Need wireless drivers for Dell Latitude E5420

The DELL Latitude E5420 shows several wireless drivers:

Wireless WLAN 1530 Half MiniCard  (Chipset BCM 4313)
Intel WiMAX Link 6250 (Chipset Intel 6050 / Supported since Kernel 2.6.30)
Intel WiFi Link 6200 (Chipset Intel 6000 / Supported since Kernel 2.6.30)
Intel WiFi Link 6300 (Chipset Intel 6000 / Supported since Kernel 2.6.30)
Intel WiMAX Link 6250 (Chipset Intel 6050 / Supported since Kernel 2.6.30)
Intel WiFi Link 6205 (Chipset Intel 6000 / Supported since Kernel 2.6.30)

The full list of supported Intel wireless chipsets can be found here.

As you can see, the only driver left that needs an additional step to install is the Broadcom 4313. You can find most Broadcom Wireless drivers in Installing Broadcom Wireless Drivers .

Installing Broadcom Wireless Drivers also need to update your BIOS to include the latest firmware update since it Fixes a
 64Bit UEFI OS installation issue. You can find this upgrade in the official site.

In case you are having a serious problem with one of the Intel wireless drivers, go to the Intel Wireless download and download the one specific for your case. You can find more about which one you need by typing in the terminal lshw -c network and it will show you all network cards. The name of the card should appear there.

Now go to the site, download the one you need and follow the steps offered on the site to have your drivers working. I should mention that the ones operating on the 12.10+ are found in /lib/firmware and this are:

-rw-r--r--  1 root root  337520 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-1000-5.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  337572 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-100-5.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  689680 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-105-6.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  701228 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-135-6.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  695876 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-2000-6.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  707392 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-2030-6.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  150100 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-3945-2.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  187972 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-4965-2.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  340696 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-5000-5.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  337400 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-5150-2.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  454608 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-6000-4.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  444128 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-6000g2a-5.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  677296 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-6000g2a-6.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  679436 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-6000g2b-6.ucode
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  469780 Nov  8 12:54 iwlwifi-6050-5.ucode

As you can see, any wireless card with a chipset based on the ones on the list will be supported out of the box.


Banshee and Totem are crashing... How to fix it?

If you store your music files on a different partition than Ubuntu is installed on, make sure it is properly mounted.


.run files being read as text files 16.04

chmod +x xampp.run will grant the file executable permission.

Then ./xampp.run will execute the .run file.

You have entered sudo xampp.run into the terminal without the ./, which does nothing usually.

Hope it helps


Ubuntu 16.04 LTS doesn't see 64gb sd card

Try running lshw -class disk or sudo fdisk -l in the terminal, then locate the name of the sd you want to mount.

Then run sudo ntfs-3g /dev/sd? /media/? -o force replace the '?' with the drive name and mount-point.

The driver mount-point can be anything... For example, you could create a directory /media/external.

(To create the directory, use sudo mkdir /media/external)

don't forget to up-vote and accept it if it works


Wacom Intuos S 2 button mapping problems

Unfortunately the buttons are numbered 1,3,8,9. Please see: http://linuxwacom.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Consumer_Tablet_ExpressKey_Mapping_Issue


Your device is covered by the driver brcmfmac in Ubuntu 15.10. It also requires firmware that is included in linux-firmware-1.149 and later. Let's install the latest firmware first. Download this package to any convenient place. https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux-firmware/1.156/+build/9020816/+files/linux-firmware_1.156_all.deb Right-click it and select 'Open with Ubuntu Software Center' and install it.

Now open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo modprobe -r brcmfmac

The last command may end in an error; that's fine, just continue:

sudo modprobe brcmfmac

The wireless should now be working.


Ubuntu 16.0.4 has Apache 2.4.18 in the cache but 2.4.29 is the latest release. Is it necessary to get latest version?

You can use the ppa https://launchpad.net/~ondrej/+archive/ubuntu/apache2 to get the latest version.

There's always some risk involved in using a ppa but this one is popular; I myself have used it for a long time without issue.

Since you already have Apache installed, you can get the update by

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/apache2
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade


I think it's normal. Did you have installed keychain on the other server? Normally you need to enter the passphrase on every connection you try.

If you mean you need always the user password of the remote server try this to add the ssh keyfile:

ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa

(Keychain is a tool which saves the password, so you didn't have to enter it on every ssh connection)


Why does Software Centre mark any local .deb as proprietary

It is a known bug. It was fixed upstream (https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=765482), but it still persists on Ubuntu.

GNOME Software does not install third-party .deb packages on Launchpad.


MySQL 5.7 No directory, logging in with HOME=/

Having same issue to get rid of this error i did the following

Stop MYSQL service:

sudo service mysql stop
Change home directory of mysql from nonexistent to original directory where it is supposed to be:

sudo usermod -d /var/lib/mysql/ mysql

Now start mysql server again with:

sudo service mysql start

The error message has disappeared. Still why this happen is unknown.


I believe this is Flatabulous theme and Ultra-Flat icon pack.

Maybe this step-by-step installation can help:

Install tweak tools for your desktop environments

Install Unity Tweak Tool for Unity

sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

or

Install Gnome Tweak Tool for GNOME

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

Install Flatabulous theme

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/themes
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install flatabulous-theme

Install Ultra flat Icon pack

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/icons
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ultra-flat-icons

Change Theme and Icon Pack with tweak tools

Screenshoots for unity-tweak-tool

Theme

Icon

Sorry, I only have Unity, so there are no gnome-tweak-tool screenshoots.

This my desktop appearance:


According to LinuxTV, this is supported from kernel 3.3 onwards:

LinuxTV.org > DVB-T USB Devices/Full

  ITE Inc.  | Generic 9005 Device   | ✔ Yes, in kernel since 3.3    |   USB2.0  | 048d:9005


Dell xps 9310 : installed ubuntu 20.04.2 as dual boot, grub shows up but has no entry for ubuntu

It turned out to be an OEM install bug on 20.04.02, which resulted in boot failure because of a missing kernel. It occurred while installing when connected to internet.
I managed to install it offline, which booted without problem and the Ubuntu being listed on the grub.
Canonical re-released Ubuntu 20.04.2 with the kernel included, removing the bug.


How can I debug minidlnad installed via snap?

As explained in the Ubuntu MiniDLNA instructions

#network_interface=eth0         # Self-discovers if commented (good with NetworkManager)
media_dir=V,/tank/media/Videos    # Use A, P, and V to restrict media 'type' in directory
media_dir=P,/tank/media/Photos
media_dir=A,/tank/media/Music
db_dir=/var/cache/minidlna      # Needs to be un-commented
log_dir=/var/log                # Needs to be un-commented
inotify=yes                     # 'no' for less resources, restart required for new media

  Restart the daemon for changes to take effect:

sudo service minidlna restart

  To rebuild the database use:

sudo service minidlna force-reload

  Firewall Rules

  If using a firewall the the ssdp (1900/udp) and trivnet1 (8200/tcp) ports will need to be opened. For example this can be done with arno's iptables firewall by editing firewall.conf to:

  OPEN_TCP="8200"
  OPEN_UDP="1900"

You need to make sure that the problem is with MediaDLNA and not VLC.
The following guide explains how to access the files with VLC.

MiniDLNA uses tcp port 8200 so you should be able to access the page at http://localhost:8200 with your browser as explained in this installation guide. If you can access the files, then you misconfigured vlc.

Opening miniDLNA content with your browser will help you understand if the issue is connected to VLC or MiniDLNA.


Connecting Ubuntu Server 12.04 to public network (internet access)

OP's own answer:

I found the anwers for my problem. So I just need to forward port 80 in my routers. Now I can access my server using internet network.


Secured way to allow PHP script write permissions to a folder

The web-server must have write permission for the directory where the
image is to be stored. There are 3 options:

Let the web-server be the owner of the directory and set
owner permissions on the directory to u=rw (644)
Let the web-server's group be the group of the directory and set
the group permissions on the directory to g=rw (664)
Set the permissions for others on the directory for o=rw (666)

The first option is usually the best way to  secure the directory.

But if you have no root access to the server it could be difficult to
delete, move or rename files when accessed by FTP. If this is a serious
problem, option 2 is justifiable.

There is usually no need to use option 3.


Where can I get games for Ubuntu's Unity Engine?

You've got things mixed here.. Unity as in Ubuntu's Unity is a GUI.

  Founded in 2010, the Unity project started by Mark Shuttleworth and Canonical has gone on to deliver a consistent user experience for desktop and netbook users alike. Putting great design at the heart of the project, Unity and its technologies such as Application indicators, System indicators, and Notify OSD, have strived to solve common problems in the Free Software desktop while optimizing the experience for touch, consistency and collaboration.

  http://unity.ubuntu.com/

Unity as the game engine

  Unity is an integrated authoring tool for creating 3D video games or other interactive content such as architectural visualizations or real-time 3D animations.

  http://unity3d.com/

This are the games that use the engine:

Among the Sleep
Battlestar Galactica Online
Space Paranoids Online
Cabals:The Card Game
Family Guy Online
Fray
Kerbal Space Program
Rochard
Tiger Woods PGA Tour Online
Wasteland 2 (This one is meant for Linux)
Slender (video game)
City of Steam

Wikipedia.


Connecting to secure WebDAV makes Nautilus hang up

I now use the davfs2 aproach, as shown here. Now I have to mount/unmount the WebDAV
folder via a terminal, but everything works.


In order to make your system faster, you could try the following:

Install the proprietary AMD driver, so the APU speed can be regulated.

Open Software & Updates, go to Additional drivers and select fglrx.
Install the packages preload and prelink. These take certain actions to make the system faster.

Execute sudo apt-get install prelink preload in a terminal.
Reduce Swap usage. The default swappiness value is 60, which may be too high.

Open the file /etc/sysctl.conf and set the swappiness parameter:
sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf in a terminal.
New line at the end: vm.swappiness = 10, then another linebreak, save with Ctrl+O.
Enable boot profiling. The next reboot may take a bit longer, but the following should be faster.

Open /etc/default/grub and append profile to the line that says quiet splash:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash profile"

If you don't want your boot menu to appear (if it even does), set GRUB_TIMEOUT=0

Save, exit and run sudo update-grub.

If you apply these changes, your computer should get faster after a reboot.

