I hope I'm not misreading your intent.  If it is to have skype installed on your system, you should install the Ubuntu native skype support rather than trying to install the Windows version via playonlinux.  The playonlinux tool is for Windows applications which are don't have a native Linux version.

To install the linux version provided in the Canonical partner repository you can do this from a terminal commandline with the following three commands:

$ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner"
$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install skype

More details (including GUI process for those commands) can be found at:
Skype - Community Help Wiki

Update:

New Native Linux Skype from Microsoft:

There's a new Alpha release of Skype native for Linux:
Skype for Linux Alpha was released this year and have support for newer skype features that are not available in the repository version.  This includes being able to leave a voice message to an offline user.

Once the deb package is installed updates are available via regular system update checks.


If you want a quick and dirty fix, you can remove the offending apt hook by typing:

sudo rm -rf /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20snapd.conf


Add a header to your resolvconf configuration file.  Create or edit the file, "/etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head".  Add your preference to it.

/etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head:

# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)
#     DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN

nameserver 8.8.8.8
search [yourpreference.com]

Restart your networking service, rebooting is the surest way to restart it.


The issue is fixed. Apparently running

  dconf reset -f /

fixed it


How can I boot to linux command line from GRUB?

Edit the entry from the Grub screen when it comes up (press e)

Find the kernel line and add either single or init=/bin/sh to the end of it then press Ctrl+X to boot.

Alternatively have you tried pressing Ctrl+Alt+F1 to get to a terminal?

See also https://askubuntu.com/a/132983/354175


You can see all the apps currently available for the Ubuntu Phone at this site:

https://uappexplorer.com/

So far Telegram seems to be the most popular messaging app available for this platform.


Unrar to a certain folder and then delete source folder

Update

After OP's clarification that the .rar files are inside subdirectories, I think that this is a better approach.

Use find to find all .rar files in a directory and its subdirectories. Use find's -exec flag to execute the unrar command to unrar the files and add && rm -r /home/username/source/directory at the end to delete the /home/username/source/directory folder and its contents:

find /home/username/source/directory/ -type f -name "*.rar" -exec unrar e -o- {} /home/username/copy/extracted/to \; && rm -r /home/username/source/directory

Old answer

You can do the following:

for file in /home/username/source/directory/*.rar; do unrar e -r -o- "$file" /home/username/copy/extracted/to && rm -- "$file"; done


Installing libavcodec-extra helped me with this issue:
sudo apt install libavcodec-extra

Picked from https://askubuntu.com/a/1295118/363976.


Since mogrify accepts a list of files, separated by line breaks, you can do this:
mogrify -equalize $(find -iname '*.png')

I use equalize as an example, but the important bit is the last one.

The file name can be any expression that prints out a list of files, i use find -iname '*.png' as an example. You can play around with the find command until it give you the list of files you want.

It's important that whatever command you put in $() returns a list of files with their correct path. ls -Ra will just return the file name. The output of find | grep png on the other hand looks like this:

./Webcam/lenovo-maverick-20110101-1.png
./lenovo-maverick-20110101-2.png
./lenovo-maverick-20110101-1.png

Where . means "the current working directory".


gsettings error: using the memory backed

Try running the following command line first:

export GIO_EXTRA_MODULES=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gio/modules/


launcher hangs ubuntu 14.10 in high resolution display

Looks like a graphic card issue to me. To start off with, type "lspci | grep VGA" and take a note of your Graphic card model, just to make sure it is NVidia GeForce 8400M.

You are probably using the xorg open sourced driver right now and high resolution can create problems, as far as I'm aware.

To install the unofficial drivers, follow these steps :

Press Ctrl + Alt + F2 and login with your credentials. Now as root, run the following commands :

killall -9 kdm (KDE)

Or,

killall -9 gdm(Gnome)

Now, type :

killall -9 Xorg

And run the following commands :

sudo apt-get --purge remove nvidia-current

sudo apt-get --purge autoremove

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get -y install nvidia-current


From terminal edit the acpi-support file. I have used nano, you can use any other editor:

sudo nano /etc/default/acpi-support

Then set SUSPEND_METHODS="none"

Save the file.

Then:

sudo /etc/init.d/acpid restart


How do I setup boot server on Ubuntu to install an OS via LAN from ISO?

You found too much information because this is a complex issue.  You need to know a lot and read a lot about networking to accomplish this, but start with the official Ubuntu documentation on:

A disk-less workstation

and then move on to:

PXE Boot Server Installation

and finally (if needed)

PXE boot multiple distributions

Just to re-iterate: you need to know what Wake-On-LAN is, TFTP (which is not the same as FTP) and PXE before even starting.


Is it possible to use Ubuntu One with Webdav?

WebDAV support is not on the current roadmap. It's an interesting idea and something that will be explored a bit further to see if it should be added to the next phase of development. Thanks for the idea!

Follow the wishlist item to keep track of the progress


Problems using SCP to copy files to a Server

The command is wrong.

According to what you explained the command should look this way:

scp -r -P 192 /home/inove-it/viewData myuser@myserver:/home


You have to choose to boot it from the F9 window. If this doesn't show up when you start your laptop you have to set the BIOS UEFI to disable mode or legacy mode. Save the BIOS and restart the machine then you will be able to boot from it.

UPDATE

When you just power it on and press F9, you should see this

Scroll down with arrows to CD/DVD and hit enter!


Gave Up Waiting For Root Device - Fresh Install 14.04

You need to fix/repair your boot partition

Follow this answer: https://askubuntu.com/a/742130/214264


Start by downloading Ubuntu:

At first, start by downloading the latest version of Ubuntu, be sure to get the right version for you PC, There's two flavors of Ubuntu, the 32-bit one, 64-bit one

64-bit one can allocate all the RAM if it's >4GB, It's also faster compared to 32-bit, however, old processors might not support 64-bit architecture

32-bit flavor can't allocate more than 4GB of ram, so if your computer have more than 4GB of ram, you shouldn't install 32-bit one, otherwise, the system will only work with 4GB of ram, the rest is wasted and not used

one you download your copy, either burn it to a DVD, or use a tool like Universial USB Installer to install it using a USB Flash Drive

 Install Ubuntu:

MAKE SURE YOU HAVE INSTALLED ALREADY WINDOWS 8 BEFORE YOU PROCEED

Now, boot up the Ubuntu DVD/Flash Drive, you'll see a screen like this:

Just wait it for some time to load, then you'll see something like this:

Choose your language from the left, if you want to Try Ubuntu before installing it, then Click Try Ubuntu, and if you want to install Ubuntu straightaway, click Install Ubuntu, and you'll see something like this:

I Highly recommend you to connect your PC to the Internet and choose to install the Updates, This will ensure you have a bug-free PC as possible, click Continue

In your case, You'll have different options, choose Install Ubuntu alongside Windows

Typically, where are you? Just choose your country and click Continue, this is required to set the Time, date, etc.

Choose your keyboard layout click Continue

Add Your name and Your Computer's name, Pick up a username, Choose a Password, Choose login method, and click Continue

Now leave it to complete installing Ubuntu, after it finishes, you'll see something like this:

Just click OK, Eject the DVD, Reboot your computer, and you'll see something like:

Inn my case, i don't have Windows installed, however, you'll have another option to boot-up windows, and from here you can choose Whether to boot Ubuntu or Windows 8, Memtest and other options might become handy later


MATE’s Keyboard Layout setting takes effect only within the MATE session. It has no effect on the login screen, or on tty consoles.
First of all, make sure the new layout has all the characters you need to enter your password – else you’ll have to jump through some extra hoops to log back in. If necessary, change your password to something you that can be entered on either layout.
Now, from a terminal window, run sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration and reconfigure your keyboard layout as needed. (Current settings will be suggested as defaults.)
Run sudo service keyboard-setup restart to apply changes immediately; otherwise they will take effect after the next reboot.
This will set the keyboard layout for tty consoles. On Ubuntu MATE, this also sets the keyboard layout for the login screen (other Ubuntu flavors may differ).


With an audio editor such as Audacity, it is possible to identify the offending frequencies and filter them out quite selectively (assuming your pitched whine has narrow frequency bands). Noise reduction would work even better, provided again it concerns a very constant noise and you have it available in a small selection of silence.

Audio players sometimes have equalizers, but these will usually not allow for the very fine filtering required to remove offending noise without scarifying too much audio quality.


Kubuntu 16.04 brightness not working HP Pavillion DV 6

I managed to find the solution on this page..

From: It's FOSS website


Your best to use ifconfig without the interface as it may not be eth0.

ifconfig | less

will allow you to page down to see what interface is assigned an IP.

You can also cheat by using route to see what interfaces are being used.

$ route
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
default         192.168.138.1   0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth2

and then use ifconfig on the interfaces listed, eg.

ifconfig eth2


Connecting PS3 dualshock on Ubuntu 14.04 with 3.13.0-34-generic?

Install sixad : sudo apt-get install sixad (Note that this only works via bluetooth. Well, you can use it via USB but then rumble and the LEDs won't work so I'd recommend sticking with bluetooth. You can still plug it into the USB port while you're using it as long as bluetooth is enabled).

Start sixad with : sixad -start

To restore regular bluetooth, stop sixad : sixad --stop and restore bluetooth : sixad --restore

I just tried this out a couple days ago, and I can confirm that it does work on the very latest kernel and Ubuntu 14.04.1.

You might need to adjust your bluetooth settings to get it to detect your controller.


Ubuntu 18.04 with unity - Alt+Shift to switch keyboard language layout fails on resume from suspend

I haven't found anything better than changing ALT+Shift to Shift+ALT in Text Entry Settings and it's still working after wake up


One (drastic) change which can help is to disable Compositing completely via xorg.conf:

Open the file /etc/X11/xorg.conf with an editor using sudo, for example by executing this command in a terminal:
gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Note: If the file does not exist yet, you need to create it by following these instructions.
Add these lines to the end of the file and save it:

Section "Extensions"
    Option  "Composite" "Disable"
EndSection

Reboot (Alternative: Close all applications and force-restart the X Server itself by executing sudo service lightdm restart

Note that this procedure will make your desktop unable to display any kind of transparency or smooth desktop animations.


Unetbootin hangs on 51% - trying to create USB installer drive for Windows

Assuming you are doing this from a running Ubuntu system (otherwise it would be off-topic):

Open built-in Disks tool – click the menu (right top corner) and select Restore Disk Image.

Choose the Windows 7 iso image, select the USB drive to write it to and start the process.


Syntax issue, you  need endif for your if if($1! = "") then + this if statement should be if ($1 != "") then.


