Is it possible to hide the "Copy To" and "Move To" context menus?

For 11.10 and earlier
Yes, edit the file:
/usr/share/nautilus/ui/nautilus-directory-view-ui.xml

and find the last instance of this:
    <menu action="CopyToMenu">
        <menuitem name="Copy to next pane" action="Copy to next pane"/>
        <menuitem name="Copy to Home" action="Copy to Home"/>
        <menuitem name="Copy to Desktop" action="Copy to Desktop"/>
    </menu>
    <menu action="MoveToMenu">
        <menuitem name="Move to next pane" action="Move to next pane"/>
        <menuitem name="Copy to Home" action="Move to Home"/>
        <menuitem name="Copy to Desktop" action="Move to Desktop"/>
    </menu>

and make the insides empty like this:
    <menu action="CopyToMenu">
    </menu>
    <menu action="MoveToMenu">
    </menu>

That should solve your problem.


OpenGL (2.1 or greater) on Oracle VirtualBox?

Apparently, OpenGL doesn't work on Windows 8 guests yet.
I"ve installed Windows 7; according to GLView, my OpenGL version is 2.1 Chromium 1 now.

The Corona SDK's Welcome Screen isn't getting rendered, though. I'll look into it, and if I need further assitance, I'll ask again.


Ubuntu 16.04 Latest Update Broke Graphics

After several updates (maybe 4-6 times) and after removing old kernels, graphics got fixed. It has even become better.


LanguageTool version 3.2 requires Java 8 : website.

Java 8 is available in the Ubuntu 15.10 repositories.

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk

When you only need the Java Runtime Environment :

sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jre


My sound working again.  I do not know how or why though.  I woke it up from sleep to find everything working as before.  Maybe it was an errant configuration issue.  Still, I hope this link helps people in the future:

http://itsfoss.com/fix-sound-ubuntu-1304-quick-tip/


Is it possible to develop Ubuntu Application using java

Ubuntu is a distribution of many programm written in many different languages. So to answer your qeustion: Of course you can write application for Ubuntu using Java. You will need some Java SDK and here you are. this si pretty much the same as coding for Windows beside you don't have Windows specific frameworks e.g. for UI.

Unity is a Desktop environment -- a collection of software which is adding a desktop, kind of taskbar, systray etc.


Application which will display the current coordinates of the mouse cursor?

There's a package called xdotool that has an application named getmouselocation, available from ubuntu repositories with sudo apt-get install xdotool. Running the command

xdotool getmouselocation

will output

x:1285 y:10 screen:0


Go to MySQL Community Server (Archived Versions) download site
Choose Select Version: 5.6.19
Choose Select Platform: Ubuntu Linux
Download the mysql-server_5.6.19-1ubuntu14.04_*.deb-bundle.tar for your architecture
Untar tar -xvf mysql-server_5.6.19-1ubuntu14.04_*.deb-bundle.tar
Follow the detailed instructions for installing and configuring individual packages:

sudo dpkg -i mysql-common_5.6.19-1ubuntu14.04_*.deb
sudo dpkg-preconfigure mysql-community-server_5.6.19-1ubuntu14.04_*.deb (provide password for root user)
sudo apt-get install libaio1 (necessary if next step shows an error):

  mysql-community-server depends on libaio1 (>= 0.3.93); however:
  Package libaio1 is not installed.

sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server_5.6.19-1ubuntu14.04_*.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client_5.6.19-1ubuntu14.04_*.deb
sudo dpkg -i libmysqlclient18_5.6.19-1ubuntu14.04_*.deb


Convenient Terminal GNOME Extension which hides and unhides when key is pressed

The GNOME Shell extension Drop Down Terminal is just what you were looking for! Follow these instructions in order to install it.

By pressing the ` key (the one above TAB on most keyboards) you will get a Terminal, press it again and the Terminal will be gone (if you wish to change the keyboard shortcut for it simply go gnome-tweak-tool --> Extensions, press the options button for the Extension and you should find the settings in there).

Screencast (sorry about the bad video quality):


https://superuser.com/a/396516/959374

  ls doesn't provide this – it's typically used for just tweaking
  display options. What you can do instead involves using
  find. For example:

find . -perm -g+s

  To mimic ls's behavior of only listing files in the current
  directors, use the -maxdepth 1 option.

  The possible combinations are endless. Refer to the find help linked
  above for more examples and the syntax differences in using - or /
  before the mode, also with respect to / being a GNU-only extension
  and + being used in BSD-style find.

https://superuser.com/a/396516/959374

  ls does not directly support sorting by permissions, but you can
  combine it with the sort command:

ls -l | sort

  You can use the -k option to sort to start matching from a specific
  character, the format is -k FIELD.CHAR, the permissions are the
  first field in the ls output. So e.g. -k 1.2 will start from the
  second character of the permission string, which will ignore any
  directory / device / link etc. flag, or -k 1.5 for sorting by group
  permissions.

  If you don't want the additional output of ls -l, you can remove it
  with awk:

 ls -l | sort | awk '{ print $1, $NF}'

  This will print only the first field (the permissions) and the last
  one (the filename).


How can I delete files containing a number '3' or '2' in their filename?

For the current directory, you can use:
rm -- *[23]*

If you want to restrict it, to match only files where the 2 or 3 must occur between K and .wav:
rm K*[23]*.wav

If you want to make this safer by forcing rm to ask for confirmation for every file, use the -i interactive flag:
rm -i K*[23]*.wav

###Notes

the shell glob * matches any number (including zero) of any characters
to the shell [some chars] is a character class - anything inside can match
-- is recognised by rm as the end of options. This avoids errors if any filenames begin with -; otherwise the filename may be interpreted as an option

If you need to avoid matching 22, 23, 32, 33, you'll need something a little more complex, like αғsнιη's answer.


resolution problem with nvidia craphic card GT540M

If you have hybrid graphics and installed the nvidia-drivers without bumblebee you are in for a lot of touble! Just kidding...

Remove the nvidia proprietary drivers either by sudo apt-get autoremove --purge nvidia*  or through synaptic (if you have it installed) then reboot.

Now:

follow the instructions on this wiki about how to properly install bublebee with nvidia drivers and enjoy your laptop to its fulliest!


How do I create enough space for Steam on a persistent live USB?

Solution with a persistent live USB pendrive and Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

This method should work for you because mkusb is designed to work with all current versions of Ubuntu.

If you have two USB pendrives, you can make a live-only system i Windows using Rufus with 18.04.1 or 18.04.3 LTS. This could be in a smaller and/or slower drive.
Boot into this live drive.
Install mkusb into it (live-only, but it will survive until its task is done and you reboot).
Create a persistent live drive in the other bigger and/or faster USB pendrive. mkusb will create a persistent live drive with a partition for persistence and you can select 100% of the available drive space for persistence.
Boot into the persistent live system
Install Steam and enjoy :-)

Alternatives

You can use an SSD in an external box and connect via USB 3 or eSATA. This will make a very fast system, almost like it were an internal drive.
You can create an installed Ubuntu system in a USB drive, pendrive or any other kind of external drive (e.g. SSD).


Difference between adduser and usermod -G -a

adduser and usermod are two different utilities which have in common the fact that both can add a user to a group.

According to man adduser

  adduser is friendlier front ends to the low level tools like
  useradd, groupadd and usermod programs.

More info:

  man adduser : adduser, addgroup - add a user or group to the system
  man usermod : usermod - modify a user account


When I had this trouble, it was a security rule set in the IAM of AWS - that's where the firewalling and routing happens in AWS.


I had the same problem with a Logitech M535 under 18.04. Pairing it differently, via terminal, is what resolved it for me:

Unpair everything
Set the mouse to discoverable
run bluetoothctl (list the MAC address of your mouse, a number like 00:1F:28:FE:04:82)
run pair <MAC> (within bluetoothctl which paired the device)

You might also want to trust the device with

trust <MAC>

When done, just type quit

Restart your computer, your mouse should now connect automatically after sleep or restart.


Lots of soft-locks after upgrade to linux-image-5.3.0-19-generic

I booted with a live-usb, didn't experience the soft-locks at all and was about to do a full re-install when the installer notified me that I had secure boot enabled. I have a memory of disabling that ages ago, so on a hunch I quit the installer and exited the live-usb, entered my bios settings and disabled secure boot, then rebooted into my previously soft-locking ubuntu install and have yet to encounter a soft-lock after an hour of use. So I think it's fixed? Anyone have any ideas on how secure boot would have been re-enabled like that and how that could out of nowhere start causing soft-locks?


How To clone harddisk for moving Ubuntu to a new machine?

To me, the 'best' most version agnostic way to switch an install between system is to dump out the package list on your old system, and copy over configuration files. (and yes, for disclosure's sake, this is identical to my serverfault answer)

use dpkg --get-selections to dump out a list of installed packages, and install them with dpkg --set-selections. Create the same users as the source system if necessary - cat /etc/passwd should list them out, and you can check with diff to see if the two lists are identical.

Then use rsync or some other tool to duplicate your /etc/ folder for settings, various /home/ folders for users (and check permissions here) and other folders like /var/www/. Test, make sure everything's there, and you're done. Takes me less time than to set up a fresh system.

Its currently in limbo, but if you're running an older version of ubuntu, remastersys would have done a good job creating a livecd identical to a running install. Someone else is working on taking over development, and I'll be updating this answer when it is.

Both these options give a good deal more flexibility than imaging


How does apache webserver "decide" what content to serve when no virtual hosts are configured?

Yes, if you don't have a DocumentRoot directive in your configuration a compiled in default value is used. In Ubuntu before 14.10 it's /var/www, in 14.10 this has been changed to /var/www/html.


Problem to add calender from web in ubuntu 18.04!

You may try downloading the .ics file and use From file option to add that calendar.


Open a tty terminal: Ctrl+Alt+F1.
Next, log into your account and run the following commands:

sudo rm -rf ~/.cache/compizconfig-1
sudo rm -rf ~/.compiz
sudo rm -rf ~/.Xauthority
sudo dconf reset -f /org/compiz/
setsid unity
sudo reboot


Error installing mod-wsgi after upgrade to 14.04

To uninstall the package, type:

sudo apt-get remove --purge libapache2-mod-wsgi


Try to boot ubuntu with usb
Then go to ubuntu live
Open command prompt
Try this direct command

sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg


Kernel driver not installed (rc=-1908) verr_vm_driver_not_installed

Aha,the problem has been solve.According to this article 'virtualbox+Secure Boot+ubuntu=fail'
At last, you may need to insstall an package that is virtualbox-ext-pack


How to find and start Thunderbird or any application in Ubuntu?

