Migrating to Natty (or any other future versions of ubuntu)

How do you save the configuration files of certain application like
for instance Thunderbird, Firefox?

To backup your apps data, you need to look in your Personal Folder for the .(hidden, press CONTROL + H to see them) folders. For example, Firefox (and other Mozilla apps) saves your personal data in a folder named .mozilla. Thunderbird does it using a folder named .thunderbird.
Others, Google Chrome/Chromium for example, use the .config folder, having a sub-folder there. (ex, .config/google-chrome)

To backup this settings, just copy the desired folders, just remember where they were before pasting them back.

When you copy an app folder, you copy ALL its preferences, history, databases, etc, so your bookmarks, extensions and other personal data are saved.

I have some applications like MATLAB and Maple (Based on JAVA) installed.
When I migrate, can I just copy the entire installation folder to the
new version of Ubuntu?

Yes, you can do that, but only with applications that were fully installed in that directory. Some apps install the main app in your home directory, but some libraries, or multimedia files (such as icons) in other folders. Be careful with this, the best is to reinstall, but you can use them.

*you should also check the compatibility, but they should work file

When doing a backup which folders should be backed up?

The most important folder is /etc, mostly because you may have modified a few files, like the Samba configuration, the SSH server configuration, the hosts file, and some other configuration that you may also have changed without knowing and would be better to keep rather than go back to the defaults ones (like the updates preferences, etc)

Other folders depends on what you have installed and/or modified (eg, XAMPP is installed on the /opt directory, and the configuration files reside in its own folder)

I have BURG installed. How can I do a backup of it?

I'm not exactly sure, i guess you can just backup the installed themes (if any). Reinstall in the new Ubuntu installation and restore. But again, it depends on what you have modified.

When I perform the clean install of ubuntu, would GRUB (bootloader)
be removed and in anyway jeopardize my windows installation?

No, GRUB is never removed, it may be upgraded, but this wont affect at all you Windows installation. Besides, remember you have BURG, which modifies GRUB's behavior

How do I make a backup of all my PPA and would they be compatible to the newer
version of ubuntu when I restore them?

The only way I know to do this is to manually backup all your .list located at /etc/apt

You should copy the sources.list and all the files located at /etc/apt/sources.list.d/

I hope to have answered all your questions. ;)


How to remap the context menu to another key in linux?

It's a little bit complicated but you can do it. Follow these steps:

Detect keycode

Run xev to detect the keycode:

xev | grep keycode

        state 0x0, keycode 36 (keysym 0xff0d, Return), same_screen YES,
        state 0x0, keycode 107 (keysym 0xff67, Menu), same_screen YES,
        state 0x0, keycode 64 (keysym 0xffe9, Alt_L), same_screen YES,

Press the key you want to reconfigure. The output in the terminal will show you the keycode (be careful, might have several).

Test mapping

Set new mapping temporarily, for me it's keycode 107:

xmodmap -e "keycode  107 = Return NoSymbol Return"

If the key behave as expected, you can save the config.

Save your config

Save your current keymap table to your $HOME, to override the defau:

xmodmap -pke > ~/.Xmodmap

Create or edit ~/.xinitrc to load your configuration:

$EDITOR ~/.xinitrc

Add following lines

if [ -f $HOME/.Xmodmap ]; then
        /usr/bin/xmodmap $HOME/.Xmodmap
fi

Enjoy

Most of the information above comes from ArchWiki article.


I'm trying to compile the latest kernel from source but I am getting an error

The kernel compiled and installed successfully, only the nvidia driver failed to compile, most probably because it is not compatible with that version of the kernel. If you want the nvidia driver with your new kernel, you will have to find and install a more recent version of it.


XPCOM error 0x80004005 with RTC 4.0.6 on Ubuntu 14.04 64 bit

The solution came finally but on pieces so I am not sure if one piece is only needed or all of them but I will list them all here.

Make sure you have a 64 bit version of Xulrunner. The version that worked with me is 1.9.2.13 and you can downland the file xulrunner-1.9.2.13.en-US.linux-x86_64.tar.bz2. extract it to /opt/ and this will create a new folder "/opt/xulrunner"
Add the following parameters in the eclipse.ini. I think from my trials that the first part only is enough. However, when it works I was not interested to continue to test it :). Please note that "/opt/xulrunner" is the folder path, not the application

-Dorg.eclipse.swt.browser.DefaultType=mozilla
-Dorg.eclipse.swt.browser.XULRunnerPath=/opt/xulrunner
The last item when I think it is mandatory and it is coming from this article. The crash is caused by a bug in the GTK theme, which is the default theme selection in Window->Preferences->General->Appearance.  To fix that you must change the theme selection from the default setting to the "Classic" setting


The package lm-sensors  might be what you are looking for.

And as you suggested fancontrol .

Be sure that all the fans that you are trying to control via software have the 4 pin connector.

"A PWM capable fan is usally connected to a 4-pin connector (pinout: Ground, +12V, sense, control)."source

When I run pwmconfig which is a part of fancontrol I get

/usr/sbin/pwmconfig: There are no pwm-capable sensor modules installed
It will guide you if you have compatible hardware.

Here are some scripts to use in conjunction with that generated config file.
I assume that you could set a higher value here.

label fan1 "Side Fan"
set fan1_min 1000
label fan2 "PSU Fan"
set fan2_min 1000
label fan5 "CPU Fan"
set fan5_min 1000

But as I said, I can't test this myself, since my hardware don't support it, I can control my fans from the bios, but it's a grade of 3. I use it for keeping my fan's slow and silent.


How Do I Get A Coffee Mug/Cup Icon To My Applets?

the application you are looking for is called caffeine (http://ubuntu-tweak.com/app/caffeine/)

depending on your ubuntu version you can install it using these commands

sudo -s
add-apt-repository ppa:caffeine-developers/ppa
apt-get update
apt-get install caffeine

there is no port to Ubuntu 12.10 though, so if you are using Ubuntu 12.10, you have to wait until the developer packed it for Quantal


how to find a specific process by pid in htop

Found this in htop manual:

  Numbers PID search: type in process ID and the selection highlight
  will be moved to it.

So you basically just type in the process PID in the main view without entering search and it will select the process of the entered PID.


Installing Ubuntu on Dell C400 without bootable USB or CD

Dell C400 and it has Windows XP. But, I just found out that the only cd rom this laptop will boot from is the one sold separately for the C400. It has a special cable too, it does not use the usb.  I found one on ebay.  So, if that drive boots, I will be installing Linux soon. The bios does allow for cd boot.


How can I merge PDF files without duplicating fonts?

Contrary to what you say, recent versions of Ghostscript have become quite efficient when it comes to merging multiple PDFs into a single one, and at the same time avoiding to embed an identical font multiple times.

Inputs

Here are the details about 3 input PDFs, which I'll merge into a single output:

for i in {1..3}; do pdffonts ${i}.pdf ; echo ; done

 name                       type              encoding         emb sub uni object ID
 -------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- ---------
 Helvetica                  Type 1C           WinAnsi          yes no  no       8  0

 name                       type              encoding         emb sub uni object ID
 -------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- ---------
 Helvetica                  Type 1C           WinAnsi          yes no  no       8  0

 name                       type              encoding         emb sub uni object ID
 -------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- ---------
 Helvetica                  Type 1C           WinAnsi          yes no  no       8  0

Merging

Now merge these three PDF input files with the help of pdftk.

pdftk 1.pdf 2.pdf 3.pdf cat output merged.pdf

Output

Now check the font status of the output merged.pdf:

pdffonts merged.pdf

 name                       type              encoding         emb sub uni object ID
 -------------------------- ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- ---------
 Helvetica                  Type 1C           WinAnsi          yes no  no       5  0
 Helvetica                  Type 1C           WinAnsi          yes no  no      14  0
 Helvetica                  Type 1C           WinAnsi          yes no  no      23  0

Ok, not yet there...

Optimize with Ghostscript

gs -o optim.pdf -sDEVICE=pdfwrite merged.pdf

 GPL Ghostscript GIT PRERELEASE 9.27 (2018-11-20)
 Copyright (C) 2018 Artifex Software, Inc.  All rights reserved.
 This software comes with NO WARRANTY: see the file PUBLIC for details.
 Processing pages 1 through 3.
 Page 1
 Page 2
 Page 3

Check font statuses and file sizes

ls -lh {1..3}.pdf merged.pdf optim.pdf

 -rw-r--r--  1 kurtpfeifle  staff    51K Dec 31 20:25 1.pdf
 -rw-r--r--  1 kurtpfeifle  staff    51K Dec 31 20:25 2.pdf
 -rw-r--r--  1 kurtpfeifle  staff    51K Dec 31 20:25 3.pdf
 -rw-r--r--  1 kurtpfeifle  staff   147K Dec 31 20:32 merged.pdf
 -rw-r--r--  1 kurtpfeifle  staff   7.5K Dec 31 20:34 optim.pdf

Conclusion

I tested this with Ghostscript v9.25.

If this doesn't work for you, you'll need to...

...tell us the version of Ghostscript you are using;
...provide a link to (some of) your input PDFs for more detailed analysis.

I'm aware that this answer does not provide you with a solution that meets exactly your license requirements. -- But your false statement about Ghostscript prompted me to give this answer anyway, so other people interested in this topic can still benefit from it...


forgot my password which is needed for installation

You need to reboot to recovery mode. At very first boot time hold Shift key, boot to recovery in grub menu, choose "drop to root shell", type in shell prompt:

mount -o remount,rw /

passwd yourusername
You will be asked for new password.
Then reboot and have fun.


How to deal with "not installable" dependencies?

Most probably, you haven't enabled the universe repository of Ubuntu, as unity-singlet is located there and not available in the main repository.

Check your settings in 'Software Sources' or modify you /etc/apt/sources.list accordingly in order to enable 'universe'.


Reduce boot time to disk decryption prompt?

Delay at #5 above includes GRUB_TIMEOUT of 10 sec, even though GRUB_TIMEOUT is set to 0 in /etc/default/grub. This behavior has been documented here and in a number of other threads. Problem was fixed for me by setting GRUB_TIMEOUT to 1 in /etc/default/grub, then running sudo update-grub. This reduces the delay from GRUB start to disk decryption prompt from ~16 sec to ~7 sec.
Further reduction in boot time would probably require tinkering with BIOS settings, kernel module loading, etc. But I'm happy for now.


To install curl, run:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install curl

Or you could use wget instead, but I'm not sure what the equivalent options would be.


If I want to control the mouse cursor using Python, should I look into docs for GNOME or X?

There's an example using Xlib via ctypes.cdll in this ubuntuforums.org thread. The sequence of calls is LoadLibrary, XOpenDisplay, XDefaultRootWindow, XWarpPointer, XCloseDisplay.


