Where can I find more information on a bug that causes rendering issues with ubuntu-gnome textareas in 18.04?

Turns out that a fix for another, unrelated issue, causes this.  That fix, was to set the input method from IBus to XIM. Setting it to XIM causes the weird transparancy glitch.

Reverting the input-method back to IBus fixes all the weird transparancy-issues. Not just in gnome-calculator, but in e.g. gedit too.

Here's the page with fix for unrelated, MetaMask issue, that I followed and which is what caused this bug to appear. Here's the bug-report with a comment by letatcest explaining the transparancy -issue that this fix causes.


How to remove "tradeexchange.com" link opening everytime in Chrome[ubuntu 15.10]

Go to your Addons Ctlr + Shift + A
Click on the Extensions tab on the left.
Look for the AdBlock Super Addon and remove it then restart Firefox.

Source: https://productforums.google.com/d/msg/chrome/6UpyKspMv7o/0qjzITOcP0kJ


First you need to check your filesystem, because of the first four error messages. Boot to the emergency boot GRUB menu choice and drop down to root level and type fsck -f /. Run that command again, if need be, until it runs without errors.

Then, do you have Intel processors? If so, install intel-microcode and reboot the machine. In terminal, type dmesg|grep microcode to see that it's checking/updating the processor microcode.

Let me know if that helps with your shutdown problem. Cheers, Al


Can't update mysql without system root password set

You could try to enable passwordless login to mySQL via Unix Socket which is usually enabled by default, but maybe you have changed that.

Login to mysql root shell and run this:

grant usage on *.* to 'root'@'localhost' identified via unix_socket;

If this doesn't work, try to add a file ~/.my.cnf with content:

[client]
user=root
password=your_password

make it readable only by the owner (and root):

chmod 600 ~/.my.cnf

and then try again.


Install Blender (.tar.bz2) in Ubuntu 16.04LTS

To get version 2.8 from terminal:

Add repository, update and install:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:thomas-schiex/blender
sudo apt update && sudo apt dist-upgrade
sudo apt install blender

To revert to the official version:

sudo apt install ppa-purge && sudo ppa-purge ppa:thomas-schiex/blender


How do I find which user executes the script when is used sudo?

I had a similar problem a while ago, and the only way that has worked reliably for me so far, is:

echo ${SUDO_USER:-${USER}}

As long as the user works with the shell as himself, $USER contains his username. When he calls sudo, for the new subshell $SUDO_USER is set to what is $USER in the calling shell, and $USER becomes root, of course.

The trick with the operator :- is, that the whole expression evaluates to $SUDO_USER if it is set (so inside the subshell opened by sudo), and otherwise to $USER. Therefore, you always have the correct username and don't have to worry much about the context the expression is evaluated in, which I found to be convenient.


I think that your problem is the mime type of docx files.
You can execute this command to check what the OS think about docx files:
mimetype document.docx
# or
file --mime-type -b document.docx

The output should be one of this:

application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
application/octet-stream

If the result is application/zip, then you should check the app that you are using to edit your files.
You can install LibreOffice or check directly in /etc/mime.types.


Persistence USB with External Python Libraries

The easiest way is to follow this Q&A with two small exceptions:

Don't delete the home directory and don't link to an external HDD (steps 4 & 5)

Then you'll have a fully working Ubuntu-on-a-stick…  :-)


You can try resetting your Gnome Desktop, there are two ways to do this:

Reset from Gnome tweaks

Open terminal, paste following command:

sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

Bring up gnome tweaks, then click tweaks taskbar, select Reset to Defaults from dropdown.
Reset from terminal

Execute following command to terminal:

dconf reset -f /org/gnome/

Source: http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2018/06/reset-gnome-desktop-ubuntu-18-04/


Ubuntu Stuck at the Startup Screen; how to get it working?

I recently had a similar problem - in my case, the .profile file had become corrupted. Move this to .profile_old and try logging in again. The only other problem I am aware of that can cause this is a bad Xorg conifguration - you might check that that's all correct too if the first suggestion doesn't help.


Do not have choice to boot lubuntu, go straight to XP

Did you set the boot flag to the Lubuntu partition? If not, use your Live Lubuntu to do that (using GParted).


Screen brightness cannot be changed after upgrade to 14.10

In the terminal:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Change

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi="

Save, then

sudo update-grub

Restart computer.

The function keys (fn+F5/F6) should now be active.


Installing Cellwriter

Cellwriter regonizes handwriting and transforms it into text.

Cellwriter on youtube

You need to activate the universe repository. Then you can install cellwriter with

sudo apt-get install cellwriter

There is some more good info to lift from this post. I hope to translate and copy here later.


Non sudoers cannot ssh to Ubuntu machine?

Maybe worth looking into /etc/ssh/sshd_config on machine B. Maybe when it was set up, it was set up only for a specific user? Scroll to bottom of the sshd_config file and look for AllowUsers.

Hope it helps.


How to securely wipe my SSD before reinstalling an encrypted Ubuntu?

Use the secure erase feature since there might be spare sectors etc. so just overwriting 3 times is maybe not enough

Archwiki also has a good feature on that


Am I suppose to have a small or hidden partition HD?

Your laptop probably came with a Windows preinstalled. The hidden partition likely stores the files for the "Reset to Factory Defaults" option in bios, where you can wipe out everything and reinstall windows to the initial state.

Note that if you do that you will likely lose your Linux install.

You can create backup windows recovery DVDs (or a blueray) from within Windows. Once you do that (as long as you trust the media you have written to) you can delete the hidden partitions and use the space for something more productive.


Right clicking the avi file, then Properties, and then Open With. This allows you to change the default program per file type


If I uninstall Windows will Ubuntu be uninstalled?

Just to let you know, a Wubi install is not considered a "dual boot", but I got what you meant. Wubi is actually installed inside Windows.

You should be able to use this thing called "Wubi move" which will port your Wubi install inside windows OUTSIDE OF WINDOWS allowing you to delete windows and leave Ubuntu in one piece.


Why can't I switch between open windows in 12.04?

I believe you need to be clicking the small white arrow next to the launcher icon.

Hope this is what you looking for.


how I can install a package. deb without internet connection in the terminal?

The easiest way I know to install a local deb file is to run the following command:

sudo dpkg -i packagename.deb

from a terminal.


Both which virtualenv and find /usr/ -iname "virtualenv" | grep bin should return/usr/bin/virtualenv. virtualenv is not installed in the right directory. It should be installed in /usr/bin/virtualenv instead of /usr/local/bin/virtualenv so reinstall it.

sudo apt install --reinstall python-virtualenv

For concise information about virtualenv basic usage visit Virtual Environments — The Hitchhiker's Guide to Python.


Creating Hello World from a command prompt, and then show results in Firefox

As one-liner? ;)

echo '<!DOCTYPE html><meta charset="UTF-8">Hello World' > index.html && xdg-open index.html

awk is also command line, therefore

awk '//' <<<'<!DOCTYPE html><meta charset="UTF-8">Hello World' > ~/tmp/index.html && xdg-open ~/tmp/index.html

Terrible, but also possible

echo "Hello World" > index.html && xdg-open index.html


Ubuntu 13.10-desktop doesn't detect wi-fi adapter under vmware

VMware if I remember rightly has a bridged mode in its Network settings that allows you to emulate a physical network. Try enabling that. Sorry I can't go in to more detail than that but as long as your OS running VMware is connected to the Internet Ubuntu will be too.

EDIT:

"This happen also on real not virtual machine. Laptop is Dell Vustro 1500. Only wired network and no wireless?"

This suggests you are missing wireless drivers. You should be able to download these off of Dells website.


If you want to use a PPA, then there is no way to upload your .deb files directly. What you have to do is to upload your source package files and launchpad will take care of uploading the binary package files in a controlled environment for security reasons. This also has the advantage that binary packages for all supported architectures will be generated.

If you want just to make a .deb file available in launchpad without using a PPA and you already have a project, you need to create a milestone, work on the bugs you want to fix and create a release when you're done. Once the release is created, you can upload all the files you need and they will available in the downloads section of your project.


Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Problem with wifi connections

The problem is with a partially installed kernel, probably without the extra package. Modile iwlwifi is not loading.

Update the system by sudo apt full-upgrade, it will install a new kernel.


No new version found. Upgrading 12.10 to 13.04

What server do you use for fetching the upgrade? Maybe the new release is not available on that server.

In my case, I first tried a local server in my country ( as I do for every security fix) but that didn't work. I was denied access to some packages. Upgrade broke off.

Then I used the main server and everything was ok (and fast).


This is not a solution but another workaround:

If you are using the nvidia card you should switch to the intel one before the suspension, that worked for me (i'm using the proprietary drivers instead of the nouveau ones but i think that should work on your configuration too).

Someone in other posts, like yarrok said, suggests to make a bash script that intercepts the suspension and switches to a virtual console before suspending and switches again on the x-session on restore automatically, but that hasn't worked for me.
However, if you find out how to switch your video driver programmatically you could use the same trick to switch it automatically before the suspension and restore it on resume.

The only thing that concerns me is that probably when you switch video driver you have to logout to apply the change.


This may not serve as an answer (but I can't comment yet):
 when u login on terminal type startx and see if that starts GUI for you or as Roland said try sudo start gdm
 Once your GUI starts you can provide more details easily as Oli is expecting to fix starting directly in GUI.
 If none of those work then you may have to work on terminal and provide more details.

Best luck :)


From the papercut website:

  The One Hundred Paper Cuts project exists to work on the little
  annoyances in Ubuntu. These bugs are normally considered too low
  priority for the developers of the apps in question, who already have
  more than enough to work on, and so the One Hundred Paper Cuts project
  comes along and picks them up. In each release cycle, the project aims
  to fix 100 of these little bugs and in doing so, give Ubuntu a layer
  of polish that is not typically found in other Linux distros.

As for the definition of a paper cut:

  Put briefly, a paper cut is a trivially fixable usability bug that the average user would encounter in default installation of Ubuntu Desktop Edition.

