You can't, not with LUKS. The possibility of this attack is a feature, not a bug. It allows the system to keep the volume open after resume-from-suspension.

However, cryptography works in your favour to mitigate the consequences of this attack to a point where it becomes unviable if you choose

a “secure” pass phrase hash algorithm (see the --hash option of cryptsetup(8)) and
a “secure” pass phrase or key store.

For (1.) the default should be fine with a reasonably recent kernel and cryptsetup version. You can always change the hash algorithm at a later point (provided you know the correct pass phrase or volume key).

For (2.) refer to common guidelines to choose pass phrases. Many people seem to agree that Randall Munroe's comic illustrates a viable scheme for that choice. Another option are keys stored on smartcards. You can also pair the two.


How to access remote if all ports are closed?

If all ports on all interfaces are closed?
In that case you have a problem. One that usually requires physical access (either yours or by a trained person nearby).

If they truly are servers (and not a regular desktop used as a server) then there might be hope. Many servers come with a remote access tools like a DRAC. This is essentially a second mini computer using its own OS, its own NIC and its own rules. If one is installed and configured then you should be able to 'remotely' get physical access.

As in, you should be able to see the console, fake input from the keyboard, see what is on the screen etc. That way you could log in without encountering the firewall rules set on your regular network.

Note that these remote control networks often are on their own network. So you might need to arrange access to that. And you would need a username and password. If those are still on default that you are lucky. (Twice lucky even, since everyone might have guessed factory defaults). If not then it is hopefully either written down or disabled. In which case you fall back to classic physical access to the console.

Also, to avoid future problems, try to do these kind of things in screen or tmux. First setup a recovery (e.g. sleep 1800 && reboot), next start a second terminal and apply and test changes. If they work then do not forget to cancel the recovery commands on the other terminal.


Install 32-bit version of Oracle JDK 7 on a 64-bit Ubuntu?

It sounds like the second answer there would default to installing 64-bit Java (and it is a third-party tool so I doubt you could easily do much about that).

Just use the first answer with the 32-bit Oracle JDK 7. It is complicated, but it is the official Oracle way of doing it. You just need to make sure it stays updated manually (i.e. download and reinstall when a new release is out).


Enigmail - how to encrypt only part of the message?

The easiest way I know is to use command line:

  gpg -ea filetobeencrypted

and then copying the ascii file in the mail message.

Without command line I don't know a more convenient solution to what Łukasz presented. I tried it and it seems to work. I would add a note to someone interested in the solution that while the gpg is run on batch mode it can not ask the confirmation of the recipient. In order to circumvent the error of missing confirmation the recipient key shall be certified by sender's own key, and the sender's key shall have ultimate trust.


How do I copy over a partition ignoring errors?

A. To copy the files into a "flat" directory

If it is possible for the script to create at least a file list, but it should ignore the problems that might occur in copying them, it should work.

In case of duplicates, it will save the duplicates as duplicate_1_<filename>, duplicate_2_` etc.

I used:

try
    <copy_command>
except Exception
    pass

Which covers the widest possible range of errors.

The script:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import shutil
import os

sourcedir = "/path/to/source"
dest_dir = "/path/to/destination"

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(sourcedir):
    for name in files:
        subject = root+"/"+name
        n = 1; name_orig = name
        while os.path.exists(dest_dir+"/"+name):
            name = "duplicate_"+str(n)+"_"+name_orig
            n = n+1
        try:
            newfile = dest_dir+"/"+name
            shutil.copy(subject, newfile)
        except Exception:
            pass

Copy it into an empty file, save it as giveit_ashot.py and set the sourcedir and destination.

Run it by:

python3 /path/to/giveit_ashot.py

B. If the directory structure is important

then use the script below, it first tries to (re-)create the directories (top- down), then copies the files into the structure as much as possible. Again: it must at least be possible to create a file / directory list.

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import shutil
import os

sourcedir = "/path/to/source"
dest_dir = "/path/to/destination"

dirdata = []
filedata = []

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(sourcedir):
    for dir in dirs:
        absolute = root+"/"+dir
        relative = absolute.replace(sourcedir, "")
        dirdata.append([absolute, dest_dir+relative, len(absolute.split("/"))])
    for file in files:
        abs_file = root+"/"+file
        rel_file = abs_file.replace(sourcedir, "") # source
        filedata.append((abs_file, dest_dir+rel_file)) # destination

dirdata.sort(key=lambda x: x[2])

for item in dirdata:
    try:
        if not os.path.exists(item[1]):
            os.mkdir(item[1])
    except Exception:
        pass

for item in filedata:
    try:
        shutil.copy(item[0], item[1])
    except Exception:
        pass


How to start a private session of Firefox?

cp /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop \
~/.local/share/applications/firefox-incognito.desktop

add --private-window to Exec=

add Incognito to Name=

you should now have a new launcher icon


No internet access when connected to my OpenVPN server on AWS EC2 Ubuntu

Finaly found a solution when settings my pi as a wifi router, i knew there was firewall problem, so this lines solved traffic issues:

-A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/16 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
-A FORWARD -i eth0 -o tun0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i tun0 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT

if using ufw transfer this rules accordingly!


MySQL server config file permissions on Ubuntu 18.04

Symlinks are always world readable/writeable. The permissions of the target file is the only thing that matters. Changing permissions on a symlink changes permissions on target file:

$ ls -l
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 vidarlo users 0 May 21 19:10 a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 vidarlo users 1 May 21 19:10 b -> a
$ chmod 755 b
$ ls -la
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vidarlo users 0 May 21 19:10 a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 vidarlo users 1 May 21 19:10 b -> a

The target, /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf is not world writable. Thus a user will not be able to overwrite it, independent of the symlinks.


I want to intall ubuntu on a windows 7 PC from a usb on a Mac. What do I do?

I would classify this question as Mac related really, but nonetheless, here's how you can do it:
You can use UNetbootin for Mac to create bootable USBs. Here's the link to download it for Mac.
It is a pretty straightforward application, and there should be several guides and screenshots on how to use it. Here's the jist of it: Install it. Use the Discimage option to point to your downloaded Ubuntu .iso file. Choose your USB flash-drive from the list of attached devices. Hit OK. This will create the bootable Ubuntu USB stick.
Note: you will only be able to use this bootable Ubuntu USB stick on all PCs except Macs. If you want to install Ubuntu on a Mac, you'll need to create a bootable USB using another method.
Source: Ubuntu Help


Mythubuntu: Integrate mythubuntu in xbmc and time programming

If you are using Mythbuntu, it is a complete OS, so that needs to be installed before XBMC.

Instructions of how to configure XBMC to interact with MythTV: http://wiki.xbmc.org/?title=MythTV

MythTV does support ACPI wakeup : http://www.mythtv.org/wiki/ACPI_Wakeup

  MythTV has the ability to write the date and time of the next
  recording to the RTC. This allows your machine to automatically
  shutdown (or suspend) and turn on again a few minutes before it needs
  to record again.


I can't download new Plasma widgets and Plasma themes in Kubuntu 16.04 LTS

I found about 20 files in /etc/xdg/ that all reference

ProvidersUrl=http://download.kde.org/ocs/providers.xml

I think the download.kde server currently sends a redirect to

https://autoconfig.kde.org/ocs/providers.xml

But I guess its not followed.


How to change to log in with password in 17-10.1?

Please read this article https://www.maketecheasier.com/enable-automatic-login-in-ubuntu/ where it is explained how to do on different DE.


How do I adjust screen brightness when using a different environment from GNOME/Unity on Ubuntu 18.04?

This one helped me on my XPS13:
Display brightness cannot be adjusted 18.04

changed the content of /etc/default/grub by adding video.only_lcd=0 to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT
updated grub with sudo update-grub


Tiny mouse pointer with Libreoffice snap

Installing from the PPA as @DKBose's comment and removing the snap version means I now only have one copy of libreoffice installed and it is the later version that I needed, and avoids the tiny mouse pointer problem.


I Ran:

python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

pip install --upgrade pip

This fixed the problem for me.


You are using a command for 11.10+ for 10.04. That might work but more than often does not.

Looking at the packages on ubuntu.com ppa-purge can be found in lucid-backports and not in lucid: http://packages.ubuntu.com/lucid-backports/utils/ppa-purge  So you need to add the backports to your sources. Please read the wiki page thoroughly. Enabling Backports Manually can be done by adding the following line to your /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse

After that a (one time)

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

should update your resource and the apt-get install ppa-purge should work on your system too.


How can I get Rhythmbox to display the correct album cover art?

Randomness
To explain why you have observed this apparent random display of coverart you need to understand what is happening behind the scenes.
The CoverArt Search plugin is the culprit here.  It obtains coverart from a number of sources:

local cache (images in the track folder itself)
tracks themselves
lastfm
musicbrainz

However - it does this in a very "strange" way - it throws requests out to each coverart source provider all at the same time.  As each source provider returns a result, it stores the coverart in its database cache located in ~/.cache/rhythmbox/album-art.  Thus what you see is the result of all four searches - you maybe seeing coverart from tracks or you maybe seeing coverart from one of the internet providers.  You have no control - its totally random.
To the solution
Out of the box, the only real solution you have is to disconnect the network when using Rhythmbox so to force rhythmbox to use either cached files or from the tracks themselves.
There must be a better way...
Well yes - there is and I know this, because I wrote it.

