DNS is not working, /etc/resolv.conf is not overwritten. Why?

The dnsmasq executable binary is included in the dnsmasq-base package.

When dns=dnsmasq appears uncommented in NetworkManager.conf, NetworkManager runs a dnsmasq instance to serve as a local forwarding nameserver.

The dnsmasq package includes configuration files which support running a dnsmasq instance independently of NetworkManager. The latter dnsmasq instance is configured by /etc/dnsmasq.conf.

The resolvconf utility is used by network interface configurers to manage nameserver information. On the basis of information that it has been provided it writes a file /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf which is intended to be used to configure the libc resolver. The file is activated in this role by creating a symbolic link from /etc/resolv.conf to /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf.

NetworkManager and ifup send nameserver information to resolvconf. Normally /etc/resolv.conf is a symbolic link to /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf and all works well.

In case dns=dnsmasq appears uncommented in NetworkManager.conf, NetworkManager supplies resolvconf with the nameserver address 127.0.1.1 which appears in resolv.conf; NetworkManager's slave dnsmasq process listens at address 127.0.1.1 and forwards queries to external nameservers at addresses that NetworkManager has been configured to know about or has learned about via DHCP.

The questioner's first remark is:

But my file /etc/resolv.conf (symbolic link) is not overwritten by the Network Manager.

This indicates that there is a misconfiguration. /etc/resolv.conf should be a symbolic link to /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf and resolvconf should update the latter when some network interface is configured or deconfigured. Given that you have dns=dnsmasq in NetworkManager.conf, the nameserver line in resolv.conf should be nameserver 127.0.1.1, unless you have the server instance of dnsmasq running in which case it might be nameserver 127.0.0.1, thus directing the libc resolver to use the server instance of dnsmasq which listens at 127.0.0.1.

The questioner's subsequent question is:

[...] /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/original [...]
Should I remove or edit this file to make it work?

This file (original) which is simply a copy of /etc/resolv.conf at the time the resolvconf package is installed, normally has no effect. It is kept by the resolvconf package in case the package is uninstalled, then this original file is put back at /etc/resolv.conf. In some cases /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/tail is a symbolic link to original but that is non-standard and if this holds for your system then you should change /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/tail to be an empty file or a symbolic link to /dev/null.


Unable to unlock Plasma Vault in Kubuntu 18.04

Plasma Vault uses by default CryFS. You can access CryFS directories via the command line as described here.
The error message you received when mounting via the command line:

fuse: mountpoint is not empty

indicates that the mountpoint is not empty ;-).
Probably the file was created by dolphin and can safely be deleted. Delete the file and try again.


Securely erasing a storage device

There's a command-line utility called shred, which overwrites data in a file or a whole device with random bits, making it nearly impossible to recover.

First of all, you need to identify the name of the device.

This might be something like /dev/sdb or /dev/hdb (but not like /dev/sdb1, that's a partition). You can use sudo fdisk -l to list all connected storage devices, and find your external hard drive there.

N.B. Make sure it is the correct device, picking the wrong device will wipe it.

Unmount all currently mounted partitions on that device, if any.
Then run the following, replacing /dev/sdX with the name of your device:

sudo shred -v /dev/sdX

This will overwrite all the blocks on the device with random data three times, the -v flag is for verbose and will print the current progress.

You can add the option -nN to only do this N times, to save time on large capacity devices. This might take a while, depending on the size of your external hard drive (I think it takes twenty minutes or so for my 4 GB flash drive).

You can also set all bits to zero after the last iteration by adding the option -z, I prefer to do this.

sudo shred -v -n1 -z /dev/sdX

After this, you would have to repartition the device. The easiest way is to install GParted and use it:

sudo apt-get install gparted
gksu gparted

Choose your device in the upper-right corner list. Then select Device -> Create partition table to create a partition table on the device.

Then add a single partition that uses all of the unallocated space on the device, choosing fat32 as the file system. Apply the changes by click the Apply button (the green checkmark) in the toolbar.

Tips

Read the manpage for shred online or by typing man shred in the terminal.
Beware that some parts of your disk will not be erased - use the drive firmware "SECURE ERASE" command, such as via hdparm, to properly clean off a disk.


What printer driver should i use for Canon imageRUNNER ADVANCE C3530i?

Gutenprint offers more Canon printer's support than the driver installed by default in Ubuntu. I did not find one specifically for your printer, but a driver for a similar supported printer might work. I would try the ones for Canon iR-ADV C3325/C3330 Foomatic/Postscript, Canon iR-ADV C3325/C3330 PPD, Canon iR-ADV C5030/C5025 Foomatic/Postscript, and Canon iR-ADV C5030/C5025 PPD. Hopefully one of those works.
Check out my answer here for how to install it, and how to configure it: https://askubuntu.com/a/1253141/595992
Configure one of the drivers listed avobe. Then, test if the printer works. If it does, enjoy :). If it doesn't, try a different one. Hopefully, one of them works. Good luck!


https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/v4l2loopback contains all the package files.  You can manually reinstall it by downloading the .deb that matches your machine architecture, then use

sudo dpkg -i <whatever_file_you_downloaded>.deb


Cannot find winemenubuilder.exe when trying to run StarCraft 2

Starcraft2 is one of the program affected by the Ubuntu 12.04 kernel bug.
here is my answer to the same problem with another program

Problem with Wine on Kernel 3.2.0

I also found this:

  If the problem persists, remove your folder "home/documents/starcraft II"
  Problems may remain on highest graphics setting.

ON this page about half way down


AMD Drivers problem: can't display the resolution

There's a good link for getting past this problem on this question:
My computer boots to a black screen, what options do I have to fix it?.

What you need to do, is at the Grub boot screen, choose Ubuntu boot options, and start the recovery mode.  This opens in a text based display.

Choose network - this takes some time to complete
Choose root - this drops you into a terminal window
Enter these commands:

sudo apt-get remove --purge xorg-driver-fglrx fglrx*
sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dri fglrx-modaliases
sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg
sudo apt-get install --reinstall xserver-xorg-core`

This removes the proprietary driver, and ensures the open source drivers are loaded.
Then type:

sudo reboot


Ubuntu 12.04 and 13.04 livecd graphics driver problem? I'm using UEFI :P

Okay I figured out a workaround to the problem.  I loaded the boot-menu of the livecd on a friends laptop (using UEFI mode to match mine), I wrote down the options, went back to my laptop, ran the cd, choosing what I assumed were the right choices and voila!  it was only the boot menu that was messed up, the rest of the installation process used the correct graphics driver!


Ubuntu 14.04 Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTS5227 PCI Express Card Reader isn't working

working on MSI GE60 I've got a Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTS5227 working on windows but not in linux mint (based on ubuntu).

ATTENTION / IMPORTANT :

use this method can possibly induce the device to not recognize the card reader after a reboot. I've not understood yet what's going on but the device seems not able to enumerate on pci bus. I fixed that by cold boot on windows (with official driver).

I found some tutorials for rts5209 and tried to adapt them :

https://vidyut.net/realtek-sd-card-reader-working-ubuntu/

http://dainaccio.wordpress.com/2013/07/14/realtek-sd-reader-mounting-problems-under-linux-mintubuntu/#more-836

I took the sources for RTS5229 from realtek website (PCIE RTS5229 card reader driver for Linux) : no more than 2 links in my message, tutorials seems more important --> google

then I had do do a little more code modification than in the linked tutorials in rtcx.c in order to build without error : comment the declaration of proc_info in the rtsx_host_template initialization line 206.

(before)
.proc_info = proc_info,

(after)
//.proc_info = proc_info,

once I get through this I built the driver and try to go with it, but obviously the link between driver and hardware was not there.

So I took the name of my device and try to modify the code in order to have the right device name.
Go in the first lines (55) of rtsx.h and adapt the definition of the device name to your need :

(before)
#define CR_DRIVER_NAME "rts5229"

(after)
#define CR_DRIVER_NAME "rts5227"

After what I modified the target of the Makefile :

(before)
TARGET_MODULE := rts5229

(after)
TARGET_MODULE := rts5227

after what

make clean
make
sudo make install
sudo depmod
sudo modprobe rts5227

verify that your device is not using rtsx_pci module (lspci -v) if its the case you need to use the Dainaccio way to fix that (near the end of second tutorial).

when your module is correctly loaded a ls /dev should show you a new interface (for me /dev/sdb) :D

In fact that's not really clean.The thing is there should be a lot more understanding of the difference between the 2 card reader version and a lot more understanding of the driver to make that work fine.

The driver is basically functional, you can mount / unmount partition, write and read on the card, insertion and removal is detected. I have not tested the automount. But anyway a lspci -v with the driver working will show you that this solution is not clean : the peripheral class is not recognized so others values I think. By a brief look in the code I also saw many reference hard-coded to rts5229. they could be some work to be done...

