Cannot connect to Mac computer via smb in Ubuntu 16.04

I have the same problem using Xubuntu 16.04 and Mac 10.11.6. The best answer I could find Access OS X file share from Ubuntu

  If using SMB then with El Capitan Apple have recently implemented a new change intended to enhance security. This involved signing all the network packets. Some SMB clients cannot cope with this feature although I would expect a Linux machine running a recent version of SAMBA4 to be able to. It may require enabling a matching option in SAMBA. It is however possible to turn this feature off on the Mac server by doing the following.

sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration/com.apple.smb.server SigningRequired false

and

writing the following to /etc/nsmb.conf

[default]
signing_required=no

Apple officially has a how-to article of above method here.

However, I still cannot access Mac SMB share from my linux.

Current workaround is to use AFP protocol and Netatalk according to this guide


The latest versions are available via the ~ubuntu-mate-dev PPA

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-mate-dev/ppa
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-mate-dev/wily-mate
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends mate-desktop-environment


Error when installing ubuntu touch developer preview

When I ran the "phablet-flash -b" command, it had failed during a push operation with protocol error. This occurred when the image that was downloaded was being pushed to the android device as autodeploy.zip.  Since autodeploy.zip is likely corrupt at this point, it will cause various symptoms.

The best thing to do is to look for that protocol error, and repeat the push operation by running a command similar to the following:

adb push /home/<user>/Downloads/phablet-flash/ubuntu-touch/20130705.1/saucy-preinstalled-touch-armhf.zip /sdcard/autodeploy.zip

Once I rebooted in recovery mode, things went smoothly.


Going with the smartmon tools, you can look at the Power_On_Hours to give you an idea of how long the drive could have been booted up.

In a terminal window after installing the smartmontools

sudo apt install smartmontools

run the following command to get the power on hours of all the drives in the host:

ls /dev/sd[a-z] | while read drv; do echo -n "$drv "; sudo smartctl -a $drv | grep Power_On_Hours | awk '{print $NF}'; done

Break down of the command:

ls /dev/sd[a-z] - list all drives /dev/sd? A-Z

while read drv - set a variable called $drv for each drive found

do echo -n "$drv "; sudo smartctl -a $drv - Start the loop for each found drive.  Get all parameters of all drives found.

grep Power_On_Hours - Return the Power On Hours found on the drive

awk '{print $NF}' - Return only the last field as this is what we are looking for.

done:  Complete the loop.

It is not 100% accurate, but will give you an idea of how long the drive could have been in another computer powered on and possibly in use for.

See my example below:

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ ls /dev/sd[a-z] | while read drv; do echo -n "$drv "; sudo smartctl -a $drv | grep Power_On_Hours | awk '{print $NF}'; done
/dev/sda /dev/sdb 82578
/dev/sdc 71124
/dev/sdd 32215
/dev/sde 478
/dev/sdf 28062
/dev/sdg 6698
/dev/sdh 1939

On my list there, my /dev/sda actually does not support smart as it is an external usb drive, so it is not listed for the hours, but the rest are.  Yes, my sdb drive has been powered on for over 9 years.  It is a WD 250GB SATA drive.

Hope this helps give you an idea of how long the drive may have been used for.


Gvfs / samba lookup slow since update to 14.04

Solving this problem has had mixed results.

If you try mounting DIRECTLY using CIFS, you'll see that it is about 3x faster. Compare CIFS to direct disc write.

Many people have had this problem, as shown by a quick Google search.

Things said to work:

Some people have had success recompiling GVFS without HTTP.
Others have been able to solve this problem by dumping Nautilus and using the commandline.
Directly using IP addresses instead of NAS can sometimes work.
Adding DirectIO to the fstab.
Changing the CIFS buffer -- This is only temporary. To get this to be permanent, add options cifs CIFSMaxBufSize=65536 to /etc/modprobe.d/options.conf
Actually using CIFS instead of GVFS


How to uninstall Libreoffice Base only from ubuntu?

To uninstall libreoffice-base open the terminal and type:
sudo apt update
sudo apt remove libreoffice-base
sudo apt reinstall libreoffice-core libreoffice-common libreoffice-writer


16.04 apt pdate error: arm64 Packages not found

Ok so I figured out both what's the problem (thanks to you guys) and how to solve it:

The problem was that the NVidia Driveworks SKD seems to mess with apt, as in that apt tries to look for updates on the ARM architecture as well and there is no such path in the predefined package path (thanks, @guiverc).
Since I can't remove the architecture because I need it for development, I changed the /etc/apt/sources.list file by adding [arch=amd64,i386] where necessary. Example:

deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial universe main restricted multiverse

Apt is then only looking for updates on those two architectures. This solved the problem.


Unable to execute two commands in Startup Applications

Whenever startup applications are defined, it creates a desktop entry in ~/.config/autostart. So, it's a desktop entry which is responsible for launching an application at startup.
On a typical command line (terminal) you can use one of the following to execute two commands.
sleep 30; indicator-stickynotes
sleep 30 && indicator-stickynotes
sleep 30 & indicator-stickynotes

But desktop entries are very much different from the command line. According to Desktop Entry Specification:

The Exec key
The Exec key must contain a command line. A command line consists of an executable program optionally followed by one or more arguments.

Therefore only one command can be used in Desktop entries. Since you are using two commands, it'll eventually result in errors. Either desktop entry will fail to launch the application or the second command will be considered as an argument to the first command.
You can use sh/bash as a command for this, like:
sh -c "sleep 30; indicator-stickynotes"

As pointed out by ElementW in one of their comment, sleep 30; exec indicator-stickynotes would save a little memory and a PID, since sh is otherwise only waiting on indicator-stickynotes, its child process, to terminate, and serves no other purpose.


Check /usr/autodesk/maya2020/support/python/2.7.11/README_ubuntu_hashlib.txt
Basically you will need to do this:
cd /usr/autodesk/mayaxxxx/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
sudo mv _hashlib.so rhel_hashlib.so
sudo cp /usr/autodesk/mayaxxxx/support/python/2.7.11/ubuntu_hashlib.so _hashlib.so

I had to do the following though:
sudo cp /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/_hashlib.x86_64-linux-gnu.so _hashlib.so


Disable SOME dead keys on US International with dead keys

There are two keysyms for grave, grave and dead_grave, by default dead_grave is set to the ` key. xmodmap can be used to change it, and should be in Ubuntu by default (with arch install xorg-xmodmap).

To change it from the default dead_grave to grave, run:

xmodmap -e "keycode  49 = grave notsign grave notsign brokenbar notsign brokenbar notsign"

The rest of the values are various modifiers, e.g. the second one is shift.

If you want this to be permanent, create ~/.Xmodmap, and then add just:

keycode  49 = grave notsign grave notsign brokenbar notsign brokenbar notsign

If there are any other dead keys you're having trouble with, run:

xmodmap -pke | grep dead

And it should give you a list of dead keys. Alternatively you could run:

xmodmap -pke >> ~/.Xmodmap

You will then have a full list of keyboard keys and their sym values in .Xmodmap, which makes it easy to change your dead keys and any other keys to whatever custom layout you like.


Can't set a higher screen resolution in a external display in a Dell Mini 10v laptop

The same occurs to me. You must add the resolution with:

xrandr --newmode <ModeLine>

To know the ModeLine of your resolution, do this:

$ cvt 1650 900

You will get some like this:

# 1656x900 59.93 Hz (CVT) hsync: 55.98 kHz; pclk: 122.25 MHz
Modeline "1656x900_60.00"  122.25  1656 1752 1920 2184  900 903 913 934 -hsync +vsync

Then, copy the information after the word “Modeline” into the XRandR command:

$ xrandr --newmode "1656x900_60.00"  122.25  1656 1752 1920 2184  900 903 913 934 -hsync +vsync

After the mode is entered, it needs to be added to the output:

xrandr --addmode VGA1 1656x900_60.00

Now you have the new resolution :-)


Easy way
Run the command:
sudo apt install -f

It will fix anything it can that is broken. Anything it can't fix it will report to you which you can update into your question. If everything is OK next run:
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

You can wait until kernel 4.13.0-40 comes out. Simply use it and forget about 4.13.0-39 altogether. Just remember after booting 4.13.0-40 don't run sudo apt autoremove because then you will lose your working backup kernel 4.13.0-38.
After you have both 4.13.0-40 and 4.13.0-41 installed you can run sudo apt autoremove to delete kernel 4.13.0-38 (and everything older).

More complicated
You can also manually purge 4.13.0-39 (How do I remove old kernel versions to clean up the boot menu?) and reinstall it:
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install linux-image-4.13.0-39-generic linux-headers-4.13.0-39-generic linux-headers-4.13.0-39


Does Ubuntu installer preserve btrfs @home subvolume while installing / to the @ subvolume on the same parttion?

Well, since I got no answers, I risked proceeding with the installation anyway.
I'm reporting what I did, and the result, so it may help others and myself in the future.
What I did

Before starting, make an external backup of the important stuff in /home, of course.
Boot the live Ubuntu 20.40 from a USB flash drive,
and chose "Try Ubuntu without installing".
Mount /dev/sda2 btrfs partition on /mnt/
Delete everything inside the /mnt/@/ root subvolume.
(I previously made a btrfs snapshot of the subvolume,
just in case something went wrong and I would have to restore the old system back.
Fortunately this was not needed, but I'll keep the snapshot around for a while
so I can compare compare configuration files in /etc, for instance.)
Unmount mnt.
Start the Ubuntu installer.
On the "Installation type" window (see it on the tutorial),
choose "Something else".
On the partitioning window (a screenshot would be nice here),
choose /dev/sda2 partition, specify mount point = / and no formatting.
(There is no option for mount point /, /home, which would be clearer.)
On the "Who are you" window (see it on the tutorial),
enter a username equal to my previous main (uid=1000) username.
(This should be optional, but this way the main user will immediately "inherit" the previous homedir from /home.)

The installation proceeded fine from then on.
Result
Upon reboot, the system started fine, both / and /home were mounted from the @ and @home subvolumes, as expected, and I logged in to my account with no issues.
Summary
Apparently the Ubuntu installer will keep the @ and @home subvolumes if it finds them on the brtfs filesystem, and will mount them as / and /home
If you want to overwrite the / volume, as I did, you should clear it first.
I tried once without clearing, and the installation eventually failed.


In Unity is there a possibility to add groups and programs to the dash?

The menu is called dash and the icon at the top left is BFB(*) by developers and at the moment you/we can not do alot with arranging icons in dash.

Big Fat Button


Boot from live CD.

Mount the / partition.

Chroot to the mounted partition

Create another administrator user or just assign a password to your account to activate it.

