UPDATE PPA

Supposedly this PPA will do the trick, but I haven't tried it as I am just using the git version so I can more easily build newer version in the future.  If you want a nice packaged version then here is the launchpad.
https://launchpad.net/~blaze/+archive/ubuntu/kf5/

CONTINUE BELOW FOR SOURCE COMPILE FROM KDE

I figured out how to solve the problem and it is pretty simple given the steps are written out and you can follow along.  If you aren't comfortable compiling yourself though you might want to just wait for either a PPA, or backports at least if you are going to stick with 16.04.

In order to fix this issue you can either manually add all the correct paths while using the packaged version of Kdevelop, or you can build it from source.

I am using a version built from source and I can use it while still having the old version installed so if you follow the directions you should have two working version of KDevelop that do not conflict.

I will post the important bits here in case something happens to the link, but this should help.

Install dependencies

  sudo apt-get build-dep qtbase5-dev

  sudo apt-get install libbz2-dev libxslt-dev libxml2-dev
  shared-mime-info oxygen-icon-theme libgif-dev libvlc-dev
  libvlccore-dev doxygen gperf bzr libxapian-dev fontforge
  libgcrypt20-dev libattr1-dev network-manager-dev libgtk-3-dev xsltproc
  xserver-xorg-dev xserver-xorg-input-synaptics-dev libpwquality-dev
  modemmanager-dev libxcb-keysyms1-dev libepoxy-dev
  libpolkit-agent-1-dev libnm-util-dev libnm-glib-dev libegl1-mesa-dev
  libxcb-xkb-dev libqt5x11extras5-dev libwww-perl libxml-parser-perl
  libjson-perl libboost-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev
  libgstreamer1.0-dev libarchive-dev liblmdb-dev cmake git
  extra-cmake-modules "libkf5.*-dev" llvm llvm-3.6 libclang-3.6-dev

Add the following text to your ~/.gitconfig:

[url "git://anongit.kde.org/"]
   insteadOf = kde:
[url "ssh://git@git.kde.org/"]
   pushInsteadOf = kde:

Install Kde Src Build

mkdir ~/kdesrc
cd ~/kdesrc
git clone kde:kdesrc-build
cd kdesrc-build
cp kdesrc-buildrc-kf5-sample ~/.kdesrc-buildrc

# Install a symlink of kdesrc-build to a location in PATH
mkdir ~/bin
ln -s $PWD/kdesrc-build ~/bin
export PATH=~/bin:$PATH

Configure kdesrc-build

edit ~/.kdesrc-buildrc

Replace /path/to/kdesrc-build/kf5-qt5-build-include with ~/kdesrc/kdesrc-build/kf5-qt5-build-include in that file

Add ignore-kde-structure true and make-options -jN to the global section

install more dependencies

kdesrc-build --debug libkomparediff2 grantlee kdevplatform kdevelop-pg-qt kdevelop

Copy these commands to a new file called ~/.env-kf5:

export KF5=~/kde-5
export QTDIR=/usr
export CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=$KF5:$CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
export XDG_DATA_DIRS=$KF5/share:$XDG_DATA_DIRS:/usr/share
export XDG_CONFIG_DIRS=$KF5/etc/xdg:$XDG_CONFIG_DIRS:/etc/xdg
export PATH=$KF5/bin:$QTDIR/bin:$PATH
export QT_PLUGIN_PATH=$KF5/lib/plugins:$KF5/lib64/plugins:$KF5/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/plugins:$QTDIR/plugins:$QT_PLUGIN_PATH
#   (lib64 instead of lib, on OpenSUSE and similar)
export QML2_IMPORT_PATH=$KF5/lib/qml:$KF5/lib64/qml:$KF5/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qml:$QTDIR/qml
export QML_IMPORT_PATH=$QML2_IMPORT_PATH
export KDE_SESSION_VERSION=5
export KDE_FULL_SESSION=true

Run KDevelop

source ~/.env-kf5
kdevelop

source


How to install intel hd graphics 3000 and nvidia geforce 610m

Intel drivers already are installed - install the NVIDIA drivers and Optimus.

Open a terminal and execute:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

Use NVIDIA X Server Settings to switch between Intel and NVIDIA graphics.


How to create a separate home partition after installing Ubuntu under single / partition

If you don’t create a separate home partition while installing Ubuntu, you don’t have to reinstall Ubuntu from scratch. To migrate to a separate home partition after installation, you’ll have to create a new partition (which may require resizing your existing partitions), copy the files from your existing home directory to that partition, and tell Ubuntu to mount the new partition at /home.

Create a New Partition : use Gparted to shrink and create new partition. Here a tutorial for you.
Copy Home Files to New Partition : copy your files from old home to the newly created partition

sudo cp -Rp /home/* /new-partition-mount-point

Get your new Partition’s UUID: use the command:

sudo blkid

Copy the UUID to add it later to the fstab
Add to the fstab:

sudo gedit /etc/fstab

Add the following text to the fstab file on a new line

UUID=New-partition-UUID    /home     ext4     nodev,nosuid     0     2

Move Home Directory & Restart

Move your current home directory, and create a new, empty home directory which your new partition will be mounted at:

cd /
sudo mv /home /home_OLD
sudo mkdir /home

Now restart and check your new configuration, If everything is just perfect then you can completely remove your old home.

sudo rm -rf /home_OLD

For details and more information refer to the Ubuntu wiki: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Partitioning/Home/Moving


The creation of swap space in partition #3 of SCSI1 (0,0,0) (sda) failed

Update #1:

Switching the SATA drive to another SATA port on the motherboard fixed the problem and allowed the user to complete the rest of this answer.

To initialize the hard drive and install Ubuntu...

Boot to the Ubuntu Live DVD/USB and select "Try Ubuntu". Start gparted from the Unity dashboard. Assure that the correct drive is selected in the popup in the top-right corner... it probably says /dev/sda if this is your primary/only hard disk. Warning: the next steps will wipe out whatever drive is selected! Go to the Device menu and choose Create Partition Table.... Choose to lay down a GPT/GUID partition table. Then click the Apply icon. This will leave the hard disk initialized, with 100% unallocated space. Quit gparted.

Now double-click on the Install Ubuntu icon that's on the desktop. Proceed with the installation. From there, you can manually adjust/create the partitions required... or better yet, let the installer choose the correct sizes for you.


I installed Ubuntu 14.04 and now my computer won't boot from the hard drive.

Okay, in the end, I had to reinstall 14.04 (erasing all previous versions, but without the encryption) while I was in the Flash Drive version of Ubuntu. Then I ran boot-repair. Then I shut the computer down and removed my thumb drive. Then I started the computer and it worked. Not sure which step was the winner this time, but when I tried the exact same set of steps outside the thumb drive driven Ubuntu environment and when I tried to do the "encrypted" version of the install, it would not work.


Can't install 14.04 (32bit) dual boot with Windows 7

Use 'something else'.

Go through the answer here by @danatela with heading 'If you have blank disk':


There are a lot of different package formats in the Linux world. You need to use the one that is suitable for the kind of Linux you are using. To name just the most popular ones:

DEB for Debian (hence the name) and Ubuntu with all its flavours, using the dpkg and the higher-level apt package managers

RPM (Red Hat Package Manager) for Red Hat / Fedora, SUSE, Mandriva and more

AUR for Arch Linux and Manjaro, using the PacMan package manager

On Ubuntu, you need DEB packages. For very exceptional cases and if you are an advanced user, you can also install some others (e.g. RPM) if you know what you are doing, but for a novice Ubuntu user, I would not recommend that. Stick with DEB and use theapt command or the graphical synaptic.
So, try to find instructions for that program how to build DEB packages. Or check if maybe somebody already did that and provides those packages as a PPA. Or maybe it's already in the official Ubuntu repositories.


When programming with Wayland, in C, how can I get the functionality xcb and Xlib provide?

This is embarrassing: I should have checked the X.Org's Wayland FAQs more than once. I found the answer to my question right where I looked for it the first time...
[wayland.freedesktop.org/faq][1]

  ...there are some clients which rely on X11, and always will be. To that end, XWayland provides a plugin for Wayland compositors, running a real X server. This gives legacy clients a real and compliant X11 platform to run on, displayed side by side with native Wayland clients in your Wayland session

I apologize for the phrasing of my question, "will Xlib and XCB be around for a long time still?" The phrase "long time still" is asking for an opinion and I meant factual knowledge.

Where it say int the quote included here that there "always will be" clients relying on X11, I interpret it to mean "for a long time still." It's kind of vague, I know. Perhaps as a programmer I expect too much exactness from natural languages.

Another good piece of inexact news, which has bearing on whether it's worthwhile writing code which uses X11 is that there is little to no overhead penalty "the overhead of running X on Wayland."

This all has me decided: I'll continue to #include <Xlib-xcb.h> and won't worry about it.


According to the Bash manual, Bash natively supports a "vi-style command line editing interface". To use it, add set -o vi to your ~/.bashrc file.

By default you'll be in input mode; press Esc to enter command mode. This cheatsheet lists the commands available to you.


How to enable/disable lock screen from the command line

Use:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver lock-enabled <value>

Enable lockscreen -> value: true

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver lock-enabled true

Disable lockscreen:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver lock-enabled false


How to use or re-package a package for Debian distribution?

For your information - IRAF is packaged in Ubuntu since Bionic Beaver 18.04 LTS:

  Package iraf

  bionic (18.04LTS) (science): Image Reduction and Analysis Facility [universe]
  2.16.1+2018.03.10-2: amd64 arm64 armhf i386 ppc64el
  cosmic (science): Image Reduction and Analysis Facility [universe]
  2.16.1+2018.03.10-2: amd64 arm64 armhf i386 ppc64el

You may consider upgrade from your Ubuntu version.


How to fetch binaries a package will install?

You might want to use a very helpful package: apt-file (that you have to install first, and then apt-file update to fetch the list of files)

apt-file list binutils-gold

will list the files provided by that.

It has also many more helpful features, like a search, to look for a package that provides a file that you need.


"Using Ubuntu-supplied fglrx/Catalyst on Ubuntu Quantal, will install fglrx/Catalyst 9.000, which is roughly equivalent to Catalyst 12-9" [from this guide] The page also gives instructions for downloading the current drivers from AMD's web site.


The easiest way is probably to boot to a recovery shell.

