Shifting from Windows 7 to Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS

I got 3 partitions, two are 390gb each ntfs & one is 149 gb ntfs where Windows is installed, now i want to install Ubuntu on 149gb partition but I don't want to even touch the other twos,

This is certainly possible, and it's a reasonable short-term course of action; however:

There's always the risk of accidentally damaging or destroying one or both of those partitions, because of user error, a bug, a hardware failure, etc. Back up important user data before proceeding!!
In the long term, using NTFS on a Linux-only system is unwise. Linux lacks NTFS repair tools, so the moment you do an unclean shutdown or the filesystem develops a fault, you won't be able to fix it except by booting a Windows emergency disk. Furthermore, the way Ubuntu provides read/write access to NTFS is through a driver that's slow, compared to the standard Linux filesystem drivers.

Thus, I recommend you develop a plan to migrate entirely to ext4fs (or some other Linux filesystem, such as XFS or Btrfs). You have plenty of space in which to do this, so the only question is how. Generally, Linux users store all their data in their home directories under /home, so one possibility would be to create a ~30GiB root (/) partition, a ~5GiB swap partition (see below), and a /home partition in the space occupied by your Windows C: partition, then copy the data over from D: to /home, delete D:, expand /home, and repeat for E:. This might be a tight fit, so you might need to temporarily move some stuff from D: to E:, but this is probably the way to go. (In fact, you might want to move stuff from D: to E: in Windows before you wipe it. That will give you the option of deleting D: from the start, and moving those files in Windows will be slightly safer than moving them in Ubuntu, should that be necessary.) You could modify this plan in various ways if you wanted.

  now if I format my 149gb partition, I will use ext4 and i will use " / " as a mount point and will select primary, but there is another option "Location for new partition"

  Question: which option should I select ? beginning or end ? and explain them please :

The beginning/end question is relevant only if you create a partition that's smaller than the available free space; it tells the partitioner whether to put that new partition at the beginning or end of the free space, leaving the remaining free space after or before, respectively, the new partition.

Note that for the migration plan I've proposed, it's important that the /home partition fall at the end of the initial Ubuntu space, so that it can be easily expanded into the space used by your current D: and E: partitions.

  After it, I will create another partition for swap, how much should I give it ?

Traditionally, swap space has been about twice your RAM. These days it's rare to need that much swap space. The most common use for lots of swap space is if you use a computer's suspend-to-disk feature, in which case you need at least as much swap space as you have RAM. That's why I suggested ~5GiB of swap space; with 4GiB of RAM, that gives you a little margin for error when specifying the size and you'll still be able to suspend to disk. If you don't plan to ever suspend to disk, you can get by with even less swap space. Some people don't use any at all, although I don't recommend going to that extreme because the kernel can use swap space to optimize performance if your RAM needs rise and then fall back down.

  and after i successfully install ubuntu, how im gonna install these drivers ?

  intel HD graphics / realtek HD audio manager / etc etc

You don't normally need to worry about that; the Linux kernel and related tools (such as Xorg) include drivers. You only need to install extra drivers if you've got bleeding-edge hardware or if you want advanced features available in manufacturer-provided drivers for some hardware, such as ATI/AMD or Nvidia video cards.

  NOTE: there was a drivers cd with my motherboard box, will it run on linux ?

It might include Linux drivers; but if so, they're probably just older versions of drivers that come with Ubuntu already, so you might as well put that drivers CD in the circular file.


Can't run QML app with C++ plugin (cmake) in emulator

The problem is not in building, but that your emulator doesn't have the 15.04 framework on it.  You might try downloading a newer emulator image, but I'm not sure if the 15.04 framework has made it onto them yet.

The --force-missing-framework option is meant for the install command running on the emulator, not your build command.  If you copy your click package over to the emulator, you may be able to install it with the command sudo click install --force-missing-framework --user=$USER *.click.  (I believe this method is deprecated in favor of using pkcon, but that doesn't seem to have this option.)

But before you go through any of this trouble, do you need the newest framework?  (Note that, if you're using qmake, you do need 15.04.  In that case, ignore the following.)  For right now, your best bet may be to temporarily move your project to the 14.10 framework.


How do I change key bindings in Lubuntu? (e.g. to lock screen with Super-L instead of Ctrl-Alt-L)

If you want to do modifications to your keybinding in Lubuntu than have a look into less ~/.config/openbox/lubuntu-rc.xml There you will find all the present key-bindings.


How to create Chrome/Chromium web application desktop shortcut?

After some research on the internet I found how to create web apps desktop short cuts for Google Chrome/Chromium web browser in Ubuntu 12.10.

1. Install the application you want from Chrome Webstore and right click on the app icon and select create desktop short-cut.

2. It will creates a desktop short-cut and it will not work on Ubuntu 12.10, we need to edit the
    **chrome-applicationid here-Default.desktop like file**

3. Open the file using Gedit using this command

~$ gedit Desktop/chrome-aknpkdffaafgjchaibgeefbgmgeghloj-Default.desktop

(change the file name to yours application ID)

4. It will open the Gedit text editor and you will need to change first two lines of the text

#!/usr/bin/env xdg-open[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0

to

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8

5. Finally save the changes and you will be noticed the change of icon in the desktop and double click on it to run.

Time for playing Angry Birds!


Why does opera keep asking me if I want to make it my default browser when it already is?

It's a bug in xdg-settings, a fix has been released. You will just have to wait.

Source: https://forums.opera.com/discussion/1869763/opera-keeps-asking-if-i-want-to-set-it-up-as-default-browser


How to enable window compositing (Compiz) in Ubuntu MATE?

Yes, it is possible.

One should:

open mate-tweak (System->Preferences->Look and Feel->MATE Tweak)
go to Windows tab
in Window manager area switch Select a window manager to Compiz (Advanced GPU accelerated desktop effects) as shown on screenshot below:

Other options are:

Marco (No compositor)
Marco (Software compositor)
Marco (Compton GPU compositor)

Note: you can switch back to Marco (No compositor) if you want simple traditional desktop.


The answer to your problems is remmina.

You should install this package first. After that start the GUI and create as many connection profiles you need using RDP protocol choice.

Good luck and let us know how it works for you!


Ctrl + Alt + 5 behavior changed in 14.04

Well, after installing Metacity (sudo apt-get install gnome-session-fallback), the behavior is as expected. From that I gather that the altered behavior is local to the Unity Launcher.

Don't think I can do much about it. But since I'm running inside a VirtualBox VM on a Win 8.1 system, and since Ubuntu 14.04 is way wayyy slower than 12.04 (especially with Unity Launcher), I think I'll stick with Metacity, which is a 2D display manager (as opposed to Unity Launcher or Gnome Compize, which are 3D and are killing the whole VM experience for me).


What is the fundamental GUI library for Ubuntu starting with 12.04?

It has taken me more than a year to find the answer to this, but Cannonical has finally made their position more clear.  They are migrating (generally) away from the GTK library and onto the QT library, and it is their intent for this to span from Ubuntu Touch to the desktop.

See Why is Canonical choosing QT over GTK for Unity's next generation? for the trail to a complete answer.


Is it safe to change the default umask from 0000 on WSL?

It is not totally safe, as some applications might assume umask to be 0000.

For example, when installing extensions to vscode-server running in wsl (from standard vscode in win), it fails on file permissions when trying to move files from temporary location.

But if you keep that in mind, you can safely set umask to whatever you want, and if you encounter any program failing because of that, you just switch back to 0000 (thats how I do it, dont kill me lol).


How do I increase the number of "Recently Used Applications" in the dashboard?

Have you tried increasing resolution above 800x600? at 1360x768 I have 8, not 5. Granted this isn't a full screenful, but it's more than you've been getting.

see here

The Recently Used items are displayed by GNOME Activity Journal (Privacy). More information on that part of the project is available here

The Zeitgeist Framework powers it. More information on that project is available here


From the terminal, open up /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml, I prefer to use nano: # nano /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml. (The file may be named differently, if 01-network-manager-all.yaml doesn't exist use ls /etc/netplan to see what the filename is.)

Find the part that has nameservers and addresses:

nameservers:
    addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]

You can add any number of nameservers there, just separate them with commas.

When you're done making changes, save the file and run # netplan apply.

(Optional) To confirm that your changes were made, run $ systemd-resolve --status | grep 'DNS Servers' -A2. The nameservers you selected should be displayed.


Is there way to boot from Windows by default?

You can use the Grub-Customizer application to set the default boot option as follows:

Follow this guide to add the following Source to your Software Sources.

ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
Let the refresh happen. (Will update the index of apps)
Using the Softare Centre, install Grub-Customizer.
Open Grub-Customizer, under the General Settings tab, select the Default Entry as Windows.
Then you can hide the menu and change the timeout to something like 3 seconds.
Save and reboot!
While booting, hold SHIFT to present grub (boot menu)

Steps 1 - 3 can be accomplished using the Accessories > Terminal by running the following three commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

Editing the /boot/grub/grub.cfg and /etc/default/grub files manually is not usually recommended... BUT if you must: Have a look at this Question.


