You'll have to use some sort of recovery media, like Parted Magic or a Gentoo Disk.  The recovery disk should be x86 or x64 based on your type of system.  The Gentoo Handbook has excellent documentation for doing this, and I've used this procedure several times to restore Linux users locked out of various systems. One note: if user1 has an encrypted home directory, and you have not printed the recovery passphrase, your files will NOT be accessible. However, you can guess the password as many times as you like. If you need the command, I will share.  Used it just last week to recover a computer that had been missing for three years.

Code Listing 6.1 in https://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-x86.xml?full=1#book_part1_chap4 gives you an idea for how to mount your disks.

This will give you a listing of sdX (typically sda, but sometimes sdb, sdc, or sdd)

sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdX

You can also use file to determine a filesystem type

sudo file -Ls /dev/sdXY

where X is a letter: a, b, c, etc... and Y is a number: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, etc...

Once you get your drives mounted off of /mnt/gentoo (or whereever)
Loosely follow the chroot procedure (Section 6a).  You don't need to worry about the mirrorselect stuff, just the mount -o bind etc... stuff from here: https://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-x86.xml?full=1#book_part1_chap5
and the chroot/source stuff (you can use the . shortcut for source, BTW).

Mounting stuff (as root) Assuming / linux partition on sda1:

# Mount root (/) file system
# If your /usr or /home is on another partition, you'll have to mount those also!
# Adjust -t file system type as needed.
mount -t ext4 -o rw /dev/sda1 /mnt/gentoo
# mount -t ext4 -o rw /dev/sda5 /mnt/gentoo/home

# Mount critical file system stuff
mount -t proc proc /mnt/gentoo/proc
mount --rbind /sys /mnt/gentoo/sys
mount --rbind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev

# chroot into your old drive
chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
source /etc/profile
export PS1="(chroot) $PS1"

After the chroot, reset the root password

passwd

and the account password

passwd user1

and write the changes to disk and reboot

sync && sync && sync
reboot

You should now be able to use User1.

edit: forgot the rule about linking, pulling stuff in from Gentoo in case they go offline.


How do I disable fetching of DEP-11 files

If you dont need graphical package manager you can uninstall appstream package and all graphical managers that depend on it:

aptitude purge appstream

If you prefer mv solution, then better do it with dpkg-divert and it will stay persistent on package upgrades:

dpkg-divert --local --rename --divert '/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/#50appstream' /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50appstream


I appear to have fixed it! Leaving this up in case it helps someone else.

I tried everything, but in the end all I did to solve it was run

dropbox start

And then entered the command it told me to. I'm attaching screen shots of my terminal to show what happened.

screenshot 1

screenshot 2


Why doesn't my ACR38 SmartCard Reader work?

It looks like your ACR38 is supported by the CCID driver libccid

http://pcsclite.alioth.debian.org/ccid/supported.html#0x072F0x90CC


$ sudo fdisk -l : Why does not it display the file system type?

You can try this:
df -Th

Note: This only shown filesystem which are mounted.


How to copy libraries a dynamically linked program is built against?

At that point, you are basically building a tarball of an entire Linux distribution. Depending on the libraries you link to, simply including the dynamic library itself may not be enough (some libraries depend on plug-in modules, and other external files, which are not installed in the same locations, as the same versions, across all distributions of Linux).

There are a few options to deal with these differences:

Distribute the source code of your program and let the people whom you are distributing to, so that the users my compile it themselves, on their distribution of choice.
Re-compile a version of your program for every different version of every different distribution of Linux you wish to support, and distribute your program in packages for those distributions and versions.
Compile your application by using static linking, rather than dynamic linking. If you link to libraries that depend on external modules or files though, this can still be problematic.
Distribute a VM image of a specific Linux distribution which you wish to support, that is a minimal install, and has your program installed by default, to provide a full environment to run it in.


All External Drives Mounted as Read only Ubuntu 17.10

This could be with Windows dual boot, specifically 'Windows Fast Startup.'  For some reason this highjacks all external devices.  Follow THIS tutorial to turn it off, but be warned, windows likes to turn it back on every few updates.  Give this a bookmark for later.

Hope this helps!


How can I stop Files from oversimplifying file types?

If you enable the MIME Type column then you should be able to distinguish between the different file types. Go to Edit -> Preferences then select the Columns List tab to add the MIME Type column.


it looks like S3 is not supported on this machine, but there's hope as acpi is poorly implemented for linux, only hp must implement proper acpi tables...I've already written to HP to request they fix this issue. Perhaps they would act if we are numerous enough asking for it.
Also deep sleep works from windows side.
I'm on bios F28 and the issue is not solved


How do I decrease my resolution in an Ubuntu 18.04.1 VirtualBox

Go to display settings of your VM and set it to 1080p

Edit: You can find it by searching "display". Change it from there. Keep in mind that there will be pillar- and letter-boxing when you do that.

There's also a menu option: View -> Virtual Screen -> Resize to


How to get Asus XG-C100C 10G ethernet card working on Ubuntu 18.04

You do not need to remove any packages to eliminate ifup and ifdown from your system.  These commands will only have an effect for network interfaces configured in /etc/network/interfaces.  You can even have some interfaces managed through /etc/network/interfaces and some managed through netplan on the same system.

If your interface is showing as "no carrier", this is most likely a driver issue, not a netplan issue.  You can rule out netplan by removing the interface from your yaml and attempting to configure it directly using ifconfig or ip.


Openstack Fuel 9.0 - name too long errors during deployment

My proposal is to get an ethX names back.
To do this you must edit the grub file.

 $ sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Look for GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX and add the following net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0.

From:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

To:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0"

Generate a new grub file using the following command.

$ sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Generating grub configuration file ...
Warning: Setting GRUB_TIMEOUT to a non-zero value when GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT is set is no longer supported.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-15-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-15-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /memtest86+.elf
Found memtest86+ image: /memtest86+.bin
done

After this, restart servers.

Some explanation

From Ubuntu 15.10 (Wily Werewolf), starting with systemd/udev will automatically assign predictable, stable network interface names for all local Ethernet, Wlan and Wwan interfaces.

The following different naming schemes for network interfaces are now supported by udev natively:

Names incorporating Firmware/BIOS provided index numbers for on-board devices (example:  eno1)
Names incorporating Firmware/BIOS provided PCI Express hotplug slot index numbers (example: ens1)
Names incorporating physical/geographical location of the connector of the hardware (example: enp2s0)
Names incorporating the interfaces's MAC address (example: enx78e7d1ea46da)

Classic, unpredictable kernel-native ethX naming (example: eth0) - deprecated

Try maybe help you.


rsyslogd using 197% CPU for the past few days

On OpenVZ, rsyslog has a tendency to use 100%+ CPU. The following commands would fix the problem:

service rsyslog stop
sed -i -e 's/^\$ModLoad imklog/#\$ModLoad imklog/g' /etc/rsyslog.conf
service rsyslog start


How to install Wine 1.9 on Ubuntu 15.10?

Since you mention that unstable wine is okay for you, you can use PPA of wine-staging. I am using it right now, and I have the 1.9 version. Note however, that the purpose of wine-staging is testing experimental features, which aren't yet merged with the main branch.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wine/wine-builds
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --install-recommends wine-staging
sudo apt-get install winehq-staging


Cannot connect to WiFi network wirelessly using Broadcom

Please do:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source   <---If it isn't installed, just continue
sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-bcm43.conf   <---If it isn't present, just continue
sudo modprobe brcmsmac

Reboot and let us hear your result.


How to build PyQt for Deadsnakes Python 2.7 on Ubuntu 10.04?

You need the python2.7-dev package from the same PPA. Header files foo a package foo are generally in foo-dev.


btrfs performance decrease with `mixed mode`

man mkfs.btrfs does answer to this question (my text markup):

  The recommended size for the mixed mode is for filesystems less than 1GiB. The soft recommendation is to use it for filesystems smaller than 5GiB. The mixed mode may lead to degraded performance on larger filesystems, but is otherwise usable, even on multiple devices.


XScreenSaver does not turn monitor off in Lubuntu

Seems to be a
    Ubuntu
    “xscreensaver” package
    Bugs
    Bug #992248

Same as the issue I have


The assignment url=$((url$i)) attempts to evaluate url$i as an arithmetic expression - this is not appropriate here. What you could do instead is make use of variable indirection:
for url in url{01..05}
do
  curl "${!url}" 2>&1| grep 'askubuntu' >> output.txt
done

However it would probably cleaner to use an array:
#!/bin/bash

urls=(
  "https://askubuntu1.com"
  "https://askubuntu2.com"
  "https://askubuntu3.com"
  "https://askubuntu4.com"
  "https://askubuntu5.com"
)

for url in "${urls[@]}"
do
  curl "$url" 2>&1| grep 'askubuntu' >> output.txt
done

You could also loop over the indices of the array ${!urls[@]} - which would give you the desired incrementing integer variable from which to construct a sequence of numbered output files ex.:
for i in ${!urls[@]}
do
  printf -v output 'file%02d.txt' $((i+1))
  curl "${urls[i]}" 2>&1 | grep 'askubuntu' > "$output"
done

The $((i+1)) is because bash array indexing starts from 0 - if you don't mind the outputs being file00 through file04 then you can use plain $i.
For the version based on variable indirection, you could do either
for i in {01..05}
do
  url="url$i"
  curl "${!url}" 2>&1| grep 'askubuntu' > "file${i}.txt"
done

or
for url in url{01..05}
do
  curl "${!url}" 2>&1| grep 'askubuntu' > "${url/#url/file}.txt"
done


Have you tried CutePDF ?
From their documentation, the paid version seems to be able to set security policies, such as password protection and print protection


Use the pkill command since you know the command name.

sudo pkill -f nginx

-f:

   The pattern is normally only matched against the process name.
      When -f is set, the full command line is used.


