Problems installing 16.04 in dual boot with Windows 10

Well that was an adventure...  but I got it working.

I had to do a whole afternoon's worth of stuff, but I think the short answer is that I had to enable EFI in the BIOS before I could install GRUB to the Windows (/dev/sda) drive.  You would think that having EFI/UEFI/Secure Boot or anything of that ilk turned off would allow me to freely install stuff..

Prior to this fix, though, I also updated my motherboard's BIOS firmware.  I mention this in case other users also need to do the same.  After updating the firmware I found that (in Windows) my ethernet controller needed new drivers (no network connection) so I had to run back and forth from my Windows machine to my other Ubuntu machine with a USB stick to download then transfer the necessary files.  Besides the ethernet controller drivers I also sneaker-netted anything else that looked interesting, but the NIC drivers were the big issue.

So once I had Windows working right (with EFI turned on in the BIOS) I tried reinstalling Ubuntu 16.10 from scratch on the M.2 drive (/dev/sdc).  This time around it went through without a hitch.  I held my breath while it was installing GRUB but it made it through.

So thanks to everyone who contributed here.  This install was more work that it should have been but still a learning experience.

Now to configure the Ubuntu side the way I like it....


Made a mistake and deleted just some of the files in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ how do I restore the files?

Two options here:

You should try to fix this with debsums. You can find missed files with it and reinstall their packages with the following commands:

sudo apt-get install debsums
sudo debsums_init
sudo debsums --changed --silent

then reinstall mentioned packages manually with

sudo apt-get -f install

Or try to find all packages, which have files in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ with dpkg -S /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ or combined with re-installation

sudo apt-get install --reinstall `dpkg -S /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ \
| sed 's/,/ /g' | head -c-28`


I think this DLL came from Wine, so you could make a new Wine prefix:

WINEPREFIX=~/.wine-bak winecfg

And then copy the DLL from ~/.wine-bak/drive_c/windows/system32/ole32.dll.

I tried a locate and came up with this:

mohanan@mohanan-laptop:~$ locate ole32.dll
/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/wine/ole32.dll.so
/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/wine/fakedlls/ole32.dll
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/wine/ole32.dll.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/wine/fakedlls/ole32.dll

You could copy one of these, but I am not sure which one you'll need, exactly.


How can I display a certain sector like 56 on partition 1 from disk /dev/sda?

Assuming a sector-size of 512 Bytes you may use the following command to display the content of the 56th sector:

sudo dd if=/dev/sda1 skip=55 count=56 | hexdump -C


monochrome on a colour monitor under XFCE - easy switching?

Please specify what you mean by monochrome...
Monochrome monitor
You can employ xrandr scripts clickable on a panel. I'm using for example following script xrandr --output VGA-0 --auto --right-of LVDS-0 to enable VGA output on the right from my notebook. Please specify what you mean by monochrome... by xrandr you can simply switch graphics mode of any graphics output, so it could be on one clik in the menu panel. Read xrandr --help on how to switch it to different monitors/modes
Colors off
You can use xrandr to tune colors... can suit your needs. watch for brightness and gamma settings
Update: you can use xrandr to change saturation as well by the set attribute, example: xrandr --output TV --set Saturation 0-100. But the device and the driver should support it... otherwise you will get BadName error. I can imagine, that you will change it trough the color profile of your display. Solution very much depends on what you have.
Monochrome icon/colour theme
You can switch monochrome theme on the fly in System settings - windows manager by choosing a monochrome theme. you can run settings from command line by xfwm4-settings see the man page for details: http://swoolley.org/man.cgi/1/xfwm how to switch it from the command line. Again you can make it part of panel, so it could be made on one click.


Is 10 GB/day of writes to my SSD typical for a workstation?

Probably 10GB/day is not typical but it mostly depends on what you are doing.
This is quite easy to know what is causing such writes. Install iotop - I/O monitor and run

sudo iotop -ao

then navigate with < to disk write and check which process is causing writes.

For sure Firefox is writing data (caching) all the time and this writing could be huge. Imho the best way is to move firefox profile to tmpfs (ramdisk) and syncing on boot and shutdown or make tweaks in about:config. It will decrease your ssd writes.

You can see the total writes since the drive was mounted by looking in session_write_kbytes file:

echo "Session wrote: $(echo "scale=2;$(cat /sys/fs/ext4/sda3/session_write_kbytes)/1024" | bc) MB"

Change sda3 with your proper partition.


No media player working  except VLC by an ordinary user

It seems to be that when you launch these programs (apart from vlc) as normal user, you cannot access your audio hardware (hence the bus errors and permission denied). As you don't want to run these media players as root all the time, one quick fix that sometimes works is to add your user to the audio group (normally you don't have to do this in Ubuntu) with sudo adduser <your username> audio. This will add your existing user to the existing group. I had to do the same with VirtualBox, i.e. add myself to the vboxusers group to let it access my USB hardware.

Note: you must logout and then login again for the group changes to take effect for your user.


system not showing full capacity of SSD drives

The lsblk command is showing you the disks and the partitions on the disks.  It is also showing you if the partition is mounted or not.

The df command is displaying the filesystems that are currently mounted.

It does not appear all partitions are mounted.  The lsblk output shows only /dev/sda1 is mounted, at /.  /dev/sda2, /dev/sda5, /dev/nvme0n1p1, /dev/nvme0n1p2, /dev/nvme0n1p5, /dev/nvme1n1p1, /dev/nvme1n1p2 and /dev/nvme1n1p5 are not mounted.  Furthermore, the lsblk output shows that /dev/nvme1n1p5 is a LVM physical volume with 2 logical volumes on it.  So, there are some filesystems associated with that partition, but they are not mounted.

If you are ok with those partitions, and they do not have any filesystems on them, you can make a filesystem on one of the partitions and then mount it.

If you are not ok with those partitions, you can remove the existing partitions and create new ones.  You can then make filesystems on those new partitions and then mount them.

Hope this helps.


SSSD with LDAP makes apparmor very noisy in syslog

I am also getting several messages in dmesg related to sssd, after recently configuring domain membership.
Even though the messages were related to installing/configuring sssd, I am pretty sure the messages were actually from apparmor, since I tried adjusting debug_level in /etc/sssd/sssd.conf, which only had an effect on /var/log/sssd/sssd.conf and systemctl status sssd.service
Example:
# journalctl --reverse | grep sssd

. . .
Jan 27 13:50:04 chubbychipmunk.webtool.space audit[39674]:
AVC apparmor="ALLOWED" operation="open"
profile="/usr/sbin/sssd//null-/usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be//null-/usr/bin/nsupdate"
name="/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libirs.so.1601.0.0"
pid=39674
comm="nsupdate"
requested_mask="r"
denied_mask="r"
fsuid=0 ouid=0
. . .

I am no apparmor expert, but through this process I learned of some utilities that appear to have helped dmesg be less noisy.
First, I installed apparmor-utils, which has the aa-logprof utility:

From aa-logprof(8):
Running aa-logprof will scan the log file and if there are new AppArmor events
that are not covered by the existing profile set, the user will be prompted with
suggested modifications to augment the profile.

% sudo apt install -y apparmor-utils

Then, I ran aa-logprof as root and got something like this:
% sudo aa-logprof

Updating AppArmor profiles in /etc/apparmor.d.
Reading log entries from /var/log/audit/audit.log.

WARNING: Ignoring exec event in /usr/sbin/sssd//null-/usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be, nested profiles are not supported yet.

Profile:  /usr/sbin/sssd
Execute:  /usr/libexec/sssd/ldap_child
Severity: unknown

(I)nherit / (C)hild / (P)rofile / (N)amed / (U)nconfined / (X) ix On / (D)eny / Abo(r)t / (F)inish

I used (I)nherit here to use the same profile as sssd.  Then I got something like this:
Complain-mode changes:
Enforce-mode changes:

= Changed Local Profiles =

The following local profiles were changed. Would you like to save them?

 [1 - /usr/sbin/sssd]
(S)ave Changes / Save Selec(t)ed Profile / [(V)iew Changes] / View Changes b/w (C)lean profiles / Abo(r)t

I hit s to save the profile, and exit, which should give you something like this:
Writing updated profile for /usr/sbin/sssd.

The first time I updated the profile, there were several processes that were not in the sssd profile yet. I basically just hit (A)llow for all of them since, in my case, all the processes apparmor was complaining about were related to sssd.
After a while to check and see if it worked, I ran:
% sudo dmesg -T | tail -n 100

And saw that the last apparmor message I had related to sssd was over two hours ago.


Secondary display does not show complete screen

Go to System Settyngs : Hardware : Display, and select the screen which is you need to turn it off.

Hope this helps,


What did you do to get that screen?  (List the steps).
How did you get that screen.

Try again.
Make sure you completely shutdown windows.  Turn off fast booting.
Hold the shift key continuously when you select the power menu and shutdown.

Make your ubuntu install disk with live linux installer.
Make 500 mb persistent.

Lastly, you could wait two weeks for 16.04 (!)


The problem solved itself, I don't know what I did but I think that is execute the Appdiagnostic10 because I had to execute it and then I could login in the server.


How to fix software updater packages broken?

I had the same problem and this solution worked for me:

sudo su
mv /var/lib/dpkg/status /var/lib/dpkg/status-bad
cp /var/lib/dpkg/status-old /var/lib/dpkg/status
mv /var/lib/dpkg/available /var/lib/dpkg/available-bad
cp /var/lib/dpkg/available-old /var/lib/dpkg/available
rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/updates/*
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
mkdir /var/lib/apt/lists/partial
rm /var/cache/apt/*.bin
apt-get clean
apt-get autoremove
apt-get update
dpkg --configure -a
apt-get install -f

Hope it works also for you!


How can I install forever-monitor on ubuntu

Check your npm version. If you get the next:

$ npm -v
3.5.2

Then upgrade your npm:

$ sudo npm install -g npm

Clear bash cache, so bash will use npm from /usr/local/bin/ folder:

$ hash -d npm

sudo npm -i -g forever-monitor

Result:

    + forever-monitor@2.0.0
    added 204 packages from 136 contributors in 10.082s

Reference


Are you sure it's your cards?
I have a Samsung Syncmaster SA300 and it takes both types of input and had the same problem when I connected the DVI cable to it.
I found out that I have to switch between inputs for it to work. There must be somewhere on the monitor that lets you switch between inputs?
Mine was near the on/off selection.
You never know, it might be something simple like that...


Xamppp No Mcrypt.ini when intalling Lavarel

Download the .deb file of mcrypt for Xubuntu 14.04 from www.ubuntu.com at this link. The linked webpage says Ubuntu, but Xubuntu also has the Ubuntu Software Center in it, so it should be OK. Download the .deb file of php5-mcrypt (MCrypt module for php5) for Xubuntu 14.04 from www.ubuntu.com at this link.

