This worked for me as well!  Figured I might as well post it as an answer -
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Default_Applications#Custom_file_associations :

  Custom file associations

  The following method creates a custom mime type and file association
  manually. This is useful if your desktop does not have a mime
  type/file association editor installed. In this example, a fictional
  multimedia application 'foobar' will be associated with all *.foo
  files. This will only affect the current user.

  First, create the file
  ~/.local/share/mime/packages/application-x-foobar.xml:

mkdir -p ~/.local/share/mime/packages
cd ~/.local/share/mime/packages
touch application-x-foobar.xml

  Then edit ~/.local/share/mime/packages/application-x-foobar.xml and
  add this text:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<mime-info xmlns="http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/shared-mime-info">
    <mime-type type="application/x-foobar">
        <comment>foo file</comment>
        <icon name="application-x-foobar"/>
        <glob-deleteall/>
        <glob pattern="*.foo"/>
    </mime-type>
</mime-info>

  Note that you can use any icon, including one for another application.

  Next, edit or create the file
  ~/.local/share/applications/foobar.desktop to contain something
  like:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Foobar
Exec=/usr/bin/foobar
MimeType=application/x-foobar
Icon=foobar
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=AudioVideo;Player;Video;
Comment=

  Note that Categories should be set appropriately for the application
  type (in this example, a multimedia app).

  Now update the applications and mime database with:

update-desktop-database ~/.local/share/applications
update-mime-database    ~/.local/share/mime

  Programs that use mime types, such as file managers, should now open
  *.foo files with foobar. (You may need to restart your file manager to see the change.)


Font is rendered differently in browsers on Ubuntu and Win 7. Ubuntu displays the fonts larger

Use an approach that doesn't rely on how the browser renders the fonts. Perhaps <div> elements with fixed width property.


Problem installing build-essential. Broken packages error

I would start by verifying if you distro's main sources are enabled, If it's 15.10 your code name should be wily.

Open your sources file:

$sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
Look for the following lines and uncomment them, save the file:

###### Ubuntu Main Repos
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ wily main
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ wily main

###### Ubuntu Update Repos
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ wily-security main
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ wily-updates main
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ wily-security main
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ wily-updates main
Update sources & retry installation:

$sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential


Hi. I'm a newbie who wants to try Ubuntu

Here are the minimum requirements for installing ubuntu.

Ubuntu Desktop Edition

700 MHz processor (about Intel Celeron or better)
512 MiB RAM (system memory)
5 GB of hard-drive space (or USB stick, memory card or external drive but see LiveCD for an alternative approach)
VGA capable of 1024x768 screen resolution
Either a CD/DVD drive or a USB port for the installer media
Internet access is helpful
Installation size? My computer has 89 GB free. The default choice is 18.

If you not not starving for HD space i'll recommend to use 30GB at least. the entire 18GB will not be used only for hard drive space, there are other partitions like swap to be created.
Desktop environment? I don't know which one to choose. The default choice is Ubuntu, but what's different about the other ones?

ubuntu has different FLAVORS http://www.ubuntu.com/project/about-ubuntu/derivatives if you are just beginning i'll recommend default Ubuntu.
within ubuntu itself you can decide to use different desktop environment or interfaces, the two most popular ones right now are Gnome Shell and Unity (subjective opinion) you can read more about them here http://lifehacker.com/5853099/linux-desktop-faceoff-gnome-3-vs-ubuntu-unity.  I'll also recommend the default Unity one, just because anything default will give you more documentation.

Ubuntu is getting ready to launch 12.10, the current stable version is 12.04. Here are few things you might expect in the new release.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M3IpXE2bYv0


ssh key forwarding not working under i3wm

Certain DE environments starts their own applications that can behave as a ssh-agent and that can be forwarded. But it is not probably the case for the i3. If you want to use "ssh-agent forwarding" (it is not "authentication forwarding" as you note), you need to have ssh-agent running and your keys loaded inside. You can verify that simply using command below. It should list your authentication keys

ssh-add -l

If it returns error, you need to start the agent first:

eval `ssh-agent`

If it does not list them, you need to add the keys to the agent:

ssh-add path/to/key

If you want to automate it, add these commands to your .bashrc (do not start new agent with every bash! Only if there is no ssh-agent connection yet). There is a lot of snippet you can use all over the internet.


If I understand it correctly, you have Ubuntu GNOME in a separate partition. In that case, I think this is what you need to do:

Open Disks (terminal command: gnome-disks) and delete the partition.
Run sudo update-grub

But please be careful. There are always inherent risks when playing with partitions. Please backup any valuable content.


Can't n run a bootable cd of ubuntu desktop on a laptop with no OS

It looks like the CD you burned contains DOS rather than Ubuntu (or perhaps contains both). One possible cause of this is if you told your CD burning software to do something special to make the CD bootable. Ubuntu .iso images are already bootable, so you don't need to do anything like that.

I recommend making a new CD using one of the officially recommended techniques described here. The problem here appears to be in the way you have used your CD burning software (or a bug in the software), and it would be difficult for us to give you advice about how specifically to correct that unless someone here happens to be experienced with the utility you used.

Alternatively, you might consider booting Ubuntu from a USB flash drive rather than a CD.

If you continue to have trouble, you should make sure to MD5 test the Ubuntu .iso image you downloaded.

This answer assumes you are booting from the CD correctly. The term "try to run this CD" is a bit confusing, though, so if my answer doesn't help, can you clarify what exactly you are doing with the CD after you burn it?


Are there any alternate means of doing password recovery?

If you installed the system yourself, your user will be member of sudo and admin. In this case your password, not the root password will ba asked.

Try (in a terminal):

sudo su -

and give your own password.

If none of that works, boot into Ubuntu using a rescue CD (or USB key)

On the boot prompt choose "Advanced options" and/or "Rescue a broken system"
Answer the prompts about language and keyboard settings, hostname and network (if needed)
Wait for the system to give you the rescue options
Choose the root device of your system to rescue, or assemble the RAID and then choose
Assuming the device was /dev/sda1 choose the menu item "Execute a shell in /dev/sda1"

From there execute:

passwd <you-username>
passwd root

to reset passwords. Since the rescue shell runs as superuser, this won't ask the old password and simply set a new one. You should be done. This whole principle also works in general for many unixoid systems, not just Ubuntu or Linux in general.

Side-note concerning sudo. In /etc/sudoers you have the following line:

%sudo ALL=(ALL) ALL

by default. If you change that into:

%sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL

all members of the group sudo will be able to execute anything as anybody else without being asked a password. This may or may not be desirable depending on the system. Also sudoers allows for much more fine-grained control over what users or groups can execute and as who. It's my favorite method of allowing limited privileged operations to unprivileged users instead of setuid :)


How to change / reconfig F2 key bringing up Gnome Menu

I think you have installed gnome-shell-extenion Gno-Menu.

This menu has the F2 shortcut for "Disable Menu button shortcut key".

To access the settings options for this extension, open gnome-tweaks. If it is not installed, install it by sudo apt install gnome-tweaks. Go to the Extensions tab. Click on the Settings icon on Gno-menu.

You can tick/check this option to disable the F2 shortcut for this function...

Note: While choosing this option to tick/ check... my system hanged, unresponsive. After several reboots, only this option is enabled...


If you pick up some cloning software about $20, you can move everything over to your SSD.  All you need to do is have your keys for any licensed software.


It sounds like an Acer.

Use

acpi_osi=Linux

instead of

acpi=off

in the command line and press the brightness up key until the screen shows up.

Also, some people with intel graphics have reported success using the following command-line option at startup as well:

i915.invert_brightness=1

Alternatively, you could press CTRL + ALT + F2 when you get the black screen and then, blindly type the following command and press enter:

setpci -s 00:02.0 F4.B=00

After installation when you get the grub menu, press E to edit and add the option

acpi_osi=Linux

or

i915.invert_brightness=1

Click here for more info on how to make those changes persistent.

Please let me know if you're not using an Acer and if this doesn't apply to you and I'll delete the post. It would help to know the make and model of the laptop to accurately troubleshoot the issue.


Unity or Gnome 3. What's more stable to be used?

Up Until the next release of Ubuntu 11.10 Gnome 3 is not stable enough, and it breaks Unity in 11.04.

Unity is stable enough though to be used everyday.I don't know what problems you have with Skype, Vuze(?) and KGET as you didn't mentioned them.

What is best to do depends on what you want, if you want Unity use Unity, if you want to try Gnome Shell with the risk of breaking your system , then go ahead.

By the way, why don't you try to personalize Gnome 2 with some themes too.


How would Windows XP system restore work on a dual boot PC?

System Restore in Windows functions only within the Windows operating system. Its functionality does not extend to other operating systems that are booted alongside Windows, so you can't use System Restore to remove Ubuntu from a dual boot.
grub2 is the default bootloader in a Windows/Ubuntu dual boot system. Since grub is part of Ubuntu, System Restore cannot repair grub. Other than that exception System Restore works exactly the same way in Windows on a dual booted Windows operating system as it does on a single booted Windows operating system. In Windows XP you can use System Restore to restore back to an earlier "snapshot" of some system files by reverting back to the files and settings that were saved in the earlier restore point.


sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

The failure to get archive lock means your auto update was probably running at the same time you entered the apt-get command or some similar situation. Wait a few minutes for it to complete and then try it again


16.04 - How do I install Canon Pixma MG3620 driver?

Download the two Debian packages listed, one at a time, to the location (folder) you want. One is the scanner driver (ScanGear MP), the other is the printer driver (IJ Printer Driver).

Extract the packages (right-click > extract here).

Now open the extracted folder and inside it open the packages folder. There you will find two similar .deb files, one for 32-bit (i386) and other for 64-bit (amd64).

Right-click the one for your architecture. It will open the Ubuntu Software, click install.

Alternatively open the terminal, cd to the extracted folder and run the script install.sh. following example assumes you downloaded (and extracted) to the default Downloads folder:

cd /Downloads/scangearmp2-3.20-1-deb
sudo ./install.sh


You've got a Windows mentality about installing files which you have to lose in order to succeed in installing files in Ubuntu. In general the extension suffix on the downloaded file will tell you how to install it.

First of all you should search for the application you want in the Ubuntu Software Center. For example Java (OpenJDK Java 7 Runtime) can be installed from the Ubuntu Software Center.

If that doesn't work, files that end with the extension .deb are easy to install. Just double click on the .deb file and it will open for installation in the Ubuntu Software Center.