Using Webmin I just restarted the SSH server manualy this way :
Webmin -> Servers -> SSH Server -> Start button


Restarting my web server on system reboot

You can do it by using SystemD. First of all, change your working directory to /etc/systemd/system. That's where all the SystemD services are. Make sure your executable is accessible by SystemD. Next, create a .service file in the current directory (with root priveleges). Maybe something like webserver.service. Then, edit the file (with root priveleges), and write something like this:
[Unit]
Description=Service Description
Type=simple
ExecStart=/path/to/gradlew /path/to/executable

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Make sure to change the description to something you can recognize, and set the /path/to/executable to your executable. Next, run systemctl enable yourservicename (with root priveleges). Reboot to check if it works. I hope this helps, let me know if it does!


You should check out the developer's web site and check out all the Q & A but I found this Version 5.3 Beta 8 most current bug fix for you: (sweethome3d.com Version 5.3 Beta 8).

Besides that link you can look at Version 5.3 Beta 7.


freeze on purple screen when installing 14.04

I had this issue with QEMU. The trick for me was that I was using the flag -cpu host,level=9. I had remembered that I had issues with this in the past, and changes to -cpu host and things resolved themselves.


How to make dnsmasq's DHCP server give out arbitrary resolvers?

I've not tested this, but I would guess that in /etc/dnsmasq.conf, you need to include a line like:

dhcp-option=option:dns-server,8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4


How to Display Text on PC Startup before Booting Ubuntu

The file is the /etc/default/grub

--1--

http://www.iasptk.com/ubuntu/20348-ubuntu-login-to-text-mode-without-removing-gui

Ubuntu. Login to text mode. It is not need to remove GUI from the system.

You can leave it and just make your default boot as a text mode and if once you need a GUI you can restore it so easy.

open /etc/default/grub as and add text to the

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

And in the file, change this line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="text"

Then update your Grub

sudo update-grub

Your system will then always boot to text mode.

If you once want to use GUI you can easly make light works

sudo service lightdm start

---2-----

http://www.iasptk.com/ubuntu-ppa-repositories/19783-grub-customizer-301-released-and-ppa-installation-instructions-included

Grub Customizer is a graphical interface to configure the GRUB2/BURG settings and menuentries

Features:
* move, remove or rename menuentries (they stey updatable by update-grub)
* edit the contents of menuentries or create new ones (internally it edits the 40_custom)
* support for GRUB2 and BURG
* reinstallation of the bootloader to MBR
* settings like default operating system, kernel params, background image and text colors etc.
* changing the installed operating system by running on a live cd

What is new in version 3.0.1

entries can be moved free now
integrated settings dialog
new partition chooser
context menu
multi selection
trash instead of checkboxes
entry editor
graphical error handlung
reset functionality
warning when trying to remove script- or system entries

Install Grub Customizer 3.0.1 in ubuntu

Open the terminal and run the following commands

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install grub-customizer


I would try to purge and reinstall the gnome-tweak-tool

sudo apt-get purge gnome-tweak-tool && sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

Also try to reinstall the package python-gi

sudo apt-get purge python-gi && sudo apt-get install python-gi

If that doesn't help try to apply the tweak found here.

Basically open the /usr/bin/gnome-tweak-tool file and replace #!/usr/bin/env python with #!/usr/bin/python


Your VPN-CLient might set the default route to the VPN-connection.

In Windows you can address this issue by unchecking "Use remote network as default gateway" in "Advanced Settings for IPv4" and in Linux the following command will add the default gateway:

sudo route add default gw xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx dev ethx

You'll have to exchange the x's with the appropriate numbers, the IP of your router and the NIC you use for internet so maybe eth0.

Hope it could help.


How can I integrate Pidgin with the indicator/messaging menu without displaying popups?

Tools/Plugins/libnotify/Configure Plugin, then you can uncheck all the events that trigger notifications. They aren't used for the Messaging Menu portion of the plugin.


How to auto-expand ALL sub-directory levels in Nautilus tree view, via the keyboard?

I'd suggest this is by design - if I click on File System then expand all branches this could take a huge amount of time, especially if I have NFS shares mounted, or similar. Or even worse - if I have a FUSE filesystem mounted, like sshfs, and Nautilus wants it to expand the entire subtree... not good.


Show playing song of Last.fm in the sound notification panel

I can't say for the official Last.FM player, but I know that Tagplayer (a very popular dedicated last.fm player) supports this. Also Rhythmbox has a last.fm plugin by default. Playing last.fm streams through that should also use the sound menu.


There should be nothing you need to do with your BIND configuration. With your DNS being managed through your domain registrar, you should be able to enter a new A Record for crm.company.com that points to the public IP address of your LAN router.
crm.company.com IN A 12.34.56.789
Apache on your Linux server will need to be configured to handle requests for crm.company.com as a virtual host if the server is not already assigned that hostname.

You will need to configure your LAN router to open and forward necessary ports (like 80 and 8080 for http and https) to the internal LAN IP address of the Linux server.

This works fine if your LAN router is working with a static public IP address. If your router is using a dynamic public IP address, it gets more complicated and you will need to investigate using a dynamic DNS service like dyn.com to manage the DNS for your crm.company.com domain and configure your primary DNS to point to the dynamic DNS service for resolving the subdomain.

Edit - based on addtional info from comments

Since you have an intermediate server acting as a router and running BIND that you want to manage resolving a subdomain, and your primary DNS is being managed through your domain registrar, the resolution to your desired configuration gets a little complicated. Registrars rarely support subdomain DNS services, expecting that either you or your hosting provider handle any subdomain delegation.

The simplest solution I can think of for your desired configuration is to, if possible, run BIND on your VPS and have that become the authoritative host for your domain. You would then need to add an A Record in BIND on the VPS server for your intermediate server after giving it a FQDN and hostname (company.local will not work - it needs to be something like zones.company.com to be resolvable externally.) An additional PTR Record on the VPS for the crm.company.com server should also point to your intermediate server. Then BIND on the intermediate server should be set up with a Master Zone for zones.company.com and add an A Record to it pointing to the LAN IP of the crm server:  crm.company.com IN A 10.1.1.122
You will need to make sure that IPTABLES allows forwarding and pass-through of the ports needed for your CRM system.


Without installation of any additional software, PPTP is the only available option in Ubuntu. However, you can also install plug-ins for Ubuntu's Network Manager for other types of vpn, for example:

sudo apt-get install network-manager-openvpn
sudo apt-get install network-manager-vpnc
sudo apt-get install network-manager-openconnect

For the openvpn, vpnc, and openconnect protocols, respectively. After those are installed, you can configure the VPNs in your network manager the same way you can with PPTP.


If you manually configure an interface in /etc/network/interfaces, NetworkManager will not manage it. For example, add the following to interfaces file:

iface eth0 inet dhcp

Then restart NM service (sudo service network-manager restart), now NM appplet will say that device is not managed.


Enabling Conntrack for iptables to work on openvz container?

I think the root issue is with openz. Here is quote from here

  OpenVZ servers share a kernel with the host, and as a result, you
  cannot load any kernel modules, and do some other tasks.


Mount Old Synology HDD Drives to a Ubuntu Server Machine

Although DSM OS is based on Linux, it doesn't use the EXT2/3/4 file system which comes standard with Ubuntu but uses BTRFS.
Although it is possible to install BTRFS on Ubuntu, it is also:

... a new copy on write (CoW) filesystem for Linux aimed at implementing advanced features while focusing on fault tolerance, repair and easy administration and Btrfs is under heavy development...

So the short answer is:
No, we cannot guarantee that plugging the disks from your Synology NAS into an Ubuntu File server will work out-of-the-box.
I would even advise not to try before:

Making a full image backup using dd

Installing BTRFS:
 apt-get install btrfs-tools

Installing the disks on the Ubuntu Server in the exact same physical order as they are now installed in the NAS.

Note:
ddis also known as Disk Destroyer so use with care!


How to Re-Add Windows XP to grub menu after Ubuntu 11.10 Re-install

boot-repair is probably your best option. Here's how you can use it.

Boot into Ubuntu
Open a terminal and run sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install boot-repair
Open boot-repair
Use choose the Recommended Repair
Follow the instructions you are given
Reboot once boot-repair is done
Profit!


What would cause Compiz window animation durations to not have any effect?

Sounds like a bug in compiz settings manager, you should report a bug by following this guide:

http://wiki.compiz.org/HowtoSubmitBugReports


Will the Driver Support for Intel HD Graphics be Improved in 12.10?

Yes. Not sure about the specific bugs you hit, but it will be improved.

The Linux kernel and X.org drivers will receive quite some updates in the upcoming release. Try out some backports for the current release from the X Updates PPA (only X and graphics) or xorg-edgers PPA (bleeding edge, new 3.5 kernel, may break everything).

Also if you update 12.04 completely (aka 12.04.1 at this moment), support should also be better than at the time of the 12.04 release.

I suggest the Phoronix article category "Display Drivers" for further readings.


Does Brave browser have ability to sync bookmarks like firefox login mechanism?

From the FAQ:

  16. What kind of data is stored in the Brave Vault? Can users access it?

  The vault generates a UUID upon connection from your first Brave
  install on a laptop or smartphone. This UUID will be shared across
  devices so you can pair devices without a login system, using just a
  QR code or similar. The browser supplies a public key for
  authentication of this anonymous identity. Everything else inside the
  vault is encrypted by a browser-generated key that we have no access
  to.

  The Brave Vault can hold information that users would like to sync
  across devices such as bookmarks, passwords, etc. -- but only with
  user permission to sync this data. It also holds the combined,
  anonymized cross-device browser history captured by the browser. The
  user can access any of this information and has complete control over
  what is stored. The vault is not connected to any PII, email,
  username, etc.


linux KVM guests network performance is slower than host

try and stop iptables and run your test again, I have seen a miss configured "mingle table" can have similar effects on your kvm guests.

/etc/init.d/iptables off


CTRL button in nano not registering (ubuntu server 16.04 in virtualbox)

Well Some playing around with different combinations of keys let me use "Left-SHIFT + Left-CTRL + x" seemed to work just like pressing Left-CTRL.  So my solution was add the shift key to the combination.


Why does myPhpAdmin open in a different browser to the one that is set as default?

