desktop

As you mentioned in comments, creating a symbolic link via GUI works, but it does not work via ln. This is because ln will use relative path sometimes.
For verification, you can create a symbolic link via ln and GUI, then you inspect the properties of this two and you will find the link target is relative path for that create by ln and for the other is absolute path.


how do I change the CSS for a GTK application?

The CSS conventions have changed in GTK+3.20 compared to GTK+3.18

If you look at the GTK documentation - CSS Nodes section

for GtkLabel the CSS should now be

label { color: red; };

in GTK+3.18 the CSS Node was GtkLabel i.e.

GtkLabel { color: red; }


Ubuntu 14.04: Cant run sudo apt-get update or install anything

After wasting 6 hours on this, I used RepoGen Ubuntu Sources List Generator to generate a sources.list and used it. It works.


Run the command (in the terminal)

aplay -l

The output looks like

**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 0: ALC262 Analog [ALC262 Analog]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

The device for this is plughw:0,0. The two zeros come from the device 0 and Subdevice #0.


Can't get an Nvidia driver to work 12.04

Okay so I went back to lubuntu 13.10, the distro I originally wanted (I was just trying LTS to see if it would be better).

No joy with nvidia-current so I added the x-swat ppa and installed nvidia-331. nvidia-current was installing nvidia-304.

Works now.

N.b. if anyone is using this information. Check with the nvidia website which driver you need for your card (331, 304, 319 or whatever), and install that one using apt. Dont forget to run nvidia-xconfig and reboot.


How do I find out the version of Zookeeper I am running?

First you need to have a running Zookeeper server-instance.

Open a terminal, and start the Zookeeper server:

/usr/share/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start-foreground

Note: Zookeeper will not start unless it can write to it's datadir and logfile.

Open another terminal, and replace zkserver1 with the hostname\ip eg. 127.0.0.1 :

echo ruok | nc zkserver1 2181
echo status | nc zkserver1 2181

First line should respond with imok
Second line should respond with Zookeeper version + more.


Boot ubuntu live-disk or gparted live-disk.If you boot ubuntu live-disk,you need to install gparted.Connect to the internet,Open up the terminal and run the below command to install gparted.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gparted

After installation of gparted partition Editor completed,open it from the dash.
Then rightclick on the partition which contains Ubuntu os and select Fortmat To option then format it to ntfs filesystem.So that the windows os will be installed on that partition.

Then boot windows live-disk,and select custom option (to choose in which partition does the windows os is going to be installed) then install the windows os on the formatted ntfs partition.That's all.
Note: Backup your precious datas before uninstalling ubuntu.


Menu to let me choose OS to run in a dual boot machine

You should try holding down the Shift key after you would hit F12, example, don't hit F12 just hold down Shift and it should bring up the grub menu.

This should allow you to choose which option to boot into, if that works you should boot into Ubuntu and run the Startup Manager to change the timeout.

The command to run Startup Manager should be startup-manager iirc, in case you don't have it installed. From there it should be self explanitory as you only need to change the timeout to something like 3 seconds. Now when you close this is should update grub automatically.


Setting nautilus-open-terminal to launch Terminator rather than gnome-terminal

Nautilus-Actions
We may define our own right-click context menu items with nautilus-actions.

Run the Nautilus-Actions Configuration Tool either from the Dash, or from a terminal with
 nautilus-actions-config-tool

In the Action tab give your action a sensible label, e.g. "Open in Terminator" and choose to display this in the selection or the context menu.

Next open the Command tab to enter the commands to run

Give in the full path to your command (/usr/bin/terminator) and program options (--working-directory=%d/%b) for opening the current path in Terminator.

