Alternatively, try the graphical installation method.

Therefore go to the vmware website and download the bundle of your
choice: wm ware: all downloads
Then execute the script you just downloaded in a terminal: eg: sudo sh VMware-Player-12.5.1-yyy.x86_64.bundle (VMware-Player-12.5.1-yyy.x86_64.bundle has to be the path to your downloaded file and can also be: User/Downloads/VMware-Player-12.5.1-yyy.x86_64.bundle)
Follow the instructions in the installation manager
To start it, type vmplayer in a terminal.

It is possible that even with this installation procedure you cannot launch it. Before giving more detailed information about this case, please try to update your version (even you just downloaded it). You can update your kernel with sudo vmware-modconfig --console --install-all within a terminal.

Good luck and welcome to Ask Ubuntu!


Dual boot up (windows 10, Ubuntu 16.04) issue- windows default OS but need Ubuntu as default

You need to increase boot priority of Ubuntu in Bios setup.The steps may vary from one device to another.Press F9 in your laptop.You will see boot priority there.As you  said windows is on priority 1 and Ubuntu is on 2.Change their order.Should work fine then.


Wired keyboard and mouse not working anymore

I suspect this archlinux bug may be the same issue:  https://bugs.archlinux.org/task/33606

If that's the case, then it's fixed by kernel version 3.7.4.  I haven't yet tried it - I'm currently huntingfor a solution myself, but this looks promising once I figure out how to install the later kernel.

I've also had problems with a USB keyboard, but less so.

I find that while the USB mouse is usually not working when I come out of hibernation, it often is working if I try it later in the day (it's usually left plugged in).


How to list all services that start AFTER certain service in systemd

I think the command you are looking for is:

$ systemctl list-dependencies --reverse NetworkManager-wait-online.service
NetworkManager-wait-online.service
● └─network-online.target
●   └─hddtemp.service

From man systemctl:

   list-dependencies [NAME]
       Shows units required and wanted by the specified unit. This
       recursively lists units following the Requires=, Requisite=,
       ConsistsOf=, Wants=, BindsTo= dependencies. If no unit is
       specified, default.target is implied.

       By default, only target units are recursively expanded. When --all
       is passed, all other units are recursively expanded as well.

       Options --reverse, --after, --before may be used to change what
       types of dependencies are shown.

   --reverse
       Show reverse dependencies between units with list-dependencies,
       i.e. follow dependencies of type WantedBy=, RequiredBy=, PartOf=,
       BoundBy=, instead of Wants= and similar.


xset -q will tell you whether the monitor is on or off.

Normally, it will tell you "Monitor is On". However, if you turn the monitor off and then execute the command, it will tell you that it is off.

Try it by entering:

sleep 1; xset dpms force off; sleep 1; xset -q

(the sleep commands are there to prevent X from mixing the order of events up). Then wiggle your mouse to get the screen back.

In a script, doing $(xset -q|grep Monitor|awk '{print $3;}') will give you a variable that is either On or Off.

X is a complicated beast, but on my system it works correctly every time.


Roll back previous state after execute command ubuntu

From your question, it seems like you want a general "undo" feature for the operating system. Such a feature does not exist. However, if you happen to be running Ubuntu within a virtual machine, most virtualization software allows you to take snapshots and then revert to an earlier snapshot if something goes wrong.

Otherwise, the best you can do is make sure you make frequent backups, know what you are doing, and test out commands in a safe environment (such as a VM or a normal user) before you run them in your production environment. For simple commands like  installing packages, you can of course just remove the package (apt-get remove <package_name>), but all of those would be on a case-by-case basis of course. Not every simple command has a simple "undo".


Kezboard tzping strange characters (Ubuntu)

I fixed this going in recovery mode and selecting dpkg repair broken packages.

1234567890 !@#$%^&*()

All keys seem to work correctly.

Also had to redo some brightness settings inorder to fix a less brightness issue arised after this.

Editing this file
emacs -nw /etc/default/grub

adding acpi_backlight=video after quiet splash

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_backlight=video"

And running grub update
and reboot
bringing back the brightness to normal


Yes. It runs under wine 1.6.2

You can find information on this application and many more at the WineHQ site.

source: https://appdb.winehq.org/appview.php?appId=183


What do I need to install after minimal Xubuntu installation

Thunar which is the default file manager of xfce is pretty lightweight. For browsing the web Midori provides a minimal solution.


Xubuntu 17.10 Nautilus doesn't open files

I had the same issue.
I fixed it by editing this configuration file:

~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list

I had this line

x-scheme-handler/file=nautilus-folder-handler.desktop

I just commented it out and files now open as expected.


How can I remove a file from old duplicity backups?

No, you can only list contents, create or delete a backup.
But is it really an issue? Duplicity/deja-dup creates incremental backups so if that large file changes only the changes should be in the next backup. Not the whole file. Plus the whole backup will be encrypted and have a hash attached to it to determine if the backup was tampered with.
You could move those backups to an external disk or to an on-line service and then delete those to create some space and set up the new backup to exclude those files.


You need to add support to 32 bit libraries.

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt-get update

Then try to reinstall steam.


Try removing the ens33 in your interface conf from the auto lo. That might be the issue.


When I try to run .sh files nothing happens?

To exectue a .sh file,first you move to the directory which contains the .sh file from terminal.

cd /path/to/the/directory/which/contains/filename.sh

then run ls command to make sure that you are in correct directory(which contains .sh file).
Run the below command to make the .shfile as executable file.

sudo chmod 777 filename.sh

Then type the below command to run the .sh file,

sudo ./filename.sh


Are there any advantages to using the Firefox PPA over Firefox in the Repository?

Packages can take a bit of time before reaching repositories, having the ppa enables you to get the newest version earlier.
And that is it really.


Solution for Black Screen after setting the Screen Brightness Cursor to 0

Old question, but I also have a solution for this problem. I bumped on this thread accidentally, but you can use the keyboard to change the brightness.

Brightness buttons on laptops are: F11 (- brightness) / F12 (+ brightness). Depending on your machine and settings, you may need to press the Fn button with F12.

You can also try this if you can write blindly:

Press Ctrl + Alt + T

Write (blindly):
xrandr --output `xrandr | grep " connected" | cut -f1 -d " "` --brightness 1
and press enter. It should set the brightness as 1 from the connected monitor.

Reminding that it is not the best option, but I have solved my issue once doing this. I hate writing blindly in a terminal, but if you are a little bit adventurous, it should work.


How to feed a command substitution to the "yes" command?

The problem is that the expression echo $(tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 </dev/urandom | head -c 10) is only evaluated once, at the moment when yes is laucnhed, so all subsequent iterations just print out the result of that expression.
Some other options:
while true; do
    tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 </dev/urandom | head -c 10
    echo ""
done

or
while true; do
    rand=$(tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 </dev/urandom | head -c 10)
    echo "$rand"
done

Or, better (shamelessly stolen from @steeldriver's comment):
tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 </dev/urandom | fold -w10


Dell Vostro 3560 WIFI installation kernel problem

Your message suggests the linux-headers-generic are not installed or not correctly. Please do:

    sudo apt-get install --reinstall linux-headers-generic linux-headers-`uname -r` build-essential dkms
    sudo dpkg -P 1.deb
    sudo dpkg -i 1.deb
    sudo modprobe wl

The backticks are on the left side of my US keyboard on the same key with ~.


How to install rpm package without converting into deb

With a working internet connection, please open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libgmt-dev

The package and all its dependencies in the correct (.deb) format will be correctly installed.


How do I make Ubuntu use a new Swap partition?

Run
sudo nano /etc/fstab

and replace
UUID=3297fa29-51d3-4be0-9701-9eafdaa1bb26 none            swap    sw              0       0

with
/dev/nvme0n1p5 none swap sw 0 0


Oh, I feel stupid now.
It was a typo in network configuration (/etc/network/interfaces), wrong default gateway.


Unity launcher icon boxes missing 14.04LTS 64bit

This seemed to be an issue with scaling and Unity desktop.

After I reset the "Text scaling factor" to 1,00 in Unity Tweak Tool and also reset the "Scale for menu and title bars" to 1, the boxes re-appeared without even requiring a logout. Now I am able to resize them again to the 0,875 as is my preference. I do hope that this topic here helps someone who might experience the same behaviour from Unity desktop. =)>


Strange Cron Job takes up 100% of CPU Ubuntu 18 LTS Server

Your machine most likely has a crypto miner infection. You can see someone else reporting similar filenames and behaviour at Real-life detection of a virtual machine in Azure with Security Center. See also My Ubuntu Server has a virus... I've located it but I can't get rid of it... on Reddit.

You can no longer trust that machine, and should re-install it. Be careful with restoring backups.


Gparted merge ext4 partition to ext4 partition

Ok, merge normally means you want to keep the data, but in this case I understand you don't want to.  You just want to recover the space that /dev/sda7 uses up.

The issue here, is obviously, that you have the swap partition in between these.  There are many ways to solve this, but the first thing I need to know is what partition is the one that you want to keep.  From your explanation, I understand the important data is on /dev/sda7 and the data that may be deleted is on /dev/sda5.  Frankly, it would be easier if it's the inverse, but, I'll go with this.

What I would do, in this particular case is:

Delete the linux-swap
Delete /dev/sda5
You now have a slab of free disk space before /dev/sda7
Move /dev/sda7 to the front of the extended partition.  (Takes a long time)
Resize /dev/sda7 so it takes everything minus 1GB (Takes a long time)
Create a new linux-swap at the end of the disk.
Reboot

At this point everything should be fine.  Your system might complain about unmountable filesystems and you it will most certainly not use the swap partition you recreated.

To do this, you add the new swap partition to your /etc/fstab and remove the old one.  Basically, identify the block id of your new swap partition:

$ blkid /dev/sdaX
/dev/sdaX: UUID="12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789012" TYPE="swap"

in your /etc/fstab replace the UUID for the swap:

UUID=abcdef01-abcd-ef01-abcd-abcdef012345 none swap sw 0 0

becomes

UUID=12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789012 none swap sw 0 0

After that, either reboot or issue

$ sudo swapon -a

I don't know how you've been using /dev/sda7, but you might want to remove it from /etc/fstab before doing anything.  If all this confuses you, start off with posting the content of /etc/fstab and I'll try elucidate things.


For anyone that might be interested, the solution for me was as follows:

Download this package(no other package worked for me, I tried them all):

https://code.google.com/p/wmii/downloads/detail?name=wmii%2Bixp-3.9.2.tbz

Untar it and run:

$ make

There will most likely be lots of dependency issues.  Some of them I found .deb packages for by searching the package names in Google, others Synaptic was able to locate.  If you already have a similar package installed to the one that contains the missing file, install the "-dev" version as well.