For your touchpad, you should ask a new question, since this is another problem.


Matlab install error: Simulink 3D Animation Toolbox

You can use this temporary solution unless you really need this 3D animation toolbox.

Start from beginning

Choose Custom installation instead of ( Typical )

Un-check this toolbox ( simulink 3D animation ) which is creating problem.

The proceed further.

All the best :)


how do i set ubuntu to recognize my hardware

Hard-drives and Flash-drives always have less capacity when formatted depending on the filesystem used and the ares used to store file information...  Check this link for a better explanation: http://petapixel.com/2012/10/10/why-hard-drives-and-memory-cards-have-less-space-than-advertised/


Open Calibre
Click the Add Books icon -> Add Books from a single directory
Browse to your book, select it and click the Open button.
Select your book from the middle pane (you can use the search box to help you find it) and click the View icon to open the book for reading in Calibre.


Display distortion on newer kernels/drivers

While watching the TTY1 screen during boot from the LiveCD, I noticed an error come up “GPU Lockup - switching to software fbcon”. I found on another forum that when the boot options screen comes up (with the try, install, etc options on it), press F6 and select nomodeset from the list of options. This allowed me to see the install screen and successfully install Ubuntu Mate (rather than get a fuzzy screen).

Once the install completed I was stuck with a low resolution desktop until I loaded the proprietary driver (nVidea v304.128) in the Additional Drivers options. Now I have an up-to-date Ubuntu Mate install with a crisp screen.


I'm connected to Wi-Fi network but my internet keeps dropping randomly

We notice this in your paste:

Address: <MAC 'RJNSL' [AC1]>
                    Channel:6
                    Frequency:2.437 GHz (Channel 6)
                    Quality=60/70  Signal level=-50 dBm
                    Encryption key:on
                    ESSID:"RJNSL"
                    Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s
                              9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s
                    Bit Rates:24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
                    Mode:Master
                    Extra:tsf=0000000531e3c64c
                    Extra: Last beacon: 160ms ago
                    IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1
                        Group Cipher : TKIP
                        Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP
                        Authentication Suites (1) : PSK
                    IE: WPA Version 1
                        Group Cipher : TKIP
                        Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP
                        Authentication Suites (1) : PSK

First, check the settings in the router. WPA2-AES is preferred; not any WPA and WPA2 mixed mode and certainly not TKIP. Second, if your router is capable of N speeds, you may have better connectivity with a channel width of 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band instead of automatic 20/40 MHz, although it is likely to affect N speeds. I also have better luck with a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.

Next, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Check yours:

sudo iw reg get

If you get 00, that is a one-size-maybe-fits-all setting. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Then set it temporarily:

sudo iw reg set IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Set it permanently:

sudo nano /etc/default/crda

Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.

Next, I'd set IPv6 to Ignore in Network Manager: http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/18/html/Installation_Guide/images/netconfig/network-connections-ipv6-ignore.png  This example is for ethernet, but you want wireless.


Has there been any malicious PPA so far?

This is one of the main reasons Ubuntu is turning to snap based installations: a PPA has root access to our system so when it comes to PPAs trust is high. The only safe repositories are the official ones and their mirrors.
A PPA can include packages that replace existing packages. Not really an issue if you want the newest chromium to replace and old chromium. But it is when it replaces python, or ruby, or perl or a library like libc.

Has there been any malicious PPA so far in Launchpad?

No. There is a process to get a PPA accepted on Launchpad but on Launchpad the owner of the PPA is also public so probably not a good idea to try and slip a PPA with malicious code.
Mind that malware writes probably want to earn some easy cash and doing it through a PPA to target Linux users will require to create a new piece of software that is good enough to install. That takes weeks or even years to get done. Seems easier to target Windows users (easier to reach, and there are still many more of them).

Is there any way a user can report a potentially malicious PPA?

As with all things Launchpad related: you file a bug report against it.


I think you should first test your USB and use format FAT32, e.g. in GParted, to make a fresh start.

I recommend MultiSystem (http://liveusb.info/dotclear/index.php?pages/install) as probably the best solution for what you want to achieve - a Multi-OS live USB.

(I use a USB HDD with a number of live Linux distributions, including Parted Magic, Redo, Recatux, etc. for backup and recovery purposes, created and updated regularly by MultiSystem.)


I found I had to add --os-user and --os-password to all calls to microstack.openstack. Setting the environment didn't work (is it not available to the snap?). Did you find another way around?


What is the recommended way to install pip on Snappy Ubuntu Core?

I think you want your own snap, which uses the Docker snap as a framework. In 16.04 you would use a different mechanism to connect to Docker, but in 15.04 the "framework" mechanism was the right way to get this done.

In your own snap you can of course do whatever you want :)


No traffic flows through Wireguard on Ubuntu 20.04.2

Finally found out what the problem was. My ISP reset the GPON Modem which switched back to NAT mode instead of bridge mode. So the connection wasn't actually established but it was "active" somehow inside the Wireguard client.


Cannot install vmware-tools: A previous installation of VMware Tools has been detected

This also happened to me when I interrupted vmware tools upgrade.
it seems, the first thing the upgrade does is delete all files in the system. the uninstall script being the first one and that's why you can't find it.

I don't understand why the installation gets interrupted+ if the uninstall script is not found (for me, that's just a bad decision), but the mounted device comes with its own script which you can use to delete everything.
a simple

locate vmware-uninstall

outputed its location and for me it was in

/home/my_username/Desktop/vmware-tools-distrib/bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl

For you, the only difference should be ronald instead of *my_username*.
Hope that helps.


How can I share my Internet connection through USB?

Can your phone tether with you Android? If so, you can access the wi-fi from your phone. It should be in the settings, networking/wireless.


The best way to correctly install gcc-4.9 is as follows:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gcc-4.9 g++-4.9


try opening a terminal (either windows-key, type terminal, or ctrl+alt+T) and doing a:

sudo update-grub

fixed it for me...

Failing that, you might need to reinstall Grub completely.  There's some instructions here

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RecoveringUbuntuAfterInstallingWindows

I've used boot-repair in the past, but it looks like it might be as simple as just doing a

sudo grub-install /dev/sda

the important thing is to use the device (sda) not the partition (eg sda6)


I just encountered a similar issue to this (gdm3 was unable to launch wayland on my ubuntu 17.10 system) - I resolved it by switching to lightdm.

I was not seeing the duplicate process issues you report, but maybe that will help.

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm


OSS object oriented alternatives to oracle database

Postgres is probably closest to Oracle, especially if you install the Oracle support functions for PostgreSQL

sudo apt-get install postgresql-8.4-orafce


Difficulties creating a Persistent LiveUSB key for Ubuntu 16.04

Ok, I understand you in two different ways. First one is that you simply need Ubuntu on a USB stick, so that you can install it to some system using that same USB stick. In other words, the USB stick replaces the installation DVD. This would be done like this:

download the desired ISO-image of Ubuntu. This could be ubuntu-17.10-desktop-amd64.iso.
Insert the USB stick into your computer and type sudo fdisk -l to find the device name your USB stick has in your system. If I put a USB stick in my system, the name will be /dev/sdc.
Copy the ISO-image to your USB stick using sudo dd if=/path/to/your/iso/ubuntu-17.10-desktop-amd64.iso of=/dev/sdc. You'll have to adapt the path and the drive to your system. Oh, and pay attention to the drive. If it fdisk shows you something like /dev/sdc1 and /dev/sdc2, then you still use only /dev/sdc without the number behind, because you want to overwrite all the partitions on the stick.
Reboot your system and boot from your USB stick.

The other way your question could be interpreted, is that you want to use your USB stick as main or secondary drive. This should be fairly simple. Use gparted to partition your USB stick. For instance a 2 GB SWAP, a 50 GB ext4, and the rest with a third partition with ntfs. You'll use the SWAP and the ext4 partition for Ubuntu and the ntfs partition for file exchange between Windows and Linux.


How are you doing it on Windows, with Nero AAC?

If you use neroAacEnc -lc -br 400 -if <input-file> -of <output-file> on Windows, then it's  the same on Linux with the Linux binaries that Nero offers.

You should re-evaluate your choice of encoder, codec and bitrate:

Mobile and entertainment devices today have more storage space, integration to online storage or streaming and support for lossless audio formats. Why not go with FLAC for the important pieces and use 256kbps for everything else?
There are new encoders and codecs like Fraunhofer FDK AAC and Opus.
At last, have you ever made a double-blind test with different AAC encoders and your Nero 400kbps encodes? Do you notice any difference? On which playback device and which gear?

Related:

How to convert AC3 6ch audio to HE-AAC? GUI solution?


What folder contains the Wallpapers for 14.04

They're located in

/usr/share/backgrounds


That's pretty simple, just pass your main window instance to your dialog :-).

    # ...
    dialog = NewAccountDialog.NewAccountDialog(self)
    # ...

class NewAccountDialog(Gtk.Dialog):
    def __init__(self, main):
        self.main = main
        # I can manage main now!


Error while making a .deb package with Quickly: setup.py install_egg_info failed

I believe this means that you are using some elements that are based on gtk2, perhaps pygtk, and some elements that are gtk3 with gobject introspection. These things don't mix. Once you use gtk3 and therefore gobject introspection, you must leave all of pygtk and gtk2 behind.

The programs that quickly produce had used pygtk and therefore gtk2, but I believe recent quickly versions generate gtk3 and gobject introspection.

The libraries you use may use gtk2 or gtk3. In the answer you mentioned Jono said PyNotify uses gtk2, for example. He apparently decided to have one program use gtk2 exclusively and another program use gtk3 exclusively--I think that's what he meant by having separate code bases.

The thing to do is to pick one, probably gtk3 and introspection, and accomplish what you need to do being careful to use only those libraries that have been converted to use gtk3 and gobject introspection as well.


After latest update for 14.04, cannot log in to any user account

This is a known bug with lightdm. There are ways to possibly fix it, along with ways of working around the problem. Make sure your computer is connected to the internet and enter a TTY by pressing Ctrl + ALT + F2. Log in here, then try the following:

Purge and reinstall lightdm:
Run sudo apt-get remove --purge lightdm. Once that's done, run sudo apt-get update and then sudo apt-get install lightdm && sudo dpkg --configure lightdm.
Reconfigure lightdm:
I've never had much much luck with this, but you might.
Run sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm.
Install another Display Manager, such as gdm:
Run sudo apt-get install gdm.
When you are asked which Display Manager to use by default, choose gdm.

