Astrill Applet Application Disappears on Minimize

This issue is fixed long time ago by Astrill. Astrill VPN client works great on many Linux platforms, including latest Ubuntu.

You can download latest version of Astrill VPN client from  Astrill download page


Certain computer doesn't boot from external hard drive

There are two relatively easy solutions that are likely to work, although neither is certain to work:

Boot from an emergency Ubuntu disk and run the Boot Repair tool. This tool will re-install GRUB (Ubuntu's boot loader) on the computer. Note that Boot Repair will try to install in the boot mode (BIOS/CSM/legacy or EFI/UEFI) used to boot the emergency disk you used. If you've got another OS with which you're dual-booting, it's imperative that the two boot modes match. See this page of mine for more on this subject. (That page is written with the assumption that there's an existing Windows EFI-mode installation, but of course it could be the other way around.)
Use the USB flash drive or CD-R version of my rEFInd boot manager to boot Ubuntu, then install rEFInd via its PPA or Debian package. This approach should work well if the disk uses the GUID Partition Table (GPT) and has an EFI System Partition (ESP). These conditions should be true if you installed in EFI mode, but may not be true if your original install was in BIOS mode, or if you tried to do an EFI-mode install to a disk that already used the older Master Boot Record (MBR) partitioning system.

If you continue to have problems, please run the Boot Info Script (or post the URL provided by Boot Repair when you run it). This will generate a file called RESULTS.txt. Post that file to a pastebin site and post the URL to your document here. This will give us more details about your configuration.


How to install Ubuntu Server 16.04 from USB (without cdrom)?

I was thinking the same thing. Burn the ISO using RUFUS with a USB stick instead. Make sure you select the proper OS in RUFUS. Curious to see if it works out. Let us know.


Secure boot prevents loading of Windows 8 in Ubuntu 13.04 dual boot

Two separate issues may be at play here.

Your UEFI boot entry for Windows may be incorrectly generated. It is a known issue: update-grub generates only BIOS based menu entries for Windows, even on UEFI systems. There are several ways to fix the problem; follow the quoted thread to see which one you would prefer.
Secure Boot prevents Windows 8 from being loaded from Grub2 on dual-boot systems: Unable to chainload Windows 8 with Secure Boot enabled.
See if turning off the Secure Boot in your BIOS menu fixes the problem for you.


How to install or run Ubuntu on Windows 8 using WUBI?

Wubi is no longer supported. I would very much recomend that you not try that.
A much better way is to install Virtual box (virtual machine software from Oracle which is free). That works really well in Windows. Then you can install Ubuntu on that.

That will give you the added benefit of making snapshots of your Ubuntu environment and roll back to those if you messed things up

Hope that helps


That repository is not updated. You can install Oracle java 8u51 by a script now.

Run in terminal

sudo apt-get install git
git clone https://github.com/hanipouspilot/oracle-java8.git
cd oracle-java8
sudo chmod +x javains
sudo ./javains

I hope they will update the ppa soon, and I will not have to maintain java installation for good.


This is very late, but for anyone else searching for the driver, it is in the package printer-driver-escpr which can be installed via apt-get or any of the graphical package managers (but not the software center).


unable to login in Error: /tmp/mountroot-fail-hooks.d//scripts/init-premount/lvm2: no such file or directory

One alternate solution is to go to recovery console, login to root shell, and resume. You can now login.


Switch between two Language inputs from command-line

Don't worry, there is a quick solution.
Open a new terminal and execute localectl set-locale LOCALEVAR=LOCALE to impose a new locale.
Before executing the command, replace "LOCALE" with the desired locale from the output of localectl list-locales and "LOCALEVAR" with any variable name from the output of locale.

If you want to change the keyboard input locale of the terminal use localectl set-keymap LANGNAME; if you want to change the keyboard input locale of the GUI use localectl set-x11-keymap LANGNAME. Replace "LANGNAME" with the short-name of your language.

Explanation: the console command localectl is used to change the system locale and keyboard layout settings.
The system locale if for the system services and the GUI; the keyboard settings control the keyboard layout used on the console and of the GUI.


There are a few problems:

Any repo can overwrite any package by default. You can pin a repo to only allow certain packages but that doesn't help against this because...
Those packages can write files anywhere. They'd have to not overwrite any existing  files but there are plenty of places you could hide a malicious file, which isn't to mention...
Packages can run anything as root on install and removal.

So yes, if you can't trust the controller of a repository (or trust that they're vetting the code that's going into the repo), you shouldn't be using that repo. A malicious package is game over.