  If you prefer a more detailed, itemized definition, a paper cut is:

  A bug, or an unintended problem occurring within an existing piece of
  software,
  the presence of which makes a computer more difficult or less
  pleasant to use,
  that is easy to fix,
  that the average user would encounter...
  in a default installation of Latest release of Ubuntu or Kubuntu, Desktop Edition.

  If a potential paper cut fails to meet any of the criteria above, it is not a paper cut.

All the information on how to get involved is on the site too.
See One Hundred Papercuts - Ubuntu Wiki for more information.


You can read the various Debian documentation:

Debian New Maintainers' Guide - intended at new package maintainers like yourself. (PDF here.)
Debian FAQ:

Package management basics.
Package management tools.


Go to the folder you downloaded the laidout-0.0o91.tar.bz2 from the terminal and type,

tar -jxvf laidout-0.0o91.tar.bz2

then type, cd laidout-0.0o91

afterwards, less README

you will see the installation instructions in your terminal window.

(by the way, if your processor is 64bit, there's a .deb installer to download. Just download that and then double click it to install.)


Ubuntu 13.04 boot time is 1 min 20 seconds!

Try turning off your swap, because it seems to be taking forever to load.

You can do this by deleting the line in /etc/fstab that contains your swap partition.


How to transfer chat conversation history of Pidgin from one computer to another?

Yes, and account configurations. Just copy the purple hidden directory in your home.

~/.purple

You can learn about .purple location and other frequent asqued questions in pidgin FAQ.

https://developer.pidgin.im/wiki/Using%20Pidgin#Whereismy.purpledirectory


Login Screen Crashes and enter without password in 14.04LTS?

Have you tried switching to other windows manager? For example, lightdm, gdm, kdm, xdm. You can do that by simply running sudo apt-get install kdm, then run sudo dpkg-reconfigure kdm, and choose that one or install any other windows manager and do the same thing.


If you are running the default Ubuntu VNC server vino, incredibly there is no log information produced by this application, so there is no straightforward way to see who connected to it.

There has been a bug/feature request regarding this for years.


Well actually you SHOULD update to Ubuntu 12.10 (Not just do an upgrade from 12.04 to 12.10 but actually start from scratch with 12.10 just to be sure). This is because in 12.10, many features found in the Linux kernel for the Intel core i3, i5, i7 and their respective video cards (HD 3000 and 4000) were added. So you will substantially see a huge benefit when you jump to 12.10. I know I did with my i7 and HD 3000.

Basically there is much more support for all Intel Core 2nd and 3rd generations in 12.10. There is also more support for newer motherboards and devices in general.

Also, the performance of the Intel HD 3000 and 4000 is way better than in 12.04.

I also read your BUG link and it started with many users having problem, but the more they moved to a newer version, the less people reported problems, and they even included several solutions to that specific bug. Either way, upgrading to 12.10 will most likely solve your problem and if not, you at least have several new options to try out from that bug report that have worked for several users.


Prosody

Available from the software center its claim to fame is "easy to set up and configure, and light on resources."

It appears to be actively developed - detail on the linked website.  The PPA on launchpad doesnt look like it is being maintained anymore - so perhaps avoid this and use the deb from the linked website for testing the latest version i.e. Natty is v0.7 whilst the current latest is v0.8.


sudo apt-get install vim -- is not working, failed with dependency issues

First, you have vim installed, and it is the newest version. You don't need to install it.

Second, you have some issues with Python packages. To solve them:
  - Run sudo apt-get -f install then run sudo dpkg --configure -a. Finally, run sudo apt-get -f install.
  - If the problem is not solved, run sudo apt-get install --reinstall python3


Wireless not detected on an hp Pavilion g6 - RT5390PCIe

Need to have connected to the Internet for this. Have you already gone into System->Adminstration->Hardware Drivers and Seen if any WiFi was listed if nothing was listed . i tracked down the manufacturers website and driver for you.  http://www.ralinktech.com/en/04_support/support.php?sn=501  Your WiFi Card is RT5390PCIe aka Ralink corp. Device 5390 Hope this helps!


Can't boot Snappy from SD card on Beaglebone Black!

Which BBB do you have. I have one with 2Gb of eMMC and I cant flash Snappy Ubuntu Core because image has 3,9 Gb. After flashing it is smaller. I think I read somewhere that it's going to be better with next version. But I think that it can be problem with 4Gb eMMC too.


Was trying to fix wireless now UBUNTU COMPLETELY OFFLINE no wired connectivity. What to do?

Fixed.
snap install network-manager
/etc/init.d/network-manager restart
This is scary stuff. Should not be possible to get into this state so easily.


How to install BlackMagic driver for 4.2.0 Linux kernel

Here a short procedure for patching the BlackMagic 10.5 drivers to work on 64-bit Debian systems with 4.2.x kernels:

Download and unpack the drivers. (Blackmagic_Desktop_Video_Linux_10.5.tar.gz)
sudo apt-get install git if it isn't there already.
cd Blackmagic_Desktop_Video_Linux_10.5/deb/amd64
Patch the deb using fakeroot and driver code from Github:

    fakeroot sh -c '
      mkdir tmp;
      dpkg-deb -R desktopvideo_10.5a17_amd64.deb tmp;
      cd tmp/usr/src;
      git clone https://github.com/iperry/blackmagic;
      rm -rf blackmagic-10.5a17/ && mv blackmagic blackmagic-10.5a17/;
      git clone https://github.com/iperry/blackmagic-io;
      rm -rf blackmagic-io-10.5a17/ && mv blackmagic-io blackmagic-io-10.5a17/;
      cd ../../../;
      dpkg-deb -b tmp desktopvideo_10.5a17_amd64-patched.deb;
    '

sudo dpkg -i desktopvideo_10.5a17_amd64-patched.deb
Continue with the rest of the installation as normal.

Credit @iperry for the driver patch.


Usted necesita tener nouveau.modeset=0 en el archivo. Así es como yo arranco Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS en mi Dell Inspiron 7559.

Por lo que la comida de archivo debe tener este aspecto:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT = "quiet splash nouveau.modeset = 0"

A continuación, deberá actualizar GRUB:

sudo update-grub

Translation:

You need to have `nouveau.modeset=0` in the grub file so that Ubuntu can boot.
After that, update grub by running sudo update-grub.


How to contact Canonical to sponsor an Event

I recommend contacting them via their main phone numbers depending on your area these can be found here: http://www.canonical.com/about-canonical/contact/our-offices

That's a good place to start, you could also contact their sales team here: http://www.ubuntu.com/business/services/contact

The first one is faster but more broad, but I think the sales team would be your best bet.


How do I find additional free repositories for Ubuntu 18.04 LTS?

Well, in Xubuntu you can install software from repositories but it's not the only place that you can achieve free open software. You can search at google the program that you want and you can find a lot of alternatives in Ubuntu Systems. For example, you can install skype for Ubuntu Systems in their official page, and you can find beta versions programs for linux too, then I encourage you to ask here if you dont find the software that you wanna install on your Ubuntu :)!

If you wanna list all your availables packages via terminal:

How to list packages from a ppa/source in command line?


No need to create custom options: you need to install the thunar-archive-plugin to have both Compress and Extract Here options. You may install it with the following command:

 sudo apt-get install thunar-archive-plugin

After installing (and closing all previous instances), you will find both options in Tunar's right-click menu.

Source


Both static and SLAAC IPv6 address for a NW connection

I have managed to resolve the issue myself.

I was looking around for various ways to add extra addresses to a connection via Network Manager configuration files. I was unable to find any way to properly do this, but there was a deprecated configuration option for the ipv6 scope in the connection configuration file located in the /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections folder. The "addresses" configuration directive, which was allegedly used for setting a list of addresses to add to the interface. The value is supposed to be an array of IPv6 address structures, which each in turn is a structure of 3 properties. A byte array containing the address, a uint32 number containing the mask and another byte array containing the gateway address. This is described in "nm-settings" man page. Unfortunately I was unable to find any examples of the required format and was unable to get this to work, so I gave up on finding a solution via Network Manager configuration.

Next I looked at the option to run post-up scripts, while still using network manager. This is supposed to be done by scripts in the /etc/network/if-up.d/ directory, but as it is not fully integrated with Network Manager and might reveal inconsistencies (according to some sources), I was forced to keep looking. That is when I found this post! It explains, how one can run scripts with the Network Manager built in dispatcher. Then another problem was beginning to show. The custom dispatcher scripts that are supposed to be located in the /etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/ directory can be run at various Phases of Network Managers doings and their execution order is controlled by the 2 digits in the beginning of the filename, but they are always run in the given phase. So if I had a script that is supposed to be run post-up (or at the up phase according to Network Manager), it would always execute at the "up" phase of Network Manager. So, whichever connection I would click on in the GUI, the Network Manager would end up running the script. This is not what I was looking for because I am required to only add an extra IPv6 address to one of the connections I have to set up and not the rest. Since the script would be run always, I had to find a way to determine which connection this script is being called for, where the "NetworkManager" man page came in handy. It says that the custom dispatcher scripts are being passed 2 arguments (interface/device and action/phase), but that the environment contains extra variables. One of which is the "CONNECTION_UUID" variable. This contains the uuid of the connection this script is being called for and the uuid of the connection can be found in the connection configuration file in the "/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/" directory. So within my dispatcher script I only have to check whether the variable contains the uuid of my desired connection and if so, only then execute the required command.

