Cannot boot into the notebook (could not open efi boot fallback.efi 14)

First, the message Could not open EFI boot fallback.efi is produced by Shim, which is a Linux tool for handling Secure Boot. Shim tries to launch a series of follow-on programs, one of which is called fallback.efi. Ideally, Shim will launch GRUB, which is the default boot loader for Ubuntu. Either that's not happening for some reason or GRUB is being launched after Shim complains about the absence of fallback.efi and then GRUB is crashing. I'd need to dig through the Shim source code to verify the exact path it takes to figure out which is the more likely explanation.

One critical point is that Shim (and anything with a .efi filename extension) is an EFI program. Thus, this message indicates that your system was booting in EFI mode. If you're right about Windows being installed in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, you do NOT want to install Ubuntu in EFI mode. Thus, you may want to investigate ways to force the system to boot in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. OTOH, if the computer came installed with Windows 10 (or even with Windows 8.x, which you then upgraded to Windows 10), it's almost certainly booting in EFI mode, not in BIOS mode. You haven't specified the history of the computer, or even its make and model, so it's hard for me to judge this. Because ascertaining the current boot mode is so critical, I strongly recommend that you review this point. In Windows, boot mode is pretty tightly tied to partition table type. If it's booting in BIOS mode, the partition table type will be MBR (aka MS-DOS or various other things). If it's booting in EFI mode, the partition table type will be GPT. See here for more information.

If your Windows really is in BIOS mode, you need to boot the Ubuntu installer in the same mode. There are a couple of ways you can force this issue, although both have problems:

You can remove the EFI boot loaders from your boot medium. The boot loaders appear in the EFI/BOOT directory on the boot medium. Depending on how you prepared your USB flash drive, you can rename (or delete) that directory tree to ensure that the disk will be unbootable in EFI mode. With any luck, your computer will then drop back to BIOS-mode booting. This approach is obviously easier with a USB flash drive than with an optical disc, since the latter would require re-mastering to modify, and that's a tricky process for an Ubuntu installation disc.
You can select the correct boot mode in your firmware's boot manager. Chances are you used the boot manager to select the boot medium. If not, it's usually access by hitting Esc, Enter, or a function key (usually between F8 and F12) soon after powering on the computer. Most UEFI implementations present two boot options for external media, one of which includes the string "UEFI" and the other of which doesn't. Select the option that lacks the "UEFI" string to boot in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode.

Both of these approaches are based on the premise that the boot medium is bootable in BIOS mode. This is not guaranteed. Depending on how you prepared the disk, it's entirely possible that it will be missing the BIOS-mode boot loader. If that's the case, you'll need to create the disk from the downloaded .iso file again, but use a different program, or at least different options in the program, to get it to boot.

Going back to the earlier point about your Windows installation: If in fact you've got an EFI-mode Windows installation, things change. It could be that your disk was improperly prepared and is missing some critical EFI-mode boot files, in which case you might need to re-create the disk. Another possibility is that you're running into a Secure Boot problem, and disabling this firmware feature would help.


How to navigate the terminal with the cursor keys

I have discovered that Altleft and Altright will jump between words in the terminal. These key combinations don't work in vi, but it's a start!


How can I boot into Windows from GRUB rescue without a CD drive?

Solution 1:
Go to the edit mode and

root (hd2,0)
chainloader (hd2,0)+1

Change to the appropriate HDD

Solution 2:
Boot into linux and

sudo grub-install

This should scan and set an entry for each detected OS. Neither will work if you have deleted ntldr


Just enable Smooth scrolling at about:flags in Chrome and use this plugin in Firefox — https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/yet-another-smooth-scrolling/.


You should create a .deb package and you could also upload your application to a PPA. Use one of the packaging guides to help you - the QT one should be particularly useful. Also, see this tutorial on Ubuntu Forums.

It would be a good idea to create a Launchpad account so that you can create a PPA and also a project page where you can upload your .deb file and source code archive. If you use bzr for version control (which I recommend), you can use Launchpad to manage your code. Launchpad has many other features such as bug management. See: How to start a new project and host it at launchpad.net?.

As for your specific points:

setting desktop icons

Don't. It is bad practice for applications to automatically create icons on the user's desktop. You should, however, create a menu entry for your application so that users can run it from the Applications menu and optionally create a desktop shortcut for it. To do this, you need to write a .desktop file and in your debian/rules file under the binary-indep section, copy it to /usr/share/applications (in debian/tmp).

automatically requesting for administrator privileges to execute

I hope you mean for the setup file - a chat app has no reason to run as administrator. The .deb file will do this for you - it will open in Ubuntu Software Centre, which will require a password.

inserting an entry into the startup menu

I don't know what this means. What is the startup menu? If you mean the Applications menu, see 'setting desktop icons'.

automatically compress my application and reduce download size

This is done automatically when you create the .deb package - .deb packages are compressed.

automatic startup for my application without user intervention

I don't know if this is possible but you shouldn't do it anyway. It should be up to the user which applications they want to autostart. This is set through the Startup Applications preferences window.

Once you have managed to create a .deb package and uploaded to a PPA, you should consider trying to get your application into the official Ubuntu repositories. Be prepared for a steep learning curve - debian packaging is hard to understand at first, but if you persevere, you will get it eventually.


Are all apt-get packages available on 64 bit ubuntu version available on the ARM version?

In the vast majority of cases any package would be available on ARM.

One of the requirements for a package to be accepted into a Debian release is that it has to compile on all of the Debian architectures, not just x86/x64.  This includes ARM.

So, this will pretty much guarantee that the vast majority of Ubuntu's packages will at least be able to be compiled on ARM.

That said, Ubuntu is not Debian and may have a slightly less strict policy regarding inclusion of package that fail to build on ARM.  While most of their code is inherited from Debian, an increasing amount of it is Ubuntu-specific.

Ubuntu devs do keep track of build failures per architecture, and this includes ARMHF and ARM64.

They also treat failure to build on ARM as a bug.


Ubuntu 11.10 uses Nautilus 3, so you need to install the rabbitvcs-nautilus3 package, not rabbitvcs-nautilus.


Can I install the 12.04 distribution in a docker container hosted by a 16.04 distribution

There is no need to install the image from scratch, I found this answer where you can make docker to download the desired version and I adapted to my needs:

sudo docker run ubuntu:12.04 cat /etc/issue

returns this:

Unable to find image 'ubuntu:12.04' locally
12.04: Pulling from library/ubuntu
Downloading
...
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:12.04
Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS \n \l

or alternatively you can use:

sudo docker pull ubuntu:12.04

and then run that image with

sudo docker run -i -t ubuntu:12.04 /bin/bash

to make sure in the prompt try to see the version:

cat /etc/issue

PS. Dont forget to commit the changes, before exiting, otherwise are lost.
First get the container id using this command:

sudo docker ps -l

Commit changes to the container:

sudo docker commit <container_id> repo/img1

Then run the container:

sudo docker run -i -t repo/img1 /bin/bash


Ubuntu 14.04 : libc6, libc6-dev was "updated", and can no longer be used to build old ns2. Ubuntu 12.04.5 can be used for the most versions. But not for certain patches / changes containing old code.

The usually recommended OS for ns2 is CentOS 6.8 - i386 http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/mirrors/centos.org/6.8/isos/i386/CentOS-6.8-i386-LiveCD.iso ... except for the ~4 patches requiring a 64bits OS.

ns-allinone-2.28, Ubuntu 12.04.5, CentOS , etc. :

tar xvf ns-allinone-2.28.tar.gz
cd ns-allinone-2.28/
patch -p0 < ns228-gcc41-64_2016-1.patch
export CC=gcc34 CXX=g++34
./install
cd ns-2.28/
sudo make install
cp ns ns228-orig   (This is your backup of the original 'ns')
sudo cp ns228-orig /usr/local/bin/

And do not add any *PATH to .bashrc . Not required.

Links :

ns228 patch https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7S255p3kFXNVWpLZFgxNl9SazA/view?usp=sharing

gcc34, Ubuntu 12*, 64bit https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7S255p3kFXNRTkzQnRSNXZ6UVU/view?usp=sharing

g++34, Ubuntu 12*, 64bit https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7S255p3kFXNV3J3bnVoWGNWdG8/view?usp=sharing

NAM 64bit https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7S255p3kFXNNmtLeXhsaG5hXzQ/view?usp=sharing ... All nam http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-newbie-8/ns-stop-couldn%27t-execute-nam-permission-denied-while-executing-exec-nam-4175524760/#2


You probably miss the development libraries for libc. Try to install them using

sudo apt-get install libc6-dev


Ubuntu 16.04 internet not working but SSH works after upgrade

The empty /etc/resolv.conf file looks like issue - that's where you should see something like

nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

Add those into it and see if that resolves the internet connectivity issue. If it does, you can make the change permanent by changing it in the Network Manager settings.

Also you can add ones for IPv6:

nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8888
nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8844


Is there a working Xtree or equivalent for 20.04 LTS?

The file manager ytree is almost identical to xtree. Also you can look at the Xtree Fan Page for other clones. EDIT: In that page, unixtree is the more mature and feature filled clone.


Driver Manager applying changes.. stucks

Close the Update Manager. Open a terminal and start
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get install -f

to repair the interrupted installation. Install the driver via
sudo apt-get install nvidia-346


Fastest way to migrate to a bigger SSD (18.04)

What about using a Live System and

sudo dd if=/dev/sdx0 of=/dev/sdy0

and

sudo resize2fs /dev/sdy0

afterwards to resize the partition.

With sdx0 being your old partition and sdy0 being the new one.


When is the 16.04 LTS .iso file available?

When it is made available as a final release an announcement email will go out over the mailing list, which you can subscribe to here.  There is no set time for 16.04 release though - it will be out when it is ready at some point on April 21.  Usually this is time zone agnostic so we don't base "April 21" on any one time zone.


The About Me dialog doesn't save information

This is a known Bug in 11.04 (Natty) as filed in Launchpad.
Apparently this behaviour is due to a lack of an Evolution adress book and a fix is described here, though this probably will be fixed permanently at some point.


Can't Install Aps Outside Ubuntu Software Because Nothing Happens

This happens at times, lets use PPA options to install them.

Sublime Text 2

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/sublime-text-2
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install sublime-text

Sublime Text 3

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/sublime-text-3
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install sublime-text-installer


Im using an Packard Bell easynote TJ75 with a ati mobility radeon HD5650, and its not bad at all.