On 18.04 LTS, how can the TrackPoint driver be changed from libinput back to Synaptics?

sudo apt install xserver-xorg-input-synaptics-hwe-18.04
sudo apt install xserver-xorg-input-evdev-hwe-18.04
sudo apt remove xserver-xorg-input-libinput
sudo apt remove xserver-xorg-input-libinput-hwe-18.04

Whether libinput or Synaptics is in use can be ascertained by getting the device name from the output of xinput --list and then listing the properties of the device using a command like the following:
xinput --list-props "TPPS/2 Elan TrackPoint"


Ubuntu OpenStack Single Installer - how to install & use the new LXD plugin for Nova

It will be supported eventually, but isn't yet. As far as I'm aware, only the OpenStack JuJu charms manually deployed are currently LXD-aware.

Both the OpenStack autopilot (landscape) and the openstack cloud installer will grow LXD support for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.


Quicklist gnome-terminal don't work with byobu profile

Try this:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=My Custom Byobu
Comment=Custom Byobu Windows
Icon=byobu
Exec=BYOBU_WINDOWS=netbook-session byobu
Type=Application
Terminal=true
Categories=GNOME;GTK;Utility;
X-GNOME-Gettext-Domain=byobu

This is based on the default byobu desktop file at     /usr/share/applications/byobu.desktop.


"Do you want to continue[Y/n]?" Why the upper case?

Usually, the uppercase option (Y in your case) is the default option if you don't provide any and just press ↲ Enter. This is a convention I see very often on the command line.

I wish I could provide a credible source, but I fail to find one. However, this is something I see very often in Debian/Ubuntu systems, in various programs.

The closest "source" I could find is a Q&A on Stack Overflow: Standard format for yes/no questions in the terminal?


How to run Warcraft III on Ubuntu 13.04 i386?

I'd follow the most recent tips available at appdb.winehq.org.

Espacially:

  What works

  The game doesn't work but has a workaround

  What does not

  The game crash at start if winegstreamer is not disabled (in winecfg
  in dll overrides section)

  Also, it's not possible to move the mouse to more than 1/3 of the
  screen if emulated desktop is not set in winecfg (graphic tab).

  This last option is also useful if you use 2 screens because without
  it, your 2 screens will show the same image with 2 different
  resolutions (and it will screw your nvidia-settings configuration)


Can't use RStudio any more after trying to set up an ODBC connection to a postgreSQL database

Open a terminal.

Enter the command:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

This appears to resolve this problem.

Source: Joschi comment above.


Is there an alternative to XWord for doing NY Times crosswords?

NY Times recommends (for Linux) http://www.nytimes.com/ref/membercenter/help/litlinux.html

However - with a little searching I found;

http://timesreader.nytimes.com/timesreader/index.html


How to install VirtualBox to use Windows or other OS?

You can use one terminal command:
sudo apt-get -y install virtualbox

When you are asked for the password, type your password. It will not be shown, not even asterisks. The command will take a while, but will finish and get the user@computer~:$ prompt when it is done.
Reboot for good measure(some kernel modules hate insmod, but it is not important to know what that is)
and then press Alt+F2 and type:
virtualbox

to get Virtualbox open. It will also be in the Unity dash.
Updated:
Since you downloaded the file, just double-click it so it opens in Software Center. It will still need to download dependencies in any case.


Installing Atom:::Terminal-Plus in Ubuntu 16.04

terminal-plus is no longer maintained, with its last commit being in November 2015. So I would recommend switching over to my package, terminal-fusion. terminal-fusion is a maintained  terminal package for Linux platforms (and only Linux platforms, it won't work on macOS or Windows), that I forked from platformio-ide-terminal. To install it run:

$ apm install terminal-fusion --no-confirm

where $ denotes a user console (so do not run this command as root). If you experience any issues with terminal-fusion please report them at its bug tracker: here. If you would like to show your appreciation for my package please star it with APM:

$ apm star terminal-fusion

and/or with GitHub, by going to its repository and pressing "Star".


Lenovo T410 problem with "WPA & WPA 2 Enterprise" in 13.10

Try to delete the faulty connection from list in Network Connections.

nm-connection-editor

Check if you have got wpa_supplicant installed:

sudo apt-get install wpasupplicant

After that add the connection manually. You have to create a configuration file:

gksudo gedit /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

(If you don't have gksudo, use sudo -H.)

In which - editing where needed - paste this:

network={
        ssid="xxxxxxx"
        scan_ssid=1
        key_mgmt=IEEE8021X
        eap=PEAP
        phase2="auth=MSCHAPV2"
        identity="xxxxxxxxx"
        password="xxxxxxxxx"
}

Be careful as everything there may be case sensitive. After that:

gksudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

It should look similar to that:

# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

Add following lines to the file (without touching the existing ones):

wpa-driver wext
wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

And finally restart networking

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

For me - it worked like a charm - its worth trying, but I'm not 100% sure that it'll fix your case.

In case it does not - a possible solution may be installing drivers, for instance from http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers/iwlwifi

EDIT:

3rd possible solution - add a driver parameter:

sudo modprobe -r iwlwifi
sudo modprobe iwlwifi 11n_disable=1

You should probably try the '3rd' solution first ;)


I found this can work if the IP address of the server is used, server name is not working!

below what worked with me:

var sql = require('mssql');

var config = {
    user: 'sa',
    password: 'sql@123',
//  server: 'myServername',  --> Not Working
//  server: 'ACUMENSERVER',  --> Not Working
    server: '6192.168.0.10', // WORKED
    database: 'myDB'
}

sql.connect(config).then(function() {
// Query

new sql.Request().query('select top 1 itemcode from OITM').then(function(recordset) {
    console.dir(recordset);
    }).catch(function(err) {console.log(err); /* ... query error checks ... */ });

// Stored Procedure

new sql.Request()
    .input('input_parameter', sql.Int, value)
    .output('output_parameter', sql.VarChar(50))
    .execute('procedure_name').then(function(recordset) {
         console.dir(recordset);
     }).catch(function(err) {console.log(err); /* ... execute error checks ... */ });

}).catch(function(err) {console.log(err); /* ... connect error checks ... */ });


Check Messenger for Desktop and Trillian, which is a multi-messenger for Facebook, Google Hangouts and more.


Unity crashes when I open LibreOffice document

I had the same problem with LibreOffice 5.1.6.2 10m0(Build:2) on Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS (I haven't checked the Syslog though). I noticed that when opening libreoffice from terminal I had this output:

(soffice:2579): Gdk-WARNING **: gdk_window_set_icon_list: icons too large

Looking that message up led me to this answer, which probably is completely unrelated. But I decided to try the solution proposed just in case, and it seems to have fixed the problem. Proposed answer:

rm -r ~/.config/libreoffice

The folder will be created anew when libreoffice is launched again. I think the previous configuration should be lost, but this is probably affordable.

After doing this the output from terminal I get when running libreoffice is as follows:

javaldx: Could not find a Java Runtime Environment!
Warning: failed to read path from javaldx

(soffice:2568): Gdk-WARNING **: gdk_window_set_icon_list: icons too large

(soffice:2579): Gdk-WARNING **: gdk_window_set_icon_list: icons too large

(soffice:2579): Gdk-WARNING **: gdk_window_set_icon_list: icons too large

Which is probably why I think the Gdk-WARNING is completely unrelated to the issue.


I was also having trouble with the sound after upgrading to 20.04. My first advice would be to not trust the test sound output feature in gnome-settings. Pressing the "test" button, which is supposed to make some noise on the speaker, won't just do anything.

So through the trouble shooting process, you'd need to have an audio file to test your sound outputs. For me, speaker-test was very convenient for this purpose.

Here's the troubleshooting process I went through.

Test the current situation with default output.

$ speaker-test

See other available sound outputs.

$ aplay -l

Pick other outputs then try them.

$ speaker-test -D hw:<card id>,<device id>

For example, if the output of aplay contains a line

card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]

Then the command to try this output will be

$ speaker-test -D hw:1,7

Kill all pulse audio daemons to prevent them from interfering during the troubleshooting.

$ mv ~/.config/pulse ~/.config/pulse_old  # Remove potentially corrupted pulse files
$ sudo killall pulseaudio

Try step 1, 2, and 3 again.
Check dmesg and journalctl to see if any errors regarding the sound are reported.


Terminal: list subdirectories containing a specific directory name

Edit

It's sufficient to use bash's glob star. This will match all directories inside /usr/share/icons/ that also have places subdirectory within them.

$ ls -d /usr/share/icons/*/places
/usr/share/icons/breeze-dark/places/
/usr/share/icons/breeze/places/
/usr/share/icons/Deepin-2013/places/
/usr/share/icons/Deepin-icons/places/
/usr/share/icons/Deepin/places/
/usr/share/icons/Deepin-sapphire/places/
/usr/share/icons/Faenza-Dark/places/

Original answer

The find command typically does what one needs when it comes to searching for files or directories. The command bellow will recursively descend into all directories under /usr/share/icons and list all directories that have places in their name.

find /usr/share/icons -type d -iname "*places*"

Sample output

$ find /usr/share/icons -type d -iname "*places*" | head -n 5
/usr/share/icons/Numix-Light/scalable/places
/usr/share/icons/Humanity/places
/usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mono-light/places
/usr/share/icons/Deepin-2013/places
/usr/share/icons/Human/48x48/places

EDIT

-printf "%h\n" allows finding the directory path under which a filename was found ; awk with field separator of / allows printing the last ( $NF ) item.

================
xieerqi:
$ find /usr/share/icons -maxdepth 2 -type d -iname "*places*"  -printf "%h\n"
/usr/share/icons/Humanity
/usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mono-light
/usr/share/icons/Deepin-2013
/usr/share/icons/Faenza-Dark
/usr/share/icons/ubuntu-mono-dark
/usr/share/icons/Deepin-icons
/usr/share/icons/Deepin-sapphire
/usr/share/icons/Deepin
/usr/share/icons/Humanity-Dark
/usr/share/icons/Faenza
/usr/share/icons/ubuntukylin-icon-theme
/usr/share/icons/unity-icon-theme

================
xieerqi:
$ find /usr/share/icons -maxdepth 2 -type d -iname "*places*"  -printf "%h\n" | awk -F '/' '{print $NF}'
Humanity
ubuntu-mono-light
Deepin-2013
Faenza-Dark
ubuntu-mono-dark
Deepin-icons
Deepin-sapphire
Deepin
Humanity-Dark
Faenza
ubuntukylin-icon-theme
unity-icon-theme


3-finger tap getting prematurely grabbed

I am not very sure if this will be helpful to you, but you can try to adapt the instructions of this question: Swapping the double and triple finger tap actions on trackpad. I hope it helps.


How can I keep something running but run other terminal commands?

The suggested (setsid, et al) are great if you're just firing something off and don't care about its longevity but in production you'd use a proper daemon system to monitor and respawn a server process. Ubuntu ships with Upstart so I'd look at writing an Upstart script.