Thunderbid comes preinstalled in Ubuntu. You can find/run it in two ways:

Graphical: Open the Dash (the top launcher in the left applications bar, with Ubuntu's symbol) and type Thunderbird. When it shows up, click it and Thunderbird will start.
Command line: Open a Terminal window and run thunderbird. It will then start. Note that when you do it through a terminal it keeps "attached" to the terminal window, so if you close it Thunderbird will be killed.


apt-mark Holding a pacakge to a major version (not a specific minor)

You can pin to a wildcard set of version numbers. See man apt_preferences for an example:

  The specific form assigns a priority (a "Pin-Priority") to one or more
  specified packages with a specified version or version range. For
  example, the following record assigns a high priority to all versions
  of the perl package whose version number begins with "5.10". Multiple
  packages can be separated by spaces.

Package: perl
Pin: version 5.10*
Pin-Priority: 1001

So, for example, on Ubuntu 16.04, where xenial-backports has a default priority of 100, the initial policy for debhelper is:

$ apt-cache policy debhelper
debhelper:
  Installed: 9.20160115ubuntu3
  Candidate: 9.20160115ubuntu3
  Version table:
     10.2.2ubuntu1~ubuntu16.04.1 100
        100 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main amd64 Packages
        100 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main i386 Packages
 *** 9.20160115ubuntu3 500
        500 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

Then, I pinned backports to a higher priority:

$ cat /etc/apt/preferences.d/debhelper
Package: *
Pin: release v=16.04,o=Ubuntu,a=xenial-backports,n=xenial,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
Pin-Priority: 600

$ apt-cache policy debhelper
debhelper:
  Installed: 9.20160115ubuntu3
  Candidate: 10.2.2ubuntu1~ubuntu16.04.1
  Version table:
     10.2.2ubuntu1~ubuntu16.04.1 600
        600 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main amd64 Packages
        100 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main i386 Packages
 *** 9.20160115ubuntu3 500
        500 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages

Again pinning 9.* versions of debhelper to an even higher priority:

$ cat /etc/apt/preferences.d/debhelper
Package: *
Pin: release v=16.04,o=Ubuntu,a=xenial-backports,n=xenial,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
Pin-Priority: 600

Package: debhelper
Pin: version 9.*
Pin-Priority: 800

$ apt-cache policy debhelper
debhelper:
  Installed: 9.20160115ubuntu3
  Candidate: 9.20160115ubuntu3
  Version table:
     10.2.2ubuntu1~ubuntu16.04.1 600
        600 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main amd64 Packages
        100 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main i386 Packages
 *** 9.20160115ubuntu3 800
        500 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

So you just need to create a file in /etc/apt/preferences.d/ that has:

Package: rabbitmq-server
Pin: version 3.*
Pin-Priority: 1001

No repository has a priority greater than 1000 by default, 1001 is enough to force apt to downgrade if needed:

  P >= 1000 causes a version to be installed even if this constitutes a
  downgrade of the package.


In Ubuntu 16.04 LTS HP LaserJet MFP M436dn Printer does not include Hplip. What can I do?

I can't find an entry for the MFP M436dn in the hplip list of supported printers; it looks like it does A3 from a SA website selling it

if the devices have MFP in their title, they often need a plug-in

so: if you open a terminal; (hold down the control and alt and t keys together) and then typehp-setup that should prompt hp-setup to run; and if a plug-in is needed, it should offer to get that and install it for you and it should do the setup for you

let us know how this goes


I was lucky enough to get access to a Linux Pro during Chemnitzer Linuxtage 2016 where an open workshop took place to support folks with their Linux problems. After two hours of fiddling he finally identified the reason for my LTE stick issue and solved it. I am happy to share the solution with you. So hopefully it helps others, too.

Obviously, Ubuntu network manager sometimes fails to add standard route 0.0.0.0 for device ppp0 (the LTE stick in my case). This causes name server issues and prevents your system from reaching any external resources, while nm-applet still displays the 'connected' icon.

Problem gets solved by manually adding this route 0.0.0.0 via shell script when ppp0 gets connected. The script goes to /etc/network/if-up.d/ and looks like this:

#!/bin/bash

if [ "$IFACE" == "ppp0" ]; then
  /sbin/ip route add to 0/0 via 0.0.0.0 dev ppp0 metric 750
fi

That's it.


caffeine is available in the default repositories.

Quoting from launchpad

  A status bar application able to temporarily prevent the activation of
  both the screensaver and the "sleep" powersaving mode.

Install via

sudo apt update
sudo apt install caffeine


Snap attempts to solve one of the fundamental problems with Linux as a desktop operating system: software availability and software distribution. Snap is not intended to completely replace debs, however. Snaps and Debs work alongside each other.
I am a Linux enthusiast and a project manager of a Linux application. While I love Linux systems as a whole, I can't stand the current state of package distribution. Universal App Formats like Snaps aim to solve this fundamental problem.
In Linux, packages are specifically built for a single version of a single distribution. With a lot of tweaking, it is possible to make one .deb package that runs on all Debian based systems, but this is complicated and limits developers. It's also not practical at times due to version locking of dependencies.
If I create a deb package for Ubuntu 20.04, it will only work on that version. I also have to make a different package for 16.04, 18.04, 20.10 and so on. I already have to make four packages just for Ubuntu. I also need to make one for every Debian version, every Fedora version and every openSUSE version. RPM is more flexible in this regard but the locked dependency issue still gets in the way.
This means if I want to release a new version of my application, I have to create over 20 packages to cover the majority of Linux distributions, and that still won't cover every distro. A second possibility is to wait for distribution maintainers to add your package to the distribution but this usually takes an absurd amount of time. Moreover, then the distribution maintainers decide which version their users get instead of the software developer.
With Snap, a single package runs on every version of every distribution that supports snap. See Installing snapd for a list of many distros that support it.
Additionally, with Snap, the developer publishes and maintains the package, instead of the distribution maintainer. So I as a developer can release new a version to all my users without having to wait on anyone else.
Essentially, everything I hate about Linux package distribution is solved by Snap. Though it's important to note that these core issues are also being solved by Flatpaks & to a degree by AppImages. The discussion for which format is better is highly debated and a much longer conversation than makes sense for this reply. For now, I will say that I am fine with running any of the universal formats since they all work differently and thus do not conflict with each other making it possible to run all 3 and traditional packages at the same time.
TL;DR
Linux package distribution is awful for both developers and users. Snaps,  Flatpaks & AppImages are intended to solve this fundamental problem with Linux based systems.

This question is really about why the move but if anyone is interested in learning more about what Snaps are and how they work. I created this video to explain the structure in-depth.


Took me a while to find this so hopefully this helps others.
wget https://download.java.net/openjdk/jdk14/ri/openjdk-14+36_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz
tar xvfz openjdk-14+36_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz
mv ./jdk-14/ /usr/lib/jvm/
update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-14/bin/javac" 1081
update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-14/bin/java" 1081
update-alternatives --set "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-14/bin/javac"
update-alternatives --set "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-14/bin/java"
update-alternatives --config java


How to make file permissions for ttyS0 stick after reboot?

This has been answered before.
What you need to do is add the user to the default group where that port is located, e. g.:

crw-rw---- 1 root dialout ... /dev/ttyS0

Group is dialout. Add user to that group:

sudo adduser $USER dialout

Reboot to test.


13.10 to 14.04: Filesystem mount failed: How get to maintenance shell?

Restart the PC and Press and hold the

  SHIFT

Key to get the Advanced options and choose Recovery mode

After reaching this screen choose

  Drop to root shell prompt

Then Run the command

mount -o remount rw /

This will make the / as read and write

then do your installation steps


Is the Compiz widget layer still available?

Install compiz-plugins-extra , I believe it should be included there.


How do I add a new keyserver to upload my PGP keys

You can set up key servers in ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf, but those settings are not considered by Seahorse as it forces GnuPG to use the key server configured in seahorse instead. With other words, if you set up key servers in gpg.conf, they will be used when you manually run gpg on the command line or within other applications interfacing GnuPG, but not Seahorse.

Instead, press the "Add" button to add a new key server in seahorse (in the configuration panel you posted as screenshot) and afterwards select it in "Publish keys to:".

Most of the OpenPGP key servers are organized in the SKS synchronizing key server network. Uploading to any of those is sufficient, the changes are then propagated to the other servers automatically (which will usually take some minutes).


Ubuntu 12.04 Problem with Internet connection, its very slow on LAN and WIFI

Solved, This was due to an application called jupiter which put the system into a power saving mode.

I then changed this option to full performance and it solved the problem.


Trying to installing dual boot ubuntu over the w10 machine , black screen

I am finally able to solve my problem. I have been suggesting the solution for those whose computer has 2 GPU. Make sure that you are using your discrete GPU while trying to install ubuntu.


Software to seamlessly edit multiple images

By Rawstudio you can easily edit jpeg files, too. But I am not sure, if you are able to install it to current Ubuntu releases.
https://rawstudio.org/


Not able to install anything and update on ubuntu 14.10

Ubuntu 14.10 is an obsolete version and if you want to use, update & install packages then you need to change its repository.

You can do this in following way:

Open Terminal & run:

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Replace url in.archive.ubuntu.com and security.ubuntu.com with old-releases.ubuntu.com

save and close it.

Now run sudo apt-get update
and after then install any packages you want to install.


I have a 1GB RAM 1 CPU Core VPS with Postfix + Dovecot + rspamd (it's an OVH VPS classic tier 1), and I don't even use 25% of the total amount of RAM I have.

Postfix is actually really lightweight. At the moment it's using less than 7 Megabytes of RAM total across all its processes.

For spam filtering, I'd recommend either spamassassin or rspamd. Rspamd is lighter IMHO, but it requires a little bit of tweaking to get it working right (it doesn't add extra mail headers by default - you have to configure it to do that so you can filter the messages with a sieve rule).

Spamassassin is great too, but I found it ate rather a lot of resources.

I've heard that ClamAV is rather resource heavy, but I've no personal experience there.

Roundcube is good, but you might also want to take a look at Rainloop, though it may be for personal use only.

DB integration isn't really needed for small installations I don't think. If you want to keep it lightweight you definitely want to avoid a DB like MySQL.

If you need a tutorial, Ars Technica has a great 4 part series on setting up your own mail server.


Every time I start Mythbuntu the xfce menu shows, I have to restart MythTV to get it full screen

For now, you can script this:
DISPLAY=:0 wmctrl -r "MythTV Frontend" -b add,fullscreen

that will overrride the fullscreen behavior.  Still not understood what the root cause is (https://bugs.launchpad.net/mythbuntu/+bug/1282868)


Some files not copied when moving an encrypted home to a different partition

OP found the answer in the other askubuntu link : How can i move an encrypted home directory to another partition?