After logging out and in again (or just restarting nautilus with nautilus -q) the right click context menu below will be displayed:


How to add space disk to VM Ubuntu 16.04 on Xen server

Inside the Ubuntu VM:

Install gparted (opening the Terminal and typing sudo apt-get install gparted)
Open gparted (either via the Applications menu or sudo gparted from the Terminal)
If you see a swap partition, take note of its size. Then right-click on it and select swapoff
Delete the swap partition
Extend the "main" partition with the remaining space, but leaving a space almost the size of the swap partition you just deleted
Create a swap partition of the remaining size, with linux-swap as file system
Click on the green tick to apply changes
Right click on the new swap partition and click swapon

Source: StackExchange answer


Win 8 not recognized while installing 12.04.2

could you try shrinking your windows partition from within windows and then using a costom install option to create your partitions manually, altho that seems a bit advanced for you. Im guessing you are new to this.

maybe these will help

https://askubuntu.com/questions/264735/ubuntu-12-04-installation-not-detecting-pre-installed-windows-8
Cannot detect Windows 8 from Ubuntu 12.04 Live USB installation on Toshiba qosmio x870


Yes, you can use any one of those sums to identify a package.

Back in the early days of Debian, before apt, before Ubuntu, back when dpkg roamed the Earth freely as the apex package manager, Debian users manually downloaded packages and then manually ran md5sum to verify a non-corrupt download. md5sum went out of style about 20 years ago, as early iterations of apt began to automatically verify downloads as part of the new repository system.

Debian shifted from md5sum to more-secure sha1 and later to much-more-secure-sha256 as the project's security gurus determined that greater and greater computing power over the decades made their packages vulnerable to sophisticated attacks.

However, many legacy packaging methods (like debhelper) and infrastructure (like alioth) threw errors if the older hashes were not also generated. Cleaning out legacy infrastructure is a complex problem. It's not the code; it's the people who have set up workflows that rely upon their favorite tools, and don't really want to change. They are volunteers, so compelling change is rarely a realistic option. So infrastructure cleanup is slow. However, note that this community's willingness to openly discuss change, and to accept that change might be slow, is arguably one of Debian's great strengths.

Someday md5 and sha1 will be gone. But Debian isn't quite there yet.


There is a difference between Ubuntu for Android and using Ubuntu on android. Ubuntu through a loop file using chroot and (maybe) VNC is running Ubuntu (for ARM, technically). The Ubuntu for Android that I linked to is an addition to android that is something different - they may use a similar technique, but I don't think so, as from their description it sounds more native than that, and only runs through a secondary display (as many higher end phones have some kind of hdmi capability these days). In any case, near as I can tell, it is provided for phone manufacturers only at this point as something to include with their devices, and not something for the average joe (yet... I hope that will change).


User is not in the sudoers file.The incident will be reported

The reason for this is the user through which you enter commands is not the part of "super user" group. All the users in "super user" group can execute command as a root user. Therefore, even if you specify the correct password for that specific user unless it is part of "super user" group" it cannot execute sudo.
To solve the issue you need to add this user to the sudoers file.
To do this you can follow these commands :
sudo usermod -aG sudo user

Replace the user with the username you want to add to the sudoers. The -aG option tells the system to append the user to the specified group. (The -a option is only used with G.).
As you can see to add someone to the sudoers you first need a user who can exercise the "super user" rights. So either add this user to sudoers or you can use the user which is already added in "super user" group.
You can also read this
P.S.
On some Linux distributions like Ubuntu, the root user account is disabled by default for security reasons. This means that no password is set for root and you cannot use su to switch to root. This explains the reason for su:Authentication failure
One option to change to root would be to prepend the su command with sudo and enter the currently logged in user password:
sudo su -

However it is not recommend to switch to root user to perform actions as it will have permission issues when you try to access or make changes later.


LibreOffice 7.0 offline help missing dependencies

You can try installing the missing dependencies using
sudo apt-get install -f


If windows is installed in uefi, you have to boot your ubuntu installation in uefi too. During installation you have to manually allocate your partitions, that is to says :

Create a partition for efi (250MB)
Create a partition for swap (2xRAM)
Create an EXT4 partition (disk space remainder)

After the installation your computer will still boot first to your windows, so you will not have access to grub. To change that, change the boot order in your bios and make ubuntu uefi in first position. You should have access to grub and you will be able to choose what launch between windows and ubuntu.


How do I show memory use graphically in the Xfce panel?

Just like Network Monitor, you have System Load Monitor, this can show you the CPU, RAM and swap usage on the Xfce panel, and even the uptime.


If you install Ubuntu in EFI/UEFI mode, it will use GPT by default. It will probably also use GPT when you install to an over-2TiB disk, although I've recently discovered some cases when it won't do that. (This was when using MAAS to do a fast-path install in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, though, which is relatively exotic.)