Details:

You’ll want to boot from your Ubuntu Live CD, choosing “Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer” from the boot menu.

Once the system boots, open up a new Terminal window from Applications \ Accessories and then type in the following command:

sudo fdisk -l

This command is used to tell what device name the hard drive is using, which in most cases should be /dev/sda1, but could be different on your system.

Now you’ll need to create a directory to mount the hard drive on. Since we’re actually booting off the live cd, the directory doesn’t really get created anywhere.

sudo mkdir /media/sda1

The next command will mount the hard drive in the /media/sda1 folder.

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /media/sda1

Now it’s time for the command that actually does the magic: chroot.

sudo chroot /media/sda1

Now you should be able to use the passwd command to change your user account’s password, and it will be applied to the hard drive since we are using chroot.

passwd ADMINUSER

Note that you’ll have to type your username after the passwd command in order to change the right password.

Now you should be able to reboot your system and log yourself in with your new password.


Go to home directory, then click Ctrl+H and search for .gradle directory

.gradle>wrapper>dists
You will find the all gradle files
Remove that gradle file which is causing the problem and go to Android studio
and Try Again.
It will start downloading that file.
If that does not work download that gradle file manually from https://services.gradle.org/distributions/
Extract it and replace the file which one is in dists directory.


How to install Ubuntu alongside Windows 7/8

After installing Windows 7 or 8, you need to have a logical partition to install Ubuntu alongside it. If you don't have a logical partition then the option Install Ubuntu alongside Windows is missing.

To get it back, do the following.

Install EASEUS Partition Master Professional Edition (NB: Quite Expensive) or free trial download here
Run EASEUS Partition Master then click Go to main screen option.
Here, select the partition which you want to install Ubuntu in, and right-click on it and select Delete Partition. Now it's unallocated (Free space).
If you don't have this partition you can shrink another one other partition. Just right-click on other partition and select Resize/Move Partition (20GB is enough). Don't format the free space.
Now right-click on * unallocated and select Create Partition. Under the Create as drop down, select Logical and click OK.
Click the Apply button at the top of EASEUS window (under view menu) then click Yes. This operation needs to restart your computer to completing
Finish

If you insert the Ubuntu installation media (USB/DVD) you will see Install Ubuntu alongside Windows 7/8.


How to apply a patch to kernel to use bluetooth dongle in ubuntu 20.04

I would install Mainline a utility to install mainline kernels for Ubuntu
sudo apt-add-repository -y ppa:cappelikan/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mainline
Launch Mainline and install the 4.9.11 kernel and reboot.  The 4.9.11 kernel already has that patch installed


how do I boot ubuntu on an hp envy m6 with windows 8 originally?

If you can boot from a live disk, you can install grub to a USB to essentially function as an MBR.

Here's what you will need . . .

An ubuntu live disk DVD
A blank USB formatted to FAT32

Now, Step One

Insert the live disk and boot or reboot into a live session.
Insert the USB drive
Unmount the USB Drive by clicking the eject arrow in nautilus or the
equivalent file manager.

Step Two

Open a terminal and execute the following commands to install Grub to the USB drive.

1-First, determine your Ubuntu partition device and the USB device:

sudo lsblk

My Ubuntu partition is at /dev/sda3 and I will be using this as an example for the following commands, however, your's may be /dev/sda2 or even /dev/sda5. Use the output of lsblk to determine what you should substitute.

You will also need to know the drive letters for the USB. I will use /dev/sdb as an example, however, again your's may be something else.

2-Execute the following commands making sure to substitute /dev/sda3 with your Ubuntu partition and /dev/sdb with the USB drive.

sudo mount /dev/sda3 /mnt
sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/sdb

Grub is now installed to the USB drive.

Now, to update grub:

sudo mount /dev/sda3 /
sudo chroot /
sudo update-grub
sudo reboot

Be sure to remove the live disk DVD from the tray quickly but leave in the USB and Grub will be loaded from the USB when you boot. You will be given the option to select ubuntu from the grub menu.


There are quite a few ways to do what you want, but the way I'd recommend is:

Partition the new disk. It can be one big LVM partition or you can set aside one or more non-LVM partitions for other purposes. I sometimes create multiple LVM partitions (aka physical volumes, or PVs) so that I can remove one or more of them from the LVM configuration in the future, should the need arise. Note that I do not recommend putting PV data structures directly on the disk without partitions, as shown in the LVM answer you reference. Although this is legal, it can lead to confusion because hard disks are usually partitioned.
Prepare the PV(s) for use by LVM with the pvcreate command, as in sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb1.
Add the new PV(s) to your existing volume group (VG) with vgextend, as in sudo vgextend ubuntu--vg /dev/sdb1.
Type sudo pvdisplay to show statistics on your PVs, including their sizes.
Create a new logical volume (LV) with lvcreate, as in sudo lvcreate -L 900G -n home ubuntu--vg /dev/sdb1. Note that I've specified a syntax that enables you to set a size (via -L) and the PV on which the LV will be created (/dev/sdb1).
Type sudo pvdisplay again to verify that you've created an LV that's an appropriate size. If not, you can resize it with lvresize or delete it with lvremove and try again.
Create a filesystem on your LV, as in sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-home.
Mount the new LV somewhere convenient, as in sudo mount /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-home /mnt.
Copy your /home directory with tar, cp, rsync, or whatever tool you prefer.
Edit /etc/fstab to mount the new LV at /home.
Rename your current /home to some other name (say, /home-orig) and create a new empty /home directory to serve as a mount point.
Reboot and hope it works.
If it all looks good, delete the old /home-orig directory.

Steps 8-11 are very similar to equivalent steps in the procedure outlined in the wiki page you reference, so I've gone light on the details for those steps.

Note that, although I've done this sort of thing myself many times, the example commands I've shown are based on my reading of the relevant man pages, so I may have missed some detail. I recommend you review the man pages and, if you get an error, adjust once you figure out what's wrong. Also, I find Ubuntu's default LVM naming confusing, so I may have misinterpreted that detail, and you may need to adjust.

Once you're done with this, you'll have unused space in your PV on your SSD. You can expand your root (/) LV into this space, expand the /home LV to span both disks, create another LV for some special purpose, etc.

A variant of this procedure might be to leave your current /home LV where it is, create a new LV on the new disk, and begin using the new LV as spillover space. You note that your computer is a multi-user server, so this might be awkward, but there might be reasons to do this -- for instance, if just one or two users are consuming the lion's share of the disk space, you could move just their home directories to the new space or give them directories on the new space (with mount points or symbolic links to make access easier) and instruct them to move their big files to the new space. This approach would have the advantage of not negatively impacting other users, since the new hard disk storage space is likely to be noticeably slower than the old SSD storage space.


Should I install 64-bit Ubuntu on my Lenovo Ideapad Y510 laptop?

If only for support of more RAM an upgrade to 64-bit is not needed. In case you did a fresh install of 12.04 32-bit (i.e. no upgrade) you will already have a 32-bit pae kernel installed that supports up to 64 GB of RAM.

You can not "upgrade" 32-bit to 64-bit Ubuntu without re-installing the OS. This however may not be too much trouble in case you keep your HOME. If you decide to do that please make a backup of your important data before you proceed.

My personal recommendation in case you are happy with your installation, and you don't need to run 64-bit-only applications, would be to just leave your OS as it is. This is the least hazard to your data.


Why doesn't Chromium have "Chrome PDF Viewer" plugin?

Because the PDF plugin is not free software, i.e. it can only be included with the non-free Google Chrome browser.

See http://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=50852#c16 for a statement.


How to record dektop sound from chrome browser microphone?

Not a working answer but may depends on pc type :

With "pulseaudio volume control" (pavucontrol, to beinstalled if not present), you can add , in  input device tab, a "monitor of audio internal" so that playing sound can be recorded by f.i. Audacity  .
To do so, select "all input devices" in the input device bottom ,then click on the green button on the right of the new "monitor " input, to make it  default.

Unfortunately ,on my pc, it works fine with Audacity but not Chrome+ Google doc voice typing (only internal mic source works) .

Other way: in Youtube, you can activate subtitle then get subtile text in the "transcription" tab (underneath the video window) and copy/paste in word processor.


Widgets Look ugly after installing AMD/ATI drivers

do you have "MyUnity" installed?  If so, change the 'themes' tab to 'default' for both 'themes' and 'icons' and see if that helps.


Where can I download Ubuntu 13.04 Beta release?

This link features an overview of download links for 13.04 Beta 1:

  http://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/releases/13.04/beta-1/ (Ubuntu Cloud Server)
     http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/netboot/13.04/ (Ubuntu Netboot)

  http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/releases/13.04/beta-1/ (Kubuntu)
     http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/kubuntu-active/releases/13.04/beta-1/ (Kubuntu Active)
     http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/lubuntu/releases/13.04/beta-1/ (Lubuntu)

  http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/edubuntu/releases/13.04/beta-1/ (Edubuntu DVD)
     http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntustudio/releases/13.04/beta-1/ (Ubuntu Studio)
     http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/xubuntu/releases/13.04/beta-1/ (Xubuntu)


Yes, the module is still blacklisted. From the bug report:

  As far as this bug is concerned, the installation
  procedure is to update your firmware to the newest version and then install
  Ubuntu as usual.

  Driver support for particular laptop models should probably be addressed in
  separate bug reports.

So the module is still blacklisted with UEFI.

  No. Despite not directly causing the bricking, the samsung-laptop driver
  will only work in CMS mode and will cause random and potentially very bad
  problems when running under UEFI. The driver support issue is separate from
  this bug.


How to access applications of linux mint from xubuntu and vice versa?

In general sharing application binaries between different distributions is not possible without additionally adapting other aspects of our systems.

Most applications make extensive use of libraries shared with other applications to make the code lean. This means that whenever we run an application we need to make sure we have all libraries needed also installed.

On installation of a program our package management takes care to add missing libraries as a dependency. This will not be the case if we only pointed to an application binary installed in a different distribution. Amarok for example needs many KDE-specific libraries which will be installed in a KDE desktop but not in XFCE. In the latter case you'd need to install all those KDE-libraries there to be able to run Amarok. Then you could also install Amarok on XFCE in the first place. It will take a little more code but it will be considerably more stable then.

In addition, the file hierarchy and application settings format may differ between program versions, releases or distributions. Therefor we may already have issues if we only shared our HOME directory with a different release or distribution.

  In summary, it is not a good idea to share application binaries or configurations between different releases or distributions.

What people do if they wanted to run the same application on different desktop environments is they install just the desktop environments but not the whole distibutions (e.g. install Cinnamon desktop in Xubuntu or install Xubuntu desktop in Mint).


