A php script that I want it be run by Transmission client!

I am leaving this in order to follow up the original question which is asking to run a specific php script. But a workaround is provided in the New Recipe section in order to solve the main problem.

Please try this and inform on your results, after which this answer may be changed or deleted:

At a certain moment your password may be asked.

First of all, let's create a file called script.php by dropping in a
terminal sudo gedit script.php (remember that you can drop this
file in whatever folder you wish but for testing purposes your home
folder will be good).
In the file, let's copy/paste the contents of the script that you
mention. Save the file and close it down.
Now let's give the file the proper file permissions and the
execution permission also by dropping the next two lines in a
terminal, one line at once.

sudo chmod 755 script.php

sudo chmod a+x script.php
Now, let's install php5-cli by dropping in a terminal sudo apt-get
install php5-cli and let's wait the terminal to finish the install
process.

Once php5-cli is installed we can test the script by invoking php script.php  --port=9999 --hostname=192.168.0.1; in a terminal, but it will be better if you do it from inside of Transmission.

php5-cli is a command line interpreter for the PHP5 Scripting Language and it is useful to run php scripts like this, it is more like the php.exe file for Windows, the one that you refer on your original question.

I hope you succeed but please inform on your results in order to provide the proper support or delete this answer if not useful.

Addendum

After reading your comments, I give you this fast-food recipe for the php script.

First of all I need to explan certain things of the example given by the script's author, as follows:

script.php  --port=9999 --hostname=192.168.0.1;

--port=9999 = 9999 is an example port, but in this field you should
write the same port number that you define on the Web client tab.
--hostname=192.168.0.1 = Must be the ip of the equipment that you wish the script run to kill transmission's process.

This makes me think that the process can be invoked remotely but for our particular case we are going to use the default values so that we need not to include neither the port nor the hostname. By simply running the script.php file in a terminal or invoked by transmission and it's going to use the default values which apply to our computer (localhost).

Then, let's cook fast food:

We need a file, let's call it bye.sh and place it somewhere, your
home folder is a good place for testing purposes.
Insert the next inside of the file (fast food script here),
save it, close it and give it execution permissions. (for reference,
go down on this answer and find how).

Then, serve it inside of your Transmission "Download" tab but make
sure you include the proper bye.sh file to be invoked when the
download finishes.

That's it. I need to explain that somehow, the php script is succeeding but it observes a small delay after the downloads finishes and I have just tested with 2 small torrent files. I can't say if the delay will increase if the list is longer or the download size is heavier, behavior that is not observed by the New Recipe formula. However, the PHP file gives you the warranty that it's going to run in whatever OS that is PHP capable, and my New Recipe is mostly intended for Linux Based Systems, it works on Ubuntu and may succeed in other distributions, Debian or Ubuntu based, and certain modifications will allow it to succeed in other non Debian/Ubuntu based distributions.

Good luck!

New Recipe

OK I have a new recipe for this case, I admit it got all my attention, even when I don't use Transmission so often.

The Recipe

Ingredients

transmission-gtk (installed somehow, from the software bag,
terminal, etc.)
transmission-cli (sudo apt-get install transmission-cli, provide
password, wait the install to finish.)
The Script. (cooked apart)

Preparation

Let's prepare our transmission in order to receive web client
petitions from outside, this way we can monitor what is happening in
our program. Let's open Transmission and go to the "Web" tab in order
to enable the "Enable web client" checkbox as shown in the next
screenshot.

(Default values will do the trick perfectly)

Let's open our favorite text editor in order to create a file named
byebye.sh and let's place the next contents inside. (See the script here)

Now, let's find the bybye.sh file and give it the proper execution permissions by dropping in a terminal sudo chmod a+x bybye.sh or by entering the file properties in Nautilus and activating the "Allow executing file as program" checkbox in the "Permissions" as shown in the next screenshot.

Once we cooked out the script, let's install transmission-cli, in a
terminal drop: sudo apt-get install transmission-cli, hit Enter and
provide your password, after which the software will be installed.

Time for tasting

In a terminal, drop transmission-remote --list | sed '1d;$d' | grep -v Done | wc -l after which the results may vary from case to case, depending on the amount of torrents that are pending or currently downloading in transmission. If the results is different than 0 we're on our way. If you receive 0 and something is downloading or in queue, you must check the recipe from the beginning. If you receive an error please drop it in a comment in order to provide support.

If everything is going fine, now let's instruct transmission to run
the script everytime a torrent is completed. CALM DOWN! Please,
calm... the script will run each time a torrent is completely
download, but it will only trigger the action to terminate
transmission just when the results of downloads equals zero. This
conditional way give us the tranquility that transmission won't close
down on each download. A screenshot is provided for your convenience:

And voila! The recipe can be served in generous portions and in company of all your downloads. Transmission will close down just if the last download succeeded.

SOME WARNINGS

If Transmission is having only one pending action and the download finishes at the very moment of the software's opening, Transmission is going to close as soon as it opens.

Glossary:

killall -9 transmission = Will close transmission in a gently mode so that you won't receive an error message each time it is closed. By simply using killall transmission is going to close it in an rude way thus the software will report a close failure.

Now, make sure you include a glass with excellent Cuban rum for me in the table when serving the recipe and...

Good luck!


Trying to install vsftpd on Ubuntu 16.04

If you didn't touched /etc/vsftpd.conf, the reason for this failure status should be that another service is already listen on the default FTP port - 21. I've made an experiment and I've received the same status as yours. You can investigate which is that another service by any of the commands:

sudo lsof -i -n -P | grep ':21'
sudo netstat -peanut | grep ':21'

Try to sudo systemctl stop <that another>.service and sudo systemctl start vsftpd.service, then check the status again: sudo systemctl status vsftpd.service.

Another way to solve this issue is to change the port on which one of these services listen. For example you can do that for vsftpd by adding the following directive to /etc/vsftpd.conf - reference:

listen_port=2121

Then you should instruct the FTP client to connect via the port 2121 instead of the default one. In most cases you just need to add :<port-number> at the end of the target ip-address/FQDN. For example, if you are using Nautilus as FTP client:

Additional notes:

I do not know how secure is vsftp in practice, but if you do not have a special need to use this service you can use sftp that goes over the encrypted SSH connection and uses its key based authentication if it is previously configured. Also, you do not need to open any additional port into your firewall.

Sure, if you have SSH access to the Ubuntu instance, sftp is already available if you haven't disabled it! Here are few references related to that:

Filezilla or WinSCP alternative for Ubuntu
The second section of this answer is how to setup SSH key based authentication
SSH connection can be established but sftp connection is denied via terminal or any client
Also the command scp and rsync can be used for file transfer via SSH.


Not space left on disk. Need Clean Up Help

Clean up your package installation:

sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoclean

You could use tools like:

Linux Disk Cleaner:

Download Link: https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/raring/linux-disk-cleaner/

Bleachbit:

Download Link: https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/bleachbit/


You will have to recover grub. That is the way I recommend:

I never got in trouble by using these instructions:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Grub2#Recover

First of all, you must start your system from a live cd. Then

"METHOD 3 - CHROOT

This method of installation uses the chroot command to gain access to the broken system's files. Once the chroot command is issued, the LiveCD treats the broken system's / as its own. Commands run in a chroot environment will affect the broken systems filesystems and not those of the LiveCD.

1) Boot to the LiveCD Desktop (Ubuntu 9.10 or later). Please note that the Live CD must be the same as the system you are fixing - either 32-bit or 64-bit (if not then the chroot will fail).

2) Open a terminal (Applications > Accessories > Terminal).

3) Determine your normal system partition - (the switch is a lowercase "L")

sudo fdisk -l

If you aren't sure, run

df -Th

Look for the correct disk size and ext3 or ext4 format.

4) Mount your normal system partition:

Substitute the correct partition: sda1, sdb5, etc.

sudo mount /dev/sdXX /mnt

Example: sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

5) Only if you have a separate boot partition:
sdYY is the /boot partition designation (for example sdb3)

 sudo mount /dev/sdYY /mnt/boot

6)
Mount the critical virtual filesystems:

 sudo mount --bind /dev  /mnt/dev
sudo mount --bind /dev/pts  /mnt/dev/pts
sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
sudo mount --bind /sys  /mnt/sys

7)
Chroot into your normal system device:

sudo chroot /mnt

8) If there is no /boot/grub/grub.cfg or it's not correct, create one using

update-grub

9)
Reinstall GRUB 2:

Substitute the correct device - sda, sdb, etc. Do not specify a partition number.

grub-install /dev/sdX

10) Verify the install (use the correct device, for example sda. Do not specify a partition):  sudo grub-install --recheck /dev/sdX

11)
Exit chroot: CTRL-D on keyboard

12)
Unmount virtual filesystems:

sudo umount /mnt/dev/pts
sudo umount /mnt/dev
sudo umount /mnt/proc
sudo umount /mnt/sys

13)
If you mounted a separate /boot partition:

sudo umount /mnt/boot

14)
Unmount the LiveCD's /usr directory:

sudo umount /mnt/usr

15)
Unmount last device:

sudo umount /mnt

16)
Reboot.
sudo reboot "


youtube-dl: ERROR: This video is not available... Which video?

The flag you want is -i for --ignore-errors.


How do I change the default application window background?

The problem you are facing is due to the change to gnome (and gtk) 3 , so there are not yet as many themes available.

For advice on how to manually customize your theme See How do I make a Theme from scratch for Unity?

You can try themes from

Over time more an more people will likely contribute themes to gnome.look

http://gnome-look.org/index.php?xcontentmode=167

Sometimes the themes (from gnome look) work and sometimes they do not (I do not play with them much)


Just downloaded Ubuntu alongside Windows 10 - Audio Issues STILL NO SOLUTION

First sorry if this is not the answer, I can't comment yet.

When you say the speaker are popping when they are initialized, you mean when you see the blue windows 10 logo during startup? Because it's in that moment when windows load all drivers (including audio drivers).

If you are hearing this poping when system start, with the welcome to windows audio, then this can be a problem of slow hard drive. Are you on SSD? Do you have so many programs loaded at start?

Also, can you hear this popping after some minutes of system start? when playiing any kind of audio? Maybe HP driver put on standby-resume state the audio. Have you check for updates on HP?

Even this is not for your problem, doing so can maybe help with it. Just download the .exe that fits with your system, instead of the mentioned on the link.

Try the following.

    Download the IDT Audio installer on the link below and save it to your Downloads folder.

    http://ftp.hp.com/pub/softpaq/sp59501-60000/sp59542.exe

    When done, open windows Control Panel, open Device Manager and open up Sound, Video and Game Controllers.  Right click the IDT device and select Uninstall - you should also get a prompt to remove the current driver, tick the box to allow this and then proceed with the uninstall.