If you don't get grub at start up hold down SHIFT while rebooting and you should see this

Select the recovery mode then open a root shell

You may need to remount the file system

mount -o rw,remount /

You can then use chown to set it back to its default

chown root:root /usr

reboot to test

shutdown -r now


Can't cd to directory for which group has permissions

In order to access a directory, you must have all needed permission for all directories above that directory.

i.e. if one wants to access /home/johnny/Projects/ it should be able to access also:
/home/ and /home/johnny/ folders.

For that you should grant group data all needed permissions to the sub-directories and its parents - or atleast allow x (execute/change-directory) on every parent directory.

Note: as mentioned by @Rinzwind - From privacy/security POV it is better to have a dedicated partition to store those projects, this will make sure that no sensitive private data will be accessed by mistake.

e.g. for such structure: dedicated partition: /opt/project and under this partition you'll have folder per student (/opt/project/johnny/ , /opt/project/dave/) where /opt/project/ will be accessed to everyone in the data group, and if needed all students folders under /opt/project will also allows read/execute access to their project folder

You might want to reverse the link, so every student will have a sym-link from his home account to the project which will be located on a dedicated partition.

/home/johnny/Projects/ -> /opt/project/johnny/
/home/jenny/Projects/  -> /opt/project/jenny/


How can I get line-in microphone working with Skype?

I got it working by doing this. You should enter the commands in a terminal.

Install pulseaudio if you haven't done that already:

sudo apt-get install pulseaudio

or using Software center
Install pavucontrol and pavumeter if you haven't done that already:

sudo apt-get install pavucontrol pavumeter

Restart to get pulseaudio running
Start pavucontrol, and make sure that input/output is set to Audio Stereo Duplex
Start alsamixer, and set the values as follows:

Output

- Master: 100
- Set the others values on 63, including CAPTURE

Input

- Line-in: 40
- Mic: 63
- Phone: 40
- Aux: 40
- Analog Source: mic
- Digital Source: i2s in
- Shared Mic: mic in

If you get a strange 'looping beep' right now, don't worry, this happened to me too.

Start Skype.

Because of the restart you did earlier, Skype should automatically use PulseAudio. Make sure that you don't allow Skype to change the volume settings. You can do that in Skype's volume settings.

Make a test call to confirm that the microphone works.


Short Answer

You can't. None of the applications typically associated with the Ubuntu desktop are available for iOS and Apple doesn't let you install your own software.

Long answer

According to Mark's comment it's possible to install Android on iPads. Since Android is Linux it should be possible to build something that looks like the Ubuntu desktop and runs Ubuntu applications on top of it but it wouldn't actually be Ubuntu because it's based on Android. Hence the whole thing would be off topic here.


It is a known issue with FGLRX and Ubuntu. I thought it only happened with Unity-2D but according to what you're saying it also happens with classic desktop. All OpenGL windows suffer from this problem. Take a look in here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity-2d/+bug/800599
To disable webgl in Firefox you can type about:config in the address bar and search for webgl.


Why doesn't JSLint/JSHint work in Ubuntu?

Due to a conflict with an older "node" package, nodejs gets installed as nodejs instead of node, the latter being what jshint is looking for.

Try this:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/nodejs /usr/bin/node

For more information, see:

node.js conflicts (the node --purge solution didn't work for me on 13.04, hence the symlink above)
Issue reported on jshint's Github "Most likely the Node binary is not in your PATH."


Is is possible to change the icon of a particular folder?

Yes, this is easy to do. Right click the folder you wish (or select it and use the File menu) and choose Properties.

From there, click the icon button near the top left and you can browse to an image of your choice.

If it's handy, you can also drag and drop an image to that button.

This selection is tied to your user account, so if you ever move the image you have chosen or access the folder from another computer, your custom icon will not be visible.


Try this command:

sudo gedit /etc/modules

Then add these 2 lines at the end of the file:

usbserial
option

Save, close and restart. When you come back on, try your bluetooth again.


What is the status of multiarch for 11.10?

Install 32-bit Compatibility Libraries

Have you tried installing the 32-bit libraries?

sudo apt-get install ia32-libs

If that's installed, then navigate to the Chrome .deb package and use (to force installation):

sudo dpkg --force-architecture -i <name-of-package>.deb

And if things aren't working at first, try re-configuring the package manager:

sudo apt-get install -f

Or...

sudo dpkg --configure -a

Download Native 64-bit Google Chrome

Alternatively, you can just install the native 64-bit Chrome package from here at Google.

Just remember that Oneiric is still in Alpha, many things can go wrong; don't be surprised if it doesn't work initially!

Reference:

Ubuntu Forums


Terminal command to execute apps pinned to unity bar

Addressing the core issue

So far the cause of your issue with Super+number keys remains unknown, but I strongly believe that you would need  to check whether the Super key is enabled under Unity Plugin in Compiz Config Settings Manager. ( obtainable via sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager command).

Command-line approach would be via this command:

dconf reset /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/show-launcher

Addressing the title question

However, to address the title question that you have, namely whether there is a command-line tool for open a program from Unity launcher . . . well, there wasn't a tool like that until now. The script given below performs exactly that function.

Usage

As given by -h option:

$ ./open_launcher_item.py -h
usage: open_launcher_item.py [-h] -i ITEM

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -i ITEM, --item ITEM  position of app on the launcher

So if you wanted to launch first app on the launcher, do

./open_launcher_item.py -i 0

If you want second item,

./open_launcher_item.py -i 1

To make the script work, store it in ~/bin folder. If you don't have bin folder in your /home/USER folder, then create one. Ensure the script is executable via chmod +x ~/bin/open_launcher_item.py command, or by right-clicking on the file in graphical file manager, and checking "Allow executing as program" under Permissions tab.

To make it work for keyboard shortcut, you will have to create like 9 shortcuts, and for each one of them set appropriate command , with -i 0, -i 1, and so forth until -i 9. Please note, that you will need to use full path to the script, i.e. /home/USER/bin/open_launcher_item.py -i 1

Script Source

Also available on GitHub

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Author: Serg Kolo , contact: 1047481448@qq.com
# Date: January 15th, 2017
# Purpose: opens applications on Unity launcher according to position
# Tested on: Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gio,Gtk
import sys,argparse

class ApplicationOpener(Gtk.Application):

    def __init__(self):
        Gtk.Application.__init__(self,flags=Gio.ApplicationFlags.HANDLES_COMMAND_LINE)
        self.args = None
        self.schema = 'com.canonical.Unity.Launcher'
        self.key = 'favorites'

    def gsettings_get(self, schema, path, key):
        """Get value of gsettings schema"""
        if path is None:
            gsettings = Gio.Settings.new(schema)
        else:
            gsettings = Gio.Settings.new_with_path(schema, path)
        return gsettings.get_value(key)

    def get_launchers(self):
        return [ i.replace('application://',"")
                 for i in self.gsettings_get(self.schema,None,self.key)
                     if i.startswith('application://')
        ]

    def do_activate(self):
        position = self.args.item
        launchers = self.get_launchers()

        if position > len(launchers):
            position = -1

        try:
            Gio.DesktopAppInfo.new(launchers[position]).launch_uris(None)
        except Exception as e:
            subprocess.call(['zenity','--error','OOPS! SOMETHING WENT WRONG:\n' + str(e)])
        return 0

    def do_command_line(self, args):
        parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
        parser.add_argument('-i', '--item',
                            type=int,required=True,
                            help='position of app on the launcher')
        self.args = parser.parse_args(args.get_arguments()[1:])
        self.do_activate()
        return 0

def main():

    app = ApplicationOpener()
    exit_status = app.run(sys.argv)
    sys.exit(exit_status)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()


How to use zsh without affecting others?

There are two way to switch to zsh, chsh -s /bin/zsh will set zsh as default then every user should use it, zsh will change shell to zsh only this time this connection. So the second way is just fine.

For these having similar problem, I write an alias

alias ssh_alias='ssh -p 1234 -i path/to/id_rsa name@host -t '\''zsh'\'

ref


Server and Desktop Differences

There are a few differences between the Ubuntu Server Edition and the Ubuntu Desktop Edition. It should be noted that both editions use the same apt repositories, making it just as easy to install a server application on the Desktop Edition as it is on the Server Edition.

The differences between the two editions are the lack of an X window environment in the Server Edition, the installation process, and different Kernel options.

Package Tasks

During the Server Edition installation you have the option of installing additional packages from the CD. The packages are grouped by the type of service they provide.

DNS server: Selects the BIND DNS server and its documentation.

LAMP server: Selects a ready-made Linux/Apache/MySQL/PHP server.

Mail server: This task selects a variety of packages useful for a general purpose mail server system.

OpenSSH server: Selects packages needed for an OpenSSH server.

PostgreSQL database: This task selects client and server packages for the PostgreSQL database.

Print server: This task sets up your system to be a print server.

Samba File server: This task sets up your system to be a Samba file server, which is especially suitable in networks with both Windows and Linux systems.

Tomcat Java server: Installs Apache Tomcat and needed dependencies.

Virtual Machine host: Includes packages needed to run KVM virtual machines.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) : is a network service that enables host computers to be automatically assigned settings from a server as opposed to manually configuring each network host.

Source and If you would like to get more information look this guide.


Trapped in the "Configuring ttf-mscorefonts-installer"

On screens like this, tab cycles forward through the fields. shift+tab cycles backward. You should be able to hit tab once or twice to get to the OK field, then continue.


How to search for a word in a file but also show the whole file along with the found word?

With grep you can use:
$ grep -E -e 'pattern' -e '$' file

or in a simplified form:
$ grep -E 'pattern|$' file

Technically this would work too:
$ grep -E 'pattern|^' file

or even : grep -E 'pattern|' file. It says lines with pattern or no pattern at all. so everything will match.
I have grep aliased to grep --color=always, so if you don't you have to pass the color option yourself.

With less:
$ less -p 'pattern' file

So the file would pop-up in less, the desired term would be highlighted and you can use n and shift+n to jump around between matches.


How do I use Ubuntu Backup (DejaDup) with Owncloud (WebDAV)?

I figured it out :-)

These are the correct settings:

Server: owncube.com
tick "Use secure connection (HTTPS)"
Port: 443
Folder: /files/webdav.php/backup-computer1
Username: myowncubeusername

I guess the dejadup form isn't smart enough to parse the "long" server address, so the rest has to be part of the "folder" field.


