How can I find all the additional packages I installed?

I believe there are better ways to do this, but this works.

First download the Ubuntu manifest file for your Ubuntu release

wget -c "releases.ubuntu.com/$(lsb_release -r -s)/ubuntu-$(lsb_release -r -s)-desktop-$(dpkg --print-architecture).manifest" -O ubuntu.manifest

Then generate the list of packages you have in your system and save it in a file called installed

dpkg-query -W -f='${binary:Package}\t${Version}\n' > installed

Then copy and paste this python code to a file naming pkg-diff.py (or whatever name you want)

f = open('ubuntu.manifest', 'r')

default = []
for line in f:
  default.append(line.split('\t')[0])

f2 = open('installed', 'r')
installed = []
for line in f2:
  installed.append(line.split('\t')[0])

extras = list(set(installed) - set(default))

print("\n".join(extras))

Finally execute the python script using the command in a terminal.

python3 ./pkg-diff.py

It should give you the list of packages you installed additionally.

Note: All files should be in same directory.


Try the following in the terminal: Firstly remove this package if it is installed as it apparently causes Nvidia Settings to crash on start

sudo apt-get purge libvdpau-va-gl1

If you have Nouveau installed, remove that too as it is not compatible with the proprietary  product you are after instead for Nvidia. Next, install Nvidia prime, with the drivers you want

sudo apt-get install nvidia-319 nvidia-settings-319 nvidia-prime

Reboot.


Can't switch 3 languages: English-US (as base), Russian and Ukrainian. Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty (desktop:Unity)

If you don't see Text Entry under System Settings, some packages are probably missing. To fix it, open a terminal window and do:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

Then (at least at next login) Text Entry ought to be available. Add the input sources of your choice there.


Trouble upgrading ubuntu 11.10 to 12.04 LTS after upgrading from 10.04

Ubuntu 10.04 is old and has reached end of life.

I would recommend to backup your home folder and do a fresh install of a later version. I would recommend 12.04LTS if you prefer a more stable but less up to date system or 13.04 if you want the latest software versions.

I would prefer a fresh installation instead of upgrading, since it's cleaner and faster. You'll have to reinstall software but I think it's less time consuming than upgrading.

A fresh install + reinstallation of software is, generally speaking, much quicker than an upgrade.


The default mode for CPU frequency in Ubuntu is Ondemand, with demand the speed goes up, however you can control that either with cpu-freq indicator or Jupiter power applet.


Suddenly connection via wpa_supplicant fails without obvious reason

The issue is solved

It is related to interesting side effect of driver initialization optimization. I have one physical wireless adapter with two virtual interfaces: client (managed) and hotspot (access point). The correct order of load is AP and then Managed (this is another issue, not sure where it comes from). When both interfaces are brought up at the same time or close enough one to another, later interface tries to reuse already loaded instance of device driver, which is obviously impossible (and this is where "Operation not permitted" comes from), so wpa_supplicant is not being initialized properly.

The solution is make AP to be loaded automatically at early stage, while leave Managed to manual mode. Then modify rc.local (or any other late running trigger) to enable Managed interface. For me (sleep 20 || sudo ifup wlan1) & works perfectly, so problem is solved.

Having said that, i think that it is required to open ticket for Debian to fix this issue, since, it is clearly OS bug.


Edubuntu Menu Editor - Profile Manager Problem

Try this tool, It will allow you to create, delete, and edit groups/menu items.


The only other problem here might be the WIFI controller.  Sometimes these are configured to isolate clients.  In other words, you can browse the internet, but you are forbidden to see anything in the same subnet as you - this is the default on many Cisco systems and an option on draytek and presumably others.

If you have access to the WIFI gateway, check for node isolation.


Move a persistent USB Ubuntu to a smaller USB drive

Just copy the casper-rw file from one USB drive to the other.

casper-rw is the name of the file where the Live USD stores persistent information.

Since the size of thencasper-rw file itself is 4GB, and Ubuntu will require an additional GB or so, you'll need a larger USB drive, say 8GB.


How is it easier to make a persistent live drive with Ubuntu 19.10?

Persistent live drive with a partition for persistence

Yes, there are some web sites describing new tools and new features in
[new versions of] old tools that can create a persistent live drive from
an iso file with Ubuntu 19.10 and the corresponding Ubuntu family flavours.

A new feature or fixed bug ('feature request' or 'bug fix' according to
this link)
makes it possible to use a partition for persistence, when booting directly
from a cloned or extracted copy from the iso file.

This makes it much easier to create a live drive with a partition for
persistence with Ubuntu 19.10.
In previous versions of Ubuntu it was possible to use a file in a FAT32
file system for persistence. Its size is limited to 4 GiB. It was possible
to boot via grub in a separate partition (from the content of the iso file)
and use a partition for persistence. But this is more complicated so not
suitable for manual methods.
In 19.10 and future versions the size of a partition for persistence is
only limited by the size of the drive (USB pendrive, SSD, HDD, memory card).
Debian 10 live iso files have also this feature, and can be used to create
persistent live drives with a partition for persistence.
Newest new: In the developing Focal Fossa, to be released as 20.04 LTS, the default label of the partition for persistence is changed from casper-rw to writable. This is implemented in mkusb-plug version 2.5.5, (which is bundled with mkusb version 12.4.3 in the PPA).

Tools

Ubuntu and Debian

mkusb - works with all current
versions of Ubuntu

If you run standard Ubuntu live, you need an extra instruction to get the
repository Universe. (Kubuntu, Lubuntu ... Xubuntu have the repository
Universe activated automatically.)

sudo add-apt-repository universe  # only for standard Ubuntu

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mkusb/ppa  # and press Enter
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mkusb mkusb-nox usb-pack-efi

mkusb-minp - small
stand-alone shellscript that can use this new feature in Ubuntu 19.10. It works with Debian 10 too.

Please read the warnings when you try older versions or re-spins
(distros based on Ubuntu)

Beginning of dialogue:

End of dialogue:

mkusb-plug - small
set of shellscripts that can use this new feature in Ubuntu 19.10. It works with Debian 10 too. I think you will find things easier with this new and very safe tool with a graphical user interface.

Windows

Update: Rufus - a well-known tool that can use this new
feature in Ubuntu 19.10. Be sure to use the current version (Rufus 3.9 or newer),

works well to create live-only drives with all current Ubuntu versions,
can create persistent live drives with Ubuntu 19.10 and future versions. Please upgrade to version 3.9 (or newer), which creates a good ext3 file system and can make good persistent live drives.
Please read the changelog at the web site, and the warnings (pop-up windows), they can help you avoid serious mistakes.
Edit: Rufus 3.9 has arrived :-)

Simple method where the iso file is edited before cloning

This new feature in Ubuntu 19.10 can be used also from Windows,

Use HxD (a binary editor) to edit the iso file in order to replace two cosmetic boot options 'quiet splash' with 'persistent  ' (replace 12 characters with 12 characters)
Use Win32 Disk Imager to clone the edited iso file
The first time the cloned drive is booted, the Ubuntu system will create a casper-rw partition with an ext4 file system automatically. Simple and robust!
There are detailed descriptions at these links:

wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager/iso2usb/persistent

wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager/iso2usb

MacOS and Windows and Linux

Unetbootin - you have to create a casper-rw
partition for persistence manually and remove or rename the casper-rw file

See this link describing how to add a persistent partition to a UNetbootin live/persistent USB (Ubuntu 19.10+)

Please notice 'Space used to preserve files across reboots ...'

Compressed image file

You can extract and clone a compressed image file directly according to the following link,

Xubuntu Core 20.04 LTS with mkusb 12.4.5 (mkusb-dus and mkusb-plug)

This works in all operating systems where you have

a tool that can extract a file compressed with xz
a cloning tool

.

Manual method

You need only a few manual steps to create a persistent live drive with a partition for
persistence, when you are running Ubuntu.

Edit the iso file to replace quiet splash with persistent. Yes, you can
edit the binary iso file and replace 12 characters with 12 other characters and
flash the output to the target device (usually a USB pendrive). sed can do it.
Create a partition 'behind' the flashed copy of the edited iso file. fdisk can do it.
Create an ext2 file system in this partition and put the label casper-rw
on this partition. mkfs.ext2 can do it.
Flush the buffers. sync can do it.

This is what mkusb-minp is doing plus a lot of checking, that wrap a safety
belt around the process. In other words, you get help to write to the correct
target device and get warnings when there might be problems.

You can do it yourself and feel every step, or you can read the code of the
shellscript mkusb-minp and understand the details.

Please notice that I use dus and select 'Cloning' in the following example.
You can use another cloning tool, but if you use a simple tool like dd, please
double-check that you are cloning to the currect device, and that all partitions
on that device are unmounted.

strings lubuntu-19.10-desktop-amd64.iso |grep 'quiet splash'  # check that 'quiet splash' is there to be replaced by 'persistent  ' (12 characters)
sed 's/quiet splash/persistent  /' lubuntu-19.10-desktop-amd64.iso > persistent-lubuntu-19.10-desktop-amd64.iso  # yes, sed works with binary files
ls -l *19.10*  # check that the size is the same
strings persistent-lubuntu-19.10-desktop-amd64.iso |grep 'persistent  '  # check that 'persistent' is there now
dus persistent-lubuntu-19.10-desktop-amd64.iso  # I use mkusb-dus, you can use the Ubuntu Startup Disk Creator or another cloning tool
sudo lsblk -fm  # It is important to check the device letter of the target drive (the USB drive, that you want persistent live
sudo fdisk /dev/sdx  # x is the device letter of the target drive, please double-check that you have the correct letter
n           # new partition
p           # primary
<Return>    # default: 3
<Return>    # default: next free sector
<Return>    # default: last addressable sector
w           # write and quit
sudo lsblk -fm  # check that things look good and verify that partition #3 is the correct partition to be used to store the persistent data
sudo mkfs.ext2 -L casper-rw /dev/sdx3  # put label and file system into the partition of persistence
sudo lsblk -fm  # check that things look good
sync  # flush the buffers and wait for prompt

Links

Cloned USB drive with Lubuntu Eoan can be made persistent live
Method developed by F. Hauri which works for Debian 10

There are general manual methods that can be easily modified from using a file for
persistence to a partition for persistence. See the following link,

help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/iso2usb/diy

A cloned Ubuntu 19.10+ live drive is not really live-only

  Isn't live the default for a cloned drive?

Well, it used to be, and it is still live but not live-only in 19.10.

If you want to make a purely live-only drive, where nothing will be preserved after shutdown and reboot, you can

use mkusb-minp with the option -n or mkusb-plug and select 'No-persistent live drive'.
or manually modify the built-in boot options to replace 'quiet splash'
with 'nopersistent'

Link

How can I get a live-only drive with Ubuntu 19.10 and newer versions?