What happens to remounted data/directories

Mounts

When you mount a file system at a point in a file system, the previous contents become invisible for the duration of the mount and reappear when the mount is absent. They do consume space on the file system though invisible.

The question thread you quoted seems to have a lot of very helpful information. Maybe I can add a little information given your questions.

tmpfs

The contents of tmpfs file systems, as you mention, are not persistent--they always lose their data when the system is restarted.

While I know of no drawback for storing /tmp in memory (except for the memory it consumes), the FHS (Filesystem Hierarchy Standard) says that /var/tmp should survive reboots, so that shouldn't really be a tmpfs (mine is empty at this moment). /var/spool stores print jobs, and possibly other things. /var/log contains debugging information which is of no use unless you have a problem, but then may become very important. I wouldn't put any of these last three on a tmpfs, though I admit that the logs get a lot of writes.

aufs

I'm not sure, but I think perhaps the aufs mount is meant to allow one to read from /var/cache/ while actually storing anything you write to it to /tmp/ (which would appear in both /tmp and /var/cache/). I'm having trouble matching the fstab entry you mention in your question with the man page documentation I get with aufs-tools version 1:3.0+20111101-1ubuntu1. I wish the article you quote had more information about this particular item. If you decide to use aufs and have trouble with the syntax I'd suggest you try Andrew Ferrier's fstab entry from the comments in the question thread you quote as it seems to better match the documentation I was able to find.

/var/cache/apt/archive is used to contain .deb files for packages you have installed. If your system is like mine you will find a lot of the space here consumed by /var/cache/apt/archives. You can clean it out with sudo apt-get clean. A cache is useful for performance, but is supposed to only store replaceable items. The /var/cache/apt/archive cache allows you to reinstall versions of packages without having to download them again. If you want to reduce this space  with apt-get clean you would need to do that when there is no mount on top of /var/cache so the data can be seen and removed from the device and that space recovered.

Other Items

The noatime option and related nodiratime option give up having the file system remember when a file is accessed (read), with the benefit that there are fewer writes to the file system, improving performance and reducing wear on the SSD. If you care about searching for files that have been read in a certain time frame you would lose that abiility. I don't find myself doing that.

I see some suggest setting an option on your ext3/4 file systems to turn off the journal, which constitutes a fair number of writes, at the expense of recovering some data you have recently written if your system goes down.

If you look here, oldfred gives two commands that can be used with SSD's in post #2.

sudo tune2fs -O ^has_journal /dev/sda1
sudo tune2fs -o discard /dev/sda1

changing /dev/sda1 as appropriate, of course.

The first turns off the journalling I mention above. The second tells the kernel to communicate the deletion of file information to the SSD's controller so it can more optimally manage the device, giving better performance.

My Humble Opinion

I think I would start with using tmpfs for /tmp, use the noatime mount option, turn off EXT4 journaling and turn on the discard option.

I agree with JR0cket and definitely wouldn't put a swap file on the SSD for fear of shortening its useful life.

I've made these changes to my flash drive and, due to the journal change, it has had to take a few more seconds to fix up my file system on boot, having had to reboot at least once. When I reboot or halt apparently the file sync hasn't completed before the system has halted or rebooted and after the last write to the file system. That hasn't been a significant problem for me and I haven't noticed any other repercussions from the other changes.

I hope someone who has done this before or who knows about aufs will contribute more details in answer to your question.


Create a new startup disk and try again. If you have access to an Ubuntu machine, Startup Disk Creator works well for creating a bootable USB drive.


I use iBoot from tonymacx86.com. It is built on the Chameleon (or more recently Chimera) bootloader. It performs the same task as grub, but it is designed to work with OSX. It is also UEFI capable if your motherboard supports it.

Register at this forum: http://www.tonymacx86.com/
Then download this installer in OSX: http://www.tonymacx86.com/C:Dq-OCPpT/Chimera-1.7.0.zip


Here is the thing that worked for me.

Go to System->Preferences->Sound->Hardware

disable the item which is selected in there.


GNOME shell extension "Applications Menu" not working

Alt + F2
Type lg
Click 'Extensions'
'Show errors' below Application Menu
If error is this._button.hotCorner is undefined just enable it
(Gnome Tweak Tool: Top Bar → Activities Overview Hot Corner)
Or edit the extension.js :)
github gnome-shell-extensions


This list looks like only the ones that they have tested.

I have a HP Laserjet Pro 200 MFP and it works fine on Ubuntu 18.04. It is not on the list you provided.

I had to install the hplib software in order to get it work. Software can be downloaded at https://developers.hp.com/hp-linux-imaging-and-printing/gethplip


How to install needed Qt packages to build kernel on 14.04?

TL;DR: Based on what you already do have installed, just install pkg-config  and you should be good to go.

Building the kernel uses Qt if you want to configure what goes into your kernel by running make xconfig. (Which you likely do, as this is one of the friendliest ways to do it.)

At least for any remotely recent kernel, you can use Qt 4 instead of Qt 3. You should install:

libqt4-dev , so the xconfig utility can link against Qt4, and
pkg-config , so make xconfig can automatically discover the Qt4 headers installed by libqt4-dev and use them.

You can install those packages through the Software Center or with:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libqt4-dev pkg-config

(For more information on make xconfig, see this answer to What's a simple way to recompile the kernel?.)

You don't need both Qt3 and Qt4 headers: provided either is installed correctly and the system is configured so they'll be identified by make xconfig (pkg-config is one way to faciliate this), you don't need the other.

By the way, though there's no harm in doing so, it's not actually necessary to explicitly install qt4-dev-tools. libqt4-dev declares the other necessary Qt4-related packages, such as libqt4-dev-bin and qt4-qmake, as dependencies, causing them to be automatically installed as well. You also only need the ncurses packages if you're going to run make menuconfig (which is a non-graphical alternative to make xconfig).

In your case, you already have libqt4-dev  installed, so you can just install pkg-config .


How to create deb installer from tarballs?

Ubuntu wiki links:

The packaging guide
Information on getting a package integrated into Ubuntu
Other developer resources

If it's a source, compile the source and then look into checkinstall. It makes deb packages from compiled source code.
checkinstall
A guide for using checkinstall
Also you can try the following,
To get a deb from a tar.gz install alien
sudo apt-get install alien

then go to the tar.gz folder and:
alien -k filename.tar.gz

then double click on the new deb file to install it. (gdebi needs to be installed)


Flashing black and white screen when returning to GUI

"I also notice that returning from suspend also results in the same error."

I have same problem.

My main concern was inability to use suspend (I don't really have reason to use Ctrl+Alt+FX terminals).

Anyway I turned off option that turns off my screen after being inactive for some time and
it turned out that now I am able to suspend.

So if you want to avoid those flashes while "waking up" from suspended state, just turn option turn screen of when inactive off.

At least it worked for me.  Its not solution for the problem but it makes problem bearable


stop automatic full screen when dragging windows

Get Dconf Editor from Ubuntu Software and then go to /org/gnome/mutter and make edge-tilting false.


How to copy the stdout of a command to the clipboard in a default Ubuntu installation?

Copy stdout to the clipboard without installing additional software

Although it seemed impossible to me at first (and it is a bit of a detour), it is very well possible without additional software. The only thing needed is python, like it is installed from a fresh install.

This solution uses python's ability to copy text to the clipboard, and make it available to other applications, as explained (a.o.) here.

The construction

The first step is to create an empty textfile, let's say terminal_log.txt
The command(s) that run in the terminal are followed by | tee /path/to/terminal_log.txt, e.g.

pwd | tee /path/to/terminal_log.txt

The output will be in the terminal, as well as written to terminal_log.txt
Meanwhile, a script (see below) runs in the background, detecting changes to the file
If the file is changed, the change will be copied to the clipboard

The result of the example above:

pwd | tee /path/to/terminal_log.txt

If I open gedit and press Ctrl+V

/home/jacob/Desktop

How to setup

create an empty (log-) file, terminal_log.txt
Copy the script below into an empty file. In the head section, set the path to terminal_log.txt, save it as read_output.py
Start the script with the command

python /path/to/read_output.py

Run in (another) terminal your command, followed by:

| tee /path/to/terminal_log.txt
The output of your command is copied to the clipboard

If you use it frequently, you could run it as a startup application.

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python
import pygtk
pygtk.require('2.0')
import gtk
import time

#--- enter the path to the log file below
f = "/path/to/terminal_log.txt"
#---

output1 = open(f).read().strip()

while True:
    time.sleep(1)
    output2 = open(f).read().strip()
    if output1 != output2:
        tx = output2.replace(output1, "")
        clipboard = gtk.clipboard_get()
        clipboard.set_text(tx)
        clipboard.store()
    output1 = output2

Additional information

command | tee /path/to/terminal_log.txt

Will not copy stderr to the clipboard. To copy both stdout and stderr to the clipboard, use:

command > >(tee /path/to/terminal_log.txt) 2> >(tee /path/to/terminal_log.txt >&2)

as explained here


Need help with making my wifi work on my HP - DV6 - 2155dx

There is a small confusion at the Intel wireless support page, and you may have the wrong driver for your system.
To resolve this, you will need to download the correct driver form Intel, unpack the compressed files, and copy one specific file to a system directory, and then reboot your computer.
First, open a terminal - press CtrlAltt
Now we will make a folder that we can do the work in, and change to that directory.  To do this, enter the following commands.
mkdir wifistuff
cd wifistuff

Now download the correct driver:
wget https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/_media/en/users/drivers/iwlwifi-1000-ucode-39.31.5.1.tgz

And uncompress the files
tar -xvzf iwlwifi-1000-ucode-39.31.5.1.tgz

Handy hit here:  Type tar -xvzf iwl and then press tab
Not change to a directory that was created by the uncompression:
cd iwlwifi-1000-ucode-39.31.5.1

Copy the microcode to the correct system directory.  First, make a backup of the file that is already there.
sudo cp /lib/firmware/iwlwifi-1000-5.ucode{,.bak}
sudo cp iwlwifi-1000-5.ucode /lib/firmware/

Please note that the sudo part of this command will prompt you to enter your password.
Finally
reboot

I have largely cribbed this answer from Intel® Centrino® Wireless-N 1000 - Wifi connection is very slow - how do I configure or fix it?


Since I there was no direct link in the dhcp configurations further research resulted in a static IP config for the server:

[connection]
interface-name=enp0s31f6

[ethernet]
duplex=full
mac-address=90:1B:0E:xx:xx:xx

Having that changed all problems where solved. This finally was the indirect link from netwotk/iface to dhcp server not providing an IP


Dark brightness / gamma with Nvidia drivers

Have you tried 'Nvidia Settings'?  It's in the repositories. Then you can set Gamma and Colors to your liking. even per app, or overall.