There are a lot of different solutions/workarounds I'm going to mention some:

1. Find installed version

1.1. dpkg

Use dpkg -l pkg-name to get package version, e.g:

$ dpkg -l firefox

it's going to give you some information:

||/ Name         Version                  Architecture    Description
+++-==========================================================================
ii  firefox      53.0.3+build1-0ubuntu0.  amd64           Safe and easy web brow

1.2. pkg --version

Depends on your package switches like -v or --version might be available to you:

firefox -v

2. Last available version

2.1. apt show

Then use sudo apt update to make sure your sources are up to date, and use apt show firefox | grep -i version to see the last version available.

2.2. Ubuntu packages database

You can also check https://packages.ubuntu.com to search for your package version.

2.3. apt changelog

As an alternative you can use apt changelog pkg-name, e.g apt changelog firefox this will connect to internet to get the last "change log" data so you don't have to update your sources for using this command.

2.4. rmadison

The other option is rmadison, it remotely query the archive database about a packages, so you don't have to update your source in this option.

First install its package: sudo apt install devscripts, then use it like:

 rmadison -s zesty -a amd64  wget

it give you last available version of wget for "zesty" and "amd64" architecture.


What's wrong after uninstalling plymouth?

Removing Plymouth also removes the display manager, e.g. lightdm and/or gdm and a little bit more. Here is a snippet of the remove command on my system:

sudo apt-get remove --simulate plymouth
[…]
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  cryptsetup gdm lightdm mountall plymouth plymouth-label plymouth-theme-ubuntu-gnome-logo plymouth-theme-ubuntu-gnome-text plymouth-theme-ubuntu-logo plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-gnome-desktop unity unity-greeter unity-tweak-tool upstart
  upstart-bin
[…]

That's the reason, why you don't have a login screen anymore.

An advice to revert the mistake

You can always login on tty1 and reinstall lightdm/gdm and the other removed packages like ubuntu-desktop and upstart. An overview of the removed packages can you find in /var/log/dpkg.log. In my example I would have to reinstall

sudo apt-get install gdm lightdm ubuntu-desktop upstart ubuntu-gnome-desktop unity unity-tweak-tool

After that start your display manager, e.g.

sudo service gdm start

or

sudo systemctl start gdm

What is Plymouth?

  Plymouth is an application that runs very early in the boot process
  (even before the root filesystem is mounted!) and provides a
  graphical boot animation while the boot process happens in the
  background.

Source: apt-cache show plymouth

… and Plymouth replaces usplash.

Find more about Plymouth here.


"jsonlint: command not found", although jsonlint IS installed


What is this icon on top right of screen?

The icon is to "Toggle the touchscreen" shortcut for the setting found in the gnome-tweak-tool


What is aptitude's extended state information

I believe the extended state information is stored in /var/lib/apt/extended_states.  Looking at the file on my machine, it stores the architecture for each installed package and whether or not those packages were installed manually or automatically (i.e. as a dependency of another package).


Cannot install Apache. Missing Dependencies that will not install

Have you tried installing them seperately?
Like this:
sudo apt-get install apache2 php5 php5-mysql mysql-server
and then also
sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin
sudo apt-get update


Have to CTRL+ALT+DEL to get GRUB menu HP Pavilion ze2000 Ubuntu 12.10

I also had this problem, but since my machine is different and I am using Lubuntu 14.04, I didn't post here. For documentation purposes, the solution I found is this one: https://askubuntu.com/a/612714/121101.

Summarizing:

Comment out these options:

GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true

Change this line to look like so:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset"


Your ethernet device is probably using the r8169 driver, which is buggy. You need to install the r8168-dkms driver (and dkms).

Start Synaptic. Click the RELOAD icon. Click the SEARCH icon and enter r8168-dkms. Enable for installation that item in the results pane. Click the APPLY icon. Reboot.

Let us know how you make out.

Cheers, Al


Booting ubuntu-20.04-live-server-amd64.iso on VMware virtual machine fails

Just finished installing a bunch of these, and had an error that occured in all due to missing UUIDs of disk being exposed to the VM.

To fix, I had to

open vSphere
power down the VM (cannot do this if powered on)
edit the VM (Right click, Edit Settings...)
go to the VM Options tab from the top
open Advanced section
Click Edit Configuration in "Configuration parameters"
click on "Add configuration params"
add option with disk.EnableUUID as name and TRUE as value
restart the machine
Ok, save etc and restart


Ubuntu does not include a driver for this Dell printer.

A google search tells me that Dell's 1135N might actually be a rebadged Samsung SCX-4623F with customised firmware.

Can you try weather the splix driver for the Samsung SCX-4623F, which is included with Ubuntu, works with your printer? Go to system-config-printer (System -> Administration -> Printing in GNOME classic, Gear icon at the upper right of the screen -> Printers in Unity), right click your Printer and select Properties > click Change... next to the Make and Model field to see the available drivers and change it to Samsung SCX-4623F.


Why do people install outdated versions of Ubuntu?

I would assume in 99% of cases it's lack of awareness: they don't realise their version is out of date.

Other reasons may include:

Don't have enough internet speed/quota to download an up-to-date CD image so they install from a bought/borrowed physical CD that's out of date.
They need an older version of some software (and don't realise the security ramifications of downgrading the entire OS for just one piece of software).
They installed Ubuntu some time ago and have never bothered upgrading (possibly partly because they don't have the internet speed or quota).


How to send TLS syslog message via logger command

No.

logger can only send cleartext data to either a UDP socket, a TCP socket, or a local UNIX Domain Socket (like /dev/log, which is the default if logger isn't instructed otherwise).

But.

I assume you have rsyslog setup on a remote server (say syslog-server.mydomain) to listen on TCP port 6514 because that is the default port when using Syslog over TLS. I further assume rsyslog on that remote server is configured similar to this:

# Certificate configuration for encrypted transmission:
global(
    defaultNetstreamDriver         = "gtls"
    defaultNetstreamDriverCAFile   = "/path/to/root-ca.crt"
    defaultNetstreamDriverCertFile = "/path/to/certificates/server-certificate.crt"
    defaultNetstreamDriverKeyFile  = "/path/to/keys/server-private.key"
)

# Load input module for encrypted TCP to receive messages from the clients:
module(
    load                  = "imtcp"
    StreamDriver.Name     = "gtls"
    StreamDriver.Mode     = "1"
    StreamDriver.AuthMode = "anon"
)

# Ruleset to write externally received messages to a certain file:
ruleset(name="from_remote") {
    action(type="omfile" File="/var/log/messages-from-remote.log")
}

# Bind above ruleset to the TCP listener on port 6514:
input(type="imtcp" port="6514" ruleset="from_remote")

Usually (if the remote server wasn't setup to use Syslog over TLS) you could issue

logger --tcp --server syslog-server.mydomain --port 6514 -p local1.info "Hello World, $RANDOM"

but due to logger's inability to handle TLS this does not work. Instead you must prepare a syslog message manually and send it via gnutls-cli. Copy the server's CA file to the local machine and then issue:

echo "<142>$HOSTNAME Hello World, $RANDOM" | \
    gnutls-cli syslog-server.mydomain --port=6514 --x509cafile=/path/to/root-ca.crt

The <142> is the encoded value for local1.info, $HOSTNAME is the source host and the text Hello World, $RANDOM is the actual logmessage. gnutls-cli reads this string from its stdin and sends it to the given server and port using the given CA.

The message should appear on the remote server in the file /var/log/messages-from-remote.log.

The tool gnutls-cli is part of the package gnutls-bin which can be installed via sudo apt install gnutls-bin.

Of course you can also configure your local rsyslog to forward certain messages via TLS to the remote server and then use logger as usual, that is: have logger send the messages to the local rsyslog daemon (which is the default anyway) and then let your local rsyslog forward the encrypted message.


Set up a live ubuntu boot-repair usb/CD.
Boot the system from there
launch boot repair from the dash
Select Recomended repair. Copy the output of the paste.ubuntu generated here, just in
case.
Reboot

More info and explanations for setting up and using boot-repair here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


Can I remove the Ctrl+W shortcut in Nautilus?

No, you can't do that. Keystrokes will go to whichever window has focus. The easiest thing to do is simply click once on the text editor after drag & dropping your file to it. That will give the window focus.


Most (if not all) of the HP printers work using HPLIP without installing anything else.
They also can be shared without any additional software (at least to linux machines). You can use CUPS too or samba to share for windows machines.

PS: all software needed have 0 cost

UPDATE:

In Ubuntu you don't need additional drivers for the print server or router sharing a printer or to connect directly to a wifi printer only the printer driver (that is already included in HPLIP in Ubuntu). You can add a printer and connect to it with ipp.

Have a look at:

ubuntu forum

e-how


Multiboot ubuntu, Elementary, Windows, joint swap or sparate ones?

It is safe to have a triple boot setup as long as you have enough empty hard drive space. Make sure you backup before partitioning.

You can use the same Swap partition since it is used only while the OS is running. But do not hibernate one OS and then boot in another OS, because when you go back to the first one, it will not be able to wake up from hibernation.


Is it legal to integrate the Ubuntu system in my software product?

Software within Ubuntu is widely GPL compatible and various essential base components are certainly GPL2 or GPL3. Those are the licenses you're going to have to abide by.

The core understanding is that if you include this software, you need to make the source code available. I'm not sure if that stretches to your software (if it just sits on top) but if you've customised any of the Ubuntu system by modifying existing files, you must provide source for that.

I would strongly suggest talking to a professional about this. The FSF might be able to help but either way, I would start just by reading through what the GPL is and how it effects you:

http://www.gnu.org/licenses/
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.html

People take these licenses seriously. Don't ignore them.

Just to express this again: GPL is not the only license in use (there are a myriad of various open source licenses in use in the default install of Ubuntu) but adhering to GPL should (talk to a lawyer about how you do that and to indemnify yourself that if this is true) mean you're also complying with their licenses. Aka, GPL is the fussiest license.

If you install other things (including things from the repo, or software that Ubuntu offers to install like drivers), these may have different licenses and you'll need to audit that. See the comments for some questions on dealing with that aspect. The rest of my answer assumes a clean Ubuntu install.


Funny... Answering ones own question seems a bit schizophrenic, but - whatever!

I found
1) the reason and so, of course
2) the solution to this problem.

The problem was, that I used a PPA from launchpad with a couple of Gnome-Shell extensions. I wanted to try, if those coul make the new shell more "sexy" for me. Doesn't change a thing, though - at leats for me. From that repository I'd installed a gnome shell global menu extension.
It wasn't active, but after it's installation I found the Eclipse menu at once, where it belongs to.