    When complete, shut down the notebook, unplug the AC Adapter and then remove the battery.  Hold  down the Power button for 30 seconds.  Re-insert the battery and plug in the AC Adapter.

    Tap away at the esc key as you start the notebook to launch the Start-up Menu and then select f10 to enter the bios menu.  Press f5 to load the defaults ( this is sometimes f9, but the menu at the bottom will show the correct key ), use the arrow keys to select 'Yes' and hit enter.  Press f10 to save the setting and again use the arrow keys to select 'Yes' and hit enter.

    Let Windows fully load - it will automatically load an audio driver, but just let this complete.  Then open your Downloads folder, right click on the IDT installer and select 'Run as Administrator' to start the installation.  When this has completed, right click the speaker icon in the Taskbar and select Playback Devices.  Left click 'Speakers and Headphones' once to highlight it and then click the Set Default button - check if you now have audio.

    Regards,

EDIT:

I see you are getting this poping everytime audio begins, then it points to a driver problem. You should completely uninstall this audio driver (mark Delete the driver software for this device), remove internet connection, install the .exe driver from HP for your windows 10 version, and if it does not exist try using windows 7 compatibily mode).


aircrack-ng : airmon-ng stop working after updating to 15.04 ( ioctl(SIOCSIWMODE) failed: Device or resource busy )

I finally found a nice trick to have airmon-ng working as it is supposed to; without any need to "check kill" or turn off completely network manager.
By the way It is network manager that is the cause of the problem since the version 0.9.8.10.

1. Open your network manager configuration file as root in order to edit it

sudo gedit /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

2. Add the following lines to prevent network manager from interfering  with airmon-ng

[keyfile]
unmanaged-devices=interface-name:wlan0mon;interface-name:wlan1mon;interface-name:wlan2mon;interface-name:wlan3mon;interface-name:wlan4mon;interface-name:wlan5mon;interface-name:wlan6mon;interface-name:wlan7mon;interface-name:wlan8mon;interface-name:wlan9mon;interface-name:wlan10mon;interface-name:wlan11mon;interface-name:wlan12mon    #  avoid conflicts with airmon-ng

The wlanXmon interfaces are just for monitor mode... So there is no problems if network manager can't manage them : It shouldn't!
  You can add as many interfaces as you want, 12 should be enough unless you are a addicted to buy wireless USB. Use the separator ; between every interfaces.

3. Saves the changes. Effects are immediate: you can now use mode monitor on one interface while you are connected to the Internet through network manager with another interface.

Solution previously published in aircrack-ng forum >
Edit NewtorkManager.conf to prevent conflicts with airmon-ng (no check kill)


As long as no other changes happen in /etc/shadow or /etc/passwd, this should work just fine. If a user is added, deleted or modified and then you restore an old version, there may be trouble. If you can guarantee that nobody will do any operations involving /etc/passwd or /etc/shadow it will be OK.

You can also edit /etc/shadow, copy the encrypted password somewhere safe, do your password change, and then when needed set the password back to what it was. That way you don't need to touch anything else.

# Obtain the old password and save it in a file
echo $(sudo grep $USER /etc/shadow | cut -f 2 -d ':') >/safe/encrypted-pass
# Here, change the password, do whatever you need, then..
sudo usermod -p $(cat /safe/encrypted-pass) $USER

Note that the -p option to usermod "is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes." So it's up to you to decide if this is a risk that concerns you.

I prefer using commands to do this kind of manipulation, but you can accomplish the same thing manually with a simple text editor.


https://lubuntu.me/ is the official one. whois lookup will tell you the answer.
It was registerd by Canonical, Ltd. which is the same company for Ubuntu.
$ whois -H lubuntu.me
Domain Name: LUBUNTU.ME
Registry Domain ID: D108500000015750671-AGRS
Registrar WHOIS Server:
Registrar URL: http://www.markmonitor.com
Updated Date: 2020-03-13T09:04:11Z
Creation Date: 2015-04-14T20:28:56Z
Registry Expiry Date: 2022-04-14T20:28:56Z
Registrar Registration Expiration Date:
Registrar: MarkMonitor Inc.
Registrar IANA ID: 292
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: abusecomplaints@markmonitor.com
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +1.2083895740
Reseller:
Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
Domain Status: clientUpdateProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientUpdateProhibited
Registrant Organization: Canonical, Ltd.
Registrant State/Province: Isle of Man
Registrant Country: GB
Name Server: NS2.CANONICAL.COM
Name Server: NS1.CANONICAL.COM
Name Server: NS3.CANONICAL.COM
DNSSEC: unsigned
URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form: https://www.icann.org/wicf/
>>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2020-12-04T14:49:36Z <<<

For more information on Whois status codes, please visit https://icann.org/epp

$

lubuntu.net
$ whois -H lubuntu.net
   Domain Name: LUBUNTU.NET
   Registry Domain ID: 1535773036_DOMAIN_NET-VRSN
   Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.namecheap.com
   Registrar URL: http://www.namecheap.com
   Updated Date: 2019-11-18T01:37:07Z
   Creation Date: 2009-01-02T12:07:37Z
   Registry Expiry Date: 2022-01-02T12:07:37Z
   Registrar: NameCheap, Inc.
   Registrar IANA ID: 1068
   Registrar Abuse Contact Email: abuse@namecheap.com
   Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +1.6613102107
   Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
   Name Server: ARAGORN.NS.CLOUDFLARE.COM
   Name Server: ELINORE.NS.CLOUDFLARE.COM
   DNSSEC: unsigned
   URL of the ICANN Whois Inaccuracy Complaint Form: https://www.icann.org/wicf/
>>> Last update of whois database: 2020-12-04T14:51:03Z <<<

For more information on Whois status codes, please visit https://icann.org/epp

NOTICE: The expiration date displayed in this record is the date the
registrar's sponsorship of the domain name registration in the registry is
currently set to expire. This date does not necessarily reflect the expiration
date of the domain name registrant's agreement with the sponsoring
registrar.  Users may consult the sponsoring registrar's Whois database to
view the registrar's reported date of expiration for this registration.

Domain name: lubuntu.net
Registry Domain ID: 1535773036_DOMAIN_NET-VRSN
Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.namecheap.com
Registrar URL: http://www.namecheap.com
Updated Date: 2019-11-18T01:37:07.36Z
Creation Date: 2009-01-02T12:07:37.00Z
Registrar Registration Expiration Date: 2022-01-02T12:07:37.00Z
Registrar: NAMECHEAP INC
Registrar IANA ID: 1068
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: abuse@namecheap.com
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +1.6613102107
Reseller: NAMECHEAP INC
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited https://icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited
Registry Registrant ID:
Registrant Name: WhoisGuard Protected
Registrant Organization: WhoisGuard, Inc.
Registrant Street: P.O. Box 0823-03411
Registrant City: Panama
Registrant State/Province: Panama
Registrant Postal Code:
Registrant Country: PA
Registrant Phone: +507.8365503
Registrant Phone Ext:
Registrant Fax: +51.17057182
Registrant Fax Ext:
Registrant Email: ea4b35f33e7945488e4d7442abca9088.protect@whoisguard.com
Registry Admin ID:
Admin Name: WhoisGuard Protected
Admin Organization: WhoisGuard, Inc.
Admin Street: P.O. Box 0823-03411
Admin City: Panama
Admin State/Province: Panama
Admin Postal Code:
Admin Country: PA
Admin Phone: +507.8365503
Admin Phone Ext:
Admin Fax: +51.17057182
Admin Fax Ext:
Admin Email: ea4b35f33e7945488e4d7442abca9088.protect@whoisguard.com
Registry Tech ID:
Tech Name: WhoisGuard Protected
Tech Organization: WhoisGuard, Inc.
Tech Street: P.O. Box 0823-03411
Tech City: Panama
Tech State/Province: Panama
Tech Postal Code:
Tech Country: PA
Tech Phone: +507.8365503
Tech Phone Ext:
Tech Fax: +51.17057182
Tech Fax Ext:
Tech Email: ea4b35f33e7945488e4d7442abca9088.protect@whoisguard.com
Name Server: elinore.ns.cloudflare.com
Name Server: aragorn.ns.cloudflare.com
DNSSEC: unsigned
URL of the ICANN WHOIS Data Problem Reporting System: http://wdprs.internic.net/
>>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2020-12-04T09:51:19.89Z <<<
For more information on Whois status codes, please visit https://icann.org/epp
$


Window List command (wmctrl):

$ wmctrl -lx
0x0540043e  0 google-chrome.Google-chrome  ubunzeus Search for window title? - Ask Ubuntu - Google Chrome
0x050000ec  0 Mail.Thunderbird      ubunzeus Inbox - Mozilla Thunderbird
0x04e1068d  0 gnome-terminal-server.Gnome-terminal  ubunzeus ljames@ubunzeus: ~

Command to switch to specific window (xdotool)

$ xdotool windowactivate 0x0540043e

The above command will switch to the Windows with the ID 0x0540043e, which is specific from the list for this Askubuntu message entry.

They are both in the repository:

$ sudo apt install wmctrl xdotool

The command argument for wmtrl above is:

-l List the windows
-x Include the WM_CLASSS of the window.

The command argument for the xdotool is:

windowactivate Bring to front the window specificed
Window ID The specificed window to be acted upon.


How to solve 'Connection refused' errors in SSH connection?

You must install openssh-server on Linux before this will work.  Get the internal IP address of Ubuntu and use that IP to setup port forwarding on port 22 (SSH) section of your router.  Although if you don't intend to SSH from outside your network, this is not required.

Here's how to install openssh-server:

sudo apt-get install openssh-server openssh-client
[ENTER PASSWORD]


DNS system is failing to resolve domain names occasionally

i did what @jringoot suggested in his comment:
mv /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf_orig
ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
which basically copies the original resolv.conf file and creates another one.

I examined it and it showed it was still using router dns.
so then I opened the file
vim /etc/resolv.conf
and edited the nameserver from the router dns to 1.1.1.1 (CloudFlare DNS)
i.e. fill it with:
nameserver 1.1.1.1

when i do a check using
nslookup google.com
it now shows it is using my specified DNS:
nslookup google.com
Server:        1.1.1.1
Address:   1.1.1.1#53

Non-authoritative answer:
Name:  google.com
Address: 172.217.160.14


How to install ia32-libs on 12.04 LTS (32 Bit)

That package is only needed when running certain 32 Bit applications on a 64 Bit version of Ubuntu. On 32 Bit / i386 architecture everything (applications, libraries etc) is 32 Bit.

Since you are not trying to install that package for the sake of doing so, what software are you trying to install and what guide or how to do you use?


Will the recent Intel graphics update be available for Maverick and when?