In case you want to verify these files after you download them with GtkHash or from the terminal, you can also get the checksum hashes of these .deb files at the same links at the bottom of the page. Please comment if you need additional help.


How to make an executable text file run a .jar file with arguments

To run a JAR file via java you need the switch -jar.

#!/bin/bash
java -Xmx4G -Xms2G -jar file.jar nogui


Your stanzas for IP aliases should have minimal data and an auto statement for each. I prefer to use the last octet as the alias number.  This is the configuration I would use.

auto p2p1:116
iface p2p1:116 inet static
   address xxx.xxx.xxx.116
   netmask 255.255.255.0

auto p2p1:117
iface p2p1:117 inet static
   address xxx.xxx.xxx.117
   netmask 255.255.255.0

auto p2p1:118
iface p2p1:118 inet static
   address xxx.xxx.xxx.118
   netmask 255.255.255.0

auto p2p1:119
iface p2p1:119 inet static
   address xxx.xxx.xxx.119
   netmask 255.255.255.0

Alternatively, if you have the ip command installed you can add the addresses in the p2p1 stanza withe addition of lines like this:

up ip addr add xxx.xxx.xxx.116/24 dev p2p1 || true
up ip addr add xxx.xxx.xxx.117/24 dev p2p1 || true
up ip addr add xxx.xxx.xxx.118/24 dev p2p1 || true
up ip addr add xxx.xxx.xxx.119/24 dev p2p1 || true

Details can be found in the output of man interfaces.


This can't be done using umake, here's a link to the closed github issue How to update installed software?#122.
As mentionned you only need to remove the package and reinstall it like this.

umake --remove ide idea && umake ide idea

I posted a way to update all your umake packages at once in this self-aswered question How to update all your ubuntu-make packages?


How do you change the theme, icon-set and mouse-theme

You can change GTK3 theme, icon-set and mouse-theme by gnome-tweak-tool from the Ubuntu Software Center


How to use Magic SysRq Key, if theres no SysRq key on my keyboard

As ravery said, your "Print Screen" key should work.

"SysReq" is often not spelt out on small laptop keyboards, but it is still that key.


Root is the most secure

Using root will keep any malware (People say linux cant get virus's but it might and it's good to be secure) from taking over your apache server, because root is a seperate account with extreme privileges. Long story short just keep it in root.


How do I list all packages that no package depends on?

You can for example list all installed packages with dpkg-query and then pipe the package names to apt-cache to see whether they have any reverse depedencies. Here's a one way to do it:
#!/bin/sh

dpkg-query --show --showformat='${Package}\t${Status}\n' | sed --quiet '
    /installed$/{
        s/^/apt-cache rdepends --installed /
        e
        s/\n/ /g
        /:$/{
            s/\s.*//
            p
        }
    }
'

if you want to do the reverse and list packages with at least one reverse dependency, just change /:$/ to /:$/!


Extracting qcow2 image to a smaller real drive

Before you can put a larger image (512 GiB disk image) on a smaller block device (128 GiB SSD), you have to shrink the image first. You can do this by booting a virtual machine from installation media (for example, ubuntu-14.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso) together with your qcow2 file. Then use GParted to shrink the image to a size smaller than 128 GiB.

Make no mistake in determining the final image size. You need to take the following into account:

Reserved space outside partitions. For classic "msdos" partition tables, there is a 512 bytes gap in the beginning of the disk. For modern GPT partitioning schemes, there exists a GPT table at the beginning and the end of the disk.
Swap partitions (if any) must be disabled before you can modify it. This can be done from GParted.
128 GiB is not 128 GB. 128 GiB = 137.4 GB and 128 GB = 119.2 GiB (1 GiB = 1024^3 = 1,073,741,824 bytes, 1 GB = 1000^3 = 1,000,000,000 bytes). Watch for this difference when computing new sizes!
It is better to be more conservative in your size choice, leaving more space unused. Enlarging is easier than shrinking and reduces the likelihood of having a too large image.
Your disk image must reside on a separate disk than the destination disk.
Consults the manual pages of the involved tools if you are not sure. Make a backup of your source image just to be sure!

After shrinking the partitions inside the disk image, shut down the virtual machine and shrink the disk image qemu-img resize your.qcow2 128G (128 GiB!). If you are not sure, you can also use the virt-resize(1) program instead.

When your disk image has shrunk (you can verify it with qemu-img info your.qcow2), convert it from qcow2 to your raw disk (replace /dev/sdb by your unused SSD):

qemu-img convert -p -O raw your.qcow2 /dev/sdb

For GPT partition tables, you might have to repair the GPT table at the end of the disk.


sda5 is an logical partition in your setup. It lives inside the partition sda4, which is the so called extended partition. This is a scheme left over from the traditional MBR way of doing things...

Adding space at the beginning of a partition means you have to rewrite the header of the partition.

gparted can do this.
I did this on a virtual machine, with slightly different sizes, but the process should be more or less the same.

There is a very real risk that you will loose data! Do a backup!

Start by moving sda3 to the beginning of the free space, by selecting Partition -> Resize / Move

Select the sda4 drive, and select Partition -> Resize / Move again:

Move it to the beginning of free space. This should put the unallocated space inside the extended partition:

Finally, you can Resize / Move the sda5 partition: Hit apply to actually apply the operations

This can not be done from the running system. You have to boot from a Live CD / Live USB to move the system partition.


Finally, I found a convenient solution! It is indeed some bug in (K)ubuntu 14.04 which affects many tablet PC users. The bug has been filed as Launchpad Bug #1275416.

A number of workaround solutions are suggested there. The solution offered in this answer by Rmano is not far off, but the suggested script just doesn't work in my case. (I'm using a Lenovo ThinkPad X201 Tablet.)

The script from post no. 21 of the bug report, plus the command from post no. 22, however, works:

Create a file /etc/pm/sleep.d/20_x200-wacom-workaround with this content:

#!/bin/sh

reenable_touch()
{
  for idfile in /sys/class/tty/ttyS*/device/id; do
    if test -f $idfile; then
      if grep -q '^WACf00c$' $idfile; then
        devicefile=`echo "$idfile" | \
          sed -n \
            's/^\/sys\/class\/tty\/ttyS\([0-9]\+\)\/.*$/\/dev\/ttyS\1/p'`
        if test -n $devicefile; then
          inputattach --daemon -w8001 $devicefile
          break
        fi
      fi
    fi
  done
}

case $1 in
  resume|thaw)
    reenable_touch
    ;;
esac

Make that file executable to ensure it can run on resume:

sudo chmod +x /etc/pm/sleep.d/20_x200-wacom-workaround

After waking from sleep mode, the notification that the Wacom tablet is removed is now followed right after by another notification saying that the Wacom tablet is reactivated  … exactly how it used to be in (K)ubuntu 12.04 as well. Problem solved.


The nvidia binary drivers do not support XRandR 1.2, and so the xrandr tool is very limited when working with the nvidia binary.  You can pretty much only query the list of available modes and set one, not add new modes.

So the failure of the xrandr tool is entirely expected.

Secondly, the nvidia binary driver abuses the reported refresh rate to work around some pre-XRandR 1.2 limitations with dynamic mode switching and multi-head.  The reported refresh rate for the default mode will always be 50Hz, regardless of what the monitor is actually being driven at.

If you disable dynamic twinview in xorg.conf then this restriction is removed, and nvidia will report the actual refresh rate.

Alternatively, you can use the nvidia-settings tool to manipulate resolutions/refresh rates, and this will display the right values.


Unable to mount primary partition in live CD

From the name, are we to assume that this is a raid set? With sda and sdb in the raid configuration? If so, then if the virtual disc is mounted, then you can't (and shouldn't try) to mount the individual raid components separately...

... UNLESS This is a RAID-1 configuration.

Then you can temporarily split the raid pair and take one leg off line. That does allow you to split the mirror pair, take one part offline, back it up, bring it back on line and add it back to the mirror pair in catch up mode.

This is complex. I have watched an experience sysadmin do this and get the command to bring the now older offline mirrored disk back online, but as the primary, this making what was the primary the secondary and casually wiping out any changes. His system crashed soon after with massive database corruption.
So, lets be careful out there!

If this is what you are trying to do, you need to lock and quiesce any databases or programs you have running to ensure that the raid set is 'quiet' when you do the split. Otherwise your offline copy is in an inconsistent state. It will be problematical to restore. Oracle enterprise databases can do this, but I am not sure others can. Nowadays you use Oracles built in backup mechanisms to do this task and forget about all that nasty raid management.

But think very carefully about what you are doing. Using RAID sets like this is fraught with errors and there are normally better ways of doing the same thing.


I had the same problem on arch. But literally 2mins ago I got qtk4agg to work, I had to delete a sip.so file from inside /usr/lib/python3.5/site-packages/ so that the package was actually installed
so set your backend in matplotlibrc to Qt4Agg remove the sip.so file if necessary then install python-pyqt4 and all should be working


How do I install vim-gnome on Ubuntu 19.10?

vim-gnome has been removed from the repositories for 19.10.  However, the gtk3 version is available and is pretty much the same package.

sudo apt install vim-gtk3

Hope this helps!


how can I connect to wifi net automatically after ubuntu startup

Because of persistent interface naming which started in Ubuntu 16.04, I suspect that your interface name is not wlan0. Confirm:

iwconfig

Please amend the /etc/network/interfaces file to read:

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
   wpa-ssid <your_router>
   wpa-psk <your_secret_key>

Reboot. Did you connect?

ping -c3 8.8.8.8
ping -c3 www.ubuntu.com

If you did not connect, you may be able to get some clue as to what went wrong with:

sudo ifdown wlan0 && sudo ifup -v wlan0

You may find that it is more convenient to assign a static IP address to the server so that you can ftp and ssh into it. If so, please check here: Ubuntu Server 16.04.2 - Wifi connection


What is happening, where is my free disk space gone?

ext3/ext4 file systems have 5% of the available space reserved by default. You can use the tune2fs command to change that number to something lower. Apparently it is even feasible to not reserve any free space, though for myself I wouldn't set it below 1%.


Cannot Launch Software Center or sudo apt-get update VER 12.04

Medibuntu repository has now been shut down. Package present in this repository were either obsolete, unnecessary or moved to the official Ubuntu archive.

To resolve this error

Remove all the line containing http://packages.medibuntu.org..  from your /etc/apt/sources.list file.
Also remove medibuntu.list from  etc/apt/sources.list.d/ directory (if present) using

sudo rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu.list

After it execute

sudo apt-get update


Remove Gnome Notifications or set Permanent Do not Disturb

Since some earlier versions of GNOME, one unclear thing is why some of the gsettings keys are not persistent after a logout or reboot.
For this case, the workaround is to create a startup application preference to turn off this particular key like this, so that the key is turned off after a logout or reboot.
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.notifications show-banners false


NOTE: I'm assuming bash as the shell.

Adapting to other shells shouldn't be difficult.