Then run:

$ sudo make install

Shouldn't be any issues there.  To run Wmii inside your current GUI, create a .xinitrc file in your home directory and add the following line:

until wmii; do :; done

Doing this might cause your next login attempt to fail, or rather, after successful login you will be presented with the login screen again.  Solve as follows:

Ctrl + Alt + F1
$ * login with username and password *
$ sudo chown yourusername:yourusername ~/.Xauthority
Ctrl + Alt + F7

You should be able to login as normal now.

You can now open a Wmii session by running:

$ sudo startx

If, like me, you want to add Wmii as an option at login, create the following file:

$ sudo emacs /usr/share/xsessions/wmii.desktop

with the contents:

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Wmii
Comment=Window manager improved 3
Exec=wmii
Icon=wmii.png
Type=XSession

and you're good to go!

Helpful links:

https://github.com/sunaku/wmii


You can install

sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

Open this and in the launcer settings you can set a custom colour for the bar, hide it, make it see through etc..


The command ip link show shows the status of available interfaces. At least one of the interfaces on needs be listed as UP in order for you to have any connectivity at all.

The command ip neigh show shows local link state, like this:

192.168.0.1 dev eth0 lladdr 00:15:e9:ec:cc:80 REACHABLE

You need at least one REACHABLE to have network access.

The command ip addr show shows all interfaces and their IP addresses.

Once you have a local IP address and a neighbor's IP address, you can then use ping or another tool to verify local IP connectivity.


How do I add a program that must be run from within its own directory to the panel or main menu?

Have you tried using a script to launch the app instead?

Something like:

#!/bin/bash
cd /my/dir
myprogram

Select the script instead of the file.


How to permanently set Wi-Fi "power management" flag to off?

Please check your current power save state:
cat /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/*.conf

Unless it has been previously changed, it should read:
[connection]
wifi.powersave = 3

In this context, 3 indicates that the Network Manager will use power saving. Let's change it to 2, indicating that the system will not use power saving. From the terminal:
sudo sed -i 's/3/2/' /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/*
sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service


Please use /etc/crontab. That method of doing cron jobs allows you to add a user name to the task. It will look like this:

* * * * * www-data /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/test.php >> /var/log/cron.log

You can do nano /etc/crontab and add the line to the file.

  But when I do the same but using a PHP script (executing via browser): exec('crontab /var/www/html/cron.txt');, it doesn't work.

If that does not work you probably have another problem than "crontab" usage. For instance: do you not need to redirect? (ie. use > /dev/null 2>/dev/null & at the end of your exec command?).


How can I use --gdk-debug with GTK2 programs?

To answer my own question: I had to build GTK 2 with the --enable-debug flag (-dbg packages only add symbols to debug the library itself) and preload the built GDK library. Steps:

Run

apt-get source gtk+2.0

Enter the created gtk+2.0<something> directory
In the rules file in the debian directory, add --enable-debug=yes to the configure_flags
Run

dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc

Unpack the libgtk2.0-0 Debian package with dpkg -x <package> <directory>, and descend into /usr until you see .so files
Run the GTK2 program to be debugged with

LD_PRELOAD=$(pwd)/libgdk-x11-2.0.so.0 <program>


trouble with Logitech mk270 combo keyboard/mouse with USB 3.0 hub

There are TWO different kinds of MK270. Unifying- and not. The latter has some other less universal radio system on the same band. I have the latter. Seems that my mouse generally works with a bit of lag, but tolerable. Keybord, not so much. Expect this to be a dead end unless someone more talented in writing drivers gets involved. :(


I discovered that when I used K3B, the burner writes at full speed. A fellow Ubuntu user told me that drivers are tricky, and since this is an old IDE computer, brasero may have not recognized the burner because of the ide to SATA adapter. All I know is that everything worked out when I installed K3B.


Does "snapshot" command exist like in Linux Redhat?

Try scrot. It's available from the Software Center.

It has many features, but if you just want to take a screenshot, invoke scrot and an image file will be saved in the current directory.


If I understand your install process correctly, you're doing it wrong.  You must boot from the DVD as if it were a live DVD.  You can't just run the auto-play.

If you are booting it live and you're getting this message, then for some reason your disk is trying to boot EFI and your machine can't do EFI, or your machine is trying to boot EFI and the disk can't.  The solution is to disable secure boot and enable legacy boot inside your UEFI BIOS configuration.


Ubuntu how to find and launch GUI app from a terminal?

You can find .desktop files in /usr/share/applications.

These files contain path to the real application.

You can list these files by name with

grep 'Name=' /usr/share/applications/* > FileNames.txt


Elementary OS Loki 0.4 Desktop on ubuntu 16.04 LTS

At least on Debian, you can install the pantheon desktop. I don't see why it shouldn't work on Ubuntu as well

How to install the Pantheon desktop environment?


Safely accessing an unknown USB drive in Ubuntu/Linux?

On Linux, you can connect any USB device without mounting it.  This means no data are either read from or written to the device except for the device identification data.

If you configure the system not to mount connected devices automatically, you will be able to run a dd command and wipe the first 1 MB of data on the device.  This way, you will erase all vital information needed for the data on that device to be read and you will create an unreadable brand new unformatted device.  The downside of this procedure is that you will never find out whether there are actually any files on the device before you erase that data.

If I were you, I would map a USB port to a virtual machine on Virtualbox for example and read the contents of the stick using that vm.  Even if the vm gets infected, you can just delete it.  You can run the dd command from the vm too if you want.

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdX bs=1024 count=1

X is the letter assigned to the USB device.


how to paste data (files or directories) inside an installed snap package.?

This solution is for Blender users, but the approach might possibly be adapted to other programs with embedded Python consoles.
In Blender's Python Console (not the scripting editor) enter:
import sys
print(sys.path)

the output will include all the folders in which Blender's python searches for python modules when a Blender python import command is executed.  In my case this included 10 folders of which all but one was a snap subfolder, hence they were "read only" 'mounted', meaning that even a sudo command could not write/copy to/paste to any of those folders.  The exception was the 2nd to last of those folders.  It was not a snap subfolder (see my copied result of the print('sys.path') below).  I almost missed it, but as soon as I saw it, I brightened up because my strategy was to put the needed Python module (*.py file) in that folder.  I first used PIP to install that needed python module into my System's (non-Blender) python module area (which is not snap-protected) and then copied it from there to the /home/vic/.config/blender/2.92/scripts/addons/modules folder (I had to create the last three levels of this folder path).  At first it didnt' work, but after closing Blender and restarting, Blender's Python found the needed, but previously absent python module.
I hope this helps others, as it took me quite a while to get past that hurdle.  I expect there are benefits to snap's security approach of making all those sub-directories unwritable, but I am glad someone was smart enough to allow at least one back door for installing additional python modules in the case of Blender’s embedded Python environment.
sys.path
#~ ['/snap/blender/111/2.92/scripts/startup',
'/snap/blender/111/2.92/scripts/modules',
'/snap/blender/111/2.92/python/lib/python37.zip',
'/snap/blender/111/2.92/python/lib/python3.7',
'/snap/blender/111/2.92/python/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload',
'/snap/blender/111/2.92/python/lib/python3.7/site-packages',
'/snap/blender/111/2.92/scripts/freestyle/modules',
'/snap/blender/111/2.92/scripts/addons/modules',
'/home/vic/.config/blender/2.92/scripts/addons/modules',
'/snap/blender/111/2.92/scripts/addons']
#~


You cannot do this from within a running Ubuntu operating system.
The system and the swap partition must be mounted to work at all.

So you need a live media and do it from within there.
Boot from the Ubuntu (DVD/USB) installation media.

Select Try Ubuntu without installing, on Live desktop,
Open GParted - the partitions are unmounted - resize.

Note :

It is strongly recommended to first install Windows ... and after that Ubuntu.
When you do it the other way around you have to reinstall GRUB afterwards.

The way to do this depends on the partition table setup - msdos or GPT - of the disk being used.
When you installed Ubuntu in EFI mode, it is different from when installed in legacy BIOS mode.

How exactly to do this would be another question, but here you find : all necessary instructions.

Anyway, please make sure you have a backup of everything, because  partitioning operation or an accidentally wrong decision during the system installation might damage your data !


Problem trying to add Refresh option to Right click menu

According to nautilus actions extra project page on launchpad, "This PPA is obselete and will not recieve any new updates", so you need to use Official Release PPA: ppa:nae-team/ppa.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nae-team/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nautilus-refresh

Reference: https://launchpad.net/nautilus-actions-extra


Recovering an encrypted home folder in Ubuntu

Could you  connect via ssh or tty and exec:

$ ecryptfs-mount-private

it possible helps you'll see crypted files in your Private folder

The second variant  - to restore your files:

sudo ecryptfs-recover-private /$HOME/.Private

(by default they save in /tmp/ecryptfs.ХХХХХХХ)


LXD command is executed on host instead of container

I finally figured that instead of using sqlcmd I would have to use the full path of the command. The command did execute in the container, but although I could run the command inside the container, the command could not be found when executed from outside. I misinterpreted the error message to be executed on the host, which was not correct. I guess this depends on how the path to sqlcmd is set.


Ubuntu 11.04 has reached End of Support in 2012. I recommend Ubuntu MATE 14.04 for this laptop. It will run in a extremely fluent way. Here you're a screenshot:


Most of those apps are not yet available as snaps (with the exception of the clock and calculator which can be installed by the names ubuntu-clock-appand ubuntu-calculator-app).
You can track the status of the snap packages in this bug report.


What is the default root password for current Ubuntu Touch?

The password should be your PIN, if you have one set for the device.


EFI boot entries are stored in the computer's NVRAM. These entries refer to boot loaders, which are ordinary files stored on the hard disk's EFI System Partition (ESP). In order to uniquely identify these files, the NVRAM entries refer to the partitions on which the files reside by their GUID values, which are unique. Thus, the boot loader entries for your two installations are different and are not interchangeable.

The trouble is that some EFIs "helpfully" remove entries that they consider invalid. When the computer boots and can't find an entry, it's deemed invalid, and the firmware removes it. Thus, the moment you booted with your first disk unplugged, you lost its entry.

