What is the policy on backporting paper cuts fixes?

In almost all circumstances, a paper cut fix will not be backported. Only paper cuts with a high importance will be submitted, and even then it's not guaranteed to be approved.

All Stable Release Updates are approved with caution. Full details about what they are and how they work can be found here, but the passage of importance is this:

  Stable release updates are automatically recommended to a very large
  number of users, and so it is critically important to treat them with
  great caution. Therefore, when updates are proposed, they must be
  accompanied by a strong rationale and present a low risk of
  regressions.

  "It's just a one-line change!" Even the simplest of changes can cause
  unexpected regressions due to lurking problems:

  In bug 81125, the upgrade regression had nothing to do with the
  content of the change that triggered it: any user who had installed
  the libpthread20 package would encounter a problem the next time libc6
  was upgraded.
  In bug 309674, the failure was a misbuild due to
  timestamp skew in the build process. The underlying problem existed in
  the source package in the original release, but would only manifest in
  a small percentage of builds.
  In bug 559822, a C++ library
  (wxwidgets2.8) was uploaded with no code changes. Due to an underlying
  toolchain change/bug, this caused an ABI change, causing a lot of
  unrelated packages to break (see bug 610975).

  We never assume that any change, no matter how obvious, is completely free of regression risk.

The definition of a paper cut requires the problem to be minor, meaning the need to backport it will be low to non-existent. Only paper cuts with a high importance will be considered for SRU, and these will be few and far between.


How to reset default application for opening a text file

Try adding an entry for text/plain to the top of ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list:
[Default Applications]
text/plain=gedit.desktop

For this to work the file /usr/share/applications/gedit.desktop needs to exist. If it doesn't, it sounds like your gedit package is broken; try forcing a reinstall as suggested here.
Switching the Default GUI Text Editor
If instead you want to set a different text editor such as Geany as the "default", so that "Open With Geany" shows for all text files instead of "Open With Text Editor":
First, create a file named e.g. geany.desktop in ~/.local/share/applications (there are probably already several .desktop files in there) with the following contents. This question can help with that.
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Icon[en_US]=geany
Name[en_US]=Geany
Exec=/usr/bin/geany
Comment[en_US]=Geany
Name=Geany
Comment=Geany
Icon=geany

Then, edit the ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list file and an entry for text/plain at the top of [Default Applications]:
[Default Applications]
text/plain=geany.desktop


Switch nvidia drivers on and off at boot time

Turns out there is no need to switch off nVidia drivers. What happens here is that the freeze is due to a bug in VirtualBox. Switching the Graphics Controller implementation from VMSVGA to VBoxVGA (and not VBoxSVGA) solved the issue for me and I am now able to boot into the system and get the desktop.

Thanks for klaus-vb from the vbox irc channel on Freenode for suggesting this solution. He was aware of the bug with Ubuntu 18.04. Apparently 18.10 is better in that regard.


Keyboard shortcut to access Gnome Panel like Unity

Yes. Typically this is done by entering CtrlAltTab and navigating to Panel or Top Bar. Then use your arrow keys and Enter/Return to launch. There may be more keyboard controls for the top bar but I'm not aware of them, maybe someone else will be.

Under 3.8 and possibly 3.6 there are additional helpful shell shortcuts in:

Settings(gnome-control-enter)> Keyboard> Shortcuts> System

For instance I set "Open application menu" to use the xf86menu key, so whenever I hit the Menu key, it open the appmenu. Note some things like ctrl+alt+tab can't be changed there, but an extension could probably provide this ability.


Windows/WINS host names not working even after winbind install on 16.04

I looked into this myself and the problem seems to be a missing libnss_wins.so library, and I checked into how to ensure this exists on my machine and I found sudo apt-get install libnss-winbind and doing that fixed the problem immediately.

More info: I checked into what was going on by capturing output from strace ping mywindowsmachine and the problem was easy to spot as the program was trying to find a file that just wasn't there, libnss_wins.so.2. This showed a potential solution of simply ensuring that file is present. Below is the strace output truncated to show only lines concerning a search for this libnss_wins.so.2 file, and the important thing here is that every single attempt to find the file fails, right up to the last. On my other Ubuntu machine, I compared the same strace output, and there it succeeded on maybe the fourth or fifth try:

open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64", 0x7ffd56786e80) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls", 0x7ffd56786e80) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64", 0x7ffd56786e80) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=12288, ...}) = 0
open("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64", 0x7ffd56786e80) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls", 0x7ffd56786e80) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64", 0x7ffd56786e80) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=69632, ...}) = 0
open("/lib/tls/x86_64/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib/tls/x86_64", 0x7ffd56786e80) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/tls/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib/tls", 0x7ffd56786e80)        = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib/x86_64", 0x7ffd56786e80)     = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0
open("/usr/lib/tls/x86_64/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/tls/x86_64", 0x7ffd56786e80) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/tls/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/tls", 0x7ffd56786e80)    = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/x86_64/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/x86_64", 0x7ffd56786e80) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/libnss_wins.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)


Synopsis

Netbeans have invalid values set for nbplatform.default.netbeans.dest.dir and nbplatform.default.harness.dir. You can change these values either globally or locally.

Global way

The default location for these nbplatform.default.netbeans.dest.dir and nbplatform.default.harness.dir are usually located in the file ~/.netbeans/8.2/build.properties

You can edit it with your favorite editor:
    gedit ~/.netbeans/8.2/build.properties

Scroll down to the last line and you should see nbplatform.default.netbeans.dest.dir and nbplatform.default.harness.dir keys. Change their values to this:

nbplatform.default.harness.dir=${nbplatform.default.netbeans.dest.dir}/harness
nbplatform.default.netbeans.dest.dir=/path/to/your/Netbeans/Folder/netbeans-8.2

Note: Write actual folder where your Netbeans is installed.

Save and exit.

Verify if the problem is solved.

Local way (Making own default declarations):

1) Go to your project file default declarations (I suppose project name is cantact-app-master):

cd /path/to/Project/Folder/cantact-app-master/nbproject/private/

Note: Write actual folder where your Project is located.

Save and exit.

2) There should be some file called platform-private.properties, edit it with your favorite editor, otherwise create it:

gedit platform-private.properties

3) If in previous step, in case you edited it, you might encounter a line starting with a key user.properties.file. Anyways, comment it or if it is blank, write this:

user.properties.file=cd /path/to/**Project/Folder**/cantact-app-master/nbproject/private/build.properties

Note 1: Write actual folder where your Project is located.

Note 2: You can indicate build.properties wherever you want, but I assume that this is destination of this file.

Save and exit.

4) Create build.properties where you pointed user.properties.file key:

gedit build.properties

5) Add these lines:

nbplatform.default.harness.dir=${nbplatform.default.netbeans.dest.dir}/harness
nbplatform.default.netbeans.dest.dir=/path/to/your/Netbeans/Folder/netbeans-8.2

Note: Write actual folder where your Netbeans is installed.

Save and exit.

Hope this helps...


Error when trying to SSH into server using a WSL

double check that your addresses are set up correctly from your domain registrar to your box...i had this exact same error and kept overlooking that my addressing (at registrar level) was inconsistent.


You need to install the Samsung driver for your printer. Go to http://www.samsung.com/us/support/downloads/black-and-white-laser-printers/ML-1250, and download the driver for linux.


If it is based on firefox like you said enabling the "firefox menu fix" on compiz's workarounds (found in ccsm, in case you don't have it installed) might help - or following the same tutorial you found for firefox, if it fixed it in another way


KDE doesn't start on Ubuntu Server on Raspberry Pi 4

From everything I can find, sddm does not work on Raspberry Pi.
Go to tty2 by hitting Ctrl-Alt-F2, log in from the CLI there then you can try to install lightdm with
sudo apt install lightdm
sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm
sudo reboot

Hopefully that works for you.


How can I enable font smoothing when I connect to a Windows server with Terminal Services Client?

Using remmina one can also enable font smoothing.

TL;DR : Choose the Best (slowest) "Quality" setting in the Advanced Tab when editing the RDP connection.

Longer answer:

When editing an RDP connection, there is a "Quality" setting under the Advanced tab. It can have one of the values Poor, Medium, Good or Best. Under Prefrences/RDP one can configure properties for each of these Quality settings like this:

By default only Best has "Font smoothing" enabled, so choose Best or configure the Quality setting you want to use to include Font smoothing.

(Testing using remmina version 1.2.0-rcgit-26 (git rcgit-26) from a ppa on Ubuntu 14.04)


Ubuntu software center disappeared on Ubuntu 20.04

No, it is not a bug.  Ubuntu 20.04 LTS's Software Center was switched from being a .deb version of GNOME Software to a snap app.  If you don't want to use the Snap version, you can use this command to remove it:
sudo snap remove gnome-software

and then use apt-get to install the deb version:
sudo apt-get install gnome-software


Is there a good mono-spaced font for Devanagari script in the Terminal?

I reckon that this is a bug, and is beyond a simple "choose a better font" issue.

The same fonts, including the default Monospace, work fine in all other apps I've tried.
and Devanagari fonts doesn't render properly in Fedora's gnome-terminal either,
but the same fonts works in KDE's Konsole and also in Konsole running in Ubuntu.

