List zip files which have less than a specific number of files

for z in *.zip; do if (( $(unzip -l "$z" | sed -nr '$ s/.* ([0-9]+) files?/\1/p') < 15 )); then echo "$z"; fi; done

This lists the .zip files with less than 15 files to stdout (in the terminal), so if you want to create a list file, you can tee out or redirect. Here it is more readably, creating a list file at the end as well as printing in the terminal

for z in *.zip; do
   if (( $(unzip -l "$z" | sed -nr '$ s/.* ([0-9]+) files?/\1/p') < 15 )); then
      echo "$z"
   fi
done | tee small-zip-list

Notes

for z in *.zip loop over files ending with .zip and do something to each one, represented by the variable z referenced with $z
if (( $(unzip -l "$z" | sed -nr '$ s/.* ([0-9]+) files?/\1/p') < 15 )) make unzip count the files, extract the number from the output (there's surely a tidier way to extract only the number, but I know sed so I've used it - see @muru's comment for a simpler way that may be faster with many files) and test whether it's less than 15, and if it is
echo "$z" then print the filename
| tee small-zip-list also print output to a new file, as well as in the terminal


Are there any Apps to run Kodak ESP 3250?

When adding new printer use this PPD file.

Also you can try with this printer file at openprinting.org.

To add printer, go to System -> Administration -> Printing and click Add.

For using the printer, you simple use graphical, scanning and office apps as usual like openOffice, Gimp, Simple scan, etc...

good luck.


Two ethernet ports on motherboard. How can I get double the bandwidth?

It's very unlikely that bonding your interfaces will result in a speed increase.  Typically, even if you bond the interfaces successfully AND configure the switch to support the etherchannel), then you will still find that only one interface in the bond is used for each pair of source/destination TCP/UDP session.

So if you copy a 10Gb file from one server, then kick off another 10Gb copy to that server, assuming that you also have session based bonding, you'll see both cards maxed out.  But crucially, the first copy will only consume ONE network card, not both.

This is certainly the case with Cisco's etherchannel.  In fact, Cisco's etherchannel isn't even session based, it's source/destination based, so in my example above, you wouldn't even get a speed increase - your second copy would have to be to a completely different server before you saw both cards used.  Perhaps you have a better switch that allows for the port channel to utilise both cards simultaneously in one TCP/UDP session but it would require some pretty funky arp/MAC manipulation and I have no idea if the bonding module in linux supports that.

As for you, you're using a bog-standard home router, so switch-side support is out of the question here, meaning that your options are further limited (see the first article lined to below, where you will note that you now cannot use the best mode for link aggregation, mode 4).

If you're determined to go ahead with this, I found this five year old article which still seems relevant.  Additionally, this three year old article covers the same ground.

Hope it helps.


Copy symbolic files pointing to one source path1 to different source path2 in destination folder

You could realize that if you had created the symlinks with -r option and used relative links instead, so the symlink_file1, for example, would refer to ../../orig_file1.txt. And you also have to use the -P (no-dereference) option when copying.


OK, I have confirmed this on my T400 now. It seems to be problem with the latest kernel. So if you are not using kernel 2.6.35-24, do that and it will probably solve your problem also.


Unity doesn't have an "Application" menu in the top left, and the menu you're seeing is for the desktop. It should say "Ubuntu Desktop" when you're not hovering over that bar. Application menus in Unity are merged in with the panel, and it will always show the currently focused application.

If you're wanting the "Application" menu, you would need to use GNOME2. You can use GNOME2 by selecting it on your login page. It should be listed as "GNOME (Classic)".

If it's not located in the above box, run sudo apt-get install gnome-panel, logout, and try again.

If you want to stick with GNOME3, you can take a try at Cinnamon. You can install Cinnamon with:

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gwendal-lebihan-dev/cinnamon-stable
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install cinnamon


Status of rdp session manager sesman fail

I was having the same issue. For me I had to run the command with sudo in front of it, and it reported back "OK".


May I suggest doing this process instead:

Installing ubuntu with a bootable drive onto the computer you want to transfer the files to.
Use ubuntu's built in backup function to backup your files and contents to a usb.
restore the backup onto the new computer!

Thanks, hope this helps.


Conveniently switch between Apple and PC keyboard (swap Windows and Alt keys)

This is on Ubuntu 10.04.

Manually swapping the Windows and Alt keys

System -> Preferences -> Keyboard
Layouts tab
Click "Options..."
Expand "Alt/Win key behavior"
Choose between:

Default (when using the PC keyboard)
"LeftAlt is swapped with Left Win" (when using the Apple keyboard)

Semi-automated swapping

I have added this to my .bashrc:

# Output the gconf settings for enabled or disabled keyboard swapping based on whether the argument is "apple"
setting_for_alt_key () {
  gconftool --get /desktop/gnome/peripherals/keyboard/kbd/options \
  | ruby -e 'set = {}; STDIN.gets.strip.gsub(/\]|\[/, "").split(",").each{|x| set[x]=1}; set["altwin\taltwin:swap_lalt_lwin"]=1; STDOUT.write "[" + set.keys.select{|x| ARGV[0] == "apple" || x !~ /swap_lalt/ }.join(",") + "]"' \
    "$1"
}

kmac () { gconftool --set --type=list --list-type=string /desktop/gnome/peripherals/keyboard/kbd/options "$(setting_for_alt_key apple)"; }
kpc  () { gconftool --set --type=list --list-type=string /desktop/gnome/peripherals/keyboard/kbd/options "$(setting_for_alt_key)"; }

Then when I activate the Apple keyboard, I type kmac at the terminal. When I deactivate it, I type kpc. So far I have not been able to justify auto-detection.

(Also, if somebody has a better way to work with Gconf, either with gconftool-2 or perhaps language bindings, I'd love to hear it.)


Installing old MySQL server 4.1 on Ubuntu 11.04

I know this is an older post, but this page is one of the top links I found when searching and many of the links like this one are unanswered.  But there is a solution!  The YouTube link (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Ar5QszDYEs) shows the manual installation of MySQL 4.1.22 from source files in 6.06... but it still works in 11.05 with minimal alteration.  The steps I followed were:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install build-essential checkinstall libncurses5-dev curl
curl --o mysql-4.1.24.tar.gz http://mirror.provenscaling.com/mysql/community/source/4.1/mysql-4.1.24.tar.gz
sudo tar -xvzf mysql-4.1.24.tar.gz --directory=/usr/local/src
cd /usr/local/src/mysql-4.1.24/
sudo groupadd mysql
sudo useradd -g mysql mysql
sudo apt-get install
sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
sudo make
sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql
sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql/include
sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql
sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql/lib
sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql
sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql/share
sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql/man
sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test
sudo checkinstall
    y
    mysql-server 4.1.24
dpkg -l | grep -i mysql
sudo cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cd /usr/local/mysql/
pwd
bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
sudo chown -R root .
sudo chown -R mysql var
sudo chgrp -R mysql .
bin/mysql --version
bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
sudo bin/mysqld_safe user=mysql &

I hope this helps someone else too!


Actually my problem is about qgis window that larger than the workspace... I can fix this issue by deleting .qgis2 folder in /home/username. After deleted this folder, a new folder with same name will be created when starting qgis. I lost my plugin after doing this, but this really fix the issue.


How to check which package created a user?

This will work reasonably reliably if the package was installed via dpkg (including with apt install). See muru's answer for a list of users created in the default Ubuntu installation and the package that creates them. For those users, this method will not produce any output.
You can use the command:
grep -RlE '(adduser|useradd).*systemd' /var/lib/dpkg/info --include='*inst' | sed -r 's:.*/(.*)\.[-a-z]+inst:\1:'

replace <user> with the name of the user you are interested in, for example, systemd
This searches the preinst and postinst scripts of all packages known to dpkg for the adduser or useradd command and the user in question, to see which package is responsible for creating that user. The result is piped to sed so it returns only the package name itself instead of the full name of the script file.
Explanation

grep -RlE search recursively and print only the names of files containing matches, use extended regular expressions
'(adduser|useradd).*<user>' /var/lib/dpkg/info --include='*inst' search for the adduser or useradd command and the user you want to find on the same line (.* will match any characters between them, catching any command options) in the directory where dpkg stores scripts, in files whose names end with inst
sed -r 's:.*/(.*)\.[-a-z]+inst:\1:' strip off everything before & including the last / in the full path and the .preinst or .postinst extension

Thanks to @muru for suggesting a neater and faster way of searching than using find here :)


Usually this kind of problem are caused by a bad behaviour of xrandr or a bad configuration of X or a bad configuration of the local scripts like the scripts that you have hidden in your home folder ~.

Try to investigate xrandr, i know that this is probably not a complete answer but do not expect to solve problems like this one with a tip or a trick in 1 row of code, especially with driver like the ones from Intel that are not so famous for their performance and reliability.

What i can say is that if your X is properly installed its own configuration are mainly managed through xrandr and after xrandr comes the files under /etc/ and the local scripts in your home folder.


files list file for package 'libgslcblas0:amd64' is missing final newline

Remove problematic file and

sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/libgslcblas0*.list

reinstall the package

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgslcblas0:amd64


The problem boiled down to an issue with my .xbindkeysrc.scm file. I had explored a tutorial on the topic some weeks back and had downloaded a tutorial (.xbindkeysrc.scm) file. After playing with the tutorial for a little while, I disabled the file.

When doing some housekeeping on my system this morning, I inadvertently re-enabled the file. This caused the mysterious behavior.


How do I install a .crt file in Firefox for Windmill Testing Framework?

The .crt file is already installed in the Firefox profile created by Windmill. No additional steps are required.

You can verify this by running Firefox through Windmill, then opening Edit (menu) | Preferences (menu option) | Advanced (tab) | Encryption (tab) | View Certificates (button) | Authorities (tab), and scrolling down the list to confirm Windmill is listed.

If for some reason it isn't (due to a bug) you could try adding it manually. In general Linux/Ubuntu applications don't use a central resource for certificate authorities, so you can follow the directions above and click the Import... button. The Windmill CA instructions include links to the latest .crt file.

This hasn't actually solved my problem, but eliminates this as the cause and answers the question.


Why didn't virtual ubuntu halts clearly?

You shouldn't be using halt, especially in a VM. These are the Three Shutdown commands and their meanings:

halt brings the system down to its lowest state, but leaves it powered on.
shutdown brings the system down to its lowest state, and will turn off power (soft power switch) if it can. Most computers now can do so.
reboot restarts the system. It brings the system down to its lowest state, then starts it up again.

As you can see halt only exits the OS, it doesn't Power off the machine. You should use a different command. I recommend you use the sudo shutdown -P now command in Terminal. Or if you want to use the VirtualBox Quit Menu then "Send the ShutDown Signal" should work if you have the Power Settings setup right in the VM.

