Ubuntu installation on Windows , I can't find my way back.

The first thing is not to panic :)

First when turning on your computer hold down the shift key that way if grub is installed it will come out of hiding

If that failed try mikewhatever suggestions and post output

If Windows exists, i presume you still have the ubuntu installation disk, if so, try option 2 found here https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair and use the recommended repair option.


can't connect to local internet using wire

It seems like your network is protected and need to configure your proxy settings. First,

Create Ethernet Network and select Manual Method in your IPv4 settings. Now add Address, Netmask, Gateway, DNS Servers.

Go to

  System Settings-->Network-->Network Proxy-->Manual-->add your proxyIP and port

and If you want to get update or access the internet through the terminal:

sudo gedit /etc/apt/apt.conf

you'll see

  Acquire::http::proxy "http://proxyip:port/";
  Acquire::https::proxy "https://proxyip:port/";
  Acquire::ftp::proxy "ftp://proxyip:port/";
  Acquire::socks::proxy "socks://proxyip:port/";

and if you have a username and password for your proxy then, change it to

  Acquire::http::proxy "http://username:password@proxyip:port/";
  Acquire::https::proxy "https://username:password@proxyip:port/";
  Acquire::ftp::proxy "ftp://username:password@proxyip:port/";
  Acquire::socks::proxy "socks://username:password@proxyip:port/";

I hope this will enable you to connect your network.


A TOR guide. https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Tor

Or you can try this http://www.52ap.com/


How to kill a script running in terminal, without closing terminal (Ctrl + C doesn't work)?

You have few options. One is to stop the script (CtrlZ), get the PID of the script and send SIGKILL to the process group.

When a command is executed in a shell, the process it starts and all its children are part of the same process group (in this case, the foreground process group). To send a signal to all processes in this group, you send it to the process leader. For the kill command, process leader is denoted thus:

kill -PID

Where PID is the process ID of the script.

Example:

Consider a script test.sh which launches some processes. Say you ran it in a shell:

$ ./test.sh

In another terminal,

$ pgrep test.sh
17802
$ pstree -ps `!!`
pstree -ps `pgrep test.sh`
init(1)───sshd(1211)───sshd(17312)───sshd(17372)───zsh(17788)───test.sh(17802)─┬─dd(17804)
                                                                               ├─sleep(17805)
                                                                               └─yes(17803)

In this case, to send a signal to process group created by test.sh, you'd do:

kill -INT -17802

-INT is used to send SIGINT, and so this command is the equivalent of pressing CtrlC on the terminal. To send SIGKILL:

kill -KILL -17802

You only need to stop the script if you can't open another terminal. If you can, use pgrep to find the PID.

One of the commands that the script launches may be trapping SIGINT, which is probably why CtrlC is ineffective. However, SIGKILL can't be trapped, and it is usually a last-resort option. You might want to try SIGTERM (-TERM) before going for the kill. Neither SIGKILL or SIGTERM can be set up as a keyboard shortcut the way SIGINT is.

All this is moot if your script doesn't contain a shebang line. From this SO answer:

  Usually the parent shell guesses that the script is written for the the same shell (minimal Bourne-like shells run the script with /bin/sh, bash runs it as a bash subprocess) ...

Because of this, when the script is executed, you won't find a process named after script (or a process with the script's name in the command line) and pgrep will fail.

Always use a shebang line.


I use the mail client Dekko. It is still in beta but it can do everything I want :)
It can connect to imap mail accounts.

It is available in the Ubuntu Store.

Please be aware that it does not use the accounts that are set up on the device yet.
That means if you want to connect to a googlemail adress you will have to enter username and password and enable less-secure-access for your Google account.


I found that :
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1861344
I hope I understood the manipulation. I just have to test it with my version


Nanne post is a quite OLD :
install sudo apt-get install ecryptfs-utils
Read This How To. It's quite easy :
sudo ecryptfs-migrate-home -u USER

And follow the process. From the link:

"This will setup the encrypted home directory for the USER and use rsync to do the migration.  Critically important, USER must login before the next reboot to complete the migration.  USER's randomly generated mount key is temporarily stored in memory until they login, and eCryptfs picks up the key and encrypts it with their mount passphrase."


Why does nautilus look different on XFCE than other distributions?

The theme name is Greybird. I finally managed to find it. It can be even be set up on gnome.


Well I recommend to install gnome-tweak-tool. Its a GUI software, has many features to customize your Ubuntu. You can search and install it via Software center.


Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6235 Bluetooth Lag

In terminal I would do
sudo sed -i 's/wifi.powersave = 3/wifi.powersave = 2/' /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf
echo "options iwlwifi bt_coex_active=0" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

Reboot

This will disable some power management on wifi and change the bluetooth coexistence setting since the default isn't working well


How to recover/undelete a deleted task in Thunderbird (Ubuntu 14.04 LTS)

I have a solution but you have to do it while connected within the same session:

open the task manager
press the Undo combo (usually Ctrl + Z) as many times as needed

Your task shall now appear at the bottom of your task list.


Updating Packages on Ubuntu Alternate CD

though I do not know much about linux, I made a boot disk for ubuntu 11.10 and I was on windows using something called linux live  usb creator (Lili for short) get lili here for free                                                                                http://www.linuxliveusb.com/


Just run
shutdown -c

to cancel the pending shutdown and correct your command


How closely will Unity follow the Desktop version specification?

That blueprint does not reflect the final plan - it was a proposal from a member of the community, and some elements are consistent with the final plan, but not the whole piece.

The key differences in the Natty version of Unity will be:

The launcher will hide intelligently by default (you can keep it hidden or lock it in view if you want)
There will be no systray, except perhaps for a NetworkManager special-case
We'll include Nautilus on the launcher by default and make it easier to launch from the Dash Files interface too
We'll support more hardware, including lower-end chipsets
The menu will not be shown unless invoked by mouse or accelerator key


Are you running X on the server ? If not, you can run it from a second machine over ssh

ssh -X user@server

Or you can run a light weight X session on the server, run a web interface (convirt or similar), or run virsh (command line interface).

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/KVM/Virsh


Dell inspiron 3421's wifi is not working on Ubuntu 14.04?

Connect your PC to mobile phone(connected wifi or mobile data) and turn on USB tethering. Then run "sudo apt-get update" and install "Additional Driver" in the software center if don't have installed. Then find your wireless driver in "Additional Driver" and install it. This way solved for my dell.


Go to:

System Settings --> Software & Updates --> Additional Drivers and choose a proprietary driver for your graphics card.

I assume that's what you mean with this limited information.


Gnome 3.6 notification area not on bottom of screen

It was an extension I had installed called "Panel Settings". link


Bash Shellshock Fix Applied But Seems that Additional Fix is Required

There have been several Bash updates in Ubuntu in the past couple days. Run sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade again, and the problem should disappear (I don't have it on my own 14.04 server).

EDIT: For reference, the latest version of the bash package in 14.04 as of right now is 4.3-7ubuntu1.4.


How to remove GNOME Shell after switching to Unity in Ubuntu 18.04

Preliminary

It may not be quite worthy to remove the gnome shell desktop. Unity uses many components of Gnome. The space savings may not be that relevant, unless indeed you have a very small hard drive.
To "granularly" remove all packages only needed by gnome-shell, and not by unity would require a detailed investigation of dependencies. Lacking that, you still can remove gnome-shell. That way, that login option also will be gone, and for practical purposes, the system will already "feel" as if Unity is the only installed desktop.

Approach

You could proceed as following. Caveat: do this (as usual) only after you have a full backup of your data. There is always a possibility something goes wrong.

Remove gnome-shell (this is: only the shell, not the gnome system and core components)

sudo apt purge gnome-shell

This will completely remove packages related to the shell. This will also remove the ubuntu-desktop metapackage, because you indeed are removing a core part of the current Ubuntu desktop. This will also remove the gdm login manager.

Perform an autoremove

sudo apt autoremove

This will remove all packages that were automatically installed but are no longer needed by any remaining package.

Make sure light-dm (automatically installed with ubuntu-unity-desktop) is properly set as your default login display manager by running the command:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm

(see How to change from GDM to LightDM? for specifics)

Check your Unity-desktop core files are all in place by reinstalling the meta-package

sudo apt install --reinstall ubuntu-unity-desktop

Thus, Ubuntu will reinstall the (small) metapackage, and while doing so, check that all required dependencies are (still) in place. May not be needed, but just to be sure.


You need to mount the partition, not the block device (hard disk).

For example;

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/oldhome/

You will not be able to mount /dev/sda2 because that is the extended partition (which means that other partitions, starting from /dev/sda5, reside within it).

To mount /dev/sda5, you might have to use LVM commands, not sure. (I'm not an expert with LVM, so hopefully someone else will help you out with /dev/sda5). You will probably need to mount /dev/md-x to somewhere (with 'x' being a number such as /dev/dm-127.

I had a very quick search on the internet and here is the first link I found.

https://sathyasays.com/2008/10/01/how-tomounting-lvm-partitions-from-a-command-prompt-or-a-root-shell/


E: Package 'libmysqlclient18' has no installation candidate

The package libmysqlclient18 is in 12.04 and 14.04 only. Not 16.04.

The package libmysqlclient20 is in 16.04 and newer (as of JUN 2018)

Please let the mysql team know that their documentation needs to be updated.


Unable to set password for the MySQL "root" user, start: Job failed to start

It is difficult to see in what configuration your system really is, with all commands that you tried.  Did you read the /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.5/README.Debian as suggested in the first part?

Anyway, I would try:
sudo dpkg-reconfigure mysql

This will give you a chance to enter a root password for MySQL (not to be confused with linux rootuser.

If successful, to start MySQL:
sudo service mysql start


Open a shell/Terminal

Dash -> Search for Terminal

Dash -> More Apps -> 'See More Results' -> Terminal

Dash -> More Apps -> Accessories -> Terminal

Keyboard Shortcut: Ctrl + Alt + T

Once you have your Ubuntu terminal open do the following:

$ cd ~/Download

$ sudo mv wordpress3.6.tar.gz /opt/lampp/htdocs/

$ cd /opt/lampp/htdocs/

$ tar -xvzf wordpress3.6.tar.gz


How can I tell state of program seemingly running

It's probably a zombie process.

  Z    defunct ("zombie") process, terminated but not reaped by its parent.

If you run ps ax | grep firefox it will show you the status of the process, you can check against this list of status of the process (you must read the STAT column). Sadly, is unlikely that without fiddling with debuggers you can recover your data.

tree probably doesn't show you the process for the same reason.


Monitor switching when closing the lid of notebook

Justis in the commets section:

  Try this answer to see if it helps: How can I tell Ubuntu to do nothing when I close my laptop lid?