I don't know how to follow a reported and accepted bug, but I found a reference to a gnome-terminal / Devanagari issue (from December of 2008)... and perhaps this is the same issue.

vte (Ubuntu)  low (priority)   Assigned to: Ubuntu Desktop Bugs
https://bugs.launchpad.net/vte/+bug/310053

...and now that I've played with Konsole a bit more, it has revealed some really nice features... especially  Search Output with Regex... wow! Just what I wanted...  and the lack of menu-accelerator Keys don't matter, becaue it has fully Kustomizable short-cut Keys... I'm Konverted....  and I've found my good mono-space font. It is called Monospace :)


How to Remove all packages which is installed by dpkg from debs

dpkg can extract the package name (with a bit of help). The only serious problem here is just chaining them together and that's where find steps in.

find -iname '*.deb' -exec dpkg --info '{}' \; | awk '/Package:/ {print $2}' | xargs -r -- sudo apt-get remove

That isn't tested but it should work.


Well I have found the answer. I used xdotool instead of xmacroplay and used the following code:

"echo 'mousedown 2' | xdotool - :0"
    m:0x0 + c:225
"echo 'mouseup 2' | xdotool - :0"
  release + m:0x0 + c:225
    XF86Search

The key is the "release +" feature. without it, the mousedown 2 will force a constant click on middle mouse button. A new code mouseup 2 that is set to activate on release is how to fix it.


Can I restore a content of the clipboard after restart?

If you use the clipboard manager Pastie, your pastes will survive a reboot, allowing you to choose the paste from a menu, and recover the data.

You can add pastie by doing this :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hel-sheep/pastie
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pastie

Then hit ALT-F2, and run pastie


Tear-free disabled in Intel Graphics, tearing in Xubuntu

TearFree is disabled by default. To enable it create the directory,

sudo mkdir /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/

Then add to the file /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf

Section "Device"
   Identifier  "Intel Graphics"
   Driver      "intel"
   Option      "AccelMethod" "sna"
   Option      "TearFree" "true"
EndSection


Installed Firefox to migrate from classic installation to snap

The user configuration data of snap applications reside under the "snap" folder in your home folder. You can move your existing profile to the appropriate location so the snap folder has access to it.
A way to do that without risking to break anything is the following. Keep your current firefox installation for the time being.
1) Install the snap version of firefox
snap install firefox

Or use any other method for installation if you prefer.
2) Run the snap version once. You will now have two undistinguishable Firefox icons in your application overview. Run the snap version of firefox with the command:
snap run firefox

This will create a default user configuration in the folder "firefox" under "snap" in your home folder.
3) Quit any of your running Firefox instances
4) Open the respective profile folders. Open following folders in two file manager windows side by side. Turn "Show hidden filed" on.
SNAP: /home/$USER/snap/firefox/common/.mozilla/firefox
NORMAL: /home/$USER/.mozilla/firefox
Here, $USER stands for your own login name.
5)Delete the newly created snap profile. Under the SNAP folder, delete the profile folder you just created. It is named as <random string>.default, e.g. b0aix2sy.default: the first part are random characters that are different for each installation.
6) Transfer your profile to the snap version. Copy your "normal" profile over from the NORMAL folder to the SNAP folder. It is named as <random string>.default-release. There will also be a folder with extension default. Leave that alone. It is the default-release` folder that contains your user data.
7) Rename extension of copied profice. Rename the copied folder to change the extension from default-release to default. Copy the folder name to the clipboard.
8) Update profiles.ini. In the SNAP folder, open the file profiles.ini with text editor. On the line "Path=.default", change the folder name to the name of the folder you copied. Save the file and exit the editor.
Now, when you start the snap installation of firefox, it will be configured as your current installation. If all is well, you can delete the folder .mozilla in your home folder and remove the regular version of firefox: sudo apt remove firefox.


I tried sudo apt-get install -f but that didn't work.

I ended up downloading the .deb file from here:

http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/s/screen-resolution-extra/

and installing manually with sudo dpkg -i  After that, the dependency was resolved and I could install nvidia-settings.


DNS settings messed up and resolvconf uninstalled

Problem: In my case I accidentally removed the resolvconf file. So my computer is connected to the internet, but it has no idea what a DNS server is and so it has no way of translating readable URLs into IP addresses. Hence you can do ping 8.8.8.8 and it will respond, but ping google.com fails.
So the solution is basically to reinstall resolvconf. You can download the package from the Ubunut archive: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/r/resolvconf
One neat hack around this is to go to another computer, or your phone, or whatever and find out the address of archive.ubuntu.com - just ping it and copy the IP address. You could also use a WHOIS service I guess.
Then go back to the Ubuntu system and open /etc/hosts and add:
x.x.x.x archive.ubuntu.com
where x.x.x.x is the IP address you found out via ping on another machine. So now your computer should know about archive.ubuntu.com. You can then open the page in a browser and navigate to the resolvconf package. Of course putting in that IP address would also work and you should probably avoid leaving it in your hosts file in case it changes later.
Download the most recent package, and then run sudo dpkg -i resolvconf_1.79ubuntu8_all.deb or whatever the deb file you downloaded was. I suggest manually running dpkg even if your browser prompts you to install it, it didn't work that way for me.
Presto: you now have resolveconf again and it should work more or less instantly.


ASUS T300 CHI function keys and scrolling not working

I believe i wrote this question when using 16.04 and then upgrading to 17.10 which didnt resolve the issue. After much trial and error with suggested fixes, after updating to the newest version 18.04 I think, the touchpad now works pretty much as it does in windows 10.  I still need  to check whether the function keys work as there was a problem with that and also I couldnt boot into safe mode. Thanks to all the coders that helped resolve the problem. woodo


Why there are two brightness control file (/sys/class/) in my system

Brightness could be controlled by ACPI or by graphic driver. I suppose the one that controls your brightness is intel_backlight.
However, you could easy find it out adding to your /etc/rc.local (before exit 0):

echo 5 > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness

or, alternatively:

echo 5 > /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness

It seems that Fn-Keys do change the value of acpi_video0, the problem is that the controlling item is intel_backlight.

If the system starts with the kernel parameter acpi_backlight=vendor, the item acpi_video0 is replaced by the item intel, but then the Fn-Keys can not change the value of this item.


Access data disk on same machine from linux for writing

I'm guessing the data disk is a windows 8 disk? If so then afaik you can not access this partition via Linux.

I think this is due to the fact that windows 8 does not "correctly" shut down to help improve its start up times.

I would advise creating a separate NTFS partition, either resize the disk or use a new one that contains no operating systems to store your data on.


root directory almost full but still lots of free space on the partition

See this question about how to free up space in your /dev/loop0 partition. Then, consider migrating your WUBI install to an ordinary system.


I do not have "other user" login option after upgrading to 12.04

The best way is to not use the guest account. It can't be done from the guest account. You have to use a user with sudo abilities.

Open a Terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T).
Run cd /etc/lightdm.
Run gksu gedit lightdm.conf, which opens the configuration file in a text editor.
In the text editor, add the line greeter-show-manual-login=true to the file.
Save the file and close the text editor.
Reboot.


Skype installation, but asked 2 times the password?

The additional authentication prompt should not be any cause for concern. There could be several explanations for a second authentication prompt including a software error. Just to be sure, you can check the logs at /var/log/auth.log to view all authentication attempts.  If you suspect you have malware or just want to secure Ubuntu further, several tools such as rkhunter, chkrootkit, and various anti-virus programs exist for Linux.


Install the python gi module since it seems to be missing.

sudo apt install python-gi python3-gi


Firefox and other browsers fail to launch after Flash downloaded

GRUB > Recovery Mode > Repair Broken Packages solved the problem.


You can use this :

/      Search for text.
n, N   Find the next/previous search result.

More useful information here:
    Is there a comprehensive list of mupdf keyboard shortcuts?


Link to shell script does not run from a different location

hmmm, is the path correct? please post the output of:

ls -lah /home/khalid/Home/laz-proj-linux/

and the directory listing of your desktop ls -lah /home/khalid/Desktop/ (I think "Desktop" is the name for it... place the right directory where the "link" should be placed)


Keyboard shortcut to lock screen stops working

Check your shortcuts and custom ones to see if there is something stealing it?
The default lock screen is Ctrl+Alt+L so maybe something already exists or another program is stealing it.


How do I properly install a systemd timer and service?

To run a unit at specified times or intervals you need two units:

a service unit that defines what to run
a timer unit that defines when to run the service unit

By convention, the timer unit starts another unit with the same name,
i.e. foo.timer starts foo.service. You can override this by defining
the Unit=other.service attribute in the timer unit (like you did).

If both unit files are created and put in /etc/systemd/system you need
to make systemd aware of them by issuing

systemctl daemon-reload

This makes systemd reload all unit files and re-consider their dependencies
because systemd caches these files somehow. So whenever you change a unit
file, this command is required.

After that you need to enable the timer unit:

systemctl enable foo.timer

This commands simply enables auto-start at boot time (but doesn't start the unit yet).
Do not enable the service unit because that would mean to start the service at
boot time (independent of any timer settings).

Now the next time you boot, the timer will be engaged. To start it immediately
(without booting) you would run

systemctl start foo.timer

From now on, the timer unit will start the service unit whenever the time comes.
You can combine enabling and starting with

systemctl enable --now foo.timer

You can (and should) leave the service unit alone, i.e. neither enable nor start it.
This is now handled by the timer unit.

To see the current status of both timer and service, issue

systemctl status foo.timer foo.service

To summarize

systemctl enable/disable controls the behaviour when booting
systemctl start/stop controls the behaviour right now
enable does not imply start (neither does disable imply stop).
This can be overriden with the --now switch.
only enable and start the timer unit, not the service unit
issue systemctl daemon-reload whenever you edit the unit files

Further reading:

timers: https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.timer.html
services: https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.service.html
units (applies to both timers and services): https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.unit.html
a related post


Error when trying to install Ubuntu dual boot

Disable Secure Boot in the UEFI setup utility and change SATA operation from RAID to AHCI. If that doesn't work try changing the other UEFI options suggested in the answers to How do I install Ubuntu alongside a pre-installed Windows with UEFI?.


