How to get xfce4-volumed to work in Lubuntu?

You'll need some prerequisite packages:

sudo apt-get install xfce4-volumed gstreamer0.10-alsa

xfce4-volumed is a daemon that requires the gstreamer-alsa plugin to work.  Normally you would have this run on startup.

However, for testing I just ran xfce4-volumed from a lxterminal.

If you then use the standard volume control you'll see the popups - you'll also need to clear the notification envelope in the system tray to see further popups.

In testing though - I found that xfce4-volumed was quite temperamental - sometimes it stopped working and the only way to get it to start again was to logout and login :(


If the value for the user's shell is not provided by LDAP, you can set either of the options in the sssd.conf file:

shell_fallback to set a different shell used when no other setting is defined (by default it's /bin/sh and that's why your users get it)
override_shell to force a certain shell for all users


change display setting on headless server using command line

I use noMachine to connect to a headless system. Here're my notes:

# 2may18: setup bionic headless ...  use cvt 1280 1024 to get the modeline
# connect via nx, res is 1024x768, run the next 4 lines, reconnect with nx

xrandr --newmode "1280x1024_60.00"  109.00  1280 1368 1496 1712  1024 1027 1034 1063 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --addmode VGA-0 1280x1024_60.00
xrandr --output VGA-0 --mode 1280x1024_60.00

sudo systemctl restart nxserver.service


Batch Libreoffice Writer file modification

This script (this version) seems to do it.

#!/bin/bash
#
#   Last updated: "Sun Jul 29 23:43:59 2018"
#
# Replace "Unwanted content" with "Desired Stuff" in the document's "Title" (File->Properties->Title)
# **WARNING** Leaves original unmodified "<file>" in "<file>~". Overwrites previous "<file>~"
# modified to remember the contents of the zip archive, and zip
# every one back together
if [[ "$1" = "-d" ]] ; then
    set -x
    shift
fi
while [[ "$1" ]] ; do
    file="$1"
    shift
    contents=$(unzip -l "$file" | tail -n +4 | awk '{print $4}' | tr "\n" " ")
    dirs=$(unzip -l "$file" | tail -n +4 | awk '{print $4}' | grep / | cut -d/ -f1 | uniq)
    unzip -qq "$file"
    sed -e 's/dc:title>Unwanted content/dc:title>Desired stuff/' meta.xml >meta.xml.new
    mv -f meta.xml.new meta.xml
    mv -f "$file" "${file}~"
    zip --quiet -o "$file" -r $contents
    rm -r $contents $dirs
    cmp --quiet "$file" "${file}~"
    if [[ $? -eq 0 ]] ; then
        mv -f "${file}~" "$file"
    fi
done

Make the script, called FixMyTitle executable, and store in in a directory in your $PATH. $HOME/bin is good.

Then, use find (read man find) to pass the names of the files to FixMyTitle:

find $HOME -type f -name '*.odt' -print0 | \
    xargs -0 FixMyTitle

Later, clean up the obsolete originals by:

find $HOME -type f -iname '*.odt~' -delete


How to exclude a certain file type using newsmangler

Using bash, you can use the pattern

/path/to/files/!(*.avi)

to represent all files other than AVI files.


Hplip stop working in ubuntu 17.10 (Artful Aadvark)

My mistake!
Trying to install hplip application to manage my HP printers graphically I download the file hplip-version.run from the website and then I run it, instead of that I found that it would be very easy to use sudo apt-get install hplip (which will install a compatible version with your system).

Then I realized that instead of installing hplip wich will only install drivers for HP printers with no GUI, instead of that I should've intstalled hplip-gui by typing sudo apt-get install hplip-gui witch will install the graphical interface alongside with the drivers.


this issue seems to be common with the 16.04 version after the latest update.

The solution as of now is to wait until Ubuntu has a fix for it.

Check here.

It is the same problem and I suggested him to do an upgrade, I would suggest you to do so only if all the packages support the latest version.

Try contacting Ubuntu for the issue. Else, I would suggest to do an upgrade (not recommended if packages unsupported may break your applications) as it's a faster solution because usually the fix takes time.

P.S: In case it annoys you while working, I am attaching the solution if you need to do an upgrade.

Try using the terminal and do sudo update-manager / go to Software & Updates and enable notify for any new version!

And do this:

sudo apt update && sudo apt dist-upgrade

To directly do the upgrade then:

sudo apt install update-manager-core
sudo do-release-upgrade

In case you were wondering if you could downgrade the update, then check here as he explains why downgrade is not recommended.

Also, there's also a way that you could clean install the older version of Ubuntu(although, why would you do that as some of your app data might be lost).


Pulseaudio not working with jack even after installing pulseaudio-module-jack

browser video is probably not playing because sound is still trying to be directed to sound card rather than through JACK

Open Pulseaudio Volume control to playback tab. There should be drop-down box to switch sound playback to Pulseaudio JACK Sink


The first authentication method needs to be sufficient and the second one required.

Ubuntu uses the other configuration style. Take /etc/pam.d/common-auth and change it like this:

auth    [success=2 default=ignore]      pam_yubikey.so
auth    [success=1 default=ignore]      pam_unix.so nullok_secure
auth    requisite                       pam_deny.so
auth    required                        pam_permit.so
auth    optional                        pam_cap.so

Thus, if pam_yubikey succeeds it will skip the next two lines and you should get the bahaviour you want.

Kind regards
Cornelius


How to shutdown an Ubuntu VM for 5 mins and then restart after 5 min automatically

This answer is for ubuntu. It won't run if your host os is Windows (as muru said).

I would suggest:

watch -n 300 <yourvmcommand> && sleep 300 && pkill <yourvmprocessname>

The watch command will repeat every 300 secs the following:

Start the vm. If it started successfully then:
Wait 300 seconds. If it did wait 300 seconds then:
Kill the vm

Then watch takes over and will wait the 300 secs, then launch it again.


How can I install MongoDB 2.6.x on Ubuntu 16.0.4 from tarball?

It seems "the more appropriate instructions" is missing a dependency.

Your error says that the file libnetsnmpagent.so.30 is missing so you have to install the packages that contains this file.

To find out what package contains this file, run the following commands to install apt-file:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install apt-file
sudo apt-file update

Now, run the following command to find the package you need:

sudo apt-file search libnetsnmpagent.so.30

It should return: libsnmp30. Run the following commands to install this package:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install libsnmp30


MongoDB loads but breaks, returning status=14

After googling around for a while. I found that that is because the permission setting on
/var/lib/mongodb and /tmp/mongodb-27017.lock are wrong. You will have to change the owner to monogdb user
chown -R mongodb:mongodb /var/lib/mongodb
chown mongodb:mongodb /tmp/mongodb-27017.sock

sudo service mongod restart


Ubuntu implementation of Windows "Previous Versions" tab?

You get this feature with GNOME Files (Nautilus) if you enable GNOME Backup (Déjà-Dup). You may need to install the nautilus-dejadup extension which isn't installed by default in all Linux distributions. After setting this up, you can right-click on files in nautilus and you'll get a list of all dates for that specific file. It doesn't work too well with folders, however. It works great for files!


I removed the file cert8.db from the ~/.mozilla/firefox directory and now it works again. I am not sure why this happened. The inspiration came from another problem I had long ago with the same client.


3.36.3 is already in focal-proposed (testing). When it reaches focal-updates, your system will offer you the upgrade.

You can see for yourself using the very handy rmadison command, provided by the devscripts package:
$ rmadison gnome-shell | grep focal
 gnome-shell | 3.36.1-5ubuntu1                   | focal                   | source, amd64, arm64, armhf, ppc64el, riscv64, s390x
 gnome-shell | 3.36.2-1ubuntu1~20.04.1           | focal-updates           | source, amd64, arm64, armhf, ppc64el, riscv64, s390x
 gnome-shell | 3.36.3-1ubuntu1~20.04.2           | focal-proposed          | source, amd64, arm64, armhf, ppc64el, riscv64, s390x


octave gui : typing text in command window is not visible

I had the same exact problem on with Octave 3.8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04

This saved me:

sudo apt-get install octave-strings

Thank you to steeldriver who mentioned octave-strings in this question!


didn't show application, places etc things in ubuntu 11.10 desktop

Unity is the new kid on the block - http://unity.ubuntu.com/ . It's the default for Ubuntu 11.10 and you are most probably logged into it.

Click on the top-most button on the left-hand panel that has a Ubuntu logo or use your Super key (windows key) to launch the Dash and you can go to your programs and places from there.


Output analogue audio (via speakers) through "line in" jack

And I happened to stumble upon the solution here!

A respectful developer named David Henningsson created an awesome tiny software that does the job!!! Even though it's still in the experimental phase up to the point but I installed it and it worked!!!! FINALLY!!!!!!!!

...Now here's how to use it. It should be pre-installed but if not then follow this and install it. ...To cut short the installation command is

sudo apt-get install alsa-tools-gui

Then just search for HDAJackRetask. You'd find it in your dash or if you use LXDE you'd find it under the "others" title in the menu and that's all!! :)

p.s: "Apply now" didn't work. What worked was "Set as boot default" ...still not bad at all XD


Here's the answer:

X :2 -configure

Let's you configure X without stopping it. Found it here: xorg.conf to get current "Section "Device" content


Shortcut: Ctrl+Shift+,
Opens configure yakuake


Can anyone identify the cause of the digital distortion that periodically occurs when I playback audio on my recording device?

The great user OvenWerks on IRC has solved this for me:

The sound is likely two sampling frequencies mashing in and out. Using Pulse, I've turned the profile for all internal audio devices to "off",and, so far at least, there's been no occurrence of the issue after a few hours of playback through ALSA.

For anyone using JACK with the pulse->jack bridge, then the same fix will effect jack as well. If using ubuntustudio-controls to start jack, it will already fix pulse to work with jack.

Explanation: The problem is that pulse takes it's sync from the first alsa device it finds (normally the internal audio) and uses it for sync. The pulse -> jack bridge binds jack to pulse in a closer way than it should (because the bridge was never properly finished) and so removing phyical devices from pulse allows pulse to use jack for it's sync. If pulse has two sources of sync they will clash even if they work at the same rate


If you find a package on https://packages.ubuntu.com for your release that means you can install it using apt and this exact package name, provided you have its repository (universe in this case) activated in your software sources. If you don’t or don’t know, you can do so with:

sudo add-apt-repository universe

After that install the package with:

sudo apt install dcm2niix

When installed successfully you have the commands dcm2niix as well as dcm2niibatch at your disposal, as well as man pages for both these commands. An example command line converting images from /path/to/dicom_dir, compressing them with pigz (-z option) and saving them in /path/to/nifti_dir (-o option) is:

dcm2niix -o /path/to/nifti_dir -z y /path/to/dicom_dir

Further reading

How do I enable the "Universe" repository?
man dcm2niix
man dcm2niibatch


Unity launcher crashes and leaves ghost shadow

Have you tried to "re-init" the unity by command unity --replace or if persists reset everything with unity --reset? Note that the latter will replace your launcher icons with original ones that came with installation (you will loose current config)
If that does not resolve the issue add unity daily ppa and update your unity version. I use ppa version and it is more stable than bare bone one!