You need an external plugin called CoverArt Search Providers.
This has the key capability to allow you to choose where you want to download coverart from.
Even better - you can control the order - if you want track based art - just put your choice higher up the order.
If you are not interested in internet based coverart - dont add the internet based coverart providers.
If you are interested in coverart from a wider range of internet providers - well that's built-in - just look at the screenshot.
So have I sold this to you yet?
Lets install this.  Its available in my Rhythmbox Plugin PPA as described in the linked question below.  Add the PPA and install the package rhythmbox-plugin-coverart-search i.e.
sudo apt-get install rhythmbox-plugin-coverart-search

If you dont like to install PPA's, you can install directly using the instructions in my GitHub project page, reproduced here to complete the answer:
RB2.96 - 2.99:
sudo apt-get install git gettext python-mako python-mutagen python-requests python-gdbm python-imaging

rm -rf ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/plugins/coverart_search_providers
git clone https://github.com/fossfreedom/coverart-search-providers.git
cd coverart-search-providers
./install.sh

RB 3.0 and later:
sudo apt-get install git gettext python3-mako python3-requests python3-gdbm python3-pil python3-lxml

rm -rf ~/.local/share/rhythmbox/plugins/coverart_search_providers
git clone https://github.com/fossfreedom/coverart-search-providers.git
cd coverart-search-providers
./install.sh --rb3

cleanup coverart database
If you want a clean start to ensure that only the coverart from your tracks is remembered then delete the coverart database
 rm -rf ~/.cache/rhythmbox/album-art

Don't worry, next time you restart rhythmbox the database is recreated.
important point for RB2.96 users
Since you are using RB2.96, the Art Display plugin has a hard-coded dependency on the Art Search plugin.  You cannot run both Art Search and CoverArt Search Providers at the same time.
To break the link (it doesnt do any harm!) then do the following:
sudo nano /usr/lib/rhythmbox/plugins/artdisplay/artdisplay.plugin

Change the line from Depends=rb;artsearch to Depends=rb
CTRL+O, and CTRL+X to save.
Alternatively, you can install the artdisplay plugin manually from this GitHub project

Linked Question:

How do I install third-party rhythmbox plugins?


Give permission to a specific group without owning it

First, execute

sudo chown root:newgroup sample.txt

In that way you will change the owner of file sample.txt to be root and the group of this file to be newgroup.

Then run

sudo chmod g+w sample.txt


How to fix/repair/remove/disable/install/uninstall 'Broken Packages' on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS?

First tidy your repository with sudo apt-get autoremove then sudo apt-get update Then sort your problem with sudo apt-get install -f


You have configuration files in your home directory that you don't have access to.

This is a result of running sudo on programs using your personal space.  Sudo should only be run when you are intentionally making system wide changes on the system.

You can verify this with:
(I would discourage using sudo in your personal space.  You can find files and folders that are not owned by your account without elevated access.  If no output, there no need to run sudo.  Some users mightnot even have sudo access, and would get a warning and notice to the administrator just by testing it.)

$ find ~/ -mount ! -user $(whoami)

You can correct this with:

$ sudo chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) ~/

Note:

The problem you are having in this case is your Firefox application.  You are noticing it because you find you are loosing functionality because of this problem.  Taking ownership of all the personal files in your space may correct other problems that you are having, but haven't identified yet.

It's customary to use a space outside of your home folder for files with permission outside of your own ownership.  A conventional place to put those files is in /opt, or /usr/local/bin for executional.  It's unlikely that you will break your system by owning your files in your home folder.  It is likely that some components may be broken by you not owning files in your home space.

Running sudo is the culprit of many problems, and should be run with care.


What ubuntu version should install for a Toshiba Satellite l305d (64 kb)

It is possible to install an older kernel version with Ubuntu and then put it on hold to avoid updates. I never tried it myself, but looking at this guide it seems fairly easy. But mind that by going back to an older version of the kernel you are forgoing automatic updates.


Why is this odd file extension appearing when I scp a file?

The application was the issue since, as everyone suggested, scp functionality means these files would never appear.

As it turns out, the application I use was generating the *.00# files if it couldn't do a direct replacement.

My fix was to remove the old images from the folder before running the program, and do a more specific cp, as Jacek suggested in the comments (i.e. scp IMG_*.gif USER@SERVER:XX.XX.XXX.XXX:/home/USER/)


Ubuntu 12.04 is hogging the battery power

You can install Jupiter.

It is designed to improve battery life of a portable Linux computer by integrating with the operating system and changing parameters of the computer based on battery or powered connection.

You can install Jupiter by typing the following commands.

Open a terminal window (alt+ctrl+t) and type

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/jupiter

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install jupiter

i advise you to check out this "link" about Power Saving Tweaks.

You can also install powertop which is a Linux tool to find out what is using power on a laptop. you can get it "here".


Permission Denied on laravel/homestead when writing file in after.sh

the following now works for me

sudo -i

wget http://downloads3.ioncube.com/loader_downloads/ioncube_loaders_lin_x86-64.tar.gz

tar xvfz ioncube_loaders_lin_x86-64.tar.gz

sudo cp ioncube/ioncube_loader_lin_5.6.so /usr/lib/php/20131226

sudo bash -c "echo 'zend_extension = \"/usr/lib/php/20131226/ioncube_loader_lin_5.6.so\"' > /etc/php/5.6/fpm/conf.d/00-ioncube.ini"

sudo systemctl restart nginx
sudo systemctl restart php5.6-fpm.service

not sure if the sudo -i is necessary at the start


how to run runSheduledTask.php file in cli

1) Install php5-cli

2) Make sure your .php file start with

#!/usr/bin/php

3) Make sure your file is executable.

chmod +x file.php

4) Now you should be abble to run this file for example with

./file.php


Cannot access portable disk from (s)chroot jail

I found the solution.  I should have rbind-mount the directory,

/media          /media          none    rw,rbind         0       0


you have to install kivy first:
pip3 install kivy

then install kivent_core from this repo(https://github.com/kivy/kivent.git):
cd .../KivEnt/modules/core
python3 setup.py build_ext install

then install cymunk from this repo(https://github.com/kivy/cymunk.git):
python3 setup.py build_ext install

then install kivent_cymunk using the same repo for kivent_core(https://github.com/kivy/kivent.git):
cd .../KivEnt/modules/cymunk
python3 setup.py build_ext install

This is how it worked with me!


Ubuntu 18.04- Stuck on 'Started User Manager for UID 121...'

First check your file system...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T

type df -h and edit this into your question
type free -h and edit this into your question

type sudo fdisk -l
identify the /dev/sdXX device name for your "Linux Filesystem"
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sdXX, replacing sdXX with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

Update #1:

boot to your Ubuntu Live DVD/USB

sudo fsck -f /dev/sda1 (if you haven't already done this)

Let's see if we can guess at some commonly full directories. Edit your question with the output of:

ls -al /media/ubuntu/6323ac85-ccdf-4730-baba-1ab81b6b88a0/boot
ls -alS /media/ubuntu/6323ac85-ccdf-4730-baba-1ab81b6b88a0/var/log | more (only the first 5-10 lines is fine)
ls -alS /media/ubuntu/6323ac85-ccdf-4730-baba-1ab81b6b88a0/tmp | more (only the first 5-10 lines is fine)

Use Disk Usage Analyzer to determine where your disk space went.

Update #2:

Uninstalling matlab cleared enough space and the disk is able to boot now.


First: You need to remove the existing Firefox package.

Open a terminal. CtrlAltT.

Run it:

sudo -i
apt-get remove firefox

Then, download the latest Linux build of Firefox directly from Mozilla:

32 bits:

https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/firefox/releases/63.0/linux-i686/en-US/firefox-63.0.tar.bz2

64 bits:

https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/firefox/releases/63.0/linux-x86_64/en-US/firefox-63.0.tar.bz2

Move the downloaded file to /opt, extract it and change the permissions of the files:

sudo -i
mv /home/brian/Downloads/firefox-63.0.tar.bz2 /opt
cd /opt
tar -jxvf firefox-63.0.tar.bz2
chmod 755 /opt/firefox

Create a symbolic link and delete firefox-63.0.tar.bz2 from /opt. Don't forget to exit the root shell

ln -s /opt/firefox/firefox /usr/bin/firefox
rm firefox-63.0.tar.bz2
exit


Installed perfectly but password not working for login or authentication

Summary: How This Problem Has Developed

So far, this problem appears to have progressed through two stages.

First, it was not possible to log in at all, on the graphical login screen. It was possible to log in on a virtual console. Information obtained in a virtual console indicated that:

The output of df -h shows there's plenty of free space available. Graphical login has been known to fail when there is zero or very little free space on the hard disk, but that is apparently not what's wrong here.
The output of dpkg -l | egrep 'lightdm|gdm|kdm|lxdm' shows that the only display manager (which provides the login screen) installed is LightDM. This information was valuable because a potential solution to being unable to log in could have been to try a different display manager (for example, by installing and switching to gdm).
When changing the password, you said "had to do the mount remount thing first but it said the password was successfully changed after that." That suggests to me that you actually changed the password by booting into recovery mode, and not on the virtual console. If I am mistaken about this assumption, please let me know.

Now, you can log in, presumably by entering your username and password at the graphical login screen. (Please make sure to let me know if this is not correct.) However, you cannot authenticate after logging in. Therefore:

Changing the password appears to have fixed part of the problem. I'm guessing the password either had not been set properly during installation (perhaps due to some bug), or it contained characters that for some reason LightDM is unable to handle on its login screen, or it contained characters that mapped to different keys on your keyboard during installation than they did on the LightDM login screen. With your new password, you can log in.
However, the problem is not entirely fixed, because you cannot authenticate after logging in. I have preserved the general information I presented as my original answer in the first section below, entitled Password Doesn't Work On Login Screen. That information may be useful to other people who experience similar problems. Please skip down to the section called Can Log In, But Other Authentication Fails.

Password Doesn't Work On Login Screen

A few things to check:

Is Caps Lock on?

Similarly, if you're using the numeric keypad to enter some of the characters, is Num Lock on?

Does your password contain unusual characters? (Perhaps you've found a weird bug.) Have you tried different passwords?
Did you set your password with a different keyboard layout from the one you're using to authenticate with it? If so, you may be typing in a totally different password.
Is your password blank (i.e., the zero character long password)? This doesn't work properly; you need to have an actual password.
Maybe something is systematically going wrong during the installation process. If you started with an Ubuntu ISO image, then:

If you mounted the image in Windows and installed from it without burning a CD/DVD or writing a USB flash drive, MD5 test the ISO image.
If you wrote the image to a USB flash drive or burned it to a CD/DVD, then in addition to the image possibly being corrupt, the installation medium (CD/DVD or USB flash drive) could be a bad burn/write. So boot from it and check it by pressing a key when you see the keyboard and person icons at the bottom of the screen, and selecting Check disc for defects.

It's common for a bad ISO or a bad burn/write to prevent installation from succeeding, but it is also possible to get a broken installation.

As for fixing this:

You have a Wubi system*, so GRUB runs after the Windows boot loader. Select Ubuntu on the screen where Windows and Ubuntu are you two choices, then press Shift and hold it down, then press Enter. This way, the Shift key is being pressed as the Windows boot loader chain-loads GRUB.