Your best bet will be to try the Xorg Edgers PPA.  This is usually very cutting edge material that will get you the latest and greatest graphics drivers.  Breakage may result when using this PPA, so probably not recommended for beginners or critical/production systems.

To add the PPA, run

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

And cross your fingers...


Let me be quick and concise without saying any bad word
The problem was Nvidia, I got a clue from this thread
Reinstalled with some troubles, it complained a mismatched version of gcc (4.6 vs 4.8)..
I tried to push the 4.8 on top, although it looked already so but unsuccessfully…
So I removed completely any trace of 4.6, still problems
Then I removed every gcc, and got the 4.8 back by reinstalling the build-essential, that took care also about some configurations, as I hoped
Rebooted, It worked out


You are missing header files. Their are 2 notable links related to this: launchpad notice and debian bug. You can fix this by removing clang and install the 3.3 version with

sudo apt-get remove clang
sudo apt-get install clang-3.3


If you used that stick to deploy other distrib,
try to clean older install files on the USB stick before applying the ISO (
I personally got problem with old files of previous installation made by Unetbootin).


How to run a console through SSH client and keep it open?

Just use nohup command ending by &. So your node command will be like this :

nohup node server.js &

Note that all output of your node command will be written into nohup.log file.
Also consider using systemd config to keep this script running into a production server.


Ubuntu 19.04 running so slow; crashing with minimal programs running

Though computer is still running far too slow, this certainly did help speed it up somewhat:

gsettings set org.gnome.shell disable-user-extensions true


Try doing it without the battery plugged in. Remove the battery, plug in the power source (this works with most laptops, but I've seen a few that required the battery to be installed) and see if you get the same issue. If you do it's likely one of two things:

Your battery has a special driver that somehow got corrupted in linux
Your battery is failing

Does this occur after you enter your password in, or do you never get to the login screen where you would enter your password?

I see you're using KDE - are you using KDE on an Ubuntu system, or are you using straight up Kubuntu?


How to combine similarly structured directories?

rsync is a perfect tool for this job:

rsync -av folder2/ folder1

The -v option is optional, but it lists files as they're processed. The slash after folder2 is required, otherwise you'll get folder1/folder2/file1.txt instead of folder1/file1.txt.

If you're not sure whether the command does what you want, add the --dry-run option to show what would actually happen.


How do I resize the partition of a Ubuntu-server?

I think you will have to use resize2fs.

You will have to:
1. boot from a livecd,
2. then set the partiotion as ext2,
3. and run something like resize2fs /dev/sda1 8000M.

Here is a more extensive step by step instructions.


gnome-terminal.desktop for key shortcut (ctrl+alt+t)

You would set a new custom keybinding in System Settings > Keyboard > Shortcuts > Custom Shortcuts

For command use gnome-terminal --geometry=205x10+0+1000 after creating the shortcut click in right side to set a binding.

You may want to use a slightly different binding to check out or go ahead & use Ctrl+Alt+T which will unset the current for Launchers >  Launch terminal.


Installation using Wubi froze after a network router reboot

You shouldn't have to reboot your router during Installation process. You have to uninstall wubi and reinstall again.


How to turn off the bell sound in ubuntu server?

In case the sound you mean is not actually a bell (since pure-Terminal installations almost never have something "fancy"), but rather the built-in "PC speaker" (i.e. the annoying beeper), you might want to try the following:

First, unload the pcspkr kernel module (# rmmod pcspkr). If the sound you want gone is indeed gone, you can permanently blacklist it to prevent it from loading on boot:

# echo "blacklist pcspkr" > /etc/modprobe.d/pcspkr.conf


Unallocated space instead of LUKS partition with gparted

Linux doesn't care about partition types. Just give it any type which is not a Windows type; Linux LVM works well, or 0xDA (Non-FS Data). To check whether a device, for example, /dev/sdc3 is a LUKS container:

sudo cryptsetup isLuks /dev/sdc3 && echo LUKS container || echo Not a LUKS container

The best way is to recreate the partition as it was and, if necessary, restore the LUKS header from backup. Backup the first 2 MiB of the partition first.


The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/t-tujikawa/ppa/ubuntu xenial Release' does not have a Release file

This PPA does not support your version of ubuntu. You can see that from visiting the URL http://ppa.launchpad.net/t-tujikawa/ppa/ubuntu/dists/. There is not much you can do except hoping that it will be updated (not likely as this repository seems abandoned for a long time) or find another PPA for your purpose.


Ubuntu 14.04 Remote shutdown teamviewer or php script

You should not do this from a PHP script. Shutting down your PC accessible from the web sounds like a really bad idea.

I myself would make a shell script, and execute it when needed. For example this script would be saved on the desktop:

#!/bin/sh
shutdown -HP 1

And if you run it, this shuts down the computer in one minute.


The easiest option would be to install the default version that available on Ubuntu package list, you can choose either to install Java Dev Kit (JDK) or Java Runtime Environment (JRE):

First, update the package index

sudo apt-get update

To install Java Dev Kit (JDK), run following command:

sudo apt-get install default-jdk

Above command will install JDK, but if you instead want to install JRE

sudo apt-get install default-jre

Source: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-java-with-apt-get-on-ubuntu-16-04


found ls binary using whereis but can't find ll why?

ll is not a binary but an alias of the ls -alF command.

Check the .bashrc file :

$ alias ll
alias ll='ls -alF'


For xrdp, how t copy & paste back to windows host?

For the Copy/paste part,

the easiest way would be to use the latest version of Ubuntu (i.e. 16.10).  This version contains the latest xrdp package version that includes the copy/paste feature.  You can have a look at the following links to obtain more information and to see how the drive redirection would work....

Using Unity with XRDP

Using Mate Desktop with XRDP

IF you have an older version, you could still use the copy/paste and drive redirection by compliling the xrdp packages.  You can try to follow these instructions

For the password part,

sound strange....Have you tried to copy/paste password from a text editor into the xrdp.ini file ? is it the same results ? is the keyboard layout set correctly,...

Hope this help

See ya


How do I reset the onboard keyboard's size to its original size?

Keep the move cross button pressed for some seconds. Some little arrows will appear on the edges of the keyboard. You can also make the arrows appear, tapping with three fingers on it. Move those arrows to resize the keyboard.


Can't install software due to "Authentication service is not available" error

I am logged on as the one and only user and therefore admin person.

Lubuntu doesn't work that way: ALL users are "users". As you have already seen, you sometimes need to use sudo to perform certain actions (this requires password); alternatively, you can become "root" to perform actions without needing to use sudo.

Have a look at the Ubuntu documentation on "root" and sudo (which includes a link for information on adding users) and/or Wikipedia on sudo if this is new to you. To repeat: simply being the first or even only "user" does not mean you avoid having to authenticate to do certain things to your system.


Mysterious error when trying to install ubuntu next to windows

Since all the other linux distros I have tried boot up normally, I downloaded Ubuntu 14 and tried it and it worked.

I have not found a solution for Ubuntu 16 but I have tried Ubuntu 14 and it seems to work without problems on my system.

The error may have been caused by a faulty installation iso image or general hardware incompatibility (the laptop is 8 years old).


How can i change the default name for the screenshots made by gnome-screenshot?

It is not actually possible change it easily, maybe you can help with this bug report.

(for the curious, check the source code. Currently, relevant line is 134)

Update: The bug was fixed upstream on 2015-01-28, replacing colons with dashes, which helps.  But they didn't take the space out unfortunately.


ubuntu 19.04 not able to create url shortcuts by drag/drop

Your observation is right. Drag and drop support to the desktop in Ubuntu 19.04 is limited. the reason is that the Ubuntu developers now have to rely on a very recent Gnome Shell extension to support icons on the desktop.

In version 3.30 of the Gnome desktop, which is used by Ubuntu, developers dropped the support of desktop icons from the file manager, nautilus. To continue support for icons on the desktop, Ubuntu developers shipped an older version of nautilus, 3.28, with their customized Gnome desktop. Switching now to the Gnome Shell extension to support icons on the desktop allows them to ship Ubuntu with an up to date version of the file manager.

Because the Gnome Shell extension is very recent, it still lacks features. We just will need to be patient until the extension better supports drag and drop.


about:logins page has option to exports personal logins. Logins & passwords are saved as plain text, so make sure to deal with them attentively.
Starting with Firefox v80 (Nightly) you may import saved logins.


Steps for creating a slightly modified package and uploading it in a PPA?

So, are there some simple steps to take for this task?

It is only "simple" if you start with a package that exists in the Ubuntu or Debian repositories. Here's an outline:

Use apt-get source to download the sources/diffs for the package and apply them.
Go in inside the directory, apply your patches/make your changes.
Use dch to update the Changelog with what you modded and "name" your custom version (usually a `ppa1~series1 type designation).
Run debuild -S -sd or debuild -S -sa, depending on whether your original package sources exist in the target series repository or not.
gpg-sign the package when prompted (the key'll need to be registered on Launchpad).
Use dput to upload the xxxxxx.changes file to Launchpad, which will also include the diffs and maybe the source depending on what debuild switches you built
Relax and keep checking your PPA for the build status/updates.

If you are backporting or using bleeding-edge Debian Sid sources, etc., it's a good idea to set up a chroot and between step 3 and 4, run dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc to nip any dependency issues in the bud.


How do I launch Skype Call Recorder in 12.10?

You can install libssl.so.0.9.8 in addition to the default 1.0.0 version:

Then open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and type skype-call-recorder:

I have used it and it is working fine.


You can use the diff command:

#! /bin/bash
for dir in testcases/*
do
    if [[ -d $dir ]]
    then
        cd $dir
        diff testcase.csv testcase64.csv -q > /dev/null || echo "$dir/testcase.csv and $dir/testcase64.csv differ."
        diff testcase.csv testcaseMac.csv -q > /dev/null || echo "$dir/testcase.csv and $dir/testcaseMac.csv differ."
        diff testcaseMac.csv testcase64.csv -q > /dev/null || echo "$dir/testcaseMac.csv and $dir/testcase64.csv differ."
        cd -
    fi
done


Partially locked out after updating to 18.04 LTS

Try resetting your password using passwd. Maybe after a re-initialization of your password, login after 1 minute vs login after a couple of days are synchronized again.

I am not sure on what might be the root of this issue, though.


Change text field editing in GNOME 3 to use Control and Meta keys like Emacs or bash

Found these in some forum posts; does either work for you?

gconftool-2 --set /desktop/gnome/interface/gtk_key_theme Emacs --type string

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-key-theme Emacs


FT232 - no ttyUSB* device will be created after plugin

The problem in my case is that the fdti_sio module is blacklisted in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf.
To resolve the problem remove/comment the line blacklist ftdi_sio in the blacklist.conf file to load this module while booting or load the module with:
sudo modprobe ftdi_sio
sudo modprobe usbserial


Connecting to amazon lightsail ubuntu server using different ssh port

You need to turn on the port of the lightsail manage console.

