There's not that much wrong. The error message essentially means that you don't have a high enough version (or different version than required) of libc6.

It means the program was compiled against glibc version 2.17, and it requires that version to run, but your system has a different version installed. You'll need to either recompile the program against the correct version of glibc that's on your system, or install a newer version of glibc (the "libc6" package in Debian).

So, you just need to upgrade your libc6 package.

To upgrade it, use these commands in the terminal:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libc6


Encrypted 3TB USB drive GPT /GUID shows wrong size in ubuntu 12.04/64bit

As a general rule, this symptom is almost always either a driver problem or a hardware problem.

What's happening is that something along the line is taking a 64-bit value and truncating that to 32 bits. This results in a drop of 2 TiB (2048 GiB) in the disk's apparent size, as reported by most disk utilities. Attempts to access beyond the 2 TiB mark are likely to "wrap around" to the front of the disk, resulting in incorrect reads or damage when the disk is written. Thus, you should NOT attempt to write to the disk until this problem is solved!

This problem is common on external disk enclosures with firmware that uses 32-bit fields to store critical sector information. It's generally necessary to replace such enclosures if you want to use an over-2TiB disk. Since you say that the disk works fine in Windows, though, this is most likely not the problem. One notable exception: If you prepared the disk in Windows as an internal drive and have since transferred it to an external enclosure, you could see the symptoms you report. The solution is to replace the enclosure with one capable of handling over-2TiB disks.

The other common cause of this symptom is a driver issue, but the usual problem reports in this case come from Windows users. Linux's USB disk stack has long supported over-2TiB external disks (with proper 64-bit firmware), and the driver stack is identical for most external disks. It could be that there's a bug in the specific kernel you're using, though, so you could try upgrading your kernel (or downgrading it to an earlier version, if you're using the latest version). There are also a handful of model-specific drivers in the kernel, and I don't know how they'd work (or fail to work) with over-2TiB disks.

In either case, another possible solution is to change interfaces. If the disk supports both USB and another interface, such as eSATA or FireWire, you could try the other interface. That might bypass whatever bug is causing the problem -- but you'll have to be very careful to never use the buggy interface if you do it this way!

As to TrueCrypt, I can't comment on it, since I have no experience with that technology. (Edit: If you've installed some TrueCrypt drivers in Linux, it's conceivable that they're the source of the problem and would have to be removed or upgraded to fix it.)


18.04 clean server installation fails on `curtin command block-meta'

I had the same error with the installer trying to remove an LVM partition.

After the install fails, select go to command line. From there:

$ sudo fdisk -l (to see the drive name and see the partitions)

$ sudo parted

p

select /dev/sda (or whatever your drive is named)

p (too show the partitions and their numbers)

rm 1

rm 2

(etc until they are all gone)

q

$ sudo fdisk -l (verify the partitions are gone)

Reboot and install again.


Assuming you are using this one, 3.3.1 is currently building for Maverick (10.10). I assume lucid is still to follow.

If you really can't wait, then you can always go and build it yourself by grabbing the source code.


My music seems to be in "unknown artist" in everywhere but banshee

You can check the file properties in Nautilus, and see if they have the tags still. If they don't, then you can manually edit them in Banshee and see if they keep the tags (just to be sure it wasn't some one time glitch).

If they don't keep the tags, you can use a tag editor like Puddletag to manually add the tags.


Can I Run Ubuntu 12.10 or 13.04 on an ATI XPress 200 graphics card?

you would have to install all of them and just split up your hard drive by portioning it. Then every time you turn on you computer it will ask you which one you would like to run with.


Can't install GNOME due to an unmet dependency on gnome-core

Take a shot at sudo apt-get install -f.  Should fix missing dependencies, although I can't be certain I understand the problem.

Hope it helps!


I would like advice on a ubuntu based web page to expose a pdf and a ftp source directory

Maybe use an HTML <object> of type='application/pdf' to render PDFs with the plugin in the web browser.


Exception while running the simple sh script

change == to -eq:

#!/bin/sh
a=10
b=20
if [ 10 -eq 20 ]
then
   echo "a is equal to b"
else
   echo "a is not equal to b"
fi

BTW: You have set the variables a and b, but you are not using them. I suppose you intended:

#!/bin/sh
a=10
b=20
if [ $a -eq $b ]
then
   echo "a is equal to b"
else
   echo "a is not equal to b"
fi

See man test for what the expression in the [ ] looks like. = is for string comparisons, -eq, -gt, etc. are for integer comparisons.


Since Ubuntu disables the root account by default, why not disable root shell access also?

If that were the case, you would only be able to run commands with sudo one at a time, but you would not be able to start a root shell.
A root shell is convenient in many cases, e.g. if you are planning to run multiple commands as root in a row.

Specifically, you could not run sudo -i, as AlexP noted. From man sudo:

-i, --login    Run the shell specified by the target user's password database entry as a login shell.


How do I create a desktop wallpaper slideshow?

If you use it to manage your photos and like it easy I recommend to use Shotwell, which should be installed by default.

Open it:

Select the photos you want to be set as background slideshow:

Open File → Set as Desktop Slideshow or press Ctrl+B:

Adjust time settings:

Done.


Jason Millward has released a Python script Autorippr that does just that. It checks the DVD/BR drive every 5 seconds and calls on MakeMKV when it detects when a DVD/B-R is inserted. It will then fetch information about the movie from IMDB, and finally rip the whole disc.

I haven't tested it yet but I am planning on building a headless server with Ubuntu Server and installing a blu-ray drive for backing up my collection. Check it out and let us know if it works out for you.

It's available in his Github repository.


Steam requires BETA "Experimental" drivers. Is this safe?

Please understand that Steam is under beta at the moment and requires features not present on the drivers supplied on the official repositories from Ubuntu.

Use at your best discretion and learn how to revert to previous drivers before upgrading them.

They should be considered stable-ish, in the end its up to you.


How do I disable compiz and enable metacity with the command-line?

Running metacity --replace from a virtual console doesn't work because it doesn't know which X11 display to attach to. The default behavior is to attach to the display it runs in...and a shell running in a virtual console isn't on any X11 display.

Instead, you must manually specify the display. It will be :0 unless you've configured your X11 display differently. (Even if you have multiple monitors, it will still be :0 unless you've changed your X11 configuration.)

To do that, use this command:

metacity --display=:0 --replace

If that does't work, then try manually killing the compiz process first. To do that:

Run killall compiz. Wait a few seconds. Perhaps compiz will respond to this signal and terminate.
Run killall -KILL compiz. This almost always ensures that compiz will be immediately terminated.

Step 1 is optional, but can help processes free some resources and finish up some kinds of important actions (like writing buffered data to files).


Failed to download repository information-xubuntu

It looks like the mirror you are using does not have the 14.04 packages.

If you go into Settings -> Software and Updates on the first tab labeled "Ubuntu Software" you can select another mirror from the drop down labeled "Download from"


click tools --> preferences ---> video

first try changing output to opengl before disabling acceleration.


No access to my ubuntu OS after ubuntu upgrade from 12.X to 14.04

assume: you have only one computer
now you cannot update(you are sure the reason is network fail)

as all can work, you need graphical and network to get back

graphical problem

graphical problem may be caused by driver, so you can reboot your pc, press e to edit the boot option when display system choosing menu(if not display,try press shift when rebooting, then press e to edit the boot option); add nomodeset after option 'linux ...quite ...'(you can google nomodeset), this may workaround the driver problem

apt-get update problem

update problem, if it is really network problem as you said. the eaiest way to fix it is using twisted-wire; or you can try your phone with usb conneted to the pc as a wifi adaptor(it's easy for android)

PS: to check the network problem please do not use 'apt-get'

Finally, all above not working, try reinstall(keep /home partition not formatting), this is the final solution


If backup and reformat is an option, you can use the option -N of mkfs.ext4:

-N number-of-inodes
      Overrides the default calculation of the number of  inodes  that
      should  be  reserved  for  the filesystem (which is based on the
      number of blocks and the bytes-per-inode  ratio).   This  allows
      the user to specify the number of desired inodes directly.

I searched through man tune2fs but it seems that this number can't be changed on a existing filesystem (tune2fs is the command used to change an ext2-4 filesystem).


This is a code limitation - handling just modifier keys is different to handling a key combination including modifiers, and I didn't think that anyone would want to use just Super as the summon key.

You also end up with odd problems like Unity (and GNOME Shell) is having, where only Unity gets keypresses which contain Super.

It'd be possible to implement modifier-only keybindings, but I'm not sure how much effort it would be. I'd accept a clean merge request or patch implementing this, but I'm not planning on implementing this myself in the near future.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/do/+bug/1093004


Windows filepath converted to Linux filepath

There would be a way to do both replacements at once using sed, but it's not necessary.

Here's how I would solve this problem:

Put filenames in array
Iterate over array

filenames=(
  'C:\Users\abcd\Downloads\testingFile.log'
  # ... add more here ...
)

for f in "${filenames[@]}"; do
  f="${f/C://c}"
  f="${f//\\//}"
  echo "$f"
done

If you want to put the output into an array instead of printing, replace the echo line with an assignment:

  filenames_out+=( "$f" )


USB and CD data cannot be read or mounted in 12.10

The error message indicates that your NTFS file system is corrupt. Actions like pulling out the drive while write is happening, power failure and etc., can corrupt your drive. You could run chdsk /f on Windows as the error message suggests. Or you could use the suite of tools provided by the ntfsprogs package to fix the corruption. You could follow the instructions available at http://wmarkito.wordpress.com/2010/12/29/how-to-fix-mftmirr-does-not-match-mft-record-0/


When you search your problem in google everything is about Windows so I think you frogot to delete the System Reserved Partition and your pc is trying to boot from there. Just delete it and your done.


How can I change the permissions of a mounted window share?

The permissions for a windows share are determined at mount time, and cannot changed at run time.

If you want different permissions, you have to manually mount the partition and provide options to the command to give all files and directories the required permissions.

Also, you can set the permissions in /etc/fstab, that in addition to the noauto option should allow to mount with nautilus with option determined in fstab.

The command could be

sudo mkdir -p "/media/New Volume"
sudo mount -o uid=1000,gid=1000,umask=0022 /dev/sd1 "/media/New Volume"

where 0022 is the complement to 755 = rwxr-xr-x, /dev/sda1 is the windows partition, and 1000 is your numeric user id and group id.


Unable to connect Internet to Xubuntu 14.04 with wired connection

ipconfig lists a section for 'etho' and 'lo'
You you have an IP in the eth0 entry? Perhaps your machine doesn't get a DHCP IP...


How many instructions can be stuffed into iptables without loosing system sanity?