Getting the last command used is trivial: it's stored in the shell event designator !!, and can also be obtained using the shell builtins fc (fc -s) or history (with some string manuipluation: history 1 | awk '{$1=""}1').

Getting the time of execution, or the running time, however, is not, unless some action is taken before the command has executed. Once the command is run, nothing can be done - the horses have bolted.

For getting the time of execution, either:

Set the HISTTIMEFORMAT variable, which would make bash save the time of execution in the history, then use text processing to extract the time from the output of history.
Use a wrapper to save the execution time manually.

For getting the running time, again, either:

If you had set HISTTIMEFORMAT before running the command, you could parse the output of history to get the execution time and then calculate the run time.
Use a wrapper to run the command with time: time some-command. Processing the output of time is a bit messy if you want to leave the output of the command untouched.
Use a wrapper to calculate runtime based on manually saved execution time.

With HISTTIMEFORMAT set

If you set the HISTTIMEFORMAT variable, then you need not use a wrapper.
First, in your .bashrc, set HISTTIMEFORMAT. You can set it to anything, as long as it's not empty. If you don't want your history command to show the time, you could set it to a space (HISTTIMEFORMAT=" ").

Now, there's an alias present in the default .bashrc of Ubuntu:

# Add an "alert" alias for long running commands.  Use like so:
#   sleep 10; alert
alias alert='notify-send --urgency=low -i "$([ $? = 0 ] && echo terminal || echo error)" "$(history|tail -n1|sed -e '\''s/^\s*[0-9]\+\s*//;s/[;&|]\s*alert$//'\'')"'

We can adapt it for our purposes:

alert_post ()
{
    RET=$?;
    END=$(date '+%s');
    LAST_COMM="$(HISTTIMEFORMAT='%s '; history 1)";
    START=$(awk '{print $2}' <<<"$LAST_COMM");
    START_TIME=$(date -d"@$START" '+%T %D');
    COMM=$(awk '{print $3}' <<<"$LAST_COMM");
    notify-send --urgency=low -i "$([ $RET = 0 ] && echo terminal || echo error)" "$COMM started at $START_TIME finished in $((END - START)) seconds.";
    return $RET
}
alias a=alert_post

You can use it thus:

$ sleep 10; a

Wrapper function

Using a function or a script to wrap around the command:

alert_wrapper ()
{
    START=$SECONDS;
    START_TIME=$(date '+%T %D');
    COMM="$1";
    "$@";
    RET=$?;
    END=$SECONDS;
    notify-send --urgency=low -i "$([ $RET = 0 ] && echo terminal || echo error)" "$COMM started at $START_TIME finished in $((END - START)) seconds."
    return $RET
}
alias a=alertwrapper

Then run your command prefixed with a:

$ a sleep 10

Notes:

There are many ways of getting the time, both execution and runtime. I used both the $SECONDS special variable and the date command. You could get by with only the date command.
I have used notify-usd, which should be available on standard Ubuntu. You could look at other ways of producing notifications.
I have saved the exit status of the command in $RET and returned it, so you should be able to rely on exit codes: do-something; a || echo "Couldn't do something." or a do-something || echo "Couldn't do something." will echo if do-something had a non-zero exit status.


From /media/blabla to media/my_name/blabla

With the new versions of Ubuntu, the mounting points also use the username, so for example, my user is cyrex and my previous mount point was /media/xtreme. It now has become /media/cyrex/xtreme. If you want to force the system to mount that specific partition to your previous place then I recommend reading answers like this one which mention editing the fstab file and adding the appropriate information to mount a partition in a specific place.

I recommend consulting the manual: man fstab.

An example (Do not apply this) would be:

   /dev/sdb1      /media/A6505A54505A2B11   ext4   defaults   0   0

This would mount the sdb1 device in /media/A6505A54505A2B11 with several parameters like assuming it has an ext4 filesystem.


Running fstrim with traditional HDD mounted in /dev/media

The root directory "/" in your fstrim command is a mount point, not a path. As such, trim applies only to that mounted partition and will not recurse through the path into a new mountpoint.

You can double check this action by running manually with the verbose flag on (-v, and I see it there in your command). If there are no errors, you're fine.

This point about the mountpoint is implied, but not explicit in the man page: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/raring/man8/fstrim.8.html and on archlinux: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/SSD#Apply_TRIM_via_cron but I also found other forum posts with the same assertion.

p.s. I found the archlinux page quite informative, laying out various ways to achieve SSD performance improvements. One noteworthy detail I saw there, when discussing the "discard" method was that the discard flag was added to each mount point separately in their example, even though one partition was mounted downstream of the other (/ and /home). Good luck!


CUPS server reporting the wrong host name

The only service I know using .local domain in Linux is Avahi/Bonjour (mDNS) but not sure how CUPS reverse resolve IP to name.

Check the global host name resolving setup is in /etc/nsswitch.conf
If you have something like:

hosts: files mdns4_minimal dns [NOTFOUND=return] mdns4

then change it to:

hosts: files dns mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] mdns4

So DNS comes before mDNS. See man nsswitch.conf for reference.


The same happened to me yesterday. There is a "close" button on the right bottom, which let's you close that preview and continue to main menu. Try "Alt" + "Enter" to get to fullscreen or resize the window.


I had the same error, and I realized there were newlines introduced when I cut-pasted the key. After removing the newlines the key upload worked.


With Avidemux (available from the Software Centre) you can:

Export frames as images - navigate to the frame you wish to convert and the then follow File > Save > Save JPEG image.
Build a video from a series of images - name the files as 0001.jpg, 0002.jpg,  0003.jpg, etc and then open the first file.


What's the regular way to add an admin user?

sudo adduser username admin will make "username" an admin user.


Uninstalling standard plugins on Eclipse Juno (4.2)

I Removed the corresponding plugins and features on the filesystem directly which did not break the installation (at least in my case). Directories can be easily identified by their package names.

If someone knows how it should be correctly done please share.


Bioshock 1/Playonlinux - can't turn 360°

I've solved it.

Just going into playonlinux > configure > wine > registry editor > file > import registry fixed it.

More simple than I thought. Linux noob here :)


nouveau driver and mirror monitor on Ubuntu 12.04

apt-get install nvidia-settings

It's a GUI for NVIDIA users to mess with X settings, such as using multiple displays setups. Worked for me when I had to do it.


Ubuntu 18.04 disconnects from Win10 RDP after exactly 30 min

Ok the situation is Ubuntu 18.04 still drops the network connection exactly after 30 minutes.
One workaround is "sudo systemctl mask sleep.target suspend.target hibernate.target hybrid-sleep.target". (Sends everything to /dev/null symlink.) This for some reason only drops the first 30 minute disconnection from Ubuntu. Of course all data is lost since nothing is saved after the connection is dropped. Then after logging back on the 2nd time through Win 10 RDP no more drops. But this is only a workaround. I still need to know how to stop Ubuntu 18.04 from dropping the network connection after 30 minutes.


Well, I have one too and it gives me a lot of issues(internet, screen...). What you can try is to just keep reinstalling ubuntu until it works.


Correct steps to install NVidia driver + CUDA after fresh install of Ubuntu Desktop 16.04.02 LTS

(Addition to my earlier answer.)

I can now avoid booting through recovery mode.

The problem was only with the input of the hard disk encryption pass phrase. The workaround was to avoid the "quiet" boot, I found how to do it on this page:
Boot into the command line console in Ubuntu 16.04

The minimal change to /etc/default/grub was to replace

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

with

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="text"

then run

sudo update-grub

This gives small text (more info on the screen). You can uncomment GRUB_TERMINAL=console to have "normal" text mode (less memory used presumably).

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="text" doesn't seem to be indispensable.

That web page also describes

how to boot to text mode and eventually start up the graphic mode afterwards
how to set the default mode back to graphic

Booting into text mode can be interesting to leave free the maximum possible amount of video memory, for instance for Blender to GPU render animations in scenes with high resolution HDR environments, of course after using graphic mode and CPU render to setup the scene and create the animation (possibly checking it with OpenGL render to speed up the process).

I have no solution for the corrupted windows frames after suspend-resume, yet. The nvidia driver I'm using is still the most recent, apparently.

EDIT: that is now solved.

A software upgrade applied 2017-vi-02 included a new NVidia driver, 375.66, and new LibCuda version. Automated installation was straightforward, Blender and FlightGear still work perfectly fine, and I can now suspend and resume without having to kill gnome-session or logout and in again.

I only see "garbage" - meaning corrupted graphics - during a couple of seconds on resume on the left of the screen where the auto-hide launcher would appear by moving the mouse cursor there, but the "garbage" disappears without having to go anything.

(I'm still not using the "quiet" boot so I can't tell if the keyboard input of the hard drive encryption pass phrase would now work fine with it.)

Err... sorry I'm a newbie in ask ubuntu: now how do I close this... "issue"? Should I "accept" any answer here? THANKS A LOT AGAIN FOR ALL YOUR REPLIES.

EDIT: I selected this post as the one which carries the information which was most useful to me.


Linux copying to USB flash drive "No space left on device"

There are two ways to run out of space on a filesystem:
1)Actually running out of space for the data
2)Running out of some filesytem resource like inodes or
fat table entries.
Lots of little files may cause running out of inodes -- the filesystems
are built with a default number of inodes and that may not meet
your needs.  The FAT32 filesystem is limited to 64k files per directory
(max, long names will reduce that), so that will not work for you unless
you combine the small files with an archiver like tar before you copy them.
The archiver approach should work for any case, and will certainly reduce the
stress on the flash memory -- think of the number of writes the directory
block may get while being built, and hope the drivers are smart about buffering.
 Maybe you should put the same type of filesystem on the 16G stick
as you have on your hard drive? (I'm guessing ntfs, since its directory
limit is over 4 million).
 You can run mke2fs with switches to change the default inode size/number.
Run the manual pages

man mke2fs

for a full description.
  The other possibility is you are really running out of space for the data --
you know your files are only 4K, but ask yourself, how much space does the
filesystem allocate for them?  Check the free space left when the stick
says no more space -- free space indicates lack of inodes.  No free space,
well, there's always the archiver to fix that too.


Preseed Ubuntu 16.04 not working (preseed file not found)

After playing around with it for weeks I finally got it working. Since I found many open questions, I will answer my own to help others.

When does it work?

At first I wasn't sure how that preseed process would look like. When the file was picked up and what to expect if my preseed file was not complete or incorrect. So I first did a manual installation and wrote down all the questions which were asked. After preseeding I found out that some questions are no longer asked, but the failed questions were still asked. So after that I did trial and error to preseed them all

Server edition

I read on the web that you require the server edition of ubuntu, cause it won't work with the desktop edition. I'm not sure if that is true, but I just installed the server version and installed the desktop packages (gnome in my case) in the preseed files.

Boot options

Sometimes they talk about passing parameters through the boot options. I had no idea how to do that, but in the end it's quite simple. Just boot from the install medium and choose your installation language. Than hit f6 to open other options and the boot parameters will appear. Just hit esc to close the other options dialog.