Hope, that if someone else runs into this kind of problems, that this helps to solve it...


open files when clicked in search results

Yes, there is a way - double click on the file instead of single-clicking it.


thunderbird 86.0b.1 can't locate other applications

Snaps are not debs. Snaps are different.  Snaps don't show among your deb updates. Snaps automatically upgrade silently. That's one of their big features.
When you chose to install the Thunderbird snap, you were perhaps unwise to choose 'Beta' -- that means you WANT to be a tester and discover problems and file bug reports.
Advice: Thunderbird is unable to follow HTML links seems like a bug. Please report it: https://snapcraft.io/forum.
Suggestion for downgrading to the 'Stable" channel: Backup your Profile data. Then try creating a new Profile, and copy your data into it.


How do I find out where a program has been installed?

You can use whereis command. For example, in your case:

whereis sublime-text

Also locate can be useful in this sense. Use it like this:

sudo updatedb && locate sublime-text


How do I connect to the wifi in Ubuntu within my Virtual Machine?

What you have to do is:

Open virtual machine Settings-> Network, then choose adapter1 to NAT.
Now open Network and Sharing-Center in Windows, then go to change Adapter settings, then disable the virtual box host only adapter.
close the window and now you should be able to use internet in ubuntu.


How to I insert a command into a script located on a remote server?

var1="rm \$0" makes var1 take on the value rm $0. Then expect tries to expand the $0 when you run it.

To solve the problem, don't assign var1 the value rm $0. Assign it a value that expect will expand to rm $0:

var1="rm \\\$0"

(Or equivalently: var1='rm \$0')

This makes var1 take on a value of rm \$0 (which is perhaps what you had intended). Then the send "echo '$var1'>>/home/user/config-script\n"; statement will cause the correct command to run on the remote machine:

echo 'rm $0'>>/home/user/config-script

The final result would look like the following:

var1='rm \\\$0'
expect -c 'spawn ssh user@192.168.1.200 ;expect "password" ; send "123456\n"; \
      expect "@"; send "sudo -k\n"; expect "@"; send "sudo su\n"; expect "password" ; \
      send "123456\n" ;expect "@"; send "echo '"$var1"'>>/home/user/config-script\n"; \
      expect "@"; send "exit\n"; send "logout\n"; interact'


in kde How to get an icon that show the currant layout language

Right click on the bottom panel
(it is usually at the bottom unless you have changed) - add widgets - and there choose keyboard layout indicator widget.


How to mount a samba share over an ssh tunnel?

Add port=the port to the mount command:

sudo mount -t cifs -o port=9000,credentials=/root/.credentials,uid=bruni,gid=users,vers=1.0 //localhost/users /home/bruni/mountpoint/


I need libnvidia-gl-450:i386 to be able to run steam, but I can't find it on the ubuntu repository

Hit the same issue (different scenario though, trying to install Blizzard Battle.net), and couldn't find a direct solution.
I've installed my nvidia 450 driver from here: http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64/, and apparently it doesn't contain a variant for i386.
The alternative source of drivers is: https://launchpad.net/~graphics-drivers/+archive/ubuntu/ppa
This one has i386 version of libnvidia-gl package but only for driver version 440 (as of this post written - 4-Jul-2020).
The only solution that worked for me, is completely remove driver and packages related to driver version 450, and install nvidia-driver-440.
Package libnvidia-gl-440:i386 works for the same purpose for me.


Ubuntu 20.04 System doesn't recognize external microphone

To apply change from hdajackrestask, you must stop pulseaudio autospawn and kill it:

mkdir ~/.pulse
echo autospawn=no > ~/.pulse/client.conf
pulseaudio -k
(echo autospawn=yes > ~/.pulse/client.conf    to revert)

Did you tried these 5 models in /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf, instead of "basic" you tried
(hum, reboot after each test is better):

headset-mic
headset-mode
alc269vb-amic
alc269vb-dmic
alc269-dmic


If it is your intention to cache the debs downloaded by apt on the second partition instead of in the primary, then you could do that this way:

# assuming the second partition is mounted at /mnt/second
# move the existing cache over to the second partition
sudo mv /var/cache/apt /mnt/second/apt-cache

# symlink the original name to the new location
sudo ln -s /mnt/second/apt-cache /var/cache/apt


Just for the record, there is a software (actually, a mini-distro) that does exactly the procedure arrange said in enzotib's answer:

Parted Magic

It looks like a direct conversion from NTFS to ext4, but internally the procedures are:

Shrink the NTFS partition
Create an ext4 partition in the empty space
Move data from NTFS to ext4 until ext4 is full
If NTFS is empty (all data was moved), go to step 8
Shrink NTFS
Enlarge ext4
Repeat steps 3 to 6 until done
Delete NTFS partition
Move ext4 partition to NTFS' orignal place
Trim ext4 partition to NTFS' original size

So the more occupied your NTFS partition is, the longer it will take. If it is less than 50%, it will convert in one pass, in a single shrink-copy-enlarge iteration.

Although Parted Magic conveniently automates all of this, it is still essentially the same procedures described by arrange, so it is very risky and very time consuming. Backup-format-restore is much safer and much faster.


USB device not recognizing in ubuntu 14.04 on lenovo Z510

Check the permissions on  /dev/ttyUSB0. I just installed 14.04 on a new m78 and had to change the permissions so I could get to it.
This is the change I made

sudo chmod a+rw /dev/ttyUSB0

Hope it helps


PulseEffects application has a system-wide equalizer that you can control on a per-application basis. The application also provides various sound effects / enhancements, like limiter, compressor, reverberation, equalizer and auto volume effects.

A tweak is needed for PulseEffects to work correctly in Ubuntu, see here.

Oh, here's a screenshot:

Edit: to install PulseEffects follow the setup Flatpak and Flathub using this quick guide. Then visit the PulseEffects FlatHub page and click install. You can also search for PulseEffects in Ubuntu Software (after setting up Flatpak and Flathub like I mentioned).


How do I use doxygen to generate the internal documentation for Unity?

I got this working. I had assumed that the Doxyfile.in file was setup for any system and that all I had to do was run doxygen Doxyfile.in.

In fact, I discovered that doxygen expects to be run as cmake target, but I wasn't looking to do the entire build just yet.

To run doxygen as a stand alone process, I needed to edit the Input section of the Doxyfile.in with the actual path to the source file directory, commenting out the existing path variables that are there for use with the make file.

After that, doxygen Doxyfile.in worked fine.


Stick the command in /etc/rc.local which gets executed after all the other start-up stuff. You could put a "sleep 5" before it too to delay 5 seconds more for example. No need for sudo if rc.local as it is executed as root.


Sometimes it just takes too long for a software to be updated in the repositories, and unless you can wait or give your contribution to the community by packaging it yourself, you're probably going to need to install it manually... the good thing is that it's normally very easy to do. Specially when talking about such a widely used software.

I remember having the very same problem with the TexLive distribution packaged in ubuntu. It was years outdated.

I believe the problem is really the lack of volunteers for the upgrading process.


correct password; but it will not open my account

From the info that you have provided it seems to me that there might be an issue with the display manager, it seems the display manager could not start your session or load the desktop environment.

There might also be an issue with the permission of the /tmp folder (happened in my case).


compare the differences between the contents of two different files

I think this answers your questions if they are similar sheets:

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/28383/tool-to-compare-2-excel-sheets-in-linux

If it doesn't solve, could you please clarify exactly how the data is ordered/organized in those sheets?


What is the ideal way to install VMware and VMWare Tools for Ubuntu 12.10

You can share usb device too. You have to install virtualbox additions and after run this command:

sudo gpasswd -a yourname vboxusers

Change yourname with the name of real Linux User. After that, you must reboot.


I reccomend connecting the device to an ethernet

     sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/kvalo/ath10k-firmware.git
sudo cp -r ath10k-firmware/QCA9377 /lib/firmware/ath10k/
sudo cp /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0/firmware-5.bin_WLAN.TF.1.0-00267-1 /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0/firmware-5.bin

Reboot You do not need Windows drivers and ndiswrapper This has been recently fixed upstream, follow the instructions to install the backported modules and needed firmware

sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-$(uname -r) git
echo "options ath10k_core skip_otp=y" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/ath10k_core.conf
wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/backports/stable/v4.4.2/backports-4.4.2-1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf backports-4.4.2-1.tar.gz
cd backport-4.4.2-1
make defconfig-wifi
make
sudo make install
git clone https://github.com/kvalo/ath10k-firmware.git
sudo cp -r ath10k-firmware/QCA9377 /lib/firmware/ath10k/
sudo cp /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0/firmware-5.bin_WLAN.TF.1.0-00267-1 /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0/firmware-5.bin

And it should work after a reboot It will fail when a new kernel is installed through updates until the kernel is patched to support the wifi. When that happens you will need to

cd backports-4.4.2-1
make clean
make defconfig-wifi
make
sudo make install

And reboot

Source: Qualcomm Atheros Device [168c:0042] (rev 30) Wi-Fi driver installation


Headphones not working on Asus G751JT laptop

I had the same problem with my Dell Latitude E7450.

It's not my favourite solution, but here's what's working for me for now:

Install indicator-sound-switcher:

http://yktoo.com/en/software/indicator-sound-switcher

Then you can at least manually switch.  For some reason, pulseaudio doesn't automatically switch the sink when the headphones are connected.


Can't open, save jpg or png using Glimpse editor (Gimp fork) appimage

It is hard to determine the exact issue here, but from the judge of it it seems like you either don't have permissions of that folder where you want to save the files, you are not specifying a correct file extensions when saving or both.
If you need to enable read,write and execute permissions to the folder where you want to save the files, you can use your terminal to do that. The command you will need is chmod and what value you will need for it is 750 so the command would be chmod -R 750 /nameoffolder which you will run in the parent folder to it.
As for the file extensions while saving issue, just double check you are adding the correct file extensions after the name of the file when you are saving it to the folder. For example .png or .jpg and so on.
Best of luck!


