Ubuntu 15.10 doesn't start after install amd drivers

So, I believe that you need to remove the AMD drivers.  If you can do this from a terminal after booting, great!  If not, then you will need to boot into a recovery mode and try to remove them there.

To get to recovery mode, hold your left shift key while Ubuntu boots.  At the grub menu, choose "Advanced Options for Ubuntu, then the line which says "...(recovery mode)"

In recovery mode, choose the 'networking' mode so that you can do a little re-installation work as well.  From here, the instructions are the same in both recovery mode and in a terminal window.

Try to completely remove your ATI/AMD drivers from your system:  Please note that these instructions are lifted verbatim from this answer

sudo apt-get purge "fglrx.*"

Remove your xorg.conf

sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Reinstall xorg completely

sudo apt-get install --reinstall xserver-xorg-core libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:amd64 libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64

Re-configure Xorg

sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg

Reboot

sudo reboot

You should be greeted with lightdm, this will default everything x the same way a fresh install would.


sed command to replace / with ; only for condition

It's a / between the start and the end of the line. As a regex that's ^/$:

 sed 's|^/$|;|' your_file


Uber ultimate guide to installing of Oracle 11g XE on modern Debian like distro you can find at (VERY HUGE with high amount of workarounds, that is why I can't paste article here):

https://forums.oracle.com/forums/thread.jspa?threadID=2301639

Another valuable sources (hey! these are not links from top 20 web search! I spend 3 evening on reading these blogs, they are really good, but mostly duplicate above forums.oracle.com link):

http://www.makina-corpus.org/blog/howto-install-oracle-11g-ubuntu-linux-1204-precise-pangolin-64bits
http://meandmyubuntulinux.blogspot.com/2012/05/installing-oracle-11g-r2-express.html
http://meandmyubuntulinux.blogspot.com/2012/06/trouble-shooting-oracle-11g.html
http://mikesmithers.wordpress.com/2011/11/26/installing-oracle-11gxe-on-mint-and-ubuntu/
http://www.len.ro/work/oracle-11g-release-2-xe-on-ubuntu-12-04/
http://mikesmithers.wordpress.com/2012/09/25/ora-00845-memory_target-error-installing-oracle-xe-on-mint-and-ubuntu/
http://blog.oracle48.nl/oracle-11g-amm-memory_target-memory_max_target-and-dev_shm/
http://d.hatena.ne.jp/t2y-1979/20111017/1318858143
http://sysadminnotebook.blogspot.com/2012/10/installing-oracle-11g-r2-express.html

One thing that kill a lot of my time is ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system error which I fixed by d.hatena.ne.jp blog tips:

$ sudo vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/config/scripts/init.ora
$ sudo vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/config/scripts/initXETemp.ora

#memory_target=418381824
pga_aggregate_target=200540160
sga_target=601620480

Another error that I fix and that doesn't mentioned by above links is:

  System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/network/admin/listener.ora
  Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/desktop/listener/alert/log.xml
  Error listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC_FOR_XE)))
  TNS-12555: TNS:permission denied
   TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
    TNS-00525: Insufficient privilege for operation
     Linux Error: 1: Operation not permitted

  Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...

when start listener by:

  /bin/su -s /bin/bash oracle -c '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin/lsnrctl  start'

I fix it by commenting line:

#      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC_FOR_XE))

in /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/network/admin/listener.ora.

Next I read Getting Started to unlock HR test user which automatically created during installation of Oracle 11g XE...

Rest of the docs can be found at Database Express Edition Documentation


Running out of space in root when compressing using 7zip

I stole this from here

Your temp folder is probably filling up.  Learn to use qdirstat.  Awesome program.

Then make temp use part of your bigger hard drive.

mount --bind /path/to/dir/with/plenty/of/space /tmp

And umount /tmp when you are done.

If you are on a mission critical server, you can check if any program is currently using /tmp with lsof /tmp before doing the above.

NB: Run all commands as root.


Update Ubuntu Studio 18.04 --> 20.04 failed / stuck, will not go into GUI

Now that you can boot a live USB of Ubuntu, does this answer your question?
boot-repair


I assume, since you are running Ubuntu Server, that you are running without a graphical environment. First, verify that your ethernet inteface is actually eth1:

ifconfig

Configure the interface temporarily:

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

Add the following lines at the bottom of the existing file:

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet dhcp

Save and close nano. Now try to get an IP address:

sudo ifup -v eth1

Did you connect? Confirm:

ifconfig

For a server, so that you can ssh and ftp to the machine, I suggest you use a static IP address. Check in the administration pages of your router or access point to find the range of addresses used for DHCP; select an address for your static server outside that range. Now that we know that the Dell connects, let's reconfigure for a static IP:

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

Change the eth1 lines to:

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.1.125
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 192.168.1.1

Save and close nano. Usually, the router address is fine for DNS. You may add other, faster servers if you wish. Substitute your settings here as needed.

Get the system to re-read the file and use the changes:

sudo ifdown eth1 && sudo ifup -v eth1


KSH syntax error: invalid arithmetic operator (error token is ".111111111 -2.55555")

You code is valid in ksh (although it is not necessary to export the variables, unless you plan on using them in a child environment). So for example given
$ cat myscript.ksh
#!/usr/bin/env ksh

export a=2.55555
export b=15.111111111
export c=$(( $b -$a))
echo $c

then
chmod +x myscript.ksh

$ ./myscript.ksh
12.555561111

However most other common shells do not support non-integer arithmetic - based on the error message it looks like you are actually executing the code with bash:
$ bash ./myscript.ksh
./myscript.ksh: line 5: 15.111111111 -2.55555: syntax error: invalid arithmetic operator (error token is ".111111111 -2.55555")


How to install python-guestfs and libguestfs-tools in python virtual environment?

Try these commands,

sudo apt-get install python-guestfs
sudo apt-get install libguestfs-tools

OR

sudo apt-get install python-pip
sudo pip install python-guestfs
sudo pip install libguestfs-tools


How do I unlock non-partitioned space from my HDD?

You should be able to use Gparted to resize your Ubuntu partition to fill up the free space.

If Gparted isn't installed, open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+Del) and run sudo apt-get install gparted.

Open Gparted by searching for it in Dash (~Start Menu). Select your Ubuntu partition and move your cursor to the edge of it next to the free space. You should be able to drag that edge to fill up the free space of the hard drive. Click Apply in the top left to confirm the change.

If it happens that your swap partition comes between the Ubuntu partition and free space, you'll have to move some things around, which can take a very long time to do. Since it also increases the risk for loss of data, I won't explain this process unless you really want to try it out.

Instead of moving partitions, I recommend just creating a new partition in the free space to act as a data drive. Select the free space in Gparted and click the button to create a new partition in that space. Apply it, and you should now have a ~1.5TB data partition.

If you have any questions, comment.


Try this without using aliases:

g++ imageshow.cpp -o imageshow `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv`


how to install wireless adapters and download any softwares from ubuntu software center

I have a Latitude D630, running Ubuntu. Windows is installed, but rarely booted. I have neither of your problems (you should only ask 1 question at a time - this enhances the ability of future users to find the question and answer.

To load the module needed to support WiFi on the Latitude D630,

sudo modprobe b43


How to enable Wifi connection in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

This wireless adapter is not supported by linux kernel.

I suggest reporting this to launchpad. In this case there is a chance to get a fix. But you will need to co-operate with testing.

Connect your laptop to internet by wire and run in terminal

ubuntu-bug linux

and follow the instructions.

You can also post a link to your question here for reference.


java does not exist but java version is thrown up

jstock is doing something dumb there and looking for java in /bin/java which is not where it would be located on almost any system, Ubuntu included. Here is a quick workaround:

First find out where Java really is:

which java

On my system this is /usr/bin/java which makes sense. Next we create a symbolic link to make /bin/java point to /usr/bin/java

ln -s /usr/bin/java /bin/java

Now jstock should be able to find Java.


Copy share a file between Xubuntu Virtual Machine and Windows 8.1 host in VirtalBox WITHOUT Guest add-ons

If you want to transfer files without any difficult setup, install ssh-server on your xubuntu and use an sFTP client (e.g. FileZilla) on your windows to drag and pull files.

You can also use putty's pscp if you prefer command line

You can set up SAMBA shares on your Xubuntu, but this requires some additional software and configuration.
You can set up NFS shares on your Xubuntu as well, as Windows 8 comes standard with NFS utils.
You can use Teamviewer ...
You can use join.me ...
You can use Skype ...
You can use so many different tools :)

The easiest way I believe however, is using FileZilla over SSH.
If you have specific questions about a certain tool, please reply or have a look around on askubuntu.com. Many of them have been covered already.


How to convert Video to Mp3 in Ubuntu 12.04?

Open vlc media player. Then file - convert/save and select the video file you need. Then add the destination (should be example.mp3 file). Choose the profile: audio - mp3 so you save only the sound of the video. Good luck.


Network issue after clean install of Ubuntu Server & choosing DHCP

Try to add the DHCP address manually with the following command:

sudo dhclient -v enp1s0

If the DHCP client returns a valid IP address from the DHCP server, you can add the following lines to the /etc/network/interfaces file:

auto enp1s0
iface enp1s0 inet dhcp


It all depends on with which user you're trying to log in. The global /etc/profile file is loaded for every user, while the ~/.profile is only loaded for the user.

~ points to the current user's home directory. So, if you would put it in /home/user-a/.profile and login as user-a, both global and its user-specific file are loaded (in that order), whereas if you would login as user-b without a .profile file, it only loads the global one.


How can I change Unity's super-t binding to something else?

In the Compiz Config open the Unity Plugin page, change the "Key to show the launcher" to anything other than just Super. Mine is Alt+Super.

This will alter all Unity shortcuts.
So opening the first program in your launcher is no longer Super+1 but Alt+Super+1.

They should really have a configuration panel for Unity shortcuts.