I'm thinking maybe Software Center uses gnome-www-browser rather than x-www-browser. So you could try to use that procedure to set gnome-www-browser instead:

update-alternatives --config gnome-www-browser


AWK: append number of lines *to next* occurance of pattern (in a huge file)

I managed to compile the following one-liner:

tac so_count.txt | awk 'BEGIN{x=0} {x++;{if ($1 != "TITLE") printf "%s,%s\n",$0,x;else if ($1 == "TITLE") {printf "%s,%s\n",$0,x;x=0}}}' | tac

I'll explain a bit further:

tac - reverse the order of lines (reverse cat).
awk - if the first column is not TITLE advance the counter, if TITLE print the current count and reset back to 0.
tac - reverse it back.

Results:

TITLE something,4
DATA some data,3
DATA some data,2
DATA some data,1
TITLE something else,2
DATA some other data,1
TITLE some more,4
DATA some other data,3
DATA some other data,2
DATA some other data,1
TITLE extra info,3
DATA some more data,2
DATA some more data,1

Good luck!


Did you try, for example, assuming you want the PPA snapshot version of handbrake.

Google for "ppa handbreak". In the second link of launchpad it says snapshot.
On the snapshot handbreak launchpad page: https://launchpad.net/~stebbins/+archive/handbrake-snapshots copy the ppa line: ppa:stebbins/handbrake-snapshots

In my case I go to the console/terminal and type there:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:stebbins/handbrake-snapshots

Then I wait for the ppa to merge with the source.list and then do an update. Either sudo aptitude update or sudo apt-get update.

Now IF the ppa has the package for the 11.10 version, you should see it. If not you need to wait until it appears in the PPA. In this case the PPA was updated about 14 hours ago with the 11.10 version for it BUT remember, this is a snapshot.

Then just go to synaptic, software center, aptitude, apt-cache or whichever you want and you should see the new version there saying hello.


Missing features in Gnome after installing

You're problem is that you are using Unity's theme. Gnome uses Adiwaita by default. To change your theme, follow these instructions:

Open Terminal using Ctrl+Alt+T
Run the command sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool
Enter your password, then press Y followed by Enter if asked whether you would like to install the software.
Open up the Tweak Tool you just installed.
Click Theme.
Change all the settings to the default ones.

To get the Gnome login screen, perform the following steps.

Open Terminal.
Run the command sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm
Run the command sudo service lightdm stop
Run the command sudo service gdm start

This will set gdm as your default display manager and stop lightdm.

Now, you should have the full Gnome-3 experience.


Installing ubuntu 13.04 as only os but windows still there (Asus UX32A)?

have you formated the larger disc? or just the ssd? seems you have win8 in the HDD yet. the main reason you should put on the ssd is because the system startup going to be faster.


From:

How do I check system health?

NVMe PCIe M.2 Gen 3.0 x 4 (or 2) SSD
If you have an SSD they're life span is measured in trillions of writes. Your SMART utility already measures SSD life but not for NVMe SSDs. For that you need nvme-cli. To install it use:
sudo apt install nvme-cli

Next gather information available from SSD:
$ sudo nvme smart-log /dev/nvme0
Smart Log for NVME device:nvme0 namespace-id:ffffffff
critical_warning                    : 0
temperature                         : 40 C
available_spare                     : 100%
available_spare_threshold           : 10%
percentage_used                     : 0%
data_units_read                     : 12,539,332
data_units_written                  : 10,623,582
host_read_commands                  : 281,194,884
host_write_commands                 : 96,528,713
controller_busy_time                : 672
power_cycles                        : 1,677
power_on_hours                      : 687
unsafe_shutdowns                    : 105
media_errors                        : 0
num_err_log_entries                 : 279
Warning Temperature Time            : 0
Critical Composite Temperature Time : 0
Temperature Sensor 1                : 40 C
Temperature Sensor 2                : 51 C
Temperature Sensor 3                : 0 C
Temperature Sensor 4                : 0 C
Temperature Sensor 5                : 0 C
Temperature Sensor 6                : 0 C
Temperature Sensor 7                : 0 C
Temperature Sensor 8                : 0 C

The most important field is Percentage used which shows as 0%. This isn't disk usage percent but life used percent. I've had this drive since October 2017 and now it's December 2018. As soon as Percentage used hits 1% I can multiply the number of months I've owned it by 100 to find out when it will die. At the current rate I can say the drive will live 100+ years. Of course it will be obsolete in ten years anyway.
Notice the temperature report.


How can I fix the slow performance of my Marvell Yukon 88E8052 ethernet controller when using the 11.10 default driver?

According to the man page for Oneiric there is an updated driver for your card.

  To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines in
  your
       kernel configuration file:

       device miibus
       device msk


You can install it probably more easily using the .deb files provided on that download site. Open a terminal () and depending on your architecture (64-bit or 32-bit) choose the right commands, I put comments on them:

# 64-bit
wget http://131.123.42.38/lmcrs/beta/srcML-Ubuntu12.04-64.deb
sudo dpkg -i srcML-Ubuntu12.04-64.deb

# 32-bit
wget http://131.123.42.38/lmcrs/beta/srcML-Ubuntu12.04.deb
sudo dpkg -i srcML-Ubuntu12.04.deb


Problem solved by adding Indexes into the Options directive:

In the Directory "node" inside localssl.conf:

    <Directory /data>
            Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
            AllowOverride None
            Require all granted
    </Directory>


Can i install Ubuntu alongside Windows 10?

Answering this question can be a bit longer. Based on what you are trying to achieve. You can Install Ubuntu on a Virtual Machine using built in *Hyper-V* (If you have a PRO Edition of Win) Windows Feature, VMWare Player (Free) or Oracle Virtual Box hypervisors. Again it depends on your goal.

Also you can install the Ubuntu as a native OS as well, if you are looking for a Dual Boot System. Downside will be ,since Ubuntu install its own bootloader in the system partition, if in case you want to get rid of it in future the you will have to Re-install the Entire OS (windows) after formatting the Drive.

Personally, I will recommend to have Ubuntu installed on the different HDD than the same windows have. You can read more about it on
How can I dual-boot Windows 10 and Ubuntu on a UEFI HP notebook?


ubuntu uses old kernel instead of new one

Have you restarted since installing the new kernel? A kernel cannot be fully updated until the computer is restarted. If this does not work, try reinstalling 3.5.0-43. You should also try Software Updater to get new versions as none of those are the newest version.


AttributeError: 'DataSourceNoCloud' object has no attribute 'vendordata2_raw'

As per bug https://bugs.launchpad.net/cloud-init/+bug/1922739 this is now fixed.
As per bug discussion, a manual workaround is to run sudo cloud-init clean and then restart the cloud-init.service service (or reboot).


Formatting windows 8 partition without loosing data on ubuntu

If you currently have two separate petitions, one for each OS, then you can format the Windows 8 partition without loss of data on the Ubuntu partition. You can do this through Ubuntu or during the Windows install.

The easiest way to change the size of your partition is with LVM.


Can i make ubuntu server do a system beep when ubuntu is ready to log in

Looks you need just to know when ssh is started. I see solution to stop ssh server autorun and make script with 2 steps run ssh + beep command.

Be sure beep is work.

sudo apt install beep. Then check. If isn't heart beep, run sudo modprobe pcspkr and then beep.

Create script which run ssh and beep (Example: sshrun):

#!/bin/bash
update-rc.d ssh defaults
systemctl enable ssh.socket
beep
Place the script you want to run in the /etc/init.d directory and make the script executable.

chmod 755 sshrun

You need check all steps first in your system environment. And сorrect each if needed.


This might be a known bug, there also is a workaround for this.


NM will only Autoconnect if the profile is explicitly configured to do so and you connected to the network at least once successfully.

Whether a profile is configured to autconnect, depends entirely on the user who created the profile. It's the client tool that sets the setting. But indeed, all client tools default to enable autoconnct, you'd have to explicitly tell them otherwise, one by one. How to do that, depends on how you create the profile.

In nmcli, you can change an existing profile with

nmcli connection modify "$PROFILE" autoconnct no


How to set right alt as switch to next input source on ubuntu 20.04

You can do that via Tweaks -> Keyboard & Mouse -> Additional Layout Options -> Switching to another layout.
Note 1: The gnome-tweaks package needs to be installed.
Note 2: Right Alt for that purpose is not advisable if any of the layouts you use includes 3rd and 4th level symbols.


Best practices for permissions in major directories in Ubuntu

There is no one fits all when it comes to permissions. The answer is going to depend on what is the purpose of the computer.

For instance, a personal computer for your own use has nothing to do with a web server, or with a multiuser computer that has, for example, 100 different users in the /home directory.

For every situation you should define a permissions policy that adjusts to your needs.

Having said that, since you mentioned you are a bit new, you might want to look at, setuid, setgid and sticky bits. They are very handy when it comes to implementing certain permissions and control policies.

Cheers


How do you change brightness, color and sharpness from command line?

If the driver of your graphics card supports it, then you can use xrandr.

The following command lists the current configuration:

xrandr --current --verbose

If you want to change the configuration of an output, then you need the name of the output. This name is part of the output of xrandr --current, for example LVDS1.

The brightness can be changed like this:

xrandr --output <outputname> --brightness 0.8

Gamma (red:green:blue):

xrandr --output <outputname> --gamma 0.5:1.0:1.0


How to make VirtualBox use removable hard drive memory automatically

Yes, VirtualBox will use your system's RAM for speed. Hard drives and SSDs don't really have RAM available for you to use and using the hard drive storage as if it were RAM is much, much slower than using your system's RAM.

If you want to, you can add to the actual RAM in your computer by buying some and installing it, though get some help from a knowledgeable person so that you get the right kind of RAM, so that it ends up adding up to a larger amount of usable RAM, and so that it's installed correctly.

As far as storing the virtual machine and its virtual hard drive on your external hard drive, it takes a bit of time to set up and then it's easy to use. If you encounter problems, please let me know in the comments to this answer.

