move files from its current directory into subdirectory

I'm assuming that because your original find command contains a -prune (albeit misplaced) that you also have to handle the case where some of the .json files are already inside JSON subdirectories and should not be moved into JSON/JSON subdirectories.

Therefore you want to (1) skip files that are already in a JSON subdirectory and (2) create JSON subdirectories where required. So

find . -type f -name '*.json' ! -path '*/JSON/*.json' -execdir sh -c '
        mkdir -p ./JSON
        for f; do
          mv -vt ./JSON/ "$f"
        done
      ' find-sh {} +

Ex. given:

$ tree subdirectory-*
subdirectory-A
├── 1.json
├── 1.mp4
├── 2.json
├── 2.mp4
├── 3.json
└── 3.mp4
subdirectory-B
└── subdirectory-C
    ├── 1.json
    ├── 1.mp4
    ├── 2.mp4
    ├── 3.json
    ├── 3.mp4
    └── JSON
        └── 2.json

2 directories, 12 files

then

$ find . -type f -name '*.json' ! -path '*/JSON/*.json' -execdir sh -c '
    mkdir -p ./JSON
    for f; do
      mv -vt ./JSON/ "$f"
    done
  ' find-sh {} +
renamed './1.json' -> './JSON/1.json'
renamed './3.json' -> './JSON/3.json'
renamed './nodes.json' -> './JSON/nodes.json'
renamed './test.json' -> './JSON/test.json'
renamed './test2.json' -> './JSON/test2.json'
renamed './file.json' -> './JSON/file.json'
renamed './data.json' -> './JSON/data.json'
renamed './1.json' -> './JSON/1.json'
renamed './2.json' -> './JSON/2.json'
renamed './3.json' -> './JSON/3.json'

resulting in

$ tree subdirectory-*
subdirectory-A
├── 1.mp4
├── 2.mp4
├── 3.mp4
└── JSON
    ├── 1.json
    ├── 2.json
    └── 3.json
subdirectory-B
└── subdirectory-C
    ├── 1.mp4
    ├── 2.mp4
    ├── 3.mp4
    └── JSON
        ├── 1.json
        ├── 2.json
        └── 3.json

3 directories, 12 files

You can remove the -v flag from mv (which is only there for illustrative purposes).


Notes showing in Tomboy but not on Ubuntu One - can't delete

You have edited template notes as if they were regular notes.  Template notes are hidden from the main UI and cannot be deleted.  Ubuntu One used to show them (bug), which is probably how you got into this situation.

You should delete the .note files for the template notes that are bothering you.  lepe pointed out the note directory.  Just make sure to delete these files while Tomboy is not running.

FWIW, we are working on making template notes a little more obvious and a lot more flexible, as you're not the first person to run into this problem.


Latest Ubuntu that supports my graphics card?

Your graphics card is listed as supported by the Nvidia proprietary driver version 304. As far as I know, this driver is available to all Ubuntu versions since 12.04.

If you cannot install Ubuntu itself, try "nomodeset" as has been suggested. In order to do that, when the installer starts up you either have a menu pop-up or you have a keyboard icon at the bottom letting you press a key to bring the menu up (depending on the version you have).

From within the menu, you have the option of "Trying without installing", actually "Installing", and a few other ones. Depending which specific version you have, setting "nomodset" can be done 2 ways. There's a "kernel parameters" line, get to it by pressing one of the F-keys and type "nomodeset" just before you see "splash" or "no splash". An alternative is to use a menu (F6 on most versions), highlight "nomodeset" and press space or enter.

"Trying without installing" is clunky with an older graphics card, your best bet is to actually install. Be advised that Nvidia support for older cards is a hair-pulling experience.

Once you have Ubuntu installed, you have 2 choices for drivers with nvidia cards. Package "nouveau" tends to be your best bet for Nvidia cards, but nouveau needs modeset, and if your system won't boot unless you use nomodeset, nouveau won't work for you. Try installing package "nvidia-304" or "nvidia-304-updates".


recovery ntfs file from previuse partitions

Possibly, but very unlikely. Even if you do, you will recover files, not their names or directory structures. So, thousands of files "111" "112" "113" so on. Do you need them? If yes, there is a lot of disk recovery software for Windows (just don't install Windows on that disk again)
The only exception is if you had a separate disk letter in Windows for your data and C disk was larger that the amount of files Ubuntu did write. In this case you should bring you HDD to a professional, this is not an operation that can be briefly explained. He may be able to restore your data intact.


Unbuntu apt-get update always could not get lock because its held by process xxxx?

That's being caused by the unattended-upgrades... it is not a "problem" per se.... I would not be "killing it".. no telling where it was in the process when you did that.... you're basically giving it a power outage during an update. With that said, if you have been doing that all along, this is probably self-inflicted because the updates could be just never finishing...and compounding.
But, if you want to try to make it wait until some other time, like never directly after you boot... You can look into the parameters that you can add to the configs that can vary the timing of the updates.
I have not worked with these myself so I haven't seen them function, and judging by the mixed results across the internet, they may have some nuances, so you'll have to experiment.
Reference man systemd.timer for the attributes.
I'd start with the OnBootSec setting, in from what I can tell, the daily timer and the daily upgrade timer.
the scheduling of those is visible in:
/lib/systemd/system/apt-daily.timer
/lib/systemd/system/apt-daily-upgrade.timer
Apparently you don't edit those, you use:
sudo systemctl edit apt-daily.timer
sudo systemctl edit apt-daily-upgrade.timer
... and an /etc/systemd/system/apt-daily.XXXXX.d/override.conf file is created where you can customize timer settings.
I would try testing with something like
[Timer]
OnBootSec=60min
RandomizedDelaySec=2h

According to the man page, this should add an additional random delay of up to 2 hours before it starts, 60 minutes after boot... There are a lot of timing settings to play with.
Save the edit to the override file(s).
reboot the machine or try restarting the services
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart apt-daily.service
sudo systemctl restart apt-daily-upgrade.service
Reboot is probably better to test the behavior.
Or....do nothing and just wait until the updates finish.


Wireless doesn't work on an HP Pavillion DV6000 with an Intel 3945abg

The interesting part of the trace is this:

iwl3945 0000:0b:00.0: Card state received: HW:Kill SW:On

As you also indicated - your rfkill list all results show no hardware/software kill switch issues.

I found this very similar report.

The suggestion was to replace network-manager with wicd (search in software center/synaptic).

There is a bug report for your card on launchpad.

The last entry in the bug report looks promising:

Create a file named config in /etc/pm/config.d/, by doing this:

gksudo gedit /etc/pm/config.d/config

Add this line:

SUSPEND_MODULES="iwl3945".

Save and reboot.


Using a Mac OSX *.keyboard layout specification on Ubuntu 11.10

So the short answer is, "no." The feature you are asking for does not exist.

The XML format you mentioned was introduced in Jaguar and while they published the DTD, that format is specific to Apple. I was not able to find any mention whatsoever of any other operating system importing this XML keyboard format, probably because generally most operating systems come with their own extensive database of keyboard layouts. There are  Dvorak layouts bundled with Linux, though they may not be tweaked how your friend tweaked his.

Having said that, if certain features of the layout are important to you, you could try making your own keymap with this tutorial.

I hope this helps.


How to install realtime kernel on Ubuntu Live USB

Installing the new kernel is straightforward, but using it is the problem.  The default kernel is already in use by the time you can start doing anything interesting.  The new ISOs have filesystem ISO9660, so you cannot easily modify them (like putting in a new kernel).  An easy workaround is possible for UEFI machines using grub to boot -- put a FAT32 filesystem on your target, and just copy the contents of the ISO there.  Then modify the grub boot command to eliminate the preseed business (because the FAT filesystem cannot have the "ubuntu" link).

Just copying all the files from the ISO to a FAT filesystem, would result in a working UEFI boot, but the missing link capability results in kernel arguments like "file="/cdrom/preseed/..." which do not name existing files. Replace the /cdrom... with the below after the boot=casper item:

persistent live-media-path=/casper/   ignore_uuid

Try with the existing kernel first, then replace it with the new one.


Changing which monitor/desktop files download to

On say Google chrome you can change the place where you would download files. Say you have a file called downloads on the right monitor you can change the place to /desktop/downloads. If you are using any internet browser there is a settings which may have where your downloads folder is. Hope I helped.

Edit: This is not a mundane question as there is no such thing as a boring small question. Never think that. As everyones thoughts are important.


You can create a custom lightdm configuration file, and set the greeter-setup-script option to the command you want to run. This is a one-liner for creating such a file:

sudo sh -c 'printf "[Seat:*]\ngreeter-setup-script=xset led on\n" >/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-kb-backlight.conf'

Edit:

If you don't have an updated Ubuntu 16.04, you may need to create the /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d directory before running the above command:

sudo mkdir /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d


Install the Compizconfig Settings Manager with

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager.

Then open it and find the "General Options" page (it should be near the top). One of the tabs should be "Desktop Size". Here you can choose the number of desktops for each row and column.

How can I configure Unity?


How is it possible to get two different md5 hash results for the same string?

The reason is the -n you have with echo:
md5sum <<< 'hello world'
6f5902ac237024bdd0c176cb93063dc4  -

vs.
echo 'hello world' | md5sum
6f5902ac237024bdd0c176cb93063dc4  -

When -n is used, a newline is not appended to the end of 'hello world'.


sudo apt-get install preload

This does cool stuff to enhance performance.

Write this stuff down first

Once on proprietary driver -> Go to nvidia.com.
download and install the latest Linux driver -> (X will have to be off)

  sudo service lightdm -stop

That will kill X.
Navigate to Download directory and run

  sudo ./NVIDIAxxxxxxxx.sh

That should should would.
enable IOMMU in bios for 64bit/32bit support goodies.


Wired connection unmanaged - ubuntu 18.04 (common solution does not work)

After some more digging I found out the answer here: https://superuser.com/questions/1429490/unmanaged-network-manager-in-ubuntu
Creating this empty file fixes the problem:
/etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/10-globally-managed-devices.conf
I have no clue why though.


Usually this error is harmless. If you still want to recreate /var/lib/dpkg/available with the contents, open a terminal and type:

sudo touch /var/lib/dpkg/available
sudo sh -c 'for i in /var/lib/apt/lists/*_Packages; do dpkg --merge-avail "$i"; done'

From man dpkg:

--merge-avail

    With  action  --merge-avail,  old   information   is  combined   with  information  from  Packages-file


Polari connect to bouncer with custom port

You can use the mc-tool (Mission Control accounts tool) to manage Telepathy Idle accounts. Idle is the name of the IRC plug-in for the Telepathy framework used by Polari. This command should be available from the terminal window.