To install the RuneScape client in Ubuntu open the terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run the following commands:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:hikariknight/unix-runescape-client
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install unix-runescape-client

These commands will work on all currently supported versions of Ubuntu. The ppa:hikariknight/unix-runescape-client is an Ubuntu Launchpad PPA (Personal Package Archive) for the RuneScape Unix Game Client. Packages installed from PPAs are not officially supported by Ubuntu, but adding the PPA to your software sources makes it possible to install packages from that PPA, either in the Ubuntu Software Center or from the terminal. The unix-runescape-client package is preconfigured to use the Java package from the Ubuntu Software Center by default.

You can also install generic Linux binary files in Ubuntu. These files are usually downloaded as an archive in various archive formats, the most common of which is the .tar.gz format. There will often be a file in the archive called INSTALL (or sometimes README) which contains the instructions for how to install the package from that archive. These instructions are sometimes explicit and easy to follow, but sometimes the installation instructions are incomplete or make unrealistic assumptions about the knowledge of the person who is installing the package, so it is easier to install the same package from a .deb file if there is one available.


How can I make multi-screen settings persist after reboot?

I think this is where you can check which graphics driver is in use: Activities -> Software & Updates -> Additional Drivers.


How to burn Ubuntu Desktop v12.04.3-i386.iso file to a CD or a DVD disc?

use Brasero  , click burn image , dvd should be ok .  or you could use USB stick to install OS.


Plank not starting: cannot find libwnck-3.so.0

You have to reinstall the packages:
sudo apt-get install --reinstall plank libwnck-3-0=3.36.0-1


What are the common pitfalls that would stop Authorised Key SSH access, and how do I find and correct for them?

Analysing the problem
There are two places an ssh connection can go wrong, on the server or at the client.  We want to rule them out one at a time.
On the Server
To increase the logging on the server set the following line in your /etc/ssh/sshd_config file;

LogLevel DEBUG

There's also a DEBUG2 and DEBUG3 to get even more information sent to the logs.
To monitor the logs, use the command tail -f /var/log/auth.log
On the Client
You can add verbosity to your client connection with a -v option.

ssh -v me@myserver.com

There is also a -vv and -vvv to increase the verbosity of the output
Spotting the Error
Set your log monitoring going on the server with the above command and then try connecting to it from the client using a verbosity level also above.  Now, carefully check the outputs from each and look for could not's, Permission denied's, no such identity:'s or Incorrect RSA1 identifier's etc. These are most likely the problem if your in a similar position to me.
Common Pitfalls
Permissions - Client Side
The certificates and known_hosts (usually found within ~.ssh) all need to be readable by the user. In the simplest instant, id_rsa, id_rsa.pub and knwon_hosts should be owned by and in your user group and should be readable by the user, below is the 'default' setup.

-rw------- username username id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- username username id_rsa.pub
-rw-r--r-- username username known_hosts

Permissions - Server Side
Again, the certificates and this time the authorized_keys files must be readable by the user being logged in.  Defaults as shown below:

-rw------- username username authorized_keys
-rw-r--r-- username username id_rsa

Encrypted Drives/Directories
SSH on the server needs to be able to see/read the authorized_keys file and associated server certificates; therefore if they are on an encrypted device then a session must be live for the device to be readable by the daemon.  This is often seen when you can login via password and whilst that session is live, you can then login via authorised keys and no password.


In your Ubuntu 12.04 installation, add a software repository from (12.10 or 13.04) that contains already the debian package for gtk 3.6.4

Then force that highest version for your gtk-package. And lock it, so it will not be updated.


Well, on Ubuntu, when dragged to the right/left of the screen fully, it will expand to one half, not sure if it's the same on KDE though.


juju environment not found, can't bootstrap

It's probabaly finding it in the s3 control bucket. Try this:

juju destroy-environment amazon --force


“Package dependencies cannot be resolved” - R project

You could try to install it with help of aptitude, gdebi, or synaptic which handles these types of problems automatically.

sudo aptitude install <package_name> in the terminal
or just type aptitude in the terminal.


Ubuntu 12.04 upgrade - keyboard problems

OK, so this is not a real answer, because many things could have gone wrong, but maybe it will help you, and it is too long for a comment. First thing; since your mouse works, you should go to the system settings / keyboard and try to select again your default keyboard. Also, you should attempt to check the keyboard there.

What happened to me a few times was that during upgrade, several of the config files in ~/ did not work or did not work properly. Sometimes it was just too much of a bother to really track down the problem. If that was the case, I did the following (assume that the username is 'foo'):

Log in to a text terminal (ctrl-alt-f1)
Become root with sudo -i
Move the old home to a temp directory

mv /home/foo /home/foo-backup

Create a new home

mkdir /home/foo
find /etc/skel/ -exec cp {} . \;
chown -R foo:foo /home/foo

Log in again through the GUI. You now have an empty, vanilla user account. Copy all the files (including configuration files) back to your home directory.


How to make my node restart every X seconds

You could do it with cron job manual or try a systemd timer service. The latter I've used several times. You'll need to create a service and a corresponding timer for it: A timer Example
Your script is a service then. So you'd start it with systemctl


Juniper VPN doesn't work after Ubuntu 16.04 update

Solved the problem by installing a solution that runs juniper on Ubuntu  without browser. The installation steps can be found here and here.
Basically one need a .juniper_networks to be in home directory, a msjnc perl script and to set up connection settings (login/password).


Convert "H264 MP4 AVC (part 10) (avc1)"/"MPEG AAC 48kHz" 1080p 23.976000fps videos to 720p, as complete quality as possible

1. Get ffmpeg

It is always a good idea to use a recent build when encoding with ffmpeg. Development is very active and using a recent build will allow you to avoid fixed bugs while giving you access to the latest features.

There are two main methods to get ffmpeg and neither will interfere with packages from the repository including the so-called "ffmpeg" package:

Using a static build

This is simply a binary that someone else compiled. All you do is download, extract, and run it (note the ./ before ffmpeg):

wget http://ffmpeg.gusari.org/static/32bit/ffmpeg.static.32bit.$(date +"%F").tar.gz
tar xzvf ffmpeg.static.32bit.$(date +"%F").tar.gz
./ffmpeg -i input.mp4 <your options> output.mkv

Compiling ffmpeg

When compiling you control exactly how ffmpeg is configured and also allows you to use certain encoders, such as libfdk_aac, that are not available in the static builds.

Just follow a step-by-step guide: How to Compile FFmpeg on Ubuntu. If you can copy and paste you can compile ffmpeg.

2. Encode

ffmpeg -i in.avi -vf scale=-1:720 -c:v libx264 -crf 18 -preset fast -c:a copy out.mkv

In this example:

The scale filter to resize the video. With scale you can just declare one dimension, height in this case, and use -1 in the other. ffmpeg will then automatically calculate the correct value while maintaining the aspect ratio.
The encoder libx264 will produce H.264 video. Quality is controlled with -crf. The range is a log scale of 0 to 51. 0 is lossless (files will likely be huge), 18 is often considered to be "visually lossless", 23 is default, and 51 is worst quality. Generally you use the highest value that still gives you an acceptable quality.
Video encoding speed/compression efficiency for this encoder is controlled with the -preset. These are: ultrafast, superfast, veryfast, faster, fast, medium, slow, slower, veryslow. Default is "medium". Generally you use the slowest preset that you have patience for.
For a set of videos use the same -crf and -preset for all of them.
The audio will be stream copied from the input to the output. Think of it like a copy and paste.
The Matroska output container will be used. It supports more formats not it is not as widely supported by players and devices as MP4 for example.

Encoding all videos

You can use a bash "for loop" to encode all videos in a directory:

mkdir encoded
for f in *.avi; do ./ffmpeg -i "$f" -vf scale=-1:720 -c:v libx264 -crf 18 -preset fast -c:a copy encoded/"${f%.avi}.mkv"; done

Also see

FFmpeg and x264 Encoding Guide
FFmpeg and AAC Encoding Guide


No password required in Xubuntu after waking up

Have you tried xscreensaver?

Install it by following commands if not already installed:

sudo apt-get -f install xscreensaver

Open it from Application Menu -> Settings -> Screensaver or type xscreensaver in your terminal
Under Display Mode tab tick the Lock Screen After check-box after giving appropriate value.
That's it..

Alternate way to get the lock screen

xautolock and xlock would definitely help you if above doesn't work for you.

Install two packages by executing following commands:

sudo apt-get install xautolock xlockmore

Once installed press Alt+F2 to and type xautolock -time 1 and press Enter to run xlock daemon.
Wait and see.. :) Your screen will be locked in 1 minute. You can give any time you want. you're screen will be locked after every idle of 1 minute.
To stop the xlock daemon  i,e if you don't want to lock your screen any more type followng command in terminal:

xautolock -exit

Reply if it helps you too.. :) Please give me some time so that I could write the script to run the xlock daemon on every system start.


Because packages can contain files owned by different users and I believe the conversion process extracts the files and then builds a .deb from there.  Setting the permissions on the extracted files requires root access.

Note that you should be able to use fakeroot to work around this.


Remote access from an Ubuntu desktop on  internal LAN over internet to  Ubuntu machine on another LAN

Take a look at this page. I am sure you find a solution there.

Another way to address your problem is to install a VPN software like hamachi.

Hope that helps.


Wine games resolution not working properly

What you describe is normal. In Windows and WINE, if a game requests a resolution it gets it. Change the game's resolution to something higher.


14.10 only boots to UEFI Interactive shell

Edit startup.nsh. Add the line:

fs0:\path\to\grubx64.efi


Use the -d flag.

unzip -d output_dir/ zipfiles.zip

To automate it:

#!/bin/bash
for i in `cat outfile.txt`; do
    output_dir=$(dirname $i)
    unzip -d $output_dir $i
done

EDIT: As @dessert suggests, you may do this as a better alternative:

while IFS='' read -r i || [[ -n "$i" ]]; do unzip -d ${i%/*} $i; done <outfile.txt


make a fake service to work around the error:

sudo touch /etc/systemd/system/systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by...service
sudo systemctl enable systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by...service


Can Magic SysRq be used to switch workstations or kill specific processes?

No. The nearest thing you can do is use Alt + SysRQ + K which should kill all processes in current VT (in this case it should mean firefox, all graphical programs you were running, your WM and X itself). Then you should be able to switch to another console (using Ctrl + Alt + F[1-6] and run another instance of X from there (I don't use Ubuntu, but I'd bet there is a startx script for that).

SysRQ enables you to do only very "violent" and massive things: shutdown immediately (o), reboot immediately (b), kill everything except init (i), remount all filesystems as readonly (u) ... You probably see that a single letter is not enough to convey the "killall -9 firefox" command.


XPS 13 Kubuntu 16.10 audio jack white noise

As per this issue make sure to do a full halt (ie not just a sudo reboot).  That solved my main issue of noise.  Then it was a matter of getting pavucontrol and adjusting analog-output-headphones.conf


ubuntu boot option lost after restoring bios settings

I was able to get grub boot options back with the boot-repair tool mentioned here.


