How can I change shortcuts for GNOME Shell Screen Recorder in Ubuntu 18.04?

Launch Terminal and run the following command

gsettings get org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys screencast

It should return the current keyboard shortcut. The default one should be '<Ctrl><Shift><Alt>R'.

You can set a new keyboard shortcut by running

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys screencast YOUR-PREFERRED-KEY-COMBINATION

Note that you need to follow syntax as returned by the first command. For example, to set Crtl+Alt+R (in place of Crtl+Alt+Shift+R), you need to use '<Ctrl><Alt>R' in place of YOUR-PREFERRED-KEY-COMBINATION in the command above, i.e. you need to run

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.media-keys screencast '<Ctrl><Alt>R'


The +1+0 is offsetting by 1 pixel to the right. You'll want to do +1920+0 (move x by 1920, and y by 0)

So, your script will look like this:

#!/bin/bash
killall -9 mplayer
killall -9 xwinwrap
xwinwrap -ni -o 0.65 -g 1920x1080 -fs -s -st -sp -b -nf -- mplayer -wid WID -quiet ~/wallpapers/blue-room.wmv -loop 0; &
xwinwrap -ni -o 0.65 -g 1920x1080+1920+0 -fs -s -st -sp -b -nf --mplayer -wid WID -quiet ~/wallpapers/blue-room.wmv -loop 0; &

I also couldn't find much documentation, but I've been messing around with this today and found your question.


I have used Teamviewer before. It's a free tool

https://www.teamviewer.com/en/download/linux/

They offer a .deb file as setup

The only condition here is, the other end too needs one. Teamviewer has a lite version which people on other end can use.


As suggested by CelticWarrior:

The MC7354 supports only specified LTE bands and is marketed for Americas region: B2, B4, B5, B13, B17, B25.


Is there any version of VMware player for ubuntu available?

Virtualbox is available from repositories, it is a very similar program that will do equally well in most situations.


Installing iptraf or iftop on ubuntu core

As you mentioned, Ubuntu Core only supports snaps. Regarding using iftop or iptraf (neither of which appear to be available as a snap), you have two options:

Snap them yourself. You can learn more about the snap format and packaging method at https://snapcraft.io.
Assuming these aren't needed in a production capacity and only for troubleshooting/development, you can install the classic snap and gain the ability to use apt (and debs) again, albeit in a somewhat limited capacity (it's essentially a chroot).


Shut Down dialog box on login screen not giving any options

In the file /etc/pam.d/common-session add:

session optional pam_systemd.so

This seems to have been missed during one of the upgrades this system has gone through.

ref: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/unity-greeter/+bug/1321454


16.04 wifi connection dropping intel 7265

Your wireless card is dropping to roam to a different access point. You can see in dmesg that it leaves 84:a4:23:61:56:30 to connect to 84:a4:23:61:56:31. I suspect that these are the 2.4 gHz and 5 gHz channels of your router.

I suggest that you try binding Network Manager to one or the other like this: Ubuntu connect drops. Worked for a while then started dropping again

If this is ineffective, rename the SSIDs to something like router2.4 and router5. Connect to one and stick to it.


Ubuntu 16.04 takes more than 1min 30s to boot

If you don't use snap you can disable snap services

If you don't use Mobile Broadband (2G/3G/4G) devices you can disable Modem Manager


failed to bind shortcut under gnome-do to Super + Space ( Unity on Ubuntu 16.10 )

This problem is being caused by the keyboard layout switcher which is hugging the Super + Space shortcut.

The "En" icon.

Settings of this app can be found in System Setting -> Text Entry

and can be easily changed to for e.g. Ctrl + Super + Space to release the needed shortcut.

After this adjustment Gnome-Do will be able to takeover the Super + Space shortcut


Bash:cd:No such folder or directory , but it exists

$BD is an environment variable.  If "$BD" is actually the name of your directory, you should rename the directory.  If for some reason you can't, you can address it by making the entire pathname literal with single-quotes ('), thus:

cd '$BD/android-python27' && '$SCRIPTS/python.sh'

If $BD is in fact supposed to be a variable, it is undefined, and you need to set it, thus:

export BD=/path/to/container/directory/


How do I get screen brightness controls to work with Intel HD3000 graphics?

Is this possible in either 11.10 or, if I upgrade, 12.04?

Intel HD Graphics 3000 works perfectly on my Lenovo T520; recognized automatically, all resolutions available, Unity (3D) enabled; no need to install any additional drivers (in fact, that option lists nothing in System Settings).

I strongly recommending upgrading to 12.04, because it gives you a newer kernel and a lot of the basic graphics driver functionality is incorporated into the kernel these days.

As for the screen brightness keys, that is not a function of the graphics driver but rather ACPI (the mechanism for controlling power); that is also primarily supported through kernel (modules), so upgrading should give you a higher chance of that working too.

Once you upgrade, please post a new question about any little problems that may remain, and we can try to help you out.


Strange file directories that I cannot delete

They are very much indeed most definitely shadow copies, and also discussed over at https://serverfault.com/questions/357069/how-to-hide-shadow-copies-in-nfs-shares which might at least point you in the right direction.


Upgrading from unstable release to LTS it's a bad idea. Use clean install. It prevents you from too many problems in a future.


Gedit syntax highlighting won't work for a new langauge

You should change id attribute in 2 places, in the main tag <language> and tag <context> (child of <definitions>):

…
<language id="nesc" _name="nesC" version="2.0" _section="Source">
  <metadata>
    <property name="mimetypes">text/x-nesc</property>
    <property name="globs">*.nesc;*.nc</property>
  </metadata>
  …

and

  …
  <definitions>
    <context id="nesc">
      …
    </context>
  </definitions>
</language>

(But I do not know how have you named mime-type.)


Which media player should I use for tv series?

You would be really happy with Miro .

Here a screenshot to show the feature you are looking for. It also shows if you have not finished watching a video, and allows you to resume where you stopped the video.


Cannot move file to trash after auto-mount in ubuntu 15.10

Don't forget to adapt /home/user/shared to your scenario. It is the place where your NTFS partition is mounted. Please note that the directory you specify must exist already, if not create it. It can be anywhere, but in the home folder it is easily accessible. So if your username is "bart", a good location would be /home/bart/ntfs:

sudo mkdir /home/bart/ntfs

As you are saying you use an auto mount, you probably have a fixed location already (so the above command is unneccesary).

Creating a trash, GUI method

You can do this in GUI by adding uid=1000 to the options just above mount point. Don't forget the comma :). Do a reboot to let this take effect.

Creating a trash, CLI method

Open /etc/fstab with an editor, for example gedit:

sudo gedit /etc/fstab

Now add the option "uid=1000" to the NTFS mount line (something like this):

/dev/sda3 /home/user/shared ntfs defaults,uid=1000,noatime 0 0

This will make you the owner and should create a .Trash-1000 folder where deleted files will be placed.

Once you have saved the fstab file, umount and remount the partition (or reboot your computer):

sudo umount /dev/sda3 && sudo mount -a

Source: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1499345


How to fix an external monitor showing only half of the screen?

Go to System Settings/Displays and check the mirror displays option, then click the APPLY button. You may need to change the resolution to get the desktop size you desire.


Remove a Package which has faulty dependencies/postinstall scripts

You can try autoclean:

sudo apt-get autoclean

You can also try force removal (use with caution):

sudo apt-get --force-yes remove package_name


I have the same problem. When I click on compiled executable in Nautilus (Files  3.20.4), I got the message:

  there is no application installed for "shared libraries" files"

There are two workarounds.

Just create a one line script in the same directory:

./my_program

and set Allow executing file as program in Nautilus. (Or add +x via chmod.)
Open this directory in Terminal and run there. (or drag and drop the file from Nautilus to Terminal)


With the power off, press and HOLD DOWN the ASSIST button, and then power it up. This should give you the BIOS menu, from which you can change the boot order to make it boot from CD.


http://apple.stackexchange.com is a very nice place to find out how to make the command line dance in OS X.

As for a lightweight Linux to solve your problem, I'd recommend  Lubuntu 14.10  which fits on a CD, and will work on Intel Macs, while giving you a full feature set.

And, please select the answer here which serves you best and click on the checkmark at left, to give attaboys/attagirls to the best answer, so other folks can see what works, and so the folks who donate their time to delve into answers get ten points closer to Immunity to Kryptonite or Eternal Enlightenment.


Why hamachi time-outs after 5 minutes or so?

Just solved creating a config file in hamachi directory (where the other files client.pub, client.pri, etc. are located) and just writing

KeepAlive 100

Then I restarted hamachi and it all worked (I discovered today that even from the office the connection timed-out after 10 minutes, so something happened during the week-end that screwed things a bit).

Thanks anyway!!


In the past I fixed such issues in dualboot environments by modyfying the following variable in /etc/default/rcS:

# assume that the BIOS clock is set to UTC time (recommended)
UTC=no


Canonical's Ubuntu Advantage program has a software called Landscape. You'll find it at http://landscape.canonical.com or in System Settings in a running 12.04 install.


You have to install the package npm.

sudo apt-get install -y npm


Every day or two, the CPU VM receives up to 250% load for several hours

you have to see inside OS (ubuntu) and dig there to see what is called. Each day for examlpe cron calls are called for bunch of sys and some other software that you run on your box, so I suggest to look there
you can take a look if you ls -a /etc/cron.daily, I have this one:
root@drvo:/# ll /etc/cron.daily/
total 60K
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4.0K Feb 15 12:46 ./
drwxr-xr-x 120 root root  12K Feb 15 12:43 ../
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root  376 Jun  2  2020 apport*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root 1.5K Aug 11  2020 apt-compat*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root 1.1K Jun 27  2020 dpkg*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root  377 Sep 10 18:15 logrotate*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root 1.1K Jul  5  2020 man-db*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root 1.4K Apr  2  2020 ntp*
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  102 Feb 13  2020 .placeholder
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root  349 Apr  9  2019 quota*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root 1007 Feb 23  2020 rkhunter*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root  286 Aug 11  2020 roundcube-core*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root 1.5K Oct 15  2018 webalizer*


How do I use a different drive as an installation location for Steam?

Some points not addressed in the above answers:

While Steam lets you create multiple libraries, it appears some games can only be installed in the primary library. I suspect this applies to games (eg, those using the Source engine like TF2) with shared content.
Using a symlink to move the SteamApps library folder out of the Steam directory causes problems, since some games appear for whatever reason not to follow symlinks. Certainly this TF2 bug is related, but others may also be. (It appears you can do this successfully using a bind mount, but this is unnecessary - see below).

However, to answer the original question - you can just move the Steam folder entirely to a new location (eg, to move it to /opt/Steam):

sudo mv ~/.local/share/Steam /opt

Once it is moved, attempt to start Steam (using the Unity icon or /usr/bin/steam). You will get a message:

Couldn't find Steam content, did you move it?