You should use the replacement python package to be able to register ondrej's PPA

sudo apt install software-properties-common

Installing the package

Then register the PPA

add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

Now you can install your PHP packages

sudo apt-get install php7.2 php7.2-fpm php7.2-cli php7.2-xml php7.2-mysql

Check your available versions

update-alternatives --list php

And switch to it

sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php7.2

Everything is working now


What's the minimum disk space requirement for Ubuntu Server?

Its depends on the Ubuntu release, 1GB is ok for 12.04 but not 14.04 with all tasks installed.

For 14.04, The official recommendation is 1.75 GB.

Sources:

Ubuntu 14.04 Server Guide
Ubuntu 12.04 Server Guide


Can't get any of the OSs to boot after installing ubuntu

Your first mistake was installing Linux in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. The advice to do this is being spread wide and far, but it's BAD ADVICE!!!! At best it's a necessary but temporary workaround on a handful of very buggy computers, or can be a way to simplify a Linux-only setup; but when dual-booting with Windows 8, it's more likely to create extra work, and can lead to problems like the one you're experiencing.

What I recommend you do is the following:

Update your computer's firmware to the latest version. This sometimes fixes bugs that can contribute to the sort of problem you've got. (If you can't update because the only way to do so requires booting Windows or because an update isn't available, you'll have to skip this step.)
Using any computer that works, download and prepare a USB flash drive or CD-R with my rEFInd boot manager. (That page has download links for ready-made images for both types of media.)
Enter your firmware setup utility and ensure that:

Secure Boot is disabled
BIOS/CSM/legacy mode is disabled (and EFI/UEFI support is enabled, if your firmware phrases it that way)

Boot using the rEFInd medium. It should present various options for booting both Windows and Linux. Test them all and ensure that you can boot both OSes.
If you can boot both OSes from rEFInd, install the Debian package version in Ubuntu.

With any luck, you'll now be able to boot both OSes via rEFInd, without using the CD-R or USB flash drive. If the firmware continues to insist that the computer isn't bootable, though, post back with details. It may be possible to work around the problem in one way or another, but if the above procedure doesn't work, you're almost certainly into bad-firmware-bug territory, which can be difficult to traverse. If the computer is new, I'd seriously consider replacing it in that case.

Even if the above procedure works, you may end up with duplicate boot entries. Those can be dealt with in various ways:

You can use Boot Repair's Advanced options screen to undo its backup/rename operation, which causes a duplicate Windows entry, one of which boots to GRUB.
If you're sure you don't want to use a boot loader ever again, you can delete it from /boot/efi/EFI/{somename}.
If you want to unclutter an entry but keep the boot loader itself available, you can use the dont_scan_volumes, dont_scan_dirs, or dont_scan_files option in /boot/efi/EFI/refind/refind.conf to hide a partition, directory, or file.

Note that you're likely to have at least three Linux entries: One will launch GRUB and two others will launch Linux directly. It's best to keep them all around because they can provide alternative ways of booting in case one fails in the future. The direct-boot entries each boots its own kernel, so you can choose which kernel to boot (much as you can from GRUB).


Change keyboard layout for a specific input in Ubuntu 13.10

The Vietnamese seems to have only one layout you can create new custom one as "Vietnamese (qwerty)"

See Howto: Custom keyboard layout definitions

You can use Vietnamese layout as a template.


How to prevent launcher from influencing window placement?

If you want all your windows to be initially placed in the top left corner, the follow settings in ccsm > Place Windows makes it work for me: in the fixed window placement tab, add an entry for Windows with fixed positions and set the type to any, x to -1, y to 48 and untick keep in workarea. It's quite a hack and the window is 1px off screen (which you'll hardly notice).

I usually use the ccsm Grid plugin to place my windows, since I normally want them side-by-side anyway i.e. Alt-Kp-4 for left tile, Alt-Kp-6 for right tile etc. Grid ignores the launcher if set to auto-hide.


Are you sure that you installing mysql, because the screen says phpmyadmin. Which command do you use to install mysql?

sudo apt-get install mysql

you can have look at

/var/log/apt/term.log

there might be more information about the error


It's not completely clear if you are on a client or on the server so let me try to distinguish.

If you ssh from another machine then input from keystrokes are handled by your SSH terminal application on the client machine, not by anything on the server.

So would be enough to change the keymap on client side like i.e. here.

If Ipad does not allow it I'm afraid you should use another remote terminal or relay on the application you use to remap the keys (if possible). here a quick how-to for vim, emacs has something similar.

For the rest of the answer I'll assume you are logged "on Ubuntu Snap server" not remotely.

There are 2 ways to achieve the same:

through loadkeys (requires console-data to be installed)

dump the layout of your keyboard:

    # dumpkeys >modified.kmap

Modify the layout as needed:

    # in your case you should substitute in the modified.kmap
    #a not elegant way would be to add at the end of the file:
    keycode 1 = Caps_Lock
    keycode 58 = Escape

Apply changes

    # loadkeys ./modified.kmap

Check changes are in place:

    # dumpkeys |grep "Escape"
    [...]
    keycode  58 = Escape
    # dumpkeys |grep "Caps_Lock"
    keycode   1 = Caps_Lock

through a trick with /etc/default/keyboard

Add the following to your layout in /etc/default/keyboard

   XKBOPTIONS="caps:swapescape"

Reconfigure the keyboard through dpkg NB keeping the options (this has to be done also in case your layout is already the correct one)

   # dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration

answer yes when you are asked Keep current keyboard options in the configuration file?

Let me know if this was useful.


A quick look your says that you are to choose between Scribus and LibreOffice Write/Draw. If those don't cut it, you may want to look into making a Windows virtual machine for Publisher.


UEFI setup has NO keyboard or mouse, how to recover

SOLVED Cleared CMOS and keys/mouse came back in UEFI setup! Aparently the UEFI software in my ASROCK J3455M motherboard can "BRICK" itself by forcing ignoring even the CD/DVD. Now I have to proceed, carefully, to get a useable boot setup! P.S. found solution because with CD/DVD and all drives disconnected from SATA the problem remained so short of "self flashing" the only stored memory was CMOS.


Yes, you can. I actually did that very recently. Here's how I did it.

I connected the drive that I wanted to install Ubuntu onto. I then created a rawvmdk image so that I could give direct access to the disk to a VirtualBox guest. I then mounted a CD image on that guest, using the rawvmdk disk image as harddisk. I then simply booted the guest and installed Ubuntu as usual. I could then remove the old disk and boot from the new one.

Please note that this must be done correctly, and if you do something wrong, you could potentially ruin your running system. Pay attention.

Make sure you have the correct device name for the harddisk you want to install on, such as /dev/sdb
Open a terminal and run this command, again assuming your disk is actually /dev/sdb: sudo VBoxManage internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename /root/rawdisk.vmdk
  -rawdisk /dev/sdb
Run VirtualBox as root (you'll need to do that in order to access the raw disk)
When creating the new virtual machine, you'll be asked to choose a harddisk. Select "Use an existing virtual harddrive file" and choose the /root/rawdisk.vmdk from the previous step.
Run the guest and install Ubuntu as usual.


Test to see if a port on a network is open?

What I was looking for was nmap. It lets me scan a network by just running nmap -A <IP of router or website> where you then wait up to like 30 seconds and you get an output like

$ nmap -A askubuntu.com

Starting Nmap 7.01 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2017-12-27 21:22 EST
Nmap scan report for askubuntu.com (151.101.1.69)
Host is up (0.017s latency).
Other addresses for askubuntu.com (not scanned): 151.101.65.69
151.101.129.69 151.101.193.69
Not shown: 998 filtered ports
PORT    STATE SERVICE        VERSION
80/tcp  open  http-proxy     Varnish
|_http-server-header: Varnish
|_http-title: Did not follow redirect to https://askubuntu.com/
443/tcp open  ssl/http-proxy Varnish
| http-robots.txt: 77 disallowed entries (15 shown)
| /posts/ /posts? /amzn/click/ /questions/ask/
| /questions/ask? /search/ /search? /feeds/ /feeds? /users/login/
| /users/login? /users/logout/ /users/logout? /users/filter/
|_/users/filter?
|_http-server-header: Varnish
|_http-title: Ask Ubuntu
| ssl-cert: Subject:
commonName=*.stackexchange.com/organizationName=Stack Exchange,
Inc./stateOrProvinceName=NY/countryName=US
| Not valid before: 2016-05-21T00:00:00
|_Not valid after:  2019-08-14T12:00:00
|_ssl-date: TLS randomness does not represent time

Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at
https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 20.62 seconds

This is what I needed, so thanks me!


How can I access the BIOS Wireless SubMenu after pressing ENTER?

Not sure what you are trying to achieve. Have you turned the wireless device on in BIOS.
There is a detailed guide on how to do this by Lenovo here https://support.lenovo.com/gb/en/documents/ht071417

If the device is correctly enabled then it is likely an issue with the driver. There are several suggestions on diagnosing the issue here: How can I check the information of currently installed WiFi drivers?


Somehow the clear command was missing.

To check if ncurses-bin installation state: apt-cache policy ncurses-bin.

In this case reinstall might cure the problem: apt-get install --reinstall ncurses-bin


How to configure lxc container to have two ethernet devices - macvlan and bridge?

I had a similar problem with KVM/libvirt, and the following LXD advice was helpful to me:
https://lxd.readthedocs.io/en/latest/faq/#networking-issues

make sure the host network configuration is handled by network-manager, not by netplan.

  important thing is to set stp: false, otherwise the bridge will sit in learning state for up to 10 seconds, which is longer than most DHCP requests last. As there is no possibility of cross-connecting and causing loops, this is safe to do.


Is there a script (or software) to open an application window on a specific viewport and position?

It can be done very well, but you need some understanding on Unity/viewports. I hope the story below is understandable, if not, please leave a comment.

The script below can be used to open a window of any application on any of your viewports, on any position, if you run it with the right arguments. The script is an edited version of this one, but now prepared to place windows on the spanning virtual desktop.

1. Understanding viewports and window coordinates

Workspaces in Unity

In Unity, unlike other window managers, you actually only have one spanning workspace, which is divided into viewports. In your case, your workspace is divided into eight viewports.

How the position of the windows is defined

The window position, as the output of the command:

wmctrl -lG
(you need to have wmctrl installed to run the command)

is described as the position, relative to the upper left corner of the current viewport:

So if you are on viewport 1:
a window on viewport 2 to could be positioned on e.g. 1700 (x-wise) x 500 (y-wise)
(my screen is 1680x1050)

However, if you are on viewport 6:
the same window would be positioned on 20 (x), -550 (y)

Using these coordinates correctly is important to run the script with the right arguments, as described below:

2. How to use the script

The script below can be used to place a new window of an application on your virtual (spanning) workspace.