I got mine to show up as an alsa device w/11.10 on a Dell inspiron 1525 (pretty much stock) with the following protocol:

Follow the Mediabunto repository instructions:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Medibuntu

Specifically, use this command:

sudo wget --output-document=/etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu.list http://www.medibuntu.org/sources.list.d/$(lsb_release -cs).list && sudo apt-get --quiet update && sudo apt-get --yes --quiet --allow-unauthenticated install medibuntu-keyring && sudo apt-get --quiet update

once that's completed execute the following commands:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get upgrade (say yes, this will update your system, may take a bit)

sudo apt-get install alsa-firmware-loaders alsa-firmware

At this point, plug in the US-122 and it should be detected by the system and the drivers loaded.

You know it worked right when you execute:

cat /proc/asound/modules

and there is a line in there referring to snd_usb_usx2y

however ymmv, i can address this in Jack (and record to Rosegarden fine) but when using alsamixer and selecting the Tascam device, it claims there are no settings available.


Urgent help: system doesnt boot after selecting xorg drivers in additional drivers

Just run

sudo apt-get install nvidia-353

Then reboot, Nvidia driver will be back.


bash send output from command to variable

Here ./testzenity: ligne 10: ls-al : commande introuvable it saying. No command like ls-la. it is ls -la.

Hope it helps


Will a playonlinux installation affect my current (working) WoW with wine installation?

No. It will not affect your WOW installation because Playonlinux creates it's own "virtual" disks (folders) into your home folder.

You can tell that it is indepedent although it's using wine.   :)


PUA stands for potentially unwanted application. Clamtk is able to detect them -see the options. The packer stands for a code that is extracting the main code during the run.

If you are unsure about the binary file, you can upload it to virustotal.com to see what other antivirus engines are saying.


black line across top of display in virtualbox guest

It looks like it's the Panel's shadow.
Just make sure your panel is not "transparent":

Launch the CompizConfig Settings Manager, go to the Ubuntu Unity Plugin, on the Experimental tab there are two Panel Opacity options you can tweak.


If the windows version you are running is Windows 10, the problem is most likely due to Windows 10's fastboot feature. To increase boot speeds, windows does not unmount any hard drives it uses when you shut it down. Because the windows drive is still mounted by windows, it will not allow any other operating system to write to it (you could still read data on the drive, but not modify it). To get around this, you need to boot back into windows and force it to do a "full" shutdown by shift-clicking the power icon on the start menu. Follow this guide for more specific instructions:

https://www.isumsoft.com/windows-10/2-ways-to-perform-a-full-shutdown.html

Once that is done, you should be able to format the drive through Ubuntu (or any other operating system you choose) without issue.


Bash script to keep running command until a certain condition - ffmpeg

Really dont do this -- you damage the quality each time.

Try an ffmpeg command like this:

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v libx265 -crf 30 -c:a copy output.mp4

So (in this example) I use the h265 codec for video and set a factor of 30. A smaller number will give a larger file with better quality and a higher number a smaller file and poorer quality. The audio is just copied. I don't know whats in your source file, but usually the biggest saving come from re compressing the video


HDMI not detected on Asus Tuf fx505 GTX 1660T

Found solution here: https://forums.developer.nvidia.com/t/nvidia-xconfig-doesnt-do-what-i-want-it-to-nor-does-nvidia-settings/107883/7

Main steps:

delete /etc/X11/xorg.conf
modify /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-amdgpu.conf

Driver "amdgpu" -> Driver "modesetting"

inside /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-nvidia.conf add

Option "PrimaryGPU" "Yes"

create two files optimus.desktop in  /etc/xdg/autostart/ and /usr/share/gdm/greeter/autostart/  with content:

optimus.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=Optimus
Exec=sh -c "xrandr --setprovideroutputsource modesetting NVIDIA-0; xrandr --auto"
NoDisplay=true
X-GNOME-Autostart-Phase=DisplayServer

After, function can be checked in terminal:

__NV_PRIME_RENDER_OFFLOAD=1 __GLX_VENDOR_LIBRARY_NAME=nvidia glxinfo | grep vendor

The output should be something with Nvidia

It works for me.


How to list all installed/activated Apache modules on a server

apache2ctl -M

will do the job and it's equivalent with:

apache2ctl -t -D DUMP_MODULES

You can see also apache2ctl -h.


Any answers are unnecessary - the question writer said he has solved his problem, typing the $ by accident.


Considering the information provided:

The problem is in a VM
The error shows "No medium found"

Can you confirm that you attached the CDROM to the VM?

Some links which details about "attach external media to a VM"

https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc917924.aspx
https://www.vmware.com/support/ws5/doc/ws_disk_add_cd_dvd.html


Why doesn't "apt-get autoremove" remove all installed dependencies?

Note: sudo apt-get autoremove <package1> [<package2>, ...] = sudo apt-get remove --autoremove <package1> [<package2>, ...]

Meeting the dependencies for libav-tools and ubuntu-restricted-extras required to update (and not to install) most of the packages listed by sudo apt-get install libav-tools ubuntu-restricted-extras to a new version.

From the apt-get man page for Trusy:

[...]
       install
[...]
           This is also the target to use if you want to upgrade one or more
           already-installed packages without upgrading every package you have
           on your system. Unlike the "upgrade" target, which installs the
           newest version of all currently installed packages, "install" will
           install the newest version of only the package(s) specified. Simply
           provide the name of the package(s) you wish to upgrade, and if a
           newer version is available, it (and its dependencies, as described
           above) will be downloaded and installed.
[...]

This is logic, since if a package depends on a later version of an already installed package, in order to run former the latter must be updated.

The result is that if any of those already installed packages was required by any package prior to the installation of libav-tools and ubuntu-restricted-extras, it's not going to be autoremoved.

You can check this by running apt-cache rdepends <package> on each of the packages mistakenly expected to be autoremoved: each of them will be required by at least one package not going to be autoremoved.


Your main partitions for Windows and Ubuntu look fine, but I would make your swap a bit more. Swap partitions should be >= the amount of physical RAM you have installed. If you want to resize your partitions, I recommend using a GParted Live CD.

You can download the .iso for GParted here. Then, burn it to a DVD, and boot into GParted.


So I finally managed to recover by doing the following

mv ~/.config/dconf/user ~/.config/dconf/user.old

This makes me loose all my settings, but at least I can log in and now I can attempt at recovering at least some of the settings from the user.old file.


16.04 NFS Mount Errors with "mount.nfs: NFS URLs are not supported"

Hi Alw,
try the address without the nfs:// ..

It should be like this:

[/etc/fstab]
ip_address:/path/to/remote/nfs/share /local/mount/point nfs options 0 0

options - i use noauto, rw (but feel free to use whatever you'd like)

Let me know, if it helped.
Cheers


How do I set a variable to a command's output in csh?

In order to set variable in csh you need to use set (more info)
As mentioned by @muru comment - The original Bourne shell, csh or tcsh all do not support $() and require ` ` for command substitution.

Combine the above two and you'll get:

% set WIDTH=`grep int_width *.txt | sed "s,[^0-9]*,," `
% echo $WIDTH
5230


How do I restore my mouse sensitivity/acceleration settings to their defaults

In Ubuntu 12.10 per-user mouse settings (and others too) are managed by settings daemon, and their configuration is stored in dconf database. To restore the default settings you want to set the values new users have on those fields = -1 (or resetting them).

Steps to set default per-user settings, using dconf-editor (low-level graphical tool):

Launch dconf-editor. If not installed, install using sudo apt-get install dconf-editor.
Browse/choose directory (on the left side) to /org/gnome/settings-daemon/peripherals/mouse.
Change values of motion-acceleration and motion-trheshold to -1.

Steps to set default per-user settings, using dconf (low-level terminal/console tool):

Check if it's there (run dconf help). If not, install using sudo apt-get install dconf.
Run in terminal dconf reset /org/gnome/settings-daemon/peripherals/mouse/motion-acceleration
Run in terminal dconf reset /org/gnome/settings-daemon/peripherals/mouse/motion-threshold

Steps to set default per-user settings, using gsettings (high-level terminal/console tool):

Check if it's there (run gsettings help). If not, install using sudo apt-get install libglib2.0-bin.
Run in terminal gsettings reset org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse motion-acceleration
Run in terminal gsettings reset org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse motion-threshold


Yes you can do it. Go to the below website
More info: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot


It's several different questions.

Your uri is not escaped so [1][2][2]+ messages means & treated as background execution, you need to quote uri with ""
You use -s which means silent, so error messages are suppressed.  Please remove -s and see what error curl encountered, solve them, and then you add back jq command.
If your problem is essentially artifactory usage, you can add artifactory to your title.


Whatever protocols you have selected for negotiation on your end are being denied by the public server on the pptp vpn.
You should contact the VPN provider on this one for the proper client side configurations as it's possible they changed their accepted negotiation protocols.  At this point only the provider can assist you with fixing this.


This is a security feature. If your administrator (or 'root') account didn't have a password, it would be ridiculously easy for a virus or other malicious program to cause a lot of trouble. So, really, you shouldn't try to disable it.

If you're doing a lot of stuff using sudo in one terminal, you can always use sudo su - to go into administrator mode in that terminal, and then omit sudo in that session.


how to change "Line In" microphone from mono to stero

I found the solution, the problem was in my ipc_key:

pcm.dev0{
    type hw
    card 0
    device 0

}
ctl.dev0{
    type hw
    card 0
}

pcm.dmix0 {
    type dmix
    ipc_key 321400  # any unique value
    ipc_key_add_uid 1    # add current uid to unique IPC key
    ipc_perm 0666
    slave{
        pcm dev0
        format S16_LE
        rate 16000
        period_time 0
        channels 2
        period_size 320  # must be power of 2
        buffer_size 10240  # ditto
    }
    bindings {
        0 0
    }
}
pcm.dmix1 {
    type dmix
    ipc_key 321400  # any unique value
    ipc_key_add_uid 1    # add current uid to unique IPC key
    ipc_perm 0666
    slave{
        pcm dev0
        format S16_LE
        rate 16000
        period_time 0
        channels 2
        period_size 320  # must be power of 2
        buffer_size 10240  # ditto
    }
    bindings {
        1 1
    }
}

pcm.dsnoop0 {
    type dsnoop     # Direct snoop
    ipc_key 321400     # unique IPC key
    ipc_perm 0666
    slave{
        pcm dev0
        format S16_LE
        rate 16000
        period_time 0
        channels 2
        period_size 320  # must be power of 2
        buffer_size 10240  # ditto
    }
    bindings.0 0
}

pcm.dsnoop1 {
    type dsnoop     # Direct snoop
    ipc_key 321400     # unique IPC key

    ipc_perm 0666
    slave{
        pcm dev0
        format S16_LE
        rate 16000
        period_time 0
        channels 2
        period_size 320  # must be power of 2
        buffer_size 10240  # ditto
    }
    bindings.0 1
}

pcm.duplex0 {
    type asym
    playback.pcm dmix0
    capture.pcm dsnoop0
    #bindings.0 0

}

pcm.duplex1 {
    type asym
    playback.pcm dmix1
    capture.pcm dsnoop1

}

pcm.plug0 {
    type plug
    slave.pcm "duplex0"
}

pcm.plug1 {
    type plug
    slave.pcm "duplex1"
}


Ubuntu 14.04 Can't change desktop background and no files are visible on the desktop

As @christian commented, you can use this command:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons true


How to solve this ubuntu screen problem?