Example connection configuration file for a connection not requiring the extra address "/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/regular_connection" :

[802-3-ethernet]
duplex=full
mac-address=00:00:00:11:11:11

[connection]
id=regular_connection
uuid=12345678-90ab-cdef-0123-4567890abcde
type=802-3-ethernet

[ipv6]
method=auto

[ipv4]
method=auto

The special connection requiring the extra static IPv6 address on top of the SLAAC generated ones would have a configuration file similar to the regular one, but the uuid part is to be noted for usage in the dispatcher script. Exmaple configuration file for clarity purposes "/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/extra_static_ipv6_connection" :

[802-3-ethernet]
duplex=full
mac-address=00:00:00:11:11:11

[connection]
id=extra_ipv6_con
uuid=88888888-4444-4444-4444-cccccccccccc
type=802-3-ethernet

[ipv6]
method=auto

[ipv4]
method=auto

The next step would be to create the dispatcher script. Example dispatcher script "/etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/99_super_connection_post_up_script":

#!/bin/sh -e
# Script to add static local IPv6 address when connected to super network
# Runs a single command on appropriate circumstances
# $0 is command. $1 is interface. $2 is action.  $UUID is the uuid of current connection.
if [ -z "$1" ]; then
    echo "$0: called with no interface" 1>&2
    exit1;
fi

# Set reader friendly environment
export IFACE="$1"

# Check for action and on "up" action (post-up) add IPv6 address if connection uuid matches
case "$2" in
     up)
        if [ "$CONNECTION_UUID" = "88888888-4444-4444-4444-cccccccccccc" ]; then
          ip -6 addr add 2001:db8::10/64 dev $IFACE
        fi;
        ;;
    *)
        echo "$0: called with unknown action \'$2'" 1>&2
        exit 1
        ;;
esac

Now one can just switch the active connection in the GUI top right corner network connection drop-down list (Ubuntu 14.04 specific location in GUI). Whenever the "extra_ipv6_con" connection will be selected, after getting the auto configuration of both IPv4 and IPv6, the post-up/up phase Network Manager dispatcher script will be run and an extra/static IPv6 address will be assigned to the interface. If any of the other connections would be clicked, the network configuration will change to the selected one and the dispatcher script will be run again, but have no effect because of the mismatch in the UUID.

TLDR:

One can have Network Manager execute a script located in "/etc/NetworkManager/dispatcher.d/" directory whenever a connection is enabled with a click in GUI. This can serve as a post-up script or any other type TBH and only have effect on a single connection that is selected by matching the connection UUID. This script can contain the command mentioned in the question and therefor add the IPv6 address.


500 internal server error when trying to access phpMyAdmin after installing VestaCP control panel

Unfortunally there is no single guide on installing LAMP -that I know of-; however as you have not edited the .htaccess file manually, my educated guess would be, that in the main configuration file (or in the Virtual Host config file the directive AllowOverride AuthConfig is missing.

The tricky part is to find the right file. For VestaCP (https://vestacp.com/docs/#config-log-location-debian-ubuntu) you have the following default configs:

/etc/apache2/apache2.conf
/etc/apache2/conf.d/*
/home/$user/conf/web/apache2.conf
/home/$user/conf/web/sapache2.conf

You have to locate the config containing the directives for PHPMyAdmin.

Try something like

grep -r phpmyadmin /etc/apache2/*

In the corresponding file you should find

<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin>
...
</Directory>

If so, you could add

AllowOverride AuthConfig

within the <Directory ..> </Directory> Section and restart the apache2 service.


You probably need ot use a crossover cable.  The device is probably a workstation as is your computer.  They expect to be connected to a switch.  To connect directly to each other you need a crossover cable to swap the wires.


Change GRUB_TIMEOUT to some value e.g 10, update grub and your problem will be solved. Reboot and Press the Shift key.

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=3
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

refer to Grub2 Files and Options

If this didn't work for you then there is another way to do this which involves changing the /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober file. After backing up the file I did the following steps and it worked fine for me.

So, open terminal and write

sudo gedit /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober

A file will open. Change the following Code:

make_timeout () {
  if [ "x${found_other_os}" = "x" ] ; then
    if [ "x${1}" != "x" ] ; then
      if [ "x${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET}" = "xtrue" ] ; then
    verbose=
      else
    verbose=" --verbose"
      fi

      if [ "x${1}" = "x0" ] ; then
    cat <<EOF
if [ "x\${timeout}" != "x-1" ]; then
  if keystatus; then
    if keystatus --shift; then
      set timeout=-1
    else
      set timeout=0
    fi
  else
    if sleep$verbose --interruptible 3 ; then
      set timeout=0
    fi
  fi
fi
EOF
      else
    cat << EOF
if [ "x\${timeout}" != "x-1" ]; then
  if sleep$verbose --interruptible ${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT} ; then
    set timeout=0
  fi
fi
EOF
      fi
    fi
  fi
}

adjust_timeout () {
  if [ "x$GRUB_BUTTON_CMOS_ADDRESS" != "x" ]; then
    cat <<EOF
if cmostest $GRUB_BUTTON_CMOS_ADDRESS ; then
EOF
    make_timeout "${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_BUTTON}" "${GRUB_TIMEOUT_BUTTON}"
    echo else
    make_timeout "${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT}" "${GRUB_TIMEOUT}"
    echo fi
  else
    make_timeout "${GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT}" "${GRUB_TIMEOUT}"
  fi
}

Into this:

adjust_timeout () {
        cat <<EOF
        if keystatus --shift; then
          set timeout=-1
        else
          set timeout=0
        fi
EOF
}

And save the file.

After running sudo update-grub shutdown the system.

Now when you start your system again, you'll have to press and hold the shift key immediately after pressing the power button. This will lead you to Grub. If you do not press the shift key, you will be booted into your default operating system automatically.
Best of luck!

Note: If anything goes wrong or some unexpected behavior occurs, change the code back to original using the backup file and everything will be back to normal again.


I had the same issue with YUMI on openSUSE. It's a bug in YUMI. Workaround is to remount drive (as a root, use sudo or su) to /media subfolder as YUMI expects:

umount /dev/sdb1
mkdir /media/usbdisk
mount /dev/sdb1 /media/usbdisk

And then launch YUMI again.

Read about GNU/Linux command mount for more details.


Snap partitions use SquashFS, which is basically a compressed, read-only disk image format that is usually used to create live CDs/DVDs.  SquashFS was simply not designed to be read-write.  To edit the contents, even something as simple as changing file permissions, cannot be done through a simple remount.

Your options are:

Rebuild the SquashFS file system.  The following resources should be helpful:

Modifying a squashfs
How to modify squashfs image

Use OverlayFS to save changes separately.

If you would like to become a Snap developer, you might like to start with this tutorial to create your first snap.


I would check TCP Wrappers first and make sure your IP address is not blocked in /etc/hosts.deny or /etc/hosts.allow.

If those files are empty, or don't seem to be the issue, I would reload ufw to make sure your new rule allowing SSH has actually taken effect:

sudo ufw reload

In any case, if it's a server-side issue, you'll probably be able to pull some useful information from the log files. SSHD will generally either log to /var/log/auth.log or /var/log/secure.

Edit: to enable ufw, you'll want to run:

sudo ufw enable

Edit 2: incorporating my comment into the answer for clarity:

Also, check for any devices with duplicate IP addresses on the network. It's possible a different device is receiving the SSH traffic intended for your server. You can shut down your server and try pinging its IP address, or just change IP addresses until it starts working.


`sudo fbterm` returns "stdin isn't an interactive tty!"

fbterm needs to be used without X.
Also as per the manual the fbdev must be correctly configured/installed. Apart from this, it must be noted that fbterm works on tty only. if you want to try it out, logout of your ubuntu session and press CTRL+alt+F1(or F2 or F3) and login, and type fbterm.
(so as to get back to gdm/*dm login screen press CTRL+ALT+f6(or f7 or f8). There is also a way to replace the tty's with fbterm


Get rid of reboot prompt by Software-Updater after e.g. kernel update

When you install updates, two files are created in /run which are read to determine if updates require rebooting: reboot-required and reboot-required.pkgs, one of which is just a string indicating a reboot is needed and one which shows which package(s) is calling for it.

You can (as root or with sudo) rm these two files and that should do it.  Truncating them is not enough - they must not exist.  Curiously, I cannot find anything in the /etc/apt files about this and my only real clue came from /etc/update-motd.d pointing to /usr/lib/update-notifier/update-motd-reboot-required (which is called by SSH on login to indicate a reboot is required), and which has the following code in it:

#!/bin/sh -e
#
# helper for update-motd

if [ -f /var/run/reboot-required ]; then
    cat /var/run/reboot-required
fi

/var/run is a symlink to /run, so there is my answer.  If you don't speak sh, the if [ -f ... ] is a conditional to see if a file exists; the subsequent cat command prints its contents in the SSH session.


Why are python3 and python3.3 separate directories?

python3 folder does not seem to be related to python3.X installation: I don't have python3.X installed yet I have that folder there.

It seems its purpose is to store tools that have different script versions available to python 2 and 3 (ex: package lsb-release). So let it be there, it should not cause you any harm.


Using Grub on hard disk to boot live SD card

I am not sure what you are looking for because of the wording and because you SD card is mblk0
I got my Acer to boot from the SD card.
I simply used a USB live cd and it and chose the SD card.
You can choose "something else" and choose where to put the boot loader.
You want to put that on the root of the disk.  Do not choose a pm extension,  etc.
If your device allows legacy boot, then it is a piece of cake.
If your device only allows UEFI secure boot, then you have problems.  You need to make sure the Ubuntu trusted file is set in the bios after you installed.
Here you will need to set a password and then you can see the menu item to add a trusted source to the bios.  It will bring you to the directory where the file is.
Then change boot order on your bios.
As a test, I usually hit the boot order key when booting and see some choices.   I might find 0yes  and 1yes and Windows loader.
Try either of the yeses the number before the yes often seems to reflect the mblkid.
Lastly try boot-repair.
Boot-repair will also tell you a command to type in Windows admin cmom and window.
Good luck.
Remember legacy solves most problems.   You need to boot in the mode that you want to install.  If you want to install legacy, be in legacy mode before installing.  Visa versa.


Yes, but you should backup your sensitive data before installation.

Minimal Requirements for Ubuntu Desktop:

700 MHz processor (about Intel Celeron or better)
512 MiB RAM (system memory)
5 GB of hard-drive space (or USB stick, memory card or external drive but see LiveCD for an alternative approach)
VGA capable of 1024x768 screen resolution
Either a CD/DVD drive or a USB port for the installer media
Internet access is helpful

There's also variants of Ubuntu like Lubuntu or Kubuntu which they will run on even weaker PC.


Why this error?

You probably forgot to tell mount where to mount your drive.

