18.04 can't adjust screen brightness on Lenovo Thinkpad T510

Please create and edit a new configuration file in /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/ like so:

sudo nano /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-nvidia-brightness.conf

Then, copy and paste the following into it:

Section "Device"
    Identifier     "Device0"
    Driver         "nvidia"
    VendorName     "NVIDIA Corporation"
    BoardName      "Quadro NVS 3100M"
    Option         "RegistryDwords" "EnableBrightnessControl=1"
EndSection

Then, save the file and exit the editor by pressing Ctrl + x then press y then press Enter.

After that reboot your system and see if screen brightness adjusts now.


Select monitor for indicator information - choose the 'most right' monitor

According to the code, that's it. These are the only two options available.
https://bazaar.launchpad.net/~indicator-applet-developers/notify-osd/trunk/view/head:/data/com.canonical.NotifyOSD.gschema.xml


Problems with skype on ubuntu 16.04.4 on AMD ryzen

try (re)moving the folder  ~/.config/skypeforlinux. If you don't care about your saved conversations maybe just delete and it will probably work


Cant change niceness even after editing limits.conf

Reading this link, I think you need not issue the command as su. You can simply run the ulimit -a command.

http://lzone.de/apply+limits+immediately

Although reading the man page for ulimit, it says that this routine is obsolete and you should use getrlimit, setrlimit and sysconf instead.


How to increase brightness in smaller steps?

Install xbacklight by opening a terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T shortcut and type this:

sudo apt-get install xbacklight

then after installation, type these commands in terminal:

xbacklight = 10
xbacklight = 20
xbacklight = 5

this may help.


How to disable pop up app manager? It's driving me crazy

this happens when you press Alt + Tab. If you don't press them, then it won't show up anymore.


With the new security problem of nginx on 14.04, how do I tell what version I have?

The only recent (past 10 days) vulnerability of nginx I can find on the Ubuntu security notices is CVE-2014-3616. Version 1.4.6-1ubuntu3.1 contains the fix for that CVE. Check with:

$ apt-cache policy nginx-core
nginx-core:
  Installed: 1.4.6-1ubuntu3.1
  Candidate: 1.4.6-1ubuntu3.1

(All the nginx packages should be upgraded together, but you can check the status of each package individually as well.)


How can I test the integrity of a backup made with Backup (Deja Dup)?

Update Deja-dup to 24.x or latest release.

In later version of 23.x they have added integrity check feature.

Have a look this link. https://bugs.launchpad.net/deja-dup/+bug/1055356

  After every backup, we make a small check to confirm we can restore a test file. And every two months, we make a more intensive check.


HP 14-v015TU notebook touchpad is detected as PS2 mouse with any Ubuntu

I solved this problem by upgrading to the 4.1 kernel:

Install latest kernel 4.1 from this page on Ubuntu Portal

Reboot

Now you will find new touchpad settings in mouse settings.

If wireless does not work Download latest bcmwl Broadcom wireless Firmware(If it apply to you) which is the correct driver for this device

Download the .deb file, open Terminal, cd to the directory where it went (probably Downloads), and run:

sudo dpkg -i bcmwl*.deb


How to force Firefox to open downloads with new default file manager (Nemo)?

This is an awkward, quick and dirty solution you advocate. You Can't use Nautilus anymore. If it's your intention then it's better to remove it for good.

$ sudo apt-get remove nautilus

Otherwise I believe the proper solution is to modify the defaults.list file located in /usr/share/applications as suggested here.

In Ubuntu Xenial 16.04 I did comment out the original line and replaced nautilus with nemo e.g.

#inode/directory=nautilus-folder-handler.desktop
inode/directory=nemo.desktop

Then just restart Firefox and you will be OK ...


Which libappmenu.so must I edit under GTK 3.0 to remove Eclipse from the HUD blacklist?

I had this problem too, with gtk3.0 and solved it by editing this file:

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gtk-2.0/2.10.0/menuproxies/libappmenu.so

in the same way as described for gtk2.0.

My OS is a 64bit OS so i don't know if it's the same for 32bit systems, but hopefully this solution works for you, too.


Xubuntu 13.04, Intel video chip, bad color and video

It seems like there was a video driver issue, I compiled the latest xf86-video-intel driver from the git repo  --- (here is the exact tar.gz I downloaded).

NOTE: If you don't want to do all this craziness and want to try this PPA of the git repo instead feel free: http://www.ubuntuupdates.org/ppa/xorg-edgers
They just warned me that I should install ALL of the things, so I took their advice and built the driver in my environment.

This guide might work, but here are the steps I remember taking:

$ tar xvfz xf86-video-intel-2.21.8.tar.gz
$ cd xf86-video-intel-2.21.8/
$ sudo apt-get install autoconf libtool xutils-dev xserver-xorg-dev
$ ./autogen
$ ./configure # This might not be necessary, but I ran it...
$ sudo make install

I then uninstalled the current drivers through the software center, you can probably just do an $ apt-get remove xserver-xorg-video-intel

THEN the moment of truth... $ sudo killall Xorg to restart X and load our new drivers (At least I think that's what happened hehe)

Either way, the gradients look smoother, I haven't even tried watching a video on this computer yet.

Hope this helps :)


The files are present in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages, therefore uninstall with sudo rights.

sudo pip uninstall South


Executing python file from another script

You need to add the shebang line (#! interpreter) to 'file.py'

#!/usr/bin/python or #!/usr/bin/env python- This will instruct to execute the file using python. Also make sure the file has enough permission to execute.

or

you should call the program with python prefix

from os import system
from time import sleep
from datetime import datetime

while True:
    print(datetime.now(),"-+- Starting")
    system('python file.py')
    print(datetime.now(),"-+- Crash")
    sleep(300)


dual boot Windows 8 and Ubuntu (Partition not detecting)

Use gparted to check and set the partitions the way you want them.  Then proceed to run the Ubuntu installation choosing "Something else" as the option.  Now specify the partition that you have set aside for your Ubuntu installation.  Nothing else will be touched.  When the install complete it'll automatically update grub and identify all your OS installations and present them at your boot menu.


Will my HP officejet 6600 print and scan on Ubuntu?

Yes but it looks like only from command line (No GUI), unless there is another Program out there that can. But those programs you mention should have access to the printer.

http://hplipopensource.com/hplip-web/models/officejet/officejet_6600.html


Connect to Raspberry Pi 4 with Ubuntu Core 18 via serial cable

You can use your laptop as a serial console fairly easily...if you have the right serial connection hardware: Serial port, USB-to-serial adapter, serial cable, serial-to-GPIO adapter, etc.

On any Linux-based system, the plain old screen application will work. Connect it to the serial port. You may need to tweak a bit (like serial port or baud settings).

Example: screen /dev/ttyS0

Example with baud setting: screen /dev/ttyS0 115200

Example with a Serial-to-USB adapter: screen /dev/ttyUSB0 115200

Ubuntu Core requires BOTH a local console AND a working network connection during it's first boot. It will keep repeating the first boot until both are satisfied. The local connection is needed so you can input your Ubuntu One username. The network connection is needed so the system can download your SSH Key from Ubuntu One. Then the Core system will reboot to apply the new settings. You can remove the serial connection during the reboot.

Subsequent boots will merely display the Ubuntu Core system's IP address; a convenience so you can connect using ssh. You won't be able to login using the local console by default (you can enable that feature).

One super-easy way to learn about Ubuntu Core first boot is to try it in a disposable KVM Virtual Machine.


all my previous configurations and settings are gone by using the following command in ubuntu 14.04LTS

Gut feeling is you may have had a space after the ~. Is it really only the Download folder ? You should back up everything under home regularly. Add a new user with a similar name and tweak everything back, then copy their ~ to yours.


How to Retrieve an Iconized Program from the Tray with a Keyboard shortcut

Workaround

If the position of the Icon on Dash is fixed, you can do this with xdotool

for example:
I am using Dash-to-Panel extension. I have gnome-tweaks fixed in my Dash at position 4.
So it can be opened with Super+4 Key Press.

I can achieve this key pressings automation with xdotool with command xdotool key Super_L+4

like this you can make your 1st clik either with mouse location to already known position of your Icon on Dash or with shortcut keys like Super+4

Ok, I have successfully opened gnome-tweaks now I need to close the window automatically, i need a mouse movement and mouse click.

so the command I used is xdotool key Super_L+4 mousemove 1112 57 sleep 5 click 1

I guess your Icon Position and "Show Franz" Position are fixed.
first get the mouse positions and then create a shortcut to run xdotool command.

Downside: Based on trails, xdotool sleep 1 or may be lower values are required while creating a custom shortcut.


How to get username and password for recently installed Jenkins?

If you have not set jenkins initial credential then it will be

username: admin
password: Go to your .jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword  for password.


How can I find out the file path for my laptop's dvd drive

you can use dmesg from terminal to find out info about connected drives, but you have to mount a device to browse the file system. DVD is usually mounted in /media directory.


Installing previous version of program: chromium-browser

As per this thread:
sudo apt-get install chromium=65.0.3325.181-0ubuntu1

should work!
Also, apt automatically solves dependencies.


How do I get a Logitech DiNovo Mini working?

This is what I would try:

sudo cp /lib/udev/rules.d/62-bluez-hid2hci.rules /etc/udev/rules.d/62-bluez-hid2hci.rules

sudo vi /etc/udev/rules.d/62-bluez-hid2hci.rules

Then look for the following line:

KERNEL=="hiddev*", ATTRS{idVendor}=="046d", ATTRS{idProduct}=="c70[345abce]|c71[34bc]" \

and change it to:

ATTRS{idVendor}=="046d", ATTRS{idProduct}=="c70[345abce]|c71[34bc]", \

Basically removing:

KERNEL=="hiddev*",

If this doesn't work, I would then either restart udev or restart the machine and try. You may also need to edit

/etc/default/bluetooth

and modify the following line:

HID2HCI_ENABLED=0

to be like this:

HID2HCI_ENABLED=1

If you do issue the following command:

sudo service bluetooth restart

Once you do this it might also be a good idea to run:

sudo service udev restart

sudo udevadm trigger --verbose --subsystem-match=usb

and then try to pair again.

There was a forum entry on how to get this configured, though it is slightly outdated. It may help us narrow down things we may need to try in the future to get it to work. link


SSHD server is in openssh-server package. You need to install it this way, after fixing the problem with MergeList.

sudo apt-get install openssh-server


Mount error on new, empty External HDD - ext4

Try this.  Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 /<device_name>

If that doesn't help, and the drive has no data yet, delete the partition, and recreate it.  Hope that helps.


No sound on HP Chromebook 14 running Ubuntu 16.04

I managed to fix it (for now). What I did was launch alsamixer in the terminal and change the sound card from the default to the intel one, which didn't change anything immediately but after 10 minutes of static the audio worked. But this is Linux, so anything could happen.

