Avi.
GRUB can be used for CD boot, but it is quite harder to do this. Instead, do the following:

Insert the Recovery DVD on the tray
Reboot the computer
Shortly after the computer specs show up during boot, and before GRUB loads up, press "C"
Your computer should automatically boot from the CD.

Altough, some computers have problems with OpenFirmware, so press the CMD key on your keyboard during boot, and so the avaiable devices are listed.

Not yet? Then hold "Option" + "Command" + "O" + "F". This should open OpenFirmware's menu. At the command prompt, type: boot cd:,\\:tbxi

This should do it.

Source: http://mac.linux.be/content/booting-open-firmware


see this https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot
also this http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/install-ubuntu-with-windows
follow the steps here.


cutelog is a great choice in your purpose. It's not what you described though.


The key -p for usermod command indicates to update the user's password with its encrypted value. https://linux.die.net/man/8/usermod

-p, --password PASSWORD
The encrypted password, as returned by crypt(3).
Note: This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes.
You should make sure the password respects the system's password policy.

The solution is to use passwd username.


Opening email links to appear in browser not working right

I've long had the same problem.
After some research, I just found !

If you edit the file ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list, you'll see the line below x-scheme-handler/https=yelp.desktop

Edit the file /usr/share/applications/yelp.desktop and you'll see this :

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Help
Comment=Get help with Lubuntu
Exec=firefox http://www.lxle.net/index.php?x=about
Icon=help-browser
StartupNotify=true
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Utility;

Just change the URL by %u like this :

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Help
Comment=Get help with Lubuntu
Exec=firefox %u
Icon=help-browser
StartupNotify=true
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Utility;

Save the file and did a test!


What's the best way to effectively report bugs?

The Package you would want to run the Ubuntu-Bug script against is plasma-desktop so th full command would be

ubuntu-bug plasma-desktop

you can run this command from a terminal or by pressing alt+f2 and pasting the command in the text box.

If you find a bug matching yours you can add yourself bay marking that this bug affects you too or starting a new bug if none match your circumstances and give information that it is the Activities plasmoid that is causing the crash/freeze. Obviously you will need to set up an account in launchpad first before reporting the bug.


How to setup Adhoc between Kubuntu 12.10 to Ubuntu 12.04

Not quite sure if this applies but I have Ubuntu 12.10 and to set up a "Adhoc" for my older laptop I simply open System Settings, Go To Network, Click Wireless, and hit Use as Hotspot.
Look here for a more in depth tutorial:
How to Turn Your Ubuntu Laptop into a Wireless Access Point.


How can I get the wacom settings panel (from regular Ubuntu) in XUbuntu?

There doesn't appear to be any official support for an xfce wacom applet, but this project might interest you.


Overlapping system and Rakarrack playbacks on a X-Fi Gamer soundcard (setting up guitar)

Stop jackd when you don't use it using qjackctl graphical interface : just click "stop" to exit jackd
To mute the direct mic/line input  sound you ear, run alsamixer in a terminal .
Use arrow left/right  keys to select "mic" or "line" fader,  then use down arrow key to lower the volume (or M to mute).
This will not affect the recorded sound level.
You may also install and use gnome-alsamixer gui which is easier than alsamixer.


Kernel panic after Ubuntu 14.04 base upgrade via Software Updater

OK, wanted to post this screen shot in original post, but was not able to.

I am not sure what should and should not be there.

ls screen shot


How to install statistics package in Octave(4.0.0) in Ubuntu 16.04?

I installed octave the following way:

sudo apt-get install octave

Then I ran

sudo apt-get install octave-statistics

If you then want to use a function from the statistics package, you will have to use (from the octave prompt):

pkg load statistics

That worked fine for me on Ubuntu 18.04


How to partition and install Ubuntu 14.04 on an Asus Vivobook S46CA with a 20GB SSD and 1TB HDD

Your partitioning idea is good 18 GB for / , 2 GB for swap in SSD and 200 GB for /home. You can make a partition for user apps as much as you wish (say 100 GB) and mount it at /usr. This custom partition scheme can be done by choosing "Something else" in Installation Type


Problem with vmlinuz.efi Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

Use the --32bit command line argument. i.e. run

wubi.exe --32bit

It's a new bug that is due to the 64bit kernel being renamed (for secure boot) that occurs if you try to install with the 32bit ISO on a computer that is 64bit capable.


How to share Wifi connection using a USB adapter

open a terminal and do the following:

git clone https://github.com/oblique/create_ap
cd create_ap
make install

based on your requirements, hit the following commands. For me eth0 is my ehthernet connection and wlan0 is my wifi card.

No passphrase (open network):

create_ap wlan0 eth0 MyAccessPoint

WPA + WPA2 passphrase:

create_ap wlan0 eth0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

AP without Internet sharing:

create_ap -n wlan0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

Bridged Internet sharing:

create_ap -m bridge wlan0 eth0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

Bridged Internet sharing (pre-configured bridge interface):

create_ap -m bridge wlan0 br0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

Internet sharing from the same WiFi interface:

create_ap wlan0 wlan0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

Choose a different WiFi adapter driver

create_ap --driver rtl871xdrv wlan0 eth0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

No passphrase (open network) using pipe:

echo -e "MyAccessPoint" | create_ap wlan0 eth0

WPA + WPA2 passphrase using pipe:

echo -e "MyAccessPoint\nMyPassPhrase" | create_ap wlan0 eth0

Enable IEEE 802.11n

create_ap --ieee80211n --ht_capab '[HT40+]' wlan0 eth0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

Client Isolation:

create_ap --isolate-clients wlan0 eth0 MyAccessPoint MyPassPhrase

Systemd service
Using the persistent systemd service

Start service immediately:

systemctl start create_ap

Start on boot:

systemctl enable create_ap


Fast fix for ubuntu 16

sudo apt-get --reinstall install base-files/xenial-updates

After reboot this has fixed all my issues


How do I create a .desktop file for a .jar file?

You can make it manualy, or using Alacarte. Here's the way:
1: Install Alacarte
It will install some Gnome dependencies. Nothing to worry about.
2: Create a new entry
In the command entry, click browse and select your .jar file.

You may need to add /usr/bin/java -jar  to the start of the Command, so that it looks like /usr/bin/java -jar /home/angel/minecraft.jar.

3: Make the file executable
Go where you have your .jar file. Right click, properties, permissions, check the 'Allow run as a program' option.
4: Look for it in the Dash
There you should have it. Just click and enjoy!

Extra: Here's the icon


How to mount an extra partition in Ubuntu 14.04

This is how I figured out. I will suggest you to re-format that unallocated space in ntfs format ( since this is easy on windows) and mount it on your ubuntu on any appropriate directory.

follow as below:

you need to get the list for active HDDs

  fdisk -l

you should have all your disks listed as below corresponding to the partition.

Device Boot

/dev/sdb1

/dev/sdb2

/dev/sdb3

create a mount point anywhere you want i.e.

  mkdir /mnt/share

and directory permission to 0777.

Mount the file system by using the following command

  mount -t ntfs -o ro /dev/sdb3 /mnt/share

Now cd to the directory and you should be able to "ls" the items.

You can also mount the disk permanently by editing the /etc/fstab file. Hope this helps.

Good Luck!


Find apache.conf file of phpMyAdmin, regularly, it’s under /etc/phpmyadmin/ on Linux environment. Please edit this file with root authority：

# phpMyAdmin default Apache configuration

Alias /phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpmyadmin

Change this –“Alias /phpadmin /usr/share/phpmyadmin” like this one ”

Alias /secretcode /usr/share/phpmyadmin, secretcode stands for a series of letters as a symbol, but hard to recognize, for instance ‘@34%6tFd&hs’. So:

# phpMyAdmin default Apache configuration
Alias /@34%6tFd&hs /usr/share/phpmyadmin

Restart your web-server

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Now you may try the new URL


How to set up group write permissions on new created files on cifs mount point (samba/fstab)

Can you try to add mount option file_mode=0770,dir_mode=0770.

Try to modify /etc/fstab file:

//smbserver/nas /media/nas      cifs    uid=bertrand,gid=nas,credentials=/root/.smbcredentials,file_mode=0770,dir_mode=0770     0     0

Or, mount command

sudo mount -t cifs //smbserver/nas /media/nas -o uid=bertrand,gid=nas,rw,credentials=/root/.smbcredentials,file_mode=0770,dir_mode=0770

My test environment:

OS version: Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS
kernel version: 2.6.35-25
mount.cifs version: 1.12-3.4.7
samba version: Version 3.4.7


How to get my Intel Wireless 3165 to connect on 15.04?

I had this same problem but figured it out. The best way to see if this was your issue is to run this script:

wget -N -t 5 -T 10 https://github.com/UbuntuForums/wireless-info/raw/master/wireless-info
chmod +x wireless-info
./wireless-info

You'll find the output in the /root directory. Toward the bottom of the output, you may see some dmesg errors that say that it has attempted to load the right iwlwifi drivers but ultimately says "no suitable firmware found!"

To fix this problem:

Check the Linux kernel you are using

uname -r

Even if you've installed Ubuntu 15.04, it's still using the 3.19 Kernel.
Right now, Intel is only supporting the 3165 hardware with firmware for 4.1+, but I couldn't get it to work until I upgraded to 4.2. It's easiest by using wget to get the right version for your hardware, and for whatever kernel you want to use. I used the most recent version on kernel.org. Use wget to get them:

wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.2-rc8-unstable/linux-image-4.2.0-040200rc8-generic_4.2.0-040200rc8.201508240030_amd64.deb http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.2-rc8-unstable/linux-headers-4.2.0-040200rc8_4.2.0-040200rc8.201508240030_all.deb http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.2-rc8-unstable/linux-headers-4.2.0-040200rc8-generic_4.2.0-040200rc8.201508240030_amd64.deb

And then issue the following command:

sudo dpkg -i *.deb

Reboot and you should now see the correct kernel:

sudo uname -r

Update and upgrade, and you're all set:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Suddenly, wireless. And this time, you can actually connect to it. :D

Some last minute clean up, regenerating the grub menu and removing the previous kernel:

sudo update-grub
sudo apt-get autoremove

BAM! You're done.


How remap keyboard on "asciitilde layout mode"

In fact it is very simple.

The first argument refer to the "lowercase mode layout" and the second argument to the "uppercase mode layout", so the code syntax is the following :

xmodmap -e "keycode [keycode_number] = grave_mode_argument asciitilde_mode_argument"

So in our case, to put the less and greater symbols in the place of twosuperior symbol, we can just run the following code :

xmodmap -e "keycode 49 = less greater"

Also, we can retrieve your keycodes numbers using the [xev process][1].