  Using the second solution in the "how can I move..." link referred to in the original question solves the problem.


It means your file has extended permissions called ACLs.
You have to run getfacl <file> to see the full permissions.
See Access Control Lists for more details.
See What is the plus (+) sign in permission in Linux ? for more examples.
As per man page ls

If the file or directory has extended security information, the permissions field printed by the -l option is followed by a '+' character.
This generally means the file is encumbered with access restrictions outside of the traditional Unix permissions - likely Access Control List (ACL).


Suggestions on how this .bashrc backup script can be improved?

You can use the conditional 'OR' operator || and group your dependent commands inside curly braces so they're executed together, though each command must have a trailing ;:

alias isbashrcmodf='cmp -s "/home/user/experimental/bc/$(ls /home/user/experimental/bc -Art | tail -n 1)" "/home/user/.bashrc"'
alias bashrcbak='cp ~/.bashrc ~/.experimental/bc/.bashrc$(date +-%y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S-%s)'

isbashrcmodf || { bashrcbak ; echo ".bashrc backed, good to go."; }

A further improvement may be to use the 'AND' conditional operator && to only echo if the bashrcbak command is successful:

isbashrcmodf || { bashrcbak && echo ".bashrc backed, good to go."; }


Bitcoin Widget To Display Exchange Rate On Top Menu

I have the answer for you.
I am using coinprice-indicator.

You can dowload it from github here coinprice-indicator

After you have download and installed it, please follow the instructions in this question.

After all you will have an indicator applet who shows the BTC price.


This was caused by /dev/sdb not being recognised anymore by Linux. It worked again after reboot but I am not sure what might have caused this.

However, I had to boot the server from rescue mode since grub was not correctly installed before.

These were the commands I used in grub rescue mode for booting the server:

set root=(md/1)
set prefix=(md/2)/usr/lib/grub
insmod normal
normal
linux /vmlinuz-<kernel-version>-generic root=/dev/md2
initrd /initrd.img-<kernel-version>-generic
boot


Your second fstab mount expression is a mess. Hopefully it's all a typo. It also begs a lot of questions: (1) who is uid=1002 and gid=1001. ( 2) What permissions does /home/public/Documents have and does it allow whoever uid=1002 or gid=1001 write access. (3) Does pubuser have a samba password or are you trying to access the share with it's local login password?


I had the same problem. Namely, that  Ubuntu 12.04 would detect all other networks except the two networks that I have been connecting without any problem for the past 3 months.

To be precise, Ubuntu would not detect the wifi network automatically nor would it show the network when I clicked the wifi icon on the top right of the Ubuntu status bar.

Since I am a novice at linux/Ubuntu I searched through the Internet, with this questing being the most relative, without any quick solution.

I solved the issue by going to System settings >> Network >> Wireless >> unfolding the drop down menu Network Name (it did not indicate my network there as well) >> select the last option Other... >> then unfold the Connection drop down menu and you will find all the previous network connections you have made.

Another option is to click on the wifi icon on the main status bar, click on the Connect to hidden network and click on the drop down menu Connection where you should find the previous established connection.

It worked for me.


I am missing the

Options Indexes FollowSymLinks Includes ExecCGI

in your myapp.conf. As of Apache-2.4 mod_authz_host is used and Require  (example  Require all granted) should be used.

By the way... this:

  You don't have permission to access / on this server.

I remember from the apache as the default when using httpd.conf. Are you sure the sites-*/* are being used?


Ubuntu 14.04 live usb won't boot, seems incompatible with nouveau

Boot from the Ubuntu installation USB media you already have created.

Select (highlight) Try Ubuntu without installing and  press the E key.
Add the nouveau.modeset=0 parameter to the end of the linux line.
Then press the F10 key for booting into the Ubuntu Live desktop.

Now you can explore Ubuntu - when you decide to install Ubuntu, do the same when booting the system for the first time. After having installed the NVIDIA drivers, this is not necessary anymore.


Keyboard wont allow typing charecters fast

Please be sure you don't have accessibility features enabled.

There's a specific option for this.


You can easily relabel your flash drive or your NTFS partition using gparted-partition manager.

Install Gparted:

sudo apt-get install gparted

Goto System-->Administration-->Gparted

Change the storage device to your Flash drive.A window will open,right click the partition and choose label to rename it.

Note:
 The arrow points to your storage device.By default it shows your harddisk paritions.Click there to change your storage device to your flash drive.

Note:
Right click on it and choose label and enter your new label there..

You can also check this link


Make sure server can always boot and a hard drive is mounted before sharing with Samba

There are two options. If you don't have another shares with Samba, you can just start Samba when both are mounted and stop when both are unmounted, using upstart or systemd. With systemd you should need Requires= stanza and with upstart start on mounted /dev/something. The other way is removing samba from the startup scripts and starting up using your script. Those options depends on what you have done already.


The base Ubuntu desktop system does not contain a way to get shell access over the network by default. You have to install the openssh-server package to get that ability.


Will the custom battery settings set in Windows Power Manager hold when I dual boot with Ubuntu and use Ubuntu instead of Windows?

While this was already answered in a comment, I thought I'd me more specific. When using a dual boot, Ubuntu and Windows are entirely separate. Changing settings on one of them will not effect the other unless you modify the firmware of your computer in some way. This means that A. your computer will not stop charging at 60% and B. when Ubuntu says 100%, it means 100%. It is important to note, however, that as Ubuntu runs with many different combinations of hardware its never been tested on and tries to work with all of them, this cannot be guaranteed, and battery readings are sometimes inaccurate. Chances are, though, as long as Ubuntu gives a percentage at all and that percentage is not apparently broken (e.g. stuck at 100%) it is accurate.


how do you add a home button and tabs to custom written web browser in ubuntu

A home button is very simple, considering you already have the button and handler created through Glade:

# You'll probably have this laying around somewhere already
DEFAULT_URL = "http://www.ubuntu.com"

# class
    # init etc

    def on_home_clicked(self, widget):
        self.web_view.open(DEFAULT_URL)

Making your browser tabbed is a bit more work. You should created a GtkNotebook inside your window and pack each browserview into a seperate page.


How do I import a disk image into libvirt?

You're not really "supposed" to do it that way, since libvirt takes care of its own volume pools. Use:

size=$(stat -Lc%s centos.iso)
virsh vol-create-as default centos $size --format raw
virsh vol-upload --pool default centos centos.iso

This will create a virsh volume called centos in the default pool with the contents of centos.iso.

This way, libvirt takes care of all the required permissions and ownership itself.


Laptop with hybrid graphics. Problem with drivers

Hybrid graphics is a bad thing under Linux. Unfortunately there's not a good and easy solution to get 3D acceleration, but I can guide you to remove the Nvidia driver.

Boot Ubuntu while holding Shift to make sure GRUB fires up
Choose to enter in recovery mode, and when prompted, you should choose to boot in safe graphics mode
Now you can log in with a low resolution and remove the driver


How can I find the application and open it up?

On the desktop": the application you want is "archive manager". On our system all archive programs get attached to this programs and when an archiver/unarchiver is available "archive manager" recognizes it and lets you use it. Example images, "7z" selected from the drop down.

Command line you can use "7z" yourself manually too. man 7z will show a description and 7z --help the options.

$7z --help

7-Zip [64] 9.20  Copyright (c) 1999-2010 Igor Pavlov  2010-11-18
p7zip Version 9.20 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,2 CPUs)

Usage: 7z <command> [<switches>...] <archive_name> [<file_names>...]
       [<@listfiles...>]

<Commands>
  a: Add files to archive
  b: Benchmark
  d: Delete files from archive
  e: Extract files from archive (without using directory names)
  l: List contents of archive
  t: Test integrity of archive
  u: Update files to archive
  x: eXtract files with full paths


Changed behavior in wine application menus

XFCE4's Whisker menu by default has a setting under 'properties' called 'Show menu hierarchy'.

Setting that causes the Programs folder to reappear.

Otherwise by default XFCE4's Whisker menu does not support nested menus and will group all of Wine's start menu entries together in the same folder.

This behavior isn't present under XFCE4's normal menu.


start GUI interface from command line in snappy ubuntu

Now there is https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/snappy/guides/mir-snaps/ to package a single GUI application and bring it up on a snappy system.


Bash makes a difference between single quotes '...' and double quotes "...".

Single quotes cause the enclosed text to be taken literally while double quotes allow various interpretations of the string like variable expansion.

You must use double quotes if you have $x-like Bash variables in your string which you want to be expanded.

Additionally, directly name your function rendirs and do not use an alias to add a second name if the first one is not going to be used.

rendirs() {
    find . -depth -type d -not -name '.' -exec rename "s/$1/$2/" {} +
}


Switching between Kubuntu and Ubuntu without re-installation

To have both installed, you can install ubuntu-dekstop for Gnome-based ubuntu, and kubuntu-desktop for Kubuntu.

If you have both installed, you can configure the default display manager with

sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm    (or kdm)

Either way you can choose whether to use Gnome or KDE at the login screen.

To remove one, you can uninstall ubuntu-desktop or kubuntu-desktop, then run

sudo apt-get autoremove

Depending on any additional packages you installed, some dangling packages may remain.

If you have a separate home partition, you can just reinstall Ubuntu/Kubuntu, formatting your root partition, without touching anything in your home partition. This will give you a clean installation, except for some config files remaining in your home partition. Of course, still make sure you have a backup of your important data.


Ubuntu 14.04 privacy setting shows recent apps and files can be shown in dashboard and elsewhere. What here elsewhere means

Other programs on your computer can access and use this information, too, for example the "Activity Journal" (package gnome-activity-journal).

The data is not transferred to Canonical or anyone else but only stored locally on your computer.


How do I use grep to find all the zip files in a directory?

You should really use find instead.

find <dir> -iname \*.zip

Example: to search for all .zip files in current directory and all sub-directories try this:

find . -iname \*.zip

This will list all files ending with .zip regarding of case. If you only want the ones with lower-case change -iname to -name

The command grep searches for stings in files, not for files. You can use it with find to list all your .zip files like this

find . |grep -e "\.zip$"


I think there is a work around. I Installed Eclipse IDE for Java Developers, Version: Oxygen.3a Release (4.7.3a), Build id: 20180405-1200 from www.eclipse.org. Starting it from a console eclispe is giving me the warning

(Eclipse:8036): Gtk-WARNING **: 21:10:39.771: Negative content width -1 (allocation 1, extents 1x1) while allocating gadget (node trough, owner GtkProgressBar)

I'm getting also the error:

(Eclipse:8036): Gtk-CRITICAL **: 21:12:28.572: gtk_box_gadget_distribute: assertion 'size >= 0' failed in GtkScrollbar

This is a known bug in eclipse since 2018.