Also, don't be freaked out if the laptop does not charge when you go to charge it.  It'll take about 5 minutes to kick in.


How do you find out the different versions of individual PHP modules

You can use

php --ri MODULE | grep Version

where MODULE is the name of the module whose version you want, e.g. openssl.


Getting error while compiling DeaDBeefPlayer

The DeaDBeeF player is perhaps not the most straightforward to compile and install but perhaps try the following procedure which worked well enough on my Zesty setup and I am sure with some adjustment would work well enough on other versions of Ubuntu:

Install Build Tools & Dependencies

You will need some build tools as well as some development files to build some of the DeaDBeeF plugins. Run the following single command from a Terminal window:

sudo apt-get install build-essential checkinstall intltool yasm \
libjansson-dev libmpg123-dev libvorbis-dev libflac-dev libwavpack-dev \
libsamplerate0-dev libgtk-3-dev libcdio-dev libcddb2-dev libsndfile1-dev \
libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libfaad-dev libimlib2-dev libzip-dev \
libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libasound2-dev

Then build DeaDBeeF itself:

Build and Install DeaDBeeF:

Use the following single command to download, compile and install DeaDBeeF:

mkdir $HOME/dead_beef_build && cd $HOME/dead_beef_build && \
wget --no-check-certificate --content-disposition \
http://sourceforge.net/projects/deadbeef/files/deadbeef-0.7.2.tar.bz2/download && \
tar xvf deadbeef-0.7.2.tar.bz2 && \
cd deadbeef-0.7.2 && \
./configure && make && \
sudo checkinstall --pakdir "$HOME/dead_beef_build" --backup=no --deldoc=yes \
                  --pkgname deadbeef --pkgversion "0.7.2" --fstrans=no \
                  --deldesc=yes --delspec=yes --default && \
sudo ldconfig

And then DeaDBeeF should be right to go :).

Plugins:

During compile time you should see a list of plugins flying past. In this build you will have the following available:

Plugin Summary:

    stdio: yes - Standard IO plugin
    gme: yes - chiptune music player based on GME
    nullout: yes - NULL output
    alsa: yes - ALSA output
    oss: yes - oss output plugin
    pulse: no - PulseAudio output plugin
    coreaudio: no - CoreAudio output plugin
    sid: yes - SID player based on libsidplay2
    ffap: yes - Monkey's audio (APE) decoder
    lastfm: no - last.fm scrobbler
    mp3: yes - mp3 plugin
        libmad: no - libmad backend for mp3 plugin
        libmpg123: yes - libmpg123 backend for mp3 plugin
    vorbis: yes - ogg vorbis player
    flac: yes - flac player
    wavpack: yes - wavpack player
    sndfile: yes - PCM (wav,aiff,etc) player based on libsndfile
    vtx: yes - vtx file player (ay8910/12 emulation)
    adplug: yes - adplug player (OPL2/OPL3 emulation)
    vfs_curl: no - http/ftp streaming support
    cdda: yes - cd audio player
    gtkui: no - GTK2 user interface
    gtkui3: yes - GTK3 user interface
    hotkeys: yes - Local and global hotkeys support
    ffmpeg: yes - ffmpeg codecs
    artwork: no - Cover art plugin
    supereq: yes - Equalizer based on Super EQ library by Naoki Shibata
    notify: yes - notification-daemon support plugin
    shellexec: yes - shell commands plugin
    shellexecui: yes - GTK user interface for setting up shellexec plugin
    musepack: yes - musepack player plugin
    wildmidi: yes - WildMidi player plugin
    tta: yes - TTA player plugin
    dca: yes - libdca (DTS Audio) player plugin
    aac: yes - AAC player (m4a, aac, mp4) based on FAAD2
    mms: yes - mms streaming support
    dsp_src: yes - High quality samplerate conversion using libsamplerate
    m3u: yes - M3U and PLS playlist support
    vfs_zip: yes - zip archive support
    converter: yes - plugin for converting files to any formats
    psf: yes - PSF format plugin, using AOSDK
    dumb: yes - DUMB module plugin, for MOD, S3M, etc
    shn: yes - SHN plugin based on xmms-shn
    mono2stereo: yes - mono2stereo DSP plugin
    alac: yes - ALAC plugin
    wma: yes - WMA plugin
    pltbrowser: yes - playlist browser gui plugin
    sc68: yes - sc68 Atari ST And Amiga player

But more can be added by tracking down the required -dev files, installing these and then recompiling DeaDBeeF.

Obligatory Screenshot:

Here is a screenshot of DeaDBeeF running on my Zesty setup, using the above instructions:

And hopefully these detailed instructions will get you on the way as well :).


How do I get passwords from the keyring in the terminal for usage in scripts?

You can use secret-tools to store and retrieve the password from the keyring.

To store a new password:

secret-tool store --label='Password for mydrive' drive mydrive

I let you check in the keyring how it appears. To look it up (this command can easily be inserted in your script):

secret-tool lookup drive mydrive


Upgrade to the latest BTsync.
Answer from BTsync support

  There is no default password, usually you need to set it login and password first

Delete btsync-cache files if you do not remember your password if you want to start a new account.


I accidentally deleted the network-manager and don't have access to internet anymore

I suggest you edit a file:

gksudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

Amend it to read:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-essid myssid
wpa-psk mypasscode

Restart the interface:

sudo ifdown wlan0 && sudo ifup -v wlan0

Test:

ping -c3 www.ubuntu.com

If you get ping results, you are connected. If you wish, you may reinstall Network Manager and revert the file you amended to remove the wlan0 stanza.


open a bash, then type:

cpan
install Font::TTF

That should fix it.


New unknown users appearing on ubuntu, virus?

There is a video conferencing app called Jitsi Meet. This app creates both users. If you have it installed, that would explain why they keep coming back.


It looks like this error can be caused by your computer's BIOS detecting disks (such as the Ubuntu MATE installation USB or DVD) incorrectly.

Could you please reboot into your computer's BIOS settings (usually by pressing F2 or F12 or DELETE while your computer is booting) and see if there are any options along the lines of "Automatically Detect Disks" or "USB disk format"? If there is an option to manually set the USB disk type, you can choose that.

Another possible cause is simply that the GRUB bootloader is corrupted; you could try re-downloading Ubuntu MATE and create a new startup DVD/USB. (What software did you use or what steps did follow to create your current Ubuntu MATE installation media?)


If you had no custom environment variables or scripts that you want run on login, it might be as easy as mkdir /root
If you did have custom scripts, you'll have to recreate them after you do this.
If you log in remotely as root (very much not recommended), you will need to recreate your ~/.ssh folder, and create an authorized_keys file. Don't forget to add the ssh keys in there of any hosts you log in from.


You must burn the downloaded ISO to a DVD or a USB Flash Drive.  I believe that Lubuntu is the only version that will still fit on a CD.  Merely coping the download to a DVD or Flash Drive will not make it bootable.
1.  After the download is complete, you must check the MD5Sum to make sure that there were no errors in the download.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToMD5SUM
and
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuHashes
2.  Then you have to burn it to a DVD or Flash Drive at the lowest possible speed.  https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BurningIsoHowto


The easiest method for copying your data would be to open up terminal type in:

sudo nautilus

and then just copy the data to your external hardrive. I usually do it that way when I have to reinstall my Ubuntu installation.

Also don't worry about permissions, they should be alright once your system is reinstalled, if not, post a comment bellow and I'll tell you how to fix them.


How do I remove the long name given to my internet connection?

Choose **Edit connections..." on the bottom of the menu, then you will see a list of connections:

Highlight the connection with unapropriate name, and click Edit. Now Just rename the interface in the settings window:

Now, rename, OK, OK, DONE


My suggestion: start over with a clean install and choose those options from the get go.

There IS a way to convert ext2 to ext4 but it is a bit involved. If this is a brand new install, might just be easier to start over.

Likewise, you can resize your partition but not when it's mounted (i.e. you are booted into it). Use the Gparted livecd or liveusb


rsync to download (in one way) files from one server to another

Say you have a script with such an example code on Server A:

#!/bin/sh
rsync -acz /folder_to_copy username@serverB:/path/to/store
rm -rf /folder_to_remove

Keep in mind: Always use -c for building a checksum, especially if you copy remotely, even it is slower. If you have spaces in the pathname escape it with a \ (backslash) like this /path/with/a/space\ here. But try to avoid EDIT: spaces, (not backslashes) ;-D.

Make it executable with chmod u+x /path/to/script/with/name.sh

Now, if you run this script, it will first upload all files in /folder_to_copy to server B in /path/to/store. And then remove (recursively) all files and folders from that directory.

Now you can make a cron job for this script so it will run every night at 3pm e.g.

Always think about what you do, try to understand the given commands and test everything. man-pages are your friend


How should I customise partition sizes for my installations?

There is no valid reason any more to have multiple partitions, esp. on personal desktops/laptops. This is even reflected in the default setting for the partition manager: everything on a single partition.

I don't bother with a swap partition. IIRC, the Ubuntu installer won't let you install without one, so pick the smallest size you can get away with, and after you've installed, turn swap off permanently. Esp. if you have an SSD, you don't want gratuitous writes if you can avoid them. I haven't run a machine with swap in at least half a dozen years.

As for the ramdisk, what's the point of having one if you're going to back it up with disk? Just use the disk directly! I also assume you mean 'tmpfs', not a real old-style ramdisk, right?

Hope this helps,

/ji


PermitRootLogin is an sshd (the daemon) setting, not an ssh (the client) setting. It should go into /etc/ssh/sshd_config, where I'm reasonably certain you'll find a PermitRootLogin line.


There are two conditions here:

you need to have sshd working on your machine.
your workplace management should allow the access to port 22 to your PC, and give you a fixed IP (or an equivalent forwarding).

Point #1 is easy. For a very basic sshd installation, simply

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

You should be able to test it from the same machine with

ssh 0

and you should have the normal login prompt for your user (answer "yes" when it asks to add the fingerprint of your local machine).

This is a very basic configuration tough; you should go to the help page and adapt it to your use case.

For point #2, you should contact your IT management.

When and if the firewall permits it, you can now reach your machine from home (or from whatever computer) with ssh user@IP (for example, ssh rmano@1.2.3.4). If you do not know your external IP, contact the IT management(1).

Footnotes:

(1) you really can check it online, but that is not useful at all if you do not have the relevant ports opened/forwarded.


Cannot install Ubuntu 20 on laptop with windows 10 and NVIDIA Geforce RTX 2080

It's possible that your black screen is not related to graphics cards. Try adding acpi=off in the first instance, and experiment with other kernel command line options, such as noapic and nolapic.
If your kernel panics before it mounts a file system, you won't be able to get logs. In this instance, you can redirect console output to a USB/Serial device, which may give you more info.


How do you add applets in Gnome 3/Ubuntu 15.04?

You need to go to extentions.gnome.org - I have to use firefox not Chrome.