Create a shortcut to a subsection of ubuntu settings (example: network, bluetooth, wifi)

You can open Network Connections (from Network Manager) from command-line as nm-connection-editor.

Also you can open some applets of GNOME Control Center from command-line. If you open terminal, write gnome-control-center and hit Tab you will get the following list of subcommands:

$ gnome-control-center
background        mouse             region            user-accounts
bluetooth         network           removable-media   --verbose
color             notifications     search            --version
datetime          online-accounts   sharing           wacom
default-apps      --overview        sound             wifi
display           power             thunderbolt
info-overview     printers          ubuntu
keyboard          privacy           universal-access

So you can create for example these shortcuts:

gnome-control-center bluetooth for Bluetooth
gnome-control-center network for Network (Wired, VPN and Proxy)
gnome-control-center wifi for Wi-Fi networking

and so on.


SLI with MOBILE nVidia cards and latest proprietary driver?

I have the same laptop and two 650M cards which are working in SLI on Windows, but for Ubuntu it is not possible. I've done some research in that case and come with information that mobile cards are not SLI-capable on Linux systems. This info as I remember comes from original nVidia site. Also when looking on GeForce page, the 650M is not listed as a SLI card: link. Strange, as it is working in SLI mode on Windows.


Trouble installing Ubuntu 16.04 since I got GTX 1070

There is a compiled driver that already supports GTX 1070, which is 367.

I didn't know about the nomodeset command,so what I did is just use my integrated graphics to boot up into Ubuntu and install the latest driver that supports GTX 1070 (which is 367) from the graphics-driver PPA. Do not install the latest driver from the Nvidia's website because it won't install the 32 bit drivers and causes some application fails to start, such as Steam.

After you booted up into Ubuntu using your integrated graphics or using the nomodeset, install the drivers from PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-367

and after that reboot your machine, now you can start using your GTX 1070/1080. You can read my full write up.


An upgrade, also known as a point release or 12.04.2, is scheduled for Feb 14 2013. It should include compatibility with UEFI, as well as better hardware support through a newer kernel, and integrate all updates and bug fixes.

Check out the Release Schedule for more info.

Should you wish to try it now, or help ISO testing, 12.04.2 daily images are available.


Kubuntu 20.04 boot failure on Lenovo Flex-14API 81SS with AMD Ryzen 5 3500U

i have same issue (sorry but i can't post comment) only on HP 255 G7 with Ryzen 5 3500U. dmesg shows that driver is not loading properly when on battery. The PC actually boots to OS, but desktop is not displaying correctly. I can switch to console and back normally. looks to me it's a driver or OS issue.
I can boot with charger in and then i can unplug the charger and behaviour on battery (so far) is normal.


Wireless stops working soon after computer start when using WPA2 encryption

Try this and reboot:

echo "options rtl8723be fwlps=N ips=N" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf

This will disable some of the power management of the card and usually helps.


Ubuntu-desktop packages installation yields broken packages error

Then you should re-add all necessary repositories with commands:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main universe multiverse restricted"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main universe multiverse restricted"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main universe multiverse restricted"

and retry installation of necessary software with something like:

sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


Why do I get an error while building a test package from "Fixing a bug in Ubuntu"?

I have fixed this issue in other way and build the package in my environment.

Basically follow the steps given at packaging:link-via-changelog

Firstly, download the source code and create another branch. Run these commands:

cd tomboy.dev
bzr pull
bzr branch tomboy.dev bug-12345

And then before making any changes, I need to go back to the source package and create an *.orig.tar.gz source package.

Simply change the directory to tomboy.dev and run bzr bd -- -S -us -uc.

Then I could start modifying my changes in bug-12345. After modifying, I used dch -i and debcommit to commit the changes.

And then instead of using bzr command to generate the package, I used debuild/dpkg-buildpackage instead.

For generating pure source code package: I use debuild -S

And to generate a release binary build: I use dpkg-buildpackage.

Reference: dpkg-buildpakcage


Permission denied error while opening/copying a file and permissions listed with question marks

Try:

sudo chown root:root desktop.ini
sudo chmod 777 desktop.ini

By the way, this file is on another disk? If yes make sure the disk is mounted as read-write.


Skype 4.3 keeps signing me out in ubuntu 12.04

I, too, and did several suggestions from the internet but nothing happened...
Do reinstallation, it works for me though... and do

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Hope it'll help!


Regarding what to expect

An upgrade from 14.04 should normally either go to 16.04 or 15.04 - but not 15.10.

Check Version

You can check your Ubuntu version via:

lsb_release -a

Start UI

You could start the x server by

startx

It might as well work to just start the login manager service

sudo service lightdm start


Fix/Prevent GRUB from waiting with a different timeout on resuming from hibernate

This can be solved by adding the following line to the Grub configuration file:
GRUB_RECORDFAIL_TIMEOUT=N

Put N=timeout that you want when resuming from hibernate
Answer Source: https://serverfault.com/a/598805/439371 and https://askubuntu.com/a/251920
Complete steps:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

Add this line at the end of the file, save the file and close gedit (Set N to the desired timeout):
GRUB_RECORDFAIL_TIMEOUT=N.

sudo update-grub


Installing sophos anti-virus from terminal

In general third party software should be installed in /opt/ inside a directory named after the software you install.

The [/opt/sophos-av] next to the question is the default suggested by the installer so all you need to do is press enter.

If you need more knowledge about how Ubuntu (or Linux in general) lays out the directories and how they should be used see How to understand the Ubuntu file system layout? We follow the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard


Who has some insights on watching Netflix

Currently, you can't using Chromium or Firefox.  Do note they are dropping support for Silverlight too, and are moving to HTML5 with DRM (Digital Rights Management).  This DRM is not included in current Chromium or Firefox builds.  It is in Google Chrome.

For now, the "solution" is to install Google Chrome and use that.

Normally, the next big release of Firefox should also include the DRM libraries for Linux.  It's a matter of time.

As per comment below (Deleted?).  Go to https://www.google.com/chrome/ and click the "Download" button, Select the ".deb" option, then click "Accept and install".  Wait for the download to finish and select "Open With - Software Install (default)".

Software installer now opens, click the "Install" button.  Normally, you will now be asked your password to elevate to root privileges.

Chrome will now be installed and can be launched.  Click the "Ubuntu" button, type "Chrome".  It will display "Google Chrome".  Click it to launch it.  Now visit the Netflix website and log in to access the catalog.


The popping is not a result of your computer not being muted; it's probably a result of capacitor discharge being sent to your speakers.

From what you've said, it sounds like you have a set of external speakers? If this is the case, turn them off before booting down; this will prevent any discharge from being amplified, and therefore being heard.


wifi connection drops down [TP-LINK WN722N, Ubuntu 14.04]

I've solved it with plugging a good power to the port. On a desktop it was a dedicated hub with an external power supply unit, on Raspberry Pi 2 it was a 2.5A power supply. Also I've installed a new kernel from git - and it's(disconnection problem) gone! If you have any further troubles try to remove a case from USB stick and apply a good radiator and cooler to the chip - I did it from the start, but just cooling didn't saved my day


Transfer multiple files at the same time?

If all you want to do is transfer the contents of a folder with cp, just use cp -r
Transmitting in parallel offers no speed increase.

Let's say your LAN is 100Mb/sec. That would be ~12MB/sec.
Let's say you want to transfer two files:

File file1 is 24MB.
File file2 is 48MB

Let's compare transferring them in serial vs parallel.
First, serial:
At a rate of 12MB/sec, 24MB transfers in 2 seconds.
And 48MB transfers in 4 seconds.
2+4 = 6 --> total transfer time is 6 seconds (plus overhead).

Now parallel:
Since you are transferring two files simultaneously, each file transfer will receive half of your full LAN bandwidth.
12MB/sec ÷ 2 = 6MB/sec.
So each file will be transferred at 6MB/sec.
file1 24MB ÷ 6 = 4.
file1 takes 4 seconds to transfer.
When file1 finishes, 24MB of the 48MB file2 has already been transferred.
The remainder of file2 to be transferred is 24MB.
But now that the first transfer is done, the full bandwidth of 12MB/sec can be regained.
24 ÷ 12 = 2.
So the remainder of file2 takes an extra 2 seconds to finish after file1 finished.
4+2 = 6. --> total transfer time is 6 seconds (plus overhead).

6 = 6.
Therefore, they will take the same amount of time to transfer.


Question about multiple 'root' users in mysql's users table

There's three entries there because you need one entry for each user@host combination.

Examine host for each of the root user entries.  The host column defines where that user can connect from and have the connection accepted.  In this case, for the root user, the host entries are localhost, 127.0.0.1, and ::1.  The last two are IPv4 and IPv6 entries for the local machine loopback interface (lo in ifconfig) respectively.  The localhost entry is the hostname representation of both of those IP entries.

