what could cause a script to fail to find python when it has `#!/usr/bin/env python` in the first line?

If you see the error “: No such file or directory” (with nothing before the colon), it means that your shebang line has a carriage return at the end, presumably because it was edited under Windows (which uses CR,LF as a line separator). The CR character causes the cursor to move back to the beginning of the line after the shell prints the beginning of the message and so you only get to see the part after CR which ends the interpreter string that's part of the error message.

Remove the CR: the shebang line needs to have a Unix line ending (linefeed only). Python itself allows CRLF line endings, so the CR characters on other lines don't hurt. Shell scripts on the other hand must be free of CR characters.

To remove the Windows line endings, you can use dos2unix:

sudo dos2unix /usr/local/bin/casperjs

or sed:

sudo sed -i -e 's/\r$//' /usr/local/bin/casperjs

If you must edit scripts under Windows, use an editor that copes with Unix line endings (i.e. something less brain-dead than Notepad) and make sure that it's configured to write Unix line endings (i.e. LF only) when editing a Unix file.


There is no single "elf loader." The kernel itself has an implementation for loading and executing binaries. Then there are additional libraries and utilities for working with elf files in userspace.

The following packages can be used in userspace to examine ELF files:

libdw1 - library that provides access to the DWARF debug information
libelf1 - library to read and write ELF files
elfutils - collection of utilities to handle ELF objects

Source packages are available in the Ubuntu archive. Repositories with the source are generally available at https://code.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/$sourcpackage in bzr format. Upstream source repositories may be in many different locations. Upstream kernel source is at http://kernel.org/ of course.


Yes, it is a bug. Do as follows:

Unlock Nautilus from the launcher.
Logout/login.
Run Bleachbit.
Lock the Nautilus back again.


The button resides on the client in HTML. When the button is pressed, you need to execute JavaScript to call (POST to) your web server.

Client side Ajax code:

$('.button').click(function() {
    $.ajax({
        type: "POST",
        url: "/mypage.php",
        data: { first_name: "Howard", last_name: "Johnson" }
    }).done(function( msg ) {
        alert("Data Sent: " + msg);
    });
});

Server side in PHP: /mypage.php:

<?php
echo "Hello " . $_POST["first_name"];
// Add your real code here that calls SNS
?>


FTP Connection established...Connection timed out problem with all my sites and FTP programs?

I just solved changing an option (not really required) in the settings of the ftp connection. So in the site manager, choose the connection to your ftp,
and on cryptation choose to Require explicit FTP on TLS.

When connecting it will ask about a certificate (accept it if you trust the source, that is the case, about your example), and the connection now will be working.


Drivers for Intel Graphics are already included.

Do NOT install anything else.


When I create a bootable USB device, does "Startup Disk Creator" use all the space on the device?

NO, it uses as much as it has to in order to make the device bootable but you can tell it to use more space so that you can store files on the desktop of the live session.


Your read command is wrong, it should be read string1 (and you should use -r to prevent read from mangling backslashes: read -r string1);
The test is also wrong, it should be if grep -q $string1 file.txt since you're not evaluating the output of grep but rather its return value;
You should pass the -F option to grep to prevent it from interpreting regular expression metacharacters as such: if grep -qF $string1 file.txt
You should double-quote $string1 to prevent a potential filename expansion and / or word splitting: if grep -qF "$string" file.txt

Other notes:

The exit 0 at the end is redundant and not really needed, as if the script manages to reach that point without errors it returns 0 anyway;
ShellCheck is a very useful resource to debug scripts.

So the script corrected according to the above would be:

#!/bin/sh
echo "Enter your sting: "
read string1
if grep -qF "$string1" file.txt;then
   echo "Found it"
else
   echo "Sorry this string not in file"
fi


My pc dosen't turn off since Ubuntu 14.10

That honestly sounds like a hardware issue, do you have a dualboot config set up, or a prior edition of Ubuntu to load and test?


Sometimes browsing websites seems to be somewhat “clunky” with images not loading correctly, large latency values between your computer and the DNS resolving server, and online cache issues. This may be a sign that your internet provider's DNS are not up to the task, so you may have to change to an alternative option. The two most popular DNS server alternatives are the Google Public DNS and the OpenDNS, but there are a lot more free to use alternatives as well.

Here's how to change to the Google Public DNS on Ubuntu-based distributions. Open your network settings and hop onto the “Advanced Settings”. This will open up a new window where you will find the “IPv4 and IPv6 Settings” tabs. Navigate to both and change the “Method” from Automatic (DHCP) to Automatic (DHCP) Addresses only. Then insert “8.8.8.8” on the DNS servers box of the IPv4 tab, and “2001:4860:4860::8888” on the IPv6 tab. Now, click the “Save” button and you're done.
To test whether your new DNS settings are working properly or not, insert any fixed IP address that points to a website and see if it gets correctly resolved. Insert “91.189.94.40” on your browser address bar and if it gets resolved to ubuntu.com, then you have done things right. You may always revert to your default DNS by leaving the DNS servers box blank and setting the method back to “Automatic (DHCP)”. You can also benchmark your new DNS by using the namebench open source DNS benchmarking utility, and see how much faster your internet browsing really got. It is worth noting that changing your DNS also improves your privacy, security, and may potentially open up access to geoblocked content.


Virtual machine manager is built on top of libvirt. If you are using gnome as a DE, there is a gnome application named gnome-boxes that is also built on top of libvirt and maybe it is worth checking out.

https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Boxes

http://www.howtogeek.com/213922/easily-create-kvm-virtual-machines-on-linux-with-gnome-boxes/


HP Pavilion g6 1190sm laptop has overheat/hibernation/graphics issues

Intel Garphics?

This fixed the problem on my Dell Inspiron, you can try this:

(PS: Yes, I know you don't have a nVidia Graphic Card)

https://askubuntu.com/a/133302/66277


How to get rid of low battery warning message?

I was able to fix this by opening gconf-editor, and setting the key /apps/gnome-power-manager/notify/low_capacity to false

if u don't have gconf-editor then install it

sudo apt-get install gconf-editor


Can't install GNOME extensions on Ubuntu 18.10 using Firefox

TL;DR: After changing file ownership to my current user for ~/.local (recursively) it was fixed. You might also have to reset gnome-settings using dconf reset -f /org/gnome/

Thanks to the link provided by @pomsky I learned that you could install extensions from the software center on Ubuntu. When I tried to do this I got an error. It was something along the lines of "shell.extractExtensionError".

The first suggestion to this problem suggested me to reset gnome settings with dconf reset -f /org/gnome/. After rebooting the issue was still present.

After some digging I learned that you could get more information about what was going wrong by running the command sudo journalctl /usr/bin/gnome-shell

There were a lot of errors related to opening files, so I ran sudo chown -R $USER ~/.local and this fixed the problem.


I was able to augment boot time significantly (22.242s). The UUID for my swap partition was incorrect in /etc/crypttab.


Which virtualization software supports 3D acceleration?

Vmware player supports 3d acceleration , as does virtualbox.

However, playing starcraft under virtualised windows machine would give poor performance.

A better solution would be to use wine (Open Source Software for running Windows applications on other operating systems) to run starcraft on linux without requiring virtualisation.
see this blog post (but also read the comments - some people say it works on a wine install without any tweaking!)

http://jeffhoogland.blogspot.com/2010/07/howto-starcraft-2-on-linux-with-wine.html

the wine appdb gives starcraft II a platinum status on ubuntu:

http://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=version&iId=20882&iTestingId=60579


How can I install MatLab R2015a in Ubuntu 12.04 (32- bit) system?

Get Ubuntu updated and follow the instructions:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MATLAB

To Update Ubuntu open terminal and:

sudo apt-get update
sudo do-release-upgrade


Monitor number of running processor cores via terminal

One simple way is to see how many processes are currently running according to the linux scheduler using:

grep procs_running /proc/stat

You may want to also take into consideration that some processes are temporarily blocked (say on I/O or waiting), so it may be also worth taking these into consideration:

grep procs_blocked /proc/stat


Start Ubuntu Focused on a Particular Workspace

It's actually simpler than I had imagined, you'll just need to add a command to your Startup Applications to find out which command that is, see this question.

If you choose to go with the accepted answer, you'll need to install the package wmctrl. If the first solution doesn't work for you, you can use xdotool

For example, you might add the command "wmctrl -s 3" to go to your third workspace using wmctrl. But of course you should experiment with the command to see which method works for you, then add that command to the startup apps.


Typically, the Network Manager icon at the top right will show available networks, like this: http://www.techotopia.com/images/d/de/Ubuntu_10.10_networkmanager_menu.jpg Then you click the one you want to connect to and you are challenged for the WPA2 key.

If you see no networks, it is possible that your wireless device doesn't yet have a required driver. The fastest and easiest way to collect the information is from the terminal. Please press Ctrl+Alt+t and run and post:

lspci -nn | grep 0280

Also post the result of:

rfkill list all

Your Broadcom probably requires firmware. Please hook up the ethernet and do:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source

If you have the card combination I suspect, your ethernet should now be available so do:

sudo modprobe b44
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

After a reboot, wireless networks should be selectable in Network Manager.


Alienware 17 fresh install of Ubuntu 14.04.2 can't connect wired or wirelessly

I guess I might share the same system with you. Is it Alienware 17 R2 2015? I tried to install ubuntu on my M.2 SSD with efi enabled, the installation process is successful but it won't boot. When booting it always fall back to initramfs/busybox command.

By the way, your wired and wireless card is from Qualcomm. Is it the killer 1525? This link below might be interesting with you. that is the driver for it.

https://github.com/sumdog/ath10k-firmware


If you install Ubuntu alongside Windows, you'll be able to select which OS to boot.

Your files will be available from Ubuntu. There is no need to copy them anywhere because Ubuntu can read NTFS partitions.

It is possible to remove Ubuntu. It is a bit harder than to install though.


How to open terminal output with a texteditor without the creation of a new file?

Many programs conventionally use - to mean standard input or standard output. Thus, you can open the screen output of a command in nano using - as the file name, as in:

ls | nano -

This will only work if your program does support that convention. This includes nano and vi on the terminal. Even the graphical text editor gedit supports it. However, pluma or mousepad do not support it, and instead will be instructed to create a regular file named -. In other cases, you cannot get around creating a regular intermediate file first.