Compiz benchmark is around 500~600 frames/sec, i can play good World of Warcraft or Call of duty MW 4 (under wine), for example (well, there is some slowdown sometimes).

BTW, im using the experimental drivers:

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates/ubuntu lucid main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates/ubuntu lucid main
http://keyserver.ubuntu.com:11371/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x3B22AB97AF1CDFA9

Sometimes compiz has some issue (for example, does not load the windows icons, minimixe, maximize and close), but i dont know if this is really related with the ati card.

I have an ati on my desktop too, with ubuntu 9.10 no kind of driver used to works, with ubuntu 10.04 it works perfectly.

Here's a screenshot for you, with the compiz expo effect:

As you see, ati card and drivers does not work bad at all.


My fan is always on but not in MSWindows (HP elitebook 8460p)

I didn't directly solve this issue but I did minimize the fan speed and found out what cause this issue. The source was my discrete graphic card. With AMD Radeon base card I found out there is only two options: proprietary drivers(Fglrx, Catalyst) and open source(Radeon)

I tried both drivers. They both have their advantages and disadvantages. I'm not saying there's one better than the other but Radeon (ATI/AMD Radeon base graphic card, MIT license) was closer of what I needed. When I set my card to low, everything goes almost silent. This drivers package is automatically installed during a fresh install of Ubuntu 12.04.

You can then configure your GPU drivers power management feature. Here's my personal notes on how to configure those power management parameters.

There are two options for power management:

dynpm : (don't work with multiple screens)

  The "dynpm" method dynamically changes the clocks based on the number of pending fences, so performance is ramped up when running GPU intensive apps, and ramped down when the GPU is idle. The reclocking is attemped during vertical blanking periods, but due to the timing of the reclocking functions, doesn't not always complete in the blanking period, which can lead to flicker in the display. Due to this, dynpm only works when a single head is active.

source: http://wiki.x.org/wiki/RadeonFeature

echo dynpm | sudo tee /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_method

profile (works well with multiple screens)

This allows you to set a specific power management profile for the card. If you choose this option, you'll also have to setup the second file

echo profile | sudo tee /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_method
echo <profile of choice> | sudo tee /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_profile

You'll need to replace <profile of choice> with one of the following profiles:

default - Uses the default clocks and does not change the power state. This is the default behavior.
auto - Selects between "mid" and "high" power states based on the whether the system is on battery power or not. The "low" power state are selected when the monitors are in the dpms off state.
low - Forces the gpu to be in the low power state all the time. Note that "low" can cause display problems on some laptops; this is why auto does not use "low" when displays are active.
mid - Forces the gpu to be in the "mid" power state all the time. The "low" power state is selected when the monitors are in the dpms off state.
high - Forces the gpu to be in the "high" power state all the time. The "low" power state is selected when the monitors are in the dpms off state.

Set your settings permanently (well until you change it)

By default echoing anything into /sys/ will be replaced at reboot (they aren't real files). So to persist these settings, you need to rewrite them at boot.

Sources:

http://www.techytalk.info/ubuntu-open-source-ati-radeon-driver-power-usage-tweaks/
Tweaks and configuration for Radeon Open Source driver

Start by creating a new file with sudoedit /etc/init.d/ati-profiler and then pasting in the following code:

#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: ati-profiler
# Required-Start: $remote_fs $all
# Required-Stop:
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: Change GPU profile to LOW after 10 sec.
# Description: You can change your GPU profile ass you wish
### END INIT INFO

sleep 10
echo profile > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_method
echo low > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_profile

Then run:

sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/ati-profiler
sudo update-rc.d ati-profiler defaults

If you want to revert this, just run:

sudo update-rc.d ati-profiler remove
sudo rm /etc/init.d/ati-profiler

Tip: You can change your setting when you want by just echoing to it. You don't need to set everything at boot.


Why does apt-get's --reinstall option do nothing?

To my knowledge there is no such command as "--reinstall" for use with the "remove" or "purge" commands. You can use "--reinstall" in combination with the "install" command. such as "sudo apt-get install --reinstall packagename" to force a currently installed package to be reinstalled.

How to uninstall and re-install a package:

Step #1 = In terminal type "sudo apt-get purge packagename"

Step #2 = In terminal type "sudo apt-get install packagename"

How To Uninstall (but leave config files) and re-install a package:

Step #1 = In terminal type "sudo apt-get remove packagename"

Step #2 = In terminal type "sudo apt-get install packagename"

How to Uninstall (and delete installer though keep dependency installers) and re-install a package:

Step #1 = In terminal type "sudo apt-get purge packagename"

Step #2 = In terminal type "gksu nautilus", and browse to "/var/cache/apt/archives/" then delete the installer .deb file.

Step #3 = In terminal type "sudo apt-get install packagename"


You need to disable Fast Boot in Windows 8.1.

How Fast Boot works? -

  Windows 8 doesn't totally shut down when you click the Shut down
  command. Instead it only partially shuts down and partially
  hibernates. This is the Hybrid Shutdown part of the equation. Then,
  when you turn on your computer, Windows 8 starts very quickly because
  it only has to partially boot up and partially wake up. This is the
  Fast Boot part of the equation.


Evolution options in Online Accounts dialog for Google Account

From the Evolution Data Server GitHub:

"The Evolution Data Server package provides a unified backend for programs that work with
contacts, tasks, and calendar information. It was originally developed for Evolution
(hence the name), but is now used by other packages as well.

The Evolution Data Server provides a single database for common, desktop-wide information,
such as a user's address book or calendar events.

By using the evolution-data-server, other GNOME applications are integrating with Evolution.

gnome-panel calendar applet lists your appointments and tasks.
Synchronize your Pidgin buddies with your Evolution contacts.
View Planner files as Evolution task lists."

To answer your specific question, you do not have to use Evolution to take advantage of the features provided by Evolution Data Server such as notifications in the dash/calendar applet.

Best,

Lev


Can I restore a partition image to a different sized partition?

For your purpose, everything can be done using gparted. With the exception of / partition, any partition can can be resized in gparted by Rclick, select unmount, then resize.

Any partition (including /) can be cloned/copied to any space, of equal or greater size, by either of two methods. The most reliable method is using
$ sudo dd if=/dev/sd!!! of=/dev/sd@@@
where the Input Folder/File sd!!! is the partition you want to copy, and the Output Folder/File sd@@@ is the (unmounted) place you want to copy to.

The second method [$ copy if=/dev/sd!!! of=/dev/sd@@@] is less reliable.

Invariably there will remain empty space in the output folder/file. To use it, just click on 'Partition' in the gparted top-menu, select Disks from the dropdown menu, then 'repair' or somesuch


Command:

dmesg | grep -i sata | grep 'link up'


Try using:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-terminal


The Ubuntu interface asks only for a user password which is already set, and I don't know it. What do i do?

Hold the Shift key when the computer starts to reboot. This should give you the grub menu. The second entry on the grub menu should be to boot Ubuntu to recovery mode. Select it and press the Enter key. This will eventually lead to a text menu with several choices, one of which should be Root Prompt. Select that and press Enter.

Now, run "passwd username" where username is the name of the account. Enter the new password and enter it again when prompted. Then run "reboot". Login using your new password.


how can I install a boot for my encrypted root partition?

From what I know, you do not need to set GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX to your crypto block device. Instead, make sure the following is OK:

Installing grub: Make sure grub is installed on your /boot partition. if it still complains about ext2, then format your /boot to ext3 or ext4 (I am assuming you have no valuable data whatsoever on your /boot parition).

I recommend the following clean way (from a liveUSB or your rescue disk):

sudo -i
cryptsetup open /dev/sda5 my_encrypted_device
mount /dev/mapper/my_encrypted_device /mnt
mount --bind /dev/ /mnt/dev && mount --bind /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts && mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc && mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
mount /dev/<YOUR_BOOT_PARTITION> /mnt/boot
chroot /mnt
apt purge --auto-remove grub-pc
 Hit Enter to confirm the removal.

apt install grub-pc

Inside the terminal, use spacebar to select where to install grub, press tab then enter.

/etc/crypttab: Your entry should be in the form:

TARGET SOURCE_DEVICE KEY_FILE OPTIONS

(e.g. my_encrypted_device /dev/sda5 none luks)

Remember that the key file parameter none requests the key file to be given interactively by user

/etc/fstab: The first field of your / entry should contain the same device mapping name (i.e. my_encrypted_device)
update-initramfs: DO NOT FORGET TO UPDATE YOUR RAM FILESYSTEM!
update-initramfs -u -k all

You should have a working boot-up now.

Note: GRUB could be installed on your encrypted device as you said


How to create a bootable thumbdrive using MacOS

Why not try the Ubuntu Tutorials written for that purpose

https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/create-a-bootable-usb-stick-on-ubuntu/14011
https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/create-a-bootable-usb-stick-on-windows/14020
https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/create-a-bootable-usb-stick-on-macos/14016

https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/how-to-burn-a-dvd-on-windows/14008
https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/how-to-burn-a-dvd-on-macos/14015
https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/how-to-burn-a-dvd-on-ubuntu/14022

https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/how-to-create-an-sdcard-with-ubuntu-server-for-a-raspberry-pi/14646

Traditionally tutorials once written when to https://ubuntu.com/tutorials however now the discourse site appears to be becoming the place for tutorials


Automatically mounting USB drives on boot

You can try editing the fstab file. Here is how to access it: nano /etc/fstab. On nano, you can use any editor install in your system, like Vi/Vim. The file will have headings which are self explanatory. It will have Mount point-Where you can the drive to be mounted, e.g /home/media. It will also have Type(File system type, e.g ext4) and others. Once you finish adding your drive(s) there, the drive will automatically be mapping itself there once plugged in.

Here is my edited answer

Check the files system of your drives by running df -T. For
example you will see something like this

  Filesystem      Type     1K-blocks      Used   Available   Mounted on
  /dev/sdb1       ext4       10240        0       10240       /home

2. See the help provided in this post if you have problems with file systems.

Edit the fstab like this:

   #Device         #Mountpoint  #fs-type     #options     #dump  #fsck
 /dev/sdb1       /media/drive1    ext4        defaults      0      0
 /dev/sdc1       /media/drive2    ext4        defaults      0      0

You may find nothing configured in the fstab file but it's likely that the default boot drive is configured there. Go ahead and just edit the file exactly as I have shown in step 3.


At the beginning of an Ubuntu installation, what means the ”keyboard = human“ symbol?