Linux uses device files (/dev/sda, /dev/sdb1, etc.). And unlike Windows drives (C:, D:, etc.), you cannot access them directly (cd /dev/sdb1 will inevitably fail, telling you that it is not a directory but a file). If you want to open a drive with mount, you need to provide a mountpoint. A mountpoint is a directory wherein your USB drive will be opened and where you will be able to access your files.

Solution

Create a  directory that you will use as the mountpoint for your drive:

mkdir /mnt/mydrive

Mount your drive with this command:

mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/mydrive

Note: If you don't know your drive's device file, you can run sudo fdisk -l or lsblk to identify the partition you're looking for.
Now if you run ls /mnt/mydrive, it should list your drive's files.
When you're done, don't forget to unmount your USB drive before removing it from the computer:

umount /dev/sdb1

More information about this error

/etc/fstab is a file in which you can associate a partition with a mountpoint, allowing you to run mount <device> instead of mount <device> <mountpoint>. This is why you get this confusing error.

fstab has many more uses like mounting a partition at boot time, etc. More information about fstab on the Arch Linux wiki


Well I found ubuntu drivers for my graphics card at https://www.amd.com/en/support and after installing them it made a big difference. Not 100% perfect, but 90% better. Hooray for those that make linux drivers.


How to create a directory users can't delete (but can delete files in it)?

In your scenario where the directory is /share/permanent/

    mkdir -p /share/permanent
    chmod 755 /share
    chmod 777 /share/permanent
    sudo chown -R root:root /share

This works because now deleting /share/permanent would be considered writing to share, which is only writable by root.  /share/permanent/ can be written to by and read by anyone.

If you want to make it so that people can only delete file that they own you can set the +t flag with chmod.


no wireless after fresh install using wireless

I have a suggestion.  Please do try to fix it with the help you get here, and make clear what worked (if anything) so that others can benefit from your solution.

If things turn out such that you cannot fix your installation, please rest assured that the previous LTS release, 12.04LTS, still works well and is apparently supported for 2.5 more years (five years in total).  I'm not resisting progress, but as your complaint is not remotely rare, and as I have yet to learn of a solution to your problem, I feel I should at least share what I know that could benefit you.


Rather than installing synaptic from the Terminal and using it to install network-maanger-gnome, you can just install network-manager-gnome from Software Center:

Or from the Terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install network-manager-gnome

That is, of course, assuming that the problem is that network-manager-gnome isn't installed (or was uninstalled).


What are the ports used by Juju for its orchestration services?

The following ports are used by juju

22 - SSH
17017 - Juju API
depending on the provider, you'll also want to open the StorageAPI port. (this is defined in your ~/.juju/environments.yaml for the provider)

However, when you're using a provider like EC2 - juju bootstrap will open these ports for you, so there's no real need to manually edit the EC2 security group rulesets.

Also, noteably - juju no longer uses zookeeper since it has moved from python to GoLang.


SNAP package FFMPEG can't access any file (access denied). How can i fix that?

There is no need to use --devmode or in/out pipes.

Just open your graphical Software Center and find your FFMPEG app installed from SNAP repository.
There you can find PERMISSIONS button, click on it, and enable "Read/write files on removable storage devices" permission. Then it works and you can read/write files in your own home directory.

More info about snap apps permissions here

This is bug, imo. Home directory is not "removable device" :-) But it works ...


How to fix missing panel indicators in 13.10

There's a ppa which brings back the old whitelist functionality. See here: How to re-enable tray icons for applications in Ubuntu?


First install pinentry-curses and then install gnupg-agent. Create a file called gpg-agent.conf inside your GNUPG_HOME directory (usually ~/.gnupg) and put something like

pinentry-program /usr/bin/pinentry-curses
default-cache-ttl 31536000
default-cache-ttl-ssh 31536000
max-cache-ttl 31536000
max-cache-ttl-ssh 31536000

in the file. (The numbers are cache validity durations in seconds.)

Then, to cache the unlocked key, run

GPG_TTY=$(tty)
eval "$(gpg-agent --daemon)"

followed by some gpg operation that requires the key to be unlocked.


How do I sync multiple source folders with lsyncd?

I ended up just adding a second set of folders below the first set in the config like this. I'm not sure if this is the best approach, but it works.

settings {
       logfile = "/var/log/lsyncd/lsyncd.log",
       statusFile = "/var/log/lsyncd/lsyncd.status",
       statusInterval = 10
}

apache_list = {
        "[ip address]:/etc/apache2/sites-available",
        "[ip address]:/etc/apache2/sites-available",
        "[ip address]:/etc/apache2/sites-available",
}

for _, server in ipairs(apache_list) do
        sync {
                default.rsync,
                source = "/etc/apache2/sites-enabled",
                target = server,
                rsync = {
                        compress = true,
                        acls = true,
                        verbose = true,
                        owner = false,
                        group = false,
                        perms = false,
                        rsh = "/usr/bin/ssh -p 22 -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no"
                }
        }
end

www_list = {
        "[ip address]:/var/www",
        "[ip address]:/var/www",
        "[ip address]:/var/www",
}

for _, server in ipairs(www_list) do
        sync {
                default.rsync,
                source = "/var/www/",
                target = server,
                rsync = {
                        compress = true,
                        acls = true,
                        verbose = true,
                        owner = false,
                        group = false,
                        perms = false,
                        rsh = "/usr/bin/ssh -p 22 -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no",
                        _extra = {"--chmod=0755"}
                }
        }
end


Cannot boot Windows 7 after updating to Ubuntu 11.10

If you have a Windows recovery disk, you should be able to use this to regain access to Windows. However, when this process is done, it would have replaced GRUB's Master Boot Record with Windows', and if you want access to Ubuntu again you will have to run update-grub from a Live-CD or Live-USB, as described here.


Locate Flash player in the Software Center and uninstall it (adobe-flashplugin?). Next, install flashplugin-installer. After the installation has completed, restart the browser.

You must have installed it manually. Running locate libflashplayer.so on my system yields:

/usr/lib/flashplugin-installer/libflashplayer.so
/usr/share/ubufox/plugins/libflashplayer.so
/var/cache/flashplugin-installer/libflashplayer.so

Check if there is a libflashplayer.so file in ~/.mozilla/plugins. If existent, delete it.


Ubuntu 16.04 Gnome Conky does not work right

Conky changed the conkyrc format to lua in the recent versions, the original seamod (and 99% of all other conkys out there) still have the old format.

Thankfully, user maxiwell on Github has already converted the popular seamod theme for Ubuntu 16.04. Since askubuntu/Stackoverflow prefers source instead of links, here the conkyrc.lua:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--                               conkyrc_seamod
-- Date    : 04/23/2016
-- Author  : SeaJey and Maxiwell
-- Conky   : >= 1.10
-- License : Distributed under the terms of GNU GPL version 2 or later
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

conky.config = {

    background = true,
    update_interval = 1,

    cpu_avg_samples = 2,
    net_avg_samples = 2,
    temperature_unit = 'celsius',

    double_buffer = true,
    no_buffers = true,
    text_buffer_size = 2048,

    gap_x = 80,
    gap_y = 70,
    minimum_width = 300, minimum_height = 900,
    maximum_width = 350,
    own_window = true,
    own_window_type = 'override',
    own_window_transparent = true,
    own_window_argb_visual = true,

    own_window_type = 'override',
    own_window_class = 'conky-semi',
    own_window_hints = 'undecorated,sticky,skip_taskbar,skip_pager,below',
    border_inner_margin = 0,
    border_outer_margin = 0,
    alignment = 'top_right',

    draw_shades = false,
    draw_outline = false,
    draw_borders = false,
    draw_graph_borders = false,

    override_utf8_locale = true,
    use_xft = true,
    font = 'caviar dreams:size=11',
    xftalpha = 0.5,
    uppercase = false,

-- Defining colors
    default_color = '#FFFFFF',
-- Shades of Gray
    color1 = '#DDDDDD',
    color2 = '#AAAAAA',
    color3 = '#888888',
-- Orange
    color4 = '#EF5A29',
-- Green
    color5 = '#77B753',
-- Loading lua script for drawning rings
    lua_load = '~/.conky/seamod/seamod_rings.lua',
    lua_draw_hook_pre = 'main',

};

--${offset 15}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color1}${pre_exec lsb_release -d | cut -f 2} - $sysname $kernel
conky.text = [[
${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=bold}${color4}SYSTEM ${hr 2}
${offset 15}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color1}$sysname $kernel
${offset 15}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color1}Battery:  ${color3}${battery_bar 5,150 BAT0} ${color3}${battery_percent BAT0}%
${offset 15}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color1}Uptime: ${color3}$uptime

# Showing CPU Graph
${voffset 20}
${offset 125}${cpugraph cpu0 40,220 666666 666666 -0.5 -l}${voffset -25}
${offset 90}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=bold}${color5}CPU
# Showing TOP 5 CPU-consumers
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color4}${top name 1}${alignr}${top cpu 1}%
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color1}${top name 2}${alignr}${top cpu 2}%
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color2}${top name 3}${alignr}${top cpu 3}%
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color3}${top name 4}${alignr}${top cpu 4}%
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color3}${top name 5}${alignr}${top cpu 5}%

#Showing memory part with TOP 5
${voffset 40}
${offset 90}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=bold}${color5}MEM
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color4}${top_mem name 1}${alignr}${top_mem mem_res 1}
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color1}${top_mem name 2}${alignr}${top_mem mem_res 2}
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color2}${top_mem name 3}${alignr}${top_mem mem_res 3}
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color3}${top_mem name 4}${alignr}${top_mem mem_res 4}
${offset 105}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=normal}${color3}${top_mem name 4}${alignr}${top_mem mem_res 5}