Saturation and contrast settings for wine programs

I believe the option for this is in Compiz, namely brightness and contrast in Accessibility options. To get to it you need the CompizConfig Settings manager.

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Then type ccsm into run or terminal.

For individual wine programs, set the process name to the name of the .exe file (case sensitive), for example WINWORD.exe for Microsoft Word, or FL.exe for Fruity Loops.


Cannot start mongod service on Ubuntu 15.10

Here are the steps that I executed for a successful installation:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv EA312927
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org*
echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu trusty/mongodb-org/3.2 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.2.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org=3.2.4 mongodb-org-server=3.2.4 mongodb-org-shell=3.2.4 mongodb-org-mongos=3.2.4 mongodb-org-tools=3.2.4
sudo mkdir /data/db
sudo chown -R mongodb:mongodb /data

Edit /etc/mongod.conf and change dbPath to /data/db.
Edit /lib/systemd/system/mongod.service:

[Unit]
Description=
Documentation=man:mongod(1)
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
User=mongodb
Group=mongodb
RuntimeDirectory=mongod
PIDFile=/var/run/mongod/mongod.pid
ExecStart=/usr/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongod.conf --pidfilepath /var/run/mongod/mongod.pid --fork
TimeoutStopSec=5
KillMode=mixed

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Then it should work.


You using this repository and there is no version 11.2.202.468ubuntu0.14.04.1

You should use the main server in this case or wait some days until the repository has been updated.

If you do not want to wait, then use the command below

sudo -i sed 's/ubuntu-archive\.locaweb\.com\.br/archive\.ubuntu\.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list


Is there a command to pause the native Ubuntu sound player?

If you need command-line access, you can talk to it directly over DBUS. Here's an example I stole from Fran Diéguez:

  To pause:

dbus-send --print-reply --dest=org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.spotify /org/mpris/MediaPlayer2 org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.Player.Pause

  Or to toggle:

dbus-send --print-reply --dest=org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.spotify /org/mpris/MediaPlayer2 org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.Player.PlayPause

  For more commands, see the MPRIS2 Player specifications.

Taken from Oli's answer to this question.


Map a key to open terminal and execute commands

This is how I do when I need:

1) Make a script with all commands needed

Example:

#!/bin/bash

ssh user@server.etc

ssh some-command

others-commands

exit 0

2) Create the shortcut

Run gnome-control-center keyboard then go to "Shortcuts" > "Custom" > "+"

Name: Anything
Command: gnome-terminal -e "bash -c \"/path/to/script ; exit ; exec bash\""

Change "/path/to/script" for the correct path, and

delete "exit" if you don't want the terminal to close after the execution of the script.

Then choose the shortcut you wish.

Enjoy!


How can I keep recent messages in Thunderbird without deleting them from the server?

I'm using T Bird 45.5.1.

I don't allow software to delete any emails, except by rules/filters.

So, that said, I would check your server settings first.

My SERVER SETTINGS for my gmail imap account ARE CHECKED for the following:

Check for new messages at startup
Check for new messages every 10 minutes
Automatically download new messages
Leave messages on server...until I delete them

On the advanced tab, under Message Storage, I select to use the "Local" Inbox. (this allows you to use global rules for filtering)

NOTHING else is checked.

On Sync and Storage, the only difference I have from yours is that I select to sync all messages locally regardless of age. If I want to delete certain aged ones, I create a filter/rule.

Server Settings

Sync Settings

Filter Settings


Inkscape 0.91 does not install on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

I had the exact same problem, was able to fix this bug doing the following:

Made sure my system is updated

sudo apt-get update

uninstalled everything related to inkscape, PPA's icluded.
downloaded the Inkscape package for Ubuntu 16.04 from  pkgs.org/download/inkscape
installed the package from teminal using gdebi, if you don't have it install it

sudo apt-get install gdebi

then

    sudo gdebi inkscape_0.91-7ubuntu2_amd64.deb

NOTE: make sure the directory in terminal is the same one where you downloaded the .deb package or you will get a "file not found" message.

It runs fine now.

All credit for fixing this bug goes to @rancho, for all the details as to how he helped you can follow this link: unmet dependencies after upgrade to 16.04.1

Hope it fixes the bug for you too.


ubuntu 12.10 - no grub selection after install a new kernel

I don't know anything about compiling kernels, but it seems to me that Grub is set to be on hidden timeout. You should check the file /etc/default/grub, e.g. by opening your editor:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

and see if these lines look the same as yours:

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

The lines concerning GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT and GRUB_TIMEOUT should be the same. In case they are not, change them accordingly. The # before GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 makes sure hidden timeout isn't used and GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 means you get a 10 second delay before Grub boots to its default entry.

After you made changes to the Grub file and saved it, you have run:

sudo update-grub

To make sure the changes are applied. When you do this you should get the Grub menu back so you'll be able to choose the kernel or OS you want to boot again.


How To Remove Grub From Drive? + How To Fix Strange Bootloader Behavior?

See launchpad bug # 1396379 and bug # 1174357 for workarounds to the problem of the installer ignoring user input for bootloader location. Add yourself to the bug's "Does this affect me?". Basically the suggestion to install from the "try Ubuntu" desktop, start a terminal, and in a timely manner during the install, unmount the /boot/efi from the Windows disk and remount the EFI from the second disk.

Where you have already written to the first disk's EFI, just copy all the files from the first EFI to the second EFI.  The Windows bootloaders are not needed, but a good backup.  The ubuntu setup  has a ...EFI/ubuntu.grub.cfg which refers to the ubuntu root on the second disk, so will work.  The second disk's EFI also should have a device bootloader in ...EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi which should be either shimx64.efi or grubx64.efi depending upon if you installed with secure boot on).  Check the size to see which bootx64.efi is.  If it is shimx64.efi, there needs to be a copy of grubx64.efi in the same directory (EFI/Boot).

With the second disk booting successfully by selecting the device, you may remove the unwanted "ubuntu" entry in the EFI menu with efibootmgr.  Simply delete the EFI/ubuntu... directory and files if you want, but they are a backup to the second disk's EFI.

Copying the first disk's EFI files to the second disk's EFI.

Assuming you set-up or made an EFI partition on the second disk, and formatted
it with a FAT filesystem, you should have an empty filesystem on the second
EFI, regardless of what you specified to the installer as the bootloader
location. Lets assume the EFI partition is the first on the second disk so we will refer to it as /dev/sdb1 below -- adjust if you use a different disk letter or partition number. All the UEFI bootloaders are just files, and may be copied
with normal file copy tools. You should be able to boot the ubuntu on the
second disk, using the first disk's EFI bootloaders. The running system will
have mounted the first disk's EFI partition at /boot/efi -- this is the source
of the files to copy. For mounting the second disk's EFI, use /mnt, or if /mnt
is already used for anything else, make a directory in /mnt and use that for
the mount.

sudo mkdir /mnt/secondefi

Mount the second disk's EFI:

sudo mount -tvfat /dev/sdb1 /mnt/secondefi

Copy all the files from the first EFI partition to the second one

sudo cp -r /boot/efi/* /mnt/secondefi

The second disk now has a fully populated EFI partition. The EFI/ubuntu/grub.cfg file always had the UUID of the Ubuntu root partition on the second disk, (causing grub to fail if this second disk is not present), so no change is necessary.

To complete the setup of the second disk, edit the /etc/fstab entry for the
/boot/efi entry to use the UUID of the second disk's EFI.
Pick out the second disk's EFI UUID (Not the PARTUUID) from the output:

sudo blkid

Cleanup of the installer bootloader creation.
The installer will have done several things incorrectly:

1) Created an firmware entry for ubuntu pointing to the fist disk's EFI. No
entry is needed when booting the (properly set-up second disk). You may delete
this entry with efibootmgr, or leave it if you are leaving the bootloaders in
the first disk's EFI alone.

2) The EFI/ubuntu directory on the first disk's EFI may be deleted. If you do
this, you should also delete the firmware entry.

3) The first disk's EFI default/devce botloader, EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi, has
been replaced with grubx64.efi (or shimx64.efi). This bootloader should
normally not be used, but might be invoked as a fallback in some cases. The
original Windows bootloader EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi may simply be copied
back to EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi, or the backup file ...bkp copied back to
bootx64.efi.


Why does AWS's Ubuntu AMI come with an "ubuntu" user instead of just allowing root login?

I chatted with one of my friends who works on the EC2 team, and he gave me a really good explanation.

The main difference to be discussed here is between a user who can run sudo without a password and can gain all privileges with sudo (passwordless sudoer), and the root user itself. My initial thought was that these two users are essentially the same, but as my friend explains, compromising the passwordless sudoer is inherently harder than the root user, if the attack vector is through an application.

The reason for the additional difficulty is that to gain sudo privilieges as a sudoer, you need shell access. Without the shell, an application running as the passwordless sudoer is essentially just a normal user. However, this means that if the passwordless sudoer were running an application that can execute shell commands on behalf of the user (i.e. Jenkins or some other CI tool), then the system could still be compromised.

It's still probably safest to run applications as a non-sudoer, but for most cases, I imagine that the passwordless sudoer is safe enough.

Full context of the discussion:


I have the same problem in Ubuntu 18.10. The problem is observed for many different hosts. Installing an earlier version of gnutls didn't fix problem.

The solution is to install the latest version of Filezilla (e.g. FileZilla 3.40 instead of default 3.33 repo version).

You can't install the latest version from a deb package, because you'll get conflict with libhodweed4. But you can replace as like described here: How can I upgrade filezilla to the current version?


grep -- list file name where match is found

grep -H 75447A831E943724DD2DE9959E72EE31 *.html

-H, --with-filename
              Print the file name for each match. This is
              the default when there is more than one file
              to search.


This works with my Acer Aspire 8930g laptop:

  Firstly, put in /etc/init.d/local, or whatever startup script your
  distro uses to run startup commands as root: Code:

    # dmesg | grep atkbd
  setkeycodes e033 219    # euro sign
  setkeycodes e034 239    # dollar sign

  Secondly, execute these commands in your window manager startup
  (exactly how to do this, differs with every window manager, just to
  confuse us): Code:

    xmodmap -e "keycode 244 = dollar"
    xmodmap -e "keycode 195 = EuroSign"

  In my experimentations, xmodmap can be run "too soon", which prevents
  it from taking effect! Try adding "sleep 5" before the xmodmap
  commands, if they don't seem to take effect.