Create an account setting for your server, e.g.:

mc-tool add idle/irc SomeCoolNet string:account=mynickname string:server=irc.domain.tld

Replace irc.domain.tld with your own ZNC server domain. Replace SomeCoolNet with your desired display network name (as visible in the Polari network list on the sidebar).

Then for that mynickname account, it will create a mangled name, usually idle/irc/mynickname0. Then:

mc-tool list

Should display the list of Telepathy accounts to get the mangled name you need for the next step. Finally:

mc-tool update idle/irc/mynickname0 string:username=mynickname/mynetwork string:password=myzncpassword bool:use-ssl=true uint:port=6697 bool:password-prompt=false

Here replace idle/irc/mynickname0 if needed. The username is the usual username/network in ZNC, replace it with your own. And finally, replace the custom port from the example from 6697 to something else. If you don't use SSL (you should!), remove the bool:use-ssl=true.

After this, remember to quit Polari with Control+Q, not closing the window, as it could continue running on background. After reopening it, it should display the new network. It could need to require connect/reconnect the first time.


Print large pdf page as multiple tiles with small overlap and index marks

I finally used a combination of pdfposter and latex that is described here. Basically, the pdf is first tiled, and the tiles then printed at 1:1 scales on a larger sheet of paper, with crop marks added using the LaTeX crop package. This works well, especially when automated with a wrapper script.
But maybe there are more out-of-the-box solutions?


how to trigger an action when a window is opened

From your description, you seem to require checking window titles, not necessarily program type.  Here's a script that does that. It requires wmctrl so be sure to install it with sudo apt-get intall wmctrl

Adjust the TRIGGERTITLE and the commands after if statement as needed.

#!/bin/bash

TRIGGERTITLE="enter title to search for"

while [ 1 ];do
   wmctrl -lx | grep -q "$TRIGGERTITLE"
   if [  $? -eq 0 ]; then
       # put one or more commands of what you wanna do if the title is found
     exit 1  # make sure you exit the script once the window is found, because
             # it will keep on doing stuff, if sending email - it will keep spamming
             # emails
   fi
sleep 0.250 # delay, so that the script doesn't hoag CPU
done


How to have up to date software and more open source software in the Software Centre?

You can search in Personal Package Archives (PPA) the package you want to have up to date.

Personal Package Archives for Ubuntu

just enter the program to search and it will show all associated ppa with this program. (exam. banshee)

There are three steps to what you must be to run:

add-apt-repository: adds a PPA to your list of sources, so that Ubuntu knows to look for updates from that PPA as well as from the official Ubuntu sources. Usually this is used to allow developers to provide updates more quickly than those in the official Ubuntu repositories.
apt-get update tells apt-get to update its database of what packages can be installed and where to install them from.
apt-get install causes apt-get to find the package in its database and download and install the indicated file.
sudo ppa-purge ppa: deletes a PPA to your list of sources.

What are PPAs and how do I use them?

Now you can have Up to date software and view it in software center.


Problem in system update; failed install and removal of software packages

Package gdk-pixbuf-psd wants to put a file in directory /usr/lib/gtk-2.0/2.10.0/loader-files.d but there is no such directory.
I suggest you create it with the command sudo mkdir -p /usr/lib/gtk-2.0/2.10.0/loader-files.d and then try sudo apt-get autoremove again.
If this fixes your problem please consider filing a bug report for that package.


Is there a command to recall last command for editing with memory of cursor position?

I'm not aware of any such shortcut, but if you just want to change the first occurrence of 18 in that line, you can use history interaction:

^18^something-else

For example:

$ ls 18
ls: cannot access '18': No such file or directory
$ ^18^2003^
ls 2003
ls: cannot access '2003': No such file or directory
$ ^2003^a b^
ls a b
ls: cannot access 'a': No such file or directory
ls: cannot access 'b': No such file or directory


logitech unifying receiver works intermittently on ubuntu 16.04

Create this little script called /usr/local/bin/reset_logitech:

#!/bin/bash
modprobe -r hid_logitech_dj
modprobe    hid_logitech_dj

Make it executable:

sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/reset_logitech

The next time your keyboard and mouse aren't working (assuming you have a second one that is working) type:

sudo reset_logitech

If this works reliably add it to your boot setup:

How to run scripts on start up?


Ubuntu 18.04 with nvidia-390 - user sessions not starting

Check https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-graphics-drivers-390/+bug/1773113

Currently there is no solution but I've just posted a suggestion that needs verifying, try creating a file with these lines:

$ cat /etc/modprobe.d/zz-nvidia.conf
options nvidia_390_drm modeset=1
options nvidia_drm modeset=1


How to revert to a previous xserver-xorg-video-intel driver?

You can use apt-mark hold to prevent a specific package from upgrading to a newer version.

Run the following commands install the version and to hold the package so that it doesn't upgrade:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-intel=2:2.99.914~1~exp1ubuntu4.3~trusty1
sudo apt-mark hold xserver-xorg-video-intel=2:2.99.914~1~exp1ubuntu4.3~trusty1

To revert this, run the following command:

sudo apt-mark unhold xserver-xorg-video-intel=2:2.99.914~1~exp1ubuntu4.3~trusty1


Why left Altr key is not working in Ubuntu?

You can make Left Alt work the same way as Right Alt by running this command:

setxkbmap -option lv3:lalt_switch

But then you'll no longer have access to many shortcuts, so you need to decide which is most important to you.

To change it back you can run:

setxkbmap -option

(or relogin/reboot).


There seems to be no function to remove the complete thread.

But you can select any message in this thread and press ctrl+h to select the complete thread. Now you can delete all selected messages.

Tip: shift+ctrl+h only selects the subthread of your current message.


"VERR_SUPLIB_WORLD_WRITABLE" error when trying to installing OS in virtualbox

Seems to be a problem related to the disk permissions settings https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?f=8&t=40525

From the above link

  Had the exact same problem& ran Repair Disc Permissions. After this tried again to open Virtual Box. Then received message including option to download & install Virtual Box Extension Pack. Went to http://www.virtualbox.com, downloaded Oracle VM Virtual Box 4.0.6 Extension Pack (ALL PLATFORMS), installed same and Virtual Box again opens and operates correctly.


This has happened a couple of times with that specific package (Still don't know why). I would recommend going to the Skype Download page for the Ubuntu package and you can install it from there on.

For what I can tell it has problems with some libraries depending on the arch type (32 Bit or 64 Bit). But the package in the Skype Download side works correctly for both.


How to remove old iBus keyboard input menu items

I have the exact the same problem, but I solved this issue....

First , in the new Ubuntu 16.04, you need to install the dconf editor,
you can do this by entering :

sudo apt-get install dconf-editor

Second, once the software installed, open it and then go to "org.gnome.desktop.input-sources"

on the "sources" you will see something like this.

[('xkb', 'us'), ('ibus', 'anthy'), ('ibus', 'cantonhk'), ('ibus', 'quick-classic'), ('ibus', 'table:cantonhk')]

(my problem is the 2nd one, "cantonhk" and "quick-classic", like your issue occured)

Third, click on that line and delete the item your have problem....
my ones then becomes....

[('xkb', 'us'), ('ibus', 'anthy'), ('ibus', 'table:cantonhk')]

Finally, close the editor and reboot the machine....

Then you will get out of this issue.

Hope this helps...


You need to enable user list and then you can switch user on the login screen.
Please read this carefully and try to reverse the process http://www.webupd8.org/2014/08/lightdm-how-to-disable-user-list-or.html

Sorry, I cant find matched scenario. This is the close one..


Microphone only working for one Ubuntu user in Skype

"The microphone works well in other apps, but only silence in Skype (though I can hear the other side just fine). But the Skype recording does seem to transmit system sounds (Skype notification sounds are recorded/transmitted)."

So your problem is that skype is recording from the monitor source of your sound card and not from the microphone. To solve this install pavucontrol:

sudo apt-get install pavucontrol

then launch it and go to the Recording tab. Now initiate a test call in Skype. Skype will show up in the recording tab and it is likely recording from a monitor, like in this screenshot:

Change it to record from your proper input source, e.g. see this screenshot:

Pulseaudio should remember your choice, so next time you won't have to go into pavucontrol.


Problem with pulse audio with ntfs partition

It isn't a good idea to have your home folder on an ntfs partition, since the ntfs file system lacks some features that have been around since the earliest installments of unix.

In rough detail every program that needs to create a unix-domain-socket (a file-system based fifo or pipe) in your home folder will utterly fail on ntfs. You can hunt down each of these programs and check if it is possible to configure them to use some other folder instead, but this is most likely a tedious task.

What you can do however is to mount the ntfs partition inside your home folder or hardlink any subfolder of it to have every music, video and document in it and happily share it with windows.

Your fstab for example may look like this (assuming Windows 7)

/dev/sda7 /media/seven ntfs-3g utf8,umask=000,uid=1000,gid=1000 0 0
/media/seven/users/throoze/Music /home/throoze/Music none rw,bind 0 0

This way, you get rid of a lot of cruft which isn't any good and is easily tampered in each other system.

Note that the last '1' in your fstab should be substituted with '0', since fsck.ntfs is mostly useless.


Is 12.10 in Sync with Nvidia packages in PPA X-Swat

I don't know when you were on the site, but now, it lists quantal too.

The package versions for the nvidia drivers in the PPA are not the same as in the standard repositories (and oddly enough they've got other package names).


Permission denied error when compiling fortran code in Netbeans 7.3.1 on ubuntu linux 12.04.2

Normally for a script to be executed, apart from script's execute permission, all the parent directories of that script from the root (/) should have execute permission. See below for an example.

~$ ls -ltrh | grep Temp
dr-xr-xr-x  2 thefourtheye thefourtheye 4.0K Jun 20 08:53 Temp

~$ chmod 666 Temp

~$ ls -ltrh | grep Temp
drw-rw-rw-  2 thefourtheye thefourtheye 4.0K Jun 20 08:53 Temp

~$ Temp/TestIP.sh
bash: Temp/TestIP.sh: Permission denied

~$ chmod 755 Temp

~$ ls -ltrh | grep Temp
drwxr-xr-x  2 thefourtheye thefourtheye 4.0K Jun 20 08:53 Temp

~$ Temp/TestIP.sh
Your IP Address   : 10.0.2.15
Your N/W Mask     : 255.255.255.0
Your N/W Address  : 10 0 2 0
IPs to be Checked : 4060477953
^C


Ubuntu doesn't boot after UEFI installation

I solved by pressing e in grub and writing nomodeset before splash and then I could boot with the live USB. I could install it although the boot partition was not correctly linked in the BIOS. I solved this last problem with Boot repair.