If you want to be 100% sure of what you're getting, create your partitions ahead of time. If you use gdisk, you'll be pretty much guaranteed of getting GPT, unless you jump through gdisk's hoops to translate to MBR. If you use GParted or parted, be sure to create a partition table of type GPT.

If you boot in BIOS mode, I recommend you create a BIOS Boot Partition and a separate Linux /boot partition early on the disk (under the 2TiB mark; but as the first two partitions is likely to be simplest). The reason is that there's a bug that prevents some systems from booting when critical boot files are above the 2TiB mark. This seems to be primarily a BIOS bug, but the workaround is to be sure that the BIOS isn't asked to access anything beyond 2^32 sectors itself, which can be done by putting /boot and the BIOS Boot Partition below that point. Note that this is a BIOS bug; it doesn't affect any EFI when booted in EFI mode, AFAIK.


Hard drives do not want to go to sleep/standby automatically on Ubuntu 16.04 server with LXD/LXC 2.0

Somehow the gui tool ("Laufwerke" in german maybe "disks" in english)  from the gnome-disk-utility could do the change which hdparm -S could not. You have to select the device in the ui and than type E in the keyboard, a scheduling window will appear where you can set up the timeout... I did the changes for each device of the raid.


What did I do wrong in my dual drive partitioning?

You wrote... "'I've formatted Windows 10 from my (dual drive) notebook" (hybrid being a term with a very different meaning) but what I see is you've removed Windows 10, made the HDD your boot and OS drive with a dedicated swap partition, and made the SSD /home.

If you reinstall Ubuntu, first erase both drives. Boot from your LiveUSB using gparted, unlock all drives showing a key icon in the second column, click the checkmark in the icon bar, and close gparted.

Run installation again, and install to the SSD only.  When you choose manual partitioning, it gives you the choice of which device to install to, which should be /dev/sdb .

With Ubuntu 18.04 and later, you do not need a dedicated swap partition unless you intend to use Hibernation (and that's easy to change later if you do find a need for Hibernation).

Once installation is complete, then reboot so you're running from the SSD without the LiveUSB attached. Then, use gparted again, and re-partition and reformat the HDD into one large ext4 partition.

You can then use the HDD for media storage in addition to what's in the SSD.


How to create an admin account after my admin account got deleted

First add a user name through this command

adduser <username>

You can then add a user to the sudo group with with the command:

sudo adduser <username> sudo

Note that versions of Ubuntu until 11.10 will use admin as group instead of sudo


Probably the best one is not to use PPAs. I have no custom PPA so I have this candidate for installation:

$ sudo apt-cache policy r-base
r-base:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 3.0.1-3ubuntu1
  Version table:
     3.0.1-3ubuntu1 0
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy/universe amd64 Packages

Once you have the PPA you should purge it

sudo ppa-purge ppa:yourppa/ppa

This will revert the software automatically to the default version available in universe.


How to find out which packages have been installed from .deb files

Open Synaptic, click Status and choose Installed (local).

Also check your history: File -> History

Also in Software Center at Installed - the Unknown category


View Your Mind accepts .vym files as command line arguments and is able to open them properly. But the problem resides in the default .desktop file shipped with the package.

You should edit /usr/share/applications/vym.desktop. To do so;

open a terminal and type:

sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/vym.desktop

Find the line containing:

Exec=vym

Add %f at the end of that line. It should look like:

Exec=vym %f

Save and close the file.

Now Nautilus knows that View Your Mind is able to open files. Just right click on a .vym file, and go to "Open With" context menu. If you don't see View Your Mind in the list, click on "Other Application..." and "Show other applications" respectively and choose View Your Mind from the list.


Installing NVidia 410 and CUDA 10 on Ubuntu 18.04

Well it will apparently remain unclear what the error was, as the server crashed and needs to be re-setup as it wont reboot properly.

Anyhow, I manually added the repositories by adding the URL to /etc/apt/sources.list and adding the key manually via apt-key add file.pub, where I had manually copied the entire public key to file.pub beforehand.

This worked and allowed me to install from said repository, even though the "normal" way still wouldn't work.