  Not sure if this makes a difference, but in xorg.conf I have: Code:

    Option "XkbModel" "acer_laptop"

Source: http://forums.fedoraforum.org/showthread.php?t=203271


You are missing the dependency libgcrypt11 so install it

Open a terminal and run these commands

wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/libgcrypt11_1.5.3-2ubuntu4.2_amd64.deb

When it finishes downloading run

sudo dpkg -i libgcrypt11_1.5.3-2ubuntu4.2_amd64.deb

To install the package, when it finishes, install your deb again


avconv does not support setting profile for mp4/h264/aac

Try with:

avconv -i 'Video2.WMV' \
-vcodec libx264 -preset ultrafast -profile:v baseline \
-acodec aac -strict experimental \
-r 24 -b 255k -ar 44100 -ab 59k 'Video2.mp4'

-profile:v ensures the baseline profile is applied to video only


Lubuntu 17.10 won't properly boot except through recovery mode

Not really an answer, but I can not comment on the post otherwise (sorry):

I'm having the same issue with lubuntu 17.10, which I upgrade from 17.04; it seems that this is what happens when you forgot to disable non supported software from the update manager before upgrading to the new dist. As far as I could read, this can only be fixed by reinstalling OS...


Without some context, it can be really anything!

That said, usually, you want to configure a bridge interface on a server which is a host for one or more Virtual Machines. Because you might (and usually you do) want the VM(s) to access the external (physical) network, you should have a pre configured bridge where the (virtual) interfaces of the VM(s) can join to.


Sound reverts to 2 channels from 5.1 + Analog

I was just having the exact same problem. 2.0 to 5.1 upmixing was not working after changing the track manually on any player/program. The suggested fix worked temporarily, until a different track is chosen manually. But, fortunately i found a better and permanent solution. Try this:

sudo gedit /etc/pulse/daemon.conf
enable-lfe-remixing = yes

Hope this works for you too.


Properly setting the system language to English but with Swedish locale settings

You have in /etc/default/locale (or more likely in your output from the locale command):
LANGUAGE=en_US:sv

That's wrong. en_US translation files are usually empty, since en_US is the original language. And when gettext does not find an en_US translation for a string, it falls back to Swedish in some cases.
So change that somehow to:
LANGUAGE=en_US:en


How can I keep Terminal always on top of other windows?

Right click on title bar, and choose "Always on Top".


Dual Booting problem: Grub cannot detect Windows 10

I would set that up so the Linux SSD was fully portable.  The Windows SSD can't be portable, due to licensing protections.  If you have the Linux SSD plugged in, it will give you a boot option to boot to Linux or Windows.  Otherwise, it goes straight to Windows.  I think you would agree it would be ideal to be able to take that Linux SSD to a different computer, and boot up Linux.  I have Linux like that on an SSD, and Windows is internal.

What to do to get there.  1) Make a Linux Live rescue USB/CD, and follow the instructions for doing a Windows boot repair.  (Your Linux SSD is unplugged.)  There are different flavors of rescue suites, and they all get there.  You shouldn't use your existing Linux SSD for this, as it's tied to the computers boot system. 2)  Make your Linux SSD portable.  You can google for the methodology.  It's easiest to do this during Linux installation, but you can modify your existing Linux SSD using that same Linux Live rescue USB/CD.  For that, you will need to do a deeper Google search, for repairing a Linux bootup.  Be sure you have read through how to install a Linux system as portable first, so you know where you need to be.


Deleting files in a pattern dump-{date}.-id.zip

Given the output, a simple rm dump-*.zip should be enough. No other files start with dump- and end with .zip.

If you feel pedantic:

find . -maxdepth 2 -regextype egrep -type f -regex './dump-[0-9]{4}(-[0-9]{2}){2}_[0-9]{6}-[0-9]{3}\.zip' -delete


Downloading and installing programs in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

Ubuntu has pre-installed Software center where you can download software. Otherwise you can get your program from command line with this command:

sudo apt-get install program


Alternative terminal for Ubuntu that supports predefined sessions

After looking around for a bit, the closest application to meet all your requirements would be terminator

It doesn't have tabs but you can split the windows any way you want to.
It does have options to customize colors and other things the way you want.
It also has a notification plugin that you can setup to use to watch for inactivity or activity, depending on your need. There's a question here, What do the ActivityWatch and InactivityWatch plugins do?, that you can use to understand this plugin.


How do I install Ubuntu with windows 8.1 on Toshiba? (now upgraded to win10)

I have Win8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04 dual booted on a Toshiba S50-B. Here are some things that you should try that worked for me:

Change from UEFI boot to CSM Boot. This is important as the bios will on boot UEFI compatible OSs unless it's in CSM mode.

Change the boot priority to try booting from USB before it tries to boot from HDD or SSD. Otherwise your bios will see the Windows and boot straight to it before checking if there is a USB option.
Check this Toshiba Guide for a little more info on how to make these changes if you need.

Ensure that you are actually turning your computer off. Usually when you power down a UEFI computer, it goes into a sleep state. On Win8.1 you need to shift click the power button to bring up the option to "Shut Down" your computer.

If none of the above help, try looking at this tutorial that shows how to select a USB to boot from directly from Win8 and Win8.1. I will try to find a similar thing for Win10.


Here's an awk script:

awk '
function show(){
  if(lastkey=="")return
  printf "%-10s ",lastkey
  for(i=3;i<=NF;i++)printf "%9f ",values[i]
  printf "\n"
}

/MOLECULAR ORBITALS/ {F=1}
F && $1~/[0-9]+[A-Z]+/ {
 key = $1; subkey=$2; gsub(/[^a-z]/,"",subkey);
 newkey = key " " subkey;
 if(lastkey == newkey)
   for(i=3;i<=NF;i++)values[i] += $i
 else{
  show();
  lastkey = newkey;
  for(i=3;i<=NF;i++)values[i] = $i
 }
}
END{ show(); }
' test.out

The show() function at the start is to allow the last set of
values to be printed at eof without duplicating the code.
The gsub() removes the digits from the 2nd field ($2).
newkey is then the concatenation of the 1st field with this, to test
on later lines for similarity.
When lines are similar, the fields 3 to the end (NF number of fields) are
added to the previous values, else they are printed and zeroed.


This link detailing the H610 setup can be used to setup the H420 as well: HUION H610 Tablet

I would use the latest source code, and not any of the releases v5, v6, etc.

For a script to control the buttons you can pull what you like from the following post: Limit a graphics tablet to one monitor


I don't know how well it compares to pdftk, but there is Djvulibre. A quick overview of the tools it comes with:

  c44: a wavelet-based continuous-tone image encoder (à la JPEG-2000).
  cjb2: single page encoder for bitonal images (black and white scans).
  cpaldjvu: encoder for palettized images (a la GIF, but better).
  bzz: a general-purpose data compressor (a la bzip2).
  djvused: a powerful command interpreter for manipulating DjVu documents.
  ddjvu: converts DjVu documents to PBM/PGM/PPM images.
  djvudump: displays the structure of a DjVu file.
  djvuextract: extracts chunks from a DjVu file.
  djvumake: assemble chunks into a DjVu file
  djvutxt: extract the "hidden text" from a previously OCRed DjVu document.

You can install the djvulibre tool-suite on Ubuntu with:

sudo apt-get install djvulibre-bin


According to the package description, it monitors free disk space on the Home partition and warns you on low disk space.

  KDE Daemon module for low disk space

  This is a small KDED module that
  monitors free disk space on the home
  directory partition and shows a
  warning dialog when it runs too low,
  with a configurable limit and the
  possibility to postpone.


How to broadcast message to all logged in users through Terminal?

Use the wall command, it can be used as so:

echo "message" | wall

This will broadcast the message in Terminal to all logged in users through Terminal.


You can check your HDD without need of log in, as Mark Kirby pointed out. Just create a Live USB where you can install HDD checkers.

Create a Live USB

On windows I advise downloading Rufus USB Creator.

1- Open Rufus and select your USB stick in the 'Device' dropdown

2- Click the CD Rom icon next to the 'FreeDOS' dropdown, then find your downloaded Ubuntu ISO and click 'Open' and then 'Start'

3- Click 'Yes' when it asks to download Syslinux software

4- Click 'OK' to write in ISO Image mode

5- Confirm that your USB stick is selected and then 'OK' to continue

6- When it is finished, just restart your computer and start using Ubuntu, or you can install Ubuntu

7- Plug the USB into your laptop, and boot from USB. Click on "Try Ubuntu"

Check the HDD state

Quoted from @Oli's answer here:

  For the desktop, you can use "Disk Utility" (aka palimpsest or
  gnome-disks depending on the Ubuntu release) for this.

  For the command line, I suggest you install the smartmontools
  package and play around with smartctl. Eg:

sudo smartctl --all /dev/sda

Source:  How to check the health of my hard drive  and  How to Create a bootable usb stick on Windows


You're better off pasting code to python interpreter. In the shell, however, you can start here-doc redirection with python <<EOF, paste code, and close it with EOF. Like so:

$ python3 <<EOF
> for i in range(5):
>     print(i)
> EOF
0
1
2
3
4

Of course, make sure you're using proper Python version and your code syntax matches that.

If you wanna get creative, install xclip package to access clipboard contents programmatically ( installation is done via sudo apt-get install xclip) and create the following function in your .bashrc, then source it:

pyfromclip(){ python3 < <(xclip -o -sel clip); }

This function uses process substitution < <() feature of bash, and redirects output of xclip, which releases clipboard contents to its stdout stream, into python's stdin stream.