It's fine to leave all three there.  It just makes sure that you can still access the root user from the local system in the event that your /etc/hosts file goes weird and localhost no longer resolves to your own box.

The only thing you really need to be concerned about is if a root user on MySQL has an entry for any host entry OTHER than localhost, 127.0.0.1, and ::1.  That could indicate a security risk.

And the debian-sys-maint account is used for log rotating and things, and just like the root account can only be used via localhost in a default setup, so you don't need to really worry about that one either.


How can I enable Chrome/Chromium Unity integration?

You need to right click on the Chrome title bar and set "Use System Title Bar and Borders":


IR remote - some media keys won't work (KEY_NEXTSONG / KEY_PREVIOUSSONG)

I have 4.4.0-generic running on Macbook Pro (2011) with an apple remote and I had the same problem.  Background first then how I fixed it:

Background:

My kernel - installed w/Mint 18.1 based on ubuntu 16.4 so older than yours - recognizes the remote before I installed anything.  Volume up, Volume down, play/pause work same as keyboard keys, next track and previous track did not.  I reinstalled package lirc and edited in a mac mini specification for the remote.  No change.  Running irw I can see that the kernel recognizes the remote and creates an event for each button.

Some people have mentioned that the newer kernel just didn't work with the remote the way an older one did and gave up or rolled back to an earlier kernel, but here is what I did.

Fixing it:

I installed evtest package

$ sudo apt install evtest

Ran evtest.  The program gives you a list of every input device &c.  Select the number for the remote and press enter.  On my laptop the list included

/dev/input/event6:  Apple Computer, Inc. IR Receiver
/dev/input/event7:  Apple Inc. Apple Internal Keyboard / Trackpad

so to see the apple remote I type 6 .

$ sudo evtest

Select the device event number [0-16]: 6
Input driver version is 1.0.1
Input device ID: bus 0x3 vendor 0x5ac product 0x8242 version 0x111
Input device name: "Apple Computer, Inc. IR Receiver"
Supported events:
  Event type 0 (EV_SYN)
  Event type 1 (EV_KEY)
  Event code 28 (KEY_ENTER)
  Event code 114 (KEY_VOLUMEDOWN)
  Event code 115 (KEY_VOLUMEUP)
  Event code 139 (KEY_MENU)
  Event code 158 (KEY_BACK)
  Event code 159 (KEY_FORWARD)
  Event code 164 (KEY_PLAYPAUSE)
  Key repeat handling:
    Repeat type 20 (EV_REP)
      Repeat code 0 (REP_DELAY)
        Value    250
      Repeat code 1 (REP_PERIOD)
        Value     33
Properties:
Testing ... (interrupt to exit)
Event: time 1509552582.912009, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 164 (KEY_PLAYPAUSE), value 1
Event: time 1509552582.912009, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------
Event: time 1509552583.034614, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 164 (KEY_PLAYPAUSE), value 0
Event: time 1509552583.034614, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------
Event: time 1509552586.159731, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 159 (KEY_FORWARD), value 1
Event: time 1509552586.159731, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------
Event: time 1509552586.338556, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 159 (KEY_FORWARD), value 0
Event: time 1509552586.338556, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------
Event: time 1509552587.375649, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 158 (KEY_BACK), value 1
Event: time 1509552587.375649, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------
Event: time 1509552587.626549, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 158 (KEY_BACK), value 2
Event: time 1509552587.626549, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------
Event: time 1509552587.650543, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 158 (KEY_BACK), value 0
Event: time 1509552587.650543, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------

Now lets look at what happens when I press the next track button and previous track button on the keyboard:

Select the device event number [0-16]: 7

Event: time 1509552799.129798, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 165
(KEY_PREVIOUSSONG), value 1
Event: time 1509552799.129798, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------
Event: time 1509552799.265788, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 165
(KEY_PREVIOUSSONG), value 0
Event: time 1509552799.265788, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------
Event: time 1509552800.641684, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 163 (KEY_NEXTSONG), value 1

So the keyboard is generating the correct code "KEY_PREVIOUSSONG", "KEY_NEXTSONG" but the remote is not.

so, edit the file /etc/lirc/hardware.conf

Well, on my machine the directory /etc/lirc does not exist.  so...

$ apt install lirc

After installing the package files a script gets run automatically.  You have to select your remote hardware from a list and hit enter.  I selected "mac mini blah blah" and from the next list (transmitters, I think) I selected none.  Now there is a file /etc/lirc/hardware.conf.  It is mostly empty and points to a file specific for this remote control.  so edit this file - its not easy to figure out the location, I found it at

cd /usr/share/lirc/remotes/apple/
nano lircd.conf.macmini

change the word KEY_REWIND to KEY_PREVIOUSSONG and change KEY_FORWARD to KEY_NEXTSONG.

Now restart the lirc daemon to recognize the new configuration.

sudo /etc/init.d/lirc restart

Now the right and left buttons will work. :)


The problem was that the driver it was trying to use was r8169 and it wasn't working. I had to blacklist that driver and install an older driver following this Ubuntu forum thread. Then I had to change the autorun file from 'sh' to 'bash'. The internet picked right up, I didn't even have to reboot.

Basically what I needed to do was:

Downloading the older r8168 driver from RealTeks download page
Blacklisting r8169 in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf file adding

blacklist r8169

Compile the downloaded driver by running autorun.sh file.

Refer to the forum page for detail instruction.


You can have several backups when you use the rsync option --link-dest.

rsync will create another directory with your backup tree, hardlink the files that didn't change, and only copy the changed files. That way you don't use twice the space. For excample:

rsync -a --delete --link-dest=../previous_backup source_directory/  backup

You have to use a filesystem that supports hard links for this to work, ext4 works fine.

I have used an NTFS removable disk in the past, but the filesystem had a big performance hit: a 130 GB backup with around 15 previous backups would take more than 80 minutes to complete. After I have moved the entire tree to an ext4 partition (on the same disk), the subsequent backups would take around 2 minutes to complete.

I have adapted the scripts from this page for my needs:

http://www.mikerubel.org/computers/rsync_snapshots/


Ubuntu 16.04 - Libre Office Icons Appearnce Change

Click on Tools --> Options --> Libre Office --> View -- Icon & Style --> Human / Galaxy

Try and see if this work out for you.


Juju - Can't enter in the wordpress public address

Note: Clicking resolve in the GUI as you did you're actually telling Juju that the issue has been resolved not telling it to resolve the issue.

It's hard to debug why Wordpress isn't working in this case without actually poking at it but the failure to add the new unit may have put the charm in a broken state which hasn't actually been resolved (see above). So your first step might be to SSH into node2.maas and see if Wordpress is indeed running and if you're able to access it from within the machine. If it is running you might have a separate networking issue. If it's not running you can try removing Wordpress and bringing up a fresh machine to deploy it to and see if your issue is resolved.


Black screen with underscore after drivers install

If you want to try to recover some files from your computer before attempting to fix or reinstall Ubuntu, boot from the Ubuntu live CD/USB and select 'Try Ubuntu' - you will be able to view the files on your HDD and copy them to a second USB.

To fix your video problems, there are two items that you can try:  From this answer, you can boot your computer with nomodeset as a kernel option.  This may be enough to make your computer work well.

Secondly, if you want to remove the Nvidia driver, this answer has very good instructions, but you will need to boot to recovery mode first:

Boot up the machine, and after the BIOS screen, hold down the left Shift key. You will then be prompted by a menu that looks something like this:

I've noticed on some systems that timing when to hit the left Shift key can be tricky, sometimes I miss it and need to try it again.

Hit the down arrow until you select the 2nd entry from the top (the one with the recovery mode in the description) and then hit Enter.

Now you should see this menu:

Use the arrow keys to scroll down to netroot, the root shell with networking.  This will take a little time to open, but will get there.

Then a series of 4 commands should be run.  The first removes the nvidia packages, the second re-installs the Ubuntu desktop (there is a package nvidia-common which is needed but removed in the first step), the third removes the Xwindows configuration files that were modified by the nvidia installation, and the last ensures that the stock video driver in not blacklisted.

sudo apt-get remove --purge ^nvidia
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf
echo 'nouveau' | sudo tee -a /etc/modules

Following this, reboot your computer with  sudo reboot


Can I create a virtual machine through ssh

To be able to run a 64-bit guest we need both, a VT-x/AMD-V enabled CPU on the host, and enable the VT-x features of the guest.

Host BIOS

In case of a remote server we may not be able to change BIOS settings of the server to enable virtualization. See the following question on how to find out if the server is capable of hardware virtualization:

How to determine if CPU VT extensions are enabled in bios?

Virtualbox settings

Enabling VT-x for an existing virtual machine can be done from the command line with

VBoxManage modifyvm <uuid|vmname> --hwvirtex on

Create a new VM

If we can't enable VT-x we can only create a 32-bit virtual machine. This can be done remotely through an SSH session, but it may be a much easier approach to create the VM locally to then export it to the server's instance of VirtualBox:

how to install the iso file of ubuntu 14.04 into VirtualBox in means of command line, which is installed in the linux server from windows using putty


Everytime you shutdown the virtual machine, you have to set up your shared folders again, unless you checked mount automatically and make permanent.