This will probably be  your best answer


Disable firefox extension from the console

No there isn't anything elegant...  Don't take my word for it, examine the Mozilla remote commands source code

There is a very unelegant method though:  pkill firefox&&sleep 1&&firefox -safe-mode.

A bit more detail on the inelegant solution now you mentioned the "Zoom Menu Elements":

There is a way of locking preferences in Firefox, but that is again for a deployment situation, so changing it on the fly is again a  pkill firefox&&ChangeUserPref.sh layout.css.devPixelsPerPx iOneorTwo&&firefox.

If this is an option for a solution, a prefs.js file must be created, ChangeUserPref.sh must be written and the "Zoom Menu Elements" must be deactivated (as this functionality will now be managed outside Firefox)

On the "loosing the tabs" because of the restart: that is also a preference, so can be locked as well, but that's the best I can do for you...  :(


Bash Script: How to enable for the wildcard in variable to expand in for flow control?

You can use the bash variable for your home directory instead of ~.
The bash variable for your home directory is $HOME so your script should look like this:
#!/bin/bash

binlist="$HOME/bin/*"

for i in $binlist; do
echo $i
done

Alternatively, you could use /home/$USER instead of $HOME like this:
#!/bin/bash

binlist="/home/$USER/bin/*"

for i in $binlist; do
echo $i
done

You can view each one of these variables by running the following commands:
echo $HOME
echo $USER

These are listed under "Shell Variables" on the bash manpage.

Also, as mentioned by @John1024, the tilde will not expand to $HOME if it is placed within quotes so your third option would be to use the following:
#!/bin/bash

binlist=~/"bin/*"

for i in $binlist; do
echo $i
done

and as mentioned by @bac0n the quotation marks are not necessary here so you can also use the following:
#!/bin/bash

binlist=~/bin/*

for i in $binlist; do
echo $i
done


Go to System setting>>mouse and touchpad, see if you can see touchpad settings there, it must be in a seperated tab


Mouse pointer dissappears after Login...?

I only encounter this the first login after a fresh install, but not after that. Does this occur consistently for you?

Also is your home partition encrypted?


Write a script like the following. First, the values:

disk_total=$(df | grep "/$" | awk '{print $2;}')
disk_used=$(df | grep "/$" | awk '{print $3;}')

This uses the list of mounted devices (df) and selects just the disk mounted at /, assuming that that is the disk that we are interested in. For cases where more partitions on the same disk may be mounted, I can't give a general solution. From that line, it takes the second and third fields for the total disk space and used disk space, respectively, and assigns these to variables disk_total and disk_used.

mem_total=$(free | grep Mem | awk '{print $2;}')
mem_used=$(free | grep Mem | awk '{print $3;}')

This does the same for memory measurements, using the free command.

Now that we have the values in variables, you can output json like this:

echo "    myjson = {disk_total: $disk_total,"       \
     "              disk_used: $disk_used,  "       \
     "              mem_total: $mem_total,  "       \
     "              mem_used: $mem_used     "       \
     "             }"


How to work around "Something wicked happened resolving" errors

This is to help people setup and install a LAMP (Linux-Apache-MySQL-PHP) server in Ubuntu, including Apache 2, PHP 5 and MySQL 4.1 or 5.0 : https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ApacheMySQLPHP

I hope it be useful.
If it don't work you can use this way ( add repository:ppa ) :

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ptn107/apache

then install apache :

sudo apt-get install apache2-mpm-worker

And to check it you can use:

apache2 -v


If everything you need works fine with the open-source driver, then you don't have to install the proprietary driver.

Or, if you're

Using a laptop with hybrid-video config (Intel + nVidia).
Want to reduce the power consumption by using the Intel GPU.

You can install the proprietary driver, which will allow you to choose which GPU to use (between Performance Mode and Power Saving Mode).


Try the following command in a terminal:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install lightdm

to ensure that Lightdm is properly installed.


How to remove old HPLIP in Ubuntu-Mate 18.04

Really the sudo apt purge hplip command will not end with GUI removal.

The command will remove MATE meta-packages but the MATE desktop itself will remain installed.

I have double tested this on fresh Ubuntu MATE 18.04 LTS.


Samba won't install because of broken packages

The issue was with my package sources so I changed my /etc/apt/sources.list back to default with the help of repogen.simplylinux.ch

Then I ran these commands:

apt-get update
apt-get autoremove libtdb1 --purge
apt-get install libtdb1=1.3.8-0ubuntu0.14.04.1
apt-get install samba

Done. Thx for your assistance!


Does my PCI card have shared interrupts?

You can determine the interrupts in use on your system with lsdev which is part of the procinfo package.

It can be installed with the command sudo apt-get install procinfo

Once installed you can issue the command 'lsdev'

You should get output similar to this:

$ lsdev
Device            DMA   IRQ  I/O Ports
------------------------------------------------
0000:00:02.0                   f000-f03f
0000:00:1f.2                   f060-f07f   f080-f083   f090-f097   f0a0-f0a3   f0b0-f0b7
0000:00:1f.3                   f040-f05f
0000:02:00.0                     e000-e07f
acpi                      9
ACPI                           0400-0403   0404-0405   0408-040b   0410-0415   0420-042f   0450-0450
ahci                     41      f060-f07f     f080-f083     f090-f097     f0a0-f0a3     f0b0-f0b7
atl1c                              e000-e07f
cascade             4
dma                            0080-008f
dma1                           0000-001f
dma2                           00c0-00df
ehci_hcd:usb1            16
ehci_hcd:usb2            23
eth0                     45
fpu                            00f0-00ff
i8042                  1 12
i915                     43
it87                             0a35-0a36       0a35-0a36
iTCO_wdt                       0430-0433     0460-047f
keyboard                       0060-0060   0064-0064
mei_me                   42
PCI                          0000-0cf7 0cf8-0cff 0d00-ffff   e000-efff
pic1                           0020-0021
pic2                           00a0-00a1
pnp                            0200-020f   0454-0457   0458-047f   04d0-04d1   0500-057f   0680-069f   0a00-0a0f   0a20-0a2f   0a30-0a3f   164e-164f   ffff-ffff     ffff-ffff
rtc0                      8    0070-0077
snd_hda_intel            44
timer                     0
timer0                         0040-0043
timer1                         0050-0053
vesafb                         03c0-03df
xhci_hcd                 40

As you can see the IRQ's in use are listed in the IRQ column. By reviewing this information you can determine whether you have devices sharing an IRQ (interrupt).


How can I enable encrypted HTTPS for Nginx web server using Let's Encrypt?

This should do the trick.

Install the Certbot software on your server.
Add the repository:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:certbot/certbot

Update the package list to pick up the new repository's package information:

sudo apt update

Install Certbot's Nginx package with apt:

sudo apt install python-certbot-nginx

Allow HTTPS traffic by allowing the Nginx Full profile and delete the redundant Nginx HTTP profile allowance:

sudo ufw allow 'Nginx Full'
sudo ufw delete allow 'Nginx HTTP'

Obtain an SSL Certificate using Nginx plugin:

sudo certbot --nginx -d example.com -d www.example.com

Let me know if I forgot anything and I will edit accordingly.


Find all files that have been changed in the last 30 days and put them in a TAR

Instead of using exec:

find . -type f -mtime -30  -exec tar -czf changed.tar.gz {} \;

You can pipe to tar using --files-from=- and --null:

find . -mtime -30 -type f -print0  | tar czf changed.tar.gz --files-from=- --null

  --null

       -T reads null-terminated names, disable -C

  -T,
  --files-from FILE

       get names to extract or create from FILE

In the example above, the input filename is - - the input from the pipe

You can also pipe it using xargs

find . -type f -mtime -30 -print | xargs tar -czf changed.tar.gz


I do not have single clue why but here is what fixed my problem (completely by mistake):

Using pavucontrol I have disabled "GF110 High Definition Controller" and the sound will only work if "Built-in audio" is set to anything Analog. It will not work if the setting is digital. Can anyone comment on why that would happen ?

Thanks.


It looks like a kerning issue to me. Check if the solution provided in this post helps:
How to activate kerning in LibreOffice?


Backlight keyboard commands working on live CD but not on installed ubuntu

gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

And then find the Section "Device" and add the bold line.

Section "Device"
Identifier "Default Device"
Option "NoLogo" "True"
Option "RegistryDwords" "EnableBrightnessControl=1"
EndSection


Ubuntu Vivid Android USB tethering not works

Well I think I figured it out (though too late for you I guess, but might be useful for others)...so to pick up from where you are:

Leave the USB connected, but turn off USB tethering on the LG
In Ubuntu, on the network dropdown, unflag Enable Mobile Broadband
On the LG, re-enable USB tethering
In Ubuntu, again on the network dropdown, Auto Ethernet...

After 2 seconds, you should have the connection..


Extremely slow internet speeds and Wifi adpadter isnt detected when i use lspci

Install Wicd Network manager:

sudo apt-get install wicd-gtk wicd wicd-daemon wicd-curses wicd-cli


I installed qemu on WSL, but I don't see the binaries in /usr/bin - help?

These days qemu is just a dummy package, with functionality split out among many packges.  run
apt-cache show qemu

for more information.
Try installing qemu-kvm for the hardware assisted version.
Installing qemu-kvm will actually install qemu-system-x86_64 and running kvm is like running qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm. For example, to create a 12G (max expansion) virtual machine (myvirt.img) from iso file whatever.iso:
qemu-img create myvirt.img -f qcow2 12G
kvm -m 750 -cdrom whatever.iso -boot d myvirt.img

See man kvm for more information.


What are the disadvantages of adding the repositories from 11.04 to 11.10?

No disadvantages are guaranteed, but you could easily end up with dependency issues, where one package depends on a different version of a library than another package, so it could mess up your system updates or trying to install certain applications. Regarding Java, as mentionned already, try to follow alternative instructions from blogs to download individual packages from an older version of Ubuntu rather than adding old repositories.


Sound problem after upgrading Ubuntu 16.04 to 18.04 (JABRA Evolve 65)

I got this problem solved! I recently asked another question regarding my hugely growing log-files in Ubuntu 18.04.

You can see the post here: Huge syslog, syslog.1 and kern.log files stored in /var/log in Ubuntu 18.04

My log files were hugely growing in size (for reasons unknown yet to me) causing my system to freeze in the end. After I removed the huge log files I got my system back and running.

I later noticed that the log-files kept growing all the time from AER pcieport-messages (more info on the post above). I then found a solution from another site (also added to the above post) and tried it out. It worked and the log-files stopped growing. It then occured to me whether if the constant writing into the log-files affected the sound in my system.

I opened up a Youtube video and the problem was gone! So my sound problem was the result of constantly growing log-files.


Take a look at windisk32; Right click on the file, select open with windisk32, select the disk you want to write to, and it should work.