You can right click on any picture and choose to set it as your wallpaper. However, to have it show up with the others when you click your desktop, place it in /usr/share/backgrounds


Installing Ubuntu 14.04.2 dual boot with Windows 7

There is no such thing as 'not prompting to re-partition the HDD' in a OS installation. Even if your HDD wasn't detected, the setup would warn you about it.

At the Installation Type screen, you can choose Something else and define your own partitions for Ubuntu setup. It would be best to use this option rather than choosing to install Ubuntu alongside Windows.

Besides, without sufficient information, we cannot help you any further. Post some screenshots of each step starting from the Welcome prompt.


systemd-resolved needs to be restarted each time after rebooting

If you like to set the nameserver to 127.0.0.53 permanently, then try this:

(1) sudo nano /etc/systemd/resolved.conf

and add:

[Resolve]
DNS=127.0.0.53

(2) sudo nano /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf

and add:

supersede domain-name-servers 127.0.0.53;

(3)

(A) Click on NetworkManager icon in the system tray
> Edit connections
> Select the connection you like to edit, e.g.: 'Wired connection 1'
> Click the "Gear" icon to edit the connection
> IPv4 settings
> Method
> Select "Automatic (DHCP) addresses only"
> in the "DNS Servers" field (enter): 127.0.0.53
> Save

OR

(B) Find out the connection name from Network Manager, e.g.: 'Wired connection 1'

sudo nano '/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/Wired connection 1.nmconnection'

and add:

[ipv4]
dns=127.0.0.53;
dns-search=
ignore-auto-dns=true
method=auto

Save, reboot and check (1) /etc/resolv.conf what nameserver is in there, and (2) ping askubuntu.com to check the Internet connectivity.


Closing Laptop Lid Causes Hibernation with Xmonad

you could solve it by editing some things in /etc/acpi/lid.sh file

first take a backup just if something happen to restore later

sudo cp /etc/acpi/lid.sh /etc/acpi/lid.sh.BAK

open /etc/acpi/lid.sh and find this line

/usr/share/acpi-support/screenblank

and replace it with

 echo -n mem > /sys/power/state

logout and then login and try


Probably the problem is with your graphic card

here is the soloution to resolve it

Remove all nVidia display drivers

sudo apt-get --purge remove nvidia-current nvidia-settings

sudo apt-get --purge autoremove

sudo apt-get clean

and reboot
Installing drivers

sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install nvidia-experimental-304

sudo apt-get install nvidia-settings-experimental-304
run command at last
sudo apt-get purge nvidia-current and  reboot

hope it helps


Sounds like installing through WUBI did not correctly detect the available foreign architectures. As tumbleweed suggested printing the foreign architectures probably returns nothing. Add i386 as a foreign architecture, update the apt cache, then install the 32 bit libs.

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install ia32-libs


intellij idea not opening because of jdk/bin/java

Obviously you did not setup java correctly. Using the webupd8 ppa is the easiest way to install java on ubuntu. Just type these lines in terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer

then verify that your java is ready

java -version


A '/' appears in the output of the sdiff command

It probably indicates that the second line is missing its terminating newline, ex.

$ sdiff <(printf 'foo bar\n') <(printf 'foo bar')
foo bar                               / foo bar

  ‘/’ The corresponding lines differ, and only the second line is
  incomplete.

  Normally, an output line is incomplete if and only if the lines that
  it contains are incomplete. See Incomplete Lines. However, when an
  output line represents two differing lines, one might be incomplete
  while the other is not. In this case, the output line is complete, but
  its the gutter is marked ‘\’ if the first line is incomplete, ‘/’ if
  the second line is.

See

Showing Differences Side by Side
Incomplete Lines


Dual boot problem Windows 8 & Ubuntu 12.04 cant boot into windows

Boot-Repair ran the fix for "buggy" UEFI which may not be required. But with the fix the only boot entry that will correctly boot Windows is the Boot-Repair one that also seems to be misnamed.

menuentry "Windows UEFI recovery bkpbootmgfw.efi" {

With the rename it lets the UEFI boot the Windows efi file, but it really is grub2's shim. Some UEFI only boot Windows. If you can boot the ubuntu entry from your UEFI menu you should undo the rename.

To undo & to rename files to their original names, you just need to tick the "Restore EFI backups" option of Boot-Repair.

Also you cannot use the grub update or the boot stanza by os-prober as your version still has the bug. This is a BIOS boot entry that will not work with UEFI. Fix in 13.10's version of grub.

menuentry "Windows Recovery Environment (loader) (on /dev/sda3)"

It looks like you originally installed Ubuntu in BIOS boot mode and from that you would not be able to boot Windows. Boot-Repair converted install to UEFI by uninstalling grub-pc and installing grub-efi.
Both systems must be in UEFI mode to dual boot from grub menu. You may have been able to boot from UEFI menu in Legacy/CSM/BIOS mode for Ubuntu and UEFI mode for Windows. But now both are UEFI which is preferred.

If you left Windows hibernated you will still have issues.


Make a file, call it phpinfo.php or whatever you wish, and put this code in it

<? phpinfo(); ?>

See also http://php.net/manual/en/function.phpinfo.php


Synaptic touchpad on laptop not working after update

Open a Terminal by type CTRL + ALT+T

Copy and paste this

echo "options psmouse proto=imps" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/psmouse.conf

Enter your password, and you should be good to go.


It looks like the easy way of downloading all of the 32 dependencies was taken out by the developers. Now if a application from the repo needs 32 libs it installs them automatically as it needs them. Apparently this leaves applications that are installed from .deb files in a world of dependency hell. You'll have to figure out the packages you need and install them yourself; one at a fricken time.

You can do this from the terminal with apt-get and :i386 on the end.

example:
sudo apt-get install libmpg123-0:i386

You can read more about it here: How do you run a 32-bit program on a 64-bit version of Ubuntu?


dconf stores its configuration in the file ...

~/.config/dconf/user

So backup that one. tweak-tool is about changing dconf settings.

location to the wallpaper is in there. Not the wallpaper itself
amount of viewports is in there
size of launcher icons is in there
color of launcher too

gsettings is the tool to change dconf. Example using wallpaper location:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri "file:///dir/to/wallpaper.jpg"

The "org.gnome.desktop.background" part is the structure inside dconf and picture-uri the parameter and the part in between "s the value.

Setting colors for background:

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background primary-color "#FFFFFF"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background secondary-color "#FFFFFF"
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background color-shading-type "solid"

FFFFFF being black
shading-ype: SOLID, VERTICAL, HORIZONTAL are valid

Icon launcher size:

gsettings set org.compiz.unityshell:/org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/ icon-size 32

32 being the size ;-)

This question How to dump all the manully altered gsettings keys? lists a method of dumping all settings changed by the user.


Ubuntu on ARM platforms, ZYBO in concret

There are official instructions from the manufacturer here on installing Linaro Ubuntu, which is specifically maintained for ARM systems.

As for Docker, Docker support depends on your specific kernel. It should run fine on your system.


Serg answered the question in the comments - someone aliased find to pgrep. Type 'alias' without any arguments and it will show you all the aliases.

Somewhere along the line you executed a shell script that set that alias. If it wasn't one of the standard ones like .profile, .bash_profile or .bashrc, it was something that was perhaps specific to your project or local environment.


remove or comment the modification in fstab

  # //192.168.0.36/Media mnt/Media cifs credentials=/home/olly/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm 0 0

unmount the current remote location

  sudo umount //192.168.0.36/Media

create a new location where to mount

  sudo mkdir /mnt/MyShare

edit fstab t mount to the new location (I would also recommend using _netdev)

  //192.168.0.36/Media mnt/MyShare cifs _netdev,credentials=/home/olly/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm 0 0

reboot


How to get Cinnamon working in Virtualbox?

The forums suggest this isn't possible as of now:

Cinnamon doesn't run inside VirtualBox yet; version 1.5 will, but that is version 1.5
For now, you are stuck with Mate or Gnome Shell (I suggest you to Update Mate to version 1.4; it is way better than Gnome shell) and wait for Mint 13 to come out since Maya will have fixed Cinnamon to work with VirtualBox. Nothing to do until then. Sorry I can't be of more help.


Perhaps start with these suggestions:
"Require Installation Of Untrusted Packages" while upgrading with the update manager
Basically, open the terminal and type
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
Then open the software center.  Click edit menu > software sources
Try checking more of the boxes.
Also try working through some of the other suggestions on that page.


Can I backup my entire Ubuntu installation to ISO DVD?

Remastersys is a backup tool that creates your own distro, an .iso as a live CD to install on another machine.  This can include all your data, and you can select whether to include the home folder or not.  Here is the Remastersys sourceforge page .
I hope this helps.


How to install an older version of rabbitmq on 11.04?

You probably have some data from the newer version which may conflict with what the older version expects. It is unlikely that the older version knows how to downgrade the data fromats/configs etc from the new layout.

I had a similar problem when upgrading from some older version to 2.4.0 - on startup rabbitmq tried to upgrade its database but failed. Try uninstalling your current rabbitmq version, manually removing/renaming /var/lib/rabbitmq and then installing it again.


