How can I remove icons mistakenly placed on the desktop?

Best way to install application (like gparted for example) is: sudo apt-get install gparted

Your desktop files should be on /home/[username]/Desktop/ you can just delete the files you don't want


nvidia gtx 1050 and ubuntu 16.04: nvidia-modprobe error

I managed to solve the problem disabling the Secure Boot during Linux installation.

With it enable Linux does not permit to install SW from uncertified providers or SW an with new drivers if the certification procedure has not yet been done, you can't install it and play with it.

The inatallation procedure of Linux Ubuntu 16.04 guides you in deactivating Secure Boot.

After that everything worked fine.


Exec format error of gcc-compiled Hello World c++

The -c flag tells g++ to compile your source code to object code, but stop short of linking it with the necessary libraries to create a standalone executable binary. From man gcc:

   -c  Compile or assemble the source files, but do not link.  The linking
       stage simply is not done.  The ultimate output is in the form of an
       object file for each source file.

To create an executable program, simple run your command again without the -c flag:

g++ test.cc -o out

followed by

./out

(the executable flag will be set by default - an explicit chmod should not be required).


How can I have one application sit above a panel?

Actually, you can right click on the window's title bar and choose 'Always On Top', that will bring it above any panel, providing that panel has the following setting checked in Panel Properties: Do Not Reserve Space on Borders' which can be found by:

Right click the problem panel, choose Panel>Panel Preferences> 'Display' tab, under General.

It seems to me that all the functionality to have an Intellihide option is actually there already in XFCE Panel, it just needs to tell the display manager that it is to be ordered to the bottom, so that all other windows are drawn over the top. Given that my answer above creates this very scenario, only manually, rather than automatically.

Having said that, I've never programmed anything in my life ^^


Crucial MX500 SSD: failing to format ext4 partition when trying to install 18.04

Thanks to all who responded; after much messing about I've fixed it.

I spent some time with fdisk and (g)parted trying to see what was going on, then discovered, after deleting all partitions, that the disk was still mountable - and contained a copy of the Ubuntu Live boot image. (I put this on there thinking it would be trivial to overwrite - seems not.) I eventually took the nuclear option and zeroed the whole of /dev/sdb on a USB port:
  # dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb
running overnight.  After that I could set up the partitions I wanted (and I have included swap so it can hibernate - thanks Terrance).  It's now booting fine!  Thanks again responders.


Mutilple Authenticate Windows after unlocking Ubuntu 14.10 ( using gnome metacity)

I created a new user account and shifted my settings and files.

Its working fine after that. I am trying to pinpoint the error but still no success.

EDIT: The problem was with one of the programs in my startup list.

EDIT1: This was happening because of some program in my startup list. Try to remove all startup programs, then enable them one by one to see which one causes problems. For one other user also one startup program was the culprit.


Restrict access to all USB ports to user account in Ubuntu 16.04?

The subsystem in Ubuntu (and all modern Linux distributions) that handles what to do with devices that are added or removed is called "udev". It allows you to declare rules for what to with these devices.

If you place a rule file in /etc/udev/rules.d/ starting with 99- it will be evaluated after all other rule files, overriding any settings made in them. This is what you want. Therefore:

Create a file /etc/udev/rules.d/99-lockdown-usb.rules (choose whatever you prefer if you don't like lockdown-usb) with the following content:

ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{bDeviceClass}=="09", ATTR{authorized_default}="0"

This rule matches any "added" device belonging to the "usb" subsystem of the USB device class "09" (USB host devices) and sets the "authorized_default" attribute to 0 (meaning "false"). The effect of that attribute is to define a default for the attribute "authorized" of any subsequently discovered client USB devices connected to that host device. Unauthorized USB devices show up in the USB device listing yet remain dysfunctional.
To manually enable a connected USB device at a later point set its "authorized" value to 1 via sysfs, e. g.:

echo 1 | sudo tee /sys/bus/usb/devices/2-1/authorized

(2-1 is the USB device path assigned by the kernel in this example. Path names may become more complicated if USB hubs are involved. You can figure out the path of a specific device with the help of lsusb -t.)

This will trigger all connection events like it normally would, e. g. storage devices show up in Nautilus and keyboards accept key input. The important thing here is that these sysfs files are normally writeable by super-users only which is what you want.

If you need to de-authorize specific devices or device types only or exclude specific devices or device types from the lock down you can refine the udev rules further to account for that.

Inspiration taken from Plug and Prey: Malicious USB Devices but with some improvements.


How can I encrypt Deja-Dup backups with a GPG public key?

That feature isn't supported by Deja Dup.

It IS supported by the underlying duplicity command line tool though. See duplicity's man page for help using it.


runlevel is obsolete but you cat still print the current run level by running:

$ who -r
run-level 5  2018-03-31 13:10


Run several xdotool commands in one line separated from each other

Long story short:
Use a script.

#! /bin/sh
# With some window selection magic, or a sleep
# if you want to do that manually.
xdotool type word
xdotool key Return

And put the path of the script in the Exec field.

Long story:

According to the xdotool manpage:

type
       Supports newlines and tabs (ASCII newline and tab).
       With respect to "COMMAND CHAINING", this command consumes the
       remainder of the arguments and types them. That is, no commands can
       chain after 'type'.

Command chaining via ; or & isn't possible, since that is shell syntax and Startup Applications doesn't support shell syntax. However, if all you wish to do is press Enter after typing something, there's a roundabout way to do so.

When it says "ASCII" newline, it doesn't mean a bare \n. And command substitution (xdotool type "$(printf '\n')", say) eats trailing newlines. Following this xdotools forum post, I tried this:

xdotool type "$(printf 'date\n ')"

And it worked. But it only works if there is some character after the \n, and this obviously leaves a trailing space, which would not be what you want.
I modified that to:

xdotool type "$(printf 'date\n\e ')"

And this works and leaves no trailing space. However, it might cause problems for those using Vi mode in their shell.

Thanks to @steeldriver's comments I figured out that this was due to me trying it out on the very terminal I was executing the commands on. Just a small gap between my pressing Enter and the xdotool command was enough for a single newline to be registered correctly. Thus:

sleep 0.1; xdotool type $'date\n'

So either extending the line by quoting it:

xdotool type 'date
'

or using the shell interpretation as @steeldriver suggested looks like the right option.

However, a script containing:

#! /bin/sh
sleep 1
xdotool type date
xdotool key Return

in the Exec field worked fine. Indeed, I always recommend using a script for complex commands in a desktop file.

You can have a script with /usr/bin/xdotool in the shebang, but the manpage says "script mode isn't fully fleshed out and may fall below your expectations", so I stuck to bash scripts.

I might have been seeing things, but in my first couple of tries, I had to put a (small) sleep between the type and key commands. That was an artifact of trying it out on the terminal that was executing the commands instead of another window.


Building custom live Ubuntu Gnome 3.12.2 based, only for GDM: authentication failure

The reason

dpkg-reconfigure gdm

Isn't working is because you are missing the 'sudo' in front of it. It should be

sudo apt-get install gdm
sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm

Then use the down key to select GDM and use  Enter  to select GDM. Then do a

sudo reboot now

And it'll be fixed


With bc

Install bc,

sudo apt update
sudo apt install bc

Now you can pipe to bc according to @steeldriver's comment,

$ stat --format=%s /etc/*.conf | paste -sd "+" - | bc
112126

Without bc

You can also let the bash shell calculate the sum $(( ... )) of the output of the command,

$ echo $(( $(stat --format=%s /etc/*.conf | paste -sd "+" - ) ))
112126

Please notice that I show the result in my Lubuntu system, your result will probably be different.


Have you rebooted your Toshiba any time recently?  I had a similar issue with my ASUS netbook and realized that it only happened after it had been on for a long time.  My settings were to lockscreen when the laptop lid is closed so it ran for long periods of time.  I changed my power settings to suspend when the lid is closed and rebooted and this resolved my issue.


Unable to use livepatch on new Ubuntu 18.04 instance on AWS

Canonical's livepatch will only work for Canonical kernels based only.

"*-aws" kernels are made by Amazon, and considered as non-Canonical based kernels.

At their Wiki they mention:

  GA generic and lowlatency kernel variants only

Hope it works.


Trouble with python 3 and spyder 2.3 on Ubuntu 12.04

run this command:

find / -name spyder

and it will return all files with the word "spyder" on your system


OK, if you just installed Ubuntu you have Mozilla Firefox.  Try using the Flash-Aid add on:

https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/flash-aid/

Good luck.


Why do I need to format my usb on windows in order to use unetbootin

My experiance is that both UNetbootin and usb-creator like FAT32.
Some flash drives come formatted FAT16.
I have had good luck formatting Live drives using gparted from the Live CD.


I would first double check whether your boot loader really starts reading from USB device. Then try the USB on other computer (with correct boot priority of course).

It also might be that the USB has not been correctly written.

If the USB is able to boot your other PC, so perhaps 12.04 misses some of your goal PC drviers. In this case using a 13.04 image can resolve the problem.


Which Installation Process Should I Choose On The Virtual Machine?

This is referring to the disk that the virtual machine sees, the virtual disk, so selecting "Install Ubuntu" and wiping everything will stay contained within the virtual machine.

(Remember this is why VMs are so great, as far as ubuntu is concerned the whole disk is whatever you defined in Virtualbox)


Can I install selectively bootable Ubuntu on an external HDD

Yes,you can.
connect your external hard disk and go to boot setup and change boot priority to the external HDD .


In the file manager hit Ctrl-L and then type in computer://

Note: computer:/// also works.


Try using different Sources List. Here's funky generator that'll help you out:

https://repogen.simplylinux.ch/


as answered by ilkkachu here, the reason for my .tcshrc not working was that few hidden characters were added to my original .tcshrc that I sent over an email. using od -c .tcshrc clearly showed the sneaky characters and once removed everything worked as expected


Running command at certain time or after that as soon as possible

The answer to your problem is Anacron. It comes with Ubuntu by default. Just put your script in one of these folders and make it executable:

/etc/cron.hourly  # run hourly, only available since Ubuntu 14.04
/etc/cron.daily   # run daily
/etc/cron.weekly  # run weekly
/etc/cron.monthly # run monthly

For finetuning check out the anacron manpage. The difference between anacron and crontab is that anacron jobs will run later if they can't run at the specified time.


glee-dev has been discontinued, but you can install the glee-dev package from 18.10 in 19.04 by manually downloading libglee0d1_5.4.0-2_amd64.deb and glee-dev_5.4.0-2_amd64.deb. Then open the terminal, change directories using cd to the directory containing libglee0d1_5.4.0-2_amd64.deb and glee-dev_5.4.0-2_amd64.deb, and run the following command:

sudo apt install ./libglee0d1_5.4.0-2_amd64.deb
sudo apt install ./glee-dev_5.4.0-2_amd64.deb


Ubuntu Limit sudo user to password reset only

First of all, if you are even considering restricting admin privileges of any user you should first do sudo gpasswd -d [username] sudo as soon as possible because they have full access to the system until removed from sudo.

