Unable to connect to wireless internet(wifi) through KDE plasma desktop

Try wicd

To install

sudo apt-get install wicd

Then set KDE to use wicd on: SystemSettings → Information Sources


Remove everything before first occurence of specified word

You simply remove every whitespace character (tabs, spaces, whatever) between the line start and the word "server" (only if there is nothing else but whitespaces) using the following simple command:

sed -i 's/^\s*server/server/' FILENAME

The -i option modifies the file in-place, that means all changes are applied and saved immediately and you don't get any output. If you don't want to rewrite the file and see the modified new version instead, omit the -i option and the command will print it to the STDOUT (standard output stream).

I use the regex ^\s*server to match any number of any kind of whitespaces between the line start and the word "server" inclusive, and let it replace those matches with the word "server" itself.


Create zip of folder with same name by command line

Assuming that input2 is the name of the file you want to zip, and not the directory that contains the things you want to zip, you could use this for loop

for i in $HOME/Desktop/*; do echo zip -P asdf -r $HOME/Desktop/output2/$(basename "$i").zip  "$i"; done

echo is just for testing. If the output looks right, remove echo and run the command again.

As a script

for i in $HOME/Desktop/*; do
   echo zip -P asdf -r $HOME/Desktop/output2/$(basename "$i").zip  "$i"
done


I searched for solutions to these error messages and found the answer here,  that solved my issue with DVD's not playing The page has some useful tips and tricks to solve many problems with your OS. I was instructed to open the terminal and cut and paste this text, sudo apt-get install libdvdread4, followed by, sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/install-css.sh, this has fixed the errors and now the DVD's play as the software installed decryption information to allow this.


Permission for snap arduino applications and Error opening serial port '/dev/ttyACM0' for other arduino application

This is fixed in the Arduino snap since 17/07/2020. After installing the Arduino Snap, it should have access to removable media by default.


Please try the below steps which may help,

Ping your printers and check whether it was successfull

To get started, open Printers utility from Unity Dash search results
or System Settings.

Once it opens, go to menu Server -> Settings

Check the box where it says “Publish shared printers connected to
this system” to enable network sharing of connected printers.

Finally, right-click on a printer in the list and go to its
Properties window. Under Policies tab, make sure all three boxes
(Enabled, Accepting jobs, and Shared) are checked.
Now try to connect to your printer from Ubuntu client using Internet Printing Protocol (ipp://ip.address.or.name/printers/Printername).

If Issue persists, please install CUPS to get rid of it

CUPS is installed right into Ubuntu and Linux Mint and if for some strange reason can’t find it, you can easily install it with the following command.
sudo apt-get install cups

Now the page would look something like in the image below. As you could have already recognized with the Unity dock on the left, we are running Ubuntu (13.10). You will be able to access CUPS on the same address on Linux Mint, or any other Linux distribution with CUPS as well. Once you are on this page, click on “Administrator”, and then click on “Add Printer.” You might be asked for username and password of your computer.

In the “Add Printer” page, choose the appropriate option – choose local HP Printer (HPIP) or printer or Other Networks Printers or Select Internet Printing Protocol.

In the connection field you will have to enter the IP address of your printer in the format, socket://hostname and hit continue.
It could look something like this, socket://10.33.20.23

In this page you will be asked to give a name, description and location of your machine, you can also choose if you want to share this printer or not with the sharing option. Hit “continue” to go to the next page. In this page you will have to choose your printer manufacturer and subsequently the model and hit “Add printer.” You could find almost all the printers in the list, if you don’t, you will manually have to add the PPD file, which will have all the information required.

At this point you will be able to set the default options and you are in business. Your printer will be ready for use, and whenever you need to print anything you can access your printer from the address
http://localhost:631

Hope this helps!


Screen tearing in portrait orientation only (Ubuntu 16.04, Intel HD Graphics)

No suggestions?

Maybe I need to use xrandr and xvidtune?

I tried this:

xrandr --addmode "1080x1920_60.00" 176.50  1080 1168 1280 1480  1920 1923 1933 1989 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --output HDMI2 --mode "1080x1920_60.00"

But after this monitor says "Out of range" error and doesn't output anything.

I got this mode options string from cvt:

cvt 1920 1080
1920x1080 59.96 Hz (CVT 2.07M9) hsync: 67.16 kHz; pclk: 173.00 MHz
Modeline "1920x1080_60.00"  173.00  1920 2048 2248 2576  1080 1083 1088 1120 -hsync +vsync

cvt 1080 1920
1080x1920 59.96 Hz (CVT) hsync: 119.26 kHz; pclk: 176.50 MHz
Modeline "1080x1920_60.00"  176.50  1080 1168 1280 1480  1920 1923 1933 1989 -hsync +vsync

But I think this options are wrong. Because xvidtune outputs another (real) ones:

xvidtune -show
"1920x1080"   148.50   1920 2008 2052 2200   1080 1084 1089 1125 +hsync +vsync

(same as for portrait and landscape orientations)

I think maybe I need to tune this options for portrait orientation to solve tearing?
But I don't know what do I need. Any help?

My monitor: https://iiyama.com/gb_en/products/prolite-xb2483hsu-b2/


Absolutely. If you share a folder with a person, that person gets the folder you shared and all subfolders.


Sound converter on Ubuntu Gnome offers no option for converting audios to mp3

It might be late, but still for others who are still looking to encode into mp3 using Sound Converter, install gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly .


How can I change the character limit of the search entry in the WhiskerMenu?

There's a commit to the source code dating to 2015-12-27 whose description reads:

Fix limited input length for search actions. (bug #12381)

I suppose the bug was solved by this commit, so you just need to update to a newer version to get rid of it, see here for the versions provided by the different Ubuntu releases. You can try to install a newer version of xfce4-whiskermenu-plugin directly, however this may throw errors or don't work like expected – the best solution would be to just update your whole system to (at least) the current LTS 16.04.
Edit
It turns out Ubuntu 16.04 has v1.5.1 of xfce4-whiskermenu-plugin, but the bug was fixed only in v1.5.2. I see two (practicable) alternatives for you:

Update your whole system to 16.10 and then 17.04
Try to update the package manually.

Even though I normally highly recommend staying with the package sources, in this particular case I advise you to update just the package to v1.5.2. You could also try the up-to-date version, but keeping the changes little makes it more likely to not throw errors.
tl;dr: Download v1.5.2.tar.gz and install it following these instructions, but do not use sudo make install, but sudo checkinstall instead. You might have to install checkinstall first using sudo apt install checkinstall.


Can the C++ API be used to develop scopes for Unity 7?

I've asked the question at the #ubuntu-unity IRC channel and it looks like the new C++ API is only available for the Unity8 infrastructure. So, the answer is NO.


I've setup SSH Key login, but want to avoid a passphrase

It's really not a good security policy to use passwordless ssh keys. Using pubkey authentication for signing in is a great way to secure the ssh server, but if your private key is ever compromised, your security goes right out the window. My suggestion would be to keep the password on your SSH key, and let SeaHorse automatically unlock the key when you're logged into the computer, or remember it for that specific login session. That way your key is still protected by a password, but you only have to enter the password once per login session.


Trying to run a Script File using bash for the first time

Try the old school way:

a - chmod 777 YourScript.sh

b - edit your script and make line 1:

(pound bang) /usr/bin/bash

You can determine the path to bash with 'which bash'.

c - finally, as previously indicated, make this test version simple like:

echo "hi"

hth, Matt


Based on the output of efibootmgr -v, it looks like you just need to go into your UEFI setup and put Ubuntu at the top of the boot sequence.

However, I'm not sure where the CD and HDD options might have gone, or how to get them back.


prevent suspend while streaming over samba

For what it's worth, Caffeine works if you tell it to active when smbd is running, but smbd doesn't stop or start based on when you're streaming -- it'll make the machine effectively never sleep and the display never turns off.


Panel: run application in terminal, set terminal application

It seems to be hardcoded somewhere to use GNOME Terminal.
The logic behind this seems to be the following: if GNOME Terminal is not found, then desktop-shortcut uses xterm as fallback.

We can simulate GNOME Terminal installation on MATE by using a hack - create symlink to MATE Terminal executable:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/mate-terminal /usr/local/bin/gnome-terminal

and then run application with MATE Terminal attached.

Note: I have faced the same problem with one of my laptops, so I asked a question on Ubuntu MATE Community. It is great that upcoming Ubuntu MATE 19.10 is not affected by this problem.


Mumble-Django doesn't render correctly after 12.04 to 14.04 server upgrade

I expect this is because the default versions of Django in 12.04 and 14.04 are two years apart. You've gone from 1.3 to 1.6. There are some significant changes:

1.4 release notes
1.5 release notes
1.6 release notes

You need to pay particular notice to the "Backwards incompatible changes" section in each of these release notes. Most won't apply but some will.

I suspect the big thing affecting you is the change of how Static media is referenced. That's all the problem is, it can't find the Admin CSS and Javascript that's shipped with Django.

If you're not a Python/Django programmer (I am, so sorry if I've jumped in with both feet), your Mumble site basically needs updating to modern Django conventions. Either push this up the stack to its maintainer or jump in and learn some Django.


Open the Software Center and search for synaptics, should have a couple of packages that after install should enable your touchpad.

I had the same problem on a Dell Inspiron 1545!


Why is total stat block size of a directory twice of ls block size of a directory?

stat
The block size used as the unit for st_blocks is always 512 bytes on systems that use the Linux kernel (which includes all GNU/Linux systems, such as Ubuntu). It's that size on most other Unix-like operating systems as well.
As Stephen Kitt explains in his answer to Why is st_blocks always reported in 512-byte blocks?:

The size of a block is implementation-specific. On Linux it’s always 512 bytes, for historical reasons; in particular, it used to be the typical size of a disk sector.