Either

awk 'NF<=2 || /Jul/ {next} {print}'

or

awk 'NR==1 || /Jul/ {next} {print}'

or, inverting the logic to shorten the commands, either

awk 'NF>2 && !/Jul/ {print}'

or

awk 'NR!=1 && !/Jul/ {print}'

~$ cat input
first line
Gen second third
Feb second third
Mar second third
Apr second third
May second third
Jun second third
Jul second third
Aug second third
Sep second third
Oct second third
Nov second third
Dec second third
~$ awk 'NF<=2 || /Jul/ {next} {print}' input
Gen second third
Feb second third
Mar second third
Apr second third
May second third
Jun second third
Aug second third
Sep second third
Oct second third
Nov second third
Dec second third
~$ awk 'NR==1 || /Jul/ {next} {print}' input
Gen second third
Feb second third
Mar second third
Apr second third
May second third
Jun second third
Aug second third
Sep second third
Oct second third
Nov second third
Dec second third


How to uninstall a package installed from snapcraft?

sudo snap remove pwgen-tyhicks

From documentation:

  Prior to removal (except on Ubuntu Core systems), a snap’s internal user, system, and configuration data is saved as a snapshot (snapd 2.39+), and retained for 31 days. A snapshot can be used to restore the state of your snap upon reinstallation.


Cannot install mysql on Ubuntu 17.10 Gnome 3.26.2

The mysql service is allready running on your system.
try

sudo service mysql stop

or read this: How do I start/stop mysql server?

after that, you should check which version of mysql is installed and see if you actually need a different version.


I think you can install directly the 13.04 version, only dont format the Home partition (if you have it isolated)

if not when you obtain console access try with:

startx

that will launch the graphical interface


Go to dash, then find (just type) startup programs and lauch it. It will bring the list with your startup programs. Find something called mount assistant and if it is not checked, check it and restart ubuntu.

You can paste this in terminal to see your full autostart:

  sudo sed -i "s/NoDisplay=true/NoDisplay=false/g" /etc/xdg/autostart/*.desktop

and then start again startup programs


Python script won't write data when ran from cron

Check log files grep -i cron /var/log/syslog
Add an empty line to the end of the crontab, This has been a known bug for ages, not sure if it is solved.
Remove the 2>&1 from the command line until it works as designed. Any usefull errors are redirected to a file that is not created; effectively lost.
Check if root received mail (eg. using mutt or in /var/spool/mail). Error messages from cron are sent to system email by default.

Also:

Reconsider the 777 permissions as soon as possible. When running from root, 755 root:root should be sufficient to be able to check the logs from unprivileged user)
Reconsider running the script from root, it is bad practise.


Is enabling TRIM on an encrypted SSD a security risk?

The warning just want to say, that if you enable the discard option, the firmware of your SSD will zero out the unused blocks on your drive. And these zeroed blocks can be easily identified and analyzed for a pattern.

Obviously the zeroed blocks will show the attacker the unused space and because of that he will know what is the used space. So if he want to crack the encryption he will have to deal with a smaller encrypted data, because he won't care about the unused blocks. And from the pattern of the unused blocks the attacker may be able to guess the filesystem type and the filesystem parameters, which may help him in cracking the encryption.

I'm not a cryptographer nor a cryptoanalyst but these informations are likely just a minimal help for the attacker. I think the warning is just there because in cryptology every minimal leaked information about the encrypted data can lead to the break of the encryption. So the authors of this encrypting software wanted to inform you that you have better security without enabling that feature, but how much better is not really known, because we can't know how much these leaked information help the attacker in breaking of the encryption. Obviously if the authors thought that the enabling of this feature would lead to a bigger than minimal risk for the encryption then this feature wouldn't be present in the software.

If you want to know more about this topic I advise you to read this article from Milan Broz and the comments on that page which also contain some good links. From that good article I paste here his conclusions:

  If there is a strong requirement that information about unused sectors must not be available to attacker, TRIM must be always disabled.
  TRIM must not be used if there is a hidden device on the disk.
  (In this case TRIM would either erase the hidden data or reveal its position.)
  If TRIM is enabled and executed later (even only once by setting option and calling fstrim), this operation is irreversible.
  Discarded sectors are still detectable even if TRIM is disabled again.
  In specific cases (depends on data patterns) some information could leak from the ciphertext device.
  (In example above you can recognize filesystem type for example.)
  Encrypted disk cannot support functions which rely on returning zeroes of discarded sectors (even if underlying device announces such capability).
  Recovery of erased data on SSDs (especially using TRIM) requires completely new ways and tools.
  Using standard recovery tools is usually not successful.


Internet connection slowing down till stop

I believe that this might be due to some software update happening in the instance. Please check this by changing the package update settings to manual. Also install bandwidth monitoring tool and check whether any process is consuming the bandwidth for process like back ground sync


How to force a new Notification in notify-osd to show up without waiting for the earlier one to exit?

There is a patch for this bug at - https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/libnotify/+bug/257135?comments=all

@izx has made a ppa version for the patch so installation is now easy (thank you izx!)- How do I use 'notify-send' to immediately replace an existing notification?

  To install, open a terminal and:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:izx/askubuntu
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libnotify-bin

Now you should have installed a patched version of notify-send that can now replace and print id numbers, so you can use just one notification box for your shell script. The program now has -p and -r options, or the long syntax being --print-id and --replace-id

I wrote up a script based on your original that will make use of this, the starting and stopping notifications display until the stopped and started display, and it reuses the same notification box, if you have installed the patched version, make an file called config.txt and put the number 0 inside, then put that file in the same folder as your lampp.sh file.

#!/bin/sh

SERVICE='proftpd'

if ps ax | grep -v grep | grep $SERVICE > /dev/null

then
notify-send -t 0 -p -r `cat config.txt` -i /opt/lampp/htdocs/xampp/img/logo-small.gif "Stopping XAMPP ..." >config.txt && gksudo /opt/lampp/lampp stop && notify-send -r `cat config.txt` -t 5000 -i /opt/lampp/htdocs/xampp/img/logo-small.gif "XAMPP Stoped."
else
notify-send -t 0 -p -r `cat config.txt` -i /opt/lampp/htdocs/xampp/img/logo-small.gif "Starting XAMPP ..." >config.txt && gksudo /opt/lampp/lampp start && notify-send -r `cat config.txt` -t 5000 -i /opt/lampp/htdocs/xampp/img/logo-small.gif "XAMPP Started."

fi

Edit This is how it shows on mine...


That's quite interesting. The problem is the scope of the function is overriding that of the script. I can't see a simple way around that.

However, you can just pass the variables along as arguments (into the function):

function_name () {
   [[ $# == 3 ]] && echo $1 $2 $3
}

function_name $@

Or you could:

Pass $# $@, check $1, and echo $2 $3 $4
Pass $# $@, check $1, shift and then echo $1 $2 $3
Store $@ as a script-level variable and access it from within the function


Try this, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

firefox -profilemanager

When the window opens, delete the profile, and create a new one.


Running glmark2 with discrete graphics card: 60 fps cap

Try running

vblank_mode=0 optirun glmark2

Apparently there's a cap in place to limit the FPS to the refresh rate of the monitor.


graphics.h, conio.h and dos.h not working in gcc

As far as I know, graphics.h is an old obsolete Borland C++ header file for graphics in Ms DOS OS. I think the last Borland C++Builder no longer supported graphics.h. However graphics.h has been simulated for Windows. Executables made using graphics.h usually don't work in newer PCs (and laptops with Windows OS).

(Although graphics.h has simple to use graphical functions, using it is no longer recommended/supported)

Also open source C++ compilers usually do not support conio.h.

conio.h has most functionality in Borland compilers. It's also supported in MS VC++, but with less functionality. conio.h is not supported in gcc, etc.


This is impossible, because there is no Ubuntu ISO that is supported with Apple Mobile devices. If you really want to have a Ubuntu on-the-go device try Ubuntu Touch: Learn more here. Remember that Ubuntu Touch is not supported with all devices, so look at the compatability list first.
(ANDROID DEVICES ONLY)


File name is now red and I can't find it

locate is not updated real time. Are you sure bashthings was a directory?. Run

sudo updatedb

to update the database and locate will find the file again but this time also the location where it is on disc.

By the way. Looking at what you did then ...

cd /playinhere/bashthings/

should get you to the directory you moved.


Upgrading Kingston SSD firmware in Ubuntu?

Kingston's utility to update SSD firware on Sandforce based drives, created by James Huey https://gitlab.com/vinibali/kingston_fw_updater

And short manual: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vg7NTqmWxAk


How to update Libzip to 1.2 on ubuntu 18.04 and PHP 7.2

(1) Locate a newer version of libzip and libzip-dev on Launchpad. Currently it's 1.5.1 under The Eoan Ermine. Download the correct deb files (libzip-dev_1.5.1-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb and libzip5_1.5.1-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb).

(2) Install them with

sudo dpkg -i libzip-dev_1.5.1-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb libzip5_1.5.1-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb

They may be missing some dependencies, you can try to install them with apt first,  so you don't need to download any more "incompatible" packages from Launchpad. Then rerun this command.

(3) Install php-zip. Install PEAR (PECL) to upgrade php-zip to a newer version. Also install php-dev required by PECL to build php-zip.

sudo apt install php-zip php-pear php-dev

(4) Upgrade php-zip to support the newer libzip.

sudo pecl install zip

(5) Probably you don't need the development libraries any more.

sudo apt purge php-dev libzip-dev
sudo apt autoremove

(6) See phpinfo() if you have the correct libzip version. You may need to restart your webserver.

(7) You can prevent apt from automatically upgrading your php-zip, breaking your custom installation. But then you should remember to manually upgrade php with pecl, or check if the newer version supports the newer libzip. (See installed version with sudo dpkg -l | grep zip)

sudo apt-mark hold php<installed version>-zip

To get back the original version (assuming you've used libzip5, and you don't need the previously installed packages):

sudo apt-mark unhold php<installed version>-zip
sudo pecl uninstall zip
sudo apt purge php-pear libzip5 php-zip
sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt install php-zip


Rename your ~/.Skype folder to something like ~/.Skype-old.

Now sign in to Skype fresh, and it will reset itself. You can now copy the contents from the old folder that you want to preserve to your new ~/.Skype folder :).
You can also check the permissions of the files in that folder to ensure that Skype can read and write them correctly. If they seem correct and you still get problems, try running a disk check, which might fix any errors with the file-system (just in case)


Logitech Webcam Pro 9000 only works when motion is run as root

Figured it out.