I think it has something to do with graphics driver, have you tried updating your pc? try apt-get update && apt-get upgrade to update and upgrade


Xfce session will not login from login prompt. Why?

For me the only way I can get into Xfce UI is this:

Ctrl+Alt+F1 and login as you (i.e using your username).
rm ~/.Xauthority
Ctrl+Alt+F7 (change to the current X-server tty) and login.

I have to do this EVERY time I reboot. It sucks! I would really appreciate if somebody could find a proper way to fix this.


gnome-panel will not start after running purge command

Go to paquet sources and search for ubuntu desktop. Reeinstall Ubuntu Desktop and it should work.


HP Pavillon 15-ec1xxx Ubuntu 20.04 LTS installation problem

You'll need to disable Secure Boot. These instructions from HP might help you.


Can I delete /var/tmp/mkinitramfs-* files?

Generally, you can delete any file in /tmp and /var/tmp without breaking the system. The worst case scenario is that it's a file needed by an open app, but that doesn't seem to be the case.

Regarding those files related to mkinitramfs, I would say that it's safe to prune them. See also this Debian bug: #818345 -
 tmp file is left under /var/tmp if mkinitramfs fails. Basically those files should be purged after the process that created them is over, but for some reason they are not.

I am not sure if you are affected by that bug specifically, but the point is that those files are needed by mkinitramfs while the process is ongoing. After the process is over, you don't need them anymore. Also, as usual with temporary files, they will be recreated in subsequent runs of the same process if necessary.

  I hope you can point out to me some references on the role of those mkinitramfs_* folders and how to use tmpreaper app or other tools to automatically delete old temporary files.

I don't have experience with tmpreaper, but you could use a cron job to delete those files periodically. See:

Auto delete files older than 7 days


my local cisco devices to backup on my local lappy as tftp server in Ubuntu 16.04

Try this

 sudo apt install tftpd-hpa

create directory /tftp

 sudo mkdir /tftp
 sudo chmod 777 /tftp

then edit /etc/default/tftpd-hpa to like above

vi /etc/default/tftpd-hpa

TFTP_USERNAME="tftp"
TFTP_DIRECTORY="/tftp"
TFTP_ADDRESS="0.0.0.0:69"
TFTP_OPTIONS="--secure -c"

Then restart service

sudo service tftpd-hpa restart

Allow access in UFW

sudo ufw allow 69

After that you can go to cisco and copy config to tftp


How do I access horizon for openstack from host on same networks as server LAN address

'echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf'


How to add windows on Ubuntu bootmanager?

On Ubuntu,
Try run sudo update-grub in terminal.
On next boot, you can find installed OS.

You can also try software called 'grub-customzer'.
More details about Grub Customizer is here : https://launchpad.net/grub-customizer


Error Message using: sudo apt-get update command

First try to reboot and it should get fixed, if it doesn't and you're sure that their are no other running apt processes then run following commands, these commands might hurt something that they shouldn't. (you've been warned)

You can delete the lock file with the following command:

sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/lock

You may also need to delete the lock file in the cache directory

sudo rm /var/cache/apt/archives/lock
sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock

After that, try updating again

sudo apt-get update


Can I reuse Linux Mint bootable USB install on another machine

A USB drive is very flexible and can be re-used in several ways.

You can use (re-use) a live USB drive many times and in many computers in order to 'Try Ubuntu' or some other Linux distro and to install the operating system to internal drives.

You can overwrite your live USB drive in order to create a new live system with a system from another iso file, for example an Ubuntu iso file.

If you want to re-use a live USB drive as a standard storage device, you can re-format it. You might succeed with several tools, but some tools are confused by the partition table and file system of the live drive. In that case it can help to use mkusb in order to 'restore the drive to a standard storage device'.
See this link: help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/FromUSBStick/post


You can change the highlight color of grep by using an environment variable, GREP_COLORS, which you can set like this:

export GREP_COLORS='ms=01;31'

Numeric options

The numbers can style text, change the foreground color or the background color, or change fonts.

The starting conditions for all GREP_COLORS options are the terminal's default text style, font, and colors. Resetting any of these will revert to the terminal's defaults, not any of grep's defaults.

Legend

ᴀ;ʙ;… — ; separates numeric options that you want to combine (e.g., bold yellow-on-black text combines options 1, 33, and 40 into 1;33;40)
+ᴇꜰꜰᴇᴄᴛ — ᴇꜰꜰᴇᴄᴛ gets turned on when you use that numeric option
-ᴇꜰꜰᴇᴄᴛ — ᴇꜰꜰᴇᴄᴛ gets turned off when you use that numeric option
color, green, cyan, and grey — in the "Text styling" section, these refer to the foreground color
colors — in the "Text styling" section, this refers to both the foreground color and the background color
this color — in the "Foreground colors" section, this refers to the foreground color; in the "Background colors" section, this refers to the background color

Text styling

An empty string or 0 resets all text styling and resets both colors to the defaults but does not reset the font to the default.

┏━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ ### ┃ GNOME Terminal          ┃ xterm                   ┃ non-GUI TTY           ┃
┡━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│     │ «reset style+colors»    │ «reset style+colors»    │ «reset style+colors»  │
│   0 │ «reset style+colors»    │ «reset style+colors»    │ «reset style+colors»  │
├─────┼─────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┼───────────────────────┤
│   1 │ +bold, +brighter color  │ +bold, +brighter color  │ +brighter color,      │
│     │                         │                         │   -forced grey        │
│   2 │ +fainter color          │ +fainter color          │ +forced grey          │
│   3 │ +italic                 │ +italic                 │ +forced green         │
│     │                         │                         │   ● overrides 2 and 4 │
│   4 │ +underline              │ +underline              │ +forced cyan          │
│     │                         │                         │   ● overrides 2       │
│   5 │ «no effect»             │ +blink                  │ «no effect»           │
│   7 │ +invert colors          │ +invert colors          │ +invert colors        │
│   8 │ +invisible              │ +invisible              │ «no effect»           │
│     │                         │   ● underline appears   │                       │
│   9 │ +strikethrough          │ +strikethrough          │ «no effect»           │
├─────┼─────────────────────────┤                         ├───────────────────────┤
│  21 │ -bold, -brighter color, │ +double underline       │ -brighter color,      │
│     │   -fainter color        ├─────────────────────────┤   -forced grey        │
│  22 │ -bold, -brighter color, │ -bold, -brighter color, │ -brighter color,      │
│     │   -fainter color        │   -fainter color        │   -forced grey        │
│  23 │ -italic                 │ -italic                 │ -forced green         │
│  24 │ -underline              │ -underline,             │ -forced cyan          │
│     │                         │   -double underline     │                       │
│  25 │ «no effect»             │ -blink                  │ «no effect»           │
│  27 │ -invert colors          │ -invert colors          │ -invert colors        │
│  28 │ -invisible              │ -invisible              │ «no effect»           │
│  29 │ -strikethrough          │ -strikethrough          │ «no effect»           │
└─────┴─────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────┴───────────────────────┘

Foreground colors

┏━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ ### ┃ GNOME Terminal          ┃ xterm                   ┃ non-GUI TTY           ┃
┡━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│  39 │ «reset this color»      │ «reset this color»      │ «reset this color»    │
├─────┼─────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┼───────────────────────┤
│  30 │ very dark grey          │ black                   │ black                 │
│  31 │ dull red                │ red                     │ light red             │
│  32 │ dull green              │ light green             │ light green           │
│  33 │ dull yellow             │ yellow                  │ yellow                │
│  34 │ greyish blue            │ dark blue               │ sky blue              │
│  35 │ dull purple             │ purple                  │ purple                │
│  36 │ teal                    │ cyan                    │ cyan                  │
│  37 │ light grey              │ light grey              │ light grey            │
├─────┼─────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┼───────────────────────┤
│  90 │ dark grey               │ dull grey               │ dull grey             │
│  91 │ red                     │ bright red              │ bright red            │
│  92 │ lime green              │ bright green            │ bright green          │
│  93 │ yellow                  │ bright yellow           │ pure yellow           │
│  94 │ light greyish blue      │ dull blue               │ deep blue             │
│  95 │ light purple            │ magenta                 │ magenta               │
│  96 │ cyan                    │ bright cyan             │ bright cyan           │
│  97 │ off white               │ white                   │ white                 │
├─────┴──────┬──────────────────┴─────────────────────────┴───────────────────────┤
│ 38;2;ʀ;ɢ;ʙ │ replace ʀ, ɢ, and ʙ with RGB values from 0 to 255                  │
│            │   for closest supported color (non-GUI TTY has only 16 colors!)    │
│ 38;5;ɴ     │ replace ɴ with value from 256-color chart below                    │
│            │   for closest supported color (non-GUI TTY has only 16 colors!)    │
└────────────┴────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Background colors

Note that the non-GUI TTY doesn't provide a brighter background color series.