I didn't like to type all those options into the boot options every time, so I modified the file \isolinux\isolinux.cfg (of my usb stick) and changed it into this:

# D-I config version 2.0
# search path for the c32 support libraries (libcom32, libutil etc.)
path
include menu.cfg
default vesamenu.c32
prompt 0
timeout 0
ui gfxboot bootlogo

 LABEL custom
 menu label ^Belle Custom Installation
 kernel /install/vmlinuz
 append file=/cdrom/preseed/my.seed debian-installer/language=en debian-installer/country=NL console-setup/ask_detect=false keyboard-configuration/layoutcode=us debian-installer/locale=en_US.UTF-8 localechooser/preferred-locale=en_US.UTF8 initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet --

When is preseed file loaded

I just placed my preseed file on the usb stick. The official documentation of ubuntu describes that the different preseed methods (file, network etc.) are loaded during different phases of the installation, but they don't describe when the file is loaded from the usb stick. This is done right after all the questions about keyboard, language etc. So you need to preseed those by the boot options.

Late command

One of the preseed questions (late command) allows you to run custom commands just before the installation finishes. Like many others I had trouble to get that working. In the end I ended up copying a script to the disk and modifying /etc/rc.local to let that script run during the first boot. I did this since I had all the commands available that I needed. Some commands are unfortunately available during that phase of the installation.

References

I took this info from a lot of other forums and guides. I don't remember them all, but to get you on the way:

Official ubuntu documentation (also has an example presee file): https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/installation-guide/armhf/apbs02.html
The official ubuntu server book (it describes it in more detail). This site has a part of the preseed topic online: http://searchitchannel.techtarget.com/feature/Performing-an-automated-Ubuntu-install-using-preseeding


Why encryption functionalities are not showing up in Disks utility

To create a LUKS encrypted drive or partition from the Disks (gnome-disk-utility) application:

In the Disks application, from the side bar, select the physical disk on which you want to create an encrypted partition.
Select the "Free Space" partition you want to encrypt.

If you do not have any empty partitions, you must make room for one by deleting an existing partition.  WARNING!: This will effectively delete all data on the partition.
Click the + icon to Create partition in unallocated space.
Adjust partition size (Default: max) and click NEXT
Make up a volume name.  Select: Internal disk for use with Linux systems only (Ext4) and check Password protect volume (LUKS) then click CREATE.
Set your password and click CREATE.

You now should have a LUKS encrypted partition.


Samsung ML-2165 - Are there any installation problems on 12.04 or 12.10?

On the product support page at samsung.com you see Linux is supported. However, that's a very user unfriendly runnable, so I recommend the The Samsung Unified Linux Driver Repository for installing with ease (package repository).

Should just work.


Run the system configuration once the system has been installed

changing IDE / USB changes HDD name

as IDE your HDD name is /dev/hdXY
as USB is /dev/sdXY

you need to boot from a live CD and chroot to your disk, change sd with hd in /etc/fstab

you need to update grub configuration

update-grub


How to change add read write permissions

Common issue. Your ntfs volume probably is not "clean", i.e., it has not been properly closed. That is commonly the case if, in Windows, you have fastboot enabled. Part of the measures used to speed up shutting down and booting up is that the file system is not fully closed. Not a problem for Windows because it is designed to work that way, but to another operating system, the file system appears faulty. By default, Ubuntu will mount such file system read only.
Resolution

Boot into Windows
In Windows, disable fast start.
Fully shut down Windows (i.e., no "sleep" or "hibernate" but a full close down).

In the future, you always need to have Windows fully shut down before you access the drive in Ubuntu. In Windows, have the drive now and then checked using the Windows disk checking tools.


Depending on what you checked at the beginning of the installation (download updates or not), the installation time may vary from 30 minutes to two hours approx, unless your internet connection is somewhat slow.


Got it figured out by follow instructions in this link:

apt install --reinstall libsodium18=1.0.8-5


Command to use all CPUs for (an already) running command

To parallelize a process it needs to be done from the start and the process must support parallel processing.
A way to speed up the process is to elevate the CPU priority a process have with the nice command https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nice_(Unix) and the priority can be changed with renice.


Ubuntu with Windows 10 on VMware or vice versa

In my opinion it's not a good option. Windows is quite resource intensive, you need reserve at least 8Gb RAM for VM.

Additionally it's just uncomfortable to use a virtual machine for user applications.

You can use Libre office and skype in Linux. They work stable enough.


Postgresql server not started in ubuntu 14.04

Just try to restart

sudo /etc/init.d/postgresql restart

this worked for me :)


No visual effects with Intel HD 3000 on Ubuntu 11.10, no compiz, no ubuntu-tweak etc

Log out, and click the gear next to your login name: choose Gnome instead of Ubuntu
Then Login
Then the extensions should show up & function properly now.


I don't know what to say if is the best way or not, but I used for calibration this small tool: luvcview - USB Video Class grabber (it doesn't matter if your camera is not on USB).

After you have installed luvcview, run it from terminal with these options:

luvcview -f yuv -l

See man luvcview for more options.


Rename files owned by user who runs the script

That find command looks familiar...

To narrow down the find command only to files owned only by a certain user, you can use the -user switch; to narrow it down only to files owned by the user running the script (i.e. e.g. if you're running the script using sudo only files owned by root will be matched), pass $USER as the argument to the -user switch:

find . -name "*string1*" -user "$USER" -ok rename -v -- 's/(.*)\/(.*)string1(.*)/$1\/beginning_$2string3$3/' {} \;

You could replace {} \; with {} + for a better performance:

find . -name "*string1*" -user "$USER" -ok rename -v -- 's/(.*)\/(.*)string1(.*)/$1\/beginning_$2string3$3/' {} +


Unpacked a tar...badly - now locked out of my own files!

do sudo chown $USER <path to file> in terminal to change yourself to its owner.

then do sudo chmod 755 <path to file> to change it to usual permissions.


Nautilus-Actions only show context option for file not folder

I found the answer myself, although I wasn't counting on it to work.

On Ubuntu folders have the 'mimetype' inode/directory, so filtering on this mimetype in nautilus-actions actually works.


Why doesn't Ubuntu on VMware recognize my wireless connection?

Your problem is that VMWare's "Automatic" default appears to be your LAN (wired) connection, instead of the wireless.

Change it explicitly from Edit --> Virtual Network Editor as shown below:


Can't choose what operating system I want to use

maybe it's on fast boot... here's an article about installing Ubuntu on newer computer with Windows 8 preinstalled

Here's the link.. Hope it'd help you!

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI


What is the best filesystem for my needs in 12.04?

I would say go with Ext4, since yours is a typical general-purpose mixed-use scenario. It's mature, well-tested, good performance, and has good tools and lots of self-support resources out there, on websites like AskUbuntu.com and UbuntuForums.com, if you every have any problems.


Installation type empty on 16.04 for a dual boot

It's due to the XPS's PCIE M2 drive configuration that is not recognised by the installer. I came across the same issue, in most cases this can be fixed by going to the BIOS (F2/F12 on boot up) and changing the SATA setting to AHCI. Save these changes and then reboot your Ubuntu boot drive and retry the install.

If the issue is still prevalent then see Dell's full guidance below:

  Add the following kernel argument at boot time: nvme_load=YES

Press 12 when you see the keyboard prompt:

Press Enter to select Language.
Press F6.
Press Esc.
Modify the boot option to add "nvme_load=YES" and remove "quiet splash ---"
Before:

After:

Press Enter.

  You will now see the nvme drive available in the installer:

Controller: Nvme0
Port: N1
Partition: Px


E:Type 'e' is not known on line 18 in source list /etc/apt/sources.list

First, make a backup of your sources.list file:
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup

Then, go to this site: http://repogen.simplylinux.ch/ and check the boxes for all the software repositories you want.  (I would use main, restricted, universe, multiverse, security, and updates).

Then, either copy and paste that file into your /etc/apt/sources.list file, overwriting it, or follow the cURL directions on that site (something like
curl http://repogen.simplylinux.ch/txt/sources_<some-giant-string>.txt | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list

It sounds like your sources.list file has a typo somewhere, and this should fix it.


How to install Octave 4.0.0 in Ubuntu 14.04

You have two options:

Use the octave ppa, which already has the 4.0 version. You can install octave like this:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:octave/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install octave

Download and compile the sources yourself:

sudo apt-get build-dep octave
wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/octave/octave-4.0.0.tar.gz
tar xf octave-4.0.0.tar.gz
cd octave-4.0.0/
./configure
make
sudo make install


How can I control the pan, tilt, lighting, and other features on a Logitech QuickCam Orbit/Sphere AF webcam?

Command-line use

To see a complete list of the possible settings for your webcam, do

uvcdynctrl -cv -d /dev/video2

Notice you need to specify the device to use, default=video0, but can also be video1, video2... In my computer for example is video2.

Pan camera

To the left:

uvcdynctrl -d /dev/video2 -s 'Pan (relative)' 1

To the right:

uvcdynctrl -d /dev/video2 -s 'Pan (relative)' -- -

To reset pan:

uvcdynctrl -d /dev/video2 -s 'Pan Reset' 0

And so on...

Graphical use

With viewer

guvcview

Without viewer of during use (with cheese for example)

guvcview -o


Problem Radeon VCE init (-22) error during Ubuntu 16.04 boot

I got the reason of above problem. This happens due to unwanted shutdown of laptop on battery low. So charge machine and try to boot with usb os and shutdown it after sometime keep in mind don't restart, only shutdown. And when next time you ON your machine, problem is solved.
This works for me.


It is something to do with an xorg lock file called .Xauthority that is stored in the user's home directory. Just log in via the terminal and then delete the lock file(s) (there were two in my case).

I think the problem arises when xorg does not close properly. You can check my other answer here


What Steps are needed to set up Apache2 to utilize multiple “cgi-bin”

Rather than put everything in one config file, consider having each of your domains in their own .conf file. This will allow you specify more than just which CGI-bin is used.
For example:

Site
Config File

example.com
/etc/apache2/sites-available/000-example-com.conf

secondary.com
/etc/apache2/sites-available/001-secondary-com.conf

tertiary.com
/etc/apache2/sites-available/002-tertiary-com.conf

default.com
/etc/apache2/sites-available/999-default-com.conf

You can enable (or disable) each of the sites with a2ensite, like:
sudo a2ensite 002-tertiary-com.conf`

This keeps everything separated and "clean". The 999-default is a "catch all" for Apache to use if web traffic goes to the server for a domain that is not explicitly defined. You can use a ServerAlias line in the .conf file to achieve this.
With this sort of setup, each of your .conf files might look something like this:
<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin your@mail.address
        DocumentRoot /var/www/example/public
        ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/

        ServerName example.com
        ServerAlias example.com *.example.com
        DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/example-error.log
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/example-access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

<Directory /var/www/example.com/public>
        Options FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride All

        Order Allow,Deny
        Allow From All
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
         Options +ExecCGI
         AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl
         Options FollowSymLinks
         Require all granted
</Directory>

Note: Be sure to replace the values for the site as you need, including the references to the different cgi-bin locations.
This should give you the specificity (and flexibility) you need to have multiple domains use different versions of software.