How to import music into a music player from another partition?

Players such as Rhythmbox often "forget" additional media sources when they are no longer detected. Your additional media sources are in sda3 ("D:" in Windows. This partition is not automatically mounted.

In order to work around this behavior it is recommended to mount the partition on boot.

There are many ways to achieve that and - typically - advanced users would edit the fstab. But you can also do it entirely in a GUI by using the included Disks tool:

Follow the instructions in this answer Is there a program to mount all of my drives automatically? but I suggest also enabling "Show in user interface" and in "Identify as" select the option Label in order to have a more "user friendly" name. Reboot. You may need to add the sources again because now it will have a different mount point and the programs may not recognize it as the same location. But once done is "set and forget".


The same thing happened to me. I don't know why it happened but "lxappearance" (had to install it using apt-get install lxappearance) run from the terminal fixed it for me.


I would suggest doing a search in the parent folder for . and include all subfolders. This will let you select all the files and then move them into another folder. This will merge all the contents into the new folder.


apt-get vs. aptitude .vs synaptic compatibility

All of those use dpkg as a backend. Neither one uses any specialized database that breaks when you use something else.

It's definitely urban legend.

If you want to install something from source code, cleanest way is to use checkinstall, or install it to /usr/local. Using package manager is better, because then removing that package is much easier.


Screenshots not Appearing in Images Folder

I was using Ctrl+Shift+Print Screen Which actually copies the screenshot to my clipboard and does not save it in the Images folder; but when I used Shift+Print Screen it was saved in the Images folder but not copied to clipboard.

If you use Ctrl with any screenshot shortcut, you can copy it to clipboard and not save it in Images.


I used find / -iname 'wireless.h' for example, and found that most of the header files are there but the compiler didn't find them

So, I copied them to /usr/include/ directory and it worked fine


How to get an Canon 5400 printer working?

According to the Canon USA website, there is no print driver available for that printer.

http://www.usa.canon.com/cusa/support/consumer/printers_multifunction/pixma_mg_series/pixma_mg5420#DriversAndSoftware


Using this application, you can edit what applications are available:
https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/alacarte/

You can use it to change icons as well.


I can't use wifi driver with Secure boot enabled

Disabling “Secure Boot” should not be seen as making you computer less secure, because it’s not. “Secure Boot” is Microsoft-speak for ensuring people use Windows as their OS. It’s just a means of artificial vendor lock in. Ubuntu — and many other Linux distributions — are incredibly secure by default.

Disable “Secure Boot”
Use your computer
Get on with your day


I have Ubuntu server installed with LXDE.  To install E17 Desktop, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install e17

To start e17, all I had to do is log out of the LXDE session, and choose the Enlightenment session.  See images below.


gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Change GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="text"

sudo update-grub

If you are using 11.10 or later you have lightDM we need to stop it from starting.

sudo update-rc.d -f lightdm remove


After upgrade, nVidia card is ON by default

After mixing solutions from Bumblebee not disabeling NVIDIA and http://www.webupd8.org/2016/08/how-to-install-and-configure-bumblebee.html it seems that I have got everything back into place now.

Here are the steps that I have performed (modulo bad memory!)

Purge bumblebee* and primus*
Install nvidia-prime
Make sure that nvidia drivers are installed from System Settings -> Software & Updates -> Additional Drivers. I have tried nvidia-370, but it didn't work the first time. You can give it a try, but in the end I've got everything working with the proprietary driver nvidia-367.
sudo prime-select intel (if this fails the first time, a reboot might help).
Install the Bumblebee testing PPA ppa:bumblebee/testing and then install bumblebee
Blacklist the drivers you've opted for in /etc/modprobe.d/bumblebee.conf. In my case I had to add

# 367
blacklist nvidia-367
blacklist nvidia-367-updates
blacklist nvidia-experimental-367
remove nvidia rmmod nvidia-drm nvidia-modeset nvidia-uvm nvidia

Apparently the last line is crucial and the one thing that got this solution to really work for me (without that line I still got the nvidia card to work, but it turns ON automatically at boot and it won't turn OFF with bbswitch).
Configure bumblebee by editing /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf. Look carefully for Driver= in the [bumblebeed] section. It is probably not necessary, but if it is blank after the =, just put nvidia. Then make sure you have these settings

[driver-nvidia]
KernelDriver=nvidia-367
PMMethod=auto
LibraryPath=/usr/lib/nvidia-367:/usr/lib32/nvidia-367
XorgModulePath=/usr/lib/nvidia-367/xorg,/usr/lib/xorg/modules
XorgConfFile=/etc/bumblebee/xorg.conf.nvidia

Replace 367 with your chosen version.
sudo update-initramfs -u
Reboot.

To test that everything is OK run the command:

`read a b <<< `cat /proc/acpi/bbswitch`; echo "nVidia card at $a is $b"`

You should get

nVidia card at 0000:01:00.0 is OFF

By running glxinfo over optirun, for instance optirun glxinfo | grep OpenGL, you should get something like this

OpenGL vendor string: NVIDIA Corporation
OpenGL renderer string: GeForce GT 540M/PCIe/SSE2
OpenGL core profile version string: 4.5.0 NVIDIA 367.57
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 4.50 NVIDIA
OpenGL core profile context flags: (none)
OpenGL core profile profile mask: core profile
OpenGL core profile extensions:
OpenGL version string: 4.5.0 NVIDIA 367.57
OpenGL shading language version string: 4.50 NVIDIA
OpenGL context flags: (none)
OpenGL profile mask: (none)
OpenGL extensions:

which shows that the nvidia drivers are used by optirun.

Steps 6-8 can be automated with the following bash script.

if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]
  then echo "This script requires superuser privileges to run"
fi

sudo apt update

echo "Here is a list of (possibly) all the NVIDIA drivers available from your current software repositories"

apt-cache search nvidia- | grep "nvidia-[0-9]\+ - N"

echo -n "Enter the version that you wish to install and hit [ENTER]: "
read ver
echo $ver

echo "Installing the specified driver..."
sudo apt install -y nvidia-${ver}

echo -n "Removing duplicate entries in /etc/modprobe.d/bumblebee.conf... "
sed "/blacklist nvidia.\+$ver/d" /etc/modprobe.d/bumblebee.conf > bumblebee.conf
sed -i "/\#.\+$ver/d" bumblebee.conf
sed -i "/remove nvidia rmmod nvidia-drm nvidia-modeset nvidia-uvm nvidia/d" bumblebee.conf
echo "Done."

echo -n "Blacklisting the drivers... "
echo "# ${ver}" >> bumblebee.conf
echo "blacklist nvidia-${ver}" >> bumblebee.conf
echo "blacklist nvidia-${ver}-updates" >> bumblebee.conf
echo "blacklist nvidia-experimental-${ver}" >> bumblebee.conf
echo "remove nvidia rmmod nvidia-drm nvidia-modeset nvidia-uvm nvidia" >> bumblebee.conf
sudo cp /etc/modprobe.d/bumblebee.conf /etc/modprobe.d/bumblebee.conf.bak
sudo mv bumblebee.conf /etc/modprobe.d/bumblebee.conf
echo "Done."

echo -n "Configuring Bumblebee... "
sed "s/^Driver=$/Driver=nvidia/g" /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf > bumblebee.conf
sed -i "s/^KernelDriver=nvidia-.*/KernelDriver=nvidia-${ver}/g" bumblebee.conf
sed -i "s|\(/usr/lib[32]*/nvidia-\)[^,:/\n]\+|\1${ver}|g" bumblebee.conf
sudo cp /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf.bak
sudo mv bumblebee.conf /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf
echo "Done."

sudo update-initramfs -u

echo ""
echo "Please restart your system for the changes to take effect."


Login screen design / wallpaper does not work

I was able to change my background image by the following:
sudo gedit /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf
Then add:
background=/full/path/to/your/photo.png
(It has to be png format.)


Looking for media organization util/app/toolkit

This may be more than you bargained for, but maybe check out "Emby":

https://github.com/MediaBrowser/Emby

https://emby.media/emby-theater.html

https://emby.media/linux-server.html


How to upload HTML web pages on Apache2 web server

When you type in your IP address or localhost or 127.0.0.1 in a URL of any web browser, it always searches for an index.php or an index.html to open. If it doesn't exist, it just shows files on that folder.

  What you see here is your screenshot is the index.html file located in the directory /var/www/html/

I believe you're hosting a website on your local system. Since you're running Apache2 as your Web Server. All your HTML files are needed to be placed within the directory /var/www/html/.

All you need to do the following:

Delete or rename that index.html in that directory. (You'll probably have to do it in sudo mode through terminal, else just give yourself access to read/write/execute all files within the html directory)
Now place your desired HTML file which is to be your "Homepage" and make sure it is named as index.html or index.php
That's it, you're good to go !

Now enter your IP address in your Browser URL, and you can see your HTML file.

  A few additional tips:

  Make sure your Apache2 is running before you can view anything on your browser. If youre not sure, just type this command in the Terminal: sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
  Make sure you, (the user) has read/write/execute privileges on all files and folders in the /var/www/html folder.


Can't login into MySQL when installing MediaWiki (HY000/1045)

By default, MariaDB uses socket authentication for 18.04.
This works when you can run the process connecting to your MySQL/MariaDB-server as the same user as in MariaDB. However, for good reasons, the web server does not run as root.
The work around is to either set a root password for MySQL/MariaDB, or create a mediawiki user and database in MySQL/MariaDB manually.
To create a user and database manually, start a mysql shell with sudo mysql, and run the following SQL queries:
CREATE DATABASE wikidb;
CREATE USER 'wikiuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wikidb.* TO 'wikiuser'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;

Change wikidb to your desired database name, wikiuser to your desired username, and password to your desired password. Note that password should be long and complex; you will never have to enter this manually anyway.
Further details are available in the installation manual of MW.


'unknown host' means that you are not able to determine the IP address associated with this particular domain name. The two possibilities are:

You cannot find the DNS server
DNS server doesn't know of www.website.com

Try doing dig www.website.com, that will give you an idea of what it is that you are trying to ping. Most likely you are looking at the lack of the DNS server in your settings.


Accidentally inverted the colour of all windows

This happens with Compiz. Typically when you press either Super + N or Super + M Try pressing either of these combinations to de-negatize the desktop.


Strange artifacting after dusting gfx card

I was able to resolve my problem. It turns out the EDID that my monitor was returning was corrupt. I was able to resolve my issue by power cycling my monitor (among other things).