Now, there is a way to allow this type of task, but it still is very dangerous and problematic and can lead to disasterous situations.

Obviously you cannot allow this user to have unrestricted access to passwd because then there will be nothing stopping him from passwd root .
However, you still want to give him access to reset passwords of users not belonging to administrative group. This is a strategy I can think of:

You have a power user named fakeboss that will be resetting passwords for users. You make him a special folder, lets call it /usr/local/fakeboss/ that only his group and sudo can access.

A root creates a basic user named user1, and a script that will have read and execute permission only called user1pw.sh with:

chmod 755 user1pw.sh and puts it in /usr/local/fakeboss/

inside the script root writes, ($1 is the new password argument passed, and I checked it quickly but most piping of other commands either resulted in permission denied or changed user1 password to the piped string, but still I would need to double check this part)

#!/bin/bash
filtered=echo $1 | tr -d '[:cntrl:]'
echo "user1:$filtered" | chpasswd
echo "You just reset password for user1"

then in /etc/sudoers root adds

fakeboss  ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/local/fakeboss/user1pw.sh

as well as /usr/local/fakeboss/ to the secure_path line in /etc/sudoers

you top it off with an alias for fakeboss

alias user1pw ='sudo /usr/local/fakeboss/user1pw.sh'

and they now can change user1 password to a new one they send as argument with lets say:

user1pw IamYourBoss!

which will set user1 password to IamYourBoss!

and this tactic can be implemented for all users chosen by root, and these users will be able to have their passwords unlocked by fakeboss. More importantly, fakeboss has no access to the password reset scripts as they are unwriteable and has no passwd permissions nor any sudo permissions beyond these password reset scripts. One last thing I would add is certainly some serious logging mechanism as well perhaps system message sent to root stating that user1 had their password reset at this and this time for security and integrity.

I wrote this quickly and might have missed a detail or two but this is certainly way safer than allowing a pseudo-sudo user unrestricted access to passwd.

Edit: Added input filtering,


Trying to run a script in a new terminal tab from a running script

The correct syntax is :

gnome-terminal --tab --active --title="my title" -- "/tmp/myworkdir/myscript.sh"

having an absolute path will allow for the file to be run.

make sure to makes all your file operations happen in this same directory.


From the comments...

Edit /etc/network/interfaces and remove all of the ens33 stuff that you added, and uncomment lines 2 and 3, which should be the only two uncommented lines left in this file.

# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

Reboot, and use the NetworkManager connection profiles to set static addresses. Enter some DNS addresses. Set auto to off.


Ubuntu 12.04 LTS compatible with Dell 2950's through auto provisioning?

12.04 should work on the 2950 for auto provisioning. We don't have a preconfigured version though. All you will need to do is ensure the nic (bnx2) and the controller driver (mpt2sas) must be in the initrd file for it to see the perc controllers.
What controller do you have installed?


Separate terminal windows for input and output streams

You could have your C program write its output to a text file and have the second terminal watch that text file using

tail -f myfile.txt


How to restrict bandwidth at system service level? Can each service be routed via a different network interface?

You can give it a try with trickle.
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/trickle
sudo apt-get install trickle


Update April 7: A different version added and found Albert, see update and Bonus bellow !!!

Concerning dash functionality:
You have asked " Is there anyway to change the default behavior of the launcher to check for this before opening a new window". Basic answer is, no, as a regular user you have no way of adding that behavior to dash. However, if there would be a unity scope developer who'd be willing to implement that, you might approach them or develop one yourself if you have resolve and willing to learn. My coding skills are very modest, hence I use shell scripting and the available graphical front-end for the scripts as a workaround.

Related information

Original post:

I have written a script that uses zenity dialogue and wmctrl to achieve what you asked for. Notice that this is a graphical script, meaning it will only work with windows, in GUI, and won't work if you try to launch something in tty. Besides, from what I understand Alfred does exactly the same thing. You can create a desktop shortcut to it or launcher shortcut to it, as described here and here.

The script:

#!/bin/bash
# Author: Serg Kolo
# Description: A launcher script that checks whether
#       or not a window of a particular program already exists
#       If a window of such program is open, bring it to focus
#       Otherwise - launch a new window
#       Written for https://askubuntu.com/q/440142/295286
# Date: April 6 , 2015
#

MYPROG=$( zenity --entry --title='MY LAUNCHER' --text='Type the name of application to run' )
sleep 0.5
wmctrl -lx | awk '{print $3}' | grep -i "$MYPROG"

if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    sleep 1
    wmctrl -xa $MYPROG
   #as an alternative try the line bellow
   #wmctrl -a $MYPROG
    exit 1
else
    $MYPROG &
    exit 0
fi

Side notes: in the previous version , script used echo $?, to test if previous expressions exited successfully. As per muru's suggestion ( from the edit ), I changed the code to somewhat more compact version, so i suggest you take a look at the previous version and the current.

Also , previously wmctrl -a $MYPROG didn't work with testing google-chrome or chromium-browser; for some stupid reason some programs have WM_CLASS property of the window capitalized , while the program as listed by dpkg --get-selections is lowercase (just read man wmctrl and run wmctrl -lx, you'll know). Adding that -ax should take care of this. The script brings up the already open chromium window as it should

Another thing - wmctlr is somewhat weird in that it needs a delay sometimes (had experience with it in another script), so i had to add sleep 1 line. Previously it would be kind of on and off with firefox, but now works swimmingly.

The script in action

In the animation bellow you can see that on the first run of the script, there is one instance of firefox open, and the script switches focus to that window; on the second test, I open new instance of google-chrome, which hasn't been open previously.
(Side note: If you are currious about the desktop, by the way, that is openbox with cairo dock)

Per suggestion in the comments, embedded animation removed, posted link only. Report if it is broken please !
http://i.stack.imgur.com/puuPZ.gif

Update, April 7

I improved the script somewhat to make all the programs listed in zenity's drop-down entry box. Now the user doesn't have to memorize each program, but can just scroll through a list of them using arrow keys or just open the drop down menu. Also, this improved version raises windows not by name, but by window id, which gives much better performance. Note, the way i go through .desktop files is kind of redundant, using cut command twice, but since my script-fu isn't that good so far, this is all i can do. Suggestions for improvement are welcome!

#!/bin/bash
# Author: Serg Kolo
# Description: Second version of a launcher script that checks whether
#       or not a window of a particular program already exists
#       If a window of such program is open, bring it to focus
#       Otherwise - launch a new window
#       Written for https://askubuntu.com/q/440142/295286
# Date: April 7 , 2015
#

set -x

MYPROG=$(zenity --entry --text 'Select program from list' --entry-text $(ls /usr/share/applications/*.desktop | cut -d'/' -f5 | cut -d'.' -f1 | xargs echo))
sleep 0.5
# Do we have a window of such program ?
wmctrl -lx| awk '{print $3}'  | grep -i $MYPROG

if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    sleep 0.5 # if yes, find that window id, and raise it
    WINID=$(wmctrl -lx | grep -i $MYPROG | awk 'NR==1{print $1}')
    wmctrl -ia $WINID &
 #  exit 0
else
    echo $MYPROG | grep -i libreoffice
    if [ $? -eq 0  ]
    then
        MYPROG=$(echo $MYPROG | sed 's/-/ --/g')
    fi
    $MYPROG &

#  exit 0
fi

Bonus:

I have actually found Albert , which is Linux version of Alfred, but have not tried it myself. Worth checking out though. However, as Jacob noted already, it is still buggy.

There is an app called Gnome-Do, which graphically looks similar to Alfred, however it does not have the same functionality as this script.

Let me know if you like this script, if there's anything needs fixing, and don't forget to upvote the answer if you find it useful


tk installation doesn't work for ruby1.9.1

open this file in your test editer as root "/usr/share/tcltk/tk8.5/tk.tcl"
go to line18
change this: package require -exact Tk  8.5.11
To to this: package require -exact Tk  8.5.10


How do I change a variable of a background function?

The problem you have is caused by the subshell spawned when you call transprog to run in the background (what the & symbol does). You have to understand that your bash script is not a program but a shell script which behaves according to the shell rules - a shell can only run one process at a time and wait for it to terminate.

The "jobs system" allows you to run another process and not wait for it, but when that process is a function defined in bash, bash will spawn a "sub shell" that "copies" all the variables and functions of the original shell, and track that as a job. The copied shell isn't aware of changes made it its parent shell - because it is not referencing the parent shell variables directly - just a copy of them.

What you need to do for your background loop, is to use an Inter Process Communication mechanism (IPC) to let the parent shell notify the loop in the subshell to abort. For such a simple signaling, usually a "POSIX Signal" is appropriate.

The most appropriate signal to use is the "interrupt signal", SIGINT (signal number 2), which is what is produced when you press CTRL+C and that normally stops your script. But we can catch this signal and update a local variant using the trap built-in command.

Here is a simple example:

#!/bin/bash

function test() {
  var=0
  trap 'var=1' 2
  while [ "$var" = 0 ]; do
    sleep 3
    echo 'still sleeping'
  done
  echo "done sleeping"
}

test &
pid=$!
echo $pid;
sleep 5
echo "Killing $pid"
kill -2 "$pid"
wait

This will output:

$ ./test.sh
8359
still sleeping
Killing 8359
still sleeping
done sleeping

What happens here is that after 5 seconds there loop has completed one round and is now sleeping on the second round when the parent uses the kill builtin to signal the subshell. The subshell's sleep is interrupted, it receives the signal and updates the variable, then resumes the sleep When the loop awakens, it outputs the text then goes back and sees that the var has changed and leaves the loop.

I use the wait builtin in the parent just to make sure the parent process doesn't exit before the subshell. It essentially "waits" for the subshell to end.

[UPDATE]
After looking at the OP a bit more, there's a few more subshells going on, and I don't want to fight that - subshells (in addition to functions) is a good way to manage complexity in a script - but that does make finding the correct PID to send the signal to a bit difficult.

Instead we can use another IPC mechanism called a "shared memory segment". This allows a process to allocate a batch of memory, assign it a name, and let multiple processes access the same memory (it is covered in the IPC document linked above, in greater detail). While in Bash we can't directly address that feature (unlike what a C program, for example, can do), we can use a Linux mechanism that exposes the shared memory IPC to any program through the /dev/shm device category. So the OP script might look something like this:

#!/bin/bash

transtest () {
  local sync="$1"
  i2="Im Working On It!"
  var=0
  (
    while [ -z "$(cat $sync)" ]; do sleep 1; done
    echo "# Your files are DONE TRANSFERING!"
    sleep 1
    echo "100"
  ) | zenity --progress --title="File Transfer In Progress" --text="# Im Getting Warmed Up" \
    --percentage=0 --pulsate --auto-close --auto-kill
}

sync=/dev/shm/syntest-$$ # allocate a shared memory segment name for this process
echo '' > $sync # init the shm
transtest $sync &
sleep 20
echo "Signaling done"
echo "done" > $sync
echo "waiting"
wait
# remove the shm segment. While not actually necessary (it will clear
# when you reboot), I like to keep a clean system
rm $sync
exit

Basically, we treat the SHM segment as a file, and just store some data there. The loop keeps reading the "file" and when there is content there it breaks out.