I think I have found a solution via this article and IPSet seems to be the answer

In sum:

If set of IP addresses contain thousands of items iptables performance decreases (actually, performance of netfilter, as soon as iptables is just a tool for managing firewall). Your CPU load can increase too. Fortunately there is a perfect solution – ipsets

IPSet is the perfect tool if you want to:

Store multiple IP addresses or port numbers and match against the
collection by iptables at one swoop;
Dynamically update iptables
rules against IP addresses or ports without performance penalty;
Express complex IP address and ports based rulesets with one single
iptables rule and benefit from the speed of IP sets

Installing ipset is straight forward sudo apt-get install ipset

Then run the following

ipset -N autoban iphash ––hashsize 4096 ––probes 2 ––resize 50

Add it to your iptables chain. It can differ depending on your firewall settings. Here we use ethin chain.

iptables -I ethin 2 -p tcp -m multiport ––dport 80,443 -m set ––match-set autoban src -j DROP

Now you can add all bad IP to your ipset. For instance, you have text file called bots.txt with one IP per line. So you can add them to ipset using simple bash script:

for i in $( cat /tmp/bots.txt ) ; do ipset -A autoban $i ; done

To check run:

ipset -L autoban


Getting error while installing Matlab R2016a

This error indicates that you do not have permission to write to the licenses folder.

First change to the directory with the activation client.
cd /usr/local/bin/glnxa64
Then run the activation as follows:
sudo -E ./activate_matlab.sh

Source:

https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/101497-why-do-i-get-an-error-could-not-complete-activation-because-the-license-file-could-not-be-written-t?requestedDomain=www.mathworks.com


Unlikely this is a CPU overheating issue.  However, if you can find an inexpensive, faster/more cores used CPU that your mobo supports you could well see a performance bump.  You already have a good amount of RAM and an SSD so there probably isn't a lot more you can do to tweak out a little more performance on that old platform.

It's a fact that with each software advance, legacy computers just get that much slower.  So long as web pages are loading quickly and the response is generally good, I wouldn't worry that much about pegging the CPU.  Obviously, your hardware is nearing the end of it's useful life but kudos for milking as much utility out of your old gear as you can.


What are correct permissions for Thunderbird?

I just examined my ~/.thunderbird/abcd0123.default
directory and the files therein and observed the following:

Files

Allmost all files have -rw-------, in particular none has an x flag.
Some files have -rw-r--r--
Some files have -rw-rw-r--
There doesn't seem to be a pattern which file has -rw-rw-r-- and which has -rw-------.
Some *.msf files have -rw-rw-r-- while others have -rw------- and they aren't any
different.
The additional group rw is irrelevant because all files are owned by me and my group anyway
and no one else (besides me) is member of my group.

Directories

Almost all directories have drwx------
Two (of 56 in my case) have drwxr-xr-x but again: I don't see why because they aren't any different from the others.

Conclusion

If you want to cleanup the permissions, I suggest the following commands (make sure to exit Thunderbird first):

cd ~/.thunderbird
find $your_profile_dir -type f -exec chmod 600 {} +
find $your_profile_dir -type d -exec chmod 700 {} +

Also make sure all files are owned by you and your group:

cd ~/.thunderbird
sudo chown -R dan:dan $your_profile_dir
# (replace "dan" with your actual username)

Maybe it's advisable to make a backup first, e.g.:

cd ~/.thunderbird
tar -c -z -f $your_profile_dir.tar.gz $your_profile_dir

(whispers) I wouldn't because if the new permissions turn out to be wrong you can
simply revert them back to your current situation (find … chmod 755 …)


You have to install libdvdcss2 from the VideoLAN repository:

Add the VideoLAN repository

Open Ubuntu Software-Center
In the menu select Edit -> Software Sources...
Add the VideoLAN repository to your package sources:

Select the tab Other Software
Click Add...
Paste the following line into the text field:
deb http://download.videolan.org/pub/debian/stable/ /

Confirm by entering your password

Add the VideoLAN repository signing key:

Switch to the Authentication tab
Download this file to some location that you can remember(like your Downloads directory):http://download.videolan.org/pub/debian/videolan-apt.asc
Back in the Software & Properties window click Import Key File...
Select the file you have just downloaded and click OK
How the Software & Updates window should look like:

Close the Software & Updates window by clicking Close
Wait for the Updating cache process in the main Ubuntu Software-Center window to finish

Install the libdvdcss2 package

In the Ubuntu Software-Center window search for libdvdcss2
Select the Library designed for accessing DVDs
Click Install

Confirm by entering your password again
Enjoy!


Assuming that the solution is to purge and reinstall as you suggest:

Generally, the command to purge a program foo is sudo apt-get purge foo, or sudo apt-get remove --purge foo. So for this case (the package in question is gnome-mahjongg) you need sudo apt-get purge gnome-mahjongg, which will also uninstall the mahjongg package (these are two separate packages, but mahjongg depends on gnome-mahjongg.

Alternatively, in Synaptic, you can choose the option "Mark for complete removal", this is synonymous with purge.

Then, you can just reinstall as usual (i.e. sudo apt-get install mahjongg or simply install via Synaptic)

If this still doesn't work, an alternative would be the KDE Mahjongg game, kmahjongg, which can be installed simply by typing sudo apt-get install kmahjongg.


Ubuntu 18.04.3 Laptop Completely Freezes When Hitting the Caps Lock Key

Installing the razer keyboard driver which you can find here:
https://terrycain.github.io/razer-drivers/

After installing the driver you should see it doing
$ lsmod | grep "razerkbd"


How can I remove the drm from an ePub file?

This is the simplest way that I have found:

Install Adobe Digital Editions using winetricks
winetricks adobe_diged
Download and install ePUBee within the same wine prefix used by Adobe Digital Editions
$ cd ~/Downloads
$ wget http://download.epubee.com/ePUBeeePUBDRMRemoval.exe
$ WINEPREFIX=~/.local/share/wineprefixes/adobe_diged/ wine ePUBeeePUBDRMRemoval.exe
Start Adobe Digital Editions and login to your adobe account
Add your DRM'ed books and wait until they are readable (decrypted)
Run ePUBee. It should automatically decrypt any files added to Adobe Digital Editions to ~/.local/share/wineprefixes/adobe_diged/drive_c/users/${USER}/Application\ Data/decrypt/
Use Calibre or your favorite ePUB management tool to get the ePUB's onto your reader


su: Authentication Failure, stopped working

I think you're confusing some commands up and how to properly execute things as superusers (such as wifi driver installations)

Firstly, su does not execute commands as superuser, not unless you're executing it with su root -c 'COMMANDHERE WITH ARGUMENTS'.  However, by default there is no root user/password you can use su with on Ubuntu, so you can't make this work properly.

Secondly, to execute commands as superuser, you should be doing sudo command, which will execute the command as superuser, provided  your user is in the /etc/sudoers file or in the sudo group.  This is the commonly accepted practice for Ubuntu.

Thirdly, if you absolutely need to get into a root prompt (and you VERY RARELY would need to do this), you can do so with sudo -i which is a little more secure since it requires you to be a sudoer to execute the command.


Why don't you use Terminator?

sudo apt-get install terminator

You can then split your terminal in so many tiles as you wish. Just click with the right mouse button on the terminator window and split the window either horizontally or vertically.


You can add a cd command and the directory of your desire to the .bashrc file, you can edit it with vi, nano, or append the output of echo to that file, something like:
echo "cd /mnt/c/Users/joey/Desktop" >> ~/.bashrc


chown is a command that allow you to change the permissions of a file, is not only for scripts, so you can use it with any tipe of files. I'll help you creating an script that will be executable ons tart up, but first you need to get your root password back (the post you posted before )

For creating a new script, tipe on terminal

sudo nano mynewscript.sh

And edit it. Make sure you start the script with #!bin/bash. Ctrl + x and save the file.

Now you must make it executable. Run

sudo chmod ugo+x mynewscript.sh

Where u means user, g groups and o owner.

For moving it to init.d run

sudo mv mynewscript.sh /etc/init.d/mynewscript.sh


Personally, I set myself as the owner with www-data as the group:

sudo chown -R konapun:www-data domain-root-name

and then set the permissions to 754 (konapun: rwx, www-data: rx, other: r):

sudo chmod -R 754 domain-root-name

If Apache has to create any files (temporary files, or maybe a templating engine which compiles templates), I set those individual directories to 774.


How I can set-up MySQL on Lubuntu for education purpose?

Get mysql server status by entering sudo service mysqld status

If it is not running start it by entering sudo service mysqld start

If you get service not recognised message, install mysql server by entering:

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

This will install mysql, then start it by entering sudo service mysqld start


I can not change the BIOS to boot with flash drive

After changing the boot order in bios to set USB as the first option then  save the changes.And make sure that your bootable usb drive was connected.


Booting ISO from Fedora GRUB2 Menu
The method on this page should work for booting an Ubuntu ISO from the Fedora GRUB bootloader  20.04 booting .iso from GRUB menu  No need for a USB here.
To reiterate:

Add the following menuentry to /etc/grub.d/40_custom:
menuentry "isoname ISO" {
  rmmod tpm
  set root=(hdX,Y)
  set isofile="/[path]/[isoname].iso"
      loopback loop $isofile
      linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=$isofile toram --
      initrd (loop)/casper/initrd
}

Where (hdX,Y) is the disk and partition the ISO is on, for example /dev/sda3 would be (hd0,3).  [path] is the path to the folder the ISO file is in, and [isoname] is the name of the ISO, for example /isos/ubuntu-20.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso is used if the Ubuntu ISO is located in a folder named isos on the root partition. rmmod tpm is only needed when booting in UEFI mode.

In Terminal run:
sudo update-grub

Reboot and select Ubuntu from the grub menu. Install as usual.

Please let us know how this works for you.


Tell a networked scanner to scan via command line?

First of all you need to install the driver.

Go to Epson Drivers Site and search for your scanner model.

If your system is 64-bit, you will need these packages:

iscan_2.30.1-1~usb0.1.ltdl7_amd64.deb
iscan-data_1.36.0-1_all.deb
iscan-network-nt_1.1.1-1_amd64.deb

After you install these drivers you will need to edit /etc/sane.d/epkowa.conf file and add there a line

net <ip_address>

where <ip_address> is the IP of your scanner.

Then you will be able to scan using scanimage utility.

You can see how to use it by running

man scanimage

If you have only one scanner connected, the default command is

scanimage > output_file


If you have already done sudo halt, sudo shutdown -h now, sudo shutdown now or even init 0 and the system still does not actually shutdown, I suggest to first see in the logs which process is not shutting down correctly. I would start with syslog:

cat /var/log/syslog or better yet tail -n50 /var/log/syslog and see if there is anything in there mentioning the problem.

As you mentioned, you have removed several apps that you thought were the issue, even removing postgresql because it was the one that was showing as shutting down too slow.