I assume it is a setting that is not active.

Here you can click on a scope and make it either active or inactive:

The "locked-scopes" has a description "List of scope IDs that the user will see as installed and won't be able to enable nor disable."

The scopes shown are the ones that are installed. You can toggle all of them.

I would assume this means scopes that have been added to this list can not be set active or inactive. (Plus if it is in the "hidden-scopes" it will not be shown and either be enabled or disabled based on the "disabled-scopes").

But it looks like it is not an active setting.


How to configure and run hadoop cluster on LVM(Logical Volume Manager)

check this one, it looks lvm can help avoid some maintenance hassle with trade-off some performance

http://nicktj.tumblr.com/post/10201994102/hadoop-on-lvm2


How do I install Adobe Acrobat Reader deb package downloaded from Adobe website?

All Ubuntu versions prior to 13.10
To install Adobe Acrobat you will need to enable the canonical partners repository in the Software Sources tab of Update Manager

Use Dash and search for Software Sources or Software & Updates in 13.04 and later.
If you don't see those options in Software Sources, you can use the following command from a terminal:
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner"

Then in a terminal you can update and install acrobat reader:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install acroread

It is strongly recommended from a security point-of-view to use the version in the repositories.
If - for whatever reason - you wish to download directly from Adobe and install then the following instructions apply:
Using firefox navigate to:

http://get.adobe.com/uk/reader/otherversions/

Choose the following options as shown in the image - i.e. download the .deb package

When the Download button is clicked:

Leave it at the default to open in Software Center where you can install it.
If you have set your downloads to automatically save in your Downloads folder:
cd ~/Downloads
sudo dpkg -i AdbeRdr*.deb


Unable to start Apache2 server on Ubuntu 18.04

It’ll be Skype, probably. I’ve found starting Apache (or nginx if we’re going that way) before starting Skype assists greatly in things being happy. As with cmak’s reply, sudo netstat -antup | grep 80 wIll quite likely return Skype.

/etc/hosts will only work like a DNS file, it’s not what’s bound to ports.

Hope this helps.


installing the Lubuntu 13.10 elementary Lubuntu icon set in Lubuntu 14.04

The package you are looking for is elementary-icon-theme.
You can find it in synaptic package manager or just install it straight from the terminal.

sudo apt-get install elementary-icon-theme

(They happen to be my preferred icons in Lubuntu too).


Got it working.

Changed the binding address to 0.0.0.0 instead of only 127.0.0.1


Try holding Shift while booting after you've installed. If a screen pops up showing a list of options for devices to boot into, then you've installed everything correctly. Just use the arrow keys to navigate over to ubuntu and press enter.

If that doesn't work, or if nothing happens at all when you press shift, we'll need to manually create a new partition.

boot into windows 7, go to Start> right-click Computer> Manage.
Once in management tools, on the menu on the left side, click on disk management.
On your main drive (C:) right click on the main volume and select resize volume. If I were you, I'd shrink it by at least 60GB.
reboot into your Ubuntu Installation
once you get to the location selection, choose "Something Else".
once in the menu, select the space you've freed up and create a new partition. In the menu, select swap space. If your computer has over 4 GB of RAM, you'd be fine even without a swap space. with less RAM, I'd go for about 2GB. If you can't find the empty space, go into the dropdown menu in the upper left hand corner and select the right drive.
using the remaining space, create a partition in the ext4 file system.
Once the ext4 partition has been created, click on it and then press install.

Good Luck!


How to change Icon of Application Instance

The Dolphin, KDE File manager, application icon is set in the main.cpp - https://cgit.kde.org/dolphin.git/tree/src/main.cpp#n60 :

app.setWindowIcon(QIcon::fromTheme(QStringLiteral("system-file-manager"), app.windowIcon()));

The Dolphin will use the icon theme icon 'system-file-manager' as the application icon:


mounting network attached hdd( mybook) on ubuntu permission denied

The mount error is being caused by a rejection of the user in general, so it does not mean there is a problem with read / write rights on the disk.

The method explained in the provided link tries to access the shared drive via a guest account, thought some router might allow this by default I think most do not.

For the mentioned router please check via the webpage of the router:

  home>usb device>go to settings>windows file sharing enabled>Allow all users to access

Since the filesystem is translated to CIFS or SMB it will not matter which filesystem you use as long as it is accessible by the router, for this NTFS will be just fine. (In fact I can not even find if the router will be able to read EXT3 or 4, mostly this means it does not!)

Regarding your difference between Nautilus and terminal (this is actually a separated question), this appears to have been a bug:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nautilus/+bug/1021375

and should be solved doing:

Remove /home/[username]/.config/nautilus directory and restart or logout and in again.


How to keep Firefox usable without ever closing tabs manually?

This extension might be what I'm looking for: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tab-sweeper/


On my system it makes a difference if Windows has been ended by shutdown or by reboot. If Windows has been ended by reboot I can mount the Windows partition in Ubuntu. When Windows will be ended by shutdown obviously it lets the filesystem in a state which cannot be accessed by Ubuntu.


E: Malformed line 54 in source list /etc/apt/sources.list (dist parse)

Line 54 should be

deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu lucid partner


Trying to install Ubuntu via USB, can't boot up. GNU GRUB opens

For me, on the grub screen, I pressed escape, which opened the grub command line and escape again which prompted me to choose from Windows bootloader, grub and EFI drive. I chose the third one and it worked


Wayland session on Ubuntu 18.04: why is /usr/bin/Xwayland running?

The best answer comes from Wayland authors:
X Clients under Wayland (XWayland)
Wayland is a complete window system in itself, but even so, if we're migrating away from X, it makes sense to have a good backwards compatibility story. With a few changes, the Xorg server can be modified to use wayland input devices for input and forward either the root window or individual top-level windows as wayland surfaces. The server still runs the same 2D driver with the same acceleration code as it does when it runs natively. The main difference is that wayland handles presentation of the windows instead of KMS.

When you boot with Wayland you still may need to access X-based applications: Why don't gksu/gksudo or launching a graphical application with sudo work with Wayland?
To summarize many Q&A's on running an X applicatin within Wayland you need to use:
xhost +si:localuser:root


Mouse cursor disappears when I play video in VLC

Daniel's answer contained the vital clue. I had the same issue. You can install latest version using an additional repository. You can google on below instructions. Note there are 2 such repositories "stable daily" which at time of writing contains the 2.0.9 version (still has mouse disappearing act) and the "master daily" (with currently version 2.2.0 which solves the bug)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:videolan/master-daily
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install vlc


trustworthy p2p solution to accelerate apt-get dist-upgrade

I like using apt-fast, it's not p2p, but it does multiple downloads per file, speeding up the downloads for getting packages. Link showing how to install, http://www.webupd8.org/2010/08/you-can-now-install-apt-fast-from-ppa.html

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tldm217/tahutek.net
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install apt-fast

when you use it you can use apt-fast insted of apt-get so once you install it you can do apt-fast dist-upgrade


Sudo update links to amazonaws.com. Why?

This is only meaning that the repository for the relases of the sofware you use (Brave) is hosted on a server on amazon web services.

You probably manually added that repo when you wanted to install the browser with apt

Removing it will block any futur update


Maximum sound level differs between Ubuntu and Windows

unfortunately this all boils down to suboptimal hardware and driver support in linux.
that is why in windows sound often is louder and more dynamic, because many companies dont open their hardware details for the linux community
or provide their own drivers, thus pulseaudio and ALSA must "emulate".


BackupPC error "No files dumped for share"

This is fixed in Bionic 18.04, however the parameter "$Conf{BackupZeroFilesIsFatal} = 0" parameter for SMB Xfer, needs to be changed for upgrading hosts.  Relevant link at Debian bug #820693:

https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=820963#82


If you get a message about terms when trying to deploy a charm, it means that the charm you're attempting to deploy requires you to accept some terms and conditions.  You do this via juju agree <term>/<version>.  You can get more info on that with juju help agree.  The message that you get should indicate which terms you need to accept, but you can also find out using charm show <charm-url> terms (e.g., charm show cs:~ibmcharmers/ibm-http terms).

The charm push-term command is for creating a new terms agreement for charms that you create.  If you attempt to push a new charm to the store using charm push which says in its metadata.yaml that it requires a certain version of a terms agreement, that agreement will need to be pushed first.

The current version of the charm command is 2.2.0 and is available via snap, as previously mentioned, or via the Juju PPA ppa:juju/stable, with the snap being the recommended way to install and keep up to date.  The terms functionality was a recent addition to the charm command, which is why it is not available in 2.1.9.


Special characters (Swedish) don't work in Chromium

To me it sounds like your locale is broken. Can you please run the locale command in a terminal window. Then edit your question and add to it the command output.

Edit:

Ok, seeing that your locale is not set at all, hence defaulting to POSIX, I suggest that you run this command:

sudo update-locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8

which sets the LANG environment variable in /etc/default/locale.

Then re-login and start Chromium to check if it makes a difference.


Starting bash on linux ubuntu with Android

For me looks like you want ssh linux-user@linux-host "your script" from Android.
This will need installation of ssh client on Android device. Somehow ssh client must be compiled for particular hardware / Linux kernel of the Android device.

Alternative is to find Java ssh client library that provides command execution and write Android app for this.

If your goal is to run custom scripts occasionally (manually typing host/user/password/script name) then there are lot of ssh terminals in android appstores, starting from google play. Just expose sshd at linux machine.


What's the best way to make a Qt executable program run as a service in Ubuntu

In Ubuntu, Most init services were replaced with upstart jobs.

Here is place where to start http://upstart.ubuntu.com/getting-started.html .


How to install flashplugin-installer and ttf-mscorefonts-installer using apt-cacher-ng?

apt-cacher-ng shouldn't interfere with the actual package download. The problem with these two packages is they don't actually contain their payload. They are both lightweight packages that contain scripts to download extra data with wget when you install them.

This is simply for legal reasons. The extra files licenses' conflict with the repo's.

If you need to force these downloads through a proxy too, you can, either by setting up wget's proxy settings in /etc/wgetrc:

http_proxy = http://proxy-ip:8080/

Or you can use the longhand command to pass the proxy through to it:

sudo http_proxy=http://proxy-ip:8080 apt-get install flashplugin-installer ttf-mscorefonts-installer

See: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/flashplugin-nonfree/+bug/362970

The proxy address I'm talking about in these solutions should not be apt-cache-ng - that's only for caching package downloads. I'm talking about the same proxy that you'd use in your browser, for example.