Which will let you select the new Steam directory. Subsequently it will start normally.

This worked moving Steam to another ext4 filesystem. I do not know whether this will work if you change the permissions or attempt to use a non-linux filesystem.
I have not tried sharing a library directory between Windows and Linux steam. I suspect this would end badly.
Moving the Steam directory will usually make SteamGuard require an unlock code the next time you start Steam.


Display size increased after restarting the Ubuntu 16.04

As you said you tried all the previous things, maybe you have an issue with your HDMI cable connector. Maybe the wire has a defect.

Check the connection or change the wire and see if it works - that fixed the problem in my case.


When you have downloaded the .tar.gz file from AWS you can either double click on it in nautilus and pull the files out by using the archive-manager or you could when you know the path to your file simply unpack it in terminal (ctrl+alt+t) by:

cd /path-where-you-want-to-unpack/
tar -xf /pat-to-your-archive/archive-name.tar.gz


Resolution problems with Dell XPS 15 9550 but only in X11, in Wayland it's fine

Ok, I figured it out. I had to fix a dependency issue with my nvidia graphics driver, purge the nvidia drivers (and the xorg config, more importantly) and then revert to open source drivers. After an hour and a half of searching, I figured it out, I booted back into xorg, and finally, the resolution options updated to allow me to change to 1080p.

Back in business!


There have been recent changes in PostgreSQL related to fsync that turn out to be problematic with the Windows Linux Subsystem. The specific PANIC error you mention is currently discussed on the PG mailing list, with a proposed patch:

WSL (windows subsystem on linux) users will need to turn fsync off as of 11.2

Note that the workaround suggested in the subject, turning fsync to off, is not for production use. It's only okay if you're playing around with Postgres on WSL, and don't really care about the durability of your data. Some say that WSL itself is not for production use anyway.

The fact that /var/run/postgresql does not exist is completely unrelated.
/var/run is typically mounted on a RAM disk and  is created by the startup scripts that you're side-stepping by using your manual launch procedure. The typical normal procedure is something like systemctl start postgresql, which works when everything is configured normally, and takes care of creating this directory with the proper permissions.


sudo 1.8.16 update wants to wipe out my sudo privilege?

The difference is that

/snap/bin is added to the secure_path variable, which should be done, at least if you have any snaps installed.
jiri   ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL would be removed, which granted the user jiri full root-sudo privileges.

So the second change would remove user jiri's explicitly configured sudo privilege.

However, on Ubuntu you should normally not add user accounts to /etc/sudoers manually but add them to the user group sudo instead. That one is configured by the line %sudo    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL which obviously stays intact.

So if your user jiri is in the sudo group (verify by running groups jiri), you can remove that line in question without worries. If not, you should add user jiri to the sudo group (by running sudo adduser jiri sudo) and remove the line in question afterwards.


I found the solution!
I installed the latest wine version, with the latest winetricks.
I installed these libraries with winetricks: vcrun2008 vcrun2010 vcrun2012 vcrun2013 atmlib msxml3 msxml6 gdiplus allfonts
as this page suggested : https://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=version&iId=34741
So playonlinux is wrong. Now I have a bit issue with the viewport. I have to click on it to update. ( a bit annoying but ok)


Error when running binary with root setuid under encrypted home directory

The nosuid mount option is used when the eCryptfs mount is set up. This is done for security reasons to prevent privilege escalation attacks.

You can move the ncsvc binary outside of your home directory (just like you did with /opt/juniper/) and create a symlink from your ~/.juniper_networks/network_connect/ncsvc to the new location.


How to configure ssh authentication with ldap without password

You need openssh-lpk (https://code.google.com/p/openssh-lpk/). I do not know if there is a package for ubuntu though; last time I used it I had to apply patch and make my own package.


Permission when running script in Vagrant using Vagrantfile

This looks familiar to me. I've written some shell scripts for Vagrant provisioning and did hit a lot of issues before I can run it.

This could be related to rbenv, check the following

You don't need sudo to install Ruby via rbenv + ruby-build (see you get permission error?)
The correct way to install Ruby via rben is -> rbenv install 2.1.2 -v
After installing ruby via rbenv, you may have to restart shell (I used exec $SHELL -l which worked fine for my script)
For ubuntu, you are NOT supposed to use $HOME/.bash_profile, as per rbenv docs, you should be using $HOME/.bashrc

Fix all above and see if it works.


Cannot remove previously chmoded files on separate home partition after fresh install (upgrade)

I think you should try this solution :
https://serverfault.com/questions/35076/need-to-fix-file-permissions-in-a-users-home-directory

find /home/user -type d -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 0775
find /home/user -type f -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 0664

You might need sudo though :

sudo find /home/user -type d -print0 | sudo xargs -0 chmod 0775
sudo find /home/user -type f -print0 | sudo xargs -0 chmod 0664


Using gparted you should be able to select the ntfs partitions you want to delete and delete them - Once deleted you have to format the unpartitioned space into ext4 or fat32 (again using gparted) - If you dont want to completely remove windows you can shrink the windows partition down using diskmgmt.msc from windows

If you decide to completely remove Windows via gparted as described you will have to either 1) flag your sda5 partition as boot or 2) create a new partition for /boot and and move the files from its current location to the new /boot partition. Also you will want to remove windows from the grub menu -

A tool that I use to 'fix' my grub boot loader is (http://sourceforge.net/projects/boot-repair-cd/files/) - I have this installed on a usb that i keep in my toolbox

If you want to manually do this:

Make a bootable disk for Gparted - (http://gparted.org/livecd.php)
I use this to make bootable usb's - (http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/) - however you want will be good bud.

Gparted can be used to make a boot partition (mine is formatted ext2 but i dont think theres any issue with making it all ext4) - minimum size of this partition is 200 mb (you dont want it to be too big at all) and you will want to flag it as /boot.

Some examples for you: (Things are named aptly so you can logically see the process)

/dev/sda2 - 200 MB new boot partition
/dev/sda1 - 50 GB existing linux partition

Make mount points.

mkdir /mnt/newboot /mnt/existing

Mount the partitions:

mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/newboot
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/existing

Copy /boot files:

cp -a /mnt/existing/boot/* /mnt/newboot/

Unmount the boot partition from /mnt and remount to /boot:

umount /dev/sda2
mount /dev/sda2 /newboot

To remove windows from Grub:

sudo gedit /boot/grub/grub.cfg

You can (put a #) in front of each line to "comment out" the entries pertaining to Microsoft Windows - or if you are comfy with just deleting them - so be it.  I usually make a copy of any conf file i mess with and save it in my home dir just in case i screw something up.


Cannot install vsftpd - E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Solve. I noticed that after sudo apt-get install vsftpd I got this error in my log

dpkg-deb (subprocess): decompressing archive member: lzma error: Cannot allocate memory

That means that I must free some RAM. So I killed another process and everything works now.


Maximize, Minimize and Close Buttons are not visible with Adwaita theme

Take a look a this; http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2011/10/gnome-shell-ubuntu-11-10-guide/

In here I read this, and quote:

  The default theme of Gnome 3 is Adwaita, which doesn't look great
  under Unity. So, if you want you can change themes here. Unlike Gnome
  2, there is no option to add new themes here.

  So, now we are pretty much done, as much as we can with Gnome 3
  settings.


how do I save files directly to the cloud from ubuntu?

Google has not released a dedicated Drive plug-in for Linux like they did for Windows and Mac. So have to use a cloud-service that does support Linux like dropbox or use and third party client for Google drive.

I can't say which program is best for needs but here is an article that describes some options. The article


Well, if you have a "proper" ubuntu install i.e not the one through windows, you can easily  later remove Windows.


Your problem is probably that sakis3g is not in a default location. Modify your script to use the full path. For example, if sakis3g is in your $HOME/bin folder, make your script look like this:

#!/bin/bash
sleep 6
/home/bibi/bin/sakis3g connect


I tried adding the noacpi option and it successfully booted the livecd / liveusb


You can copy the default $HOME/.profile that your user account was created with from the /etc/skel directory:

cp -i /etc/skel/.profile ~/

Obviously you will lose any customisations that you made to the file.


Because ls stats all the files first, outputs error messages for the missing files, then it sorts the existing filenames and outputs them.

So the redirections have no impact on the order of the output. You can test this by writing a simple command that outputs something to both fds, and their order will be the same

$ f() { echo stdout; echo stderr >&2; }
$ f > /tmp/output 2>&1
$ cat /tmp/output
stdout
stderr
$ f 2> /tmp/output >&2
$ cat /tmp/output
stdout
stderr


delete several files but leave the selected one

As by deleting files one can get into serious problems, I would recomend moving unwanted files to some folder before deleting them from the disk. Let's create folder wastebasket and place it in ~:

mkdir ~/wastebasket/

Then, let's cd to the folder, which requires cleaning, and move all files except one, named precious, to wastebasket:

cd mess/
ls -1 | grep -xv precious | xargs -i mv -i {} ~/wastebasket/

If everything went as expected, delete the wastebasket:

rm -rf wastebasket


Can i use an existing 14.04 installation to create a dual-boot 16.04 installation?

This will be a good option if you have a good knowledge in command line and when there is no usb access or any other interfaces.


Arabic numbers/dates showing in various places

Open Language Support and change the regional formats setting to your liking.


UNABLE_TO_VERIFY_LEAF_SIGNATURE after `apt install npm`

The error disappears after reboot; after you sudo apt install npm, reboot the computer.


Unity, Files/Nautilus doesn't appear on alt+tab switcher

Add the Nautilus app to the left panel launcher and now it appears on the application switcher.


The information you get from the /sys interface is what the kernel is getting back from the ACPI battery information from _BIF or _BIX.  The _BIF and _BIX objects are normally populated from information from the smart battery which itself is usually gathered over some kind of i2c interface to an Embedded Controller (EC) and the ACPI controls get the data from the EC.   So the issue may be in the underlying firmware or ACPI controls.


I had a similar problem. I ended up removing the hdd, leaving just a single SATA device - the SSD - in the computer and installing Ubuntu on it. Once this is done I added the hdd back in place.


Why does an 'access is denied' message appear when I log in to an Ubuntu share folder?

[test222]
        path = home/hiddai/linshare'

That is a read only share so if you try to add something to it Win10 will issue a Destination Folder Access Denied error.
Although it is not a problem for samba and it will work just fine as it is from a Linux perspective your path is missing a leading / as in /home/hiddai/linshare
I don't know if that apostrophe at the end of linshare' is a typo or if that is the real name of the folder. If it's a typo Win10 will issue a Windows cannot access \\server\test222 error.
And one other complication may be if hiddai's home directory is encrypted. If it is then only one user will be able to access that share and that is hiddai.