What does this mean:- pnp 00:06: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0303 (active)

The error is related to Keyboard/Touchpad controller(i8042). Since kernel version 2.6.31, the script that was used to unbind the devices on suspend and rebind them on resume does not work. According to this link, the system uses ACPIPnP / PnPBIOS to discover KBD/AUX controllers and hence the error message.
You can use the following workaround to get rid of the error message.

Open terminal and run

 sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Change the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" to
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="i8042.nopnp"
Save and close.

Update GRUB

sudo update-grub

Restart your PC.


dump dpkg package list for fresh installation

To dump the list of currently installed applications:

dpkg --get-selections >output-file

To re-import:

sudo dpkg --set-selections <output-file
sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade


if you use IDE, you need to use System environment. if you use terminal, try to download with sudo pip3 install pymongo.


strlen returns incorrect value when called in gdb

The library is working just fine.  The program reports the correct value even when run under gdb.  The bug seems to be in the way that gdb is evaluating the expression and forcing the target program to call the function.  I'm seeing this same behavior on 10.04 as well.  Strangely p printf("foo\n") correctly prints 4.

It seems that gdb is confused because strlen is a builtin.  If you do this:

int (*len)(char *) = strlen;

And then have gdb print len("foo") you get the correct result.


Can I recover an encrypted partition that I quick-formatted in Lubuntu?

If you have:

A backup of the LUKS header (from luksHeaderBackup <device> --header-backup-file <file>)
The master key (from the option --dump-master-key the actual encryption key, no passphrase required)

then it might be possible to recover some files, depending on how much was overwritten.

With a backup LUKS header, you could use --header <device or file storing the LUKS header> with open to open the container using the backup header and a passphrase.
With the master key, you could use --master-key-file with open to open the LUKS device without a passphrase.

See man cryptsetup for more descriptions of the options & usage.

Even if some areas were overwritten, it might be possible to repair/recover some files, either fixing the filesystem or doing an "undelete" type search, or a data carving tool to grab the remaining readable files. testdisk can go a long way towards those goals.


I dont know how to install a game for linux

For Champions of Regnum, you should just right click the file, click properties, permissions, and then checkmark "allow executing file as program". Then close out of that and then double click the file. Should install fine.

Check it out: https://www.championsofregnum.com/forum/showthread.php?t=27971


During boot up, press and hold the SHIFT key to make the operating system choices appear. Later, this can be changed inside Windows to let Ubuntu appear first.


You have likely erased the original contents of /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
To restore do gedit admin:///etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf

Paste in the following

# /etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
remove iwlwifi \
(/sbin/lsmod | grep -o -e ^iwlmvm -e ^iwldvm -e ^iwlwifi | xargs /sbin/rmmod) \
&& /sbin/modprobe -r mac80211
Save and exit


Installing Ubuntu on laptop via USB gives squashf errors

This normally indicates an error on the media, in this case the USB drive. Maybe there are bad blocks on the device.


ubuntu change ethernet driver for atheros ar8132 to enable jumbo frames

The link I gave has a typo; I apologize.

The idea is to find the highest mtu that your ethernet card, driver and router can manage. Please try:

ping -c3 -s 1550 -M do 8.8.8.8

Keep increasing the mtu until you see: Message too long, mtu=XXX The resultant number can be set:

sudo ifconfig eth0 mtu XXX

Of course, substitute your interface if not eth0. Set it permanently in Network Manager or /etc/network/interfaces, whichever you use to configure your ethernet.


From Intel Linux support, you must install latest Alsa driver for Ubuntu. In a terminal window, run the following:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-audio-dev/alsa-daily
sudo apt update
sudo apt install oem-audio-hda-daily-dkms
sudo reboot


how do i reset or uninstall wifi adapter

sudo service network-manager restart

This should reset the network-manager, thus resetting your WiFi. Hope this helps!


Why would that be prohibited? You are free to sell Ubuntu as much as you like. It's free software, after all. I don't really understand why you would want to buy it from a third-party, though. But it's perfectly legal. You can purchase official CDs from http://shop.ubuntu.com if you want to.

It's impossible to tell whether it's the official version they're selling or not, and if not, what they've done to it. However, if they claim that it is the official version, it's extremely easy to check. You'll just check the contents against the md5 sums available from official channels.

If you have an ok internet connection, I would rather just download it myself.


Nvidia-prime and gdm dont work on ubuntu-gnome

This is probably related with this bug in GDM.

Anyway, the best workaround in Ubuntu GNOME is to change GDM to lightdm (in fact, lightdm in Ubuntu is way better than gdm, imho):

Install lightdm

sudo apt install lightdm
Switch the DE to lightdm

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm
Reboot

sudo reboot


I think I uninstalled my system settings. How can I get it back?

install it again(Ubuntu 12.04):

sudo apt-get install gnome-control-center

Ubuntu 14.04+

sudo apt-get install unity-control-center


Upgrade Ubuntu package from source tarball. Example: gnome-terminal and VTE

I finally managed to compile gnome-terminal from source on Ubuntu 17.04. For reference, here is the recipe that worked for me:

Install Ubuntu packages:

sudo apt get install \
intltool libpcre2-dev libdconf-dev uuid-dev libglib2.0-dev \
libgtk-3-dev libgirepository1.0-dev libvala-0.34-dev valac yelp-tools \
libnautilus-extension-dev gtk-doc-tools libpcre2-dev libgirepository1.0-dev \
gnome-common gobject-introspection gsettings-desktop-schemas-dev

Install latest version of VTE (latest version not available as an Ubuntu package):

Download VTE from GitHub, then in the source folder:

./autogen.sh --prefix=/opt/vte
make
sudo make install

Install gnome-terminal:

First download gnome-terminal from GitHub, then in the source folder:

PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/opt/vte/lib/pkgconfig ./autogen.sh \
--disable-search-provider --prefix=/opt/gnome-terminal

This will install gnome-terminal in /opt/gnome-terminal/bin/gnome-terminal


Unable to generate core dump after apport disable

Coredumps have to be enabled in the kernel in
/proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern

which can be set by
sysctl kernel.core_pattern=$coredump_name

e.g.
sysctl kernel.core_pattern=core
sysctl kernel.core_pattern=/var/crash/%E.%p.%t.%s

%E gives the full pathname of the crashed program (with / replaced by !)
%p gives the process ID of the crashed program
%t gives the epoch timestamp
%s gives the terminating signal number

Full details are in man 5 core.
The kernel's default is core, but it may be set to something else (or disabled) at boot time, using /etc/sysctl.conf or /etc/sysctl.d/*.conf or similar. If you have the latter, then simply add a new file with a name that sorts after the others (perhaps starting with z); if not then edit the existing file. In that file put the parameter to the sysctl command above, e.g.
kernel.core_pattern=core


Is there any command to copy and cd into that directory same time in terminal

This is not one single command, but in bash my favorite way to do that is:

$ cp filename.zip ../../directory/
$ cd :ESC: .

In the last line I mean hit Esc + .. This combination selects the last argument from the last command, in your case that's ../../directory/.

A different way to do that is:

$ cp filename.zip ../../directory/; cd $_

You can find similar commands over on stackoverflow.com: How to use arguments from previous command?.


As mentioned here, comment out line 6 in ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/workspace-bar@markbokil.com/prefs.js. Tested & works.


You wouldn't boot a live system from GRUB, but rather from the BIOS' boot device selection menu.

Microsoft gives an instruction on how to do this. It cuts down to these points:

Press and old the volume down button and press the Power button
Release the volume down button as the Surface logo shows up and it should automatically boot the USB stick.

Windows 7 will most likely not acknowledge the existence of any non-windows-supported file system, like EXT4, which is used for Ubuntu by default. So you may have to reinstall Ubuntu after that.


software centre not signing to ubuntu one

It's a bug which is said to have been fixed.

https://launchpad.net/bugs/1616943

So hopefully, if you update all packages:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

it will work.


This might be the reason of the issue you're experiencing:

Despite being able to work with lower USB bandwidths, this device always requests the maximum possible bandwidth, even for the MJPEG format. Using one of those cameras in conjunction with another USB device (including the camera internal microphone) will likely fail. You can tell the uvcvideo driver to estimate the required bandwidth instead of trusting the camera by setting the FIX_BANDWIDTH quirk. This will only affect uncompressed formats, and even there there's no guarantee of success. See the FAQ for more information.


I've deleted PulseAudio too, because is the only way for me to put the mic working on skype...

I don't know why skype doesn't work well with Pulseaudio, but it works for me delete Pulseaudio and full installed Alsamixer Package.

You may want to try that. As i said before, maybe you don't need libpulse if you don't have pulseaudio... perhaps you should get libasound2 package for Alsamixer. It works for me and my Skype connection works great and my music too. Hope i helped you.


I have a problem where sudo does not work can you help me?

Hmm, could be that you made an error previously? Looks a lot like this story.

Running chown -R is a bit dangerous when used wrongly.


Installing 12.04 on acer travelMate x483

If you were installing via Bootable USB, it would be that which showed that error. Either your USB disconnected accidentally or it is malfunctioned (i,e contains some error) or not made bootable in proper way.

You can try to install with USB also but I suggest you to make bootable USB using Startup Disk Creator which is available in Ubuntu by default. So for that you can refer to any friend who are using Ubuntu. Although it would be better to install using Live DVD.. ;)


Sort Unity Launcher icons alphabetically

You can get them using

gsettings get com.canonical.Unity.Launcher favorites

and set them with

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Launcher favorites VALUE

where VALUE has the same format as what you've gotten from gsettings get ...


How to reset lost user password on a guest on VMWare server?

As suggested by VMware KB 1004129, edit the virtual machine's configuration (.vmx) and add or edit this option:

bios.bootDelay = "15000"

This adds a 15 seconds delay to the initial BIOS POST screen, showing it for longer so you can press keys required to enter the GRUB menu.


Upgrading Ubuntu 10.10 in-place to 12.04 LTS or 14.04 LTS

Use a LiveCD of the release you want.

If the drive is not already partitioned into 3 partitions, for example, /, /home, and a swap, re-partition your drive to reflect something along those lines.

Move /home to the home partition.  If there are any customisations in the root partition, move them to a tmp directory at /home.

Install the release of your choice, selecting the option Something Else.  You will format your root partition, and leave your home partition as is -unformatted.

This will preserve most of your 'personal data'.  You could also place the output of installed packages dpkg --get-selections | grep -v deinstall > ~/Desktop/packages and then sudo dpkg --set-selections < ~/Desktop/packages && sudo apt-get -u dselect-upgrade to put them back after the move.  Or you could hand pick.  It's your choice.

I also have a separate partition for /opt just because it saves me time/downloads whenever I switch.


UFW not blocking traffic at ubuntu server vm's

OK seems that for some reason the ufw let me ping my machine yet all other operations are blocked so it works just not as one might think it would.