One question remains, why not just allocate a temp file (using mktemp) and use that for syncing? Well - that would work almost the same! The main difference, and why I prefer SHM for that kind of thing, is that its not really a file and isn't subject the file system IO operations, disk errors and the likes, and if I fail to clean it up, it will be gone the next time the system boots.


You will need to setup DNS for other machine in your network to use BIND as the resolver.

Check the client's /etc/resolv.conf to see if it has any reference to nameserver x.x.x.x, where x.x.x.x is your BIND server IP...


Unable to load/mount Window 8 hard disk partition

This is because of the Windows 8 fast startup option - you have to disable it.

In Windows open Control Panel, type "change what power buttons do" and select

Change what the power buttons do > Change settings that are currently unavailable

Scroll down and uncheck Turn on fast start-up (recommended).

Restart your computer and you won't have this error anymore.

See here for more information about Windows Fast Boot.


Meizu Pro 5 Ubuntu Edition Partition table

The size of the cache partition should be 700MiB according to someone on XDA Developers (they note that it is different to Android's allocation of 512 MiB to cache).

Here's the full partition table from them:

index=1,name=private,size=1MiB,start=0x400000,uuid=${uuid_private};
index=2,name=proinfo,size=256KiB,uuid=${uuid_proinfo};
index=3,name=misc,size=256KiB,uuid=${uuid_misc};
index=21,name=param,size=4MiB,start=0x800000,uuid=${uuid_param};
index=22,name=efs,size=8MiB,uuid=${uuid_efs};
index=23,name=pnv,size=2MiB,uuid=${uuid_pnv};
index=24,name=ldfw,size=4MiB,uuid=${uuid_ldfw};
index=25,name=dtb,size=4MiB,uuid=${uuid_dtb};
index=26,name=bootimg,size=24MiB,uuid=${uuid_bootimg};
index=27,name=recovery,size=32MiB,uuid=${uuid_recovery};
index=28,name=bootlogo,size=32MiB,uuid=${uuid_bootlogo};
index=29,name=rstinfo,size=20MiB,uuid=${uuid_rstinfo};
index=30,name=mnv,size=20MiB,uuid=${uuid_mnv};
index=31,name=reserved1,size=20MiB,uuid=${uuid_reserved1};
index=32,name=reserved2,size=20MiB,uuid=${uuid_reserved2};
index=33,name=reserved3,size=20MiB,uuid=${uuid_reserved3};
index=41,name=system,size=2560MiB,start=0x10000000,uuid=${uuid_system};
index=42,name=custom,size=512MiB,uuid=${uuid_custom};
index=43,name=cache,size=700MiB,uuid=${uuid_cache};
index=44,name=userdata,size=0,uuid=${uuid_userdata};


Filesystem is unknown for all of the partitions in grub rescue and I can't boot from a DVD

Check this answer.

I got this on the Lenovo support forums

The solution is this

Step 1:

Shut down your Laptop.

Step 2:

Find the small NOVO button on Left side of your Laptop near the Power cord Point. Press the button. The System loads Boot Options.

Step 3:Click on the CD/DVD drive Option.

Please refer to this Document -http://download.lenovo.com/consumer/hnt/lenovo_g40_30_g50_30_bsod_solution.pdf


I was able to fix the issue. So, I will put the steps for someone who need. The following are the steps I did.
Step 1 : Iriun needs v4l2loopback-dkms as a dependency. First, uninstall the package and its dependencies if exits.
sudo apt purge v4l2loopback-dkms

Step 2 : Install required dependencies for Iriun.
sudo apt install qt5-default
sudo apt-get install v4l2loopback-dkms

This worked fine for me. Otherwise, Try the following.
git clone https://github.com/umlaeute/v4l2loopback.git
cd v4l2loopback
make
sudo su
make install

Step 3 : Reboot the system
reboot

If you have enabled secure boot in your machine, you have to confirm the password while allowing third party packages. So, probably you may do it while installing v4l2loopback-dkms. If that is the case make sure to enroll for mock and enter the same password while rebooting.
Step 4 : Install iriunwebcam (go to iriun.com and download the deb)
sudo dpkg -i '<path>/iriunwebcam.deb'

That was all in my case.
However, if the step two doesn't work saying could not insert 4l2loopback, then try to install iriun without 4l2loopback-dkms dependency.
sudo dpkg -i --ignore-depends=4l2loopback-dkms '<path>/iriunwebcam.deb'

In this case you have to fix the dependency for iriunwebcam in /var/lib/dpkg/status as follwing (Remove 4l2loopback-dkms from Depends:)
Package: iriunwebcam
Status: install ok installed
Maintainer: Iriun
Architecture: all
Version: 2.4
Depends: qt5-default
Description: Iriun Webcam for Linux

Now, it should work fine for you :-)


How to deny VNC access to a particular IP?

Here's a generic answer for any service:

sudo ufw deny from <IP> to port <PORT>

You'll need to turn on ufw (sudo ufw enable) but it'll let you do this.


Android Studio Fall 2018 which JDK for Ubuntu 16/18?

Android Studio is based upon the IntelliJ IDEA codebase.  The documentation for which says here:

  It's recommended to use the bundled JRE (if available). In case you
  have any issues with the bundled version, you can switch to the latest
  Oracle JDK or OpenJDK 1.8 build available on your system (JDK 1.8 is
  recommended and older Java versions are not supported starting from
  IntelliJ IDEA 16).

So, it appears at least since version 16, the JRE is bundled with Android Studio.  It also says:

  ...Our custom JRE is based on OpenJDK...

However, I remember when I first installed Android Studio a while back, during setup there was a dialog box that explained that it could get more features from the Oracle JDK. and encouraged you to install it.  This is probably old news now, though.

It's actually relatively easy to change this after the installation as well, so I wouldn't worry too much about which one you choose early on as you can always change it later.


Where I do find feature lists for upcoming Ubuntu versions? [16.04]

Wikipedia seems to have a rather extensive list of features, including the addition of Unity 8, and the possible transfer from Python 2 to Python 3. It probably isn't a very good idea to start preparing, however, as April is still 4 months away, and a lot could change in that time.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Ubuntu_releases#Ubuntu_16.04_LTS_.28Xenial_Xerus.29


How can I create desktop entry for an AppImage?

First, make sure it is executable: chmod u+x Inkscape.AppImage
Then, you would format your desktop file like this:
[Desktop Entry]
Name=InkScape
Exec=/path/to/appimage.AppImage
Icon=Inkscape
Type=Application
Categories=GTK;GNOME;Utility;


Ubuntu 18.04 VirtualBox Guest - No Internet Access

/etc/network/interfaces has been replaced by netplan on Ubuntu 18.04 (Why did Ubuntu change the network configuration)

The following works for me:

sudo vim /etc/netplan/60-mynetwork.yaml

network:
    ethernets:
        enp0s8:
            dhcp4: true
    version: 2

sudo netplan apply


System hangs during boot at "Starting MySQL server [OK]"

If it is hanging at * Starting MySQL server [OK] you should try disabling MySQL server (via Ctrl+Alt+F1) and then see if it continues past that stage when you reboot.

You can do this as follows:

sudo nano /etc/init/mysql.conf

Comment out (using a hash sign) the start on section - and this section only! If it spans multiple lines, add a hash sign to each line.

For example:

#start on (net-device-up
          #and local-filesystems
          #and runlevel [2345])

Instructions from: How to keep apache and mysql from starting automatically


16.04 - When laptop lid is closed, the desktop switches to external monitor

If not already installed, install the dconf-editor, you can find it in the software center or in the terminal:

sudo apt-get install dconf-editor

Open it and navigate to:

  org >> gnome >> settings-daemon >> plugins >> power

Activate the following checkbox and exit dconf-editor:

  lid-close-suspend-with-external-monitor

Update: If the above instructions don't show the desired effect, open the following file:

gksudo gedit /etc/systemd/logind.conf

Uncomment (remove the # in) the following line and set it to 'suspend' instead of 'ignore':

  HandleLidSwitchDocked=suspend

Save, Exit and Reboot


The NPM package that you are trying to install comes from the Ubuntu Trusty (14.04) archives, and requires a version of libc6 that is older than version 2.20.  The version of libc6 that is in the trusty archives is version 2.19 and would fit the bill.

Your system however has version 2.24-17 of libc6, and the source of that library is a .deb file which you presumably downloaded and installed because something that you wanted to run needed that newer version of libc6.  This is apparently from a Debian Wheezy package:  None of the Ubuntu archives have that particular library.  You can reference http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/glibc/ goes from 2.24-9 to 2.26-0 without the library in question.

So...

You have two choices, neither of which is going to be easy:

You can determine what package you downloaded from Debian and remove it, allowing your system to reinstall libc6 from the Ubuntu archives.  This may break some functionality that you have in your system.
You can look for a newer version of npm which will operate with libc6 2.24-17, and install that package which may install additional libraries which could break some functionality in your system.

Given the time frame of this question, installing npm does not seem to be of high importance to you.  My suggestion would be that you create a virtual machine if possible in your system.  Then you can install a version of linux on that machine and use that to load and run npm.

For future reference, although it is possible to load and install .deb packages intended for other distributions it is not always advisable.  These packages may have dependencies and libraries which conflict with the packages and libraries provided in Ubuntu.


KVM Network Bridge with Static IP getting a second ip via DHCP

18.04 does not use /etc/network/interface. You need to get familiar with netplan and configure networking accordingly in /etc/netplan/*yaml


Can I move the workspace switcher icon to the top of the Unity launcher

Keep an eye on this: https://bugs.launchpad.net/unity-2d/+bug/761155

There is a workaround for unity2d as described at http://www.tuxgarage.com/2011/10/customizing-unity-2d-ubuntu-natty.html

gksudo gedit /usr/share/unity-2d/launcher/Launcher.qml

find this section:

Component.onCompleted: {
  items.appendModel(bfbModel);
  items.appendModel(applications);
  items.appendModel(workspaces);
  items.appendModel(devices);
  items.appendModel(trashes);
}

You can rearrange these.
Please remember that this fix only works with Ubuntu 2d


To clarify Stephan Rauch (for 18.04 only) -
If using grub method to disable ipv6, the /etc/sysctl.conf configuration changes were not needed.  I ended up leaving them in, (in case netplan is fixed in future) but all that is needed is the following:

sudo vi /etc/default/grub

Modify the GRUB_CMDLINEs to look like:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="ipv6.disable=1"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="ipv6.disable=1"

Then execute:

sudo update-grub
sudo reboot

Enjoy ipv4.


