Oi cara, vc não precisa instalar o ".tar.gz", pode instalar o pacote usando apt-get, o programa w32codecs esta no repositorio multimedia do Ubuntu.

Na terminal:

$ sudo wget http://www.medibuntu.org/sources.list.d/$(lsb_release -cs).list --output-document=/etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu.list
$ sudo apt-get -q update
$ sudo apt-get --yes -q --allow-unauthenticated install medibuntu-keyring
$ sudo apt-get -q update
$ sudo apt-get --yes install app-install-data-medibuntu apport-hooks-medibuntu
$ sudo apt-get install w32codecs libdvdcss2

Si vc tiver alguma duvida, pode fazer suas perguntas no canal do ubuntu brasileiro, #ubuntu-br no freenode.net

Boa tarde

Possible transltaion: Hi dude, you need not install "Tar.gz", you can install the package using apt-get, the 'w32codecs' in multimedia repository of Ubuntu.

In the terminal:

See above code *

If you have any questions, you can ask your questions in the channel of the Brazilian ubuntu, # ubuntu on freenode.net

good afternoon


Kubuntu hangs in the splash screen after login

This problem always happened due to bad drivers for me.I fixed it by disabling Compositing.


Why does a Ubuntu guest in VirtualBox run very, very slowly?

Ubuntu 12.10 no longer includes Unity 2D, which was implemented for platforms that can't provide 3D acceleration. Instead, Ubuntu 12.10 has Unity run under LLVM, making code intended for the GPU run on the CPU. It is much slower than using the GPU.

To check if your Ubuntu 12.10 guest is using 3D acceleration, run this command:

$ /usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p
Not software rendered:    no
Not blacklisted:          yes
GLX fbconfig:             yes
GLX texture from pixmap:  yes
GL npot or rect textures: yes
GL vertex program:        yes
GL fragment program:      yes
GL vertex buffer object:  yes
GL framebuffer object:    yes
GL version is 1.4+:       yes

Unity 3D supported:       no

As you can see, "Not software rendered" and "Unity 3D supported" both return "no" in this example, which means Unity is using slow LLVMpipe.

How to enable 3D acceleration (VirtualBox 4.2.x only)

These instructions are intended for VirtualBox 4.2.4 or 4.2.6, installed from VirtualBox's website, not from Ubuntu's repo. Future versions of VirtualBox may fix this problem automatically, or may need a different workaround.

Install VirtualBox Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pack.
Create a VirtualBox instance and install Ubuntu 12.10 on it.
Install some required packages for the guest additions:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r) build-essential

Install the guest additions by clicking Devices, Install Guest Additions and running this command from the CD-ROM's directory:

sudo ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run

Add the vboxvideo driver to the instance by running:

sudo bash -c 'echo vboxvideo >> /etc/modules'

Shutdown the VirtualBox instance.
Open the settings of the Virtualbox instance, navigate to "Display", and tick "Enable 3D acceleration".
Boot your Ubuntu 12.10 guest, and check that 3D acceleration is working by running:

/usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p

If windows seem to disppear, install CompizConfig Settings Manager and disable Framebuffer Object (FBO) in the OpenGL section:

Install the CompizConfig Settings Manager:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Run the CompizConfig Settings Manager:

ccsm

Select the OpenGL section and then untick the Framebuffer Object option. If this fixes the issue it should be immediately visible. No reboot is required.


My problem was partially solved by this thread:

Fn+F5,F6 keys to adjust brightness doesn't work

After updating GRUB and/or kernel, brightness fn controls started to work on login screen (however none of the other combinations work). I think I can live with that.


Did you try service apache2 start in order to start Apache? The warnings shown in the log are just this, warnings. Apache should also start with these warnings.


What is the easiest way to remake the deleted binary file of package?

Well, DEB packages are extractable!

So, you can simply download the DEB package, extract it, take the binary from it and place it where it should be inside your system (this is visible from the DEB's structure, anyway).

For example, let's say that you're missing a binary file.

Download the DEB package using this script:

#!/bin/bash
PACKAGE=$1
URI=$(apt-cache show $PACKAGE | grep "Filename:" | cut -f 2 -d " ")
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/$URI

It takes as argument the package.

Then, you extract the package and you will see a usr folder and inside it a bin folder (this is usually where the binary package is being installed). So, you copy this binary file to /usr/bin and you are done.

Be careful NOT to download later versions of the package than the one that you had installed in your system in order to avoid incompatibility problems!

EDIT: After a constructive comment by chaos please note that if you have already installed the package in your system then you can find it in /var/cache/apt/archives/. Taking the package from there is a good idea, because you can be sure about the incompatibility issues.


what percentage of free space should I allot on ext4 volumes

Because of how EXT4 works, I'd say leave 5-10% free.

Unlike NTFS, EXT4 leaves space between files on the disk platter so that they don't become fragmented when they expand.

You should leave that extra space so that there is ample room to put that spacing between files.


Ubuntu under VirtualBox in Windows 7 - how to set bigger screen resolution?

Sometimes the packaged version of the Guest additions gives better results.

So I'd suggest to update the Guest additions with the VM package manager. So login first into your VM and open a Terminal to type:

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-dkms virtualbox-guest-utils virtualbox-guest-x11

Finally restart the Ubuntu VM to complete the installation.

You should get access to higher resolutions now.


Handbrake converts videos into mp4 (H.264 etc), not into MPEG2 which is what you would need for "DVD" format.  You would need to convert the mkv file into MPEG2 video and then create the VOB file structure for the DVD (this is called "authoring" a DVD).

Here is a guide from 10 years ago describing the process - I guess the software is all too old to be in the current Ubuntu repos though:
https://www.linux.com/news/quick-guide-dvd-authoring


do not compress just zip files in command line

This is what tarball archives are for.

tar -c -f archive.tar file directory/

This creates an uncompressed archive.


Unable to safely remove Seagate 1TB external device from ubuntu. It reconnects and the device browser opens automatically.

Worst case, if no software solution works, you can do a hard system shutdown.  An orderly shutdown will unmount all storage devices harmlessly, and once the system is powered down, you can disconnect the external drive.

However, I'd look for what keeps reconnecting the external drive, and try to get that to stop.  It might be that some software on your system expects to find that storage, and it'll fail once you restart if you do a shutdown-disconnect-restart cycle.


Grant write access to a file in a read-only directory

No problem, with ls -l you can check different users permission, you can run chmod 777 your-file.txt to give permission for everything to everyone and it doesn't matter if the user doesn't have the write permission to the directory which contains the file you just gave the write permission.


How can I convert an AVI file to a Blackberry-compatible format?

You can use Avidemux. It also provides good editing features.

WinFF is another option, only for video conversions. As the app site says:

WinFF is a GUI for the command line video converter, FFMPEG. It will convert most any video file that FFmpeg will convert. WinFF does multiple files in multiple formats at one time. You can for example convert mpeg's, flv's, and mov's, all into avi's all at once. WinFF is available for Windows 95, 98 , ME, NT, XP, VISTA, and Debian, Ubuntu, Redhat based GNU/Linux distributions.

ffmpeg is really powerful but it might be tricky to use for many users. WinFF provides a GUI for it and makes it easier to use.

Edit:
Mobile Media Converter is another good option.
Application descriptions:

The Mobile Media Converter is a free video and audio converter for converting between popular desktop media formats like MP3, Windows Media Audio (wma), Ogg Vorbis Audio (ogg), Wave Audio (wav), MPEG video, AVI, Windows Media Video (wmv), Flash Video (flv), QuickTime Video (mov) and commonly used mobile devices/phones formats like AMR audio (amr) and 3GP video. iPod/iPhone and PSP compatible MP4 video are supported. Moreover, you can remove and add new formats or devices through the internet.
An integrated YoutTube downloader is available for direct downloading and converting to any of these formats. You can trim your clips for ringtone creation or any other purpose and crop your videos for removing up/down black bars or other unwanted parts of the image. Additionally, embedded subtitles can be encoded onto the video for watching movies or shows with subtitles on devices that does not supports them.
The program has a very easy-to-use and simple GUI (Graphical User Interface) that helps even the most amateur user. Most of the times, the only data that you must enter is the input file(s) or just drag 'n' drop the input file(s)! The 3GP and AMR formats are used by mobile phones for MMS, video and sound recordings, etc.


How do I combine multiple pdf files to an a4 papersize output?

Try use programs like:

pdftk (home page)
PDF Mod (home page)
PDF Shuffler (home page)

You can find this in the Software Center


VirtualBox error: Kernel driver not installed (rc=-1908) (running ubuntu 20.04 on my chromebook)

I got the same problem after some updates on Ubuntu 20.04.
I solve this problem by manual installation of a recent version of VirtualBox 6.1.16. By default Ubuntu 20.04 installing 6.1.10.
Go there https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads and read chapter "Debian-based Linux distributions". In brief, you should:
Add new line to the file /etc/apt/sources.list
deb [arch=amd64] https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian focal contrib

Then type next commands
sudo wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-6.1

Probably you need to disabe "Secure Boot" in the BIOS as well.
P.S.: I was in a panic when my VirtualBox stops working. This is a very important software for me.


Why does my cron job appear to do nothing?

The MTA message is because your script is producing output which cron normally sends an email for.

Replace your cron job with this:

MAILTO=myid@myhost.com
BASH_ENV=$HOME/.bashrc
0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55 * * * *   . $HOME/.bashrc;$HOME/bin/monitorDataSourceStatus.groovy > $HOME/mDSS.out 2>&1

You'll need to install an MTA like sendmail in order to get cron messages. (I changed the >> to a >).


problem running virtual machines on ubuntu 12.04 via virtualbox

Seems to be a known issue.
Try to install VirtualBox from the Oracle binaries directly: https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads

sources: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1739768


I experienced the same thing.  I had the DisplayLink driver installed but I didn't need it.

If you install ccze and then run:

tailf /var/log/syslog | ccze

you may see your problem.

In my case the DisplayLink driver was failing and restarting constantly.  I uninstalled the DisplayLink driver but this didnt stop the behavior.  I then 'rm' from /etc/ and that stopped the driver from showing up.

This improved the performance of my machine.  I still feels sluggish and I if use it without docking it - I can tell that it is faster.


“Indicator Applet Complete" has quit unexpectedly

I was looking at a file called .x11errors in my home directory and found that indicator-applications couldn't load.
This is because

.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home

was set to root privilege and should be user privilege.
After that, my indicator-applet-complete errors no longer showed.