Another very important part to check is your BIOS. Make sure, in the power management settings has the correct options enabled or set so that an OS can shutdown the computer.

Lastly, you can check some kernel options to see if the problem is power management related. In the terminal type:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

and on the line that says:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

Add in the second line one of this options:

noapic - Will turn off APIC.
acpi=off or noacpi - Will turn off ACPI.
acpi=force - Will Force use of ACPI.

It should look like this after editing (Example showing noapic)

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="noapic"

More information about this 2 options in What are the F6 options during installation?

After setting one of those, save the file and type in the terminal sudo update-grub. then reboot and test to see if the system shuts down.

If you still have a system that does not shutdown and has what you commented:

gnome-session[2464]: WARNING: Unable to stop system: Authorization is required

You might be suffering from one of this bug reports

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity-greeter/+bug/861171
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/rabbitmq-server/+bug/670289
(App Related, but might apply to another specific app)
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/upstart/+bug/880240
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/netbase/+bug/903825

You will find there suggestions that go from editing /etc/default/halt to changing the order of some services in the rc folders (rc0.d...rc6.d).

What I would suggest, at least until the bug is eliminated is to do a sudo kill -9 PROCESSID or sudo killall PROCESSNAME command on the process that is giving you a problem.


Why is my ubuntu studio 16.04.3 LTS installer freezing?

Apparently it had to do with the NVidia graphics card. This did the trick:

Installing Ubuntu 16.04 on MSI GE72MVR, system freezes when I restart


How to do ant style file filtering when copying files

In the bash shell, you can enable this behavior by setting the shell globstar option e.g.

$ shopt -s globstar
$ cp -v **/target/*.war ../target
`a/b/c/target/Z.war' -> `../target/Z.war'
`a/b/target/X.war' -> `../target/X.war'
`a/target/Y.war' -> `../target/Y.war'

You can turn the option off again (unset) with shopt -u globstar. Type help shopt at the bash prompt for more information about shell options.


how to install imagemagick for php7 on ubuntu?

Just do:

sudo apt-get install php-imagick

This should install imagick for PHP 7.0.


How to list all virtual machines created using qemu-system-x86_64?

Each VM started with qemu-system-x86_64 corresponds to a process on the host machine. This means that a list of qemu-system-x86_64 processes corresponds to the list of VMs that are currently running on the host.

ps -ef | grep qemu-system-x86_64

This will list all the qemu-system-x86_64 processes, their pids and the parameters used to start the VM.


How to download Grub2 for Mac installation

You don't need to download GRUB, because it's part of Ubuntu. (Not really, but it'll work for this case.)

If you install Ubuntu, you'll be installing GRUB too. Ubuntu takes care of that for you.


Unfortunately your root partition is not based on LVM, so the way to expand the filesystem has to be expanding the RAID md0. The output of lsblk suggests there is an LVM installation on your md128, but I don't know if there are logical volumes (and therefore maybe active data) on that drive. You could find out with pvscan, vgscanand lvscan.

Before continuing, make sure you have a valid backup of all your valuable data!!

If there are no (valuable) data/no mounted partitions on md128, you can just stop md128 and add the two disks to your md0 to first increase the total space on /dev/md0:

mdadm --stop /dev/md128                   # this will break the md128
mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sdd1 /dev/sdd2  # this will add two hot spares to md0
mdadm --grow /dev/md0 --raid-devices=5    # this will extend md0 to five disks

This could take a very long time (hours to days), as the RAID has to be resynced.

If there is an mdadm config file (/etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf) , you will have to change that to reflect the new configuration.

Now that /dev/md0 has been increased (you may see with fdisk -l /dev/md0), you have to increase the root partition. As /is on md0p1 and swap on md0p5, which is a logical partition in the extended partition md0p2, you first need to move md0p5/md0p2to the end of md0. You can do this with gparted. As the gpartedfeature list says that RAID is only supported in offline mode, you will have to reboot from an installation medium to try ubuntumode and then start gparted.

Select md0as the device to change, then move the extended partition (md0p2) to the end of the 'disk', and afterwards increase /dev/md0p1. This should resize the filesystem too; so in the end your root partition and filesystem will be increased.

Be aware that this process is not without risk, especially if you are new to linux/raid/filesystems. I am not able to describe the process in all details with pictures, as I do not use mdraid at the moment.

As there is already a RAID1 on sdd/sde with maybe LVM prepared, you might also do an easier (and less risky) solution, moving some data to a filesystem on the second RAID and mount that somewhere below / (e.g. move home). If that would be practicable to you, I could give support for that, too.


Did you ever manually edit your grub.cfg file?

Anyways, you might want to backup your current grub.cfg file by typing the following command in terminal:

sudo mv /boot/grub/grub.cfg /boot/grub/grub.cfg.bak

and then generate a new one by typing:

sudo update-grub

If anything goes wrong (it shouldn't though) you can restore your previous grub.cfg file and then update grub again by typing:

sudo mv /boot/grub/grub.cfg.bak /boot/grub/grub.cfg && sudo update-grub


It looks like it's the error log that's filling up, not the access log.

Check the error log level ("LogLevel") in the config file located at /etc/cups/cupsd.conf.
It should normally be "LogLevel warn" or "LogLevel error". If it's set to "debug" you will get a ton of messages you don't need.
Check the error log (/var/log/cups/error_log) for errors.
Given the size, I would do tail -500 /var/log/cups/error_log > cups_errors, and then look at cups_errors; this file will only have the last 500 lines of the full error.


Can't install Steam dependencies on Ubuntu 19.04

I solved the issue by installing newer version of Mesa with the oibaf's PPA: https://launchpad.net/~oibaf/+archive/ubuntu/graphics-drivers
Probably the issue was generated to begin with because i left the Paulo's PPA for Mesa after upgrading to 19.04, i'm not sure. I hope it helps someone else.


Compiling C++ inside a folder in Ubuntu 12.04

You were in your home folder (/home/law) when you issued the g++ first.cpp command. But first.cpp is located in the sourcecodescpp folder. To compile first.cpp, you must either enter the folder that contains it:

cd sourcecodescpp

(Then the output file will, by default, be created inside sourcecodescpp.)

Or qualify its name with the name of the folder that contains it:

g++ sourcecodescpp/first.cpp

(Then the output file will, by default, be created inside your home folder.)


Packaging: Enable universe from an Ubuntu .deb package

AFAIK, No, there is no such feature. And user should do it by him/herself. However, I am not aware if the new software center has such feature because if may have it own indexes (APT don't download lists from non active repositories).
I would give two possible options:

Put a note in the package description about it.

Make them optional, and put note for user in its launcher that tool requires some packages from universe to whatever features.
sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt update
sudo apt install ...

You could go far and include these commands without sudo in a script or as an option in your tool, that user can find and quick to run it.


Does Lubuntu use all the latest drivers etcetera?

Lubuntu, which is a part of Ubuntu, uses exactly the same drivers and all the software from Ubuntu is readily available. There's also no problem of just installing it from within a normal Ubuntu install and then you can choose when you login. I've also been told, but not confirmed, that you can run indicators for Unity on LXpanel. You can install just LXDE by installing http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/lxde, which is recommendable if you want to replace the shell, but still use Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, etc. Lubuntu replaces all of those, but then there's nothing wrong with installing them as well. http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/lubuntu-desktop for the entire package.

In other words, there is nothing wrong with using Lubuntu. The benefit from using Unity is that you get far easier and faster access to data and apps, along with some nice window handling capabilities. But if you can live without those and want a really snappy DE, then LXDE is quite nice.


Can't solve the /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 100% space used problem Ubuntu Server 20.04 running on VirtualBox

Finally i solved it in this way:
The host where i had the problem was a VirtualBox VM Ubuntu Server 20.04 so i had to redimensionate the disk by:
VBoxManage modifymedium --resize 90000 /home/xxxx/xxxx/xxxx.vdi

Now i used Gparted live cd from here
Used the tool to add the free space to sda
Now we can go again to the VM and make the steps from Ubuntu Server 18.04 LVM out of space with improper default partitioning


Cannot connect to another machine via ssh

Can you please restart your computer to undo this iptables -F?

If you want to allow FTP why not running:
ufw allow 21/tcp
ufw enable

next please install nmap and check if the port is reachable at all:
apt-get install nmap

then:
nmap -p 22 192.168.8.103
and
nmap -p 21 192.168.8.103

Post the results, I am curious if the ports are reachable at all.


ssh-agent needs to provide variables to your environment, so the right way to use it is:

eval $(ssh-agent)

then, you can use ssh-add to add keys to your agent. Read man ssh-agent;man ssh-add.

For example (YMMV):

w3@aardvark:~(0)$ env | grep SSH
SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/run/user/1003/keyring-ozv0oa/ssh
w3@aardvark:~(0)$ eval $(ssh-agent)
Agent pid 26624
w3@aardvark:~(0)$ env | grep SSH
SSH_AGENT_PID=26624
SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/tmp/ssh-FUVLa89gGIpt/agent.26623
w3@aardvark:~(0)$ ssh-add -l
The agent has no identities.
w3@aardvark:~(1)$ ssh-add
Enter passphrase for /home/w3/.ssh/id_rsa:
Identity added: /home/w3/.ssh/id_rsa (/home/w3/.ssh/id_rsa)
w3@aardvark:~(0)$ env | grep SSH
SSH_AGENT_PID=26624
SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/tmp/ssh-FUVLa89gGIpt/agent.26623
w3@aardvark:~(0)$ ssh-add -l
2048 a7:56:f0:86:ab:d3:ec:56:3c:84:05:9e:61:38:a9:7b /home/w3/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)
w3@aardvark:~(0)$


Radeon proprietary driver and Upgrade to 16.04 from 14.04

I install aptitude to solve the problem it downgrade some packages that a have in raring to older version in xenial. Now a get a graphical loggin screen but it freezes....


In Ubuntu 20.04 Desktop what does "Encrypt the new Ubuntu installation for security" actually encrypt?

It encrypts the whole partition which Ubuntu is installed on. For more detailed answer, see this: What are the advantages/disadvantages of the new encryption feature in ubuntu 13.10


How to compile ffmpeg with https support

Add --enable-openssl,
This is what I use. Make sure the library is inatalled, debian: sudo apt install libssl-dev, or redhat: yum install -y openssl-devel

PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH" PKG_CONFIG_PATH="$HOME/ffmpeg_build/lib/pkgconfig" ./configure \
  --prefix="$HOME/ffmpeg_build" \
  --pkg-config-flags="--static" \
  --extra-cflags="-I$HOME/ffmpeg_build/include" \
  --extra-ldflags="-L$HOME/ffmpeg_build/lib" \
  --bindir="$HOME/bin" \
  --enable-gpl \
  --enable-libass \
  --enable-libfdk-aac \
  --enable-libfreetype \
  --enable-libmp3lame \
  --enable-libopus \
  --enable-libtheora \
  --enable-libvorbis \
  --enable-libvpx \
  --enable-libx264 \
  --enable-libx265 \
  --enable-openssl \
  --enable-nonfree
PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH" make
make install
hash -r


Specific modules not Importing after cloning Git repository

It's likely that you are importing a sympy other than the one you intended.

