Unable to install any updates through update manager/apt-get upgrade

I have fixed the problem with these instructions.

  So the solution is the following:

  Go into the /var/lib/dpkg directory
  Make a backup of the status file
  Edit the status file
  Search the package that gave the error
  Just delete the lines from this package (but let all other lines that concern other packages even if they contains the broken package in their "Replaces" or "Depends" fields)

  […]
  Save changes in the status file
  Run: sudo dpkg --configure -a
  Force the re-installation of missing dependencies (because now, there are some):

sudo apt-get -f install

  I think that if the broken package does not depend on any other package (could be rare), just reinstall it:

sudo apt-get install the_package

  Everything is fine now can update, upgrade, or install new packages!

It should be noted that I had a few differences to the solution given there. The status file was not easy to edit (as it is an important file and never meant to be edited). Any edits made there should be done with care, and the file should be backed up before you make any changes.

I had to repeat steps 4-8 three times (each time the error would be the same just with a different package). Finally when all the packages were removed, I was able to reinstall them, and it fixed my problem.


Does ubuntu have a social client faster than Gwibber?

There are several Twitter clients other than Gwibber available in the Software Center : Choqok, Turpial, Pino and Hotot. There is also Polly.

If I had to make a "top 5", it would be, from the best to the worst (not tested Pino) :

Hotot (fast and the most complete).
Polly (nice and promising client). It is formerly known as "Schizobird".
Choqok (a little worse than Polly).
Gwibber (too much basic).
Turpial (one of the worst Twitter clients I have ever seen).

But the best thing to do is testing them all and making your own opinion about this.


Disable right click option on a X1 Carbon Gen 2 Synaptics touchpad

This can be solved using synclient:

Type synclient -l to list  your configuration. At the end of the output, you will find something like

RightButtonAreaLeft     = 3068
RightButtonAreaRight    = 0
RightButtonAreaTop      = 4326
RightButtonAreaBottom   = 0

These values have to be changed to 0 (zero) by typing these two commands:

synclient RightButtonAreaLeft=0

and

synclient RightButtonAreaTop=0

Clicking anywhere on your trackpad will now always trigger a left-click. To right-click, do a two-finger click on your trackpad.

To make these changes permanent, write the two commands to a shell script and add the script to your startup applications:

nano ~/.synaptics-custom-settings.sh

Paste this code to the shell script:

#!/bin/bash
synclient RightButtonAreaLeft=0
synclient RightButtonAreaTop=0

Open the Startup Applications program in Unity and add ~/.synaptics-custom-settings.sh to the list of startup applications.


Bluetooth mouse lags after upgrading to 18.10 Cosmic

Remove canonical-livepatch which is supported in LTS releases only, i.e. not supported in 18.10.

To remove,

$ sudo snap remove canonical-livepatch

I previously had an issue was also (partially) caused by the package.

Edit: the issue resurface again. Installing powertop without any config somehow resolve it.

$ sudo apt install powertop

Edit: USB autosuspend is probably the cause.

Launch powertop using sudo powertop.
Keep pressing Tab till you reach the "Tunables" section.
Find your mouse in that list "Autosuspend for USB device...". Mine is "Autosuspend for unknown USB device 2-6 (8087-07dc)".
"Good" status means autosuspend is on. Fix this issue by toggling to "Bad", by pressing "Enter". Continue the reset of the steps to re-apply the setting after reboot/suspend.
A command will shows up on Terminal,

>> echo 'on' > /usr/bus/usb/devices/2-6/power/control';
Note down the command.
Create a shell script in /usr/bin/.

$ sudo pluma /usr/bin/disable-bt-mouse-autosuspend
Paste the following:

#!/bin/sh

# Disable USB auto-suspend for my mouse on startup
sleep 5;
MOUSE="/sys/bus/usb/devices/2-6/power/control";
if [ -f "$MOUSE" ]; then
    echo 'on' > $MOUSE;
fi

Change 2-6 to what you got from powertop in Step 5.
Make the script executable.

$ sudo chmod u+x /usr/bin/disable-bt-mouse-autosuspend
Add disable-bt-mouse-autosuspend to systemd.

$ sudo pluma /etc/systemd/system/disable-bt-mouse-autosuspend.service
Paste the following,

[Unit]
Description=Disable USB auto-suspend for bluetooth mouse

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/disable-bt-mouse-autosuspend

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Save it. Start and enable it.

$ sudo systemctl start disable-bt-mouse-autosuspend

$ sudo systemctl enable disable-bt-mouse-autosuspend
The setting will also reset during suspend. To re-apply it:

$ sudo pluma /lib/systemd/system-sleep/00disable-bt-mouse-autosuspend
Paste the following script and save it,

#!/bin/sh

# restart the service after suspend
if [ $1 = post ] && [ $2 = suspend ]
then systemctl start disable-bt-mouse-autosuspend.service
fi

Set executable permission,

$ sudo chmod u+x /lib/systemd/system-sleep/00disable-bt-mouse-autosuspend


Can't find lock computer option in ubuntu 18

Default keyboard shortcut in ubuntu 18 :

Lock screen is Super + L
Log out is Ctrl + Alt + Delete

If you want to change it, you can change it in Setting > Devices > Keyboard > System


Ubuntu 12.04 in Win 8.1 Hyper-V VM won't reach internet

I just had the same issue. The fix is fairly simple, create an internal switch, then set you wifi adapter to share its connection with the newly created internal network. You should be golden.


When installing several programs in a row, some needed my password, some didn't. Why?

It's normal. I also noticed it. The reason is when you first want to install a software, it ask for password, and you give it. The software center will grant you to install some more software for a short time,  it does so to make the installation process for the user more friendly. But since it also is a concern of security,  after this short time is expired, you will again be asked for password.

Same is true for uninstallation process. Hope I you got the point


Nautilus No Window Bar After Upgrade to 14.04

Yoy would need to go back to a previous Gnome release, client side decorations is now how Gnoe Core apps handle window decoration, merging the toolbar with the window controls.


The % sign must be escaped with \, since it is an alternate way to end a command in crontab.

  The "sixth" field (the rest of the line) specifies the command to be run. The entire command portion of the line, up to a newline or % character, will be executed by /bin/sh or by the shell specified in the SHELL variable of the cronfile. Percent-signs (%) in the command, unless escaped with backslash (), will be changed into newline characters, and all data after the first % will be sent to the command as standard input.

So your crontab line should look like:

13 16 * * * rsync --verbose --stats --compress --recursive /home/alpha/ /var/backups/alpha/`date +"\%a"`

Sources:

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/29578/how-can-i-execute-date-inside-of-a-cron-tab-job
https://linux.die.net/man/5/crontab


Unity dash won't display applications and system settings doesn't open either!

I've fix this by fresh install and sadly I've lose all my data because of this :(


Writing indicators with Python, GIR and GTK3

This is my trial code for gtk3 and appindicator which creates a indicator for GPaste.

Basically,

from gi.repository import AppIndicator3 as AppIndicator

in order to use appindicator for gtk3 applications which is provided by package gir1.2-appindicator3.

Here is the AppIndicator3 documentation.

pygtk will be deprecated for Gtk3 and you have to go through GObject-Introspection route for developing Gtk3 applications in python. You can refer to PyGObject documentation. Instead of

import pygtk, gtk, gdk, gobject, pango

etc you should do

from gi.repository import Gtk, Gdk, Pango, GObject

For studying a working code, you could view Kazam which has moved to gtk3 from gtk2 and uses appindicator3.

There is a package gir1.2-appindicator as well which seems to be same as using python-appindicator as they both provide usage for gtk2 appplication which is:

from gi.repository import AppIndicator

OR

import appindicator

Some information in this blog post as well.


How do you convert a customized ubuntu installation into a distro?

Personally, after making a number of custom iso over the years, I think the debian live scripts are best.

Yes it takes a while to look through the documentation, but in doing so you will learn the steps involved.

Once you learn the process, the scripts automate changes and it is rather trivial to make modifications.

See: http://live.debian.net/manual/stable/html/live-manual.en.html

The debian live scripts are in the ubuntu repositories.

http://packages.ubuntu.com/raring/live-build

See also

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCDCustomizationFromScratch


Try doing sudo apt-get update first, and then try to install.  If this is a new installation into VBox, then this sometimes is necessary.

Second, if the issue does not get resolved, make sure you have the "main" repository active.  You can check this from within Synaptic, which is a package manager, or by going and checking /etc/apt/sources.list for a line that has the ubuntu archive mirror and 'main' on the same line.

If none of these options help, and 'main' is active, then you may just not be able to given your IT policies and firewall settings on your corporate network.


Usually whenever you upgrade an existing installation all the files you keep in the /home directories will be kept untouched. This includes not only your personal documents, but also application settings, desktop appearance, e-mail accounts, browser preferences and history.

But note the word "usually" above. There never is a guarantee that it will work in 100% of cases (imagine a power failure during upgrade...).

It is therefore best advice to

  Backup all data in your home directory

prior to a distribution release upgrade. I always do that.


Unable to mount Windows (NTFS) filesystem due to hibernation

A bug has been filed about the Nautilus dialog you are seeing as it recommends a potentially dangerous option that could result in data loss.  Please do not run the command in this dialog unless you want to delete your saved Windows session and potentially lose unsaved work.

  Explanation: Why Linux can't open hibernated Windows partitions:

  You are seeing this error because you hibernated Windows instead of
  turning it off the normal way (in newer versions of Windows, hibernate
  might be the default option).

  Hibernating saves the current state information to the hard disk and then powers down the computer.
  Shutting down the computer closes all programs and ends all running processes before powering down the computer.

  When you turn off Windows by hibernating it, you are essentially
  pausing the system and saving all of that information (into a big file
  called hiberfil.sys)  This way when you resume from hibernation all
  of your applications and files will be exactly how you left them.  It
  also sets a flag in hiberfil.sys to let other Operating Systems know
  that Windows is hibernated.

  Making changes to your Windows (ntfs) partition while it is
  hibernated could be dangerous--it could cause Windows to not resume
  from hibernation or to crash after resuming.  Because of this, the
  tool (ntfs-3g) that mounts (opens) the partition will not mount it
  in read-write mode if it sees a hibernation flag.  As such, Nautilus,
  the default file browser, will not be able to automatically open this
  partition--hence the error message that you see--because it is trying
  to open it in read-write mode.

Workaround for all versions of Windows:

There are three ways to mount a hibernated Windows partition:

Boot into Windows and power down the system by shutting it down
completely.  You may then boot back into Ubuntu and the partition will mount in read-write mode automatically when you open it in Nautilus.  Note that the "Shut Down" option may not be the one
displayed in your start menu by default.  You may need to click the
button next to it to see further options.
Manually mount the filesystem in read only mode.