Enables the onscreen keyboard, for kiosks, and for keyboard connection failures.


Using Quickly to develop apps for Raspberry Pi?

I don't know much about Quickly, nor do I know much about Raspberry Pi, but for what it's worth...

Quickly is set up to configure packages to be installed into /opt/ubuntu.extras/appname (or something similar). That is probably the main difference from anything else, since this is not standard in any other linux flavor.

This should not keep you from using Quickly to develop apps for Raspberry Pi, or any device using Fedora or Windows or whatever else operating system. You just need to modify the code snippets that define installation folders and make them use something more generic like for example home = os.path.expanduser('~') or os.environ['HOME'] for configuration files and then something for location of application scripts.


Why do *nix folk like to use ``...'' rather than the " character?

The real reason (and what may be the root cause of the LaTeX usage) is that many pre-unicode unix fonts (both for the console and X), and two common Adobe Postscript encoding vectors, had typographic opening/closing quote glyphs at these positions, so 'this' would look like ’this’, and ``this'' looked like ‘‘this’’ or ‛‛this’’, which was (especially in a proportional font where these were only 2-3 pixels wide) as close to typographically correct as you could get back then.

This goes back even further to typewriters, where the ' glyph would often be set at an angle to accomodate its use as an overstriking acute accent.

See also:

http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~ggbaker/reference/characters/
http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/quotes.html


Moonlight/Silverlight - is it still working

“We have abandoned Moonlight.

Silverlight has not gained much adoption on the web, so it did not become the must-have technology that I thought would have to become. And Microsoft added artificial restrictions to Silverlight that made it useless for desktop programming.“ - Xamarin

You can download this novell-moonlight-39903-x86_64.xpi file,
then right click and open with Firefox.
This will install moonlight. Click install.
That's it..


How to issue notifications that echo across all open consoles of particular user?

The wall command might give you what you need.
Here is an example:

echo "Hello World" | wall

Users can turn off these messages (check by running mesg) but if you run the command as root this setting will be ignored.


How to get GUI back after freeze interrupted an Nvidia driver update?

This problem usually occurs when your nvidia drivers are not installed properly. Usually it is the result of installing the drivers from nvidia's website before or after the drivers that you get from the Ubuntu repositories (which is the recommended source, I might add).

To solve this, you need to remove the driver (if you installed it using the run file, you can uninstall it using the same file (see below)).

Or, you can delete the libraries associated with it (my apologies as I'm not on my nvidia powered laptop at the moment so I cannot check for certain as to which files you have to remove).

If you installed from nvidia's website, you can remove the drivers using:

nvidia-installer --uninstall

Optionally, you can run:

sudo apt-get --purge nvidia-current
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current


Extract here option and Source code for Thunar File manager

You need to install thunar-archive-plugin to use Extract Here option.

Install it using

 sudo apt-get install thunar-archive-plugin

Once installed, you can find this option in Right click context menu.

If you want to use some custom action in your thunar menu, you can see here for how to configure this.


Chromium process 16 exabytes of virtual memory?

After some more digging, have confirmed this is a known bug with LXTask version < 0.1.5. Seems this is fixed in new versions but does not ship with 14.04.

http://sourceforge.net/p/lxde/bugs/467/


Can I create a persistent live USB of Ubuntu?

OK, I think the word 'persistent' led us in the wrong direction :-)

Yes, an installed system is portable between computers

An installed Ubuntu system is portable between computers, but not as portable as a live or persistent live system. If a computer needs a proprietary driver for example for graphics or wifi, there is a problem. You should avoid proprietary drivers unless all the computers would work with that/those particular driver(s).

Edit: You can install Ubuntu into a USB pendrive like it were into an internal drive, and it will work also in other computers. Install it from the live system in one USB pendrive into another USB pendrive (and avoid proprietary drivers).

Particularly If the computer is running in UEFI mode, it will be much easier if you unplug the internal drive before you start installing. Otherwise the EFI partition in the internal drive will 'hijack' the bootloader and you have to fix a bootloader in the USB drive manually afterwards.

After the installation you can re-connect the internal drive again, and it should be possible to use a hotkey to get a temporary boot menu, where you can select the USB drive (or the internal drive). Without that hotkey, the computer should boot directly into the internal drive (and your wife's operating system).

If the original drive and the target drive have the same size sectors, you can clone the system (from a smaller drive to a bigger drive) for example with Clonezilla.

Otherwise you must extract the files, fix some configuration files and create the bootloader separately. It is possible, but I think it is faster and easier to create a new installed system (or persistent live system) in the USB drive, install your favourite program packages, configure the system and copy the personal files that you want.

You can create a script with rsync or use Unison to syncronize the personal data files between the two systems.

See these links

Try Ubuntu (Kubuntu, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, ...) before installing it

help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/UEFI-and-BIOS


How can I find which applications are installed on my system?

Open up the Ubuntu Software Centre.  Click on the button labelled "Installed".  All the apps installed will be listed under their respective categories.

A command line alternative is to use

$ sudo dpkg --get-selections


Compile C++ 11 with clang 3.4 and GraphicsMagick

Use sudo apt-get install libgraphicsmagick++1-dev instead of sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev. It will work.


ubuntu Server asus chromebox won't boot unless I have a hdmi display plugged in

I had the same issue.  There is no software solution that I can find.  What I did end up doing was buying the Fit PC Headless HDMI dongle.  It's about $15, and mimics an attached HDMI display.

http://www.fit-pc.com/web/products/fit-headless/


And after some more trying, ESC and ENTER both work fine, the former also allowing to "cancel" the unlock.


OwnCloud: change folder for specific user

Each user on owncloud has a private home folder.

The datadirectory is where owncloud will store the files for all users. Every user will create a new separate folder.

Two quick guesses as to why you would want to control this is because you either want to share some files or you want to preload the user.

If what you're trying to do is share a folder for multiple users, you can do that through owncloud.

If you want to preload the folder with data. Owncloud keeps a record of files on the database. This is possible, but a bit more involved than simply dropping files. You need to use occ on the server to run the files:scan operation.

The full command would be

php occ files:scan

You can use -h for more information.


What are the default values of /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/mpm_event.conf?

According to this official doc,
these are the default values:

<IfModule mpm_event_module>
    StartServers             3
    MinSpareThreads          75
    MaxSpareThreads          250
    ThreadLimit              64
    ThreadsPerChild          25
    MaxRequestWorkers        400
    MaxConnectionsPerChild   0
</IfModule>

The default values for MaxRequestWorkers are calculated like this:

MaxRequestWorkers 400 (16 x 25 = 400)
ServerLimit 16 (default)
ThreadsPerChild 25 (default)


How do I fix apt-get? I can't install or update anything

Sometimes things go so horribly wrong that the only way to fix them is by starting over.
Thanks guys, but after trying everything else with no luck I knew i had to reinstall a new clean system and that's what i did. now everything works great.


Burn Ubuntu to a USB drive, using whatever your favorite program is. Plug it into the Mac and hold the Option/ALT key to enter the built-in boot menu of the Mac. Select the USB drive and boot from it.


Windows can access one shared folder but not another (ubuntu 18.04, w7)

Your external partition is mounting to /media/$USER/XXX. Linux ( not samba ) permits only $USER the ability to traverse /media/$USER folder to get to the XXX folder. THe remote guest user is not $USER so although the permissions on XXX allow everyone access no access is allowed by Linux.

Since all your shares allow guest access and since you are uing the file manager to create shares I would suggest making the remote user look like you - at least for those shares:

** Edit /etc/samba/smb.conf

** Right under the workgroup = WORKGROUP line add this one:

force user = morbius

Change morbius to your own Linux login user name.

** Then restart smbd:

sudo service smbd restart


Is it possible to install vineyard to Ubuntu Trial?

The try Ubuntu setting will not have all the packages installed and certain programs and features will not work. You will want to go ahead and install ubuntu, you could install it to a flash drive if you do not want to install it right away on you pc.


Windows can view directories but not ubuntu

Thanks to no one i found the solution on my own. I was just hopeless and when i was messing around in Windows, i just ran a chkdsk /f on the drive with the issue. It fixed some indexes in few files & when i get to Ubuntu, BAM!! Everything's there.

My advice is; in a case like this, Don't try to do any stuff to the NTFS drive from Linux. Let the Windows do the magic. I was smart enough to remain calm without doing that mistake. Hope this'll help someone else in the future. :)


How to switch 'default' sound device controlled by hardware keys in Xubuntu?

I got a clue somewhere to look in
Settings / Settings Editor (not the normal Settings Manager)

Then, under xfce4-mixer, there was the setting /active-card
which had the value:

PlaybackHighDefinitionAudioControllerDigitalStereoHDMIPulseAudioMixer

I selected 'active-card', and hit the 'Reset Property' button. That turned the setting into:

PlaybackBuiltinAudioAnalogStereoPulseAudioMixer

( These names closely follow the names of the Output Devices in pavucontrol see screenshot )

After a reboot, it worked. My volume buttons now affect the volume in the speakers.

(Scrub my earlier, now deleted, hint/comment about Play/Pause not working. They (still) work fine in Rhythmbox - that was/is an unrelated problem with gmusicbrowser)

This may or may not work for you! :-)

EDIT: For some reason, my xfce profile got corrupted and I've restarted from scratch by rm -rf ~/.config. Now, only a few days later, resetting it didn't work for me either, but setting /active-card to PlaybackBuiltinAudioAnalogStereoPulseAudioMixer did.

EDIT: If the above did not work try setting this via terminal and xfconf, e.g.

    xfconf-query -c xfce4-mixer -p /active-card -s 'PlaybackBuiltinAudioAnalogStereoPulseAudioMixer'


.sh files requires `sh app.sh` even with `#!/bin/bash` line

First you need to make sure the file is executable:

chmod +x file.sh

And then to run it, you either need to put it in your PATH, i.e., one of the directories of files the OS searches when looking for files to run, which you can find with echo $PATH, or else you need to type in:

./file.sh

Rather than just type file.sh.

You can just type file.sh, if it's in your PATH, which I recommend. A good place is in ~/bin. Create that folder if it's not there, and under Ubuntu, it'll get added to your path when you log in.


Ubuntu 18.04 Rhythmbox starts when Skype call is finished

It appears that this might be related to PulseAudio. Had the same issue a long time ago. Try fixing it by opening /etc/pulse/default.pa and commenting out the line load-module module-role-cork by putting a # in front of it. After that, restart the PulseAudio deamon:

$ pulseaudio -k
$ pulseaudio -D

If that doesn't help, you might need to at least log out of your user account or even restart the whole PC.