$ cat ./hello_world.py

d = { "Hello": 1, "World": 2 }

for key,value in d.items():
    print(key,value)
$ xclip -sel clip ./hello_world.py
$ # We copied into clipboard, so now let's run it
$ pyfromclip
Hello 1
World 2


Just installed Ubuntu Server 20.04 on a tablet (Teknio EL2IN1-1102T) without an ethernet connector. Netplan isn't connecting to wifi

Create /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following:
network: {config: disabled}

Edit your /etc/netplan/*.yaml file to look exactly like this... same spacing, same indentation, no tabs... fill in the network name and password...
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  wifis:
    wlan0:
      dhcp4: true
      access-points:
        "network_ssid_name":
          password: "**********"

sudo netplan generate
sudo netplan apply
reboot
Note: If this tablet is mobile, Ubuntu Desktop might be a better choice.
Update #1:
Install wpasupplicant this way...
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wpasupplicant
reboot
Then it should work.
Update #2:
Go to https://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=wpasupplicant&searchon=names&suite=focal&section=all and download the wpasupplicant to your USB drive, then install it with sudo apt install /path_to/filename.deb or sudo dpkg -i /path_to/filename.deb.


for some reason the article that I followed on rackspace (http://www.rackspace.com/knowledge_center/article/configuring-basic-security-0) instructed to set 600 permissions on the public key on the server:

chmod 600 /home/ubuntu/.ssh/authorized_keys

this I guess was the problem. When I enabled read permissions for the owner it all worked:

ubuntu@myserver:~$ l -l .ssh/
total 12
drwx------ 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4096 Oct  1 18:47 ./
drwxr-xr-x 4 ubuntu ubuntu 4096 Oct  1 18:46 ../
---S--S--- 1 ubuntu ubuntu  398 Oct  1 18:45 authorized_keys
ubuntu@myserver:~$ chmod u+r .ssh/authorized_keys
ubuntu@myserver:~$


Had the same problem. I found a working solution in reddit:

Setting autoScale=false in ~/.config/zoomus.conf works!


Playing video prevents sleep on low battery

Most Apps when playing videos are set to not let the pc go to sleep:

Check this link for an example


How to install apache on a Raspberry Pi 2 Ubuntu Snappy Core?

At this stage you have 3 options:

Use one of the basic webserver example given in the Ubuntu Core documentation
Build Apache for Ubuntu Core (i.e create your yaml file and go through the packaging process)
Use a Docker container on Snappy and install Apache in this container

We're just at the beginning of Ubuntu Core and still need help porting applications like Apache webserver to it (basically repackaging). Any help repackaging application would be appreciated! We're trying to publish as much of the new applications ported on the developer.ubuntu.com/snappy feel and always welcome demand for new packages to be ported.


Get your ip address by googling "what is my ip address". Then take that ip address and add an A record for your domain that points to that ip.

If the computer that's hosting the site connects to the internet through a router then you will need to log into the admin gateway for that router by typing your default gateway ip address into the address bar in any browser.

Your router's ip will usually be 192.168.1.1 or 10.0.0.1.

Once you log into the admin portal for router then you will have to forward ports 80 and 443 to the internal ip of the computer that is hosting the site.

You can get the internal ip of your computer by typing either ifconfig or ipconfig into your console or command prompt. Your internal ip will usually start with 192.168.###.### or 10.0.###.###.


What does ~/ mean before a directory's name in the terminal?

~ is a shortcut for the home directory, so

cd ~/mydirectory

Will move to mydirectory if there is such a directory in your home folder, otherwise it will throw a directory does not exist error.

Example:

Your home directory is located at /home/<username>.

Trivia: This is why the default bash prompt has a tilde in it like this user@host:~$. The tilde indicates that you are currently in your home directory. If you move somewhere else, for example into /etc it will show user@host:/etc$.


Cannot export win guest from Virtualbox on ubuntu 14.04 host E_ACCESSDENIED

oho. Found a running VirtualBox management GUI process /usr/lib/virtualbox/VirtualBox that wasn't connected to my Vncserver session, just idling along doing goodess-knows-what, with no way to look at it.  That's a bit of sickness.

All my VMs were down, so I hunted down and stopped all virtual box processes that I owned.  Then retried the export.  Success!

I suspect that the running manager kept some file open within the VM's directory, and when the exporter tried to get a lock, it failed; but that's just a SWAG.

HTH


Im trying to change my screen resolution during boot

About the procedure in the article you are referring to.

You have probably changed the config file but that is not enough. Double-check you executed update-grub afterwards (this makes the change permanent).

sudo update-grub

You run it in a VM. Please check which video card you are emulating in that VM. In my case I chose video=QXL (but that is a VM created with QEMU-KVM; yours is probably different). Choose something more advanced than video=VGA or =Cirrus; for example chose VMVGA if that is available for your VM.


How can I activate "save changes" dialogs with my keyboard?

You can press Alt and see the shortcuts.

You can press Alt+C as in this case, to Cancel.


1Tb Seagate Backup Plus Drive: It shows the drive as empty but has used half of available space

The

ls: reading directory '.': Input/output error

means that there's a problem with the filesystem.  This could be with the filesystem itself (corrupt filesystems tables), or the disk itself (hardware failure).

Unmount the drive first

sudo umount /dev/sdb1

carefully checking it doesn't throw an error.  If it throws no warning, do a filesystem check. It's an NTFS partition, so you can try

sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdb1

or plug it into a Windows machine and run a partition verify there.

If that doesn't work, open another window and type:

sudo tail -f /var/log/syslog

and leave it open.  This will show you the logs relating to what you are trying.

Then go back to your original window and type ls again.

What you will see in the log is a reason for the error.  Depending on the type of failure this may be alot of log lines.   Please try to isolate the actual error and put it in your question.


broadcom 4313gn wifi adapter can't connect wifi 12.04

I believe the Broadcom STA driver is incorrect for your device 14e4:4727. Please open a terminal and do:

sudo su
apt-get remove --purge bcmwl-kernel-source
echo brcmsmac >> /etc/modules
exit

Reboot and your wireless should be operating correctly.


firefox process dies after ssh log out on remote machine

With firefox , you are better off using a tunnel

ssh -D 8080 -CfN user@server

-D flag sets up dynamic port forwarding
-C uses compression
-f puts ssh into the background
-N Do not execute a remote command (useful for tunnels)

See man ssh for details

You then configure Firefox to use socks5 on localhost port 8080

Under preferences -> advanced -> network tab

To close the tunnel, use

killall ssh

See also: https://calomel.org/firefox_ssh_proxy.html


Can I increase my hard disk space in virtual box which is running Windows 7 currently?

For example in order to increase the virtual disk size to 60GB you need to run the following command:

VBoxManage modifyhd "/home/agha/VirtualBox VMs/agha rehan abbas/agha rehan abbas.vdi" -–resize 60000 (size is in MB)

Then you need to start you Windows machine and go to Control Panel -> Administrative Tools -> Computer Management -> Disk management right click the disk and select Extend volume to add the unallocated space to the current volume.


Can't resume from suspend with dual monitors on Xubuntu 16.04

I can't comment so I'm posting here. Have you tried logging out? CTRL + ALT + T and enter 'gnome-session-quit'. (blindly of course) and see if that resumes the display?

Also, you mention that you have one 24" and one 27" - That might be the issue on why your Nvidia drivers can't resync.

Try using the article you've linked to see if you can set it to resume with your main monitor only targeting display settings.


Compaq Presario R3000 randomly fails to boot on 11.10, 12.04, 12.10

I had exactly the same problem. The laptop would freeze on boot up most but not every time.

I found this page:
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42715

The bug still seems to exist but there is a workaround by adding the boot option in Grub:

pcmcia_rsrc.probe_io=0

It turns off pcmcia io probing in the pcmcia_rsrc kernel module. It fixed the problem for me.


Ubuntu 18.04 freezes frequently and sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall does not work

It seems you are missing the following lines from your /etc/apt/sources.list file:
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates main restricted

You will need to edit your /etc/apt/sources.list file but first, run the following command to make a backup of the file:
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sourceslist

Now, run the following command which will edit your file and add the missing lines:
printf '\ndeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted\ndeb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates main restricted\n' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list

Finally, run the following commands to update your package list and install the nvidia driver:
sudo apt update
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

Also, you should probably run a full upgrade as you are most likely missing other updates:
sudo apt full-upgrade

Please post any errors.


package information was last updated 63 days ago, even though the Ubuntu is up to date

That's usually caused by one of your software repositories failing (such as a PPA that no longer works).

Try this from a terminal:

sudo apt-get update

You should see a message about a repository error. If you don't see the message, scroll through all the output until you find it.

Once you find the culprit, disable it in Software Sources and update again. The message should go away.


Install Ubuntu 10.04 without installing GRUB, then boot 12.04, open a terminal and run this command:

sudo update-grub

12.04's Grub2 will add 10.04 to list. It will boot both 32 and 64 bit versions of the kernel.


Software & Updates "Settings" button missing

I found the answer: sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
This gave me the following:

The following NEW packages will be installed:
  apturl apturl-common nautilus-share software-properties-gtk ubuntu-desktop

I have no idea how these got deleted, but they're back now.


Part of the issue might be with Debian ruling the OSL V1.1 (Magento is now under 3.0) as a non-free license. Conversations on the debian-legal mailing list went:

  http://www.opensource.org/licenses/osl.php

  We did this one a few months back, but nobody raised the
  patent/reciprocity thing at that time. Here's the offending clause:

  10) Mutual Termination for Patent Action. This License shall terminate
  automatically and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted
  to You by this License if You file a lawsuit in any court alleging
  that any OSI Certified open source software that is licensed under any
  license containing this "Mutual Termination for Patent Action" clause
  infringes any patent claims that are essential to use that software.

  I think this one's non-free too. It's certainly absurdly overbearing.

And more on that here.

It still seems to be GPL-incompatible because of the way it adds extra restrictions. I didn't think GPL compatibility was a necessity for universe inclusion, but Debian getting in a fluster over it will have stalled the upstream packaging process.

There's no reason why that should have stopped an Ubuntu user from packaging it. It just needs somebody who's willing to take up the task. I should add that this is not a one-off job. Security updates need to be pushed as soon as they're available.


Use shift with the normal keys in the terminal, ie Shift + Ctrl + V, etc.

I think it's changed because Ctrl + C is meaningful to the terminal as an interrupt, so shift was added for all of them.

Edit:

I just realized that you when you said "disabled", you may not have meant it simply doesn't work.  If you right-click, and "paste" is actually disabled (ie, "grayed out"), then that would probably mean that the clipboard data is not  something that the terminal can handle.


How to enable volume adjust sound effect for keyboard shortcuts on Ubuntu 18.04

I had the exact same issue and reinstalled the same packages as you. Eventually, I got things working again by installing libcanberra-pulse which had somehow been uninstalled.

libcanberra is a "simple abstract interface for playing event sounds".
https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic/libcanberra-pulse


wifi and bluetooth not working in ubuntu

After fresh install of your ubuntu run
   sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
Option 1.Then open additional drivers tab in driver manager and it shows ur unused drivers.. select them and apply changes....(it won't show this options unless u run above command)
Option

2.if this doesn't work then connect  bootable pendrive of Ubuntu u installed on your pc and do additional driver selection thing again....reboot and this will solve your problem
(It worked on my Ubuntu and mint too)


Issues with extensions interfering with the dock in Ubuntu 19.04

In your Dash-to-Dock settings, under the tab Lauchers, enable the "Show Favorite Applcations":


Global variable not automatically loaded from .profile

The reason why PATH works without export is that it is set as an environmental variable before ~/.profile is run. To change an existing environment variable,

VAR=foo

is sufficient.