Ok I just thought of unplugging my second monitor and retry:

This time the system managed to boot and work. I re-replugged my monitor, rebooted again, and had mirror displays and my driver alerting me that I need to configure my displays for higher res.

Went back to the driver, put back my old configuration and all was working like before. I still have to reboot to be sure it stays but, well.

I still have the desactivation of tty at boot though. Any idea how to fix that?


Can't get latest PHP or Pear in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

Make sure that you have run sudo apt-get update before running sudo apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5 php5-mysql because it will update the package lists so that the latest software can be installed.


How to send files to the trash can without the confirmation dialog

You can try this:
1) Open Pcmanfm (File Manager) and go to Edit > Preferences

For Lubuntu 12.04 to 13.10
Uncheck Confirm before deleting files

For Lubuntu 14.04
Uncheck Confirm before moving files into "trash can"

Hope this helps.


Error after installing proprietary driver for graphic card

I had the same problem with proprietary driver from AMD. Leave the proprietary driver installed and try to delete the .compiz-1 folder in your home directory and login again.
If you do that with Nautilus, please check that you can see hidden files and folders in folder view.


That depends, it does so for drives that are plugged after booting up but not for the ones that were plugged in before I booted ubuntu. So I would say it is a feature not a bug.


Ubuntu 18.04.1 - Cuda 10.1 installation, updates nvidia driver to 455 which is not compatible with tensorflow,

Terrance's reply helped fixing the issue of driver upgrade but had to install additional packages and set the config files.
this https://www.pugetsystems.com/labs/hpc/How-to-install-CUDA-9-2-on-Ubuntu-18-04-1184/ helped with additional steps
Following are the steps I used for cuda10.1 with nvidia 450 driver for unix 18.04
Steps:
Before installing cuda from run file, we need to install Driver
##Driver, this is as per tensorflow requirement, 455 doesnt work for current tensorflow version

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends nvidia-driver-450

##get runfile for cuda 10.1

wget http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/10.1/Prod/local_installers/cuda_10.1.243_418.87.00_linux.run

##install dependencies

sudo apt-get install freeglut3 freeglut3-dev libxi-dev libxmu-dev

##Follow installation steps by running following

sudo sh cuda_10.1.243_418.87.00_linux.run

#installer gives warning about preexisting driver, continue
#select everything except driver in the menu, cuda will be installed, use
ls /usr/local
Folder
cuda-10.1

Create bash file for cuda profile

#you can use any text editor,
vim /etc/profile.d/cuda.sh
##add the following lines to this file to add path
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cuda-10.1/bin
export CUDADIR=/usr/local/cuda-10.1
##Create another file for LD_LIBRARY_PATH
vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/cuda.conf
#add this line
/usr/local/cuda-10.1/lib64
#run
sudo ldconfig

For Cudnn, use these steps for tar file installation

https://docs.nvidia.com/deeplearning/cudnn/install-guide/index.html
These are 4 commands
tar -xzvf cudnn-10.1-linux-x64-v7.6.5.32.tgz
sudo cp cuda/include/cudnn*.h /usr/local/cuda/include
sudo cp cuda/lib64/libcudnn* /usr/local/cuda/lib64
sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn*.h /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn*

If you get this error while using tf

failed call to cuInit: CUDA_ERROR_UNKNOWN
#use this
sudo apt install nvidia-modprobe

If somebody wants to install tensorRT, these links are helpful

https://docs.nvidia.com/deeplearning/tensorrt/install-guide/index.html#installing-tar
Why do I get "/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn.so.7 is not a symbolic link"?


Recently installed Ubuntu 18.04 but it keeps freezing

I was facing the same issue.
I have Nvidia GTX 750 Ti graphics card. I suspected it is because of the missing drivers.

Go to Software & Updates. Go to additional drivers tab and wait for the options to load.
Chose Nvidia driver meta-package from nvidia-driver-304. Click apply changes and wait for the driver to install.
You can also increase you swap space.

In Ubuntu 18.04 you can use the following steps to change swap
Turn off all swap processes

sudo swapoff -a

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1G count=8

  if = input file of = output file bs = block size count = multiplier of
  blocks

sudo mkswap /swapfile

sudo swapon /swapfile

grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

Then finally please turn off Hardware accelaration in Mozilla and Chrome. Sometimes these browsers eat up too much memory and hence crash.

In chrome, go to chrome settings at chrome://settings then go to Advanced. Deselect "use hardware acceleration when available".
Also go to chrome flags at chrome://flags and disable CPU Rasterization.
Alternatively you can use google-chrome --disable-gpu to start chrome.

In Mozilla, go to Preferences, here go to Performance section. Deselect "Use recommended performace settings". Also deselect "Use hardware accelaration when available" and finally limit the content to 2.

Please restart and hopefully you are good to go.


Can't Connect to Internet After Upgrading from 12.04 to 14.04

Try this:

Switch on your computer.

Press and hold the Shift key, which will bring up the Grub menu.

Select the line which starts with --- Advanced options.

Select the line on the 3.13 kernel ending with --- recovery mode .

Your PC should display a menu with a number of options.

Select network - root or netroot.

In a terminal run:

  # mount -o remount, rw /
  # mount --all
  # rm -rf /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.list
  # nano /etc/apt/sources.list

In the open file.

Delete the contents.

Paste the following:

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty partner
deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main

Ctrl + O Save file. Ctrl + X Close nano.

And continue running:

# dpkg --configure -a
# apt-get -f install
# apt-get -m install
# apt-get update
# apt-get dist-upgrade
# apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
# apt-get autoremove
# apt-get clean
# reboot


The commands are not visible because Bash saves history to the .bash_history file only after the shell quits, and this happens very rarely with Guake. There is a simple workaround to make Bash append the history (instead of overwriting the file) after every command

shopt -s histappend
PROMPT_COMMAND="history -a;$PROMPT_COMMAND"


Previously working version of Ubuntu now boots to black screen

Try Grub Rescue and type this:
ls
(then select the portion that has Grub Installed)
ls (Portion name)
set root=(Partion name)
set prefix=(partion name)/boot/grub
insmod normal
normal
I recommend writing this down because until your computer updates this will continue to happen so I recommend updating ASAP


Installing software on another computer with bash

It is possible but you're looking at different issues. Since the server, prior to installing an os, will not have a working TCP/ip stack (I.e. networking ), you won't be able to simply ssh/putty over to it.

Unless you have a device that allows you to have keyboard/video/mouse access over the network to a separate device that's then connected to the server, you won't be able to do a bare metal installation.

It is possible to configure a serial null modem connection to the server from the desk top to allow such installations (this is well documented in various older Linux how to books) most consumer grade motherboards may not support this type of connection.


Download and install the library libgcrypt.so.11.
Find here libgcrypt11 for 64-bit and here libgcrypt11 for 32-bit


How do I get my Wireless connection to work again?

As I understand, you removed (purged) the Broadcom wireless drivers.
They are needed to use the Broadcom WLAN module of your DELL PC.

Reinstall the drivers and reboot your computer.

sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo reboot

In case you have a Broadcom wireless card which needs another driver
(it isn't visible from the information provided in your question above) :

Identify your Broadcom wireless card

lspci -vvnn | grep Network

and search for the correct driver here.


Lost permission to download into anything but /home

The problem is you changed your folders to be owned by the user www-data.

To change them back to your own user do chown -R your-username ~/*. Also do chgrp -R your-username ~/* to change them to your group. You might have to use sudo for that.


You probably don't need to install the "official" Qt SDK in order to do Linux Qt development.  You can install the Qt development libraries (libqt4-dev, etc.) and programs (e.g. Qt creator) from within the Ubuntu repositories.  If you're trying to compile your own version specific Qt program available in Ubuntu, you can run sudo apt-get build-dep [ubuntu package name] in order to get the libraries that program depends upon.


Solved in chat by enabling xenial-proposed in software and updates, then installing the 4.4.0-145 kernel, then disabling xenial-proposed in software and updates and rebooting.

There were some strange errors in dmesg using 4.4.0-143, posting them below for anyone searching
 467.761434] ath10k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to iomap BAR0
[  467.761484] ath10k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to claim device: -5
[  467.761670] ath10k_pci: probe of 0000:01:00.0 failed with error -5


installing internet facing snaps as root vs regular user (with sudo priviledges)

There is no effective difference: The final result (installing the snap) will be the same.
Ubuntu systems running on bare metal have the root prompt disabled for some very good reasons.
Unprivileged LXD containers, however, are a bit different:

Unprivileged LXD containers have an enabled root prompt...but it's not the host root.
Creating a sudo-enabled admin account is optional, since there is an enabled root account.
You can also control the container from the host: lxc exec container-name -- snap install wekan. Note the lack of sudo for an unprivileged container.

Use whichever method you are more comfortable using, and is permitted by your organization policies.
Testimonial: My own LXC containers have no human admin accounts. I use the lxc exec method most often.


Don't have permissions to copy some files using live USB

Try to use the following command:

sudo cp /source-path/file /destination-path/

Yes, you should. For example if you want to copy all files of our ~/Document directory to your usb device mounted on /media/my_user_name/USB-dev you should use following command:

cp ~/Document/* /media/my_user_name/USB-dev


The primary advantage of a swapfile is that it is easy to resize, so there isn't much point in transitioning unless you are unhappy with your swap partition size. You could move the swap to an encrypted partition for security, but there are other ways of encrypting your swap.

Traditionally swapfile were discouraged for a number of reasons. The swapfile used to be slower before Linux v2.4, and might still be slower if you create the swapfile on a fragmented filesystem. You may be a bit more likely to hit memory bugs with swapfiles, for example the catch-22s where you can't allocate any more memory until you swap some out, but the filesystem needs to allocate before you can swap out. A few years back hibernating to swapfiles was a controversial new feature for similar reasons. Years ago when filesystems were still a bit buggy (and not journaled) it was unwise to do huge numbers of write important filesystems, when you could just use a swapfile instead. As the tradition default, swap partitions have been tested more than swapfiles. Presumably Canonical think that these problems aren't worth worrying about anymore.

The biggest reason now not to switch to a swapfile, is "why fix something that isn't broken". If you don't backup your main partition, and accidentally delete your /home instead of your swapfile, it would be a hassle trying to get it back.

Another reason not to switch to swapfiles, is if you are using btrfs which doesn't support swapfiles before kernel 5.0
 (except via slow loopback files)

Even if you do decide to go for a swap file, there is no real need to delete your swap partition unless you are short on space. You can use both at the same time if you want. If you do decide to delete the swap partition, first of all boot with a Ubuntu LiveCD, and go try without installing. Then in a terminal run gparted, delete the swap partition, and resize the remaining partitions (doing a backup first may be a good idea).