Ubuntu 11.04 and ATI Catalyst 11.5 graphics artifacts

After I completely reinstall Ubuntu 11.04, and installed from scratch Catalyst 11.7, every bug disappered. So now I enjoy gaming, video and other things in Ubuntu.


"System Program Problem Detected" at login

You probably have old crash logs that are sticking around. Try running

sudo rm /var/crash/*

to delete the old reports.

Getting "System program problem detected" pops up regularly after upgrade


There is no need for an installation. Just surf to whatsapp web:

https://web.whatsapp.com/

You get an QR-code presented. Start the whatsapp-app on you mobile and select "whatsapp web" from the app-menu. Than you can scan the QR-code from the screen of your webbrowser.

The mobile and the PC should be in same network, the mobile by WLAN.


The package is likely outdated so useless. You should just install manually & update every couple of weeks or if it breaks.

Instructions here - https://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html

Most common method -

sudo curl https://yt-dl.org/downloads/2016.05.10/youtube-dl -o /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl

sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl

To update   sudo youtube-dl -U


Noticed what you wrote in comments. Installing Icelandic is not sufficient. You also need to drag the "Íslenska" item to the top of the list, to set the language related environment variables correctly.

"Drag languages to arrange them in order of preference."

(Uninstalling English was problably not a very good idea.)


How do I run an .appimage on startup (19.10)?

If you plan to run that using systemd services, you could use:

[Unit]
Description=Start Your Awesome Work
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=useyouruser
LimitNOFILE=1024

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
startLimitIntervalSec=60
Environment=DISPLAY=:0
ExecStart=/FULL/PATH/TO/YOUR/work.AppImage

PermissionsStartOnly=true
StandardOutput=syslog
StandardError=syslog

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

I just got that working on 18.04 after having some hard time. Hopefully, that will be useful for 19.04

Remember to change the User and ExecStart


We could change the default value of the bluetooth coexistence parameter to see if conditions improve

echo "options iwlwifi bt_coex_active=N" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/iwlbt.conf

Reboot and test

If it happens to cause more problems than it solves it can be removed with
sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/iwlbt.conf
With another reboot


gpointing-device-settings default configuration ubuntu 14.04

gpointing-device-settings is essentially dead. I contacted the project admins about a year ago on their mailing list asking what has happened to the tool. It hasn't been updated for years and only supports Gtk2, not the more recent Gtk3.

The only answer I received was from one guy who left the team even before the last update and didn't know he still was on the list. Otherwise I haven't received any response and there haven't been any updates since.

So, best forget about gpointing-device-settings and try other tools, e.g. synclient. This is an already installed command line tool and is very well documented. To get a list of supported options and their current values, use

synclient -l

For me, this returns:

Parameter settings:
    LeftEdge                = 1534
    RightEdge               = 5402
    TopEdge                 = 1259
    BottomEdge              = 4613
    FingerLow               = 25
    FingerHigh              = 30
    MaxTapTime              = 180
    MaxTapMove              = 261
    MaxDoubleTapTime        = 180
    SingleTapTimeout        = 180
    ClickTime               = 100
    EmulateMidButtonTime    = 75
    EmulateTwoFingerMinZ    = 282
    EmulateTwoFingerMinW    = 7
    VertScrollDelta         = -119
    HorizScrollDelta        = -119
    VertEdgeScroll          = 0
    HorizEdgeScroll         = 0
    CornerCoasting          = 0
    VertTwoFingerScroll     = 1
    HorizTwoFingerScroll    = 1
    MinSpeed                = 1
    MaxSpeed                = 1.75
    AccelFactor             = 0.0336078
    TouchpadOff             = 0
    LockedDrags             = 0
    LockedDragTimeout       = 5000
    RTCornerButton          = 2
    RBCornerButton          = 3
    LTCornerButton          = 0
    LBCornerButton          = 0
    TapButton1              = 1
    TapButton2              = 3
    TapButton3              = 2
    ClickFinger1            = 1
    ClickFinger2            = 3
    ClickFinger3            = 2
    CircularScrolling       = 0
    CircScrollDelta         = 0.1
    CircScrollTrigger       = 0
    CircularPad             = 0
    PalmDetect              = 0
    PalmMinWidth            = 10
    PalmMinZ                = 200
    CoastingSpeed           = 20
    CoastingFriction        = 50
    PressureMotionMinZ      = 30
    PressureMotionMaxZ      = 160
    PressureMotionMinFactor = 1
    PressureMotionMaxFactor = 1
    ResolutionDetect        = 1
    GrabEventDevice         = 1
    TapAndDragGesture       = 1
    AreaLeftEdge            = 0
    AreaRightEdge           = 0
    AreaTopEdge             = 0
    AreaBottomEdge          = 0
    HorizHysteresis         = 8
    VertHysteresis          = 8
    ClickPad                = 0

You can change a value using

synclient <option>=<newvalue>

This however is not persistent, so best put all commands you use to change something into a script and have it executed on login.


For sure, there is a safe way to hide an entry from rEFInd boot menu.

I would suggest you to use "dont_scan_files" or "don't_scan_files" parameter in "refind.conf".

To add the EFI file to hide in addition to the default ones, you may use the following:

dont_scan_files + NameOfTheEFILoaderToHide.efi

For more details about the configuration of rEFInd Boot Manager, don't hesitate to take a look at the official documentation.

To identify the EFI file(s) you wish to keep or hide, efibootmgr may help you to get a list of the EFI menu entries with the corresponding EFI file.

Under Ubuntu, open a terminal and install "efibootmgr", if it is not already installed, by using the following command:

sudo apt-get install efibootmgr
Retrieve EFI boot order and entries with the command:

sudo efibootmgr -v

Notes:

BootCurrent: 0002 (indicates the UEFI boot entry used for booting).

BootOrder: 0002,0003,0001,0000 (indicates the UEFI boot order defined).

Boot000x* (represents one boot entry. It is followed by its name, HD and EFI file. All the boot entries are listed below "BootOrder").


Recover deleted user Files from guest account

Ubuntu don't have a root password. That said, you should try going for the "Recovery Mode" in the GRUB "Advanced options", select "Drop to root shell prompt" then create your system user with adduser:

adduser user

Then reboot and login with your new user. Also, you should make sure your new user is member of the admin and sudo group.

adduser admin user
adduser sudo user

If during this commands the system complains about being on read-only or that files couldn't be written, the run this:

mount -o remount,rw /
mount --all


Dual Boot Ubuntu Server Edition and Windows 7 Professional

It is possible and there won't be any problems. Essentially the server edition is just
like the desktop one, with different packages and some kernel optimization.

So, if the desktop works, there is absolutely no reason why the server shouldn't.
Even if it didn't work, you could just install/purge the differences in the desktop version


internet connection problems possible DNS

To be sure is dns problem type
host google.com
if you get no answer with ip address try
host google.com 8.8.8.8
If you got answer with ip address, you probably have no configured DNS parameters.

You can use nm-tool to see DNS servers


GRUB does not list an option for windows 8

Boot your pc into ubuntu than follow these steps
open a new Terminal, then type:

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update

Press ENTER.
Then type:

  sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)

Press ENTER.
Than click Recommended repair, than wait for the process to finish, reboot your device you will find windows 8.


There is not necessarily a single correct answer to this question. Bazaar stores the claimed email address in revisions when they're created, so that people can tell who committed which revisions. If you don't plan to publish the branch in a public location, it does not matter at all really. If you do plan to publish the branch or hope to have the changes merged into an existing public project, the identity provided is how you will be attributed. So it is up to you or the policy governing the project you are contributing to whether or not to use your real name.

Also note, that you can set the identity information on a per-branch basis:

bzr whoami --branch "Pen Name <nope@example.com>"


Dual-booted but cannot access Ubuntu after boot-repair

You have to change BIOS to boot external drive first, then internal drive. Then if external drive is not plugged in, it will boot the internal drive and just boot Windows, if plugged in it boots grub/Ubuntu.

You have Windows boot loader in sda, and grub2 in sdb, so Windows boots directly from internal drive and Ubuntu boots from external when plugged in, and will give the option to boot either Windows or Ubuntu.


How to remove a directory which is not empty?

You can remove empty directories with rmdir <directory> and non-empty directories with rm -r <directory>.

What causes you trouble, may be the following:
Consider this directory content:

$ tree -a
.
├── empty
├── non-empty
│   └── file.txt
└── non-empty-with-hidden-file
    └── .file.txt

We have an epty directory, on containing a file and one containing a hidden file. Now run rmdir *:

$ rmdir *
rmdir: failed to remove `non-empty': Directory not empty
rmdir: failed to remove `non-empty-with-hidden-file': Directory not empty
$ tree -a
.
├── non-empty
│   └── file.txt
└── non-empty-with-hidden-file
    └── .file.txt

As you can see, empty was removed and the other two caused error messages. Now you can run rm -r:

$ rm -r non-empty
$ tree -a
.
└── non-empty-with-hidden-file
    └── .file.txt

Your file not found error is probably not caused by rm, but by a typo in your filename or your directory path. You can avoid this by using the autocomplete function (Tab) instead of typing by hand.


How did I exchanged user and super user setups

Settings are applied to the X graphical interface (Gnome, KDE...) on a per-user basis.

Therefore, if you changed some setting while logged in as root (*), you won't find the same settings applied when logging in as another user.

(*) Side note: doing this is considered unsafe. Always log in to X as a unprivileged user, and escalate to root user whenever necessary.


Need wired/wireless atheros driver for AR9285 and AR8152

You might need to install additional wireless drivers, this can be difficult without a network connection.

I recommend downloading the AMD64 .deb directly from this page and then copy them onto a USB key or CD-R and back onto your laptop. Then install it by double clicking on it and following the instructions in the Software Center, then you'll probably need to reboot. Your wireless card should work at that point.

After that install linux-backports-modules-wireless-maverick-generic so that you'll have that package installed so you'll get upgrades.

sudo apt-get install linux-backports-modules-wireless-maverick-generic


ubuntu can't get correct ip config from router

Stage 1: Get a Connection

I'd first try to configure your nic via DHCP:

  sudo dhclient

After that, I'd expect your machine to have an IP similar to your other machine, 10.1.24.XY

You can check what your router IP is by running

  route -n | grep UG

I wager your default gateway (router) is at 10.1.24.1 - ping it to verify it's working okay.

If dhclient didn't get you an IP, manually set one:

sudo ifconfig eth0 10.1.24.200 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 255.255.255.0
sudo route add default gw 10.1.24.1

I hope that gives you a good feel.

Stage 2: Make it persist

I'd wager you should just goof with your network manager settings.

If you want to manually configure your nic, edit /etc/network/interfaces

Most users will want to edit their persistent network settings via the network manager: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NetworkManager


How to stop screen going black after 10 min Ubuntu Mate

You should try to find mate-power-manager.