Install gawk.

In terminal...

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gawk
sudo update-alternatives --set awk /usr/bin/gawk
awk


Cannot Change Error Log Location For MySQL 5.7 in Ubuntu 16.04

Now based on the link you provided and another resource about the relationship between AppArmor and Mysql I was able to get it to work. The policy that governs mysql is loaded from this location /usr/sbin/mysqld which you can see when you run: sudo aa-status. This can be altered from,:

/etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld

and

/etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld

I will be altering the latter.

Steps:

I have created a folder /var/www/html/mysql and with placed a file (error.log) in there. I believe mysql will look for such a file. Now this is my custom log location.
Open the /etc/appparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld and add the following lines:

/var/www/html/mysql/ r,
/var/www/html/mysql/** rwk,

Interpretation:

/var/www/html/mysql/ r,:--> give mysql read access to that folder.
/var/www/html/mysql/** rwk,:--> give mysql read, write and lock access to contents in there.

Open /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf and change the log location to:

#log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
log_error = /var/www/html/mysql/error.log

Now restart apparmor: sudo systemctl restart apparmor
Now restart mysql: sudo systemctl restart mysql

Note:

I set the user:group of /var/www/html to $USER:www-data and the permissions to:

user: rwx,
group: rwx, and
others: r-x

Added mysql user to www-data group:

sudo usermod -a -G www-data mysql

Theory:

Apparmor is Ubuntu's way of making sure there is fine grained control over who accesses the file system and how it is done. It has two modes, enforce and complain modes. The enforce mode is where mysql falls under ( to see these run sudo aa-status).

You can either change mysql to complain mode where apparmor will only complain but not prevent mysql accessing other areas of the file system. In this case I choose the enforce mode and simply altered the apparmor policy for mysql To alter these apparmor modes you have to install apparmor-utils and then you could just do sudo aa-complain /usr/sbin/mysqld and apparmor will now only complain about filesystem violations by mysql.

Two locations are used to alter the policy, these are (1) /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld, and (2)/etc/appamrmor.d/local/usr/sbin/mysqld. Which chosen will depend on the type of change desired (network wide or machine specific). So alter to suite your plans.

Resource(please look at these):

https://blogs.oracle.com/jsmyth/apparmor-and-mysql

https://blogs.oracle.com/jsmyth/selinux-and-mysql


Found it.

If we go to:

System > Preferences > Sound and under the tap "Output" we should choose the correct option.

Perhaps a last update as changed those settings.

Thanks Extender.


Windows 7 installation INSIDE Ubuntu 14.04.1

You may shrink ext4 partitions only when they are unmounted (enlarging would work also at mounted state) with gParted, to free unpartitioned space for Windows. But therefore, you must have enough unused space inside the partition.

Step-by-step: (note: inscriptions may vary, as I translate it from the German version)

Boot your machine from an Ubuntu live CD or USB.
Run gParted.
Select your Ubuntu partition on the HDD, right-click it and chose something like "Move/resize..."
Change "free space before" to 0.
Change "new size" to 256000MB. (500GB/2=250GB=256000MB; whole Maths done :D)
Change "free space after" to 256000MB. (or equal to new size, if it's smaller)
Press "move/resize" button.
This will NOT perform the task, but show it in a queue at the bottom of the window.

I think you should finish here and don't create and format a partition for Windows, as it might be easier if you just present it the unpartitioned space and let it arrange its partitions itself. It sometimes uses e.g. some small boot/recovery partitions which I am not sure about how to configure them properly.

Before exiting gParted you must make gParted perform the task you entered. To do this, click on the green tick symbol (or in Edit-menu, or hit Ctrl+Enter). This will send it to work and hopefully not make it throw any errors.
If it succeeded, exit gParted, shut down live-Ubuntu, insert your Win installation cd and reboot.

If you encounter any errors or have more questions, feel free to leave me a comment. Hope this works for you anyway. Greetings and see you!


shared user accounts across workstations

Copying all of the required steps on Ask Ubuntu would be cumbersome, so only the installation commands are given below...

For further reading on configuring the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, head to the Official Ubuntu LDAP documentation

sudo apt-get install slapd ldap-utils

Did I mention to read the documentation first? ;-)


How to create website shortcuts on the desktop / in a folder using Chrome?

One possible way:

Click the Wrench symbol and choose Bookmarks - Always show bookmarks bar
Navigate to the webpage you want to create the shortcut for
right click the bookmark bar and choose Add Page and create a bookmark in the bookmark bar
(alternatively, you can just drag-and-drop the favicon into the bookmark bar, which creates a bookmark for the current page)
Drag and drop the bookmark onto the desktop.  This will create a shortcut to the webpage on your desktop


reboot issue after solve brightness issue

I have been installed tlp and is's not compatible with my laptop (ASUS N552VW) and cause to freeze on restart.

after removing that my problem was solved.

 sudo apt purge tlp tlp-rdw


how do I turn off tap-to-click for logitech k400r wireless keyboard with touchpad?

Am not sure but I think that FN plus left click turns off tap to click.


How do I access my D-link Share Center NAS?

For adding a permant mount you have to edit the file /etc/fstab. Open a terminal and type

sudo gedit /etc/fstab

In that file you have to add a line like this:

//mynas/share /mnt/mynas smbfs username=user,password=password 0 0

In this line mynas is the name or IP adress of you NAS. share is the name of the Samba share on that NAS. That one you will have to know. /mnt/mynas is the folder you want to have it mounted to on your local machine. You have to create that one.

sudo mkdir /mnt/mynas

And user and password are the login data for your NAS if you have any.

After editing the file run

sudo mount /mnt/mynas

to mount the new entry without having to reboot. Of course it will be mounted on reboot from now on.


wireless tethering problem on ubuntu 12.04

What version of Android are you using?

Being able to ping your gateway just says it can talk to your phone - which implies the issue is with the phone's forwarding of packets. The reference to www.google.com may be a cached DNS entry, not live. I'm currently trying something similar with bluetooth, and seeing reports of JellyBean's tethering being crippled.


ACPI : EC: Fail in evaluating the _REG object of EC device. Broken bios is suspected while Installing UbuntuStudio on my MSI GP62 6QF Leopard PRo

This kernel error message comes from the kernel ACPI Embedded Controller (EC) driver. The EC driver has tried to evaluate the ACPI _REG (operation region) control method and this has failed for some reason; most times this is a BIOS issue in the ACPI Machine Language that the _REG control was written in. However, the EC driver will work around this error and still get the EC handler installed and working, so generally one should not have any further issues with the EC controls.


Folder share in ubuntu as guest on Windows 7

To enable file sharing, you will need to install the latest version of VirtualBox Guest Additions from the following site:

http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/

Download the appropriate ISO for the version of VirtualBox you are running and mount it to your Guest OS and install it.

Once you have installed the Guest Additions, you will need to reboot the Guest OS.

Create a share folder on the host OS and set the proper permissions.

Then using VirtualBox Shared Folders in the settings for the guest OS, navigate to the shared folder on the host os.  Ensure that if you are running a firewall program on the host os that you either allow the guest network to connect, or simply disable the firewall temporarily to test the share.


Banshee intelligent playlist including subfolders

"File Location Contains" should do what you want.  Imagine the following scenario:

I have three Radiohead albums, and the songs are stored in the following folders:

~/Music/Radiohead/OK Computer/
~/Music/Radiohead/Kid A/
~/Music/Radiohead/In Rainbows/

If I create a new smart playlist in Banshee with the criteria contains Music/Radiodead/, it will match all three of the folders listed above because they each contain Music/Radiohead/ in their path.


E: GPG error: http://mega.nz ./ InRelease: Clearsigned file isn't valid, got 'NODATA' (does the network require authentication?)

I had the same error. Since its a recent issue, i believe it must have been a problem with the megasync server. I fixed it by going to
/etc/apt/sources.list.d
and then deleting all the files that started with mega using :

  sudo rm mega*

Then run:

  sudo apt-get update


Nginx starts to downloading index.php instead executing

You need to tell nginx how to deal with php files.  I create a "macro" which is simply a file containing the following:

location ~ \.php$ {
    fastcgi_param PHP_VALUE "display_errors=Off";
    fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$;
    include fastcgi.conf;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 600;
    fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
}

I then store that in /etc/nginx/macros and include it with

include macros/php;


How to install openjdk on a machine without internet connection? Ubuntu 12.04

http://www.ubuntugeek.com/how-to-install-oracle-java-7-in-ubuntu-12-04.html

Click on that link I hope it helps you out :).


Your server / host is Not connected to the internet.

Connect your server to the internet.


Why can't I access internet through static IP set-up Ubuntu Server 14.04?