You can add a menu option to the GRUB boot menu which specifies that you want to boot into "text" mode. While in the boot menu, select the ubuntu item and hit 'e', then add "text" to the end of the line that begins with "kernel" (it should span across 2 lines in the emacs like editor GRUB2 has.) Press CTRL+X to boot and you should see it boot without starting an X server or desktop manager. However this is a one off solution, below is the solution to add an option in the menu which does this for you.

Adding a menu item with these options:

1) Edit the linux entry to boot to text mode:

Open the entry (should be 10_linux in the grub.d menu entries directory) in your preferred text editor as root (mine is gedit as you see here):

sudo gedit /etc/grub.d/10_linux

And search for the definition of this function "linux_entry ()", this is the first thing that needs changing. Edit the start of this to look like so:

...
linux_entry ()
{
  os="$1"
  version="$2"
  recovery="$3"
  args="$4"
  if [ "${recovery}" = "text" ]; then
    title="$(gettext_quoted "%s, with Linux %s (text mode)")"
  elif ${recovery} ; then
    title="$(gettext_quoted "%s, with Linux %s (recovery mode)")"
  else
    title="$(gettext_quoted "%s, with Linux %s")"
  fi
  printf "menuentry '${title}' ${CLASS} {\n" "${os}" "${version}"
  cat << EOF
        recordfail
EOF
  if [ "${recovery}" != "text" -a ! ${recovery} ] ; then
      save_default_entry | sed -e "s/^/\t/"

      cat << EOF
    gfxmode \$linux_gfx_mode
EOF
  fi

Then scroll down to the first call of this function (search for "linux_entry") and add the following line:

#Add this line
linux_entry "${OS}" "${version}" "text" \
    "text ${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX}"

#Above/below this
linux_entry "${OS}" "${version}" false \
    "${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX} ${GRUB_CMDLINE_EXTRA} ${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT}" \
    quiet

(Which should be near the end of the file.)

Adding it will add it to the menu in the order it is shown in the script, here it goes before, just move it to after the preexisting lines and it wont be the default choice.

2) Update GRUB:

sudo update-grub

3) Reboot and you should see the new text entry in your menu!


You can use xfconf-query to edit Appearance settings from command line.

Set Window Manager:

xfconf-query -c xfwm4 -p /general/theme -s Numix

Set theme:

xfconf-query -c xsettings -p /Net/ThemeName -s Numix

Set icon theme:

xfconf-query -c xsettings -p /Net/IconThemeName -s Numix

(I believe you need to install the Numix icon theme package in Xubuntu 14.04. It was not listed in mine.)

Set background image:

xfconf-query -c xfce4-desktop -p /backdrop/screen0/monitorHDMI-0/workspace0/last-image -s /path/to/your/image.jpg

In the man page for xfconf-query:

-c, --channel
              The channel to query/modify
-p, --property
              The property to query/modify
-s, --set
              The new value to set for the property

If you remove the -s and everything after it will tell you the current setting for what you are querying.

To make your own particular changes, you can open Settings Editor. Find the left hand menu item that contains the category that you want to change. This is the channel -c. Then for the property -p you can click on the property (for example, theme) to highlight it then click Edit to get the path. Finally type the name for what you want to change it to. It is caps sensitive. If there are two words, you'll want to put quotes around it. If there is an error in the name it goes to default. You'll need to add in the specifics of your display and background image.

The commands above change the following configuration files:

~/.config/xfce4/xfconf/xfce-perchannel-xml/xsettings.xml
~/.config/xfce4/xfconf/xfce-perchannel-xml/xfwm4.xml
~/.config/xfce4/xfconf/xfce-perchannel-xml/xfce4-desktop.xml

Enjoy! Sounds like a nice project. :)


Recovering files from Windows HDD using Ubuntu

It is most likely that your Windows partitions aren't in /etc/fstab, you should try:

mkdir /media/windows
mount /dev/sdxY /media/windows

Where x is the disk letter and Y the partition number.
Repeat the mount command for every windows partition and you'll be able to access your windows partitions in:

/media/windows


Volume level divided by two, like locked to 50%

That's it, I think I've finally solved the problem.
I use the green line output located behind the computer with my headphones (ubuntu detects it as a speaker output, which was maybe the reason of my too low max volume.
So I used hdajackretask to make the rear line output become a headphone output. On reboot, you can feel the difference on VLC and MPC (where the sound was really too low), on Chrome it didn't change (but the sound is enough).
My theory is the following: since ubuntu was detecting speakers instead of stereo headphones, the sound was maybe output in 5.1 or higher with VLC and MPC (where the max volume was too low), on youtube 5.1 is not available anymore since a few years I think.The sound still doesn't seem to be at 100%, but more around 75%, which is enough. Anyway, thanks for trying to help me KGIII.


How to fix git autocomplete in Ubuntu 13.04

I had the same problem with Ubuntu 13.04

This is how I solved it

To get bash completion you need to reinstall git-core along with bash-completion package and then restart your bash shell

sudo apt-get install git-core bash-completion

Once successfully installed , just run

  bash

By doing so new commands gets initialized in auto completion and it will start working .

Hope this helps


When Bluetooth is enabled youtube/spotify/soundcloud stops working

i disabled the mic input
and the mode was set to HSP and switched that back to A2DP
and my videos immediately started to play again


Mouse pointer is not visible on a fresh installation of 14.04

I was having the exact same problem on my Thinkpad x120e after a fresh install of ubuntu-14.04-desktop-amd64 (64 bit Ubuntu). I would log into Ubuntu and the mouse would disappear, right click wouldn't do anything, and all of the other remedies that I saw posted didn't have any effect.

What worked for me:

I did a clean install Ubuntu 14.04 32-bit edition instead of the recommended 64-bit version. It works great now!

Another user mentioned that a bit more background on this may be helpful. Here goes, a post under the question: 'what-are-the-differences-between-32-bit-and-64-bit-and-which-should-i-choose' talks about some key differences 32 bit and 64 bit and an obvious one is compatibility... 32 bit is generally more compatible with everything.

  The practical problem: not everyone has a AMD64 compatible CPU.
  Promoting 64-bit over the standard i686 version would lead to more
  user frustration. Therefore for the next few years, it's less
  confusing to present the 32-bit version to the average user. It's not
  exactly a problem for anyone in the know, since the 64-bit version is
  readily available. And we amd64 users don't have any disadvantage from
  that situation, except for the initial download. All packages are
  available in both architectures.

https://askubuntu.com/a/7084/284653

Not saying for sure that the mouse pointer disappearing was due to an architecture issue but it does seem to fit for this instance. Hope this works for you.


By default Ubuntu doesn't even have Java installed, so no system processes that use it too.

It's hard to tell what it is with the information you give. It could be part of a package you've installed, or it could be a rogue program.

Best thing to do is look at the path of the Java executable. Is there a package name you've installed in the path? Verify if the Java executable is legit by going to packages.ubuntu.com, searching for the package name and checking the file list for the Java executable.

If you really want to be sure if it's the original file of the package you can download the tar.gz and match the md5 sum.


This error is caused because the service name of squid is 'squid3', not 'squid' in any squid configuration file.
I did this:

apt-get remove --purge squid

apt-get install squid

And it works.


How to install Kdenlive 15.04 on Ubuntu 14.04?

Is not possible, Install 15.10 and

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:sunab/kdenlive-release

set password and follow instructions, next add

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install kdenlive

yo obtain at this time kdenlive 15.12.1


wifi problem after connecting to wired connection in kubuntu 15.04

You do not need to edit /etc/network/interfaces.

When you connect to a wired network, just disable wireless in Network Manager. And wired network card will receive an ip address by dhcp.
It should work this way.


How to keep your photos in sync with Flickr?

Have you tried Desktop Flickr Organizer (dfo)?
It is available in the Software Centre or "upload photos to Flickr (postr)" package?

I don't use Flickr and have not tested them myself..so give us feedback whether either of them works.

OK, now comes the hacky solution. Haven't tested that either :)

Firstly you could look into flickrfs. As I understand it enables to create virtual drive through which you can upload/download your files between your Flickr account and Ubuntu.

To enable sync you could use additional application that would sync between your photos folder and that virtual drive. For an example, you could use rsync or Unison for that. If you go that route then remember to test the virtual drive before you set up the sync.

Might not work and probably painstaking to set up but hopefully works flawlessly ever after.


No Launcher or application access after updating

Try to switch to a shell in character mode by issuing Alt-Ctl-F2, log in and issue this command unity


As per the Launchpad Source Package Page, the package does not exist in Yakkety or later.

As such, root-system is not installable by default.  You are welcome to download the Xenial packages and try to use those, however you should keep in mind that the package in question was dropped in Debian first, for the following reasons (Italics indicate something I added for clarity, and bold indicates important points which I want to emphasize; neither are part of the original bug report in Debian):

  Dear FTP masters,

  Please remove src:root-system and its binaries from the archive. ROOT is a huge beast to maintain, and it's currently not maintained:

  We have a quite ancient release,
  It's FTBFS (Failing to build from source) with newer libraries (as it's not keeping up with transition, and it's entangled in several of them),
  At the moment it has 3 RC bugs, oldest one being more than one year   old about it FTBFSing with GCC-5.

  (source: https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=827248)

Given these, I don't think it's wise to continue to try and use it, especially since there will be potential build errors with the newer libraries that come in Yakkety and beyond.  It was dropped in Ubuntu because it was removed in Debian (you can see this by expanding the latest entry on the full publishing history on Launchpad, which points to the aforementioned Debian bug as the source reason)

Note that these fail-to-build problems here may also explain why there are no PPAs that contain the root-system packages.