Nautilus sometimes refuses to rename files or folders - terminal works

It's probably due to a bug in ibus:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ibus/+bug/1385292

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nautilus/+bug/1392600

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nautilus/+bug/1416607

Suggested workarounds are to set Keyboard input method system to none in System Settings > Language support > Language tab (permanent fix), to kill the ibus daemon with sudo killall ibus-daemon (session time fix) or to restart nautilus (temporary fix)


Installing newer version of Ubuntu on top of older one

You weren't specific as to if you're talking about installing Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Desktop, or Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Server.  I'll assume Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Desktop.
Most default options use a clean install which includes format, meaning prior data is lost. Erase disk & install is a perfectly example of that, other options will try and keep your user directory (only erasing the system directories) which is the next safest installation after a clean install.
Your asked for option is using "Something else", selecting your used partitions and ensuring you don't format them.  It'll cause the installer ubiquity to

note your installed packages
erase system directories (which include /etc you specifically mention)
install new system
attempt to add back your additional packages (noted earlier IF available in the new release)
no user file in $HOME is touched unless you selected format
ask you to reboot.

As server programs often store config/.conf files in system directories, this is not as useful for Ubuntu Server upgrade via reinstall purposes, as recovery from backups will be required for those files, but all desktop apps store configs in $HOME (user directory) so those are not touched.
Of course backups should still be performed, and not a 2012-October (12.10) release was a long time before 2020-April (20.04) so I'd expect to see a message warning you some packages could not be restored at the conclusion of the install, as you've missed a lot of intended upgrades between which dealt with some of those issues (recent change exampples are in 2019 Python2 reached EOL, Qt4 was dropped noticed in the 18.04->20.04 bump, but you've got other years of changes too in there that I can't recall any longer)


gdm3 login loop, lightdm works in Ubuntu 20.04

I finally fixed the problem! Around the time it started happening, I followed a tutorial for a hotfix for Chrome Remote Desktop. After searching through /var/log/syslog, I found errors with Chrome Remote Desktop. All I had to do, was go into a TTY (Ctrl+Alt+F3), sign in, and run:
sudo apt remove chrome-remote-desktop
sudo reboot

After the reboot, I signed in successfully, and no authentication dialogs have popped up!


The tools are installed to /usr/lib/stardict-tools/. stardict-index and stardict-verify are both there. Since they are located outside of your current PATH setting, the terminal cannot find them to run.

To run them from the terminal, you have several options:

Open a terminal and use the fully qualified name that includes the path:

/usr/lib/stardict-tools/stardict-verify
Browse to the stardict-tools directory and use the ./ prefix:

cd /usr/lib/stardict-tools, then use ./startdict-verify
If you find you use the tools a lot, you can add the directory to the PATH or add aliases, .desktop files, or make your own wrapper scripts, etc. But those things are probably not worth the trouble right now.

stardict-repair, however, is not included in the directory. The Ubuntu package is not the current version, so that could be the reason, or there could be another reason.

For making your own dictionaries, seeStarDict Create Dictionary

For details on the .ifo format, see StarDict Formats

If you must have the repair tool, you would need to compile and install the package from from source.

How to Compile the Package

Download the source code

Open a terminal in ~/Downloads. The download will go to the directory you are in when you run the download command.

Run hg clone https://code.google.com/p/stardict-3/ to download the source code.

Pre-compilation steps

There's a bug in 2 of the files that needs to be fixed. Because of changes to one of the required libraries, each file has a line that needs to be changed before they will compile.

The 2 files are libcommon.h and libcommon.cpp, but you can download the updated files.

The downloads are at http://code.google.com/p/stardict-3/issues/detail?id=31. Scroll down until you see the post with the replacement files attached.

Download each file into ~/Downloads/stardict-3/lib/src, saying yes when asked if you want to replace the existing file.

A standard Ubuntu install will not automatically have tools for compiling installed, plus each app will its own required libraries.

For stardict tools, you need:

sudo apt-get install build-essential automake libtool libmysqlclient-dev libpcre3-dev

Compiling

cd ~/Downloads/stardict-3/

Most packages have a ready-made configure file that you would run at this point. With this package, you need to run a utility to create the configure file.

Make sure you are in the stardict-3 directory (there are multiple autogen files in the structure and you need to run the right one), then:

./autogen.sh

Now run the configure file with the --disable-dict option to compile just the tools.

./configure --disable-dict

Compile the package with make (Note there's no ./ this time)

make is usually followed with make install, but I don't think we want to do that here, since it will copy over the files installed from the Ubuntu repository. Instead, cd tools/src where you will find the binaries you just compiled.

In the terminal, binaries will be the green files and will not have an extension. (Files with the same name ending in .o are intermediate files that are no longer needed, files ending in .cpp are the original source code and can also be ignored.

Copy stardict-repair and any other file that may not have been included before to /usr/lib/stardict-tools. You only need to copy the binary file. Remember the ./ when run you them.

One note: we compiled the newest version. It's possible, though I think really not very likely, that there may be some incompatibility between this version of stardict-repair and the rest of package you have. If so, it should be possible to compile a previous version of the tool.


How to set permissions so job runs from cron

Remove the string root (assuming python exists in the cron defined PATH, otherwise use absolute path e.g. /usr/bin/python):

*/10 * * * * python /path/to/script/script.py
*/10 * * * * /usr/bin/python /path/to/script/script.py

Why:

When you use crontab -e to open a cron table, you are opening the invoking user's crontab, no username field is allowed (unlike  /etc/crontab and /etc/cron.d/*)
As it stands now, you are running the command root (which presumably is not available) with the arguments python and /path/to/script/script.py

Also if you have made the script executable, you should add a shebang indicating the script interpreter (e.g. /usr/bin/python) instead of running the script as an argument to the interpreter. Then you can do:

*/10 * * * * /path/to/script/script.py


As you have a quite new CPU and GPU - there might be some incompatibilities. Use the following method to install the NVIDIA drivers. First of all uninstall the currently installed NVIDIA drivers and bumblebee ... the actual solution to switch between the two graphics adapters is nvidia-prime.

Boot the computer, mark the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and  press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 at the end of the linux line. Press the F10 key to boot Ubuntu.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1.
Enter your user name and the password, then execute :

sudo apt purge nvidia* bumblebee
sudo apt install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge neon1ks/bumblebee
sudo reboot

Now install the latest official NVIDIA drivers 375 (supporting NVIDIA GeForce GTX 960M).

Boot the computer, mark the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and  press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 at the end of the linux line. Press the F10 key to boot Ubuntu.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1.
Enter your user name and the password, then execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nvidia-375 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

Important : Set a space between the last letter in the linux line and nouveau.modeset=0.
Switch between intel and NVIDIA graphics from NVIDIA X Server Settings | PRIME Profiles.


What does the StartupWMClass field of a .desktop file represent?

Modern Linux desktop environments (Gnome 3, Ubuntu Unity, Docky) use the WMClass property to associate windows with the owning application. Many Java-based applications have the problem where the windows created by the application are not associated with the shortcut used to start the application (so the dock contains multiple copies of the same icon).

So the field called StartupWMClass is a string that defines in which class the application is grouped in the Unity Launcher at startup.

You can find out which WM_CLASS your window has got when you type in a terminal:

xprop WM_CLASS

and then click at the window. In case of the gnome terminal the output is as follows:

WM_CLASS(STRING) = "gnome-terminal", "Gnome-terminal"

So all windows with WM_CLASS "gnome-terminal" and "Gnome-terminal" are grouped together.


Why are folders in desktop opening with a wrong file manager?

Mixing the two may be problematic since there isn't a good separation between the mime databases and the X Desktop Group (XDG) standards also complicate things a bit. You can likely fix this specific problem by going into KDE and running the File Associations tool and changing inode/directory to use Nautilus by default, however, this will also obviously cause directories in KDE to open using Nautilus.


You "fix" a failing drive by replacing it with a new one.


How to get lock screen option in Lubuntu?

I just use the keybindings I've always used on ubuntu. Press: Ctrl + Alt + L

Should work


Removing duplicate volume group with missing physical volumes

Wound up zeroing the drive to remove the duplicate volume/lvm groups.

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdf


What are good ePub viewers you have come across? I'd like to take notes and highlight important text paragraphs

Calibre ebook reader from the default Ubuntu repositories does not natively support saving highlighting, only temporary highlighting of a single text snippet to select it for copy/paste. According to the developer of Calibre there are no plans to add this feature to Calibre either. Except for the missing highlighting/annotation feature, Calibre is a versatile ebook library management application that can do almost anything.

There is a project on GitHub called whacked/calibre-viewer-annotation that adds annotation/highlight capability to Calibre. whacked requires sqlalchemy as a dependency which can be installed by:

sudo apt-get install python-pip
sudo pip install sqlalchemy

About the requested no download/installation, I'm sorry to report that whacked does require downloading, and its installation is more complicated than you wished for, so I think it's intended for geeks.


Removed HDD - ubuntu still looks for it at boot


open  file:

gksudo gedit /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-kubuntu.conf

and change line user-session to what session you want to set it as default session (default is kde-plasma.desktop for kubuntu 14.10)

[SeatDefaults]
user-session=kde-plasma.desktop

You can get all installed session on your Kubuntu with the following command:

ls /usr/share/xsessions/

gnome.desktop
kde-plasma.desktop
ubuntu.desktop
xfce.desktop
xubuntu.desktop


If you have backed up all your important data, then just delete all the partitions, and in the Ubuntu installer, choose to use the full disk for the Ubuntu install.


Snippits: error while trying to run ks do

Essentially this error means that the program 'ks' is not installed, and it is not a recognized command.

When I had this issue it was a result of the snippits not being installed due to error.  When executing the line:

sudo gem install snippits

I received this error (which I didn't notice because I was just copy and pasting):

hoe requires RubyGems version >= 1.4

In order to update RubyGems I executed this line:

sudo gem update --system

After updating RubyGems I was able to successfully install snippits:

   sudo gem install snippits

Now the ks command will be recognized.


The sound on many of my games crackles and sounds distorted

I found an answer that worked for me with a similar issue.

Changing default-fragment-size-msec to 5 instead of the default 25 in /etc/pulse/daemon.conf (on Ubuntu 16.04, at least) and restarting the PulseAudio daemon helped fix the issue for my needs. Might be worth a shot if you haven't found another solution yet.


How do I list samba user accounts that need synchronizing?

Try this command in the terminal:

sudo pdbedit -w -L | awk -F: '{print $1}'

For more options refer this link.


Are there any small GUI packages for Ubuntu?

Openbox by itself with tint2 isn't bad for light systems and virtual machines. See Ubuntu community wiki page here for installation instructions.


How to get font information (ttf, otf) on the command line with fontconfig's fc-scan utility for my system language?