Check to see if you have a mount point (folder for mounting your partition in) for your Windows partition in the folder /media
using this command:

ls /media
If you don't see a folder for your Windows partition, you should create one with the following command:

sudo mkdir /media/windows
Next, mount the partition in read-only mode onto this folder with this command:

mount -t ntfs-3g -o ro /dev/sda3 /media/windows

Note that you should change /media/windows if your mountpoint is called something else.
Now you will be able to view/open files on your Windows partition using any program in Ubuntu.  However you will not be able to write
to the partition or modify any files as it is in read only mode.

If you need to mount the partition in read-write mode and are not
able to or willing to boot into Windows and shut it down completely
there is a third option.  However, it is not included here because it completely deletes hiberfil.sys and will cause you to lose all
unsaved information in the hibernated Windows programs.  The following is a quotation
from man ntfs-3g about the option that would be used to do this.

remove_hiberfile
              Unlike in case of  read-only  mount,  the  read-write  mount  is
              denied  if  the  NTFS  volume is hibernated. One needs either to
              resume Windows and shutdown it  properly,  or  use  this  option
              which  will  remove  the  Windows hibernation file. Please note,
              this means that the saved Windows  session  will  be  completely
              lost. Use this option under your own responsibility.

Solution (only for Windows 8 and 10):

There is a new feature in Windows 8 called Fast Startup. If this feature is enabled (which it is by default), Windows 8 does not actually completely shutdown when you choose shutdown. Instead, it does a "hybrid shutdown". This is something like hibernating; it makes booting Windows 8 back up faster. So, you need to disable this feature to be able to shut it down properly, and be able to mount the Windows partitions. To do this, boot into your Windows 8 and:

  Note: disabling Fast Startup will most likely make your Windows 8 take a longer time to boot. There are no "exact" numbers, but let's say that if it took you 10 seconds to boot into Windows 8, it will now take you 50 seconds after disabling this feature.

Open Control Panel in the small icons view and click on Power Options. (see screenshot 1)
Click on Choose what the power buttons do. (see screenshot 2)
Click on Change settings that are currently unavailable.
(see screenshot 3)
Uncheck Turn on fast startup (recommended). (see screenshot 4)

Click on Save changes. Now, shutdown Windows 8 and boot back into Ubuntu.

If you still aren't able to mount without getting errors, you may need to turn off hibernation completely. Open an elevated Command Prompt (right click on the shortcut, click on “Run as Administrator”), and input:

powercfg /h off

Source: Fast Startup - Turn On or Off in Windows 8.


How to execute g++ code and run it as well using execl

The problem was with the path of the source file. You are giving absolute path of the file, i.e. /Desktop/assignment/p2code.cpp but I think your source file is located at ~/Desktop/assignment. Also, your xterm is currently in ~/Desktop/assignment directory. And I assume that there is no folder like Desktop in / directory. So, replace /Desktop/assignment/p2code.cpp with ~/Desktop/assignment/p2code.cpp(if you want to give absolute path) or source file name, i.e. p2code.cpp(since xterm is currently in the directory where source file is located).


Installation "Sticks" on Acer Aspire One ZG5

This sort of problem is most often caused by bad installation media.

Did you MD5 test the .iso image before you wrote it to the USB flash drive? If not, please do that now. If that doesn't check out, you'll have to redownload the .iso image, MD5 test the new image, and (assuming the new one checks out) write it to the USB flash drive again.

Did you verify that the live USB was written correctly and is readable by the machine on which you're installing? To do that, boot from it, and immediately when you see the person and keyboard icons at the bottom center of the screen, press Spacebar, select your language, and select "Check disc for defects". (This goes for USB flash drives as well as CD's and DVD's.) If that doesn't check out, you'll have to re-write the .iso image to the USB flash drive (and run this test on it again).

(If both of those things check out, then your installation medium is probably fine after all. In that case, please edit your question to include the information that Jorge Castro requested in his comment. If you cannot take and post a picture, then you can instead write down--or type in, if you have a second computer--the full and exact text of the error messages, and edit your question to include that.)


Bash script to rename files in a directory

#!/bin/bash
cd $1
for f in *; do
mv  "$f" "${f%.*}.bu"
done


If you've CUPS installed, you can easily add a "PDF Printer" by installing the cups-pdf package:

sudo apt-get install cups-pdf

or since Ubuntu 16.04

sudo apt-get install printer-driver-cups-pdf

The pdf printer provided by that package will "print" the resulting PDFs into the /home/[user]/PDF directory.


Is it possible to mount samba shares with ubuntu touch (bq aquaris 4.5)?

It is not possible to mount these shares, no. The cifs kernel support is not build into the kernel used for the phone images.

It would be possible to build an app to browse such shares using the CIFS protocol entirely in user space, but it would not be able to maintain persistent mounts or such, due to the application life cycle.


How to unlock all tracks in Linux version of SuperTuxKart 0.9?

Yay, I finally figured this out!

Find your configuration directory -- mine was in ~/.config/supertuxkart/0.8.2/.

Open players.xml and find where the challenges are listed under the <story-mode> tag.

Change all occurrences of solved="none" to solved="easy". (You can also say solved="hard"; I'm not sure what the difference is.)

Sources:

http://forum.freegamedev.net/viewtopic.php?t=6289&p=63809
https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/33dosv/supertuxkart_09_released_full_review/.


How can I read man pages in my native language?

Install the package named language-pack-<two letter language code>
e.g. sudo apt-get install language-pack-es for Spanish
Install the package named manpages-<two letter language code>
e.g. apt-get install manpages-es for Spanish man pages.
Set your LANG environment variable to <language>_<country>.<encoding>,
e.g. LANG=es_ES.UTF-8
Run man

List of language codes.


There's a program called granola which is theoretically used for energy saving. Instead of that, I use it for using the full speed of my CPU. To install it, if you're NOT using Quantal, just follow the instructions on the download page. Note it's freeware, to download it for free enter just $0 on the Custom Ammount  textbox before downloading.

If you use Quantal, you'll have to download the debs from here if you use 32-bit, and from here if you use 64-bit. Download only granola_5.0.15-0quantal1_amd64.deb (or replace amd64 with i386 if you're using 32-bit) and granola-gui_5.0.15-0quantal1_amd64.deb (also replace amd64 with i386 if you're using 32-bit). Download them on a new subfolder, e.g. ~/Downloads/granola. Then install them entering a terminal and running the following commands:

$ cd path/to/folder
$ sudo dpkg -i *.deb

(replace path/to/folder with the relative or absolute path to the folder where you downloaded the debs)

That's all what you have to do. As they have a Quantal repo, I assume they'll be adding it on their automatic installer soon, but when I tried it two days ago, it didn't still work.

After installing Granola, search Granola on the dash and open it. Go to menu - Edit - Preferences and select Highest power. Then just open the startup applications configurator, and add a new entry with the name Granola and the command granola. Just save, and Granola will run each time you boot. You can do lscpu the check it. Look at mine before:

unrar@catbuntupc:~/bots/git$ lscpu
Architecture:          x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                2
On-line CPU(s) list:   0,1
Hilo(s) por núcleo:   1
Núcleo(s) por zócalo:2
Socket(s):             1
Nodo(s) NUMA:          1
ID del vendedor:       GenuineIntel
Familia de CPU:        6
Modelo:                15
Stepping:              13
CPU MHz:               800.000
BogoMIPS:              3989.98
caché L1d:            32K
caché L1i:            32K
caché L2:             2048K
NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0,1

And after:

unrar@catbuntupc:~/bots/git$ lscpu
Architecture:          x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                2
On-line CPU(s) list:   0,1
Hilo(s) por núcleo:   1
Núcleo(s) por zócalo:2
Socket(s):             1
Nodo(s) NUMA:          1
ID del vendedor:       GenuineIntel
Familia de CPU:        6
Modelo:                15
Stepping:              13
CPU MHz:               2000.000
BogoMIPS:              3989.98
caché L1d:            32K
caché L1i:            32K
caché L2:             2048K
NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0,1


The "vi" command that comes with Ubuntu is actually just linked to vim, with options that disable several of its features, putting it in a sort of "vi compatibility mode", the same as using the :set compatible command.

The original "vi" itself is ancient, and has a license that would not allow it to be distributed with Ubuntu.  It has a number of spiritual successors in the form of open source editors that emulate it, but the most popular of these is vim, followed by nvi and elvis.

vim is the most popular successor to vi, and adds many helpful features, many which you are used to and probably think of as being part of vi, but in reality are features added to vim.  vim aims for improved usability.
nvi is another editor that attempts to more closely emulate the original vi, but has since gone on to add many improvements.
elvis is another editor that attempts to closely emulate the original vi but add extra features.  elvis is the vi-like editor used by Slackware Linux.
busybox is a multi-purpose executable that includes a vi-like editor, but also includes a number of other command line tools.  It is designed for embedded systems and devices with very low memory or storage space.  Its vi-like editor is a vi clone optimised for very low size and memory use.
neovim is a fork of vim intended to implement some features vim is seen to lack.  It was once heralded as the new vim replacement but its growth has been slower than some hoped during initial enthusiasm about the project.

The reasons you're having problems is that you're trying to use vim commands in vim's "vi compatibility mode" which disables these features.

I don't see any value in limiting yourself to just the commands that were in the original vi, as that editor is not really relevant anymore and you may as well benefit from the increased usability and functionality of vim or one of the other clones.


Volume blinking up and down rapidly on Gnome Shell

I've fixed the issue, no problem now, you have to disable the auto-mute option in alsamixer.

as you said in an edit to your post


Why can't I open anything I download from the internet?

Go under Options -> General tab

Under Downloads select ask where to save files.


How To Install GraphViz For PHP On Ubunutu

You should install the graphviz package via apt:

$ sudo apt-get install graphviz

Then Image_Graphviz is able to use the dot command that is provided by graphviz.


Huawei E303C Problem / Problema con Modem Huawei E303C

Had tested many solutions to this problem without any success. Lately after many of looking about this i finally found the magic solution.

I called magic cuz its like windows install something and work jiji, check it out the applicacion had many countries to work already preconfigured.

It worked for me Ubuntu 12.04. liquorix kernel, Movistar Argentina. Huawei e303c.

http://movilforum.com/escritoriomovistar/

If you use it, beware it removes modem-manager


It could be your firewall causing the problem. Try opening port 8081 with iptables like this:

sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 8081 -j ACCEPT

Or if you're using UFW:

sudo ufw allow 8081


Install INAV Configurator in Ubuntu MATE

Visit the release page.

