New Kernel Gives Purple Screen after Update in Ubuntu 12.10

Yes you are absolutely right. I had installed Ubuntu 12.04.2 from live CD, which had actually the same version that Ubuntu 12.10 use. You can check it here Ubuntu LTS and Kernel Enablement Stack. I always faced lagging and sluggishness problem, although my Graphics driver was latest. Then installing a new Kernel 3.8.0 with latest graphics driver fixed my issue. I have also Intel inbuilt graphics card.

Actually You can install/remove any kernel you want. There is no problem on using one or multiple Kernels at a time. But sometime you should consider the Kernel Mapping to your Ubuntu Version. For example following link lists out the mapping of different kernel to different version of OS:

Ubuntu to Mainline kernel version mapping

So I suggest you to go through each post before taking such an action. You can get a complete information of Kernel installing/removing from following link:

Kernel Mainline Builds

Hope these links will help you to find out your solution.


Dual boot with mouse support on OS selection

There is a grubmouse project that lets you partially use your mouse in grub menu. I tried it but couldn't manage to use it. If you want to give it a shot, here is the project:

https://bitbucket.org/byteit101/grub-mouse

Good luck!

Note: I don't  accept any responsibility from breakage of your system. I had to reinstall grub when I tried it.

Note 2: You can check out my previous posts to recover grub


Sadly I'd say no. Porting an OS to a device is far more complicated than you think. It usually requires intimate knowledge of a devices hardware and many manufacturers do not provide this information, requiring porters to literally dissect the workings of a device in order to compile the needed drivers and software. Doing so is a very long and drawn out process and even then the task may not succeed. Even devices as popular as the Samsung Galaxy S2 and S3 (international versions) aren't getting popular Custom Android ROMs like Cyanogenmod because the Devs can no longer spare the immense effort that would be required to build the necessary software to run the OS properly and Samsung isn't being forthcoming about the inner workings of their Hardware.

In the end a phone like your Nokia probably won't be seeing Ubuntu any time soon.


Are the newly launched NVIDIA drivers supported in Ubuntu or will they be?

Yes, we are providing and supporting updated NVIDIA drivers in Ubuntu.

Update your system, then look in Additional Hardware Drivers to see the available update options.  (Scroll down if necessary.)

nvidia-current (version current) is what was stable at the time of the ubuntu release.  This is your baseline driver.  We never update this driver (except for critical packaging fixes) post-release.
nvidia-current-updates (post-release updates) is a newer version which our testing has found to be reasonably stable.  We can't guarantee that, which is why we provide it via this opt-in package.  We update this driver periodically, usually within a few weeks of an update becoming available.
nvidia-experimental-304 should be ignored.  We may provide some updates here but these won't be that interesting.
nvidia-experimental-310 (experimental beta) is a very new, unstable, bleeding-edge version that we have done no testing on.  But it will give you the latest and greatest NVIDIA support, and if you want to run Valve Steam games at maximum performance this is what you want.  Once you install this package, as new versions are released by NVIDIA we'll include them here, so when you do routine system updates it'll pull in updates for you.  In theory each update of this package should become more and more stable.  We are hoping to update this package in precise within a week or so of a new update becoming available.

The above options are what I'd call officially supported versions.  We'll accept bug reports about them and work with NVIDIA towards finding fixes (time permitting...)

There are also PPA options via x-updates and xorg-edgers.  x-updates is semi-official in that we try to keep it to known-stable versions and we accept bug reports (at low priority for fixing).  xorg-edgers really should be used only by people who know what they're doing - it's really just for testers, not users.  We don't accept bug reports for xorg-edgers.

For directions and more information on installing drivers for Valve Steam see http://wiki.ubuntu.com/Valve


Super Key does not invoke activities in Gnome Shell 3.8

Having the same problem I ended up here. Though it was Super Left in the dconf-editor, my super key was not working. Inspired by adiyaarun1's comment, I opened up Tweak Tool—>Keyboard and Mouse. If you change Switch between overview and desktop to Super left the problem should be solved as it was my case.


Upgrading MythTV from 0.25 to 0.27 fails

I use the Mythbuntu PPA to keep mine updated.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mythbuntu/0.27
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mythtv

Find info on the Mythbuntu PPA at Launchpad.

Edit:

If the Mythbuntu PPA is not appearing in Synaptic or Software Sources, check your /etc/apt/sources.list file. It should contain the following entries:

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/mythbuntu/0.27/ubuntu precise main  <-- Binary
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/mythbuntu/0.27/ubuntu precise main  <--Source

Or add them through Software Sources by adding the PPA manually using the PPA URI's as above, one entry each for the Binary and Source, with precise being the Distribution and main being the Components field entries.

Then run

sudo apt-get update

And if you want to install the MythTV server (backend):

sudo apt-get install mythtv-backend-master

or

sudo apt-get install mythtv-frontend

for the MythTV fronted client.


How can I get video working properly on my Shuttle ss30g2?

SIS Graphics for a very long time have been poorly supported under linux.

Various workarounds have been suggested - here are mine.

During boot from your live CD - choose (or add) xforcevesa to your boot option.  If necessary, also add nomodeset as well.  N.B. press space when the purple screen with the strange icon at the bottom of the screen is display during the boot from the live CD.  Then press F6 to edit your boot options.

This (or these) boot option(s) should give you a low resolution but usable display.

Once installed, you can try the following:

workaround 1
Try forcing the use of the sis driver in your xorg.conf

gksu gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
If the file opened is empty copy and paste the following - otherwise just make sure Driver "sis" in the Device section is specified.

workaround 2
 - If this still doesnt work then change Driver "sis" to Driver "vesa" to use the standard vesa graphics.

workaround 3

This suggestion should be carried out with a Driver "sis" in your xorg.conf file.

Press ALT + F2 and login:

gksu gedit /etc/modules
The editor will open. Add the following as a new line to the bottom: sisfb

Reboot - this should hopefully give you a usable display.

xorg.conf

Section "Device"
Identifier "Video Device"
Driver "sis"
EndSection
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Configured Monitor"
EndSection
Section "Screen"
Identifier "Default Screen"
Monitor "Configured Monitor"
Device "Video Device"
EndSection


Is it possible to restrict Deja Dup backup by network?

Déjà Dup is a very simple backup program for very simple users...

And guess what? You're not a simple user any more!  ;-) Time to look out for a more sophisticated backup program!  0:-)

I would use Borg and have 2 scripts:

one in the Startup Applications that connects to your NAS and doesn't connect to it if you're not on your home network
one in crontab that does a daily / weekly backup if it's connected to your NAS.

Note: This is how I run...


You can see what each run of apt installed by looking at apt's log file, located at /var/log/apt/history.log. You can remove them by uninstalling whatever package caused them to be pulled in. You cannot remove them while keeping that package because these libs are needed to run it.


Touchpad and wireless adapter not recoginsed Acer Aspire V3-372-53UE

I don't know why are you having problems with the touchpad, but the thing with the wifi is very normal for the newest pc on the market,  so for that problem you can try this :
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/Driver/Ndiswrapper

that's gonna install the wifi drivers of windows on Ubuntu or something like that, btw I'm not a english speaker (?) so my redaction have a lot of mistakes , but I want to help you
saludos :)


How to open a list of ports with iptables

UFW (Uncomplicated firewall) is a convenient way to open ports on Ubuntu. By default, UFW should be installed in Ubuntu 18.04 and above.

You can open multiple (TCP or UDP) ports in this way:

ufw allow 25,80,110,143,443,465,587,993,995/tcp


I would like to insert new string at last line staring with some text using sed,

With GNU sed you can do this:

sed ':a;N;$! ba;s/.*\nApple/&\nYour appended line/'

The pattern :a;N;$! ba appends lines from the file to the buffer with N while the end of the file ($ address) is not (!) reached (jump to :a with ba). So if you exit the loop, all lines are in the buffer and search pattern .*\nApple matches the whole file up to the last line starting with Apple. The & in the replacement string insert the whole match and appends your text.

A portable solution working on other sed versions as well would be

sed -e ':a' -e 'N;$! ba' -e 's/.*\(\n\)Apple/&\1Your appended line/'

Here the script is split at the labels and instead of using \n in the replacement string (which is not guaranteed to work with non-GNU seds) we refer to the one from the pattern surrounded with \(\) with the \1 reference.


Why is Evolution the default mail/calendar package?

Evolution indeed is part of the GNOME Project. That's why it's Ubuntu's default mail client, I suppose.

Obviously, this makes it better integrated into the GNOME desktop, especially when running Ubuntu. Please not that some of the following features can be achieved with Thunderbird, too, but it does require some work and doesn't come like that out of the box.

Notifications: Evolution makes use of native notify-osd-notifications whereas thunderbird brings its own notifications and doesn't blend into the desktop as much as Evolution does
Messaging-Menu: Evolution is integrated into Ubuntu's Messaging Menue
GnuPG-Integration: While Enigmail is good and can be found in the repos, Evolution does come with GnuPG integration without having to install any additional packages

Additionally, some features like Exchange integration are present in Evolution, too. Those, too, could be added to Thunderbird via Extensions. For private desktop use, though, Evolution provides a more integrated experience.


The same started happening to me yesterday, and it seems that a restart of the modem-manager solves the problem.

Try to run in a terminal window the following:

sudo killall -9 modem-manager

I found it on the following site:
http://bugs.rosalinux.ru/show_bug.cgi?format=multiple&id=1792

For me the modem-manager was automatically restarted.

You can run

tail -f less /var/log/syslog

from a separate terminal window to see what happens.


How do I configure MAAS to control virtual machines with virsh?

Have a look at the authentication options of libvirt. I have virsh running that way with ESXi:
http://libvirt.org/auth.html


Cannot replace Ubuntu with Windows (CD/DVD gives up on booting Windows)

Wow, this is a really strange question. You want to remove the only OS on your machine. I won't ask why, maybe you wish to try something else.
If this is what you really want, try running

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda

from any live CD.

Before you run this, know that it'll nuke your hard disk, your computer will not be usable until you install a new OS.


How can I create a quick launcher in Lubuntu?

You can follow this to create a launcher on the Lubuntu desktop.

Run this command in a terminal:

lxshortcut -o ~/Desktop/myLauncher

Choose the path to the application or just run a command:

Select an icon if you want:


How to switch between audio outputs when both headphones and speakers are connected?

You can try Sound Switcher Indicator or Pulse Audio Volume Control....

Sound Switcher Indicator

"Sound input/output selector indicator for Ubuntu/Unity" -- github.com/yktoo/indicator-sound-switcher

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:yktooo/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install indicator-sound-switcher

Pulse Audio Volume Control

"PulseAudio Volume Control (pavucontrol) is a simple GTK based volume control tool ("mixer") for the PulseAudio sound server. In contrast to classic mixer tools this one allows you to control both the volume of hardware devices and of each playback stream separately." -- freedesktop.org/software/pulseaudio/pavucontrol/

sudo apt-get install pavucontrol


HDF5 and GSL library problem on Ubuntu 14.04.1 64-bit

To answer this question well really requires a thorough understanding of GNU autotools, which I don't have: nevertheless I hope these comments will help.