anyway, have a nice day !

~~~~~


Internet is extremely slow on Ubuntu; fine on Windows?

A little googling found this:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1522815&highlight=Belkin+F7D1101

follow those directions exactly and you should be up and running with it.


I accidentally deleted /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20auto-upgrades

Try this:

Open a terminal,Press Ctrl+Alt+T

Run it:

sudo -i
nano /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20auto-upgrades

In the file that opens, paste these lines:

APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists "1";
APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "1";

Ctrl+O  Save file

Ctrl+X  Close nano


txmt URL Handler for Chromium does not work

I am using RVM, ruby version manager.
My script to load gedit and parse the txmt handler is written in Ruby.
In whatever capacity xdg-open is launched by Chromium, it does not have access to the currently active ruby in RVM via the #!/usr/bin/env ruby hashbang.
Research into RVM showed that there is a rvm-auto-ruby which points to the currently active --system ruby in RVM.

Running which rvm-auto-ruby gives me /home/jake/.rvm/bin/rvm-auto-ruby so in gconf-editor, I put this for the handler application:

/home/jake/.rvm/bin/rvm-auto-ruby /usr/local/bin/txmt_handler "%s"

And now it works!


My screen says /dev/sda1: clean.......blocks after login background picture change trying

From the comments...

From the GRUB menu, boot to Recovery Mode, Root Access, and use sudo pico /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css and change the code back, then reboot.


Problems with Logitech Orbicam webcam image

It is a bug in the kernel driver gspca/vc032x, that sets wrong bytesperline (640 instead of 1280). The problem raised with recent version of v4l-utils (>=0.9.1), because the new libraries take in account bytesperline.
I opened a bug at bugzilla.kernel.org. You can fix by yourself by recompiling kernel after applying the following patch:

--- drivers/media/usb/gspca/vc032x.c.orig   2014-08-04 00:25:02.000000000 +0200
+++ drivers/media/usb/gspca/vc032x.c    2015-01-11 23:52:51.249386410 +0100
@@ -68,12 +68,12 @@

 static const struct v4l2_pix_format vc0321_mode[] = {
    {320, 240, V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU, V4L2_FIELD_NONE,
-       .bytesperline = 320,
+       .bytesperline = 320*2,
        .sizeimage = 320 * 240 * 2,
        .colorspace = V4L2_COLORSPACE_SRGB,
        .priv = 1},
    {640, 480, V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU, V4L2_FIELD_NONE,
-       .bytesperline = 640,
+       .bytesperline = 640*2,
        .sizeimage = 640 * 480 * 2,
        .colorspace = V4L2_COLORSPACE_SRGB,
        .priv = 0},
@@ -97,12 +97,12 @@
 };
 static const struct v4l2_pix_format bi_mode[] = {
    {320, 240, V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV, V4L2_FIELD_NONE,
-       .bytesperline = 320,
+       .bytesperline = 320*2,
        .sizeimage = 320 * 240 * 2,
        .colorspace = V4L2_COLORSPACE_SRGB,
        .priv = 2},
    {640, 480, V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV, V4L2_FIELD_NONE,
-       .bytesperline = 640,
+       .bytesperline = 640*2,
        .sizeimage = 640 * 480 * 2,
        .colorspace = V4L2_COLORSPACE_SRGB,
        .priv = 1},


The X protocol version is reported as:

X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0

The software itself is specifically the X.Org X Server (there are others, like XFree86), and it's version is reported as:

X.Org X Server 1.11.3

(Full output of X -version from my system here.)


How to properly add webapps to unity on 13.10

That could be possible and enabled if you have setup your account here. I mean in the system settings you will find online accounts like mentioned in the below image. if you set your account over here then you'll get what you wanted.


Cannot install Ubuntu from Startup Disk due to error?

The issue

The reason that you are getting the "black screen of death" in 16.04 is because your graphics card is very new and therefore is only supported by recent versions of drivers. I also believe that you need the proprietary drivers to get NVIDIA 9xx cards working :(

A temporary solution

When you boot into the live medium, disable kernel mode setting. You can do this by pressing F6 and selecting nomodeset. After this you should be able to boot into the live installer.

.

A more permanent solution

After you have installed 16.04, you need to install the proprietary NVIDIA drivers. When the computer boots back up, go to System Settings -> Software & Updates -> Additional Drivers. In there, select Using NVIDIA binary driver.

Reboot and cross your fingers; everything should work fine now.

.


How to compare two lines in a txt file with bash?

In psuedo code:

LastLine=""
SecondLastLine=""
while read LineIn
    SecondLastLine="$LastLine"
    LastLine="$LineIn"
done
# now string compare last lines

Typed on phone but I can post non psuedo code answer after work.


How do I change the default graphics driver from Intel to Nvidia in Ubuntu Gnome 14.04?

To open the GUI, use the command software-properties-gtk. Kudos @Muru for the command!


Removing packages through terminal - yet app still present and working in app list? Why/how?

The package imagemagick is a dummy package which can safely be removed or purged without actually removing the application itself.
The essential package you'd have to purge is imagemagic-6.q16 (on 20.10, if you use a different version of Ubuntu this will vary), thus the correct command to purge the application would have been
sudo apt purge --autoremove imagemagick-6.q16

We use purge because we don't want to keep configuration files and --autoremove to prevent that not longer needed dependencies are left behind.
Remind that purge only affects system-wide configuration files, user configuration files (which reside in your home directory) will never get removed, neither by apt nor by software center, you always have to remove these files manually.
If you want to know exactly, which packages have been installed/removed during the installation/uninstallation of imagemagick, check the log files
/var/log/apt/history.log or /var/log/apt/term.log.


I also have an ASUS X501A and I had the same problem with the wireless being slow.

I followed the instructions from this post:
Not Able to get wifi working under 13.04 (Ralink rt5390)

Basically you do the following (taken from above post):

Enter your name and email and download driver at: http://www.mediatek.com/_en/07_downl...il.php?sn=5001
Go to the download directory and run these commands

tar -xvf 2011_1007_RT5390_RT5392_Linux_STA_V2.5.0.3_DPO_v2.bz2.bz2
cd 2011_1007_RT5390_RT5392_Linux_STA_V2.5.0.3_DPO
wget http://gridlox.net/diff/rt5592sta_fix_64bit_3.8.patch
patch -p1 <rt5592sta_fix_64bit_3.8.patch

If patch asks for directory point it to pci_main_dev.c
Make sure ./os/linux/config.mk reads HAS_NATIVE_WPA_SUPPLICANT_SUPPORT=y
Build and install the driver:

make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe rt5390sta

I got various compiler warnings and an error message at the end of the make command saying I didn't have enough permissions but it worked after the sudo make install.
Blacklist the concflicting kernel modules so run

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

And then at the end of the file, add these lines:

# Blacklist conflicting kernel modules
blacklist rt2800pci
blacklist rt2800lib
blacklist rt2x00usb
blacklist rt2x00pci
blacklist rt2x00lib
blacklist rt2860sta
blacklist rt3090st

Reboot and it should now have faster wireless. I had to re-enter my wireless password but it worked great.


How can I connect my laptop to the internet for the first time if the network-manger-icon is not displayed?

Use a USB Modem. I've always had similar issues, I plug my USB 3G key so that I can update the system and it's all fixed.


How to change the orange theme to something else?

You can pretty much download a lot of themes from the Internet, but you can also install Cinnamon. Cinnamon is a fork of GNOME Shell used for Linux Mint. It is fully configurable. However, it is quite complicated to install at first, and it will replace Unity, so if you just wanted to change the basic theme, this may not be for you.

To proceed, open the terminal, and type in the following commands.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gwendal-lebihan-dev/cinnamon-stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cinnamon


livescore-cli
It is a small commandline program to watch scores, tables and fixtures of football(soccer) from the commandline. It requires the python interpreter(2). It uses the data from the website livescore.com and some other websites. It is essentially built for the busy people that are passionate about football.
Features :

Real Time Livescore
Match Time in Local Time
League Table
Top Scorers List
News Feed


If the issue is consistent, you could rig xdotool (install with sudo apt-get install xdotool -y to press backspace immediately after each of these keypresses to delete one of the two keystrokes, then set up a keyboard shortcut to each of the trouble keys to run xdotool key Delete sleep 1. What this does is has xdotool send the delete command immediately after the first keypress, but then provides a 1 second delay for the second keystroke to be sent through. Tested it on my own machine and it made it so that a single keypress wouldn't get sent through, but a quick double-press would.

If you need an inexpensive keyboard to get you through until you can get a new good quality one, thrift stores usually have large stocks of old (but clean)  USB office keyboards that can tie you over for $3-5, and you would have it immediately. Nothing flashy, but comfortable enough for typing and gaming so long as you aren't pressing more than 5 keys at once.


how can i test if ubuntu activated hyperthreading?

/sys/bus/cpu/devices/cpu*/topology/thread_siblings_list shows the layout of cores and hyperthreads.  To make it easier to visualise, I recommend using the lstopo command, install with:

sudo apt-get install hwloc

and run with:

lstopo

My ivybridge desktop has 4 CPUs; each has a hyperthread, so we get a diagram with Cores P#0..3 and each has two PU's (one of these being the hyperthread):

If you want just a text version of this output, use:

lstopo -


allow remote mysql access (through webmin or shell)

Login mysql mysql -u yourname -p yourpassword,then follow like this

mysql>use mysql;
mysql>select host,user from user;

It may give the following result:

+-----------+------------------+
| host      | user             |
+-----------+------------------+
| 127.0.0.1 | root             |
| ::1       | root             |
| localhost | debian-sys-maint |
| localhost | root             |
+-----------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

If you see that, it means you can only connect mysql in localhost,so you need do the following steps:

mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO username@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "password";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

"%"means any host can remotely log on to the server,if you want to restrict access to only a machine,you need to change the "%" to the IP address of the machine you want to allow to connect.

If it works,then you select host,user from user;,you will get the following info:

+-----------+------------------+
| host      | user             |
+-----------+------------------+
| %         | root             |
| 127.0.0.1 | root             |
| ::1       | root             |
| localhost | debian-sys-maint |
| localhost | root             |
+-----------+------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Exit mysql,edit /etc/mysql/my.cnf,find

# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
bind-address           = 127.0.0.1

annotate it or you can delete it(not recommended),restart your mysql server,usingservice mysql restart,if you do this like me,you may solve the problem.

It works well in my computer(ubuntu 14.04+mysql 5.5)


openstack-autopilot - Additional services

The OpenStack Autopilot has no way to account for these additional unmanaged services. The safest way for you to proceed would be to use the Juju environment backing the Autopilot to deploy them. You would have to take responsibility to manage and maintain the extra services yourself as the Autopilot will not.


Bootable usb Secure boot error on an Acer aspire e1 win10

There may be a workaround; however, given your description, my recommendation is to return the computer to the store for a refund, buy another model, and write to Acer telling them why you returned the computer. Here's why, along with some caveats....