If you don't mind using terminal, then theres workaround for this problem. Open terminal by pressing Ctrl + Alt + T combination, assuming the file located on Downloads directory:

sudo dpkg -i Downloads/modelio-open-source-3.6.0_amd64

Followed by -f command to fix any dependencies problem:

sudo apt-get -f install

Please note this as reference to other similar problem, as Ubuntu Software aren't reliable to download .deb files outside than Official repositories.


Does Marco's compositor affect battery life and/or performance?

Battery life may refer to (1) the time a single charge lasts (and you can extend that by lowering power consumption), or (2) the time you can use the battery until it needs replacement (a.k.a. Battery lifespan or lifetime).
It is not clear to me which of the two you were referring to.
Battery life
The point you are asking about is so specific that I doubt you would find any statement that answers your question.
But you can readily answer it yourself by measuring power consumption under the two conditions you mean to compare, and assessing whether there is any (meaningful) difference.
There are many alternatives, including powertop, powerstat, powerapi, s-tui, and Intel Power Gadget.
Going beyond your specific question, there are many other actions you can take to save battery life (e.g. this).
Battery lifespan
One important point to extend battery lifespan of Li-ion batteries is to avoid having it for a long time at 100% or 0% charge.
For that sake, there are several options (with tlp being a popular one, in particular for Battery charge thresholds), depending on your system.
Related:

https://askubuntu.com/a/1313524/226614


With compiz --replace, you have replaced any existing window manager with Compiz; if you were already using Compiz, you have "reset" (or re-initialized) it -- which probably explains why this command solved your problem by finally applying your custom settings.


How to make ext4 update files in place during writes

I'm not sure this accurately answers the question.  If a file is open for reading (say, by a shared library with its contents loaded in memory), you really don't want those contents over-written unexpectedly.  So, I believe the normal way (ie when data=ordered) is to write the data to disk, update the inodes/metadata, point the directory entry to the new file, but leave the old file in-place and allocated until all references to it are removed (that is, all processes have released any file_open handles).

In that case, shred/wipe might force an fsync, but the old file is still very much active which means it won't get shredded.


Update:
The default installation of Wireshark requires root privileges to run packet capturing. This is why I suggested below to run it as a privileged user. As @Warren Hill kindly pointed out this is not the recommended way to use Wireshark.

Please read How do I run WireShark, with root-privileges? and follow @Oli's answer on how to reconfigure Wireshark to be able to run as your own user.

To make the group membership changes effective (as stated in that answer) you'll need to log out or restart the system. If you do not want to do that right now for any reason, temporarily login might help. (You'll have to specify your password twice: once for sudo and once for login).

$ sudo login <your_user_name>
[sudo] password for <your_user_name>:
password:
$ DISPLAY=:0.0 wireshark

Answer left below for reference:

Try to run Wireshark with root privileges:

pkexec wireshark

According to the Wireshark Wiki:

  Running Wireshark (or any other network capture/analyzer, for that
  matter) on Linux needs root privileges. Therefore, you have to have
  root privileges when starting Wireshark, else you can't capture data.
  Please note that you don't have to login as root when starting your
  computer, you can use su(1) or sudo(8) for that purpose.


How do I revert all packages to their official versions?

Well you can remove and reinstall the packages

ppa-purge is probably still your best bet for a clean escape. Just re-adding the PPA the package came from and then using ppa-purge to kill it. I'm not sure how many PPAs you have installed but if it's fewer than 10, I'd be looking at doing this.

If you think that method is too soft I've just written some bash-porn to help identify package versions whose installation source now only exists locally in /var/lib/dpkg/status. This is not the same as "orphaned" packages.

for p in `dpkg-query --showformat='${Package} ' -W`; do
    if [[ $(apt-cache policy $p | grep -Pzo "\*\*\* [^\n]+\s+100") ]]; then
        echo $p;
    fi;
done

I'm not sure if this is perfect yet but give it a go. Note it's only going to print out the names of the packages. You're going to have to manually uninstall/reinstall each package.

To do that, first look at what is available for that package by running apt-cache policy <package> and you'll see a list of package versions (including the /var/lib/dpkg/status version). Find the nearest external one and run:

sudo apt-get install <package>=<version>

You might need to add a --reinstall after the install but see how it goes.


Wifi signal is weak in Ubuntu 18.04 with RTL8723BE

It's a problem with the drivers of Realtek RTL8723BE controller.
Do this:

Get the new wifi drivers from github:
git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new.git -b rtw88

Update: The master branch is officially abandoned, branch rtw88 is supported now (appropriate changes have been made in the above command).

Go into the directory:
cd rtlwifi_new

Build it:
make

Install:
sudo make install

Now, the new drivers are installed. To see what is the correct antenna configuration for your laptop, do this:

Unload the existing module:
sudo modprobe -r rtl8723be

Load the new module with antenna configuration:
sudo modprobe rtl8723be ant_sel=1

Now, check the WiFi signals using:
iwlist scan | egrep -i 'ssid|quality'

Next, repeat the steps(5-7) with ant_sel=2 in step 6.

Whichever configuration gives the better signal quality, make it default by using:
echo "options rtl8723be ant_sel=N" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf   #Replace N with 1 or 2

Note: After each kernel update, you need to rebuild the modules.


How do I get rid of GRUB without formatting my HDD

From your description, it's apparent that you're running an EFI-based computer. There are several ways to do what you want, but I first want to note a caveat: Some tools (such as Boot Repair, if you activate certain advanced options) move and rename EFI boot loaders in order to work around EFI bugs. If you've used such a tool on your computer in the past, doing the "right" thing can actually make matters worse. I don't think that doing as I describe here will do that, but it's possible that this procedure won't work if your files have been moved and renamed. That out of the way, one way to get rid of GRUB on such a system is as follows:

Boot to Windows using your built-in boot manager.
Open an Administrator Command Prompt window. In Windows 7, you'd do this by right-clicking the Command Prompt item and selecting "Run as Administrator." This is probably different in Windows 8, though.
Type mountvol P: /S. This should mount the ESP as P:. (You can change that identifier if you like.)
Back up the contents of P:. You could do this with xcopy, which copies entire directory trees; or use a command-line Zip utility.
Type cd P:.
Explore the files on P:. There should be a directory called EFI\ubuntu. Delete it. There may be other suspicious files or directories, but don't delete them just yet. Be especially careful to not delete the EFI\Microsoft directory. Note that you'll need to do all this in the Administrator Command Prompt window, using commands like dir and del.

When you reboot, the computer should boot straight to Windows. If it doesn't, you can go back in and review any other files or directories. Most Windows machines have an EFI\Microsoft directory on the ESP, and possibly a directory for the computer's manufacturer, but that's it. Anything else is suspect, especially if it's got a Linux-related name -- for instance, if EFI\fedora is present, it's likely to be the boot loader from a leftover Fedora installation.

There are alternatives to this approach. For instance, you could use EasyUEFI in Windows or efibootmgr in an emergency Linux boot to change the boot order. Many EFIs provide similar functionality in their built-in setup utilities, but the details of how to use these tools varies from one machine to another. Re-ordering the boot options may pose slightly less risk of doing something catastrophically wrong than deleting the Ubuntu files from the ESP, but it also won't fully "get rid of" GRUB, in the sense that GRUB will still be on the hard disk.

Note also that there's a possibility that GRUB is installed in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, in which case the easiest and safest solution is to disable this support. Many Ubuntu installation instructions recommend enabling this support, but that's a Bad Idea, IMO. If you did this, you should follow those instructions in reverse to undo the damage and get your system back to booting in EFI-only mode.


Is it possible to create unattended installation for Ubuntu Desktop 18.04?

If I understand correctly, you want to install custom made Ubuntu Desktop images, and not the default installation provided by the downloaded ISO.
You actually don't have to use Packer for an unattended installation.

In short: Desktop and server OS use a very different installation method.
Seed files are very very limited when installing desktop OS, but you may not even need them. You can just create custom desktop versions of your own with not much effort provided by Ubuntu tools.
I think this might help: LiveCDCustomization .
Making it truly unattended is also possible (but most of configuration should already be made in the custom image).

A wider explanation: First, we may want to understand why ubuntu server option was even suggested when considering KS and seed files, and why a different method should be used with custom desktop versions.

Ubuntu server uses the debian-installer method for most of the installation, including even most basic parts such as partition creating.
It first install all the basic debians (installation components) it needs to run the most basic installer (such as partition manager), and then using them.

Debian-installer actually builds an OS from scratch with parameters of your choice, that need to be manually chosen by the user in tons of menus (that's why administrators love to use seed files).

Ubuntu desktop uses the ubiquity method with squashfs files, a compressed filesystem with many setting and debiand pre-configured for an easy live installation.
You may use preseed files, but with a very limited support and range of choices (and a very very limited range of d-i commands are supported).
Thus, if we want to use this method, we need to provide with a custom squashfs of a custom image we made.


Mysql-server-5.1 installation gone wrong

You will need to find and kill the process that is locking /var/cache/debconf/config.dat before you can do anything else.

You can use either

lsof /var/cache/debconf/config.dat

or

fuser -v /var/cache/debconf/config.dat

to find out which process is locking this file and kill to kill that process.

Once you do that you should be able to use apt-get to install mysql-server although I would use Synaptic to view the current status of packages, on filter is called "Broken" which will allow you to tidy up first.


ClamTk found Trojan.Generic-6888382 in Javascript directory

Summary of problem - ClamTk found the trojan but didn't delete it and I didn't have the access rights to delete the file, or directory. (I followed advice and reported the issue to ClamNet)

I then tried to reinstall Ubuntu and messed up my pen drive containing the Ubuntu ISO, and searched for it's name 'uui' in the file system. Happily, this search resulted in the prompt "Do I want to run 'file system' as Boot Administrator?"
I answered "Yes", entered my password and deleted the directories containing the trojan.
I rebooted the laptop and ran ClamTk again and the trojan had not reappeared.
So.... was I "feeling lucky, punk?".... the answer was "Yes!"

So the solution if ClamTk finds malware, but doesn't delete it is:
 - report it to Clam.net
 - run file system as Boot Admin and delete the malware files or containing directory.


HDMI only works when running off battery

I cannot help you with the battery plug and HDMI problem, but I think I can help with the sound problem.