*Edit: Actually, it turns out (from information you've since provided) that you do not have a Wubi system. I'm not sure why holding down Shift doesn't work for you. Since the above advice applies whenever any boot loader besides GRUB chain-loads into the Ubuntu system's GRUB boot loader, it may work (or have worked) for you still. Otherwise, the problem could be that you are not holding down the Shift key early enough in the boot process, or that you are releasing it too soon.

It's possible that this is, somehow, a problem with the graphical login screen. So you might be able to log in successfully from a text-based virtual console. To attempt that, boot the Ubuntu system, then after the graphical login screen comes up (or, even when you're logged in graphically as guest), press Ctrl+Alt+F1. Enter your username and press Enter. Then put in your password and press Enter. (You won't see anything happening as you enter your password but that's normal.)

If you can log in to a virtual console, try changing your password by running the command passwd. If that doesn't work or you still can't log in graphically, try changing it by running the command sudo passwd $USER.

Can Log In, But Other Authentication Fails

This section assumes that you now are able to log in as the user created during setup, using the graphical login screen. That is to say that you can use your Ubuntu system via graphical user interface, not just as guest, but also as the user created during setup. If I have misunderstood, please let me know.

You're able to log in now, but once you're logged in, you can't authenticate. There are three main types of authentication that are performed after logging in:

Authentication to perform administrative tasks. You are asked for a password when you try to perform actions that cannot be accomplished by an ordinary, unprivileged user, like installing software or changing system files. For this, you use the same password as you use to log in. Such authentication will only succeed if you are an administrator on the system. I am assuming this is the kind of authentication that is currently failing. Please let me know if my assumption is incorrect.
Authentication to unlock the screen. You can manually lock the screen, or you can configure the screen saver to lock it. It may also be locked when resuming from sleep (suspend-to-RAM) or hibernation (suspend-to-disk). For this, you also use the same password as you use to log in.
Authentication to unlock your keyring. The keyring may be used to store passwords (for example, for Internet services) or other sensitive data. Your keyring password is not necessarily the same as the password you use to log in. Unlike your login password, my understanding is that the keyring password can be blank, without causing problems.

The things to check for problems authenticating while logged in (whether to perform administrative tasks, unlock the screen, or unlock the keyring) are largely the same as for being unable to log in: Points 1-4 under Password Doesn't Work On Login Screen apply (except that point 4 doesn't apply to keyring passwords).

But I'm guessing you've already considered that. So, let's focus on problems specific to logging in to perform administrative tasks. These are the things to check. (Please note that this is long because it provides some instructions for fixing the problem, under some circumstances. Actually checking these things, generally speaking, is not particularly difficult or time-consuming.)

Are you actually an administrator?

Open a Terminal window (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run this command:

groups

That lists the groups your user account is a member of. To be an administrator, admin or sudo (or both) must be listed. Please note that adm is a different group from admin and doesn't make you an administrator (though you should also be a member of that group).

If you're not an administrator, you can make yourself one by following any procedure for resetting a lost password (typically you'd use recovery mode for this, but single user mode via editing GRUB boot options, or chrooting from a live CD/DVD/USB, will also work). Except instead of running the passwd username command, run these commands:

usermod -a -G admin username
usermod -a -G sudo username

It's fine if one (but not both) of those commands fails. (If it fails, you get an error message. If it succeeds, there's generally no output.) What that does is to put you into whichever of the admin or sudo groups exist (or both, if they both exist).

Are only some ways of authenticating to perform administrative tasks broken?

Ubuntu actually provides two underlying mechanisms for administrators to authenticate to perform administrative tasks--sudo (which has graphical frontends such as gksu/gksudo and kdesudo), and PolicyKit.

In a Terminal window, run this command, to test PolicyKit:

pkexec echo Success.

You should be prompted for your password (probably by a graphical dialog box, but possibly in the Terminal window). If authentication succeeds and the word Success. is echoed back to you (i.e., printed in the Terminal), then PolicyKit works for performing administrative tasks (though it's possible it's still not working, for specific tasks).

Now run this command:

sudo echo Success.

This tests sudo in the same way (though the authentication will definitely be in the Terminal window--you won't get a graphical dialog box asking for your password).

Now run this command, to see if sudo is working graphically (run this even if sudo didn't work above, in case the problem has to do with the way the Terminal accepts input):

gksu xclock

You'll be prompted for your password. If that succeeds, a simple clock application will run. (You can quit the clock application.) If that fails, run this to see if the problem is that gksu is not configured properly:

gksudo xclock

If this is a Kubuntu system, then you will probably not have the gksu and gksudo utilities, so test with the kdesudo utility instead:

kdesudo xclock

If pkexec works but sudo and also gksu and gksudo (or kdesudo) don't work:

Either sudo's configuration is broken, or sudo itself is broken. The former is more common, and easier to fix--I'll cover that here. (You'd know if sudo itself is broken because you'd get an error about how it refuses to run due to incorrect ownership/permissions, or an error saying command not found.)

Run pkexec visudo to edit /etc/sudoers, sudo's main configuration file. Near the end of the file, you should see something like this:

# Members of the admin group may gain root privileges
%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL

# Allow members of group sudo to execute any command
%sudo   ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

If you're running a version of Ubuntu earlier than 12.04, don't worry about the %sudo line.
If you're running Ubuntu 12.04 and later and you did not upgrade from a version of Ubuntu earlier than 12.04, don't worry about the %admin line (it might not even be present at all).

The %admin and/or %sudo lines (see above two bullet points) should be uncommented--that is, should not start with a # character.

After %admin and/or %sudo, there should be a space, followed by ALL=(ALL) ALL or ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL.

If things are not as described above, you can edit the file to fix them. Since you're using the visudo utility to edit the file, it will catch syntax errors when you try to save the file. You should not attempt to override and save a file that it says has syntax errors. (sudo, and its graphical frontends, will refuse to work if the sudoers file contains even a single syntax error.)

If everything appears to be in order in your sudoers file, try reinstalling sudo. Assuming you haven't customized your sudoers file, reinstall sudo by running this command:

pkexec apt-get update
pkexec apt-get --purge --reinstall install sudo

However, if you have customized your sudoers file (before this--I don't mean the editing described above) and it's important to you that you not lose the customizations, leave off the --purge flag:

pkexex apt-get update
pkexec apt-get --reinstall install sudo

If pkexec, sudo, and gksudo work, but gksu doesn't work:

Run the command gksu-properties (this does not need to be run as root, i.e., don't run it with pkexec, sudo, or gksudo). Make sure Authentication mode is set to sudo and not su.

Source: Password not working in Graphical Applications (gksu)? Works with sudo (Has a screenshot.)

If pkexec and sudo work, but gksu and gksudo (or kdesudo) don't work:

Try reinstalling gksu/gksudo (they're provided by the same package):

pkexec apt-get update
pkexec apt-get --purge --reinstall install gksu

Or if this is Kubuntu and it's kdesudo that's not working:

pkexec apt-get update
pkexec apt-get --purge --reinstall install kdesudo

If pkexec doesn't work, but sudo, gksu, and gksudo do work:

Try reinstalling PolicyKit:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get --purge --reinstall install policykit-1 libpolkit-agent-1-0 libpolkit-backend-1-0 libpolkit-gobject-1-0

If pkexec works, and gksu and gksudo (or kdesudo) work, but sudo doesn't work:

pkexec usually authenticates graphically, like gksu/gksudo (or kdesudo on Kubuntu). So if graphical authentication is working for both PolicyKit and sudo-based methods, and console authentication is failing, there may be a problem with the way passwords are being entered into the Terminal. I've heard of this happening, but I'm not familiar with any concrete cases where it was known to occur and was then fixed. (Except where it was due to the user making a mistake entering the password in the Terminal.)

If this is happening, then to provide further information:

See if sudo works in a virtual console (Ctrl+Alt+F1). This can help figure out if it's the graphical terminal application causing the problem.
See if pkexec works in a virtual console. When run in a virtual console, pkexec will not create a graphical dialog box. This can help figure out if the problem is also specific to sudo-based methods.
See if su $USER works, in both a Terminal window and in a virtual console. This command does not enable you to perform administrative tasks. It just authenticates as yourself. But it asks for a password (non-graphically) while doing so. This can help figure out the extent of the problem entering passwords to authenticate non-graphically.

If:

the situation is different from all the combinations listed above, or
the situation is one of the combinations listed above, but there's a problem following the instructions, or
the situation is one of the combinations listed above and you've followed the instructions without apparent problems, but the underlying problem (of being unable to authenticate) has not gone away...

Then please edit your question to provide details, and also comment here (with or without @Eliah--when you comment on my answer, I'm always notified) to let me know.


Thinkpad x201 tablet touchscreen not recognized

I just encoutered this problem on an X200 tablet. With some digging around I found the solution/workaround on this launchpad bug report: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xf86-input-wacom/+bug/1392887
The most concise answer on there is comment #8: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xf86-input-wacom/+bug/1392887/comments/8
I'll quote it here:

linuxwacom maintainer here --
It looks like the problem is that the udev rules are being placed in a subdirectory for some reason. Placing them within the rules directory itself (as Debian does) and then rebooting seems to work fine:

# mv /lib/udev/rules.d/69-wacom.rules/wacom.rules /tmp/69-wacom.rules
# rmdir /lib/udev/rules.d/69-wacom.rules
# mv /tmp/69-wacom.rules /lib/udev/rules.d/

Like they say, after a reboot the wacom device worked for me.


How do I update Visual Studio Code installed using Ubuntu Make?

This has been extensively discussed on this upstream issue (and its duplicate) a while ago.

Basically, the philosophy is that the upstream tool has a better idea on how to update itself than us, so we let it (and that's why we don't install it in a zone requesting root access.
For instance, all JetBrains' based IDEs like IntelliJ, PyCharm and Android Studio have their own update optimization, downloading only the requested delta (can be few megabytes instead of the whole IDE) and dealing with configuration migration.

So, the vast majority of frameworks and IDEs supported by Ubuntu Make should just be updatable via the auto-update mechanism in the tool itself. For others not supporting those, the easiest way is to reinstall it (with the same command you use to install it first). Ubuntu Make will catch the current installation path (even if you modified it), will warn you that it's not empty and will download latest available version (with optionally new requirements). If all that is fine, it will replace the older version with the new one.