My case, this error message, when upgrade to 3.7 from 3.6 (ubuntu 18.04):

$ pwd
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages

$ sudo cp _dbus_bindings.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so _dbus_bindings.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so

$ sudo cp _dbus_glib_bindings.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so _dbus_glib_bindings.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so


Why is the official Ubuntu website only in English, when Ubuntu strives for being a multilingual OS?

The official website is in English. If you want it in your own language you can go to the local group (or LoCo). Here is a list: http://www.ubuntu.com/support/community/local-language

Ubuntu website in ...

Dutch: http://www.ubuntu-nl.org/
French: http://www.ubuntu-fr.org/
Japanese: http://www.ubuntulinux.jp/

These are also community driven so not official Canonical websites (though they are supported/acknowledged/endorsed on the official site).

Ubuntu official (I mean made and managed directly by Canonical) forums/websites always start with ubuntu- and ends with org except (very) few exceptions. They do not do one page by language but by country.


Compiz Grid/Put Not Working After Upgrading from 17.04 to 17.10

I switched to Unity and everything went back to normal.

sudo apt install unity

Then restart and at the login screen, click the settings gear icon and select "Unity".

My system was running terribly slow with GNOME and now it's speedy again as well.


Unity is disturbed after a partial upgrade

Yes, the PPA is likeley the cause of your problems, try this:

Restoring Unity after installing Gnome3


/usr/share/megacc is a directory, not a command. That's why you can't run it. But, you can go to that directory with the command

cd /usr/share/megacc

or just using

nautilus /usr/share/megacc

command in a terminal.

If you want to open the chm file there, you need to first install a chm reader. xchm is a good option. Install it with

sudo apt install xchm

The help chm file's name is Mega7.chm. If you want to read that manual, you need to do

xchm /usr/share/megacc/Mega7.chm

There are pdf documents and examples sets. Since you're going to use it, I recommend linking them in your home directory. You can do so by using these command in a terminal

ln -s /usr/share/megacc/Mega7.chm ~/
ln -s /usr/share/megacc/Examples ~/
ln -s /usr/share/megacc/MEGA7-CC-User-Manual.pdf ~/

Hope that helps.


How to Make Script Run Upon Root Login [Lubuntu]

Answer

After enough rampaging across the internet, I eventually found the answer, thanks to @Sopalajo de Arrierez.

Because of Stack Exchange's dumb newbie rules, I can't embed the picture in this answer, so I included a link instead. ^

Normally I would delete this question and move on with my life, but I spent WAY to long trying to find the answer to this, and I would rather not have someone else with the same problem go through the pain of finding the answer like I did.


How can I take a screenshot of a whole web page?

The GCLI no longer exists. See answer to duplicate question.

On recent versions of Firefox, there is no need for any plugins. This capability is built into the browser.

In Firefox, use Shift+F2 to open the in-browser CLI. This is a command-line interface at the bottom of the browser window which lets you do all kinds of awesome stuff. (I find the restart option particularly useful.)
Type screenshot --fullpage (this will autocomplete, so s Tab --f Tab will work; the autocomplete is shown by grey text ahead of the cursor).

That will save the screenshot as a PNG file to your downloads folder. By default, the filename includes the date and time. You can use a different filename if you wish, simply by passing it in on the CLI: screenshot --fullpage my_name.png.


This is only available in the Ultimate edition of IntelliJ, see: https://www.jetbrains.com/help/idea/php.html


Problem launching an application installed using wine

WineHQ entry for Lighshot

Please read the above entry and understand it doesn't work well with Wine. Anything below gold is a waste of time.


What firmware is my wireless card is using?

To find out the current firmware, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo lshw -c network

once the command runs look for the firmware version, under the Wireless interface.  See image below.


There is now a PPA so it's easy to install the program.

terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:aapo-rantalainen/rigsofrods
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rigsofrods

You'll then need to download terrain and vehicle packs from the RoR site.

source


Copy file via terminal with wildcard in command like cp /path/*.dat /dist/path/

Your syntax is okay:

cp /path/to/directory/of/file/*.dat /path/to/destination

But note make sure it's the only file with that .dat extension else all such files with that extension will be copied also.

Note:

If already in the folder and the destination is outside that folder then the command would be [note without the "/"]:

cp path/to/directory/of/file/*.dat /path/to/destination

#or simply

cp *.dat /path/to/destination

If already in the folder and both file and destination folder are in same folder location then the command would be [note without the "/" on both source and destination]:

cp path/to/directory/of/file/*.dat path/to/destination

#or simply

cp *.dat path/to/destination


Is it possible to get ota updates after making system rw?

You can add & modify files in RW mode, and then do an OTA update, yes.

However we never test this scenario, so if it doesn't work, or the files disappear, you'll probably need to cleanly re-flash the device to 'reset' back to a working state.


How do I make an application start only in XFCE?

Write the following script, replacing launch_app with the command that launches the application you want to launch at session start.

#!/bin/bash
if [ "$DESKTOP_SESSION" = "xfce" ]; then
    launch_app
fi

Give the script executable privileges with chmod +x, then tell your autostart configuration tool (not sure what XFCE uses) to use that script.

Should work.


How well supported is .NET on Ubuntu 14.04?

The new .Net on Linux you may have heard about is called .Net Core. It should be well supported, but it is a subset of .Net Framework, targeted primarily at web and cloud applications, and does not support WinForms (or any other UI library).

So, if you want to run a WinForms application on Linux, Mono is still your best option. Using that may work for you or it may not. Miguel de Icaza said in 2014 (and I assume nothing has changed since then):

  Mono has an implementaiton of Windows.Forms, but it is both old,
  unmaintainted and known to have some bugs.

  Some people have been able to use it effectively, but we do not currently
  have an active maintainer, so we encourage developers to pick something
  like Gtk# instead.


Support for WACOM Intuos Draw in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

I'm using my Wacom Intuos Draw for last couple of months with Ubuntu 16.04 LTS on Dell XPS 13. Except for scroll, rest works fine for me. I'm still looking for ways to make the scroll work.

Please note though my use case is mostly programming, so I have not used this with GIMP or any such applications at all


Broken packages and umet dependedncies in persistent live usb environment

So the errors weren't fixed, but I found a workaround. I downloaded a bunch of debian package installers, downloaded steam from website, and eventually one actually worked! Then the terminal opened up, automatically downloaded the dependencies, and installed the launcher. Now, the launcher is downloaded. Next, go back to synaptic and download the installer! It should work now. Hope this helps people with similar problems!


Why does window buttons appear twice in Chrome/Chromium?

If chromium is not maximized, it will show two sets of {minimize,maximize,close} buttons due to the way it's coded.


How about using fallocate, this tool allows us to preallocate space for a file (if the filesystem supports this feature).  For example, allocating 5GB of data to a file called 'example', one can do:

fallocate -l 5G example

This is much faster than dd, and will allocate the space very rapidly.


How to select the first line from each file in a directory and print it into a new text file

Use head:

head -n1 -q *.txt > new-file

-n1 tells head to extract the first line only.
-q tells head not to print the filename.

On OS X (and probably on some other *nix variants) the -q option is not supported by head. You need to remove the filenames yourself, e.g.

head -n1 *.txt | grep -v '==> ' > new-file

This only works if you know the output shouldn't contain the ==>  string. To be absolutely sure, use a loop (which will be much slower than running head just once):

for file in *.txt ; do
    head -n1 "$file"
done


external hard drive not detected UBUNTU 12.10

is the Hard Disk formatted with an MBR? some stock hard disks require formatting for use, but either way the driver should have been installed. if the disk came with a CD, use the cd to install the validation drivers. If it didnt, you may have a defective disk, or your memory controller is malfunctioning (most likely not but its still a scenerio). check with the manufacturer of your computer (Dell, HP, PowerPC ect) and ask for specs concerning how much physical memory the system can handle. Basic run through, check your device ports and drivers (and if the HDD has a power supply, make sure its plugged in).
references: I repair computer hardware and program software for over 8 years
Hope this helped you :)


How to discover partition name of /dev/sdxx?

Typing blkid in the terminal will show the labels along with other good info. Some of mine are not labeled.

$ blkid
/dev/sda1: LABEL="Windows RE tools" UUID="8222C2A122C29995" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="9a07eb60-62a1-4531-a6ea-332b76c5f25c"
/dev/sda2: LABEL="SYSTEM" UUID="04C5-0D79" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI system partition" PARTUUID="120686dc-3078-4c71-b9e9-602f70ae69b1"
/dev/sda4: LABEL="Windows" UUID="B60AEC350AEBEFF3" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="3d050941-d614-4139-a9d8-9be3afec194b"
/dev/sda5: UUID="261A4F451A4F10EB" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="9527964a-811b-4595-9d90-e105c0e7bfc6"
/dev/sda6: LABEL="Old_D" UUID="1e257c3b-a275-4b87-b6dc-bbfb945b8e5c" TYPE="ext4" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="55d4f90c-6da8-4650-aa37-744c0a338f2d"
/dev/sda7: LABEL="Recovery image" UUID="72D8CB52D8CB1371" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="81d7a341-55f3-4c4a-8409-fad88cbebaa5"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="0ca22edb-e6b0-412b-ad6e-00b2126b37c7" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="84e30647-bc14-4ca7-ba96-441ce8cd19de"
/dev/sdb2: UUID="adc97911-6d93-4094-8ec4-15cab05377e7" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="4df44d3e-e24c-4130-aa21-5f2a63cff165"
/dev/sdb3: LABEL="home" UUID="e98fac97-277b-4e8a-907a-0f1bf4f428e6" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="de2793a9-1046-4e88-ad4a-56b389519cf3"
/dev/sdc1: LABEL="Old_E" UUID="1f0d243f-9dcd-41e8-b9da-2f75b0e3c356" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="2203843a-8ddf-8c44-600c-fc025d375992"
/dev/sdc2: LABEL="Old_F" UUID="27b594c2-4392-45ba-9d0f-fd586189d886" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="846cb5b3-1c37-f49f-0b74-5ab5300bc914"

lsblk with options works too.