If it doesn't exist, you can install it by opening a terminal and typing

sudo apt install mate-power-manager

After installation, you can access it either via

Terminal: by typing mate-power-preferences
GUI: System > Control Center > Power Management and/or Screensaver (for your needs).


sudo instead of root sometimes asks for password

You are always asked for your sudo password unless you already provided it in the last 15 minutes. This password is not to log in as root but your personal password. root user is disabled by default in all Ubuntu installations.


Is securing phpMyAdmin with .htaccess considered sufficient?

Securing phpMyAdmin with .htaccess is considered sufficient if you're just using Ubuntu in order to learn and get experience with LAMP servers.

However, if you were working in a corporate environment, I would suggest setting up SSL Certifications with phpMyAdmin for that extra level of security.


I'm using ~/bin in my $PATH variable, how can I make unity also display my scripts in there?

Create a *.desktop file say as myscript.desktop, add command parameters as you want. In this case your script commands.
See the below for more details on parameters of .desktop file.
Test the launcher file (myscript.desktop) by double clicking, if working fine just drag myscript.desktop file to launcher bar.

Example : a .desktop file containing following code will launch gedit in name of "My Editor"

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name= My Editor
Comment=Edit text files
Exec=gedit
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/debian-logo.png

Note: you can also modify some properties of .desktop file (like command to execute) by right clicking the .desktop file and then go to properties

For a detailed guide, see here


Desktop file icon hijacks every newly opened terminal window

Application windows of one and the same application can in principle only be grouped in one application icon, so all gnome-terminal windows are grouped in one icon. Normally that improves the coherence of the launcher.
A side effect is that if you have your application run in the terminal from a .desktop file, and the terminal window appears under the icon of your application, all terminal windows you open while your application is running are grouped under that same icon of your application, until you close your application.
Unless...
You add a non-sense StartupWMClass= line to your application's .desktop file:
StartupWMClass=Monkey

Then your application will appear under the terminal's icon. New terminal windows will as well.
Note
The effect mentioned above occurs only when the command you run in your application's  Exec= line is the main command of your .desktop file. It does not happen from possible shortcuts you add to an existing launcher.
Since it seems a terminal-only script, another, and probably cleaner solution would therefore be to add the scipt as a shortcut to your existing gnome-terminal launcher (or any other icon that seems appropriate). In that case you would have to replace the line (in a local copy of the gnome-terminal.desktop file):
Actions=New

by:
Actions=New;Myapp;

and add at the bottom of the file:
[Desktop Action MyApp]
Name=MyApp
Exec=gnome-terminal -x bash -c "/usr/local/myAppDir/myApp"
OnlyShowIn=Unity;


How do I prevent these errors from showing up with GNOME keyring?

From this message:

Edit /etc/xdg/autostart/gnome-keyring-pkcs11.desktop.
Find: OnlyShowIn=GNOME;Unity
Append ;XFCE as follows: OnlyShowIn=GNOME;Unity;XFCE
Restart X.

Problem solved.


x-systemd.growfs in fstab Ubuntu Raspiberry pi 4

x-systemd.growfs instructs the system to grow the filesystem to "occupy the full block device" ... so the partition (and filesystem) will be grown into the free space.
I can't see from the description if it will overwrite a partition that is placed after the filesystem you are mounting and growing.
You have two posibillities:

Remove x-systemd.growfs option from /etc/fstab
After resizing the filesystem, define a new partition in that freespace, and eventually make a filesystem in it too. If that partition is overwritten at next boot, you only have option 1)-

I like 1. the best. This is how Linux has worked for ages. But x-systemd.growfs is a nifty tool if you need to grow a filesystem that can't be unmounted (like /), but I will prefere to add it only if it is needed, and remove it after the filesystem has been grown.
You can add noatime at the same place where you deleted x-systemd.growfs I think - it should be a comma separated list of options. But if you show the line from fstab, I can verify if I'm right.


First of all, Ubuntu 11.10 is a Gnome distribution. What button you push to launch an app like Firefox (which is what a shell does, mostly), does not affect the Gnome infrastructure. Seashorse, which is the application you're talking about, is a Gnome application and hence is installed in Ubuntu 11.10.

You were not asked for a password to your keyring when you installed Ubuntu. You were asked for a password for your user account, and that's the one used for the default keyring as well.

Certainly, you do the exact same thing whether you use Unity, Unity 2D, Gnome Shell, xfpanel, or any other shell for Gnome. :)


Found the answer myself using this guide: How To Reset Unity And Compiz In Ubuntu 14.04, 13.10 Or 13.04.

Installed dconf-tools:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Did the reset:

dconf reset -f /org/compiz/

And restart Unity:

setsid unity

And then I rebooted just to be sure.

Finally, you need to re-enable workspaces after the reboot.


The easiest way to run a command with root privileges at reboot is to put it in the root 'cron' using the special time @reboot. To do this, execute the command:

sudo crontab -e

And add a line

@reboot /path/to/myprogram.bin

You could append 2>&1 > /path/to/log_file.txt to send all output and error messages to a log file. By default, outputs from cron jobs are emailed to the root user which tends not to be terribly useful. Or you could configure your server to forward root emails to your own account.


Ubuntu server - How do disable sleep when laptop screen is closed but allow screen to shut off

/etc/systemd/login.conf

"Uncomment" the following keys and change it's values to ignore :

HandleSuspendKey=ignore
HandleLidSwitch=ignore
HandleLidSwitchDocked=ignore

Worked for me even when it's on battery.


ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'distutils.util'

The module not found likely means the packages aren't installed.

sudo apt-get install python3-distutils

sudo apt-get install python3-apt

If they're already installed you can try to fix anything that may have been messed up in the upgrade with...

sudo apt-get install --reinstall package-name


Bug: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at

A NULL pointer deference error is from the kernel and it is highly likely to be a kernel bug, there is no need to re-install. It is hard to answer this question as there is not enough information.  The kernel will emit a lot of debug information that helps kernel developers to determine what is causing this problem.  This information appears on the console (you can switch to that using CtrlAltF1 and back again using CtrlAltF7, or the command:

dmesg

should show the full message.


Why does waking from hibernate take nearly ten minutes on a Dell XPS 15 L502x laptop?

Install the uswsusp package. It compresses the data as it writes it out so the process goes faster. 10 minutes seems a bit extreme though, pointing to a more serious hardware problem.


Is there any way to install CPanel/WHM in ubuntu 13.04 server?

According to cPanel, cPanel/WHM does not support Ubuntu or any Ubuntu derivative.

Current discussions about re-introducing Debian support and adding support for Ubuntu Server LTS can be found on the Feature Request Forum.


A few pointers based on what you've said:

Use make-kpkg! You really don't want to mess around with make install for a kernel. Kernels are fairly huge things you want them in packages where you can quickly go "get rid of this please!" with a quick "apt-get remove".
The "old fashioned way" as described in the Kernel/Compile document is the single best way I know how to compile kernels on Ubuntu with random (non-Ubuntu-specific) sources like Kernel.org.
Skip the make localmodconfig step. It can be useful but more times than not, it just seems to break things (for me).
I wouldn't suggest you configure the entire kernel by yourself. Pull in the latest copy of the Ubuntu configuration and base off that. That will get you a good sane default that you can prune down. When you build the next version just pull the config forward and do a make oldconfig to see if there are any new options (common when jumping between major versions).
If you're building 2.6.38 on Maverick, I suggest you pull back Natty's config. You'll need to download the package from packages.ubuntu.com and extract the config file from its boot folder. I've already asked if there's an easier way of doing this, but there doesn't appear to be.

In short: Just follow the "old fashioned way" to the letter. Once you've built yourself a few packages and you know what you're doing, play around with the formula.


Using a bittorrent client slows down internet connection

The problem, in your case, is probably not the data rate but the number of connections. Many internet gateways can't handle many connections at the same time.

You can Limit your maximum amount of simultaneous connections in the Transmission preferences like so:

Try to keep these values very low at first. 5/10 is a good starting point. And increase them slowly as you find it working.

Note: Especially new torrents can show this behaviour. If you wait until there are enough seeders for a torrent, it'll be slowing down your browsing much less.
Note also: You shouldn't have to limit bandwidth. This is handled by the TCP/IP stack, no problem, in most cases. It tries to schedule packet delivery fairly.


Installation of driver from ati-driver-installer-10-12-x86.x86_64.run

chmod +x ati-driver-installer-10-12-x86.x86_64.run
sudo ./ati-driver-installer-10-12-x86.x86_64.run

you can also try sudo sh ati-driver-installer-10-12-x86.x86_64.run instead of the second line above


Unity 3D or Gnome 3 doesn't work with Intel card (switchable graphics)

Found the solution here: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1930450

It's quite long, so I'm not going to write it out here, just look at the link. My Intel Graphics is working now!


XPS 9370 Upgrade from 17.10 to 18.04 not recognizing intel HD card

For me helped setting i915.alpha_support=1. Try using instuction below:

Run sudo nano /etc/default/grub (you may use whatever editor instead of nano)
Add i915.alpha_support=1 to the existing line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT= after quiet splash.
Run sudo update-grub
Reboot

P.S. My backgound with this problem:

Initially I had a blackscreen after splash, so I had to add nomodeset (afterwards replaced to i915.modeset=0). Doing this I could boot the desktop, but it was rendered by LLVMpipe (software rendering using CPU capabilities).


Broadcom 4331 card sees wireless networks but can't make a connection

I have no experience with a Mac, but my HP Pavilion g6 has a broadcom that behaved like that. Try issuing sudo wlconfig eth1 power off and see if that fixes it. If it works, you need to put that in /etc/init.d/ and /etc/networks/if-up.d/.


I have had a similar problem with both pulseaudio and lost cursor after unlock.  The cursor problem still exists in Xubuntu 16.02 but also lost pulseaudio as you describe. My temporary fix which worked for me was to run "pavucontrol" as root (gksudo) in a terminal. It seems that pavucontrol does not "see" the password from the "lockout" input (don't know the proper terms to use here); but the rest of the xfce4 system does.  I used "light-locker-command --activate" as a keyboard shortcut to fix the missing cursor after unlock. Are they both related and caused by not picking up the proper permissions?  I'm no expert, just have a inquisitive mind. Best, Papa Smuff!


Booting Ubuntu 14 on Samsung laptop. rEFInd does not see the hard drive

I have had the same problem, and you have to do this from then terminal:

      sudo apt-get install linux-amd64_ linux-efi
      sudo apt-get update
      sudo apt-get upgrade
      sudo apt-get install -f
      sudo apt-get install aptitude
      sudo aptitude linux-efi

and it might work fine this way.


How to increase the disk space of an Ubuntu VMWare guest, without the cd?

You don't need an actual CD. Just get the .iso image from http://www.ubuntu.com/download.