Actions (from .desktop) are missing for gnome-terminal

I finally figured it out with the help of @Terrance and @egmont.
It turns out to be that there are two Terminal .desktop entries:

gnome-terminal.desktop (old probably remaining from 16.04)
org.gnome.Terminal.desktop (new probably came with 18.04)

When I was searching for Terminal in "Activities" I was able to see two Terminal applications, one of which had the custom desktop action. Not the one on my dock. I found this question:
Ubuntu 18.04, standard Ubuntu Dock, multiple action syntax in .desktop file
An answer there mentions this double entry.
I renamed my file to the new name and it now has all the custom desktop entries. The syslog error is very misleading and I still don't get what it means. Maybe, the name doesn't correspond to any package? I don't know.


Print from Ubuntu (or Peppermint) to Windows printer

The CUPS administrative interface is available at http://localhost:631.

Click on Administration, then on Manage Printers. Select your printer, then from the Administration list, select Set Default Options. This will get you to a screen where you can select Double-Sided Printing.


Installing (or getting working) ironpython

Ubuntu Devs often delete packages, for a multitude of technical policy reasons.  Some are legitimate, some just overzealous.  I could give you examples, but that would just distract you from getting a solution.

The first thing I would do, If I don't need the most recent release, is try installing the last available version.  Which I expect would be here... http://packages.ubuntu.com/natty/all/ironpython/download

Download a copy from one of the mirrors, and then open your shell.
Do the install with this command,

sudo dpkg -i PACKAGE.deb

If you encounter dependency errors, which does happens with dpkg, try resolving them with...

sudo apt-get -f install

Sometimes due to unresolvable dependencies, apt uninstalls your manually installed deb. Which usually means, your unable to quickly install the outdated version.  There are still other workarounds, but without more information, they are outside the scope of my answer.

If you need a more recent release, You either need to find a PPA or compile.  I usually prefer a PPA, but I didn't see one when I Googled quickly.  Although you still might find one, doing a real search from launchpad.net


That's a bad idea. If you put the installed applications on the SSD you'll get a more stable operating system and better performance. You've got a 120GB SSD, so you should not hesitate to use it for your installed applications.

Your 750GB hard drive is certainly not there for nothing. Here is my suggestion for how to use the 750GB hard drive optimally. Install Ubuntu on your SSD, including your /home directory, everything goes on your SSD. Then use your 750GB hard drive as a data drive to store your personal files. No matter what happens to your operating system, your personal files will be protected and accessible on the 750GB hard drive. Even if your operating system becomes completely unusable or if you do a fresh install of Ubuntu, all of your personal files will still be there intact on the 750GB hard drive.

You don't need to worry about your 120GB SSD being too small. A 120GB SSD has more than enough space to install Ubuntu in this way. In fact even a 60GB partition has more than enough space for Ubuntu and a lot of installed applications.

On my Ubuntu there are a few files that I use regularly. In order to improve performance and open these files fast, I keep these files on my SSD too in my /home directory. I don't have many of these files, so my /home directory is quite small.


Ubuntu 18.04 Audio Jack Re-tasking Issue

Same here, using Ubuntu 18.04.

The solution is quite simple. Don't run hdajackretask with sudo. Just run it under your own account. It will ask you for your own password to make changes.


How do I remove the shutdown confirmation menu?

For 11.10
Run dconf-editor
(either Alt+F2 or from terminal, must be installed first)
/org/gnome/gnome-session/

uncheck "logout-prompt"
I still haven't found a way to return restart to the menu  and suppress that confirmation.
(thanks for the edit fossfreedom)


Why are text files created on ubuntu not recognised as windows notepad files?

You have to save it with an extension of ".txt" and select encoding (it appears when you save) as compatible with windows.


Sometimes you have to enter the ip address to connect to it on a web page, then it can detect which OS you have. And if you are lucky, on the web page it can suggest which driver you should install to use that functionality.

If that doesn't work then this might point you to a solution.
How to map network scanner


Execute "mount -t cifs -o username=xxx,password=aaa" everytime I reboot/log in?

You can auto mount a network share by creating an entry in the fstab.

1) Make sure you have cifs-utils:
sudo apt-get install cifs-utils

2) Edit /etc/fstab (with root privileges) sudo vi /etc/fstab

3) Add: //servername/sharename  /pathto/mountpoint  cifs  username=msusername,password=mspassword,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm  0  0

4) Save /etc/fstab

note: for extra security use: credentials=[credentialfile],user=[myusername] in your fstab entry and create a credential file ~/.smbcredentialsthat contains this text:

username=[myusername]

password=[mypassword]

Secure the file by using:

chmod 0600 ~/.smbcredentials

note Dont forget to restart samba or your machine to mount the share:
/etc/init.d/samba restart


How can I convert a ttyrecord file in a .gif file?

I couldn't get tty2gif to work with vim so I hacked together ttygif.

more detailed instructions can be found in the project readme.


New 20.04 install and now I cannot see my Seagate external NAS drive

Open Files -> click on other locations - if listed you will need to provide any credentials
consider configuring fstab with the network address for a permanently available share
EDIT from your additional information this may be a permissions problem for your mount point. Do you have any details for this
Can you confirm you have samba installed + nautilus-share


Cannot install Ubuntu due to a "problem mounting the file" error

I had no trouble mounting the ISO file on Windows 8 simply by double-clicking on the filename.  This automatically mounts the ISO file to a virtual DVD drive and assigns a drive letter.  Perhaps your ISO downloads are corrupted in some way.  I am assuming that mounting ISO files in this way is working for you on other ISO files.


Sure! We can make that an option :)

Just confirmed this bug:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntuone-android-music/+bug/721815

Please follow it for updates :)


Why am I still unable to run a script on NTFS partitions after remount with suitable perssimions?

As noted in the mount manpage, the user mount option implicitly turns on the noexec option as well

user   Allow an ordinary user to mount the filesystem.  The name of the
       mounting user is written to mtab so  that  he  can  unmount  the
       filesystem  again.   This  option  implies  the  options noexec,
       nosuid, and nodev (unless overridden by subsequent  options,  as
       in the option line user,exec,dev,suid).

where

noexec Do  not  allow  direct  execution of any binaries on the mounted
       filesystem.


startup applications not opening up in full screen

For complete fullscreen, you can add -fullscreen to the end of your startup command.

The other alternative is to just open Firefox, maximize the window, then close the window manually. From now on, it should re-open maximized.


How to set Apache virtual host correctly for Drupal 8

Might a bit old and you probably fixed this, but i'll post the answer so that it might help others.

 <VirtualHost *:80>
  DocumentRoot /var/www/html/my_project/docroot
  ServerName ${alias}
  ServerAlias ${alias}

  <Directory /var/www/html/my_project/docroot>
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
    AllowOverride All
    Require all granted
  </Directory>

  ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
  LogLevel warn
  CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

</VirtualHost>

${alias} = is the name you wrote in the hosts file, next to the IP address of localhost


The answer to your question is here How can I make fsck run non-interactively at boot time?

To force ubuntu to fix all disk errors at boot you need to add FSCKFIX=yes to the file /etc/default/rcS. This tells fsck to run with the -y flag.


Trying to change kde setting something changed the font/font rendering and I can't go back

In Application Appearance > Fonts, is Use anti-aliasing set to System Settings? If so, try changing it to enabled. You might also want to tweak the settings under Configure: RGB sub-pixel rendering with Slight hinting work well for me but YMMV.


Disable Unity Multitouch Gestures (Unity 7.3.3, Ubuntu 15.10)

Couldn't find any other options. Only way I could find was to recompile Unity. At least it is straight forward.

Credit goes to the guys here.

sudo apt-get build-dep unity
cd /tmp  #It can be done somewhere else, feel free to change the base location.
mkdir unity
cd unity
apt-get source unity

Now the file you're looking for is /tmp/unity/unity-7.3.2/plugins/unityshell/src/unityshell.cpp

Here's the lines that need to be commented out. I wound up recompiling 7.3.2, they start on line 4086.

void UnityScreen::InitGesturesSupport()
{
  std::unique_ptr<nux::GestureBroker> gesture_broker(new UnityGestureBroker);
  wt->GetWindowCompositor().SetGestureBroker(std::move(gesture_broker));
  /*
  gestures_sub_launcher_.reset(new nux::GesturesSubscription);
  gestures_sub_launcher_->SetGestureClasses(nux::DRAG_GESTURE);
  gestures_sub_launcher_->SetNumTouches(4);
  gestures_sub_launcher_->SetWindowId(GDK_ROOT_WINDOW());
  gestures_sub_launcher_->Activate();

  gestures_sub_dash_.reset(new nux::GesturesSubscription);
  gestures_sub_dash_->SetGestureClasses(nux::TAP_GESTURE);
  gestures_sub_dash_->SetNumTouches(4);
  gestures_sub_dash_->SetWindowId(GDK_ROOT_WINDOW());
  gestures_sub_dash_->Activate();

  gestures_sub_windows_.reset(new nux::GesturesSubscription);
  gestures_sub_windows_->SetGestureClasses(nux::TOUCH_GESTURE
                                     | nux::DRAG_GESTURE
                                     | nux::PINCH_GESTURE);
  gestures_sub_windows_->SetNumTouches(3);
  gestures_sub_windows_->SetWindowId(GDK_ROOT_WINDOW());
  gestures_sub_windows_->Activate();
  */
}

Rebuild Unity:

cd /tmp/unity/unity-7.3.2
dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc -nc
cd ..
sudo dpkg -i *deb

Reboot.

Finally file a feature request to have this as a configuration option somewhere.


How can I wipe all files and software not part of Ubuntu?

You can find the packages you installed with the terminal command:

comm -23 <(apt-mark showmanual | sort -u) <(gzip -dc /var/log/installer/initial-status.gz | sed -n 's/^Package: //p' | sort -u)

Removing those should bring you pretty much back to the install as far as packages are concerned.  Of course, this wont fix permissions or remove anything you installed outside the packages system.


From the picture of your post, I see that the printer program complaints about missing components, making the printer unusable. So I ask you to add/reinstall the printer once again, to make sure the step you went is correct.

You replied things doesn't change even after reinstalling the printer, furthermore you reported the error.

/usr/lib/cups/filter/epson-escpr-wrapper

This is the printer filter meant in the warning, and if it is missing, this calls for missing driver. I dig around and found this file provided by package printer-driver-escpr. Simply installing should fix the problem.

sudo apt install printer-driver-escpr


Problems copying music to Rhythmbox from ipod

I'm not an expert Rhythmbox user by any means, but when I set up all music on an external server, I selected "Import" in Rhythmbox and pointed to the server in the "Select a location containing music to add to your library" box.  That worked fine.