Fix up the rights of These Files, using

chown -R Mark:Mark *

you will have to do that for all These .dot dirs unless you get Fanny with find -exec


How do I create a folder for special downloads

In Firefox go to Edit > Preferences in the menu bar and under the General tab go to Downloads and change the option from Save files to to Always ask me where to save files.

Now when you click to download a file and select the Save File option a Window will appear where you can select the directory you wish to save the file to.


This problem occurs because all fonts on Ubuntu 12.04 seem to be hinted and antialiased in the same way, using the same fontconfig rules. So the Chinese fonts look fuzzy just like the Latin fonts. In other distributions, there are special rules for Chinese fonts to make sure that they are not antialiased.

To fix this problem, I installed UMing and WenQuanYi Bitmap Song fonts, deleted a rule against bitmap fonts, and then created a custom set of fontconfig rules.

Make sure UMing fonts are installed. They should be automatically installed when you add Chinese language support to your system through System Settings > Language Support.
Open a terminal and type the following to install WenQuanYi Bitmap Song font:

sudo apt-get install xfonts-wqy

Remove a rule against bitmap fonts:

cd /etc/fonts/conf.d
sudo rm /etc/fonts/conf.d/70-no-bitmaps.conf
sudo ln ../conf.avail/70-yes-bitmaps.conf .

Create /etc/fonts/local.conf file:

sudo -H gedit /etc/fonts/local.conf

Copy and paste the following into the editor, and modify it according to the fonts that you have installed.

<?xml version = "1.0"?><!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>

<!--Disable font alias for Chinese <= 18px -->
    <match target="font">
        <test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq">
            <string>AR PL UMing CN</string>
            <string>AR PL UMing TW</string>
            <string>AR PL UMing HK</string>
            <string>AR PL UMing TW MBE</string>
            <string>AR PL ZenKai Uni</string>
            <string>Ming(ISO10646)</string>
            <string>MingLiu</string>
            <string>PMingLiu</string>
            <string>Kochi Mincho</string>
            <string>Baekmuk Dotum</string>
        </test>

        <test name="pixelsize" compare="less_eq">
            <double>18</double>
        </test>

        <edit name="antialias">
            <bool>false</bool>
        </edit>

        <edit name="hinting">
            <bool>true</bool>
        </edit>
   </match>

<alias>
    <!-- Choose best serif fonts -->
    <family>serif</family>
    <prefer>
        <family>DejaVu Serif</family>
        <family>Liberation Serif</family>
        <family>Times New Roman</family>
        <family>Times</family>
        <family>AR PL UMing CN</family>
        <family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family>
        <family>AR PL Mingti2L Big5</family>
        <family>AR PL SungtiL GB</family>
        <family>SimSun</family>
    </prefer>
</alias>

<alias>
    <!-- Choose best sans serif fonts -->
    <family>sans-serif</family>
    <prefer>
        <family>Ubuntu</family>
        <family>DejaVu Sans</family>
        <family>Liberation Sans</family>
        <family>Arial</family>
        <family>Verdana</family>
        <family>Helvetica</family>
        <family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>
        <family>VL PGothic</family>
    </prefer>
</alias>

<alias>
    <!-- Choose best monospace fonts -->
    <family>monospace</family>
    <prefer>
        <family>Ubuntu Mono</family>
        <family>DejaVu Sans Mono</family>
        <family>Liberation Mono</family>
        <family>Courier New</family>
        <family>Courier</family>
        <family>WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono</family>
        <family>VL Gothic</family>
        <family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family>
    </prefer>
</alias>
</fontconfig>

Save the file, close all programs, log out and log back in.

Doing these steps fixed the problem for me in most programs. Unfortunately if you use Chromium browser the fonts are still blurry. I'm not sure how to fix that.


instaling nodejs and problems with heroku

You can go to System Settings->Software & Updates. Then you select the Ubuntu Software tab and uncheck items with link is:

http://ppa.launchpad.net/fossfreedom/packagefixes/ubuntu xenial Release
http://ppa.launchpad.net/thefanclub/grive-tools/ubuntu xenial Release
http://ppa.launchpad.net/boomaga/ppa/ubuntu xenial InRelease
http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-audio-dev/ppa/ubuntu xenial Release
http://ppa.launchpad.net/me-davidsansome/clementine-dev/ubuntu xenial InRelease

After uncheking it, you run sudo apt update and you'll be able to update your system.

For more details you can reading link: How can I fix a 404 Error when using a PPA or updating my package lists?


You can install testdisk  with apt-get

First, you have to enable the universe repository

Then update and install:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install testdisk

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/Ubuntu#Ubuntu_Software_Tab for additional information on repositories.


Why do some of my powertop commands not work

Check this question https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/167820/startup-commands-in-etc-rc-local-wont-work

The first comment recommends to "Add set -x; exec >/var/log/rc.local.log 2>&1 at the top of /etc/rc.local just below the #!/bin/sh".

That helped me to find the problem of the programs I was attempting to run.


Where does Gnome/Nautilus store directory icons

The meta-data is stored using the meta-data storage system of GIO/GVFS. You can see what attributes are stored on a file by running gvfs-info /path/to/file in a terminal. To have the same folders with the same icons on a different machine, you'll generally have to manually set the icons again. Also note that the custom icons won't show up when browsing the folders remotely via sftp or some similar means.


Can I use Visa Electron to pay for ubuntu one service?

Unfortunately Visa Electron cards normally aren't real Visa cards, they're debit only cards and worse they're payment up front cards. This makes them expensive and unusual to process as you need a clearing house that supports them (Electron is to Visa what the old Solo was to Switch and meant for the really poor who don't even have enough credit to have their balance protected).

Anyway, back on track, the payment methods don't currently allow for visa electron. But you may be able to get hold of a pre-paid credit card (depending on your country) which you can use to do the transaction. They come with a fixed amount of money and it's a little more work, but you could get the job done.

The other option is to ask a friend with a real credit card to use his card instead and you give them the cash.


apt-get is stuck at "Fetched XXKb in XXsec"

This is a known bug and has been fixed. From a comment in the bug tracker, installing the following packages manually solves the problem, at least for me (the URLs are for amd64, adjust URLs for other architectures):

cd /tmp && mkdir asfix
cd asfix
wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/appstream_0.9.4-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/libappstream3_0.9.4-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i *.deb
cd ..
rm -r asfix


14.04 battery died during apt-get upgrade

Have you tried booting into recovery mode (via grub)?

Once in recovery mode you could do:

    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get upgrade

Since you may have packages that are partially installed, you may want to run:

    sudo dpkg --configure -a

before updating and upgrading from grub.


Ubuntu 20.04 boots to blinking cursor. Can get into tty2 but can't get desktop back

So I figured this out. After the update I was getting defaulted to the 5.8 kernel which no longer supports the rather old quadro NVS 420 in this machine. I can load force it to load 5.4 in GRUB.


Migrating, partitioning, and encrypting plan of attack

From an information security perspective, the safest course of action is:

Create an encrypted filesystem on a backup disk.
Back up your home folder to that encrypted filesystem.
Wipe the original disk with random data.
Perform a fresh, encrypted install.
Restore files from encrypted backup onto new encrypted filesystem.

All the while remembering that the weakest point in any crypto system is the human element. Choose a good passphrase, and use a different passphrase for each encrypted filesystem (this is not like "use a different password for each website", this is a serious infosec matter, identical keys on independent but related data sets is a serious cryptographic no-no and risks very real cryptanalytic attacks).


How to mount a drive when in xmonad using terminal?

cifs is the type for Windows/Samba shared directories, not NTFS partitions. Assuming you are really aiming to mount sda1 (it doesn't have a label, are you sure that's the one you want?), try:

sudo mount -t ntfs-3g -o rw,uid=$(id -u),gid=$(id -g) /dev/sda1 /mnt

Your files should be available in /mnt.


Is QtAudioEngine available for Ubuntu 16.04?

https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-51567

So, I'd say that QtMultimedia packages for Debian/Ubuntu were built without that support.

Quote:

  I got it to work by building QtMultimedia with CONFIG+=config_openal and setting the build environment variables INCLUDE and LIB to the openAL includes and libs folders respectively. Note that the windows installer of OpenAL doesn't have an "AL" folder as expected by the build so I renamed "includes" to "AL" and pointed INCLUDE to the parent folder.
  I manually copied the resulting qml plugin, the qmldir and the plugins.qmltypes to the qt installation's qml folder. Now the audio engine example works.

  But I agree, you shouldn't have to go to these lengths to enable features - and +1 to documenting how to do this.


You need to add the PPA

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 7F0CEB10
echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu "$(lsb_release -sc)"/mongodb-org/3.0 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.0.list
sudo apt-get update


D-Link DWL-G510 rt61 card not recognized

just confirmed...
R2x00 package (RT61pci module) doesn't work with 64bits environments.

At least I have tested with Ubuntu 10.04 and 11.10, both server and desktop and I have tried with Debian Squezze 64 too.

They recognize the card, but the driver just don't work.

I have tried to compile it against the 64bit distrib, but didn't work either.

I've installed the 32bits version and the network manager works perfectly, out of box. :(


How can I remove Unity's Max/Min/Close buttons on the top left of the Dash?

The Ubuntu Tweak application can do that for you. You'll find it at:

http://ubuntu-tweak.com

You find what you want in the Tweaks tab under "Window Manager Settings". Within "Window Titlbar Button Layout" check the Customize box and then uncheck the boxes in "Enable control:".


There are several ways to go about this.  Here are three options I can suggest you to try. It really depends on how you prefer to go about it for your system.

System Settings - Option 1

Change what key calls your HUD or completely disable it like so:

System settings…

 1. -> Keyboard
 2. -> Shortcuts tab
 3. -> Launchers

Assign a new key to “Key to show the HUD" or Disable

There are alternate solutions for editing your system settings in this Q&A How do I modify or disable the HUD's use of the Alt key? .

Program Driven - Option 2

Maybe try editing your global hotkeys with a program.

xbindkeys | With this option you'll have to know how to call capabilities though shell commands.

(Other suggestions? Leave a comment and I'll add it.)

Programming Driven - Option 3

Here is a answer on SO that you may find useful regardless of what you do.  This is a good answer to review especially if you choose to do this on your own programmatically along with this: Q&A How can I programatically show/hide my app window with global shortcut key?.


How to connect to Windows XP(Guest OS) of the VirtualBox from Ubuntu using tsclient

I have same configuration. And I setted my VBox as a (terminal)service, and it runs in background.

This configuration is multi-step, no too easy, if you are a beginner. But I did it...

