Type C acute (Ć, ć) on Ubuntu MATE 20.04 LTS

I would like to see a real answer to this (or at least somebody pointing to the change in Ubuntu that resulted in this behavior, because if I knew where the change was made, I could suggest a fix), but for now here's a work around.
I'm using XCompose to set each keybidings and Ubuntu 20.04 and derivatives (Linux Mint 20) seem to ignore/override the <acute><c> sequence and always generate the cedilla (ç), even when you have it set to generate Latin Letter C with Acute (ć). BUT you can set a different key sequence to still generate Latin Letter C with Acute. I've used <semicolon><c> because <comma><c> also appears to be ignored.
Here is the relevant part of my .XCompose file:
# see http://askubuntu.com/a/71335
include "%L"   # import the default Compose file for your locale

<Multi_key> <apostrophe> <C>        : "Ć"   U0106 # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH ACUTE
<Multi_key> <C> <apostrophe>        : "Ć"   U0106 # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH ACUTE
<Multi_key> <apostrophe> <c>            : "ć"   U0107 # LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH ACUTE
<Multi_key> <c> <apostrophe>            : "ć"   U0107 # LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH ACUTE

# Newer Ubuntu versions seem to have a hard override of the above, so here's plan B
<Multi_key> <semicolon> <C>         : "Ć"   U0106 # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH ACUTE
<Multi_key> <C> <semicolon>         : "Ć"   U0106 # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH ACUTE
<Multi_key> <semicolon> <c>             : "ć"   U0107 # LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH ACUTE
<Multi_key> <c> <semicolon>         : "ć"   U0107 # LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH ACUTE

For setting up an XCompose file, see this answer to a different question.


Minimal system or minimal virtual machine on install?

Default server = Server kernel + "Basic Ubuntu server" task packages
Minimal system = Server kernel + no additional packages
Virtual machine = Virtual kernel + no additional packages

Virtual kernel is a more lightweight version of the kernel with several modules like audio and SATA left out. In VirtualBox you need to modify the guest VM settings first if you want to use a "minimal virtual machine" (otherwise the Ubuntu guest will crash):

Enable PAE/NX
Delete the SATA Controller and use SCSI Controller to add the hard disk. Enable host I/O cache.


This question has an accepted answer, but I wanted to add some details that stumped me and that might help others when applying this info to Ubuntu 18.04 Server.

While 18.04 desktop (and perhaps some other offshoots) use NetworkManager as covered in the other answer, the server release uses a mix of systemd-networkd and dhclient.

(netplan is a higher-level system, and is what calls either NetworkManager or systemd - so it is relevant regardless of which type of Ubuntu your running)

As noted in a different SE question (https://superuser.com/q/1338510/312285) you can pull a high level log of DHCP activity by using a systemd dumping tool called, journalctl.

On my system a journalctl | grep -Ei 'dhcp' gives output that looks like this:

[...]
Jan 10 23:26:35 ip-10-215-153-240 dhclient[576]: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.3.5
Jan 10 23:26:35 ip-10-215-153-240 dhclient[576]: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Jan 10 23:26:35 ip-10-215-153-240 dhclient[576]: DHCPDISCOVER on ens5 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3 (xid=0x13d08672)
Jan 10 23:26:35 ip-10-215-153-240 dhclient[576]: DHCPREQUEST of 10.215.153.240 on ens5 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x7286d013)
Jan 10 23:26:35 ip-10-215-153-240 dhclient[576]: DHCPOFFER of 10.215.153.240 from 10.215.153.193
Jan 10 23:26:35 ip-10-215-153-240 dhclient[576]: DHCPACK of 10.215.153.240 from 10.215.153.193
Jan 10 23:26:37 ip-10-215-153-240 systemd-networkd[594]: ens5: DHCPv4 address 10.215.153.240/26 via 10.215.153.193
[...]

Then, as noted by doug-smythies, a netplan ip leases can be run on the interfaces listed to get the lower level data.

So for above, a netplan ip leases ens5 gives:

# This is private data. Do not parse.
ADDRESS=10.215.153.240
NETMASK=255.255.255.192
ROUTER=10.215.153.193
SERVER_ADDRESS=10.215.153.193
BROADCAST=10.215.153.255
MTU=9001
T1=1800
T2=3150
LIFETIME=3600
DNS=10.215.152.2
DOMAINNAME=ec2.internal
HOSTNAME=ip-10-215-153-240
CLIENTID=xxxxx


finding local time and date from internet using command line

solution that does not require jq (not pre-packed) :

curl -s "http://worldtimeapi.org/api/ip" | cut -f12,13,14 -d ':' | cut -c 2-

if you don't necessarily need internet time then it would be :

echo $(date)

also with date you can pretty it up to the format you want :

echo $(date --rfc-3339=seconds)


Can't launch ubuntu on chromebook after restarting

Open up the Crosh in chrome, Then type in

  shell

After typing that in type in

  sudo sh ~/Downloads/crouton -n precise -u

Then you may start up the environment by typing in

  Sudo startunity


You can't edit apache configuration file without root privilege. Use sudo to run vim:

sudo vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/laravel.example.com.conf


OK. After a few days of research I found the answer. I enabled the screen reader for the install from the live DVD. It did not, however, enable all the accessibility features like a normal ubuntu install does. It was starting GDM but just wasn't talking to me. I just needed to use the Ubuntu screen reader hot keys to get it to talk on login from that point on. Just press Super(Windows)+alt+S and the screen reader will start on the login screen.


How can I make sure my server is connecting through my router?

Fixed it, turns out the link is working. It just fails to connect me from my LAN. (Meaning outside computers can see it but not ones on the same router)


I need to reset my computer's ip address to dhcp from static

Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

sudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

You will see this:

auto eth0
   iface eth0 inet static
   address 10.0.0.100
   netmask 255.255.255.0
   network 10.0.0.1
   broadcast 10.0.0.255
   gateway 46.185.128.91

Replace it with:

auto eth0
   iface eth0 inet dhcp

Then restart networking components.

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart


First, Ubuntu 10.04 is ancient. The desktop version is reaching end-of-life status in just four months, according to the Ubuntu releases page. IMHO, unless you've got a compelling reason for using it, you're better off using 12.04 or 12.10. In fact, 12.10 has a pretty compelling advantage because it ships with a post-3.3.0 kernel, which means that it can boot in EFI mode without the help of a separate boot loader.

Second, the instructions to which you linked seem to describe setting Ubuntu up to boot in BIOS mode. Although this is the traditional way to do it, it's got a lot of drawbacks. IMHO, if your system works properly booting Linux in EFI mode, that's a better way to do it. OTOH, since you've also got Windows XP booting in BIOS mode, you'll get less benefit from booting Linux in EFI mode than you would on a two-OS (Linux and OS X) installation.

My suspicion is that you've got problems because of your BIOS-mode GRUB installation. You don't seem to have a BIOS Boot Partition, which helps out with GRUB. You may need to create such a partition and re-install GRUB. This will likely disrupt your hybrid MBR setup, though, so be prepared to re-create it with gptsync or gdisk.

Alternatively, you could convert your system to boot in EFI mode. My Web page on the topic describes how. You've already done most of what's described there, so you should be able to pick up with "Fixing the Installation" (or even a good chunk of the way through it -- say, step #13).


Why does second terminal tab prompt bundle install

I was facing some problems but didn't find the perfect solution.

But you use the following thing to avoid your repetitive task of changing directory then use rails c, sidekiq rails command.

open your .bash_profile file using the following commands.

cd ~
nano .bash_profile

Then add the following code at the end of your bash_profile file

current_dir=$(pwd)
cd $current_dir


How to read Synology Drive NTFS folder in Ubuntu

Apparently it is because of a feature called 'On Demand Sync',

  On-demand Sync is an option for configuring Synology Drive sync task between a computer and your Synology NAS, and is currently available on Windows 10 version 1809 and above. While regular synchronization tasks sync an identical copy of files to your local computers, On-demand Sync only syncs file lists to your local computers. The files are downloaded to your local computers only when you open, modify, or pin a local copy to your computer.

source: https://www.synology.com/en-us/knowledgebase/DSM/tutorial/Collaboration/What_is_On-demand_Sync

What I had to do is (in Windows) unlink the current SynologyDrive folder to Synology Drive Client, create a new connection and uncheck the 'On Demand Sync' option. That new folder became available for me in Ubuntu.


BASH: Basic if then and variable assignment set a Cron Job

There's couple problems with your script.

1. Unquoted $check variable

In this part,

{
  echo $check
} | crontab -u ubuntu -

echo $check will expand to echo */$2 * * * * <other text here> , but bash * will  perform filename expansion to the contents of the current working directory of the script on each of the glob star symbols. Thus, effectively, your crontab receives completely incorrect final string.

2. Potential null variable

Your $check variable set if and only if $b is greater than 1. Well, what happens when $b is 1 ?  your variable won't be set.

if [ $b -gt 1 ];
then
     check="*/$a * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/requests/check.php > /dev/null"
fi

That also means when you echo the variable, your crontab command will receive a null string. Thus, you might want to implement another if statement there to check whether $check variable is null, like

if [ "x$check" != "x"  ];
then
    echo "$check" | crontab -u ubuntu -
fi

And of course, please please please, for the love of shell scripting , quote your string variables.

As requested in the comments, multiple entries could be output to crontab in a similar fashion:

$ check1="*/2 * * * * bash -c 'wall <<< \"check1\"'"

$ check2="*/2 * * * * bash -c 'wall <<< \"check1\"'"

$ printf "%s\n" "$check1" "$check2" | crontab -u $USER -

The idea here is that printf keeps processing arguments until all are exhausted so it's basically same as a for loop. Alternatively, one could append each desired crontab string into array, and iterate using for loop via that same array.


Simply hit start and type "keyboard" and hit enter to launch the keyboard preferences app.  Then click the "Shortcuts" tab.  From this dialogue you can remap the key commands that are the issue, and then the custom Facebook, etc. commands should work.  However, it seems likely that this is a "Windows only" sort of feature, in which case the commands won't work on a Linux box.


To flush ALL your rules use:

sudo iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT
sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
sudo iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
sudo iptables -F
sudo iptables -X
sudo iptables -t nat -F
sudo iptables -t nat -X
sudo iptables -t mangle -F
sudo iptables -t mangle -X


How do I get my Mac to boot from an Ubuntu USB key?

Short answer:  You can't.  Apple doesn't want you to boot an OS other than OS X off USB.  If your Mac has a working optical drive, use it.  It will save you pain.  If you have a newer Mac (64 bit), just remember to use the Mac iso(amd64+mac), not the regular amd64 iso.  (See this for an explanation of the difference)

Longer answer:  (Ok, I lied above.)  You can, but "it's complicated".  One method that has worked for a number of people is to dd the bootable USB key to its own partition on your hard drive and then boot off that partition.  The basic method is explained nicely here.