My monitor is the last place I would expect corruptible state!

The steps I took were:

Run tool "get-edid". Tool, reported "Call failure" for one of the EDID blocks.
Power cycle monitor
Run tool "get-edid". No more failures reported, "Call successful" reported for all blocks.
Run nvidia-xconfig (now able to detect proper settings)
Restart


I have a "home" partition, now how do I get my system to put my files there?

Ok, so if I understand you problem correctly, you have a separate partition on /dev/sda4 that you want to be Home, and which is now mounted on /media instead. You will have to tell the system to mount it in the right place, but before that copy everything you have right now in your current Home directory into your new Home partition so you can switch seamlessly afterwards without losing any configurations you may have made already.
Step 1 - Copy Home directory
It seems that your new Home partition on /media/levde/Home is empty right now. Copy all files, including hidden files and subdirectories, from /home/levde to /media/levde/Home.
Step 2 - Add Home partition to fstab
Next you need to tell the system which partition to mount to /home. To do that, open /etc/fstab in an editor of your choice (gedit, nedit, kate...) as superuser, e.g. via sudo gedit /etc/fstab.
In another terminal, enter lsblk -f /dev/sda4 to get the UUID of your new Home partition.
In the fstab you're editing, add a line at the end like this:
UUID=$UUID_you_just_found_out   /home/levde   ext4   defaults   0   2
and replace $UUID_you_just_found_out with the UUID that lsblk gave you.
Save the file and exit the editor.
Step 3 - Reboot
Now all you need to do is reboot, and the new partition should be mounted under /home/levde. To verify, do a lsblk in a terminal and check where /dev/sda4is mounted.
Notes
Note 1: It is worth mentioning that the content in the original /home/levde directory is not gone, it is just "covered" by the mounted new partition. If the partition is unmounted again, the original home partition will reappear.
Note 2: This procedure only copies your current user's home directory to the new partition. Any additional new user would end up on your system's root partition again.


Buzzing sound from speakers when scrolling or mouse movement in Chrome or Firefox

Driver and hardware compatibility issue. I'd try a older version of ubuntu depending on how old your comp really is.  Thought though, look at your sound settings first, you may have the mic turned up... :) there is a cool terminal command to show all your sound settings called alsa mixer.
This link is a how to get and use alsa mixer.
https://www.maketecheasier.com/alsa-utilities-manage-linux-audio-command-line/

simple is open terminal and type or paste the following
sudo apt install alsa-utils

Attached is a pic of alsamixer

This explains how to update your alsa (audio) and at the top explains legacy audio vs more recent audio...

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Audio/UpgradingAlsa/DKMS


Why a working script does not execute as a cron job?

One possible reason is that you don't use absolute paths to the commands and some of your commands are not located in /usr/bin or /bin that belong to $PATH envvar in Cron by default.

You can find out where is located each executable of your commands by the command which, for example which s3cmd. Then you can put the commands with their absolute paths in your script.

Another approach is to assign new value for $PATH in your script or in crontab: Why crontab scripts are not working?

You can redirect the output of your Cronjob to a file to debug where is the problem. For this purpose modify your the job in this way:

* * * * * /path/to/the-script >/path/to/log-file 2>&1

In addition I would prefer to use $HOME instead of ~ within the scripts.


How to disable automatic copy when selecting text from the keyboard?

Bah, it turns out that parcellite was the culprit. Uninstalled that sucker, now everything is back to normal.


tunes-viewer is  a good alternative...

here is more on that.
http://www.ubuntugeek.com/tunesviewer-itunes-university-media-and-podcasts-in-linux.html


You probably need also (like me) to add the resume parameter to kernel boot options in grub --making sure you enter your swap partition there correctly and its size is right-- as per: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PowerManagement/Hibernate

However, I experience 2 minor problems after having the "Hibernate" feature working as above:

1) Grub2 menu switches to an error mode (probably because of a minor pm/acpi error) waiting for 30 seconds, as a result of which I needed to manually modify my grub.cfg file from timeout=30 to timeout=0 which might require booting from a live USB disk when there's a major error.

2) Hibernate feature apparently comes into effect on my computer after network manager is shutdown, resulting in that I log in disconnected, which requires restarting network manager, for which I already have this startup script in place: How to persist on a wifi connection after disconnection?


Cannot connect to wireless in Lubuntu 14.04

Several things need to be done.

Remove wicd completely and make sure you only have network manager installed and running you can check with this command:

    ps aux | egrep 'Network|wicd'

Turn power management off:

    sudo gedit /etc/pm/power.d/wireless

(this will create or edit a configuration file that will override the default power management behavior) and enter the following:

#!/bin/sh

/sbin/iwconfig wlan0 power off

then save gedit and close.

Remove all spaces and special characters from your network name.

Run the following command:

    sudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

and remove everything in that file but:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

save and close.

Set encryption in your router to wpa2 AES (CCMP) not TKIP. You will need to be hard wired to your router and 192.168.0.1 typed into your browser usually gets into the router configuration page if it does not you may have to look at the documentation for your router to get the exact numbers you need to type.

Set network manger settings to match the screenshots.

now reboot and if it does not connect post back a new wireless file so we can make sure the changes stayed.

Edit: Second method to turn power management off:

echo -e '#!/bin/bash\n/sbin/iwconfig wlan0 power off' | sudo tee -a /etc/pm/power.d/wireless
sudo chmod +x /etc/pm/power.d/wireless


I tried opening the application through Python (sudo python katoolin.py). I used option 1 to install and update the repositories and after that I tried to install the kali linux tools and all of them could get installed. This workaround can help you maybe (I am using Ubuntu 16.04). Hope this helps.


How can I determine which installed fonts can display a certain glyph?

Try gucharmap. You can search for a given character (say, ã), and also dynamically change the font used to display that character (e.g. Liberation Sans to something else).


Authentication Error: Software can't be installed or removed | You are not allowed to perform this action

I found a suggestion to run this from the terminal:

gksu software-center

It will open the Software Center and I was then able to install programs. It will ask for a password before opening center.


How to remove KDE plasma completely from ubuntu 17.10

You can check for the plasma-desktop dependencies like this sudo apt depends plasma-desktop | grep Depends | cut -f2 -d: >> plasma-desktop-dependencies.txt and can manually remove them by creating list of those and applying sudo apt remove listed_packages and then just install the ubuntu-desktop as it is a ready made gnome desktop environment.
Or try apt remove plasma-desktop && apt autoremove && apt install ubuntu-desktop

which will remove kde components and install the Ubuntu-gnome desktop with lightdm and to make sure to use lightdm as dm, run sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm and it supposed to pop up a window to choose between DMs, choose lightdm and edit $HOME/.dmrc and set

[Desktop]
Session=gnome

to have gnome as default DE.


Not Sure if it's Ubuntu,or my Wifi or probably both?

I'm guessing this might either be a rendering issue or a font issue. Windows has sub pixel rendering, or cleartype turned on by default - you can apparently activate something similar in "System > Preferences > Appearance" then fonts, then rendering.

If its missing fonts, apparently the old MS corefonts arn't available in 12.04 (I have no idea about mint or chakra). Since you have a windows 7 install, you could get a copy of those fonts and install them manually - you will need to copy the fonts into /usr/local/share/fonts/truetype (using sudo) then run sudo fc-cache -f -v - the ubuntu wiki has more complete instructions

Its probably not a wifi problem unless pages are broken halfway.


Is there any way to install ubuntu on a chinese android device?

Ubuntu for Android is not available yet.
If you want to try to do a port for your device of Ubuntu Touch, see https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Porting


Installing Java on computers with no internet connection?

download zip

You can always downsload an archived JDK from oracle. This can be moved to an appropriate position, and extracted there.

Java doesn't need much setup. Setting JAVA_HOME in in a profile file is a good idea, and putting the JDK/bin - dir into the path. However ...

If there is already an OpenJDK installed, or Java-1.5, it can be more complicated. There are often a lot of links in /etc/alternatives for Java - check that out.

central machine as repository

I don't know if it is possible to use the central pc as a proxy. to install the JDK there, and tell the other machines to use it as source. Keywords for a search: repository, apt-get, proxy.

suboption/variant:

Copy the so downloaded .dep-files to the clients, and use dpkg -i xy.deb to install it.

Network vodoo

You can use a few commands, put into a script, to use the central machine as router, to visit the internet from the clients. You need 2 commands on the clients too. Then you could use apt-get from the clients to access the internet.

I don't understand these scripts myself - only in sofar, to adopt it to my needs. :) This is my 'gateway.sh' script, to be run on the router with sudo:

#!/bin/bash
# test if ip-forward is up - if not, enable it:
#
# maybe the network card has no IPv4 adress? Use a static IP:
# if you have a static, well known IP, comment this out:
ifconfig eth0 192.168.32.8 up
#
# Tell the kernel to do ip-forwarding:
#
ipf=$(cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward)
if [[ ipf -eq "0" ]] ; then
    echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
fi
#
# forward-masquerade, script follows:
#
. /etc/ppp/masquerade
#
# might or might not be needed.
# start dhcp-server, older method:
# /etc/init.d/dhcp3-server start
# newer method:
# /etc/init.d/dhcdbd start

Then you need the ip-masquerade-script, which you needn't place in /etc/ppp/masqeuerade, but change the line in gateway.sh, if you don't do so.

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
#
modprobe ip_conntrack_ftp
modprobe ip_nat_ftp
#
iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,RST, SYN -j TCPMSS --clamp-mss-to-pmtu

Just a few lines. Now you would start sudo gateway.sh and wait for the clients. These wouldn't do much:

 sudo route add default gw 192.168.32.8

whatever the IP of the central machine is. This could already be sufficient. Maybe you would modify the DNS-Server, to have one of your ISPs DNS in there:

 sudo edit /etc/resolv.conf

A running avahi-daemon and NetworkManager could interfere with the clients, mainly.

conclusion:

For the third and first way, I know how to do it exactly, but the most elegant way would probably be No. 2, but I never did it myself. So I would recommend to search a bit, or wait a little, maybe somebody knows how to do it, or how to do something better.


i had to run pam-auth-update program and enable auth thru fingerprint there.
Now it works


Awesome WM - How do you set a hotkey to lock your system?

From Arch Linux How to lock screen with awesome window manager [SOLVED]:

  I will also recommend xscreensaver, simply because it has ways of
  letting you know when the screen is locked (it comes with a ton of
  screensavers to chose from). To lock using xscrensaver, do this:

  Install xscreensaver (Ed: sudo apt install xscreensaver)
  Add xscreensaver -no-splash & to your $HOME/.xinitrc (Ed: This file doesn't exist in Ubuntu Unity 16.04. In Startup Applications you add the command xscreensaver -nosplash)
  Make a keybinding in Awesome that spawns xscreensaver-command -lock. This will start the screensaver and ask for a password.