NetSpeed is here

Click the On / Off slider, so it goes on and it will be installed:

Then press Alt+F2 and type r then press enter.

It should be in the top panel.


Protocol error when mounting shared folder

Answered by OP in question:

  The answer (after a few hours of cursing) was simple:

  Apparently, cloning a VMWare snapshot in my environment does not also copy all the VM settings.  Setting the Shared Folders option to what the source VM settings are solved the problem.


Android SDK Manager is not fetching packages

android command is deprecated, use sdkmanager instead. Take help from here


How do I unzip multiple files with multiple passwords in 7zipfull on ubuntu

A possible script - save this in a file called e.g. 7za_script.sh

#!/bin/bash

for file in *.7z
do
  for password in pass1 pass2 pass3
  do
    7za x -oOUTPUTDIR -p"${password}" "${file}" && break
  done
done

What does it do?

1. The outer loop for file in *.7z

We define the variable called file to any entry in your current working directory that ends in .7z. The * hereby is a wildcard that is expanded to zero or any number of characters. *.7z will thus match anythng that has a 7zip suffix. The loop now runs once per match and we can refer to the match of the current loop run via $file, i.e. calling a variable.

2. The inner loop for password in pass1 pass2 pass3

In this loop we define tha variable password by explicitely stating three optional values pass1, pass2, and pass3. The loop will run once for each value.

3. The 7za-command

Try to extract the current file from our list with the given password. For each $file all three $password possibilities are tried. The order of nested loops is such that the inner loop will always be run fully before going to the next step in the outer loop.

4. The && break part

break will stop a loop run of the innermost loop. Thus if we call break in the password loop after trying pass1 the pass2 and pass3 option will not even be tried. The question is when NOT to try other passwords. Simple: upon successfully extracting a file with pass1 the other passwords need not to be tried for that file.

Each command has an exit status that is either 0 for success or any other number for fail (the actual value of the number can give more information about what went wrong, but this depends on the individual program). man 7za shows under DIAGNOSTICS:

    0      Normal (no errors or warnings detected)

    1      Warning (Non fatal error(s)). For example, some files cannot be read during compressing, so they were not compressed

    2      Fatal error

Thus if a file is successfully extracted, the exit code should be 0 and if a password does not unlock it, it should be 2. You can get the exit status of a previous command by echo $?. Just try echo $? after running true or false (commands that either always succeed or always fail).

Now && command means "run command if the previous command was successful (exit status = 0). So what we do is: if $password unlocked $file (and no other error occured), we break the password-loop, as there is no reason for trying the other passwords on that file. Instead we can now go on to the next file.

5. Running the script

Once you saved the script as e.g. 7za_script.sh and wrote the passwords in there as you need them, you can run it via bash 7za_script.sh OR make it executable with chmod +x 7za_script.sh and run it via ./7za_script.sh.

6. Notes

The script is very simplistic, but just meant as a basic start for your scripting career.
Move it to your desired directory and execute it.
It will not differ between a file called 1.7za or a directory 2.7za (that is obviously not a zipped thing at all but just shares the name). Testing this would be the next step.
It is very unsafe to store passwords in a clear text file, but it seems to be a low security problem in the first place.
Quoting " and calling variables as ${var} instead of $var make scripts more stable in case of e.g. spaces in filenames. I'll not go more into detail here but leave the keywords: hard quotes, soft quotes, shell variables
&& and || are called OPERATORS
Take this as a start, try to understand what it does and enjoy scripting.


Thinkpad T61, Ubuntu 12.04, Fingerprint Scanner

Try with install Ubuntu Fingerprint reader drivers and the Application.

sudo apt-get install fprintd fprintd-doc libfprint-dev libfprint0


Please post your exact name of your nic by using command lshw and search for network section. You will find some thing like this :
description: Network controller//product: BCM43224 802.11a/b/g/n
And try to download fixed bug or right driver of your nic.


You have installed a wrong driver for this adapter that doesn't support monitor mode.

Remove it by

sudo apt purge bcmwl-kernel-source

This device will be handled by brcmsmac module that does support monitor.


Enabling Trackpoing scroll under Wayland for my IBM SpaceSaver II (RT3200)

Figured it out while playing around with udev rules:

Turns out the issue is that ID_INPUT_POINTINGSTICK is not set, so I guess libinput does not fully recognize the device. Can be solved with a simple udev rule:

ACTION=="add|change", ENV{ID_VENDOR_ID}=="0d3d", ATTRS{name}=="*USBPS2 Mouse*", ENV{ID_INPUT_POINTINGSTICK}="1"

This works for both Wayland and Xorg, no need to set it with xinput --set-prop anymore.


Determine Ubuntu version on SDD using Live CD

You could mount your root partition that is on your SSD (usually double clicking the drive icon from the desktop or file manager). If you see multiple partitions/drives you may need to mount them all to find the correct one (the one with the etc folder).

Open the etc folder and from there open the lsb-release file. This will contain the distribution information.

E.g. from your root partition if you execute cat etc/lsb-release you will see:

DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=14.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=trusty
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 14.04.4 LTS"


answer incoming calls automatically with Skype for Linux

Ctrl+O opens the "Options/Preferences" dialog window.
Under the "Privacy" tab (2nd from above - see screenhot) you can set/activate the option:

  Automatically answer incoming calls.

The same goes for the "Video Device". Optionally:

  Start my video automatically when I am in a call.


Same thing happened to me when i had installed 12.04 , haven't tried 13.04 yet though . Check your system requirements first that if it does suit the the version , then move forward . I had to downgrade to 10.04 for the very same reason .


Cannot change brightness on an Acer Aspire 5745-dg

I also own a Acer netbook. I use

sudo setpci -s 00:02.0 F4.B=XX

where XX is your brightness level.

XX = FF for max brightness
XX = 30 my setting
XX = 00 no brightness


Obtain an environment variable over the network from another computer

sure, you can use ssh to run a remote command

try this in your terminal:

ssh myuserid@remotemachine echo \$HOSTNAME


I've created a new issue for this on launchpad: https://bugs.launchpad.net/lpbugreporter/+bug/1916591
(This is not a new question, but a link to the related bug report. I hope it qualifies as useful/answer?)


The short answer is right now you can not, but there are some solutions.

First the warnings:

See https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/commandline/2016/11/17/do-not-change-linux-files-using-windows-apps-and-tools/

  I have to provide this guidance at least 2-3 times a day so instead I
  am publishing it here so everyone can find / link-to this guidance.

  There is one hard-and-fast rule when it comes to Bash on Windows:

  DO NOT, under ANY circumstances, create and/or modify Linux files
  using Windows apps, tools, scripts, consoles, etc. Also note: Opening
  files using some Windows tools may read-lock the opened files and/or
  folders, preventing updates to file contents and/or metadata,
  essentially resulting in corrupted files/folders.

  Creating/changing Linux files from Windows will likely result in data
  corruption and/or damage your Linux environment requiring you to
  uninstall & reinstall your distro! Note: Your "Linux files" are any of
  the files and folders under %localappdata%\lxss - which is where the
  Linux filesystem - distro and your own files - are stored on your
  drive

But this means any files in %localappdata%\lxss

Read the link for full details and additional information as to why. To the best of my knowledge this is currently marked as "might fix" (upgraded from "wont fix").

There are a few options:

First:

  So what SHOULD I do?

  To work on files using both Windows and Linux tools, store & work on
  those files in your Windows filesystem, and access them from both
  Windows and from Bash via /mnt//path (e.g.
  /mnt/c/dev/project/...)

There are "work arounds" listed here :

https://github.com/Microsoft/WSL/issues/1524

But no guarantee you will not break things if you try those.

Second, make a shared directory in windows and mount it in WSL:

You can also try https://github.com/Microsoft/WSL/issues/1319

  Make a folder in Windows, call it

  %userprofile%\projects

  In Windows subsystem for linux, do the following:

  ln -s /mnt/c/Users/[YourWindowsUserName]/projects ~/projects

  Any Linux-related file that you want to edit, edit it in ~/projects,
  and you will be 100% fine.

Third (possibly best for some) is to use the linux tools.

nano is an easy to use command line editor

nano file_to_edit

The key combinations to save / exit are at the bottom of the editor

Here is a basic nano guide: https://www.howtogeek.com/howto/42980/the-beginners-guide-to-nano-the-linux-command-line-text-editor/


Installing Ubuntu 14.04 along WIndows to dual boot

I don't think you can get back to your windows 7. You just need to format it then after installing windows 7 you may follow this step in dual booting it. Dual Booting it's the best tutorial I've seen so far and it worked for me. Even if your in windows 7 It's just the same process though.


sudo apt update: terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::runtime_error'

Workaround mentioned in this comment aside, it appears that you've been affected by this bug. It appears that there was a problem with insufficient entropy. This is now reported to have been fixed in apt 1.7.0~alpha2 It doesn't appear to be available for supported versions in the repositories at this moment although it may be soon. The source is available at the previous link. However apt_1.7.0~alpha3_amd64.deb is available from the cosmic branch if you want to attempt to avoid compiling from source. Personally I would compile as using the cosmic deb in a previous version may break things, In which case you have the pieces.


NVIDIA X Server TwinView isses with 2 GeForce 8600GT cards

It is solved here

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1999966

I hope ir helps.

Jaheaga


VMWare Ubuntu 18.04 connected to LAN but no network card available in gnome e.g. for sharing

It would seem NetworkManager is not managing the network interface.

In a terminal, run "nmcli device status"

You should see your network interface in green, with a state of connected.

If you see the state as unmanaged, run "nmcli device set devicename managed true" to allow NetworkManager to latch on.

Note, by default NetworkManager ignores any devices listed in /etc/network/interfaces.


How to kill proccess that spawns several java programs that each take a port

The way to kill all the jobs launched by a process is to use the process group ID (pgid). The simplest way to see that it to launch your script in the background:

$ launch_java.sh &
[1] 25649

The number printed above is the PID of the launch_java.sh which is also the group ID since that launches the rest. Alternatively, you can find it through ps:

$ ps -a -o pgid,command | grep java
25649 java Node 3300 3002 1

The 1st field is the pgid. Once you have that, you can use kill to kill it and all its children:

kill -TERM -25649

As explained in man kill:

          -n     where n is larger than 1.  All processes in process group
                 n are signaled.  When an argument of  the  form  '-n'  is
                 given,  and it is meant to denote a process group, either
                 a signal must be specified first, or the argument must be
                 preceded  by a '--' option, otherwise it will be taken as
                 the signal to send.


You mean Bionic Beaver?

Yes, a pack like this will run even on much older versions, and it's getting easier all the time.

If this is the kinda thing you want to do, you may really want to check out the packages in Ubuntu Studio.
If you already have Ubuntu installed, you can just: $ apt search ubuntustudio
and simply $ sudo apt install the things that look good to you.