This doesn't always work, even on the same hardware.  In particular, if you have a MacBook Air, which doesn't have an optical drive, then the forums are filled with posts of trying the dd-to-a-partition trick and failing.  For MacBook Air owners, it is strongly advised to obtain a MacBook Air SuperDrive (no, a regular USB CD/DVD drive does not suffice) and then use that to install through the usual CD route (using the Mac iso for a 64 bit install).

Lastly, this USB method actually worked(!) to install 11.10 onto my MacBook Air 3,1 (late 2010 model).  However, I expect some modification is needed to work on other versions of the Air, not to mention other Macs.


i3wm open 2 applications with one keybinding?

Yes. You can chain i3 commands by passing a list, which is separated by either , or ;. For example, this will open a terminal and xclock on pressing Super+x:

bindkey Mod4+x exec i3-sensible-terminal; exec xclock

Note: while exec i3-sensible-terminal will be run before exec xclock, there is no guarantee that the window for i3-sensible-terminal will open before the window of xclock. That is due to the fact that exec does not wait for a window to be mapped before returning. (In fact it can not wait, as there is no way to know, if an application is even going to open a window.)

For more information about command chaining have a look at the i3 User's Guide


Battery led blinking red on Asus N550JV with Ubuntu 12.04

This is probably a manifestation of the same problem I had:

Mouse and keyboard input stutter 13.10 only on AC power

It seems to be triggered by plugging any externally-powered device into the USB port by the MiniDisplay port on the ASUS N550JV.

To fix this, reset the battery by powering off the computer with the power button, but hold down the power button for 5-10 seconds after the computer shuts off. The battery light will be dark the whole time, but after booting again, the problem is resolved.

Alternatively, a much more invasive fix:

1. Remove the T5 Torx screws from the bottom to access the battery.
2. Remove the battery.
3. Plug in the AC power and turn on the laptop.
4. Shutdown the laptop and put the battery pack back in and you are good to go.


How do I change the default server used by the Live-CD for updates while installing Ubuntu 12.04?

The easiest way to overcome this problem is to select a different location when installing, preferably, something geographically close to Taiwan. After the installation, you might need to change the time zone and location, as well as the archive server.

http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ is provided by the "National Taiwan University", so if you wish to report the downtime, please contact that establishment. Info source


First, I would suggest that you merge the firewall and router servers into just one server, because the firewall is implementing the router functionality already.

Lets say that you want to keep the ability to SSH to the firewall, but also add the ability to SSH from the outside world directly to your client. You will need to use a different port for the purpose, as it is the only way for your iptables rule set to determine what you want. I'll use port 2222, but you use whatever free port you want.

You will need a PREROUTING rule in the nat table:

sudo iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -i $EXTIF --dport 2222 -j DNAT --to $INTIP:22

Where:
$EXTIF is your external network interface name. I think eth0.
$INTIP is your internal IP address.

You will also need to allow the traffic to get through your FORWARD chain, because your default policy is DROP, which it should be:

sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i $EXTIF -o $INTIF -p tcp --dport 2222 -d $INTIP -m state --state NEW -j LOG --log-prefix "PFNEW2222:" --log-level info
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i $EXTIF -o $INTIF -p tcp --dport 2222 -d $INTIP -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT

Where:
$INTIF is your internal network interface name. I think eth1.

Notice that there is also a logging rule. Just a suggestion.

Your return path should be O.K.

Other suggestions:

You do not need your current OUTPUT chain rule, because your default policy is ACCEPT.

If you know your external IP address ($EXTIP below), use SNAT instead of MASQURADE:

sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $EXTIF -j SNAT --to $EXTIP

If you don't then O.K.

I assume you already have forwarding enabled:

$ cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
1


First backup your CS:GO data (and others games) in order to saving your time to download it back. Your CS:Go should be in ~/.steam/steam/steamapps/common/Counter-Strike\ Global\ Offensive directory.

mv ~/.steam/steam/steamapps/common/Counter-Strike\ Global\ Offensive ~/

remove your current Steam, and install it back by:

  sudo apt-get install steam

it should install all dependencies libs. remove the .steam directory in your home before run the app and than mv back the backup files to where it belongs


Celery trying to connect to wrong broker

You should add -A option when execute "celery worker" so that celery will connect to the broker you configured in your. Otherwise celery will try to connect the default broker.


I believe to have bumped into the exact same problem, primarily caused by the installation of Anaconda. Looks like my system was turning to what Anaconda brought with itself, rather than what had been installed ages ago - and otherwise still present.

In accordance with https://anaconda.org/Eumetsat/expect, I only needed to issue a

conda install -c eumetsat expect

to get things back in order.


The command to use is

/usr/bin/steadyflow


I recall playing files/archives with embedded cuesheet information in Amarok 2.x a few years ago, but I gave up on this esoteric approach to archiving as well as archaic and naive attempt to tagging recordings that isn't very popular outside of certain piracy forums.

(Realize that there do not only exist bands and individual artists or projects for eternity who produce songs/recordings with names covered by the latin alphabet of only one particular genre, but that there is a lot more that can and should be covered with metadata if you are still collecting recordings and want to make the most out of your personal collection. Just look at lineup changes and forming of superbands or subgroups to get a glimpse. Just stuffing artists somewhere that won't fit anywhere else due to limited tagging capabilities is the wrong approach. 1, 2, 3)

Related: Foobar2000-like music player?


It's normal that you would not see much, if any, swap usage unless you are using an app that really needs a lot of RAM, so I wouldn't worry about that.

However, the fact that your home directory is a symbolic link to a different drive might be a problem; is there a reason for that?  Normally, you would mount the home directory, not link to it.  It would certainly be easier to just mount ~/home to /mnt/home or /mnt/Data/home, wouldn't it?  I'm not sure, but there may be some overhead to following the symbolic link every time it needs to access your home directory.  You could easily find out by temporarily mounting it and removing the link as a first step in troubleshooting.

Added Info:
Normally, you would mount /home/uname directly, so other users can mount their own home directory elsewhere, if desired.  You can mount any directory any place you want, actually, although there are conventions.

However, it sounds like you want to configure your system the same way I always have, which I think is actually superior...

I create the equivalent of your /mnt/data for all my personal data, with directories such as /mnt/data/Documents, /mnt/data/Music, Downloads, Videos, etc.  I keep my home directory just like it installs (or reinstalls).

Then I create symbolic links inside my home directory to these subdirectories, but leave all the configuration files, directories, etc as is.

There's an easy way to do this using Nautilus that maintains the special icons for the special directories, although it can be edited.  I can give you more details after we (or someone) figures out your main problem, in case it has nothing to do with links.  Doing this, I cannot really tell the difference between a normal setup and the links, until I need to reinstall, then I repeat; it doesn't take long.

I don't really think having the symbolic link make a difference for your problem, but my suggestion was to test it just to see.  I can't tell you how many problems I've solved by trying things that I didn't think would make a difference, only to find out they did.  Then I try to figure out why.


Please try these commands in the terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install freshplayerplugin

or

sudo apt-get install flashplugin-installer


Erased Application and Files from the launcher, how do I get them back?

The only way you can remove those two launchers (which are called lenses) is to remove their packages.

You need to ensure that these packages are installed (use apt-get or find them in Software Center:

unity-place-applications
unity-place-files

Then log out and back in.


How to find resources for running a script Ubuntu server

Figured out what I had to do loop-wise, just needed to get a hang of the loop syntax.  Hope this helps someone else out that might need to loop through a sub-directory based on it's name.

for dir in */
do
    for subdir in $PWD/"$dir"*/
    do
        if [ "$subdir" == $PWD/"$dir""Drawings"*/ ]
        then
            for file in "$subdir"*.jpg
            do
                rm "$file"
            done

            for file in "$subdir"*.pdf
            do
                newName="${file/.pdf/}"
                convert -density 200 "$file" -append -resize 850 -background white -flatten "$newName".jpg
            done

            for file in "$subdir"*.jpg
            do
                newName="${file/.jpg/}"
                if [[ "$file" == *"insulation"* ]]
                then
                    convert "$file" -crop 820x710+15+97 "$newName-cropped.jpg"
                else
                    convert "$file" -crop 820x870+15+79 "$newName-cropped.jpg"
                fi
            done
        fi
    done
done
exit 0


No dual screens on an Asus m4A89 GTD Pro

Download the lastes ATI drivers from "Restricted Drivers".

Execute the following command to "force the dectection" of your dual screen:

 sudo aticonfig --initial=dual-head

It's also good idea to remove .config/monitors.xml in order to avoid conflicts, so execute the following commande:

rm ~/.config/monitors.xml

If all went ok you should see an output as in Dai's thread when executing the command (without the Xinerama configuration in my case):

more /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Open "AMD Catalyst Control Center Admin" go to "Display Manager" (mine is in French so am just guessing the English names). You should now be able to see both your screens on the configuration. Go to the "multiple display" tab and select the last option "Desktop with mutiple display or right of display 2" (remember am guessing the names it may be different on your configuration). A promt should pop asking to confirm the setting and restart your system. Restart your system after confirmation.

When logged back, you should have different displays on your screen but the resolution display may be wrong. Go again to "ADM CCC Admin" to ajust your display and position.

Hope it helps.

ATI Mobility Radeon HD 5400 Series
Catalyst Version 11.8

My final "etc/X11/xorg.conf " file:

Section "ServerLayout"
    Identifier     "amdcccle Layout"
    Screen      0  "amdcccle-Screen[2]-0" 0 0
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier   "0-LVDS"
    Option      "VendorName" "ATI Proprietary Driver"
    Option      "ModelName" "Generic Autodetecting Monitor"
    Option      "DPMS" "true"
    Option      "PreferredMode" "1366x768"
    Option      "TargetRefresh" "60"
    Option      "Position" "0 0"
    Option      "Rotate" "normal"
    Option      "Disable" "false"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier   "0-CRT2"
    Option      "VendorName" "ATI Proprietary Driver"
    Option      "ModelName" "Generic Autodetecting Monitor"
    Option      "DPMS" "true"
    Option      "PreferredMode" "1600x1200"
    Option      "TargetRefresh" "60"
    Option      "Position" "1366 0"
    Option      "Rotate" "normal"
    Option      "Disable" "false"
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "amdcccle-Device[2]-0"
    Driver      "fglrx"
    Option      "Monitor-LVDS" "0-LVDS"
    Option      "Monitor-CRT2" "0-CRT2"
    BusID       "PCI:2:0:0"
EndSection

Section "Device"
    Identifier  "amdcccle-Device[2]-1"
    Driver      "fglrx"
    Option      "Monitor-CRT2" "0-CRT2"
    BusID       "PCI:2:0:0"
    Screen      1
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier "amdcccle-Screen[2]-0"
    Device     "amdcccle-Device[2]-0"
    DefaultDepth     24
    SubSection "Display"
        Viewport   0 0
        Virtual   2966 2966
        Depth     24
    EndSubSection
EndSection

Section "Screen"
    Identifier "amdcccle-Screen[2]-1"
    Device     "amdcccle-Device[2]-1"
    DefaultDepth     24
    SubSection "Display"
        Viewport   0 0
        Depth     24
    EndSubSection
EndSection


Permanently set keyboard layout options with setxkbmap in gnome/unity

To prevent gnome resetting keyboard setting in X i use this command:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.keyboard active false

This works for me.