When connecting the HDMI cable, go to Sound Settings and then to tab "Hardware". You can see on the bottom a box to select a "Profile", where you should select "HDMI Output".

After using, select your default profile.


Powertop autotune error - Cannot load from file

That is normal. You see the explanation File will be loaded after taking minimum number of measurement(s) with battery only.

This warning will go away after some time.


Errors were encountered while processing: man-db

No solution mentioned in the answers worked for me and I tried a solution mentioned here on Ubuntu Forums, executing the command

sudo dpkg -i --force-all [deb file path]

and that worked.


I can only try to provide a partial answer to this question as I'm also struggling on this issue.

Here are several links for further info:

What is the correct way to install proprietary ATI Catalyst Video Drivers (fglrx) directly from AMD?
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1930450&s=0c5e30b19b3489f67897c65c594c1886
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/ATI
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HybridGraphics
http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Ubuntu_Quantal_Installation_Guide

After going through all these, I couldn't get a satisfactory result from the latest proprietary drivers either from Ubuntu repositories or from AMD website, and I currently use the open source drivers plus a vgaswitcheroo script I have slightly modified in order to automatically switch off the power-hungry discreet graphics when the laptop runs  on batteries: http://asusm51ta-with-linux.blogspot.com. This script displays which GPU is currently working and if they are turned ON or OFF. At least in my case, this only allows me to switch OFF the discreet graphics to save power when running on batteries and cannot make the computer use discreet graphics at all -- commands echo DIS > /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch and echo DDIS > /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch have no effect.


`canonical-livepatch enable` command seems to be hanging -- how can I figure out why?

I also encountered this same issue on my fresh Ubuntu 20.04 install on a VPS.
According to snap logs canonical-livepatch.canonical-livepatchd, this was due to:
bad temporary server status 500 (URL: https://livepatch.canonical.com/api/machine-tokens) server response: machine token already exists

This can be fixed by generating a new machine token before re-running canonical-livepatch enable <token>:
rm /etc/machine-id
systemd-machine-id-setup

However, in my case, the generated token was the same each time since it was using the  D-Bus machine ID, so I had to remove that first so that it uses the KVM UUID instead:
rm /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
rm /etc/machine-id
systemd-machine-id-setup
dbus-uuidgen --ensure

The last line just copies the new machine ID over to the first file deleted.


How do I remove printer that is no longer used?

I found the answer when I opened CUPS in my browser.

Administration, Manage Printers, and Delete Printer.


Ubuntu : Delete part of root .bash_history without traces

Use:

su
 vim ~/.bash_history

History does not save the command if it has a space in front of it.

This is dependent on the HISTCONTROL variable. By default (for root) it's ignoredups:ignorespace.


How To Get Terminal to Open, Launch a Program, and Stay Open At Startup?

Scripts should be called with the full path name to the file as starting with ./vert/vertcoin-qt would have to be in the path that you are in.  However, the system doesn't necessarily start in the same folder as you, so giving it the full path name will help it launch from any location.  Then add exec $SHELL to keep the terminal open after the script runs.

#!/bin/bash
gnome-terminal -x bash -c "/full/path/to/vert/vertcoin-qt; exec $SHELL"

Make sure that you change /full/path/to to the actual path to where the script is.

Hope this helps!


If you want to File the Bug report follow this

How do I report a bug?

You may consider reinstalling that package . Every bug get the affinity of being Serious , Low Urgency , etc.  as per concluded by the Development team. But you need to report the bug for that.

It is a good practice , since you are Contributing to Ubuntu Development by reporting a bug . It helps in fixing it which get ends up in Updates as newer version with bug fixes and other features , thereby making your system more Secure and Robust.


The issue seems to be with Unity and forcing to 3D.

I solved this problem following the following document:
http://blogs.operationaldynamics.com/paul/opensource/not-unifed-in-12-10-the-quickening

I did not do the last part of the document.  All I did is as follows:

After you login, you get an empty screen with the Ubuntu wallpaper, at this point do a Ctrl-Alt-t.  This will launch the terminal window.
Issue the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3
sudo apt-get -f update
sudo apt-get -f install gdm gnome-shell gnome-tweak-tool gnome-session-fallback

You will be asked what Window Manager to use, make sure you select GDM.
Reboot, while still in the terminal window, issue the following command:

sudo shutdown -r now

That should do it.  If you still have issues, make sure your read the web link listed above.


what does the -aux option of ps stand for?

From man ps, the manual page of the ps command (excerpts only):

   a      Lift the BSD-style "only yourself" restriction, which is imposed
          upon the set of all processes when some BSD-style (without "-")
          options are used or when the ps personality setting is BSD-like.
          The set of processes selected in this manner is in addition to
          the set of processes selected by other means.  An alternate
          description is that this option causes ps to list all processes
          with a terminal (tty), or to list all processes when used
          together with the x option.

   x      Lift the BSD-style "must have a tty" restriction, which is
          imposed upon the set of all processes when some BSD-style
          (without "-") options are used or when the ps personality
          setting is BSD-like.  The set of processes selected in this
          manner is in addition to the set of processes selected by other
          means.  An alternate description is that this option causes ps
          to list all processes owned by you (same EUID as ps), or to list
          all processes when used together with the a option.

   u      Display user-oriented format.

So the a argument lets ps show processes of all users instead of only the current user, if the processes are connected to a terminal.

The x makes ps also include processes which are not connected to any terminal in the list. So the ax together causes ps to list all processes without restriction.

The u simply changes the output formatting and visible columns.

As @steeldriver mentioned correctly in his comment, ps is a bit special because it supports both arguments in BSD style (a) and GNU style (-a). Therefore ps aux is not exactly the same as ps -aux, although it may be implemented to do the same for easier migration. The relevant paragraph of the man page says:

   Note that "ps -aux" is distinct from "ps aux".  The POSIX and UNIX
   standards require that "ps -aux" print all processes owned by a user
   named "x", as well as printing all processes that would be selected by
   the -a option.  If the user named "x" does not exist, this ps may
   interpret the command as "ps aux" instead and print a warning.  This
   behavior is intended to aid in transitioning old scripts and habits.
   It is fragile, subject to change, and thus should not be relied upon.


How to set a fixed IP address for the Gnome Boxes virtual machine

This issue has been fixed in GNOME Boxes 3.30, see https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-boxes/commit/8a336ba05

You should upgrade to a newest Ubuntu or try the GNOME Boxes 3.32 Flatpak from https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.gnome.Boxes


Sound ubuntu linux 19.10 on hp pavilion aio not working

Thank you for referring to my post (it has just been updated). I confirm that the sound of my HP AiO is OK just after a sleeping mode !


Pipelight not working with firefox or chrome

the instructions you used are a bit incomplete, as one important step is missing. The installation of Pipelight itself looks okay so far, but you probably don't have installed a user agent switcher. This is required to make the (streaming) pages think that you're using a Windows PC, otherwise they will refuse access or hang at 100% loading.

The following FAQ entry describes how to do this for Chrome/Firefox/Uzbl:
https://answers.launchpad.net/pipelight/+faq/2351


login infinite loop after installing an Nvidia driver

As Marc Vanhoomissen has said, there are many questions and many solutions about this problem on askubuntu.com. Many of them don't work in my case.

Here is the solution that worked for me at this link.

Here's the text reproduced from that link:

Here is modern way to install the nvidia drivers for Ubuntu (for 14.04 and newer)

        sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
        sudo apt-get update
        sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
        sudo reboot

I would add that if you have had many failed attempts you should start with

sudo apt-get purge nvidia* and

sudo apt-get autoclean and

sudo apt-get autoremove nvidia* and

shutdown and power-off and reboot before installing the driver in the suggested manner.


I’d use sed like this:

sed '/^PASS_MIN_DAYS/s/[0-9]\+/15/'

This replaces the number in the line beginning with “PASS_MIN_DAYS” with 15. To edit the file in place leaving a backup with the .bak extension, use the following command. By default you need root access to edit the file.

sed -i.bak '/^PASS_MIN_DAYS/s/[0-9]\+/15/' /etc/login.defs


Well, I sent an email to Canonical, and after a couple of days I received an answer which I place here in order to give this question as answered and to keep a record for future reference.

  Hi Geppettvs

  Thanks for getting in touch.

  I have opened this question in AskUbuntu (How do I write articles without infringing on OSS project's logos and brands?) with no answers yet. So I found this place and dare to ask. I am the
  webmaster and IT consultant for several local media, radio and TV
  stations and newspapers at my Place in Mexico. Let's mention the TV
  Channel 9 (http://www.canal9tampico.com), Diario Debate
  (http://www.diariodebate.info), El Universo Tamaulipeco Noticias
  (http://eluniversotamaulipeco.com) Some of them have invited me to
  write a coverage or editorial column about technology and I am very
  interested on writing about Ubuntu and Open Source software such as
  The GIMP, InkScape, LibreOffice, etc. The coverage will -of course-
  include my personal achievements and experiences based on the
  day-to-day usage of these software, among other software and/or online
  services. I would like to know if it is legal or at least I won't
  break any rules by to mention the brand names, use logos to illustrate
  or including screenshots, video tutorials or something in the writing.
  I will appreciate a lot your feedback. Thanks in advance.

  We are really pleased to hear your interest in writing about Ubuntu.
  Whilst we can appreciate the passion Ubuntu inspires, we also have to
  be diligent to ensure that the trademarks are used correctly.

  To keep the balance between the integrity of our trademarks and the
  ability to customise Ubuntu, we’ve tried to define a reasonable
  trademark policy that allows our Community to use Ubuntu and to
  promote the project. You can read the full policy at
  http://www.ubuntu.com/aboutus/trademarkpolicy.

  As you can see from our policy using the trademarks in your
  discussion, commentary, criticism or parody, in ways that
  unequivocally do not imply endorsement, is permissible. You are free
  to write articles, create websites, blog about, or talk about Ubuntu -
  as long as it's clear to everyone (including people completely
  unfamiliar with Ubuntu) that you are simply referring to Ubuntu and in
  no way speaking for Canonical or the Ubuntu project.

  So as long as you do not imply that you are affiliated with Canonical
  or Ubuntu, please go ahead!

  Good luck with your writing!