Eclispe Bug 530781

But other then that, everything seems to work sofar.


I noticed you have already fixed the issue by fixing the exec line. For future readers, let's summarize the issue and the fix.

Issue: Running a forking python from a bash script from Upstart job does not get tracked correctly.

Problem: expect fork or expect daemon does not fix the issue.

Solution: Fix the script. Options:

Switch from exec /usr/bin/my-bash-wrapper to directly calling python exec python /path/to/script (as demonstrated in comments above)
Fix the bash script. Having a bash script with example contents of

#!/bin/bash

python /path/to/script

has the issue of python getting executed separately from bash with a new process id. Thus it is ignored by Upstart as it is just a command parented by the Bash script. Adding expect daemon does not help as it is ignored in the first place.

Using bash script is possible the same way you fixed it in the Upstart script. Prefixing python call with exec makes the python run with same PID as the bash, which is tracked by Upstart. Then expect fork catches the fork() in the Python script, and Upstart is happily tracking the right process.

So, using a bash wrapper of:

#!/bin/bash

exec python /path/to/script

does the same thing.


Batch processing tif images? Converting .tif to .jpeg

Easy. Install imagemagick:
sudo apt-get install imagemagick

Its simplest usage is:
convert File.tif File.jpg

It is smart and goes by your file extension.
Now, for doing batch conversions, we shall use a loop.
cd into the directory where your tif files are.
then:
for f in *.tif; do  echo "Converting $f"; convert "$f"  "$(basename "$f" .tif).jpg"; done

Read also as:
for f in *.tif
do
    echo "Converting $f"
    convert "$f"  "$(basename "$f" .tif).jpg"
done

That should do it!
Also, once you convert all of the files and verify the new jpg's integrity, just run rm *.tif in that directory to delete all your old .tif files.  Be careful with asterisks though, don't add a space after the *, or you will delete all your files in the directory.
Tip: If you have a folder with subfolders that holds these images. You could use this for loop to find all .TIF files within that folder:
for f in $(find -name *.tif); do ...; done


Check whether this answer solves the problem. Me too was facing the same. Mine got fixed by

sudo iwconfig wlan0 power off

You can also update the driver as explained here, if it is required.


Can I upgrade my 32-bit version of Ubuntu to 64-bit Ubuntu?

There is no convenient way to upgrade from 32-bit to 64-bit Ubuntu. You have to reinstall.

If you don't need the 64-bit version for some special reason then I'd suggest that you save yourself the trouble for now; stick with the 32-bit version until you have some other reason to reinstall, e.g., you acquire a new computer.


What should I do about seeing the message "/boot/config-3.2.0-74-generic: No such file or directory"?

This is based on the log I kept of what I did so there are some wrong terns and wild guesses. However I think I solved it but not without the help of comments to the question and a lot of other questions and their answers.

As per the many updates to the question I was getting there slowly even though I had accidentally moved on from 14.04 LTS to 14.10 by foolish error. I had a broken UI (no unity and patchy compiz) which gave me a UI that was just FireFox and TTY1 (also 2 and 3 for top and keeping compiz running). Then I misunderstood an article I was reading and triggered a reboot. Now my broken UI was gone and I was in Root shell only.

This is how I fixed that.

Most of this was inspired by https://askubuntu.com/a/510830/145472 and would normally need a sudo before each command

So there I am in root. I mounted everything as read/write and started to get seriouse. I was using my ancient pile of poo Windows Laptop to access the web.

I tried dhclient eth0 a few times which would throw up errors but was not without success it seems. I did not note all the errors or exactly when they started to change.

I moved to /var/cache/apt/archives/ which would otherwise prefix before the *. The idea of the above answer was to basically push things along until they became unstuck.

dpkg -i *.deb
apt-get install -f

result: old problems gone but new problems added

dpkg --configure -a

result: problem list changed some more

dpkg -i *.deb

This was able to get further than last time so...

dpkg --configure -a

Which still reported a fair few dependency errors. This list of problem packages was bigger than ever. Off the screen big.

apt-get install -f

This was able to now use apt-get to get new packages so whatever else I had done I had some networking back so it was working. (As I mentioned)

Result: The list of problem packages was now much smaller. NVidia was no longer on the list of problem packages. So I tried:

dpkg --configure -a

Which got a little bt done. So I giggled it a bit further along with

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade

Then as per the answer in the link back to:

dpkg -i *.deb
dpkg --configure -a

At this point there didn't seem to be much more progress to be made so I rebooted... sort of. After nine hours (I went to bed) I gave up and pressed the reset button.

Result: GUI now loads but "Failed to Create Session" when I try and log in. Progress but no enough.

So I dropped to TTY1 and logged in that way.

Saw a few systemd-logind failed to start unit messages which seems to be a known bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/systemd-shim/+bug/1359439

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Did not manage much.

So I ran sudo apt-get autoremove as it suggested. This resulted in the removal of old packaes and the processing of triggers for things.

It was then that I realised that apt was not getting a connection and successfully ran sudo dhclient eth0 which meant that the problems that I had first seen were fixed so I was doing something right.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

2 new packages in archives.

sudo apt-get install --reinstall liblapack3

(that was the topmost package reporting an error)

However this gave me an error message.

  E: Internal Error, No file name for liblapack3:amd64

I have no idea what that means but I knew enough to know that something needed a good hard push.

sudo dpkg --force-depends -r liblapack3:amd64

This resulted in the most sublimely cynical and sarcastic messages I have ever seen as if my own PC was saying "WTF, you idiot. I hope you know what you doing". It was the funniest thing I have seen in a while (for me anyway).

I had hopped that sudo apt-get install --reinstall liblapack3 would clear the problem but, no. Nothing much was changed.

Noticing that most of the problems were waiting on python-numpy I tried

sudo dpkg --force-depends -r python-numpy
sudo apt-get install -f

This did not help

However dpkg -i *.deb gave some very telling error messages including some package conflicts that scrolled rapidly by.

sudo apt-get -o Debug::pkgProblemResolver=yes dist-upgrade

(suggested by another) seemed to fix stuff but not so much... However it was probably helpful, maybe, perhaps. Actually I have no idea if I was just doing nothing with style...

dpkg -i *.deb
dpkg --configure -a

Made the error list... different. Some new in, some old out.

sudo apt-get -o Debug::pkgProblemResolver=yes install python-numpy

Not sure that helped

Then I started to wonder about errors I was missing. I remember that there was a way to get your output redirected into a file and not remembering how I had to use a search engine again and found this:
http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-software-2/bash-how-to-redirect-output-to-file-and-still-have-it-on-screen-412611/
This led me to see error messages that I was missing. PRobably ones I could have done with seeing before I made everything much worse by my clumsy actions.

  update-alternatives: error: alternative liblapack.so.3gf can't be a slave of liblapack.so.3: it is a master alternative

This is, apparently, known bug: https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=660607

Googling I found this blog post: https://aweirdimagination.net/2015/03/27/fixing-broken-alternatives/
It recommended:

sudo update-alternatives --remove-all liblapack.so.3gf
sudo apt-get install -f

problems solved.

dpkg -i *.deb
dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

to double check. All happy. No errors.

sudo reboot

This time rebooting worked and all the errors I was seeing are gone away. There was probably a far less painful way for me to have done this.


Music player with a few specific requirements

Quodlibet whittles down results by search term, and when the order is set to One Song, it plays one song and stops. It's pretty simple on the surface, but it's got a bunch of plugins to extend its capabilities.


Oddly enough, I found plugging the trackball into a different USB port fixed the problem.


If you use

echo "$(cat input.txt)"

it will work correctly.

Probably the input of echo is separated by newlines, and it will handle it as separate commands, so the result will be without newlines.


Probably either the initramfs didn't include a raid hook.Assuming it happens after the grub menu.But why don't you use btrfs built-in raid1?


Unable to activate Bluetooth in Ubuntu 17.10 (used to work flawlessly)

As loge as it's not your hardware problem an upgrade will fix it (probably) so consider upgrading to latest stable release.

Note:
before you do so make bootable device and check if it's not your hardware problem by running a live Ubuntu OS. if Bluetooth works in live mode consider upgrading to latest LTS release
it will fix the issue. last time i had the issue i done the something it worked for me.


How to setup a local mirror that only downlooad package on demand

I think perhaps you could make use of something like apt-cacher-ng this is a caching apt proxy rather than a mirror as such meaning that it will offer the complete repository not only those packages it has locally but requested packages will only be retrieved once and then cached, the same goes for the package lists etc which are cached so long as they are still current.

It does also include configuration options to pre cache certain individual packages or even branches of the package tree using wildcards even before they are requested by clients this might potentially offer the best of both worlds allowing the local resources to be used where possible but still providing fallback to the remote repository if needed.

This is the manual for it might be worth a look to see if it could suit your needs or not.
https://www.unix-ag.uni-kl.de/~bloch/acng/html/

Edit: It occurred to me after writing this that even if you were to actually create a custom repository and maintain it yourself the clients would still look to download packages not found in that repository from the main ubuntu repos if they had a copy of a recent package listing for them unless they were disabled completely so it may just simply be easier to use apt-cacher-ng if you are careful to make sure you include everything your clients will need it should work well.


There is an extension in Firefox called WebODF.

  Viewer for OpenDocument Format office files. It can display documents
  saved from LibreOffice, OpenOffice, Calligra, Abiword, Microsoft Word,
  Excel, PowerPoint. The documents should be saved in the OpenDocument
  Format.

Another Solution

I think you are talking about the package called browser-plugin-libreoffice

It's still available for Ubuntu 15.04 :https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/vivid/+package/browser-plugin-libreoffice

Install it and allow the display of LibreOffice documents via a web-browser:

From any LibreOffice application (Writer,calc..), click on Tools >
Options.
Go to Internet > Browser Plug-in.
In the right pane, check "Display documents in browser".
Click on OK to validate.

https://help.libreoffice.org/Common/Browser_Plug-in


I believe you got /dev/gpib0 on the first time after reboot, the next reconnection is on /dev/gpib1 and each time you reconnect it get incremented like in USB storage.