To add a variable to the environment, you need to do

export NEWVAR=bar

Please see EnvironmentVariables for further reading on the topic.


apt-get install with '-' (minus / hyphen) removes packages

From man apt-get:

install
   install is followed by one or more packages desired for
   installation or upgrading. Each package is a package name, not a
   fully qualified filename (for instance, in a Debian system,
   apt-utils would be the argument provided, not
   apt-utils_1.2.10_amd64.deb). All packages required by the
   package(s) specified for installation will also be retrieved and
   installed. The /etc/apt/sources.list file is used to locate the
   desired packages. If a hyphen is appended to the package name (with
   no intervening space), the identified package will be removed if it
   is installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate a
   package to install. These latter features may be used to override
   decisions made by apt-get's conflict resolution system.


This happens because the power management switches off usb devices in order to save power after a certain period of inactivity. Although there are solutions to solve this manually I recommend to install software called tlp.

sudo apt-get install tlp

This software offers options to control power management in a  safe way without having to set things manually in relevant files, like what you've found to be a solution. It works equally good at both laptops and desktops.

More info about tlp can be found at several sites like for example this one: http://linuxg.net/how-to-install-tlp-0-6-on-ubuntu-14-10-ubuntu-14-04-ubuntu-12-04-and-derivative-systems/


Ubuntu 18.04 reenable SSH password prompt with git

In case git is using ssh-agent (I am guessing a bit here), you would have to issue the command

ssh-add -D

to make it forget cached credentials for all your private keys. Those credentials would have been forgotten after a reboot of the system as well.


Single tap working as right click and double tap as single in Ubuntu 18.04 with Unity

You can add xserver-xorg-input-synaptics package and enable tapping.

Steps:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-synaptics
sudo mkdir -p /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d
sudo touch /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/40-libinput.conf
Add the following config in 40-libinput.conf

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "libinput touchpad catchall"
    MatchIsTouchpad "on"
    MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
    Driver "libinput"
    Option "Tapping" "on"
EndSection

Restart lightdm - systemctl restart lightdm

Source: https://wiki.debian.org/SynapticsTouchpad


Type this into your terminal(CTRL+ALT+T):

sudo gconftool-2 --set --type boolean /desktop/gnome/peripherals/touchpad/touchpad_enabled false

To disable your touchpad permanently.


Error/problem connecting (Windows 10 RDP into XRDP)

I found this one really worked for me.
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1314336

I summarize here the solution:

  I had to remove xrdp, vnc4server, tightvnc, which were all installed in the wrong order. I had to install tightvncserver, then install xrdp.

sudo apt-get remove xrdp vnc4server tightvncserver
sudo apt-get install tightvncserver
sudo apt-get install xrdp

Then restart the xrdp service:

sudo service xrdp restart


What good resources exist for an inexperienced user to explain how to safely upgrade Ubuntu Mate to 18.10 from 18.04?

Welcome, Hal. Lots of older folks use Ubuntu, and lots of older folks are here on AskUbuntu. The kids here can be noisy...but kids have always been noisy.

"Keeping up to date" could mean two things - security updates or latest-and-greatest versions of software. A lot of people get the two mixed up, but there's a difference. Security updates keeps your system safe from many (not all) forms of hacking. Latest-and-greatest includes security updates plus new non-security features and changes. Some people dislike those changes, especially if a favorite feature gets hidden or removed.

ALL supported releases of Ubuntu get security updates. You don't need to worry about that. If you like your desktop the way it is right now, and don't want it to change, then stick to an LTS release of Ubuntu. If you want to see the new stuff, then try the standard every-6-month release of Ubuntu.

You SHOULD have a way to backup your personal data (located in /home) in case your machine gets clobbered by water or cats or kids or a power surge. Lots of ways to do that.

You DON'T need any separate partitions (with one exception for EFI, used for booting). You DON'T need a separate /boot, you DON't need to use PPAs. That kind of stuff is completely optional, do them only if you wish to. If you let the Ubuntu installer stick to the default choices, it will build you a nice, sane, usable system...and that's exactly what we recommend to most new users.

Some new users, after a few months, change their partitions, try PPAs, install another desktop flavor, or otherwise customize their system. But lots of people stick to the basic install quite happily for many years.


Commandline shortcut for current directory similar to ~ for home directory?

Your current directory is . .  So, cp /foo/fam/foo . copies the file to your current directory.

The analogous construction for "one directory up," or the parent directory of your current working directory, is two dots, i.e., .. . (Thanks @djeikyb .)

So, from /usr/house/firstfloor/basement , cd .. takes you one level up to /usr/house/firstfloor.

In the same example (starting from /usr/house/firstfloor/basement, the command cd ../.. would take you to /usr/house .

You can also use $PWD with echo to get your current directory:

echo $PWD

Incidentally, $OLDPWD will give you your previous directory.  (Which in bash you can also reach by typing cd - .)


completely remove xfce from xubuntu 13.04 and install gnome

Start with installing "gnome-session" then you can change your desktop environment from xfce4 to gnome at log in time.

If you really want to remove xfce4 after trying gnome check out the instructions here. They were written for 12.10 but it will point you in the write direction.

Many of the packages you're instructed to remove are useful programs that work in gnome as well as xfce4 (such as abiword, gmusicbrowser to name two).

I'd start by limiting myself to removing packages named "xf*" or "xubuntu*". After remove those packages many orphaned libraries can be autoremoved.

Don't just cut and paste the instructions there or you'll end up installing Unity again by installing "ubuntu-desktop".


lighttpd shows 404 not found when i enter a subdirectory

I fixed this by adding

#directory listing
dir-listing.activate = "enable"
dir-listing.hide-dotfiles = "enable"
dir-listing.encoding = "utf-8"

at the end of the configuration file ;)


How do I stop Flash video being squashed and broken?

This seems to be a problem on some computers with Intel graphics cards and Lubuntu. Only follow this if you're using an Intel graphics card.

I had the same exact problem with my kids laptop running Lubuntu 13.04.  I installed, and re-installed flash, tried an older version of flash, and other things, and nothing seems to work.  All I had to do was to download and install the latest graphics driver.  In my case it wan an Intel built in graphics adapter.

Note: I have Lubuntu install updates, and other restricted during installation, and I didn't have to do anything with installing flash.

Only Intel

Download this driver from Intel. Go for the latest version but make sure that you get the right architecture (32 vs 64 bit). You can check this in a terminal by running uname -i. If it says x86_64, you want the 64 bit version, otherwise assume you need the 32 bit version.

Then to install it, just press Control+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, navigate to the Downloads folder, and run the command(s) below:

sudo dpkg -i <file_name>.deb

Once installed, go under the menu, and click on the Intel driver installer.  I believe it under the accessories menu, but I'm not sure, just look for it.  Once it download the needed files, reboot the system, and see.


Is there a way to configure all files in a folder using a particular software?

Please try the following command in your terminal:

for f in $(ls -1 *.wav);do SMILExtract -C config/MFCC12_E_D_A.conf -I $f -O $f.mfcc.htk ; done;

You can see more looping constructs in this bash manual.


How can I install the ATI video card driver for Ubuntu 12.04? (ati radeon hd 3200)

I have found that the best way for me to install drivers is by using the "Additional drivers" option first before trying the cli method.

In your dash type "Additional" and that should bring up the additional drivers app.
Let it scan your system and then it should give you the drivers to choose from.
Install the "current" driver and see if that solves it for you.


You might want to check out Midori it is a lightweight browser, the description on its website says

  Midori is a Web browser that aims to be lightweight and fast. It
  aligns well with the Xfce philosophy of making the most out of
  available resources. It has a customizable interface using the GTK+
  toolkit.

It is still a fully featured browser, so Java script support should not be an issue.

You can find it in the repository

sudo apt-get install midori


Fatal error: Call to undefined function json_encode

I cannot and should not mark this as a duplicate, because it was asked on another stackexchange site, but this question may answer the problem that you are experiencing. Incase of future deletion of said question, here is what it says. Note that everything written after this will not be my work, but @MirroredFate's.

Short answer:

sudo apt-get install php5-json

Then of course make sure you restart Apache:

sudo service apache2 restart

Or if you are using PHP-FPM:

sudo service php5-fpm restart

Explanation

Debian has removed the previous JSON extension as of PHP 5.5rc2 due to a license conflict.

The JSON license has a clause which states:

  The Software shall be used for Good, not Evil.

This causes a problem with Free Software Foundation's definition of free software which states:

  The freedom to run the program, for any purpose (freedom 0).

FSF goes on to specifically list the JSON license as nonfree.

Yes it seems a bit silly. Nevertheless Debian has removed the non-compliant JSON extension, and instead offered a replacement extension that is functionally equivalent.

To be clear: PHP itself has NOT removed JSON, it's still in master. This is a distro / package manager issue.

Rasmus makes it pretty clear:

  We have not removed json and we will never release a version of php without json support built in. Any changes in 5.5 is due to whatever distro packaging you are using which we have no control over.

More details

http://iteration99.com/2013/php-json-licensing-and-php-5-5/

http://liorkaplan.wordpress.com/2013/06/01/bye-bye-non-free-php-json-extension/

https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=63520

http://philsturgeon.co.uk/blog/2013/08/fud-cracker-php-55-never-lost-json-support


The following script will copy a defined logfile (source) up to a number you can define (max_number, up to 99 as the script is now) into a directory you can set (dest). The log files will be named "01logfilename", 02logfilename etc, up to the number you define.

If the max number of copies is reached, the script will always keep the last (defined) number of logs, renaming the files each time the script is run.

You can run the script by adding it to your startup applications (Dash > Startup Applications). Note that you need to have sufficient permissions on the destination if you run it on login.