Just a note, be use to grab the Ubuntu Make ppa if you are not running the development serie in case the upstream web pages parsing changed.


how to install the greasemonkey in google chrome / opera / midori?

Within Google Chrome you don't need to install a Greasemonkey extension as you do on Firefox, but if you click on a Greasemonkey script you will automatically have the option to install it.


The default application for using Twitter, Facebook, and similar feed services, is friends which has replaced gwibber.


I have a MacMini as well, same 12.04 haven't solved the issue but have a workaround.

Whenever the monitor/TV is not on during the boot process the sound doesn't work. I normally reboot or put the computer into sleep mode and wake it up again. The sound then works. Mine works with OSX as well but with Ubuntu I need to go through this odd workaround.


The main.install.hostname in the documentation was a placeholder referring to the machine's hostname where ambari is installed and in my case it is localhost

I had to point my browser to http://localhost:8080 and it worked


Deleting input forward to the next space

First use the following command in your terminal:

bind '"\ew": vi-forward-bigword'

to create a new shortcut-key - Alt+w in this case - which will move the prompt forward to the end of the current or next word. In this case words (bigwords) are composed of letters, digits and special characters like ".".

Now you can use Alt+w followed by Ctrl+w to accomplish what you wish.

See some more info in my answer here.

Moreover, after I viewed this Q&A, I understood the following:

  With bind, you can bind keys to do one of three things, but no
  combination of them:

  Execute a readline command:      bind '"key": command'
  Execute a series of keystrokes: bind '"key":"keystrokes"'
  Execute a shell command: bind -x '"key": shell-command'

So, now, if you want to combine those two keystrokes (Alt+w followed by Ctrl+w) in a new one, you will need to bind a new keystroke (in my example Alt+q) to execute the previous keystrokes as follow:

bind '"\eq": "\ew \C-w"'

Finally, to make these changes permanently, all you have to do is to add the following lines to your ~/.inputrc file (if you don't have it, then create it):

"\ew": vi-forward-bigword
"\eq": "\ew \C-w"


The package motion, which is in the repos, lets you set up a security camera system which can record continuously or only when motion is detected.

Further info can't be given unless you supply info about your setup, but motion works well for me with a very low-end USB camera.


Make add-apt-repository use python3.7 instead of python3

Solved it.
Followed this blog.
It has a solution for Ubuntu 14.04 but it also works for Ubuntu 16. Since the python version he's trying to achieve is different than mine, I made some tweaks. This the final procedure:
1-sudo apt-get remove --purge python3-apt
2-sudo apt-get install python3-apt -f
3-cd /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/
4-sudo cp apt_pkg.cpython-3?m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so apt_pkg.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so


How do I maximize the sound volume on a Macbook Pro in GNOME Shell?

I think the problem the OP is having is that even though he sets the audio to max, every time he uses the hardware volume keys it lowers the volume again.

One possible thing to check is whether it's the PCM or Master volume being altered. Install gnome-alsa-mixer to check.

Screenshot: http://dl.dropbox.com/u/1140666/screenshots-do-not-remove/Gnome-alsa-mixer-Screenshot%20at%202012-03-12%2004%3A23%3A40.png


Bug reports can be sent to calcurse@culot.org or the author at  frederic@ culot.org
The documentation for the application can be found here


How to use libreoffice writer in simdock

I don't know entirely what Simdock is, but if it's trying to open LibreOffice by running soffice.bin, I'm not surprised that doesn't work, since the binary is called libreoffice ;).


Opening hot key application results in error message [LXDE on 19.10]

Try Using LXDM. That Fixed it for me. sudo apt install lxdm


Ubuntu 20.04 resolution locked at 1024x768

I've had the same problem today. Not sure what the answer is just yet, but this has happened to me a couple of times in the past and in the end it was a delay between a kernel patch being pushed and the corresponding Nvidia driver push. Normally I leave any updates for a week, but didn't notice kernel level ones in this update and applied them. For now, I have booted to the previous kernel and all works well.
Hopefully an updated Nvidia patch will arrive soon!.


How do I find out the correct amount of video RAM of a radeon card when using the open source driver?

You could install the proprietary driver, get what you need from AMD Catylyst Control Panel and then uninstall.  Kinda messy, but it works...


Gnome-Terminal reports $TERM to be `xterm`

You were well advised not to change your startup scripts, specially ~/.bashrc. Any "terminal detection" using current $TERM or $COLORTERM in ~/.profile is merely a guess, and may, as you said, cause trouble when using other terminals (say, Putty or xterm). The terminal emulator is supposed to set $TERM, and this should not  be changed from within the shell.

Gnome terminal, AFAIK, does not offer a configuration to change its TERM, but it does allow you to change your startup command, and that's all you need. Here is the trick:

Profile Preferences => Title and Command => Run a custom command instead of my shell

Then use the following command:

env TERM=xterm-256color /bin/bash

Just replace /bin/bash with your preferred shell if it's different. And no, you can't use "$SHELL" in that line for shell auto-detection ;) You have to hard-code it


How to create backup image of clean Windows partition without using dd?

I have successfully used partimage to copy a partition and I also know of clonezilla that is very well spoke of and can be ran live as well.


Google keep asking for permission to authorize my online account

This bug you are facing has been fixed, but unfortunately only for Quantal. If you are on Precise, it is unlikely that the bug fix will be backported to the Web-apps Preview PPA.

If you are desperate or feeling adventurous, you can download the deb file of signon-ui that is available in Quantal currently and install it manually.

How do I install a .deb file via the command line?

Though I must warn you I haven't tested whether the deb file actually fixes your problem. And it is very likely that it might cause other unforeseen problems, including but not limiting to breaking dependencies of other packages, not actually being functional, etc.

A relatively safer and a promising solution to fix your problem would be to upgrade to Quantal, but upgrading to a pre-release version is never a sane idea, giving the amount of development going on at the moment.

To wrap up, the bug you are facing is fixed. Either wait for Quantal to be released and upgrade your system or try out the deb file available in Quantal.


How to make Gimp run as a single window?

Ubuntu 14.04 and higher

Open GIMP, and go to Windows > Single-Window Mode

Ubuntu 12.04

Single-Window Mode is only available since GIMP 2.8+. You will have to install GIMP 2.8 from a ppa if you want Single-Window Mode. Just follow the next instructions:

Add the GIMP PPA. Open the terminal and copy/paste the following command: sudo apt-add-repository ppa:otto-kesselgulasch/gimp && sudo apt-get update
Update GIMP using Update Manager or apt-get.
Open GIMP, and go to Windows > Single-Window Mode

Now you have a single window! For example, my GIMP main menu:


How to install Ubuntu on External USB pen-drive

Even if you do decide to follow these instructions, I suggest you read the LiveUsbPendrivePersistent wiki page. Reading Wiki pages is a great way to learn and you'll know more about what you're doing - rather than just following steps blindly.

Normally, I'd suggest that you use the Startup Disk Creator in Ubuntu to do this - it has a really simple option:

that allows you to add MB of space to keep stored in reserved extra space. However, there is sometimes a bug with installing the bootloader:

at least for me. You also mentioned that you'd had issues with Startup Disk Creator created USB drives being so.

So, I'd suggest you use Unetbootin. It's not quite as polished, but it does the exact same job and has the exact same store in reserve functionality. It's what I use when creating LiveUSBs and has yet to fail me.

It's in the default repositories, so you can install it via sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install unetbootin.

Once it's installed, open up the dash (Super key - aka Windows key) and open up unetbootin - you'll have to search for it. It'll require the sudo password, just a heads up. You'd need sudo access just to install the app, so that's no problem.

Once unetbootin starts, you'll want to change the radio button from selecting Distribution (default choice) to selecting Diskimage and then click the ... button. You can then select the ISO and it will show up in the text box.

Once you've selected the ISO you want, make sure the type is set to USB drive and that it's targeting the correct USB drive. If you've got USB backup media or other USB sticks attached to your computer, you may want to consider disconnecting them for a bit - just to be safe and sure you don't accidentally overwrite some important data.

Now, to add the persistence of data, simply change the Space used to preserve files across reboots (Ubuntu only) value. This should create a file-system on the USB stick, along with the ISO contents, that will store your information across reboots!

Note, that if you use Unetbootin to create the LiveUSB, you'll have to specify the space in MB (MegaBytes) not GB (Gigabytes). A simple way to convert this is just punch into a calculator numberOfGigabytes * 1024. That will provide you with the correct amount of space in MB terms (as there are 1024 MB in a GB.)


This is bug 1573959.  The workaround is to upgrade to a later kernel:

sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-16.04


How to configure postfix to not relay to local virtual domain?

Open your postfix configuration file (usually /etc/postfix/main.cf) in a text editor.  I like vim.

$ sudo vim /etc/postfix/main.cf

Find the line where mydestination is set.  It probably looks something like this:

mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost

Comment that line out by prefixing it with a #.

# mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost

Add the following line and then save the file.

mydestination =

Restart postfix

$ service postfix stop
$ service postfix start

Postfix will no longer try to deliver 'local' email to this server but will use the SMTP server given by the DNS MX record.


No need. Yes, the size of the iso exceeds that of the capacity of a standard CD. You can either create a live-dvd or live-usb with it. Yikes! The solution is to create a minimal cd. It downloads and installs all the missing packages after you've installed ubuntu. Follow this link to download it. You don't need to download an old distribution, you can download a minimal cd of 12.10.

You may want to see answers for this question


Make "super/window" as compose key in Ubuntu

You can do this through the dconf-editor. If you do not already have it installed, you can install it with:

sudo apt-get install dconf-editor

Navigate to org >> gnome >> desktop >> input-sources

Click in the setting, xkb-options and add 'compose:lwin' inside the square brackets. The single quotes are required.

If other options are already there, the order does not matter; but separate the options with a comma: 'compose:lwin','other:option'

For those who looks for a command line solution (without installing dconf-editor) you can use:

$ dconf read /org/gnome/desktop/input-sources/xkb-options
@as []

This will tell you the current state of the key. Now you can insert your own:

dconf write /org/gnome/desktop/input-sources/xkb-options ['compose:lwin']

This command as above worked fine for me, but @bryce reports that he needed double quotes, as in:

dconf write /org/gnome/desktop/input-sources/xkb-options "['compose:lwin']"


Apache comes with userdir module which lets you use /home/USER/public_html as root directory.

You will access this public_html as localhost/~USER/

You may need to enable userdir, if not enabled, which is done by:

sudo a2enmod

By default Apache uses /var/www as document root.

Or you can create a virtualhost with your specific document root as well.

https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/httpd.html


Actually Redmine has its own step by step installation.

First of all if you have some data on your mysql, make a backup $ mysqldump -u root -p redmine > redmine.sql

if not, then you can follow  up this instructions:

Pre-install

Set the timezone

dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

Select your timezone and exit.

Set your hostname

sudo nano /etc/hostname

Enter your server name and save.

redmine

Map your fully qualified domain name (FQDN) to localhost

sudo nano /etc/hosts

Add a line mapping local host to your FQDN and hostname and save. eg.

127.0.0.1 redmine.domain.com redmine

Redmine Installation

Install the LAMP stack

sudo tasksel install lamp-server

Install the required packages

sudo apt-get install build-essential subversion libmysqlclient15-dev libdigest-sha1-perl libgemplugin-ruby libgemplugin-ruby1.8 libruby-extras libruby1.8-extras rails rake ruby rubygems rubygems1.8 ruby1.8-dev libopenssl-ruby1.8

Install the required Ruby gems

sudo gem install rails -v=2.3.14 --no-ri --no-rdoc
sudo gem install rake -v=0.8.7 --no-ri --no-rdoc
sudo gem uninstall rake -v=0.9.2.2
sudo gem install i18n -v=0.4.2 --no-ri --no-rdoc
sudo gem install mysql --no-ri --no-rdoc

Download Redmine into /user/share/redmine directory

sudo svn co http://redmine.rubyforge.org/svn/branches/1.3-stable /usr/share/redmine

Create an empty MySQL database and accompanying user named redmine for example.

$ mysql -u root -p
(enter the mysql root user password)
> create database redmine character set utf8;
> create user 'redmine'@'localhost' identified by '[password]';
> grant all privileges on redmine.* to 'redmine'@'localhost' identified by '[password]';
> exit

Copy config/database.yml.example to config/database.yml and edit this file in order to configure your database settings for "production" environment.

sudo cp /usr/share/redmine/config/database.yml.example /usr/share/redmine/config/database.yml
sudo nano /usr/share/redmine/config/database.yml

Modify according to the following lines and save (ctrl+x)

production:
    adapter: mysql
    socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
    database: redmine
    host: localhost
    username: redmine
    password: [password]
    encoding: utf8

Generate a session store secret.

cd /usr/share/redmine
sudo rake generate_session_store

Create the database structure, by running the following command under the application root directory:

cd /usr/share/redmine
sudo rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV="production"

Insert default configuration data in database, by running the following command:

sudo RAILS_ENV=production rake redmine:load_default_data

Setting up permissions

cd /usr/share/redmine
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data files log tmp public/plugin_assets

Test using the webrick web server

cd /usr/share/redmine
ruby script/server webrick -e production

Point your web browser at http://[my server ip]:3000

You should now see the application welcome page.

Apache Integration

Install the required packages

sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-passenger

Add a symbolic link to the public redmine web directory

sudo ln -s /usr/share/redmine/public /var/www/redmine

Configure Passanger to run as www-data

sudo nano /etc/apache2/mods-available/passenger.conf

Add the follow line and save (ctrl+x)

PassengerDefaultUser www-data

Create a new Apache site file

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/redmine

Add the following lines and save (ctrl+x)

<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
        DocumentRoot /var/www
        ServerName myservername

        RewriteEngine on
        RewriteRule   ^/$  /redmine  [R]

        <Directory /var/www/redmine>
                RailsBaseURI /redmine
                PassengerResolveSymlinksInDocumentRoot on
        </Directory>

        ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log

        # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
        # alert, emerg.
        LogLevel warn

        CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

Enable the Redmine website

 sudo a2dissite default
 sudo a2ensite redmine

Enable the Passenger and Rewrite modules and restart Apache

 sudo a2enmod passenger
 sudo a2enmod rewrite
 sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Test the setup

Open up your favorite web browser and go to

http://[my site or ip]/redmine


How to move files from subdirectories that have the same directory name to its relative upper/parent directory?

A simple for loop with the globstar option enabled (run shopt -s globstar to do that) will do the job:

dirname="source"
for i in ./**/"$dirname"/; do
  mv "$i"* "${i%$dirname/}"
done

The GNU parallel  equivalent for this loop is:

parallel mv {}* {//}/ ::: ./**/"$dirname"/

A totally different approach is to use rename to remove the “$dirname/” part from the string:

rename "s/$dirname\///" **/"$dirname"/*

Quoting with double quotes as I did here preserves the meaning of every special character except $, `, \ and !. If you want to include “hidden” dot files in any of the above solutions, set the dotglob option before running it: shopt -s dotglob

Explanation

  globstar
   If set, the pattern ** used in a pathname expansion context will match all files and zero or more directories
  and subdirectories.  If the pattern is followed by a /, only directories and subdirectories match.

./**/source/ matches every directory named source in and under the current directory, the mv command moves every file from inside the directory to its parent directory – ${i%source/} is a parameter expansion which removes the string source/ from the end of the (path) string.

Example run

$ tree
.
├── sub1
│   └── source
│       ├── file1
│       └── file2
├── sub2
│   └── sub2.1
│       └── source
│           ├── something1
│           └── something2
└── sub3
    └── sub3.1
        └── sub3.1.1
            └── source
                └── other.zip

$ dirname="source"
$ for i in ./**/"$dirname"/; do mv "$i"* "${i%$dirname/}"; done
$ tree
.
├── sub1
│   ├── file1
│   ├── file2
│   └── source
├── sub2
│   └── sub2.1
│       ├── something1
│       ├── something2
│       └── source
└── sub3
    └── sub3.1
        └── sub3.1.1
            ├── other.zip
            └── source


i have recently setup a dual boot system of Xubuntu 12.10 with a pre-installed windows 8 (UEFI). I have faced similar problems just like you. After shrinking the windows 8 partition and installing Xubuntu (in UEFI mode), grub2 offered me Xubuntu and windows 8. However, only Xubuntu was bootable.

I was able so solve this issue by making use of the boot repair tool applying the recommended repair. After that windows 8 was bootable but my grub menu was a little bit messy (a problem easy to fix using grub customizer).

There are many questions relating to dual boot setups, its definitely worth to browse around since many questions have been already answered.

Best
CEW


Installing Ubuntu 13.04 in a different partition than Windows

First off, in Linux every hard drive has its own letter going from 'sda' to 'sdb' to 'sdc' and so on.
But for every partition, you will get a 'sda1', 'sda2', 'sda3', and so on for each partition on a hard drive.

There are two ways to fix this, the automatic way and the manual way.
In the end, they do exactly the same thing. If you know what you are doing and want to spare some time, go with the manual way

The Automatic way.

Move all files from D:/ to C:/ as a backup
remove the D:/ partition and expand C:/ over where D:/ was before.
Boot the live USB again and select "Install Ubuntu alongside windows" and set how big you want

The Manual way.

Move all files from D:/ to C:/ as a backup
Boot the live USB

Now, in Linux, these partitions have different names!
select 'Something else'
Delete the partition after windows (which was called D:/ by windows) and expand it to the end of the hard drive except for 2-8gb of free space that we are going to make swap later on.
Format that partition as Ext4 and set the mount point as /
Make the last partition out of the remaining 2-8gb of space, and format it as SWAP.
In the dropdown menu on the bottom that's called something like 'bootloader location', set it to the correct hard drive (This will be the same as the windows or ubuntu or swap partition name but without a number, for example,/dev/sda, /dev/sdb or /dev/sdc)
Simply continue installing ubuntu!

I hope this helps, and just place a comment if you encounter problems!


How to make BOTH windows title and menu always visible on maximized windows (unity)?

that is strange, normal behaviour should be like you want it. Unity shows the menu for a specified time after you start the app and than it should show the app title...


Why does google chrome not install in16.04 ubuntu?

This is a known bug in the Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (GNOME) Software application, but you can install Google Chrome in an alternative way ... open a terminal and execute the following commands :

echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list

wget -q -O - https://dl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add -

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable


wireless adapter asus-n13 keeps disconnecting

Does previous command git clone https://github.com/pvaret/rtl8192cu-fixes.git works ? If it does not, you are trying this in /usr/src and maybe your user does not have rights in /usr/src. You can try run command with sudo like sudo git clone https://github.com/pvaret/rtl8192cu-fixes.git or first make git directory in your home directory and then run git command like mkdir ~/git && cd ~/git && git clone https://github.com/pvaret/rtl8192cu-fixes.git


I was able to solve my issue by altering the /etc/network/interfaces.d file.
In this file the ipaddress that I was trying to alter was specified. After changing it here the ip address changed on the next start up. The reason why this is working is still unknown to me. The system was not connected to the internet.

When I switch to my dual boot ubuntu 16.04, with an internet connection, the interfaces.d file is empty. So not a definitive solve but something to try.


Every installation on desktop asks for passwords that I never set in the first place

During the install , and when you get to the screen that asks for your username and machine name , you should set a simple password, and tick the check box that says  login automatically , this way you will not have to type this password during login but it is always require for installing or modifying critical aspects of the OS, so you should set it


How to make PROFTPD files accessiable through internet

This is actually a networking question, not a Linux one. To answer it, more information about your network setup would be needed, but I assume that it's a standard "home network" setup, ie. you have a NAT router that is connected to your Internet provider and your Ubuntu machine is on a local network behind that router.

You need to know your public IP address. This is the address that your router presents to the Internet. It is assigned to your router by your Internet provider. You can find it somewhere (where exactly - it depends on your router) when you access the router's administration panel, or you can find it by going to one of available online services that display your public IP address. I will, of course, recommend my own one :) http://rafa.eu.org/http_test.php3 Your public IP adddress will be displayed in the middle on top of the screen (mine is 89.64.227.137 for example). Note that it can change over time.

You need to know your Ubuntu machine private IP address. This is the address that is assigned by your router, internally within your home network, to the device that is connected to the router. You can obtain it by typing the command ip address show or by going to Settings -> Network and clicking the gear icon next to the network connection that you use (either wired or wireless). For example mine is 192.168.15.100. This can also change over time, especially when you reboot your router. Usually there are some methods to configure your router to "fix" this address so that a particular hardware device (with the same MAC address) will always get the same IP address. This also depends on your router, so your router's manual is your best help here.

You need to configure port forwarding on your router (again, router's manual is your best help). Your router may have a predefined setting to forward the FTP application, then it's best to use it (why - I will tell that later). Otherwise forward port number 21. Set it to forward to your internal IP address.

After you have configured port forwarding, you should be ready to test FTP service from the Internet. Use a FTP client (Filezilla is one of them, but you can also just use a browser as you used in your test) to connect from outside to your public IP address. You should be able to login and see the files.

If you are able to login, but you can't see the files, probably your router doesn't handle the FTP protocol very well. FTP protocol is special, because unlike most other protocols, it makes two connections simultaneously. The NAT routers should know about it and handle this specially. This is why I recommended to use the predefined entry for FTP application when forwarding a port, if one is available in your router. If your router has trouble with FTP protocol, you should check the configuration of your FTP client and see if there is an option to turn on so called passive mode. The passive mode is a workaround that allows to operate over routers that don't handle FTP protocol properly.


Difference in formatting between a bash command execution and a script

When you use  $(ls -l) the newlines are removed.
It is made that way.

Same as `ls -l` which is identical to the preferred $(ls -l).

When you want to do something with the output of ls -l you need to do it differently.

ls -l |while read xx
do
   echo $xx
   ((ii = ii + 1))
done

(Be aware that this (ls -l) opens a new shell and variables set in that shell are not "visible" outside that shell so ii is not visible outside that loop.)


Differences between the hardware driver and the kernel driver?

So what are the differences between the hardware driver and the kernel driver?

There is none. Provided context, "driver" is most used in the Windows environment, in Linux/Ubuntu world these are commonly known as "modules".

But, there is a differentiation between drivers that runs in Kernel mode and drivers that runs in User mode.


Ubuntu 15.04 Suspend doesn't run `pm-suspend`

Update: Found a nicer solution using systemd with no external scripts. Create and enable the following service:

[Unit]
Description=Save brightness on suspend
DefaultDependencies=no
RequiresMountsFor=/var/lib/systemd/backlight
Before=sleep.target
StopWhenUnneeded=yes

[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
ExecStart=/lib/systemd/systemd-backlight save acpi_video0
ExecStop=/lib/systemd/systemd-backlight load acpi_video0
TimeoutSec=90s

[Install]
WantedBy=sleep.target

Ubuntu 16.04 Note: The target backlight device name should be prefixed with "backlight:" (e.g. backlight:acpi_video0).

Enable by executing: systemctl enable suspend-save-backlight.service (or whatever you call it). Note that acpi_video0 is the name of the backlight symlink in /sys/class/backlight which is used to control the display brightness, might vary on different systems.

The above uses systemd's systemd-backlight executable to save and load the brightness before suspend and after resume respectively (inspired from /lib/systemd/system/systemd-backlight@.service which saves/loads brightness on restart/boot).

Old Solution (links a systemd service to my pm-utils suspend hook)

Found the problem. According to this ArchWiki article:

  systemd does not use pm-utils to put the machine to sleep when using systemctl suspend, systemctl hibernate or systemctl hybrid-sleep; pm-utils hooks, including any custom hooks, will not be run. However, systemd provides two similar mechanisms to run custom scripts on these events.

So the right way to do it with systemd (which is used by default in 15.04) is to create the following service files which execute my brightness control script in /etc/pm/sleep.d/ as follows:

/etc/systemd/system/root-suspend.service:

[Unit]
Description=Local system suspend actions
Before=sleep.target

[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=-/etc/pm/sleep.d/nvidiabl_brightness suspend

[Install]
WantedBy=sleep.target

/etc/systemd/system/root-resume.service:

[Unit]
Description=Local system resume actions
After=suspend.target

[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=-/etc/pm/sleep.d/nvidiabl_brightness resume

[Install]
WantedBy=suspend.target

Then run the following to enable these services:

systemctl enable root-suspend.service
systemctl enable root-resume.service

Refer to the linked article for more details.


Having troubles updating to python 3.6 on ubuntu 16.04

maybe the python is located in .....

/usr/local/bin/python3.6

then the command ..

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/local/bin/python3.6 2


Can I play a game that's installed into Mint OS in Ubuntu?

First of all, Ubuntu and Mint are both Debian-derivatives and as such most software that's compatible with one is also compatible with the other.

That said, while it's definitely possible to run the game in Ubuntu while it's still installed to a Mint partition, there are much simpler ways to transition over. You generally wouldn't want to mess with another OS.

0 A.D. in particular is also in the Ubuntu Software Centre and as such easily available to reinstall on Ubuntu itself.


How do I swap Left Ctrl with Left Alt on my keyboard?

To do this manually you want to create a file called .Xmodmap in your home directory. You could do this using a command from the terminal

~$ gedit ~/.Xmodmap

That will create the file and open it in gedit. Add the following lines to the file:

clear control
clear mod1
keycode 37 = Alt_L Meta_L
keycode 64 = Control_L
add control = Control_L Control_R
add mod1 = Alt_L Meta_L

Save the file and quit gedit. Next time you login the new keymappings will be active. To have the settings take immediate effect run the following command:

~$ xmodmap ~/.Xmodmap

There's a chance that the keycodes above are different on your computer. If the above doesn't work, try running the xev program from the command line. Xev will generate a new small window in the corner of your screen. If you start pressing keys on your keyboard you’ll get all the key mapping information for that key press.

~$ xev

For example if I press “q” when xev is running I get the following output:

KeyRelease event, serial 33, synthetic NO, window 0x4c00001,
root 0xb6, subw 0x0, time 9127480, (21,-17), root:(22,36),
state 0x0, keycode 24 (keysym 0x71, q), same_screen YES,
XLookupString gives 1 bytes: (71) "q"
XFilterEvent returns: False

keycode 24 is the information that we're after. Press your left Ctrl and left Alt buttons while running xev to get your own respective keycodes to confirm that they are the same as the ones used above.

Hope that helps.


How to format disk without installing system?

You can do this, for instance, with the GParted Live CD.

  GParted Live is a small bootable GNU/Linux distribution for x86 based computers.
  It enables you to use all the features of the latest versions of the GParted application.

  GParted Live can be installed on CD, USB, PXE server, and Hard Disk then run on an x86 machine.

  Installation Instructions

  To install GParted Live on CD, download the .iso file and burn it as an image to a CD.

  Accounts in GParted live

  GParted live is based on Debian live, and the default account is "user", with password "live". There is no root password, so if you need root privileges, login as "user", then run "sudo" to get root priviliges.

But  if you already have a Ubuntu Live CD you can run GParted or Disc Utility and from there GParted after choosing the option Try Ubuntu instead of Install Ubuntu.


The file /etc/postfix/main.cf should contain

inet_protocols = ipv4
inet_protocols = all (DEFAULT)
inet_protocols = ipv6
inet_protocols = ipv4, ipv6

see man 5 postconf for further information

The entry "all" is equivalent to "ipv4, ipv6" or "ipv4", depending on whether the operating system implements IPv6.
IPv6 may accept implicit IPv4 on  systems  that  pre-date IPV6_V6ONLY support, else IPv6 only is meant.
"ipv4, ipv6" supports both protocols, depending on OS with separate server sockets.
It also sets the behavior for outgoing connections. (AAAA,A)

More details, os specific and postix-version-specific things are described in the man page.


Hear the audio of bluetooth and logitech mic from the USB soundcard

I solved this problem. To hear the live audio of logitech mic and bluetooth device from USB soundcard speaker, we have to load the module-loopback related to the logitech mic and bluetooth device. So we can hear the live audio of logitech mic and bluetooth from USB souncard speaker.

Following are command that I have used to load all the module-loopback.

To load logitech mic loopback-module:

pactl load-module module-loopback source=alsa_input.usb-046d_0823_D81A0330-00-U0x46d0x823_1.analog-stereo sink=alsa_input.usb-046d_0823_D81A0330-00-U0x46d0x823_1.analog-stereo latency_msec=1 source_dont_move=yes

Now I am able to hear the live audio form the devices that I loaded the module.


Running ssh-add a second time bombed your original keys.  So, your current key is not the same one that worked yesterday.

It might be easier to just start over and then not disturb your key(s) once you have them working.  Enter the following commands:

ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "key_label" - this will generate key pair;
Hit the Enter key when prompted to save the key file;
Enter your desired passphrase when prompted or just hit Enter for no passphrase;
eval "$(ssh-agent -s)" - verify that the ssh-agent is running;
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa - add your new ssh key to the ssh-agent.


Slow window movement with unity on AMD 6950

You should install the latest drivers for your card, they give so much better support than the ones included on the Ubuntu repos.

If you need any help to install the ATI drivers on your system have a look at this question Is my ATI graphics card supported in Ubuntu? It will help you download and install the latest drivers in your system.

The included drivers (fglrx 11.08 and fglrx 11.09) in the Ubuntu repos are not really the best ones to fully appreciate Unity, only after the upgrade to fglrx 11.11 had I a good experience with it, no more slowness and hanging windows and movies. All worked much, much better.

The guide I included will install fglrx 11.12, they are the current latest drivers from ATI.


How reset gnome-fallback settings to defaults?

Thanks to this article, I found the answer which is pretty simple:

dconf reset -f /org/gnome/


Black screen after waking from suspend Ubuntu Budgie 18.10

I use a XPS 15 too and have à lot of issues with nvidia drivers and ubuntu.

Ty to configure grub like this :

Edit the file /etc/default/grub :

sudo vim /etc/default/grub

Replace default grub cmdline with this one (adapt it if needed):

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet acpi_rev_override=1 acpi_osi=Linux scsi_mod.use_blk_mq=1 nouveau.modeset=0 nouveau.runpm=0 mem_sleep_default=deep"

Good luck !


Failing to Dual boot Ubuntu on Lenovo G50 Core i7 Windows 8.1 system

You wrote:

  I am inserting the bootable USB selecting the BIOS option of booting through the USB.

This is your problem. You're creating a disk on which Windows is (almost certainly) installed in EFI/UEFI mode and Ubuntu is installed in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. This makes for a much more complex boot process than if both OSes are installed in the same mode. At best, it means you must use the built-in boot manager or rEFInd to select which OS to boot, and at worst it becomes impossible to switch OSes. Given that you also report that GRUB didn't install, the latter is the case for you.