You can debug which sympy you are importing using sympy.__file__ and sympy.__version__ which should give you more information on which one you are using, and help debug things.

If that doesn't work it might also be worth checking that the git repo has the appropriate files you'd expect in sympy/ (e.g. abc/ etc).

Alternatively if you aren't concerned with using the latest code form github, just do pip install sympy instead to get the latest version into your virtual environment.


The mouse works fine... just plug and play.


time [command] returns the time taken for the command to complete.

steven@wind:~$ time du /storage -s
du: cannot read directory `/storage/lost+found': Permission denied
1548584024      /storage

real    0m4.046s
user    0m0.224s
sys     0m1.496s
steven@wind:~$ time sleep 5

real    0m5.003s
user    0m0.000s
sys     0m0.000s
steven@wind:~$


Message on each startup of Java after upgrade to 15.04

This PPA is to get Unity AppMenu and HUD support for applications like NetBeans IDE, IntelliJ IDEA, Android Studio etc., as described here. So, unless you want this you can delete the package using sudo apt-get remove jayatana (and as the stackoverflow thread suggests, removing /usr/share/upstart/sessions/jayatana.conf and restarting your computer). I am not sure if this is by default installed by 15.04 because it is not listed in the author's repo.


If your monitor cannot display more than 60fps, it does not make any sense for the graphics card to go any faster since you won't be seeing it.

It is swapping buffers with the vertical sync signal (to prevent things like window tearing), there might be ways of disabling this behaviour, but really, why would you want to do that since there is no benefit and will make the picture look worse?


Boot freeze with Logitech Unifying Receiver

Try changing the physical USB port that it is connected to on your computer. If it is in a hub, try moving the hub and/or the usb device itself.


nouveau is the built-in (open source) driver for Nvidia graphics cards. What the error is telling you is that nouveau had trouble getting the Nvidia card to go into the power state necessary for the system to hibernate.

Two possible solutions:

Try the binary Nvidia drivers instead (go to System Settings...Additional Drivers); if that doesn't work try the different versions of Nvidia drivers that may have worked for others with your specific card series/model (google, search askubuntu, etc.)
See this answer on how to try an alternative hibernation method (TuxOnIce) which is reported to be compatible with a wider variety of hardware. Of course, it may or may not work....


Ubuntu booting issue after getting rid of Windows

This isn't an MBR issue as you are using a UEFI system.

There should be 2 main boot EFI folders with the following paths: a) /boot/efi/EFI/Boot, and b) /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu. a) should have these files: bkpbootx64.efi, bootx64.efi and grub64.efi. b) should include: fwupx64.efi, grub.cfg, grub64.efi,mmx64.efi and shimx64.efi. mmx64.efi operates Mokmanager and with shimx64.efi is responsible for booting up via a 'Secure Boot'. The Secure Boot option is available in your BIOS. So it seems likely that mmx64.efi is missing with Secure Boot enabled.

First of all I'd go into BIOS and disable Secure Boot, then save settings and see if GRUB menu appears and you can boot from it. If not, then boot up from live flash drive, mount sda1 and check in terminal to see if all 'efi' files are present as well as in the relevant folders as above. If they are there and you weren't able to boot on your HDD then a re-install is probably necessary, but then  mount sda2, find your 'home' folder and back it up if you haven't done so. While you're in live Ubuntu I'd give boot-repair one more try. It's not let me down on the rare occasion I've had boot problems.


What would be the different features of Ubuntu 15.04?

The release notes point to the blueprints that have a good summary of work done for 15.04.


20.04 LTS boot hang Matrox G200ew after successful install

Make sure the xorg mga driver is uninstalled, boot in recovery and modify /etc/gdm3/custom.conf. You need to uncomment the line near de beginning that disable Wayland. The mgag200 driver is included in the kernel and works with xserver-xorg-video-modesetting (included core xorg driver.

The xorg mga driver is not meant to be used with those integrated chipset.


Is it possible that Ubuntu gets infected with a botnet?

Yes, it is possible but it can only happen if you either install software from sources that are not worth your trust or if you give away your passwords (and let someone else install software from sources nor worth your trust so basically it is 1 problem ;) ).

So if you keep yourself to Ubuntu Software Center and do not download random tar/zip files you are very safe. However, also be aware that some PPAs (personal package archives) could similarly be infected; the fact that they are installed by aptitude does not make them any less of a threat. Be careful if you read a blog and decide you want to add a PPA to your sources list without doing exactly the same level of thoroughness you would with a random tar or zip.

That is basically also Windows' problem: people download at random whatever they find on the web. So they are bound to run into programs that have been altered to mail passwords or other things to someone else.


You could change the folder permissions of Shared to all and create a symbolic link in /home. This would allow others to access your shared folder. Here is how you do it:

sudo ln -s /home/elliot/Shared /home


See here for general instructions:
https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/install-ubuntu-desktop#1-overview
Your computer might not try to boot from DVD by default. Some PCs have a key combination that will open a boot menu to select what device to boot from (hard disk, DVD, USB):
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/b/boot_menu.htm
Try F10 or F12 or F2 or Esc.
If that doesn't work, go to the BIOS and temporarily change the boot order to try booting from DVD first. What key you need to use to get to the BIOS depends on your PC; it might be any of Esc, F8, F2.


How to have the Taskbar with Unity at the same time?

It is no longer possible to use Gnome Panel 2 with 11.10 since Gnome 2 has been deprecated. You can use Gnome Panel 3, though. There are also several other panels to choose from. If you only want the taskbar, then I would recommend having a look at xfce4-panel since it works better with multiple screens and supports more plugins/applets. Lxpanel is also nice, but isn't quite as good at multiple screens. Keep in mind that these panels are just apps, so you install them, run them and remove them just as you would with other apps.

How to install and use xfce4-panel with Unity

Install http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/xfce4-panel
Press alt+f2 and type xfce4-panel.
Give it a try and see if you like it.
If you don't, press alt+f2 and type killall xfce4-panel to stop it. It will not start automatically on next login.
If you do like it, open Startup applications from your power cog (the menu in the top right where you log off, etc). In the dialog that appears, click add and fill out the fields. Name can be anything, but use xfce4-panel for both name and command so you remember it. From now on, Xfce4-panel will be run automatically at login. You'll need to custimize it a little bit, and then it'll look something like this:

How to install and use lxpanel

A second option is lxpanel. This is also a quite nice panel to use, designed for the very light-weight LXDE. It is just as easy to install and use as the xfce4-panel and, like xfce4-panel, it provides other useful plugins/applets.

Install http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/lxpanel
Press alt+f2 and type lxpanel and make sure you actually run "lxpanel" and not "lxpanelctl".
Have fun exploring it.
If you don't like it, press alt+f2 again and enter killall lxpanel
If you want to keep it, and use it by default (which isn't obligatory), open Startup applications from your power cog, click add and enter "lxpanel" for name and command. Lxpanel is actually a little bit easier to use since it requires less configuration to begin with. You will want to configure it, of course. Mine looks like this:

How to install and use Gnome Panel 3 as a bottom panel

Using Gnome Panel 3 is a little more difficult, since it's less mature than Xfce4-panel and lxpanel, and doesn't have as good GUIs to configure. Furthermore, it defaults to using an upper panel, which will conflict with your Unity panel. So there are a few extra steps to perform.

Install http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/dconf-tools
Install http://apt.ubuntu.com/p/gnome-panel
press alt+f2 and type dconf-editor.
Navigate to /org/gnome/gnome-panel/layout.
Change "toplevel-id-list" to say ['bottom-panel']. In other words, remove the top panel.
press alt+f2 and begin to type gnome-panel, but stop when you see it in the results and click the entry labeled "gnome-panel". (Possibly due to a bug, entering "gnome-panel" and pressing enter will run "gnome-panel-screenshot" instead.)
Now that you have a bottom Gnome Panel, try it out for a while and see if you like it.
If you don't, press alt+f2 and enter killall gnome-panel. If it doesn't go away immediately, do it again.
If you do want to keep it, then open Startup applications, click add and fill out the fields, using "gnome-panel" for name and command. That way it'll be used automatically when you login.

It is possible to customize Gnome Panel 3 further, but you'll have to do it using dconf-editor, manually entering configuration strings. I prefer the plain one:


Go to System Settings -> Text Entry and remove all additional input sources from the Input Sources to Use box.


Install GRUB(2?) to PBR or MBR? (Intend to chainload Lubuntu from Syslinux/ISOlinux)

Referencing the syslinux.org documentation, chain.c32 can direct booting to a particular bootloader and particular partition. In my case, Lubuntu booted by simply using ...

COM32 chain.c32
APPEND hd0 5
text help
   Boot into Lubuntu
endtext

... as Lubuntu created a logical partition and installed itself on the first partition therein (usually the first partition in a logical partition is designated the fifth partition).

I believe this could be used to boot other OS installations by sending the boot sequence to the partition, and if necessary, specifying a loader (such as ntldr for windows)

Perhaps my original question came from a confused perspective - I wanted to still chainload GRUB from syslinux. Although this [text above] answers how to boot into Lubuntu using the Syslinux I have as MBR bootloader, I'd still like to have GRUB (or GRUB2) on a different partition, so that I can play with that installation and learn by doing. I'm open to direction on how to do that, and will happily mark that as the answer to my question.

Edit to add: Referencing this blog post, there are options to cross-chain-load many different boot loaders. I'm just trying to get Syslinux to chainload GRUB.