To get the font information in the system language, use
    fc-scan --format "%{fullname[$(( $(sed -E 's/^(.*)en.*/\1/;s/[^,]//g' <<<"$(fc-scan --format "%{fullnamelang}\n" /mnt/Fonts/bookosb.ttf)" | wc -c) -1 ))]}\n" /mnt/Fonts/bookosb.ttf


HDMI no longer reported by xrandr (new DELL laptop Intel / AMD Topaz)

After a few random updates, upgrades and reboots, the HDMI started working again. It may have halped that, among Ubuntu reboots, I also booted Windows 10 (dual boot) to check that there's no hardware problem (there wasn't).

The funny thing was that, after getting the screen, Ubuntu started up but neither keyboards nor mice and touchpad would work!!!

So I had to fix that too. I followed this solution to go to GRUB->Secure, enable networking and install missing input packages:
https://askubuntu.com/a/910211/509917


installer put boot to hdd but system to ssd. How to fix

I fixed this using info from Kurankat's link.

I fixed the grub by putting the grub to /dev/sdb

 sudo grub-install /dev/sdb
 sudo update grub

I did this with the system running off its main disk i.e. /dev/sdb. I did not need to use a livecd.

==

I fixed the boot problem with gparted.

Using the 'Manage Flags' menu option I unchecked boot on /dev/sda and checked boot on /dev/sdb1.

I've rebooted a couple of times dealing with other issues and it is working very well.


Change default width of gnome-terminal and terminator windows

Terminator does allow you setting up a default size. :)

Just open the file ~/.config/terminator/config with your favorite editor.
You should have a section titled [layouts]. You only need to add a line within the sub-section named [[[window0]]] belonging to the [[default]] section. My configuration file, for instance, looks like this:

[global_config]
  enabled_plugins = CustomCommandsMenu, InactivityWatch, ActivityWatch, TerminalShot, LaunchpadCodeURLHandler, LaunchpadBugURLHandler
[keybindings]
[profiles]
  [[default]]
    scrollbar_position = hidden
    visible_bell = True
    scrollback_lines = 1000000
    foreground_color = "#ffffff"
    copy_on_selection = True
    background_color = "#300a24"
[layouts]
  [[default]]
    [[[child1]]]
      type = Terminal
      parent = window0
      profile = default
    [[[window0]]]
      type = Window
      parent = ""
      profile = None
      size = 900, 600
[plugins]

The relevant part is only the line starting with "size", of course.


Not able to launch Ubuntu after upgrade with 12.04 in VirtualBox

Three issues here:

10.04 desktop reached EOL, upgrades to 12.04 will then only work for the server edition.

http://meta.askubuntu.com/questions/6645/eol-notice-hardy-oneiric-lucid-desktop-are-now-end-of-life?cb=1
How to install software or upgrade from an old unsupported release?

You may have to upgrade Virtual Box to a more recent version to fully support newer kernel and Xorg.

How do I install the VirtualBox version from Oracle to install an Extension Pack?

your upgrade is incomplete because it was interrupted.

Lost power during upgrade, how do I recover?
Resuming an upgrade to 12.04 which got stuck on reconfiguring dropbox


VirtualBox isn't the best solution, since it requires 2 operating systems to run simultaneously, along with a game. Plus, you will often experience problems with the mouse not working properly.

There is a better solution. There's a program called PlayOnLinux, which is a frontend for Wine.
Here's the download link: PlayOnLinux Download
If you download it here, you will be able to get the latest version, which you don't get via the Software Center.

After that, you can install Steam via PlayOnLinux, and you will be able to install your Steam games through that, as long as you make sure it is the right Wine version.

You can check which Wine versions you have to use for your games, here: Wine version

You can also browse games to install from PlayOnLinux, and you will be able to use the Steam version in some of them (I believe that Skyrim is one of those games, but I'm not sure). It's easier, because it finds the right Wine version for you, but of course, the PlayOnLinux doesn't feature all games, and you will have to find some of them yourself, and install them manually.

I did this, and most of my games work.
Also, on the WineHQ site, you will be able to see how the games work via Wine, if there is large amount of bugs, or anything like that.


How can I download a .exe file from a given URL?

This link will be redirected to exe file. You can download it as usual:

wget https://download.microsoft.com/download/E/E/D/EEDF18A8-4AED-4CE0-BEBE-70A83094FC5A/BuildTools_Full.exe

Or simply open link from your question with your web-browser.


Ubuntu 16.04 installation failed "did not match source copy"

As the error message states (emphasis mine):

Installation failed
The following file did not match its source copy on the CD/DVD:
/target/usr/bin/snapctl
This is often due to a faulty CD/DVD disk or drive, or a faulty hard disk. It may help to clean the CD/DVD, to burn the CD/DVD at a lower speed, to clean the CD/DVD drive lens, to check whether the hard disk is old and in need of a replacement, or to move the system to a cooler environment.

The first thing you should check is that the ISO you used to burn the CD/USB with is not corrupt. Look at How can I check the integrity of a downloaded Ubuntu CD.
If that is fine, then remake the CD/USB. The burn/image may not have completed successfully.
If that is not the problem and you are using a CD, then the high likely hood is that the CD is scratched or dirty. Examine the CD. If there is dust on it, wipe it off with a cloth. If there are scratches, use a different CD.
If you have tried everything above and you are using a USB, then the USB is probably broken. You may like to try to repair it if it is a costly USB, but that is out of the scope of this question. Reimage the ISO onto a different USB.


Trying to fix broken dependencies (Libre Office)

I have answered this myself after doing some research and learning some new tricks.  I am going to provide the answer in case someone runs into an issue related to these broken dependencies. I used synaptic package manager to remove broken packages. Here is how I did that

First I Downloaded Synaptic Package Manager Synaptic Package Manager

I then moved the downloaded .deb file to my home folder ( for easy terminal access) then proceeded to open terminal

CTRL + ALT + T

I had to install the package via dpkg because apt-get was not working due to broken dependencies

sudo dpkg -i synaptic_0.81.1_amd64.deb

once this was complete I opened up synaptic running the following in terminal

sudo synaptic

Within the Synaptic Package Manager

click on the Status Tab

and then click on Broken and select the packages that are broken.
 and Mark for Complete Removal and continue to apply the changes.

I also made sure everything was completely removed by using the following in terminal

sudo apt-get autoremove

and double checking the packages in synaptic package manager

there was no left over libre office packages  so I continued to install Libre Office through Ubuntu Software Center


MySQL workbench freezes during long query editing forever

Not an answer, but it can help you debug if it's a memory problem

1.- Open mysql-workbench from a terminal window with mysql-workbench --log-level=debug3 -v

2.- Open a second terminal and run this command to monitor the memory and set a baseline, it will autoupdate every 2 seconds (in GB)

while true; do ps aux | grep 'mysql-workbench-bin' | grep -v -E 'grep|catchsegv' |  awk '{$5=int(100 * $5/1024/1024)/100"GB";}{ print;}' | awk '{print $5" "$11}'; sleep 2; done

It will output something like this
0.93GB /usr/lib/mysql-workbench/mysql-workbench-bin every 2 seconds.

3.- Open the query in mysql-workbench and monitor the increase of memory (if any).
Also check the output of the terminal running mysql-workbench.

4.- Open a 3rd terminal and run htop, that will give you an overview of the general usage (cpu/memory/swap) of your system.


Problem Installing windows over ubuntu -- grub install error

I have reasons to believe that your Ubuntu installation is in UEFI mode. Are you sure you want to make a MBR bootable USB drive of Windows and install Windows in non-UEFI mode?
Anyway, for your situation, the answer is right on the page with the tutorial:

'modinfo.sh' doesn't exist
grub-install: error: /usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh doesn't exist. Please specify --target or --directory.
Install the grub-pc-bin package with sudo apt-get install grub-pc-bin and run the grub-install command again.

But if you want to make an UEFI bootable USB just copy Windows files from mounted image to a FAT32 formatted USB drive.


Xubuntu 14.04 fails to resume from hibernation

This might be a kernel bug. I have this problem with kernel 3.19 and Ubuntu mainline kernel v4.2.3. Downgrading to 3.16 apparently solves the problem.


Can't install ubuntu 16.04 alongside windows 10

hey there let me help you by looking at your screen shots it means that:

you have 4 partitions 2 with ntfs in which one has windows 10 boot loader
now go ahead with the second screenshot select /dev/sda4 and install (/) of ubuntu on it and in the below you will have

Device for boot loader installation:
then select /dev/sda

thats it you are done.
next time you boot you will get a menu to dual boot.


Can I boot the latest Ubuntu with a USB just like the hard disk drive?

Yes, you can. Here you will find comprehensive instructions on how to do it:

How to install Ubuntu on an USB stick

But the performance will not be the same as if you install it on a HDD or SSD.


Is it possible to restart only the dash and panel with launchers without restarting unity?

I don't think this is possible.

However, if you made a script use libunity you can have a real dynamic quicklist instead of generating a new static one on demand. Check out the Opera one for an example.


No upgrade option from 14.04 to 15.04 in software center

14.04 is an LTS version. By default it will only upgrade releases every two years when the next LTS comes out. In Ubuntu Software Center go to Edit...Software Sources... click the Updates tab, then change the drop down "Notify me of a new Ubuntu Version" from

For long-term support versions

to

For any new version


What tablets might Ubuntu 12.04 and Unity work on?

You are very unlikely to find a "cheap" tablet to run unity, this is due to graphics I would think.

While modern tabs are quad core the processor lacks high frequency, to clarify my PC has a clock speed of 3.0gz per core but even an expensive tab will likely only have 1gz this means they can multi task but are not great a intensive prossesing and the graphics chips are just rubbish, my pc has 512 dedicated mb for graphics, laptops will be less (look up intel integrated graphics) and tabs would be lucky to have half what thew laptop has.

The result of this is that the CPU must help the GPU slowing down graphic rendering and taking resources from the OS.

I think you could easily get Ubuntu on to one but not with Unity or KDE, you would need X or L Ubuntu.

Alternatively check out Fuduntu it uses the old Gnome 2 desktop which is fast and customizable but designed for less powerful (older) PC.

Another option is Bhodi linux with the Enlightenment desktop (E17) which has a special set up for touch devices and is still Ubuntu underneath.

EDIT : You will be able to get one next year though Ubuntu 13.04 will (apparently) get a mobile version read THIS and THIS


Skype and VLC icons disappear from the menu bar

Type Ctrl-Alt-T and a terminal will open. This is where you can type commands.