If your intent was to create a writeable share that requires authentication to access on a folder in an encrypted home folder you might want to see if something like this works better:

[test222]
        path = /home/hiddai/linshare
        read only = No
        force user = hiddai


Cannot enable Firefox "submit crash report" option

It seems that I have discovered the answer. When I asked Firefox to Never remember history, the Submit crash report option will always become unchecked after closing and reopening. However when I changed it to Remember history, the Submit crash report option can finally remain checked.

This is possibly due to the fact that no crash report can be submitted if no history is stored according to the current way the browser is set. In fact, the same thing happens using Firefox in Windows.


Dual boot W10/xubuntu: fast startup removed but since I put to sleep W10 once I couldn't mount that partition where windows os is installed

Even when you say : it isn't hibernation because the option isn't active ...

Boot Windows - open command prompt as administrator and execute :

powercfg /h off

Shutdown your computer completely (do NOT reboot) - Turn on the PC.

Boot Xubuntu, now you should be able to mount the Windows partition.


Suspend after lid is closed longer than X minutes

For Ubuntu 16 add this to auto run commands.
This example delays on 20 minutes(s-seconds, d-days)

systemd-inhibit --what=handle-lid-switch sleep 20m


Canon MG 2220 scanner not working in Ubuntu Mate 18.04

You should download libpng12 from previous supported Ubuntu version:

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/libp/libpng/libpng12-0_1.2.54-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./libpng12-0_1.2.54-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb

Then continue as you did before.

I recommend to use official Canon site with drivers. The do the following steps (download, install dependencies and Canon drivers):

cd ~/Downloads
wget http://gdlp01.c-wss.com/gds/7/0100004697/01/scangearmp-mg2200series-2.00-1-deb.tar.gz
tar -xf scangearmp-mg2200series-2.00-1-deb.tar.gz
sudo apt-get install libpango1.0-0 libpangox-1.0-0 libusb-0.1-4
sudo sh install.sh


How does Ubuntu handle laptops with Microsoft Precision Touchpads?

The answer is that it doesn't make a difference; it's just a better, higher-resolution touchpad. The synaptics driver or libinput will both drive it without complaint, albeit with higher resolution and perhaps more fingers at a time recognized.


How to put the default calculator into radian mode?

You can do this by editing the settings in the dconf database - either with the dconf-editor or using gsettings:

gsettings set org.gnome.calculator angle-units 'radians'

You will probably want to reverse the default angle conversion as well

gsettings set org.gnome.calculator source-units 'radian'
gsettings set org.gnome.calculator target-units 'degree'

Viz.


How can I batch convert mkv files to mp4?

for f in *.mkv; do avconv -i "$f" -codec copy "${f%.mkv}.mp4"; done


You've multiple options if you want to point /home/deploy/.BuildServer to an other directory, /under_root/somefolder/.

1) Create a symlink

ln -s /under_root/somefolder/ /home/deploy/.BuildServer

You should remove the .BuildServer directory first. Alternatively, you can move the .BuildServer directory to the new location:

mv /home/deploy/.BuildServer/ /under_root/somefolder/

Now run the ln command (see above).
Note: the user accessing /under_root/somefolder/ should have access to that folder. Say the user is deploy, somefolder is owned by deploy, but /under_root is owned by some other user. You've now two possibilities: let deploy be a member of the group, used for /under_root and give add the execute bit to the group. (chmod g+x /under_root). The other case is that deploy cannot have the groupship over /under_root. In that case, make sure that anybody can dive in the directory: chmod o+x /under_root). This has to be done for every folder "above" /under_root/somefolder.

2) Bind mount

This can only be done by a user with root permissions (ask your sysadmin).

mount --bind /under_root/somefolder /home/deploy/.BuildServer

Using this method, there is no need to mess with the permissions of /under_root. Another advantage over symlinks is that this method works even if ssh chroots to /home/deploy.


permission denied error while opening a config file

The first approach would be to check if you have privileges to read/find in the folder you are into. You could try the same command with sudo.

I hope you manage to run your example.


New video card stops at Ubuntu startup screen

I resolved this by:

sudo apt-get remove nvidia-current-updates

I then went and deleted /etc/X11/xorg.conf (which appeared to have been generated by the Nvidia install) and restarted the machine.

System came up with a base working GUI. Yay!


BleachBit (Available in the software center)

BleachBit quickly frees disk space and tirelessly guards your privacy. Free cache, delete cookies, clear Internet history, shred temporary files, delete logs, and discard junk you didn't know was there. Designed for Linux and Windows systems, it wipes clean 90 applications including Firefox, Internet Explorer, Adobe Flash, Google Chrome, Opera, Safari,and more. Beyond simply deleting files, BleachBit includes advanced features such as shredding files to prevent recovery, wiping free disk space to hide traces of files deleted by other applications, and vacuuming Firefox to make it faster. Better than free, BleachBit is open source.

Ubuntu Tweak

Ubuntu Tweak is an application to
config Ubuntu easier for everyone.
It provides many useful desktop and
system options that the default
desktop environment doesn't provide.
With its help, you will enjoy with the
experience of Ubuntu!


How To Install Windows 7 on Hard disk with VirtualBox?

It's possible, but it is complex, and out-topic here.

You can find a tutorial on the VirtualBox site. To summarize it you need to:

Configure your virtual machine to be as close as possible to the real hardware, specially the MAC addresses of the virtualiced NICs
Copy the DMI information from your BIOS to your virtual machine.
Install Windows 7 in the real hardware
Create a VDK for the raw disk.
Create a new user, with raw access to the disk to run the VM
Make some Vodoo to restore the Windows MBR.
Install Guest Additions, hope that they don't conflict with real driver.


Ubuntu 14.04.3 live USB not booting in pre-installed Windows 10 machine

Finally, I was able to install Ubuntu 14.04.3 in my new machine. Following is what I did, if it helps someone else.

My machine is HP-Pavilion x360 Convertible. It comes with Windows 10 pre-installed.

Initially I tried using Sandisk Ultra 3.0 32GB as the LiveUSB. It supports USB 3.0. I tried connecting it to sub 3.0 port as well as 2.0 port, landing with the same error(mentioned in the question).
After, I tried using another Sandisk 32 GB that has dual head, one for smart phone, dont know the name of it. It comes with USB 3.0 as well.
This one also gave the same error for 3.0 and 2.0 ports.
And, I tried using the 15.10 image as well in both the USBs, landing in the same error.

After going through a lot of posts once more, I finally bought Sandisk 8GB Cruzer, which  lot of posts says to be working properly. Luckly, it worked for me as well. I installed Ubuntu 14.04.3.

I installed using the first option of 'Install alongside Windows Boot Manager'. This was done with Secure Boot enabled. That means, I didnt change any UEFI firmware settings other than adding initial 5 seconds delay, so that I can enter the UEFI settings by pressing 'ESC' key at start.

After installation, I ran into the next problem, booting to Ubuntu.
I could not modify the boot order, with any of the tools (efibootmgr, Boot-repair, EasyUEFI) or commands (bcdedit /set path {bootmgr} \EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi). What finally worked was, I started boot-repair, and inside Advanced Options> Main Options, I enabled 'Backup and rename Windows EFI files', and ran the repair boot. This solved the booting problem. Now, after power-on, it goes straight into the Grub menu, with a lot of entries, ubuntu as the first listed. But the default selected entry was 'Windows Boot Manager'. I then updated the Grub file to point to 'Ubuntu', from the Boot-repair.

I had the next problem, not connecting to wireless networks, rather, wireless connection not enabled. Again, after going though a lot of posts, I disabled bluetooth, and restarted. After restart, I saw the 'Enable Wireless' option, but could not tick it. I used the lspci -vnn command, which I found in a post (not able to find it now).

All these solved my problem of getting a proper Ubuntu 14.04 LTS up in my new Convertible.

Hope this might be of some help to someone else.
I have my next problem, brightness buttons not working. I am going behind that.

Thanks.


First create a "good environment" (not sure with the textonomy), it means that you have to create a link/connection between your installation and Live USB OS before trying that out. You can check that here. You can take refrence from this answer on how to make good enviroment.

Then follow steps given on linuxslaves.com .


go to startup applications preferences and than click on add type the name off the program and use to command from the file or thing and click add and thats about it :D


I guess you're talking about "System Settings". Open it with:

gnome-control-center

Ubuntu 14.04 or later:

unity-control-center

Jump directly to a specific panel by passing its name to gnome-control-center:

gnome-control-center display

Ubuntu 14.04 or later:

unity-control-center display

The panel names are:

background
bluetooth
color
datetime
display
info
keyboard
mouse
network
online-accounts
power
printers
region
screen
sound
universal-access
user-accounts
wacom

Xfce:

xfce4-settings-manager


Themes & Icons not loading after logging in quickly

Try changing line 4 of

/etc/xdg/autostart/unity-settings-daemon.desktop

to

Exec=bash -c "sleep 2; /usr/lib/unity-settings-daemon/unity-settings-daemon-localeexec"

This should give a couple of second to unity to think of what to do :D


Sure you can use the Desktop version. The server one is simply more streamlined and comes with certain packages installed by default. In the Desktop version, you will need to install things like apache (the webserver) yourself. So, it might take a few more steps to set up but it will work perfectly well.

You can find all the information you need on the official help pages:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ApacheMySQLPHP


Ubuntu crashed after browser froze and I powered off. When I tried to reboot, everything was gone

Your 120GB SSD with your OS on it seems to be completely dead.

It's not detected by BIOS

You can try opening the case and re-seating the SSD.
However, if that doesn't work, then replace the hardware and reinstall Ubuntu onto it. Nothing more you can do. Dead SSD is dead.

You have reached the limit of amateur effort. If you have truly valuable data on the SSD, you can pay for commercial data recovery.


It seems you have to repair boot. There is a tool that make it very easy.

Boot from a Ubuntu installed in a usb pendrive,
Install Boot Repair by running these commands in terminal, one-by-one, and accepting prompts:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Run Boot Repair (press Super, type "boot-repair" and Enter)


How to Zip all folder in folder with password and remove folder after zip done?

I would use srm to delete.

sudo apt-get install secure-delete

zip -P password -r targetFolder.zip targetFolder; srm -rv targetFolder

If you want to speed things up with less secure deletion, instead of 27 passes or random data written accross the files only a pass of zeros will be written:

zip -P password -r targetFolder.zip targetFolder; srm -fzrv targetFolder

One thing to take into consideration is:

file-journaling type file systems
swap
hardware medium (SDD/HDD)

Read more here:

 man srm

Gutmann_method


PC started having screen glitches after update

The -49 and -50 kernels are flawed, and have been withdrawn. There are graphics issues (possibly only with internal Intel video subsystems).
Boot your computer. At the GRUB menu, select the 2nd choice, Advanced Options (or some such), and select your -48 kernel, or earlier if you don't have -48, and run off of that for now.
Keep up to date with Software Updater and once you see the -51 kernel, or later, then select it at next boot.
Update #1 (for @dspacejs):
Start Synaptic and install these files (search for 5.8.0-48)...