You can probably fix your problem by disabling BIOS/CSM/legacy support in the firmware and either running Boot Repair or installing my rEFInd and the appropriate EFI filesystem driver. Alternatively, after you disable BIOS/CSM/legacy support, you can re-install Ubuntu.


How do I go back to KDE splash / login after installing XFCE?

splash screen is configured by the alternatives system... you can get a list of available plymouth themes by doing: update-alternatives --list default.plymouth

You can then change the current plymouth theme by doing
sudo update-alternatives --set default.plymouth /lib/plymouth/themes/kubuntu-logo/kubuntu-logo.plymouth

The alternative way of getting Kubuntu splash it to remove package xubuntu-plymouth-theme.

To change the login screen you can either run sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm and choose kdm as mentioned in another comment or remove gdm which should set kdm as default display manager.


ATI Mobility Radeon HD 5650 with 2560x1440 resolution

Finally I found this post for a different laptop with a Radeon HD 6950. In one of the comments there was a setting with low pixel rate which works for the  5650.

xrandr --newmode "2560x1440_RED"  140.500   2560 2608 2640 2720  1440 1443 1448 1481 +hsync -vsync
xrandr --addmode HDMI-0 "2560x1440_RED"

This setting works fine for me, although the refresh rate is only 34.88 Hz.

Hope that it helps other users with this or other graphic card to use them with higher resolution and extend the live of their PC/laptop.

Then I found the CRU tool for Windows which had some good explanation about the various constraints and dependencies. From this I understood that HDMI supports up to 165 MHz pixel clock by default. So I tried 165 MHz pixel clock which provides 41.32 Hz refresh rate, and it also works (with 166 MHz it didn't work anymore).

xrandr --newmode "2560x1440@41"  165.000000  2560 2608 2640 2720  1440 1443 1447 1468  +HSync -VSync
xrandr --addmode HDMI-0 "2560x1440@41"

This modline was calculated with the Universal Modeline Calculator using the --rbt option. I had no success with the cvt tool, with --reduced option it didn't allow me to specify the target refresh rate below 60 Hz.

The Calculator for video timings was also very useful to calculate a custom modline and understand the setting details.

Finally I added the configuration permanently to my PC by creating a xorg configuration file:

/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-monitor.conf

Section "Monitor"
    Identifier "HDMI-0"
    Modeline "2560x1440@41"  165.000000  2560 2608 2640 2720  1440 1443 1447 1468  +HSync -VSync
    Option "PreferredMode" "2560x1440@41"
EndSection


There is a compile-it-yourself option. See here.

Download the tar and then follow METHOD C on the installation instructions.

Following your comment, I decided to try building it. It went fine. Here's what I did:

Download and extract the tar for the right arch.
cd into the new directory and then

sudo make debprecomp

Assuming everything worked, there should be a .deb file sitting in the directory above the current working dir. Just double-click it and it should install.

After that just follow the rest of the installation instructions.


How can I increase the text size in empathy chat windows?

Empathy uses adium themes, so what you would need to do is install/edit an adium theme to make the text larger.

Links:

http://live.gnome.org/Empathy/Themes
http://trac.adium.im/wiki/CreatingMessageStyles


How do Remap-* statements work in apt-cacher-ng?

Those are examples. Use only the ones you need to. I only use the Debian and Ubuntu configuration lines. From the manual, the syntax for the Remap directive:

Remap-RepositoryName: MergingURLs ; TargetURLs ; OptionalFlags

The MergingURLs are set of mirrors which are considered equivalent. I think this lets you mix and match mirror URLs in the client sources.list, but downloads usually will only take place from the URLs specified in TargetURLs.  The lists of mirrors are provided with the package, and should be in the /usr/lib/apt-cacher-ng directory.
The backends_* files are provided with package as well, presumably because this package is for Debian and Ubuntu, and people using it are likely going to use it for Debian and Ubuntu. The point of creating empty backend files eludes me, as does the reason behind the lack of complaints about the other files.


Software Sources requires GTK 2 and won't run on 11.04

I had the same problem and finally solved it! Just for the record, reinstalling the packages as stated above did not help. This is what I did.

According to the pygi docs, if you type

python -c 'from gi.repository import Gtk; print Gtk'

you should get

<gi.module.DynamicModule 'Gtk' from '/usr/lib/girepository-1.0/Gtk-3.0.typelib'>

(Gtk-2.0 depending on which version you have installed. I have Gtk-2.0.)

This gave me the clue. The Gtk typelib was in fact there but I suspected there may be another girepository-1.0 directory in my filesystem that was taking precedence. Using the locate command I found it in /usr/local/lib along with several libgirepository-1.0* libs. This directory did not contain the Gtk typelib. So I simply removed it along with the libraries and the problem is now solved.


where to put swap ? partitioning a drive for ubuntu and spare ntfs space

It actually doesn't matter.

As long as you don't need to move Ubuntu or Windows, you're fine.

Just add it where you have free space. :)


How to maintain a patched upstream package

I'd suggest something a little different than Flimzy. Take a look at git-import-dsc and possibly git-debimport. They will auto-magically create separate upstream, debian, and prinstine-tar branches from at Debian source package. You could then create your own branch for your patch set. Each time a new upload to Ubuntu is made, you can just run git-import-dsc on the new package and merge with your branch.

Even simpler would be to use bzr if you are not wed to git. Each Ubuntu package can also be found in a bzr branch. bzr branch ubuntu:$PACKAGE_NAME will grab the source branch for you.  Make your changes and commit. Then when ever a new Ubuntu upload is made, you can simply run bzr merge-package ubuntu:$PACKAGE_NAME


It's simply not possible to block root access to a file without using something like AppArmor or SELinux.

As long as your two WLAN devices use different drivers, this method should work for you:

First, determine which driver you are using.  In my case, from this output:

mark@xiii:/var/log$ sudo dmesg | grep -e 'Ethernet' -e 'WiFi'

...jme 0000:07:00.5: eth0: JMC250 Gigabit Ethernet chiprev:23....[SNIP]
...iwlagn: Intel(R) Wireless WiFi Link AGN driver for Linux, in-tree:

So this tells me my wifi driver is "iwlagn".  I can either append blacklist iwlagn to a file in /etc/modprobe.d/ or create a new file, perhaps /etc/modprobe.d/my-personal-blacklist.conf that only contains the line blacklist iwlagn.


Can`t install xdebug - Depends: phpapi-20121212 - ubuntu 14.04

You're using manually installed PHP packages that don't stem from the official repositories. Anything could happen in that case and I suggest that you report the issue to their maintainer.

Solution 1: Switch/downgrade to in-repository packages

The immediate solution is to revert to the in-repository packages with:

sudo apt install php5=5.5.9+dfsg-1ubuntu4.20 php5-xdebug=2.2.3-2build1

If you have other packages depending on that php5 version you'll need to install their respective in-repository versions in the same fashion.

Solution 2: Install PHP 5.6 and xdebug from an actual PPA and not manually with dpkg -i

How do I install different (upgrade or downgrade) PHP version in still supported Ubuntu release? has an excellent answer that lists such a PPA.

You probably want to remove the current PHP 5 installation since the PPA packages have different names to allow different independent PHP installations:

sudo apt remove php5 php5-xdebug

Add the PPA, upgrade your packages and install the new PHP and xdebug packages:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install php5.6 php-xdebug

As in the previous solution you'll need to remove packages that depend on php5 (happens automatically with apt remove php5) and later re-add their php5.6 counterparts (add them to the apt install command).


I found out the problem meanwhile. Turns out Docker doesn't like virtualizations such as Virtuozzo which is heavily in use by the virtual servers at Strato.de. There apparently is no workaround for this other than changing to a provider that doesn't use Virtuozzo for virtualization.


Modify manually PWM of my fan (fan speed)

Packages like lm-sensors and fancontrol can help you do this safely. If you really want to do it yourself, you can probably find special device files named pwm1, pwm2, etc. in /sys/class/hwmon/*/device/. You can cat them to get the current value or write a number between 0 and 255 to change the fan speed. (But be careful. You can really fry your hardware!)

It's much easier to just use pwmconfig from the fancontrol package. Run sensors-detect from the lm-sensors package first so that you can see the current temperature and RPM by running watch sensors.


Install PlayOnLinux, and then use it to install IE7 and/or IE6.

First: In software centre install playonlinux
Open PlayOnLinux
Click install and choose internet
Choose the IE version you want and click apply


Brightness fn key shortcut doesn't work on ASUS laptop

In the terminal:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Change

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi="

Then, save the file.
sudo update-grub
Restart computer.

The function keys (Fn+F5/F6) should now be active.

I found out that the grub file got modified after an upgrade of the system and had to do it again.


Internet (HTTP) is not working on Sony Viao

on a terminal prompt type :

cat /etc/resolv.conf

Output would be like :
nameserver 192.168.2.1

copy paste the output here or add to your question, if you have anyother machine you can check whether you can actually get to browse web pages, if you are able to do apt-get update and apt-get upgrade then it is connected to the internet, but DNS isn't working for some reason.

Check with another machine by connecting it to the same router and see if you are able to browse websites, also on the terminal :

you can type :

ping 4.2.2.2 (you will see responses / reply received) you can break the operation by CTRL + C

then type : ping www.google.com (if you receive reply on that too, it means name resolution is working as well).


How to install Android Studio on Ubuntu 14.04

Another way to install Android Studio is through ubuntu-make.

Add the Ubuntu Make ppa:

 $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-desktop/ubuntu-make
 $ sudo apt-get update

Install Ubuntu Make:

$ sudo apt-get install ubuntu-make

Install Android Studio:

$ umake android

For further information see Ubuntu wiki.


Dependency: libasound2 (>=1.0.16) required for sl-modem-daemon

You are trying to install the i386 version for sl-modem-daemon on a amd64 system.

In fact, in your dpkg -i output you have:

Preparing to unpack sl-modem-daemon_2.9.11~20110321-9_i386.deb ...
                                                      ^^^^

But dpkg -l says:

ii  libasound2:amd 1.0.27.2-3ub amd64        shared library for ALSA applicati
ii  libc6:amd64    2.19-0ubuntu amd64        Embedded GNU C Library: Shared
                                ^^^^^

In other words, the versions of your packages are correct, but they are using the wrong architecture.

sl-modem-daemon unfortunately comes only with the i386 version. Therefore, in order to install it, you should do one of the following:

either install the i386 versions of the dependencies,
or reinstall Ubuntu, this time choosing the 32-bit version.