The configure script for a particular build is generated from its configure.ac file using autoconf. In turn, configure.ac uses standard macros to test for the presence of specified components. In this particular case, configure.ac specifies an AC_CHECK_LIB test for the GSL library as

  AC_CHECK_LIB(gsl, gsl_sf_bessel_Jn, [],
        [AC_MSG_WARN([Missing GNU GSL library...Bessel-function field initialization will not be supported.])])

The syntax of an AC_CHECK_LIB is

AC_CHECK_LIB (library, function, [action-if-found], [action-if-not-found], [other-libraries])

and the actual mechanism by which the check is performed is by creating a minimal test program (conftest) for the specified function gsl_sf_bessel_Jn in library libgsl, and attempting to link it using the default build tools. Such a minimal program might look something like

char gsl_sf_bessel_Jn();

int main() { return gsl_sf_bessel_Jn(); return 0; }

Note that the dummy prototype char gsl_sf_bessel_Jn() may bear no relation to the return type or argument list of the actual function - we never attempt to run the program, we just wish to know whether it links (i.e. whether the linker is able to resolve library references). We can see how this works if we create such a source file ourselves:

$ cat > conftest.c
char gsl_sf_bessel_Jn();

int main() { return gsl_sf_bessel_Jn(); return 0; }

Ctrl+D

As expected, if we try to run it without linking the GSL library, we get an error

$ gcc conftest.c
/tmp/ccWqFraS.o: In function `main':
conftest.c:(.text+0xa): undefined reference to `gsl_sf_bessel_Jn'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

However even if we explicitly link libgsl we find

$ gcc conftest.c -lgsl
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/../../../../lib/libgsl.so: undefined reference to `cblas_dasum'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/../../../../lib/libgsl.so: undefined reference to `cblas_sger'
.
<snip>
.
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/../../../../lib/libgsl.so: undefined reference to `cblas_zdotu_sub'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

At this point, it's important to note that the configure script doesn't know why a particular test has failed, only that it has. In this case, it has failed because we didn't link the subordinate libgslcblas library.

This illustrates the importance of the order in which tests are performed: each successful test causes the newly discovered library to be added to the $LIB variable for subsequent tests. Specifically (as noted in the GSL documentation)

  It is important to check for libm and libgslcblas before libgsl,
  otherwise the tests will fail. Assuming the libraries are found the
  output during the configure stage looks like this,

checking for cos in -lm... yes
checking for cblas_dgemm in -lgslcblas... yes
checking for gsl_blas_dgemm in -lgsl... yes

  If the library is found then the tests will define the macros
  HAVE_LIBGSL, HAVE_LIBGSLCBLAS, HAVE_LIBM and add the options -lgsl
  -lgslcblas -lm to the variable LIBS.

The meep source package does check for libgslcblas before libgsl, however the specific check that it does is an AC_CHECK_FUNC rather than an AC_CHECK_LIB

AC_CHECK_FUNC(cblas_cgemm, [], [AC_CHECK_LIB(gslcblas, cblas_cgemm)])

While superficially similar, it appears that AC_CHECK_FUNC does not append the library to $LIBS on success; it appears we can work around this simply by adding an explicit AC_CHECK_LIB for libgslcblas in the configure.ac file

# GNU Scientific Library
AC_CHECK_FUNC(cblas_cgemm, [], [AC_CHECK_LIB(gslcblas, cblas_cgemm)])
AC_CHECK_LIB([gslcblas],[cblas_cgemm])
AC_CHECK_LIB(gsl, gsl_sf_bessel_Jn, [],
   [AC_MSG_WARN([Missing GNU GSL library...Bessel-function field initialization will not be supported.])])

and then running autoconf to regenerate the configure script

$ autoconf

after which running ./configure reports that the the GSL library is indeed found:

$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local | grep gsl
configure: WARNING: Cannot find latex2html in your path!
configure: WARNING: FFTW needed for MPB
checking for cblas_cgemm in -lgslcblas... yes
checking for gsl_sf_bessel_Jn in -lgsl... yes


Debian package repositories (which are what PPAs are, but with specific packages in them for Ubuntu releases, and not Debian itself) are not the same as git repos.  You can't use a git repo for an apt repository.

The main reason for this is because git uses a special server designed to work with source code, and not binary packages.  An apt repository server can be set up with a package manager backend and almost any web server, and is specifically designed to work with binary packages.


Website blocking issue in squid3 on ubuntu 12.04

If we read the caveat that is listed in Squid's documentation:

  At no point during ssl_bump processing will dstdomain ACL work. That ACL relies on HTTP message details that are not yet decrypted. An ssl::server_name acl type is provided instead that uses CONNECT, SNI, or server certificate Subject name (whichever is available).

dstdomain simply checks the Host:-header sent by the client. This is not available for a SSL/TLS session.

We also see the following in the ACL configuration documentation, under New in Squid 3.5:

  New types ssl::server_name and ssl::server_name_regex to match server name from various sources (CONNECT authority name, TLS SNI domain, or X.509 certificate Subject Name).

So squid >3.5 supports SNI inspection, and can block based on HTTPS certificates and SNI. Squid 3.1 cannot.

The full ACL documentation can be found at http://www.squid-cache.org/Doc/config/acl/

You need to upgrade to a newer squid version, and a newer Ubuntu relase. You can not expect five year old software to work in a fast changing environment like the internet is.


Ubuntu 13.10, not recognizing 2nd monitor

Open Ubuntu Software Center > Top Menu Bar > Edit > Software Sources > Additional Drivers
It should search for available drivers (Make sure you have an internet connection)
Select the latest Nvidia driver (I always select the latest one that says "tested" in the description)
Click Apply Changes.
-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0
Click the checkmark next to my answer if it helps you!


UnicodeDecodeError when running ubuntu-support-status

As you have the environment varable $LANGUAGE set to de_DE:en programs (like ubuntu-support-status) will use German messages if possible. But as $LC_CTYPE is set to C they will assume ASCII character encoding. This leads to errors with messages containing umlauts and other non-ASCII characters.

If you want messages in English set $LANGUAGE to C. Otherwise set $LC_CTYPE to de_DE.UTF-8 (or some other UTF-8 locale).


I'm going to need to close this one out. I had to recreate the file in question from the HRBlock application due to an issue on my windows 10 partition. After doing this I can no longer recreate the problem. This is good and bad I guess but for now this issue is no longer an issue.


You can grab a copy of the default shell css here:
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GNOME/gnome-shell/master/data/theme/gnome-shell.css

You can indeed use this as a base to override the default shell styling like increasing the font size.

Get the User Theme extension:
https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/19/user-themes/

Create a directory:
mkdir $HOME/.themes/new-theme-name/gnome-shell

Copy that Gnome basefile to it:

cd $HOME/.themes/new-theme-name/gnome-shell
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GNOME/gnome-shell/master/data/theme/gnome-shell.css

Append the very end of the file with your desired "overrides".
Example:

/* Increase font size here */
stage {
    font-family: cantarell, sans-serif;
    font-size: 14pt;
    color: white;
}

Using the tweak-tool switch to your new theme.

I realize the OP asked about icons, but this should be a similar process.


How to change screen resolution of Thinkpad x300?

Unfortunately, the maximum resolution for your Thinkpad x300 is 1440x900, limited by the screen in your laptop. But don't worry, that's already a very nice resolution for 13 inch laptops.

The listed 8192 x 8192 is the maximum amount of pixels your video card can handle, or the maximum "virtual resolution". This gives you room to plug in external monitors. Horizontally and vertically, you can support up to 8192 pixels, so you can plug in a 1920x1080 monitor, which will make your total virtual resolution (1440+1920)x1080 or 3360x1080.


It is very simple to accomplish this:

First discover the width and height of your touchpad typing in the terminal:

less /var/log/Xorg.0.log | grep -i range

In my case the output was this:

[    24.188] (--) synaptics: SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad: x-axis range 1472 - 5772
[    24.188] (--) synaptics: SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad: y-axis range 1408 - 5086

So the width is 5772 and the height is 5086. Now you can have a notion of the bottom area to disable, just try out values to get the desired area disabled. The command in the terminal is:

synclient AreaBottomEdge=**VALUE**(in my case 730)

That is all.


How do I create system settings entries?

As of GNOME 3.2, upstream GNOME developers dropped support for adding "external panels" to the system settings in order to more tightly control what is present there. The relevant conversation can be found, starting with this message, on the GNOME desktop-devel-list. Ubuntu carries a patch to expose this API. Here is the relevant blueprint.

IFAICT, python apps can not directly access the proper API, but they can still add themselves to the systems settings. They'll be show up there, but not be able to take advantage of the morphing window, bread crumbs, etc... They'll simply be called like an external program.

In order to place your app in the system settings, you need to add X-GNOME-Settings-Panel to the Categories field in your desktop file:

Categories=GNOME;GTK;Settings;X-GNOME-Settings-Panel;

and add a new field to the desktop file:

X-GNOME-Settings-Panel=program-icon

It must also contain OnlyShowIn=Unity;

Here's an example of me forcing something in there:


My experience points to the likelihood of graphics card & driver issues.

Open up a terminal (Ctrl-Alt-T) and run the following commands.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade && software-properties-gtk --open-tab=4

You'll have to type in your password. Then you may have to type a 'y' to confirm some downloads. After the Ubuntu is updated the "additional drivers" tab in the software center will open. You can view and update your graphics drivers there.

Here's a brief explanation of the first two commands.  sudo apt-get update updates packages from repositories. sudo apt-get upgrade actually installs those packages. These two steps are prerequisite for the third step of selecting an updated graphics card driver.

Give it a shot and tell us your progress!


The problem got solved after changing the power supply of the hub.


Information provided on this answer: How do I configure a joystick or gamepad? may be useful for you, which contains information related to the jstest-gtk and the jscalibrator. Placed here for your convenience:

  Not tested by me, but found in a link provided at:
  http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=393425, I hope this may help.

    Install joystick

    sudo apt-get update

    sudo apt-get install joystick

    then install jscalibrator

    sudo apt-get install jscalibrator

    then run the calibration processes

    jscal -c /dev/input/js0 (this is
    my joystick location check yours)

    jstest /dev/input/js0 (or wherever) If
    I remember correctly, this should
    return 0 for no error.

    run jscalibrator

    jscalibrator

    and it should
    recognize the type of gamepad
    correctly and recognize all of your
    buttons, and axis

  There is also an application called jstest-gtk, which seems to do
  something like that, I post here a screenshot and the link for you:
  https://github.com/Grumbel/jstest-gtk (This software may need to be
  compiled in order to make it work)

I hope this help you.