After a system reboot and retrying the tcp dump suggested by Doug Smythies the system appears to have connected successfully! There must have been some settings that did not take after the configuration, however the issue seems to be resolved. Thank you for your comments!


Package 'gcc' has no installation update

May be you have latest version, at least in your repositories.

That's mine output:

$ sudo apt-get install gcc
[sudo] password for leonid:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
gcc is already the newest version (4:7.3.0-3ubuntu2.1).
gcc set to manually installed.


unable to install ubuntu 14.04 server in hp proliant dl580 g7

I ran into the same problem, and found the cause was that I did not enter the "http://" prefix in the proxy setting when selecting the Ubuntu mirror.  I only entered the hostname and port, e.g. "proxy.example.com:3128".  Entering the full proxy URL "http://proxy.example.com:3128" worked, and the problem went away.


I've been running dual boot setups for more than 3 years now, on two different machines (laptops), with:

Windows 8.1 alongside Ubuntu 12.04
Windows 8.1 alongside Ubuntu 14.04
Windows 10 alongside Ubuntu 14.04
Windows 10 alongside Ubuntu 16.04

So far I have not had any issues with any updates and I have regularly updated both Windows and Ubuntu.

On one of the machines I even made the (then free) upgrade from Windows 8.1 to Windows 10 and everything still works fine.

EDIT:

FWIW I never used the "install along other operating system" option during Ubuntu setup, but preferred to manually create the partition scheme. Obviously, if you choose to do this you should be super careful not to erase the Windows partition.

The two issues I ran into while using a dual boot setup were these:

BIOS clock conflict. The link also provides an easy way to fix this problem.
Problem mounting partitions that are also used by Windows. This can easily be solved by turning off the Fast Startup option in Windows.


Cannot install eclipse due to broken packages

I encountered a similar problem, all you got to do it paste this in your bash-terminal :

sudo apt-get install eclipse eclipse-jdt eclipse-pde eclipse-platform* libtomcat7-java


How can I add "Show desktop" docklet to docky?

Well despite there being news of there being a show-desktop helper in March, I can't see it in the current Ubuntu version (v2.0.7-1). The old method still stands though... And I've spent a minute making it a whole lot easier.

Install wmctrl: sudo apt-get install wmctrl
Create a new launcher on the desktop (right click the desktop -> Create Launcher...) and as the command, enter:

bash -c "if wmctrl -m | grep 'mode: ON'; then exec wmctrl -k off; else exec wmctrl -k on; fi"

Set the icon you'd like it to have in docky, give it a nice name, etc. Click okay.
Drag the launcher onto Docky. Now you can delete the launcher from the desktop.


Open software center, a pop up will appear to (auto) repair the problem


Desktop for Ubuntu 19.10 ARM64 bit Raspberry Pi 4 Model B

Yes, I think so. Xubuntu ARM64 although I just noticed Conky shows 3.70GB.


Is there a program in Ubuntu repositories that will keep a clipboard history for me?

I use Parcellite. You can install it from Ubuntu repository by doing this command in terminal:

sudo apt install parcellite


Try with command

top

to see process witch make load. Also you can use command

ps -aef --forest

to see child process of main process


The HPLIP panel and toolbox icons can be found at /usr/share/hplip/data/images/, where there are folders for a variety of icon sizes. One may change the names of the stock icons by appending ".old" to each file name, then simply copy your desired icons into their respective folders (renaming each according to the original).

(Note that changing the stock icon names and otherwise editing within these folders will require root privileges. Use gksu nautilus, for example, in a terminal; or sudo your renaming and copying commands directly. Do be careful when making root changes within system folders.)

Some icon packs do contain suitable replacements (Captiva is pictured, https://github.com/captiva-project/captiva-icon-theme), but I'm not aware of a ready-made monochrome set. You may be able to create your own with Inkscape or Gimp.

I'm not aware of HP actively prohibiting home users from customizing the appearance of their Desktop icons. I think their team has been great to provide Linux support; I suspect they'd understand that you're not aiming to undermine their brand or flaunt violation of their policies by bringing aesthetic harmony to your PC.


Can you try using EasyUEFI to check if it shows rEFInd there?
If not just try following the instructions here and reinstall rEFInd.
If that still doesn't work try switching between Legacy BIOS and UEFI bios.
And finally if that still doesn't work, I think the fastest solution would be just installing Ubuntu (or running it in live mode if it's already installed) using a USB and installing rEFInd from there.

I hope that helps.


Switching Plasma theme from the command line

This can be done with lookandfeeltool that shall come preinstalled on any recent version of Plasma 5. To use it, type on a terminal window:

lookandfeeltool --list to get a list of all available themes on your system.
lookandfeeltool -a CopyPastaFromTheOutputAbove to change to your desired theme.

All credits go to user Skyite Ovexion on the KDE's Telegram group.


I had this problem too. This seems to solve it:

sudo apt-get install libcanberra-gtk-module:i386 libcanberra-gtk0:i386


Adding partitions to dual boot on Windows

You need to choose the Something else (advanced) option.  This option is used to create a /home partition.

  With the "free space" entry selected, click on the "Add" button. In
  the new window, type for example 4096 in the "New partition size in
  megabytes" field and select the "swap area" option from the "Use as:"
  drop down list. Click the OK button and, in a few seconds, you'll
  notice a "swap" line with the specified size;

  With the "free space" line selected, click on the "Add" button. In the new window, select the "Primary" option, type a value between
  30,000 and 50,000 (or whatever space you have left on the drive) in
  the "New partition size in megabytes" field and select /home as the
  "Mount point." Click the OK button and, in a few seconds, you'll
  notice an "ext4 /home" line with the specified size;
  With the "free space" entry selected, click on the "Add" button. In the new window, select the "Primary" option, type a value between
  10,000 and 50,000 in the "New partition size in megabytes" field and
  select / as the "Mount point." Click the OK button and, in a few
  seconds, you'll notice an "ext4 /" line with the specified size.

OR

You can use Windows installer for Ubuntu which enables you from installing Ubuntu from within windows.

Source: http://www.e-linux.it/news_detail/installing-ubuntu-1104


graphic ubuntu 13.10 does not start, but terminal is available

Since the first post was deleted here again the whole text:

I also had some problems like that before (insead of the login screen I had a black screen with a cursor).

Are you using fglrx(-updates) as display driver?

  No idea, how can I know if I am using it? –  user2282211

You would know, because you would have selected it in the options.

As I know from my paths through ubuntu there are many ways to get a black screen. In the last time I had a couple of problems:

Unity Plugin is disabled. See here for source.

Press Ctrl+Alt+F1
 sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
 export DISPLAY=:0
 ccsm
 Press Ctrl+Alt+F7
See if Unity Plugin box is ticked
Other problems with Ubuntu desktop & Unity. See here for source.

Press Ctrl+Alt+F1
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install unity
sudo reboot
Sometimes it worked for me do uninstall unity and the ubuntu desktop and unity and reinstalling them.


Open image sent via Skype in the image tool directly?

supposing you are using firefox on laptop/desktop

edit / preference / Application tab

look for JPEG/... and select Use [...] Eye of gnome/mate

sorry, I have no test image-link to try if it's ok


How to randomly change the MAC on each boot in 16.04

How to do it

Without any third party application, we can simply use NetworkManager's cli tool nmcli to change MAC address in terminal, scripts, etc.

nmcli connection modify enp3s0 802-3-ethernet.cloned-mac-address 02:7d:xx:xx:...

Change enp3s0 with your desired connection name, e.g: Home, Office Wi-Fi, etc.

If you are trying to clone a Wi-Fi connection then use 802-11-wireless.cloned-mac-address instead of 802-3-ethernet.cloned-mac-address.

Also we need a way to generate a random MAC here is a simple solution to create a completely random MAC address (Base source):

echo $RANDOM | md5sum | sed\
 's/^\(..\)\(..\)\(..\)\(..\)\(..\)\(..\).*$/\1:\2:\3:\4:\5:\6/'

Final solution

Finally in your script use something like this:

mac=$(echo $RANDOM | md5sum | sed 's/^\(..\)\(..\)\(..\)\(..\)\(..\)\(..\).*$/\1:\2:\3:\4:\5:\6/')
nmcli connection modify enp3s0 802-3-ethernet.cloned-mac-address $mac

There might be also a need to reload the connection:

nmcli connection down enp3s0
nmcli connection up enp3s0

You  can put it in .profile or any other place you want.

Create random mac with valid OUI

If you don't want a completely random mac address then download this from GNU MAC Changer GitHub repository.

Then use this line to generate mac addresses:

shuf -n1 OUI.list | cut -f1-3 -d' ' | tr ' ' ':' | xargs -I company echo\
 company:`echo $RANDOM|md5sum|sed 's/^\(..\)\(..\)\(..\).*$/\1:\2:\3/'`

shuf -n1 OUI.list: selects a random line from that file.
cut -f1-3 -d' ' cuts the three necessary fields
tr ' ' ':' transforms it to a form we want
xargs ... creates the other three random part and concatenates the result.