With Windows 8.x, Microsoft required that computers based on x86 and x86-64 computers enable users to disable Secure Boot. The option would sometimes be hidden or lurk behind a scary warning, but it was there. With Windows 10, Microsoft has made disabling Secure Boot optional. To date, reports I've seen have indicated that it's still there, so (caveat #1) you may want to review your firmware settings, keeping in mind that the option to disable Secure Boot could be hidden somewhere -- maybe it's visible only after you change another setting, for instance. The key here, though, is that if the option IS missing, and if consumers (that is, you) accept such computers, then Acer, and eventually other manufacturers, will continue (or begin) to deliver computers with this critical feature unavailable. Given the nature of what companies are, the only way you'll catch their attention is with a return; a return costs them money, which a letter of complaint doesn't. If they start seeing returns because users can't get Ubuntu (or other Linux distributions) to boot on their computers, they may pay attention. If they don't see returns or if they don't know the cause of the returns, it will be Business as Usual.

A second caveat on this is that Ubuntu should support Secure Boot. There are cases where it doesn't work, though, and your description sounds like this is one of those cases. Without having the computer in my hands I can't really diagnose this further. Depending on the nature of the problem, there may be workarounds that would enable you to install Ubuntu even on your computer -- or perhaps I should say that there may be workarounds that would enable me to do it. I maintain the rEFInd boot manager, and added Secure Boot support to it, so I've got expertise in this area that most people lack, and it would take my level of expertise to find and use the relevant workarounds.

In sum, there are three possibilities:

You've missed the option to disable Secure Boot. If you can find it, you can install Ubuntu with Secure Boot disabled.
There's a workaround that would require considerable expertise to locate and use. This level of expertise cannot be expected of normal users, so the computer should be returned as unsuitable for your uses.
There is no workaround and no way to disable Secure Boot, in which case the computer is 100% incompatible with Ubuntu, and you should return it.

In either of the "return" cases, it's imperative that you tell Acer why you returned the computer, so that they're motivated to fix their firmware.

You may also want to file a bug report against Ubuntu. As I said, in theory Ubuntu should work on a computer with Secure Boot active. If it doesn't, that's a bug. Be sure to include the exact model number in your bug report. (Acer's Web site shows several "E1" models.) In fact, I'm curious enough that I'd like to know the exact model myself.


That file is provided by the qt4-designer package. Try installing it:

sudo apt-get install qt4-designer


oracle mariaDB installation on ubuntu 14.04

Step 1: Add MariaDB Apt-get Repositories

sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 0xcbcb082a1bb943db

For Ubuntu 14.04 “trusty”

sudo add-apt-repository 'deb http://ftp.kaist.ac.kr/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu trusty main'

For Ubuntu 12.04 LTS “precise”

sudo add-apt-repository 'deb http://ftp.kaist.ac.kr/mariadb/repo/5.5/ubuntu precise main'

Step 2: Install MariaDB in Ubuntu

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mariadb-server

While installing MariaDB using above command installer will prompt for MariaDB root account password twice like below snapshot.

Step 3: Login To MariaDB

After completing installation you can connect to MariaDB using following command.

mysql -u root -p

Enter password:<enter password>

source


Why does My HP printer not work with the new version of Ubuntu 12.04?

Try installing the HPLIP from Ubuntu Software center.

HPLIP (Hewlett-Packard Linux Imaging & Printing) is an HP-developed solution for printing, scanning, and faxing with HP inkjet and laser based printers in Linux. The HPLIP project provides printing support for 2,201 printer models, including Deskjet, Officejet, Photosmart, PSC (Print Scan Copy), Business Inkjet, LaserJet, Edgeline MFP, and LaserJet MFP. (Note: Not all models are currently supported See Supported Printers for more information.)


Move or resize huge Audacity project files?

An Audacity 'project' has a file structure as follows:

An *.aup Project File which is a simple xml file used as a reference file, thus not a big file in itself.
A *_data folder containing many, many small .au files which are segments of the working file stored in uncompressed, lossless format = the large file sizes that you have experienced.

Storing in a lossless format does give big file sizes but means that Audacity can:

Work on the individual files better: adding filters, adjusting volume and performing all of other Audacity magic
Subsequently export to multiple different formats in high quality, retaining the original high quality, lossless files for further work

Thus you are stuck with the big size of the working files.

As regards your other issue of moving these lossless files your best advice from the Audacity documentation is to strictly avoid moving these project files manually.

However you can backup your project safely to your sd drive by using the Save Project As.. option in Audacity and directing the output to your backup media. This is a safe option that you should investigate...


ThinkPad x220 / 12.04 / Fingerprint reader not working after upgrade

Try these steps once

open a terminal by CTRL+ALT+T and execute these commands in series.

sudo dpkg-reconfigure -a

wait for sometime till this command executes completely. Then execute rest:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure $(dpkg -l | awk '{print $2}' | grep "^xserver" | tr '\n' ' ')
sudo update-initramfs -u
sudo update-grub

then restart your computer and see what happens.

Reply if something goes wrong, or for further assitance.


Is there official documentation on directories like ~/.config and ~/.cache?

Yes, there is a standard: these are specified by freedesktop.org and are part of XDG Base Directory Specifications.
config-spec outlines just basic requirements, but the details are in the Base Directory Specifications. The ~/.config and ~/.cache directories are default unless configured otherwise:

There is a set of preference ordered base directories relative to which configuration files should be searched. This set of directories is defined by the environment variable $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS.
There is a single base directory relative to which user-specific non-essential (cached) data should be written. This directory is defined by the environment variable $XDG_CACHE_HOME.
...
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME defines the base directory relative to which user specific configuration files should be stored. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not set or empty, a default equal to $HOME/.config should be used.
...
$XDG_CACHE_HOME defines the base directory relative to which user specific non-essential data files should be stored. If $XDG_CACHE_HOME is either not set or empty, a default equal to $HOME/.cache should be used.

You may notice these specifications mostly state where data should be stored, which environment variables used, and in what manner ( desktop-neutral, efficient, etc ), but most desktops are free in implementing the "how" part of it. The GNOME-based desktops will use gsettings where as KDE users can use the same via kwriteconfig, but they both will rely on ~/.config directory in the process

Question key points

How do I know this is an officially supported folder and not just a flavor of the month location for a per-user cache/config?

These directories appear in official documentation and Filesystem Hierarchy Standard also mentions them. This is official documentation, hence the folders are officially supported.

Is this something I should just accept as an un-stated standard practice location?

Depends on the app you're creating. Is the app supposed to be configurable on per-user basis or work consistently through out the system ? FHS tells us that for system-wide stuff we should use /etc or /usr/local, but XDG directories should be used for user-specific configurations - ~/.cache and ~/.config.  Of course, if application isn't dependent on user-specific settings, /var/cache can be used instead of per-user directory.  Of course, you could always have single ~/.appname.conf file, a ~/.appname.db  or ~/.appname/ directory to keep configurations and cache there, but that would be non-standard; not "bad" - just non-standard.
See also

Why do some applications use ~/.config/appname for their config data while others use ~/.appname?
Understanding home configuration file locations: ~/, ~/.config/ and ~/.local/share/
How did the ~/.local/bin thing start? How widespread is it?


Boot hangs with the message "Booting from Hard drive C:" after reinstalling ubuntu 16.04 server

I had same issue,
Boot with live cd, run GPARTED
Create >1MB unformatted partition with bios_grub flag,
Than install and run boot-repair (or run grub-repair on boot partition)
Reboot..


Ubuntu (alternate) server 18.04: no network interfaces

Networking in Ubuntu Server 18.04 and later is handled by netplan and no longer in /etc/network/interfaces. Please remove your additions to that file.

Please edit your /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml file to read:

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# For more information, see netplan(5).
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  wifis:
    wlp2s0:
      dhcp4: true
      dhcp6: true
      access-points:
        "network_ssid_name":
          password: "**********"

Please note that the access point name and password are enclosed in quotation marks. Also, netplan is very specific as to indentation and spacing. Please proofread carefully.

After saving the file, please do:

sudo netplan generate
sudo netplan apply

Reboot. Check to see if you connected. Do you have an IP address?

ip addr show

Are you connected?

ping -c3 www.ubuntu.com


Replacing Ubuntu 10.04 LTS with 12.04 on dual boot?

Install 12.04 on the partition that you have 10.04 on. However, you will lose all your installed softwares in 10.04. If you don't want that, you will have to go for a distro upgrade. But that might result in a lot of problems which you can find on this site itself. If you want the the softwares on 10.04 installed on 12.04 too, refer to this : How can I duplicate my existing software packages on a new system?


What is EFI v2.31 Lenovo? Where do I find it?

The certification tool gets this version from the following command:

[ -d /sys/firmware/efi ] && cat /var/log/kern.log* | grep -m 1 -o --color=never 'EFI v.*'

I have a T430S which also returns EFI v2.31 by Lenovo.

The EFI version number that you see on the  certification website (2.3.1, although that's often reported by software as 2.31) refers to the version of the EFI specification the firmware implements.


I had similar issue where :lspci doesn't list any wireless device/card
ifconfig won't list any wireless interface
rfkill won't make any change
not able to turn on wireless
network manager won't list any wireless
dmesg won't say anything related to wireless

one thing you can see that you may have usb wireless instead of pci it is possible for
internal wireless too.so see the output of
lsusb and look for your wireless card. Well i wasn't able to find why this occurs i tried everything like reinstalling drivers,
recompiling drivers etc but could not find a fix this way .I think there is something close
to hardware (at least in my case)that's why you can not fix it using software/drivers.

I found a quick fix:
Goto BIOS settings you will probably find wireless enabled there if this is so disable it reboot again go to BIOS settings again now enable it your wireless should work now

this worked for me, try it well .I have been struggling with this and could not find a
conclusion. If anyone finds it please reply.


Workaround

Found on google after visiting this question.

It's a hack but worked on my 14.04.

Install xkbset

sudo apt-get install xkbset

Open a terminal and run

watch -n 1 xkbset ma 60 10 10 5 10


If you install the ruby1.9.1-dev package (which, confusingly, is ruby 1.9.3.. ) then

gem1.9.1 install rails

As root, then rails will be fully built and installed as /usr/local/bin/rails

$ rails --version
Rails 3.2.3


Connecting ROS in VirtualBox, Ubuntu and MATLAB on Windows

You need to configure the network on the VM (guest) as bridged, that means that it will use your physical network card (host) and it will get its own IP from the router.