After updating my Ubuntu from 18.04 to 20.04 Gnome Terminal is showing Unicode Characters?How to fix that?

Preferences -> Unnamed -> Text->Custom font ;
change none font to any font
and
You may also find the following useful to change the default font rendering:
  $ dpkg-reconfigure fontconfig-config

  $ dpkg-reconfigure fontconfig


Synaptic and Software Centre Segmentation fault

The definition of a segmentation fault:

A segmentation fault (often shortened to segfault) or bus error occurs when the hardware notifies a Unix-like operating system about a memory access violation. (Source: Wikipedia)

This basically means that there's an error in the program's code, where the program tries to access a part of the computer's memory that it does not have access to. As this is a very generic error that can occur for very many reasons, it is hard for me to say the exact reason why this happens, and give you a solution.


Yes. You can use the ps tool to list all processes and their state:

ps -eo s,pid

If we want to parse this, we need to remove the header:

ps h -eo s,pid

Now we are going to pipe it to an awk command so that we can only print the pids with a state of "S" (sleeping):

ps h -eo s,pid | awk '{ if ($1 == "S" || $1 == "D") { print $2 } }'

And now you have a newline separated list of process IDs that are sleeping.

Do with it what you wish.


It looks like to be a chrome-related problem, so you should set any other browser as default browser on your system. Maybe monodevelop has a config option regarding the web browser to start, so you should check monodevelop's config options too.


How to add a python script as a terminal command?

In Ubuntu, the default .profile adds your $HOME/bin directory to $PATH, assuming the former exists. This means that you can create a bin directory in your home, and any executables in there can be run without specifying the full path, which is what you want.

In the case of a Python script, also make sure that it's executable (chmod u+x blahblah) and it has the proper shebang on the first line, usually:

#!/usr/bin/python


Since I'm several years late to the party, I'll attempt to answer this more for folks coming in from search engines who are interested in the same service for the same reason (read: possibly future me?).
Note: this was not tested on an ubuntu system but should be distro-agnostic (I'm currently on Fedora if it matters). Last I checked, only questions were to be limited to ubuntu (e.g. answers can be generic/distro-agnostic) and anyway no one has even attempted to answer this in the past 4 years. This answer should be the same for most Linux distro using systemd (including Ubuntu, which I did test a derivitive distro of)
$ systemctl status systemd-udev-settle.service
● systemd-udev-settle.service - Wait for udev To Complete Device Initialization
....

The description provided by the service itself is rather vague and doesn't give much to go on.
From what I saw, there wasn't much information about this service online either.
One comment one debian bug mailing list dated May 2015 described it as:

My searches on systemd-udev-settle masked tell me it is about "fake
block device storage technology" (in my case mdadm - the raid)

Likewise the freedesktop.org systemd optimizations page (updated May 2013) says that:

Make sure not to use any fake block device storage technology such as LVM (as installed by default by various distributions, including Fedora) they result in the systemd-udev-settle.service unit to be pulled in. Settling device enumeration is slow, racy and mostly obsolete. Since LVM (still) hasn't been updated to handle Linux' event based design properly, settling device enumeration is still required for it, but it will slow down boot substantially. On Fedora, use "systemctl mask fedora-wait-storage.service fedora-storage-init-late.service fedora-storage-init.service" to get rid of all those storage technologies. Of course, don't try this if you actually installed your system with LVM. (The only fake block device storage technology that currently handles this all properly and doesn't require settling device enumerations is LUKS disk encryption.)

From this, I get the impression that like several other services that are enabled by default on
Many of the distros I have tried have lvm2-monitor.service enabled by default which AFAIK is only useful if one is using LVM (for those unfamiliar... this may be a bit of an oversimplification but is somewhat like a software RAID or logic layer that can make several hard-drives pretend to act as if they are one hard drive -- in other words, it is not something that would likely be used by newbies or people who don't even know what LVM is). This is for sure the case in Fedora 33 and Linux Mint 19 and I suspect that it is the same for many many other distros, including ubuntu (it is listed in the OP's systemd-analyze blame output).
Similarly to lvm2-monitor.service, the systemd-udev-settle.service seems to be related to "fake block device storage technology" like LVM. The debian mailing list mentioned it having been disabled on someone's system so disabling it seems unlikely to result in major issues unless one has specifically set up LVM or similar. If you would like to disable it, I would recommend also disabling lvm2-monitor.service if you haven't already.
I am not currently using any LVM stuff in my setup and plan to test disabling it sometime in the next day or so as I get time. I will try to report back with whether any serious issues were encountered / any functionality ceases to work

Update: definitely wasn't anything system critial (didn't affect bootup/login/graphical stuff) and I can still go online/access all my mounted fstab disks just fine. ~~I did notice that my userspace time in systemd-analyze is a tiny bit higher (by 2-4s) but I'm not sure if that value is an average or only the timings for the immediately previous boot. I suspect the latter, in which case it is possible that is just minor but normal fluctuations due to hardware timings (such as fstab mounts coming online, connecting to ethernet, etc).~~

Update 2: This eventually stabilized and was about 1-2s less that my initial timings before messing with services; likely due to minor hardware time fluctuations I mentioned before. I also disabled several other services around the same time I was testing this. The full list of services I disabled on Fedora 33 (which I also tested/disabled on LM20):
# don't run the following if you are booting your os from a
# a networked drive rather than a SSD/HDD
# (very very rare for home users):
sudo systemctl disable NetworkManager-wait-online.service

# don't run the following if you use dial-up internet:
sudo systemctl disable pppd-dns.service

# don't run the following if you use wifi:
sudo systemctl disable wpa_supplicant.service

# don't run the following 2 if you use LVM:
sudo systemctl mask lvm2-monitor.service
sudo systemctl mask systemd-udev-settle.service

Originally, I had also disabled (and masked) accounts-daemon.service as this site had listed it as "a potential security risk". However, after much debugging I eventually found that was directly responsible for breaking my cinnamon-screensaver and cinnamon lock screen under fedora-33 (cinnamon). Oddly, both of those worked just fine under LM-20. Both distros were running Cinnamon 4.8.6 during my testing.
The only clue I had for the above was a log entry in ~/.xsession-errors saying:
(cinnamon-screensaver:2381): accountsservice-WARNING **: 02:43:13.941: ActUserManager: user (null) has no username (uid: -1)

which after much searching, I saw similar error text in this redhat bug report which happened to mention account services and made a lightbulb go off. After running sudo systemctl unmask accounts-daemon.service; sudo systemctl enable accounts-daemon.service; reboot screensaver and lock screen were working fine again.

Update 3: One other thing I will mention as a related topic / that I hinted to in the previous updates is that boot timings can be impacted by hardware. Having your primary OS installed to an SSD will almost always be faster than having it on an HDD, and either of those will almost always be faster than booting off a network share. But even without SSDs, HDD RPMs (revolutions per minute) can be a factor.
But beyond that, let's assume you've installed the OS to whatever the fastest medium available to you is. You could still run into some boot delays if you have other slow responding hardware. I had a dvd drive that was glitchy once and would add about 1 min to my boot times. unplugging it helped tremendously (I can't recall if it was the drive or the cable but it is worth checking both cases). In other setups, I have seen where having many connected HDDs that have mount points defined in /etc/fstab can also cause slow down. If you have additional HDDs, I recommend defining a timeout on them in your fstab, somewhere between 2-10s.
in fstab, i mount with the following options to limit this to at most 3s per HDD (I would recommend keeping it above 2s at least):
# example, this will
# 1. mount the indicated ext4 HDD to /gaming
# 2. if the drive fails/is removed, don't abort the boot process
# 3. if the drive fails/is removed, don't spend more than 3s looking for it
# the default is that systemd will spend up to 90s PER DEVICE
# see https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Fstab
# and https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.mount.html
UUID=<my hdd's uuid>     /gaming     ext4    defaults,nofail,x-systemd.device-timeout=3s,nodev,user,exec 0 0

# something similar but for nfts (e.g. for a windows dual-boot)
UUID=<my other hdd uuid>   /media/d    ntfs-3g  defaults,nofail,x-systemd.device-timeout=3s,windows_names,locale=en_US.utf8,uid=1000  0 0

If you suspect this could be a factor/would like to rule it out. First, write down your current boot time. Then backup your /etc/fstab and comment out everything except the mounts for / and /home (if you have home on a different partition). Power down and unplug all dvd/hdds/usb/etc except for your main drive (and home drive if you have one) and minimum hardware - keyboard + mouse. then boot up and note your new boottime. If it is significantly different, plug things in one at a time until you find the culprit (this is what I had to do to discover my fauly dvd drive/cable).
Sources:

https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=786942
https://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/Optimizations/


Port forwarding

Settings

Rule name: SSH for my computer (you can put any meaningful text)
Protocol: TCP (this is the most common protocol used by SSH)
External port: 2222 (you can use almost any port, but this is the most common)
Internal port: 22 (this is the port used by the SSH service on your computer)
External IP: 0.0.0.0 or leave it blank if allowed (the router will allow connections from any IP)
Internal IP: your computer's private IP, probably will look like 192.168.1.X.

Note: in order to have a static (always the same) private IP for your computer, you may need to tweak additional settings on the router (search static DHCP allocation or reservation for more information).

Explanation

This configuration will mean that any connection from the outside world to your router's public IP address (which you can see visiting this page) on the port 2222 will be redirected to the port 22 of your computer (private IP address).

To connect via SSH to your computer, you'll need to specify the port, because it isn't the default one (22) but a custom one (2222 in the example). You can run the example below to connect from the outside world:

ssh user@public.ip.address -p 2222

Related

https://forum.vivo.com.br/threads/48015-Como-abrir-portas-no-Vivo-Fibra-RTF3507VW-N1
https://superuser.com/questions/284051/what-is-port-forwarding-and-what-is-it-used-for

Alternatives

tmate is a command line tool to connect computers behind a firewall using SSH.


Well, it seems to me the PPA does not exist anymore. I do not know this particular one, but a quick google on "ppa sevenmachines" turned up some stuff. As that PPA seems to be used for Flash (only?), one of them notes this:

I quote:
http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/otherversions/

After removing flashplugin64-installer (and removing the sevenmachines ppa from my sources), then just selecting linux 64 bit and ubuntu in the above link. It asked me if i'd like to add the partner repository, followd by the question to install the flash package from adobe. It seems to be up to date for lucid (version 11,1,102,55) and working rather well (for me)."

Something similar should work for you, I guess.


Acer Aspire S7 on 14.04 | Frozen after Sleep

I haven't had any trouble in the past few days with the link to the fix from @Rmano.

To get it working, check out Unable to resume after suspend and follow the "How to make the switch automatic" section.


suspend doesn't work on battery mode (but it does while charging)

I solved the same issue with my Asus UX303UA by updating the BIOS.