Download Configurator for Linux platform (currently INAV-Configurator_linux64_2.5.0.tar.gz as shown in the screenshot in step 3).

Extract tar.gz archive which is marked by the mouse cursor in the below screenshot with Archive Manager.

As you can see in the screenshot INAV-Configurator_linux64_2.5.0.tar.gz is right there in the Downloads folder where you commented that you downloaded it.

Make the inav-configurator file executable with chmod +x inav-configurator. If you skip this important step and don't give inav-configurator execution permissions it will return a permissions error when you try to execute it in step 5.

Run INAV Configurator app from the unpacked folder. From a terminal change directories with cd (Ubuntu documentation Using The Terminal) to the directory named INAV Configurator which contains a file named inav-configurator. If you drag the inav-configurator file from the file manager into the terminal it will print its path and you can cd to that path. Run inav-configurator with this command:
./inav-configurator

The INAV Configurator GUI looks like this when you're finished.


I don't think it's a Geany issue.

Try the following code:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <locale.h>
int main()
{
    setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
    fwprintf(stdout, L"γειά σου κόσμος\n");
    return 0;
}

The key line for me is setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");. I would also revert the encoding to UTF-8.

Alternatively you can just use printf:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
    printf("γειά σου κόσμος\n");
    return 0;
}


The answer: Yes.

Ubuntu is an operating system, just like Windows, and just like you can create open source software on Windows, you can create closed (and open) software on Ubuntu - just because the operating system is open sourced doesn't mean everything is open sourced.

While selling it isn't really your question, it is indeed possible to sell commercial, closed source software in Ubuntu.

  Yes, you can distribute proprietary software through Ubuntu by joining the Ubuntu Application Developer programme. In some cases the software is provided without a charge, and the developer makes money through advertising or upsells. In other cases a software license is sold to the user giving them rights to the software. Both systems are allowed in the Developer Programme.

via the Ubuntu Developer portals commercial software FAQ


There was an issue with Gnome 3.10 breaking Unity a few months back, but that has been fixed.   More in that issue here and here. However, I know of no issues with Unity breaking Gnome.

If you wish to install Unity you can either use the command line(terminal) or the Software Center(can't remember what it is called in Gnome, Munon?)

In a terminal type

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

in the Software Center search for ubuntu-desktop -search exactly as typed, including the hypen to find it easier.

Either way will download and install Unity and all the programs that go with it....In my system it shows as 9.5MB to download and 32MB once installed but I think that is only the Unity desktop, with all other programs, I would expect it to be near 100MB download, about 300MB after install.

After you install Unity select "Ubuntu" as the DE on login by clicking on the icon in the upper right of the box you type your password in.  The menu will open allowing you to select Gnome or Unity.

You can switch between them without rebooting but you will have to log out of one and into the other so you will lose any unsaved info when you log out.


How do we install PHP extensions for Phoronix Test Suite?

Installing the package php5-json worked for me in Ubuntu 13.10:

sudo apt-get install php5-json


Upgrade Ubuntu LTS to a Version that supports MacBook retina

To update your kernel you can use a guide like: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/MainlineBuilds (but you could just google for it)

Installing upstream kernels

To boot into an upstream kernel you only need to download and install the image.deb package that corresponds to your architecture. In addition, if you need to build any external modules you also need the correspinding headers-_.deb and headers-_all.deb packages.

For example, let us use http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.14.4-utopic/.
If you were testing i386, you would want those marked A.
If you were testing amd64, B.
(Use generic kernel unless you have a special need for lowlatency kernel, such as audio production.)

B  linux-headers-3.14.4-031404-generic_3.14.4-031404.201405130853_amd64.deb

A  linux-headers-3.14.4-031404-generic_3.14.4-031404.201405130853_i386.deb

linux-headers-3.14.4-031404-lowlatency_3.14.4-031404.201405130853_amd64.deb

linux-headers-3.14.4-031404-lowlatency_3.14.4-031404.201405130853_i386.deb

AB linux-headers-3.14.4-031404_3.14.4-031404.201405130853_all.deb

B  linux-image-3.14.4-031404-generic_3.14.4-031404.201405130853_amd64.deb

A  linux-image-3.14.4-031404-generic_3.14.4-031404.201405130853_i386.deb

linux-image-3.14.4-031404-lowlatency_3.14.4-031404.201405130853_amd64.deb

linux-image-3.14.4-031404-lowlatency_3.14.4-031404.201405130853_i386.deb

Once you have those downloaded they will need to be installed using dpkg:

sudo dpkg -i *.deb

When this process completes you should have a new entry on your boot menu representing the upstream kernel. This will appear as an entry like this:

Ubuntu Trusty, kernel 3.14.4-031404-generic

Updating Gnome to 3.12:

This step is taking from: http://linuxg.net/how-to-install-gnome-3-12-on-ubuntu-gnome-14-04-trusty-tahr/

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get install bijiben polari gnome-clocks gnome-weather gnome-maps gnome-music gnome-photos gnome-documents gnome-contacts epiphany-browser gnome-sushi gnome-boxes gnome-shell-extensions

Now you should logout and log back in to Gnome 3.12.


Xorg blank screen - after installing nVIDIA drivers v361/v367 (and card not used for display)

It turns out the problem is not really, or note entirely, with the X server - which does load. It's the display manager I was using by default - SDDM; or perhaps some functionality it tries to use, and fails. If I switch to LXDM as the display manager and LXDE as the desktop environment, that works.

So - not quite a solution, but a workaround.


lost space in Ubuntu 12.04 along with windows 7

Use gparted to see the partition on your hard disk. I cannot understand: you have 2 partitions (1 windows and 1 ubuntu) of 500 gb each?
Otherwise You can use gparted to move or resize the partition. In windows 7 you can use the Device Manager to expand your hard disk also.


12.04: Persistent Gimp 2.2 from Gimphoto or Gimpshop. Cannot install 2.8

Ubuntu 12.04 does not come with Gimp 2.8, it still includes Gimp 2.6.

If you want to try 2.8, you can either wait until Ubuntu 12.10 comes out, or to add a PPA for Gimp 2.8. Here are the instructions how to install Gimp 2.8 on WebUpd8.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:otto-kesselgulasch/gimp
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gimp

Before doing this you might run find / -name gimp to find and possibly remove all files with that name - I suspect that you just have a file with this name in your home directory or something like that, that's why entering gimp interminal starts some installer.


This can be done by using the usb-creator-gtk tool (also called Startup Disk Creator) in Ubuntu. All you need is an Ubuntu cd image somewhere on your Ubuntu machine

In the Startup Disk Creator tool, just choose how much "reserved extra space" needs to be used to save documents and settings. This option appears in the first screen that this tool shows.

Then, you can boot your laptop or other computer from this USB disk, and use it like a normal computer - your documents can be stored on USB and used later.


Can I try LibreOffice 3.4 without installing it?

It is possible to install LibreOffice in a directory, and run it from there.

For more, see

How to run different OpenOffice.org
versions in parallel (needs
refinement for LibreOffice)?
How to install LibreOffice in a directory
for Ubuntu?


When/why do I need to make/install linux headers?

You need the linux headers when you plan to develop and compile on the machine where you've installed Ubuntu.

If you build an appliance dedicated to a specific task, you are certainly not willing to compile on it.

If you need to compile your own application, you will do this on an different system. A development one and copy the compiled code to the appliance.


How can I export an .xoj file to pdf so that the whole file is exported, not just my edits?

Instead of opening the .pdf file directly, I selected "annotate pdf" from the file menu. That opened a dialogue box that allowed me to choose the file to edit. Once done, exporting as .pdf resulted in the complete file - original and edit - to be viewed.

(Leaving this here in case anyone else runs across this problem.)


Failed to connect to http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/meta-release-lts after upgrade

From https://ubuntu-mate.community:
I edited "/etc/update-manager/meta-release"
...from https to http:
[METARELEASE]
URI_LTS = http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/meta-release-lts
For me it solved the issue.


How to find out the name of the packages involved in the proprietary driver?

To see a list of third-party drivers.

jockey-text -l


changing the icon theme has no effect (13.04)

Bother it; if nobody knows how to fix this, I'll simply put absolute paths in all the .desktop files. Simple but effective.


Ubuntu 12.04 key bindings not working in IntelliJ Idea 12

Check the key bindings in Ubuntu and Idea. Some key-constellations do overlap. The system prefers Ubuntu keybindings.


Remapping keys with the control modifier using xmodmap is possible, but unreliable.  For example:

xmodmap -e "keycode 58 Shift_L Control_L = m M Return"

is a legal key mapping, and it will work in the terminal, and in a handful of GUI applications (those using Xt), but not in Gtk or Qt apps, which generally intercept the control key directly, bypassing the mapping.

If you're willing to install and run AutoKey, you can configure it to do what you want.  Install the autokey-gtk package and configure a phrase like this:


Can not watch any videos on Youtube using Ubuntu 14.04

This was caused by a lack of Nvidia drivers.

Simply running

sudo apt-get install nvidia-364

will fix the issue.


What are root and Ubuntu password in LXC ubuntu:16.04 container?

After creating container "first" need set password for user "ubuntu"

lxc exec first -- /bin/bash
passwd ubuntu
exit

Then you can attach to console(or ssh - if ssh installed and configured)

lxc console first

UPDATE:
 As Piter wrote "You don't even have to enter the bash-shell"

lxc exec first -- passwd ubuntu


wget works one server for a url but gets 403 forbidden on another

Not sure that anyone cares, but from Canada:

$ wget www.fivestarmazda.com/index.htm
--2018-03-14 17:04:34--  http://www.fivestarmazda.com/index.htm
Resolving www.fivestarmazda.com (www.fivestarmazda.com)... 151.101.52.247
Connecting to www.fivestarmazda.com (www.fivestarmazda.com)|151.101.52.247|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: https://www.fivestarmazda.com/index.htm [following]
--2018-03-14 17:04:34--  https://www.fivestarmazda.com/index.htm
Connecting to www.fivestarmazda.com (www.fivestarmazda.com)|151.101.52.247|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: / [following]
--2018-03-14 17:04:35--  https://www.fivestarmazda.com/
Reusing existing connection to www.fivestarmazda.com:443.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 283589 (277K) [text/html]
Saving to: ‘index.htm’

index.htm              100%[==========================>] 276.94K  1.78MB/s    in 0.2s

2018-03-14 17:04:35 (1.78 MB/s) - ‘index.htm’ saved [283589/283589]

Oops there goes another 280KB lost.


first log in - how to enter as a user account and not as guest

I don't know if this will work, but try sudo gnome-terminal and press Enter without typing a password.