Creating a diskless virtual machine

Using Windows, erase everything on the external disk by formatting it normally with exFAT or NTFS or something like that that Windows (not Linux but Windows) can read.
In VirtualBox, create a new virtual machine without creating a virtual hard drive.
In VirtualBox, right click on your virtual machine and select Settings….
Configure the new virtual machine, except for the virtual hard drive.
Click OK to save the configuration.

Now we have an otherwise-configured diskless virtual machine to work with.

Moving the diskless virtual machine to your external hard drive

Quit all running VirtualBox virtual machines.
Quit VirtualBox itself.
Open %HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%\VirtualBox VMs (usually C:\Users\username\VirtualBox VMs).
Move the folder for the virtual machine you just created to your external hard drive.
Defragment the external hard drive, which shouldn't take long as there are only a few small files on it.
Find out how much free space still remains on your external hard drive in megabytes. Subtract 256 megabytes or so. This is how big your virtual hard drive should be if you aren't putting anything else on the external hard drive.
Start VirtualBox.
In VirtualBox (not the external hard drive), remove the virtual machine you just created by selecting it, opening the Machine menu, and choosing Remove….
Add the virtual machine that's on your external hard drive by opening the Machine menu and choosing Add…. Open the .vbox file in the folder you moved to your external hard drive.

Now VirtualBox knows about your diskless virtual machine and it's stored on your external hard drive.

Creating a virtual hard drive on your external hard drive

Quit all running VirtualBox virtual machines.
Quit VirtualBox itself.
Open a Windows command prompt.
Replacing the parts in square brackets, run (all one line):

  VBoxManage createhd --filename "[External drive letter]:\[Virtual machine name]\[Virtual machine name].vdi" --size [size from earlier] --format VDI --variant Fixed

For example, if your external hard drive is drive E and the virtual machine name is Ubuntu 18.04 and the remaining space we found above minus 256 megabytes (or, optionally, the space you want to use for the virtual hard drive) is 4,800,000 megabytes, you would run (all one line):

  VBoxManage createhd --filename "E:\Ubuntu 18.04\Ubuntu 18.04.vdi" --size 4800000 --format VDI --variant Fixed

Close the command prompt.

Now there's a virtual hard drive on your external hard drive ready for attachment to your virtual machine.

Attaching the virtual hard drive to the virtual machine

In VirtualBox, right click on your virtual machine and select Settings….
Click on Storage on the left.
On the right should be a SATA controller. Click on it.
Click on the add hard disk icon that appears to the right of the SATA controller.
Click on Choose existing disk.
Choose the .vdi file in the virtual machine folder on your external hard drive.
Click OK in the main settings window to accept the new settings.

Now your virtual machine is ready for the Ubuntu .iso file to be inserted into its virtual DVD drive.

Starting an installation of Ubuntu

In VirtualBox, right click on your virtual machine and select Settings….
Click on Storage on the left.
On the right should be an IDE controller. Click on it.
If there isn't an empty DVD drive just under the IDE controller, click on the add DVD drive icon that appears, and choose Leave empty.
Click on the empty DVD drive just under the IDE controller.
On the far right of the settings window, click on the DVD icon.
Choose your desired Ubuntu installer .iso file.
Click OK in the main settings window to accept the new settings.
Start the virtual machine.

When installing, make sure to use the whole (virtual) hard drive for Ubuntu.

Note that if VirtualBox starts up with your external hard drive disconnected, it won't be able to find your virtual machine because it's not accessible from your machine any more. That's not anything to worry about. If you want to use a different virtual machine, just go ahead.

If you want to use the virtual machine on your external hard drive, click on the virtual machine on the left of the VirtualBox window and you'll notice a Refresh button on the right. Attach the external hard drive to your computer, wait a few seconds, and click that Refresh button.


I couldn't find the transparency option either in lxterminal 0.3.1. Looks like they dropped it at some point. See https://sourceforge.net/p/lxde/bugs/910/. From there:

  Was due to a configure variable. Passing --enable-gtk3 to ./configure of any recent version (tested 0.3.1 sourceforge and git latest on "master") breaks faux transparency. So the gtk3 version of lxterminal seems to not support faux transparency.

In any case, what this terminal had in the past was "fake transparency" also known as pseudo-transparency. You could only see through to the root window's wallpaper even if there's another application's window between your terminal and the root window. From the wikipedia entry:

  This pseudo-transparency, so called as the background pixmap of the root window is visible (analogous to desktop wallpaper) rather than any obscured windows, allows users to make windows look less imposing (such as Terminal emulators, which usually comprise large chunks of text), and to integrate the appearance of windows with their desktop themes.

If you want true transparency, you can install Compton by running sudo apt install compton.

Once that's installed, create ~/.config/compton.conf as a plain text file.

Add the following content:

inactive-opacity = 1.0;
inactive-dim = 0.2;
mark-ovredir-focused = true;
opacity-rule = [ "80:class_g = 'Lxterminal'" ];
shadow = false;
no-dnd-shadow = true;
no-dock-shadow = true;
blur-background = false;

and save the file. Then, via the menu, open Preferences > Default applications for LXSession.

In there, click on the tab for Autostart and paste in

compton --config /home/dkb/.config/compton.conf -b

making sure to change dkb, which is my username, to yours.

Log out and then log back in again.

Now when you run lxterminal, you'll have true transparency: you'll see through to windows immediately below the terminal and your wallpaper if that's visible.

You can change the value in the opacity rule from 80 in your compton.conf to suit your tastes: the lower, the more transparent your terminal will be.

Please note that my compton.conf is rather minimal so as not to consume more resources. Of course, you can change settings to have a lot of fancy effects :) See https://github.com/chjj/compton/blob/master/compton.sample.conf for more.


How can I view an X Window from a remote system on their local system?

X clients (e.g. the remote application) find the X server (e.g. your local system) via the $DISPLAY environment variable, and are authenticated for connection via xauth cookies.

You must either allow a direct connection from the remote system to the local system and set $DISPLAY appropriately (e.g. export DISPLAY=1.2.3.4:0 or DISPLAY=1.2.3.4:0 xclock) and propagate the cookie to the remote system, or use something like SSH's X forwarding (i.e. ssh -X user@remotehost xclock) in order to automatically allow them to display on your system.


How do i get permission to edit a file in /etc/?

The error message unknown user : root occurs when the user root was deleted from /etc/passwd.

Boot a live USB, mount your root partition, and post the contents of /etc/passwd .

If you are missing only root, you can add this at the top of the file

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash

If the entire file is blank , corrupt, or incomplete, restore from backup. If you do not have a back up you can try copying the file from the live usb.

In the future, don't edit system files unless you understand what you are doing. When you do, always make a backup copy of the original file and clearly comment the changes you make. Often , but not always, comments start with a #


Ah, found an extension that does exactly that:
https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/79/hide-dash/


Netgear A6210 not installed on ubuntu 17.10

Please try:

wget https://github.com/genodeftest/Netgear-A6210/archive/port-to-4.13.zip
unzip port-to-4.13.zip
cd Netgear-A6210-port-to-4.13
make
sudo make install

Reboot and tell us if the wireless is working; we will probably have one more step.


How to stop mysql from running at boot time?

Since 15.04 you can simply do:

sudo systemctl disable mysql


The error says:

  You don't have permissions to capture on that device

wireshark require root access in order to capture data on a network device, as it uses Promiscuous mode

Executing wireshark using sudo should solve the problem (by execution the program as root)

sudo wireshark


Restore panel in Ubuntu 14.04 gnome-session-fallback

I finally figured out that the file containing information on panels etc. is ~/.config/dconf/user So I just copied this file from another user and the panels are back to default ones.


apache2 can't stop and nginx can't start

Really there's two questions here, so I'll try to answer them both:

1. Why do Apache and Nginx display the same webpage?

Take a close look at your configuration files. You will see that they both load the same content:

Apache is loading (document root): /var/www/html

Nginx is loading (root): /var/www/html;

This means both servers will show the same content, as they are loading the same file(s). You can change your "root" directory to be two different locations by editing your configuration files.

eg apache:

<VirtualHost *:8080>
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html/apache
    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

eg nginx:

server {
    listen       8080;
    server_name  127.0.0.1;
    root /var/www/html/nginx;
    index index.php index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

    location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }

    error_page 404 /404.html;
    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

    location = /50x.html {
            root /var/www/html/nginx;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
            try_files $uri =404;
            fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include fastcgi_params;
    }
}

You'd then need to make each directory and put a file in them:

mkdir /var/www/html/nginx

mkdir /var/www/html/apache

And put content into each of these folders. It's also worth checking the permissions of each folder are appropriate for the web server to access them.

2. How do I check to see if Apache has stopped and Nginx has started

There's a simple way to check the status of each service. Assuming you're logged in as root:

service apache2 stop #Stop apache
service apache2 status #is apache still running?

You can also use the ps command to get the process list:

ps aux | grep -i apache

This effectively gets all running processes, and searches for any with the name apache.

You can then start nginx and check it's running:

service nginx start #start nginx
service nginx status #is nginx running?

(optionally another way to prove the process is running):
    ps aux | grep -i nginx

It's also possible to see which program is listening on which port:

netstat -ntlp

This will tell you the local address, port, and process name of everything listening for connections on your computer. You should see in this list either nginx or apache running with port 8080 (based on your configuration files) exposed.


Your computer can handle it, but it would be quite slow. The main weakness of your computer is your RAM, which I would suggest you to upgrade it at least to 2 Gb; if you can get it to 3Gb or 4Gb, it would be better, and you could easily handle Kubuntu or Ubuntu. Over 4Gb, it is almost Useless.

So, if you want to keep your computer as it is, and have an experience of a fast and reactive Operating system (I mean faster than Windows, which is always too slow for me, but I am really not patient), I would suggest you to go for Xubuntu (XFCE) or Lubuntu (LXDE). They are basically the same as Ubuntu, but with lighter desktop environment. LXDE is lighter than XFCE, but less customizable.

Here are the links for Xubuntu and Lubuntu

http://xubuntu.org/
http://lubuntu.net/


How to improve the sound quality of an mp3 speech file?