That should work fine for you. Why you were using halt, I don't understand.


Thanks to the letsencrypt community I found a simple solution.

The error originates from missing newlines at the end of each enabled (apache) site.
So you either add them to each file in sites-enabled or 'sites-available' (both usually located in /etc/apache2/) or you can use Yanson's one liner:

for f in /etc/apache2/sites-available/*; do sed -i '$a\' "$f"; done


Rosewill Apollo RK-9100xR driver for Ubuntu

Is there a way I can find a driver for it and install it

No, it looks like there is not even a hint of this keyboard in relation to anything else than Windows.

If not on their website I would advice to mail them and ask for them to supply it (something like "I am very fond of this keyboard but had to return it because I could not get this to work on Ubuntu"). If nobody mails the they never will create one.

I would approach this from another angle and advice to have a look at the xset command (xset is a tool to confige settings and the led options toggles leds). If these work:

xset  led named "Scroll Lock"
xset -led named "Scroll Lock"

you could alter your keyboard layout to execute these commands. xset has many more options:

led     The  led  option controls the keyboard LEDs.  This controls the
           turning on or off of one or all of the  LEDs.   It  accepts  an
           optional  integer, a preceding dash(-) or an 'on/off' flag.  If
           no parameter or the 'on' flag is given, all LEDs are turned on.
           If  a  preceding  dash or the flag 'off' is given, all LEDs are
           turned off.  If a value between 1 and 32  is  given,  that  LED
           will  be  turned on or off depending on the existence of a pre‐
           ceding dash.  ``xset led 3'' would turn led #3 on.  ``xset -led
           3''  would turn it off.  The particular LED values may refer to
           different LEDs on different hardware.  If the X server supports
           the  XKEYBOARD  (XKB)  extension, leds may be referenced by the
           XKB indicator name by specifying the `named'  keyword  and  the
           indicator name.   For example, to turn on the Scroll Lock LED:

           xset led named "Scroll Lock"


Google Chrome not rendering Kannada correctly?

I installed ttf-kannada-fonts_0.5.11ubuntu1_all  package from the software channel
And kannada fonts in websites like Facebook and http://kannada.oneindia.in/  are working just fine.

I have Lubuntu 12.04 OS and inbuilt Chrome Browser.


Ubuntu 20.04.01, full disk encryption, btrfs, & hibernation?

Swap File and Hibernation
A computer can have multiple swap partitions and a fresh install of Ubuntu will use them all, even if they are not listed in fstab, In addition the computer can use a single swap file if it is listed in fstab.
Even Live and Persistent bootable USB devices will use all the swap partition(s) they find.
Ubuntu 20.04 will create a swap file during installation as long as there are no existing swap partitions on the computer.
Once the swap file has been added to fstab the computer will not use any swap partition that are not listed in fstab.
Security:
A swap file is part of the root partition and automatically gets encrypted along with it.
To replace a swap partition with a swap file:

Check the swap that is in use:
sudo swapon -s

If swap partition(s) found:
sudo swapoff -a
sudo nano -Bw /etc/fstab

Add "# " before the UUID of the swap partition(s):
# UUID=XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX   none   swap    sw     0       0

Add a line for the swapfile:
swapfile   none    swap     sw      0       0

Create the swap file:
sudo fallocate -l XG /swapfile

Where X is the swapfile size in GB
    sudo mkswap /swapfile

    sudo chown 0600 /swapfile

    sudo swapon /swapfile

Reboot:
sudo reboot

To Enable Hibernation:

Increase swap file size to match RAM size up to 8GB per above as required.

Edit /etc/default/grub to add resume location and offset to grub.cfg:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash resume=UUID=XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX resume_offset=XXXXX"

Use UUID from root.

Use offset from sudo filefrag -v /swapfile |grep " 0:"| awk '{print $4}'

Update GRUB
sudo update-grub

Test hibernation
sudo systemctl hibernate

A hibernate button can be added using gnome extensions.
NOTES:

There is a slight possibility of getting holes in a swapfile when creating it with fallocate. /var/log/syslog can be searched for the phrase swapon: swapfile has holes to ensure there will be no data loss.


ctrl+alt+f8 pulls blank screen. What is this for?

Only virtual terminals 1 through 7 are used by default on Ubuntu. Virtual terminals beyond 7 are left unused. But if you use multiple logins using the "Switch Account" feature, then these will go from 8 onwards.


sysvinit services not starting on boot, upstart services starting

After several tries to fix the problem or find out, what the problem is, i have now reinstalled with the actual Ubuntu 14.04 image and all is working now. Unhappily i can't say, what the problem was :(


Can't reach login screen after accidental power loss during an upgrade

You could try the recovery mode.

Then I'd try to restart the upgrade process with

do-release-upgrade

If that doesn't work, try the following:

apt-get install -f

dpkg --configure -a


Running:

sudo apt-get install -f

Should resolve all dependency issues.


Ubuntu wifi hotspot cannot share network

OK, I find solution by myself.

I just change my private network from 192.168.1.0/24 to 10.6.1.0/24

I don`t know where the problem came from. But it works for me


Virtual terminal 1 not working, system logs out instead

The assignment of virtual consoles has changed since a few Ubuntu editions. Previously, tty7 would be assigned to graphical applications. All other tty's would be text consoles.

In Ubuntu 19.04, tty1 is assigned to GDM. Your running session is assigned to tty2. tty3 and others are text virtual consoles.

Indeed, because of this, swithing back to tty1 shows you the login screen. You are not logged out though: filling in your credentials on the GDM screen will bring you back to your running session.

So it now works a little bit differently. In order to use a virtual text console, move to tty3 and up. Move back to tty2 to resume your graphical session.


In this case i would say just reinstall ubuntu.

Boot using live CD
Open terminal and do sudo nautilus
Copy your Home directory to an external device
Remove your ubuntu parions using gparted
Start installation
Copy over your files / or just the files you need ;).
Start configurate your system again (Have fun with that).


Why can't I create an extended partition?

Extended partitions are not used in GPT. Since you're using Windows 10, it's usually the case that your partition table is GPT and you can create as many primary partitions as you need. Run sudo parted -l, which should list the "Partition Table". If that's GPT, go ahead with creating primary partitions.


For development I would just choose the desktop version. The server version is one that only comes with a command line interface by default. Since you have 4 GB of RAM, a 64 bit installation is adviced.

You can install any IDE or other tools you need from the Ubuntu Software Centre (GCC is installed by default), including QtCreator for developing Qt applications.


How to add my favorite places as a quicklist in my home's icon in Unity?

ubuntu 11.10
Copy 'Home Folder' launcher file to your home directory:
cp /usr/share/applications/nautilus-home.desktop ~/.local/share/applications

Open the file for editing in gedit:
gedit ~/.local/share/applications/nautilus-home.desktop

copy of mine below:
[Desktop Entry]

Name=Home Folder
Comment=Open your personal folder
TryExec=nautilus
Exec=nautilus --no-desktop
Icon=user-home
Terminal=false
StartupNotify=true
Type=Application
Categories=GNOME;GTK;Core;
OnlyShowIn=GNOME;Unity;
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Bugzilla=GNOME
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Product=nautilus
X-GNOME-Bugzilla-Component=general
X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=nautilus

X-Ayatana-Desktop-Shortcuts=Videos;Documents;Music;Pictures;Downloads
[Videos Shortcut Group]
Name=Videos
Exec=nautilus Videos
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[Documents Shortcut Group]
Name=Documents
Exec=nautilus Documents
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[Music Shortcut Group]
Name=Music
Exec=nautilus Music
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[Pictures Shortcut Group]
Name=Pictures
Exec=nautilus Pictures
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[Downloads Shortcut Group]
Name=Downloads
Exec=nautilus Downloads
TargetEnvironment=Unity

after you have logged out and back (or just restart unity by typing unity in a terminal in you will have folders as a quicklist for the home folder icon.


It depends on how you are going to use Ubuntu. If you don't know how much you want to use Ubuntu, or if you are going to use Windows more often, use the Windows Installer. Ubuntu can easily be uninstalled with the Windows installer, and you don't need to worry about partitioning if you do uninstall it.

If you are sure that you are going to primarily use Ubuntu, but you are still going to use Windows from time to time and you have enough disk space, dual boot. There is less of a risk of Ubuntu damaging your Windows install and Ubuntu will be faster. Also, dual booting is easy. Just click "Install ubuntu alongside Windows" in the installer


Netbook edition 10.04 default mail client

There is an extension to let Thunderbird work with the Ubuntu Mail Indicator (aka the envelop icon on the taskbar). Install it in Thunderbird.


installing android sdk in android studio

This is my way to install Android Studio in Ubuntu.

Open your terminal and input the commands below:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:paolorotolo/android-studio
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install android studio


This happened to me after I installed the nvidia drivers. The fix I used was the top answer:

Enabling Nvidia driver messes up splash screen


Yes, you can remove the bottom one. You can get multiple entries for a computer when you authorize a machine multiple times. As the machine will only keep the latest tokens it got from the server, you can safely remove the other, older ones.


Run the following command in terminal:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface toolbar-style 'icons'

The other valid values are: 'both', 'both-horiz', and 'text'.

The changes should be visible immediately, so you don't need any restart or re-login.


Gnome Shell - Battery only charges to about 90-91%

This is a problem with your battery. Your battery has either stopped functioning properly or has reached the end of its life. You should buy a new battery.


Your version of npm is not up to date, so you cannot install Cordova until you successfully update it. After your npm is updated to npm 6.1.0 Cordova can be installed successfully. The best way to update npm is to install the node snap package which has npm bundled with it, and then update npm with sudo npm i npm.

Node.js is available as a snap package in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu. Specific to Node.js, developers can choose from one of the currently supported releases and get regular automatic updates directly from NodeSource. Node.js versions 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 and 14 are currently available, with the Snap Store being updated within hours or minutes of a Node.js release.
Node can be installed with a single command, for example:
sudo snap install node --classic --channel 11/stable

The node snap can be accessed by the command node, for example:
$ node -v
v11.5.0
An up-to-date version of npm will installed as part of the node snap. npm should be run outside of the node repl, in your normal shell. After installing the node snap run the following command to enable npm update checking:
sudo chown -R $USER:$(id -gn $USER) /home/your-username/.config
Replace  your-username in the above command with your own username. Then run npm -v to check if the version of npm is up-to-date. As an example I checked that npm was up-to-date, checked the version of an already installed package named yarn with the command npm list yarn and then updated the existing yarn package to the latest version with the command npm update yarn
Users can switch between versions of Node.js at any time without needing to involve additional tools like nvm (Node Version Manager), for example:
sudo snap refresh node --channel=10/stable

Users can test bleeding-edge versions of Node.js that can be installed from the latest edge channel which is currently tracking Node.js version 12 by switching with:
sudo snap switch node --edge

This approach is only recommended for those users who are willing to participate in testing and bug reporting upstream.
Node.js LTS Schedule
Release LTS Status  Codename    LTS Start       Maintenance Start Maintenance End
6.x     Active      Boron       2016-10-18      April 2018        April 2019
7.x     No LTS
8.x     Active      Carbon      2017-10-31      April 2019        December 2019
9.x     No LTS
10.x    Active      Dubnium     October 2018    April 2020        April 2021
11.x    No LTS                                  2019-04-01        2019-06-30
12.x    No LTS                  2019-10-22      2021-04-01        2022-04-01
13.x    No LTS                                  2020-04-20        2020-06-01
14.x    Current     Fermium     2020-10-20      2021-10-20        2023-04-30


Windows can't see a partition after i installed ubuntu

Open the Windows Disk Management console using start -> run -> diskmgmt.msc

Find the right partition, right mouse click and mount it from there.