However, since you mention actually copying the music using Rhythmbox, your use case may be different, since I don't know how to do that.  I only pointed to previously stored music.


How should I read a file of type "text/calendar"?

You can install ThunderBird Lightning extension.

It installs a calendar tool inside ThunderBird, from which you can import **.ics* attachments as appointments.
You can find the "Import" tool under the Lightning menu inside ThunderBird.
By the way, browsing Mozilla forums, I would say Lighting (and Sunbird) have no option to directly import calendar files.


Ubuntu 15.10 installation error: The master control interrupt lied (SDE)!”

Just had the same and found a possible solution by luck.

If you switch to another console, eg CTRL+ALT+F3, you can log on.
Try to delete (or move) the xorg.conf file. You can find the file under /etc/X11

Mine started the graphical user interface almost immediately after I deleted that file.

Hope this helps.


You have to install oracle java 7, set it as default and restart Firefox:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-set-default

Source: http://www.webupd8.org/2012/01/install-oracle-java-jdk-7-in-ubuntu-via.html


.conf files are configuration files and they are usually not supposed to be run as binary files nor anyone says that you should do that in the link you provided.
Taking a look at the code of the program you are running, my best bet would be to run the program as usual but with the conf file as an argument.
For example:
python subreddit.py reddit-job-update_popular_subreddits.conf


After installing Ubuntu my headphones don't work. What's the problem?

I am guessing this is because on start up we detect the audio device as being your head phones otherwise we use the speakers.

You can change the default play back device similar to how windows does it.

Just go to settings and look for sound settings, or just click the volume tray icon and click settings that way.  After that select the correct device.


My TV cannot connect to Media Server Service on Windows7 (DNLA)

If I understood you correctly the TV is able to access the Internet but it can't reach the Windows media server?
When I set up a DNLA server in my network (used universal media server) I forgot to open the port on my firewall. My setup slightly differs to yours, however, since my TV is connected directly to the network. It might be worth checking though ;)

Cheers,


AWK PRINTF Not printing numbers correctly

This can happen if

your locale is one in which , is the decimal separator; and
awk is implementing the POSIX standard for numeric conversion

Ex. with GNU awk (aka gawk)
$ printf '1.23' | POSIXLY_CORRECT=1 LC_NUMERIC=es_CO.utf-8 gawk '{printf("%.3f\n", $1)}'
1,000

whereas both
$ printf '1.23' | LC_NUMERIC=es_CO.utf-8 gawk '{printf("%.3f\n", $1)}'
1.230
$ printf '1.23' | POSIXLY_CORRECT=1 gawk '{printf("%.3f\n", $1)}'
1.230

preserve the decimal.
See The GNU Awk Users' Guide: 6.1.4.2 Locales Can Influence Conversion


Installing Ubuntu alongside Windows 7 question

Yes It will show You every time when You running system a selection menu witch system You want to run Windows/Ubuntu


The way you're describing your issue makes me believe grub hasn't been installed properly. If your ubuntu install is completely new, then you could just reinstall it. But here when you choose how you want to install ubuntu, make sure to select "something else". This will prompt a menu where you can select specific drives and also a location for your boot loader to be installed. More information here.

Anyway if you don't wish to reinstall ubuntu, then you need to manually install it. There are various of guides on the internet that provides information on this, just a quick google search. Good luck.


Issue installing Ubuntu via USB - no the normal install instruction forums have not helped

What I understand, is that your computer is not starting from the USB device.
Did you set in your BIOS to boot from USB? Did you burn the image on the USB device the right was or did you just copy the iso like a file to the USB device?
What do you mean by: It boot into Grub? Grub is the bootloader. Which Grub? On your harddisc or from USB?


I had a very similar issue with ubuntu server 17.04 and an LSI 9240-8i. It turned out that I had installed ubuntu in UEFI mode, but my motherboard was trying to load the BIOS firmware from the controller. I received the exact same dmesg output described in the question.

I resolved the issue by changing my bios to prefer UEFI firmware from PCI-E devices.

After that, the ubuntu drivers loaded correctly and my disks were available from the os.

Changing my bios settings also disable the RAID GUI that could load during boot, but I didn't need that since I had already set my configuration.


ubuntu App Store: waiting 4+ months now for approval/review?

The App Review Board as of now is undergoing a transition and package reviews can go at a slow pace so kindly bear with us. In the meantime, since the package is maintained in the repositories of Debian and Ubuntu, file a package upgrade request.

In future, in case of any concerns regarding app development in ubuntu, please feel free to join #ubuntu-app-devel on irc.freenode.net so that we can help you out.


How can I share the Ubuntu screen to Mac?

For a quick and dirty way, you could install TeamViewer on both machines. For something more elegant, consider using a VNC client on the Mac and a VNC server on the Ubuntu machine. See the community documentation on VNC.


For development in python:

Update for 12.04:

Unity lens development with singlet has been integrated into quickly:

quickly create unity-lens <lens-name>

For 11.10:

You might want to look at a very nice wrapper class developed by Michael Hall called singlet: https://launchpad.net/singlet

A simple hello world lens would look like this:

#! /usr/bin/python
from singlet.lens import SingleScopeLens, IconViewCategory
from singlet.utils import run_lens

class HelloWorldLens(SingleScopeLens):
    class Meta:
        name = 'helloworld'

    cat1 = IconViewCategory("Cat One", "stock_yet")

    def search(self, phrase, results):
        results.append('http://google.com/search?q=%s' % phrase,
                             'file',
                             self.cat1,
                             "text/html",
                             phrase, phrase, '')
if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    run_lens(HelloLens, sys.argv)

Which is a lot simpler and faster to write than the original library versions.


What is the minimum disk space requirement for root and swap?

A very general principle that I use is an equal amount of swap as you have in RAM.  So, as I see you have 4GB of RAM, I would mark down 4GB of swap.  As to hard disk space, if you are not storing any personal files on it, you have plenty with 15GB.

That's coming from a hard user who does a fair amount of video production and photo editing: if you're a somewhat less aggressive user on your resources, you would be fine with half as much swap.

I see that you have a 500GB HD: I would recommend 8GB of swap (too much can't hurt) and the rest partitioned off as your root partition.  You'll have plenty of space for some personal files as well.


You can run a command directly at every reboot using cron jobs
First, create a small script and save it.

#!/bin/sh
sudo xrandr --output HDMI-1 --set "Broadcast RGB" "Full"

Open terminal and run

crontab -e

Then type

@reboot /path/to/script/<scriptname>.sh

Replace the path and the scriptname

Finally, enable cron service

systemctl enable crond.service


Motion eye webcam and micro doesn't work

we need more information about your hardware in order to understand exactly what it is and how it's failing to work, you can follow the instructions in the question here:

I have a hardware detection problem, what logs do I need to look into?

It's likely at this stage that the makers of your webcam have not provided any documentation or drivers to get your hardware working. Please consider asking the manufacturer for support in Ubuntu.


is there any process of increasing harddisk memony on dual boot?

You will need to use separate USB stick. The one you have installed Ubuntu from is fine.
First, boot to Windows, where in System Settings - Administration there was (in Win 7) a utility to change partition sizes. Shrink Windows partition to make some room. Do not touch the Linux partitions with it!
Second, boot with Ubuntu Live medium (Usb stick, or CD or whatever), run the Gparted software (it is preinstalled in Ubuntu Live) and use in to enlarge and move Linux partitions. Gparted is not very good at handling NTFS partitions, hence the Windows action first.


Go to:

  XFCE Menu  -->  Settings  -->  Keyboard  -->  Application Shortcuts,

and add the xfce4-screenshooter -f command to use the "PrintScreen" key in order to take fullscreen screenshots.

Check archlinux wiki / Screenshots for more details or look at Settings Manager.

Here's what it looks like:


headphone jack not working with Dell XPS 13 bought in 2014

First I reinstalled everything from scratch nicely by following Ubuntu sound troubleshooting step 1: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SoundTroubleshootingProcedure and ran:

sudo apt-get update;sudo apt-get dist-upgrade; sudo apt-get install pavucontrol linux-sound-base alsa-base alsa-utils lightdm ubuntu-desktop  linux-image-`uname -r` libasound2; sudo apt-get -y --reinstall install linux-sound-base alsa-base alsa-utils lightdm ubuntu-desktop  linux-image-`uname -r` libasound2; killall pulseaudio; rm -r ~/.pulse*; ubuntu-support-status; sudo usermod -aG `cat /etc/group | grep -e '^pulse:' -e '^audio:' -e '^pulse-access:' -e '^pulse-rt:' -e '^video:' | awk -F: '{print $1}' | tr '\n' ',' | sed 's:,$::g'` `whoami`

then I managed to turn the volume on in the headphones with solution from Headphones is not working in 15.04 Dell XPS 13 answer:

  after every boot and perhaps every suspend, I have to open the
  terminal and run alsamixer, which is a CLI app for volume adjustments.
  Use the arrow keys to select the "Headphone" column. Press "M" to
  unmute it, if it says "M" at the bottom. Press the up arrow to turn
  the volume all the way up in the headphone column. Then use the arrow
  keys to move to the "Speaker" column. You probably want to turn it all
  the way down unless you want sound to come out of the speakers and the
  headphone jack.

[UPDATE] I found a one command line to do that you can execute whenever I plug in my headphones:

amixer -c 1 set Headphone on;amixer -c 1 set Headphone 100%

so to get get to that, I had

to find the right card to use:

amixer controls

to use first card and see which controls are available on that card

amixer -c 1

to turn it on

amixer -c 1 set Headphone on

to set volume

amixer -c 1 set Headphone 100%


HP Pavilion 15 pre-installed Ubuntu 12.04 - unable to install Ubuntu 12.10

You could try running do-release-upgrade from the terminal, so you don't have to bother with live CDs or USBs at all.

Alternatively, you could just reinstall with the newest version of Ubuntu from the CD, by choosing "Erase Ubuntu 12.04 and reinstall." This particular option is a lot easier than using do-release-upgrade because you can skip over any updates in between, but definitely not quite as good as updating from the CD by choosing "Upgrade Ubuntu 12.04 to 12.10" from the installation menu.

Of course, be sure to back up all of your important files before updating your version of Ubuntu, in case something goes wrong, no matter which of the above options you choose.


After dualboot installation, screen stopped working

I am going to safely assume you are dual-booting Windows & Ubuntu, in this case using a DVD is recommended.

Install Windows and Activate it
When Installing Ubuntu, it will tell you about the detected Windows Partition

In That Select Install With Windows or something of that sort.....
Leave about 100 - 200 for Ubuntu

Install as Usual and Boot, if there is a problem then it may be hardware.