The script

#!/usr/bin/python3
import os
import shutil

source = "/path/to/logfile"
dest = "/path/to/destination/to_keep_the_logs"
max_number = 10 # set number up to 99

files_indest = [i for i in sorted(os.listdir(dest)) if not i.endswith("~")]
sections = [(item[:3], item[3:]) for item in files_indest]
number_oflogs = len(files_indest)

def convert_figures(number):
    if len(str(number)) < 2:
        return "0"+str(number)
    else:
        return str(number)

def lognumbers():
    return [convert_figures(number+1) for number in range(0, number_oflogs+1)]

lognumbers = lognumbers()

if number_oflogs >= max_number:
    os.remove(dest+"/"+files_indest[0])
    for index in range(1, number_oflogs):
        shutil.move(dest+"/"+files_indest[index],
        dest+"/"+lognumbers[index-1]+files_indest[index][2:])
    shutil.copyfile(source, dest+"/"+lognumbers[-2]+source.split("/")[-1])
else:
    shutil.copyfile(source, dest+"/"+lognumbers[-1]+source.split("/")[-1])

How to use

Copy the script and paste into an empty textfile, safe it as
logscript.py
Set the source (log) file after source (e.g. source = "/var/log/Xorg.0.log")
Set the destination folder, to keep the log files, after dest
Set the max number of logfiles to keep
Add the following command to your Startup Applications: python3 /path/to/script/script.py

No need to say that if you want / need to run the script before login, you need to start it on another level.


Have you tried using the official drivers from Canon?


I think the normal Ubuntu version (http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/) should work. Check out the Ubuntu system requirements at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/SystemRequirements, as far as i can see, your laptop has the required features to work with Ubuntu.


Imaging

Imaging a drive is generally for back-up purposes. The best way to use the computer imaging process would be to take an image of a healthy computer, copy that image file and put it in a safe place, then set up an incremental backup on the original image.

That way when there is a problem with the incremental backup you can always restore to a working state up to the last know safe increment.

Cloning

Cloning a drive actually clones the entire contents of the drive to another drive or partition (and does not create an image file).

clone a hard drive to upgrade to a larger one.
clone contents of a failing drive to a new one.

  I need to replicate all installed softwares/packages into it(For example I have installed ruby on it). So what is the best way for doing it.

if you want to backup your system but not use it: image it.
if you want to use that other version (to replace the old one): clone it.


Ubuntu does not provide processor specific kernels. If you are running a 64 bit version of Ubuntu then you are already running a kernel that will use the AMD K7 capabilities.

If you want a kernel compiled to match your specific processor then you will have to compile your own kernel. But it's almost certainly not worth your while - the link has reasons for and against if you want to know more.


sudo chgrp www-data *yourfile* will do it for individual files.

to do it for all files within a specific directory, change the group for that directory with the same command

sudo chgrp www-data /path/to/your/dir

then use the chmod command to make all files created within that directory belong to the group the directory belongs to with

sudo chmod g+s /path/to/your/dir


Simple command not executing on start up

When you set a command to be scheduled at startup, you should use full paths, not ~:

sh -c 'mv /home/username/Downloads/*.torrent /home/username/Torrent-Backup/'

Replace username with your user name.


opengl drivers broken, glxgears won't run

You have a hybrid Intel/Nvidia graphics system. I believe that this should work to get your Intel graphics running.

sudo apt-get install mesa-utils

To get your Nvidia graphics working, see this link: Switchable laptop graphics issues on Ubuntu 12.04?


ubuntu locale difference between zh_CN.utf8 and zh_CN.UTF-8

What is the difference between en_AG and en_AG.UTF-8 ?

en_AGNot having character encoding facility , so it must look up when encoding needed. but en_AG.UTF-8 have character encoding , so it will take care of encoded characters when it needs to do.


How to Disable KDE Wallet and have "remember password" working

I solved this issue by going into the network manager settings by clicking the wifi/network icon in the taskbar > Settings icon, and then from the networks screen that appears, I right-clicked my connection, clicked edit, and then under the "General configuration" tab, ticked the "All users may connect to this network" check box. When I restarted my computer, I wasn't asked to enter the kwallet password and connected to my network automatically.

Perhaps this solution may also solve the problem you are having with kwallet.


How to install pantheon-files on Ubuntu 17.04?

No there is release for 17.04.
Only way is this:

edit the source list of elementary os ppa:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/elementary-os-ubuntu-daily-zesty.list

after change "zesty" or name of version of ubuntu with "xenial" like as:

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/elementary-os/daily/ubuntu xenial main
# deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/elementary-os/daily/ubuntu xenial main

after:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pantheon-files


Well, vim uses color template files for syntax highlighting. This has nothing to do with the output of grep which uses ANSI escape sequences (the \[033; stuff you mentioned).

My vim doesn't have a style file for syslog and does not color it (I checked both on Debian and on Ubuntu 14.04). If you look at the relevant file on your system, you will find it starts with a regular expression that defines the files to match against. So, if you make your /tmp/fileOUT match that syntax, it should be colored. Don't use --color=always, that will just screw things up.

Alternatively, you could use source-highlight. Install it with sudo apt-get install source-highlight and then run:

sudo tail -n 50 /var/log/syslog | source-highlight --out-format=esc -o STDOUT -s log

The command above will color the last 50 lines of /var/log/syslog:


Found the answer:

In /var/log/ there wasn't an nginx folder.

I added an nginx folder to /var/log/ so that the /var/log/nginx folder is present and usable.


You can't really install the exact one that's on 12.10, but you can do this instead...

Run this to install:

add-apt-repository ppa:markjtully/ppa

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install unity-lens-shopping-alternate

To uninstall:

sudo apt-get remove unity-lens-shopping


The error messages are due to a failure to mount snap volumes for installed snap packages. That indeed was due to tampering with system folders for snap. Before proceeding with a full reinstall, you could attempt whether removing and reinstalling the snaps, or, one step further, the snap daemon snap may already restore the system.
First try just removing and reinstalling all snaps. List snaps with snap list, remove snaps individually with snap remove <package>. Note that some snaps, e.g. core cannot be removed before removing snaps that use them, so the order of removal is important. You will see in error messages whether that is the case.
If that fails, try purging and reinstalling the entire snap system: sudo apt remove --purge snap, to be sure reboot at that point and then reinstall snap: sudo apt install snap, which will automatically restore the needed system files and folders.


"method driver /usr/lib/apt/methods/https could not be found" update error

Try:

sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https


Go to startup Applications in the dash.
Add a new startup program "Brightness Level" and add in the command line:
xbacklight -set XX
XX being the level you wan at boot. I think it's a 100 scale. I've set mine at 60.
Best,


Internal and External microphones not registering sound

I had a similar problem, and the way I solved it was by going into the PulseAudio Volume Control, Configuration tab, and selected the Analog Stereo Duplex profile. The internal microphone started working immediately. For some reason, Analog Stereo Output was selected, which prevented input devices from working. Hope it helps.


Acer Aspire 5740 (model MS2286), do I have bluetooth?

I own three Acer laptops, none of which have bluetooth, but all have a bluetooth switch. If you turn on the bluetooth and Ubuntu does not show that bluetooth is available, I would be confident that your laptop does not have a bluetooth module installed.


For Ubuntu I've been using SSH but as soon as I close it anything I've started ends

Have a look at the command nohup and the "&" at the end of a command. You can use those for commands and scripts your want to keep running when you exit a shell.

As an alternative we also have muliplexers that can create a session that is kept alive when exiting the shell. screen and tmux (here is an comparison) are pretty famous in that regard.

By the way: if you like that kind of setup ... a remote desktop connection is also possible for Ubuntu: Remmina is the default client; it just needs a bit of configuring on the client and server.


18.04 Server, Ethernet Interface seen w/ lspci, but missing from lshw -C network

Check your ethernet cabling. You should be using cat 5e or cat 6 cables.

Assuming that sudo lshw -class bridge shows that enp0s7 is your ethernet card...

.yaml file

Netplan is very fussy about .yaml formatting. Your /etc/netplan/01-network-card.yaml should look like (keep spacing, and no tabs):

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp0s7:
      dhcp4: true

sudo netplan --debug generate

sudo netplan apply

reboot

Nvidia driver

The NVIDIA Corporation MCP61 Ethernet appears to be a difficult card to get working.

From this bug report, we get this snippet to modify the forcedeth driver...

enter these two commands in a terminal:

echo "options forcedeth msi=0 msix=0" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/forcedeth_options.conf
sudo update-initramfs -u

then reboot your machine


I've seen this myself, it's when the host keys get corrupted. You can reset them by doing:

sudo rm /etc/ssh/ssh_host_* && sudo dpkg-reconfigure openssh-server

I'm yet to figure out why they got corrupted.


Using awk or similar to find the next word in the output of another command

file 2012-07-15-wheezy-raspdian.img     | \
    grep -oP '(?<=startsector )[0-9]+'  | \
    sed -n '1p'

If you change 1 to any other number in sed -n '1p' it will give you the other occurrences.


I would like to create a log of all commands typed in terminal

Everything a user types into the terminal by hand is saved into ~/.bash_history, where ~ is shorthand for the currenly logged in user's home directory. Note also that files beginning with a . are hidden; in Nautilus, you can show them by hitting Ctrl+H.

Take a look at it by typing

cat .bash_history

To view your history, annotated with sequential numbers, type

history

You can execute commands you see there again by typing !2129, for example, which would execute command number 2129 as shown by the history command.

Note that the history command shows you up to the second logs, wheras .bash_history is only saved after you log off from the terminal.

Little piece of interesting information:

Commands that begin with a space are not saved to .bash_history. If you run a command like rm -R mydir/, you may want to prefix it with a space to prevent accidentally running it again by hitting the up-arrow.

As Joāo says, the size of the saved history can be controlled with export HISTFILESIZE=5000.


Why do I get an "OpenGL Warning" message after running Google Chrome through the Ubuntu terminal?

This message is from VirtualBox host additions. It means that the VM is unable to connect to the Host Virtual Card, and 3D acceleration, for the guest, can't work. It should appear every-time that something tries to access the 3D engine. For example, type:

glxinfo

The same error should appear. Usually, but not always, the cause is a permission problem.


Enlarging ubuntu partition after installation

Enlarging the partition with gparted will not cause data loss.

Of course, you do have a back-up, just in case, right?


By serial ports, I think you mean USB ports, yes? Your USB dongle probably requires a driver to make it work. Since 16.04, Ubuntu now requires that all drivers be signed, to show that they're authentic and approved. Your driver probably isn't signed. So the driver won't load.

To make your USB dongle work again, turn off secure boot in your BIOS.