Audacity
Audacity has many good audio processing tools suitable to improve the sound of poor audio recordings.

Noise reduction
Amplifying without distortion of loud parts
Removal of peaks

Noise reduction/removal

Load audio file into Audacity for processing

Select an area containing background noise only

Open Effect > Noise Removal...

Choose Get Noise Profile to use the previous selected noisy area for filtering.

Select all of your audio sample to apply the filter.

Choose Effect > Repeat Noise Removal.

Background noise was now effectively removed from our sample.

Listen to the sample for artifacts in case we were overdoing denoising. If so undo your work and repeat steps 2. to 6. using different settings until we are happy.

Export the processed audio in any audio format or compression you wish.

Be gentle with your sound.
Audacity's denoising algorithm has the advantage to selectively filter the background noise but it will also filter these frequencies from our original. Therefore we need to be gentle with settings. Sometimes it may be better to leave some noise in the sample to avoid a too much distorted sound in the denoised audio file.

In the audio Effect section of Audacity we will find more useful filters for audio improvements:
Compressor
The compressor will increase low volumes and decrease the volume of louder parts in our audio. Again, this effect will be applied to a selection of our audio files.
Normalize
Normalizing audio will try to stretch the volume range over possible values. Unlike a compressor (above) it will preserve the dynamic of a recording.
Repair
In case of very short artifacts (clicks or the like) we can try to remove these wit the repair tool. This tool will try to interpolate the audio values from before and after the artifact to remove a tiny bit of our sample (less than 128 sample only).


It's a bug. Therefore a simple hack:

sudo rm -f /usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.freedesktop.Telepathy.Client.AbiCollab.service

This file is created by abiword-common.

Source


Wireless is slow on Ubuntu, fine on Windows dual boot?

5s delay to load may indicated DNS problem: unresponsive DNS server listed as the first nameserver in /etc/resolv.conf.

You may test nameservers response using the command below:
    dig www.ubuntu.com @dns_server_ip_address


IP Routing: How to route a secondary IP address on a Host-Only network

Given the distro and version of linux...
There are some things to get out of the way... I understand you are using two virtual machines on an ethernet network. The command  IP addr  is a temporary IP address, which will reset upon reboot.  Try to edit with privs:  /etc/network/interfaces and add your new interface in the first machine as a new block:  Example auto eth0:1
iface eth0:1 inet static
address 192.168.0.1
gateway 192.168.0.254
netmask 255.255.255.0 (EDIT: This is proper format of the block, only an example I'm not sure what your ethernet device is called on each virtual machine or server. Could be eth0, enp0s2 etc depends on distro + BIOS too)  Now if you don't care about that it's fine just understand if it reboots it will reset second IP address. It also is dependent for the NIC of the virtual machine and depends on the virtual setup configuration. Select Virtual Machine settings and select NAT for virtual NIC configuration. Then go back to settings and select options to enable guest isolation and VMCI. This will allow you to ping virtual machines in your network. I also believe the MAC is a way to resolve IP addresses, so the network MAC of each machine's ethernet must be special due to the arp protocol. This might just be an issue with WLAN setups though (concerning wireless network MAC similarity that causes issues in arp protocols not being able to resolve IP addresses properly).  I do think virtual box might require the "guest addition" update on each machine... As VMware is different and just requires the tools installation.


Creating Physical Button for Eclipse Juno

You need to create a file in your editor and save in this location:

/usr/share/applications/

You can name it whatever you want, but it must have the .destop extension, for example:

/usr/share/applications/juno.desktop

Inside the file, paste this code:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Eclipse Juno
Comment=Eclipse Juno application
Exec=path/to/the/file
Icon=/Path/to/your/icon
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
Keywords=eclipse;java;juno;


echo "hello" >&0 | > file.txt doesn't write to file.txt

In bash, an empty command with a redirection just opens the file in the manner associated with the redirection and then closes it*. echo "hello" >&0 | > file.txt is a compound command composed of two simple commands echo "hello" >&0, > file.txt, piped. The second command is empty, so bash just opens the file for writing, truncating it, and then closes it.

In a terminal, usually the standard input, output and error are all connected to the terminal. So when you redirect stdout to stdin, it's still pointing to the terminal, and the output of echo hello >&0 is seen in the terminal, and is not sent to the pipe at all.

In zsh, an empty command with a redirection defaults to having cat be the command. So echo "hello" >&0 | > file.txt is effectively echo "hello" >&0 | cat > file.txt, and you will see the effect you want. This is not possible in bash. Here, you'll see another redirection feature not seen in bash: when you redirect the output of a command multiple times, the output is send to each of those redirected destinations (so the hello is send both to the terminal and to the pipe). In bash, it's only send to the last redirected location.

* The exception being command substitution with redirected stdin. In $(<some-file), bash will read the contents of some-file and use it as the value of the command substitution.


Recover files from NTFS drive with bad sectors

Problem solved! I know this is not related to Ubuntu but I think this could be useful for other people.

I have found out that Window's chkdsk could solve the problem, this is because Ubuntu doesn't support NTFS as well as Windows does. It has taken several hours/days to run the tasks (just Windows scandisk with all options activated) but in the end I have managed to recover 99.98% of the data.


Fade video and audio in and out using avconv

I have done this before using the morph option of the amazing 'convert' tool from imagemagick package. It's a very lengthy process, but once you write a script for it, it works flawlessly. (At least for me it was reliable.)

Here are the relevant lines from my scripts (take it as public domain):

  iii=001

  iii_plus_one=002

  imgsuffix=".jpg"

  NMORPH=10

  convert slide${iii}${imgsuffix} slide${iii_plus_one}${imgsuffix}
  -delay 5
  -morph ${NMORPH} frame%03d${imgsuffix}

  mencoder -really-quiet mf://frame*${imgsuffix} -ovc copy -mf
  fps=${FPS} -vf scale=${videoX}:${videoY} -o slide${iii}_1.avi rm
  frame???${imgsuffix}

What happens:

(not shown in the code above) You extract the last image from the first video as a jpg file (slide001.jpg). You exctract the first image from the second video as a jpg file (slide002.jpg). Or if you want to fade to black/white, replace slide002.jpg with a simple black/white image.
Then you morph slide001.jpg to slide002.jpg. This will generate 10 new images that are a mix of the two original images by varying degree of transparency: frame001.jpg, frame002.jpg, frame003.jpg, ...
Then you compile the 1+10+1 images as a separate video using mencoder/avconv.
(not shown in the code above) You join the videos: first_video + slide001_1.avi + second_video


Where to find a detailed catalog of installed packages?

Isn't Synaptic > Status > Installed the answer to what you are looking for?


How to ensure that apt upgrade doesn't change grub.cfg or restore it afterwards?

Copy your /boot/grub/grub.cfg beforehand to grub.bak, grub.before, grub.alt, or something else.  It's a text file, not a binary, and there's more about it here.

After the upgrade, compare the current grub.cfg to the copy with the comparison tool of your choice, and if need be, copy from the copy back to grub.cfg.

If you want to also save each of the constituent files which are concatenated to make the grub.cfg, tar up the contents of /etc/grub.d plus /boot/grub/grub.cfg , then untar into /temp and compare with the tool of your choice after you've made a significant change and need to check.


Dell Studio 15, Turnoff after suspend due to overheat, and does not turnon the fan as well

most probably installing the correct VGA driver can reduce overheating. To install correct VGA driver

you need to do some simple things if your using ubuntu 12.10

first go to software center and type drivers.
in there find additional drivers. and install it.
after installation complete open it. it will search drivers for your VGA card. warning! do not close it. because additional drivers not working properly in 12.10 so once you close you cannot find it anywhere. then you must remove it and re-install it again through software center.
install all available VGA drivers for your machine.
after installation complete it will ask you to restart. you done!.
after restart go to Settings >  Details there you can see your VGA name and type.


How to remove WinThumbnails gnome extension

There is a possibility in two location . check there

/home/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions

&

 /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions


VLC media player not working : Ubuntu 18

i didn't want to do it,but i solved the problem by downloading wine and its front-end interface which allowed me to download vlc 2 and I watched Matrix with no problems. Until I can find a fix for vlc 3.0 4.0 this will have to be a workaround


Your card is supported, now to configure wake-on-lan:

Install ethtool

sudo apt-get install ethtool

Edit /etc/rc.local to add this line before the exit 0 line:

ethtool -s eth0 wol g

Find out the MAC address of your network card (replace eth if with your interface name, eth0, eth1, ..):

ifconfig eth | grep "HWaddr" | awk '{print $5}'

Shutdown the machine. You should be able to wake it up using:

wakeonlan your_mac


Here are some general tips you may want to have a look at first. Make sure you have the latest version of Audacity, enough memory, etc.:
http://theaudacitytopodcast.com/tap040-10-tips-for-how-to-keep-audacity-from-crashing/

If that doesn't help, look in to the known bugs for the current version of Audacity and see if anyone has found a workaround. This one seems similar to what you are experiencing, but maybe not exactly the same: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/audacity/+bug/792549


Eclipse is not running after installation

Note that you've installed Eclipse Neon, not Eclipse Indigo, which is a good thing.  In any case, what you've installed is just the installer program.  You have to run "eclipse-inst" to actually install Eclipse.


Why does 'passwd' fail to change user's pw

I tried several of the suggestions in Getting an "Authentication token manipulation" error when trying to change my user password until something worked.

I think the successful one was 'pam-auth-update'


This answer on UNIX and Linux will help you out.
Synopsis : you would need to use gnome-screensaver package. You need to manually install gnome-screensaver package


I found a "solution". By default the environment variable    QT_QPA_PLATFORMTHEME    is being set to    appmenu-qt5. Exporting    kde    instead fixes the problem if you try to start programs via Terminal.

However even adding this to .xinitrc or something else, this will just get overridden (probably by the plugin). Meaning the changes won't be permanent. Removing it (appmenu-qt5) via apt-get seems the only possible way to me.


save or save as text document ubuntu 16.04

You've opened a file which you don't have permission to write. In another word, you opened it in read-only mode. Look at the title of the Text Editor, you can see [Read only] there.