┏━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ ### ┃ GNOME Terminal          ┃ xterm                   ┃ non-GUI TTY           ┃
┡━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│  49 │ «reset this color»      │ «reset this color»      │ «reset this color»    │
├─────┼─────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┼───────────────────────┤
│  40 │ very dark grey          │ black                   │ black                 │
│  41 │ dull red                │ red                     │ light red             │
│  42 │ dull green              │ light green             │ light green           │
│  43 │ dull yellow             │ yellow                  │ yellow                │
│  44 │ greyish blue            │ dark blue               │ sky blue              │
│  45 │ dull purple             │ purple                  │ purple                │
│  46 │ teal                    │ cyan                    │ cyan                  │
│  47 │ light grey              │ light grey              │ light grey            │
├─────┼─────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┼╶╴╶╴╶╴╶╴╶╴╶╴╶╴╶╴╶╴╶╴╶╴╶┤
│ 100 │ dark grey               │ dull grey               │ black                 │
│ 101 │ red                     │ bright red              │ light red             │
│ 102 │ lime green              │ bright green            │ light green           │
│ 103 │ yellow                  │ bright yellow           │ yellow                │
│ 104 │ light greyish blue      │ dull blue               │ sky blue              │
│ 105 │ light purple            │ magenta                 │ purple                │
│ 106 │ cyan                    │ bright cyan             │ cyan                  │
│ 107 │ off white               │ white                   │ light grey            │
├─────┴──────┬──────────────────┴─────────────────────────┴───────────────────────┤
│ 48;2;ʀ;ɢ;ʙ │ replace ʀ, ɢ, and ʙ with RGB values from 0 to 255                  │
│            │   for closest supported color (non-GUI TTY has only 8 colors!)     │
│ 48;5;ɴ     │ replace ɴ with value from 256-color chart below                    │
│            │   for closest supported color (non-GUI TTY has only 8 colors!)     │
└────────────┴────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

256-color chart

  Above chart is a screenshot of content published in "ANSI escape code, 8-bit colors" on Wikipedia, authored by CMG Lee et al. on 24 February 2016 and later, and licensed by the authors under both the CC BY-SA 3.0 copyright license and the GFDL copyright license.

Colors from the 256-color chart above can be used as follows:

38;5;ɴ — replace ɴ with the value of a particular color in the chart above to change the foreground color to the closest color the terminal supports
48;5;ɴ — replace ɴ with the value of a particular color in the chart above to change the background color to the closest color the terminal supports

For example, 38;5;214;48;5;30 will set the foreground to color 214 and the background to color 30, giving an orange-on-teal result on terminals that support it.

Note that not all terminals support all 256 colors, so it's important to realize that the chosen color might not be used. Only the supported color closest to the one chosen will be used.

For example, the non-GUI TTY only supports the basic 16 colors for foreground and the basic 8 colors for background, so the closest colors that end up being used may not be what you expect. As an example, the orange-on-teal selection above (38;5;214;48;5;30) shows as yellow-on-black in the non-GUI TTY, since those are the closest supported colors.

Fonts

10 is the default font. 11 through 20 are potential alternate fonts  (20 usually means a  font in the rare terminals that support it). Only 10 and 12 seem to exist by default in the non-GUI TTY, and none exist in GNOME Terminal or xterm.

grep doesn't properly switch fonts back before exiting, so run reset if you get stuck in an unwanted font after grep returns to the shell.

┏━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ ### ┃ GNOME Terminal          ┃ xterm                   ┃ non-GUI TTY           ┃
┡━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│  10 │ «no effect»             │ «no effect»             │ «reset font»          │
│  11 │ «no effect»             │ «no effect»             │ -messed up font       │
│  12 │ «no effect»             │ «no effect»             │ +messed up font       │
└─────┴─────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────┴───────────────────────┘

  "Numeric options" section sources:
          ● "ANSI escape code, SGR (Select Graphic Rendition) parameters" on Wikipedia
          ● Experimental verification on GNOME Terminal, xterm, and non-GUI-mode TTY on Ubuntu 16.04

The default value of GREP_COLORS is 'ms=01;31:mc=01;31:sl=:cx=:fn=35:ln=32:bn=32:se=36'

The meaning of every element accepted on GREP_COLORS can be checked at GNU.org's manual page.

For completion, and as pointed out by @damadam, you need to add the export to your .bashrc in order to save the changes.

Related:

Multicolored Grep

Use different colors for every another grep


Depending on your version... try this command

sudo apt-get remove VirtualBox-5.1

Find your version by launching the app, then select Help->About. You will get a long version number (eg. 5.1.18r114002). Ignore anything past the second decimal point; in my case it is version "5.1".


Can't boot Ubuntu anymore after attempting upgrade

At the GRUB boot menu you can edit the corresponding entry for your Ubuntu installation and add a kernel parameter fastboot that makes the boot process skip the file checking and possibly avoiding the early stop you are experiencing. Here are the steps:

Select your Ubuntu boot entry and press e to edit it
Select the kernel entry and press e to edit that one too
Add the word fastboot to end of the line and hit Enter
Hit b to boot using the new kernel parameter

Now you should probably gain access to your system again and maybe perform a fsck on your file system causing the trouble. If this is not the problem, try performing the system upgrade again, this time gracefully.

Alternatively, try the solution to this question:

Root filesystem check fails after power failure during installation


Under All Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts you can define them.

When you add a new shortcut, in the upper input box write the name for it (ex. This is an editor), in the input box below enter the command to start the desired program (ex. gedit), then press Apply (I think,  I am not on English locale, sorry...). After that SELECT the newly added row from the list. You will see that Disabled is changing to  New shortcut... Press your desired combination, and you will see it in your list afterwards.


For anyone with a similar issue, check the cable!!!

I had a new VGA cable so never thought it could be faulty because it worked on the previous monitor. But when I switched to a new VGA cable, the issue was gone.

So in my case, it was a faulty cable!


What is the command for a complete update in terminal for Kubuntu?

No, sudo apt-get update just updates the Package Index lists - the lists containing information about which packages and in which versions are available. It does not update any software package, but it is the prerequisite for doing this.

To do the updates that were found by running apt-get update, you need to run:

sudo apt-get upgrade

It will compare the installed package versions with the available versions (from the list you updated with apt-get update) and install the newest versions of all possible packages.

If some packages require the installation or removal of additional packages to get updated (like the kernel for example), you need to run the following command afterwards:

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


Using strace firefox revealed that for some (still unknown) reason Firefox tried to locate the directory /var/cache/${USER}/.kde/mozilla/firefox which did not exist. Creating /var/cache/${USER} with proper ownership and permissions 750 helped.


Failed to start .service: Unit .service not found

If you are using ubuntu 16.04 or newer you may want to review the doc of systemd about creating service files

The script is for the old init system and is managed by a legacy compatibility layer.


How to make create_ap logs go to /var/log/create_ap.log?

Destination of pipes and redirections aren't affected if the source part has sudo or not. It's like two different commands.
To solve that, you can encapsulate the whole command into an elevated shell:
sudo sh -c "create_ap wlp3s0 eno1 'p455w0rD' >> /var/log/create_ap.log"


Using Software Updates, Updates fail each time

I just moved the /usr/share/doc/libdrm2/changelog.Debian.gz file out of the way and the upgrade worked without problems.

....
Setting up libdrm2:amd64 (2.4.39-0ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin ...
ldconfig deferred processing now taking place
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-18-generic


How to install latest node inside a docker container

OK got it,

# update
apt-get update
# install curl
apt-get install curl
# get install script and pass it to execute:
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_4.x | bash
# and install node
apt-get install nodejs
# confirm that it was successful
node -v
# npm installs automatically
npm -v

Use curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_5.x | bash for node 5.x

Replace 5 by your desired node version e.g. 8, 12, etc.


Where does `bashrc` run under during the boot process

The .bashrc file is not executed and will not show up as a process.  Since it is a file, you can use tools to detect reads and writes.

When your shell (e.g. bash) starts up, it 'sources' files.  This means that it opens and reads the file, and runs any commands in the file.  The shell process itself does this, and as you're likely aware, this allows you to set up different environment variables, aliases, functions, etc.

There are other, similar files. .profile, .bash_profile and .bashrc all having slight technical differences, but similar functionality.  You can see this great explanation and example of .bash_profile vs .bashrc.  There are usually user-specific files in each user's home directory, and system configs in /etc/, such as /etc/bash.bashrc.

So, .bashrc is never executed, but instead sourced each time you start a new shell terminal spawns, or whenever you manually source the file: source ~/.bashrc.


How do i take a disk image of Ubuntu 16.04 on a NAS

Here you have great portion of information about backups:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BackupYourSystem


Navigatrix is an OS, so to use it with Ubuntu I recommend you install it as virtual machine using VirtualBox


Do I need to have antivirus software installed?

There are viruses for most all platforms (the first worm was for DEC VAX) , they are just more common on Windows.  Different platforms are more secure than others, but a virus can typically gain user level security, which is often good enough, on most platforms.  You can actually run Windows without a virus scanner if you keep it patched and are really careful.

Differences from Windows to Linux for viruses: On Linux it is harder for the virus to get root (or system) level access.  But it could probably still access your address book or saved passwords in Firefox (user level access).

Strategy: If you are really careful and know what you are doing you can get away without a scanner.  A good strategy is to have your scanner just scan downloads or if you are bringing a file from another computer on a USB drive or floppy disk (assuming you have one).  If you want you can have it do regular full system scans too.  It is all about how paranoid you are, and how likely you are to get a virus.

For your laptop I would suggest only having the scanner scan downloads and when you are brining files from another computer.  Having it do full system scans can be a battery drain.

A very important element of a virus scanner is having it updated with new signatures, so pick the package that has the best signature updates, and that works best for how you want to use it.


There are a variety of things to try ...

EDIT:
... including voting with your feet.

System76' Pop!_OS is an Ubuntu Variant that I recommend you use instead of Ubuntu. I installed it on my Acer nitro AN515-15 two weeks ago;  it installed on that laptop with less problems than any Linux distro I have ever installed on any machine, including a desktop purpose-built for Linux. The gpu switcher, which they - tellingly - wrote themselves, - works.  Pop_OS is the only Linux distro I'm aware of that has two variants where one is built assuming that you run a modern and supported NVidia card, and one that does not.  Ubuntu has made it increasingly difficult to use NVidia deb installers over the past 18-24 months, to where it's currently impossible to do so successfully in 18.04 in a plug-and-play manner.