(emphasis mine)
stat(2) lists the members of struct stat, which include:
blkcnt_t  st_blocks;      /* number of 512B blocks allocated */

The stat command (see stat(1)) likewise uses a 512-byte block size. For example, as revealed by ls -l, on my system /bin/nano is 208480 bytes large, and the output of stat /bin/nano includes Blocks: 408.

ls
ls -l prints file sizes in bytes by default, but ls -s prints them in 1024-byte blocks. There exist ls implementations for some Unix-like systems that default to 512-byte blocks, but both GNU ls (which provides /bin/ls in Ubuntu) and busybox ls (the other ls implementation in Ubuntu) default to 1024-byte blocks. You needn't pass -k for this behavior, even though it may be necessary on some other systems.
When printing file sizes in blocks, Ubuntu's ls command defaults to 1024-byte blocks because they are are more convenient. You can change this with --block-size if you like. In practice I believe the most popular approaches are:

passing -l without -s to get a size in bytes (which is effectively a block size of 1)
passing -l or -s with -h to print more human-readable sizes with unit labels
passing -s and using the default of 1024 bytes

Some GNU utilities print 512-byte blocks when run in a POSIX compatibility mode. du is a particularly obvious case; compare the output of du /bin/nano to that of POSIXLY_CORRECT= du /bin/nano. GNU ls also behaves this way when -s is passed, but the output with -l and not -s, as well as the output with -h, is unaffected. (The output with no options is of course also unaffected, since that doesn't print a size.)
In addition to supporting --block-size, GNU ls also respects some other environment variables, most notably BLOCK_SIZE. Unlike POSIXLY_CORRECT, this affects not only ls -s but also ls -l without -s. If for some reason you have BLOCK_SIZE set but don't want it used, and you want ls -s to use 1024-byte blocks instead, passing -k with -s will override it.
There are other ways to adjust this, and some subtlety is involved when more than one way is used simultaneously. For quick details, see the examples below and ls(1) (man ls). For full details, read the GNU coreutils manual (which should also be available locally: run info coreutils), especially section 2.3 Block size.

ls examples
Here are some examples for controlling the unit size shown by ls.
ls -l prints sizes in bytes:
$ ls -l /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 208480 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano

ls -s prints sizes in 1024-byte blocks:
$ ls -s /bin/nano
204 /bin/nano

Adding -h to either prints it in human-readable form:
$ ls -lh /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 204K Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano
$ ls -sh /bin/nano
204K /bin/nano

Passing -l and -s prepends whatever -s would show by itself, rather than affecting the size columns produced by -l:
$ ls -ls /bin/nano
204 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 208480 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano
$ ls -lsh /bin/nano
204K -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 204K Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano

Adding -k to the commands shown above with -s or -l doesn't change the output, because GNU ls already defaults to 2014-byte blocks with -s, and -l shows sizes in bytes and is unaffected by -k. However, -k has an effect in more complicated situations (see below).
Adding --block-size=size-in-bytes causes sizes to be printed in blocks of the specified size:
$ ls --block-size=256 -s /bin/nano
816 /bin/nano
$ ls --block-size=512 -s /bin/nano
408 /bin/nano
$ ls --block-size=1024 -s /bin/nano
204 /bin/nano

Unlike some other options, the --block-size option has this effect even on the size column produced by ls -l that would ordinarily be shown in bytes:
$ ls --block-size=256 -l /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 815 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano
$ ls --block-size=512 -l /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 408 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano
$ ls --block-size=1024 -l /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 204 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano
$ ls -l /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 208480 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano

--block-size is not overridden by -k, even if -k appears after it:
$ ls -s --block-size=256 -k /bin/nano
816 /bin/nano
$ ls -s -k --block-size=256 /bin/nano
816 /bin/nano
$ ls -l --block-size=256 -k /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 815 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano
$ ls -l -k --block-size=256 /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 815 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano

(My examples use powers of two, but the operand to --block-size needn't be a power of two. Also, -s and -l apparently use different rounding rules.)
Setting the BLOCK_SIZE environment variable has a similar effect to passing --block-size:
$ BLOCK_SIZE=256 ls -s /bin/nano
816 /bin/nano
$ BLOCK_SIZE=512 ls -s /bin/nano
408 /bin/nano
$ BLOCK_SIZE=1024 ls -s /bin/nano
204 /bin/nano

$ BLOCK_SIZE=256 ls -l /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 815 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano
$ BLOCK_SIZE=512 ls -l /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 408 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano
$ BLOCK_SIZE=1024 ls -l /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 204 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano

The difference in effect between the --block-size option and the  BLOCK_SIZE environment variable is that the BLOCK_SIZE environment variable is more often overridden by options. -k overrides BLOCK_SIZE:
$ BLOCK_SIZE=256 ls -k -s /bin/nano
204 /bin/nano

That works with -s. But -k does not override BLOCK_SIZE for sizes displayed by -l, simply because (as detailed above) -k doesn't affect that:
$ BLOCK_SIZE=256 ls -k -l /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 815 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano
$ BLOCK_SIZE=256 ls -kls /bin/nano
204 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 815 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano

--block-size also overrides BLOCK_SIZE. Since --block-size affects both -s and -l, it overrides BLOCK_SIZE for both:
$ BLOCK_SIZE=256 ls --block-size=512 -s /bin/nano
408 /bin/nano
$ BLOCK_SIZE=256 ls --block-size=512 -l /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 408 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano
$ BLOCK_SIZE=256 ls --block-size=512 -ls /bin/nano
408 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 408 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano

Setting the POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable, even to the empty string, causes ls -s to use 512-byte blocks. The -h, -k, and --block-size options override this effect, producing their specified behavior instead. But unlike with --block-size and BLOCK_SIZE, ls -l still prints sizes in bytes.
$ POSIXLY_CORRECT= ls -s /bin/nano
408 /bin/nano
$ POSIXLY_CORRECT= ls -sh /bin/nano
204K /bin/nano
$ POSIXLY_CORRECT= ls -sk /bin/nano
204 /bin/nano
$ POSIXLY_CORRECT= ls --block-size=256 -s /bin/nano
816 /bin/nano
$ POSIXLY_CORRECT= ls -l /bin/nano
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 208480 Feb 15  2017 /bin/nano

BLOCK_SIZE takes precedence over POSIXLY_CORRECT:
$ BLOCK_SIZE=256 POSIXLY_CORRECT= ls -s /bin/nano
816 /bin/nano

Options that affect block size also of course take precedence over POSIXLY_CORRECT, since POSIXLY_CORRECT is merely changing the default block size. In particular, -k overrides POSIXLY_CORRECT:
$ POSIXLY_CORRECT= ls -s /bin/nano
408 /bin/nano
$ POSIXLY_CORRECT= ls -sk /bin/nano
204 /bin/nano

ls - other options
I haven't shown all combinations of relevant options and environment variables.
Also, there are two more environment variables related to how GNU ls chooses block sizes:

BLOCKSIZE (note that there's no underscore) behaves like BLOCK_SIZE for ls -s but not ls -l. It defers to BLOCK_SIZE when that is present.
LS_BLOCK_SIZE behaves like BLOCK_SIZE but affects only ls but not du and df. If both LS_BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCK_SIZE are set, LS_BLOCK_SIZE is used.

These environment variables, like the others, take precedence over POSIXLY_CORRECT.
As mentioned above, see section 2.3 Block size in the GNU coreutils manual for more information, including details on those. This manual, which you can read from the command line by typing info coreutils, is much more detailed than the manpages for ls and other commands provided by coreutils.


Screen crash in Lubuntu and Xubuntu both but works fine with Windows Xp

The version of Lubuntu you are using died (reached End of Life) yesterday: (http://fridge.ubuntu.com/2016/07/28/ubuntu-15-10-wily-werewolf-end-of-life-reached-on-july-28-2016/)

Given you only have 512MB of Ram I would suggest installing Lubuntu 14.04 or Xubuntu 14.04 instead of their 16.04 counterparts.

If I were you I'd buy a new used computer for a couple hundred dollars that was 100 times better than your current setup and could run Ubuntu 16.04 / 16.10.


Delete files older then x days, from the day when they moved into random folder

You can set the following script to be ran every X days (using cron):

#!/bin/bash

cd /home/etc/recycle_old           #Deletes old trash
rm -r ./*

cd /home/etc
mv -r ./recycle ./recycle_old      #Moves new trash to "old"-folder

It works like this:

1. There are 2 folders, recycle (which is already given) for the "recent" deleted files, and recycle_old for the "old" files.

2. Every X days all the content from recycle_old is deleted and replaced with the "recent" content from recycle

If you want to delete files older than a month, simply move the script to /etc/cron.monthly. If you want something more specific, check out how to set a cronjob.


End-to-end Installation Script for Solr 6 on Ubuntu 16.x

Check out Geerling Guy's Ansible role for Solr:
https://github.com/geerlingguy/ansible-role-solr

It does everything you want, with very little effort.

That being said, here's what I used to run before I started using Ansible. This works for both Solr 5 and 6 on Ubuntu 14, Ubuntu 16, and RHEL 6.

I never bothered to include anything to do with cores since that's beyond the scope of what I would normally be doing in my role, but you should be able to find that fairly easily, and append it:

#!/bin/bash -eu

[ $EUID -eq 0 ] || {
    echo "This script requires root or sudo"
    exit 1
}

# Solr depends on Java
apt-get install -y default-jre || sudo yum install -y java-headless

# Look up most recent version at http://archive.apache.org/dist/lucene/solr/
SOLR_VERSION='6.4.2'

wget "http://archive.apache.org/dist/lucene/solr/$SOLR_VERSION/solr-$SOLR_VERSION.tgz"

# Extract just the install script from the bundle
tar xzf "solr-$SOLR_VERSION.tgz" "solr-$SOLR_VERSION/bin/install_solr_service.sh" --strip-components=2

./install_solr_service.sh solr-$SOLR_VERSION.tgz


I've just checked using htop and there's one running with PID 1304 and Command /usr/bin/nvidia-persistenced --user nvidia-persistenced --no-persistence-mode --verbose. Guess everything is OK, thank you.


Missing ubuntu drivers for GT 730 in Ubuntu 14.04

You can manually install the NVIDIA proprietary drivers for the GT 730 from the xorg-edgers PPA on 14.04:

Open a terminal and type:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-340


google chrome window resizes when click 12.04 kde

I experience the same issue with Firefox, pressing the Alt key resolves it, but it's still annoying as I don't know what causes the resize at the first place.


Why is the 11.10 ISO so much larger than the 11.04 one?

According to the answer to this question, 11.10 has extra packages on the DVD versions. 11.04 and earlier had additional language packs with a few extra software in the DVD versions.

Look at the file size differences at the Ubuntu Releases page gives information that

11.04 Natty is 4 GB
11.10 Oneiric is 1.5 GB
12.04 Precise Beta 1 is 1.5 GB

You can view the extra packages by viewing the seed files of the DVD versions of Natty, Oneiric and Precise to see and make a better decision of which would suit you best.