On your first connection, you got:

E: DEVNAME=/dev/gpib0
E: DEVPATH=/devices/virtual/gpib_common/gpib0

On second one, I expect:

E: DEVNAME=/dev/gpib1
E: DEVPATH=/devices/virtual/gpib_common/gpib1

So that rule never run on any reconnection, As ENV{DEVPATH} in the rule fixed at 0. Another point, in your case DEVNAME & DEVPATH are very related (if I can't say: they are the same), so ENV{DEVPATH} does not add any thing to the rule. Try: ls -l /dev/gpib*, you should find a symlink:

/dev/gpibX -> /sys/devices/virtual/gpib_common/gpibX

So keep you rules simple:

KERNEL=="gpib[0-9]*", RUN+="/usr/sbin/gpib_config --minor 0"

BTW, this rule is run multiple times, at least it is run twice (2): On device connection & on device disconnection. I'm not familiar with hardware, if you need it that command only when device get connected add ACTION to the rule:

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="gpib[0-9]*", RUN+="/usr/sbin/gpib_config --minor 0"


How to change default application if it is missing in "other applications list"?

From what I've read here:

Create an texstudio.desktop file in ~/.local/share/applications/ with the following content:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=TexStudio
Comment=Edit TEX files
Exec=texstudio %f
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=texstudio
Categories=TextEditor;
StartupNotify=true
MimeType=text/x-text;

On file browser, you can right click a .tex file for the context menu and choose Open With -> Other Application. Click on Show other applications and you should see this dialog with this:

You may have to change the Exec line, I am not sure if that would be the right application name.


What package does the system menu reside in?

That's The Session Menu, package indicator-session


Before you start, connect your computer to an Ethernet cable so that you can access the Internet.

In GRUB, go to "Advanced Options for Ubuntu."
You will find a few options there. At least one of these options will be marked (recovery mode.) Go to it, and press enter.

If you get an image on your screen that looks purple with white streaks going across it, and nothing has happened in over a minute, than your computer has decided that it is going to do nothing. You have to force your computer off and try again.

When you get through all of the rushing command line deal, you will get to a menu. The first button on this menu is "Resume." Press it.

You may have to wait up to a minute to log in, but you will have a desktop environment, although it may be sluggish and sometimes be unresponsive.

After you log in, go to the menu and search for "Software Sources." A button saying Software Sources will pop up. Press it. It will take a few moments for the window to appear, but when it does, you will see a tab on the top of the window that says "Additional Drivers." Click on it.

In this window, you will see a few devices, up to and including your graphics card and your wi-fi receiver. Start with your graphics card. Download a proprietary driver for your graphics by pressing the one you want, pressing the apply button, entering your password and waiting for the driver to download. When the download is complete, you may as well get the wi-fi driver for your netbook. Click on the driver you want, apply, password, wait.

When you finish downloading your drivers, restart. You should be able to log into "Ubuntu" in GRUB without any problems now.


Creating an Ubuntu live USB for use with Gparted

I would suggest creating a liveusb/livecd to partition your harddrive. Acer recently sent my sister's computer with a 70 gig partition for her personal files to go into??? We had to boot into Ubuntu to add it to her windows partition becuase we only had 2 megs free. I don't think it would be very safe to partition the drive while you're using it though and be sure to backup all your personal data using Ubuntu and Microsoft's only data clouds (or another harddrive) as there's always that chance.

Also, did you install it using Wubi?


20.04 Natural scrolling not persisting between sessions

edit:
I just found a better solution / workaround to my original answer:
Add Option "NaturalScrolling" "on" to /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/40-libinput.conf
In context:
Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "libinput pointer catchall"
        MatchIsPointer "on"
        MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
        Option "NaturalScrolling" "on"
        Driver "libinput"
EndSection

Then restart the X session (i.e.: log out or restart)


"network DISABLED" on new installation on Toshiba Satellite laptop

Fixed this myself. Unfortunately I forgot basic troubleshooting steps and forgot to physically turn on the wifi switch on the front of the laptop. Once I turned this on the problem was fixed.


Try an upstart job instead of system-sleep script. For instance: https://askubuntu.com/a/704899/117018


How to see object code generated by g++?

Check out the binutils package.

In it you'll find objdump - display information from object files.

Then try running objdump -d xyz.o.


kde 5 plasma printer configuration module not found

There is no printer module yet in Plasma 5.

You can use the built-in web cups configuration. Just point a browser to http://localhost:631


How can I rename an NFS share as seen in Dolphin?

Simply unmmount it

sudo umount /mnt/nfs/nfs_root+ip_name

and remount again with the name you want:

sudo mount 192.168.1.42:/nfs_folder /home/user/MY_WANTED_NAME

If you want to do it automatically (at system startup) add following lines to
/etc/fstab file:

192.168.1.42:/nfs_folder /home/user/my_fav_name nfs rw,hard,intr 0 0

But in this case your mounting point (directory home/user/my_wanted_name) should already be created at the moment of startup.


Cannot Delete Files in user file handler open in directory?

does the delete folder fail

No. Deleting is the removal of the link from the directory above + removal of the link to ".." and to ".". The directory itself remains if there are process active, or it is a current working directory.

Whenever you try to do something in that directory you will get an error notice. ls, rm, cd will all fail if done to something inside that, now deleted, location.


Problems with dpkg -i and brackets on 15.04

libgcrypt11 is a requirement for that package.  Unfortunately it doesn't exist in Vivid and was dropped.  It was replaced by a more updated libgcrypt - libgcrypt20.

Inform the upstream where you got the .deb from that they should test against libgcrypt20 and if it still works they need to specify that as the dependency instead of libgcrypt11.  If it won't work with that newer package then the software won't work at all.

Ultimately the people producing the .deb have to fix this - there's nothing you can really do to fix this yourself.


What does it mean to install loader to sdaX?

First, your question is about BIOS-mode booting. This is on the way out. It's still relevant for many computers, but we're in a transitional period during which it's imperative that one not make assumptions about the boot mode. The up-and-coming boot method uses the Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) or its version-2.x variant, Unified EFI (UEFI).

Second, the BIOS boot loader should really limit itself to the first 440 bytes of the MBR, not the first 446 bytes. Those extra six bytes are used as a serial number for the disk. Although I've heard some BIOS-mode boot loaders spread into that area, doing so is a bit dangerous, and you shouldn't try overwriting that area yourself (say, with dd to erase an unwanted boot loader), since some tools may rely on the serial number remaining unchanged.

Third, /dev/sda1 does not normally begin on the second sector of the disk (although it could). Most partitioning tools today assign sector 2048 as the first sector of the first partition (which might or might not be /dev/sda1). In the past, sector 63 was used for this purpose, but the standard has shifted to 2048 because of changes in hard disk technology. The space between the MBR and the first sector allocated to a partition is officially unallocated/unused, but in reality it may be used....

Finally, when you install GRUB to the MBR (/dev/sda, /dev/sdb, or whatever), its code actually goes in several places, including the MBR, the officially-unallocated space between the MBR and the first allocated sector, and files in /boot/grub (assuming an Ubuntu installation). When you install GRUB to the Partition Boot Record (PBR) of a partition (/dev/sda1, /dev/sdb3, or whatever), some of those locations change, and GRUB must then be launched by another boot loader that resides in the MBR. In the past, this type of configuration was common so as to leave the DOS/Windows boot loader in the MBR and manage the earliest stages of the boot process in the traditional DOS manner of setting a "boot flag" on the partition you want to boot. GRUB 2, however, prefers being installed to the MBR, so this is the most common way to do it today (on BIOS-based computers).

As noted earlier, none of this applies to EFI-mode booting, which is the more common way of booting newer computers. (Since Windows 8, most new computers have shipped configured to boot in EFI mode.) With EFI, boot loaders are ordinary files on the EFI System Partition (ESP). Boot code does not go in the MBR, in the PBR, or in unallocated space before your partitions. Information on what file to use as a boot loader goes in the computer's NVRAM, which can be manipulated (in Linux) with the efibootmgr utility.


Why do I have bad font anti-aliasing (colored halos) in Kubuntu 18.04?

I can't see it on my screen, so it's probably something to do with the subpixel arrangement in your monitor and Kubuntu thinking you have a different one than you have.

For KDE, the linked page recommends:

  [Go to] Control center > Display > Theme > Fonts > Configure anti-aliasing. Select the hinting level (slight or medium recommended) and the subpixel order (RGB, BGR, etc.).

Record the original settings somewhere and then you can try all the combinations to see if one helps.


When to report errors during beta testing

Report bugs right away because that's what beta releases are for. If nobody reports the bugs in a beta release then they'll never get fixed, and these bugs may eventually be passed on unreported to a supported release and in the case of Ubuntu 18.04 to a supported LTS release. Because of this Ubuntu waits until the first point release of a new LTS before it tells users of the old one about it in order to upgrade to the new LTS release.


How to watch videos that have 1080p, using x264 video codec and AC3 for audio?

If you have an Nvidia card, make sure you're using VDPAU off-loading. In mplayer, this is done with the -vc argument:

mplayer -vc ffh264vdpau -fs /path/to/your/file

Without VDPAU, you'll need a lot more CPU horsepower to play the stream smoothly. For example, a E4500  @ 2.20GHz cannot keep up with heavily encoded x264 1080p streams without VDPAU. An Intel video card on a 2GHz system isn't going to work, I don't think. :(


Bluetooth speaker playback in ubuntu but not windows 8.1

I came across some configurations that may help using an application called TLP. TLP is a power saving application.

There is a slight possibility that the bluetooth device is left in a disabled state when you power down Ubuntu. If this is the case, the device may be disabled when you boot windows.

Now, before you proceed, TLP conflicts with laptop-mode-tools and you will need to uninstall laptop-mode-tools if laptop-mode-tools is currently installed so run the following command:

sudo apt-get purge laptop-mode-tools

Also, you will need to add a ppa to install TLP in 14.04 (it is available through the Universe repository in newer versions of ubuntu for future reference).

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linrunner/tlp

Now, install TLP by running the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install tlp

Now, edit the configuration by running the following command:

sed -i 's/BAT=1/BAT=0/g;s/BAT=2/BAT=0/g;s/BAT=60/BAT=15/g;s/BAT=powersave/BAT=performance/g;s/128 128/254 254/g;s/BAT=min_power/BAT=max_performance/g;s/BAT=low/BAT=high/g;s/BAT=5/BAT=1/g;s/PM_ON_BAT=auto/PM_ON_BAT=on/g;s/PM_ALL=1/PM_ALL=0/g;s/AUTOSUSPEND=1/AUTOSUSPEND=0/g;s/.DEVICES_TO_ENABLE_ON_SHUTDOWN="wwan"/DEVICES_TO_ENABLE_ON_SHUTDOWN="bluetooth wifi"/g' /etc/default/tlp

Of particular importance here is the option DEVICES_TO_ENABLE_ON_SHUTDOWN="bluetooth wifi"; this option is supposed to "prevent other operating systems from missing radios" which may be the problem you are experiencing.

Now, start up TLP using the following command and after doing so, TLP will automatically startup when you boot your computer:

sudo service tlp start

You may want to change some of the parameters in the configuration file to your own liking.