How much do Canonical track Ubuntu One-users behaviour?

We don't generally track user behaviour.

We do have some statistical metrics to understand how people use our software, like how many shares do people create a day, how many public files, how much space do people use on average, etc. This is to help us understand how people use our product and how to improve it.

We don't track individual users at all, we don't track what they do with their computers or even what they do with their files.

Developers also don't have access to production, only a small number of sysadmins deal with production servers and databases.
Keeping people's information safe is key for Ubuntu One to succeed.


How Do I Remove Boot, Home and HP tools From the devices menu?

Those are different partitions on your drives. The BOOT partition likely contains the boot files, the HP_TOOLS likely contains HP QuickWeb (or other tools), and the HOME partition seems to be your main Ubuntu partition.

Note that it is only safe to remove the HP_TOOLS partition, since you need the BOOT partition to boot up your computer. To remove the partition, use GParted Partition Editor.


signon-ui "Enter your credentials" dialog on desktop

After I read that signon-ui is a package related to Online Accounts, I removed all my accounts from Online Accounts. There were only two accounts, and both are Yahoo accounts. After that, those annoying dialogs dissapeared.

I stored those accounts in Online Accounts for Empathy. So I think I can't use Empathy.


You need to install a dm like lightdm or xdm. It should be also part of the xfce4-desktop-meta package.


Plug-in your usb then go into the UEFI and set boot priority to try usb first.
Check your boot priority in UEFI.


Problem cause with libxml2 after upgrade from 12.04 to 14.04

I had the same problem after upgrading debian squeeze to jessie, and then further to unstable. The problem is, that you have an old version of libxml2 library in your local folder /usr/local/lib.

You most likely have the correct version installed by your package manager in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/, however library in local folder has a higher priority and in the end is the one that is loaded.

If all my assumptions are correct, you should be able to resolve by running the following by root:

# mv /usr/local/lib/libxml2* /

Then try to run empathy or other applications that were experiencing problems. If everything works fine, you can delete unused old libraries by running:

# rm -f /libxml2*


A simple VU-meter-like graphical feedback is provided by pavucontrol
or by pavumeter


5.1 Subwoofer and Front center audio swapped (12.04)

Nothing I changed in /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/profile-sets/default.conf (or any single conf file I changed) did anything to show another order in paman or to play sounds on the center and subwoofer properly.

However, I did get the channel map order to show lfe and center the opposite way by specifying a remap and attaching it.

/etc/pulse/default.pa
load-module module-remap-sink sink_name=lfe_center_swap channel_map=front-left,front-right,rear-left,rear-right,lfe,front-center

/etc/pulse/daemon.conf
default-sample-channels = 6

/etc/pulse/client.conf
default-sink = lfe_center_swap

That didn't fix the reversed sub/center problem either though.   The paman volume control display shows the same thing and the sounds are the same even with the order reversed.  4 (center) shows something is playing but both the subwoofer and center speaker are silent.  5 (lfe) shows something is playing, which the center channel plays.   So it's still backwards.   That's when playing a file (such as Nums_5dot1_24_48000 from here) or when using speaker-test -c6 or by switching mixers or players.

This is an Asus P5LD2-VM DH motherboard using the ALC882 with the outputs Gray Black Orange Pink Green Blue (side, rear, sub/center, mic, front, line-in),   It goes to a 5.1 speaker system with black-rear orange-sub/center green-front.   (In the Offspring of Gates the sub/center sounds are also backwards -- but the Windows Realtek program has a check box to swap the output, and when that's checked, the output is proper.)

Perhaps somebody has a way to do the same thing in Ubuntu 12.04.  But for now the answer is it doesn't work, at least not on my setup, even with the order changed in the channel map.


The same question was asked at LinuxQuestions.org: http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-general-1/command-to-check-process-taking-high-cached-memory-927756/

The important part of the answer is:

  Cache isn't associated with a process per se, it is related to I/O on your system.

  Linux tries to cache as much I/O data as it can. If that data needs to
  be read in the future, it is already in storage. Cache is a mechanism
  to avoid doing real I/O operations as real I/O to a disk is very slow
  compared to just retrieving it from memory. So a high cache number is
  generally good and nothing to be concerned with.

So, no you can't know which programs or processes are in cache, becasue there are no such items there.

What you can find there is cached I/O, and as @bseiblod mentioned in his comment, you can find a solution to that here: How can you tell whether a file is being cached in memory in linux?