This damage is easily undone if you know how, but it's a hassle to fix, especially if you have cause to swap disks a lot. The best solution is to not swap disks on a regular basis. If you must, prepare a CD-R or USB flash drive with my rEFInd boot manager. When you need to boot from a disk whose boot loader entries are lost, use the rEFInd disk to boot Linux. You can then re-create the lost boot loader entry with efibootmgr, as in:

sudo efibootmgr -c -l \\EFI\\ubuntu\\grubx64.efi -L "ubuntu"

You might need more or different options, depending on how you partitioned the disk, whether you're booting with Secure Boot active, and perhaps other factors.

Another solution, which might or might not work depending on details of your configuration, is to copy your /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu directory to /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT and rename the grubx64.efi or shimx64.efi file to bootx64.efi. The EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi file on the ESP is the fallback boot loader -- it boots if nothing else can. Thus, copying GRUB (or Shim if you're using Secure boot) to that name may make it run automatically when its normal boot entry is lost. This workaround doesn't work on all systems, though.


how do i get my western digital external drive to work on Ubuntu 12.10?

I think, it is not possible even via wine.

You need disable password protection in windows system so that you can use it in ubuntu.


Which version ubuntu works best on a Mac?

Give the specifications of the MacPro, you should find that the latest Long Term Support version 14.04, which can be gotten here, works well.  Ravan suggested some good resources above for installation help.  I would also suggest the Mac Installation wiki on ubuntu.com as well.

As for resources to learn to use Ubuntu, you will find it very intuitive, but askubuntu.com is one of the best places to find specific information and answers to questions. This tutorial is a great place to get started though. (It refers to older versions, but the principles remain the same.)  Another good tutorial.


First, let's clean up the file from your first attempt:

cd Downloads/rtl_92ce_92se_92de_8723ae_88ee_linux_mac80211_0012.0207.2013
make clean

Now, let's modify one file:

gedit pci.h

At the top of the file, after the comment section all outlined in **, add this sequence:

#ifndef __devinit
#define __devinit
#define __devinitdata
#endif

Proofread carefully, save and close gedit. Now do:

make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe rtl8188ee

Your wireless should now be working.


How do I access my ubuntu on cloud from a browser?

You can access your files at:

http://one.ubuntu.com

Login, and then click on the "Files" tab.


Slow internet connection until I connect to VPN

The problem was in /etc/resolve.conf file. It contained DNS servers actual for my VPN connection.
That's why internet was fast when VPN was activated.
When VPN was not activated it tried to use first dns servers which are on the secured network.


Chromium wont install ubuntu 16.0.4 LTS 32bit

Google Chrome is no longer supported on the 32 bit platform.
There are some websites that are still hosting the .deb file:

wget https://archive.org/download/google-chrome-stable_48.0.2564.116-1_i386/google-chrome-stable_48.0.2564.116-1_i386.deb
sudo gdebi ./google-chrome-stable_48.0.2564.116-1_i386.deb

Edit: File not found from example I gave before.

Updated with working link


How do I make text file show its text on the icon?

That feature was removed during GTK3 migration: https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=676531

  Remove text besides icons mode for icon view

  This doesn't really work well, it is inconsistent with the file
  chooser, isn't use anywhere else in GNOME, and we want to enhance the
  list view to cover this case.


Ubuntu 12.10 "fakeRAID" RAID0 installation

You need to put GRUB2 outside of the array, or it will not be seen and booted.

When you create your arrays from the Intel utility, you need to leave a couple of hundred MB, on each drive, outside of the created arrays and put GRUB onto one of these, during the installation process. You can do this by creating a ~500MB array, then your ~100GB and ~60GB arrays and then going back and deleting your ~500MB array. This will leave you the necessary space at the start of the drive for your bootloader. You will then need to use Advanced Partitioning during installation and mount this as /boot.

It's been a while since I did this, but I think that this should work from the Live CD. Make sure that you have dmraid installed, and I'd advise doing most of your partitioning through gparted before running the installer. Format one of these two partitions to ext2 to mount your /boot on this, use the ~60GB (/dev/mapper/isw...) volume to create your / (root) (ext4), and swap (swap) partitions and then mount them in the Advanced Partitioning bit of the Ubuntu installer.

Make sure that you select the low-down-on-the-list, individual entries for your (/dev/mapper/isw...) volumes for mounting during installation.

Does this help?


How to correctly patch xrandr to resolve the scaling bug?

I also had the scaling issue. Here's how I patched it:

Download the source and patch for the xserver-xorg-core package.

mkdir src && cd src

apt-get source xorg-server  # or `git clone git://anongit.freedesktop.org/xorg/xserver` and checkout your version tag

cd xorg-xserver-x.xx.x/randr

wget https://bugs.freedesktop.org/attachment.cgi?id=94929 -O randr.patch

Patch xrandr:

patch -p1 < randr.patch

At

File to patch:

type:

rrcrtc.c

Install build dependencies:

sudo apt-get build-dep xserver-xorg-core

Install more build packages:

sudo apt-get install build-essential devscripts fakeroot

Compile the package:

cd ..

debuild -us -uc -i -I

Install the new package:

sudo dpkg -i xserver-xorg-core_x.xx.x-x.deb

Restart your DE and xrandr should now scale perfectly!


How do I get HTML5 h.264 Video working on Firefox?

For 12.04 / 14.04 / 18.10
Just visited the HTML5 Youtube test and I have H.264 checked; you probably will need to install Ubuntu restricted extras to get the gstreamer codecs.
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

You may need to restart.


What is the root password for a live usb stick?

if you want to turn into a root user then you can use
sudo -i from terminal .


How to install Windows 8 in Ubuntu machine?

Yes, it is possible. But you have to reinstall GRUB after Windows installation. This manual will help:
How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?)


Wifi connectivity issues in Ubuntu 14.04 [HP pavilion 15 series]

First upgrade the kernel to 3.16 as shown in accepted answer at this link
Reboot into the new 3.16.x by command sudo reboot.
After rebooting, run sudo apt-get -f autoremove
Now we have to remove old kernel, for that, first list the kernels currently present by command sudo dpkg --list | grep linux-image
It gives a list of kernels, identify the older version, for example linux-image-3.11
Give command sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.14
Now give command : sudo update-grub2
Now reboot by sudo reboot
Now we have to install realtek driver. For that follow below commands :

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential git
git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new
cd rtlwifi_new
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe -r rtl8723be
sudo modprobe rtl8723be


Manual Cloning of a mutli partition gpt disk to smaller target

After you copy back, gdisk will notice the disk is shorter and missing gpt metadata at the end.  To repair this, you can use either sequence: v r d w or v x e w.


You can always go to the Ubuntu Package repository to download any item that you might have accidentally deleted, but if an upgrade never finished, the above might not work as essential data files are missing as well and then you might as well reinstall.


Maas, Juju & Openstack, - "Unable to create the image"

I've resolved that issue using this post, the problem was on ceph-osd

ceph-osd No block devices detected using current configuration


Why is my Bluetooth headset producing a hissing noise?

In the sound settings, use High Fidelity Playback (A2DP Sink) mode for the headphones. The hissing will stop.

One caveat is that the headphone's microphone won't work in this mode. This might be an issue with the headphones themselves. I experience the same issue with android when I get a call (android uses A2DP by default and switches to HSP when you get a call).


I recently had a really hard time making this work and finally solved my problem using xfce4-xkb-plugin on Lubuntu 18.04.

First install the plugin

sudo apt-get install xfce4-xkb-plugin

then right-click on the task-bar and click add/remove panel items , it will open a Panel Preferences window

Click the +Add button; it will open Add plugin to panel window
select Keyboard Layout Handler and click +Add button

Now back in the Panel preferences window select Keyboard Layout Handler and click the Preferences button

This will open the Keyboard Layout Handler preferences window, whereyou need to do the following:

Under Advanced setxkbmap Options uncheck keep system layouts

Under Keyboard Layouts > +Add select the language you want to add

Under Change Layout Option choose the keys you want to toggle between the languages

Now try it يعمل جيدا معي في اللغة العربية


How to get a NI Traktor Audio 2 sound card work with Mixxx

Thanks, this helped me making my TRAKTOR 2 working with Mixxx, which uses ALSA.
For other apps, which mainly use pulseaudio on top of ALSA, it used to work out of the box. But suddenly, after some ubuntu update it stopped working.

I could fix this problem by adding a configuration file to pulseaudio.

As root, go to /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/profile-sets.
You will see there are conf files for the audio6, audio8, etc, but nothing for the audio 2. THOUGH, surprisingly, a file named native-instruments-traktor-audio2.conf IS referenced in /lib/udev/rules.d/90-pulseaudio.rules . That's the source of the problem, maybe the file was omitted by the developpers, and pulseaudio complains about not finding it.

It's easy to create this file, i copied the audio6 file and stripped everything about inputs - as the audio2 has outputs only.
Then it has to be named exactly : native-instruments-traktor-audio2.conf

Now it works again, and as a bonus I can choose between channels A and B. Formerly i was restricted to channel A in pulseaudio.

Here is my file, hope it can help someone. I guess this omission will be fixed in a pulseaudio update to come.

[General]
auto-profiles = no

[Mapping analog-stereo-a]
description = Analog Stereo Channel A
device-strings = hw:%f,0,0
channel-map = left,right

[Mapping analog-stereo-b-output]
description = Analog Stereo Channel B (Headphones)
device-strings = hw:%f,0,1
channel-map = left,right
direction = output

[Profile output:analog-stereo-all]
description = Analog Stereo Duplex Channels A, B (Headphones)
output-mappings = analog-stereo-a analog-stereo-b-output
priority = 3
skip-probe = yes

[Profile output:analog-stereo-a]
description = Analog Stereo Output Channel A
output-mappings = analog-stereo-a
priority = 1
skip-probe = yes

[Profile output:analog-stereo-b]
description = Analog Stereo Output Channel B (Headphones)
output-mappings = analog-stereo-b-output
priority = 2
skip-probe = yes


Why is my sssd.conf file missing after installing sssd?

There is an example sssd.conf at /usr/share/doc/sssd/examples/sssd-example.conf. You can copy it with:

sudo cp /usr/share/doc/sssd/examples/sssd-example.conf /etc/sssd/sssd.conf

[UPDATE] In Ubuntu Server 14.04, the default file is located at
/usr/share/doc/sssd-common/examples/sssd-example.conf
resulting in a new command of:

sudo cp /usr/share/doc/sssd-common/examples/sssd-example.conf /etc/sssd/sssd.conf

In general, you'll want to look for an sssd subdirectory in /usr/share/doc that has an example .conf file somewhere in it, and copy that file to /etc/sssd/sssd.conf.


Reset Ubuntu 14.04 server to a completely fresh state?