  Suckless' slock is rather small, but all it does is blank the screen
  and wait for input. Input is not even echoed, you don't see anything,
  so you might as well have a locked box and not know it.

When you see (Ed: ...) above, they are comments added by me and are not in Arch Linux answer


I think I fork-bombed my server with a cron job - what's happening here and how do I recover?

Its a common launch pattern - depends on what you need ... you may

increase time between process launch to increase likelihood prior has finished
identify if prior launch is still running if so terminate
create a long running daemon instead of a short running process
launch - do work then terminate - have a watcher process spin up new launch only when it discovers its not running ( a la supervisord )

without knowing the use case its hard to proceed


Dependency is not satisfiable: libglibmm-2.4-1c2a (>= 2.42.0)

Depending on where you got the package you are currently trying to install, you may have the wrong one - your package needs version (>= 2.42.0) (i.e. newer than 2.42), but the available trusty version is currently 2.39.93.
You may have accidentally got a package for Utopic or newer (possibly via a installed PPA), as both Utopic and Vivid have version 2.42.0-1 available.

However, this package from here seems to only need:

  libatkmm-1.6-1 (>= 2.22.1), libc6 (>= 2.14), libcairo2 (>=
  1.13.0~20140204), libcairomm-1.0-1 (>= 1.6.4), libctemplate2, libcurl3 (>= 7.16.2), libexpat1 (>= 2.0.1), libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1),
  libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 (>= 2.22.0), libgl1-mesa-glx | libgl1, libglib2.0-0
  (>= 2.35.9), libglibmm-2.4-1c2a (>= 2.36.2), libgnome-keyring0 (>=
  2.22.2), libgtk2.0-0 (>= 2.24.0), libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a (>= 1:2.24.0), libncurses5 (>= 5.5-5~), libpango-1.0-0 (>= 1.18.0),
  libpangocairo-1.0-0 (>= 1.14.0), libpangomm-1.4-1 (>= 2.27.1),
  libpcre3, libpcrecpp0 (>= 7.7), libpng12-0 (>= 1.2.13-4), libpython2.7
  (>= 2.7), libsigc++-2.0-0c2a (>= 2.0.2), libsqlite3-0 (>= 3.6.0),
  libstdc++6 (>= 4.6), libtinyxml2.6.2, libuuid1 (>= 2.16), libx11-6,
  libxml2 (>= 2.7.4), libzip2 (>= 0.10), zlib1g (>= 1:1.2.0),
  python-paramiko

Which should be available in 14.04 - the offical repo version from here as well also only needs libglibmm-2.4-1c2a (>= 2.36.2).


How to unblacklist ath9k to make RTL8187L work

You can remove ath9k from the blacklist with
sudo sed -i 's/blacklist ath9k/#blacklist ath9k/' /etc/modprobe.d/*

Alternatively you should be able to manually load it with
sudo modprobe ath9k


How to show current timezone near time indicator in the menu bar?

Introduction

The indicator presented below displays current timezone in the top panel. The way it works is fairly simple. Timezone settings are set in /etc/timezone file. All the indicator does, is read that file, and update the information displayed if necessary.

Save the source code below as ~/bin/timezone_indicator , run chmod +x ~/bin/timezone_indicator to make it executable, and run as ~/bin/timezone_indicator. If you wish for it to start each time you log in automatically, open Startup Applications menu, and add the full path to the indicator as one of the commands there.

Feel free to test changing the timezone as show in https://askubuntu.com/a/524362/295286

Script Source

Also available on GitHub:

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

#
# Author: Serg Kolo , <1047481448@qq.com>
# Date: December 23, 2016
# Purpose: Indicator that displays timezone
# Written for:  https://askubuntu.com/q/863952/295286
# Tested on: Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
#
# Licensed under The MIT License (MIT).
# See included LICENSE file or the notice below.
#
# Copyright © 2016 Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
# in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
import gi
gi.require_version('AppIndicator3', '0.1')
from gi.repository import GLib as glib
from gi.repository import AppIndicator3 as appindicator
from gi.repository import Gtk as gtk
from time import gmtime
import os

class TimezoneIndicator(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.app = appindicator.Indicator.new(
            'timezone-ndicator', "",
            appindicator.IndicatorCategory.APPLICATION_STATUS)

        self.app.set_status(appindicator.IndicatorStatus.ACTIVE)
        self.app.set_icon('locale')

        self.app_menu = gtk.Menu()
        self.quit_app = gtk.MenuItem('Quit')
        self.quit_app.connect('activate', self.quit)
        self.quit_app.show()

        self.cache = None

        self.app_menu.append(self.quit_app)
        self.app.set_menu(self.app_menu)

        self.update_label()

    def run(self):
        gtk.main()

    def quit(self, data=None):
        gtk.main_quit()

    def update_label(self):
        timezone = None
        with open('/etc/timezone') as f:
             timezone = f.read().strip()
        if timezone != self.cache:
             self.app.set_label(timezone,"")
        self.cache = timezone
        glib.timeout_add_seconds(1, self.callback)

    def callback(self):
        self.update_label()

def main():

    indicator = TimezoneIndicator()
    indicator.run()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()


'error processing archive ubuntudde-default-setting s_1.1.7-1_all.deb' when trying to install ubuntudde-dde on Xubuntu

You have to request manual overwritting by using command below:
sudo dpkg -i --force-all /var/cache/apt/archives/ubuntudde-default-settings_1.1.7-1_all.deb

and then resume installation
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo dpkg --configure -a


Use the same keyboard shortcuts across all window managers? (RIP bbkeys)

One very convenient alternative that you can use is  . . .  drum-roll . . .  unity-settings-daemon and/or gnome-settings-daemon if you have gnome installed. Personally, I use blackbox and openbox time to time. But I have quite a few convenient shortcuts set in Unity's settings, which some of them are linked to scripts. By setting gnome-settings-daemon to autostart , I get those back in other environments.  Big kicker is that it's a native tool to Ubuntu, it comes with unity-settings-daemon or if you have gnome shell , it comes with gnome-settings-daemon

In addition, you can use gsettings to change settings, such as background picture , or a big one for me - input language.


Failed to start The Apache HTTP Server after installing imagemagick

According to your screen shot you have an error in an apache configuration file. perhaps image Magick incorrectly edited an apache file? Run "apachectl configtest"


wicd-curses will do what you ask. It will function similar to a GUI based network manager but in the console as the question title implies.


Xubuntu 18.04 LTS Install Failure on Acer SP111-32N

This is an UPDATE, not an answer.  First, the machine operates well with one key exception.  It keeps trying (and failing) at the grub install and configure.  This happens with each software update or new software install. The failure does not time-out, it just hangs...though the computer continues to operate.  I have to kill the job...or just reboot.

I just did a software update to the current version kernel.  It went well, right up to the grub install.  I updated the grub.cfg manually and it works well again.  A bit of a pain, but manageable.


Integrated webcam in lenovo t410 not working with 12.04

Try this:

sudo apt-get install guvcview


Downloads killing internet on my home network

I don't know if this may be the cause/issue, but when I was using my brother's network, my laptop used to shut down his internet/network because of it automatically using 'Jumbo Frames'. The solution for me was to manually set my 'MTU' size. This can be easily done in the command line with:

sudo ifconfig eth0 mtu 1492

where you replace eth0 with the adapter, if you are using wireless you probably want to swap eth0 with wlan0.
Or you can do it in your network manager seen here (change automatic to something like 1492, I believe jumbo frames are 9000):


Sharing /home partition between Linux OSs

Sharing home dir is not best solution. Your $HOME contains dotfiles that determine UI and behavior of some applications.

It would be better to mount home of your main OS to Elementary /media/, and then use soft links to directories with your files.

You can also create links for some single config files, like .bashrc, .emacs and so on.

Also vitalization is useful if you are interested in testing different operation systems.


Sound not working on an Intel 5 Series/3400

It seems that the new kernel update (3.0.0-13) solved the problem.


GT 630 Nvidia card HDMI sound stops working on 14.04

You can use pavucontrol (pulseaudio volume control, install if necessary).
Launch it from multimedia menu, go to the "output devices" tab, and click the green "define as alternative" button that is near HDMI soundcard.

If it still doesn't work, look also "configuration" tab and change profile.


I had this issue too yesterday. I had AMD Catalyst 13.1 installed. In addition, I followed instructions at BinaryDriverHowto/ATI when installing.

I booted normally (not recovery) with the nomodeset kernel option (see the "Black/purple screen after you boot Ubuntu for the first time" section of the top answer to "My computer boots to a black screen, what options do I have to fix it?" on how to do this) and was dropped straight into tty1.

There, I uninstalled fglrx by running the following commands:

sudo sh /usr/share/ati/fglrx-uninstall.sh
sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx fglrx_* fglrx-amdcccle* fglrx-dev*
sudo reboot

This should force your notebook to use the open source RadeonDriver, and solve the issue.

As a side note, my computer rebooted fine, and I immediately re-downloaded and re-installed (same procedure) the same driver (performance was excellent with 13.1). So far no issues yet.


Nvidia 384.111 driver install fails on 16.04

Okay I found the issue.

When uninstalling the 1000 nvidia/cuda/cudnn packages, dpkg wont actually remove dkms (Dynamic Kernel Module System) files located in /var/lib/dkms.

Mind boggling that you are required to simply know/intuit this, but Linux demands this of you.

This command solved the problem for me:

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dkms

After this the normal sudo apt-get install nvidia-384 command executed as expected since dkms didn't fail along the way.


Is there a way to create a shortcut for files?

You can write a shell script and have it open the files for you.  Depending on your interface, there are various ways to add this to your desktop or menu.

#! /usr/bin/bash

FILES="
file1
file2
"

# Option 1 - open files individually
for file in ${FILES}; do
    less $file
done

# Option 2 - open files at once
less ${FILES}

# EOF

Some tools will remember the files you had open, and open them when you restart the tool.  Others have a recent file list that allows you to quickly reopen a file you recently had open.


It's because of a file system error.

Follow below steps:

Boot your system with the live Ubuntu DVD or else connect your hard disk to any working Ubuntu system.
Install the GParted tool
Open the Gparted tool
Select your hard disk
select first partition of your hard disk and right-click then select check
From top side click the green mark(apply)
select OK and it will check for errors and your issue will be resolved...


How can I install a later version of solr-jetty via apt-get?

That's because the ppa is set only to offer oneiric packages.

  ppa:gasol-wu/oneiric

I have some reserves about why the maintainer did this, instead creating a sole ppa for all ubuntu versions, but ok, to solve your problem you should follow the same steps but changing oneiric for precise:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gasol-wu/precise
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install solr-jetty

Of course you should purge and delete the old ppa so you won't get more errors.