How to install glibc and glibcxx on Lubuntu 20.04

If you've already installed build-essential, then you're probably already at or beyond the requirements. To check your current glibc version, run this:
ldd --version

For glibcxx, run this (it's part of the libstdc++6 package):
strings /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBCXX


This is perfectly safe, but you want to know what you're doing. Keep in mind that you may only have four primary partitions on each disk. With one partition for XP, and three total for your Linux partitions (two regular partitions for the system and one swap partition), you have four partitions and won't be able to safely add any more. If you do wind up deciding to add more partitions, you may consider keeping a few or all of your partitions in an extended partition. An extended partition is only a primary partition that can be divided up into (or "contain") several partitions, up to 64 of them. You can create one with GParted, make your system partitions, and install your operating systems to there.

If you definitely do not want to ever add any more partitions to your hard disk (you only mentioned one) other than what you will have, then you don't want to mess with extended partitions. Keep in mind that if you move the Windows partition to any other position, for example making it be the second partition on your hard disk rather than the first, then you will need to edit your C:\NTLDR file to reflect the change.

I recommend installing Windows first, or keeping it on the disk if it is already installed. This will probably save you some trouble, because one often has to deal with difficulties with partitioning in Windows. Then, from Ubuntu or Backtrack live media, resize the Windows partition so you have enough room for both Backtrack and Ubuntu. I would allow 7-10 GB for Backtrack, depending on what you want to do with it, and at least 25 to 50 GB for Ubuntu. Leave additional space in your Windows partition, too, of course. Now you want to actually create an empty partition on the end of your hard disk for Backtrack, optionally inserting your extended partition beforehand, and then install Backtrack to it. The install Ubuntu, which will recognize your unallocated space during the installation and give you the option to use it, creating a swap partition and an EXT4 system partition within it. If you already have Ubuntu installed, then simply shorten the EXT4 partition and move the swap partition to the left, and then create you Backtrack partition on the end and install it.

Once finished, if you already had Ubuntu installed and only wanted to add Backtrack, you will probably want to run boot-repair. In Ubuntu, you will be updating your kernel frequently, or at least more frequently than you will be in Backtrack, and you want Ubuntu to handle the updating of the Grub menu and Grub software package. If you installed Backtrack first and then Ubuntu, then Grub will already be handled by Ubuntu and you will have no need to run boot-repair. In the end, you will have the option to boot any of the three operating systems you have installed, as well as memtest, upon PC startup.

I hope these suggestions and info helped (:


Hayee everyone, its working now!

I just made some settings under the Setting >> Display. First I checked the mirror option and applied and then again uncheck the mirror option and select the Built-in-Display next to the Launcher Placement.

I have found this trick here on the same forum: Google Chrome browser doesn't open in Ubuntu 16.04

Thanks to all of you!


Getting error while trying to run ./configure --prefix=/tools so to install systemc

You have to install needed build tools by
sudo apt-get install build-essential

and then compile the application.


Installing lua5.2 vs. lua5.3 on Ubuntu 16.10

This is still an issue in 18.04 Bionic. Workaround:

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/lua lua-interpreter \
/usr/bin/lua5.3 130 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/lua.1.gz \
lua-manual /usr/share/man/man1/lua5.3.1.gz

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/luac lua-compiler \
/usr/bin/luac5.3 130 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/luac.1.gz \
lua-compiler-manual /usr/share/man/man1/luac5.3.1.gz


Yes you can get to them.  You need to take a look at the .manifest file in your backups and figure out which compressed backup the files are in.  Then you need to manually unzip that backup and manually move the files where you want them.

Alternatively, you can make restore those files using deja-dup, but restore to a different location.  Also make sure that you have read access to those backups with chmod 755 * in the deja-dup folder.

What it means by "Please make sure you are able to write to them." is that you need to make sure you can write to the restore location.  For instance, if you are trying to restore to /root/ as a normal user, that's obviously not going to work since you can't write to /root/.


There are two ways to start your xsession from a text console like tty1 tty2 etc. I can only assume that is what you are referring to when you say terminal. If not, press CTRL + ALT + F2 and then sign in with your username and password.

Once you are signed in, type the following command:

sudo service lightdm start

or

sudo service lightdm restart

If you are using gnome you may need to use gdm instead of lightdm like this:

sudo service gdm start

Alternatively, you can start the xsession without a display manager. You can use this command to start the xsession and default desktop:

startx

Please post any errors to receive further assistance.

I really don't see how sudo su would cause the problem you are experiencing unless it has to do with one of the commands you entered after becoming root.


A newly released update to the Software Center has solved this issue. All reviews are fetched by default now.


Nautilus menu icons missing in Ubuntu 16.10 (GTK 3.20)

gtk-menu-images and gtk-button-images have been deprecated and maybe are being ignored.

This link may be of help to you. And I transcribe the post contents here:

  (I've already posted in http://forums.fedoraforum.org/showthread.php?p=1680581#post1680581 , re-posting here for users not subscribed there):

  Both gtk-menu-image and gtk-button-images were deprecated and ignored, after that they made them deprecated but not ignored: https://git.gnome.org/browse/gtk+/commit/?id=627a03683f5f41efbfc86cc0f10e1b7c11e9bb25 https://git.gnome.org/browse/gtk+/commit/?id=c46aca463a9d66cf402ec8c3f9f2e2efc98c42ca

  the problem is the gsettings keys (org.gnome.desktop.interface buttons-have-icons and menus-have-icons) are gone so I don't see a way to set them...

  However it seems you can set the relevant GtkSettings via the gnome-settings-daemon xsettings plguin: open dconf-editor -> org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings and change the overrides key from:

  {}
  to:

  {'Gtk/ButtonImages': <1>, 'Gtk/MenuImages': <1>}
  usually the change is instantaneous (e.g. in gimp), but some apps need to be restarted (e.g. firefox).

  Or just use gsettings:

  gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xsettings overrides "{'Gtk/ButtonImages': <1>, 'Gtk/MenuImages': <1>}"
  but note that this method overwrites the current value of that key; one obvious caveat is if you've previously enabled pasting with the middle click from gnome-tweak-tool -> "keyboard and mouse", you'll need to re-set it there again (unlike the above gsettings command, gnome-tweak-tool "adds" new values to the overrides key and doesn't blindly overwrite it).

  Edit: testing recently, it seems now that toggling either of these settings in gnome-tweak-tool remove the custom values added above:

  Top Bar -> "show application menu"
  Keyboard and mouse -> middle-click paste so if you toggle any of those settings you'll have to re-add the 'Gtk/ButtonImages': <1>, 'Gtk/MenuImages': <1> bits.


`cut -d: -f5-` prints lines even if they have no colon

By default cut with the -f option prints any line that doesn't contain a delimiter character. Use -s if you don't want them:

$ cut -d ":" -f 5- -s file
quux
five:six:seven
epsilon:zeta:eta:theta:iota:kappa:lambda:mu


MySQL in Python broken in virtualenv after move to 12.04

Indeed a typo.

On some platforms and with some client libraries (I guess its a warning level setting), unrecognised engine types silently default to the default table type.

Ouch.


This looks like bug #1091464.  Turn off secure boot in the bios system under the section boot, and you should be able to boot Windows.


Disable window content while dragging @ gnome+metacity Ubuntu 20.04

In a terminal as the user:
gsettings set org.gnome.metacity reduced-resources true
works instantly on my metacity 20.04


A decade ago, I used a similar serial login using a null-modem cable (which is different from a plain serial data cable). Here are my notes from that time on how to make a successful serial connection. Hope they help:
On the headless machine (Server), open the serial port, and leave it open.
# getty -L ttyS0 115200 vt100

On the laptop with a serial port (Client), install the screen application, then use it as a terminal emulator to connect over the serial port.
# apt-get install screen
# screen /dev/ttyS0 115200
  (Hit return once or twice)

When finished with screen, quit using the command (CTRL+A , then backslash )
You should be able to login to the Server from the Client.
If you have problems:

Make sure you didn't start multiple screen sessions (they interfere)
Make sure neither machine is running both getty and screen on the same port (they interfere). One machine should run getty, the other should run screen.
Make sure both sides are using the same speed (115200). This modem setup does not auto-negotiate speeds!
Try varying which service starts first. After each attempt, kill both the screen and getty services (but only the getty running on that port!)


What is the BunsenLabs version of Ubuntu?

As far as I know, every variant flavor of Ubuntu (Kubuntu, Lubuntu, Xubuntu) has a desktop manager (KDM, lightdm, etc.), rather than Openbox or another direct window manager.

That said, I don't know of any reason Openbox couldn't be installed in Ubuntu, given that Bunsenlabs is Debian based and so is Ubuntu.  However: you're likely to find that software that's "Ubuntu compatible" depends on finding a desktop manager, and won't know what to do with Openbox anyway.  In other words, if you manage to get Ubuntu running with Openbox, you may find you've removed most of the things that applications depend on to be compatible.