VirtualBox

Start here, at first, you have to set Network type, to Bridge mode.
Look at here, in Attached to: section:

Then, your DHCP client will handle your XP as a new computer in LAN, so it will give a new IP to your virtual XP. That IP will be your RDP host. To check that IP, click on network icon near the clock, and the details tab will show your IP, if your DHCP works fine!

XP - guest machine

Here, you should enable RDP server mode and multi user login system, see that tutorial here.

Image example for STEP 5:

Ubuntu - host system

At first, I give you a method, how can you start your guest machine in background.

Hit [Alt] + [F2], type in: VBoxHeadless -startvm "NameOfVirtualMachine". You may add it to (System > Preferences >) Startup applications.

To check the status, start your VBox controller, and it will display: Running...

If you want to shut it down, you should log in remotely to guest, and right click on task bar(or [Ctrl] + [Alt] + [Del] if it works), then Task manager. In the task manager, you can click on Shut down > Power off; click yes, if it asks you about the restart problem.

Before you connect to your XP, you may play with resolution, settings, sound config, shared drive, not all options will work!

If I forget something, please ask me!


I found a simple fix.  I didn't have any problems pinging IP addresses; I ran into problems when I tried to issue a command like:

ping google.com

In other words, I could connect to the internet, as affirmed by the wifi indicator, but I was having problems turning domain names into IP addresses.  This process is handled by the text file /etc/resolv.conf, so I decided perhaps it need to be updated.  I issued the command:

sudo resolvconf -u

but Ubuntu spit this back at me:

/etc/resolvconf/update.d/libc: Warning: /etc/resolv.conf is not a symbolic link to /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf

This was the source of my problem: somehow /etc/resolv.conf was pointing to /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf .  Fortunately, once I removed the bad symbolic link and created a new symbolic link the wifi worked immediately.  That is, I ran the following commands:

sudo rm /etc/resolv.conf
sudo ln -s /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf

and the wifi was back up!  I hope this simple solution works for you too!


New video card breaks GRUB auto boot to GUI

The problem turned out to be the open source drivers did not work with my Nvidia card. After installing Nvidia's proprietary drivers, the system would boot normally.

In order to enter the keyphrase to mount the encrypted drive, I just keyed over (right arrow key) until I got the usual purple screen.


Sharing internet (wireless broadband usb) with router

It should be as easy as that, yes. You may want to deactivate IPv6. There's been some issues with that. I don't know if it's fixed. The symptoms of that problem is frequent connect/disconnects.


Here's how I fixed the black screen issue.  With a reduced page size (so that the screen wouldn't black out) I went to the Mozilla website.  The site automatically determined that I was using the latest version but offered the option (with a big green button) to "Refresh" the browser.  When I refreshed, the browser worked properly, and continues to work properly.

I still don't know what happened, nor why the refresh fixed the issue. It may be related to the bug mentioned by @Ignacio.


It appears that you have at least one repository still configured for natty (11.04). This may indicate that a previous upgrade has not taken this into account or that you've altered the sources.list file yourself and didn't change it when upgrading.

From the comments I can determine that it's just one line that is not configured for precise, the 'official' Ubuntu extras repository. Now the best thing to do is to fix this line to use precise instead. Below is just one way of doing this.

Open a terminal.
Enter the command

gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Locate the line containing

deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu natty main

Change natty to precise, so the line becomes

deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main

Save and close the editor.
Run a manual update of the package lists:

sudo apt-get update

This should output without errors and your update manager should work again.


How do I use my headphones and microphone?

See my answer at Bad sound quality and headphones not working for the steps to troubleshoot the issue and provide more information.


Burning Lubuntu 18.04 32-bit iso in various ways but can never boot to it

If you're using 32bit ISO then your machine is old.
So it uses normal BIOS instead of UEFI.
You have to set the boot drive priority from e.g [HDD, USB and then DVD] to [DVD, USB and then HDD] in Bios, save BIOS settings and reboot with DVD or USB attached.

Try hitting DEL or F2 (typical keys to enter BIOS) for entering BIOS after powering on the PC until the post screen appears. Or check your PC manual how to enter BIOS.

Another possibility not booting from DVD is missing El Torito Standard of your drive (or BIOS).

So i recommend to use a USB stick. Try Etcher windows app to create a bootable Linux USB ISO drive. It's very easy and works.
On Linux there's usually a "Drives" app to rebuild an ISO to a USB stick.


Unable to boot Ubuntu from 2TB M2 PCIe NVMe SSD

From the boot device selection screen, you need to install Ubuntu from the USB using the "UEFI BOOT" option:

it will not work if you choose the "LEGACY EXTERNAL DEVICE BOOT" option:


Having to delete and add printer every time I print. How to fix?

I know how it feels when things don't work as expected on Linux. Since you're a lucky owner of an HP printer, there's a solution for you.

go to HPLIP download page
2.grab HPLIP download for your distro
cd to the downloaded script location
$chmod u+x hplip-3.xy.zw.run && ./hplip-3.xy.zw.run


Protect Ubuntu system from MSFvenom attacks

MSFvenom is a component of the Metasploit Framework that is used to create payloads and is not something that is used to attack systems on it's own, it merely creates payloads. To keep your system "safer" from attackers, it's best to keep it fully updated, disable any services you don't use, uninstall any applications you don't use, install safe browser extensions (e.g. Chrome: netcraft, noscript, https everywhere, ghostery, ublock origin), keep flash and java uninstalled (unless absolutely required).To provide additional security (for your computer and mobile device), use a VPN at all times and use DNS Encryption (e.g. DNSCrypt).


One by Wacom does not work in Ubuntu 18.04.4

I have Ubuntu 20.04 installed on my computer. I have just bought Wacom One Medium to my kid, and it works flawless right out of the box. It is the newest linux, and an old and simple model of drawing tablet - I am not sure whether it would work with more sophisticated models, but this is pure plug'n'play experience.
I hope this helps someone.


Can I trust the updates offered in the Update Manager?

The answer is Yes as long as you can trust the sources. It is perfectly Okay to download and install the updates that appear in the update manager if you use only the standard Ubuntu software sources.

But, if you added PPAs to your software source list, You will receive updates from those PPAs too. So, in that situation your trust level depends on the trust you have on those PPAs. Though you can update your system with PPAs enabled, I strongly recommend to disable PPAs before doing updates. This will help you to have much error free system, because installing updates from PPAs can arise many issues in future.

See this questions

Are PPA's safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?
What are PPAs and how do I use them?


Does an mdadm RAID 1 get checked automatically, or do I need to schedule a weekly check?

Speaking for at least mdadm RAID-5 arrays, a recheck gets scheduled for the first Sunday of every month.  You can do sudo systemctl list-timers mdcheck_start to confirm that it is scheduled to launch.


How to build source package with `pbuilder` for PPA upload?

The answer is that you don't.  pbuilder takes the source package and builds binaries.  It also can take the source code without a source package built and create the binaries that you would either host yourself or add to your own debian repository systems to host on your own.

That's not what you need for a PPA.

What you want to do, and what I strongly recommend, is that you follow traditional packaging procedures, and run debuild -S on the code, with the directory for the package there, containing the source code, the debian/ folder, and everything else.

Then, after you've built the source package by debuild -S, you can then upload the created .changes file in one directory above the source directory to the PPA via dput.  (this step is referred to on Launchpad's PPA Uploading help docs).

You can in theory use pdebuilder to keep your system clean and build inside a chroot, but read on for my statements on this, as to why it failed previously for you.

Per the comments, you have correctly identified that debhelper is unable to find the autoreconf plugin.

Also as I said in my comments on this answer, pbuilder and pdebuilder are both not smart enough to determine the debhelper dependencies.

To solve your issue so that your stuff can build, you will have to manually use pbuilder or pdebuilder to login to the chroot.  Then, you will have to manually install dh-autoreconf into the chroot, usually with apt-get install dh-autoreconf after you've logged into the chroot.

Once you've done that, and saved the state of the chroot, you should be able to pbuilder or pdebuilder your package.

(However, I prefer traditionally working with packages, and I don't care if my build system is entirely clean or not, all I really build are source packages, and the debhelper plugins aren't going to clutter my system that badly)


How to hide progress bars in PCManFM 1.2.5?

First, ensure you have more than one virtual desktop:

Second, make a safe backup of ~/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml and then edit the original using a plain text editor such as leafpad, as follows:

Go to the bottom of this file. The last two lines should be:

  </applications>
</openbox_config>

Now, just above the line containing </applications>, paste in the following:

<application class="Pcmanfm" name="pcmanfm" title="Copying files" type="dialog">
  <desktop>2</desktop>
</application>

Observe the indentations in use (for aesthetic reasons).

Then, scroll up a few more lines and you should see:

    <!--
        Lubuntu specific :
        Focus all applications launched
        Usefull when launching applications, like terminal from pcmanfm
   -->
    <application class="*">
      <focus>yes</focus>
    </application>

Cut the "-->" from its existing position and paste it immediately below

    <application class="*">
      <focus>yes</focus>
    </application>

In other words, you've commented out three lines which interfere with the code we've inserted earlier.

Save the file. If you used a plain text editor, the file type will be unaffected. If you use something else like LibreOffice or Abiword, ensure you save the file as plain text with the .xml suffix.

Open a terminal and run openbox --reconfigure to register your changes. You should just get back the prompt without any pop-up.

Now, whenever the "Copy Files" window opens, it does so on Desktop 2 and not on Desktop 1 which remains in focus all the time.

The Applications section of lubuntu-rc.xml is pretty powerful and the comments in that section are very helpful.

The same fix works in LXQt-based Lubuntu 19.04 which uses pcmanfm-qt version 0.14.1.


These are system ids that are used to run various services. They can be given specific privileges (you will find many of them in /etc/group). This is better than running all the services as root, because this limits the damage if something goes wrong (or the service is hacked).


The packages appear in /var/cache/apt/archives.


How to search for a particular file or all files from a graphical interface

Open Nautilus, the default file manager, by searching the dash for Files or clicking Files in the Launcher.

Press Ctrl+F

Type your search. You can chose whether to search in the Current folder or All Files. For just txt files, type txt. Not the wildcard (although it may work, I don't think it does).


Since 7f83f0bf-31b0-4977-97ed-a40d6c8c0c9a is the root partition, mount only it on /, so your fstab will look like this:

UUID=7f83f0bf-31b0-4977-97ed-a40d6c8c0c9a / ext4  errors=remount-ro    0     1
UUID=4e8e58d8-ef0b-4ebd-8403-8fc81d3121f1 swap

Ubuntu uses errors=remount-ro for / by default, and it is helpful in keeping the system running, but preventing future damage, if there disk errors.