What layout is required for Japanese ASB-KY4 compressed keyboard?

As far I can tell, the issue with 'c', 'd', 'e' (and the '3' as I had found) keys is a hardware problem. Either something stuck on the membrane, a connection issue to the board, or membrane damage. I haven't confirmed yet because the screw holding it together are 'triangle' screws - I can't find any bit to unfasten them.

For the layout, I found that to be able to input do romaji and kana input, all I needed to do was change the keyboard layout in the Ibus Anthy preferences under the 'Typing Method' tab:

This was originally set to Default (US keyboard). Once set to 'jp' it reads most of the keys correctly and properly reads the characters when doing kana input.


After some chatting and some fiddling around with mc and bash env, the reason was that env LANG was unset and LC_* env variables set to POSIX while mc was set to use darkened skin.

When switching to default skin, the issue was gone for me (using ssh on linux) but persisted for OP using putty on windows.

We solved the issue with another locale:

update-locale LANG=C.UTF-8

after re-login as root, the problems are gone.


adding a new column as line number in a csv file

create new file with line numbers and just get  rid of old one

awk '{printf "%s,%s\n", NR,$0}' input.txt > new.txt


No
$ vlc
Command 'vlc' not found, but can be installed with:
sudo snap install vlc      # version 3.0.12.1, or
sudo apt  install vlc-bin  # version 3.0.11.1-2
See 'snap info vlc' for additional versions.

and
$ apt-cache search vlc
...
vlc - multimedia player and streamer
vlc-bin - binaries from VLC
vlc-data - common data for VLC
vlc-l10n - translations for VLC
...

apt-cache searches all the packages available with your current setup.
The command to list applications installed is ...
 $ apt list --installed

and it will show
WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.

Listing...
accountsservice/groovy-updates,groovy-security,now 0.6.55-0ubuntu13.2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
acl/groovy,now 2.2.53-8 amd64 [installed,automatic]
acpi-support/groovy,now 0.143 amd64 [installed,automatic]
acpid/groovy,now 1:2.0.32-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
...

Limited to vlc:
$ apt list --installed | grep vlc
WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.
$


USB keyboard stops working on installation at language selection

I found that unplugging the kb and then inserting it into a different usb port did the trick.


Okay, run levels for Ubuntu and flavors is handled by the Upstart system.  To bypass going straight to graphical mode, you'll need to change the run level as stipulated in the Upstart cookbook.  The Ubuntu default is graphical multi-user plus networking.

To switch to single user mode, you'll need to enter the command sudo nano /etc/init/rc-sysinit.conf and enter the appropriate password to open the file for editing.  Once open, hit Control-W to search for env DEFAULT_RUNLEVEL and change what is on the other side of the equal sign to 1.  Hit Control-X, and yes to the prompts, and leave nano to finish your editing.  Reboot and you should come back up in single user mode without going straight to a GUI.


It works in my case and I think the strange configurations are:

In SSH Tunnel, best use the SSH Agent based authentication.
In Basic settings, the server should start with localhost even though I put the server's IP in SSH Tunnel.

Hope this helps.

Update with the configuration that worked for me:

Basic tab.
This depends on the vnc server setup in the remote.

Server: localhost:5900 (assuming the vnc server listen to localhost at port 5900)
User password: Your vnc password

SSH Tunnel:

Tick Enable SSH tunnel.
Choose custom: VNC_SERVER_IP_ADDRESS:22  (22 is the port for SSH)
In SSH Authentication: depending on the remote ssh configuration, use password or use SSH Agent.


To determine the correct MTU setting, start with all MTU settings = 1500 and VPN = off. (VPN requires different testing).

Note: first remove your mods to /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf and reboot.

In terminal:

ping [-c count] [-M do] [-s packet_size] [host]

The options used are:

c count: number of times to ping
M hint: Select Path MTU Discovery strategy.  may be either do (prohibit fragmentation, even local one), want (do PMTU discovery, fragment locally when packet size is large), or dont (do not set DF flag).
s packet_size: Specifies the number of data bytes to be sent.

You should always start at 1472 and work your way down by 10 each time. Once you get a reply, go up by 1 until you get a fragmented packet. Take that value (last good value) and add 28 to the value to account for the various TCP/IP headers. Eg. let's say that 1452 was the proper packet size (where you first got an ICMP reply to your ping). The actual MTU size would be 1480, which is the optimum for the network we're working with.

ping -c 4 -M do -s 1472 8.8.8.8 # this will probably show fragmentation

ping -c 4 -M do -s 1462 8.8.8.8 # may show fragmentation

ping -c 4 -M do -s 1452 8.8.8.8 # no fragmentation?

ping -c 4 -M do -s 1453 8.8.8.8 # still no fragmentation?

reference: How to determine the proper MTU size with ICMP pings

Update #1:

I would recommend that you remove the 3 extra nameservers that you added to /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head and let systemd-resolved properly manage /etc/resolv.conf. That should work better with VPN.

Update #2:

You can also setup a DIFFERENT wired/wireless connection profile, just for VPN, that hardwires the MTU=1200. In terminal, type nm-connection-editor and there you can customize a profile just for VPN with autoconnect and MTU.


Unable to get email cache on mail clients on raring ringtail

Have you tried enabling "Automatically add outgoing e-mail addresses to my:" form Composition settings in Thunderbird?

Open up Thunderbird, click on the app menu (the three dashes) and then "Settings" now in "Composition" tab enable "Automatically add outgoing e-mail addresses to my:".

With this feature every time you send an email Thunderbird adds the email address inside the address book.


virtualbox setup - increase cpu after installation

Change a VM's settings
It is absolutely safe to increase or decrease the number of CPUs for your already installed virtual machine. In case we use all host CPU cores we may want to consider an execution cap (e.g. 90%) to allow the host OS to operate smoothly while running a virtual machine.
We can also freely assign more or less RAM or VRAM in the machine's settings after installation.
Nearly all settings can be adapted later, including USB support, Networking, Audio cards, and more.
Hotplug CPUs
When running Ubuntu as a guest it is even possible to hotplug a CPU while a virtual machine is running. Provided we had installed the guest additions we enable CPU hotplugging while the VM is not running with these commands:
VBoxManage modifyvm "VM name" --cpuhotplug on
VBoxManage modifyvm "VM name" --cpus 3  ## maximum number of CPUs

After that we can assign (plug) or remove (unplug) a CPU of a running instance with one of the following commands:
VBoxManage controlvm "VM name" plugcpu 1  ## number of CPU
VBoxManage controlvm "VM name" unplugcpu 1

Note that we can not unplug CPU 0 for obvious reasons.

It is not possible to change the amount of RAM assigned to the guest during runtime except we use memory ballooning, a technique to move already assigned RAM from one to another running virtual machine.


GRUB's menu.lst deleted after a kernel update

Boot into Ubuntu with a live CD or USB then install boot-repair ---follow the instructions.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair


Trying to execute an AMD fie on my Ubuntu!

So you have three files:

server_darwin_amd64
server_linux_amd64
server_windows_amd64.exe

One is for Darwin (OSX), one for Windows, and one for Linux. Why are you trying to execute the Darwin one on Linux? Did you try to execute server_linux_amd64 instead?


Ubuntu-Fedora dual-boot: Set up swap partitions for simultaneous hibernation?

You can't use shared swap AND hibernate.  They need separate swap partitions.

If you decide to use shared swap and find that one is trying to resume from a non-hibernating swap (the issue I think is probably at hand) you may be able to edit the kernel boot parameters to include "noresume" to keep it from trying to restore from swap.

Yes, putting the correct swap partition in /etc/fstab should be enough.

Note that this is untested, but it should work.  If it doesn't, let me know and I'll delete it.  If it does, then great.


You can't install yet Apache 2.2.25 using apt-get because Apache 2.2.25 is not yet included in Ubuntu repositories. To see what versions are available in repositories, you can use the following command:

apt-cache showpkg apache2

But you can install by downloading it from here:

http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi#apache22

It's a .tar.gz file (httpd-2.2.25.tar.gz), so you can be interested also by:

How do I install a .tar.gz (or .tar.bz2) file?


sudo usermod -a -G dialout $USER

Reboot may be needed.


How can I install the latest upstream version of ImageMagick without compiling?

Please Note: Even though Honza initially said that he did not want to compile, we discussed using checkinstall to install the compiled package in the comments above. That was just what Honza wanted, as programs installed with checkinstall can be removed like any other package with the package manager.

As we are installing to /opt using checkinstall after the build, we can leave the original imagemagick package in place. (Infact, install the repository version if it is not already installed.) The dependencies can be left installed, and they are no different for the most recent version of imagemagick. What we need to do is install the build dependencies and some other tools first of all:

sudo apt-get install build-essential checkinstall && sudo apt-get build-dep imagemagick

Download the source code from the official site and, using terminal, cd to where the source package is and extract it:

tar -xzvf ImageMagick-6.8.3-9.tar.gz

Now move to that folder with

cd Imagemagick-6.8.3-9

Now, if you want to find out the available options for the build, run

./configure --help

However, mostly everything is already set to enabled, so there is little need to specify anything further, apart from the necessary --prefix. You could use other locations, but we shall use /opt here. Now run configure and make:

./configure --prefix=/opt/imagemagick-6.8 && make

Now, the last thing to do is to use checkinstall to install the package. Make sure you are in the Imagemagick-6.8.3-9 folder and run

sudo checkinstall

You can of course run checkinstall with parameters such as --pkgversion= or choose them after you have run sudo checkinstall, but all the defaults are fine here. The package name that will be created will be called imagemagick-6.8.3-9 and it will be installed in /opt/imagemagick-6.8.

You will now be also able to see the package in Synaptic and manage it just like any other packages, and removing it will not cause problems with other packages.

If you want to run your new versions, you will need to use /opt/imagemagick-6.8/convert, for example, as /opt is not in $PATH, and just running convert will call the repo version. You could create some symlinks if you wanted to always run the /opt version of the programs.

Please note that this is what Honza wanted, even though he initially was averse to compiling, until checkinstall was discussed.


Replace ChromeOS with Ubuntu on Acer Chromebook 15 (cp315-1h-p8qy)

I dont think the cp315 has one.  you just have to use the crossystem dev_boot_legacy=1 option from the chrome shell if it gets borked on reboot


I think of making www-data available for direct usage, and to merge another user into it

www-data is a system account, intended to be used as the account under which Apache HTTP Server runs. It is not intended to be used for interactive work.