Save something like this to somewhere like /etc/init/mynodeapp.conf:

description "My node.js app"

start on startup
stop on shutdown
respawn

exec sudo -u USER /usr/bin/node /var/www/my_app.js

Replace USER in the exec line with whatever user you want to be running, and make sure the path to the node binary is full and correct (which node will help confirm). If you're using a locally installed version, make sure it points there.

Once that's in order, sudo start mynodeapp will start it, sudo stop mynodeapp will stop it and various other upstart commands (restart, status, etc) will do whatever they are designed to do. If you don't want it to start on boot, just comment out the start line with a #.

That's how I'd do it in production.... You mention wanting to "return to the Node context"... That's a bit harder. Upstart and even the other process reparenting techniques all detach you from the process. There's usually no going back to the lit firework.

If you have an ongoing process that you need to tend to, it's probably your terminal session you want to look at changing. If I really needed what you're suggesting, I'd start looking at screen. This allows you to have multiple hanging terminals that you can detatch and reattach from and to respectively.

It's not a simple application to master but one that might be worth digging into:

http://www.gnu.org/software/screen/manual/screen.html


How to install openoffice? yes, I am total noob

Go to DEBS folder and execute sudo dpkg -i *.deb

This installs Openoffice in /opt by default.

To install the Desktop integreations go into the dekstop-integration folder and execute the same command as above.

For further details please see here.


Chromebook not booting Ubuntu versions (Bay Trail) (Acer CB3-531)

Unfortunately, the Boot Repair output is incomplete because that utility does not yet properly support eMMC and similar advanced SSD types, which show up in Linux with the /dev/mmcblk0 and related filenames rather than the traditional /dev/sda-style filenames. Thus, I'm still in the dark about some significant factors, such as exactly what EFI programs (with .efi extensions) are stored on the ESP (/boot/efi in Ubuntu).

That said, there is one very important clue about the cause of the problem in your Boot Info summary:

=================== efibootmgr -v
Timeout: 3 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0001
Boot0000* EFI eMMC Device   PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x17,0x0)/Msg(29,00)/Ctrl(0x0)
Boot0001* EFI Internal Shell MemoryMapped(11,0x830000,0xc0ffff)/FvFile(c57ad6b7-0515-40a8-9d21-551652854e37)

This shows no ubuntu entry. Normally, an installed Ubuntu will include an entry that points to EFI/ubuntu/shimx64.efi; however, this NVRAM entry is missing from your system. (The efibootmgr utility displays and manipulates the contents of the computer's NVRAM-based EFI boot manager entries.) Instead, the computer is booting the EFI eMMC Device by default. This is probably booting the EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi file, which I'm guessing is an incomplete or incorrect GRUB entry. There are at least three ways to fix this problem:

Create a proper NVRAM entry -- This should have been done by the Ubuntu installer, so it's possible that your computer's firmware is defective and is forgetting properly-created entries. OTOH, it's also possible that there was a problem during Ubuntu installation that prevented the installer from creating this entry. Thus, it's worth trying to do it manually. To do so, type sudo efibootmgr -c -d /dev/mmcblk0 -p 1 -l \\EFI\\ubuntu\\shimx64.efi -L ubuntu. If you then type sudo efibootmgr -v, you should see the new ubuntu entry, and when you reboot, it should boot into GRUB and show you a menu. If you get the same old behavior, and if sudo efibootmgr -v after you use your workaround to boot shows that the ubuntu entry has disappeared, then your firmware (or perhaps NVRAM hardware) is definitely defective. It might be worth looking for a firmware update from the manufacturer and trying again, or even returning the computer to the store for a refund if you're within the return period.
Use the fbx64.efi program -- This program is installed in some recent Ubuntu installations, but it doesn't do anything useful the way it's installed. To make it useful, follow these steps:

Type sudo mv /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT-backup to backup the existing EFI/BOOT directory on the ESP.
Type sudo mkdir /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT to create a new fallback directory on the ESP.
Type sudo cp /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/shimx64.efi /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi to copy Shim from the EFI/ubuntu directory on the ESP to EFI/BOOT, using the fallback filename (bootx64.efi) in its new location.
Type sudo cp /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/fbx64.efi /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT to copy fbx64.efi to the fallback directory (EFI/BOOT) on the ESP.
Create a text file called boot.txt in your home directory. It should be a single line that reads grubx64.efi,ubuntu,,This is the boot entry for ubuntu.
Type sudo iconv -t UCS-2 < ~/boot.txt > ~/BOOT.CSV. This converts the file you created into a form that the fbx64.efi file can read
Type sudo cp ~/BOOT.CSV /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu to copy BOOT.CSV to the EFI/ubuntu directory on the ESP.

The point of this procedure is that the fbx64.efi program, when run, scans every subdirectory of EFI on the ESP looking for files called BOOT.CSV. If found, it uses those files to regenerate an NVRAM entry for the boot loader(s) described in the BOOT.CSV file. When it's done, the first entry in the new boot order is run. Thus, if fbx64.efi is run as the fallback boot loader (which it will be when copied as in steps #1-4), and if you create a suitable BOOT.CSV file, Ubuntu's GRUB should launch from its normal location even if your NVRAM entries are routinely lost. This isn't as good as having a working EFI boot manager, but it's better than using the next option, with the caveat that this procedure is more tedious than the next one. One important caveat is that if the ESP has other BOOT.CSV files, one of them might end up first in the boot order, which could lead the process astray. Thus, if you have problems, you may want to search for such files and delete or rename them if you think they may be causing problems.
Use the fallback filename -- If the preceding approaches don't work, you can copy the working GRUB to get it to work as follows:

Type sudo mv /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT-backup to backup the existing EFI/BOOT directory on the ESP.
Type sudo cp -r /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT to put the working Ubuntu boot loader in the EFI/BOOT directory.
Type sudo mv /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT/shimx64.efi /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi to rename Shim to the fallback filename so that it will launch by default.

There is a danger in this third approach: If my diagnosis is wrong, or if shimx64.efi is missing or defective in the ESP's EFI/ubuntu directory, then this procedure will leave the computer unbootable. In this case, you'll need to use an emergency system to reverse that procedure to restore the system to its current semi-working state. Also, the third approach will leave you running the currently-installed Shim and GRUB forever, unless you intervene manually; you will not get updates installed through the Ubuntu package manager. For these reasons, getting the NVRAM entries in order via the first approach is the preferable solution -- but given the nature of your problem, I'm not hopeful that this will be possible.

If you're experimenting with different distributions, be aware that each installation is likely to require its own grub.cfg file in the same directory as Shim and GRUB (EFI/ubuntu or EFI/BOOT on the ESP). Thus, at a minimum, you'll need to move grub.cfg if you install a new distribution if you use the third fix. You may need to completely redo that third fix if you install an unrelated distribution.


Which Gmail notification app will work with 14.04?

Mail Notification app works for me.

  mail-notification works with system trays implementing the freedesktop.org System Tray Specification, such as the GNOME Panel Notification Area, the xfce4 Notification Area and the KDE System Tray.

I have tried unity-mail also, but no notifies at all. Tried with different accounts.


Ubuntu Software is not installing or updating anything. (16.04.1)

First, fix your dependencies. To do this, open a terminal and enter this command:

sudo apt-get install -f

After that, update your software:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Don't use the application Ubuntu Software. The scientific term for it is "complete and utter garbage with tons of bugs which doesn't work 90% of the time and shouldn't be used by anyone for any purpose whatsoever". If you want to use a graphical interface, use Ubuntu Software Center. You can install it with this command:

sudo apt-get install software-center

It's a bit slower but it works and gets the job done.

If you want to install a Debian package, you can either open it with Ubuntu Software Center or you can install it on the command line (assuming the package is in your downloads folder):

sudo apt-get install ~/Downloads/thepackage.deb

Note that you probably can install the Debian package directly from the repos without first downloading it. If your Debian package is called Awesome-Application_1.37_amd64.deb, try this command:

sudo apt-get install awesome-application

It either finds something with that name or tells you that it can't find it. In the latter case, execute the command mentioned two above to install the package you downloaded.


Explain: eval `dircolors /path/to/dircolorsdb`

It is simple. dircolors set colour for ls. In the above mentioned link there are few predefined colour scheme for ls.

when you run the following command in terminal

eval `dircolors /path/to/dircolorsdb`

The stored database is loaded and ls output colors changes accordingly. If you close the existing terminal it will not be available anymore. To make the change permanent.

  Create a file ~/.dir_colors
  Copy the color database file (that you want to apply) in it.
  Add the following command at the end of ~/.bashrc.

eval `dircolors ~/.dir_colors`

  Source ~/.bashrc using the command in terminal

source ~/.bashrc

It will activate the theme for all future shell sessions.

Note:  There are some additional instructions for 256-color Solarized Themes. Go through the Readme before you go for it.


Installing ubuntu on an old HP [Missing BootManager]

General installation process:

Plug in the USB-stick.
Boot the computer.
Check BIOS settings. Make sure to set the computer to boot from USB flash stick. I usually press the [del] key. It may be different for other computers.
If the computer boots up to the installation medium, then you are on your way.

Since you mentioned this is an old computer, did you check if the computer meets the minimum system requirements? I'm asking because ubuntu comes with a lot of flavors/versions. The official unity-based ubuntu is a bit resource-heavy. You may want to check out lubuntu or xubuntu, although I'm not too familiar with these.

Many linux installers also act as live CDs. You can try running the system without actually installing it first. This allows you to check if your hardware is supported or not.


What are the FOSS solutions for partition merging?

Don't merge, Use MD to create a linear volume to simply concatenate the two partitions. This assumes you've backed up all the data on those partitions, wiped them out, marked them as fs type fd, and delegated them to mdadm. Partition Magic can probably perform the merge too and has support for ext filesystems.


Tried to change Xubuntu theme, but font looks weird (gtk3)

I think I understand your issue.

I downloaded Nordic.tar.xz from https://www.xfce-look.org/p/1267246/ and copied the Nordic folder over to ~/.themes.

Now, you need to do two things:

First, open Appearances and select Nordic. Doing this will make your gtk2 and gtk3 applications use Nordic for things like the menu bar, menu dropdowns, child and dialogue windows, and scrollbars.
But, as you've seen, the appearance of text in your title bar and of other elements in the title bar such as the minimize, maximize, and close buttons will not change. They will obey the theme currently being used by XFCE's xfwm4 window manager. To use Nordic's window manager theme (in ~/.config/themes/Nordic/xfwm4) , open Window Manager and again select Nordic.

To illustrate, this image shows the Nordic theme for the GTK aspect but the Greybird theme for the window manager:

This next image uses Nordic for both:

In short, Xubuntu allows you to use the GTK theme from one theme and the window manager theme from something else. But, for consistency, it maybe appropriate to use all the theme components from one theme.


How can I sync my Ubuntu One music to an mp3 player?

Here is my solution:
Placed the following autorun script in the root directory of my mp3 player, and run it when I plug it in.