Looks like the motion user wasn't part of the video group.

e.g.

$ id motion
uid=1001(motion) gid=1001(motion) groups=1001(motion)

So I did a:

sudo usermod -a -G video motion

and it worked. This is how it looks now:

$ id motion
uid=1001(motion) gid=1001(motion) groups=1001(motion),44(video)

I also noted that the motion user has a user uid and not a system uid. I think this may be because I added the user manually after an update instead of using the default user created by installing Motion.


Enable to connect to remote server using ssh but i can connect one remote server

Probably you reinstall system but your /home/xxx/.ssh/known_hosts is old.
Remove known_hosts and you will be able to connect to host, but you will must accept new key on first connect.


How to use Super key as modifer without Unity and Compiz?

I tried dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration and changed the compose key. It works!


How to list all programs installed that were compiled from source?

No, installing something from source is just copying files, it's not recorded anywhere. However, by default programs installed from source are copied in /usr/local/bin, while programs installed from packages are copied in /bin or /usr/bin, so ls /usr/local/bin can give you a rough idea of what you have installed from source if you didn't use --prefix=/usr.

If you did use --prefix=/usr, you can still get to see which files where installed from a package and which were not using dpkg -S: dpkg -S FILE will look to see if FILE was installed from a package. If it was, it will print the name of the package, otherwise it will print an error. So if you want to see which files in /usr/bin were not installed form a package, you can do

for i in /usr/bin; do dpkg -S "$i" || echo "$i" >> ~/notfrompackages.txt; done

and it will write in notfrompackages.txt a list of all files in /usr/bin which were not installed from a package.


Oh, i know.

Please open System -> Updates and change the server for updates.

Sometimes  ipv6 server makes trouble.

roema


For a GUI approach I can only hint at Obkey. It seems to be abandoned, so it may not work. I haven't used it myself.

But if that doesn't work, fret not! I'll show you how to do it manually.

Lubuntu-rc is an XML file, it uses tags to define its structure. Each element has an opening and closing tag like this <tag></tag> or like this <tag />.

The Alt+Space combo is normally assigned to a ShowMenu action. To reassign the key combo, navigate to ~/.config/openbox and edit the lubuntu-rc.xml config file using your editor of choice.

Search for the following element:

<keybind key="A-space">
  <action name="ShowMenu">
    <menu>client-menu</menu>
  </action>
</keybind>

Replace with:

  <keybind key="A-Space">
    <action name="Execute">
      <command>
      /path/to/albert_bin/
      </command>
    </action>
  </keybind>

Yu must change /path/to/albert_bin/ to whatever is appropiate.

Finally save your changes and reload Lubuntu/Openbox.

Another neat feature is openbox chrooting, which allow to create simple mnemonic application launchers like this:

<keybind key="W-a" chroot="true">
  <keybind key="Escape C-c BackSpace">
    <action name="BreakChroot"/>
  </keybind>

  (add your key bindings here)

</keybind>

Pressing Windows/Meta+a ("a" for applications), one gets into the chroot, then it would be possible to launch apps by pressing single keys, for example, t for terminal. You need to add suitable key bindings for terminal and other apps.

To exit the chroot, press Escape, Backspace or Ctrl+c.

Check this out for more info on OB bindings and chroots.


What is the difference between compiz-plugins and compiz-plugins-extra? Which should I install?

Yes, Compiz Extra are indeed extra plugings. There is a fundamental difference between the 2 sets though: Compiz plugins are the core plugins (these are installed by default and are considered must haves for a well working Compiz) and  Compiz Extra hold the fun extra's so these are seen as not necessary but might be useful to a more than average audience.

The Compiz Extra plugins are ...

3D Windows - Make windows rise above the surface of the Desktop Cube as it rotates.
ADD Helper -Darken every other window to help yourself concentrate on what you're working on now.
Benchmark -See exactly how smoothly Compiz can run on your system by showing the number of frames being rendered per second.
Crash handler - See a debugging backtrace when Compiz crashes. You may also specify a fall-back window manager to switch to in case Compiz crashes.
Cube Caps - Decorate the top and bottom faces of the cube with an image of your choice.
6 .Cube Gears - Place the famous glxgears gears into the cube. The transparent cube option must be enabled for the gears to be visible.
Cube Reflection - Add a reflective ground to the Compiz Cube plugin.
Extra WM Actions - Use shortcut keys to toggle various states of the window, such being sticky or above other windows. There are other states as well, which are described in more detail on this plugin's page.
Error Notifications - Display messages from Compiz in the system notification area so that you don't need to run Compiz in a console to see them.
Fade to Desktop - Fade windows out to reveal the desktop.
Paint fire on the screen - Draw fire anywhere on your screen. You can continue to use your computer even as the fire is burning!
Group and Tab Windows - Arrange windows into groups to move and resize them all at the same time. You can also group related windows into a single, tabbed window to save space.
Login/Logout - Smoothly fade the desktop in or out when you login and logout.
Maximumize - Make a window just large enough to fill unoccupied screen space without overlapping any more windows.
Motion blur - See a motion blur for different screen animations.
Reflection - Give translucent windows a reflective look by superimposing a reflection map over translucent regions.
Scale Window Title Filter - Add more functionality to the Scale plugin. Now you can
search for windows in Scale mode by typing a part of a window's title.
Shelf -  Scale down individual windows to keep them out of your way, yet easily visible.
Show desktop -  Slide all windows toward the edges or corners of the screen to reveal the desktop.
Show mouse - Draw attention to your mouse cursor with trails of light and motion.
Splash -  Show an animated logo image when Compiz starts.
Trailfocus - Leave a trail of progressively dimmer windows as you hop from window to window. This lets you see long it's been since you last focused a particular window.
Wallpaper - Use different backgrounds for different workspaces. Requires patches to Nautilus when using Gnome.
Widget Layer - Place windows of your choice onto a widget layer that can be shown or hidden with a shortcut key. It's a lot like OS X's Dashboard.


Ubuntu 18.04.1 desktop another graphical issues

ctrl-alt-f2 changes to a tty in text mode.
If you still cannot see anything its more complicated

First check which graphics card you have (there are 5 different ones possible on the z500)
then check your native (and other)video resolutions.

Try the gfxmode setting (you can put a comma separated list there also) e.g.:

set gfxmode=640x480,auto

details here https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub/html_node/gfxmode.html

this tells you how to make it permanent:
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1794722

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

set this variable to the desired value

GRUB_GFXMODE="800x600"

then do

sudo update-grub


Installing missing package that provides Xm/Xm.h

The package to resolve your specific issue can be found in the other answer. In case you run into other similar issues later, try this more general approach:

Go to http://packages.ubuntu.com/
Scroll down to "Search the contents of packages"
Enter the filename you're looking for in the text box.
Select "packages that contain files whose names end with the keyword"
Select the right distribution version and architecture
Hit [search].

For Xm/Xm.h it looks like this:

File                                                    Packages
/usr/include/Xm/Xm.h                                    lesstif2-dev, libmotif-dev
/usr/lib/TenDRA/lib/include/motif/1_2.api/Xm/Xm.h       tendra [not amd64]

An alternative command-line approach of finding the package for a file is using apt-file as can be seen in the question How to get a list of files for a package I haven't installed yet?


If you are asking if you can run multiple commands in a single ssh session, the answer is yes.  Try the following:

ssh user@host '(w; df -h)'

This should output both the results of the w command on the remote host, as well as the df -h output on the remote host.

Hope this helps.


If directory structure isn't really serious (or you can work through the difficulties that it creates) I'd recommend photorec.  I believe it comes along with testdisk, so you can simply run it with:

photorec myfile.dd

From thereon out the procedure is relatively clear, but post back if you have issues.  It will make folders with the files sorted basically totally randomly, so if directory structure is important... maybe not the best, unless you have a good amount of time to go sorting through.  Otherwise, I've had successes numerous times with it.


Dukto is not in the regular Ubuntu repositories.

Download it at the home page at http://www.msec.it/blog/?page_id=11

The direct Ubuntu download is at https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=home:colomboem&package=dukto

Update #1:

Did you follow these instructions?

sudo sh -c "echo 'deb http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/colomboem/xUbuntu_16.04/ /' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/dukto.list"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install dukto

If that didn't work, then do this...

Download the file here...

http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/colomboem/xUbuntu_16.04/amd64/dukto_6.0-1_amd64.deb

And assuming that the .deb file went to your Downloads folder, install it with...

sudo dpkg -i ~/Downloads/dukto_6.0-1_amd64.deb


ubuntu 18.04 + logitech m195 wireless receiver freezing from time to time

There are reports that the Logitech brand wireless mouse does not like the USB 3.0 plugs due to RF interference. Resolution recommendations include connecting the USB receiver via a dongle to move it away from the RF interference source. I've also noticed my mouse is more likely to freeze while the AC or a nearby fan is running. More evidence that RF interference is to blame (or blame Logitech for not making a better receiver antenna).


Ubuntu 14.04 LTS - Windows 8.1 Update 1 Dual Boot

When you install Ubuntu to a partition, firstly it clear all data at that partition so you shouldn't do it. :)
You can easily seperate a 40GB partition from D: partition in Windows. You can see how you seperate partition on Windows here : http://www.howtogeek.com/172580/how-to-create-a-separate-data-partition-for-windows/ (look "After Installing Windows" part)


In Focal, Gnome Flashback panels are white despite the default being grey

So, for people like me wondering why the theme changed in their Gnome Flashback session since Focal, and how to get back to the previous default one, it's not a bug, the default GTK theme changed from Ambiance to Yaru, and the icon theme changed from ubuntu-mono-dark to ubuntu-mono-light.

HOW TO GET BACK TO THE PREVIOUS (AS OF 19.10) DEFAULT THEME :

As admin : apt install light-themes

Then, as the user wanting to change the theme :

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme Ambiance
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface icon-theme ubuntu-mono-dark

And voilà, back to the previous theme !

Thanks to @muktupavels for pointing me in the right direction.


Suppose we run some kind of python script via python stuff.py. We can easily find it's PID via pgrep

$ pgrep -f stuff.py
7573

And kill with pkill in a similar fashion.

$ pkill -f stuff.py

If you want to kill only the child process, and not script itself, then we need to find out the children. ps command allows printing processes with PPID ( parent PID) . So if you know the parent ( your python script) then you know the children too.

$ ps -e -o args,pid,ppid  | grep $(pgrep -f run_bash.py ) | grep -v grep
python run_bash.py           8186  4021
watch ls                     8187  8186

Here my python script runs watch ls command. I can kill 8187 to close watch ls and let python script move on to the other things.


