Command to write all .js files to a single file?

You can use find to find the files and then sort to sort the names:

find . -type f -name '*.js' | sort

To save the names in a file:

find . -type f -name '*.js' | sort >files.txt

Let's analyze your command:

grep -r --include=*.js *

You need to put a directory name as argument while using -r option e.g. (also put '' around glob match so that they don't produce unexpected results):

grep -r --include='*.js' .

This would look for non-empty files i.e. this is equivalent to:

grep -r --include='*.js' '.' .

If you want to check for a specific pattern e.g. lines starting with TERM:

grep -r --include='*.js' '^TERM' .

Anyway the main point is grep is searching the file contents for any match but your goal is to match against the file names so you should go for something else that can do that e.g. find or a shell loop.

You can also use the globstar option of bash to search for files ending in .js recursively and then sort them using sort.

At first you need to enable the globstar option of bash:

shopt -s globstar

Now **/*.js will find the files (and directories) with .js extension.

So the following should do the trick:

for i in **/*.js; do [[ -f $i ]] && echo "$i"; done

[[ -f $i ]] is there to ensure that we are dealing with only files on output.


How to detect events like lock/unlock screen, enter/return suspend and monitor power off

gnome-screensaver-command

will give you information about the screen lock events

gnome-screensaver-command -q | grep "is active"

if the command returns any result, then the screen is locked.
You can lock the screen with     gnome-screensaver-command -l

Dont have any info abt suspend state


Where are mysql-admin and query-browser?

MySQL has officially declared EOL (End of Life) for Query Browser. You can check it on http://dev.mysql.com/doc/query-browser/en/

MySQL Workbench  is its replacement and its now available in Ubuntu 12.04 repositories:

sudo apt-get install mysql-workbench

All features are supported by Workbench.


How to get one song to repeat in Rhythmbox?

Alternative Toolbar (Rhythmbox Versions 3.0 and later)
Repeat once functionality is inbuilt to this plugin via the play-toolbar popup

As the author I've described this in my blog. In summary, install via my PPA package (PPA instructions below) "rhythmbox-plugin-alternative-toolbar", or following the manual installation instructions at the project homepage.
Repeat One Song (Rhythmbox versions v2.96 - v.2.98)
There is now a useful plugin you can add to Rhythmbox to give you this functionality.
homepage

"Repeat one song" feature for Rhythmbox

Adds a toolbar option to repeat the selected track when the toolbar option is clicked.
Note - it does not repeat a song from the Play Queue.
to install
You can use the instructions in the link below to add my PPA and install the plugin ("rhythmbox-plugin-repeat-one-song").
Alternatively,
download the .tar.gz file from the homepage (link above), extract and copy the files into the folder ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/plugins/repeat-one-song
Start Rhythmbox, enable the Repeat One Song plugin: Edit --> Plugins
Repeat One Song (Rhythmbox versions v2.99 and later)
For v2.99 and later the "Repeat one" button is replaced by the source "Edit - Repeat Current Song" menu option

Linked Question:

How do I install third-party rhythmbox plugins?


I had another read through the topic I actually linked, in the question. Long story short, I must have input something wrong the first time around.

This worked for me :

xset
xset mouse 2 0

A reply by John Gomez. Thanks to everyone who took an interest :-).


VMware view client don't run on Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS

I think it would be best to install VM Player 14.

That version I could install in Ubuntu 18.04 without problems.


Bash printf sequence with interactive input

The problem is that you can't use variables that way in a bash brace expansion.
Instead, you can use seq:
read x; read y; printf '%d\n' $(seq "$x" 5 "$y")

or more straightforwardly
read x; read y; seq "$x" 5 "$y"

or a C-style for loop:
read x; read y; for ((i=x;i<=y;i+=5)); do printf '%d\n' "$i"; done

See for example

How can I use $variable in a shell brace expansion of a sequence?


Shared wireless network immediately disconnects

Try this solution:

I had similar problem.

To fix this, I added the following three lines to the bottom of /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

blacklist bcma
blacklist brcmsmac
blacklist brcmutil

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/863799/comments/3


Find index.html files & Rename with folder name and move file a level up

Instead of xargs you can use find -exec. Inside, you can run a small sh-Script:

find . -mindepth 2 -type f -name 'index.html' -exec sh -c '
    d="$(dirname "$1")";
    mv "$1" "$d/../$(basename "$d").html";
    rmdir "$d";
' find-sh {} \;


Per the project's site: "This project reached its End Of Maintenance in 2007"

Looks like a pretty broken and not well documented program, IMNSHO. Your error seems to be some mysterious bug in the program. I got the same error message. Not sure why this is even included in the repositories.

There is a little bit of documentation in /usr/share/doc/netwox.

You can try reading either problemusageunix.txt.gz or toollist.txt.gz with the following commands:

zcat /usr/share/doc/netwox/problemusageunix.txt.gz
zcat /usr/share/doc/netwox/toollist.txt.gz

A quick glance through those docs doesn't show me anything pertaining to your error. Good luck.


I installed MAAS server, would like to add one node with a different ubuntu release, how should I do it?

Make sure your manually added VM is configured properly, as described here. You can choose the Ubuntu release from the drop down menu. I'm assuming you followed the installation instructions outlined here, especially the Post-Install Tasks, like importing the boot images. They are needed, along with correct DHCP configuration on the network, so that VMs can be discovered and PXE boot.

If the VM still stays Commissioning, the Troubleshooting section might help.


Replace words in file 2, getting the list of replacements from file 1

Transform file1 into commands for sed and use them to modify file2:

sed -r 's/(.*),(.*)/s,\1,\2,/' file1 | sed -f - file2

This assumes that the values in file1 don't contain special characters and you want to replace all occurrences in file2.


Nvidia Gpu stuttering playing Stadia on Kubuntu

since your videocard is fairly old you have no vp9 hardware decoding, and you must use h264 decoding. older videocards often struggle with decoding this. Youtube 1080p60 is a much lower bitrate than stadia because stadia is trying to be indistinguishable from gaming on a game pc


Need a PCIe desktop graphics card for dual-monitor

I've bought the Nvidia Geforce GT 620.

The GT 620 is a 2012 card, and at the lower-end card so it's affordable, but still performant at 11.2 gigatexel/second fill rate - and it supports multiple monitors on the different outputs (HDMI, DVI, VGA).

So far it works fine.  I've got two identical monitors one on the HDMI and other on DVI, and and the colors seem slightly different at factory default settings.

It seems the main thing is to avoid Quadro cards on linux - GeForce cards work fine.


Error getting hardware address for enp3s0

I was getting the same error for my interface labeled p5p1.

Running lshw -C network yielded output similar to the following (the interface works now so some details will be different):

*-network
       description: Ethernet interface
       product: RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
       vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0
       logical name: p4p1
       version: 06
       serial: 18:67:b0:df:4e:68
       size: 1Gbit/s
       capacity: 1Gbit/s
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
       configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=full firmware=rtl8168e-3_0.0.4 03/27/12 ip=10.1.2.228 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=1Gbit/s
       resources: irq:27 ioport:e000(size=256) memory:f0004000-f0004fff memory:f0000000-f0003fff

The pertinent line is logical name: p4p1. Somehow networking was configured to bring up interface p5p1 but the os is recognizing the device as p4p1.

I updated /etc/network/interfaces to replace p5p1 to p4p1 then reset the networking services. The interface came up no problem.


After installing NVIDIA drivers i can't launch games on Steam

You seem to have a wireless problem:

Şub 02 16:36:33 asus kernel: purge skb(s) not reported by firmware
Şub 02 16:36:33 asus kernel: WARNING: CPU: 9 PID: 0 at drivers/net/wireless/realtek/rtw88/tx.c:159 rtw_tx_report_purge_timer+0x25/0x60 [rtw88_core]

This seems to be covered here, but will probably not be the reason for your game not to play.
Since it generates kernel dumps you should get the correct drivers for them
EDIT
Steam describes the problem here using the "primus" 32 bit library. That explains why it runs on you internal GPU but not on NVIDIA


Burning a DVD for standalone player in linux

Try the below command to write into blank CD.

sudo wodim dev=/dev/scd0 blank=disc

Hope this helps.


Wireless connects but cannot go to any web site; windows works fine

If you can ping 8.8.8.8 and receive a response but cannot ping google.com then it is most likely a DNS issue.

Can you ping your dns server? If not, try using 4.4.4.2 for DNS.

I am guessing you triple checked your ifconfig settings vs your ipconfig settings in Ubuntu vs Windows respectively and they match?


If you want to do c# development I would recommend using Mono Develop


I think that the problem comes from nautilus or from ubuntu-desktop. I also have this problem sometimes (something like 1 time a week) and I resolve it by pressing Super+S (it shows all the workspaces).

You can try to resolve reinstall nautilus and ubuntu-desktop (pay attention that Ubuntu reinstall all the packages removed when you reinstall these packages) or just by keeping Ubuntu up to date (I think that this bug affect multiple users and should be corrected soon)


How to install Emacs 27.1 via ppa on 20.04.1?

So after installing emacs27-common with sudo apt-get install emacs27-common I can install emacs27 with sudo apt-get install emacs27. I'm not sure why that is necessary as both packages are in the same ppa...


I believe that viewing the contents of the system log -

sudo more /var/log/messages

might just get you what you are after.

There is also the kernel ring buffer, at
/var/log/dmesg
which can be viewed via paging commands (using less, and more [as in the above example]), or its most recent contents with just

sudo dmesg


Re: What is .dhpcd command and how to disable it?

I am going to suggesting several things:

Unplug your system from the internet and see if that process is still seen in the top window. If gone then perhpas some one or process installed by some one is using your CPU perhaps for data minning. Then which ever try the steps below.
Search for it in:

cronjobs

sudo crontab -l: look for strange cronjobs

systemd services

sudo find / -iname "*dhpc*"

Use top and ps:

top:

Start top
press f and use the arrow keys to move and select all the fields that have to do with user and/or userid or id in general. See screen shot below.

Use the spacebar to select the fields and the press q to quit.

Now see what PPID, SUSER, RUSER, SUID says about that process. To trace the culprit.


No, not really. What kind of unwanted processes is it you think are intentionally added to Ubuntu Server? It is designed to be a very basic system because it's intended for servers. So it doesn't run any services other than the ones you install.

There are of course a large number of great books you can read about Linux system administration, but you probably won't find many articles about "things to remove after installing Ubuntu Server".

The first hundred processes or so are related to the kernel and are critical. They enable your hardware or very low level system things that the kernel needs. These are in brackets [] and if you do a ps ax, you'll see that they represent almost all of your processes. There will be a few others, such as the init system (process 1), your login shell and things like that.


I have a file. I need to print all the quantities with unique values no duplicates, using perl


How can I remove the Epic Games Launcher Icon from the Application Menu?

The Desktop Entry file you are looking is most probably in your local directory: ~/.local/share/applications/. You can easily find file containing name of your app using recursive grep:
grep "Epic Games Launcher" ~/.local/share/applications/ -r


Routing the printing through wireless, rest through LAN

Blind shot, down-vote if I'm wrong.