"gunicorn: unrecognized service" on Ubuntu 15.10?

If you are on ubuntu then it I don't think that CentOS instructions will work. Taken from DigitalOcean tutorial you should create .conf file for upstart:

description "Gunicorn application server handling myproject"

start on runlevel [2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]

respawn
setude user
setgid www-data
chdir /home/webapps

exec /home/webapps/games/venv/bin/gunicorn --workers 3 --bind unix:/home/webapps/games/games.sock games.wsgi:application

Notes

user should be user owning the environment and the project and for group his group.
File should live in /etc/init/gunicorn.conf.
Log files for upstart gunicorn would be in /var/log/upstart/gunicorn.conf

you


ubuntu as guest in virtualbox at host with high DPI screen

Finally found a working solution.

Vitualbox -> (select guest) -> Settings -> Display -> Scale Factor


Concatenate find command with other commans

I would use something like this (without the insert part in the database)

while read EMPTY_LINE; do
  read FILE_SIZE
  read FILE_AT
  read FILE_MT
  read FILE_CT
  read MIME_INFO
  read HASH FILE_PATH

  echo
  echo 'File path: '"$FILE_PATH"
  echo 'File size: '"$FILE_SIZE"
  echo 'File times (access - modified - changed): '"$FILE_AT - $FILE_MT - $FILE_CT"
  echo 'MIME stuff: '"$MIME_INFO"
  echo 'Hash: '"$HASH"
done < <(find . -type f -printf '\n' -exec stat --printf '%s\n%X\n%Y\n%Z\n' {} \; -exec file -b {} \; -exec md5sum {} \; )

Okay, so what exactly happens here, and why did I do it this way?

Find command

First the command find . -type f -printf '\n' -exec stat --printf '%s\n%X\n%Y\n%Z\n' {} \; -exec file -b {} \; -exec md5sum {} \; is executed.

Let's break this down.

find . find stuff in . (which is the current directory)

-type -f find only files

-printf '\n' print an empty file for every file match

-exec stat --printf '%s\n%X\n%Y\n%Z\n' {} \; execute the stat command printing several file statistics which I specified myself - see stat --help for the statistics available

-exec file -b {} \; execute file command to determine MIME information. -b makes sure the filename is not printed along with it. We would ignore it anyway.

-exec md5sum {} \; execute md5sum command to calculate the md5 hash of the file contents.

So for so good. The -exec arguments are processed in the order specified.
This means per file match we'll get the following lines as

[FILE SIZE - from stat command]
[FILE LAST ACCESS TIME - from stat command]
[FILE LAST MODIFICATION TIME - from stat command]
[FILE LAST CHANGE TIME - from stat command]
[MIME INFO - from file command]
[HASH - from md5sum command] [FILE PATH - from md5sum command]

Let's try out the find command to see if it outputs everything as we'd expect.

[~/somedir]:$ find . -type f -printf '\n' -exec stat --printf '%s\n%X\n%Y\n%Z\n' {} \; -exec file -b {} \; -exec md5sum {} \;

1752
1441609114
1441609114
1441609114
ASCII text
4fb6f64ce9d07be553a81644b17fe69b  ./README.md

./tuptime-install.sh
1649
1441609114
1441609114
1441609114
Bourne-Again shell script, ASCII text executable
9ee7ad860bfa049d1d5f589fba218c6a  ./tuptime-install.sh

Process the lines

There is a lot which can go wrong when parsing these things. What happens if there is a space in the filename? Or some other weird character? Or in the other parameters. To get rid of this problem and others I've used newlines explicitly. So we can read a full line and process it accordingly. No special parsing needed. (except for the hash part, but we'll get to that part in a bit)

The while loop will be fed the output of the find command. The while loop will run whilst there is a line left. We read the empty line every match starts with. The empty line is actually not really needed, but we'll use it to keep the ouput clean.

The script is pretty self explanatory. It reads the lines one by one into variables in the order we expect them to be present. After that we print them.

The way the read command works that if a single variable name is given, it will read the whole line into the given variable name. If multiple variables are given the line is split with the space character (by default) and put into the variables given. We only used it for the md5sum command as we couldn't specify an option that would get rid of the filename. We could have gotten the filename from find' or stat, but because md5sum doesn't have an option to omit it for efficiency reasons we'll be using that one.

I've also used the unixtime instead of the human readable format for timestamps. Having data in the most raw form if possible is in most cases preferred.

Only thing that would remain would be to put the data in the database.

Example output of the script

File path: ./README.md
File size: 1752
File times (access - modified - changed): 1441609114 - 1441609114 - 1441609114
MIME stuff: ASCII text
Hash: 4fb6f64ce9d07be553a81644b17fe69b

File path: ./tuptime-install.sh
File size: 1649
File times (access - modified - changed): 1441609114 - 1441609114 - 1441609114
MIME stuff: Bourne-Again shell script, ASCII text executable
Hash: 9ee7ad860bfa049d1d5f589fba218c6a


Installing Ubuntu 16.04 LTS on eMMC storage

Just give it  try: Go to bios
Disable CSM( Compatibility support Module)
Boot again in UEFI mode.
CSM is there to support older os'es. This will solve most of issues like  I/O Errors. Hope this helps..


Is HWE Kernel 5.8 supported by the Livepatch service in Ubuntu 20.04

Quick answer:  Yes
terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ canonical-livepatch status
last check: 16 minutes ago
kernel: 5.8.0-41.46~20.04.1-generic
server check-in: succeeded
patch state: ✓ no livepatches needed for this kernel yet


Anaconda Navigator gets stuck at loading applications in Ubuntu 20.04 even after updating Anaconda Navigator

I had the same issue. You are good to go after creating the opt directory. From your home directory type:
sudo mkdir /opt


Sorry for the delay. Had personal matters to deal with.

Rebooting the router did not resolve the issue. Yes, WPA2 is enabled on both. Both frequencies share the same network name with the frequency tagged to the name. Both frequencies share the same password. All software updates had been performed.

I cannot locate the Interfaces folder under Network. In the Network folder are four sub folders:
if-down.d
if-post-down.d
if-pre-up.d
if-up.d

cat /etc/netplan/*.yaml produces:

(the hastag was removed to prevent the remainder of the text to go into bold and larger font) Let NetworkManager manage all devices on this system
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager

When I perform the dkms command nothing happens (please go easy on me I am a linux noob)

Thank you,

Dubya


How do I remove the dots from the login screen?

For 12.04 and 14.04

Try the following commands in a terminal. It should work.

sudo xhost +SI:localuser:lightdm
sudo su lightdm -s /bin/bash
gsettings set com.canonical.unity-greeter draw-grid false
exit

References:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=11840170&postcount=25
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1958219


Reduce GRUB's contdown time on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

Try these commands as root
echo 'GRUB_RECORDFAIL_TIMEOUT=$GRUB_TIMEOUT' >> /etc/default/grub
update-grub

There was a regression added at some point in 18.04 that caused grub to trigger recordfail if your /boot partition was an LVM volume, IIRC.
I would have thought it would be fixed for 20.04, but I'm not sure.  Here are some of the bug reports I saved

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/1814403
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/1815002
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/1800722


Warning: This will break Ubuntu 18.04 and 18.10. These instructions apply to the specific situation described in the question, on Ubuntu 16.04.

Warning: I have tested this solution, but not very thoroughly. Make a backup, and proceed with caution.

Remove the repo:

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:fkrull/deadsnakes

Refresh apt cache:

sudo apt-get update

Remove the package:

sudo apt-get remove --purge python3.6


Can I create 'boot repair' on liveUSB when UEFI not supported by laptop?

Unfortunately, you can't use a Ubuntu Live USB on a Legacy system.
Edit: it works on my other Legacy system, turns out the USB port wasn't compatible on my first one. It booted on my second system. Make sure your USB is compatible with your port, for example, a USB 1 port might not be able to read a USB 3 stick.


https://help.ubuntu.com/community/GoogleEarth#Recommended_installation_methods

  Note to 64bit users: The 64bit debian package depends on ia32-libs which is deprecated and no longer available as of 13.10 Saucy. Use the
  32bit package and multiarch-support.

Try to install 32bit package. You should use this if installing the 32bit package

sudo apt-get install libc6-i386 libglib2.0-0:i386 libsm6:i386 \
libglu1-mesa:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 libxext6:i386 \
libxrender1:i386 libx11-6:i386 libfontconfig1:i386 lsb-core


Install Ubuntu 18.04 LTS on Xen hypervisor with linux kernel 3.18

Yes it's possible. Don't have an full answer for this but I've tested and its possible.


How can I combine 4 images into an A4 image via the console?

You need the montage command. I haven't got any examples to hand, but I've used it in the past, and there are some good examples at the link and also here:


How to completely remove Elementary OS 5.0 Juno from Ubuntu 18.04?

You need to remove Elementary from Sessions to prevent it to list while turning on your system.

cd /usr/share/xsessions
sudo rm -f elementary.desktop kubuntu.desktop


How to get webcam working with skype on Ubuntu 13.04?

I fixed this by creating the file /usr/local/bin/skype with the following contents:

#!/bin/bash
LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libv4l/v4l1compat.so /usr/lib/skype/skype

And making it executable:

sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/skype

I had a fresh Raring install so I also needed to install the 32bit libs.

sudo apt-get install ia32-libs


Somehow either you have missing libraries or Steam don't know where they are. You can solve the first by running:

sudo apt-get install libpango-1.0-0 libpangoft2-1.0-0 libgtk2.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libcairo2 libnss3-1d libnss3 libnspr4-0d

Once you have done this, try again.


"Error: No peer certificate" in Ubuntu One Android app

We had intermittent issues with the server that is responsible for receiving/sending files, between 7th and 9th of October. The issue should be gone by know.


If you have your NVIDIA X.org drivers installed you should be able to run the config panel. There, when your external monitor is connected via HDMI port, you can detect displays and configure X server behaviour, eg. arrange displays in a way you need them to be.

Unfortunately, if you connect a TV to your VAIO you may not have any sound going to your TV, due to some problems with ALSA drivers.


How can I list modified files first before folders?

Open your open file dialogue window and right click on the name sorting bar, in that menu that opens is an option sort folders before files, uncheck this


That would require a small background script:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import time

ip1 = [s for s in subprocess.check_output([
    "ifconfig", "-a"]).decode("utf-8").split() \
      if "addr:192" in s][0]

while True:
    time.sleep(2)
    ip2 = [s for s in subprocess.check_output([
        "ifconfig", "-a"]).decode("utf-8").split() \
          if "addr:192" in s][0]
    if ip2 != ip1:
        subprocess.Popen([
            "notify-send", "Ip address changed",
            "New address: "+ip2.replace("addr:", "")
            ])
    ip1 = ip2

How to use

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as watch_ipchange.py
Test-run it from a terminal:

python3 /path/to/watch_ipchange.py

If all works fine, add it to Startup Applications

Explanation

Every two seconds, the script cheks the current local ip address from ifconfig -a
in case of a change, it sends a notification.