You should carefully research the terms nvidia-prime, optimus, and bumblebee.  The first two of those items are nvidia software / driver technologies for dealing with switching between GPU and low-power / on-chip graphics, the last one is the open source version for same.  None of them have a stellar history.  Be sure to check the release date on bumblebee.
If you want to use ubuntu for anything having to do with graphics, then familiarize yourself with the ppa system on launchpad.com.  Many of them are very good, but they are volunteers and overtaxed as it is.  If you came here to learn something and make it so  your laptop plays games better, you should consider contacting the "proprietary GPU drivers" ppa team and find out how the sausage is made by grinding some yourself at [https://launchpad.net][1].
An important thing to try is asking your question at the nvidia.com forums in parallel with asking it here. And if you get a good answer, report it back here to the community.   For sure, the NVidia driver packages are better at detecting and installing appropriate open-source drivers (libGLU, mesa, etc) than are open-source packages at detecting and installing the more exotic NVidia software (e.g. Cuda).

To make the best choice you must determine your primary use case.  Is it graphics (and if so, paint-y stuff or hardcore rendering?), scientific computing, ML and AI or their frameworks, developing indie games, mainly playing games, want to contribute in the meritocracy / do-ocracy of free-and-open software, or are you just "Linux Curious"?

If you are new to Linux and eager to use your NVidia GPU for cool stuff (especially CUDA, Deep Learning, and the like), don't change your config based on advice unless you are sure it's been tested on a platform like yours by someone who is doing the things you want to do the way you want to do them, and getting the results you want to get.

Full disclosure: I am a former Ubuntu user, and the only reason I'm on this board is because I'm trying Pop!OS.  Being a heavy CUDA user, on the advice of colleagues I switched from Ubuntu to RHEL, the latter of which accommodates NVidia's driver packages. My experience was that starting out in 16.04 (Xenial) I had the choice to use NVidia's packaging of their own drivers, but with various kernel updates that became increasingly difficult.  This trend has continued through 18.04 Ubuntu, where it's virtually impossible to install Nvidia-supplied deb files.  The ubuntu debs are OK for graphics but a total non-starter for CUDA.


Why does my computer (almost) randomly power off? (GPU Kernel Panics?)

Ok, so I went to the AMD site to see if your drivers are correct, as AMD does release drivers for/supports Ubuntu. It seems like your graphics driver is not acting right, I am not sure if the open-source driver is working or not, but that could be why your computer is shutting down.

From:

http://support.amd.com/en-us/download

You would choose Desktop Graphics, Radeon HD Series, Radeon HD 7xxx Series PCIe *(NOTE), Linux x86_64 as the options.

*If you have it installed in an AGP slot it looks like it is not supported directly off of site.

The autodetect does not look like it is available for linux, so you will need to know what to select. Since your driver is for the gigabyte version of the amd radeon HD 7970, you should be able to use the drivers (I am guessing this is the correct video card?). If you don't want to do guess work.

check this link out:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/AMD

It has instructions on how to: install additional drivers, and set up Catalyst for non open source (proprietary) drivers.

I hope this will help you.


What should I do to get Ubuntu dual-boot with Windows 10 on this Toshiba laptop?

Some observations from your Boot Repair output:

There are three sets of efibootmgr outputs, at 607-626, 1094-1109, and 1142-1157. It looks as if your system started up with the Ubuntu entries present but not listed in the boot order and Boot Repair tried to set one of these (Boot0004) as the default boot entry, but presumably that failed. This suggests a bug in either your EFI or in efibootmgr.
There are a number of efibootmgr errors that read efibootmgr: Could not delete boot variable: No such file or directory. This also suggests a bug in either your firmware or in efibootmgr.
There are a lot of duplicate NVRAM entries shown by efibootmgr, especially in its first run, which has duplicate entries for both Windows and Ubuntu. This suggests EFI bugs rather than efibootmgr bugs, since presumably something in Windows created multiple entries for some reason (which it might have done if it thought its entries were not being created).

Overall, this looks like buggy firmware to me. You can check with your manufacturer to see if an update is available. If so, install it and try Boot Repair again. If that fails, you may still be able to work around it. First, try Windows. There are two things you might attempt:

Download EasyUEFI and use it to adjust the boot order. This tool is pretty easy to use; just move the "Ubuntu" entry to the top of the list. If there are multiple entries, move one that refers to shimx64.efi, not one that refers to grubx64.efi.
Open an Administrator Command Prompt window (not the newer shell in Windows 10; the older classic Command Prompt) and type bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi.

If these procedures both fail, you could try using an EFI shell and its bcfg command, as described here. Note, however, that you'll need to disable Secure Boot to get the EFI shell to launch, and you'll need to copy the shell program to a USB flash drive as EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi, then boot that drive.

If all of this fails, I recommend you return the computer for a refund, on the grounds that its firmware is badly defective. If you do this, be sure to write to the manufacturer to say that you returned the product and why. It's only if manufacturers feel the pain of returns that they'll be motivated to fix their defective firmware. Dell, ASUS, Lenovo, and Apple deliver fairly usable EFIs. Sony and HP seem to be less reliable, judging by problem reports I've seen. I can't comment on other brands.

If you can't return the computer, you can try the Advanced tab of Boot Repair, which includes an option to rename and back up boot loader files. This places GRUB under the name of the Windows boot loader, which is an ugly and unreliable hack of a workaround for an ugly bug. I recommend doing this only as a last resort; it's far better to return a computer with firmware defective enough to need this sort of workaround.


Can't reinstall ubuntu 16.04, getting grub error

Using boot-repair worked for me. Ubuntu is working now. Thank you all.


Ubuntu 19.04: The key is not writable - Drag and Drop issue/Background picture

[SOLVED] I figured it out finally.  Looks like my ~/.config directory permissions got really messed up which cause for me not being able to add to my favorites, etc..

1) sudo chown -R YOUR_USER_NAME ~/.config
2) sudo chmod -R 755 ~/.config

That should fix it only took me two weeks to figure it out so hopefully I was able to help someone out without spending that amount of time.


This is probably an issue with an Intel graphics chip and the nvidia packages someone made libopencv-dev depend on (at least, that was the issue for me).

You need to get a generic version of libopencl1, which can be had in the package ocl-icd-libopencl1. Just run the following:

sudo apt-get install ocl-icd-libopencl1

Then run:
    sudo apt-get autoremove
...which removes the packages that libopencv-dev depends on but which are now satisfied by the generic package you just installed.

If you rebooted before installing ocl-icd-libopencl1 and after installing libopencv-dev, your desktop is probably still messed up. If you see a blank black screen with your mouse pointer on it after following the steps above, re-install ubuntu-desktop and unity and reboot. Then, if you see a graphical desktop without Unity running, you will need to install the Compiz config tool:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-plugins-extra

Reboot once again, then when you get to your Unity-free desktop, hit Ctrl-t to open a terminal and run:

ccsm

This will start the Compiz settings manager. Find the Unity plugin button, click it, and re-enable it by checking the check box on the left. Voila! Unity lives again.

This is recorded at my blog. Hopefully the launchpad bug report on this fixes the issue, but if you get the time, you may run over there and make sure they know it effected you too.


How to remove all traces of curl installed using libcurl package (.tar.gz)

inside curl directory where you made sudo make install just do sudo make uninstall


Probably your hardware clock is in UTC. And maybe your system is in CET.
Therefore when you boot your computer, the first log entries will be in UTC.


No root file system is defined - iso file that skipps some installation steps

I found a solution, the ssd I have is NVME so I had to change one file in the bootable usb:
KS.PRESSED
Within this file the following image is specified
KS.PRESSED
In the partitions section replace /dev/sda with /dev /nvme0n1
This change is made because hi-fi disks, like m2, the interfaces are not identified as the an hdd (Mechanical) or ssd


How can I know the source ppa of an installed package?

In addition to those answers running apt-cache madison <package-name> from a terminal may shed more light

hob@hobgoblin:~$ apt-cache madison clementine
clementine | 1.0.1-554-geded1da~precise | http://ppa.launchpad.net/me-davidsansome/clementine-dev/ubuntu/ precise/main amd64 Packages
clementine | 1.0.1+dfsg-2ubuntu1 | http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe amd64 Packages
clementine | 1.0.1+dfsg-2ubuntu1 | http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe Sources
clementine | 1.0.1-554-geded1da~precise | http://ppa.launchpad.net/me-davidsansome/clementine-dev/ubuntu/ precise/main Sources


SQLSTATE[HY000] [1045] Access denied for user

This is because you did not grant access to that specific user on localhost.  To remedy this, use this:

Enter MySQL (watch out: root here is the MySQL root, NOT the ubuntu root - you could also use other users having sufficient access level):

$ mysql --user=root --password=root_password homestead

In MySQL, grant access like this (in this case, create the user 'homestead'@'localhost' and give him select privileges on everything from DB homestead):

CREATE USER 'homestead'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'secret';
GRANT SELECT PRIVILEGES ON homestead.* to 'homestead'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'secret';

Refer to the MySQL manual for more info on other options.

This being said, you might preferably post such questions on other sites dedicated to DB administration.


Where is desktop wallpape for Lubuntu 20.04.02?

Wallpaper advice can be found in the Lubuntu manual

https://manual.lubuntu.me/stable/3/3.2/3.2.5/desktop.html?highlight=wallpaper
https://manual.lubuntu.me/stable/3/3.2/3.2.2/appearance.html?highlight=wallpaper

The included wallpapers are found in /usr/share/lubuntu/wallpapers/


Run the command:

sudo apt-get install libxext6

To be sure, run the command:

$ apt-cache policy libxext6

libxext6:
  Installed: 2:1.3.0-3ubuntu0.2
  Candidate: 2:1.3.0-3ubuntu0.2

Note the version.

Take a look on launchpad of libxext package in Ubuntu

  libxext-dev: X11 miscellaneous extensions library (development
  headers)

  libxext-doc: X11 miscellaneous extensions library (documentation)

  libxext6: X11 miscellaneous extension library

  libxext6-dbg: X11 miscellaneous extensions library (debug package)

  libxext6-udeb: X11 miscellaneous extension library

And I suppose it should be already installed in your Ubuntu


How do I subset and copy directories using a csv?