If it does work, type adduser [your name] and fill in the information.  Log out after that and log into your new user account.

This problem was probably caused by skipping a step of the setup, or possibly from a modified iso that had that part removed, if you didn't get the iso from a reliable source.


Ubuntu GNOME 16.10 hibernate not working

enabling hibernate by the steps from https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/ubuntu-help/power-hibernate.html makes hibernate work (without the hibernate package), tested by setting hibernate to the powerbutton action with gnome-tweak-tool.


Generate a dependency graph for the whole system

Here is a hacky way to do it in Python.
First write all installed packages to a file.
apt list --installed > installed_packages.txt

Iterate over that list and get first order dependencies of every package with debtree. This can take quite some time, if you have a lot packages (Mostly lib*).
This script is best run in an interactive environment like Jupyter Lab. It caches all work in edges_dict and skips the retrieval process if it already has an entry.
import json
import subprocess

names = [package.split("/")[0] for package in open("installed_packages.txt").read().split("\n")[1:-1]]

edges_dict = dict()

command = "debtree --with-suggests --max-depth 1 {}"
for name in names:
    if name not in edges_dict.keys():
        try:
            process = subprocess.Popen(command.format(name).split(), stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
            output, error = process.communicate()
            if error is None:
                g = nx.drawing.nx_pydot.read_dot(StringIO(output.decode()))
                edges_dict[name] = list(g.edges())
            else:
                print(name, error)
        except:
            print(name, "Failed")

json.dump(edges_dict, open("edges.json", "w"))
edges_dict = json.load(open("edges.json"))

With this data you can either create a graph with networkx...
import networkx as nx
g = nx.DiGraph()
for name, edges in edges_dict.items():
    g.add_edges_from(edges)

or a DataFrame with pandas.
data = list()
for name, edges in edges_dict.items():
    for node1, node2 in edges:
        data.append([name, node1, node2])

df = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=["name", "package", "dependency"])

# many packages have themself as a dependency
df = df[df["package"] != df["dependency"]]

I hope that helps :)


how to get gnome environment while working in gnome

Install desktop Environment (gnome)

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get upgrade

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3

$ sudo apt-get install ubuntu-gnome-desktop

$ sudo apt-get install xorg gnome-core gnome-system-tools gnome-app-install

restart & log in
or

you can also install the gnome 3 (fedora luncher)

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3
$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install gnome-shell ubuntu-gnome-desktop

When prompted, select the login manager of choice (LightDM is the default Unity manager and GDM is the GNOME default -- either will work).
When the installation completes, close the terminal and reboot the system.
Select GNOME at the login screen and log in.


How to install programs on other Ubuntu machines without using the Internet

Yes it is possible.

Those file are stored in /var/apt/cache/archives.

You can copy those files manually or use software like AptonCD.

But this will require you to update the source file using apt-get which is also a   pain in slow internet connections.

What I would recommend is to,

Customize a live CD to include all necessary software and use that media to install it in other system.

You use UCK for this purpose.

Another possible way is

Install ubuntu in one computer. Update with necessary software.

Use remastersys to create an image of your system and use it for installation in others.


Why did libllvm4.0 require the autoremove command?

You can hardily remove libllvm4.0 from the system. g++ does not require it unless you use clang++. I assume the library was sometime installed as a dependency and is not more needed after system updates or some removed program.


how to prevent standard users from seeing hidden files?

Your last comment says, you actually wanted to prevent users from seeing all hidden files (those starting with .). This is not possible in Linux and this will never going to help in security.
Because Linux uses .hidden files almost everywhere, even a users shell configuration is stored in hidden files (such as .bashrc, .zshrc etc). If you remove the read permission from it, all users settings will be removed.
Take another example. Firefox uses .mozilla directory for a user in their home. If you remove read permission, firefox will not function normally. You can remove execution bit from the directory, but it won't prevent users seeing the name of the .mozilla directory, though they can't access further.
You might be thinking that the purpose of those .hidden files are security, but it isn't. The main goal of not showing files/dirs starting with . is cleanliness. The thought was a user only need to see those files who s/he uses regularly.
So, the only way to revoke standard users' seeing permission is, using Linux standard permission settings. See these questions

Setting Read/Write/Execute Permissions in Linux

How do I set executable permissions on a removable drive?

Change folder permissions and ownership

Prevent Ctrl-H from showing hidden files.
If you want to still prevent users from using Ctrl-H, you can apply a trick. Setting a bogus command for that same keyboard shortcut.
To do so in Unity, Go to the System Settings -> Keyboard. In the Shortcut tab, click Custom Shortcut and then the + button. Set anything as the name field and in the command use /bin/bash -c "echo". Click apply.
Then click on the shortcut name at the right end and press Ctrl-H. This will override the shortcut and you can't see hidden files by using shortcut.
Note As I already said, this will not prevent users from seeing hidden files by using menu options or other means.


My command runs in bash, but not from /etc/init, what have I done wrong?

The deluge docs have something similar to yours but I think this is a hangover from very old versions of Upstart. I'd try simplifying it down to something like this first:

description "Deluge daemon"
author "Deluge Team"

start on filesystem and static-network-up
stop on runlevel [016]

respawn
respawn limit 5 30

setuid debian-deluged
setgid debian-deluged
umask 007

exec /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/deluged -L info -l /var/log/deluged/server.log -c /var/opt/deluged/config -p 8112 -- -d

And then if that still doesn't work, check the permissions on /var/log/deluged/ and /var/log/deluged/server.log (that the debian-deluged user can write there). If it's still not working then, the upstart log files might help you out. Yours will be /var/log/upstart/deluged.log. If that shows nothing, we could just try launching the command as the right user:

sudo -u debian-deluged -g debian-deluged /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/deluged -L info -l /var/log/deluged/server.log -c /var/opt/deluged/config -p 8112 -- -d


Here is what you can do:

Boot from a Windows Live CD (I assume you know how to modify the boot order
Choose Repair
Choose Command Prompt
Run bootrec /fixmbr then bootrec /fixboot
Profit!

Basically, you forgot to fix your MBR to boot Windows, so your computer fails to boot because it cannot find GRUB. Follow the instructions here for a full guide on uninstalling Ubuntu from a multiboot setup.


Unity Top Panel spread on both dual monitor. Necessary?

It's not possible, and I see a problem with the menus if it's done that way.

Anyway, I don't expect that showing the panel in two monitors is consuming much more resources than displaying it only in one. So it makes little sense to remove it for performance reasons.


Does logrotate handle wildcards the same as ls?

Yes it does see man logrotate, but note the warning:

  Please use wildcards with caution.  If you specify *, logrotate will rotate all files, including previously rotated
         ones.  A way around this is to use the olddir directive or a more exact wildcard (such as *.log).


How can I prevent a user from changing their password?

Change the password minimum age:

sudo chage -m 99999 <username>

If the user is clever enough and he has sudo priviledges, you'll have a hard time trying to stop him. If you remove passwd permissions he could fix it running sudo chmod u+xs /usr/bin/passwd. If you rename passwd file he could fix it running sudo apt-get install --reinstall passwd.

I think all you could do is to give a group (or a user) the rights to run specifics commands. If you allow them to run arbitrary commands and you try to deny them running specific commands like passwd, bash or anything "harmful", that could be easily bypassed by cp /bin/bash ~/myshell; sudo ./myshell.


How to install ubuntu in VMware on a Windows 10 home version laptop with AMD A8 processor

Alright you're not too far off going straight into BIOS but we need more information to help you with that problem...

So to my knowledge your processor should support virtualization (as I believe most A series chips do) but if you can provide a version then we can confirm that you do have a virtualization enabled CPU

And the larger problem is likely going to be with your motherboard. If the setting isn't present in the BIOS that's dependant on your motherboard's firmware. If the motherboard doesn't support AMD-V you're stuck looking at custom BIOS or a new motherboard (both of which aren't favourable). There is a remote chance that by running a VM on the machine the BIOS will enable virtualization automatically, I've done this in the past by using virutalBox and opening the VM without virutalization enabled and then resetting. This caused my BIOS to turn on virtalization on the next boot. That was for an Atom on a Surface 3 (Don't ask I know it's not an 'Ideal' situation) though sooo like I said remote chance.

Sooooooo finally, for us to be able to fix your problem we need your motherboard model and your CPU model (you can provide CPU model with a screen cap of the CPU page of task manager). And make sure the BIOS on your motherboard is up to date with the firmware from the manufacturer.

UPDATE

Your processor supports it so says AMD but your BIOS doesn't and likely won't because Lenovo. Your only option is to run custom firmware for your BIOS which would be dangerous and may not even be available.

Good luck


How do I change the desktop name on the Unity panel?

There's a much quicker way than doug's method, by abusing the gettext translation system. Assuming you are using an English locale:

#Make a temporary text file using vim/gedit/cat/whatever
cat > /tmp/foo.po
msgid "Ubuntu Desktop"
msgstr "A Badger With A Gun"
^D

cd /usr/share/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES
sudo msgfmt -o unity.mo /tmp/foo.po

Then, either log out and back in, or just execute:

unity --replace


Bash Shell Scripts: Although apt-get update Failed, The Exit Status Is 0, Writing Automatic Update Scripts With Utilizing Exit Staus

To understand why apt or apt-get returns 0, even when you encounter an error, you should first know that these commands are also a program which was developed by some programmer. Hence the values returned to the terminal are also decided by the developer of the program.
The only case when I have seen apt not work is when it is executed without sudo
Here is a snippet when apt is executed without superuser privilege :
mars@HP-Notebook:~/Desktop/Practice/cpp$ apt update
Reading package lists... Done
E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/apt/lists/lock - open (13: Permission denied)
E: Unable to lock directory /var/lib/apt/lists/
W: Problem unlinking the file /var/cache/apt/pkgcache.bin - RemoveCaches (13: Permission denied)
W: Problem unlinking the file /var/cache/apt/srcpkgcache.bin - RemoveCaches (13: Permission denied)
mars@HP-Notebook:~/Desktop/Practice/cpp$ echo $?
100