11.04 Natty DVD seed file
11.10 Oneiric DVD seed file
12.04 Precise Beta 1 Seed file

Just remember, not everything bigger is better ;)


Cannot install Ubuntu 14.04. Cannot see installation screen when boot from DVD/USB

Thank you for your answers. Finally I find out the problem is caused by the motherboard. Z77 Extreme 4 has some asmedia SATA and ubuntu does not support Asmedia. So I have to move all the hard drive s and DVD room to Intel SATA then the problem is fixed.


error while loading shared libraries: libvtkDomainsChemistry-7.1.so.1

This library is included in libvtk7.1 package. Just do this:

sudo apt install libvtk7.1


Take a look here:
Ubuntu: How to add an iptables rule that UFW can't create

I added the netbios-ns helper to iptables, raw table using UFW config files under /etc/ufw/.
(Taken from Arch Linux - Samba - source iptables command

iptables -t raw -A OUTPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 137 -j CT --helper netbios-ns

).
  This allows browsing an MS Windows network using Thunar as an example.

I added the translated syntax to the /etc/ufw/after.rules file, at the beginning, just after the initial comment block, see below:

#
# rules.input-after
#
# Rules that should be run after the ufw command line added rules. Custom
# rules should be added to one of these chains:
#   ufw-after-input
#   ufw-after-output
#   ufw-after-forward
#

# netbios helper function allow browsing windows network
*raw
-A OUTPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 137 -j CT --helper netbios-ns
COMMIT

# Don't delete these required lines, otherwise there will be errors
[...]

Note: this syntax is the one used by iptables-save.

Then restart UFW.

Note that I had to insert at the beginning of the after.rules file, otherwise if I was appending at the end of the file, it was adding 3 times the same entry to the OUTPUT chain in the raw table once ufw was restarted.

It allowed me to avoid using the /etc/ufw/user.rules.  Perhaps it is an option that you can consider.

I hope it may help.


How do I authorize Ubuntu to access my Google acct? The "online account" window is black.

This is resolved in 18.04 LTS

So I'm going with "it was a bug and the bug is addressed in an update."


How do I explore the Ubuntu 12.04 partition in Windows 7?

Ubuntu uses ext4 for its file system.  Unfortunately, this is incompatible with Windows 7.  There are ext2 and ext3 compatibility layers you can obtain and install, but not ext4.  Unfortunately, you'll need to create a shared partition with NTFS to share files between Windows and Ubuntu, or use Ubuntu to access the Windows partition directly.


How to set Qalculator as default calculator?

I came here to find an answer which doesn't include moving around executables and creating links. Then realized that the answer is actually very simple and obvious:

Go to settings and create a custom key binding for whichever calculator app you want and calc key. Let it disable the old one. And that's it :)


How to change Details in System Settings

Just edit this picture :)

/usr/share/unity-control-center/ui/UbuntuLogo.png


You might be able to add Ubuntu by using the following Android apps

Xserver

Linux Deploy

I have not tried it myself yet because I am still waiting for the Slatebook to arrive.


How do I get my applications back after using the * command deletes them all?

You can install the applications individually.  There are lots of components that are installed by default that you'll never have need for.  So if you don't have something specific you wish to install, you might be just as well without it.

You can look at your apt-get log and see which files your purged and individually install them.

the apt-get history log:

tac /var/log/dpkg.log | less

cli to see recent purged packages:

tac /var/log/dpkg.log | egrep purge | less


Try:

tar -czvf directorios.tar.gz folder

A few notes:

Recursion is the default, from the tar man pages:

-c, --create
    Create a new archive.  Arguments supply the names of the files to be archived.
    Directories  are  archived  recursively,  unless  the --no-recursion option is
    given.

Although this can be turned off by using the --no-recursion option...
You need the archive name immediately after the -f option, the correct sequence being:

tar -c [-f ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [FILE...]
         ^^^^^^^^^^

For a more flexible command line (particularly if you wanted to use other compression utilities apart from gzip with tar) you could omit the -z option and use -a or --auto-compress option to allow tar to automatically decide which compressor to use based on the archive suffix:

-a, --auto-compress
    Use archive suffix to determine the compression program.

Recognised suffixes (and their attendant compressing applications) are:

.gz : gzip
.tgz : gzip
.taz : gzip
.z : compress
.taZ : compress
.bz2 : bzip2
.tz2 : bzip2
.tbz2 : bzip2
.tbz : bzip2
.lz : lzip
.lzma : lzma
.tlz : lzma
.lzo : lzop
.xz : xz
.zst : zstd
.tzst : zstd

tar is pretty cool :)

References:

8.1.1 Creating and Reading Compressed Archives Sound information on using the auto-compress options with tar as well as the possibilities for accomplishing the same goal with a more manual and flexible option...


When is disk fragmentation an issue and how does one fix it?

If you have too much disk space in use, ext4 cannot defrag that well so you will suffer from fragmentation at the end of the drive. Furthermore, when you write data to a hard drive, writes start at the outermost part of the magnetic platters which are faster than the innermost part at the end of the drive.

I would recommend using btrfs with compress=lzo as a mount option to both shrink the size of your compressible data and speed up transfer rates. I wouldn't recommend using Ext4 anymore considering it is slower than both Btrfs and XFS.


Ubuntu 18.04 Desktop on VirtualBox - not showing desktop or anything just black screen after odoo installation

I know getting logs might be difficult but could you share a picture of the screen? while booting pressing F2 would show a detailed log of the boot process you might take a picture when the system halts on a process and share with us. No one would be able to help unless some sort of additional details are provided especially when you're facing issue after installing any third party software. May be someone who worked with Odoo and faced similar issue would instantly identify but any other person here would need a bit more information to proceed. I hope you get it.


Preventing applications from being closed on terminal exit

You can use disown. For example, emacs file.txt & disown After that, exiting terminal won't exit the program started from it.


Do changes made on Gnome Classic affect Ubuntu Desktop?

Changes in Compiz settings, for example, do not affect other sessions. But changes like program installations, program settings and themes (I think this cares you), yes.

So, if you change the GTK theme into Gnome Classic session, this change will afect the Unity (Ubuntu), Gnome-Shell and Cinnamon sessions.


Can I install Ubuntu on a Samsung Galaxy Fit?

there is a tutorial for this already.

check this page :

ubuntu on galaxy fit


Stop Terminal to auto-put forward slash in front of $HOME

Use ~ instead of $HOME. It is shorter to write, and it will not mess up the autocompletion.

egil@morgenstern [~] $ ls \$HOME/
egil@morgenstern [~] $ ls ~/


Module installed via "pip install modulename" results in "modulename: command not found"

solved it by adding export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin to ~/.bashrc


PyPI is the Python Package index — repository of python modules.

pip is used to download and install packages directly from PyPI. PyPI is hosted by Python Software Foundation. It is a specialized package manager that only deals with python packages.

apt-get is used to download and install packages from Ubuntu repositories which are hosted by Canonical.

Some of the differences between installing python packages from apt-get and pip are as follows:

Canonical only provides packages for selected python modules. Whereas, PyPI hosts a much broader range of python modules. So, there are a lot of python modules which you won't be able to install using apt-get.
Canonical only hosts a single version of any package (generally the latest or the one released in recent past). So, with apt-get we cannot decide the version of python-package that we want. pip helps us in this situation. We can install any version of the package that has previously been uploaded on PyPI. This is extremely helpful in case of conflict in dependencies.
apt-get installs python modules in system-wide location. We cannot just install modules in our project virtualenv. pip solves this problem for us. If we are using pip after activating the virtualenv, it is intelligent enough to only install the modules in our project virtualenv. As mentioned in previous point, if there is a version of a particular python package already installed in system-wide location, and one of our project requires an older version of the same python package, in such situations we can use virtualenv and pip to install that older version of python package without any conflicts.
As @Radu Rădeanu pointed out in this answer, there would generally be difference in names of packages as well. Canonical usually names Python 2 packages as python-<package_name> and Python 3 packages as python3-<package_name>. Whereas for pip we generally just need to use <package_name> for both Python 2 as well as Python3 packages.

Which one should you use:

Both apt-get and pip are mature package managers which automatically install any other package dependency while installing. You may use anyone as you like. However, if you need to install a particular version of python-package, or install the package in a virtualenv, or install a package which is only hosted on PyPI; only pip would help you solve that issue. Otherwise, if you don't mind installing the packages in system-wide location it doesn't really matter whether you use apt-get or pip.


telnet host port.  Obviously use whatever port you are listening on, and you can always use 127.0.0.1 for your own address.


Is there a way to disable a laptop's internal keyboard?

You can use xinput to float the input device under X.

Execute the command xinput list to list your input devices.
Locate AT Translated Set 2 keyboard and take note of its id number; this will be used to disable the keyboard. Also, take note of the number at the end, [slave keyboard (#)]; this is the id number of the master, which will be used to re-enable your keyboard.
To disable the keyboard, execute the command xinput float <id#>, where <id#> is your keyboard's id number. For example, if the id was 10, then the command would be xinput float 10.
To re-enable the keyboard, execute the command xinput reattach <id#> <master#>, where master is that second number we noted down. So if the number was 3, you would do xinput reattach 10 3.

Here's a demonstration:

$ xinput list
⎡ Virtual core pointer                      id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad                id=11   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Logitech USB-PS/2 Optical Mouse           id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Logitech Unifying Device. Wireless PID:4004   id=13   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                     id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Sleep Button                              id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Acer CrystalEye webcam                    id=9    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=10   [slave  keyboard (3)]
$ xinput float 10
$ xinput list
⎡ Virtual core pointer                      id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad                id=11   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Logitech USB-PS/2 Optical Mouse           id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Logitech Unifying Device. Wireless PID:4004   id=13   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                     id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Sleep Button                              id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Acer CrystalEye webcam                    id=9    [slave  keyboard (3)]
∼ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=10   [floating slave]
$ xinput reattach 10 3
$ xinput list
⎡ Virtual core pointer                      id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad                id=11   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Logitech USB-PS/2 Optical Mouse           id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ Logitech Unifying Device. Wireless PID:4004   id=13   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard                     id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
    ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Video Bus                                 id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Sleep Button                              id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ Acer CrystalEye webcam                    id=9    [slave  keyboard (3)]
    ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=10   [slave  keyboard (3)]


The classic problem with nvidia drivers - GeForce 820M - Login loop

TMP workaround: Try to install a different GUI/Deskop, like (Just for example) LXDE (sudo apt-get install lxde)
Until it's solved; you maybe could use this(or another) desktop env.
Regards.


This seems to have solved the problem for me:

sudo cp /usr/share/app-install/desktop/vim-gui-common\:gvim.desktop /usr/share/applications

This was suggested by a related bug report.