Reboot after all of these.


Finally was solved changin network card in Hyper-V, seems to be affected if make some change in Hyper-V config.
Thanks.


It's because things work like this in *nix system.It gives a little bit of extra security by not showing asterisks while you typing because someone seeing your screen might know the length of your password. When the system asks for password, just type and hit enter when finish, things will work if password matches.


Ubuntu 14.10(Utopic Unicorn), Displays menu is Broken?

I had also the same problem in Ubuntu-14.10.  I solved it by reinstalling ubuntu-desktop.

type with these commands and see if it is working:

                       sudo apt-get update
                       sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop
                       sudo apt-get install unity
                       sudo shutdown -r now


How to disable the "unlock your keyring" popup?

Fire up "User Accounts", set "automatic login" to "off". At startup you will be asked your user/password only once; popups like "unlock keyring" will never pester you again.


Generally you can't restore a full-system backup from within a broken system. Especially when sudo is broken.

Yoг need to boot from something else, like Ubuntu LiveUSB. Then you'll be able to restore.


Laptop using 14.04 won't get past login GUI

I fixed my issue.
I had this repository

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/eugenesan/ppa/ubuntu trusty main

in my list. That repository yesterday updated these 4 packages to a custom version (based on GNOME 3.12):

ubuntu-session
gnome-session-common
gnome-session-bin
gnome-session

I downgraded these packages to the version 3.9.90-0ubuntu12 and after a sudo service lightdm restart all is working, up and running.

To downgrade from command line:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-session-bin=3.9.90-0ubuntu12
sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-session-common=3.9.90-0ubuntu12
sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-session=3.9.90-0ubuntu12
sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-session=3.9.90-0ubuntu12


Open terminal ( or also known as command line ) by pressing together CtrlAltT or by finding it in dash.
Run this command sudo gedit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf. This opens text editor with lightdm.conf file located in /etc/lightdm folder.
In the file you should have this line [SeatDefaults] . Bellow this line , enter session-cleanup-script=/path/to/your-script.sh , where /path/to/your-script.sh is the actuall address of the script that you want to run. Note: make sure your script is set to executable by running sudo chmod +x /path/to/script.sh
Save and exit

NOTE:  as of 14.04 version, the config file doesn't exist and must be created manually OR  copied from an example file using the following command

 sudo sh -c ' zcat /usr/share/doc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.gz > /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf`


I haven't tried it myself, nor know how it works, but I've read interesting stories about xjadeo (used with jack audio)


Purge and Reinstall Kernel and Wireguard

Boot into older kernel.
sudo apt remove linux-image-5.3.0-1026
sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt install wireguard


Recent versions of apt changed the way patterns are specified, and apt no longer supports regular expressions directly or wildcards, other than * for which support was restored in 2.1.0 and backported to 2.0.3.
You should now use
apt install '~nlibkf5.*'

with apt between 1.9.9 and 2.0.2, or the long form
apt install '?name(libkf5.*)'

available slightly earlier.
See the apt-patterns manpage (man apt-patterns) for details.


Can I use Juju for a single Server or do I need to work in a cloud

I found this answer on the JuJu FAQ page that talks about your question:

  Does juju only deploy to the Amazon EC2 cloud?

  No. juju can deploy to EC2, OpenStack, and bare metal (MAAS) via LXC
  containers or Orchestra . When using LXC you are able to run juju
  charms on a single local machine. This is the recommended method for
  prototyping charms as it’s quicker to iterate locally and then deploy
  on the cloud when you’re ready to test.

Source: https://juju.ubuntu.com/FAQ

I believe the LXC  part is something you would be interesting since they recommend it for prototyping charms.

How do I configure juju for local usage?


It’s working now kept getting the h2c unable to pair or send command text and left it on all night then came back restarted the system and the Ubuntu booted up I think it’s a WiFi card problem but seems to be working fine now thanks for all the help!


You can use either of these commands.

apt gives a bit more information, like a progress bar.

apt becomes default in Ubuntu 16.04. But still apt-get is usable.

There is no much difference how both work.

And there is apt autoremove in newer versions of apt.

apt autoremove has been added since version 1.1~exp9.

In Ubuntu 16.04 version 1.2.7 is installed at the moment.


Just type Following commands in terminal. (Press ctrl+alt+t to open)

 sudo apt-get install -f

This will fix package dependencies.

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

This will install necessary Codecs to play media files.


Use double quotes "" to show the text within formula.

Your formula should look like this:

Sat = {1-3[ min {left ("Red.Green.Blue" right)} ]} over {("Red+Green+Blue")} newline
Sat = "Red-Green"

Each "¿" character is now replaced by the correct text in the formula: Red, Green, Blue. The formula after the newline is assumed to have uppercase letters.


I get the same issue. If you use NVidia drivers, there are issues with performance when using the NVidia graphics card. Try: sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates &&
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get remove nvidia-current PLUS: I found a bit of an improvement increasing the composite refresh rate found in the Compiz-Setting-Manger PLUS: there are issues with Compiz and Unity, despite what some say, it is unstable and easily broken..


snap install / refresh fc-cache: No such file or directory

I experienced the exactly same issue with chromium snap and found that in my case it was caused by having gnome-3-28-1804 snap installed, but disabled. I'd newer version gnome-3-34-1804 of the gnome-3 snap installed, but the chromium package apparently depends on the older version containing the fc-cache
After enabling the 3.28 version of the snap using snap enable gnome-3-28-1804 I'm now able install/update the chromium snap.
So i recommend:

check list of installed snaps: snap list
install & enable the gnome-3-28-1804 snap:

snap install gnome-3-28-1804
snap enable gnome-3-28-1804

install/update chromium snap: snap install chromium

Additional notes:

yes, -1804 version of the gnome-3 are installed even on Ubuntu 20.04 OS
check also #1915712 bug report for the chromium-browser package in Ubuntu
another related chromium snap issue related to the fc-cache


What does this command mean: 'grep main/source/Sources.gz Release'? Where is the file main/source/Sources.gz?

I think that you misunderstands the grep command
grep main/source/Sources.gz Release

The command looks for a text-string "main/source/Sources.gz" in a file called "Release" in current directory.


If you would like to keep you browser up to date, I think the easiest thing to do is to add the PPA. I will explain how to do this for both Chrome and Chromium. These two browsers are mostly the same, but you can check out the differences here.

Chrome

First you have to install the key. This can be done by opening Terminal and typing

wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add -

Step two is to add the repository

sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list'

Then you update and, if you haven't already, install Google Chrome

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable

Chromium

Chromium is more straight forward. Just add the PPA, update, and install by typing this in Terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:a-v-shkop/chromium
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install chromium-browser


Here's one thing I can think of that could explain your symptoms. If you have a mount point to a “flaky” filesystem, or a symbolic link to a mount point to a flaky filesystem, in your home directory, then most methods of listing your home directory could hang (including ls -l, ls -F, ls --color, but not plain /bin/ls) waiting for that flaky filesystem.

Possible examples of flaky filesystems:

An NFS/Samba mount where the server is not responding. This is mostly observed in unix enterprise environments.
A fuse mount that's hung on .

Unmounting the offending filesystem may help; umount -l or umount -f may be useful in desperate circumstances (read the mount man page before using these options). For a fuse filesystem that's waiting on a process that isn't responding, try umounting with fusermount -u (or fusermount -uz if there are open files), and killing the non-responding process.

Tip: don't mount this kind of filesystems under a directory you traverse often, such as your home directory. Have a dedicated parent directory for such mount points, e.g., ~/mnt. The same goes for symbolic links that point into these filesystems.


how to bind two keys, like Control+z="<" with xev and xmodmap

I suggest you use xmacro instead, it seemed to work in this similar question:

How to create a unicode combination of keys by pressing one key (Simplify unicode adding)


How do I remove unwanted options from the splash screen? Cinnamon 1.61

possible duplicate : How do I remove kubuntu-full and all it's applications?

For gnome check the second answer which is a possible duplicate: How to remove and reinstall GNOME 3?

For gnome classic possible duplicate:
How to remove Gnome-fallback?

I copied the commands for you. However check the links to know what will happend if you used these commands since these commands may remove programs/dependencies you may want to keep.

KDE

sudo apt-get remove kubuntu-desktop

EDIT:  WAIT Before using the last 2 commands I need someone else to tell if removing the gnome would also remove the cinnamon desktop !! if yes then probably you dont want to use it.

Gnome Classic

sudo apt-get remove gnome-session-fallback

Gnome

sudo apt-get remove gnome-shell


Problems booting ubuntu after unmounting or formating HDD (data disk)?

This error --"Timed out waiting for device dev-sdb1" means that it is trying to mount the HDD, and failing because it can't.

Edit the file /etc/fstab, comment out the reference to the HDD.
You should now be able to boot.


Installing a package from repositories of an older release on a newer Ubuntu

Please do this at your own risk

Remove SNMPD

sudo apt-get remove snmpd

Download this package from lucids repositories

32 bit - Download from here
64 bit - Download from here

The dependencies should be satisfied. Install all of them and you are done.


Can I install Ubuntu 17.04 on a laptop Alienware 17 R3 without damage?

Yes you can. Your machine has more than the minimum system requirements for installing Ubuntu 17.04.
Minimum system requirements
Ubuntu Desktop Edition
700 MHz processor (about Intel Celeron or better)
512 MiB RAM (system memory)
5 GB of hard-drive space (or USB stick, memory card or external drive but see LiveCD for an alternative approach)
VGA capable of 1024x768 screen resolution
Either a CD/DVD drive or a USB port for the installer media

Internet access is helpful

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/SystemRequirements
And installing Ubuntu may damage your HDD contents if you do not know what to do in partitioning step during Ubuntu installation.
If you have a fresh system and do not have any data on your machine (HDD) simply boot up system with Ubuntu Disk or USB installer and follow clear steps to install it.
If you have another operating system like Microsoft Windows and want to dual boot your computer with Windows & Ubuntu you must do pre-installation steps.
This is a good tutorial for safely partitioning your system and making it dual boot with Windows and Ubuntu.
The Ultimate Windows 7 and Ubuntu Linux Dual Boot Guide
But this is my way of doing that:
I suggest that in Windows you shrink a partition and obtain 100 GiB free space (write on paper exact size of it) steps 3, 4, 5  and in Ubuntu installation process in Installation Type select Something Else and go on to Create Partitions Manually step 13. other steps are straightforward.