I'm not at all sure what you mean by "Amazon integration" -- I've been running Kubuntu for almost three years, and the only time I see anything related to Amazon is when I shop from my browser.  I don't use a personal cloud (I do have a Dropbox, but use it only for limited, specific storage that I need to access from multiple devices), but I'm sure there are choices even for that.


Transfer files FROM Ubuntu TO Windows XP over wireless

I would suggest using Nitroshare!

Get it from here for your Windows machine.

For Ubuntu, the easiest way to install is:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:george-edison55/nitroshare-dev
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nitroshare


If you're working in python, Acire is a good choice.

First, you need to install the Python Snippets library

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:python-snippets-drivers/python-snippets-daily
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python-snippets

Then you can install Acire itself:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:acire-team/acire-releases
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install acire


Here is the solution I used to solve this problem. First, enter this command in the terminal:

sudo a2dismod ssl

Then restart apache2 with this:

sudo service apache2 restart

Then just make sure you clear your browser history so it doesn't automatically redirect to https. This was for Ubuntu 16.04


WIll 12.04 have a keyboard backlight indicator?


"Simple" is a relative term.  Simple to me might be very difficult to someone else.

The simplest way to send (and receive) e-mail is by using Evolution, Thunderbird or one of the other e-mail clients available.

You can send e-mail from the command line and, in fact, many programs (e.g. monitoring software) e-mail information in just this way.  However, setting this up is non-trivial.

Based on the wording of your question it sounds like this is what you want to do.  If so, you have some reading and some work ahead of you.

mailx seems to be installed in one of my 16.04 machines.  It is not installed in the other.  So you may or may not have to install it.  More information about how to use mailx can be found here https://www.computerhope.com/unix/umailx.htm

There are other CLI mail clients such as mail, s-nail and so on.  I happen to like mailx.  Each has it's own features so in your research in testing you will probably find one that you like better than the others.

You will also need to get a SMTP server going.  Postfix is the most popular but sendmail is a lot easier to set up. There are plenty of guides out there on how to do this.

Also note that you'll have problems just setting up a random machine and sending mail out from it.  If you are not a legitimate Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) you will find your e-mail getting bounced a LOT as spam.

Certainly a worthy project as an educational exercise though!


Seahorse will automatically detect the ssh keyfiles if they're in the top-level ~/.ssh directory. My work-around solution was to change how I organized my keyfiles. As such, seahorse detects them, and gnome-shell detects them only asks for my login password once per keyfile.


It might be your local mirror being slow from the 12.04 attention. You might want to switch mirrors temporarily:

How can I get apt to use a mirror close to me, or choose a faster mirror?
How do I change which mirror I get updates and software from?


How to uninstall netbeans IDE by unconventional means?

So
If you can not uninstall any app of package via terminal, or through Store(Software, Discover etc.) or uninstall.sh is missing, then you need to install it again. No matters if it is terminal way, installer(.sh or .run) or Store. Then uninstall it (based on way how you install it again), but sudo apt-get remove --purge <package name> && sudo apt-get autoremove(package name is netbeans in this case)  is fine in most of cases. Now app should be completly removed. This error is pretty often, becaose if you are using any app for cleaning, that apps can often remove uninstall.sh or sometimes system can not find that app withsudo apt-get remove.


How do I solve Linux ACPI BIOS error when dual-booting?

When booting from usb drive, the grub menu is dsplayed.
So, press "e" to enter edit mode.
Then add "acpi=off" after "quiet splash"


using ubuntu-one on other linux distros?

For what it's worth, there are tarball releases of all the client software, and anyone is free to package it on their favorite Linux distro. There are some users who are already using it on Fedora, Arch, and Gentoo - Source.

Fedora
Arch

OpenSuse? Nope... but that is not Ubuntu's fault ;)

If you want total cross platform use Dropbox.


A virus scanner is currently not needed. There exist an estimated 200 viruses for Linux, a handful of which are supposed to work on contemporary distributions. But they are unlikely to be encountered in practice. Most of that malware are worms which are targetting servers only.

Anyway, you will need a virus scanner anyway, if you use wine and thus download freeware windows software. Windows viruses may run under the windows emulater. Not all of them work, but some of them could cause harm and even damage/leak personal files.

Secondly, if you interface with Windows users, for example at your workplace. You will need a virus scanner to check devices, because otherwise people might end up accusing you of spreading viruses (even though it are Windows viruses that couldn't possibly originate on your Linux computer). It's a bit like getting a flu shot to not endanger the community around you.

TL;DR: use regardless of practical need


Prevent SSH from logging out after running initial commands

Specify your shell afterwards so that runs. You also need the -t flag for a proper shell experience. So you end up with something like:

ssh ... -t user@host 'cd /path/to/dir; /bin/bash'

As terdon suggests in the comments, if you have a big stack of commands that you want to run every time you connect to this server as this user, you probably want to edit your .profile or .bashrc to run the commands automatically.


Can't mount drives automatically after upgrading to Kubuntu 13.04

Suggestions - something to try

Have you tried with the new user ? Sometimes the KDE settings get screwed - With the new user the things should/could work. If the things are working with the new user then you could try to fix/reset the old user settings.

Are there error messages in the ~/.xsession-errors ? About error messages: http://www.kubuntuforums.net/showthread.php?59067-Where-are-error-messages-from-programs-launched-from-the-K-menu

The 'Sparhawk' suggested the KDE forum - other forums.

Kubuntu Forums: http://www.kubuntuforums.net/content.php
Ubuntu Forums: http://ubuntuforums.org/forum.php


Qt creator 5.7 installation in ubuntu 14.04

I use Qt 5.6.1. And I had installed it manually too. The Qt Creator executable file is located in 'Tools' directory and not in the Qt5.7.0/5.7/gcc_64/bin directory.
First, through the terminal go the directory where the executable file is, and then using './' run it. Ex: ./qtcreator


You need to update grub menu entries.
Open a terminal by pressingCTRL+ALT+T and type the following:

sudo update-grub /dev/sdb

replacing sdb above with sda, sdb, sdc, sdd, or whatever drive your GRUB MBR resides on.


Generally, the less programs you have loading on bootup, the faster your system should be. Try BUM (from software center) to disable some unneeded services, and also ensure you don't have any unnecessary programs installed that will be loaded when booting. Finally, using a solid state drive (SSD) as your boot device should significantly improve bootime.

Oh one more thing, your filesystem type makes a difference as well. EXT4 has suffered some performance regressions (according to phoronix) but I've still found EXT4 to be great for booting fast.


How to change the save directory for taking a screenshot for Ubuntu 17.10 Gnome?

I saw this from here and steps were:

Change the default location using gsettings:

gsettings set org.gnome.gnome-screenshot auto-save-directory 'file:///home/cialu/Downloads'

Modify the default shotcut behaviour as per a bug:

create a shortcut in Settings > Keyboard, pressing the + button there. Assign a name (e.g. "New screenshot") and the command to gnome-screenshot.
click in the "Disabled" label in the new shortcut and press the "Print Screen" key from you PC. Confirm the dialog that will ask you if you want to reassign the key to this new shortcut.

Note: Not tested by me.

Source:

https://www.reddit.com/r/gnome/comments/51erc1/how_to_change_the_default_gnome_screenshot_folder/


Switching to the Hyper-V optimized kernel fixed this for me:

sudo apt install linux-azure

(I also removed the old kernel with sudo apt autoremove --purge but that might not be important.) Then a restart is necessary. When it came back up it went into enhanced mode.

I'm on Windows 10 version 1909 build 18363.535. I installed Ubuntu 19.04 with "Quick Create" and have not upgraded it to 19.10.


Ubuntu 18.04 desktop: netplan.io+NetworkManager: wrong default route mask (0.0.0.0/24)

Notes:

Check the gateway4 address and DNS nameserver/search values that I used. I'm not sure if having them on different subnets from the main IP addresses will cause DNS resolution errors.

If you don't need the bridge, you can move the addresses: and routes: stanza's directly into enp2s0 (under dhcp6), and remove the bridges: section. Be mindful of the indentation.

If you copy/paste the script, you may need to remove the leading 4 spaces from each line. This is because when I use the {} code sample to make the script readable, it adds 4 spaces to the beginning of each line. Keep the indentation the same.

If you don't have any wireless interfaces, you may need to change NetworkManager to networkd.

Use https://netplan.io/examples for more examples.

After installing the script (as the only .yaml file) into /etc/netplan do:

sudo netplan --debug generate

sudo netplan apply

reboot

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp2s0:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      nameservers:
        addresses: [192.168.1.4,192.168.1.5]
        search: [mydomain.xyz]
      optional: true
    enp3s0:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      addresses: [192.168.245.50/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.245.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [192.168.1.4,192.168.1.5]
        search: [mydomain.xyz]
      optional: true
  bridges:
    br0:
      interfaces: [enp2s0]
      addresses: [192.168.204.35/24]
      routes:
        - to: 0.0.0.0/0
          via: 192.168.204.1
          metric: 200
          type: unicast


It's explained on the following Wiki page for example: Adding undetected resolutions | ArchWiki


Just in case the import went wrong ...