Maybe you have an available update for your hardware.

regards

Aerlai


Open /etc/apt/sources.list and replace pk.archive.ubuntu.com with archive.ubuntu.com, after that save the file and run sudo apt-get update


ssh allows by default executing commands, e.g.

ssh <host> <command>

or

ssh <host> '<command1>; <command2>'

In your case, you will probably need to specify -t to force tty allocation on the middle-server. So try something like:

ssh -t <your gateway> '<script call>'


how to configure `aptd` to really stop accessing the internet when the machine starts?

It's a little brute force, but you could

sudo systemctl disable apt-daily.service apt-daily-upgrade.service
sudo systemctl disable apt-daily.timer apt-daily-upgrade.timer


Unfreeze upgrade on 18.04LTS (found linux image..found intrd image)

appears as 'thinking time'..overnight the updates progressed after hours of apparent frozen (blinking cursor) activity.. some easy explanations at diagnosing errors here here .. good luck newbs!
thanks OrgM for nudging my etiquette ;)


Ubuntu Support Communities for Spanish/Espanol Speakers?

Community forums in Spanish http://www.ubuntu-es.org/forum

You can also find the community support channel on Freenode IRC server: #Ubuntu-es

Community forums in Spanish http://www.ubuntu-es.org/forum
This one's been closed.


Ubuntu 16.04 will not install alongside Windows 7, but 14.04 will

Figured it out on my own. The "Install Ubuntu inside of Windows" on 14.04.3 is some old Wubi option.  As for 16.04, I neglected to mention earlier that before booting up the LiveCD, I resized the Windows partition and left the space unallocated. I did not use the Gparted program to reallocate the unused space before clicking the install ubuntu icon.  Well, after frustrating myself over and over agin trying to make the "Install Ubuntu alongside Windows" option magically appear, I started Gparted and used it to create the Ubuntu partition and swap file - plan was to use the "Do something else" option afterwards. But after I created those partitions and clicked Install Ubuntu, the Install Alongside option magically appeared.  So lesson learned - the Install alongside option will not appear if all the installer sees is a Windows partition and unallocated space.


why ubuntu touch terminal cannot execute app

I figured something out. The reason you can't run binaries from your home directory is that the apparmor profile of the terminal prevents it. If you look at the dmesg output after trying to run a binary you should see something like this:

[140792.471956] type=1400 audit(1431182253.050:175): apparmor="DENIED" operation="exec" profile="com.ubuntu.terminal_terminal_0.7.70" name="/home/phablet/apps/git/usr/bin/git" pid=28134 comm="bash" requested_mask="x" denied_mask="x" fsuid=32011 ouid=32011

Which just tells you that apparmor denied the terminal to run your program, and among other things it tells you the apparmor profile name (com.ubuntu.terminal_terminal_0.7.70) of the terminal. To allow running arbitrary binaries we need to change that profile.

Now normally you'd find apparmor profiles under /etc/apparmor.d but this is not always the case on ubuntu phone. It seems especially click packages (which the terminal is one of) do their own thing and put files in different places. I found multiple locations for the terminal apparmor profile and the right one to edit seems to be:

sudo vi /var/lib/apparmor/profiles/click_com.ubuntu.terminal_terminal_0.7.70

There should be a section like this:

# autopilot runs things in out of ~/autopilot/fakeenv, so lets allow running
# things pretty much everywhere but avoid exec conflicts with the autopilot
# include file which has this rule:
# owner @{HOMEDIRS}/autopilot/fakeenv/*/.local/share/@{APP_PKGNAME}/** mrwklix,
/[^h]** pix,
/[^h][^o][^m][^e]** pix,
@{HOMEDIRS}/*/autopilot/[^f][^a][^k][^e]*/** pix,

Which should already allow pretty much everything to be executed under /home if I understand it correclty. The comment seems to imply the same. Still, for reasons that escape me, it does not work. So to make it work, you can just remove (or comment out) this whole section and replace it with:

/** pix,

That should allow the terminal app to always run everything, from everywhere. Afterwards restart apparmor:

sudo service apparmor restart

and you should be good to go.


List all manually installed packages similar to history.log file

To get a list of packages installed locally run this command:

dpkg --get-selections | grep -v deinstall

you can save a file list of all installed packages

dpkg --get-selections | grep -v deinstall > myInstalledPackages.txt


Did 5.8 kernel drop support for BCM43224 wireless?

With better things to search for, I found this:
bug report
The suggestion in the linked comment worked.


I am certain you are not missing out on anything important but cannot say why you are unable to select those packages. Just an oddity of that gui it seems. If you go to Show Applications and search for Software & Updates then you may see more options under the tabs Ubuntu Software or Other Software or Updates that your system will either look for or ignore come update time.


how much space should I allocate in this step?

I don't know your previous steps of course but the left part is Windows and the right part is Ubuntu. Normally it should show an icon but that could be a bug.


I had the same problem, with the same motherboard (Asus Prime B250M-Plus).
I tried to run Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Gnome), Ubuntu-Mate 16.04 LTS (MATE) and Xubuntu 16.04 LTS (xfce), and had the same issue with all.

This only happens when the VGA is plugged. Apparently the motherboard creates a ghost monitor (which is named Laptop eDP-1) as primary monitor, and the real one monitor is set as secondary.
All the Menus and other things are invisible in the primary monitor, while the secondary monitor has only the background picture.

This problem doesn't exist when only HDMI is plugged in.

To get around it you can press Ctrl+Alt+T when you see the mouse pointer to open the terminal in your real monitor, and type:

mate-display-properties

to open Display Preferences. There you can disable the ghost monitor.

In GNOME use gnome-control-center display.


You do can run both OS on separate drives. To do so, the boot manager (grub2?) must be installed on the hard drive with the higher boot order (1?).

To get back windows 7, running Windows repair should do the trick. Use a live usb, it shouldn't be tough.

If you're lucky enough, you will get Grub working perfectly (Yes, windows can "repair" grub, I know what I'm talking about, I saw it with my eyes). If not, you'll at least get Windows 7 working. All you need to do now is using boot-repair with the right settings (flush grub, install on the right disk, ...).

Good luck.

You can get Windows 7 repair either from an installation disk, a working Windows 7 or from some dark places over the web.
You can get boot repair on a live usb using a secure-remix iso or installing it this way :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo sed 's/trusty/saucy/g' -i /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yannubuntu-boot-repair-trusty.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)


Cannot hide Google Drive icon from nautilus menu

Usually Google account was added through GNOME Control Center → Online Accounts.

You can open them from terminal with

gnome-control-center online-accounts

and then remove your account from here.


High CPU usage, even without a real reason

I see Chromium browser which is responsible for high CPU as per screenshot provided of htop command.
That simply means there is something wrong with your Chromium browser.
To check for problems, hit Shift+ESC to while using Chromium to bring up the Chromium task manager, and check out which sub-process is using highest CPU, it may be some extension or a Browser Tab.

Also make sure to disable "Continue running background apps when Google Chrome is closed" under Chromium Settings>Advanced. This option makes Chromium running even after all Tabs are closed which may cause high resource usage on some systems.


Unity not supported on an HP Pavillion g6

Ubuntu comes with an integrated video driver. When you use another driver for your computer it is recommended to remove the native drivers.

Make sure you have installed the driver of your video card. (If it is an NVidia card, you must have the Xserver installed too).

Then, you can remove the native driver of Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get --purge remove xserver-xorg-video-nouveau

This worked for me. Tell me if you have any problems.


Always solve NTFS problems on Windows itself as it's proprietary software.
Now that chkntfs has reported:

The type of the filesystem is RAW.

please restore your backup and try again as something went wrong and you've lost all data on the partition.
Sorry!


Wi-Fi connection almost stops working after some time on an Asus PCE-N15

See this question here - it's the same WLAN adapter, Realtek's RTL 8188CE, and the same behaviour.


16.10 64 Will the below set of commands install Chrome on previous versions of Ubuntu as well as 16.10 x64?

The answer is Yes.

The first command fetches the deb file from web address which isn't changed.

And the second command installs the downloaded deb file which isn't changed either in 16.10.


Dell Inspiron with NVIDIA GPU overheating while gaming on Ubuntu 18.04

I have the same GeForce MX150 in my Dell Ubuntu Series laptop and faced the same issue. I was able to fix the gaming problem by adopting the following configurations (number 1 is mandatory, the others probably are optional):

Configuration 1: in the PowerMizer section from the NVIDIA X Server Settings, there is a dropdown menu with its Preferred Mode options. Please set it to "Prefer Maximum Performance"

Configuration 2: still at the NVIDIA X Server Settings, you can also set the "Image Settings" dropdown in the OpenGL Settings section to "High Performance"

Configuration 3: since that you mentioned that you have tlp installed, you can open a terminal window and type

sudo tlp true

it switches tlp to the battery mode, which (I guess) reduces the power consuption by lowering the clockdown and consequently reducing the overheating.

As I mentioned, probably only configuration 1 is mandatory. Configurations 2 and 3 alone helped me with some games, but didnt solved the issue for all of them, so I'm using the 3 together. But you can check if only configuration 1 is enough for your needs.


I cannot help you with kali, but you should still have your Ubuntu CD lying around.  Boot into that, take the "try Ubuntu" option and you'll end up with a working version of Ubuntu with your Computer's volumes as icons on the launcher.

Click on the volumes containing your ~/ and your /usr (Depending on your installation this might be one and the same volume) and note the directory they're mounted on in the Ubuntu live system.

From a terminal, type:

cp /media/SomeWeirdNumber/home/YourUserName/backup/* /media/SomeWeirdNumner/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/

reboot the machine from the system settings and you should be back where you were before you started messing with X11!  ;-)


Department ID authentication on Canon iR-ADV 6575

You could possibly try resetting the printer to factory settings, and then see if the authentication does come up. Yes, the printer should require Department ID, I have no idea as to why the printer is not working.

EDIT: reading up more about this printer, here is what you are supposed

To enable Department ID Management with the DepartmentID Authenticaion, you need to register the Department ID and PIN.

Press   Management Settings > User Management > Department ID Management.
Press On.
If you want to manage only with the System Manager ID and PIN without implementing Department ID Management, press Off.
IMPORTANT:
If you want to return the login service to the User Authentication and use the Department IDs, set Department ID Management to  and start the User Authentication. Assign Department IDs to users and set Department ID Management of the User Authentication to .
Press Register PIN  > Register.
Enter Department ID and PIN and press OK.
Enter the same PIN again for confirmation, and press OK.
Press OK > OK.

Hope this helps.


How to Install Ubuntu by replacing Windows but without formatting other partitions

Actually it's very simple to do that

I'll start from the something else option because you are asking about that.