Tutorial on how to back up my full Ubuntu desktop and files?

There are plenty of tools to help you backup your system. My personal favorit is rsync

To back up your home folder

rsync -a --delete --quiet /home/User /path/to/HDD
-a
    indicates that files should be archived, meaning that most of their characteristics are preserved
--delete
    means files deleted on the source are to be deleted on the backup as well

It can be done using ssh as well just add -e ssh /home/User user@server:path/to/backup

(if the dedicated HDD is running on a separate server such as mine is)

As a full system backup (which I'm failry certain is what you're looking for)

rsync -aAXv --exclude={"/dev/*","/proc/*","/sys/*","/tmp/*","/run/*","/mnt/*","/media/*","/lost+found"} / /path/to/backup/folder

Using the option -aAXv ensures that all file permissions, ownerships, links, mod times, ACL's and extended attributes are preserved!

I personally have a script to backup my home folder weekly and then zip it and send it to my server, and once a month I will do a full system backup and send it to a different more secure server.

You may also be interested in checking out --parial flag! For completeness though here is the man page https://manpage.me/?q=rsync


The reason that Case-1 does not work is that rm does not take the arguments via STDIN, it takes the arguments or the files to remove as:

rm file_1 file_2

Whereas in Case-2 xargs takes the output of the find command via STDIN and converts the filenames as arguments for the rm command.

Please read man rm and man xargs to get more idea on this.


I am not sure what you mean by "taking the $count > 0 as estalished?", but that looks like a valid count of established connections to a given port. You might want to restrict to a given interface or protocol (so two different services listening on the same port but on different interfaces don't get mixed up).

Additionally, you could also simplify the command a bit:

count=$(netstat -an | awk -v port=":$PORT\$" '$4 ~ port && $6 == "ESTABLISHED" {count++} END {print count}')

You can also use lsof instead. lsof -i :$PORT will list open connections on that port, and you can use the -n (similar to -n in netstat), and the -F T option (to list PID, file descriptor number and TCP states only) to make it easier to parse:

lsof -ni ":$PORT" -FT | grep -c TST=ESTABLISHED


Follow this guide:  Partitioning/Home/Moving

Ask me for help and guidance if you are unsure during the task.


I have exactly the same problem you are describing, when I choose A2DP mode while my bluetooth speaker is selected I automatically get switched to the built in audio while in the sound menu.

Sometimes If I switch to A2DP during playback whatever I am playing freezes and does not start to play until I select something else.

I often get it working after some tinkering with restarting my bluetooth speaker and disconnecting/connecting the bluetooth.


Can't boot to Linux after replacing Windows 7 with it while having another Windows 7 in another partition

Seems like a problem with your bootloader. The installation of Linux mint probably went correctly, but its bootloader did not get installed. Can you in any way get to a grub rescue screen on your PC? Try booting directly to the disk you have installed linux on, with safe boot disabled. If you cannot find any other bootloaders then the windows one, try reinstalling grub! You can do this by booting from the usb again, and following this guide: https://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2013/11/reinstall-grub-ubuntu-wont-boot/


How to fix slow wireless on machines with Intel wireless cards on Ubuntu 17.04?

I own and use successfully two Intel wireless devices. I have honed a few techniques in several years and thousands of forum posts.

First, check the settings in the router. WPA2-AES is preferred; not any WPA and WPA2 mixed mode and certainly not TKIP. Second, if your router is capable of N speeds, you may have better connectivity with a channel width of 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band instead of automatic 20/40 MHz, although it is likely to affect N speeds. I also have better luck with a fixed channel, either 1, 6 or 11, rather than automatic channel selection. Also, be certain the router is not set to use N speeds only; auto B, G and N is preferred. After making these changes, reboot the router.

Next, I recommend that your regulatory domain be set explicitly. Check yours:

sudo iw reg get

If you get 00, that is a one-size-maybe-fits-all setting. Find yours here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 Then set it temporarily:

sudo iw reg set IS

Of course, substitute your country code if not Iceland. Set it permanently:

sudo nano /etc/default/crda

Change the last line to read:

REGDOMAIN=IS

Proofread carefully, save and close the text editor.


The ubuntu-restricted-extras has all the multimedia decoding packages in and working for me on the decoding end.  And chromium automatically used the ffmpeg plug-in.

If there are packages in restricted-extras you are sure you don't want you could try just
chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra from the Software Center:

Or in Terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra

Just to be sure it makes it in to chromium and you don't just get the codec.


(Nautilus Scripts) $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS; have problems with space

IFS is by default set to space, that's why your string is being divided into spaces. Just set it to the newline with the following code:

IFS_BAK=$IFS
IFS="
"

for line in $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS; do
    whatever $line
done

IFS=$IFS_BAK


Disable OpenGL for compiz from command line

This worked for me:

gconftool-2 --set --type=list --list-type=string /apps/compiz-1/general/screen0/options/active_plugins "[core,composite,decor,imgpng,compiztoolbox,regex,mousepoll,place,session,move]"


right click on a file you wish to open navigate to properties at the bottom then navigate to open with there you can see the default app for given format and you can change or replace it with desired one, if it's not listed search for it manually of course, for example /usr/bin/ appname.

Also you can install Ubuntu-tweak:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak

run it when it's opened navigate to admins/file type manager and find and choose format for changing.


Ubuntu 12.10 xmodmap reset after usb plug/unplug

It took a while to figure out, but I have an answer for this.  This actually happens on all Ubuntu versions that I checked and I'm using this fix on 12.04 right now.

I have found that these mappings are not reset if you have all of your xmodmap mappings in a file that is called ~/.Xmodmap.

I had called my file .xmodmaprc and had exactly the behavior that you experience.  After changing to the new file name, this annoying behavior went away.  My guess is that Ubuntu reads mappings from this file whenever there is a new keyboard added to the system.


Remmina remote desktop RDP randomly logs off

There can be a number of issues related to the Windows End of the RDP connection.

Check the system log on the Windows machine around the time of the disconnection. RDP logs errors there.
ControlPanel > Administrative Tools > Event Viewer > System

Here are two good troubleshooting guides from the Microsoft community which may help.

http://blogs.msdn.com/b/rds/archive/2011/01/10/how-to-resolve-the-issue-remote-desktop-disconnected-or-unable-to-connect-to-remote-desktop-terminal-server.aspx

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/186645


Canon LBP7110Cw doesn't print with ubuntu 12.04

Ran into the same issue (err = -1¥nDEBUG: Wrote 1 pages...) today after installing Canon-provided 64-bit drivers for an LBP7110cw printer on an (x)ubuntu 14.04 Trusty Tahr workstation. Readme file within the .gzipped directory containing the drivers warned to install ia32-libs and libjpeg62:i386; however, ia32-libs are no longer present in ubuntu 12.04 and later versions.

Installing the following libraries prior to (re)installing the 64-bit driver fixed the issue and enabled printing:

# sudo apt-get install lib32z1 lib32ncurses5 lib32bz2-1.0 libjpeg62:i386


How can I find what network manager my installation is using?

Network Manager is missing because it is a graphical application. This is typically not available in a server installation. Networking in Ubuntu 18.04 server edition is handled by netplan. You can check its configuration with:

cat /etc/netplan/*.yaml

You can find more information here: https://netplan.io/ and, especially, here: https://netplan.io/examples


You can use lshw to display memory information:

sudo lshw -c memory

It will display RAM as well as CPU caches, but you can quickly find the information you want.

One example memory module could look like this:

 *-bank:0
      description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1600 MHz (0,6 ns)
      product: ACR16D3LS1KNG/8G
      vendor: Kingston
      physical id: 0
      serial: 16392411
      slot: ChannelA-DIMM0
      size: 8GiB
      width: 64 bits
      clock: 1600MHz (0.6ns)


My Ubuntu system is not wake-up automatically?

rtcwake

The command that you are interested in is rtcwake:

  This  program  is  used  to  enter a system sleep state until specified wakeup time.

testing

To find the correct syntax that works for you try the following:

sudo rtcwake -u -s 60 -m mem

This should suspend the computer for 60 seconds before restoring.  The significant parameter is mem  You have several options you can choose - play to find the value that works best for you:

          standby
                 ACPI state S1. This state offers  minimal,  though  real,
                 power savings, while providing a very low-latency transi‐
                 tion back to a working system. This is the default mode.

          mem    ACPI state S3 (Suspend-to-RAM). This state offers signif‐
                 icant  power  savings  as everything in the system is put
                 into a low-power  state,  except  for  memory,  which  is
                 placed in self-refresh mode to retain its contents.

          disk   ACPI  state  S4  (Suspend-to-disk). This state offers the
                 greatest power savings, and  can  be  used  even  in  the
                 absence  of  low-level platform support for power manage‐
                 ment. This state operates  similarly  to  Suspend-to-RAM,
                 but  includes  a final step of writing memory contents to
                 disk.

          off    ACPI  state  S5  (Poweroff).  This  is  done  by  calling
                 '/sbin/shutdown'.   Not officially supported by ACPI, but
                 usually working.

          no     Don't suspend. The rtcwake command sets RTC  wakeup  time
                 only.

          on     Don't  suspend,  but  read  RTC  device  until alarm time
                 appears. This mode is useful for debugging.