Note

I tested it on Ubuntu Unity, but that should not make a difference; both use notify-osd. If, for some reason it wouldn't work however, please comment.


Laptop freezes after lifting the screen up

more info needed, but you can  try this as a meantime solution,  my fathers lap had the same problem  he was using KDE, and the problem was simply the  graphic card driver, which causes almost a complete freeze of the system; so i would try in the meantime to disable the suspend and go sleep options  ( u do this on  the options  "monitor","screen" and  in the configuration ) cant give ya more details about the names cause  y work my Ubuntu in Spanish.

  but i insist  which GUI(kubuntu,unuti,xubuntu,etc) you using and the version


How can I disable touchscreen while using Wayland?

Following steps in JNixus' answer on reddit gave me the result: touchscreen is disabled and touchpad still works:
https://www.reddit.com/r/Dell/comments/76jm9x/dell_xps_9343_linux_wayland_touchscreen_help/

Using the ability to disable a single USB device, we need just to create a UDEV rule. Create the file in

/etc/udev/rules.d/80-touchscreen.rules

With following information

SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="04f3", ATTRS{idProduct}=="20d0", ATTR{authorized}="0"

You can find idVendor and idProduct by running

cat /proc/bus/input/devices

You can reload the rules without restart

udevadm control --reload-rules && udevadm trigger


Failed to access Windows 8.1 NTFS partition from Ubuntu 13.10, even after disable fast startup

I solved this problem by running  powercfg /h off in windows command terminal. This command usually disable windows hibernate permanently. I follow this instruction and now I have full access of windows partition.


1 possible sollution: gmvault. It is command line so you can use it on a server too.

Backup all your emails on disk.
Use the full sync mode to backup your entire gmail account in a unique directory. Your email backup repository can then be easily tarred and moved from one machine to the other.
Update your backup in minutes.
Gmvault can run a quick sync mode regularly (ie. every day) to keep your backup up to date.
Restore emails in any Gmail acc.
With the restore command Gmvault can recreate your gmail mailboxes in any Gmail account. All attributes such as Gmail labels are preserved and recreated. With restore, you will recover your Gmail account exactly as it was.

Linux Installation

On Linux, it is recommended to install Gmvault using the source distribution or Pypi.
sudo apt-get install python python-setuptools
sudo easy_install -U distribute
wget https://github.com/downloads/gaubert/gmvault/gmvault-v1.7-beta-src.tar.gz
tar xvzf gmvault-1.7-beta-src.tar.gz

Python is already installed so it will error out.
Then install with ...
cd gmvault-1.7-beta/
sudo python setup.py install

The basic setup is about as simple as it comes:
gmvault sync your_email@gmail.com

Synching the last 2 months:
gmvault sync --type quick your_email@gmail.com

More information on setting it up here.


Why couldn't i mount windows 7 partition when it is hibernated?

Hibernation is basically a snapshot of a running OS, with all its running applications, open files (maybe in the middle of a write operation), file caches etc.

If you mount a hibernated partition from another OS and change data on disk - the actual state of the disk and what Windows knows of the disk goes out of sync, which can lead to severe corruption of the filesystem.

The accepted answer at Unable to mount Windows (NTFS) filesystem due to hibernation provides more details.


Open the dash and type "screenshot" you'll be prompted with an app, with a photo camera icon, that will let you take different types of screenshots.
You can grab the whole desktop or grab the current window or Select an area to grab.

While that app is open right click on it's icon in the launcher and select "lock to Launcher" to keep it there.


Lenovo IdeaPad 100 Bluetooth doesn't detect any devices RTL8723BE

Easiest way try to install new Bluetooth manager i recommend blueman-manager i faced the same problem before it's not only connecting mouse it's also not pairing with any device or sending files.
for more information and another solution take a look at these links link1 or this one


Error in sudo apt-get update (N: Ignoring file 'google.list.save.1' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension)

Fix it this way...

cd /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ # change directory

sudo mv gcl google-chrome.list # rename it back to original

sudo rm -i google.list.save.1 # delete this bad .save file

ls -al *chrome*.list # confirm you only have one such .list file

Update #1:

The contents of the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list file that you deleted was:

sudo -H gedit /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list # recreate this file

deb [arch=amd64] http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main

And the file at /etc/cron.daily/google-chrome, should have the following line modified:

sudo -H gedit /etc/cron.daily/google-chrome # edit this file

Change this:

REPOCONFIG="deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main"

To this:

REPOCONFIG="deb [arch=amd64] http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main"


One thing you can do is, boot through live Ubuntu 12.04, delete the partition where you have now installed 13.04 (make a backup of your important data first). Then try installing Ubuntu 12.04


Looking for wifi drivers for Hp 250 g4 for ubuntu 14.04?

Short answer

You need to update, for which you'll need to use an ethernet cable or wifi dongle that works with Linux out of the box.

Once you've updated you can simple paste this into the terminal and press enter:

echo "options rtl8723be ant_sel=1 fwlps=N" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf

If you're asked for your password, enter it and press enter. Now reset your laptop and it should work. If it doesn't, try all the steps above again but this time change ant_sel=1 to ant_sel=2.

Details

The problem is that the wifi hardware only has one of the two antennas attached but the hardware reports the wrong antenna. So you need to force the driver to use the correct antenna, which can only be done with the newer driver. To see if your driver supports this option, open a terminal and do:

modinfo rtl8723be

If it has the output has the line:

parm:           ant_sel:Set to 1 or 2 to force antenna number (default 0)
 (int)

Then you have the updated driver. If not then you will need to update using an ethernet cable or wifi dongle to get internet access.

Once you have the right drivers you need to force it to use the right antenna, like so:

echo "options rtl8723be ant_sel=1 fwlps=N" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf

And then reset the laptop. If this does not work then try the above again but change ant_sel=1 to ant_sel=2.

The fwlps=N prevents an issue where power saving would drop the connection after a time even when being used.

16.04 note: You can temporarily try different antenna settings before permanently setting configuration by reloading the driver using the following:

sudo modprobe -r rtl8723be
sudo modprobe rtl8723be ant_sel=1

This will allow you to make sure it works without having to reset the laptop each time.


Un bootstrapping a juju/orchestra environment

juju destroy-environment will shutdown all the machines in orchestra that juju was running (tagged in orchestra with the configured 'acquired-mgmt-class'). For juju to think its already bootstrapped, there is a running orchestra machine that has been recorded as the bootstrap server.


Can't change screen brightness on ubuntu 20.04 (Always display maximum brightness)

I have the same laptop, same situation. Finally found the solution to be an upgrade to a new linux kernel.
Ubuntu 20.04 came with 5.4.x, Installing 5.7.15 fixed it for me. The hotkeys for brightness control still didn't work with fn but I mapped the  f7 and f8 to that as I don't use them often.
Don't try to compile linux kernels yourself if you're not sure how that works, just use mainline. You might have to disable secureboot from the bios for some of the kernel versions. I had to disable it for 5.7.15
A comprehensive discussion for some other problems with this setup can be found at this reddit post


Downgrade to LTS version, preserving /home partition: Should I expect this to work?

I had similar issue when I downgraded from 13.04 to 12.04 (the unity version) without formatting my /home directory. I couldn't change the unity dash settings or even change the wallpaper. It seems that downgrading do not reset those settings.
I solved my problem by deleting all configuration files/folders in my /home folder:

cd /home/user_name
sudo rm -rf .*
sudo reboot

This will delete any files/folders begining with a '.' and then reboot your pc, correct configuration files will be generated during boot.


You can do this using ip commands:

sudo ip link add  link enp3s0 lan3 type vlan id 101

The above adds a new VLAN to enp3s0, using VLAN ID 101, named lan3.

You'd then want to add that VLAN to the netplan YAML as well, so it is persistant across reboots.

From there, you can also add addresses to the interface or do other manipulations necessary to bring up the interface:

sudo ip addr add dev lan3 10.10.10.3/17

Additionally, you may want to add:

critical: true

To an interface if the issue is that it will rerequest an IP from DHCP. That field in netplan tells systemd-networkd not to bring it down at all, it might help here.


Background static when sending audio to stereo receiver via bluetooth

This is most likely caused by a lack of support for your specific Bluetooth adapter in the os. I hate to tell people that in order to fix their problem they have to pay money but you need a different adapter that has better Linux support. Comment on this if you would like to know which are the best Bluetooth adapters for Linux.


GPG invalid signature on self-signed repository

I was running into the same issue on a local Debian 9 repo, not Spacewalk specific. Tracked it down to:

Needed SHA-256 for the key
Using "signed-by" to the gpg key in the sources.list
Device public key could not be ASCII, must be binary

Figured it out by reading the documentation Instructions to connect to a third-party repository


What is causing terrible performance for World of Tanks in Wine/PlayOnLinux?

A WineHQ page says that World of Tanks works rather well on 12.10 after adding these: d3dx9_36 gecko corefonts d3dx9_43 msxml3 wininet ie7 w_workaround_wine_bug-21947 msxml6

I can't remember exactly how to add these (and I'm not currently in Ubuntu), but it should be easy to find. If you can't get it, I'll reboot into Ubuntu and help you out.

Source: https://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=version&iId=27800&iTestingId=79097


How to remove cuda-9.0 and install cuda-8.0 instead?

I got the exact same issue and managed to fix it. First observation was that the cuda-8 related entries in sources.list.d/ were commented out, but removing these and doing the dpkg --install of the cuda-8 repo did not repopulate the sources.list.d/ entries. What worked was to purge the 'dpkg' install (/var/cuda*) manually and doing the 'dpkg --install' again.

step by step:

dpkg -l | grep cuda- | awk '{print $2}' | xargs -n1 sudo dpkg --purge
dpkg --install cuda-repo-ubuntu*-8.0-local*.deb
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cuda


Ubuntu dependency problems installing Synaptic

.deb files do not contain the prerequisites... they only contain information on what those pre-requisites are (correct me if i am completely misinformed)... that would mean you need to install the prereqs separately if you dont have an active internet connection... typically a .deb would self install the needed prereqs but without internet it cant do that... in my opinion linux in any form is useless without an active internet connection (or an advanced understanding of how linux works/ what you will need to download before-hand)

as for how to install them... make a note of what the packages are called (write them down)... and attempt to find an installer for them...

you best option would be to bring your ubuntu box to the internet and re-run the .deb... it will auto-install the needed files... if you want to install them manually you can use the apt-get command like so

sudo apt-get install (the package name you took note of)

information on installing using apt-get:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AptGet/Howto

another option would be to simply bring the HD to the internet and boot from it on the university's PC... you might want a sata to usb adapter so you dont have to open the university’s computer and install the hard drive... you can typically boot a usb from the bios of your computer so you might even find that installing ubuntu directly to a usb stick is the best option for you...

long story short is this:

you need internet on your machine to learn how to use ubuntu (unless your have a patience of a turtle)


Slow login when CIFS mounts are unavailable

Try to change /etc/security.pam_mount.conf.xml

gksudo gedit  /etc/security.pam_mount.conf.xml

Edit lines containing "nodev,nosuid"  to "nodev,nosuid,nofail"