If you want to adjust the TLP configuration, run the following command to edit the config file:

sudo nano /etc/default/tlp

When you are done editing the file, press CTRL + o and then press ENTER to save the file. Press CTRL + x to exit nano.

Then, restart TLP to apply any changes you have made:

sudo service TLP restart

Click here for more info about TLP.

Please post any errors.


I seemed to have deleted my kernel pae headers how do I recover?

Boot with your live USB, open a terminal and type:

sudo chroot <the_path_where_your_filesystem_is>
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get check

If no errors are provided, try:

sudo apt-get install linux-generic

Then restart your system without the live USB.


Ubuntu 20.04 linux-kvm kernel with nvidia modules?

See response to @ob2's comment which pointed me in the right direction. Anyone having a similar problem should:

Check that you have the correct kernel modules loaded with sudo kvm-ok
Ensure all virtualisation options are enabled in the motherboard's BIOS (in my case I needed a BIOS update to fix issues before I could enable it)
Avoid installing the linux-kvm kernel as it's not needed to run KVM VMs on a desktop install.


Run service in its own ip netns namespace on Ubuntu 16.04

Recently found in man systemd.exec(5)

PrivateNetwork=
           Takes a boolean argument. If true, sets up a new network namespace for the executed processes and configures only the loopback network device
           "lo" inside it. No other network devices will be available to the executed process. This is useful to turn off network access by the executed
           process. Defaults to false. It is possible to run two or more units within the same private network namespace by using the JoinsNamespaceOf=
           directive, see systemd.unit(5) for details. Note that this option will disconnect all socket families from the host, this includes AF_NETLINK
           and AF_UNIX. The latter has the effect that AF_UNIX sockets in the abstract socket namespace will become unavailable to the processes
           (however, those located in the file system will continue to be accessible).


Acer TimelineX 5830TG internal microphone not working

The solution for me, was to install "pavucontrol", Pulse Audio Volume Control.

sudo apt-get install pavucontrol

After installation, go to Input Devices, and press the Lock icon that locks channel level together. Then, I set Right to 50% and left to 25%, which in my case gave me a very clear sound. I tested it with my desktop PC in Skype and Hangouts.

The problem is called "Inverted mic", and seems that having 2 channels at the same level makes them cancel out each other [Need quote here lol]

I also disabled the recording option called "Monitor", but this wasn't required.

There is another tab, which shows programs currently USING the recording device, you may have to edit settings there too if the first step doesn't work good.

Another thing I noticed is that Google Hangouts was modifying the settings, so I had to modify its settings:

cd ~/.config/google-googletalkplugin    # get to google chat's directory
cp -p options options.bak        # make a backup before changing stuff !
gedit options                # edit the config file

now change one of the lines so that it reads as follows:

audio-flags=1

Source for the Hangouts Problem: https://productforums.google.com/forum/#!topic/gmail/n1cpJq1mC8U


Can you *simulate* an upgrade from one Ubuntu version to the next?

do-release-upgrade will carry out a release upgrade but do-release-upgrade doesn't have a dry run option. But, it does have a --sandbox option.

From the point of running in --sandbox mode, any changes made to your system will actually be written to a ramdisk, and reset upon reboot via the magic os Aufs. This lets you test your machine thoroughly in a fully functioning state, without risking breaking it.

From the original mailing list;

  "The idea...was to create a writable overlay into /tmp on top the systemdirs in "/" and then run the release upgrade. This way we can test easily if the system would upgrade cleanly (if no dpkg errors/maintainer script failures happen). All writes go into /tmp so after the upgrade and on the next reboot the system is back to its pre-upgraded state again (modulo /home, that is not overlayed)."

For more information on this refer to the original mailing list or this post.

For dist-upgrades, you can use the --dry-run with sudo apt-get dist-upgrade to simulate running this command without actually performing the upgrade.

   -s, --simulate, --just-print, --dry-run, --recon, --no-act
       No action; perform a simulation of events that would occur but do not actually change the
       system. Configuration Item: APT::Get::Simulate.

       Simulate prints out a series of lines each one representing a dpkg operation, Configure (Conf),
       Remove (Remv), Unpack (Inst). Square brackets indicate broken packages with and empty set of
       square brackets meaning breaks that are of no consequence (rare).

   -u, --show-upgraded
       Show upgraded packages; Print out a list of all packages that are to be upgraded. Configuration
       Item: APT::Get::Show-Upgraded.


WiFi, Network and Bluetooth not work in Xubuntu for Hp Notebook

Disable Secure Boot in BIOS.

The rtl8723de and 8723de can't load.

There maybe a problem with having both modules, but start with that.


It looks like a permission issue.

Check permission of directory in which you are trying to create folder

ls -la /path/to/dir

See the permissions and owner of the directory if owner is not current user you can change ownership recursively by

sudo chown -R user /path/to/dir/


In which file manager root privilege is available in KUbuntu 18.04.1 LTS?

Install Krusader using sudo apt install krusader. It's a "Twin-Panel File Manager by KDE" and it's in the repos.

As far as Dolphin regaining the root feature, you'll probably have to wait until Kubuntu 20.04 if you want an LTS version of Kubuntu.

Two simpler graphical file managers with relatively few dependencies are Thunar and PCManFM. You can check out what additional dependencies they will install on your system with apt install -s thunar or apt install -s pcmanfm. The -s means you're only running a simulation: that's why there's no need for sudo. (Even though a qt version of PCManFM is available, I'd avoid that because it brings in far more dependencies.)
Once you've installed either of them, open a terminal and run sudo -H thunar or sudo -H pcmanfm to open them in root mode.
Thunar has a nice cautionary banner whereas PCManFM has a relatively unobtrusive !, which I've marked with a red outline, as a caution:
Thunar as root

PCManFM as root


Change this line in your test2/test2.pro

desktop_file.files = $$OUT_PWD/test2.desktop

to

desktop_file.files = test2.desktop

I still got some errors, but deploying works for me now. I am no qmake expert, but I think it looked for the file in the wrong directory.


Problem requiring different versions of libgmp-dev

rmadison command shows that the libgmp10 version that I have install is from bionic and not from artful.

$ rmadison libgmp10
 libgmp10 | 2:5.0.2+dfsg-2ubuntu1 | precise | amd64, armel, armhf, i386, powerpc
 libgmp10 | 2:5.1.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1 | trusty  | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el
 libgmp10 | 2:6.1.0+dfsg-2        | xenial  | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, powerpc, ppc64el, s390x
 libgmp10 | 2:6.1.2+dfsg-1        | artful  | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, ppc64el, s390x
 libgmp10 | 2:6.1.2+dfsg-2        | bionic  | amd64, arm64, armhf, i386, ppc64el, s390x

Solution

Install the specific version used by artful, that is sudo apt-get install libgmp10=2:6.1.2+dfsg-1:

sudo apt-get install libgmp10=2:6.1.2+dfsg-1
...
The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:
  libgmp10
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 downgraded, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 240 kB of archives.
After this operation, 4.096 B disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [S/n] S
Get:1 http://uy.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/main amd64 libgmp10 amd64 2:6.1.2+dfsg-1 [240 kB]
Fetched 240 kB in 1s (290 kB/s)
dpkg: warning: downgrading libgmp10:amd64 from 2:6.1.2+dfsg-2 to 2:6.1.2+dfsg-1
...
Preparing to unpack .../libgmp10_2%3a6.1.2+dfsg-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgmp10:amd64 (2:6.1.2+dfsg-1) over (2:6.1.2+dfsg-2) ...
Setting up libgmp10:amd64 (2:6.1.2+dfsg-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2.1) ...


"Updated to 16.04.2" and "installed 16.04.2" do not render the same result. The HWE packs for the Kernel and X aren't automatically installed onto existing non-point-release installs of Ubuntu.

For the main reason that it'd really annoy a whole load of people who have a stable system one day and then have to battle a new kernel. That's why the .0 kernel gets a full five year support.

You can opt-in to install the HWE packs (and have been able to for a little while) with:

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends xserver-xorg-hwe-16.04

There is an important point to make here that starting from 16.04.2, point releases will be on rolling HWE stacks. You will automatically be shunted onto newer major versions of X and the Kernel.

This is a really important thing to note if you're deploying Ubuntu in low-maintenance situations. You don't want to climb a 50-foot ladder to get to your digital signage controller because a dodgy kernel update caught you off guard.


Kubuntu 18.10 libqt5core5a update issues

You should remove broken "downladed" package with

sudo rm /var/cache/apt/archives/libqt5core5a_5.11.1+dfsg-7ubuntu3_amd64.deb

or remove all downloaded packages with

sudo apt-get clean

and then resume upgrade process

sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get upgrade


Disabling autoscaling when the text inside gets bigger than the object in Dia (diagrams editor)?

I think the answer is no. You'll have to keep pressing Enter.


When will the Ubuntu 16.10 for ARM be released?

Ubuntu 16.10 has been released. Packages that build for armhf and arm64 are also in the archive. There are however, no generic images that can be installed on any ARM device. In order to install on an ARM device, custom images specific to a device must be built, in order to boot properly.

There is an arm64 server ISO and Raspberry Pi 2 image available, however.


I really can't imagine why you want to do this, you are exposing your hardware and software to a big threat that you can control at runtime if you compile a new kernel as you would.

However, instead of naming all the options, make things smarter and run a

make xconfig

in the root folder where the source of the kernel is, this will make a window shows up where you can set all the options for your .config file. Go in

Edit > Find

and search for highmem, this options are not strictly related to the NX bit but with memory management in general and with the PAE feature, usually the developers are just interested in setting HIGHMEM64G to y to get a kernel that is PAE enabled.

Talking about an "NX bit only" feature, there is the symbol DEBUG_NX_TEST.

Also, you have to play with your bootloader, for example https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=39044 .

My advice is, play with highmem options as much as you want, but just consider options like the NX bit off limits, because you can loose the control of your machine in less than a fraction of second and you can't control memory mapping in realtime, you are not a machine.


How do I make a Java JAR file executable in Linux Mint?

To add executable bit to a file, use this construction:

chmod +x /path/to/file

The command for your jar file is

chmod +x /home/heart/Phantombot/PhantomBot-2.4.1/PhantomBot.jar

if you'are owner of the file.

If you aren't owner of the file, use leading sudo:

sudo chmod +x /home/heart/Phantombot/PhantomBot-2.4.1/PhantomBot.jar


How obtain error message when exporting data from LibreOffice Base to Calc and freezing occurs?

Try running libreoffice from a terminal. See Help for various command line options


Disable ubuntu 18.04 printer discovery and printing over wireless network

Set directive BrowseProtocols, this directive apply to both BrowseRemoteProtocols and BrowseLocalProtocols.