Boot your machine with Ubuntu Live CD and select Trying Ubuntu without installation option when it is prompted (Live CD mode)

Identify the root partition
By terminal

sudo fdisk -l

This command will shows all disks connected. The entry having a * near the device name will be the root partition.(urs is sdb1)

Mount the root partition

Create a mounting point

mkdir  /mnt

Now mount your root partition

Sudo mount /dev/sdb1  /mnt

Run the following commands to export the pesudo file system of Live CD to your would be root file system soon.

$ sudo mkdir /mnt/dev
$ sudo mkdir /mnt/proc
$ sudo mkdir /mnt/sys
$ sudo mount ‐‐bind /dev /mnt/dev
$ sudo mount ‐‐bind /proc /mnt/proc
$ sudo mount ‐‐bind /sys /mnt/sys

Change the root file system of live system to your hard disk

$ sudo chroot /mnt

update GRUB

$ sudo upate-grub

Reboot and eject Ubuntu Live CD


How can I set identical keyboard shortcuts when in a different input language Kubuntu 16.04

Shortcuts including a character seems to be bound to that character, not to a particular key. For instance, Ctrl+A selects all text when you are typing. If I switch to a French keyboard layout that's still true, even if A is now accessed through another key (i.e. the key which you use to type Q with an English (US) layout.

However, it does not work with non-latin layouts which lack the corresponding English characters. There is a bug report about the problem.


install CMake occurs a error, how to deal with it?

Installation requires root privilages. So you have to use sudo make install Instead of make install


Wine cannot execute a .exe file and gives error message "failed to set token information. Invalid function (1)"

Even if you got the program to run somehow, programs running inside Wine cannot interface with USB devices.

You can either

find a native Linux software for your power meter or
run the program inside a Windows guest system inside a virtual machine on Ubuntu.


How to dual boot in Asus Vivobook 15 x512 laptop

dont use rufus. use etcher. make sure you partition your drive while in windows, before anything. dont turn off fast boot. only disable secure boot. make sure your laptop is plugged in. for some reason i kept getting stuck until i kept my laptop plugged in the whole time.when you power on hit esc until boot option shows. i have an asus vivobook


Accessing grub after Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS installation

Final edit, for the straight to results solution.

Make sure you turn off UEFI completely in BIOS.  i.e Use Legacy. If the option UEFI/Legacy appears on more than one BIOS menu, make sure Legacy is selected on all.

Boot into the Live CD

Do not reset or logout until you complete all of the steps or you will have to reinstall any program mentioned here as the Live CD will not save changes.

On the Live session install gparted, either through the GUI Software Center or with sudo apt-get install gparted

Open Gparted from the apps list and then select the hard drive on top right section.

With the drive selected delete all of the partitions on it by right clicking and selecting delete. Write those changes by clicking the check mark icon in the top menu

Once that is complete, select "Device" from the top text menu and "Create Partition Table"

When the pop up appears select ms-dos and write the changes. You can tell it to ignore any errors if you get any more popups.

Once that is done you have an MBR hard drive that is ready for Legacy booting.

Reboot and try installing Ubuntu again. Let the installer auto partition the hardrive, ,i.e Use Entire disk , with or without LVM.


You may have a graphics driver problem. Launch the app called "Software Sources".
Go to the "Additional drivers" tab and see whether there is more appropriate driver for you to install.


boot from your upgrade version CD and reinstall. but make sure you have your power supply plugged in.


How to make CTRL+F4 to close the current tab in Firefox?

Install Customizable shortcuts for Firefox. (Its an extension)
https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/customizable-shortcuts/

In preferences change the Tab closing shortcut.

This might Do.


First, in Nautilus select the relevant .odt documents...

UPDATE:
You can fully "automate" the process by adding a Nautilus Action
sudo apt-get install nautilus-actions

eg (nautilus-actions setup):
Command: ooffice -writer -p -headless
Parameters: %M
Filenames: *.odt
[*] Appears if selection has multiple files of folders

or:
here is my original "Terminal" version

In Nautilus copy selected files to the clipboard (filenames are stored)...

Set up your required printer settings in OpenOffice...

In gnome-terminal, use the context-menu item Paste Filenames ...
Note: the pasted filenames are: 'single-quoted' and space delimited

ooffice -writer -p 'YOUR' 'PASTED' 'FILENAMES' &

I don't know how long a Terminal command-line can handle, but it does work..
(I just tested it;  printing to a cups-pdf virtual "printer")

On newer versions of Ubuntu featuring LibreOffice instead of OpenOffice be sure to use the libreoffice-command instead.

on libreoffice you might also have to use "--" instead of "-", the full command then is:

libreoffice --writer -p --headless 'filename1' 'filename2'


Installing Ubuntu on a SecureBoot machine with no existing OS

Go to the BIOS menu by pressing DELETE or F2 or whatever the key combination is for your laptop. There should be an option to disable Secure Boot. Look in the UEFI section its probably in there.


Prevent group ownership change on file save?

Linux saves the file using your active group, so change your active group before you edit.

Easiest method is to change your primary group.

You can do this temporarily with newgrp , this command starts a new shell

newgrp www-data
gedit your_file
exit

If you want to change your primary group permanently, use usermod

usermod -g www-data your_user


"Stopping CPU interrupts balancing daemon" after uninstalling LightDM

This is now fixed. I had to revert it to one of the back-ups.
I would still be interested in a way to properly fix it if anyone cares to write it.


How to reset mysql root password without logging into mysql?

sudo dpkg-reconfigure mysql-server-x.x

Replace x.x with your current mysql server version.

Than it will prompt for a new password.


Run two commands sequentially using crontab

Technically, A && B will only execute B when A is successful (exits with status of EXIT_SUCCESS, i.e. 0). Likewise, A || B will only execute B when A fails. Another option could be A; B which should execute B regardless of the exit status of A, but not until A has completed. I don't know how the games is currently exiting, but if it is not exiting with an EXIT_SUCCESS status, then B won't get executed.

To test this you can run the following commands and see which ones generate the string:

perl -e 'exit 0' && echo "exit was successful"
perl -e 'exit 0' || echo "exit was successful"
perl -e 'exit 0'; echo "exit was successful"
perl -e 'exit 1' && echo "exit was failure"
perl -e 'exit 1' || echo "exit was failure"
perl -e 'exit 1'; echo "exit was failure"

Finally, you could create a shell script /usr/games/supertux2.sh:

#!/bin/sh
/usr/games/supertux2
echo "PASSWORD" | sudo -S shutdown -h now

And then call that on reboot, rather than /usr/games/supertux2


How to enable compiz effects in Unity 2d?

Output of /usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test, please? This will tell if effects are currently supported.
If they are, you can enable them using compiz --replace (ALT+F2). If they're not, check if there are any restricted drivers available, enable them, reboot, and try again.


Horizontal disturbance while playing videos in Ubuntu 11.10

If you are using the proprietary AMD video drivers (fglrx), then this is a well known problem. There is a setting in the AMD Catalyst Control Center that is supposed to fix this (I think it's called tear free playback or something like this). Another solution, which will probably work, is to uninstall fglrx and use the open source radeon driver instead (which in turn has its own problems like bad performance in games and no audio when using hdmi).


I am assuming that you want to keep 4.10 and remove everything else.

Make sure that you are running 4.10 and simply do

cd /boot
sudo rm abi-4.4* abi-4.8* config-4.4* config-4.8* initrd.img-4.4* initrd.img-4.8* System.map-4.4* System.map-4.8* vmlinuz-4.4* vmlinuz-4.8*
cd /lib/modules/
sudo rm -r 4.4.0-43-generic/ 4.4.0-45-generic/ 4.8.0-30-generic/
sudo update-grub


Ubuntu 14.10 Startup & Shutdown Issues w/ HP Pavilion x360

using Ubuntu GNOME 15.04 Alpha 2 solves most of the problems. My computer fails to load when I let it start with no intervention. If I stroke an arrow key and select Ubuntu (even if it's the only OS), the computer loads.

The shut down seems to be fixed with this.

echo "blacklist dw_dmac" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
echo "blacklist dw_dmac_core" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

By the way, Ubuntu 15.04 is really stable in my PC, only one reboot in two weeks, even with Alpha 1. So, more stable than Windows 8.1.


How can I fix my slow internet connection on Ubuntu 17.04?

Note: make sure your router is set to WPA2-AES.

Your problem is with the MTU setting for your DSL connection.

There's a MTU setting in Ubuntu's network configuration, and a WAN MTU setting in your router.

For DSL, a common MTU setting is 1492. Just go ahead and try this value first and see if your network performance improves.

To determine the correct setting, start with all MTU settings = 1500 and VPN = off. (VPN requires different testing).

In terminal:

ping [-c count] [-M do] [-s packet_size] [host]

The options used are:

c count: number of times to ping
M hint: Select Path MTU Discovery strategy.  may be either do (prohibit fragmentation, even local one), want (do PMTU discovery, fragment locally when packet size is large), or dont (do not set DF flag).
s packet_size: Specifies the number of data bytes to be sent.

You should always start at 1472 and work your way down by 10 each time. Once you get a reply, go up by 1 until you get a fragmented packet. Take that value (last good value) and add 28 to the value to account for the various TCP/IP headers. Eg. let's say that 1452 was the proper packet size (where you first got an ICMP reply to your ping). The actual MTU size would be 1480, which is the optimum for the network we're working with.

ping -c 4 -M do -s 1472 8.8.8.8 # this will probably show fragmentation

ping -c 4 -M do -s 1462 8.8.8.8 # may show fragmentation

ping -c 4 -M do -s 1452 8.8.8.8 # no fragmentation?

ping -c 4 -M do -s 1453 8.8.8.8 # still no fragmentation?

reference: How to determine the proper MTU size with ICMP pings


Partitioning my drive is no longer possible - Dual-boot Ubuntu with Kali-Linux is problematic

Note:

Please back up your system and read through first before carrying out

Points to note:

- installation mode of Ubuntu
- number of partitions created in Kali Linux
- see third option

To create a dual bootable HDD for Kali Linux and Ubuntu.