And according to man fstab:

   The sixth field (fs_passno).
          This field is used by the fsck(8) program to determine the order
          in  which  filesystem  checks are done at reboot time.  The root
          filesystem should be specified with a fs_passno of 1, and  other
          filesystems  should have a fs_passno of 2.

So the last number should be 1 for /.


Korean(hangul) text entry in ubuntu 14.04

14.04 uses ibus-hangul 1.4.2-3, which unfortunately does not have the ability to switch between Korean and English within the input method.

To switch between English and Korean, you would need to switch the input method entirely using the indicator menu or using:

Super + space to cycle through your input sources and Shift + Super + space to cycle in reverse.

14.10 uses ibus-hangul 1.4.2+git20140818-1, which has added the ability to switch between English and Korean within the input method.

Choose Hangul from the ibus indicator.
Open the drop-down and choose Setup.
Look at the keybindings to toggle between English and Hangul while in Korean input. The default on an English language keyboard is Shift + space. You can change this to whatever works best for you.

If you prefer menus to keyboard shortcuts, you can also check/uncheck Hangul mode in the ibus indicator drop-down when Korean is activated.

To start with Hangul rather than English, check the Start in Hangul mode option in the setup.


Gamepad and steering wheel have stopped working

Wow. $sudo modprobe xpad. It was THAT easy.


Default program for opening .pro Qt project files

You can change the default application this way:

Right click a .pro file.
Click "Properties".
Select the "Open With" tab.
Click "Show other applications" if needed.
Select the application you want from the list.
Click "Set as default".

This should change the default application used for all .pro files.

Edit:

This won't work with .pro files, as they are associated with the "text/plain" type. The steps above are provided by air-dex in a comment.

Write an XML file like the shinythings-shiny.xml file in the xdg-mime man page (http://linux.die.net/man/1/xdg-mime). The type can be called, for example, "text/qt-project-file". Set the  pattern to "*.pro". Add a  tag saying that the custom MIME type is a subtype of text/plain too.
Execute the following command : sudo xdg-mime install <path to XML file>. Sudo must be used.
Select the default program just like explained above.

These steps can be used for any file extension. Just replace .pro with the extension and choose a suitable name to replace "text/qt-project-file".


Install the following packages, or their equivalent for Ubuntu with:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgl1-mesa-dri:i386
Reboot the PC.
If that does not work, then, run (this is an one line command):

find ~/.steam/root/ \( -name "libgcc_s.so*" -o -name "libstdc++.so*" -o -name "libxcb.so*" -o -name "libgpg-error.so*" \) -print -delete

Reboot again.


Wired connection not working after recovery

Try:

ip link

My output:

alex@IT-CROWD:/etc/udev/rules.d$ ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: enp3s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 10:c3:7b:4e:1d:6a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: vmnet1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:50:56:c0:00:01 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: vmnet8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:50:56:c0:00:08 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

And you can change the device name by defining the name manually with an udev-rule in(if file not existed create):

  /etc/udev/rules.d/10-network.rules

Add the following line, and don't forget change MAC and KERNEL to your MAC and KERNEL:

SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTR{address}=="10:c3:7b:4e:1d:6a″,KERNEL=="enp3s0″, NAME="eth0″

These rules will be applied automatically at boot.


Auto rotate screen on Dell 13 7000 with 15.04 (Gnome)

Edit: I know this doesn't answer your question directly since we have different computers and you are interested in Gnome, but I wanted to post this somewhere to help others.

The following worked for me for Ubuntu 16.10 (Unity) on a Spectre x360 (Kaby Lake). I suspect a similar treatment should work for other laptops.

As in @Yalokly's answer, install iio-sensor-proxy:

sudo apt-get install iio-sensor-proxy

This can be a can of worms to get working. You know it's working if when you run monitor-sensor stuff happens when you rotate your device. Here is the repo where you might find some troubleshooting info. I had some trouble getting it going. Updating my kernel from 4.8 to 4.10 worked for me. Search for a tutorial online. Like many others, I have the bug where sensor monitoring only works after the computer has been suspended-resumed at least once.

Unity does not do auto-rotation and tablet mode stuff on its own. I combined scripts from here and here so that:

Screen rotates automatically
Keyboard and trackpad only work when laptop is normally oriented; disabled in the other three orientations
Unity launcher is placed at the bottom for portrait orientations, and left for landscape orientations
The onboard program is started in the three 'tablet' orientations and killed for the 'laptop' orientation (extra: I found it helpful to enable auto-popup in text mode in the onboard preferences)

Here is the script:

#!/bin/sh
# IH: this script is taken from a combo of:
# https://linuxappfinder.com/blog/auto_screen_rotation_in_ubuntu
# https://askubuntu.com/questions/757900/hp-spectre-x360-disable-touchpad-in-tablet-mode-ubuntu-15-10

# Auto rotate screen based on device orientation

# Receives input from monitor-sensor (part of iio-sensor-proxy package)
# Screen orientation and launcher location is set based upon accelerometer position
# Launcher will be on the left in a landscape orientation and on the bottom in a portrait orientation
# This script should be added to startup applications for the user

# Clear sensor.log so it doesn't get too long over time
> sensor.log

# Launch monitor-sensor and store the output in a variable that can be parsed by the rest of the script
monitor-sensor >> sensor.log 2>&1 &

# Parse output or monitor sensor to get the new orientation whenever the log file is updated
# Possibles are: normal, bottom-up, right-up, left-up
# Light data will be ignored
while inotifywait -e modify sensor.log; do
# Read the last line that was added to the file and get the orientation
ORIENTATION=$(tail -n 1 sensor.log | grep 'orientation' | grep -oE '[^ ]+$')

# Set the actions to be taken for each possible orientation
case "$ORIENTATION" in
normal)
    xrandr --output eDP-1 --rotate normal
    gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Launcher launcher-position Left
    xinput set-int-prop 12 "Device Enabled" 8 1 #Enable Keyboard
    xinput set-int-prop 13 "Device Enabled" 8 1 #Enable Pad
    killall onboard
    ;;
bottom-up)
    xrandr --output eDP-1 --rotate inverted
    gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Launcher launcher-position Left
    xinput set-int-prop 12 "Device Enabled" 8 0 #Disable Keyboard
    xinput set-int-prop 13 "Device Enabled" 8 0 #Disable Pad
    onboard &
    ;;
right-up)
    xrandr --output eDP-1 --rotate right
    gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Launcher launcher-position Bottom
    xinput set-int-prop 12 "Device Enabled" 8 0 #Disable Keyboard
    xinput set-int-prop 13 "Device Enabled" 8 0 #Disable Pad
    onboard &
    ;;
left-up)
    xrandr --output eDP-1 --rotate left
    gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Launcher launcher-position Bottom
    xinput set-int-prop 12 "Device Enabled" 8 0 #Disable Keyboard
    xinput set-int-prop 13 "Device Enabled" 8 0 #Disable Pad
    onboard &
    ;;
esac
done

Note: My screen is called eDP-1, yours may be called something different. Run xrandr to find out the name, and change the four instances in the above script.

Save this somewhere as auto-rotate.sh, make it executable (chmod a+x auto-rotate.sh), and add it to Startup Applications.


Running graphical program on Ubuntu via Mac OSX Terminal - Keep program running?

I also have a similar situation: I often use my Mac terminal to launch commands on my Ubuntu server.

One thing you did not mention in your question is the way you connect to your Ubuntu server from the Mac terminal. If you do not connect to the Ubuntu server first, all your commands typed in the Mac terminal will be executed by the Mac itself, not by the Ubuntu server.

To connect to your Ubuntu server from the Mac terminal, type one of the following commands depending on the configuration of your Ubuntu server:

telnet <IP address or DNS name of your Ubuntu server>

or

ssh <IP address or DNS name of your Ubuntu server>

Once you are correctly logged in your ubuntu server, the prompt will indicate it by displaying the IP address or DNS name of your ubuntu server.

Then, you can type your commands as if you were in an Ubuntu server terminal.
When I tested what you want to do, I had not to use the nohup command. The "&" thing was enough.

In my test case, I connected to the Ubuntu Sever from my Mac terminal through the ssh command, then I launched my command from the connected Mac terminal :

ssh myServerDNSname
x11vnc &

At this time, when I analyse the process hierarchy using ps -elaf command, the x11vnc process is attached to a -bash process that is attached to the sshd process (the one that corresponds to the ssh session).

Then, I disconnect from the ssh session (ctrl + D or type exit in the Mac terminal).
The x11vnc process is still running: it has been automatically attached to the root process "1".


Looking for a screen monitoring program for a high school computer lab

If you mean you want to view students screens, that's built into Ubuntu desktop by default. It's called "Desktop Sharing" and you'll find it in the dash. Once it's running, you can connect to it using Remmina, which is also installed by default. It should automatically list available desktops in your network.

I'm not sure if it's installed by default on Lubuntu, but it's in the archives and should work just as good. Linux Mint, of course, is off-topic for this site.

It's provided by the vino package and the dialog to configure it is called vino-preferences.


Error while adding a watermark to mp4 with FFmpeg

Here is what I use. It doesn't use ffmpeg (which is deprecated), but rather avconv, a part of the libav-tools package .

Here is what I used to add a watermark:

avconv -i input.mpg -vf "movie=watermark.png [watermark];[in][watermark] overlay=0:0 [out]" -c:v mpeg2video -c:a copy output2.mpg

Here are a few useful links:

Teal Scientific discussing avconv

StackExchange Discussion on using ffmpeg

Youtube video of avconv


No keys show up because the Passwords and Keys application (Seahorse) does not migrate gpg1 keys to gpg2.

You can do this manually:

gpg2 --import < ./.gnupg/secring.gpg

Further reading:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/seahorse/+bug/1577198
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnupg2/+bug/1565963


Is there any Deep Freeze-like application for Ubuntu?

OFRIS is an open source application that can freeze your Linux, it is like Deep Freeze in Microsoft Windows operating system.

For Ubuntu versions 9.10, 10.04 and 10.10.  To Install OFRIS, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tldm217/tahutek.net -y
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install ofris-en -y

For Ubuntu versions 11.04, 11.10, 12.04, and  13.04.  To Install OFRIS, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

[COPY-fileformat]

if [ $(uname -m) == "x86_64" ]; then deb="http://goo.gl/DleLl"; else deb="http://goo.gl/V94Qs"; fi && wget -q $deb -O ofris.deb && sudo dpkg -i ofris.deb && rm ofris.deb

Image below shows OFRIS running on 13.04

Source:XGeek


It looks like part of a comment from a blog or social media site was copy/pasted.
For example, a comment like this might have been partially highlighted then copied to the clipboard.
Emma
1 Hour ago
No one cares, dude.