If my computer is any server then I have to open some specific port(ex. web:80 ssh:22 telnet:23 ftp:21) to listening and anyone who get my link their computer will send me a request to connect and this is incoming meaning.

At the same time, if I am surfing web page my computer will send a request to connect server what ever it is and server will reply me what I request that is "not" incoming. It just a packet of your "outgoing" request then now it get reply.

If I get something wrong. please let me know and Thank you c:


How can I change the "reveal pressure" to show Ubuntu Dock when it's (auto-) hidden?

Firstly, the "require pressure to unhide the dock" feature needs to be activated if it's not already. To do that, launch Terminal and run the following command
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock require-pressure-to-show true

Then run the following command to set the pressure sensitivity
gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock pressure-threshold <YOUR-VALUE>

In place of <YOUR-VALUE> use a numerical value of your choice, keeping in the mind that the default value is 100.


sudo apt-get install mailutils
mail -s "Subject" email@email.com

Press enter and write the subject of your email. Use Ctrl+D to continue.

You will be asked if you want to mark a copy of the mail to any other address - you can skip that with Ctrl+D.

The email will now be sent to your chosen address.


How to set a domain name instead of a IP address?

If I am not mistaken, www.noip.com is a dynamic DNS provider. What this boils down to is that it allows hosts with dynamic (DHCP) IP addresses to run a small client program that updates the noip database with the current IP address of the host where the client is running. Note that this will also typically require that the IP address of your server is routable over the internet or that portmapping/static NAT is established to such an address.

However, if you are not running the client software, there is nothing that will update the database, thus the hostname will not be resolvable. Or if your IP address is not visible on the internet, your server won't be reachable.

What you can do under these circumstances is:

either configure a local DNS server and configure your clients to use it as a DNS source
or you can enter your server's FQDN in /etc/hosts of all of your clients which would allow them to resolve the name to IP address. Obviously, this will work only if you have a known set of clients.


Use sudo at start of your command

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


Colours dots move around when using firefox

Its an issue with FF which I have reported to them here
The way to fix this in the interim is as follows:
In the browser address bar enter about:config
accept the warning message and select Show All

Then in the address search bar enter gfx.webrender.all

toggle to false using the left/right icon at the extreme right.
Follow the same route but this time disable WebRender by setting the gfx.webrender.force-disabled flag to trueby the same method,

and then restart Firefox.
A further reference about webrender is located here


This is a quick script taking the input of the radius then feeding it to the function of area() then echoing out the return value.  This works with bc or binary calculator installed.

#!/bin/bash
function area(){
    circ=$(echo "3.14 * $1^2" | bc)
}

#Read in radius
read -p "Enter a radius: "

#Send REPLY to function
area $REPLY

#Print output
echo "Area of a circle is $circ"

Example:

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ ./circ.bsh
Enter a radius: 6
Area of a circle is 113.04

Or I have expanded on the script a little to show more of reading in a variable either from the command line or from the script itself:

#!/bin/bash
function area(){
    areacirc=$(printf "3.14 * $1^2\n" | bc)
    diamcirc=$(printf "2 * $1\n" | bc)
    circcirc=$(printf "2 * 3.14 * $1\n" | bc)
}

#Read in radius from command line or from read
if [[ $1 == "" ]]; then
    read -p "Enter a radius: "
else
    printf "Radius of a cirle is $1\n"
    REPLY=$1
fi

#Send REPLY to area function
area $REPLY

#Print output from variables set by area function
printf "Diameter of a circle is $diamcirc\n"
printf "Circumference of a circle is $circcirc\n"
printf "Area of a circle is $areacirc\n"

Example:

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ ./area.bsh 6
Radius of a cirle is 6
Diameter of a circle is 12
Circumference of a circle is 37.68
Area of a circle is 113.04

or

terrance@terrance-ubuntu:~$ ./area.bsh
Enter a radius: 13
Diameter of a circle is 26
Circumference of a circle is 81.64
Area of a circle is 530.66


How to set up an entire hard drive as a shared drive in Samba

Okay I solved this problem myself.
In order to share an entire hard drive this is all that is necessary to do.
Step 1
Add the following share text to /etc/samba/smb.conf.
[HardDrive]
path = /media/craig/Seagate D1
writeable = yes
valid users = craig-pc, craig, marcy

Note: you must change the path to the actual path of your hard drive, and add the actual users that you wish to have access to the drive.  The users must have valid user accounts.

Also please note that it is not necessary to put quotation marks around the path because of the space between the word Seagate and D1.

Step 2
Open the Ubuntu Nautilus file browser and right-click on the hard drive you want to share.
Select Properties from the menu, and click on the Local Network Share tab.
Select Share This Folder, and Allow Others to Create and Delete files in this folder.
Click Modify Share.
That's it!
You have now shared the entire hard drive.


Failed upgrading 12.10-14.04, error with fontconfig

I removed fontconfig-config with purge, and after that everything started working:

apt-get remove --purge fontconfig-config


Ubuntu Web Apps Application Indicator not going away

The package you're looking for if you want to get rid of this, is evolution-indicator. Remove that, and it should remove the mail icon.

i.e. sudo apt-get remove evolution-indicator.

The others you refer to simply use that package as an interface to display their notifications, they don't put the icon there by themselves.


Error while running perl command on Ubuntu

A language like perl you code software with an editor. Example of that is gEdit.

Open gEdit and you can start typing things like this:

use PDF::API2;
#
$pdf = PDF::API2->new;
$pdf = PDF::API2->open('some.pdf');
$page = $pdf->page;
$page = $pdf->openpage($pagenum);
$img = $pdf->image('some.jpg');
$font = $pdf->corefont('Times-Roman');
$font = $pdf->ttfont('TimesNewRoman.ttf');

If you save this as "example.pl" you can then use "perl example.pl" to execute these commands. And if it is valid code it will execute it.

This will NEVER work:

ruby@ruby-Z87X-HD3:~$ PDF::API
PDF::API: command not found
ruby@ruby-Z87X-HD3:~$ PDF::API2
PDF::API2: command not found

The $ is the shell and PDF:API and PDF:API2 are not bash commands. The are a perl modules so you use them inside a perl script.

Regarding the last message. Please open perl.pl with gEdit and put use PDF::API2; in the beginning of the file. If it throws any more errors you still need to fix those.

There are many but one of the beginners guide to Perl can be found on this link.


I would install it with sudo apt-get install mupen64plus.

The problem is you downloaded them, but the M64Py is not findig the Mupen64Plus' shared libraries, because you may not install these to the right directory. Probably the above command install the libraries to the right place.


MAAS is the next evolution of Orchestra, based on past experiences and development on Orchestra.

It lets you provision your servers dynamically, just like cloud instances – only in this case, they’re whole physical nodes. “Add another node to the Hadoop cluster, and make sure it has at least 16GB RAM” is as easy as asking for it.
With a simple web interface, you can add, commission, update and recycle your servers at will. As your needs change, you can respond rapidly, by adding new nodes and dynamically re-deploying them between services. When the time comes, nodes can be retired for use outside the MAAS.


How to fix a Package Manager Error in notification area after upgrading a fresh install of lucid with a '/home' from Jaunty?

This should fix the permission problem (from this thread):

sudo chmod o+r /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/99synaptic

But usually if you have broken dependencies you'd look in synaptic, aptitude or fire off:

sudo dpkg --configure -a


How to detect pages in PDF files that are actually two-pages?

After playing with several utilities from the

  poppler-utils

package, I finally arrived at an acceptable, but not optimal, solution.

It turns out that detecting double-pages in PDF files is a rather tricky business. I was unable to find any library that can do so easily. So in the end, I decided to use

  pdftohtml

, which is a tool from the

  poppler-utils

package, to convert each page into html, then use regular expression to extract pages that are not double pages. Interestingly, I was able to get most of the cases correctly by just using one or two lines in the html file. It does not work on all cases, as there are double-pages that are marked as single-page, but it seems that there is no single-page that is marked as double-page so there is no risk of damaging the original file.

Here is what I did: I mostly depended on detecting the header number, which is in almost cases the first line of the html file (of course after several lines that are the same across all pages)

I used the fact that in the introduction of the file, the header number uses Roman numbering, so I used the corresponding regex:

if re.findall('[XIVLCDM]*
', line) or \
                            re.findall('[XIVLCDM]*&#[0-9]*;
', line) or \
                            re.findall('&#[0-9]*;[XIVLCDM]*&#[0-9]*;
', line) or \
                            re.findall('&#[0-9]*;[XIVLCDM]*
', line):

Another thing I noticed is that if the line (actually the 31st line, since the first 30 lines are the same across all the pages) contains image link then it is likely not needed to be cut in half (there are cases where the left page is blank and the right page contains an image, but these are few and far between, so I just have to iterate through each page in the result and remove those that are double-page). I simply search for the string "img".

I also found out that double-pages contain the header number right at the beginning, so I simply used:

if re.findall('&#[0-9]*;[0-9]*
', line) or \
                                re.findall('[0-9]*
', line) or \
                                re.findall('[0-9]*&#[0-9]*;
', line) or \
                                re.findall('&#[0-9]*;[0-9]*&#[0-9]*;
', line) or \
                                re.findall('V. &#160;I. &#160;L ª - n i n &#[0-9]*;
', line):

(the last line is due to some special pages that need special treatment)

In the end, it does not detect all single-pages but the good thing is that it does not wrongly consider any single-page as double-page, so suppose the result is [1, 5, 100] then I can simply iterate through the list and check visually for each case. Although this is still not completely automated but this is much much better than having to check each single page.