I have Xubuntu 13.10 running on my Vaio Pro. I ran boot-repair from the LiveCD and managed to get the grub menu, though Xubuntu wouldn't boot. After some research, I discovered this page:

http://www.nicksplace.com.au/2013/07/04/fedora-19-on-vaio-pro-13-ssd-issues/

  Its no secret that the Vaio Pro comes with a very nice SSD. The 128GB version is a MZHPU128HCGM made by Samsung. From my benchmarking it is very fast with ~1100MB/s read and ~500MB/s write. But when booting into Fedora 19, it may fail to boot, or the system may lock up for short periods (especially under heavy IO). During boot it may show a stream of the following messages (if it happens while you are logged in they will be in dmesg):

01:45:25,494 ERR kernel:[  155.668632] ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x3 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen
01:45:25,494 ERR kernel:[  155.668640] ata1.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
01:45:25,494 ERR kernel:[  155.668650] ata1.00: cmd 60/08:00:00:08:00/00:00:00:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 4096 in
01:45:25,494 ERR kernel:[  155.668650]          res 40/00:01:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/00 Emask 0x4 (timeout)
01:45:25,494 ERR kernel:[  155.668655] ata1.00: status: { DRDY }
01:45:25,494 ERR kernel:[  155.668659] ata1.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
01:45:25,494 ERR kernel:[  155.668667] ata1.00: cmd 60/08:08:80:b8:e7/00:00:0e:00:00/40 tag 1 ncq 4096 in
01:45:25,494 ERR kernel:[  155.668667]          res 40/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/00 Emask 0x4 (timeout)
01:45:25,494 ERR kernel:[  155.668672] ata1.00: status: { DRDY }

  From my previous experience with the errors on other systems I decided to try disabling Native Command Queuing (NCQ). This immediately fixed the issue.

  To make the fix permanent you need to add libata.force=noncq to your GRUB2 default kernel boot parameters. As root, edit /etc/defaults/grub and add libata.force=noncq to the end of the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX line. The finished file should look similar to the below:

GRUB_TIMEOUT=2
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed 's, release .*$,,g' /etc/system-release)"
GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true
GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT="console"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rd.md=0 rd.lvm=0 rd.dm=0 vconsole.keymap=us $([ -x /usr/sbin/rhcrashkernel-param ] && /usr/sbin/rhcrashkernel-param || :) rd.luks=0 vconsole.font=latarcyrheb-sun16 rhgb quiet libata.force=noncq"
GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

  Then simply update your GRUB2 menu and reboot:

grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/grub.cfg

  I am very interested to know if anyone has experienced this issue on their Vaio Pro or whether there is an issue with my SSD.

So, I edited the grub list after booting from the LiveCD using:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

I then changed this line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

To look like this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash libata.force=noncq"

And then I ran:

sudo update-grub


Dual boot Win 8.1 OK, Ubuntu 13.10 stops launch at GRUB4DOS

I am not sure about this, but I think that it is happening because Windows 8.1 is new and the programmers of Ubuntu haven't already found the way to add them to OS.


'apt install' fail to install a valid package

From man apt, in the paragraph about install:

A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by following the
package name with an equals (=) and the version of the package to select.
Alternatively the version from a specific release can be selected by following the
package name with a forward slash (/) and codename (jessie, stretch, sid ...) or suite
name (stable, testing, unstable).

So apt treats Downloads as package name, since it is a perfectly fine name for a package, and the rest as the target. To make apt treat it as a path, the path must begin with something that cannot be a package name, like . or /:

$ sudo apt install Downloads/bash*.deb
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package Downloads

With a leading .:

$ sudo apt install ./Downloads/bash*.deb
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'bash' instead of './Downloads/bash_4.4.18-1ubuntu1~16.04.york0_amd64.deb'
bash is already the newest version (4.4.18-1ubuntu1~16.04.york0).
0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 4 not to upgrade.


Why does available physical memory appear to increase after boot?

During boot, and at a later stage than your extracted dmseg line, typically some memory is freed. Lets's work through an example from my computer:

First, we change the dmesg extraction command a little (edited):

$ dmesg  | grep -i 'Memory:'
 ...[snip]...
[    0.000000] Memory: 15829128K/16472972K available (8480K kernel code, 1294K rwdata, 3984K rodata, 1492K init, 1316K bss, 643844K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[    0.009844] Freeing SMP alternatives memory: 32K
[    0.868465] Freeing initrd memory: 37044K
[    2.621648] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1492K
[    2.624095] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1748K
[    2.625334] Freeing unused kernel memory: 112K

Notice the freed memory above, after the summary line. Adding them all up I get that I should have 15869556 total. Now lets check, using your same command:

$ free -k ; vmstat -s | head -n 1
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:       15869556      113352    15461820        9792      294384    15454760
Swap:      16472060           0    16472060
     15869556 K total memory

Notice the expected total exactly equals the actual total.


Eclipse Neon not launching on Ubuntu 16.04

Make sure you have Openjdk8 or Oraclejdk8 on your system.
delete main eclipse folder and also these folders and files if you have:

/usr/lib/eclipse/

/usr/share/eclipse/

/etc/eclipse.ini
Download Eclipse from eclipse.org and run it.


PC reboots when shutdown, only when "Legacy USB 3.0 Support" is enabled

Figured out the fix: switch "Intel USB 3.0 Mode" from "Smart Auto" to "Disabled". Then I can shut down the computer while being able to use the keyboard during boot when it boots up again.


There are at least two ways to solve this problem.

Use the internal drive's EFI partition like Zanna suggests. See the following link for more details,

Install Ubuntu on Second Hard Drive whilst Leaving Unallocated Space for Use by Other Operating Systems
Do not touch the internal drive

2a. Do not touch the internal drive. Instead make an installed system that can manage to boot and run on its own. See the following link for more details, with the standard installer and with the internal drive disconnected,

Install Ubuntu to USB 3.0 external drive

2b. There is a shortcut to an installed Ubuntu or Ubuntu family system, that boots in both UEFI and BIOS mode. It was created from the Ubuntu Server iso file and is rather portable between computers. See this link for more details, how to install this system from a compressed image file,

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/UEFI-and-BIOS

This method will clone the compressed image file, which is straight-forward with mkusb, and you need not disconnect the internal drive, only select the correct target drive, and mkusb helps to do that.


How to use windows task scheduler to run updatedb?

If you are working on a private computer and have no security issue regarding password protection, you could use the following workaround :

C:\Windows\System32\bash.exe -c "echo 'my_password' | sudo -S updatedb"

The -S flag means sudo will read the password from stdin. The obvious issue is that you have to explicitely write your password in your command, which isn't really safe.

EDIT:

As a sidenote, I've added the following line at the end of my /etc/sudoers file :

ALL ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/apt-get*

Afterward, runing C:\Windows\System32\bash.exe -c "sudo apt-get update" from cmd.exe worked flawlessly. Did you make sure your rule wasn't overwriten ? If there is a permission conflict in your sudoers file, bash will use the last rule written. Make sure you put your ALL ALL=NOPASSWD: line at the end of the file.


You have to invoke python from your shell before the import statement.

$ python

then,

>>> import tensorflow as tf


What does cd -- do? I used it and I'm now stuck in a directory :(

The -- is interpreted as "no more options following", see more in this answer. So the command is equivalent to cd, which switches to the current user's home directory.

As you reported, you end up with a prompt of ... ~ #, which, with default config means that you are logged in as the root user and that you currently are in root's home directory (~ is a shortcut for a user's home).

On a default Ubuntu setup, the home of root is /root. So cding to home doesn't work, as you are not in the root directory and therefore the shell doesn't know where to go. But you should always be able to cd /. Are you sure you entered that command correctly?


I cannot really tell what the problem is from you description, if English is not your first language I suggest a good spell checker to help with some of the editing. Try Lubuntu 13.04, it is based on Ubuntu 13.04, but is lighter on your computer's  resources. I have never had a problem. Takes about maybe >15-20 minutes to do a full clean install. Also the community here is pretty awesome, and the things you do in Ubuntu can be done in Lubuntu. It helped me out with my laptop problems (Mine is a HP Compaq nx6325 with AMD Turion64 x2 mobile processor.


Lenovo W520 + Ubuntu 14.04 --> external monitor not working

Actually, there was eventually a problem with the cables. It is now fixed.


Why Unity doesn't remember edge bindings settings from Compiz?

Okay here it is.

"Why is it happening?"

It's a bug, already reported https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/compiz/+bug/752687

"How to fix it?"

Here I'll share two answer, that solves my edge binding problem for my 12.04.But, it might not work on other computer.

First

One problem that I found is, python-compizconfig, which is Compizconfig bindings for python is not included with compizconfig-setting-manager.

So you have to install it manually, or, it will be automatically installed with Ubuntu Tweak (That's why I recommend you Ubuntu Tweak).
With Ubuntu Tweak, you can find the edge binding settings under Tweak > Workspace.

Second

Another one is taken from @sachinr's answer.

Add Compiz to the startup applications.

Name    : Compiz
Command : bash -c "sleep 3; compiz --replace"

Now with those, my edge binding settings "remembered" whenever I start a new session.


OK.. It's an ancient bug since 2006 (!)

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubiquity/+bug/43453


Fan control on Acer Aspire One D255 netbook

I had a dell laptop that was doing the same thing but in my case it was just clogged up heat sinks, after maintenance (cleaning the heat sinks) everything went back to normal, I think your case is different based on what you say here so I am suggesting that you look at this site and see if anything there can help you. http://www.netbooktech.com/2008/09/17/fix-the-acer-aspire-one-noisy-fan-for-both-windows-and-linux/

They link to software that can control the fan, someone even suggests opening the device and oil the fan. looks like you have a cheap fan problem rather than dirty heat sink problem.


Boot failure after using 4k Grub theme on Ubuntu 18.04

Problem solved.

you just need to turn on "Intel Rapid storage technology" on your BIOS.

If Above still cause some error you might also want to set

DRAM Frequency , DRAM Voltage, DRAM CAS# Latency, DRAM RAS# to CAS# Delay, and DRAM RAS# ACT Time -> all set to auto


What is an easy way to browse samba shares on linux?

If you open the "files" application, and click "other locations" at the bottom of the menu on the left, you will get a menu where you can enter a server address and connect to samba servers.
I use this feature to connect to my file servers at home.


For anyone who wants to upgrade Ubuntu 10.04 LTS to PHP 5.3.10, this is how I have done it:

sudo apt-get remove --purge php*
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:l-mierzwa/lucid-php5
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5 php5-cli php5-cgi php5-mysql php5-gd
sudo service apache2 restart
sudo pecl uninstall apc
sudo pecl install apc

It looks a bit drastic using sudo apt-get remove --purge php* but Ubuntu does proceed to list a load of files that get filtered but then ignored and I have successfully upgraded 3 times so far.

Good Luck and thanks to Brian Mercer for his php5 PPA.