Use Custom not SSH
Then change the ssh port to 2200


If issue appears only on specific video files, then the file is corrupted fixing it might not be possible and or you would have to buy software which fixes corrupted video files, you can confirm corruption by trying to watch video which had issues using different media player, if the issue appears again on different media player, then the file is corrupted.

Also if you pirated the videos, make sure that their downloads are completed, videos which are still being downloaded to the hard drive can be played only partially untill download is at least 90% complete.


Your problem seems to be network connection issue.
And please note that Ubuntu 17.10 will EOL soon, consider to upgrade it to 18.04 LTS.

On my 18.04 LTS system I get the following:

mate@bionic:~$ snap install  --classic anbox-installer
anbox-installer 1 from 'morphis' installed
mate@bionic:~$ anbox-installer
The anbox-installer is deprecated. Please find updated installation
instructions here https://github.com/anbox/anbox/blob/master/docs/install.md

For any further questions please ask on the #anbox IRC channel on the
FreeNode network or in the Anbox telegram group (https://t.me/anbox).

Visiting https://github.com/anbox/anbox/blob/master/docs/install.md gives us new installation instruction:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:morphis/anbox-support
sudo apt update
sudo apt install anbox-modules-dkms

sudo modprobe ashmem_linux
sudo modprobe binder_linux

snap install --devmode --beta anbox

Then consult official documentation about software installation or simply run anbox.appmgr.


Recovery of deleted data in resetting Ubuntu?

If you are sure, the files were deleted, you can try to recover them: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DataRecovery

I would recommend scalpel or foremost.

IMPORTANT: don't install new software or don't download new files before restoring your data.


Automatically answering an interactive prompt with "yes"

Try with the DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive environment variable set to skip all interactive dialog boxes with the default response:

sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt -y upgrade

See also Automatically answer 'Yes' when using apt-get install on Super User.


No luck on installing .bin file (For Dell 32-bit Diagnostics)

There is a link on the Dell website to the file you mentioned here. If you follow this link and scroll down to the Categories list, you will find a category called "Installation Instructions" with a green arrow next to it. Click the arrow to display the installation instructions for this file. The installation instructions include information about how to run a Diagnostic Media Creation script in Linux.

You should also take note that some of the installation instructions in this section apply only to computers that run Windows.


Ubuntu doesn't reconnect to WiFi unless I reboot

Please provide the output of the following commands

lsmod
cat /etc/modules
cat /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

If you have b43 module running try blacklisting it and use the module wl or brcmsmac

vim /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

add the following line to this file

blacklist b43

save the file

vim /etc/modules

add the following line to this file to load wl at boot time

wl

restart your pc

if it doesn't work

try reinstalling drivers using jockey


The packaging claimed that this adapter is Mac OS and Linux compatible but only windows compatible drivers are included in the support CD and the device support page , as i checked here :

  http://www.asus.com/Networking/USBAC53/

But as i think the chipset is in Broadcom wirelesses list, so just plug in your device to your computer and follow this instruction :

  Installing Broadcom Wireless Drivers


Why does my mouse's scroll wheel stop working after resuming from suspend in Xubuntu 18.04?

I know that i'm little bit late. I've came across same issue recently, when i installed a new Microsoft wireless mouse.

Initially I've fixed it by re-plugging the dongle usb reciever, but it was really annoying :( .

So i tried something different(which saves my time)

I've reloaded the usbhid kernel module

#!/bin/bash

#This is the fix for mircosoft mouse scrolling issue after wake from a suspension
if [[ $1 == post ]]; then
    modprobe -r usbhid
    modprobe usbhid
fi

Place the above script in following directory

  /lib/systemd/system-sleep/

This will do the trick!!


How to make Transmission download torrents behind a proxy?

Transmission uses the proxy configured using the Network Proxy tool located under the Preferences menu.

The names can be different in your PC as I am using Ubuntu in Spanish, but the procedure is the same.


After doing usermod, make sure that group membership change takes effect.

For that, you can run:

$ exec su -l $USER

Alternatively, you can log out and log back in.


Setting up a PPPoE internet connection in Ubuntu 12.04

It's quite simple.
Just click on the NETWORK icon on top right.
Click EDIT ......
and in that, go to DSL tab.
and click for NEW.
You will bhave 4 or more tabs.
go through each of them. and only fill the information which you know.
and in the mac address field select your own mac address.
Good Luck,.


Bootable USB Drive Not Appearing During Installation

Try using a separate physical drive, like a USB flash drive, as the bootable medium for installing Ubuntu. A small 4 or 8GB pendrive is sufficient.
Boot from this drive and install to your External hard drive.

This problem might be because you are using the same external drive for both.


I was able to fix the issue by generating an xorg.conf file through the NVIDIA settings application, then making the following entry in the Device section:

Option "IgnoreEDIDChecksum" "DFP-4"

Where DFP-4 is the name of the monitor.


Dependency is not satisfiable: libfontconfig1 (>= 2.9.0)

I installed 12.04.5 into a VM. It came installed with libfontconfig1 v.2.8.0-3ubuntu9.1.

I tried to used synaptic to search font libfontconfig1, rt-mouse click and Mark for upgrade for it. It said that fontconfig-config also needs to be upgraded. The list also shows fontconfig itself to be upgradable. It however offered to upgrade them to only 2.8.0-3ubuntu9.2.

I tried downloading the current google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb. dpkg -i for it reported:

dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of google-chrome-stable:
 google-chrome-stable depends on libfontconfig1 (>= 2.9.0); however:
  Version of libfontconfig1 on system is 2.8.0-3ubuntu9.1.
 google-chrome-stable depends on libstdc++6 (>= 4.8.0); however:
  Version of libstdc++6 on system is 4.6.3-1ubuntu5.
 google-chrome-stable depends on lsb-base (>= 4.1); however:
  Version of lsb-base on system is 4.0-0ubuntu20.3.

trusty has 2.11.0-0ubuntu4.2:

http://packages.ubuntu.com/trusty/libfontconfig1

It has multiple dependencies however:

libc6 (>= 2.14) [amd64]
libc6 (>= 2.7) [armhf, i386, powerpc]
libexpat1 (>= 2.0.1)
libfreetype6 (>= 2.2.1)

If chromium is enough, 12.04.5 supports 37.0.2062.120-0ubuntu0.12.04.4

It also supports firefox 31.0+build1-0ubuntu0.12.04.1

If those are not ok, I would suggest upgrading to trusty.


Why is system load average around 9 on login?

Have you checked dmesg output too? When system load average does not match the number of running processes (7 vs 2 in your example), that would indicate that something is waiting on disk I/O. Usually this is network related for network filesystems.


Play subtitle on online streaming movies

The answer to your question is actually VLC, it indeed shows subtitles on streaming videos.

Just add the streaming video address by going to Media > Open Network Stream and then follow these steps:

Click Play to start reproducing the video
Right click in the video and select Subtitle > Open File...
Browse the file system to the appropriate .sub file and click Open

Subtitles should then appear.

EDIT:

VLC will play the stream if it has access to the real URL of the video, which is not so obvious on all websites.
To get the proper URL stream, take a look at the answers under this question. To just start a video in an external player like VLC (using a Firefox addon that finds the proper URL), take a look at this answer here.

VLC will even download the subtitles for you - look at this answer.


Obviously, you have run a GUI program with sudo. This is one of the reasons why running a GUI program as root is discouraged.

To fix it (don't run this until you understand it):

sudo find $HOME -user root -exec chown $(id -u):$(id -g) {} +

This will find files and directories in $HOME that are owned by root, and change them to your $UID and $GID.

man find; man id; man  chown ; man sudo should get you started.


ZFS mirror with two partitions on the same disk, safe?

This is certainly possible although not very efficient as the disk head will seek between both disk areas for all writes.

ZFS allows to work with whole disks, primary and logical partitions and files.

Note that ZFS also support multiple data copies to help overcoming bit rot:

zfs set copies=2 dataset


Why was aptitude removed in favor of apt-get?

This has been covered in Bug #592336 on LaunchPad. However, in summary it was decided during the UDS-M (Ubuntu Developer Summit) that 2 additional MB could be gained on the limited LiveCD image if Tasksel and Aptitude were removed.

  The initial reason why aptitude was included in ubuntu was that the desktop installer (ubiquity) depended on it, but now the desktop installer has been rewritten to not require it unless in particular cases, and hence it goes.

Since the installer no longer requires aptitude, having it installed dynamically when needed, rather than including it in the base image, won as the better course of action.

  We could substantially reduce the size of the minimal seed by installing tasksel and aptitude dynamically, so that we don't end up with them on live-installed systems.

Both the spec and Ubuntu Wiki page for the Maverick Spring Cleaning state that removing this from base has a great benefit for the inital seed and base size.


Why is chromium-browser still at version 53 for Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty Tahr?

From the staging PPA for Chromium, it seems the builds are failing for some reason. The packagers maybe aware of it, a bug has been filed. You can mark it as affecting you.


shell file to open multiple terminal tabs, change locations, run commands

If you don't need to actively monitor all 3 tabs, you can feed them into log files and open them when you need an update on activity. This is about how I would kick it off:

#!/bin/bash

cd ~/redis-stable; src/redis-server &> path/to/redis.log &
cd ~/phoenix/PhoenixServices; npm start &> path/to/phoenix.log &
cd ~/phoenix/RenderService; npm start &> path/to/render.log

You can see the answer to this stackoverflow question for more information on running parallel processes.

You can also use monitoring services to splash the terminal if certain events occur during the processes with until or watch sequences. See the answers to this superuser question for more ideas.


Octave does not install: make: *** No targets specified and no makefile found. Stop

We wonder why you are trying to install a circa-2012 version of octave when much newer versions are available. In fact, a 16.10 compatible version exists in the Ubuntu repositories. Please try:

sudo apt-get install octave


How do I open folders containing a blank in a quicklist?

Change it to nautilus "Hentede filer"

For future reference: you can test these by issueing the command in a terminal like so:

.

It will open it if it the command is correct or give an error message if it is not. Since I do not have a "Hentede filer" I get this message:

But as you can see it errors out on not finding it but it does show it tries to open it  the way you want it to.


What's the best way to install the GD graphics library for Nagios?

If you look at the quickstart guide on nagios' website, you'll notice that the guide for Ubuntu 7.10 and later asks you to install libgd2-xpm-dev with this command:

sudo apt-get install libgd2-xpm-dev

That should do it for ya!  Of course you could always follow the Ubuntu Server guide and install the nagios packages instead of building it yourself.


nl80211 not found message when using iw commands

It is a virtual machine with a virtual ethernet device. The virtual device is not WiFi. It is presented as a Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82540EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller.