Run:
ls -al /boot

Confirm that initrd.img-5.8.0-48-generic is there.
If it's not there, then run:
sudo update-initramfs -c -k 5.8.0-48-generic

Then:
sudo update-grub
reboot

At the GRUB menu, select Advanced Options, then select the -48 kernel to boot from.


Network icon dropdown menu missing some items

This apparently seems to be a bug. Found the bug report in launchpad:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/network-manager-applet/+bug/1006141

Now  i didn't really found a solution but it's more like a workaround. It is easy to pop up a terminal and kill the nm-applet process and then restart it again. I dit it like this.

Look up the process:
ps -A | grep nm-applet

3084 pts/0    00:00:00 nm-applet

Then kill the process:
kill 3084
And then restart the applet:
nohup nm-applet &

And this restarts your network applet and you will see the drop down menu.
Like a said it is not really a solution. So if you have found another way please let me know.


How to uninstall termite installed from source?

Part 1

A look into the installation script shows that it downloads the source code of two pieces of software and builds and installs them using Make. As usually the build descriptions also include a rule to uninstall:

Open a terminal and change the current working directory to the one you used to execute the installation script.
Invoke the uninstallation rules of each installed piece of software:

sudo make -C termite uninstall
sudo make -C vte-ng uninstall

Update the shared library database:

sudo ldconfig

Additionally and optionally you can remove the involved source code directories:

rm -r termite vte-ng

Part 2

The installation script also does a few other things that you can reverse:

Remove the alternatives entry for termite:

sudo update-alternatives --remove x-terminal-emulator /usr/local/bin/termite

If you had selected a different default terminal emulator manually before the installation of termite you can do so again with:

sudo update-alternatives --config x-terminal-emulator

Remove the (now broken) symbolic link to the terminfo file:

sudo rm /lib/terminfo/x/xterm-termite


since Windows 8 is not on your plans (and from what I could read in your question, I think it is not working anymore), only Ubuntu, my suggestions for your specific hardware which I also happen to have are the following taking into consideration that you have made a backup of everything you need from the hard drive and that Windows 8 does not matter. So with this in mind, we can continue (This was the last resort I had to do with this specific laptop):

Go to the BIOS / UEFI Settings and disable SecureBoot, UEFI and set the BIOS to be legacy mode. Ubuntu can still be installed with SecureBoot/UEFI enabled but we are simplifying the whole chaotic installation procedure here. Also check any additional settings and make sure they are on default (Like avoiding tuning anything).
Insert the Ubuntu Live USB (Does not matter if it was made with pendrivelinux, USB Creator or anything else, if it boots and it gets to the Ubuntu Live USB Desktop then you are OK. Also, when booting the USB, select the MemTest option to check for memory problems.
When the Ubuntu Live USB Desktop appears (By simply selecting "Try Ubuntu before installing"), open Dash and run GPARTED. We are going to go all the way with the hard drive.
When GPARTED opens, delete the whole drive. Simply delete it. Remove all partitions and make sure we are starting from scratch. After everything is deleted and GPARTED says everything is OK, close GPARTED and open the Ubuntu installer.
Follow the whole Ubuntu installing procedure (Your option to choose either automatic partitioning or doing it manually)

It should work now without any problems. Let me know how it went please.


Configure Microsoft Exchange email on Ubuntu

Ubuntu, by default, has the Mozilla Thunderbird e-mail client in it. Open up Unity's search bar, and search for "Thunderbird" (sorry if this sounds like a n00b). You can install plugins in Thunderbird to enable MS Exchange.

Open up Thunderbird.
Go to Tools>Addons.
Type ExQuilla in the Search field.
Install ExQuilla.
Now exit and restart Thunderbird.

Now go to Tools-you will see ExQuilla in the options-and follow the steps to connect to Microsoft Exchange.

You have to consider that this is not a free tool:

  Thunderbird email accounts, including contacts, connecting to Microsoft Exchange Web Services. This is a 60 day trial of a paid add-on.

License update:

  Previously this required a paid license. Versions 52 and earlier still require a license, but beginning in March 2018, those licenses are distributed automatically without charge. Upcoming version 60 will not require a license.


Update Python 2.7 to latest version of 2.x

Ubuntu 18.04 and newer:

The new version of Ubuntu no longer uses python 2, so you need to install it with:

sudo apt install python-minimal

Ubuntu 17.04 and older:

The answer appears to be to add a third party repository:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/python-2.7
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python2.7
python --version


I have this problem as well, and have found that pressing ESC and then moving my mouse fixes the problem.

It only seemed to start happening after I got an additional monitor.


Why does serial device only work on one USB port?

Perhaps there are some clues in stackoverflow.

What's your output of ls -l /sys/class/tty with and without your device in the USB port?

Another way to determine what /dev/ttyS* your device is connected to:

sudo apt-get install getserial

sudo setserial -g /dev/ttyS*

If you only have one connected device, it should be possible to parse the output of setserial to determine what port your device is connected to.

(external source)

If neither of these solutions work, I would probably try to filter the dmesg output, e.g. (assuming 'pl2303' is the giveaway string):

dmesg | perl -ne '/pl2303.*(tty\w+)/ && print $1,"\n"'

should print your ttyUSB device string that you may try to connect to instead of /dev/ttyS*.


How to recover accidentally removed /bin/ls binary

You could check which package brings ls binary using dpkg:

$ dpkg -S /bin/ls
coreutils: /bin/ls

dpkg will show you that it is package coreutils. Now you only need to reinstall it:

$ sudo apt-get install --reinstall coreutils


Use liveCD , 'try ubuntu' mode go and check your GParted ;)

If your want just overwrite everything and install fresh version of Ubuntu - just delete everything and use GUI installer - easy

or

printout here 'df -l' ( from terminal )


I was just trying the same, it seems that the Realtek drivers are not compatible with new linux Kernels e.g. Ubuntu 13.04

Yes, Tim Phillips has produced a great solution to this problem. See this thread
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2092934&page=2&highlight=8188CUs

Tim has made available a .deb file that fixes the 13.04 installation bug and included a dkms fix so it's no longer necessary to recompile after each kernel upgrade. Here's a link to the .deb file: https://code.google.com/p/realtek-8188cus-wireless-drivers-3444749-ubuntu-1304/


Ubuntu forward ports, default state, forwarding not working?

For begining you look on witch port your web application work under ubuntu

netstat -a

Is averting ok you will see:

tcp        0      0 *:9090                   *:*                     LISTEN

This mean that you server listen for incoming connection on this port.
Default port for https is 443. Maybe you server listen on that port.

If is iptables without rules is disabled.
To catch traffic on 9090 and redirect to 443 add before filter section in /etc/ufw/before.rules

*nat
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 9090 -j REDIRECT --to-port 443
COMMIT

Then restart ufw.


Remaster / customize 16.04 live CD image and make USB bootable

Run isohybrid(1), which will rewrite the ISO to make it USB bootable:

$ isohybrid customized_ubuntu.iso

Then you can use Startup disk creator, or some other tool, to write the image to a USB disk.

Startup disk creator (which lives in package usb-creator) simply ends up doing the equivalent of a dd, at least for ISO images (I didn't check what it does for .img files), and so is unrelated to this problem.


Could you please check the directory "/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/" and remove the contents from it. Then try to run the update, I think this will solve your problem.

sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/*


Have you installed the nvidia driver? That will install libvdpau which will give you vdpau support. Install the driver via hardware drivers or software center.


Assuming that you tried to install mysql-client-core-5.6 first.

Open your terminal and type:

sudo apt-get purge mysql-client-core-5.6
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get install mysql-client-core-5.5
sudo apt-get install mysql-server


Unable to change brightness in a Lenovo z500 laptop with Ubuntu 15.10

I have exactly the same model of PC and the same problem as you.
I don't know how to solve this problem
but just boot into windows and change your brightness level as you want,
you will see the difference next time when you boot into Ubuntu.
but remember not to dim the screen otherwise you have you do this again...


Problem with installing NVIDIA drivers on Ubuntu Server

There's no need to add the graphics drivers PPA to install the version 390 of the Nvidia drivers in Ubuntu 18.04 because that version and newer are already in the official repositories for said release.

However, Nvidia recommends, at the time of this writing, the 430 drivers for a GTX1070.

Please do the following:

sudo apt purge nvidia*
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nvidia-graphics-drivers-430

Alternatively, after adding the PPA and refreshing the software sources, the drivers can be installed in GUI at Software&Updates > Additional Drivers by selecting and applying the 430.xx version.


It seems to be a problem with Thunar's Volume Manager.

When I have the Volume Manager enabled and plug in a pendrive, it's mount-point is owned by root and I can't access the files. When I disable the Volume Manager and mount the pendrive manually via right-click, the mount-point is owned by me and I can access the files or create new files.

I'm not sure if this is intended behavior or if it is a bug, I couldn't find a bug-report.

As a work-around you can use the following steps to disable Thunar's Volume Manager and mount the pendrives manually, it shouldn't be too inconvenient.

Unmount and remove the pendrive from the system. In Thunar go to

Edit > Preferences > Advanced Tab

and untick the corresponding checkbox. Close Thunar and open Thunar again. When you plug in the pendrive now, it will be listed in the left pane, but isn't mounted.
Right-click the drive and select Mount. You should be able to drag and drop files now.


How to generate .key file from .cer to publish https:/// server

Normally the key and the certificate are kept in separate files. If you believe the file you have contains both certificate and private key, see this for ways to determine if the key is there and to extract it.

Otherwise you will have to regenerate (or have regenerated) a new certificate and key pair.


Installing AMDGPU-PRO on ubuntu 16.04.03 with a radeon rx vega 56

Have u checked linux-headers version ? I tried to install that driver on my mining rig several times, it hadn't work util I found out that the driver only support linux-headers-4.10.xx , and the Ubuntu 16.04.03 upgraded the kernel to header-4.13.xx (after I accidentally typed: sudo apt-get dist-upgrade) . So try the following:

Find out the linux header version of your Ubuntu:

dpkg -l | grep linux

if your lastest linux-headers/image > 4.10.xx (e.g: 4.13.xxx)) then
Uninstall it:

sudo apt-get purge linux-headers-xxx (your newer version)

sudo apt-get purge linux-image-xxx
Reboot: sudo reboot
Uninstall the amdgpu-pro driver
Reboot
Reinstall then amdgpu driver

Hope it helps


You can install the printer by using a simple procedure with the System/Administration/Printing exactly as you do in a Windows XP printer, but you can find several issues when trying to print to a certain type/model of printers. Which will get your Windows XP printing service stuck.