It looks like your printer has an IP like 192.168.x.y where x<>1.

As your router table for 192.168.1.0 has a netmask of 255.255.255.0, it will never be routed to wlan0, instead it will use the default gateway. Only addresses starting by 192.168.1.x will match this rule.

You have two options, get the printer IP in the 192.168.1.y range, or change the network mask in your routing table to 255.255.0.0

If the IPs are given by a DHCP server, you should reconfigure it.


How do I delay launching Splashtop at startup by ten seconds?

Prefixing the command with sleep 10 && should do the work if I correctly understood your question. Like this

bash -c 'sleep 10 && python /opt/splashtop-streamer/SRStreamer.pyc'

Try man sleep for more options.


I set /usr/bin, /usr/lib, and /usr/share to be owned by my regular user and now I am getting interesting errors

Okay, we need to clean up the mess made of your system first. You'll need to boot into recovery mode first, because you need root for this.

Fix /usr/bin
First off, we need to fix your binaries. Run the below command to repair all binaries and let root re-take ownership:

chown -R root /usr/bin

Fix setuid binaries
Now that /usr/bin is fixed, we can focus on all the binaries that lost their setuid status. The setuid flag is a special executable flag that allows for an executable to run as the owning user, as opposed to the calling user. Run the below commands to fix this:

chmod u+s chfn chsh gpasswd newgrp passwd pkexec sudo

Fix /usr/lib
Similarly to step 1, we need to reassign everything in /usr/lib to the root user.

chown -R root /usr/lib

Fix /usr/share
This one is a much more involved process because things in /usr/share could (possibly) be owned by non-root users. For now, you're going to have to restore all permissions to root, and then fix any problems that come up as they come up. Be sure to watch your log files for any permission errors or the like.

chown -R root /usr/share

Reboot and Pray
Running commands like chown and chmod recursively on system folders without knowing exactly what you're doing is very dangerous. While it is occasionally possible to recover from a mess like this, it's not always possible. You (fortunately) only really reverted folders where everything is owned by root, so fixing problems is pretty simple. But, it is important to know that this could have ended with you being forced to reinstall your entire system. You've also dodged a bullet by not overwriting groups -- that could have very easily been catastrophic.

Don't mess around with chown/chmod, and if you're using those commands with sudo, you're probably doing something wrong. Double- and triple-check what you're doing and make sure what you want to do is sane. Also make sure your commands are free of typos.

Also be sure you're not getting into the habit of prefixing everything that doesn't work with sudo -- this is a one-step method to destroying a Linux install because of carelessness.


The prompt is set by using the PS1 variable. This can be defined in several places depending on your setup. If the new prompt is specific to your user, you can run the following command to check which file it is defined in:

grep -H PS1 ~/.bashrc ~/.profile ~/.bash_profile ~/bash.login

If that returns nothing, broaden the search (some of these files shouldn't be relevant but these are all the files that can be read by default bash so you may as well include even unlikely culprits such as ~/.bash_aliases):

grep -H PS1 ~/.bashrc ~/.profile ~/.bash_profile ~/bash.login ~/.bash_aliases \
    /etc/bash.bashrc /etc/profile /etc/profile.d/* /etc/environment 2>/dev/null

Once you have identified the file, open it in a text editor and set your PS1 to whatever you like.


Do I have to remove open drivers to switch to fglrx?

As Uri Herrera said, no you don't have to.


etc/network/interface empty no internet connection

For Desktop versions of Ubuntu (which use NetworkManager) the /etc/network/interfaces file should contain only the following loopback interface definition:

# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

If your /etc/network/interfaces file is really completely empty, then paste the above into it, save and reboot.


First, I'll answer the question about the specific plugins. gedit-developer-plugins  is available in the official Ubuntu archive, and I'd suggest installing it from there. clickconfig, on the other hand, unfortunately does not seem to have been ported to to Gedit 3 and is not compatible.

More generally, for Gedit 3 (which is in Ubuntu 11.10 and above) local plugins should be installed to ~/.local/share/gedit/plugins The .plugin file must be in that exact directory, sub-directories are not scanned. For instance, here's the file layout of mine:

$ tree ~/.local/share/gedit/plugins/
/home/andrew/.local/share/gedit/plugins/
├── markdown-preview
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── __init__.pyc
│   └── locale
│       └── fr
│           └── LC_MESSAGES
│               └── markdown-preview.mo
├── markdown-preview.plugin
├── reSt-preview
│   ├── __init__.py
│   └── __init__.pyc
└── reSt-preview.plugin


bootable disk and application on one DVD?

You can create a custom live CD/DVD/USB .iso image (based on the official desktop CD ISO, or the official desktop DVD ISO, or any other similar ISO), that includes the program you want to run.

How to customize the Ubuntu Live CD?


How to split an ODS spreadsheet file into csv files per sheet on the terminal?

Well, libreoffice can convert documents from a script (i.e. in headless mode without opening a GUI). To convert any spreadsheet format to CSV, its simplest form  would look like e.g.

libreoffice --convert-to csv PATH/TO/YOUR.ODS

However, this just takes the first sheet of your document and converts that, ignoring all others. It also lacks an option to select the sheet to convert, sadly.

So we're going to need an external tool, like xlsx2csv. It's an open source Python (both 2 and 3) script that converts XLSX files to CSV, and supports extracting all sheets into separate files.

Ubuntu already comes with Python installed, but maybe you need to install pip first, its package manager. I'm going for Python 3, but you could change all commands below to run it with 2 as well:

sudo apt install python3-pip

Then you can install xlsx2csv with pip3 into your user's package directory, using

pip3 install --user xlsx2csv

After that, the executable script can be found in ~/.local/bin/xlsx2csv.

Now if you don't have it in XLSX format already, let's convert that ODS spreadsheet with libreoffice:

libreoffice --convert-to xlsx PATH/TO/YOUR.ods

Then we use xlsx2csv to extract all sheets. It will create a folder OUTPUTFOLDER and place all extracted SHEETNAME.csv in there:

~/.local/bin/xlsx2csv -a YOUR.xlsx OUTPUTFOLDER


The prompt is configured in your ~/.zshrc file setting the variable PROMPT. For example, to have your username and host followed by a "dynamic" %:

~ PROMPT="%n@%m%# "
romano@samsung-romano%

The whole set of customization is available in the, as ever, wonderful Arch documentation.

Anyway, I warmly advise the usage of liquidprompt --- notice that once installed it will install a mechanism to control the prompt so that changing the PROMPT variable will not work anymore.


Fn key doesn't work in Ubuntu 20.04 on Lenovo Thinkpad E14

It is a known issue with an apparent BIOS bug/quirk.  If you suspend then wake up the fn keys will start working.  i just updated to the latest BIOS and issue persists.


For loop that does different things to each file

Keep a count and check the case:

i=0
for file in *.jpg
do
    case $i in
        0)
            cat << _EOF
    code one

_EOF
            ;;
        1)
            cat << _EOF
    code two

_EOF
            ;;
        2)
            cat << _EOF
    code three

_EOF
            ;;
    esac
    ((i = (i+1) % 3))
done >> page.html

Note that *.jpg may not end up with the order you want.

Now that we know the desired output, we can generate it more easily:

#! /bin/bash
td_format='

'

set -- *.jpg

{
    echo '
'
    while [[ -n $1 ]]
    do
        echo '
'
        printf "$td_format" center middle "$1" right right "$2" left left "$3"
        echo '
'
        shift 3
    done
    echo '
'
}> page.html

Here, the td_format variable is a format string for printf. %s in the format string is replaced by arguments to printf (and %% by %). printf loops over arguments, so we only need to specify one element's format here, and printf will take care of looping over the arguments to print enough lines.

Then, we set the script's arguments to the filenames. Now, we can access these filenames using $1, $2, etc. In the loop, then, I use $1, $2 and $3, then remove these three using shift 3. Then the next three filenames become $1, $2 and $3 respectively. So, we can loop in batches of three.

Finally, instead of redirecting every command, I wrapped the whole block in { } and redirected that group.

You probably should rethink the HTML and styling used here.


https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats

Try this. I believe you can find it in the Software center as well. It should allow you to watch every format, mkv, avi....


Install cmake 3.17 failed,CMake has most likely not been installed correctly

can confirm getting same error
ubuntu 18.04
updated cmake to cmake-3.17.2 from https://cmake.org/download/
cd $CMAKE_DOWNLOAD_PATH
./configure
make
sudo make install

results in
def@etho:~/xenium/xenium/build$ CC=gcc-8 CXX=g++-8 cmake ..

CMake Error: Could not find CMAKE_ROOT !!!

CMake has most likely not been installed correctly.

Modules directory not found in
/usr/local/share/cmake-3.5

CMake Error: Error executing cmake::LoadCache().

Aborting.

answer on here worked well - I used the last comment from DM LOWE.  don't forget to resource your rc
CMake Error: Could not find CMAKE_ROOT?


Unassign function from mouse button 8 and button 9 on ubuntu 19.10

I advice you to use Xbindkeys utility instead. You can find a nice guide here.

In short:

Install xbindkeys, preferably through your package manager.
You can create a default configuration file with the command:

xbindkeys --defaults > $HOME/.xbindkeysrc

Open ~/.xbindkeysrc in your your favorite text editor. If you can’t find it, make sure you have Show hidden files enabled.
Paste something like this on bottom of the file:

# Back
"xte 'keydown Alt_L' 'key Left' 'keyup Alt_L'"
 b:8

# Forward
"xte 'keydown Alt_L' 'key Right' 'keyup Alt_L'"
  b:9

Here you can set any actions you want, in lines which start from xte command. Just replace buttons like Alt_L and Left/Right to get hotkeys that you want.

b8 and b9 are codes for additional mouse buttons -- these are standart, but you can find codes for yours with xbindkeys -k command in terminal.

Also I suggest you to give a try to Easystroke utility, which has a lot of functionality for mouse gestures (including additional buttons), but it requires more digging :)

As for me, I wanted my additional mouse button to act as a Ctrl key, and I found a perfect guide here, in the 5th post.

Currently my mouse setting is:

additional button + middle click → copy,
           + right click → paste,
           + wheel scrolling → zooming,
           + left click → select multiple files in file manager.

Let me know, if you'll need help on how to set something similar in Easystroke :)


Extending root partition in ubuntu 14.04 LTS

Since the space is not allocated, are you prohibited from right-clicking on /dev/sda3 and selecting resize? You could also left-click into the /dev/sda3 space and then click the right-arrow that will illuminate (third from the left).

You should be able to resize and then click on the check to 'apply' changes.


How to set USB flash drive as first boot device in dell inspiron 15

You need to reformat the USB and put Ubuntu on it. When booting, you'll have to press a certain key to bring up the BIOS. There should be a menu that allows you to change boot order.