Good luck!


How do I install gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg on Ubuntu 14.10?

The user who maintains the PPA mentioned in those answers also has a PPA exclusively for gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg. So do:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mc3man/gstffmpeg-keep
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg


Cygwin is a windows program that allows you to run linux programs in windows, so it wouldn't make any sense to have it in the repositories.

I suspect your only chance of having this work would be to run cygwin in wine.

It sounds like you have two separate questions:

Can I use run Cygwin under Ubuntu to test the windows version I'm trying to build?
How do I find windows libraries to use with mingw32 to replace the linux libraries I've been using?

As I said above, for 1, yes, you should be able to run cygwin in wine for testing.

Questions 2 is unrelated and should be moved to a different question.  (For what it's worth, I have no idea about the answer to 2).


I can feel your pain. Some time ago I asked myself the same question just trying
to package a little shell script with a launcher. The best I could find was this
video (can't remember the original file name - so I had to upload it to
U1). Following the steps in the video I was able to create a .deb in ~2 hours.

Other helpful resources (just quickly scan through it):
Ubuntu Forum
Package Basics

All the tutorials I could find were much, much too long, incomplete, or not usable
for a beginner (too complicated.) I'm sure there are a lot of people out there
that have written little useful scripts and would like to package and share them
but its just to time consuming & frustrating when trying to create a .deb for
the first time.


Installing Ubuntu is pretty easy if you know what you are doing.First use a USB.After that turn off Secure Boot as that makes the ISO unbootable.Then burn the Ubuntu ISO to the USB using a program like Rufus(Don't use UNETBOOTIN it's broken).Then restart your computer and access the BIOS.In there select your USB device.After that you should see the Ubuntu install screen and you should be able to install Ubuntu.


Why does my computer continue to start Windows automatically after installing Ubuntu?

Try to get in Windows booting options (in msconfig) and set the time that other systems are displayed while booting to lets say 20 seconds. Does that help?


Created a folder inside / partition:

sudo mkdir /foldername

Changed folder's ownership:

sudo chown username /foldername


Can I install Windows 7 after Installing Ubuntu?

I am wondering if you even understand what you mean when you wrote "file system format"? Do you mean you installed in BIOS or UEFI mode? Or did you format the whole drive with Ubuntu to ext4? Well, in short: it's usually easier to install Windows 7 first, and then install Ubuntu.

Then the rest is not really to-the-point content per see but I assume if you really need help it's the next best thing you can read for yourself get.

Please take a look here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community

It is advisable to read the first three bullet points under Help Topics, which are:

Installation
SwitchingToUbuntu
DrivesAndPartitions

And then this is the article which you should read in whole:

WindowsDualBoot aka installing both Windows and Ubuntu on the same machine

Do not underestimate the info behind the links. :)

Then, directly related to the steps you've tried:

Is it possible for you to delete Ubuntu and make a backup of your data (documents, pictures... whatnot)?

  Is there any way for efficiency sake to have Windows 7 one click away, say for example to open Ubuntu and run the Windows 7 installer on a different disk?

I don't know what that means. I don't think you can run the Win 7 installer from Linux. Or you'd be a highly experienced user if you manage to do that.


"sudo su" does not pass the environment variables to the new shell?

I think I read somewhere that sudo does not pass along all environment variables on purpose, since that could be used to introduce root exploits (not unlike the recent bash bugs). Or you may need to use sudo with -E

 -E, --preserve-env
             Indicates to the security policy that the user wishes to pre‐
             serve their existing environment variables.  The security
             policy may return an error if the user does not have permis‐
             sion to preserve the environment.

So you may have a different "security policy" set, somewhere. man sudo has more info, it appears to have more settings than just su does.


Big snapshot of small portion of screen?

If you download Shutter from the Software Center, you can save the screen shot at any size you want:

You may want to resize your Terminal window first to catch the outpunt in a smaller window.


problem with mpv_thumbnail_script from git

I could solve it by changing in
.config/mpv/lua-settings/mpv_thumbnail_script.conf

part
prefer_mpv=yes

to
prefer_mpv=no

Use mpv to generate thumbnail even if ffmpeg is found in PATH
ffmpeg is slightly faster than mpv but lacks support for ordered  >chapters in MKVs,
which can break the resulting thumbnails. You have been warned.
Defaults to yes (don't use ffmpeg) prefer_mpv=[yes/no]

with ffmpeg for thumbnails, works.


Ubuntu 14.04 LTS showing 'version message write failed' message while booting

Added blacklist mei_me line to /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf.

The error message is not showing while booting. The speed of booting hasn't increased; it is taking the same amount of time as before(when the error message was being shown).


If you're able to boot, but after login Unity doesn't load: It's possible that your GPU drivers are interfering; or that your hw isn't 3d-capable. Please insert the LiveDVD and post the result of the following command (press CTRL+ALT+T) :

/usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p

If you're using nVidia drivers: Run the following commands to remove them, and reboot:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia-current
sudo apt-get remove nvidia-current-updates
sudo apt-get remove nvidia-experimental-304

Or just install/open Synaptic and search for nvidia, delete everything that you see now.

Reboot the system. See if everything's working. Run this command to check if Unity-3D will work:

/usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p

Reboot again. Reinstall latest nVidia drivers:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current-updates

If using AMD/ATI GPU drivers: Run the following command to remove them, and reboot:

sudo apt-get purge fglrx

Don't reinstall them as ATI cards currently don't support Unity-3D.
If you're unable to boot: Insert a Ubuntu 12.10 Live-CD/DVD and run the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

Boot-Repair will launch. Select the 'Recommended Repair'.
IF you fail to see the Grub:- Insert a Ubuntu 12.10 Live-CD/DVD and run the following commands:

sudo mount /dev/sdXY /mnt # XY is the drive, eg. sda or sda1
grub-install /dev/sdX #X is drive number
update-grub

Reboot.


Geekbench2

3 Open-Source Benchmarking Tools

Hardinfo – CPU Benchmark
GtkPerf – GTK+ Benchmark
Phoronix Test Suite – Comprehensive Benchmarks


Audio source not appearing in pulseaudio but playing over headphone jack

This seemed to be a problem with the flash player plugin being no longer supported for 16.04. Installing the chromium flash player plugin solved my problem:

$ sudo apt-get install browser-plugin-freshplayer-pepperflash

I found this solution in the following question which also links to additional information: Flash plugin for Firefox on Ubuntu 16.04


Pdf Reader on Ubuntu 20.04 which has capability of choosing text and bacground color

Okular.
Reasons:

Multiple platforms (Windows, MacOS, Linux, mobile)

Clean and easy-to-use interface

Annotation tools

Supports multiple formats (PDF, ePub, DjVu, CHM, Postscript, DVI, TIFF, ODF, XPS, etc.)

Open Source


Is this external drive (verbatim 47564 320gb) recognized by Linux?

Any recent USB hard drive will implement the USB Mass Storage Device class, which is supported out-of-the-box under Ubuntu. (This support is in the Linux kernel itself from v2.4, so any distribution from the past decade or so will support it.)

If you want to be able to read and write files to the same filesystem under both Windows and Linux, you should format it as NTFS.


How to get rid of "Partial upgrade" after crash while installing updates

I've managed to solve this problem. I'm not 100% sure what the final solution was but it went as following:

Disabled out of date/unreachable PPA's
I got an error notification regarding wine which was missing some dependencies (fyi: http://ppa.launchpad.net/rebuntu16/avidemux+unofficial/ubuntu & http://files.eid.belgium.be/debian)
Clean up aptitude cache:

sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

After this, update manager is functioning again.

Edit 24/09/17:

The previous answer was incorrect. I did the 'partial upgrade' which updated all the packages which were interupted in the previous update.

So to summarize: you can do the 'partial upgrade' without harm. The warning on the Ubuntu wiki is not applicable to this situation.


No wi-fi adaptor found -Ubuntu -rtlwifi_new.git shows repository not found

that repo doesn't seem to exist. if you look in the list of lwfinger's repos there is a mention of it in rtl8723be but when you look at the readme of that it reccommends to

Use the driver in the kernel, or the one in the Backports Project.

the repo you were looking for was abandoned

The master branch of this repo is officially abandoned. If you are running a kernel newer than 5.0, use the drivers built into your kernel. That is a lot less work.
If you must have these drivers with an older kernel, then google the Backports Project, download, and build their codes.
If you are using a Realtek RTL8723DE, RTL8822BE, RTL8822CE, or RTL8821CE, then you need the rtw88 branch:
git checkout origin/rtw88 -b rtw88
Then follow the README there.
DISCLAIMER: If you don't read any of this README, I will not answer to any of your issues

if you want to have a look yourself or are looking to get an older version try the Waybackmachine link to the repo


You can use the 'gpart' and 'gparted' tools to recover data from hard-disks.

Install gpart and gparted.

sudo apt-get install gpart gparted
Plug-in your USB hard-disk.
Open Gparted from the dash or from the command-line.
Select the hard-disk you wish to run data-rescue on, from the drop-down list on the right-top corner.
Go to 'Device' menu and click on 'Attempt Data Rescue'.

If that didn't help, here's an in-detail description, on how you can do it through the command-line using gpart:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DataRecovery


bash: /path/.bash_aliases: Permission denied

Using the right command and file names ;), in your second command is a typo: ~/.bash_aliases and not ~/.base_aliases

sudo chown $USER:$USER ~/.bash_aliases

and so I can sleep peacefully (thank you @ByteCommander)

chmod 644 ~/.bash_aliases

And maybe it's time to correct the permissions for the whole folder:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER $HOME


What is telepathy in ubuntu?What is the relation of telepathy and empathy?

Telepathy is a framework for instant messaging. When you set up a chat account in the Online Accounts settings panel, you're setting up a login associated with Telepathy.

Empathy is a frontend for Telepathy. That is, Empathy provides a user interface for interacting with the Telepathy system.

If you wanted to, you could replace Empathy with another frontend to Telepathy and all your accounts would be there, because it's the same underlying framework. Empathy also does not do everything that Telepathy does - for example, IIRC, Telepathy provides a system to make phone calls, an ability that Empathy does not expose.