So you can type skype or vlc the nice trick is to type only a few letters and press the tab key, this will display all the commands that start with those letters.

There is a quick start for you ;)

PS: Type nohup skype and the terminal window will allow you to type more commands, but this is a temporary solution, you need to get a tutorial on adding menus


How did my printer install itself into Ubuntu 18.04?

Linux was the pioneer of the driverless install.  Instead of having to run some proprietary code to run your devices, volunteers and manufacturers made the code (and frequently the technical documentation) available publicly.  This allowed the developers to include (and make more efficient code for) all the possible devices you might want to plug into your machine.  No need to dig around  the internet (or your disk drawer) for (frequently outdated) drivers!

Ubuntu also comes with the Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) preinstalled.  CUPS sits in the background looking for printer-specific hardware changes.  If your printer was plugged in via USB, then CUPS would automatically set it up for you to use.  If your printer is network-enabled, then CUPS will actively seek it out at regular intervals.

While it isn't always prefect (and there's lots of work always going on in the background), it's one of those things that put Linux well ahead of the curve.  Even Windows now does it this way, albeit with an internet-required driver library instead of an efficient all-encompassing codebase.


18.04.3 LTS installation media do not detect network controllers on a 10th-generation NUC

tl;dr: When installing on a recently-released machine, if the network controllers are not detected by the installation media, use an old USB-to-Ethernet adaptor instead.

I was trying to install 18.04.3 LTS on a NUC10i7FNK earlier, but the kernel on the installation media was presumably too old to recognize either the ethernet or the wifi controller.

Instead, I got out a USB-to-Ethernet dongle (all I had was an Apple USB2-to-100BaseT dongle, and it worked, I assume others would as well). The machine was able to connect to the network and pull updates while installing.

I rebooted, ran apt update; apt upgrade, rebooted, and both the wired and wireless controllers were recognized! (They may have already been recognized before the update, but I am not reinstalling just to check that :) )

Obviously this is not NUC-specific, it could have happened on any sufficiently new machine.

I hope this saves someone some heartache!


How to set partition mounted for /boot with grub installed as boot partition in windows 8.1?

As mentioned by @oldfred in the comments, making a backup of original windows bootx64.efi and copying grubx64.efi should do the trick.

An even better solution for me was running ubuntu boot repair, recommended repair. It made a dir /boot/efi/EFI/Windows/Boot/ with grub already named as bootx64.efi. Using that, when booting from OS selector, grub loads successfully.

EDIT: If boot repair page returns internal server error, this is how boot repair can be installed:

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Boot repair window should show up after install.


Yesterday I created a shortcut folder on desktop called "MyLog", and today I tried to backup Linux again by using Deja-dup. The backup was successful, but once I recovered it using the backup few seconds ago, the problem showed up again. But I realize that the "MyLog" folder on the desktop was having the same problem, but the actual MyLog didn't have the same issue. So the result shows that the deja-dup just cannot determine what the type of your file/folder is.


How can I run a command when a usb device is (dis-) connected?

Action on (dis) connecting usb device

The tiny script below will suspend the computer on the event of disconnecting a (any) usb volume.

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import gi
from gi.repository import GLib, Gio
import subprocess

class WatchOut:

    def __init__(self):
        someloop = GLib.MainLoop()
        self.setup_watching()
        someloop.run()

    def setup_watching(self):
        self.watchdrives = Gio.VolumeMonitor.get()
        # event to watch (see further below, "Other options")
        self.watchdrives.connect("volume_removed", self.actonchange)

    def actonchange(self, *args):
        # command to run (see further below, "Other options")
        subprocess.Popen(["systemctl", "suspend"])

WatchOut()

To use:

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as watchout.py
Run it in the background:

python3 /path/to/watchout.py

If all works as expected, run it from startup

Other options

In this script, obviously the signal on "volume_removed" is used. Other possible events:

"volume_added", "volume_removed", "mount_added", "mount_removed"

To make it perform other commands on event, replace the command in the line:

subprocess.Popen(["systemctl", "suspend"])

(command and args are set as a list, like ["systemctl", "suspend"])

EDIT - Only act on specifically named volumes

As mentioned in a comment, you'd prefer to only run a command on specifically named volumes. If you run the example below with one or more volumenames as arguments, action will be limited to only those volumes:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import gi
from gi.repository import GLib, Gio
import subprocess
import sys

args = sys.argv[1:]

class WatchOut:

    def __init__(self):
        someloop = GLib.MainLoop()
        self.setup_watching()
        someloop.run()

    def setup_watching(self):
        self.watchdrives = Gio.VolumeMonitor.get()
        # event to watch (see further below, "Other options")
        self.watchdrives.connect("volume_removed", self.actonchange)

    def actonchange(self, event, volume):
        if volume.get_name() in args:
            # command to run (see further below, "Other options")
            subprocess.Popen(["systemctl", "suspend"])

WatchOut()

Usage

Is pretty much the same as the first one, just add the volumenames as arguments, e.g.

python3 /path/to/watchout.py <volumename_1> <volumename_2>


In terminal type sudo reboot or  sudo halt to halt your system

For shutting down instantly,

sudo shutdown -P now
     or
sudo poweroff
     or
sudo su && init 0

Also See this thread


You have to move the 11 GB unallocated space which was on the top to below or above the /dev/sda6 ext4 partition.For this follow the below steps,
First you have to boot from gparted live disk or Ubuntu live disk.And make sure that all the partitions are unmounted.
Rightclick on the /dev/sda2 partition and select Resize/Move option.Move the dragger to extreme left and then click on Apply,so that the unallocated space comes just below to the /dev/sda2 partition.
Do the above step again on /dev/sda3 partition to get the unallocated space just below to the /dev/sda3 partition.Now your unallocated space will be just below to the /dev/sda3 partition.
Now right-click on the /dev/sda4 extended partition and select Resize/Move option.Click and expand the left arrow to get the unallocated space into the extended  partition.
Now your 11 GB comes inside extended partition(just below to the /dev/sda9 partition.
Right-click on the /dev/sda9 partition and select Resize/Move.Click and move the dragger to the extreme right,so that the unallocated space comes just above to the /dev/sda9 partition.
Do the same above step on /dev/sda8 and /dev/sda7.After that,11 GB unallocated space will comes under /dev/sda6 root partition.
Now you can be able to resize your Ubuntu /dev/sda6 partition.

And make sure that you had backed up all the important datas before proceeding with gparted.

Also see this answer for any clarifications.


Root password not recognized when attempting to install third party software on Ubuntu 13.04W

Ubuntu uses sudo and by default the root account is locked.

See: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo


Software Update: This requires installing packages from unauthenticated sources

You could run:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


How can I enable wake-on-lan permanently?

A boot script run after the network cards are configured should do the trick. Ubuntu uses upstart. After reading about upstart jobs, ethtool, writing an upstart script, and searching the interwebs for a better solution, I came up with this from jevinskie (you'll want to put this in a file in /etc/init):

start on started network

script
    for interface in $(cut -d: -f1 /proc/net/dev | tail -n +3); do
        logger -t 'wakeonlan init script' enabling wake on lan for $interface
        ethtool -s $interface wol g
    done
end script

Starts when the nics are initialised
Grabs the nic names from /proc/net/dev
Logs actions to syslog
Acts on all nics found
Requires ethtool, so make sure it's installed first:

sudo apt-get install ethtool

If you want to imbue just one nic with the power of awakening, something like this is more appropriate:

start on started network

script
    interface=eth0
    logger -t 'wakeonlan init script' enabling wake on lan for $interface
    ethtool -s $interface wol g
end script


To repair the windows bootloader and to make grub2 as default bootloader try the below steps,

Boot windows installation disk then select the "windows repair" or "repair your computer" option before you go into the installation process.
After selecting windows repair option,it will take you to the next screen.In that screen select the "command prompt" option
Then run the below commands,on it.

bootrec /fixmbr
bootrec /fixboot
bootrec /rebuildbcd

This will repair your windows bootloader.
Atlast boot boot-repair-disk and click on the recommended repair option.Now it works.


Home directory displays hidden files too

Try this,
Right click any file or directory, select "copy to". With the new window, that has appeared, is open use CTRL+H or right click the text area on right side of the it and select "hide".

Close filebrowser, reopen it and view home folder and see if hidden files are still visible.


Can I install the previous version of Codeblocks "Codeblocks 17.12" on Ubuntu 20.04 lts?

At first you have to download the file that you want to install. As you says the version 17.12 is in tar.xz package.
So you have to extract it by using this command
tar xvf /filename/ . After extracting install all .deb file using sudo dpkg -i *.deb.
Happy Coding.


I'm pretty sure you first need to format the partition which you are trying to install on. Presumably Slackware is saying that it is taking up all of its partition.

If you go into windows you should be able to format the Slackware partition from there. Once you have done this re-run the ubuntu installer, then select 'Free Space' and specify how much space you want ubuntu to take up on that partition.

After this just follow the ubuntu installer wizard


You need to give full path to hello_time.py.

Try

* * * * * /usr/bin/python /path/to/hello_time.py

Replace /path/to with actual path for hello_time.py. This you can get by running pwd from the directory it's located in.


Ubuntu 18.04 -> 20.04 alt-tab gets slow / laggy after a while

I just had the same issue after migrating from 18.04 to 20.04, but I am using lightdm.
Downgrading the nvidia-driver to 390 and restarting my machine solved the issue.
You can follow this link on how to update your drivers, but instead of the newest, choose an older one.
I only tried 390 so far, but a newer version might work as well.


Where did "Show_Advanced_Permissions" gconf-editor setting go?

Run this command in a terminal:

gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.extensions.preferences show-advanced-permissions true

Or use dconf-editor :

org > gnome > nautilus > extensions > preferences > show-advanced-permissions


How to install a different version of python-dev?

Try installing python2.6 and python2.6-dev.


There are many opinions and tests of programs in Wine on the WineHQ AppDB. According to the AppDB, all three versions tested are "garbage", which means that they barely work or not at all. Please refer to thetest results linked at http://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=application&iId=9119 for more details.


Remove one of the 2 Ubuntu 12.04 installed

Try this one:

1.Boot to the "working" Ubuntu 12.04

2.Format the "broken" Ubuntu 12.04

3.Run this command:

sudo update-grub

4.Type password if prompt, its okay that you could not see what you are typing

5.Press Enter then Reboot or Restart the computer


Sound for me, but not for the 2nd Ubuntu account, why?