For those interesed, here is my code (in Python 2.7):

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#!/usr/bin/python
#

import re
import pdb
import os
import errno
import subprocess

# Find pages that are not double page
# OS: Ubuntu
# Requirements: Python 2.7, pdftohtml

def silentremove(filename):
    try:
        os.remove(filename)
    except OSError as e:  # this would be "except OSError, e:" before Python 2.6
        if e.errno != errno.ENOENT:  # errno.ENOENT = no such file or directory
            raise  # re-raise exception if a different error occurred

num_of_pages = 395
input = "Lenin06.pdf"
excps = []
i = 1
with open(input, 'rt') as fid:
    while 1:
        if i > num_of_pages:
            break
        if (i == 1) or (i == 2):
            excps.append(str(i))
            i += 1
            continue
        if (i == 3) or (i == 4):
            i += 1
            continue
        cmd = "pdftohtml -i %s -f %d -l %d" % (input, i, i)
        os.system(cmd)
        html_file = input[:-4] + "s.html"
        with open(html_file, 'rt') as html_fid:
            for j in range(30):
                line = html_fid.readline()
            line = html_fid.readline()
            line = line.strip()

            if re.findall("img", line):
                excps.append(str(i))
            else:
                if re.findall('&#[0-9]*;
', line):
                    excps.append(str(i))
                else:
                    if re.findall('[XIVLCDM]*
', line) or \
                            re.findall('[XIVLCDM]*&#[0-9]*;
', line) or \
                            re.findall('&#[0-9]*;[XIVLCDM]*&#[0-9]*;
', line) or \
                            re.findall('&#[0-9]*;[XIVLCDM]*
', line):
                        # Loi tua (Introduction)
                        silentremove(input[:-4] + ".html")
                        silentremove(input[:-4] + "_ind.html")
                        silentremove(input[:-4] + "s.html")
                        i += 1
                        continue
                    else:
                        if re.findall('&#[0-9]*;[0-9]*
', line) or \
                                re.findall('[0-9]*
', line) or \
                                re.findall('[0-9]*&#[0-9]*;
', line) or \
                                re.findall('&#[0-9]*;[0-9]*&#[0-9]*;
', line) or \
                                re.findall('V. &#160;I. &#160;L ª - n i n &#[0-9]*;
', line):
                            # print "haha"
                            # Trang doi (Double page)
                            silentremove(input[:-4] + ".html")
                            silentremove(input[:-4] + "_ind.html")
                            silentremove(input[:-4] + "s.html")
                            i += 1
                            continue
                        else:
                            if re.findall('[^0-9&#;]*&#160;
', line) and \
                                    re.findall('^[0-9]*&#[0-9]*;
$', html_fid.readline().strip()):
                                # 1 so truong hop trang trai trong, trang phai co chu
                                # (Some cases where the left page is blank while the right page contains
                                # text)
                                silentremove(input[:-4] + ".html")
                                silentremove(input[:-4] + "_ind.html")
                                silentremove(input[:-4] + "s.html")
                                i += 1
                                continue
                            else:
                                excps.append(str(i))
                        pass
                    pass
                pass
            silentremove(input[:-4] + ".html")
            silentremove(input[:-4] + "_ind.html")
            silentremove(input[:-4] + "s.html")
            i += 1
        pass
for file in os.listdir("./"):
    if file.endswith(".png") or file.endswith(".jpg") or file.endswith(".jpeg"):
        silentremove(file)
    pass
pdb.set_trace()

And this is the file: https://drive.google.com/open?id=1vjnebt3xEuY8odhZHPwL8pf26l8ySdnE (this is just an example, I have many more that needs to be converted to single-pages)


How do I configure terminal using .profile?

PS1 is defined under .bashrc. If you look in the file, you'll find this section:

if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '
else
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '
fi

By default, you should edit the first PS1 line to change your prompt's color.

You can add a PS2 at the end of this file, because by default, it's not there.

To add directories to your PATH, you should add the below to the end of the file ~/.pam_environment:

PATH DEFAULT=${PATH}:${HOME}/MyPrograms

Where ${HOME}/MyPrograms is the path that you want to append to your PATH variable.

This is the new, recommended way (as per Ubuntu Help: Environment Variables).

The old way was to add the below to .profile:

export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/directory

Where /path/to/directory is the path that you want to append to your PATH variable.
Note: more information about this "new" and "old" way here: PATH is not affected by .pam_environment

I am unfamiliar with MAIL, but from my brief search, it seems like it's just another variable. You can add the below line to .profile as well:

export MAIL=/path/to/whatever/this/is

Where /path/to/whatever/this/is is the path you want to set in the variable.


number keys above keyboard not work, only 5 and 6

I borrowed a keyboard and found that it was indeed a hardware problem.  I have replaced the keyboard, and can type again!


the fact that you installed ubunt over the old windows partition is bad news because you have over written the the data that was on the partition and the chances of recovering your work are very minimal

however try using Hureins bootcd its one of the best data recovery tools


-Open a terminal and type
alsamixer

-Check that all sounds are correctly set and you are setting it for the correct audio device.

-Go to sound settings and press the test button. Though it might not work for you but it strangely worked for me.

You may visit this link for more detailed troubleshooting.


It's perhaps not the most robust approach, but you could do something like this:

awk -F, -v date="$(date)" '
  $1 == "// calcmarks" {
    vers = substr($2,10);
    printf "// calcmarks, version %d, released %s\n", vers+1, date;
    next
  }
  1
' file

With GNU awk (gawk) you can modify the file inplace by adding -i inplace to the command line options. Otherwise you will need to redirect to a temporary file, and then rename.


Powertop 2.1, based on the source from the Ubuntu 12.10 version, is available in my bleeding-edge PPA.

To add the PPA and install Powertop 2.1, please open a terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T and type/paste these lines (one at a time):

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:izx/bleeding
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install powertop

  Note: If you are unfamiliar with installing third-party software from PPAs, you may want to refer to these questions:

  What are PPAs and how do I use them?
  Are PPA's safe to add to my system and what are some "red flags" to watch out for?


Is this what you are looking for ?

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DesktopExperienceTeam/ApplicationIndicators
http://developer.ubuntu.com/resources/technologies/application-indicators/


There is no current way to do this unfortunately, you need to wait for the constraints work to be finished.

[Edit: 2012-10-17]
The contraints work is now finished for 12.10.  You can specify cpu and memory requirements using juju.  See https://jujucharms.com/docs/2.0/reference-constraints


Linux alternative to Windows Task Scheduler or another way of doing it

cron is the Linux command-line scheduler.  Use crontab -e to create (or edit) your cron jobs.

See Cron HowTo and  crontab (5) for details.


Ubuntu 20.04 Ethernet connection not running at full speed

From the comments...
It was a bad cat 5e cable. Replaced it. Everything is working now.


What's the difference between a Job and a Daemon?

A job is any program that you interactively start and that does not detach itself.

The are a couple of commands for job control:

jobs - List all the jobs that are running or suspended.
fg - Bring the job to the foreground.
bg - Send the job to the background.
stop or Ctrl + z - Suspend the job.
kill or Ctrl + c - Terminate the job.

When you append " &" at the end of the command it becomes a "background job".

Jobs tend to end at some point.

A daemon is a process that runs detached from your session. So basically something you/we do not have direct control over. It waits for something to react upon (so when an event happens or a condition is met). Daemons tend to end when you stop them or when the system is shutdown. Where you can start them again manually or during booting.


How to delete private data from log files?

Personally, I think people generally over-rate the concern for preserving "private" data when it comes to reporting crash data and such. But, there is a good reason for reviewing the data that you send to application developers.

It really would depend on who you are submitting these logs to and for what purpose.

Generally, as a first pass, personally, I would open the log file in a text editor(i.e. gedit) and do a search and replace for my hostname and change it to something non-descript.

Let's say that frank.askubuntu.com is in your logfiles (or perhaps your employer's domain name).

Go ahead and change the names to notfrank.dummycorp.com. for example.

The same goes for IP addresses. Change it to 1.1.1.1

Unless they are needed for specific troubleshooting purposes, there is no reason why you cannot obfuscate semi-identifiable, machine-specific data.

It really depends on who you are giving your logs to for review. If you are behind a home router, it doesn't really make a difference. Generally, if I have a support contract with a vendor, they are usually under NDA, so there is some legality covered there(YMMV, IANAL, etc ;)).

For example, here are a couple of my logs and no one here could cause any problems and I haven't scrubbed any data:

 3 Mar 28 08:05:03 abulafia snmpd[1812]: Connection from UDP: [192.168.1.7]:37483-       >[192.168.1.5]
 4 Mar 28 08:05:03 abulafia snmpd[1812]: Connection from UDP: [192.168.1.7]:42831-       >[192.168.1.5]
 5 Mar 28 08:05:03 abulafia snmpd[1812]: Connection from UDP: [192.168.1.7]:46591-       >[192.168.1.5]

Personally, I have no qualms sending data like this to Canonical or Launchpad developers.
That stance may/would differ if I was in non-residential environment.

If an application is built reasonably, there should be no reason to send personally identifiable data(PII) to them.

If you trusted the software developers enough to install their application, it seems reasonable that you should be comfortable with sending them the crash data to debug your/their problem.


Kubuntu: Change proxy settings from console

Edit your:

gedit /etc/profile

Enter the details in this format.

export http_proxy=http://username:password@proxyhost:port/
export ftp_proxy=http://username:password@proxyhost:port/


How to install bitcoin mining software in Ubuntu 14.04 for joining a mining pool?