Why is Gimp not included in the installation image by default, despite the fact that Canonical no longer tries to shrink their iso to a cd's volume?

GIMP was removed for a variety of reasons, including that it took a lot of space (as it ceased being included by default in 10.04, back when an Ubuntu ISO was still under 700 MB).

In addition, it was also found that most users did not need most of its features and that its interface was too complex for simple tasks. It was thought that most people wanted to edit photos in simple ways, so it was replaced with F-Spot (which itself was later replaced by Shotwell). For those who wished for a more serious image editor, GIMP was (and still is) easily downloaded from the Software Center. It is likely for these last reasons that GIMP has not been re-included as part of Ubuntu's default software suite.

For more, see this OMG Ubuntu article discussing the changes.


This is no different than managing any other swap partition:

Use swapoff mdX to remove it from consideration for swap usage.

Then use mdadm to take that array out of service and then delete it.
man mdadm,

and the Software RAID HOWTO is very clear on these administrative tasks.


Extensions are stored at ~/.config/chromium/Default/Extensions. Here's an example featuring the amazing adblock:

jake@daedalus:~$ cd .config/chromium/Default/Extensions/
jake@daedalus:~/.config/chromium/Default/Extensions$ ls
gighmmpiobklfepjocnamgkkbiglidom/  jggheggpdocamneaacmfoipeehedigia/
jake@daedalus:~/.config/chromium/Default/Extensions$ cd gighmmpiobklfepjocnamgkkbiglidom/2.3.1_0/
jake@daedalus:~/.config/chromium/Default/Extensions/gighmmpiobklfepjocnamgkkbiglidom/2.3.1_0$ ls
adblock.js        background.html  blacklisting/         button/     functions.js  img/        jquery/    manifest.json  pages/   whitelister.js
adblock_start.js  blacklister.js   broadcast_channel.js  filtering/  Icon.png      Info.plist  _locales/  options/       port.js

To see it in your file browser, make sure you can see hidden files (View > Show Hidden Files). Or, do like Gaurav says and type in the path after pressing ctl+l.


I've given up on NVIDIA in Ubuntu 64bit 12.04. What graphics cards are stable?

I have nvidia 304.51 working fine. I had problems like you did but found upgrading my kernel first to 3.5.0.17, and then installed the nvidia, solved my problems.


Better if you could add udevadm info -a ... to the post. Anyway, here few things I expect:

Set the script executable permission bit.
Change the rule filename to standard format, example 99-alpha.rules
Check out the difference between SUBSYSTEM and SUBSYSTEMS, and between ATTR and ATTRS.

See man udev


Terminal with pointer support (non-arrow keys)

Pantheon terminal from elementary os, with tabs and more.

Install with compiler (package within ppa is not found):
How can I install the terminal emulator from elementary OS Freya on ubuntu 15.04 Vivid?

Install without compiler (configuring for compilation may be dangerous):
https://askubuntu.com/questions/889655/how-to-install-pantheon-terminal


Is there any way to get the Ubuntu tablet interface on an Intel powered 2-in-1 machine?

As you are using the stable desktop version, you are using Unity 7. Next Unity experience: phone, tablet and desktop is being developed as Unity 8. You have to wait until Unity 8 is officially released for desktops.


Option to boot from live USB doesn't show up in GRUB menu

The install of GRUB on your computer cannot be easily used to boot from a live USB. You will need to open your device firmware or boot menu and set the USB drive containing your live Linux install as the first boot option.

Most PC BIOS menus can be reached by spamming either the "F10", "F12", or "DEL" keys during startup. Depending on the manufacturer of your device, you may have to try a combination of timings and keypresses to successfully enter the BIOS settings. Once there, you can change boot options under the "Boot Options" (or something similar).

As a side note, most devices have the "F11" key set as the boot menu key.


SD cards have a habit of dying, even when you buy good brands: The amount of write cycles is limited. I found MicroSD even worse, in particular when using them in a smartphone; smartphones tend to write a lot on those cards. After a year or two of normal use, they tend to be toast.
My advice is: Trash that thing and get a new one. Those made for security cameras are somewhat more expensive, but they seem to be made for more write cycles.


fakeroot debian/rules clean gave error exit status 126 when trying to compile source code

Try reinstalling make package

if dpkg -l | grep -q '^ii\s\+make\s'; then
    sudo apt-get --reinstall install make
else
    sudo apt-get install make
fi


Trying to organize files by extension using a script (grep, for, foreach, find), but I'm overwhelmed. Looking for advice

here is my script:

#!/bin/bash
#this script sorts files according to their extensions
oldIFS=$IFS
IFS=$'\n'
(find . -type f) > /tmp/temp
for var in `cat /tmp/temp`
do
    name=`basename "$var"` ext=`echo $name | cut -d'.' -f2- | cut -d'.' -f2- | cut -d'.' -f2- | cut -d'.' -f2- | cut -d'.' -f2- | cut -d'.' -f2- | cut -d'.' -f2-`
    mkdir -p $ext
    mv "$var" $ext/ 2> /dev/null
done
IFS=$oldIFS

this script will not sort files without extension


How can I connect to a DFS share on a Windows 2016 Server?

I found a solution in this blog post

Install the keyutils package.

sudo apt-get install keyutils

Now I am able to mount the dfs share without a servername:

sudo mount -t cifs //mydfsdomain/namespaceroot/sharedfolder /mnt/sharedfolder -o credentials=/etc/cred.file


You actually found a bug. It's already fixed though in the upcoming release, so please check for updates around mid next week. Sorry for the inconvenience.


How to automount my Windows partition at boot?

The visual way
(if you are using version Ubuntu 12.10 Quantal Quetza or higher)
Make sure the drive/partition you would like to attach is attached to your system and is turned on.
This guide is referenced from here.

Click on the "Dash" icon on your Unity taskbar (Ubuntu icon) and enter:
disks

Click on "Disks" to open up the program.
Once opened, on its main window, "Disks" graphically shows you your current partition layout.
Now simply choose the NTFS partition that you want to automatically mount on boot, then click on the small gears icon slightly below it. From the menu choose:
‘Edit Mount Options…’

From the next window that is shown, move the slider button to the left, next to the ‘Automatic Mount Options’ label, to gain access to the settings.
Keep the check-marked option ‘Mount at startup’.
Select/Fill the next four options if you wish. "Display Name" is a handy visual aid in Nautilus (file manager).

If you wish to have the drive as read-only
Add...
,ro
...to the end of the field that says "nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show" (without a space).

Once done, click on the ‘OK’ button at the bottom. When asked, enter your administrative password.
If you have more than one NTFS partition, then follow the same steps for each one individually.
Restart your computer and enjoy!


Add without space between

GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER= true

to your grub file and then update your grub by running

sudo update-grub


Where can I get drivers for a Lexmark X5150 printer?

Whilst Lexmark has begun to support linux with a few of their current printers, unfortunately they did not produce one for your particular model.

This was discussed over at linux mint

  Lexmark X5150

  Does this printer work with free software?

  No. If you are able to purchase a new machine, buy an OfficeJet, or a
  suggested printer.

  Another possibility is to configure for several different lexmark
  printers, and hope that one works. Like a lottery.

  Does Lexmark have drivers for this machine?

  No. Their binary driver set does not support it.

  Does scanning work?

  No. You'll definitely have to write a driver yourself.

If you have your PC in a small network containing a Windows PC you could use a technique such as I described in this Q&A to print to it if the printer was attached to the Windows PC.


I had the same problem, which happened after an update of the flash plugin.  To fix it, I disabled the flash plugin by:

~$ mv ~/.macromedia{,~}

which moves away the entire ~./macromedia directory, thus rendering it invisible for Firefox.  Something in there crashed Firefox.


realm leave did not remove AD DNS records

nsupdate utility can be used, which can manage dymamic DNS records.

To install on Debian/Ubuntu systems:

apt-get install dnsutils

on Centos/Redhat systems:

yum install bind-utils

For example, let's use server with name testserver in domain testdomain with ip address 10.10.0.5.

First of all, we need to find it's DNS records :

dig +noall +answer testserver.testdomain
dig +noall +answer -x 10.10.0.5

The result will be something like that:

testserver.testdomain.  3600 IN A   10.10.0.5
5.0.10.10.in-addr.arpa. 3600 IN PTR testserver.testdomain.

To authenticate on DNS server, Kerberos credentials are required, so you need to obtain key for the server acccount:

kinit -k TESTSERVER$

Execute nsupdate with -g option, to use standard GSS-TSIG mode for authentication and -v option, to use a TCP connection:

nsupdate -g -v

Specify name server:

> server <dns_server_hostname>

Command to remove PTR record:

> update delete 5.0.10.10.in-addr.arpa. PTR

After that, blank line needs to be introduced between removal of the PTR record and the A record:

>

Command to remove A record:

> update delete testserver.testdomain. A

Sent update request to name server:

> send

This must be executed before server leaving domain, of course.


Cannot change my screen resolution on IBM server

The command sudo -s actually will grant you root privilege, so there's no need sudo anymore to register new mode. Besides, you do not need sudo with xrandr.

xrandr --newmode "1280x1024_60.00"   74.50  1280 1344 1472 1664 720 723 728 748 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --addmode VGA-0 1280x1024_60.00

Replace VGA-0 with your connected device, run xrandr | grep -e " connected [^(]" | sed -e "s/\([A-Z0-9]\+\) connected.*/\1/" to get your paired device.

It also appear that the gamma error is related to graphic driver problem, you might want to take a look at following thread:

Failed to get size of gamma for output
Failed to get size of gamma for output default when trying to add new screen resolution
Screen resolution issues after upgrade, xrandr ?


Ubuntu 20.04 under VirtualBox does not Auto-resize Guest Display

I found a good answer here: https://kifarunix.com/install-virtualbox-guest-additions-on-ubuntu-20-04/

If Guest Additions ISO is already installed, eject it: Start File manager -> find in the left panel “Vbox_Gas_6.1.18” -> press Eject button
Install required build tools:

sudo apt update -y
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install dkms linux-headers-$(uname -r) build-essential

Reboot Ubuntu
Start Ubuntu -> Insert the Guest Additions ISO: Devices -> Insert Guest Additions CD image
Reboot Ubuntu

This is to contribute to this discussion:
Ubuntu 20.04 VM always resizes screen to default size when booting


How can I block a range of IPv6 addresses?

Uncomplicated Firewall (ufw) runs over IP tables and handles this very well.

sudo ufw deny from 2001:db8::/32 to any

Will deny all traffic from the IPv6 subnet 2001:db8::/32. You can also select ports and protocols to deny, if you need that granularity. As always, see the man page for additional options.

ufw is in the repos, so you can install it with sudo apt-get install ufw.


How do I open an URL from a bash script?