More info in What are the main differences between VirtualBox networking types?
I also recommend you to configure the VM with a static IP (reference: Linux basics: set a static IP on Ubuntu), so you can add it as hostname on hosts file in your Windows machine (reference: Hosts file in Windows), in order to access it as a name like "rosvm" and not by IP.


I recommend to use calibre -  supported input formats are:

MOBI, LIT, PRC, EPUB, ODT, HTML, CBR, CBZ, RTF, TXT, PDF and LRS.

To install the latest version of calibre - currently  2.40.0 - open a terminal and execute:

(recommended)

sudo -v && wget -nv -O- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kovidgoyal/calibre/master/setup/linux-installer.py | sudo python -c "import sys; main=lambda:sys.stderr.write('Download failed\n'); exec(sys.stdin.read()); main()"

Alternatively run:

(not recommended)

sudo apt-get install calibre

You can also install from SoftwareCentre

Refer http://calibre-ebook.com/download_linux


How to install Lubuntu without GUI installer?

Server version uses the text installer. Maybe it's easier to go on with it and install later a meta-package like lubuntu-desktop


Nvidia settings get reset every time I open NVIDIA X Server

You may need to ensure that the .confg file that is being written to has correct permissions.

Try running your Nvidia settings settings as Root with the sudo command, or changing the permissions of the file to suit the user you wish to access the file.


RT3090 wifi stopped working and reinstalling didn't fix it on Ubuntu 16.04

The Ralink RT3090 is currently supported by the kernel. via the rt2800pci module that your output indicates is loaded. See the comment by Fabby.


Ubuntu 18.04: scanner program does not detect scanner

Add a link & a file
The problem stems from missing symbolic links in the /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/sane (or, more generically, /usr/lib/$(uname -m)-linux-gnu/sane) to the Epson driver directory.
$ sudo ln -sfr /usr/lib/sane/libsane-epkowa* /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/sane

Furthermore, a 55-epson-libsane.rules file needs to be added to the /etc/udev/rules.d/ directory with the following contents:
    SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="usb_device", MODE=="0666"
    SUBSYSTEM=="usb_device", MODE=="0666"

    ATTRS{manufacturer}=="EPSON", DRIVERS=="usb", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="04b8", ATTRS{idProduct}=="*", MODE="0666"

    ATTRS{idVendor}=="04b8", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0137", MODE="0666", GROUP="scanner", ENV{libsane_matched}="yes"

After power cycling the scanner, the following command should now properly list the connected scanner:
$ scanimage -L

device `epkowa:interpreter:003:002' is a Epson GT-S50 flatbed scanner

Use xsane or the proprietary Epson iscan to operate the scanner.


Ubuntu 12.04 x64 - Very slow response and sluggishness

I had similar issue after upgrading my 10.04 to a 12.04 when running in gnome-classic (didn't get time to experience gnome-shell or unity yet)

laptop with i7 cpu, 8G of ram, nvidia 880M, so a pretty good configuration
using compiz but most of effects are disabled (yet, the Expo plugin is a must for me)
normal windows operations are very slow, especially swapping from one window to another, or switching desktop
things gets even worse with the number of windows opened

I tested lot of things :

upgrading nvidia drivers to 304.43 thanks to the "xorg-edgers" PPA ==> Better results but finally it just need more time to get the same slow down.
disabling most "sync to vblank" ==> no particular improvements

Finally, I disabled the Compiz "Place windows" pluggins, and every things start to be fast again !

I didn't check more, but there are definitely something wrongs with Compiz and Gnome3.4. Hopefully, it looks like only restricted to some pluggins.


Ubuntu won't start (12.10 with Windows 8 dual boot)

You only need to install "Windows 8" first before installing "Ubuntu" . .
because the major bootloader is in the "windows 8" and then install "Ubuntu" using "Wubi"


Soyuz is Launchpad's "archive management infrastructure". You use it to compile packages for PPAs, but it's also used for all the regular packages that go into the Ubuntu releases and the official repositories.

Briefly, the process as described by one of Soyuz's lead maintainers is:

  It starts with the 'upload server', an FTP daemon that receives source packages uploaded by users using dput/dupload.
  Sources are them passed to the 'upload processor' which verifies their consistency (packaging metadata) and stores its information in the Launchpad database.
  the publication of the source automatically creates a build request, which is dealt by the 'build dispatching' component.
  it passes the source to a 'builder', an isolated environment for running debuild.
  Binaries resulted from the build process come back to the upload processor and are checked before getting stored in Launchpad.

Here's a very-comprehensive flowchart of Soyuz:


How Do I Update My Intel Graphics Driver On Ubuntu 15.04

The graphic driver for your Intel Processor is a package called xserver-xorg-video-intel. The latest version available for 15.04 is 2:2.99.917-1~exp1ubuntu2.2, you can check the driver version on your system with the following commands in your terminal (Ctrl+Alt+t):

  dpkg -l | grep xserver-xorg-video-intel

It will get updated if you do the normal upgrade regularly. You can also do the upgrade with the following commands:

  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

If you want to try the latest driver (which is not available in Ubuntu yet), you can download it from:
https://01.org/linuxgraphics


Proper method for Dictionary installation in ubuntu

Artha is a thesaurus but also contains a LOT of definitions, it can really act like a dictionary. It is based on WordNet which is a large lexical database of English nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs groups as synonyms.

Run the below command on terminal to install artha,

sudo apt-get install artha


How can I download Linux on my Toshiba laptop, where windows 7 just died?

Installing Ubuntu is easy! First,

Grab Your Gear

You'll need a blank USB drive with at least 2 GB of free space on it.

Now download your prefered version of Ubuntu (currently 14.04.3 LTS or 15.10) http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop

And finally grab the Universal USB Installer program: http://www.pendrivelinux.com/universal-usb-installer-easy-as-1-2-3/

Creating a Startup Disk

Plug in your USB drive
Open the Universal USB Installer
Select 'Ubuntu' as the distribution, select your .iso file, select your USB drive, and click Create.

Booting from USB

Here's where it gets a little tricky. Every computer is different, so I can't give exact instructions. When turning your computer on, look for the boot selection screen. Not all computers have one.

If you don't have one, enter BIOS (usually F2 or F8), enable USB boot if needed, and re-arrange your boot options so that USB drive is at the top. Now reboot your computer with the USB drive plugged in, and you should boot into the installer.

Installing Ubuntu

The installer may take some time to load, but once it does, it will give you step-by-step instructions on how to install Ubuntu. Since you don't have anything else on the laptop, you can select the option to erase everything and install Ubuntu.

And that's it! The rest of the instructions are in the installer, and everything else should work like a charm! Unless, of course, it doesn't, in which case we'll be here to help with any problems.


When you are using Firefox (this works for mp4 Videos)
Note: First disable your flash plugin in the plugin settings.
Then do this:

Press Ctrl+shift+q

Play the video

You will see below in the debug window a file being pulled. If it is an mp4 file then just copy the link address and do wget.
For example:
 wget http://89.40.181.19/ivuqjoscyu2qedz7nljb7fjfaainuqpqufkh5xk6kkheqzdny3rzc2uhnkka/v.mp4 -O outputfile.mp4

Then your download will begin.


Messaging indicator does not obey applications-blacklist

You can use Configuration Editor to disable notifications where this option is available. For example:

To disable Empathy notifications : uncheck /apps/empathy/notifications/notifications_enabled.
To disable Gwibber notifications : uncheck /apps/gwibber/preferences/show_notifications.


When I upload files on Firefox, does it reveal the file location?

No, the path to the file (including the directory it is in) is hidden, or truncated. All they will see is the name of the file after /fakepath/filename.


emacs keeps popping up "buffer menu" when I don't want it

I just had the same problem. You can figure out what keystrokes just took place (after dismissing the window) with "C-h l". In my case it was C-mouse-1 because on my laptop the mouse pad is right where I like to rest my palms when typing. Even though I use a regular mouse, it still processes the mouse pad. You can disable it by using global-set-key to make C-mouse-1 undefined (simply provide no new setting).


If you don't want to getting errors, you must use stable version not dev versions.

http://www.google.com/chrome


Is there a program to see channels used by Wi-Fi networks (similar to Vistumbler or inSSIDer) in Ubuntu?

In addition to Rozza's answer you can group the results and see how much each channel is used:
sudo iwlist wlan0 scan | grep Frequency | sort | uniq -c | sort -n

Example output would be like this (first column is count, see uniq -c ):
  1                     Frequency:2.422 GHz (Channel 3)
  1                     Frequency:2.432 GHz (Channel 5)
  1                     Frequency:5.26 GHz (Channel 52)
  1                     Frequency:5.5 GHz (Channel 100)
  2                     Frequency:2.452 GHz (Channel 9)
  2                     Frequency:2.472 GHz (Channel 13)
  3                     Frequency:2.447 GHz (Channel 8)
  6                     Frequency:2.437 GHz (Channel 6)
  6                     Frequency:2.462 GHz (Channel 11)
  7                     Frequency:5.18 GHz (Channel 36)
  8                     Frequency:2.412 GHz (Channel 1)

If you get something like  wlan0 Interface doesn't support scanning, you have to replace wlan0 with the interface specified  after running ifconfig (e.g. wlp2s0 etc).


You should check your about:gpu section in Chrome/ium. In older PC's HW Acceleration is disabled by default and you only can enable it by overriding the settings in the about:flags.

Open the about:flags in your address bar
Look for Override software redendering list
Click "Enable"
Restart Chrome/ium


Broadcom BCM4318 Wireless LAN Controller ISSUE

Are you still trying to connect to the wireless network in network manager and not the wired one? Try to connect to wired network in network manager. If you deleted or edited your wired configuration in wifi try setting that up again. OR you could have simply disconnected from it. Could help get to your network manager if you stated the flavor.

If you really do truly need to disable wireless a way to try to do that is rfkill http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Documentation/rfkill use rfkill list to find the device you want to block then rfkill block to block it if you really want to block wifi but you will still need a configured wired connection.


Why does a Samba Share Printer Not Prompt For User and Password In windows 7 clients?

Are you sharing the printer through Samba or CUPS? I have made the mistake before of sharing it through CUPS before which does not ask for a user name or password. If you're adding the printer through Devices and Printers and then adding the printer by doing http://ipaddress:631/printers/nameOfPrinter chances are pretty good you've set up sharing in CUPS rather than Samba. You should also check the settings located at localhost:631/admin This will have check boxes, make sure you don't have the one labeled "Share printers connected to this system" enabled.


webupd8 oracle-java-7-installer failing with 404

Since Oracle has moved the download link and requires login credentials to download older versions of java, follow the following steps to install java 7:

1) Download latest java version from http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/java-archive-downloads-javase7-521261.html. You will need to login.

2) Delete jdk-7uXX-linux-x64.tar.gz from /var/cache/oracle-jdk7-installer/ where XX is the version number.

3) Move the downloaded version into /var/cache/oracle-jdk7-installer/ using the following command

sudo mv jdk-7u(downloadedversion)-linux-x64.tar.gz /var/cache/oracle-jdk7-installer/

4) Now run the following command

sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer


Different terminal profiles for different directories/applications

No, you cannot do this. Profiles in gnome-terminal are not automatically selectable in any way. You will have to manually select the profile to use in each terminal window or tab you open.


You need a live DVD/USB running gparted to do this since you have to unmount and resize /dev/sda4 first before you can expand /dev/sda5.

Once you have gparted running from a live environment, you should do the following:

If the swap partition is mounted, unmount it by right clicking on it (swap) and choose swapoff.
Right-click on /dev/sda4, choose resize, and expand /dev/sda4 to engulf the unallocated space. If you did it right, the unallocated space will show up inside /dev/sda4, just after /dev/sda5.
Right-click on /dev/sda5, choose resize, and expand /dev/sda5. Leave the 7 MB space between /dev/sda5 and /dev/sda8 as is. See my note below.
This is optional, but for completeness sake, you can right-click on the swap partition, and choose swapon. This will remount the swap partition.

Although this process won't entail moving data, it would still be a good idea to back up your data just in case something bad happens.

IMPORTANT NOTE: I would leave the 7 MB unallocated space as is if I were you because incorporating it into /dev/sda5 would require moving all the data from /dev/sda5 to the left. This is both time-consuming and risky.


Fastest and cleanest way to update an environment variable for the new Bash instances?

The next comment exists in ~/.profile file by default:

# ~/.profile: executed by the command interpreter for login shells.
# This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login
# exists.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files for examples.
# the files are located in the bash-doc package.

That's why it was not work for you.

Additionally, .profile contain next code by default

# if running bash
if [ -n "$BASH_VERSION" ]; then
    # include .bashrc if it exists
    if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ]; then
    . "$HOME/.bashrc"
    fi
fi

This code invoke your ~/.bashrc if it exists.

For your purposes, adding variable export to the end of .bashrc file, I think, is a best solution.


You might consider exFAT. You didn't say whether this is a USB Flash drive or rotational hard drive. If you are talking Flash, over time you might want to reduce unnecessary writing to it so that means avoiding ext4 journaling, for example. I have read exFAT has some advantages for Flash drives, and it avoids some of the big problems (mainly file size limitations) in FAT32. The downside (in my experience) is it's not as stable in Ubuntu as the other filesystems. The big upside (I have read) is it is supported in all recent versions of Windows. (I don't use Windows so I cannot say.)

To install exFAT support in Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utils

[in the Universe repository for Ubuntu 12.04 and later]

To format an exFAT partition:

sudo mkfs.exfat -n LABEL /dev/sdXn

or

sudo mkexfatfs -n LABEL /dev/sdXn

To change the label:

sudo exfatlabel /dev/sdXn NEW_LABEL

Get filesystem info:

sudo dumpexfat /dev/sdXn

To check the partition:

sudo fsck.exfat /dev/sdXn

or

sudo exfatfsck /dev/sdXn


Problem setting up Environment for 'make' command execution

Try:

sudo DEVKITARM=$DEVKITPRO/devkitARM make

Though I must say that make doesn't usually require sudo. You probably need it because you're working off /opt, where files are usually owned by root, so it might be simpler to chown as neeeded and run just make:

sudo chown $USER /opt/devkitPro/ -R


Open Printers, Right Click on the printer in question and choose Properties, Select Job Options and insure Copies is set to 1 as shown:


10.04 server won't boot off latest kernel

I think your problem is that your /boot mountpoint is not the one that GRUB points to.
Try to mount /boot partition to some temporary mountpoint such as /media/boot and see if it has the same files as /boot.

if it's true, one thing you can do is to mount boot partition to /boot (put it in /etc/fstab) but stay careful because any mistake can cause your computer be unbootable.

Another option is to run grub-install so GRUB code in MBR (Stage 1) will point to your current /boot ("/" mountpoint).

Another thing you mentioned, you might have problem with 80MB partition. you have to make sure you have kind of maximum of 2 kernel versions.

Read about those things before.


Is there a "Sync Locally?" option in the Android app of Ubuntu One?

There is no "sync locally" or "sync folder" option on the android UbuntuOne Files app. Should be a high priority feature add, in my book. UbuntuOne does the automatic photo upload quite well. It just needs a way to do the same for other user-selected SDCARD folders.  Seems silly that you have to add files individually rather than entire folders, like you can with UbuntuOne on Linux/Ubuntu or various cloud storage apps for Windows.


MySQL prevents server from booting unless password is entered

MySQL doesn't need a password to start but it's probably rather MySQL trying to access a password protected SSL certificate, you can remove the password from the certificate and this should allow your server to start unmanned.


dual display problems on ubuntu 15.10 with amd r9 380

I've got exactly the same problem as you do. Installing the proprietary drivers, like the Internet suggested, didn't help one bit (it caused even more problems).

I've found that this problem only occurs when using HDMI + DVI, not when using HDMI + DisplayPort. So, that kinda solves it for me..


Synaptic Touchpad Not Working After 18.04LTS Clean Install

Solved guys.....

Had to add in the boot options (etc/default/grub):

i8042.notimeout i8042.nomux

according this source:
Fujitsu Lifebook AH544 Touch Pad Not Working In Ubuntu 14.04

μρ .


After re-installing wubi/ubuntu and use old root.disk , I get thrown to Grub shell

Assuming the root.disk you copied wasn't corrupted... you can boot it as follows:

search -s -f -n /ubuntu/disks/root.disk
probe --set=diskuuid -u $root
loopback loop0 /ubuntu/disks/root.disk
set root=(loop0)
linux /vmlinuz root=UUID=$diskuuid loop=/ubuntu/disks/root.disk ro quiet splash
initrd /initrd.img
boot

After booting, make sure you run sudo update-grub

Wubi corruption is most common on the NTFS file system (requires running chkdsk /f from Windows), followed by corruption of the internal ext3/4 filesystem. Since you managed to copy your root.disk you may have internal corruption, in which case running fsck root.disk might fix it. But this depends on when you made your backup (i.e. before or after you encountered the problem).

To fsck the root.disk you can boot an Ubuntu DVD/USB, Select Try Ubuntu, then mount the partition that contains the root.disk and then fsck it as follows (this example assumes the root.disk is on /dev/sda1):

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
sudo fsck -fyv /mnt/ubuntu/disks/root.disk

(flags are force, yes to fix automatically, verbose)

Note: fsck used in this way does make changes and there's no guarantee it will fix everything without data loss. If recovery is critical it's possible to use photorec (which comes bundled when you install testdisk i.e. sudo apt-get install testdisk). Photorec is read-only (non-destructive) and can recover raw files. The downside is that the recovered files are not named, and it recovers everything e.g. deleted files as well - so there is some manual effort to find the ones you are after. It does provide the ability to target specific file types though. See here for more info: Recover deleted data with rm -rf?


Problem with dual boot(14.04&8.1); Windows 8.1 not working

I had the same problem, as my BIOS is UEFI (new PCs have this):

1- I created the bootable pendrive with windows 8.1 with GPT for UEFI BIOS.
2- reinstall windows 8.1, I created two partitions on my HD, one for windoes and the other as free space (this will be used as linux partiion), windows installer creates several extra partition to install de boot, etc. after that windows 8.1 is installed.

3- reboot the system and boot with your linux pendrive.
4- When the installation of linux shows the partition where you want to install the OS, you have to create a partition for boot as ext4 in /boot, and another partition in / , to install the OS with ext4, and another partition for swap. you can choose these option easily in the installation screen.

5 Install

I hope it helps.


How can I make dconf-editor changes persistent for reboot?

This post sounds similar to your issue (and with an apparent resolution).

In short, editing com/canonical/unity/interface/cursor-scale-factor in dconf-editor appears to persist cursor size.


Just needed to reinstall the AMD Catalyst driver!


how can I recover /etc/security/limits.conf?

On MY system, /etc/security/limits.conf is part of the libpam-modules:amd64 package:

$ dpkg -S /etc/security/limits.conf
libpam-modules:amd64: /etc/security/limits.conf

and I have the following packages installed:

$ dpkg -l libpam\*| grep -Ev '^un'
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name                       Version                Architecture Description
+++-==========================-======================-============-==========================================================
ii  libpam-cgfs                2.0.8-0ubuntu1~16.04.2 amd64        PAM module for managing cgroups for LXC
ii  libpam-gnome-keyring:amd64 3.18.3-0ubuntu2        amd64        PAM module to unlock the GNOME keyring upon login
ii  libpam-modules:amd64       1.1.8-3.2ubuntu2       amd64        Pluggable Authentication Modules for PAM
ii  libpam-modules-bin         1.1.8-3.2ubuntu2       amd64        Pluggable Authentication Modules for PAM - helper binaries
ii  libpam-runtime             1.1.8-3.2ubuntu2       all          Runtime support for the PAM library
ii  libpam-systemd:amd64       229-4ubuntu21.2        amd64        system and service manager - PAM module
ii  libpam0g:amd64             1.1.8-3.2ubuntu2       amd64        Pluggable Authentication Modules library

So I'd reinstall libpam-modules:amd64:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libpam-modules:amd64

As my system might differ from yours, I must say YMMV.


How to undo echo deb package repository?

Your first command:

echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu xenial/mongodb-org/3.0 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.0.list

This will create a file mongodb-org-3.0.list in directory /etc/apt/sources.list.d.

If this is causing some problem then simplest solution is to simple remove it.

sudo rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.0.list
sudo apt-get update

Safe solution:

Files in sources.list.d are important so it is good practice to make a backup instead of completely removing it. Make a backup in case you need it in future (you never know).

sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.0.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.0.list.bak
sudo apt-get update


You "updated Gnome-Shell to 3.8" probably using the GNOME3 Team PPA. But GNOME is more than Shell and consists in multiple packages, many of which are updated by the PPA (just use the dropdown menu to filter "Published in" to "Raring" and click filter).

You'll see that currently this PPA provides gnome-shell 3.8.1-0ubuntu1~raring1.2, but you'll also see that there is no gnome-control-center entry. This is because the Ubuntu GNOME Team is still working on integrating Gnome Control Center 3.8.x. Which means you just have what ships with vanilla Ubuntu, which is 3.6 and which doesn't have the Privacy module you are looking for.

Your two options are:

To wait for the development to finish (then when it's ready it will arrive from the PPA as an update).
To try the unstable / WIP / will break your system development version through the GNOME3 Staging PPA (very unrecommended unless on a test machine you are ready to break)


Enabling Compiz "Extra" or "Normal" effects per bash in Ubuntu

I peeked at the sources for gnome-control-center (apt-get source gnome-control-center,  then in debian/patches/95_desktop-effects-integration.patch it adds the options for the compiz settings.). For setting Normal effects it appears to unset /apps/compiz/general/allscreens/options/active_plugins (in gconf) so that it gets set back to default. For Extra effects it appears to do the same, but appends shift and wobbly to the list.

To browse and edit gconf visually, use gconf-editor.
To query and edit gconf settings from a shell, you need to use gconftool

So if the above information pans out, man gconftool should set you on the right track.


Mounting a partition on both OS X and ubuntu