#!/bin/bash

# sync Ubuntu One music
rsync -avz -stats --ignore-existing ~/.ubuntuone/Purchased\ from\ Ubuntu\ One/ MUSIC/Ubuntu\ One


How do I configure Ubuntu 11.04 and Windows 7 network?


Any form of VoIP application be it skype or ekiga or twinklephone has security implications and is vulnerable to privacy breach. Since the likes of ekiga use SIP and is opensource, the threats are well documented  experts can easily come up with ways to plug the holes. Skype uses proprietary protocols, so its pretty much up to them to discover vulnerabilties and inform their users. Ive personally used skype and like it, and there is no reason why you wouldn't but if there is an option its better to use open protocol based software.


To open the port 5432 edit your /etc/postgresql/9.1/main/postgresql.conf and change

listen_addresses='localhost'

to

listen_addresses='*'

and restart your DBMS

invoke-rc.d postgresql restart

now you can connect with

$ psql -h hostname -U username -d database

if you are unable to authentify yourself, then you need to give your user access rights to your database

Edit your

/etc/postgresql/9.1/main/pg_hba.conf

and add

host all all all md5

(This is for a wide open access. For stricter control, consult the pg_hba.conf documentation and adjust according to your needs).

Hereafter you need also a reload

invoke-rc.d postgresql reload

I don't need to mention that this is a basic configuration, now you should think about modify your firewall and improve the security of your DBMS.


Can't connect to Linksys E1200 router in Ubuntu 18.04

What address are you being assigned? Show the output
ip address

Selected the “Automatically connect to this network when it is available” in the “General” tab?
Most routers can be reached with 192.168.1.1, 192.168.0.1 using a web browser. Even your phone. Default settings on routers are to assign each devices its own IP address (DHCP) So once you plug in a PC, within seconds and IP address gets assigned 192.168.1.5
If router doesn't assigned address then, acting on its APIPA protocol, it will assign itself the 169.254.0.0 IP. Basically not talking to eachother.

Reboot everything, better yet, turn off, unplug from wall, wait 1 min then start up.
replace cable and inspect connectors (black char marks could be lightning damage)
inspect ethernet ports for bent pins, debris, anything not right
try with a different ethernet connection: USB dongle, PCI card, PCIe, wifi
try a different Live distro. Ubuntu 16.04 or 20.04


Dual boot ubuntu and windows 10? No operating system found

Edit your OS old Debian enter command sudo nano /etc/apt/config/debian.conf/ha.c/
sudo nano /etc/apt/config/debian.conf/ha.c/

and you entered user interface nano.
gnu nano 2.x       file: /etc/apt/config/debian.conf/ha.c/
     set-debian_gayo_security= yes
     set-roots-debian_gayo_security https://www.debian.org// stable-security roots= yes
     set-roots_gayo_Security= yes
     [dvd debian //official amd64 -x64 roots debian 10.0 amd commands]
     danisy@gayo_root:/etc/apt/roots/config/debian/apandu#~ !! echo !!

Now you enter debians configure password interface for install dev -c -p -v -b -b zoid for login and video session......
configuration packages    file: /etc/apt/zoid/zoid-installer_zoom.tar.gz/
password: *****************************
tips: for new password enter m-x ctrl-] functions...

Now you install Php my admin with zoom video conferences with command sudo nano /etc/zoom/config/doc/install/debian.conf/
sudo nano /etc/zoom/apt/config/doc/install/debian.conf/
gnu nano 17.x   file: /etc/zoom/apt/config/doc/install/debian.conf/
install php my admin with zoom 20.3.x <roots_Settings_roots_programs_debian_org_php_packages> roots

Boot your Linux Ubuntu and you save installation files and ok
Ubuntu after config zoom for Linux:

Editor nano:


The SSH protocol is described in excruciating detail in a series of five RFCs:

http://www.snailbook.com/protocols.html

The authentication protocol is RFC 4252 (http://www.snailbook.com/docs/userauth.txt).

If you're interested in seeing what SSH is sending back and forth, you can run it with the -v parameter to see what it's doing.


How do I report a bug against Ubuntu.com (the Ubuntu website)

The ubuntu-website project on Launchpad is the right place. Their remit covers all the Ubuntu.* domain websites.
Whether or not you get any answers is another question. I suggest you post the bug there first and then follow the tip on the contact us page, and contact the webmasters:

Web feedback
If you have suggestions or corrections
for ubuntu.com or canonical.com, email
us at webmaster@ubuntu.com or
webmaster@canonical.com.

Edit: I just had a little rummage around. I saw one of your bugs there and if I did triage there I would close that bug. You're using a beta browser. The footer works just fine in Firefox 3.6 and the latest chromium. The bug is therefore most likely in Firefox and you should report it to Mozilla, not Ubuntu.


wget http://torrage.com/torrent/57CB57A8D0BC355B28A850CA6707365CBACBBD4C.torrent -O test.gz  && gunzip test.gz
more test.gz

  result

d8:announce23:udp://tracker.ccc.de:8013:announce-listll23:udp://tracker.ccc.de:8
0el26:udp://tracker.istole.it:80el3

rest deleted since most of the content seems not to be allowed ;)
The file you downloaded is zipped. gunzip does not unzip .torrent so I added a -O and a gunzip

How about these 4 commands for all files:

cd /path/to/
wget -i file_of_torrents.txt
rename.ul torrent torrent.gz *.torrent
gunzip *.gz

Just make sure you work in an empty directory (otherwise files might get renamed or gunzipped that are not intended to).


Photorec : No file found in a full 64GB SD card. What to do?

Try some of these Linux tool (apt install them on Ubuntu):

gddrescue
myrescue
safecopy


Layers Dockable in Gimp Install not available via Window pull-down menu

Yes, all the docks do not appear in the main window by default. You have to go to Windows option (in the topbar) when GIMP is opened and in focus. Then hover on Dockable Dialogs. Select the dialog you want to appear, and it will.


Unable to install FAHControl on Ubuntu 20.04

The Python 2 is now deprecated, so its parts got removed from Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.
But the python-gtk2 may be downloaded manually by:
cd ~/Downloads
wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/p/pygtk/python-
gtk2_2.24.0-6_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./python-gtk2_2.24.0-6_amd64.deb

and then proceed with installation of fahcontrol.


Unable to make pendrive bootable using UNetbootin

If you already have the ISO downloaded, you can try using "dd" instead.

Open up a terminal and type

sudo dd if=/path/to/iso of=/dev/sdc


How to change the recorded date of a video?

Select one or more photos and/or videos
From the Photos menu, select adjust date/time

Note that if you have metadata writing on, Shotwell will write the change to photo file formats that it can support.  (Video files and RAW images will NOT be affected.)

Also since you didn't say which version of Shotwell you're using, I should point out that adjusting the date and time of a video was added in Shotwell 0.10.


The project you're snapping doesn't contain a setup.py or any sort of build system, so Snapcraft doesn't know what you want installed. You can either use setuptools and add a setup.py to your project, or keep it the way it is and tell Snapcraft exactly what you want to install, like so (note the use of the the install keyword):

name: phockup
version: '1.2.0'
summary: Photo and video sorting tool
description: |
  Media sorting and backup tool to organize photos and videos from your camera in folders by year, month and day.
  The software will collect all files from the input directory and transfer them to the output directory without
  changing the files content. It will only rename the files and place them in the proper directory for the year, month and day.
grade: devel
confinement: devmode

apps:
  phockup:
    command: phockup

parts:
  phockup:
    plugin: python
    source: https://github.com/ivandokov/phockup.git
    source-tag: v1.2.0
    install: |
      mkdir -p $SNAPCRAFT_PART_INSTALL/bin
      cp phockup.py $SNAPCRAFT_PART_INSTALL/bin/phockup


How to Install Scribus 1.5.3/4 on Ubuntu 18

Please see https://code.launchpad.net/~scribus/+archive/ubuntu/ppa.

Follow the instructions for adding the PPA to your system and install scribus-ng  (the latest Scribus development release) or scribus-trunk (the newest code as being committed by the team).

If you have further needs for support, please specify where you're stuck and I'll extend my reply with more information...


How to enable both eth0 and wwan0 in Ubuntu?

Fixed:

In the file /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf:

[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile
dns=dnsmasq

no-auto-default=00:0C:29:90:24:0F,00:0C:29:2E:C8:2C,

[ifupdown]
managed=false  ---> true

where false means that network-manager doesn't manage the interfaces located in the file /etc/network/interfaces.

And added the below in /etc/rc.local file,

ifconfig wwano up
ifconfig eth0 up


Disabled Secure Boot and Enabled UEFI for dual-boot on Acer?

Yes I found one answer  that worked for me on my ACER. You have to set a bios password in you  bios menus then you can disable the secure boot and keep uefi... Then you have to run boot repair and follow the instructions....


Ubuntu on developer mode of Toshiba CB35-B3340 Chromebook 2

Yes! I'm very satisfied with Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS on my Toshiba CB35-B3340 Chromebook 2, installed via crouton. I've been using it regularly for a couple months. I produce my podcast with it. I agree with Wade that 16GB is a little cramped.  I bought a 128GB SD this week. Now I can store my media locally. Ubuntu prompts me for a password to mount it, even though it's already mounted, whenever I return from ChromeOS. All I have to do is close the dialog, though. Minor annoyance.
It's also inconvenient that there is no native (free) Linux Drive client. I work around that by using Dropbox for all my cloud storage needs that the Chromium browser Google Drive app lacks (e.g. mounting the local copy so I can manipulate files from the OS).
I don't have all keys working yet.


Volume Mixer notifcation sound on volume change xubuntu

Using UbuntuGnome I can find it in the gnome-control-center choosing the audio settings and the register Sound Effects. Be sure to have them enabled as well a s their volume should not be set to 0.


How can I efficiently format my Ubuntu Live USB to a FAT32 partition?

I encountered this a few times myself.

You can fix this like you were doing:

Open GParted
Click past the warning, I think you need to click "Nee" (no) or if you click Yes, click "Negeren"
Disk (Schijf) -> Create partition table (Partitietabel aanmaken)
Select MS-DOS
Click create / OK

If you don't want to reboot, you can try closing GParted and then unmounting the partition:

sudo umount /dev/sdc

If you remount it, it should be fine (if not, you still need to reboot):

sudo mount /dev/sdc


Ubuntu Update Manager Shows 737 Updates. What do I do?

One thing you can try is in the command line run

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Unsure based on the details in your post if you have attempted it, but give this a try to get past this 700 updates problem.


Removed repository still being showed in synaptic origin section

I believe this is by design. The origin section allows you to view packages by repository (origin).

Source: http://www.howtogeek.com/118665/10-package-management-operations-you-need-synaptic-for-on-ubuntu/

Just because you are no longer using it doesn't mean it doesn't exist....