  Thanks,

  Isabel

After reading the Trademark Policy Document, I find quite interesting the words that refers to:

  Commentary and parody

  The Ubuntu trademarks are designed to cover use of a mark to imply origin or endorsement by the project. When a user downloads something
  called Ubuntu, they should know it comes from the Ubuntu project. This
  helps Ubuntu build a reputation that will not be damaged by confusion
  around what is, and isn't, Ubuntu. Using the trademarks in your
  discussion, commentary, criticism or parody, in ways that
  unequivocally do not imply endorsement, is permissible. Anyone is free
  to write articles, create websites, blog about, or talk about Ubuntu -
  as long as it's clear to everyone (including people completely
  unfamiliar with Ubuntu) that they are simply referring to Ubuntu and
  in no way speaking for Canonical or the Ubuntu project.

  We reserve the right to review all usage within the open source
  community, and to object to any usage that appears to overstep the
  bounds of discussion and good-faith non-commercial development. In any
  event, once a project has left the open source project phase or
  otherwise become a commercial project, this policy does not authorise
  any use of the Trademarks in connection to that project.

Which is enough for me.


My ubuntu 14.04 is stuck in log-in loop when I try to log-in to Desktop. My login password does work at terminal but can not open the encrypted folder

That may mean session in your account corrupted. I'd go to VT1 (Alt-Ctl-F1) to see if you can log in. If you have other accounts, test them too.
Another explanation might be network identity problem.
If you can log in VT1 AS yourself or as root, create another user account and see if you can log in when you go back to login (Alt-Ctl-F7).


ZFS Pools are not autoloading on Ubuntu 15.10

From version 15.04 Ubuntu changed the default init process from Upstart to systemd, and a few things broke with this switch.

Some scripts needed to automount ZFS pools with systemd were missing.  See the bug report at https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/zfs-linux/+bug/1521952.

The good news is a bugfix was released on December 16th 2015 to the wily-updates universe repository.  If this repository is enabled, you can update with the commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

FYI, mountall is a helper for Upstart, and is not used with systemd, hence the error "Could not connect to Upstart".


Do you have package python-dev installed? That's where Python.h comes from.

These are the steps to find this information out for yourself:

Run apt-file search Python.h to find all packages that provide files that have Python.h in their name (You might have to install apt-file first). This lists a lot of packages, but most provide files like Symbol-Tables-In-Python.html. The only packages that provide a Python.h file are pythonX.X-dbg and pythonX.X-dev packages. Now, -dbg packages contain debug version of programs, while -dev contain development files such as C header files, and Python.h is such a file.

This narrows the list of packages down to python2.6-dev, python2.7-dev, and python3.2-dev. One way to check which of these version is the canonical one is to simple remove the version number from the package name, and check if this exists: apt-cache show python-dev:

Package: python-dev
Priority: optional
Section: python
Installed-Size: 32
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
Original-Maintainer: Matthias Klose <doko@debian.org>
Architecture: all
Source: python-defaults
Version: 2.7.2-7ubuntu2
Depends: python (= 2.7.2-7ubuntu2), python2.7-dev (>= 2.7.2-3~)
Filename: pool/main/p/python-defaults/python-dev_2.7.2-7ubuntu2_all.deb
Size: 1008
MD5sum: d8ef295ca23c3f46298daaa0ccb25403
SHA1: 057d3802fb2afb2a4f85906d65fcb2589568a377
SHA256: 1f5340056e70d6ff573e43f42365b1fd96cee7870ec6ed42c3be4eba6216a092
Description-en: header files and a static library for Python (default)
 Header files, a static library and development tools for building
 Python modules, extending the Python interpreter or embedding Python
 in applications.
 .
 This package is a dependency package, which depends on Debian's default
 Python version (currently v2.7).
Homepage: http://www.python.org/
Description-md5: 93a1917c3f17606b40377d0b737c6c92
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Origin: Ubuntu
Supported: 18m

The Depends: line shows that it will install python2.7-dev, so you can just install python-dev.

Since I already had the correct packages installed, I could use locate Python.h and then dpkg -S /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h to find the package that contains Python.h.


Option "Install alongside Windows 10" doesn't appear when installing Ubuntu 14.04

I had the same issue. The option of "Install alongside windows10" didn't appear while installing Ubuntu 16.04.

The problem was the Ubuntu ISO image on my USB drive was NOT UEFI bootable.  I reformatted my USB that will be able to boot a UEFI system.

I used Rufus to create a UEFI bootable USB stick
(Note: If you are using fixed disks/hard drives, try Alt - F in Rufus to enable it's detection)

After I did this, it worked perfectly!! I was able to install Ubuntu along-side windows!


xfce4-notifyd doesn't start automatically, and I don't know how to start it

Notifications are handled by the xfce4-notifyd systemd service. To manually start the notification service, run:
$ systemctl start xfce4-notifyd.service


Allow domain to be accessed from local area network instead of IP address using Dnsmasq

This is a NAT loopback / NAT hairpinning issue. I finally got this working by installing DD WRT on a router, enabling NAT loopback, and some basic config setup. There are some routers that support NAT loopback as well.


"failed to create symbolic link" error when updating initramfs

It would seem that there is a bug in whatever package update-initramfs is running the update for, where it is trying to generate the cdrom.mount symbolic link at the wrong path, /root/lib/systemd/system/, rather than at /lib/systemd/system/.

Which package is causing this? We need more information.

I have discovered that if you manually create that empty folder structure under /root before running anything, it will then create a cdrom.mount symbolic link there during the update. I would assume that one might even think to manually copy that symbolic link over to /lib/systemd/system/. I tried that, but I don't know if doing it actually fixes any problems.


Very simple with bash parameter expansion:

#!/bin/bash
cd folder2
for i in *; do
    cp "../folder1/${i%.*}.jpg" .
done

Handles spaces, newlines, and whatever other weird characters you throw at it.

Also, if you have more file types than .jpg that you want to copy, you can replace the cp command above with this one (note the final * goes outside the quotes):

    cp "../folder1/${i%.*}."* .

If you have files with multiple extensions (such as .tar.gz) and you want to strip them all, change the % to %%.


How can I make my left/right monitor configuration stick after a restart

Monitor configurations on second monitors, as set in Monitors, often are not remembered after restart.

With the script below, you can define which of your monitors should be the left one on startup. It will top alline both monitors in a left/right setup.

The used commands are xrandr commands to position the screens in the spanning area of the two screens (see the link in "Notes").

Script to set up left/right monitor on startup

Since the commands to run depend on the current situation and which of your screens you actually want to have on the right/left, you'll need a script to check your screens, their horizontal resolutions, create the correct commands and automatically set up the desired situation on startup.

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import sys

left = sys.argv[1]

# get the data on screens and resolutions, parsed from xrandr
current = [l.split() for l in subprocess.check_output(["xrandr"]).decode("utf-8").splitlines()]
# find the name(s), x-res of the screen(s)
screens = [
    (l[l.index("connected")-1], [s.split("x")[0] for s in l if s.count("+") == 2][0]) \
    for l in current if "connected" in l
    ]
# set up screen positions from left to right (important)
if left == screens[0][0]:
    subprocess.call(["xrandr", "--output", screens[0][0], "--pos", "0x0"])
    subprocess.call(["xrandr", "--output", screens[1][0], "--pos", screens[0][1]+"x0"])
elif left == screens[1][0]:
    subprocess.call(["xrandr", "--output",  screens[1][0], "--pos", "0x0"])
    subprocess.call(["xrandr", "--output",  screens[0][0], "--pos", screens[1][1]+"x0"])

How to use it

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as setup_monitors.py
Open a terminal window, run the command xrandr
In the output, two lines (if your second monitor is connected) will contain the names of your "connected" screens. The names look like: DVI-I-1 or VGA-0. Make an educated guess which is the one you want on the left.
Run the script (from a terminal) by the command:

python3 /path/to/setup_monitors.py <left_screen>

e.g.:

python3 /path/to/setup_monitors.py DVI-I-1

Test the command on both screens. The screens will black out for a second and be configurated.
If all works fine, add a command to your Startup Applications: choose Dash > Startup Applications > Add the command

/bin/bash -c "sleep 15 && python3 /path/to/setup_monitors.py DVI-I-1"

Note

The sleep is specifically needed for xrandr commands when a second monitor is involved. If the script (actually the commands inside it) run too early, the desktop is not fully loaded yet and the commands will either break or miss their target.
See also here for more info on what the command(s) inside the script are doing.


How do I know how much was written to an SSD over its lifetime?

Run the command smartctl -data -A /dev/sda (replace sda with whichever drive your SSD is.

Depending on which SSD you have, the amount of writes may show as one of the values along with wear indicator or life left information.


alias is actually built in to your shell environment (which is bash by default). To learn more about it, run man bash and then search for the alias builtin by typing /alias<ENTER>. (/ to tell man to search again).

A few tidbits I have come to learn about alias:

To run a command in its original form, run \command
Aliases do not work in shell scripts
Functions are preferred to aliases in most cases due to the higher flexability, but aliases are still useful for simple renames or common switches
Add your aliases to the end of your ~/.bashrc (or ~/.zshrc, or whatever)


Systemd does socket activation, so that the service is started when the socket comes into use. Due to this, you may not actually see an sshd process running after you reboot. Actually sshing to the system should start the daemon.


"Can't install libgconf-2-4 (3.2.6-2ubuntu1)" while trying to install Spotify

If your purpose is to install Spotify, try the following commands:
Press Ctrl+Alt+T to launch the terminal, paste these commands on the terminal (Ctrl+Shift+V) and hit Enter.

Add the Spotify repository signing key to be able to verify downloaded packages

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys BBEBDCB318AD50EC6865090613B00F1FD2C19886

Add the Spotify repository

echo deb http://repository.spotify.com stable non-free | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/spotify.list

Update list of available packages

sudo apt-get update

Install Spotify

sudo apt-get install spotify-client

Download and install libcrypt

wget http://security.debian.org/debian-security/pool/updates/main/libg/libgcrypt11/libgcrypt11_1.5.0-5+deb7u3_amd64.deb

sudo dpkg -i libgcrypt11_1.5.0-5+deb7u3_amd64.deb

If it does not work, uninstall Spotify

sudo apt-get purge spotify*

And start from step 1.