Gimp not working after ubuntu 16.04 update

I had the same problem after triying to compile another program, gimp stop working, the problem for me was the library ocl-icd-opencl-dev i just unninstalled and problem solve, gimp works again.


sha256sum: /path/filename: No such file or directory

It seems OP didn't adapt the command to his computer.

In the command sha256sum /path/filename, there is 3 parts :

sha256sum is the command to show the file hash value
path is the path to reach the Anaconda installer, so it's the Download file in the OP case
filename is the name of the Anaconda installer, the current name is Anaconda3-2019.10-Linux-x86_64.sh

So the command would be :

sha256sum ~/Downloads/Anaconda3-2019.10-Linux-x86_64.sh

It would return the hash of the file, which you have to compare on the link where you donwload it; if it's NOT the same, don't use it, it could be a malware or just the file corrupt itself during download.

Hash list of Anaconda installer : https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/install/hashes/all/

As you can see in the screenshot below, I use your hash result and find that you download a good installer, not corrupted nor malware :


The ideal set-up for your design would be:

The server connected to its own router with its own IP addressing scheme (E.g. 192.168.2.x/24), the clients connected to their own router using a different IP addressing scheme (E.g. 192.168.3.x/24) and then both routers connected to a tertiary router which connects to the Internet (E.g. 192.168.1.x/24).

Depending on the capabilities of your current router, you might get away with only two routers or maybe even one router and a switch depending on what hardware you have/wish to purchase and what are you trying to accomplish...

If you just drop the second network card from your server, most consumer-grade routers allow you to put the server in a DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) without any of the above hassle...  (just for completeness and if anyone else is trying to do the same thing, but without your budget)


How do I create a dd image of multiple filesystems in Xubuntu 12.04?

While you can either have the entire disk be imaged, or one partition, it is impossible to use dd to put multiple partitions (selectively) in one file. It would require reworking the partition table of the image. You can, however, selectively copy multiple partitions to separate files. Let's copy /dev/sda1 and /dev/sda3 below:
sudo dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/media/HARDDISK/sda1.img

sudo dd if=/dev/sda3 of=/media/HARDDISK/sda3.img

This creates two files in the directory of your choice (see second argument). Be careful not to  get the if and of confused as you can destroy data if you make a mistake.


How can I recall a command from history by number without executing it?

shopt -s histverify

If the histverify shell option is enabled, and Readline is being used, history substitutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser. Instead, the expanded line is reloaded into the Readline editing buffer for further modification.


Can't install NVIDIA driver even after stoping lightdm

The correct command to stop lightdm is:

sudo stop lightdm

But it is a really bad idea to install drivers this way.


How to remove everything related to GIMP? (Ubuntu 19.04)

Gimp keeps most of its user configuration in a specific directory, called the "Gimp profile". This directory is not removed when you uninstall/reinstall, so the newly installed version often inherits the problems of the previous one.

Some hints to find your Gimp profile here. These hints are for 2.8, the location has changed a bit in 2.10, but the methods to find it are still the same, if you have a working Gimp.

Otherwise you can use find to search a for a file called gimprc:

 find ~ -name 'gimprc'

And erase the directory that contains it and all its subdirectories. Gimp will recreate one when it starts again.


How can I enable the Software Centre to also install recommended packages?

Installing recommended packages is the default behaviour, so unless you disabled it there's some other reason why those apps won't work.

Note that "suggested" packages aren't installed by default, with no way to turn that on that I know of.


Ubuntu-software center only shows featured and editors' picks

UPDATE: 19/8/2018
as mentioned by @geras, an official fix for unescape metadata on fwupd.xml has been committed to ubuntu xenial -proposed repository (see here). It permanently fixes the issue even though the fwupdmgr refreshes. To do that you can first go to Software & Updates > Developer Options > check the Pre-release updates. Then, sudo apt update && sudo apt install fwupd/xenial-proposed. After that reboot the PC.

Are you experiencing these errors when updating your ubuntu using sudo apt update:

AppStream system cache was updated, but problems were found: Metadata files have errors: /var/cache/app-info/xmls/fwupd.xml
Reading package lists... Done
E: Problem executing scripts APT::Update::Post-Invoke-Success 'if /usr/bin/test -w /var/cache/app-info -a -e /usr/bin/appstreamcli; then appstreamcli refresh-cache > /dev/null; fi'
E: Sub-process returned an error code

If so, you can try the solutions provided on this link: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/appstream/+bug/1644498

1) Open fwupd.xml file

sudo gedit /var/cache/app-info/xmls/fwupd.xml

2) Edit line #265

<checksum filename="Firmware_SF30&SN30_Pro_V1.26.dat"

becomes

<checksum filename="Firmware_SF30&amp;SN30_Pro_V1.26.dat"

(change & with &amp;)

3) Refresh the appstreamcli

sudo appstreamcli refresh --force

These tricks are worked for me to solve the Ubuntu Software problem.


I would like to know where can I find the azureus2.jar file

It is here:

/usr/share/java/Azureus2.jar

found with

dpkg -L azureus | grep jar


Mounting CIFS as user in Ubuntu 16.04 returns "No such file or directory"

This may not be possible any longer by default on Xubuntu 16.04 -- There is a note on the MountWindowsSharesPermanently Ubuntu Help Wiki that offers a workaround though:

  Note: Regretfully as from version 3.3.2-1ubuntu3.2 (October 2009) this approach is no longer possible together with the "user" option. A security fix prevents reading the credentials file if you don't have read access to it. You will have to pin the packages at version 3.3.2-1ubuntu3 or 3.3.2-1ubuntu3.1 to continue using this approach as non-root.


How do I search recursively for a phrase in odt files

Finally I resolved to using Recoll. It does a good job at finding information in files. Indexing is however slow and takes a lot of resources. This is not a problem if you do not run Recoll as a daemon but only update the index manually when you're not using the computer.


Encrypted disk won't unlock anymore: Not authorized to perform operation (udisks-error-quark, 4)

The problem can be solved with sudo:

gksudo gnome-disks

then, operate normaly


There's are '-----------------------' included in the output stream and it gets
interpreted as a command switch which messes everything up. So, remove those
pesky dashes using tr before continuing the pipeline.

find . -type f -iname "*.pdf"  -print0 -exec pdffonts {} \; | tr -d '-' | xargs -0 | grep 'Type 1'
HelveticaNeueLight                  Type 1            yes no  no      18  0
HelveticaNeueRoman                  Type 1            yes no  no      22  0
HelveticaNeueMedium                 Type 1            yes no  no      26  0
HelveticaNeueLight                  Type 1            yes no  no      18  0
HelveticaNeueRoman                  Type 1            yes no  no      22  0
HelveticaNeueMedium                 Type 1            yes no  no      26  0
HelveticaNeueLight                  Type 1            yes no  no      18  0
HelveticaNeueRoman                  Type 1            yes no  no      22  0
HelveticaNeueMedium                 Type 1            yes no  no      26  0
HelveticaNeueLight                  Type 1            yes no  no      18  0
HelveticaNeueRoman                  Type 1            yes no  no      22  0
HelveticaNeueMedium                 Type 1            yes no  no      26  0

You can't use 'grep -l' because there is no concept of files anymore, all that's coming out of there is a stream of text. If you want to maintain the file list as a index then you will likely end up  with a for loop.


Touchpad Clicking not working in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS after upgrading kernel from version 4.4.0-64 to 4.8.0-39

It is not related to the kernel upgrade. You installed libinput. Tapping is disabled there by default. It can be fixed this way. Run

sudo -H gedit /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/90-libinput.conf

An editor window will open. Find the touchpad section in this file and add there a line

Option "Tapping" "true"

before EndSection.

Save the file and reboot. Tapping will be enabled.


How do I get the name of the network adapter before install, to set it in the autoinstaller config file (Ubuntu 20.04)?

If you delete the network: section from your autoinstall config, then a network config will be generated automatically.  This might suit your needs.
default behavior
The networking configuration process is very confusing, but this is the way it seems to work when there is no network: section in the autoinstall config
1
On the installer, cloud-init has a default generic netplan config that is used when nothing is specified.  This config matches all physical interfaces.
# This is the initial network config.
# It can be overwritten by cloud-init or subiquity.
network:
    version: 2
    ethernets:
        zz-all-en:
            match:
                name: "en*"
            dhcp4: true
        zz-all-eth:
            match:
                name: "eth*"
            dhcp4: true

2
Actual interface details are added to the installer filesystem in /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/${IFNAME}.cfg.  I believe casper is putting this file in place.
3
When the installer boots cloud-init merges its configuration to create a netplan config for the installer environment.  A test VM I tried ends up with
# cat /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml
# This file is generated from information provided by the datasource.  Changes
# to it will not persist across an instance reboot.  To disable cloud-init's
# network configuration capabilities, write a file
# /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following:
# network: {config: disabled}
network:
    ethernets:
        ens192:
            critical: true
            dhcp-identifier: mac
            dhcp4: true
            nameservers:
                addresses:
                - REDACTED
                - REDACTED
                search:
                - REDACTED
        zz-all-en:
            dhcp4: true
            match:
                name: en*
        zz-all-eth:
            dhcp4: true
            match:
                name: eth*
    version: 2

4
The installer, subiquity, creates a config for curtin that only includes the portion of the installer netplan config that relates to actual interfaces.
# cat /var/log/installer/subiquity-curtin-install.conf
...
write_files:
...
  etc_netplan_installer: {content: "# This is the network config written by 'subiquity'\n\
      network:\n  ethernets:\n    ens192:\n      critical: true\n      dhcp-identifier:\
      \ mac\n      dhcp4: true\n      nameservers:\n        addresses:\n        -\
      \ REDACTED\n        - REDACTED\n        search:\n        - REDACTED\n\
      \  version: 2\n", path: etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml}
...

5
the installed system (located in /target) ends up with configuration given to curtin.
# cat /target/etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml
# This is the network config written by 'subiquity'
network:
  ethernets:
    ens192:
      critical: true
      dhcp-identifier: mac
      dhcp4: true
      nameservers:
        addresses:
        - REDACTED
        - REDACTED
        search:
        - REDACTED
  version: 2

6
At some point, the installer also changes its own configuration to use the installed configuration.


Booting stops on black screen with some texts after upgrading from Ubuntu 16.04 to 18.04

Your computer is overheating during the boot process and hardware problems can rarely be solved by software, but still:

if there is a BIOS setting to lower the CPU frequency, set it to the lowest setting possible
If that's impossible, put the laptop in a sealed plastic bag (ziploc) in the freezer for 20 minutes, try to boot it and execute the following commands as root or with sudo privileges:

apt install lm-sensors
sensors

that way all sensors in your PC will be activated and TurBo Boost can kick in.

    apt install pm-utils
    pm-powersave true

which will also put your computer in a low power state.