Now reboot into your regular Ubuntu install and create the swapfile. Since the advantage of a swapfile is that it is easy to resize, you may want to use SwapSpace to manage the size of your swapfile:

sudo apt install swapspace

You could also manually create a swapfile by following the instructions at: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-add-swap-space-on-ubuntu-16-04

To cut a long story short, you can make a 1G swapfile by pasting the following into a terminal

sudo fallocate -l 1G /swapfile
sudo chmod 600 /swapfile
sudo mkswap /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile
sudo swapon --show

If that works, you can make it permanent by doing:

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak
echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab


after installing ubuntu, system has become very slow

I have the same computer, and use a different disk scheduler.  Ubuntu has cfq available, which works pretty well.  I no longer use cfq but instead use a custom kernel with another scheduler, but use cfq when loading new versions of Ubuntu until I can recompile the kernel.

Additionally, I do keep swappiness very, very low. (1)

You can enable cfq in two methods:

Temporary method, form a terminal:

sudo -i
cd /sys/class/block/sda/queue
echo cfq > scheduler
exit

If this helps you, and you want to make it a permanent change, if should be placed into grub.

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Look for the line starting GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" and modify it so that it reads

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash elevator=cfq"

Exit nano (press ctrl-o then ctrl-x) and then enter the command

sudo update-grub

After a reboot, cfq will be enabled which you can detect by

cat /sys/class/block/sda/queue/scheduler


I found a bug report for Kernel version 4.6.3 and greater where this bug first appeared. It spams /var/log/syslog every 10 minutes. This bug was reported as late as Kernel version 4.7.2. Apparently Ubuntu updates to kernel 4.4.0-38 have introduced the bug now.

Also this bug is reported with USB attached drives. Which I presume your sdb is.

Apparently it is not a cause for concern other than the fact it spams your syslog.

The bug report I found can be followed at: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1351305


try turn off display compositing in window manager tweaks*, there seems to bee a issue there
or only turn off display fullscreen overlay windows directly*

atleast try to turn off everything related to 3d desktop and see if that fixes the issue

this is on xubuntu 12.10 (XFCE) but might be the same for you too, hope my answer helps


ubuntu 12.04.LTS alongside windows 8 boot menu not shown

From the boot repair log it was clearly shown that you had installed grub legacy 0.97 on the MBR of /dev/sda which was an old version of grub.Try to update your grub from grub legacy 0.97 to grub2.

Upgrading to Grub 2 From Grub 0.97.


How can I get the the Windows installer (Wubi) for Ubuntu 11.04?

Downloading, Installing, and Using an Unsupported Release (Wubi)
You can download unsupported releases, including their wubi.exe (Windows) installer, from:

http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/releases/

You should not use unsupported releases, though, because they don't get security updates as new security vulnerabilities are discovered and patched. This puts you at risk. You, and anyone else who depends on the security of your computer or the files on it.
If you choose, in spite of the danger, to use an unsupported release, then:

To install it with Wubi, you must have the ISO image (also available from there) in the same directory as wubi.exe (since it will not automatically download the ISO image in a way that will work). Ideally these should be the only files in the folder at the time.
See this question for details: Why does wubi fail with a 404 error?

To update the new system so you at least have the security and stability fixes that were released when it was supported, and to install any software on it that was made available in its official repositories, and if you want to be able to upgrade it to a later release, you must change the package manager's download server to the old-releases server.
See this question for details:
How to install software or upgrade from old unsupported release?

A Better Alternative: Use a Lighter-Weight Desktop Environment
If you've found newer versions of Ubuntu don't seem to work well on your aging machine, I recommend you consider running a lightweight derivative of Ubuntu such as:

Xubuntu (wiki, TW, WP) – Xfce-based (TW, WP), less resource intensive than GNOME/Unity, or
Lubuntu (wiki, TW, WP) – LXDE-based (TW, WP), even less resource-intensive, very lightweight.

Here's some more information about that:

What is the difference between the various Ubuntu flavours?
Which is the best Ubuntu Flavor for an old laptop?
How can I speed up my old computer?
What kinds of desktop environments and shells are available?
(no longer expanded, primarily of historical interest)

Or, Try to Improve Performance

How can I improve Ubuntu overall system performance?


Without a full explanation of what the problems are in 13.10 it is very hard to give a mores specific answer than this:

There is no reason why 14.04 will run better than 13.10 for your computers, it is not that they put more effort into LTS versions, just that they update and support them for longer. The best solution is to use a test machine to try 14.04 to see if you have issues and if not stick to 12.04, it is supported until 2017. By this point 14.04 will be a lot older and more issue with old hardware will be ironed out. Perhaps try 14.04 again in 2015 if it doesn't work initially.


PKG_CONFIG_PATH is a environment variable that specifies additional paths in which pkg-config will search for its .pc files.

This variable is used to augment pkg-config's default search path. On a typical Unix system, it will search in the directories /usr/lib/pkgconfig and /usr/share/pkgconfig. This will usually cover system installed modules. However, some local modules may be installed in a different prefix such as /usr/local. In that case, it's necessary to prepend the search path so that pkg-config can locate the .pc files.

The pkg-config program is used to retrieve information about installed
libraries in the system. The primary use of pkg-config is to provide the necessary details for compiling and linking a program to a library. This metadata is stored in pkg-config files. These files have the suffix .pc and reside in specific locations known to the pkg-config tool.

To check the PKG_CONFIG_PATH value use this command:

echo $PKG_CONFIG_PATH

To set the PKG_CONFIG_PATH value use:

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/lib/pkgconfig

or

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig


You could determine sensors type by

right-clicking on MATE Sensors Applet on mate-panel
selecting Preferences,
then go to Sensors tab,
expand libsensors (on my system I have only this line) tree.

60 degrees C is normal, I think. I write this answer with such value.
100 degrees C is very high for CPU, it is called CPU Junction.
You can consult Intel page for correct value.

  T_JUNCTION
  Junction Temperature is the maximum temperature allowed at the processor die.

Also you can determine critical values from sensors command in terminal.


Unable to install Ubuntu on on Sony Vaio Y Series E-450

If the computer has an optical drive (CD/DVD drive) you can try burning a CD for it. Some computers can be touchy about USB booting still.


Can we use the window snap feature to fit a window to half the screen in Unity 2D?

Well, this is a Compiz feature (Snapping windows), so unless you can run Compiz on your system, I'd say no.  I believe it is possible, although I haven't tried it.  I just Googled "unity 2D with compiz" and it seems that it's something people do.

Edit:
Forgot to add... this looks like a good set of instructions:
askubuntu topic


Installing programs to another hard drive

Here is the things you can install programs there but you will not be able to run them because the system will not recognize where the file is stored


Why is Ubuntu Software only showing Editor's Picks?

Please see https://forum.snapcraft.io/t/mapping-snap-store-sections-to-xdg-sections/1229

It's the "snap" system they've gone with, although on 20.04 there are some categories at the bottom which should load.  This particular post on that page may answer your question:https://forum.snapcraft.io/t/mapping-snap-store-sections-to-xdg-sections/1229/17.

In working with Snap through the gui, the previous Ubuntu Software Manager has been replaced by this system as the default.  The categories may not be as plentiful as listed in the above post, and splashed across various other posts on the snapcraft forum is wording along the lines, "there is better support in 18.04."

In the event software cannot be found by any available category, there is a search bar at the top.  This mean you have to search either by the name of the app you want (i.e."dolphin", "thunar", etc.) or by the name of the category (i.e "file manager").

Using the above examples, when I search for "file manager", neither Dolphin nor Thunar show up but there is text at the bottom that says 53 more matches.  When I click on this, it shows those results continuing on from where you last left off.  Thunar and Dolphin are both near the bottom, and none of the first six results which appear on my screen are acutally file managers (Beekeeper Studio is the first result and could arguably be considered a type of file manager, though not the type in this example).

On a side note, if you are looking for Synaptic Package Manager, it is still listed in the Universe though its last update was 19 months ago.


gparted ntfs partition mountable but can't resize

Use Windows tools to shrink the Windows partition

I suggest that you boot into Windows, and use the tools available there to shrink the Windows partition.
Do not create any new partition (because Windows will probably create a dynamic partition, which cannot be used by linux). Instead you should leave unallocated drive space.
Boot into Ubuntu live and use gparted to create a partition or partitions, that can be used by Ubuntu.


sudo apt-get install --fix-missing gives me:

Selecting previously unselected package guitarpro6:i386.
(Reading database ... 182150 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack gp6-full-linux-demo-r11686(1).deb ...
Unpacking guitarpro6:i386 (6.1.9) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of guitarpro6:i386:
 guitarpro6:i386 depends on gksu.
 guitarpro6:i386 depends on libasound2; however:
  Package libasound2:i386 is not installed.
 guitarpro6:i386 depends on libglu1-mesa; however:
  Package libglu1-mesa:i386 is not installed.
 guitarpro6:i386 depends on libportaudio2; however:
 guitarpro6:i386 depends on libstdc++6; however:
  Package libstdc++6:i386 is not installed.
 guitarpro6:i386 depends on libxml2; however:
  Package libxml2:i386 is not installed.
 guitarpro6:i386 depends on libxslt1.1; however:
  Package libxslt1.1:i386 is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package guitarpro6:i386 (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.22-1ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for bamfdaemon (0.5.2~bzr0+15.10.20150627.1-0ubuntu1) ...
Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.58ubuntu1) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 guitarpro6:i386
matjaz@X555LN:~/Downloads$ sudo apt-get install --fix-missing
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 guitarpro6:i386 : Depends: gksu:i386 but it is not installed
                   Depends: libasound2:i386
                   Depends: libglu1-mesa:i386 but it is not installed
                   Depends: libportaudio2:i386 but it is not installed
                   Depends: libstdc++6:i386 but it is not installed
                   Depends: libxml2:i386 but it is not installed
                   Depends: libxslt1.1:i386 but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.


Time dilation plus time bandits 2017. Why does my time jump?

A small detail caused the problem.

If you look at the time part it says %H:%S instead of %H:%M which means it counts seconds not minutes. That is why it was moving all over the place.

It is fixed now, thankfully.


list dependencies of all packages installed in ubuntu 16.04?

apt list --installed | xargs apt-cache showpkg > dependencies.txt.  Beware it will take long and use all your cpu. I piped it to a file because it is a very long list.  The first part of the pipe provides all installed packages, the second part takes each one of them and looks for their dependencies.


installing Nvidia NVS 3100M driver fails, what am I missing?