That means that WiFi tools running inside the virtual machine will not work.


How to make an Ubuntu Server system accessible over the Internet?

If your computer is behind NAT ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAT ) you need first to redirect ports to your computer in router and then use IP address to connect. But if it is not behind NAT you need just to know IP address for connect to computer.

You can also use a service like: no-ip: http://www.no-ip.com/


Ubuntu 18.04 no longer uses a swap partition but a file named swapfile on main partition. I guess it must be encrypted too. I found some information at: https://bogdancornianu.com/change-swap-size-in-ubuntu/


I managed to solve the problem of repeated command logging triggered by the ENTER key by replacing the "history 1" invocation by "history -a >(tee -a $HISTFILE)". Subsequently, after the last command has been found and logged, "history -c; history -r" is run to remove all entries from the Bash's in-memory command list and regenerate the list from whatever has been saved in the history file. This is necessary to get only a single command the next time "history -a" is executed. Here is the solution:

session_log_command() {
    local status=$?
    local command
    local cwd

    cwd=$PWD

    command=$(history -a >(tee -a $HISTFILE))

    if [[ -n "$command" ]]; then
        logger -p local3.notice "shell user [$$]: Executing command [CWD=$cwd ; $status]: $command"
        history -c; history -r
    fi
}

export PROMPT_COMMAND=session_log_command


Monitor position on login in Lubuntu 16.04

Found solution.
On login screen I've changed window manager to openbox and logged in.
Next I've opened terminal and typed "sudo nvidia-settings", changed monitor positions and saved settings. Now login screen has desired monitor configuration.


Why is my keyboard gets suddenly locked?

This sounds like the graphics server X freezing up rather than anything to do with the keyboard if Ctrl+Alt+F1 still takes you to a terminal. It looks like that laptop has the Intel GM965 card in it so the problem is in that area.


"safely remove" option for external devices removed from ubuntu 14.04?

For flash drives, "eject" and "safely remove" have always been synonymous.

The "eject" and "safely remove" options only have a different effect on drives with a mechanical ejection mechanism like CD or DVD drives connected via USB.

The reason why both options appeared on previous version was a technical limitation.  If I understand correctly, it's that the majority of USB flash drives "pretend" to have an eject mechanism even when they don't, and it doesn't do anything.

Ubuntu has now simplified the two options down to one, at least for USB flash drives.  It looks as if they've found a way around the issues mentioned in this bug.


Ubuntu 18.04 Nvidia Gamma adjustment not sticking

According to the man pages for nvidia-settings forgetting custom setting is a feature assuming that more than one person uses the computer. Section 3 of the user guide gives details about loading settings automatically using nvidia-settings --load-config-only when initializing the X server. Run nvidia-settings by itself to get the GUI version, set up the brightness, contrast and brightness as you like then save the configuration. It will be in your home directory as .nvidia-settings-rc. You can then modify or create the .xinitrc file to run nvidia-settings --load-config-only to load your custom settings automatically according to the man pages.


Maybe some update broke network settings.
Check connectivity with a ping.
If ping fails and you are sure that any firewall isn't blocking ping's protocol (ICMP), then check your virtual network configuration.
Please dont use localhost as destination address. Use vm ip instead.


Is there an upgrade procedure from 12.04 LTS to 14.04 LTS

LTS-to-LTS upgrades are always delayed until the first dotrelease (service pack) is ready. The larger differences between the two LTS versions means they need more time to get it right.

In your case, you'll be presented with an option to upgrade when Ubuntu 14.04.1 is released, which is scheduled for July 24th 2014.


I am posting this as an answer because Ask Ubuntu won't let me post it as a comment.

I have been able to connect my Pixel 2 to Ubuntu 16.04 by installing jmtpfs, as suggested in https://askubuntu.com/a/854936/297597. Once I enable MTP in the developer settings, plugging in the phone opens up a new Nautilus window with the phone contents. I used a USB 1.0 port. The frustrating part was that the connection was very unstable and kept resetting, but I think it could be due to my old USB port.


How can I get media keys working on my keyboard?

Try the following; consider them as different tests.

Run showkey (will perhaps require root privileges). This application will tell you if your key is being read or ignored by the system.
Install and run dconf-editor. Go to org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys and set next to XF86AudioNext and prev to XF86AudioPrev.


No desktop icons after uninstalling nemo

You can try with launching dconf-editor then go to:

org -> gnome -> desktop -> background

and put the tick on show-desktop-icons as explained in the image below:


i have installed ubuntu 12.04 form usb and fix bootloder with boot repair now how to view that drive on windows?

Ext2Read "is an explorer like utility to explore ext2/ext3/ext4 files. It now supports LVM2 and EXT4 extents. It can be used to view and copy files and folders. It can recursively copy entire folders. It can also be used to view and copy disk and file."


Annoying KDE Wallet Service popup: The application 'kded5' has requested to open the wallet 'kdewallet'

It looks like this is coming from the keyring package which is used by pip. Their site lists several ways to disable it. In my opinion the easiest way seems to python -m keyring --disable
This way you don't have to stop using kdewallet, but you stop getting those popups from pip.


Wireless connection issue in Kernel 3.16

Since the bcmwl driver needs a patch to work with kernel 3.16 you need to get the Utopic version, just click the link for what Ubuntu version you have and then choose a mirror site to download from.  Then double click on the downloaded file
64 bit version
32 bit version


How to hide the files in a server with 2 sudo users

I have some private files that I do not want to share with the other sudo user. Is there any way to do that?

There is only 1 way: do not store those files on that system.

If it is your server and you do not trust that other user remove his sudo access. Otherwise private data should not be stored on that machine. In case you are in the European Union: The new privacy law does not allow you to store private data on a machine you do not own without notifying, and getting written consent from, the owner of that machine.

a sudo user with no restrictions can do and undo whatever you can undo and do.
Encryption of the files or a directory with the files will only give you a false sense of security.
The same goes for accessing it from a remote system where you need a password (like an USB drive with encryption or a password to mount, gdrive, or a ssh connection).

It is pretty easy to activate a watchdog that copies files to another location. And you yourself will never notice it happening. And it is even easier to install a key logger to catch any password you type.


Apple Magic Mouse 2 scrolling not working

Since Apple's stuffs is weird, give a try to a newer (or better, the latest) version of Ubuntu (the 17.10).

This lets you to use the latest kernel, which it has a more complete hardware support.


No option to boot windows after installing ubuntu

try the below command :-

sudo os-prober

sudo update-grub

reboot

Hope this helps!


How to manually set up individual NVIDIA driver modul to boot, instead of the systems choosen one (NVidia GeForce 7200GS)

The easiest way to solve your problem with nvidia-304 driver is to install all LXDE packages using Synaptic, and also to install LXDM, and choose lxdm as default display manager. It will completely change your desktop but at least it will work, and you'll also get the benefit of using fewer resources than before, as the boot-up process and the OS itself are faster and lighter in a lxde environment.

When I say install all LXDE packages, I mean you actually install all that is needed, don't just let Synaptic choose the dependencies for you, you go and install all related packages to LXDE including the actual LXDE package :) , or else it won't work. Installing LXDM (display manager for lxde) immediately after that is also essential to make it work, and don't forget to choose the LXDE session after first reboot.


You could install the Netwide Assembler, NASM:

sudo apt-get install nasm

NASM provides the -t option which enables the TASM Compatibility Mode:

  NASM includes a limited form of compatibility with Borland's TASM.
  When NASM's -t option is used, the following changes are made:

  local labels may be prefixed with @@ instead of .
  size override is supported within brackets. In TASM compatible mode, a size override inside square brackets changes the size of the
  operand, and not the address type of the operand as it does in NASM
  syntax. E.g. mov eax,[DWORD val] is valid syntax in TASM compatibility
  mode. Note that you lose the ability to override the default address
  type for the instruction.
  unprefixed forms of some directives supported (arg, elif, else, endif, if, ifdef, ifdifi, ifndef, include, local)

Alternatively, you could also run the windows version with DOSBox.

Source:

NASM Manual - section-2.1.23


LightDM: What's the difference between a seat and a session?

The concepts are a part of systemd.

There are definitions and explenations of the terms session and seats in this link:

https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/multiseat/

This page also include a link to a page describing implication for display managers as LightDM.


Boot issue's with 14.04 LTS and kernel 4.2.6 & 4.3 and also 15.10

After trying many things, I finally made it work, so this can be closed.

Recap:
Kernel 3.19
Wifi firmware iwlwifi-7265-12.ucode
- Boots perfectly, but no wifi card detected

Kernel 4.2.0
Wifi firmware iwlwifi-7265-13.ucode
- 90% of the boots it hangs, but wifi works

Kernel 4.2.6
Wifi firmware iwlwifi-7265-13.ucode
And also
Wifi firmware iwlwifi-7265-14.ucode
- 95% of the boots it hangs, but wifi works

Kernel 4.3
Wifi firmware iwlwifi-7265-13.ucode
And also
Wifi firmware iwlwifi-7265-14.ucode
- 95% of the boots it hangs, but wifi works

Solution
I removed all 4.* kernels, deleted all wifi firmware files for those 4.* kernels, and booted back into kernel 3.19 and keeping the original firmware installed: iwlwifi-7265-12.ucode
Many hours of google later I found the suggestion to rename the firmware, which I tried as well:
cd /lib/firmware
sudo cp iwlwifi-7265D-12.ucode  iwlwifi-3165-9.ucode
sudo cp iwlwifi-7265-12.ucode  iwlwifi-3165-12.ucode

After reboot, it works !
Who knew, a simple thing like renaming the firmware file...
Case can be closed.

PS, it does not solve the fact that kernel 4.2.x and 4.3 are not compatible with a Notebook HP Pavilion 15-ab118nc


Dell XPS 13 2-in-1 plus Active Pen PN579X

Hard to tell what has happened as it suddenly stopped working. Posting error logs, hardware configuration and such is always a good idea in order to get help. In any case, most do not get the PN579X working out of the box on 20.04. Upgrading to 20.10 seems to do the trick for some, see also this post.


Maximum space required for ubuntu repository

From your 1st link:

  Be mindful that, you need at least 50GB or more free space in your local or external hard drive.

From your 2nd link:

  For a complete mirror cache your server needs at least 120G free space reserved for local repositories.

So you can expect at least 120Gb for a complete mirror.

But... even without a number I would just get a 1Tb disk or even 2Tb. Those are cheap even if needed in a server.


From line 3 >>>

XAMPP:  Another web server is already running.

I Think. This mean the apache is already running.

PS. Sorry for my ugly english.