Or even easier, run sudo tasksel and check off the relevant boxes (using arrow keys + space bar) there.

You'll find there's a veritable ton of audio software for recording & doing virtually anything you would want to do.


How do I get embedded MIDI files to play in Chrome?

Have you tried the instructions here:

How can I set up my Linux/Unix machine to play WolframTones compositions?

?


Installed Ubuntu 13.10 not Found after forced shutdown

The force shutdown might have got your HDD corrupt. While re-installing Ubuntu, try to recover your files and then wipe your HDD. Merge all partitions and do a clean install on your Hard Drive. Good Luck!


Web address fails to resolve with static IP on Ubuntu Server 12.04

Solution found: I was testing the connection to my domain name from my home network, which the computer is setup on. No-ip support informed me that external to the network everything was operating just fine and that to access the server within, I had to use the LAN IP address.


Why does the computer only connect to the network (e.g. eth0) when you log in?

Presumably because the network manager uses user specific network settings located in that user's home folder. The global network settings go into /etc/network/interfaces, which is a common way to set up networking on CLI servers. The down side is, you'll have to stop using the network manager.
Here are some examples:
http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/setting-up-an-network-interfaces-file/


It's gone! whoopsie is definitely not installed on your system any more as I get a ton more when I do a locate whoopsie!

(For the low quality queue reviewers: Yep, that's it. That's all the user was asking)


How to change a directory using shell script?

When you start your script a new process is created that only inherits your environment. Your current environment stays as it is. You can start your script like this if you want to change the current directory from a script:

. script.sh

or

source script.sh

The . (source is the long version of .) will evaluate the script in the current environment so it might be altered.

  When a script is run using source it runs within the existing shell, any variables created or modified by the script will remain available after the script completes. In contrast if the script is run just as script.sh, then a separate subshell (with a completely separate set of variables) would be spawned to run the script.

Sources:

Change current directory from a script.
Source or dot operator.


Install Adobe Air 2.6 Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS 64-bit

You need to install these dependencies

sudo apt-get install libxt6:i386 libnspr4-0d:i386 libgtk2.0-0:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libnss3-1d:i386 libnss-mdns:i386 libxml2:i386 libxslt1.1:i386 libcanberra-gtk-module:i386 gtk2-engines-murrine:i386 libgnome-keyring0:i386 libxaw7

add make these links

sudo ln -sf /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgnome-keyring.so.0 /usr/lib/libgnome-keyring.so.0
sudo ln -sf /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgnome-keyring.so.0.2.0 /usr/lib/libgnome-keyring.so.0.2.0

then install AdobeAir from the Adobe website

wget -O AdobeAIRInstaller.bin http://airdownload.adobe.com/air/lin/download/2.6/AdobeAIRInstaller.bin
chmod +x AdobeAIRInstaller.bin
sudo ./AdobeAIRInstaller.bin

then remove the links

sudo rm /usr/lib/libgnome-keyring.so.0
sudo rm /usr/lib/libgnome-keyring.so.0.2.0

source


I recommend you read up on how the EFI boot process works. For instance, my Web page on the topic may help, and in particular the "EFI Boot Principles" and "EFI Boot Loader Installation" pages.

Briefly, EFI does not make partitions or disks bootable. Instead, the EFI stores a list of boot loader files in its NVRAM. Any given EFI System Partition (ESP; the type of partition that holds boot loaders) can contain multiple boot loaders, and a computer can have multiple ESPs. If the partition on which a file resides is deleted, or if the file to which the NVRAM entry refers is deleted, then that entry will become useless. It may remain in NVRAM and be skipped or the firmware may try to clean up its NVRAM and remove the entry. Either way, it becomes useless. If the boot loader was useless (say, if it was for a Windows installation that you've deleted), then there's no harm in this. If you delete a boot loader (or its parent partition) that was in use, though, you'll damage the computer's ability to boot.

Incidentally, there's little advantage to putting an ESP on an SSD. The ESP is read once at boot time, and the files it contains are normally quite small. It will also be accessed on rare occasion when your boot loader is updated. Thus, the performance benefits from putting your ESP on an SSD will be tiny -- you'll probably shave a fraction of a second off of your boot time.


You can go to that directory, right click and select 'open terminal here' and run:

sudo chmod -R 777 ./

Running through sudo will ask for your password.

Alternatively, you can open you terminal and run

sudo nautilus

this will open your file-manager with admin permissions. Now go to the desired directory. Right click and open properties where you will find the 'Permissions' tab. From there you can change the permissions to your liking.


I want to import my email contacts from Mac OS X gmail account into Thunderbird. How?

Export your Google Mail contacts to a single file like it is explained here. Then upload it to a personal storage (that is encrypted) to which you have access via a web interface from inside the virtual machine. In the client, download the file and import the exported contacts via the address-book (you can find it in the extras or by pressing its shortcut: [ctrl]+[shift]+[b]). There go to Extras->Import and you will be able to select the file you have created.

Thunderbird should be able to open all the file types that Google can export.

It would be even easier, if you would be using the online accounts that were introduced in 11.10 (iirc) with Evolution. You can start it from the control panel, enter your Google contact information and directly sync your address book. That does not work with Thunderbird though.


creating a 32 bit wineprefix on 64bit system?

What it's asking for is the path to your virtual C: drive, which is called your 'wine prefix'.

When they specifically say the path to the wine prefix, they want the full path to where your virtual C: drive is.  To that end, the same FAQ you're looking at explains what your WinePrefix is, and what the default wineprefix location is:

  1.9. Where is my C: drive?

  Wine uses a virtual C: drive instead of your real C: drive. The
  directory in which this is located is called a 'wineprefix.'

  By default, it's in your home directory's .wine/drive_c subdirectory.
  (On MacOSX, see the MacOSX Wine FAQ for how to find this.)

  See also the WINEPREFIX environment variable; if this is set, wine
  uses it to find the wineprefix.

source


To run the ubuntu installer, you need to create a Live USB.

Instructions for windows are here, and ubuntu here.

Then you change the BIOS boot order to be the USB first. Here, item 3 should be item 1.

Boot it, and you will see the screen that says "Try or Install".

Click install, then choose "Erase Ubuntu 14.04 and reinstall".


python2-requests package missing in Ubuntu 20.04?

Download python-requests package for Ubuntu 19.10 to your desktop from the official Ubuntu download page for python-requests_2.21.0-1_all.deb. Install python-requests_2.21.0-1_all.deb from the terminal with the following commands:

cd ~/Desktop/
sudo apt install ./python-requests_2.21.0-1_all.deb

You don't need to download any additional dependencies to install python-requests_2.21.0-1_all.deb because all of the required dependencies will be installed from the default Ubuntu 20.04 repositories, and it's not necessary to install anything with pip because it's all done with one apt command.


How to set a background for Compiz expo plugin

It is not possible to set a background in the current state of the plugin. All you can do is change the background colour.

You should probably report a bug.


How to use Android Tablet as a display for Raspberry Pi 2 running ubuntu mate 15.10

Use the Android app Xserver XSDL, which you can install on your Android device from Play Store.

There are plenty of videos and other stuff on exactly how to set it up and run it, which is pretty easy.

It works very well and I was using cheap tablets as a touchscreen display for the Pi before the 7" dedicated Pi came along.

Using an X-server app on Android is much much more efficient than using VNC, since the graphic processing is done on the Android device - and not just duplicating the display that the Pi is also driving.


Ubuntu 18.04 boots to black screen without nvidia, tried lightdm, xfce, but nothing worked

[SOLVED] On 2018-July-25, an update asked me if i wanted to keep my old grub configuration file or use the one from the update. I said I wanted to update, and the problem was fixed. – Thiago Garcia 1 hour ago
lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-security-announce/2018-July/… Summary: A regression that caused boot failures was fixed in the Linux kernel. Details: USN-3695-1 fixed vulnerabilities in the Linux kernel for Ubuntu 18.04 LTS. Unfortunately, the fix for CVE-2018-1108 introduced a regression where insufficient early entropy prevented services from starting, leading in some situations to a failure to boot, This update addresses the issue.


Bug 12.10. No reply to the bug report or alternative to submit the report or bug not answered

If you have submitted the crash report, you have little options but wait for the developers to read and solve it. They are usually busy folks, but the bug will get a response, either from a real developer or from a robot processing it.

Note that the more likely answer is that the bug is a duplicate.

If you don't want to wait for a solution, you can only try to solve it yourself (if you have enough knowledge) or try to get someone with the knowledge to solve it (either paying or asking nicely once).

If you want better care you can always opt for pay support, but it doesn't come cheap. Please check what some option covers before buying it. If you want a developer ready to solve your bugs are soon as you find them, you will need to pay thousand of dollars/year.


Be sure Hibernate is turned off in Windows XP. If hiberfil.sys is present, boot aborts without explanation.


Ubuntu 16 - Free command Buffer/cache difference

Unused memory is wasted memory; so Ubuntu (generally Linux) tries to use it in the best way it can.
As I know, whenever you open a program, after closing it a lot of data related to its process still lives in memory in case that you run it again, so Linux doesn't have to load all that data again into your memory because it's already there.
As long as you have a lot of data in Buff/Cache you are safe to go, because actually that part will be freed immediately in case of need.
You can use vmstat -S M to see the buffer and cache separately. first see which one is having a higher value, then it's easier to guess what is happening.
Both bellow quotes are from here:

"Buffers" represent how much portion of RAM is dedicated to cache disk block.
"Cached" is similar like "Buffers", only this time it caches pages from file reading.

Which is quoted itself from here. And a more clear quote is:

Buffers are associated with a specific block device, and cover caching of filesystem metadata as well as tracking in-flight pages. The cache only contains parked file data.
The buffers remember what's in directories, what file permissions are, and keep track of what memory is being written from or read to for a particular block device. The cache only contains the contents of the files themselves.

Read more
In your case, I guess a large part of this 24G is related to cache, it may be caused by a specific service running on your system.


Formatted and lost 6 years worth of photo memories.. any way to get this back?

This answer may help you. It was for recovering data on an Android phone but I believe it would apply for hard drives as well.

From this answer, I have personally used PhotoRec.  Not the easiest to use as I had to use the command line ( a couple years ago anyway), but it works.


I found a satisfactory solution. It uses oh-my-zsh. There is a plugin called bg-notify which does exactly what the question asked for. It even sends a notification in the notification bar, along with an audio cue.


Using the terminal, how can I see the directory (and files) in an external HDD attached via USB port?

The topic that you're looking for is mounting . In the file manager you just click on the button to open it or detach the drive, but behind the scenes it uses udisksctl . Big advantage of this command is that it mounts as your user, and you don't have to specify whole lot of options, unlike the classic mount command.

For instance, to mount your usb drive, find device path with either lsblk or sudo blkid and then mount like so, for example,

udisksctl mount -b /dev/sdb1

Of course remember to replace sdb1 with the actual device name you want to mount.