I'm using matplotlib and other scipy packages like ipython and numpy In Ubuntu 15.04. I've them installed from the Ubuntu repositories. May be you should install python-matplotlib with apt-get

Have you tried to run:
sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install python-matplotlib


On simply booting an Ubuntu live session from USB our hard-drives will not be touched. We can only read or write to them after they were mounted to the live Ubuntu system. If Windows was hibernated we should however not try to write to any existing Windows partitions to avoid data loss.

Unlike with default Windows tools GParted is able to inspect, and also to change all partitions that reside on our hard drives. This also includes all hidden partitions that were not meant to be used like e.g. custom hibernate partitions, recovery partitions, or other system partitions. In case these partitions were not labeled they will just be numbered according to our device naming specifications.

Therefore it appears that the partition you will only see when booting Ubuntu was created from Windows (note that it is NTFS-formatted), and it is used there for purposes we can not tell for sure. Sometimes mounting such a partition to our live Ubuntu may reveal their file content for further clues on their purpose.

  In summary: don't worry - the Ubuntu live session won't touch your hard drives unless you explicitely tell it to do so.


Language Support in 18.04 not working org.freedesktop.PolicyKitError.Failed

I had same problem on Ubuntu 18.04 after installing xfce4.

The problem was that no PolicyKit Authentication Agent was installed - or at least not one that xfce recognised.

The solution is to install one:

$ sudo apt install policykit-1-gnome

That's it.

.

That installed the package: /usr/lib/policykit-1-gnome/polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1.

It seemed to update the autostart list.

It was necessary to restart. Because running the file from terminal didn't work. Someone had written somewhere to run it from an xterm. I had run it from the terminal emulator that comes default in Ubuntu and is still default after installing xfce: gnome terminal.

There is such a thing as 'xfce-polkit' and 'xfce-polkit-git'.

But Debian reports, in it's account of the package policykit-1-gnome, that xfce still uses the gnome polkit agent:

  This implementation was originally designed for GNOME 2, but most
  GNOME-based desktop environments, including GNOME 3, GNOME Flashback,
  and MATE, have their own built-in PolicyKit agents and no longer use
  this one. The remaining users of this implementation are Cinnamon,
  XFCE and Unity.

Other accounts of this problem:

http://lovingthepenguin.blogspot.com/2016/10/fixing-packagekit-authentication-in.html
https://fransdejonge.com/2017/01/fix-no-gksudo-permissions-prompt-on-gparted-synaptic-mounting-drives-etc-in-debian/


cpan installer fails with “Cannot find pkg-config command.”

By default pkg-config is installed in the desktop but not in the server version of Ubuntu. That's because you are less likely compiling stuff that needs pkg-config on a server and most of its dependencies are installed on the desktop anyway but not on a server.

It's used in 16.04, too. If you need it on your server you can just install it.


Done it :)

That was fun :D

prerequisites: vlc must already be running
fifo file must exist
The below will set this up:

mkfifo /tmp/vlcfifo
chmod a+rw /tmp/vlcfifo
tail -f /tmp/vlcfifo | nohup vlc --intf rc &

in the php file:

<?php
passthru('echo "add /path/to/video.avi" | tee /tmp/vlcfifo');
?>

Give that a try :)


It is searching the internet (via previously downloaded package lists). The package android-tools-fastboot is not available for 12.04 via the official repositories. Use the Phablet Tools PPA instead.

What are PPAs and how do I use them?


What is Ubuntu's policy on keeping old kernels

Ubuntu used to keep the old kernels around for safety reasons, however it should be autocleaning old kernels now.

The system should be auto cleaning old kernels per this bug:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/apt/+bug/923876

So you might want to ensure that your system is up to date and that you have apt (0.9.7.5ubuntu5.5) installed. If you're still getting the wrong behavior then please report a bug on the apt package.

This is also useful if you want to clean up stuff:

How do I remove old kernel versions to clean up the boot menu?

You don't need to manually purge each kernel package, doing a sudo apt-get autoremove every once in a while  will remove kernels you don't need anymore. However finding the root cause as to why your system isn't autocleaning old kernels is probably easier.


Need a Firefox 2.0 download link (working)

Mozilla's own ftp
Filewatcher.com has a tar.gz

I downloaded both but did -not- install them :)
If you need more please leave a comment!

But you are wrong I think. webex works with FF3 and FF4 too.
From the webex website requirements:

32-bit Ubuntu 10.x, 32-bit Fedora 12/13,
32-bit Red Hat 5, 32-bit OpenSuSE 11.2/11.3
Firefox 3.x
Mozilla 1.7
JavaScript and cookies enabled
Requires Sun Java 5 or higher
No support for Remote Access
At least 512 MB RAM


HP PAVILION DV7 Oveheating and loud fan running Ubuntu 16.04

It looks like wrong driver woking in background.

1) make sure you have all the required drivers.

sudo ubuntu-drivers devices

Cross verify that required drivers are installed and visible in system > Additional Drivers.

If you failed to find Intel HD or  AMD Radeon drivers follow these articles:

https://www.techzim.co.zw/2017/06/tuning-intel-graphics-card-ubuntu-16-04/

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RadeonDriver

2) In windows, it switches automatically between  between Intel HD and AMD Radeon. But in Ubuntu, user have to manually select them as per their requirement (In system > Additional Drivers)and need to reboot the system.

AMD Radeon is a powerful graphic card but don't save power and causes system heat problem. I will suggest you to keep in  Intel HD.

Intel HD is powerful enough to handle any thing. Only change to AMD Radeon if you need powerful graphic card support like for software 3D modeling or graphic designing or heavy graphic supported gaming.

While using AMD Radeon, to avoid overheating problem, you have to manually optimize system clock speed according to your system. See this below article:

Change AMD Radeon GPU Core/Memory Clock Frequency

You may also require hot air exhaust to handle system heating.


TP-LINK TL-WN823N Unable to connect to network

You need to install a driver. You can do it this way.

Disable Secure Boot in UEFI, if UEFI is used in your computer.

Run in terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt update
sudo apt install rtl8192eu-dkms

Reboot and insert the dongle.

I packed and patched for kernel 4.4 the latest Realtek driver from Tp-Link site. It supports also many other 8192eu dongles.

You can also directly download this package without adding the PPA. The package can be downloaded from this link. It will be available until I upload a newer version.

You can find all packages HERE

You will also need to install dkms if it is not already installed.


Removing python from your system is something you not want to do, as many of Ubuntu's commands and tools depend on it. So you most likely will render your system unusable. But to come back to your actual question about removing the user pip3 directory, the answer simply is:

rm -r ~/.local/bin/pip3

As stated from me before you do this whole python removal on your system on your own risk, so not say you haven't be warned.


How do I prevent immediate wake up from suspend (version II)?

Well, sd 0:0:1:0 is most likely a USB drive which doesn't play nicely with suspend. Just remove it when you're not using it.


Errors executing Visual Studio Code in 14.04

It expects an X server to run with. You can't run that headless. I guess you want to edit something on gui.
You can do this over FTP/Samba/SCP, edit on your PC and transfer it back to the server.


find list of installed device drivers ubuntu

Linux (and Ubuntu as well) doesn't have separate entity as "device drivers", Linux has kernel modules which could be called "drivers" for real or virtual hardware depending on their functionality.

Use lsmod or cat /proc/modules to see list of loaded kernel modules. Also you can see list of all available (installed) kernel modules in system using:

ls -R /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/


Qt doesn't make sockets accessible through QML. It provides only "WebSockets" there.

So, the options are:

use WebSockets
get sockets from qml-sockets project and bundle it with your application
work with sockets only in the C++ part of the application


How can i fix this terminal error for lapack and fftw3f?

For me it seems that you need to install some development packages with headers:

sudo apt-get install liblapack-dev libfftw3-dev

I found this packages with search on https://packages.ubuntu.com.


Error installing gnuplot: undefined reference to `luaL_checkint'

I incur the same problem as you.

It appears that the gnuplot-5.0.1 is not Lua 5.3-compatible. It uses luaL_checkint, but Lua 5.3 is using luaL_checkinteger. You need to update the Gnuplot-5.0.1 file term/lua.trm as follows:

254       //t_num = luaL_checkint(L, 1);
255       t_num = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
…
289       //t_num = luaL_checkint(L, 1);
290       t_num = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);

Then, make and make install. It's OK in my Ubuntu 14.04


The problem depends on the input that's assigned to $hdd. If you enter something like sda1 (with partition number), the script works. But it appears you expect input like sda (without partition number). In the latter case, $prim contains the names of each partition, separated by a new line, so it will never be an exact match for /. You also cannot use =~ to search for substrings because every partition, except [swap], will include /.
You can try splitting $prim, and checking each part:
quit=0
for part in $prim ; do
    if [[ "$part" == "/" ]] ; then
        quit=1
    fi
done

if [[ $quit == '1' ]] ; then
    echo "error!! $hdd is the primary disk, can't operate on that disk"
else
    # ...
fi


How do I ensure that all of my drives are mounted when I boot up?

For the partition to be mounted during boot you need to add a line to /etc/fstab file, like this:

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
proc            /proc           proc    defaults        0       0
# /dev/sda3
UUID=b2d904e2-139c-498f-b076-d3a05a02902b /            ext4    relatime,errors=remount-ro 0       1
/dev/scd0       /media/cdrom0   udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec,utf8 0       0
/dev/sdb1       /mnt/disk       ext4    relatime,errors=remount-ro      0       1

the last line mounts /dev/sdb1 partition into /mnt/disk directory (which you will need to create manually first).

See man fstab for more details.


How to change the "Alternative switch to next source"

Finally I found the option. I had to install Tweaks and go to

Keyboard and mouse > Additional layout options > switching to another layout

The strange thing is that there is that the default shortcut super+space was not selected in that window, only the alternative shortcut.


Here's the thing about the Windows bootloader. It was designed to do one thing and one thing only, boot windows. Therefore it will by default expect an NTFS filesystem with one of a handful of Windows boot files on it (NTLDR, bootmgr, winload.exe, etc). Obviously Ubuntu will not have any of these files, furthur it will be on a filesystem bootmgr can't even read.

Sadly, what you're asking for is unrealistic, if not impossible.