Do NOT install video drivers to systems running in VirtualBox.

Guest systems do not have direct access to hardware.

Install the Guest Additions instead.


How to help Grub find Windows 10 Boot Manager?

If you boot your computer in Legacy mode while Windows is installed as UEFI, you will not able to boot Windows. Windows has a different boot partition if installed with UEFI versus Legacy (UEFI = FAT32 boot / Legacy = NTFS boot).

You have to re-enable UEFI and reinstall Ubuntu if you want to boot on Windows. Grub EFI will automatically detect the Microsoft Firmware and will create proper entry in boot menu.


Install the Bluetooth drivers:

sudo apt-get install bluez bluez-alsa bluez-audio bluez-btsco \
bluez-compat bluez-cups bluez-dbg bluez-gstreamer bluez-hcidump \
bluez-pcmcia-support bluez-tools bluez-utils python-bluez \
bluewhoindicator-bluetooth libbluetooth-dev  libgnome-bluetooth11 libbluetooth3

Edit the rc.local file -

sudo nano /etc/rc.local

Add the following line -

rfkill unblock bluetooth

Reboot the system and check again.


You may use kill -9 <pid> to kill the process. killall <processname> sends only SIGTERM to all the processes.

You need to send SIGKILL and for that first find <pid> using ps -ae | grep '<processname>'. Then issue the above mentioned kill command for all the processes that are listed by ps command.


Some custom icons are shown only in sudo mode

Your user may not have read permissions for the custom icon files.

Make sure the path to any custom icon has read permissions.

To set permissions to rw-r--r-- on the icon files so that the owner can read and write, and all other users can read the file, open a terminal and run:

chmod 644 /path/to/iconfile

If your user does not own the file, you will need to run the command under sudo:

sudo chmod 644 /path/to/iconfile


/usr/bin/dpkg returned an error when remove & install broken packages

Assuming you are running regular ubuntu and not ubuntu-gnome, run the following commands to fix the problem:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get purge openoffice* libreoffice* python3-uno
sudo apt-get install libreoffice-java-common libreoffice-sdbc-hsqldb libreoffice-core python3-uno libreoffice-math libreoffice-impress libreoffice-writer libreoffice-base-core libreoffice-gnome libreoffice-base libreoffice-sdbc-firebird libreoffice-report-builder-bin libreoffice-pdfimport libreoffice-avmedia-backend-gstreamer libreoffice-gtk libreoffice-base-drivers libreoffice-draw libreoffice-calc


Trigger jiggle animation on icon in Unity launcher

You can do it in Python like this:

#!/usr/bin/env python

from gi.repository import Unity, GObject

launcher = Unity.LauncherEntry.get_for_desktop_id ("notify-osd.desktop")

def do_urgency():
    urgent = launcher.get_property("urgent")
    launcher.set_property("urgent", not urgent)
    return True

GObject.timeout_add_seconds(1, do_urgency)

GObject.MainLoop().run()

Unfortunately the documentation for the Unit7 launcher API doesn't seem to be online any more (or ta least I can't find it now).


Change directory owner/group from root to a user

If you could run this command and post the output to the original question, it might help.
    cat /etc/passwd | grep toadmanager

If you get no output from the command it means that toadmanager is not a user on your system.
You can search for Users  in the Activities panel in Ubuntu 20.04 LTS, unlock the application, and use the green pushbutton to "Add User"  for toadmanager.


Error while loading shared libraries: libopenal.so.1 (Game 'pacapong' in Ubuntu 14.10)

The error is because this is a 32-bit game that you are trying to run in 64-bit Linux. I worked through the errors by googling error messages to figure out what packages I was missing. I ended up installing the following packages to get the game to run:

sudo apt-get install libxxf86vm1:i386 libglu1-mesa:i386 libopenal1:i386 libssl1.0.0:i386


Is there a way in Ubuntu to rip a CD to FLAC and add ReplayGain tags automatically?

Full disclosure: I am one of the former maintainers of abcde.

The command line ripper abcde has this ability. To install simply run the following command in a Terminal window:

sudo apt-get install abcde cdparanoia flac metaflac imagemagick glyrc

Then place the following configuration in a file ~/.abcde.conf:

# -----------------$HOME/.abcde.conf----------------- #
#
# A sample configuration file to convert music cds to
#       FLAC using abcde version 2.7.2
#
# Modified for AskUbuntu http://askubuntu.com/q/867593/57576
#  to allow ReplayGain as well as Album Art retrieval...
#
# http://andrews-corner.org/linux/abcde/index.html
# -------------------------------------------------- #

# Encode tracks immediately after reading. Saves disk space, gives
# better reading of 'scratchy' disks and better troubleshooting of
# encoding process but slows the operation of abcde quite a bit:
LOWDISK=y

# Specify the method to use to retrieve the track information,
# the alternative is to specify 'musicbrainz':
CDDBMETHOD=cddb

# Make a local cache of cddb entries and then volunteer to use
# these entries when and if they match the cd:
CDDBCOPYLOCAL="y"
CDDBLOCALDIR="$HOME/.cddb"
CDDBLOCALRECURSIVE="y"
CDDBUSELOCAL="y"

# Specify the encoder to use for FLAC. In this case
# flac is the only choice.
FLACENCODERSYNTAX=flac

# Specify the path to the selected encoder. In most cases the encoder
# should be in your $PATH as I illustrate below, otherwise you will
# need to specify the full path. For example: /usr/bin/flac
FLAC=flac

# Specify your required encoding options here. Multiple options can
# be selected as '--best --another-option' etc.
# Overall bitrate is about 880 kbs/s with level 8.
FLACOPTS='-s -e -V -8'

# Output type for FLAC.
OUTPUTTYPE="flac"

# Options to pass to metaflac for ReplayGain:
FLACGAINOPTS="--add-replay-gain"

# The cd ripping program to use. There are a few choices here: cdda2wav,
# dagrab, cddafs (Mac OS X only) and flac. New to abcde 2.7 is 'libcdio'.
CDROMREADERSYNTAX=cdparanoia

# Give the location of the ripping program and pass any extra options,
# if using libcdio set 'CD_PARANOIA=cd-paranoia'.
CDPARANOIA=cdparanoia
CDPARANOIAOPTS="--never-skip=40"

# Give the location of the CD identification program:
CDDISCID=cd-discid

# Give the base location here for the encoded music files.
OUTPUTDIR="$HOME/Music"

# The default actions that abcde will take.
ACTIONS=cddb,getalbumart,playlist,read,replaygain,encode,tag,move,clean

# Decide here how you want the tracks labelled for a standard 'single-artist',
# multi-track encode and also for a multi-track, 'various-artist' encode:
OUTPUTFORMAT='${OUTPUT}/${ARTISTFILE}-${ALBUMFILE}/${TRACKNUM}.${TRACKFILE}'
VAOUTPUTFORMAT='${OUTPUT}/Various-${ALBUMFILE}/${TRACKNUM}.${ARTISTFILE}-${TRACKFILE}'

# Decide here how you want the tracks labelled for a standard 'single-artist',
# single-track encode and also for a single-track 'various-artist' encode.
# (Create a single-track encode with 'abcde -1' from the commandline.)
ONETRACKOUTPUTFORMAT='${OUTPUT}/${ARTISTFILE}-${ALBUMFILE}/${ALBUMFILE}'
VAONETRACKOUTPUTFORMAT='${OUTPUT}/Various-${ALBUMFILE}/${ALBUMFILE}'

# Create playlists for single and various-artist encodes. I would suggest
# commenting these out for single-track encoding.
PLAYLISTFORMAT='${OUTPUT}/${ARTISTFILE}-${ALBUMFILE}/${ALBUMFILE}.m3u'
VAPLAYLISTFORMAT='${OUTPUT}/Various-${ALBUMFILE}/${ALBUMFILE}.m3u'

# This function takes out dots preceding the album name, and removes a grab
# bag of illegal characters. It allows spaces, if you do not wish spaces add
# in -e 's/ /_/g' after the first sed command.
mungefilename ()
{
  echo "$@" | sed -e 's/^\.*//' | tr -d ":><|*/\"'?[:cntrl:]"
}

# What extra options?
MAXPROCS=2                              # Run a few encoders simultaneously
PADTRACKS=y                             # Makes tracks 01 02 not 1 2
EXTRAVERBOSE=2                          # Useful for debugging
COMMENT='abcde version 2.7.2'           # Place a comment...
EJECTCD=y                               # Please eject cd when finished :-)

This is a basic configuration and many, many more options are available including:

Automatic embedding of the downloaded album art
Many, many other options for album art downloading
Different flac encoding options
The possibility of encoding to multiple other codecs simultaneously
Different file naming, folder locations etc

But this basic configuration may very well be enough for your purposes. If so simply insert you Audio CD and run the command:

abcde

And all should be well!

Note: Values are stored for both track and album gain, see the mediainfo output below. I have highlighted album and track values with a <-----:

General
Complete name                            : 01.Speak To Me Breathe.flac
Format                                   : FLAC
Format/Info                              : Free Lossless Audio Codec
File size                                : 20.2 MiB
Duration                                 : 4 min 0 s
Overall bit rate mode                    : Variable
Overall bit rate                         : 705 kb/s
Album replay gain                        : -3.68 dB  <-----
Album replay gain peak                   : 0.968201  <-----
Album                                    : Dark Side Of The Moon 1992 remaster
Track name                               : Speak To Me Breathe
Track name/Position                      : 01
Track name/Total                         : 09
Performer                                : Pink Floyd
Genre                                    : Psychedelic Rock
Recorded date                            : 1973
Cover                                    : Yes
Cover type                               : Cover (front)
Cover MIME                               : image/jpeg
Comment                                  : abcde version 2.7.2
CDDB                                     : 710a1109

Audio
Format                                   : FLAC
Format/Info                              : Free Lossless Audio Codec
Duration                                 : 4 min 0 s
Bit rate mode                            : Variable
Bit rate                                 : 705 kb/s
Channel(s)                               : 2 channels
Channel positions                        : Front: L R
Sampling rate                            : 44.1 kHz
Bit depth                                : 16 bits
Replay gain                              : -0.48 dB  <-----
Replay gain peak                         : 0.679779  <-----
Stream size                              : 20.2 MiB (100%)
Writing library                          : libFLAC 1.3.1 (UTC 2014-11-25)

References:

abcde: Downloading Album Art...
abcde: Ripping with lossless codecs...


Nautilus doesn't differentiate between pdf and doc?