I'm not sure, but the installer UI seems to reside in the ubiquity-slideshow-ubuntu package, and there is a Persian translation interface for Kubuntu at Launchpad.


How to get debuginfo package for -rt kernel

You've compiled your own kernel and there is no matching Ubuntu package. Therefore

sudo apt-get source linux-source-$(uname -r)

or in your case

sudo apt-get source linux-source-3.14.3-rt4

fails and gives the output

Unable to find a source package for linux-source-3.14.3-rt4

Download the kernel again (kernel, patches) and enable debug symbols as described here.


Seems the windows bootloader is set to ask at startup: check your boot.ini using msconfig.exe (from start-run... ).


What is recommended size or ram for ubuntu 64bit virtualbox host?

I am fortunate enough to have 32 GB of the stuff, so I give it up to 10 or (once) 18, but my host is permanently using 10GB because I use both.

I would advise you go for 1500MB, as that should run reasonably well. You might find it runs smoother (even in the VB) if you use an alternative Desktop Environment (DE) such as XFCE or similar. I sometimes switch to that for RAM heavy stuff - even with 32GB.

The minimum is 512MB, but it honestly is not a pleasant experience with any less than 1GB, unless you use an alternative DE.


juju bootstrap node roles and responsibilities

This is the node where juju is running on. It is the basic node in your environment and it will control all the other nodes.
Yes, Zookeeper is on this node.
Zookeeper is a java-application which is running as a deamon on the first node - the bootstrap node. It is runnig with the user zookeeper.
If this node is destroyed, your whole environment is destroyed. You can try this by type juju terminate-machine 0. Juju won't do it and give you an error.
No, one environment can have only one bootstrap node. With this node is the whole environment build and administrated, so it can't exist more then one bootrap node in this organization.


how to unity avoid in preseed file ubutu12.04

Avoid unity-desktop:
If you want to avoid unity desktop and rather have a CLI you'll have to edit the /etc/default/grub file. This link explains how:

How do I disable X at boot time so that the system boots in text mode?

Unable to login:
It's because you suppose the password to be "ubuntu", but its not... as,
printf ubuntu | mkpasswd -s -m sha-512

is not the correct way to specify the password to generate the hash.
You should do it this way:
echo "ubuntu" | mkpasswd -s -m sha-512

or simply:
mkpasswd -s -m sha-512

and then enter the password (ubuntu, as in your example).
Use the sha-512 hash thus generated.


I have a ESXi 5.0 installed and when I am Installing Ubuntu Server 12.04 LTS it is giving an error saying grub installation failed?

I got exactly the same GRUB boot loader error message when trying to install Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Server under VMware Player 4.0.3.

I then went back to basic installation and at a certain moment you are asked which kernel you are going to use. I chose the second option, i.e. linux-virtual and then it proceeded to reinstall basic services as well as grub and Ubuntu login screen came up.

I keep using 4.0.3 since it seems to be the last version containing vmnetcfg.exe in its cab folder which can be extracted with /e switch, as VMware stopped including this in the newer versions. VMware Player 5 certainly does not have it.

Of course you can opt to use VMware Workstation 8.0 or 9.0 if the money were not the issue.


Installed by automatic method and manual way but no luck to run

You probably need to set your environment variables correctly.
Edit the system path file /etc/profile using your preferred text editor:
sudo vi /etc/profile

Add following lines at the end:
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME
export JRE_HOME
export PATH

Then log out back into Ubuntu to set the paths.


I ended up installing the  clonezilla iso onto my flash drive and setting my computer to boot from my flash drive.  Then I followed the tutorial below to use a disk to disk option of clonezilla

Clonezilla Disk To Disk How To


.desktop files not executing via double click, only from terminal

Nautilus no longer allows the launching of .desktop files thru it. (nautilus)

The only way to double click > launch is to have the .desktop file on your Desktop.
Even then you'll need to set it to allow launching, likely thru the right click context menu.

Other file managers such as nemo aren't encumbered in this regard.