Once the device is mounted successfully, it will be reported where it is mounted. For example,

skolodya@ubuntu:$ udisksctl mount -b /dev/sdb5
Mounted /dev/sdb5 at /media/xieerqi/0ca7543a-5463-4a07-8bbe-233a7b0bd625.

Then you could navigate to /media/$USER/folder-name and start exploring files and folders


I installed Ubuntu 20.04 as dual boot a couple days ago. I go to log into ubuntu and it says my password is incorrect

try this start your computer with a installation disk, and start with recovery mode! Then you are logged like root. You need to use passwd command for change the password for user.
passwd {user}


Noob Question - How to a make a patch work

You need to get the source of cdparanoia and apply the patch to cdparanoia.1 file.

I've tried to use the patch and I think it was failing for an absence of newline at the end. I added one and the patch was successful. Get the modified patch from this github gist

cdparanoia uses svn. So, if your patch file is saved as changes.patch and you're in a directory where cdparanoia.1 file resides, you'll do

patch -p0 < changes.patch

How to make and apply SVN patch?

After applying the patch, you need to compile the whole software. There is a README file instructing the process. Basically it is executing these commands sequentially

./configure
make
sudo make install


How do I use `sed` to strip the version information of a list of packages?

I posit that this is not possible to do in a practical way. Not with your list.

The problem of slicing off the numbers, or just selecting the text, or whatever version of kink you want to get inolved with, hyphens and numbers are perfectly valid characters in package names. Run dpkg -l | awk '$2~/-[0-9]/'. I see ~622 such packages on my 14.04 desktop. And no, these aren't the whole version numbers.

Let's look at some openjdk packages:

openjdk-6-jre:amd64             6b37-1.13.9-1ubuntu0.14.04.1
openjdk-6-jre-headless:amd64    6b37-1.13.9-1ubuntu0.14.04.1
openjdk-6-jre-lib               6b37-1.13.9-1ubuntu0.14.04.1
openjdk-7-jdk:amd64             7u91-2.6.3-0ubuntu0.14.04.1
openjdk-7-jre:amd64             7u91-2.6.3-0ubuntu0.14.04.1
openjdk-7-jre-headless:amd64    7u91-2.6.3-0ubuntu0.14.04.1
openjdk-7-jre-lib               7u91-2.6.3-0ubuntu0.14.04.1

I assume that if these are in your list they would display as:

openjdk-6-jre:amd64-6b37-1.13.9-1ubuntu0.14.04.1
openjdk-6-jre-headless:amd64-6b37-1.13.9-1ubuntu0.14.04.1
openjdk-6-jre-lib-6b37-1.13.9-1ubuntu0.14.04.1
openjdk-7-jdk:amd64-7u91-2.6.3-0ubuntu0.14.04.1
openjdk-7-jre:amd64-7u91-2.6.3-0ubuntu0.14.04.1
openjdk-7-jre-headless:amd64-7u91-2.6.3-0ubuntu0.14.04.1
openjdk-7-jre-lib-7u91-2.6.3-0ubuntu0.14.04.1

So perhaps now you can see why these are hard to extract. If you rip off anything past a number, you end up not being able to distinguish several sorts of package.

My advice is to get a better list with a proper delimiter that aren't allowed in package names. Spaces, commas, tabs, etc.


Stereo sound capture BUT one different device per chanel: MIC / Audio Output in Ubuntu

Bigger question that needs to be worked out first is - how can i create a working JACK sound system with all required audio recording sources? Answer to that is beyond scope of a short question on here

Assuming working JACK audio, audio recording settings in recordmydesktop:

will create the recording connections in JACK:

This is not a stereo mix. recording two sound sources in mono makes it easier to edit in post-production.

Recording all sources in stereo is possible by adding more connections in qjackctl, or using a mixer in JACK


How can I diagnose why do-release-upgrade wants to install a bunch of GUI-related packages on a server installation?

I have found the suspect package that was pulling in all of the GUI dependencies. In the end it was luck and human heuristics, nothing particularly systematic.
I used dpkg -l to list all packages installed on the system. As suggested in the comments of the question, I used apt-get remove --simulate <packagename> to see what removing each of them would do.
After trying many packages with no success, I ended up removing adwaita-icon-theme, which seemed to also take a bunch of gtk libs with it. Then running apt-get autoremove it removed a few other gir1 and gtk related packages. Now do-release-upgrade does seem to want to reinstall adwaita-icon-theme, but gnome and xorg and its ilk are all gone (and the new package count to be installed on upgrade has decreased from 507 to 241).


Chromium youtube videos show black screen, only audio no visual content of videos

I still don't know what is the problem but in one of facebook groups someone helped me to solve the problem

paste this on the address bar> chrome://flags

click enable on Override software rendering list Mac, Windows, Linux, Chrome OS, Android


/etc/sudoers file corrupted and I can't run 'pkexec visudo' over SSH

I ran into this problem also and with some digging, found a working solution. The original solution is from this github issue for NixOS by EstalillaJ.

Open two ssh sessions to the target server.

In the first session, get the PID of bash by running:
echo $$

In the second session, start the authentication agent with:
pkttyagent --process (pid from step 2)

Back in the first session, run:
pkexec visudo

In the second session, you will get the password prompt. visudo will start in the first session.


Why stuck in the ubuntu 13.04 installation?

I recommend you restart your installation and choose the Download Update while installing option and see if it works then.

If that does not work then it might be an issue with your bootable device so just redownload the IO and remake/reburn your CD/flash drive.


I believe this has been asked and answered already on ask ubuntu. Here is a link to the thread. Wireless card Realtek RTL8723AE-BT is not recognized. Hope that gives you the insight you need!


How to find the large directory which is reserving the biggest disk space?

In addition to the above, files that are open(2)ed for write will take up diskspace. I use bigopenfiles to see them.

alias bigopenfiles='sudo lsof / | awk '\''{if($7 > 1048576) print $7/1048576 "MB" " " $9 }'\'' | sort -n -u'

Other "invisible" files are those which programs open(2) O_TMPFILE option, or have been opened and unlink(2)ed.

alias deletedfiles='sudo lsof / | egrep '\''PID|\(deleted\)'\'''

For example,

walt@bat:~(0)$ bigopenfiles
lsof: WARNING: can't stat() fuse.gvfsd-fuse file system /run/user/1000/gvfs
      Output information may be incomplete.
0MB NAME
1.03851MB /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm-2.23.so
1.05076MB /usr/lib/firefox/browser/features/screenshots@mozilla.org.xpi
1.06348MB /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglib-2.0.so.0.4800.2
1.07173MB /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcairo.so.2.11400.6
1.07496MB /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libexempi.so.3.2.4
1.08072MB /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libunistring.so.0.1.2
1.0952MB /usr/lib/evolution/libevolution-calendar.so.0.0.0
1.10789MB /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcamel-1.2.so.54.0.0
1.11092MB /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/indicator-datetime/indicator-datetime-service
1.11611MB /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libprotobuf.so.9.0.1
1.12474MB /usr/sbin/ModemManager
...
walt@bat:~(0)$ deletedfiles
lsof: WARNING: can't stat() fuse.gvfsd-fuse file system /run/user/1000/gvfs
      Output information may be incomplete.
COMMAND     PID            USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE  SIZE/OFF    NODE NAME
mysqld     2233           mysql    4u   REG    8,5         0  651554 /tmp/ibjp8exA (deleted)
mysqld     2233           mysql    5u   REG    8,5         0  651560 /tmp/ibaGTQ9E (deleted)
mysqld     2233           mysql    6u   REG    8,5         0  651561 /tmp/ibzy9sMJ (deleted)
mysqld     2233           mysql    7u   REG    8,5         0  651575 /tmp/ibeDES4S (deleted)
mysqld     2233           mysql   11u   REG    8,5         0  651710 /tmp/ibZSq7P0 (deleted)
dropbox    6614            walt    7u   REG    8,5         0  651721 /tmp/#651721 (deleted)
gnome-ter  7035            walt   18u   REG    8,5     65536  655802 /tmp/#655802 (deleted)


Mounted ExFat Disk: No such file or directory

Well I found the culprit. Filenames with a colon are the issue.

Whenever I tried to copy a file with a colon in the name to or from the mounted disk it failed. Removing the colons fixed the issue.


Is it possible to stop .sudo_as_admin_successful being created?

Based on the following section of the plugins/sudoers/sudoers.c source code file, it doesn't look like it's possible without recompiling sudo, undefining the USE_ADMIN_FLAG pre-processor macro.

Also, note that it's checking for group membership of both admin and sudo. I haven't checked the changelog, but I suspect the latter check was added when sudo became the default group for privileged users - perhaps the filename still refers to admin for compatibility.

1229 #ifdef USE_ADMIN_FLAG
1230 static int
1231 create_admin_success_flag(void)
1232 {
1233     struct stat statbuf;
1234     char flagfile[PATH_MAX];
1235     int len, fd = -1;
1236     debug_decl(create_admin_success_flag, SUDOERS_DEBUG_PLUGIN)
1237
1238     /* Check whether the user is in the admin group. */
1239     if (!user_in_group(sudo_user.pw, "admin") &&
1240         !user_in_group(sudo_user.pw, "sudo"))
1241         debug_return_int(true);
1242
1243     /* Build path to flag file. */
1244     len = snprintf(flagfile, sizeof(flagfile), "%s/.sudo_as_admin_successful",
1245         user_dir);
1246     if (len <= 0 || (size_t)len >= sizeof(flagfile))
1247         debug_return_int(false);
1248
1249     /* Create admin flag file if it doesn't already exist. */
1250     if (set_perms(PERM_USER)) {
1251         if (stat(flagfile, &statbuf) != 0) {
1252             fd = open(flagfile, O_CREAT|O_WRONLY|O_EXCL, 0644);
1253             if (fd != -1)
1254                 close(fd);
1255         }
1256         if (!restore_perms())
1257             debug_return_int(-1);
1258     }
1259     debug_return_int(fd != -1);
1260 }
1261 #else /* !USE_ADMIN_FLAG */
1262 static int
1263 create_admin_success_flag(void)
1264 {
1265     /* STUB */
1266     return true;
1267 }
1268 #endif /* USE_ADMIN_FLAG */


From what I know,the Radeon HD 4xxx series is no longer supporter by Ubuntu 13.04.

I have HD 4350/4550 and after trying to do the same thing,Ubuntu got messed up,it recognized my display as a laptop and my resolution went from berserk,I couldn't see anything anymore except the middle of the screen...couldn't see the menus,the bars,anything.Had to reinstall in the end...so it might be something similar.


It sounds like your router does not resolve external host names (possibly a security measure?). Try another DNS server, like Google's Public DNS server:

# Contents of /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8


How do I get a Samsung SCX3200 multifunction printer/scanner working?