It is not a good idea to use a home partition to be used by both operating systems. There are permissions problem in the first place, and also solving these, Ubuntu does not support writing to HFS+ filesystem and MacOSX does not support writing on EXT4 filesystem.

What you can do is create a shared partition with a filesystem supported in both reading and writing , such as NTFS, and use that partition to exchange data between the two operating systems.


unmet dependencies while installing wine

Follow these steps to install wine1.7

open terminal and execute these commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wine1.7

if again last command gives you some error then replace it by:

sudo apt-get install wine1.7 wine1.7-i386"=1.7.4-0ubuntu4"

It should successfully install wine without any problem. :)

Reply if something goes wrong..


Take a look at this question and answer.

To save your session including the buffers that were open at the time use this command :mksession ~/mysession.vim.

To restore/reload your session use :source ~/mysession.vim if vim is already open, this will restore the window splits and files.

To restore/reload your session if vim is not open, open vim and restore your session using this command from the terminal $ vim -S ~/mysession.vim.


Do I lose LTS support if I upgrade to a non-LTS release?

Yes

Once you upgrade to 12.10, you will no longer be running 12.04, and no longer running an LTS release.

The purpose of the LTS releases if for those who don't necessarily need the absolute most up-to-date packages, and would rather not upgrade every 6 months, but still get critical security updates and bug fixes for longer than the 18 months of support given to a standard (non-LTS) release.


Wireless internet only working sometimes!

Post more details. Here's what you can do though:

Try disabling ipv6 (this is the most likely culprit):

sudo gedit /etc/sysctl.conf

Now add these lines:

net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1

Save.

Alternatively, goto System Settings > Software & Updates (under the System Tab) > Additional Drivers and enable (or disable) the manufacturer's driver.


Bluetooth keyboard disabled after logging in

The problem is that Numlock is turn on by default. To solve it:

Install numlockx:

sudo apt-get install numlockx
Turn off numlock:

numlockx off

Personally, I add the command to Autostart, so that numlock is disable at login.

Related documentation: NumlockAppleKeyboard. Note that the method to disable numlock in the documentation is outdated (16.04), as the setting entry is not available anymore.


How to get back the brightness-notification when changing brightness via hotkeys?

If the brightness controls still work, but the display is missing, then it's possible that the keys are going directly to your hardware (bios perhaps) and not being interpreted by xinput or any of the input subsystem.

In both 10.04 and 10.10 the system will show a notification if the brightness is changed via an input.

If you upgraded, it could be a problem with the notifications.


How can I fix a shaky touchpad cursor in Ubuntu on my hp pavilion laptop?

Try tweaking your touchpad settings with the synclient command from the terminal.

The man page for synclient mentions the "pressure" value which tweaks capacitance on most modern touchpads.  It sounds particularly interesting in your scenario.


How will the launcher/button work on a touch panel?

The launcher can be revealed using a four-finger drag, starting in the left half of the screen, dragging to the right. Or, it should be able to be revealed that way, I don't believe that work's been done, patches welcome :-)


How can i install a network scanner to Ubuntu 14.04?

I am afraid this is not the answer you are looking for, but according to this site, your (scanner) model is not supported. Printer drivers can be found on more than one site, but no scanner drivers for your model, at least not in a Linux-native way.

M267x 287x Series   USB     0x04e8/0x3461   Unsupported


This have nothing to do with authorized-keys. It's related to known-hosts file. Check if that file exists and have the rigth permissions <-rw-------> you you. Folder <~/.ssh> should be owned by you too.

I case file exists and has right permissions, look at the IP address. For example if you connect to unknown host (10.0.0.1), you'll get:

  The authenticity of host '10.0.0.1' can't be
  established. RSA key fingerprint is
  bf:95:70:b1:20:69:b3:e6:a4:2e:58:4b:7e:fc:d9:71. Are you sure you want
  to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

In network with DHCP, there can "swap" of IP addresses occurr and your connection will be rejected with different message.


How to see how much memory/cpu Unity is using

Just wrote that python script that does the job:

#!/usr/bin/env python

import os, sys

primary_processes = { "unity-panel-service", "unity-applications-daemon", "unity-files-daemon", "unity-gwibber-daemon", "unity-music-daemon", "unity-shopping-daemon", "unity-lens-video", "hud-service", "zeitgeist-fts", "zeitgeist-datahub", "zeitgeist-daemon", "zeitgeist-fts" }

secondary_processes = { "lightdm", "X", "gnome-session", "gnome-settings-daemon", "gnome-keyring-daemon", "compiz", "pulseaudio", "gnome-fallback-mount-helper", "nautilus", "gconf-helper", "gconfd-2", "gtk-window-decorator", "indicator-printers-service", "indicator-sound-service", "indicator-session-service", "indicator-messages-service", "indicator-application-service", "ubuntu-geoip-provider", "gnome-screensaver", "gnome-pty-helper", "update-notifier", "deja-dup-monitor" }

debugOn=False

def getPID(curProc):
    try:
        return os.popen("pidof "+curProc).read().strip()
    except:
        return "0"

def getProcMemUsage(curProcID):
    """
    Returns curProc's mem usage of curProcID in Kbytes
    """
    if(curProcID=="0" or curProcID==""):
        return 0

    try:
        if debugOn:
            print curProcID+": "+os.popen("pmap -x "+curProcID+" | tail -1 | awk '{print $3, $2}'").read().strip()

        return int(os.popen("pmap -x "+curProcID+" | tail -1 | awk '{print $3}'").read().strip())
    except:
        return 0

def getProcCpuUsage(curProcID):
    """
    Returns curProc's % cpu usage
    """

    if(curProcID=="0" or curProcID==""):
        return 0

    try:
        percentage=os.popen("ps aux | grep "+curProcID+" | grep -v grep | awk '{print $3}'").read().strip()
        if debugOn:
            print curProcID+": "+percentage+"%"
        return float(percentage)
    except:
        return 0

def KbToMb(curKB):
    return "{0:.2f}".format(curKB/1024.0)

def main():
    sumKB=0
    sumCPU=0

    if "-d" in sys.argv:
        global debugOn
        debugOn=True

    if "-a" in sys.argv:
        for proc in primary_processes :
            procpid=getPID(proc)
            sumKB += getProcMemUsage(procpid)
            sumCPU += getProcCpuUsage(procpid)
        for proc in secondary_processes :
            procpid=getPID(proc)
            sumKB += getProcMemUsage(procpid)
            sumCPU += getProcCpuUsage(procpid)
    else:
        for proc in primary_processes :
            procpid=getPID(proc)
            sumKB += getProcMemUsage(procpid)
            sumCPU += getProcCpuUsage(procpid)

    if "-c" in sys.argv:
        print str(KbToMb(sumKB))+" MB"
    else:
        print str(sumKB)+" KB"
    print str(sumCPU)+"% CPU"

main()

Usage:
Just run it to tell you what unity uses (memory usage + cpu %)

-c -> convert Kb to Mb
-d -> debugging is on
-a -> also do the work for secondary processes

E.g.

./script.py -c -d

The secondary and primary processes are global variables on the top of the script, so feel free to edit the script and include the processes that you are interested in.

PS: I find the memory usage of a process by using pmap -x, which I find to be a little... excessive (it says that my X server eats up to 70 MB), but I guess the developers of it know more than I do.


How do I install pgAdmin III for postgreSQL 9.2?

It is in the repositories.

sudo apt-get install pgadmin3

or search the software center.

If that is the wrong version, you could use the PPA:

What are PPAs and how do I use them?

If that does not work you can use the source and compile it yourself from source.


Ubuntu 16.04 won't start with linux-image-4.4.0-119-generic

I have noticed the sames issue today. After the question "A new version of boot/grub/menu.lst is available...." you can choice to "keep the local version" or "the package maintainer´s version".

I have tried both options, but either way after the first reboot of UBUNTU OS there is an issue! :(

Also related with upgrade to kernel 4.4.0-119 (but only from 4.4.0-112).

"
...
title           Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS, kernel 4.4.0-119-generic
root            (hd0)
kernel          /vmlinuz-4.4.0-119-generic root=LABEL=cloudimg-rootfs ro console=hvc0
initrd          /initrd.img-4.4.0-119-generic

title           Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS, kernel 4.4.0-119-generic (recovery mode)
root            (hd0)
kernel          /vmlinuz-4.4.0-119-generic root=LABEL=cloudimg-rootfs ro  single
initrd          /initrd.img-4.4.0-119-generic

title           Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS, kernel 4.4.0-112-generic
root            (hd0)
kernel          /vmlinuz-4.4.0-112-generic root=LABEL=cloudimg-rootfs ro console=hvc0
initrd          /initrd.img-4.4.0-112-generic

title           Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS, kernel 4.4.0-112-generic (recovery mode)
root            (hd0)
kernel          /vmlinuz-4.4.0-112-generic root=LABEL=cloudimg-rootfs ro  single
initrd          /initrd.img-4.4.0-112-generic
"


This issue may be caused because of some application You are running might be a monothread applications, therefore they will use and max out only single core of Your CPU.

Could You post TOP result?

You can always reassign process to the other cpu core using

taskset -c 0 application

It can help to check if You can use other cpu cores with other applications.

To get more accurate real-time info on whats going on You can download htop package

sudo apt-get install htop
htop


hdfview doesn't open files on Ubuntu 17.04

I had the same problem here. I could solve it by installing the HDFView-3.0.0. It is a beta version but at least works.
You need to create an account in the website, then, you can download the pre-built binary and you just need to follow the instructions (as in readme):

To install HDFView for Linux, copy HDFView-3.0.0-Linux.sh to where you want to install HDFView and:

Execute HDFView-3.0.0-Linux.sh
Follow prompts (you need to accept the license)
Execute HDFView/3.0.0/hdfview.sh to run HDFView

In my case, the java version was wrong, so, when I execute the step 3 above, I received the message:

/home/Downloads/HDFView-3.0-centos7/HDFView-3.0.0-Linux/HDFView/3.0.0/jre/bin/java: line 5: /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.99-2.6.5.0.el7_2.x86_64/jre-abrt/bin/java: No such file or directory

Then, I edited this file (in line 5) to point to the correct java path, in my case /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java.

I hope that works for you too.


I can't suspend, reboot, shutdown in ubuntu 15.04

try # init 0 or poweroff for shutdown.

try # init 6 for reboot.


You can try this, open this file

sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

And add this line to the device section

Option"ModeValidation" "NoMaxPClkCheck"

Then reboot


Why does linux native file system prefer 'ExtFS' file system? What is the benefit over NTFS?

NTFS doesn’t support some features that are important for Linux, like Unix-style file permissions and symlinks. It can't be used for most parts of a Linux system.

Microsoft doesn’t support the creation of a NTFS driver for Linux. The current driver is largely made by reverse engineering and doesn't support all NTFS features.


Mistake syncrhonization direction - Unison ; deleted all my files

I don't think so. I'm sorry for your loss. Your best bet is to use some file-recovery software independent of Unison. For the future, note Unison's support for keeping backups.


It is probably a driver issue. You will need to use the open source drivers because only one driver can be loaded at a time. It seems you are using the NVIDIA drivers which disable your Intel integrate GPU.


Partition sizes different in df and fdisk

Resizing Partitions
You can extend a Logical Volume with:

sudo lvextend -L +5g foo/bar

This will add 5 GB to the bar Logical Volume in the foo Volume Group. You can specify an absolute size if you want instead of a relative size by omitting the leading +. The space is allocated from any free space anywhere in the bar Volume Group. If you have multiple Physical Volumes you can add the names of one or more of them to the end of the command to limit which ones should be used to satisfy the request.