Make sure wmctrl is installed:

sudo apt-get install wmctrl

Copy the script below into an empty file, save it as setwindow (no extension) in ~/bin. Create the directory if it doesn't exist yet. Make the script executable.
If you just created ~/bin, either run the command source ~/.profile or log out/in to make the directory available in $PATH.
Test run the command:

setwindow <application> <x_position> <y_position> <horizontal_size> <vertical_size>

e.g.

setwindow gedit 100 100 200 200

A gedit window should show up on the current viewport.

Notes:

Keep in mind that not all applications allow window sizes below a certain width or height. The minimum width of a gedit window on my system is e.g. appr. 470 px.
The script only works fine if the whole window fits on the targeted viewport, choose your coordinates/sizes accordingly. Also mind that the Unity Launcher and the panel use some space (!) which can influence the position of the window.
Use negative <x_position> to place windows on the left of the current viewport(s)
Use negative <y_position> to place windows above the current viewport(s)
To open new windows on different viewports at once, you can simply chain commands. Looking at the viewport setup in the "Long story" example, If I am on viewport 1, I can open gedit windows on viewport 1, 2, 3 and 4 with the command:

setwindow gedit 100 100 200 200&&setwindow gedit 1780 100 200 200&&setwindow gedit 3460 100 200 200&&setwindow gedit 5140 100 200 200

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import time
import sys

app = sys.argv[1]

get = lambda x: subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c", x]).decode("utf-8")
ws1 = get("wmctrl -lp"); t = 0
subprocess.Popen(["/bin/bash", "-c", app])
# fix exception for Chrome (command = google-chrome-stable, but processname = chrome)
app = "chrome" if "chrome" in app else app
while t < 30:
    ws2 = [w.split()[0:3] for w in get("wmctrl -lp").splitlines() if not w in ws1]
    procs = [[(p, w[0]) for p in get("ps -e ww").splitlines() \
              if app in p and w[2] in p] for w in ws2]
    if len(procs) > 0:
        w_id = procs[0][0][1]
        cmd1 = "wmctrl -ir "+w_id+" -b remove,maximized_horz"
        cmd2 = "wmctrl -ir "+w_id+" -b remove,maximized_vert"
        cmd3 = "wmctrl -ir "+procs[0][0][1]+" -e 0,"+sys.argv[2]+","+sys.argv[3]+","+sys.argv[4]+","+sys.argv[5]
        for cmd in [cmd1, cmd2, cmd3]:
            subprocess.call(["/bin/bash", "-c", cmd])
        break
    time.sleep(0.5)
    t = t+1

EDIT: the lazy version

In case you'd prefer to just enter coordinates and size, simply as if you would open a window on the current viewport, and give the targeted viewport as an argument (without having to calculate anything), then use the version below...

If you set it up like the first version of the script, you can run it with the command:

setwindow <application> <x_position> <y_position> <horizontal_size> <vertical_size> <targeted_viewport>

An example: to open a Google-Chrome window positioned on 20, 20, size 300x300, on viewport 5:

setwindow google-chrome 20 20 300 300 5

The setup is pretty much the same as the first version of the script.
Note that also this script only works correctly if the defined window (position/size) fits completely within the targeted viewport.

The script:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import time
import sys

app = sys.argv[1]
target_vp = int(sys.argv[6])

def get_res():
    # get resolution
    xr = subprocess.check_output(["xrandr"]).decode("utf-8").split()
    pos = xr.index("current")
    return [int(xr[pos+1]), int(xr[pos+3].replace(",", "") )]

res = get_res()

def current(set_vp):
    # get the current viewport
    vp_data = subprocess.check_output(
        ["wmctrl", "-d"]
        ).decode("utf-8").split()
    dt = [int(n) for n in vp_data[3].split("x")]
    cols = int(dt[0]/res[0])
    rows = int(dt[1]/res[1])
    curr_vpdata = [int(n) for n in vp_data[5].split(",")]
    curr_col = int(curr_vpdata[0]/res[0])
    curr_row = int(curr_vpdata[1]/res[1])
    curr_vp = curr_col+curr_row*cols+1
    # calculate the vector to the origin from the current viewport (in resolution units)
    vec_curr = vector(curr_vp, cols)
    # calculate the vector to the origin from the targeted viewport
    vec_set = vector(set_vp, cols)
    # calculate the vector between current and targeted viewport
    vec_relative = [vec_set[0] - vec_curr[0],
                    vec_set[1] - vec_curr[1]]
    # calculate needed correction (absolute)
    relative = [vec_relative[0]*res[0],
                vec_relative[1]*res[1]]
    return relative

def vector(vp, cols):
    rem = vp%cols
    vec_x = rem-1 if rem != 0 else cols-1
    vec_y = int((vp-1)/cols)
    return [vec_x, vec_y]

res = get_res() # nieuw
get = lambda x: subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c", x]).decode("utf-8")
ws1 = get("wmctrl -lp"); t = 0
# check for additional arguments to run the application
try:
    subprocess.Popen(["/bin/bash", "-c", app+" "+sys.argv[7]])
except IndexError:
    subprocess.Popen(["/bin/bash", "-c", app])

# fix exception for Chrome (command = google-chrome-stable, but processname = chrome)
app = "chrome" if "chrome" in app else app
while t < 30:
    ws2 = [w.split()[0:3] for w in get("wmctrl -lp").splitlines() if not w in ws1]
    procs = [[(p, w[0]) for p in get("ps -e ww").splitlines() \
              if app in p and w[2] in p] for w in ws2]
    if len(procs) > 0:
        w_id = procs[0][0][1]
        cmd1 = "wmctrl -ir "+w_id+" -b remove,maximized_horz"
        cmd2 = "wmctrl -ir "+w_id+" -b remove,maximized_vert"
        # calculate the correction, related to the current workspace, marge for launcher and panel
        pos_x = int(sys.argv[2]); pos_y = int(sys.argv[3]); x_marge = 65; y_marge = 35
        pos_x = pos_x if pos_x > x_marge else x_marge; pos_y = pos_y if pos_y > y_marge else y_marge
        x_relative = pos_x+current(target_vp)[0]
        y_relative = pos_y+current(target_vp)[1]
        # correct possible inaccurately set width / height
        x_size = res[0]; y_size = res[1]
        set_width = int(sys.argv[4]); set_height = int(sys.argv[5])
        width = set_width if set_width+x_marge+pos_x < x_size else x_size - pos_x - x_marge
        height = set_height if set_height+y_marge+pos_y < y_size else y_size - pos_y - y_marge
        cmd3 = "wmctrl -ir "+w_id+" -e 0,"+str(x_relative)+","+str(y_relative)+","+str(width)+","+str(height)
        for cmd in [cmd1, cmd2, cmd3]:
            subprocess.call(["/bin/bash", "-c", cmd])
        break
    time.sleep(0.5)
    t = t+1

Opening application windows with arguments

To finish the job, answering your question completely:

If you run the script as e.g.:

setwindow google-chrome 20 20 300 300 5

it will open a default window on the targeted desktop(s).
With the latest version of the script however, you can add an additional argument to open the application window, for example a url:

setwindow <application> <x_position> <y_position> <horizontal_size> <vertical_size> <targeted_viewport> <(optional)_argument>

e.g.:

setwindow google-chrome 0 0 600 600 3 "--new-window http://askubuntu.com"

If the (extra) argument contains spaces, use quotes. The above example will open agoogle-chrome window on viewport 3, opening the url http://askubuntu.com.

You can chain commands to open multiple windows/urls on different workspaces in one command, e.g.:

setwindow google-chrome 0 0 600 600 8 "--new-window http://askubuntu.com"&&setwindow google-chrome 0 0 600 600 7 "--new-window www.google.com"


Give PulseAudio equalizer a try !

  PulseAudio Equalizer provides a 15 band equalizer interface for the LADSPA sound processing functionality of PulseAudio. It supports enabling or disabling equalized audio on-the-fly, comes with some built-in presets (based on VLC's built-in equalizer), supports saving your own custom presets for later use, can be used for the current session only or permanently, etc.

To install, open terminal and run below command :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pulseaudio-equalizer

Image taken from webupd8.org


You could try if fancontrol works for you:
Installation:
sudo apt-get install fancontrol

Configuration:
sudo pwmconfig

Here you can find and select the fan you want to control and the sensor that should be used to measure the temperature.
If fancontrol works for you you should enable it with this:
sudo systemctl enable fancontrol

fancontrol is sometimes tricky (at least on thinkpad in my experience) but give it a try!
BTW (you didn't ask but I'll tell you anyway ;-))
For monitoring temperatures and fan speed I use lm-sensors with psensor:
Installation and configuration:
sudo apt-get install lm-sensors psensor
sudo sensors-detect
sudo service kmod start

sensors-detect will ask you for all sensors that are found if you want to use them. Go for the default, except in the last step when it asks you
Do you want to add these lines automatically to /etc/modules? (yes/NO)

type in yes and press ENTER. Good luck!


You're headed down the wrong path. Fundamentally, you need to understand that most modern computers support two entirely different and incompatible ways of booting:

BIOS mode -- This is the old method of booting, which uses (typically) the Master Boot Record (MBR) partitioning system and boot code that's stored in the first sector of the disk (aka the MBR). Old computers used BIOSes, but new ones support this mode through a feature called the Compatibility Support Module (CSM), aka "legacy mode support" or a similar term.
EFI mode -- This is the new method of booting, which typically uses a GUID Partition Table (GPT) on the disk and boot code stored as a file in the EFI System Partition (ESP). The EFI is a replacement for the BIOS, but many people and manufacturers continue to use the term "BIOS" in reference to EFIs, which is misleading. Also, know that the Unified EFI (UEFI) is EFI version 2.x; most new computers are actually UEFI-based, but Macs continue to use EFI 1.1.

Based on your symptoms, it sounds like you've got Linux installed in BIOS mode, but you've booted your Windows installation medium in EFI mode, so it's complaining that the disk uses MBR rather than GPT. (Note that MBR and GPT are both systems for partitioning the entire disk, so all the disk's partitions will be MBR or all will be GPT.) The solution to this problem is to figure out how to get the Windows installation disk to boot in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. Forcing one boot mode or another can be tricky, and details vary from one computer to another. Typically, you'll need to enter the computer's built-in boot manager and select the entry for the boot medium that does not include the string "UEFI."

An alternative to this would be to convert from MBR to GPT partitioning by using gdisk on the disk, install Windows in EFI mode, and then install an EFI-mode boot loader for Linux. This approach has the advantage that it's usually possible to disable the CSM in an EFI, which simplifies the boot process; however, it will be more work up front to do all this.


How do I change the screen brightness in Ubuntu?

The two last lines (/sys/video) seems more relevqnt than the rest.
Have you seen the answer on That post? using xrandr to find your target screen then xrandr --output eDP1 --brightness .4 to set the brightness. is that working for you?


:) ok than you can try this one. you do it with the gconf-editor. 2nd answer with 21 vote ups: How do I make a program auto-start every time I log in?