For 12.04
In 12. 04 the printer worked out of the box. To get the scanner working I didn't have to download anything. I just edited a few files:
I added to /lib/udev/rules.d/40-libsane.rules the following:
# Samsung SCX-3200
ATTRS{idVendor}=="04e8", ATTRS{idProduct}=="3441", ENV{libsane_matched}="yes"

And to /etc/sane.d/xerox_mfp.conf, I added
#Samsung SCX-3200
usb 0x04e8 0x3441

Then I did a
sudo service udev restart

Unplugged and plugged the scanner and all was working.
note: for SCX-3405 use 344f instead of 3441


Where is directory for keyboard indicator flag picture in GNOME 3?

Copy flags picture into /usr/share/pixmaps/flags and name it - us-symbolic.png.


How to install nvidia on ubuntu dual boot?

There is nothing to worry about when installing or removing software from Ubuntu. This will not affect Windows at all, as the two systems operate independently from each other.
The easiest way to install the Nvidia drivers would be to use the "Additional Drivers" tool:

Press the Super (Windows) key and type "Driver"
Click the "Additional Drivers" tab (if it's not already selected). Depending on which video card you have installed, you will be presented with a list of one or more drivers.

Select the NVIDIA diver you want to install and click on "Apply Changes"
Once the drivers are installed, reboot your machine

That's all there is to it.
After rebooting, you can access the Nvidia settings application by opening Terminal and typing this:
sudo nvidia-settings

This will open an application in sudo mode, allowing you to make changes to how and when your video card operates.

Hope this helps


Create new ssh user account to access specific folder only

You should be able to accomplish this with

adduser --home /var/www/specific_folder --shell /bin/bash --no-create-home --ingroup www-data --ingroup ssh tonya

adduser is used to add a user
--home specifies home directory which is where the user will be when they log in
--shell is to specify the shell, by default it is usually just /bin/sh which is not as user friendly as /bin/bash
--no-create-home will not create the home directory so you must use one that already exists
--ingroup adds the user to specified group
the last argument is the username

You could make the user jailed using this guide:

Restrict SSH User Access to Certain Directory Using Chrooted Jail

Please remember that even if you jail a user, it is very possible to escape a jail. If you're giving a user access to your system, you may as well be giving them root access because once they have shell access, it's almost always possible to gain root.  Setting up a jail will most likely keep a basic user from doing anything too harmful but will do little to nothing to stop a malicious user from doing harmful stuff.


Cannot set other resolution at VirtualBox guest: Elementary OS

I'd suggest to update the Guest additions with the VM package manager.
So login first into your VM and open a Terminal to type:

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-dkms virtualbox-guest-utils virtualbox-guest-x11

Finally restart the VM to complete the installation.

You should get higher resolutions using the guest additions provided by the packages.


Kernel panic - not syncing: no init found. Try passing init=option to kernel

In my case, the solution to this turned out to be disabling Secure Boot in the BIOS. Before doing this, I was not able to boot from my hard drive or from a Live DVD. However, I could boot from a live USB, so my symptoms were slightly different. Various distros each behaved a little differently, but none would fully boot and no solutions others had posted worked for me. This was a Lenovo x201 laptop formerly running Windows 7.


If you want to multiboot, you will need to create a partition for each distro's / (root) filesystem. You might also need a /home for each, to avoid different versions of applications getting confused over content in ~/.config and similar.


from https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/289481/line-across-the-entire-screen-that-occurs-only-when-running-xfce-with-a-dock-app

Uncheck Settings Manager > Window Manager Tweaks > Compositor > Show shadows under dock windows.


how to upgrade node.js from 4.2 to 6.11.0 on ubuntu 16.04

These commands did the job for me:

sudo npm cache clean -f
sudo npm install -g n
sudo n 6.11.0


sources.list with tilde symbol (sources.list ~) generated in /etc/apt directory

You did nothing wrong - every time when you edit the sources.list file or when you add or remove a repository, a backup of the old .list file gets generated with the ~ suffix, so in case you want to revert something later on, you can delete the new file and rename the old file by removing the "tilde".

If you don't want to keep the backup file, you can delete it by executing one of these commands :

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list~
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/<repository-file-name>.list~

The same you can do with the trusted.gpg~ file when you don't want to keep it in the system.


Is there a HTTPS server for official Ubuntu releases?

There is currently no official HTTPS mirror, which can be quickly determined by reviewing the HTML source code of https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+cdmirrors. The only HTTPS links are to other Launchpad sites, and any relative links obviously can't link to one of the mirrors.

However, you can download by torrent, which is actually relatively secure. Torrents include hashes for chunks, and through use in various P2P uses, have been strengthened from bad data injection and detection attacks, and so are quite safe.

While there may be unofficial HTTPS mirrors, they have the insecurity of being unofficial unless you get MD5 checksums from the official site and check these hashes with md5sum downloaded_file.iso on a machine which has the md5sum executable(any Ubuntu and most Linux, also Mac IIRC). You can also use a GUI hasher like md5summer for Windows, which is open-source.


Looks like a stdout buffering issue. You can turn it off before redirecting with:

stdbuf -o0

So use:

 ping www.doggiedooley.com | stdbuf -o0 grep -o "[[:digit:]]*.[[:digit:]]* ms" > ping.txt

Or use -c option of ping to limit sending packets.


How to match lines starting and ending with a digit and consisting of 1 to 6 characters?

The result is actually

12
12345
123456

Your regex means "A line consisting of 1 to 6 digits and nothing else" so 1@$%6 doesn't match.


how to permanantly install arduino ide 1.6.5?

Why not just install from the repositories?

sudo apt-get install arduino

Otherwise download the package, then in the directory of the download:

tar -xf arduino-1.6.5-r5-linux64.tar.xz
cd arduino-1.6.5-r5/
./arduino

To install it permamently (sort of) copy the contents of "arduino-1.6.5-r5" directory to somewhere (maybe $HOME/arduino") and  then copy the arduino.desktop file into $HOME/.local/share/application, edit it to contain the right pathes and you have it installed for your user "permanently".

#/usr/bin/env bash
# set variables for download
URL=https://www.arduino.cc/download.php?f=/arduino-nightly-linux64.tar.xz
DOWNLOAD="$HOME/Downloads/arduino-nightly.tar.xz"

# download file via wget from $URL to $DOWNLOAD
wget "$URL" -O "$DOWNLOAD"

# extract file to $HOME directory
tar xf "$DOWNLOAD" -C "$HOME"
# use sed to modify the provided arduino.desktop
# file and redirect the result into $HOME/.local.share/applications
# to be able to start from dash
# sed's replace command s/searchpattern/replacepattern/
# the slashes are replaced by '#' to not need to escape slashes in path
# replace placeholder "FULL_PATH" with install directory
sed "s#FULL_PATH#$HOME/arduino-nightly#" "$HOME/arduino-nightly/arduino.desktop" >"$HOME/.local/share/applications/arduino.desktop"

The script downloads the latest nightly build (website states hourly), extracts it to $HOME/arduino-nightly (that folder is in the tar, so I just used that) and copies the desktop file while modifying it. After logoff and logon you should be able to start it via the dash normally.


nmap is actually and application that is not installed by default, so it should be safe to remove it before upgrading your distro of Ubuntu.

sudo apt remove nmap

After you run through the upgrade you should be able to reinstall nmap later by running

sudo apt install nmap

Hope this helps!


How to get grub2 to alternate default between two choices?

Yes, it is possible. Write scripts that run automatically on boot, one for each OS ref, ref, that modify the boot default in grub:

The script that runs in Windows would set Ubuntu as the default boot ref, and
The script that runs in Ubuntu would set Windows as the default boot, ref.

All references are from SE (and googling similar concepts you can find quite a few similar others), so there is no need to copy the procedures here.
Please post feedback if you try the solutions and something does not work.


Is there any way I can update from the ISO/Live CD?

From the installer the only method that works:

"something else"
Mount / and do not pick "format" if /home/ is part of /.
Mount /home and do not pick "format".

You can also make a backup of /home/ (copy /home to an USB)(always a good idea to do). All your settings will be there (browser bookmarks for instance) so you could also re-install and then pick the settings from that backup.


Does a purchase from Ubuntu software center of World of Goo include updates and if so what is causing an unauthorized error message when updating?

I have received a notification from the developers of software-center-core on launchpad that this is a known bug and that they are in the process of resolving it.  The bug manifests itself In many different ways on the server side of Ubuntu software center and the primary thread discussing it can be found at:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/software-center/+bug/1008289

Update: As of 22nd June there is still no resolution to this problem.

Update: As of 29th June it appears that there is no solution from Ubuntu Software Center. It seems that there are just too many issues so I am now just going to ask for a refund and look back in a year or two when the store software is more mature.


How to install dolphin on Ubuntu 15.10 wily with Unity

Besides installing some packages below for Plasma 5 dolphin, I found  using dolphin4 instead of the default dolphin almost completely solves the icon problem. One disadvantage is a blank panel instead of the terminal. You can still press Shift + F4 to open a plain Konsole window in the current directory. But I find no difference in functionality from dolphin to dolphin4.

These are the packages I found so far for a fully functional Dolphin:

To show thumbnails:

  kio-extras

Maybe some of these are needed for video:

  kdegraphics-thumbnailers ffmpegthumbnailer

For the embedded terminal:

  konsole

I just discovered this one to show custom service menus:

  kde-baseapps

And the command to install them all:

  sudo apt-get -y install kio-extras kdegraphics-thumbnailers ffmpegthumbnailer konsole kde-baseapps

Now we only must find out how to show button icons! Maybe some icon package? Anyone? Thanks, Michaël, but oxygen-icon-theme doesn't fix it on my system. Sorry for replying here, I still don't have enough AskUbuntu reputation.


USB keyboard and mouse not working after upgrade of ubuntu 16.04 to ubuntu 16.10

Exactly same problem with upgrade from 16.04LTS to 16.10 on an Intel 64bit CPU, usb keyboard and mouse not working from startup.

Luckily, I had Putty remote terminal installed (recommended) on another computer on my LAN, so I could open a remote window. Also found a suggestion to enter:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall xserver-xorg-input-all

This worked perfectly. I had tried sudo apt update with no effect, but sudo apt upgrade produced an output along the lines that xorg was held back, so I was happy to see xorg involved in the reinstall.


Where can I find the Identifier of a computer to add as my friend in Empathy?

The first thing you'll want to do is determine what service you want to connect with. For example, your friend may have a gmail chat account, AIM account, AOL account, Facebook account. etc. You will also need an account with the same service as your friend.

Once you know what service you will be chatting through, you can select that in the window that pops up when you click add contact. It should be a menu list of various services.

The identifier is the name of the account for your friend, it's sort of like an email address. So for example, if you and your friend are going to connect via a gmail/google chat/XMPP service then his/her identifier might be his/her email address "something"@gmail.com. If you plan to use AIM accounts, then the identifier would be their AIM ID.

So first, determine the chat service you'll be using and then use the user account name as the identifier.