Partition and file system scheme for Win 7 and Ubuntu 14 dual boot with UEFI and GPT

I will try to answer as many of your questions as I can:

Is this a reasonable setup or is there anything I'm getting wrong (size/system)?

What is reasonable for one user may not be for another. This is because we all use our computers for different purposes, and in different ways. As others have pointed out:

You probably wont need 16GB Swap. 2GB should be enough.
30GB C: for Windows system partition may be too small.

However, these are your choices. The rest seems OK to me.

Does it make sense to have a separate Ubuntu Home and Windows Programs/Media
partition, or would it make more sense to combine them as a big happy NTFS family?

You can't put the Ubuntu /home partition in the NTFS format. Ubuntu keeps its user configurations in the /home for each user. Each user has her ownership and read/write permissions. Ubuntu cannot use NTFS for storing ownership and permissions. It needs to be one of the Linux compatible partition formats, such as ext2, ext3, ext4, zfs, btfs, etc. As you know Windows on its own does not understand any of these partition formats. So it is best to keep them separate and use their respective native formats, NTFS for Windows, and ext4 for Ubuntu.

See I want to reformat my home partition from ext3 to ntfs for more on this.

If I do choose to add in a separate partition that is primarily for cross-platform work, what would be the best file system - NTFS? Something else?

I don't think you need a separate partition for cross-platform work, but if you do, it should be NTFS. You can share sda5 or D: in NTFS  with Ubuntu. I recommend you create soft links of specific folders from sda5 (D:) to sda6 (/home). For example:

D:\user\[yourID_in_windows]\Java_Workspace can be soft-linked to /home/[yourID_in_Ubuntu]/Java_Workspace

See Do I need Intel Smart Response when installing Ubuntu? for an example of how to create soft-links of specific folders between two drives. The same commands can be used for creating soft links between NTFS and ext4 partitions. If you want you can keep all your music, video, etc. in D: and have links in your /home partition.

Is there anything else I should be aware of compatibility-wise by using ext4 instead of the older ext3?

ext4 is a mature partition format used by default in Ubuntu. You have nothing to worry about if you stick to ext4.

Hope this helps


Typing inverted question/exclamation marks

Keyboard layout: USA International (with dead keys)

¿ — Alt(R) + ?

¡ — Alt(R) + !

á — Alt(R) + a

Á — Alt(R) + Shift + a

é — Alt(R) + e

É — Alt(R) + Shift + e

í — Alt(R) + i

Í — Alt(R) + Shift + i

ñ — Alt(R) + n

Ñ — Alt(R) + Shift + n

ó — Alt(R) + o

Ó — Alt(R) + Shift + o

ú — Alt(R) + u

Ú — Alt(R) + Shift + u

ü — Alt(R) + y

Ü — Alt(R) + Shift + y


Blocking HTTP requests without Host header using mod_security2

Add this to your <Directories> chapters in your httpd.conf wherever you want it to apply (e.g. the /var/www and /var/www/html chapters on the default config)

 <RequireAll>
    Require expr ( -n %{HTTP_HOST} && %{HTTP_HOST} != "1.2.3.4" )
 </RequireAll>

-n matches "not empty" and the rest matches a Host: header not equal to your server's IP. You might need to repeat the second half with your public and internal IP, depending on your web routing setup.


How do I find out if an external drive is in active use (being read/written to)?

Okay, the best I could do so far was to install sysstat     and then query the following command every once in a while (replace sdX with the name of the drive - you can figure this out by first running iostat -m to identify the drive you want):

iostat -m | grep sdX | tr -s ' ' | cut -d ' ' -f 5-

When these two values (read and write) change significantly, the disk is in active use (not generated by a daemon or something).

I suppose one could do it without installing the bloat of another package by just looking at /proc/diskstats. If anyone has a better, more elegant solution, i'd be happy to here it.


Ubuntu 12.04 NVIDIA graphic card GeForce 8400M GS error-- striped lines on my screen

Install the nVidia 3d acceration driver xserver-xorg-video-nouveau.

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-nouveau


You probably don't need an anti-virus if it's your personal computer. GNU/ Linux has a different permissions model and there are way less threats for your client GNU/ Linux based computer.

The extension .linux sounds funny to me. I would look for something which ends with .deb!

In case you really want an anti-virus for Linux, I would go for Avast: http://howtoubuntu.org/how-to-install-and-update-avast-antivirus-in-ubuntu be sure to take the amd64 version if possible. Visit this official repository: http://files.avast.com/lin/repo/pool/ and take this file:  avast_2.1.0-1_amd64.deb which is currently the latest.

Else, look for Debian in dists, since Ubuntu is based on Debian an is compatible with it.


Authentication of network connection failed when connecting to the internet

I assume you are talking about connecting to a wireless network. Since Linux isusually is very good at networking, it seems to me, that your laptop may have a hardware, that is not -directly - supported by ubuntu.
Could you paste the result of the following command execute in the the terminal:

inxi-n

If you have a broadcom driver, you may have to consult the internet in order to get the correct driver. That company is notorious for NOT providing any information about their hardware - some drivers have been reversed engineered in order to run on linux...


Able to install Ubuntu 16.04 but not 18.04 on brand new laptop

Not a fix but a work  around. Since I was able to install Ubuntu 16.04 LTS, I just upgraded from there following instructions in this article .


Update/Installs fails with unrecoverable dpkg fatal error because libc6-i386 is missing

You might want to take a look at the following:

https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+question/145648
https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/apt/+question/131789

Unfortunately for you, both of them point to a corrupted disk ...


Installed Ubuntu, Unable to open Windows 8

Instead of reinstalling windows, try repairing it.
Boot from your win8 dvd, advanced options/ repair, and choose automatic repair.
After that if you want to install Ubuntu, download 13.04 64 bit and read carefully before installing!


How to prepare an Ubuntu bootstrap for non-privileged systemd-nspawn?

The problem is solved in version 230 - my existing containers were automatically moved into a non-privileged version after the upgrade.

Now the container processes, as seen from the host, run with an unprivileged user.


Something happend to my desktop environment when I tried to change it

Hey so I don't know if you're new to Linux, I am, and I was in a similar place as you about a month ago. It's generally just a bad idea to change back and forth on Desktop Environments. Things get all wonky and twisted out of shape. Honestly really the only way to deal with this thing is to reinstall Ubuntu 18.04 from scratch. I also recommend that next time you want to try out a new DE, use a VM because that can keep everything pretty clean and won't break stuff as much.


Ubuntu 13.10 x64 cannot shut down properly, pressing esc stuck at purple screen

It looks like you have some kind of process writing to your disk (/). Try to figure out which processes are running with the command command:

top

Then lookup the PID of that process. Then kill that process with

kill PID

if that dont work

sudo kill PID

Example:

 top
 11555 yourname     20   0 1105m 159m  18m S   2,0  2,0   0:30.38 chrome
 11871 yourname     20   0  409m  36m  23m S   1,3  0,5   0:54.75 plugin-containe
 6787  yourname     20   0 1412m  20m 8348 S   1,0  0,3   0:26.00 nautilus

quit command:

 q
 kill 6787

or

 sudo kill 6787

And Nautilus gets killed.


It is not "basic" at all.

This device is not supported by Linux kernel and it will not work with Linux-based distributions until someone makes a driver for it.

You can not use Windows hardware drivers through wine.

The only way to use it, I guess, is by a Windows guest system in VirtualBox or VMware.


How to configure postfix to connect to port 26 on the remote host?

You can handle this with a transport map. First tell postfix to use a map, with the following in main.cf:

transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport

Then in /etc/postfix/transport add the custom route:

example.net smtp:example.net:26

Then build the map database:

sudo postmap /etc/postfix/transport


Because you "enforce root password for all sudo requests"

gksu is for all intents and purposes a graphical sudo. I hope this clears up any confusion you may still have.

Note: Some answers are too simple to require a long, detailed answer. This is one of those.


How can I get root access after I installed Ubuntu on my PC?

The standard approach is to prefix such commands with sudo.  By default the userid you created during the installation will be able to use sudo.   When you use sudo you will be prompted for the password of the userid you are running the command from (not the root password).  You can enable additional users by adding them to the admin group or adding them to /etc/sudoers.  On Ubuntu this can be done by adding the appropriate configuration lines to a file in the /etc/sudoers.d directory.  These files need to be owned by root, and should no be accessible to others.

The command visudo can be used to safely edit sudoers files.  By default it will use vi as the editor but it will use another editor if the EDITOR environment variable has been set to the desired command and exported.


I confirm that the min/max values displayed by psensor are the min/max values which have been measured since the monitoring application is started.

You can also see that the temperature of the CPU did not varie (45-46) so that's normal that the BIOS did not change the fan speed, there is simply no reason.

The BIOS is controlling the fan speed, so if you want to stop the fan you have to look in the BIOS settings. Many BIOS only allow to change the fan speed according to temperature threshold but not stop it.

Alternatively, you can change the fan speed by software (see http://www.lm-sensors.org/wiki/man/fancontrol). Note that it is less reliable than the BIOS. Your particular hardware might not be perfectly supported by lm-sensor (mostly because manufacturers do not always publish specifications) and it can lead to hardware damage due to overheating.


In this case nautilus scripts are probably the best solution. They are placed in ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts for nautilus or in ~/.config/caja/scripts for caja and in either case need to be made executable (chmod ug+x $path_to_script).

This script will create a dialog box asking for your choice of template and then create a file based on that template in the current directory, with your desired format:

#!/bin/bash

current_nautilus_dir=$(python -c 'import gio,sys; print(gio.File(sys.argv[1]).get_path())' "$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI")
# python-free:
# current_nautilus_dir=$(echo "$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI" | sed -e 's/%/\\x/g' -e 's_^file://__' | xargs -0 printf "%b" )
template_dir=$(xdg-user-dir TEMPLATES)
template_name=$(find "$template_dir" ! -type d -print0 | sed 's_'$template_dir'/__g' | xargs -0 zenity --list --column=Template)
template_short_name=$(basename "$template_name")
destination_name="${current_nautilus_dir}/${template_short_name}-$(date "+%Y-%m-%d")"

if [ -f "$destination_name" ]
then
    notify-send "Destination already exists"
else
    cp "${template_dir}/${template_name}" "$destination_name"
fi

This converts the URI to a path, using the script from here.


How to get data from REST API with QML (for ubuntu touch app)?