Click something else and then choose Continue
A window will open something like:

in your case it would be different and will display two partitions sda1 and sda2 under sda. And also the free space would be at the beginning ;)
Select sda1 and click Delete it will free the space at the beginning.(The picture is just for help, it is at the last in the picture).
Then again select the free space that you've made free and click Add. A window will open something like:

choose the exact value except the size. You have to set the size according to your need and you've to leave some size for Swap space. So I suggest you to leave 4GB for Swap. So allocate around 36 GB of size, click Ok
In the next step again some free space will be left, so select that and again click Add button. this time you have to allocate all the free left space to Swap. You have to chose Use as: option in order to assign that as Swap.
That's all you have to do. While highlighting the sda1 to which you are going to install Ubuntu just click Install Now button.


Getting my internet setup to my Hp 4500 printer

I am not home so this is from memory.

Turn on the printer by pressing the power button.
Press the Setup button.
Use the -> button and select "Setup Wizard."
Follow the steps - easy, just "ok" for the most part.
It will reach a point where it searches for wireless networks.
Select your network.
Using the controls, enter your password when prompted.
Press OK
You should now be able to find the printer over the network.

No special drivers are needed for standard functions, from memory. It should just work after that. Note: Not all the 4500 models actually support wireless connectivity, as I recall. Ensure that your model does by reading the owner's manual. The owner's manual will also go into any details I may have missed but I think that was all there was to it. Once configured you can, as I recall, also log into the control panel (and change any other settings) by way of connecting via the IP address. At home I have it locked so it is automatically: http://192.168.1.101 with my browser of choice.


Find ports locked to process running in the background

It is possible. You could use netstat -a | egrep 'Proto|LISTEN'


By default while installation ubuntu does not set root password. It creates a default User, based on what you enter in "Enter your Name" , and sudo rights are given to it.

Double check if your caps lock was on and try to login from shell (Ctrl+Alt+F1/F2), not with "root" as username.


Installation Failure of VirtualBox Extension

I know it is late but I have the same problem and this is a solution that works:

cd to the directory of extension pack file. (for ease of access, move it first to home).
run this command:

sudo VBoxManage extpack install <tarball>

where tarball is the full name of the extension pack file. BEWARE! Do not rename the file before hand. It should start with something like Oracle_VM_* and finished with *.vbox-extpack. Type that without the * mark, and then just hit TAB.


Probably, this might help you - https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestoreUbuntu/XP/Vista/7Bootloader


How do I install WebKitGTK+ in Ubuntu14.04

All the dependencies required for building WebKitGTK+3 :

gst-plugins-base-1.6.3
GTK+-2.24.29 or GTK+-3.18.7
ICU-56.1
libgudev-230
libsecret-0.18.4
libsoup-2.52.2
libwebp-0.5.0
Mesa-11.1.2
Ruby-2.3.0
SQLite-3.11.0
Which-2.21


No results in Music lens! Music files appear in File lens!

Go to Privacy, then go to Files tab, there is an option to select folder to do not register activity, add your music folder. Log out, come back and voilà.

And you don't need to disable the zeitgeist plugin of rhythmbox to show the music in the Music lens,because the Music lens works with the music library files that rhythmbox generates in  ~/.local/rhythmbox/

Greetings!


Is there a current nvidia driver package from xorg-edgers?

The "-current" suffix refers to the compatibility of these drivers: it is for recent generations Nvidia cards. The nvidia-310 and nvidia-313 packages are targetted at the same generation nvidia cards, you can safely use them as replacement for nvidia-current. In fact, these packages provide the package nvidia-current in the next Ubuntu version (Raring).

If you really want to stick to the nvidia-current naming, you can try adding the ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates PPA, that still provides packages named nvidia-current.


To answer your specific question about the kernel proposed updates - the last main update for the kernel was v2.6.35-32.67.  A slight increment was proposed at the end of March but was not pushed into the main repositories when the support date completed.

The change was relatively small - thus, unless you are looking for those specific fixes, I would stay with the stable and most widely tested kernel in the main repository.

Now that the support arrangements for maverick has been removed, the April 2012 archives is a good reference for the last remaining changes to maverick.

There can be a small number of proposed updates that miss the push to main - that is to be expected.  If you look at the lp number [i.e. the launchpad reference] for the bug fix in question (look at the change log in update-manager), it usually gives a good indication how far it moved through the testing process before being pushed.

In summary - proposed repository was for testing.  These updates did not complete their testing process before the support arrangements completed.  You only need to update to specific packages if you were looking for a specific bug-fix that a proposed package may have contained.


Why my Dell Studio 1555 getting over heated in Ubuntu 11.10?

Looks like a known bug still present , see - https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/748080

Try doing following as mentioned in comments, see if it improves any thing

echo low | sudo tee /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_profile

Here is a way to install fglrx drivers for legacy version.

How to install amd catalyst legacy drivers in ubuntu 12.10

This link was posted as answer of What is the correct way to install proprietary ATI Catalyst Video Drivers (fglrx) directly from AMD?


is there a ubuntu to android screen share tool?

It's relatively easy to do. Just enable remote desktop sharing on your Ubuntu computer, and then use a vnc client on the android tablet.

So for example, on the kde desktop, use krfb. I think on gnome you use remote desktop sharing from system settings.

Any vnc client on android should work.

Don't forget to allow the incoming connection through your linux firewall.

I would not recommend this for internet access though, only on a local network.


I found one for Chromium, I am using E17(enlightenment) for the desktop it will recognize the two mice for moving separate windows at the same time, then using this plugin https://chrome.google.com/webstore/search/multi%20touch?utm_source=chrome-ntp-icon

Click on the little blue hand near the favorites star, and "try" and use it, Notice that it is terrible, but it's something in the right direction I think.  Trying to preform gestures that you would usually do with fingers is hard.


This will remove the remainder:

cd ~/Downloads
sudo rm -rf Fern-Wifi-Cracker

Make sure to type this as is. You should not get any errors.


How to automatically change the volume after Pulse Audios starts?

The pulseaudio module responsible to restore any device's volume to values before rebooting is the module-device-restore. If restoring devices does not work as expected  we may want to check if that module was loaded with:

pacmd list-modules

If it was not there we should add the module to our default.pa settings file. This file is located in /etc/pulse by default but we can have an additinal per-user default.pa overriding this in ~/.pulse/ or in ~/.config/pulse/. When editing make sure you choose the appropriate file, and make a backup beforehand.

To load module-device-restore on starting the pulseaudio sound server the following line has to be included (or uncommented) in the default.pa:

load-module module-device-restore


ubuntu-touch: quickest way to open a bookmark

There is a bookmarks scope already, it's called Browser Bookmarks. You just have to install OpenStore to install said scope: http://notyetthere.org/openstore-tweakgeek-and-more/


How to execute a specific command on opening a terminal

You can add cmatrix command in your ~/.bashrc file located at home folder:

echo 'cmatrix' >> ~/.bashrc

NOTE: Please ensure that you use >>, the append operator. If you use >, it will replace your whole ~/.bashrc with cmatrix only.


[Sloved] Actually it is code problem. After drawing I wrote Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().sync(); and it works perfectly. I don't know why my code worked good on windows without Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().sync();.


Is possible to force only Deluge to connect via PPTP?

You can set an IP address for incoming connections but I think the best way for all traffic is to use iptables. There a Unix StackExchange question about setting this up: Only allow certain outbound traffic on certain interfaces


You were close—Software Center just keeps a cache of the APT history in your home folder. If you need to wipe it:

Delete the APT history log, /var/log/apt/history.log*. (Don't forget the rotated log files.)
Delete the Software Center's pickled cache, ~/.cache/software-center/apthistory.p, from every user's home folder.

I'm not sure why your question was down-voted.


How do I change the top bar font in GNOME 3.30.1?

to make entire top bar items size:

change the content in your gnome-shell.css file under .themes folder like below, put any value for your preferred font-size.

/* TOP BAR */
#panel {
  background-color: rgba(39, 42, 42, 0.85);
  /* transition from solid to transparent */
  transition-duration: 250ms;
  font-weight: bold;
  height: 2em;
  font-size: 10px;
}


So close to my first build! Ethernet connected but no internet, 17.04, Intel I217-V, Driver: e1000e

Please click the Network Manager icon and select Edit Connections. Under IPv4 settings, enter DNS nameservers like this:

Restart Network Manager:

sudo service network-manager restart

Test:

ping -c3 8.8.8.8
ping -c3 www.ubuntu.com


Just search in dash for disks and then edit the mount points of the secondary drives using the Edit Mount Points option-

information gathered from here. as its similar.


Ubuntu 18.04 LTS configuring WEPA WiFi for static address

Things to check:

networkctl status wlx0013efc2074b to verify that networkd
sees that it is supposed to manage the device
iwconfig wlx0013efc2074b to verify whether the device has managed to associate with the AP


Yardi on Ubuntu, Patric, digitalbeachbum

First of all this is a UBUNTU-Site and not a Microsoft-Site. So why would you ask to have it installed on Windows-System.

The person you were looking for has installed it on Ubuntu in combo with wine, thats a little bit different.

I still have a recommendation though, try it with DOSBOX.

http://www.dosbox.com/download.php?main=1


Can't boot Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS after installing it

It looks like your system uses an NVMe disk, which means your Boot Info Script output is somewhat lacking; however, there's enough information that I can be pretty confident that your problem is caused by the ubuntu boot entry not being in the boot order. To fix it, try these steps:

Your efibootmgr output (lines 258-271 of the Boot Info Script output) indicates that Windows is first in the boot order. You might be able to move the ubuntu entry to the top of the boot order by using EasyUEFI in Windows or efibootmgr in Ubuntu. (Type sudo efibootmgr -o 0000,0002,0003,2001,2002,2003 to add Ubuntu to the start of the boot list.)
If you can't adjust the boot order, you might want to try using your firmware's setup utility to reset all the firmware options to their defaults. This may wipe the existing Ubuntu entry, which you'd need to re-create; but it's possible it would enable you to set the boot order when you try again.
If resetting the firmware fails, then chances are your firmware is defective. If possible, my recommendation at this point is to return the computer for a refund and buy one that works. If that's not possible, there are ugly workarounds, like renaming GRUB/Shim so that it's launched in place of the Windows boot loader, and moving the Windows boot loader to another location. The Boot Repair utility can do this semi-automatically by using an option to back up and rename boot loader files on its Advanced menu.


This can be done with a hidden configuration setting. To have the dock only show windows of the current workspace, copy and paste following command in the terminal or in the run prompt you get when pressing Alt+F2:
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock isolate-workspaces true

To revert to the default setting, issue the command
gsettings reset org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock isolate-workspaces


VisualBoy Advance is the best I've found. It's the simplest to install and run. You can find it here: https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/saucy/visualboyadvance-gtk/.