How to make notification panel popup tray transparent in GNOME 3

The calendar & message tray's colour, transparency, font etc. in GNOME are dictated by GNOME shell theme. Now in general it's very hard and not advisable to tweak the default GNOME shell theme.
As a workaround you may try using other GNOME shell themes. For example the following themes have (semi-)transparent calendar & message tray:

Dark Mode
Hybrid-Night-Pack
Glassful 3.14
Saydam

You can find many more at GNOME-LOOK.ORG.

How to install a shell theme

Install (GNOME) Tweaks if already not installed by running
sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool

Install and/or active the User Themes extension.

Get a theme of your choice from GNOME-LOOK.ORG or some other source (e.g. GitHub). It should be an archive (e.g. zip).

Extract the archive to ~/.themes.

Launch Tweaks and navigate to Appearance > Themes > Shell.

Click on the drop-down box, your theme should be listed in the drop-down menu. Select it.


How to fix the black screen issue before installing Ubuntu16

After search and try, then I find the solution,

just as the first image above, select Install Ubuntu, then type e then replace quiet splash with nomodeset, then press F10 to boot


Ubuntu only lets me use 10GB of my 305GB hard drive

I am about the farthest thing from an expert on this, however if you "wiped your whole damn computer", then why not download a new installation and start afresh? When installing, you have the option to allocate the desired amount of HDD space to the Ubuntu OS. If all your data is truly gone, or there was nothing of importance, then just reinstalling the OS should take care of your problem.


Please download this package onto the flash drive: http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.169.3_all.deb Reboot into Ubuntu and drag and drop the package to your desktop. Then open a terminal and do:

cd ~/Desktop
sudo dpkg  -i linux-firmware*.deb
sudo modprobe -r iwlwifi && sudo modprobe iwlwifi

Is your wireless working now? It may take a reboot.


Grub is not fully installed. You can install grub by

sudo apt-get install grub-pc


530,5.7.0SMTP server error: MAIL FROM command failed Detail: Authentication Required

sudo apt-get install libsasl2-modules

In /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd add these things
[Smtp.gmail.com]:587 gmailusername:gmailapppassword
sudo postmap /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd sudo chown root:root /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd.db sudo chmod 0600 /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd.db

Add below lines at end of main.cf
# enable SASL authentication

smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes
# disallow methods that allow anonymous authentication.
smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
# where to find sasl_passwd
smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd
# Enable STARTTLS encryption smtp_use_tls = yes
# where to find CA certificates smtp_tls_CAfile = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
sudo service postfix restart

Hope your issue will resolve


Firstly download the Ubuntu ISO from the Ubuntu official website (it is free). Then go and find the UNetBootin app for installation on all platforms. Then make your USB bootable from the Other computer and try re installing Ubuntu.

I hope this works for you!


How to tell which processes are uploading and downloading data (and how much)?

I think the program Nethogs perfectly suits your requirements. From the description:

  NetHogs is a small 'net top' tool. Instead of breaking the traffic down
  per protocol or per subnet, like most tools do, it groups bandwidth by
  process.

You can find this tool in the package nethogs, so install it with

sudo apt-get install nethogs

The tool is started with the following command:

sudo nethogs <if>
# e.g. sudo nethogs eth0

The output looks like this:

You can cycle through various display modes with M; this will toggle between different measurement units and bandwidth usage vs. data amount.

The update interval can be set with the -d option, as described in the manpage nethogs(8).


How to increase memory allocated to java? java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space

In my system I have edited the file

/etc/init.d/tomcat

with these rows

HEAP="-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m"
export JAVA_OPTS="$HEAP"

After restart tomcat you can see in the status section the memory allocated


uninstallation of an application doesn't remove files in ~

The "purge" option to apt-get should remove the package and associated configuration file(s)...

sudo apt-get purge <package_name>

The apt-get man page (http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/en/man8/apt-get.8.html) says,

purge is identical to remove except that packages are removed and
purged (any configuration files are deleted too).


How to send e-mail on startup on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS?

First, check if you can send email. I am using mailutils to send email, the way to send email is:

    echo "system start" | mail -s "start" youraccount@xx.com

Second, add a systemd task to listening the boot and shutdown event.

create a file /etc/init.d/myemail, then add the following scripts.
sudo update-rc.d myemail defaults
now its done.
Tips: some email provider will intercept your email, since your email account is not like a common email format.