Mir is a display server . so it is a low level componet . So you can simply use qt or gtk(under development) for mir display server . binding of mir with these tool kit will do the job . you don't have to worry about it :-)


This script worked for me on Ubuntu 18.04 and autokey-gtk 0.90.4:

keyboard.press_key('<alt>')
keyboard.fake_keypress('<f7>')
keyboard.release_key('<alt>')

I observe about a second delay though before the script executes. Maybe its just on my computer.


Remember that the GMA 3600 drivers are only 32-bit and only compatible with older kernels.

Given that Intel abandoned support for the GMA 3600 hardware, even for Microsoft Windows, using the generic VESA driver with a recent Ubuntu release is probably a better choice.


Connect from Windows 10 to Ubuntu 15.04 using Windows Remote Desktop?

I haven't tested this, but this page seems to document setting up rdp on Linux for connections from windows remote desktop client:

http://www.technig.com/remote-access-windows-10-via-ubuntu-vise-versa/

Essentially:

sudo apt-get install xrdp
set up a session (example: echo xfce4-session >~/.xsession)
start the session and keep it running


How can I change the defaults in Nautilus in Ubuntu 13.04

You need Files/Files/Preferences, from the top left hand side of the Panel.
See the image attached;


Ubuntu 18.10 (Wayland) screen sharing for Windows OS

Solution to my problem was deleting file in my home directory called .xsession and  inside was lines used for starting up xfce over standard VNC with was later removed. That file upon connecting try run non existing xfce and end with empty screen while VNC client try connect to shared screen. Now after removal I can confirm it's working out of box allowing me to remotely control my real desktop.


how to run "apport-collect 1311262" in ubuntu 14.04

Simply type apport-collect 1311262 on the terminal. Apport will open your default browser and send you to the launchpad site where the bug was reported. You might need to install python-apport first, just in case so:

sudo apt-get install python-apport

apport-collect simply gathers needed information about your hardware, settings and more for that report (In this case 1311262) as seen by the number shown at the end of the URL:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/compiz/+bug/1311262 <--- Number at the end is used with apport-collect.

This way apport knows where to send the gathered information.

For creating a non existing bug, apport-bug is used, similar to ubuntu-bug. For example in your case of having a compiz issue, you could do ubuntu-bug compiz or apport-bug compiz and that would gather the needed information in the first place.

For more information about bug reporting see How do I report a bug?


Shrinking an existing partition to make room for Ubuntu works well.  Generally, Ubuntu is very, very tolerant of where it is installed in a multi-drive storage setup -- I have two platter drives and a 250 GB SSD, and currently boot from the SSD, but with a few keystrokes I can temporarily boot from the smaller HDD if I need to make repairs.  Windows XP is present on the larger HDD, though it hasn't been bootable for some years.

Generally, any combination of HDD and SSD will work fine as long as GRUB installs on the drive the BIOS expects to start the system from.


How can I contribute artwork to kubuntu?

Sharing

If you want to share your artwork: http://kde-look.org

Kubuntu

Note ! The Kubuntu artwork is coming from the KDE. If you want to contact the Kubuntu developers:

Ubuntu irc channels: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/IRC/ChannelList
- there is a Kubuntu devel channel.

Kubuntu devel mailing list: https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-devel

KDE

The KDE has own forums: https://forum.kde.org

There is sub forum - Visual Design Group: https://forum.kde.org/viewforum.php?f=285


ibus-googlepinyin is based on libgooglepinyin which is not updated anymore. Instead fcitx-googlepinyin is a better choice.

To install googlepinyin, Open a terminal and type the following commands:

sudo apt-get install fcitx-googlepinyin
im-config

In the windows, click "OK", then "Yes", and select fcitx. Click "OK" to confirm and then "OK" to exit.

Now log-out and log-in back. You should see a Keyboard on the top right corner.

Click on it and then select "Configure Current Input Method".

Press + to add a new language. De-select “Only show current language”. Type in Google-Pinyin. Press "OK". Close the window.

Now, you can click on the keyboard, go to "input methods" and select google pinyin.

If you want other options, you can also use libpinyin or sunpinyinas, both supported by ibus and fcitx described here


How to determine why Ubuntu start to load slowly?

Checking what was causing the problem was done with dmesg command which list loading time and process.

The problem with slow start time was caused by miss configuration in /etc/hosts file there was multiple lines of localhost names used for development that are not enabled in /etc/apache2/sites-enabled.

So when checking with dmesg | less on the last line there were time gap of 800 sec. and warning Warning: nss-myhostname is not installed.

After commenting out not enabled host names the loading drop from 800 to 53 sec.


How to check the progress of md5sum on many huge files?

Use pv. It is in the repos, and shows a nice progress bar.

pv bigfile.* | md5sum

should do what you want.


Xfce with Kde Plasma 5: How to automatically give focus to newly created windows?

It's "focus stealing prevention" in the Kwin Window Settings. If it's set to "medium", newly opened windows get the focus automatically.


Replace preinstalled Win10 with Ubuntu without activating licence

The short answer is "it depends."

The long answer is that different computers come configured in different ways. If your computer enables you to select an external boot medium (probably a USB flash drive on a modern computer) using the firmware's built-in boot manager from the start, you should be able to boot an Ubuntu installation medium and replace Windows without activating it. OTOH, some computers come configured in a way that makes this difficult -- you must normally boot Windows in order to enter the firmware setup utility to change the boot options to access the firmware's built-in boot manager. AFAIK, the only workaround if you've got such a computer is to unplug the hard disk, which will normally cause the firmware setup utility to launch when you boot. This may be an acceptable solution in some cases, but for some computers, unplugging the hard disk may require opening the computer in such a way that the warranty may be voided.


How do I find the application to run a mms: wmv file in firefox?

When the choose application dialogue open first double click on any folder (because we need to have a folder selected for the next bit).

Now press ctrl+L, this will bring up a place for you to manually enter a file path. You should enter:

/usr/bin/vlc

and select with Enter


In the case that you have linked to, "appliance" refers to a specific combination of an Ubuntu Core base with a Plex Snap.

The Plex appliance is NOT hardware-specific. It will run on any 64-bit Intel/AMD-based hardware that a normal Ubuntu Server or Ubuntu Core will run on.

Appliances will automatically update themselves when online. This is intended to protect your appliance from obsolescence or from being compromised.

However, appliances are not designed to be expandable, and are usually locked-down. You may not be able to add new features or services or customizations to it.

Generally, running an appliance on faster, more capable hardware might be squandering the capabilities of that hardware. For better hardware, consider instead using Ubuntu Server with the same Plex Snap -- same Plex experience, but the base system is expandable and customizable.


I found the answer from this link https://serverfault.com/questions/527383/change-default-route-to-dhcp-interface-without-a-route-push
I essentially set "post-up route del default dev eth2" and for any other interface on which I did not want the default gw (these were all addresses with static configuration).
after doing /etc/init.d/networking restart , ubuntu will automatically pick up the default gw to the dhcp server and that worked. It took me 3+ hours of searching to find this :-)


Bluetooth speakers say connected but will not work in Ubuntu 20.04

I Have succeeded after some time trying a combination approach. I posted this in case any body else wishes to try my solution.
I went to https://techwiser.com/fix-bluetooth-device-doesnt-auto-connect-in-linux/ and followed the first two points, having tried all before, to ensure they were auto enabled and trusted.
I then tried Bluetooth speaker connected but not listed in sound output
I followed the top answer, which I had followed before, but having auto enabled and trusted, it worked.
Thank you so much!


In my experience, network backups are good for people with lots of time.  Anyone who has so little to backup that they can perform the backup time-effectively, can do so using a usb flashdrive such as the 128 I'm using my Ubuntu backup utility with, making incremental backups every couple of days.  On average flash drives are faster than network backups.  Network backups have other advantages flash drives lack, such as "everywhereness".

Also, depending on the age, size, and condition of your old drive, you might consider a procedure I long depended on when being a windows users.  If say your hard drive is in a laptop and you have been thinking of upgrading to a more rugged solid state drive, this could be a great time to replace the drive itself.  Then you can choose between making an all new fresh install on the new drive, or you can use an excellent program such as clonezilla to make an identical copy of your old drive onto your new drive before performing a traditional upgrade. Either way your data is still safe on the previous drive, and if you mount your old drive into an external usb drive case, you can boot to it anytime using any pc.


Can I Force Kubuntu Installer To Use Nvidia Driver, Not Nouveau?

You can't make it use the nvidia proprietary driver, but you can force it not to use nouveau by selecting the "nomodeset" option during boot.

The Live CD allows you to press a key at boot-up then press F6 (if I recall correctly) to set boot options, and "nomodeset" should be one of them.

That should cause the Live CD to use a fallback VESA graphics mode.  It will look dodgy, but it should work, and once you have installed Ubuntu you can then install the nVidia driver.


How can I migrate my OS Ubuntu 18.01 to an other computer, keeping all my configurations and installed programs?

There are ways to do this but few are what I would consider to be "clean". I would recommend you use rsync to copy the data from your users folder in /home to your user folder on the new machine, then install any software you want on the new machine with apt/apt-get. There are ways to duplicate installed package lists with apt/dpkg but occasionally you'll end up with a list that includes legacy packages or packages you installed by hand and it becomes a pain to resolve. I would recommend just installing what you need on the new system separately to avoid trouble.

Depending on your configuration, you may have configuration files in /etc you would want to copy, possibly things in /opt you've set up outside of the standard system, and possibly things in /var you would want. I would recommend you take the time to determine what you need, and use rsync to copy anything you specifically need to copy over, and try to just install what you need using the package management on the new system. It will take a little bit more care, but you'll have a cleaner configuration that way.


Your wlan0 interface is in the same subnet.
You have 2 options:

Change the IPs of both machines (debian & kubuntu) that they are in another subnet, for example 192.168.2.10.
Disable the wireless interface or change it's IP that it's in another subnet.


"Can not display this video mode" error during boot, followed by empty desktop

This is a message from your monitor, not your computer.
Open /etc/default/grub with gedit (root privileges required) and set GRUB_GFXMODE to 1280x800 (or 1280x1024 it's not widescreen), and save the file. After that, open a terminal and run update-grub2 with root privileges.

So, in a nutshell:

gksu gedit /etc/default/grub
Replace GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 (or whatever resolution is default, I don't remember exactly) by GRUB_GFXMODE=1280x800 (or GRUB_GFXMODE=1280x1024 if it's not widescreen).
Save the file.
Open a terminal and run sudo update-grub2.


Can't change file permissions on External Hard Drive

Is the external hard drive formatted as FAT32? FAT32 doesn't exactly support all the permissions settings that most Linux filesystems do, so it will let you try to change the permissions of files on it, but then the changes won't "stick". (I've done it myself before).