Here is a guide I found to run old Gameboy Color games in color. I have not personally tested this guide, but this user does capture Gameboy games for internet posting using this method (they're in color): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p37UfVSzcrY


When I try to CURL a website I get SSL error

The Website uses the old TLS protocol version 1.0, which has been disabled by default since Ubuntu 20.04.
To temporarily override the default for your curl command, you can create a config file somewhere (e.g. ~/.openssl_allow_tls1.0.cnf with following content:
openssl_conf = openssl_init

[openssl_init]
ssl_conf = ssl_sect

[ssl_sect]
system_default = system_default_sect

[system_default_sect]
CipherString = DEFAULT@SECLEVEL=1

Then run your command like this:
OPENSSL_CONF=~/.openssl_allow_tls1.0.cnf curl -v https://imenik.tportal.hr/show?action=pretraga&type=bijeleStranice

(this will only set OPENSSL_CONF for that single command)
or
export OPENSSL_CONF=~/.openssl_allow_tls1.0.cnf
curl -v https://imenik.tportal.hr/show?action=pretraga&type=bijeleStranice

(this will only set OPENSSL_CONF for the current session or script)
You could also set it globally in /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf, but it has been disabled for good reasons and I would only override that when necessary.
(via)


win7 dual boot with ubuntu, bad pool loader BSOD

I removed on Ram stick and the issue got solved. Not sure from where the problem comes but it seems windows is having issue handling the two ram sticks now.


Unable to ping inside or outside network with default gateway 0.0.0.0

Turns out this was a hardware issue- there's a known manufacturing defect in the ethernet controller. EVGA x58 micro, if you were curious.


SSH->SCP connection without password prompt on every attempt

yes, you can use key pairs like you do for ssh (scp ist "the same")

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=938969

create a rsa key pair with no password, move/copy the public part to destination machine and enjoy!


Align window buttons to the right in GNOME fallback mode?

The old way does work still, you just have to be more patient with it:

Run (or do whatever you do - you'll need to install gconf2 for this one)

gconftool-2 --set /apps/metacity/general/button_layout \
 --type string "menu:minimize,maximize,close"

Then log out. And log back in again.

Before 11.10 the change was instant but I'm guessing now the settings are loaded out of gconf into something else at login and don't refresh until you've started a new session.


NFS mount - access denied on Ubuntu but mounts ok on CentOS

The issue you have, you allowed access from the IP your CentOS is on but the Ubuntu host doesn't have access.

Control your /etc/exports and adjust them accordingly.


Can I configure Prnt-screen key order to be stored in my pictures folder?

The keybindings for "Print" key at

line no. 503

<keybind key="Print">
  <action name="Execute">
    <command>lxsession-default screenshot</command>
  </action>
</keybind>

and at line no. 508

<keybind key="Print">        # Immediate scrot of active window
  <action name="Execute"><command>sh -c 'scrot -u /home/j18/Pictures/"$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)".png'</command></action>
</keybind>

are causing duplicate screenshots.

Just remove the one at 503 and screenshots won't show up in your home folder.

Also, you could remove the  "sh -c"

<command> scrot -u ~/Pictures/"$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)".png<command>

will work just fine.

For the changes to have the effect restart the session or run

openbox --reconfigure


Have I compromised my security because of unpacking an installation archive?

A few points to make based on your post:

It doesn't look like you've run anything as root. It would have asked for a password.
Running things as root isn't automatically evil...
...Just as things can be insecure (and ruin your day) when not run as root.

You've just not been able to find where this has extracted to. You haven't really run anything new. You are probably no less secure than before you did whatever it is you did.

I'd suggest following the given instructions to the letter instead of deviating and using Archive Manager... Well obviously not to the exact letter because you have to replace LANG with en-US... But you know what I mean.

If whatever you were doing extracted anything, it would have created a directory called tor-browser_en-US. You can find this:

find / -type d -name 'tor-browser_en-US' 2>/dev/null


I had that same setback myself too.  This approach was the one that I used that solved the issue on my end:

We are removing the apt of postgresql that was from the repository.

sudo apt-get remove -y --purge postgresql*

We then are making source list to download Postgre directly from the company.

sudo touch /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list

and add this line to pgdg.list
for 12.04 or 12.10:

deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ precise-pgdg main

for 13.04 or 13.10

deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ wheezy-pgdg main

Then ctrl-x as to save the pgdg.list and finally to get out back to command line.
We then grab keys to use this deb package:

wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | \
sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get update

Then it'll install the postgresql-9.3.


Ubuntu option disappear from grub 11.10 after update on a dual partition

Maybe the boot repair tool will help (see also this answer). You can install it inside a live system using:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Here's some information how to proceed in grub rescue mode.


When installing Ubuntu in UEFI mode, it asks where to install the boot loader

As @alexey has already suggested in the comments (but I’m not allowed to comment), it indeed seems like a bug in installer that still persists. I could confirm it in the installer of Xubuntu 19.04. The documentation statement quoted above also still exists. I did double-check that legacy mode is disabled and the live medium was booting in UEFI mode. Expecting that it doesn’t have an effect, I left the choice of boot loader installation target at the disk root. The installation worked without issues. I did it on Dell Inspiron 11 3162 alongside Windows (select “something else”) where I was replacing Ubuntu 17.04 that was previously installed.

Partitioning dialogue in the installation process showing a drop-down menu for the boot loader installation device:


Is it possible to convert the system installed from ubuntu-20.10-live-server-amd64.iso to the mini.iso-like system?

It is possible by careful comparison of the installed package lists and file-systems.
To have a reference we need to install the 20.04 LTS from its mini.iso and then upgrade it to the 20.10.
It does not have snapd, uses 3.8 Gb and has 372 deb-packages.
Warning: do not proceed if you are unsure or if you have installed or configured many stuff to the system.
At first we need to remove Snap:
sudo apt autopurge snapd

Then remove extra packages:
sudo apt autopurge alsa-topology-conf alsa-ucm-conf apport apport-symptoms at bc bcache-tools bolt btrfs-progs byobu cloud-guest-utils cloud-init cloud-initramfs-copymods cloud-initramfs-dyn-netconf cryptsetup cryptsetup-bin cryptsetup-initramfs cryptsetup-run curl dbus-user-session dconf-gsettings-backend:amd64 dconf-service dirmngr dmeventd eatmydata ethtool finalrd fonts-ubuntu-console fwupd fwupd-signed gawk gdisk gir1.2-packagekitglib-1.0 git git-man glib-networking:amd64 glib-networking-common glib-networking-services gnupg gnupg-l10n gnupg-utils gpg gpg-agent gpg-wks-client gpg-wks-server gpgconf gpgsm gsettings-desktop-schemas htop kpartx landscape-common libaio1:amd64 libappstream4:amd64 libarchive13:amd64 libasn1-8-heimdal:amd64 libasound2:amd64 libasound2-data libassuan0:amd64 libcanberra0:amd64 libcurl3-gnutls:amd64 libcurl4:amd64 libdbus-glib-1-2:amd64 libdconf1:amd64 libdevmapper-event1.02.1:amd64 libdw1:amd64 libeatmydata1:amd64 liberror-perl libevdev2:amd64 libevent-2.1-7:amd64 libfl2:amd64 libfwupd2:amd64 libfwupdplugin1:amd64 libgcab-1.0-0:amd64 libgdbm-compat4:amd64 libglib2.0-bin libgpgme11:amd64 libgpm2:amd64 libgssapi3-heimdal:amd64 libgstreamer1.0-0:amd64 libgudev-1.0-0:amd64 libgusb2:amd64 libhcrypto4-heimdal:amd64 libheimbase1-heimdal:amd64 libheimntlm0-heimdal:amd64 libhx509-5-heimdal:amd64 libimobiledevice6:amd64 libisns0:amd64 libjcat1:amd64 libjson-glib-1.0-0:amd64 libjson-glib-1.0-common libkrb5-26-heimdal:amd64 libksba8:amd64 libldap-2.4-2:amd64 libldap-common libltdl7:amd64 liblvm2cmd2.03:amd64 liblzo2-2:amd64 libmspack0:amd64 libnghttp2-14:amd64 libnpth0:amd64 libogg0:amd64 libopeniscsiusr0.2.0 libpackagekit-glib2-18:amd64 libperl5.30:amd64 libplist3:amd64 libpolkit-agent-1-0:amd64 libproxy1v5:amd64 libpython3.8:amd64 libreadline5:amd64 libroken18-heimdal:amd64 librtmp1:amd64 libsasl2-2:amd64 libsasl2-modules:amd64 libsasl2-modules-db:amd64 libsgutils2-2 libsigsegv2:amd64 libsmbios-c2 libsoup2.4-1:amd64 libssh-4:amd64 libstemmer0d:amd64 libtdb1:amd64 libtss2-esys0 libupower-glib3:amd64 liburcu6:amd64 libusbmuxd6:amd64 libutempter0:amd64 libvorbis0a:amd64 libvorbisfile3:amd64 libwind0-heimdal:amd64 libxmlb1:amd64 libxmlsec1:amd64 libxmlsec1-openssl:amd64 libxslt1.1:amd64 lvm2 lxd-agent-loader mdadm motd-news-config multipath-tools net-tools open-iscsi open-vm-tools overlayroot packagekit packagekit-tools pastebinit patch perl perl-modules-5.30 pinentry-curses policykit-1 pollinate python3-apport python3-attr python3-automat python3-blinker python3-click python3-colorama python3-configobj python3-constantly python3-cryptography python3-debconf python3-debian python3-distutils python3-hamcrest python3-httplib2 python3-hyperlink python3-importlib-metadata python3-incremental python3-jeepney python3-jinja2 python3-json-pointer python3-jsonpatch python3-jsonschema python3-jwt python3-keyring python3-launchpadlib python3-lazr.restfulclient python3-lazr.uri python3-lib2to3 python3-markupsafe python3-more-itertools python3-newt:amd64 python3-oauthlib python3-openssl python3-pexpect python3-problem-report python3-ptyprocess python3-pyasn1 python3-pyasn1-modules python3-pyrsistent:amd64 python3-requests-unixsocket python3-secretstorage python3-serial python3-service-identity python3-setuptools python3-simplejson python3-software-properties python3-systemd python3-twisted python3-twisted-bin:amd64 python3-wadllib python3-zipp python3-zope.interface run-one sbsigntool screen secureboot-db sg3-utils sg3-utils-udev software-properties-common sosreport sound-theme-freedesktop thermald thin-provisioning-tools tmux tpm-udev ubuntu-server unattended-upgrades update-notifier-common upower usbmuxd vim vim-runtime xfsprogs zerofree

Then install packages which are exist in system installed from mini.iso with
sudo apt update
sudo apt install bsdmainutils calendar cpp cpp-10 dictionaries-common emacsen-common fdisk installation-report krb5-locales language-pack-en language-pack-en-base language-pack-gnome-en language-pack-gnome-en-base laptop-detect libfdisk1:amd64 libisl22:amd64 libmpc3:amd64 libmpdec2:amd64 libmpfr6:amd64 libsodium23:amd64 ncal popularity-contest python3-cffi-backend python3-nacl python3-pymacaroons tasksel tasksel-data wamerican wbritish

Finally adjust the configuration files by removing leftovers of Subiquity-installed system:
sudo rm /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/90curtin-aptproxy
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.curtin.old
sudo rm -rf /etc/cloud
sudo rm -rf /etc/multipath
sudo rm -rf /etc/network
sudo rm -rf /etc/pollinate
sudo rm -rf /etc/systemd/system/network-online.target.wants
sudo rm -rf /etc/systemd/system/snapd.service.d/
sudo rm /etc/crypttab

sudo mv /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

and by adding configuration files from mini.iso install:
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# For more information, see netplan(5).
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp0s3:
      dhcp4: yes
EOF

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/00aptitude
Aptitude::Get-Root-Command "sudo:/usr/bin/sudo";
EOF

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/00trustcdrom
APT::Authentication::TrustCDROM "true";
EOF

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/kernel-img.conf
# Kernel image management overrides
# See kernel-img.conf(5) for details
do_symlinks = yes
do_bootloader = no
do_initrd = yes
link_in_boot = yes
EOF

Then reboot and enjoy.