How can I find out what kind of card reader I have?

You can find the type of card reader by running the following command:

lspci & lsusb

One of them is bound to be it. Once you have the info, you can ask a question specifically about it.


DNS address of intranet server could not be found

Adding my Servers static ip address to it's host file solved the problem.

  /etc/hosts

  127.0.0.1     myServer
  192.168.2.199 myServer


How do I apply a custom font system-wide for all users?

Well, to set this font for the root account you have to run Tweak Tool as root and set the font there once again. Root account has has its own settings, different ones from your user account.

You don't have to manually copy fonts to system locations, droid fonts are already packaged for Ubuntu (at least 12.10), you can install them by entering following command in terminal:

sudo apt-get install fonts-droid


A full command line interface environment can be achieved by using Ctrl+Alt+F1-F6 in Ubuntu.

You can try using General Purpose Mouse interface to simulate a cursor in your command line interface.

If you are looking for a command-line browser I would suggest you look into Links.


Mouse button click not working during Ubuntu 20.04 LTS dual boot installation

I had this during my install. The issue was that I had two monitors and the mouse pointer was actually on the opposite monitor that was displayed. I was able to move the mouse over and guess what fields it was on as the pointer changed.


Ubuntu 18.04 reports "system program problem detected" approximately 1min after login

The problem disappeared after the last but one system update. Just like the other machine


I just upgraded my Kubuntu 14.04 to 16.04.

Then I got a new wallet, but empty.

I had backups, so I tried to open my multiple wallets located under:
~/.kde/share/apps/kwallet/ (*.kwl and *.salt files)

KWallet asks for a password, but it cannot open the file. After searching and trying multiple solutions found on the Web, here is what did work for me:

download an image of Kubuntu 14.04, and put it on a USB drive (using the Startup Disk Creator tool).
reboot using this live Kubuntu
when KDE desktop is up and running, I opened a terminal (Konsole)
I copied my wallets files from my backup to ~/.kde/share/apps/kwallet
I launched kwallet daemon, otherwise I could not create/open wallets in kwallet: type kwalletd in the terminal
Launched regular KWallet application: I can see my two wallets
exported them as XML (somewhere accessible when rebooting)
rebooted under my normal Kubuntu 16.04 desktop
in the regular KWallet application, Import XML your XML exported files, into the (empty) existing wallet.
delete the XML exports (Please note that these files are in clear text, and contain sensitive data. Think about deleting them securely if you think this might be needed)

Hope this helps!


Is there a way to know what Ubuntu kernel used iwlwifi-firmware-7260-16.ucode?

finally, I did some changes in the order things load in rc and bluetooth came back without anychange to drivers or kernel. Weird! I did not understood what happened but it now works


VLC - scroll wheel doesn't change volume level

This happened to me! Ctrl+H also would not turn VLC into minimal view as it should.

I was using the VLC in the Ubuntu repository, so I uninstalled that.
Then I added the Getdeb.net repository (this is where VLC puts all of the new releases) and installed it from there and now it works perfect.

I don't know if this will work for you but it's worth a shot.


Downloading other users files on Ubuntu One

You quite obviously shouldn't receive anyone files but your own, this is not only a nuisance to you, but a security issue to that other user.

Double-check who you are logged in as. Double-check the contents (e.g. that you didn't have a bunch of backups or files from a share that you forgot about) and if it isn't an error on your part along either of those lines, then contact U1 support immediately.


Sony Vaio Duo 11 - Secure Dual Boot - Ubuntu and Windows 10

I should not have sped read this Ubuntu article the first few times I came upon it. It has one sentence that could have saved me a month of headache; [the laptop is] hard-coded to boot from the file /dev/sda3/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi

Knowing this, the solution became pretty easy.
1. Move or rename /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi to /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/xxxx.efi (or whatever you would like to name that file).
2. Move or copy all the contents of the linux boot folder to /EFI/Microsoft/Boot
3. Rename or copy shimx64.efi or shim.efi to bootmgfw.efi
4. Edit grub's custom_40 file to point to windows' xxxxxx.efi. This is the code to use:

menuentry "Windows 10" {
        insmod part_gpt

    insmod chain

    set root='(hd0,gpt1)'

    chainloader /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/xxxxx.efi

}

Update grub and copy the new grub.cfg to /EFI/Microsoft/Boot
Reboot and enjoy.

I tested this technique with Fedora 25 and Kubuntu 16.10.

You want to know the funny part about this whole debacle? I solved the issue after deleting Windows... go figure. I currently boot with secure boot on for an OS that doesn't need it. Hahahaha....

For Alex;

I accidentally deleted Windows in this particular laptop, so my 40_custom file is blank. I found the code to use in rod's page... scroll down to the part where it says configuring grub 2 and you will see this code;

  menuentry "Windows 7" {
        insmod part_gpt
        insmod chain
        set root='(hd0,gpt1)'
        chainloader /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/xxxxx.efi
}

This is what you paste at the bottom of the 40_custom file. Make sure that the chainloader DOES NOT point to the bootmgfw.efi and instead points to the windows efi file you renamed. If it points to the bootmgfw.efi, selecting the option windows will just load grub again. Also make sure that '(hd0,gpt1)' points to the actual partition where your efi partition is. I don't remember how the partitions are laid out since I accidentally wiped out this HD (ooopss). Also please note my updated steps above. Good luck!


How to reload Variety wallpaper changer?

OK. Here is a method that works with me.

Do not autostart variety. Always launch it after you have started your DE (Desktop Environment). That has solved all problems for me.

In a session, if you have already started variety and it is causing any problems, start a terminal, type variety. It will give an error. The error will indicate the PID of the variety process already running.

Just do kill -9 that PID. and restart variety.

Let me know if this does not work.


By default Ubuntu disables some 3rd party sources, which might include some network drivers.

From the Settings Manager option in menu open "Software & Updates". Try to check "Software restricted by copyright" and "Proprietary drivers"


Set a different icon pack for gnome shell

I am afraid this is not possible to set different icon packs for different components of the Gnome Shell desktop. The whole desktop environment relies on a single icon theme. In principle, what you want to achieve could be realized by substituting  relevant icons by versions you want.


Memory limiting solutions for greedy applications that can crash OS?

The shell built-in ulimit allows you to restrict resources. For your case, to limit memory use in the shell (and its children), use ulimit -v.

Demonstration setting a memory limit of 100 MB (100000 KB):

$ ulimit -v
unlimited
$ python -c '[ "x" * 100000000 ]'
$ ulimit -v 100000
$ python -c '[ "x" * 100000000 ]'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
MemoryError

It's observed using ps uww -C script-name-here that python requires at least 29MB of memory (VSZ column). The RSS limit grows as your python script needs more memory so adapt that column.


5 min?  More like an entire day as you'd have to create your own keyboard mapping (=redefine entire keyboard).

If you drop request #1 and just want the "Super" key (not "Windows" key) to bring up an on-screen keyboard, you'd first have to

gsettings list-recursively  | grep --ignore-case "super"

and redefine all the keys that use "Super" to use something else, then create the custom keyboard shortcut, define some temporary shortcut (like [Alt][Shift_L][Shift_R][Ctrl][W]) using the UI, then

gsettings list-recursively  | grep --ignore-case "[Alt][Shift_L][Shift_R][Ctrl][W]"

and then re-define using

gsettings set path_to_key "<Super>"

That would only take an hour or so...


Issues with firefox, localized storage, and dpkg

OP's own answer:

What I did was went into synaptics package manager, and just reinstalled xul-ext-websites-integreation from there, and it fixed it. I found out it was only half installed.


dd reads the amount of bytes mentioned in the bs parameter (default 512 bytes) from source on each read(2) call, and writes to the destination using write(2).

There is no caching involved here, but some buffering could be involved here as the data is being written.


Going from 32-bit to 64-bit, will "Reinstall Ubuntu" in the installer break my system?

It is not

"installed software will be kept"

It is

"installed software will be kept where possible"

The installer will see a difference in architecture and come to the conclusion "where possible" is not applicable and delete all 32-bit software before installing the 64-bit version.

The only thing I am not sure about are config files. These might remain on your system. I doubt config files will mess things up.

When switching architecture I would suggest picking the more sensible option: format+re-install (option 2).


Virtualbox is not updating to Version 4.1. Why?

Oracle treat point releases (4.x) as new releases, not upgrades (4.x.y).

As such - for stability reasons, some people continue with, for example, 4.0.x until either support for 4.0 is withdrawn, or sufficient bugs are flattened in the new 4.1.x releases.

The usual policy is to deinstall your 4.0 release before downloading and installing the 4.1 release.

All your previous settings and virtual machines are safe since they are stored separately from the actual package.

Since it is a new release, you'll need to also upgrade the Virtual Guest Additions for each Virtual Machine that you have.


How to execute SQL statement from command line?

Edit: OP's actual problem apparently is table name that entirely consists of digits. According to SQL-92 standard table names cannot start with a digit, but otherwise can contain digits. For such case, one simply needs to wrap the name in double or single quotes as in SELECT * FROM "12345";

Essentially, what you need is the psql command - the command-line interpreter for Postgres, which comes by default with Postgres installation on Ubuntu. Running psql -U username databasename will allow you to connect to that, and execute SQL queries via that command-line interpreter. If you're asking about running commands while in bash shell, you should be using psql command with -c flag. Something along the lines of

psql -U username -d database.db -c "SELECT * FROM some_table"

For multiline queries you can use heredoc:

$ psql -U admin_serg hello_world <<EOF
> SELECT * FROM foobar;
> EOF

 foo |     bar
-----+-------------
   1 | Hello World
(1 row)

Of course, if you haven't created a particular user with postgres , you might want to do that, or just log in as psql user first, sudo su postgres.

As for syntax error, you probably tried to enter an SQL query directly into the command-line ( in your case, that'd be probably bash shell ). That's not how this works - bash doesn't understand SQL, only its own syntax, hence why psql command-line interpreter exists, just like for other databases (sqlite3 for instance) or there's GUI tools for that(like pgAdmin for postgres or sqlitebrowser for sqlite3).

See also:

PostgreSQL - query from bash script as database user 'postgres'

How to create user for a db in postgresql?


The xkill command is a little bit primitive, although sometimes useful.

Much more sophisticated is the pkill command (pkill man page).

For example, shut down all Firefox browser instances can be done with :

pkill firef

(Yes, only the relevant part of the application command is needed)

Shut down all commands running by user Dominico :

sudo pkill -u dominico

Sometimes pkill will not work when an application is called in a script or through an interpreter, e.g. bash or python here. In that case you can consider shutting down the "program helper" which starts the other program.