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/OverSSH has a guide to installing over SSH using debootstrap. There's an example from serverfault, https://serverfault.com/questions/208128/how-to-remotely-install-linux-via-ssh, of someone doing a very similar process. Their idea of testing the process on a VM first makes lots of sense.

In general, for particular packages/apps you can use sudo apt-get purge $PKG-NAME to remove a deb package and all its config files - sometimes apt-get refuses to remove config files that have been altered or directories with other non-install files present. I use updatedb; locate -e -i $APP-NAME to find such files. Once purged and config files have been removed then install each app afresh.

Another option is to use sudo aptitude (a package management interface to apt-get), say, select all installed apps and choose to remove them (press "-" when on "installed" line of main screen) then find ("/") ubuntu-desktop (or your preferred meta-package) and add it ("+" when the package is highlighted). Now "g" takes you to the install screen to review the package changes and "g" again commits them. This won't remove configuration files but dpkg-reconfigure can be used to run the install scripts for packages and return them to defaults.


GRUB2 failed with 'No video mode activated'

Basically, Grub2 is trying to load some fonts and cannot because they are located on the encrypted partition.

The bugreport + fix are located here :

FIX on comment #24 from Guido Nickels
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/699802

If you don't want to scroll, just cut & paste :

sudo cp /usr/share/grub/*.pf2 /boot/grub/ && sudo update-grub

Hope this helps


The steps listed in the question are correct, the only thing remaining is to reboot your machine (possibly a couple of times). After that laptop mode will be enabled:

~$ cat /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
2

Once laptop-mode is working, you can follow these steps to configure laptop-mode...

Edit /etc/laptop-mode/laptop-mode.conf and change

ENABLE_LAPTOP_MODE_ON_AC=0

to

ENABLE_LAPTOP_MODE_ON_AC=1

Also check for the battery mode on battery state and turn it on if it is off by changing the value to 1

e.g.:   ENABLE_LAPTOP_MODE_ON_BATTERY = 1

You can set many other option in this config file (the file has many self-explanatory comments). You should try setting them to your liking.

When you're done, restart laptop-mode with:

sudo /etc/init.d/laptop-mode restart

P.S. If laptop-mode is still not on after rebooting the machine, you can try playing with this command as well to manually enable it:

Check that it's active on AC with for example:

$ sudo laptop_mode start

which should output:

Laptop mode
enabled,
active [unchanged]

Hope this helps..


how to start terminator with a custom command per window?

Go to the Layout tab in the configuration dialog,
Select your layout
In the terminal in the tree view in the middle, select your first terminal, select your profile and enter at the right the "custom command"
Repeat step 3 for all your terminals where you want to run a special command at startup.

Use always the same layout and the same profile.

When done click on close and quit terminator.

When starting terminator again give the layout and the profile as command line option.
ie. terminator -l Layout1 -p Profile1

If you always want this, add an alias to .bashrc.


I wasn't able to connect to VPN with the settings app of Ubuntu 17.10 too. But i've found a terminal solution for connecting to VPN.
This code connects you to the connection that you made in settings :

nmcli con up your_connection_name --ask

If you can't remember the connection name you can use this code :

nmcli connection show

And for disconnecting use this code :

nmcli con down your_connection_name


Trying to make Install zulucrypt but cannot find packages

this is mhogomchungu,maintainer of zuluCrypt.

thanks for trying to check it out.

to build,make sure you have the following packages already installed

cmake

pkg-config

libsecret-1-dev

libcryptsetup-dev

libblkid-dev

libpwquality-dev

libtcplay-dev

libdevmapper-dev

uuid-dev

libgcrypt11-dev

libqt4-dev

libudev-dev

chrpath

bzip2

i do not think ubuntu has tcplay library package and hence,you may miss libtcplay-dev and the only thing you will end up missing is the ability to create truecrypt volumes.


It looks like you're missing php mods, these can be installed with

apt install php7.0-mysql php7.0-xml

once you install them, they should be enabled by default but if they aren't you can uncomment the appropriate lines in /etc/php/7.0/apache2/php.ini


DynDns is not reachable from own network, but works with proxy

You are trying to create a NAT loopback from your WAN IP. You want to use your internal IP from the LAN side. As it stands your router either does not support NAT loopback, or if it does, it is not enabled. You can search google for your router model and "NAT loopback" to see if it supports it and if so how to configure.

If it doesn't, your other option is to create an internal DNS server, add the dyndns domain and host record, and make it your "first" DNS server in your network interface settings. This way it will still work outside of the network, just make sure your ttl is relatively short on the DNS record so you are not using cached records outside. Make sure you configure forwarders on your internal DNS server to your usual DNS server, so that you resolve external domains.

I do this myself as I use my domain both internally and externally. My router does support loopback, but I already have Active Directory domain controllers with DNS, so I went that route.

Edit: My assumption was you were not trying to browse it from the server, but rather a laptop that you moved around with. My answer might have been a bit too complex for your needs.


GUI Debugging server app using Visual Studio Code

thank you @steeldriver, MobaXTerm worked beautifully.  It's working now, but took a bit to get Visual Studio Code for linux up and working!  Once I got all the dependancies all worked out it ran pretty well on my iMac.  Can't say the same for my Windows computer, it was still a little glitchy in the window update department, but worked like I needed anyway.


To elaborate on the previous answer, you need to:

1: When your PC is booting, press the relevant "F key" to get you into your BIOS.

2: Navigate to the menu entitled "Boot"

3: Configure the settings in that menu to boot from the CD first.

4: Exit and Save Changes.

5: Your computer should reboot automatically, and boot from the CD.


Install wizard flickering dialog: "Wired Network - Disconnected - You are now offline"

My network card is bad.  That's why I couldn't connect.


In Ubuntu, by default, the cron daemon runs all the jobs using sh (dash) shell and dash does not have source builtin.

You need to use the POSIX way i.e. .:

* * * * * . activate myenv3 && cd ~/foo/bar && python sssb.py

Alternately, you can run the job as an argument to bash:

* * * * * "$(command -v bash)" -c 'source activate myenv3 && cd ~/foo/bar && python sssb.py'


Deleting files from connected devices doesn't free the device's storage

Yeah this is the problem I too have faced. the solution is very simple.

Let me explain. when you did delete your files from your device, they will move into Trash of your computer then you need to clear them from trash also.I mean you supposed to delete them permanently. Then only you can get the free space.


I'm not sure why you are wrapping this in a shell function - I will assume that's a requirement of your assignment.

First, note that using "*;"* as a field separator in Awk is not a robust way to handle quoted CSV fields - it will fail for example if either the first field or last field on a line is quoted, and it won't preserve quoted delimiters (i. e. quoted fields that actually contain a ;) which misses the whole point of quoting CSV fields.

Second, you should not try to pass shell variables (or positional parameters) into Awk expression that way - the correct way is either to export them and then access them via the ENVIRON array, or use command line option -v. So your "single customer" implementation would be better written

delcust() {
  awk -F '"*;"*' -v cust="$1" '$1 != cust' input.csv > output.csv
}
delcust "$1"

While you could modify this to pass multiple positional parameters, I'd suggest passing the customer list via standard input and parsing it as a file of values; that way you can do a canonical Awk lookup based on an associative array (or hash):

delcusts() {
  printf '%s\n' "$@" | awk -F'"*;"*' 'NR==FNR {custs[$0]=1; next} !($1 in custs)' - input.csv > output.csv
}
delcusts "$@"

Note that you don't need an explicit print in Awk since print is the default action if a rule evaluates non-zero.


Is it OK to remove appmenu-gtk and install appmenu-gtk:i386?

To answer to my own question: A lot of programs use this package, but none of them showed any problems.

The only program that was crashing constantly was hp-gui indicator.


Is there a way to set  shortcut-keys for specific opened windows in Gnome?

It is possible to achieve this with a python script. The script requires python-wnck and python-gtk to be installed in order to work, although I think these are installed by default anyway.

Copy and paste this into a text editor and save in a sensible place (eg. switch.py in your home folder):

#!/usr/bin/env python2
import wnck
import gtk
import sys
import time

screen = wnck.screen_get_default()

while gtk.events_pending():
    gtk.main_iteration()

windows = screen.get_windows()

for w in windows:
    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
        if w.get_application().get_name() == sys.argv[1]:
            w.activate(int(time.time()+1))
            break
    else:
        print("Application name of window with title " + repr(w.get_name()) + " is " + repr(w.get_application().get_name()))

You can then set up the keyboard shortcut by opening Keyboard Shortcuts (System->Preferences->Keyboard Shortcuts).

Click add to create a new shortcut.

Use the command bash -c 'python ~/switch.py Terminal' (this is assuming you saved it as switch.py in your home folder). Replace 'Terminal' with the application name of the window you want to switch to. To find out the application names of the currently opened windows, run python ~/switch.py in a terminal.

You can then assign your preferred keyboard combination to this action.


Ubuntu logo flickering on shut down - Ubuntu 15.04 XPS 13

Installing kernel 4.1.4 fixed the issue.

(Consequently it is fixed in Ubuntu 15.10).


You're using the Budgie Remix PPA. You can remove it with:

sudo apt install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:budgie-remix/ppa

This will

remove the PPA from the repository list,
replace all packages from the PPA with the next best package from any other remaining configured repository if one is available and
remove all other packages installed from the PPA.

You'll probably need to start a new desktop session (log out and back in) for the changes to take effect fully and without glitches.

For more info and alternative methods to remove PPAs see How can PPAs be removed?


Can't get in to edit Fstab and Crypttab. Veracrypt container hanging up system on load attempt

I solved the problem. I will try and summarize.

I tried the Debian live disk again, but made no headway.
Then I put in the install disk for Xubuntu and chose the "try" option. I didn't want to overwrite anything with an actual install.
Was able to decrypt the hard drive as before. The usual access permission errors popped up.
I had no internet connected, nor was I going to attempt a connection to the laptop at this point. I used my other computer to research more online.
I decided to try the "sudo chmod -R -v 777 *" code on the hard drive to release all file permission restrictions on everything. Major security warnings from people, but I had nothing to lose at this point. I needed to make headway somewhere.
"Sudo -s" to get the root prompt.
My user home folder was showing a "..private.." file name and a text file. I used "nano (textfile)" to view it. It said, I needed to use "ecryptfs-mount-private" to get into the file, which was my Home folder.
Tried, but got error...‘/run/user/999/gvfs’: Permission denied
More Google time. Ran the following in terminal..."umount /run/user/999/gvfs"
Then ran "ecryptfs-recovery-private"
It asked me if I knew my user login password. Yes. Typed that in.
It asked me again after kicking back some results. Typed it in again.
If you don't know the logon password, I think it will then ask if you know the encryption passphrase. That long code the installer tells you to write down when you initially install the Linux distribution....and keep in a safe place.
Success! It decrypted the Home folder and mounted it. I had access finally!!
I moved all the Home files to a new folder on my portable hard drive. I checked to make sure I could open them, and I indeed could.