Assuming:

The CSV file has a single column
There is one folder name per line
The first line is header and should be ignored

Then a loop like this should work:

tail -n +2 file.csv | while read dirname; do cp -r "$dirname" /path/to/target/; done

Notes:

tail -n +2 is to skip the first line of the file (output 2nd and later lines)
The while loop reads folder names line by line, and for each line executes cp -r


cannot start system because of plymouthd error

Using the sudo command, especially from a Live CD can do serious damage to your system. When pasting into the Terminal, use Ctrl+Shift+V, NOT Ctrl+V.

Mount the partition your Ubuntu Installation is on. If you are not sure which it is, launch GParted (included in the Live CD) and find out. It is usually a EXT4 Partition. Replace the XY with the drive letter, and partition number, for example: sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt.

sudo mount /dev/sdXY /mnt

Now bind the directories that grub needs access to to detect other operating systems, like so.

sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount --bind /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts
sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys

Now we jump into that using chroot.

sudo chroot /mnt

Now install, check, and update grub.

This time you only need to add the drive letter (usually a) to replace X, for example: grub-install /dev/sda, grub-install –recheck /dev/sda.

grub-install /dev/sdX

grub-install --recheck /dev/sdX

update-grub

Now grub is back, all that is left is to exit the chrooted system and unmount everything.

exit &&
sudo umount /mnt/sys
sudo umount /mnt/proc
sudo umount /mnt/dev/pts
sudo umount /mnt/dev
sudo umount /mnt

Shut down and turn your computer back on, and you will be met with the default Grub2 screen.

If the above not yet fixed try to add the below parameter to grub.

Start your system and wait for the GRUB menu to show, if you don't see a GRUB menu, press and hold the left Shift key right after starting the system

Now highlight the kernel you want to use, and press the e key. You should be able to see and edit the commands associated with the highlighted kernel.

Go down to the line starting with linux and add your parameter foo=bar to its end.
Now press Ctrl + x to boot.

To make this change permanent:

From a terminal (or after pressing Alt + F2) run:

sudo vim /etc/default/grub

and enter your password.

Add the below line

set gfxpayload=keep

Save the file and close the editor.

Then run

sudo update-grub

to update GRUB's configuration file (you probably need to enter your password).

On the next reboot the kernel should be started with the boot parameter.


Volume too low after connecting Pulseaudio to JACK

I faced the same problem: I've used pactl load-module module-jack-sink; pactl load-module module-jack-source on startup while using QJackCtl to redirect PulseAudio output to Jack, it worked but the sound was quiet.

I've found out that if my volume level was, say, 30% before I've started QJackCtl, it seems to think that this is the max volume it can get, so this volume will be 100%.

So I just turn volume to maximum and started QJackCtl and now sound volume is okay.

Hope this helps.


If you haven't resolved this yet take a look at this post might help. Make a few adjustments, for instance, instead of sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/emacs24.postinst use sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/emacs25.postinst for your case.

Accept if it helps, cheers!


Well, for one the file you linked in the your URL is a .run file not a .sh file.

so if you try to run it using bash there's no guarantees that it'll work.

The only thing you didn't try in your list of attempts is to run it using

./filename, or in this case.

chmod a+x N750-GPL-1.00.42.run
./N750-GPL-1.00.42.run

Also, if you do get an error when you do ./filename.sh.  (I do see that you tried sudo ./filename.sh ) it would be helpful to see what the error might be.


what is the best Google Calender application for unity to alert and notify you with Events?

According to this thread. Mozilla Sunbird with the GCALDaemon is what you're looking for. But I believe development is going to be stopped on sunbird, so maybe Thunderbird with the Lightning calendar addon might be best.


Which external sound cards are supported in 12.04?

hardware is supported by the kernel version and not the version of Ubuntu (although they are obviously related).

Hardware lists are user supported and I would encourage everyone to participate in reporting results of hardware support to the various listings.

See:

http://www.h-node.org/home/index/en

http://www.h-node.org/soundcards/catalogue/en

http://www.ubuntu.com/certification/test-suite/


According to the current Documentation on Tabs, the currently selected tab is now writable and can be used to change the active tab.


insserv: Service localfs has to be enabled to start service vmware-USBArbitrator

Replace localfs with $local_fs like:

# Required-Start: $localfs
# Required-Stop: $localfs

or touch a dummy init script called localfs to work around this


Wake up the system without having to enter a user password on Kubuntu

Get to system settings> Workspace Behaviour (under Workspace)> Screen Locking> uncheck 'Lockscreen: After waking from sleep'
You can also adjust time of inactivity after which screen to lock. If you don't your screen not locked at all uncheck Lockscreen: Automatically after.


Pressing Keys F11 toggles Geany full screen mode.

Source: http://www.geany.org/manual/current/index.html#notebook-tab-keybindings


How do package files .deb files that are installed outside the package tree get put into the normal package tree?

No difference really compared to the packages you install from various repositories.

You can list such packages from Synaptic by selecting Origin -> Local.


If the syntax was correct, export would run your code only once, when your terminal starts and sets the result as an environment variable, which you can call using $waitTillReady.

You need an alias or maybe easier a shell function.

Put this in your .bashrc:

waitTillReady() {
    while pgrep '^(make|gcc|ld)$' &>/dev/null; do
        echo "Still compiling..." && sleep 1
    done && printf "\n%.0s" {1..20} && date
}

Then after next start of your terminal you can use it like it was a command:

waitTillReady; do_something


Is it possible to put the clock on the launcher bar if its at the bottom? The old windows style basically?

You can the Dash to Panel GNOME shell extension.

  This extension moves the dash into the gnome main panel so that the application launchers and system tray are combined into a single panel, similar to that found in KDE Plasma and Windows 7+. A separate dock is no longer needed for easy access to running and favorited applications.

This extension also lets you place the panel at the bottom instead on the top.

Refer to this to learn more about installing and configuring GNOME shell extensions: How do I install and manage GNOME Shell extensions?


How to make my flashdisk write-protected so no one can format it?

If you dont want someone to format your flashdisk then dont give them access to it. Even if your flashdisk has a hardware switch for write protection like SD-Card has, any one can easily use it to turn-off write protection. So your best bet is to keep your flash safe in your drawer and lock the drawer.

I would suggest you get your self some cloud storage and keep you important files there. There are free services available like DropBox.

And just for sake of information, here is a list of flashdrives with physical write protection buttons http://www.fencepost.net/2010/03/usb-flash-drives-with-hardware-write-protection/


where to find home directory when ubuntu installed with wubi

I don't fully understand your question, so I'm afraid my answer will include a bit of irrelevant information.

When you use Wubu, Ubuntu resides in a disk image, which lives as a single file on your Windows partition (c:\ubuntu\disks\root.disk).  Your Ubuntu home folder is there too.  This, by the way, makes all disk access much slower when you've booted Ubuntu through Wubi, compared to a native installation, or at least that's my impression.

When you've actually booted into Ubuntu, you can access the Windows filesystem at /host, which is the only directory structure difference that I can think of.  (When you use a regular Ubuntu installation alongside Windows, in a dual-boot configuration, the Windows filesystem is usually at /media/disk or something similar.)

I haven't played with a Wubi system in a long while, but I find it easy to believe that Wubi creates a symbolic link (or a few) from your Ubuntu home directory to your Windows home folder.  I don't think the entire home directory will be shared -- Ubuntu and Windows use different filesystems that support different features, have different filename restrictions, etc -- but I suppose the Desktop folder might be.


Open ubuntu recovery mode and select boot options on the box then just type on the terminal this line

 sudo dpkg --configure -a


I did a

dmraid -E -r /dev/sda
dmraid -E -r /dev/sdb    <-- ssd

Then installed Linux onto the SSD, and used the 500GB(SDA) for my /home folder. It's not a perfect solution (not using caching), but at least using the SSD to startup super fast etc.

It's a step in the right direction at least!


System > Settings > Appearance > International

Set your time zone and time zone country to the right settings.


command to use on windows openssh to download file from Ubuntu server

you can use Winscp to download files from ubuntu and upload to ubuntu.
you can download winscp from - https://winscp.net/download/WinSCP-5.15.1-Setup.exe


Does apt-get upgrade delete the currently installed packages after installing a more recent one?

Of course it does. All files that are present in the package itself get updated when you update the package. This includes removal of obsolete files.

However, files that got created by the post-installation scripts will not be replaced or removed during a package update, unless it's specified in the pre-/post-installation scripts of the new version. They should get removed when you remove/purge the package later though.

Files created later while using the application (like user data, settings, cache, ...) are not maintained by the package manager though. If you purge a package, its removal scripts could take care of getting rid of those files, but don't necessarily have to. Stuff created in your home directory usually remains untouched.

However, all those installation/removal scripts are made by the package author and can include or miss commands to remove some files, depending on how thorough this person worked.


Add text as a kernel boot parameter.

Explained in detail in this answer to a possible duplicate question "How to disable X at boot time?".


I've searched lots of answers and tried every one I can with no luck.

the sudo apt-get -f install and sudo apt-get install otherpackage all get the same error as above in the end:

I can't install or remove any packages. The solution is simple(It took me one day):

Just download vmlinuz-3.13.0-49-generic.efi.signed file to /boot folder, then run sudo apt-get autoremove

Since then everything is ok. Thanks all for you help and time!


In order to fix broken alternatives link for awk try:

    sudo update-alternatives --set awk /usr/bin/mawk

Verify if it is fix with command:

    awk '{print $0}' /etc/passwd

Redo apt command:

    apt-get dist-upgrade

If this doen't work and directory /etc/alternatives doesn't exists, try:

    sudo mkdir /etc/alternatives
    sudo update-alternatives --all

chose everything to be in 'auto' mode.


Are you on a console or VTY?  Check your logging configuration.  You are seeing log output on the screen.  You can (try to) ignore it as it is only output, not input that nano/vi/vim/mcedit will see.

[ I'm adding this as an Answer as comments are prohibited if you don't have reputation >=50 ]


Getting openconnect vpn to work through gui

Enable the proposed repositories

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/EnableProposed

then you can install

sudo apt-get install network-manager-openconnect network-manager-openconnect-gnome

This will allow you to configure them via the NetworkManager GUI.