[Update 2014-11-05]

From Ondřej Surý's launchpad site:

PHP 5.4 : ppa:ondrej/php5-oldstable
PHP 5.5 : ppa:ondrej/php5
PHP 5.6 : ppa:ondrej/php5-5.6


Why can't I install Microsoft Office 2007 in Ubuntu 11.04?

I have very good experiences with Codeweavers CrossOver. I use Office Word, Excell and Powerpoint regularly within my Ubuntu 12.04 system. Without any major problem. It works really well. You should give it a try. If you want to keep using it, you have to pay (once or a yearly small fee, I don't remember), but for me it's definitely worth the money.

http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2011/01/codeweavers-unleashes-new-windows-impersonator

http://www.codeweavers.com/products/#cxlinux/

Also: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2000780

CrossOver also makes it easy to install any other Windows software, although most won't run flawlessly, but sometimes they do...


ifupdown which uses /etc/network/interfaces was deprecated in 17.10.

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Netplan

Instead use /etc/netplan/*netcfg.yaml


Issues with pulseaudio daemon not starting and no sound notification

So the answer I found to my problem was this:

I had Ulauncher installed which was likely misusing inotify as the error indicated in the command in my question pulseaudio -vv.

I ran killall -9 ulauncher and almost instantly my pavucontrol window was able to be opened.

I have since removed ulauncher from my system and haven't had any issues.


Your best best is to get an older version of Ubuntu, think 12.04 would be best.

Also it could be caused by a corrupted hard drive. Check S.M.A.R.T. readings in BIOS (if it has that functionality).

May I suggest using CD/DVD for installation as well, if possible. If not, try to find a PC where you have a DVD drive, burn an image of Ubuntu, boot from it (live CD) and use the wizard to make a USB image. This will eliminate any errors that may be caused by Plop.

Last but not least, your USB stick can be as old as your computer, and be corrupted. Try with another one.

If none of this works, well, there is always Windows XP.


how to install wifi driver in acer aspire es1-522

Though its weird, but i am going to answer my own question.

You don't need to install/remove any driver. Just goto /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf open this file with root privileges and add line

blacklist acer_wmi

to the end of file. reboot and enjoy


Display bug on resolution > 800 / ubuntu 14 on VMware

Please see https://askubuntu.com/a/484923/289138 - You're on Linux 3.13.0-29-generic -- as per the link, I suggest you downgrade to linux 3.13.0-24-generic (plausible fix), or check linux 3.13.0-30-generic also does the trick.

If the later ALSO is OK, the please tell us so.


How to revert to a minimal installation (Ububtu 18.04.1)?

Below is the list of package names included in the full install but not in the minimal install.  This is how I generated the list.

I did a full install on a vm and ran

apt list --installed > onefile

Then I installed a minimum install on a VM, ran the command again out to a second file, compared the files and found the ones that are not in the minimum install.

Using this information, you can diff it against your own installed list and decide what packages you want to uninstall using

apt-get remove package_name

or
    apt-get purge package_name

Here is the list of package names included in the full install but not in the minimal install.

aisleriot
baobab
branding-ubuntu
cheese
deja-dup
example-content
gir1.2-rb-3.0
gir1.2-totem-1.0
gir1.2-totemplparser-1.0
gnome-calendar
gnome-mahjongg
gnome-mines
gnome-sudoku
gnome-todo
gnome-todo-common
gnome-video-effects
guile-2.0-libs
hyphen-en-us
libabw-0.1-1
libavahi-ui-gtk3-0
libdmapsharing-3.0-2
libexttextcat-2.0-0
libexttextcat-data
libfreehand-0.1-1
libgnome-games-support-1-3
libgnome-games-support-common
libgnome-todo
libmessaging-menu0
libmhash2
libminiupnpc10
libmwaw-0.3-3
libmythes-1.2-0
libnatpmp1
libneon27-gnutls
liborcus-0.13-0
libpagemaker-0.0-0
libraptor2-0
librasqal3
librdf0
libreoffice-avmedia-backend-gstreamer
libreoffice-base-core
libreoffice-calc
libreoffice-common
libreoffice-core
libreoffice-draw
libreoffice-gnome
libreoffice-gtk3
libreoffice-help-en-us
libreoffice-impress
libreoffice-math
libreoffice-ogltrans
libreoffice-pdfimport
libreoffice-style-breeze
libreoffice-style-galaxy
libreoffice-style-tango
libreoffice-writer
librhythmbox-core10
libtotem0
libvisio-0.1-1
libwpd-0.10-10
libwpg-0.3-3
libwps-0.4-4
libyajl2
mythes-en-us
python3-uno
remmina
remmina-common
remmina-plugin-rdp
remmina-plugin-secret
remmina-plugin-vnc
rhythmbox
rhythmbox-data
rhythmbox-plugin-alternative-toolbar
rhythmbox-plugins
shotwell
shotwell-common
simple-scan
thunderbird
thunderbird-gnome-support
thunderbird-locale-en
thunderbird-locale-en-us
totem
totem-common
totem-plugins
transmission-common
transmission-gtk
ubuntu-web-launchers
uno-libs3
ure
usb-creator-gtk
vino
zeitgeist-core


E3 Ubuntu Steps for Nginx proxy pass a port to port 80

Config looks valid. So you should check:

iptables on you Ubuntu instance (iptables -L -n).
Security group. Access on port 80 should be allowed for you IP, or your subnet, or everyone (0.0.0.0/0).
Network ACL. As with security group it should allow access on port 80. They work on subnet level.

Last two make sense only if you're running your instance in VPC.


Is it possible to adjust the vertical size of the Unity launcher?

I can't say yes, but my gut tells me no. Currently, there isn't much customization available for the Unity Launcher. While 12.04 promises to be better for Unity customization, currently, we're stuck with how Unity looks. To my knowledge, the size is set in stone. If someone, perhaps, were to make a CCSM plugin or something, you may have a shot. I think this would be a brilliant idea myself, but I have to unfortunately say that no, that's not possible as of yet. :(


How to set which archiver is used when executing `Extract here` menu command in file manager?

First go to an archive file then right click --> properties then from open with tab you can choose the default application to run as shown in the screen-shot :

Once you choose a default application it will be used every time you open a file of that type. 'extract here` will use the default application. That's for sure.


how do i install launchpad stable version?

For "stable", you would simply take the stable branch rather than the development branch (lp:launchpad/stable rather than lp:launchpad/devel).

Launchpad works fine on a single machine, there is no need for multiple nodes if you want a basic setup. You'll probably want quite a bit of memory though.


No Bluetooth Found: Plug in a dongle to use bluetooth

I am not sure how it happened, but I ran a lot of updating codes and etc, it had no immediate effect, but after letting my laptop rest for a few hours, the bluetooth just went back to normal.
I suspect it's specifically a problem with my laptop. I'm so sorry for the inconvenience.


Xenial 16.04 crashes with nouveau CACHE_ERROR

I encountered a similar error on fedora 25 - sometimes with chrome, and much more frequently with the webkit based native/default web browser.

The video display, mouse, keyboard would all freeze, but the ssh login would work - allowing one to see the nouveau cache errors in dmesg.

I tried a few arguments from https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/KernelModuleParameters/ , and developed the following workaround:

Add  nouveau.nofbaccel=1 to the Linux kernel line during booting.  On fedora it can be done by making changes to /etc/default/grub so that a line similar to this exists:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="verbose nouveau.nofbaccel=1"

After this, install this command line  using grub mkconfig:

grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

Reboot - preferably manually inspect that the command line has the flag.

After this change, the performance is a bit worse - but hardware acceleration is still detected by desktop manager - hence it works in full graphics mode.

Can you try this command line flag on Ubuntu boot on the line which specifies the Linux kernel to load.


multiple redirects in .htaccess file - execute first one

Try to add [L] flag at the end of the line. Think, might help.

RedirectMatch (?i)^/my-page https://www.differentsite.com/my-page [L]

More about flags in .htaccess here


Trying to source bashrc: No such file or directory

Your installation of OpenFoam4 is broken as on installation on my Xenial system there is quite a comprehensive /opt/openfoam4/etc/bashrc configuration file in place that is appropriately sourced from the user file ~/.bashrc.

I strongly suggest that you reinstall the application to correct missing files in /opt. For Trusty and Xenial make sure you have followed these steps:

sudo add-apt-repository http://dl.openfoam.org/ubuntu
sudo sh -c "wget -O - http://dl.openfoam.org/gpg.key | apt-key add -"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install openfoam4

Then add the following line to ~/.bashrc, making sure that it is only there once:

source /opt/openfoam4/etc/bashrc

To test this run the following commands, as demonstrated on my own system:

andrew@athens:~$ source ~/.bashrc
andrew@athens:~$ simpleFoam -help

Usage: simpleFoam [OPTIONS]
options:
  -case <dir>       specify alternate case directory, default is the cwd
  -noFunctionObjects
                    do not execute functionObjects
  -parallel         run in parallel
  -postProcess      Execute functionObjects only
  -roots <(dir1 .. dirN)>
                    slave root directories for distributed running
  -srcDoc           display source code in browser
  -doc              display application documentation in browser
  -help             print the usage

Using: OpenFOAM-4.0 (see www.OpenFOAM.org)
Build: 4.0-665f1db4c1f1

andrew@athens:~$

And you should now see a very comprehensive configuration file in place at /opt/openfoam4/etc/bashrc...

References:

OpenFoam: Download v4.0 | Ubuntu


How do I add more visualizations into VLC?

you can use ProjectM visualizations. you can download them from

http://projectm.sourceforge.net/

after downloading them extract them with

tar -xvf <filename.tar>

Then open INSTALL file  with favorite text editor. they will have the installation instructions


Clipboard TTS Custom Keyboard Doesn't Work

Keyboard shortcut commands do not get interpreted by a shell, so you can't normally use shell features like pipes in them directly.

Change your shortcut command to explicitly run in a Bash shell:

bash -c 'xsel --clipboard | festival --tts'


Try this.

1). Open the terminal and execute this command.

  ping www.google.com

If it says

  ping: unknown host google.com

you should follow the below mentioned way.

Select the Sharing internet connection (on the hosting OS).

Network Connection Properties -> advanced -> Allow other users to connect...


Ubuntu 18.04.4 with nvidia-driver-440 freezing screen

You can try reading this answer: How do I install the Nvidia drivers?

I had the same problem for weeks. Unfortunately, the only way to use Ubuntu for me was to change from the Nvidia driver to Intel.
You can do it with:
sudo prime-select intel


How to upgrade my ubuntu 14.04 linux kernel 4.4 to linux kernel 4.12

Although it's not supported in that old distribution, you could use the latest using the mainline kernels as described here:

Should I upgrade to the "mainline" kernels?

Unfortunately it looks like the Xenial kernel is the latest supported on 14.04 and it looks like there is no point release in the near future:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/TrustyTahr/ReleaseSchedule


Some possible problems with your Ubuntu VM are:

You have time sync with the host enabled (this is common on VMware and Hyper-V systems) and it is interfering with NTP's ability to set the virtual system clock.
The host on which you are running your Ubuntu VM is under heavy load and/or has an inaccurate hardware clock.