13.04: update-initramfs works but mkinitramfs fails from APT

I was able to fix it, it seems that the kernel postinstall scripts is not compatible with my version of mkinitramfs (initramfs-tools 0.103ubuntu0.7).
In the linux-image postinstall script file, the call lacks of a parameter:
at line 837:

my $ret = system("$ramdisk " . ($upgrading ? "-u" : "-c") . " -k " . $version . " >&2");

should be  (Note the -o parameter before the $version variable.)

my $ret = system("$ramdisk " . ($upgrading ? "-u" : "-c") . " -k " . " -o " . $version . " >&2");

And it works! I was always bypassing this issue with a manual update-initramfs but I didn't like the fact that each time I used apt-get, dpkg status kept printing this error which fortunately was not blocking, then I had some spare time tonight and decided to put these on this annoying stuff and it pays off! =)

Unfortunately, it doesn't explain why an how I got this issue after an  distro-upgrade of my Ubuntu server using the official repositories. :/


Replacing blank character is not working inside script

After expanding a parameter expansion ($var) or command substitution ($(cmd)), the shell removes all whitespace from the expanded result in order to split them into words (word splitting). On top of that, it tries to match filenames for the words that contain *, ? and/or [...] (pathname expansion). So always enclose expansions in double quotes ("$var" and "$(cmd)") to avoid word splitting and pathname expansion to be attempted.

$ var=$'two\nlines   here'
$ echo $var
two lines here
$ echo "$var"
two
lines   here
$

Hence:

echo "$var" | tr ' ' '\n'
# or using bash's more powerful types of parameter expansions
echo "${var// /$'\n'}"

var="$(echo "$var" | tr ' ' '\n')"

See also: http://mywiki.wooledge.org/Quotes


no hdmi sound, first time installing linux

I re install ubuntu from live usb using nomodeset in grub configuration (becouse without nomodeset I had to boot with recovery mode "I had black screen with the normal boot"), after installation it's working great...!! thanks in advance.


After you delete your private key,
you can still login without password if you use a key manager that has your private key cached.

After the key manager is stopped,
you will not be able to login with your nonexistent key.
(For example after you logout and login again.)


Mounting CIFS in Ubuntu 18.04 its read-only unlike in Ubuntu 16.04

Replace the root ownership of the mounted share with your own by using the uid=your-user-name option. So your mount command would look like this if your Ubuntu user name is "souliaq":

mount -t cifs -o guest,uid=souliaq //server/folder /home/souliaq/somefolder


Clone external hard drive to internal hard drive

You could use dd, from a live CD open a terminal an type:

dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=64K

Just replace /dev/sda with your external hardrive name and /dev/sdb with your internal hardrive name.


getting spim (mips compiler ) on ubuntu 12.04

you can install spim ( spim - MIPS R2000/R3000 emulator  ) it with

sudo apt-get install spim

from your terminal.

in 12.04 you can have a Graphical MIPS32 Assembly language emulator with spim installation.https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/precise/spim/

@OP

QTspim 32-bit

http://sourceforge.net/projects/spimsimulator/files/qtspim_9.1.6_linux32.deb/download
QTspim 64-bit

http://sourceforge.net/projects/spimsimulator/files/qtspim_9.1.6_linux64.deb/download

for more information : http://lambda-pancakes.blogspot.in/2012/10/qtspim-in-ubuntu-1204.html


Is it possible to install gstreamer GStreamer Core and Plugins 1.6.3 stable release on ubuntu 14.04?

If you want to compile it from source you can run the following commands.

First, install some dependencies:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install autoconf automake libtool build-essential ubuntu-restricted-extras autopoint flex bison gtk-doc-tools

Then, download the sourcecode:

wget http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/src/gstreamer/gstreamer-1.6.3.tar.xz

Extract the file and change to the directory of the extracted file:

tar xvf gstreamer-1.6.3.tar.xz
cd gstreamer-1.6.3

Now, run the following command:

./autogen.sh

You should see no errors here and it should return the line "Now type 'make' to compile gstreamer."

Compile the code:

make

At the end of the output, you should see no errors in the lines beginning with make[4], make[1], make[2], or make[3].

Run the following command to test:

./tools/gst-launch-1.0 -v fakesrc num_buffers=5 ! fakesink

If you see no errors, proceed.

Finally, install gstreamer 1.6.3:

sudo make install
sudo ldconfig

Click here to see more plugins (ugly, bad, good, base).

You have two options,the easy way and the hard way. First:

THE HARD WAY

Here is how to compile the plugins. First install some dependencies:

sudo apt-get build-dep orc gst-plugins-base1.0 gst-plugins-good1.0 gst-plugins-bad1.0 gst-plugins-ugly1.0 gst-libav1.0

Next, make a directory to work in and download the source packages:

mkdir PLUGINS
cd PLUGINS
wget http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/src/orc/orc-0.4.24.tar.xz
wget http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/src/gst-libav/gst-libav-1.6.3.tar.xz
wget http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/src/gst-plugins-base/gst-plugins-base-1.6.3.tar.xz
wget http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/src/gst-plugins-good/gst-plugins-good-1.6.3.tar.xz
wget http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/src/gst-plugins-bad/gst-plugins-bad-1.6.3.tar.xz
wget http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/src/gst-plugins-ugly/gst-plugins-ugly-1.6.3.tar.xz

Extract the archives:

tar xvf gst*lib*xz
tar xvf g*p*b*e*z
tar xvf g*p*g*g*d*z
tar xvf g*p*b*d*z
tar xvf g*p*y*z
tar xvf orc*

cd orc
./autogen.sh
make
sudo make install
cd ..

Ignore any warnings; there should be no errors.

base plugins

cd g*base*
./configure

If there are plugins listed under configure: *** Plug-ins with dependencies that will NOT be built: you may need to install dependencies for them.

For example, if ogg is listed, run the following command to search for available packages:

apt-cache search libogg | grep dev

Among the listed packages should be libogg-dev. To install it, just use apt-get like so:

sudo apt-get install libogg-dev

I could not find dependencies that satisfy ivorbisdec so don't worry about that one unless you really need it. Run ./configure again after installing dependencies and then proceed if you are satisfied.

make
sudo make install
cd ..

Again, there should be no errors on the lines near the end of the output: make[4], make[3], make[2], and make[1].

good plugins

cd g*good*
./configure

Do the same here with the dependencies. I was not able to find the dependencies for the following plugins:

directsoundsink

osxaudio

osxvideosink

sunaudio

waveformsink

Again, run ./configure after adding dependencies and proceed when you are satisfied:

make
sudo make install

bad plugins

cd g*bad*
./configure

There was a whole list of plugins not built here, I didn't even try to track down. If you have problems with GStreamer later on like if something doesn't work, you can check but I wouldn't bother here unless there are issues.

make
sudo make install
cd ..

Do the same for the remaining plugins.

THE EASY WAY

To install ppa versions through apt-get, run the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:dan-witt/gstreamer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gstreamer1.0

This will install gstreamer and all the plugins version 1.6.

Click here for more info about the ppa.


Upgrading Ubuntu Studio from 19.04 to 19.10

After doing a reboot and then 19.04 software update, informed that Ubuntu Studio 19.10 was available upgrade went smoothly.


Unable to boot from flash drive (Windows 8.1)

If you turned off secure boot then you can try on Legacy boot.i Don't know much about Asus BIOS options.but there may be some option other than "pressing F2" key, which can be used to choose LEGACY BOOT options which shown at the boot time(like F12).from that you can directly choose your usb drive and boot from it.try that.

also this link may be helpful.

https://github.com/lopaka/instructions/blob/master/ubuntu-14.10-install-asus-x205ta.md


Installing rtl8192 drivers solved this issue.


nomachine NX: Text missing on all gtk interface (Unity and Gnome Classic)

I have found solution for identical problem in Arch forums.

You need to downgrade libcairo2 to 1.10 version (I have downloaded it from precise-updates repo - http://packages.ubuntu.com/precise-updates) and make order in resulting dependency mess.

I had to downgrade as well following packages: libcairo2:i386 (my system is amd64, but e.g. acroread depends on the 32-bit version of the library), libpoppler-glib8, and poppler-utils. The last two downgrades demanded installation of libpoppler19. All the poppler packages was taken from precise repos:
http://packages.ubuntu.com/precise

Of course it is not a permanent solution, but everything works fine. I'm afraid we need to wait for some patch for the cairo library.


Prevent wireless from turning off when lid goes down

All we need to do is run a couple of commands and create or edit a file in /etc/pm/power.d that will basically tell Ubuntu to turn the wi-fi power management off and to keep it off permanently when in battery mode, so we can use the wi-fi wherever and whenever we choose to.To apply the fix, follow the steps below or the following link

Step 1 – Check that wi-fi power management is turned on

In order to turn off the power management we first need to ensure that it is turned on.

 *Open a terminal window by pressing Ctrl+Alt+t
 *Now type: iwconfig and press Enter

‘iwconfig’ will then list all the available wireless devices connected to your system.

Step 2 – Turning Power Management off

 *Type: sudo iwconfig wlan0 power off – This disables the wi-fi power management

Step 3 - will show us how to make this fix permanent by firstly moving to another directory and then editing or creating (if it doesn’t exist already) the file /etc/pm/power.d/wireless

Step 3 –  Making the fix permanent – Moving to /etc/pm/power.d directory

We must now move to the directory/etc/pm/power.d we do this by typing the command below into the terminal (see image below)- Note, if the directory does not exist you must create it by typing: mkdir /etc/pm/power.d

 *Type: cd /etc/pm/power.d and press Enter

Above: Moving to the /etc/pm/power.d directory

Step 4 – Creating the wireless file in the /etc/pm/power.d directory

Once we are in /etc/pm/power.d we must create the wireless file.

 *Type: sudo pico /etc/pm/power.d/wireless  into the terminal command and press enter, this will create the wireless file and open the file for editing as a root user.

Step 5 – Add a couple of lines of code to the wireless file, save and exit and its all done !

Now that you are in /etc/pm/power.d/wireless we add two lines of code which tell Ubuntu to stop managing the power management of our wireless device, thus keeping the wi-fi power management permanently turned off (even if we shut down or restart the system)

 *Type:        #!/bin/sh

               /sbin/iwconfig wlan0 power off

Above: Add two lines of code to the file: /etc/pm/power.d/wireless

Now save and exit – note if you can’t find a save button just close the terminal window and restart your laptop/notebook. The changes will take effect. Also note that when you reboot, do it on battery power, reopen the terminal and type iwconfig’ and check that the power management for your wlan0 device reads: OFF.


I tried to install playonlinux and after that I had trouble opening Ubuntu software center and updates manager i can't open it

I would suggest deleting the file /etc/apt/sources.list.d/playonlinux.list - it's not a valid apt sources.list formatted file.


How to remotely connect to Ubuntu from Ubuntu using Remmina?

So I found the answer to my question. If you're like me a Linux noob (been running Linux for just a few months), the best approach is probably to just install a GUI on your Ubuntu Server if everything is in a terminal. If you want to do everything from a terminal, discard this but for others who want desktop, install it via Terminal.

That is what I did

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

This will install a GUI and you can install other software as needed.