But the real advice is to take it apart, clean it out with a vacuum cleaner and alcohol (200° proof) and put it back together.


What command are my volume keys running?

The following command:

pactl set-sink-volume 0 50%

will set the volume at 50%. To increase the volume with 10% you can use:

pactl set-sink-volume 0 -- +10%

To decrease the volume with 10% you can use:

pactl set-sink-volume 0 -- -10%


Split PDF into Multiple Page Ranges with Multiple Outputs

You can do this with cpdf using a simple for-loop:

for pages in {1-3,90-97,112-end};do cpdf in.pdf $pages -o out-$pages.pdf;done


The Patcher GUI will crash on all versions of WINE newer than v1.6.

Click on create shortcut and point it to LeagueClient.exe. Remove the existing shortcut to the patcher.

LeagueClient will automatically call the patcher (sans GUI) if it's required to update the game client.

Also note that on rare occasions, the LeagueClientRenderer may also hang. If this happens, simply end the process and restart LeagueClient.


How can I use my own shell as the login shell?

You put ~/Desktop/Shell/minish verbatim in /etc/shells; the expansion of ~ is a shell feature and likely unsupported by whatever application parses /etc/shells, because it wouldn't know, to whose home directory ~ is supposed to refer. Instead, you need to use the full path name, e. g. /home/analysis/Desktop/Shell/minish.


(Update) Suspend problem (on ubuntu studio 20. 04 LTS)

Try this
sudo systemctl mask sleep.target suspend.target hibernate.target hybrid-sleep.target

source:
https://wiki.debian.org/Suspend


a{sv} should be represented like:

"{'String': <'variant_value'>, 'String2': <'variant_value'>}"

To figure this out I called org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties.GetAll on some object interface because that returns a{sv}.

For example, the CreateInterface method in wpa_supplicant takes a{sv}:

gdbus call -y -d fi.w1.wpa_supplicant1 -o /fi/w1/wpa_supplicant1 -m fi.w1.wpa_supplicant1.CreateInterface "{'Ifname': <'wlan0'>}"

or to add multiple interfaces (a true array of string:variant):

"{'Ifname': <'wlan0'>, 'Ifname': <'wlan1'>}"


You can use ledcontrol for that precise purpose.

You might be interested by this thread as well.


It's not white spots. These are screen wipeouts that happen in many systems when the processor is slow to handle graphics memory.

For example, if you drag a window, the space behind it will turn white.

I recommend upgrading your processor and/or RAM or not doing heavy graphic-oriented multitasking.


How to prevent data from being written into a directory?

You can simply use (1)

chmod a-w directory

which will make the directory unwritable to everyone.

To give write access to all users:

chmod a+w directory

For more fine access, there is a nice tutorial on Unix permissions here; if you need even more fine-grained control, you can use Access Control Lists (this last link is for Arch Linux, but works on Ubuntu too).

Footnotes:

(1) this is if you are the owner of the directory and you have write access on the parent directory. Otherwise, you have to do it with superuser privileges, like:

sudo chmod a-w directory

and

sudo chmod a+w directory


Audio output settings: Fontpanel and Backpanel audio at the same time

Using "Pulse audio volume control" (pavucontrol) , you will have more controls, like speaker/headphone ports, or  setting a default output.
Install command:
 sudo apt install pavucontrol


gnome shell crashes intermittently, sends me back to login

I've also been getting these gnome-shell crashes on my Jetson Nano 4.9.140-tegra aarch64 kernel running Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS since doing some minor updates last week. My /var/log/apport.log showed:
ERROR: apport (pid 22141) Tue Oct 27 08:41:37 2020: executable: /usr/lib/tracker/tracker-extract (command line "/usr/li$
which, I believe means the /usr/lib/tracker/tracker-extract executable file is corrupt. So I simply deleted it with:
sudo rm -rf /usr/lib/tracker/tracker-extract
and cleared /var/crash so I could monitor new crash reports.
I have now rebooted several times without incident.
I also got:
ERROR: apport (pid 7017) Mon Oct 26 00:14:28 2020: executable: /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-session-worker (command line "gdm-sess$
ERROR: apport (pid 7017) Mon Oct 26 00:14:28 2020: is_closing_session(): no DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS in environment
but I think this may be due to the corrupt tracker-extract executable, as it has not recurred after removing the corrupt executable. Hope this helps.


It may not be completely compatible with your laptop (I am using the 15m-bq100 Ryzen 5 model), but try this patch/hack, or an acpi override further down. I have the patch on a 4.16.6 kernel, and it does work, but to a point. It is still being developed, so be a bit patient.

Additional Info:

Based on testing with the patch, the edges do not always register, which forces me to readjust drawing programs like Krita and Inkscape and I have had it stop responding after 3-5 hours of use, which is mitigated by disabling/reenabling i2c_hid. I have had limited luck with the ACPI override, where it fails to grab i2c-ELAN0732:00 at boot.


How can I solve "unmatched double quote" error using dbus-monitor in combination with xargs?

From man xargs:

--delimiter=delim
-d delim
      Input  items  are terminated by the specified character.  Quotes
      and backslash are not special; every character in the  input  is
      taken  literally.   Disables  the  end-of-file  string, which is
      treated like any other argument.  This  can  be  used  when  the
      input consists of simply newline-separated items, although it is
      almost always better to design your program to use --null  where
      this  is  possible.   The  specified  delimiter  may be a single
      character, a C-style character escape such as \n, or an octal or
      hexadecimal escape code.  Octal and hexadecimal escape codes are
      understood as for the printf command.   Multibyte characters are
      not supported.

As an example:

$ echo '"""' | xargs
\xargs: unmatched double quote; by default quotes are special to xargs unless you use the -0 option
$ echo '"""' | xargs -d '\n'
"""

$ echo '"""' | xargs -d ' '
"""

Of course, using either may break things, but perhaps not as much as -0.


Sorry, I'm a chinese student, my English is not well, but I really know how to deal this problem.
This problem is worked in ACPI，you can edit grub by terminal to change it:

cd /etc/default
sudo cp grub grub.backup (just in case it goes wrong)
sudo gedit grub

change this line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

for this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash pci=noacpi"

save, then run:

sudo update-grub

and if wireless out of work，you can edit:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash pci=force"

I hope I can help you, excuse me, my English is so bad, I will learn it try my best. haha~


HP laptop goes into AIRPLANE mode after suspend.How to fix it?

So, I found a WORKAROUND of the problem by simply changing how my laptop responds to lid closing. Simply, use the command
sudo sh -c 'echo "HandleLidSwitch=lock" >> /etc/systemd/logind.conf' && rebootIt will now LOCK the computer every time lid closes instead of suspending and hence no problem of AIRPLANE MODE.


Why does my computer keep displaying the GRUB menu when it starts up?

Five keys you can press at Grub Menu

This write-up is from (omgubuntu.co.uk - Five keys to show Grub menu Ubuntu) which nicely lays out what you can do at Grub menu.

1. Shift

Ubuntu does not display the GRUB menu by default. To see GRUB during boot you need to press the right-hand Shift key during boot.

2. Up/Down Arrow Keys

When you are at the GRUB menu you can use the ↑ and ↓ arrow keys to select other operating systems and kernel configurations display in the menu. When you’ve selected the one you wish to highlight press Enter to boot it.

3. e for Edit

There may be times you need to edit a boot command,

Use the arrow keys to select a boot option and hit the e key to that entry’s boot options by hand.

You may need to do this to run a specific boot parameter, pass a kernel flag, adjust the run time level or set the frame buffer mode.

When you’re ready to boot with your modified changes press CtrlX.

4. c for Command Line Mode

Press the c key at the GRUB Menu to switch into CLI Mode. From here you can do a wealth of things, including changing menu entry names, fixing a broken install, or booting into a custom kernel configuration.

5. Esc Key

Tap the Esc key at any time to return to the main GRUB Menu screen. Should you press Esc at the editor or command line screens all configuration changes you made are discarded and you’re plonked back at the main menu interface.


Download the latest version of Winetricks from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Winetricks/winetricks/master/src/winetricks


Yes, duplicate uuids will confuse the system.  This is one reason why you should not be playing around with dd like that.  Another reason is that dd wastes time copying free space.  If you want to backup and restore the system, use tar instead.  If you insist on using dd, then don't copy to a second partition -- copy to a file instead.


Try xrdp. I've found it is the easiest remote desktop server to use. Sudo apt-get install xrdp. Then just log in with any remote desktop client.


Authentication with admin password problem

So there are something called sudoers in Linux (it's like when you create user in Windows and can choose if they are admin or normal users). So when you install apps from terminal the command should be like (in terminal)

sudo apt-get install package

Some applications and packages are in the software center. You can look them up there. When you will be asked for password it will be your user password not the root password. The root is the GOD of GOD's in Linux. I don't set a root password at all because you don't need it. If blondie like reading then go and check this

Terminal is a cmd like. It's a way to control all your system (including installing/removing/updating packages). It's the key when you use Linux :D


You should see it in Gparted.
You can also just check your fstab file:

cat /etc/fstab

Watch the line with your root filesystem. Three possibilities here:

If the line starts with UUID=xyz, this means it's a physical partition.
If the line starst with /dev/sdaX, it also means it's a physical partition.
The indicator for LVM would be something with /dev/mapper/xyz.


Biber and biblatex ubuntu (Upgrade from xenial-proposed?)

This has been fixed yesterday (2016/06/28) ; now you can install directly biber (it will install version 2.4; be sure to do an sudo apt-get update before).

It will pull a lot of perl libraries, but it will not try to remove half of your LaTeX installation.

[romano:~] % apt-cache policy biber
biber:
  Installed: 2.4-1ubuntu1.16.04.1
  Candidate: 2.4-1ubuntu1.16.04.1
  Version table:
 *** 2.4-1ubuntu1.16.04.1 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 Packages
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe i386 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     2.3-1 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 Packages
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe i386 Packages

See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/biber/+bug/1589644/comments/21


How to update Synaptic on 10.10 to include new packages

10.10 is now End of Life as support for it ran out in April.  You can see the release and support schedule here. You will find it increasingly difficult to maintain this release.

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS is supported until 2017 however you might be more happy with one of the lighter distributions available (Lubuntu, Xubuntu)

Personally I would recommend Lubuntu on less capable machines, however the much lighter apps may not suit your tastes.  It certainly makes for a very snappy machine however.  Given that you're working with gtk you might want to investigate other issues that may be involved in both of these, for example theming issues with gtk.