I have Ubuntu 19.10 and faced this issue several days ago too. The reason is updating from 5.3.0-53 kernel to 5.3.0-55. As a workaround, you can choose 53 version in GRUB.
For 20.04 kernel version 5.6.15 should work: Webcam stopped working after recent kernel update


stuck in tty1 because of changes in fstab-file

Well you didn't have to follow the steps from my answer exactly. But here is a detailed way to recover your system from the slow boot:

Undo the GRUB modification:

Open GRUB:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Change this line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=

to

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

Now save the file and exit: Ctrl + O, then Enter and Ctrl + X.
Update GRUB:

sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Now, open a terminal and type:

sudo blkid

and note down the UUID of your swap partition. The output will have a line that looks something like:

/dev/sda6: UUID="727cac18-044b-4504-87f1-a5aefa774bda" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="8rof66hg-12"

ITS BETTER TO COPY THE UUID PART FROM THE ABOVE OUTPUT, i.e., 727cac18-044b-4504-87f1-a5aefa774bda

BACKUP YOUR EXISTING FSTAB FIRST BY TYPING THE FOLLOWING COMMAND:

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak

3a. Next, open your etc/fstab file:

sudo nano /etc/fstab

Repalce the UUID of the existing swap partition with the one that you copied earlier, i.e., change

UUID=whateverishere none        swap        defaults    0 0

to

UUID=727cac18-044b-4504-87f1-a5aefa774bda   none        swap        defaults    0 0

Now save the file and exit: Ctrl + O, then Enter and Ctrl + X.
Reboot.


You run sudo apt-get install sauerbraten.


I have not been able to identify a root cause, but I confirmed the same behavior in a Kubuntu 12.04 virtual machine and it seems to be an issue specific to the use of Konsole as the default x-terminal-emulator.

As a workaround, you can try setting a different terminal emulator in geany explicitly using Preferences --> Tools --> Terminal e.g.

You may need to install the xterm package if you have a pure Kubuntu system. This bug report suggests another workaround.


The basics first:

What is the make and model of your machine?
What is the form factor? Is this a laptop, or a desktop?
Include the output of dmidecode -t chassis and dmesg | head
An output from lspci and dmesg | tail -n 20 would do.

Secondly, we'll also require information such as:

Your current desktop version and compositor (Are you on Gnome, Unity, KDE, etc?)
Your storage.
Any changes you've made to your packaging system, say extra PPAs you may have added over the course of installing software, and
Any BIOS/UEFI modifications that may be in use, such as the boot mode (UEFI, legacy mode or CSM mode), etc.

Till then, this question is moot.


To run Partition Scanner and Disk Recovery Tool open the terminal and type testdisk. testdisk is run from the terminal.

You can also run this command from the terminal to find the name of the program:

apt-cache search Partition Scanner

...which returns the following results:

testdisk - Partition scanner and disk recovery tool
testdisk-dbg - Partition scanner and disk recovery tool


ubuntu 20.04 applications menu has no icons, but can launch softwares from the side bar tray that still has icons

I had the same problem. To fix it, type:

sudo apt install --reinstall gnome-control-center

If you have trouble logging in after reboot, do:

ctrl + alt + f2
Login in
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo reboot

Good luck.


VmPlayer 15.5.6 error on Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS

VMWare 15.5 obviously has issues with Kernel 5.8.
One solution is to install package grub-customizer and set Grub to use Kernel 5.4 as standard - then VMWare will work again.
Cheers,
Wolfram


I realize that this answer is about three years too late.  However, it keeps coming up in the search results, so I wanted to answer it.

You need to add confirm to partman-lvm:

d-i partman/confirm boolean true
d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true

That did the trick for me on Ubuntu 16.04/Xenial.  If you are doing fake RAID (md0/mdX), you will need to add the same two parameters for partman-md:

d-i partman-md/confirm boolean true
d-i partman-md/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true


How do I make my system keep the numlock turned on at startup?

I too was puzzeled by this dilemma. I searched hard and long to find a solution that doesn't require numlockx, as I was convinced it must be a setting in a '.conf' file. Guess what... I found it!

To keep numlock turned on at startup you need to edit the following file:

/etc/sddm.conf

Find the label general and add the following

Numlock=on

Now save your file and reboot. It's as simple as that.

In my case I had already turned on numlock in my BIOS, so I don't know if this works with numlock turned off in your BIOS. I haven't tested that. However, I assume that if you're looking to keep numlock turned on at boot time, you've probably already turned that on.


Every command fails with "command not found" after changing .bash_profile?

It looks to me that at one point or another you are overwriting the default PATH environment variable. The type of errors you have, indicates that PATH does not contain /bin, where the above commands (including bash) reside.

For example, if you do

PATH=/home/user/bin

instead of

PATH="$PATH":/home/user/bin


Find all occurrences of a word in a file and add a string to them?

Using sed:

sed -i 's/resolution/self.&/g' some/file

Though perhaps you should start using an IDE and its refactoring tools.

If resolution could be part of word (say you had resolutionFoo), use word boundary markers:

sed -i 's/\bresolution\b/self.&/g' some/file


Weechat error: unknown command "script" (type /help for help)

Follow the steps below:

sudo apt-get purge weechat
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys 11E9DE8848F2B65222AA75B8D1820DB22A11534E
sudo bash -c "echo 'deb https://weechat.org/ubuntu xenial main' >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/weechat.list"
sudo bash -c "echo 'deb-src https://weechat.org/ubuntu xenial main' >>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/weechat.list"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install weechat-curses weechat-plugins

Start the client with weechat or weechat-curses


Synaptics Pointing Device Sensitivity too low

try this in your terminal:

#!/bin/sh
TP=$(xinput --list --short|grep -i touchpad|cut -f 1 | cut -d" " -f 5-|sed 's/\s\+$//g')
xinput --set-prop "$TP" "Device Accel Constant Deceleration" 1.5
xinput --set-prop "$TP" "Device Accel Velocity Scaling" 10


Laptop touchpad stops working randomly on Ubuntu 18.04

I had a similar problem. For me, usually I could restore it by Suspend then log in again, which is less disruptive than a full restart, so I set the power button to Suspend so this would be easier.
As for cause and prevention, it will vary by device, but I just discovered that my touchpad is set up with a "features" that disables it with a double-tap in a particular corner. Usually, mine disables when the fan changes speed while my finger is touching the touchpad, so I'm guessing that something about the fan motion makes the device think I double-tapped that corner. I'm looking in to how to disable that "feature".
I've seen other posts talking about static etc from the fan interfering with their touchpad - there might be something similar with yours.


Cooling fan goes crazy at every warm boot. Any setting possibilities?

Install the lm-sensors package and check the temp of your system.  The fan is trying to catch up after the shutdown allowed heat to build up (fan cuts off immediately, but temps then spike as internal heat is no longer being removed).  I'm on my third motherboard (HP Compaq) because of inadequate cooling.  Consider an external cooler also to force more air through your system and keep the air flowing a minute after shutdown.

Also a good idea to check for any BIOS/firmware updates from HP.  Many of those had to do with fan control.  Don't know what hardware the lm-sensors supports. My 7 yr old laptop is supported by sensors.

To list the packages available run

apt-cache pkgnames |grep fan

I see no jupiter, but there are some other to try out.


Setting the icon_theme_path in python script

If you're looking for the home folder, it might be worth getting the HOME variable as such:

import os
self.ind.set_icon_theme_path(os.path.join(os.environ['HOME'], 'directory'))
self.ind.set_icon("the_icon")

otherwise, for if you need the script's folder location you can use the following:

import os
self.ind.set_icon_theme_path(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
self.ind.set_icon("the_icon")

Reference: Find current directory and file's directory


Bad performance of open source graphics drivers (ATI Mobility Radeon)

AMD writes pretty crappy drivers for linux. But if you want the official drivers, and can't get them through ubuntu, go to http://support.amd.com/en-us/download , and there you can specify your video card, then they give you a download for the drivers.


How do I get Evolution Mail's RSS to work?

Answer gotten from comments:

  The problem seems to be a bug. After enabling the proposed
  archive, apt was able to access the patched version.


How do I use my laptop's media keys with decibel-audio-player?

As long as your multimedia keys have been recognised and have their appropriate keysym assigned, the following explanation will work fine. If not, please see the Ubuntu wiki and my answer for this question.

Your 'XF86Audio' media keys (i.e. play, pause, next track, previous track buttons) usually do not work straightaway with decibel-audio-player, so you need to use the remote application, which is by default located at /usr/share/decibel-audio-player/src/remote.py. To find the valid options, just run it with python:

python /usr/share/decibel-audio-player/src/remote.py

Here is the full list of options available for the command-line application, remote.py:

Command  | Arguments        | Description
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
next     |                  | Jump to the next track
pause    |                  | Pause or continue playing the current track
pl-add   | file1 file2...   | Append the given files to the playlist
pl-clr   |                  | Clear the playlist
pl-set   | file1 file2...   | Set the playlist to the given files
play     |                  | Start playing the current track
prev     |                  | Jump to the previous track
shuffle  |                  | Shuffle the playlist
stop     |                  | Stop playback
volume   | value (0 -- 100) | Set the volume

So, from the command-line, the python command that pause/plays a track when decibel-audio-player is already running is:

python /usr/share/decibel-audio-player/src/remote.py pause

Other commands that can be assigned to media buttons (individually) are, for example:

python /usr/share/decibel-audio-player/src/remote.py stop
python /usr/share/decibel-audio-player/src/remote.py next
python /usr/share/decibel-audio-player/src/remote.py prev

Now all you need to do is to assign the appropriate python command to the XF86 keysym that represents, for example, your play/pause on your laptop. Do this by going to shortcut settings, adding a new keyboard shortcut, then placing in the box the appropriate line above and then pressing the appropriate media key.

Repeat this method for however many media keys you have by using a different command and different media key every time.

When you have finished, your keyboard shortcuts application will look something like this, although I am using Xfce, so the settings section will look different for other desktop environments:

I thought this information was worth sharing, as I haven't been able to find any similar tutorials elsewhere, so perhaps it will be useful for someone.