$ lsblk -o model,size,name,fstype,label,mountpoint
MODEL              SIZE NAME   FSTYPE LABEL            MOUNTPOINT
TOSHIBA DT01ACA1 931.5G sda
                   800M ├─sda1 ntfs   Windows RE tools
                   260M ├─sda2 vfat   SYSTEM           /boot/efi
                   128M ├─sda3
                 149.7G ├─sda4 ntfs   Windows
                   350M ├─sda5 ntfs
                 759.3G ├─sda6 ext4   Old_D            /media/Win-D
                    21G └─sda7 ntfs   Recovery image
WDC WD30EFRX-68E   2.7T sdb
                  73.2G ├─sdb1 ext4                    /
                  48.8G ├─sdb2 swap                    [SWAP]
                   2.6T └─sdb3 ext4   home             /home
Hitachi HDS5C404   3.7T sdc
                   1.7T ├─sdc1 ext4   Old_E            /media/Win-E
                     2T └─sdc2 ext4   Old_F            /media/Win-F
RAM GH95N         1024M sr0


Enable eth0 and pppoe connection at the same time in ubuntu

I have solved the problem. I am answering my own question for future reference.
Steps:
1. Connect DSL connection using network manager
2. Connect eth0 interface: sudo udhcpc -i eth0
3. To check current routing: route -n
4. Two interface introduce two default gateway. To access internet remove local  default gateway: sudo route del default gw 172.100.0.1 (for my network)
5. Add routing rule to access ftp servers(172.100.0.0/24 for my network): sudo route add -net 172.100.0.0/24 gw 172.100.0.1 eth0

After doing the above steps, eth0 and pppoe0 both should have IP address.


I had a similar problem with a 8GB flash drive and it turned out to be poor contact of the USB port on the stick. So I suggest before starting to mess around with the kernel you check to see if the contacts are clean. Also some times (on really cheap sticks) the plug contact is made of sub-standard material and tends to wear out causing slow transmission speeds. (I had the same problem with very cheap external hdd cables)


"Error getting authority: Error initializing authority: Could not connect: No such file or directory" when running gufw

UFW does not "know" what traffic you use a port for, so the only thing you have to do is enable traffic on port 443.
sudo ufw allow 443

If you want only TCP traffic you can even set
sudo ufw allow 443/tcp


h264 video does not play in Opera with Ubuntu 19.10

I solved this by installing the Opera browser from the snap store, so it can use Chromium codecs. In 19.10 Chromium can only be installed by snap. I found this solution on the Opera forums.


Error while installing phpmyadmin package in ubuntu 14.04

Because you don't give us anymore information …

All packages are in the Precise repositories:

php5gd
php5-mcrypt

You could install the packages separately:

sudo apt-get install php5-mcrypt
sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin

and maybe (because recommended)

sudo apt-get install php5-gd


Try installing the latest drivers for your video card:

1) Add the repo:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:glasen/intel-driver

2) update sources and packages

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

3) install the xserver-xorg-video-intel drivers

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-intel


Update manager won't install from un-authenticated sources

To update from unauthenticated sources, use this command :

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade --allow-unauthenticated

See the Ubuntu manual page for apt-get to get more details about --allow-unauthenticated option


Installing 18.04 on a preexisting Ubuntu 16.04 LVM setup

It sounds like it is unable to see the block devices at all.  Is the disk encrypted?
You would have to shrink your system first: probably make /home and / small.
Then you would create a new "root" (call it "root18") on which you'd install.
You ought to be able to share the same /boot.
Unfortunately, I'm here because it appears that the ubuntu18 install ISO won't let me pick an existing /boot to mount.


Transmission stops responding frequently / slowing down Ubuntu

The problem was actually in my fstab file, as can be seen in this question.


If you want to edit grub use next command in Terminal: gksu gedit /etc/default/grub. Or use Grub Customizer - a graphical grub2 settings manager.


Make screen yellow (read mode like in Xiaomi phone)

You can use some software like f.lux, you can install it by typing in terminal:

wget -c https://justgetflux.com/linux/xflux64.tgz
tar -xvzf xflux64.tgz
rm -rf xflux64.tgz
sudo cp xflux /usr/bin/
sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/xflux

Note: I supossed that you have a 64bit version.


Ubuntu 16.04 running very slow (system spec to blame?)

Your computer just has hardware with low performance. I don't think there's much you can do about it. You can however alleviate the situation by choosing a less resource-intense flavour of Ubuntu (or a different Linux distribution altogether). See How do I find out which flavour of Ubuntu is right for my hardware in terms of minimal system requirements?.


Ubuntu blkid check encryption of swap partition

On my 16.04.2 LTS:

w3@aardvark:~(1)$ grep swap /etc/fstab
# swap was on /dev/sda1 during installation
#UUID=339b7a56-3b67-47e8-87e1-f483296a39bd none            swap    sw              0       0
/dev/mapper/cryptswap1 none swap sw 0 0

w3@aardvark:~(0)$ mount | grep /home/$USER
/home/.ecryptfs/w3/.Private on /home/w3 type ecryptfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,ecryptfs_fnek_sig=e377cfa845240aa1,ecryptfs_sig=5fa903fe1f605483,ecryptfs_cipher=aes,ecryptfs_key_bytes=16,ecryptfs_unlink_sigs)

Lets me know that my swap is encrypted, and so is my home directory.

Look at your /etc/fstab, and read man fstab.


After spending a couple of hours trying everything...

I solved the issue in Ubuntu 18 downloading the .rpm package from here:
bcl2fastq2 Conversion Software v2.20 download

Then converting to a .deb package and installing:

sudo alien bcl2fastq2-v2.20.0.422-Linux-x86_64.rpm
sudo dpkg -i bcl2fastq2_0v2.20.0.422-2_amd64.deb


Completely uninstall XBMC from Ubuntu 12.04

the xbmc wiki says you should install it with the following commands:

sudo apt-get install python-software-properties pkg-config
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:team-xbmc
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install xbmc xbmc-standalone

and now, to completely Remove the program, try sudo apt-get purge xbmc xbmc-standalone.


Why does my external HDD unmount itself?

It sounds like you have a problem with your external HDD. It may not be the HDD itself - it may just be the enclosure failing. If possible, you should try either putting the drive in a different external enclosure or connecting it internally to a computer and see if it works.


Screen keeps freezing but cursor can still move.

This smells like a hardware problem to me. I'd first try reseating your video card. If you have onboard graphics or another graphics card, it might be worth trying them to see if you have the same problem.


Try to boot with Windows in live USB mode. Then go to repair This PC > Command Prompt.

Try to recreate MBR using the following link

https://neosmart.net/wiki/fix-mbr/amp/


Here are some steps to fix your problem:

Run cd ~/.wine/drive_c && gksudo nautilus "Program Files (x86)/Steam/SteamApps/common"
Type your password
Open the Blood Bowl folder
Search the folder for config.xml and open it
Set Shader to 0 and Fullscreen to 1

You can see the full fix here.


I don't understand where you got that but here's how you install it:

1) Add the ppa:

 $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:upubuntu-com/xampp

2) Update the repo index:

 $ sudo apt-get update

3) Install XAMPP:

 $ sudo apt-get install xampp

Have fun, comment below if you have any issues. I'd love to hep you if so.


Have you tried the main WebUpd8 PPA? To add it and install DockBarX, use the commands below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install dockbarx dockbarx-themes-extra

To also install the AWN applet, use:

sudo apt-get install awn-applet-dockbarx

Since DockBarX used to be a GNOME 2.3x panel applet which isn't available anymore in Ubuntu 11.10, I assume you either want to use it as an AWN applet (see above) or stand-alone. To use it as a stand-alone dock, press ALT + F2 and type: "dockx".


Goto System > Preferences > Display. Should show a window similar than the following:

Then you should drag one monitor to the other side.


Added this and it worked for me:

sudo ln -s /var/lib/wordpress/wp-content/uploads  /var/www/html/wordpress/wp-content/uploads


Probable server issue - unable to apt-get update

I can't see any problems in your (edited) answer. Try this

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
sudo apt-get install libpq-dev

And give me a comment. For all other readers, this is an answer in progress.


Ubuntu Server 12.10 not obtaining IP address until a user logs in

I've never seen more than one device named on an auto line before. This could be a dud suggestion but try this instead:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

And also check that it is eth0 and not eth1 or eth2. Probably nothing but it doesn't hurt to double-check.

$ ifconfig -a | grep eth
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff


Since the fonts through activities appear to you just fine, it seems like it is a problem of permissions. Check that the full path to your fonts is accessible to the groups and it is not only accessible by sudo rights (File/Folder rights -> http://www.macinstruct.com/node/415 ).

Long shot try opening Libre with sudo, and if the problem persists, try copying all the fonts onto the local font folder, which should be under the path ~/.local/share/fonts.


Is it safe to install the / partition on an SSD?

Your SSD was likely defective if it failed almost right away after you bought it. Generally speaking you don't need to do much to use an SSD, putting / on it and /home on your hard drive is a common configuration. See these questions for more information:

How do I optimize the OS for SSDs?
Is a 40GB SSD practical to use for ' / '


Give this a shot....

dconf reset -f /org/compiz/
setsid unity

Go ahead and logout and then log back in and run

unity --reset-icons


Use Synaptic Package Manager to install a package called iat.  If you don't have Synaptic installed, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo apt-get install synaptic

Once installed, open synaptic and search for iat, and install it. You can use it in terminal to convert between ISO 9660 format.

For more info see iat ManPage


Any way to automatically compress a .gif file?

ImageOptim uses Gifsicle for its Gif compression. As far as I know, it works quite well (I don't generally use Gif these days). From their site:

  Optimize your animations! This stores
  only the changed portion of each
  frame, and can radically shrink your
  GIFs. You can also use transparency to
  make them even smaller. Gifsicle’s
  optimizer is pretty powerful, and
  usually reduces animations to within a
  couple bytes of the best commercial
  optimizers.


sudo -s takes a long time to execute and prompts sudo: was not possible to resolve machine XXX

Maybe there is something wrong in your host file. You can read it by using.

cat /etc/hosts

EDIT: it has to match your /etc/hostname


Unsolved Mystery: "mountall: Disconnected from Plymouth"

Run:

jockey-text -cu

Then:

jockey-text -l

If there is any disabled software there just enable it. For example:

jockey-text -e xorg:fglrx

That fixed this for me.


It defeats the security model that's been in place for years. Applications are meant to be run with non-administrative security (or as mere mortals) so you have to elevate their privileges to modify the underlying system. For example, you wouldn't want that recent crash of Rhythmbox to wipe out your entire /usr directory due to a bug. Or that vulnerability that was just posted in ProFTPD to allow an attacker to gain a ROOT shell.

It's just good practice on any operating system to run your applications on a user level and leave administrative tasks to the root user, and only on a per-need basis.


How do I install GIMP 2.7 on ubuntu 11.10 64 bit?

Follow this guide:
Install GIMP 2.7.1 on Lucid Lynx using PPA

Good luck! :)


There's usually a wake on s4 option in bios. Turn it off. On all my computers, it's in the boot preferences. Just check which one makes the date and time that says 8:00 grey out our disappear.


Don't list all users at login with LightDM

You can do this by editing /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf The default contents are just:

[SeatDefaults]
greeter-session=unity-greeter
user-session=ubuntu

And you can just add:

greeter-hide-users=true

To that. For the full list of options, see /usr/share/doc/lightdm/lightdm.conf (or look at this post about lightdm conf).