You can override this behavior by disabling bi-directional printing in the Windows XP printer's preferences.

Good luck!

Note: If this don't fit your needs please just ask and I will delete it. Thank you!

Edit


Mouse cursor size behaviour in Gnome Shell?

I have the opposite problem. I want a large cursor, and made it so, but non gnome apps make it smaller again!

In mint 17, I use the following.

gsettings set org.cinnamon.desktop.interface cursor-size 40

Try gsettings in ubuntu. See here

For me (mint), the change happens straight away and is retained on reboots. However, there was mention of it reverting on ubuntu upon a restart.


I suggest you to go ahead with GUI installation.

First you need to remove wine completely. Below are the commands for the same.

sudo apt-get --purge remove wine

After deleting the files run command:

sudo apt-get remove --purge wine

Do the following to correct any installation error.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoremove

Installation steps:

Click on Ubuntu Software >> Search (Configure Wine)
Click Install.


How to prevent running programs from consuming all RAM and CPU?

I've used  cpulimit to "throttle" out-of-control CPU hungry programs before (Xfce4 Mailwatch Plugin gets hung up & grabs 100% CPU sometimes). cpulimit is a:

    tool for limiting the CPU usage of a process

    cpulimit is a simple program that attempts to limit the CPU usage of a process (expressed in percentage, not in CPU time). This is useful to control batch jobs, when you don't want them to eat too much CPU. It does not act on the nice value or other priority stuff, but on the real CPU usage.
    Besides it is able to adapt itself to the overall system load, dynamically and quickly.

It works by monitoring the target process, and sending "the SIGSTOP and SIGCONT signals to a process, both to verify that it can control it and to limit the average amount of CPU  it  consumes." See:

cpulimit on packages.ubuntu.com
http://limitcpu.sourceforge.net/
How To Limit CPU Usage Of A Process With cpulimit (Debian/Ubuntu)

It should make the rest of your OS more responsive, but I've tried it on Firefox and it tends to render it much less responsive, so may not be the best answer for the Chrome browser. Searching for ways to speed up Chrome itself might be more fruitful.

If you just want a good way to see how much CPU & RAM is in use, and what processes are using them, I'd suggest a system monitoring program (like top, htop, I prefer conky), then when you see something eating all your cpu or ram you can close/restart, etc.

If you're interested in knowing what programs get scheduled to run first, look into scheduling priority & "niceness". Perhaps you could make Chrome act "nicer" without crippling it.
Here's a clip from info coreutils 'nice invocation':

    'nice' prints a process's "niceness", or runs a command with modified
    niceness.  "niceness" affects how favorably the process is scheduled in
    the system.

    Niceness values range at least from -20 (process has high priority
    and gets more resources, thus slowing down other processes) through 19
    (process has lower priority and runs slowly itself, but has less impact
    on the speed of other running processes).  Some systems may have a
    wider range of niceness values; conversely, other systems may enforce
    more restrictive limits.  An attempt to set the niceness outside the
    supported range is treated as an attempt to use the minimum or maximum
    supported value.

    A niceness should not be confused with a scheduling priority, which
    lets applications determine the order in which threads are scheduled to
    run.  Unlike a priority, a niceness is merely advice to the scheduler,
    which the scheduler is free to ignore.  Also, as a point of
    terminology, POSIX defines the behavior of 'nice' in terms of a "nice
    value", which is the nonnegative difference between a niceness and the
    minimum niceness.  Though 'nice' conforms to POSIX, its documentation
    and diagnostics use the term "niceness" for compatibility with
    historical practice.

And here are a few useful-looking links about scheduling

Scheduling (computing) - Linux - Wikipedia
Completely Fair Scheduler - Wikipedia
Scheduling in Linux - Project CSCI 560 - Old, but looks like a good overview (despite the spelling error in the 2nd sentence)

And muru's comment/post on Cgroups (on ArchWiki) looks good, about limiting ram, looks like it could limit CPU cores & "shares" too ("By default all groups have 1024 shares. A group with 100 shares will get a ~10% portion of the CPU time").

The first paragraph of the ArchWiki article also mentions this potentially useful  option, though I think they're mainly for limiting users/groups, see:man pam_limits & man limits.conf

User Limits Made Easy ServerWatch.com tutorial
Understanding PAM limits, pam.d, pam_limits.so, and /etc/pam.d/login


how to move only EFI partition from HDD to SSD without losing any boot entries from EFI partition?

Have you tried booting a GParted live disk/usb? Your EFI partition is locked so GParted cannot do anything to it as things stand. GParted is also available on the Ubuntu install media if you boot into a live session by choosing "Try Ubuntu"

You will need unallocated space on the destination SSD to move your efi partition into. You can create this with GParted by making the large partition slightly smaller.


Creating a custom keyboard layout isn't working

Why not use Xmodmap for what you are doing? A .xmodmaprc to swap alt and control would look like this:

remove control = Control_L
remove control = Control_R
remove    mod1 = Alt_L
remove    mod1 = Alt_R

! make alt keys to control
keycode     64 = Control_L
keycode    108 = Control_R

! and control keys to alt
keycode     37 = Alt_L
keycode    105 = Alt_R

add    control = Control_L Control_R
add       mod1 = Alt_L Alt_R

Where 64 is the keycode of AltL. Your keycodes may vary, you can find them out with xev
Start it and press the AltL key to see the keycode

$ xev
...
KeyPress event, serial 24, synthetic NO, window 0x2c00001,
    root 0xb9, subw 0x0, time 599529285, (-70,692), root:(572,713),
    state 0x10, keycode 64 (keysym 0xffe3, Alt_L), same_screen YES,
    XLookupString gives 0 bytes:
    XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes:
    XFilterEvent returns: False
...

You apply it with

$ xmodmap ~/.xmodmaprc

I remapped my alt and control keys as well. You can take a look at my xmodmap.


First you need to add the repository to your system.  Copy and paste the following to a terminal window:

VirtualBox for Bionic does not support i386 so add this repository:

sudo bash -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian $(lsb_release -cs) contrib" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list'

For 17.10 and older add this one:

sudo bash -c 'echo "deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian $(lsb_release -cs) contrib" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list'

Then you just step through the rest from https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads; or I put the steps below.

You can just copy and paste each of these steps to finish your install of VirtualBox on your system:

Add the key:

Ubuntu 14.04:

wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

Ubuntu 16.04 and newer (18.04 included):

wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

Then do your update and install:

sudo apt-get update

Update:  Now it is Virtualbox 5.2

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-5.2

VirtualBox 6.0 is also available

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-6.0

Last, install your kernel driver for VirtualBox:

sudo apt-get install dkms

If this is a new installation, run the following to add vboxusers group to your username:

sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers $USER

Then log out and back in for changes to take effect.

Then after it is all installed, it is recommended to install the VirtualBox Extension Pack from here.

Hope this helps!


Usb to hdmi cable that works for ubuntu 17.10?

I think HDMI over a 1.1 USB bus would be waayyyy to slow. Buy a brand new laptop with HDMI for $400 or one a couple years old for $100-$200 used. If you are talking desktop it's even cheaper.

HDMI 1.0 bandwidth is 5 billion bits per second

USB 1.1 bandwidth is 12 million bits per second

So even if you could somehow make a physical connection the video you watch wouldn't be 30 frames per second but rather one frame every 416 seconds.


configure: error: gdal-config not found or not executable. Ubuntu 20.10 & R 3.6.3

Solved!
Using apt-get to install libgal have unsolved dependencies, solved them resulted in a system crash. After resolving the boot crash.
Used:
sudo aptitude install libgdal-dev

The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

     Install the following packages:
1)     default-libmysqlclient-dev [1.0.5ubuntu2 (groovy)]
2)     libmysqlclient-dev [8.0.21-1 (groovy)]
3)     libpq-dev [12.4-1 (groovy)]

     Downgrade the following packages:
4)     libmysqlclient21 [8.0.22-0ubuntu0.20.10.2 (now) -> 8.0.21-1 (groovy)]
5)     libpq5 [12.5-0ubuntu0.20.10.1 (now) -> 12.4-1 (groovy)]
6)     postgresql-client-12 [12.5-0ubuntu0.20.10.1 (now) -> 12.4-1 (groovy)]

Now I realized that the R updated from 3.6.3 to 4.0.2 automatically. It should not happen I don't know how to stop the automatic updates so I add the repository for bionic-cran35:
´´´´
sudo add-apt-repository 'deb https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/'
´´´´
I disable all the downloads from internet (Cannonical, community and property). I'm not supposed to but I don't know how to stop that automatic update for R and giving me troubles again.


vsftp specify root directory for anonymous login

Turns out I had to specify anon_root=/var/ftp, not local_root=/var/ftp.
After making these changes and restarting vsftpd everything works as expected.


Is there any simple printer I can install on WINE?

When you install printer-driver-cups-pdf (or cups-pdf for Ubuntu 15.10 and earlier) a PDF printer is added which saves the printed files in ~/PDF/. All the printers installed in your Ubuntu OS also work from WINE, you don't need to do anything about it.
But:
If you just normally installed CUPS on your 64-bit Ubuntu (uname -r gives x86_64 if it is 64-bit), this won't work when you run a 32-bit software like yours from 1995 presumably is. The solution in this case is to install the 32-bit CUPS library, so that 32-bit WINE is also able to find your printers:
sudo apt install libcups2:i386


IP forwarding over OpenVPN (tun0) with external forwarded ports

Your problem is likely occurring due to the following rule:

-A FORWARD -i "$EXTIF" -o "$INTIF" -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

This is only accepting RELATED or ESTABLISHED connections passing into the tun0 (external) interface and out of the p4p1 (internal) interface, so when outside connections attempt to connect to your port-forwarded service, the connection is dropped because it is NEW. You must modify that rule to either exclude the conntrack module altogether, or include the NEW parameter.

Either of the two below rules should solve your issue:

-A FORWARD -i "$EXTIF" -o "$INTIF" -j ACCEPT

-A FORWARD -i $EXTIF -o $INTIF -m conntrack --ctstate NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

Hope this helps


Why does `cd downloads` fail with "No such file or directory"?

Linux file and directory names are case-sensitive. The default name of the downloads directory in Ubuntu is Downloads not downloads.


How to make Guest save theme changes on log-out/shut-down/restart?

You can not. I'm sure there's a way, if you find the script that cleans everything up. But the guest account is supposed to be cleaned after every logout. It's the very definition of the Guest account.

You can change the settings that it starts with. Check this question for information on how to do that.