If that file is for example in /etc/ with name abcd.conf, you'd open it using this command in terminal

sudo gedit /etc/abcd.conf

That will enable you to write on it.

However, I strongly recommend you to learn what you are doing in Linux. Otherwise, you might get an unbootable machine.


localhost links have stopped working in XAMPP?

You have the repository version of apache2 installed. That's why when you use /opt/lampp/xampp start it tells you that there's already another instance.

Just remove that package and you should be all right. Here's how:

sudo service apache2 stop
sudo apt-get remove apache2


canonical-livepatch, Doesn't seem to patch anything

Does any of those 11 updates qualify?. If so file a bug report if they have not updated.

  Q: What kinds of updates will be provided by the Canonical Livepatch Service?

  A: The Canonical Livepatch Service is intended to address high and critical severity Linux kernel security vulnerabilities, as identified by Ubuntu Security Notices and the CVE database. Note that there are some limitations to the kernel livepatch technology -- some Linux kernel code paths cannot be safely patched while running. We will do our best to supply Canonical Livepatches for high and critical vulnerabilities in a timely fashion whenever possible. There may be occasions when the traditional kernel upgrade and reboot might still be necessary. We’ll communicate that clearly through the usual mechanisms -- USNs, Landscape, Desktop Notifications, Byobu, /etc/motd, etc.

From the USN mailing list I would expect...

USN-3981-2: Linux kernel (HWE) vulnerabilities. 15.5.
USN-3980-2: Linux kernel (HWE) vulnerabilities. 15.5.
USN-3981-1: Linux kernel vulnerabilities. 14.5.

to quality (the others are not marked as 18.04). As you only listed "11 updates": Have you had these installed on your server? Can you confirm if they are?


chmod 771 -R /home/UserX

This will give rwx permissions to both the owner and the members of the group that the owner belongs to. The first 7 gives the owner rwx permissions, the second gives rwx to the group and the third bit is everyone else. The -R flag is the recursive option. Everyone else with just have execute permissions (Hence the third bit in the triplex there). You could change this if you wanted different permissions for the global user (not the owner or part of the group).

Alternatively you can use:

chmod g+rwxs /home/UserX

This will ensure that future files created in the directory are owned by the group and have rwx permissions.


VirtualBox 5.2.10 unstable, how to revert to an older version

First I tried this:

apt purge virtualbox
apt install virtualbox-5.1
apt-mark hold virtualbox

Starting the virtual machine failed with error: VERR_VM_DRIVER_VERSION_MISMATCH (-1912)

Then this:

apt remove --purge virtualbox*
apt install virtualbox-5.1
apt-mark hold virtualbox

Then I got an error about USB 3.0 not working.
I disabled USB in machine settings.
Started the machine again and reinstalled vbox extensions to get the matching version.

The menu is still missing, multi monitor systems do not work properly yet.

But I got rid of the freezing mouse problems.


Is there any way to get AMDGPU-PRO drivers working on Ubuntu 16.04?

Launch the "Additional Drivers" app. (Search for addi on your Dash and it should dhow up).

Additional Drivers App Screenshot

This will show any extra drivers that are available for your hardware.
As you can see, I'm currently using the drivers that NVIDIA provides for my graphics card.
The drivers for your card should show up there too.

To install them, just select them and click apply changes.

Good luck!


How can I modify Firefox safe-mode from linux command line

Unfortunately Firefox can't selectively enable pluggins from the command line, but to do it graphically follow these steps:

To run Firefox normally

To run firefox out of safe mode simply run firefox from the command line:

firefox

To selectively enable/disable plugins

To find all your installed plugins run firefox -url about:plugins fom the command line:

firefox -safe-mode -url about:plugins

Once you have done that you can manually enable/disable plugins with the GUI interface.
Goto Tools menu > Add-ons > Plugins

Then disable all and reable them one at a time to see which plugins are giving you problems


How to make a new parition out of unallocated partition using gparted?

You can leave this fields empty if you want, so no partition name or label will be set.
If you want to set a partition name and/or label, they should be unique in your system since they can be used to identify a partition for example in /etc/fstab.
If you set both, you should use the same name for the partition name and the label to avoid confusion.

The partition name is only available for GPT and is stored in the partition table

The label is a file-system property and is stored in the superblock of the file-system.

In a default installation, the UUID of the file-system is used to identify a partition. A UUID is a long string, a mix of letters and numbers, it does not tell you anything about the content of a partition. That's what labels and partition names are for, but you need to define them yourself. It makes sense to chose a name or label which describes the content of your partition, so you can easily identify your partitions in Gparted or other command output like lsblk -f.


This command worked for me. I just needed to execute it once.

lsusb

Note down vendor and product id. In my case it is 12d1 and 1f01 respectively.

Bus 002 Device 003: ID 05c8:038f Cheng Uei Precision Industry Co., Ltd (Foxlink)
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0438:7900 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0bda:b008 Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 12d1:14db Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. E353/E3131
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0438:7900 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

Then execute this once.

sudo usb_modeswitch -v 12d1 -p 1f01 -J


How do you recover from formating your partition with grub?

This page documents installing GRUB from the live CD:

http://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2#METHOD%203%20-%20CHROOT


I just purchased microserver N54L, how to install?

I've installed 12.04 on mine. I did it due to longer support and stability.

My setup is similar to yours, except the sound card, I will use the HDMI output for that.
What I looked in with this server was to have NAS and Media Center functions in one box. And the main reason was, of course, price. I bought this box for 160€, this is cheaper than most 2-bay NAS on the market.

Installation should be pretty straight forward. Aside from the AMD proprietary drivers, a normal install should be anything you need to put your machine to work.

I haven't dwelled much into the configuration of the machine, but here are my notes.

"The Goods"

Rhythmbox: Since I moved my music library to the server I tough that was no sense in having a samba share just to sync my iPod in my Windows machine. This worked perfectly, even allowing me to use different folders for Podcasts and Music.
XBMC: Just touch the surface here, but it seems that XBMC is a really good way to have your media library organized.

"The Bads"

Sensors: It seems that I can only check the temperature of the CPU, and not each individual core. Memory temp is allowed, but chipset temp is not present.
X: Even in Unity 2D the X process takes quite a toll on the CPU, can't understand why.
ATI driver: It seems that nVidia drivers have a better support for hardware decoding features that allow better performance while playing videos. Note that this is just a empiric guess, I have no proof that this is true.

"The Unknown"

Remote Administration: I've checked Zentyal. Although it is it's own distro, since it's based in Ubuntu it seems that you can install it easily using Ubuntu repos.
Input devices: Haven't checked if wireless keyboards or pointers work with Ubuntu, but a quick search on Google should provide more info on this.

I'm still exploring, but seems to me that maybe the best course of action is to just install something like OpenMediaVault or FreeNas, and have another device just for media decoding.


What is the latest kernel in 17.04? 4.10.0-21-generic?

You can install Ukuu (Ubuntu Kernel Update Utility). Check the latest kernel and install.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:teejee2008/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ukuu


No internet connection after updating Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

I reverted to the previous Linux kernel.

I had the problem with "Ubuntu with Linux 4.15.0-24".
I'm now using "Ubuntu with Linux 4.13.0-45".

ifconfig shows both enp111s0 and lo again, and I can use wired connection.

Note that I didn't install any network driver for this previous version.


Alternatives for 'egrep -o "success|error|fail"  | sort | uniq -c'

No, I think that you are as good as it gets. Naturally, you could do it with one perl script,

perl -nle  's/.*(error|fail|success).*/$1/ && $a{$_}++ ; END {  print "$_ $a{$_}" for keys %a } ' test.txt

...but it is more complex and less intuitive.


How to keep files on usb after rebooting?

You did not mention whether you are using a live usb or you installed ubuntu to harddisk.
I suppose you are using a live usb and you want to keep your files across reboots. This is called persistence. The easiest way to create persistent live usb is to use unetbootin with checking the persistence option and allocating some space in unetbootin.

There are also other ways to create a persistent usb, simply search askubuntu for persistent live usb.


Cannot Install Ubuntu!! No Install Ubuntu Alongside Option!

Your problem is almost certainly caused by leftover GPT data on an MBR disk. You can correct this problem by running FixParts (part of the Ubuntu gdisk package) on the disk. Once you've done that, you should be able to resize partitions to make it all work.

Also, be sure to disable the Windows 8 Fast Startup feature. This feature is incompatible with a dual- (much less a triple-)boot configuration.


How to couple Unity Launcher with window opened by IntelliJ?

If you have IDEA 11 then goto Tools menu and select Create Desktop Entry. Then do any modifications you want to do to the .desktop file which would be created at  ~/.local/share/applications
For more info check out Custom Launcher for IntelliJ IDEA in Ubuntu Unity

I don't think this problem can be solved in IDEA versions older than 11. Check out Java application launcher not staying in Unity launcher and http://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/IDEA-70806


Cannot find Vietnamese (Unikey) in text input although ibus-unikey is installed

We have to enable ibus-unikey after installed it.

  Step 1:

  Open System Settings/Language Support
  In Language tab/keyboard input method system choose Ibus
  Install Vietnamese if you did not.

  Step 2:

  reboot

  Step 3:

  Open System Settings/Text Entry
  Hit '+' to add the "Vietnamese(Unikey)(IBus)"
  ( Make sure the "Show current input source in the menu bar" was ticked )

After reboot, you'll see the Unikey option.
Hope this help you and the others !!

Chúc bạn thành công.


Apparently I had saved my img file to right path but wrong device (forgot to mount after restart so it was on my OS device). Thus when I mounted by kvm image device this file was hidden. Found it by accident when I unmounted the device.

This response helped to clarify what I was doing wrong.


Proprietary drivers ATI Radeon HD in Ubuntu 13.04 don't work

Until now, the AMD proprietary drivers didn't work with Ubuntu 13.04 (graphic card Radeon 6850).
But today (07 sept 13), I simply check the proprietary driver (update) in System parameters of Ubuntu, it got installed and it works ! So, it seems to have been updated.