Note that Lubuntu 12.04 is not an LTS release.  The Lubuntu team have decided not to have LTS releases which means that they are strictly on an 18 month support cycle. I believe the reason is that they do not have the resources to support LTS releases. It would more of an advantage to try Lubuntu 12.10 in this case.


Can't get Skype to shut up when signing off

You could always delete the sound file. I couldn't get Skype to stop playing the sound either so that what I ended up doing. The sound files are located under /usr/share/skype/sounds/


How to fix the Nvidia login issue with ubuntu

I am on a bad device so you'll have to fill in the details yourself, but this process worked for me.

Purge the Nvidia drivers as you did before
Add the ppa ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nvidia-375 nvidia-settings

Change the package number to the correct driver for your card


Add second IP-address to interface in 17.10

Turns out in 17.10 you edit your network settings in /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

All I had to do was add the second IP next to the existing one separated with a comma like this:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0:
     addresses: [ 10.100.1.38/24, 10.100.1.39/24 ]
     gateway4: 10.100.1.1

Then you run:

# netplan apply

Hope this helps someone in the future.


Why is my system intermittently becoming read only at ~8:00 am every sunday?

You can try to force a check of all file systems skipping mounted ones with the -M option

 sudo fsck -Af -M

If it fails perhaps you can try for ext4 filesystems

 sudo fsck.ext4 -f /dev/sda1 > fsck-output.txt

You can change to ext3 depending on your filesystem type.

The Recommended filesystem for Linux systems would be EXT4 with TRIM intended to improve performance through reduced write cycles to the SSD drive given the limited write-rewrite cycles.

Check for output in the fsck-output.txt file for any errors or use dmesg to get any errors not printed on screen and let me know how it goes.

Regards Douglas and hope it works out.


unable to login user ubuntu user account after activating the automount partition

Yes there is a system restore and it's called a system back-up but if you didn't make one before you started, you obviously don't have one...

So the easiest to do for you now, is to boot from a LiveCD (the CD you installed it with) and choose "try Ubuntu".  Then make a full file back-up, (get your file data off the machine onto another medium) and re-install...

Afterwards, to auto-mount your drives, have a look here: How to automount NTFS partitions? instead (it works for any file system)

There is also the hard way of repairing this and that is to look for any changes in the fstab and figuring out what changed.  As you have no point of reference (do you have a back-up of fstab?) this is going to be difficult for you, so I would advise against it.

Note: look at Ask Ubuntu first; you're not the first one that bricks his system from reading from this guy's blog. (NVidia drivers that make your system crash, easily auto-mount drives, ... )


How to install 3rd party module so that it is loaded on boot?

Using sudo:

Edit the /etc/modules file and add the name of the module (without the .ko extension) on its own line. On boot, the kernel will try to load all the modules named in this file.
Copy the module to a suitable folder in /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers. In my case this was /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/pci. This will place the module in modprobe's database.  I don't know if this can be a link.
Run depmod.  This will find all the dependencies of your module.
At this point, I rebooted and then run lsmod | grep module-name to confirm that the module was loaded at boot.

See the man pages for modprobe, lsmod, and depmod for more information.


What are the differences between -v an -V to get the Version of software in Ubuntu?

The correct way to get the version of system-installed software is to use your package manager tools!

--version is not a reliable way to do so, for several reasons:

Not all programs have executables. Libraries are a good example. You can't check your kernel version using linux --version, as there is no such command. Or your video driver version.
Not all executables have command-line arguments. Most do, but GUI programs don't need to, and some don't.
--version, as any command-line argument, is application-dependent. It depends on the developer to implement it, and there is no "standard" per-se, merely a convention. As you've noticed with -v|-V, it is not consistent. Even --help is not universal.
The format output of --version is not consistent either. Some print a single line, some print several. Some print the version number only, some print the program name too.

That said, there is a standard, consistent way to get the installed version of any software in your system: ask the system, not the sofware!

Thanks to its Debian heritage, Ubuntu has a powerful package management system called apt (actually, dpkg). It controls installed packages, its dependencies, available repositories, and versions.

There are several package-management tools and front-ends you can use to query your installed packages. Here are some that display the version:

apt-cache policy <package>
dpkg --list <package> (you can use wildcards!)

And if you don't know what package a given command belongs to, you can find out in several ways:

apt-cache search '<name>'
apt-file search '<path>'

And the output is always consistent, reliable, standard, because you're not asking individual software made by distinct developers, you're querying your system about its status.

As an example, here's the result of a search of all the commands your mentioned in a single output:

$ dpkg --list wget gedit nano mysql-server skype php? firefox totem wine google-chrome*

Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name                       Version                    Description
+++-==========================-==========================-====================================================================
ii  firefox                    42.0+build2-0ubuntu0.12.04 Safe and easy web browser from Mozilla
ii  gedit                      3.4.1-0ubuntu1             official text editor of the GNOME desktop environment
ii  google-chrome-stable       46.0.2490.80-1             The web browser from Google
ii  mysql-server               5.5.46-0ubuntu0.12.04.2    MySQL database server (metapackage depending on the latest version)
ii  nano                       2.2.6-1                    small, friendly text editor inspired by Pico
ii  php5                       5.3.10-1ubuntu3.21         server-side, HTML-embedded scripting language (metapackage)
ii  skype                      4.3.0.37-0ubuntu0.12.04.1  client for Skype VOIP and instant messaging service
ii  totem                      3.0.1-0ubuntu21.1          Simple media player for the GNOME desktop based on GStreamer
ii  wget                       1.13.4-2ubuntu1.2          retrieves files from the web
ii  wine                       1.4-0ubuntu4.1             Microsoft Windows Compatibility Layer (meta-package)


64 bit ubuntu installation fails Dell XPS | 15Z

For everyone else getting this problem. Do not use acpi=off you better use acpi=noirq instead.


Printer canon MG5350 Grayscale and higher resolution

Since nobody answered yet, I might as well do it (for future reference).
Go to your package-manager and install:
printer-driver-gutenprint

See here all the supported printers:
http://gimp-print.sourceforge.net/p_Supported_Printers.php

I hope this will work,
Jurgen


Ubuntu won't run from USB on only one of 3 machines

I think it because that your computer can't detect the format.You can try to format it as USB-HDD or USB-ZIP. I have installed the Ubuntu 13.04 on the Dell Latitude D520 successfully.


Try

apt-get remove openoffice.org-writer2latex
apt-get dist-upgrade
apt-get install openoffice.org-writer2latex


Getting Ubuntu on to our Linx. 1010 window touch tablet

The problems with most of those tablets are:

EFI boot system support only 32-bit mode while the system is 64-bit.
BIOS does not support ISO9660 filesystem (on USB drives?)

Good thing is that you actually can install Ubuntu on it :-)

I can not describe the process in exact details because different bios versions are different. But the main steps are:

Find bootia32.efi file (suggest Github) and download it.
Make USB "installer". Format it FAT32 and copy the contents of  original Ubuntu installer ISO file to it. I am not sure about should the USB disk be bootable or not (looks like it does not matter).
Copy bootia32.efi to the USB disk under \EFI\BOOT or similar. Copy any other stuff you want.
Boot your tablet to BIOS with the USB disk connected
Sometimes to gain access to all EFI options you have to setup supervisor password in your tablet BIOS - so do it. After everything works you can disable (clear) it back.
Specify path to bootia32.efi in BIOS EFI as trusted file
Either set USB disk as first boot option or enable boot option selection (F12 usually)
Good idea is to enable network access during install through wired usb adapter - do it.
Boot the tablet from USB disk and install Ubuntu, allow download modules during install.
After install is finished, remove USB disk, boot to BIOS and specify path to groobia32.efi on fixed disk (NOT USB) as trusted. You can remove the BIOS supervisor password now.
Here your tablet should boot to Ubuntu normally.


Removed Boot Entry of Ubuntu 20.04 from Bios

At the risk of stating the obvious, if it works, it works. You removed an OS and its corresponding boot entries, and your computer works as expected. There's no reason to expect any trouble from that in the future, any later OS installation should set up its own configuration as needed.


Transpires that the question asker is an idiot. The monitor gets its audio for speakers/headphones via the DisplayPort cable, meaning the microphone port on the monitor is connected to the microphone port on the PC via the supplied 3 pin (L/R/GND) 3.5mm jack audio cable, i.e. it's a simple passthrough. Apologies to Nik Gnomic & anyone who read this.


have you tried this?
sudo snap remove gmail-desktop

you could also use the gui method in the snap-store if it is installed. otherwise you can install it using
sudo snap install snap-store


Problem removing software RAID from empty drives

Choose configure raid arrays ( should be the next item up from configure lvm, so you seem to have cut it off in your post ), and delete the software raid arrays if you don't want them.  Since you also got the message about serial ata raid, it seems that you have also used these drives in a fake raid setup.  Most likely your "hardware raid card" is a fake raid.  If it is, and you don't need to dual boot with windows, then it is best to avoid that and just go with regular software raid, which is better supported.

If you go into the bios and delete the raid array there ( don't just disable the raid functions, actually delete the array ), and that gets rid of the serial ata raid message, then you have a fake raid card and should proceed with setting up a plain software raid array.


Can't install Dropbox after upgrading to 16.04 LTS

Note: These packages install an open-source helper application. The version of this application does not change as frequently as the main Dropbox application. These packages will always install the latest version of Dropbox for Linux.View release notes

Dropbox Headless Install via command line
The Dropbox daemon works fine on all 32-bit and 64-bit Linux servers. To install, run the following command in your Linux terminal.

32-bit:

cd ~ && wget -O - "https://www.dropbox.com/download?plat=lnx.x86" | tar xzf -

64-bit:

cd ~ && wget -O - "https://www.dropbox.com/download?plat=lnx.x86_64" | tar xzf -

Next, run the Dropbox daemon from the newly created .dropbox-dist folder.

~/.dropbox-dist/dropboxd

If you're running Dropbox on your server for the first time, you'll be asked to copy and paste a link in a working browser to create a new account or add your server to an existing account. Once you do, your Dropbox folder will be created in your home directory. Download this Python script to control Dropbox from the command line. For easy access, put a symlink to the script anywhere in your PATH.

Source: https://www.dropbox.com/install


VirtualBox VDI file size keeps growing with Ubuntu 16.04

In my knowledge, when you or any program writes something to the disk, after removing that file only the related inode to that file will be removed and data (zero and ones) remains on the disk, so while you are using dynamic allocated storage, the VirtualBox has no idea what files are living in your OS, it's just know for example 10G of data has been written to your disk, so it growth your hard disk size to manage that 10G of data.