Post your NTP configuration and we may be able to make further suggestions.


Yes, the AMD64 ISO of Ubuntu 14.04 will work, since your computer's processor is 64bit.


I know this is an odd set of steps to follow, however I found the following to work each and every time on my i7/7th Gen NUC from MicroCenter, where sound worked throught the headphone jack, but not through HDMI. Only thing is...I don't have a clue as to WHY it works.

Note:

Read this before doing it. Write down the steps so you can get back to the desktop.

Steps:

Open up Youtube.com to any video, so that you will hear sound when it comes back on.
Enter TTYL Terminal by simultaneously pressing the keys Ctrl+Alt+F1
Exit TTYL Terminal by simultaneously pressing hitting the keys Ctrl+Alt+F7
The sound should be working now.
Background:

I originally found this solution (AFTER HOURS OF RESEARCH) by accident because I needed to enter the TTYL terminal to initially set my root user's password without restarting. As soon as I logged in as my user (before resetting any passwords) the sound randomly started working. Eventually, I found that simply entering TTYL terminal and returning to the desktop while audio SHOULD be playing caused it to work as expected ... UNTIL RESTARTING.

SO,

This solution ONLY works for the current session. If your computer restarts for any reason, you will have to again perform this action.

If you find any other information on this, including a more permanent fix, please inform so that everyone can act on it!

Thanks,

Joseph


How can I print a PDF document on multiple pages?

This should do the job: command line PDF poster printer

To install, use apt-get as follows:

sudo apt-get install pdfposter

Example of usage for A4 -> A2 size:

$ pdfposter -v -mA4 -pA2 input_A4.pdf output_4_A4.pdf
---- processing page 1 -----
Deciding for 2 column and 2 row of portrait pages.


"file /var/log/syslog is being edited" message in nano

If the option "vim-style lock-files" is enables (set locking in nanorc), which is the case by default, nano creates a special so called "lock file" while you edit a file to indicate that the file is currently edited.

Normally this file is removed when nano is closed, but that doesn't happen if you kill it by closing the terminal.

Just remove the file

/var/log/.syslog.swp


i am a ubuntu user with dual boot , does deleting some large files from system volume information cause some problms while using windows 7

As an Ubuntu user I frequently delete the Windows folder "System Volume Information" and no harm is done. But if you use Windows, it automatically re-creates this folder to store some system information which in Windows drive/partition may also include "System Restore" files. I believe by deleting them you merely prevent Windows from going back in time ;-) I know this only for Windows XP though, not Windows 7.
You might perhaps move or rename that folder, and see what happens before completely deleting it.


Cursor is an X and panel isn't working correctly

You might reinstall your desktop manager.

sudo apt-get install --reinstall gdm ubuntu-desktop lightdm unity

You shouldn't use startx, login in lightdm, or if it doesn't work, then install gdm:

sudo apt-get install lightdm- gdm


You can download a deb file for 64-bit or 32-bit Ubuntu.

I tested it. It installs on Ubuntu 14.04.3.

Download it to your Home folder and run

sudo dpkg -i rebar*.deb

If some dependencies are not installed, run

sudo apt-get install -f


The download was triggered by the "security" setting. "when there are security updates" does not mean it downloads just the security updates. It will download all updates (and (I assume) will only install the security related updates).

The image without the download did not have a security update.


Problem with PlayOnLinux and The Sims 4: "The program has encountered a serious problem and needs to be closed."

I configured my wine to be windows XP and it worked. I had the same problem and it turned out it had been set to windows 7. So definitely try that. That being said, I know nothing about computers but I thought I'd share what worked for me.


12.04 LTS - 14.04 LTS File Manager: No sidebar tree or menu bar

I think I've got the answer to this.  Depressing as it is.
The Gnome folks have re-engineered nautilus (Ubuntu File Manager) such that it no longer has these features.  Very strange, but it seems to have been a conscious decision.
There is talk of Ubuntu dropping nautilus as its file manager and replacing it with one derived from merging their phone and tablet file managers.  We'll see...
So it seems like we may have to wait until the next LTS release to get a decent default file manager in Ubuntu.
-chaz


I get the following errors when I use sudo apt-get update

It would help if you gave us more information about what version you're using, etc.

Answering your question on how to modify the package sources, you might want to use the "software and updates" then select the "Other software" tab, and finally select the line that causes trouble and click on edit.


Trying to install 13.04 or 12.04 or 12.10 on macbook pro 2010 with 17" display

If you want to switch to Console mode from GUI mode in GNOME follow this simple steps
To switch to Console mode Press ‘Ctrl + Alt + F1′ (F2 -- F6)

To switch between consoles in Console mode Press ‘Alt + F1′ (F2 -- F6)

To switch back to GNOME GUI mode Press ‘Alt + F7′

On terminal, type sudo dmidecode -s system-product-name to determine your exact Macbook Pro model then check the relevant article from the following link

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MacBookPro

P.S. the only available Wiki for Ubuntu 13.04 is for MacbookPro 10,2.


you can try this:
sudo apt remove --purge --auto-remove mysql-server


I had the same issue installing mine on a MSI GL62M 7RDX few days ago. What I did was reboot the system, go directly to Install Ubuntu, delete the previous partition I created in Try Ubuntu, and continue with installation.


I am not able to Install a printer after upgrading to Ubuntu 16.04

Hp has support for certain printers so you can check here.

Steps:

follow the link provided above
click on the download HPLIP button
select the following from the drop down:

distribution (in your case ubuntu)
version (16.04)
printer type (pick your printer type from the list)
printer model (your printer model)

click next

Now if your printer is already supported by your distro (ubuntu) then nothing else but if you need the latest drivers then click next to download it.

if you decided to download latest drivers, simply follow the online instructions to install.

Hope it helps.


I am currently doing this on a fairly old box using Ubuntu server and BitTorrent Sync. It was my first Ubuntu Server installation which was much easier than I expected.  BitTorrent Sync was a snap to set up, can be easily administered remotely on both instances, syncs almost instantly with no intervention.  I don't think the backup server even has Samba installed.


What is Network-manager trying to do with rdisc?

These NetworkManager errors and UFW blocking are related to router solicitation messages. ICMPv6 TYPE=133 are your host originating requests  for IPv6 configuration.

If you use IPv6, add a rule in (g)ufw: Policy: Allow, Direction: Out, To: ff02::2 and the messages won't appear any more.
If you don't use IPv6, disable it by following the answer to this question.


Ubuntu has an Accessibility suite called Universal Access, of which there are keyboard controls.  Unfortunately, no custom mapping tools.

Another tool I found was Onboard which presents a keyboard onto your screen.  If you have a big screen, this may be the fastest solution.

Third, there may be some possibility with Keyboard tool by creating a Custom Shortcut.  Reading over the options, it does not appear there is an actual key remapping mechanism but something to explore.

Best solution was discovered on StackExchange.

Checkout this thread.  There is a command which you can use to redefine keys called xmodmap.

How can I remap keyboard keys?

Hope this helps.


Ubuntu 16.04 is not detecting external displays

I'm a dummy. All I had to do was install the display link video drivers.
Instructions can be found here.

In short:

Download the drivers here. (Happily, 16.04 is supported).
Extract the zipfile. The zip file contains a license and a single shell script named displaylink-driver-[version number].run
Give the file execute priviliges via chmod a+x [filename]
Execute the file via sh.

With any luck you should be able to plug right in with no restart necessary.


[Please be aware, that an advanced user will be able to override this method. It is enough to boot the computer into a live system with a USB/DVD boot drive or to move the USB drive to another computer.]

Mount a FAT32 partition in a pendrive with write permissions only for root

FAT32 and NTFS file systems get their permissions in linux when mounted, and they cannot be changed for individual directories and files. The crucial part of the example is the command line to mount the FAT32 partition on the USB drive.

This example assumes that the pendrive is seen as /dev/sdx. Replace x with the actual drive letter, for example b: /dev/sdx1 ---> /dev/sdb1

sudo mkdir -p /mnt/sd1  # only if you want a new mountpoint
sudo umount /dev/sdx1   # only if already mounted (but with bad permissions)

sudo mount -o rw,users,umask=022 /dev/sdx1 /mnt/sd1  # mount

ls -ld /mnt/sd1                          # check permissions

sudo bash -c "echo 'Hello World' > /mnt/sd1/hello.txt"  # test writing with sudo
cat /mnt/sd1/hello.txt                   # test reading (as user)
ls -l /mnt/sd1                           # check permissions of the content
rm /mnt/sd1/hello.txt                    # test removing (as user)
echo 'I am a user' > /mnt/sd1/user.txt   # test writing (as user)


What should be the path for storing Maildir e-mails?

There isn't really any such thing as "the correct path to store Maildir mail."  You store it wherever you want to store it.  You might choose to store it under users' homedirs, or you might choose to store it under an arbitrary path like /data/mail, or... whatever.


Try launching qjackctl after disabling pulseaudio using this command:
pasuspender qjackctl

If this fails, this command returns the process using sound device:
sudo fuser -v /dev/snd/*
If pulseaudio is the locking process: disable pulseaudio autospawn then kill it:
echo autospawn=no > ~/.config/pulse/client.conf
killall pulseaudio
When finished with jackd, revert to autospawned pulseaudio :
echo autospawn=yes > ~/.config/pulse/client.conf
start pulseaudio:
pulseaudio


dkms does not automatically rebuild after kernel upgrade

From the comments...

There were multiple problems to solve.

we removed the /usr/src/gmock and /usr/src/gtest as they weren't dkms software modules. If you need this software for some reason, either reinstall it, or create ~/src and put the gmock/gtest software there, and do the appropriate make commands (or whatever) to build that software.
we removed the /var/lib/dkms/anbox* directories as they were missing their associated /usr/src/anbox* source code due to an incomplete uninstall, and caused the dkms status command to fail, looking for a dkms.conf file that didn't exist.
the dkms status now correctly shows the installed status of bbswitch, nividia, and virtualbox dkms softwares.
future kernel upgrades should properly build/rebuild the remaining bbsswitch, nividia, and virtualbox dkms software modules.
we also checked that the virtualbox-dkms was the correct version for the installed virtualbox.


The problem is likely with last line you followed in your instructions:

echo "set path = ($path /Documents/visit/bin)" >> .cshrc

This only applies if you're using C Shell. As a Ubuntu user the chances are that your default shell is bash.

Since you're getting a "command not found" error when trying to run your application, you can assume that your current $PATH variable doesn't include the folder /Documents/visit/bin. You can check this by running the following command:

echo $PATH

This will likely return something along the lines of:

/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games

To do the equivalent with bash you'll want to follow the instructions in this question over on Stack Overflow: How to permanently set $PATH on Linux?

Alternatively... follow these steps:

Edit .bashrc or .profile (in your home directory) with your favourite editor
Find a line that states export PATH=, if you find one, skip to step 4
Add a line at the bottom of the file that states export PATH=$PATH
Add :<path/to>/visit/bin to the end of the line you found in step 2, or added in step 3, where <path/to> is the folder you installed visit into

You only need to add this line in either .bashrc or .profile, there's no need to add it to both.