# Showing disk partitions: root, home and files
${voffset 12}
${offset 180}${color1}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=bold}Disk Read: ${alignr}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=normal}${color2}${diskio_read}
${offset 180}${color1}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=bold}Disk Write: ${alignr}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=normal}${color2}${diskio_write}
${voffset -30}
${offset 90}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=bold}${color5}DISKS
${offset 120}${diskiograph 33,220 666666 666666}${voffset -30}
${voffset 20}
${offset 15}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=bold}${color1}Free: $color3${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=normal}${fs_free /}${alignr}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=bold}${color1}Used: $color3${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=normal}${fs_used /}
${offset 15}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=bold}${color1}Free: $color3${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=normal}${fs_free /home}${alignr}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=bold}${color1}Used: $color3${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=normal}${fs_used /home}
${offset 15}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=bold}${color1}Free: $color3${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=normal}${fs_free /media/files}${alignr}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=bold}${color1}Used: $color3${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=normal}${fs_used /media/files}

# Network data (my desktop have only LAN). ETHERNET ring is mostly useless but looks pretty, main info is in the graphs
${voffset 40}
${offset 200}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=bold}${color1}Lan IP: ${alignr}$color3${addr wlan0}
${offset 200}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=bold}${color1}Ext IP: ${alignr}$color3${execi 3600 wget -q -O /dev/stdout http://checkip.dyndns.org/ | cut -d : -f 2- | cut -d \< -f -1}
${voffset -30}
${offset 90}${font Ubuntu:size=11:style=bold}${color5}ETHERNET
${voffset 40}
${offset 15}${color1}${font ubuntu:size=10:style=bold}Up: ${alignr}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=normal}$color2${upspeed wlan0} / ${totalup wlan0}
${offset 15}${upspeedgraph wlan0 40,320 4B1B0C FF5C2B 1280KiB -l}
${offset 15}${color1}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=bold}Down: ${alignr}${font Ubuntu:size=10:style=normal}$color2${downspeed wlan0} / ${totaldown wlan0}
${offset 15}${downspeedgraph wlan0 40,320 324D23 77B753 1280KiB -l}

${color4}${hr 2}

]];

and the seamod_rings.lua:

--==============================================================================
--                            seamod_rings.lua
--
--  Date    : 05/02/2012
--  Author  : SeaJey
--  Version : v0.1
--  License : Distributed under the terms of GNU GPL version 2 or later
--
--  This version is a modification of lunatico_rings.lua wich is modification of conky_orange.lua
--
--  conky_orange.lua:    http://gnome-look.org/content/show.php?content=137503&forumpage=0
--  lunatico_rings.lua:  http://gnome-look.org/content/show.php?content=142884
--==============================================================================

require 'cairo'

gauge = {
{
    name='cpu',                    arg='cpu1',                  max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=150,
    graph_radius=54,
    graph_thickness=5,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=1.0,
    txt_radius=0,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=28,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=1,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.3,
    caption='',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=9.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.3,
},
{
    name='cpu',                    arg='cpu2',                  max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=150,
    graph_radius=48,
    graph_thickness=5,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=1.0,
    txt_radius=0,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=28,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=1,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.3,
    caption='',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=9.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.3,
},
{
    name='cpu',                    arg='cpu3',                  max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=150,
    graph_radius=42,
    graph_thickness=5,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=1.0,
    txt_radius=0,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=28,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=1,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.3,
    caption='',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=9.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.3,
},
{
    name='cpu',                    arg='cpu4',                  max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=150,
    graph_radius=36,
    graph_thickness=5,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=1.0,
    txt_radius=0,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=28,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=1,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.3,
    caption='',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=9.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.3,
},
{
    name='cpu',                    arg='cpu5',                  max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=150,
    graph_radius=30,
    graph_thickness=5,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=1.0,
    txt_radius=0,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=28,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=1,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.3,
    caption='',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=9.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.3,
},
{
    name='cpu',                    arg='cpu6',                  max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=150,
    graph_radius=24,
    graph_thickness=5,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=1.0,
    txt_radius=0,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=28,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=1,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.3,
    caption='',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=9.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.3,
},
{
    name='cpu',                    arg='cpu7',                  max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=150,
    graph_radius=18,
    graph_thickness=5,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=1.0,
    txt_radius=0,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=28,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=1,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.3,
    caption='',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=9.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.3,
},
{
    name='cpu',                    arg='cpu8',                  max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=150,
    graph_radius=12,
    graph_thickness=5,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=1.0,
    txt_radius=0,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=28,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=1,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.3,
    caption='',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=9.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.3,
},
{
    name='memperc',                arg='',                      max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=325,
    graph_radius=54,
    graph_thickness=10,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=1.0,
    txt_radius=42,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=23,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=2,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.5,
    caption='',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=10.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.3,
},
{
    name='fs_used_perc',           arg='/media/files',                     max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=490,
    graph_radius=54,
    graph_thickness=7,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=1.0,
    txt_radius=64,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=23,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=2,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.3,
    caption='Files',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=12.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.5,
},
{
    name='fs_used_perc',           arg='/home/',                     max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=490,
    graph_radius=42,
    graph_thickness=7,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=1.0,
    txt_radius=32,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=23,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=2,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.3,
    caption='Home',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=12.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.5,
},
{
    name='fs_used_perc',           arg='/',                     max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=490,
    graph_radius=30,
    graph_thickness=7,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=1.0,
    txt_radius=22,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=23,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=2,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.3,
    caption='Root',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=12.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.5,
},
{
    name='downspeedf',           arg='wlan0',                     max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=690,
    graph_radius=54,
    graph_thickness=7,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=0,
    txt_radius=64,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=28,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=1,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.3,
    caption='Down',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=12.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.5,
},
{
    name='upspeedf',           arg='wlan0',                     max_value=100,
    x=65,                          y=690,
    graph_radius=42,
    graph_thickness=7,
    graph_start_angle=180,
    graph_unit_angle=2.7,          graph_unit_thickness=2.7,
    graph_bg_colour=0xffffff,      graph_bg_alpha=0.1,
    graph_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,      graph_fg_alpha=0.3,
    hand_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,       hand_fg_alpha=0,
    txt_radius=30,
    txt_weight=0,                  txt_size=9.0,
    txt_fg_colour=0xEF5A29,        txt_fg_alpha=1.0,
    graduation_radius=28,
    graduation_thickness=0,        graduation_mark_thickness=1,
    graduation_unit_angle=27,
    graduation_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF, graduation_fg_alpha=0.3,
    caption='Up',
    caption_weight=1,              caption_size=12.0,
    caption_fg_colour=0xFFFFFF,    caption_fg_alpha=0.5,
},
}

-- converts color in hexa to decimal
function rgb_to_r_g_b(colour, alpha)
    return ((colour / 0x10000) % 0x100) / 255., ((colour / 0x100) % 0x100) / 255., (colour % 0x100) / 255., alpha
end

-- convert degree to rad and rotate (0 degree is top/north)
function angle_to_position(start_angle, current_angle)
    local pos = current_angle + start_angle
    return ( ( pos * (2 * math.pi / 360) ) - (math.pi / 2) )
end

-- displays gauges
function draw_gauge_ring(display, data, value)
    local max_value = data['max_value']
    local x, y = data['x'], data['y']
    local graph_radius = data['graph_radius']
    local graph_thickness, graph_unit_thickness = data['graph_thickness'], data['graph_unit_thickness']
    local graph_start_angle = data['graph_start_angle']
    local graph_unit_angle = data['graph_unit_angle']
    local graph_bg_colour, graph_bg_alpha = data['graph_bg_colour'], data['graph_bg_alpha']
    local graph_fg_colour, graph_fg_alpha = data['graph_fg_colour'], data['graph_fg_alpha']
    local hand_fg_colour, hand_fg_alpha = data['hand_fg_colour'], data['hand_fg_alpha']
    local graph_end_angle = (max_value * graph_unit_angle) % 360

    -- background ring
    cairo_arc(display, x, y, graph_radius, angle_to_position(graph_start_angle, 0), angle_to_position(graph_start_angle, graph_end_angle))
    cairo_set_source_rgba(display, rgb_to_r_g_b(graph_bg_colour, graph_bg_alpha))
    cairo_set_line_width(display, graph_thickness)
    cairo_stroke(display)

    -- arc of value
    local val = value % (max_value + 1)
    local start_arc = 0
    local stop_arc = 0
    local i = 1
    while i <= val do
        start_arc = (graph_unit_angle * i) - graph_unit_thickness
        stop_arc = (graph_unit_angle * i)
        cairo_arc(display, x, y, graph_radius, angle_to_position(graph_start_angle, start_arc), angle_to_position(graph_start_angle, stop_arc))
        cairo_set_source_rgba(display, rgb_to_r_g_b(graph_fg_colour, graph_fg_alpha))
        cairo_stroke(display)
        i = i + 1
    end
    local angle = start_arc

    -- hand
    start_arc = (graph_unit_angle * val) - (graph_unit_thickness * 2)
    stop_arc = (graph_unit_angle * val)
    cairo_arc(display, x, y, graph_radius, angle_to_position(graph_start_angle, start_arc), angle_to_position(graph_start_angle, stop_arc))
    cairo_set_source_rgba(display, rgb_to_r_g_b(hand_fg_colour, hand_fg_alpha))
    cairo_stroke(display)

    -- graduations marks
    local graduation_radius = data['graduation_radius']
    local graduation_thickness, graduation_mark_thickness = data['graduation_thickness'], data['graduation_mark_thickness']
    local graduation_unit_angle = data['graduation_unit_angle']
    local graduation_fg_colour, graduation_fg_alpha = data['graduation_fg_colour'], data['graduation_fg_alpha']
    if graduation_radius > 0 and graduation_thickness > 0 and graduation_unit_angle > 0 then
        local nb_graduation = graph_end_angle / graduation_unit_angle
        local i = 0
        while i < nb_graduation do
            cairo_set_line_width(display, graduation_thickness)
            start_arc = (graduation_unit_angle * i) - (graduation_mark_thickness / 2)
            stop_arc = (graduation_unit_angle * i) + (graduation_mark_thickness / 2)
            cairo_arc(display, x, y, graduation_radius, angle_to_position(graph_start_angle, start_arc), angle_to_position(graph_start_angle, stop_arc))
            cairo_set_source_rgba(display,rgb_to_r_g_b(graduation_fg_colour,graduation_fg_alpha))
            cairo_stroke(display)
            cairo_set_line_width(display, graph_thickness)
            i = i + 1
        end
    end