For RDP from Ubuntu to Ubuntu when you have the GUI. Follow this tutorial

Install Xfce

sudo apt update
sudo apt install xfce4 xfce4-goodies xorg dbus-x11 x11-xserver-utils

Install Xrdp

sudo apt install xrdp

Configure Xrdp and then use Remmina on the machine from which you wish to connect.


If you're just configuring BIOS-type settings, and running the actual OS doesn't matter except to check stability, you could boot from a live iso (cd/dvd/usb) and not touch your "real" OS. Could even unplug the HD...

I don't know of any problems from rebooting so often, probably write a bunch of log files


Monitor displays "No VGA signal" "Check DVI cable" after installing motherboard drivers

UEFI or BIOS?
I think that windows has been installed in bios mode (using ms-dos partition table) and when you have updated the bios and then installed motherboard drivers have enabled gpt (using efi partition table) and your hardware has not been signed.  So you can not boot because you have activated a new feature which is basically doing its job in preventing os starting. (i.e. bios has changed) Have you checked bios settings to load optimal defaults files and save and exit!?  Check bios flash instructions.

Switching any installation from efi to bios or bios to efi is well recorded problem. Different motherboard manufacturers use different mechanisms to try and achieve switchability.

It should be possible to recover windows if you can get the appropriate efi/boot files in to the right place.  After reading up here http://www.ecs.com.tw/ECSWebSite/Product/Product_Detail.aspx?DetailID=1228&CategoryID=1&MenuID=103&LanID=0 you should be able to get the relative information in order to check your BIOS settings are set appropriately.
It is recommended to get bios files directly from manufacturer.

It may be worth your while to confirm which bios file you installed and which bios file is being used.  POST screen at reboot should confirm which bios version is being used.  If you do not get POST screen try doing a clrcmos to reset bios back to version as motherboard left factory with. I had to adjust settings which are hidden in bios settings(check your mobo manual)-disabling logo and adjusting delay for checking harddrive are the settings that i changed in order for me to check which bios version is being used in order to help confirm flash was good on my new mobo.

A fresh installation may also be an option after checking your BIOS settings!?

You could try booting a ubuntu 12.10 live session dvd to use boot-repair to check your current disk partition table and getting a boot info script which will point you in the right direction for getting things going.  Installing and running boot-repair recommended fix may even fix things for you to get booting again.  Using gparted (from ubuntu live cd)to make a new parttion table and edit partitions will make ready your hdd if a fresh install is decided on.(after making sure your bios settings are appropriately set but you have to decide EFI or BIOS first? - or auto!?)

One week ago i did not know what uefi was!?  Do not worry it is fixable!?You have asked in a good place!?  Just giving some friendly advice and would highly recommend you trying Ubuntu 12.10 -as this may be a good opportunity to do so!?
(Switching your hard drive to ahci (non legacy) mode may mean you need ahci drivers before ubuntu/windows does an efi install.!? Am in a similar situation as yourself just trying to encourage you to give ubuntu a try-which definetley works in bios mode lol!?)

Try starting from here https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI

Loads of good advice for similar problems in the ubuntu forums http://ubuntuforums.org/search.php?searchid=88241949


Ubuntu 16.04 won't boot when installed after Windows 10

I have finally managed to get into GRUB and boot to Ubuntu (Windows 10 works too!). Basically, I have followed this video (the part interesting for me starts about 5:50). In case of video take down, here is a text guide, detailing the procedure for the InsydeH20 Setup Utility Rev. 5.0 installed in the Acer laptop:

Get into System Set-up Utility. In an Acer laptop you might need to press F2 instead of the classical F12.
Navigate to the Security tab.
Select Select an UEFI file as trusted for executing option and hit enter.
The path you need to follow might be different but generally now you must navigate to a shimx64.efi file, in my case it was: HDD0 (enter) -> <EFI> (enter) -> <ubuntu> (enter) -> <shimx64.efi> (enter).
Give it some name (e.g. shim or EFIubuntuShim to remind you of the location).
Navigate to the Exit tab and pick Exit Saving Changes.
Now after reboot you should see the GRUB2!


I can confirm I have 2 machines, one with Ubuntu + pcmanfm installed with sudo apt-get intall pcmanfm, the other with lxde installed (which includes pcmanfm) on top of ubuntu. Is 18.04 in both occurence.
While the second one has ctrl+c or +x/+c working as expected, the first one does not (ie, the shortcut do not work and Paste is greyed out).
edit after some additional tests:
(1) I can confirm that the problem was shwing in detailed view and basically gone after switching to icons/list view, whichever.
(2) I found here : https://sourceforge.net/p/pcmanfm/bugs/1059/
an indication about using gnome-tweaks to turn off icons on desktop.
It was already off on my machine, and switching on/off did not help.
Then I played a bit with the Desk options while I was there, switching them on/off.
At this time they are all switches off AND PcmanFM is now back working as it should, including detailed mode view.
Go figure.


disable Ubuntu from thinking that there is a secondary monitor

Maybe setting the HDMI monitor off by using command xrandr --output HDMIDEVICE --off works better than using system prefs. Replace word HDMIDEVICE by the name of the HDMI output. You can probably get the name by command xrandr | grep -o '^HDMI[^ ]* in terminal.

Select the right audio output port and configuration profile in Output Devices tab and Configuration tab in pavucontrol.


I am going to autoresponder because I have continued looking and I managed to deduce how I can check if there is a defect in the allocated space of the ramdisk.

First let's create the ramdisk. In this example it will have a size of 1 GB:

sudo mkdir -p /media/ramdisk
sudo mount -t tmpfs -o size=1024M tmpfs /media/ramdisk
sudo chmod 1777 /media/ramdisk

To make the ramdisk permanently available, add it to /etc/fstab.

grep /media/ramdisk /etc/mtab | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

Once mounted, we proceed to install F3 rom the link of the official page F3 (Fight Flash Fraud) or with the command:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install f3

Assuming that they have installed it using the above command, in the terminal they should write the following and in the following order:

Write the data in the free space:

f3write /media/ramdisk

Read the test data:

f3read /media/ramdisk

And enjoy the storage in a space free of errors.

Sources consulted:

https://askubuntu.com/a/453755/889244

https://askubuntu.com/a/666926/889244


Downloading Ubuntu after downloading Windows 10

As far as I know, unless you're planning on using WUBI (which is no longer supported beyond Windows 7) you should be able to just download any of ISO files and put it on a USB stick or DVD and go from there.

I haven't tested it myself, but it should work just fine and pretty much the same as it would for Windows 8/8.1.

The biggest thing you would have to do is to make sure you have empty space to install Ubuntu on. You can do that either from within Windows or by choosing the Try Ubuntu option when you boot the LiveUSB/LiveDVD and using GParted to resize the Windows partition.

For more information about how to install Ubuntu I would suggest you look here or here. The second one may apply more to you because it's about installing Ubuntu without removing Windows.


Ubuntu 17.10, open last used window from group, when clicked in Dock

It seems that the behavior of the click action can be changed with:

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock click-action 'cycle-windows'

cycle-windows is the closest behavior to unity.

You can list other values with:

gsettings range org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock click-action


How can I succesfully merge the two partitions shown using GParted?

(1)If you delete the extended partition that is there, sda3 in your case, and reinstall it at the end of the drive you will be able to extend the windows 7 partition to use the free space. You could also do this in the other order, delete the partition, extend windows, then re install ubuntu.

(2)You might be able to just move the partitions but that will depend on where you installed grub, on the partition or on the hard disk MBR. I would burn a bootloader such as chimera to a cd in case this dosent work 100%, it will probably allow you to boot into windows/ ubuntu anyway.


Owncloud 7 Migration from Ubuntu 12.04 to 16.04

In short, yes. You should upgrade to Ubuntu 14.04 first, then upgrade again to 16.04. This is the proper way to do things.

If you have physical access to the server, you could load 16.04 on a USB drive, boot from it, and then upgrade directly.


How to get the Ubuntu-dictionary in Lubuntu?

I believe you are referring to gnome-dictionary, which you can install with:

sudo apt-get install gnome-dictionary

Refs:

http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=dictionary&searchon=names&suite=precise&section=all
http://packages.ubuntu.com/precise/gnome-dictionary


Ubuntu software center not show packages in fonts category

I ran this command, which fixed the problem:

sudo update-apt-xapian-index


Desktop crash following 18.10 to 19.04 upgrade

You probably have a GNOME extension conflict.

dash-to-dock is known to have problems in 19.04.
workspace-indicator has a problem.
Why two alt-tab extensions?

$ ls -al ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions

drwxrwxr-x 3 hbarta hbarta 4096 Apr 13 10:28 alternate-tab@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com
drwxrwxr-x 2 hbarta hbarta 4096 Jan 31 21:08 alt-tab-workspace@kwalo.net
drwxrwxr-x 4 hbarta hbarta 4096 Apr 13 10:34 custom-hot-corners@janrunx.gmail.com
drwxrwxr-x 5 hbarta hbarta 4096 Mar 27 07:45 dash-to-dock@micxgx.gmail.com
drwxrwxr-x 5 hbarta hbarta 4096 Feb  4 15:20 multi-monitors-add-on@spin83
drwxrwxr-x 4 hbarta hbarta 4096 Feb  4 15:21 window-list@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com
drwxrwxr-x 3 hbarta hbarta 4096 Apr 13 10:29 workspace-indicator@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com
drwxrwxr-x 3 hbarta hbarta 4096 Jan 30 19:23 workspace-labels@mathematical.coffee.gmail.com
drwxrwxr-x 2 hbarta hbarta 4096 Jan 30 19:20 workspace-switcher-popup-thumbnails@sustmidown.centrum.cz

Add them back one at a time to see which ones work. Restart gnome-shell between changes.


If anyone is still wondering, I had the same issue and I fixed it by choosing the 'loop' option instead of 'fuse'.


Translation - "Adding the key to the list of trusted software vendors failed"

This is probably referring to the cryptographic key for testing authenticity of the software to download. So I will go with a translation to something that can unlock doors.


Terminal/Application links don't open in browser

To open links from the terminal in firefox use firefox command :

firefox "URL"

See man firefox for more options.

In general, to open files or links in their default software use the gio (Gnome Input/output) utility :

gio open "URL"

This will open the URL in the default browser. If the URL is a local file's location, it opens it in its default software.

See man gio for more options.


This can be done with the Xenial Xerus FFmpeg with 2 possible issues:

Without modification the Xenial FFmpeg does not have access to the very best aac encoder (libfdk_aac)
You will have to test to see if your particular tags are copied across, I cannot find such tags in the wild to test myself. FFmpeg by default will copy all tags...

First download FFmpeg:

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg libavcodec-extra

Change to a directory of your ogg files and run the following:

mkdir aac && \
for j in *.ogg
do
ffmpeg -i "$j" -vn -c:a aac -b:a 160k -strict -2 aac/"${j%.ogg}.m4a"
done

This will create a sub-directory called aac and copy the new files there...