How to change the default country in Ubuntu 14.04?

First install the English language packs.

sudo apt-get install language-pack-en language-pack-en-base manpages

You then need to execute nano /etc/default/locale and replace the French lines with:

LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=en_US:en

You can then remove the German langauge pack as thus:

sudo apt-get remove language-pack-de language-pack-de-base manpages-de

Reboot and you should have English as the default.

More info.


Will I find only GNU command line tools in Ubuntu?

There are a few ways of interpreting your question so I'll be explicit in my answers.

Are all command line applications in Ubuntu GNU projects?

Of course not, you can install whatever you like and there are many things that are part of Ubuntu or Debian directly that aren't upstream.

What about the most the command-line applications that ship with Ubuntu?

coreutils makes up a vast swathe of these (and this is a GNU project — it's what the GNU in GNU/Linux represents) but in order to be POSIX compliant, a system needs more than just coreutils.

Just in case you're wondering what coreutils covers, here's its package description:

 This package contains the basic file, shell and text manipulation
 utilities which are expected to exist on every operating system.

 Specifically, this package includes: arch base64 basename cat chcon chgrp
 chmod chown chroot cksum comm cp csplit cut date dd df dir dircolors
 dirname du echo env expand expr factor false flock fmt fold groups head
 hostid id install join link ln logname ls md5sum mkdir mkfifo mknod mktemp
 mv nice nl nohup nproc od paste pathchk pinky pr printenv printf ptx pwd
 readlink rm rmdir runcon sha*sum seq shred sleep sort split stat stty sum
 sync tac tail tee test timeout touch tr true truncate tsort tty uname
 unexpand uniq unlink users vdir wc who whoami yes

So are all POSIX commands GNU?

No. While Ubuntu does use GNU, it relies on a lot of non-GNU projects for its POSIX compliance.

I've covered which commands are POSIX before so with that list, we can quickly generate a list of packages and then grab all the project Homepage URLs from those packages. Even without visiting the URLs you can see that they're not GNU (some are even overtly nonGNU).

$ apt-cache show $(for c in "admin alias ar asa at awk basename batch bc bg break c99 cal cat cd cflow chgrp chmod chown cksum cmp colon comm command compress continue cp crontab csplit ctags cut cxref date dd delta df diff dirname dot du echo ed env eval ex exec exit expand export expr false fc fg file find fold fort77 fuser gencat get getconf getopts grep hash head iconv id ipcrm ipcs jobs join kill lex link ln locale localedef logger logname lp ls m4 mailx make man mesg mkdir mkfifo more mv newgrp nice nl nm nohup od paste patch pathchk pax pr printf prs ps pwd qalter qdel qhold qmove qmsg qrerun qrls qselect qsig qstat qsub read readonly renice return rm rmdel rmdir sact sccs sed set sh shift sleep sort split strings strip stty tabs tail talk tee test time times touch tput tr trap true tsort tty type ulimit umask unalias uname uncompress unexpand unget uniq unlink unset uucp uudecode uuencode uustat uux val vi wait wc what who write xargs yacc zcat"; do dpkg -S $(readlink -f $(which $c)); done | awk -F: '{print $1}' | sort -u) | awk '/Package|Homepage/'

Package: at
Package: bc
Homepage: http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bc/
Package: binutils
Package: bison
Homepage: http://www.gnu.org/software/bison/
Package: bsdmainutils
Package: bsdutils
Homepage: http://userweb.kernel.org/~kzak/util-linux/
Package: coreutils
Homepage: http://gnu.org/software/coreutils
Package: cron
Homepage: http://ftp.isc.org/isc/cron/
Package: cups-client
Homepage: http://www.cups.org
Package: dash
Homepage: http://gondor.apana.org.au/~herbert/dash/
Package: diffutils
Homepage: http://www.gnu.org/software/diffutils/
Package: ed
Homepage: http://www.gnu.org/software/ed/
Package: file
Homepage: http://www.darwinsys.com/file/
Package: findutils
Homepage: http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/findutils/
Package: flex
Homepage: http://flex.sf.net/
Package: gawk
Homepage: http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/
Package: gcc
Package: graphviz
Homepage: http://www.graphviz.org/
Package: grep
Homepage: http://www.gnu.org/software/grep/
Package: gzip
Package: heirloom-mailx
Homepage: http://heirloom.sourceforge.net/mailx.html
Package: libc-bin
Homepage: http://www.eglibc.org
Package: libc-dev-bin
Homepage: http://www.eglibc.org
Package: login
Homepage: http://pkg-shadow.alioth.debian.org/
Package: m4
Homepage: http://www.gnu.org/software/m4/
Package: make
Homepage: http://www.gnu.org/software/make/
Package: man-db
Homepage: http://man-db.nongnu.org/
Package: ncurses-bin
Homepage: http://invisible-island.net/ncurses/
Package: patch
Package: pax
Package: procps
Homepage: http://gitorious.org/procps
Package: psmisc
Homepage: http://psmisc.sf.net/
Package: sed
Homepage: http://www.gnu.org/software/sed/
Package: sharutils
Homepage: http://www.gnu.org/software/sharutils/
Package: sysvinit-utils
Homepage: http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/sysvinit
Package: time
Homepage: http://www.gnu.org/software/time
Package: util-linux
Homepage: http://userweb.kernel.org/~kzak/util-linux/
Package: vim-tiny
Homepage: http://www.vim.org/


Cannot boot into Live CD (12.10), Live USB (14.04), or Boot-Repair USB

I'm not certain, but it seems likely your cd/dvd (optical) drive isn't working.  I recommend you borrow an external USB model from a friend, or even buy one.  They only cost about $16 these days.  I just looked this one up on amazon at that price which I purchased last year.  It works fine.  They can be very handy in service work, and if your internal optical drive has failed, this could save money over the cost of having the internal one replaced.

Personally I run into this problem so often I've made a self-booting boot-repair flashdrive, and I was pleased to find it actually boots faster than it would off of CD.  That could be an alternative for you, if you have access to a pc onto which you can download the ISO image of the boot media you wish to boot to and then use unetbootin to write that image to a usb flash drive.


Deja dup backup to external drive - metadata file not found in backup

Check to ensure that the user the backup service runs as has read permission to the file or read and execute permission to the directory where the file is located.


Literally 50 SH Zombie processes is system monitor

If you're running TomBoy, this can cause a large number of zombie processes.

Close TomBoy and all the zombies will disappear (right-click the Tomboy icon in the lower right notification area if you're using Gnome Shell).


brother ql570 labelprinter driver does not work

this worked for me:

The drivers you get from brother are 32 bit drivers
So you have to provide an 32bit environment (especially the libraries) for them.

First, make sure you have multiarch support enabled on your 16.04 -- normally you shoud get the following:

# dpkg --print-architecture
amd64
# dpkg --print-foreign-architectures
i386

If the i386 Part is missing, have a look an this post:
How to run 32-bit app in Ubuntu 64-bit?

Then install the 32bit libraries:

apt-get install libc6:i386 libncurses5:i386 libstdc++6:i386

Now, the brother printer should work again.


I'm using:
5.3.0-7648-generic #41~1586790036~18.04~600aeb5~dev-Ubuntu SMP Mon Apr 13 17:49:24  x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Night light needs at least a 1 hour time difference if you are using manual settings.  I ran into this problem and thought my machine was broken. (I always use night light mode).  The issue was I had selected times inside a 60 minute difference.
So the simple solution is make sure the manual settings for night light are at least 60 minutes between night mode and day mode:
My settings:
From 05:45 to 04:45
When I set my "to" setting at 04:46, night light shut off.


The system is looking for the amd64-microcode package. This is firmware needed by hardware on your system. Ubuntu does a great job of detecting your hardware and in most cases installing what's needed, but it's not foolproof.

If you have been using the system for 3 weeks and this problem just started, most likely the kernel was recently updated, and the new kernel has to have this package. New kernels are installed by Software Updates. You may not have realized that a new kernel was installed.

It's always possible that a newly installed kernel breaks something. When this happens you can boot from the older kernel until you figure out what you need. In this case, it looks like the system needs you to manually install that package, which is easy.

First try to boot from the older kernel

The boot menu is handled by Grub2. When a new kernel is installed, it makes the new kernel the first choice and hides all older kenrels behind the menu item "Advanced Options for Ubuntu".

If Ubuntu is the only operating system on the computer, you may not see the Grub2 menu by default. To see it, hold down the Shift as the system boots.

When you see the Grub2 menu, use ↓ (the down arrow key) to move down to the advanced options, then hit Enter. You will see one or more boot options with an older kernel. Choose one, and you should boot ok.

Install the package

It can be hard to find technical packages in the Software Center. The easiest way to do it is to use the terminal.

Ctrl+Alt+t will open a terminal. Copy and paste:

sudo apt-get install amd64-microcode

Recovery mode

If for some reason you don't see other kernel options or still can't boot, you should see an option in the Advanced Options choices that ends in (Recovery Mode). Choose this. After it starts to run, you will see a dialog with various recovery choices.

First try Resume. This may allow you to boot without the problem you were having. If this works, install the package from the command line as above. Be sure to reboot afterwards.

If you still can't boot, try again and this time choose Root from the recovery dialog. This will drop you into a command line for root. You will be able to install the package but be careful when working as root. Be sure to reboot afterwards.

chroot

If none of the above work, you may be able to install the package using chroot from the live cd. One use of chroot is change the root environment from the LiveCD to the installed system hard drive you need to target. (This is usually on the hard drive, but could be on a usb or elsewhere.) In short, you are using the Live medium to boot a broken system that won't otherwise boot. This is a little more complicated but is not hard.

1) Boot from the LiveCD/USB you used to install Ubuntu (or at least make sure the live medium and the installed system have the same architecture - both 32-bit or both 64-bit). Use Try Ubuntu.

2) Open the terminal.

3) Mount your Ubuntu root partition: sudo mount /dev/sdXY /mnt

X is partition letter and Y is the partition number.

If you followed a standard "Replace Windows", I believe you will have /dev/sda1 as your root partition.

If you are not sure, the following commands may help you figure it out.

sudo fdisk -l
sudo blkid

If you are realy stuck on this part, you may need to ask for more help.

Let's assume root is on /dev/sda1

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

4) You then need to mount various parts of the filesystem. The Ubuntu Community page for resintalling GRub2, has a nice single command to handle this.

for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i; done

5) Chroot into the installed system with

sudo chroot /mnt

6) Install the package.

apt-get install amd64-microcode

You will be at a root prompt, so you won't need sudo. As always, be careful and reboot as soon as you are finished installing.