My user ID and password is correct: can not log in to Ubuntu 12.04

I would try booting into the recovery system and resetting your user account password to something simple like 'password'. Here are the instructions to resetting a lost password:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LostPassword

Once you have done that reboot and log in with the simple password. If you can get in then there shouldn't be anything wrong with the authentication. You can then reset it back to something else.


Why is wireless down/strange after switching to battery or closing/opening the lid?

I've found that /usr/sbin/pm-powersave turns OFF my wireless card when I switch to battery or suspend by closing the laptop's lid. I've gotten wireless to stay up between hibernates by executing sudo /usr/sbin/pm-powersave false. The man pm-powersave page says I can create an empty file /etc/pm/power.d/wireless to prevent /usr/lib/pm-utils/power.d/wireless from running and doing its magic. I've done it, and it works for me.

I found this by doing an ls -lrt /var/log just after the event, and looking at the last 100 so lines of the recently modified logs. I use this technique to start answering many questions about what my system just did.


How do you manage journald log history on ubuntu core 16


Tiny monitor icons in GNOME Display Arrangement with multiple monitors

No fix found for Ubuntu 18.04. Anyhow, I upgraded to 20.04 and the problem is resolved.  Problem does not exist in 20.04... working perfectly now. Many thanks to the developers!


Problem using scanner on my multifunction Samsung SL-M2070 in ubuntu 14.04

First check if the cable is working correctly!

If so, then check if any drivers available through samsung's website or Software center and install them.


Calendar and file manager partly in German

This is controlled by the Regional Formats setting in Language Support. Based on your time zone choice during installation, the installer 'guessed' that you prefer the Belgian conventions for time/date, currency, etc., so currently you probably have Deutch (Belgien) selected in the Regional Formats tab. Unfortunately (which is a bug) it means that the weekday and month names are showed in German.

The simplest way to change it is to switch to some of the English options in Regional Formats. Often English (Denmark) is a suitable choice in Europe.

Another option is to edit your ~/.profile file, and add the line

export LC_TIME=en_DK.UTF-8

That will fix the weekday and month names, without affecting things like currency and number formats.


I sometimes find moving /tmp to ram (tmpfs) is the best solution (Especially on my setups which use a lot of disk intensive IO stuff - MySQL, etc) if you have enough RAM to feed it.


Format the partition using the "ubuntu installer" or G-part editor from the ubuntu live CD


A user with write permission on a directory can delete any file within that directory, unless the directory has the "sticky" bit set (as is commonly set on /tmp).

In addition, the owner of a directory can delete any file within that directory, regardless of sticky bit or other permissions.

The "sticky" bit when set on a directory is sometimes referred to as the "restricted deletion flag".

If you'd like to prevent your user from being able to delete those files, set the parent directory's sticky bit:

chmod +t some-directory-name

After that, you'll also need to change ownership on the directory (you'll need to do this as root):

sudo chown root some-directory-name

You'll want to ensure that your user can still write to that directory, if losing ownership left your user without write access, you can either grant write access to "other":

sudo chmod o+rwx some-directory-name

Or you can ensure your group has access:

sudo chgrp yourgroup some-directory-name
sudo chmod g+rwx some-directory-name

(Group ownership is not enough to give you the ability to delete the root-owned files.)

Good luck in your adventures, whatever they may be.


From the screenshot it looks like you're missing sound and message indicators.

Uninstalling unity will have removed these indicators too, so you just need to reinstall them and hopefully restarting (logging off should do it) will put everything back.

sudo apt-get install indicator-applet indicator-messages indicator-sound


Unable to uninstall ubuntu installed using Wubi

If you cannot remove it from Add/Remove programs and the C:\ubuntu\Uninstall-Ubuntu.exe file does neither work, you can always do a manual removal.

See WubiGuide on Ubuntu Wiki for instructions.

Basically, the instructions in your case are:

Remove C:\ubuntu and all files starting with C:\wubildr
Remove the entry from the boot menu: Control Panel -> System -> Advanced -> Startup and Recovery, press Edit, select Ubuntu and press Remove.


How to copy a bootable NTFS partition from one physical hard drive to another with Ubuntu?

(No extra software required, use the tools you have)

dd if=/dev/sda2 of=foo_file.img will create an exact replica of sda to a .img file that you specify.
Save it to an external device and restore it with dd if=foo_file.img of=/dev/sday.
Step by step

Boot from the Ubuntu LiveCD and open the disk management tool (or use sudo fdisk -l from the terminal) to find out which disk you will be copying.

Mount the external device you will save the .img file to, do not mount the disk you want to make the image from!

Use dd if=/dev/sda2 of=foo_file.img, replace /dev/sda2 with the actual partition you want to copy and foo_image.img with a file located on the external disk you previously mounted.

Reboot your PC removing the disk you made the image from and install the new disk in your PC. Boot the computer with the Ubuntu LiveCD.

Mount the external disk that contains the .img file and open the disk tool to make sure about the device where we are going to write it to. (Probably will be using the same device path as the one you just removed). Don't even try to mount the new disk, there should be nothing to mount anyways!

Use dd if=foo_file.img of=/dev/sdax to write the image you created and stored on to the external device to the new disk you just installed. Change sdax for the correct partition.

Run gparted and resize your newly created partitions to accommodate the extra space in your new disk.

Reboot and boot using your new disk.

After this is done you can keep the .img file as a backup till you make sure that everything is running.
I have used this method oh so many times now and not an issue, but you never know. Keep a backup around for some time.


Unable to properly adjust display arrangement for portrait monitor next to landscape monitor

Can confirm.

Lenovo P50 laptop with two external monitors (USB-C & HDMI), one in portrait mode.

Recently upgraded from Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, which did not have this issue, to 20.04 LTS.

The "real estate" of the two landscape monitors bleeds into the right hand monitor and I'm able to "scroll" vertically (which I don't want). Maximizing windows will make the window display on two monitors partly.

Workaround: Change the monitor in portrait mode back to landscape mode. Not what I want but at least it gives me a working setup.

Setup left to right (with portrait mode):

Laptop monitor 1920x1080 (16:9) - landscape
Samsung 34" 3440x1440 (21:9) - landscape - USB-C
Acer 24" 1920x1080 (16:9) - portrait - HDMI

lspci | grep VGA
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM107GLM [Quadro M2000M] (rev a2)

Driver recently installed with sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

driver   : nvidia-driver-440 - distro non-free recommended

Recently changed from nvidia-driver-435 which had the same problem.

xrandr

Screen 0: minimum 8 x 8, current 7280 x 1920, maximum 16384 x 16384
DP-0 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-1 connected 1080x1920+5360+0 left (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 531mm x 299mm panning 1920x1920+5360+0 tracking 7280x1920+0+0 border 0/0/0/0
   1920x1080     60.00*+  59.94    50.00    60.00    50.04
   1680x1050     59.95
   1440x900      59.89
   1280x1024     60.02
   1280x800      59.81
   1280x720      60.00    59.94    50.00
   1152x864      75.00
   1024x768      70.07    60.00
   800x600       60.32    56.25
   720x576       50.00
   720x480       59.94
   640x480       59.94    59.93
DP-2 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-3 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-4 connected 1920x1080+0+840 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 344mm x 194mm panning 2760x1080+0+840 tracking 7280x1920+0+0 border 0/0/0/0
   1920x1080     60.02*+  48.00
DP-5 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
DP-6 connected primary 3440x1440+1920+480 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 797mm x 333mm panning 4280x1440+1920+480 tracking 7280x1920+0+0 border 0/0/0/0
   3440x1440     59.97 +  99.98    49.99*
   2560x1440     59.95
   2560x1080     60.00    59.94
   1920x1080     60.00    59.94    50.00
   1680x1050     59.95
   1600x900      60.00
   1440x900      59.89
   1280x1024     75.02    60.02
   1280x800      59.81
   1280x720      60.00    59.94    50.00
   1152x864      75.00
   1024x768      75.03    70.07    60.00
   800x600       75.00    72.19    60.32    56.25
   720x576       50.00
   720x480       59.94
   640x480       75.00    72.81    59.94


How to share same Thunderbird profile between two users?

You might consider simply running Thunderbird as the same user, regardless of which of the two users is the one who is logged in. This would be suitable if the two users have absolute trust for each other (or, more narrowly, if the user whose Thunderbird profile it is has absolute trust for the other user, since it's the user whose Thunderbird profile it is who would have to give the other user his or her password).

If you want to do it that way, then one user can run Thunderbird as the other user with the command:

gksu -u other-username thunderbird

Where other-username is replaced by the other user's username.

This command can be run in the Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T), or from the Run Application menu (Alt+F2), or a launcher icon or menu item can be created to run this command.

So default could run Thunderbird as newbie with:

gksu -u newbie thunderbird

And newbie could run Thunderbird as default with:

gksu -u default thunderbird

The password for the user whose username is other-username is required, to run Thunderbird like that.

Alternatively, if you want to actually set things up so that both users are using the same Thunderbird profile, then you can make one user's ~/.mozilla/thunderbird folder (where ~ represents the user's home directory) a symbolic link to the other user's corresponding folder. In order for this to work, that profile must be accessible by both users, so a group should be created for this, both users added to the group, and full read and write permissions given to the folder for all users in the group.

For example, if the user newbie wants to make make his Thunderbird profile the same as the user default's profile, and default is an administrator, and default is OK with this, then with Thunderbird not running, default could run:

sudo addgroup default-thunderbird
sudo usermod -a -G default-thunderbird default
sudo usermod -a -G default-thunderbird newbie
cp -R ~/.mozilla/thunderbird ~/.mozilla/thunderbird.backup
chgrp -R default-thunderbird ~/.mozilla/thunderbird
chmod g+rw ~/.mozilla/thunderbird
find ~/.mozilla/thunderbird -type d -exec chmod g+x \{\} \;

And then, with Thunderbird not running, newbie could run:

mv ~/.mozilla/thunderbird ~/.mozilla/thunderbird.old
ln -s ~default/.mozilla/thunderbird ~/.mozilla/thunderbird

Please make sure to back up any important Thunderbird data before doing this, and be very careful, because:

(1) I have not tested this to see if it works, or how well!

(2) This is quite a bizarre way to set things up, which the Thunderbird developers probably did not have in mind. Thus, this might trigger bugs and/or strange Thunderbird behavior.

Finally, have you considered, instead of any of the complex solutions detailed above, simply having both users be separately set up to use the same (or some of the same) email accounts in their respective separate Thunderbird configurations?

If these are IMAP accounts (rather than POP), then emails are stored on the server all the time anyway, and then there is really no reason to try to have two user accounts using Thunderbird with the same profile.


IBus input methods work only in system search

I finally solve this by reinstalling libgtk, ibus-gtk3, and ibus:

sudo apt install libgtk-3-0 ibus-gtk3 ibus --reinstall


"ata8.00: exception Emask 0x52 SAct 0x0 Serr 0xffffffff action 0xe frozen"

I solved the problem by removing all drives from the ASMedia SATA ports that use the rogue ASM1061 controller.