Methods:

Preferably if you have already installed Ubuntu in legacy mode then install the Linux in the same mode.

Step1:

Make a bootable live USB with kalilinux and follow the boot setup
instructions to set boot priority #1 as live USB

Step2:

Here you can choose either try Kali live or graphical install.

Step3:

If you choose try Kali live and like to proceed for the installation press
window+s on keyboard and in the search column type install
select install option and follow the instructions properly.

Step4:

While partition the disk make sure that you have to make three partitions one for swap area, one for root and the other one for home.
Swap area:4gb space is enough, /root minimum 6gb and /home.

Step5:

After the partition continue to the installation and grub is installed
automatically check whether Ubuntu is is detected by the kalilinux grub.
If in case not detected do boot repair with live USB in kalilinux
to load grub menu

If Ubuntu is in uefi mode then install kalilinux in legacy mode and follow the same procedure for the installation.
This option works best when creating things fresh:

step1:

Create Ubuntu live CD and use gparted to wipe out the existing partitions.

step2:

Then create two partitions of equal sizes.

step3:

Install Kali first and point it at one of the partitions.

step4:

Then installed Ubuntu but don't choose the install alongside Kali option
which would divide the 350GB partition Kali was on. Choose the something
else option and point Ubuntu at the other partition. After the installation
both should be in GRUB.

Source:

https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2337770

https://www.quora.com/How-can-I-dual-boot-my-system-using-Ubuntu-and-kali-Linux


How to disable transparency when a window is highlighted?

Try this and see if it helps (there are an huge number of options and it can be a bit overwhelming).

Go to Applications -> Settings -> System Settings

Under Workspace click the Desktop Behaviour icon now click the Desktop Effects icon

Scroll down to Translucency and click the square config icon for loads of options


You can install a better driver this way:

sudo apt-get install -y git build-essential
git clone https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new.git
cd rtlwifi_new
make
sudo make install

Note You will need to reinstall the driver after each kernel upgrade.

Update I made a DKMS version of same driver. It can be installed by

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtlwifi-new-dkms

If you are on Ubuntu 14.04 or 15.04, I recommend to upgrade linux-firmware from same ppa.

sudo apt-get install linux-firmware.

In this case the driver will be automatically rebuilt after kernel upgrades.

In case you install from PPA, you do not need to install from git


I need help with a stripped version of Ubuntu

Does it have apt-get or aptitude? You can probably do sudo apt-get install software-center if so.


Unable to shut down laptop after Logging Out of Ubuntu 12.04

If you’re trying Ubuntu in live mode, the username is “ubuntu” without any passwords, i.e. hit Enter when prompting for password.

Meanwhile, in such situations simply press and hold the power button to turn the computer off.


Use gconftool-2 for other users settings

Well, you will obviously need write access to their .gconf/ folder.  But if you have that, I think gconftool-2 --config-source=$THEIRHOME/.gconf/ might work.  (Untested since I'm the only user on this computer.)


How to play Dolby TrueHD 7.1 ATMOS files?

VLC

The current stable release of VLC (2.2.4) does not support Dolby Atmos 7.1 sound.

The current nightly build of version 3 does support Dolby Atmos.
The fix was committed on February 2nd, 2017.
There is a closed ticket on this issue.

mplayer

mplayer supports Dolby Atmos TrueHD 7.1 as of sometime before 2017.

I have not been able to find exactly when this was fixed in mplayer.
It seems it was fixed in ffmpeg, which mplayer uses, back in 2015.

See http://trac.ffmpeg.org/ticket/3960 for more history.

Kodi

Kodi uses mplayer for video playback and therefore will support TrueHD audio as long as the underlying mplayer version does.


Replace the customized configuration file..?

The /etc/default/rcS file affects the behavior of the boot scripts.  You can use the installation process to look at the difference between the two files if you are not sure if you have made any changes to the file.

When I'm not sure about a configuration file I usually drop into a shell and copy that file to something similar to rcS.old, then allow the overwrite so that I can later examine the changes and use both to create my best configuration file between the two.

Of course the options are:
(Example prompt)

Configuration file `/etc/bash.bashrc'
 ==> Modified (by you or by a script) since installation.
 ==> Package distributor has shipped an updated version.
   What would you like to do about it ?  Your options are:
    Y or I  : install the package maintainer's version
    N or O  : keep your currently-installed version
      D     : show the differences between the versions
      Z     : start a shell to examine the situation
 The default action is to keep your current version.
*** bash.bashrc (Y/I/N/O/D/Z) [default=N] ?


Can I configure a keyboard shortcut to switch the content when using dual monitors?

You can move a single window from one monitor to another using the keyboard. But I don't know a way to swap all windows. Maybe a little scripting based on the Put compiz plugin that allows the keyboard shortcut.


HDMI not detected on Ubuntu 18.04 GTX1650 Asus

Nvidia

The recommended Nvidia driver for Gefore GTX1650 is 430.09. It can be downloaded at here, or direct download. Also, check your BIOS to assure that the hdmi port is properly enabled. Check if the hdmi port works under Windows. Check that in Ubuntu, the hdmi display is enabled in the Displays settings.

BIOS

In the terminal, do sudo dmidecode -s bios-version and check your BIOS version. You have 308. It should be 310 to be current. The newer BIOS can be downloaded from here. Assure good backups before updating your BIOS.


Apparently, if I type the capitals using Shift button, then the password is accepted, but not using the CAPS LOCK. I dont know what the reason is, but it worked.

I searched a bit. It looks like in my recent updates, this new setting was added. So it is that. Use shift instead of Caps Lock.


You can use sed to extract the id directly in the script:

#!/bin/bash
# get current id from xinput
id=$(xinput | sed -nE 's/.*ELECOM ELECOM TrackBall Mouse.*id=([0-9]+).*pointer.*/\1/p')
# swap middle and right buttons
xinput --set-button-map $id 3 2 1

The sed command searches xinput’s output for the matching line, replaces it with the id number and prints only (-n) this line, i.e. just the number. This id is saved as variable $id which is then simply used in the xinput command. One could even leave out the variable and just write

xinput --set-button-map $(xinput | sed …) 3 2 1

but that’s not very clear – in a script, I prefer the variable with an explanatory comment.

You could also grep two times to extract the correct id:

xinput | grep pointer | grep -oP "ELECOM ELECOM TrackBall Mouse *id=\K[0-9]+"

The first grep excludes every line not containing “pointer”, the second one prints just the id in the line containing “ELECOM ELECOM TrackBall Mouse” using PCRE black magic.


How to periodically and automatically backup my system files in Ubuntu 18.04 with ZFS on root?

It took several days of work, but I was able to solve my problem by changing my back-up command and changing a setting on my NAS.
Here is my updated script, which I created a cron job for:
#!/bin/bash

sudo rsync -aAXvlH --delete --exclude={"/bin/*","/boot/*","/dev/*","/home/*","/lib/*","/lib32/*","/lib64/*","/media/*","/mnt/*","/NAS/*","/Pool-1tb/*","/Pool-500gb/*","/proc/*","/run/*","/sbin/*","/srv/*","/sys/*","/tmp/*","/usr/bin/*","/usr/games/*","/usr/include/*","/usr/lib/*","/usr/lib32/*","/usr/libexec/*","/usr/sbin/*","/usr/share/*","/usr/src/*",".Trash*"} / /NAS/System\ Files/

Here are the flags I used:
-a - Archive mode includes among other things, the options -o and -g, which preserves owners and groups. This requires that you run rsync as root.
-A - Preserve Access Control List.
-X - Preserve extended attributes.
-v - It will show the progress of the backup.
-l - Copy symlinks as symlinks.
-H - Preserve hard links.

To resolve the plethora of symlink errors I got when running rsync, on my Synology, I had to go to Control Panel / File Services / SMB / Advanced Settings and had to check the box next to "Allow symbolic links within shared folders".
If you found this helpful, please consider an up-vote. Thanks!


Appmenu has disappeared after panel restore

This will give you a default set of panels:

gconftool-2 --shutdown
rm -rf ~/.gconf/apps/panel
pkill gnome-panel


Bumblebee: Cannot access secondary GPU - error: [XORG] (EE) No devices detected

The following AskUbuntu answer fixed it for me:
https://askubuntu.com/a/285638/47280

Basically, you need to edit /etc/bumblebee/xorg.conf.nvidia and uncomment the following line:

BusID "PCI:01:00:0"

In the config, it states that this is necessary for Ubuntu 13.04. This number refers to the BusID of your GPU, so if it's different then go to the other answer for full instructions.


Prevent screen standby for always on xubuntu 20.04 via SSH

This sets some of the options:
nano .xinitrc
    #!/bin/sh
    xset -dpms
    xset s off
    xset s noblank

From : https://linux.die.net/man/1/xset
The -dpms option disables DPMS (Energy Star) features.
The s option lets you set the screen saver parameters. This option accepts up to two numerical parameters, a 'blank/noblank' flag, an 'expose/noexpose' flag, an 'on/off' flag, an 'activate/reset' flag, or the 'default' flag.
For full usage of the command please visit the link above.
This will disable power options and screensaver for your display. As much as I'm aware Ubuntu doesn't suspend/sleep/hibernate whole PC automatically for always-powered devices, at least I never had Ubuntu do this on me without setting it up on my own.


nextcloud server with snap package on xenial

found here the answer for where are the logs

the short answer is in  /var/snap/ nextcloud/current/apache/logs for apache logs .

and how restart / check the status :

short answer :

systemctl status snap.nextcloud.apache

Still looking for : How change an apache parameters (eg port listenning)


Ubuntu 19.10 login stuck on purple screen at login

I found out that the Nvidia card at boot switches to a hypothetical second screen, sets it as primary and shows only the blank secondary. When I move the mouse to the right, the mouse pointer appears coming from the left side of the screen - hence there is a second screen to the left of my laptop that I can't see. But I can access it, typing

Enter (My login password) Enter

and Ubuntu starts normally. the first time it happened it also showed me a blank desktop since also in GUI the primary desktop was the not-connected second screen. Changing the screen options on the laptop via shortcut (Fn - F5 or F6 in my case) restored the single screen. I the changed the screen options to single screen again and I'm safe until the next update.


Could not display "network:///" error when browsing LAN

go to places click on computer then enter network:/// in location bar as

network:///

else use
 sudo apt-get install samba


all snap installed applications failed to launch with error udev_enumerate_scan_failed

This is a bug which has been discussed and is being worked on. It's fixed in snapd 2.28.5 which is currently being tested.

You can also test it by updating the core snap to the beta channel where 2.28.5 is being tested prior to release.

snap refresh core --beta

However, you may prefer to stay on the stable channel, once 2.28.5 releases. You can easily switch core back to stable, thus.

snap refresh core --stable


how to add boot media for VM to boot Windows 7?