As you can see that the exit code is not 0. Hence we can conclude that command or program was not executed.
Let's take another case, when there is no internet connection :
mars@HP-Notebook:~/Desktop/Practice/cpp$ sudo apt update
Err:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease
  Could not resolve 'security.ubuntu.com'
Err:2 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
  Could not resolve 'dl.google.com'
Err:3 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
  Could not resolve 'in.archive.ubuntu.com'
Err:4 https://download.sublimetext.com apt/stable/ InRelease
  Could not resolve 'download.sublimetext.com'
Err:5 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease
  Could not resolve 'in.archive.ubuntu.com'
Err:6 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease
  Could not resolve 'in.archive.ubuntu.com'
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
All packages are up to date.
W: Failed to fetch http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic/InRelease  Could not resolve 'in.archive.ubuntu.com'
W: Failed to fetch http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic-updates/InRelease  Could not resolve 'in.archive.ubuntu.com'
W: Failed to fetch http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic-backports/InRelease  Could not resolve 'in.archive.ubuntu.com'
W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic-security/InRelease  Could not resolve 'security.ubuntu.com'
W: Failed to fetch https://download.sublimetext.com/apt/stable/InRelease  Could not resolve 'download.sublimetext.com'
W: Failed to fetch http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/dists/stable/InRelease  Could not resolve 'dl.google.com'
W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
mars@HP-Notebook:~/Desktop/Practice/cpp$ echo $?
0

As you see the exit code is 0 even though we encountered an error. The reason for this is that the program or command did execute successfully. However it was unable to update the package lists for upgrades of packages that need upgrading.
The only explanation for this is that the developer of apt command didn't consider the failed to update the package list as an error to stop the command itself and return an error exit status code. Instead the command provides warnings after execution.
To give a better understanding I am going to take an example of C program:
#include<stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    if(argc==2)
        printf("Welcome Master %s\n", argv[1]);
    else {
        fprintf(stderr, "Usage : %s <name>\n", argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

Output:
mars@HP-Notebook:~/Desktop/Practice/cpp$ ./batman
Usage : ./batman <name>
mars@HP-Notebook:~/Desktop/Practice/cpp$ echo $?
1
mars@HP-Notebook:~/Desktop/Practice/cpp$ ./batman Bruce
Welcome Master Bruce
mars@HP-Notebook:~/Desktop/Practice/cpp$ echo $?
0

As you can see there are 2 different exit status code, because as a programmer I considered that command executed with no argument is an error and should be terminated with exit code "1". ( I could choose any value ). And if command executed successfully I returned "0" as exit status code which signifies that no error was encountered.
Lets take another example :
#include<stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    if(argc==2)
        printf("Welcome Master %s\n", argv[1]);
    else
        printf("ERROR!!\nUsage : %s <name>\n", argv[0]);

    return 0;
}

Output:
mars@HP-Notebook:~/Desktop/Practice/cpp$ ./batman_error
ERROR!!
Usage : ./batman_error <name>
mars@HP-Notebook:~/Desktop/Practice/cpp$ echo $?
0
mars@HP-Notebook:~/Desktop/Practice/cpp$ ./batman_error Bruce
Welcome Master Bruce
mars@HP-Notebook:~/Desktop/Practice/cpp$ echo $?
0

Again the same program but this time the programmer ( i.e. me ) did not consider to terminate the program with a different exit status code. Hence even though terminal prints an output of Error the exit status code is "0".
Conclusion
It is up to the developer of the program which value to return ( i.e. exit status code ) depending upon the situation.
I hope this clears the concept of exit status code.

Suggestion on your bash script
I saw that you are using a loop which will try to execute apt update command 10 times if it was not executed successfully. To be honest if it didn't work the first time it won't work the next 9 times as well. Hence creating a loop is just pointless.
Now if you want to check for an error use nested if-else conditions. You can check for status code on first level and to check for error with execution of apt on second level (i.e. with exit code "0" ) you can use something like :
sudo apt update | grep "Err"

if grep was able to fetch a line then store that as an error in your log file, else update was successful.


Why does the "ln" command need an absolute path?

A symbolic link stores the path you give when you create it. Paths do not work (symlinks are broken), when the file is not actually in that path. Let's make a symlink with a relative path...

zanna@toaster:~/playground$ mkdir linkyland anotherplace
zanna@toaster:~/playground$ cd linkyland
zanna@toaster:~/playground/linkyland$ ln -s sauce target
zanna@toaster:~/playground/linkyland$ file *
target: broken symbolic link to sauce

ln doesn't care whether the source file exists (so if you make a typo in the path, it won't complain). Let's create the file we want to link to and see if that helps:

zanna@toaster:~/playground/linkyland$ > sauce
zanna@toaster:~/playground/linkyland$ file target
target: symbolic link to sauce

Now the link works. We can use only the basename (the last element of the path) because sauce is in the same directory as target, so target can store the path sauce and that is enough information to find the sauce when we need it.

zanna@toaster:~/playground/linkyland$ cd ../anotherplace
zanna@toaster:~/playground/anotherplace$ ln -s sauce target
zanna@toaster:~/playground/anotherplace$ file target
target: broken symbolic link to sauce

That symlink doesn't work because there's no sauce here. The path sauce isn't enough information. (From this point onward I've removed the user@host part of my prompt for easier reading, but I'm showing the part that indicates the current working directory as this shows how the commands work.). We can fix that by using an absolute path to make the symlink:

~/playground/anotherplace$ rm target
~/playground/anotherplace$ ls -s /home/zanna/playground/linkyland/sauce target
~/playground/anotherplace$ file target
target: symbolic link to /home/zanna/playground/linkyland/sauce

However, we could also fix it by making a correct relative path:

~/playground/anotherplace$ rm target
~/playground/anotherplace$ ln -s ../linkyland/sauce target
~/playground/anotherplace$ file target
target: symbolic link to ../linkyland/sauce

So the idea that we need absolute paths is... just wrong. We need a correct path, absolute or relative.

If paths change, symlinks with absolute paths to files in the same directory break, but those with relative paths do not:

~/playground/anotherplace$ cd ../linkyland
~/playground/linkyland$ ln -s /home/zanna/playground/linkyland/sauce target2
~/playground/linkyland$ cd ..
~/playground$ mv linkyland elsewhere
~/playground$ file elsewhere/target*
elsewhere/target: symbolic link to sauce
elsewhere/target2: broken symbolic link to /home/zanna/playground/linkyland/sauce

So it is often preferable to use relative paths. However, if the location of the source file is unlikely to change, but the location of the symlink is likely to change, it would be preferable to use an absolute path:

~/playground$ cd anotherplace
~/playground/anotherplace$ ln -s ../elsewhere/sauce target-rel
~/playground/anotherplace$ ln -s /home/zanna/playground/elsewhere/sauce target-abs
~/playground/anotherplace$ cd ..
~/playground$ mv anotherplace ..
~/playground$ cd ..
~$ file anotherplace/*
anotherplace/target-abs: symbolic link to /home/zanna/playground/elsewhere/sauce
anotherplace/target-rel: broken symbolic link to ../elsewhere/sauce


Why do I have both eth0 and "Wired connection 1" in my 'Network Connections' list?

One are connection profiles of NetworkManager, the other are actual interfaces/devices.

You can configure a multitude of profiles, adding, modifying, deleting them. Then you tell NetworkManager to "activate" the connection on a device. That means, to configure the actual networking interface.

Check
  nmcli connection
vs.
  nmcli device


How to screen capture browsers bookmark dropdown menu?

Like this?

I've done that screen shot with the "xfce4-screenshooter" (which is part of Xubuntu but should be installable on gnome as well.)
I set the "Delay before capturing" to three seconds, selected a region and after selecting it I clicked on the menu/folder icon so it dropped down. Not the most elegant way, since you have to figure out your area without exactly knowing the extend, but it works.


You need to enable the i386 architecture.

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

Then do updates/upgrades:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

And possibly fix any missing packages

sudo apt install --fix-missing

You should now be able to install steam.


The chrome around my windows appears to have disappeared. Any ideas why?

It seems to be a compiz problem. Without using ccsm you can enter hit Alt + F2 and enter the command compiz --replace.


Intel NUC wake from suspend with black screen

This is a known bug, read the workaround at this link
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xfce4-power-manager/+bug/1259339


Removing the Ubuntu 16.04 Operating System

Yes. You need boot using for example Ubuntu Live CD or Live USB and format your device where Ubuntu OS is installed.

For example you have one HDD\SSD where current Ubuntu OS installed. When you completely boot from Live CD/USB, goto Applications -> type in search field "disks" and run Disks app. Then select your HDD\SSD and push Ctrl + Shift + F  to format Partition. Turn Erase switch to ON, select Type of new File System and click Next button (right top corner of current window).

Another way you can run Applications -> GParted and do same with another interface: https://gparted.org/livecd.php


How do you remove individual packages from the list in synaptic package manager?

If I understand you correctly, I don't believe that you can remove entries, or prevent them from showing up in Synaptic Package Manager without removing or disabling your repositories.

However, you can create custom filters based on a variety of criteria:

Start the Synaptic package manager
From the menu, Select Settings, then the Filter sub-menu. From here, you can create a  customized filter to include (or exclude) specific package from appearing in Synaptic.
Create a new filter (and name it accordingly).

Define your filter(s) based on three criteria:

Status of package

Not-installed would be the only box checked in your case.

Section

This tab allows for applying greater granularity to the filter. Say, if you didn't want to see any un-installed packages only from the Graphics category, for example.

Properties

Pattern matching can be specified to include/exclude a specific character sequence.

Return to the main Synaptic window and click the Custom Filters button and then select your newly named filter.


How do I copy files that I just searched for via the command line?

An easier way to do it would be to just use cp.

cp *"DESIGN OF FAULT TOLERANT SYSTEMS"*.pdf /some/folder/


debuild -S in cronjob: how to avoid interactive gpg

Well, for starters you'll need to get the passphrase to your gpg process somehow. You can use any of the following:

--passphrase-fd
Read the passphrase in through a file descriptor
--passphrase-file
Read the passphrase in from a file
--passphrase
Specify the passphrase directly

After that, you'll also want to add --batch and --no-tty. See the gpg man page for more explanation.


Are there any ways to make a key on the keyboard act as 2 keys?

You should be able to use xte or xdotool to do this in combination with xbindkeys; either xte or xdotool are necessary as you need to synthesize two key strokes, which those programs allow you to do.

First, install the programs with:

sudo apt-get install xbindkeys xdotool

Add in your ~/.xbindkeysrc the following:

"xdotool key --delay 100 Up Down"
c:135

The command in quotes has to come first, followed on the second line by the keycode or keysym that you want to use with it; that is my keycode for the Menu key. You can also try using just the keysym (Menu) in place of that keycode. If you have problems, use xev and press your menu key to find your keycode and keysym.

You said you wanted a delay of 0.1 second and xdotool counts the delay in milliseconds, so 100 ms is a tenth of a second (1000ms=1 second). The two keys required are specified at the end of the command; you can change these to say f g if you want to test it in terminal to see if you are getting the correct keypresses.