Thank You!


Speakers continue to play even after I plug in headphones on a Satellite L640

Open the dash and type "Sound Settings" then open it. Go to the "Output" tab and switch the connector drop-down-box to "Analogue Headphones" and then try them again.

Also 11.04 is not the latest release of Ubuntu, you might want to consider installing 11.10.


What is the best partitioning tool for Hitachi 160 GB HDD for a Ubuntu Installation

The partitioning tools for Ubuntu are not hardware dependen, they word the same on any drive. gparted will do the job.

Please keep in mind, that you can not make changes to partitions that are in use (mounted). If you want to manage the partition you are running Ubuntu from, you have to boot from a Ubuntu live CD / DVD / USB drive. They usually include gparted in the live desktop environment.


Is running temperature considered when a machine is added to the 'Ubuntu certified' list?

It's very difficult to make a direct comparison between one OS and another temperature wise as the programs that collect the data from the temperature sensors in your machine do that in different ways.

For instance two different programs in windows can give different results about the same computer at the same time.

I'm sure that the Canonical testing team would fail a system if it was damaged by running Ubuntu. However they don't know what will happen many month years in to the future.

Even Hardware manufacturers don't know what will happen even when they know what OS will be running on the hardware for example


USB ports stopped working on Ubuntu 20.04.1

The answer seems to be:

Bug in kernel 5.4.0-44 and 0-45 so far. External keyboard or dropping down to kernel 5.4.0-42 works in recovery mode. – crip659 Sep 13 at 21:05

per: Ubuntu 20.04 - keyboard not working
In my fix attempts I'd inadvertantly deleted old kernels but can reinstall by:
sudo apt install linux-image-5.4.0-42-generic linux-headers-5.4.0-42-generic


Unless you intend to use both graphics chipsets simultaneously, try disabling the Intel graphics in your BIOS.  Ubuntu should then only detect and configure your nvidia card.


While it's clear that you have misspelled the package name simply correcting that doesn't guarantee success as you will get the same result if you don't have the correct repository enabled for that package. You'll note if you check the link above that Ubuntu Package Search indicates specific repositories in [bold] when and where required (as in this case)

Do the following:

1) Insure that the Universe Repository is enabled

2) Use the correct package name in your command. sudo apt-get install mailutils


How do I automatically enable desktop sharing on startup

No, the VNC server that comes with Ubuntu is not designed for that. There are many other solutions though. I would probably recommend X2Go or FreeNX, but there are also VNC servers that allows you to do this, such as X11VNC.


Kernel panics if console=tty0 is not in kernel command line

Here is my theory. The UART-based console is not a real TTY. The intention is for the kernel to switch to a regular serial device later, according to the docs for the console= option (emphasis added):

Start an early, polled-mode console on the 8250/16550 UART at the specified I/O port or MMIO address, switching to the matching ttyS device later.

However, this hasn't happened at the time that /init starts:
[    3.329451] Run /init as init process

The device name is assigned much later:
[    6.759113] 0000:00:1e.3: ttyS4 at MMIO 0xd091c000 (irq = 18, base_baud = 2764800) is a 16550A


Create veracrypt traveler disk in Ubuntu

Mentioned in this answer1 in point #1, it says that Linux and MacOSX distributions don't have this option, but the apps are already portable:

I've installed the portable versions to the USB and they work fine for all 3 OSes. I obtained the Windows version using the "traveler disk" option. For linux and MAC this option is not available, but the apps are already portable. I just had to copy the executables from /usr/bin in Linux and Applications in OSX. I've tested them on clean system where TrueCrypt wasn't installed.

There's also a statement from a developer of VeraCrypt here, explaining the issue in reference to MacOSX, but the same concept should apply here.

The "Traveler Disk Setup" option is available only on Windows. For MacOSX, OSXFuse must be installed on the target machine and we can't load it dynamically as we do on Windows with VeraCrypt driver. That's why on MacOSX, there can't be any real travel mode and the best that can be done is copy VeraCrypt application to the USB disk.

With these two pieces of information, I can assume that this feature is not natively included in the VeraCrypt application for Linux, but there are ways to achieve the same result. Both posts basically say to just copy over the binaries/executables to the USB as they are already portable.

Notes
1I do recognize that this answer is in reference to TrueCrypt and not VeraCrypt, but the traveler/portable option is nearly identical and the same solution applies here.


It does contain the Linux directory. In there are two binaries and a data directory.

Unpack the tarball:

tar xvf CatlateralDamage_v4.0a_Linux.tar.gz

Change to the new directory and the binaries executable:

cd Linux
chmod u+x "Catlateral Damage - v4.0a.x86"

or the other one if your system is 64bit.


Unable to locate package when running apt-get

You have a comma after all the package names. Remove the commas.

sudo apt-get --no-install-recommends install libreadline6-dev zlib1g-dev libssl-dev libyaml-dev libsqlite3-dev sqlite3 libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev autoconf libgdbm-dev libncurses5-dev automake libtool bison libffi-dev


you should try

gammu-detect

Wammu is command line variant of Gammu,you'd know that.

This will give you a config file gammu you can find the device name in it.

Note the first two devices!

Ex)

dave@hnphp006:~$ gammu-detect
; Configuration file generated by gammu-detect.
; Please check The Gammu Manual for more information.

[gammu]
device = /dev/ttyACM0
name = Sony_Ericsson Sony_Ericsson_K790
connection = at

[gammu1]
device = /dev/ttyACM1
name = Sony_Ericsson Sony_Ericsson_K790
connection = at

[gammu2]
device = /dev/ttyS0
name = Phone on serial port 0
connection = at

[gammu3]
device = /dev/ttyS1
name = Phone on serial port 1
connection = at

... etc..


Pixel C on Ubuntu 14.04: no PTP, adb needs to be root

libmtp has not been updated to take into account Pixel C device. Editing /lib/udev/rules.d/69-libmtp.rules and adding the following line fix the problem!

ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="5203", SYMLINK+="libmtp-%k", MODE="660", GROUP="audio", ENV{ID_MTP_DEVICE}="1", ENV{ID_MEDIA_PLAYER}="1"


After digging more on google, i change the command from:

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start

to

sudo service mysql start

and now it works.


How can you get full resolution in Parallels without Parallels tools? Debian doesn't require Parallels tools for full resolution

You could use xrandr, a tool which enables you to set your desired resolution through the command-line.

There are several guides on setting up xrandr to work for your display. This article should enable you to set it up correctly - I used it and got xrandr working fine.

Unfortunately, a lot of people have trouble making the commands permanent, so that they run on startup, but I'll show you how to do it the easy way:

Create a script, xrandr.sh for example, and place your xrandr commands into it. It should look something like this #!/bin/bash
xrandr --newmode "1920x1200_60.00"  193.16  1920 2048 2256 2592  1200 1201 1204 1242  -HSync +Vsync
xrandr --addmode VGA1 1920x1200_60.00
xrandr --output VGA1 --mode 1920x1200_60.00
Make the script executable with chmod +x xrandr.sh
Search for "Startup Applications" in the dash, run it, and add the script as a startup application.


You can try installing cntlm to automatically handle your proxy settings:

supo apt install cntlm
sudo nano /etc/cntlm.conf

From here edit the following fields to give your credentials:

Username username
Domain proxydomain
Paswword pwd

[...]

Proxy proxyaddress:3128
Noproxy localhost, 127.0.0.*, 10.*, 192.168.*
Listen proxyport


I would suggest to install
https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/upnp-inspector/
and see if you get anything.

Piotras


Lenovo Y580 touchpad pointer runs away while trying to click

To get the trackpad working correctly you need to use the terminal and enter in the below commands. Make sure you press enter after each command:

sudo -i
echo "options psmouse proto=exps" > /etc/modprobe.d/psmouse.modprobe
reboot

Once the computer reboots your trackpad will be able to do left click and drag and right clicking


After trying all of the other suggestions on the other pages I was able to get mine to work by installing the cups-daemon > then purged the cups > then installed cups > restarted cups service > rebooted > after the reboot the printers showed back up and were available again.


What is the best tool for converting and reading video to be played on DVD players?

Such "Best tool" for determined purpose is something difficult to say.

There are lots of software for the majority of the tasks. But everyone will give you for "best" what it fits their needs.

What are your needs?

To rip from a DVD as a video source you have many alternatives.

AcidRip at http://sourceforge.net/projects/acidrip/

DVD Encoder OgmRip at http://ogmrip.sourceforge.net

DVD::Rip at http://www.exit1.org/dvdrip/

More of DVD::Rip

HandBrake at http://handbrake.fr

Brasero will allow you to burn all the ripped files by using:

Data project: Drag and drop the files to the window in order to make a DVD, if you ripped the whole DVD you will have VIDEO_TS and probably AUDIO_TS which can be added to this project in order to make a copy of the DVD.

Video project: If you ripped the video into a video file (avi, mpeg, etc.) You can make a video DVD using this feature.

Burn image: If you have made an ISO, which can also be made by Brasero.

Edited:

Based on the commend by Seth Hikari I am increasing the list of software in order to add those who can help to do what Seth wish.

There are also a few alternatives for Professional DVD Authoring, which will allow you to:

Add video from different
sources/codecs.
Edit DVD Menus (or choose not to
include a menu)
Edit a few more things and...
Burn to a DVD disc which will be
readed by the majority of the
commercial DVD Player Decks.

Bombono at http://www.bombono.org/

DVDStyler at http://www.dvdstyler.org/

These tools are good and fast for DVD burning, and taking in consideration the lots of control that you get when using a DVD authoring tool, compared with Brasero will result in a faster process.

As I said before, this is the "Best Tools" for me, so... I hope you don't downvote me, and people not to drop their unpleasant "reviews" to my answer. ¬¬

Good Luck!

This answer can be edited in order to remove all the stuff that people may consider not necessary. Thank you.


How to install hp scanjet 200 in Ubuntu 12.04?

There are no drivers available for the ScanJet 200, be it open or proprietary.

The only way to use your scanner would be to install windows in a virtualbox and scan from there.


How can I tell if a CVE has been fixed in Ubuntu's repositories?

What you're looking for are Ubuntu Security Notifications and they are not clearly listed in the repositories.  This page is the main Ubuntu Security Notifications listing.
As for individual packages, updates which address security fixes are in their own special repository, the -security pocket.  Using Synaptic, you can switch to the "Origin" view, and see packages in the RELEASE-security pocket.
All CVEs are also listed in the Ubuntu Security Team's CVE tracker - with your specifically referenced CVE here.  In the case of CVE-2014-9295 which you reference here, it has not yet been fixed.
Once an update is available, it will be detected by sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get upgrade once it's released in the security repository.