I wasn't sure if I should move any of the other system folders besides the home folder.

So it was just research luck on my part that I landed on the right combination of things today. I had some usual terminal window rookie issues, but figured it out eventually.

"df -h" was helpful in figuring out what I needed to input in the terminal window. And of course, "ls", "nano", and "mv" were helpful as well.

I am going to wipe the hard drive on the laptop and re-install Xubuntu. And from now on, I'm not going to mess with adding code to files trying to get Veracrypt to auto load. That mistake sent me down the rabbit hole for more than a month. Lesson learned.


Pulseaudio not working, daemon already running and no permission for home folder

I had the same problem, none of the top Google results helped, and I finally found a solution that worked: make sure your user is in the audio group.
I added mine with the following command:
sudo addgroup $USER audio


Image map (each image is a hyperlink) in montage

I found the solution in the Imagemagick documentation. The section on 'image map' has it all.


Select Code Snippets in Plugin. Simple. I just wrote def and immediate tab. def(tab) and it gave me options.


I solved the problem thanks to @MichaelMS,  -I have my music stored on an NTFS drive which I deciced to permanently mounted (so that I could access it with SSHFS) but with a different path then that used by Ubuntu when...  So then none of audio player apps could find the music.

I find it strange that none of the apps GUIs show an error for this type of scenario -such as a little error dialog -eh where has your music gone...!


How can I know what message Gnome is currently displaying through an SSH session?

You can install a VNC-Server to look at the screen.
Install x11vnc.
Run x11vnc.
Connect to the Computer using a VNC-Viewer.
You can take a screenshot copy it to your Computer using sftp.
Install scrot.
Run scrot -D :0 <filename>.
Run sftp user@ip (from your Computer), type get <filename> to get download the file and type exit to exit sftp.


Migrate Rhythbox from one computer to another with different username

I think you should copy over /home/user/.local/share

use emacs or another good text editing, to search all files and subfolder for the location of the components from the first node to the second and do a mass replace. that'll take care of a lot of the problems.

the covers, copy them over from ~/.cache/rhythmbox/covers, but honestly, if you don't have international music or albums no one ever heard of, the software's auto fetch covers is enough
music files can be literally copied over manually
/home/user/.local/share/rhythmbox/playlists.xml (you can edit files location to the songs)
ratings and playcounts are in /home/user/.local/share/rhythmbox/rhytmdb.xml you can rebuild your entire library from this file, as long as the locations are consistent.
For other settings you can try moving ~/.gconf/apps/rhythmbox. (depends on the version though )

Credits to  Khurshid, he uncovered couple of the points.


Yes, you can install i7z using

sudo apt-get install i7z

and then run it with sudo i7z, stress your cpu using something like handbrake, and during encoding, clock speeds will be shown accurately. Sadly right now i7z doesn't show temperatures but I think they will be added in future versions.


Note: This answer was written for systems running the Compiz window manager (default in Ubuntu 7.04 to 17.04). For versions of Ubuntu using Gnome Shell see this answer.

Install compizconfig-settings-manager:
sudo apt install compizconfig-settings-manager

Go to Window Management -> Place Windows -> Fixed Window Placement

Under Windows with fixed viewport  click on new

class=NameOfYourProgram (Here the spelling is important. Better use the green plus sign and "Grab" this parameter in the resulting window)
Position : {1,1}top left; {1,2}bottom left, ...
example opens Gnome-terminal in bottom right workspace :

More information on wiki.compiz.org


How to unmount and mount pen drive in ubuntu via command line

A. Identify the pendrive with the following commands

sudo parted -ls
sudo lsblk -fm

best in a wide terminal window (to avoid line wrapping)

df -h

to check if it is already mounted

B. Create mount points with mkdir and mount with the mount command

sudo mkdir /mnt/sdn

Make the mount point only the first time; n can be a number 1 or 2 ...

sudo mount /dev/sdxm /mnt/sdn

x is the drive letter, m is the partition number

for example

sudo mkdir /mnt/sd1
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sd1

C. Unmount with umount

sudo umount /mnt/sdn

where n can be a number 1 or 2 ...

or

sudo umount /dev/sdxm

where x is the drive letter and m is the partition number identified according to the command lines in A. (parted, lsblk, df).


Nobody can guarantee that the package in the repository will be a fixed version.

It is possible to hold an installed package from upgrading, but apt will always install an available version from the repos. Nobody keeps old versions there.

There actually may be two versions the initial one and an "upgrade" one.

But it is very unlikely that a package will be upgraded to some new major version in an LTS repository. Some minor fix may be released, but I don't think it can affect functionality.

The

sudo apt-get install tofrodos:i386=version

is the correct command. But there is no 1.17.3 version in the repos.

The correct version is 1.7.13+ds-2ubuntu1.

pilot6@Pilot6:~$apt-cache policy tofrodos
tofrodos:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 1.7.13+ds-2ubuntu1
  Version table:
     1.7.13+ds-2ubuntu1 500
        500 http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 Packages

So the

sudo apt-get install tofrodos:i386=1.7.13+ds-2ubuntu1

should work.

It is the "initial" version for xenial. Even if the package is upgraded in xenial-updates the command will install this version.


You could try adding

UNITY_FORCE_START=1

to the /etc/environment file. I have a GeForce FX 5200, and my driver is blacklisted, but I forced Unity and it works. Not the best performance, though.

However, the best solution would be to use Unity 2D, which is basically the same, but designed for non-accelerated graphics.


CPU overheating when using SSD in DVD bay with a caddy, kworker using 20%cpu

Please read this article. Load average is high after adding second drive
I solved my problem just by switching the button (like this on the pic)


You can't open a desktop shortcut as an script, because the shell won't understand the command and it'll just try to execute line by line what's in the text file.

Try this:

gnome-open firestorm.desktop

If it doesn't work, it may be a problem of permissions. Try to do the file executable with:

chmod +x firestorm.desktop

or trought the properties menu that appears if you right click on the desktop file.


Unless you have some type of malware in your computer or drive's firmware, then overwriting the drive should completely obliterate any trace of Windows. As Android Dev's answer says, dd can do that, or gnome-disk-utility/Disks has a GUI and also a "Format - overwrite with zeros" option too, using a progress bar.

But overwriting really isn't necessary, just plain formatting the existing drive's partitions will do it, Windows and its programs can't run from a few leftover sectors of data on a drive, and eventually they'll be overwritten with new data anyway. It takes some effort to get Windows programs to run in Linux at all, only a few can, and any data on a drive that's unallocated (marked as "free space") would be impossible to run normally.

gparted can create a new partition table and partitions as well as format them, and it's a GUI program that's on the basic Ubuntu ISOs. I believe the "Device" menu has the "create a new MBR/GPT" option, and you can do a lot by clicking/right-clicking on things too.  Writing a new partition table (MBR/GPT) and making new partitions and formatting them is probably overkill, but possible too.

But basically just the Ubuntu installer's option to "Erase the disk and install Ubuntu" or "Replace Windows with Ubuntu" is exactly what you want, it will get rid of Windows. Just like in your example image:

If windows is already gone.

If windows is still there.

Obviously, if there's any data you care about on the drive, make a backup of it first.


19.10 solaar not seeing logitech unifying receiver

1. Install the latest solaar
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:solaar-unifying/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install solaar # if Gnome then also install solaar-gnome3 (not required with recent versions of Solaar).
2. Check for udev rule
Check /etc/udev/rules.d for a file, called either 42-logitech-unify-permissions.rules or 60-solaar.rules.
3. Update the receiver firmware
https://support.logi.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360033207154-Logitech-Unifying-Receiver-Update
https://support.logi.com/hc/en-us/articles/360035037273
Note: The Ubuntu Software app should be able to update the firmware also.
4. Check for plugdev group
groups
Make sure you're in the plugdev group
Note: log out/log in required if you added yourself to this group.
5. Replug
Unplug, and reinsert the receiver dongle.

Note: for debugging purposes, you can use the solaar show or solaar -d commands.
Note: see https://github.com/pwr-Solaar/Solaar for more info
Note: see https://github.com/pwr-Solaar/Solaar/tree/master/rules.d for udev rule installation
Note: see https://pwr-solaar.github.io/Solaar/installation for manual install instructions that might help debug


In order to install the Gnome Classic Desktop as you see in the picture:

Open Software Center
Edit -> Software Sources
Make sure the check box with (universe) is checked.
Close the dialog and let it update if it needs to
Search the Software Center for gnome-session-fallback and install it
Log out, hit the Ubuntu logo next to your username and select "Gnome Classic".
After login you'll be at the original Gnome desktop.


Check if a package is required or whether it can be safely deleted

Deleting packages is rarely an effective way to free up space in the root filesystem. Packages are small and numerous.

Look for large (runaway) logfiles in /var/log. Those can free up a lot of space quickly! Remember that a runaway log is merely a symptom of a problem that still needs to be investigated and fixed.

Look for large personal files in your /home. A movie or two takes up a lot of storage. Occasionally, folks who have a separate home discover that it failed to mount and all their data is in the root filesystem instead.

Run Baobob (also known as Disk Usage Analyzer) to search for large files on your root filesystem. It's included with every stock install of Ubuntu Desktop -- use your Desktop Search to find it. If you are on a Server instead of a desktop, here are some good techniques to find big files using du

Here's one easy, safe way to determine is a package is system-critical:
apt remove --simulate <package_name>

The --simulate option means that the removal WON'T actually take place. An additional protection is omitting sudo.

Read the output: If only the package is removed (and perhaps a few dependencies), then it is likely safe to remove.
However, if the list of proposed removals includes one of these red flags, then DON'T do it for real:

The list is lengthy
The list includes applications that you use
The list includes one of the desktop meta-packages (ubuntu-desktop, kubuntu-desktop, etc.)
The list includes the apt, dpkg, python3, or python3-minimal packages (removing those would destroy your package manager)


Wireless adapter connects every time I insert it, but stops working after a short while

I was having the same problem with a Dell D1450U USB wireless card. The problem was almost certainly with software at some level and not hardware.

It may be faster to get back online - if you look under the menu for network settings

Enable wireless (wait for the check-mark to go away)
then re-enable and connect (if not done automatically)

You may be better off posting in the Ubuntu Networking & Wireless forums where people can tell you what specific information could help diagnose the problem (ex. http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1818988).