Now run killall xbindkeys and xbindkeys & so the configuration file is read (or logout and login again) and pressing the menu key will now do what you want.

You may also want to deactivate one of the presets in ~/.xbindkeysrc, as that can cause problems. Please see my answer for this question for more on that.

For more information, see man xdotool, man xbindkeys or the Ubuntu manpages online.


PHP installation appears to be missing the MySQL extension

Just ran into the same error. You'll need to manually enable the mysqli php module and then restart apache:

$ sudo phpenmod mysqli
$ sudo service apache2 restart

After that, it all worked (for me).


One thing I noticed is you're trying to edit a lot of rules in one go.  Let's make this a bit simpler.  Define the rules you want for 'ACCEPT' in a separate group of rules, but then only need one item added to INPUT
iptables -N DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED
iptables -A DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED -p tcp -m tcp --dport 4000 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED -p tcp -m tcp --dport 4001 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED -p tcp -m tcp --dport 4002 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED -p tcp -m tcp --dport 4003 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED -p tcp -m tcp --dport 4005 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3000 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED -p tcp -m tcp --dport 30300 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED -j RETURN

This prepares the rules for what ports to accept in the alternative table called 'DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED'.
Save your iptables rules so you have a base set of rules, AND you keep the DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED table into the foreseeable future.
Now, this set of rules is not yet in line, and I am intentionally leaving off source IP at the moment.  Because we're going to handle it differently - in the INPUT table.
First, yank out all those independent port match rules you've got in the INPUT table.  We'll no longer need them with the DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED table.  Instead, you will have only this single rule in the INPUT table:
iptables -A INPUT -s IPADDRESS -j DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED

... this rule will say "If the source IP is the IP address we want to work with, then take the traffic and check it against the rules in DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED table.
Now, your script will simply do the following instead of handling a plethora of rules:
iptables -D INPUT -s OldIPAddress -j DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED
iptables -A INPUT -s NewIPAddress -j DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED

Just make sure that DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED remains in the environment with the rules I stated - that way you don't need to have individual rules to handle the Source IP data, and only need to define port match rules for the traffic in DYN_PORTS_PERMITTED.  Then, you only have to alter the IP address in a single INPUT rule.
I assume you have a default INPUT rule of DROP in this case, otherwise you have to finesse your rules.


Unless you are wanting to deal with the complexity of an additional layer, RAID, you cannot combine the space of multiple disks to form one storage volume. For "ordinary" users (i.e., no server), there is a lot of flexibility to seamlessly access storage on another location using symbolic links.
You may want to explore RAID, but do not greatly count on it to enlarge a single volume, unless you invest in additional hard drive space. A robust raid requires you to opt for data mirroring, so you need double the space.


How to add "exotic" keyboard layouts on Ubuntu?

The exotic layouts get enabled with the following invocation of gsettings:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.input-sources show-all-sources true


cannot play VTC video file (.mov) using VLC player

Forget it guys. Even VLC player in windows is not playing the video. Only audio plays for those files. But KMplayer in windows plays them fine. I'll adjust with SMplayer in ubuntu


How to enable natural scrolling with Logitech Trackman and libinput

I'm also using xinput to set certain properties for my laptop trackpad. The way I'm doing that is by putting the xinput [set-prop|set-int-prop] commands on my startup script. If you're using Gnome you can add custom command from Startup Applications.


Transparency (opacity) of the Dash is set by the opacity setting for Background Color in the unity plugin settings. (any value above 0 activates the custom background setting

See if you've set it to any value above 0, open compizconfig-settings-manager, (ccsm), & find in the unity plugin settings. If not on 0 then set back to 0


Ubuntu 18.04 - Fresh Install - Interface Hangs/Freezes when changing focus

I was having the same problem.

  Fresh Install 18.04 ( 4.15.0-23-generic )

I'd tried to change between lightdm, sddm and gdm3 and nothing worked.

But then I switched to Plasma (KDE), everything working just fine.

I know that changing from Gnome to Plasma maybe its not a option for you, but for me was and solved the problem.


How to mount HDD containing data to a new system build

After reviewing your process, I didn't see any issue and seems the right process to mount the two news disks. After editing the /etc/fstab file, do a mount -a to ensure to take care the fstab modifications. This will also ensure that your server will properly restart as any bad line may prevent your server from starting properly. If you are unsure, just do a copy of the fstab file somewhere.


I found that installing

gnome-media pulseaudio

seems to fix this


How does one get a hold of the details regarding a system/application crash

The apport-unpack command will output human readable files into a directory provided a .crash file and the name of a directory.

apport-unpack /var/crash/_usr_lib_gnome-settings-daemon_gnome-settings-daemon.1000.crash /home/surgemcgee/gnome_crash


VirtualBox stuck on "Starting Virtual Machine"

Please check if the VBoxSVC service is still running when you try to start the VM with VBox 4.3.18.

Make sure that you have the use I/O APIC, and the Use host I/O cache options are checked.

Also you may want to upgrade to 4.3.20, since it have a lot of fixes over 4.3.18.


I'm using Ubuntu for the first time(Ubuntu 15.04). Does Ubuntu support virtualization?

Use virtualbox,you can intall it directly from ubuntu repository via apt-get install virtualbox


What is the function and use of directory "/usr/share/neofetch/ascii/distro"?

man neofetch has this:

DESCRIPTION
       Neofetch  is  a  CLI  system  information  tool written in BASH.
       Neofetch displays information  about  your  system  next  to  an
       image, your OS logo, or any ASCII file of your choice.

And from the README on the GitHub page which is worth reading to better understand the program:

  Neofetch supports almost 150 different operating systems. From Linux to Windows, all the way to more obscure operating systems like Minix, AIX and Haiku.

That would explain

  What is the function and use of directory “/usr/share/neofetch/ascii/distro”?

because the developer has tried to include ascii art for a variety of operating systems, not just yours or mine, to be displayed alongside technical data of your system.

Re.

  I have noticed names of many distros and have viewed their text, but I am not sure how to choose one.

Normally, the program detects your particular distro (and its flavor) and chooses the appropriate ascii art, if available. So you really don't need to do anything.

But, for whatever reason, you can have the ascii art of some other distro (or its flavor) or some other image altogether.

In the output below, the logo on the left represents Xubuntu even though I'm using Kubuntu:

           `-/osyhddddhyso/-`              dkb@kububb
        .+yddddddddddddddddddy+.           ------------
      :yddddddddddddddddddddddddy:         OS: Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS x86_64
    -yddddddddddddddddddddhdddddddy-       Host: Inspiron 15-3567
   odddddddddddyshdddddddh`dddd+ydddo      Kernel: 4.15.0-43-generic
 `yddddddhshdd-   ydddddd+`ddh.:dddddy`    Uptime: 1 hour, 44 mins
 sddddddy   /d.   :dddddd-:dy`-ddddddds    Packages: 2315
:ddddddds    /+   .dddddd`yy`:ddddddddd:   Shell: bash 4.4.19
sdddddddd`    .    .-:/+ssdyodddddddddds   Resolution: 1366x768
ddddddddy                  `:ohddddddddd   DE: KDE
dddddddd.                      +dddddddd   WM: KWin
sddddddy                        ydddddds   Theme: Breeze Dark [KDE], MyBreeze-Dark [GTK2/3]
:dddddd+                      .oddddddd:   Icons: Breeze-dark [KDE], Breeze [GTK2/3]
 sdddddo                   ./ydddddddds    Terminal: konsole
 `yddddd.              `:ohddddddddddy`    Terminal Font: Hack 11
   oddddh/`      `.:+shdddddddddddddo      CPU: Intel i3-6006U (2) @ 2.000GHz
    -ydddddhyssyhdddddddddddddddddy-       GPU: Intel HD Graphics 520
      :yddddddddddddddddddddddddy:         Memory: 1000MiB / 7846MiB
        .+yddddddddddddddddddy+.
           `-/osyhddddhyso/-`

The command I used is this:

neofetch --source /usr/share/neofetch/ascii/distro/xubuntu

based on the directions in the man page:

   --source source

      Which image or  ascii  file  to  use.   Possible  values:
      'auto',     'ascii',     'wallpaper',     '/path/to/img',
      '/path/to/ascii', '/path/to/dir/'


Could not access my domain after reinstall apache2

Because you have not configured your webserver to accept TLS traffic, commonly known as https.

If we check the reply for the website, using curl -I we see that http://www.misources.com redirects to https://www.misources.com:

$ curl -I www.misources.com
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Date: Tue, 31 Dec 2019 13:38:32 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Ubuntu)
Location: https://www.misources.com/
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

If we try to follow that redirect, like your browser would, we get a connection denied:

$ curl -I https://www.misources.com/
curl: (7) Failed to connect to www.misources.com port 443: Connection refused

The same is the case for the rest of your domains as well. You have probably not loaded the ssl module. I suggest you try sudo a2enmod ssl, and restart your webserver.

You should probably check your configuration as well.

However, you should not have to purge apache to fix any issues with a script. That's nonsensical. The Apache installation does not interfere with your content directories.


I think you have one incompatible source available.

To check whether your system architecture is 32 or 64 bit, Enter the following in the terminal.

uname -i

If you are running a 32 bit system, the output will be:
i386

Thus, for a 32bit system, open your sources.list file with gedit:

gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

and completely remove any line that contains amd64 Packages.

Apparently, for a 64-bit system remove the line that contains the i386 packages.

After you have edited your sources.list, saved it, and closed gedit, enter these commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f install


Why do 12.04 and 12.10 run extremely slow on my PC?

It sounds like you need more RAM or a lighter desktop environment.

You could try:

XFCE (sudo apt-get install xfce-common or sudo apt-get install
xubuntu-desktop)
LXDE (sudo apt-get install lxde-common or sudo    apt-get install
lubuntu-desktop)

You could also try a tiling window manager, but these are more challenging to use and customize. They are, however, the most lightweight solution. Off the top of my head, I can name

awesome (sudo apt-get install awesome)
xmonad (sudo apt-get install xmonad)
dwm (sudo apt-get install dwm)


Unable to boot from new SSD after installing from USB

OK - apparently, all one has to do is install grub on the new SSD drive:

sudo grub-install /dev/sdX

Also, if you want to get rid of the old OS in the grub menu, probably the easiest way is to copy over the old /boot/ folder to say /backup_boot/, and then run sudo update-grub.


Building xfce4-dockbarx-plugin from source: glib-2.0 not found

When building from source you have to install the development package of the package you need. In your case you have to install the libglib2.0-dev package. You can do that by running:
sudo apt install libglib2.0-dev


How to resynchronize audio in a Bluetooth headset?