Lets see how we can do this:

Download ISO image and have the activation key handy
Settings in VirtualBox:

a. Name and Operating System:

Name: Any name you like
Type: Microsoft Windows
Version: Windows 7 (64bits)

b. Memory Size: min 4000MB

c. Hard disk select:

Create a virtual hard disk now

d. Hard disk file type select:

VDI( Virtualbox Disk Image)

e. Storage on physical hard disk

Dynamically allocated

f. File location and size:

min say: 80GB

After Creation select the win 7 VM in the Virtualbox window and click on settings this will take you into the various options for the VM:

Select Storage, here click or select the optical disk drive which should be empty and to the right where you have optical drive click and go to where you Windows & ISO image is located:

From here on it should install and ask for the usual windows parameters and what not.

Note:

Windows acts greedily towards hardware so make sure no other process that uses your hardware intensely is running.

And guest additions can also be used to directly communicate between guest and host systems.


You can increase the amount of shrinkable volume by trying the following:

Install Auslogics Disk Defrag (http://www.auslogics.com/en/software/disk-defrag/). It will give you critical information on why your volume's shrinkable size is limited. If you notice that the immovable files towards the end of your volume are not Master File Table files (MFTs) then you are in luck and can continue below.
Disable System Restore.
Disable the pagefile. Often, pagefile.sys is the unmovable file that prevents you from being able to further shrink your volume. You can do this by going to Advanced System Settings in Control Panel, click on Performance > Advanced > Change > No Paging File. In Windows 10, you must click on the "Set" button to make the changes take effect.
Disable Hibernation Mode by opening an elevated command prompt (i.e. right click command prompt and run as administrator) and typing "powercfg -h off"
Open disk cleanup and delete any unnecessary files.

Once you do this, restart your computer and launch the disk defragmenting tool you downloaded in step 1. Defragment your active Windows drive you wish to shrink. Restart your computer once again.

Now, launch disk utilities and try resizing the partition again. Hopefully, you should be able to shrink your drive further. I was able to shave off over 100GB from my 250GB SSD after I followed these steps. In my case, it was the pagefile.sys that was preventing my PC from shrinking the volume at first.

Note: once you have shrunk your volume to your liking, you can feel free to re-enable the items you might have had to disable earlier.

Good luck!

Source(s):
http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/windows-vista/working-around-windows-vistas-shrink-volume-inadequacy-problems/


Equivalent to in org.gnome.ScreenSaver KDE

Found the answer after analyzing dbus-monitor output.
Had to change the line to

'org.freedesktop.ScreenSaver'


How to install Amarok 1.4 on Ubuntu 11.10

Amarok 1.4

The Amarok 1.4 is depending /1/ the deprecated and removed KDE 3 libraries /2/.

You need to install the KDE 3 libraries first.

Other options

The Clementine /3/ is inspired by the Amarok 1.4. Clementine home: http://www.clementine-player.org/.

The Trinity /4/, /5/ is offering the KDE 3.5 desktop and support to the "old" KDE 3 apps.

Links

http://packages.ubuntu.com/hardy/amarok
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/kdelibs/+bug/794513
http://packages.ubuntu.com/oneiric/clementine
http://www.trinitydesktop.org/
http://tech.slashdot.org/story/11/11/02/1726228/kde-35-fork-trinity-releases-first-major-update


Unity is providing official support for Ubuntu

To download the latest version, scroll down to the last post on the thread: Unity on Linux: Release Notes and Known Issues

After download, to install see: How do I install a .deb file via the command line?


TOR process will not start automatically on Ubuntu 16.04

Debian/Ubuntu encourage the use of multiple tor instances on a system as opposed to a single instance.  As such, the decision was made to make the default instance tor@default as opposed to simple tor.  To that end the installed tor.service file is invalid:

[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
ExecStart=/bin/true
ExecReload=/bin/true

While Tor is installed with a valid /etc/init.d/tor service script, attempts to use this script on 16.04 result in systemd attempting to load the invalid tor.service instead.  Removing or renaming offending file /lib/systemd/system/tor.service and reloading the scripts w/ systemctl daemon-reload will fix the problem.

Alternatively you can use the tor@default instance: E.g. service tor@default start, or you can create new instances with tor-instance-create.


Ubuntu server with desktop or desktop with xampp?

If you are building alot of machines are you better off starting with server and work your way up "for a render farm". Also kernels in the repository are quite interchangeable meaning you can use a server kernel on a desktop and vise verse.

Also it never good practice to optimize without taking measurements. I see you are planning ahead however until you have some baseline number you can not determine if latency is an issue or not.


Zfs: initramfs cannot import rpool in new computer

I figured out how to boot the nvme ssd, and thought I should post the solution in case someone else had the same problem
Since secure boot was enabled when I installed Ubuntu, it had to be enabled on the new laptop before rpool would mount.  This involves finding the setting in the BIOS and enabling it, which requires also disabling any legacy boot capabilities.
On the Dell Precision 7730, secure boot was a little difficult to actually enable.  It wasn't until I opened the boot menu I realized secure boot wasn't actually enabled, even though I had enabled the setting in the BIOS.
I had to go back into the BIOS menu, delete the secure boot keys, and reset secure boot before it would register as being enabled with the new nvme ssd.
If you're still having trouble getting rpool to mount, check the boot menu (F12 at startup) and see if it says secure boot is enabled or not.  You can attempt to enable it from the boot menu - if it's not possible, try deleting the keys and resetting it.


unable to manual login after upgrading Ubuntu

lightdm is the default display manager in Ubuntu. somehow your default value of lightdm has been modified. you need to set it back to get back the login option.

First you need to login to a virtual console, press Ctrl+Alt+F1 and enter your user-name and password.

Use the following command to set lightdm default values[source],

$ sudo /usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm-set-defaults --show-manual-login true
$ sudo reboot

It will bring back the manual login option in your login screen after reboot.

Alternate way

you can edit your /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf by yourself and add the following line at the end,

greeter-show-manual-login=true

To edit either you can open the file with nano or vi as,

sudo nano /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf

or, just use the following in the console,

sudo sh -c 'echo "greeter-show-manual-login=true" >> /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf'

next reboot your system using, sudo reboot


During boot time, after the POST scree: Hold down the right shift button, and in the advanced menu try a different, older kernel.


Can somone help me make this script more readable?

Move the entire bash command to a script (say, in /some/path/sync.sh):

#! /bin/bash

for i
do
    EXT="${i##*.}"
    EXT=${EXT,,}

    if [[ "${EXT}" == *"/"* ]]
    then
        EXT="no_extension";
    fi

    mkdir -p "${DEST}/${EXT}"
    rsync -a "$i" "${DEST}/${EXT}"
done

Then call the find thus:

SRC="/src"
export DEST="/dest"

find "${SRC}" -iname '*' -type f -exec /some/path/sync.sh {} +

And now add all the functions you want.

In particular, to ignore useless file extensions, modifying the find command would be better:

find ... ! -regex '.*\.(some|useless|exts)$' ... -exec

(With some escaping of ( and | and an appropriate choice of -regextype.)


Is there an application for Ubuntu that can open ".qpw" files? (Quattro Pro)

Free office suites such as LibreOffice and OpenOffice can import Quattro spreadsheets in the older WB1, WB2 and WB3 formats, or you can use the Corel suite to convert newer QPW files into Excel format.


Laptop automatically suspending after lid closed and reopened

First thing to try
Use sudo -H gedit /etc/systemd/logind.conf and search for this line:
#HandlLidSwitch=

change it to:
HandleLidSwitch=ignore

Then save the file and reboot.


How to upgrade ubuntu12.10 to 13.04 in 30 minutes?

To upgrade just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the commands below:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Once done, you would do

sudo update-manager -d

When the window opens, just click on upgrade, and just follow the instructions.


Easy wifi router [web] interface for Ubuntu

If you want to avoid the command line (iptables/firewalld) as much as possible you can run OpenWRT instead of Ubuntu if the sole use is going to be a router, if you want to use it as a PC at the same time install Virt-manager and then use the KVM virtual machine image of OpenWRT.

KVM https://downloads.openwrt.org/chaos_calmer/15.05.1/x86/kvm_guest/

x64 https://downloads.openwrt.org/chaos_calmer/15.05.1/x86/64/


2 monitors Ubuntu 18.04.4 (HDMI > HDMI & VGA > USB C)

Ok I got feedback from ASUS. Turns out the USB-C port can only be used for data transfer and not display thus only one display port on this laptop model and that is the HDMI port.


How to filter out device info from `usb-devices` using VID & PID?

Since the records are separated by blank lines, it should be possible to use awk or perl in paragraph mode e.g.

sudo awk -vRS= '/Vendor=04b8/{print $0,"\n"}' /sys/kernel/debug/usb/devices

or (with GNU awk)

sudo awk -vRS= '/Vendor=04b8/{print $0,RT}' /sys/kernel/debug/usb/devices

or with perl

sudo perl -00 -ne 'print if /Vendor=1d6b/' /sys/kernel/debug/usb/devices

If your system has the usb-devices utility, you may be able to avoid cating the file directly:

usb-devices | awk '/1d6b/{print $0,RT}' RS=


Is Zentyal an official Ubuntu derivative?

although we (Zentyal) are Canonical partners to include official Ubuntu support for our customers, we are not currently an official Ubuntu derivative.

For any kind of questions you can use our forums (forum.zentyal.org). We are also attending to the UDS-r where you can meet us in person and ask us directly.


Volume control microsoft lifechat lx-3000

Okay. I've discovered the answer to my question on another thread.  For pulseaudio >= 0, you have to add the line below to /etc/pulse/default.pa to configure pulseaudio to change audio source on connect.

load-module module-switch-on-connect

After you add this line in, make sure to restart pulseaudio with:

pulseaudio -k

The thread I found the answer on:
Unable to make sound play in headset


A simple google search yields this command: (http://doc.bazaar.canonical.com/latest/en/user-guide/browsing_history.html)

% bzr log -r 1000..          # Revision 1000 and everything after it
% bzr log -r ..1000          # Everything up to and including r1000
% bzr log -r 1000..1100      # changes from 1000 to 1100
% bzr log -r 1000            # The changes in only revision 1000

There are also graphical tools available such as QBzr and bzr-gtk. Does this answer your question?


AmdGPU fail: Error Failed to initialize parser -125!

While it's a bit late, this behavior is the subject of this open issue. There is a hacky workaround described there, but also the mention that

This issue appears to be fixed in more recent versions of the kernel than ubuntu currently is using and
The issue does not occur when plugged into power.

I have an identical issue (my question) and have opted to just be careful to boot on battery power and wait it out.


How can I prevent people to see what application(s) I have opened?