You can also use shortcuts:

Super + F = File lens
Super + A = Application lens
Super + M = Music lens


Man Page Complete External Documentation pdf or text build

A few things. Let's start with your approach to capturing all these manpages. Let man do that all for you with man -k . — we'll start with a shorter example:

$ man -k rmdir
rmdir (1)            - remove empty directories
rmdir (1posix)       - remove directories
rmdir (2)            - delete a directory
rmdir (3posix)       - remove a directory

We need to parse that list. We need the command and the section which is wrapped in brackets. We can tell awk to split this up for us using its -F argument (we just tell it what characters our delimiters are) and as a bonus, to save messing around with Bash variables, we can have awk create the next command too.

Before we get there, we need to know what command we want to run. man can generate HTML files if groff is installed (sudo apt-get install groff). This is probably the best possible idea for you right now as it's fairly simple formatting that is preserved. It's also fairly universal these days. We use -Hcat to tell it to render HTML to the cat command (it expects a browser). The 1 there is the section (see man man for more on those).

man -Hcat 1 rmdir

So to bring this all back around, let's have awk split up the man -k output, create the command and execute it in one little line:

man -k . | awk -F '[ ()]' '{print "man -Hcat",$3,$1," > "$1"."$3".html" | "/bin/sh"}'

That will create a HTML file for every man page. It will take a long time to finish so I'd suggest just testing it with the rmdir example while so I suggest just starting with rmdir:

man -k rmdir | awk -F '[ ()]' '{print "man -Hcat",$3,$1," > "$1"."$3".html" | "/bin/sh"}'

That gives me 4 HTML files (rmdir.1.html, rmdir.1posix.html, rmdir.2.html and rmdir.3posix.html). To turn these into a book I strongly suggest looking at htmldoc. This is both a command-line and graphical application. I'd suggest getting used to the graphical version first.

And there you go. All your manpages sorted, with a table of contents (if you want it), with formatting preserved in a nice document output (HTML or PDF).


Try the check on the ubuntu page the troubling sound-nosound.

Debugging Sound Problems from the ubuntu wiki is also a very good reference.

Since you have the SndHdaIntel sound chip try this link .


sorry there isn't any, because linux-rt project was ended at Lucid(10.04)


Overwrite the master branch with the remote branch master

git reset --hard HEAD       # DESTRUCTIVE. Deletes all uncommitted changes.
git checkout origin/master  # will print a warning 'detached head'.
git branch -D master        # 'kinda' destructive for locally committed changes
git checkout -b master      # recreates a local master branch
git branch --track origin/master  # restores tracking from 'origin' remote


Brightness level is not restored back after some idle time when using fglrx

I have a similar set up and have been using a script found here also if you install dconf-tools "sudo apt-get install dconf-tools" launch and navigate to org>gnome>settings-daemon>plugins>power there should be some adjustments there, however I'm uncertain whether or not the settings there were placed by the previously mentioned script.


How do I navigate and select menu options when using GMAMEUI?

This question was solved by the OP:

  ok I figured it out. If the mouse point is pointing exactly inside the
  menu area then moving the mouse up / down will change the selected
  menu and double clicking on an item will move to the next menu under
  that.


"chmod: cannot operate on dangling symlink '/etc/transmission-daemon/settings.json"

I believe you may have missed or been in the wrong directory when issuing the command below while following the poorly written tutorial.

sudo cp -a /etc/transmission-daemon/settings.json transmission-daemon/

If you didn't already remove the original you can resolve the problem by retracing your steps and reissuing the command after cd /home/user/.config/

If the file no longer exists you should re-install as suggested by Warpigs answer


Firefox 26 unable to load some websites?

I updated my firefox from version 26.0 to version 28.0 and now everything is working normal. I conclude that firefox 26.0 is a bug version for linux OS.


You didn't say what version of Xubuntu you're using. However completely remove the dropbox apps using-

sudo apt purge dropbox nautilus-dropbox

command. Then either install the deb package from the website or install the nautilus-dropbox package (sudo apt install nautilus-dropbox) from repository. After installation, when prompted, start the Dropbox app (Select the Start option and a faulty Dropbox icon shold appear on the panel).  Now-

To make Dropbox icon work in Xubuntu:

On 16.04 LTS-
Open the Terminal and run-

sudo mousepad /usr/bin/dropbox

Create a new line after the word “import os” and add the following:

os.environ['DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS'] = ""

Save the file and reboot

On 17.04-

Right click on the panel and go to- Panel--Panel Preferences. Select the tab “Item”. Now select the item called “Indicator Plugin” and remove it by clicking the minus (-) button. Dropbox icon should appear normally now. However removing the Indicator Plugin also removes the sound icon. To return it, open Terminal and run-

sudo apt install xfce4-pulseaudio-plugin

Then again go to Panel Preferences and select the tab “Item”. Click on the plus (+) button and select “PulseAudio Plugin” from the list, select Add. A sound icon should appear on the panel. You can move the icon to the old position by clicking the up and down button.

Additionally, you can also install the thunar-dropbox-plugin. It's very useful.


Creating a script with options to access different directories and files

If I was implementing this in bash, I'd do the following. I won't comment on it much: feel free to ask specific questions though -- check the bash man page first if you don't know how a particular command works.

#!/bin/bash

# read the population from all the files
# map the filename to it's population figure
declare -A population
while IFS= read -d '' -r filename; do
    population["$filename"]=$(tail -1 "$filename")
done < <(find . -type f -print0)

# prompt the user for the year
read -rp "What year? " year

# find the relevant files for that year
year_files=()
for filename in "${!population[@]}"; do
    [[ $filename == ./"$year"/* ]] && year_files+=("$filename")
done
if [[ "${#year_files[@]}" -eq 0 ]]; then
    echo "No files for year '$year'"
    exit 1
fi

PS3="Select a function to calculate: "
select func in minimum maximum average quit; do
    case $func in
        minimum)
            min=${population[${year_files[0]}]}
            for file in "${year_files[@]}"; do
                if (( min > ${population[$file]} )); then
                    min=${population[$file]}
                fi
            done
            echo "Minimum for $year is $min"
            ;;
        maximum)
            max=${population[${year_files[0]}]}
            for file in "${year_files[@]}"; do
                if (( max < ${population[$file]} )); then
                    max=${population[$file]}
                fi
            done
            echo "Maximum for $year is $max"
            ;;
        average)
            count=0 sum=0
            for file in "${year_files[@]}"; do
                (( sum += ${population[$file]} ))
                (( count++ ))
            done
            echo "Average for $year is $(( sum / count ))"
            ;;
        quit) exit ;;
    esac
done


Is 'userspace virtual filesystem - backends' necessary during installation of Gimp?

The package in question is gvfs-backends. This is used by Gnome for various tasks--mounting remote and local resources in a way that any program can mount them. Due to the way the backend functions, these locations and resources can be mounted by non-root users. However, this package is not a dependency. It is only suggested, as per http://packages.ubuntu.com/precise/gimp. You can safely install GIMP via the terminal without installing gvfs-backends by

sudo apt-get install gimp

since apt-get does not install suggests. If you want to also skip recommends(not recommended if you want PDF, PS, and ghostscript support), you can install with:

sudo apt-get install gimp --no-install-recommends


How to view recent files from the command-line?

My "recently" is 5 minutes =)
recently=5
find . -type f -amin "$recently"

Breakdown

find
search for files in a directory hierarchy

.
search in the current folder and all subfolders

-type f
search only fort files

-amin 5
File was last accessed 5 minutes ago.

Or perhaps you mean the recently used files in your Desktop Environment, than you need something like
awk -F"file://|\" " '/file:\/\// {print $2}' ~/.local/share/recently-used.xbel

Breakdown

awk
pattern scanning and text processing language

-F"file://|\" "
define two field separators, file:// and "

/file:\/\//
only lines with file:// are interesting

{print $2}
the path is in column 2


Installing NVIDIA driver on Kubuntu 15.04 causes a bad screen resolution

I solved my problem!
First I removed the existing NOUVEAU.

sudo apt-get --purge remove xserver-xorg-video-nouveau

With sudo nvidia-xconfig I created a new xorg.conf

After that I added the DPI line.

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier     "Monitor0"
    VendorName     "Unknown"
    ModelName      "Unknown"
    HorizSync       28.0 - 33.0
    VertRefresh     43.0 - 72.0
    Option         "DPMS"
    Option         "DPI" "86 x 86"
EndSection


You'll probably find that the other installations of dropbox (if they're installed) on your  linux mint and windows 8 installs are already sync'd with dropbox.  Either that or they have few differences to sync.

If you've just installed dropbox on this o/s and dropbox is set to use a different storage location from the other installs, then the first time you sync dropbox, all the files will be synced.  If you have lots of data, then it'll take lots of time.

The chances are it's the download that's consuming the bandwidth if indeed this is a new install.

My suggestion, set it going overnight and let it catch up.


Why does my PC keep disconnecting & reconnecting to my wireless network?

There are several reasons for that, possible causes:

your disk have hardware failure, like I/O errors...
You have multiple firewalls enabled, and it is better to have only one, maybe "gufw" is the best... and it needs to deny all with rules to allow out udp 53 and allow out tcp 25,53,80,110,143,993,5060
Your OS is not with all modules inserted, type: lsmod > list1.txt
Then create an USB installer with the "startup disk creator" using the ISO of your installation CD (a pen of 2 GB is enough) then boot from that USB PEN and choose "try Ubuntu" and type there: lsmod > list2.txt and copy this file to the same location the one above and open  both in text editor and see if there is missing modules in list1.txt...
To install missing modules use first modinfo  after the description see if it needs dependencies and install those first if not, just copy the full path of the ko file and type sudo insmod , after all modules inserted no need for reboot things should start working fine...


How to display Trash and Home folder icons?

You can enable them using Unsettings:

Or you can use the command line:

gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.desktop home-icon-visible true
gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.desktop computer-icon-visible true
gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.desktop trash-icon-visible true
gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.desktop network-icon-visible true


You can edit the file in the bumblebee-status/themes/.json , change the separator block width from 0 to a negative value, mine is set to -4.

"defaults": {
    "warning": {
        "fg": "#1d2021",
        "bg": "#d79921"
    },
    "critical": {
        "fg": "#fbf1c7",
        "bg": "#cc241d"
    },
    "default-separators": false,
    "separator-block-width": -4
},


Copy all files from my old hard drive to my new one

I would not recommend dd for this task. It will copy sector by sector, raw disk data; so it will work only if the partitions are exactly the same size and layout (leading to corruption otherwise). And then you have again another almost-full partion, that you have to extend... messy. And if the source filesystem is almost full, it's probably quite fragmented, and using dd will copy the fragmentation over.

rsync is a good option, but in this case, giving that you are copying locally to a blank, new disk, I think that the good old cp will do(1). Use it as(2)(3)

cd sourcedir; cp -av . /destdir

...and be patient. This will rewrite all files, and in the process, the fragmentation of the new filesystem will be better than the original one.

On the speed point of view, this should fill the I/O buffers and then the copy will proceed at the maximum data transfer that the disks (and the bus) allow. If the system is otherwise idle, I do not think that there will be huge difference in speed between any method.

Notes:

(1) caveat: if you have a LOT of small files, cp can be slow. There is an old tar trick for this case... but it's a bit dangerous, so ask if you need it.