How to fix arabic diacritics displaying properly in Zekr

This should be reported as bug to Zekr project.

As I had tried similar experiment before, I expect the developer is trying to make diacritics (harakaat/tashkeel) with different color than letters.

So Zekr prints letters without diacritics on a layer, then diacritics on another layer.

Which may work for some font/rendering-kit combinations but not for all. Diacritics are not in the correct position with respect each letter.
Try remove all fonts from that priority list of quran_fontName put only: Scheherazade or me_quran .


rTorrent/ruTorrent: Bad response from server: (200 [parsererror,getuisettings])

Remove files rTorrent/share/users/USERNAME/settings/uisettings.json and rTorrent/share/settings/uisettings.json.

source: https://github.com/Novik/ruTorrent/issues/974


Try removing sudo, it will likely mess your working dir. The script section is run as root already. Exec line could look like exec $NODE_BIN $SCRIPT_FILE >> $LOG_FILE 2>&1. You can also remove lines with touch and chown.


As an alternative to proprietary antivirus solutions like Symantec AntiVirus (non-free payware) and Avast AntiVirus (non-free freeware), you might consider ClamAV, which is free open source software. You can get it in Ubuntu by installing the clamav package. If you want a GUI for it, you can install clamtk. You can install packages in the Software Center or using apt-get from the command line as others have suggested (as well as other methods).


How Do You Add Mods to your Minecraft on Ubuntu?

I'm not ubuntu native, but I did this on FEDORA 20, should work for all linux:

Download MINECRAFT FORGE UNIVERSAL INSTALLER (.jar) for the version you want (1.7.2 etc.) and run it using java.
There should now be a mods folder in your .minecraft directory. If it isn't there, just make a new folder and call it mods
Put your mods in that folder and run minecraft. There should now be a new profile called forge. Press play and you're done!


Can't watch youtube videos with chromium on ubuntu 13.04 64-bit

The correct answer is here: https://askubuntu.com/a/316722/93826

To solve the issue you have to update the chromium ffmpeg codec to the extra version:

sudo apt-get remove chromium-codecs-ffmpeg

sudo apt-get install chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra


Follow the guide here to sync music, videos, etc. on your iDevice.


Grub won't boot Windows 7 (after BURG was tried)

Update Responding to Comments dated June 03 (quoted below)

  I renamed the burg folder and, after I restarted the PC, I tried to  delete it. But again, NOTHING. It says that the folder is not empty. How can I delete it?

Have you tried sudo rm -r?

Note: Be VERY careful when using this command. If you do not provide the exact name of the directory you wish to delete you can can damange your installation!

  I created another BootInfo Summary. It says that I have    installed Winodws XP on the sdb disk. But I have not installed  WIndows XP or any OS on the sdb disk.

Correct me if you are referring to something else, but I believe you are talking about the excerpt below from your BootInfo summary.

sdb1: __________________________________________________________________________
    File system:       ntfs
    Boot sector type:  Windows XP: NTFS
    Boot sector info:  No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
    Operating System:
    Boot files:

This does not imply that Windows XP is installed. If that was the case you would see information following Operating System: and/or Boot files:. The Windows XP: NTFS above describes the content of the Boot sector of the /dev/sdb1 partition.

In addition to the boot loader found in sector 0 of a hard drive (i.e. the Master Boot Record), each partition can, and usually does, also contain boot loader code. Depending on who is talking about it, this can be referred to as either the Volume Boot Record (VBR, Microsoft or IBM) or the Partition Boot Record (PBR, GRUB).

The VBR/PBR is essentially "raw" binary code in a reserved area at the beginning of the partition. It is not part of the file system and can not be accessed (easily) from within either Windows or Ubuntu.

What you are seeing was probably placed there when the partition was first created and has not been touched since. My advice is to just ignore it.

Update Responding to Comments dated May 31 (quoted below)

  I just had to do an auto startup repair with the Windows 7 DVD and now it's dual booting both Windows 7 and Ubuntu without problems.

I am glad it is working correctly again for you. I did not expect that you would just get a slightly more usable error message from using GRUB's ntldr to load bootmgr, but it sort of makes sense in hindsight. Perhaps that could be a useful problem isolation technique in the future?

  What is the sda2 partition? Why can't I delete it?

Your BootInfo summary shows the following partitions for your 500 GB hard drive, /dev/sda

Partition  Boot  Start Sector    End Sector  # of Sectors  Id System
/dev/sda1    *             63   927,941,469   927,941,407   7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS
/dev/sda2         927,942,654   976,769,023    48,826,370   5 Extended
/dev/sda5         927,942,656   968,957,951    41,015,296  83 Linux
/dev/sda6         968,960,000   976,769,023     7,809,024  82 Linux swap / Solaris

Looking at the last column on the right, you'll see that the content of sda2 is described as Extended. This indicates that sda2 is an extended partition as opposed to a primary partition.

For historical reasons, a hard drive which uses a Master Boot Record (MBR) partition table has only four "slots" in the MBR (sector 0) for partitions. Primary partitions are simply the partitions which are defined in one of the four entries available for partitions in sector 0 of a hard drive.

A consequence of this restriction is that a hard drive can only be partitioned using four or less primary partitions. If you need to have more partitions than just the four which can fit into the MBR then a "trick" is used. The disk is partitioned as three primary partitions plus a special primary partition which is referred to as an extended partition.

Think of the extended partition as a (primary) partition where the space in the partition  is sub-divided into other partitions rather than using it all for a single file system (such as ext4 or NTFS). The partitions inside an extended partition (i.e. sda5 and sda6) are referred to as logical partitions.

The existance of the extended partition in one of the "slots" in the MBR is how the space used by all of the logical partitions is marked as "in use" and thus unavailable. And that is why you cannot delete sda2.

If you could delete it from the MBR partition table in sector 0, then the portion of your hard drive used by sda5 and sda6 would be considered "unallocated". The data in the logical partitions could be overwritten, erasing your files.

Before you can delete sda2 you would first have to empty it by deleting all of the logical partitions it contains. That is, you would have to delete sda5 and sda6 which are inside of the extended partition sda2. Since that would delete your Ubuntu install you obviously do not want to do that.

  Why does the Windows 7 Installation DVD show a 15MB partition labeled "OSselector"
  when I try to install Windows, but I can't see it later from either Windows
  or Ubuntu after they have been installed?

You do not see that partition because it is marked as a "hidden" partition. Here is the partition table for /dev/sdb from your BootInfo summary. OSselector is the (hidden) FAT16 logical partition sdb5 which is inside the extended partition sdb2.

Partition  Boot  Start Sector    End Sector  # of Sectors  Id System
/dev/sdb1    *             63 1,953,487,934 1,953,487,872   7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS
/dev/sdb2       1,953,487,935 1,953,520,064        32,130   5 Extended
/dev/sdb5       1,953,487,998 1,953,520,064        32,067  14 Hidden FAT16 < 32M

I think you would be able to "see" this partition using gparted. You could also clear the "hidden" flag which would allow it to be seen and mounted in Ubuntu and Windows. You could then see what files are in this partition.

Note: While gparted is included on the Live CD or USB, it is not included when Ubuntu is installed. To use gparted with the Ubuntu installed on your drive you would need to first install it using this command:
sudo apt-get install gparted (You could probably also use the Ubuntu Software Center GUI to install it.)

  In the BootInfo summary I saw that GRUB uses both GRUB and BURG config files
  to boot the OS. How can i completely remove BURG?

I actually do not know anything about BURG so I may not be the best one to give advice about this. But from what I could see in your BootInfo summary, BURG is not currently being used for anything.

The files for it are still in /boot/burg and this is what the BootInfo summary detected. But it is GRUB's boot record in the MBR which loads GRUB's core.img which in turn loads GRUB from /boot/grub.

I think you could simply delete the directory /boot/burg. It would probably be better though to simply rename the directory to something else as a test first. If you don't run into any problems after renaming /boot/burg to, say, /boot/hidden-burg then I expect it would be safe to delete that directory.

Original Post

I do not see a problem with the GRUB configuration. (Of course, it could still be there and I  just am not seeing it.)

The problem may be with your windows boot configuration. You might try installing the (free for non-commercial use) windows utility Easy BCD and verify that the contents of your Windows BCD file is correct. (Scroll to the bottom of the page and select the Register button. You do not need to provide a name or an email to download EasyBCD.)

When did this problem booting Windows via GRUB appear? Do you remember what change you made that may have caused this?

You could also try the following just to verify that you are using the correct grub.cfg file and that the Windows Partition (aka Volume) Boot Record (PBR/VBR) has not been corrupted.

Boot to the GRUB menu.
Select the GRUB menu entry Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)
Press e to edit the entry's GRUB commands. You should see
the commands below.

insmod part_msdos
insmod ntfs
set root='(hd0,msdos1)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6060682360680260
chainloader +1

Edit the commands as shown below to use GRUB's ntldr instead of the chainloader command.
Note: Changes made to the GRUB boot menu this way are not persistant. They apply only to the next boot. The grub.cfg is not changed.

insmod part_msdos
insmod ntfs
insmod ntldr
set root='(hd0,msdos1)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6060682360680260
ntldr ($root)/bootmgr

Two changes were made to the commands in (3) versus (4).

  The new command insmod ntldr was added.
  The command chainloader +1 was replaced with ntldr ($root)/bootmgr

While still viewing the edited commands list, press either Ctrl+X or F10 to boot using
these edited commands and see if this changes anything.


Install Microsoft SQL Server 2019 Ubuntu 20.10

The problem is that your Ubuntu.info file doesn't have a 'groovy' entry. Because of a bug in python-apt-common.
Good news. It was fixed today.
Just do a
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade


Multiple Ubuntu, Windows how to make grub to detect them all?

Remove GRUB (sudo apt-get purge grub-pc) from all Ubuntu installations except one (I recommend 11.10 either 32/64 bit). This way, when one of your Ubuntu installations performs a kernel/grub update, it doesn't overlap with the grub configuration of the other.

Also, make sure that you have grub-pc version 1.99+ installed (apt-cache show grub-pc).

After you followed the steps above, run sudo update-grub to let GRUB detect all of your OSes.