One solution is to show information about the MIME type in Nautilus. PDF files will show as application/pdf, ODT files as application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text and DOC files as application/msword.

To do this in Ubuntu 14,04, open Nautilus, go to "Edit" -> "Preferences" -> "List Columns" and check the box next to "MIME Type".


Finally, today I found the time to make a backup and then I just tried what happens when I remove the package and reboot.

So far, the package manager does not complain about any broken dependencies and I haven't recognized anything not working that was working before, so it seems the package is safe to remove if autoremove starts advising it after one of the more recent updates to Ubuntu.


"Kernel panic - not syncing: No init found. Try passing init = option to kernel" after installing Ubuntu with UEFI

Please fix the bootsector of your sda1 partition this way: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootSectorFix

This should fix your Windows error.


unbootable Windows 10 (dual boot U 16.04.1 and W10)

If you've got two copies of Ubuntu installed, you have one copy of the GRUB binary in the boot process, but two copies of the GRUB configuration and support files (grub.cfg and related files) -- one in the /boot/grub directory for the first Ubuntu and another in the same directory for the second Ubuntu. (The two Ubuntus have separate filesystems, so you have two /boot/grub directories on your computer.) Which GRUB configuration and support files are used depends on how the GRUB binary in the boot process is configured. The last Ubuntu to install or update its GRUB is likely to be the one whose configuration and support files will be used.

This is the source of at least some of your problems -- the GRUB configuration files used at boot time keep changing, so the appearance of GRUB, what options it contains, etc., will also keep changing. Worse, when Ubuntu A reconfigures itself, it might or might not correctly detect options for booting Ubuntu B, and vice-versa. IMHO, this is a fundamental design flaw of GRUB.

One way around the problem is to manually reconfigure GRUB. This will require considerable expertise on GRUB configuration. I don't happen to have any pointers to suitable documentation; I'm afraid that long ago I became so frustrated with GRUB that I gave up on it....

Another approach is to switch to another boot loader. Several EFI boot loaders for Linux are available, as described on this page of mine. Most of these options require more manual tinkering than GRUB does, but that manual tinkering is easier than it is with GRUB. My own rEFInd boot manager is likely to be the easiest and most flexible of these alternatives. It has the advantage that it scans for kernels at boot time, so it needn't be reconfigured when kernels are updated, so it won't get out of sync with Ubuntu A vs. Ubuntu B when one Ubuntu's kernels are updated.


Confirmed to be a bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/upstart/+bug/1174272
The solution using sudo shutdown -r 0 to reboot, and sudo shutdown -h now to shut down, worked around it. It seems to be getting some attention now.


how to execute privileged commands at system startup

You should use /etc/sysctl.conf instead.

(Or /etc/sysctl.d/ directory to put config files there)

But you should slightly change the syntax of your configuration.


Cannot login to tty / Login incorrect / Unity Launcher and Menu Bar disappeared in 14.04

You may be using the wrong username. As usernames do not usually contain spaces or capitals, the username that is created for you is different than the name that appears on the LightDM log-in screen.

To solve, log-in to TTY1 using just stefan as the username, and then follow the instructions in the other question for the rest of your issue.


How to install packages with no internet / Update to 18.04 - no WiFi anymore

If you still have access to internet, you can still dowload the packages from https://packages.ubuntu.com/ to usb stick and install them with sudo dpkg -i packagename.deb


How do I search in multiple files with "cat"?

I think it's not possible to get the filenames after you piped the result of cat like in your example, because the cat command will just concatenate the contents, the information about filenames is gone after that.
What you could do instead is to rely on the grep command's behavior when it gets multiple input files, then grep will show the filename for each match.
So, instead of
cat * | grep password:

you could do this:
grep password: *


and welcome to Ask Ubuntu.

Here is a nice guide for starters:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UsingTheTerminal

It is in english, though, and it does not seem to be your native language. If you tell us what that is, we might be able to find something with a smoother learning curve for you.

Enjoy it!


Use Brightness Controller(https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/brightness-controller/). It should work.


Loading Windows 10 by GRUB in Dual Boot properly

Unfortunately I have not found easy solution.

Seems like Grub Repair has overwritten Windows Boot Loader and event Windows Repair from Live USB has not succeeded in repairing ...

I have just reinstalled Windows 10 from Live USB and it restored Windows Boot Loader properly. After this I have been able to start Ubuntu and Windows properly from Grub.

If there is easier solution I am ready to listen ...

Additional thanks to @oldfred


I recommend you backup the list of installed applications, backup your config files in /etc, and your home directory, the just reinstall ( Windows first ).  You only need 10-20 gb of space for Ubuntu, and you can keep your data files only on the Windows partition; there is no need to upload them to dropbox and download to the other OS too.  Then restore your installed applications, config files, and home directory.


The problem has somehow solved itself, I think either through logout or through a reboot. So for all out there who ever have a similar problem like this one, perhaps a reboot is sufficient.

Detail to be noted: I have defined the connection through
Menu > Preferences > Network connections

and not through the console based application that opens from the network widget. This connection now appears as an additional tun0, not as vypr, as used to in 18.04. VyprVPN also appears when I click the widget, but not as the active connection. Left click -> information also shows all three connections.

I am not quite sure why this is so, but at least the VPN works now, so the problem is solved.

update

I have now two network widgets in the launch bar. The new one I got with the installation of the system, and the one I am used to from previous versions. That one offers all the comfort I am used to.


Problem on run mysql with arguments from own script

In ordinary usage, you shouldn't have any reason for using a plain $*. You should always be using "$@" (note that the quotes are included):

#!/bin/bash
mysql -u myuser -pmypwd mydatabase --table "$@"

Only with "$@" will your script arguments pe passed as-is to the command, this is safe from field splitting and globbing.

To see the difference, run a script containing

#!/bin/bash
printf "%s\n" $*
printf "%s\n" $@
printf "%s\n" "$*"
printf "%s\n" "$@"

with various arguments.


Prevent sleep/suspend when not logged in to a specific account

When no user is signed on
When no user is signed on the power settings come from psuedo-user ID gdm. The following controls for GDM auto-suspend come from: ArchLinux GDM
GDM auto-suspend (GNOME 3.28)
GDM uses a separate dconf database to control power management. You can make GDM behave the same way as user sessions by copying the user settings to GDM's dconf database.
$ IFS=$'\n'; for x in $(sudo -u username gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power); do eval "sudo -u gdm dbus-launch gsettings set $x"; done; unset IFS

where username is your user's name.
Or to simply disable auto-suspend (also run the command with ac replaced with battery to also disable it while running on battery):
$ sudo -u gdm dbus-launch gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-ac-type 'nothing'


Just Installed 11.10 on a PC that had problems with 9 - First Run, Screens going black

This sounds like a hardware problem. It's happening more and more frequently and seems to happen independent of the Ubuntu version you are using.

You may need to replace your video card.


As @ridgy so helpfully pointed out in the comments:

  As long as the file is in use it will not be really deleted, but removed from the directory. The inode of the file is still in use. You may find the inode number by issuing lsof | grep vlc; this will show a file with no name and the message (deleted) instead. The inode number is the number in front of that. You can then relink the file to the directory with ln <inode#> <filename>.

And later on:

  The inode is 45 (the number in front of the file path). But I just realized that ln does not work on inodes (could not get it to work..). But as you see that the file is used by vlc, filedescriptor # 31 (see 31r before REG), you could do cat /proc/2671/fd/31 > file_to_save, which will copy the content to a new file. 2671 is the process # of vlc (number after vlc).

And, indeed, running

 cat /proc/2671/fd/31 > file_to_save

grabbed the file and stored it to my hard drive.  Thanks!


Same problem here (large circle with two small pointers) but only when i select a large eraser. I think it's related to the cursor size, because at a high zoom level, with a normal brush, the cursor also breaks : it changes to stranges crossed lines.

The only solution i found is to set Freehand cursor type to Réticule (sorry i don't know the word in english) in Preferences>View, but you can't see the brush size limits anymore...


UPDATE:

Actually exFat works perfect for both linux and os X.  Wasted so much time. The above solution needs me to add new user in virtual box so that I can switch uid for my working user account. Somehow that it's a problem.


tethering iphone 6s and ubuntu 20.04 - not working

If you are running iOS 14 on your 6S then this is the problem. Yes you need libimobliedevice and ipheth-utils, but iOS 14 introduced an incompatibility.  You can read about it in various forums eg:

Has the iOS14 tethering issue been resolved? - For Developers - OpenWrt Forum

IOS14 USB tethering not working · Issue #1038 · libimobiledevice/libimobiledevice · GitHub

The Linux community have developed a workaround which has already been pushed into the latest kernels (I think all 5.10.x, but also some 5.9.x), but Ubuntu 20.04 is not using that latest kernel.
There is a Ubuntu utility called mainline-gtk, which lets you upgrade your Ubuntu kernel with just a few clicks.  I used it upgrade my Ubuntu 20.04 kernel from 5.4.0-58 to 5.10.4 and tethering started working immediately.
From Check and Update Ubuntu Kernel Version on Ubuntu 20.04 – Linux Hint:

The Mainline tool is not available in official Ubuntu repositories, so we will need to manually add its PPA to the sources.list file in our system. Use the apt-add-repository command for this purpose:
sudo apt-add-repository -y ppa:cappelikan/ppa

Once you have added the mainline repository, the following step is to update the system’s repository index:
sudo apt update

Next, install the Mainline tool with this command:
sudo apt install mainline

The system might ask for confirmation by providing you with a Y/N option. Hit Y to continue, after which the Mainline tool will be installed on your system.

Launch the mainline tool from the Ubuntu search bar as follows:

When the Mainline tool is launched, you will see the following installer window with a list of new and available kernel versions. You may install a new version by selecting the version from the list and clicking the Install button on the bar to the right.

After this step, the following Authentication dialog will appear. Enter the super user password and click the Authenticate button.

The installation of the selected kernel version will begin, and you will be able to see the installation process in a new window.
Now, reboot your system and verify the new kernel version:
uname -r


Q: How to interpret "COGNAC_ERROR" from juju deployment in GCE

It's the error you get when you reach your per region resource limits for a GCE account.  You can request more instances, cores, disks from GCE support, the process is usually quite quick.

Resource Quotas | Compute Engine Documentation | Google Cloud


Enable Intellij or Android Studio KDE Global Menu

LAST UPDATE

Intellij version 2020.2.1 has been reported with issues in global menu, previous version worked out of the box
Intellij issue track link

Some hope for Android Studio, global menu is working in version 4.2 Canary10
Android Studio issue track link


404 not found - error while updating using aptitude

When you run it, apt-get is not able to find the directory in the server.