If it still doesn't work, then you might need to run the following commands. Beware this will delete configuration files. Assuming this is Gnome 3:

rm -rf .gnome .gnome2 .gconf .gconfd .metacity .cache .dbus .dmrc .mission-control .thumbnails ~/.config/dconf/user ~.compiz*

You can back up and reset configuration files with:

mkdir ./.old-gnome-config/ && mv ./.gnome* ./.old-gnome-config/ && mv .gconf* ./.old-gnome-config/ && mv ./.metacity ./.old-gnome-config/ && mv ./.cache ./.old-gnome-config/ && mv ./.dbus ./.old-gnome-config/ && mv ./.dmrc ./.old-gnome-config/ && mv ./.mission-control ./.old-gnome-config/ && mv ./.thumbnails ./.old-gnome-config/   && mv ~/.config/dconf/* ./.old-gnome-config/


Cannot access secondary GPU running Bumblebee

Only for ubuntu 13.10

sudo apt-get install nvidia-319-updates nvidia-settings-319-updates

Then you need to edit /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf

KernelDriver=nvidia_319_updates
LibraryPath=/usr/lib/nvidia-319-updates:/usr/lib32/nvidia-319-updates
XorgModulePath=/usr/lib/nvidia-319-updates/xorg,/usr/lib/xorg/modules
Driver=nvidia

Restart bumblebee

sudo service bumblebeed restart

Now try :

optirun /usr/bin/<app>


ubuntu 14.10 wireless driver not working, dual boot with windows 7

Please obtain a temporary internet connection, open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

Reboot and your wireless should be working.

'Additional Drivers' is incorrect for your 14e4:4315 device.

If you have no internet capability, then do the purge step and then download this on some other computer: https://www.dropbox.com/s/7exlzch25ap6uha/b43.zip?dl=0 Transfer it on a USB or similar to your Ubuntu computer and drop it on your desktop. Right-click it and select 'Extract Here.' Now, in the terminal:

sudo mkdir /lib/firmware/b43
sudo cp ~/Desktop/b43/*  /lib/firmware/b43

Reboot.


13.10 how to remove COMPLETELY facebook?

You just have to enter the online accounts menu and delete your facebook account, you can also disable the websites integration addon in Firefox.


Is there any eraser button in libreoffice

In LibreOffice Writer in its Table Toolbar there is a merge-button.

If I understand it well, that's what the eraser button in ms word is supposed to do do.: erase the cell border, so that the cells are merged.

(I don't use ms word, so I can be wrong.)

As hmayag writes: install LibreOffice on a windows pc, and give it a try.


The over-700MB iso isn't a bug. Bootable USB drives are very convenient!

Look in your Dash for "Startup Disk Creator" (If non-Unity, then it's in the System menu)

The application asks you two questions: Where is the .iso? And which USB drive?
It's very easy and straightforward.

Good luck!


Linux kernel upgrade to 3.11.4 in Ubuntu 13.04

After booting (in the GRUB menu) select

  Advanced options for Ubuntu

There you will find several older kernels to boot from. Try one after another until you find one where the apparent graphics problem doesn't hit you.


Cannot find the package to unsinstall it

You get this error, because someone added this repository to your sources.list

If you want to get rid of the error there are two ways to solve:

First one is to remove this repository if you do not plan to use it. It is not a default repo lubuntu comes with.

You can carefully edit the file

/etc/apt/sources.list

And remove the corresponding line.

The second approach is to add the public key for this repoitory if you plan to use it in future.

About the uninstallation of the geosuite package - first you need to know it's name. You can try:

apt-cache search geosuite

And then

sudo apt-get purge <package-name>


sendmail gives empty recipients in email

I'd put the recipients in the message and use sendmail's -t flag:

#Email Settings
Message_Success="Database Backup generated successfully"
Message_Failure="Problem occured while generating Database Backup please verify"
Subject="Database Backup Status Mail"
Sender_Name=DatabaseBackup
Recipients="tarun@gmail.com,user1@gmail.com"

sendmail -F $Sender_Name -it <<END_MESSAGE
To: $Recipients
Subject: $Subject

$Message_Success
END_MESSAGE


How do I remove the Me-User-Indicator from the Panel?

How to

Install dconf-tools and then run dconf-editor from Alt+F2
logout and login


I recently replaced the original wifi card

And next:

  I have to be within a distance of 1 meter to the icon show 4 bars. If the distance is greater, it will already reduce to 3 bars.

You have the telltale signs of a loose or disconnected antenna wire. Please note that these devices have two connectors: https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/81Q1EQ20OTL.SY450.jpg In the linked image, they are at the upper right and marked 1 and 2. Both must be firmly connected and snapped in place securely.

I suggest that you retrace your steps and check the antenna wires.


Upgrade to 12.04 Failed due to held back packages

I had this problem too on my Lenovo Thinkpad due to ppa graphics dirvers. I solved it by installing ppa-purge and then removing the https://launchpad.net/~oibaf/+archive/graphics-drivers ppa:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge

sudo ppa-purge ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers


Difference between terminal and terminator

The fact that who -m (or equivalently who am i) does not work in gnome-terminal is due to a bug (or some would say a feature) in gnome-terminal. Specifically, gnome-terminal fails to write an appropriate entry to /var/run/utmp, which is what /usr/bin/who looks at. The people in charge of gnome-terminal decided, perhaps for good reasons or bad ones, not to support this feature any more. See their discussion here: https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=747046


got a Sony Laptop, well this is a bit tricky, got Politics written all over it.

Ive got Ubuntu 13.04 installed on a brand new Sony laptop works extremely well in all parts but the backlight, but working on that. ( after reboot OS does not remember the level of backlight)
But like i said, everything else works more than good, well over to the problem:

Microsoft nowaday feels threatend by the better OS like Ubuntu (Linux), so in an attempt to stop us from choosing the OS we want, they have come up with something new, to stop us from installing Ubuntu alongside Windows, in the BIOS they have created a new way to boot up, so far only microsofts products are allowed in something they call UEFI, well even if the laptops are delivered with this option live, sinply go in to BIOS mode ((if you do not know  what youre doing get proffessional help with this) might destroy your computer, so be safe)) change this from uefi to (legacy) might be different depending on manufacturer.

Disclaimer, all of this is on your own responcebility....
Be aware that some manufacturers might not recognice their warranty after you have fiddled whit the OS / BIOS So choose manufactor wisely

Now boot Ubuntu from USB and install it, take caution so that you dont erase your Windows partition, might come in handy in the futture....

You will now get a BOOTUP start menu, simply choose Ubuntu and its on. If you want to start Microsoft Windows, until this time you will have to change the BIOS Legacy back to UEFI and it works.... Will proberbly solve this glitsh in the future, but for now..


Unable to figure out the file/folders permission in Ubuntu

A good practice (not only with Linux systems) is to create a group and a folder writable for the group.

For example.
The group of car fans is carfans and the folder will be /home/Carfans
the user accounts concerned will be added to the group and will receive de facto write permissions to the folder.

sudo groupadd carfans
sudo mkdir /home/Carfans

# Apply filesystem security
sudo chgrp -R carfans /home/Carfans
sudo chmod -R 2775 /home/Carfans
## 2 turns on the setGID, created items inside the folder will inherit the same group
## 77 read write & execute for owner (root) and group (carfans)
## 5 read & execute for others (set 0 if no other allowed)

# Add the users to the group
sudo usermod -a -G carfans gaurav
sudo usermod -a -G carfans Ironman


Proftpd - (Login failed): Invalid shell: '/dev/null'

Maybe the person who configured the account was just as misguided when assigning a home directory as they were when they assigned the shell.

That could explain why it's failing to chdir when they successfully log in to the FTP service.

grep [username] /etc/passwd will show if the user's home directory was set as inappropriately as the shell. sudo usermod -d /home/[username] -s /usr/sbin/nologin [username] could set a sane shell and home for the account. You might also need to sudo mkdir -p /home/[username] and sudo chown [username] /home/[username].


How well does the Dell Inspiron Duo work?

It works, but make sure to test your system to make sure all the hardware works, and it doesn't have the Dell power loss issue before putting Ubuntu on it. If you don't, then Dell tech support's sock puppets in India will act like Ubuntu caused the problem and it'll take a lot of arguing to get them to even consider it being a hardware problem.

You'll know you've got the issue if it randomly switches off at the BIOS screen.

There's a thread in the Ubuntu forums about getting the touch screen working; it seems like the driver requires manual installation and a little (fairly simple) configuration. The only thing that doesn't seem to work at all is the accelerometer, which doesn't have a driver as of this writing. If you like Kubuntu, there's even a script under development to switch between Plasma Desktop with the keyboard unfolded, and Plasma Netbook when its in tablet mode.


"Save Image As" fails for certain Google search image previews, using Firefox

This issue is completely reproducible. The first link links to a Sega Master System webpage containing a poster image. The second link links to a gallery page at https://imgur.com/ image hosting website. Firefox is able to automatically find the link to the second image on imgur and download it. Firefox can also automatically find and download images from gallery pages at Flickr and Pinterest image hosting websites, but it can't do the same thing if the image is embedded on many other webpages.

To save this image, right-click the image and from the pop-up context menu select View Image. Then right-click the image obtained by View Image and select Save Image As... to save the image. This will save a huge image with tiny writing on it which is clearly readable in the saved image.


create a desktop shortcut icon for studio.sh

To create a desktop file do this:

Open Gedit.
Paste the following into the file, editing the relevant parts:

#!/usr/bin/env xdg-open
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Icon=someicon
Exec=sh /path/to/studio.sh
Name=Android Studio

Now, save this file as somename.desktop, to your desktop.
Next, you need to make this file executable by typing the command:

cd ~/Desktop && chmod a+x somename.desktop

Now, double-clicking the application should launch your application.


is there a way to run starcraft 2 without a virtualbox using windows using ubuntu 14.0.4?

You never said you tried star craft 2 with WINE just try it and see if it works i downloaded start craft 2 on my HP 14 chromebook with WINE ill show you how to download everything

1.First download Ubuntu software-center by going in the ubuntu terminal or Xterm type in

Sudo apt-get install software-center it should take around 3 minutes

open software center and search up java it should be the first one called something like javajdk 7 click install and type in your password.
Open software center and search up wine download PlayOnlinux or something like that,the first one, and wine tricks (sometimes you cant see that if you cant then it may install when you install the first one)
Now go on the website and make a account (if you haven't) then download the file it should be a .exe file once done drag and drop the file to your desktop (optional) then right click it and if it says execute press it but if it does't click on properties then permissions and click execute.
Once executed right click it again and open with WINE next steps should be straight forward.


Get one element of path string using bash

Use cut:

$ cat filelist.txt
./first/example1/path
./second/example1/path
./third/example2/path

$ cut -d/ -f2 filelist.txt
first
second
third

$ cut -d/ -f3 filelist.txt
example1
example1
example2

The -d/ sets the column delimiter to / and the -f2 selects the 2nd column.