References:

FFmpeg Wiki: AAC Encoding


Lost X Randomly (Ubuntu now only boots to terminal)

I uninstalled Guest Additions. Was able to start X after that. This is the command I used:

sudo /opt/VBoxGuestAdditions-4.2.0/uninstall

This was exactly the issue I was facing: https://www.virtualbox.org/ticket/11709


sudo apt-get install nvtv

Then alt-F2 "nvtv"
and then select monitors>overscan
and then set it to 0


Correct syntax for using chown on cmd line?

It's actually "owner:group", meaning that you have to provide a username for the first and a groupname for the second argument. Giving a username as the second argument should lead to an error if there is no group of the same name.


Gparted moved Linux partition -- no longer boots

It would appear that Grub is looking for Ubuntu in the wrong place. As the files are still there, nothing should be wiped. You will just need to fix Grub.
Fixing Grub with Boot Repair
The easiest way to do that is with "Boot Repair"
First boot into the live CD. Then install "Boot Repair" itself.
Enter these commands if you run Ubuntu 12.04
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)

For Ubuntu 14.04
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo sed 's/trusty/saucy/g' -i /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yannubuntu-boot-repair-trusty.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)

And for Ubuntu 14.10
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo sed 's/utopic/saucy/g' -i /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yannubuntu-boot-repair-utopic.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)

This will also start the program after it has been installed.
Once the GUI opens up, click on the Recommended repair. This will reinstall the Grub2 boot-loader and find your Linux partition in its new location.
The guide uses steps from this source. Read it if you want more information.
Alternatively here is how to with the terminal only.


Help with packages having unmet dependencies: libgl1-mesa-dev

I'll suggest to purge the problematic ppa:paulo-miguel-dias/pkppa PPA:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:paulo-miguel-dias/pkppa

and use packages from official repositories.


If you want to disable the text boot, you can do that. Here's how:

Open a terminal window (press Ctrl + Alt + T) and to edit the /etc/default/grub file type:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub
this should open the file. Look for the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT= and change its value to "quiet splash" so that the line would look like GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
Press Ctrl + O to save the edits, and Ctrl + X to exit the editor,
Now, run this command:

sudo update-grub


Remove many package together, if some of them not found, skip and remove others

The method is to do it with:

dpkg --r package-a package-b

I found it here: https://superuser.com/questions/518859/ignore-packages-that-are-not-currently-installed-when-using-apt-get-remove .


Cant find any VPN in Netwrok Connections, cant connect to VPN

install the packages network-manager-pptp-gnome and network-manager-gnome for GUI client, network-manager and network-manager-pptp packages are only for CLI interface.


You will not lose any boot-loader information by creating new partitions from existing ones. The boot-loader path is installed on the very first part of your hard disk. This points to the actual location of grub. As long as you do not remove grub, you will not lose access to the "installs".

This becomes tricky when there is multiple hard drives with multiple pointers. I would make it a point to specify all of your installations to use the boot-loader path on a single hard drive. That way, only one grub boot-loader is ever used.

Basically, hard drive "A" says --> grub is here on this disk. Grub says, here is the booting protocall for these installed OS's. Hard drive "B" may specify a different grub location or the same one. Keep it simple, use sda for all of your boot-loader needs.


How to get all mac addresses of the pcs connected to my wifi... from my wifi connected ubuntu?

ie. if I do arp -a -i wlan0, I get my own laptop connected, but just my laptop.

Per the link you referenced

 sudo arp-scan --interface=wlan0 --localnet

So try that, or

 sudo arp -a -i wlan0 --localnet

And see if it returns more than just your laptop.


SVN does not transfer files larger than ~512 MB (OOM Killer)

I did not figure it out. On 10th of January, all my kernels were deleted and I reinstalled the server from scratch. It now works normally. Transferring even 4000 MB files is easily possible. Memory of Apache only went up to ~400 MB.


No Applications Showing In Ubuntu 18.04. Even Search is not working

Had the same issue in 19.10. Uninstalling the communitheme theme fixed it for me

$ sudo apt remove ubuntu-communitheme-session


Ok so I solved the problem, ON MY OWN, I might add! As a Nubie I was well excited!

I found the driver name, on first installing, it asked you which driver you want the Epson one the Ubuntu one or the Standard generic driver. It comes up with its name before you press accept.

Then I remembered the terminal normally sorts stuff out or tells you what code to type or an error code to go and look for/

You experts would probably say "well duh, obviously" but coming from windows you expect the graphical interfaces to work. I typed

sudo apt-get install epson-inkjet-printer-nx420

Then went back in to Printer Configuration and selected my printer, which was showing up in a handy icon.


You have to try fully featured Snap version of OBS Studio.
sudo apt-get remove obs-studio

snap install obs-studio


Press the super key during 5 seconds. (My super key is the Windows key)


Rhythm box crashes when I plug in my iphone

I had the same problem and I tried the steps listed below and it worked great!

How to allow iOS 7 iPhone to sync? "Trust this computer" appears endlessly


`watch`, `tail`, `grep` combination in `byobu`'s `windows.tmux`

In your bashrc create an alias

alias monitor_log='tail -n 15 /var/log/syslog | grep -v -E "pattern1|pattern1"'

Your windows.tmux can be:

new-session -AD -s 'root' sudo su - ;
new-window -n log;
split-window watch dmesg | tail -15;

This will give you a bash-prompt in the second window-top split and dmesg in the bottom. And then give your favourite watch command:

watch -n 1 'tail -n 15 /var/log/syslog | grep -v -E "pattern1|pattern2"'

Not sure you can create an alias for this!

Hope this helps.


My advice won't solve all your problems, but you may find it enough. You could have only a bunch of directories in the NFS server. i.e., the Documents directory. To do so, mount your nfs server home somewhere like /media/nfs_server/home. Then change the contents of the file ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs

There you can change the Documents default dir and set it to your NFS server home:

You should have something like:

XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="$HOME/Documents"

Change it to:

XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="/media/nfs_server/home/my_login/Documents"

Replace it to where you really mount your NFS server and your real login. You could even try something like: /media/nfs_server/$HOME/Documents, but it depends of your server directories.

Hope this helps.


How could I configure and properly create a WiFi hotspot in a big corporate lan?

if your wireless card supports Station (aka "infrastructure" ) mode or Access point mode (STA and AP respectively) it can be used to create a hotspot.
For more information, have a look at kernel.org's excellent documentation
The easiest command to show what you've currently got is sudo iw list | grep --after-context=5 "interface mode"
The settings you are showing are on the network level in the OSI model whereas the settings you need are on the datalink level (you need to read up and dig deeper then the stuff you already know, so I would advise you to actually buy 3 books:  W. Richard Stevens: TCP/IP Illustrated Volumes 1-3. (you know, the ones made from paper from trees)  ;-)


VS Code does not support Python out of the box like it does for example Node.js or C#. It offers syntax highlighting, indentation and very basic code-hinting, but that's it. In particular you have to make do without debugging.

On the other hand it is very flexible and quite easily extended, since it allows the definition of custom 'tasks'. In particular you may define a Run Build task, which is by default executed with Ctrl+Shift+B. (To see a list of all commands available press  Ctrl+Shift+P.)

Open a Python file and press Ctrl+Shift+B. It will open a message saying "No task runner configured". This is on Windows but looks exactly the same on Ubuntu.

Press "Configure Task Runner". It will open/create the file .vscode/tasks.json under the project folder.

Note: In versions<0.8.0 the folder is named .settings.

Replace the instructions with

{
    "version": "0.1.0",
    "command": "python",
    "args": ["${fileBasename}"],
    "showOutput": "always"
}

and save the file.

Go back to your Python file and press Ctrl+Shift+B again. It should run the code with python and show the output in an output pane. Note however, that it will not work if you're reading from stdin somewhere, as Code only displays the output, but does not allow for input.

See also:

https://www.reddit.com/r/Python/comments/34yvcm/using_visual_studio_code_with_python/
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29987840/how-to-execute-python-code-from-within-visual-studio-code

As said in the beginning, VSCode's strengths really are Node, TypeScript, C#, as it offers IntelliSense and debugging capabilities.

Personally I am very fond of JetBrains PyCharm Community Edition. It's a little memory intensive, but brings all the goodies like autocompletion, debugging, support for virtual environments, etc. to the table.


Installing CUDA consistently breaks graphics drivers (have tried multiple clean installations)

On afresh install, get the Ubuntu provided Nvidia drivers installed and working before doing the CUDA install.  After the install of the cuda-repo-ubuntu1604-9-0-local_9.0.176-1_amd64.deb,  install the Ubuntu cuda package, which gets the toolkit.

From the Dash/System Settings, under the System section, click on the "Software & Updates" icon, and check that under the "Ubuntu Software" tab, the "Proprietary drivers for devices (restricted)" is selected, then under the "Additional Drivers" tab, select the Nvidia binary driver that's tested (first one?).  Click on the "Apply Changes" button on that window, and then restart the X server, or just log out and in again.  Check the running driver with the "nvidia X server settings" icon from the dash.  Reboot just to check again, and if still running the Nvidia server, and no login problems (see many solutions here for login loops -- basically clean up old .Xauthority or .cache or .config files in your home directory) you are all set to install CUDA.


Open terminal on startup and run command

If you are using older GNOME you can add to startup something like this:

  gnome-terminal --command "/path/myscript.sh"

Just edit your startup with gnome-session-properties GUI. It should be in System -> Properties menu or Applications –> Other –> Advanced Settings or press Alt+F2 and input it there. But apparently it was deprecated and it will not work on GNOME 3...

You can try adding into your folder ~/.config/autostart a file, let's say myscript.desktop with following content:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=gnome-terminal --command "/path/myscript.sh"
Hidden=false
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true
Name=Startup Script
Comment=

Above content is actually from my own system, created by mate-session-properties GUI and it works. Only updated it for GNOME. It actually might work on other environments, you'll just need to play with some details. Adding Terminal=true with Exec=/path/myscript.sh also works and with it you don't need to know the command to start your terminal.

On MATE it's easier, because it's still got that GUI. Commands are called mate-terminal and mate-session-properties. Here's how it looks on my MATE:

I'm not familiar with Elementary OS and you didn't say which desktop environment you are using (might be Pantheon which I've never worked on), but it should not be that different.
You might need to figure out command to start your terminal and try running my-terminal --help or visit it's manpages to find proper parameter (or just try that much simpler Terminal=true solution).

And if for some reason Terminal=true doesn't work and you can't determine your terminal's commands, install XTerm:

  sudo apt-get install xterm

Its command is xterm -e "/path/myscript.sh.