You can do it using some Javascript code in QML:

import QtQuick 2.0
import Ubuntu.Components 0.1

Item {
    width: 200
    height: 150

    ListModel {
        id: model
    }

    ListView {
        id: listview
        anchors.fill: parent
        model: model
        delegate: Text {
            text: jsondata
        }
    }

    function getData() {
        var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
        var url = "https://samplechat.firebaseio-demo.com/users/jack/name.json";

        xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function() {
            if (xmlhttp.readyState == 4 && xmlhttp.status == 200) {
                myFunction(xmlhttp.responseText);
            }
        }
        xmlhttp.open("GET", url, true);
        xmlhttp.send();
    }

    function myFunction(json) {
        var obj = JSON.parse(json);
        listview.model.append( {jsondata: obj.first +" "+ obj.last })
    }

    Button {
        anchors.bottom: parent.bottom
        width: parent.width
        text: "GET Data"
        onClicked: getData()
    }
}

Run the following code with qmlscene:

After clicking to get data from Firebase:

To run the above code make sure to populate the database as follow:

curl -X PUT -d '{ "first": "Jack", "last": "Sparrow" }' \
https://samplechat.firebaseio-demo.com/users/jack/name.json

Source


Yes, there is. man bash will lead you to

   OLDPWD The previous working directory as set by the cd command.


Ubuntu 20.04, force Nautilus to use SMB1, when /etc/samba does not exist?

smb.conf doesn't actually come from the samba ( server ) package. It comes from samba-common since it has options that can control both client and server.
If youhave no need for a samba server on your system the best way to get smb.conf onto you system is to install smbclient:
sudo apt install smbclient

I would suggest removing the smb.conf file you created manually before you install smbclient.


Is it possible to watch GRUB last boot time?


how to take Snapshot from Usb camera using terminal

You need to tell it what device to use.

-d<device>
          V4L2 Device (default is /dev/video0)

If the default is your built-in camera (and that is most likely since that one was present during install) you need to find out the device of your USB camera.

So do a

ls /dev | grep video

without the USB and then plug it in, wait a little bit and do the command again. There is likely a new device beginning with video. Use that to tell

uvccapture -d/dev/video1

where video1 is the new device you got.


Make a USB in Ubuntu to boot a Macbook Air

What do you mean by boot a Macbook Air?
If you mean a bootable usb to put an ISO in, use the 'Startup Disk Creator' program.

More info here:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu


Ubuntu 13.04 can't see my Realtek wifi card

Editor's note, 13th August 2017 - driver link in original answer returns 404. Replaced with link to the Github repository's releases page (latest is 14th Feb this year). Installation procedure is the same, but given the passage of time, YMMV from OP's.

Realtek doesn't provide a Linux driver for this card :(

So we are left with two options

Use some driver that matches the hardware design
Use ndiswrapper (using windows driver in linux, I would never recommend it except as a last resort.

According to this answer, you can use the r8168 driver with it.

So based on that answer, download the latest driver package from here on GitHub

Now open a terminal, and cd to the location you saved the file to; for example, if it was the Downloads directory:

cd Downloads

Next unpack the archive and cd into the created directory (check the name with ls and/or use tab completion if these wildcards don't work for you)

tar -xf r8168*
cd r8168*[0-9]

Now run the installer as root

sudo ./autorun.sh

And reboot your machine.


Is there a way to run Netflix under a 32bit computer?

It is possible, but if you are using an old 32 bit PC (as I am) the performance is not good.  You have to go back to the way we did it prior to the native Chrome solution, namely pipelight.

Detailed instructions are available at the link, but to sum up:

You add the pipelight ppa and install pipelight. (this installs a customized version of wine)
You enable the silverlight plugin
You install a browser agent switcher to fool Netflix into thinking
you are running on a supported system.

I have done it, and it works, but I am not happy with it.  I seek a better solution.


Could not open port /dev/ttyACM0 Error after every restart

The /dev directory is recreated at every boot, so your chmod vanishes.

The better way is to determine the group ownership of the device withls -l, then add yourself to that group with sudo adduser $USER group

Here's my expanded explanation:

Open a "terminal window" by pressing Ctrl-Alt-T.

Left Click to select this window.

Explore. Type:

ls -l /dev/ttyACM0
man ls

Fix. Type;

sudo adduser $USER $(stat --format="%G" /dev/ttyACM0 )

When prompted, type your login password.

This will set things up so that your next (and all subsequent) login will have group access to /dev/ttyACM0.

Therefore, logoff, login and be happy.


You can try this
Start in text-only mode
Switch on your computer. Wait until the BIOS has finished loading, and press and hold Shift, which will bring up the Grub menu.
Select the line which starts with Advanced options.
Select the line ending with (recovery mode)
Press Return and your machine will begin the boot process.
After a few moments, your PC should display a menu with a number of options, including Drop to root shell prompt. Press Return with this option highlighted.
The PC will start in a terminal.

Run these commands:
Mount partitions in read-write mode
mount -o remount,rw /
mount --all

Update repositories
apt-get update

Install aptitude and deborphan
apt-get install --reinstall aptitude deborphan

Eliminate the components of gnome that are not necessary in lubuntu
aptitude remove '?and(?reverse-depends(gnome),?not(?reverse-depends(?exact-name(lubuntu-desktop))))'

Reinstall lubuntu-desktop
apt-get install --reinstall lubuntu-desktop

Eliminate orphan packages
deborphan
apt-get --purge remove $(deborphan)
deborphan --libdevel
apt-get --purge remove $(deborphan --libdevel)
deborphan --find-config
dpkg --purge $(deborphan --find-config)

Remove unnecessary packages
apt-get autoremove

Remove downloaded packages
apt-get clean

Restart system
reboot


Ibus icon isn't displayed correctly in Gnome-shell

This is caused by a flawed icon file, /usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mono-dark/status/22/input-keyboard.svg. You can replace the file with this modified icon. Refer to this bug report.


Cannot find Windows 8.1 after installing Ubuntu 15.10

Unfortunately there is no working Windows system on the disk.
When you want your Windows back - you will have to reinstall it.

As you installed Ubuntu freshly and did not configure too much,
I recommend to start over from scratch and first install Windows.

Afterwards I you should install Ubuntu again and this time choose
Something else from the installer instead of alongside Windows.
Select the partition you want to have Ubuntu installed manually.

I am sorry for being the harbinger of bad news another time ...


Always getting error during apt-get install

First make sure that you have installed the applications gksu and leafpad
Launch a terminal window.

Type (or copy/paste):
sudo apt-get install gksu leafpad

Press Enter and submit your password. Please note that the password will remain invisible, not even asterisks will show, which is normal.
2 . Then remove all sources that you have now:
Launch a terminal window.
Type (use copy/paste to avoid errors):
sudo rm -vf /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.list && sudo rm -vf /etc/apt/sources.list

Press Enter. Type your password when prompted; this will remain entirely invisible, not even asterisks will show, which is normal.

Create a new sources list:

Copy/paste the following command into the terminal:
gksudo leafpad /etc/apt/sources.list

Press Enter.
Now copy/paste all the text below, into that empty text file:
## SOURCES LIST FOR UBUNTU 14.04 LTS TRUSTY TAHR
## ALSO FOR XUBUNTU 14.04, LUBUNTU 14.04
## AND KUBUNTU 14.04
## From: http://sites.google.com/site/easylinuxtipsproject
## This list is for the Main server; you might want to select a
## faster mirror server closer to you, with Software & Updates.
## Only fit for 14.04 LTS Trusty Tahr!
#
## SOURCES FOR ORDINARY SOFTWARE:
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-updates main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-updates restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-updates universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-updates multiverse
#
## SOURCES FOR SECURITY UPDATES:
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse
#
## BACKPORTS SOURCES (WITH LOWERED PRIORITY):
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-backports main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-backports restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-backports universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-backports multiverse
#
## PARTNER SOURCE (FOR SOFTWARE FROM
## BUSINESS PARTNERS OF CANONICAL):
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner
#
## INDEPENDENT SOURCE (FOR SOFTWARE
## FROM THIRD-PARTY DEVELOPERS):
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main
#
## SOURCE FOR WEB BROWSER GOOGLE CHROME
## (DISABLED BY DEFAULT):
## Only enable it when you've installed Google Chrome!
## You can enable it in the application Software & Updates.
# deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main
Save the text file and close it.

Now reload the sources list information:

In the terminal:
sudo apt-get update

Press Enter and submit your password. Please note that the password will remain invisible, not even asterisks will show, which is normal.
You're done!


Is there a Daily/Alpha/Beta Bug Report Applet/Widget?

I know of no such applet, but in pre-release distributions apport crash collecting is already active, which lets you report a bug with ease by collecting all the technical details for you. You can trigger it manually too:

ubuntu-bug unity

...will have apport collect information about the Ubuntu package unity, then start the bug reporting process for you.


How to start a PlayOnLinux game windowed

You just have to select configure in the main playonlinux gui, then select the wineprefix with the game in it when the configuration window loads. Then in the configuration window choose the wine tab and select 'configure wine', which will launch the familiar winecfg. In that wine configuration menu, go to the graphics tab and choose 'emulate a virtual desktop' and select the resolution you require and apply the settings.

Very often you can choose a windowed option in the game itself rather than using the wine virtual desktop.

All the menus and windows I refer to in the first paragraph above are shown in the screenshot below, where I show how to configure a virtual desktop for a playonlinux application.

For more information, please refer to the documentation at the official site, and if you wish to backup your game and its settings in the playonlinux wineprefix, see my answer here.


You can just sign in to Ubuntu One, and if you already have all the files in the exact same location on as it was originally synchronized to the server from, on the new computer, you can choose to synchronize the folder in the Ubuntu One control panel after signing in, and you should be asked if you would like to merge the folder. Ubuntu One will re-scan the data, and if nothing is different from what is on the server, should sync up very quickly.

If there are changed or missing files though, then those will have to be re-synchronized, and may result in conflicts if what is local is different from what is on the server.

Keep a back-up, and verify everything is correct, after Ubuntu One has finished doing what it needs to do.


I can't use extra speakers through HDMI in Ubuntu

You can easily change the audio output device. Just go to Settings --> Sound --> Output device and select the audio device from the drop down.


If your on Xorg use xev: It opens a window that catches all events (incl. keystrokes) and displays the results, e.g.:

enter code KeyPress event, serial 40, synthetic NO, window 0x5400001,
root 0xc2, subw 0x5400002, time 29136757, (50,54), root:(1311,78),
state 0x1, keycode 38 (keysym 0x41, A), same_screen YES,
XLookupString gives 1 bytes: (41) "A"
XmbLookupString gives 1 bytes: (41) "A"
XFilterEvent returns: False

Maybe have a look at https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/extra_keyboard_keys for more details.


Wha't kind of model I've to add in my alsa-base.conf file

-The problem with HDMI may be solved with pavucontrol (install it if needed), and choosing default device in "output tab" (clicking green button)
-The problem with subwoofer may be solved by changing model as you suggest: your hda codec is Realtek ALC668 , and from this page ,  searching ALC66x/67x/892,  you can try ASUS as model.


Installing Ubuntu on a laptop with an SSD

There is absolutely no problem in installing Ubuntu on an SSD. In fact, if you have an SSD, it would be the most recommended place to install Ubuntu on. Thanks to the SSD, you will benefit from:

Reduced booting time
Faster app loading
Fast Read/Write operations in general (Saving files, opening documents, music, photos...)
No fragmentation (Although there was no fragmentation on HDD either)
Longer life cycle (SSD tend to last longer than HDD)
Everything will feel faster

Here is Ubuntu 13.10 on my SSD:

As you can see, is totally safe, secured, faster, stable and with a big jump in performance.


Where can I find GRUB bootloader script before the system started up?

If I understood you right, you want the location of the bootloader config file that you can manually edit.

There are a few different locations where these files are stored.

Main config: /etc/default/grub <-- This is the one you really want to edit. OK to play.
Grub config files: /etc/grub.d <-- Custom boot entries. Semi-OK to play.
Various other things: /boot <-- Don't play with things in this dir.

The file that is ACTUALLY read by GRUB2 is stored somewhere on the "boot" partition (EFI, boo!) and/or the empty sectors at the beginning of the hard drive (Legacy, yay!). [I think]


When you open Ubuntu One, enter your email and password, you will be offered to choose which previously uploaded folder(s) and/or files to synchronize with the "current" computer. If you do not choose any folders from the list, nothing will be downloaded, but the files will still be on the Ubuntu One server.

The only folder that is -always- synchronized is the Ubuntu One folder itself (~/Ubuntu One).


Update notification for user-modified package

Turns out this is actually the expected behavior, since the version number of Xournal is now 4.8 instead of 0.4.8 (due to some sort of clerical error, I guess?), as pointed out here.  This is also why 0.4.8 was "upgraded" to 4.7.

Preventing the unwanted "update" may be accomplished by "holding" the package, to wit:

sudo aptitude hold xournal

--at least if one uses aptitude for software updates, as I do.  But since the update notification icon in the system tray is generated by Muon Update Notifier, in order to eliminate that it is necessary to mark the package as held also in Muon Package Manager.  The latter would first have to be installed on a stock system, as it was removed at some point from the default installation.


Could be the USB is corrupt. If you can get on a Windows machine and download
Linux LiveUSB creator. and follow the instructions.


14.10 Image Viewer bug, click>drag pic leaves pointer changed

Try to open terminal and run

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.cursor active true

I got this from the https://bugs.launchpad.net/elementaryos/+bug/1430587. Hope it works, Good luck.


a hash mismatch usually tells you that a volume got corrupted on the backend.

you can use the --ignore-errors parameter as documented in the manpage to skip this error but probably all files that ended up in there will be unrestorable, check/save the console log to see which ones.

if your duplicity version still does not have the parameter, update to the latest duplicity 0.7.17 first. there are ubuntu ppa's available.

..ede/duply.net


No, nmap doesn't do this. nmap is an "active" scanner. It works by sending probes/signals to addresses on the network and analyzing the replies. When you can send signals and receive replies then you are, by definition, connected to that network.

Some scanning methods are "passive" as opposed to "active". Passive scans are ones that don't involve transmitting any signals or probes, but listening only. Search for phrases like "passive network scanner" or "passive wifi scan" to read more.


SSH : Could not resolve hostname 192.168.40.250:2080, Name or service not known

ssh does not support address:port syntax; instead the port is specified using the -p option. So what you want is

ssh -p 2080 192.168.40.250

see also man ssh.


KDE Plasma - right-click Properties of Desktop icons drops to taskbar rather than opening in window

This is very surprising. I'm on 18.10, but I can't replicate it. I would suggest checking the "Window Management" section of the KDE System Settings to see if anything is amiss.


QEMU/KVM/Virt-Manager: Passthrough of USB Webcam to Windows 7 Enterprise creates "NEC USB HUB"

Check this link: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1135488 , quote from there:

  There are too many usb devices.  Four spice usb redirection slots.
  One usb tablet.  Leaving only one usb port free, where qemu
  automagically plugs in a usb hub to avoid running out of usb ports.
  This is where the "nec usb hub" comes from.  And as the emulated usb
  hub supports usb 1.1 only the webcam ends up on a slow port.  This is
  where the speed mismatch comes from, which is root cause why the
  webcam doesn't show up in the guest.

The solution could be:
Delete a couple of the USB redirector devices,


docker: Error: No such container: jmar71n/freepbx

seems you are spelling wrong the container name:

jar71n != jmar71n


How to install R Studio from a downloaded tar.gz file?

RStudio is a free and open-source integrated development environment for R, a programming language for statistical computing and graphics.

  RStudio is available in open source and commercial editions on the desktop (Windows, Mac, and Linux) and from a web browser to a Linux server running RStudio Server or RStudio Server Pro.

How to install RStudio Desktop 1.2.1335 (Open Source License) on Ubuntu 18.04 using Tarball?

Step 1 — Download tarball from Rstudio website

Download rstudio-1.2.1335-amd64-debian.tar.gz from Rstudio Official Website (147.8 MB file size) into ~/Download directory.

Step 2 — Extract tarball into /opt/rstudio

$ sudo mkdir -p /opt/rstudio
$ sudo tar xfvz ~/Downloads/rstudio-1.2.1335-amd64-debian.tar.gz --directory /opt/rstudio

Step 3 — Create symlink latest

$ cd /opt/rstudio/
$ sudo ln -s /opt/rstudio/rstudio-1.2.1335 latest

Figure-1: Setup symlink "latest" to point to rstudio-1.2.1335.

Why do you need symlink latest?

Symlink latest always tracks current version of RStudio installation.
Tomorrow, let us say, a new version 1.3.1 arrives, then install that
version. Now you remove symlink latest pointing to older version
1.2.1335, by issuing the following command:

$ sudo unlink /opt/rstudio/latest

Symlink latest points to current version rstudio-1.2.1335 but the arrival of newest version 1.3.1 causes to severe the symlink latest from pointing to version 1.2.1335.
Now create symlink latest pointing to newer version 1.3.1 with the following command:

 $ cd /opt/rstudio/
 $ sudo ln -s /opt/rstudio/rstudio-1.3.1 latest

Now symlink latest points to newer version rstudio-1.3.1. Note: There is no such version called 1.3.1, this is just a fictional one used to demonstrate the power of symlink latest.
At the same time, you may still retain older versions without removing
them. For some reasons you want to work on specific older version, you
simply switch symlink latest pointing that older version and that
is it! You don’t have to change any other settings.
In step-4 appearing subsequently, you will be setting up RHOME, PATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH environement variables. As the values of this environment variables involve symlink latest, so that even you switch pointing to newer versions in future, these settings always remain unchanged and untouched!

Step 4 — Create RStudio Environment Variables PATH, etc.

To set RStudio environment variables, create a new file in the /etc/profile.d directory.

$ sudo touch /etc/profile.d/rstudio.sh
$ sudo vi /etc/profile.d/rstudio.sh

Then copy and paste the following lines into the file:

#!/bin/bash
export RHOME=/opt/rstudio/latest
export PATH=/opt/rstudio/latest/bin:${PATH}
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/rstudio/latest/lib:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}

Save and close the file. Make it executable using the following command.

$ sudo chmod +x /etc/profile.d/rstudio.sh

Then, set the environment variables permanently by running the following command:

$ source /etc/profile.d/rstudio.sh

To verify PATH is correctly set, issue the following command:

$ echo $PATH

Figure-2: PATH environment variable is set properly to "/opt/rstudio/latest/bin".

To verify LD_LIBRARY_PATH is correctly set, issue the following command:

$ echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH

Figure-3: LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable is set properly to "/opt/rstudio/latest/lib".

Step 5 — RStudio requires R 3.0.1+

If you don't already have R, follow the instructions:

$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys E298A3A825C0D65DFD57CBB651716619E084DAB9
$ sudo add-apt-repository 'deb https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/'
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install r-base

To know the version of R, issue the following command:

$ R --version

Figure-4: R version is 3.6.0.

Step 6 — RStudio IDE

You may invoke RStudio IDE from command line as shown below:

$ rstudio

This command will take you to the Integrated Development Environment of RStudio.

Figure-5: Command "rstudio" takes you to RStudio IDE.

Step-7: Create shortcut launcher desktop icon.

Create and install a new desktop file called rstudio.desktop which is a shortcut for RStudio.

$ cd ~
$ vi rstudio.desktop

Copy & Paste the following content into the file:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=RStudio
Type=Application
Exec=/opt/rstudio/latest/bin/rstudio
Terminal=false
Icon=/opt/rstudio/latest/rstudio.png
Comment=Integrated Development Environment
NoDisplay=false
Categories=Development;IDE;

Save and exit from the editor.

Now, run the following command to install shortcut file in /usr/share/applications/ directory:

$ sudo desktop-file-install rstudio.desktop

Now, you can click RStudio shortcut launcher icon from Dash to enter RStudio IDE.

Figure-6: "RStudio" shortcut launcher icon is shown in redbox on Dash desktop screen.

NOTE-1: With this, installation of RStudio Desktop v1.2.1335 (open source License) is complete.

  This is where my Answer to the Post of Questioner SteveS ends. You may quit now.

NOTE-2: If you want to install RStudio Server v1.2.1335 (open source License), then you should go to next step-8, otherwise please quit now.

Step-8: How to install RStudio Server v1.2.1335 (Open Source License)?

  RStudio Server enables you to provide a browser based interface to a version of R running on a remote Linux server, bringing the power and productivity of the RStudio IDE to server-based deployments of R.

To download RStudio Server, execute the following commands:

$ cd ~
$ sudo apt-get install gdebi-core
$ wget https://download2.rstudio.org/server/bionic/amd64/rstudio-server-1.2.1335-amd64.deb

Note: You may choose to verify the build’s GPG signature prior to installing it.

Obtaining the Public Key

In order to validate a build’s signature, you must first import and trust RStudio’s public code-signing key. You can obtain the public key from a keyserver using gpg at the command line:

$ gpg --keyserver keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 3F32EE77E331692F
gpg: key 3F32EE77E331692F: public key "RStudio, Inc. (code signing) <info@rstudio.com>" imported
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg:               imported: 1

Validating Build Signatures

Issue the dpkg-sig command to validate the signature.
Note: You may need to install the dpkg-sig package if it isn’t already installed.

$ dpkg-sig --verify rstudio-server-1.2.1335-amd64.deb
Processing rstudio-server-1.2.1335-amd64.deb...
GOODSIG _gpgbuilder FE8564CFF1AB93F1728645193F32EE77E331692F 1553752985

  To install RStudio Server v1.2.1335, execute the following command:

$ sudo gdebi rstudio-server-1.2.1335-amd64.deb

Issue the following command to verify that RStudio Server is up and running:

$ sudo systemctl status rstudio-server.service

Figure-7: The status command displays "RStudio server 1.2.1335" is up and running.

By default RStudio Server runs on port 8787 and accepts connections from all remote clients. After installation you should therefore be able to navigate a web browser to the following address to access the server:

http://<server-ip>:8787

Since Server and client are in the same machine, you can use http://localhost:8787 to access RStudio server, as shown below:

Figure-8: Supply your usual Ubuntu system username and password to logon to RStudio Server through Web.

RStudio will prompt for a username and password, and will authenticate the user by checking the server's username and password database.

After authentication and logon to RStudio server is successful, you can access IDE through Web as shown below:

Figure-9: After successful logon to RStudio Server, IDE is accessible now through Web.

Next Steps

See the Getting Started document for information on configuring and managing the server.
Read the RStudio Server Professional Admin Guide for more detailed instructions.


Unable to uninstall Ubuntu 12.04 from Wubi

Go to Windows, and go to partition(e.g.: C: D: E: etc) where you have installed Ubuntu, open Ubuntu folder, there you can find uninstall-wubi.exe application file. By clicking this you can uninstall Ubuntu from your system.

Another option,

Go to Control Panel
Select Programs and features
Click "Ubuntu"
Click Uninstall/Change
Follow the instructions.


${0} is the first argument of the script, i.e. the script name or path. If you launch your script as path/to/script.sh, then ${0} will be exactly that string: path/to/script.sh.

The %/* part modifies the value of ${0}. It means: take all characters until / followed by a file name. In the example above, ${0%/*} will be path/to.

You can see it in action on your shell:

$ x=path/to/script.sh
$ echo "${x%/*}"
path/to

Sh supports many other kinds of "parameter substitution". Here is, for example, how to take the file name instead of the path:

$ echo "${x##*/}"
script.sh

In general, % and %% strip suffixes, while # and ## strip prefixes. You can read more about parameter substitution.


To fix problem with "Server not found" you should edit nameserver:

Open this file

gksudo gedit etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head

Add to the end of file:

nameserver 8.8.8.8

with one line wrap

What's happen? This nameserver will automatically written in the
etc/resolv.conf
And I'm not 100% sure what happened.


How do i change the password of root, using webmin in one command line?

Use passwd instead of passwd root (or echo -e "newPassword\nnewPassword" | passwd root"). Moreover, your command have an unexpected '"' at the end too.


how to make a .sh file executable by double click in ubuntu 14.04

There's a simple method to make executable on Ubuntu; I've done so and it's worked fine.

You can either use the graphical method, by opening the properties dialog of the script, selecting permissions and Allow executing files as program.

Or you can run chmod +x yourscript.sh.

First though, make sure your file manager supports executing files:

gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences executable-text-activation ask


To make both Shift keys together toggle Caps Lock (see the output of grep 'shift:both_capslock' /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/xorg.lst command):

setxkbmap -option shift:both_capslock

To switch Caps Lock to Alt Gr:

xmodmap -e "keycode 66 = Alt_R Meta_R Alt_R Meta_R"

To switch layout using Alt+Shift keyboard shortcut, see the following post if you are using Ubuntu 13.10:

How to use Alt+Shift to switch keyboard layouts?

For Ubuntu 13.04 and older see:

How to switch language keyboard combination?


The generic method is to create a normal account and to make yourself admin on that system. Create a good password for the admin and he will not be able to install, remove software and not be able to alter any files outside his own home.
All other privileges can be allowed using sudo visudo. There you can grant permissions to execute any command that would require admn rights.


In Kubuntu 20.04, some applications do not use the global menu

I fixed this by installing some packages:
sudo apt install unity-gtk-module-common unity-gtk2-module unity-gtk3-module libunity-gtk2-parser0 libunity-gtk3-parser0 appmenu-gtk2-module appmenu-gtk3-module


First update after fresk Kubuntu install hangs because of dpkg - now what?

I had the same problem.  I opened a terminal window and did the following:

ps -e | grep muon

This identified the process.  Then (number identifed above):

sudo kill ####

I then rebooted.  After which:

sudo dpkg --configure -a

I then did:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -f

now everything is fine.


Distorted display output from AMD machine

So after a day of messing with it I found what seems to be a pretty simple solution:

use sudo apt-get purge 'nvidia.*' 'fglrx.*' && sudo apt-get autoremove to remove all traces of both sets of drivers from your system (or pick one if you only have one set).
remove your/etc/X11/xorg.conf (back it up first).
Use the driver manager to select the recommended version of your driver (was nvidia-331 for me at the time of writing) and install it.
reboot.

Trying to install the drivers from the command line seems to be a bad idea as it misses a few pieces here and there, doing it through the manager on the other hand, seems to get everything you need (I have yet to have a crash or any corruption).

I will see how this holds up on my AMD machine in a few days.


Ubuntu would not boot after Upgrade to 18.04

This may not be the easiest way to resolve the issue but from my experience the fastest and easiest. Instead of an upgrade install newer version of Ubuntu from scratch.
After it's done restore your personal files and config from backup (it's usually mostly your user's home directory) and install all the tools you use (I keep a list in a txt file - if a list is long enough you may consider having a script for future use).


How do I disable default Alt+Key menu bindings for all applications?

It turns out the easiest way is to remap the left-alt key using xmodmap. This is sufficient because I only use the left-alt for my keyboard shortcuts. Most apps don't have any features linked to the alt key anyway, but in case one comes along, I still have the right-alt key for it.

I would still prefer to simply disable the default "alt activates the application menu" feature. Let me know if anyone has a way to disable it. Thanks!


How do I fix fonts not rendering and missing letters?

I had the same problem on my Dell Inspiron with 5th generation i5 running Ubuntu 14.04. Luckily I found an easy solution for this. First - install Ubuntu Tweak (following commands work for installing it):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak

Then, go to Fonts, change Antialiasing option from
Subpixels Antialiasing (LCD screens only) to Standard Grayscale Aliasing and everything seems to work fine. In fact, the problem immediately appears/disappears on changing the setting, so seems this is indeed the possible cause.

Graphical Guide — Ubuntu Tweak tool

With missing letters, you might have trouble finding the "Antialiasing" label etc. Here's a graphical guide on how the tool looks with working fonts, to help you find where to click.

In the first window, you must pick the "Tweaks" tab in the top row (third from the left — i.e. the central one), then "Fonts" (first icon on the left in the first row):

Then, click the bottom choice bar, and choose the middle option (I can't show a screenshot with the choice bar opened, unfortunately, as Ubuntu doesn't seem to react to me pressing the PrtScr key then :-/)

Graphical Guide — Unity Tweak tool

Similar guide as above, but for the Unity Tweak tool.

After starting the tool, click "Fonts" (right-most icon in the third row):

Then click the marked choice bar, and select the middle option when it opens:


Medibuntu's repository is down:

I'm afraid you'll have to wait until it come back up.


Error installing Ubuntu via wubi on Windows 8

I'm going to assume you're trying to use Wubi with Windows 8 based on this line: 10-13 16:50 DEBUG  WindowsBackend: windows_version2=Windows 8 Pro

Wubi doesn't work on Windows 8.  It does not work with UEFI either.  Wubi on Windows 8 hasn't ever worked which is one of the reasons they had considered that they stop supporting Wubi at one point with 13.04.

If you want to run Ubuntu inside of Windows 8, you'll have to use virtualbox or some other virtualization solution to run Ubuntu after you've loaded Windows.  Either that, or do an actual dualboot install to the hard drive and install Ubuntu next to Windows on the disk, as explained here.


Ubuntu 12.04 to 16 upgrade - Mysql dangers?

Here is what I experienced. I had to clone a VM and try it. It is dangerous if you proceed upgrading OS before upgrading MySQL.

Reasons: It can break your upgrade, data corruptions, it might get stuck when its setting up apparmor related stuff (kinda waiting for input but you don't see any input request and it won't proceed further).

Best approach is (backup first) upgrade MySQL from 5.5 to 5.6 then run mysql-upgrade command to fix tables and then update MySQL 5.6 to 5.7 (again run mysql_upgrade command to fix tables).

If all goes well and MySQL can re-start, take a fresh all database backup, then you can proceed with Ubuntu 16.04 or 14.04 upgrade. This will skip the part of MySQL packages and everything will be fine. Once the upgrade is finished, you might need to edit apparmor OR disable apparmor for MySQL to start, just check the mysql logs.


Will running Ubuntu from USB on a Windows 8 pc damage Windows?

Running the live media should not affect your Windows installation in any way.  Good luck with the persistence though, (bug 1159016) so you might want a separate USB around just for data transfer.  UEFI is just the BIOS replacement, no big deal, but it can come with secure boot,
(which your preinstalled W8 uses), which changes things a lot.  Before you do ANY installs to ANYTHING (like another USB), backup the EFI files, visible in /boot/efi (they should all be under directory EFI, and are just files).  There are so many machine specific problems, that I hesitate to predict what your Lenovo will do, but it is good to have a set of files to restore if your pc suddenly cannot boot W8 anymore.
  boot-repair is a tool which fixes up some installer issues, and is a good thing to have around.  If you have working persistence on the live-media, you can install it:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install boot-repair

Or download and burn an iso with it preinstalled from
Linux secure remix


I believe holding control in the mac boot loader makes that choice the default, this will save you from messing with the 'bless' command.


creating a static IP for ubuntu 17.04 server behind router

17 doesnt use ifup/down anymore.. it uses netplan.. see the answer from this guy..

Ubuntu 17.10 will not accept static IP


the problem is that update-manager is heavily buggy, especially in non-English environment

try updating using this command:

sudo do-release-upgrade

i'm not sure it's gonna work, but it will give us more info

and the content of the file /etc/apt/sources.list may help too


How can I get Firefox that I installed manually to open external links?

The .desktop file is the key here because it not only configures how an application is opened from the Unity launcher (see Unity Launchers And Desktop Files) but also how it is used to open a specific file when called from the file manager, etc.

In order for the latter to work correctly, the .desktop file needs to specify how to pass arguments to the command being called. This is done using field codes in the Exec line which will be substituted with real values when the command is called.

In your case, your original .desktop file did not specify how to tell Firefox which URL to open, so Firefox was called with no arguments and just opened on your default home page.

The field code to insert the URL in the command line is %u so adding this as an argument to the firefox command in the Exec line of the .desktop file solves the problem. For example, the standard firefox.desktop file uses the line:

Exec=firefox %u

For reference, the standard file can be found at /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop if you have installed from a package; it is generated by firefox.desktop.in as found in the firefox repository on Launchpad.

For further information about Exec field codes in .desktop files, the specification is available on the freedesktop.org website.


Confusion installing mongodb manually because of sitting behind a proxy

I would recommend installing the official package, it is much easier to get started.

Make sure you correctly set your http_proxy and https_proxy in the terminal session and do whatever mentioned in the tutorial again.

I am also behind firewall (need proxy to access the Internet), everything works fine.

Example:

export http_proxy="http://username:password@company.com:port/"
export https_proxy="http://username:password@company.com:port/"

And also you can use apt-get install to install MongoDB

http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/


Brightness change freezes Ubuntu with Noveau and Nvidia drivers

Alright I figured it out and it brightness adjustments works better now then before my bios update

Here's my fix for my NVIDIA NVS 5400m

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

edited GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_backlight=vendor"

make sure to save and then run sudo update-grub afterwards.

then do this Brightness not working after installing NVIDIA driver


Removing Ubuntu 12.10 and back to Windows 7

If your computer has a recovery partition (and you didn't delete it when installing Ubuntu) then you can boot to that. Check the PC manufacturer's website for instructions specific to your computer.

If not, however, then reinstalling from a Windows Disc is your only recourse.

For future reference; if you ever want to try any Ubuntu distribution you can burn it to a CD and boot to it, then try it out without installing. This makes it easier to audition without the danger of losing your current OS.


why is python running at over 90 percent on cpu all the time in ubuntu 11.10?

Python is an "interpreter", similar to Java for instance. It runs applications. Any application that's written in the Python programming language will be run by a python process. This means that saying "python is running 90%" doesn't really tell us much. It simply means "some application is running".

In this case, however, you provided a hint. Checkbox is the actual Python program that is running. It is a system to test different types of software. It is used for System Testing, which is used to test hardware support, among other things.

Uninstalling an application doesn't exit the application (otherwise, upgrading the system while it is running would be impossible), so even if you have uninstalled system testing, it will still be running. It is difficult to know exactly why it doesn't quit. There's too many unknowns. However, if you log out and back in, the problem will go away. Or if you had to enter your password when running the test (running it as the 'root' user), a reboot will exit that application if it doesn't stop.

Otherwise, you can open System Monitor and find the Python process running the "checkbox" instance. Then you can right-click and kill it.


"Checking for media presence" every boot

Go into the BIOS set via the F2 key...
Then when in the BIOS, go to the ADVANCED tap and look for "Network Stack"...
Click on "Network Stack", then if it's enabled... DISABLED it! Now save changes and exit...
That should do it...


Unity desktop environment and Georgian (MESS) layout

I tried to solve the problem:

Open LibreOffice writer
click Tools.
In Tools click Customize..

This window will open

Find and select your shortcut key in the Shortcut keys, like ctrl+C.
In the Category window select Edit and in the Function select copy
Click Modify
PressOk button

Now ctrl+C works.
Do these steps for all the shortcuts you want.
I don't know the reason of the problem.

I hope that my answer will help.


Shut down computer every night, and wake it up every morning

your poweroff option in the crontab is okay. Test it.
The wake up needs to be set up in Bios, so remove the rtc-wake line from crontab and reboot, go to Bios and set up wake up there.


Imagemagick won't run after upgrade to 15.04

If you're running a Rails app with Imagemagick, the RMagic gem had to be upgraded to the newest version for it to work.

The error I kept getting was something like

LoadError: libMagickCore.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory - /home/rails/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/rmagick-2.13.2/lib/RMagick2.so

When upgrading to 15.04, the imagemagick dependency changed from libMagickCore.so.5 to 6-something. I uninstalled imagemagick, purged it, and then re-installed. That still didn't fix my issue, so I updated my RMagick gem (from 2.13.x to 2.15.x) which then worked.  Hope this helps someone else.


Mutt-patched package missing in Bionic Beaver?

Good news is that the sidebar patches were incorporated into the release version of Mutt a while back. So no more patching and compiling is required under Bionic Beaver to get a fully working sidebar!

To correct your syntax errors you would be best to make a clean start to the sidebar syntax in your ~/.muttrc file. This can be accomplished by:

Commenting out all of the existing sidebar entries in your existing ~/.muttrc file
Opening the provided sample file found in /usr/share/doc/mutt/examples/sample.muttrc-sidebar with your favourite text editor and copying the contents into your existing ~/.muttrc file
Start editing the sidebar entries, starting first and most importantly with this one: setting it to 'yes':

# Should the Sidebar be shown?
set sidebar_visible = yes

This will set you up quickly with the Bionic Beaver Mutt plus sidebar, below is a screenshot of a quick setup on my own Bionic installation:

And then of course for the endless fine tuning that every Mutt user will know and love:)


Fix Plymouth with Nvidia driver in Ubuntu 13.10

Workaround in few steps:

Backup your sources.list: sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup
Just add previous release repo (located here) to your /etc/apt/sources.list and run sudo apt-get update
Download and run this script
Put your sources.list back: sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list_backup /etc/apt/sources.list and execute sudo apt-get update

After, you can download and change some plymouth themes:

sudo apt-get install plymouth-theme-solar
sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth
sudo update-initramfs -u


How do I find what package provides `javac`?

In some cases, additional sleuthing is required. In particular,

$ ls -l $(which javac)
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 May 24  2017 /usr/bin/javac -> /etc/alternatives/javac

shows that /usr/bin/javac is a symbolic link - so we can either use readlink to drill down:

$ dpkg -S "$(readlink -f $(which javac))"
openjdk-8-jdk-headless:amd64: /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac

or (seeing as it's an update-alternatives link)

$ update-alternatives --query javac
Name: javac
Link: /usr/bin/javac
Slaves:
 javac.1.gz /usr/share/man/man1/javac.1.gz
Status: auto
Best: /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac
Value: /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac

Alternative: /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac
Priority: 1081
Slaves:
 javac.1.gz /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/man/man1/javac.1.gz

from which we can pick out the current value:

$ dpkg -S /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac
openjdk-8-jdk-headless:amd64: /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac


Gnome-shell VNC remote desktop connection, ugly blue colors

Try changing the colour depth and quality settings.


How to transfer files between Ubuntu machines on other networks?

If you can connect via ssh I would use scp (secure copy). It isn’t great for copying multiple files at a time, but for just a few it’s fine. The man page is here: https://linux.die.net/man/1/scp


Does this work for you?

sudo EDITOR=gedit visudo

Change this line:

%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL

to this line:

%admin ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

No lectures. :)


Here's another method to install firefox so that we can narrow down this problem to Chrome:

Open a terminal and run:

sudo apt-get install firefox -y

Entering your password when prompted.


From man 7z:

   -o{Directory}
          Set Output directory

It is basically the destination directory for extracting the archive. All the extracted files will be saved in the given directory. This option won't be used in case of creating the archive.

Here is an example:

$ 7z a -t7z check.7z file.txt -ofoo/
Creating archive check.7z
Compressing  file.txt
Everything is Ok

$ ls
check.7z  file.txt  foo

$ 7z x -t7z check.7z -ofoo/
Processing archive: check.7z
Extracting  file.txt
Everything is Ok
Size:       180
Compressed: 221

foo$ ls
file.txt


run sudo apt-get update first.

then [don't run this if you didn't want to upgrade the release ] sudo do-release-upgrade for updating the package.
reboot.

then run sudo apt-get install linux-crashdump

on ubuntu 16.04 server


The output is redirected to myFile.txt and the wc command has therefor nothing to count.

Use that instead:

ls | tee myFile.txt | wc

The tee command prints the input it gets to the file given in the argument and to the standard output stream, that is piped again to wc.


I found a solution on this blog: http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2018/04/fix-edit-option-disabled-shutter-ubuntu-18-04/

Tested and works just fine.


I have founded a solution: I’ve changed the sync to async in this /etc/fstab line that I used to tell Ubuntu to auto-mount the disk:

UUID=<uuid> <pathtomount> <file system> uid=<userid>,gid=<groupid>,umask=0022,sync,auto,rw 0 0.

(Source for auto-mounting the disk when the system starts)


Can we set ON a device which is OFF in the BIOS

Afaik, if the devices is set to OFF in your BIOS, it is NOT POSSIBLE to activate it from the operating system.

ie: In my case if I switch my wireless card to off in the BIOS, rfkill shows the device is hard blocked (hardware blocked).

ID TYPE      DEVICE      SOFT      HARD
 0 wlan      phy0     blocked   blocked
 1 bluetooth hci0     blocked   blocked


USB flash drive automounts without write privilege for user

Removing usbmount fixes the problem:

sudo apt-get remove usbmount

I'm not sure when/how I installed this, but it appears to be mounting usb devices to /media/usb* before gnome does its standard mounting to /media/<username>/.


Well, I finally managed to get it back to work. I just pressed FN + F11 whilst booting, so the screen's output is redirected back to the laptop's LCD, rather to an external display device. After that, hit F12 to enter the boot options and make it start from either UEFI or legacy mode, but ALWAYS with secure mode off.


You need to edit the configuration file at /etc/pam.d/common-auth by typing the command sudo nano /etc/pam.d/common-auth and adding the line auth sufficient pam_fprintd.so above the line that reads auth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure try_first_pass.


bluetooth indicator and other settings not working after updating kernel to 3.16

My only solution to my own question is to revert back to the old setup.

First thins is to uninstall the kernel 3.16 with (replace the version to the right one)

  sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.4.0-* linux-headers-3.4.0-*

Second thing is to remove everything which brought the problem

  sudo apt-get purge linux-generic-lts-utopic xserver-xorg-lts-utopic libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-utopic libegl1-mesa-drivers-lts-utopic

Finally, install the old version of these removed things with

  sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic xserver-xorg libgl1-mesa-glx libegl1-mesa-drivers


Dual monitors on different graphics inputs?

Xfce 4.10 has only limited support for multiple monitors. The upcoming 4.12 is better at that. You can try installing the (unreleased) 4.12 from ppa:xubuntu-dev/xfce-4.12?

Additionally, you can set up the monitors properly by using arandr.


"No Wi-Fi Adapter Found" on Ubuntu 18.04 Lenovo Thinkpad T470

There are quite a few articles online about people having trouble with WiFi on the Thinkpad T470 and Ubuntu 18.04. While there are solutions available if you're willing to install specific kernels, upgrading to 20.04.1 should resolve the issue for you.


Switch between applications by using the keyboard

In Unity since 14.04 you can hit Super+W (window spread) and then type-to-search for a window by it's name or name of the program.


You are using 1.9.22, probably because you have the PPA for it. The command 'wine --version'  always shows the version you are using.

The other version you are seeing, the 1.6.2 is for the package 'wine'  but the 1.9.x package is named wine-staging.

For more information you can also see the following link:

How to install and configure Wine?


How to install/update to repo nVidia driver 304.88-0ubuntu0.0.2 after installing nVidia's Proprietary driver from their website?

I just installed driver version Nvidia 304.88-0ubuntu0.0.1.  Everything works pretty well, except that now Steam is putting out a message stating that nvidia 304.88-0ubuntu0.0.2 needs to be installed.  That's what I'm about to do.

In order to install the drivers, I follow this page's instructions:

http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2010/02/how-to-install-nvidia-drivers-manually-in-ubuntu/

It worked well for me for the driver version I have now, and that's what I'm about to do for the next version.


My new HP computer also had some problems with wi-fi under Ubuntu. Slightly different model and problems, and I managed to fix the most of them, though.

I'm using an HP 15-bs048ns. Maybe you can try these methods, ordered by increasing desperation ‒ hope it helps.

(Please excuse me if you already tried some of them or they're really obvious. I don't know how knowledgeable are you at Linux, and it could help other users out there. I'll try to add links to related answers and pages, too.)

Try not holding the Fn key

You probably have already tried this, but, is your airplane key Fn + F12 or just F12? Some laptops, by default, require that you hold Fn for the F1...F12 keys and not for the special keys.

In my laptop, F12 is airplane, and Fn+F12 is F12. You can set your Fn key to work the traditional way from the BIOS, though. (F12 = F12, Fn+F12 = airplane)

(No matter what the setting, modifier keys work normally with function keys: Shift+F10 will never press the Play/Pause key.)

Airplane key won't work in a GUI - try from the text console

I have an airplane key in F12, but for some reason, it doesn't work under X or Wayland. But it works from the text console (TTY)

If I want to use the Airplane key, I need to:

Press Ctrl+Alt+F3 (no need to worry for the Fn key).
Type my username and password
Press the Airplane key
Press Ctrl+Alt+F2 to return to the GUI.

If my keyboard shortcuts to move between the TTY and the GUI don't work, just try different function keys (F1, F2... through F7)

Install a different module for your wi-fi

My computer didn't even have drivers for my wireless. Yours appears to, but they might not be working properly.

If you need to install new drivers, you'll need first to disable the Secure Boot in shim:

sudo mokutil --disable-validation

It will ask you for a one-time password. Don't bother using a good one, it only works until the next reboot.

You reboot, and when you encounter a blue screen reading “Press any KEY to perform MOK management”, press a key and follow the instructions. You'll probably need to type three separate characters from the password, suppose you used abcdefgh as password:

Type character 4 of password: d
Type character 8 of password: h
Type character 1 of password: a

Press Enter after every letter. Yes, these instructions look too detailed, but it's pretty common to screw up the first time (I did).

I don't know where you can find better modules for your computer. Mine works with lwfinger's drivers (my problems were only with the wi-fi; you'll probably need modules for both bluetooth and wifi).

In any case, if you find your module, it needs to be recompiled every time you upgrade the kernel (or else, the wireless interface and the wireless menus at Ubuntu disappear on your next boot.). You can set up DKMS to recompile them automatically every kernel upgrade ‒ I'm still testing this so I can't give you detailed instructions.

Reprogram your keyboard

I read somewhere (I'll link it if I find it) I could use the showkey command under the TTY to read key events straight from the kernel. And showkey -s to find the address of the pressed key.

Looking at the showkey man page, it doesn't directly read them from the kernel anymore, and the airplane key doesn't output any key event for me... even though it clearly works.

But my computer manages its wireless differently (I'm not sure I even have a hard lock), so it might work for you. If it sends some key event, you can reprogram the key to a different function ― maybe it will work.

You can read at the answer NicoTho that posted how to reprogram a key.


How does this bash script for suspending work?

%s is a format specifier for the date command. From man date

   %s     seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC

The code appears to be checking whether the requested HH:MM has already passed in the current day, and if so is rolling it over to the next calendar day.


How do I remove some sessions from the session list in Xubuntu

Go to $HOME/.cache/sessions and open the latest file with the name xfce-session-yourdesktopname in a text editor.

All your sessions are listed in the file by name in this format:

[Session: Default]

or

[Session:somename]

Select the entire set of lines from [Session:somename] to the next blank line (including the [Session:somename] line and delete them. Save the file.


Using USB as bootable disk but not showing any "install from using usb" option

"Install Ubuntu" option there means, Install from USB, since you booted from USB.
There is no custom messages for CD and USB. All contain "Install Ubuntu" option. The other option is "Try Ubuntu" which Starts Ubuntu without installing giving you a chance to experiment with Ubuntu
Hope this will help.


I have the same issue that i cannot add PPA just 2,3 days back. My internet was working the only things that was not working was adding PPA. So when i add ppa in Y ppa manager Boom it was added and working.

  Y PPA Manager, like the name says, is a tool to manage PPAs: add, remove, purge PPAs, search for packages in Launchpad PPAs, list packages in a PPA and lots more, all from a single user interface.

Complete Feature List

Install Y PPA Manager

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/y-ppa-manager
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install y-ppa-manager

  Open Y ppa From Dash

  Enter Your Admin Password

  Double Click On Add PPA

  Enter The PPA Click Ok To Confirm

Then sudo apt-get update after that install package sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak


Broken Debian package with Quickly due to UnicodeDecodeError

Usually when you see an error such as this it means that a non-English character cannot be displayed - this is a common problem when you have people translate your application and non-English characters need to be displayed.

My workaround for this is usually to convert the string to UTF-8 before it is displayed. Example:

str = widget.get_text(label).decode("UTF-8")

(note: I haven't tested this code, but usually adding decode() to a string works).


I think GUI packages like GNOME, Cinnamon require restart too


How can I recover my RAID 5 array after removing 3 or 4 of 7 disks?

I don't see a way to delete my question, and the options for closing do not apply.  The answer to this is either to simply enter the repair function when Live Booting and mark all the drive partitions that were removed as part of md0 and md1 again (swap and RAID5 ext4), or the answer is very complicated and requires data recovery.  Neither were enticing.  It's probably best to focus more on not doing this sort of thing in the future than trying to fix it anyway.  Fresh start.


listing all packages not used after date

There is deborphan, however it does not support anything similar to --access-time.

However there is also popularity-contest.

  The popularity-contest command gathers information about Debian packages installed on the system, and prints the name of the most recently used executable program in  that  package as  well  as  its  last-accessed  time  (atime) and last-attribute-changed time (ctime) to stdout.

This is an opt-out by default option in Ubuntu, inherited from Debian, as it sends data on what packages you use to Debian servers with /usr/share/popularity-contest/popcon-upload.

You can read about it here: https://popcon.debian.org/README

Anyway you can use it to achieve your goal. The idea is described here:

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/483900/how-to-find-unused-packages-in-debian

However if you don't want your packages stats to be sent to Debian (accidentally or not), you should better make some steps to prevent it.

I.e. you can block popcon.debian.org in /etc/hosts.

First edit /etc/hosts with:

sudo editor /etc/hosts

and add this line into it:

  127.0.0.1 popcon.debian.org

Also you can replace /usr/share/popularity-contest/popcon-upload with some dummy script.

First wipe it with:

echo -n ""  | sudo tee /usr/share/popularity-contest/popcon-upload

Then edit:

sudo editor /usr/share/popularity-contest/popcon-upload

And save it with something like this:

#!/bin/bash

exit 0

Keep in mind that these changes won't be permanent and the mentioned file might get replaces with future upgrades.


When I use a transparent theme a panel becomes visible. How do I remove it?

It's a known bug. There are two main ways to solve it, choose the one that you prefere:

in gnome-tweak-tool disability the handling of the desktop by file manager
remove all the packages related to appmenu.


How can all postfix alerts to root be disabled?

You can edit /etc/aliases file and change the line with postmaster to something like:

postmaster: /dev/null

This will redirect every mail to postmaster to the trash. It could be better to redirect it to a local file instead of trashing them. Look at your option in man page of aliases

After you have made your change to /etc/aliases, run

newaliases
postfix reload


Application menu support for LibreOffice 3.4.1

The extension mentioned in the other posts only works for x86_64!

So if you have a 32bit Ubuntu, as I do, that won't work for you.

I found a way to make it work, tough. Certainly, it's not the most elegant way, since I have no idea how to create a Libreoffice extension from source.

You can download the modified extension for 32bit here: lo-menubar.oxt
Download it, open it, agree in Libreoffice to install it, restart Libreoffice.

I hope I didn't violate any licenses…

If you don't trust me or your just curious what I did, here is what I did:

Download the extension that was mentioned in the other answers:
 lo-menubar.oxt

Get the 32bit deb from the Ubuntu repositories. Open a terminal and enter:

apt-get download lo-menubar

If you didn't change the directory, a file called *lo-menubar_0.1.0-0ubuntu1_i386.deb* should be in your home folder.

Now open lo-menubar.oxt with the archive manager: Right click on the lo-menubar.oxt, open with archive manager (I hope it's called like that, I am using Ubuntu in German)

Now both files should be open, each in an archive manager window.

In lo-menubar.oxt:

Remove the Linux_x86_64 folder
Change into the folder META-INF
Extract manifest.xml (just drag it onto your desktop)
Right click on the extracted manifest.xml - open it with a text editor
Find *platform=Linux_x86_64"* and change it into *platform=Linux_x86"*
Find *Linux_x86_64/menubar.uno.so"* and change it into *Linux_x86/menubar.uno.so"*
Save the manifest.xml and close your text editor
Drag the manifest.xml back into the archive manager, which has lo-menubar.oxt opened, to overwrite that file
Go back to the root folder of lo-menubar.oxt, keep it open.

Open the lo-menubar_0.1.0-0ubuntu1_i386.deb with the archive manager:  Right click on lo-menubar_0.1.0-0ubuntu1_i386.deb, open with archive manager

Change into the folder: /usr/lib/libreoffice/share/extensions/menubar/
Drag the Linux_x86 folder into the lo-menubar.oxt

Close everything and open the lo-menubar.oxt. Restart Libreoffice.