    -- text
    local txt_radius = data['txt_radius']
    local txt_weight, txt_size = data['txt_weight'], data['txt_size']
    local txt_fg_colour, txt_fg_alpha = data['txt_fg_colour'], data['txt_fg_alpha']
    local movex = txt_radius * math.cos(angle_to_position(graph_start_angle, angle))
    local movey = txt_radius * math.sin(angle_to_position(graph_start_angle, angle))
    cairo_select_font_face (display, "ubuntu", CAIRO_FONT_SLANT_NORMAL, txt_weight)
    cairo_set_font_size (display, txt_size)
    cairo_set_source_rgba (display, rgb_to_r_g_b(txt_fg_colour, txt_fg_alpha))
    if txt_radius > 0 then
        cairo_move_to (display, x + movex - (txt_size / 2), y + movey + 3)
        cairo_show_text (display, value)
        cairo_stroke (display)
    end

    -- caption
    local caption = data['caption']
    local caption_weight, caption_size = data['caption_weight'], data['caption_size']
    local caption_fg_colour, caption_fg_alpha = data['caption_fg_colour'], data['caption_fg_alpha']
    local tox = graph_radius * (math.cos((graph_start_angle * 2 * math.pi / 360)-(math.pi/2)))
    local toy = graph_radius * (math.sin((graph_start_angle * 2 * math.pi / 360)-(math.pi/2)))
    cairo_select_font_face (display, "ubuntu", CAIRO_FONT_SLANT_NORMAL, caption_weight);
    cairo_set_font_size (display, caption_size)
    cairo_set_source_rgba (display, rgb_to_r_g_b(caption_fg_colour, caption_fg_alpha))
    cairo_move_to (display, x + tox + 5, y + toy + 5)
    -- bad hack but not enough time !
    if graph_start_angle < 105 then
        cairo_move_to (display, x + tox - 30, y + toy + 1)
    end
    cairo_show_text (display, caption)
    cairo_stroke (display)
end

-- loads data and displays gauges
function go_gauge_rings(display)
    local function load_gauge_rings(display, data)
        local str, value = '', 0
        str = string.format('${%s %s}',data['name'], data['arg'])
        str = conky_parse(str)
        value = tonumber(str)
        draw_gauge_ring(display, data, value)
    end

    for i in pairs(gauge) do
        load_gauge_rings(display, gauge[i])
    end
end

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--                                                                         MAIN
function conky_main()
    if conky_window == nil then
        return
    end

    local cs = cairo_xlib_surface_create(conky_window.display, conky_window.drawable, conky_window.visual, conky_window.width, conky_window.height)
    local display = cairo_create(cs)

    local updates = conky_parse('${updates}')
    update_num = tonumber(updates)

    if update_num > 5 then
        go_gauge_rings(display)
    end

    cairo_surface_destroy(cs)
    cairo_destroy(display)

end

This should give you the original seamod appearance back.

All credit goes to user maxiwell from Github.


The easiest way is with the GUI, right click on the file you want to open and choose "Open With" option, scroll down to p7zip, if installed, and use that option.
If P7zip, or whatever you use, DOES NOT appear, you'll have to search for it by opening a terminal and entering 'whereis p7zip'.
Go back to 'Open With', choose other and go to the above directory and choose p7zip, make it the default option, and proceed.


Installed Ubuntu in an external drive connecting with USB 3.0. Ubuntu 16.04.1 wouldn't boot after installation

So one of the more common causes of this is that the CPU is ever so slightly unstable, needing just a tad more vCore voltage.

What's causing the voltage to be less than what's needed could be caused by many different things:

A bad power supply or battery that's not capable of keeping up with the power demand
A bad voltage regulator on the motherboard
Capacitors that have gone bad
Some other hardware failure

Now admittedly, it would seem suspicious that Windows is running fine if you have had a hardware failure. Therefore I suggest:

Run Prime95 stress test in Windows (with the maximum heat and FPU stress configuration) and see if it gives you any errors after letting it run for about 30 minutes. Please note: it would be prudent to do this with a CPU temperature monitor open, as Prime 95 does have the ability to overheat your machine

If Prime95 gives you errors, then you know you have a hardware failure on hand. If not, then then it's still very helpful to eliminate hardware failure as a potential problem cause.

One other thing you might try is to install Ubuntu 17.10 instead, as it contains a newer kernel which could have potentially fixed the error.


Windows 8 and Ubuntu in UEFI mode - Ubuntu only boots when entering Windows 8 first

I would suggest using ReFind as your UEFI manager and discard grub altogether. I purged grub off my system and have been using ReFind to select between Windows and Ubuntu. You don't need grub because the Linux kernel itself acts like a UEFI application and can be booted without using grub. Much cleaner as I don't need grub as a middleman to boot my Ubuntu. And I like the ReFind interface.

Tip: If you don't need secure boot, turn it off. It sometimes causes problems for ReFind.


This should work:

cd /path/to/your/directory; bash


Ubuntu+1 Super-key not opening application overview on secondary keyboard layouts


Strange Firefox icon during Gnome 3.16 upgrade

I got to the bottom of this issue myself, for next time it appeared I clicked on it and it said that I should restart Firefox to install updates (or something like that), so it appears to appear when plug-ins are updated for that was happening at the time.


snapcraft: "AttributeError: module 'click' has no attribute 'group'"

There are two python modules called click. One is the precursor of the snap packaging format, which was used in Ubuntu Touch: https://launchpad.net/click

The other one is a tool for command line user interfaces: http://click.pocoo.org/

This last one is the one that snapcraft requires.

The error you are getting means that you have installed the deb package for the wrong click module. Remove it with:

sudo apt autoremove --purge python3-click-package


Switch sound to HDMI in Lubuntu without installing additional packages

Try to put the following entry into /etc/asound.conf or your ~/.asoundrc:

pcm.!default = pcm.hdmi


How is rm command different from the delete button?

Your understanding is essentially correct - the Del key as used in Nautilus (or other file manager) is NOT the same as using rm; it "moves" the file to Trash instead so that it can be recovered unless you Empty Trash (which is the same as rm).

Note that even if you rm a file, the actual data is still on the disk after the inode is deleted. If you act immediately before the data is eventually overwritten, you can still recover the data using a tool such as testdisk/photorec.


Use k3b, which is very powerful and easy to use burner. Also you can make your usb flash drive as a installation media. But for that you  need to format(not manually, apps will) your flash drive. UnetBootin is a application(in ubuntu repositories) by which you can use your flash drive as a bootable device.


How to bind custom commands to keyboard shortcuts?

You can set up your shortcuts in the Keyboard section of System Settings. You can either open System Settings in the Activities search or use the upper-right menu.

Then open Keyboard.

You'll see a section for Custom Shortcuts on the bottom left-hand side, if what you're changing is not already present in a section above.

These instructions may also be of use in Unity.


How to check the battery temperature of laptop? How do I know the normal temperature of it?

acpi is used to monitor battery information. Try acpi -t for thermal information. Also check out man acpi for other options.


How to prevent computer from automatically sleeping and/or hibernating?

Here are the two common Gnome 3 ways which usually disable suspend; otherwise you can try booting with the acpi=off parameter:

Power Settings:

gnome-tweak-tool (install if necessary):


systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-disk-by\x2dpartuuid-e559f076

this is the error. you have to edit /etc/fstab and fix the uuid of this drive.
8 digits means it is a fat formated drive.


Installation problems on USB , partition table

What you should do is select the mount point for "/".


Bumblebee's optirun command was working fine, then suddenly it does nothing anymore

I had a similar issue, due to Linux headers not working properly. A previous answer on askubuntu suggested (also the info on the bumblebee homepage) to install:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo apt-get purge bbswitch-dkms bumblebee-nvidia

That installs the PPA-Purge utility and removes BBSwitch and Bumblebee. Then

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic

installs the proper Linux headers. In my case, however, I had to use:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r) && sudo dkms autoinstall && sudo restart bumblebeed

Since it seems the "generic headers" weren't enough in my case. Finally

sudo apt-get install bbswitch-dkms bumblebee-nvidia

But, if you are using Ubuntu 13.10 there might be a further issue, as explained by this post:

  In Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander), it seems that the libturbojpeg .so
  filename has changed from libturbojpeg.so to libturbojpeg.so.0 and
  this breaks Bumblebee.

The way to fix it (for 32bit) is to run the following:

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libturbojpeg.so.0 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libturbojpeg.so

See the post itself for the 64 bit version

I hope this solves your issue, let me know how you get on.


Attempt to upgrade vmtools within a Windows Server 2008 Server VM Causes vm to become extremely unstable

I was able to fix it all. The reason the vm was unresponsive was that simply the upgrade took a long time. Secondly, I had lost my dns and dhcp scope due to the length of time offline and had to recover it from dns backup. If someone has that latter problem, I used the following resource....https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc774607(v=ws.10).aspx

Best.


fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory (Unsolved with python-devel)

Updated (2021-01-11): Python.h header is now in $CONDA_PREFIX/include/python3.Y (where Y is minor version) in case of Linux or $CONDA_PREFIX/include in Windows.

Old answer: python.h header is in $CONDA_PREFIX/etc/include/python3.6m directory.


Looks like it's a conflict with Compiz's window switcher. What I did to fix this problem was installing compizconfig-settings-manager.

When installed, launch the app, pick "Window Management" from the Category panel, and uncheck Application Switcher. Now Alt+Tab is handled only by Unity's window switcher.


AnonymoX is an add-on for Firefox that allows you to browse websites through their own network of proxy servers.

That means, your computer connects to an AnonymoX server and sends it the HTTP request. The AnonymoX server then connects to the requested website's real host server, passes your anonymized request on to it with its own AnonymoX IP address as source. The real web server processes the request and sends the answer (e.g. HTML website) back to the AnonymoX proxy, which redirects it back to your own machine.

So to your computer, it looks like the AnonymoX proxy is the web server responding to your requests, while to the real web servers, the AnonymoX proxy looks like the one who visits their sites.