What's the difference between + and = when using chmod?

Since you're specifying all the read, write and execute bits, there's no difference.

The difference comes if you only specify some of the bits:

$ umask 022
$ touch afile ; ls -l afile
-rw-r--r-- 1 jackman jackman 0 Aug 21 11:23 afile
$ chmod u+x afile; ls -l afile
-rwxr--r-- 1 jackman jackman 0 Aug 21 11:23 afile*
$ chmod u=x afile; ls -l afile
---xr--r-- 1 jackman jackman 0 Aug 21 11:23 afile*


Canonical support for linux-headers package

To address your main question directly, yes, a later version in that release should remain supported. Now, for a bit of background, support for displaying the information to which you refer was added in:

synaptic (0.63ubuntu3) lucid; urgency=low
[..]
  * debian/patches/10_ubuntu_maintenance_gui.dpatch:
    - updated to support LTS and new "Supported" flags

 -- Michael Vogt <michael.vogt@ubuntu.com>  Mon, 25 Jan 2010 09:58:35 +0100

This seems to be a server override issue instead of a Synaptic issue.

Let's look at the override information for linux-headers-2.6.32-21-generic and linux-headers-2.6.32-24-generic at http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/indices/override.lucid-proposed.extra.main.

The former is:

linux-headers-2.6.32-21-generic/amd64   Supported   5y

and the latter is:

linux-headers-2.6.32-24-generic/amd64   Supported   18m

For what it's worth, this inconsistency is resolved for subsequent Ubuntu releases.


byobu, ssh and an accidently closed fluxbox

Author and maintainer of Byobu here :-)

There are several ways to have Byobu launch automatically at boot...

As the system administrator, you can set Byobu to launch automatically for all users by enabling that at the package level:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure byobu

Each local, non-administrator user on the system can override that system-wide setting above, by running:

byobu-enable

or

byobu-disable

And finally, anyone can export an environment variable locally on the system where they SSH from.  This variable will be passed over the SSH connection and if Byobu is running on the remote system, it will detect that and launch automatically if set.  To enable launching of Byobu by default when SSH'ing to another system simply:

echo "export LC_BYOBU=1" >> ~/.bashrc


Unlike modifiers such as Alt and Ctrl, pressing the Fn key is never communicated to the operating system. The key merely modifies the scancodes of other keys, so pressing Fn+Right would emulate an End key, even though it may not physically exist, but they are indistinguishable by the OS. This behaviour is controlled exclusively by the keyboard electronics and can therefore not be altered without messing with the circuitry or microcontroller.

you could assign the f1 key as a shortcut to the required control that FN+F1 usually gives you, but you would lose your help key as a result

As far as the special keys are concerned, you would have to confirm what type of keyboard, the OS is seeing yours as.  It may be an international with extended keys so that the OS sees the extra keys. What model of viao are you using?


If there is important data on your secondary hdd then I would take caution.

The [likely] reason for Ubuntu not seeing your additional hard disk is because it is not getting mounted, and/or because it has a filesystem of ntfs.

In your terminal you can list all disks with fdisk:

sudo fdisk -l

Once you locate the partition in question, you might be able to mount it:

(Assuming the ntfs partition you found is sdb2)

sudo mkdir /mnt/foo
sudo mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sdb2 /mnt/foo


Does Ubuntu Support CDMA/LTE on the Sprint Galaxy Nexus

Not yet, hopefully in the near future.  See info from release notes here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/ReleaseNotes#Telephony

Also, from: http://www.xda-developers.com/android/ubuntu-touch-next-generation-os-or-just-another-skin/

"Fear Not Sprint and Verizon users, it is being worked on. The Ubuntu Team said that the GSM Radio is the global standard and this was simply where they focused most of their attention as all of the developers had GSM devices. "


My program cannot run with "command not found" error

Since you're running an executable in the current working directory, you should prefix it with ./. So for your program run it as ./a.out.

Explanation

The terminal searches for executables in $PATH. This is a Unix environment variable that lists directories containing system binaries (such as ls, echo, or gcc). If you call an executable that's not in a $PATH directory (such as a.out), you need to indicate its absolute path in the file system.

In the terminal . is a synonym for the current working directory, thus ./a.out. You could equally well call /home/yihang/Documents/a.out.


Unable to add any indicator to panel in Ubuntu 14.04

The hard way

Since you do not know what you have changed, you can reset the entries.

gsettings list-schemas | grep -i desktop.unity | xargs gsettings reset-recursively
gsettings list-schemas | grep -i com.canonical.Unity | xargs gsettings reset-recursively


ejabberd won't look at my host_config option

I managed to resolve the problem. It turns out that ejabberd missed a file during installation.


From fix/workaround found in this thread.

For 11.04 and older just run:

gconftool-2 --type bool --set /apps/gnome-power-manager/general/use_time_for_policy false

For 11.10 run:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power 'use-time-for-policy' 'false'

This worked for me. It doesn't fix my underlying issue, but it keeps my laptop from continuously suspending.


Downloading Files from Digital Ocean Droplet using Linux Terminal- SSH access

By default the open-sshserver comes with enabled SFTP feature, so you can use it as it is described here: Filezilla or WinSCP alternative for Ubuntu.

For single file or directory (also with recursion) either scp or rsync are appropriate. For better performance I would use rsync in a way as this:

rsync -av user@host:/remote/path/to/<file or directory> /local/path/<to be placed>

In the topic mentioned above, I'm describing also how to setup and use the ~/.ssh/config file. Because you are new to linux, if you are not familiar with that, IMO, this part will be useful for you.


You are using the -x option, so I'm going to guess /home is on a separate partition. From man rsync:

-x, --one-file-system       don't cross filesystem boundaries


List all packages at a deb-src using apt-get?

To search for packages from the command line, you can use:

apt-cache search -n pattern

to search only package names, or omit the -n switch to search descriptions as well. This will search all of the archives you have listed in your /etc/apt/sources.list, and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ directory, assuming:

sudo apt-get update

has been run first. This includes standard Ubuntu repositories such as main, universe, multiverse, and any PPA or external repositories listed. It also supports POSIX regex patterns (see the regex(7) manpage), so you can do interesting things like:

apt-cache search -n '^python-.{3}$'

to search for only packages that have the form python-ABC for any characters ABC.

To check the installed status from the command line, as well as which repository the package originates from, you can use:

apt-cache policy package-name


How do I update my own application in the software center?

Definitely. If you are an app author who has submitted an application to the Software Centre through the My Apps web interface on the Ubuntu App Developer Site, you can distribute updates following this easy process:

Updating your app in the Software Centre


What is the advantage of a signed kernel?

It is a security thing but there is no performance benefit for your system.

New hardware will have secure boot. The problem is, that this hardware won't boot an OS that is not signed. The hardware is checking the software at startup to see if it is signed. If it isn't, the hardware will prevent the software from booting.

This is a security thing, because in theory it will prevent e.g. malware to start on your hardware.

There was a lot of discussion about this feature because an open source OS must get signed to run on future computers and that must be paid. And this is not the Open Source way.

This is a short explanation, but there is a lot of stuff on the web about it.


Is it safe to use Ubuntu for personal use?

"Putting personal files on Ubuntu" is just as safe as putting them on Windows as far as security is concerned, and has little to do with antivirus or choice of operating system. Your behavior and habits have to be secure first and you have to know what you're dealing with.  At the basic level that means don't install software you don't trust or know about, don't open shady attachments in emails, and avoid visiting weird websites. Of course, in the age of networking you have to trust the network to which you're connected. All this has no relation to antivirus nor operating system - these concepts are exactly the same for both Windows and Ubuntu. Additionally, malware developers nowadays target browsers and try to make malware cross-platform. If you are going to be sharing files with Windows users, you may be safe from Windows specific malware, but they are still vulnerable, hence there are antivirus software available on Ubuntu. Note, that there also exists malware for Linux but there's not a lot of it. More common issues are vulnerabilities in particular software that would let an attacker gain admin privilege and you as regular user have not much in way of working around that except keeping your software updated to get newest fixes.

There's more to putting files on Ubuntu. First thing that computer security professionals ask is "what's your threat model?" In other words, who are you ?  Are you an average user ? Are you a person of interest to professional hackers ? Are you of interest to law enforcement or government agencies ?  Putting files on Ubuntu for average users is fine.  For someone of interest to particular groups to whom your files and information may be valuable - well, generally solution there is to encrypt the drive and files - or at very least password-protect files or store them in zipped archives with password.

What about the software ? Are you going to be using software that only works on Windows ?  Consider the possibility that such files won't open and there may not be alternative software for Linux/Ubuntu although nowadays.

In short, yes, it's safe to put files on Ubuntu and it's OK to have antivirus installed. These aren't the issues of concern as real security comes from preventing and minimizing possibility of getting malware or intrusion into your system in the first place, rather than having antivirus deal with it when it's already there and may have already done enough damage.


Failed to start Raise network interfaces after upgrading to 16.04

Reason
The problem was caused by Predictable-Network-Interface-Names from systemd/udev.
Possible solution
According to this source you can either:

You disable the assignment of fixed names, so that the unpredictable kernel names are used again. For this, simply mask udev's rule file for the default policy: ln -s /dev/null /etc/udev/rules.d/80-net-setup-link.rules
You create your own manual naming scheme, for example by naming your interfaces "internet0", "dmz0" or "lan0". For that create your own .link files in /etc/systemd/network/, that choose an explicit name or a better naming scheme for one, some, or all of your interfaces. See systemd.link(5) for more information.
You pass the net.ifnames=0 on the kernel command line

Applied solutions
I did create a new file 10-rename-network.rules in /etc/udev/rules.d/ and added the following content to it:
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTR{address}=="ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff", NAME="eth0"

where

eth0 = desired network interface name, used in /etc/network/interfaces
ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff = hardware mac address of the network device

I'd recommend rebooting after completing this to make sure the change is sticky.


Closing the lid isn't toggeling standby anymore after update in Lubuntu. How can I fix that?

Right click on the battery icon on the taskbar.
Select 'Preferences' from the resulting menu (which should bring up the XFCE4 Power Manager Preferences).
Set the desired action to perform when the laptop lid is closed ('suspend' = 'standby' I think). Make sure you set the desired action for both 'On AC' and 'On Battery'.

NOTE: If you don't have a battery icon on the taskbar you can access the 'XFCE4 Power Manager Preferences' from Menu --> Preferences --> Power Manager

If you do not have a 'Power Manager' entry under the 'Preferences' menu, follow amjjawad's excellent advice from this thread over on ubuntuforums.org.