Your C: and D: drives in Windows are in fact not actual disks, they are partitions, or you may call them logical disks. These partitions may be located on two separate physical disks or they may be two partitions on a single physical disk. So the first thing to know is how many actual physical disks you have inside your laptop - one or two? (Edit: I see from the comments that you have two physical drives actually, so I adjusted the rest of the answer for that case.)
Linux does not use such names as C: or D:. It uses names like /dev/sda for the first disk and /dev/sda1 for the first partition on first disk. But you normally use these names only in very specific situations, like system installation, because during normal system use, the partitions are mounted and appear as one common filesystem not being divided between multiple "drives". For example, /home folder may be physically located on the partition you call D: in Windows, and everything else except the /home folder may be located on the partition you call C: in Windows (it depends on how you installed the system), but you don't see any difference when you normally browse through folders' contents.
If you install Ubuntu using default installation, it will use only one physical disk, create a single partition on that disk and put everything there. So if you plan to remove Windows and install only Ubuntu, the only thing is to make sure that it installs on the disk that is currently your disk C:. If this is the first disk (/dev/sda), then Ubuntu should choose it for installation automatically.
However, your second disk (Windows D:) will not be mounted in the system with this type of installation, so Linux will not use it directly. However, you should see this unmounted drive icon when browsing your computer contents, and if you double-click on it, it should be mounted automatically and you will be able to use it.
However, this is a bit inconvenient as your second drive will be mounted in some strange location like /media/username/F6065D30065CF35B. If you want to have it in a more convenient location, like eg. /data, you can use custom installation mode.
In this mode you manage partitions on disk yourself and tell the installer exactly what partition Ubuntu should use for what purpose. So, if /dev/sda1 is your Windows partition, you tell the installer to format it (delete the contents), and mount that partition on the root file system, named just /. This is where your Ubuntu system will be installed. Your other partition is /dev/sdb1 and you tell the installer to not format it and mount it for example on /data folder.
Of course you need to understand well what is on what partition if you plan to use custom installation mode. When you boot up your computer from a live version of Ubuntu, you can find an application called GParted. This is a partition editor that lets you view what disks and what partitions are there in the computer. You can also optionally delete and/or create partition with it, if it will be needed.


How to install VirtualBox from command line?

Open a terminal and execute:

sudo apt-get install virtualbox

which should work.

Once you have installed it you probably want to install guest additions in the guest OS.

Also you probably want the extension pack which you can get from here:

https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads

Make sure you get the correct version.

As of Xenial 16.04, you can also get the extension pack from the Canonical repositories. Go to the terminal and execute:

sudo apt install virtualbox-ext-pack

Therefore, as of Xenial 16.04, you should be able to get virtualbox and the extension pack by typing the following:

sudo apt install virtualbox virtualbox-ext-pack

Following the instructions on your screen.

To install the user interface to manage your virtual boxes use this command

sudo apt install virtualbox-qt


How to use both mouse buttons simultaneously as middle-click?

It appears a bug existed but was fixed. Check this duplicate issue.

You can also use the resource posted in the Ubuntu Wiki.

TL;DR

  If you have a 2-button mouse and need middle-mouse emulation, here are the steps to follow to request adding a quirk for your hardware:

  Create a file named /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/middle-mouse-button.conf with the following contents:

     Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "middle button emulation class"
        MatchIsPointer "on"
        Option "Emulate3Buttons" "on"
     EndSection

  If you use GNOME 3 or Unity, an additional step is needed. Execute the following command

     gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true

  Otherwise, GNOME 3's settings will override X's.

  Restart X, and verify this works.
  File a bug with the title "Quirk for 2-button mouse ", like this:

     ubuntu-bug xserver-xorg-input-evdev

  Attach to the bug report the output of 'sudo lsinput' and 'sudo dmidecode'


I was able to resolve the issue by installing missing packages. Those are the steps I performed:

I set the QT_DEBUG_PLUGINS to 1 with export QT_DEBUG_PLUGINS=1 command and ran xnview from the same command line. It returned the following output:

QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() checking directory path "/opt/XnView/lib/platforms" ...
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqlinuxfb.so"
Found metadata in lib /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqlinuxfb.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "linuxfb"
        ]
    },
    "archreq": 0,
    "className": "QLinuxFbIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 331520
}

Got keys from plugin meta data ("linuxfb")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqminimal.so"
Found metadata in lib /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqminimal.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "minimal"
        ]
    },
    "archreq": 0,
    "className": "QMinimalIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 331520
}

Got keys from plugin meta data ("minimal")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqminimalegl.so"
Found metadata in lib /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqminimalegl.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "minimalegl"
        ]
    },
    "archreq": 0,
    "className": "QMinimalEglIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 331520
}

Got keys from plugin meta data ("minimalegl")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqoffscreen.so"
Found metadata in lib /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqoffscreen.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "offscreen"
        ]
    },
    "archreq": 0,
    "className": "QOffscreenIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 331520
}

Got keys from plugin meta data ("offscreen")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqvnc.so"
Found metadata in lib /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqvnc.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "vnc"
        ]
    },
    "archreq": 0,
    "className": "QVncIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 331520
}

Got keys from plugin meta data ("vnc")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqwayland-egl.so"
Found metadata in lib /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqwayland-egl.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "wayland-egl"
        ]
    },
    "archreq": 0,
    "className": "QWaylandEglPlatformIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 331520
}

Got keys from plugin meta data ("wayland-egl")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqwayland-generic.so"
Found metadata in lib /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqwayland-generic.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "wayland"
        ]
    },
    "archreq": 0,
    "className": "QWaylandIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 331520
}

Got keys from plugin meta data ("wayland")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqwayland-xcomposite-egl.so"
Found metadata in lib /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqwayland-xcomposite-egl.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "wayland-xcomposite-egl"
        ]
    },
    "archreq": 0,
    "className": "QWaylandXCompositeEglPlatformIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 331520
}

Got keys from plugin meta data ("wayland-xcomposite-egl")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqwayland-xcomposite-glx.so"
Found metadata in lib /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqwayland-xcomposite-glx.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "wayland-xcomposite-glx"
        ]
    },
    "archreq": 0,
    "className": "QWaylandXCompositeGlxPlatformIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 331520
}

Got keys from plugin meta data ("wayland-xcomposite-glx")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqwebgl.so"
Found metadata in lib /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqwebgl.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "webgl"
        ]
    },
    "archreq": 0,
    "className": "QWebGLIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 331520
}

Got keys from plugin meta data ("webgl")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() looking at "/opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqxcb.so"
Found metadata in lib /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqxcb.so, metadata=
{
    "IID": "org.qt-project.Qt.QPA.QPlatformIntegrationFactoryInterface.5.3",
    "MetaData": {
        "Keys": [
            "xcb"
        ]
    },
    "archreq": 0,
    "className": "QXcbIntegrationPlugin",
    "debug": false,
    "version": 331520
}

Got keys from plugin meta data ("xcb")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() checking directory path "/opt/XnView/platforms" ...
Cannot load library /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqxcb.so: (libxcb-icccm.so.4: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory)
QLibraryPrivate::loadPlugin failed on "/opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqxcb.so" : "Cannot load library /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqxcb.so: (libxcb-icccm.so.4: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory)"
qt.qpa.plugin: Could not load the Qt platform plugin "xcb" in "" even though it was found.
This application failed to start because no Qt platform plugin could be initialized. Reinstalling the application may fix this problem.

Available platform plugins are: linuxfb, minimal, minimalegl, offscreen, vnc, wayland-egl, wayland, wayland-xcomposite-egl, wayland-xcomposite-glx, webgl, xcb.

Aborted (core dumped)

I checked for missing packages with ldd /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqxcb.so  | grep "not found"

ldd /opt/XnView/lib/platforms/libqxcb.so  | grep "not found"
    libxcb-icccm.so.4 => not found
    libxcb-image.so.0 => not found
    libxcb-keysyms.so.1 => not found
    libxcb-render-util.so.0 => not found
    libxcb-xkb.so.1 => not found
    libxkbcommon-x11.so.0 => not found
    libxcb-icccm.so.4 => not found
    libxcb-image.so.0 => not found
    libxcb-keysyms.so.1 => not found
    libxcb-render-util.so.0 => not found
    libxcb-xkb.so.1 => not found
    libxkbcommon-x11.so.0 => not found
    libicui18n.so.56 => not found
    libicuuc.so.56 => not found
    libicudata.so.56 => not found

I installed the missing packages.

sudo apt install libxcb-image0
sudo apt install libxcb-keysyms1
sudo apt install libxcb-render-util0
sudo apt install libxcb-xkb1
sudo apt install libxkbcommon-x11-0

Problem solved.


Apt commands must be executed with super user privileges, normally through the use of sudo. This usually requires you entering your passphrase. You could set up passwordless sudo on the 2nd machine for apt commands, or more safely for specific apt commands to achieve your goal.

To set up passwordless sudo, you will need to have sudo access already as the visudo commad, used to edit the sudoers file, is another command requiring root level privileges.

To edit the sudoers file with your default text editor:

sudo visudo

Add the following line to allow passwordless access to all apt commands (replacing user with your actual username):

user ALL= NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/apt

It's safer to restrict sudo access as much as possible so if you know the precise commands you're likely to run, enter those instead:

user ALL= NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/apt update
user ALL= NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/apt upgrade

Close the file and save changes to enable the new access level, you will still need to use sudo for your commands but will not need to enter the passphrase.

Be aware that granting passwordless sudo access too liberally can break the security of your system. When done incorrectly it means that anyone that can log in as your user can elevate their privileges to root level and do anything on your system.


How do I enable CGI execution in the root directory of Apache

In your virtualhost config use:

<Directory /var/www/>
 Options ExecCGI
 AllowOverride None
 Order allow,deny
 Allow from all
 AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
</Directory>


The default behavior does not explicitly exclude hidden folders. According to the manual for updatedb.conf, no paths are skipped except for those listed in PRUNENAMES, which is unset by default:

$ cat /etc/updatedb.conf
PRUNE_BIND_MOUNTS="yes"
# PRUNENAMES=".git .bzr .hg .svn"
PRUNEPATHS="/tmp /var/spool /media"
PRUNEFS="NFS nfs nfs4 rpc_pipefs afs binfmt_misc proc smbfs autofs iso9660 ncpfs coda devpts ftpfs devfs mfs shfs sysfs cifs lustre_lite tmpfs usbfs udf fuse.glusterfs fuse.sshfs ecryptfs fusesmb devtmpfs"

To verify this behavior, try:

$ sudo mkdir /.testfolder
$ sudo touch /.testfolder/.testfile
$ sudo updatedb -v | grep /\\.test
//.testfolder
/.testfolder/.testfile
$ locate test | grep /\\.test
/.testfolder
/.testfolder/.testfile


For Question No. 2 it is possible. Have you tried the gnome extension, https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/602/window-list/ which could enable a window list and have a taskbar at the bottom.  This extension is customisable to have your windows ungrouped.


This answer is entirely taken from here.