Good luck!


Can ffmpeg copy codec settings from an "etalon" ("perfect example") file?

No such feature
When encoding ffmpeg will automatically attempt to copy some settings (width, height, frame rate, sample rate, channel layout, pixel format, etc). But it has no such feature to automatically copy all of the encoding settings from the input to the output. It's not really possible.
Stream copy
But you can stream copy (re-mux) instead of encode which is like a copy and paste:
ffmpeg -i input.mkv -map 0 -c copy output.mkv

Perhaps that will achieve what you are trying to do.
Manual method
See example at ffmpeg: transcode using same codec and params as input.
I am the author but I don't recommend doing this.
It's usually not a good idea
Trying to copy settings is almost always an example of the XY problem.
For example, a user may want to copy settings to get a video to play on a particular device. The result is often overly complicated with a suboptimal output when the actual solution is usually much simpler.
If you explain what you are actually trying to achieve we can give a more accurate answer.


Access of the other drives in dual-boot system

You should be able to mount the partition.

Try making sure all these packages are installed:

sudo apt-get install fuse mount mountall mtools udisks usbmount pmount

Also make sure you have installed 'gvfs' metapackage:

sudo apt-get install gvfs*

Then try rebooting.

If that doesn't work, you may have to manually mount the drives. You can find out which ones you should mount by using the disk utility application (search disk on the dash).


can not hibernate Ubuntu 20.04 (no disk /sys/power/state)

I found the problem.
In my case, I need to turn off fast boot and secure boot in bios.
They are hidden and difficult to find, so when I looked for them, I did not find originally and thought my mainboard BIOS doesn't have the option, but after looking all over the BIOS option, I found and turn them off and then I was able to hibernate.


Jumping black screen at Ubuntu 16.04 on VirtualBox 5.0.20

I also had problems with Ubuntu 16.04 in VirtualBox 5.0.20. My problems was with Chromium not rendering at all.

I then installed the Guest Additions 5.0.16 from the Download page and it solved my problems.
https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads

I just installed this Guest Addition on top of the current one.


Open files in Sublime from WinSCP running on Wine

I had exactly the same problem (Ubuntu + Wine + WinSCP + Sublime) and Sublime was giving me blank pages once I've tried to edit with it.
Googling gave me nothing so I've made my own solution for that (tested on Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty)

Here is my solution and research.

Solution

Solution tested and works with Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty + Sublime 3 + Wine-1.6.2. I think it will also work for Debian (haven't tested).

I've split solution into 2 scripts to have two universal tools instead of one specific.

The solution is add a script to fix the path before it's get's to Sublime:

First script wine2unix-path will transform Wine "windows path" into real file system path and fix it's format (quotes and double backslashes \\)
Second script sublime.exe will use fixed real file path from wine2unix-path and will pass it into Sublime.

I've named first script "sublime.exe" because otherwise Wine refuses to see it in "Editors" settings, when I update editor path.

Steps to do:

Create /usr/local/bin/wine2unix-path
Create /usr/local/bin/sublime.exe
Update editor path in WinScp

Step 1. wine2unix-path

Example usage: wine2unix-path c:\\Program files\\WinScp\\Log.txt returns /home/YOUR_CURRENT_LINUX_USER/.wine/drive_c/Program files/WinScp/Log.txt.

Create file sudo touch /usr/local/bin/wine2unix-path
Make executable sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/wine2unix-path

Put following script into it:

#!/bin/bash

# Trim quotes
FILE=$(echo "$@" | sed -e "s#\(^['\"]*\)\|\(['\"]*$\)##g")
USER_NAME=$(id -u -n)
DRIVE_LETTER="`echo $FILE | sed -e "s/^\([a-Z]\):.*/\1/" | awk '{print tolower($0)}'`"

echo "$FILE" | sed \
    -e 's#\\#\/#g' \
    -e "s#^[a-Z]:#/home/${USER_NAME}/.wine/drive\_${DRIVE_LETTER}#"

exit 0

What this script do:

FILE - Get file path and trim " and ' quotes if there is any
USER_NAME - Get current user name /home/USER
DRIVE_LETTER - Get drive letter from file path (first character). It may be different C:\ refers to .wine/drive_c, D:\ refers to .wine/drive_d etc.
Update file path

Replace root path C:\ with full path to wine folder. C:\ becomes /home/USER/.wine/drive_c
Replaces \\ (escaped backslashes in a windows way) with \, otherwise C:\\users\\files become C:usersfiles when it passed to sublime.

Output result file path (real file path)

Step 2. sublime.exe

Create file sudo touch /usr/local/bin/sublime.exe
Make executable sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/sublime.exe
Put there provided below
Change /opt/sublime_text/sublime_text path in script below (last line) with yours sublime path.

My Sublime version 3103 is located at /opt/sublime_text/sublime_text

#!/bin/bash

# Wrapper script to open sublime from Wine
#
# File path passed as a first argument should be "quoted" and "escaped"
# other wise spaces will split path into two
#
# For example: sublime.exe "c:\\Program files\\WinScp\\Log.txt"
#

# wine2unix-path is a help script to convert "Wine windows paths"
# to real paths in linux so sublime can access it
#
# For for example:
#     ./sublime.exe "c:\\Program files\\WinScp\\Log.txt"
# Will result:
#     /home/YOUR_CURRENT_LINUX_USER/.wine/drive_c/Program files/WinScp/Log.txt

unixpath="`wine2unix-path $1`"

/opt/sublime_text/sublime_text "$unixpath"

What this script do:

Converts Wine file path to real file path.
Passes this path quoted (to avoid split path by spaces) to sublime.

Step 3. Update editor path in WinScp

Open WinScp
Go to Options > Preferences > Editors
If you already have Sublime in editors:

Select line with sublime
Click Edit button
Set following path for "External editor" Z:\usr\local\bin\sublime.exe \"!.!\"
Click Ok. Done

If you don't have Sublime in editors:

Click Add (to add sublime editor and assign it to file types).
Set following path for "External editor" Z:\usr\local\bin\sublime.exe \"!.!\"
Set you list of file types you want to edit with it in "Use this editor for following files". I use it for PHP files and some configs *.ini; *.txt; *.php; *.tpl  or *.* for all file types

Make sure Sublime line is on top of the list in Editor preferences. It will make priority for file types you selected for Sublime.

Picture: Sublime settings in WinScp

Research of the problem

The problem appear in file path that Wine passes to Sublime:

Path is not quoted with " or ' when it passed to sublime
Path backslashes are doubleescaped \\

An example:

File to edit /server/user/www/my project/some other file.php
Wine calls sublime Z:\opt\sublime_text\sublime_text /home/CURRENT_USER/.wine/drive_c/Program files/WinScp/server/user/www/my project/some file.php (path not quoted or escaped)
System run it as /opt/sublime_text/sublime_text /home/CURRENT_USER/.wine/drive_c/Program files/WinScp/server/user/www/my project/some file.php.
So command being interpretative as:

Command /opt/sublime_text/sublime_text
Argument /home/CURRENT_USER/.wine/drive_c/Program
Argument files/WinScp/server/user/www/my
Argument project/some
Argument file.php

As the result path being split by spaces because of the lack quotes.
As I found later there is also problem with double escapes \\ in a path


You can go to settings with F2 then move right with your right arrow key then select how you want the CPU displayed by using space then F10 to save.


I don't think that's possible. You'd need to somehow modify the Ubuntu installation to put the WiFi network config in. There's also no way you could install it remotely because the setup requires personalization and doesn't support remote connections.


Spyder requires jedi>=0.10 but installs jedi==0.90

The error...

ImportError: cannot import name 'quick_guide'

...was reported at https://github.com/spyder-ide/spyder/issues/4170 and and fixed at https://github.com/spyder-ide/spyder/pull/4208 and released in version 3.1.4

Type

pip3 install --upgrade spyder

to fix this issue.


There is of course the amazing Ask Oli search engine. Probably one of the best. Actually asking Oli usually has good results too.

There are also many good ubuntu books. I like Ubuntu Linux Secrets.

Seriously now, for your purposes http://www.googlubuntu.com/ is probably the way to go.


Make a backup of /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list

Edit /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list like:

sudo pico /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list

Look for any lines that do NOT start with deb. Your very first line is probably the bad one. They are probably garbage characters, or some other invalid text. Delete them, saving only the deb line. Save and close the file with control-o and control-x.

Open Synaptic from the Dash, and click the Reload button. Any remaining errors will show up.


bashdb is not available in the Repos anymore.
You could install the .deb version still available in the Universe Repo for Ubtunu 16.04, all its dependencies are fine with 20.04.
But it seems outdated.
I would go with the latest version, that is also provded as a .deb package on the official download page.


How to install a particular version of nvidia-settings?

I may be mistaken but I thought nvidia-settings was packaged with the driver itself. So to install a different version you'd need a different driver.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt update

Open Software & Updates > Additional Drivers > Select a newer driver > Apply

If that fails, use aptitude instead via: sudo aptitude install nvidia-driver-418 (or whichever version) and pick a solution that installs the new driver.


Update Ubuntu 12.04 LTS to 13.04 without losing dual boot

If you update Ubuntu from the update manager, all your grub settings should stay put.  It has worked for me numerous times with no problem.

You will notice that to upgrade from 12.04 to 13.04 actually requires two upgrades upon the documentations: first from 12.04 to 12.10, then from 12.10 to 13.04.

  To avoid damaging your running system, upgrading should only be done from one release to the next release (e.g. Ubuntu 12.04 to Ubuntu 12.10) or from one LTS release to the next (e.g. Ubuntu 10.04 LTS to Ubuntu 12.04 LTS).


WPA2 WiFi password constrained to 5 or 13 characters

Go to /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections and delete all files that refer to this connection. Then try again to set up a Wi-Fi connection


I installed Ubuntu 11.10, and it took over my number 2 drive d: which was a music directory

I could not understand first that how could you make a partition inside a partition when a operating system is installed on that. I mean isn't it like cutting the branch of tree on which you are sitting. But above all, only recovering your data matters here first. So let me be clear.
If you have completely wiped of all your data, then it is possible to recover some part of it(as they have traces on magnetic tape surrounded on hard disk sectors). Since you are using windows, So I would recommend you to use some window based recovery application. "Easus get data back" is the one for you to recover the data. But music is the thing that you can grab easily from the internet. Then Just try to install ubuntu in a separate partition as further you might mistakenly loose c: drive and then you could not even start an OS.