In a terminal type:

sudo leafpad /usr/share/applications/xfce4-power-manager-settings.desktop

Replace this line:

OnlyShowIn=XFCE;

With (add a # before the line):

#OnlyShowIn=XFCE;

Save the file and 'Power Manager' should now be in Menu --> Preferences.


Disable differences in login handling (non-interactive, interactive etc.)

Your issue is gnome-terminal not using --login for bash by default:
https://rvm.io/integration/gnome-terminal/

For scripting with RVM choose one of the methods described here: https://rvm.io/integration/cron/

There is more information on user rc files here:
https://rvm.io/support/faq/#shell_login


Why are newer firefox versions so bloated? (30MB --> 150MB)

I second what others said in the comments, that 150 MB memory usage is typical for a graphical multitab browser. But if you are curious I advise you to browse to the about:memory page in Firefox, all the answers will be there. :)


/root/sys failed, netbook won't boot up properly

If you are not an expert, then finding and fixing the problem may be really, really difficult (but not impossible, of course).

Reinstalling Ubuntu is surely a solution, and I would recommend it, but note that you will lose your data. If you care about your data, you can backup it using a Live CD and an external hard drive.
Also remember, when reinstalling, to replace the existing Ubuntu installation, and not to install it side by side.


settingup juju in aws cloud, we are getting away from Maas

Have a look here and review the process  https://docs.jujucharms.com/aws-cloud

I think this page will allow you to use JUJU with AWS.


Ubuntu 16.04.1 (Xenial Xerus) LTS upgrade

A fresh new install is better and safer than an upgrade.


If you use NetworkManager to configure your wifi connections look in /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections

There should be files in there for all your configured network connections.


Trying to install Popcorn Time 3.10 on Ubuntu 16.04, but getting an error

Try this. Fix permissions on files:

cd /opt/Popcorn (or wherever it is)
chmod -R 555 * (755 if not ok)
chown -R root:root *

“sudo su” to get permissions on your filesystem.


After downloading a program file from the internet how do you install it?

Try using google-chrome. It comes with Flash 11.8.800.* Flash support voor linux is till 11.2. I hope this will work for you.

To install Google Chrome go to: https://www.google.com/intl/nl/chrome/browser/ press the download button and download the .deb file either the 32 bit or 64 bit depending on your system. After you downloaded it dubble click on it. The installation will begin(If i'm right the software center will open and install it). After it's done go to your dash and search for Google Chrome. Launch it and test if your problem if fixed.


Should I create the Reserved BIOS boot area partition?

Your problem is trying to install Ubuntu in legacy mode, instead of UEFI mode like Windows.  Then you will be installing grub-efi, instead of grub-pc, and you will not need a 1M partition flagged with the grub-bios flag (needed bacause gpt partitioned disks do not have the room right after the Master Boot Block to store grub's core.img executable.  Secure boot shouold not need to be turned off, unless your machine has specific problems, but if you can boot Windows with it off, it should make no difference either way.


Using optirun makes Acer Aspire 5755G laptop overheat

Add this ppa (if you don't have it already) to your system and update, reboot.


No E-Mail Notification Thunderbird in Dock

In Thunderbird General preferences, check the following setting...

If you're using the Dash to Dock GNOME extension, the email message counter won't display, and this setting should be set to off.


Either use git clone -b ubuntu, or run git checkout ubuntu after cloning.

However, I've just set that repository's default branch to ubuntu in Launchpad, so git clone https://git.launchpad.net/~phablet-team/avila/+git/kernel-3.10 etc. should work now without needing to manually choose a branch.


Is there a collection of designed CD/DVD labels, Wallpapers, or similar Ubuntu related artwork?

Try the DIY Marketing page.  The page contains downloadable resources to create your own Ubuntu marketing and conference material.DIYMarketing


Is there a power saving way to download torrents?

This is possible with Deluge:

Firstly  go to tty1 by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F1and run sudo killall Xorg

Run this:
sudo apt get install deluge-console deluged

Use this command to connect with deluge

deluged&&deluge-console
use resume * to resume all downloads and halt to pause them

Use the following commands to control the other parts of Deluge

add Add a torrent
config Show and set configuration values
connect Connect to a new deluge server.
debug Enable and disable debugging
del Remove a torrent
exit Exit from the client.
halt Shutdown the deluge server.
help displays help on other commands
info Show information about the torrents
pause Pause a torrent
quit Exit from the client.
resume Resume a torrent
rm Remove a torrent

source: http://forum.deluge-torrent.org/viewtopic.php?f=10&t=19115


Canon printer Unable to write print data - Broken pipe

Broken pipe is from CUPS. Step 2 indicates you are using the URI socket://192.168.7.11:9100. This is OK, as a socket URI is generally very reliable. Do a quick check of the connection with telnet 192.168.7.11 9100.
In addition to a URI a PPD is needed. lpinfo -m | grep -i 7200C should allow you to find one. What I would then do is set up a print queue with sudo lpadmon -p 7200c -v "URI" -E -m "PPD", substituting for URI and PPD of course.
Test with lp -d 7200c /etc/nsswitch.conf.
Another URI (probably dnssd://...) should be obtainable from lpinfo -v. It coul be tried in place of socket://... .


Enable hibernate in Ubuntu 13.04 - editing hibernate.pkla doesn't work

If you have not already found it, download and install dconf Editor from the Ubuntu Software Center

Start the programme
Click Ctrl + F to activate the search facility
Type in Hibernate and click the Next button
Make sure that the value for Hibernate is set to Hibernate, not inactive.

You're done.


What is the rationale for the `/usr` directory?

There are the short version and the long version of your answer...
History
Short version:
As your link already said, /usr is a place for system-wide, read-only files. So all your installed software goes there. It does not duplicate any names of / except /bin and /lib, but originally with a different purpose: /bin and /lib are only for binaries and libraries required for booting, while /usr/bin and /usr/lib are for all the other executables and libraries. (now please don't ask about /sbin, this is the Short Version after all)
Nowadays, the distinction between required and not required for booting has diminished, since most modern distros, including Ubuntu, cannot properly boot without several files from /usr. And that's why there was a strong movement towards merging /usr/bin and /bin. Starting from Ubuntu 19.04 /bin, /lib (and /sbin) are just symlinks to their /usr counterparts, and since Ubuntu 20.04 they don't even exist anymore.
But maybe you are confusing /usr and /usr/local? Because yes, there is (and should be) a lot of duplicated directory names. More on that later...
Long version:
Back in the 70's, in Unix (yes, Unix, way before Linux), disks had little space (no hard drives yet!), and at a given point the system binaries grew too much in number and size to a point they would not fit a single disk, and developers had to split them across several media and thus create new mount points for them. /bin filesystem was full, so they installed the new binaries at... /usr/bin. And /usr was, at that time, their... user directory!
After this split happened, which is almost embarrassing and often told as a joke/lore, they started to create artificial justifications and criteria to decide what would go to /bin and what would go to /usr/bin. The informal rule was: "essential" stuff go to /bin, "the rest" goes to /usr/bin. Same with /lib. It was not long before /usr became crowded with system-related directories mixed with actual users' homes. Thus /home was born, to hold all user-related directories and keep /usr clean for "system stuff" only.
This was long before the FHS exist. When it was created, it embraced and formalized that current tradition and kept the name /usr, although at that time it already had nothing to do with "user" anymore. So yes, fancy names like "UNIX Source Repository" or "UNIX System Resources" are all made-up names, and it's too late to rename it anyway. But, as we've seen it, not too late to toss /bin, /lib and /sbin into it. So /usr is now the main "system" directory.
"Ok, what about /usr/sbin?", you ask. Damn, I was hoping you had forgotten. Ok... /usr/sbin is for commands that can only be (or are only meaningful when) executed by the root user, like mount and fdisk.
"But isn't that almost the same as /bin?". Yes, sure, but...
"Wait, then why there is an /sbin too? That doesn't make any sense!". Well, that's because of... err... humm... hold on...
Look, a 3-headed monkey behind you!
Ok, hopefully, you got distracted enough. Moving on...
If you think I'm cheating, yes, I am indeed. But so is the "official" answer: "Essential commands that can only be executed by root and must be available before you even mount /." What? Come on! Truth is: the line is indeed blurry, and there are lots of legacy names and paths that just "stuck" and now it is quite hard to get rid of.
More on the Case for the /usr merge, from systemd docs:

The historical justification for a /bin, /sbin and /lib separate from /usr no longer applies today. They were split off to have selected tools on a faster hard disk (which was small, because it was more expensive) and to contain all the tools necessary to mount the slower /usr partition. Today, a separate /usr partition already must be mounted by the initramfs during early boot, thus making the justification for a split-off moot. In addition, a lot of tools in /bin and /sbin in the status quo already lost the ability to run without a pre-mounted /usr. There is no valid reason anymore to have the operating system spread over multiple hierarchies, it lost its purpose.

And an amazing reading about the /usr split and its rationale, by Rob Landley:
Understanding the bin, sbin, usr/bin , usr/sbin split

Nowadays
Currently, regarding install directories, your the best way to understand is to think this way:

/usr - all system-wide, read-only files installed by (or provided by) the OS

/usr/local - system-wide, read-only files installed by the local administrator (usually, you). And that's why most directory names from /usr are duplicated here.

/opt - an atrocity meant for system-wide, read-only and self-contained software. That is, software that does not split their files over bin, lib, share, include like well-behaved software should.

~/.local - the per-user counterpart of /usr/local, that is: software installed by (and for) each user. Like /usr, it has its own ~/.local/share, ~/.local/bin, ~/.local/lib.

~/.local/opt - the per-user counterpart of /opt

So where to install software?
The above list is already half the answer of you Oracle JDK question, at least it gives several clues. The checklist to "Where should I install software X?" goes by:

Is it a completely self-contained, single directory software, like Eclipse IDE and other downloaded java apps, and you want it to be available to all users? Then install in /opt

Same as above, but you don't care about other users and I want to install for your user alone? Then install in ~/.local/opt

Its files split over multiple dirs, like bin and share, like traditional software compiled and installed with ./configure && make && sudo make install, and should be available to all users? Then install in /usr/local

Same as above, but for your user only? Then install in ~/.local

Software installed by the OS, or via package managers (like Software Center), and, most importantly, which any local modification might be overwritten when update manager upgrades it to a new version? It goes to /usr

Notes:

This explains why default install prefix for compiled software is /usr/local, and why you should change it to ./configure --prefix=$HOME/.local when installing software for your own user only

You may have noticed that all above directories are read-only (except, of course, when you install/remove software). The writable files (like config files) usually go to /etc (for system-wide software) and ~/.config (for per-user settings). Although many legacy software (and, unfortunately, some modern too) still use ~/.<software-name>, cluttering your home folder root with dozens of hidden dirs and files.