It's a very short answer, start node server.js as background process:

#!/bin/bash
node server.js &
xdg-open http://localhost:9000/


You can't remove gnome-shell-extension-appindicator, ubuntu-desktop depends on it.
Solution that works for me (but You do it on your own risks):

sudo apt-get remove gnome-shell-extension-appindicator
apt-get download ubuntu-desktop
sudo dpkg --install --ignore-depends=gnome-shell-extension-appindicator ubuntu-desktop_1.404_amd64.deb

For ignoring broken packages in Ubuntu (from this source), run:

sudo gedit /var/lib/dpkg/status

This should open the file status (which can be pretty long), you now have to find the package name ubuntu-desktop. Now delete the dependencies gnome-shell-extension-appindicator from the Depends line, save the file (Ctrl+S) and close.

Now install TopIcons Plus and KStatusNotifierItem/AppIndicator Support.


For USB you have to edit the /lib/udev/rules.d/40-libsane.rules with root-rights and insert

# Brother scanners
ATTRS{idVendor}=="04f9", ENV{libsane_matched}="yes"

in top of

# The following rule will disable ...

look at lsusb for the id like 04f9 is and save the file
Restart udev
sudo /etc/init.d/udev restart or sudo service udev restart

good luck
mick


Can I have an alarm when a terminal becomes inactive?

Check out gnu screen. It has the ability to monitor for activity or silence.
While in a screen session press C-a _ to monitor for 30 seconds of silence and C-a M to monitor for activity.

You can change the activity message to include ^G which will be replaced by a terminal beep, but I'm not sure how to do this with silence. You can at least be working in another screen window and receive the notification on the bottom of the terminal.


systemctl : comand not found 16.04 server

Unless removed after installation of 16.04, /bin/systemctl should be installed. It is part of the systemd package.

In Ubuntu 16.04, init is implemented as systemd. This replaces upstart by default, although a 16.04 system can be configured to use upstart.

Byte Commander is correct, but did not post his comment as the answer.

An important exception: If you upgraded from 14.04 to 16.04, then your system is still running upstart, not systemd and systemctl will not function as you're expecting in your question. I suspect this is the explanation for the problem you're having. If allowed to stand, the upgraded system will continue to develop problems when new software is added or updates are made by software that assumes systemd is used because the version number is 16.04, and all the other permutations of assumptions leading to errors that are possible. This is one case that argues for doing a clean install rather than upgrading if at all possible.

How can you tell if your system is running systemd or upstart as init?

# init --help

... and observe the output.

This article will help further, including instructions on switching between implementations of init: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SystemdForUpstartUsers


Should be easy as

cd Desktop/backports-3.18-rc1-1
sudo make uninstall

Reboot.


I believe I found the solution to my problem. I'm not quite sure what it was, but it seems to be related to the hard drive.

First, I used Ultimate Boot CD, and wiped my drive by overwriting everything with 0s. Then I formatted my drive for a dual boot with Windows 7.

I have been playing around in my installation for about 2 hours now, and so far I am crash and system freeze free. Although, I do get an occasional GUI freeze during certain tasks that load the hard drive, but it seems to be no different than what happens in Windows.

While I am not running Ubuntu at the time, I am running Mint 17 which is similar.


enp3s0 and wlp2s0 not found, ubuntu v16.04

In 16.04 NetworkManager.service or networking.service should bring up your devices at boot when

a cable is plugged into the ethernet interface enp3s0
or when the wifi-interface wlp2s0 is not being blocked by a killswitch on your laptop for example.

Things you could do:

Check if NetworkManager and networking.service are up and running
systemctl status NetworkManager.service && systemctl status networking.service
You could check with rfkill list if your wifi-interface is beeing hard or softblocked. The output would look like this:
0: phy0: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
2: hci0: Bluetooth
Soft blocked: yes
Hard blocked: no

If the wifi-device would be Soft blocked you can unblock it by

rfkill ublock <device-number>
rfkill unblock 0 # in my case

If the device is Hard blocked it means that there is some killswitch on your laptop that prevents the wifi card from being up/online. Solution: Find the killswitch and press it.

Bring up your device manually. If you want to manually try to bring up you ethernet devices you can write:

ip link set <interface> up
ip link set enp3s0 up
ip link set wlp2s0 up

after that you could also assign ip's with dhclient enp3s0 or dhclient wlp2s0

To assign ip's manually you can type:

ip addr add <ip>/<subnet> <broadcast ip> dev <interface>
ip addr add 192.168.1.101/24 broadcast 192.168.1.255 dev enp3s0

of course you have to set the ip's accordingly to your network.
Than you would need to create routes with

ip route add default via <router-ip / gateway-ip> dev <interface-name>
ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev enp3s0

and perhaps adjust the /etc/resolv.conf file

echo nameserver 192.168.1.1 >> /etc/resolv.conf
echo nameserver 8.8.8.8 >> /etc/resolv.conf

the latter nameserver is a google dns-server.


You can update the Arc theme directly from Github if you are sure it is out of date. The packaged versions from there haven't been updated but you can build if from source if you follow the instructions there.

If you are using the repository's packaged version and are sure you didn't originally get the theme from Github or similar, I would recommend reporting a bug first though.


It is not supported to create click packages for a non UbuntuSDK target

Get at least 1 GiB free disk space

sudo apt-get install schroot

Tools > Options > Ubuntu > Create Click Target > armhf (i386 and amd64 targets are broken as of now)
Projects > Add Kit > UbuntuSDK
Select it and build against it.
Publish.

Optional

Create an emulator image.
Install gdb-multiarch:

sudo apt-get install gdb-multiarch


Try working through all of the tabs on the Wifi config control. If any options are red, it won't save. I found this on the password field for WPA2, where I just typed in 10 random characters. After this the Save button re-enabled.


bash: .~/.bash_profile: No such file or directory

Two issues:

your main problem is pretty simple;  you need a whitespace between . the source-d filename:

. ~/.bash_profile

second issue you overlooked is that the variable expansions inside the here doc (<<) would happen in this shell i.e. the variables won't be preserved in ~/.bash_profile. So, ONOS_ROOT in your example, would be set and expanded to the $PWD. You need to use any form of escaping on the End of File marker to keep the variable from expansing inside here doc:

$ cat <<"EOF" >> ~/.bash_profile
...
EOF

$ cat <<'EOF' >> ~/.bash_profile
...
EOF

$ cat <<\EOF >> ~/.bash_profile
...
EOF

any one of the above would do.


You need to install  guest additions from the additional drivers

Open up a terminal and type in.

sudo /usr/bin/software-properties-gtk --open-tab=4

it should be obvious what to do from here

and then reboot


Dual Booting Windows7(ulimate 32-bit) and ubuntu 13.04

Well the above comment, and answer will get you going.  But before doing that, you need to make either a bootable DVD or a USB flash drive.  Since you're on Windows now, you can burn a DVD by using ImgeBurn.  Its a free application that will allow you to make a bootable DVD from the ISO.  Or if you prefer, you can use UNetbootin to make a bootable USB flash.

Once you do either of those, make sure you set your BIOS to boot from either the DVD or the USB flash, and then follow the instruction from mentioned in the answer, and comment.


`Kernel panic - not synicing: No init found` while installing any version of Ubuntu

I inserted an extra hard drive, and I did not wire them properly (HDD in SATA3_0 and SSD in SATA3_1). Despite my computer working fine normally, this wiring caused Ubuntu to not being able to reinstall.

Rewiring the hard drives solved the issue.


How to solve the black screen problem on boot of Ubuntu 18.04

what happens if you reboot? Pressing ESC or SHIFT while Grub booting, there must come some menu options

choose recovery mode and then dpkg

or normaly you can use an install-stick an choose repair option.

but be carefull, you give less information. So its a quick tip.


Cannot Install Programs Through Terminal on Ubuntu 12.0.4

try removing wine repo from sources.list, updates sources.list (sudo apt-get update)
And if required add the latest repo info into the list and again update the list.

Try installing wine now.


Hy my goal boot system (win 10 & Ubuntu) does not doal boot

Can you confirm the system is set to boot in UEFI mode and secureboot is enabled?

You may need to make sure you used a signed bootloader when you installed Ubuntu, but that should be all there is to it. Hopefully someone who has installed Ubuntu more recently can comment on what exactly you are looking for.

Assuming the system is set for UEFI boot with secureboot, make sure your Ubuntu installation matches.

After you have installed, you should be able to check your boot options from the BIOS setup utility under some sort of boot menu. If you have an option for Ubuntu there, you should be good to go.

If you are still having problems but you have a boot option for the UEFI shell, I can provide some advanced troubleshooting tips using that environment.


GUI applications should never be started with sudo as you did because they’ll save files with wrong permissions and ownership then. This is explained in full here:

Why should users never use normal sudo to start graphical applications?

Your issue seems to be the cache directory mentioned in the error message. As it’s just a cache directory, you can safely remove it with

sudo rm -rf /home/zoroaster/.cache/deja-dup/d33a3d20343d288863d8447c1af54f02

and test the backup again.


Facebook email account settings for evolution?

From Facebook Help Center:

  How do I set up a free @facebook.com
  email address? To set up a free
  @facebook.com address, go to your
  Messages view and click the "Claim
  your Facebook email" link.

  Your email address will match your
  public username, for example:

  Profile: facebook.com/username Email:
  username@facebook.com

  If you don’t have a username yet, you
  can choose one when you create your
  email address.

  Once you set up your email address,
  people can email you using any
  traditional email system (e.g.,
  Hotmail, Yahoo or Gmail), and the
  emails will be delivered to your
  Facebook Messages. When you send
  messages to external email addresses,
  the emails will be formatted to look
  like Facebook messages, including your
  name, your profile picture and your
  message.

This seems to be the official information from Facebook but it points to receive email from traditional email systems, not to sending from elsewhere but inside of the Facebook web.

I hope you find a solution for this.

Good luck!


What is the best software to keep record of my technical work?

You can try Rednotebook. This is a software that allows to write a journal on a daily basis. You also can include pictures and formatted code.

If you store the data file on a remote site, it is possible to sync.


Merge 2+ USB tethering devices to share internet in eth0

I presume that the two cellular modems use regular consumer-grade cellular internet connections in which case the short answer is no.

Long answer: maybe (at additional cost)

The previous paragraph means that all outgoing packages are coerced to have the assigned source IP address which differs for each connection. IP link bonding is impossible without some device on the other end that can "un"-bond the incoming packages again to appear to come from the same source.

Some internet providers offer such services though usually targeted at business customers and they're priced accordingly. They may also offer other, more viable solutions to the same end. I recommend that you ask your internet provider about generic solutions to increase your (mobile) internet connection speed.


Desktop not showing after playing with compiz

Try following commands in terminal (CTRL+ALT+T)

unity --reset
unity --replace

or instead of second command just reboot your box.