#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          myemail
# Required-Start:
# Required-Stop:
# Default-Start:     1 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 6
# Short-Description: on boot and shutdown send a email.
# Description:
### END INIT INFO

PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin

. /lib/lsb/init-functions

case "$1" in
  start|status)
        echo "system start" | mail -s "start" youraccount@xx.com
        date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S   --start" >> /var/log/myemail.log
        ;;
  restart|reload|force-reload)
        echo "Error: argument '$1' not supported" >&2
        exit 3
        ;;
  stop)
        echo "system poweroff" | mail -s "poweroff" youraccount@xx.com
        date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S   --stop" >> /var/log/myemail.log
        ;;
  *)
        echo "Usage: $0 start|stop" >&2
        exit 3
        ;;
esac

return 0


Ubuntu studio 13.10 migrating from Ubuntu 13.10

You can do a light cleanup if you use autoremove:

sudo apt-get autoremove

Of course, that wouldn't take it out all, so you may need bring big guns, so use deborphan:

sudo apt-get install deborphan
sudo deborphan

Aside from that, I don't know exactly what packages overlaps and which not, but this is the safest method to remove unused packages.


Why are the files downloaded while Installing MS Office fonts "exe"?

Because the exe's contain the fonts - I don't think they are installed as Window does them, they are extracted (EDIT: on windows they self-extract, thanks @JakeGould)

To see this, you can download one (I did this one), and open it up in file-roller (Archive Manager):

Ubuntu and other people probably can't distribute the fonts directly to licensing things from MS - the exe's probably count as 're-distributable' under the EULA linked in the installer's prompt:

Including this bit and probably other stuff in it:

  1. GRANT OF LICENSE. This EULA grants you the following rights:

  Installation and Use. You may install and use an unlimited number of copies of the SOFTWARE PRODUCT.
  Reproduction and Distribution. You may reproduce and distribute an unlimited number of copies of the SOFTWARE PRODUCT; provided that each
  copy shall be a true and complete copy, including all copyright and
  trademark notices, and shall be accompanied by a copy of this EULA.
  Copies of the SOFTWARE PRODUCT may not be distributed for profit
  either on a standalone basis or included as part of your own product.

  2. DESCRIPTION OF OTHER RIGHTS AND LIMITATIONS.

  Limitations on Reverse Engineering, Decompilation, and Disassembly. You may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble
  the SOFTWARE PRODUCT, except and only to the extent that such activity
  is expressly permitted by applicable law notwithstanding this
  limitation.
  Restrictions on Alteration. You may not rename, edit or create any derivative works from the SOFTWARE PRODUCT, other than subsetting when
  embedding them in documents.


Will I have to reformat my disk that is running ubuntu 13.04 64bit after upgrading my Motherboard and CPU? details inside

No, so long as your hardware is all Linux compatible it should boot right up.


touchpad not working in ubuntu 16.04 in dell inspiron 3521

It looks like you have a similar problem to the people in this forum.
The following command installs the Synaptics TouchPad driver for X.Org server. This package provides the necessary drivers/software to enable use of the touchpad on many laptops.
sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-synaptics
If running this command does not work, please provide more details about your system, specifically:

what is the brand and model of your computer?
what is the output of lspci?
if your mouse is a USB mouse, plug it is. What is the output of lsusb?

If the sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-synaptics command does not work, then any more context you can give will be helpful in further diagnosing your issue.


I fixed it. I made an init.d script to start minecraft at boot. It runs as user westwolf, me,  and NOT root, because running as root made things a pain...
http://pastebin.com/hvwfjBrj
I made a few other scripts for crontab jobs, like a noon reboot and an auto backup. For an ingame reboot my sh looks like this, and can be set as the "Restart Scripts" in spigot.yml, and used in the game as /restart:
!/bin/bash
echo "YOUR PASSWORD" | sudo -S reboot
exit
If interested in a safe backup script, mine looks like this:
http://pastebin.com/DjVXhuae


How can I push a personal git repository on Launchpad?

There is no separate place for "junk" branches in git versus repositories for projects.

You just add a remote of git+ssh://USER@git.launchpad.net/~USER/+git/ and push to that, as per the Launchpad Help on Git.