~/.local and ~/.config are not part of the FHS specification. FHS does not deal with user's home folder. They are an attempt of Freedesktop/XDG, another standard organization geared towards Desktop Environments (like Gnome, KDE, and Unity), to try to set some conventions regarding the structure of the user's home. Not all software adheres to it (for example, distros have only recently included ~/.local/bin in user's default  $PATH, and only if it exists), and no user is forced to follow it, but both gain many interoperability benefits if they do.

I hope this helps to clarify things a bit. Feel free to ask anything so I can improve the answer!
(and I also hope purists don't kill me for such an extremely informal language and explanation. It was intentional, and it surely has many inaccuracies, but I do believe it's a good way to make a newcomer have a brief overview understanding about install directories rationales)


Differences between " & disown" and "nohup  & disown"

Your understanding is basically correct. Both disown and nohup are used to allow you to exit a running shell session without stopping running jobs. Some clarifications:

There's no reason to run nohup command & disown, nohup will already disown it for you.
nohup is defined by POSIX while disown is not. This means that while many shells (e.g. bash, zsh, ksh) have it, others (for example tcsh, csh, dash and sh) won't have it.
disown can be used after a command has been launched while nohup must be used before.

As far as I can tell, the actual effect of the two commands is the same. They each have features that the other lacks (see help disown and man nohup) but their basic function is the same, yes.

For a far more detailed discussion of these tools and the differences between them, have a look at the answers here:

Do disown -h and nohup work effectively the same?
Difference between nohup, disown and &


Why is my Bluetooth headset not working now?

I had the same problem and for several months I have tried all possible solutions I could find to no avail,... until today!

I found the solution in post #17 in the following https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1526534#p1526534 (tnx SimFox3)

What I did:

First copy the files I edited

sudo cp /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf_tmp
sudo cp /etc/pulse/default.pa /etc/pulse/default.pa_tmp
sudo cp /usr/bin/start-pulseaudio-x11 /usr/bin/start-pulseaudio-x11_tmp

Edit /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf

sudo nano /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf

This is in my audio.conf

# Configuration file for the audio service
# This section contains options which are not specific to any
# particular interface
[General]
Enable=Gateway,Source

# Switch to master role for incoming connections (defaults to true)
Master=true

# If we want to disable support for specific services
# Defaults to supporting all implemented services
#Disable=Gateway,Source,Socket
Disable=Socket

# SCO routing. Either PCM or HCI (in which case audio is routed to/from ALSA)
# Defaults to HCI
#SCORouting=HCI

# Automatically connect both A2DP and HFP/HSP profiles for incoming
# connections. Some headsets that support both profiles will only connect the
# other one automatically so the default setting of true is usually a good
# idea.
AutoConnect=true

# Headset interface specific options (i.e. options which affect how the audio
# service interacts with remote headset devices)
[Headset]

# Set to true to support HFP, false means only HSP is supported
# Defaults to true
HFP=true

# Maximum number of connected HSP/HFP devices per adapter. Defaults to 1
MaxConnected=2

# Set to true to enable use of fast connectable mode (faster page scanning)
# for HFP when incoming call starts. Default settings are restored after
# call is answered or rejected. Page scan interval is much shorter and page
# scan type changed to interlaced. Such allows faster connection initiated
# by a headset.
FastConnectable=true

# Just an example of potential config options for the other interfaces
#[A2DP]
#SBCSources=1
#MPEG12Sources=0

Edit /etc/pulse/default.pa

sudo nano /etc/pulse/default.pa

comment out (with an # at the beginning of the line) the following line
    #load-module module-bluetooth-discover

now edit /usr/bin/start-pulseaudio-x11

sudo nano /usr/bin/start-pulseaudio-x11

and after the lines

if [ x”$SESSION_MANAGER” != x ] ; then
        /usr/bin/pactl load-module module-x11-xsmp “display=$DISPLAY session_manager=$SESSION_MANAGER” > /dev/null
fi

add the following

/usr/bin/pactl load-module module-bluetooth-discover

Restarted and I was finally able tot switch to A2DP

Hope it works for you too.


Acer PC won't boot from CDRom after installing ubuntu

Yes, "Boot From CD-ROM" is a choice your computer makes in BIOS, so you'l have to hit F2 or F12 when rebooting and find the Boot Order setting. Not a Ubuntu problem.


You need to execute the script with python3

~$ python Test.py
thefourtheye
#####
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Test.py", line 5, in <module>
    inputtedStr = input()
  File "<string>", line 1
    #####
        ^
SyntaxError: unexpected EOF while parsing

~$ python --version
Python 2.7.4

~$ python3 --version
Python 3.3.1

~$ python3 Test.py
WELCOME
thefourtheye
###
####
#####

Original List:  ['WELCOME', 'thefourtheye', '###', '####']

NO Duplicates:  ['WELCOME', 'thefourtheye', '###', '####']

or

As suggested by @MiJyn in the comments,

just edit your file and include the following line as the first line

#!/usr/bin/env python3

chmod 755 <filename>.py
./<filename>.py


Rotate all images in a directory that are of a specific geometry

Something like the following should serve your needs:

for i in *.jpg
do
if [ $(identify -format "%[fx:w]x%[fx:h]\n" "$i") = 1920x1080 ]
then
convert "$i" -rotate 90 "${i%.jpg}_rotated.jpg"
fi
done

Simply alter the 1920x1080 setting for your desired size and then copy and paste the whole snippet into a Terminal window in the directory containing your image files...

Explanation of the syntax...

First there is the structure:

The basis for this code snippet is the for loop which finds all jpg files in a certain directory:

for i in *.jpg
do
<Insert command here....>
done

But some exclusions have to be made before a command is run and for this we nest a conditional statement using if...
The second structure is an if statement which importantly contains the test for the required jpg size:

if <Insert test here...>
then
<Insert command here...>
fi

Next the for loop and the if statement are nested, and added to the mix is:

The appropriate test, which searches for jpgs that are of a required size:

[ $(identify -format "%[fx:w]x%[fx:h]\n" "$i") = 1920x1080 ]

The appropriate command, which rotates these jpg files by 90 degrees:

convert "$i" -rotate 90 "${i%.jpg}_rotated.jpg"

And then the Bash magic works :)


Unable to install .deb applications with ubuntu software

you can install any deb package by

sudo dpkg -i DEB_PACKAGE ,

if there is dependency problem you can solve it

sudo apt-get -f install

you can remove a package by

sudo dpkg -r PACKAGE_NAME


How do I fix broken packages hindering updates in Ubuntu 16.04?

Reboot your system and stop while booting into OS and choose your in this way: depackaging option depckg and this leads to update your broken packages.

just restart your system and start pressing Alt+F4(may be vary from os to os).


Installing a theme for rEFInd and finding rEFInd file MAC

From OSX, do the following

Start by mounting your EFI partition.

sudo mount -t msdos /dev/disk0s1 /Volumes

Then cd to the rEFInd directory on that partition
cd /Volumes/EFI/rEFInd

Download the theme with Git

git clone https://github.com/EvanPurkhiser/rEFInd-minimal

Now add the theme info to refind.conf

echo "include rEFInd-minimal/theme.conf" >> refind.conf

Reboot with sudo reboot


Sounds like an Optimus system. Ubuntu currently doesn't support switching between graphics cards.

But there are workarounds. You're probably going to want to look at the Ironhide project. It's an extension of an earlier project that uses your Intel graphics for most thing and then uses offscreen rendering (via virtualgl on your nvidia card) for the hardcore 3D.

It's certainly an interesting idea and as far as I know, there currently isn't a better solution.


How to move Only the files in current folder to a sub folder?

If you want to move everything except directories from $SOURCE_DIR to $TARGET_DIR, you can use this command:

find "$SOURCE_DIR" -maxdepth 1 -not -type d -exec mv -t "$TARGET_DIR" -- '{}' +

Explained in detail:

find: The find search for files in a directory
$SOURCE_DIR: The directory to search in
-maxdepth 1: Do not look inside subdirectories
-not -type d: Ignore directories

You could also use -type f if you only want to copy things that are strictly files, but I prefer the above because it also catches everything that's neither a file nor a directory (in particular symbolic links)

-exec mv -t "$TARGET_DIR" -- '{}' +: Run the command mv -t "$TARGET_DIR" -- FILES... where FILES... are all the matching files (thanks @DavidFoerster)


Looks as if there's problem in the underlying electron app: Every electron based app is affected atm.

So i suggest to wait for an updated slack app and use the web interface in the meanwhile.


Open the file /etc/updatedb.conf and check if the excluded path is listed in the PRUNEPATHS or the excluded path is using one of the filesystems enumerated in PRUNEFS.

If so, modify the conf file, and run again the sudo updatedb command.

(If you have encrypted your home directory while installing, then remove from the config the encryptfs entries.)


You could try to download firmware from this GitHub repository and place it in corresponding folder:

sudo wget https://github.com/ulli-kroll/rtl8814au/blob/master/firmware/rtl8814aufw.bin?raw=true \
-O /lib/firmware/rtlwifi/rtl8814aufw.bin

And reconnect your Alfa.


How do I prevent one of my partitions messing with Lubuntu Grub entries?

Do not know Bodhi, but with Ubuntu.

To see what drive grub2 uses see this line   - grub-pc/install_devices:

sudo debconf-show grub-pc
sudo grub-probe -t device /boot/grub

to get grub2 to remember where to reinstall on updates:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure grub-pc

Enter thru first pages,spacebar to choose/unchoose drive, enter to accept, do not choose partitions
If Bodhi works the same, do it first and unchoose everything. Then it will not reinstall.
Boot into Lubuntu and run it to make Lubuntu install to sda and be the system to boot by default.


Is there a way I can get five9 java based dailer to work with ubuntu?

You will have to use Oracle Java for Linux in order to make Five9 work. Free open-source alternative Java will not work (including IcedTea). There is a process described generally here: https://linux4one.com/how-to-install-java-on-linux-mint-19/
I can get it to work in PSTN and Gateway mode, but I have yet to figure out how to get the Softphone mode to work. But I'm still working on it. By the way, I think you mean VCC. Not CVV. Hope this helps you SYNQ up through Linux ;-)


12.04 Stability, Compatibility and Operational Problems

You can report bugs to Launchpad, but are these really bugs? Please can you tell us if you are new to Ubuntu, and then we can guide you further. From what you have said I would suggest you try to install the previous version of Ubuntu, 11.10, which is very stable indeed. But don't give up!