The direct technical answer to the question why su www-data does not work is that the account www-data is set to have nologin as its login shell (man nologin). This is done by default in order to discourage using that account for interactive work. You can of course always do sudo -u www-data bash if you absolutely must; but I can't see why it would be necessary.

On systems derived from Debian, Apache runs by default under the user www-data. To make it run under another user account you must edit the file /etc/apache2/envvars. Look for export APACHE_RUN_USER=www-data and export APACHE_RUN_GROUP=www-data and change them to match your requirements.

Running the web server under your account may or may not have security implications depending on the specific setup. A better way may be to let Apache run under www-data (to restrict its permissions) and change the ownership of the directories served by Apache to your account. Directories where apache is to have write access can be made owned by user www-data and your group, with the set-group-id bit set and write access for the group.

Now, if you still insist that you want your interactive account to be called www-data the simplest way is to take ownership of all files owned by account www-data or group www-data, delete the account and group www-data, then rename your account and main group www-data. I will not explain in detail how to perform this useless, complicated and error-prone procedure.


qemu-system-arm: -M raspi2 can't support USB input

Qemu does not emulate the rpi usb controller yet: https://bugs.launchpad.net/qemu/+bug/1772165.

If you need to emulate the rpi hardware you're out of luck, otherwise you can get/compile a kernel for versatilepb, like here: https://github.com/wimvanderbauwhede/limited-systems/wiki/Raspbian-%22stretch%22-for-Raspberry-Pi-3-on-QEMU


adb devices not visisble within windows subsystem(WSL)

You meant "subsystem" instead of "file system"  in the title right?
Well officially you can't. Atleast not untill wsl --mount functionality is released, but there's a trick(hack rather) which works.
ADB is actually two components, a daemon that does the device communication and a client that talks to the daemon over a local network socket. So first install the exact same version of ADB in both Windows and WSL, then start/restart the ADB daemon in Windows by running :
adb kill-server
adb start-server

Then in ADB in WSL it should automatically use the already running daemon and be able to talk to your devices normally.
Now run in WSL
adb devices
NOTE: You must have the same version of ADB on Windows and WSL. If you have installed ADB on WSL via commandline. Note down its version with adb version and then coming back to windows to do the same, if you find the version on windows is different then you may have to download the appropiate version of platform_tools . You may have to do bit of trial and error as android don't explicitly mention on their downloads page which version of adb ships with which version of platofrm_tools.


What is the default lock screen for Ubuntu 16.04

The default display manager is lightdm, which uses unity-greeter as the default lockscreen.


13.04 gnome problem with drag and drop and text selection

Look here, hope it helps you.

It worked for mee.

EDIT: It says, basically:

In previous version of ubuntu we saw that for two overlapping window drag & drop operation can not done. Because when we click on an item for dragging window(where the file is) get focus and raise on the top of other window.

Now in newer version we can solve it by disabling the option of Raise on click
Open Compiz-config-settings-manager (ccsm is the command if you open it using console) and go to  general option > focus & Raise tab. Un-check Raise on click and Auto raise option


After update, dell e5440 enable wireless option is missing

I will make the assumption that you have a centrino platform (so an Intel wifi card).
Note: from Dell website, it is possible that this is not the case, depending on the exact configuration you choose for your model.

Then try to load the Intel Wireless driver (module):

sudo modprobe iwlwifi

Now perform again the command sudo lshw -c network.

Do you see the WiFi card now listed?

if yes, add the module to /etc/modules (you can do like this: sudo bash "echo iwlwifi >> /etc/modules) so that on next reboot the module will be automatically loaded.


Set multiple wifi access points in Ubuntu 20.04

May be you already found answer for this, still posting, make sure that both HotSpots are 2.4GHz.
Just append bold line to /etc/netplan/50-something.yaml fileL
wifis:
      wlan0:
        dhcp4: false
        gateway4: x.y.z.w
        addresses: [x.y.z.w/24]
        access-points:
          "SSID1":
            password: "pass1"
          "SSID2":
            password: "pass2"


How can I make disk image without free space?

This looks safe enough. I have a SSD too, and I have done something similar, and it didn't wreck my disk.

Disclaimer: If this breaks your disk, please tell me, but I am just saying what I think.


Try this:

Check your firewall. It could be that port 23 is not open.
openssh isn't installed by default on Ubuntu, nor is telnet. If you want to install them, sudo apt-get install openssh-server and sudo apt-get install telnetd
Even if ssh is installed, the root user is generally denied access to ssh. Try creating an unprivileged user and then see if you can ssh in as that user. If so, it is a permission issue. You need to edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config and add PermitRootLogin yes


Old machine(P II), grub2 never works... (fifth time). How to set the right config?

You can install without the /boot partition. I would try installing either Ubuntu or Xubuntu on the the 10GB hard drive, and let grub install to sda. This has worked for me on a PII, 400MHz cpu with 128MB and 192MB ram. Good luck.


How do I disable or undo the launcher autohide setting?

First press the Windows / super key.
Next type system settings and click on system settings icon.

Then click on appearance and select the behaviour tab.

Then change auto hide launcher to off.


How do I get write access to ubuntu files from Windows?

After I ran an update (updating Ubuntu, Mambo ++) and once again ran sudo chmod -R 755 www I finally got it working.


Great news, this is a simple setup.

1) On the system you want to host all of the files, install "squid-deb-proxy"

2) On all of the systems (including the system from step 1), install "squid-deb-proxy-client"

That's it, now all of your clients will use the one system to get updates/install packages, and if that system doesn't have the file it (the server) will go out and get the file.


Run this command in Terminal  (Ctrl+Alt+T):

sudo apt-get install mysql-workbench


The source of the problem seems to be the fact the the -> is just a kind of prompt

The -> shouldn't be part of the command you enter.

The command should be:

CREATE TABLE joke (id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, joketext TEXT, jokedate DATE NOT NULL) DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;


Disable three finger paste on ubuntu 16.04

turn off MiddleEmulation in /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/40-libinput.conf file.
sample below

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "libinput touchpad catchall"
        MatchIsTouchpad "on"
        MiddleEmulation "off"
        MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
        Driver "libinput"
EndSection


Broken snap system after upgrade to Ubuntu 18.10

Best way to fix that but is to put locale to /etc/default/locale e.g.:

sudo update-locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8

check changes with cat /etc/default/locale

LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_COLLATE=C
LC_MESSAGES=C
LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8

or edit bash profiale /etc/bash.bashrc:

export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8


Ubuntu 18.04 Xorg.0.log is not in /var/log or anywhere else that I've looked - where is it?

If you need to find the location of a file you can use the command locate, in the following way:

> sudo updatedb #updates the index of file names

> locate Xorg.0.log

In my case the output is

  /home/username/.local/share/xorg/Xorg.0.log

Have a good day.


can one create a custom linux install from a configuration?

I'm reading "from a configuration" as in "from a configuration right after installing" so this sounds pretty close:

I use a bash script to set up some general items after installing (I usually run a live usb so every boot is like a fresh install), the script copies config files to $HOME & /etc & other places (software repos, etc), installs a few programs (pre-downloaded .deb's or could apt-get update && apt-get install ...) and log out & log in (easiest way to "reset" desktop settings).

You can do that by adding the script & files to another drive, another partition, even online somewhere, or if you've got a live .iso extracted in a writable filesystem (some liveusb creators do that) copy them to a new dir. Or if going to burn to a cd/dvd could use a program to edit the iso & add files, or genisoimage.


How to free up space on filesystem in /dev/sda2 root partition?

Since your programs are stored in /dev/sda2, it grows every time you install a new program / install updates (which can and often do increase the size of programs). You have plenty of space in /dev/sda4, so decrease the size of /dev/sda4, then increase the size of /dev/sda2.

Boot into a live system so no partition is mounted, then open GParted. Make sure swap isn't used either (if you have a swap partition) by right-clicking it and choosing "swap off".

Then resize your partitions as you choose. Resizing from the right hand side of a partition is generally fast, resizing from the left and moving a partition is generally slow.

Keep in mind that playing with partitions is dangerous, especially if there is a power failure, so make sure to have a backup.


my wi-fi is connecting but the Internet is not working

Based on your information,
your wireless (wlan0) has IP

inet addr:192.168.43.157

and connected status

State:             connected

So please check you AP is working or not.
It is very likely that you forgot to turn on you Android 3G.


Is there a Global Tool for Measuring the Dimensions of Anything that's Rendered on your Desktop? Alternative to kruler?

The concept of kruler seems to be just a ruler. And its alternatives are simple:

Screenruler

  ScreenRuler lets you measure objects on your Ubuntu desktop using six
  different metrics.

There are probably some other options for an on screen ruler but they are probably far from which you wish in a single solution for all your needs.

BTW: Another excellent color picker, compared to gcolor2 to would be the Agave.

If you are using Compiz, you can activate your "Magnifier" and name a key bindings in order to use it.

There is probably not an all-in-one solution for your needs but a combination of tools may do the trick for you.

Good luck!


How do I use/sync my Ubuntu One contacts?

Please remember that the initial sync is slow (it's getting better in Natty). The syncing will also appear if you have files being synced. The synced contact are located at ~/.local/share/desktop-couch/couchdb.html (the ~ is your home folder).

The exact reason for this issue can't be found without some debugging:

Open Applications->Accessories->Terminal, and run:

  /usr/lib/evolution/e-addressbook-factory > ~/evolution_debug.log

Open Evolution, check that the status of synced contacts and then close the application.
Paste the content of evolution_debug.log (it's in your home folder) to Ubuntu Pastebin

It's also a good idea if the contacts have actually been synced to the server from your phone, if they aren't, then they won't obviously appear in Evolution. Can you see the contacts in Ubuntu One's website?


Adding network printer in Kubuntu 11.04 with printer account?

After spending ages trying different drivers from Konica Minoltas homepage, I finally found the same old driver I used in 10.04/10.10, which is called "KMACPS driver for C203-C253-C353". Account track does not seem to be available in the newer drivers for some reason.


Thanks to @heynnema for the help !
How I solved my problem :

Open terminal
Enter nm-connection-editor
Find my connection, in my case it was named Wi-Fi connection 2
I selected it and here you can either delete it (the - button) or edit it (the settings button)
I chose to edit it and went to general->Automatically connect to this network when it is available and turned it off

And my problem is solved !