Edit /etc/cups/cups-browsed.conf and set BrowseProtocols to:

BrowseProtocols none

Then restart cups-browsed service:

sudo service cups-browsed restart


I want toreturn to gnome 3.4 from gnome 3.6 in ubuntu 12.04

If you added a ppa to install gnome 3.6 it is easy to revert back.

Install ppa-purge: sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
Run sudo ppa-purge ppa:your_ppa_address_here

Whatever was upgraded through the ppa will be reverted back to the original version.


Nautilus so slow, if there are so many files/folder in an opened directory

It is a well known old issue (at least since 2011). You can see the launchpad bug report:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nautilus/+bug/869793

And the related upstream nautilus bug:

https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/nautilus/-/issues/978

The solution has historically been to install Thunar or any other file manager.
Although some issues remain (right click, properties takes ages), in the last few years the situation has improved a lot.
There are still some issues if you use insync (https://forums.insynchq.com/t/insync-nautilus-makes-opening-folders-with-many-files-very-slow/17268).


Error starting netflix-desktop Ubuntu 13.04

I had the same problem and, in my case, it happened because root was the owner of .wine-browser directory:

$ ls -lhd /home/username/.wine-browser/
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4,0K Jul  4 23:08 /home/username/.wine-browser/

I solved the problem by opening a terminal as root and change the user/group of Wine directory:

$ sudo su
# cd /home/username
# chown -R username.usergroup .wine-browser/`

  where username.usergroup is your user "login/group".

After that, I opened the netflix-desktop and it works fine.


Try:

xfce4-mixer

In there the "settings" are in choosing the Sound card and the Controls. If you don't do either you may indeed end up with an empty-looking up.

Does this work for you?


app's installation process yell that I don't have enough disk space, but I do

Well, it seems you are installing Cyclone II libs/addon on different path than Quartus one. You should set it to the same path as Quartus .

Move that Cyclone II downloaded package to /opt/altera9.1sp2/quartus
Then open the terminal in the same folder /opt/altera9.1sp2/quartus
Run the installation from there

user@machine:/opt/altera9.1sp2/quartus$ sudo ./install


Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS Bluetooth Headset No Microphone

From the Corsair site *Our headsets are not supported on Linux. The only headsets we manufacture that would work would be ones with 3.5mm headphone jacks but that still relies on your onboard audio or audio card supporting Linux.
https://forum.corsair.com/v3/showthread.php?t=190903#:~:text=Our%20headsets%20are%20not%20supported,or%20audio%20card%20supporting%20Linux.
Looks like this is not going to happen with these.


How can I upload songs into Google Music on Ubuntu?

Google Music Manager is now (and has been for a while) officially available for Ubuntu (32&64 bit .deb packages as well as Fedora/SUSE).

Download the package which then installs the repository for you from here

https://play.google.com/music/listen#manager_pl


How to install Steam on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (I've never used linux before)

Open Terminal by Pressing Ctrl+Alt+T and the copy paste the following commands :

First Run the following command to uninstall steam :

sudo apt-get purge steam-launcher && sudo apt-get autoremove

Then install Steam by Using the following command :

sudo apt install steam

Then Launch Steam and it should work fine.


Wireless Adapter Vanished after Update in 19.10, Lenovo Xiaoxin 15

I was able to restore my Wi-Fi by loading with previous kernel and removing the newest one.

ThinkPad No Wi-Fi adapter found

Numbers can be different


Can't format my usb drive. I have already tried with mkdosfs and gparted

Analysis of the problem

Memory cards and USB pendrives have the same kind of hardware inside, so the same methods are relevant to both kinds of devices. The term 'drive' can refer to a USB pendrive as well as a memory card (and the memory card can be connected via a USB adapter or a built-in slot in the computer).

Confusion: There is some data in the drive, that makes the partitioning tool confused, to think that the drive does not work. In this case you can simply 'wipe' part of the drive (overwrite with zeros). It is usually enough to wipe the first megabyte, the megabyte at the head end of the drive.
The drive is read-only: I do not mean that there is a read-only file system, but that the drive is readable but not writable (like a CDROM or DVD). This might be caused by some help system or competing system, so it is worthwhile to try according to this list,

On some pendrives and on many memory cards there is a small mechanical switch for write protection, that can toggle between read/write and read-only. You might have set it read-only without intention.
Reboot the computer and try again to restore or wipe the first megabyte with mkusb.
Disconnect other USB devices. Sometimes USB devices can disturb the function for each other.
Try other USB ports, and/or other card adapters.
Try another computer.
Try another operating system (Windows, MacOS) in another computer.
If you still cannot wipe the first megabyte of the drive, and the drive is read-only, it is probably 'gridlocked', and the next stage is that it will be completely 'bricked'. There is a limit, when you have to accept that the pendrive is damaged beyond repair, at least with tools available to normal users like you and me. See this link: Pendrive lifetime

The drive cannot be found: In order to use the tools for repair and partitioning, that are available to normal users like you and me, the drive must be recognized by the computer's system and listed for example by the command line tool lsusb or lspci. You get more details with the verbose option

lsusb -v

The drive must also be recognized as a mass storage device for example by the command line tool lsblk. The two command lines

sudo lsblk -f
sudo lsblk -m

should list the drive in a way, so that you can identify it. The following command line is even better, because it lists also the model (which typically includes the brand name and/or model of a pendrive or a card adapter).

sudo lsblk -o model,name,size,fstype,label,mountpoint

(You can copy and paste from here to a terminal window in order to avoid typing errors.)

Looking at a persistent live drive /dev/sdd and a cloned live-only drive /dev/sde can produce the following output,

MODEL            NAME     SIZE FSTYPE  LABEL                     MOUNTPOINT
...
Extreme          sdd     14,6G
                 ├─sdd1   4,5G ntfs    usbdata                   /media/sudodus/usbdata
                 ├─sdd2     1M
                 ├─sdd3   244M vfat    usbboot
                 ├─sdd4   874M iso9660 Lubuntu 16.04.1 LTS amd64 /media/sudodus/Lubuntu 16.04.1 LTS amd64
                 └─sdd5   9,1G ext4    casper-rw                 /media/sudodus/casper-rw
Transcend 4GB    sde      3,8G iso9660 Lubuntu 16.04.1 LTS i386
                 └─sde1   858M iso9660 Lubuntu 16.04.1 LTS i386
...

A memory card plugged into an internal slot may be recognized as /dev/mmcblk0 as illustrated by the following example, where an Intel NUC is booted from a microSD card in an adapter in the SD card slot,

MODEL            NAME          SIZE FSTYPE LABEL MOUNTPOINT
                 mmcblk0      29.7G
                 ├─mmcblk0p1   300M vfat   EFI   /boot/efi
                 ├─mmcblk0p2     1M
                 ├─mmcblk0p3   6.5G ext4   root  /
                 └─mmcblk0p4   512M swap         [SWAP]

In this case, no model name is listed. You can probably be convinced, that you are 'looking at' the card anyway, but there are other tools, that can help you identify the card, parted and lspci,

sudo parted -ls
Model: SD SP32G (sd/mmc)
Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 31.9GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start   End     Size    File system     Name  Flags
 1      1049kB  316MB   315MB   fat32                 boot, esp
 2      316MB   317MB   1049kB                        bios_grub
 3      317MB   7262MB  6946MB  ext2            root
 4      7262MB  7799MB  537MB   linux-swap(v1)

lspci
...
00:1e.6 SD Host controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP Secure Digital IO Controller (rev 21)
...

Try according to the list in the previous paragraph, 'The drive is read-only: "On some pendrives ..."', if the drive is not found.
If the drive is found and recognized as a mass storage device, there is hope that you will succeed according to the next chapter.

Let us hope that there is 'only' confusion

Try to restore the drive to a standard storage device

Install and use mkusb (mkusb-dus), which can format alias restore a drive to a standard storage device (with an MSDOS partition table and a partition with the FAT32 file system). These instructions are relevant for many kinds of drives (USB pendrives, memory cards, hard disk drives, HDD, solid state drives, SSD), but probably most often used for USB pendrives and memory cards.

If you run standard Ubuntu, you may need an extra instruction to get the repository Universe. (Kubuntu, Lubuntu ... Xubuntu have the repository Universe activated automatically.)

sudo add-apt-repository universe  # only for standard Ubuntu

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mkusb/ppa  # and press Enter
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mkusb mkusb-nox usb-pack-efi

See these links with more detailed instructions,

mkUSB-quick-start-manual.pdf or if the link does not work, this alternate link
help.ubuntu.com/community/mkusb

mkusb version 12 alias mkusb-dus:

mkusb wipes the first megabyte as a first step of restoring it

Sometimes some data are 'tricking' the software to think that the drive does not work, even when it is good, and it is enough to wipe the first megabyte to get rid of those data. You may 'look at' the drive with a tool, that does not recognize or understand correctly the structure of the partition table or a system, for example

if it was cloned from an iso file, or
if there are traces from a RAID configuration on the drive.

So you can

let mkusb restore the drive to a standard storage device (a convenient standard solution), or
let mkusb wipe the first megabyte and after that use another tool, if you want another partition table and/or other file systems. gparted is a good tool, if you are running a graphical user interface (window manager or desktop environment).

What to do if mkusb fails

If mkusb fails, the drive is either not found by the system or read-only. In this case you should try according to the list in the paragraph 'The drive is read-only' (above).


What's the best way to add native-looking links to my NTFS data partition?

I think I figured out what is the best way.
Firstly I used tweak tool. Tweak tool used xdg thing. I just don't like it so much. Then I used symbolic links for all of my old directories from /home/can to /media/DataNtfs.
For example; ln -s /media/DataNtfs/Music ~/Music.
It was simple and useful until I wanted to sync my Documents directory with Ubuntu One. Ubuntu One syncs directories only in the home folder and don't work with links.
Then I create empty directories in home like Documents, Downloads, Pictures etc.. and used fstab file to bind my old NTFS directories to the empty directories.
This is part of the fstab file:

# binds
/media/DataNtfs/Music           /home/can/Music                  none    rw,bind
/media/DataNtfs/Pictures        /home/can/Pictures               none    rw,bind
/media/DataNtfs/Downloads       /home/can/Downloads              none    rw,bind
/media/DataNtfs/Documents       /home/can/Documents              none    rw,bind
/media/DataNtfs/Backups         /home/can/Backups                none    rw,bind
/media/DataNtfs/Notes           /home/can/Notes                  none    rw,bind
/media/DataNtfs/Other           /home/can/Other                  none    rw,bind
/media/DataNtfs/Packages        /home/can/Packages               none    rw,bind
/media/DataNtfs/Photos          /home/can/Photos                 none    rw,bind
/media/DataNtfs/Videos          /home/can/Videos                 none    rw,bind
/media/DataNtfs/WorkSpace       /home/can/WorkSpace              none    rw,bind

Bind works well. Now I can sync some of data directories with Ubuntu One. As if data directories are actually in the home directory. So I think 'the best way' is bind.