Where is the problem?Workspace switching during bricscad drafting with zooming with mouse wheel!

Are you pressing any combination of Ctrl+Alt+Arrow or Super(Windows key)+Arrow while working, even if by accident? Or does this program synthesize those combinations of events by any chance?

You can change the keybindings use for switching workspaces, under System Settings->Keyboard, or just stop pressing those keys. If the program is synthesizing the events somehow, you will probably need to change the keybindings as a workaround, and you should report a problem against that program, in it's issue tracking system.


Sleep mode on a computer suspends its current state to the RAM.  The computer will then go into a low power mode keeping enough power going to the RAM to keep the suspended state.  No applications are running at this time.

To wake the computer back up from a remote session would have to be done by a WOL (Wake On LAN) which is controlled by the motherboard.  This would then wake the system back up.  ssh daemons would not be running at the time the system is asleep so you would not be able to connect to the host that way.  Once the magic packet is sent to WOL, the system would no longer be in the sleep state so the answer would be false every time for sleep.

See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_mode for more information.

There would be one other way to find out if a system is powered on or not from a remote console but that requires special hardware that supports Out-of-band Management that is normally built into server hardware.  There are some remote power management items that can be purchased for systems without the management, but they can be pricey and only control the power itself.  Here are some that I did a quick search for.

Hope this helps!


Integrated webcam not working - Ubuntu 18.04

From your "lsusb" output, this is your webcam:

Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0bda:565a Realtek Semiconductor Corp.

So, yes, it is being seen. The Linux Hardware database shows that kernels 3.7 and greater support it. See:

https://linux-hardware.org/index.php?id=usb:0bda-565a

Cool! Ubuntu 18.04 is on kernel 4.15 (or newer if updated) so you are all set there. Hmm. So it looks like the uvc driver should do it out of the box.

Is something blocking your camera from being on? Check the BIOS, any physical switches on your laptop, any keys on the keyboard that turn the camera on or off, or a setting in gnome settings.

In addition, you can install v4l-utils.

sudo apt install v4l-utils

more info: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/v4l-utils

This is a bunch of command line tools to test out your camera. The command "qv4l2", for instance, will launch a detailed and somewhat complex program for testing your camera. Could get you somewhere.

Best


Nessus installation problem on ubuntu 18

Referencing the article found here:

  Carriage return characters have been inserted into your init script. Shell scripts may not be read correctly when unexpected carriage returns are encountered. Typically this might occur when the file was created via a Windows system, text editor, or terminal, as Windows uses carriage return + line feed characters for line endings, whereas *nix systems only use line feed characters

Resolution

Remove the carriage return characters from the init script. This can be done with a sed one-liner:

sed -i -e 's/\r//g' /etc/init.d/your_init_script

This will remove the carriage return characters, after which you can start the service successfully


Enabling virtual consoles in Ubuntu 18.04

Actually I had the same problem.
I changed the /etc/systemd/logind.conf file adding the line

NAutoVTs=6

And the VCs were not accessible till I had an idea!
On my laptop, a Lenovo T490, the default F keys are instead configured as Laptop keys. Therefore they are not usable a F keys directly.
To get the Fn keyboard working I have to press:

Fn + CTRL + ALT + F1-12

now with Fn + Ctrl + Alt + F3 key I can get to the tty3.
tty1 is the GDM login page, while tty2 is the current X session.


How to Run SSH on remote machine and leave?

First session:

command >> logfile &

Executes command in the background and redirects STDOUT output to a file. Watch the output:

tail -f logfile

Press Ctrl+C to stop viewing the output (not the process itself).

Detach the process from the current session and exit:

disown
exit

Second session:

See the current output of the (still running) process:

tail -f logfile


This:

  Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table

... tells that there isn't likely to be any software that can "mount" the flash drive.

If you are sure there should be data on it; the disk recovery software is the only option.
Names to look for testdisk and photorec - there are a lot more to try out, google for it.


Unsolvable NVIDIA & Ubuntu 16.x compatibility

I had the same problem today when I was installing Ubuntu on my new MSI GL62 laptop which has the NVIDIA Geforce GTX 960M graphics aswell. The issue, it turned out was not with the drivers as such but grub setting. I had 'nomodeset' and 'acpi=off' in grub to install ubuntu with the live CD. That setting got carried on to actual installation on my laptop. I think it's the 'nomodeset' that interferes with the NVIDIA graphics drivers and not the 'acpi'.

So I manually removed the options from /etc/default/grub and run

sudo update-grub

and that fixed the issue.


Why does dpkg give me this parsing error?

The following command should resolve your problem:

sudo dpkg --clear-avail


transferring file through a network without asking for password

Backup with rsync and SSH

Disclaimer: There are many methods, this is my personally preferred one
Make sure you have SSH up and running on your destination host (depending on how to install/start SSH on FreeNAS  - I don't know)
sudo apt-get install openssh-server
Then see that you can login with keyfiles (without pw) and enter the following on your (source) Ubuntu Linux PC
ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /home/username/.ssh/rsync_keyfile.dsa
Don't set a password, just hit enter twice !
Disclaimer: I would normally advice to use passwords, but not for scripting purposes
Now we copy the key from the source- to the destination-host, here you have to enter the pw for dst-user once
ssh-copy-id -i /home/username/.ssh/rsync_keyfile.dsa dst-user@destination-host
You can test it, to see if it works and if you can login
ssh -i  /home/username/.ssh/rsync_keyfile.dsa dst-user@destination-host
then you can transfer files with
rsync -<rsync options> -e "ssh -i /home/username/.ssh/rsync_keyfile.dsa" /local/backup/files/* dst-user@destination-host:/remote/backup/
I would suggest using -a as well as -u,-hand -P.
These options tell rsync to archive (a good combination of options), only update (copy) files that are newer on the source than the destination, make it human readable and show us the progress of the whole transfer.
If you use this in a script, make sure that the user executing said script is owner of the rsync_keyfile.dsa, otherwise it won't be used.


APT - Webmin DEB source website not connecting

Still an issue as of today, Thursday 26 October  14:22:37 AEST 2017.

EDIT: Back online as of Thursday 26 October  15:48:02 AEST 2017

Err:21 http://download.webmin.com/download/repository sarge InRelease
Could not connect to download.webmin.com:80 (108.60.199.109), connection timed out

It appears to be a complete website subdomain outage as per http://www.isitdownrightnow.com/download.webmin.com.html

I will keep updating this answer with any changes. Sorry for the bad news.

HUNG PROCESS? - The process is waiting to timeout on the source DEB URL, just leave apt running eventually it will timeout and continue the apt update process. Not ideal but at least you can still update.


Updating to kernel version 5.2 helped me too, but the touchpad dies after suspend.
This is my solution:

Create file in /lib/systemd/system-sleep/with this content:

#!/bin/bash
if [ "${1}" = "post" ]; then
    modprobe -r i2c_hid
    modprobe i2c_hid
fi

And dont forget chmod +x.


How to restore fonts after kubuntu-desktop?

This fixed it for me:

Change the content of the file $HOME/.fonts.conf to:

<?xml version='1.0' ?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
<match target='font'>
<edit name='autohint' mode='assign'>
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
</match>
</fontconfig>

Then restart firefox.


Cannot take a screenshot when clicking on top-right system tray icon

Use 'Screenshot' to take a screenshot of the entire screen but with a 10-second delay. During the delay, click the item of interest so the menu appears. The resulting screenshot will include the menu and pointer. I generally rename the .png to something meaningful; not just Screenshot...blah.png. I then open the .png in GIMP and crop to the area of interest.


How to make the unity app search find a manually installed app

You create a .desktop-file that you place in either /usr/share/applications/appname.desktop if it should be available for all users or in /home/username/.local/share/applications/appname.desktop if should only be added to your personal menu. The latter seems right in your case.

You can use the Gnome menu editor, alacarte, for this (installed by default) or you can create a shortcut by right clicking the desktop and then move it to ~/.local/share/applications manually afterwards. Alacarte will let you place the file in a certain category so that it displays in the Development category, for instance. You just navigate to Applications > Development in Alacarte and click "New item". Enter a name for the launcher, the command to run, an icon to use and an optional comment.

It will now be available when you press super and type some of its name, or if you right click the Applications lense in the launcher and select Development.


Press Ctrl+Shift+Del to open-up cleaning dialogue.

To check what's in cache: about:cache

For further cleaning on Ubuntu install "BleachBit".


problem with deleting a directory and subdirectory

To delete a directory that is not empty, you need to use rm -rf.

This is basic linux, and so is using sudo instead of a root account; you're setting yourself up for disaster. Be careful.


Can I enable Bounce Keys for certain keys only?

I've found a solution for you, but it doesn't involve Bounce Keys. What I do here is to deactivate the space key/keyboard for a small time each time space is pressed. So here it goes:

We use xbindkeys to capture space bar press (in this case release) and xdotool to insert spaces. Install them if you don't have it on your system:

sudo apt-get install xbindkeys xdotool

A xbindkeys config file should have appeared on your home folder by the name .xbindkeysrc else create one like this:

xbindkeys -d > ~/.xbindkeysrc

Copy the snippet and paste it into your .xbindkeysrc file.

"xdotool key KP_Space; xinput set-int-prop <kbd-id> "Device Enabled" 8 0; sleep .05 ; xinput set-int-prop <kbd-id> "Device Enabled" 8 1"
     m:0x0 + c:65 + Release
    space

Here <kbd-id> is the keyboard ID which can be found out by xinput command. Now you want to configure xbindkeys to start each time you start your computer.

Open /etc/rc.local and add the line xbindkeys before exit 0.

You are done. Open a terminal and type xbindkeys to start it for now. See if it does the job. If it did not catch the double spaces or characters after spaces are missing, adjust the delay in our command in ~/.xbindkeysrc accordingly and reboot.

References:

Xbindkeys - Arch Documentation


How to restore DNS being automatically obtained?

It sounds like your phone, when acting as your wifi router, is not providing DNS information automatically.  lo is your loopback ethernet adapter, the /etc/network/interfaces file is normal. Instead of removing /etc/resolv.conf insert nameserver 8.8.8.8 above the line nameserver 127.0.0.1.  You won't need to restart networking, your DNS resolution will be functional at this point, but the correct way is to use systemctl (systemd):

sudo systemctl restart networking.service
sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service

You may be able to fix your hotspot settings to provide DNS information upon connection, as that would be ideal.


Can't replace Windows 7 with Ubuntu 12.04

You just need to re-make the partition table, a quick fix.  Boot off the LiveCD and select "try Ubuntu".  Next run Gparted and select Device -> create partition table.