How to show only specific directory to FTP user

For vsftpd (“Very Secure File Transfer Protocol Daemon”), the configuration is exceedingly simple:
sudo apt-get install vsftpd

then:
sudo nano /etc/vsftpd.conf

ensure you have the following parameters set right:
# Depending on the version you're running, you might want to set the following
# parameter to YES
# (if affected by https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/vsftpd/+bug/1313450)
listen=YES
# to allow local users to log on:
local_enable=YES
#if you want write access too:
write_enable=YES
# Set anonymous user directory to /srv/ftp (no default)
anon_root=/srv/ftp
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

# following for debugging purposes (to ensure you're on the right server)
ftpd_banner=Welcome to Aravind's FTP service.

# Now restrict users to their home directories:
chroot_local_user=YES
allow_writeable_chroot=YES

And now, if you want to set a particular user to a particular directory, just create a user with a particular directory:
sudo adduser ftpuser --home /usr/local/example

To test:
Go to a terminal on the machine running vsftpd and type: ftp 127.0.0.1 and if you're greeted by your own banner, vsftpd works!
Then test on the same machine to its public address: ftp 1.2.3.4 and finally from a remote machine to the public address.  If something goes wrong with the public addresses, check your firewall settings.
Additional notes:
If you don't want the user to log on, add the --shell /bin/false parameter to the adduser command.
You might also want to delete all the directories/files (Desktop, Pictures, ... that the adduser created if you don't want them there...
Done!


How safe is it to transfer sensitive information over Tor Browser Bundle on a restricted network?

Tor should protect you from your local network, if that's what you're worried about.

The problem with Tor is the exit node (whose traffic could be sniffed) but that's hard to predict or manipulate (unless you're the NSA). If you're using SSL over Tor, that's even better.

Personally, I'd opt to just SSH to a server of mine and use its OpenSSH's built in SOCKS proxy.

ssh -D 9090 user@server

Then you can set your browser's proxy (remember it has to be a SOCKS proxy, not HTTP - that won't work) to localhost:9090 and boom, your traffic is fully encrypted all the way out to the server.

Pro: To your local network it'll also look like standard encrypted SSH traffic. Much less suspicious than Tor traffic.
Pro: It should be faster. There's less of the deliberate snaking that Tor encourages and server bandwidth is usually pretty great. This should keep things buzzing along.
Meh: The endpoint (where you server sits) is still vulnerable but if it's yours, you should know the network more than you'll know the network of a Tor node.
Con: It's not anonymous. Your server? Your IP. Not yours? Keeps a log of you connecting.


After following this tutorial and facing the reported problem, I googled it and realised that I had forgot to create a symbolic link.

sudo ln -s /opt/sublime/sublime_text /usr/bin/subl

Now the problem is solved :)


Double-click not working and double-click speed setting missing - Ubuntu 18.04

Open Settings and click on the left bar Universal Acess.
In the bottom you will find Double-Click delay


how can I get ubuntu 15.04 to boot up with my Nvidia geforce 960 GPU

Try to install an nvidia driver from the official repos (instead of the ppa), for example using the Additional Drivers application, while your Nvidia card is not connected.

If that doesn't work, and assuming that your CPU has a built-in GPU, I suggest you remove all driver-related ppas and nvidia drivers first. Add the following lines to a new file, for example disablenouveau.conf, in /etc/modprobe.d/:

blacklist nouveau
blacklist lbm-nouveau
alias nouveau off
alias lbm-nouveau off

save, and then run

sudo update-initramfs -u

Also add nouveau.modeset=0 to your /etc/default/grub in the kernel parameters line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nouveau.modeset=0"

and run sudo update-grub. You could also do this directly in the grub boot screen if you need to, as explained in How do I add a kernel boot parameter?.

Shutdown, re-install your graphics card and then boot the machine. This time, the system should start using default Intel/radeon/amdgpu drivers depending on what CPU you have. Now install the latest nvidia driver available in the Additional Drivers dialog. Such a process had fixed my issue with an Intel Core i7 Haswell and Nvidia GTX 860M.


How can I enable history completion by program in terminator as guake has it?

If you use bash, you can add the following to your ~/.inputrc

"\e[A": history-search-backward
"\e[B": history-search-forward

If you use zsh, you can add the following to your ~/.zshrc

bindkey "^[[A" history-search-backward
bindkey "^[[B" history-search-forward


Sadly, you cannot do this with Dolphin and Oxygen.

IIRC, Dolphin does not support showing special icons for these folders. It does support previews and tags however, but that's probably all you will get.


Can't boot Ubuntu from live USB on HP Spectre x360

Some solutions:

Try making the BIOS settings go to default. Usually there is an option that says "revert settings" or even "set to optimized bios settings" or "revert to default." Maybe you made a mistake when you were changing BIOS settings. Depending on your BIOS you can actually open a page that lets you choose what drive you want to boot from instead of going to the main menu. Typically this is F12.
Plugin the USB drive into a different port?
Try to reinstall the live USB.


mount: can't find /home/paatubo/Desktop/vmshare in /etc/fstab

You need to specify the source folder on your mount command. I assume in this case it will be:

sudo mount -t vboxsf **[shared folder on vmbox]** /home/paatubo/Desktop/vmshare/


Evince requires some dvi libraries that are provided by the texlive-binaries and texlive-common packages. The same problem occurs if you manually install a newer texlive release. Evince will not like the libraries provided unless they are in the standard location. (Or you will have to install evince manually as well)


Ubuntu 20.04 laptop screen problems -- birghtness can not be changed anymore

I had the same issue with my Tuxedo laptop (slightly different model by Clevo).
I just found that the syntax for enable_dpcd_backlight changed with the kernel version used in 20.04 (see here).
Just change the corresponding line in /etc/modprobe.d/tuxedo-i915.conf to
options i915 enable_dpcd_backlight=1 and reboot.


Installing Latex Packages in TexLive/TexStudio

If understand you correctly, you need single file bbm.sty - it is located in texlive-fonts-extra package.

Install it with:

sudo apt-get install texlive-fonts-extra

and then compile your TeX document.


Disk space full not changing after mount folder on other disk

The new mountpoint is shadowing the old path, making it invisible, but still present on disk. What you need to do is unmount /home/user/mydata:

sudo umount /home/user/mydata

mount it on another path:

sudo mount /dev/sdc1 </mnt/somewhere>

move whatever data you need from /home/user/mydata to the temporarily mounted path.

Then delete the remaining files:

rm -fr /home/user/mydata/*

Verify that the space is freed, then remount:

sudo mount -a


How can I copy the path to the currently opened file in gedit to the clipboard?

Script to copy the path of a file, opened in gedit

With the gedit window in front, the small script below derives the path from the (gedit) window's name, and copies it to the clipboard.

The script has two options:

Only copy the path to the file's directory, running the script with the option

-path

or
Copy the path including the file name, running the script with the option

-file

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import sys

name = subprocess.check_output(["xdotool", "getactivewindow", "getwindowname"]).decode("utf-8").strip()
if all(["(" in name, ")" in name]):
    path = name[name.find("(")+1:name.find(")")]
    if sys.argv[1] == "-file":
        fname = name[:name.find("(")]
    elif sys.argv[1] == "-path":
        fname = ""
    command = "echo "+'"'+path+"/"+fname+'"'+" | xclip -selection clipboard"
    subprocess.Popen(["/bin/bash", "-c", command])

How to use

Install both xdotool and xclip:

sudo apt-get install xdotool xclip

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as get_path.py
Test run the script:

open an existing gedit file
open a terminal window, run the command:

sleep 5 && python3 /path/to/get_path.py -file

immediately switch to the gedit window, to make the last part of tyhe command run with the gedit window in front.
Press Ctrl+V somewhere to paste the just copied path.

If all works fine, you can make the options available in two ways:

Create two shortcut keys for both options: choose: System Settings > "Keyboard" > "Shortcuts" > "Custom Shortcuts". Click the "+" and add both commands to two different shortcuts.
Make both options available in the gedit launcher:

Copy the content below into an empty file, save it as gedit.desktop in ~/.local/share/applications

[Desktop Entry]
Name=gedit
GenericName=Text Editor
Comment=Edit text files
Exec=gedit %U
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
MimeType=text/plain;
Icon=accessories-text-editor
Categories=GNOME;GTK;Utility;TextEditor;
X-GNOME-DocPath=gedit/gedit.xml
X-GNOME-FullName=Text Editor
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Bugzilla=GNOME
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Product=gedit
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Component=general
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Version=3.10.4
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-ExtraInfoScript=/usr/share/gedit/gedit-bugreport
Actions=Window;Document;divider1;Copy current file's directory;Copy path+file name;

Keywords=Text;Editor;Plaintext;Write;
X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=gedit

[Desktop Action Window]
Name=Open a New Window
Exec=gedit --new-window
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

[Desktop Action Document]
Name=Open a New Document
Exec=gedit --new-document
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

[Desktop Action Copy current file's directory]
Name=Copy current directory
Exec=python3 /path/to/get_path.py -path
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

[Desktop Action divider1]
Name=.....................................
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

[Desktop Action Copy path+file name]
Name=Copy current directory, include file name
Exec=python3 /path/to/get_path.py -file
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

In both lines:

Exec=python3 /path/to/get_path.py -path

and

Exec=python3 /path/to/get_path.py -file

replace /path/to/get_path.py by the real path to the script.

Log out and back in to make Unity "switch" to the new, local .desktop file.

Explanation

In the gedit window name, the path is displayed between ( and ). The script simply sees the frontmost window with the help of xdotool, then reads the path between those two characters.

Notes

Since the path is read in a textual way, the script will fail if the file's name includes other () characters.

Examples

With the following window in front:

the first option will copy to the clipboard the path to the file:

~/Bureaublad

while the second option includes the file itself:

~/Bureaublad/some test file.txt

As you can see, spaces are taken care of :).


Install dconf-tools.
Open dconf-editor. Go through the tree org.pantheon.cerbere.
Remove "pantheon-wallpaper" if present and add 'nautilus -n', 'gala' if its missing.
Now right click, set as background etc should work.

Also, open from terminal: switchboard . Full settings should work now.

In my case the half setting issue is there as well as the log out, shut down etc options are not working! Also, the options are blurred!


The only solution right now is to use an external mouse. (May be outdated?)

I currently have the same problem with my Asus X450CC, and sadly have not been able to find a solution yet.

Other users with X550CA / X550LC seem to have the same problem too.

Someone filed
launchpad bug 1314198: [Asus X550LC] Touchpad not Recognized in ubuntu 14.04 Edi,
and you can subscribe to it to be notified when something new on this issue is posted.

The interesting comment on the bug is #31:

  [...]
  In the mean time, I can provide a workaround which should make the
  touchpad work in ps/2 mouse emulation mode (so no 2 finger scrolling,
  etc.), and stop it from interfering with an external mouse.

  Sounds good? Try booting with "psmouse.proto=bare" on the kernel
  cmdline.

  See: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/KernelBootParameters for how to
  add a parameter to the kernel commandline.


How to Dual Boot Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and Windows 8?

Your E: and F: are free of 109GB so, split any of one partition into two partitions on windows (can be done by partition manager in windows (+),  free edition of AOMEI partition assistant :http://www.disk-partition.com/download-home.html) or by Gparted Live CD.
(+) when using partition manager, you need to make sure your HDD is defragmented!