1) Download both PCManFM-1.0 and libfm-1.0 to a working directory. Download links:

PCManFM: http://sourceforge.net/projects/pcmanfm ... z/download

libfm: http://sourceforge.net/projects/pcmanfm ... z/download

2) Working in a terminal emulator (e.g., LXTerminal), unzip libfm-1.0 in the working directory:

$ tar -xvzf libfm-1.0.tar.gz

3) Change to the new 'libfm-1.0' directory and issue the following command:

$ ./configure --sysconfdir=/etc

Some requirements may not be satisfied. ('intltool,' 'libgtk2.0-dev,' or 'libmenu-cache1-dev' and other dependencies to install in addition to those three packages, but just let synaptic take care of all that)

4) Upon successful completion of 3), issue the following command in the 'libfm-1.0' directory:

$ make

5) Optionally, you can run the following command to make sure everything compiled properly:

$ make check

6) Install 'libfm-1.0' by issuing the following command:

$ sudo make install

7) Working in a terminal emulator (e.g., LXTerminal) in the working directory, unzip pcmanfm-1.0.tar.gz:

$ tar -xvzf pcmanfm-1.0.tar.gz

8) Change to the new 'pcmanfm-1.0' directory

9) Issue the following commands in succesion, waiting for each to complete before the next:

$ ./configure --sysconfdir=/etc
$ make
$ make check
$ sudo make install

10) Kill the current running version of PCManFM by issuing the following command from LXTerminal:

$ killall pcmanfm

11) When trying to start PCManFM from the command line (e.g., $ pcmanfm --desktop), it may indicate that a library (libfm-gtk.so.3) was missing. The library actually may be on the system (in /usr/local/lib/), but not in the place PCManFM is looking (/usr/lib/), so a link is to be created. Two links in fact, to two different libraries (both libfm-gtk.so.3 and libfm.so.3). These are the commands to be used:

$ cd /usr/lib
$ sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libfm-gtk.so.3.0.1 libfm-gtk.so.3
$ sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libfm.so.3 libfm.so.3

12) Issue the following command to start PCManFM (or restart computer):

$ pcmanfm --desktop


Lubuntu 12.04 32-bit
The latest  version of lubuntu will support in your hardware. Download it right now. :-)


NetGear A6100 AC600 wireless adapter not working in Ubuntu 20.04. Worked fine in 18.04. Not same problem as previously

This circa-2014 driver doesn't operate correctly as we see in your various pastes. Let's remove it and try a better driver:
sudo dkms remove rtl8812au/4.3.8.12175.20140902+dfsg --all
git clone https://github.com/aircrack-ng/rtl8812au.git
cd rtl8812au
sudo make dkms_install
sudo modprobe 88XXau

Your wireless should now be working.


No HDMI audio for MSI X370 Ubuntu 13.10 64bit

I found a solution here, and it works "No HDMI audio output from AMD Laptop"

Did a sudo vi /etc/default/grub file from this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

To this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash radeon.audio=1"

reboot, and it works. Thanks.


Why are window borders so hard to click in Ambiance?

This is a reasonably well documented bug, introduced in Maverick (10.10), already fixed in Natty (11.04) and backported to Maverick via PPA.

The bug description has the details you need to fix this, but in summary, you can add this PPA here to apply the fix to Maverick.  NB : I haven't tested this.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bratsche/gtk
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gtk+2.0 - 2.22.0-0ubuntu2~bratsche1

(then remove the repository, perhaps using Synaptic, or the next update you do will get all of his additional packages)

Or if you don't mind the aesthetic, you can simply edit /usr/share/themes/Ambiance/metacity-1/metacity-theme-1.xml.

Set the following values in frame_geometry_normal as desired:

    <distance name="left_width" value="3"/>
    <distance name="right_width" value="3"/>
    <distance name="bottom_height" value="3"/>

Looks pretty ugly though!


Ubuntu won't boot since upgrading to 14.04

I see what your problem is. You are pressing e when it comes up with the grub boot loader (that screen that you took a photo of). The key e is to edit the commands to forward to the Operating System when it boots. Based of of the information provided to me, it seems like you need to press the enter / return key instead. If it still will not boot, try a fresh install of it.


So I semi-fixed the issue, I just started over, I backed up all my documentation and reinstalled Ubuntu Desktop. If any one comes up with a better solution let me know.


The official Oracle MySQL binaries are here in archive format:
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

At the bottom you will see:
Linux - Generic 2.6 (x86, 64-bit), Compressed TAR Archive

Extract, the installation instructions are in the 'INSTALL' text file.


You could take a look at PDF Utilities (poppler-utils via Synaptic or apt-get) which includes pdftotext:

  Poppler is a PDF rendering library based on Xpdf PDF viewer.

  This package contains command line utilities (based on Poppler) for getting
  information of PDF documents, convert them to other formats, or manipulate
  them:
   * pdfdetach -- lists or extracts embedded files (attachments)
   * pdffonts -- font analyzer
   * pdfimages -- image extractor
   * pdfinfo -- document information
   * pdfseparate -- page extraction tool
   * pdftocairo -- PDF to PNG/JPEG/PDF/PS/EPS/SVG converter using Cairo
   * pdftohtml -- PDF to HTML converter
   * pdftoppm -- PDF to PPM/PNG/JPEG image converter
   * pdftops -- PDF to PostScript (PS) converter
   * pdftotext -- text extraction
   * pdfunite -- document merging tool

Of course, success will depend on how the pdf file was generated. If you get what you want as a text file, you could then save that as an .odt file.

Edit: I forgot to provide the source for the quote. It's from the description tab in Synaptic for PDF Utilities (based on Poppler).


Hypotheses:
1) Boot order thing on BIOS.
2) You didn't produce a proper bootable image of win8.
3) You can also try unpowering your device, taking of the battery and holding power for about 3-5 minutes. Then trying again. Another option is on BIOS turning off Virtual Processing(KVM), and then turning on again, if wanted.


The tests were conducted by "Frames per second - More is better" and LXDE beats most of the DE's, aside from certain situations (sometimes XFCE beat it, also a lightweight option), and -

  ...the only non-default run was the specified KDE SC 4.9 run when using
  the easily-exposed option of automatically suspending desktop effects
  for full-screen applications

Which gave KDE quite an advantage.

This article does confirm that you made a way better choice than Unity, as:

  In no test did the Unity desktop yield the fastest performance with
  nearly every time the default Ubuntu desktop being left in last place
  for performance.

[Source]


Why can't record audio in the speaker and mic at the same time?

Usually it's not possible to record audio from two sources at once. You have first to use this solution to route audio from your microphone into the speakers and then record the mix of what you hear in the speakers.


Music player freezes when I switch to one of the terminal window until I login to that terminal

if you mean switching to tty ( usually by Ctrl+Alt+F1 ), then reason of this behavior is pulseaudio running in "user mode"... it was discussed here, maybe it will help

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pulseaudio/+bug/213149


How do I configure my machine so that I can log in with a fingerprint?

Assumed that you are using Ubuntu 12.10.

Install the libpam-fprintd and printd packages from universe.

$ sudo apt-get install libpam-fprintd fprintd

You should see the following.

$ grep fprint /etc/pam.d/common-auth
auth    [success=2 default=ignore]  pam_fprintd.so

Enroll your fingerprint.

$ fprintd-enroll


subprocess error while installing xdman and oracle java8

We probably can not fix this: http://www.java.net does not exist. It might be down or has ceased to exist but the maintainer of xdman probaly did not change the code or submit a change to the code for it to be included.

Installation of xdman can be done from source like this

cd ~/
mkdir xdman
cd xdman
wget -c http://sourceforge.net/projects/xdman/files/xdman.zip/download
unzip download.zip
chmod +x xdman.sh
./xdman.sh

This will install xdman but will NOT install Java.  You need to do that separately. Java 7:

sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer


From init.d to upstart, is there a bridge?

I don't recall seeing a template for this.  Its a bit ironic, however, that technically, its upstart that is starting your init.d script in the first place thanks to the backward compatibility job rc and rcS.

I would consider rewriting whatever you have as an upstart job, however, I know that some scripts are difficult to convert, so here's what I did for a while on some of my scripts:

description "xyz"
author "xyz"
start on runlevel 5
stop on runlevel [!5]

pre-start script
    # do my work here to start the service
end script

post-stop script
    # do work here to stop the service
end script

Now depending on the nature of the service, whether it persists or forks itself, you may need to add expect fork or task to the job file.

Just to complete the thought, usually, this is all there is to a full upstart job file anyway.  All of the pre start work is done, all of the cleanup is done, the only thing remaining is the service itself which is usually added with:

exec service_cmd


Logitech C310 webcam not working well with Guvcview and Cheese

Making Logitech webcams to work in Ubuntu may be a nightmare but you may succeed with some efforts, of which I suggest you to take a look at the list of possibilities mentioned in this previous answer. The Swift Tools Flashcam Project can be useful for you but it is tricky and not fully reliable. It is yet worth a try.

My suggestion for a good webcam will be a Microsoft VX-800 which will work right out of the box with no problem and excellent quality.

Samples of this webcam in action for a production workflow can be seen here and in the latest videos of the official DiarioDebateTV Channel in Youtube, of which I suggest you to see them in 480p quality. This model is what we use for a live broadcast.

I hope you can find this model, it is cheap and will require no additional drivers, patches or programs to work out of the box.

Good luck!


I deleted my home folder, now I can't log in through Unity

You may want to cleanup your ecryptfs setup and startover.

You can do this by removing the /home/.ecryptfs/username folder.


I believe both Ubuntu and Windows require GUID formated partition tables (GPT) on drives larger than 2TB. Most likely your computer is running BIOS not UEFI which isn't a problem except that Windows requires UEFI to use GPT. The drive you want to install Windows on is under 2TB and therefore can be formated in MBR, but because it's not the first boot drive windows can't install. Windows installs it' bootloader to the mbr of the first boot drive, but the first boot drive is Ubuntu, and so it's being detected as GPT which cannot have an MBR entry added. I would sugggest disconnceting all your hard drives except Windows, install windows then reconnect them. This will allow you to boot Ubuntu by default, but if you enter your bios at boot up you should be able to tell it to boot the windows hard drive instead. Please note that some computers don't allow selecting which hard drive to boot from in the bios quickboot list, if this is the case for you then you'll be unable too boot WIndows because Ubuntu will boot first, so you'll need to add an entry to the grub bootloader for Windows.


If you boot back in Windows and delete the partition you created for Linux that should solve your problem. Linux typically operates on an ext3 or ext4 file system that isn't supported in Windows. It's best to therefore leave some empty unpartitioned space on your hard drive and Linux will create a partition itself for you when you install it.


Wifi doesn't work after hibernate but DOES work after suspend

Try sudo killall NetworkManager, as suggested in Network devices unmanaged after resume from hibernation in Ubuntu Gnome 13.10 .
It works fine for me!


How to dual boot only when an USB device is inserted?