To mine bitcoins use cpuminer (click here) and avoid any graphical application: a console application is faster and doesn't need much memory. This may be the reason why bitcoin-qt wallet has dropped the official support for bitcoin mining.

You should compile cpuminer from the source code to obtain optimal performance. Binary packages are not optimized for your system and therefore are often slower.
To execute the cpuminer installation + compilation procedure on Ubuntu, follow this askUbuntu topic.

WARNING: don't use cpuminer or any miner software on remote hosted machines, it's considered as an abuse of common resources and can be treated as an attack to the hosted system.

NOTE: Bitcoin mining is very time consuming and you need a very powerful network of server machines to obtain even a small result (less than a bitcoin in most cases). This is due to the fact that you are competing with people and organizations running highly specialized hardware (ASIC miners, FPGA devices etc.) which does nothing but compute BTC block hashes 24h a day.

Please don't hesitate to ask by commenting here if you have more questions and don't forget to press the left UP arrow if I'm of any help.
If you earn a coin, please consider the Free Software Foundation BTC donation page.
Good luck.


Update Manager saying check your internet connection...How do I fix this so it can update?

Assuming that you are using Natty - in your Software Sources

W:Failed to fetch http:// dowload.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian/dists/maverick/Release.gpg

you've got two issues:

a typo "dowload" - I would have expected "download".
you are using a "maverick" repo - but are on natty.

W:Failed to fetch http:// ppa.launchpad.net/team-xbmc/ppa/ubuntu/dists/natty/main/source/Sources

There is not a natty repository availabile - you will need to change this to "maverick"

see my linked answer below

W:Failed to fetch http:// ppa.launchpad.net/elegant-gnome/ppa/ubuntu/dists/natty/main/source/Sources 404

There is not a natty repo available - can I suggest don't use this PPA?

Linked Question:

Install XBMC on Natty?


How to get pixel length of a Button text string in QML?

Look at the following code snippet:

import QtQuick 2.0
import Ubuntu.Components 0.1

MainView {
    width: 160
    height: 160

    Button {
        id: my_button
        Text {
            id: my_text
            anchors {centerIn: parent }
            text: my_button.width + " x " + my_button.height
        }
        Component.onCompleted: console.log(my_text.width)
    }
}

The default text property of a button is just a string and will inherit the style applied on the Button component.

To get access to the string length in pixel, use instead a dedicated Text element inside your button so that you can access its pixel width like this: my_text.width.

Running the above code with qmlscene logs 41.953125 on the standard output for the string "80 x 40"


I can't create a NTFS partition in Ubuntu

Since, You are in the installation process, I suggest you to boot into the Live Session, (Try Ubuntu).

Then press Super button to bring dash and type "gparted". After opening it, create NTFS partition using that tool.

Note, You don't need to install gparted in Live CD/USB. Gparted is already included in the Live session.


ctrl-alt-t opens new terminal window instead of new tab while gnome terminal is active window

Dont mess with Ctrl and Shift

Open new terminal window: CtrlAltt
Open new tab in an active terminal window: CtrlShiftt


Start by tracking down where the excess usage is being stored.  If you have no idea, start from the mountpoint for /dev/sda1:

mount | grep sda1

Use the du command.  If /dev/sda1 is mounted on /  ("root"):

du --max-depth=1 --human-readable / | sort --human-numeric-sort

This will list the first level of directories contained in the specified path, in order from smallest to largest. You can increase the depth past 1 to get details of the subdirectories, or change the path to specify a single directory.  You can also use the short flags.

For instance, if your username is ubuntu and you want to inspect your home directory:

du -d1 -h /home/ubuntu | sort -h


Cannot access webiste running on Apache2 server

This seems to be related to Firefox 83, which will give a warning when trying to access websites via http and not https. Check your Firefox settings and see if you have  HTTPS Only enabled. Since other clients can access your site via HTTP, there's nothing wrong with your apache configuration pre se.


Enable legacy in the boot options of the bios. Then I installed and configured linux (debian ubuntu and arch linux)

This may not have been the worst thing you could possibly have done, but it was an action that virtually guaranteed you'd run into problems. To learn why, see my Web page on the subject. (Short version: Enabling the CSM, aka "legacy support," turns the boot process into a coin-toss, with "heads" being no different than leaving it disabled and "tails" being a 100% guarantee of problems in dual-booting.)

One fix is to back up and start again -- disable the CSM and re-install all of your Linux distributions. This is overkill, but in many ways it's the easiest solution. Note that if you enabled the CSM because you had problems booting the installation media, chances are they were prepared incorrectly. See the page to which I linked in the previous paragraph for more on that subject.

Another solution is to install an EFI-mode boot loader, which should get your existing installations working. There are many ways to do this, but in all cases you should start by disabling the CSM. Two that are likely to be relatively easy are:

If it's not already disabled, disable Secure Boot in your firmware. Download the USB flash drive or CD-R version of my rEFInd boot manager and prepare a medium with it. You should be able to boot that, and from it boot any of your Linux distributions. (Some may require some extra coaxing, depending on how you installed them.) In a Linux distribution, install rEFInd to your hard disk. (I provide a Debian package that should work in Debian or Ubuntu and a PPA that should work in Ubuntu. Arch has its own rEFInd package.) This should then get you booting -- but again, you may need to tweak things a bit.
Run the Boot Repair utility from a boot of an Ubuntu emergency disk, booted in EFI mode. This should install the EFI version of GRUB 2 to your computer, which should pick up your distributions and make them bootable. Unfortunately, GRUB 2 can be a bit iffy with multiple Linux distributions, especially exotic ones -- the OS-detection scripts sometimes aren't optimized or up-to-date for distributions other than the one for which the package was made. Thus, if you use Boot Repair (which is basically an Ubuntu tool), it's quite possible that Arch, and possibly even Debian, will not be correctly detected.

Either method may work partially, but lead you into a new problem. If this happens, post back or start a new question; there are too many potential pitfalls in your quad-boot setup for me to begin to address even a tiny fraction of them pre-emptively.


How can I get the file from local server on my intranet instead of internet in hook install

You can modify the hook to grab it from a local server, just use it's internal address instead of a public-facing internet one.

Another solution, which is probably more robust is to include the tarball in the charm itself. Do something like create a files/ directory, put the tarball in there, and then have the install hook install from there.

This will allow the charm to deploy even if the server on the intranet is unreachable.


Metacity used with proprietary driver and proposed repository

If you start the 'Additional Drivers' application do you see that the 173 driver is activated and in use?  The image below shows the Nvidia graphics driver as being activated, but not in use.

Let's assume that your video driver is installed and functioning correctly, are you suggesting in your question that you want to switch from Metacity to Compiz?  If this is the case, have you tried CTRL+F2 with the following command:

compiz --replace

To check if everything is up to snuff to run Compiz, I will use the code here.  Please let me know if I have misunderstood what you are asking.


No it isn't, you may mean amd-64.iso file , it is for all 64-bit systems. (No problem)


For the googlers:

I have read somewhere that Rhythmbox should have at least one music file on the phone. So, copying one file should be enough to make it work.


Partial answer.
You can set the various localization parameters on a parameter-per-parameter base using the LC_* environment variables. See man locale for a list. The one about date and time is called LC_TIME. You can test it by command line. For example, my default environment is en_IE:
$ date
Thu Nov 14 09:24:27 MST 2013

Seeing how date & time looks in Spanish:
$ LC_TIME=es_ES.UTF-8 date
jue nov 14 09:24:25 MST 2013

To see all of your installed locales you should do:
locale -a

You can add support for more languages/locales to your system.
When you find a suitable locale, you can add the variable systemwide in /etc/environment or for your user in ~/.pam_environment (see Where to declare environment variables?). For example, I have in my file:
$ cat ~/.pam_environment
LANGUAGE=en
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_NUMERIC=en_IE.UTF-8
LC_TIME=en_IE.UTF-8
LC_MONETARY=en_IE.UTF-8

The answer is a partial one because I do not know if there is a locale that has the characteristics you want...


Default plasma widget digital clock

Right click the plasma-widget > Digital clock settings > Date format.

Long date has the weekday at here.

More options

plasma-widget-adjustableclock

:~$ apt-cache show plasma-widget-adjustableclock

Description: an adjustable clock Plasma widget
 This Plasma widget shows date and time in adjustable format using
 rich text.
Homepage: http://www.kde-look.org/content/show.php/Adjustable+Clock?content=92825


How do I adjust the pointer speed and scrolling speed of a trackpad?

This is the only way I can think of that might change pointer speed beyond the default allotment.  It might not work.

Install dconf editor:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Run dconf-editor and navigate to:

org -> gnome -> settings-daemon -> peripherals -> touchpad

There you can play around with the value of motion-acceleration.   The max value that System Settings gives is 10, so maybe setting it to 20 would work.


Can I play a game from the Ubuntu store on Windows?

According to this wiki there is a Windows installer.

Have not tried it myself.

Also


I would suggest using an equalizer like I do. pulseaudio-equalizer is a global eq and sounds wicked (imho).

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pulseaudio-equalizer


Firefox's sub menus disappears after the screen saver is active

I don't know why this happens (it happens to me too), but if you minimize Firefox and then maximize it again, the problem will go away.


Do I need to know C++ to develop Ubuntu apps?

No. You can also use Java, Python, C, Javascript, QML, Vala, and C#, and probably other languages too.

Source (archived)


Are all three grub entries after running Boot-Repair needed?

The first two are probably duplicate files. I don't know about the third; it could be another duplicate or it could be something Lenovo-specific.