Mount the .iso in the virtual machine.
Start the virtual machine and make sure to boot from the CD.
Select "Try Ubuntu".
Open the Unity dash and launch "GParted". It can be used to resize the partition.


GParted - can`t shrink physical volume (pvresize fails)

Ok, so after a whole afternoon and part of my evening I found what was going on.

pvresize was changed last year and now it prompts for confirmation when you want to resize a PV to a smaller size than the device it's in
apparently GParted wasn't updated yet, as it will fail when trying to resize a partition as it answers NO to the prompt
as GParted won't run pvresize successfully, it won't calculate blocks and run fdisk after it (just became clear to me after reading this post)

Maybe this bug only happens with newer versions of pvresize (as I'm trying Ubuntu 18.04 it would make sense).


Will applications for Ubuntu Touch have the same look as the Desktop version?

They should have similar look, but with more screen space and mouse+keyboard inputs it would be better to make slight changes to make better use of those.  Take the File Manager for example, on a desktop with more screen space it will show the Places list in a side panel, while on a phone the Places are accessed via a popup from a toolbar button.


Some keys are not detected in my keyboard (multimedia keys?) by either xev or xbindkeys or keytouch: how to detect them?

You may need acpi support

sudo apt-get install acpi acpi-support acpica-tools acpid acpidump acpitail acpitool libacpi0 laptop-detect pommed

Beyond installing the above packages, I finally fixed this issue on my laptop by uninstalling the toshet package after discovering my specific model was not compatible or supported by the toshet application. I doubt you have toshet installed but you can check to see by typing the following command:

dpkg -l | grep toshet

There should be no output if toshet is not installed. If it is listed in the subsequent output of that command, you can uninstall it by typing the following:

sudo apt-get purge toshet


How to edit the highest parent directory of a path while navigating

Hmm... you could change ~ to / like this...

echo $(pwd | sed "s#^$HOME##")

(Replace echo with cd to move)

You could alias it if it's something you're often doing, due to having many similar paths in home and root

alias cdroot='cd $(pwd | sed "s#^$HOME##")'

Add to the end of your ~/.bashrc to use any time...

Or make a simple bash function (add to ~/.bashrc) to check whether we are in ~ and toggle from root to home and back:

function cdroot() {
[[ $PWD =~ $HOME* ]] && cd $(pwd | sed "s#^$HOME##") ||
cd $(pwd | sed "s#^#$HOME#")
}

usage demonstration:

zanna@toaster:~/var/log/apt$ cdroot
zanna@toaster:/var/log/apt$ cdroot
zanna@toaster:~/var/log/apt$


What apps to remove from startup to make ubuntu boot faster?

A lot of the startup apps are now hidden.

Open a terminal and type:

sudo sed -i "s/NoDisplay=true/NoDisplay=false/g" /etc/xdg/autostart/*.desktop

Open startup applications:

NOTE: Don't uncheck/disable what you don't know.


How can i mount my galaxy s4 on ubuntu 12.04

Upgrade to 13.04.

Android has moved away from supporting USB mass storage mode, whereby the phone looks like a USB disk drive, and now requires the use of the MTP protocol to transfer files.  This wasn't properly supported in 12.04, but is in 13.04.


ZFS fails to import zpool after reboot, some devices "UNAVAIL" - but devices are present

I should have paid more attention to the error message that "one or more devices are already in use". It turns out that a number of these drives were previously part of a mdadm array (many thanks Matt Sieker), so the kernel was stealing those drives away from ZFS before ZFS could attempt to import. Guess I'm going to be removing those drives from the array one by one, zeroing the mdadm superblocks, and then reimporting.

cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md3 : inactive sde1[1](S) sdb1[6](S) sdh1[0](S) sdg1[2](S) sdf1[5](S)
      19534432357 blocks super 1.2

md127 : inactive sdc1[6](S)
      2930134471 blocks super 1.2


First, find out what package the df command comes from. This will turn out to be coreutils.

Then run the command

apt-get source coreutils

to get the source code for the package containing the df command.


Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS - Unable to change IPv4 settings duing setup


What does this mean exactly?

Your activities are recorded in order to better understand how you are using your system. Using this extensive knowledge, the performance of the system can be improved considerably.

For example, knowing which application you launcher when you start your computer would help the system to pre-launch the application in the future, etc.

  Which activities are being recorded?

Activities like viewing and editing audio, video, documents, notes, images, conversations in Empathy, emails, music played are all recorded. Not just the activity itself, but how you carried out the activity are also recorded.

In the case of listening to music, how you played the song will be recorded including whether you launched it from Unity dash, Nautilus or from Rhythmbox, etc.

I would believe the Zeitgeist team is working on adding more plugins for recording more activities like the commands used in terminal, websites visited, etc.

  Where can I find the recorded data?

Your activity data is stored in ~/.local/share/zeitgeist.

You can use gnome-activity-journal  to view the recorded activities in a human friendly way.

We have an extensive tag wiki about zeitgeist that explains how Zeitgeist works and how it is useful on the whole among other things.


Can't get OpenGL to work, Games crash on launch, AMD Radeon 6670, Issues with driver?

This problem is caused by the Steam's old bundled version of libstdc++.

Possible solutions:

(from https://github.com/ValveSoftware/steam-for-linux/issues/3273) Redirect steam runtime's symlink for libstdc++.so.6 to the systems. Replace XX with the version of your system's libstdc++.
You need to update this when libstdc++ is updated.

$ ln -sf /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.XX ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6

(from http://chapeaulinux.org/forums/topic/steam-not-working-in-chapeau-22/) Preload the system's libstdc++ before running steam.

$ LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 ; steam

The last solution can also be put in a script:

sudo mv /usr/bin/steam /usr/bin/steam.orig
echo -e '#!/bin/sh\nexport LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6\n. /usr/bin/steam.orig $*'>~/mysteam
chmod +x ~/mysteam
sudo ln -s ~/mysteam /usr/bin/steam

(from search for how-to-fix-broken-steam-linux-client-with-radeon-graphics-driver-workaround/) Create a script to run steam with the system's version of libstdc++.

#!/bin/bash
export LD_PRELOAD='/usr/$LIB/libstdc++.so.6' #Export so all child    processes are affected as well
export DISPLAY=:0
#export LIBGL_DEBUG=verbose
steam

Save this as e.g. run-steam.sh. You must start steam through this script.


How can I allow a specific standard user in Ubuntu 11.10 to mount a specific NTFS file system?

You could create a command line to mount the partition into a script, than grant that user the privilege to run the script with sudo. For example

#!/bin/sh
# Filename: /usr/local/bin/mount-win

mount -o uid=john,gid=john /dev/sda1 /media/win

then

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/mount-win

in /etc/sudoers add the line

john ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/local/bin/mount-win

where john is the standard user's username.

For ease of use, you can create a launcher for the script with a line

Exec=gksu /usr/local/bin/mount-win


tree
It seems tree is very fast at producing a list of all file paths. With SSH, and in the context of your script, a command could look like this
ssh user@host "tree -if --noreport /your/base/directory" > /tmp/tree.output

-i to have this batch-like output instead of the neat graphical tree
-f to print the full path prefix for each line
--noreport to cut off the last two lines since tree appends an empty line and a summary of files/directories found
The output would look like this
/var
/var/backups
/var/backups/alternatives.tar.0
/var/backups/alternatives.tar.1.gz
/var/backups/apt.extended_states.0
/var/backups/apt.extended_states.1.gz
/var/backups/apt.extended_states.2.gz
/var/backups/aptitude.pkgstates.0
/var/backups/dpkg.arch.0
/var/backups/dpkg.arch.1.gz

You might want to have a look at the manpage here, to see some options on how symbolic links are displayed with -l, etc

find
find could also be used for the same purpose
ssh user@host "find /your/base/directory" > /tmp/find.output

again, you might want to check how you deal with symbolic links in the man page.
With find you can also granulate in regards to types of files, patterns, depth etc...


Lubuntu 20.04 - Super+Left shortcut is not functional where other direction work

I've posted on discourse.ubuntu.me, and finally found the answer :
https://discourse.lubuntu.me/t/how-to-resize-windows-using-hot-keys-to-fill-50-of-the-screen/1189 :

  The instruction <keybind key="W-Right"> was not working. I had to use <keybind key="Super-Right"> instead. In my first message, I was mixing Super and W. For some reason, the 2 keys are not the same.


Netbeans IDE unusable under Ubuntu 16.04

Netbeans v8.x doesn't run with Java 9, but with Java 8 (or lower) only.
(This is because Oracle unfortunately broke compatibility between Java 8 and Java 9.)
Netbeans 9 does run with Java 9, but Netbeans 9 is still alpha/beta status, not full version yet.

So you could either:

a) use Java 8 to run your Netbeans 8.x
b) use Netbeans 9 alpha/beta to run with your Java 9.

Ad a) From Oracle you could download a Java 8 for Linux, untar it and use it for Netbeans 8.

Ad b) On the Netbeans' download page you could on the top right switch to "Development" and then download a nightly build which normally is Netbeans 9 alpha/beta. But please be aware about the alpha/beta status, i.e. bugs.


input/output error when copy or link a file containing escape characters from home directory to a nfs system

Edit: @AllenZhang : I completely misunderstood your question by reading all nfs's in your question text as NTFS. However, the problem may still be related to NTFS in case that your nfs server is a Windows machine.

Some characters (including " * / : < > ? \ |) are not allowed in file names in an NTFS partition. See Wikipedia Filename topic. Your problem is related to : (the colon) character. You have to replace it with another character while copying.