Highlighting text is very easy to do accidentally, as is copying to clipboard and pasting. All it takes is mouse button clicks. Text files can also be created with the right-click menu. It could happen by accident, especially if children or pets are around.


Difference between rtl8821ae and rtl8723be: if I install rtl8723be what will happen?

if I install rtl8723be what will happen?

Nothing; absolutely nothing.

Although I am sure that there are differences in each driver related to the specific chipset, the main difference that is relevant here is the mechanism by which driver modules load or not.

A driver will be called up and loaded when the system finds a pci.id or usb.id (and others not relevant here), that is explicitly listed in the driver. You can see this with:

modinfo rtl8821ae

From my machine:

<snip>
alias:          pci:v000010ECd00008821sv*sd*bc*sc*i*
alias:          pci:v000010ECd00008812sv*sd*bc*sc*i*

So any device with the pci.id of 10ec:8821 or 10ec:8812 will be claimed by the driver rtl8821ae.

Compare rtl8723be:

modinfo rtl8723be

From my machine:

<snip>
alias:          pci:v000010ECd0000B723sv*sd*bc*sc*i*

So any device with the pci.id of 10ec:b723 will be claimed by rtl8723be.

There are, in fact, a very few devices that are claimed by two, and in one case, three (!!!) drivers, but your device isn’t one of them.

You can find the pci.id for your device with the command:

lspci -nnk

And you can narrow down the results to your wireless device with:

lspci -nnk | grep 0280 -A3


Problem with driver for TP-LINK TL-WN727N on Ubuntu 14.04.3

Your device is covered by default in Ubuntu 15.10. You are probably only missing the firmware. Download and install the firmware with:

sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/porjo/mt7601
cd mt7601/src/mcu/bin
sudo cp MT7601.bin /lib/firmware/mt7601u.bin

Insert the device and it should be working.


PPA & Packaging: Packaging Source as a Binary Package

First of all, assuming your package is named ircbot, create a file named ircbot.install in the debian folder. This file contains instructions for the installer to copy certain files to their destination in the virtual filesystem you are referring to.

From there, it's simply a matter of adding the names of the files you want copied.

So, if you have a file bot.py that goes to /usr/share/ircbot/bot.py, you would add a line to ircbot.install like so:

bot.py usr/share/ircbot


How can I get my monitor's maximum resolution without the proprietary AMD graphic driver installed?

I didn't see any errors in the Xorg.0.log file the radeon driver seems to work well so try to create a Modeline for the unsupported resolution. Open a terminal with Ctrl+Alt+t and type:

cvt 1366 768

It should return:

# 1368x768 59.88 Hz (CVT) hsync: 47.79 kHz; pclk: 85.25 MHz
Modeline "1368x768_60.00"   85.25  1368 1440 1576 1784  768 771 781 798 -hsync +vsync

Now try to create a new mode for xrandr using this Modeline:

xrandr --newmode "1368x768_60.00"   85.25  1368 1440 1576 1784  768 771 781 798 -hsync +vsync

Finally apply the new mode to your desired output:

xrandr --addmode DVI-0 1368x768_60.00

Note: Change DVI-0 by your current active output, check the result of the xrandr command to know which one to choose.

EDIT: How to force lightdm to use this specific resolution:

Create a shell script in /usr/bin called lightdmxrandr.sh containing:

#!/bin/sh
xrandr --newmode "1368x768_60.00"   85.25  1368 1440 1576 1784  768 771 781 798 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --addmode DVI-0 1368x768_60.00
xrandr --output DisplayPort-0 --off --output DVI-0 --mode 1368x768_60.00 --pos 0x0 --rotate normal --output HDMI-0 --off

Make /usr/bin/lightdmxrandr.sh executable:

sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/lightdmxrandr.sh

Modify your lightdm settings:

sudo gedit /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-ubuntu.conf

to add the following line:

display-setup-script=/usr/bin/lightdmxrandr.sh

This will set the login screen resolution. To set the desktop resolution, do the following:-
Open Startup Applications. One can do so from the dash.
In the startup applications window select "Add". Then give a name of your choice. Then press browse and select lightdmxrandr.sh from /usr/bin. Now select "Add". Make sure there is a tick mark before the entry you just added and then close the window.

Now reboot. Both your login screen and desktop must have the 1366x768 resolution.

PS:- Credits for the last part of the answer go to this question here.


How to change file permissions when booted from a live disk/stick

I booted from a [persistent] live drive and could edit fstab in an installed system (both systems are 16.04.1) according to the following dialogue.

Identify the partition

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo lsblk -o model,size,name,fstype,label,mountpoint
MODEL              SIZE NAME        FSTYPE   LABEL                    MOUNTPOINT
Samsung SSD 850  232.9G sda
                   300M ├─sda1      vfat     EFI
                     1M ├─sda2
                   100G ├─sda3      ext4     root
                     5G └─sda4      swap                              [SWAP]
                   1.4G loop0       squashfs                          /rofs
                  29.7G mmcblk0
                     7G ├─mmcblk0p1 ntfs     usbdata                  /media/ubuntu/usbdata
                     1K ├─mmcblk0p2
                   122M ├─mmcblk0p3 vfat     usbboot                  /media/ubuntu/usbboot
                   1.4G ├─mmcblk0p4 iso9660  Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS amd64 /media/ubuntu/Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS amd64
                  21.1G └─mmcblk0p5 ext4     casper-rw                /media/ubuntu/casper-rw

Mount the partition

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/sdxn /mnt

where x is the drive letter and n is the partition number. In my case:

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda3 /mnt

List the file with the permissions

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo ls -l /mnt/etc/fstab
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 717 Apr 30  2016 /mnt/etc/fstab

Back it up

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo cp -p /mnt/etc/fstab /mnt/etc/fstab.bak

Edit /mnt/etc/fstab with root (superuser) privileges

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo nano /mnt/etc/fstab

Check versus the backup file

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo diff /mnt/etc/fstab /mnt/etc/fstab.bak
14d13
< # added this line for demo

List the file and its backup file

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo ls -l /mnt/etc/fstab*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 744 May 20 15:54 /mnt/etc/fstab
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 717 Apr 30  2016 /mnt/etc/fstab.bak
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$

Comment: So the edit was successful. The modified version was written.


Minor problems with using an ASUS Z97-A Motherboard

I have the same motherboard and I would recommend to:

First learn the impact the change on the Motherboard settings will have. This is not only affecting Ubuntu but also any other operating system because you are literally changing how the hardware will behave.
There are changes that can not be done AFTER you have install an operating system. For example disabling Secure Boot or EFI settings after an operating system was installed will confuse the OS since it thinks that "Wait a minute, I was installed with secure boot... What happened to it?? Am I crazy???!!"
In the case of Ubuntu stuck on the boot process is because the motherboard told Ubuntu when you did the installation what type of environment it would have, what type of settings it should set by default and how it should behave to have a correct boot process. Changing that will simply make the boot process fail because the settings that it had do not correlate with the ones of the motherboard.
Fast Boot disables several things (Depending how faster you want to boot). It could have disabled USB, FLoppy or even Sata connections not in use, but it could also disabled critical ACPI o APIC settings needed for the correct boot.
The Asus Optimal Tuning is NOT recommended for systems that have already being installed. It changes so many variables. From memory clock frequency to sleep states, to cpu clock rates and more. If the system already had a fix setting for this, or even a dynamic one, the tuning would make a chaos of it. The same case happens with Windows 7 or 8 systems that the user wants to tweak but does not know the whole scenario of outcomes it can lead, some of which are literally burning the CPU, blowing a capacitor on the motherboard or damaging the memory (All cases I have seen first hand, the worst was the CPU on fire).

You do not need to tweak that many settings. You can change the fast boot to a moderate setting and do a firmware update which can about 2 weeks ago: http://www.asus.com/Motherboards/Z97A/HelpDesk_Download/

which offer:

Improve system stability
Improve System performance
Enhance accuracy for DRAM frequency
And more...

But other than that, if you love the motherboard, don't try tuning it to have more power, because if something I had learned from that is that you can actually get more power, but you pay with lifetime. So the motherboard instead of lasting 5, 6 or 6 years in top shape. It would last 1 or 2 years, afterwards you would wonder why it resets or turns itself off randomly.


From the Firefox menu goto View > Tool Bars  and click on Bookmarks Toolbar


Can I rename a partition of my external hard drive without damaging the files on the other partition? If so, how?

As far as I know, renaming a partition, even if not empty, should not effect the data on it. Just be careful to rename, not repartition or reformat.

Look here for how to rename from either a GUI or terminal


Try this commands:

rm ~/.cache/software-center -R

and then

unity --reset &

This should solve your problem


Problem to write .csv file using R in 14.04

What seems most likely is that ~/data/ doesn't exist. Create that and it should be able to write.

You can do that in R if you like with dir.create:

dir.create("./data", showWarnings=FALSE)

Thanks to your update we can see that you're running as root. That means the directory you created is owned by root and can only be written into by root. Nuke it:

sudo rmdir data

Then go back to being your user (run logout or press Control+D) and then recreate the directory. When you stat it, the owner/group should both be arul.


OO Impress incredibly laggy when resizing text

Maybe you should try Libreoffice (http://www.libreoffice.org/download), its basically the same, but with many tweaks and bug fixes and the development goes on quite fast.


Check the bios for startup alternatives. Press F12 (or whatever key that takes your computer to the BIOS settings) and check your startup/boot alternatives.


I also had sound working on my 11.10 64bit machine except in VLC.

After reboot, I restored audio in vlc 2.01 by muting a video and then unmuting. Strange.


As for now, only PTP photo access works with iOS 9 and later. Simply sorry to say but Camera/Photo Synchronization is not available with iOS 9 through libimobiledevice library. But you can upload photos to icloud library from your computer and later access them on your iPhone. That's what I'm doing


How do I send an AT command in minicom or cu?

Looks like you haven't told it what baud rate (speed) the port is running at.

sudo stty -F /dev/ttyS0
gets

speed 9600 baud; line = 0;
-brkint -imaxbel

on my system - default of 9600 baud.

Minicom, IIRC, defaults to 115200.

There is a good chance your device isn't using that speed. If you're sending AT commands it's a fair bet you're looking at a modem, in which case 9600 would be an antique model; try setting 115200 or 38400 baud. Without knowing what device you have it's pointless trying to talk about changing it's setting!