Hope that helps.


Radeon 9200 and Unity problems after adding xorg-edgers PPA

You will need to install ppa-purge if it hasn't already been installed:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge

The usual syntax to use this is

sudo ppa-purge ppa:[foo]

where [foo] is the PPA to remove.

Thus for the xorg-edgers PPA you should use

sudo ppa-purge ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa

As to your general graphical issues with edgers - you should read their front-page

It makes it clear that the PPA is highly unstable.

Some people have found that installing the proprietary drivers resolves slow/laggy windows.  If you want help with this look for a question with the model of your graphics card - and if you cannot find one, create another question.

One of the comments in this question (slightly newer version of your 9200) - if correct - indicates that you might have to stick with the opensource drivers that are installed by default.

If this is the case - using Unity 2D (logout and change the session) might be a better bet to resolve your laggy graphics issues.

To find the exact model name of your graphics card - in a terminal type:

lspci | grep VGA


Recreate the *.desktop files at /usr/share/applications/

You can obtain a list of packages that think they own files in the directory using dpkg -S e.g.:

dpkg -S /usr/share/applications

Then re-install each one:

sudo apt install --reinstall <package>

There are ways to automate that by processing the dpkg output - but doing it by hand will be a reminder to be more careful.


Since interpretation of $variable and ~ are done by the shell, you could simply have the shell do the work. That is:

read -p "input variable: " variable
variable="$(eval echo $variable)"


How can I stretch shell terminal (CLI) window to fill the entire screen on Ubuntu in VMWare?

In your terminal press F11 to make your terminal full screen.

You can also switch to a tty using Ctrl+Alt+Fx, where Fx can be F1, F2, ...


Unable to perform sudo apt -get , how to solve?

You have a space between "apt" and "-get"; "apt-get" is the command you are trying to use. So:

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get install apache2
apt-get remove apache2

etc etc..

Alternatively, you can use "apt" to manage packages. I use it in 16.04 and it has a few extras which make it my go to package manager over apt-get:

apt update
apt upgrade
apt install apache2
apt remove apache2

etc etc.


What you have done is correct. Just put the php files in the relavent folder to get it working.

The apache server's root is at /var/www/html. Make sure your place the local website in that location to get it working. You can also change the root server directory and restart the server, if needed.


In Ubuntu 13.04 backspace button in nautilus not working?

If it is just the backspace key you need, there are other alternatices that to downgrade to an older version. Please check out this
Bring back `BackSpace` Keyboard Shortcuts on nautilus and thunar


Monitor connected to HDMI port does not work

Monitor power off, unplug, plug back, power on

This works for the monitor directly connected by HDMI or Display Port to the computer.

It is important to completely unplug the monitor. Just powering off using the button on the monitor does not seem to work.

Hope this helps


Have you tried reinstalling your monitor driver?

OR

your monitor itself has its own power save options! Check just to be sure...

Oh! I just found something that may solve your problem...

1) Open the 'Ubuntu Software Center'
2) Then type in 'ARandR'... find it and install it

Fingers crossed :)


Yes, simply place an image file named .face in /etc/skel.

sudo cp new_photo.jpg /etc/skel/.face

NOTE: Not all image formats will work, so stick to PNG and JPEG.

The /etc/skel directory contains files and directories that are automatically copied over to a new user's home directory when the user is created.

  The name of the directory skel is derived from the word skeleton, because the files it contains form the basic structure for users' home directories.

Source: http://www.linfo.org/etc_skel.html


no difference between runlevel 3 and 5 in ubuntu 15.04

According to the Debian Policy Manual, by default there's no difference between runlevels 2 to 5 and runlevel customization is up to the system administrator:

  By default update-rc.d will start services in each of the multi-user state runlevels (2, 3, 4, and 5) and stop them in the halt runlevel (0), the single-user runlevel (1) and the reboot runlevel (6). The system administrator will have the opportunity to customize runlevels by simply adding, moving, or removing the symbolic links in /etc/rcn.d if symbolic links are being used, or by modifying /etc/runlevel.conf if the file-rc method is being used.


How do I decrypt a home folder from another machine using fscrypt?

What you need is a new protector for your disk.

fscrypt has two important terms: Protectors and policies. Protectors are secrets used to protect the data. Policies are the actual key that encrypts the data. In other words, you have protectors that can open the policies that in turn decrypt the data.

On the machine1, add a new protector with the following command:
sudo fscrypt metadata create protector /mnt/hd1. Choose custom passphrase.

Using fscrypt status /mnt/hd1, look up the ids from the newly created protector and the existing policy.

Add this newly created protector to the policy with sudo fscrypt metadata add-protector-to-policy --protector=/mnt/hd1:[protector_id] --policy=/mnt/hd1:[policy_id] (replacing the ids with the ones you got before). Select the login and input the passphrase here.

With fscrypt status /mnt/hd1 you should see that the policy now has the new protector. On machine2 you should be able to unlock the directory with fscrypt unlock /mnt/hd1/home/user1, using the newly created passphrase.


How can I create a multi-boot USB with persistence?

Ventoy
Ventoy will accomplish all three easily:

Ventoy will boot the Windows installer ISO. If you want to actually run Windows from USB, Rufus has an option to install Windows to Go. it takes hours and hours to install.

Ventoy will boot an ISO either Live or Persistent modes. It will boot multiple ISO's.

Ventoy will make persistence files greater than 4GB and having exFAT file system has "unlimited storage". Information on the persistence plugin is on this page: https://www.ventoy.net/en/plugin_persistence.html

If you want help with persistence me know.


While there is no actual documentation for the current form of the apiclient, reading the source for the signature of the post() method:

def post(self, path, op, as_json=False, **kwargs):
    """Dispatch POST method `op` on `path`, with the given parameters.

    :param as_json: Instead of POSTing the content as multipart/form-data
        POST it as application/json
    :return: The result of the dispatch_query call on the dispatcher.
    """

That suggests that any data you provide needs to be submitted as kwargs; as below:

maas_access.post(u"users/", "new", **data)

There is one more problem with your data, though, which is that you are submitting an integer as an argument; instead, submit it as the string '0':

data = {'username':'murali', 'email':'muralidharan.s@poornam.com',
     'password':'murali', 'is_superuser': '0'}
maas_access.post(u"users/", "new", **data)

Finally, note that that API is insecure as it supplies the password as plaintext, as indicated in the API documentation.

See http://blog.allenap.me/2013/06/workaround-for-uploading-files-to-maas.html for a more complete example of using the client's post() API.


Have Banshee change folder structures inside music folder after editing MP3 meta-data

In order for Banshee to rename your folders when you update metadata, you need to go into Banshee's preferences (Edit > Preferences) and enable "Update file and folder names".


How do I know whether Ubuntu has in-built drivers for 82845 graphic controller and how to get it if it isn't?

Are you talking about screen resolution? Icon size? Background image positioning?

Those should be configurable, you should check on your display settings and appearance as well. Look for them on your System menu.

The Intel graphic driver is already installed, so it is not really the problem.


Detailed steps to install and use gdrive can be found in this web page  or this one.
Specifically, to download a folder the first step is to get it's ID using this command :

gdrive list --query "mimeType = 'application/vnd.google-apps.folder'"

Then, just download your folder with this command :

gdrive download --recursive '<folderID>'


How to do I deploy OpenStack Icehouse using Juju?

The Icehouse charms are in the Juju Charm Store, in certain cases they might be in the ~openstack-charmers namespace:

This page has the information:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/TrustyTahr/ReleaseNotes/OpenStackCharms

If you install charm-tools you can use the charm command to get the source code of these charms for your current series, or you can be explicit, like so:

charm get cinder
charm get precise/cinder
charm get trusty/cinder


How can a Nautilus script be run for an empty directory?

You can't because of a bug reported here. If they fix the bug, you can do it. The importance of that bug is set to Low, so I wouldn't count on it for a moment, though.

In the mean time, you can go back to the parent directory and right-click on the empty directory you want to affect.

For example, if you want to use your script on ~/foo/bar/, go to ~/foo/ and right-click on bar.


How to SEMI-automatically mount encrypted disk at log in

Give a partition such as /dev/sdb1, you can use fstab to automatically mount the partitions during boot stage.

With fstab you can automatically mount it using a secret key or do it manually and you will be asked for a passphrase.

Edit /etc/fstab and add a line with the following format:

    [Virtual Device]     [mount point]

For instance:

    /dev/mapper/secretdisk          /mnt/secret

Next edit /etc/crypttab. Here we are providing the LUKS device name, the mapped partition and the key file location (optional).  Since you don't want to automatically mount the partition you don't want to use a key file. Instead you should use the keyword none.

    secretdisk    /dev/sdb1    none

Reboot and you should see the prompt asking for the passphrase.


Text box hiding behind image in libre office draw

Right click on the image -> arrange --> send to back


LibreOffice toolbar icons went blank after application hanged

Open the "LibreOffice" application (not Writer or Calc or any other individual application).
Go to Tools > Options > View (or press alt+f12 and then select View).
Select a different option (for example Breeze) in the box next to "Icon style:" and click on OK.

Then Open LibreOffice Writer (or Calc etc.) and see if the icons are visible now. If not, try selecting another "Icon style" following the steps above.


Try unplugging and plugging it back it or switching to a different mouse.

I am having the same problem but my mouse is not wireless.  It's a simple Dell USB mouse.  Machine is HP elite 477c, 8 GB RAM, i5, running Ubuntu 12.10. It doesn't freeze as often as 60-9090 seconds but it is often enough it is aggravating and makes playing games especially difficult. USB keyboard still works and programs seems responsive.  My guaranteed fix is to unplug the mouse and plug it back in.

While that is hardly a solution to the problem I did switch to a wireless mouse several hours ago and it hasn't locked up.  Insistently I swapped with another PC here running Windows and neither have a problem now.


Gedits gedit-latex-plugin not working correctly

I guess you have got some tex environment (like texlive) installed (if you're not sure, try executing tex --version or latex --version in a terminal).
If so, you might want to check the directory where you saved your .tex file and see if (upon executing latex) any files were created.
There should at least be a log file which you could check.