At least one output file must be specified ffmpeg

Try using the command without the backslashes (\), as these may be causing issues on the command line of your shell. The backslashes are used to denote command continuation onto another line, but if you are copying and pasting, then extra tabs and spaces can get picked up. Try using the following one line example:

ffmpeg -i oceans.mov -an -c:v libx264 -r 24 -preset fast -profile:v baseline -g 64 -keyint_min 64 -b:v:0 230k -maxrate 250k -s:v:0 304x128 -x264opts pic-struct:no-scenecut -movflags frag_keyframe -f ismv oceans-250k.ismv

It is not as neatly presented in documentation, i.e. with the scroll bar, but lends itself better to copy and paste.

Your previous command, may only have been ffmpeg -i oceans.mov -an -c:v libx264 -r 24 -preset fast (with the rest after the first \ being discarded by the shell), and as that contains no filename at the end, then that is why you would have received the error message that you did.


Make sure Compiz is decorating the windows.

1) Install Compiz Settings Manager,

2) Open ccsm (Alt + F2 and type ccsm and hit Enter)

3) Got to "Effects" and check "Window Decoration":


why i couldn't connect to internet using ZTE made reliance in HSD mode?

Install their Cross platform UI deb file. And then you can set it up into HSD Mode.
You can get deb file in their CD (Virtual CD Drive which comes when connected into windows without installing drivers)


Maybe you have been trying to run UNetbootin in Wine. However you can also install UNetbootin from the Software Manager, and it should run without saying it needs extlinux and you can make an Ubuntu 14.04 live USB with a >=2GB USB flash drive by following these instructions.


Intel HD & Ubuntu 12.10 = unknown. Tried SNA enable & PPA add

Installed mesa-utils with apt-get and all is good now.


How do I listen to radio hidden in flash players in audacious?

I can only answer for BoomerRadio.com in particular - they've added a page with "Internet Radio Device Links" that lists URLs that can be plugged in to various media players.

Link to that page: http://www.boomerradio.com/boomerfaq.htm

I imagined you have already used a URL sniffer/snooper to get the "Wowza" URL mentioned in your original reply.


How to disable profile name in Google Chrome?

For Chrome 44 and higher:

chrome://flags/#enable-new-profile-management no longer works, and probably won't be fixed in future too. But there is workaround:

If you want a temporary solutions (that works only for a 'session', you can start chrome from terminal with the --disable-new-avatar-menu flag as in:

google-chrome --disable-new-avatar-menu

If you want a permanent solution:

Edit your Chrome .desktop and add the parameter --disable-new-avatar-menu. So:

sudo nano /usr/share/applications/google-chrome.desktop

and edit the Exec line as follows:

Exec=/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable --disable-new-avatar-menu %U

My .desktop file for chrome looks like this:

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Google Chrome
GenericName=Web Browser
Comment=Access the Internet
Exec=/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable --disable-new-avatar-menu %U
Terminal=false
Icon=google-chrome
Type=Application
Categories=Network;WebBrowser;
MimeType=text/html;text/xml;application/xhtml_xml;image/webp;x-scheme-handler/http;x-scheme-handler/https;x-scheme-handler/$
X-Ayatana-Desktop-Shortcuts=NewWindow;NewIncognito

[NewWindow Shortcut Group]
Name=New Window
Exec=/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable
TargetEnvironment=Unity

[NewIncognito Shortcut Group]
Name=New Incognito Window
Exec=/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable --incognito
TargetEnvironment=Unity

Restart Chrome

For Chrome 43 and lower:

Copy/paste the following into the omnibox: chrome://flags/#enable-new-avatar-menu
Set the value to "Disabled"
Restart Chrome


convert wordlist.txt file[s], to make them compatible and working in goldenDict

I don't have much time on my hands right now but here's a quick overview*

Download Pyglossary from this link. Extract the archive and move the folder to a location of your choice. Make pyglossary.pyw executable and start it by double-clicking on the file.
Alternatively you can download a prepackaged older version of pyglossary on the google code project page and install it with Ubuntu-Software Center or gdebi. Because this version is quite old (dating back to 2009) your mileage may vary.

Rename your wordlist files to whatever you would like your dictionary to be called (e.g. DICTCC_EN_DE.txt)

Point Pyglossary to your file and set the input and output formats as follows:

Click apply. WARNING: Depending on the length of the word list conversion might be very memory-intensive.

Import the dictionary to GoldenDict. This as well may use a lot of system memory (building the index, etc.)

Formatting should be acceptable (not perfect but usable). For further formatting tweaks (e.g. to remove annoying gender denominations) you would have to manually edit the input file.

*: please feel free to edit this post as you see fit to add more detail. I might do so myself later.


I had the same issue on Arch Linux. I looked at my logs and found that mono has recently been upgraded from version 4.6.1.3-1 to version 4.8.0.495-1.
I was able to successfully rollback my mono package to version 4.6.1.3-1 from ALA and banshee seems to work fine now.

I'm not sure of how to do this on Ubuntu but on Arch the command is:

yaourt -S downgrader
downgrader mono

then select mono-4.6.1.3-1  (from ALA)

I tried spinning up a Ubuntu Live environment and even searching http://packages.ubuntu.com/ for the equivalent Ubuntu command but it seems mono is packaged differently under many different packages like mono-runtime or libmono and such so if a person more experienced with Ubuntu could give this person the right command for the OP.


The panel encountered a problem while loading "OAFIID:GNOME_Panel_TrashApplet" What does it mean?

Click Don't Delete. Clicking Delete will Delete it from your panel, when sometimes you may want it. I suggest checking if it is even installed by trying to add it to panel. See RIGHT CLICK Panel > Add to Panel...

If it happens again or if it is not on the list try this:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-applets


error - "need a single repository as an argument"

I think you are after this, actually:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

The quotes make the entire string you were trying to add be treated as a single argument.  This way you don't need to mess with escaping spaces (which your command didn't actually do properly which is why it all failed and gave you errors).

Note that you will still need to download the GPG key in use for the repository, as add-apt-repository is incapable of doing that for straight strings like you're adding here.


What is the difference between "cat < filename" and "cat filename"?

cat file

The cat program will open, read and close the file.

cat < file

Your shell will open the file and connect the contents to cat's stdin. cat recognizes it has no file arguments, and will read from stdin.


What is the meaning of exp9ubuntu1 suffix in Ubuntu?

This is how you break this down:

The 3.2 is the upstream version of clang that you are using and which the packages is based.
The -1 is the Debian versioning which the package was Debianized. Most packages that aren't Debianized upstream has this -# suffix.
~exp9 means Experimental build, 9 version. In this case Ubuntu imported clang from the Debian experimental branch. Those packages normally has this suffix since some patches were introduced while they were in the experimental branch that weren't applied upstream or that were cherry picked from upstream.
ubuntu1 means that the package was modified to be Ubuntu complaint, that cannot be applied upstream, or that hasn't been applied upstream.

You can see that the versions in the changelog has a value that says the branch that applied the fixes:

  clang (3.2-1~exp9ubuntu1) raring; urgency=low

  Merge with Debian; remaining changes:

  Do not build-depend on binutils-gold.
  Don't bump the epoch for raring.

  -- Matthias Klose   Thu, 18 Apr 2013 17:17:28 +0200

  clang (1:3.2-1~exp9) experimental; urgency=low

  [ Peter Michael Green ]

  Use binutils-gold only on architectures where it is actually available
  33-armhf-defaults.diff Fix defaults to use correct CPU and FPU for
  debian  armhf (Closes: #704111)
  34-powerpc-no-altivec.diff disable altivec by default on powerpc because
  debian powerpc does not require altivec (patch cherry picked from ubuntu)

  -- Sylvestre Ledru   Tue, 02 Apr 2013 19:37:22
  +0200


Problem IN piping the output of one command to other

Try using find instead of ls -R, e.g. to find all the files > 100MB in the current directory and its subdirectories and then sort them by (human readable) size and list the largest 10

find . -size +100M -exec du -hd 1 {} \; | sort -hr | head -10

or (slightly more robust)

 while read -rd $'\0' file; do du -h "$file"; done < <(find . -size +100M -print0) | sort -hr | head -10


Nautilus - sidebar menue/mounts - cannot unmount

What you see on the left side of Nautilus are your partitions. Mounted ones have the eject button beside them, unmounted ones do not. To mount the partition click on the name. Then you can navigate the folders and files.

You want to hide partitions so they don't appear in Nautilus.

Start Dash the first option on the Launcher

Type Open Disks and you will see the application Disks appear. Click on it.

A screen similar to this appears:

Left click on a Disk. Then left click on the Partition you want to hide.

Right click on the double cog (follows the Left Arrow and -) and select Edit Partition Options and this screen appears:

Uncheck the option Show in User Interface.

Clock OK and enter password to apply changes. After the next reboot Nautilus won't show the partition. Note that this doesn't erase the partition or delete any data on it.

If you need clarification please post a comment below.


How do I expand a notification bubble using the keyboard without Super + N shortcut?

Although not always natively supported, we can always make a tweak of our own and we'll create it in two parts:

Create a desktop environment mouse action automation (essentially control your mouse actions using commands).
This can be done using the xdotool, which needs to be installed first using this command:
sudo apt-get install -y xdotool

Create a custom keyboard shortcut that executes a command in Ubuntu.

If you're not familiar with this feature, this Ubuntu documentation will show you how to create a shortcut in GNOME.
For Xubuntu users this question & for Ubuntu Mate users this documentation will show you how to create shortcuts in the respective desktop environments.

Using xdotool to move your mouse position to a specific location on screen:
Sending the xdotool a mousemove command argument, followed by our desired location will cause the mouse position to move onto that point on screen:
xdotool mousemove X Y

where X is your horizontal position, and Y is your vertical position. The trick is to find where your notification appears, and choose a location that is inside the notification popup. Usually, 1000 70 is the default location, but that depends on your resolution and system settings.
How may I determine exactly where my notification appears?
You may use the notify-send command to invoke a notification!
The first argument would be the title, while the second argument is the body:
notify-send "my_title" "my_message"

Once the notification is gone, place a file or a folder in the middle of where it was, and start experimenting the xdotool command.
Whenever you're pointing over that file it will be highlighted, just as if you were hovering your mouse over it manually!
Final step - imitating a mouse hover on the notification so it expands:
If you've reached this part, you've probably noticed that the notification did not expand. That is because we also need to move our mouse a little on top of it to imitate a user's behavior of expanding it.
The solution? just use another xdotool mousemove command right after the first one was executed within the range of your notification pop up. For example:
xdotool mousemove 1000 70 && xdotool mousemove 900 70

If you see the result suites you, copy the working command and create a keyboard shortcut just as described in the link at the top of this answer.
Enjoy your new tweak!


DVD drive not detected in Ubuntu, Windows and BIOS

Well, if your optical drive can not be seen in BIOS that can mean two: it's dead or it's disconnected(or both at the same time).