You can select advanced options which will give a menu where you can select GPT (GUID partition table) if want, and if the drive is larger than 2TB then I would recommend that you do so.

After you have have written a new partition table, you can select "install" and everything should go smoothly.


Thanks to @FedonKadifeli:

Remove the authorized_keys
copy the file from aaa to bbb
chown the bbb/.ssh

Everything is working now!


rkhunter suspicious file type ecryptfs-user-Private text

Did you look at the file's content? Be aware that rkhunter telling you "Suspicious..." means that you should investigate further.
Beginning with rm -f curtails the investigation, and can break your system.
rkhunter complains that it found an "ASCII Text" file in the /dev directory tree, which usually holds device files. This can, in some cases,  point to a problem. In the history of Computer Security, root kits have hidden files in /dev to conceal them, thus rkhunter looks for "funny looking" files.
This particular file looks like a part of an ecryptfs encrypted file system installation.
Investigate further with dpkg -S  to see if it's part of a package.
"Delete on Warning" is not a good plan.
Has rkhunter been updated recently? Does it know about ecryptfs? apt-get changelog rkhunter?


What is the difference between two desktop installation command?

ubuntu-desktop and ubuntu-unity-desktop are both meta packages to install a graphical desktop environment and its dependencies.

ubuntu-desktop installs the default Desktop of Ubuntu which is Gnome3 since Ubuntu 17.10. From 11.04 to 17.04, the default Desktop was Unity.

Since 17.10 the prior ubuntu-desktop meta-package providing Unity is named ubuntu-unity-desktop, which is as the name says a meta-package providing the Unity Desktop.

Read this to learn about the differences.


Errors were encountered while processing: initramfs-tools linux-firmware Ubuntu 18.04

From these two lines of your output, I conclude that the package e2fsprogs is missing or corrupted:

Warning: /sbin/fsck.ext4 doesn't exist, can't install to initramfs, ignoring.
E: /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/fixrtc failed with return 1.

The first line directly says /sbin/fsck.ext4 is missing, which is a file provided by that package I mentioned. Examining the failing script mentioned in the second line, it turns out that this one requires /sbin/dumpe2fs, which is provided by the same package too.

To fix the issue, you should (re?)install e2fsprogs by running:

sudo apt install --reinstall e2fsprogs

The fact that the package containing the failing fixrtc initramfs hook (initramfs-tools-core) does not depend on the seemingly required e2fsprogs package though should probably be considered as a bug. I have reported it on Launchpad here.

Update:

As e2fsprogs refuses to install because it conflicts with an incompatible version of libext2fs2 that you have installed from an unknown and no longer available source, we have to downgrade that other package back to the supported version in the process too:

sudo apt install --reinstall e2fsprogs libext2fs2=1.44.1-1


MAAS uses a different configuration file for dhcpd, so you won't see changes in /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf. Checkout the process listing:

 1048 ?        Ss     0:08 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -user dhcpd -group dhcpd -f -q -4 -pf /run/maas/dhcp/dhcpd.pid -cf /etc/maas/dhcpd.conf -lf /var/lib/maas/dhcp/dhcpd.leases br0

The file MAAS controls is /etc/maas/dhcpd.conf and that's where it will write DHCP changes to.

Regarding /etc/network/interfaces, MAAS does not manage this file. MAAS will read it and "import" the interface names and some other info, but that's it. If you tell it to fully manage a certain NIC (DHCP + DNS), the information you provide there will be given to clients booting from there, and not to write back to /etc/network/interfaces.


Looking for audio player which not scanning audio files

Clementine might work. You don't need to add folders to the library, you can just play from the file browser:

You can add to the libarary for scanning, if you wish, but it's not necessary. It's in the repositories, so a simple sudo apt install clementine is enough.


How can I change permissions on external drives right after formatting with GParted?

It is possible that you may have formatted the drive with root privileges.

If so see link below for some possible solutions.

Only root-permissions to USB-drive after formatting with Gparted

Hope it helps.


As long as you can connect to the internet, you can use the network installer.

You would need a decent connection but you should be able to use it

The link to get them is in this page, I am including the page as I'm not sure if you want 12.04 or 13.10:

Alternative downloads

If your computer was an XP computer it may do better with a lighter weight Ubuntu desktop like Xfce or LXDE (the ones used in Xubunt or Lubuntu). The catch however, is that you will have to install the standard Ubuntu and then install the other desktops if you find that Unity is too slow for you as as far as I was able to determine, neither have network installers as an option.

Your computer may do fine running the standard Ubuntu, my old XP computer was able to handle Unity fine in 11.04 and 11.10.  I bought a new computer just before 12.04 came out so I can't say about the newer versions but it is likely that my old computer would still run fine.  Mine was not a top of the line XP model so if you have a very good XP computer as you question states then I think you will be ok with Unity, I was just including the info about Xfce and LXDE "just in case"

To add some more info, the network installer is not as simple as the LiveCD method so you should check out the install instructions(there is a lot of info here so be prepared for a long read)

This is the install info for 12.04

This is the install info 13.10

While I cannot help with the network install, there are a lot of user here and somone can help you if you are unsure about how to do it.  Just post another question about how to use the network installer and I think some kind soul will help you in short order.


Start/Stop Services in Linux Ubuntu 13.10

Did you follow this guide for the installation? It's was for Ubuntu 7.10, uses wine and doesn't sound very promising at all. Have you considered alternatives?

As far as Linux services are concerned, it is a good idea to have a look what's up and running using service --status-all. Services may be started using sudo service start servicename. You will ususally need root privileges for that.


How to add drive/partition-icon to the launcher?

I have a hd named "backup" which I "accidentally" removed. ;)

I added the backup-hd-icon to the launcher by

Clicked the dash
Typed backup
Dragged the icon to the launcher

Important is that you don't drag the folder, you want to search for the hd icon


Photo viewer / File Manager thumbnails / photos

Try to load your images using feh

sudo apt-get install feh

Open a terminal and try the thumbnail mode in your Pictures folder:

feh -t

  feh is an X11 image viewer aimed mostly at console users. Unlike most
  other viewers, it does not have a fancy GUI, but simply displays
  images. It is controlled via commandline arguments and configurable
  key/mouse actions.

Visit: http://feh.finalrewind.org


Synchronise clocks on ubuntu running in EC2?

I contacted Amazon about this, they said that it's safe to install NTP and that you shouldn't have to disable the xen wallclock. They said that NTP is a good solution for EC2 instances.

Amazon have dedicated NTP servers which should be added to /etc/ntp.conf:

server 0.amazon.pool.ntp.org
server 1.amazon.pool.ntp.org
server 2.amazon.pool.ntp.org
server 3.amazon.pool.ntp.org

So it's probably best to install NTP as described in the docs:

sudo apt-get install ntp


Is there a shortcut to tile windows to left or right side of the screen?

Out of the box, most non-tiling managers and desktop environments such as XFCE/Xubuntu does not have tiling support.
A notable exception in Compiz which can be used with the majority of Desktop environments such as Xubuntu/Unity but not Gnome-Shell.
Specifically for Xubuntu, to get mouse tiling support you will need to either compile or install a modified window manager such as this Q&A:
Automatically size windows using Xfce like in gnome
To get keyboard tiling support without compiz and a non-tiling window manager, you will need to be more inventive and control the window position and sizing yourself - this answer gives you this solution.
However, for the best tiling support you should use a dedicated tiling-window manager such as Awesome.
Keyboard Tiling
A basic python script on launchpad allows you to control windows such as moving them to the left or right.
I've slightly modified this to work with XFCE/Xubuntu and to allow you to install in either 11.10 or 12.04.  This can easily be tailored for other DEs such as unity-2d
Create keyboard shortcuts - an example is below:

You call the script stiler.py with the following parameters:

left - tile the current window to the left side of the screen.
right - tile the current window to the right side of the screen.
vertical - tile all windows vertically
horizontal - tile all windows horizontally
cycle - tile windows in a cyclical manner and rotate between those windows
prev - move the focus to the previous window
next - move the focus to the next window
maximize - maximise the current window

Some examples:
cycle windows

tile vertically

to install
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:fossfreedom/xfwm4
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install stiler


Bad sound in Ubuntu 18.04 except Firefox

The upgrade to Ubuntu 19.04 solved to issue for me.


Touchpad too sensitive on Samsung Series 7

Open terminal and type in synclient and look at the value in PressureMotionMinZ.  Mine was set to 15, and the touch pad was very sensitive.  Changing the value to 25 made a huge improvement in pointer stability when tapping.

Simply enter synclient PressureMotionMinZ=25 or what ever value you find comfortable.

On to making the changes stick.

Now we need to make an xorg.conf file as 12.04 doesn't have one.  So in terminal,

gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

This will create an xorg file in x11.  Add the following to the file and save it.  Here's what worked for me.  If you modify any other settings in synclient and like them, add them as options to your new file, and they will be implemented on boot.

Section "InputClass"
Identifier         "Touchpad"
Driver             "synaptics"
MatchIsTouchpad    "on"
Option         "PressureMotionMinZ" "25"
EndSection


Are ubuntu packages (deb-files) only md5sum secured?

Ubuntu publishes a manifest that is signed with an RSA key. The manifest lists individual Packages index files, each with MD5, SHA-1 and SHA-256 hashes. Each Packages file lists individual .deb files with MD5, SHA-1 and SHA-256 hashes.

For verification, apt uses the best hash that it supports and is published by the archive it is downloading from. In the case of the Ubuntu archive, this is SHA-256.

So the entire chain of installing packages on your Ubuntu system is protected by RSA and SHA-256.

The MD5 protection that exists in dpkg is really only useful for accidental corruption, and not necessary to protect the installation path.

You might be interested in the debsums package, but since it uses MD5s, it also is only useful for checking for accidental corruption.

If you want to check for malicious system modification, then these are not the appropriate tools for you. You will need to take the system offline and check against either a previous record, the original package files, or secure hashes generated from these.

Note that since a successful malicious modification might be to simply downgrade a package to the one prior to a security update, checking that all installed package files match against their originals may not be sufficient either.


Initial ramdisk (in your case it is initrd.img-4.18.0-20-generic) is generated by update-initramfs tool automatically during kernel installation into your system.

update-initramfs checks out your system and adds required modules into initrd to load it during boot.

There are two locations where you can put your scripts for initial ramdisk:

/usr/share/initramfs-tools

and

/etc/initramfs-tools

In your case you must insert that line into /etc/initramfs-tools/modules and run

update-initramfs -u

for your current kernel.

Then check out the result:

mkdir myinitramfs

cd myinitramfs

zcat /boot/initrd.img-4.18.0-20-generic | cpio --extract

cat conf/modules

check if your module is in the list


gvfs-smb uses libsmbclient which uses the normal configuration for Samba for encoding. Have you tried setting unix charset = utf-8 in your /etc/samba/smb.conf?