What you can do?

zero out the free space of hard disk in guest, in Linux distributions you can use dd utility to do that:

  sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/zero bs=1M

then use VBoxManage command with --compact switch to make your VDI files compact.

VBoxManage modifyhd '/home/ravexina/VirtualBox VMs/Ubuntu/ubuntu.vdi'

More infromation about compacting: here

Reserved blocks

And about the size you mentioned, I guess that would be the reserved blocks for ext4 file system. for my home partition which is sda2.

user@machine:~$ sudo tune2fs -l /dev/sda2 | grep -ie 'reserved block count'

Reserved block count: 1408704

And because my block size is 4096 byte, so 1408704x4096 makes 5770051584 bye which equals to 5.77 GB reserved space on my home patition.


Strongly recommend this utility

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

Used it several times to recover my "Windows"

You can use the Live-CD to install it and then use it to recover your Windows partition back into the grub boot menu.

As part of the process of running this utility it generates a report and stores it here http://paste.ubuntu.com/5592460/ so you can refer to it later. The link is an example of someone else who had their grub repaired.


Ubuntu 12.04 upgrade, on going to previous version of Linux, ubuntu doesn't boot

Try holding your Shift key as the computer boots. This should force the GRUB menu (the place you selected your previous version) to show, and you can then choose the newer kernel and try booting into that. Unless there is any particular reason (kernel module needs patching or similar), it's probably better to just stick with whatever the newest kernel is for your install.


resolved - Unable to run Live CD Ubuntu 13:04 on Acer Aspire M5 481T 6417. Is there any video driver incompatibility?

I'm Brazilian. I do not speak English, but I'm trying to explain to you ... My notebook is Acer Aspire 6417 M5 481T also, I had put more shine with the combination of buttons: "Fn + (Right Arrow)" and it worked .. I have helped you ...


After logging into Gnome 3 in Ubuntu 12.04 I have to pan scan the page?

This would appear to  be an issue with needing the proprietary Nvidia driver.  I have no experience with doing so but here is a link to a user of ubuntuforums.org called "psychocats"  I have used some of his other tutorials and have seem many other people referred to his posts and have never heard any bad feedback.

How to install proprietary drivers in Ubuntu

If you don't want to follow those directions from somebody you've never heard of who was referred to you by someone else you never heard of, I completely understand.  If you wait a bit longer, someone will almost certainly verify or refute the validity of these instructions and maybe give you a better way to do it.  Int the very least we should have provided needed information for someone smarter than I.


I'd recommend filing a bug and attaching your logfile (from the %TEMP% directory in Windows: wubi-12.10-rev273.log.

You could try to fix it manually by booting into the Recovery menu: hold the Shift key after selecting Ubuntu, select Advanced options and then Recoverymode. Once you see the recovery menu select the root prompt.

First you need to remount the drive read/write:

mount -o remount,rw /

And then add yourself to the sudo group and reboot:

usermod -a -G sudo nathanbrauer
reboot

I've never heard of this problem before on a Wubi install, so don't know if this will fix it or whether there is some other underlying problem. But it's probably quicker to try than reinstalling. I do recommend filing that bug report though.


at 10 percent brightness my screen is at 100%

Try it once.. It has solved all problems about brightness! Including mine!!

Open terminal ( Ctrl+Alt+T ) and type:

sudo cp /etc/default/grub /etc/default/grub.bak
sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

You will find this line in the new opened window: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
Change it to:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_backlight=vendor"

Save and close the window and type this in the terminal:

sudo update-grub

Restart your system..


Sometimes graphic issues (flickering) after resume from suspend (ThinPad X250, Kubuntu 15.10 Wily)

Sounds like a graphics driver issue. Intel HD Graphics drivers are installed on Ubuntu by default.

You can attempt to use a different set of newer but stable graphics drivers:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

You could of course use the bleeding edge PPA, but I wouldn't recommend it.


You could try installing Python2.5 via the DeadSnakes repository:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:fkrull/deadsnakes
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python2.5


This is a patch file that is meant to be applied to the source code of wine before compiling.

To do that, read up on how to compile wine and apply the patch (through the command you already found) before compiling and installing wine.


Can't upgrade from 19.04 to 19.10 due to libgl1-mesa-dri package

If you look upgrade notice of either of the package, you'll realize those packages are being offered by repositories of Bionic Beaver (18.04). But since you are using Disco Dingo (19.04), keeping repositories of other release can harm your system and sometimes breaks the operating system quite horribly. In this particular case, Bionic still has libsensors4 but Disco as well as Eoan Ermine (19.10) has libsensors5 which obviously would lead to dependency issues. You need to remove other release's repository to avoid dependency issues and upgrade to newer release. For that, first of all determine which file has those entries. For that, you can use grep.

grep "bionic" /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*

And put a pound(#) in front of those lines to comment/disable those by editing the file using nano or vi, whichever editor you prefer.


This page gives a tutorial on how to install malys icons and themes, and I think it would be good to start from here.

As for tweaking, install MyUnity with the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:myunity/ppa
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install myunity

You can play with all sorts of things.


You need to add some content. Create file /var/www/html/index.html and put some content in it.


What version on Ubuntu must I download to run on an Intel d865gbf motherboard

If you are installing on an older machine, installing Lubuntu will probably be your best bet. Check out the info on the requirement page to educate yourself further.


How can I split raw DV files captured by Kino?

I know this is a bit late but this works for me:

~$ avconv -i /home/bill/Videos/Editing/03-a.dv -ss 100 -t 100  copy /home/bill/aa1.dv

This created a section small dv file starting at 100 seconds and of 100 seconds duration.


It seems like you need to run a check disk on your windows partition; in Windows. You can do this by running the program CHKDSK on your Windows Operating System. You will encounter this error possibly every time you don't properly shutdown Windows; don't you love NFTS file-systems?

If for some reason you have possibly encrypted your partition, that would provide errors as well; but that is really abnormal.


Windows 7 + Ubuntu Dual boot disk partition problems on a Lenovo help?

I am sufferer & these are Facts:

Even if you able to install ubuntu in dynamic disk, grub isn't compatible with it. There is no way to install GRUB. Chainloading doesn't work too.
You can't convert to basic by any utility without deleting all partition and out data.

My advice

Take a backup of all data to externel disk or network computers.
Use diskmanagement in windows to delete all partition and convert it to basic.

50GB is very decent for ubuntu. I am using a 20 GB partition. All my movies, music stored in ntfs partition (can be accessed in both OS )

WUBI install will give you test of ubuntu but not speed of ubuntu. That's all.


Will deleting stuff from the Ubuntu partition (directly) increase free space on a Windows XP partition?

Ubuntu and Windoze will (generally) be on different partitions.
If you delete stuff on partition A, this will increase free space on partition A, but not on partition B.
You'd need to repartition, e.g. with gparted (booted from CD), to materialize the gain in free space on partition B.


How can I boot Ubuntu from a USB drive on a Windows XP computer?

Okay, push F10 > system configuration > boot options > boot order > USB Diskette on Key/USB Harddisk (put this at the top)
F10 again and save/exit

That should to my knowledge boot the USB drive before anything else on the computer including the Windows OS


Database for Ubuntu compatible with Microsoft Database?

I assume that you mean Microsoft Access as the database.

Easiest alternative to use on Ubuntu is LibreOffice Base. Your system probably already has LibreOffice, but you will probably have to add Base:

sudo apt-get install libreoffice-base

Once installed, you should be able to open your Access file, but your mileage may vary, see here: Is it possible to open an Access 2010 database file without using Wine or VirtualBox?


How do I put two Ubuntu OSes on the same hard drive?

Assuming there is nothing you want to preserve on your hard drive, you can do the following:

When you install the first instance of Ubuntu, at some point during installation there will be a window called "Installation type". Choose "Something else".
On the next window you can erase and create partitions. Make sure you create at least two partitions large enough for Ubuntu installations.
Select the partition on which you want to install the first instance of Ubuntu and press Change. Select Ext4 under "Use as" and "/" under "Mount point".
Go ahead, finish the installation.
Boot from the installation USB again and repeat step 1.
No need to repartition, as that was done in step 2. already.
Select the second partition and repeat Step 3. for it.
Go ahead, and finish the installation of the second instance.

The next time you boot the computer Grub will allow you to boot to whichever instance you want.


How to open Thunderbird minimised at startup in Ubuntu 16.04

I achieved the desired behaviour in the following way:

1) Install alltray which provides an easy method to open Thunderbird at startup:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install alltray

2) Add to Startup Applications:

This will open Thunderbird at startup but it will not be minimised.

----- UPDATE Minimize on Start and Close IS NO LONGER SUPPORTED -----

3) Then install Minimize on Start and Close in Thunderbird (Tools->Add-ons->Get Add-ons)

This needs to be configured (Tools->Add-ons->Extensions->Preferences) as follows:

--------------------------------------------------

3) Then install Keep in Taskbar and restart Thunderbird.

This is a combination of previous suggestions from various locations that works in Ubuntu 16.04.

I thought I would share this to provide an easy, updated method for others.


Can anyone please tell which is the best software in ubuntu to plot graph against data?

If you like to make perfect graphs (and don't mind spending some time on them) I'd recommend using matplotlib (a python library) which has good mix of depth and simplicity. Otherwise, just use LibreOffice's Calc for quick graphing.


Checking startup files on opening Terminal

The startup-files mentioned are not part of the standard bash installation, but are provided by a separate bash-doc package. If you wish to examine them you will need to install bash-doc, either from you favorite GUI package manager or from the command line e.g.

sudo apt install bash-doc


Installing the Deprecated Nexus 7 Gouper

In order to install to the older version you need to use the 'stable' channel vs the 'devel' channel. From the bootloader run this

ubuntu-device-flash --channel=stable --device grouper --bootstrap

This should download and install 'Version-10' to the device


How can I change the folder where VLC stores its streams?

Try tools/preferences/ and ensure you have the "simple" interface selected. Press the "input & codecs" icon and you can specify the streaming location by setting "record directory or file name".


After running 12.04 from Live USB, Windows 7 installation cannot load network drivers

Don't know Windows 7, but in earlier version of Windows, the device manager allows you to remove the ones that are marked with the exclamation mark.  After that, Windows 'finds' the new hardware and offers to re-install the drivers.  Really though this is a Windows problem, not one that is on topic here.


How to create a LXD container on a machine and register it in MAAS?

You might want to lookup:

Getting Started with LXD

Also, you could specify in a .juju/openstack.cfg file like:

nova-compute:
  virt-type: 'lxd'

...combined with a deployment like:

juju deploy --config=.juju/openstack.cfg nova-compute