You can do this in two way: export variable in the middle script or save it in file and source it in lowest script.

I tested this example on lubuntu 12.04:

myapp.conf is the main script and export MYAPP_FOO variable:

# myapp -
description "export environment variable"
env MYAPP_FOO=bar
export MYAPP_FOO

task
console log
script
    exec  echo "$MYAPP_FOO - myapp"
end script

app-web.conf is the middle script that export parent's variable and define and export MYAPP_FOO1

# app-web -
description "export environment variable"
start on starting myapp
env MYAPP_FOO1=bar1
export MYAPP_FOO1
export MYAPP_FOO

task
console log
script
   exec  echo "$MYAPP_FOO - app-web - $MYAPP_FOO1"
end script

Finally app-web1.conf print variable:

# app-web1 -
description "export environment variable"
start on starting app-web

task
console log
script
   exec  echo "$MYAPP_FOO - app-web1 - $MYAPP_FOO1"
end script

I used sudo start myapp and the result in /var/log/upstart/app-web1.log is:

bar - app-web1 - bar1

Another approach is to define your variable in file and source it where you need:

# app-web1 -
description "export environment variable"
start on starting app-web

task
console log
script
   . /path/where/you/want/environmentFile
   exec  echo "$MYAPP_FOO - app-web1 - $MYAPP_FOO1"
end script

Or you can create environmentFile in the middle script:

# app-web -
description "export environment variable"
start on starting myapp
env MYAPP_FOO1=bar1

task
console log
script
   env | grep MYAPP_ > /path/where/you/want/environmentFile
   exec  echo "$MYAPP_FOO - app-web - $MYAPP_FOO1"
end script


Custom naming kernel so it is shown by "uname -sr"

If you ask here, than I assume you use Ubuntu. Here's the instruction, how could you compile your own kernel with renaming it based on xanmod. I use this instruction because of I've used it in the past and I was proceeding successfully on 19.10 Lenovo G55.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential bison flex gcc-8 g++-8
# It is also good to verify which version of GCC runs
# by default.
gcc -v

# If an older version of GCC pops up, you should update
# the default choice. update-alternatives is the preferred
# way to handle stuff like this, which you can achieve with
# something like the following:
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-8 800 --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-8
sudo update-alternatives --config gcc

git clone https://github.com/xanmod/linux.git xanmod --branch 4.17
# You could try other branch release

cd xanmod
make clean

make menuconfig
# It is if you want to modify something. When it will be opened, just Save and Exit.

make localmodconfig
# Any module deemed unnecessary will automatically be removed from your existing build config.

make -j2 deb-pkg LOCALVERSION=-custom
# custom here is what your teacher asks for

Installing:

sudo dpkg -i ../linux-headers*.deb ../linux-image*.deb

Reboot into new kernel and try uname


Error when formatting Hadoop JAVA_HOME is not set

To set Java_Home
1)cd /usr/lib/jvm
2) ls -l
check which java
3)java-6-openjdk-amd64 (or)
java-7-openjdk-amd64
4)vi /etc/environment
paste if java-6-openjdk-amd64
JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-amd64"
paste if java-7-openjdk-amd6
JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64"
save it


apache2 service is not active how can make it active

You can check if apache2 service is already enabled by

sudo service --status-all | grep apache2

The output should be

[ + ]  apache2

If it is not already enabled you can do

sudo update-rc.d apache2 enable


Run a command on GUI (TTY7) on boot/login

Create a script with the editor of your choice.

For my example, let's call it btmap and place it in /home/username/scripts/

Of course you would change username in the path with your actual username.

Put DISPLAY=":0" antimicro in the editor, save and close.

Open a terminal in the scripts folder where the btmap file is.  Type in chmod 755 btmap to make it executable.

Now sudo su and type password in if asked.

Type in echo "/home/username/scripts/btmap" >> /etc/gdm/PostLogin/Default

This will append your Default file with the execution of btmap.

Now reboot and see if it worked.


How install CA certificate for a wireless network?

I had a similar problem ubuntu 13.04. I selected Protected EAP (PEAP) for authentication mode, and ignored choosing a certificate file.

Now I am connected successfully with the following settings.


Install a more recent version of git on a LTS

The PPA ppa:git-core/ppa provides backports of the most current stable version of Git for various Ubuntu versions.

On the command line you can add the PPA using:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:git-core/ppa

If you receive an error stating add-apt-repository was not found, install it with:

sudo apt-get install python-software-properties


I've had similar issues before. Turns out you can change the primary monitor using Nvidia settings, if you are using the proprietary driver.

Just open Nvidia settings, go to displays, and then choose how you want your monitors laid out. Then save your settings. It should preserve your settings on reboot.

If it does not, you can save the settings to the xorg configuration from within the same application. This will ask you for your password as it requires root access.

I'm on my phone so I cannot provide a screenshot or better formatting.


Bonded Connection showing no Network Traffic

Devices eno1 and eno2 does not need to have ip address configured. Ip address configuration is picked up with bond device.

Example for eno1 and eno2 as slaves and the bonding interface bond0 using a simple active-backup setup, with eno1 being the primary interface

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
bond-master bond0
bond-primary eno1

auto eno2
iface eno2 inet manual
bond-master bond0

auto bond0
iface bond0 inet static
address 192.168.0.210
gateway 192.168.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
dsn-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4
bond-mode active-backup
bond-miimon 100
bond-slaves none

One other thing - you have wrong gateway configuration for bond0 device (192.169.0.1 should be 192.168.0.1). See example of bond configuration here and here.


cockpit manage networking interfaces from the "Unmanaged Interfaces" list

You must ensure that no other service that wants to configure the network is running; in fact, multiple networking services will conflict. You can find a list of the currently running services with systemctl --type=service and then stop them.
Also You have to remove/comment out every interface you wish to config through cockpit in /etc/networking/interfaces
Then install and enable networkmanager package.

Everything about setup Network Manager is describe here:
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/NetworkManager
https://wiki.debian.org/NetworkManager


Chrome doesn't support armhf systems, but the community open source Chromium does. Do a one liner sudo apt-get install chromium-browser to install Chromium, which, to the average user, is an exact replica of Google Chrome (logins and everything are supported). If you get an error after this, something saying that a dependency is missing, do sudo apt-get install -f.

Using raspberry pi, maybe? Full browsers tend to run slowly on raspberry pi's, but enjoy it if you can get it to run!


Ubuntu 12.04 or 13.10 and Windows 8.1 in a lenovo Y480

A typical Ubuntu installation alongside Windows will go as follows:

Insert Ubuntu installation disk (LiveDVD or LiveUSB) in the system and boot from it.
Choose Install Ubuntu when asked to either try or install it.
Select language
When Preparing to Install window appears, it will present you with following options

Install Ubuntu alongside your other systems (eg alongside Windows). Select this option in your case.
Erase disk and install Ubuntu (Install Ubuntu over your entire hard drive).
Something else (use manual options for installations, like partitioning hard drive and then install).

Here is the graphical step-by-step installation guide for dual booting Windows and Ubuntu. A more detailed Wiki is available here.


Input redirection (as in cat < file) means the shell is opening the input file and writing its contents to the standard input of another process. Passing the file as an argument (as you do when running cat file) means the program you are using (e.g. cat) needs to open the file itself and read the contents.

Basically, command file passes a file to command while command < file passes the contents of a file to command. Yes, in cases like cat file vs cat < file there is no easily perceived difference in outcome, but but the two work in different ways.

To understand the difference, think of a young child and an adult. Both of them can drink water. However, the adult can open the tap and fill a glass (open the file and read its contents) while the child needs the water to be given to it directly (it can't open the file and can only process its contents).

Some programs, like cat, are capable of taking a filename as input and then opening the file and doing their thing on it. That's why cat file works. Other programs, however, don't have any knowledge of what files are or how to use them. All they know about is input streams (like the file's contents). For example, tr:

$ cat file
foo
$ cat file | tr 'o' 'b'  ## tr can read a stream
fbb
$ tr 'o' 'b' file  ## tr can't deal with files
tr: extra operand ‘file’
Try 'tr --help' for more information.
$ tr 'o' 'b' < file ## input redirection!
fbb

Another example is ls which can deal with files just fine, but ignores input streams:

$ ls
file1  file2
$ ls file1   ## lists only file1: ls takes file names as arguments
file1
$ ls < file1 ## ls ignores its standard input, this is the same as ls alone
file1 file2

Other programs can't deal with streams and instead require files:

$ rm < file ## fails, rm needs a file
rm: missing operand
Try 'rm --help' for more information.
$ rm file ## works, file is deleted

Some programs can deal with both opening files and reading input streams but behave in different ways with each. For example, wc which, when given a file to open, prints the name of the file as well as the number of lines, words and characters:

$ wc file
1 1 4 file

But, if we just give it a stream, it has no way of knowing that this is coming from a specific file so no file name is printed:

$ wc < file
1 1 4

The md5sum command behaves similarly:

$ md5sum file
17fd54512c91e3cd0f70fbaaa9a94d0d  file
$ md5sum < file
17fd54512c91e3cd0f70fbaaa9a94d0d  -

Note that in the first case the file name file is shown while, in the second, "filename"  is -: standard input.

Now, if you want more gritty details, you can use strace to see exactly what's going on:

strace -e trace=open,close,read,write wc file 2>strace1.txt

and

strace -e trace=open,close,read,write wc < file 2>strace2.txt

Those will have all the details of all open(), close() and read() operations run by the process. What you want to see is that strace1.txt (when the file was passed as an argument and not with input redirection) contains these lines:

open("file", O_RDONLY)                  = 3
read(3, "foo\n", 16384)                 = 4

Those mean that the file file was opened and attached to the file descriptor 3. Then, the string foo\n was read from 3. The equivalent part of the strace output when using input redirection is:

read(0, "foo\n", 16384)                 = 4

There is no corresponding open() call, instead the string foo\n is being read from 0, the standard input1.

1 By default, 0 is standard input, 1 is standard output and 2 is standard error. This, by the way, is why file was opened as 3, that was the next available one.


Installation problems through Ubuntu bootable CD

You're getting the mirror bad archive mirror error message because you burnt the Ubuntu ISO to a CD and the current Ubuntu ISOs are too big to fit on a CD. There was a time when the Ubuntu 12.04 ISO could be burnt to a CD, but it has been updated, and now the Ubuntu 12.04.3 ISO is too big to fit on a CD, and so are the ISOs for later Ubuntu releases. So now your two alternatives are to burn the Ubuntu ISO to a DVD or else make an Ubuntu live USB and boot Ubuntu from that.

For more information about how to make an Ubuntu live USB see this answer.


grep: option requires an argument -- 'm'

grep thinks, that -m is an option, the quotes don't matter, they are interpreted by bash, not by grep.