If you have a USB drive formatted in the Grub-compatible file system, you can install GRUB there, or even move whole /boot partition. You should create GPT table on USB drive and then a ext4 partition. Then mount it and  install GRUB there. You will have to rename it to a specific name so that it can work without registering it in the motherboard.

grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/usb_mount --bootloader-id=grub
mkdir /usb_mount/EFI/boot
cp /usb_mount/EFI/grub_uefi/grubx64.efi /usb_mount/EFI/boot/bootx64.efi

After that set your motherboard options to try to boot from USB drive first, and from Windows boot partition second. This way, it will boot Windows if USB stick not present.
However, you did not explain why you need this instead of making Windows the default boot entry in Grub that Ubuntu already installed, so that Window boots unless action taken to choose another entry. This is how to do it.


ppa:ikarosdev/unity-revamped stopped working after installing updates

I'm facing the same problem. I checked with the launchpad page of unity-revamped PPA and found that the latest package is not yet built, it was added jus a few hours back and its awaiting build.

Here are the screenshots

After the build is complete try updating and upgrading.


You can use this to check if it left anything behind in one of the system directories:
https://github.com/shundhammer/qdirstat/blob/master/doc/Unpkg-View.md
You'll still have to carefully go through your home directory to check if it left anything behind there.


I had a solution for my HP Mini 110, which may work for you. My issue was that Ubuntu would start booting, but the dots would stop at some point, and there would not be any disk activity on the USB key. The system was hung.

I remembered that there were some power management issues under some other version of ubuntu, so I added the options:

acpi=off
noapic

The first one is the one which seems to make the difference. The second one is harmless but is not required, as far as I can see.

To add this option do the following:

When booting from the USB, if you made your USB key with unetbootin, Press TAB to edit the options.
insert acpi=off on the command line. This is the line where you also see word like quiet or splash
Boot your machine.

Proceed with the installation. When you will reboot, you will have a similar manual change to do the first time. You will need to add the same option on the boot line. This time, you select the first line, but instead of pressing Enter, press letter e to edit it.

Once the installed Ubuntu is started, you need to edit the file:

sudo vi /etc/defaults/grub

insert the acpi=off on the line that starts with GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT. Then enter the command:

sudo update-grub

Your computer startup should be updated. My only issue on my HP Mini 110 is that when I do a shutdown, it does not completely shutdown. The disk is still properly flushed, and there is no apparent data loss. But this is better than no linux at all.


Ubuntu keeps spamming notifications on firefox

It could be adware. It is rather common actually, I ended up fixing spammed notifications for my sister like a month ago, they were fake mcafee notifications. I would:

Run a scan with clamAV
Check the plugins and extensions installed
Take a look at which websites the notifications are coming from, are they notifying you about you’re Twitter feed, or hot singles in your area?

And that’s about it, let me know how it goes!


You don't need to do all of this stuff. Start your Ubuntu 12.04 OS and do the following steps:

Let's start: Open the terminal by whatever way you like it. Now type in the following command:

sudo apt-get do-release-update

When it finishes, reboot and a shiny new OS will be installed without any of your files, cat pictures, applications and everything uninstalled.
However, note that upgrading from 12.04 to 14.04 is very buggy! So you can do it the safe way, which is the third step. If you want to reinstall 12.04 with the exception of it being 14.04 after the reinstall, you can delete the partition of 12.04, install 12.04 again, and again:

sudo apt-get do-release-update

Here's what i said what it was the third way, which is like the second way:
Remove the Ubuntu 12.04 partition and install 14.04 using whatever way you want.


Insanely high power_cycle_count in ssd - Ubuntu 14.04

That looks like a hardware fault to me: the power on hours are way to low for such a high power cycle count (one power cycle for every 1 minute 25 seconds!)

Have the SSD swapped if still under warranty!

Chat logs for any details needed:
http://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/27975439#27975439
http://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/27977527#27977527


Where can I find more wallpaper packages?

If you get bored of downloading a lot of wallpapers packages and still in search of some more then Variety will quench your thirst

Installing Variety

open terminal by CTRL+ALT+T and execute these commands to add repository and install it.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:peterlevi/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install variety

Then open variety from Dash
And get started to dig a lot of features. More you dig more features and wallpaper you'll get.
I have been using it for a very long time and fully satisfied. Could not find any better than this. Thanks to Peter Levi!
See more about variety

Source: peterlevi.com/variety/


ssh: connection to host  port 22: connection timed out

This problem may occur when:
1. Port 22 is closed.
2. Ssh is not installed on the machine.

Check whether ssh service is running or not on the machine to which you want to connect.


USB drive not recognized after Erase Disk

You may have lost the partition

Open Disk Utility from Dash and select click on the partition that you would like to change, or on the unallocated disk space that you will be using for a partition. If the disk space is currently unallocated, it will be labeled "Unrecognized" in the Disk Utility
Click the drop-down menu next to "Create Partition Table," and choose "Master Boot Record." Click the "Create" button at the bottom of the window.
Click "Create." You will see a warning reminding you that this process will remove any existing data on the partition. If you are sure that the data on the partition (if any) has been backed up, click "Create" again.
Enter your root password. The label for the hard drive partition will change to "Unallocated Space." Click it.
Click the drop-down menu next to "Create File System" and click "NTFS."
Type a label for the partition, if you would like to use one.
Click "Create." You will see a warning reminding you that this process will remove any existing data on the partition. If you are sure that the data on the partition (if any) has been backed up, click "Create" again.
Enter your root password. The NTFS partition is now created.

Read more: How to Create a NTFS Partition in Ubuntu | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/how_5781942_create-ntfs-partition-ubuntu.html#ixzz28PnKfwqV


If you want to increase the usage of swap, you can adjust  Ubuntu's swappiness which has a default value of 60 by editing

sudo gedit /etc/sysctl.conf

and changing or adding the value of

vm.swappiness = 80

or any number between 0 (swap disabled) to 100 (swap used all the time).

However the default setting of 60 should be fine for your use case.

see also swappiness


Ok, I had the exact same issue and just fixed it!

In your apparmor config add:

# Allow Systemd notify access
/{,var/}run/systemd/notify w,

And change the follwoing line from

/usr/sbin/mysqld flags=(complain) {

to

/usr/sbin/mysqld flags=(attach_disconnected,complain) {

Then give it a good ole

sudo /etc/init.d/apparmor reload && sudo systemctl restart mysqld && sudo systemctl status mysqld

Here is a copy of my usr.sbin.mysqld that is working on 18.04 w/ MariaDB 10.3.20

# vim:syntax=apparmor
# Last Modified: Tue Feb 09 15:28:30 2016
#include <tunables/global>

/usr/sbin/mysqld flags=(attach_disconnected,complain) {
  #include <abstractions/base>
  #include <abstractions/nameservice>
  #include <abstractions/user-tmp>
  #include <abstractions/mysql>
  #include <abstractions/winbind>

# Allow system resource access
  /sys/devices/system/cpu/ r,
  capability sys_resource,
  capability dac_override,
  capability setuid,
  capability setgid,

# Allow network access
  network tcp,

  /etc/hosts.allow r,
  /etc/hosts.deny r,

# Allow config access
  /etc/mysql/** r,

# Allow pid, socket, socket lock file access
  /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid rw,
  /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock rw,
  /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock.lock rw,
  /run/mysqld/mysqld.pid rw,
  /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock rw,
  /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock.lock rw,

# Allow execution of server binary
  /usr/sbin/mysqld mr,
  /usr/sbin/mysqld-debug mr,

# Allow plugin access
  /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/ r,
  /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/*.so* mr,

# Allow error msg and charset access
  /usr/share/mysql/ r,
  /usr/share/mysql/** r,

# Allow data dir access
  /var/lib/mysql/ r,
  /var/lib/mysql/** rwk,

# Allow data files dir access
  /var/lib/mysql-files/ r,
  /var/lib/mysql-files/** rwk,

# Allow keyring dir access
  /var/lib/mysql-keyring/ r,
  /var/lib/mysql-keyring/** rwk,

# Allow log file access
  /var/log/mysql.err rw,
  /var/log/mysql.log rw,
  /var/log/mysql/ r,
  /var/log/mysql/** rw,

# Allow SystemD ACCESS
  /{,var/}run/systemd/notify w,

  # Site-specific additions and overrides. See local/README for details.
}


I solved the problem by changing the Language switch hotkey in the Settings.


Touchpad too slow -- how do I adjust it?

Might be worth installing the new gpointing-device-settings
 package to see if that makes a difference.  It has a fairly extensive number of options to control speed, acceleration and so on.

sudo apt-get install gpointing-device-settings


How to activate Emoji Picker in KDE Plasma 5.18 on Kubuntu 19.10

Unfortunately, the issue is just because I installed Latte dock and one if its function replace emoji picker default shortcut. So the workaround is just to go to System Settings > Shortcut > Global Shortcuts > Emoji Selector.

Then click Emoji Selector global cell, select Default. A dialog will be prompted to confirm reassigning Emoji selector for that shortcut. Click yes to confirm.

There it is. Now I can use Emoji Selector everywhere in the system just by clicking Meta+. (Super+.).

In my case, Latte dock replaced the shortcut and caused the issue. Maybe in your side, it will be different app, just follow my way to solve that in case you find the same issue as me.


KDE Dolphin: How to change the current directory by code in the folder pane?

Just to close this question – in the meantime I found a quite dirty workaround:
First of all you need a script (e.g. cd-dolphin) to proceed some cd commands in the Konsole pane by using qdbus with the Dolphin API.
qdbus is almost self explaning with its help option (e.g. qdbus *dolphin* gives the list of the servicename for all running dolphin instances).
Now following qdbus actions must be taken:

open the terminal/Konsole pane

Caution: You need to give it a little time to react! If you throw the following commands directly afterwards they won't be executed! Trick is to just send some text to display like "Please wait…".

run the intended cd command (e.g. cd /path/to/folder)

Remark: This still does not open the desired folder in the folder pane if this folder is on another partition/file system! Hence here's my dirty workaround as this command (normally) does not change to another fs:

change to parent: cd ..

Now the folder change is also executed in the folder pane. To finally come to your destined folder:

go back: cd -

(optional) close the Konsole pane

Finally you can add a servicemenu to execute this script on your desired link folder in the folder pane (e.g.: Exec=cd-dolphin "$(realpath %f)").
Et voìla, that's it.
Hope it's useful for someone …


Installing Lubuntu over ubuntu and keep all data

Note: Always make a backup before messing with your system!

You should be able to do this with:

sudo apt-get install lubuntu-desktop

or

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends lubuntu-desktop

This should install lxde.

At the login screen, you should have a settings wheel then next to the password input, where you can pick LXDE as desktop environment. If you login, your desktop environment should be the selected one. You can also log out and switch to another environment.

Wait for other replies, since I haven't done this before. I hope you get the idea.

Edit:
Misunderstood your question. Take a look at /home/your-user-name/, this is where your files are stored.

There shouldn't be any files regarding any desktop environments, these are stored somewhere else. So your files will still be around, so you can install multiple other desktop environments to test out or work with with no affect on your personal files.