Note : Beware, using pkill command to kill bash processes would be very counter productive on your local computer as all your login processes might be killed, and it would be much worse on a server!


If you are using the plasma-discover-updater (german:Aktualisierungsverwaltung) it is enough to tick on the package-name in the list, then the "changelog" of the package appears in a given field.


where do I download ubuntu desktop for intel?

This is for Intel too. The amd64 mean that this image is for 64-bit architecture.

On below link you have direct links to downland with information aobut images:
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/netboot/18.04/

Of corse you can download all releases from this link too:
http://releases.ubuntu.com/


You should run sudo burg-install /dev/sda, too (with replacing sda by the device which boots first).


You need spaces around +:

expr $a + $b

Example:

$ a=10

$ b=20

$ expr $a+$b
10+20

$ expr $a + $b
30

bash has built-in support for arithmetic using the arithmetic operator (()) and also can do arithmetic substitution $(()), you should try to leverage these instead
Although not strictly necessary here, you should quote your variable expansions


Compiling Torch on Ubuntu 17.04: No Support for GCC version >5 and Gcc error: gcc: error trying to exec 'cc1': execvp: No such file or directory

I fixed the first error by installing gcc-5:

sudo apt-get install gcc-5

next, it said it couldnt find cc1, so i did

which cc1

which returned a blank. This was because I didn't install g++-5

sudo apt-get install gcc-5 g++-5

we next want to make this our default gcc, so

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-5 1

and finally

./install.sh

in the torch directory works. This is similar to the approach here:
https://gist.github.com/beci/2a2091f282042ed20cda

torch getting started that started it all: http://torch.ch/docs/getting-started.html

hope  this helps someone


What do the fstab mount options 'errors=remount -ro' mean?

From the man page:

errors={continue|remount-ro|panic}
    Define the behavior  when  an  error  is  encountered.   (Either
    ignore  errors  and  just  mark  the  filesystem  erroneous  and
    continue, or remount the filesystem read-only, or panic and halt
    the  system.)   The default is set in the filesystem superblock,
    and can be changed using tune2fs(8).

Essentially, when there is an error mounting the disk with read/write privileges, it will instead mount it as 'read only'.

Whether or not 'defaults' are used in your setup are not necessarily relevant.  Yes, you can expect 'defaults' here, but the lack therein doesn't hurt you a ton.

As well, the '0 1' part isn't part of the mount options - everything in an fstab line is space-delimited / tab-delimited - any space between things indicates the 'next argument' to use.

As a security person, though, my advice is that if you believe your system was tampered with during installation outside that of the typical installer, then you should not be using that system, and should install with a known, good ISO and no networking during that installation to rule out network boot installer images causing issues.


Have you tried the package fnfxd? Supposed to enable access to the function keys in Toshiba laptops, though have not tried this personally. You may also wish to check for fnfx-client in Launchpad. Have not personally tried as my laptop is pre-built for Ubuntu by a  company that only builds Ubuntu laptops, so the hardware just works. However, still do my own builds and deployment methods.


Mouse cursor flickering and disappearing

I had the same problem. You can fix it manually.
Open System Settings > Displays.
In the Displays window, you will see an Unknown monitor.
Click it and disable it.


Ubuntu 12.014 not connecting to LAN nor internet

In /etc/network/interfaces the correct syntax is dns-nameservers not dns-nameserver (note the s at the end). Your computer's address is 10.22.66.10. You did not tell anything about the computer at 10.22.66.1; I cannot guess why it does not answer pings.


Can Tomboy import notes from a directory (eg Dropbox)?

Answered in a comment and approved as a fix by the OP:

  Tomboy can be started with tomboy --note-path /some/path and grab
  notes from there. But note filenames will look like this:
  109629e3-e99c-4db2-8776-ad6a7fc3adc8.note and it's not recommended to
  edit them manually.


Why does systemd notify fail my service if I run script with sudo

Read man sudo sudoers and use sudo -E to pass your whole set of environment variables along.


First you need to know which kernel you are running. You do that with

$ uname -a
Linux hostname 3.2.0-74-generic #109-Ubuntu SMP Tue Dec 9 ....

The 3.2.0-74-generic is the interesting part. If you see through the files you will notice that there are always the same 5 files with the same number. Afaik these build each version/installation of a specific kernel version. Now to delete an older version of the kernel, just delete all 5 files from the older version. To delete "3.13.0-34" just delete every file with "3.13.0-34" in it.

Update: While searching again myself i found a simpler solution here: Unable to update ubuntu applications because there is not enough space on /boot

sudo apt-get remove --purge linux-image-3.11.0-XX-generic

Where linux-image-XXX  should accordingly be filled in with the kernel version you want to delete.


shaswat@ubuntults:~/Desktop$ , need to know about the symbols here?

The tilde ~ is a shortcut for your home. This part of the prompt is the current working directory, which, when you open a terminal, is /home/USERNAME. It changes when you move around

zanna@monster:~$ cd playground/cake
zanna@monster:~/playground/cake$ cd /etc
zanna@monster:/etc$ cd
zanna@monster:/etc$ cd ~/Desktop
zanna@monster:~/Desktop$

The full path for ~/playground/cake is /home/zanna/playground/cake but the prompt shows the short version. I move to /etcand the prompt shows the full path no ~ Then I use the ~ in a command to move to my Desktop, which saves some typing as well as space in the prompt.

the $ means you are a normal user, not root - it changes to a # if you open a root shell:

zanna@monster:~$ sudo -i
[sudo] password for zanna:
root@monster:~#


This seems to be a bug in 12.04.2. As stated in comments, a simple fix would be unloading the mouse driver and load it again like this:

sudo modprobe -r psmouse
sudo modprobe psmouse proto=imps

This only keeps the touchpad working on this session. To make it permanent one can create a file like /etc/modprobe.d/psmouse.conf (you can choose the name you want, but you must keep the extension) with the following content:

options psmouse proto=imps


What to do with an ISO once you've mounted it (gparted)

The ISO is meant to be burned to a CD, but you could also use dd to write it to the flash stick. If you need more info on how to do this, then just drop a comment below :)

Also, keep in mind that you can't resize your main partition while you're booted from it.


Fixing broken packages is described here.

In summary use following commands:

sudo apt-get update –fix-missing
sudo dpkg –configure -a
sudo apt-get install -f

If the problem of a broken package still exist the solution is to edit the dpkg status file manually.


Libre Office Calc: Export to CSV with CRLF line endings

Line termination is not part of the CSV specification. It depends on the operating system. If you work on linux you get LF; if you use windows, CRLF.
When exporting any kind of text files from linux to windows a conversion tool is required: unix2dos.


"No command 'Not' found, did you mean: ..."? whenever I open a new shell

Yeah, looks like a typo in your .bashrc or .bash_profile or .profile.

You can add set -x to the top and try again and it will give you more info.


Vmware guest O windows 8red color become blue

It appears that Inverted Colors has somehow turned itself on in your Windows 8 guest. Try this to see if you can turn it back off:

Press WinKey+F to open the search tool and then type in "Magnifier"

Click on "Magnifier" in the search list (not "install magnifier" or something)

Once Magnifier opens, the screen may, as you might expect, magnify where your pointer is. Ignore this (or hit the minus button until the screen goes back to 100%) and locate the gear icon in the Magnifier window.

Uncheck "Turn on color inversion" and click "OK".

Hopefully, this will fix the color issue.


How to install a language pack in Ubuntu Phone Aquaris BQ 4.5

I don't think you can easily install an additional language on the BQ phone.

OTOH, it looks like the translations into Breton to a large extent have been completed just recently. The phone is shipped with the languages with highest translation coverage. I'm not sure, but I think it means that Breton will soon be added via updates.

If you want you can post a message about it to the ubuntu-translators mailing list.


wordpress upload permission on nginx & ubuntu

Problem solved. The issue was tedious WordPress settings oversight. Completely forgot to check uploads folder location after server migration; check for upload folder setting under Settings/Media.


apt-get: command not found after installed the aptitude

As you are working on the Ubuntu 18.04, By default It will have the apt-get Installed. if this Command is not found means the Installation of Ubuntu is not Proper. Please have a check with it.

Follow this Link.


USB pen (Kingston 16GB) is not detecting / mount in the system (Ubuntu 12.10 or Windows)

You can't fsck something that doesn't have a filesystem or even a partition, formatting won't work either.

You say it's not recognized in Windows either, probably a hardware failure.


Yes, you can name your mountpoints pretty much any way you want (although there are conventions on "what is usually stored/mounted under what path"); note however that you'll always need a / (root) filesystem to mount them to. I cannot vouch for each and every program to remain stable (programmers are lazy and prone to unreasonable assumptions), but overall there shouldn't be much problems.

However, the conventions mean that a lot of software is looking for stuff in the usual places - e.g. for "Windows style" mounts, the folder /media is used (many programs check it for "mounted drives"); if you mount your drives elsewhere, they'll be accessible, but you'll need to remember where you've put them ;)

Note that programs installed through package manager(s) usually reside in /usr; if you're looking to change this, it might be a bit more work (but still ultimately possible).

It is also possible to "bind mount" a filesystem or its part, making the files accesible in multiple ways - e.g. you could have /home/user accessible as /U/ by doing mount --bind /home/user /U ; for details, see http://docs.1h.com/Bind_mounts


Shotwell remembers old image names - how to I get it to use the new names instead?

Normally Shotwell does not modify the photos, but stores added meta-data in it's own database: ~/.local/share/shotwell/data/photo.db[.bak].

If deleting that doesn't remove the titles, then it may be updating the exif information; the option to do this is located in preferences, under the first tab (Collection). You can tell by right-clicking one of the files in question in Nautilius, and reading the content of the image tab.

You may want to look at a tool like jhead to strip the info if that is the case.


Cannot change window border theme in Gnome (shell or flashback)

To change window border in GNOME Flashback (Metacity) you will need to do it from terminal:

gsettings set org.gnome.metacity theme Ambiance


Yes you can

type as

nano /etc/hosts

and in that file made the entry as

11.10.10.2 mywebsite.com

Then you can access your webiste with

mywebsite.com/mywebsite/index.php


Would I still be able to play those games using WINE?

No. Well technically the answer could be yes but the experience is horrible.
BF2 works with wine (platinum rating). BF3 does not (bronze/garbage rating). Skyrim also has a platinum rating. BUT as with anything wine related: getting it to work well will take some effort.