That means that the web servers can't identify you as visitor, but also implies that you yourself don't have direct contact with their servers and therefore can't block them by their IPs, because you don't connect to those IPs any more but to the AnonymoX ones. You also can't block them by their URL by manually resolving them to your localhost or a fake IP with /etc/hosts-entries or other system-wide DNS manipulations, because AnonymoX handles all the DNS resolving, as otherwise you would connect to the web servers directly. Your browser sends all requests uniformly to AnonymoX.

What you can do is to filter sites before the request gets passed to AnonymoX, e.g. by another add-on that filters outgoing requests and blocks URLs in your browser. Or you could add another proxy server after AnonymoX which is able to filter sites, so that your computer communicates with the AnonymoX proxy, that communicates with the second, filtering proxy, which finally communicates with the real web servers.


How to mount Apple Core Storage partition

I found this paper which analyzes the security of FileVault 2 and the authors wrote this library which allows access to CoreStorage partitions via fuse.

Here's how to mount encrypted partitions, but I haven't tried it yet. They also mention on the front page that non-encrypted partition support is still being worked on.


How do I set the default desktop environment on 20.04.1 LTS?

https://ubuntu-mate.community/t/upgraded-to-20-04-and-the-menu-keeps-closing/21781/13
from:  saivinoba
Quality Assurance Tester
I found this issue (#871) on MATE's GitHub, discussing caja desktop behavior under root login. The solution is to have a local caja.desktop file for root user with --force-desktop option. It also states why desktop icons are disabled for root user. It is a good read.
As root (or sudo) do,
cp /usr/share/applications/caja.desktop /root/.local/share/applications/
and then append the Exec line as,
Exec=/usr/bin/caja --force-desktop .
Re-login and you will have desktop icons and application shortcuts.
After doing this, I (not the response above) noted:
I just did the above cp, edit of the .local version of caja.desktop , and then did a GUI switch user to root . Not only did this solve the desktop problem, it also solved the "brisk" MATE menu (standard current MATE upper panel user left end Menu drop-down) -- these no longer keep closing. As with other applications/environments, the Ubuntu implementation is designed to limit the functionality of root per se (not sudo that has other limitations); however, there are configuration file changes (as explained above for this case) to "restore" operational functionality. I just pinned Thunderbird to the root GUI desktop -- this allows me to switch user to root, invoke developer production Thunderbird without using the menu (not distro Thunderbird), and update (in place, not a full download of the tar.gz file) Thunderbird to production current. I then logout root and return to my enduser desktop (and account), with Thunderbird updated to developer production current.  End my response on the MATE fora.  Evidently, the --force-desktop switch (command line modifier) enables all of the expected functionality on a root GUI account use of MATE.


Can I install the ordinary php and php-cli on the same machine?

No, there should be no problems at all. If there are, they are unexpected bugs. In fact, you can install both at once:

sudo apt-get install php5 php5-cli

In general, Debian maintainers (and downstream, Ubuntu maintainers) work hard to make sure packages work well with each other. If they do not, they are marked as being in conflict with each other, and apt-get will not let you install both.


sudo kill -9 30813

where 30813 is the process ID (PID) from your screenshot.

Note that it's probably not really "node" per se that you want to stop, but a node application that you are running.


Can I run `apt-get purge --auto-remove`?

Yes, those commands are valid. Moreover, they are equivalent because purge is equivalent with remove --purge (see man apt-get).


Open the Activities overview and start typing Displays.

Click on Displays to open the panel.

Click on the monitor that you would like to activate or deactivate, then in the list of monitor configuration select Turn Off to deactivate the monitor, or one of Primary, Secondary, or Mirror to activate it.
To rotate the orientation of the monitor, use the buttons with the arrows until the preview is correct.

When you are happy with your settings, click Apply and then click Keep Changes.


17.10 How to disable window-to-window snapping while having edge snapping enabled

Not enough rep to post a comment, so unfortunately I'll write it in here. Be gentle...

Temporary workaround - if you snap the second window to the same side as the 80% one, then back to the other side it will be independently resizable.

Step 1 resize a left-snapped window (chrome) to desired width:

Step 2 snap right window (terminal) to the left, over top of the other one:

Step 3 snap back to the right. You can see the overlap and window separation:

You can now resize the right window to 80%.

This is a terrible workaround, I just upgraded from 17.04 this morning and I really don't want to have to go back down, but this is just unacceptable. I usually run a 4-split for web dev on a large tv, so im still trying to work out how to survive in a world without corner snapping...

Hope this helps.

EDIT:
disable window-to window snapping with

dconf write /org/gnome/mutter/edge-tiling false

and

dconf write /org/gnome/shell/overrides/edge-tiling false

I'm also using another window snapping extension (put windows) while disabling the default keybinds (not sure if that is important though)


updating kernel 5.8 to 5.11 ubuntu 20.1 wont boot

You need to sign the kernel or disable secure boot in BIOS


Ubuntu Server installed on USB Stick, not recognized after restart

Problem solved.
For everyone with the same Problem:
activate network boot in the bios


See @Jbuch14 comment he explained it nicely and theme won't change wallpaper you have to set the wallpaper manually. As you asked they won't come with uneditable wallpapers package you can change your wallpapers. In your example what they did is set a gtk theme first which changes window decorations to light-blue and after that manually kept a matching light-blue wallpaper.


I can't install anything with apt-get and can't add repositories either

It's most likely that you don't have the correct repository listed in your /etc/apt/sources.list file. The  that maintains the install has an installation help page located here http://www.maartenbaert.be/simplescreenrecorder/

Which instructs you to add the PPA using these commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:maarten-baert/simplescreenrecorder
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install simplescreenrecorder
# if you want to record 32-bit OpenGL applications on a 64-bit system:
sudo apt-get install simplescreenrecorder-lib:i386

Also, make sure that you have software-properties-common installed or you won't be able to add the PPA and if you get an error, try installing it with this:

sudo apt-get install software-properties-common


Try:

alias music='/home/robin/Dokumente/music.sh'

the ./ part usually denotes current directory, so a relative path.


What will be the new features of Ubuntu 11.10 Oneric Ocelot?

I think it is too early to talk about the features of Ubuntu 11.10 since the Ubuntu Developer Summit (UDS) for 11.10 has not taken place yet. You can find more info about UDS here.

However one of the features that Mark Shuttleworth announced was the availability of Unity to all users regardless of their hardware. This essential means that Unity 2D would be the backup incase Unity 3D is not supported by your hardware.


To avoid a lot of black magic shuffeling repositories for just one packet is a bit over the top so I tried another way to install it.

1) apt-get remove evince remove the current version

2) downloaded the evince from http://packages.ubuntu.com/nl/saucy/evince

3) apt-get install gdebi

4)  use gdebi to install the evince that just downloaded

5) against my expectations I landed in dependency hell!

A lot of times this method works okay but this time I had over 50(!) cumulative dependencies.
Added to this: a few libs were very core bound to the system so the chance of breaking the system was extreme.

Conclusion: This was not the way to install evince 3.10 in Ubuntu Precise.


Return to GUI without Ctrl+Alt+F7? (my F7 key doesn't work)


terminal start to give error bash: /usr/bin/lesspipe

For some reason, you don't have /bin/sh. This might mean a lot of things in your system could also be wrong, but just for this particular problem, you can recreate the symlink:

sudo ln -s /bin/dash /bin/sh

If /bin/sh exists, but something is wrong with it, do:

sudo ln -sf /bin/dash /bin/sh


I think you wanted to do a

sudo mv ./* wp-content-backup

you moved all files and directories in / partition to your wp-content... directory.

I guess (I never did a mv /* ) you may miss one or many bin executables (including the cp, pwd and mv command ) and also the PATH and configuration files in the shell....

I would try to

Move all files and directories back to your / partition

If this doesn't work try #2

Try to boot up and mount manually the partitions and move again all the files and directories back to "/" partition.


Rename returns "bareword not allowed" when trying to lowercase parts of multiple filenames

That error looks like it comes from Perl rename. You need to use quoting, but you only need to specify the part you want to change, search-and-replace style. The syntax is like this:

rename -n 's/\.DAT/\.dat/' *

Remove -n after testing to actually rename the files.

To include hidden files, change glob setting before running the command:

shopt -s dotglob

If you want to rename files recursively, you can use

shopt -s globstar
rename -n 's/\.DAT/\.dat/' **

or if there are many paths in or below the current directory that do not end with .DAT, you had better specify those paths in the second command:

rename -n 's/\.DAT/\.dat/' **/*.DAT

This will be faster if your files have various different names not ending in .DAT.[1]

To turn off these settings you can use shopt -u, eg shopt -u globstar, but they are off by default and will be off when you open a new shell.

If this results in an excessively long argument list, you can use, for example, find:

find -type f -name "*.DAT" -exec rename -n -- 's/\.DAT/\.dat/' {} \;

or better

find -type f -name "*.DAT" -exec rename -n -- 's/\.DAT/\.dat/' {} +

Using find ... -exec with + is faster than using \; because it constructs an argument list from the found files. Originally I thought that it wouldn't be possible for you to use it, because you mentioned that you were having an argument list too long issue, but now I know that the list will also be cleverly broken into multiple invocations of the command as needed to avoid that problem[2].

Since rename will process every filename in the same way, it does not matter how long the argument list is as it can be safely split across multiple invocations. If the command you are using with -exec does not accept multiple arguments or requires its arguments to be in a particular order or for any other reason splitting the argument list will cause something unwanted to happen, you can use \;, which causes the command to be invoked once for every file found (if the argument list was too long for other methods, this will take a long time!).

Many thanks to Eliah Kagan for the very useful suggestions to improve this answer:

[1] Specifying the filenames when globbing.
[2] find ... -exec with + splits the argument list.


Touchpad does not work when returning from hibernation on 17.10

On a Lenovo S440 after hibernation 2-finger scrolling and window resizing does not work when using Wayland. Only fix seems to be a restart.

Solution

On login choose 'Ubuntu Xorg' instead of 'Ubuntu'. When using the Xserver instead of Wayland it has my touchpad working after waking up from hibernation.


how to partition totally to 14.04 after breaking original OSX

Take a look at Os-Uninstller. Seems to be the easy way.