As you can see the above process is a bit difficult and not user-friendly.
So I want to draw attention to this problem and invite you to participate in poll at Ubuntu Discourse.


How to automount a unit when i click on an executable shortcut to that unit

You could write a script for it. Now I won't claim to be a pro scripter (too lazy), but here's an example of what you could do:

  gksu mount /dev/insertpartitionnamehere && exec teamspeak


This may have something to do with why you are not receiving the upgrade:

In case you missed it in the release notes[1] and hear people asking
about it, I wanted to let you know that users of Ubuntu 20.10 are not
being prompted to upgrade to Ubuntu 21.04. Subsequently, upgrading to
Ubuntu 21.04 still requires running do-release-upgrade with the '-d'
switch. This is due to a bug[2] with the current version of shim in
Ubuntu 21.04 which can cause systems with an early version of EFI to
fail to boot after the upgrade. Due to the severity of the issue we
shouldn't be encouraging people to upgrade at this point in time.
After we have a new version of shim signed will make it available in
Ubuntu 21.04 and then enable upgrades.


Create file in home directory from another directory

Here is an alternative to touch, just redirect nothing to a file:

> ~/newfile

Important: it will overwrite the file if it's already there, however you can use:

(set -C; > ~/newfile)

so it's not going to be overwritten if it's already exist.

here is another fun way to do this:

cat <<<"" >> ~/newfile

the cat is unnecessary so we can just use:

>> ~/newfile


Change Hard Disk Boot order without using BIOS settings

Yes there is for EFI: efibootmgr

$ efibootmgr
BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0044,004E,004F
Boot0000* ubuntu
Boot0044* UEFI OS
Boot004E* ubuntu
Boot004F* CD/DVD Drive

... shows the current boot order. efibootmgr -v (more details, including GUID) to list them:

BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0000
Boot0000* ubuntu    HD(1,GPT,066aad32-119e-407c-af62-64ce08918c66,0x800,0x17800)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)
Boot0044* UEFI OS   HD(1,GPT,066aad32-119e-407c-af62-64ce08918c66,0x800,0x17800)/File(\EFI\BOOT\BOOTX64.EFI)
Boot004E* ubuntu    HD(1,GPT,066aad32-119e-407c-af62-64ce08918c66,0x800,0x17800)/File(\EFI\Ubuntu\grubx64.efi)
Boot004F* CD/DVD Drive  BBS(CDROM,,0x0)..GO..NO........o.M.A.T.S.H.I.T.A.D.V.D.-.R.A.M. .U.J.8.G.6....................A...........................>..Gd-.;.A..MQ..L.0.H.2.9. . .7.7.7.6.7.4. . . . . . . . ........BO

The -o option lets you change the bootorder:

-o | --bootorder XXXX,YYYY,ZZZZ
Explicitly set BootOrder (hex).  Any value from 0 to FFFF
is accepted so long as it corresponds to an existing
Boot#### variable, and zero padding is not required.

Example:

sudo efibootmgr -o 0
[sudo] password for rinzwind:
BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0000
Boot0000* ubuntu
Boot0044* UEFI OS
Boot004E* ubuntu
Boot004F* CD/DVD Drive

and

 sudo efibootmgr -o 4F
BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 004F
Boot0000* ubuntu
Boot0044* UEFI OS
Boot004E* ubuntu
Boot004F* CD/DVD Drive

1 small issue: not all bios are correctly storing this so if yours faulty too it might reset to the previous; in that case you would need to redo the command every time.


How can i change the color of the rectangle made by the mouse when i press (and keep) the left button?

Appearance/your_current_theme/Customize/Colors/Selected Items/Background. That will change the color. You can play around and reduce the saturation, but I'm not sure how you will get a transparent effect. In my example I changed the highlight color in Ambiance to blue, and saved it as a custom theme called Ambiance Blue. I think that some themes don't support some color changes. If you change a color and don't see a result, try a different theme.


Why doesn't printing from Windows XP to 12.04 using Samba work?

Probably you didn't set you auth user and password very well.
I also had that problem and solution was to enter syntax: username@domain instead of domain\username.

Also you can check on this page, there is solution for allmost all printer problems:http://linuxibos.blogspot.com/2012/05/seprinters-linux.html
Here is link how to map drive , but you can use that concept for printers:
http://linuxibos.blogspot.com/2012/05/map-network-drive-in-linux.html


You haven't run

./myscript

as you say in your question, you have run

./ myscript

and you error message was

bash: ./: Is a directory

Note, the correct syntax is: No space character between the path ./ and the name of your script.


You need to make sure you set up the MSSQL repository for the mssql-tools and then install it.  None of the MSSQL stuff is available out of the box.

Caveats:

16.04 is the only available version of Ubuntu supported at the time of this post.
Since this post, only LTSes are guaranteed to work, interim releases may work but LTSes are preferred environments.

(Source)

    NOTE FROM THOMAS WARD: These are from Microsoft, I don't necessarily endorse all their recommended procedures.

  Install tools on Ubuntu

  Enter Superuser Mode

  sudo su
  Import the public repository GPG keys:

  curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add -
  Register the Microsoft Ubuntu repository:

  curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/16.04/prod.list > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/msprod.list
  Exit superuser mode:

  exit
  Update the sources list and run the installation command:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mssql-tools


Don't concern yourself with uninstalling, simply boot the CD, read and follow the prompts. If you like, you can use the same disk partitions, or redefine them. To be sure that there's nothing left, elect to "Format" the partitions.

Better luck next time!

You could also boot the CD, select "Try Ubuntu without installing", mount the harddisk, and copy your important data from it to another disk, USB key, or whatever.


Ubuntu 18.04 turn off microphone volume auto adjust on Zoom

The simplest way is to uncheck the "Automatically adjust volume" option in the audio settings from your zoom account.


How Do I Use a Photos Directory as my Screensaver?

You need to specify in the advanced options of xscreensaver-demo the folder that contains your photos.

Note - in previous versions of Ubuntu you could have used a screensaver called glslideshow - however this doesnt appear to work in 11.10.

There are a number of other photo-screensavers available in xscreensaver:

blitspin
carousel
decayscreen
distort
flipscreen3d
mirrorblob
photopile
ripples
rotzoomer
slidescreen
slip
spotlight
twang
zoom

To use one of the screensavers above with your photo's folder, ensure you use "only one screensaver" mode.

Don't forget to choose settings to fine-tune how the screensaver will operate.


This isn't how DNS works. For websites (and their servers) here's how things work:

User punches in askubuntu.com
Browser requests a resolution from domain name to IP from the operating system's networking stack
This trickles through to the registrar which links to the nameservers for the domain
The nameserver provides an IP back along the chain for the browser
The browser connects to the IP (implicitly on port 80) and sends a GET request:

GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: askubuntu.com

If the server daemon supports it, it will look at the Host segment before deciding which virtualhost to process the request as.

This is how you can host multiple websites off the same IP address.

But HTTP and its servers are special; this domain-aware requesting was developed over many years. Most server daemons don't care about DNS. All they really care about is what interface or IP and port they're hosted on and where they allow connections from.

This is the case of a COD4 or Minecraft server. They are told what interface and port to host on but that's it. When a COD4 client connects, it's doing the same DNS resolution (up to part 4) but the client isn't sending the domain name and the server wouldn't care if it did.

In short, you could stick in any domain that resolved to your game server's IP.

The only way to make this work the way you would want is to make sure your subdomainless domain name points to a different IP address of your game servers. You could do that. Most hosts allow the purchase of additional domains so you could have:

example.com and www.exmaple.com on 1.1.1.1,
cod.example.com on 1.1.1.2, and
mc.example.com on 1.1.1.3

Is any of that worth it? No. Plus it's frankly a waste of IPv4 IPs which are already a scarce resource.


Global menu is very sluggish in Ubuntu 13.10

I have noticed the same problem. Among others, thats why I removed global menu in Ubuntu. Seems to work. Firefox and the other applications do not have a global menu anymore. "Files" aka "Nautilus" do not have a menu-bar at all (and nothing in global menu) but as I can remember I never needed it (is there any menu anyway?) There is no menu for Chromium anymore. But seriousely: I cannot remember if there was any before I removed the global menu. Anything in chromium seems to be reachable via the menu-button at the right side.

For short: so far everything seems to be fine with disabling global menu.


How to convert gjf format to xyz format?

I wrote some thing like below and it works but it is almost stupid

#!/bin/bash

 for file_name in *.gjf; do

 grep '[0-9]\.[0-9][0-9]' $file_name  | cat > tmp

 cp tmp tmp2

 wc -l < tmp > ${file_name%.*}.xyz

 echo "" >> ${file_name%.*}.xyz

 cat tmp2 >> ${file_name%.*}.xyz

 rm tmp tmp2

 done


Cross fading several audio files using sox

This can be done using a script crossfade_cat.sh as I learned from this answer by Frank Zalcow on Stack Overflow.

I am using this script (given in the answer) to call it

crossfade_dur=1
i=0

for file in *.wav
do

    i=$((i+1))

    if [ $i -eq 1 ]
    then
        cp $file mix.wav
    else
        crossfade_cat.sh $crossfade_dur mix.wav $file auto auto
    fi

done

I had all the files in the same directory and made the scripts executable. It worked for me


How to reconfigure libtool after upgrading gcc

Answering my own question: The problem didn't really have anything to do with libtool (although it was revealed when building packages that used libtool). I had updated gcc and g++ to 4.8, but cpp was still at 4.6.3. After installing cpp-4.8 the problem is fixed.

Just for the record, the following should work fine for upgrading gcc to 4.8 on ubuntu 12.04:

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install gcc-4.8 g++-4.8 cpp-4.8
$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/cpp cpp /usr/bin/cpp-4.8 100 \
    --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.8 \
    --slave /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8