Suspend Until A Known Time

A script (at the bottom of this post) could be used to suspend your computer and wake at a specific time:

syntax is suspend_until [hh:mm] for example

sudo ./suspend_until 07:30

Save the script as the name suspend_until and give it execute rights i.e.

chmod +x suspend_until

suspend_until script

#!/bin/bash

# Auto suspend and wake-up script
#
# Puts the computer on standby and automatically wakes it up at specified time
#
# Written by Romke van der Meulen <redge.online@gmail.com>
# Minor mods fossfreedom for AskUbuntu
#
# Takes a 24hour time HH:MM as its argument
# Example:
# suspend_until 9:30
# suspend_until 18:45

# ------------------------------------------------------
# Argument check
if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
    echo "Usage: suspend_until HH:MM"
    exit
fi

# Check whether specified time today or tomorrow
DESIRED=$((`date +%s -d "$1"`))
NOW=$((`date +%s`))
if [ $DESIRED -lt $NOW ]; then
    DESIRED=$((`date +%s -d "$1"` + 24*60*60))
fi

# Kill rtcwake if already running
sudo killall rtcwake

# Set RTC wakeup time
# N.B. change "mem" for the suspend option
# find this by "man rtcwake"
sudo rtcwake -l -m mem -t $DESIRED &

# feedback
echo "Suspending..."

# give rtcwake some time to make its stuff
sleep 2

# then suspend
# N.B. dont usually require this bit
#sudo pm-suspend

# Any commands you want to launch after wakeup can be placed here
# Remember: sudo may have expired by now

# Wake up with monitor enabled N.B. change "on" for "off" if
# you want the monitor to be disabled on wake
xset dpms force on

# and a fresh console
clear
echo "Good morning!"

Cron

You can create a root cron job that calls this script to execute at a specific time in the evening and then awake in the morning:

sudo crontab -e

Now enter something like to run the suspend script at 23:30:

30 23 * * * /home/myhomefolder/suspend_until 07:30

Note:

Change mem in this part of the script for whatever suspend method works for you:

# Set RTC wakeup time
sudo rtcwake -l -m mem -t $DESIRED &

You may also have to substitute the -u flag in place of the -l flag depending on whether your hardware clock uses UTC (-u) or local (-l) time.  Note that your hardware clock is different from the system clock you see in your operating system.

If you want, you can convert this into python script impoting os.system as usual.

Source: askubuntu


How do I manually install the man pages for Java JDK system-wide?

This works, not sure if this is the canonical way though:

Soft link /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.6.0_32/man/man1 as /usr/share/man/man10 (10 is next in the list, there is already /usr/share/man/man1-man9).

Not sure what the naming convention is for /usr/share/man; why does man10 work but not man.java or man20?  Linking as /usr/share/man/man20 doesn't work either.

See update-alternatives script for full example (last line for man page link).


Make sure you have the options under

Preferences > Behavior > Window Behavior Selected

I would post a screen shot but I have to receive a few reputation points first ;-)


Run following command to find out the tomcat process

ps auxwww | grep -v grep | grep tomcat

From there you will find out the tomcat process and from there you can see which user is starting this.

For eg see the following output

vidyadhar@ubuntu:~$ ps auxwww | grep -v grep | grep tomcat
root      1941  0.2  1.7 419224 35208 ?        Sl   Aug12   0:06 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djava.endorsed.dirs=/usr/local/tomcat/endorsed -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start

In above eg 1941 is a tomcat process which is started by root user.

If you want to see all the user run below command

more /etc/passwd


File format descriptions of this say something like: """The MDI is a a high resolution, tag-based graphics format. MDI files are only supported by the Microsoft Office 2003 version (NOT supported in Office 2007) of Microsoft Office Document Imaging. If you are going to share files with people who are using Office Document Imaging 2002, or another document imaging program, save your files in TIFF format for compatibility."""

So apparently even Microsoft doesn't support this format anymore...  Maybe you can tell the insurance company that you don't have that antique MS Office version (anymore)?  (And in the mean time, use Document Viewer as "moberley" suggests.)


Will updating grub overwrite Windows Boot Manager if Ubuntu is installed on a USB stick?

I have kept a Ubuntu 12.04 installation on a USB drive for last 5 years for occasional / emergency use. Above that this USB installation grub menu shows a windows installation also which do not exit at all. When I was used to boot in to windows system without USB I used to boot without any problem. So as far as I understand you should not face any problem. If you feel any problem at any time just run boot-repair.


Error in sudo apt-get update on ubuntu 15.10

I think the Ubuntu Servers may be having a problem. To get a workaround, you can use a mirror instead of Ubuntu's Main servers for updating/installing software.

To do that:

Open up Dash (by pressing the super key).
Search for "update" and click on Software & Updates. You should get a window that looks like this.
Choose a different download server by clicking the drop-down menu next to Download from:
Click Close. And your software repositories should be updated. This is equivalent to the command: apt-get update

You should now be able to install latest versions of the softwares available in your repository from the command line, or the GUI.


How do I install and configure Grub to dual boot Ubuntu and Windows?

It looks like you have a newer system that is UEFI with CSM.
UEFI Compatibility Support Module (CSM), which emulates a BIOS mode

But your Windows is installed in BIOS boot mode and then drive has to be MBR. So if you boot in UEFI mode Ubuntu will not install correctly.
UEFI has to have gpt partitioned drives.
BIOS has to have MBR(msdos) partitioned drives.

You need to make sure you boot Ubuntu installer or Boot-Repair in BIOS boot mode not UEFI boot mode. They are not compatible and once you start booting in one mode you cannot switch.

If you boot Boot-Repair in BIOS mode from UEFI/BIOS menu with CSM/Legacy/BIOS boot on, or UEFI off, then Boot-Repair should be able to help you chroot into your system and install grub-pc which is for BIOS boot.


Installing graphite-carbon via apt unattended

At the moment, I am automating complicated setups too. To accomplish this task, I use AutoExpect.
It records keyboard input into an Expect script, which can be run again.

sudo apt-get install expect-dev

Then you can type

autoexpect

to start recording. When you are finished, simply type Exit to stop recording and save the script. It will be saved in the directory you are in as script.exp
The script will not run directly, you will have to adapt it a bit using a text editor.
It will not only apply to the software you are installing, you can use it for about anything.
More info:

http://linux.die.net/man/1/autoexpect

http://bit.ly/1u9qTQJ


Removal of old kernels without deleting all

Install byobu utility:

sudo apt install byobu

To remove all of old kernels except two last run:

sudo purge-old-kernels -qy --keep 2


How to disable unity window open/close animation? (No third party software)

The best option might be to use the Compizconfig Settings Manager:

sudo apt-get install compiz compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-fusion-plugins-main compiz-plugins

You should then be able to open Compiz through the dash by searching for "ccsm".

Once it's open, go to "animations" and you should be able to find the options to disable things there.


A "Commands" element appeared in my Unity launcher...what is it?

What it is, is a bug. File a report on launchpad.net and gain some Karma. Attach that screenshot. :)

As for how you get rid of it, if you press alt+f2 and run compiz --replace, then I'm fairly sure it'll go away.

As a wild guess, I'd say "Commands" is the default label for launcher quicklists and that somehow, an empty and unconfigured launcher entry has been created for some reason. But it's a wild guess and it might very well be entirely wrong.


Is there a PPA for the latest proftpd security issue? (May 18th 2015)

TL;DR Download the latest version here and compile your own version. Currently there is no PPA for Ubuntu 12.04 with the version 1.3.4e/1.3.5.

Compile your own version

It is possible that you need some development libraries. If so, drop me a comment.

cd
wget ftp://ftp.proftpd.org/distrib/source/proftpd-1.3.4e.tar.gz
tar xf proftpd-1.3.4e.tar.gz
cd proftpd-1.3.4e
./configure
make

Install with make (the classic way)

sudo make install

Or with aptitude for a deb package

sudo apt-get install aptitude
sudo aptitude


Control Ubuntu from Windows over Bluetooth

I don't know over bluetooth, but you can do it if you are in the same Lan, via ssh or xrdp =)

ssh:

sudo apt-get install opensshserver <- ubuntu

Download putty.exe <- windows

xrdp

sudo apt-get install rdesktop (or freerdp-x11) <- ubuntu

remote desktop for windows is installed by default

I hope this could help you mate.


Snap library removing (gir1.2-snapd-1, libsnapd-glib1, libsnappy1v5, libsnappy1v5:i386) with dependencies

I will not recommend to remove the applications because:

removal of software-properties-gtk from the system will remove Software & Updates application which is user-friendly for repository and updates management.
removal of ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk, update-manager and update-notifier will lead to lack of nice looking update/upgrade manager applications.

Without packages in the above list you convert package management of your system to server-like OS with only terminal-based tools like apt, apt-get, aptitude, add-apt-repository, do-release-upgrade. So such system loses usability and user-friendless.

Removal of gnome-software is good as it is very slow and dumb application.

But removal of ubuntu-mate-core and ubuntu-mate-desktop will not trash the system. They are meta-packages.

You can end with removal of Snapd itself by sudo apt-get purge snapd.

Personally I do not like Snaps too, but in some cases they are useful. For example for installing new package versions on old systems like Ubuntu 16.04 LTS. And for installing some proprietary stuff, which is not presented in the repositories (like video-conference apps).

You can simply leave these packages in the system. Such removal will not free large amount of space.


If you read man dd, it refers you to info coreutils 'dd invocation' which says, in part,

Sending an INFO signal to a running dd process makes it print
I/O statistics to standard error and then resume copying.  In the
example below, dd is run in the background to copy 10 million blocks.
The kill command makes it output intermediate I/O statistics, and
when dd completes normally or is killed by the SIGINT signal, it
outputs the final statistics.

 $ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null count=10MB & pid=$!
 $ kill -s INFO $pid; wait $pid
 3385223+0 records in
 3385223+0 records out
 1733234176 bytes (1.7 GB) copied, 6.42173 seconds, 270 MB/s
 10000000+0 records in
 10000000+0 records out
 5120000000 bytes (5.1 GB) copied, 18.913 seconds, 271 MB/s

On systems lacking the INFO signal dd responds to the USR1
signal instead, unless the POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable is
set.

You can also try the status=progress option:

[~]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null count=10MB status=progress
4708234752 bytes (4.7 GB, 4.4 GiB) copied, 4 s, 1.2 GB/s
10000000+0 records in
10000000+0 records out
5120000000 bytes (5.1 GB, 4.8 GiB) copied, 4.3516 s, 1.2 GB/s
[~]$


Gnome Shell “Files & Folders” lens only finds files and folders in my home directory

GNOME shell only indexes some files in your home directory or in the "default" folders.