The best way is to setup a conda environment with a specific version of python, using python provided by conda, rather than trying to install or use a version of python provided by your operating system (Ubuntu).

conda create --name yourenvironmentname python=3.6.8
conda active yourenvironmentname

Then you should be able to run your program.

For further reading, consult the official documentation: https://docs.conda.io/projects/conda/en/latest/user-guide/getting-started.html#managing-python


Why is the back arrow on Nautilus so small?

The easy answer is that you should find a theme that you like instead of the one you've chosen.


multiarch and Architecture: all packages

The architecture-independent package needs to declare that it can safely satisfy dependencies on any architecture, with Multi-Arch: foreign or Multi-Arch: allowed. So, no, there's not much you can do.


Is it possible to do a screencast with a webcam inside the screen

gtk-recordmydesktop will record anything that's on screen, including a cheese window diaplaying your webcam, for instance. Nothing special is necessary. You'll probably want to keep the cheese window always on top, though.


You could try deleting 'floppy0' in /media.

Or perhaps blacklisting the floppy driver by editing

/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

and adding

blacklist floppy.


Rebuilding a kernel module(driver) with debugging

Turns out I needed to run make scripts in the headers dir. It exits with failure, but I guess it does whatever it needs to with the build params first.


In many cases of error messages with winetricks an update to the very latest version of winetricks will fix the issue; the repository winetricks is almost always at least slightly aged!
To test this I followed this excellent question and answer on Ask Ubuntu to update to the very latest winetricks:
How do I get the latest version of winetricks on Ubuntu?
Note that at the time of writing this answer this should give you the following version:
andrew@ithaca:~$ winetricks --version
20200412-next - sha256sum: 9ce444892e885bf7318b1f6c251dafb7a43fc26bb3078215f630e8a2b3f15874

Now the following command should be successful in installing the prerequisites and required dlls for TodoList, and certainly it worked well on my Ubuntu Focal Fossa 20.04 system:
winetricks --verbose comctl32 mfc42 vcrun6

And hopefully on yours as well :)


your Question can be successfully answered at : pay-support@canonical.com

mail them your issue.They will reply ASAP.

Edit: Got some reliable information : https://one.ubuntu.com/terms/#fees-and-payment

  If you purchase content or applications from us, payment for content
  or applications is due at the time you purchase the content or
  application. You will be asked to enter your credit card number and we
  will charge your credit card at the time of purchase. Fees are charged
  in the currency in which you make your purchase.

  Payment for services is handled for Canonical by a third party and
  your credit card statement may identify Ubuntu One paid subscriptions
  as “Canonical” or “PayPal”. All fees and paid accounts are
  non-refundable. You are responsible for any foreign transaction fees
  incurred by your bank.

Bottom line: If you have any credit card then you can do purchase & that's completely doesn't matter what Card it is.

Hope that helps.


Steps to diagnose SNU5600 disconnection problem

I have read that the best option is to change from the Minstrel algorithm, so I have asked a new question about how to do that.


How to add support of scala syntax highlighting in VIM?

Download the scala.vim file from here http://github.com/vim-scripts/scala.vim to e.g. ~/.vim/syntax directory.
Edit your ~/.vimrc file and add the following:

au BufRead,BufNewFile *.scala set filetype=scala
au! Syntax scala source ~/.vim/syntax/scala.vim

source: Scala syntax highlighting in VIM


How can I retroactively add an e-mail to a thread in Thunderbird?

Well, in principle you can. In practice however, don't try it. For this to work, you would need to edit the corresponding .msf file. This is an index to the emails, which themselves are all stored in a single file with no structure. The index keeps track of which mails have been viewed, which are replies to other mails, etc. Your thread structure is contained in it. However, the .msf file (mail folder summary) has the Mork database format, which is very, very hard to parse, let alone edit, for humans.


*         *       *               *                *
Minute    Hour    Day of Month    Month of Year    Day of Week
05        0       1-7             3,6,9,12         0

Yes, because you have told it to run on the fifth minute of midnight, if pithing the first seven days of the months March, June, September, or December, it is a Sunday.

The part with $(date +\%w) -eq 0 && ... converts the output of date into the numeric value of the day of the week and checks if it is 0, or a Sunday, before running the scrub job.


Dell with Ubuntu pre-installed - no bootable devices!

Agree with netbox.  The quickest way to see what's going on is to go into the BIOS and see what the device boot order is.  Assuming that the HDD/SDD with Ubuntu is in the boot device list, you could have a problem with something in /boot of the boot device could be defective.  You could try booting from a LiveCD. If that works it will give you access to the boot device directory structure so you can look around.

As previously noted you have not provided sufficient information to troubleshoot this problem.  Could be a bad/corrupted boot device, a BIOS problem or any number of other things.


Try this

sudo apt purge python2.x
sudo apt purge python3.x

As there are still a lot of packages that depend on Python2.x So you should have a close look at the packages that apt wants to remove before you let it proceed.

after that you can install your required version by

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install python3.6.2

then you can check by

ls -l /usr/bin/python*


There is nothing at all you need to do. The 169.254.0.0 route is typically present for everyone with internet connectivity. Here is the route information from my machine:

chili@T440p:~$ route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.0.1     0.0.0.0         UG    600    0        0 wlp3s0
169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1000   0        0 wlp3s0
192.168.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     600    0        0 wlp3s0

Please see: https://serverfault.com/questions/132657/where-route-to-169-254-0-0-comes-from

Especially see:

  The 169.254.0.0/16 network is used for Automatic Private IP
  Addressing, or APIPA. If a DHCP client attempts to get an address, but
  fails to find a DHCP server after the timeout and retries period it
  will randomly assume an address from this network. This allows
  communication with hosts that have failed to obtain a DHCP address.

In short, the entry is entirely normal.


Assuming the today scope in M10 does not differ from the today scope on other devices, there is few customization possible. Clicking on the settings menu in the upper right (in between the star and the magnifying glass) you can choose some content. As for German news I have though only DIE WELT available (using the aquaris E4.5).


Dell Inspiron 8100 won't Suspend or Hibernate

What you read in the Hardware Compatibility section was indicating that the driver for your graphics card won't let you suspend. I have the same thing; it stinks. Disable the ATI catalyst driver (you'll probably do this under Additional Drivers (aka Jockey)). You may notice significant decreases in graphics performance, but you will be able to suspend and/or hibernate successfully.


Xubuntu 16.04 fresh install can't access wifi

Your wireless adapter seems to be blocked by acer-wmi. Disable it by running

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-acer.conf <<< "blacklist acer_wmi"

Reboot to apply.


Can I mount and run an iso from my terminal?

1) You must login as a root user, if not root user then switch to root user using following command:

$ su -

2) Create the directory i.e. mount point:

# mkdir -p /mnt/disk

3) Use mount command as follows to mount iso file called disk1.iso:

# mount -o loop disk1.iso /mnt/disk

4) Change directory to list files stored inside an ISO image:

# cd /mnt/disk
# ls -l

Then you can run whatever you want from your ISO


Error while dpkg the virtualbox-5.0_5.0.4-102546-Ubuntu-trusty_amd64.deb "Failed to create the Virtualboxclient object"?

We resolved this in chat here.

Quick explanation of how we resolved it:

OP had downloaded the .deb file from here.

Run sudo apt-get purge virtualbox
Reboot the machine
Run sudo dpkg -i virtualbox-5.0_5.0.4-102546-Ubuntu-trusty_amd64.deb.
Run virtualbox and it now works!

Apparently a reboot was required.


The wiki description is:

  By this date, all features with updates to be landed in main for the
  release must be named and acknowledged by the Release Team. Having
  this freeze gives them a chance to identify any features which should
  be subject to an earlier Partner Update Deadline or Feature Freeze
  deadline because they are especially risky. The list of features
  should be sent to the Release Team mailing list.

It's a deadline to get all blueprints set into the appropriate
priority and approved for the next release.

Blueprints should have all Work Items properly defined in the "Work Items"
section.

Also, in order to show up properly on http://status.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-t/,  blueprints
must be marked as approved, have an importance set and targeted to the
release.

Source


How to force Shotwell write metadata tags to video file?

Currently, Shotwell does not support writing meta-data to video files.

Also, the official Bug tracker for requests is here


Error message after backing up windows drive

Try starting up into windows, let it check the disks (it most likely will do this automatically). Then one windows has started do a proper shutdown, no quick boots or partial shutdowns. Then start back up into ubuntu and try again.

Thanks, hope this helps.


Ubuntu 13.04 Dual boot UEFI Windows 8 Preinstalled ACER

I found this link that might be helpful, especially the last bit about the bootloader:

http://www.linuxbsdos.com/2012/11/05/dual-boot-windows-8-and-ubuntu-12-10-on-uefi-hardware/

Jack


How do I use Ubuntu Server and OpenStack to create my own private cloud, which can host a website and store data on it?

http://ronaldbradford.com/blog/installing-ubuntu-openstack-2015-06-01/

In my opinion if you are new to Cloud, go with Citrix Xenserver or something like that first, free and easy to use.


Using apt to install lxd or lxc is no longer recommended:

  Snaps are the recommended installation method. In upcoming Ubuntu releases the snap version of LXD will be the only recommended way of installing and using LXD.

On Ubuntu 16.04, you can install the Snaps version with:

sudo snap install lxd
/snap/bin/lxd init

If you have existing lxd containers, you can migrate them:

/snap/bin/lxd.migrate

To remove the apt packaged version of lxc:

sudo apt remove lxc lxc-utils lxcfs liblxc1 liblxc-common lxd lxd-client
sudo apt autoremove

To update your bash PATH after removing the apt package type:

hash -r

Now, you should be using the snap package version of lxc:

> which lxc
/snap/bin/lxc
> lxc version
To start your first container, try: lxc launch ubuntu:18.04

Client version: 3.5
Server version: 3.5


Run Shell Script after click on button - YAD

I just add condition:

ret=$?

[[ $ret -eq 1 ]] && exit 0

if [[ $ret -eq 2 ]]; then

      /path/to/shell/1.sh
fi

if [[ $ret -eq 3 ]]; then

    /path/to/shell/2.sh

fi


receiving files over bluetooth on Ubuntu 20.04

Receiving files in Blueman can be enabled by right clicking on Blueman icon, go to Local Services, Transfer, enable Accept files from trusted devices and choose a folder to store them on


On the Ubuntu CD if I remember correctly there is an option to boot into the first hard drive the loader finds. Have you tried that? If that works for you then likely GRUB (bootloader to start OS's, after the bios as decided to boot from the first drive it will then hand over selecting an OS to GRUB) was installed wrong, or to the wrong location. There are many pages under the Ubuntu help website that can explain how to do this better than I can. Just Google 'reinstall grub ubuntu' the ones that are 'help.ubuntu.com' are the ones you want.