The availability of the KDE Plasma, Applications and Platform 4.9.3 for the Kubuntu has been released on the http://www.kubuntu.org/.

By the http://www.kubuntu.org/news/kde-sc-4.9.3:

  Packages for the release of KDE SC 4.9.3 are available for Kubuntu
  12.04, 12.10 and Raring. You can get them from the Kubuntu Backports PPA for 12.04...

A simulation of the Gwenview upgrade (gwenview 4:4.8.5-0ubuntu0.1 -> 4:4.9.3-0ubuntu1~ubuntu12.04.1~ppa2) :

sudo apt-get install -s gwenview

The following extra packages will be installed:
  kdelibs-bin kdelibs5-data kdelibs5-dev kdelibs5-plugins kdoctools libattica0.4 libkcmutils4 libkde3support4
  libkdeclarative5 libkdecore5 libkdesu5 libkdeui5 libkdewebkit5 libkdnssd4 libkemoticons4 libkfile4 libkhtml5
  libkidletime4 libkimproxy4 libkio5 libkipi-data libkipi9 libkjsapi4 libkjsembed4 libkmediaplayer4 libknewstuff2-4
  libknewstuff3-4 libknotifyconfig4 libkntlm4 libkparts4 libkprintutils4 libkpty4 libkrosscore4 libkrossui4
  libktexteditor4 libkunitconversion4 libkutils4 libnepomuk4 libnepomukquery4a libnepomukutils4 libplasma3 libsolid4
  libsoprano-dev libsoprano4 libthreadweaver4 soprano-daemon
Suggested packages:
  svgpart hspell media-player-info libsoprano-doc
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  kdelibs5-experimental-dev
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libattica0.4 libkipi9
The following packages will be upgraded:
  gwenview kdelibs-bin kdelibs5-data kdelibs5-dev kdelibs5-plugins kdoctools libkcmutils4 libkde3support4
  libkdeclarative5 libkdecore5 libkdesu5 libkdeui5 libkdewebkit5 libkdnssd4 libkemoticons4 libkfile4 libkhtml5
  libkidletime4 libkimproxy4 libkio5 libkipi-data libkjsapi4 libkjsembed4 libkmediaplayer4 libknewstuff2-4
  libknewstuff3-4 libknotifyconfig4 libkntlm4 libkparts4 libkprintutils4 libkpty4 libkrosscore4 libkrossui4
  libktexteditor4 libkunitconversion4 libkutils4 libnepomuk4 libnepomukquery4a libnepomukutils4 libplasma3 libsolid4
  libsoprano-dev libsoprano4 libthreadweaver4 soprano-daemon
45 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 1 to remove and 289 not upgraded.

Apt-get manual

man apt-get

       install
           install is followed by one or more packages desired for installation or upgrading...

       -s, --simulate, --just-print, --dry-run, --recon, --no-act
           No action; perform a simulation of events that would occur but do not actually change the system...


How to make /sbin/shutdown, /sbin/reboot etc. require sudo again in 16.04?

Systemd does indeed handle the shutdown, reboot and other commands, and the default privileges assigned are permissive. To change this, you need to create a Polkit rule. Create a .pkla file in /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d (say, confirm-shutdown.pkla) containing:

[Confirm shutdown]
Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.login1.*
ResultActive=auth_admin_keep

The various shutdown, reboot, etc. commands are, in Polkit terms,  actions in org.freedesktop.login1, for example, org.freedesktop.login1.power-off, org.freedesktop.login1.reboot, etc. The specific problem here is the default configuration, which is in /usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.freedesktop.login1.policy:

<action id="org.freedesktop.login1.power-off">
        <description>Power off the system</description>
        ...
        <defaults>
                <allow_any>auth_admin_keep</allow_any>
                <allow_inactive>auth_admin_keep</allow_inactive>
                <allow_active>yes</allow_active>
        </defaults>

Note that it allows the active user to power off, reboot, etc.


How to re-download incomplete podcast downloads in Rhythmbox

Workaround: Right-click on the file, click Properties. Click on the Details tab.
Copy the Source property to clipboard. (you may have to stretch the window to see the whole URL). Go to the download location in terminal.

Make a mental note of the file name Rhythmbox saved as (not the same as download file name, but similar.)

wget -c -O [Download location file name] [Source location, as copied/pasted].

wget will auto-retry until complete.


space on disk running low error logging /var/log/cups/error.log

I had the same problem. The log files grows very quickly and after a few hours it consumes all available space in /. At this point things start going really bad. Also the cups process hogs the CPU (100% in one core - that explains the 50% you see in a dual-cure).

Deleting the file at this point doesn't seem to help immediately. I guess the file is still in use by the cups process and it won't free the disk space... but after a reboot I got some free disk space and had time do investigate /var/log/cups/error_log.

Here's what I found in the first few lines

E [16/Oct/2016:09:48:02 +0300] MFCJ625DW: File \"/usr/lib/cups/filter/brother_lpdwrapper_mfcj625dw\" has insecure permissions (0100775/uid=0/gid=0).
E [16/Oct/2016:09:48:02 +0300] MFCJ625DW: Directory \"/usr/lib/cups/filter\" has insecure permissions (040775/uid=0/gid=0).
E [16/Oct/2016:09:48:02 +0300] MFCJ625DW: File \"/usr/lib/cups/filter/brother_lpdwrapper_mfcj625dw\" has insecure permissions (0100775/uid=0/gid=0).
E [16/Oct/2016:09:48:02 +0300] MFCJ625DW: Directory \"/usr/lib/cups/filter\" has insecure permissions (040775/uid=0/gid=0).
E [16/Oct/2016:09:48:03 +0300] Directory \"/usr/lib/cups/notifier\" has insecure permissions (040775/uid=0/gid=0).
W [16/Oct/2016:09:48:03 +0300] Notifier for subscription 1879 (dbus://) went away, retrying!
E [16/Oct/2016:09:48:03 +0300] Directory \"/usr/lib/cups/notifier\" has insecure permissions (040775/uid=0/gid=0).
W [16/Oct/2016:09:48:03 +0300] Notifier for subscription 1879 (dbus://) went away, retrying!
W [16/Oct/2016:09:48:03 +0300] Notifier for subscription 1879 (dbus://) went away, retrying!

And then the last warning is repeated over and over again... over 45000 times per second! (No wonder the disk is filled after a short time)

Assuming you have a similar problem, note that the thing cups keeps complaining about is very simple to fix:

Directory \"/usr/lib/cups/notifier\" has insecure permissions (040775/uid=0/gid=0).

Once you change the permissions with sudo chmod 755 /usr/lib/cups/notifier, the file should stop growing. (while you are at it, fix the other files it complains about).


Unlock keyring prompts three times instead of one time

Make sure you've disabled auto login as per this guide:

http://www.liberiangeek.net/2010/10/disable-auto-login-ubuntu-10-0410-10-maverick-meerkat/

Then when you login again & are prompted to unlock keyring, click "Details" & there will be an option to automate the unlocking process.

Repeat for each prompt.

You should now only be prompted the one time at login.

This worked for me, hope it is some help to someone...


Distinguish true local modifications of conffiles during upgrade

Archive(backup) your config files before modifying them.

A possible system would result in...

/etc
/etc/.archives
/etc/.archives/bash.bashrc.00
/etc/.archives/bash.bashrc.01
/etc/bash.bashrc

/etc/.archives/bash.bashrc.00 would be the original distributed version. You could use dates instead of numbers if you don't mind long names...

/etc/.archives/bash.bashrc.20161206.003200

You could write a script to make this easier too.


How to remove the (n+1)-th virtual desktop (workspace) on Ubuntu 18.04?

This is how dynamic workspaces work by default in Gnome Shell and Ubuntu with Gnome Shell. There is always one extra workspace over these that you are currently using, ready to switch to and use if needed.

You can change to a more traditional approach where you have a fixed number of workspaces. You can configure this in gsettings, but easiest will be to install Gnome Tweaks. On the workspaces tab, you can configure how you want workspaces to be handled.


What exactly is an ext4 signature and why am I removing it?

Assuming you follow those directions exactly, you are correct.  Gparted is emitting a confirmation, to make sure that you selected the correct partion.  For instance, someone intending to delete a swap partition might want to be sure that it is, in fact, a swap partition that is being removed.
If you follow the directions in the guide, the end result will still be working: this message is just a confirmation.  However, be sure that your data is backed up, and that you have prepared a rescue disk (such as GRML), which has recovery tools like TestDisk installed.


Screen size problem for Ubuntu virtual machine

Guest Additions is an image of a CD. It needs to be connected as a device to the VM and then launched from inside the Ubuntu guest OS.

From the VirtualBox client menu, choose Devices → Insert guest additions CD image. It will mount into Ubuntu. Once it does, run the installer from that CD/DVD image and reboot the system once it's installed.

That should allow your guest OS to resize itself properly.


tail: Reading an entire file, and then following

Use

tail -f -n +1

Using man tail will give you more details, the relevant excerpt follows.

<snip>Numbers having a leading plus (`+') sign are relative to the
beginning of the input, for example, ``-n +2'' starts the display at the
second line of the input.</snip>

-f      The -f option causes tail to not stop when end of file is
        reached, but rather to wait for additional data to be appended to
        the input.  The -f option is ignored if the standard input is a
        pipe, but not if it is a FIFO.

-n number
        The location is number lines.


Ok I managed to correct the situation by first fully reinstalling Ubuntu and then following the instruction found in this page:

http://thoughts.stuart-edwards.info/index.php/sysadmin/linux/how-to-enable-wireless-in-ubuntu-12-10-on-a-dell-inspiron-1501


Flash drive not writable after removing bootable OS

I've had this problem before, and its probably related to a partition table or MBR problem. Likely, one of those things wasn't configured right and now the hardware is denying you access.

Since you're working with NTFS, jump on a Windows machine and format it again and see if that fixes it.

Unless you know what you're doing, always use a graphical bootable USB writer, and always format USBs back to normal using OS utilities. DD is a low level bit-by-bit operation that can mess with the internal structure of the drive.


Grep from nginx server files, but exclude www.domain.tld

With GNU sed you can try this:

domains=$(grep -rwn "/etc/nginx/sites-available/" -e "server_name" | sed -E -e 's/ www\.\w+\.\w+//g')

printf "%s\n" "$domains"


Actually, you don't really need to clean up after Linux, it deletes the temp files on shutdown. That command only cleans it up for your current session. If you were running a server, or some piece of critical hardware that does not shut down, then I would say it wouldn't hurt to clean it every now and then. Remember, this isn't Microsoft. :)

As for Ubuntu Tweak, I've never used it, although a quick search reveals that it is no longer being maintained. Personally, if a piece of software is no longer being updated and supported, I get rid of it.

Hope that helps!