With a browser you can try to follow the link http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/raring-security/restricted/binary-i386/Packages and you will find an error because it doesn't exist anymore the directory.

If you rise the path you will have the first non error page in  http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/. From here you can see which are the distribution you can still download.

So you can edit your /etc/apt/sources.list and substitute all the repository like http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/raring-security/restricted/ with

http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/trusty-security/restricted/  to switch to a supported one. It is the 14.04 LTS, or Trusty Tahr, supported till April 2019...
http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/raring-security/restricted/  to change source to the old one.

A suggestion: dist-upgrade as you can.

If you need to remain with the old version, as suggested by diogo-melo, you can change your source list doing the replacement  with the command:

  sudo sed -i 's/archive.ubuntu/old-releases.ubuntu/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

I strongly recommend to do in advance a backup copy of your source.list file

 sudo cp -i  /etc/apt/sources.list  /etc/apt/sources.list.old

It will prompt in case sources.list.old already exists and, in this case, feel you free to use another name for the backup copy.


Can't connect to MySQL server on '127.0.0.1'

What is firewall you use in server: Ufw or Itables:
The first, With firewall ufw  you can allow port mysql with command:

sudo ufw allow from any[Maybe IP] to any port 3306

Second, With firewall Iptables you allow with command:

iptables -I INPUT -s 192.168.241.41 -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT && /etc/init.d/iptables save

After you can check port with netstat and telnet from client:

netstat -tulpn |grep 3306


Scripts in /etc/profile.d/ will be executed every time someone logs in. It may be the wrong place to put a script that needs to be executed during system boot. You better write a start/stop script or put your script into /etc/rc.local:

user@host:~# cat /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.

exit 0


Write a desktop file with the contents:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Google Drive
Type=Application
Icon=google-drive
Exec=x-www-browser "https://drive.google.com/#my-drive"
StartupWMClass=DriveGoogleCom

save it to ~/.local/share/applications/ with the name GoogleDrive.desktop (for example). Download the GDrive icon from here, and save it to ~/.icons/ with the name google-drive.svg.

Note: If the directories ~/.icons/ or ~/.local/share/applications/ don't exist you should create them:

mkdir -pv ~/.{icons,local/share/applications}

I haven't used Lubuntu in a long time, but now the Google Drive/Docs/whatever launcher should appear on the application launcher (and I guess you could pin it to the panel or create a desktop shortcut).


After reproducing your error, I was able to get it running by following the general linux start instructions here.

First, kill all boinc processes including the manager:

sudo killall boinc
killall boincmgr

Then start the daemon:

sudo /etc/init.d/boinc-client start

Fire up your manager again and give it a shot.

I also found a system restart can provide roughly the same effect.

Let me know if this does the trick.


How can I install Flash for Brave browser?

I could make Flash work with Brave through these steps:

Installed Brave via the .deb file.
Installed the adobe-flashplugin package following this guide.
Created symlinks so Brave finds the plugin:

sudo mkdir /usr/lib/pepperflashplugin-nonfree
sudo ln -s ../adobe-flashplugin/libpepflashplayer.so /usr/lib/pepperflashplugin-nonfree/libpepflashplayer.so
sudo ln -s ../adobe-flashplugin/manifest.json /usr/lib/pepperflashplugin-nonfree/manifest.json

Started Brave and enabled Adobe Flash support from Settings -> Plugins

Edit:

Hmm.. I was too quick. Even if I could enable Flash in the browser, the sites I tested with failed to read the plugin. Will revisit this attempt at an answer soon.


Opening music file in caja opens VLC as superuser

A very odd problem, indeed. After investigating the code results pertaining to firejail --debug, I installed it (yesterday), I attempted to remove restrictions with firecfg, and discovered that I had no sudo privileges whatsoever to do ANYTHING. I uninstalled firejail, and successfully had privileges returned to the console. VLC now fires up as a regular user. I then reinstalled firejail, only to discover vlc is still a regular user upon startup, but my firefox now opens as a superuser. The problem is firejail, and Id say the original question/problem has been resolved. Thanks N0rbert.


ubuntu 21.04 how do I turn off hot top edge maximising windows

I installed gnome-tweaks and turned off edge-tiling. It worked for me.


Laptop does not boot from usb memory at all

Do you have usb2 port in your computer? Try to use it.


What is the difference between a hard link and a symbolic link?

"A picture is worth a thousand words."

And, "An example is worth a hundred paragraphs..."

Create two files:

$ touch blah1
$ touch blah2

Enter some data into them:

$ echo "Cat" > blah1
$ echo "Dog" > blah2

And as expected:

$cat blah1; cat blah2
Cat
Dog

Let's create hard and soft links:

$ ln blah1 blah1-hard
$ ln -s blah2 blah2-soft

Let's see what just happened:

$ ls -l

blah1
blah1-hard
blah2
blah2-soft -> blah2

Changing the name of blah1 does not matter:

$ mv blah1 blah1-new
$ cat blah1-hard
Cat

blah1-hard points to the inode, the contents, of the file - that wasn't changed.

$ mv blah2 blah2-new
$ ls blah2-soft
blah2-soft
$ cat blah2-soft
cat: blah2-soft: No such file or directory

The contents of the file could not be found because the soft link points to the name, that was changed, and not to the contents.
Similarly, If blah1 is deleted, blah1-hard still holds the contents; if blah2 is deleted, blah2-soft is just a link to a non-existing file.

source: blatantly copying it from StackOverflow!


Ubuntu 14.04 syslog showing @@@@ for long time period

Typically a bunch of @@@@ in a log file are actually 0X00 bytes, and are due to some sort of crash or failure event where things have gone astray. Typically, the only recovery is a hard reset, as you found in your case. You should examine all the files in `/var/log' to try to gain insight into what happened.


How can I create folders in folders in terminal

You may want to put on your {curly} braces for this one

For the sake of this argument we will pretend ./music doesn't exist

In your base directory for ./music we will use the -p command to create sub-directories where needed and the curly braces will be used to create a small array

The command -p is short for parent, if it's easier to remember you may use --parent instead

mkdir -p ./music/{"1. Albums","2. EP","3. Singles","4. Live"}

If you wish to play around with this you may, for example

mkdir -p ./folder/prefix{a{1/only,2,3},b,c}suffix/more{z,y,x}

You have nested expressions, you may insert the braces in to the middle of a string and you can also allow the subdirectory to follow suit, and you can be specific with your sub directories for a particular array

I suggest you make a file somewhere where you can make your own templates with such commands and give them descriptions

Visit this page for more information https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/bash-brace-expansion and https://www.linux.com/tutorials/all-about-curly-braces-bash/


apt-cache --installed show lists packages that are not installed

They are explaining things wrong. That option is a modifier of the rdepends and depends commands:

  --installed
      Limit the output of depends and rdepends to packages which are currently installed. Configuration
      Item: APT::Cache::Installed

But then, it just don't show that, but is the list of the package that are installed, i. e.:

$ apt-cache depends kde-baseapps-bin
kde-baseapps-bin
  Depends: kde-runtime
  Depends: libc6
  Depends: libkdecore5
  Depends: libkdeui5
  Depends: libkfile4
  Depends: libkio5
  Depends: libkparts4
  Depends: libqt4-dbus
  Depends: libqt4-xml
  Depends: libqtcore4
  Depends: libqtgui4
  Depends: libstdc++6
  Depends: libx11-6
  Depends: kde-baseapps-data
  Breaks: <kcontrol>
  Breaks: <kcontrol:amd64>
  Breaks: kdebase-bin
  Breaks: <kdebase-bin:amd64>
  Breaks: <kdesktop>
  Breaks: <kdesktop:amd64>
  Replaces: kdebase-bin
  Replaces: <kdebase-bin:amd64>
  Conflicts: kde-baseapps-bin:amd64

As you can see, all the dependencies of the package, if I use --installed:

apt-cache --installed depends kde-baseapps-bin
kde-baseapps-bin
  Depends: libc6
  Depends: libqt4-dbus
  Depends: libqt4-xml
  Depends: libqtcore4
  Depends: libqtgui4
  Depends: libstdc++6
  Depends: libx11-6

Shorter, right? Out of all dependencies of that package, those are the only ones that I have installed. That's what the --installed modifier do, it do not list all the installed package.


How to play protected youtube videos in mpv?

Because you have youtube-dl installed, a possible workaround will be to stream the output of youtube-dl to the mpv player:

youtube-dl -f best -o - "{youtube-video-url}" | mpv -

# with your video example:
youtube-dl -f best -o - "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pdGn4r1lD0" | mpv -


Why is my 16.04 LTS showing Kernel version 4.10.0-42 - related to Meltdown Patch

Please refer to this diagram from the page https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack

If you are running 16.04.3 LTS and using kernel 4.10.0-42-generic, you can see that the schedule planned to have your system updated to 16.04.4 and the 4.13 kernel family next month.

Instead of patching the 4.10 kernel family, which would only be used for a few weeks, the plan is to update these systems to 16.04.4 early, which will pull in the patched 4.13 kernel instead.

Bottom line, sit tight and wait for the update to show up. I would guess it will be tomorrow.

Reference: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SecurityTeam/KnowledgeBase/SpectreAndMeltdown


You should use PAE if you want your software to be 32-bit. But it is recommended to use 64-bit software as it has more hardware optimizations.

To use PAE, run in the Terminal:

sudo apt-get install linux-image-generic-pae

then reboot. Source.

Here are the links for Ubuntu 64-bit. Note that you should reinstall it:

LTS Release (12.04.4)
Latest Release (13.10)


How to restrict the "find" command to a physical drive?

You can instruct find to never cross a filesystem boundary. From man find:

-xdev  Don't descend directories on other filesystems.

However, this does not distinguish between filesystems on the network and on local physical drives.

Note that this means:

find / -xdev ... will not, for example, go into /proc
but find /* -xdev will.

This is because the "other filesystems" check is done with respect to the paths that were given as arguments.


Boot Ubuntu from your Live Disk and download Ubuntu Boot Repair and start the Automatic Repair to resolve your issue.


All files from Ubuntu One are gone after re-installing windows 7

I think your Ubuntu One files are still there but didn't sync on Windows 7 because the Ubuntu one client for windows still isn't stable and It never worked for me either (Never synced on Windows 7 for me).

If this is the case then you should be able to access all your Ubuntu One files from the web interface on https://one.ubuntu.com Go to the link and sign in and you'd be able to access your synced files.