Leave new partition unformatted. Then reboot and insert Linux DVD or USB (+) (burned from iso)
and choose Something else option.
(+) recommend Rufus :http://rufus.akeo.ie

Then choose unformatted partition on which you want to install Ubuntu. Create new of Ext4 file-system and mount point '/'
Be sure to specify the size ... say 20000mb and set to primary partition

Then Ubuntu will be installed on that partition be sure boot loader is in /dev/sda

For selection swap area use any remaining partition remaining partition and set it to logical partition, and split into two (split any one and create further 2GB is enough, but recommend double your computer's ram) format it as swap area '/SWAP'

Remaining partition should be set to FAT32 with mount point '/Windows'.  This partition allows files to be accessed by BOTH operating systems.

After installing Ubuntu you can select between Ubuntu and Windows to boot at GRUB menu.


Unable to boot Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS after installation

The following worked for me after hours of trying other numerous other fixes such as various ways of verifying media, verifying ISO, disabling secure boot and various setting changes when creating bootable media.

Change boot settings from UEFI to CSM.
Install Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS.
Connect to internet and update Ubuntu to 20.04.1 LTS.


Will the updates mirrored to my local repository get deleted after upgradation?

The apt-mirror configuration can include an optional clean section, which tells apt-mirror to look for files which can be deleted. If you have such a section, it will generate a script called clean.sh in the var directory, which you must manually
run for files to be deleted.

So the packages will be deleted if:

You have a clean section in your mirror.list
You run the generated clean.sh script.

If you have enabled clean, then the output of apt-mirror will include something like the following towards the end:

3.2 GiB in 429 files and 0 directories can be freed.
Run /var/spool/apt-mirror/var/clean.sh for this purpose.


Font setting reset after restart in kubuntu 12.04

Not a fix but a workaround: Kubuntu - cannot change fonts and widget style under sudo after upgrade to 11.10

The Kubuntu is resetting to the default Kubuntu settings (/usr/share/kubuntu-default-settings/kde4-profile/default/share/config/).

To fix this I have edited the Kubuntu defaults: /usr/share/kubuntu-default-settings/kde4-profile/default/share/config/kdeglobals.

Looking my own kdeglobals: ~/.kde/share/config/kdeglobals and copying the font information to the /usr/share/kubuntu-default-settings/kde4-profile/default/share/config/kdeglobals.


I figured out what the problem was. Apparently, even though the ribbon cable on the battery is labeled - + -, it still matters which way it is plugged in. I unplugged the cable, flipped the connector, and plugged it back in and now it is recognizing the battery and charging it. Why they wouldn't key a connector that can only be plugged in one way I don't know, but they didn't.


XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is not owned by us (uid 0)

For me this worked:
When booting from USB Press "try Ubuntu"
Open a terminal window
$ sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Change the following line:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset noacpi"
Close the terminal window and press the install Ubuntu on the desktop


This is not possible right now but it is being worked on.

You can find more details on Mike Conley's Blog.


Docker blank/empty previous bash command

See the SO question How do you attach and detach from Docker's process? for the root cause. I can see how it'd be useful to have keys for this in docker, but it's surprising the default chord starts with such a common key combination.

See Use the Docker command line | Docker Documentation for a solution. To summarize that page, create a .docker/config.json file in your home directory and use the same default suggested in the docker documentation:

{
    "detachKeys": "ctrl-e,e"
}


systemctl and ufw are telling you different things.

When the systemd service named ufw is enabled, then systemd will start the service at boot time. If we look at what that means:

$ cat /lib/systemd/system/ufw.service
[Unit]
Description=Uncomplicated firewall
Documentation=man:ufw(8)
DefaultDependencies=no
Before=network.target

[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
ExecStart=/lib/ufw/ufw-init start quiet
ExecStop=/lib/ufw/ufw-init stop

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

we can see that it executes /lib/ufw/ufw-init start quiet. In turn, if we look there, we see:

# Debian/Ubuntu: small boot speed improvement
. "${rootdir}/etc/ufw/ufw.conf"
if [ "$1" = "start" ] && [ "$2" = "quiet" ] && [ "$ENABLED" = "no" ]; then
    exit 0
fi

i.e. it sources ${rootdir}/etc/ufw/ufw.conf and checks the value of ENABLED. Finally, if you check /etc/ufw/ufw.conf you will see a section like

# Set to yes to start on boot. If setting this remotely, be sure to add a rule
# to allow your remote connection before starting ufw. Eg: 'ufw allow 22/tcp'
ENABLED=yes

where ENABLED=yes toggles to ENABLED=no when you execute sudo ufw disable.

tl;dr the UFW service is enabled, but if UFW itself is disabled, none of its rules will be loaded.


Should I run Ubuntu 64bit on a laptop with 2GB of RAM?


Go to:

Settings → Region & Language → Input sources

Select and remove "German".


How to remove youtube application from launcher?

You have to remove these files.
rm ~/.local/share/applications/YouTubeyoutubecom.desktop
sudo rm /usr/share/applications/YouTubeyoutubecom.desktop

Or, maybe better, keep a copy of them by using mv instead rm:
mv ~/.local/share/applications/YouTubeyoutubecom.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/YouTubeyoutubecom.desktop.bak
sudo mv /usr/share/applications/YouTubeyoutubecom.desktop /usr/share/applications/YouTubeyoutubecom.desktop.bak


Why would the Docky launcher stop and disappear when I empty the trash when unmounting a removable drive?

This is a bug with the Mounter docklet: https://bugs.launchpad.net/docky/+bug/552657


Use gnome-disks. That is the tool I use to remove, create and format partition in my USB drives.

You can easily install it with the command

sudo apt install gnome-disk-utility


How to disable or reorder gnome-terminal right-click context menu?

In order to disable or reorder the gnome-terminal context menu, you should try editing the terminal.xml file located in /usr/share/gnome-terminal/ directory.

1) Make a backup of the terminal.xml file.
Open a Terminal window Ctrl+Alt+T and type:

cd /usr/share/gnome-terminal/
sudo cp -p terminal.xml terminal.xml.bak

2) Edit the terminal.xml file with your favorite editor. eg: nano

sudo nano -c /usr/share/gnome-terminal/terminal.xml

Regarding to your question you can comment the lines for the PopupNewTerminal PopupNewTab PopupCloseTab PopupCloseWindow  menus. (Lines 88 to 93)

You can comment those lines with <!-- lines --> symbols.

To save the changes in nano.. Ctrl+O,Enter then Ctrl+X.

Exit or Close the Terminal window and open it again to see the changes.

BEFORE:

AFTER:

This is just an example, you can comment, delete or change the order in the menus (put the PopupCopy and PopupPaste menus before the PopupNewTerminal) in the file.

Just in case... please remember you have a backup of the terminal.xml.

Hope this helps.


Doing another task while copying a directory

You can run the command in the background by appending the & symbol to the command line:

cp source_directory target_directory &

You can query current background tasks with the 'jobs' command.

If you forget to use the & in the initial command it is possible to pause it with Ctrl+Z, then move the command to the background by typing bg and pressing Enter.


How do I allow a user to only run the apt-get update command with sudo?

First, edit the /etc/sudoers only with visudo

You can set the permission to the user joe for apt-get command only adding the following line:

%joe your_hostname=(root):/usr/bin/apt-get

Once logged in as joe, you can check the permissions:

sudo -l

Edit: The user will be able to use apt-get update, upgrade, install, etc; since those are just flags for the apt-get command.


After more fiddling with this, this is what I have determined...

In this Lenovo machine, there is a clickpad rather than a touchpad. There are also, for some reason, physical click buttons located above the clickpad.

Normally I just use the clickpad to click I guess, but sometimes I use the physical buttons.

It appears that the physical buttons just aren't always recognized properly for dragging. If I click the pad and drag the cursor, then I can select and drag things just fine. If I click the button and drag the cursor, that just doesn't seem to count, although double clicking the physical buttons works.

So this is most likely some kind of hardware configuration issue I guess... sorry for posting a problem that has an obscure resolution like this, maybe it helps someone else...


The only way to that is to reinstall, and while the installation process, make sure to check the box "Install third-party drivers for sound and others" so your drivers will work again with your Ubuntu installation.


Add right click menus to nautilus without nautilus-actions

You can use Nautilus extension API for that. In particular I recommend Nautilus-Python.

Here's a simple example that adds a context menu item for MIME type text/plain:

from gi.repository import Nautilus, GObject

class ExampleMenuProvider(GObject.GObject, Nautilus.MenuProvider):
    def activate(self, menu, files):
        print 'activated' # do something

    def get_file_items(self, window, files):
        if len(files) != 1 or files[0].get_mime_type() != 'text/plain': return
        item = Nautilus.MenuItem(
            name='SimpleMenuExtension::Do_Something', label='Do Something')
        item.connect('activate', self.activate, files)
        return [item]

You'll need to install python-nautilus and gir1.2-gconf-2.0 packages and place the above Python script in ~/.local/share/nautilus-python/extensions/.


Slow wifi in ubuntu 14.04 with realtek wifi adapter

Install another driver this way

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtl8192cu-dkms

The new version of this driver should improve things. If that will not help, I have another dkms driver in this PPA that should work for sure, but it is older.


How to update Ubuntu from 16.10 to 17.10?

First I would like to add that this is a hack, and problems may or may not arrise from doing this. I only tried this with Ubuntu Server 16.10.

I managed to upgrade from server release 16.10 to 17.10 by doing the following:

Open /etc/apt/sources.list :

vim /etc/apt/sources.list

Change all references from yakkety to artful:

:%s/yakkety/artful/g

Do an update and upgrade:

apt update && apt upgrade

Reboot the system.


How do I bring Unity interface in-front of all other windows?

How are you running Unity? You shouldn't be using the unity binary (/usr/bin/unity), as that is for testing only, rather you should be logging into the Unity session from the login screen (choose your name and then choose the session from the list on the bottom panel).


You must use NAT or port forwarding on your router.

You Transmission server have a private address inside your network.  You web company delivers your a Internet Adress for your house.  Those are of course distinct, internal address do not touch the Internet addresses, except for outgoing traffic, and some exception as peer-to-peer file sharing.

You should connect the port 8888 from the outside Internet to your port 8888 of your's server internal IP Address.  That is called port forwarding or NAT.  The way of doing this depends on the web router you have.

Try tape "myroutermodel NAT howto" in a search engine of the Internet.

Hope it is helpfull


Your device 07d1:3a09 works with the driver carl9170. It also requires firmware which should be installed by default. Check:

ls /lib/firmware | grep carl

You should find carl9170-1.fw and carl9170fw. If not, install with:

sudo apt-get install linux-firmware

Now unload and reload the module:

sudo modprobe -r carl9170 && sudo modprobe carl9170

Was a wireless interface, ideally wlan0, created?

iwconfig

Does it scan and connect?

sudo iwlist wlan0 scan

If not, look for other problems in the message logs:

dmesg | grep carl
rfkill list all


icedtea-7-plugin non-functional in Ubuntu 13.04

I got it working by purging the icetea7 and jdk, and reinstalling them. It will tell you that you need to install icetea 6 and openjdk6 when you try to purge the files, do it. Then reinstall the icedtea 7 plugin and dependencias, and it should work.


Strange Suspend/Resume Failure on HP G61

Try to get an update to your system Bios from the HP website. Click on the Support Page, type your make,model number,etc. Make sure that you get the correct one, ie. the one for your model. Otherwise, you could brick your machine!

Be forewarned, that HP is notorious for removing support for older systems. I had a nightmare trying to find an updated Bios for a friend of mine, and her computer is only 6 years old. Use reliable sources.

*If you have a dual Boot system, the simplest method is to boot to Windows, and do the Bios updates from Windows.* That's is why when switching someone over to Ubuntu I always check for a bios update, before wiping the windows partition (for those that don't want Windows anymore). I guess Windows is useful for something after all! :-)

Here is a link indicating how to do this in Ubuntu. Not recommended for beginners...unless you spend sometime doing research and reading and clearly understanding the given procedures.

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=318789


Why do I have to reboot my pc twice before I see the login screen?

I wanted to thank those who tried to assist me nearly 3 years ago where I had to reboot my pc twice before I could get to the login screen.
In short, the issue was still happening, and I finally decided to accept it and live with it, and only because that from the moment I powered on my pc, it took around 15 seconds until I was able to see the desktop, so it was not really an inconvenience.

About 3 months ago I updated to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS...and since then I have no more issues with having to reboot my pc twice. So issue resolved.
Thanks again all. :)


Execute command in one terminal and get the output in another terminal it it possible ? how?

Possible with something known as named pipe.
Here's a basic demo:

Open terminal window 1.
Type mkfifo /tmp/myPipe and hit enter
Type echo "Hello Named Pipe" > /tmp/myPipe & and hit enter
Open terminal 2
Run cat /tmp/myPipe to see the output

Another possible solution is to have a screen session running, and attach/detach to it.


My PC doesn't shut down with ubuntu 17.10

Modify line in /etc/systemd/system.conf to DefaultTimeoutStopSec=4s. It will wait for stop job to finish in 4s.


I've been able to get into the game by unchecking the "Enable Steam Community In-Game" option of the games properties.  It disables the steam interface so thing like chats and invites don't show up but the game opens and runs better than it did on the intel card (I'm using bumblebee to switch to the nvidia card).


PS1 string full documentation and reference page

https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/bash.1.html#PROMPTING. Just one thing: it means that each color should begin with \[ and end with \].

\a : an ASCII bell character (07)
\d : the date in “Weekday Month Date” format (e.g., “Tue May 26”)
\D{format} :    the format is passed to strftime(3) and the result is inserted into the prompt string; an empty format results in a locale-specific time representation. The braces are required
\e : an ASCII escape character (033)
\h : the hostname up to the first ‘.’
\H : the hostname
\j : the number of jobs currently managed by the shell
\l : the basename of the shellâ€™s terminal device name
\n : newline
\r : carriage return
\s : the name of the shell, the basename of $0 (the portion following the final slash)
\t : the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format
\T : the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format
\@ : the current time in 12-hour am/pm format
\A : the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format
\u : the username of the current user
\v : the version of bash (e.g., 2.00)
\V : the release of bash, version + patch level (e.g., 2.00.0)
\w : the current working directory, with $HOME abbreviated with a tilde
\W : the basename of the current working directory, with $HOME abbreviated with a tilde
\! : the history number of this command
\# : the command number of this command
\$ : if the effective UID is 0, a #, otherwise a $
\nnn : the character corresponding to the octal number nnn
\\ : a backslash
\[ : begin a sequence of non-printing characters, which could be used to embed a terminal control sequence into the prompt
\] : end a sequence of non-printing characters

colors

txtblk='\e[0;30m' # Black - Regular
txtred='\e[0;31m' # Red
txtgrn='\e[0;32m' # Green
txtylw='\e[0;33m' # Yellow
txtblu='\e[0;34m' # Blue
txtpur='\e[0;35m' # Purple
txtcyn='\e[0;36m' # Cyan
txtwht='\e[0;37m' # White

bldblk='\e[1;30m' # Black - Bold
bldred='\e[1;31m' # Red
bldgrn='\e[1;32m' # Green
bldylw='\e[1;33m' # Yellow
bldblu='\e[1;34m' # Blue
bldpur='\e[1;35m' # Purple
bldcyn='\e[1;36m' # Cyan
bldwht='\e[1;37m' # White

unkblk='\e[4;30m' # Black - Underline
undred='\e[4;31m' # Red
undgrn='\e[4;32m' # Green
undylw='\e[4;33m' # Yellow
undblu='\e[4;34m' # Blue
undpur='\e[4;35m' # Purple
undcyn='\e[4;36m' # Cyan
undwht='\e[4;37m' # White

bakblk='\e[40m'   # Black - Background
bakred='\e[41m'   # Red
badgrn='\e[42m'   # Green
bakylw='\e[43m'   # Yellow
bakblu='\e[44m'   # Blue
bakpur='\e[45m'   # Purple
bakcyn='\e[46m'   # Cyan
bakwht='\e[47m'   # White

txtrst='\e[0m'    # Text Reset

Unicode chars, my findings:
With \x+hex_value, we can add Unicode chars into PS1 strings.
How to find out Unicode of any char/string? Use echo <char> | hexdump -C. arg can be a string. The 0a at the end represents a new line. Because bash works on base of line buffer; must flush to know that this string is terminated. If you want to insert any character in a prompt string, delete every 0a except the last one, if needed.

For example:
echo 大 | hexdump -C
00000000  e5 a4 a7 0a                                       |....|
00000004

So, you can insert the character in ps like:
export PS1='\xe5\xa4\xa7'

I found that with the converted string of Chinese characters, echo -e and printf both works expected, outputs the Chinese character, but in $PS1 it fails. So I was forced to assign a variable to the value of the command echo -e string or printf string.
sentence=$(echo -e \xe5\xa4\xa7)
export PS1=$sentence

This works well.


Is it possible to install ubuntu-restricted-extras without the MS fonts packages?

The package ubuntu-restricted-extras is a so-called "meta package". Such packages do not provide files themselves, but depend on other packages. apt-cache show ubuntu-restricted-extras tells me that the MS fonts (ttf-mscorefonts-installer) are recommended by the package, not mandatory.

The package ubuntu-restricted-addons is always installed when installing ubuntu-restricted-extras. If you want to proceed without installing the MS fonts, install this package directly:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-addons

The other recommended packages can be installed manually as well:

sudo apt-get install unrar gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad-multiverse libavcodec-extra-53

If a package depends on ubuntu-restricted-extras, after installing the above packages run:

sudo apt-get --no-install-recommends install ubuntu-restricted-extras


How do I prevent a folder inside of /tmp from being cleaned up?

/etc/init/mounted-tmp.conf is part of the mountall package, so any updates on that package and the suggested changes will be reverted.

$ sudo dpkg -S /etc/init/mounted-tmp.conf
mountall: /etc/init/mounted-tmp.conf

Instead, according to the Filesystem Hierachy standard (FHS);

Regarding /tmp:

  Programs must not assume that any files or directories in /tmp are
  preserved between invocations of the program.

Regarding /var/tmp:

  The /var/tmp directory is made available for programs that require  temporary files or directories that are preserved between system reboots.
  Therefore, data stored in /var/tmp is more persistent than data in /tmp.

So you should change your symbolic link to use /var/tmp instead of /tmp.


nvidia xserver settings freezes when switching between intel and nvidia

I had the same problem at first, but it turned out the Nvidia Settings program just performs an initramfs and grub update, which can take quite a while. Try to run it in a terminal instead of using the GUI and give it a minute or two.

In command line, you can switch to nvidia with sudo prime-select nvidia or to intel with sudo prime-select intel.


Repository with cinnamon-desktop-environment for Ubuntu

You could use ONE of the PPAs below. Please do not use both PPAs simultaneously.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lestcape/cinnamon
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cinnamon

or

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tsvetko.tsvetkov/cinnamon
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cinnamon

You can remove Cinnamon with ppa-purge:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge

And depending which PPA you have used:

sudo ppa-purge ppa:tsvetko.tsvetkov/cinnamon

or

sudo ppa-purge ppa:lestcape/cinnamon


JDK classes seem to be not on Studio classpath. please ensure you run the ide on jdk rather than jre ubuntu

Run:

sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk


Graphics Not Working After 17.04 Upgrade

I figured out what was wrong: there were some xcb libraries in my /usr/local/lib folder. I don't know why they were there, considering that they belonged to no package, but I found them by making lightdm save its logs, because they kept getting overwritten. I just copied all of the libraries as a backup, then deleted the originals.


Hard drive making light scratching noise

If your hard drive makes new sounds that it hasn't made before, it could be an early sign of damage to the drive.

The other possibility is that it's simply normal sounds that the drive makes, but you haven't heard before, perhaps because of different usage patterns.  Drives can make clicking noises when seeking in particular patterns or when parking their heads, and these can happen at different times depending on the software being used.

Either way you should always have regular, recent backups should the drive fail.  This is true of all hard drives, not just ones that you are noticing unusual sounds from.

Should any other hard drive diagnostics - either filesystem checks or SMART monitoring tools - pick up any errors this would be further evidence the drive may be failing.

Whether you should replace the drive immediately depends on whether you can easily afford it, weighing up the cost of the new drive versus the slight risk your drive may fail earlier than it otherwise would have.  But there is no such thing as a hard drive that won't fail.  It's just a matter of time.

  I didn't know if installing Ubuntu nulled the warranty or not.

No, it shouldn't affect any warranties against hardware faults, at least.


ubuntu provides its own sound driver,to listen sound you have to install proper plug-ins from ubuntu side.So you simply open any media file and then search for plug-ins in net via that media player.


I couldn't find a specific tool for the wallpaper. It's configurable but you have to use the gnome-session tool. If I use that, the whole compiz desktop starts. So i backed off and tried feh, which didn't work for me because I couldn't set a solid background color and additionally a centered image.

So I took hsetroot. Wasn't installed per default in 12.04 but it's in the repositories. Till now it works as expected and the Unity background didn't pop up as it did before.


Ubuntu 20.04 - Disable periodic WiFi Scanning

Probably you'll need to set the ap_scan parameter in wpa_supplicant.  I'm not clear how to customize it using netplan, but as a troubleshooting step you could try running the supplicant in the foreground (something like wpa_supplicant -Dnl80211 -iwlan0 -c $USER/wpa_supplicant.conf where you manually create a supplicant config.  Then you can experiment with the ap_scan option as discussed in this other solution: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/490077/skip-scanning-in-wpa-supplicant