By the way; DataNtfs partition is always mounted by fstab and I never unmount it.


Krusader/dolphin safe to use for sftp without sha256?

Use the fish:// protocol instead of sftp://

Krusader doesn't do:

sftp://user@xxxxx/

it gives the error message.

But is does do:

fish://user@xxxxx/

I dunno what the fish:// protocol is, but it is good catch.


"Try Ubuntu" from install USB - how to make it not erase files every time?

Full Install USB vs Persistent install

A Full install USB and a Persistent install USB both save data and installed programs after reboot.

Comparison between Persistent and Full install USB

Advantages of a persistent install:

1) You can use the persistent pendrive to install Ubuntu to another computer.

2) A persistent install takes up less space on the pendrive.

3) You can reset the pendrive by overwriting the old casper-rw file with a new one.

4) The install to pendrive takes less time.

Advantages of a Full install:

1) You can update and upgrade.

2) If you have problems or wish to modify, the solution is the same as with an internal install, (You can ask for help in these forums).

3) No ugly startup / install screen.

4) Better security, you can use full encryption

5) You can use proprietary drivers.

6) Hibernation works.

7) A persistent install is limited to a 4GB casper-rw and a 4GB home-rw persistence file, to get more persistence requires persistence partitions. Once casper-rw is full, the drive will not boot.

8) Faster boot.

9) You can run VBox and use virtual machines.

Note that once booted, both methods run at about the same speed.

Full Install Method

One method for creating Full install USB: How to Create a Full Install of Ubuntu 19.10 to USB Device Step by Step


Black screen with only cursor visible at bootup

SOLVED !!!
:) i solved the problem. the issue was that i had recently used back-in-time to make a backup of my system and this caused my home folder to become full. This apparently doesnt allow the gui to load in startup. i went to the tty2 and deleted the snapshot , deleted /tmp and then remade tmp. restarting cleared up the problem. i have been looking for a solution for past 24hrs. i thought it was something to do with sddm or Xserver. Its very frustrating but thank God i was able to stumble upon the solution.


Why does this 'kill' command log me out of the computer?

The syntax is kill SIGNAL PID.

The -9 option specifies that the SIGKILL signal should be sent (immediately terminate the target process(es), and specifying the PID -1 is shorthand for "all processes except itself and init".

Since you don't use sudo (and presumably don't have root permissions), this immediately kills all processes you have permission to kill - your entire session, hence logging you out.


Same issue. Managed to fix it by uninstalling GDM3, and everything seems to still work fine, but I'm not a Linux expert


If it's a script, just call the script as

bash scriptname.sh

No need to change links at all.

For compiled executable you can go chroot route:

mkdir rootfs
cp -a /usr rootfs/
cp -a /lib rootfs/
cp -a /lib64 rootfs/
cp /bin/bash  rootfs/bin/sh
cp yourprogram  rootfs/
sudo chroot rootfs  sh

And then run your program or sudo chroot rootfs /yourprogram

However, in practice there is no reason why you can't use /bin/bash as a symlink to /bin/sh. In fact, prior to version 6.10 Ubuntu was using /bin/bash as /bin/sh, and then they switched due to /bin/sh being a much faster, leaner implementation of POSIX /bin/sh (that is, it adheres to the POSIX standard for how Unix-like operating system utilities and OS should behave and implement some of their internals), and due to portability reasons. I strongly recommend reading Gilles' answer as well for historical notes on how /bin/dash came about.  As for compatibility, scripts written for dash using POSIX features will run with bash being a default shell perfectly fine. Usually, it's the other way around that causes problems - bash has features that aren't required by /bin/sh, like the <<< syntax or arrays.

Additionally, the command in question is probably written with RHEL or CentOS in mind, which does use /bin/bash as a symlink to /bin/sh, suggests two things: they probably targeted specific OS and didn't adhere to POSIX principles. In that case, it would also be a good idea to check what other things the command requires, since if it's really written with another OS in mind, you might run into more problems than just re-linking /bin/sh.


It sounds like you may need a newer version of Samba.

Ubuntu 14.04's default PPAs include Samba4.1.  Here's my server's feedback on sudo apt-get install samba:

user@host:~$ sudo apt-get install samba
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  attr libhdb9-heimdal libkdc2-heimdal python-dnspython samba-dsdb-modules
  samba-vfs-modules tdb-tools
Suggested packages:
  ldb-tools smbldap-tools winbind
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  attr libhdb9-heimdal libkdc2-heimdal python-dnspython samba
  samba-dsdb-modules samba-vfs-modules tdb-tools
0 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/1,515 kB of archives.
After this operation, 14.8 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Selecting previously unselected package libhdb9-heimdal:amd64.
(Reading database ... 105333 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libhdb9-heimdal_1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libhdb9-heimdal:amd64 (1.6~git20131207+dfsg-1ubuntu1.1) ...
and blahblahblah
user@host:~$

So it appears that samba4.1's PPA comes with Ubuntu 14.04.

Here's the Samba 4.3 PPA: https://launchpad.net/~exekias/+archive/ubuntu/samba43.

Install the PPA, then you should be able to get Samba 4.3.

Try purging your current samba install and reinstalling.


I am an Acer user and have the same problem with you. I have already tried your suggestion, but the problem still occured. I have another helpful solution.

Type sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration into a terminal, then select Acer laptop as the keyboard model, then restart your laptop.

Reference: Delete and arrow keys not working


Ubuntu 18.04.1 - System settings after removing network-manager and installing wicd

gnome-contol-center and Gnome-Shell both integrate with NetworkManager, they do not integrate with wicd.

To use wicd, use the client tools/GUI for wicd (whatever that is).

Installing above gnome components likely has a dependancy on libnm, NetworkManager's client library. That however does not mean, that you need NetworkManager (the daomon) running as well. Or even installed, if installing gnome-contol-center drags in NetworkManager, it seems like a packaging issue. Of course, if you don't have NetworkManager running but wicd, these Gnome GUI components won't do much for networking.

You theoretically can have wicd and NetworkManager running in parallel, as long as they manage different interfaces.


VMWare failed in buildig kernel modules (ubuntu 13.10)

I'm running 13.10 beta1 (Ubuntu GNOME) on all of my machines with the recently-released Workstation 10 version.  It doesn't need any patches installed, and I told some people at  VMware that next Spring, only 12.04 LTS, 13.10, and 14.04 will be supported anyway (since they have historically had no support for the latest few Ubuntu versions).  Hopefully, Saucy+1 will work without patches as well.

Workstation 10 can also control vCenter and ESXi, which means no more running a Windows VM just to control them.  They now also include the VIX API, ovftool, and other libraries and CLI utilities.


Increase font size of terminal in a no-GUI situation

I recognize the xterm icon on those windows. There's a menu that probably offers a few more bitmap fonts in larger sizes, but it's not easily discoverable:

Ctrl + right click in the terminal, holding down the mouse button to keep the menu open

You might also be interested in:

How to change the default font size of xterm?


Install NTFS configuration tool and Mount Manager from Software center. U can check and uncheck wanted partition from Mount manager and NTFS C tool. Invisibe i Understand Unmount.


Static hostname not changing Ubuntu 20.04

_ is an illegal character in hostname. Please see this link
I am not sure why 18.04 did not reject it.


The directions you linked to state to create a file /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ipv6.conf containing some text which will instruct the system to never load the IPv6 kernel module.

To undo this, you simply remove the file, with sudo, and then reboot.

sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ipv6.conf
sudo reboot   # Or reboot from the GUI, it doesn't matter how you reboot

Upon reboot, the kernel will be able to load the IPv6 modules, and you will then be able to configure (or autoconfigure) IPv6 on your system.


Is there a utility to transpose a .csv file?

A simple python program would do the job (and since this is not really tested: backup you csv file in advance!):

import csv
import sys
infile = sys.argv[1]
outfile = sys.argv[2]

with open(infile) as f:
    reader = csv.reader(f)
    cols = []
    for row in reader:
        cols.append(row)

with open(outfile, 'wb') as f:
    writer = csv.writer(f)
    for i in range(len(max(cols, key=len))):
        writer.writerow([(c[i] if i<len(c) else '') for c in cols])

You can save this into a file "my_csv_transposer.py" and call it from the commandline like this:

python my_csv_transposer.py <theinfilename> <theoutfilename>


How can i kill x server and be put into a command prompt?

Hit Ctrl+Alt+F1 to get to a Virtual terminal. There are several more, from F1 to F6. F7 and F8 are usually used for running your X server and some messages.

Note that you need to login to those terminals first, before you can use them.


Add an appimage application to the top menu bar

AppImages have limited integration with your desktop environment. You can manually add a launcher to your menu, but there is also a tool in development that can integrate appimages
Manual approach
You can manually add a launcher for your AppImage in the dash. Once it is there, you optionally will be able to pin it to the Dash/Dock.
Commonly, the AppImage provides an icon and a .desktop launcher file that you can use for a start. Retrieve it from within the AppImage file as follows:

Make sure the AppImage is running.
Using the command mount in a terminal, find out where the AppImage is mounted in your file system.

For example, in my little test, I see an entry for an AppImage appearing as
LibreSprite-8ac9ab1-x86_64.AppImage on /tmp/.mount_LibreSyxGgsk type fuse.LibreSprite-8ac9ab1-x86_64.AppImage (ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)

in the terminal output of mount. It reveals that the AppImage is mounted under /tmp/.mount_LibreSyxGgs.

Navigate to the folder where the AppImage is mounted using your file manager. In most cases, you will find icons there and a .desktop launcher, in the main folder or in a subfolder.
Copy the icon file to the folder .local/share/icons in your home folder.
Copy the .desktop file to the folder .local/share/applications in your home folder.
Open the copy of the .desktop file you created, and edit the Exec= line (and also the TryExec=line if present) to include the full pathname of your AppImage. Check on the Icon= line if it corresponds with the basename of the icon file you copied (just the basename, no need for the extension). If needed, update. You can also provide a full path to the specific icon file.

This will cause the .desktop file to be picked up in your application menu, i.e., the Application Overview in standard Ubuntu with Gnome Shell.
Automating using the tool AppImageLauncher
If you work frequently with AppImages, then you could explore the tool "AppImageLauncher". That tool is a regular application, designed to associate with .AppImage files. When you click an AppImage file, the tool will automatically copy it to a standard folder (by default ~/Applications) and create a desktop launcher for it.