After receiving a lot of patient assistance from Gunnar Hjalmarsson I have been able to partially solve the issue. The unicode output from Unikey does pass the spell checker (if using Telex input method). However I use VNI input method and that doesn't work on Unikey.


Error because your desktop session has been messed up. You can recover by reinstalling.

Open virtual console by ctrl+alt+f1 and execute below it will work.

# sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
# sudo reboot


How can I expose multiple remote server ports via sshuttle?

On the remote server define a secondary IP address, for example 10.0.0.1, that points to itself. (The same way 127.0.0.1 does.)

On your local machine, create your sshuttle connection as follows:

sshuttle -r user@remote 10.0.0.1
# "user" is your username on the remote machine
# "remote" is the name or IP address of the remote machine

You can now access the remote server at the 10.0.0.1 address. Because it understands connections from 10.0.0.1 to be "itself", all the ports are accessible at that address. (They stop being accessible as soon as you close the sshuttle connection.)

You can confirm this with the following commands:

nmap remote # returns only ssh port
nmap 10.0.0.1 # returns all ports

You can now connect to your database with the address 10.0.0.1:3306. For example, if it's a MySQL database you can connect to it uing MySQL Workbench.

If this approach suits you, you may want to investigate using sshoot to manage your sshuttle connections.


Help with dual boot - Windows 10 & Kubuntu 15.10

I haven't installed Kubuntu, but when booting from CD or USB it gives you the option to boot from UEFI CD/USB or boot from CD/USB.

If you have UEFI active then you should install using that option.  If you have Windows installed using UEFI you need to use the UEFI option.

64bit and 32bit should have no effect.

When you boot from a live CD can you see your Kubuntu partitions?

If you can it installed correctly.  If you cannot then you need to install using my recommendations.


Will 12.04 default into Unity the way 11.10 did?

Your GNOME Classic (i.e., Fallback) interface and your settings pertaining to it will almost certainly be preserved when you upgrade from Ubuntu 11.10 to Ubuntu 12.04 LTS.

Ubuntu 11.04 used GTK+2 and GNOME 2. By default it provided three session types: Ubuntu (GNOME 2 with the GTK+2 version of Unity, which required 3D acceleration), Ubuntu Classic (a classic GNOME 2 interface), and Ubuntu Classic (no effects) (the same, but without any visual effects at all).

When you upgraded from Ubuntu 11.04 Natty Narwhal to Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric Ocelot, GTK+2 was replaced with GTK+3. The Unity interface existed for GTK+3, so while it changed a lot "under the hood" (for that and other reasons), the user experience only changed slightly. However, the classic GNOME 2 interface requires GTK+2. So it was replaced with Unity 2D, which behaves very much like Unity and very little like the classic GNOME 2 interface.

As you know (since you use it), a GNOME Classic session type (which provides the GNOME Fallback interface, which is a GNOME 3 interface with a shell that feels a lot like, though by no means the same as, GNOME 2's old shell) is available in Ubuntu 11.10. It is provided by the gnome-session-fallback package. The GNOME Classic session type is not really a logical continuation of any previous interface present in earlier Ubuntu releases, and it is community-supported rather than being supported by Canonical (that is, it is provided in the Universe component rather than the Main one). For these reasons, it would not make sense for it to be installed by default during a fresh installation or upgrade, and it is not. You had to install it yourself (by telling the package manager that you wanted that one particular package).

There are no plans to remove gnome-session-fallback for Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Precise Pangolin, so if you use the GNOME Classic session type in Ubuntu 11.10, there is no reason to think you will not be able to use it in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS either. Currently, this release is in alpha testing. gnome-session-fallback can be installed in Precise systems, and if you have an Oneiric system with it installed, it remains installed when you upgrade to the Precise alpha. If GNOME Classic is the default session type in an Oneiric system (either globally or for some user), it remains so when that system is upgraded to the Precise alpha.

When upgrading from one release to another, you should expect that the appearance and behavior of most applications will change. There will probably be changes in the GNOME Fallback interface provided in GNOME Classic sessions. However, the changes are unlikely to be very great, because this is designed as a fallback interface; it is not where bleeding-edge development is occurring. These changes may well not even be noticeable. And whether or not they are, your settings within this interface (such as the layout you use for your panels) should remain the same when you upgrade to Ubuntu 12.04 LTS.

As there is still some time remaining before Ubuntu 12.04 LTS comes out, it is of course  possible for there to be major changes. However, especially considering that this is an LTS release with an emphasis on rock-solid stability and long-term usability rather than on making major changes or introducing large new features, it seems unlikely that any of the current interfaces will be changed enormously or made unavailable.


The linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic package depends on linux-image-4.4.0-22-generic which is also the origin of the missing /boot/System.map-4.4.0-22-generic (this could be considered a bug). So as odd as it may sound you need to install the latter to then be able to remove both:

sudo apt-get install linux-image-4.4.0-22-generic
sudo apt-get remove linux-image-4.4.0-22-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic

They should have been (auto-)removed together the first time and I have no idea why that didn't happen.


Installing ubuntu 14.04 alongside windows 8.1 UEFI

In Ubuntu, you could use the following command in your terminal(Ctrl+Alt+t) to locate these.

df -h for file system mount points:

phlin@ubuntu:~$ df -h

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda1       451G  270G  159G   63% /
udev            3.9G  4.0K  3.9G    1% /dev
tmpfs           786M  948K  785M    1% /run
none            5.0M     0  5.0M    0% /run/lock
none            3.9G   18M  3.9G    1% /run/shm

swapon -s for swap:

phlin@ubuntu:~$ swapon -s
Filename                Type        Size    Used    Priority
/dev/sda5                               partition   8257532 0   -1


Is there a way to install/update drivers to support my new SATA 3.1 SSD?

Your performance test results are better than what CNET got. (In their tests, Toshiba SSD Q300 was measured at 203 MB/sec read, 187 MB/sec combined read/write). The conclusion of the CNET test was that the Q300 was "slow and expensive".

To be fair, Anandtech measured much better performance, but complained of low steady-state performance and poor performance consistency. Anyway, the conclusion was similar: "the Q300 is a low-end drive and is among the slowest SSDs on the market".


Lenovo Ideapad V330 volume keys get stucked on 19.04

make sure you read ahead in the answers.

@Nahuel provided an update to the fix :

to sum it up :

For UBUNTU 19.04:

Open your Terminal.
$ sudo nano /lib/udev/hwdb.d/60-keyboard.hwdb
In nano editor look for "lenovo" section (CTRL + w).
Add this section (Copy and Paste):

# IdeaPad V330
evdev:atkbd:dmi:bvn*:bvr*:svnLENOVO*:pn*IdeaPad*V330*:pvr*
 KEYBOARD_KEY_a0=!mute
 KEYBOARD_KEY_ae=!volumedown
 KEYBOARD_KEY_b0=!volumeup

Save changes and exit nano.
sudo udevadm hwdb --update
restart.

Original Thread:
https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/udev/+question/237756


How do I install Chrome in my device, an Acer r11 chromebook

Answer: I installed Chromium using the Terminal command:

sudo apt install chromium-browser

Using the Chromium browser has none of the issues I was experiencing while using the NetSurf browser.

You guys are helpful and responsive. Keep it up.


How do I configure Ubuntu one on a server?

Ubuntu One requires X and a dbus session. You can make it work headless following these instructions: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuOne/Headless

Running Ubuntu One in Headless Mode

Install ubuntuone-client package:

sudo apt-get install ubuntuone-client

Setup the user directories:

mkdir -p ~/.config/ubuntuone ~/bin

If you did not have a ~/bin when you logged in, your path doesn't include it, to rectify run (or simply log out and in again and ubuntu will set it up for you):

export PATH=$HOME/bin:$PATH

Obtain OAuth key for your account:

cd /tmp
wget http://people.canonical.com/~roman.yepishev/us/ubuntuone-sso-login.py
python ubuntuone-sso-login.py
Ubuntu SSO Login: **your Ubuntu SSO Login**
Password: **your Ubuntu SSO Password**
oauth=hPQWPsH:rhOokmNiRuuoiHe...

Copy the line starting with oauth= to ~/.config/ubuntuone/syncdaemon.conf as oauth parameter under main section (this is ini-style file):

[__main__]
oauth=hPQWPsH:rhOokmNiRuuoiHe...

(you might just as well remove the first two fields in the oauth-string, ie oath=aaa:bbb:ccc:ddd => oath=ccc:ddd )
Download the u1sdtool wrapper which will start dbus when needed. By default Ubuntu adds ~/bin/ to your path, so when you run u1sdtool, you will be running the wrapper.

wget http://people.canonical.com/~roman.yepishev/us/u1sdtool-wrapper -O ~/bin/u1sdtool
chmod +x ~/bin/u1sdtool

Start Ubuntu One, check Ubuntu One status and connect (starting from Oneiric Ubuntu One is connecting automatically when started):

u1sdtool --start
u1sdtool --status
State: READY
  connection: Not User With Network
  description: ready to connect
  is_connected: False
  is_error: False
  is_online: False
  queues: IDLE
u1sdtool --connect

If you are greeted with a with the display manager error, try prepending u1sdtool with ~/bin/ since the most probable cause are the aforementioned issue with your PATH.
Look at the string followed by "connection". If it says "Not User" your credentials haven't been processed, stop and start the syncdaemon:

u1sdtool --quit
u1sdtool --start

and try again.

If it says "No network", it claims you're not connected to the internet, and I had to fix this by installing nmcli (sudo apt-get install network-manager --no-install-recommends) and fiddle with nmcli. You might need to install consolekit, too.
Start adding files to ~/Ubuntu One directory and u1sdtool to add UDF, publish the files etc.


Youtube videos of all the format doesnot play in Ubuntu 14.04 Firefox 40

It is because of the lack of H.264 codec support on Firefox.

Try to install the FFmpeg plugin for GStreamer :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mc3man/gstffmpeg-keep
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg


How do I repackage a .deb for Ubuntu Snappy?

Take a look at https://github.com/ubuntu/snappy-playpen/blob/fd5d4a3a1e3f0acc13370adbf98c9a3481d1328a/leafpad/snapcraft.yaml for a simple example.

The relevant part of snapcraft.yaml here is:

parts:
  leafpad:
    plugin: nil
    stage-packages: [leafpad]

Here you define a part called leafpad, for which nothing needs to be done (nil plugin), but the contents of the Ubuntu package leafpad to be staged. That's it.

https://developer.ubuntu.com/snappy/build-apps/ obviously has more information on that.