IMPORTANT EDIT

With the commands:

xdotool windowunmap <window_id>

and

xdotool windowmap <window_id>

it turns out there is a way to completely mask the presence of application windows temporarily. Even the wmctrl -l command will not list the windows any more.

I will post the new answer below and leave the first answer as a second option.

New answer:

Hiding windows and the applications they belong to

With the script below, you can completely hide (unmap) application windows from your desktop. Their presence will not be visible at all, since their Launcher icons will not show an arrow as well.

How to use:

The script needs both wmctrl and xdotool to get the window properties, the pid they belong to and to manage the windows of selected applications:

sudo apt-get install wmctrl
sudo apt-get install xdotool

Copy the script below into an empty file
In the head section of the script, list the applications you'd like to (be able to) quickly hide the windows of. Use the format:

applications = ["firefox", "gedit"]

Save it as hide_windows.py
Make the script run from a shortut key: Choose: System Settings > "Keyboard" > "Shortcuts" > "Custom Shortcuts". Click the "+" and add the command:

python3 /path/to/hide_windows.py

Now if you press the key combination once, the windows of defined applications will be completely hidden, their launcher icon will not show the application runs.
Press again and all windows will appear again.

The script:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import getpass
import os

#---
applications = ["chrome", "firefox", "gedit"]
#---

windowlist = os.environ["HOME"]+"/"+".windowlist.txt"
user = getpass.getuser()

get = lambda x: subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c", x]).decode("utf-8")
wlist = [l for l in get("wmctrl -lp").splitlines()]
procs = sum([[p.split()[0] for p in get("ps -u "+user).splitlines() if app in p] for app in applications], [])
matches = sum([[l.split()[0] for l in wlist if p in l] for p in procs], [])

if len(matches) != 0:
    with open(windowlist, "wt") as out:
        for match in matches:
            out.write(match+"\n")
            subprocess.Popen(["/bin/bash", "-c", "xdotool windowunmap "+match])
else:
    try:
        with open(windowlist) as r:
            for l in r.readlines():
                subprocess.Popen(["/bin/bash", "-c", "xdotool windowmap "+l])
        os.remove(windowlist)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        pass

How it works

When called, the script lists all windows from the applications, set in the head of the script. Subsequently, it does two things:

It writes the window id of the windows to a hidden file (to be able to remap the windows, since they even disappear from the output of wmctrl -l)

It unmaps the windows
When called again, the script will not find any windows to unmap, it will read the file with window ids and restore the windows.

First answer:

(Perfectly working, but another approach and a bit more work)

Hiding opened applications from the Launcher?

I doubt if it is possible to completely erase all traces of an application in Unity and the Launcher. At least not by means of simple modifications, since the Launcher is designed to show a representation of GUI applications.

If your goal is however to prevent people to see what applications you have currently open, that can be done by simple modifications.

A combination of two things that can easily be done

The solution I would suggest exists of two measures:

A misleading represenation of the application in the launcher

My altered representation of Firefox in the launcher:

You can simply change both the appearing name and the icon to anything you like.
A key shortcut to instantly hide the windows of defined application(s).

This can be a large number of windows, they will be all minimized in one action (key combination)

Combined, these two measures should do what you want: prevent people to recognize what applications you are running.

How to set up

1. A misleading represenation of the application in the launcher

(I'll use the example of Firefox)

Changing the appearing name:

Applications are represented by .desktop files in /usr/share/applications or ~/.local/share/applications.
We need to edit a local copy of the firefox.desktop file, so first copy it:

cp /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/firefox.desktop

Open the file in gedit (drag the file over an opened gedit window or run:

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/firefox.desktop

Now we are going to change the name of Firefox, as it appears in the Launcher:
Right below the first two lines, you will see an impressive list of localized names. Look for the language tag, corresponding to the language of your system. I am Dutch, so I have to change the name in the line:

Name[nl]=Firefox webbrowser

and I change it into:

Name[nl]=Monkey eats banana

Changing the appearing icon:
While the .desktop file is still open, Look for the line:

Icon=firefox

Replace it by:

Icon=/path/to/icon.png

(If you replace it by your own custom icon, you will probably need to use the absolute path to the icon.)

After you log out/in, Firefox will appear as "Monkey eats banana" in both the Launcher and Dash, but you will still find it as firefox as well:

2. A key shortcut combination to hide the windows of defined application(s)

The script needs both wmctrl and xdotool to get the window properties, the pid they belong to and to manage the windows of selected applications:

sudo apt-get install wmctrl
sudo apt-get install xdotool

Copy the script below into an empty file
In the head section of the script, list the applications you'd like to (be able to) quickly hide the windows of. Use the format:

applications = ["firefox", "gedit"]

Save it is hide_windows.py
Make the script run from a shortut key: Choose: System Settings > "Keyboard" > "Shortcuts" > "Custom Shortcuts". Click the "+" and add the command:

python3 /path/to/hide_windows.py

Now test it by running your applications and press the key combination. The windows of the defined applications will minimize, their launcher icon is a riddle.

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import getpass

#---
applications = ["firefox", "gedit"]
#---

get = lambda x: subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c", x]).decode("utf-8")
wlist = [l for l in get("wmctrl -lp").splitlines()]
user = getpass.getuser()
procs = sum([[p.split()[0] for p in get("ps -u "+user).splitlines() if app in p] for app in applications], [])
for match in sum([[l.split()[0] for l in wlist if p in l] for p in procs], []):
    subprocess.Popen(["/bin/bash", "-c", "xdotool windowminimize "+match])


Force terminal text editors to open specific file types first, if there are multiple with the same name

A simple but coarse solution is to set the FIGNORE environment variable to a colon-separated list of extensions to be ignored during tab completion. This may already do the job for you.

If you want certain file types to be ignored only for specific commands, you will need to write a completion function for that command.  The HOWTO at http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/more-using-bash-complete-command will get you on your way.


Can I allow a Virtualbox VM to use a USB wireless network adaptor directly?

I don't have a usb wireless adapter to try, but you can use dmesg after plugin the adapter to check the module that the kernel loads to use it, then rmmod it.

Or you can use some udev rule to keep the module from loading.

Note that, from the question, I assumed you are quite an advanced user, if you need more detailed instructions just ask.


Why should I sync my Google account in Ubuntu?

Syncing the Google account improves convenience.

Main advantage is the Ubuntu system integration.

Which services will be synced with the system ?

Contacts : Google contacts

Google Drive : File search

Empathy : Chat contacts

Thunderbird : Mail conversations

Thunderbird Lightning : Google calendar


Many modern TVs with LED dim the backlight. The most bright point oft the picture (50% of the color range for example) will be 100% brightness of the pixel, and the backlight dims to 50%.
This is called dynamic contrast.


Ubuntu 20.04.0 LTS Maximum Screen Resolution too low

Using the NVidia Server settings I could manage my screens on a GTX 760. The Xorg conf that the application created was copied to /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/my.conf:

That of course makes only sense, if the application detects your monitors right. Otherwise you'd need to add the missing EDID information. This is a way to try out if the resolution works:
xrandr --output DVI-D-0 --mode 1920x1080 --rate 60

If that doesn't work and the Nvidia Server Settings does not recognize your monitor size you may have to add it to your "my.conf" file mentioned above:(change the resolutions -that is only an example!)
Section "Monitor"
    Identifier      "External DVI"
    Modeline        "1280x1024_60.00"  108.88  1280 1360 1496 1712  1024 1025 1028 1060  -HSync +Vsync
    Option          "PreferredMode" "1280x1024_60.00"
EndSection

Reboot. If a problem occurs just remove that conf file and restart - then no harm is done.


Ubuntu 18.04 LTS does nothing when I stop

I've been facing the same problem and I have keeping tab on your issue for a very long time for the answer myself. In the meantime, what I did was opening a System Monitor and keep it visible on my screen. This method so far will at least not freeze my screen randomly when I'm doing my work. Today, I found my laptop doesn't freeze anymore (yet) after I did these steps.

In UEFI (F10):

Under Security tab, change Intel Software Guard Extensions (SGX) to Disable,
Under Advanced tab, go to Built-in Device Options and change Graphics to Discrete Graphics.

Thanks to abaybektursun for their answer on Ubuntu Forums. My solution was cut short after I did a few runs of trial and error myself prior to their answer. Please let me know if these methods work for you. Cheers!


Lubuntu rejects password when resuming from automatic suspend

Had similar problem. After a reboot, the screensaver password screen keeps asking for my password. Entering my password just keeps me going back to the same screensame password screen. Went to TTY and by sheer luck, i saw the out of space notice when I tried to uninstall light-locker. Turns out I had no more free space on my hdd.


How can I get Firefox to recognize multitouch gestures on a touch screen?

On Xubuntu 16.04 with Firefox 50, I got it working by enabling e10s and setting the env-var MOZ_USE_XINPUT2=1. In detail:

Enable e10s/Multiprocess. If you're running Firefox 57 or higher, it should be enabled already. Otherwise, you may have to disable a bunch of addons, and possibly force enable it.

Use https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/add-on-compatibility-reporter/ to check which addons are incompatible with e10s, although simply having only-marked-as-compatible addons is not enough in FF50 to get e10s switched on, you may have to force-enable it anyway (in FF50, only certain whitelisted addons are allowed with e10s by default – later versions will enable e10s as long as all addons are compatible).
You can check in about:support if Multiprocess is on. If you need to force-enable, just open about:config, right-click and enter a new boolean value with the name browser.tabs.remote.force-enable; then restart FF and check about:support again.

Exit FF, and start it from the command-line with MOZ_USE_XINPUT2=1 /usr/bin/firefox.

Now you can test https://www.paulirish.com/demo/multi and scroll with one finger.

Source: https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/questions/1091627


How can I remove the drivers installed with the NVIDIA installer?

Execute sudo nvidia-installer --uninstall, this command completely removes the NVIDIA drivers. Do not forget to remove configuration files, such like /etc/X11/xorg.conf and those ones which blacklist the nouveau drivers, usually located in the /etc/modprobe.d folder. Depending on your specific setup, other configurations may need to be reverted too. Reboot the system afterwards.

$ nvidia-installer --advanced-options
...
  --uninstall
      Uninstall the currently installed NVIDIA driver.
...


The drivers for both should both should both be installed, so it should work - you may want to backup any important data first to prepare for if anything goes wrong.

Various accounts of success can be found here on the SuperUser forum.

I have previously had success taking a drive out of laptop and running it of a USB connector on a desktop (probably with different processors), so hopefully it should work for you. One area you may need to be wary about is graphic card drivers, but most of the time it should work.

EDIT (after a lot more experience!):
Yes it should work. However in the event you have installed additional drivers for included hardware (e.g. integrated GPU drivers) they may slow down the system and/or crash bootup entirely (for that specific latter issue see Black/purple screen after you boot Ubuntu for the first time here)


Fonts in menu are larger than they should be under Awesome WM

I presume evince is looking like this:

I would use XFCE packages to help you on this issue:

sudo apt-get install xfce4-settings

Then run the xfce daemon:

xfsettingsd

This will change the fonts to use GTK settings.