However, for 17.10, a decision was made not to automatically install the necessary tools to modify the index, namely tracker. This is due some concerns that it might be too invasive and/or too taxing to CPU and io.(*)

sudo apt-get install tracker

If you have installed trackeryou can edit the search via the Settings menu:

Go to Settings
Navigate to Search
Make sure you have Files turned on and maybe disable the other searches  you don't like (i.e. Software Center, Calendar, etc)
Click the little gear (⚙) button at the bottom to open the menu

Then navigate to Other and click the plus (+) symbol to add other search-paths

After you have closed the Settings panels, you can either log-out and back in or start the index manually with

tracker daemon -s

You can then check its progress with

tracker status

and get an output similar to this:

Currently indexed: 3556 files, 174 folders
Remaining space on database partition: 170.5 GB (69.29%)
All data miners are idle, indexing complete

(*) Personally, I've not seen any negativ side effects. In fact, on my modern SSD the index process is finished in seconds for ~3500 files with 54GB in total.


Should a faulty Ubuntu 15.10 system be 'upgrade'd to 16.04 or 'erase and reinstall'ed?

When in doubt, a fresh install is always cleaner and will make less problems than an upgraded system, even if the old version was working well.

As you say the old version is already messed up, if the upgrade will run successfully (which sounds rather unlikely given your explanations), it will pretty surely not fix any problems but generate even more things that don't work.

What you could try though would be to reinstall from the 16.04 boot medium and chose to keep personal files but reinstall the system. Make sure to have a backup of all important data anyway!


Clean Kubuntu 15.04 install - How do I include make my old home partition from 14.04 as new /home

Simplest method I know and use upon every fresh install is:

start up the live CD with the installer on it (Desktop version)
mount the old home partition in the install session (via terminal or file manager)
rename the user directory (sudo mv USER USER_old)
unmount the home partition and do the install with
manual disk setup: add the home partition as /home without formatting it
after the clean install log into your new system and copy/move all your data from /home/USER_old to /home/USER
additional data (mainly configuration files) can be found in the hidden directories (when using dolphin press "ALT+.", in the shell use ls -a to list them)
I.E. KDE configuration files can be found under /home/USER_old/.kde/share/config

Works for me, hope this helps...


Try ctrl+alt+F1, it will bring you to text console. Enter your username and pass, and see what's going on. You will know if it's X Server fault or login credentials are incorrect.

If you log in, copy your data to USB stick.


Matlab appeared to install to a nonsensical directory. How to safely undo?

To uninstall

rm -rf matlabroot

Where matlabroot represents the name of your top-level MATLAB installation folder.
I'm guessing the top-level folder would be /root/Downloads/MathWorks.
You may have to sudo the above command.

Official Uninstall Instructions


ATI-Radeon 9600 Driver is not installing: 12.04 LTS

http://support.amd.com/us/gpudownload/linux/Legacy/Pages/radeon_linux.aspx?type=2.4.1&product=2.4.1.3.12&lang=English

you just have to use the radeon driver from the official repository, your card is not supported by the fglrx driver.


This write up explains how to setup your Ubuntu Server as an NTP Server and how to configure your Windows Clients to use your server to sync their time.

Keep in mind that the instructions may differ slightly because you haven't provided the specs of your Ubuntu Server, but the principal will be the same:

Network Time Protocol (NTP) Server and Clients Setup in Ubuntu

Additional information, specifically for Ubuntu 12.04

NTP Server - 12.04


Why is Ubuntu Mate using Google DNS servers?

After much investigation (with help from @Terrance) I discovered that Ubuntu Mate is using avahi-dnsconfd and some other device on my network (possibly a Raspberry Pi) was broadcasting Google's DNS servers over mDNS / Bonjor / Avahi.

avahi-dnsconfd was picking this up and when avahi-dnsconfd.action ran, it was calling resolvconf to add the DNS servers is discovered over mDNS to /etc/resolf.conf

I disabled avahi-dnsconfd using:

sudo systemctl stop avahi-dnsconfd.service
sudo systemctl disable avahi-dnsconfd.service

for good measure I also edited /etc/default/avahi-daemon and set AVAHI_DAEMON_DETECT_LOCAL=0 (because I know my network doesn't have unicast DS servers that serve the .local TLD)


Ubuntu: Can't connect to the wireless network

At the moment I have no idea what's causing this, the question is vague.  However it may be that the card you're using in broadcom? If so, I can help out there for sure.

One thing I would recommend is not to use VM simply because you lose a lot of functionality. If you're only trying it, or running a quick thing, you may want to consider a dual boot - it's always good to have a backup plan, also you could just use a live install on a USB stick, you get 4 GB and for small things, you're set. Otherwise I would install alongside windows, or use the live install.


If the priorities of 2 jobs are the same, will the second job wait until the first one finishes?

This is a very basic explanation of how time sharing works:

There are (very short) time slices after which a running job has to give up the CPU to give way to other waiting jobs that are ready to run. This is to guarantee that even if a job is a purely calculating one, it can't block the CPU forever. When the job is forced to leave the CPU and would still have work to do, it is put back in the queue of the 'ready to run' jobs in a position corresponding to its priority.

If a job has to wait (e.g. to read from memory or to do an I/O - which is extremely slow compared to the speed of the CPU) it also gives up the CPU until it is woken up by an interrupt when the I/O is done. Then it will be put again into the queue of the 'ready to run' jobs.

This works even on a single core / single thread system.

So seen from outside both jobs will take turns at the CPU and will seem to be running simultaneously.

This behavior is very important for fairness: Imagine one job doing endless calculations (calculating all prime numbers up to 10^10) and a second one that only wants to echo hello which would have to wait until the first job has finished.


The problem might be because you are using guest account. Ubuntu's Guest account is a special type of account, which has its home directory set to the mount point of a tmpfs filesystem, which is used to store data which does not need to be persisted after a reboot.

The data in tmpfs is stored in RAM backed up by the swap space, so it is likely the data had never been written to disk in the first place, so there's basically nothing to recover.

More details on tmpfs.

If you're curious how guest account is set up, you can study /usr/sbin/guest-account, which is a shell script used to create/remove a guest account.

Answer from here


Are you behind a proxy? I had the same case as you, and I had to change in Spotify:Preferences>Proxy the "autodetect" to "HTTPS"


Removed Python 3 on 18.04, how can I fix my system?

As with answers from I want to uninstall Python3 and just use 2.7 and Removed python from my install, how do I get it back?, the core problem is that you removed something which is vital to the system.  Note however that contrary to these other questions and their answers, the problem is that since you removed Python 3, you are now left with an extremely broken system, and no guarantee that you can repair it.

Without knowing which flavor of Ubuntu you attempted to use, the answer in
Removed python from my install, how do I get it back? is not going to be useful.  We would need to know which flavor you installed to properly provide you with the proper package(s) to attempt to reinstall.  However, since Python is part of the core system now, the likelihood this type of 'reinstall' would work is not high, judging by the number of system dependencies which require Python 3.

Prior to more recent releases of Ubuntu, Python 2 was the default.  A few years ago, however, the lifecycle of Python 2 was set with an end of life date of 2020.

Python 2 is no longer the 'default' Python in the latest Ubuntu.  As such, many of the maintenance, system utility, and management programs and scripts now rely on Python 3.

Removing Python 3 is no longer a viable option for any Ubuntu systems.  It will introduce its own form of self-induced torture to your life and computer if you do this.  You are free to install other Python versions alongside it, but you cannot strip out Python 3 from your system without breaking it.

You could attempt to reinstall the Python 3 packages, going through the log files stored in  /var/log/apt/history.log and finding what you removed and what else was removed with it, and then attempting to apt-get install those packages again, however this will be hit-or-miss and your success with this will vary.

The only tried-and-true way to recover from this type of critical mistake is to completely reinstall the system, backing up any specific data that you want to keep first.


Ubuntu 14.04 : Nvidia GT 740 m Drivers not working

Install the latest stable NVIDIA drivers for GT 740M from the repositories.

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.
On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 ... enter  user name and password ...

Now execute the following commands :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-352 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

Update addressing that something went wrong during the installation

First uninstall all currently installed NVIDIA software you installed before.

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 - enter user name and password - execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Now install the latest official NVIDIA drivers 358 from the GPU drivers PPA.

Highlight the Ubuntu entry in the GRUB boot menu and press the E key.
Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line - press F10 to boot.

On login screen press Ctrl+Alt+F1 - enter user name and password - execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-358 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

Open NVIDIA X Server Settings (PRIME Profiles) to switch between graphics.


When you are creating an alias to python3.6 then there is no need to add it to your PATH unless there are some other utilities in that path which you want to have access them using bash.

If that's the case then in your .bashrc use something like:

export PATH=$PATH:~/miniconda3/bin

it will put your ~/miniconda3/bin at the end of PATH environment variable so your native applications will not be overridden.


16.04 LTS to 18.04.1 LTS upgrade: "Save as" window doesn't show recent locations

Someone got confused by the way "Recent files" was presented. To solve the issue, Gnome Developpers removed the option. (I am being deliberately a bit sarcastic here).

So indeed, for now, the feature is gone. You may want to add a comment to Bug 781819 to raise the attention to Gnome developpers that the feature may actually be of value.

As a work around, you can (eventually temporary) create a bookmark. A bookmark provides you with an equally quick, if not quicker, access point in the left pane of the dialog. As that approach actually results in a list that is more predictible and stable (since you create and manage it yourself), you may actually starting to like that approach.

Bookmarks can conveniently be created in the Save as dialog, i.e. while you are on the way to save a file. Right-clicking the folder where you want to save to create a bookmark. Right-click a bookmark in the left pane to delete or eventually rename it.


SD card won't appear after upgrade to 13.10

I had the same problem after upgrading to 13.10. I unplugged my card reader then plugged it back in and it was detected.


kernel: audit: type=1400 audit(1549657329.185:141): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-helper" name="/usr/lo"

It seems an old bug in isc-dhcp package. AppArmor (a security software like SELinux) deny dhclient process to open /usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-helper. As you can see from link this bug occurs on Ubuntu with specific version of Hardware Enablement (HWE) Linux Kernel Version.
You can try proposed solution, adding following lines to /etc/apparmor.d/sbin.dhclient
network inet dgram,
network inet6 dgram,

just after trace (readby) peer=/usr/sbin/NetworkManager,
then you need to:
apparmor_parser -r /etc/apparmor.d/sbin.dhclient
service apparmor restart


Is there an official Ubuntu free technical support team?

It would appear the "Ubuntu Support Team" that you mentioned has been inactive for over two years. (In fact I don't think it was ever really 'active').