If that doesn't work I'd recommend just trying to reinstall again, and if possible select the option to install GRUB to the MBR (Master Boot Record, basically a list of OS's on the hard drive), instead of to the first partition as it sometimes does.


Ubuntu 12.04 Google Chome - Email links don't open Thunderbird

It sounds like your preferred email client is now 'Chrome' instead of 'Thunderbird'. To change that, perform the following steps:

Open 'System-Settings'

Click on 'Details'

On the left side of the window, click on 'Default Applications'
On the mail option between browser and calendar, select 'Thunderbird'

Close the window

Hope that helps

--EDIT--

Another part to look at that Peter found was the following solution:

Right click on the 'mailto' link
Find 'Open Link With'
Select 'Configure'

Remove any Protocol Handler types that you don't want to use like 'mailto' or 'webcal'


How do I set $PATH to factory setting in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

The default PATH is /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games.

If you want to add something to the path, do: export PATH=something:$PATH so the original PATH is retained.


Recover data from repartitioned SD card?

Install testdisk utility by running:

sudo apt-get install testdisk

Then run it by:

sudo testdisk <device_name>

Replacing <device_name> with /dev/sdb or other depending to your specific configuration.

For testdisk usage read:

man testdisk


Save "report a problem" as a plain text file

You find the error report files created by apport in the directory

/var/crash/

The files are named with the following scheme:

_underscore_separated_path_to_executable.UserID.crash

So for example when qtox recently crashed running as user with UID 1000, it created the following file:

/var/crash/_usr_bin_qtox.1000.crash

It's a simple but very long (up to several MB) ASCII text file which you can open in any editor. It looks like this, for example (only the first few lines, of course):

ProblemType: Crash
Architecture: amd64
CrashCounter: 1
CurrentDesktop: Unity
Date: Tue Nov 17 12:30:26 2015
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 15.10
ExecutablePath: /usr/bin/qtox
ExecutableTimestamp: 1447542999
ProcCmdline: qtox
ProcCwd: /home/alphawolf
ProcEnviron:
[...]


AMD proprietary driver doesn't let me see the temperature

I have the same graphics card and I've found that Psensor doesn't reliably work with the proprietary drivers. But there's another way you can check up on the GPU temperature. Open up a terminal (CTRL + ALT + T under Unity) and type in the following command:

aticonfig --odgt --odgc

It will show you both your current GPU temperature and information on its workload:

$ aticonfig --odgt --odgc

Default Adapter - AMD Radeon HD 6500M/5600/5700 Series
                  Sensor 0: Temperature - 54.00 C

Default Adapter - AMD Radeon HD 6500M/5600/5700 Series
                            Core (MHz)    Memory (MHz)
           Current Clocks :    400           800
             Current Peak :    550           800
  Configurable Peak Range : [450-550]     [800-800]
                 GPU load :    0%

On my system I have set up an alias for this command so that I can access it quickly if need be. To do so you can just edit the .bash_aliases file in your home directory:

gedit .bash_aliases

Add the following line to the end of the file:

alias gpuinfo='aticonfig --odgt --odgc'

Save the file and restart the terminal. From now on you will be able to access you GPU temperature with the command gpuinfo.


The files are on the clouds but Ubuntu One is not synchronising some of them

There are some issues with Ubuntu One file synchronization. Seems to be ongoing despite some improvements, if you wait long enough they should eventually synch.
See the current notice on this page: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuOne/Status#Files


Normal user starts in ubuntu-2D look, guest session in 3d

When you reach the logon screen to enter your password, you will see a little icon on the right hand side of your name. Click this icon, and ensure that it's set to unity and not unity-2d.

This worked for me, i have a mobile amd 5xxx series, and for some reason it switched me to unity-2d, hope this works for you.


After system update, screen size very small

I had a similar problem when I tried to remove my nVidia drivers.

You need to re-install ubuntu-desktop to get your normal screen back.

Refer here for complete information : How can I uninstall a nvidia driver completely ?


How can I enable sftp-4 or higher on ubuntu 14.04 or above?

OpenSSH supports SFTP version 3 only.

You would have to use a different SFTP server, such as ProFTPD mod_sftp.


How to resolve Apache2 restart error setting up config hosting for linode project

Fixing apache error AH02291

Apachectl -t error.

  No such file or directory: AH02291: Cannot access directory
  '/var/www/html/chrisbodnarchuk.com/log/' for error log of vhost
  defined at /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/chrisbodnarchuk.com.conf:4
  AH00014: Configuration check failed Action '-t' failed. The Apache
  error log may have more information.

Two errors to fix:

Cannot access directory /var/www/html/chrisbodnarchuk.com/log/

mkdir -p /var/www/html/chrisbodnarchuk.com/log
The above will create log directory.

NOTE: if you defined a log file e.g /var/www/html/chrisbodnarchuk.com/log in your virtualHost config, you must touch /var/www/html/chrisbodnarchuk.com/log/error.log to avoid error, same for access.log (if any).

  AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully
  qualified domain name, using

To get rid of this error add the following to the top of your configuration:

NameVirtualHost localhost

You may add the above to your apache.conf

Hope this helps.


Printer installation problems under ubuntu 14.04

When I moved to 14.04 I got problems with my Brother HL-5350DN.
Now I have installed it thru:
localhost for CUPS (C Unix Printing System)

    http://localhost:631/

and it works just fine.

So try that instead by the Printers dialog.

/Göran


Why can't my Wifi connect or disconnect?

According to this bug report:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/548992

The problem is larger than only Ubuntu but affects more Linux Distributions as well.

In the RedHat bug they suggest that it is most likely IPv6 which is causing the issue. If you are not using IPv6 on your WiFi network, change the setting in the network manager to IPv6 Ingore (Negeren in the Dutch version)

[when your network migrates to IPv6 you can turn this setting back on again
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6
]

The RedHat bug is here:
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=590202

make sure that if you are having this issue to participate in the Ubuntu Bug by adding any extra information that is helpful, such as your findings on wpa-supplicant and by clicking the Affects Me button, the more people who report it the more priority it will get. Thank you for taking the time to make Ubuntu Better for all of us.


Installation problems with MS SQL server for linux

I have the same problem after update openssl, try this

Install aptitute sudo apt install aptitude
sudo aptitude install mssql-server

The following NEW packages will be installed:
  ...
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 mssql-server : Depends: openssl (<= 1.1.0) but 1.1.0f-2~ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 is installed.
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

Keep the following packages at their current version:

        1)  mssql-server [Not Installed]

Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] n

type n and press enter

The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

Downgrade the following packages:

        1)  openssl [1.1.0f-2~ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 (now) -> 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.6 (xenial-security)]

Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] Y
The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:
  openssl

type Y and press enter, and mssql-server will be installed
sudo /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf setup

re-configure your installation


unable to "java" , "javac" etc. commands on terminal directly and two versions of jdk?

You can choose your default java by running update-alternatives:

$ sudo update-alternatives --config java

There are 5 choices for the alternative java (providing /usr/bin/java).

Selection    Path                                            Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/lib/jvm/java-9-oracle/bin/java              1091      auto mode
  1            /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java   1081      manual mode
  2            /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/jre/bin/java          1081      manual mode
* 3            /usr/lib/jvm/java-9-oracle/bin/java              1091      manual mode
  4            /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_91                         100       manual mode
  5            /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_91/bin/java                100       manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number:

Now to change your version simple type a number and hit Enter or to keep the default, just hit Enter. Do the same for the compiler :

sudo update-alternatives --config javac

And make your choice. Now one can also use a better command update-java-alternatives as recommended by Chai.

Now assuming you have these java packages installed:

java-9-oracle
java-8-openjdk-amd64
jdk1.8.0_91

And I want the java-9-oracle version, then I will simply run:

sudo update-java-alternatives -s <java_name>

sudo update-java-alternatives -s java-9-oracle

This would create all the needed links to my desired java version.

Now in the light that you placed java in a different location we will use update-alternatives --install to let it know where our java is.

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/share/java/jdk1.8.0_121/bin/java 1

And for the compiler javac the same

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/share/java/jdk1.8.0_121/bin/javac 1

Source:
man update-java-alternatives


dpkg has no -install, the correct command is dpkg -i or dpkg --install. The error means that the command is fine up to the -i in -install, but the next letter n is not a valid option. Use dpkg --help to get a list of commands you can use with dpkg.


What types of VPN virtual servers allow to change default port?

OpenVPN will let you change ports on server side and if you want on client side too (not very used).
In this example config file you can see the port 1194 line and you can define the port you want instead.

Probably other VPN servers too but I don't know any of them sufficient to answer that.


Keystrokes Delayed or Missing in SketchUP Under Wine

Do you play games? Is there such a problem, or is it specific to only this app? If you have no such a problem anywhere else, then most probably it is caused by a partially (or not at all) implemented function — then I'd advice you to update to wine 1.8, and check if the problem persists. If it's still there, consider filling a bug.


I had such a problem and suspected something to do with proxy configuration that did not work for some of the accesses from CPAN... Have not looked deeper, but try checking this ActiveState community thread to see if it helps you.
Will pop in again to see if there are answers useful to both of us :-)


How to login again after logout ubuntu in Trying ubuntu live CD

The username should be ubuntu, and the password is blank


LXC control script launched via crontab doesn't work properly, but when used from cmd line is OK

I suspect that what you want to do is start the containers daemonized.

-d, --daemon
Run the container as a daemon. As the container has no more tty, if an error
occurs nothing will be displayed, the log file can be used to check the error.
(This is the default mode)

So in your example something like this:

startContainer () {
    lxc-start -d -n $1
}

The failure messages, I suspect, are occurring because when you run this as a stop/start script there's no TTY available for lxc* to connect to your containers and so they're failing to start.

References

lxc-start man page


ubuntu 14.04 install doesn't boot but but displays read error

Use g parted magic usually on Hiren's Disc to delete and current os's on HDD/SSD and leave unallocated then install should be simple and fast.


Cannot make Conference Call using Skype on Ubuntu 14.04

Enable the Ubuntu Partner repository in your /etc/apt/sources.list

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

and uncomment the line

deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner

Remove skype

sudo apt-get remove skype

Then install skype again

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall skype


"Activation of network connection failed" for ethernet connection

After trying various solutions, the only thing that worked eventually was resetting the router.
Moral of the story: try the simplest solutions first.