Run xfce4-settings-manager to change your fonts and icons:

Obviously you would want to run the daemon from login - see my linked answer on how to do this.

Linked Question:

How can I define startup applications with the Awesome Window Manager?


Grub not recognizing Windows 8.1 partition after swapping notebooks

As you stated in comments, Windows is UEFI the computer is Legacy only.
This means that windows will not boot in this computer unless you reinstall windows in Legacy mode. The same is true of Grub that is why you had to use super grub disk to boot ubuntu.


How to Create A Startup Script for Keyboard LED

Open the terminal, enter sudo -s to get root-access. Now enter nano /etc/rc.local, now edit the file so it looks like this:

!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.

xset led 3
exit 0

Now save with Ctrl + O, press enter and then Ctrl + X to exit.

Let's set the proper permissions using:

sudo chown root /etc/rc.local
sudo chmod 755 /etc/rc.local

Make sure everything works fine using:

sudo /etc/init.d/rc.local start

And now reboot.


An upgrade from 'artful' to 'zesty' is not supported. Trying to upgrade from 16.04 to 17.10

Fresh installation often easiest and fastest

It is often easiest and fastest to make a fresh installation instead of upgrading from a previous version. This is 'particularly true', when you would have to upgrade via several steps (not from the previous version, but from a version further back).

Backup your personal files.
Install a fresh system.
Install the additional program packages that you remember (that you need).
Copy back your personal files from the backup. It helps (but is not necessary) to use a separate data partition for your personal data.
Later on, when you need another program package, install it. This way you will get rid of old program packages, that you will not use.


booting with liveCD not working saying that it can not mount /dev/loop0

This can happen when you have a bad CD image (or you don't have enough RAM to run the installer), check the answers to these questions and see if they help:

"Can not mount /dev/loop0" during install from CD
Unable to mount /dev/loop0 during install

If you don't have enough RAM for the desktop installer try the alternate installer CD.


"System running in low-graphics mode" after installing Ubuntu 12.04

Press Ctrl+Alt+F1 to get to a terminal, login with your user and password.
Your xorg.conf might be missing.
Try generating the file:
If you have AMD Driver (fglrx): sudo amdconfig --initial or if you have Nvidia Driver: sudo nvidia-xconfig

This should hopefully fix your problem.


Cannot delete Ubuntu as a EFI Boot Device

Grub is installed in the EFI partition. you need to manually delete it.

Boot a LiveCD, and use gparted to temporarily remove the ESP flag from the EFI partition.

Open the EFI partition and delete the folder /EFI/ubuntu.
Use gparted to set the ESP flag again and reboot.


Failing GRUB installation and Boot-repair

Despite of possible hard drive problems

Magically fixing broken hardware is not one of Ubuntu's features. If you replace your broken hardware and continue to have problems, please post back. Likewise if you investigate further and discover that your disk is not broken.

Note also that a broken hard disk is not something to be taken lightly. If your computer holds important data, you should not be entrusting that data to a suspect hard disk. A flaky video card? Fine; your data will be reasonably safe. A mouse that moves erratically is an annoyance, nothing more. A damaged hard disk is worse than useless.


In the the nsswitch.conf I write it so:

hosts:          files dns mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return]

In fact the word dns must be in a greater place than before. Your solution should works too.

It works for the ping immediately but for your browser you need to close it before. Just try when I just close and re-opened Firefox it still don't work, when I close the session (disconnect from Ubuntu) it works! (perhaps some cache somewhere in Firefox)


/var/tmp is going crazy with 43 GIGA BYTES OF STORAGE

I don't know if there is any software using the file /var/tmp/safeplace.

But it is used in this answer to backup a SD card. If you remember doing something like this and you don't need the backup any more you may safely delete the file.


Swedish Keyboard with ubuntu? Just adding layout does not work!

Maybe a driver for your hardware is missing.

I was testing Lubuntu 16.10 during the development until it was released. All this time I was installing it 'in Swedish', and it worked for me. Standard Ubuntu also works with Swedish text and Swedish keyboard. For example, I get @ with AltGr + 2 and I get { with AltGr  + 7. If this does not work for you, I suspect that you have some special keyboard (or special computer).

Please tell us about your computer and keyboard (brand names and models). With that information someone who reads this might recognize your problem and suggest a solution for 16.10.


ubuntu 20.04 touchscreen doesn't work on Lenovo ideapad flex 5

Make sure that you're using a desktop environment that supports touch.
a) Unity Desktop, latest KDE and Gnome are the best candidates to try.
b) Please check your settings to see if Linux has detected the touch capability.
c) Please also check if the setting to enable/use touch is turned on or off?

If you suspect that the drivers are missing you can try to install the HWE kernel for Ubuntu 20.04 which contains drivers for new hardware. (Warning - this may break your installation, proceed at your own risk!)
Open a terminal and run the following command.
sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-20.04
Reboot your system after the installation is done.

You can try the edge version, a bit riskier than than the other above.
sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-20.04-edge

Contact Lenovo and ask for a Linux driver. I've found Windows drivers on the Lenovo website, but no Linux driver :(

Wait, the drivers may arrive with a future kernel/linux-firmware.

You may also check if the touch input device is visible to the system using xinput in terminal. Should give you something like the following including the word touch.
~$ xinput
⎡ Virtual core pointer                          id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ VirtualBox mouse integration              id=9    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ VirtualBox USB Tablet                     id=10   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ ImExPS/2 Generic Explorer Mouse           id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]

lshw and lsmod should also see it
lshw |grep -i touch
lsmod |grep -i touch
you should get someting like this
hid_multitouch         20480  0

You can also look for UNCLAIMED devices with no driver/module loaded.
lshw |grep -i unclaimed
If you find something promising you can pipe the output to less for further inspection.
lshw |less
Sidenote: the Ubutu LTS Enablement Stack mentions the apt package xserver-xorg-hwe-20.04. I couldn't find this package using apt. It could be a typo on the wiki page or this package may be available later if needed.


Can't connect to wireless on a Dell Latitude 620

I have a Dell Latitude D630, with the same wireless card.
We both have:

  0c:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4311 802.11b/g WLAN (rev 01)

I have succeeded in connecting my wireless with NO security to an Apple Airport Express, and with WPA2/PSK to a DLink DIR-601 using the b43 module that comes with Ubuntu 11.10:

`$ find /lib/modules/$( uname -r ) -type f -iname 'b43.*'
/lib/modules/3.0.0-14-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/b43/b43.ko`

Here's my suggestion:

Exit Network Manager.
Use the Alt-F2 key combination to open a window to enter a command.
Type gksudo modprobe b43 and hit Enter. Type your password in the window that pops up, to allow the modprobe b43 command, run  as root to load the b43 module.
Wait 10 seconds.
Click on Network Manager, and ensure that Enable Wireless is checked, then exit.
Wait 10 seconds.
Clink on Network Manager, and you should see wireless networks.
Click on the one you're authorized to connect to.
Edit that connection. Consider checking the  Connect Automatically box.
Apple Airport Express doesn't support WPA2, but accepts configuration info as if it did. Moral: Once you're connected,  Click on Network Manager, then click on Connection Information, and see what type of Security is actually in use!


If you want to install Ubuntu you cannot install it just from opening .iso file. It needs to be burned on the disc. If you don't have a DVD-ROM in your computer or for some other reason cannot use discs you may use USB, as well.
See the link:
How to create a bootable USB
stick on Windows

If you want to use Ubuntu via Virtual machine use VirtualBox software. See the links for easy and nice tutorials:

 wikihow.com / Install-Ubuntu-on-VirtualBox

Installing Ubuntu inside Windows using VirtualBox


How to make auto login work in Ubuntu? (no display manager)

It seems you were right Serg, Ubuntu 15.04 now uses systemd, and apparently things have changed.
So I kept on searching now for systemd autologin and got it working.
I found this guide that served me well:
http://memo-linux.com/debian-8-systemd-autologin-sans-display-manager/

This is what I did:

sudo mkdir -pv /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty1.service.d/
sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/getty@tty1.service.d/autologin.conf

and edited the file as follows:

[Service]
ExecStart=
ExecStart=-/sbin/agetty --autologin username --noclear %I 38400 linux

Change "username" with yours.

Save and close (CTRL+O, CTRL+X)

Now:

systemctl enable getty@tty1.service

Write your password (I was asked twice)

That would be for the autologin part.
Next, to start X automatically, continue with this:

sudo nano ~/.bash_profile

and edit that file so it reads:

[[ -z $DISPLAY && $XDG_VTNR -eq 1 ]] && exec startx

Save and close (CTRL+O, CTRL+X)
(Source: wiki archlinux Autostart_X_at_login)

At this point I found another possibility for that file here:
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/42359/how-can-i-autologin-to-desktop-with-systemd

if [[ -z $DISPLAY ]] && [[ $(tty) = /dev/tty1 ]]; then
 exec startx
fi

But I haven't tested it and I don't really know the difference, sorry.

In this last link they advised to do a last step
"You will have to modify your ~/.xinitrc to start your desktop environment, how to do that depends on the DE"
So I did:

sudo nano ~/.xinitrc

and added this line

exec i3

Save and close (CTRL+O, CTRL+X)

Last thing to do:

sudo reboot

Now it auto logins and auto starts X, and no display manager was needed.
I think I read if you already have a display manager you have to remove it first.
I hope this can be useful for you. Feel free to comment and improve it.


Open your terminal window :

First create a directory, to which you are going to mount your HDD.

sudo mkdir -p /media/Name_of_directory

eg : mkdir -p /media/storage

Run the below command to get the volume_id

fdisk -l |grep GB

Disk /dev/xvda1: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes

Disk /dev/xvdk: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes

Disk /dev/xvdn: 1099.5 GB, 1099511627776 bytes

Note down the volume id for your 1 TB volume ,

In this case :/dev/xvdn is the volume having 1TB

Then mount the volume ( /dev/xvdn ) to the created directory,

sudo mount /dev/xvdn /media/storage

Now run df -h will list all your volumes, connected to the system,

You can access your files using, cd /media/storage.


You might try using touchpad-indicator. It uses syndaemon. Be sure to set the prefs for your desires.

In terminal, type the following three commands. Then use the dash to start it.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:atareao/atareao

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install touchpad-indicator


How do I update from 12.4 to 13.04?? Macbook alu 2008

Look for 'Software Sources' on the Dash, and on the last option of the 'Updates' tab (Notify me of a new Ubuntu version) choose 'For any new version'.


This is the last item in your PATH:

/home/roman/Installs/android-studio/bin/studio.sh

The problem is that items in the PATH need to be directories but you've added a file. I'm not sure how this happened since it doesn't match the export PATH=... line you posted.