You can of course also use Bash variables instead of a file name or pipe data into the cut command:

cut -d/ -f3 $MyVariable
echo ./another/example/path | cut -d/ -f3


Native AAA games coming to Ubuntu. Where they will be installed?

Firstly, (almost) any part of the filesystem can be moved to another disk, providing the appropriate /etc/fstab rules are set up so it is mounted at boot; /home on a separate disk is not uncommon, but there is no reason not to do the same for /opt or /usr.

As to where they will be installed, I don't know. I think the recent humble bundle et al games have mostly installed in /opt (can anyone confirm?).

In the L4D2 case I assume this will arrive along with steam for linux, and hence the installation will presumably not be managed by apt but the steam installer will create its own managed install area somewhere (as with Program Files\Steam\steamapps on windows) - perhaps this will be configurable, but we can't really say until we get to see it.


for Arc-Theme, in Ubuntu 18.04.

Ubuntu 18.04 change Login Screen theme (not wallpaper) following this Answer and Warnings in it.

I have tried to change login & lock screen themes same as User Shell Theme Arc-Theme

when you download the arc-theme from https://github.com/horst3180/arc-theme github.
simplfy it like below

this Arc-Theme is lacking content for some keys for Onscreen-Keyboard.

so, i have adapted that from default file /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css

copy the lines 1549 to 1566 from /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css and paste under line number 1708 in /usr/share/themes/Arc-Theme/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css

  .keyboard-key.default-key {
    border-color: #32322d;
    background-color: #20201d;
    background-size: 20px; }
  .keyboard-key.enter-key {
    border-color: #dd4814;
    background-color: #e95420;
    background-image: url("resource:///org/gnome/shell/theme/key-enter.svg"); }
  .keyboard-key.shift-key-lowercase {
    background-image: url("resource:///org/gnome/shell/theme/key-shift.svg"); }
  .keyboard-key.shift-key-uppercase {
    background-image: url("key-shift-uppercase.svg"); }
  .keyboard-key.shift-key-uppercase:latched {
    background-image: url("key-shift-latched-uppercase.svg"); }
  .keyboard-key.hide-key {
    background-image: url("resource:///org/gnome/shell/theme/key-hide.svg"); }
  .keyboard-key.layout-key {
    background-image: url("resource:///org/gnome/shell/theme/key-layout.svg"); }

save the file & close.

now run the below command:

sudo rm /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css && sudo ln -s /usr/share/themes/Arc-Theme/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css

Example:

pratap@i7-4770:~$ sudo rm /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css && sudo ln -s /usr/share/themes/Arc-Theme/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css
[sudo] password for pratap:
pratap@i7-4770:~$

now copy the 3 folders common-assets, dark-assets & light-assets from /usr/share/themes/Arc-Theme/gnome-shell/ to /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/

now copy paste all the content from /usr/share/themes/Arc-Theme/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css to /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css file replacing the data in ubuntu.css file.

save the file, close & shutdown

fresh start the system to see the change.

Lock Screen animation:

Login Screen Pictures:


Separate internal HDD for specific Home folders?

What you want can easily be achieved.

All you need to do is create a mount point to that disk (gparted is the easiest tool for that). If you already have a mount point setting the directories up can be done with  .config/user-dirs.dirs. Full content:

# This file is written by xdg-user-dirs-update
# If you want to change or add directories, just edit the line you're
# interested in. All local changes will be retained on the next run
# Format is XDG_xxx_DIR="$HOME/yyy", where yyy is a shell-escaped
# homedir-relative path, or XDG_xxx_DIR="/yyy", where /yyy is an
# absolute path. No other format is supported.
#
XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Desktop"
XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$HOME/Downloads"
XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/Templates"
XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR="$HOME/Public"
XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="$HOME/Documents"
XDG_MUSIC_DIR="$HOME/Music"
XDG_PICTURES_DIR="$HOME/Pictures"
XDG_VIDEOS_DIR="$HOME/Videos"

Change $HOME for the mount point. You can use /discworld/$HOME/Downloads for instance where /discworld is the mount point.

Tip: keep a copy of user-dirs.dirs on your partition so you can copy/paste it when you re-install your system.


Add the PPA to your software sources you need to open a new Terminal and run this command:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:openshot.developers/ppa

Next, refresh your package lists and install the app:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install openshot-qt


do service docker stop before moving the folder
if placing /var/lib/docker somewhere else, use a bind mount , e.g. mount -o bind /external/disk/docker /var/lib/docker , also "protect" the folder from files being written before mount with chattr +i  /Var/lib/docker
it is always better to start your container again from a compose file or docker pull the image , since you might have messed up the overlay with your described steps
folder size also comes from docker filesystems implementation , whereas filesystem is pulled as archive and then extracted
7GB is unlikely large for a docker image
if you have large amount of  build cache / dangling images / stopped containers  docker system prune -a is your friend


After update trying to connect to wireless but I am already connected wired

Disable the Wi-Fi in your network settings.


Only 3.2 Gb of memory being used on a 64-bit system

After chatting with stee1rat, it turned out that his Dell inspiron 530 was using an old (v1.0.3) BIOS, which had a wrong memory map, which causes the BIOS to only recognize 3.2GB of the installed 4GB of RAM.  The memory map was supposedly fixed in v1.0.12 and newer of the BIOS, which can be found at Dell's FTP site (look for 530_10xx.EXE, where xx defines v1.0.xx).

Direct link

Unfortunately, despite our best efforts, it appears that using the .EXE to update the BIOS from within FreeDOS is not possible.  The only option appears to be to try install the BIOS from within Microsoft Windows.


How can I use one mouse with two computers via Logitech's Unifying receiver and easy-switch technology?

Oh, never mind. One has to pair the peripherals with the receivers, but each receiver to different channel on the mouse. There are three channels, 1, 2 and 3 and oine can switch between them using the button at the bottom of the mouse. Receiver on my ubuntu needs to be paired with channel and receiver on the Pi needs to be paired with channel number two on the mouse - and then it works. Silly me.


ext[34] `commit` option and filesystem integrity

It shouldn't result in file system corruption (it is a journaling file system, after all), but it may result in lost work.

The reason for the behaviour is that spinning up the disk uses power, and by waiting longer before performing a journal commit it may be possible to perform multiple writes in one go, resulting in fewer spin ups and better battery life.

If this is causing problems for you, you can alter the commit interval when on battery.  The changes are performed by the pm-utils package, so create a file under /etc/pm/config.d/ (the name doesn't matter) with the following contents:

JOURNAL_COMMIT_TIME_BAT=300

The above sets the timeout to 5 minutes.  You can tweak it as needed.


if you look at the output command, you have installed isc-dhcp-server instead of dhcp3-server. So all you have to do is

sudo apt-get remove isc-dhcp-server


Store the return string to a variable from zenity

Try this:

inputStr=$(zenity --entry --title="My Title" --text="My Text:")

to show the content of the variable again you can use this:

zenity --info --title="My Title" --text="Your input was: $inputStr"

(Where $inputStr is the variable in which value form zenity --entry will be stored. You can get its value via echo $inputStr)


14.10 apt-get unable to locate package libopenal-dev in chroot

That's a simple fix. Just copy the contents of /etc/apt/sources.list from outside chroot, then log-in back to chroot and open up /etc/apt/sources.list (inside chroot) and paste the contents. You just need to do sudo apt-get update inside chroot and you're ready to apt-get install libopenal-dev.


Unable to get audio output from paired Bluetooth device

Edit /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf and under [General], add the line Enable=Source. Restart Blueooth. It's worked for me. (Ubuntu 13.04)


Google Chrome keeps launching old version after update

This happened to me and I resolved it with

killall chrome

Others have suggested that a reboot solves the problem.

Apparently there is some residual of the old version still running, despite the uninstall.


Is there any open source software similar as Instagram

Shotwell. It is the default photo manager in Ubuntu 11.04.

  Through the use of plugins, Shotwell
  can publish photos and videos to the
  following services, each of which
  requires an account:

  Facebook
  Flickr
  Picasa Web Albums
  YouTube (videos only)
  Yandex.Fotki, a photo site popular in Russia (photos only)
  Any site running the Piwigo photo gallery software (photos only)


How do I get my VirtualBox to load into the system I already installed?

Seems the the installation ISO/CD is still attached to the Virtual Machine and it is still booting from it.

Check your virtual machine settings and unlink the CD/ISO image.


Configure requires a working autoconf/pkg-config

I would recommend to get build-dependencies first and then compile new version.
Use
sudo apt-get build-dep libdmtx-dev

and then compile newer version. Installation with CheckInstall is also recommended.


Mounting NAS for plex media server on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

This is just a wild guess, but I had a similar issue with a NAS and the CIFS version. Try to specify the version of the CIFS in /etc/fstab (and also start with read-only for testing):

//nas_srv/folder /mnt/folder cifs uid=1000,username=yyy,password=xxx,vers=1.0,ro


One of the dependencies of postfixadmin is libapache2-mod-php5 | php5-cgi | php5. libapache2-mod-php5 depends on apache2, as you might expect. php5 depends on libapache2-mod-php5. php5-cgi, on the other hand, does not depend on anything Apache.

Therefore, if you install php5-cgi first and then install postfixadmin, Apache won't be installed.


Uncertainty about reinstallation of 16.04 on lvm partition

Using LVM, it is suggested to use "Something else" option to manually erase and resize the partition.  ref Step 18: Installation type Erase Disk and install Ubuntu


New install of Ubuntu 12.04 shuts down after 5 minutes

Problem solved, it was a hardware issue. The power button is faulty and was sending shutdown signals. I worked it out when I finally walked away from the computer and it started turning itself on as well. I'm using 2 loose ends of wire as my power switch in the meantime until I can source a new power switch for my case.


Linux Kernel -- I messed up removing old versions

I fixed it manually by:

STEP 1:

sudo cp /var/lib/dpkg/status /var/lib/dpkg/status.bak

gksu gedit /var/lib/dpkg/status

manually delete entries fo 3.19.0-21-generic and 3.19.0-22-generic
save

STEP 2:

sudo rm -r '/lib/modules/3.19.0-21-generic'

sudo rm -r '/lib/modules/3.19.0-22-generic'

Then I ran an sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get upgrade.  All now working!


Try with sudo like this:

sudo lshw -c network

It will output only information related to your network devices (eth+wlan)