Did you go into System Settings > Sound and compare the audio profiles between your account and her account?

Here's mine for example:

If her settings are different and you cannot make them like your own update your question with the information.

If you set her settings on this screen the same as yours and she still has no sound, then it might be access rights / permissions to files as I presume you created the setup and her account was added second. This is beyond my pay grade but lots of smart people around here can hopefully solve that problem.


How do I make usb sticks not ever use any write cache?

Mount them with the flush option.  This is done by default in Ubuntu.


Update NVIDIA driver (two cards) on Ubuntu 20.04

You already have the most recent version of the proprietary NVIDIA driver that each graphics card supports.
The misunderstanding is that NVIDIA driver versions support all current and previous cards.
The reason that you cannot update the GF119 (NVS 310) any further is because you are already using the nvidia-driver-390 driver, which is the most recent driver version for that particular graphics card.
You can verify the most recent driver version available using NVIDIA's driver download page.
If you use the drop down menus to select the NVS Series 310 using Linux (64-bit) you will see that there are two release channels: "Linux Long Lived" and "Linux Short Lived".  Both of these channels offer the nvidia-driver-390 as the most recent, which is the version you already have installed.
If you do the same search for your Titan Xp, you will notice that the "Long Lived" driver is 450.66 and the "Short Lived" driver is 435.21.  You have nvidia-driver-450 installed, so you also have the most recent driver version for your Titan Xp.
It's possible that NVIDIA is no longer supporting the NVS 310 when releasing newer driver versions.


can't update ubuntu 14.04 using apt-get update

Try this:

sudo rm -r /etc/apt/sources.list.d/enpass.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install curl
curl -s http://repo.sinew.in/keys/enpass-linux.key | sudo apt-key add
echo "deb http://repo.sinew.in/ stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/enpass.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install enpass


How to know which package installs a given command?

If you're looking for a file:
$ sudo apt install apt-file
$ sudo apt-file update
$ apt-file search llvm-objdump

That searches the contents of the package archive, so works for all packages whether they are installed or not.
If you know the package is already installed:
$ dpkg -S  llvm-objdump


How can I dual boot Ubunutu alongside a corrupted Windows 7

One of the Ubuntu install features is to dual boot.  If you already have a partition you can use the option of something else

You would also have the option (which you are probably already using) to Try Ubuntu.  With this option you can use the gui partition manager, gparted to allocate space by resizing your partition.

From the live boot disk (again, what you appear to be using) you can back up your windows Files.  You can actually purchase a 60 or 120 gig USB stick for under $50.00 for your backup media.  There are also many other backup media options, such as USB drives.

Of course you already said you didn't want to change anything on your Windows, so that might be out of the question.

Resizing your partition and making space for a new Linux partition wouldn't change the data, it would just change the size of the windows partition.

You could also install a secondary drive and install Ubuntu on that drive.

As far as installing along size Windows, that's just as easy.  Run the install program and choose that option.  It'll give you a graphic slider and automatically make the partition size adjustment according to your specification.  It's relatively seamless.

The latter, by the way, also makes some changes to your computer.  If you don't have any other partition space available,  you will inadvertently be making the windows partition smaller.

Finally, when installing Ubuntu you will be installing a different boot manager.  You can boot into Windows with the Linux (grub) boot manager.  But you can't boot into Linux with the Windows Boot manager.

By the way, you could consider a full install of Ubuntu on an external drive.


How can I install libpcap header files on Ubuntu 12.04?

Use this:

sudo apt-get install libpcap-dev


Problem With ë character in Ubuntu 13.04

Which ë are you exactly trying to type? There is such in the Cyrillic script used by the Russians, there is one in Albanian and a couple of other languages including Dutch, French etc. (think it's more of a dialect-thing there). Please provide information about your language and keyboard layout. Also make sure that the selected layout actually supports this kind of character. Call the layout chart by either typing "keyboard layout" in Unity Dash (go in the "Layouts" section; below the list of layouts you have there is a small keyboard-icon that calls the chart window of the currently selected layout in the list) or (much faster) right-clicking in the layout/language indicator in the indicator area (by default - top of the screen) and choosing "Show Layout Chart".


Is there any way to turn off a USB HDD manually?

Try this:

udisksctl unmount -b /dev/sdXY
udisksctl power-off -b /dev/sdX

on Linux Mint or Ubuntu


Go to the terminal and type :

sudo apt-get purge pentaho

If you want to create a script to do this for you, simply create a file named deletePentaho.sh or whatever and write in it:

#!/bin/bash
apt-get purge pentaho

Then run :

chmod +x deletePentaho.sh

to make it executable, and you should be able to run your script:

sudo ./deletePentaho.sh


file-roller seems to open rpm files. Alternatively you can use the command:

$ sudo apt-get install rpm2cpio
$ rpm2cpio /path/to/file.rpm | cpio -i --make-directories

that will extract the rpm content to the current directory.


How can I temporarily filter-out certain notification-bubbles coming from specific sources?

... but it looks like a lot of work ...

It's not really too bad, at least for a crude generic solution.

Here is a copy of the details from my answer to last year's (sept 2012) post in

How to disable notification from network-manager.

dbus-monitor "interface='org.freedesktop.Notifications'"                \
| grep --line-buffered  'string "NetworkManager"'                       \
| sed -u -e  's/.*/killall notify-osd/g'                                \
| bash

Replace string "NetworkManager" with the desired RE to determine blocking.

To get an idea of what RE pattern match to look for run:
dbus-monitor "interface='org.freedesktop.Notifications'"
and look at the output while the notifications are popping-up.

ie. to remove notify-send messages also, use this grep line instead:

| grep --line-buffered  'string "NetworkManager"\|string "notify-send"'  \

Caveat:
killall notify-osd is non-discriminating and completely wipes the notification stack of any pending messages irregardless of whether NetworkManager or notify-send is the notifying agent.

An "honest" solution needs to account for possible race conditions when between determining a notification purge is needed and then doing doing it, another notification comes in that should pop-up and not be purged with the rest.

Also, if notifications are pending when the offending one to be blocked comes in, they will all be purged. This situation can at least be solved by making a copy of the dbus pending notifications and then reissue the desired ones with notify-send after the purge.

This is a bit of manually labour intensive work!

Ideally, the direct dbus use of

method void org.freedesktop.Notifications.CloseNotification(uint id)     [1]

to specifically target just the desired notifications, is unfortunately not obvious ...
however ...

Another answer
Can org.freedesktop.Notifications.CloseNotification(uint id) be triggered and invoked via DBus?
shows how to use [1], at least with notify-send, but unfortunately not for arbitrary notifying aps. though some aps. have custom interfaces to control pop-up notifications.

cross refs.:

How to disable notification from network-manager
Is it possible to block NotifyOSD for one application?
filter messages to "notification area" applet
How can I customize/disable notification bubbles?


How can I install Java libraries such as the jMonkey Engine system-wide?

You can put them in the extension directory of your Java SDK. Since it will be loaded by the default classloader.

Basically you do the following steps:

Copy all jars to a temporary folder, then

sudo cp *jar /usr/lib/jvm/default-java/jre/lib/ext
Copy all shared objects (*.so) of your computer architecture to a temporary folder,
then:

sudo cp *so /usr/lib/jvm/default-java/jre/lib/i386

or (if you are on amd64):

sudo cp *so /usr/lib/jvm/default-java/jre/lib/amd64


There is an unofficial driver for Logitech mice and keyboards which works for me with Ubuntu 18.04 and the MX Master 2S. It enabled me to use my thumb button with gestures, smartshift scrolling with an individual threshold and individual dpi settings. See here on how to install the driver.

The Flow feature is not yet implemented but there seems to exist an alternative for Windows/Linux/Mac called barrier.


Where are the customization options for GNOME 3?

A major reason why Unity and GNOME Shell (which is what I assume you meant by GNOME 3.x) are seemingly not as customizable at the moment is that they are still relatively new software fresh out of development, and developers are still ironing out bugs first before implementing more controls.

That being said, both Unity and GNOME Shell already have a lot of configuration options available. See How can I configure Unity? for information on how you can go about customizing Unity, and extensions.gnome.org for a list of GNOME Shell extensions you can install straight from your web browser to change the functionality and appearance of GNOME Shell. Additionally, GTK+ 3 themes and other aspects of the interface can now be managed using the GNOME Tweak Tool utility (see How do I get and install more themes, icons, and pointers?).

If there is some specific functionality or option you are looking for, please let us know in an edit to your question so we can better address it.


Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS - Bluetooth Speaker Sound Stuttering When Unused For While

From the comments...

we verified that the BT speaker was within physical range
we tried checking for bluetooth-coexistance settings
we turn off wi-fi and used ethernet lan
we tried 19.04

Recommend trying an external USB BT adapter. This one https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/B007Q45EF4 is only $12, and it works fine on my sister's computer.


What is the proper procedure to update an intermediate service on Ubuntu?

In systemd, the systemctl restart operation has a special behavior as compared to a pair of stop+start:

systemctl restart a — stop b, stop a, start a, start b (i. e. restarts dependent units, all in correct order)
systemctl stop a && systemctl start a — stop b, stop a, start a (i. e. does not remember about the dependent units)

Note that this only happens when b.service has Requires=a.service. Wants=, After= and Before= do not enable this special behavior (but After=a.service is most likely needed as well to order stops and starts against each other).

So, to make this work, you probably need to run nothing from A's prerm script and systemctl restart from A's postrm script if their first argument is upgrade, and normal systemctl stop + systemctl start otherwise. (Note: I may be wrong here — not a Debian user/maintainer),


Where do I find a terminal lens for Unity?

There is currently nothing that does exactly what it pictured above since, at the moment, a lens cannot define a content area like the one pictured in order to display (and update) the output of a command.

It is possible to press ALT+F2 and run commands from the overlay which appears.  However, it is not possible to observe terminal output from commands run from this overlay.

Another option is to use CTRL+ALT+T as a shortcut to open a terminal window.


Will Ubuntu 13.10 work on a Toshiba NB305 NB-305 Netbook?

Yes it will. Working fine here. Booting time with 6 minutes is not ideal. But hey, that's why you bought a netbook in the first place, right?


A lot of people have the same problem.

You will need to delete the compiz and compiz-1 directories in your home .config directory and re-boot.  The files will be re-created when you log on.

If you can't get a terminal session on your upgraded system, boot a live CD with Ubuntu and delete the compiz directories on your hard disk; then remove the CD and boot from the hard disk.