Be carefull with Compiz. Some of the features are not really working well with Unity ie. Cube plugin.


var.sh is not exporting the variable using terminal

I was using ./script.sh to run, and the correct way is source script.sh


How to change a LibreOffice Impress presentation from 4:3 to 16:9 ratio for version 6?

You can find that dialog box under Slide-->Properties-->Page.


Can I have more than one version of Linux that I can boot from on a USB?

Yes, there are multiple programs out there that can help mount more than one ISO file to a USB and make two seperate partitions to boot from. Here are two that I can recommend:

MultiBootUSB
XBoot

Just make sure you have enough space.


It's not a black screen, it's running fsck. (file system consistency checker). It's normal for a computer to fsck itself on every boot. It's usually with a regular fsck but sometimes (I can't remember how often, I think it's like every 20 boots) it runs a full fsck, which is more thorough but takes longer.
Note DO NOT type any of those commands in terminal (with sudo). Mounted file systems should never be fscked unless you want severe data loss/ corruption.
Anyway your computer is telling you its data has a clean bill of health. So, hooray for you!


Fingerprint Sensor not working (Ubuntu 20.04)

I had similar problem (ASUS UX 430U) with "DON'T swipe your finger" fingerprint reader. It turns out that you are suppose to swipe that finger after all (even though on Windows 10 you don't have to).
Proposed solution:

Re enter your fingerprint via  Settings -> Users -> Fingerprint login or via command fprintd-enroll.
Verify successful change either by logging out (save your work prior) or by command fprintd-verify

In case it does not help there is possibility that your fingerprint driver is not supported. To verify this you should try this (original source):

lsusb and find fingerprint reader (my is ID 04f3:0903 Elan Microelectronics Corp. ELAN:Fingerprint)
check for supported devices
if your device is not supported you can open issue on GitHub page

Good luck.


KDE Plasma auto-hide panel, show when mouse touches screen edge with force

There currently is no such setting in KDE Plasma, it only supports checking if the mouse has touched the panel that has auto-hide, and if so, shows it:

else if (m_containsMouse) {
    autoHide = false;

Via source mirror on GitHub for plasma-workspace in file panelview.cpp


How do I install driver for the Linksys WUSB6300?

Please install a new driver:

sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/abperiasamy/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux
cd rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux
make

Reinstallation after a kernel upgrade:

cd rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux
make clean
make
sudo make install

Directions come from here.


How to get the current upload and download speeds in terminal?

Oddly the easiest way seems to be looking at /proc/net/dev. I've written the following to compare that file twice (with a second delay) and then to subtract the total bytes values. In this case em1 is the network adaptor so just change that to whatever you need to look at.

awk '/em1/ {i++; rx[i]=$2; tx[i]=$10}; END{print rx[2]-rx[1] " " tx[2]-tx[1]}' \
 <(cat /proc/net/dev; sleep 1; cat /proc/net/dev)

The output is two numbers. Received bytes per second followed by sent bytes per second.


You can disable systemd-udev-settle.service apparently without problems.
From the man page:

This service calls udevadm settle to wait until all events that have
been queued by
udev(7) have been processed. It is a crude way to wait until "all" hardware has been
discovered. Services may pull in this service and order themselves after it to wait for
the udev queue to be empty.
Using this service is not recommended.  There can be no guarantee that hardware is fully
discovered at any specific time, because the kernel does hardware detection
asynchronously, and certain buses and devices take a very long time to become ready, and
also additional hardware may be plugged in at any time. Instead, services should subscribe
to udev events and react to any new hardware as it is discovered. Services that, based on
configuration, expect certain devices to appear, may warn or report failure after a
timeout. This timeout should be tailored to the hardware type. Waiting for
systemd-udev-settle.service usually slows boot significantly, because it means waiting for
all unrelated events too.

You can disable it by entering
sudo systemctl disable systemd-udev-settle


unity --version > ImportError: No module named glib

Try the following

sudo apt-get install python-gobject


How do I install Popcorn Time from the new Yify Github?

To build and install Popcorn Time in Ubuntu using THIS script. Download and run the script (which will build and install Popcorn Time in Ubuntu) using the following commands:

  wget https://raw.github.com/hotice/webupd8/master/popcorn-build
  chmod +x popcorn-build
 ./popcorn-build

Webupd8


How do I disable auto-maximizing of newly launched windows in GNOME?

For GNOME 3.8 and later, it's

gsettings set org.gnome.mutter auto-maximize false

You can also set this by dconf-editor.


NVIDIA driver 295.53 for GeForce 120m is making things blue

I can't be sure about this, but sounds like it could be related to this bug.
Good luck with that.


Go for Clonezilla, Linux/Ubuntu Does Not Have Problems With That Even If The Hardware Is Different, You Might Need To Edit Few Stuff And Tweaks, Yet Would Run Great.


How stop graphics from being slow despite latest NVIDIA drivers?

My system was so badly beaten up that I decided to upgrade to a still supported version, 12.04, and so after cloning the disk with clonezilla and pressing upgrade (and a lot of waiting), I was happy to see that nothing I cared about was broken, and the video problem was fixed after installing the recommended nvidia drivers. In other words, taking the plunge and upgrading fixed it!


libarb.so & libflint.so.13: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

Your libarb.so is not in your library path. Check your env variable LD_LIBRARY_PATH. Sometimes helps running

ldconfig

especially if you installed the library manually.

And your second question

The missing file /usr/lib/libflint.so is part of the package libflint-dev

Therefore

sudo apt-get install libflint-dev

Why? That's why.


You have a few options for a frozen full screen app :

Go to a virtual terminal (CTRL-ALT-F1), issue your killall command on the offending process, then switch back to the GUI (CTRL-ALT-F7).

or

Create a hot-key to switch to another virtual desktop.  You should be able to do that by going to system/preferences/Keyboard Shortcuts.  Then scroll down to Window Management and create a hotkey for "Switch to Workspace x".

and my favourite :

Still in Keyboard Shortcuts, click the "Add" button, then put "xkill" as the command, and give it a name like "Kill Window", then assign something like CTRL-ALT-D.  Next time your Boxee crashes, hit CTRL-ALT-D on your keyboard, then click your mouse button.  Since it's fullscreen, the click should kill Boxee.


Ok, so I think I figured this out.  It will try the following:

Use anything after '-' in the name of the current directory.  That is, naming the directory 'project-1.0' will give it a value of '1.0'.  My directory was simply named 'project'.
Second it will look for a line '#define VERSION "something"' in config.log, and give it a value of 'something'.  I still don't know why my config.log doesn't have that line in it.
If the config.log file doesn't exist, it will use the current date.

In my case, because config.log does exist, but was missing the '#define VERSION' line, it was simply getting no value at all.


There's several options , which differ in their purpose and complexity. You may choose whichever you wish.

Ubuntu pastebin: http://paste.ubuntu.com is simplest approach to sharing, but  also the worst. The links aren't permanent, as far as I know, and you can only paste code, i.e. you cannot edit it. If you want to just share script with a few friends, that's the way to go.
Ask Ubuntu itself is a good place to share solutions. Of course, the scripts  have to be within the scopes of question where you wanna post. As a benefit, if your code is found useful, community will upvote answers. Keep in mind that anything you post is under creative commons license, so expect people will have essentially full access to the code. If you want to have it copyrighted, you can use explicit license in the script ( preferably open source one).
Software repository wesbites, such as GitHub, GitLab, and SourceForge. Most famous is GitHub. This is one of the options that I personally use. It's not very complicated, you can get around only with the web interface alone. GitHub also has something known as Gists. You can publish a script as public or private gist, and give link to it. GitHub repository is more for a collection of specific files that tie in together somehow, and usually is for large applications. Feel free to see my gists and repositories.
Launchpad. This is somewhat a more complex option. Users can add your PPA and install the scripts via sudo apt-get install package-name. Follow launchpad's tutorials to get started. There's couple ways to upload code there( see discussion in comments below).  Use this as reference for creating deb  packages for single scripts - these can be imported to Launchpad and built using Launchpad before placing into PPA. IMHO, single script that is not over 100 lines , isn't worth putting into deb package and then on Launchpad. GitHub gist is simpler for small scripts.
Containers and snaps. This is also somewhat more advanced option. The big plus is portability. Most famous cross-platform container options are Docker and Snap packages. Docker has its own store: https://hub.docker.com/ I don't know about snaps,though. To my knowledge there is no app store for those.


polkit (formerly Policy Kit) provides two important services.
From the project documentation:

an authorization API intended to be used by privileged programs (“MECHANISMS”) offering service to unprivileged programs (“SUBJECTS”) often through some form of inter-process communication mechanism.

...and...

allows users to obtain temporary authorization through authenticating either an administrative user or the owner of the session the client belongs to.

The first provides a safe way for user-level applications to ask for root-level actions. You might use this regularly without noticing in Desktop systems -- like suspending, or mounting newly-inserted hardware. Polkit is part of that mysterious glue that makes the desktop work.
The second is (most commonly) the GUI "admin privileges are required for this actions" dialog.

polkit is a necessary element in all Ubuntu systems. Removing polkit will destroy your system.


intel microcode not detected in additional drivers ubuntu 17.10.1

I'm obviously late to the party here, but have you installed the intel-microcode packages?

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/artful/+package/intel-microcode


when I select a file in dolphin the name disappears

With root privileges, please change in the following file:

/usr/share/themes/Ambiance/gtk-2.0/gtkrc

from

selected_fg_color:#ffffff

to

selected_fg_color:#000000

I figured this out in a long search for the right configuration file.
I also tried changing it in .local/share/... but it did not work that way for me.


'E:The package libmagickcore4-extra needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.'

In Ubuntu >= 12.10 limagickcore4 was replaced by libmagickcore5. This should however be resolved with your release upgrade after you had regularly installed imagemagick  from the repositories.

In case you had it installed from ppa or locally you need to deactivate the ppa and manually purge this package before you can reinstall imagemagick.

It may also be that you manually had installed another package which depends on libmagickcore4. You will have to remove/upgrade this package first before you can proceed.


How to download only recent mails in Thunderbird?

In the "Tools -> Account Settings", there's a setting in "Synchronization and Storage" to only synchronize the newest mail by days, weeks, months, size...   This might be what you are looking for.


Ubuntu 17.04 : My desktosp pc finds the wireless networks but can't connect to it

I believe you need a change to Network Manager; from the terminal:

sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

Add a new section as follows:

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

After making this change, reboot and let us hear the result.


Do you always have this problem? It happens randomly here - sometimes I can use GIMP for hours without the problem. Anyways, it is a known bug and unfortunately there seems to be no workaround.

See Bugzilla bug 595678 or the duplicate Bugzilla bug 607856.