From the comments...

open TCP port 2947 in your firewall
in terminal, edit /etc/default/gpsd

gksudo gedit /etc/default/gpsd
change DEVICES="" to DEVICES="/dev/ttyACM0"
save and quit gedit
sudo systemctl restart gpsd

gpsmon, cgps, and xgps will now work properly.


No Audio on Acer Chromebook 14 under Ubuntu 17.10

This is only a partial answer as I have not be able to get audio over hdmi to work, or test this except in a liveusb environment.

In a ubuntu 17.10 liveusb environment run pgrep alsa to verify alsa is not running. Copy the asound.state file from a galliumos braswell install to /var/lib/alsa/asound.state. Then force reload alsa.

pgrep alsa
sudo cp /media/ubuntu/UUID/var/lib/alsa/asound.state /var/lib/alsa/asound.state
sudo alsa force-reload

Once completed the speakers can be tested from the sound mixer. I have included here a copy of the asound.state as found on my instance of galliumos for reference. Alternatively you may be able to use a copy of the asound.state file from chromeos.

Once you have sound somewhat working running the following commands will instruct alsactl to attempt to initialize all devices to a default state. Then store the state and reload from that state.

alsactl init
sudo alsactl store --file /var/lib/alsa/asound.state
sudo alsa force-reload


Here is what I did, it might help someone looking for the same question.

I was using 18.04 LTS.

After enabling openconnect for network manager using,

sudo apt-get install network-manager-openconnect network-manager-openconnect-gnome

I opened the network settings and clicked the plus sign VPN section.

I entered the identity of my VPN e.g. XYZ VPN, and entered vpn url to the gateway e.g. vpn.xyzvpn.com

Add button appeared on top right. Added that Vpn. Then,

Then just turn your vpn ON and if the gateway you entered gets connected you'll be prompted for a Group, username and password. Enter your details there, and login info can be saved too for next use.


How change resolution screen of virtualbox?

Well it is as they say:

  VirtualBox does not provide Guest Additions for Mac OS X at this time. Virtual Box Manual

So any features of guest additions will not be available in the experimental support of Mac OS X by Virtual Box.


You need to open the sounds settings (small sound icon on top right probably), clisk on the settings tab, select the profile with HDMI. After, click on the output device tab and select the HDMI output if it is not already selected.


Problem when trying to open terminal in ubuntu 16.04

I already solved the problem. The problem was caused because I tried to install python 3.6. I could solve it with the following post: Gnome terminal will not start


To install extensions (.lua) the needed folder is ~/.local/share/vlc/lua/extensions/ for the current user and /usr/lib/vlc/lua/extensions/ for all users. I found about it here and here.

Once installed, they are to be found under 'View'

(I put them here for illustration, I do not recommend all of them.)

Skins are installed by going to Tools/Preferences(Ctrl-P) - Interface: 'Use custom skin', and select the skin file.

UPDATE

At least for the moment, very few VLSub extensions are really working and are worth trying; and, among these, most are not actively developed, as you can see here: the best is VLSub, probably the best tool around at the present for downloading subtitles - to the point that recent versions of the player have integrated that addon by default (but in VLC 2.2.2 that is outdated and has stopped working: see below).

VLC 2.2. has the capability to search and install extensions within it's settings, under Tools-Plugins and extensions:

Only it doesn't always install the latest version which is needed for the extension to really work, in which case download the script from the developer (for VLSub, here) and install it as indicated in the first part of this answer.

If the addons that come with the player need to be replaced, look for them in /usr/lib/vlc/lua/extensions/.


If you want to run a specific terminal emulator (e.g. xterm, konsole, gnome-terminal, etc.), just look for its command-line arguments.

For example, to run console utility htop in Konsole (KDE's default terminal), type:

konsole -e /bin/sh -c htop

(You may want to add --hold argument to prevent Konsole closing immediately after process stops.)

To be more detailed: the above command runs konsole which runs /bin/sh interpreter inside itself, and the interpreter runs htop command inside itself.

Arguments of most popular terminal emulators are pretty similar, try these:

xterm -e /bin/sh -c htop

lxterminal -e /bin/sh -c htop

xfce4-terminal -e "/bin/sh -c htop"


Gnome does not recognize shortcuts with Level_3 key symbols

edits after testing
after thinking for a bit and some testing I realized that the first two steps are not required here. They are only necessary to remap a function of a key as in the example in the arch wiki. Here only using the actions for your remaps will suffice.
...
    key <AE02> { symbols[Group1]= [               2,               NoSymbol,                                               FK02  ],
                 actions[Group1]= [      NoAction(),             NoAction(),   RedirectKey(keycode=<FK02>, clearmods=levelThree) ]
    };
...
    include "level3(ralt_switch)"

original answer
Adapting this arch wiki section but using Right Alt instead of caps lock seems to work.
i needed to modify 3 files:

include the following in /usr/share/X11/xkb/compat/complete (or writing your modifications in a new file and use include "custom_file" might be a better idea. I did it in the same file for simplicity)

default xkb_types "complete" {
    include "basic"
    include "mousekeys"
    include "pc"
    include "iso9995"
    include "level5"
    include "extra"
    include "numpad"

    type "CUST_ALT" {
        modifiers = Shift+LevelThree;
        map[None] = Level1;
        map[Shift] = Level2;
        map[LevelThree] = Level3;
        map[Shift+LevelThree] = Level3;
        level_name[Level1] = "Base";
        level_name[Level2] = "Shift";
        level_name[Level3] = "Level3";
   };

};

include the following in /usr/share/X11/xkb/compat/complete

default xkb_compatibility "complete" {
    include "basic"
    augment "iso9995"
    augment "mousekeys"
    augment "accessx(full)"
    augment "misc"
    augment "xfree86"
    augment "level5"
    augment "caps(caps_lock)"

   interpret ISO_Level3_Shift+Any {
        useModMapMods= level1;
        virtualModifier= LevelThree;
        action= SetMods(modifiers=LevelThree);
    };

};

finally include you remaps in your symbols file

...
...
    key <AE02> {
       type= "CUST_ALT",
       symbols[Group1]= [               2,               NoSymbol,               FK02  ],
       actions[Group1]= [      NoAction(),      NoAction(),   RedirectKey(keycode=<FK02>, clearmods=levelThree) ]
    };
...
...
    include "level3(ralt_switch)"
...

note: the NoSymbol means "do not overwrite this keymap", differently to VoidSymbol which overwrites the keymap with "VoidSymbol"
note2: make sure include "level3(ralt_switch)" is also inlcuded in your symbos file to map RightAlt as a third level modifier!


How do you repair an "input/output error" in an NTFS partition?

ntfsfix worked for me :

sudo ntfsfix /dev/sdb1

Provided in the ntfs-3g package.


VMWare Workstation Pro - vmmon not found

This error will appear when you start a VM on a system that boots from UEFI with secure boot enabled. Hosts with secure boot enabled will not allow loading of any unsigned drivers. As a result, the vmmon module is not loaded in the system and this is causing the error you see.
There are two ways to resolve the issue:

If you do not use Windows, disable "Secure Boot" in the BIOS.
If you do use Windows, sign the vmmon kernel module and complete the enrollment from the UEFI console.

If you choose to go with the second option, this is the process:

Generate a key pair using the openssl to sign vmmon and vmnet modules:
$ sudo openssl req -new -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout MOK.priv -outform DER -out MOK.der -nodes -days 36500 -subj "/CN=VMware/"

Replace MOK with the name of the file you want for the key.

Sign the modules using the generated key by running these commands:
$ sudo /usr/src/linux-headers-`uname -r`/scripts/sign-file sha256 ./MOK.priv ./MOK.der $(modinfo -n vmmon)
$ sudo /usr/src/linux-headers-`uname -r`/scripts/sign-file sha256 ./MOK.priv ./MOK.der $(modinfo -n vmnet)

Import the public key to the system's MOK list by running this command:
$ sudo mokutil --import MOK.der

Confirm a password for this MOK enrollment request.

Reboot your machine and complete the enrollment from the UEFI console.

Hope this helps


Ubuntu stuck in a login loop after editing profile file

Select recovery mode at the GRUB bootloader, and then it will give you a menu.

Select the dpkg menu item.

Say "Yes" when it asks you if you want to continue.

It will fix some stuff (or at least, try to). This might take a while, you can safely ignore most of the 'errors' there.

It will say

Finished, press enter

press enter, and then it will be in read/write mode
so you can then select root prompt, and edit your stuff, and then reboot.

Now, to add it to your $PATH, add the following to your ~/.profile.

PATH=/opt/jre1.7.0_04/:$PATH

and then log out, log back in and you should be good to go!


How to install debcargo in Ubuntu? It is in the Debian repositories, but not in Ubuntu

As it is available for Debian, then you can install it manually on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS which is based on bullseye.
Use commands below:
cd ~/Downloads
wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/d/dh-cargo/dh-cargo_24_all.deb
wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/r/rust-debcargo/debcargo_2.4.4-1_amd64.deb
wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/libg/libgit2/libgit2-1.1_1.1.0+dfsg.1-4_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install ./libgit2-1.1_1.1.0+dfsg.1-4_amd64.deb ./dh-cargo_24_all.deb ./debcargo_2.4.4-1_amd64.deb

and then start using debcargo.

If you prefer to use Ubuntu repositories - use package from -proposed pocket:
cd ~/Downloads
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/r/rust-debcargo/debcargo_2.4.2-1_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./debcargo_2.4.2-1_amd64.deb


If those streaming services use DRM, you must enable DRM in Firefox's settings: Preferences -> General -> Play DRM-controlled content You might also have to install package libavcodec-extra to get the codecs:
sudo apt install libavcodec-extra


Resized Primary Partition, Filesystem Size Not Updating

I think you may be confusing your partition mounted at /boot with your partition flagged as boot.

When you call

sudo resize2fs /dev/sda1

You are attempting to resize partition 1 (/dev/sda1)

According to your parted output, this is partition 1:

 1      1049kB  256MB  255MB   primary   ext2

which correctly outputs that it's already ~255MB long:

The filesystem is already 248832 (1k) blocks long.  Nothing to do!

I suspect that you meant partition 3, the partition flagged as boot:

 3      253GB   256GB  3146MB  primary   ext2         boot

Can you please try resizing that filesystem by doing this?

sudo resize2fs /dev/sda3


Where are MTP mounted devices located in the filesystem?

As you have already found out, the mountpoints are in /run/user/$USER/gvfs/ (or /var/run/user/$UID/gvfs) and are named after the protocol, connection type and address they use. Which makes things more difficult, because the connection address may change every time you replug the device, even if it is the same port. If you have the same device twice it gets even worse.