How do I enable instance console access in Ubuntu Openstack?

VNC connections can be a bit tricky to get going, but I have found the 'novnc' option works quite well:

# Enable the 'novnc'
juju set nova-cloud-controller 'console-access-protocol=novnc'
juju debug-log   # wait for some sort of quiet state

Then, any new instances you launch should be able to get a console view in the web browser:


Re-route connections to another external server

sudo route add and sudo route del commands allow you to edit the routing tables, which contain specifications which interface and which gateway are used for accessing a given target host or network. See man route for details.

route without any other parameters displays the current routing tables.


It looks like your problem is, you might not have anything connected to the port you are trying to send the xrandr command to.  I tested some on my system here and received the same error.  Make sure that you are running the command on the correct port.  I will use an older monitor of mine as a demonstration.

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ cvt 1280 1024
# 1280x1024 59.89 Hz (CVT 1.31M4) hsync: 63.67 kHz; pclk: 109.00 MHz
Modeline "1280x1024_60.00"  109.00  1280 1368 1496 1712  1024 1027 1034 1063 -hsync +vsync

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ xrandr --newmode "1280x1024_60.00"  109.00  1280 1368 1496 1712  1024 1027 1034 1063 -hsync +vsync

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ xrandr --addmode DVI-I-0 1280x1024_60.00
X Error of failed request:  BadMatch (invalid parameter attributes)
  Major opcode of failed request:  140 (RANDR)
  Minor opcode of failed request:  18 (RRAddOutputMode)
  Serial number of failed request:  33
  Current serial number in output stream:  34

Here's the error.  The next line shows me all my connected DVI ports.

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ xrandr | grep -w connected
DVI-I-1 connected 1024x768+1920+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 0mm x 0mm
DVI-I-2 connected primary 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 509mm x 286mm

As we can see, mine that I want is connected to DVI-I-1, so I corrected the line to match my connected monitor.

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ xrandr --addmode DVI-I-1 1280x1024_60.00

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ xrandr --output DVI-I-1 --mode 1280x1024_60.00

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ xrandr | grep -w connected
DVI-I-1 connected 1280x1024+1920+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 0mm x 0mm
DVI-I-2 connected primary 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 509mm x 286mm

And now, my monitor took the new mode and looks good.

Hope this helps!


fsck.ext4 does not fix a few corrupt files?

fsck can only get the filesystem meta data back into a sane state so that it won't confuse the kernel.  If you had file data that was not written at the time of a crash, then it is gone.


Non-jailed SSH user getting /bin/bash permission denied

This will be the problem:

  /bin/bash is root:root and 0644

On sane systems

$ ls -l /bin/bash
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1037464 Sep  1  2015 /bin/bash

the bash should be executable by everyone, which is 755

chmod 755 /bin/bash

should make it working for you.


How do I hide particular applications from launcher (taskbar / dock) on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS?

Right-click on icon in launcher and choose "Remove from Favorites".


I am confused with the example you have provided in the question.. it uses Unity..
but 18.04 Defaults to GNOME

I assume you are using GNOME and not Unity..

Once you have created the hotspot in any way and once it is active..

run the below command
nmcli device show

and note down the value for GENERAL.CONNECTION:
in my case it is Hotspot-21

Example:

pratap@i3-6550U:~$ nmcli device show
GENERAL.DEVICE:                         wlp2s0
GENERAL.TYPE:                           wifi
GENERAL.HWADDR:                         E0:94:67:64:C5:8F
GENERAL.MTU:                            1500
GENERAL.STATE:                          100 (connected)
GENERAL.CONNECTION:                     Hotspot-21

now use the commands below to toggle on and off (#Replace Hotspot-21 with your value)

nmcli connection up Hotspot-21
nmcli connection down Hotspot-21

Source: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/bionic/man1/nmcli.1.html

       wifi hotspot [ifname ifname] [con-name name] [ssid SSID] [band {a | bg}] [channel channel]
   [password password]
       Create a Wi-Fi hotspot. The command creates a hotspot connection profile according to
       Wi-Fi device capabilities and activates it on the device. The hotspot is secured with
       WPA if device/driver supports that, otherwise WEP is used. Use connection down or
       device disconnect to stop the hotspot.


Upgraded to 12.10, and now most of my installed GNOME Shell extensions are "outdated"

http://www.noobslab.com/2012/10/install-gnome-shell-36-and-gnome-shell.html

this helped me, but it contains only some of them...I don't do how to get the others, because from the website they don't work...even if you put them on ''on'' mode, they're not installed


BIOS
Alienware M11xR3
You have BIOS A04.
There's a newer BIOS available, A05, dated June 4, 2020, and can be downloaded from here.
Note: Confirm that I have the correct web page for your model #.
Note: Have good backups before updating the BIOS.
Swap
It sounds like you're using a /swapfile, instead of a swap partition. To confirm it, do:
grep -i swap /etc/fstab

Your /swapfile is too small for only 4G RAM. Let's increase it to 4G.
Note: Incorrect use of the dd command can cause data loss. Suggest copy/paste.
sudo swapoff -a           # turn off swap
sudo rm -i /swapfile      # remove old /swapfile

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096

sudo chmod 600 /swapfile  # set proper file protections
sudo mkswap /swapfile     # init /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile     # turn on swap
free -h                   # confirm 4G RAM and 4G swap

Add this line to /etc/fstab, if it's not already there...
/swapfile    none    swap    sw      0   0

Reboot, and verify proper swap operation with free -h.


What is the difference between upstream and downstream when referring to who to go to as a developer?

Think of it as a great river, with the people who write the software as the source of the river. They would be the upstream, futher downstream would be your distribution, and at the end of the river would be the user. Ubuntu is in the middle of the river.

Upstream would be the software that Ubuntu packages and ships to users. Things like GNOME, Firefox, X.org, the Linux kernel, and many more applications. This is the bulk of the things that are in the archive, as they represent a collection of upstream projects.

Ubuntu has one special upstream, Debian, which Ubuntu derives from. So, they are Ubuntu's upstream for many packages, though for some packages, like the kernel, Ubuntu packages directly from the upstream project, though for the majority of packages Debian is the upstream to Ubuntu, and the project that is packaged is upstream to Debian.

Downstreams of Ubuntu would be Ubuntu derived distributions, like Linux Mint.

Examples of usage of this term depends on the context. So for example if you have a bug with Firefox that Ubuntu didn't introduce then you might hear the term "Make sure you're reporting that bug upstream". The person means reporting the bug directly to Firefox in this case.

In the case of Ubuntu, getting the right feedback from users to the upstream developers is an important thing we do. Here are some links of what we do:

Upstream information for application developers. I maintain this namespace as a landing page for upstream application developers who want to understand how to work with Ubuntu.
Reporting bugs upstream, see the report.
Ensuring patches from users get back upstream so they can be integrated. Remember that every patch carried in a distro has an engineering cost AND improving the software for everyone is a goal.
Our work with Debian.

To better answer your question here are some examples of how someone would tell you to talk to an upstream:

"I want to make a multimedia application for Ubuntu" - You would use the upstream gstreamer framework.
"I want my app to talk to other apps over the internet" - You would use the upstream telepathy framework.
"I want to add a feature to Firefox." - You would go talk to Firefox directly and do all that work upstream.
"I want to add an Ubuntu specific feature to Firefox" - You would talk to Ubuntu as it's likely upstream wouldn't want or care about the feature. A maintainer will let you know.
Likewise, if you were to report a bug to an upstream app (like Firefox) that was caused by something in Ubuntu, not Firefox, they would refer you to report the bug downstream. (thanks tj111)


HP TC4200 tablet Stylus not working on Unity interface

It's a known bug, and it happens with every tablet I've tried so far.  The problem seems to be that if you move the stylus even one pixel while you're clicking -- and it's almost impossible not to -- then unity thinks you are dragging and scrolls the panel instead.


After upgrading to Ubuntu 18.04 LTS unable to login with Ubuntu session

What I found is that gdm3 (GNOME login manager) is broken somehow especially with AMD GPU graphics. To get around it, remove it completely.

I also reinstalled LightDM login display manager.

Then I found that the default desktop was also broken and kept kicking me back out to the login screen when I tried to login, so I chose 'Ubuntu Unity' instead when I type in my username and password section in the now FIXED login manager. Everything now works.

To achieve this, here's what I did.

sudo apt purge lightdm -y
sudo apt install lightdm -y

A screen will pop up and ask you to choose lightdm or some other login manager. Choose lightdm.

sudo apt purge gdm3 -y # Get rid of gdm3, it's broken.
sudo reboot

On reboot, your login screen should now work.
If not then unfortunately, you are like me because when I tried, I got kicked back to the login screen again after around 8 seconds.
The GNOME Desktop Manager is also broken.

So from there, the login screen, click on the little wheel-like Ubuntu circle next to your name and choose Ubuntu Unity as the desktop, not Ubuntu or Wayland. From there on everything should just work.

Obviously there are some really bad incompatibilities with gdm3 and GNOME in general with AMD GPUs

If you don't have Unity installed, go back to the text login and run:

sudo apt install unity -y

Then reboot again when finished.

Now you should be able to select Unity desktop manager.
GNOME desktop seems seriously broken for me. I hope they fix these bugs soon.

This issue is fixed for me now.


WiFi repeatedly asks for password (Ubuntu 12.10 fresh)

Figured the problem. My new Wireless keyboard/mouse were conflicting with the frequency of the hotspot. I changed the channel and it's fixed!


Abbreviations in the Ubuntu Software Center

Visit the Ubuntu Glossary wiki. The Glossary of Terms in the Ubuntu Glossary wiki is meant to be an information resource and reference of commonly and uncommonly used terms, arranged alphabetically.

There are many other sources of information about decoding abbreviations and acronyms, etc. on the web, however the advantage of the Ubuntu Glossary wiki is that it is Ubuntu-specific.