You will, then, need to play with the PC end - unless you know what speed your device uses. sudo stty -F /dev/ttyUSB0 38400 will set your USB to 38400; in Minicom, it's -A then Z then O to get the menu you want. You can try guessing, it won't break anything.


In the case of grep, you can simply use the -c option

dpkg -l | grep -c python

From man grep

   -c, --count
          Suppress normal output; instead print a count of matching  lines
          for  each  input  file.  With the -v, --invert-match option (see
          below), count non-matching lines.  (-c is specified by POSIX.)

More generally, you can pipe command output to the wc command e.g.

 dpkg -l | grep python | wc -l


Display Flashing with Kaby Lake on 16.10

Finally managed to fix it! Turns out when I use Ubuntu in BIOS mode (rather than UEFI) it works perfectly. I'm guessing it's some compatibility issue with my Gigabyte H270N-WIFI motherboard. Had no idea EFI problems could cause strange display issues like this.


which version of syslog-ng are you using?

Can you try changing unix-dgram("/dev/log") to system() ?


removed apache and its config file from ubuntu, browser still shows default page

If you run this command and it shows a running Apache2 server, you still have a web server installed:

sudo service apache2 status

It's also possible you have a different web server installed and running, such as lighttpd or nginx. Likewise you can check if they are running:

sudo service lighttpd status
sudo service nginx status

You can also try removing all of the packages associated with them this way:

sudo service apache2 stop
sudo service lighttpd stop
sudo service nginx stop
sudo apt remove apache2 apache2-bin
sudo apt remove lighttpd
sudo apt remove nginx

If for some reason you still have a HTTP server running consider looking at:

which apache2
which lighttpd
which nginx

To see if any files are located in /usr/local or /opt - in which case you have to delete them manually.

You can also find which command specifically is using port 80 using this:

sudo netstat -plnt | grep ':80'


You need to open the file using superuser permissions as follows:

sudo vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

edit the file by pressing i and then save and exit by pressing Esc and then either :wq or :x or just :w to save.

Thanks to Riking for suggesting sudoedit: you can use sudoedit /path/to/file/filename for editing files owned by root rather than using sudo <editor> /pat/to/file/filename. This is useful for enterprise-level machines or production machines since sudoedit logs to /var/log/auth.log.

If you want to change the default editor for sudoedit, do the following:

sudo update-alternatives --config editor

and then press Return and choose the editor of your choice and again press Return.

See also: A discussion on redit on why sudoedit may be advantegeous


Convert modify time from stat into timestamp

For comparison purposes you are probably better off using seconds since epoch (i.e. stat -a %Y) directly or even simpler use one of the bash built-in file tests [[ FILE1 -nt FILE2 ]] or [[ FILE1 -ot FILE2 ]] instead:

   file1 -nt file2
          True if file1 is newer (according  to  modification  date)  than
          file2, or if file1 exists and file2 does not.
   file1 -ot file2
          True  if file1 is older than file2, or if file2 exists and file1
          does not.

However since the question as asked is about conversion, since %y is modification time, if you have a recent version of GNU date you could cheat and use that instead. From man date:

-r, --reference=FILE
       display the last modification time of FILE

So

$ date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S -r file
20170111075620

Alternatively, you could pass the seconds-since-epoch from stat to date:

$ date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S -d "@$(stat -c '%Y' file)"
20170111075620


Ubuntu 12.04 strange internal battery capacity error

Batteries lose capacity as they age.  Even if they are not used, ie they are sitting on the shelf in a warehouse.

If the capacity you are seeing is about 85% of the design capacity I'd say that is not too bad for a battery with a year or so under its belt (though normally on a brand new battery you'd expect that to be a good amount higher).

Edit: given that this particular battery is brand new, and that the capacity seems to be dropping too fast, there may be a fault with the battery.

It is possible for a battery capacity to be, say 4400mAh by design, but to actually be 4480mAh when brand new, then drop to 3950mAh within the first year and a half.  At any time, however, if you charge the battery fully to that amount, it should be reported as 100% charged (or 98%+, depending on the aggressivity of the charger), even if the capacity of the battery is only 89% that of the battery's design capacity.  This is because the percentage charged should be reported as a percentage of actual capacity rather than design capacity.

At any rate, it isn't an Ubuntu issue.  I mean, how much the charger charges the battery, when it stops charging, and how much the battery is capable of storing, isn't.  How it's reported in Ubuntu might be, however.  If you have reason to suspect that Ubuntu is actually reporting the battery capacity incorrectly, notwithstanding what I said above, then that is entirely possible.

Note too that all those stats the battery keeps are a best guess, and they are somewhat limited in their ability to accurately measure the amount of charge going in and out.

This answer may not have actually solved your problem buy hopefully it was still somewhat useful.


How to enable wireless on Ubuntu Server 18.04 via CLI?

Let's amend your netplan file. From the terminal:

sudo nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

Amend the file to read:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  wifis:
    wlo1:
      dhcp4: true
      dhcp6: true
      access-points:
        "network_ssid_name":
          password: "**********"

Of course, substitue your network name and password. Note that both are enclosed in quotation marks ".

Netplan is quite strict about indentation and spacing; proofread carefully. Next, do:

sudo netplan generate
sudo netplan apply

Reboot and tell us if you connected:

ping -c3 www.ubuntu.com

If you get ping returns, you are all set.

Reference: https://netplan.io/examples


How can I delete useless text entry in the drop down menu?

This happened to me too. I tried the following steps:

List item
run gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.input-sources sources
go to System Settings and click Text Entry.
add input source you need back.

Everything went back to normal!


Snap error: Unable to install due to Fonts

So I managed to solve the issue. Here's how I did it:
Move fonts to a temp folder

sudo mv /etc/fonts/ /etc/fonts.bak

Reset the desktop:

dconf reset -f /

Reset permissions of existing fonts in shared folder:

find /usr/share/fonts -type f -exec sudo chmod 644 {} ;

Reset permissions of existing fonts in user folder:

find ~/.fonts -type f -exec sudo chmod 644 {} ;

Move fonts back to original folder:

sudo mv /etc/fonts.bak/ /etc/fonts

Reset font cache

sudo fc-cache -r -v

Downside is that by resetting the desktop you will have to start over with any customization you have made there. Also, I'm by no means an expert but the above worked for me so I thought to share it..


How do I set my keyboard layout to work like the Windows mnemonic Russian keyboard?

One way to come close to the desired behavior is to

Define a compose key
Create the file ~/.XCompose
Add the desired compose sequences to ~/.XCompose
Relogin

I tested it with a ~/.XCompose file with only this line:

<Multi_key> <Cyrillic_es> <Cyrillic_ha> : "ш" Cyrillic_sha # CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHA

When using the Russian (phonetic) keyboard layout it lets me do:

Compose followed by С followed by Х -> ш


When will the Nvidia Vulkan driver arrive in Additional Drivers?

Every Ubuntu edition ships with the latest current stable NVIDIA drivers from the NVIDIA long-lived branch. These drivers are tested, maintained and provided with security updates until the end of life of this edition is reached. Newer NVIDIA drivers releases are not added, but they are made available from the Proprietary GPU Drivers PPA. Every time new drivers are released they are getting added shortly, in most of the cases this happens within one or two days. When you want to install more current drivers, add this PPA to the software sources. Just open a terminal and execute the following command : sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa. Update the repositories : sudo apt update. Now you can see new drivers in Additional Drivers.


How to set-up DSL dialer for Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

I finnaly got it working after some hints from here and there.
First Enter a 'Locally Administered Address' in Windows environment.
Boot in Ubuntu open Network Connection and then in the Wired tab click Auto Ehternet, click "Edit". Enter the Localy Administered Address' in the Clone MAC addr field.

Go to DSL tab setup your connection and enter the same address in Clone Mac adrress field.
Click on save.
Now when you will click on your DSL connection Wired Network will get disconnected and then then DSL will connect.
That's it!


How do I check if a package comes preinstalled with Ubuntu or if I installed it myself?

The easy way to determine if a package is installed by the Ubuntu Desktop Installer is to check if it's included in the ubuntu-desktop metapackage. That's the metapackage that defines what the installer will install:

You can see the list of immediate dependencies using the command: apt depends ubuntu-desktop.

But what if your package is not listed among the immediate dependencies? You can easily find out by testing the package with apt.

For example, let's simulate the removal of nautilus (the Gnome file manager). We will, of course, use the --simulate flag; there is no need to destroy our system to answer this simple question. You can see below that removing nautilus also results in the removal of ubuntu-desktop. This is conclusive proof that nautilus is installed by the Desktop Ubuntu installer:

$ apt remove nautilus --simulate
NOTE: This is only a simulation!
      [...]
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons nautilus nautilus-share ubuntu-desktop
  ubuntu-desktop-minimal
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 5 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Remv ubuntu-desktop [1.440]
Remv ubuntu-desktop-minimal [1.440]
Remv gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons [19.10.2-1]
Remv nautilus-share [0.7.3-2ubuntu3]
Remv nautilus [1:3.34.1-1ubuntu1]

Let's expand on that example in two ways. Let's move down the dependency tree and try to remove a sub-dependency (nautilus-data). We do this by changing from remove to autoremove. Also, let's use grep to reduce the output. You can see below that this is an effective way to test any (sub-)dependency of ubuntu-desktop anywhere in the chain of dependencies. The nautilus-data package is installed by the Ubuntu Desktop Installer:

$ apt autoremove nautilus-data --simulate | grep ubuntu-desktop
  session-shortcuts tree ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-desktop-minimal
Remv ubuntu-desktop [1.440]
Remv ubuntu-desktop-minimal [1.440]

Let's look at the case with the opposite result. chrome is NOT a dependency of ubuntu-desktop. It was installed sometime later. Removing it WON'T remove ubuntu-desktop:

$ apt autoremove chrome --simulate | grep ubuntu-desktop
(No output)


RAM memory size info confusion; F2 key or "System Setting"?

Second Edit: Here is the Microsoft Technet article that explains the problem.

About the two figures:

The F2 key reports what size motherboard BIOS sees for the physically installed memory in the computer;
The second number that you see (in "Detail" and the result of lshw) is the actual size of RAM that the loaded operating system (OS) can use for running programs.

Both are correct and the existence of the big difference is OK.