-m NUM, --max-count=NUM

You should use -- to tell grep that no argument follows:
grep -- "-m"

See here: What does “--” (double-dash) mean?


I am not sure if this is what you want, but you can tell Xubuntu to use an area of the workspace. Menu -> Settings -> Setting Manager -> Workspaces will show margins on the right side.

The numbers around the square are the distance from the edge to use for the workspace. By changing those, you can force the applications to not go outside the visible area.

You can still manually move windows outside the margins, but opening windows and maximising applications will stay in the margin set.


Running gmail on chrome in a separate icon on docky?

Press Alt+F2, enter google-chrome --app=http://gmail.com then pin the icon (right click it then click 'Pin to Dock') for the window that appears.

chromium-browser --app=http://gmail.com is the equivalent command for Chromium.

This will work for other websites too.


Forward "local mails" to external SMTP server

If you'r Sendmail/Postfix is configured and running.

Just insert/replace in /etc/aliases

root: email@yourcompany.com


MSI VR601 laptop won't resume after suspend

I too had same issue with my netbook. By discussing it here at askubuntu I came to know that it was because of the ath9k wireless driver for my Atheros wireless LAN. I compiled and installed the drivers by following the answer for this question. You can find out which wlan card you have by executing this command sudo lshw | more.


How to remove write protection from a flash drive?

Depending on whether it's hardware or software protection, this might work.

Open a terminal (CTRL + ALT + T)
Type sudo hdparm -r0 /dev/XdY Where X and Y are the letters identifying your flash drive


How can I permanently disable the internal WiFi adapter?

Unless there is a hardware switch to turn it off, just blacklist the module.

You can find out which module is in use with this:

lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 net

...to blacklist a module, add blacklist module_name to /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf


Copy files from list of files and create necessary directory structure

You can use cpio's pass-through mode with the -d option for that job:

cpio -p -d DESTINATION < FILELIST

This will create a copy of the whole directory structure specified in FILELIST (relative to the current working directory) underneath DESTINATION. With your example you will then have DESTINATION/app/code/community/Company/Module/Block/Adminhtml/BlockAlias.php etc.


Just add the following line to ~/.xsession and run i3wm from lightdm as session:

/usr/libexec/gnome-settings-daemon &

The xsession file should be executable.

This get for me (12.04!) the power events for lid close, power button etc. working and should hence catch to power notification for low power.


Installed Windows 7 with Ubuntu 12 and grub isn't there?

You will need to re-install Grub. Every time I installed Windows AFTER Linux, Windows would write its Master Boot Record (MBR) over Grub, therefore you will need to re-install grub on your drive.

I don't remember the command from Grub, been too long, hopefully someone can help you out with a link or a step-by-step guide.

Every time I had this issue, all of my data was safe. Unless you did something wrong or something went wrong, all your files should be fine.


How do I uninstall the TuxOnIce kernel in 12.04?

Removing TuxOnIce

Start the terminal and enter:

 sudo apt-get --purge remove tuxonice-userui linux-generic-tuxonice linux-headers-generic-tuxonice
If you tried that, then try

 sudo apt-get --purge remove tuxonice\*
Then restart


Why does cat pdf_file changes the character set of terminal?


There's a bug in this version of network-manager (1.4.4) that shipped with the initial release of 17.04. It randomizes the MAC address of a wifi chipset when connecting to a new network for security purposes but the end result is that some wifi devices won't connect or won't stay connected to the network with this feature enabled.

The good news is this is actually really easy to fix! To disable the randomized mac address switching and fix your wifi, you just have to edit a config file.

You can read about how to fix this in the answer here.


Why do I get 'HDIO_GET_IDENTITY failed' message when booting with external usb hard drive?

This is a warning from hdparm as it can have problems communicating with external usb hard drives, so you can ignore that warning.

Source: 1, 2


How can I edit a range of text between 2 symbols? awk, sed, regex

This awk code could be enough:

awk -F'*' 'NF == 2 {label = $2; next} {$0 = $0 label} 1'

To break it down:

Use * as the field separator. This way, we can simply examine the number of fields  (NF) to determine if the beginning or end of a block is reached.
When there are two fields, we save the second field in label and continue to the next line.
From then, we append that label to the current line, and then print. If the label is empty, we are outside a block and there's no effect. If not, we get the required output.


Fuzzy graphics after upgrading to Ubuntu 20.04

I solved my fuzzy graphics issue which is related to Intel Drivers. A bug is also reported on Intel driver artifacts. Following the answer provided here this command line solved the issue:

sudo apt purge xserver-xorg-video-intel

Reboot and everything is back being normal.


How to get the Language indicator to change when switching between active applications?

Try looking in the Advanced tab of the Ibus settings gui (type ibus into the dash or hit Alt+F2 and run ibus-setup to find this gui) and unchecking Share the same input method among all applications if it is checked (see below).

I cannot reproduce your problem using Libreoffice, Firefox and a Chinese input method, but I noticed this box is not checked for me.  Maybe the upgrade process somehow enabled this setting for you (although its weird that it didn't do the same for me....).

Good luck!


How can I repair video when I cannot see the screen?

Metacity does now work with Nouveau after again installing and purging Nvidia

[Oh yes, and copying /etc/X11/xorg.conf from 12.04 to 14.04 - which may have had nothing at all to do with the final success.  In case it did here are the contents:

 Section "Screen"
  Identifier "Default Screen"
  DefaultDepth 24
  Option "UseDisplayDevice" "DFP" #see https://help.ubuntu.comcommunity/VideoDriverHowto/Nvidia
EndSection
>Section "Module"
    Load    "glx"
EndSection

>Section "Device"
    Identifier  "Default Device"
    Option  "NoLogo"    "True"
        #   Driver  "nvidia"
EndSection
].

Many thanks to the authors of the postings I have read.  Especially helpful was the magic ctl+alt+f1 incantation that brings up a terminal.


Yes, the steps in the answer can be done from a terminal.

The first thing you need to do is determine what partition you installed Ubuntu on. This can be done by using

sudo fdisk -l

It will probably be /dev/sda1 but look at the descriptions to the right when it lists the devices. Next, you need to unmount the device. This is done with

sudo umount name_of_device

If it complains that the device is busy, try

sudo umount -f name_of_device

Then run the fsck command in the answer.


I encountered the same issue with ANSYS Mechanical v17.2 on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS, and resolved it by finding the missing libraries elsewhere on the system (you can try locate) and creating symbolic links (try sudo ln -s) of them in ansys_inc/v172/ansys/lib/linx64 and ansys_inc/v172/ansys/syslib/linx64. It appears that most of the missing libraries can be found in ansys_inc/v172/, but in the directories of other products such as CFD-Post and CFX. Make sure that the name of the symbolic link matches the files ANSYS looks for exactly, and is for the correct architecture (usually 64-bit).

To give you an example, ANSYS Mechanical also reported a problem of missing libjpeg.so.62. I linked the newer libjpeg.so.9.2.0 from the OS to resolve it, as follows:

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so.9.2.0 /usr/local/ansys_inc/v172/ansys/syslib/linx64/libjpeg.so.62


fcitx: Working Chinese input in Ubuntu 16.04 (fix or find)

Useful link:

http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2016/07/2-best-chinese-pinyin-im-ubuntu-16-04/

My guide (with changes)--Ubuntu-Mate 16.04:

Open terminal (ctrl-alt-t) and type sudo apt install fcitx fcitx-googlepinyin fcitx-table-wbpy fcitx-pinyin fcitx-sunpinyin followed by your password. //fcitx is the main, and the others are virtual keyboard options I think.
Press super to open your launcher and launch Language Support. //sorry, I don't know a terminal solution yet: I hope that I can find one in the near future.  Ubuntu might need to install Language Support on first run: just click yes and wait then proceed to step three.
Set Keyboard input method system: to fcitx.
Close the dialog and restart your computer.  This seems to be a necessary step; however, relogging might be enough (not tested).
Right-click the new keyboard icon in the tray.  One of two things might happen:

a. You can click "configure"; or,

b. You need to click on your default language before you see a., and then you'll see a..
Click + and detoggle Only Show Current Language; scroll to the very tippy bottom and select a non-keyboard option (Wubi--works, tested--, Google Pinyin, Pinyin, Shuangpin, or Sunpinyin). //I did not test any of the methods other than Wubi.
Go to Global Config and change Extra key for trigger input method to Alt_L_Shift (this is my personal preference, and the default L_Shift is an inane decision for a default setting; however, that's the default that's forced down people's throats by Microsoft).  Unless you regularly use three or more languages, you might want to disable the trigger and also the scroll-through.
Before the keyboard shortcut works, you'll need to right-click the keyboard icon in the tray and select input method > Wubi Pinyin.

This is 100% working for me; however, before doing this, I tried the programs mentioned in the question itself.  So, if installing those programs or their sub-components is required for success, please notify me via comment for an update.  Meanwhile, if I notice after removing those packages that some aspect was necessary, I will send an update.  Good luck and enjoy using PRC Pinyin.


how do you create an app profile for ufw?

To answer the real question, about how to create your own application file, you only need to know that it is using windows INI file format (yuck).

[appname]
title=1-liner here
description=a longer line here
ports=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,30/tcp|50/udp|53

The ports line can specify multiple ports, with /udp or /tcp, to limit the protocol, otherwise it defaults to both.  You have to split the protocol sections up with |.

So, for a real-life set of examples I made:

[puppet]
title=puppet configuration manager
description=Puppet Open Source from http://www.puppetlabs.com/
ports=80,443,8140/tcp

[AMANDA]
title=AMANDA Backup
description=AMANDA the Advanced Maryland Automatic Network Disk Archiver
ports=10080

You can list multiple versions of the app in a single file, like this one from apache:

===start of apache2.2-common file===
[Apache]
title=Web Server
description=Apache v2 is the next generation of the omnipresent Apache web server.
ports=80/tcp

[Apache Secure]
title=Web Server (HTTPS)
description=Apache v2 is the next generation of the omnipresent Apache web server.
ports=443/tcp

[Apache Full]
title=Web Server (HTTP,HTTPS)
description=Apache v2 is the next generation of the omnipresent Apache web server.
ports=80,443/tcp

===end of file===

Once you have defined your application file, put it in /etc/ufw/applications.d, then tell ufw to reload the application definitions with

ufw app update appname
ufw app info appname

Use it with something like:

ufw allow from 192.168.1.10 to any app amanda
ufw allow amanda

assuming 192.168.1.10 is the IP of your amanda server.


When you create your databases, the datafiles for this databases are created. These are (of course) not being purged by apt purge.

If /etc/postgresql/8.4/main/postgresql.conf (presumably it is not 8.4 - use your version`) still exists, you can find a line like

  data_directory = '/var/lib/postgresql/8.4/main'         # use data in another directory

There you can find the datafiles for your created databases. If you created your own data directories, I believe you remember where they were.