You can use lsusb to display all connected USB devices from terminal:

$ lsusb | grep Google   # Note: This is a Nexus 4, change accordingly
Bus 002 Device 025: ID 18d1:4ee2 Google Inc.

As you have noticed Nautilus also gives this information via tool tip. You will find the encoded form of e.g. mtp://[usb:002,025] in /run/user/$USER/gvfs (or /var/run/user/$UID/gvfs) as mtp:host=%5Busb%3A002%2C025%5D

Asker's edit: This seems to require a newer version of libmtp and/or gvfs than is available per default in 13.04. Run sudo add-apt-repository ppa:langdalepl/gvfs-mtp and update before doing anything else.

Edit: PPA not needed anymore in saucy/13.10 and newer, filenames are listed in terminal as they are in Nautilus.

Edit 2016-01-11: I removed the script that was previously included in this answer due to lack of time for maintenance and improvements. You can still find it in the revision history.


This may occur due to following reasons:

You are not logging into your user that you have created for Hadoop.
You have not specified the path for Hadoop home path all-together.
The Variable that you are using for storing hadoop home has a different name. for example : HADOOP_PREFIX.

Whatever the case is you can check your .profile or .bashrc file where you have specified HADOOP_HOME path.

This can be done by both Terminal or GUI:

I. By Terminal

Login in into your hadoop user by using $su - hduser (note: in my case user name is hduser)
Then open .profile file by using $vi .profile
get down to the bottom of the file and you will see your home path for hadoop.

alternatively,

open .bashrc file by using $sudo gedit .bashrc
scroll down to bottom and check your hadoop home path there.

II. By GUI

goto /home in your linux system.
there you will find user folder for hadoop in my case it was hduser.
there you will find .bashrc and .profile file. open them and confirm your path for hadoop home.


In your /etc/mysql/my.cnf file add these lines:

[mysqld]
port = xxxxx

Save it and then run:

sudo systemctl restart mysql


Just to humor me, before trying to install drivers from Epson, please try running the following command in a terminal:

sudo apt install printer-driver-escpr

and then try to add your printer through the graphical tools included with Ubuntu. This should work, because an official L800 driver from Epson is included in the OpenPrinting drivers (see http://www.openprinting.org/printer/Epson/Epson-L800 ).

(One commenter suggested selecting a connection type of "DNS/SD" and then "ESC/P-R" in the setup tool -- I don't know if this makes sense, and I'm not on an Ubuntu box to try it right now)

However, if that doesn't work, I have hard that you can manually download the "lsb-" packages from Wily manually from the following site: http://packages.ubuntu.com/wily/lsb and install them in Xenial, just to satisfy the official Epson driver installer package. Then go ahead and install the package that you downloaded directly from Epson.


You can install the "OOReader" free application on your iPhone. When you select an openoffice file from ubuntuone, it will give you the choice to use OOReader to open it: instead of clicking on "View", click on the arrow icon in the bottom right corner of the page then select "OOReader"


Help I haved no wireless sinced installing updates on 12.10

Module build for the currently running kernel was skipped since the
kernel source for this kernel does not seem to be installed.

This means that kernel headers are required but missing to build this driver. Please get a temporary wired ethernet connection and do:

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic
sudo apt-get install -reinstall bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo modprobe wl

You should be all set.


I moved id_rsa and now no programs can find it

You have for some reason named the file "is_rsa" instead of "id_rsa".

Also you should have copied the id_rsa.pub file, but you may be able to recover it from another host you have set up for password-free login.

Last time I did this I archived the .ssh folder instead.


With new kernel 4.13.0-43 on Xenial syslog is filling up with disk messages

The messages were caused because at some point in the past I had disabled the udisks2 service.  Sadly my system notes don't say why I did this; ISTR it was because of some problem I was having with an external USB drive.

It seems that the new kernel expects udisks2 to be running and takes advantage of something it provides, and complains via this error message if it doesn't work.

Enabling udisks2 and rebooting solved the problem.

I now wait to see why I disabled it in the first place, and resolve to keep better notes!


I am interested in dual booting window's 7 32-bit and ubuntu 12.04. How to do partitions?

There are many ways to do this, but following procedure should work:

install Windows 7
defrag internal hdd
reboot into Ubuntu livecd (cd or usb) - set the boot sequence to cd or usb before hdd in your bios
select Ubuntu install
select dual-boot with Windows 7
drag the hdd size bar to the middle (left region is for Windows 7 and right region is for Ubuntu)
if connected to the internet, select update and install proprietary check-boxes
proceed with installation which will update the MBR
reboot - default grub boot selection is Ubuntu (top) and Windows 7 will be displayed last (bottom)
when logged into Ubuntu, bring up a terminal (ctrl-alt-t) and run

sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
 sudo apt-get install -f

Good luck and have fun.


Need working gnome-shell configuration for docking laptop with an external monitor

Different laptop, but same problem. This is clunky, but having logged in on my laptop, I set the two displays to mirror each other and then sudo cp ~/.config/monitors.xml /var/lib/gdm3/.config/


NTM is a monitor for network and internet traffic.

To download, click here

Also check out ipac-ng


Difference between echo -e "" and echo $""

echo -e and echo $'...' are both similar in that they support the following escape sequences:

  \a     alert (bell)
  \b     backspace
  \e
  \E     an escape character
  \f     form feed
  \n     new line
  \r     carriage return
  \t     horizontal tab
  \v     vertical tab
  \\     backslash
  \0nnn  the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value nnn (zero to three octal digits)
  \xHH   the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value HH (one or two hex digits)
  \uHHHH the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value HHHH (one to four hex digits)
  \UHHHHHHHH
         the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value HHHHHHHH (one to eight hex digits)

They do have differences.  In addition to the above, echo -e supports:

  \c     suppress further output
  \0nnn  the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value nnn (zero to three octal digits)

By contrast, $'....' supports:

 \'     single quote
 \"     double quote
 \nnn   the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value nnn (one to three digits)
 \cx    a control-x character

Observe that, between the two, the \c extensions are incompatible:

$ echo -e  'start\n\cIstop'
start
$ echo  $'start\n\cIstop'
start
        stop

For echo -e above, \c suppresses further output, thereby ignoring the Istop.  By contrast, for $'...', the \cI is interpreted as a tab.

The visually-similar form: $"..."

By contrast with $'...', the function of $"..." is quite different.  It will cause the string it contains to be translated according to the current locale.

The echo -e controversy

echo -e is not universally supported by shells and many regard the -e option as a design mistake.  Observe:

$ ls
-e  -n
$ echo *
$ printf "%s\n" *
-e
-n

As you can see, if what you are printing with echo starts with a dash, the results can be unexpected.  Unless you are sure that the first string that you will print with echo does not start with a dash, you are likely better off using printf.

For these reasons, the POSIX standard concludes:

  New applications are encouraged to use printf instead of echo.

Chet Ramey, who has maintained bash for the last 22 years, agrees:

  [N]ew code should use printf.


The approach from hrzhu's answer still works:

Install lxappearance.
Run it and pick a working icon theme.
Note how the default, Adwaita, seems to be broken.
Restart Thunar.


Can I force empathy to open links in default browser?

I fixed the same issue on my Ubuntu installation by reading through @fluteflute's comment above in Bug #576734 (https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/empathy/+bug/576734).

Specifically this comment in the thread:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/empathy/+bug/576734/comments/4

hope it helps.


Dual Booting with Ubuntu (GParted Problem)

If you are attempting to modify an existing partition (for example, to shrink one in order to make room for another), you cannot if the partition is in use.  This is indicated by a key icon in gparted showing that the partition is locked.

For example, in the image below, /dev/sda2 and /dev/sda6 are locked.

You can work around this by booting your system using a live USB and then performing the desired gparted actions.

I strongly suggest that you have solid, tested backups of any data that you consider important before performing partition operations.


Change permissions for the file to tell to your system that the file is a runnable file.

By console:

chmod +x filename

Or right click on the file, properties, permissions.


You need to download the tor browser bundle. You can get it from here.

We will cd into that folder to which you downloaded the file. Assuming it is your Downloads directory, open a new terminal and type:

cd ~/Downloads

Now we extract the contents of the file:

tar -xvf tor-browser-linux64-*.tar.xz

It creates a new folder called tor-browser_en-US. We cd into this folder. This is important as the script to start tor browser should be executed with the present working directory as this folder:

cd tor-browser_en-US

Finally we start the browser:

./start-tor-browser.desktop

Or you could ignore the last two steps, browse to the folder tor-browser_en-US from the GUI and click on Start Tor Browser


Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04 do not work

By default, Ubuntu installs using a legacy BIOS type boot sequence, whereas Windows 8 is most likely booting via EFI. Try interrupting the bootup on your machine with the appropriate key (F10, F9, F12, F2, or whatever it is on your particular model of pc) and selecting the Windows boot loader there rather than letting GRUB take control. By the time GRUB loads, the boot sequence has come too far to boot Windows 8.


with the Autopilot, "Wait for SimpleStreams to sync an image" activity that stays "In progress" forever

The message

Wait for SimpleStreams to sync an image

indicates that Autopilot is downloading the most recent cloud images for Ubuntu to pre-load them into your new OpenStack cloud.

If this does not terminate, it is an indication that there is a network problem. Also, keep in mind that these images are not small, if your connection is not high bandwidth it may just take a while.


If you are using certain PPA(for example xorg-edgers); you'll have to run ppa-purge on it before you try and upgrade (roughly this means, if you have packages installed that don't meet the dependency resolution for the upgrade this can cause it too fail).

Further if you downloaded an updated 'deb' which has a version number that matches as more current than the package that will be released within 14.04 this can cause an unmatched dependency resolution. You'll need to actual post the log file associated with the failed upgrade (it should be stored here: /var/log/dist-upgrade/) main.log, apt.log and term.log are the first ones to be looked at.

Debugging Update Manager


Ubuntu software centre does not open after installing iTunes

If you want to remove iTunes and fix the Software Center:

Uninstall iTunes by deleting the ~/.playonlinux directory, in Terminal (may need to prepend sudo) rm -rf ~/.playonlinux
Restart your computer
Update your sources with sudo apt-get update
Try opening Software Center

Source for #1


PATH not working even after successfully modifying it

First, make sure that you're restarting your session.  Either by closing the terminal window, or logging completely out and back in.
Next, make sure you have actually modified the PATH with echo $PATH.
If you're not the aldin from the file's path (or even if you are), make sure you have permissions to see that directory and to execute that file.
Finally, make sure the command you are trying to run is actually marked with the execute permission. Something like chmod a+x /home/aldin/mybin/fasta-35.4.12/bin/file.sh should work.
Also, you are trying to modify the PATH in a very dangerous way. Instead try:
PATH="$PATH:$HOME/mybin/fasta-35.4.12/bin/"

NEVER (sometimes I wish there was a "super bold") modify the $PATH the way you are, always reference the current $PATH in there somewhere or you will overwrite, rather than, append to the existing entries in it.