(2) v here means verbose, it will print each file it's copying. It will slow down a bit (or a lot if you have a lot of small files) the copy. YMMV.

(3) if there are files of different users, you will need to say sudo cp... to maintain correct ownerships and modes.


How to send/receive files via Bluetooth using commands/Terminal?

Send files:

bluetooth-sendto --device=12:34:56:78:9A:BC filename

To know your device name (12:34:56:78:9A:BC), you can issue this command:

hcitool scan

Receive files:

Haven't found it yet, but will let you know if it can be done using terminal

edit:

it looks like it can't be done through terminal. Blueman seems to do the trick but it's in GUI


ensurepip is disabled in Debian/Ubuntu for the system python

There is a related bug report here

ensurepip component is missing/disabled on Ubuntu

The way around it is to create a virtual environment without pip

python3 -m venv myvenv --without-pip

ensurepip component isn't called and a new environment is created in this case.

However missing pip in virtual environment can be a problem.

One solution is to install system pip3 package and use system pip module inside your virtual environment directly.

Virtual environment has to have access to system site packages to be able to use system pip module.

install system python3 pip package

sudo apt-get install python3-pip

create virtual environment without pip and with access to system site packages

python3 -m venv myvenv --without-pip --system-site-packages

You can use system pip module to install python packages into your virtual environment now.

Instead of pip install Django you have to use explicit

myvenv/bin/python3 -m pip install Django

or you may activate your virtual environment first

source myvenv/bin/activate
python3 -m pip install Django

python3 -m pip --version may comes handy to see which python environment is used.

Based on solution found here, but don't use proposed python get-pip.py in virtual environment, because it will steal system pip command


Touchegg

  Touchégg is  a “multitouch gesture recognizer” for Linux,  written in C++ , with Qt and utilizing Ubuntu’s uTouch-geis library. It allows users to define what actions are initiated when a multi-touch gesture is made.
  Providing the desired gesture is recognised by Touchégg you can assign  one of a number of window-related actions to it, including maximize or minimize windows, resize apps, show the desktop, etc.
  Setting the ‘actions’ you want is currently achieved through the manual editing of a small configuration file.

  Touchegg comes with some pre-enabled gestures, however gestures can be
   enabled by editing the config file. It allows  three-fingers pinch,
  two, three, four and five finger tap and two to four finger swipes.

Note: It is having issue with precise. A bug is reported here and here

Pre-requisites

You need the latest vesion of Utouch to be running this. So add the following PPA

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:utouch-team/daily
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install utouch

Installation

In Quantal (12.10), Precise (12.04) and Oneric (11.10) the package is in the repositories as shown here

Editing the config file

Config file is located here
~/.config/touchegg/touchegg.conf

Editing the config file:

gedit ~/.config/touchegg/touchegg.conf

In the example below, the four finger drag gesture is configured to switch to Show Desktop

Four Fingers Drag

[FOUR_FINGERS_DRAG_DOWN]
action=SHOW_DESKTOP
settings=

Three Fingers Drag

[THREE_FINGERS_DRAG_UP]
action=MAXIMIZE_RESTORE_WINDOW
settings=

[THREE_FINGERS_DRAG_DOWN]
action=MINIMIZE_WINDOW
settings=

List of more actions here

Thus you can get Mac like multi-touch experience on Linux systems.

Check out a demonstation video here and here

Which gestures are supported?

The following gestures are suppoted

Other alternatives

Ginn


Label images from text file with montage command

With attention to this answer, I found it is probably related to the vulnerability discovered in ImageMagick (here), so I updated my site policy file  by removing <policy domain="path" rights="none" pattern="@*" /> line from /etc/ImageMagick/policy.xml. Now montage reads from file.


Even dual booting, its unlikely that you have 10 partitions on sda, so /dev/sda10 is probably incorrect. (Because of primary/secondary partitions there could be as little as 7, but my point remains.) I would run

sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda

to try and identify for sure what partition your Windows drive is on. It should have type NTFS.

Another option if you have a full desktop installed, would be to browse to the drive using the file manager. This will automatically mount it under /media/$yourusername. You can then use the df command to see what partition it mounted and use that in your fstab instead of /dev/sda10


Which files should I remove from /var/log directory to free space in Ubuntu 16.04?

You don't want to delete those files... yet. You need to review them to see what activity is occurring on your computer that causes the log files to get so large. In terminal, type more /var/log/syslog* or more /var/log/kern.log.

If the files are too large, or you have trouble interpreting what you're seeing, monitor them in real time... in terminal, use tail -f /var/log/syslog or tail -f /var/log/kern.log. You'll probably see one error that repeats itself over and over.

In reviewing the log files, you have a problem with your video subsystem. See Nvidia GeForce 930M driver and PCI bus error for a similar problem/fix. Also see https://h30434.www3.hp.com/t5/Notebook-Software-and-How-To-Questions/Error-Spam-AER-id-00e5-PCIe-Bus-Error-severity-Corrected/td-p/5933687 and https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1521173. Google "device id 8086:9d15" if you need more info yet.

In terminal...

gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub
add pci=nomsi OR pci=noaer (which ever one fixes your problem) to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash pci=nomsi"
or
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash pci=noaer"

save and quit gedit
sudo update-grub
reboot


Cannot open calculator app from keyboard calculator button

I found that installing the calculator app via apt instead of snap (the default in 18.04) fixed this issue:

sudo snap remove gnome-calculator
sudo apt install gnome-calculator

This has the added benefit of making the calculator launch instantaneously again.

The cause of the problem is a bug in the gnome-settings-daemon package, which has been fixed in Ubuntu 18.10 and above. The workaround above remains necessary in 18.04, however.


Run a command at the start of XRDP session

Having the same problem, solved by adding in /etc/xrdp/reconnectwm.sh " sleep 2s " before " setxkbmap " command.

Wrong way, but it works.


Mac OS X Windows and Ubuntu On Mac Book Pro Mid 2015

I think your best option is to install rEFInd

https://sourceforge.net/projects/refind/

That way you will be able to access all of your Oses.

Here is a video of how to install it.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-IuZj9Wf9dI


Dell Inspiron 1501 no wired/wireless w/12.04 or13.04

I had the same issue which I could not fix. I eventually fixed it using the method below.

In package manager remove bcmwl-kernal-source, then reboot. You should find the wired LAN connection then works.

To get the wireless working install linux-firmware-nonfree then reboot again. You will probably need to enable the adapter with Fn + F2 but should work after that.


Istallation of 13.04 will not complete using Wubi.exe

I will not recommend Wubi for 13.04, as there is no Official version for it. And when apps that are Open-source (free) are recommended not to be used, then they should not be. Because there is always a reason for it. If you read why Wubi was not released for 13.04, it clearly states that "Windows 8 users should not try to install Wubi 12.04 as it may not run properly".

And believe me, you won't like Wubi. Instead, download an ISO file, and burn it to your USB Stick or a DVD. Then boot from that DVD, it will show you two options. "Try Ubuntu" or "Install Ubuntu". Use "Try Ubuntu" and you can access all features of a normal Ubuntu PC. And it is faster than Wubi too, it saves the data as well.

I have used earlier version (11.10) of Wubi, and the same version of Live USB. I have found Live USB much better, as it is faster than Wubi.


How to setup telnet to accept remote connections

A firewall may be blocking your connection.

There can be two cases:

Firewall on the server is blocking incoming access to port 666. (This may include             firewall on the server and an additional layer of firewall if you are using a cloud service     like Amazon EC2)
Firewall on your client machine may be blocking outgoing access to port 666.

In any case you need to add an exception to port 666 in the relevant machines.


Change audio quality for bluetooth speakers

From the Sound Settings choose the Output tab to select your Bluetooth device. There we can change the audio profile to "High Fidelity Playback (A2DP)" in the "Mode" dropbox:


Windows-like UI shortcuts in Ubuntu - Is it possible?

In Ubuntu desktop 15.10 (don't know about earlier versions), just stand with your mouse on the directory, right click on it, and than choose "make link"; A link icon will be created in your folder. Paste that link in your Desktop and you're done! :)


Where to find current technical documentation for Ubuntu?

For desktop you can see an HTML page: https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/ubuntu-help/index.html
There are similar resources for 18.04 server: https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/index.html

It's early days for 18.04 so many users are discovering it quirks and as time goes by the resolution to issues will become clearer.

Link only answers aren't the norm or encouraged on Ask Ubuntu but generally, most users I guess find their way around by regularly catching up on Ask Ubuntu and asking questions when Google or other resources fail to deliver. However, as these links are to official Ubuntu help site, they should remain sustainable.


How do I install the Tor browser in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS?

The correct command is ./start-tor-browser from the directory where it is installed. But I suggest another easier way.

You can install tor-browser from ppa. Run in terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/tor-browser
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install tor-browser

You will be able to start it from launcher as other programs.


ubuntu 20.04, when shutting down Ubuntu restores tabs

You can disable the restore function after a crash, just enter about:config in Firefox address bar and enter browser.sessionstore.resume_from_crash. I assume it is set to true, by setting it to false your problem should be solved.
In case of a real crash of your PC or Firefox you do no longer have the option to restore your tabs!


Writing a script to rename and move files

Try:
find ./Plans/Area* -type f -name '*.jpg' -execdir bash -c '
    echo mkdir -p "${1%.jpg}/"{Sales,Workshop} && \
    echo mv -v "$1" "${1%.jpg}/Workshop/${1%.jpg} - Workshop.jpg";
' bash_find {} \;

remove echos above to perform the action.


how to control fan on ubuntu in lenovo legion y530

Found an AppImage to switch on "Extreme Cooling". Works as expected. Run it as root.
https://odintdh.itch.io/extremecooling4linux


Xubuntu WiFi Button missing from Panel 0 / Panel settings

Check that you have an indicator plugin, a notification plugin, and a status notifier plugin. If any of these are missing, add them.


Best software for taking screen shots in ubuntu 14

I would recommend adding a keyboard shortcut that runs the command scrot. This is good for basic functionality which mirrors that of the print screen key.


This is normal behavior as the NVIDIA kernel driver has to be loaded additionally.

Boot time depends on many different things : hardware, init system, kernel etc.

So there is nothing you should worry about - just enjoy ubuntu experience !


Ubuntu 15.10 mini iso preseed not recognized

Here is the result of 30 hours of frustration:

Ubuntu mini ISO cannot preseed from a file inside an ISO
Debian netinstall ISO can preseed from a file in the ISO
Ubuntu and debian Netinstalls cannot retrieve preseed files over SSL

Now i created a public available web server and load the preseed file from there. Why the Ubuntu cannot use a preseed file from in the ISO is a mystery to me, but there must be a valid reason.


The TLS connection was non-properly terminated

It is a bug in GnuTLS and curl was compiled using it instead of OpenSSL. You should try using a version compiled with openssl.


Problem solved

For some reason I found a copy of the downloaded file in my ~/temp/ folder thus inhibiting me from both downloading the file and taking up much space.