Initially I had connected a DVD drive to the ASM1061 controller, but now I saw in the motherboard specs that these ports are only to be used with hard disk drives (see here footnote 4). I moved the DVD to a SATA Express port (also ASMedia), and now everything works. This is a bit strange, because according to the motherboard specs, this port is also only for hard drives. But it works for now, so I wont touch it.

Just for completeness: I got some useful tips from a relevant discussion in a debian forum: http://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?f=17&t=116143


Ubuntu 16.04 bad password or options login

Except in extremely rare circumstances, when a login fails, it is because the password that was entered is not the correct password for that username on that computer.

Common reason for this is: typing the wrong password, a keyboard problem, caps lock on, wrong username / password combination, trying to log on to the wrong machine.

On systems such as Ubuntu that support file system encryption, make sure you are entering the decrypt password (and not your username password) if that's the password prompt you are responding to. Depending on how the system was built, this password may be different from the current, valid password for your user login account.  This also applies to passwords to unlock key rings and so on as well.

In short, one needs to provide a current, valid, correct password for the authentication prompt being presented.

Since you say you are new to Linux (although the above facts are true irrespective of operating system) and since you say your installation is less than 48 hours old, it is pretty much guaranteed that the password you are entering does not match the password you specified when you created that login account two days ago.

Experienced systems administrators employ hardened, best practice schemes for managing username passwords (typically for root or administrative access) for the numerous machines that they manage.  You might consider reading up on that and selecting a scheme that works for you.  In the meantime, as a new user, when building a new computer, you should probably write down ALL the passwords you specified when building your system and keep that piece of paper or notebook handy until such time as you come up with a more robust, sustainable password management process.  And of course don't forget to update the entries when you change any of the the passwords / passphrases.


LinuxV4L2 is the correct device name, listed in the README but not in the online docs.

export ARTOOLKIT5_VCONF="-device=LinuxV4L2"


You could use pdfgrep to search inside .pdf files using patterns. First you have to install pdfgrep package,

 sudo apt-get install pdfgrep

And your command should be,

pdfgrep -in 'foo.one.two' file.pdf

Dot inside the above pattern will match any character(It doesn't represent a literal dot). So it will find foo.one.two,foo-one-two,foo_one_two.

Syntax:

pdfgrep -in pattern file.pdf


pip install error ubuntu 15.10 ( Pillow )

Try pip install Pillow==2.9.0
I had the same issue when I typed pip install Pillow which installs latest version of it.


'Overwrote' files, space still occupied, are they lost?

I think this is the problem: You should have created directories A, B, C ... Z. If you did, the mv command should have moved the files to those directories.

But if not, the mv command moves the files to files with those names, A, B, C ... and I think this is what you did.

To make the shellscript safer, you should make it create the directories (if they are not already there) before you start the moving.

dirs=(A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z)

for dir in "${dirs[@]}"
do
 mkdir -p $dir
done

If you want things to get even safer, you can also use mv with the -i option

   -i, --interactive
          prompt before overwrite


14.04: Unlocking the screen after sleep logs user off and back on

I couldn't find a bug for this - astoundingly - so I've submitted one. Bug # 1454698

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-screensaver/+bug/1454698


This command should find, identify and kill the proses that has locked dpkg

sudo fuser -vki /var/lib/dpkg/lock; sudo dpkg --configure -a


Is it necessary to add a respawn line to make the service run in startup?

Respawn command is used to restart a process if it is not running currently in the system. If the process get stopped in the system, then respawn can be used to trigger the starting of the process.


If you are trying to run 2 systems you should have 4 partitions: one for windows, one for Ubuntu, one as a Swap area and one for your documents. That should keep them apart. It should work, because Ubuntu installs it's boot loader over the old one. Are you sure that you installed it correctly.If yes, you should change your boot loader to GNU GRUB. It detects all kinds of operating systems. It should do the trick for you. But research about GRUB before you try anything, because you could not be able to restore your windows boot loader after applying it. Good luck.


There was a bug identified in RKHunter where updating could have been compromised. A short term fix by devs (Debian?) was to disable updating via the RKHunter config file. To fix:

Make sure your system is updated and RKHunter is a late version and newer than 1.4.2.6

In a terminal open a text editor as root and navigate to /etc/rkhunter.conf, for example;

sudo gedit /etc/rkhunter.conf

or in Lubuntu

sudo leafpad /etc/rkhunter.conf

look for the following three items and change these back to defaults as shown here,

UPDATE_MIRRORS=1

MIRRORS_MODE=0

WEB_CMD=""


You need to set up port forwarding on your router and connect by your public IP address. The process differs from router to router but you need to look through the settings for port forwarding, although some routers will also have different sections to make this process easier (my DLink router has a section called "Virtual Server") but the basics are, you need to forward the ports that openvpn is using (the defaults can be found here) to the local IP address of the machine you want to openvpn into.

You'll then need to connect to the public ip, and your router will then forward that connection to the machine running the server (due to the fact you've told it to forward any connections to that port on to the local IP address of the server.

It's fairly simple once you find the settings in the router. If you've gone as far as getting the openvpn server working in the first place you should have no problems.


You can try installing program "PulseAudio Volume Control" (sudo apt-get install pavucontrol) and in tab "Configuration" select profile mentioning HDMI.


I've given up on my original goal of modifying the permissions of the mount point that VMWare creates.  Instead (as suggested by @NicholasFomichella) I'm creating a new mount point which seems to give me the desired results.  The following line what I ended up with in /etc/fstab:
.host:/HostData /mnt/hostdata fuse.vmhgfs-fuse allow_other,uid=33,gid=33,umask=0007 0 0

Note that is fails without allow_other as an option.


How to get rid of annoying hover info in folder?

Problem:

At the moment there is no way to get rid of this extraordinarily annoying bug! This issue has been pottering along for several years, witness the following 2 inter-related  bug reports:

Launchpad 2011: Status Bar Covers File Name at Bottom
Gnome Bugzilla 2011: Tooltip display for last item makes item uneditable (when not using status bar)

You can see that the issue has not been resolved despite 5 years since the original reports.

Solution

Subscribe yourself to these 2 bug reports
Add your own comments and insights to the reports
Wait patiently :)


How to get back WiFi after running sudo chmod -R a+rwx in home folder

You can change the permissions back to their default value by executing:

    sudo chmod -R 755 ~/

But I am not sure this will solve your issue as I have not tested it personally.


No wifi/ethernet on fresh Ubuntu 14.04 lts

Install Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS and your wireless adapter will immediately work.

Your hardware Intel Corporation Device [8086:24fd] (rev 78) is not supported by the 14.04 Ubuntu release.


Do you install VMware tools?
Do you enable 'Accelerate 3D graphics' in the display settings?
Set specify monitor settings in display.
Maximum display resolution : Not 2560x1600, but 1920x1080.


Can I Install Ubuntu on a older laptop with a intel pentium processor (which doesn't have pae)?

Ubuntu 12.10 and 13.04 do not support NON-PAE CPU's

PAE releases are available in 13.04 (and 12.10), but you could try Fake-PAE.

  13.04 32 bit ISO require your CPU to have Physical Address Extensions, or PAE. "PAE is provided by Intel Pentium Pro and above CPUs,
  including all later Pentium-series processors (except most 400 MHz-bus
  versions of the Pentium M)." - If you have a NON-PAE CPU and would
  like to install Lubuntu 12.10, please see this link or you can use
  12.04 instead.1

1Source:Ubuntu Wiki

Linked Question:

How can I install on a non-PAE CPU? (error "Kernel requires features not present on the CPU: PAE")


Dual Boot full disk encryption greyed out

Dislaimer: This is not a fully detailed/verified answer yet. I will update it when I install again.

So my setup: Non-EFI. 500GB hard drive. Preinstalled with windows 10. I shrank my Windows 10 partition to 80GB. Turned on BitLocker. Created an Ubuntu 16.04 install USB drive.

When installing Ubuntu, I hit the same problem as you where the 'encrypt' option was grayed out on dual-boot (but I did verify that non-encrypted install works just fine).

To get past this, I selected Try Ubuntu. When in call from a Terminal sudo swapoff -a

Run sudo gparted to verify that the unallocated space you want to allocate is accurate.

Run Install Ubuntu 16.04 from the desktop. When you get to the location where the encrypted option was grayed out originally, select Do something else to specify partitions manually. For the partitions, I first created an ext4 of 20GB (note: waaay too big) and put the mount point at /boot. Then I created a physical drive for encryption that took the remainder of the disk. The new logical drive created should have its mount point set to /. Then press install. It will complain about there being no swap drive. Press OK because swap can be turned on later.

At this point, install should proceed as normal.

Note that as soon as the encrypted drive is selected, things get messy as the new partition is officially created. At this point, I'm no longer able to boot without the Ubuntu USB disk. To get aroudn that I can either a) use gparted to delete the newly created partition and try again or b) just install unencrypted Ubuntu


How I will check that the mongodb service is runing or not using terminal command?

You could run something along the lines of

if pgrep -x mongodd
 then echo "ok"
 else echo "not ok"
fi


What is the difference between charms for Oneiric and Precise?

Oneiric is Ubuntu 11.10, Precise is Ubuntu 12.04. Pick the charm for the version you use.


Cmath library in Ubuntu app error for pow()

The error is because you are trying to use the (integer) modulo operator % with the return value of pow (which has type double).

Ex. given

$ cat pow.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>

int main(void)
{
  int i = 2;
  int num = 345;

  num = num % pow(10,i);

  std::cout << "num: " << num << std::endl;
}

then

$ g++ -o pow pow.cpp
pow.cpp: In function ‘int main()’:
pow.cpp:9:13: error: invalid operands of types ‘int’ and ‘double’ to binary ‘operator%’
   num = num % pow(10,i);
         ~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~

If you explicitly cast the return value to int

  num = num % (int)pow(10,i);

it will "work" - but you will need to satisfy yourself that it is giving you the intended result:

$ g++ -o pow pow.cpp
$ ./pow
num: 45

[Note that you don't need to explicitly link libm when using g++ since - unlike gcc - it is linked by default (i.e. unless you add the -nostdlib flag)]


Fresh install of 64 bit 12.04 over 32 bit 11.10 alongside Windows 7

You are on the right track. Choose "Something Else" and assign the existing 11.10 partition. Make sure to check the format (ext4) box so that none of the remnants of the 32 bit system remains. The mount point should be / from the drop down menu.

The installation system should find the swap space and use it.

Warning:

If you choose the wrong partition you may lose Windows and all the data in the NTFS partitions. Make backups of your data before hand. Make sure the NTFS partitions are not formatted during this process.

Hope this helps


How will 12.10 disk encryption affect performance?

Depends on your hardware of course. Most important performance enhancement is using a CPU with AES-NI capabilities, provided by most of the recent Core i5/i7 processors and a kernel supporting it (most recent versions do). It's similar to video acceleration, but then for AES calculations.