Start firefox in fullscreen using wmctrl

Changing the default size of the Firefox window is easy. Just change the settings of the file xulstore.json in your Firefox profile (while Firefox is closed).
For instance I changed the settings as follows, as the resolution of my screen is 1920x1080:
"main-window":{"screenX":"0","screenY":"0","width":"1920","height":"1080","sizemode":"maximized"}
However, I am not sure if you really refer to the fullscreen mode or if you rather refer to the resolution.
I have for instance a mini PC with Linux on it for the TV device where I almost only use Firefox. As the PC is very slow but I don’t want to decommission it yet, I want to start Firefox only so that there are no other X applications running in the background, like startx firefox instead of startx only.
I found the solution here:
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/227876/how-to-set-custom-resolution-using-xrandr-when-the-resolution-is-not-available-i
The solution was to put the necessary xrandr commands either in the /etc/X11/Xsession or in the ~/.xinit file.
Then in the folder /usr/share/xsessions/ I created a file “firefox.desktop" with the following entries:
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=firefox
Name=Firefox
Comment=Start Firefox only

Like that, instead of starting my favourite window manager XFCE, I can select Firefox.
Nevertheless, there are still some problems. It is for instance not possible to use the Firefox Menu properly, because when I click on something it immediately closes again. Secondly, there is still an unused section on the background, so Firefox still doesn’t use the full height of 1080px. I suppose Firefox is simply not able to start completely alone.
Therefore, finally I decided to install the very lightweight Windows Manager Awesome (sudo apt install awesome).
Then, to enable autostart of Firefox in awesome, I entered the following code at the very end of the configuration file /etc/xdg/awesome/rc.lua (make a backup of that file before doing that).
autorun = true
autorunApps =
{
   "firefox",
}
if autorun then
   for app = 1, #autorunApps do
       awful.util.spawn(autorunApps[app])
   end
end

Now it starts awesome + Firefox. The performance of videos is now much better than on XFCE, which is a leightweight window manager, but in comparison to awesome, it is actually heavy.
Finally, to shut down the system, I enter the shortcut “Mod4 (Windows) + Shift + q” to get back to the login console and shut down from there.
I hope that helps.


Dlink DWA-125 connection quality always 0

It is a bug with the original module but there are updates from Larry Finger
sudo apt-get install git dkms build-essential linux-headers-$(uname -r)
git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8188eu.git
sudo dkms add ./rtl8188eu
sudo dkms build 8188eu/1.0
sudo dkms install 8188eu/1.0

Reboot


This is not related to my other issue and so I assume this is not an issue at all.


Remmina successfully connects but window closes

I solved it: I cannot login from the local system with the same user account which is already log on the remote system.


How do a resolve the error where Microsoft Reserved Partition isn't detected?

This doesn't require a resolution.  Let Windows manage windows partitions.
Also, the Microsoft Reserved partition shouldn't be re-partitioned or messed with.  It is not your main Windows partition - it is a partition reserved by Windows for booting, I believe.  If you want to re-allocate space for Windows, then you need to extend or shrink the larger NTFS partition that represents your windows drive.
FWIW, my Gparted shows exactly the same thing yours does.  My reserved partition is 16 MB (Mega, not Giga) - I presume yours is also quite small.  The next partition on my disk is my main Windows data partition, which is around 125 GB for me.


Can't boot into Ubuntu Touch on Nexus 7 (grouper)

I thought I had the same issue and the warning messages scared me, but I just waited a bit longer and it eventually continues on its own.  I had to wait almost 10 minutes for that first screen to pass the:

E: Can't open /cache /recovery/ubuntu_command
Can't find autodeploy.zip

message.  Maybe give it some more time.


"If I change own_window_type to 'normal' it have transparency and doesn't disappear on clicking on desktop but it minimize when I click on show desktop button and doesn't recover (still running)."

Do not minimize on Show Desktop

Using Compiz: If the 'Show Desktop' button or key-binding minimizes Conky along with all other windows, start the Compiz configuration settings manager, go to "General Options" and uncheck the "Hide Skip Taskbar Windows" option.

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/conky


Graphics issues after/while installing Ubuntu 16.04/16.10 with NVIDIA graphics

Please be aware that this answer may become slightly outdated. I will do my best to update it regularly, but I can't guarantee anything. The driver version used below may not be the latest. Please check the Launchpad page to confirm.

Each of the issues described (and maybe even more) can be fixed by following the steps below.

If you're installing Ubuntu, follow section 3.

1. First make sure you can enter a TTY

Press Ctrl+Alt+F1

If this brings you to a black screen with a login prompt, continue on. Otherwise, you will likely have to boot with a special kernel flag. Instructions are below.

2. Now for the fix

Log into your account in the TTY.
Run sudo apt-get purge nvidia-*
Run sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa and then sudo apt-get update.
Run sudo apt-get install nvidia-driver-430.
Reboot and your graphics issue should be fixed.

3. If you are unable to enter a TTY or are trying to install Ubuntu

Reboot into GRUB.
Highlight the Ubuntu option and press E.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the line beginning with linux.
Press F10 to boot.
Follow the instructions above.

(If installing Ubuntu, ignore this step, but follow the rest of the tutorial after the installation is finished.)

This solution should fix many problems described by users after an upgrade to 16.04. If a fresh install is affected, the solution is the same.

If you run into problems afterward, you should ask a different question. (Refer to this question so that we know it isn't a duplicate.) However, there are a few other small fixes you can try out before you do.

Reinstall Xorg

Go back into the TTY and run sudo apt-get purge xorg-* xserver-xorg; sudo apt-get install xorg xserver-xorg; sudo dpkg-reconfigure xorg.

Reinstall your desktop environment

If on Unity, run sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-desktop; sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop.
If on GNOME run sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-gnome-desktop gnome-desktop-environment; sudo apt-get install ubuntu-gnome-desktop.
If on MATE run sudo apt-get purge ubuntu-mate-desktop mate-desktop-environment; sudo apt-get install ubuntu-mate-desktop
Each Ubuntu DE has its own package name. If you have KDE or something else, the name should be similar to the ones above.

Fresh reinstall

It's not the most inviting option, but sometimes it's the best thing to do in cases like this.

Please remember that there are a lot of things that can go wrong, and this is not a guaranteed fix for everything. Even if you are experiencing something listed in the question, the solution may not fully work for you.

This answer is merely for driver issues with 16.04 and nVIDIA. Your issue may go deeper than a bad driver.

Other issues after the fix

If you get to a working display, but run into a login loop (you login and get returned to the login screen), take a look here.


OpenVPN servers are generally configured to push certain routes to the VPN clients. Depending on how the VPN server is configured, it could be pushing all network connectivity through the VPN... thus subjecting yourself to the network restrictions on the other end...

I'm unsure sure how your proxy configuration takes part in your scenario, so I will try to point you in the right direction from a routing/switching (layer 3) perspective.

In this example, lets assume:

10.10.1.1 is the other end of the OpenVPN tunnel
10.10.1.0/24 is the subnet you need to access through OpenVPN
192.168.10.0 is your local LAN subnet
192.168.10.1 is your local LAN gateway

After you've connected to the OpenVPN, take a look at your routing table:

    route -n

If the gateway of last resort (aka. "Destination 0.0.0.0") is still pointed to your local LAN gateway (192.168.10.1), then your Internet connection is likely not routed through OpenVPN (assuming you do not have any proxy settings configured).

If the gateway of last resort is pointed through the VPN tunnel (10.10.1.1), you could try manually changing the routes to point last-resort network traffic to your local LAN gateway:

    Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Iface
    0.0.0.0         10.10.1.1       0.0.0.0         tun0
    192.168.10.0    192.168.10.1    255.255.255.0   eth0

In this scenario, all internet traffic is traveling through the VPN ("tun0"). If you only need access to 10.10.1.0/24 through the VPN, then you could manually change the route on your computer:

    route add -net 10.10.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 10.10.1.1
    route del -net 0.0.0.0 netmask 0.0.0.0 gw 10.10.1.1
    route add -net 0.0.0.0 netmask 0.0.0.0 gw 192.168.10.1

This will (1) push traffic destined for 10.10.1.0/24 through OpenVPN (2) remove 10.10.1.1 as the last-resort gateway and (3) make 192.168.10.1 the last-resort gateway.

    Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Iface
    0.0.0.0         192.168.10.1    0.0.0.0         eth0
    192.168.10.0    192.168.10.1    255.255.255.0   eth0
    10.10.1.0       10.10.1.1       255.255.255.0   tun0


You can detect that a subprocess has ended by trapping the SIGCHLD signal.


The option to limit file size is

--max-size=SIZE

Where SIZE is your actual file size limit, you can use KB MB or GB as your units.
I'm not sure if TB is supported, as a unit, but if you want to test your rsync command use the option:

--dry-run


How to configure iGPU for xserver and nvidia GPU for CUDA work

I first installed NVIDIA drivers and CUDA packages following this guide. Except, after a reboot I ended up with /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg showing up in the output of nvidia-smi. This wasn't good, since I needed to have all of NVIDIA GPU RAM available to my work.
After some research I found a solution that solved my problem:
I created /etc/X11/xorg.conf with the following content:
Section "Device"
    Identifier      "intel"
    Driver          "intel"
    BusId           "PCI:0:2:0"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier      "intel"
    Device          "intel"
EndSection

(if you try to do the same, make sure to check where your GPU is. Mine was on 00:02.0 which translates to PCI:0:2:0)
% lspci  | grep VGA
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Device 3e92
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP104 (rev a1)

After rebooting, xorg and other programs no longer appeared in the output of nvidia-smi. And I was able to use pytorch with CUDA-10.0.
Note, that I still have all the NVIDIA drivers installed, but they don't interfere.

update: for Ubuntu 20.04 some extra changes are needed for this to work. You will find the full details here.


Could not find python Interpreter - Opencv cmake error

/usr/bin/python

is a symlink.

Try

ls -l /usr/bin/python

It's probably pointing to python2.7

You need to do (as root)

ln -f -s /usr/bin/python3.4 /usr/bin/python

This will delete the old symlink (because of the -f) and make a new one pointing to python3.4.

Unfortunately there are some incompatibilities between python version 2 and python version 3, so the above instructions may break some other applications. If you see that problem, you might try upgrading your version of cmake. cmake seems to look for a python interpreter using a list in the file

/usr/share/cmake-<version>/Modules/FindPythonInterp.cmake

If you have an older version of this file which contains a line like

set(_PYTHON3_VERSIONS 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0)

you could try editing it to

set(_PYTHON3_VERSIONS 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0)

I haven't tried this myself as I have a newer version of cmake, but it should be worth a try.


Is there a way to make 32-bit Mozilla Seamonkey work in a 64-bit XUbuntu 14.04?

I decided to troubleshoot the problem myself and finally found a workaround.

The first thing you have to do is to activate support for the installation of 32-bit applications in your 64-bit system. You do this by running this shell command:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

After that, all you have to do is to update the APT database:

sudo apt-get update

...and then run the command below in order to install the 32-bit libraries required by Mozilla SeaMonkey:

sudo apt-get install libdbus-glib-1.2:i386 libxt6:i386 libxcomposite1:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libgtk2.0.0:i386 libasound2:i386 -y --reinstall

APT will then solve some dependencies and install them along with the libraries installed by the command above.

I did it in 64-bit XUbuntu versions 14.04 and 16.04 and it worked like a charm: now I can run the official 32-bit build of Mozilla SeaMonkey on my 64-bit system.


The reason why 11M works better than 54M is that at different rates the signal power (and the range) is different. The slower the better range.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11b-1999#Range