As a demo, look at the following commands ran on an NTFS volume:

$ touch met_em.d03.2013-01-02_12:00:00.nc
touch: setting times of 'met_em.d03.2013-01-02_12:00:00.nc': No such file or directory
$ ls met_em.d03.2013-01-02_12:00:00.nc
ls: cannot access 'met_em.d03.2013-01-02_12:00:00.nc': No such file or directory
$ df .
Filesystem     1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdc1      312568640 264057464  48511176  85% /media/my_user/WD_300GB
$ blkid /dev/sdc1
/dev/sdc1: LABEL="WD_300GB" UUID="2E584CDC584CA505" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="0015bef7-01"
$ sudo file -sL /dev/sdc1
/dev/sdc1: DOS/MBR boot sector, code offset 0x52+2, OEM-ID "NTFS    ", sectors/cluster 8, Media descriptor 0xf8, sectors/track 63, heads 255, hidden sectors 63, dos < 4.0 BootSector (0x80), FAT (1Y bit by descriptor); NTFS, sectors/track 63, sectors 625137281, $MFT start cluster 786432, $MFTMirror start cluster 39071080, bytes/RecordSegment 2^(-1*246), clusters/index block 1, serial number 02e584cdc584ca505; containsMicrosoft Windows XP/VISTA bootloader NTLDR

Compare it with commands ran on an ext4 volume:

$ cd
$ touch met_em.d03.2013-01-02_12:00:00.nc
$ ls  met_em.d03.2013-01-02_12:00:00.nc
met_em.d03.2013-01-02_12:00:00.nc
$ df .
Filesystem     1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda       479670976 130386736 324848528  29% /home
$ blkid /dev/sda
/dev/sda: LABEL="home filesystem" UUID="91ee80e9-39bc-4521-bd48-46136744435b" TYPE="ext4"
$ sudo file -sL /dev/sda
/dev/sda: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data, UUID=91ee80e9-39bc-4521-bd48-46136744435b, volume name "home filesystem" (needs journal recovery) (extents) (64bit) (large files) (huge files)

Going back to our NTFS volume:

$ touch $(echo met_em.d03.2013-01-02_12:00:00.nc | tr ':' '-')
$ ls
met_em.d03.2013-01-02_12-00-00.nc

So, if you want to copy some files from a directory to your NTFS (or nfs) volume, you can use this script, which will replace all colons (:) with underscore (_) characters, while copying:

#!/bin/bash
destination=./your_nfs_directory
for fn in "$@" ; do
  newfn=$(basename "$fn")
  cp -iv "$fn" "${destination}/${newfn//:/_}"
done

Don't forget to replace your real destination nfs directory in the line starting with destination=. The script may be used like the following example:

./script_name ./2013*/*2013-01*

If your file names contain other non-allowed characters, you have to update it to take care of them also.

Note: I remounted the NTFS volume by hand. I suppose this skips some special mount options for Windows compatibility. This time I was able to create a file with a : in it:

$ cd
$ sudo umount /dev/sdc1
$ mkdir /tmp/mountpoint
$ sudo mount /dev/sdc1 /tmp/mountpoint
$ cd /tmp/mountpoint
$ touch met_em.d03.2013-01-02_12:00:00.nc
$ ls
met_em.d03.2013-01-02_12:00:00.nc


Input language switching keys only accept shift-alt instead of alt-shift

If it's only happening on your netbook, the issue is probably an incorrect keymap. Low-level tools for examining a keyboard include xkeycaps and showkey; this should at least tell you what keycodes are getting generated.

At a guess, you may the Alt key mapped as AltGr or a dead key; in that case the use of Shift first might be modifying it back to an Alt key. If that was the case however you would typically see this behaviour with only the left or right Alt (I've never seen a keymap with two AltGr keys).


the content of the xrdp.service and xrdp-sesman.service files that control xrdp sessions does not seems to reflect the correct information about path locations for executable files and Environment.  To solve the issue, we delete the xrdp.service and xrdp-sesman.service files from the /lib/systemd/system folder.

Reboot Ubuntu and check to insure that the xrdp service is running properly with the command sudo systemctl status xrdp and confirm that the service is marked as active.

This answer is in response to the question asked and is in no way intended to answer unrelated questions regarding broken packages.

Source:

http://c-nergy.be/blog/?p=8316


Desktop dims when Thunderbird and Firefox are launched

Why dimming?
The window dims because of a compiz setting , which dims the windows of programs which are not responding.
You can change the setting, if you have compizconfig-settings-manager installed.
Open it and go to Fading Window plugin. There is a settings named Dim unresponsive windows. Uncheck the setting if you don't want the dimming. But I don't recommend it, since it tells you which program is not responding.

Why Not responding?
The application may seem to be not responding while starting up sometimes. Mostly it happens when it does some background activities, such as fetching settings, loading files and trying to connect to the Internet etc.
I think, the most likely cause in your case is, You get large number of new messages in your email account everyday and thunderbird was trying to fetch those emails. But It is not a big problem since it quickly becomes responsive after the operation. It may also related with your Internet connection speed, which may be slowing down fetching and syncing information with your email account.


How do i use the grep command in a different directory with out using cd

You can provide absolute path or relative path of the file. Absolute path generally starts with the root of the file system hierarchy, i.e., / and relative path starts with the name of sub-directory in the current directory that contains the files.

Absolute paths are ideal when you're currently in different hierarchy. For example, when I'm currently in $HOME/Desktop and I want to access files from c in /mnt, then I'll use absolute path, i.e., /mnt/c. On the other hand, relative paths are ideal if the folder you want to search in is in the current directory or the subdirectory of the current directory. When you use file.txt, you're actually using relative path.

If a pattern is to be searched in all the files in some directory, * can be used in shells which supports glob or alternatively, -r option of grep can be used which would search in all files in the directory recursively. For example:

grep -r pattern /absolute/path/of/the/file

Or if the symlinks are to be ignored, -R can be used

grep -R pattern /absolute/path/of/the/file


How to customise GNOME default background and lock screen image?

your approach of copying the images to /usr/share/backgrounds/ and editing /usr/share/gnome-background-properties/ubuntu-wallpapers.xml will allow you to show them in Settings-->Bakcground-->Wallpapers and Settings-->Lock Screen-->Wallpapers

but the gsettings for these two are set to warty-final-ubuntu.png

$ gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri
'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/warty-final-ubuntu.png'
$ gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.screensaver picture-uri
'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/warty-final-ubuntu.png'
maduri@i7-4770U:~$

So, you need to compile these values after editing /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/10_ubuntu-settings.gschema.override file.

Run the command sudo nano /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/10_ubuntu-settings.gschema.override and edit the content for background and screensavers as below, changing to your actual image paths:

[org.gnome.desktop.background]
picture-uri = 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/warty-final-ubuntu.png'

[org.gnome.desktop.screensaver]
picture-uri = 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/warty-final-ubuntu.png'

Save the changes and run this command to compile the schemas:

sudo glib-compile-schemas /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/

Now you can check the gsettings value for these two wallpapers

gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri
gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.screensaver picture-uri

you are done. Restart the computer for the changes to take effect.

Please have a look of below Images which are self explanatory as I did it personally with Ubuntu 18.04.2 ISO with Ubuntu 18.04.2 as my OS

Booted with live USB and the resulting pictures are


Why is my OpenGL version stuck at 3.0 despite new hardware & software?

Short answer: Your OpenGL version in not stuck at 3.0. The "OpenGL core profile version string" line displays your supported OpenGL as "4.3".

More detailed explanation: This complicated versioning is related to changes done in OpenGL version 3.0, up to which all OpenGL versions were fully backwards compatible. Starting from OpenGL version 3.0 some features were marked as deprecated, and newer drivers don't necessarily have to support them to be OpenGL 3.1+ compatible.

To make it possible for OpenGL drivers to support deprecated functions while also being fully compatible with versions 3.1+, OpenGL introduced "core" and "compatible" profiles.

Basically, if you run an application in the context of the "compatible" profile, you are guaranteed to have access to all OpenGL capabilities up to a particular version including all the deprecated functions. This is not the case when running an application in the context of "core" profile.

My speculation is that, for context-unaware applications, the OpenGL version might be purposefully reported as 3.0 for maximum compatibility. This is were environment variables like MESA_GL_VERSION_OVERRIDE=4.3 come in handy.

For more information: OpenGL Context


Unable to completely uninstall standalone app called Etcher from Ubuntu

If you click "yes" to that message, a file called appimagekit-Etcher.desktop (or similar) is created in the following location:

/home/<username>/.local/share/applications/

To completely remove Etcher you have to remove the etcher .AppImage file as you described, and you should also remove this .desktop file. To do this, run the command:

rm /home/<username>/.local/share/applications/appimagekit-Etcher.desktop

replacing  with the actual name of your home directory. Optionally, you can remove only this file if you just want to see the message again.


Why this script blocking browsing of any website after running it?

when i run this script on my ubuntu machine i am unable to browse any
  website from the browsers. any idea why ?

Yes. I wrote the original version of that iptables rule set script for a specific application for a specific server. That the server be able to use a web client was not a requirement, nor considered. However, it should work fine. As someone mentioned in the comments, you need to set your interface name and IP address and such.


Set graphics to only use one third of a screen

This answer by Tim Kennedy on Unix & Linux seems solid.

  Check out: http://howto-pages.org/ModeLines/ , they have a good
  explanation of Xorg modelines.  Then go to
  http://xtiming.sourceforge.net/cgi-bin/xtiming.pl and input the specs
  for the size of the screen that you can use.  This will give you a
  Modeline that you can add to your xorg.conf file.

  Fields 4, 5, 6, & 7 correspond to the following valudes:  HDisplay
  HSyncStart HSyncEnd HTotal.

  By playing with fields 5 & 6, you'll be able to move the visible
  portion of your screen either left or right, depending on which you
  need.

It seems to not apply to the TTYs though.


Ubuntu 16.04 and [AMD/ATI] Thames [Radeon HD 7550M/7570M/7650M] fan active most of the time

See my recent post on configuring DPM:
https://askubuntu.com/a/825149/594936

Perhaps yours is not choosing the "Battery" profile (possibly due to the driver not having an exact devid match for your chipset, and it's mapping to a more generic bios, i.e. a desktop version of the chip).  The commands/tools referenced above should help you figure that out.


Output of tail -n 40 /var/log/apt/history.log:

  cannot open '/var/log/apt/history.log.' for reading: No such file or directory

Anyway, searching in other forums I found out. that many users had this problem.

The solution was: restart unity-panel-service

I still wonder, why a simple reboot was not enough.


(/proc/kcore) What is this magical file which can somehow take up 140.7 TB on a 500 GB HDD?

This file is not as big as the amount of RAM installed in your system but instead it is as big as the address space that Linux could potentually address at max.

This doesn't mean that this file uses any actual space at all, it is just a virtual file presented by the Linux kernel, as are all files in the /proc tree.

You can find a more detailed description regarding the address space in this post.


Ubuntu project files and directories documentation

From what I could understand, you want to know about Ubuntu itself and not the repositories.

An installation of Ubuntu uses the most common directory structure for Linux-based operating systems, the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard. Its official documentation can be found in:

http://www.pathname.com/fhs/

If you don't need much more than basic information, though, the Wikipedia article on FHS might be a quicker introduction:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filesystem_Hierarchy_Standard

If instead of an installation you are talking about source code, Ubuntu has no such thing as a single directory structure. This is because Ubuntu is a huge, modular collection of several different softwares, each one with its own structure.

In other words, you can't find what you are looking for unless you are more specific: "directory structure of the kernel", "directory structure of the file manager", "directory structure of the music player", "directory structure of the web browser", and so on.


printer installation kyocera taskalfa 1800

so Manoj; I would suggest

1) open a terminal; ....... please ask how to if you do not know ..
2) paste these commands
3) cd Desktop         .as that is where you say you downloaded the big file to ? next command asks the system to LIST what is there so it is ls

...... can you tell us if Linux_TASKalfa1...200_v8.1305.zip is there please?