Background: The EFI spec says that each OS should install its boot loader in a subdirectory of the EFI directory on the ESP, as in EFI/Microsoft for Windows or EFI/ubuntu for Ubuntu. The EFI/BOOT directory is a special case: It holds a boot loader (bootmgfw.efi) that serves as a fallback in case all others fail. That's also the name that's used for boot loaders on removable media like USB flash drives. Thus, many OSes, including Windows, install two copies of their boot loaders -- once in the official directory and again as EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi. GRUB tends to pick these both up and present them as options, because they can be different boot loaders, even though they often are not.

This is complicated by Boot Repair. Old versions of this program, and new ones if you select a certain option in the Advanced menu, back up both the EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi and the EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi boot loaders (by renaming them with bkp placed at the start of the filename) and place copies of GRUB in their place. This is done to work around bugs in some EFIs. The problem is that this creates additional boot loader files, which can clutter menus and add to confusion when doing manual maintenance. Unless you need to use this backup-and-replace hack because of a broken EFI, I recommend that you not let Boot Repair make this change. Note, however, that this has not caused the duplication you've noted, although it has affected the filenames that GRUB has entered on its chainloader lines.

Personally, I'd remove the EFI/BOOT/bkpbootx64.efi (or EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi) entry, since it could conceivably be changed to something else should some other tool decide to take over that spot. Hijacking the Windows boot loader is a little less likely -- although because of the EFI bug I've noted, at least two tools (Boot Repair and rEFInd's mvrefind.sh script) can do this, and others may do so in the future.

A tip: The diff command is your friend. Pass it two filenames and it will tell you if they're identical or not. No output indicates that the files are identical. You can use this to discover which .efi files on your system are identical to which other files.


Type this into the terminal:

synclient MaxTapTime=0

But it will only work for the session, unfortunately.

I have also found this which I have now tried myself

Essentially it is a way to put the synclient settings MaxTapTime=0 into an executable file (I personally don't like fixes which involve installing GUIs on lubuntu - the whole point of it is lightness.

I have now found that there is a way to get a .sh file to come on at startup in lubuntu see this thread where I asked about it.

If you type

>>synclient

Into terminal. This will bring up all the possible settings for the touchpad, so you can potentially do more tweaking.


How to stop Ctrl + A moving cursor to beginning of line everywhere?

Installing tweaking tools such as gnome-tweak then setting an Emacs keybinding with them would result in the behaviour you're seeing, as in this answer. Disable any Emacs keybindings you have set in tweak tools and that should fix your problem.


Openjdk comes already installed with JCE

A quick test to see if you have the JCE Unlimited Strength Jurisdiction Policy files installed:

$JAVA_HOME/bin/jrunscript -e 'print (javax.crypto.Cipher.getMaxAllowedKeyLength("RC5") >= 256);'

The command should return true if JCE is installed.


not able to perform wireless connection on ubuntu 12.04

You can try the following:

connect your machine wired to the internet
make shure you have a good internet-connection (e.g. start up your browser and check for a random page)
go to the right corner (up) and click the little radar
Open up your system-settings
look under HARDWARE for the 'extra drivers' (an icon with a pc-card and a little lock)
run this program and let it search for an additional driver.
if one found install this driver (click for it)

I always advise a full reboot after this operation (so the driver is certainly loaded)
Establish a WIFI-connection (mind for the password) and it should work fine. You can do that via the networkmanager. This is an icon in your taskbar at the upper hand.
Check if any networks in your neighbourhood are detected. Select your network (these have a name or digits or combined) click on that and typ in your password; now you should have a WIFI-connection.

If there is no driver (additional) found, I'd suggest you open a new question followed with information of your hardware (any info is fine) .

I hope for succes !


You do not even need to sign/verify the initramfs, because you do not need to keep it accessible (unenencrypted on a local disk).

Ubuntu 20.04 is perfectly capable of dealing with an installation layout where the initrd file is contained inside an encrypted container (currently works for luks1 on AMD64 & ARM64, luks2 and more platforms in future versions). Other than downgrading to the earliest version with identical kernel, nobody but you could modify the initrd sealed with your password.

The part that is really missing in current automation is the generation of a signed grub binary that verifies its own configuration. It works out of the box too - grub can verify gpg-style signatures - but the kernel install scripts shipped by Canonical do not setup/update that in the usual fully automatic fashion.

If you wanted to to configure a fully verified boot chain in current Ubuntu releases, you might try to place your own script (which gpg --signs your config, then integrates that into the grub binary using grub-mkstandalone then sbsigns that binary before placing it into /boot/efi)  into /etc/kernel/postinst.d/ to have it automatically called whenever your install/remove a kernel (version).

Note that almost no consumer PC is actually used to enroll custom keys for secure boot (MOK), so you will likely run into some firmware bugs. You will not find too many bug reports about this topic either, simply because few people want/do such a complicated and error-prone thing.

And this is just the Ubuntu side of things. You probably win nothing in terms of security (but you are welcome to contribute there).


How to partition a fully used hard drive

You can achieve this using Gparted.
Boot from a live ubuntu cd or usb. Open gparted (it's pre-installed in live cd or usb).
Select the partition on which you have installed Ubuntu. Right click and select option Resize/Move. Then you can shrink the partition as per your need.
This will create an unallocated space. Create new partition of it.
Now you can install Fedora 18 on it.


Is there a way to backup my hotkeys (on Xubuntu)?

Open up terminal and type:

cp ~/.config/xfce4/xfconf/xfce-perchannel-xml/xfce4-keyboard-shortcuts.xml /path/to/target/directory/

All keyboard shortcuts under both Keyboard > Application Shortcuts and also Window Manager > Keyboard are stored in this file. Whenever I do a fresh install, one of the first things I do is copy this file over the previous one. Then you can log out and in again, and all your shortcuts are there. For other desktop environments the file will be in a different place. There is no difference in file location between Xubuntu 14.04 and 15.04 or between Xfce 4.10 and 4.12.


That's just android studio downloading some files. The "gradle" if I recall correctly. So just wait for it to complete.

And after that you'll need to download even more stuff. Things like the "NDK" which is more than half a Gigabyte. Some downloads don't inform you of the progress. And it can happen that android studio is just frozen and you need to close it and open it again.

You have to be very patient with android studio at first, but once it pulls through everything should work fine.


How do I install the login screen from a minimal installation?

You need to install the ubuntu-desktop  package, not just Unity.

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


Software to Index and Document large-number of PDF documents based on certain criteria

Regarding the huge number of documents I would strongly advise you to use a full fledged document management system in your company. These systems rely on a database management system to store documents and metadata, they may require some advanced knowledge to install and manage, but the end result is worthy the effort.

In the past I worked with Liferay, which is fully web based, relying on Tomcat and Postgres. It did not manage the database properly (missing foreign keys) and could go into an inconsistent state. This was some years ago, later versions could be more reliable.

I also worked with Alfresco for a short time, which is a bit more complex, but also more reliable. It is probably the most complete open source solution out there.

Other open source options are OpenKM, Nuxeo, OpenDocMan and Plone, none of which I have ever used.

Depending on your experience managing software systems, you might profit from professional support.


After update, I can't change launcher icon size

I'm having this problem in 14.04 after updating this morning. The settings in the system settings manager and the unity tweak tool both do nothing.

I'm too much of a noob to discern which of the updates in the apt history log might be responsible.


Unable to boot into 11.10 in normal (get a black screen) OR recovery (get just a flashing cursor, no cli)

I had same problem with my Acer-Aspire.

What I did, If you have already installed the Ubuntu and you can see the link in grub, you do one thing.
This is not the absolute answer but at least you can see your screen.

Choose your Ubuntu option and click:

  e

to edit grub. Now go to one line before the end where you can see the words quiet splash; after you put one space and type this:

acpi_osi=Linux

and then

  Ctrl+x

or

  F10

to save this grub temporary for this time.
Now it will boot and after a while when you saw the black screen, you hold

  Fn+Left/Right Arrow

Left/Right arrows means that [Left or Right]. One of them, I prefer Left.

Your screen should be back. OK, you login through your username.

And now, if you would like to make it permanently workable but with one more step (Fn+Left/Right Arrows) you have to edit the grub and update it.

OK, If you like lets do that.
Open terminal or hold on (Ctrl+Alt+T) and write this code:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

put your root password.

One page will be opened. You go to line 11 [this no is with counting one empty line], where you can see this command:

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

Exactly after the word splash, you add same thing which you add in the grub at past. Add one space and this command:

acpi_osi=Linux

and save it. Now your line must be like this:

  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux"

OK, go back to terminal and see the file is closed.

Now one thing is remain; you run this code in terminal to update the grub:

sudo update-grub

put your root password and you are done.
Just every time that you want to come you have to Hold [Fn+Left/Right] to see your screen.

I hope this is helpful for you.


I ran into this issue as well. This is what I've come up with:

You'll want to override the dh_installinit and dh_systemd_start, this is an example from my network bridge service:

#!/usr/bin/make -f

PKGDIR=debian/tmp

%:
    dh $@ --with systemd

override_dh_installinit:
    dh_systemd_enable -popenstack --name=openstack openstack.service
    dh_installinit -popenstack --no-start --noscripts
    dh_systemd_start -popenstack --no-restart-on-upgrade

override_dh_systemd_start:
    echo "Not running dh_systemd_start"

The full source of my package can be found here: https://github.com/Ubuntu-Solutions-Engineering/openstack-deb/tree/master/debian

I also used https://github.com/lxc/lxd-pkg-ubuntu/blob/dpm-xenial/debian/rules as a reference.

Hopefully this will get you going as it did take me a little while to figure this out.