Installed compiz and now all my toolbars are white and without window decoration

Question? Have you looked here yet?
https://kubuntu.org/news/plasma-5-12-5-bugfix-update-for-kubuntu-18-04-lts-testing-help-required/
Looks like there some bugs still, also note that if you have installed ccsm and "tweaked" your settings, that might be part of the problem as well.
Hope this helps. My own prefs are lightdm muffin nemo cinnamon, have had little diffifulty with all apps and software updates upgrades etc, seems to be stable and responsive from 16. - 18. on multiple linux versions, however the setup is a bit techish.
 Did some quick research and prehaps this would produce the desired results?
https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-install-kde-plasma-desktop-on-ubuntu-18-04-bionic-beaver-linux#h3


How can I know the encoding Gedit assumes for a given file?

As of the time of this writing, It seems that gedit does not officially expose the character encoding used to decode an open document.

Gedit does show some encoding in the Save As dialog window. It is likely that this is the encoding that was used to decode the original file. However, without inspecting the source code of your version of gedit, there is no guarantee that the encoding shown is the actual encoding used.

Muru has indicated (above in the comments section) that gedit exposes encoding information to plugins. I have yet to come across a plugin that adds this information to the gedit's user interface.


HDD test for "SMART Non Supported" drive?

You can read smart status with smartmontools

sudo apt-get install smartmontools

and then perform smart read from e.g. sdb drive

sudo smartctl -A /dev/sdb

or run healthy check

sudo smartctl -H /dev/sdb


Why would a package be installed from a repo and not another?

Because this PPA has systemd package only for the zesty (17.04) distribution.

As you can see in the following links, this PPA has the indicator-session package for Xenial (16.04) and the systemd package for zesty (17.04).

indicator-session link for xenial

systemd link for zesty


Just so this doesn't hang here unanswered, The problem wasn't with dual monitors, but with the Westinghouse monitor itself.  The system recognized it fine but could never get a picture to it.  I had it plugged in with the HDMI to DVI cable that it shipped with.  I swapped that out with a normal VGA cable and it seems to work fine.  Not a solution, but definitely not a problem with dual monitors.


How to remove 'Sublime Text 3' from Ubuntu 14.04; installed with the instructions on http://www.sublimetext.com/3?

Search for Software Center in the Dash.

In the Software Center search for sublime, then click on "Sublime Text".

Click on "Remove" then enter your password and click "Authenticate".


First you need to create a repository for the image using the docker hub Website.

To push the image from the command line you need to login using "docker login" first:

  % docker login
  Username: yourname
  Password: ********
  Email: you@youremail.com
  Login Succeeded

  % docker push image:tag

That should do.


no ultimately trusted keys found when instaling Sublime 3 on Ubuntu 14.04

I assume the install of Sublime 3 succeeded, since this key trust would not affect that.  You can simply ignore the trust issue, it's not a new thing, but maybe the software is now noting the fact that you never set any degree of trust on your keys.  To set trust on your keys, you should read about the whole web of trust concept and decide what level of trust to apply to your keys and other's signatures.
https://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/manual/x334.html
It's entirely up to you -- you decide if you trust a key, and you decide if you trust someone else's indication of trust on a key.


Cannot login as guest or create new user


Detected Hardware Unit Hang with 82566DC / e1001e

I've found a solution that worked for me, as described here.

You can try the following command:

ethtool -K eth0 gso off gro off tso off

Let me know if it works for you.

Edit: It seems that this solution only helped a little bit with the problem. I got the same error later when the NIC got a heavy load. It seems like a hardware problem. I've swapped the NIC  and until now I didn't see this error. Perhaps you should try to test on another network card and see if it solves the problem.


Pipes and head will do what you need:

man man | head -10 > file.txt

head -n where n = number of lines you want


It is a kernel bug, limited to monitors connected via Display Port output to an Intel Integrated Graphics.

I found it googling [drm:intel_dp_i2c_aux_ch] *ERROR* too many retries,giving up

However, this bug has been fixed in Linux 3.16, which can be installed in Ubuntu 14.04. If you are running 14.10, you already have this kernel and you should not have to do this. You also have 3.16 if you have installed Ubuntu 14.04 from a 14.04.2 installation disk. It does not matter whether or not you are using Ubuntu 14.04.2 or not (which you are if you have been staying up-to-date), but if you used a 14.04.2 DVD or flash drive to do the installation. If you installed Ubuntu 14.04 with a 14.04 or 14.04.1 installation disk, there is a solution, which is explained below.

Linux 3.16 is available as an HWE kernel, a kernel that is designed for Ubuntu LTS users to get better hardware support, but it also fixes some bugs. However, I will warn you, that if you have been using Ubuntu for a while and have lots of different programs installed on your system, then you are at a small risk of experiencing minor bugs, such as an application having slightly unusual behavior. It is best to follow these steps just after doing a fresh install of 14.04 or 14.04.1. (Again, I can't say this enough, but don't do this with a 14.04.2 disk.)

Now, let's get started. Open up a terminal and run the command sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install linux-hwe-generic-trusty. This will install Linux 3.16 and it's kernel headers for you. Now, prepare to test the new kernel! Reboot your system, and your computer should boot into Linux 3.16. The bug should be fixed, and all should be well now. If they are, skip the next paragraph on troubleshooting.

If the above worked for you, great. Move to the next paragraph. If it didn't, gave some unusual errors, prevented you from logging in, or had some other bizarre behavior, you need to reboot your system and remove the kernel. Hold down Shift as your system boots (no need if you dual-boot with GRUB!) and choose "Advanced options" or something similar.  Choose the newest Linux 3.13 (recovery mode) and boot that. Choose to get to a root shell or terminal (again, could say something different), and let it load. Then, you must enter the command mount -o remount,rw / to make your filesystem writeable. If you have multiple partitions for your filesystem, you must also run mount --all afterwards. (If you're unsure if you do or not, run it anyway.) Then run apt-get purge linux-hwe-generic-trusty && apt-get autoremove. Reboot your system, and skip the next paragraph (it is meant for those that got the kernel to work).

If you didn't get the kernel to work, skip tot he next paragraph. If you did, you must be lucky, as it makes this much easier. As you now have Linux 3.16 working well, you can remove 3.13 to free yourself some disk space. Run the command sudo apt-get remove linux-generic linux-image-3.13* && sudo apt-get autoremove. You should be able to reboot your computer and it will still work fine.

Okay, I hope that helped you. If you never got the kernel to work and followed my directions for removing it, you need to backup your files and re-install. It's the best way. However, make sure you use an Ubuntu 14.04.2 or newer installation disk this time! (If you have a 14.04 or 14.04.1 disk, don't think you can just install that and follow my directions. Believe me, it's just better to create a new disk and install 14.04.2. Then you won't have to follow my directions at all!)


How do I use different wallpaper on each workspace?

You can get the Wallpaper plugin for Compiz by installing compiz-fusion-plugins-extra (sudo apt-get install compiz-fusion-plugins-extra). It will show up under the Utility category in CompizConfig Settings Manager.

Before you can use it, you'll have to configure Nautilus to not draw the desktop. Run gconf-editor and uncheck the setting /apps/nautilus/preferences/show_desktop. This will make all of your desktop icons disappear, and there is no solution to this drawback at this time.

To configure the Wallpaper plugin, add images to the list of backgrounds. They will be assigned to workspaces in the order they are listed.

CompizConfig


This issue has got nothing to do with dual booting, as long as you can boot Ubuntu and Windows.
The problem might have been occurring because the graphics card was not configured properly.
When you have NVIDIA graphics (especially on notebooks with Optimus) it is recommended to install the latest current stable drivers from the NVIDIA long-lived branch. - More information about how to do this you will find in the Q+A : How do I install NVIDIA GPU drivers properly ?

To avoid these kind of issues when installing Ubuntu : add the nouveau.modeset=0 parameter (in case of NVIDIA graphics) to the end of the GRUB linux line when booting from install media.


Upgraded to 17.04 and now spacebar wont work

I've found a workaround.

Boot the machine as always
Switch to text mode console, CTRL+ALT+F1
Login as your user
Execute: unity --reset

Not really sure why but when unity reset itself the spacebar is working as always.

Update: Oct 2018: So the workaround wont work anymore and after some debugging I've found that ibus-ui-gtk3 was the one breaking the spacebar. Simply killing the process will make the spacebar actually work again. I've removed the package since I no need multiple language input methods.

sudo apt remove ibus-gtk3


Wrong argument sequence here:

$con=mysqli_connect($mysql_host,$mysql_database,$mysql_user,$mysql_password);

Look at the message: Access denied for user 'exuser'@'IP_Remote' (using password: YES) where root is not a user, it is your database's name as set above $mysql_database = "***********_people";.

Solution:

$con=mysqli_connect($mysql_host, $mysql_user, $mysql_password, $mysql_database);

And Grant permission for User:

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO exuser@'IP_REMOTE' IDENTIFIED BY 'Exuser2019!' with grant option;
flush privileges;


How do I assign different CPU cores to different processes?

The accepted answer may be good advice, but it certainly isn't an answer to your question. Your question doesn't indicate to me that you aren't qualified to hear the answer either, in fact it sounds like a good example of a situation in which you'd want to specifically indicate which processors should do what.

Getting to the point, what you want are CPU Sets. They are supported in 11.10 of Ubuntu, since it uses a recent enough Linux Kernel. I believe Linux 2.6 is required.

You can read the man page for cpuset here: http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/online/pages/man7/cpuset.7.html

Here is another page for general reading: http://www.bullopensource.org/cpuset/

Linux may be "great" at deciding how to allocate CPU time, but it isn't perfect.


Try these commands on terminal,

sudo apt-get purge udisks
sudo apt-get upgrade


Is there any way I can have two users on my system playing games simultaneously?

Dude that is an awesome idea!  You should be able to accomplish this using SSH X forwarding.  The instructions for setting this up can be found on unix.stackexchange.  Using X forwarding you can SSH from the laptop into the desktop and run graphical programs over the wire.  To get the audio working, check out this question on SuperUser.  Good luck!  Let me know how it goes.