Ubuntu cannot turn back on after suspend

I had the same problem on my Acer Predator laptop with an Nvidia GTX1060 video card. If I waited a few minutes after it freezes an error message appeared from nvidia_modeset. Are you using the Nvidia video drivers?
You can resolve this issue by switching to the open source Nouveau driver:
How to switch from nvidia to nouveau drivers on ubuntu 18.04
Update: The problem was occuring with version 450 of the Nvidia driver. Version 455 has just released. Updating to this new version also fixes the issue.


It is very easy: you type man apt-cdrom, for instance, and you get more information and an explanation. You can also navigate the documentation here: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/. man stands for manual. The command works for a lot of other terminal commands as well.

You usually get a good description and a synopsis. Sometimes you also get practical examples, but that depends on the man page.

For apt-add-repository it states

  add-apt-repository is a script which adds an external APT repository to
  either  /etc/apt/sources.list  or a file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ or
  removes an already existing repository.

For apt-get

 apt-get is the command-line tool for handling packages, and may be
 considered the user's "back-end" to other tools using the APT library.
 Several "front-end" interfaces exist, such as dselect(1), aptitude(8),
 synaptic(8) and wajig(1).

For apt-key

  apt-key is used to manage the list of keys used by apt to authenticate
  packages. Packages which have been authenticated using these keys will
  be considered trusted.

For the rest it is up to you to learn about these commands in the man pages. The synopsis can hardly get any more practical.


Fingerprint reader stopped working Lenovo E430

Same thing happened for me after yesterdays update. It just stoped working. I have a Lenovo T420 and Ubuntu 13.04 x64.

Since it was an fingerprint-gui update I'm guessing that this is not an Ubuntu issue but it's worth a try asking :)


gnome-terminal - restoring of config for profiles

I've determined that my desired profiles live in /.gconf/apps/gnome-terminal/

However the version of gnome-settings that I'm running (3.32.1) uses dconf rather than gconf to store the settings (dconf inconveniently stores to disk in a binary file @ ~/.config/dconf/user

gnome-settings is supposed to migrate over automatically if there's nothing in the new settings (according to @egmont at Seriously, dconf, gconf, gsettings... How do I save my terminal settings?)

So first step is to backup dconf:
cp ~/.config/dconf/user ~/.config/dconf/user.backup-date +%Y-%m-%d``

Then verify that /org/terminal/legacy/profiles/ doesn't actually contain anything, using dconf-editor (might need an install)

Then we can reset with:
dconf reset -f /org/gnome/terminal/legacy/

Will see if that fixes it for me...

... nope, I had to manually inspect the old .gconf xml files to copy over each field of the profile.


Installing Android Studio without sudo access

Follow these easy steps:

Download .zip archive from  http://tools.android.com/download/studio/builds/2-2-1
Unpack it and using console run ./bin/studio.sh file


how to find the installing path of some install application?

I tried

which code

, it returned
/usr/bin/code

and to run, just typed

code

and it opened VS Code.
hope this helps


WiFi worked during install of Ubuntu-MATE 18.04 but not after install

Run in a terminal

sudo apt purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt install firmware-b43-installer


Can't modify files in my shared folder (virtualbox, guest is Ubuntu, host is windows 7)

You may suffer from bug #34813, where access to shares on Windows systems is broken. Access to files on Ubuntu hosts is not affected.
Troubleshoot Shared Folders in Virtual Box
To investigate if your shared folders are setup correctly you may go through the following steps:

Install the latest release of Virtual Box.

Make sure Guest Additions meet your VBox release.

Not define shared folders as read-only if you need write access.

Guest users need to be in the group vboxsf for auto-mounted shares.

Mount temporary shares with option rw and appropriate uid for write access,
(e.g. sudo mount -t vboxsf -o uid=1000 sharename mountpoint)


recoll (desktop-search engine): error-message in a popup-window

O.K.,
seems I could sort it out with the help of medoc.
I posted a ticket here: https://opensourceprojects.eu/p/recoll1/tickets/68/
and got help from recoll support.
This actually isn´t an error:

  This is not really an error. The important part is the first phrase
  "Query in progress"

  This message appears when a query does not return instantaneously
  (takes more than a few seconds).

  This is to warn the user that it is possible to abort the search, but
  that the GUI will have to exit (because the Xapian developpers refuse
  to implement cancellation points).

  You don't get it the second time because the data is in the cache, so
  the search goes faster.


You may need create a config file to avoid the crash..

Create a file named redshift.conf and save it into ~/.config/redshift.conf. Here you have an example to create the config file:

; Global settings
[redshift]
temp-day=5700
temp-night=3500
transition=1
gamma=0.8:0.7:0.8
location-provider=manual
adjustment-method=vidmode

; The location provider and adjustment method settings
; are in their own sections.
[manual]
lat=-34.6
lon=-58.3

;screen
[vidmode]
screen=0

To know the coordinates for your city you can use itouchmap. Just search for your place and write down the numbers.
eg: My city Buenos Aires is lat=-34.6 and lon=-58.3

Once you have created the redshift.conf file, run the application and see if it works. You can find additional information about commands, config file, values on the Redshift website...


Answers to your questions are found here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Wayland

Long story short, it's not decided when they will switch to Wayland as default, packages are already available for Natty though.


apt-move says the packages are moved but they are gone

This is a known bug on Ubuntu. Fortunately, it has been fixed on Debian and installing the version 4.2.27-3 from Debian Sid just by downloading and installing the package with wget/dpkg seems to fix the problem.


Install gparted to your system using the below command:

sudo apt-get install gparted

Then boot using - Ubuntu Live CD and select the option "Try Ubuntu" at startup, then your will be able to use Gparted to resizing your Ubuntu root partition.

Hope this helps,


Bash script programming: how to match pattern in string?

Try the following oneliner:

$ cat file.txt | perl -e 's/\s//g && print "$_\n" for join("", <>) =~ /\*([\w\s]+)\*\*/g'
7I45432ZX
7I45432ZX

I'm basically looking for a pattern between a star * and 2 stars **. Once found, I'm just removing the spaces/carriage returns before printing.


If it's the "windows" that are running in the taskbar you want to remove so it doesn't show them you can do the following:

Right click on the taskbar and choose Unlock Widgets
Click the "3 line" icon at the far right of the "taskbar" panel
Hover over the center of the "taskbar" and you should see a popup saying "Task Manager"
There should be a little "X" there to close that widget. Click the "X".

That should do it .. but ... it may move your clock and system tray over to the left side so you can (while the panel is still unlocked) just drag them back to the right

Once you have the panel set up the way you want you can then click the "X" on the popup that came up when you clicked the "3 line icon" Then you can right click on the panel again and go to Panel Options and Lock Widgets again

That should remove the programs from showing up in the upper panel


Press Ctrl+Alt+T to go to a terminal. then, type:

gksudo xdiagnose


Well I am not sure why I did not think of this before but I had forgotten that all of my disks & USB drives are 64Bit versions. I just downloaded Ubuntu Mate 32Bit & it boots fine.

I'm luvin it!


To get certificates, run similar to the next command:

openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout nginx/my-site.com.key -x509 -days 365 -out nginx/my-site.com.crt

Also, you could use these instructions:

DAYS=1460
PASS=$(openssl rand -hex 16)

# remove certificates from previous execution.
rm -f *.pem *.srl *.csr *.cnf

# generate CA private and public keys
echo 01 > ca.srl
openssl genrsa -des3 -out ca-key.pem -passout pass:$PASS 2048
openssl req -subj '/CN=*/' -new -x509 -days $DAYS -passin pass:$PASS -key ca-key.pem -out ca.pem


How do I update envisage v3 to envisage v4

The package has renamed, Ubuntu Oneric is currently with 4.0.0 for "envisage" and 3.2.0 for "envisagecore":

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/python-envisage

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/python-envisagecore

  python-envisage (4.0.0-1) unstable; urgency=low

  New upstream release
  Rename package to python-envisage -
  replaces python-envisagecore
  and python-envisageplugins packages

So basically wait for Ubuntu 11.10 for release, or try the beta.


You can use netdiscover to get a list of local ip adresses. It gives you a list like:

 5 Captured ARP Req/Rep packets, from 5 hosts.   Total size: 300
 _____________________________________________________________________________
   IP            At MAC Address      Count  Len   MAC Vendor
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 192.168.0.1     aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff    01    060   Sitecom Europe BV
 192.168.0.101   aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff    01    060   Unknown vendor
 192.168.0.104   aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff    01    060   Somedevice, INC.
 192.168.0.116   aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff    01    060   Another Device

It is a command line application, run it by sudo netdiscover. If you run the command, it will offer you to install it if you haven't installed it before.


Lenovo P51S - how can I turn off the touchpad

To answer my own question I used this: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/131/touchpad-indicator/

please comment if a better approach. This works in 17.10 .


Missing write permissions in home/user/anaconda2

The problem was that somehow "anaconda2" folder where "anaconda" is installed, was set to 'access only' because the owner of "anaconda2" folder was "root". Now I have changed the ownership of "anaconda2" folder by using command

sudo chown -R ws2 anaconda
sudo chown -R usr foldername


I have found a way to convert OGG files to WMA (v8) files using VLC:

Launch VLC and go to File->Convert / Save

Add the files you want to convert by clicking 'Add...' and then click 'Convert / Save'

Select the destination file, remembering to append the .wma extension

Click the button to create a new profile (this only needs to be done once)

Give the new profile a name, and select 'ASF / WMV' for encapsulation

Click the 'Audio' tab and change the settings to match this image (or make any changes if you want a different bitrate or something):

Click 'Save' and select your new format

Now simply click 'Start' and your files will be transcoded


If the option truncate is enabled in configuration file, then the file will not be moved - its content will only be copied to another file which is newly created and the current file will be cleared, so the inode id will not change. Actually the file is never changed.


Loud fan: Tried many ways, but can't handle it

Make sure that it is not your GPU fan that is causing all the racket.  I had an EVGA video card that would run at full fan by default, and would only quiet down once the appropriate driver had been loaded.

If it turns out to be your GPU fan, then you will probably have an easier time controlling that than controlling your CPU fan.

Good Luck.