There are four main places to go for community support:

IRC channel #ubuntu - personally I wouldn't advise it because it gets very chaotic
The Ubuntu Forums
Launchpad Answers
Ask Ubuntu

You might want to take a look at When should we use Launchpad Answers and when Ask Ubuntu. In my opinion none of these four tools are great for "troubleshooting", but this site is doing a very good job answering a lot of the questions people have about Ubuntu.


You can set proxy in System Settings --> Network --> Network Proxy.

If it still not OK for apt, you can use several methods, I personally use method adding
the following lines to /etc/apt/apt.conf:

Acquire::http::proxy "http://username:password@proxyserver:port/";
Acquire::https::proxy "http://username:password@proxyserver:port/";

Save and reboot


'no wifi adapter found' Broadcom wifi driver problem

r8169 is a wired Ethernet adapter and is not related to Wi-Fi.

You can install firmware for your Broadcom wireless adapter by

sudo apt install firmware-b43-installer

Reboot and Wi-Fi should work.

I suggest removing r8168-dkms driver. It may cause problems on kernel upates and it is not needed at all.


Adobe Acrobat in Wine - could not be saved - disk full

I tried saving inside a folder that was in the C:/ drive of snap acrordrdc wine, and that worked fine!


It seems that your main.cf is wrong formatted. The logfile writes:

May 13 13:30:53 risheetech postfix/master[9018]: warning:
   /etc/postfix/main.cf: logical line must not start with
   whitespace: " smtpd_banner = $myhostname ES..."

Have a look at the third list item in postconf(5):

  A logical line starts with non-whitespace text. A line that starts with whitespace continues a logical line.

So if you remove the whitespace at the line starting with smtpd_banner and restart Postfix it should working.


If you check the status of your service, you'd have seen something like this:

Sep 19 17:46:10 muru-1604 systemd[1]: [/etc/systemd/system/foo.service:7] Invalid environment assignment, ignoring: export PYTHONPATH=/some/path

The Environment setting is not using shell syntax. All it accepts is simple assignment:

Environment=PYTHONPATH=/some/path


How to clean data when wiping/reinstalling a compromised server?

Newbie answer:

mount with the noexec option so executables and libraries can't run at all (scripts can't run either, but they can still be invoked with bash malicious.sh).

Or

setup some kind of safe chroot environment so you don't mind blowing the entire "system" when a virus tries to nuke you, à la honeypot.

Option 1 has the obvious drawback you can't run any legit code, option 2 has the obvious drawback one single misbehaving executable can nuke all your legit data.

In addition, a good permission design (users, groups, sticky bit, setuid bit, etc.) and a restrictive umask should guarantee that a user is only able to blown up its own files (or in his responsibility), which is better than a complete destruction in case of attack.

You can also use a filesystem with snapshot support (I won't advertise ZFS too much, it has good things and bad things, you can give it a try). This won't prevent an escalation privilege attack gaining root and deleting your snapshots, but if it's just destruction of data, you can revert back to a previous state).


Confirmation for file / directory move operation

As pointed out by @danzel in the comments, dolphin does open a tooltip when you drag and drop fodlers/files, asking if you want to move, copy, link or cancel the operation. To move or copy the files without the tooltip you need to modify the operation with ctrl or shift.

I think neither nautilus nor thunar have this option. I'm also not aware of any File manager that have this feature. What you can do, is work around the likely causes for the problem. If the problem is a user that might not be as snappy with the figner anymore, causing what should open a file/folder be mistaken for a move, you have a few options.

On the mouse and touchpad settings you have a drag and drop threshold. If you increase that value, unless the person with the mouse move by that amount, it won't count as a drag and drop, so you have a lot more leeway if the user can't hold the hand steady enough. You might also try reducing the mouse sensitivity. Maybe increasing the double click time can be useful, as this is also a problem that some folk with the same issue have (not double clicking fast enough for it to register as a double click).
On Thunar preferences, you can try changing from the default to a single click to activate. Usually, the problem you described happens between the first and second click, so since the user will have to click just once, this might also solve the problem (Play with the delay value). This would require a bit of retraining from the user, which might not be desired.

Now if the problem is not related to that, and instead the user is simply moving files a bit hastily and haphazardly, causing them to go to wrong locations, you might try to talk to them to have a bit more caution. Maybe encourage right clicking copy/cut and paste into the folder instead of drag and drop, as this is a longer process, it might give enough time for the user to think and stop before committing a mistake. An extreme solution might be revoking the user permissions, and only allow them to read files.


Help needed on installation of Ubuntu server (precise pagolin)

I had the same problem using a burned DVD.
Using that one DVD I was able to install on one machine perfectly but installation on a second machine crapped out at 80% like the above. I doubled checked the md5sum, CD integrity, and even burned another DVD and still no dice.

To solve I burned on to a CD instead and installed perfectly on the second machine...go figure!


Your best bet would be to use a bootable Ubuntu LiveDVD or bootable Ubuntu LiveUSB and boot to that ..

Install the laptop's HD into your PC (actually if you have it hooked up through USB it still should work). Boot to the USB/DVD and choose the try option. You will be able to access both your windows drives and the linux ones so you should be able to use the LiveCD/DVD to copy the important files


Brightness control on Samsung Ativ Book 6

I managed to solve this by doing a fresh 14.04 install, the screen brightness commands now works right after the install without any trick needed. I reinstalled after upgrading to 14.10 bricked my graphic interface.


i want to know is there any other file needed along WINDOWS UBUNTU INSTALLER install ubuntu?

Please download the ubuntu iso file from the ubuntu website (not the torrent file).
Open the downloaded .iso file with winzip or wirar
Go to bottom of the file to find "wubi.exe" extract it to the same folder that has the iso file.
Execute the wubi.exe file.

For more info please check the below link:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Wubi

Please don't forget to click on the UP arrow beside this answer to mark it as useful

Thanks


WSL Ubuntu on Windows 10 shows 2 x 256GB drives yet only one 256GB Drive is installed?

Both drives are virtual disks in WSL2, as WSL (neither version 1 nor 2) allows direct access to the underlying Windows host drive/hardware.  WSL1's lsblk just errors out, while WSL2 (which you are apparently using) at least makes an attempt to map the virtual disk to its proper Linux device.
/dev/sdb, as can be seen in your lsblk output, is your root filesystem for this particular WSL instance.  If you were to start another instance (by installing a distribution or cloning your existing one), you would see a third drive (in all instances).  You can also see it being "attached" through dmesg.
With a default Ubuntu on WSL installation, the /dev/sdb for the instance corresponds to the ext4.vhdx file in your %userprofile%\AppData\Local\Packages\<distribution_package>\LocalState\ directory.  If you create your own instances with wsl --import, it's possible to place the file anywhere.
/dev/sda is, I'm fairly certain, the swap drive (credit here).  This drive is shared across all WSL instances.  You can find this virtual disk in %temp%\swap.vhdx.  Although I don't recommend it, you can confirm this with:
cat /proc/swaps # shows that the swap file is "/swap/file"
sudo mkdir /mnt/tmpmount
sudo mount /dev/sda /mnt/tmpmount
ls /mnt/tmpmount # shows the "file" is the only thing on the drive

Under a typical Linux installation, this would be more apparent through the mount in /etc/fstab, but this seems to be one of the things WSL handles through its own (bit-of-a-black-box) /init.


How can I make a file with alias's on it, put it on usb stick, and make the alias's accesible when I insert the usb drive

It is not clear what you are asking, so I will assume a few things.
Assuming the following:

The mount point for the usb drive is /mnt/usbdrive.
The location of your target file is /mnt/usbdrive/myfile.
By alias you mean a soft link. Something you create with ln -s /mnt/usbdrive/myfile ~/myfile.

Then, ls -al ~ will list an entry like
lrwxrwxrwx  1 user     user      33 jun 29  2020 myfile -> /mnt/usbdrive/myfile

This soft link will automatically work only when the usb drive is connected.
Otherwise, the soft link will show up as a broken link.
If your file is an executable file, and instead of item 3 above you use alias myfile=/mnt/usbdrive/myfile, then, again, executing myfile will work (there is no need to add anything to ~/.bashrc) only when the usb drive is connected.
Otherwise you will get an error message.
If you, in addition, add /mnt/usbdrive to your PATH in ~/.bashrc, you don't need the alias to be able to execute myfile regardless of your current directory.
But, still, it will automatically work only when the usb drive is connected.
Otherwise you will get an error message.


random dots that obscure text in gnome shell when nouveau is used

Figured out.
The issue is that I scaled my font using "Gnome Tweak" to 1.17.  Apparently,  the display doesn't like it when I scale my text to 1.17x of normal size.
I adjusted to 1.20 and everything fine now.


The -o flag allows you to specify columns. If you want to see your nice level, this would be in the NI column. So to see all processes with their nice level, do something like:ps ax -o pid,ni,cmdThis will list the process ID, the nice level, and the actual command.

Example:

  $ps ax -o pid,ni,cmd
  PID  NI CMD
    1   0 /sbin/init
    2  -5 [kthreadd]
    3   - [migration/0]
    4  -5 [ksoftirqd/0]
    5   - [watchdog/0]
    6   - [migration/1]
    7  -5 [ksoftirqd/1]
    8   - [watchdog/1]


How to install themes on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Gnome)

Instruction on how you can  install "external themes" in Ubuntu GNOME:

Download the theme and extract it to the /home/$USER/.themes folder.
If you haven't created this folder before, open the Nautilus file manager.
Press Ctrl + H, click File from menu, select New Folder, name it .themes.

Install GNOME Tweak Tool - open a terminal and execute:

sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

Open the tool and change the theme.


Suspending a process and resume after a system shutdown/reboot

does this also work after a full system shutdown/reboot?

No.

  Will the process ID be stored on the machine (and not overwritten by a new process)?

No. PIDs do not persist across reboots.

  Or are there any other alternatives available?

Hibernation, which preserves the entire system state.


Separate multi-channel audio equalization

Looks like this was implemented in PulseEffects as of version 4.4.2. See this GitHub issue for more details.

To install PulseEffects refer to the README for instructions for your OS. Ubuntu specific instructions can be found in their wiki.


How to get Mobile Broadband modem (ZTE K3370-Z) work?

Did you try installing Vodafone Mobile Broadband Manager (Betavine Connection Manager)?