Ubuntu 14.04 RAM not usable -- mallocate problem

A 32-bit Operating System, unless it has full support for PAE (Physical Address Extension), cannot allocate more than 4GB of RAM, including the VRAM and other minor things related to the particular motherboard and I/O devices configuration: Wikipedia: 3 GB Barrier.

Ubuntu has support for PAE on his own, so try reinstalling again forcing PAE in the installation options as described here: Ubuntu.com: PAE


Thought the solution sounds a bit odd to me (if demanded the processor will normally go to 100%), but you might want to take a look at cpu freq from Ubuntu Software center.
  It is a GUI over cpufreq, which can be used to set the CPU frequency profile.


Touchscreen on HP Envy x360 is not working with 18.04

There are two options as for now, both of them presented in following link:
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=198715#c14

The first option is to patch kernel manually and install it on your system, I've tested it, it works for my HP Envy x360 15-bq121dx.

Another option is to patch acpi table, people in discussion in link above report successful result. I haven't tried this method yet.


How do you share folder on a xubuntu with Samba?

I'm confused by the question - or maybe the answers. Samba - the server part - will respond to any request from any client using the smb1 dialect all the way up to the smb3 dialect. It does that through a negotiation with the client. And it does so automatically.

Is the problem this:

  The machine is invisible for the windows machines. What can I do to
  enable shares?

Run this command on your Linux machine to find the exact host name of your machine:

hostname

Go to Run ( WinKey+R ) on the Win10 machine and access that hostname with a ".local" at the end - as in:

\\xubuntu-host-name.local

Worst case access the samba server by its IP address:

\\192.168.0.100

You do not have to enable SMB1 on the Win10 client to access a Samba server but you will be required to access it explicitly by name since SMB1 controls netbios name browsing - or "discovery"


As long as you don't mount the partitions on your SSD, your Ubuntu system will not allow any modification to them, so there's really no action you should take aside from avoiding mounting those partitions, but since the volume label of mountable partitions is always present on the left menu of any nautilus' window, if you fear you could accidentally mount such partitions by clicking on their menu entry, you could hide them from nautilus' menu: in Disks:

Select the SSD drive on the left menu
Select the first partition you want to hide on the right menu
Click on the icon showing two gears below the selected partition and choose "Edit mount options"
Toggle the "Automatic mount options" switch to "Off" if set to "On"
Untick "Show in user interface"
Repeat for each partition you wish to hide.


On reconfiguring hdajackretask after a clean install of 16.04 'Apply Now' to test would fail yet installing 'Boot Override' was successful

Apply this patch.

Or just wait a couple of days for final 4.6.


Likewise 6.1 breaks network on Ubuntu 10.04.3

The problem turned out to be that Apparmor doesn't like the additional stuff Likewise adds to /etc/apparmor.d/sbin.dhclient3 file.  Only solution I've been able to find is disabling Apparmor for dhclient3:

# ln -s /etc/apparmor.d/sbin.dhclient3 /etc/apparmor.d/disable/

then

# apparmor_parser -R /etc/apparmor.d/sbin.dhclient3


After setting LLMNR=no in /etc/systemd/resolved.conf
Have you tried restarting the systemd resolved service issuing the command below?

systemctl restart systemd-resolved.service


Because Bash Here strings add trailing newline character.

Here is proof:

$ TEST_STR="askubuntu"
$ echo "$TEST_STR"
askubuntu
$ od -c <<<"$TEST_STR"
0000000   a   s   k   u   b   u   n   t   u  \n
0000012

Also, there is a few nice answers that explains why newline character should be there:

Why here string add newline character?
Why new line character should be there?


Boot from the cd, a window like this should come out, PS: This is an old screenshot, i expect that the 12.04 is the same, you should choose the upgrade option.

I hope that works

http://lh6.googleusercontent.com/_1QSDkzYY2vc/TWzh8Z786xI/AAAAAAAADNw/8lXqgCMgicY/ubuntu11.04-installer.png


Sorry but that screenshot is (at most) a combination of Indicator Applet and the older Notification Area. You can tell because Indicator Applet doesn't have a move handle and their tray does.

It looks like the first two (Networking and DropBox) are Notification Area and the rest are Indicator applet.


Trying to change the nameservers, I am stuck by the complexity I found

First of all, you generally don't need to edit files in /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/ in order to obtain the desired behavior. Editing those files should be regarded as a temporary hack. Generally you want to configure your interface configurer (in your case NetworkManager) to behave the way you want.

To remove nameserver 127.0.1.1 you did the right thing, you commented out dns=dnsmasq in /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf. That prevents NetworkManager from starting a local forwarding nameserver (a dnsmasq instance) which listens at IP address 127.0.1.1. When that address is not registered with resolvconf, resolvconf exposes other nameserver addresses in /etc/resolv.conf that have been provided to it. The address 192.168.0.1 that appears in your resolv.conf must come either from one of the files in /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/ or from an interface configurer which sends nameserver information to resolvconf. You are using NetworkManager so what you want to do is to configure NetworkManager not to use (i.e., not to forward to resolvconf) any nameserver addresses that it receives from the DHCP server. The configuration dns=none (suggested by Serg) would do this. However, the more conventional thing to do is to leave /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head alone (i.e., with just the warning comment) and to use NetworkManager's connection editor to select Method: Automatic (DHCP) addresses only and the desired addresses (in your case, 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4) in the Additional DNS servers field on the IPv4 Settings tab.


Try the disks utility.  Hit the Super key (aka the Windows key), and search for disks.  The utility you want looks like an HDD with a wrench on it.

This will show every connected drive.  You should be able to select the drive/partition you want and chose mount (the play button) or unmount (the stop button).  The drive will show up in files, and the disks utility will tell you where it's mounted in the file system under Contents.

I can't write/find a tutorial on how to use this app, but it's fairly intuitive (very similar to the windows disk management GUI).

Word of warning: don't just click willy nilly, hover over ever option and make sure the pop-up text is what you're expecting.. If it asks for your password, make sure you know EXACTLY what you're doing.  This utility will let you WIPE OUT YOUR DRIVES if you tell it to.


How does the drop-down calendar in the panel work? New event button does not do anything

You need to install evolution for the add event option in the calendar to work.
Run:
sudo apt-get install evolution


The problem was with easy installation  of VMware. I built a new Virtual machine (without allowing VMware to install the OS on it's own) and installed the OS manually. After that adjusted the resolution.

Now there is no display issue.


Save installed Epson Stylus SX130 driver(s) on 16.04

You can download drivers from https://download.ebz.epson.net/dsc/search/01/search/?OSC=LX

For Ubuntu you will need a deb package. amd64 for a 64-but system, or i386 for a 32-bit one.

The drivers should install on Ubuntu flavors, Debian and Mint, but it is not guaranteed that they will work with future Ubuntu version.

The esiaest way to see the driver installed is to go to http://localhost:631 in your bowser.

Go to Administration -> Printer Management and you'll see which driver is installed.

You can also see all Epson related packages installed by running in a terminal:

dpkg -l | grep epson

epson-inkjet-printer-escpr is the driver.


Ubuntu 14.04 Boot Order Problems - efibootmgr

The BootCurrent value identifies the current boot path; it's descriptive, not a setting that you can alter. (Well, you probably could change it, but doing so would be pointless at best.)

To alter the order in which boot options are tried, you should edit the BootOrder variable, which you do with the -o option to efibootmgr, as in:

sudo efibootmgr -o 2,1,0,2001,2002

This command, given your output, sets the boot order to use the ubuntu entry first, the Unknown Device: entry second, the Windows Boot Manager entry third, and so on.

In the case of the output you posted, though, it looks like the ubuntu and Unknown Device: entries are identical except for their descriptions, so changing would have no effect (unless I've missed some detail or a detail is being hidden by efibootmgr, both of which are possibilities).

In a previous question of yours, you posted a link to Boot Info Script output that included a different efibootmgr run, which I reproduce here:

BootCurrent: 0001
Timeout: 2 seconds
BootOrder: 0002,2001,2002,2003
Boot0000* Unknown Device:   HD(1,800,100000,aa8f4a18-e5fc-41ff-bb2d-826eab7312c9)File(EFIubuntushimx64.efi)RC
Boot0001* USB HDD: SanDisk Cruzer Facet ACPI(a0341d0,0)PCI(14,0)USB(2,0)USB(1,0)HD(1,20,ee8be0,01a86199)RC
Boot0002* ubuntu    HD(1,800,100000,86a8c8c9-a9fb-4586-b60c-e124e3fdfa94)File(EFIubuntushimx64.efi)
Boot2001* EFI USB Device    RC
Boot2002* EFI DVD/CDROM RC
Boot2003* EFI Network   RC

This output is different from what you posted in the current question in that the Unknown Device: entry references a different disk partition -- aa8f4a18-e5fc-41ff-bb2d-826eab7312c9 vs. 86a8c8c9-a9fb-4586-b60c-e124e3fdfa94. This made me think that you might have another copy of Shim stashed away on another partition, and that only one of those copies of Shim was working for you. You may need to check your partition table, locate that second copy of Shim, and figure out which one is working in order to proceed with a repair.

Incidentally, those partition identifiers are GUIDs associated with the partitions. You can identify the GUIDs of partitions with gdisk's i option or sgdisk, as in:

$ sudo sgdisk -i 2 /dev/sda
Partition GUID code: C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B (EFI System)
Partition unique GUID: 6E49FCAF-D054-47C9-BA69-A668C5EE8192
First sector: 3072 (at 1.5 MiB)
Last sector: 1133567 (at 553.5 MiB)
Partition size: 1130496 sectors (552.0 MiB)
Attribute flags: 0000000000000000
Partition name: 'EFI System'

The value of interest here is the Partition unique GUID: -- 6E49FCAF-D054-47C9-BA69-A668C5EE8192 in this case. Note that this matches the GUID displayed by efibootmgr on the same computer:

$ sudo efibootmgr -v
BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 1 seconds
BootOrder: 0000
Boot0000* rEFInd (direct)   HD(2,c00,114000,6e49fcaf-d054-47c9-ba69-a668c5ee8192)File(\EFI\refind\refind_x64.efi)
Boot0004* UEFI: Built-in EFI Shell  Vendor(5023b95c-db26-429b-a648-bd47664c8012,)..BO

In my case, rEFInd is the default boot program, and it's stored on /dev/sda2 (6e49fcaf-d054-47c9-ba69-a668c5ee8192 -- note that GUIDs are shown as hexadecimal numbers with punctuation; they're case-insensitive).

Scan through your partitions looking for the one with a partition unique GUID code of aa8f4a18-e5fc-41ff-bb2d-826eab7312c9 to find your mystery partition and that suspected second instance of Shim. OTOH, it could be that your previous output was showing some long-gone copy of Shim from a previous installation, so it might no longer be valid and I might be sending you on a wild goose chase. If so, my apologies.