Which drivers to use for AMD Kaveri APU for ubuntu 16.04

Read this with reference to AMD and Ubuntu 16.04 HERE


Dual-boot computer runs Windows Boot Manager followed by grub menu: how to change to just grub?

I would recommend using Boot-Repair

boot your computer on a Ubuntu live-CD or live-USB.
choose "Try Ubuntu"
connect internet
open a new Terminal, then type:

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update

Press Enter.
Then type:

  sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)

Press Enter

launch Boot-Repair from either :

1 The Dash (the Ubuntu logo at the top-left of the screen)
2 Or by typing 'boot-repair' in a terminal

Then click the "Recommended repair" button. When repair is finished, note the URL (paste.ubuntu.com/XXXXX) that appeared on a paper, then reboot and check if you recovered access to your OSs.
If the repair did not succeed, indicate the URL to people who help you by email or forum.

If that didn't work i would recommend using the that advanced options that can be found at the 0ffical Boot-Repair page at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


Using Windows 7 to access files on a Ubuntu PC

Samba may be a good solution, it is a service that allow sharing folders between windows and linux machines. Heres a setup guid, hope it will help you.


Ctrl+C does not quit a running program in terminal

Note:  Answer andded after comments...

I'm pretty sure it will kill most terminal programs; of course, it won't kill the ones that fork a new process, then return the prompt immediately.

Some programs may catch this interrupt and handle it however they want, or even ignore it. It may depend a lot on whether the program is designed to be run in a terminal or from a GUI.

A few of the programs I just tried in 10.04 and 11.10 that will end are:

ping - which runs continuously by default, so this is the only way to stop it;
find - often takes a long time, so it's useful to be able to end it.
gedit


When I Plug In the HDMI Cable From My TV To Watch Content From My Laptop To The TV I get Two Different Screens

That's a feature, not a bug. Some people use more than one monitor. You should be able to drag a window from your laptop to your TV just like you drag a window from place to place on one screen. Alternatively, you could set the TV to mirror the laptop, but you'd then get the lowest resolution of the two on both. You could also turn off the laptop monitor and have the TV be the only active monitor.

Go to "system settings" via the Dash menu and select "Monitors". You can plat with the settings until you find what you want for your particular viewing needs.


Add another <VirtualHost> section with this:

<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName sub2.domain.com
    Redirect permanent / http://www.sub2.domain.com
</VirtualHost>

Apache automatically preserves anything after the / when using the Redirect directive, which is a common misconception about why this method won't work (when in fact it does).


The setting you're looking for is in System Settings -> Workspace Behavior.

In the Workspace Behavior dialog, choose the Virtual Desktops icon on the left. In the "Layout" group, you should see a checkbox labeled, Different widgets for each desktop.

Toggling that will enable/disable having separate widgets for each desktop.


Xampp says it's running but is not reachable

When running /opt/lampp/lampp stop command I noticed some error:

AH00058: Error retrieving pid file logs/httpd.pid

Removing the /opt/lampp/logs/httpd.pid file and than restarting xampp fixed the problem...


Adding Additional HDD to Ubuntu 14.04.2 Server on Oracle VM VirtualBox

These are minimum steps to create and attach a new virtual hard drive to an existing virtual machine:

In the host:

Create a virtual hard drive

VBoxManage VBoxManage createhd --filename <path/to/name.vdi> --size <in MB>

Attach this drive to the VM

VBoxManage storageattach "<VM name" --storagectl SATA-Controller --port <number> --type hdd --medium </path/to/name.vdi>

Boot the virtual machine

Alternatively we may also just add a new partition to an already attached exisiting virtual drive by increasing it's size which then needs to be partitioned too.

In the guest:

Partition the new drive

You may want to find out the device decriptor of the new drive with sudo fdisk l first.

sudo parted /dev/<sdx> ## run parted on device sdx
(parted) mklabel msdos ## create a msdos partition
(parted) mkpart primary ext4 1MiB 100% ## create primary ext4 partition using whole disk
(parted) quit

Format the new partition

sudo mkfs -t ext4 </dev/sdX1>

Mount this partition

sudo mount <options> /dev/sdx1 <mountpoint>

If mounting in 4. worked then optionally put an entry in /etc/fstab for mounting on boot:

<UUID>   <mountpoint>   ext4    <options>    0    2

The <UUID> can be read from sudo blkid, <options> as for mount.

All steps can of course also be performed from a GUI. For steps 1. to 3. this would be the Virtual Box Manager in the host. For steps 4. to 5. it would be gparted in the guest (e.g. by temporarily booting to a live Ubuntu). Manual mounting needs a terminal, editing fstab can be done with any editor.

For more details on creating virtual hard drives also see the Virtual Box Manual.


Well I think you almost got it. You can use this command to detect where your jvm is located.

  whereis jvm

I have same setting and I believe you can point on either dir in JAVA_HOME as java-1.7.0-openjdk-amd64 is a weak link to other( see man for ln).

Ah and Answer "it is not correct! Take one from pwd command."


lightdm and startx fail to start graphics mode; traces of Nvidia driver are involved

Since you are using 12.04, it may be possible to use the command-line version of the 'Additional Drivers' tool, called jockey-text. To get started, log in at one of the virtual terminals (Ctrl+Alt+Fn where n is 1,2,..6) and then type

jockey-text --list 2>/dev/null

(the 2>/dev/null is optional - it just hides a bunch of error messages about other hardware / drivers). It will take some time since it searches online but you should eventually see a list like

xorg:nvidia_173 - NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (Proprietary, Disabled, Not in use)
xorg:nvidia_173_updates - NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (post-release updates) (Proprietary, Disabled, Not in use)
xorg:nvidia_304 - NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (Proprietary, Disabled, Not in use)
xorg:nvidia_304_updates - NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (post-release updates) (Proprietary, Enabled, In use)
xorg:nvidia_319 - NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (Proprietary, Disabled, Not in use)
xorg:nvidia_319_updates - NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (post-release updates) (Proprietary, Disabled, Not in use)

From here you can proceed in one of two ways (both equivalent, as far as I know):

disable the current (troublesome) driver, so that the system falls back to the previous - hopefully good - driver e.g. if xorg:nvidia_304_updates is currently Enabled, In use then do

sudo jockey-text --disable xorg:nvidia_304_updates

explicitly enable a previous known good driver e.g.

sudo jockey-text --enable xorg:nvidia_304

If you get a message about being unable to connect to the system bus, then try adding the --no-dbus switch e.g. sudo jockey-text --no-dbus --disable xorg:nvidia_304_updates


Is /razorqt/ available for saucy as a desktop environment?

Yes razorqt is available for Saucy(Ubuntu 13.10),

Step 1: Open a terminalCtrl+Alt+T and enter:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:razor-qt

Step 2: Now, as a one-off, you should tell your system to pull down the latest list of software from each archive it knows about, including the PPA you just added:

sudo apt-get update

Step 3: Now you're ready to start installing rasor-qt from the PPA:

sudo apt-get install razorqt


Why is xfs filesystem type greyed out in Gparted?

Because as gparted says in view -> Filesystem Support, it needs the xfsprogs package to be installed.


fatal IO error 22 (Invalid argument) on X server ":0"

Do you have a high resolution external monitor? If so, you might be hitting the same issue that I am: there seems to be some kind of issue in QT and high DPI scaling. This would also explain the change in behavior when you use your internal display.
I was able to fix it by setting the environment variable QT_AUTO_SCREEN_SCALE_FACTOR=0

I discovered this via scattered mentions in a few GitHub issues for projects using QT, such as this response to problems running cantata:

potuz commented on Sep 17, 2017:

After finding this out, I found a closed issue #1073 and running with
$ QT_AUTO_SCREEN_SCALE_FACTOR=0 cantata

It works as expected.

For context, I'm running a 5120x1440 monitor, and my error was triggered by trying to create a matplotlib plot in Python. This problem I had running anaconda-navigator about a month ago also seems directly related to high DPI scaling.


Using a Personal Package Archive (PPA), you can distribute software and updates directly to Ubuntu users. Create your source package, upload it and Launchpad will build binaries and then host them in your own apt repository.

Create a Launchpad Account.
Activate a PPA.
You can only activate a PPA if you have signed the Ubuntu code of conduct.
What are PPAs and how do I use them?
Uploading your source packages.

Here is a detailed explanation.


Why is the U1 sharing dialog so unhelpful?

It is implemented as per the design which was made for it. There is an open bug at https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntuone-client-gnome/+bug/720194 about this.


Why is gnome-software service running in the background?

It does for me: you need a service to catch possible available updates.

Besides that: it is just the service part (gnome-software-service) of gnome-software that is running.


Where to install a 3rd party programs distributed as tar.xz or tar.gz

Take a look at your $PATH for clues.

$ echo $PATH
/home/YOU/bin          -- Yes
/home/YOU/.local/bin   -- Yes
/usr/local/sbin        -- Yes
/usr/local/bin         -- Yes
/usr/sbin              -- Never (package manager)
/usr/bin               -- Never (package manager)
/sbin                  -- Never (package manager)
/bin                   -- Never (package manager)
/usr/games             -- Never (package manager)
/usr/local/games       -- Yes
/snap/bin              -- Never (package manager)

Now let's remove all those locations on your $PATH that are reserved for package-manger-only use:

/home/YOU/bin
/home/YOU/.local/bin
/usr/local/sbin
/usr/local/bin
/usr/local/games

So the best places to manually-install applications are in your /home and in /usr/local.

That's not all the possible places. Lots of manually-installed services wind up in /var as well as /usr/local.


Could not reload Apache because of config test fail looking for a host files it no longer exists

This sounds like you may have deleted the host configurations from the /etc/apache2/sites-available/ folder, but not the symlinks to them in /etc/apaches/sites-enabled.

Double-check whether there are still symlinks to non-existent virtual hosts in sites-enabled, and erase them as needed.


Checking if .pem certificate is installed

Look into /usr/share/ca-certificates and sub-diretories.

The files you see there all have a crt extension but they are in PEM format. If you want to inspect one of them (assuming you are in Nautilus) right-click on it and select open with View File.

On the Command Line you would type openssl x509 -in <nameOfCertFile.crt> -noout -text to see the complete certificate.


Evolution? It's primarily an email client, I know but it does also have an events/calendar side to it that can sync in with Google. It's also included in the default install of Ubuntu.

No idea if it'll automatically create reminders. I'm sure there's something you could hack together (a little script that talked to Evolution) if it doesn't do it all for you.


Software icon (from Sublime Text) isn't displayed in launcher

For me it helped to simply change a line in /.local/share/applications/sublime_text.desktop

Wrong: Icon=sublime_text.png
Correct: Icon=sublime-text.png

i.e. replace underscore by dash in icon name.