How do I install utorrent after I encounter the problems in the description?

You could find this useful How to install utorrent step by step? . But from my experience, Deluge is very good alternative to uTorrent, maybe even better.

[Edit] I found out that you can simply ignore these warnings, go to http://127.0.0.1:8080/gui/ in your browser and put admin as username and left the password blank.


Last Ubunutu 20.04 update broke something with the keyboard mappings


What type of file should I make the partitions,

ext4

  what size should I make them

Whatever you want but I would suggest at least 10 Gb for /, but more if you intend to use MySQL and want to use /etc for the storage of databases. Depending on how you use the system you can have no swap or 2x the size of your memory.

I myself also create a 25Gb /home partition and put the remainder on a separate partition so I can store my personal files there and can always format home.


After searching here for wayland-procotols, it seems that the latest packaged version for Ubuntu 18.04 is 1.13-1; for Ubuntu 20.04 LTS it is instead 1.20-1. You should consider upgrading your OS to the latest LTS (a tutorial can be found here) or cloning the project from GitHub (project) and compiling yourself the desired version.


How to customize Ubuntu 10.10 Netbook Edition Gnome panel?

No, that method won't work, as the new UNE interface uses a specifically created panel, not in any form related to the old gnome-panel UNE in Lucid used. So, as of now, you really can't customize/add/remove things.

This new panel only holds down the indicator-applet (indicator-applet-complete) package. Let's see what's coming in Natty for UNE and if options like this one, autohide, etc, are added.


Ubuntu and Logitech USB external speaker

Go to System Settings/Sound, and change the "Play sound through" settings so that the output goes to your Logitech USB speakers.

Update #1:

We needed to...

plug in the speaker's USB cable (sigh)
change the BIOS to enable legacy USB mode


First we try to force the installation of the necessary packages

sudo apt-get install node-abbrev node-ansi node-archy
sudo apt-get install --reinstall nodejs

And after apt-cache policy npm nodejs node-abbrev node-ansi node-archy you have this

npm:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 1.3.10~dfsg-1
  Version table:
     1.3.10~dfsg-1 0
        500 http://kg.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
nodejs:
  Installed: 4.2.1-2nodesource1~trusty1
  Candidate: 4.2.1-2nodesource1~trusty1
  Version table:
 *** 4.2.1-2nodesource1~trusty1 0
        500 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_4.x/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     0.10.25~dfsg2-2ubuntu1 0
        500 http://kg.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe amd64 Packages
node-abbrev:
  Installed: 1.0.4-2
  Candidate: 1.0.4-2
  Version table:
 *** 1.0.4-2 0
        500 http://kg.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
node-ansi:
  Installed: 0.2.1-1
  Candidate: 0.2.1-1
  Version table:
 *** 0.2.1-1 0
        500 http://kg.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
node-archy:
  Installed: 0.0.2-1
  Candidate: 0.0.2-1
  Version table:
 *** 0.0.2-1 0
        500 http://kg.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

And since I get no further feedback from you

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nodejs=0.10.25~dfsg2-2ubuntu1
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get install npm


Screen turns black when lowering brightness

most probably, the brightness settings of your notebook is a bit out of standard, similar to apple notebooks. You can play with brightness settings trough xrandr to get more detailed message what is going on. Most probably it is a hardware specific. Type:

xrandr --current

add the output to your question. This will return to you the notebook display ID, could be LVDS0 or LVDS-0

xrandr --output <outputname> --brightness 0.8

try different values. Setup the monitor cloning in case you get into blank screen, so you will see the screen on external display (if you have some).
try to search for help for your hardware or report a bug. Brightness keys probably are not implemented good for your notebook type.

Added: Definitely there is a solution for that: (Cannot change brightness on my laptop (Lenovo ThinkPad Edge E535)) but it is for 12.10


How may I boot up 14.04 lts without having to worry about having a usb or cd inserted during startup?

i have had this problem before. i fixed it by using the infamous boot repair disk. its a 64 bit copy but it runs on 32 bit laptop fine. here is the link. http://sourceforge.net/projects/boot-repair-cd/ it re installs grub and fixes the crashy thingy


Partitions; Ubuntu, Kubuntu, Windows, you name it, how do I do it?

Ok many questions but I will give it a try. Here the answers:

First you can partition like you said. But notice: You should first create an extended volume since primary partitions are limited to just 5 partitions. With extended its no problem.
You should also take care of swap (a bit more than your ram usage or more than double your ram size if you want to hibernate. Because hibernating means to write your RAM to the swap space and if there is already something it needs more space.)

Next: I prefer to install windows first because Windows always breaks Grub and all custom bootloaders. Every linux distribution supports detecting other operating systems.

After installing Windows you can proceed to Ubuntu and to the rest.
Notice In Ubuntu (or whatever you change as first distribution to install) you should install the bootloader to your hard disk /dev/sdX (X refers to your hard disk drive) and every Linux afterwards should not install Grub to MBR.

At the end of your installation routine you can boot into your Ubuntu or first chosen Linux system and do update-grub.

How you can install without CD/DVD:
Use multisystem for more than one ISO on a USB drive. So you can save time. If you prefer installing every single ISO to your USB drive you can check out UNetbootin.

If you choose Multisystem:

Download the required ISOs
Load them all into Multisystem
Quit multisystem
Boot from USB drive
Choose first distribution you want to install
Wait for being booted (could take some minutes)
Install distribution as it would be on a CD/DVD to your hard drive
Reboot again into USB drive
Choose your next Linux
Repeat this from 6 to 9

If you choose Unetbootin:

Download all ISOs
Install the first ISO to USB drive
Reboot and install the distribution
Reboot into another system and copy the next ISO to the stick
Do this loop too

By the way: Good luck and have fun ;)


What exactly is causing Debian to want to put packages up for "autoremove"?

Default packages on your system are often not installed individually but dragged in as a dependency to a "meta" package. When you have removed that meta package, you favorite package manager must assume that you have no interest in what was installed only to make that meta package happy.

For instance have a look at kde-standard (of my Ubuntu machine):

apt-cache show kde-standard
Package: kde-standard
Architecture: amd64
Version: 5:100ubuntu2
Priority: optional
Section: universe/metapackages
Source: meta-kde
Origin: Ubuntu
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
Original-Maintainer: Debian Qt/KDE Maintainers <debian-qt-kde@lists.debian.org>
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Installed-Size: 21
Depends: akregator (>= 4:17.08.3), ark (>= 4:17.08.3), dragonplayer (>= 4:17.08.3), gwenview (>= 4:17.08.3), juk (>= 4:17.08.3), kaddressbook (>= 4:17.08.3), kate (>= 4:17.08.3), kcalc (>= 4:17.08.3), kde-plasma-desktop (>= 5:100ubuntu2), kde-spectacle (>= 17.08.3), khelpcenter (>= 4:17.08.3), kmail (>= 4:17.08.3), knotes (>= 4:17.08.3), kopete (>= 4:17.08.3), korganizer (>= 4:17.08.3), kwalletmanager (>= 4:17.08.3), okular (>= 4:17.08.3), plasma-dataengines-addons (>= 4:5.10), plasma-pa (>= 5.10) | kmix (>= 4:17.08.3), plasma-runners-addons (>= 4:5.10), plasma-wallpapers-addons (>= 4:5.10), plasma-widgets-addons (>= 4:5.10), polkit-kde-agent-1 (>= 4:5.10), sweeper (>= 4:17.08.3)
Recommends: konq-plugins (>= 4:17.08.3), plasma-nm (>= 4:5.10)
Suggests: skanlite
Breaks: kde-minimal (<< 5:57)
Filename: pool/universe/m/meta-kde/kde-standard_100ubuntu2_amd64.deb
Size: 2096
MD5sum: c695504c343f43d52d27d2d2a7afb1c6
SHA1: 309939b0aa4925fe8abde6405cc8e610cd514a7d
SHA256: 93ba353ff7f6fc0d6994fafaab5a49bc2ddbdaa157eb9d7174ae7ef2a6a70558
Homepage: http://www.kde.org
Description-en: KDE Plasma Desktop and standard set of applications
 The KDE Software Compilation is the powerful, integrated, and easy-to-use Free
 Software desktop platform and suite of applications.
 .
 This metapackage includes the KDE Plasma Desktop and a selection of the most
 common used applications in a standard KDE desktop.
Description-md5: 22b1a1d202f3643155a96f5ad211c0fb

If removing kde-standard, then you are likely to remove your favorite kcalc, too. kde-plasma-desktop likely was also installed directly so this would not be offered for autoremoval.


The Jack Audio Connection kit does precisely what I'm looking for. The main issue I ran into is I was trying to solve my problem with Pulseaudio, but it appears jackd is the daemon of choice for hi-end audio, in Linux.

Jack-plumbing makes setting up persistent connections between applications and the audio system convenient, especially on linux boxes that do not have monitors.  qjackctl is one of many ways you can do it if you want to use a GUI.  I found the jack-plumbing file format a little obtuse, so I used qjackctl to help determine the file format.

For example,

(connect "MPlayer \[[0-9]+\]:out_0" "system:playback_9")
(connect "MPlayer \[[0-9]+\]:out_1" "system:playback_10")

is the contents of my .jack-plumbing file (at the top of my home directory) that sets up a persistent connection between mplayer and my audio system.

I grabbed these lines from the qjackctl "patchbay" file:

<!DOCTYPE patchbay>
<patchbay version="0.4.2" name="patchbay">
<output-sockets>
<socket exclusive="off" name="MPlayer \[[0-9]+\] 1" client="MPlayer \[[0-9]+\]" type="jack-audio">
<plug>out_0</plug>
<plug>out_1</plug>
</socket>
</output-sockets>
<input-sockets>
<socket exclusive="off" name="system 1" client="system" type="jack-audio">
<plug>playback_9</plug>
<plug>playback_10</plug>
</socket>
</input-sockets>
<slots/>
<cables>
<cable output="MPlayer \[[0-9]+\] 1" input="system 1" type="jack-audio"/>
</cables>
</patchbay>

A command such as

mplayer -ao jack blah.mp3

is enough to play the blah.mp3 file over the system.

edit:

An alternative solution is to create /etc/asound.conf and make it this:

pcm.usbSTR {
  type hw
  card USBStreamer
  device 0
}
pcm.usbREMAP {
  type plug
  slave.pcm usbSTR
  ttable.0.8 1
  ttable.1.9 1
}
pcm.!default {
  type plug
  slave.pcm usbREMAP
}
ctl.!default {
  type plug
  slave.pcm usbREMAP
}

This allows you to avoid Jack altogether, and pipe directly to ALSA.


Tools > Options > LibreOffice > View

Switch Icon style from Automatic to another style in dropdown.


Isn't the calendar applet supposed to show today's date under the clock?

I'm assuming that it's a bug. I've reported it here.


Easy BCD Help: Dual boot Win7 and Ubuntu 11.10 -- "Add new Entry" for Ubuntu

If you want to use Windows 7 Bootloader as default, even with EasyBCD, you MUST install GRUB2 to your Ubuntu partition, or you can restore GRUB2 MBR.

Entering into your Ubuntu Installation Root environment

1) Boot into Live CD

2) Open Terminal (CTRL+ALT+T)

3) Enter the following commands:

sudo fdisk -l

And find your Ubuntu partition (should be /dev/sda1 if it is the first partition)

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys

sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc

sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev

sudo chroot /mnt

If you want to restore Ubuntu bootloader:

sudo grub-install /dev/sda

If you want to use Win7 Bootloader as default (and Ubuntu EasyBCD entry) try:

sudo grub-install /dev/sda1

4) Enter the following command:

sudo update-grub

5) Reboot

More info here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RecoveringUbuntuAfterInstallingWindows


Did you install 331 using the xorg-edgers ppa? I was using that and ran into this same issue. I exited to the console and purged that ppa. Then I moved to their stable x-swat track. Once I reinstalled 331 from there I've had no issues.


First of all install the xdotool:
sudo apt-get install xdotool

Create a Desktop Shortcut for the 'Show Desktop' for simulate the press key Win+D using xdotool:
sudo nano /usr/share/applications/show-desktop.desktop

Add below contents:
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=xdotool key --delay 100 super+d
Name=Show Desktop
Icon=desktop
Terminal=false
StartupNotify=false

Or skip the boring edit part from above and enter this:
echo -e "[Desktop Entry]\nType=Application\nExec=xdotool key --delay 100 super+d\nName=Show Desktop\nIcon=desktop\nTerminal=false\nStartupNotify=false" | sudo tee /usr/share/applications/show-desktop.desktop > /dev/null

Create a Dockitem file in Phank:
nano ~/.config/plank/dock1/launchers/show-desktop.dockitem

The contents:
[PlankItemsDockItemPreferences]
Launcher=file:///usr/share/applications/show-desktop.desktop

Or skip the boring edit part from above and enter this:
/bin/bash -c 'echo -e "[PlankItemsDockItemPreferences]\nLauncher=file:///usr/share/applications/show-desktop.desktop" | tee ~/.config/plank/dock1/launchers/show-desktop.dockitem'

Make It Permanent
Now create a entry for the command above in gnome-session-properties. Because if accidentally make a mistake and remove the "Show Desktop" dockitem (uncheck 'Keep In Dock'), so you need to re-create the dockitem file again every time. To solve this problem, we just force to recreate the dockitem file on every session startup:
echo -e "[Desktop Entry]\nType=Application\nExec=/bin/bash -c 'echo -e \"[PlankItemsDockItemPreferences]\\\nLauncher=file:///usr/share/applications/show-desktop.desktop\" | tee ~/.config/plank/dock1/launchers/show-desktop.dockitem'\nHidden=false\nX-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true\nName=show-desktop-in-phank" | tee ~/.config/autostart/show-desktop-in-phank.desktop > /dev/null


Apache2 say:

  One further directive AddOutputFilterByType is still supported, but deprecated. Use dynamic configuration instead.

First I thought that better to use AddOutputFilter directive.

However solution found at How to enable gzip compression on Apache show enough anew way to configure mod_deflate.

Lookalike:

<IfModule mod_mime.c>
 AddType application/x-javascript .js
 AddType text/css .css
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_deflate.c>
 SetOutputFilter DEFLATE
  <IfModule mod_setenvif.c>
   SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \.(?:rar|zip)$ no-gzip dont-vary
   SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \.(?:gif|jpg|png)$ no-gzip dont-vary
   SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \.(?:avi|mov|mp4)$ no-gzip dont-vary
   SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \.mp3$ no-gzip dont-vary
  </IfModule>
 <IfModule mod_headers.c>
  Header append Vary User-Agent env=!dont-vary
 </IfModule>
</IfModule>

Read subj for a varies.

Example of Apache 1.3 mod_gzip module mean just:

  <ifModule mod_gzip.c>
    mod_gzip_on Yes
    mod_gzip_dechunk Yes
    mod_gzip_item_include file .(html?|txt|css|js|php|pl)$
    mod_gzip_item_include handler ^cgi-script$
    mod_gzip_item_include mime ^text/.*
    mod_gzip_item_include mime ^application/x-javascript.*
    mod_gzip_item_exclude mime ^image/.*
    mod_gzip_item_exclude rspheader ^Content-Encoding:.*gzip.*
  </ifModule>

look more / found here

And my humble opinion that the part about really old browsers is not very reliable part of your .htaccess …


That is Unity 3D (if the screenshot you posted is accurate, that is).

The 3D part simply means that it uses OpenGL (it doesn't mean it's literally 3D).


When you have installed openvpn from the repo, everything is already prepared for you.

Place the whatever.conf file in /etc/openvpn/ and a daemon will be started for it at boot.

Edit

Please note that *.opvn will not work, *.conf will.


I just installed the latest version of Acrobat Reader DC (2019) in Wine using this guide by user filozofio here :

install wine and winetricks
execute these commands in a terminal:

winetricks atmlib
winetricks riched20
winetricks wsh57
winetricks mspatcha

Get the Windows 7 fonts, especially the sego* fonts.

I got them from here: https://www.w7df.com/7/download.html

Copy the windows fonts to a folder in /usr/share/fonts
execute this command in a terminal:

sudo fc-cache -vf

Download the Windows version of Adobe Acrobat Reader DC from https://get.adobe.com/reader/otherversions/
Install it via wine

wine /path/to/installer.exe (e.g. wine ~/Downloads/AcroRdrDC1901020064_en_US.exe

At start up, select "always start with protected mode disabled" (not possible in wine)
Accept the license


System suggests removal of kdelibs-data on sudo autoremove

The kdelibs-data /1/ is/was part of the KDE 3.5 desktop. If you have installed "old" applications that need the support of the KDE 3.5 then you need the kdelibs-data.

If you are only using the KDE 4 apps then you don't need the kdelibs-data.

The KDE 4 is having the kdelibs5-data /2/.

http://packages.ubuntu.com/natty/kdelibs-data
http://packages.ubuntu.com/natty/kdelibs5-data


Custom launcher icon opens a second generic icon

About Tkinter windows
The window in your image is a Tkinter window. Tkinter windows by default do not match the launcher icon unless you specifically set the launcher (.desktop file) to match the window's WM_CLASS. Further below is explained how to do that.
however
If you do not define a specific WM_CLASS in your python/Tkinter code, all Tkinter windows have the same WM_CLASS. You can see that if you run
xprop WM_CLASS

in a terminal, press Return, and subsequently click on the Tkinter window. This will show:
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "tk", "Tk"

This means that if you possibly have multiple Tkinter applications, they would all appear under the same icon in the launcher. This would be a generic one unless you edit your .desktop file.
How to set a distintive WM_CLASS in python/Tkinter
You can define the WM_CLASS by setting it like below:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
from tkinter import *

# set the WM_CLASS
win = Tk(className="applicationname")
# set the window title
win.wm_title("Test 123")
win.mainloop()

Add the WM_CLASS to your .desktop file
Add the following line to your .desktop file:
StartupWMClass=applicationname

where applicationname is the name you set in the python/Tkinter code.


As an owner of a very similar SAMSUNG laptop, I can tell, if you want the best one at the cost of some time, get the SAMSUNG. The AMD A-Series APU will not work out-of-the-box with Ubuntu 11.10, however they do work pretty well with the lastest updates for 11.10, which you may achieve with a Minimal ISO. That or either using Ubuntu 12.04.

I would recommend using the lastest propietary drivers from AMD (I think they are actually 12.1), since the few ways I've found to make some heat on the laptop was either expensive gaming or using the open source drivers.

If that is not a problem, then go to the laptop as it is. SAMSUNG does provide a better build quality and materials. Also, design is more stylish. I love the fact that they use small bezels for screens since you get more space (a 15.6" laptop will look like a 14"). If you use your computer at anywhere except total darkness, you will get benefit of the matte-finish screen, compared with the glossy screens which will reflect every light.

Also, they use some BIOS-level battery technology, which if you enable, may charge the battery only up to 80%, that at cost of battery discharge time, it will let the battery a longer lifetime.

As for the ugly truth, I got difficult to get used to the fact that the keyboard does not have any CAPS LOCK light, but now I use a sound in Ubuntu to tell me so. One thing though, wrist-rest space is a fingerprint catcher. Back-cover too.

The laptop feels very solid, except on opening-closing the lid, which may require use of both hands most of the time. Speakers are somewhat weak compared to my brother's HP, still audio is pretty nice and clear.

Keep in mind, the SAMSUNG laptop is mostly aimed for business. Still, with proprietary drivers, the A8 APU with ATI HD6680G (I think), easily outperforms the Intel HD3000.

Also I don't know for the GATEWAY, but the SAMSUNG comes with Bluetooth 3.0.

Good luck, and if you need anymore info of SAMSUNG laptop, just tell me! ;)


Can I use a USB stick for a normal install? (to get platform adaptability)

No problem whatsoever! (I've got a USB disk just like that but I've never tried anything but BIOS machines, as I rarely encounter UEFI machines and if I meet one, I put them in BIOS mode and revert back when I leave)

Procedure is exceedingly simple:

Buy a decent USB 3.0 SLC USB disk. These are normally advertised as 200-300 Mbps USB 3.0 disks, but your mileage may vary. Read the specs

Why? SLC is vastly superior in speed to MLC or TLC drives and lasts about 4-12 times longer.  This outweighs the cost of these things... (2-3 times as expensive as other "fast" USB disks, 3-4 times as expensive as a low-end one)
Use Lubuntu (in your case: 64-bit)

Why? Lubuntu is the most compatible of all of the Ubuntu family and you're not going to use this as a high-end server, so Lubuntu will be snazzy even on a 1GB USB 2.0 machine. I use the 32-bit version with PAE extensions forced as I run this thing on a variety of hardware (mainly to resurrect Windows machines, but I've been told already to wipe the F|@#§g Windows and install this nifty, fast, free OS!)
Install like you would install any other machine, but treat the SLC as a simple hard disk and install grub, swap, / and /home.
Optimise fstab as you would for an SSD drive

Why 3+4?  Obviously ;-) you basically have an SSD on a stick!
Set the sysctl.conf parameters as follows:

# Prevent USB wear out due to excessive swap usage.
# Only start swapping when the memory is 90% full
vm.swappiness = 10

# This percentage value controls the tendency of the kernel to reclaim
# the memory which is used for caching of directory and inode objects.
#
# At the default value of vfs_cache_pressure=100 the kernel will attempt to
# reclaim dentries and inodes at a "fair" rate with respect to pagecache and
# swapcache reclaim.  Decreasing vfs_cache_pressure causes the kernel to prefer
# to retain dentry and inode caches.
#
# Basically, once something is swapped it's probably not immediately needed
# any more, so increase the kernel's resistance a bit more trying to build up
# a large cache again.
vm.vfs_cache_pressure = 75

# Good to improve sequential reads (stop stuttering background music)
# Can also be implemented per disk using udev rules
# in KB, so only 3MB lost, so who cares nowadays?
vm.max-readahead=2048
vm.min-readahead=1024

Why?  Read the comments above...
Install as many command-line tools as you want, but stay away from huge memory-hungry programs as you won't know what kind of machine you'll be running this on.  (OK: I confess: I've got LibreOffice running, but that's about it.  Nu MySQL, no GIMP, no 3D-rendering, ...)
Stay away from any proprietary modules (aka drivers), just standard Linux kernel modules... And these are extremely good at adapting to their environment! They're like mongrels: they'll eat anything, drink anything and ... well, whatever. ;-) It just works!

That's it!


Subfolder share permission on create over vbox (ubuntu host and ubuntu guest)

On my guest I only ever did the sudo adduser myguestuser vboxsf, installed guest additions, installed the extension pack and then added a shared folder via the VirtualBox GUI with automount and full access.  Never needed to do a mount.  The host is then available via /media/sf_myguestuser (or similar path).


What does a wallpaper with a clock mean?

Let me give you a hint:

  Changes throughout the day

This wallpaper will automatically cycle through all of the default wallpapers shipped with Ubuntu once every day.

Its behaviour is configured in a file /usr/share/backgrounds/contest/*.xml, with the file name normally being equal to your Ubuntu release name (e.g. xenial.xml).


Where can I find the command line editor


Can I extract a program or script from an ISO image or bootable drive?

Mount the .iso, then use regular file copying tools:

Here's an example, with a different .iso

$ mkdir ~/mnt/iso
$ sudo mount -t iso9660 -o ro ipfire-2.19.i586-full-core114.iso ~/mnt/iso
$ df ~/mnt/iso
Filesystem     1K-blocks   Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/loop0        174656 174656         0 100% /home/w3/mnt/iso


Let's assume your user name is tiger - just replace everywhere below the name with your real name of user. Create bash script in the home directory of your user:

touch /home/tiger/workrave.sh

Make the created script executable:

chmod +x /home/tiger/workrave.sh

Open the script in text editor, let it be nano for instance:

nano /home/tiger/workrave.sh

Insert into the script its content (don't forget to replace tiger):

#!/bin/bash
ifrun=$(pgrep -cxu tiger -f /usr/bin/workrave)
if [[ $ifrun == 0 ]] ;
then
    DISPLAY=:0 /usr/bin/workrave &
fi

Save changes and close text editor. Open crontab as tiger:

crontab -e

Add to end of crontab the line (don't forget to replace tiger):

*/1 * * * * /home/tiger/workrave.sh

Save and close crontab. Check if everything works (cron will run the script every minute). Setup time for the script execution. That's all.

Remark. The script executes workrave only if other its instances aren't running.

UPDATE

Script for testing purposes (replace tiger):

#!/bin/bash
DISPLAY=:0 /usr/bin/workrave 2>> /home/tiger/workrave-errors.log


Why will byobu only split into tabs using a terminal, and not do the same in a console/tty?

That's a great question!

Sadly, the actual console TTY in Linux is not an actual Xterm, which is able to capture and support far more key presses.

I have long suspected that the Linux TTY could be taught to support the Shift-F-keys, though I've never gotten around to trying.  Sorry.


How can I add an application to the system to execute it via ALT+F2?

Any application that you install, you can access via Alt+F2.  As an example I have installed Gimp, and then pressed Alt+F2, typed Gimp, and this is what I get.

I click on Gimp to run it, and it runs OK.


What's goin' with Youtube under Ubuntu 15.10?

Server not Found means there's some problem between your computer and the youtube server that is keeping you from finding the destination server.  I just tested youtube, and it's not currently broken, so I suspect it's a DNS issue.

Try accessing youtube by IP Address instead to see if this is the case.

So try this addresses and see if you get access to youtube directly...

http://208.65.153.238
http://208.65.153.251
http://208.65.153.253
http://208.117.236.69

Source: http://compnetworking.about.com/od/traceipaddresses/f/youtube-ip-addr.htm


Firstly, you can not work with mounted partitions. Since you are trying to modify the partition on which Ubuntu is installed, you can't do this from your installed OS as you cant unmount the partition. So what you have to do is:

Create a live USB/DVD and boot into Ubuntu Live
In Gparted you start from the live environment, unmount the partition. If the partition is mounted, 'key' icon will be present next to the name of the partition. To unmount from Gparted, just right click on the partition and click Unmount.

Now modify the partition.
Reboot and Voilà! It's done.


I would guess you're using different shells.  What you see on the left is the default prompt for the Bash shell, and what is on the right might be the system shell: Dash.

To change your shell to Bash, try logging in as the given user and then:

chsh -s /bin/bash

Or as root (eg with sudo), try

chsh -s /bin/bash user

How you ended up with a shell other than Bash is another matter: perhaps that user was created as a system user or was created by some software directly modifying /etc/passwd instead of the usual adduser command (or even useradd).


tmpfs filesystem on the output of `df -h` on Ubuntu 16

Those directories /run/user/$uid were introduced with systemd (Ubuntu 15.04+).
From What is this folder /run/user/1000?:

  /run/user/$uid is created by pam_systemd
  and used for storing files used by running processes for that user.
  These might be things such as your keyring daemon, pulseaudio, etc.

So they are kind of temporary directories private to the corresponding user.


How do I disable remote SSH login as root from a server?

I assume you meant logging in over SSH? Put the following line to /etc/ssh/sshd_config:

PermitRootLogin no

If you want to deny certain users from logging in, put this in the configuration file:

DenyUsers root

This takes the blacklisting approach. Whitelisting is generally preferable. If your company needs to allow the rob and admin users log in on the server, use the following configuration directive:

AllowUsers rob admin

After making configuration file changes, restart the ssh service using the command:

sudo service ssh restart

See also the manual page.


What problems I may face during upgrade due to removal of following packages?

I did the same thing. I removed the software I wasn't using like Evolution and Gwibber.

Nothing happened. The updater will simply not update this software since you don't have it. It's ok then.

After, for a major upgrade to 11.04 for example, I don't know if everything will come back. We'll see.

One thing is sure, it's that no matter what Natty will do (reinstall the software that you removed or not), you won't have any problem.


You can try executing export DISPLAY=:0 before the command as a workaround.

Or, alternatively, use DISPLAY=:0 gksudo gedit.


16.04 reboots 4 seconds after shutdown completes (Acer Aspire V5-571P)

After several hours trying to solve this, I was able to find a final solution to my Acer Aspire V5-471.

I have tried everything which I found in internet with no results in Mint 18.2 64 bits (grub options, wake up in bios, wifi configuration, laptop-mode-tools, kernel update, etc, etc). After a searching in usb issue, I just put that in /etc/rc.local above the existing line that says exit 0:

for usb_ports in /sys/bus/usb/devices/usb?/power/control; do
   echo on > $usb_ports
done

It did the trick and I finally could shut down my computer!


PulseAudio not working in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

I too had same issue and I'm not sure what worked for me but after following all steps given at this link, audio driver issue solved for me.


Dual booting Ubuntu 13.10 x64 and Windows 7 Ultimate N x64?

Try to recreate the bootloader of Windows 7 to login first. To do this, you will need a pendrive with a formatted ISO of Windows 7 x64 N (min 4GB) and Rufus Bootable USB program. You can download this for free from the internet. And also EasyBCD to create Windows boot loader with Grub emulated bootloader to boot your Ubuntu OS. This is steps:

Create a Windows 7 pendrive or prepare your Windows 7 installation DVD
When Windows 7 setup screen is displayed, select repair computer, and select from other menu windows cmd
Write this command - bootrec /fixmbr and /rebuildbcd
Now you should can login to your Windows system
Install EasyBCD program
Create new boot option with Grub emulator
Restart your computer, and select grub, when your Linux system

I hope that I could help you :)


Ipods don't support USB storage so you must sync them like you do to Itunes.

The default music player Amarok should sync if you open it with the Ipod connected but I could be wrong

For a better solution (in my opinion) I recommend GTKPOD, this is a program designed exclusively to manage your I pod, open a terminal and run

sudo apt-get install gtkpod

Then just search gtkpod in start menu, it should meet all your Ipod needs and is like Itunes, here is there website


Your upstart config file lacks an exec or script section, and you seem to be wanting to start things with the pre-start command only, which is not correct. Per the upstart documentation (http://upstart.ubuntu.com/getting-started.html):

  All job files must have either an exec or script stanza. This
  specifies what will be run for the job.

  Additional shell code can be given to be run before or after the
  binary or script specified with exec or script. These are not expected
  to start the process, in fact, they can't. They are intended for
  preparing the environment and cleaning up afterwards.

Also, what your original task requests ("No long-running service/daemon is launched, only short-term actions.") seems to contradict the fact that your script.sh has both start and stop actions, which does suggest a long-running daemon.

description     "test script"

start on local-filesystems or runlevel [2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]

task

# Assuming script.sh start starts, performs a process, and then exits,
# this should work
exec /full/path/to/script.sh start

# No need for a pre-stop

The upstart document I linked to is supposedly deprecated, you can also have a look at http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/ which is a good reference and has useful examples, so I suggest you read it if things are still unclear.


Unable to load Windows(8.x) Partition in Ubuntu

You've probably followed this answer and that's a dangerous thing to do.

Ubuntu can easily recover data from a crashed Windows provided you don't have any hardware or Windows file system (NTFS) errors.

To get rid of NTFS errors you need to have Windows check your drive with chkdsk /f before attempting recovery under Ubuntu.

The "best" thing you can do under the circumstances you now have is to:

Stop working on the original disk
Make a full sector-by-sector copy of your disk onto a new disk using ddrescue

After you've booted from the Ubuntu Live CD (the newest stable version is recommended) type the following commands:

sudo apt-get install gddrescue
sudo ddrescue --binary-prefixes --cluster-size=64 --sparse --timeout=20s /dev/XdY /dev/AdB /media/ubuntu/ddrescue.log

where XdY and AdB are the drive letters for the source and target drive. Ensure you don't copy the empty disk on the full disk. Examples are sda, sdb, hd0, hd1, ... Ubuntu doesn't work with Windows drive letters but with disks and partitions.  If you're unsure, ask!

If the copy doesn't give you the data you need, continue to the next step.
Use testdisk on the copy to recover some files

If you cannot recover enough, execute Step 2 again and continue to step 4.
use photorec on the fresh copy to recover some more files.

That's it!  You will not be able to recover everything but let's hope that 87.5% is enough.


As described here:

  The panel preferences can be opened by going to Settings → Panel in
  your applications menu. You can also access panel preferences by right
  clicking on your panel and going to Panel Settings. If you right click
  on space occupied by a panel plugin, you can access panel preferences
  by going to Panel → Panel Preferences....

So, you may follow this brief guide to enter xfce4 panel settings, find there tab "Display" and using "Measurements" options resize your panel.