You are doing well, the disk/partition with Ubuntu itself normally is not shown in the Nautilus as, for example, the Windows partitions are shown. Instead you can see it in gparted as at your picture,

or, for example, in:

mount -l

which makes me thing you will find there this string:

/dev/sdb1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro)


how i can create a filename start with "

You didn't mention which shell, but I'll assume bash. Well then, Congratulations!  The quoted/escaped string you are using is actually correct.
So why did you think it was wrong?  You didn't show your output or how you retrieved it, but I'm also going to assume that you used ls (it's only natural).
ls is returning '"\?$*'\''Helloword'\''*$?\"'.  But that's actually just another quoted/escaped form of what you are asking for, "\?$*'Helloword'*$?\".
Want/need proof?
First, do another touch, but this time using the form that ls is showing you:
touch '"\?$*'\''Helloword'\''*$?\"'

Now do another ls.  Still only the one file there, right?
'"\?$*'\''Helloword'\''*$?\"' == "\?$*'Helloword'*$?\"
Further, exa, a modern replacement for ls written in Rust, does return the form you started with:
> exa -l \"*
.rw-r--r-- 0 username 30 Apr  1:35 "\?$*'Helloword'*$?\"

But you don't need to install exa to see that.  A much more basic ls replacement can be had with:
> echo \"*
"\?$*'Helloword'*$?\"

Side note:
I sometimes find it easier to build up complicated quoting/escaping cases step-by-step.  For instance:
> filename=Helloword
> filename="'$filename'"
> filename=\*$filename\*
> filename=\$$filename\$
> filename=\?$filename\?
> filename=\\$filename\\
> filename=\"$filename\"
> echo $filename
"\?$*'Helloword'*$?\"
> touch $filename

Of course, you can echo the variable at any stage to make sure you are on the right track.


For me the problem appears randomly. Most often there is no indicator appears but the main Viber window appears, some times Viber indicator works normally, some times the original indicator appears in the wrong position and very rarely there are both indicators.
The solution for me is to create AnyName.desktop file in ~/.config/autostart (not in system-wise autorun folder. AnyName is any unique valid name) with the following code:

Type=Application
Exec=/usr/bin/viberwrapper-indicator
Hidden=false
NoDisplay=false
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true
X-GNOME-Autostart-Delay=30
Name=Viber Indicator
Comment=Run Viber

This cause automatic start of Viber indicator 30 seconds after system login. The last lines "Name" and "Comment" may contain any human-understandable text after "=". The value "30" for "X-GNOME-Autostart-Delay" works for me but can be changed for different computers. In my case absence of this statement cause no initialization of my USB sound card (May be conflict with its driver initialization).


On terminal, go to:

/opt/folder you have installed Xilinx/.xinstall/bin/lin

or lin64, it depends on how you have installed it.

Then run this command:

sudo ./xsetup -uninstall

Hope it helps.


Add #!/bin/bash shebang.
Older Ubuntu versions had ash as the default shell, that didn't support arrays.
And run the script this way:
./svar.sh

Don't use sh, etc.


mixed installation - how to remove older version of openscenegraph

sudo apt-get remove --purge openscenegraph


Restoring Ubuntu 16.04 sign-on screen after removing LXDE / Lubuntu

You need to run sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth and then run sudo update-initramfs -u

Edit 1: As was stated here you need to add

[SeatDefaults]
greeter-session=unity-greeter
user-session=ubuntu

to /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf and then reinstall and purge lightdm completely.


What I think is happening is this:

The computer is trying to boot from EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi on the ESP. Instead of being Windows (as this file should be), it's a copy of Shim, which then tries to launch, in turn, grubx64.efi and MokManager.efi from the same directory. Both of these files are missing, so this step displays error messages, fails, and leads to....
The computer tries to boot from EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi, which is also Shim, which tries to launch the same follow-on programs from that directory. These files are absent, so....
The computer boots EFI/ubuntu/shimx64.efi. This copy of Shim succeeds in launching grubx64.efi and the boot process succeeds normally.

Tracking backward in time, Boot Repair will sometimes set up copies of GRUB (and Shim and related tools) in EFI/Microsoft/Boot and in EFI/BOOT as a way of working around ugly EFI bugs that prevent some computers from remembering their boot orders. This Boot Repair practice is an ugly hack that is a workaround for an equally ugly bug. Sometimes it's necessary, but there are also cases when it's applied unnecessarily. Over-application of this copying hack was particularly common a few years ago, but the Boot Repair developers eventually stepped back and made such copying an option rather than the default.

In any event, it looks like this Boot Repair hack was applied to your system and then something (the GRUB update, perhaps) went in and deleted grubx64.efi and MokManager.efi from the EFI/Microsoft/Boot and EFI/BOOT directories on your ESP. This would result in precisely the behavior you see. This hypothesis is somewhat supported by the efibootmgr output in your Boot Repair output (lines 1002-1010), which shows a boot order of the Microsoft boot manager followed by Ubuntu. (There's no evidence of a boot to EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi in there, but that could be the action of the EFI bug that Boot Repair's hack is intended to overcome.)

BEWARE: You're treading in dangerous territory because your system is in a non-standard state and, if Boot Repair's hack was necessary, your firmware is defective. Attempts to fix this problem, if unsuccessful, could create even worse problems. Before you do anything else, I strongly recommend that you back up your ESP (/boot/efi in Ubuntu). That will provide some recovery options if things get worse.

It's possible that the following command will fix the problem:

sudo efibootmgr -o 0001,0002,0003,2001

In theory, that at least should not make matters any worse; but if your computer really required the ugly hack of a workaround applied by Boot Repair, all bets are off. If your firmware is defective, this command may end up having no effect at all, in which case another solution may be necessary: Copy grubx64.efi, grub.cfg, and MokManager.efi from EFI/ubuntu on the ESP (/boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu in Linux) to EFI/Microsoft/Boot and to EFI/BOOT on the ESP.

If copying the files is necessary, then your firmware is defective, and a better solution is to replace your defective computer with one that works. This may sound like an over-reaction, but certain manufacturers (HP and Sony spring to mind) have been delivering defective EFIs for years. Call me frustrated.


What image slideshow applications have many transition effects?

Have you tried Shotwell (it is default in Ubuntu)?

And there is F-spot Photo Manager  Click to install

  F-Spot is a full-featured personal photo management application for the GNOME desktop. It simplifies digital photography by providing intuitive tools to help you share, touch-up, find and organize your images. It allows for importing of your existing photo collections, tagging photos with identifiers, as well as doing simple edits of photos (e.g. rotating).

And There is Picasa : Picasa
Very well known and great image Application.
Picasa slide show:


After installing a new program usually you need to run it.
Follow this tutorial on Apache server.


How do I install a second disk of a pc game?

I've found that some things struggle because they've used a /media/oli/Disk 1 style path. When you unmount the first disk and replace it you'll end up with /media/oli/Disk 2... Which naturally breaks everything.

CDs should also be mounted at /media/cdrom which won't change. Assuming that holds true for you, the easiest solution is to launch the installer from there.

Might also be good to check winecfg to make sure you haven't accidentally hard-coded in a disk name into a drive allocation.


sudo and login slow after LDAP server crashed

I guess you should have edited /etc/nsswitch.conf when you set up your LDAP client computers?  In the fields marked passwd, group, and shadow, perhaps you have "ldap compat"?  Try removing "ldap".

This will prevent it from using LDAP to look-up passwd, group, or shadow values.  I guess if you've completely removed the LDAP servers, you should also delete any instance of "ldap" in this file.


Request help with IBM Serial Parallel USB Adapter

I needed to launch PuTTy with sudo; specifically, "sudo putty" from a term window.


echo to /etc/sudoers causing pasrse error

As posted, the line in your second echo is wrong; I tried manually adding

django ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
celery ALL(www-data) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/unoconv

to my sudoers using visudo and I also get a syntax error. You need = before (www-data) in the second line.

A tip to validate sudo syntax without destroying your sudoers file: echo 'blah blah' | visudo -f - -c. This will at least tell you if the line looks OK or has errors, without touching your sudoers file.


How to setup a single-key shortcut to cycle the second language inputs?

You can simply press Super+Space to cycle between all your input source.

You can change the shortcut in the same settings window where you can add new input sources. You can find it under System Setting > Keyboard > Text Entry (small button/link in the bottom left corner of Keyboard window).

Here you can see the Text Entry settings window:


I recommend openshot which i use to cut parts of several videos and them put the videos together (Very good when you want to make Ubuntu Tutorials)

Add openshot ppa: sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jonoomph/openshot-edge
Update repository: sudo apt-get update
Install openshot: sudo apt-get install openshot (Or look in the Software Center or Synaptic)

you will find openshot in the Sound & Video Menu. You can import videos by dragging them to the openshot or by using the import option. To cut there is a Scissor Tool to "cut" the video in pieces.

I use Openshot instead of Pitivi to create Ubuntu Tutorials and Programming Tutorials for friends and let me tell you is an excellent program. It even includes a way to render the video in many formats and containers and for several services like youtube.


Why can I only launch scripts via terminal?

Check your Nautilus settings. I use the German localisation, so be aware that the real English names might be different. Open the file browser (Nautilus). In its Edit menu open the settings dialogue. On the behaviour tab there are check boxes on what to do with executable scripts, letting you choose whether you want to show them, run them, or want to be prompted every time.


Ubuntu restarts randomly and there is no log about the reason

This sounds like a combination of issues.

In the case of an individual system rebooting randomly I would want to replace the power supply in the chassis with one that provided more than adequate amperage for the connected components (as you want it to keep running during periods of peak power draw).

In the case where the entire rack reboot simultaneously I would look at an inadequate UPS as the root cause or possibly an overheat condition due to AC failure in the server location.

An intermittent short in the feed cord to the multi-tap could also result in the multiple reboot result that you describe.


What are all the good music players available in ubuntu?

I would recommend Banshee or maybe Audacious.


Ubuntu changing default audio output after suspend

Fixing PulseAudio switching from TV to Laptop on Suspend
This "undocumented feature" appeared with Ubuntu 16.04 and new version of PulseAudio 8.
Create a new file /lib/systemd/system-sleep/tv-sound and copy in:
#!/bin/sh

case $1/$2 in
  pre/*)
    echo "Going to $2..."
    # Place your pre suspend commands here, or `exit 0`
    # if no pre suspend action required
    sleep 1
    ;;
  post/*)
    echo "Waking up from $2..."
    # Place your post suspend (resume) commands here, or `exit 0`
    # if no post suspend action required
    sleep 2
    export PULSE_RUNTIME_PATH="/run/user/1000/pulse/"
    sudo -u rick -E pacmd set-card-profile 0 output:hdmi-stereo
    ;;
esac

NOTE: replace user name rick (third line from the bottom) with your user name.
Then mark it executable with the command:
sudo chmod +x /lib/systemd/system-sleep/tv-sound

An additional step might be required if output:hdmi-stereo (the device for most people) is different on your system.


Hi I just got one of the new Alienware X51 Ubuntus myself. I ran into a booting issue because UEFI was turned on. give this article a shot I think it might fix your issue: Dell Support : Alienware booting issue