After extending the Logical Volume you need to expand the filesystem to use the new space. For ext 3/4, you simply run:

sudo resize2fs /dev/foo/bar


You have to modify the ppd file to make this work.  Full details are given in the answers to this other question.


Can I install Ubuntu on an external hard drive and make it bootable from any other computer?

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu
follow instructions if you are using linux atm

if you are using windows you can use unetbootin or any other iso to usb software


What is the correct way to set the execution command for a Snap?

Strictly confined snaps are typically can't 'see' folders outside the snap itself, and some other locations. There are envionment variables which point to the most important ones.

When the snap is launched, the path is setup correctly for it to find binaries located in $SNAP/bin, however it won't see things outside the snap, like for example (in your case) the java runtime. In this instance you should bundle the relevant jvm for your application.

This could be achieved with:-

stage-packages:
  - openjdk-8-jre-headless

or by adding a part containing the Oracle JRE, unpacked and put in a relavent place. For example if you had a folder called jre1.8.0_112 containing the Oracle JRE you might have a part such as:-

  jbidwatcher:
    plugin: dump
    source: ./
    organize:
      'jre1.8.0_112': usr/lib/jvm/

Then you could set export JAVA_HOME=$SNAP/usr/lib/jvm before execution of your program. You might also want to have a 'wrapper' script which gets dropped in $SNAP/bin which sets up the above and other environment variables required by your application. It could also contain the long command line, like this:-

apps:
  myjavaapp:
    command: $SNAP/usr/bin/launch_myjavaapp
    plugs:
      - network

With a line in the part above to put that script in the right place:-

  jbidwatcher:
    plugin: dump
    source: ./
    organize:
      'jre1.8.0_112': usr/lib/jvm/
      'launch_myjavaapp': usr/bin/


How do I install a chromebook keyboard on ubuntu?

The current version of Ubuntu 16.04 with kernel 4.4.0-62 will work.  Earlier 4.0 kernels had trouble with skylake.  Plug in a USB keyboard and upgrade until you are current.


Dlink DWA -111 USB Wifi card on Ubuntu 12.10 in Vmware workstation

When I run Ubuntu 13.10 on my Toshiba L55 with an RTL-8188EE it works fine, however when I started it in VMWare the wireless card did not appear to be found.

The solution that worked for me was to go in to the VMWare Settings for Network, and change Adapter 1 to Bridged Adapter instead of NAT.  I then saw the Wireless adapter, said OK to save the changes and it worked fine after that

Hope that helps.


This should be enough:

Software: sudo apt-get install bottlerocket via aboutdebian which is also available in Ubuntu 15.04.

Hardware: cm19a usb unit (or serial unit) and a kr19a from x10.com gives you a usb controller, a wireless receiver, keychain transmitter and a lamp unit for the coffee pot. You might want to compare against amazon for pricing.


How to proceed after getting black screen when booting Ubuntu 20.04?

I dont know if you are able to get a shell, so lets try the old good way.
You will need a usb with a live iso of any linux distro, ubuntu desktop will do the job, boot with your live usb into ubuntu desktop and ope a terminal, run the command "lsblk" without the quotes and take not of where your ubuntu root partition is located,lets assume its on the sda2 partition, now you will need to run "sudo fsck -a /dev/sda2" change sda2 with your linux partition, if you have a 3 partition table run the same command for each one of your linux partitions (...sda1, ...sda2, ...sda3, etc.)
If the command detects any problem it will fix it automatically, after the commands reboot and see if this has fixed your problem, if not we will need to boot into single user mode (assuming you can get the system to boot) and fix your display manager.
Please fell free to reply or edit your question accordingly if you need further assistance.


How to get the tray icon highlighted when an email in a local folder is received?

In thunderbird, go to edit, preferences, tick "show in the messaging menu" and select "for messages in all folders". When moving a message by using the filter, it's not possible.


No you can not recover a deleted partition after using "erase disk" you have erased the partition and all data on the disk you can reformat it and and create a new partition to reinstall Ubuntu.


Your error message says that the package is no longer available. Try running this before executing those commands.

sudo apt-get install graphicsmagick-libmagick-dev-compat

Also as a side note try installing packages from the repository if they are available.


After you ran sudo apt update (which updates the package cache), you need to run
sudo apt upgrade

to effectively upgrade the package.
In your case this does not help. The name of the package in the added repository is skrooge-kf5 and you'll need to explicitely install it with
sudo apt install skrooge-kf5


Updating Ubuntu on Dell Latitude E7240 (factory install)

It should work nicely, it have done so on my Latitude E6510.
But just in case download the driver package from dell:

http://www.dell.com/support/home/us/en/19/Drivers/DriversDetails?driverId=0WKFN

Here on Ubuntu you can get a 12.04 image:

http://www.ubuntu.com/certification/hardware/201304-13407/

Those downloads is just in case Murphy raises his ugly head during upgrade.
Your Dell utilities will only be replaced if there are newer updated drivers!
Best of luck.


Since you do not have a proxy, you must have set it somewhere. Check in System Settings > Network > Proxy. Check the entries if they are correct or disable them if you don't need a proxy.


How to check what bootloader my System is using?

Assuming your boot disk is /dev/sda (it usually is), you can look at your boot sector to see what your computer starts with:

sudo file -s /dev/sda

This shows some information about what's at the beginning of /dev/sda (your hard disk — often the boot disk if you have several). For example, mine begins with

/dev/sda: x86 boot sector; GRand Unified Bootloader, stage1 version 0x3, …

showing that I have Grub 2 (which is the default bootloader on Ubuntu these days).

Another place to look is what scripts run when you install the kernel. One or more of these scripts should register the newly installed kernel with the bootloader. These scripts live in /etc/kernel/postinst.d.

Usually, the two methods will give the same result. They won't if you have multiple operating systems and Ubuntu's bootloader is not the one that loads first, but rather is invoked by some other operating system's bootloader.


Preseed file being ignored during installation

The only obvious thing I see is with your apt command. It should read

apt-get install zsh

I am not sure about the rest of the command either.

apt-get install zsh; chsh ubuntu -s /bin/zsh


How to remove or delete single cron job using linux command?

To add a job to crontab:

(crontab -u mobman -l ; echo "*/5 * * * * perl /home/mobman/test.pl") | crontab -u mobman -

To remove a job from crontab:

crontab -u mobman -l | grep -v 'perl /home/mobman/test.pl'  | crontab -u mobman -

Remove everything from crontab:

crontab -r

Nothing is tricky: - is STDOUT in Linux!


you need to also uninstall all plasma and oxygen themes.

First, determine what is still installed on your system by running the following commands:

dpkg -l | grep plasma

then:

dpkg -l | grep oxygen

and for kicks and giggles, go ahead and find out what kde related apps are also installed:

dpkg -l | grep kde

Use the following command to purge (not just remove) all those apps that were listed in the output from each of those commands. You can copy and paste them all to follow the next command:

sudo apt-get purge

example:

sudo apt-get purge oxygen-icon-theme oxygencursors kde-style-oxygen-transparent

and so on, listing as many as you would like to purge from the system in that single command.

You may be able to get away with using a wildcard but I warn you to BE CAREFUL to make sure what will be uninstalled BEFORE you accept the changes as using a wild card often results in uninstalling some stuff that you need or want to keep as well so make sure to read the changes before accepting yes!!!

sudo apt-get purge oxygen* plasma* kde*

To regain control over your system, you have two options. First, install unity-tweak-tool and there you will find an option for the cursor theme and other theme settings not available through the basic settings interface.

sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

A more simple approach (with more dependencies installed) is to use the gnome-tweak-tool instead:

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

The gnome tweak tool is not as complicated and more simple and the unity-tweak-tool offers more settings. Personally, I have both installed and use the gnome-tweak-tool for quick theme changes and the unity counterpart for all the other stuff not available there.


Disable remote logon but still allow su to same user

No, disabling SSH access in the sshd_config file will not affect the ability to login locally or through the use of su command.

Although you can limit the accounts allowed to connect with SSH as described in the referenced answer (i.e. by setting either DenyUsers specadmin or AllowUsers mary in the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file), it would still be less secure than what is considered a common practice for SSH.

You should not go that way and instead switch to the key-based authentication.

If you are configuring it for the first time, it might seem cumbersome, but as you use cloud services, you can easily add a new server and perform test runs (btw, cloud services usually give you a web access to the console if you lock yourself out).

First you should set (or ensure the following options is set in the sshd_config):

PubkeyAuthentication yes

Then you should generate a key-pair on your client machine (ssh-keygen command on Linux machines) and add the public key to the following file (for mary):

/home/mary/.ssh/authorized_keys

either by copying manually (a key is a string of characters) or using ssh-copy-id mary@<destination_server> command which will upload the key automatically.

You should be able to connect to the server using ssh mary@<destination_server> using the key. If you set the passphrase during ssh-keygen, which you should, you will need to enter it, but it will not be transferred between the client and the server. To be really sure you are doing things correctly set a passphrase to the key file different from the password on the destination server.

If you can successfully login using the key authentication (and passphrase), you can proceed to disabling password based one by adding/ensuring the following settings in sshd_config:

PasswordAuthentication no
PermitEmptyPasswords no
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
IgnoreRhosts yes
IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes
HostbasedAuthentication no

After the changes to the sshd_config you should of course restart the SSH daemon (sudo service ssh restart) on the server.

For peace of mind you might also want to disallow access via SSH for the root account in the sshd_config (although if you perform the above, root won't be able to login by default):

PermitRootLogin no


Using dd to copy an img file to an SD card

You should specify:

of=/dev/sdb

That is, use just sdb, not sdb1.


I've had this before (only in Vista and 7), usually for me it falls to one of the following:

Firstly check that the windows partition can be mounted in Ubuntu.

My Fixes:

1) Windows boot loader is wonky, need to do a Windows Repair from the windows disk (then fix grub one windows boot again). This should also tell you if windows is still on the disk and it hasn't actually gone.

2) grub isn't pointing to it correctly, which I've fixed before in 2 ways:

2a) http://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/245 (easier and faster)

2b) https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair (WAY more options and automatic but took an entire ice age)

Hope this is helpful.


Fan speed is normalized by editing the line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

in the grub configuration file found at /etc/default/grub so that it reads

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi=!Windows 2012"

Follow these steps to try this solution:

Open a terminal, type sudo gedit /etc/default/grub, and press Enter
Enter your login password and press Enter. The password will not be displayed as you type it.