Also "TO DO" list's advices could not dramatically decrease your boot up time because they are not related to such things.

Indeed two minutes sounds reasonable which makes me thin you have HDD drive in there not SDD, don't you? If so I would recommend to look at using SSD in the future if you care about performance.


What could block a port on a fresh install of 16.04?

Whatever process you have listening on 18090 is only listening on your local loopback interface. Incoming connections from other hosts on your LAN are likely hitting some other interface (e.g. the IP address on your eth0 interface), and your daemon/process isn't listening on that interface. Ergo, you will need to tell your process or daemon that is opening port 18090 to either bind to the LAN IP address or to bind to 0.0.0.0 (possibly in it's configuration).

When you can get netstat -ltn to list your LAN's IP with port 18090 OR 0.0.0.0:18090, then you can worry about firewall rules.

Additionally, if you want to 'clear' the firewall rules and be wide open, try sudo iptables -F


Add binding to fish that not auto executes the string?

To append the |less at the end of the command line it's already a default function in fish, using the Alt-p

http://fishshell.com/user_doc/index.html#editor

You can create a function to do that if you prefer:

function __fish_less
       commandline -i -- "|less"
end

bind \ey __fish_less

I'm not sure if you need to escape the | make some tests...

EDIT:

Regarding append, the commandline help say:

* -a or --append do not remove the current commandline, append the specified string at the end of it
* -i or --insert do not remove the current commandline, insert the specified string at the current cursor position
* -r or --replace remove the current commandline and replace it with the specified string (default)

So to append instead of inserting a command, I guess you should use -a


Go to https://www.7-zip.org/download.html. Download p7zip.

Extract it. Get a terminal inside the folder. Run below commands.

make
sudo make install

Then you can use 7za command which is the latest 7zip program.


Certain git commands (diff, log) require sudo priviledges

Could some of the objects in your .git got their file ownership messed up? You can try changing the ownership and try the git commands again without sudo.

sudo chown -R morten:morten .git

Also check your .git/config and ~/.gitconfig to make sure you don't have something setup for diff, log and show that requres sudo.


Upgraded from Ubuntu Studio 18.10 to 19.04. Do I need to install Backports PPA?

No, you don't need to, but if you want you can.

In UbuntuStudio 18.04 it is neccessary to have this ppa installed to extend the support period to 3 years, 18.04 came with a support period of only 9 month, contrary to the normal LTS support period of 3 years.

The support period of 19.04 is 9 month and is not going to be extended, it's not an LTS release.

You can take a look at the ppa to see which packages this repository contains.


You need to install the ubuntu-device-flash package.
Add PPAs
The SDK PPA provides additional tools needed to install Ubuntu for devices.
On your computer, press Ctrl+Alt+T to start a terminal.
Add the Ubuntu SDK Release PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-sdk-team/ppa

Update your system to use the latest packages:

sudo apt-get update

Install the ubuntu-device-flash package

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-device-flash

Install phablet-tools package

 sudo apt-get install phablet-tools

List its tools with:

dpkg -L phablet-tools | grep bin

Installing ubuntu-device-flash also adds two important Android tools you frequently use: adb and fastboot.
Install Ubuntu on device

  Power the device off with the Power button.

  Reboot into the bootloader by pressing the correct physical button combination for your device type as shown here: https://source.android.com/source/building-devices.html#booting-into-fastboot-mode

  Install Ubuntu using your selected channel, in this case we use the devel channel:

  Wait until the reboot is done. In most cases no input from you is required.

  Upgrading Ubuntu
  Upgrading automatically

After installing Ubuntu, upgrades to newly released images and apps are automatically provided through Settings → Updates.


Messed ATI drivers and cannot start ubuntu desktop properly

Press ctrl+alt+F1 to enter tty1 console and login.

Run the following commands

sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx fglrx-amdcccle fglrx-dev

sudo apt-get remove --purge xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-radeon

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-ati

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dri xserver-xorg-core

sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup

sudo rm -rf /etc/ati


How to exclude the Fluxbox taskbar from Compton (shadowing)?

You can use the 'role' rule.
Look how is mine:

shadow-exclude =
[
  "name = 'Notification'",
  "class_g = 'Conky'",
  "class_g ?= 'Notify-osd'",
  "class_g = 'Cairo-clock'",
  "role = 'fluxbox-toolbar'",
  "_GTK_FRAME_EXTENTS@:c"
];


How do I run a graphical application in a virtual console besides ?

The "graphical virtual console" you want is an X server instance. You can start a new one as root with

$ X :1


Does root ownership and exclusive access imply encryption?

is this file encrypted?

No. The file is still what the file is. If someone reboots into a live session the file is visible by ANY user that does the reboot. Same if someone takes out the harddisc and mounts it into another system where they are admin.

An encrypted file would be inaccessible however the method you would use.

All -rw-------  1 root   root does is make a file readable and writable by a user "root" and not by the group "root" and not by "others". Pretty strict but not good enough if you never want someone to pry into it.

The ONLY working method to prevent access by anyone on a system is not storing the file on that system.


First try the fix-missing feature

sudo apt upgrade --fix-missing

Second, try to install headers from the command line:

Maybe you just need these specific headers (linux-headers-4.4.0-98-generic):

sudo apt install linux-headers-4.4.0-98-generic

If that doesn't work, see what kernel type you are using (generic, lowlatency, etc.):

uname -r

This will return something like "4.15.0-30-generic" or "4.15.0-30-lowlatency". Install/Reinstall the headers that correspond to your kernel type. Eg if it is the generic kernel (most likely):

sudo apt install --reinstall linux-headers-generic

This will cause the current headers for your current kernel to be automatically installed and upgraded.

If above doesn't work, try the following:

Update to latest kernel:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

Reboot to ensure you are using latest kernel.

Purge out old headers and removed unused apps/kernels:

sudo apt remove --purge linux-headers-*
sudo apt autoremove && sudo apt autoclean

Reinstall the headers:

sudo apt install linux-headers-generic


Will new ubuntu install be able to read/write to software raid 5 array created by a previous install?

Yes to both questions. You'll need to activate the md on the fresh install, but that's easy: sudo mdadm --assemble --scan. Then you'll be able to mount the filesystems as usual. You may need to install the mdadm package. It should work on any GNU/Linux system.


ffmpeg command working from command line but not in bash script

Add the -nostdin global option to ffmpeg:

ffmpeg -nostdin -i "$input" "$output"

This will keep ffmpeg from interfering with the stdin for the read statement and keeping the loop from working properly. This is the main problem.

You can simplify the script with parameter expansion:

#!/bin/bash
DIR="/home/fn/audio"
inotifywait -m -r --format '%w%f' -e create "$DIR" | while read -r FILE
do
    ffmpeg -nostdin -i "$FILE" "${FILE%.*}.mp3"
done


In vimrc, how can I chain multiple instructions in one Leader command

Vim uses | to chain ex commands. From :h cmdline-lines:

                                                        :bar :\bar
'|' can be used to separate commands, so you can give multiple commands in one
line.  If you want to use '|' in an argument, precede it with '\'.

These commands see the '|' as their argument, and can therefore not be
followed by another Vim command:

This is followed by a list of commands, which does not include :map or its variants. So, you'll need to use \|.  Further down the help is a note about :map, which leads to :h map_bar:

                                                        map_bar map-bar
Since the '|' character is used to separate a map command from the next
command, you will have to do something special to include  a '|' in {rhs}.
There are three methods:
   use       works when                    example
   <Bar>     '<' is not in 'cpoptions'     :map _l :!ls <Bar> more^M
   \|        'b' is not in 'cpoptions'     :map _l :!ls \| more^M
   ^V|       always, in Vim and Vi         :map _l :!ls ^V| more^M

(here ^V stands for CTRL-V; to get one CTRL-V you have to type it twice; you
cannot use the <> notation "<C-V>" here).

All three work when you use the default setting for 'cpoptions'.

So, assuming you haven't modified cpoptions:

map <Leader>c :GitGutterToggle <bar> :set invnumber<CR>

Note that you should use noremap (and the more specific nnoremap, vnoremap, etc.) map commands so that you don't surprised by your mappings.


I have been suffering freezes on my Acer E5-511 ever since 15.10, and upgraded to 16.04 2 weeks ago in the hope it would go away, but the problems continued, freeze every 10-30 min max ( and usually when moving the mouse strangely!).

I finally tried this 3 days ago  in /etc/default/grub

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux i8042.nopnp intel_idle.max_cstate=0 processor.max_cstate=1"

and have so far been crash free

Updated by OP

The single required option is intel_idle.max_cstate=2 so the necessary modification of /etc/default/grub is:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash intel_idle.max_cstate=2"

Perhaps the Acer Aspire E11 hardware is buggy, unable to wake up CPU from idle states higher than C2.


"Error: invalid signature" on Windows after attempting to delete Ubuntu partition and GRUB - how can I restore Windows' boot loader?

Create a windows installation disk and use it to restore the windows boot loader. You should choose to repair system option. Then, start command prompt. and type the following commands:
c:\

bootrec /fixmbr

bootrec /fixboot

bootrec /scanos

bootrec /rebuildbcd

The third command may ask you if you want to add the entries, you should select yes. This should rebuild the windows boot loader. Then turn off the computer. go to firmware settings (BIOS settings), put windows boot manager above grub.

Then start your pc and go to windows from windows boot manager. Now, follow the following steps:

Press Win+R keys
Type diskmgmt.msc and press enter.
Identify your linux partition from the disk management utility and delete that partition.
Now open command prompt with administrative privileges and enter the following commands
mountvol s: /S
s:
cd EFI
rmdir \S ubuntu

This will delete the ubuntu folder from ESP(EFI System Partition). Now restart your computer to verify that the ubuntu entry is gone from windows boot manager.

If the entry is still there o you get stuck at some point, comment below I will be happy to help. If the answer helps you then mark it as solution and upvote it please.


Why is "libunity-scopes-json-def-desktop" part of non-Unity flavors in 13.10?

It is not just libunity-scopes-json-def-desktop. There are other Unity-related packages as well. I looked at /var/log/apt/history.log and found:

gir1.2-unity-5.0                  GObject introspection data for the Unity library
libunity-protocol-private0        binding to get places into the launcher - private library
libunity-scopes-json-def-desktop  binding to get places into the launcher - desktop def file
libunity9                         binding to get places into the launcher - shared library

Looking at the output ofapt-cache showpkg libunity9, for example, shows that several common, "cross-environment" packages such as deja-dup, empathy, evolution, psensor, and thunderbird,  carry libunity9 as a dependency. And libunity9 has some of the Unity packages listed above as dependencies.

In other words, having these Unity packages present in a non-Unity desktop is quite understandable.


I found the solution to my problem. It was as simple as pcie_aspm=off.