Update 8th May: I think everyone here will sympathise with you and your problems, but in defence of Ubuntu and the great bunch of guys working FREE to bring it to us, Ubuntu 12.04 is still a little guy, and so it is best not to jump the gun; as with the previous versions of Ubuntu, the team will try to iron out problems. I would strongly suggest that you go back to version 11.10 for a few months, and then upgrade when things have settled down more. Please don't desert Ubuntu, please support it for what it is.


WINE Not visible, yet when I try to install it says already installed

You want to run winetricks.

It will allow you to start and install Windows Software.

Once you've installed Windows software using winetricks, the installed software should turn up in the application menus automatically.

Winetricks can in addition be used to configure various aspects of wine.

To run winetricks interactively from a terminal use:

winetricks --gui


Ubuntu 16.04 "A problem occurred when checking for the updates"

To alternate between python 3.X version just run:

sudo update-alternatives --config python3

To restore software updates just type the number of python 3.5.


How do I control when bash auto-completion shows a paged list of completions?

The reason turned out to be very simple: If the terminal is sufficiently large, auto-completion can show all alternatives above the prompt (on two columns), but if it is too small, it uses more. So, the trick is to use sufficiently large terminals.

For some reason, I had not encountered this in my previous installations, maybe due to larger terminals/smaller font. With less, everything worked well, because there were fewer alternatives and they fitted the terminal.


Ubuntu 12.10 indicator-sound shows as mute (three hyphens

Answer created by @maramyfriend in a comment:

  Thanks Lucio, I found the problem this morning, it has to do with me moving my home to a second HDD formatted as NTFS. Ubuntu changed ownership of that to root and will not let me change it to me (gksudo nautilus or sudo chown -R paul /home/paul


What is the difference between versions from a development perspective?

Different Ubuntu versions come with different library versions and different versions of system services. Application software needs to link with this libraries and this linking is version specific. So you need differently linked versions of the same application for different versions of libraries / Ubuntu.


Ubuntu 20.04 ImportError: No module named gtk.glade

The python-gtk2 with python-glade2 may be installed manually using packages from 18.04 LTS by the commands below:
cd ~/Downloads
wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/p/pygtk/python-gtk2_2.24.0-5.1ubuntu2_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./python-gtk2_2.24.0-5.1ubuntu2_amd64.deb

wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/p/pygtk/python-glade2_2.24.0-5.1ubuntu2_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./python-glade2_2.24.0-5.1ubuntu2_amd64.deb


How can I limit battery charging to 60% capacity?

AFAIK there's no software triggered hardware switch to turn off power after reaching certain point in general purpose laptops or notebooks.

However, you may run a background script that can inform/alert you when you reach a desired battery level percentage.

Refer this link for knowing how to listen to Battery Levels:

How to write a script to "listen" to battery status and alert me when it's above 60% or below 40%?

It still won't be automated though.


Apps for home schooling, times table help etc

gcompris is an educational suite. Has lots of games and activities for typing, memory, pictures etc for children 2 to 10 years

For games supertuxkart is one of the best racing game for linux similar to super mario kart on other platforms. Another game similar to a super mario is supertux. assultcube is a first person shooter game with good fps.
gbrainy is a brain teaser game.

anki is a flashcard app for memorizing stuff. gperiodic and gchemtable are periodic table for chemistry. bkem for drawing chemical structures. lybniz helps you plot graphs for your basic maths.tuxtype and ktouch teach the kids to touch-type. gcu-bin provide most chemistry tools you might need. Do conversions with convertall.

oneko is a cat running on your screen following your mouse.

And many more

Install all this apps and games with:

sudo apt install gcompris supertuxkart supertux assaultcube gbrainy
sudo apt install anki bkem gperiodic tuxtype ktouch gcu-bin


SSH returns: no matching host key type found. Their offer: ssh-dss

The version of OpenSSH included in 16.04 disables ssh-dss. There's a neat page with legacy information that includes this issue: http://www.openssh.com/legacy.html

In a nutshell, you should add the option -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss to the SSH command:

ssh -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss root@192.168.8.109

You can also add a host pattern in your ~/.ssh/config so you don't have to specify the key algorithm every time:

Host nas
  HostName 192.168.8.109
  HostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss

This has the added benefit that you don't need to type out the IP address. Instead, ssh will recognize the host nas and know where to connect to. Of course you can use any other name in its stead.


bad md5sum error when trying to customize ubuntu-keyring-udeb

I ran across the same issue when using the same instructions.  In my case I was directly following the community documentation using an LTS version of Precise Pangolin and ended up downloading the most up-to-date version of the ubuntu-keyring source.  I noticed when copying keys the ones I created were 2011.11.21.1.

I moved back a version by using

apt-get source ubuntu-keyring=2011.11.21

After this everything seemed to work closer to as described.  This post pointed me in the right direction.


I'm not sure the suggested duplicate quite applies at the moment. Fact is you don't need to set up virtualenv environments or follow best practices to get up off the ground and personally, I think trying to do so will scare you off Python, which is a beautiful language and a very powerful community of tools.
To get a brief glimpse at Python, you can just run python in a terminal and you're dumped into a live python environment. You can play around with code examples to your heart's content.
For bigger things (or when you get fed up of the interactive python console's limitations) you can write Python scripts very easily. Write a file in Python syntax, and then just run python filename and it'll run. Simples.
If you really want to learn Python, I seriously recommend two things:

http://learnpythonthehardway.org/book/ - It sounds tough but it's not. The setup section for Linux has a really practical way of getting gedit up to speed too, so don't miss that out.

The O'Reilly Python Pocket Reference - This probably only applies if you have experience with other programming languages. I was forever trying to work out how dicts and tuples differed from other languages' arrays and the pocket reference is great for looking it up quickly. Better than Google in my experience. Again, if you don't know what an array is, this might not be much help for you.

Once you advance to projects where you might need best practices, that's the time to start looking at virtualenv (mostly server deployment stuff) or frameworks or anything like that.
Most importantly: have fun.
A note of warning on Python 3.x
A couple of people are suggesting installing (if you need to) and using Python 3. I disagree with this stance. As the asker of the question you're probably completely unaware of the differences between the two or even that there were two versions. That's not your fault - that's just what being a beginner is all about.
Python 3.x has been around for years already but everybody still uses 2.x. I'm serious. Other people may suggest that Py3k is "good enough to learn on" but I posit that at least 90% of all the good tutorials and documentation out there is for Python 2 and trying to follow it in Python 3 will result in tears.
And as you progress and want to pull in external libraries (the really fun bit in Python!) you're going to find that only a tiny slither of the community have migrated over. Inevitably the thing you want to use hasn't been ported and you're left in a pool of your own tears again.
So I know it's 2013 and we're all half-robots floating in space, but take some advice from a cranky Python developer: stick with the old stuff for now. Things for Py3k will improve and probably within the next couple of years it'll be safe to use...
... by which time Python 4 will be released. C'est la vie.


mount samba share gives 'can't find [mount path] in /etc/fstab'

You included the -o (for option) flag, but did not specify any options.

The mount command then tries to get additional information from the /etc/fstab table. However, that file doesn't have a line with the same Samba share, so it can't find the options and complains.

Either specify an option on the command line, or leave out the -o flag altogether.


everything looks fine on your server but when you try access to web server form another computer you need a dns server to try change website name to ip address. like your server that add two line in /etc/hosts add ip address and web site name in /etc/hosts in client side not only server .


How to get ubuntu to open up full sized on VMware player?

@jchwebdev I found this answer today and hope it helps

My configuration is host : windows 7 and vmware guest : ubuntu 14.04.
For long time I've seen if I update the vmplayer or some software in vmplayer that screws my display and then in full screen it can no longer capture host display.So today I just followed the instruction provided in this link and fixed it without installing any additional software.I hope it helps other.

At first run :

$ xrandr -q

tanay@ubuntu:~$ xrandr -q Screen 0: minimum 1 x 1, current 1904 x 1070, maximum 8192 x 8192 Virtual1 connected primary 1904x1070+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 0mm x 0mm    800x600
60.0 +   60.3      2560x1600      60.0      1920x1440      60.0      1856x1392      60.0      1792x1344      60.0      1920x1200      59.9  1600x1200      60.0      1680x1050      60.0      1400x1050      60.0  1280x1024      60.0      1440x900       59.9      1280x960       60.0  1360x768       60.0      1280x800       59.8      1152x864       75.0  1280x768       59.9      1024x768       60.0      640x480        59.9  1904x1070_75.00   74.9*  Virtual2 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) Virtual3 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) Virtual4 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) Virtual5 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) Virtual6 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) Virtual7 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) Virtual8 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)

Then you can see which output is connected,here Virtual1 is connected.
Then guess a good resolution for your screen.For me I guessed following configuration.

Eg:cvt <horizontal length> <vertical length> <refresh rate>

$ cvt 1900 1070 75

The output is

# 1904x1070 74.87 Hz (CVT) hsync: 83.85 kHz; pclk: 216.00 MHz Modeline "1904x1070_75.00"  216.00  1904 2040 2240 2576  1070 1073    1083 1120
-hsync +vsync

Then you need to copy the text after "Modelline" and paste that in following command after "newmode" like the example below

$ xrandr --newmode "1904x1070_75.00"  216.00  1904 2040 2240 2576  1070 1073 1083 1120 -hsync +vsync

Then take the screen resolution details from the quote and use it in next command.For me the command is

$ xrandr --addmode Virtual1 1904x1070_75.00

The next command to set it in ubuntu for me is

$ xrandr --output Virtual1 --mode 1904x1070_75.00

If the last command doesn't work for you,you can go back to ubuntu display gui setting and can chose the display you have added just now.For me the option was 1904 x 1070 (16:9)

However if you are fine with this experiment and have found the desired screen resolution and to make that permanent,write the all the last 3 commands starting from xrandr --newmode command in your .xprofile file using following command and then save,exit and restart your ubuntu vm and you will get your desired resolution permanently.

$ gedit ~/.xprofile


Right click on Synaptic Touchpad not working on Ubuntu 14.10

Just add:

Option "ClickPad"         "true"
Option "EmulateMidButtonTime" "0"

in /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf

Something like this:

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "Default clickpad buttons"
        MatchDriver "synaptics"
        Option "ClickPad"         "true"
        Option "EmulateMidButtonTime" "0"
        Option "SoftButtonAreas" "50% 0 82% 0 0 0 0 0"
        Option "SecondarySoftButtonAreas" "58% 0 0 15% 42% 58% 0 15%"
EndSection