How to properly install Microsoft Office in Ubuntu 14.04 with wine?

PlayOnLinux - for Microsoft Office 2010 and higher

I've figured out with a wine GUI called Playonlinux.
WORKS FOR ANY VERSION OF UBUNTU

It comes with the addequate configuration for multiple applications and games, you have to have only the installer and then follow the program instructions.

For installing it run the following commands:

To add the repository that contains the program

wget https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/Release.key

sudo apt-key add Release.key
sudo apt-add-repository 'https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/'
sudo apt-get update

And to install it:

sudo apt-get install playonlinux

Then I installed Microsoft Office Pack 2010 following steps below:

Install winbind dependency with sudo apt-get install winbind
Open PlayOnLinux, click Install, search for Microsoft Office 2010, browse for setup.exe and wait it to finish (on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS will download Wine 1.7.52 and dependencies, will create virtual drive as ~/.PlayOnLinux/wineprefix/Office2010/, report success of installation and will create shortcuts).
You can access MSO 2010 applications from Dash or other Applications menu.

WineTricks - for Microsoft Office 2007 and lower

Install WineTricks from repository with sudo apt-get install winetricks
Prepare OFFICE12.iso with complete Microsoft Office 2007 installation media, mount it with Disk Image Mounter (see this Q&A).
Create empty wine-prefix and install MSO 2007 here with:

WINEARCH=win32 WINEPREFIX=~/.local/share/wineprefixes/office2007pro \
winetricks office2007pro

Wait setup to finish.
As the result you will get MSO 2007 installed with shortcuts and file-associations (in my experience PlayOnLinux does not do so with MSO 2007).


Suspend and hibernate don't work on a hp pavilion dv6

I used to observe exactly the same problem after I had updated 11.04 ubuntu to 2.6.38-10 kernel's version. The problem resolved when I switched back to 2.6.38-8 version.


Can installing ubuntu on my pc/mac destroy it or harm it in any way? And will I still get my previous data(files, images, etc...)?

To install Ubuntu (vs. trying it from a Live USB/CD) you will need to create space on your Hard drive for a set of Ubuntu only partition(s). This is where Ubuntu system files, and potentially user data will be housed.

Option 1:
You can chose to use your entire drive for Ubunut, you will have to format it and hence by extension will be voluntarily deleting all your data from it.

Option 2:
Keep your original OS (OS X or Windows) as is, and instead create a new partition in the free space of your Hard drive (assuming you only have one drive). Then install Ubuntu in that newly created partition. In this approach your original data will remain un-touched.


No sound on chrome (Only) after using an HDMI cable

I had the same problem. When I changed sound output device to HDMI, I did it in PulseAudio Volume Control. This made the sound in Chrome disappear. To fix it:

Open PulseAudio Volume Control (open a terminal and type pavucontrol)
Go to the Configuration tab and identify the drop-down list that contains HDMI outputs. Set that profile to Off.
Select profile for the drop-down list that contains your normal sound output (e.g. Analog Stereo Output).


Navigate to System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts.

It should look like this:

There should be options available to configure the shortcuts there. Look for the Super+S shortcut and change it to F1.

Also, remember to change the F1 shortcut to Super+S afterwards and that should sort out the problem.


Unable to print after update to Ubuntu 18.10 - brother DCP 7065DN USB

Fixed issue with following commands:

sudo rmdir /usr/share/ghostscript/9.25/iccprofiles

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgs9-common

Wull


"E: File does not exist: file" while removing a package

sudo dpkg -P --force-all libgtk2.0-cil

Was not enough for me I had to :

sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info/libgtk2.0-cil.postrm /var/lib/dpkg/info/libgtk2.0-cil.postrm.tmp

sudo dpkg -P --force-all libgtk2.0-cil

I renamed other files but it may not be needed :

/var/lib/dpkg/info/libgtk2.0-cil.clilibs.tmp
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libgtk2.0-cil.md5sums.tmp
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libgtk2.0-cil.postrm.tmp
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libgtk2.0-cil.list.tmp
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libgtk2.0-cil.postinst.tmp
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libgtk2.0-cil.prerm.tmp

--
http://rzr.online.fr/q/dpkg


Ignoring that you seem to have given up with English after the first sentence, I'll explain a bit about Ubuntu.

You should never have to worry whether or not your computer will run it as long as it is a somewhat recent model and contains somewhat well-known hardware

Since Macs generally have very generic hardware (HPs are almost exactly the same for some reason), they generally work pretty well with Ubuntu. I believe, however, that there is a rather advanced step you need to take, involving the installation of a third-party bootloader (or whatever the name is -- I'm too tired to remember).

Most people recommend installing rEFInd, but I personally prefer the Clover bootloader, which is very easy to install and supports booting from Mac, Linux and Windows, and even hybrid boots of legacy and EFI. (It's also highly themeable)

Here's a handy guide to installing Ubuntu using rEFInd. If you want to try out Clover, ignore the instructions involving the rEFInd installation and just install Clover instead.

To directly answer your question, yes, your computer should work perfectly fine with Ubuntu.


Can I use wubi if I have a UEFI motherboard and Windows Vista?

The last I heard, WUBI was not compatible with EFI-mode booting. Thus, if your Windows is installed in EFI mode, you should not attempt a WUBI install, since it will be a waste of time at best.

That said, just because a motherboard supports EFI doesn't mean that it's necessarily booting using EFI. If you install Windows in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, you should be able to use WUBI. You can check your Windows boot mode by examining the partition table: If it uses the older Master Boot Record (MBR) system, Windows is installed in BIOS mode; if it uses the newer GUID Partition Table (GPT) system, Windows is installed in EFI mode.

You can install Linux side-by-side with Windows in a traditional non-WUBI way in either BIOS or EFI mode, so as a general rule, that's the safest way to proceed. If you're building the computer from scratch, that's likely to be the better way to go; WUBI is best used if you're not certain you want to keep Linux and if you don't want to bother repartitioning. You should learn about BIOS vs. EFI boot modes in Linux to ensure you install Linux in a compatible way. One quick check is to open a Terminal or switch to a text-mode console and look for the directory /sys/firmware/efi. If it's present, you've booted Linux in EFI mode, and the installation program will attempt an EFI-mode installation. If that directory is absent, you've probably booted in BIOS mode and the installer will attempt a BIOS-mode installation.


Bluetooth Speaker Pairs, no sound - Kubuntu 19.04

I eventually figured this out.

If you click on the "volume" icon (a speaker icon, at the bottom-right of the desktop by default in Kubuntu), there are two tabs; "Devices" and "Applications." If you click on "Applications", and then click on the sandwich icon (three bars) that opens the settings, you'll find that "Built-in analog speakers" are the default setting; you must select your Bluetooth device manually.

Would be a nice fix in the next version of Kubuntu to have a plugged-in Bluetooth device be the default, as this is the behavior we see in nearly all OS's.


Cannot Umount the file /dev/sda1 in VirtualBox

Just like with any other Linux system, you can't unmount filesystems in use. You will need to download a bootable live ISO that contains Gparted (might as well get it from the source: https://gparted.org/) and force your VM to boot from it. This will allow you to resize the /dev/sda partition and gain you the space you increased the VDI by.


Add the path to the header (snap-core, snap-adv, glib-core, snap-exp) and the object file Snap.o

Example for: examples/graphgen/graphgen.cpp:

g++ graphgen.cpp  ../../snap-core/Snap.o -I../../snap-core -I../../snap-adv -I../../glib-core -I../../snap-exp


I found the configconsole on Github. But it needs the Python Libary from Turnkey too.

Then I get the console but without the Advenced Menu. It crashes as soon as I want to klick on something.


Ubuntu 16.04 Wifi only activates when restarting

I had the same problem.

Open a terminal and try the following:

sudo systemctl restart network-manager.service


Most of what is in the question is unnecessary.

Most of the answer for setting up wifi is given in here How to connect to Wi-Fi AP through WPS?

But the main issues is that ifsupdown must be installed, and isn't installed by default.

sudo apt-get install ifsupdown

With this setup the apt-services stuff setup as per the quesiton is redundant (and doesn't work anyway).

In my specific case (the original question) with a tip from @carlozancanaro@mastodon.technology I ended up manually installing ifupdown, and trying to start the wifi, it reported that my /etc/network/interfaces file has an error and the 'roam' line is not compatible with DHCP and has to be static.

I changed my network file to read:

  # interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
    auto lo
    allow-hotplug wlp2s0
    iface lo inet loopback

    iface wlp2s0 inet static
            wpa-driver wext
            wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

    iface default inet dhcp

I disabled my wpa service stuff (the .service and .sh files) and it all works fine.

It boots up and the wifi is active with an IP address.


Fast bootup, but slow login from GDM prompt to desktop

A workaround solution that is less annoying. May not be best practice security wise.

Enable auto login
Create a unit file to start the lock screen after bootup: /etc/systemd/system/lock_screen.service

[Unit]
Description=Lock screen after bootup since gdm login is slow
After=display-manager.service

[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/sleep 5
ExecStart=/usr/bin/loginctl lock-sessions

[Install]
WantedBy=graphical.target

Enable it: systemctl enable lock_screen
Reboot
If it doesn't work, increase the sleep time.


Is there a detailed user's documentation for KDE Plasma 5?

The place for all KDE related User documentation is found at KDE Userbase. If you feel there are changes that should be made based on your experiences, there are a few things you can do, listed in descending order of relevance:

(1) Edit the Wiki yourself, adding the specific information you've found. Information can be found here. Also see here.

(2) Contact the documentation group via IRC: irc://irc.kde.org/kde-docs

(3) Post a message on the Contributor's Corner section of the KDE Forums asking for the changes to be made or how you can most easily make them.

Help with documentation is ALWAYS needed and appreciated.


Trouble install Ubuntu Server 20.04.1 on Raspberry Pi 3 B+

I was able to figure out what was wrong.
Disconnecting my keyboard and mouse allowed it to boot. I plugged them back in and everything was fine from that point on.