.. if it is, then paste these commands into the terminal; one by one;

unzip Linux_TASKalfa1...200_v8.1305.zip

then cd Linux/64bit/Global

then tar -zxvf English.tar.gz

and then ./English/install.sh and that should do the work for you


Not able to import any python library in ubuntu 20.04

Some modules need to be installed with apt or, say, synaptic.

$ sudo apt-get install python3-numpy

Worked for me at least for numpy:

$ python3
Python 3.8.2 (default, Mar 13 2020, 10:14:16)
[GCC 9.3.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import numpy as np
>>> np.pi
3.141592653589793
>>> exit()

By the way, we have different versions of python and gcc...


How do I get Java plugin working on Google Chrome?

You cannot get Java to work on Chrome 35. Its because of the removal of the older plugin NPAPI.
I have raised a bug report. Awaiting a proper response from the devs.
The bug report is here: https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=375909.
You can try and follow the thread for this discussion here: https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/forum/#!topic/chromium-dev/xEbgvWE7wMk

UPDATE
Looks like we are going to be stuck here for quite a while. My bug report was merged into the parent bug and it's been set as won't fix. Here it is : https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=363053

UPDATE2
A relevant question was posted to Oracle. Not much traction. You guys can start a discussion on that thread. Go here: https://community.oracle.com/thread/3511913

To all of you: To keep Chrome functioning, please downgrade your GOogle Chrome to 34. You can download the deb here: http://mirror.pcbeta.com/google/chrome/deb/pool/main/g/google-chrome-stable/.
Then use synaptic package manager or use the commandline to lock upgrades for google-chrome-stable package. Chrome 34 doesn't have any glaring bugs, so you can use it safely for the next 3 months. I am hoping by that time some patch will be added.


Can't install libpcre3-dev on Ubuntu 20.04 focal

You have to install packages with versions specified:

sudo apt-get install libpcre3=2:8.39-12build1 libpcre3-dev=2:8.39-12build1

This happened because of the following: some time ago you have installed libpcre3 from PPA, but the PPA is now removed or disabled.


Why I saw the message Don't unplug until it finished

the progress bar shows the work of application in charge of copy paste, the Applications's job is to Read the file(s) and tell OS to write them to destination , however if the Read Speed is faster than Write speed (in your case speed of External hard drive is slower than internal one) there is a chance that slower device falls behind. in that case what should be written in it goes to a queue. the warning you saw just says this Queue (IO operations that needs to be done) is not empty.

the same thing is there in Windows too , thats why you have to safely Remove Removable drives before detaching them. so some file won't be half written (and get unusable/corrupt later on due to this)

Related: https://askubuntu.com/a/558207/148011


Ubuntu 15.10: multiple monitors do not work within VMware

I have had the same issue, but solved it by removing the vmware-tools, and installing open-vm-tools:

sudo vmware-uninstall-tools.pl
sudo apt-get install open-vm-tools-desktop

and then rebooting.  Hope that helps.


If you're getting worse quality, it's probably because you're using the -b flag incorrectly. It used to refer to just video bitrate, but with the recent ffmpeg/avconv syntax overhaul, it now refers to overall bitrate. So the first pass is telling avconv that it has 800kbit/s to play with for the video, but the second pass is telling it that it has (800-128)=672kbit/s to work with.

What the first pass does is create a sort of roadmap for the second pass to take advantage of - this place is an action scene, it needs a higher bitrate; this is a slow conversation, it needs less - that sort of thing. Because it's working with incorrect information, the roadmap is incorrect.

Use -b:v instead (and -b:a instead of -ab), like so:

avconv -y -i video.mpg -s 640x360 -pass 1 -threads auto -c:v libxvid -b:v 672k -r 24 -f avi -an /dev/null
avconv -i video.mpg -s 640x360 -pass 2 -threads auto -c:v libxvid -b:v 672k -r 24 -g 300 -bf 2 -c:a libmp3lame -ac 2 -b:a 128k -ar 48000 video.avi

Also, a lot of those options are possibly unnecessary, as avconv will use the same options the input has. Unless you're resizing the video, omit the -s 640x360 bit. Likewise, unless you need to change the framerate, omit the -r 24, and unless you really need to change the sampling rate, omit the -ar 48000. Obviously, if you know that you need them, leave them in.


cannot change screen size from 640x480 after 14.04 installation on VirtualBox OSX

Independently of your installed version of VirtualBox you should install the latest version of the VirtualBox Guest Additions into your Ubuntu-Guest. You can get it from the Ubuntu-Software-Repository.

Startup your guest and hit Ctrl+Alt+T to open a terminal session. Type

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-dkms

to install the latest package. Restart the VM and enjoy screen-size.


How to remove disabled (unused) snap packages with a single line of command?

I'll look into adding this sometime soon (as a 20% thing). Meanwhile, you could drop

#!/bin/sh
set -eu

snap list --all | awk '/disabled/{print $1, $3}' |
    while read snapname revision; do
        snap remove "$snapname" --revision="$revision"
    done

into a shell script and run that.


Failed to restart postgresql.service: Unit postgresql.service is masked

Ubuntu 15.04 and earlier used upstart. Upstart uses the service command to handle services. As of 16.04 Ubuntu is using systemd. Any service commands you use get remapped to systemctl commands. Systemd provides more functionality than upstart, including the ability to mask a service so that it cannot be started. Masking a service (from what I understand) essentially symlinks it to /dev/null. You should be able to unmask and restart the service with the following commands.

systemctl unmask postgresql
systemctl restart postgresql


Remove configuration files of Déjà Dup, purge not working

deja-dup stores its settings in gsettings keys. You can see and modify them in dconf-editor. The reason purging doesn't remove the settings is because deja-dup is a classic snap, so the configuration isn't in a purge-able place.


Is it possible to upgrade from 13.10 to 14.04 over FTP

Edit your sources file pointing to ftp instead of http
Use following command to edit your configuration:

sudoedit /etc/apt/sources.list

In most cases its enough to change http:// in every line to ftp:// but I would strongly encourage to make a backup copy of sources.list first. Also I would check is ftp connection available on your repository server. Simply get a URL from sources file, change http:// to ftp:// and paste into your web browser.


Kubuntu 19.10: Ark can't open some zip files

I tried to open it from Dolphin, Nemo, PCmanFM, Thunar using Arc and error appears.

But there's no error while trying to open this zip file using Engrampa archive manager.

Plugins that are installed and enabled in arc are: Bzip2, Gzip, Info-zip, Libarchive, Libzip, LZMA, P7zip, RAR, The Unarchiver

Other zip archives could be opened by Arc. But not this one.

It seems this file has a little different structure Arc could not understand.

As a temporary solution, as you said, Dolphin could be used to open archives as folders or engrampa archive manager could be used instead of Arc:

$ sudo apt install engrampa

File example


you should check out this recent question and answer regarding boot-repair:
Windows 10 upgrade led to grub rescue

If that doesn't work, you could try replacing grub with the Windows bootloader like this guy:

  None of the answers here worked for me in re-installing the Windows 7
  bootloader.

  I tried starting with a recovery disk (USB, in my case), and
  diagnosing startup problems, but no luck.

  Then I opened the console in recovery mode and ran

  Bootrec.exe /FixMbr

  Bootrec.exe /FixBoot

  and then restarted.

  Reference: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/927392


How do I reinstall python on my Ubuntu 12.04 server using apt-get?

Purge it and then install again

sudo dpkg -P python2.7
sudo apt-get install python2.7


Create record of bash-commands and its properties

Here's how I would do it:

Create a bash script. Use this bash script to log and execute your bash-commands. for example, create a file log.sh like this:

#!/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/path/to/your/logfile.log
touch $LOGFILE
exec 3>&1 4>&2
trap 'exec 2>&4 1>&3' 0 1 2 3 RETURN
exec 1>>$LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "### log command ###"
echo "# start time: $(date)"
echo "# pwd: $(pwd)"
echo "# command: $@"
echo "# output: "
$@
echo "# end time: $(date)"
echo "###################"
exit 0

Now you can execute your bash-commands like this for example ./log.sh df -h.

It will create a log file, add time comments and redirect all stdout and stderr for your entered command to that file.

Later you can parse your log file and create a database from it.


Without addressing the .so file (see my question above), I believe you'll need to play with the "organize" and "environment" options a bit:

name: testsnap
version: '0.1'
summary: Single-line elevator pitch for your amazing snap
description: Some description

grade: devel
confinement: devmode

apps:
  test1:
    command: usr/local/bin/test1
    environment:
      LD_LIBRARY_PATH: ${SNAP}/usr/local/lib

parts:
  test1:
    plugin: dump
    source: .
    stage-packages: [libsocketcan-dev]
    organize:
      snap/test1 : usr/local/bin/test1
      snap/test.so : usr/local/lib/test.so


Okay, your question asks several things so I will try and address them individually.

1. Do I need to format the HDD as NFS (or other type?? - and how do I do that)

No - you can format the hard drive (in Ubuntu) to anything you like. NTFS, FAT, exFAT, ext3/ext4 are all fine and will work when sharing files over the network, because the network "client" (your Ubuntu server being the network "server") will never see that filesystem. The file transfer/sharing protocol you choose will bridge the server and client filesystems; your Windows clients will never have to interact directly with the Ubuntu filesystem.

2. How do I share the folders over the local network with Windows PCs?

The easiest and most straightforward way to share files from Ubuntu over the network with Windows clients is to use samba. There is a great guide on the Ubuntu community wiki on how to create a samba network share, user and get started serving files. The only part that would differ, with your client being Windows and not Linux, would be #8 - you would type \\<your Ubuntu server IP>\<your share name> into Windows Explorer; this would connect to your samba share.

Samba is good with Windows clients because Windows support samba natively and doesn't require any extra software and minimal configuration on the client. However, given your third question, you may want to read on before setting off down the samba route..

3. How do I share the folders over the internet (another user)?

Sharing files over the internet can be done with samba, but it really isn't secure enough or designed for use over internet connections. Instead, consider something like Nextcloud to provide a safe, secure gateway to files on your home network. This too can be hosted on Ubuntu (guide here) and can, in theory, be used to share files with Windows clients too. It isn't as graceful nor as easy to setup on Windows as samba (Nextcloud has a client you download, install and link to your server) it is still very straightforward and easy to use.


Nvidia 520MX graphics card on Asus K53SC

13.10 comes with official bumblebee support. Go to software center and search bumblebee.

After installing this click in more info and check all 3 add-ons then click apply changes.
After that your bumblebee is installed with nvidia driver.

Now If you want to configure Bumblebee indicator then Follow these:

Install Git:

sudo apt-get install git

Make a directory for git:

mkdir git and cd git

Check out the repository:

git clone https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/bumblebee-ui.git
cd bumblebee-ui
sudo ./INSTALL

Go to Startup Applications and add /usr/local/bin/bumblebee-indicator

Now reboot again.