This answer to a different question helped me resolve this issue, though with one detail: on my device, the profile name in question is a2dp_sink rather than a2dp. I also decided to switch to off profile rather than hsp, hoping it gets better performance. So my eventual script looks like this:

#!/bin/bash

BLUEZCARD=`pactl list cards short | egrep -o bluez.*[[:space:]]`
pactl set-card-profile $BLUEZCARD a2dp_sink
pactl set-card-profile $BLUEZCARD off
pactl set-card-profile $BLUEZCARD a2dp_sink

In order to find what profile names you should use this command:

pacmd list card

It will produce long output, but you should be looking for fragment like this:

profiles:
    a2dp_sink: Odtwarzanie o wysokiej dokładności (odpływ A2DP) (priority 10, available: unknown)
    headset_head_unit: Jednostka główna słuchawek z mikrofonem (HSP/HFP) (priority 20, available: unknown)
    off: Wyłączone (priority 0, available: yes)


can't find connect to server (SMB) on fresh ubuntu 12.04

It's sitting under Nautilus's File menu on my computer.


Ip forwarding was not enabled after reboot. Added it to my startup script and all is working now.

Thanks to nobody (it would be nice to know his or her name)


Help me please, install problems on ACER aspire 5515

The OS needs four partitions: boot, root, home and swap. You should do the partitioning from within the installer.

Follow this guide: page 1 and page 2


Ubuntu 14.04 is not booting normaly after a manual hard boot

From liveDVD/Flash so everything is un mounted,swap off if necessary, change example shown with partition sdb1 to your partition(s)
To see all the ext4 partitions
sudo parted -l

e2fsck is used to check the ext2/ext3/ext4 family of file systems. -p trys fixes where response not required Run both commands as different parameters used.
New NVMe drives will be like  /dev/nvme0n1pY where pY is partition.
sudo e2fsck -C0 -p -f -v /dev/sdb1
sudo e2fsck -C0 -p -f -v /dev/nvme0n1p2

if errors: -y auto answers yes for fixes needing response, also see man e2fsck
sudo e2fsck -f -y -v /dev/sdb1


Unable to save resume file. Too many open files

My current Ubuntu 12.04 installation shows 98930 as value for file-max

> cat /proc/sys/fs/file-max
98930

If you want to raise this value, you have several options.

Create a new file: echo "fs.file-max=$(dc -e '2 20 ^ p')" | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/60-file-descriptors-max.conf. This command writes the echoed line into the file. If the file exists it is silently overwritten. According to the documentation you should choose the value 60-*.conf for user values. After you have done this you should enter sudo service procps start and not restart like in your example. As you can see with the command sudo service procps status the program is not running.
Directly write into the file in the proc filesystem: echo $(dc -e '2 20 ^ p') | sudo tee /proc/sys/fs/file-max. After the command the value is set and will be used. You can use the above mentioned cat command to get the current value.


You have moved (and renamed) only one file. For this reason

sudo rm -r /usr/local/bin/phpunit

Why -r? Because /usr/local/bin/phpunit could also be a folder.


Basically follow the way described here.

Determine which device it is working through. run

gstreamer-properties

And test all the ALSA mics. Find one that works. It should be something like hw:1,1 or hw:0,1 and so on. Than edit the /etc/pulse/default.pa accordingly


likwwise-open has been rebranded, and removed from official repositories. It is now known as BeyondTrust PowerBroker Identity Services, Open Edition . check this.

Now to solve your problem remove the likewise-open package

sudo apt-get remove likewise-open

And then install the PowerBroker

Download the PowerBroker Identity Services, Open Edition installer for your type of computer and operating system from the list and then make it executable with chmod a+x. Or, right-click the installer, click Properties, click the Permissions tab, select Execute for Owner, and then click Close. Then double-click the installer to run it.

After installing PowerBroker Identity Services, Open Edition, run the following command as root. Your AD account must have privileges to join computers to the domain:

 /opt/pbis/bin/domainjoin-cli join domainName ADjoinAccount

Log on with your AD credentials by using the form DOMAIN\username. On the command line, you must include an escape character: DOMAIN\\username.


openssh-server install failure on ubuntu 16.04

The error blocking install is in the output you quoted:

cannot create /etc/ssh/sshd_config: Directory nonexistent

Try creating the directory prior to install:

$ sudo mkdir /etc/ssh


Ubuntu for tablets has been announced: is it related to HTC One's announcement?

There was no relation between both companies (in relation to the timing sync issue). They just happened to launch at the same date and both decided to use the same tactic (A countdown timer).

At the end, HTC launched their new and shiny HTC One and Ubuntu launched a video tour of Ubuntu for Tablets.

I would point you to the following links:

What is Ubuntu Touch (Ubuntu for Phones)

Is there an Ubuntu tablet edition?


I have never used CentOS but still best way will be:

Boot from a Bootable disk of CentOS and while installing CentOS

1.First delete all the ubuntu partitions(This will delete all your ubuntu data)

Generally all ubuntu partitions are of ext4 type and windows partitions are of NTFS type

So don't delete windows partitions !

2.And once you delete ubuntu partitions install CentOS on Free space. It will automatically install GRUB for you and will automatically do other things!

Hope this helps!


How do I disable the fancy graphic effects?

If you want something lightweight for VM usage, you may want to use Lubuntu. It basically is the LXDE/Openbox GUI environment but with the Ubuntu backend, so you can do all the stuff you'd normally do in Ubuntu, but without half of the resource sink.

To install Lubuntu into your Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install lubuntu-desktop

If you want something a little more prettier, you may wish to try Xubuntu, although that even may a bit too "heavy" in terms of memory usage when compared to Lubuntu/LXDE. Also, it comes with a ton of extra packages to replace the default GNOME offerings, so if you want to replace things like image viewers, for example, then Xubuntu is the best offering one can get. If you just need to run scripts into a terminal and a few minor file management things, Lubuntu is the better offering.

To install Xubuntu into your Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

And of course, if you want to be even more lightweight, consider installing fluxbox or downloading a Fluxbox distro.

To install Fluxbox into your Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install fluxbox openbox

Remember, Fluxbox does require a bit of setting up in order to use it. The menu is highly customizable, but by default doesn't come with all the options that the GNOME environment does. Again, if all you need to do is solely run the terminal for whatever commands, Fluxbox is a brilliant alternative.


Are Ratings & Reviews going to be in Maverick?

Yes.

According to the Software Centre's Ubuntu Wiki page, ratings and reviews will be released in Maverick in February 2011.

  February 2011

  We plan to release Ubuntu Software
  Center 3.2 for Ubuntu 10.10, with one
  new feature:

  Rating and reviewing software, and
  seeing ratings and reviews submitted
  by other Ubuntu users.


How to get Ubuntuone password in Terminal

Normally, root user has no password and is locked so that nobody can log into this account. To gain root privileges for system administration, an admin user (member of usergroup sudo) may use the sudo command to run 1 command as root.
So if you did not give root a password for any reason, the password sudo is asking for is your own, the same you need to type for login. You had to chose one when you installed Ubuntu.
If you forgot your OWN user password (maybe because you use automatic login), you have to reset it following the advice of Sachin Kamath above. (Copy of his link)


Not able to include sqlite3 in c program

The sqlite program and the library has not linked this might have caused the issue. In this case please try the below,

g++ mail.cpp -lsqlite3


ACPI Error: No handler or method for GPE 21, disabling event (20181213/evgpe-835)

TLDR:
Try kernel bootparameter:

pci=nommconf

Full version:

I had the same very nasty problem with ACPI,

On boot the kernel basically spamming:

kernel: [   26.237796] ACPI Error: No handler or method for GPE 08,

Kernel bootparameter: acpi=off made the system bootable, but the laptop basically unusable (no touchpad, no cpu throttling, nvidia could not initialize etc etc.)

After much agony I found that it was described here very recently (hopefully patched soon):   https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=203617

Which suggested using: pci=nommconf

which solved my problem for now.  I have so far not found any serious drawback so I'm happy.


TED for Joplin (to replace Evernote/Tusk)

You still can get libtiff4 installed by manual download:
cd ~/Downloads
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/e/eglibc/multiarch-support_2.15-0ubuntu10.18_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./multiarch-support_2.15-0ubuntu10.18_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/t/tiff/libtiff4_3.9.5-2ubuntu1.9_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./libtiff4_3.9.5-2ubuntu1.9_amd64.deb

Also you need libpng12. For Ubuntu MATE 20.04 LTS it is installable from special PPA by commands below:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linuxuprising/libpng12
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libpng12-0

And then finally install the TED editor:
cd ~/Downloads
wget http://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/editors/ted/ted-2.23-amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install ./ted-2.23-amd64.deb

and then execute it by Ted or launch from Applications → Office → Ted rtf text processor.

Also please note that RTF is not version-control systems friendly.
So Markdown is better for this purpose. Apps to test may include VNote, Notable, BoostNote and DeepTags. For random notes without folder-file structure one can use ReText.


Installing IDLE (using Python 3.3.2) in Ubuntu 12.04

In the terminal run

sudo apt-get install idle3

(The right package name for IDLE with Python 3 is idle3 I think you can check it Software Center.)

If you are not sure about the name of a package you can run apt-cache search <string> which will look for packages which contains <string> in their names or descriptions.

Edit:

To use Python 3.3 in 12.04:

You can try bootstrapping Raring/Saucy. See pbuilder HowTo. (Kind of complicated, but very good.)
Or you can try installing Debian+Xfce testing or Xubuntu 13.04 in VirtualBox. (This depends on your system capabilities, that's why I recommend a lightweight DE.)
You can even try building Python 3.3 from source and installing it in a folder of your preference, but don't know how much effort this would take.

Of course, the most 'trivial' alternative would be to upgrade from Precise to Raring. Specially good if you can backup your important data and do a clean install.


Switching to console mode in VirtualBox distorts graphics

I think you would be best served by installing 'openssh-server' and establish an SSH session into that VM using PuTTY or the Cygwin terminal - you can then run byobu or just straight Tmux or Screen to allow for multiple console applications at one time. It would give you much more flexibility, and be (I think) a good bit faster, and smoother than using VT's in the VirtualBox display.


Installing from a USB drive over the existing installation should have  fixed it, but the install process froze and I needed to re-start it, e.g. frozen here:
Then I could go to the partitioning step and select my ext4, editing it to mount to root (avoiding the default option to wipe everything) and now I get a login prompt but the password is not accepted.
Ubuntu with full disk encryption - bad password after upgrade to 18.04 but the solution presented there doesn't work. Ended up having to re-install everything, wiping my existing system. Good thing that all my stuff is in the cloud. The fresh install works flawlessly.