How can I get rid of the message "kvm: disabled by BIOS"?

What worked for me:

1) Turn on the computer and press f2 to see the setup (BIOS) when you see a screen with black background.

2) Go to "Configuration" tab.

3) Select the option "Intel Virtual Technology" and enable it by pressing F5 or F6.

4) Press F10 to save and exit. When a prompt message appears asking you to confirm this action, select yes.

5) Your computer will turn off for 10 seconds. Then, it will boot and load your OS without showing that error.


wifi don't work with xubuntu on dell inspiron 10

Do you use an internet adapter or an ethernet cable? If you use an adapter, try unplugging it for a while. (5 minutes)
Usually that fixes it for me, if the adapter does not work the network icon won't show up.


I solved it going into the BIOS (F2 key when booting up) and activating "USB S3 Wake_up" option under the Advanced tab.

Hope this works for you!


Samba fileshare playing nice with windows users and accounts

Check out these Samba Troubleshooting links:

http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/man/Samba-HOWTO-Collection/diagnosis.html
http://oreilly.com/catalog/samba/chapter/book/ch09_01.html

Also, check the manual with this console command:

man smb.conf

The "valid users" option accepts user names or group names. I don't think it can be listed twice, and it may not be able to interpret the %S value.

Edit: trying to enable security while creating a new setup will always complicate the troubleshooting process. For example, is the problem with the initial setup, or that your security is blocking the user? So remove the "valid users" until you get the connection working. Later, you can add security back into the process, and you will know that the "valid users" syntax is the only portion you'll need to troubleshoot.


The reason is not the SSH server/client connection but the connection itself. If you are seeing a huge packet loss you should check:

The physical cables, routers, switches, etc. Change everything. If the packet loss is only when you ping the server, then check the server physical installation
Check the server workload, maybe is hanged. Restart the server if necessary.


How to remove Mathematica menu from xfce applications menu?

I solved the problem by running

sudo xdg-desktop-menu uninstall wolfram-all.directory wolfram-mathematica8.desktop

Note: Make sure to save the wolfram-mathematica8.desktop somewhere just in case so you can put it back in the /usr/share/applications/ folder.


The box that appears is a "type ahead" feature. It will automatically highlight items on your desktop that match your input.
In example:

As I typed "egg" it matched the first item with that filename.


How can I get the source code for Ubuntu 2.6.38.8 kernel?

You can grab it from Launchpad:

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-meta/2.6.38.8.22


I am receiving blk_update_request: critical medium error, dev sdb, sector. What does it mean and what can I do to avoid it?

This is a good indicator of a failure in your hard drive.  You can run the smart tools to help confirm this, but you should probably try to ensure that you have a good backup of your data, and plan on looking for a new drive.


Why is my eth0 interface not detected when installing Snort?

In ubuntu server, the network card will only be detected once at the first boot up.

You need to delete something

$rm -rf /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules


After upgrading from 15.04 to 16.04 LTS, the libdvdcss package was not installed.

Installed that and DVD works fine.

Seems the errors in 15.04 were rendered obsolete by upgrading.


Using rsync to back up /home folder with same permissions, recursive

The easiest way to do this would be to use a live USB and use the -a flag for rsync.

This flag (I think -a stands for archive) preserves all the file and folder attributes, including permissions.

Once you're in a live session, plug in your external drive and use sudo blkid to see which drives correspond to which devices in /dev. You might find that your live USB is /dev/sda, while your laptop's HDD is /dev/sdb, and perhaps your external drive is /dev/sdc. I'll pretend for the example that those are the drive names but yours may vary.

Make subfolders for your laptop and external drives:

sudo mkdir /mnt/laptop
sudo mkdir /mnt/external

Then mount the drives and create a folder in your external drive if it doesn't exist:

sudo mount /dev/sdb /mnt/laptop
sudo mount /dev/sdc /mnt/external
sudo mkdir /mnt/external/home

Then use rsync to copy the data in archival mode:

sudo rsync -av /mnt/laptop/home/jonathan /mnt/external/home

Make sure you don't use a trailing slash in the origin folder name, so that rsync creates it for you with the right permissions.

Move to the folder in the external drive:

cd /mnt/external/home/jonathan

And check that the file permissions were preserved with ls -la.

Good luck!


Following the suggestions in the comments, I disabled Secure Boot. Upon restarting, the grub rescue menu showed up. By following the instructions in https://askubuntu.com/a/372698/1144145 I was able to access Ubuntu once again.


Belkin F7D1102 N150/Surf Micro Wireless Adapter- connectivity problems

This:

rtl8192cu: Loading firmware rtlwifi/rtl8192cufw.bin

...means that the required firmware was found and loaded; there is no problem there. And this:

Er is geen regel om doel 'Driver

...means that 'make' doesn't work on files with spaces in them, like this:

/home/willem/Bureaublad/Network Driver/RTL8188C_8192C_USB_linux_v4.0.2_9000.20130911

Please rename the folder Network_Driver instead of Network Driver. I suspect it will then compile correctly. However, it is probably not the preferred way to install a different driver. What troubles are you having that made you decide to abandon a working driver and firmware package?


[14.10]Colour Banding with proprietary Nvidia drivers GT750M

I found an answer to this issue. Changing the dithering depth from auto to 6bpc solves the issue. I found the answer in this thread. Ubuntu 14.04.1 - Strange color depth

  I have the same laptop except with dual GT 750Ms. I have just managed
  to solve this issue.

  The solution:

  Go into the nvidia-settings utility.
  Click on the section for your laptop display (mine was DFP-1-(LGD)).
  Go to the Controls tab.
  Under Dithering Controls there will be a Depth option. Mine was set to Auto and had two further options: 8 bpc and 6 bpc. Changing it
  to 6 bpc instantly solved the funny colour gradients that made it look
  like it was running at a 16-bit colour depth.

  I hope this helped solved your issue. Maybe someone more knowledgeable
  can explain why this works and why 8 bpc looks worse than 6 bpc.


"no such file to load -- zlib" error when installing a gem

"No such file to load -- zlib" - gem cannot be installed because it needs library dependency to be installed first. In this case:

sudo apt-get install zlib1g zlib1g-dev

Then try to install the algorithms gem again, it should work.


mdadm RAID benchmark with `fio` fast but Gnome Disks extremely slow

Looking at https://github.com/GNOME/gnome-disk-utility/blob/5baa52eff3036fc59648bc2e10c4d4ec69dec50b/src/disks/gdubenchmarkdialog.c#L1337 it doesn't look like gnome-disks is submitting I/O O_DIRECTly or asynchronously (whereas your fio job does). Further, gnome-disks seems to be doing I/O against a block device (whereas your fio job is using a file in a filesystem) and is also choosing to do an fsync after EVERY write I/O (https://github.com/GNOME/gnome-disk-utility/blob/5baa52eff3036fc59648bc2e10c4d4ec69dec50b/src/disks/gdubenchmarkdialog.c#L1358 ). It also seems to be doing a read and followed by a write of what it read. I'd expect your fio job to thoroughly blow it away - being able to have 32 outstanding commands in flight is quite a bit of an advantage!
Gnome-disks seems to be doing something more akin to an fio job like:
# The following is dangerous and will IRRECOVERABLY DESTROY DATA
name=pseudo-gnome-disks-dangerous
filename=/dev/<dev>
rw=write
bs=1M
fsync=1
size=500M

but even the above doesn't capture the reads that gnome-disks is doing (since gnome-disks does a read and then a write of the same block). Also in case it isn't obvious the above fio job is DANGEROUS AND WILL IRRECOVERABLY DATA so don't run it unless you can afford the data on the chosen device to be IRRECOVERABLY DESTROYED.

Have I made a common mistake---what could possibly be the problem with Gnome Disk's measurement of the write speeds?

I'm afraid you answered this yourself:

I know that these tools don't give results which are directly comparable

The only mistake was comparing different benchmarking tools against each other anyway rather than only against themselves. If you don't know they're doing the same thing it's not going to be fair.
TLDR; gnome-disks is not doing the same thing as your original fio job so you're doing an apples to oranges comparison.


Key is CORRECT: "not authorized" to decrypt?

Remote users are not allowed to mount removable media, which are presumed to have been inserted by whomever is sitting at the console.  If you are an administrator, then you can use sudo to gain root permissions and then use the mount command to mount it.  Identify the device in question with lsblk then assuming it is /dev/sdb1:

sudo mkdir /media/yourname/usb
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /media/yourname/usb

Don't forget to sudo umount /media/yourname when you are done using it.


There was no official glc package for "raring" and "saucy" in PPA repositories.So we need to edit the repository file for installing glc in Ubuntu 13.10,

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:arand/ppa
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list.d/arand-ppa-saucy.list

change "saucy" to "precise" then save the file.Now run,

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install glc


That guide is a copy of the one from here & also doesn't reflect some changes that were recently made. The changes came from discussions we had about installing static libs & includes to /usr/local & the potential issues that doing so may cause.

I personally use /opt/ffmpeg_current instead of $HOME/ffmpeg_build but that is just personal choice, the theory & better install practice is the same.

So I suggest you remove all from that gisthub nonsense & follow this link, all should go fine

https://ffmpeg.org/trac/ffmpeg/wiki/UbuntuCompilationGuide

Note - I guess my sugges about the man pages didn't get done. I'd add this to ffmpeg ./configure (may as well add a datadir too.

--mandir=/usr/local/share/man --datadir=/usr/local/share/ffmpeg


I also had the same problem and just fixed it.

The main problem I had was when upgrading I used the same user id as before. But Ubuntu actually created a new user and associated the home directory to my previous users folder. As a result all my old files were associated with my older user id and was not accessible to my new ip.

So doing a chown should fix it:

sudo chown -R user:group ~/*


first try this

sudo -i pip install --upgrade requests

if that doesn't work then below one

uninstall your pip and install the latest one hope this may solve the issue

uninstall - sudo pip uninstall pip

reinstall  sudo apt install python-pip