Disable trackpad two fingers + double tap with third finger bringing up Alt-Tab menu

Apparently I was triggering 3 finger tap.

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Multitouch#Supported_Gestures

The solution as posted by rupert here was to run:

synclient ClickFinger3=0
synclient TapButton3=0

  If this does the trick (or a variance of 0 , 1 , 2, 3 , ) you can
  add it to startup.

Specifically for me (Macbook Air 3,1 or 3,2), the following worked:

synclient ClickFinger3=0
synclient TapButton3=1


Triple booting Ubuntu mate, Windows 10, and CloudReady (chromium os)

Win 10 and Ubuntu can be done, but windows might give problems for booting Ubuntu after window update/upgrade.  A fast google search turns up cloudready might be iffy to dual/triple boot.  You will need to do more research to see if you want to do this.


Cannot get thumbnails for images on nautilus but can for video

So, I had tried the usual of stopping nautilus from previewing, removing the thumbnails directory, etc. I even tried writing my own custom thumbnail creator using ImageMagick. Whatever the reason, neither worked. In the end, I was able to figure out that I needed gdk-pixbuf-thumbnailer, and installed it and repeating the process of deleting directories, killall nautilus, and opening Nautilus again, it worked!


Unity notifications of software updates when there are none

It is a common scenario. To make things easier for newbies Ubuntu by default considers that all operations are done in Graphical User Interface and not Command Line Interface. However if someone still uses terminal to manually update then the notification comes without any real update present. Just click OK to update and you will most probably see that the pop up menu straightaway says that your computer is up to date instead of showing the update progress bar.


Not working Drag&Drop file from File Roller to Nautilus

I uninstalled and reinstalled file-roller, and now it works well.

It failed under ubuntu 17.10 on both wayland and xorg, and on 18.04, so the problem wasn't related to Wayland.


By the looks of it you have successfully created a new partition table.
The errors point to the aftermath jobs of closing the device. Since you have deleted previous partitions it cannot remove partition  1,2,3,4 because they don't exist anymore. And likewise cannot load the new table as removal of old ones failed. You should just reboot and start formatting it.


I know this question is some days old, but in case someone comes across, I can drop a suggestion on how to solve this:
It indeed takes some computer vision or image processing tasks, but I would do it like this:

At first you could apply some morphological operations (like opening or closing) in order to reduce the spurious black pixels in the background. You have to play around with different combinations of such operations to get what you want.
Then you could compute connected components (= connected regions of pixels belonging together), which basically gives you labels for all pixel regions.
Then you can filter those connected components for the 2 biggest ones (= the ones with the most pixels in it), which will give you the two hand regions only.
Now you can decide - maybe using the x/y-coordinates of the center of each region - which region you want to mask out, e.g. by filling it with the gray-value from the background pixels.

I hope this helps and gives some clues on how to do it.


Is it possible to disable/enable all shortcuts in Ubuntu 20.04?

Short answer to the question as in the title: yes. However, it is not possible with a single toggle.
System wide keyboard combinations are scattered over a range of keys in the dconf settings. You can see all these settings in dconf-editor. Quite a lot, but not all, system wide keyboard bindings are under /org/gnome/desktop/wm/ and some are under /org/gnome/mutter/.
control + alt + shift + down, for example, is used system wide to move a window to another workspace. That is defined as org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings move-to-workspace-down ['<Super><Shift>Page_Down', '<Control><Shift><Alt>Down']


Cannot find the "main class" installing my own snap

You may need to specify the path to the jar file when launching it. Something like this:-

    command: java -cp $SNAP/basic-project-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar es.ramadorp.odm.snapcraft.test.daemon.Daemontest


Use the Alignment Tool (shortcut key q):

Select the text,
Then choose the element which will be used for positioning (e.g., Image),
Click on the horizontal and vertical center align buttons (second column in the first set of buttons):


Ubuntu 14.0.4 - Mistake while installing

From your Mac computer, download the image for Ubuntu 14.04 to your hard drive. Once it's finished downloading, you can write it to a memory stick:

Open the terminal
Change directory to where you downloaded the file, e.g. cd Downloads.
Convert the ISO to an IMG by running:

hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o ubuntu-14.04.2-desktop-amd64.img ubuntu-14.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso
Run diskutil list.
Plug in your memory stick.
Run diskutil list to see which device was added (this is your memory stick).
Run diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN replacing N with the number assigned to your disk.
Run sudo dd if=ubuntu-14.04.2-desktop-amd64.img of=/dev/rdiskN bs=8m to write the IMG to your memory stick, again, replacing N.
Run diskutil eject /dev/diskN to eject the disk, replacing N bla bla.

Now, you can plug the memory stick into your other computer and boot from it. It will work on a standard computer despite being written from a Mac.

From: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-mac-osx


That is the standard Ubuntu partition Layout, there is no hidden restore partition like you can get with Windows systems.
You are safe to repartition after backing your data up.

You can easily create root, home and swap partitions from the Ubuntu installer, just selected the advanced options, official help:

https://help.ubuntu.com/12.04/installation-guide/amd64/module-details.html#di-partition


What does it mean to "filter down" and what are its benefits?

Bugfixes in the pre-release version of Ubuntu (currently 18.10) are generally included in the release. That's a normal part of the cycle of creating a release that we like to call "testing".

Not all bugfixes get backported to older releases of Ubuntu (currently 18.04 and older). Those bugfixes must go through one of three processes to ensure quality. One of these processes is what "trickle down" refers to, since any of the three can take rather some time:

Security Updates
Stable Release Update (SRU)
Backport


Unisntalling Ubuntu from dual-boot windows 10

As others have mentioned, EasyBCD could solve the problem. You'll need to overwrite the MBR using the program, assuming you can still boot into Windows from GRUB.

Failing that, you can create a bootable USB drive/DVD using the Media Creation Tool included in the Windows 10 installation. You'll need to start up through your newly-created recovery drive, and from there you'll need to click "Repair your computer".

You can initiate the automatic startup repair (which I recommend), or open up a command prompt and use the "bootrec" utility to rewrite the MBR. The command is as follows:

$ bootrec /fixmbr

Please let us know if you're still having trouble after exhausting the above options.


Nvidia/Intel hybrid graphics with cinnamon and mdm

First of all, I am not sure if I will help you with this, but I am currently unable to comment on your question.

I am assuming that you have followed this sequence:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic
sudo apt-get install bumblebee primus primus-libs-ia32

than nvidia driver:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-xxx

or

sudo apt-get install bumblebee-nvidia

in the end, reinstall bbswitch-dkms:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall bbswitch-dkms

Edit configuration files, reboot.

If not:

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia-xxx
sudo apt-get remove --purge bumblebee

If you have bumblebee-nvidia, replace it in code. Now reinstall everything starting from the top.

I can report that nvidia-346 won't work, you will just get a black screen after reboot, and will have to purge nvidia and x-server and reinstall x-server to get system back to normal.

I think that there is no way of safely installing nvidia driver conventionally (from nvidia-XXX.run) on Optimus systems, I have tried that few times and failed.

How exactly did you edit bumblebee, bumblebee.conf, xorg.conf.nvidia?

I've been getting that error when I happened not to have right driver name specified in bumblebee.conf.

I will give you my bumblebee.conf under the text. Have in mind that I am using default driver (bumblebee-nvidia). We are using the same OS.

However, I think the problem will latter arise in BusID line in xorg.conf.nvidia.
As you can see, BusID of your nvidia card is 03:00.0, and yet, default BusID in nvidia.conf file is 01:00:0. Currently, line is like this:

#   BusID "PCI:01:00:0"

You need to remove hashtag and change the value, so that it would be like this:

    BusID "PCI:03:00:0"

Try out my bumblebee.conf, edit BusID in xorg.nvidia.conf, and see what happens. I hope this will be of any help.

Waiting for respond.

# Configuration file for Bumblebee. Values should **not** be put between quotes

## Server options. Any change made in this section will need a server restart
# to take effect.
[bumblebeed]
# The secondary Xorg server DISPLAY number
VirtualDisplay=:8
# Should the unused Xorg server be kept running? Set this to true if waiting
# for X to be ready is too long and don't need power management at all.
KeepUnusedXServer=false
# The name of the Bumbleblee server group name (GID name)
ServerGroup=bumblebee
# Card power state at exit. Set to false if the card shoud be ON when Bumblebee
# server exits.
TurnCardOffAtExit=false
# The default behavior of '-f' option on optirun. If set to "true", '-f' will
# be ignored.
NoEcoModeOverride=false
# The Driver used by Bumblebee server. If this value is not set (or empty),
# auto-detection is performed. The available drivers are nvidia and nouveau
# (See also the driver-specific sections below)
Driver=nvidia
# Directory with a dummy config file to pass as a -configdir to secondary X
XorgConfDir=/etc/bumblebee/xorg.conf.d

## Client options. Will take effect on the next optirun executed.
[optirun]
# Acceleration/ rendering bridge, possible values are auto, virtualgl and
# primus.
Bridge=virtualgl
# The method used for VirtualGL to transport frames between X servers.
# Possible values are proxy, jpeg, rgb, xv and yuv.
VGLTransport=proxy
# List of paths which are searched for the primus libGL.so.1 when using
# the primus bridge
PrimusLibraryPath=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/primus:/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/primus
# Should the program run under optirun even if Bumblebee server or nvidia card
# is not available?
AllowFallbackToIGC=false

# Driver-specific settings are grouped under [driver-NAME]. The sections are
# parsed if the Driver setting in [bumblebeed] is set to NAME (or if auto-
# detection resolves to NAME).
# PMMethod: method to use for saving power by disabling the nvidia card, valid
# values are: auto - automatically detect which PM method to use
#         bbswitch - new in BB 3, recommended if available
#       switcheroo - vga_switcheroo method, use at your own risk
#             none - disable PM completely
# https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/Bumblebee/wiki/Comparison-of-PM-methods

## Section with nvidia driver specific options, only parsed if Driver=nvidia
[driver-nvidia]
# Module name to load, defaults to Driver if empty or unset
KernelDriver=nvidia-current
PMMethod=bbswitch
# colon-separated path to the nvidia libraries
LibraryPath=/usr/lib/nvidia-current:/usr/lib32/nvidia-current
# comma-separated path of the directory containing nvidia_drv.so and the
# default Xorg modules path
XorgModulePath=/usr/lib/nvidia-current/xorg,/usr/lib/xorg/modules
XorgConfFile=/etc/bumblebee/xorg.conf.nvidia

## Section with nouveau driver specific options, only parsed if Driver=nouveau
[driver-nouveau]
KernelDriver=nouveau
PMMethod=bbswitch
XorgConfFile=/etc/bumblebee/xorg.conf.nouveau


No left click on a Cyborg Rat 7 USB mouse

You have the wrong syntax. It should be:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:raof/aubergine

apt-get install is for installing

Add a repo with add-apt-repository.


Use

sudo pip install dlib

And make sure you have cmake installled in your ubuntu and configured


Switching between workspaces from workspace switcher window

Arrow keys and Alt-Tab work when you are in workspace switcher mode.

So, hit Super-S to open the workspace switcher, then use arrow keys to navigate to the workspace you want, Alt-Tab until the application you want is at the front, and then hit Enter to maximize that workspace.


It may depend on the version one is using.
For Ubuntu 20.04, this is how to set keyboard shortcuts:

To change the key or keys to be pressed for a keyboard shortcut:

Open the Activities overview and start typing Settings.

Click on Settings.

Click Keyboard Shortcuts in the sidebar to open the panel.

Click the row for the desired action. The Set shortcut window will be shown.

Hold down the desired key combination, or press Backspace to reset, or press Esc to cancel.

Source: https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/ubuntu-help/keyboard-shortcuts-set.html.en


How can I Combine or paste text in a linux command in terminal?

The order isn't determined by ls, it depends on the lexical sort order LC_COLLATE applied to the shell * glob for your locale.
That said, I would avoid ls altogether and do something like
printf "file '%s'\n" $PWD/* > videofiles.txt

(you could change * to *.MP4 if you want to match .MP4 files only).

If you want the files to be ordered by modification time (aka "mtime") as you would get with ls -t, then that's not possible natively in bash, but is in zsh using glob qualifiers ex.
printf "file '%s'\n" $PWD/*.MP4(om)

to sort by mtime ascending (like ls -t) or
printf "file '%s'\n" $PWD/*.MP4(Om)

to sort by mtime descending (like ls -tr).


Actually I just found that qpdfview is a very good, light-weighted pdfviewer have everything I need.

It support highlight, go backwards, addd anotation, many keyboard short cuts. You can find how to install it here: How to install qpdfview 0.4.14?

Have a try. This is the best pdfviewer I found so far!

Answer to my original question is still very welcomed.


Disable mouse and touchpad with shell script

If you would like to permanently disable an input device, there are a couple of ways to do this via the commandline.
Option 1: Use xinput
From within Terminal, list all of the input devices currently registered with your computer:
xinput list

This should give you something that looks like this:
⎡ Virtual core pointer                      id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Synaptics TM3289-002                      id=13   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ TPPS/2 Elan TrackPoint                    id=14   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                     id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Sleep Button                              id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Integrated IR Camera: Integrate           id=9    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Integrated Camera: Integrated C           id=10   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=11   [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ ThinkPad Extra Buttons                    id=12   [slave  keyboard (3)]

Identify which device(s) you do not want to have active and type this:
xinput set-prop {id} "Device Enabled" 0

Note: Be sure to replace {id} with the proper ID of your device.
If you accidentally entered the wrong value for {id}, or you would like to re-enable the device at a later date, simply run the command again replacing 0 with 1.
Option 2: Use Gnome Settings
From within Terminal, set Gnome's touchpad-enabled value to false:
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.touchpad touchpad-enabled false

This will ensure the touchpad is disabled until the next time you reboot. If you would like to use this method to always disable the touchpad, add this to your Startup Applications:
/bin/bash -c "sleep 15 && gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.touchpad touchpad-enabled false

Option 3: Remove the Synaptics driver
This one is a bit more brute force, and it's also the only option that requires the use of sudo. Open Terminal and remove Synaptics:
sudo apt remove --purge xserver-xorg-input-synaptics

Note that this will also remove the xserver-xorg-input-all package, as you can't have "all" if you're missing stuff, but it will not affect your keyboard or external peripherals.
Hopefully one of these will give you what you need


Why are there files named in binary in my root directory?

The file names were too long to rename, I wound up using:

ls -Ral ./ | grep -a '[^a-zA-Z0-9|[:punct:]| ]' | rm

as the super user. Didn't fix my boot, but at least those files are gone.


What command will refresh the menu of a GNOME Dash application?

Restarting the desktop shell with Alt + F2 then restart will indeed refresh application menus in the dash.

(I had an error in my .desktop file that made it look like nothing was happening.)


Unable to resize partition through Gparted

If you are trying to shrink sda3, which has an exclamation mark beside it, then you need to ensure that Windows was properly shut down first.  You can see more details in GParted by selecting the partition and using the Partition -> Information menu option.

If Windows doesn't boot, then you might need to boot from Windows Install / Recovery media and run chkdsk /f /r on sda3 (or likely C: in Windows).


How do I create a dynamic quicklist for the home folder?

FYI
The API is explained on the Ubuntu Wiki

Dynamic Quicklist entries

Quicklists may also be created and appended to the launcher. To create a quicklist
a root node must first be created as a container, and then child nodes are added
to it. This final result may be packed into the launcher which is then
shipped over the bus to Unity. Updates to the quicklist are also live.
Rather than describe the entire API, an example of using quicklist (as well as
progress and count) is provided below using the vala bindings.

It is important to note that the main loop must be invoked for the program to
actual work. Libunity requires the usage of the main loop as work may be done
async.

I have not seen an example of this yet. If I do I will add it here within an hour ;)

Dynamic quicklists did NOT work prior to unity - 3.8.8-0ubuntu1 due to a bug.


How to find the version of the Dash shell on Ubuntu /bin?

There are plenty of ways:

apt-cache policy

Run the following command:

apt-cache policy dash

On my machine the output is:

dash:
Installed: 0.5.7-3ubuntu1
Candidate: 0.5.7-3ubuntu1
Version table:
*** 0.5.7-3ubuntu1 0
    500 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main amd64 Packages
    100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

The version of dash, therefore, installed on my system is 0.5.7.
dpkg -s

Run the following command:

dpkg -s dash

The output on my machine is:

Package: dash
Essential: yes
Status: install ok installed
Priority: required
Section: shells
Installed-Size: 213
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers
Architecture: amd64
Version: 0.5.7-3ubuntu1
Depends: debianutils (>= 2.15), dpkg (>= 1.15.0)
Pre-Depends: libc6 (>= 2.14)
Description: POSIX-compliant shell
The Debian Almquist Shell (dash) is a POSIX-compliant shell derived
from ash.
.
Since it executes scripts faster than bash, and has fewer library
dependencies (making it more robust against software or hardware
failures), it is used as the default system shell on Debian systems.
Homepage: http://gondor.apana.org.au/~herbert/dash/
Original-Maintainer: Gerrit Pape

As you can see, the version is: 0.5.7.

Understanding Versioning Conventions

The versioning in Ubuntu is of the form:

<upstream_version>-<debian_revision>ubuntu<ubuntu_revision>

Here:

<upstream_version>: is the version of the original package

This is the main part of the version number. It is usually the version number of the original ("upstream") package from which the .deb file has been made, if this is applicable.

Usually this will be in the same format as that specified by the upstream author(s); however, it may need to be reformatted to fit into the package management system's format and comparison scheme.
<debian_revision>: is the debian version of the package.

This part of the version number specifies the version of the Debian package based on the upstream version.

If <debian_revision> = 0, then this means that there is no debian package (or that the ubuntu team has forked a debian package to a newer version than the one found in the debian repositories).
ubuntu: just the keyword ubuntu.
<ubuntu_revision>: is the ubuntu version of the package.

If this is missing this mean that it is a clean, unchanged debian package.
If this is present it means that Ubuntu has taken the debian package and released it with some additional patches or bug fixes.

Let's take an example.

2.6.0-1ubuntu1

Here,

Upstream Package Version: 2.6.0
Debian Revision: 1
Ubuntu Revision: 1

2.6.0-0ubuntu1

Here,

Upstream Package Version: 2.6.0
Debian Revision: 0 (which means no revisions)
Ubuntu Revision: 1

Sources and Further Information:

Debian Versioning: http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-controlfields.html#s-f-Version
Ubuntu Package Versioning Explanation: http://www.ducea.com/2006/06/17/ubuntu-package-version-naming-explanation/


How to trigger a script when an external USB disk is mounted?

The following may work:

Run dbus-monitor before you mount the USB and see what events it generates when the USB is mounted.

Then do something like this How do I run a script on a dbus signal?


How can I run a sudo command as sudo (!) without password? (cryptsetup needs to be run as sudo in order to use kernel module 'device-mapper')

Your first syntax for the no-password use of cryptsetup is correct. I use this for an alias I created for suspending the system:

me        ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: /bin/systemctl suspend

I still have to use sudo in my alias: alias quit='sudo systemctl suspend'

I would personally put the exact command that you want, with all of the options, so that your sudo privileges are restricted to just what is necessary.


What DVD authoring software can I use on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS?

I like Bombono DVD.  It works OK click Here
Here are the installation instructions:

Installation In Ubuntu
Bombono DVD is available in Ubuntu 10.04 «Lucid Lynx» and up. Install
it via Ubuntu Software Center. If you need latest version, see below.
To launch Bombono DVD, just open Applications > Sound & Video >
Bombono DVD.
Latest Bombono DVD For Ubuntu
You can install Bombono DVD from the repository.
On your Ubuntu computer, open System > Administration > Synaptic
Package Manager. Then choose from menu Settings > Repositories and
click the Third Party Software tab.
Click the Add button. Copy and paste the following line:
ppa:muravjov-il/ppa

Click the Add Source button and close the dialog. Now you are noticed
that repositories changed, so click the Reload button. Don't worry if
you see a warning about unverified signatures and unauthenticated
software; we'll fix that later.
Now you can install Bombono DVD as other software in Synaptic. For
example, click the Origin button and choose ppa.launchpad.net/main.
Choose bombono-dvd-testing entry and install it. For more
information about using Synaptic Package Manager, see SynapticHowto.
This package is being installed into /opt/bombono-dvd-testing
folder; hit Alt+F2 and use
/opt/bombono-dvd-testing/bin/bombono-dvd command to run the program.
Telling Ubuntu how to authenticate the repository
Bombono Repository has GPG signing key BBAB22E8. Open your terminal
and enter:
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys BBAB22E8
sudo apt-get update

Now you don't have any warnings about software can't be authenticated.
That's all!

 Source: Install In Ubuntu - Bombono DVD


You probably need to tell Eclipse which editor to use. Go to Preferences > General > Editors > File Associations. Create an entry for *.png if necessary and then Add an Associated editor specifying the External program you want to use.


ROS Melodic source install problem in Ubuntu 18.04 (Bionic) in Virtual Box

I don't know what the exact issue might be but here is something to get you up and running with ROS.

You can download an image for VirtualBox of ubuntu with ROS preinstalled from here.