I've got the same problem, and there is solution. I don't think that it is good idea or something like that but it's working for me.

Set levels in your mixer you want to restore at startup
Do this in the command line:

alsactl store

3 . And put this simple script in autostart (as script):

#!/bin/bash
for i in `seq 1 20`;
 do
  sleep 1
  alsactl restore
 done

(I don't know what change levels at startup, but if just execute 'alsactl restore' or 'sleep 10 && alsactl restore' it does not work)


How to setup a RAID Install with Ubuntu 12.04 LTS?

You need to use an Alternate 12.04.1 ISO for RAID setup - 32bit, 64bit.

For a complete walk-through, please see the Wiki page.


How to find the problem causing slow boot

Since you formatted the existing swap, Ubuntu (and even Fedora) may not be recognizing the swap, which may be a possible cause. Boot to Ubuntu and open the System Monitor to see if the Swap is "not available". Alternatively, type in the terminal cat /proc/swaps to see which swap devices are being used.

If the swap is not available, you must to tell the system to use it, because it's UUID changed. These are the steps:

Type in the terminal

sudo blkid

to see the UUID of the partitions. Search for the swap UUID.
Now, open in the terminal

sudo gedit /etc/fstab

and change the UUID of the swap partition with the new one. The line will be something like this:

UUID=e911d747-0add-49dc-a37d-7b6b16656c2g none swap sw 0 0

Then restart the system and see if the swap is being detected. Verify if the problem of slow boot was gone.


I have taken the liberty of simplifying the directions available
on the git site with the expectation that if you follow these
directions you will get a functioning executable under Trusty Tahr.

1. Install the required compiler:

The following is a single command which can simply be copied and then pasted into Terminal window:

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test && \
sudo apt update -y && sudo apt-get install -y gcc-5 g++-5 make && \
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-5 1 \
--slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-5

Bear in mind that the update-alternatives command is designed to automatically use this version of gcc for compiling. Test this version as follows:

andrew@ilium:~$ gcc --version | head -n 1
gcc (Ubuntu 5.4.1-2ubuntu1~14.04) 5.4.1 20160904
andrew@ilium:~$

Bear in mind that the default version of gcc under Trusty is 4.8.2.

2. Install the required version of cmake:

The following is a single command which can simply be copied and then pasted into Terminal window:

mkdir $HOME/xmr-stak-cpu_build && cd $HOME/xmr-stak-cpu_build && \
wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v3.4/cmake-3.4.1.tar.gz && \
tar xvf cmake-3.4.1.tar.gz && cd cmake-3.4.1 && \
./configure && make && sudo make install && \
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/cmake cmake /usr/local/bin/cmake 1 --force

Bear in mind that again the update-alternatives command is designed to automatically use this version of cmake for compiling. Test this version as follows:

andrew@ilium:~$ cmake --version | head -n 1
cmake version 3.4.1
andrew@ilium:~$

Bear in mind that the default Trusty version of cmake is actually 2.8.12.

3. Download and build xmr-stak-cpu:

The following is a single command which can simply be copied and then pasted into Terminal window:

sudo apt-get install -y libmicrohttpd-dev libssl-dev libhwloc-dev && \
cd $HOME/xmr-stak-cpu_build && \
wget --content-disposition \
https://github.com/fireice-uk/xmr-stak-cpu/archive/v1.3.0-1.5.0.tar.gz && \
tar xvf xmr-stak-cpu-1.3.0-1.5.0.tar.gz && \
cd xmr-stak-cpu-1.3.0-1.5.0 && \
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$HOME/xmr-stak-cpu && make install

The executable and config file will now be found in: $HOME/xmr-stak-cpu/bin
and all that remains is for you to set up your config file! Seen on my own
14.04 system:

andrew@ilium:~$ cd xmr-stak-cpu/bin/
andrew@ilium:~/xmr-stak-cpu/bin$ ./xmr-stak-cpu -h
[2017-10-22 16:41:22] : Usage ./xmr-stak-cpu [CONFIG FILE]
andrew@ilium:~/xmr-stak-cpu/bin$

Notes:

If all else fails I have created a static build of this application suitable for 64bit Trusty That can be installed as follows:

cd $HOME && \
wget http://www.andrews-corner.org/downloads/xmr-stak-cpu_64bit_static.tar.gz && \
tar xvf xmr-stak-cpu_64bit_static.tar.gz

This was created using the above technique but with the addition of the option -DCMAKE_LINK_STATIC=ON when compiling xmr-stak-cpu.
Compile xmr-stak for Linux: Directions for Linux compiles.
If you like you can now completely remove the build folder:

rm -rfv $HOME/xmr-stak-cpu_build


Disable mouse acceleration in Ubuntu 15.10

You can make it nice and simple simply by running:

xset m 00

Which will completely turn off mouse acceleration.

!#/bin/bash
xset m 00

Save the file as a .sh script - make it executable with chmod +x filename, add it as a startup program in the Startup Applications program, and you're good to go!


`g++` commands isn't working and APT is reporting `g++` is installed

Steps you can try:

Try sudo apt update before running sudo apt install g++.
Restart the Terminal. (If you connect via SSH, try reconnecting.)
Remove the g++ with sudo apt purge g++, and reinstall it.

If you want to know if the package installed, check out
this answer.


Opening Screenshot in capture menu not in the action menu!

It seems the pannel properties window really dos something!
It saves the settings chosen for further use, so now it chooses the active window with a delay of 4 seconds, which is ample to open right-click menues and possition the curser!

The [PrntScrn] button [Fn] [F10]/[F11] on my labtop is configured from the
settings menu - settings Editor - xfce shortcuts.!

By remowing the -f flag I get the Pick-menu, not just the save menu.


Why do I get a "file too big" error when I transfer files to an external hard drive that has plenty of room?

If the drive is formatted as FAT32 (I suppose this is the case since you say it is msdos), then the maximum file size will be approx 4gb: you can have plenty of files on it, but each one can be 4gb max.

You should reformat the hard disk as NTFS (if you want to retain the compatibility with Windows) or EXT3 or EXT4


When will Landscape be available for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS?

It will show up on the frontpage of https://help.landscape.canonical.com when xenial support is ready.


libapache2-mod-fastcgi not available on Ubuntu 16.04 multiverse

The package you are looking for is not in the xenial-security repository, it's in the Multiverse component of the core Ubuntu repository for Xenial.

From rmadison, a tool that can be used to get information about what packages exist in what repositories/components from the Ubuntu repository data, we can determine both the Repository and Component in which the package exists (xenial/Multiverse indicates it is in the core xenial repository, not the xenial-security one):

 libapache2-mod-fastcgi | 2.4.7~0910052141-1   | precise/multiverse | amd64, armel, armhf, i386, powerpc
 libapache2-mod-fastcgi | 2.4.7~0910052141-1.1 | trusty/multiverse  | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el
 libapache2-mod-fastcgi | 2.4.7~0910052141-1.1 | vivid/multiverse   | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el
 libapache2-mod-fastcgi | 2.4.7~0910052141-1.2 | wily/multiverse    | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el
 libapache2-mod-fastcgi | 2.4.7~0910052141-1.2 | xenial/multiverse  | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el, s390x
 libapache2-mod-fastcgi | 2.4.7~0910052141-1.2 | yakkety/multiverse | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el, s390x

You need to edit the xenial line of your sources.list to enable the Multiverse repository.  You may wish to also enabled Multiverse on xenial-updates and xenial-security so you get security and general updates.  (You may omit the xenial-updates if you want only security updates, but note you can introduce breakages if the Apache version changes in one repo but not the other)


How do I change the default Openbox settings for new users on Lubuntu?

Openbox stores its settings in an XML file. For already-created users, this is found at ~/.config/openbox/lxqt-rc.xml (or .../lubuntu-rc.xml on 18.04), which you can modify to test out your changes. However, to make your changes apply to new users as well, you need to edit the XML file that will be applied to new users. This is located at /etc/xdg/xdg-Lubuntu/openbox/lxqt-rc.xml (or /usr/share/lubuntu/openbox/rc.xml on 18.04).
For your specific example of disabling virtual desktops, you need to change the <number> tag in the <desktops> section to 1:
...
<desktops>
  <number>2</number>   <!-- change this line -->
  <firstdesk>1</firstdesk>
  ...

I'd suggest making the change to ~/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml, logging out and back in to check that it does what you expect, then copying it to be the default:
sudo cp ~/.config/openbox/lxqt-rc.xml /etc/xdg/xdg-Lubuntu/openbox/lxqt-rc.xml

# Or, on 18.04:
sudo cp ~/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml /usr/share/lubuntu/openbox/rc.xml


How to get X11 Running Again After Crash

the solution lies herein purge/remove/reinstall nvidia driver, also do not forget to check additional drivers and choose and activate the right one.
And you can check it with:

jockey-text -l

to activate and config the driver:

sudo nvidia-xconfig

to start it:

gksudo nvidia-settings


When an apt package is flagged as "automatically installed", is it possible to view which package triggered the installation?

This is a example of script that use 2 commands to scan all packages information , to identify manual packages that installation of your packages .
apt list -installed
=> provide a list of package and you can see if the package was installed automaticaly

apt-cache rdepends --installed PACKAGE
=> provide a list currently installed that depends on PACKAGE
#!/bin/bash
if [ -z "$1" ]
then
    echo help:
    echo  $0    PACKAGE
    echo
    echo find packages that was manual installed that install PACKAGE as a dependency
    echo
    exit 1
fi
ROOT_PKG="$1";
echo "package $ROOT_PKG" ;
FG=$(mktemp);
apt list --installed 2>/dev/null | grep automatic > $FG;
ALREADY_DISPLAY=":"
ALREADY_SCAN=":"
while [ -n "$ROOT_PKG" ];
do
      for P in $ROOT_PKG;
      do
              ROOT_PKG="";
              for RDP in $( apt-cache rdepends --installed $P | sed '0,/^Reverse Depends:/  d;' );
              do
                      RDP=$(echo "$RDP" | sed 's/^|//' ) ;
                      if ( grep -q "^${RDP}/"  $FG );
                      then
                              if ( ! ( echo "$ALREADY_SCAN" | grep -q ":$RDP" ) )
                              then
                                  ROOT_PKG="$ROOT_PKG $RDP";
                                  ALREADY_SCAN="$ALREADY_SCAN:$RDP"
                              fi
                      else
                              if ( ! ( echo "$ALREADY_DISPLAY" | grep -q ":$RDP" ) )
                              then
                                 echo " was needed by $RDP";
                                 ALREADY_DISPLAY="$ALREADY_DISPLAY:$RDP"
                              fi
                      fi;
              done;
      done;
done;


How to swap left Alt with left Win and use left Alt as 3rd level chooser?

There is a shortcut in the 'setxkbmap' command that does exactly that.
# Usefule for 'mac' keyboards.
setxkbmap -option altwin:swap_alt_win

I find it useful with Mac keyboards. However, it may interfer with other modifications that you do with xkb.