Blank screen after kernel upgrade 3.19.0-25 to 3.19.0.80

I kept looking. I found a suggestion to remove "splash" from /etc/default/grub but that was not there. Tried adding "quiet" and that didn't help.

In the end, the line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="nomodeset"

https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2332511

Has allowed the system to boot as before. While this is a workaround, I would still like to see a proper solution.


How to upgrade from 11.10 to 12.04 without internet without internet connection?

Download 12.04 ISO from any other fast Internet source and then
Make it as a Live CD/USB then boot from it
Start installation and select the Upgrade Ubuntu 11.10 to 12.04 option in the installation process


Chrome (on VirtualBox) shows blank pages

If you haven't already, it's a good idea to maximize the Video RAM available to the VM in Virtualbox as a shortage can cause some rather odd video anomalies.

Having done that follow up by opening chrome://settings/ and going to Advanced.

uncheck the related box (2nd below system) shown checked below.


Use nmap scan specific ports to see which IP addresses are running any of those

What you want to do is this:

nmap -p 53,123 192.168.0.0/24

-p  specifies list of comma-separated ports.
192.168.0.0/24 tells to scan local network in CIDR notation. Please note that if you are scanning a local network, you need to know what type it is; for example /24 means there are 2^(32-24) - 1 = 255 possible host addresses ( and if you exclude  router, broadcast, and network ID there are 3 less addresses ). Use ip addr -o to find on what network you are on.

Of course, you can use other options in combination with this to perform various types of scans.


How to install gromacs 4.5.5 and upgrade to gromacs 4.6.3?

Remov gromacs 4.5.5 by running the below command,

sudo apt-get purge gromacs

Then download latest gromacs version from here.
Follow this installation guide to install the latest version.


Error "mount: mount point /mnt/boot/efi does not exist" when trying to reinstall grub

Disks Showing Mounted Partition prior to Reinstalling GRUB

Image of Disks showing drive after running sudo mount /dev/sda5 /mnt prior to installing GRUB by running sudo grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/sda.

Commands were run from a Live Kingston Thumb Drive.


Solved the problem myself by running ubuntu in recovery mode and selecting the option to recover the packages, after it ran and rebooted the system was back to normal 100%...
Not sure what happened though, would love for someone to take a look at the logs and let me know what is it that I did wrong to break the normal boot


"ibus-qt4" package missing from disco packages

You can install this software if you download required dependencies from 18.10 (cosmic) repository manually:

cd ~/Downloads
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/i/ibus-qt/libibus-qt1_1.3.3-1build2_amd64.deb
sudo apt install ./libibus-qt1_1.3.3-1build2_amd64.deb

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/i/icu/libicu60_60.2-6ubuntu1_amd64.deb
sudo apt install ./libicu60_60.2-6ubuntu1_amd64.deb

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/i/ibus-qt/ibus-qt4_1.3.3-1build2_amd64.deb
sudo apt install ./ibus-qt4_1.3.3-1build2_amd64.deb

wget https://github.com/maateen/avro/releases/download/v2.1/avro_2.1-3_all.deb
sudo apt install ./avro_2.1-3_all.deb

Note: manual package installation is not recommended, but in your particular case I do not see other possibilities.


If the .desktop file existed, it was probably installed along with package redshift-gtk.

Try sudo apt-get remove --purge redshift-gtk

You can check, gnome-tweaks has not any association with it:

apt-cache rdepends gtk-redshift

I'm guessing that if you remove the file, the error will go away:

rm /home/sam/.config/autostart/redshift-gtk.desktop


Insert your head phones and in Terminal run the command alsamixer, and then switch the  volume bar for headphone by pressing M.

If the sound appears and everything goes smooth then you can save the result of alsamixer by running the command

sudo alsactl store

This should save alsamixer configurations to /etc/asound.state which gets loaded every startup.


VNC Server not responsive after a few days

This is not really an answer but here is what I've done for this problem: I have installed an SSH server so that I can remotely reboot the machine from another computer where I have installed an SSH client.

Not ideal, but it works.


How to PXE boot a UEFI client with NFS rootfs?

How to netboot using ELILO

How to get EFI to netboot?

You do not need any additional software to get EFI to start a netboot session.  Any EFI machine can be configured to start a PXE/DHCP session IF it has a network adapter that has support for the UNDI/PXE protocol. Most modern cards do have such support.

To enable netbooting, you need to go into the EFI boot manager maintenance menu and 'Add a boot option'. On the screen you see the list of devices to boot from.  At least one of them should be of the form:

Load File [Acpi(PNP0A03,0)/Pci(5|0)/Mac(00D0B7A6FC25)]

which represent Ethernet card (Mac address). If you don't have such option, it means that you either do not have a network adapter in your machine or it does not have the UNDI/PXE support in its option ROM.

You need to select this option and give it a logical name such as 'netboot', for instance.  Next, you leave the maintenance menu and go back to the main menu. You now have a new boot menu option. If you select 'netboot' then EFI will start the PXE/DCHP discovery request and look for a server to get an IP address.

On the server side, you can use a standard DHCP server.

Netbooting using PXE

EFI has builtin support for PXE. In fact it first tries PXE and then default to DHCP when it does not find a valid PXE server.

There is a PXE server package available from Linux/ia32 however this package does not have the necessary extensions to talk to the EFI side.

There is no need for special options or compile time flags to get elilo to work with PXE instead of standard DHCP. When netbooted, elilo will automatically detect if it has been downloaded via PXE or DHCP and it will adujst how subsequent files are requested.

You need a special version of the DHCPD server developed by the Internet Software Consortium (http://www.isc.org) with a special patch to add the PXE extensions. Unfortunately as of version 3.0xx, the patch has not yet made it into the official tree. It is supposed to show up in version 3.1 of the dhcpd server.

In any case, the elilo package contains a simple example of how you can configure the /etc/dhcpd.conf file for a PXE-aware DHCP server using the extensions provided in the patch. You can look in examples/dhcpd-pxe.conf. The syntax is very different from a standard dhcpd server.

The key elements to keep in mind are the PXE layers used by elilo to request the different
   files:

Layer 0 : to get the name of the boot loader (elilo.efi)
Layer 1 : to get the name of the elilo config file
Layer 2 : to get the name of the kernel image

There is an IMPORTANT distinction between those layers.  The first two (0,1) and requested systematically whereas the last one is used only when the configuration file is not found, i.e., what is the default kernel to boot. The actual files are STILL downloaded via TFTP. Therefore the TFTP server must also be configured (see previous section for more on this).

Getting the config file

In this mode, elilo use the PXE layer 1 to get the config file to use. Therefore this must be set on the server side. Elilo will use the following sequence when looking for a config file:

- use the name provide by the PXE server Layer 1 or

- elilo-ia64.conf/elilo-ia32.conf/elilo-x86_64 or

- elilo.conf

Sample elilo.conf file

chooser=textmenu
default=install
delay=20
prompt

message=boot-screens/elilo_menu.msg
f1=boot-screens/general.msg
f2=boot-screens/params.msg

relocatable

image=vmlinuz
    label=install
    description="Install"
    initrd=initrd.gz
    append="--"
    read-only

image=vmlinuz
    label=expert
    description="Install [Expert mode]"
    initrd=initrd.gz
    append="priority=low --"
    read-only

image=vmlinuz
    label=rescue
    description="Rescue"
    initrd=initrd.gz
    append="rescue/enable=true --"
    read-only

Another one

boot=/dev/sda1
delay=30
timeout=50
default=Gentoo
append="console=ttyS0,9600"
prompt

image=/vmlinuz
    label=Gentoo
    root=/dev/sda2
    read-only

image=/vmlinuz.old
    label=Gentoo.old
    root=/dev/sda2
    read-only

Also take a look at  elilo.conf, and Managing EFI Boot Loaders for Linux:
Using ELILO

Elilo stops at the first match. With PXE, elilo does not try to download a config file named after the assigned IP address as it does for DHCP because there is enough flexibility in the PXE server configuration to do this.

Getting the kernel image

When there is no config file, elilo will use the kernel name returned by
PXE layer 2. If it is not specified there, then it default to 'vmlinux'.

Getting the initial ramdisk

The filename for the ramdisk MUST come from the config file. Elilo does not use a PXE layer to ask for a default name.

Getting IP address information

When elilo is netbooted, the network filesystem module initializes some elilo variables with the information it received from the DHCP server. At a minimum, it received the IP address.

The following information is stored in the variables indicated below:

assigned IP address -> %I
assigned netmask    -> %M
assigned domainname -> %D
assigned gateway    -> %G

These variables can be used to dynamically adjust the command line arguments passed to the kernel.

For more information See PXE Linux and Implementing PXE Boot

Source:HP


can i use "ubuntu-13.10-desktop-amd64.iso on a windows 8 laptop with an intel processor?

Amd is the name of Intels competitor, but in this case Amd64 refers to the fact that it is suitable for 64 bit processors - both AMD AND Intel.


Go to the 'Additional drivers' app and see if you can install drivers for your graphical card that are a little bit more adapted.

Anyway, please edit your question to indicate what monitor you use, what graphical card you have and which version of Ubuntu you are running, the latest being Ubuntu 11.10. Please also specify what you mean by "decreased on its own": between what moment and what moment did that change appear and what have you done in between? Welcome to Ask Ubuntu, by the way!


Disable "Show position of the mouse when the Control key is pressed" in 13.04

You can try to use gsettings - GSettings configuration tool.

1) Open a terminal window to get the value of "locate-pointer" key.

gsettings get org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse locate-pointer

If the result if "True" and you want to disable this feature type:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse locate-pointer false

NOTE: If you want to enable it, type:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse locate-pointer true

Or you can use dconf-tools to view and change the value.

2) To install dconf type:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

3) Open dconf editor and navigate to the path org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse. "locate-pointer" key to change the value.


HP Proliant Microserver Gen8 "failed to load module mga" graphics problems

I solved the issue by manually installing the xserver-xorg-video-mga package.

sudo apt install xserver-xorg-video-mga


Its uses upstart and it is in /etc/init/

look at this

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/154656/etc-init-d-nis-missing-on-ubuntu