Do a grep aes /proc/cpuinfo to see if your CPU is capable. If so, it will then be able to en/decrypt hundreds of megabytes a second without too much load; more than enough for most systems or a root filesystem. Provided your encryption software uses this (kernel interface). Using dm-crypt (Luks) does this for sure. This Arch Wiki article claims you should be able to do roughly 570 MB/s on a first-generation i7 CPU.

I haven't done real benchmarking, but I find almost no slowdown in doing a read-only benchmark using 'palimpsest' (Gnome Disk Utility) on my Intel 310 series 80GB SSD using dm-crypt (full disk) encryption enabled. A steady ~ 250 MB/s sequential reading all the way on an LVM LV (on top of dm-crypt).

See this Phoronix article for serious benchmarks of AES-NI and dm-crypt. An excerpt from that article:

  While the Ubuntu home directory encryption feature with eCryptfs may
  not be beneficial at this point with Intel AES-NI, full-disk
  encryption with Intel AES-NI using dmcrypt is noticeably better.
  Several of the benchmarks produced dramatically better results with
  AES-NI while at the same time delivering lower CPU usage. AES-NI
  appears to be a huge win if planning to encrypt your entire disk using
  this feature found in Ubuntu's alternate installer.

This is a bit outdated now, and eCryptfs might not be suffering these slowdowns anymore.


Ubuntu 12.04 ping 8.8.8.8 does not work on one network only

The other network (network B) most probably has a firewall implemented, which is configured to block ICMP packets (pings). This is most likely the case if the network is in a university, at work, or maybe even a (smart) coffee shop.

When you ping 8.8.8.8, an IP should be mentioned in that message you got. I'm betting that that IP is 192.168.1.1, so the error would be something like reply: 192.168.1.1 destination host unreachable. Also, to be more certain, you can do a traceroute. This shows you the path that your ping travels, so we can find exactly where it stops. So, if you run the command traceroute -n 8.8.8.8, you'll probably get something like this:

I think you might need to install traceroute using sudo apt-get install traceroute.

alaa@aa-UBUNTU:~$ traceroute -n 8.8.8.8
traceroute to 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1  192.168.1.1  1.204 ms  1.953 ms  2.101 ms
 2  * * *
 3  * * *

...and those stars will just keep on coming. This means that your ping went to 192.168.1.1, but then it stopped, it hit a wall, so you'll never be able to ping 8.8.8.8.

Also, this has nothing to do with DNS, because you're pinging an IP, not a hostname like google.com. DNS is a system that merely translates the words google.com to something like 74.125.236.105. If there was something wrong with your DNS settings, ping google.com would return something like this: ping: unknown host google.com, but ping 8.8.8.8 would not, because you're already pinging a direct IP.

I suggest you revert the changes you made to NetworkManager.conf.


Cannot install Ubuntu 17.10 on MBP 9,2 (boot problems)

Below is the sequence of steps needed install Ubuntu on your Mac.

Install Ubuntu for EFI booting. You should boot the installer from a USB flash drive.
After you are finished installing Ubuntu, you will not be able to boot Ubuntu from your internal drive. The remaining steps correct this problem.
Boot to Ubuntu Live.
From the Desktop, press the control+option+T keys to open a Terminal window.
Enter the command shown below.

sudo  fdisk  -l  /dev/sda

Below is the output I saw from entering this command. (This image is from a Ubuntu Desktop 16.04.3 Live boot)

  Note: For a better view, click on the image or open the image in a new window.

From the output of the sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda command, determine the device for the EFI System partition. For me, this was /dev/sda1. If you determine a different device, make the appropriate substitutions.
Enter the commands given below to make Ubuntu appear in the Startup Manager.

sudo  bash
mkdir  efi
mount  /dev/sda1  efi
cd  efi/EFI
mkdir  BOOT
cp  ubuntu/grubx64.efi  BOOT/bootx64.efi
cd  ~
umount  efi
rmdir  efi
exit
exit

Shutdown Ubuntu live.
Startup the Mac and immediately hold down the option key until the Startup Manager icons appear.
Click on the hard disk icon labeled "EFI Boot". Next, while holding down the control key, click on the circular arrow below this icon.

You are finished. Your Mac will now automatically boot to Ubuntu on startup and restart.


Error after log in, Desktop gone (Ubuntu 14.04 LTS)

Please boot into a USB/LiveCD and copy the

/home/media/ubuntu/UID/var/log/dmesg

from there and post it in your question.

We'll take it from there to recover all your files so you can start afresh.


I have downloaded Ubuntu 14.04.1, copied it to a DVD and tried to boot it from it. It requires a user and password which I do not possess

You need to download and burn again. It was not a complete image.

If you used torrent to download the image, just start it up again and make sure it starts to seed. It probably only downloaded 99.9% of it.

If you used browser install, either switch to torrent, or download through browser again.

On the download page it should give you the hash of the file. You can check the ISO to make sure hash matches, if does, you have the whole image

Edit

On Windows you can download and use a free tool called hashcalc to check the sum

This is a list of hashes

Check the version you downloaded and the hash of your iso should match to that of site. If it don't match, it's not a complete image.


What are the good fstab options for a RAID 0 SSD home partition?

I will explain the fields of fstab entries.

The first field describes which block device, remote file system or similar to mount. Today, it's commonly referenced by UUID for block devices, but other, valid alternatives is LABEL or simply the old fashioned /dev/sdb1.

The second field describes the mount point. This describes where you want the file system accessible to the system. For a home file system, /home will do just nice.

The third field describes file system type. Common file systems are ext4, exfat, ext3, xfs and many more. This should match the on disk format.

The fourth field is options. The options are partially standardized, and partially file system dependent, as different file systems supports different options. Commonly we'll see defaults in this field. defaults is the... default option, implying rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, async. The meaning of each of those is as follows

rw

Mount the file system in read write mode.

suid

Allow setuid binaries. This may not be a good idea for /home on a shared server, as it could make privilege escalation simpler. On /home nosuid may make sense. On / and /usr/, nosuid will result in a non-functioning system.

dev

Allow device files on the file system. Again, does not make sense for /home, and may aid in privilege escalation. No harm from having nodev set on a home partition.

exec

Allow execution of binaries on this file system. This is probably a good feature on /home, but disabling it may improve security in multi user scenarios, as users will not be able to run software from /home.

auto

Mount automatically during boot, and with mount -a

nouser

Users cannot mount or umount the file system. Only root can. Sensible for all system partitions, such as /home.

async

Mount in asynchronous mode. This basically means that data can be reported back as written, without actually being written to physical disks. Greatly improves performance, at the cost of data integrity. A trade off the user has to make.

The fifth field describes which file systems should be dumped. dump is generally a ancient backup tool, and not really relevant today. Leave to zero.

The sixth field describes the fsck order. / should be 1, which will be checked first. Any other file system should be 2 (or higher), to be checked after /.

For the options field, there's a lot of relevant options. I've covered what defaults means above, and as you see, you probably don't need dev or suid for a /home partition. In a multiuser setup, you probably want to disable it.

There's no right or wrong either when it comes to the correct mount options. Different people do different trade offs. On a personal laptop, not having exec on /home may be a annoyance. At a shared web server, it may be an valuable part of the security.


ImportError: Ubuntu 16.04.3 - Installing basemap module on python 2.7.12

After hours spent online I solved the issue by installing anaconda https://conda.io/docs/user-guide/install/linux.html

then conda install -c anaconda basemap

and I can eventually import basemap from mpl_toolkits


I have tried this one and it worked for me.

echo "options asus_nb_wmi wapf=4" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/asus.conf


How to enable wireless when booting from a CD?

Its probably a closed source driver that will need to be enabled to work.  When you boot up, there (if it is) will be a little pci card icon at the top that will let you know that it needs to enable the driver.  Without the model of your wireless card tho, there is no way to be sure.

Runescape works, in fact, I cant that of a flash game my child hasnt been able to play... or me for that matter.  You tube works.  Your only /real/ concern would be installed games.


How do I edit an invalid sudoers file without root access?

Try this:

Switch on your computer.
Press and hold the Shift key, which will bring up the Grub menu.
Select the line which starts with Advanced options.
Select the line ending with (recovery mode)
Your PC should display a menu with a number of options.
Select the option will be Drop to root shell prompt
Run the commands

mount -o remount,rw /
mount --all
visudo


What is the difference in command-line "sudo apt-get update" and using Synaptic or Auto-updater?

sudo apt-get update is run automatically in the back ground regularly. Auto-updater is the same as sudo apt-get upgrade. The pretty gui's use libraries that implement the same functions (they may be the same libraries), it's just a pretty gui for users to use. If you ask it to show you the details you'll notice they are just a slightly massaged version of the console output of apt-get.


Give VirtualBox access to specific users only

On Ubuntu, only superuser and members of vboxusers can use Vbox by default. You can add users to the vboxusers group with the following command:

sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers username

This will give that user permission to run VirtualBox machines.


I had the same problem.

I solved it by removing all the files in ~/.pulse except client.conf.


Help me create a script that runs when keyboard is undocked

The following will set up the Microsoft SP3 so that when the keyboard is removed it switches to portrait mode.  The scripts ensure that the active stylus and capacitive touch orientation is correct.

Thank you to @george udeson for the link to the tutorial which helped me write this.

UDEV rules

# Saved as /etc/udev/rules.d/81-MSSP3-dock.rules

# Microsoft Surface Pro Keyboard

ACTION=="add" \
, ATTRS{idProduct}=="07e3" \
, ATTRS{idVendor}=="045e" \
, ENV{DISPLAY}=":0" \
, ENV{XAUTHORITY}="/home/joshuarobison/.Xauthority" \
, RUN+="//home/joshuarobison/Documents/Scripts/landscape.sh"

ACTION=="remove" \
, ATTRS{idProduct}=="07e3" \
, ATTRS{idVendor}=="045e" \
, ENV{DISPLAY}=":0" \
, ENV{XAUTHORITY}="/home/joshuarobison/.Xauthority" \
, RUN+="//home/joshuarobison/Documents/Scripts/portrait.sh"

portrait.sh script

#!/bin/sh
#Portrait
xrandr -o left
  xinput set-prop "NTRG0001:01 1B96:1B05" --type=float "Coordinate Transformation Matrix" 0 -1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
  xinput set-prop "NTRG0001:01 1B96:1B05" --type=float "Coordinate Transformation Matrix" 0 -1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
  xsetwacom set "NTRG0001:01 1B96:1B05 Pen stylus" Rotate ccw

landscape.sh script

#!/bin/sh
#landscape

  xrandr -o normal
  xinput set-prop "NTRG0001:01 1B96:1B05" --type=float "Coordinate Transformation Matrix" 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  xinput set-prop "NTRG0001:01 1B96:1B05" --type=float "Coordinate Transformation Matrix" 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  xsetwacom set "NTRG0001:01 1B96:1B05 Pen stylus" Rotate 0

After creating the udev rules file do not forget to run

sudo udevadm control --reload


Qualcomm Atheros Device [168c:0042] (rev 30) Wi-Fi driver installation

Ubuntu 16.04 users should just need to

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

and reboot.