Ubuntu showing sched_error 20[ ] on boot

Upon boot, add nouveau.modeset=0 to the command-line arguments. Do this like so:

When booting your computer, hold down SHIFT to get a GRUB menu.
Navigate to the Ubuntu option and hit F3.
Move your cursor to the linux line, after quiet splash.
Type in nouveau.modeset=0, and then hit F10.

When you've booted into your computer, you're going to have to either install the NVIDIA drivers or update your boot config to not allow this error to happen further:

Open a terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T.
Type in the following command, exactly as it appears below:

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

You will be prompted with something that looks like [sudo] password for user:. Type in your password. You will not see any characters, but rest assured that your password is being typed. Press ENTER when done.
Go to this line:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

Edit it to look like:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nouveau.modeset=0"

Press Ctrl+X, followed by the Y key, followed by the ENTER key to save your changes.
Run the exact command below to update your bootloader config:

sudo update-grub

Reboot to confirm that everything is working properly.


After installing Kernel 4.8 (hardware enablement stack), the issue disappeared.


What version of Ubuntu can I run on my old PC?

You could install Lubuntu, which is a "lightweight variant of Ubuntu". The requirements are 128 MB RAM and a Pentium II processor.

http://lubuntu.net/


Sure, you can use screen, a terminal multiplexer, to solve this problem:

Install screen from terminal:
sudo apt-get install screen
Start screen with command screen
You will see an informative message, press Space until you see a terminal prompt
Start your python script
Detach from the screen instance by pressing Ctrl+A and the D button.
You will see a message on your previous prompt:
[detached from 19836.pts-3.ubuntu]
You are successfully detached, you can log out or do whatever you want (unless you power down the machine or kill the process).

When you want to re-attach to your previous screen session, just type screen -r in a terminal. You will see your python script that is still working.

You con find further documentation on the Ubuntu Wiki - Screen


Create a bash alias for several commands, some requiring sudo

In your .bashrc using vim ~/.bashrc add:
makealias() { echo "alias $1"="'${@:2}'" >> ~/.bashrc; }

Next time you want to add a bash alias just type in the terminal:
makealias name command

Example: makealias brc vim ~/.bashrc
EDIT
This method does works with sudo, &&, || and other operators like ; if you enclose them in single quotes when making the alias.
Example: makealias updateall sudo apt-get update '&&' sudo apt-get upgrade
Do yourself a favor and use ; instead of &&, that is good practice.


Error Code after trying to instal your Ubuntu Desktop Download on VirtualBox for MAC

Open the Virtual Media Manager and fix the path for the iso you downloaded, it seems you moved the iso from the original location it was at when you added it in virtualbox. In the Virtual Media Manager you should see an object marked as missing, delete it and re-add the iso from its new location.


dpkg-source: error: can't build with source format '3.0 (native)': native package version may not have a revision

Probably you need have your version X.X-0 or X.X. You should have X.X-1 if this is the first revision of a non-native package.


Turns out I had too sudo apt reinstall systemd-timesyncd. Fixed now.


Having trouble running more than one vmware VM simultaneously on Ubuntu

After doing some research about this topic I really noticed several people complaining about NTFS performance on Linux, especially for virtualization purposes.

The best filesystem to be used on my external hard disks is ext4, followed by ext3 and xfs.

More details can be found here.

UPDATE

I looks like the following line on vmx file could help me on get more than one vm running at same time in a external HDD using NTFS:

mainmem.backing = "swap"


How do I make the power button shut the laptop down without asking?

The options is not available in the UI anymore, but I found it to be still availble in gconf.

To attach an action with the power button, enter in a terminal:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power action_name

Where action_name is one of the following:

suspend
shutdown
hibernate
interactive (ask what to do)


How can I keep an old linux version but upgrade to a new distribution?

I would mostly say no. You could potentially install the old kernel from jaunty manually in a newer Ubuntu, or just keep upgrading and keep all the old kernel versions installed. The newer versions are designed and supported on a newer kernel though, and may not be compatible. You can boot to another kernel using the grub bootloader. If you do not see the grub menu, try holding shift while booting. Though you might be able to easily fix the issues you have with the new kernel. Why not ask a question about each specific issue?


How to convert wav to ogg and mp3 using VBR

For MP3, I strongly suggest using Lame
, considered by many (including me) THE best MP3 encoder, specially for VBR.

sudo apt-get install lame

And to encode:

lame -V 5 file.wav file.mp3

This will create a high-quality MP3 VBR file around ~130kbps, which is great for casual listening. Use -V 3 for average bitrates around ~200kbps

If you want to create id3v1 and id3v2 tags at the same time, you can use:

lame -V 5 --add-id3v2 --pad-id3v2 --ignore-tag-errors --ta artist --tl album --tt title --tn track --ty year --tg genre --tc comment file.wav file.mp3

For OGG, the most traditional encoder is Vorbis

sudo apt-get install vorbis-tools

And to encode:

oggenc -q 3 -o file.ogg file.wav

Ogg is VBR by default. -q 3 stands for default quality, you may change 3 from -1 to 10, or omit the option. Also, output file is optional. If you omit -o file.ogg it will automatically create a file with same name as input and .ogg extension. It also supports multiple input files (you can encode several at once, for example, using *.wav)

And for tagging:

oggenc -a artist -t title -l album -G genre -c comment -o file.ogg file.wav

Last but not least, since you seem to be very interested in encoding, an amazing forum for audio technical details and awesome source of knowledge is HydrogenAudio

And, for GUI, you said it yourself: soundconverter is a great choice. It does have VBR for MP3 (for OGG, its the format's default, so don't worry).


QT code for U Touch returns `qmlscene: cannot find qt installation of ''`

I was able to reproduce this by following the Get Started instructions and testing with the Ubuntu Weather App. There must be either an error in the instructions or a bug in the Ubuntu SDK packages.

This seems to work as a temporary workaround:

Look up the name of your Qt installation:

$ qtchooser -list-versions
qt5-x86_64-linux-gnu

Specify the name using when running qmlscene, which is just a symlink to Qt  Chooser:

$ qmlscene -qt=qt5-x86_64-linux-gnu ubuntu-weather-app.qml


I had the same question as you because I am working on a small laptop with limited screen real estate, and I configured my touchpad to perform all of my workspace switching. I found out how to remove the icon, and it is not too involved. Please note that I am using 12.10, and this may not apply to 12.04. I am still a novice programmer and linux user, so please excuse me if I misuse any terms. Since the workspace-switcher-icon AKA the expo icon is "baked into Unity", you have to get the source code, alter it, and recompile it. The procedure is very similar to the one mentioned here:

How can I disable arbitrary default multitouch gestures in Unity?

Here is the procedure:

In terminal, enter these commands:

$ sudo apt-get build-dep unity
$ cd /tmp
$ mkdir unity
$ cd unity

I used the tmp directory, but you could do it elsewhere.

Get the Unity source code:

$ apt-get source unity

Go to the directory "unity-6.12.0":

$ cd unity-6.12.0

Use your text editor of choice to open "LauncherController.cpp"

$ gedit /tmp/unity/unity-6.12.0/launcher/LauncherController.cpp

Press Ctl+F and seach for "workspaces". On Line 627 there is a command

bool wp_enabled = (workspaces > 1);

Change the "1" to a higher number than the number of workspaces you wish to use. For instance, I want to use 3 workspaces so I changed my entry to look like this:

bool wp_enabled = (workspaces > 4);

Save and close the LauncherController.cpp file, and then build Unity:

$ dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc -nc

It will take a few minutes.  Then install the modified Unity that you just built:

$ cd ..
$ sudo dpkg -i *deb

Once it's installed you logout and log back in. Then open CCSM, go to General>General Options>Desktop Size tab, and change your number of desktops to 1.  You should see the Workspace Switcher icon disappear from the Launcher. Now you can change your number of desktops back to the number you want to use, and the Workspace Switcher icon should remain hidden. You might be able to reboot and accomplish the same result, this is just what I did. You're done!


In looking at the install instructions, it uses cmake and make. To uninstall, you should be able to:

In terminal...

cd folder_of_original_source_code # folder where you did the cmake
sudo make uninstall # to uninstall


How to autostart terminal and run commands?

To launch the terminal when a user logs in:
To launch for one user: copy /usr/share/applications/org.gnome.Terminal.desktop to ~/.config/autostart
To launch for all users on the system: copy /usr/share/applications/org.gnome.Terminal.desktop /etc/xdg/autostart/
This part may work, but I am unclear what the purpose of the output to the terminal will be.
To echo something out simply add whatever it is to the last line of the .bashrc, if you want it to only launch once per day you may need to get a little clever and set a "seen" file and test the date to see if has been seen once today for that user and if so don't show it again if not, update the "seen" file to set the new date.
If you want it for all users you will have to put a skeleton bashrc in /etc/skel but the code could be the same.


How to check and ensure SSH is accepting connections?

Use the netstat command to observe what is listening on each port:

doug@DOUG-64:~$ sudo netstat -tlnp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:445             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1097/smbd
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:3306          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1327/mysqld
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:139             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1097/smbd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1362/apache2
tcp        0      0 192.168.111.1:53        0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1235/named
tcp        0      0 my-external-ip:53       0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1235/named
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1235/named
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1335/sshd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1545/master
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:953           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1235/named

Observe the Secure Shell server daemon listening on port 22.


How to set up an ubuntu touch emulator instance behind a proxy with authentication

I finally solved it.
I had to login as root in the terminal with

sudo -s

then I had to set the proxy with:

export http_proxy=http:// user:password@proxyhost.com:1234
export https_proxy=http:// user:password@proxyhost.com:1234
export ftp_proxy=http:// user:password@proxyhost.com:1234

At this stage:

ubuntu-emulator create myInstance

worked

Hope this is helpful


Screen locker doesn't prompt for password

Install "Unity Tweak Tool" with sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool.  Run it from the Launcher and select System > Security > Enhance system security by enabling Desktop lock.
If you password not already existing, set a user-password, replace 'your-user-name' with your real user-name:

sudo passwd your-user-name


sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop is a sufficient solution, but it requires you to alter grub settings so that you boot into console mode by default. According to answers on https://askubuntu.com/a/92279/295286  you need to edit /etc/default/grub to have the following line:

# Stops the ubuntu purple screen
#GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
GRUB_TERMINAL=console

For changes to take effect, remember to run sudo update-grub

Alternatively, if you don't mind using minimalistic desktop environment instead of whole desktop, install openbox or blackbox only.Installing these doesn't affect which mode your computer boots into. I use this exact same approach on my Arch Linux virtual machine.