Edit the line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

such that it reads

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi=!Windows 2012"

Click "Save", wait a few moments for the file to save, then close the text editor.
In the terminal, type sudo update-grub and hit Enter
Finally, shut down your computer. Shut it down completely: don't restart it.

Once you turn your computer back on and select the linux operating system whose grub file you edited earlier, your fans should be working normally. This solution has worked for me on Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Elementary OS, and LXLE on a Dell Inspiron 15R 5520 laptop.


How to install Ubuntu on another windows partition other than /C: without cd or usb

You can't. You need to make a bootable USB or CD and install from that.


Bluetooth is disabled and cannot be enable in Ubuntu 16.04

I have the same issue, here is the result of

lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 net;
lsusb;
lsmod | grep blue;
rfkill list all;
dmesg | egrep -i 'blue|firm' ;

01:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [10ec:8168] (rev 09)
    Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [144d:c0d8]
    Kernel driver in use: r8169
    Kernel modules: r8169
02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter [168c:0032] (rev 01)
    Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter [144d:4105]
    Kernel driver in use: ath9k
    Kernel modules: ath9k
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 005: ID 2232:1029 Silicon Motion WebCam SC-13HDL11939N
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0cf3:3004 Atheros Communications, Inc. AR3012 Bluetooth 4.0
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0bda:0129 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTS5129 Card Reader Controller
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
bluetooth             520192  11 bnep,ath3k,btbcm,btrtl,btusb,btintel
0: phy0: Wireless LAN
    Soft blocked: no
    Hard blocked: no
1: hci0: Bluetooth
    Soft blocked: no
    Hard blocked: no
[    3.433387] [Firmware Bug]: battery: (dis)charge rate invalid.
[    4.428395] usb 1-1.2: Product: Bluetooth USB Host Controller
[   21.980276] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.21
[   21.980289] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized
[   21.980291] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized
[   21.980293] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized
[   21.980297] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized
[   25.313988] Bluetooth: hci0 command 0x1001 tx timeout
[   27.318026] Bluetooth: hci0 command 0x1009 tx timeout
[   45.819681] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3
[   45.819684] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast
[   45.819688] Bluetooth: BNEP socket layer initialized


Please refer to this link for direct installation by creating partition
http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/install-desktop-latest

or this link if you don't want to create partition(i.e.., directly install and uninstall from windows)
http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/install-ubuntu-with-windows


ubuntu installation does not detect my disk partition by created by windows 8

It seems you need to shrink existing partition to create new partition(for ubuntu installation).

You can use GParted tool in ubuntu live cd/usb or you can do it using windows partition manager.Remember do not format the new partition(it will be taken care of by ubuntu installation).

Then use the ubuntu live usb/cd to install ubuntu.


I am assuming you backed up the root directory in the iso.
Double click the iso which should allow you to browse the contents, and if that does not work follow this. Then you can access the home folder under /home/user_name inside the iso.
It is a good idea not to copy and paste the whole old home folder (along with the old configuration files) into your new installation's home. Instead, you can copy the directories Documents, Downloads, Pictures one by one, and any other necessary folder/files.


Why does LIBVA return an error while trying to init Intel GM965 driver?

I should say that answer as simple as sad: from this 01.org link and this wikipedia link I knew that my GM965 chipset in particular isn't supported by VA-API.


Difficult to say, for you did an dist-upgrade, too. Chances are that you installed dozens, if not hundreds of new releases for the programs installed on your computer, and every second one of these may be responsible for your problems.

You should look into the following two files, and see whether there are any error messages:

`cat /var/log/boot.log`

`cat /var/log/dmesg`


ntfsundelete did the trick
ntfsundelete did the trick


It looks like both manufacturers have made Linux drivers available for those models. I found them just by searching for the model and "linux driver" and following the links that came up.

Search for ET-2500 on http://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/search/01/search/?OSC=LX and you'll find Linux drivers available for download.

Kyocera has PPD files available at http://usa.kyoceradocumentsolutions.com/americas/jsp/Kyocera/download_center.jsp (choose "Legacy Products | Printers" and then FS-3800.)

If you have trouble installing or using them, feel free to ask for more specific help in a new question on this site.


sudo: a terminal is required to read the password; either use the -S option to read from standard input or configure an askpass helper

As @danzel mentions in a comment to this answer, make sure the script is not writable by www-data or else a bug allowing users to modify somehow means you are giving full access on the OS to anyone who has access to the webpage.

When you open a PHP page in your browser, that script will not run with your user. But instead, it's using the www-data user.

You need to add the www-data to the sudoers files to make the sudo command work without a password, not your user.

However, this is very dangerous as you are giving sudo access to your web server, and especially if this is an environment that can be accessed by anyone. If there's another way to execute the script without sudo, that should be your solution.

If not, give access only to that specific script, and not ALL commands!

www-data ALL=NOPASSWD: /path/to/your/script

The following is probably even worse practice than the previous to set up for a web server user, but I will leave it for your judgement as it's part of the question. When you run sudo -S ..., the command will be expecting the input from stdin without the need for a prompt in the terminal. So the command would need to look like one of:

echo $PASSOWRD | sudo -S /path/to/command
sudo -S /path/to/command < password.secret


Possible to Install Hyper-V via Ubuntu Desktop

No, you cannot install the Hyper-V management software on Linux. It is a Windows virtualization system from Microsoft. The kernel already has drivers to run as a guest OS under Windows though. You can install the virtualbox-qt package though, if you want an easy app for creating virtual machines on Ubuntu.


How to work with and manage many open PDFs in Ubuntu

If you use Chrome just google docs to open the file.  I have a right click option in my context menu that opens the pdf or doc in google docs.

https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/docs-pdfpowerpoint-viewer/nnbmlagghjjcbdhgmkedmbmedengocbn

There are a few different extensions for doing this so find the one you like the most.

Now all you need to do is save them to a location with a url which could be Ubuntu One or even Google Drive, but it isn't officially supported.  Media Fire Express gives you URLs for files you upload.

Any way good luck...hope this helps.


How to name a file to be the very first in Nautilus?

The prefix 0 already makes the file to be sorted at very first in Nautilus. What can come before the very first file? No files could, except directories. This is true regardless of locale in use.

File naming

In the following example, I first created an empty text file named apple.txt then made multiple copies and rename each of the files by adding single character prefix. I have used only most compatible alphanumeric characters: 0 A á _ - and  (space). This means I have created 7 files in total, plus a directory named apple for reference.

Note that á is the second letter of Czech, which is found in this article section on Wikipedia. The first letter seems to be same as English: A and a.

File sorting

How will Nautilus sort these files in different locale environment? Turns out that it is similar but slightly different. See the following screenshot for comparison.

Nautilus sorted files in English environment en_US.UTF-8 like this:

apple <-- directory
0apple.txt
Aapple.txt
áapple.txt
apple.txt <-- original file without prefix
 apple.txt
_apple.txt
-apple.txt

Nautilus sorted files in Czech environment cs_CZ.UTF-8 like this:

apple <-- directory
0apple.txt
Aapple.txt
áapple.txt
 apple.txt
apple.txt <-- original file without prefix
-apple.txt
_apple.txt

In both locales, there is no change in order of directory and top 3 files when viewing as list in Nautilus. This already shows that no alphanumeric character can appear before 0apple.txt.

Workaround 1

One way is to create files with name other than existing "apple" with same prefix 0 that precedes the existing one. Creating 0aaa.txt will come before 0apple.txt and so forth.

Using this workaround, the files are sorted like this:

0.txt
0a.txt
0aaa.txt
0apple.txt
...

This way, the file 0.txt would be the very first file to appear in Nautilus. No other files can come before 0.txt, unless user want to create a file name .txt (using only a space character).

Workaround 2

Say if apple is already the very first file that can exist and user insists to not rename apple, there is another way: Rename the existing file with higher number prefix from 0apple.txt to 9apple.txt. This will allow other files with lower number prefix 0* to 8* to appear before 9apple.txt.

Using this workaround, the files are sorted like this:

0mango.txt
1kiwi.txt
2orange.txt
...
9apple.txt
...

Workaround 2 is unsuitable, if the 0apple.txt as whole cannot be renamed for whatever reason. Workaround 1 will be more effective since 0.txt will always appear before 0mango.txt or other file names that user can think of.

How did I test

In my testing, only essential locale packages were installed to prepare Czech environment for running Nautilus in Ubuntu. The quick way to run program in other locale by LANG=<LOCALENAME> nautilus command didn't work. Hence, the following steps.

Install these packages language-pack-gnome-cs language-pack-gnome-cs-base language-pack-cs language-pack-cs-base via APT in Terminal
Go to System Settings > Language and Support
In Language - Language for menus and windows, drag the entry named čeština (word for "Czech" noted by Wikipedia) to above English
Log out and log in again to take effect

Tested using Nautilus 3.14.3 in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Live).

TL;DR Filename with prefix 0 makes the very first file in Nautilus. No other files, except directories can appear before the very first file.


Your problem is here:

TapButton1              = 0
TapButton2              = 0
TapButton3              = 0

For some reason all the tapping options (single-finger, double-finger and triple-finger tapping) are disabled.

Edit /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf:

sudo nano /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf

Find this section:

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "touchpad catchall"
        Driver "synaptics"
        MatchIsTouchpad "on"
# This option is recommend on all Linux systems using evdev, but cannot be
# enabled by default. See the following link for details:
# http://who-t.blogspot.com/2010/11/how-to-ignore-configuration-errors.html
      MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
EndSection

And add the following lines before the EndSection line:

Option "TapButton1" "1"
Option "TapButton2" "3"
Option "TapButton3" "2"

This will bound the one-finger tap to the left click, the double-finger tap to the right click and the triple-finger tap to the middle click;

Hit CTRL+O, Y, CTRL+X and reboot.


You can integrate file search into Gnome shell by installing this extension:

https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/62/journal/

If you also want your recently opened files in the jump list of the appropriate program (very handy) install this extension:

https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/33/jump-lists/

Make sure you have installed gir1.2-gnomedesktop-3.0 before installing the extension:

sudo apt-get install gir1.2-gnomedesktop-3.0