You do not need Windows drivers and ndiswrapper.

This has been recently fixed upstream, follow these instructions to install the backported modules and needed firmware:

sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-$(uname -r) git
echo "options ath10k_core skip_otp=y" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/ath10k_core.conf
wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/backports/stable/v4.4.2/backports-4.4.2-1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf backports-4.4.2-1.tar.gz
cd backport-4.4.2-1
make defconfig-wifi
make
sudo make install
git clone https://github.com/kvalo/ath10k-firmware.git
sudo cp -r ath10k-firmware/QCA9377 /lib/firmware/ath10k/
sudo cp /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0/firmware-5.bin_WLAN.TF.1.0-00267-1 /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0/firmware-5.bin

And it should work after a reboot.

It will fail when a new kernel is installed through updates until the kernel is patched to support the wifi.  When that happens you will need to:

cd backports-4.4.2-1
make clean
make defconfig-wifi
make
sudo make install

And reboot.


Change grub default option based on time

First of all, the scripts under /etc/grub.d are not applied unless you run the command update-grub.
The second problem is that result of those script should be an output to stdout that will be appended to grub.cfg, so you should have command like echo.
The third problem is that grub has it's own language. While you can use condition like if, you cannot run bash command like date and as far as I know, their is no way to get date from grub embedded shell.

Basically, I'm afraid there is no way to achieve what you are expecting.
Edit : my bad, in that case, your script should look like that (not checked the syntax of grub as I'm not so friendly)
cat << EOF
regexp --set hour "([0-9]{2})\:" `date`
if [ $hour -lt 9 ]; then
  set default="Windows 10"
fi
EOF


If you want to see the output from commands issued to at, you need to have a correctly configured sendmail on your system. Otherwise, the output is discarded.

If you just want to test that the command is successfully run, try choosing a command with some residual effect:

echo 'touch /tmp/huzzah_it_works' | at now

Then look in /tmp/ to see if the file was created.


Change download folder for deluge-daemon

You changed ownership, but does the owner have write access to  that directory ?

Do

ls -laF /media/agusgambina/30916bc6-913e-44e4-979c-e158f11d9abf/deluge/


Multimedia keys are not working with my HP Probook 4540s

I’m using hp4540s and I’ve stumled over this too.
In Ubuntu 13.04 the kernel is 3.8.x-xx
It supports WIFI out of the box but does not support Fn+brightness.
If you go back to Ubuntu 12.04 with kernlel 3.2.x-xx you will have Fn-functions but you will not have WIFI.
Workaround 1:
http://www.ubuntugeek.com/how-to-fix-function-keys-fn-issue-after-upgrading-to-ubuntu-10-04lucid.html
Follow the instructions BUT be sure to correct the NECESSARY line:  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
After correction it should look as GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi_backlight=vendor"
Grub update needed.
You’ll get you Fn+brightness keys working. BUT after each reboot  the brightness will return to maximum.
Workaround 2:
I have decided to go back to 12.04 (actually linux mint 13 Maya).
No Fn+brightness problems  and the WIFI problem was perfectly solved with a new kernel 3.6.3. installation.
http://compizomania.blogspot.com/2012/10/linux-kernel-363-ubuntu-12101204linux.html
The tutorial is in Russian but it is understandable.
Workaround 3: (only my invention  - not tested though)
Try downgrading kernel of your Ubuntu 13.04  from 3.8.x-xx to kernel 3.6.3


Kmail: Increase horizontal spacing in message list

It turns out that KMAIL have a option for this:

Go to View> Message List > Theme > Configure

Click on clone the theme you want and rename theme.

Click on Advance tab and drop drag horizontal line spacing below the sender/ subject list to increase spacing.

Also ensure that you have the setting to "show message list on right" in the main Kmail Configuration settings if you like the Outlook style.


As you correctly assumed ubuntu-mate-desktop is only a meta-package (try apt show ubuntu-mate-desktop for confirmation. So as long as you don't issue sudo apt autoremove nothing bad will happen, even if you purge the deja-dup package.

The next step is to remove the configuration (stored in dconf)

back up the complete dconf-database:

tar cf config-dconf-user .config/dconf/user

(you can restore it with tar xf config-dconf-user)
purge the deja-dup settings

dconf reset -f /org/gnome/deja-dup/

Now you can reinstall deja-dup.

N.B.
You probably could try and purge only the deja-dup settings, without removing/purging the package


How to increase the screen saturation in Ubuntu 20.04 LTS?

Make sure your calibration device is connected to your computer
Open Activities overview and start typing settings
click on settings
click color in the sidebar to open the panel
select screen
press calibrate

for more help this thread is on https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/ubuntu-help/color-calibrate-screen.html.en


How can I fix Chrome to minimize into the Unity launcher?

Had this same problem after installing Chromium on 11.04, to fix it you just need to "Log Out..." and once you log back in its all fixed.

Eventually everybody will get this fixed because they will have to shut down or restart for other reasons but may never now what really fixed it.


How do i check if the Graphic drivers are installed correclty

From the Wiki for the AMD Linux Driver verifying page

Run this command in terminal

 fglrxinfo

for example it will show something like

display: :0.0  screen: 0
OpenGL vendor string: ATI Technologies Inc.
OpenGL renderer string: Radeon X1600 Series
OpenGL version string: 2.1.7415 Release


At least on the newer version of qpdfviewer (0.4.14), holding down Shift lets you select text, column-wise.


nmap -O -sS 192.168.1.1/24

192.168.1.1/24 Means that you are scanning the network 192.168.1.0 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.  That is what the /24 at the end means, it is also called CIDR notation.  That means that only the IPs from 192.168.1.1 thru 192.168.1.254 are scanned.  Nothing outside of your network will be scanned at all.

I use the Online IP Subnet Calculator all the time to see what IP addresses belong to what range.  Look at the Mask Bits and that is what the /24 at the end means.

http://www.subnet-calculator.com/

Site with CIDR notation:  http://www.subnet-calculator.com/cidr.php


Why does wake from suspend with wireless mouse continue to fail?

Notice that on Dell (probably not unique to Dell) the usb is disable by default for wakeup on BIOS level. I tried and tried to run the great solutions above without any luck and then I found out the "trivial" answer of bios change.


How do I install the latest stable version of LibreOffice?

If you want the newest of the new for LibreOffice, you can place the ppa onto your computer:

https://launchpad.net/~libreoffice/+archive/ppa

Once you click on this link, read the section called "Adding this PPA to your system" to make sure you install it correctly for your 12.04 system.

If this package is to 'cutting edge', I would use the following ppa for LibreOffice that might help as well:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

To look over the instructions, follow this link here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LibreOffice
To quote the site on what this ppa is about:

  LibreOffice test builds and backports

  Most of the packages in this ppa have only experienced minor testing
  -- in fact it is the place to enable a wider audience to test packages before they are published into the distro proper. In general this ppa
  is not for the average user to install without a closer look (if it
  would be, its packages would be in the main repositories).

  In general, users are adviced to take a look at the changelog for the
  details about a package. If there is a specific bug that is intended
  to be addressed by an update released into the ppa, you are encouraged
  to test, if the update solves that problem. Packages published after
  the distro release are mostly such specific fixes. Critical fixes will
  SRUed into the main repositories after testing anyway (later, with
  more testing).

See also:

Will 12.04 get LibreOffice 3.6 and later?
What are PPAs and how do I use them?
Are PPA's safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?


Can't Move File After Changing Permissions

You have write permissions over /var/www/website, but you don't have write permission over /var/www.
In order to move /var/www/website to anywhere you need write permission over /var/www.


windows 10 Blocking Ubtuntu from being seen as bootable

For what it's Worth I Saw a post saying the proper method was to install windows 10 then return to boot, now boot Linux install and grub should fix your boot section. Windows is so demanding in how it boots.

here is the post I followed hope it helps someone in there dual boot process.


If your vpn connects to 93.182.168.2

The Deluge interface must be 93.182.168.2*

edit: This doesn't work.

Neither does setting both the VPN Gateway and deluge interface to vpn.ipredator.se - deluge still runs when the vpn disconnects, but only connects to peers who are also using ipredator.

There seems to be no easy way to do this (could be done by using iptables or editing routes in /etc/ppp).

Switched to qbittorrent instead. Advanced tab in options lets you set the network interface to ppp0. Seems to work.


On resume from screensaver, gnome cannot accept keyboard input

It`s a famous bug on launchpad. It only remains to wait for the decision :(
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-screensaver/+bug/586528


How to elevate a programs privileges on the fly?

You might also want to take a look at this thread which explains how you can add a right-click sudo style script
How can I add a script to nautilus for running selected file as administrator?


What's the difference between a Long Term Support Release and a Normal Release?

There is a new release every 6 months (in April and October), with the version number being year.month (e.g.: 16.04 was released in April 2016). Every two years, the April release is a Long Term Support version.

All normal releases (13.04 and later) are only supported for 9 months.
All LTS releases (12.04 and later) are supported for five years on both the desktop and the server.
Older versions had slightly different support cycles, but they haven't been included as they're all unsupported now. See the Ubuntu Wiki for historical information.

Now, support means:

Updates for potential security problems and bugs (not new versions of software)
Availability of Commercial support contracts from Canonical
Support by Landscape, Canonical's enterprise oriented server management tool set

The Desktop refers to the packages that are in the main and restricted repositories, these are the ones that have the little  Ubuntu icon next to them in Synaptic or are marked as Supported in the Software-Centre respectively.

The Server packages are the ones in the "server-ship" and "supported-common" seeds (there's a directory of all of the different seeds available).

This is what this looks like:

Image from Ubuntu.com

The primary reason for using an LTS release is that you can depend on it being updated regularly and therefore secure and stable.

As if this wasn't enough, Ubuntu releases additional versions of the last LTS between releases—such as 14.04.1, that incorporate all of the updates up to this point. This is called a Point-Release (or sometimes snapshot). Those are released every quarter to half year, as needed.

In addition to support, there are Development strategies that differentiate an LTS release:

The base of the operating system, Debian, comes in three versions: Stable, Testing and Unstable. Normally, Ubuntu is based on Unstable; the LTS releases are based on Testing. Starting with 14.04 LTS, all new releases will be based on Debian Unstable.
The Development effort for an LTS release in focused on providing a rock solid base, not only for customers who want the LTS release, but also for the next three Ubuntu versions to come.

Thanks to Oli for demystifying that last part, I wasn't quite sure about it.


I am pretty sure that the latest beta of ubuntu https://wiki.ubuntu.com/PrecisePangolin/TechnicalOverview/Beta2

has brought support for touchpads.