Does the user postgresql still exist? This is the owner of the database files. Delete this user with searching for all his files (use sth like deluser --remove-all-files, man deluser helps you). If this user does not exist, find all files in your filesystem that don't have an associated user and maybe delete them. (Use find / -nouser -nogroup -  and again, read man find:-) )

For more information, consult the wonderful postgresql documentation.


How Do I Change My Systemwide Date and Time Format to ISO 8601 YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss Format on Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS?

For a point of reference you may want to run these commands first, maybe keep the output in a terminal off to the side:
localectl status
locale
locale -ck d_t_fmt
locale -ck d_fmt
locale -ck t_fmt

Then in another terminal cd /usr/share/i18n/locales
Locate whichever locale you are using in the directory...
For me that was en_US.
Copy that locale definition file to a custom_name you wish to use.
sudo cp en_US my_en_US
With your favorite editor, edit your custom locale definition file with the desired date formats.
The OP wanted systemwide format for his date/time... well there is more than one date/time formatting on the system, so you'll be doing a lot of formatting here if you want everything covered. ie. Date, Date time, time, time AM/PM format, date for the date command...(as you will see in the definition file)
I am only going to illustrate one of the above here.... The date format for the date command.
sudo vi my_en_US
Go to the line that says "date_fmt"
Edit the formatting to the desired format.
date_fmt "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
note: I have read some instructions that say you enter this formatting with Unicode values instead ex) "<u0025><u0059> ,etc,etc".... But since they were not this way in this version of ubuntu, I am assuming you can just use percent encoding... If your file has the Unicode format, you can take the date/time string you desire, in percent format, and run it through hexdump to get the Unicode equivalents...  echo -n "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" | hexdump or use this site https://www.branah.com/unicode-converter
Save your file and exit...
Complie your locale definition file and generate your new locale
sudo localedef -f UTF-8 -i my_en_US MY_en.UTF-8
There are instructions out there that say add an environment variable to /etc/environment or /bashrc etc...
but all I did was sudo localectl set-locale LC_TIME=MY_en.UTF-8
It took immediately for me when I ran the date command. But you may have to log out or reboot, I am not sure there. The services to restart have changed over time (according to the rest of the internet), so hard to decipher.
You can run the commands from the beginning of the post again for comparison/troubleshooting.


I think your first command is only purging the wine package, which is just a dependency for the others.

sudo apt-get purge "^wine.*"

should purge every package on your system starting with the word 'wine'.

Note that apt-get uses regular expressions for pattern matching, hence the ^ and .*


Chrome in the launcher does not open with keyboard hotkey (Super + #)

Did you try unlocking it from unity launcher and locking it again? or moving it another place to check if there is a problem with the "super +1" key shortcut and not the program? also try to hold the "super" key on hold to check if the 1 number appears on top of the app.


How can you mirror an autocomplete function in your own aliases (in 14.04)

Newer bash completion releases (>=2.0) improved hugely the time used to load the autocompletion logic. They made them by loading on request the required files, the newer location for these files is:

/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/

If you use ls -lah to explore such directory you'll find than there exist many soft links. That's because a file is needed for every command/alias, so, if you have pssh, pscp and prdp you'll need to create links with those names:

sudo ln -s /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/ssh /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/psss
sudo ln -s /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/ssh /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/pscp
sudo ln -s /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/ssh /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/prdp

Another alternative is to syslink the ssh autocompletion file to /etc/bash_completion.d/

sudo ln -s /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/ssh /etc/bash_completion.d/ssh

The former method will load the _ssh function on every single bash interactive session (making slower the startup).

After using any of the above methods your complete -F _ssh pssh ... configuration will relate the _ssh function with your aliases.


How to create a cron job that automatically delete files that are older than 30 days?

First, put your find ... command in a bash script, and call that script from your crontab. If you have an encrypted home directory (cat /home/.ecryptfs/$USER/.ecryptfs/Private.mnt) you'll have to store your script outside your $HOME directory tree. Keeping a command in crontab makes configuring, logging and debugging harder, and the crontab command parser isn't as clever as bash's.

Second, always, Always, ALWAYS test find with -print, and get it to work, before considering -delete.

Third, the find test "-mtime 29" is telling find "Find the file's mtime, and return True if it's equal to 29. You should use -mtime +29, which find sees as "more than 29", which is what you want. From man find:

   Numeric arguments can be specified as

   +n     for greater than n,

   -n     for less than n,

   n      for exactly n.

Fourth, be sure you have Write access to the directories in /home/USER/DIRECTORY1/DIRECTORY2/.

Fifth, do you mean /home/USER/DIRECTORY1/DIRECTORY2/ or /home/$USER/DIRECTORY1/DIRECTORY2/? If $USER is for the user's userid, you have a problem: cron doesn't define $USER in the runtime enviroinment. It does define $HOME, so you could use $HOME/DIRECTORY1/DIRECTORY2.


Make KDE ignore file extension and run an .exe as a Linux executable

I ended up getting this to work by adding *. before *.exe within KDE's File Type Options. It may take a couple tries, it seems to be finnicky.


Only half of screen used and mouse artifacts displayed

Am having exactly the same problem (same model, plus I also get a black screen on start-up).

Anyway I found this:

http://blog.bodhizazen.com/linux/ubuntu-12-04-gma500-poulsbo-boot-options/

Which describes the exact same problem. Iḿ still working through the solutions, but it might be worth checking out.


Why do most GNOME developers prefer Python over Java for GTK+ programming?

Python is a much more expressive language than Java. I used to be a very enthusiastic Java developer, but after I started using Python, I'll never go back. Python is quite simply a wonderful language for all kinds of different tasks.

I haven't actually programmed much GTK with Java, but there is at least some support for GObject Introspection, which will make many libraries available even if you use Java. Also, interfaces made in Glade will be usable from Java. Using Python is mostly a matter of comfort and not necessity.


If you create a shortcut, and put it in a /bin directory (eg. ~/bin IF you have it in your $PATH, or /usr/local/bin/) you can then use your ALT+F2 Application Finder to run.

For example

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/featherpad /usr/local/bin/blah

creates a shortcut called blah in /usr/local/bin/ directory (which is in the default path, /home/user/bin/ may be a better choice), then typing ALT+F2 to open Application Finder and typing 'blah' opens Featherpad.

Note: I used whereis featherpad to work out where that program was located.

Also please release-upgrade ASAP as Lubuntu 18.10, and all flavors of 18.10 are now EOL. Please refer to https://lubuntu.me/cosmic-etc-eol/ , or refer to https://manual.lubuntu.me/D/upgrading.html if you need help release-upgrading to 19.04.

I also used blah as example only, but don't use names already reserved for applications (even if not installed) to avoid creating problems for yourself down the road.  I personally aren't sure this is a good idea, but it achieves your aim.


files made with Gedit cannot be found/made executable from terminal

Gedit ( at least on Ubuntu 16.04 ) has list of recent files in File menu

If you can open those files and click on Save as submenu you will be presented with File Selection dialog, which will allow you to figure out which directory and where those files are located.

As for the find command, steeldriver properly pointed out  that you need to specify proper format:

find <directory> -iname "filename"

I would recommend you do the following. Let's say you have for example file called myruby.rb. Then you should be able to just run find "$HOME" -type f -iname "myruby.rb", but you can also just search for any file with.rbextension like so:find "$HOME" -type f -iname "*.rb". Note that adding -type f will allow you to look only for files and ignore other types (such as directories and symlinks).


Replace Light Locker with Gnome screensaver

Tried many workarounds to no avail. The way I solved this issue was by removing Light-Locker completely and installing gnome screensaver.

Replace Light-Locker with Gnome Screensaver:

Start Synaptic Package Manager.
Type light-locker, then uncheck light-locker and light-locker-settings and click [Apply changes].
Then type gnome-screensaver and check the box to the left and click apply changes again.

Or, using the terminal:

sudo apt-get remove --purge light-locker
sudo apt-get install gnome-screensaver

It works perfectly, didn't mess up my configuration with lightdm, and looks good too. If you're not satisfied with the background shown every time you lock your screen, you can install gnome-tweak-tool. If you can't find it in the applications menu, you can either run it through terminal gnome-tweak-tool or or create a launcher using the same command. Once it's open go to the desktop tab, and choose the location of the background of your liking.

Now you can lock your screen and enjoy a nice screensaver/locking application that works! Good luck! :)


Jenkins polling for Ubuntu Kernel upgrades?

Sounds like something a relatively simple script could do, similar to how you'ld trigger builds in a git post-receive hook for instance. In pseudocode:

sudo apt-get update
kversion=$(apt-cache policy kernel | sed .....)
if [ our module not yet available for this kernel ]; then
    wget http://jenkins/url_to_trigger_parametrized_build
fi


LAMP: Apache not accepting "index.php" files and displaying directory listing

You need to add a directive to your apache2 configuration or your .htaccess file. Like this...

DirectoryIndex index.php

...otherwise, it just defaults to index.html

Same thing if you wanted index.shtml, you'd need:

DirectoryIndex index.shtml


"Gnome/Wayland has mouse tracking issues (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=745032)."

Ubuntu 17.10 uses wayland by default. however, you can switch back to Xorg, without to install anything, all you need to do is:

Log out from you current user.
Under the password, near the "unlock" button, you will have something like a settings-icon.
Click it, and choose the second option(the one says "xorg")
And there you have it! the good old xorg session, with no more cursor lags!

"Switching to an Xorg session from the log in screen should solve it."


Why Cannot I Delete Comments From Evince-pdfs?

Right click on the annotation then click "Remove annotation".


I would try removing Spotify from the launcher and re-adding it. Alternately, you can make a Spotify.desktop file with the following contents:

#!/usr/bin/env xdg-open
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Exec=/usr/bin/spotify
Name=Spotify
Icon=/opt/spotify/spotify-client/Icons/spotify-linux-512.png

You should be able to drag this file directly to the launcher from the file browser.


Run these commands to install a desktop environment:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


Is there a USB wifi adapter that reliably works with Ubuntu? Including suspend/resume

Running this command:

sudo systemctl restart network-manager.service

Re-enabled the wireless on my laptop after suspend/resume.

An answer to this question provides a script ('wifi-resume.service') to make the fix permanent:

Wifi doesn't work after suspend after 16.04 upgrade

Even though I got this working w/ the Edimax wifi dongle, I ordered a Penguin Wireless N USB Adapter for GNU / Linux (TPE-N150USB) which has FOSS firmware, unlike the Edimax which uses a Realtek chipset and is not completely FOSS.

My hope is that the Penguin usb wifi dongle will not need this special script to work properly after suspend/resume.