Gparted not installable in Ubuntu 15.10 due to unmet dependencies

You could try using apt-get instead of the software center

sudo apt-get install gparted

if it still complains about unmet dependencies apt-get can try to fix them with:

sudo apt-get install -f


What is the BIOS version you guys are running on your Lenovo machines? I think this may be related to a BIOS update in mid 2015. My G50-45 has the problem with this BIOS version, and it happens with kernels 3.18, 4.4, an 4.7 basically everything.

$ inxi -Fxz | grep Bios
Bios: LENOVO v: A2CN38WW(V2.06) date: 07/15/2015


This is actually simple. Instead of

quickly design

run:

LANG=en quickly design.

This trick works for almost every application, since they all determine your language settings on the basis of LANG (sometimes LANGUAGE or LC_MESSAGES are also significant).


Package 'grub-pc' has no installation candidate

Problem solved!

Only closed and opened again the boot-repair, choose different repair options on advanced, followed the steps and Vualá!

Done. Now i can dual boot.

Thanks for the reply!


How do I "Open with…" a terminal program? Qt Creator, Linux

You can add a custom script to do what you want, but there's couple tricky things that you want to keep in mind:

Your program is in C/C++. This means , that the program will have to be compiled into a binary first. Depending on whether or not it uses any special libraries, you might have to do so from command-line. gcc compiler by default creates a.out file, which can run from terminal ( i.e. executable permission is already set ).  The simple compilations can be scripted, but for more complex you'll need to do that from terminal.
Running a program that prints to terminal requires having a terminal in the first place.  Thus, you need to spawn terminal window first, and then run the program.

So here's the script to do the job:

#!/usr/bin/env python
from os import path
from sys import argv
from subprocess import call

for item in argv[1:]:
    full_path = path.abspath('./' + item)
    try:
        call(['gcc',full_path])
    call(['gnome-terminal','-e',
          "bash -c './a.out;read'"])
    except Exception as e:

Save that as ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/compile_and_run.py , make sure it has executable permissions, and test.

And if everything is successful, that's what you'll see:


Sending MIDI clock only (bpm count) through USB to sequencer [terminal]

http://das.nasophon.de/klick/

  klick is an advanced command-line based metronome for JACK. It allows you to define complex tempo maps for entire songs or performances.

http://lists.linuxaudio.org/pipermail/linux-audio-user/2009-August/061724.html

  I've attached a CLI metronome using the ALSA sequencer, that optionally
  outputs MIDI Clock messages.


Wierd behaviour while transfer of a file in pendrive

This isn't "weird" at all, but normal under most conditions. The slow-down will be seen for all large copies, though the point of slow-down will be different on every machine as this is largely based on available memory resources. System buffers are used during the copy process and will eventually flush to the target. This makes it rather difficult to consistently predict at what point a file copy will decelerate.
There are generally two ways to get around this slow-down:

Use a copy command that allows you to set your own buffers, such as cpio or tar.
Install the nocache package and use nocache cp {source} {destination}

If you are regularly working with very large file copies, the second option would be the simplest.


From the bash manual:

  Pathname Expansion:
         After  word splitting, unless the -f option has been set, bash scans each word for the characters *, ?, and [.  If one of these characters appears, then the
         word is regarded as a pattern, and replaced with an alphabetically sorted list of file names matching the pattern.  If no matching file names are found, and
         the shell option nullglob is not enabled, the word is left unchanged.

So, bash will usually try to do pathname expansion (using the files in the current directory, in the apt-get example you used), and if that fails the word will be passed to the application.

If you aren't intending to be using shell globs for pathname expansion, then expect the application to interpret your wildcard at will, and the behavior you can expect will depend on the application.

If you are unsure, I would strongly recommend reading the command's manual before passing it wildcards.


How to make unity remind me of windows asking for attention?

You can use Recent Notifications Indicator for catching up missed notifications. It will display a postbox icon in your notification area.

To install, use the following commands:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:jconti/recent-notifications
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install indicator-notifications

To start the indicator you have to restart Unity. The simplest way to do this is just to log out and log back in.

Once you have any incoming notifications, the icon turns from „white” to green and you can use its pull down menu to review the messages.


Instructions
Find out the name of your distribution
A quick command to run is lsb_release -c or cat /etc/debian_version. Here's a quick mapping:

Debian unstable (sid) is "sid"
Debian 7.0 (wheezy) is "wheezy"
Debian 6.0 (squeeze) is "squeeze"
Ubuntu 13.04 is "raring"
Ubuntu 12.10 is "quantal"
Ubuntu 12.04 is "precise"
Ubuntu 11.10 is "oneiric"
Ubuntu 11.04 is "natty"
Ubuntu 10.04 or Trisquel 4.0 is "lucid"

Then to add this line

deb     http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org <DISTRIBUTION> main
to the file /etc/apt/sources.list:
by runing this command sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

note: where you put the codename of your distribution (i.e. lenny, sid, maverick or whatever it is) in place of <DISTRIBUTION>.

Then add the gpg key used to sign the packages by running the following commands at your command prompt:

gpg --keyserver keys.gnupg.net --recv 886DDD89
gpg --export A3C4F0F979CAA22CDBA8F512EE8CBC9E886DDD89 | sudo apt-key add -

Now refresh your sources, running the following command (as root) at your command prompt:

apt-get update<br>

If there are no errors you're good to continue.
To install signing key current

apt-get install deb.torproject.org-keyring

finally install Tor just run:

apt-get install tor

Hopefully it will help you.


Unity doesn't load properly, no launcher, no window options

This is a known bug. A fix is done by:

Firstly, install dconf-tools:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

reset Compiz and Unity by using the following command:

dconf reset -f /org/compiz/

then reset unity:

setsid unity


Chromium settings are stored in ~/.config/chromium. it could be that some of these files are corrupted. Deleting the chromium-folder will reset the settings/state of chromium to that of a fresh install. You will lose all your bookmarks and settings so make a backup of that folder first.


Yes.

What you mean is installing the lubuntu-desktop meta-package on top of your Ubuntu installation.

In fact, Lubuntu (and all Ubuntu flavors) is built on top of the exact same base used in Ubuntu. The only thing that changes is the desktop environment and the default applications.

A meta-package is a group of packages which are installed together as part of something bigger. The meta-package lubuntu-desktop brings the LXDE desktop along with applications like Abiword, Gnumeric, Firefox, etc. If you install it on top of the Unity desktop you'll basically have the full functionalities of both Ubuntu and Lubuntu at the same time, and LXDE's performance should be just the same as in a pure Lubuntu install.


You are using Texlive 2013. As you know based on your question - To know the version, use this command in the terminal:

tex --version


You are hitting a sensitive issue: the infamous GTK file picker bug. It was opened in 2004, and has been closed in 2018 to be moved to the new Gnome GitLab bugtracking platform. There, the bug happily lives on up to this day.

is there any way to show thumbnails in file chooser dialog in ubuntu
or in any other distro ?

Yes, for sure...
...however not on a GTK based desktop. Users of a QT based desktop such as KDE Plasma have more luck: Their file picker has a well functioning thumbnail view.


You don't need Network Manager to connect to internet. Follow these steps as you mentioned in your question that you have wired connection. Once you are connected with internet, install those packages that you removed from system mistakenly.

Open Terminal application (Try shortcut: Ctrl+Alt+T).
Type ifconfig and identify your wired interface (Assuming eth0 here).
Type sudo dhclient eth0 to get dhcp IP from your router and get connected.
Type ping google.com to check your internet connection.

Feel free to ask any questions.


Xubuntu Restarts Automatically after Shutdown

I recall having similar issues many years ago that was strangely due to the video drivers.  If you remove quiet splash from your /etc/default/grub and run sudo update-grub, you should be able to find the specific place where the shutdown is getting hung up.


locate command for searching exact filename only

From man locate

EXAMPLES
   To search for a file named exactly NAME (not *NAME*), use
          locate -b '\NAME'
   Because \ is a globbing character, this disables the implicit  replace‐
   ment of NAME by *NAME*.

Therefore...

locate -b '\xyz.c'


Ubuntu splash screen changed to edubuntu, why did it happen and how do I change it back?

Did you install edbuntu-desktop? Either way simply remove the plymouth-theme-edubuntu package:

sudo apt-get remove plymouth-theme-edubuntu

and reboot.


Dont dim desktop when asking password for administrative changes

Open Configuration Editor (gconf-editor) and navigate to /apps/gksu. Now, tick off the box that says 'Disable Grab'. Alternatively, you could run

gconftool-2 --type boolean --set /apps/gksu/disable-grab "True"

in a terminal.


How can I ensure that my sshfs mounted drives stay connected as much as possible?

You could try supplying the reconnect option to sshfs (that's if you haven't done so already!)

sshfs -o reconnect -o idmap=user ...

Interestingly, the sshfs man page is quite uncommunicative about this option, but it seems to do what you're after.  I myself have a remote drive mounted with sshfs on a Mac, a Linux laptop and an Android phone, and the connection seems quite robust on all --- it will quite reliably (by no means always but I'd say over 90% of cases) survive loss of connection, suspend/hibernate etc.

Hope this helps!


"sudo iw reg get" still shows "country 00" after updating "/etc/default/crda"

Often, a country code is set in the chip of the wireless device. For example, I recently bought a USB wireless and, as I studied dmesg, I noticed:

  cfg80211: Regulatory domain changed to country: CN

I am located in the USA.

Can you set the CRDA after the computer is started?

sudo iw reg set US
iw reg get

If so, you can set it in rc.local:

gksudo gedit /etc/rc.local

Use nano or kate or leafpad if you don't have the text editor gedit.

Add a last line, right above exit 0, to read:

iw reg set US

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

If this is ineffective, please try:

sudo -i
echo "options cfg80211 ieee80211_regdom=US"  >  /etc/modprobe.d/cfg80211.conf
exit

Check after a reboot:

iw reg get


First boot into your Windows installation and disable hibernation and Fast Boot.
Disable hibernation by opening command prompt as administrator and execute:

    powercfg /h off

To disable Fast Boot open Control Panel (the old version - not the modern design),
select the Energy Settings, enable show hidden settings and uncheck Fast Boot.

Shut down the machine completely - do NOT reboot !

Reinstall the GRUB boot loader to your Ubuntu installation  in EFI mode.
Boot from the Ubuntu installation media - open a terminal and execute:

    sudo mount /dev/sd*** /mnt
    sudo mount /dev/sd** /mnt/boot/efi
    for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i; done
    sudo chroot /mnt
    grub-install /dev/sd*
    update-grub

Note:

sd* = disk | sd** = efi partition | sd*** = system partition

To identify the partition numbers use GParted, the tool is included in the Ubuntu install media.
Boot into BIOS and select Ubuntu in UEFI settings to be the default operating system to boot.
Now you are able to select the operating system you want to boot from the GRUB boot menu.