Lubuntu: Remapping caps to backspace: 15.10 or 16.04

In dconf-editor: org >> gnome >> desktop >> input-sources >> xkb-options list.
dconf-editor has GUI.
Autostart scripts not needed if you go this way.


How to dual boot fresh install windows 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04 with a BIOS?

If you want Windows to take up the whole partition, you can install Ubuntu on a USB stick (that is large enough) from within Windows 2GB minimum if you don't plan to save data to it.

Download Pen Drive Linux's USB Installer

Select 'Ubuntu' from the dropdown list.
Click 'Browse' and open the downloaded ISO file.
Choose the USB drive and click 'Create'.

Official documentation


You need to use single quotes for the awk program body so awk's variables are not expanded by the shell.
Here's how you should pass a shell variable into awk:

filter_data=$( awk -v re="$filter:" '$0 ~ re {print $2}' scanresults_temp.txt )


first remove the package as @Parto said: sudo apt-get remove --purge php5-common php5-cli php5-gd php5-mysql

sudo dpkg --configure -a

sudo apt-get install -f


Can I leave GParted on a system after installation?

As user320 explained, you can install GParted through the Software Center or sudo apt-get install gparted. As for your second question, I believe the reason why GParted is not a part of the final installation is because Canonical decided to go with Disk Utility, which is a lighter version of GParted. The idea is to give the end user direct and clear access to simple but effective utilities; providing them with power tools from the get go can be confusing and maybe even dangerous. Power users, on the other hand, can find those power tools on their own.

It's basically the same rationale that made them let go of Synaptic in favor of a more pumped-up Software Center. Back in the day, both Synaptic and GParted were default applications.


Why can't I get my NIVIDA drivers to work

You can use this script  smxi script
It will automatically detect your hardware configuration and install nvidia driver.
Also there are bunch of other stuffs.

I past I had used this script on my debian wheezy.
Here's what I had used How To : Smxi script

Hope this helps n hope I get that ePizza


Newer LVM will still detect older LVM and it should just all work. UUIDs of filesystems on LVs won't change. I have machines that have been using the same LVM setup for more than 10 years; in that time OS and underlying hardware changed multiple times.
When you reinstall just be careful not to do anything to the devices that are the PVs for your LVM.
To list all your PVs:
$ sudo pvs

So just be careful not to touch those. And a good idea to have backups just in case you do make a mistake.


Ubuntu 14.04 to 16.04 Upgrade Display Issue

If you have an AMD APU or Gigabyte Motherboard. Dont upgrade to 16.04lts. My VGA port only works with HDMI port connected to another monitor. Ended up Reloading with 14.04lts. All is well. Figure something is wrong with graphics driver. My Old laptop, an Intel based system works fine. Maybe the Radeon Driver? Just MY personal experience.


Mouse doesn't work properly and random crashes

to fully help you, i need to know the computers name and year(as well as any changes from the stock GPU,CPU,RAM cards, etc). some basic troubleshooting for you would be to update BIOS,get drivers for everything(this is a common one), and if that doesnt help, then your pc may not be able to handle Ubuntu


What is meant by mask and effective in the output from getfacl?

ACL are an extended set of permissions.
The POSIX permissions are that each file or directory has an owner, group, and other with read, write, and executable bits.
ACL add additional access, or "mask" and can be used to define additional groups/users and extended permissions.
So what you are seeing is the POSIX permissions + the ACL "mask" and when you put them together you get the effective access.
For example, if you have rwx POSIX permissions and ACL gives you r-- , your effective permissions are read only.
If posix gives you r-- and ACL gives you rwx , your effective permissions are STILL RO.
So you are seeing the POSIX permissions, the ACL mask, and the result or effective permissions. You can then modify either the POSIX or ACL access as needed to give you the effective acces you desire ;)

Table: Masking of Permissions
Entry type     Text form       Permissions
Named user     user:joe:r-x        r-x
Mask   mask::rw-       rw-
Effective permissions  r-

See
http://www.vanemery.com/Linux/ACL/POSIX_ACL_on_Linux.html
Especially the "Table: Masking of Permissions", which I tried to quote above, and the first section "How ACLs Work"


Ubuntu freezes a few minutes after login

I have had a similar problem, and the only thing that works for me is running an older kernel. There is a list of stable kernels here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/Dev/ExtendedStable

I have been using 3.19 without any problems.

Edit:

Here is a previous related question: How do I install an old kernel?. The answer describes how to install an old kernel.


According to packages.ubuntu.com, this file is found in the following packages in Trusty:

  libcuda1-304, libcuda1-304-updates, libcuda1-331, libcuda1-331-updates

To do a search like this, go to http://packages.ubuntu.com and go down to "Search the contents of packages".

Note: the packages can change with different versions of Ubuntu, so make sure to select the correct Ubuntu version.


How do I fix an error in my apt sources list?

Your problem is not bad so do not worry, simply do the following:

Remove the file sources.list
sudo rm -fr /etc/apt/sources.list
Run the update process. It will create the file again
sudo apt-get update

Now, if you really want to know what is wrong or why it happened then do the following:

sudo nano +62 /etc/apt/sources.list

This will take you to the line with the problem and should give you an idea of why it is failing if compared to other lines. In most cases like this, I simply delete the file and then update to recreate it. Saves me time. But if I want to know what really happened, I do the last line first.


Skip mounted network folder when host is offline

Perhaps not an entirely perfect solution, but You could make an easily available script (desktop shortcut?) that contains:

#!/bin/bash
sudo umount -l /home/user/living-room-share

If that does not work, try including the -f argument as well.

Edit:

An alternative approach could be to avoid mounting your share through fstab altogether, and instead mount the share using Nautilus directly:

Open Nautilus and navigate to the share by pressing CRTL+L and entering smb://living-room.local/living-room
From the application menu, select Bookmarks > Bookmark this Location

This may make Nautilus less unresponsive when the server goes offline after having mounted the share in the first place.


how to monitor java jre 8 on zabbix via JMX technology

It should be easy with any plugin for JMX that Zabbix has as a platform. Anyway, if you're not restricted by only Open Source options, you can check out Pandora FMS Enterprise Edition as an alternative. Yeah, you have to pay for it, but their JMX plugin works.


How to forward internet from mobile modem into router

It's IP forwarding, you can implement that with a couple of commands:
In the file /etc/sysctl.conf, add or uncomment the following line using your preferred text editor (vim, gedit, etc):

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

To enable the changes in sysctl.conf you need to run the command:

sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf

You may also want to configure IPTables with the commands:

sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -m state -–state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -j ACCEPT

Substitute eth1 by your internet interface (the modem, as called in your system) and substitute eth0 by the interface connected to the router (probably it's really eth0).
To make it permanent, run:

sudo iptables-save > /etc/iptables.rules

Try that and report back any problems.


To diagnose issues such as these, try the following:

Examine to see if its a nouveau driver vs nvidia issue - i.e. the yellow pixel observation could show a driver issue.  Try installing the nvidia drivers i.e. ensure you are connected to the internet - run Administration - Hardware Drivers.  If you are offered a restricted NVidia driver that is not activated, then try activating it.  Once installed type the following to set up your display.

gksudo nvidia-settings
Try rebuilding the ubuntu font cache through the following (i.e. may be the missing stuff is due to the fonts not being built or corrupted somehow)

sudo fc-cache -v -f


Ubuntu 12.10. Can't format root partition at installation time

See if there's an option in your system's BIOS to turn the hostRAID functionality OFF.  You could then simply use the SATA controller instead of the hostRAID controller.  I've not seen a machine yet that doesn't have that option.

Another option is to reset the BIOS to defaults.

In addition, look for BIOS updates.


Win10 linux subsystem libGL error: No matching fbConfigs or visuals found libGL error: failed to load driver: swrast

Add LIBGL_ALWAYS_INDIRECT variable to /etc/bash.bashrc solved my error.
export LIBGL_ALWAYS_INDIRECT=1

Don't know what's the actual usage. But maybe useful, because XLauch confg says it requires this.
My error occurs when invoke emacs from wsl2, and display in XLauch (vcxsrv):
libGL error: No matching fbConfigs or visuals found
libGL error: failed to load driver: swrast

I find the solution according to:

The Ultimate Emacs Hacking Tutorial in Windows 10 WSL 2
Does WSL support openGL?


It should work, however you probably need to adapt the plugin version number in .desktop files. (X-KDevelop-Version has to match the version of other plugins)

Test with git master - that is probably up to date.

Read here how to build and install plugins.


Install 32bit or 64bit packages for 64bit Ubuntu?

Let's say Mozilla only makes Firefox available as 32-bit software - if you are using a 64-bit version of Adobe Flash Player, it will be incompatible with Firefox because 64-bit software is only compatible with 64-bit software (32-bit software is compatible with both)...

But if you had both the 32-bit and 64-bit version of Flash Player installed, you'd have the 32-bit version for Firefox (in addition to any other Flash-enabled/powered 32-bit software), and the 64-bit version for any 64-bit, Flash-enabled/powered software you are running.

As a rule-of-thumb, you should always try to get a hold of 64-bit software where possible as it offers better security, more stability and in most cases, better performance (the Ubuntu Software Center will usually try to install 64-bit versions of software, where available, if your computer is already configured as a 64-bit system)... Which in part is tied to the higher memory (RAM) allowances supported by 64-bit software.

It's when you start talking about extensions/plug-ins/etc that 32-bit software might be the way to go... But often these are available in 32-bit and 64-bit varieties, so just install both if you use a combination of 32-bit and 64-bit software (or just stick to 64-bit software!).

By the way, it is the 64-bit version of Firefox that installed by default under a 64-bit Ubuntu operating system... Just in case you were wondering. ;-)


MariaDB: Default password authentication not good enough?

As per your ed25519 plugin link:

MySQL has used SHA-1 based authentication since version 4.1. Since
MariaDB 5.2 this authentication plugin has been called
mysql_native_password. Over the years as computers became faster, new
attacks on SHA-1 were being developed. Nowadays SHA-1 is no longer
considered as secure as it was in 2001. That's why the ed25519
authentication plugin was created.
The ed25519 authentication plugin uses Elliptic Curve Digital
Signature Algorithm to securely store users' passwords and to
authenticate users. The ed25519 algorithm is the same one that is used
by OpenSSH. It is based on the elliptic curve and code created by
Daniel J. Bernstein.

If security is a concern to you and it should, I would follow MariaDB best pratice and use the ed25519 plugin.
By default, without any plugin, Mariadb uses a sha1(sha1("password")), well actually SHA1(UNHEX(SHA1("this_is_a_random_string"))), and sha1 is unsafe. As usual, follow best practice, use the ed25519 plugin - if there is a best practice concerning security, follow it, there usually is a good reason - nobody is gonna write up a best practice for something if there is not a good reason.