Did you already use the SD card again?
If not then there are some tools around that could (with some luck) recover the deleted files from the card.
Just make sure you write block (lock) the SD card until you found your photos.

This might be helpful http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/PhotoRec


Cannot open port 3001 to local IPV4 ubuntu lts 20.04

Just as an example, node.js file:
const express = require('express');
const app = express();

const port=3000;

app.listen(port, () => console.log(`App listening on port ${port}`));

And then:
# lsof -i :3000
COMMAND    PID  USER   FD   TYPE  DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
node    201089 wayne   21u  IPv6 2249996      0t0  TCP *:3000 (LISTEN)

*:3000 indicates port 3000 on all interfaces. Note that even though it says IPv6 it is actually listening IPv4 as well since we did not specify ipv6Only (nodejs server.listen doc).


zeitgeist-extension-fts cant seem to install after upgrade from 10.04 to 10.10

The error message says you are trying to install a "lucid" package although you have upgraded to maverick.

Sometimes you can do this, but it isnt recommended - in this case, it doesnt look like you can.

The ppa you are trying to install from - can you supply a link in your question.

In the interim, comment out the ppa in your software sources.

then run

sudo apt-get clean

to tidy up your package manager.


Since you made changes to the sources, you should update the apt so that the changes are recognized.

To do that, open a terminal (press Ctrl + Alt + T) and enter the command:

sudo apt-get update

and you should be done.


Do I need to allow incoming DHCP traffic?

If your IP is dynamically allocated, then you need DHCP.  Ports 67 and 68 are used to talk to the Router/Server that assigns the IP address.  These addresses have leases that expire.  If you aren't communicating on port 67/68 after being assigned an IP, it could be expired early.  If it expires early or naturally, you'll lose your internet.  Port 67/68 is used to keep track of this, which is important if multiple computers are being assigned addresses.

The default dynamic DHCP address ranges are 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.149.  Other 192.168.. addresses, on both sides of the dynamic range, could be assigned as static, and if so, you could probably block ports 67/68 after you've been assigned an IP address.  Why bother? If you are running a firewall, than that alone will block the minimum abuse that can occur on those ports, so blocking them is pointless. ...  Unless you care that a server knows when your computer has its internet connected.

If you control the Router/Server/WIFI hot-spot, you can disable DHCP and use a static IP address.


Realtek RTL8168/8111E onboard NIC not recognized - the everlasting problem?

You could rephrase this whole question as:
If I run bleeding-edge software, will I be fine?
The obvious answer is no; you'll probably run into issues all the time. And that's what has happened here. Realtek (et al) and the community don't track the latest versions of everything and even when they do, they're not as fast as people who can run the latest kernel on the day of its release.
If you want better support, stick to a platform that people are using. Just because 3.1 is stable doesn't mean lots of people are using it.
In short: you don't have to carry the plaque but you will have to trade it in for the more-supported 3.0 kernel. You can't have your cake and eat it, I'm afraid.
If you want to try to minimise your pain, get in contact with Realtek now. I've no idea if they have a public bug tracking system that you can write to, but at the very least contact their support to make sure somebody there knows about the problem. It's not going to fix things overnight, but it might get you up and running within a month.


How to install the new GNOME Software app on 16.04 for testing purposes?

PLEASE NOTE: What is said in the answer below was only true for a short period in the early development of 16.04 (and was only useful for practical purposes in that period), this Q&A has been kept only for historical reference. You will also see that the question has been closed with the close reason of ...was only relevant to a very specific period of time., and that I was the first to cast such a close vote.

gnome-software is now included in 16.04 which has been released and there is no need to install it from this PPA, which may not even be in existence any more. So as I previously stated, please only use this answer for historical reference, do not do as it says.

It is currently currently only available for install via a PPA (the GNOME Software PPA), in order to add the PPA to your system run:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-desktop/gnome-software
sudo apt-get update

And then to install GNOME Software run:

sudo apt-get install gnome-software packagekit

In order to fetch, populate and update the information in the app you may need to download this script and then cd into the directory it downloaded into (most likely ~/Downloads) with:

    cd ~/Downloads

Make it executable with:

    chmod +x appstream.sh

Then execute it as root with:

    sudo ./appstream.sh

(The reason the above instructions are crossed out is because that method was only necessary for a short period of time (until they configured the gnome-software application to do that itself), you are no longer required to do so, but the text was kept and not removed for the reasons of historical archiving.)

For further reference please read this article.


Unable to dual boot windows 7,8, and ubuntu using w8 bootloader

Is there any particular reason you want to use the Windows bootloader? GRUB is installed by default when you install Ubuntu and it does the same thing.


Share modes define how the virtualised (p9fs) file system is presented to the guest machine. There are important implications for permission mapping. To understand this, it's important to remember that the virtualised file system needs to manage permissions of files and they may not be the same in the host as they are in the guest.

The best docs I have found regarding the modes is from the libvirt docs:

The filesystem block has an optional attribute accessmode which specifies the security mode for accessing the source (since 0.8.5). Currently this only works with type='mount' for the QEMU/KVM driver. The possible values are:

passthrough
The source is accessed with the permissions of the user inside the guest. This is the default accessmode if one is not specified. More info.  Beware that changes to permissions/ownership will affect all guests using that filesystem.  This mode is generally quite fast.
mapped
The source is accessed with the permissions of the hypervisor (QEMU process). More info.
This means you need to make sure that files on the hypervisor are accessible to the QEMU process (username libvirt-qemu on my setup).  The advantage is that file attributes and permissions are "mapped" for the guest so that they are independent changes elsewhere (as long as the files stay accessible).  If your host system supports ACLs, this mode will also allow proper ACL support in the guest.  This mode is generally a bit slower than passthrough.
squash
Similar to 'passthrough', the exception is that failure of privileged operations like 'chown' are ignored. This makes a passthrough-like mode usable for people who run the hypervisor as non-root. More info


First make sure that your Wireless is turned on (Fn+F2 will toggle it on and off).  Next there is a Ubuntu Community Help Wiki here
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/WirelessTroubleShootingGuide
that will walk you through the troubleshooting process.


Using `System.DirectoryServices` on Ubuntu to authenticate with windows active directory

I fixed it myself

My assumption was wrong that novell.directory.ldap was pointing to novell's active directory structure. This works with windows active directory also, it's just a matter of specifying the proper windows active directory URL.

I just added reference to novell.directory.ldap assembly, and then in the credentials changed username administrator to Administrator(case sensitive).

Earlier I was just using username in the binding operation; there I appended domain name also  like domain\Administrator. I was able to get it working.

string strDomain = "domain";
string strUserName = "Administrator";
string Password = "Password123";
String loginDN =  strDomain + "\\" + strUserName;
int LdapVersion  = LdapConnection.Ldap_V3;;
String ldapHost = domain;

string strLdapURL = "LDAP://" + Domain + ":389";

LdapConnection lc = new LdapConnection();

lc.Connect( ldapHost, LdapPort );
lc.Bind( LdapVersion, loginDN, password );


As result of using IncludeOptional/Include directives everything is treated as one big configuration file (apache2.conf), so only the tags like as <VirtualHost> does have meaning. If you place a directive outside the <VirtualHost> tags it will be valid on the server level - for all virtual hosts. If you place a directive inside such tags it will be valid only for the certain virtual host.


How to reset package actions queue in Aptitude with its modern "Cancel pending actions" behavior?

According to this conversation, this is not possible anymore.
https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=816781#10
You have to revert your actions and mark the packages as keep instead of install.
To do it globally, you can use sudo aptitude keep-all which is useful because sometimes aptitude can take a lot of time trying to fix dependencies and you are stuck until it gives up.


Panel applet to show current network traffic in text?

At least for network traffic, you can use GNOME Netspeed Applet

sudo apt-get install netspeed

I couldn't find anything for memory usage to be reported in this manner on gnome-panel, though it seems like it should be an option of the default system-monitor applet.


User to access only to specific IP addresses

TO BLOCK A WEBSITE:

You can edit your host file:

sudo gedit /etc/hosts

add the websites you want to block:

0.0.0.1 www.yoursite.com

It works with all browsers I guess.

TO ALLOW ONLY ONE WEBSITE:

and to only allow access to one ip adress try:

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -d {type here the ip} --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j REJECT

See! it's easy ;)


To run commands in background and do not have them attach to the terminal you need to use something like:

nohup uwsgi --ini /path-to-ini-file1 >out1.log 2>err1.log&
nohup uwsgi --ini /path-to-ini-file2 >out2.log 2>err2.log&

And you can run as many as need servers (limited by RAM and processor power).

And after you logour from the server you will have them run