Is there a centralized history file for all the commands run from various terminals?

Command History is generally a feature provided by bash, and is stored per-user in the .bash_history file in your home directory.

While the history command may show you different histories in different terminals while those terminals are open, they will all be merged and written to the common ~/.bash_history file once you exit the terminals.


Install arandr from the repos and you'll have a GUI to configure the multiple monitors. I don't know about the panel part of the question.


The problem with SDC is that it is creating a ISO9660 partition that some OS's have trouble seeing.

Mkusb can rebuild a pendrive like new.
The wipe function can reset the drive to a msdos partition table with a FAT32 partition or GUID partition table with NTFS partition.

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb/wipe


I think the key is to use the drive /dev/sdb, not the partition /dev/sdb1, in the of= option:

sudo dd if=dban.iso of=/dev/sdb


The key appears because the swap partition is mounted when using the live USB.  It appears on two partitions because swap is a 'subpartition' of an extended partition.

You can turn swap off with sudo swapoff -a and this will unlock the partitions.


Ubuntu 11.10 and earlier

Your question is variation of the linked question.

Using gconf-editor you can remove minimise from the key shown and the minimise button will not appear in your windows.

Linked Question:

How do I move the Window buttons from left to right?


Find and search inside encrypted compressed files

You can encrypt files, but still leave the file list unencrypted. If thats the case, save the following code, as finda.sh, or any other name as you like:

for file in *.*; do
    if ( 7z l -slt "$file"> /tmp/$file.log); then
       echo $file:; cat /tmp/$file.log | grep -iE 'Path*'> $file.log && cat $file.log
    fi
done

Save funda.sh In a directory were all of your archives are in, then execute it, and this is the output:

./finda.sh
one.7z:
Path = one/abradabra.png
Path = one/birb.png
three.rar:
Path = three/blah.png
Path = three/qwa0g.jpg
two.zip:
Path = two/whut.png


Ubuntu won't boot from a USB on my Windows 8 laptop

You're not doing anything wrong, exactly - sometimes Ubuntu has trouble with the new UEFI technology, which your laptop has.
You can see instructions for installing and using Ubuntu on a UEFI PC here at the Community Ubuntu Documentation site. Basically, you want to burn your Live USB (preferably with Ubuntu Secure Remix, but regular Ubuntu should work as well), and before you try to boot from it, look in your BIOS for something that says "FastBoot/QuickBoot" or "Intel Smart Response Technology/SRT" and disable it. "Secure Boot", if you have it, might also have to be disabled. You should be able to install Ubuntu as normal from there, but if you reboot and get no Grub menus or you boot straight to Windows (or other boot problems), then you want to boot from your Live USB again and run Boot-Repair.
If you still have problems, then post back here.


Restoring backup with Deja Dup from external HD

I advise you to try to restore a important files.

The commande line : duplicity list-current-files --no-encryption file:///media/[rest of the root to your hard_disk] >  /home/yourusername/list.txt don't liste all files in the backup since the beginning, source

and from author You can restore the full monty or selected folders/files from a specific time.

Try to creat list of files and directory you need to restore using liste.txt generated by last commande and the liste of files in the manifest genereted by Deja Dup in backup directory like duplicity-full.20120922T175100Z.manifest, (name it for example *final_list.txt*)

final_list.txt :

home/username/music
home/username/file.mp3
...

Creat restore directory

$mkdir /tmp/restore

Creat bash file Restore.sh

#!/bin/bash
FILE=$1
# Read file form list
while read line
do
    duplicity --no-encryption --file-to-restore  "$line"  file:///media/[rest of the root to your hard_disk] /tmp/restore/"$line"
done <"$FILE"

Restore you list

$sh Restore.sh final_list.txt

Done! and good luck :)


Ubuntu 14.04 - Network card not showing up

ifconfig shows the configuration of the network interfaces. iwconfig does the same for wireless interfaces. lspci shows information about hardware connected to the PCI bus. It seems they are all doing their job. For more info do:

man ifconfig
man lspci

etc.


Have you ran a kernel update without rebooting? I've had the same problem with similar messages in the dmesg output.

Rebooting the machine solved the problem for me.


What are some good GUI diff and merge applications available for Ubuntu?

The best I like is Meld

There are many choices available though. As a vim fan I find myself using vimdiff, kompare for the kde crowd - there also some paid version that have linux versions like Beyond Compare . The pros/cons depends on what you're looking for/looking to do.

vimdiff is great because you can run it from a terminal, over an ssh connection, and if you already use vim, you get to keep your tools/config options.

Meld has a pretty clean user interface, and does three way and directory diffs. You'll have to try a couple and see which does the job as you're expecting them to do for your own needs.

To install Meld from the Ubuntu repos, you can run:

sudo apt-get install meld

You can then pick the files/folders to compare, and compare them:


How to get Ubuntu Netbook Edition Unity layout layout in 12.04

Before Unity introduced in Ubuntu 11.04 , Gnome was present in later versions as a default desktop. The article you read was written at April 2011. Ubuntu 11.04 was launched in April 2011 with Unity desktop. Unity is derived from that Netbook desktop and improved a lot after that in Ubuntu 12.04 within a year. The net book desktop was designed earlier than Unity.


Capturing Metadata off Music CD during file transfer

Asunder seems to fit my needs. With Asunder it is fairly quick and easy to add some of the basic metadata including album, artist, track number, genre and year, but some other metadata information is not supported in the Asunder interface.


Once you've rebooted after installation, and log in, you'll need to go to the upper right area of your desktop. In the image below, there are several indicator icons, if you'll notice the one that looks like an upside down pie piece. Left click on that to see what networks are available to you. If you don't see a checked option for Enable Wireless
You may need to connect your device up to a wired network cable and check for additional drivers as suggested previously. Hope this helps.

Based on your response, here is what I would try and do next as this worked recently when I helped an individual during a LUG meeting.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source && sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

You might need to also do:

sudo apt-get -f install

If you notice any errors in the terminal.

I also believe on his installation that I had to go to additonal drivers once I had updated the firmware, then the driver appeared and let me activate it. It worked, and I had him reboot to verify that it was good to go (which it was!). Let me know how things work out!


What do I do now that Ubuntu was installed and it is taking more than 24 hours to reboot?

It seems you already solved it, so you can mark your own edit as such if you like.
You probably experienced a bug in the installer. In some occasions it does not reboot and thus holding the power button is a solution, as long as there was a message that the installation was finished, it's no problem.

If you find it worth the time, you can file a bug report on launchpad, https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu, supplying your system details and the exact conditions to reproduce it.
For that you need the latest BIOS to be installed.

enjoy your fresh Ubuntu installation :)


You are connecting to the Ubuntu machine, not your mac, so you need to use your Ubuntu's user name instead. The message means that you are attempting to log in as macuser (or whatever your username is) and there is no macuser on the Ubuntu machine. So, assuming you log in to Ubuntu as ubuntuuser, try:

ssh ubuntuuser@1.2.3.4

Also, there's no need to specify port 22, that's the default. You also don't need to forward port 22 to the Ubuntu machine, not unless you want to connect from outside your local network. As for the 1024 port, ignore it, that is the source port of the connecting client (your mac), not the target port of your Ubuntu machine.


Will Kubuntu no longer being a funded derivative affect it's official derivative status?

What funding are you talking about. If it is about Canonical (Which was a year ago) then please read this

At the current state, the development cycle will continue as normal and will meet the deadline as it has always done. You can see all development release dates in wikipedia

For what it matters, Kubuntu (KDE) for me is my second best distro and Ubuntu flavor.


Dialog boxes are not centred in the screen

It seems to me that I've seen this behaviour a couple of times:

In one case the application was opening a window, the windows manager was centering it, and then the application was increasing its size. If that were the case here your windows would be displaced to the right--and they aren't.
In another case I attached another monitor that had more resolution than my laptop, opened some apps, and then disconnected the larger monitor. The window manager kept on opening apps at the size they last used. I don't think logging off or rebooting helped.

What I did

I was able to resize the window from the upper left to the lower right, and then drag the  window back up to the left, repeating until it didn't overfill the screen. When I closed and reopened it the window manager remembered the smaller size and I was all set.

Other Solutions

Other solutions referring to file dialog boxes are suggested in Why are my file selection dialogs so big? How do I make them smaller?. The answer from Amanda that solved a very similar problem for two individuals was this one.

gedit ~/.config/gtk-2.0/gtkfilechooser.ini

and remove the GeometryWidth and GeometryHeight lines.

Another from this answer by Timo Kluckat from the same question (this is where my dialog box settings are stored for gedit):

Install dconf-editor:

sudo apt-get install dconf-editor

Start it:

dconf-editor

Then select "org.gtk.setting.filechooser and change the window-size entry to (0,0) to reset to the default size.


Cron job every day at Specific Minute of Specific Hour

You can add a cron job like:

30 00,01,02,....23 * * * COMMAND

where you  can specify your desired hours as 00,01,02,...23 (separating them with a comma).


Try this:

Switch on your computer.

Wait until the BIOS has finished loading, and press and hold the Shift key, which will bring up the Grub menu.

Select the line which starts with Advanced options.

Select the line ending with (recovery mode)

Press Return and your machine will begin the boot process.

After a few moments, your PC should display a menu with a number of options.

One of the options will be Drop to root shell prompt.

Press Return with this option highlighted.

The pc will start in a terminal, run it:

mount -o remount,rw /
mount --all
apt-get update
apt-get install --reinstall aptitude deborphan
aptitude remove '?and(?reverse-depends(kubuntu),?not(?reverse-depends(?exact-name(ubuntu-desktop))))'
aptitude remove '?and(?reverse-depends(kde),?not(?reverse-depends(?exact-name(ubuntu-desktop))))'
 apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
deborphan
apt-get --purge remove $(deborphan)
deborphan --libdevel
apt-get --purge remove $(deborphan --libdevel)
deborphan --find-config
dpkg --purge $(deborphan --find-config)
apt-get autoremove
apt-get clean
reboot

I explain it: Starts in text-only mode. Mount partitions in read-write mode. Update repositories. Install aptitude and deborphan. It eliminates the components of kubuntu that are not necessary in Ubuntu. It eliminates the components of kde that are not necessary in Ubuntu. Reinstall ubuntu-desktop.Eliminates orphan packages. Removes unnecessary packages. Removes downloaded packages. Restart System.


You can use the command-line email client called Mutt: http://www.mutt.org/

It supports POP3 and IMAP, and can be used with Gmail. The steps to configure Mutt for use with Gmail is given here: http://www.andrews-corner.org/mutt.html


Is it possible to set Transmission to show list of files as collapsed by default?

Unfortunately, you can't. You must manually collapse the folders.


How to install kde-plasma with lightdm instead of kdm

Since your initial setup is a minimal installation, I'll take Ubuntu 14.04.1 Server as the base OS.

After installation, all that you get is a command-line prompt without lightdm nor a desktop environment.

Open a user session and type the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install lightdm-webkit-greeter --no-install-recommends
sudo apt-get install lightdm --no-install-recommends
sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop --no-install-recommends
sudo reboot

Now the lightdm greeter will open a kde plasma desktop:


Ubuntu 16.04 unity: No text is shown in many windows

This is a known bug with Ubuntu 16.04. One possible fix seems to be upgrading to kernel 4.8 or higher. You can attempt to update your current kernel by running the command:

sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-16.04


Is there a similar application to "Google Authenticator app" for ubuntu?

There are many implementations to two factor authentication app1

I found a ruby implementation twofu helpful
You can install it by

$sudo apt-get install rubygems-integration

$sudo gem install twofu

twofu github page

It is not recommended and it defeats the purpose of 2 factor authentication but I lost access to  neteller accout after I flashed a rom on my phone and I also fear I could loose my phone so I started searching for desktop app.


Owner of mounted folder changes when it is actually mounted

If you give the command apropos ntfs you will find there's a man page man mount.ntfs describing the command and driver which will be used when you mount a filesystem of type ntfs.

If you just want all files to appear as if they belong to you, just change the /etc/fstab entry field auto to auto,permissions, or if this doesnt work when mounting via nautilus you can also add ,uid=1000 where 1000 is whatever number the id command shows for your login.

If you want to preserve more finely detailed interoperability with microsoft see the man page for how to map different ntfs user "sids" to Ubuntu ids.


I have the same machine with the same OS version and had the same problem while doing a clean install from an USB stick after a change of disk.

I was able to solve it by:

selecting F6 Options from the menu at the beginning of the install.
This displays the noapic nolapic values which can then be set appropriately. How? What value?
After the install I:

checked the grub file How? and the values were still there.
Soft reboot and poweroff reboot were all good.

I subsequently did a release upgrade to 18.04 and all is working ok.


you will need to be root for the following.

you have to edit your grub config. open /etc/default/grub with your preferred text editor and look for GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT and add radeon.audio=1 to the end of it.

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

becomes

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash radeon.audio=1"

now save the file and run update-grub

you may also want to try to add this parameters at boot time to ensure it works before doing all of the above.
after you power on you may need to hold Shift to get the grub menu to appear after it appears press e and add radeon.audio=1 to the end of a line similar to this

  linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.38-8-server root=UUID=11111 ro quiet splash

becomes

  linux   /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.38-8-server root=UUID=11111 ro quiet splash radeon.audio=1

and press b to boot with the added parameter


Installing Revolution Analytics broke R and I can't fix it

Ok, fixed thus (for future reference):

Remove R completly and then install it back:

sudo apt-get --purge remove r-base-core
sudo apt-get --purge remove r-base-dev

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install r-base
sudo apt-get install r-base-dev


software-center crashed; will not re-install after attempted fix

Try to install all dependencies first. Seems your dependencies have dependencies as well. Have you tried sudo apt-get install -f?


Bitwig studio runs on Linux, OSX and windows. It's similar to Ableton. I remember being told rumors prior to it's first release that some of the dev team are(were?) former Ableton developers.


gparted does not manage LVM, you have to resize them manually with a live usb.

I suggest you first free up space on /boot , see How do I free up more space in /boot?

If that fails, How can I resize an LVM partition? (i.e: physical volume)


From man useradd:

       -d, --home-dir HOME_DIR
           The new user will be created using HOME_DIR as the value for the
           user's login directory. The default is to append the LOGIN name to
           BASE_DIR and use that as the login directory name. The directory
           HOME_DIR does not have to exist but will not be created if it is
           missing.

You can either create the directory manually, or add the -m (--create-directory) option:

       -m, --create-home
           Create the user's home directory if it does not exist. The files
           and directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be
           defined with the -k option) will be copied to the home directory.

           By default, if this option is not specified and CREATE_HOME is not
           enabled, no home directories are created.


Make drive similar to windows in ubuntu 16.04

In Linux you can make partitions and mount those in directories. You can use 2 fixed locations and a personal named one.

/media/
/mnt/
/personal_directory/

The 1st is used for
removeable media such as floppy disks, cdroms, USB and zip disks.
The 2nd is a generic mount point under which you mount your filesystems or devices.

There is no limitation to creating a mount-point anywhere on your system but by convention and for sheer practicality do not litter your file system with mount-points.

If you want to add partitions install and start up gparted and carefully shrink the partitions you have now. This will get you "unallocated space". Divide that space up into the sizes you want and add a unique name to them (that is called a mountpoint).

We already have a good answer about partitioning here: How to resize partitions?

Example: I have a HDD called "discworld" (created during installation):

Partition layout is stored in /etc/fstab:

$ more /etc/fstab
...
# /discworld was on /dev/sdb1 during installation
UUID=22653238-5821-4c7c-9baa-99e938a6a259 /discworld      ext4    defaults
...

sudo blkid will get your the UUID you need at the beginning of the line you need to add. More about this.
The directory (here discworld) and filesystem (here ext4) is set when you finished creating them with gparted. We have a wiki page about adding new partitions to fstab.


Why does booting from Live-USB give me a 'cant find vesamenu.c32' error?

Quote from Amedee Van Gasse [ https://launchpad.net/~amedee ] in https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+question/153014:

  CONFIRMED:

  error message= "Could not find kernel image: vesamenu.c32"
  error occurs for 11.04 and 10.10 ISO files. 10.04 or below don't have this problem
  problem also affects all other Ubuntu-based images like Kubuntu, Xubuntu, Mint,...
  Problem occurs with pendrives created with pendrivelinux's universal usb installer as well as with unetbootin. This leads me to the
  conclusion that the problem may not be in these tools but in the image
  itself.

  STEPS TO REPRODUCE:

  download 11.04 alternate installer iso from ubuntu.com
  check download with md5sum
  create a bootable installer on a pendrive with either universal-usb-installer (Windows) or Unetbootin (Linux)
  boot with the pendrive

  WORKAROUND:

  Copy all files (only files, not directories) from the root (/) of the pendrive to the /syslinux directory of the pendrive.
  Do NOT overwrite files that already exist in the /syslinux directory
  Boot from the pendrive: no longer any errors.

[...]


A perl solution, taking advantage of GNU date to convert the dates:

perl -ne 'if(/^###<(.*)>/){
            chomp($d=`date -d \"$1\" +%Y_%m_%d`);
            $name="$d.log"
          }
          open(my $fh,">>","$name");
          print $fh $_;' file.log

Explanation

-ne : read the input file line by line (saving each line as the special variable $_) and apply the script given by -e to each line.
if(/^###<(.*)>/) : if the line starts with ###<, capture everything between the <> as $1 (that's what the parentheses do).
chomp($d=date -d \"$1\" +%Y_%m_%d); : the date command reformats the date. For example:

$ date -d "Sep 1, 2016 1:00:01 AM" +%Y_%m_%d
2016_09_01

The chomp removes the final newline from the result of date so we can use it later.
$name="$d.log" : we save the result of the date command plus .log as the variable $name.
open(my $fh,">>","$name"); : open the file $name as the file handle $fh. Don't worry if you don't know what a file handle is, this just means that print $fh "foo" will print foo into $name.
print $fh $_; : print the current line into the file that the file handle $fh points to. So, print the line into whatever is currently saved as $name.


Blank white image balloons in Google Earth

I'am lookin longer than a year for a solution of this problem.
Now I found it and it works great :-)

Install the actual 64bit version of Google-Earth:
https://www.google.com/earth/index.html

Follow the instruction on this site to solve the problem:

https://bkjaya.wordpress.com/2014/04/27/how-to-solve-blank-panoramio-photo-problem-in-google-earth-on-ubuntu-2/#content

Notice that it only works for the 64 bit version of Google-Earth and begin in the terminal at:

Solution(given by Mr.Amirpli):......

Greetings
Lars from Roermond/Netherlands


How to connect Tektronix TDS10001B to Ubuntu?

I have found a solution. First, forget libgpib0: you need to use usbtmc which is built in Ubuntu kernel. After plugging the scope, makes sure that you have the usbtmc stuff as in my first post:

root@laptop:~# dmesg -c
[  296.744133] usb 3-1: new full-speed USB device number 2 using uhci_hcd
[  296.918061] generic-usb 0003:0699:036B.0005: hiddev0,hidraw4: USB HID v1.00 Device [Tektronix, Inc. Tektronix TDS1001B] on usb-0000:00:1a.0-1/input0
[  297.504214] usb 3-1: USB disconnect, device number 2
[  299.432087] hub_port_connect_change: 30 callbacks suppressed
[  299.432099] hub 3-0:1.0: connect-debounce failed, port 1 disabled
[  299.732161] usb 3-1: new full-speed USB device number 3 using uhci_hcd
[  299.947136] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbtmc
root@laptop:~# lsmod | grep usbtmc
usbtmc                 17996  0
root@laptop:~# ls -lah /dev/usbtmc0
crw------- 1 root root 180, 176 Feb 17 22:36 /dev/usbtmc0

Note that you can write and read to /dev/usbtmc0:

echo "*IDN?" > /dev/usbtmc0
cat /dev/usbtmc0

You should get something like:

TEKTRONIX,TDS 1001B,C062368,CF:91.1CT FV:v22.01

You might have to do:

chmod a+w /dev/usbtmc0

Then, I have updated and fixed the python script:

--- tds-2012.py 2013-02-23 11:26:54.902570542 -0800
+++ tds-2012.py 2013-02-23 11:40:59.506758703 -0800
@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@
 #   in /etc/gpib.conf.

-from Gpib import *
-from matplotlib.matlab import *
+from matplotlib.pyplot import *
 from string import *
 from time import *
 from struct import *
@@ -30,9 +29,23 @@
 # how long to sleep after issuing a write
 sleeptime = 0.01

-# set up GPIB comms and clear device
-scope = gpib.find('scope')
-gpib.clear(scope)
+class gpib_usbtmc:
+   def __init__(self):
+       self.usbtmc = open("/dev/usbtmc0", "r+")
+
+   def write(self, wathever, string):
+       self.usbtmc.write(string + "\n")
+
+   def read(self, whatever, size):
+       return self.usbtmc.readline().strip()
+
+   def readbin(self, whatever, size):
+       return self.usbtmc.readline()
+
+scope = 0
+gpib = gpib_usbtmc()
+#gpib.write(scope, '*IDN?')
+#print "ID: ", gpib.read(scope, 128)

 # set SRQ operation
 gpib.write(scope,'DESE 1')
@@ -172,7 +185,7 @@
 axis([0,points,-5*voltsdiv,5*voltsdiv])
 xlabel(sweep_string)
 ylabel(volt_string)
-set(gca(), 'xticklabels', [])
+setp(gca(), 'xticklabels', [])
 if not gca().is_first_col():
    set(gca(), 'yticklabels', [])
 if not gca().is_last_row():

The whole script looks like now:

#!/usr/bin/env python

# found on <http://www.febo.com/geekworks/data-capture/tds-2012.html>: <ftp://ftp.febo.com/pub/n8ur_programs/tds-2012.py>

# tds-2012.py
# version 0.1 -- 27 Jan 2004
#
# Plot display of Tektronix TDS-2012 (or other TDS-10xx or TDS-20xx DSO)
#
# Copyright 2004 by John R. Ackermann  N8UR (jra@febo.com)
# Licensed under the GPL version 2 or later; see the file COPYING
# included with this distribution.  I request, but do not require, that
# any modifications that correct bugs or errors, or increase the program's
# functionality, be sent via email to the author at the address above.
#
# Current status:
# Version 0.1 -- first version, and first ever Python program.  Note that
#   binary read requires updated linux-gpib python bindings (post version
#   3.1.99).  If you don't have that version, you can convert to use an
#   ASCII data read as commented below.  Assumes that "scope" is defined
#   in /etc/gpib.conf.

from matplotlib.pyplot import *
from string import *
from time import *
from struct import *

# how long to sleep after issuing a write
sleeptime = 0.01

class gpib_usbtmc:
    def __init__(self):
        self.usbtmc = open("/dev/usbtmc0", "r+")

    def write(self, wathever, string):
        self.usbtmc.write(string + "\n")

    def read(self, whatever, size):
        return self.usbtmc.readline().strip()

    def readbin(self, whatever, size):
        return self.usbtmc.readline()

scope = 0
gpib = gpib_usbtmc()
#gpib.write(scope, '*IDN?')
#print "ID: ", gpib.read(scope, 128)

# set SRQ operation
gpib.write(scope,'DESE 1')
gpib.write(scope,'*ESE 1')
gpib.write(scope,'*SRE 32')

# turn off response headers and set waveform output to default binary
# it seems like these need to be sent separately and not concatenated
gpib.write(scope,'head 0')

# for ASCII dump, send 'dat ASCII' instead
gpib.write(scope,'dat INIT')
sleep(sleeptime)

# get instrument settings
gpib.write(scope,'ch1:scale?')
sleep(sleeptime)
voltsdiv = float(gpib.read(scope,80))
if voltsdiv >= 1:
    volt_string = '%i V / div' % (voltsdiv)
else:
    volt_string = '%i mv / div' % (voltsdiv * 1000)

gpib.write(scope,'hor:mai:sca?')
sleep(sleeptime)
tmp = float(gpib.read(scope,80))
rawsweep = tmp
if tmp >= 1:
    sweep_val = tmp
    sweep_suf = "S"
if tmp < 1:
    sweep_val = tmp * 10e2
    sweep_suf = "mS"
    if tmp < 0.001:
        sweep_val = tmp * 10e5
        sweep_suf = "uS"
        if tmp < 0.000001:
            sweep_val = tmp * 10e8
            sweep_suf = "nS"
sweep_val = '%.f' % sweep_val
sweep_string = sweep_val + ' ' + (sweep_suf) + " / div"

# acquire
gpib.write(scope,'acquire:state on')
sleep(sleeptime)

# get the waveform preamble
gpib.write(scope,'wfmpre?')
sleep(sleeptime)
tmp = gpib.read(scope,256)
preamble = split(tmp,';')
# number of points in trace
points = int(preamble[5])
# volts per bit (-127 to +128)
voltsbit = float(preamble[12])

# get the curve
gpib.write(scope,'curv?')
sleep(sleeptime)

# binary data read and convert to list
tmp = gpib.readbin(scope,4096)

# for ASCII read, use 'gpib.read(scope,16384)' instead of the above, and
# delete the next two lines.  You'll need to use 'split' to convert the
# comma-delimited values returned in 'tmp' to a list of values called
# 'tmplist', and you may need to adjust the offsets used in the 'for' loop
# to end up with the proper number of points

formatstring = '%ib' % (len(tmp))
tmplist = unpack(formatstring,tmp)

trace = []
# there's a newline at the end of the data, thus the strange slice
for x in tmplist[len(tmplist)-points-1:-1]:
    trace.append(int(x)*voltsbit)

# get some measurements, just for fun
tmp = 9.9E37
gpib.write(scope,'measu:imm:typ PK2;:measu:imm:sou CH1')
sleep(sleeptime)
gpib.write(scope,'measu:imm:val?')
sleep(sleeptime)
tmp = float(gpib.read(scope,80))
if tmp != 9.9E37:
    peak_string = 'Pk-Pk: %.3f V' % (tmp)
else: peak_string = ''

gpib.write(scope,'measu:imm:typ MEAN;:measu:imm:sou CH1')
sleep(sleeptime)
gpib.write(scope,'measu:imm:val?')
tmp = float(gpib.read(scope,80))
if tmp != 9.9E37:
    mean_string = 'Mean: %.3f V' % (tmp)
else: mean_string = ''

gpib.write(scope,'measu:imm:typ PERI;:measu:imm:sou CH1')
sleep(sleeptime)
gpib.write(scope,'measu:imm:val?')
tmp = float(gpib.read(scope,80))
if tmp >= 1:
    period_val = tmp
    period_suf = "S"
if tmp < 1:
    period_val = tmp * 10e2
    period_suf = "mS"
    if tmp < 0.001:
        sweep_val = tmp * 10e5
        sweep_suf = "uS"
        if tmp < 0.000001:
            period_val = tmp * 10e8
            period_suf = "nS"
if tmp != 9.9E37:
    period_string = 'Period: %.3f' % (period_val) + ' ' + period_suf
else: period_string = ''

gpib.write(scope,'measu:imm:typ FREQ;:measu:imm:sou CH1')
sleep(sleeptime)
gpib.write(scope,'measu:imm:val?')
tmp = float(gpib.read(scope,80))
if tmp < 1e3:
    freq_val = tmp
    freq_suf = "Hz"
if tmp < 1e6:
    freq_val = tmp / 10e2
    freq_suf = "kHz"
if tmp >= 1e6:
    freq_val = tmp / 10e5
    freq_suf = "MHz"

if tmp != 9.9E37:
    freq_string = 'Freq: %.3f' % (freq_val) + ' ' + freq_suf
else: freq_string = ''

# plot
plot(trace)
axis([0,points,-5*voltsdiv,5*voltsdiv])
xlabel(sweep_string)
ylabel(volt_string)
setp(gca(), 'xticklabels', [])
if not gca().is_first_col():
    set(gca(), 'yticklabels', [])
if not gca().is_last_row():
    set(gca(), 'xticklabels', [])
grid(1)

text(0.03*points,-4.9*voltsdiv, peak_string)
text(0.03*points,-4.4*voltsdiv, mean_string)
text(0.72*points,-4.93*voltsdiv, freq_string)
text(0.72*points,-4.4*voltsdiv, period_string)

show()

And it's working! Yes, you can thank me ;-)


Asus K55A Lubuntu not booting to OS. I think kernel update messed with ACPI somehow

Thanks to @guiverc you fix the partition where your Ubuntu OS (The GUI) is using the Fsck command or the Gparted application provided by Ubuntu or other favors if they have the app. Gparted uses an advance version of fsck called e2fsck which is a command-line app all on it's own.

You have to use a live disc (preferably the live disk you used to install your OS) to run these commands or the app.

For me my OS is in partition /dev/sda6/. If you're using Gparted right-click the partition -> Click 'Check' -> on the bottom of app right-click the 'pending' process and choose Apply. -> Let it run and finish (unless there is more errors) -> Shutdown your live OS -> Remove live disk -> Reboot. You should be able to boot to your OS GUI.


How can I easily switch audio output in Ubuntu 17.10 and later with GNOME?

You may use the Sound Input & Output Device Chooser GNOME shell extension.

(The extension) Shows a list of sound output and input devices (similar to gnome sound settings) in the status menu below the volume slider. Various active ports like HDMI , Speakers etc. of the same device are also displayed for selection.

(screenshot source: extension's homepage at extensions.gnome.org)

You may visit its GitHub page for more info.
Refer to this to learn more about installing and managing GNOME Shell extensions: How do I install and manage GNOME Shell extensions?


Wi-fi with ath5k - bad connections after idle

Try the following solution, replacing ath9k with ath5k (you might need to update your kernel, as someone mentions in the comments)?

I'm not sure, but I think the ath5k has an identical option.

That is:

sudo -s
echo "options ath5k nohwcrypt=1" > /etc/modprobe.d/ath5k.conf


How does the Ubuntu bug list relate to individual packages' bug lists?

Bugs can be associated with both projects and distributions:

The Ubuntu bug list contains only those which list Ubuntu as an affected distribution:

Take, for example, this bug. It is associated with both Ubuntu, and the unity-lens-applications project. It will show up in both bug lists. This QEMU bug will be in both lists.


Adding a entry in /etc/fstab  may solve your issue, I was having issues using programs in wine that would not recognize my cdrom. In your case start by running:
sudo mkdir -v /media/cdrom0 ; sudo mkdir -v /media/cdrom1

This will create the future mount points for your cdrom drives. Then run this command which will edit in the proper lines in your fstab file:
 echo "# cdrom 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
 echo "/dev/sr0 /media/cdrom/  auto ro,noauto,user,exec 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
 echo "# cdrom 1" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
 echo "/dev/sr0 /media/cdrom/ auto ro,noauto,user,exec 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

Then you will want to remount the file systems listed in fstab with this command:
sudo mount -a

Pop in a cd or dvd to see it this corrected the issue. If it did solve the issue there is some problem with automount. This is only a workaround for a bigger problem.


System settings doesn't display graphic drivers in Ubuntu 13.04

It doesn't matter. I also cannot see my graphic card in system -> Settings -> Properties.

The only thing that it is important is that your driver is activated.


You might not have support for 32-bit architecture (i386) enabled.  It is disabled by default in 64-bit installs.  Try this from the terminal:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

Then update your package list

sudo apt update

Try opening Steam again, and hopefully you will now be able to install the needed packages.


I don’t have enough information to know for sure but I think that your problem is in the color profile of the image itself.  If that’s the case then I’m fairly sure that I have a solution.
If you have a recent distribution of Ubuntu, then you have ImageMagick. You can check for it by typing just the word “convert” into your terminal. If you get several screens of usage information then you have it. If not, you may want to look for it on the Software Center.
Assuming that you have ImageMagick, open your terminal, navigate to the directory where you image file is and type:

Convert “filename” –colorspace RGB  “newfilename”

Where “filename” is the name of your image and “newfilename” is what you want to call the modified version.
Now try opening “newfilename” in eog and let us know what happens.


"No input registered" when attempting to start Ubuntu live USB

Installation, as per Canonical, Ubuntu's publishers, is typically done following these instructions on another Linux PC https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu#0 or on a Windows PC https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-create-a-usb-stick-on-windows#0 .

Once you make a LiveUSB, install it following these steps https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-install-ubuntu-desktop#0.

If you followed those steps, see the suggestion of Pilot6 in the comment above.


Dependency trouble when installing libcups2-dev

Looks like the answer was more obvious than it needed to be.

I was right to think that the version 'mismatch' was the problem.  I forced apt-get to install the 'other' 2.1-3.1 version of libjbig0:

~ % sudo apt-get install libjbig0=2.1-3.1

Which worked, but apt-get prompted me that this was a downgrade.  Welp.  Either way, this resolved the dependency issue and I was able to successfully install libcups2-dev.

I'd still love to know what all the +deb stuff as a suffix to the version number was, though, if any of you are bored.


Is there a way to do a ' ls -R | grep "aname"* | rm; to remove multiple files in multiple directory

If 'aname' shall be the starting part of the filename, it would be, from the current directory:

find -name "aname" -delete

Btw.:

grep "bla"* somewhere

is almost always false, since grep already makes partial matches, which means, it finds bla, blafasel and xybla with simply

grep bla somewhere

Deleted older part of answer, because of misunderstanding:

From the current directory, if you look for the word 'aname' in all files, you can just use:

find -exec grep "aname" {} ";" -delete


Ubuntu goes suspended after login if lid is closed

For me, Sam's comment gave the working solution.

Edit the file /etc/systemd/logind.conf. You need to do this with root permission, so for example you can run this command:

sudoedit /etc/systemd/logind.conf

Just uncomment the line:

#HandleLidSwitchDocked=ignore

That is, change it to:

HandleLidSwitchDocked=ignore

Save and exit.

This allows the docked laptop run with the lid closed or open.


Deves usar antivirus para tus aplicativos windows que instalas en tu linux. Se no usas aplicativos windows no lo necessitas de antivirus no linux.

Puedes usar lo ClamAV antivirus pero no es necessário.


Is there a bittorrent client which has an embedded tracker?

I like qBittorrent. I am not so familiar with torrents but here is something on embeddedtracker.


How can I start VirtualBox in the face of a DKMS error?

This is a kernel/driver issue.  It's the same under xen with xcp so not limited to virtualbox  The blktap driver fails to compile on 3.13 kernels.

This might work:

wget http://es.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/b/blktap-dkms/blktap-dkms_2.0.93-0ubuntu4_amd64.deb

dpkg -i  blktap-dkms_2.0.93-0ubuntu4_amd64.deb
(Reading database ... 115884 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to replace blktap-dkms 2.0.91-1ubuntu1
(using blktap-dkms_2.0.93-0ubuntu4_amd64.deb) ...

------------------------------
Deleting module version: 2.0.91
completely from the DKMS tree.
------------------------------
Done.
Unpacking replacement blktap-dkms ...
Setting up blktap-dkms (2.0.93-0ubuntu4) ...
Loading new blktap-2.0.93 DKMS files...
Building only for 3.13.0-40-generic
Building initial module for 3.13.0-40-generic
Done.

blktap:
Running module version sanity check.
  - Original module
  - No original module exists within this kernel
  - Installation
  - Installing to /lib/modules/3.13.0-40-generic/updates/dkms/

depmod.......

DKMS: install completed.

You basically just use the version that comes with trusty tahr


It looks like this is because you've used CDs/DVDs to install your system instead of online repositories. When you try to use the package manager it's referring to those CDs.

You might want to add Ubuntu repositories in /etc/apt/sources.list or /etc/apt/sources.list.d

Default contents of /etc/apt/sources.list contents for Ubuntu Precise installed using netboot images is listed below:

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise universe
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates universe
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates universe

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse

Then run apt-get update and install the buil-essential package as you tried doing it earlier.


Ubuntu 14.04 Unable to mount iphone. Cant close window

I get it all the time. The trick is to get the PID of the opened windows (usually all the windows opened in this problem have the same PID). What you need is the following

wmctrl -l -p

This gives you the list of all opened windows with their PID and names! For example in my case it showed:

0x05000003  0 19086  Earthshake
0x05000008  0 19086  Earthshake mostafa's iPhone
0x05000012  0 19086  Earthshake

The 3rd column is the PID to kill! So, simply use the kill command. For example:

kill -9 19086


How to turn off right ALT to making: πœ©ß←↓→þðæŋ’ə…„”µ

I suppose Compose key produces these symbols. If it isn't defined explicitly in the "Keyboard Preferences", then Shift+AltGr combo is used by default. So if you occasionally press these keys then symbols printed after that are interpreted as Compose sequence.
Check this link for the detailed explanation.

You can use some other key or key combo which is not used often if you have no need of Compose key. Define it in your "Keyboard Preferences". As to me I use Menu key (which is located to the left of RCtrl) for Compose.


ssh-agent not accessible within a schroot

Manually changing SSH_AUTH_SOCK does not work for me, but the flag -p helped in my case.

Steps:

Copy 10mount-ssh as you did.
ssh-add at host
schroot -p -c <chroot> --automatic-session, so chroot should have the same environment variables as the host (due to -p flag).
hg clone ssh://<login>@<host>:<repo> - command (from chroot) is not asking password.


Searching for a library:

apt-cache search library-name-here

Obtain the source code:

sudo apt-get source library-or-program-name-here


font looks bad in Browsers (Firefox and Chrome)

I was having a similar problem using Ubuntu 12.10. I did not realized that the problem started after I tried some dual screen configurations. When I went back to use just the Laptop Screen the resolution of the screen was set to 1360x786 pixels (there is such option) but my monitor has 1366x786 pixels. This 6 pixels difference has a minor impact on big fonts or pictures and etc... but the fonts in the browser are affected. Just set the resolution to match my screen native again and solved the problem.


Somehow I resolved this a few days back, but it was unclear how I did it. At any rate, the problem occurred again today, when upgrading. I found a site in japanese that showed the answer:

$ which update-alternatives
/usr/bin/update-alternatives
$ sudo which update-alternatives
/usr/local/bin/update-alternatives
$ sudo mv /usr/local/bin/update-alternatives /usr/local/bin/update-alternatives.old
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
Setting up flashplugin-installer (11.1.102.62ubuntu0.10.10.2) ...
Downloading...
...
Flash Plugin installed.

So, long and short of it is that there were 2 different update-alternatives, and I just had to make sure that it was running the "correct" one.

Mike


sudo apt-get dist-upgrade removed sudo and other programs

Access Advanced options for Ubuntu in GRUB menu.

From the next screen select any recovery mode option.

From the Recovery Menu use the arrow keys to select network, press the Tab key to put the focus on <OK> and press Enter twice.
From the Recovery Menu use the arrow keys to select root, press the Tab key to put the focus on <OK> and press Enter twice.

Reinstall sudo.

apt install sudo && reboot


I upgraded my Ubuntu 14.04 to Ubuntu 16.04 and this has solved the problem. I can now see the IPython Console.


You have two options:

1- Reboot your Ubuntu and open windows, then turn off fast boot.
Turn off windows 10 fast boot.

2- Reboot your Ubuntu and open windows, then restart your windows and open Ubuntu. You will find that problem is solved because restarting close all partitions.

Note : If you choose option 2 you will need to do it every time you want to use Ubuntu.


This is expected. Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz and bluetooth share the same radio frequency.

Also the 2.4 range is very crowded nowadays.

The Wi-Fi driver has to slow down transmission while sending something using Bluetooth.

The solution is to use the 5 GHz wireless.


If Control+Alt+F1 works you can use it to drop to a hard terminal. From there you can:

Try killing the application. I use htop to find and nuke something (sudo apt-get install htop) but you can also just use commands like kill and pkill if you're happy with them. I prefer htop because it lets me see what is schizing out.

It's then Control+Alt+F7 (sometimes F8 or F9) to return to your X session.
If that doesn't work (X is still locked up) or the X server is somehow damaged (tons of artefacts, wrong resolution, etc), and I don't have any unsaved work, I'd try restarting gdm (the beast that launches X and manages logins etc).

sudo restart gdm

That should automatically pull you back into X but all your applications die with X so that's why I say this is really for when you've got nothing open that you should have saved.

If you can't get to a TTY, or SSH in from another system (if you're running a SSH server and have another computer or phone with SSH client) and can't do the above, you might have to try the magic restart keyboard combination. It's somewhat safer than pulling the plug.

Hold Alt + PrintScr/SysRq and then slowly type: r e i s u b

A handy mnemonic for remembering this is: Reboot Even If System Utterly Broken

If that doesn't work, go postal on the power button.


Problems to boot on Natty with Kernel 2.6.39.1

A very similar Question was recently raised here.

The resolve the black screens for the proprietary FGLRX catalyst driver, you will need to patch the kernel.

Therefore, boot with your natty kernel and remove the FGLRX catalyst driver. You should be able to boot with the open-source driver.  Reboot into the new kernel.

In the linked question try either of the two solutions depending upon whether you are using Catalyst v11.5 or Catalyst v11.6.


Moving files with folder structure by age to different drive

This script should help in this regards:

#!/bin/bash

from=$1
destination=$2
if [[ -d "$from" && -s "$from" ]]; then

        # extract the name of the sub directory
        # to be create
        src=$(sed -r 's/.*\/(Research).*/\1/' <<< "$from")

        if [[ -d /media/me/drive21/Documents/Research_Archive/ ]]; then

                destination=/media/me/drive21/Documents/Research_Archive/

                if [[ ! -d "$destination/$src" ]]; then

                        mkdir "$destination/$src"
                        newdes="$destination/$src"
                        find "$from" -type f -mtime +5 -print0 -exec mv {} "$newdes" \;
                else
                        cd "$destination"
                        find "$from" -type f -mtime +5 -print0 -exec mv {} "$newdes" \;

                fi

         else
                exit 1
         fi
else
        exit 1
fi

Usage:

chmod +x mv.sh
./mv.sh /home/me/Documents/Research/  /media/me/drive21/Documents/Research_Archive

Using a udev rule to automate the moving of the files to external storage:

Alter the code to work with this setup:

    #!/bin/bash

    from=$1
    destination=$2
    if [[ -d "$from" && -s "$from" ]]; then

            # extract the name of the sub directory
            # to be create
            src=$(sed -r 's/.*\/(arch).*/\1/' <<< "$from")

            if [[ -d "/media/me/drive21/Documents/Research_Archive/" ]];then

                 destination="/media/me/drive21/Documents/Research_Archive/"

                    if [[ ! -d "$destination/$src" ]]; then

                            cd "$destination"
                            mkdir "$src"

                            find "$from" -type f -mtime -5 -exec mv {} "$src" \;
                    else
                            cd "$destination"
                            find "$from" -type f -mtime -5 -exec mv {} "$src" \;

                    fi

            else
                    exit 1
            fi
    else
            exit 1
    fi

Set up mount device event:

Create a .rule file:

KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ATTR{removable}=="1", ATTRS{serial}=="07083395757D2761", MODE="0777", RUN+="/home/me/mv.sh /home/me/Documents/Research/ /media/me/drive21/Documents/Research_Archive"

call this 90-move.rules and place in /etc/udev/rules.d directory
Use udevadm info -a -n /dev/sd* to get the needed information about your external storage device.

Now all need do is plugin your device and once it's identified by the rule set, the files should be moved. Please tweak the code to the way it will work best for you.

Source:

http://www.reactivated.net/writing_udev_rules.html

https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E37670_01/E41138/html/ch07s03.html

https://wiki.debian.org/udev

https://www.linux.com/news/udev-introduction-device-management-modern-linux-system


Openvpn installation failure with " 'IP' has no attribute 'SubnetSet'"

Are you sure this package is made for your version of Ubuntu? Package name sounds like it's for Xenial, while your uname with 3.13.x #153-Ubuntu: sounds like Trusty.

Assuming you just want OpenVPN, you may go with apt-get install openvpn instead of your dpkg. As a general rule: avoid using dpkg directly.


Update Manager reports a "404 - Failed to fetch" for a deb file

The correct package name is software-center_5.2.2.2_all.deb (three point-twos, not two). The discrepancy is probably because you haven't updated recently and have the no-longer-available older 5.2.2 version in Update Manager's cache.

Press the Check button in Update Manager and then try Install again (thanks @EliahKagan!)

If that doesn't work, try opening the terminal with Ctrl-Alt-T and then run sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y. Then close the terminal and try Update Manager again.


A balloon always appears in the gnome indicator asking me to update

Try updating from the command line:

$ sudo apt update && sudo apt install --fix-missing && sudo apt upgrade

This should resolve your problems.

You can also try to get rid of old packages you don't need:

$ sudo apt autoremove && sudo apt autoclean

Finally, check out your apt sources and see if you maybe need to re-add any old PPAs from your last installation.


You can try it with Wubi, or, alternatively, to resize the Windows partition, create a Linux partition in the free space and install Mythbuntu there. The latter approach is probably more future-proof in case you decide to get rid of Windows... also, you're going to need a lot of disk space for recordings, so a separate hard drive will be the ultimate solution.


Gnome animations gone after upgrade to 18.04

I solved this by installing and using vanilla-gnome-desktop on my ubuntu 18.04


Under displays in settings, changing the resolution should do the trick, I'm not on Ubuntu at the moment and that's how it works with my TV through HDMI.
This too so you can make it larger

sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

Since the resolution thing problem only works on TVs

This should help Moving bar to bottom


grub2 can't configure after failed upgrade on raid

A purge and reinstall fixed all apt problems:

sudo dpkg --purge grub-pc grub2 grub-gfxpayload-lists
sudo apt-get -f install
# the following gives the prompts:
sudo apt-get install grub-pc grub2 grub-gfxpayload-lists

I've restated the question better (and without the apt problems) here:
grub2: update-grub failed to get canonical path of `none'


Yes, it is completely safe to remove Mozilla Thunderbird. To do so, run the following command:

sudo apt-get purge thunderbird*


How can I prevent BleachBit from clearing iBus Pinyin's memory?

Teach pinyin
Uncheck all except System and X11.
Uncheck Rotated Logs.
Run a preview
Copy all the filenames to the clipboard
Paste them into your favorite text editor
Do a search for filenames related to pinyin such as pinyin and ibus
When you find the right filename, whitelist it it in the preferences
Also file a bug ticket with BleachBit

By the way, the latest version of BleachBit is version 1.10, which is much newer than 1.1.


Execute file with default program from zsh?

You can run xdg-open ~/path/to/file.pdf.


How to create one directory in the tree of directories ubuntu?

Yes, you can create Bookmarks. Just go inside the folder you want to bookmark and select Bookmark this location in the Bookmarks section of the top panel. Or use Ctrl + D keyboard shortcut.


Let's manually check your file system...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB in “Try Ubuntu” mode
open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T
type sudo fdisk -l
identify the /dev/sdXX device name for your "Linux Filesystem"
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sda4, replacing sdXX with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot


How can I have multiple apache sites under the same domain?

You have 2 solutions

1. Creating a Virtual Host for each site

In my opinion, I would recommend this solution if it's a possibility.

In this step, you would need need to create a site just as you did for your previous ones. But you will need to give them a domain like www.site3.temp even if it won't have a dns record. (notice the .tmp TLD)

Next, for each user that will open that site, they would need to edit their hosts file and add a line which points that temp url to your IP. Like so:

xx.xx.xx.xx      www.site3.tmp

In Linux and Mac OS the hosts file is located at /etc/hosts
In Windows it's located in <Windows Installation>/system32/drivers/etc/hosts
By default, <Windows Installation> is in C:/Windows

2. Creating an Alias

If editing of the hosts file is not a solution, then this is you only other option

This would require you to edit your default virtual host file. It's the virtual host of www.mysite1.com, since it's the one that is opening when you go to http://xx.xx.xx.xx/mysite3.
This is the reason I don't like this solution since it makes stuff ugly and cluttered. And I only use it as a last resort.

In the Virtual Host configuration, add the following line (Changing the paths as required of course):

Alias /mysite3 /home/mysite3/
# Notice that there isn't a trailing slash
# So this won't work: Alias /mysite3/ /home/mysite3/

Of course, if you need to add some apache configuration to the directory, the also need to be done in the same host file.

<Directory /home/site3/>
    AllowOverride All # Just an example
</Directory>

3. (Bonus) Combining both solution

This is better then the second solution, but not as good as the first one

The default Virtual Host file is the first one loaded by apache. And by default, apache loads them alphabetically. So, what you can do, you can create a new virtual host file which would precede all your other virtual hosts files.
For example, 000-default (Which is now done in the default configuration of apache2.4).

Then create all your Aliases in that Host file, and the default URL of this virtual host would go to a 403 page. So in the end, you would get this:

www.mysite1.com   --> /home/mysite1
www.mysite2.com   --> /home/mysite2
xx.xx.xx.xx       --> 403 Error
xx.xx.xx.xx/site3 --> /home/site3
xx.xx.xx.xx/site4 --> /home/site4

This is preferred over the second solution, since that one might conflict with your other sites. For example, it might get messed up with your URL rewrites.


Thunderbird 68.3.1 Profile-How to install in Ubuntu 18.04

You can try downgrading your profile from the terminal by launching Thunderbird as follows:

thunderbird --allow-downgrade

Please make sure you backup your profile just in case something goes wrong during the downgrade. Upon successful conversion, ensure everything is in place and check for updates for your addons (if any) then close Thunderbird.

Future launches should now work out of the box.

Hope this helps.


Elementary test software randomly appearing on my computer

I removed it by going to Settings -> Applications
Select Elementary test then select open in Software option in the top right.
Finally remove.
Hope that helps.


It was my system registering two active screens, through Settings --> Screen Display. Both were switched to the "on" position. I just had to switch one screen off, ensuring the other was switched on, then save the changes.

Magic! Thank you Zacharee1 for getting the ball rolling, and steeldriver for finding the solution.


Why can't I install 'arm64' packages on an 'amd64' system when I can install 'armhf' packages?

Never mind, I figured it out. You need to run:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture arm64

And you can see the list of existing architectures added via:

sudo dpkg --print-foreign-architectures

Why they think the user must be initially joking about the explicit :arm64 suffix is beyond me. It's not like you don't already have to explicilty add arm64 as an architecture in /etc/sources.list...


How to simply convert video files (i.e.: MKV to MP4)?

If you only want to convert MKV to MP4 then you will save quality and a lot of time by just changing the containers. Both of these are just wrappers over the same content so the CPU only needs to do a little work. Don't re encode as you will definitely lose quality.

It's very straight forward using ffmpeg:

ffmpeg -i LostInTranslation.mkv -codec copy LostInTranslation.mp4

Here, you are copying the video codec and audio codec so nothing is being encoded.

Tip: To convert all MKV files in the current directory, run a simple loop in terminal:

for i in *.mkv; do
    ffmpeg -i "$i" -codec copy "${i%.*}.mp4"
done

For future conversions, like from AVI to MP4, check out HandBrake.


Is it possible to enable Unity Web Apps desktop integration with Firefox Web apps downloaded from the Mozilla Marketplace?

Unity WebApps are different from the WebApps that are provided by Chrome/Firefox. Though they serve the same purpose in a different way

Unity WebApps are programmed to integrate with Ubuntu application management features like

Notifications
Media Menu
Unity HUD
Messaging Menu
Launcher

but where as in Firefox and Chrome the webpage is turned into web app which doesn't provide  much integration with Ubuntu.

To know more about Unity WebApps check here


How to display AppArmor denied messages as desktop notifications

This can be done with apparmor-notify

Install it through apt (sudo apt-get install apparmor-notify)
In /etc/apparmor/notify.conf change the usergroup to 'adm' (all users using sudo are in this group)
add aa-notify -p to your startup applications.

You can then test it by triggering a AppArmor Denied event with

sudo tcpdump -i eth0 -n -s 0 -w /foo


Installing java 8 on ubuntu 14.04 ppa not adding

I do not know how it will be said in English. There is an application for managing software sources. This has a tab to add repositories manually


Can't boot from USB- FDD and I need to get it back to HDD

is there anyway I can possibly getting this flash drive 16GB to be
  detected as HDD in boot menu

That will be dependant on whether or not the BIOS supports booting from USB (FYI it won't show up as a HDD, there would be a listing for USB)

Now, if the BIOS is old enough that it doesn't support booting from USB, there's actually a workaround to get it booting from USB:

Make sure that you've properly burned the ISO to the flash drive with the Windows 7 USB/DVD download tool. (Yeah the name says Win7 but it works for Win10 too)
Download the PLOP boot manager zip file and extract it to a location of your choice.
After extracting the ZIP, you will find that one of the files extracted is an ISO. Burn that to a blank CD.
Boot the computer from that CD you just burned.
Insert the USB drive into a USB 2.0 port (do not use a 3.0)
Scroll down to the USB option in PLOP and hit Enter


Change owner of files recursively, but not directories

You can use find, it has an added advantage that the ARG_MAX will not be triggered in the process. From the parent directory:

find . -type f -exec chown newowner {} +

For chmod:

find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} +

-type f will find only files.


I can't create a Desktop entry on Ubuntu that works - invalid desktop entry file

Your .desktop launcher doesn't look right, change it to

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Version=1.0
Name= Link to Country Roads
Type=Link
URL=http://tune-in.com/radio/Country-Roads-s224628/
Icon=gnome-panel-launcher


Ubuntu 20.04 install on hp pavilion 14-ce3501sa Not Working

I don't know if I can solve this. But Iam giving a try. Sorry if its wrong.
Please press escape while booting. You may see the grub menu from there.
If you see it there will be option for ubuntu.


set Ubuntu to use english us or ca locale?

Go to System Settings -> Language Support (blue flag). This should open the Language Support window. Click on Install / Remove Languages.

Language Support Window

In the Installed Languages window, scroll to English and check the box under the column labeled Installed. Then click Apply.

Installed Languages Window

You should now be able to drag languages to arrange them in order of preference. You can also go back to the Install / Remove Languages and remove Russian if you no longer want it.


how to create a personalized install cd/pendrive of ubuntu according to my needs?(remastersys is no more)

In case you don't get the answer that exactly matches your question, here's an alternative solution I can suggest to meet your requirement.

You can Clonezilla your Ubuntu partition, i.e. save it using Clonezilla, and than Restore it to another computer. Ubuntu will automatically adjust itself to the new hardware configuration.

You only need to take care of the source and target partition number as well as the size (and also any other partition ids registered in your fstab file), which is quite easy if you read the documentantion on Clonezilla website: http://clonezilla.org/

One more important point:

Before starting this cloning operation you should better uninstall or at least disable any proprietary hardware (e.g. like video card) drivers and install/enable/use open source alternatives if the target computer does not have that same hardware in order to avoid problems.


This is indeed Ubuntu GNOME.  Most of the styling comes from the GNOME theme and shell extensions.  The easiest way to install the shell-extensions is to go to https://extensions.gnome.org/ in Firefox, enable gnome-shell integration in Firefox, then just enable the extensions from the website directly.

Here's my stab at discovering which shell extensions were used:

Applications Menu for the applications menu
Weather for the weather in the top-bar
Clipboard Indicator is probably the one that is left-most in the right grouping.

The Do-Not-Disturb-like icon (red circle with a dash through it) is the result of an error in the system (such as apt's appstreamcli error).

I have no idea where the chrome icon at the top came from, but you might be able to get something similar with the Taskbar extension.

For the theme, @serverus-tux suggested looking at numix-circles.  That looks right, but I didn't look too closely at it.  The install instructions are included at https://itsfoss.com/install-numix-ubuntu/, summarized here:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:numix/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install numix-gtk-theme numix-icon-theme-circle

You can use the gnome-tweak-tool to enable the theme.


How can I run VirtualBox a different TTY?

You cannot get the VirtualBox GUI running in the virtual terminals 1 - 6, only 7 and 8. Basically, you need to start the X server on VT8 and make programs run on it.

If you do not need window borders and a titlebar (because you're running VirtualBox fullscreen anyway) or other fancy display manager functions like Alt + Tab, you will be fine with a simple X server. Note that this may not be compatible with user-switching or re-logging when the main X server crashed.

Start a detached X server

sudo X -quiet -nolisten tcp -noreset :4 vt8

This will switch you to VT8 (Ctrl + Alt + F8) which is initially black. Switch back to GDM/KDM?whatever at VT7 by pressing Ctrl + Alt + F7. To run Virtual Box in VT8, run:

DISPLAY=:4 virtualbox &

This command first sets the environment variable DISPLAY to :4 and then runs virtualbox. You need to switch manually to VT8. Notice that you don't have a title bar nor a window border. To quit the application, use the File -> Quit option. To stop the xserver, first determine the process ID of your X server (using ps uww -C Xorg | grep :4) and then run sudo kill PIDHERE.

This is somehow advanced stuff, I recommend to stay using different virtual desktops (Ctrl + F<number-of-desktop> because using a second X server makes you lose sound from the main X server too. If virtualization is not a requirement, consider using wine.


Custom open with action for a file type: double click a certain file type logs file's location

That's a simple task, you just need to “open” the file(s) with an executable script like this:

#!/bin/bash
echo $@ >>~/Documents/mp3log.log
for i in "$@"; do
  xdg-open "$i"
done

xdg-open "$@" may be a better alternative for the loop if you want to deal with just a single file type here – of course you can also skip xdg-open and open it directly with the desired program, e.g. vlc "$@".

To run the selected files through the script by default just make it the default for the desired file type using your file manager.


Font size for some greek extended characters in true type fonts are 2 sizes bigger

I haven't been able to reproduce this (all of of my polytonic Greek letters are the right size), but this problem happens when the font doesn't have the particular glyph needed and defaults to a backup font to supply the glyph. Not all Unicode fonts have all the glyphs needed for a particular language. The larger size for one or two characters is common with Windows fonts when the missing glyph is pulled in from Tahoma or the equivalent.

You didn't mention the specific font you are using, but the solution is usually to find a specialized free font that is guaranteed to have all of the needed glyphs, such as Galatia SIL  for polytonic Greek.


First ensure that the patch file is for the exact same revision of the source that you have.

Then change to the root dir of the source tree.

Then run the patch command and pipe in the patch file as input, for example the normal command is:

patch < 730923.patch

Note: the patch file generated in this case has an added directory level at the start: notice how the files begin with a/... and b/... - this is a relatively common convention in some tools that generate patch files.  Assuming the patch tool doesn't recognise this convention you can tell it to ignore the first path level like so:

patch -p1 < 730923.patch


Problems in installing bugzilla on ubuntu 15.04

I am experiencing the same problem with Ubuntu 14.04, apache 2.4.7, bugzilla 5.0. Also wants to set as http://localhost/bugzilla.

The trick was to think... Yes, simply.

You executed:

./testserver.pl http://localhost

when in fact you should have used

./testserver.pl http://localhost/bugzilla

since it needs as input the location of itself (yeah, pretty dumb).


I want to install windows 7 64 bit alongside ubuntu, but the windows installer won't install in the ntfs partition

There are 2 slight "failures" for Windows. ( not failures for Linux ).

1.) windows-installer of Windows 7 only wants ntfs-partitions (you have boot-partition in FAT32 ? )

2.) windows-installer of Windows 7 only wants Windows 7 to bet on first parition (boot-partition) of your harddisk.

Later if you want it, that Windows should be by default in first line of boot-list in grub, you can read this here:

How do I set Windows to boot as the default in the boot loader?


just installed tiatracker, but cannot find any way to start it?

Let's use the packages.ubuntu.com website to see the files provided by the tiatracker package:

If the package is installed, you can get the same list from dpkg -L <packagename>

File list of package tiatracker in focal of architecture amd64
/usr/bin/TIATracker
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/README.md
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/README.source
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/TIATracker_manual.odt
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/TIATracker_manual.pdf.gz
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/Talk_Revision/TIATracker_Revision.odp
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/adsr.png
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/copyright
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/editor.jpg
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/examples/Dok Sae - Speedtest.ttt.gz
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/examples/glafouk - Beside.ttt.gz
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/examples/glafouk - Miniblast.ttt.gz
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/infotab.jpg
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/percussion_no_overlay.png
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/percussion_with_overlay.png
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/screenshot.jpg
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/tt_guide_creator.png
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/tt_icon.png
/usr/share/doc/tiatracker/tt_instrument.png

Looks like the package is fully-featured, and includes

A binary (/usr/bin/TIATracker)
README file
Manual
Examples

Recall the Linux is case-sensitive: tiatracker is not the same as TIATracker


Upgrade from 11.10 to 12.04 boot problem

Seems to be a problem with your xserver.

Try this

dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg

to reconfigure your xserver configuration

According to your Xorg.log it could also be a driver problem with your ATI graphic card. Do you have the newest version installed?
There was a post before. Perhaps this helps:

What is the correct way to install ATI Catalyst Video Drivers in 12.04 LTS?


Software Center prompts password of another user

you have to add them to sudo group and not administrator group. Previously there is admin group but its changed to sudo group and If you made it for sudo group then it wont ask password any longer.

For more information and better understanding


What is the diference between the images of Ubuntu Touch?

cdimage-touch

Provisions the device with a CDimage build of Ubuntu Touch.

cdimage-legacy

Provisions the device with legacy unflipped images. These images really shouldn't be used anymore, but it's a good time machine.

ubuntu-system

Provisions the device with an Ubuntu Image Based Upgrade image. Refer to this blog post or the wiki describing it for more information.

community

Provisions the device with a community supported build; community based images as described by this blog post. In a nutshell, each porter provides a manifest of where their ports are located and the are provisioned to the target devices, this currently only works with recovery images that support extendedcommands. Support for openrecoverscript is one of the close targets.

Source: http://sergiusens.github.io/posts/updates-to-phablet-flash.html


Is there an Ubuntu One files iPhone client?

An iPhone client is on our roadmap, so you will eventually be able to. I can't quite tell you when it will be launched, so keep an eye out on our blog for when we announce it.


Will lenses or scopes that worked in 12.04 work in 13.04?

Quoting from the Ubuntu Meeting Log:

  67 [17:27]  pawel_st asked: â€‹â€†is lens/scopes api
  stable/going to be stabilized with 12.04; will backwards compatibility
  be maintained from now, or is it still a moving target?

  68 [17:28]  the lens API had to be changed between Oneiric
  (11.10) and Precise (12.04), because the original way of doing thing
  wasn't going to be efficient enough

  69 [17:28]  but the new API should be all but set in stone
  70 [17:28]  the changes to the API, by the way, were not
  very drastic

The API should be pretty much set in stone now, so lenses that worked with 12.04 (after the 11.10 API rewrite) should be still compatible with 13.04.


How to migrate all users to an new server

I found the way to migrate all unix accounts, samba accounts and configuration from the old samba file server to new one.  It is simple, justcopy the following files from the old filer server, then replace at the new file server:

/etc/passwd (User name and account info)
/etc/shadow (Passwords)
/etc/group (Group names and membership)
/etc/gshadow - Contains group encrypted passwords.
/etc/samba/*
/var/lib/samba/*

After copying completion, restart the following services

service smbd restart
service nmbd restart

Then all users login to new file server and share the files


ulimit -u gives illegal option error when running from a script but not when from a terminal

ulimit is a shell builtin, not a program:

$ type ulimit
ulimit is a shell builtin

What it means is that ulimit may not work the same way with every shell.

The default shell in Ubuntu is Bash, and it is the shell you use from the terminal.

However in your script you are using sh, which (by default) is provided by is Dash, a shell similar, but different from Bash. Compare:

$ bash
$ ulimit -u
29901
$ dash
$ ulimit -u
dash: 1: ulimit: Illegal option -u

There are at least two solutions for your problem:

change your shebang from #!/bin/sh to #!/bin/bash;
use -p instead of -u.

I would recommend the first solution, because Bash has many more features than Dash. The drawback is that Bash is slower, but it your script is not performance-critical, this won't be a problem.

For more information about the difference between Bash's ulimit and Dash's ulimit, you can see man bash and man dash, then perform a search typing /ulimit. Additionally, Bash provides a help builtin that you can use as an alternative to the man page.


Can't boot from usb drive on LG Gram running Windows 10 Pro

Obtained from this Korean blog:
Inside the USB drive go to \EFI\BOOT\, copy grubx64.efi and rename the copy to NULL (not NULL.efi but simply NULL)
It worked for me.


Not necessarily a good idea. /var/mail/root contains email messages that some process on your system tried to bring to the attention of root, the system administrator. Read the messages.

If you delete /var/mail/root, you will lose all these messages, and /var/mail/root will be created anew the next time there's a message.


Create multiple aliases for localhost addresses on different ports

You'll have to use either some form of iptables destination-based forwarding rule, or use Apache or nginx as a proxy. For nginx:

sudo apt-get install nginx

Create a virtual server configuration of the form:

server {
    server_name notebooks;
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://localhost:8888;
        proxy_redirect default;
    }
    access_log /var/log/nginx/notebook-access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/notebook-error.log;
}

This can be done by editing the default site (/etc/nginx/sites-available/default), or by creating a new file in that directory (/etc/nginx/sites-available/notebook, for example). Use your favourite editor with admin privileges (sudo vim, sudo -H gedit, etc.).

Then enable the site by creating a link in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/, if it doesn't already exist:

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-{available,enabled}/default
# or, if you created a new file:
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-{available,enabled}/notebook

Restart nginx:

sudo service nginx restart

Edit /etc/hosts so that you have an alias with the same name used for server_name in the above configuration.

You can create many more such virtual servers for proxying to various ports.

I'm not too sure of my iptables-fu, but some simple redirections seem to work well for me. For example, with a simple Python web server (python3 -m http.server 8888):

iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d notebooks --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 8888

The command is easy to understand:

-A OUTPUT -p tcp to match outgoing TCP traffic.
-d notebooks and --dport 80 to match the destination hostname and port. The port isn't necessary here, since you'll likely be using only one port anyway.
-j REDIRECT --to-ports 8888 to use the REDIRECT chain, with 8888 as the target port for redirection. You can only use this chain with the nat table.
An entry for notebooks should exist in /etc/hosts before you apply this rule.


What ways are there to install software in Ubuntu?

There are many different ways software is installed on Linux. The preferred method is using the official repositories using apt or the Software Center. However, some programs are not available there, so you can add other repositories using PPAs. This will add "unofficial" packages to the repositories used by APT and the Software Center.

Some software is not available in PPAs either, but there are installers available, like on Windows. These installers can be shell scripts, .RUN files or other things. You can install these programs by running the installer just like you would do on Windows.

Some software is available as "ready to run" archives. You just extract it and run it. No installation. For those programs, you have to provide a .desktop file yourself, and you have to put them in a "safe" folder.

How do I install this program?

This program seems to be of the last type. I would recommend to put it in its own subfolder in the /opt folder. /opt/PhpStorm-139.732

Via graphical interface

One of the easiest ways to do this is using nautilus (the file manager), but you need root privileges to change things in the /opt/ folder. You can start nautilus as root by running sudo -H nautilus in a terminal. BE CAREFUL! You can do dangerous things running nautilus as root.

Via command line

Move the folder from downloads to /opt/

sudo mv /home/shairyar/Downloads/PhpStorm-139.732/ /opt/PhpStorm-139.732/

After that, you can check if it is moved by running ls on the directory. This lists the contents of the directory

ls /opt/PhpStorm-139.732/

Create a launcher icon

You can find more information on how to create a launcher icon here: How can I create launcher icon for PhpStorm?


You can use the -ctime option to find, but it is relative to now rather than to date... You could combine tests to get the right time, for example:

-ctime +48 -and -ctime -72

would test for files that were last modified some time between 48 and 72 hours ago (when was Friday? What day is it? I can't count... It's late in my timezone) (and we don't really need -and since that is implied, but it helps me to think clearly!)

Something like this, assuming it's in your home directory somewhere...

find ~ -type f -ctime +48 -and -ctime -72 -iname "*.cpp"

(replace cpp with whatever the extension was, if not that)


Ubuntu 16 reboots seconds after shutdown

Try to turn off your wifi from shortcut button for wifi / or from settings and your pc will not start itself.


The menu-bar of any application should allways be displayed

If you prefer CLI method than run following command in terminal:

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity integrated-menus true

If you prefer GUI method than,

Goto System-settings>Appearance in Behavior and change settings for Menu bar as Following screen-shot:

Now Menu-bar Separately available on each window's Title bar.