First thing's first.  Open the terminal and enter the following command:

sudo apt-get remove google-earth-stable

Now, that takes care of uninstalling Google Earth.  Next, let's add a Google Earth PPA Repository to your system:

In the terminal, copy and paste these commands:

wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add

sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/earth/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google.list'

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install google-earth-stable

Now you won't have to worry about your Google Earth getting out of date.  Now that you have this repository, updates to Google earth will come alongside your other system updates.

Good luck!


Not able to access all the partition of system's hard disk in Ubuntu

Open disks

Format the required partition by hiting wheel shape in the image


Why does the size of Ubuntu 12.04 ISO increase once fully downloaded?

Probably just a difference in how the size is calculated, you can check the hashes against this page.

Since the md5sum of ubuntu-12.04-desktop-i386.iso is d791352694374f1c478779f7f4447a3f

Running

md5sum ubuntu-12.04-desktop-i386.iso

should return that if it downloaded properly.

If you're on Windows, you can follow these instructions.

Edit:
Being as it's most likely due to a faulty download (probably relativity minor, but likely to cause problems with an install) you could try downloading using the torrent link from the alternative download page.

BitTorrent should make sure that the resulting file downloaded matches the hash due to the nature of how it works.


In relation to the SSD, I also have an Intel 520 Series SSD Drive. Mine is the 120GB one. I ran the test as you mentioned and this is the result:

Although this is a test using 13.04, 2 weeks ago I was using it on 12.04 and it gave almost the same result (About ~40 MB less on the buffered disk reads but still high enough)

The only thing left here would be the motherboard. In my case I have the Intel DZ68DB with the latest firmware update. If I were to help in any way, I would first recommend:

Updating the firmware of the motherboard from here in case you have not done so yet.
Make sure to read How well are SSDs supported?
Be sure to also read How do I optimize the OS for SSDs?


Found the solution here:  Blurry Fonts in XFCE

Needed to set "Sub-pixel order," to "None," in "Settings/Apperance/Fonts/Rendering."


Adding custom applications to GNOME launcher

You can use Main Menu for this. If not, install it first:

sudo apt-get install alacarte

1. Open Main Menu

2. See the example

After that you can call your applications with name: "command_of_application".

Edit: I missed that you had asked for applications in your home directory. If so, command must be the full path of that application.


Why don't I get the Grub bootloader when I boot from my HDD?

You didn't install grub to your external HDD. Connect it to an Ubuntu machine and run:

sudo mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt
sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdb
sudo umount /mnt

This will install grub to /dev/sdb.


"More" menu doesn't appear in Ubuntu One browser interface, then how can I access the dropdown menu?

Thanks searchfgold789! - fixed.

I was using Firefox/23.0.1 (latest) on my Windows laptop.

The menu worked immediately I tried Chrome, and now it works in Firefox when I change one of the Privacy settings from "tell sites I don't want to be tracked" to "don't tell sites my tracking preferences".

Also now I make that privacy change, also the "more" menu for the individual files in Firefox gains an additional line, "publish file" (previously in Firefox it only had the lines "delete" and "download").

So Firefox is clearly at fault (it has several little bugs) but it appears there is something non-uniform in how Ubuntu one handles the line-items, in that some of them work under Firefox in all cases of the tracking setting, others not. Anyway, fixed from my point of view, thanks again.


Install Thunderbird 52.0 manually and correct

You don't need an old Thunderbird version to use Lightning. The extension just got split out and is no longer in the regular add-on store, but instead comes as separate package in the Ubuntu repositories, called xul-ext-lightning.

First, remove that old Thunderbird 52 again. Then (if you previously uninstalled it) reinstall the latest Thunderbird version and also install the lightning extension package from the repositories with:

sudo apt install thunderbird xul-ext-lightning


Make an Amazon EC2 instance ask for sudoing password

EC2 does not have an easy way to provide you with a secure password for the ubuntu user, so the default is to allow passwordless sudo after you connect securely with the ssh private key.

If you add a password to the ubuntu user, you can require it for sudo by editing /etc/sudoers.d/90-cloud-init-users and changing:

ubuntu ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL

to:

ubuntu ALL=(ALL) ALL

This command does that edit for you (assuming an untouched, default sudoers file):

sudo perl -pi -e 's%NOPASSWD:%%' /etc/sudoers.d/90-cloud-init-users

For safety, keep a separate shell logged in as root so that you can fix the file and recover if you edit it incorrectly and break sudo.

Adding a password for sudo increases the overall security of your system.

It is still recommended that you not allow the use of a password for ssh logins.  Keep that limited to ssh private keys.


How do I receive incoming Google Voice calls using Empathy?

I do this somewhat frequently. To set it up, I did the following:

Went into Google Voice settings, phone tab.

Made sure it was checked:

And then I was done! I do recommend that you test your audio in Empathy before doing calls on it all the time, because getting audio to work can sometimes be a little tricky, but I haven't had a problem on 12.04 so far.

happy calling!


I fixed it by adding

<Directory "/home/DOMAIN/public_html/mediawiki/sites/images">
allow from all
Require all granted
</Directory>


No internet connection, ifconfig shows errors

I see no IPv4 address assigned to your eth0 interface - which often is caused by some DHCP malfunction. Try running

sudo dhclient

and see if it fixes the problem. Normal output of ifconfig should look like

eth1  Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:22:15:7c:84:18
      inet addr:10.1.1.4  Bcast:10.1.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
      inet6 addr: fe80::222:15ff:fe7c:8418/64 Scope:Link
      UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
      RX packets:696011 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
      TX packets:524673 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:13
      collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
      RX bytes:861213542 (861.2 MB)  TX bytes:63705140 (63.7 MB)
      Interrupt:46

lo    Link encap:Local Loopback
      inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
      inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
      UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
      RX packets:77511 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
      TX packets:77511 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
      collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
      RX bytes:71573206 (71.5 MB)  TX bytes:71573206 (71.5 MB)


How to easily install any GPG GUI on Ubuntu that actually works?

Besides Seahorse, which is only the key manager, you need a package called seahorse-nautilus to be able to encrypt/decrypt files with Nautilus.

It adds a menu item to the right-click context menu that allows you to encrypt a file directly from the file manager.

Note: This is the package name in Ubuntu 14.04. Other versions may have a different package name.

Additional Note: It may be required to log out of the current session and re-login for everything to work properly after installing the required packages.


It depends on how much Windows needs and we can't answer that here.

Ubuntu / can be as small as 10 Gb. If you add 5 Gb for a /home/ and do not create a different partition and do not use that /home/ but put the directories inside it onto the 2nd hard disk you will have more than enough with 15Gb.

From Ubuntu's view you can do

/dev/sda1 mount as NTFS for C: Size will be size of disk -/- 15 Gb for ...
/dev/sda2 mount as ext4 to / with 15 Gb
/dev/sdb1 mount as NTFS to a directory you name with all of the Gb's that 2nd disk holds and you can mark this in Windows as D:

This also makes it so that you can share personal files between the 2 operating systems.  The remainder in the SSD can be used for Windows but you will have to check how much is needed.

I would go for a 120 Gb SSD though. The relative price seems to be better for this size and that size makes it certain you will have enough space (basically you could give Ubuntu 20 Gb for / with /home/ in it and have roughly 100Gb for Windows (that should be more than enough for all software you install).


Enable Qualcomm Atheros QCA6174 with Ubuntu 12.04 already but have no idea about backports package

The Hardware Enablement Stacks and backports use newer kernels to support devices.  LTS Hardware Enablement is usually preferred as kernel updates are automatic, backports need to be recompiled after a kernel update.

Backports will not break dkms packages like LTS Enablement Stacks can

It seems you are already using the LTS Enablement Stack from Trusty as it originally had the 3.13.0- kernels and your wireless would be supported in Wily's 4.2 kernel series as the modinfo ath10k_pci from 4.2.0-34-generic reveals
alias:          pci:v0000168Cd0000003Esvsdbcsci*
alias:          pci:v0000168Cd0000003Csvsdbcsci*

The first line shows that it supports the 168c:003e device


How to configure a window setup with a script?

Well you can script window actions with a number of tools but the one I keep going back to is xdotool. It is big and it is complicated so you will want to read some of the examples in man xdotool.

If you're running multiple things, I'd consider using getactivewindow together with windowmove and windowsize.

# ... run something ...
xdotool getactivewindow windowmove 0 0 windowsize --usehints %@ 80 24

# ... run something else ...
xdotool getactivewindow windowmove 300 100

Alternatively, it might be time to look at a tiling window manager to see if that can manage the launching and placement for you.


As this image shows, you have 500 GB hard disk and may be there was 3 partitions earlier. But accidentally you may have deleted them and all 500 GB appears as free space(merged). That means its unallocated space and can be used for creating new partitions.


How to open a browser when the TextEdit::onLinkActivated signal is received

You just need to call Qt.openUrlExternally(link) in the onLinkActivated signal handler:

onLinkActivated:  {
    Qt.openUrlExternally(link)
}

It will attempt to open the specified target url in an external application, based on the user's desktop preferences.


Whats the main problem with getting good multiple monitor support in ubuntu?

I never met some issues like this one, I have used many times  multiple monitors(2) to show how Ubuntu(karmic and Lucid) can handel it and all was clean. I didn't need any special configution tools behond "System-->Preferences-->Monitors"  I just pluged and played. May be the trouble are from an old edition of Ubuntu, I just tried with Karmic and Lucid


Upgraded from 16.04 to 17.04, cannot connect to libraries

I feel like I should apologise to everyone. I have come to believe that the issues I encountered were local (mainly the wifi card) and not an issue with 17.04 itself.

How do I know? I only just opened the laptop again and attempted to view websites. It worked. I performed an update and it worked. I used the terminal to ping obscure sites and it worked. The issue somehow resolved itself.

Thank you for everyone who tried to help, I will definitely get my laptop checked.

EDIT: I WAS WRONG!!!!!!!! It now says I have lost the connection again and get the same error. I spoke with a classmate and he says it's because of randomising MAC addresses. The configuration file that we suspect responsible is /etc/networkmanager/networkmanager.conf


How can I get my icons, wallpapers and network-manager back on XUBUNTU 14.04 after accidentally upgrading?

You could try reinstalling the Xubuntu Desktop metapackage and see it replaces the broken/missing files.

  sudo apt-get install --reinstall xubuntu-desktop