  Or would I be better off using Windows?

Yes. But do not dismiss dual booting so quickly: Ubuntu takes time to learn (like any operating system you start the 1st time). So you probably want to have a fall-back for the time being. Why not opt for dual boot?

Gaming on Linux is possible. And I mean gaming with high quality games; not the games currently in the games section of any Linux system (mahjongg, chess, bubble clones etc). Gaming on Linux currently is equal to Steam and Humble. The Linux games list on Steam is growing and growing. And it has some cool games too.  Unreal Tournament is coming soon. The Unreal engine is coming to Steam/Linux too. That means this list of games might be coming to Linux too (speculation on my part ;) )

If you like Civilization V you are in luck: their supported OS list got updated with "Linux" on steam.


Your main user is member of group 'sudo'. Default settings is to ask your password in order to perform any activity which requires some privilegies.

in order to change it, you need to run in a terminal:

sudo visudo

and change this line:

%sudo   ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

for this line:

%sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

save the changes and close your session to have your system taking the changes.


Lenovo Y700 15-ISK headset microphone and internal microphone not working on Ubuntu 20.10

This answer is completely speculative. I am by no means a linux Pro and i am actually just here to ask a similar question later.
Ubuntu usually ships with ALSA and Pulseaudio.
First of all i would check if my pulseaudio and alsa servers are running.
PulseAudio:
pactl list

ALSA:
aplay -l

Both will give an error if the sound system is not running. ALSA will be loaded with the kernel, PulseAudio will be started later. If this was not the case we can start PulseAudio manually from the terminal with:
pulseaudio [options]  ## option -D starts the daemon

If everything is running and the mic is listed somewhere but the mic is still not working, then you maybe should update to the new pulseaudio 14. Because the support for gaming headsets is better with the new pulseaudio version and by the looks of it you are using a gameing Laptop, so i assume you are also using a gaming headset. But i cant help you with the update to version 14. Because that is why i am here too. If i get an answer i will update this answer as well.
You definitely should tell us which Headset you are using.


GRUB is giving an error while loading Windows 10

I can't really say what is causing this issue. You Windows disk is intact for sure since you mention you could log in once. Probably there is something wrong with the boot.

I suggest to use Boot-repair. It is a tool to repair frequent boot issues while installing multiple OS - particularly Linux and Windows together. Create a live CD or USB from the downloaded ISO and boot into it.

More information can be found here : Boot Repair


How can I give full permission to folder and subfolder

Press Ctrl+Alt+T to go to a terminal and type:

sudo mkdir /var/szDirectoryName
sudo chmod a+rwx /var/szDirectoryName

Where szDirectoryName is the name of the directory you would like, a means "all" (users) + means "add the following rights" and rwx means read, write and execute respectively...

Note: there already is such a directory in /var which all users have access to: tmp (full path: /var/tmp) which itself is symlinked to /tmp.
Beware however that all files in /tmp are deleted at boot time.

For any further information, here is a great resource on all directories in Linux.


Add to your ~/.bashrc:

export HISTFILESIZE=20000
export HISTSIZE=20000

And you'll have 20k as limit.

  HISTSIZE is the number of lines or commands that are stored in memory
  in a history list while your bash session is ongoing.

  HISTFILESIZE is the number of lines or commands that (a) are allowed
  in the history file at startup time of a session, and (b) are stored
  in the history file at the end of your bash session for use in future
  sessions. (from here)


How to kill synergy/evict all connections

have you tried ps -ef | grep synergy instead


Can Brother ADS 2000 scanner be used in Ubuntu 12.04?

In this case, Brother provide a Linux driver for this on their website in RPM and Debian variants for 32-bit and 64-bit:

http://welcome.solutions.brother.com/bsc/public_s/id/linux/en/download_scn.html#brscan4_ads

They also provide installation instructions for Linux:

http://welcome.solutions.brother.com/bsc/public_s/id/linux/en/instruction_scn1d.html

That said, Linux itself contains support for thousands of hardware products built-in, often even when the hardware vendor doesn't (for example, sometimes open source developers will have written their own alternative driver).

I would encourage you to see if you can use it without installing the hardware vendor's driver first, just to see if a built-in driver in Linux will handle it.  If so, that'll be a cleaner solution for you.

Often, the drivers supplied in Linux will be open-source and maintained while drivers supplied by manufacturers may be closed-source and dated.  That said, often there is no existing open-source driver for a piece of hardware.  And sometimes the manufacturer themselves made their driver open-source and so a derivative of that appears in Linux.


accidently blocked access to sudoers.d whilst trying to change ushare config

You've changed the permissions of one or more of sudo's configuration files. Because the files could potentially lead to major insecurity on some systems with the wrong permissions, sudo refuses to work at all unless their permissions are set correctly. Since sudo will not work, you cannot use it to become root (the superuser) to fix them.

However, there are actually two mechanisms used on a desktop Ubuntu system to perform actions as root: sudo, and PolicyKit. PolicyKit provides a command that you can use to run run non-graphical programs as root, similar to sudo: the pkexec command.

If your problem is that the file /etc/sudoers has the wrong permissions, you can fix this with:

pkexec chmod 440 /etc/sudoers

Then you should be able to use sudo again. (You can try running a harmless command like sudo ls to find out.)

If there are files in /etc/sudoers.d that have the wrong permissions, you may have to set their permissions correctly, in a similar manner. Or just do it for all of them at once:

pkexec chmod 440 /etc/sudoers.d/*

(Even the README file in there is required to have these restrictive permissions, so there should be no problem using that command. However, you likely don't need it, if it's just /etc/sudoers itself that got the wrong permissions.)

See also this related question.

You might have been tempted to change the permissions of /etc/sudoers or of a file in /etc/sudoers.d to edit it. You should not do this, and you do not need to. In the future, you should use visudo to edit these files instead. That does so safely, and prevents the problem you are now experiencing.


How to enable GPU mining on a spare card not used for main display?

Unfortunately there is no way to install proprietary drivers without risking changes to xorg.conf . Trying to use your integrated graphics will only complicate things further. You may want to try a headless linux / server edition and just forget about the integrated graphics if mining is really your main goal. Unity is known to take its toll on light weight gpus, if you want a desktop you might try Lubuntu then driver install, or start with server linux, install gfx driver, then install a desktop.

Making a backup of xorg.conf before this is done can save a little trouble in some cases. Check out section 4.2 in this link below for a step by step.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/AMD

Edit- even though your computer did not need a xorg.conf on basic install, you often need to add one to gain more control over gpus.

These examples are using an Nvidia gpu to generate a xorg.conf, however I see nothing that would stop it from working with AMD/ATI (except for the one answer that calls for nvidia-xconfig)

Instead "sudo amdconfig --adapter=all --initial" can be used as a replacement for that command to generate a xorg.conf for multiple gpus.

How to make an xorg.conf file

Full documentation can be found here https://wiki.ubuntu.com/X/Config

This includes some docs on dual gpu systems with hybrid graphics like yours.

There are no cryptocurrencies left that will generate anything but a loss in electrical usage when mined with a gpu though due to asics being the large part of the scene, if it is merely for testing and curiosity of how it works by all means plug away, you may want to visit the bitcoin.stackexchange for some further advice.


USB live key recognized by BIOS but not recognized on reboot?

I suggest the following ways to find a solution:

Try to boot another computer from the USB boot drive
Check check the downloaded iso file with md5sum
Try another tool to make the USB boot drive bootable, for example Rufus or Win32DiskImager in Windows, or mkusb in linux. See the following links,

rufus.akeo.ie

wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager/iso2usb

help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb


Unity is not working after upgrade to Ubuntu 15.10

Reinstalling didn't work for me, as the problem was due to specific user files (~/.)

To get back your Unity launcher after an upgrade to Ubuntu 15.10, you can just open a virtual terminal Ctrl+Alt+F1, log in and then:

sudo service lightdm stop
cd ~
rm  -rf .gconf .gconfd .compiz .config/compiz .config/dconf
sudo service lightdm restart

That's all, it worked for me! My old installation had probably messed up user files, so removing them did the trick.


How do I get the last file (based on date) in a directory?

The problem is that the list program does not understand "-tr | tail -1" as a command argument and is returning an error.

You need to use ftp_rawlist($conn_id, "-tr"); and process the list after it returns. This web site has a bunch of examples working with the results from the command.


Why apt-get install and remove do not clear the same space

If we could inspect the full output of those two commands we would likely find that apt-get install latex2html installed many more packages (dependencies of latex2html) than apt-get remove latex2html removed (only a single one, latex2html itself).

It’s easy to see that the sum of a set of positive numbers A is larger than that of a set B which is a true subset of A. More concretely: the package latex2html (set B in the analogy) occupies less space than the same package plus all of its dependencies (set A, if there was at least one unsatisfied dependency during package installation).

If you want to remove all unused1 dependency packages you can use:

sudo apt remove <PACKAGE>
sudo apt autoremove

or simply

sudo apt autoremove <PACKAGE>

All these commands will ask for confirmation if Apt intends to do something beyond what you instructed it to do directly, e. g. install or remove a different package on top of the ones specified on the command line. You can also ask apt to only show what it would do and not actually do it via the command-line options -s, --simulate, --just-print, --dry-run, --recon, or --no-act (all equivalent).

1 In this context "unused" means that no manually installed package depends on it (directly or transitively). "Manually" means that someone or something instructed Apt to install this particular package directly, i. e. via apt-get install <PACKAGE>, Software Center, or some other package manager interface, and that it was not merely selected for installation as a dependency of a different package by Apt.


Ubuntu remote server control from other network

I've done the same thing with a debian, using ssh.

First of all, you should be sure that your IP is not dynamic (otherwise, look at a service like no-ip). After that, you have to open your ssh port (default, 22 - but I suggest to change it) in your router and you're free to access your ubuntu using ssh

For a grafic interface, I usually run a tightvncserver from ssh and then I connect to it with any vnc client


Migrating Ubuntu 20.04 LAMP from MySQL to MariaDB

A "definitive guide" will be hard to write for every situation as every server is different. Versions have to be taken into account as well as database engines and the like. That said, the basics would look like this:
1 — Export all databases (with procedures & triggers intact)
The first — and most important thing — is that you first export all of your databases. There are some that you will not need going forward, though, so let's export just the ones you care about:
mysqldump -u {user} -p --events --routines --triggers wordpress > wordpress-export.sql
mysqldump -u {user} -p --events --routines --triggers drupal > drupal-export.sql
mysqldump -u {user} -p --events --routines --triggers phpmyadmin > phpmyadmin-export.sql

Be sure to change {user} to the user account with the highest privileges in your database, otherwise you may have an incomplete export. Be sure to also change the name of the databases to their proper names, and the export name to something unique.
I would not recommend using the --all-databases flag here as that will include three MySQL-specific tables that should not be installed against your soon-to-be-created MariaDB installation.
2 — Prepare a List of Database Accounts
When you build the new database, it will be important to ensure that all of your important user accounts exist. We can query the database to see what the user account names are and, more importantly, we can query the database to build the CREATE statements that we will need later in step 5 of this guide.
Log into your MySQL installation and run this query:
SELECT CONCAT('CREATE USER ''', `User`, '''@''', `Host`, ''' IDENTIFIED BY ''CorrectHorseBatteryStaple'';') as `username`
  FROM mysql.user
 WHERE `User` NOT LIKE 'mysql.%' and `User` NOT LIKE 'slave%'
   and `User` NOT IN ('root', 'debian-sys-maint')
 ORDER BY `username`;

This will output something like:
CREATE USER 'wordpress'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'CorrectHorseBatteryStaple';
CREATE USER 'drupal'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'CorrectHorseBatteryStaple';
CREATE USER 'admin'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'CorrectHorseBatteryStaple';

Save this list to a file somewhere, as you'll need it shortly.
3 — Completely Eliminate MySQL from the Server
If you are 100% sure that you have everything you need out of the MySQL database, now is the time to scrub it from the server.

Ensure MySQL is not running:sudo systemctl stop mysql
Completely Remove MySQL:

sudo apt purge mysql-server \
               mysql-client \
               mysql-common \
               mysql-server-core-* \
               mysql-client-core-*

Eliminate the MySQL configuration, data, and log directories:

sudo rm -Rf /etc/mysql /var/lib/mysql /var/log/mysql

Ensure everything is kosher in apt:

sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt autoclean

4 — Install MariaDB Server
Next comes the MariaDB installation. I won't step through all of the different configuration options that you might want to have installed, but will point out a couple that may make your life a bit easier. First, though, let's get it installed:
sudo apt install mariadb-server
sudo mysql_secure_installation

While MariaDB is installed on your server, most of the tools you'll be using will be aimed at MySQL. This is why the second command is mysql_secure_installation rather than something that is more appropriately named.
When you run mysql_secure_installation you'll be asked these questions:

Enter current password for root (enter for none): ⇠ Hit the Enter key
Set root password? [Y/n] ⇠ Choose Y
Enter password ⇠ Enter a good one, then enter it again when asked to confirm.

Now, because you cannot sign in as root without sudo, you will likely want to create your account with all of the admin privileges that you may need.

Log into MariaDB:sudo mysql -u root -p
Enter the password you defined previously.
Create your account:CREATE USER 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'CorrectHorseBatteryStaple';Note: Be sure to change admin to whatever you'd like your account to be named, and CorrectHorseBatteryStaple to a lesser-known password that you will remember.
Grant all privileges with the ability to do ... everything:GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Flush the privileges:FLUSH PRIVILEGES; ⇠ Very Important

5 — Recreate the User accounts
Using the list you prepared earlier, recreate the various user accounts required by WordPress, Drupal, and (possibly) phpMyAdmin.
CREATE USER 'wordpress'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'CorrectHorseBatteryStaple';
CREATE USER 'drupal'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'CorrectHorseBatteryStaple';

Note: Be sure to set the user names and passwords to ones you actually want.
6 — Recreate your databases
For each database that you need, run this in MariaDB:
CREATE DATABASE wordpress CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci;

Of course, change wordpress to the actual name of the database that you would like to create.
7 — Import all databases into the new DBs
mysql -u {user} -p wordpress < wordpress-export.sql

Do this for each of the databases that was exported, replacing the database name and SQL file with the correct ones. If you make a mistake and import a file into the wrong database, don't worry, you can "fix" it like this:

Connect to MariaDB:mysql -u admin -p
Type in your password
Drop the database you accidentally imported into:DROP DATABASE whoopsie;
Recreate the database:CREATE DATABASE whoopsie CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci;
Re-import the correct file.

Now we get to set the permissions for the accounts we created earlier:
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wordpress.* TO 'wordpress'@'localhost';

Again, do this for each account, making sure they have access to the correct databases. Once done, flush the privileges to ensure they're active:
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Now, at this stage, you can double-check that the database names, account names, and passwords for all of your websites are correct. If everything is good, restart your web server and give it a test.
More Important Notes:
One thing I will recommend, TEST THIS BEFOREHAND. I have seen a lot of MySQL⇢MariaDB migrations go sideways, then people call me in at crazy rates to fix the problems. Test, test, test. Some things in MySQL do not transparently work in MariaDB. You do not want to be mid-migration and discover that a table needs a collation change or an import file is broken.
If you have experience with Virtual Machines, these are ideal for testing migrations with.


That command you're looking for is dmidecode. dmidecode is a tool for dumping a computer's DMI (some say SMBIOS) table contents in a human-readable format.

To get a full infomation about system hardware:

dmidecode | less

You can use dmidecode with grep to get a specific section from command's results:

sudo dmidecode | grep -A4 'Base Board Information'

You can use dmidecode with --string argument to display a specific piece of information:

sudo dmidecode --string baseboard-manufacturer

For the full list of supported strings checkout the man page.

man dmidecode

If dmidecode is not available on your system, you can install it by running:

sudo apt-get install dmidecode


once you installed successfully, open Appearance Preferences from the System->Preferences->Appearance menu and select the Blubuntu appearance

you could also install from command-line as below.

sudo apt-get install blubuntu-look


What is the difference between vagrant and juju?

quick version:

vagrant is a tool for working with virtualbox instances.  This is typically used during development (on a mac) to test-deploy your app into virtual machines that look more like your eventual production (i.e., linux) environment.  It's got a customizable (ruby) stack of handlers to create such a virtual environment any way you'd like.  Vagrant is a powerful tool to programmatically manage virtual environments and provides for all sorts of "local" variations of continuous-integration-style development techniques.  It's most often used to run Ubuntu VMs on a Mac, but will run on various platforms and deploy various target operating systems.  Afaik, it only works with virtualbox as an underlying "provider".

juju is a tool to orchestrate services using various different underlying providers: ec2 clouds, openstack clouds, lxc VMs, and MaaS servers.  It shares a "local development" story (using lxc containers instead of virtualbox VMs) with vagrant, but that's really the only overlap.  In fact, I'd like to see a vagrant provider written for juju so juju can drive virtualbox containers on a local environment with the same ease that it drives cloud and lxc images.  That'd be a great fit!  Also, juju really derives a lot of its value from the set of charms/services that can be spun up straight out-of-the-box, whereas vagrant's essentially a lower-level local container provider.

In fact we provide a Vagrant box with Juju so that users can test the local provider from within a VM:

https://jujucharms.com/docs/1.25/config-vagrant
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qLNPn2rQynM

Note that there have been efforts to "unify" deployment scripts around vagrant so that the same scripts can be used to deploy to cloud instances as well as vagrant boxes.  These appear to be mostly one-off asides from vagrant proper, and frankly just highlight the need for a tool like juju.


onClicked: { Qt.openUrlExternally("http://bbc.co.uk/"); }


Unable to accept user's license agreement in Eclipse IDE

It works.  Depending on what you're installing, you might have to:

Accept multiple license agreements (accept each and click next).
Toggle to accept all and accept all the agreements at once.

What @rafal said was right.  In some cases you need to scroll to the bottom of the window.

If none of this solves the problem, add a screenshot to your question so we can "see" your window.


Graphics Card .. Which Vendor Has Better Compatibilty?

This is a really diverse topic, but I would go with the AMD card, because I had a better experience with AMD graphics cards when setting up multi-monitor setups using Ubuntu. But this can probably be different for you.

What's really good about AMD is the open source driver as you noted. The Linux kernel 3.11 features a new version of the AMD open source driver, which makes it really usable. I have it running for a week now and all my problems with linux graphics have disappeared. Unfortunately the 3.11 kernel is only available in Ubuntu 13.10 which is currently only available as a daily. In my experience it is really stable, but if you want to stay with the stable release, you probably have to wait until October to get the new open source driver. Before the new version I would strongly recommend the closed source driver.


How to set default umask in Ubuntu 17.04?

To set permissions for all directories and files that are created day-forward by any user:

sudo nano /etc/pam.d/common-session
Find the line with "session optional pam_umask.so"
Change this to "session optional pam_umask.so umask=0077"
Save the file.
Reboot.

New files will be 600.
New directories will be 700.


18.04.3 LTS XRDP "login failed for display: 0"

There is a known issue with Ubuntu 18.04.2 and 18.04.3 and xrdp package found in the repository. When you install xrdp from repository on Ubuntu 18.04.2 and later, the package needs xorg-xserver-core packages while these point releases have the xorg-xserver-core-hw* packages installed

Please note also that since Ubuntu 18.04, xRDP is working fine with the GNOME Desktop and you can perform an xRDP connection to the system.

To fix this issue, you can use one of the following options below

BEST OPTION - Install xorgxrdp-hwe-18.04 package

A new compatible xorgxrdp package has been made available for Ubuntu 18.04.2 and 18.04.3.  Install it by issuing the following command

sudo apt-get install xorgxrdp-hwe-18.04

OPTION A - Downgrading packages xorg-xserver-core

We assume that you have already installed xRDP package and you want to fix it

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-core
sudo apt-get -y install xserver-xorg-input-all

More info on this blog post

OPTION B - Use compiled packages from Thiago

Note : To use this option, please remove the xrdp package you have installed

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:martinx/xrdp-hwe-18.04
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install xrdp xorgxrdp

more info at this blog post

OPTION C - Use the installation scripts

Note : To use this option, please remove the xrdp package you have installed

You can automate the xrdp installation and have it working nicely with Ubuntu Default Desktop using one of the following scripts

To use Ubuntu repository packages, read instructions and download the script at this blog page
To compile from source (easy way), read instructions and download the script at this blog page


Automatically sync Nautilus file bookmarks between laptop and desktop

Bookmarks are stored in .config/gtk-3.0/bookmarks. So one solution could be to place that file on your Dropbox, and then place a symbolic link in .config/gtk-3.0/bookmarks in each of your machines pointing to your file stored in Dropbox.

mv  ~/.config/gtk-3.0/bookmarks ~/.config/gtk-3.0/bookmarks_BKP
ln -s ~/Dropbox/bookmarks ~/.config/gtk-3.0/bookmarks


Running Composer without using sudo (tried changed owner and permissions)

If "everyone" is allowed to read and execute composer, you don't need to use sudo:

sudo chmod 755 /var/local/bin/composer

Since you already executed composer at least once as root, composers (per-user-)cache directory is now owned by root and therefore isn't writable by your normal user.

sudo chown -R lamp:lamp /home/lamp/.composer

will fix the file-owner.


Happlink Plug-up FIDO U2F Security Key. Why it doesnt work immediately in Ubuntu

After doing the changes, just triggering udevadm wasn't enough.

I also needed to do

sudo service udev restart

For reference, this is my working configuration:

SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="2581", ATTRS{idProduct}=="f1d0", MODE="0660", GROUP="PUT YOUR USERGROUP HERE"

KERNEL=="hidraw*", SUBSYSTEM=="hidraw", MODE="0664", GROUP="plugdev", ATTRS{idVendor}=="2581"


ubuntu 64 bit installation on VMWare Workstation

I don't have an explanation nor the right answer but if it was my system, I would select the en_US locale during installation and then localize later.


dual boot: Ubuntu 12.04 with Windows 7 on a 240GB SSD

Ok, I'll take a shot at this...  Keep-in mind that there really is no one, true way to accomplish each of the steps you have indicated.  Especially with partitioning strategy, there are multiple schools of thought on how to do that efficiently.  What I have here is based-on my experiences (and failures).

For some specific points on Ubuntu filesystems on an SSD, you should see this question: Installing Ubuntu on a SSD

This is the order that I would go with:

Install Windows (leave space for Ubuntu as "unallocated")
Adjust Windows partitions as-needed (OS, Data, etc...)
Install Ubuntu

For a partitioning strategy on a 240GB drive, it really depends on what you want to do with your system.  I've installed Ubuntu on as little as 20GB before, but I usually prefer to have 80GB if I can help it.  But I mainly use Ubuntu for internet, school and coding.  I don't really do a whole lot with video, photos or games in Linux.  If you do, you'll want to take that into consideration.  Without really knowing how you intend to use it, I would set-aside 50-80GB for Ubuntu.

The Ubuntu installer will recommend a partitioning strategy for you.  One mistake that (I feel) many new Linux users make, is that they put their "home" mount point on the same partition as root.  I feel it's a good idea to have your "home" directory on its own partition.  This way, your data is isolated if you should happen to (mess up and have to) reinstall Ubuntu at some point.  Again, the size of your "home" partition will vary on what you want to do with Ubuntu.

Another key Linux partition is your "Swap Space" partition.  There's an old rule of thumb that says you make this equal to twice the size of your RAM.  Here is an article explaining why that's not necessarily the case (any longer).  Opinions may vary, but for a typical desktop install, you shouldn't need to go much beyond 2GB.  You might need more if you're doing Linux kernel development or planning on using "suspend to disk."  But if you are not a very experienced Ubuntu/Linux user, just accept the value suggested by the Ubuntu installer, and you should be ok.

A Windows 7 install will take 20-30GB for the OS right away.  As updates come in, that will grow, too (mine does, at least).  So I would plan on a 50-60GB OS partition for windows.  Again, opinions differ here, but I would use the remaining disk space (~100GB or whatever you end-up with) as a data partition for Windows 7.  For me, this is where I install all of my games (Left4Dead2, KOTOR1 & 2, BF2142, etc...).  Again, having a separate data partition offers a level of protection against any issues that might befall your OS.

Also during the Windows install, make sure you leave the remaining 90GB (or whatever) of your disk as "unallocated" for Ubuntu.

As long as I'm talking about Windows 7, make sure that you do that installation first.  Windows isn't designed to "play well with others" by default.  If you install it after Ubuntu, you'll have to (do some Googling and) take some extra steps to make Ubuntu bootable again.  I always find that it's much easier to install Windows first, and then Ubuntu and GRUB (boot loader) second.  Typically, GRUB finds Windows and puts it into the boot menu for you.

The Ubuntu installer is fairly easy to use.  The only issues I've typically had at this point (with many Linux flavors), is that the installer fails to find certain kinds of hard drives.  In that case, you might need to provide an additional boot parameter of "pci=nomsi", etc.  Once it finds your hard drive, be sure to tell it to use the unallocated space after your Windows partition.  This is the point where it should suggest a partitioning strategy.

Once you get all of that selected and provide information for locale, you should be all set to go.  That should be enough to get you started.  Be sure to let us know how it goes.


Is there a way to convert cached webex files to some other format?

Cisco provide a number of tools for converting WebEx formats.

http://www.webex.co.uk/support/downloads.html

I don't know if the files that are cached are sufficient ; these tools are intended for a full recording, I think. But this may be the closest thing available.


How to redirect command output from remote machine to local file via ssh?

Depend on your command you can do something like this:

ssh user@machine command > log

the log will be saved in your machine, a real example:

ssh root@192.168.x.x ls > log

If your command does not supports outputs to stdout then run it like this:

ssh root@192.168.x.x "command -o output; cat output"  > log


After we have discussed in the chat, here is the solution:

Install the tool aptitude

sudo apt-get install aptitude

Start the installation again with

sudo aptitude install desmume

It offered a number of possible solutions, choose a suitable proposal.
Accept a solution with Y or see another one with N


You can indeed remove the unwanted lenses (like you already mentioned) using dconf. You can do that by using either the dconf editor (from the repositories) or by running

gsettings get com.canonical.Unity.Dash scopes

Then remove the ones you don't want from the list that appears, and set the changed list like:

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Dash scopes "['home.scope', 'applications.scope', 'files.scope', 'video.scope', 'music.scope']"

In case you might have unwanted side efects, or you want to return to original settings, simply add the removed items similarly, or run in a terminal:

gsettings reset com.canonical.Unity.Dash scopes

The GUI way would be to open dconf editor and go to com > canonical > unity > dash and press the back to default button (right/bottom):


New mail notifications (by Evolution) suddenly stopped working

I'm not sure what finally did it – but currently, notifications are working again (and I hope they keep working):

as root, I've executed ln -s /usr/lib/evolution/3.2/plugins/* /usr/lib/evolution/3.4/plugins/1: If that has been the culprit, how did it work before? Neither Evolution nor the Evolution-Indicator have been updated in the past 12 months.
checked and "toggled" notification settings (each one twice, so I've ended up not changing them but triggering Evo to write them again), see note 1 in the question. Did that before, and it didn't help.
after the above, restarted Evolution. I did that before more than once without any effect on the issue.

Maybe it was the combination of tasks performed – or the two symlinked files in the plugin directory triggered some "re-configuration of plugins" in Evolution, solving the issue as a side-effect (which is what I assume).

1: evolution-indicator plugins were located in the 3.2 directory only – and were the only (two) files residing there


You may need to add the correct codecs for DVD Playback, They do not come with the Live Ubuntu CD

First Install the Medibuntu Repositories
Medibuntu repository provides all the playback and encoding capabilities that most Windows and Mac systems contain, but which Ubuntu’s creators decline to include by default in their systems, due to licensing restrictions and a lack of open-source code for those features. If you just want to get AAC playback, copyright DVDs playing, and newer versions of all the audio, video, and font files, load Medibuntu into your system.

Open your Terminal (Ctrl-Alt-T), copy and paste these 3 lines (one at a time):

sudo wget --output-document=/etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu.list http://www.medibuntu.org/sources.list.d/$(lsb_release -cs).list && sudo apt-get --quiet update && sudo apt-get --yes --quiet --allow-unauthenticated install medibuntu-keyring && sudo apt-get --quiet update
sudo apt-get -y update && sudo apt-get -y upgrade
sudo apt-get install app-install-data-medibuntu apport-hooks-medibuntu

Then

If you are running a 32-bit version of Ubuntu, copy and paste in Terminal:

sudo apt-get install w32codecs libdvdcss2
sudo apt-get install libdvdnav4
sudo apt-get install libdvdread4
sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/./install-css.sh

If you are running a 64-bit version of Ubuntu, copy and paste in Terminal:

sudo apt-get install w64codecs libdvdcss2
sudo apt-get install libdvdnav4
sudo apt-get install libdvdread4
sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/./install-css.sh

Once Completed you will be able to play DVDs.


Copy sub-directory from 1 directory to another

cp -a /path/from/* /path/to
will copy the contents of /path/from, not the directory
if you have other files/dirs in /path/from, and only want to
copy the one, you'll have to come up with a pattern to match
it.


Ubuntu Cuckoo Sandbox installation -cryptography version mismatch

try this:

sudo pip install -U pyopenssl


triple boot and all of my system cannot connet to the network after ubuntu16.04 suspend

I've solved this problem. I disabled and  enabled the network card in bios then reboot and everything's fine now!
Thanks for comments above. I hope this can help other people who is in same trouble.


How to create a very limited user on Ubuntu 14.04

Do this:

sudo apt-get install gnome-system-tools

Then you have an interface to add users :

Whit many options :


The options should show up as soon as you plug in your iPod. If this screen doesn't show up, try removing and plugging back in the iDevice.

If you have difficulty reading that, the right-mouse-click menu to the left shows "Import to Library" which will pull all of the music on to your hard drive, and the options on the right show your currently selected options for syncing music / audiobooks / videos / podcasts.


I usually use Etcher (https://etcher.io/) since it seems to perform slightly faster than the built-in Startup Disk Creator, however I've never had any issues with the Startup Disk Creator and have used that reliably as well.

In my opinion if you're just making a new bootable USB once or twice a year to keep an Ubuntu install USB up-to-date with major releases, why not just use the convenient tool provided natively? If you're in some sort of situation where you need to make tons of bootable USB sticks for some reason you might benefit from the slightly higher performance of Etcher. Although if you really need to make lots of bootable USBs for some reason, you should probably look into specialized software/hardware, which I can't comment on as I have no experience with it.


Ubuntu 19.10 download. Is there a problem?

The computer saves files by default in the Downloads folder.  That is not the problem because I have downloaded and saved much bigger files.  I tried a different mirror, with the same result, but then I installed qBittorrent and used it and that downloaded the whole thing, solving the problem.


You probably have an entry in file /etc/fstab that tells ubuntu to mount a device - most likely a USB stick. The stick is not there and ubuntu is trying to tell you that it can't do what fstab told it to do.

Edit that file and comment out that entry (put # to the left of the line). Then reboot and see if the problem has been fixed.

I also find it a bit odd to see Xmnt/. Normally it is /mnt/.