Here is the explanation:

Your computer is using Intel® 945PM Express chipset. This is the official specifications of your computer. Intel 945PM chipset has 32-bit physical memory addressing ability. See page 23 from the PDF document, the text is "32-bit interface to address up to 4 GB of memory". So your computer can physically handle only 4GB of addressable RAM space and this don't change regardless using 32-bit or 64-bit kernel. Various systems and devices need to reserve some RAM address space in order to work. For example the PCI-Express bus needs 256MB of RAM address space. The video card needs additional 256/512MB depending on the model and the implementation. There was similar problem with MacBook Pros. If you have 3GB RAM in your system that is not a problem because the PCI-Express and videocard address spaces are allocated just before the end of RAM i.e. above 3GB. But when you have 4GB, the memory controller has to disable the access to the RAM on addresses between the 4GB and where these buffer space starts.

Here is an illustration of the problem. I don't know the guy but it should help to illustrate what is going on. This is the original post.

Edit:
You can check how the address space is allocated by the command cat /proc/iomem. And here is Stackoverflow question how to understand the output.

This problem will not occure on systems equiped with Intel 965 chipset. It can handle more RAM.


Logical 'or' symbol | in Libreoffice Writer

For that particular symbol try this formula:

left none x mline y right none


Installing Ubuntu along side of Windows 8.1 on Sony Vaio

You may have to install in BIOS boot mode and then use Boot-Repair to convert to UEFI boot. Sony's have a 'buggy' UEFI where they have modified UEFI to only boot Windows. I might download new UEFI to see if they fixed it, but I doubt it.

How you boot install media is how it installs. Or boot in UEFI or BIOS mode to install in that mode.

Shows install with screen shots for both BIOS & UEFI, so you know which you are using.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI

Also shows Windows 8 screens

Installing Ubuntu Alongside a Pre-Installed Windows with UEFI

Boot Repair -Also handles LVM, GPT, separate /boot and UEFI dual boot. required for UEFI & grub bug fixes

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

Boot-Repair's work around for buggy UEFI is to copy shim into Windows efi folder, rename Windows efi file to a backup name and rename shim to be the Windows file name. Then UEFI thinks it is booting Windows when it really boots grub2's shim file. But then you only can boot Windows from grub menu as it has a different name.

With nVidia, you also may need nomodeset boot parameter unless you have dual video and really boot with the Intel video mode.


Ok, I think you should run the commands suggested in the answer which Byte Commander pointed at:

sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/*
sudo apt update

EDIT

In simple terms for some reason you got malformed files in the cache during updates and what this solution does is to clean the cache and get new information, therefore removing the malformed files.


Ubuntu 15.10 - UI themes aren't correctly loaded

This problem was solved for me when I downgraded kernel. I installed on Ubuntu 15.10 with kernel 4.3 and the theme don't apply apply properly. When I downgraded to the stock kernel the theme worked properly.


I was facing same problem, this boot-repair software helped me.
Boot-Repair is a simple tool to repair frequent boot issues you may encounter in Ubuntu like when you can't boot Ubuntu after installing Windows or another Linux distribution, or when you can't boot Windows after installing Ubuntu, or when GRUB is not displayed anymore, some upgrade breaks GRUB, etc.

Here is the link  Boot-Repair


Cannot install Oracle JDK via apt in Ubuntu 16.04

First of all in case you think you need Oracle Java because of some stupid tutorial you found on the internet, all you need to do to install Java in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu is to run this command:

sudo apt install default-jdk

If you're continuing on to read the rest of this answer, then you think that you need to install Oracle Java instead of the installing a Java package from the default Ubuntu repositories.

I tried to download Oracle Java 9 manually from the official Oracle website at: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk9-downloads-3848520.html and the link to download jdk-9.0.4_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz is working. If download link is not working because it's been updated, go to the official Oracle website and download Java from there. Your other alternative is to install openjdk-9-jdk from the default Ubuntu 16.04 repositories.

Install Oracle Java JDK the manual way

Java 8 can also be installed the same way. The link to download Java 8 manually from the official Oracle website is: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html


How can I take screenshots from inside a fullscreen program?

There's more than one way to skin a cat.

In your application launcher, you should have this guy:

Turns out, he has a delay setting:

It's not ideal, but you can open this, set a sufficient delay, open your program, and when the time comes, it will successfully take a (fullscreen) screenshot of a fullscreen program.


Very slow startup of some browsers (Brave and Opera)

I've been struggling with a very similar issue for several weeks now. I solved it today by reinstalling opera directly from a .deb file:

I started by uninstalling snap's Opera with sudo snap remove opera in the terminal.
On the Opera website (https://www.opera.com/download) I downloaded their .deb install file. (currently
opera-stable_75.0.3969.171_amd64.deb, but presumably this is updated
regularly.)
I installed this via apt in the termianl. I am told it is essential to indicate the full file path for this process (no ~/). Additionally,
the 'tab' key was helpful in automatically filling out the specific
filename. sudo apt install /home/[USER NAME]/Downloads/opera-stable_75.0.3969.171_amd64.deb


The convert command from imagemagick can probably do what you need. I think this should work:

convert a.tif -scene 1 a%d.tif

You can also try googling "imagemagick tif multipage convert" to get some more information.

http://www.imagemagick.org/discourse-server/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=23053

As for a GUI solution, I'd try opening the file with GIMP, it may be smart enough to open each page in a separate window, then you can export each of them to a separate file.


Terminator dock icon - no middle click new window

ok, after a restart (not the first one since configuring shortcuts etc) it now seems to behave as expected. Still seems like a bit of a bug, but has resolved itself for now.


Ubuntu restarting automatically when idle for some time

It was a hardware problem. The SMTP got damaged.


Question 2: This answer is for the acpi-cpufreq CPU frequency scaling driver driver:
The way to check which CPU frequency driver you are using is to do:
cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_driver

The conservative mode has a slower load-versus-CPU-frequency response curve, meaning it takes a little more load on the CPU to before the CPU frequency climbs.
The ondemand mode has a faster load-versus-CPU-frequency response curve, meaning it takes a little less load on the CPU before the CPU frequency climbs.
The driver uses hysteresis, so the increasing and decreasing load versus CPU frequency curves are not the same.
The powersave mode locks the requested p-state at the lowest value for the processor. The result is the CPU is always at the lowest clock frequency.
performance mode locks the target pstate at the highest value for the processor. However, note that some processors can back-off under no load by themselves. For simplicity, just think of it as the CPU always being at the highest frequency.
Question 1: Yes, you can limit the upper frequency.
First get a list of the available frequencies (example from my computer):
doug@s15:~/temp$ cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies
3401000 3400000 3300000 3100000 3000000 2900000 2800000 2600000 2500000 2400000 2200000 2100000 2000000 1900000 1700000 1600000

Then decide what you want the maximum frequency to be, noting that it must be from the list. Then set it:
echo 2600000 | sudo tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq

And repeat for all CPUs.
A script version might be preferred, run as sudo:
#! /bin/bash
cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
for file in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq; do echo "2900000" > $file; done
cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq


Boot from Opensuse live cd, do a os-prober in terminal to see if all operating systems are listed.

If yes, then you are safe. Just select manual partitioning scheme,then select the windows partition, format it and install Opensuse there. Install the bootloader in the harddrive, not in any partition.
if it doesn't detect any 1 operating system, then there is a conflict in UEFI/EFI/Legacy bootloader. Probably opensuse is reading the UEFI BIOS, while  previous operating systems are installed in LEGACY bios. A Simple solution to this problem is to just turnoff the UEFI bios & then simply follow step 1.

Enjoy :)


Can't install Ubuntu on Bay Trail, it keep freezing on first minute

Answer my own question.

How to set intle_idle.max_cstate=1 or other boot paramater on live USB installer.

Option 1 - Add paramater in GRUB menu (Recommended)

GRUB is a boot loader. Simplicity: menu that appear after booting that show you some option like "Try Ubuntu Without Installing" and "Install Ubuntu".

Point to an option (use up and down arrow) that you want boot into. Don't press enter! instead press 'e' for edit command line boot option.

After pressing e, now it show like editor in command line. Find a line that start with linux and usually end with ---. It looks like this:

linux   /casper/vmlinuz  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed quiet splash ---

From this line, you can add boot parameter. Place the paramater before ---. So, if you want to add intle_idle.max_cstate=1 or other paramaters, the line now should be like this:

linux   /casper/vmlinuz  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed quiet splash nomodeset intel_idle.max_cstate=1 ---

If you done. Press f10 to boot into Ubuntu.

Option 2 - Edit grub.cfg directly

This is a 'dirty' way because you directly edit the grub.cfg on installer sources.

The grub.cfg is located at USBINSTALLER->boot->grub folder. In that location, you can find and edit the grub.cfg.

The file is something like this:

menuentry "Try Ubuntu without installing" {
    set gfxpayload=keep
    linux   /casper/vmlinuz  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed quiet splash ---
    initrd  /casper/initrd
}
menuentry "Install Ubuntu" {
    set gfxpayload=keep
    linux   /casper/vmlinuz  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed only-ubiquity quiet splash ---
    initrd  /casper/initrd
}
...

Next step is edit the file and add boot paramater to linux line like the Option 1. Save if you done. And you can boot into Ubuntu directly without adding paramater from GRUB.


Try to run this on the terminal:

gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

and add the following:

# Keep snd-pcsp from being loaded as first soundcard
options snd-pcsp index=-2
alias snd-card-0 snd-hda-intel
alias sound-slot-0 snd-hda-intel
options snd-hda-intel model=dell-headset-dock

Unplug and plug your headphones and restart if necessary.
I hope that helps. Good luck!


Why did my disk shrink after cancelling a resize, and how can I get the space back?


13.10 hangs on waking from suspend except when suspended from console

Seems I have same issue and with help of your testing I found workaround.
Make a script that switch to console before suspend and switch back after resume.

In a terminal run sudoedit /etc/pm/sleep.d/fglrx-fix and paste in the following script. Afterwards make it executable by running sudo chmod u+x /etc/pm/sleep.d/fglrx-fix

Script:

#!/bin/bash
#Script kills autofs when going into standby to eliminate issues with it
case $1 in

suspend)
#suspending to RAM
    chvt 1
    echo "Going to sleep"
    sleep 1
;;
resume)
#resume from suspend
    echo "try to resume"
    sleep 1
    chvt 7
;;
esac


How to move specific files while preserving their directory structure

Why don't you use curlftpfs? I think that would be simpler that uploading and downloading a whole directory structure.

sudo apt-get install curlftpfs

Mount a remote ftp filesystem:

curlftpfs -v user:password@ftp-server.com/path/ /mnt/

Then edit or modify whatever you have to, and unmount the fs. But notice, the filesystem is very slow.

Edit: If your password has special characters like "@" use a file called ~/.netrc with the following format:

machine ftp-server.com
login user
password p@ssword

And mount the fs via:

curlftpfs -v ftp-server.com/path/ /mnt/