I recommend trying this and seeing if it works.


remote Desktop on raspberrypi not working

done it from the below links:

here
and
here

  If you are trying to use remote desktop on Ubuntu or Xubuntu 18.04 you
  may find that after logging in all you see is a blank screen.

  One cause of this is that xfce4 has added code that prevents a second
  session from opening. You will find that if your computer's main
  screen is logged into xfce4 you may not be able to use it with xrdp.

  To solve this "second session" problem and allow as many sessions as
  you need, edit /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh and add these lines before the
  lines that test and execute Xsession. The $HOME/.profile is not part
  of the solution, but is something that should be run before starting
  the session anyway.

unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
unset XDG_RUNTIME_DIR
. $HOME/.profile


How do I solve the error "Insufficient permisssions" when using vscode?

You should be able to grant the required permissions for this snap by following these instructions: Guide to snap permissions. You could also remove the snap and use Microsofts .deb Package to avoid these problems.


How do I upgrade Ubuntu 10.10 to most recent version through virtual machine?

Ubuntu 10.10 has reached the end of life, meaning it is no longer supported.

You have two choices.

Do a fresh install of a newer version.
Update and upgrade it.
If you opt for this, then you will have to update your sources list first.

Run gksudo gedit /etc/apt/souces.list in a terminal and add these lines:

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ CODENAME main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ CODENAME-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ CODENAME-security main restricted universe multiverse

Then sudo apt-get update followed by sudo do-release-upgrade.


wifi drop constantly after upgrade to Ubuntu 18.04

I had the same issue with a Realtek WiFi AC1200 USB and the internal that is a Broadcom... . Tried the power configuration and the IPv6 disabled. None worked. Finally setting an static IPv4 to the laptop works. Hope this option help someone.


Use the latest Nvidia drivers

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa

Open the Registry-Editor (part of the package wine)

regedit

Create a new key

Select the path below

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Wine\

Right click and select

New > Key
Use the name

DisabledExtensions

Enter the value

Double click the cell in the table in the right pane in the column Data
and enter

GL_ARB_vertex_buffer_object

Use OpenGL

Open the file ~/.wine/drive_c/Programme/World of Warcraft/WTF/

nano ~/.wine/drive_c/Programme/World of Warcraft/WTF/Config.wtf

Add the line

SET gxApi "opengl"

To deactivate anti aliasing, add

SET ffxGlow "0"

Configure wine

Start with

winecfg

Use the tab Graphics

Activate Allow the window manager to control the windows

Activate Pixel Shader (not in the screenshot, because it's not supported in my case)

Enjoy :)
If you have more problems, try the settings below, in ~/.wine/drive_c/Programme/World of Warcraft/WTF/Config.wtf too

Graphic

SET ffxDeath "0"
SET ffxGlow "0"

Neon colors

SET pixelShaders "0"
SET M2UsePixelShaders "1"
SET M2UseShaders "0"

Sound

SET SoundOutputSystem "1"
SET SoundBufferSize "150"


Can I call someone from my PC using Samsung Galaxy Ace S5830i

The Pushbullet extension to the Chromium browser allows me to connect to my phon and send a text message. Chromium browser is in the packages of Ubuntu 18.04, but since your phone does not have Android 5.0 or newer, I doubt it would work since it requires Android Lollipop or better.


It is possible to install Ubuntu 10.04 on the Latitude e6410 Nvidia model however it does require quite a bit of manipulation to get it working properly. The best suggestion for a newbie would probably be to install 11.10 (and in a few weeks update to 12.04 if you want to install a LTS version).
If your determined to install the 10.04 version then read the notes section of:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Testing/Laptop/Lucid/Reports/DellLatitudeE6410
The blank screen error should be solvable by following the instructions there:

After boot from installer media select the nomodeset option (F6)
After installation, hit SHIFT during boot to get grub screen
Change 'quiet splash' to 'nosplash nomodeset' on line that starts with 'linux'
crtl-x to continue booting
After login, activate proprietary NVidia drivers (requires Internet access?)
Edit /etc/default/grub: change to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT='nosplash nomodeset'
sudo update-grub


Monitor shuts off after installing Ubuntu 11.10 64-bit

The nomodeset solution should be valid for the installed system as well. When you boot your computer, hold the Shift key after the bios logo screen. The GRUB menu should display. Press E to edit the kernel command line, use the arrow keys to move to the line that says quiet splash, and add nomodeset there. Then press F10 to boot your system.

The boot process should be successful (hopefully). Then you have two options:

Make the setting permanent: edit the file /etc/default/grub as root by using the command sudo gedit /etc/default/grub from a terminal, add nomodeset after quiet splash, save the file, and type on the command line sudo update-grub.
Try the binary driver for your graphics card. An icon offering to install additional drivers should show up in the top panel; simply follow the instructions there.


Ubuntu 13.10 Setup does not detect Windows 8.1 on VAIO Tap 21!

You need to use the "Something Else" option to manually partition your disk. This is described in this question and answers, although it refers to Windows 7 and has some BIOS (vs. EFI) reference/biases. You may also want to consult my page on EFI-mode Linux installations and the Ubuntu community UEFI documentation. Both of those pages will provide you with background that will help you install your system.


To find which package have the file, head over to http://packages.ubuntu.com/ , and enter in the search box "Search content of packages" file name.

E.g. here's the result for searching brew, it's in package linuxbrew-wrapper. So you need sudo apt install linuxbrew-wrapper

I still didn't get though why would you want the package, given there's apt.


Is a shortcut and symbolic link the same? If not, how do I create a shortcut?

They're similar things, but while a link it's just that, a link to a file or folder, a shortcut can contain more information, like launching parameters, personalized icons, etc.
To create a symbolic link you just need to do in a terminal:

ln -s /path/to/file /path/to/symboliclink

To create shortcuts with personalized options, there's a program called arronax:

sudo apt-get install arronax

You can create shortcuts, save where you want (usually the desktop or in $HOME/.local/share/applications if you want them to appear in the unity dash), set icons, set if you want to run the program in a terminal or not... etc.

Here's an example:

Hope it helps!


The following commands will install the Unity Desktop as is packaged with Ubuntu and remove the KDE Desktop as is packaged with Kubuntu.

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get purge kubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get autoremove

THIS link and THIS link may be useful to you


Login to your machine via SSH.

Make a backup of the file:

$ sudo cp /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/php5.conf /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/php5.conf.bak

To edit the file type:

$ sudo nano /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/php5.conf

change the file as you need and press CTRL+X then press ENTER twice.


how to open encfs folders in 13.04 now that cryptkeeper no longer works

The problem is not that Cryptkeeper doesn't work under 13.04, it's that 13.04 has eliminated the ability to white-list programs to allow them to place application indicators on the system tray. Cryptkeeper relies on using an indicator in the system tray to tell you it's running and allow you to open and close encfs files.

You can restore your Cryptkeeper functionality by following the directions given here:

http://linuxg.net/how-to-restore-the-systray-whitelist-on-ubuntu-13-04/

I have just upgraded my laptop and desktop to 13.04 and after doing the above, Cryptkeeper works just fine on both units.


Fans go in overdrive on my Inspiron 9400! What should I do?

I'd suspect you have one process taking one of your two cores.  This raises the frequency to the maximum and this in turn raises the speed of the fans.

So you could can kick off the system monitor (you still have a good response time because the second core is not hogged up).

That's system => administration => system monitor => Processes tab.

See if one of your processes takes 50% CPU.  If it can be killed, kill it and see if the fan takes a break.

If so then you will still need to figure out why this process is spinning the CPU.


In my case, this was happening because a floppy drive was connected to the VM even though the host had no access to one. Once I "Disconnected" it from the VM from the "Removable Devices" dropdown, the issue went away. This was a Windows 8 host with VMWare 9 running Ubuntu. It also happened for a windows guest.


From your description it sounds like you may have hardware issues.  It could be your monitor, video cable, or graphics card.

Check to see if is just Ubuntu. Upon boot up the monitor display is clear for system splash screen and bios?  Try a live media like Ubuntu install disk or Knoppix. If it's still fuzzy, then it's not software.
Try plugging in the computer to another monitor or your TV and see if the problem migrates with your computer. If it's still fuzzy, then it's not your monitor.
Try a new video cable. If it's clear, throw out the old cable.
Use an alternate video source to test the monitor.


Getting unusual fradulent advertisment notifications as popup

Turns out someone had accidently pressed "Allow" for push notifications on a fraudulent site.
I changed notification permissions in Preferences and blocked few websites.


Correctly locate the desired field from cut operation

You don't have to use cut or awk at all. grep is also not recommended to be used with ps because not properly created grep query will also include itself in the output.

pgrep utility can do the job if you're only interested in PIDs.

$ pgrep -f wechat
8096
8115

If you're interested in other information, ps utility accepts list of columns that it should output in the -o option. pgrep is a utility for finding processes by name. Thus,what I personally do quite often is this:

pgrep -f wechat | xargs -I{} ps  -o pid,ppid,user -p {}

pgrep utility will look for processes that have wechat anywhere in their command-line. xargs will pass the output ( the PIDs ) to ps and place them to -p flag. -I will specify what token to use and where in the command the output should be placed.

$     pgrep -f wechat | xargs -I{} ps  -o pid,ppid,user -p {}
  PID  PPID USER
 8096  6825 root
  PID  PPID USER
 8115  8096 root

There's also --no-header option to get rid of column names

$ pgrep -f wechat | xargs -I{} ps  -o pid,ppid,user --no-header  -p {}
 8096  6825 root
 8115  8096 root

If you want to look only at electronic-wechat command, you might want to use pgrep electronic-wechat  only without using -f

See also man ps , specifically "STANDARD FORMAT SPECIFIERS" section for the list of available columns that you can pass to -o.

If you are interested in watching continuously the processes, then you might consider using top command, with a filter. You can set one via o key, view those you set via Ctrl+o, and reset filters with + key. Below is the screenshot after I've set a filter and that filter is shown with Ctrl+o


From https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UFW:

  Default rules are fine for the average home user
  When you turn UFW on, it uses a default set of rules (profile) that should be fine for the average home user. That's at least the goal of the Ubuntu developers. In short, all 'incoming' is being denied, with some exceptions to make things easier for home users.

When working with ufw you should provide a very specific set of rules, that you would like to use. You might need to specifically add the connection details, which you want to use.

It seems that you'll have to choose between tweaking the ufw profile or manually setting up rules.

Assuming all you want to do is block incoming connections from (1) 69.xxx.xxx.91 and (2) 91.xxx.0.0/16 I suggest you drop the use of ufw and utilize iptables yourself.

Blocking traffic in the most simple way in iptables is done by variations of the following command:

sudo iptables -A INPUT -j DROP

More information can be found here: Ubuntu IPtables How-To and here: IPtables Examples


If you mean System Configuration tools, I think there is a good chance if you will reinstall the ubuntu-desktop meta-package. In a terminal, type next command:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop