Proprietary Nvidia drivers cause screen tearing in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

First follow the previous post for re-installing your drivers, then try the below.

Duplicate:

Two steps that solved the problem for me on my gtx 960 on Kubuntu 14.04

1st try adding this to your xorg.conf file @ /etc/X11/

Section "Screen"

Option         "metamodes" "nvidia-auto-select +0+0 {ForceFullComposition = On}"

If that works only sometimes or distorts clarity on internet or game video then add this and it should make a big difference and hopefully permanent fix.

Section "Screen"

Option         "TripleBuffer" "1"

You can check out my research here-askubuntu.


What CD (iso) did you download exactly ? It should contain a file "wubi.exe". Put the iso on a flash drive or CD and run wubi.exe

Alternately, you can use the wubi page directly:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/windows-installer


Xubuntu 20.04 xfce4 Weather Plugin 0.10.1 = No Data

I had the same problem with Cinnamon 19. It updated xfce so I could get any fixed packaged version of the weather update. So I downloaded the code and build it like described here
In case you get stuck, I would pass the deb package I've created for you to use.


First thing to look at,

Disk /dev/vdc doesn't contain a valid partition table

So you probably still need to make a partition with the help of fdisk. Please see check the following article on how to do so. It explains it, step-by-step.

how to use fdisk to manage partitions on linux (howtogeek.com)

It uses /dev/sda as the partition in the examples, just change that to /dev/vdc. The article ends with setting up the filesystem with mkfs.ext4, so you should be pretty much setup after this.

As for mounting the new partition, please check these first if still needed:

Fstab
&
AutomaticallyMountPartitions


Install Wallch or Variety.

Installing Variety in Ubuntu 14.04 or 16.04
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:peterlevi/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install variety
link: http://www.hecticgeek.com/2016/05/install-variety-ubuntu-16-04/
Installing Wallch in
(i)Ubuntu 16.04
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wallch/wallch-daily
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wallch
link: http://sourcedigit.com/19635-install-wallch-wallpaper-changer-on-ubuntu-16-04/
(ii)Ubuntu 14.04
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wallch/wallch-4.0
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wallch
link: http://www.infoworld.com/article/2695881/install-wallch-4-5-wallpaper-changer-in-ubuntu-14-04.html


How can I make a bootable USB ubuntu live disk for a Mac using Ubuntu?

I realize I am responding to a four year old question, but what the heck, why not.

Use YUMI to "burn" an Ubuntu ISO to the flash drive. You can then boot from it on the Mac.


No problem at all. But you need to install Windows first so grub can identify it and add an entry for it in the menu.

You can find further information about dual booting here:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot


Look for the PID of the process and then ls -l /proc/<pid>/exe.
This tell you the name of the binary that's executed.


Webcam in VirtualBox (Ubuntu Guest/Ubuntu Host)

Late to the party, but I hope this helps someone out there:

On virtualbox 5.0.14 on Ubuntu Host, with Windows 10 Guest. Should work for Ubuntu or whatnot as guest.

Follow the steps found on Virtualbox Manual

TL;DR:

Do below when the guest OS is running.

~$ VBoxManage list webcams
Video Input Devices: 1
.1 "USB 2.0 Webcam Device"
/dev/video0
~$ VBoxManage controlvm "Windows10" webcam attach /dev/video0

In this case,

my guest OS is Windows10
the host path or identifier pointing to the host webcam is /dev/video0
using default framerate for host Webcam


Ubuntu 18.04 Netplan subnet routing (virbr0)

From https://netplan.io/examples

Bridging

To create a very simple bridge consisting of a single device that uses DHCP, write:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  bridges:
    br0:
      dhcp4: yes
      interfaces:
        - enp3s0

A more complex example, to get libvirtd to use a specific bridge with a tagged vlan, while continuing to provide an untagged interface as well would involve:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp0s25:
      dhcp4: true
  bridges:
    br0:
      addresses: [ 10.3.99.25/24 ]
      interfaces: [ vlan15 ]
  vlans:
    vlan15:
      accept-ra: no
      id: 15
      link: enp0s25

Then libvirtd would be configured to use this bridge by adding the following content to a new XML file under /etc/libvirtd/qemu/networks/. The name of the bridge in the tag as well as in need to match the name of the bridge device configured using netplan:

<network>
  <name>br0</name>
  <bridge name='br0'/>
  <forward mode="bridge"/>
</network>


How do I configure the entries that appear in the BURG menu?

You can add this ppa:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer

And install grub-customizer:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

It's a GUI to manage both, grub and burg.


How do I remote into my current windows session in Unity on Ubuntu 14.04?

You can install x11vnc

sudo apt install x11vnc

When you run it it will not create a new X11 session but use the existing one.

To connect to the display :0 you need to connect to port 5900.


DELL 3180 built in card reader not reading 128GB sd card

Further research revealed this is a known bug with the realtek rts_usb driver.
I found a fix that works with my dell i3180 here:

https://github.com/asymingt/rts5139

I case someone else has this problem and is looking for a fix.


exportfs must be redone after every boot

Kludged it by replacing names in the export file with the LAN base address/24.

Example:  instead of /a_directory somehost(rw,sync,...),
/a_directory 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,...)

This is fine on a home LAN with just one naive user and me, but is not a secure solution in a business network.


The file /usr/local/bin/mkyaffs2image doesn't exist, just like the error message is telling you.

Check whether this is true by using ls :

ls /usr/local/bin/mkyaffs2image

If you get a "No such file or directory" error, then the file really doesn't exist.

The sudo chmod command that you're using is trying to change the permissions of the two files /usr/local/bin/mkimage, which does exist, and /usr/local/bin/mkyaffs2image, which doesn't.

Maybe you have a typo in the mkyaffs2image filename, or perhaps the instructions you're following are not correct. Alternatively, if you have the file somewhere on your system, you should move it to /usr/local/bin/.


I found that installing cabal took up a lot of disk space in my VM, so I prefer to use the deb that the pandoc developers provide. Here's what I do to download and install the current deb (for pandoc v15.1.1):

sudo wget https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/releases/download/1.15.1/pandoc-1.15.1-1-amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i pandoc-1.15.1-1-amd64.deb

You can check the latest release numbers here: https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/releases/


How can I fake HiDPI so I can test my application on it?

For testing you can create a virtual machine with any desired screen geometry. See these answers on how to do this with Virtual Box:

Can I screen record an ubuntu VM in virtualbox at 4k when my host system is 1080p?
Adjusting display geometry in a virtual machine?


Is it possible to backup all my Nautilus personalized icons?

I've ended up creating a script to solve my problem. That's not exactly a backup solution but it works for me.

#!/bin/bash

folderToBeUpdated="$HOME/folderToInsertIconsRecursively"
iconsFolder="$HOME/.icons"

file="$(mktemp)"

# Generate a recursive list of all folders and files inside the folder $folderToBeUpdated
ls -R "$folderToBeUpdated" | awk '
/:$/&&f{s=$0;f=0}
/:$/&&!f{sub(/:$/,"");s=$0;f=1;next}
NF&&f{ print s"/"$0 }' > $file

# Start inserting icons dynamically on files and folders
while IFS='' read -r line || [[ -n "$line" ]]; do
   folderName="$(basename "${line}")"
   pathName="$(dirname "${line}")"
   if [ -f "$iconsFolder"/"$folderName".png ]
   then
   gvfs-set-attribute -t string "$pathName/$folderName" metadata::custom-icon "file://$iconsFolder/$folderName.png"
   fi
done < $file

The idea of this script is that we need to give it the path of two folders:

The path of a folder full of icons (iconsFolder)
The path of the folder we wish to put icons recursively  (folderToBeUpdated)

The script will check the icons and the folders with the same name and then it will insert icons on specific folders in case that's true, e.g a folder inside folderToBeUpdated is called example and I have an icon called example.png inside my iconsFolder, so the icon example.png will be inserted as the folder example's icon (if the name isn't the same the script won't do anything).

PS: It's necessary to press F5 after running the script in order to see the icons.

That's just a functional script but it turns out to be useful because I can easily replicate my icons on different computers. In any case, if anyone knows a way to do backups of icons in a more convenient way, feel free to write a new answer or give suggestions in the comments.


If you think the graphics driver is to blame try installing properitary drivers. You can try loading the kernel in recovery mode and select Additional Drivers for your graphics card. Look at accepted answer to this question for more details: Ubuntu 14.04 LTS crashes after login


open wifi Captive portal w/only local net (no internet/wan)?

Having just completed a similar project, I suggest you do the following:

install your preferred flavour of Ubuntu
open up a terminal

  sudo apt-get install lamp-server^

  sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin

create your webpage (I used wordpress), and have apache2 configure it

  sudo apt-get install dnsmasq

edit the /etc/dnsmasq.conf to listen on your IP
insert the line address=/#/webserverIP

now anyone connecting to your hotspot will be redirected to the page you created, so long as they do not have "/" in the address.
facebook.com will redirect. facebook.com/xyz will not.
I'm still trying to find an answer for that bit.


How to add an IP alias on a bridged interface?

Add the next lines to your br0 configuration (e.g. after bridge_fd 0):

up /sbin/ip addr add 10.0.2.254/24 dev br0
down /sbin/ip addr del 10.0.2.254/24 dev br0

When the interface is brought up, the IP address 10.0.2.254 is added to device br0. Similarly, the address is removed when the interface goes down.


How to install uTorrent on Ubuntu? - Method Fail

First of all, is uTorrent absolutely necessary? I highly reccommend Transmission, as it is open source, ad free, and uTorrent has recently been under controversy for bundling a botnet with one particular install.

If it is necessary, then run sudo rm /usr/bin/utserver and then

sudo ln -s /opt/utorrent-server-alpha-v3_3/utserver /usr/bin/utserver


How would I display the lines that do not have certain letters?

Just use invert matching:

grep -v "[ab]" filename

Source: man page for grep


Installing Ubuntu without ruining Windows 10 installation

Please see my answer here for a similar example.

Let me preface this by saying always backup your system, especially before undergoing hard drive changes.

The general process of what you are looking to do is to first partition your current hard drive which you can do in your already install Windows 10 system, and then install Ubuntu to the new partition.

However, if you have no way to backup your system, I would highly recommend virtualizing Ubuntu within your Windows 10 install so that you can play around with it safely without fear of breaking anything. Again, see my above linked answer for more information and feel free to ask any questions you may have.


How to boot between windows 10 and ubuntu without reboot?

You can not do that.

If you want to visit your neighbor you have to leave your home and enter his place. You can not be at both places at the same time.


I have had this problem before, and it occurred only when I was too quick to insert the other card. The usual solution was to wait about 10 seconds and then insert the other card.

You can also just simply wait for the operations related to the drive to be completed, and then you can simply pull out the first card, wait a few seconds, and insert another.


The GUI browsers (such as FIrefox) can open a URL but curl timesout

I'm not sure why you're getting a timeout.  Oddly the tcp connection is successful, but the ALPN extension to TLS is whats causing the timeout.  You're not getting an ALPN response.  Perhaps its transient?  You could try adding the option --no-alpn also.  Regardless, for curl to retrieve the file you want, you will need the -L option to follow redirects.  The following works for me: curl -vvvL https://packages.gitlab.com/gitlab/gitlab-ce/ubuntu/dists/xenial/InRelease


This issue is usually caused by some faulty usb device. The device that causes the problem could be any one, not just the drive that doesn't mount. So first, try to disconnect all the other usb devices and check if the drive works that way.

If nothing works, you can try this workaround. Just type this into the console.

cd /sys/bus/pci/drivers/ehci_hcd/
sudo sh -c 'find ./ -name "0000:00:*" -print| sed "s/\.\///">unbind'

Note that will make all the usb devices on your computer go to 1.1 mode: the data transfer speed will be terrible.

There is bug report about this issue, if you want to follow it.


FAILING: matlab r2016a installation on linux

The error message itself tells you to go to a webpage to troubleshoot:

http://mathworks.com/support/lme/R2016a/8

Please follow the instructions there; if they do not work, you can contact MATLAB Support directly "for free and fast telephone help."

Also, please note that if there exists a /home/nikhil/.matlab folder, it will not be visible in your file manager unless you have "Show Hidden Files and Folders" enabled.


Need help to configure network in Ubuntu 17.04

No, the host system does not require an static IP address to install virtual machines that access the network.

When you create your virtual machine, you must define the type of connection it will use:

bridged networking, where the VM has direct access to the network. Here the VM must acquire a different IP address (e.g. from a DHCP server) and may require bringing the network interfaces up/down (e.g. by using ip link
or ifconfig) in the VM each time you change of network.
NAT, where the VM connects to the network (and internet) through the host system. Using this type of connection, the VM is not accessible from the outside.
host-only, where the VM connects only to the host system.

I think you must use a NAT connection. using this connection, your VM will have network/internet access while the host system has access. If you need to access servers/services in the VM you may configure a port forwarding for NAT.

If you need to configure TCP/UDP port forwarding, please look here.


How to show hard disk file system format

sudo nano /etc/fstab

Check the type section of the drive in question. There may be other ways, but this came to mind first

Edit: another way would be

 Sudo blkid /dev/xxx (whatever is, ie /dev/sda1)


LightDM and the need for a greeter in set-top box environment

Yes, LightDM can run without any greeter.  Set LightDM to automatically log in as the user / session required.

If you log out of the session however LightDM will try and start a greeter.  This is planned to be fixed, see https://bugs.launchpad.net/lightdm/+bug/812170 .


The rabbitvcs package is within the official repositories so remove the ppa's again and make sure your /etc/apt/sources.list looks like this. Then do:

sudo apt-get install rabbitvcs*

If you run into following error:

IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/home/username/.config/rabbitvcs/settings.conf

simply correct the permissions by :

sudo chown "$USER" .config/rabbitvcs -R


Accidently Deleted all file names containing libboost under usr/lib and usr/include, now ubuntu doesn't start up

The possible way of recovery is the following:

boot the system in recovery mode

mount / as read-write
mount / -o remount,rw

get IP address from DHCP server using dhclient enp0s3 (you can get exact interface name from ip a or ifconfig)

reinstall all boost-related installed packages by
apt-get update
apt-get install --reinstall $(dpkg -l | grep ^ii | grep -i boost | awk '{print $2}')
apt-get install --reinstall $(dpkg -S boost | awk -F: '{print $1}' | sort -u)

Note: if this last step does not help - change the command to the following -
apt-get install --reinstall $(dpkg -l | grep ^ii | awk '{print $2}')

(here we reinstall all installed packages, as we do not know what was really removed)


GotoMeeting doesn't support Linux: http://www1.gotomeeting.com/default/help/g2m/tips_for_success/faqs.htm#15maclinux

You could find another solution to do meetings, or virtualize a Windows/Mac machine.


Should I restore my backup or reinstall program's first?

It does not matter. Because if you install and run the software after restoring back, the software will start using config files right away, because those files came from restore.

but when you install software and then restore the config files will be overwritten. You will be back when you made the backup. if you do this way, make sure you have closed all the GUI software and start them after restore of back so that the installed programs start with old config files and you get your system as you had expected

In either case make sure you reboot or at-least log-off and login immediately

besides you did backup and restoration using deja-dup, if you had to face any problem it will warn you. You need not to worry about it


How to setup widescreen resolutions?  Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 3000

Have you Installed your Graphic Drivers?If you dont know so,
Go to System Settings ~> Additional Drivers And Try to install your graphic card drivers there.

Note : for me , I've Nvidia and I see 2 drivers in ' Additional Drivers ' , And When I enable 2nd one , I get some problems , Then if you have 2 drivers,too , try to test both.

Hope it helps.


Wireshark is not able to capture on any of the interfaces

Try these steps.  These steps will set network privileges for the dumpcap executable, if your kernel and the file system supports file capabilities.  (source)

Check if the setcap command exists in /sbin/.  The command whereis setcap will tell you if it exists.
If the setcap command exists, run this command: sudo setcap 'CAP_NET_RAW+eip CAP_NET_ADMIN+eip' /usr/bin/dumpcap  (If this errors, use /usr/sbin/dumpcap instead of the path listed here already)
Add your user to the wireshark group - sudo usermod -a -G wireshark $USER
Log all the way out, then login again.
Start Wireshark as a non-root user and see if you can do a live capture.

If that does not work, you may have to use the set-UID method if your kernel doesn't support the above commands:

sudo chown root /usr/bin/dumpcap  (If this errors, use /usr/sbin/dumpcap instead of the specified path.)
sudo chmod u+s /usr/bin/dumpcap  (If this errors, use /usr/sbin/dumpcap instead of the specified path.)


goto System settings
Under Personal Category , Click Appearance tab.
Under Appearance tab , there are two sub – tabs are available : Look and behaviour  .
Under behavior tab,  Change the state of “Auto Hide the launcher” option from OFF to ON


Assuming by path you meant path to a directory, use run-parts. From man run-parts:

run-parts - run scripts or programs in a directory

At first you need to set execute permission on all the scripts you want to run. Normally run-parts will ignore the directories and also the files that are not executable resides in that directory.

Although before running you should check which files will be run by the --test option:

run-parts --test /path/to/directory

I should mention that run-parts has a strict naming convention for the scripts to be executed:

If neither the --lsbsysinit option nor the --regex option is given
then the names must consist entirely of ASCII upper- and
lower-case letters, ASCII digits, ASCII underscores, and ASCII minus-hyphens.

Check man run-parts to get more idea.


Ubuntu on USB Flash Disk Drivers Portability

Ubuntu 19.04 is not a long term service release, If you plan on upgrading Ubuntu every release, your portable USB should have a separate home partition, /home, to make your upgrades easier.

With a Full install portable drive there is no FAT32 4GB persistence size limit. A Windows/Linux shared data partition is an option. It is possible to install proprietary drivers on a Full install portable drive. Nowadays Nvidia video drivers are smart enough not to install when booting a machine missing Nvidia hardware.

Many proprietary drivers do not work on a persistent drive as they need to load before the casper-rw persistence partition opens. The only proprietary driver I run on my Full install flash drive is a Nvidia video driver. When I boot it in a machine without a Nvidia video card, there is no problem.

Your default machine should do well, I believe that with 12GB RAM, Ubuntu will mainly be running in RAM and USB speed will not be so important.

A spare flash drive with a persistent install is often handy, you can copy the /home partition from the Full install to home-rw partition on the Persistent drive as a usable backup.


What is $previous is in this line of code in /etc/init.d/ssh

$previous is defined in /etc/init.d/rc on line 49
as previous=$PREVLEVEL and refers to the previous run level.


If you're looking for a pure bash implementation, ImageMagick's convert command is what you're looking for:

for szFile in /path/*.png
do
    convert "$szFile" -rotate 90 /tmp/"$(basename "$szFile")" ;
done

Above will leave existing files intact and copy the newly rotated ones to /tmp so you can move or copy them somewhere else or even replace the existing ones after the conversion and after verification.

(and it'll work on all recent releases of Ubuntu as it's standard software)


Your eth0 device doesn't have an IP address.  Check the /etc/network/interfaces and make sure it has something like the following.

auto lo eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

If it doesn't have that, add it and save the file.  Then run -

service networking restart


Crontab working but root crontab doesn't

You could put sudo in crontab. Like this:

55 23 * * * sudo /home/as/bin/backupAutoEtc.sh

But the script needs to be added to sudoers as an exception, so the cron can run it without prompting you for root password. To do this, in case you don't know:

sudo visudo -f /etc/sudoers.d/rewrite

Inside use this line:

user ALL = NOPASSWD: /home/as/bin/backupAutoEtc.sh

Use your own username instead of user. Problem solved!


A general setup for Bumblebee is not that simple, be sure you have accomplished all the steps as described here http://www.ivegotavirus.com/blog/2011/11/06/how-to-get-optimus-working-on-ubuntu-11-10-oneiric/


ubuntu 16 in VM does not have access to internet

Your resolv.conf looks wrong. The DNS server can't be 8.8.8.8.4.4.4.4. Somewhere you entered a list of DNS servers, but you forgot the comma between the server addresses (ie: 8.8.8.8, 4.4.4.4). Probably did it in the connection script for your network connection. Go to the network icon in the top panel, and choose Edit Connections.... Locate and edit the network connection and add the comma, and restart your VM.

update: Your VM settings should include Bridged Adapter. Internet Connection Sharing should be off. Your enterprise network may give you trouble too... if so, talk to your network administrator for more help.

Let us know how you do. Cheers, Al


create roaming profile in windows 2008 server for ubuntu 12.04 client

Ubuntu does not support Roaming Profiles in the Microsoft sense.

While on Windows the C:\Users\username folder is "just a collection of files and folders," there are very specific registry files, System Folders (for things like certificates and encryption keys), file layouts and Access Control Lists that are required for it to "just work" on Windows. Linux just doesn't work that way.

If you're happy to just synchronize your Documents folder between Ubuntu machines then this baked-in with Ubuntu One. (Actually, Ubuntu One can sync more than the Documents folder, but it's a click frenzy setting it up.) If you'd like your whole /home/user folder synchronized, though, you'll have to do a little more work with rsync or Unison.


Top menu bar is sliding down after hover

Everything I can find says that it can't be done with Unity.

How to hide top menubar bar. Needed for the wine

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2132759

You can do this with Gnome Shell, though.


I found the answer.

First, right click on the extracted archive and choose compress. Choose "tar.gz" format.

Next, in a terminal, run the following command:

sudo alien --to-deb ~/Desktop/filename.tar.gz

replacing ~/Desktop/filename.tar.gz with the actual path to the actual file.


I'm not familiar with Eigen, but from the error message, it looks like it requires an "out of source" build.

This means that if you have downloaded and extracted Eigen to /home/brentonhorne/eigen-eigen-5097c01bcdc4, then you should create a new directory outside of the Eigen root altogether, e.g. /home/brentonhorne/build_eigen and run CMake from there.  I guess something like:

mkdir /home/brentonhorne/build_eigen
cd /home/brentonhorne/build_eigen
cmake /home/brentonhorne/eigen-eigen-5097c01bcdc4
make
sudo make install


How can I use comix to open image folders together?

Compress the album into a .rar or a .zip file. You can already open it with comix but for an even better result rename (you only have to change the extension of the file) the resulting .rar (to .cbr) or .zip (to .cbz)
Myfolder.rar --> Myfolder.cbr


Nvidia GEForce GT 610 installed via additional drivers changed the default color to blue

You might want to enable the graphics-drivers ppa on your system that contains the NVIDIA drivers:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt update

Then you should have listings all the way up to 367.18 (Open Source) drivers.  Seems to be working great for me.

Hope this helps!


Install WORKING iSCSI (BUT SCST) on Ubuntu 16.04 Kernel 4.8.0.53-generic

Wow so going to answer this one myself.  Blown away by this.

So I re-did the same build from 3.2.0 pre1 source (despite other docs, 3.1 refused to compile on my kernel so this was the 1st hurdle).

Now to the root cause of everything starting and NOT throwing a single error but
also NOT presenting any iSCSI volumes -- I will return here to update further once I determine the WHY, but this whole silent failure is chalked up to one of the params in the config file that literally is a iscsi standard params right from the NAS.

NEW WORKING config file that the scstadmin in ubuntu regenerated:

# Automatically generated by SCST Configurator v3.2.0-pre1.

HANDLER vdisk_fileio {
        DEVICE VMware {
                filename /mnt/pools/A/A0/iSCSI/VMware
                read_only 1
        }
}

TARGET_DRIVER copy_manager {
        TARGET copy_manager_tgt {
                LUN 0 VMware {
                        read_only 1
                }
        }
}

TARGET_DRIVER iscsi {
        enabled 1

        TARGET iqn.2012-07.com.lenovoemc:storage.ix2b.VMware {
                enabled 1
                rel_tgt_id 1

                LUN 0 VMware {
                        read_only 1
                }
        }
}

Note that other than giving it read-only, there should theoretically be NO differences since it was re-generated with these exact commands:

scstadmin -open_dev VMware -handler vdisk_fileio -attributes filename=/mnt/pools/A/A0/iSCSI/VMware,read_only t10_dev_id=LENOVO-b3fbe43e usn=b3fbe43e nv_cache=1
scstadmin -add_target iqn.2012-07.com.lenovoemc:storage.ix2b.VMware -driver iscsi
scstadmin -add_lun 0 -driver iscsi -target iqn.2012-07.com.lenovoemc:storage.ix2b.VMware -device VMware
scstadmin -enable_target iqn.2012-07.com.lenovoemc:storage.ix2b.VMware -driver iscsi
scstadmin -set_drv_attr iscsi -attributes enabled=1
scstadmin -write_config /etc/scst.conf

So if anyone has an idea as to WHY this occurred it looks at first glance to be the addition of these:

t10_dev_id LENOVO-b3fbe43e
usn b3fbe43e
nv_cache 1

But I know the nv_cache is okay which leaves the first two which also despite being "attributes" didn't even pass through into the generated config file.

Anyway, the iSCSI volume just mounted right up so when I know more I'll update here so maybe it helps others.


Setting up apache server in virtualbox guest?

Just change the Virtual Box config for the machine, adding a second network interface, which is 'host-only'. This provides access from your computer to the VM, through the new 'vboxnet0' interface you can see on your computer with ifconfig -a


Trying to install Gstreamer 1.0 on 12.04 - is the PPA of the backports gone?

Came to this post for the same reason.  Ended up finding this ppa that has the gstreamer 1.0 package

https://launchpad.net/~elementary-os/+archive/ubuntu/stable


Xen 4.4 (64-bit) is not working on Ubuntu 14.04, xl fails

I know it is a bit late but I had the same problem (except I installed xen 4.5).

I solved the issue by running

/etc/init.d/xencommons start

at every startup.

Hope this can help someone.


Dell XPS 13 9350 touchpad multi finger gesture on Ubuntu 19.04

Not an exact answer (I'm a newbie to Ubuntu) but as a guide into a possible solution.

I got three finger gestures working using Rachit Kinger's answer (posted for 18.04 LTS) to Touchpad Gestures in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS.

Which uses a combination of:

libinput-gestures
xdotool
fusuma (ruby-gem)

For my purposes the default configuration was just fine.
But for there is also some description on customization in the post.

I added fusuma -d to autostart following Takkat's answer (applicable since 14.04) to How do I start applications automatically on login?


lxapperance will do what you want for i3.

You also want QT, GTK 2.0, and GTK+ to look the same as your chosen theme.

Install:

lxappearance
gtk-chtheme
qt4-qtconfig

These applications allow you to configure the theme, QT, and GTK to have the same appearance. (They are good if you don't feel comfortable getting into GTK engines or editing a bunch of config files, and they run independent of Gnome!)

sudo apt-get install lxappearance gtk-chtheme qt4-qtconfig

Start with lxappearance and choose a theme; then choose it in gtk-chtheme. In qt4-config, there is a dropdown menu setting to make qt take the GTK+ settings. That seems to work best for me. (It makes VLC and KeepassX look good.)

As for applets, the Network Manager applet is the most important one. In your i3 config file, add this line to the end:

exec --no-startup-id nm-applet

In your web searching, when you find other applets you'd want to start, you do it exactly the same way:

exec --no-startup-id <applet name>

When you logout and log back in, the Network Manager applet should appear on the lower right.


Error while trying to install llvmlite on Ubuntu 14.04

I managed to install it in Python 3.4 using llvm-3.5 (as required in the README.py) in Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS. I had to make a symbolic link in /usr/bin to llvm-config.

sudo ln -s llvm-config-3.5 llvm-config

I couldn't make it work with LLVM_CONFIG enviroment variable.

I also had to install libedit-dev as the README.md suggests.

Then python3 setup.py install worked flawlessly.


How do I force Firefox to immediately stop displaying the current page while loading the new page over it?

There are technical reasons for why browsers do this and why changing it would have other consequences.

When loading a new URL, the browser doesn't know if the new URL will be a web page, a file download, or something else, until it starts to receive the response.  The header of the response will indicate the file type and whether it should trigger a file download dialog.

If the response is a file download, the existing web page will remain in the tab and a file download dialog will appear in addition to it.  Cancelling or proceeding with the download will continue to show the webpage in the tab.

Now, this behaviour could be modified, but it would mean that upon following a link the page would clear and go white while waiting for a response, and if the response is a file download the page that requested it will no longer be there - the browser would either need to continue showing it as a blank white page, close that tab/window, or trigger a "back" action and re-load the previous page.  These would depart from established expectations.


Can not delete chroot after aborting it's creation

As suggested in the comments, this solution might help.
I managed by unplugging the hard drive and putting it into another machine and deleting the folder there without any issues.


Caps Lock as a Control (Ctrl) key though the shell command

You can do it with setxkbmap:

setxkbmap -option 'ctrl:nocaps'

You can see the list of all available options for setxkbmap in this file /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/base.lst.


Touchpad problems after applying updates Ubuntu 16.04.1

run : sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-synaptics

I'm having the same problem , My laptop is thinkpad T series , with ubuntu 16.04 just upgrade from 14.04.


Does Unity work well with the ATI Radeon X1200 series?

It's working great on mine (ATI Radeon X1200 on my Toshiba Satellite A215-S7437), even better than Unity 2D, actually.
Hope that helps!

Also, Unity doesn't use a system tray as such (although it can be added), it uses indicators. Not all applications have indicators, maybe that's why your icons weren't showing up.


Can't add a wired connection though Network Manager

I'm not positive, but I think if you already have a wired connection established, it should show up on top, and then there would be an option to add another. Do you have a connection established already? If so, the default is for the OS to start it at boot time. I think Linux looks for network hardware at boot and auto-configures it to start at boot (for hardware it recognizes).


From looking at the page you've linked to, it seems that page speed is a browser extension for Chrome and Firefox.

Which browser do you use to access the internet? Open that browser, and look through the installed addons to find PageSpeed. If you use chrome, click the Wrench menu and go to Tools > Extensions. If you use Firefox, go to Tools > Addons in the main menu. If you don't see it there, go back to the page, and download the extension for your particular browser.


Revised from Creating a virtual environment with python3.4 on Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial Xerus:

  Install dependencies.

sudo apt install build-essential checkinstall
sudo apt install libreadline-gplv2-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev openssl

  Get python3.4 source code.

mkdir -p $HOME/opt
cd $HOME/opt
curl -O https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.4.3/Python-3.4.3.tgz
tar xzvf Python-3.4.3.tgz
cd Python-3.4.3

  Configure and install.

./configure --enable-shared --prefix=/usr/local LDFLAGS="-Wl,--rpath=/usr/local/lib"
sudo make altinstall

  --enable-shared is necessary for some libraries. The --prefix is needed for reasons (more information in this answer).
  make altinstall keeps your python3.5 installation as the default one.
  Create a python3.4 virtualenv.

  Now we can create a new virtual environment and activate it:

python3.4 -m venv Python3.4VirtualEnv
. Python3.4VirtualEnv/bin/activate

pip3 is installed by default when the Python 3.4 virtual environment is created. List installed packages:

pip3 list

Returns

Flask (0.11.1)

Type flask --help to show Flask help. This output shows that Flask has been successfully installed in a Python virtual environment for Python 3.4.


gedit opens different window though it should not

I'm sad that nobody investigated my problem! Anyway, I have redo the investigation and I figured out that DISPLAY=:0 from the terminal while DISPLAY=:0.0 when it's launched from the Gnome/Unity environment.

export DISPLAY=:0.0 in the terminal fixes the problem. i will try to file a bug to Gnome as :0 should be interpreted as :0.0.


byobu or tmux are terminal multiplexers. Byobu is ex. screen. It has both byobu-screen and byobu-tmux.

Login using ssh
Run the multiplexer

byobu-screen

Then run your commands
Use other tab in the multiplexer to detach:

byobu-screen -d

Now your are back to SSH session if you use ps ax you can see it still running. You can now exit from SSH session.

To resume:

Login using ssh
Resume the multiplexer

byobu-screen -r

Then you are where you was. You can open multiple multiplexer session and they will stay running (as they are in background). So open one, detach then another one, detach, try resume.
Back to your commands
Use other tab in the multiplexer to detach again:

byobu-screen -d

You can now exit from SSH session. Leaving you commands running.

See for Reference https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Screen


A) Short answer

Default groups; say for user123, on fresh install - (use command groups in a terminal):

user123 adm cdrom sudo dip plugdev lpadmin sambashare

Gives diff from 11.04 as

admin is replaced by sudo
dialout is removed
dip is added.

To get/view defaults. Would probably work for various others too; do:

sudo grep user-setup /var/log/installer/syslog

B) Restoring default groups

(Adding this to make it more complete)

1. Identifying the groups

I always set root password, but if you haven't use a live CD, live USB, other install etc. to get to the file.

If you have set root password (by i.e.):

sudo passwd root

and have lost sudo privileges do:

su - root
grep user-setup /var/log/installer/syslog

Gives you i.e.

... user-setup: pwconv: failed to change the mode of /etc/passwd- to 0600
... user-setup: Shadow passwords are now on.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' ...
... user-setup: Adding new group `user123' (1000) ...
... user-setup: Adding new user `user123' (1000) with group `user123' ...
... user-setup: Creating home directory `/home/user123' ...
... user-setup: Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...
... user-setup: addgroup: The group `lpadmin' already exists as a system group. Exiting.
... user-setup: Adding group `sambashare' (GID 124) ...
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `adm' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group adm
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `cdrom' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group cdrom
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `dip' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group dip
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `lpadmin' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group lpadmin
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `plugdev' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group plugdev
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `sambashare' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group sambashare
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: adduser: The group `debian-tor' does not exist.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `sudo' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group sudo
... user-setup: Done.
... ubiquity: Removing user-setup ...
... ubiquity: Purging configuration files for user-setup ...

Or:

su - root
grep "user-setup: Adding user user123 to group" /var/log/installer/syslog | cut -d' ' -f11

Which yields:

adm
cdrom
dip
lpadmin
plugdev
sambashare
sudo

(No idea why dip suddenly has become a default group by install. Something to do with dialout being removed?)

2.a Updating groups - using "built-in" root access

So do, as root, to add groups to user, i.e. user user123:

usermod -a -G adm,cdrom,lpadmin,sudo,sambashare,dip,plugdev user123

Where (Somewhat outdated on 12.10):

adm         Monitor system logs
cdrom       Use CD-ROM drives
lpadmin     Configure printers
sudo        administer the system, ...
sambashare  Share files with the local network
dip         Connect to the Internet using a modem
plugdev     Access external storage devices

Some extras you might need: (check what you have by root@YOURPC:~# id -nG user123)

dialout     ttyS*/Serial/COM1,COM2 ...
vboxusers   Virtual Box
user123     Your own group

If you want; double-check /etc/group , i.e. (here with some extras):

root@YOURPC:~# grep user123 /etc/group

adm:x:4:user123
audio:x:29:user123,timidity,pulse
video:x:44:user123
lp:x:7:user123
dialout:x:20:user123
cdrom:x:24:user123
sudo:x:27:user123
dip:x:30:user123
plugdev:x:46:user123
lpadmin:x:107:user123
user123:x:1000:
sambashare:x:124:user123
vboxusers:x:127:user123
autologin:x:1001:user123

As an alternative one can boot in to rescue mode and

mount -o remount,rw /
usermod -G adm,cdrom,lpadmin,sudo,sambashare,dip,plugdev user123

Log out and log in. Groups should be updated.

2.b Updating groups - using root access from Live-CD etc.

xxx here is where your file-system is mounted when running a live edition, i.e. /media/foo.

Manually edit the file /xxx/etc/group using vigr and add user as in previous listing.

Or; only add user to sudo; as in:

sudo:x:27:user123

Boot into your installation and update by executing the usermod command with sudo:

sudo usermod -a -G adm,cdrom,lpadmin,sudo,sambashare,dip,plugdev user123

Log out and log in. Groups should be updated.

Double Note: admin is no longer part of Ubuntu as of 11.10 in favour of sudo.


14.04.01 LTS takes a very long time to boot (10 minutes or so)

You can try removing peripherals one at a time until you get a suitable boot time, and then you will know what is causing the hangup.  I once had an issue where my USB headset would cause me to wait an extra 2 or so minutes booting up, and once I removed it my PC booted fine.  You might try looking through the boot logs to see if there is anything else that you may have missed.


Terminal command to dump the next N lines of a file after a line containing X?

I guess you are looking for -A and -m options of grep command.
grep -m1 -A10 PATTERN filename

it looks for first occurrence of PATTERN (-m1) in the file filename and includes 10 lines after match into the results.


Intuos Art CTH-490 doesn't works ubuntu 15.10

This is a quite new tablet.

First of all, sometime the tablet works even if it's not listed in the settings --- try it in GIMP for example. It happens to me in several installations (I do not know why). Connect the tablet and issue the command

xsetwacom --list devices

and see if it discovers any device.

Otherwise, you can try to compile and install the latest wacom driver, see  Wacom Graphics Tablet CTH-480 / CTL-480 Not Detected In Ubuntu 13.10 --- maybe you're lucky. The instruction there are for an older version, but read it carefully and it should work for the new versions of the driver.

Last option, go to the the wacom on linux page and ask them for more help: http://linuxwacom.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page


Update Manager/Ubuntu Software Centre not working

Open up syslog in the Log File Viewer, then try it again.  With any luck there'll be an error message show up.  What does it say?

We might have to try sudo apt-get remove update-manager then sudo apt-get install update-manager and the same for software-center.

There's been an update to software-center today, so that might be all you need.  Try sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get upgrade


How to keep alive a wifi connection on a laptop

You can try placing a line in this file: /etc/crontab (using sudo)

For example: 10 * * * * root /etc/init.d/networking restart OR you can also use the ping command instead of restarting networking (2 * * * * root ping [ex. google.com])
When you save the file this command will automatically (no reboot needed) run as root every 10 minutes by the process "cron" (locate the process using this command: ps -aux | grep cron).

EDIT: Also, try these commands in order to reconnect your network interface:

sudo nmcli nm enable false && nmcli nm enable true

OR

sudo ifconfig wlan0 down && sudo ifconfig wlan0 up

There is also an ubuntu forums thread.


How to benchmark a software's performance

Sometimes programs themselves have a 'benchmark' setting; this is particularly true of the example you give, Truecrypt. The benchmark can be accessed from Tools > benchmark. The benchmark tests how fast your CPU can crunch through the encryption algorithms (see screenshot). The performance of your machine will be vastly increased if your CPU supports AES hardware encryption/decryption. That setting is available from settings > preferences > performance.

There are specific tests available to gauge GTK+ and filesystem performance in the repositories that can be found with apt-cache search benchmark, and the benchmarking tool in Peazip will give you some archive compression/decompression figures, which are not particularly useful. That is the problem really, often the results mean little and are what you would expect for your hardware configuration.

Program such as iotop and htop will provide very useful information regarding your current programs and processes, and with iotop you can see if there is a bottleneck somewhere on your system by studying the data presented. You can study these while performing intense tasks such as encryption/decryption or video transcoding.

However, the phoronix-test-suite, available in the repositories, also has specific tests such as ones for CPU encryption/decryption performance, some for archive compression/decompression, gtk, and for every test you could think of. See my answer in this related question and run

phoronix-test-suite list-tests

to see all the tests available.


Dual Boot Ubuntu 16.04.2-desktop on OS X El Capitan 10.11.6

I have a 27 inch, late 2009 iMac and have installed Ubuntu twice before to dual-boot. I believe it was Ubuntu 12.04 and 14.04, my Mac OS was Snow Leopard back then. This black screen problem always happened.

What caused it was that Ubuntu thinks there's a 2nd screen output connected. I was able to solve it connecting my iMac to my TV using the miniDisplay adapter + HDMI cable. Then Ubuntu showed up on the TV screen and I could install it, reboot and then updated the graphics driver through Software Update, that fixed the problem.

If you have a TV or extra monitor, it's worth trying this. Even though your Mac and Ubuntu versions are newer, it may still be the same problem.

Also, there's another way around:
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1578342&page=3&p=12255187#post12255187


Ubuntu one in the cloud, not on the local hd

Ubuntu One file sync is only a file synchronization service. So this will not be supported. The ~/Ubuntu One/ folder will always be synchronized. You can, however, achieve such a usage, by creating another synchronized folder on the server with the REST API, uploading files directly to the server with the REST API, and simply never choosing to synchronize that folder on the client side (or possibly, not even use the client on a machine where you want this behavior).

I don't know of any existing scripts or programs to simply do that, but you are certainly free to write one. Such a script could be integrated with the Send to… feature in Nautilus. The duplicity plug-in for Deja Dup, does do this, for uploading back-up files to Ubuntu One, as an example.


Remove the "extra junk at end of file".

See the directory /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/  and a file starting with 02 (I am not sure if prox:2 is part of the file name).

Use an editor like nano or vi to open the file and remove the malformed text that seems to be at the end of the file.


Stop Ubuntu keyboard shortcuts from "resurrecting"

There are several ubuntu bugs in launchpad about keyboard shortcuts settings being reset to default.

It seems that when you switch the 'Backend' setting to 'Flat-file Configuration Backend' in CompizConfig Settings Manager under 'Preferences', the keyboard shortcuts changes seem persistent. You'll have to do a unity --replace for the changes to take affect.


I think that you can install it via Software Center(GUI tool).
As following steps.

Or If you use the command that "apt-get install pymol", first you must use following command:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) universe"


How do I setup multiple suites in Reprepro?

Like the error message says, you have the same codename in both suites, which isn't possible. You would have to call the second one something like "lucid-unstable". This is similar to what the official repo does with lucid-updates, lucid-proposed, lucid-backports, etc.


Ubuntu 16.04 "upgrade" wiped out existing 15.10 installation

Probably not, that's bug 1265192, "Install/reinstall wipes out all other partitions".  You can add yourself to the "does this bug affect me" list by clicking on the yellow icon next to the question.


index.php is downloading instead of displaying

By the look of the issue, it seems you've not installed PHP as it denies to view page, and downloads instead.

As I've commented, Apache doesn't come packed with PHP as it is a separate package. Installing php package should simply fix your issue.


How to install the Russian text in the functions of Picasa

Google officially dropped support for Linux of Picasa in April 2012.  :-(

So what you have is what you have, no further modifications will be made.

Извините...


Can I safely backup my Claws Mail configuration with tar?

In theory: yes.

Applicable to not just claws mail:

Make sure you close the program before making a backup
When you re-install a newer/older version of an operating system the maintainers of the software might have changed structures of the personal files. Making your current backup oh so slightly different. That could spell trouble restoring. But it could also be as simple as manually editing some file or setting to fix the issue. Keep an eye out for the change log; that will tell you if something changed that affects this.
Claws mail can export and import mbox files. Maybe best to use that as an extra backup.


How to execute a number of lines using xargs

I would actually just modify the SQL. MySQL has a SLEEP function you can select from. The following will inject a 10 second delay every 50 lines... And then just pipe that into the mysql command.

awk '{print} NR%50==0 {print "SELECT SLEEP(10);"}' file.sql | mysql db_name


How to remove or change icons in gnome-terminal 3.18.3?

Unfortunately those icons are from default Ubuntu Mono Dark icon theme. I fear you can't do much without replacing those icons or using other Icon theme.

Here are some alternatives I want to suggest you to try.

Mate Faenza Dark icon theme (Most preferable)

Revival Icon theme

MacBuntu OS Icon theme

Paper Icon theme

You should be able to find the icon theme from various PPAs available. Some of them are

Noobslab Icon Collection
Noobslab Icon Collection 2
MacBuntu by Noobslab
Noobslab Master Page


gnome-panel messed up after installing ATI driver

I managed to install the 11.9 driver manually what overwrites the driver (11.8). Download the new Catalyst Driver here http://support.amd.com/, then change to the directory where the driver is located, then:

sudo sh ati-driver-installer....run --buildpkg Ubuntu/oneiric

install the *.deb's with

sudo dpkg -i *.deb

reboot. Now it should be overwritten. Gnome Shell still has graphic bugs though, but it runs.


There is a graphics gui by intel for download.

sudo apt-get install intel-linux-graphics-installer

However, it is for the 32bit system but if you install on a 64, your touchpad mouse will become unresponsive.
You can then do

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

This fixed the xserver crashes and the mouse wasn't disabled after every reboot.  If your mouse is disabled, do

sudo modprobe -r psmouse
sudo modprobe psmouse proto=imps

But after re-downloading from the ppa, the issue resolved with the touchpad.


Good job on trying different distros. Since you have and get the same results and with what you said about the LED's flickering - I presume you have a battery issue instead of an OS issue.
The fix may be as simple as simple as charging the battery all the way, then removing and reconnecting firmly. Strange as it sounds, I've read from lenovo to not remove the battery when it's not fully charged, don't know what thats about.
If that doesn't work, Id say go to their support page or call their helpdesk.
Good luck!
PS: how did you install Ubuntu on the laptop? Thanks.


The terminal input language has been changed to English. Following the command, the terminal is questioning the user in french but the answer need to be in English (y orY instead of o or O).

To fix this issue:

Open a terminal
Type locale and make sure everything is setup in English (or your native language)

If not:

Type sudo -i gedit /etc/default/locale and change the following line:

LANG="en_US"
LANGUAGE="en_US:en"

Also change these two lines in sudo gedit ~/.pam_environment:

LANG=en_US
LANGUAGE=en_US

sudo reboot

And it's done.


Can I add Ubuntu fonts to website? What are licenses of those?

Short answer: Yes. Ubuntu comes bundled with "open" fonts that are free to distribute.

Long answer: There's a LOT of information about each individual font's license. Depending on what package the font is a part of and that package's license is, certain restrictions may apply, but as a general rule of thumb you can use the default fonts that come with Ubuntu.

If you'd like info on the Ubuntu fonts themselves (Ubuntu Bold, Ubuntu Italic, etc.) you can find all of that
here.


After much trial and error I've found the problem. It's the pip that's in Ubuntu PPA, v1.5.6. Of course it's ultimately my user error, but that version of pip is really not forgiving. I wrote more about it on this post.


Grub menu disappeared after unexpected shutdown?

First of all, you should make sure that your computer will not overheat again. Overheating is very bad for a computer. I suggest you dust your computer, and if it's a laptop, get a cooling pad.

Do you still have a bootable flash drive with Ubuntu on it? If not, you'll want to create one, using a flash drive, an Ubuntu ISO, and Rufus.

Once you're booted, you'll want to add the repos for and install Boot-Repair, an automatic tool to repair and restore GRUB. If Ubuntu is still intact, it should be able to fix GRUB. If you still can't seem to boot GRUB, then you should check around in your BIOS, if you have a UEFI system then it's possible that each OS has its own boot entry and that you'll need to select Ubuntu or the drive itself instead.

Also, when you have managed to boot into Ubuntu, you should upgrade the OS. 14.10 is no longer supported at all. Run the command sudo do-release-upgrade to upgrade the OS.

However, if you still can't boot into Ubuntu or GRUB, then it'll probably be easiest to re-install Ubuntu. You should upgrade your Ubuntu version anyway. Copy whatever files that you can access from Ubuntu's partitions and re-install using the 16.04.1 LTS ISO.


Skype for Linux Alpha crashes Ubuntu 16 software center

This is common bugs with new software center, as its not dependable yet to install third-party .deb files.

Please try install the .deb files using dpkg instead of software center:

sudo dpkg -i /path/to/your/skype.deb

Replace /path/to/your/skype.deb with your exact path.


Missing volume app from notification area in Xubuntu panel!

The volume control icon is part of the xfce4-indicator-plugin, which can contain various icons. You can accidentally remove the volume control icon, which will close the plugin; when it is running it is listed in system monitor as xfce4-indicator-plugin.

To return to your old panel setup as displayed here:       , please follow these instructions.

(Only the volume and mail icons are actually part of the indicator plugin; the networking and power-management icons are separate plugins).

1) Just right-click the panel and go to panel preferences, as in the screenshot below:

2) Then, just make sure the appropriate panel is selected, move to the items tab and click the green + in the items tab (not the one at the top of the screen) to add an item.

3) Now, scroll down the list and select the indicator-plugin, click add, and close the menus. Your volume control icon and mail icons will be restored.

This should sort out your problem unless you have uninstalled some xfce4 items or icons.


could multiple live WiFi profiles coexist on ubuntu?

List of reason codes(ref):

0...noReasonCode...Normal operation.
1...unspecifiedReason...Client associated but no longer authorized.
2...previousAuthNotValid...Client associated but not authorized.
3...deauthenticationLeaving...The access point went offline, deauthenticating the client.
4...disassociationDueToInactivity...Client session timeout exceeded.
5...disassociationAPBusy...The access point is busy, performing load balancing, for example.
6...class2FrameFromNonAuthStation...Client attempted to transfer data before it was authenticated.
7...class2FrameFromNonAssStation...Client attempted to transfer data before it was associated.
8...disassociationStaHasLeft...Operating System moved the client to another access point using non-aggressive load balancing.
9...staReqAssociationWithoutAuth...Client not authorized yet, still attempting to associate with an access point.
99...missingReasonCode...Client momentarily in an unknown state.

Might be this "Won't fix" bug.  I get from that report that NetworkManager is having trouble determining which one is "best".

Disclaimer - I use wicd, and it seems to work in your scenario.


The best place to get started is the new Ubuntu Developer Portal: http://developer.ubuntu.com

You can use a variety of IDEs (some may even be familiar), such as CodeBlocks, Netbeans and Eclipse. It will all boil down to choice, if you ask me. Installing an IDE is pretty easy too: Just open the Software Center and search for the one you want or browse the development category.

If you already know how to code in the languages you mentioned, then the main difference you will find on Ubuntu will be in compilation. Even so, it's easy to adjust, especially when letting the IDE do most of the "dirty work" for you.


If you run chown without a preceding colon, you will change the owner. (With the preceding colon, you change the group, as you have demonstrated above, and you can also run chown -R new-owner:newgroup.) So if you just run

sudo chown -R www-data /var/www/pootle

you will change the owner to www-data.

  "....when apache creates a file, its group is www-data..."

Can you clarify what you mean by this? Apache serves files, it doesn't create them. PHP creates them - but they are created dynamically and served directly to web clients (browsers), they are not created and then saved by Apache.

It seems your problem is with file ownership. If so, a  more convenient approach might be to add pootle to the www group - as Apache (generally) needs htm(l) files to be owned by www to read them. Files then created by Pootle will have the same group ID and you won't need to run chown at all - Apache will have read access to Pootle's files. See http://translate.sourceforge.net/wiki/pootle/apache which says:

 You need to extract Pootle in a directory accessible to the apache user.

Make sure Apache has read access to all of Pootle's files and write access to the dbs and po subdirectories.

Hope this helps.


Multiple apps still show in output when updating despite being "removed"

sudo apt autoremove --purge package-name will clear all the traces.
After this run sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade.
The first command will list the packages it will be removing. Have a eye over those. If some package needed for another app is removed, then the second command will fix it. Essentially the package manager apt will download them back.
Warning don't ever try sudo apt autoremove --purge python3. This will definitely nuke your system. And in most cases these damages are irreversible. Imagine apt is missing/not working properly and hence you cannot restore the missing packages. You will have the same situation when executing sudo apt autoremove --purge python3.
When it comes to removing wine, do the purge command I mentioned above, and then delete then .wine folder in the home directory.


This issue is an attempt by Apple to stop the use of fake charging cables. You can solve the trust-loop error with IOS7 mobile devices by installing the latest release of libimobiledevice.

For 12.04:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ingo/ios7support
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

If you get “lock down error”, try using the following commands:

sudo mkdir /var/lib/lockdown
sudo chmod 777 /var/lib/lockdown

For 13.10 you can download the .deb package from the launchpad site here.

For Ipad users that are seeing the 'Not Charging' message on their device when plugged in via usb:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ipad-charge

Reboot, and enjoy.


What does the final "+" mean after the user/group/others rwx permissions

The + indicates that the file has an Access Control List (ACL) with additional permissions.

getfacl {dir/file} to get more info on what is set

setfacl -b {dir/file} to remove ACL.

If you did not set this yourself please do not alter it. There probably is a setting there to prevent accidental deletion.


Is this workaround solving your problem?
In bash:

$ export myvar='\u20'
$ echo $myvar
\u20
$ echo -e "u20\n \nfoo" | grep -P `sed 's/\\u/\\x/' <<<$myvar`

$ echo $myvar
\u20

The sed instruction substitutes the \u with \x of $myvar without changing the value of the environment variable itself.


Restore specific kernel & modules (nvidia drivers)

The package for the linux kernel is separate from the nvidia drivers. But each kernel version has its corresponding drivers.
If you had the nvidia drivers installed for, say, 4.10.0-28, then booting that kernel should use the corresponding drivers.
Other modules may be provided by different packages, e.g., linux-modules-5.8.0-45-generic, linux-modules-extra-5.8.0-45-generic.
So you should already have your "restore point"s, and you can use them via grub, as you show.
As for the custom entries in grub, you don't need that for older kernel versions, those are added automatically when updating.
You might need that if you want other customization, though.
It is not clear if that is not enough for you, or if that did not work as suitable restore points.
Giving a specific example of what did not work for you, if you have any, may help clarifying.


The Haskell Platform is available via the Ubuntu repository's.

Haskell Platform

To install via repo, just do like so:

sudo apt-get install haskell-platform

Install via website:

wget https://haskell.org/platform/download/7.10.2/haskell-platform-7.10.2-a-unknown-linux-deb7.tar.gz
tar xf haskell-platform-7.10.2-a-unknown-linux-deb7.tar.gz
sudo ./install-haskell-platform.sh

Haskell Compiler

To install the Haskell Compiler, follow the steps one by one.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:hvr/ghc
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y cabal-install-1.20 ghc-7.8.4

cat >> ~/.bashrc <<EOF
export PATH="\$HOME/.cabal/bin:/opt/cabal/1.20/bin:/opt/ghc/7.8.4/bin:\$PATH"
EOF
export PATH=~/.cabal/bin:/opt/cabal/1.20/bin:/opt/ghc/7.8.4/bin:$PATH

cabal update
cabal install alex happy


Cannot Update- Insufficient Space- Extend Folder to External HDD?

Extending root partition to an external drive is not a good idea as this drive may not be ready at boot or become inaccessible in other ways (e.g. by unplugging).

If you run out of disk space in addition to

sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get autoremove

you can free space by removing old kernel images.

Take care not to remove your present kernel


Does Ubuntu 12.04 support the Intel H65M chipset/Celeron B800 CPU?

Edit: Jean-Pierre has confirmed that the laptop idea indeed work well with Ubuntu 12.04.

Yes, the laptop should probably work very well with Ubuntu 12.04.

The Sandy Bridge chipset (H65M) is compatible.
The CPU has internal Intel HD Graphics, which work great with Ubuntu without needing to install any extra drivers, etc.
The brand of wireless card is not known, but if it is a Broadcom card, you may have to install extra drivers provided by Ubuntu to make it work. It's a good idea to have access to a wired connection (ethernet) for this step.


ALSA does not see sound cards after restoring previous HOME

If you see your sound card with sudo:

sudo aplay -l

Then try

chmod -R a+rwX /dev/snd

Also, check your home directory for old garbage dot files from the previous installation, such as ".pulseaudio"

--Leo


How to remove sogou as default startpage?

I have noticed exactly the same problem today.
Solutions from this thread, and from the linked one didn't help me.
My last installed apps was:

arandr
gnome-tweak-tool
ubuntu-desktop

I am not sure if any of them could trigger this issue.

Working solution for me was:

Open Firefox
type about:support in address bar and enter the page
Click on "Refresh firefox" (or something similar)

After that operation, 123.sogou.com won't opens anymore


Ubuntu 18.10 Restarts seconds after shutdown

I managed to fix the issue  by disabling USB 3.0 in bios settings.


MariaDB 10.3 does not start after Ubuntu 20.04 reboots after changing the data directory to a different drive

Some how, I found my own answer to this problem after posting this question.
It turned out to be the /etc/fstab file in terms of mounting the drive.
Previously, I mounted the drive using the Gnome Disks utility and their modifying of the /etc/fstab file didn't allow the MariaDB to connect to the to the hard drive.
A manual, direct editing that critical file solved it.
Here's an example of how fstab should be edited for the drive to hold the databases:
...
/dev/sdb1    /mnt/Data   ext4    defaults    0    0
...

That's all to it.
Thanks.


Why is this laptop taking almost 1 minute to boot Ubuntu 13.04?

I usually don't see anything obvious on these things but here I do: Landscape.

There is a cluster of Landscape-related processes and one of these triggers lshw. These processes account for a massive amount of CPU use. In my mind they're almost certainly making the difference between 60 seconds and 30, maybe even 20 seconds.

Assuming you have support from Canonical (Landscape being a Canonical Support feature), I'd have a really serious moan at them directly. If you don't need it, remove it and try again.

If you need it and you can't get Canonical to fix it, all I can really suggest is you suspend or hibernate instead of shutting down. Depending on your machine, suspend can actually be pretty alright. Our second-gen i3 laptop will last for about 4 hours on power but will sustain ~96 hours on suspend (usually enough to get to a power supply).

And all an SSD is going to do is speed up the disk stuff. If you look at the second graph, you can see the first third is the only part that's doing any disk throughput. I'm not saying they're not good - they're awesome - but they're not going to fix your problem.


Can't configure network interfaces Ubuntu 14.04

To fix RTNETLINK answers: File exists Failed to bring up eth0 try again after flushing device: # ip addr flush eth0.


Jovie - KDE Text To Speech Daemon
(based KDE 4.10.5 - 'buntu 13.04)

The Jovie: http://www.kde.org/applications/utilities/jovie/

The Jovie handbook online: http://docs.kde.org/stable/en/kdeaccessibility/jovie/

If the Jovie is installed then you should have the handbook.

If the Jovie is running then the Konqueror 'Speak Text' action should work. That is - if the Speech Dispatcher is working !

If the Jovie is not running then there is an error message.

To diagnose the Speech Dispatcher start the spd-conf with the '-d' option:

:~$ spd-conf -help
Usage: spd-conf [options]
A simple dialog based tool for basic configuration of Speech Dispatcher
and problem diagnostics.

Options:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -s, --test-spd-say    Test connection to Speech Dispatcher using spd-say
  -d, --diagnostics     Diagnose problems with the current setup
  -e, --espeak          Use espeak to synthesize messages
  -u, --create-user-conf
                        Create Speech Dispatcher configuration for the given
                        user
  --test-espeak         Test whether Espeak works as a standalone binary
  -c, --config-basic-settings-user
                        Configure basic settings in user configuration
  -D, --debug           Debug a problem and generate a report
  --test-alsa           Test ALSA audio
  -C, --config-basic-settings-system
                        Configure basic settings in system-wide configuration
  --test-pulse          Test Pulse Audio
  -n, --dont-ask        Do not ask any questions, allways use default values
  --test-festival       Test whether Festival works as a server

The spd-conf is part of the package: python3-speechd.


install unetbootin from ppa.
ok i know the new version dosent support windows ntfs format...

but i did it.trust me.
format usb drive in fat32 format,then open unetbootin and only choose windows iso and your usb drive.butt dont start process.now when unetbootin is open go to disk app(gnome disk utility) and unmount & format your usb to ntfs. mount it again.
now come back to unetbootin.then you see its done.you can create windows usb.
it takes about 15 min for me.


Unfortunately that's just part of the joyous mdadm build process. At least that's been my experience of it... But I have only done it twice.

You can speed things up by increasing the stripe cache

sudo su
echo 8192 > /sys/block/md0/md/stripe_cache_size

You can run that now and it should have near-immediate effect.

That won't persist between restarts but if it does improve performance, you can make it.


Define weird ..

You will not be able to use history, or other last-used settings, in a meaningful manner as anyone could have used/set these last. You will also be unable to assign responsibility, if anything goes wrong.

I don't recommend this practice, unless you don't care what happens to this server (and its content).

The SSH sessions themselves will be fine.

I have maintained more than one session, when monitoring command-line transfers or configuration, with no issues.


Since you are using Ubuntu, if you have a version with systemd, then you can use it to listen on a port for you and run a service and script when there is an incoming request. For example, for testing, as an ordinary user create a Unit to listen on port 5000:

cat <<\! >~/.config/systemd/user/my.socket
[Unit]
Description=my socket
[Socket]
ListenStream=5000
Accept=true
!

Create a user service of the same prefix name ("my") to run ~/myscript:

cat <<\! >~/.config/systemd/user/my@.service
[Unit]
Description=my service
[Service]
ExecStart=/home/meuh/myscript
StandardInput=socket
StandardOutput=socket
StandardError=syslog
!

Create the script to read/write stdin/stdout for the http protocol:

cat <<\! >/home/meuh/myscript
#!/bin/bash
printf 'Content-Type: text/plain\r\n'
printf 'Status: 200\r\n'
printf '\r\n'
matched=false
while read input
do [[ "$input" =~ ^$'\r'?$ ]] && break
   [[ "$input" =~ ^'GET /command/shutdown HTTP/' ]] && matched=true
done
if $matched
then echo "shutdown"
else echo "hello"
fi
exit 0
!
chmod +x myscript

Start the socket:

systemctl --user daemon-reload
systemctl --user start my.socket

Connect to it with curl, for example:

$ curl -v http://127.0.0.1:5000/command/stuff
> GET /command/stuff HTTP/1.1
> Host: 127.0.0.1:5000
> User-Agent: curl/7.51.0
> Accept: */*
>
Content-Type: text/plain
Status: 200

hello

or for shutdown:

$ curl http://127.0.0.1:5000/command/shutdown
Content-Type: text/plain
Status: 200

shutdown

Replace the echo shutdown by something appropriate, and the port number by 80 as usual for a web server. Obviously, you can do a non-user version of this, and also set the uid of the service unit to someone with rights for shutdown.

If you convert the above to system units, and place them in a standard place like /etc/systemd/system/my.socket,
then to enable it to start automatically at boot, you will want to make the socket wait until the network is ready; add to the .socket file [Unit] section:

After=network-online.target

and at the end

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

so that you can enable it with

systemctl --user enable my.socket

I'm not a systemd expert, so you might need to post new questions on this part, especially if you continue to use --user units, as they need more effort to start at boot (rather than the default, user login).


Remove all characters from filenames expects first n

rename -n 's/(..).*\.abc/$1.abc/' *.abc

or

for f in *.abc; do echo mv -nv -- "$f" "$(printf '%.2s.abc' "$f")"; done

Remove the echo / -n once you are happy with the indicated replacements


Is it possible to copy a variable to the Shift+Insert clipboard from the command line?

Shift+Insert uses the XA_PRIMARY selection. So:

echo -n "$clipboard" | xclip -selection primary

or just

echo -n "$clipboard" | xclip

(since XA_PRIMARY is the default).


Installing Matlab r2017b: cannot open matlab

You're trying to use typographic quotation marks in the shell interpreter which fails. I presume you copied that command from some web site and the author’s text editing tool or web content management system tried to be smart and converted the original plain quotation marks to make them prettier.

You need to replace them and use plain quotation marks instead:

alias matlab='LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 matlab -desktop'

or

alias matlab="LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 matlab -desktop"


awk: match pattern that contain only forward slash

You should use plain df:

df -h /

However, in awk, since this is the last field, just compare directly:

$ df -h | awk '$NF == "/"'
/dev/sda1        18G  7.7G  9.0G  47% /


MySQL permissions and privileges problems

In three steps:

sudo systemctl stop mysql
sudo dpkg-reconfigure mysql-server-5.7
sudo systemctl start mysql

The middle steps will allow you to change the root password.


google.com is not opening on mozilla firefox on ubuntu

I think that is because of proxy, you can change it as "No Proxy". Go to

preference >> Advanced >> Network >> Settings >>"No proxy"


Found it, so I'll leave an answer here for future poor user like me.
TL;DR
So in order to name resolution work properly one need to activate LLMNR by editing
/etc/systemd/resolved.conf and uncommenting the line LLMNR=yes and restarting corresponding service by sudo systemctl restart systemd-resolved.service on all hosts that you want the hostname to be resolved.
Longer answer.
as stated in https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/452527/ipv6-link-local-address-in-etc-hosts?noredirect=1&lq=1
basically because of glibc (and all network using soft will use calls to that lib see  getaddrinfo(3) for example) there is no point to use /etc/hosts file. But instead one should use LLMNR. By default in Ubuntu 20.10 as of this writing LLMNR is not enabled by default, so one should enable it manually. You do it on all hosts names of which you would like to be resolved automatically.
Some reading
man systemd-resolved.service
resolvectl
resolved.conf


How do I get tab completion to work with 'rake'?

Tab completions are loaded when opening a shell. When installing an application, you need either to re-open your shell or run the next command to load the new bash completions:

. /etc/bash_completion

Looks like it's a bug in rake. [ -n "${have:-}" ] checks if a variable named $have is set. This won't work if the previous have call failed. Replace it by have rake:

have rake && complete -F _rake $filenames rake


how to make Samsung CLX-3185 scanner-part work?

Instructions how to set-up samsung CLX-3185FW.

Source: baltas125@ubuntuforums. Originally taken from:  bchemnet.

From the 1st link:

After executing instructions I have successfully installed CLX-3185FW over the network. It prints and scans over the network. I have made it on Ubuntu 11.10, 32bit.

Before installing you MUST REMOVE any other previously installed drivers for Samsung.

Step 1 (edit sources):

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Add lines:

#samsung drivers
deb http://www.bchemnet.com/suldr/ debian extra

Step 2 (install authentication key) :

wget -O - http://www.bchemnet.com/suldr/suldr.gpg | sudo apt-key add -

Step 3 (update sources):

sudo apt-get update

Step 4 (install packages):

Open ubuntu software center and install one by one all packaged that start with samsungmfp-, excepting:

first install packages which do not have the word "legacy";
do not install packages which offer you to remove any other packages;
Do not install samsungmfp-parallel it should only be installed if your printer is actually connected via a parallel port;

Step 5a (check if you are in lp group). Run in Terminal:

cat /etc/group | grep lp

If your account name is next to lp, everything is ok, else add yourself to lp group, e.g. execute Step 5b.

Step 5b (add yourself into lp group if needed):

sudo usermod -a -G lp USERNAME

(more information about groups here)

That's it! Now you can search for your printer in network and add it as clx-3180 series and it will work.

P.S. Previously I have made some changes to some files. But I do not know if it has any impact. If you have executed the five step above and still no luck, try making those changes:

/etc/sane.d/xerox_mfp.conf

lines added

#Samsung CLX-3170fn & CLX-3175FW
usb 0x04e8 0x342a

In ...

/etc/sane.d/xerox_mfp.conf

lines added:

#Samsung CLX-3185FW
usb 0x04e8 0x343d

In ...

/lib/udev/rules.d/40-libsane.rules

lines added:

# Samsung CLX-3185FW
ATTRS{idVendor}=="04e8", ATTRS{idProduct}=="343d", ENV{libsane_matched}="yes"


Windows 10 and Ubuntu do not dual boot (after multiple attempts to fix)

You might have to, in UEFI menu, go to boot options, and then click on boot order. You will have to add shimx64.efi to your uefi boot order.


Manually mount the filesystem in read only mode.

Check to see if you have a mount point (folder for mounting your partition in) for your Windows partition in the folder /media using this command:

ls /media

If you don't see a folder for your Windows partition, you should create one with the following command:

sudo mkdir /media/windows

Next, mount the partition in read-only mode onto this folder with this command:

mount -t ntfs-3g -o ro /dev/sda3 /media/windows

Note that you should change /media/windows if your mountpoint is called something else.
    Now you will be able to view/open files on your Windows partition using any program in Ubuntu. However you will not be able to write to the partition or modify any files as it is in read only mode.That way you will recover your data


Try Ubuntu before installing - desktop screen problems

I assumed that I was having a problem with the video driver and maybe resources when the Ubuntu desktop booted up and upon the first click of the mouse my screen was distorted. I finally found on-line the Ctrl+Alt+F2 command to get to the command line, so I didn't have to do a hard shut down. I downloaded the Xubuntu i386 image to try. I used the nomodeset and vga=771 command and was able to see and use the desktop with no scrambled screen in the try Xubuntu option. I then installed it to my hard drive. The screen was at an extremely low resolution but I found information how to load the proprietary nVidia driver and all is working well so far. Now I can start to learn Linux.

If there is a good book or pdf out there for learning the command line commands and what they mean that would be extremely helpful.

As a newbie to Linux, it is extremely difficult to follow help when you don't know what the commands or terminologies mean.


Maximum 5 minute battery life with Ubuntu 11.10 on HP laptop

Just stay plugged in. If you only use it at home then that should be easy. But if you don't want to pay a huge power bill then try reducing screen brightness. Usually at lowest screen brightness when unplugged I get about 3 hours of battery. But then again I am a Compaq Presario CQ56.

I know this because I have lowered my screen brightness unplugged. If you deleted Windows and installed Ubuntu then search your power specs on-line. If you still have Windows you should be able to view your power specs by booting Windows and going to control panel.
Hope this helps.
(P.S. I no longer use Windows. I replaced Windows with Ubuntu.)


Can I develop .NET applications from virtual box on Ubuntu

yes, you can. Windows in virtualbox works very similar to how it works on a regular non virtual host. The only part that may be a bit troublesome is developing apps that use directx.


JUst click the menu button directly in your external screen, then go to select inputs and select HDMI PC, probably now is selected the HDMI AV and thats why you see the blurry fonts.

Oscar
Santiago, Chile.


You can do (in POSIX shells, including bash):
strace -e open,openat $(ps -o lwp= -LC rsync | sed 's/^/-p/')

Or in zsh:
strace -e open,openat -p${^$(ps -o lwp= -LC rsync)}

Or in fish
strace -e open,openat -p(ps -o lwp= -LC rsync)

Or in rc/es:
strace -e open,openat -p`{ps -o lwp= -LC rsync}

To see what it's doing, or
lsof -ad3-999 -c rsync

to see what files it currently has opened.


How to set a Compose Key in Ubuntu 18.04

You may use (GNOME) Tweaks to set the option.

First install Tweaks by running

sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

(or sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool).

Alternatively, for those who prefer the GUI:

launch the Ubuntu Software application.
search for "gnome tweaks".
install.

Then launch Tweaks and go to "Keyboard & Mouse" section. The "Compose Key" options is disabled by default. Click on the "Disabled" button.

Then a window will pop up. Toggle the switch at the top on and then you'll be select the compose key


Switch different language pairs with separate key combinations

Remove languages from keyboard layout

Then From Dash choose keyboard settings and then click on shortcuts then add custom shortcut

choose a name and command similar to this

setxkbmap -layout en

Then click on the "Disabled " on the right to make you shortcut lets say Alt+Shift+1

Do it again for other languages you want


How to disable dhclient completely in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS without disabling or uninstalling network manager?

In /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf add this line :

  dhcp=dhcpcd

and restart NetworkManager.


You can remove the user from the sudo group:

sudo deluser <username> sudo

This way the user will be unable to run any sudo command.


How do I check if a package is installed on my server?

Are you looking to know about all dpkg commands with options? Have a read from the below link.
15 dpkg commands to Manage Debian based Linux Servers
To List all Installed Packages
Here less is a simple text reader used to scroll through the list of packages in a new buffer that opens in the existing terminal window. The list will not be mixed with other terminal commands and output. Hit q to return to the terminal prompt. See man less for more info.
dpkg -l | less

To check whether a package is installed or not:
dpkg -l {package_name}
dpkg -l vlc

To check if the package is installed or not (for example, vlc). If installed, launch the package:
dpkg -l | grep vlc

Show the location where the package is installed. The -S (capital S) stands for "search"
sudo dpkg -S {package_name}
sudo dpkg -S skype

To use Grep to search:
dpkg -l | grep {keywords}
dpkg -l | grep pdf


If you change the hunk that starts with guest to:

guest,uid=1000,iocharset=utf8,file_mode=0660,dir_mode=0770

Does that solve it?


lynx has the record and playback flags -cmd_log and -cmd_script. For instance, if you're at the gnu.org homepage and press tab 4 times then hit enter, you go to the German version.

You can record this in Lynx with:

$ lynx -cmd_log=/tmp/gnu-log gnu.org
Looking up  'gnu.org' first
$ cat /tmp/gnu-log
# Command logfile created by Lynx 2.8.8pre.4 (04 Feb 2014)
# Arg0 = lynx
# Arg1 = -cmd_log=/tmp/gnu-log
# Arg2 = gnu.org
key Right Arrow
key Right Arrow
key Left Arrow
key <tab>
key <tab>
key <tab>
key <tab>
key ^J
key q
key <space>

In this script I entered q to quit out of lynx. So this this script will perform some action and then return to command line. On the other hand, if you want to be positioned in the lynx then just trim the last two lines from this /tmp/gnu-log file. Then you can invoke the trimmed file with:

$ lynx -cmd_script=/tmp/gnu-log gnu.org
Looking up  'gnu.org' first

... and you will be positioned on the German gnu.org page in lynx.

Finally, for scripting purposes, just include the lynx -cmd_script with the necessary arguments in a bash script.

There is a full discussion at:

http://blog.unixy.net/2009/06/script-to-automate-browsing-actions-using-lynx/

This solution doesn't allow interactive scripting. For instance, you can't programmatically evaluate a part of a webpage and then do branching operations based on the evaluation. However, it can be useful in a range of situations. You do get easy macro record and playback. Also, you can build up sequences of operations (and of course save webpages) and you can set up cron jobs.


I downloaded "fancontrol" to bring my computer's temperature down, but what do the different "pwmconfig" parameters actually do?

The 0-255 is simply a single byte.  The power to the fan is either on or off.  The speed of the fan is regulated by how long power is on vs off.  Let's say a single period lasts one second, divide that second into 255.  If your PWM is set to 64, that means that 64 out of 255 fractions of a second the power is on (~25%), and the other 191 the power is off (~75%).  The on portion is called a duty cycle.
So a value of 255 would mean power is applied 100% of the time, 0 would be 0% of the time.  How fast the fan is actually spinning is dependent on the fan itself. This is why pwmconfig is trying to determine how fast the fan spins at the given pwm values.  There are typically 25000 periods per second with fan controllers.
MINSTART is the minimum duty cycle required for the fan to break static friction and start moving.  MINSTOP is similar, the minimum duty cycle required for kinetic friction to stop the fan.  These are different values because static and kinetic friction are different.
For MINPWM if you want your fan spinning all the time, you would set it to something higher than the MINSTART, otherwise set it to 0.  I always wondered where there would be a use case for MAXPWM, and you just might have it.  In your example, if those fan speeds are to be believed, running at 100% on duty cycle is leaving your fans slower than they are capable of moving.  You would set the MAXPWM to the fans fastest speed, around 210.
To me, this suggests a fan problem, it's very odd to see the power applied 80% of the cycle being faster than 100%.  It could even be a loose/bad wire/connection, power supply issue, or the IO controller is bad.  They do sell fan controllers you can plug into the USB connector on the motherboard like CORSAIR Commander if it came down to the IO controller, and there is a github project for controlling that in Linux.


How do I print labels with a Brother PT-9500PC?

You should check Brother Drivers for Linux® distributions website. You will find there official solutions.

Here you will find instructions regarding pre-requierd procedure for installing P-touch/QL-Printer drivers. This link will get you to webpage with the drivers for PT-9500. Notice the links to installation instructions at the bottom of that table.

Brother states that installation to 64bit distributions is not supported for P-touch/QL-Printer, but maybe they are wrong. I have Brother DCP-135C and it can be installed on 64bit system (drivers are only for i386). They have FAQ for using Brother Linux printer drivers on 64bit Linux and also similar for scanners.

There is also Brother Drivers Installer for Linux Users shell script.


Double launchers and mouse captured between screens in Twinview configuration

It's under System Settings, Display, Sticky Edges. You have to set this to off.


What's the difference between package managers?

Probably the most popular package managers are apt-get, aptitude, synaptic, and Software Center. There are others (Linux Mint has its own, and there are some designed for KDE), but these are the ones you'll run into most often.

apt-get is a simple command-line tool. It's handy if you know the exact package name of what you want to install and don't want to spend time clicking through a GUI to get it.

aptitude is very similar to apt-get, and I've heard that it deals better with crazy dependency situations. Which one is really better is debatable.

synaptic is a low-level GUI. This is a good choice if you are a fairly advanced user but are not comfortable with command-line utilities.

Software Center is a very high-level, new-user-friendly GUI. Software is nicely categorized so that, if you're not exactly sure what app you want, you can find what you need quickly.  The Software Center also stands out in that it is the only package manager in this list that allows you to purchase commercial applications.

dpkg is a lesser-used, low-level package manager standard for most Debian-based systems.  In reality, apt-get, aptitude, synaptic, and the Ubuntu Software Center are all just front-ends to either dpkg or apt, which is in itself a front-end to dpkg.

In answer to your question, "which one is the recommended choice for normal day-to-day package management", I would say that Software Center is recommended for most uses. But as you gain more experience, you will find some of the features of lower-level package managers useful.


When you get to the blank screen, press ctrl+alt-F1 and log in with your user credentials at the command prompt.

Once logged in, run 'amdgpu-pro-uninstall'. This will uninstall all of the AMD Driver and you should be able to boot fine after that (just type 'reboot').

This just happened to me and everything is all fine again, looking to see if theres any updated info for 17.04 yet.


Ubuntu 17.10 used to boot on it's own, now I'm getting a menu!

{~}:$ grub-install --version
grub-install (GRUB) 2.02~beta2-36ubuntu3.14

This is the version of grub I'm using ... I can edit /etc/default/grub

I set:

GRUB_DEFAULT="0"
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT="0"
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET="false"
GRUB_TIMEOUT="-1"

and near the end of the file you may or may not see an entry

GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER="true"

and then I run sudo update-grub

and when I reboot I have no menu .. it goes directly to the first entry and boots ..never showing a menu

if you want the menu back .. make note of what it is set to before you make these changes..

Mine is

GRUB_DEFAULT="0"
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT="0"
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET="false"
GRUB_TIMEOUT="3"

and at the end of the file there is also the prober entry which is commented out for looking for other OS's if you are doing dual boots

#GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER="false"

This setting gives me the menu for 3 seconds before it goes to the 0 or first menu entry ... (first menu entry is 0, second menu entry is 1 and so on)

If this is more complicated than you want ... you can also look for Grub Customizer Ubuntu in google and the first entry will show you how to install it

Then you can launch that and under the General settings tab there is a section for visibility... just uncheck the 3 items in there .. it will recheck the third one with a 0 in the box .. don't worry about that .. and then click the save at the top .. that should also make you boot directly into Ubuntu without a menu


I'd appreciate hearing if anyone else has a better answer.

It appears that the version option to the snap command should only work for snap on ubuntu core, and furthermore it should return "series 16". So using something along the line of:

if [ -x snap ] && snap version 2>/dev/null | grep -Eqs 'series +16'; then

Should do the trick (I just typed that in so be sure to test in your code).


You can install Koala from this site

  Koala is a GUI application for LESS, Sass and CoffeeScript compilation, to help web developers use these tools more efficiently for development.


Can I install Ubuntu 14.04 on computer with that system?

Try Puppy Linux.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puppy_Linux

Puppy Linux operating system is a lightweight Linux distribution that focuses on ease of use and minimal memory footprint. The entire system can be run from RAM with current versions generally taking up about 210 MB, allowing the boot medium to be removed after the operating system has started.


First, you should check what's using up all that space with the "Disk Usage Analyzer" tool that ships with Ubuntu.

From a terminal, run:

gksudo baobab /

That should give you an idea of what uses so much space. Then:

Check how much space /root uses. Usually it should be less than 1MB. If you have anything larger in there, move it to your /home.
Check how much space /tmp uses. If it is more than a few MB, reboot your system. /tmp is cleared on every reboot but can fill up over time.
Check other folders such as /opt, and check if you put any large files there or if there are any large files that do not belong to a package. Some installers will install stuff into /opt and never remove it. Be careful when doing this.
Run sudo apt-get clean. That should remove a lot of stuff in the package cache. On my system running apt-get clean got rid of about 1.5GB of old downloaded packages that are not needed.
Reduce the size of the reserved space on /dev/sdb6. Usually 5% are reserved for the root user in case you fill up the system and need to log in as root user in an emergency. The default of 5% means 1GB on your system, you can safely reduce that to 1% (200MB) using tune2fs:

$ sudo tune2fs -m 1 /dev/sda6
tune2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)
Setting reserved blocks percentage to 1%

Uninstall some packages using sudo apt-get remove. Small tip if you use LaTeX: One of the major space wasters is usually the texlive-full metapackage. It installs gigabytes worth of documentation and other stuff, although you usually don't need it all at once. Installing texlive instead will pull in just the minimum, and download the rest when it's needed.

If you are still running out of space, as an absolute last resort you can:

Resize the /dev/sda6 partition (make it bigger) and shrink the /dev/sda7 partition using a Live CD and GParted. This could take a while and it's very easy to destroy your data, so you absolutely need to make a full backup beforehand. See this question for more detail about resizing partitions.

I would recommend against this though, as 20GB should be plenty of space for most scenarios, and you there is a real chance of data loss when resizing partitions.


Can I access my cloud files without accessing my home computer?

You will be able to access Ubuntu One, Dropbox, Sugar Sync, 4shared, Mediafire, Google Drive and most other cloud services through their websites. From there, most of them will allow you to rename, relocate, open, download ro execute the files with password permission. This will only work with an internet connection, if you are unable to establish such a connection, I recommend using a USB which can easy match 2-20GB Storage space.
Saying this, I do advise you to be cautious if you wish to access your account via free WiFi from Internet cafes or hotspots.
Good luck!
M


What player can I use to repeat a specific part of an audio file?

VLC Media player also has a looping functionality that is available in the GUI.

Found a question on SuperUser (answered by John T and tbenz9, see Sources below), which highlights the option.

To summarise the links (in case they go dead), by activating the 'Advanced controls' from the View menu, a A-B loop button will appear in the controls. Press this once at the start of where you want the loop and press again where you want the loop to finish. VLC will then repeat that section continuously.

Alternatively, if you want to initiate it from the command line (if you already have the times), you can do the following:

  vlc movie.avi --start-time 240 --stop-time 560 --repeat

Sources:

https://superuser.com/questions/306154/how-to-use-a-b-repeat-feature-of-vlc
https://superuser.com/a/306155/482489
https://superuser.com/a/770944/482489


Repercussions to sharing .bashrc across machines with Dropbox?

I don't see any real repercussions, but I suppose it depends on what you have in there! If it's just quick aliases that work the same everywhere, and cosmetic stuff, I don't see any issues.

You could either just move your .bashrc to someplace in your Dropbox folder and then symlink it on each of the machines.

  mkdir -p ~/Dropbox/dotfiles
  mv ~/.bashrc ~/Dropbox/dotfiles/.bashrc
  ln -s ~/Dropbox/dotfiles/.bashrc ~/.bashrc

I actually have quite a few dotfiles in my home folder which are actually symlinks to shared folders in my Dropbox account.

Another option is that you could create a file inside your dropbox folder to be sourced by your .bashrc:

I.e., in your .bashrc, put:

source $HOME/Dropbox/dotfiles/bashrc-shared-settings

and then create a bashrc-shared-settings file which is the stuff you want used on all machines, and you can still keep separate .bashrc files.

(You can also abbreviate source as just . in bash.)


How can I install ubuntu without a any cd or usb drive

If you are using a notebook, chances are that it has a card reader. If that's yur case, follow these instructions:

You could use an SD card from a camera, phone or any other device. Copy the contents of the card to your hard drive so you can recover them later.

We will create a bootable SD Card.

Download Linux Live USB Creator

Once you open Linux live USB Creator (LiLi), choose your SD Card reader from the list at the top.

Then you have to select the installation source: a file from your hard drive (IMG, ZIP, ISO...), a CD/DVD on your CD/DVD drive, or download your favorite distro (yes, all ubuntu flavors are available). If you select "Download", you can select a distro and download either amnually or automatically.

Persistence will let you select whether there will be a persistent drive space for your settings, so they won't be lost when yo reboot your machine (in case you plan to use Ubuntu from your SD Card only). Otherwise, the SD card will be live mode only (no setting or personal file will be saved).

You will also have the option to format the card, hide the files and include VirtualBox so you can run your distro from inside W*nd**s.

When you are ready to create your Live SD card, click the lightning bolt at the bottom left.

No matter whether you choose live mode only or persistent mode; you will always be able to install to hard disk.

Once you have installed Ubuntu, you can format your SD card again and put the original files on it again.