Generally it's discouraged to manually uninstall software like Apache that's installed using the package manager. The best thing to do would be to uninstall and purge apache2, then reinstall it if needed. Make sure you backup any config files before doing this.
sudo apt-get remove apache2
sudo apt-get purge apache2

Then it can be installed once again.


Can I load this ubuntu on a mac ppc laptop running osx 10.5.8 and if not is there a version that I can?

Yes, there is a version of Ubuntu for PPC Macs. Get it here:

Torrent: http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/12.04/release/ubuntu-12.04-desktop-powerpc.iso.torrent

Direct download: http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/12.04/release/ubuntu-12.04-desktop-powerpc.iso


How to adjust the font size in Ubuntu Software Center?

A simple solution would be Gnome-Tweak-Tool, also known in the software center as "Advanced Settings". Now you may use this to change the font size affecting the software center, however unfortunately all other applications as well. A recommended way to preform the font change would be to open the settings, change the font size, and then when done with the software center, return it to it's original form, or however you prefer it. If you can't get the application from the software center, due to the small size of the font just paste the following into your terminal -

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool

Here is what Advanced Settings should appear as, simply click the font size next to the default font to make changes.

Well, you don't really want to mess with the other settings I'm assuming, (Graphics Drivers, or Screen Resolution) But, just to voice other solutions, you could start by seeing if this is the graphics driver, I personally use the open source one because I have no other choice than binary blobs, or the screen resolution could be toned down to make the text appear larger... I hope any of this can help!


Flash Player Plugin on Firefox will not update on Ubuntu 11.10 32 bit

Try this.

sudo apt-get purge flashplugin-installer
sudo apt-get install adobe-flashplugin

Then, open up a YouTube video, right-click on the video itself and click on Settings.

Uncheck the "Enable hardware acceleration" checkbox in the Display tab.

Your Flash video should now work.


Is the meta-release upgrade (do-release-upgrade) secure?

do-release-upgrade requires admin rights, and if you are on a LTS release, will stay on that and not automatically bump you up a version. If you use non-official sources it brings up a bunch of warning messages.

However, GUI variants on this are, to the end user, no different to UAC on Windows, where anyone not technically minded enough will just click the button or type in the password, ignore warnings and go off to make a cup of tea. So in practice, it's no more or less secure than Windows Update.

In short - I wouldn't trust the upgrade to be secure. In fact, if you are on a LTS and using Ubuntu for mission critical stuff, I'd avoid upgrading a major version until your release is no longer supported - upgrading does break stuff in subtle ways which takes time for you to fix.


Has any one managed to use Sound BlasterX AE-5 on ubuntu?

There is a solution listed here:

https://www.reddit.com/r/SoundBlasterOfficial/comments/9mm5ad/sound_blaster_r3dr3dizzxrae5_linux_driver/e9qn7qa

It's not complicated and I can say that worked in my case on OpenSuse. Now I managed to have sound from AE-5 on linux, including sound effects. I mention that the soundcard not worked without pulseaudio.


ldconfig shows many libraries are truncated

I ran across the same error on a fresh raspbian installation for my raspberry pi.

For me reinstalling all broken libraries worked, e.g.:

apt install libffi6 --reinstall


If you are running xfce, there is an entry in the FAQ:

"My desktop is so nice, I want to make a screenshot! How can I do that in Xfce?"

The answer mention xfce4-screenshooter http://goodies.xfce.org/projects/applications/xfce4-screenshooter (it can capture an active window too)


Allow loop mounting files inside LXC containers?

The issue you were running into is with apparmor.  'dmesg' would probably have shown you something like:

[ 4822.366235] type=1400 audit(1384973058.254:52): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mount"
info="failed type match" error=-13 parent=1272 profile="lxc-container-default"
name="/mnt/" pid=1273 comm="mount" fstype="ext4" srcname="/dev/loop0/" flags="ro"

You can allow your lxc container to do mounts of ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystems in one of 2 ways.  The simplist is to just add the following to the lxc config (/var/lib/lxc/$NAME/config):

lxc.aa_profile = unconfined
lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = b 7:* rwm
lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 10:237 rwm

A much more restrictive solution that still grants the necessary permissions is to do the following:

$ sudo tee /etc/apparmor.d/lxc/lxc-custom-mounts <<EOF
# copied and modified from /etc/apparmor.d/lxc/lxc-default
profile lxc-container-extx-mounts flags=(attach_disconnected,mediate_deleted) {
  #include <abstractions/lxc/container-base>
  mount fstype=ext4 -> /**,
  mount fstype=ext3 -> /**,
  mount fstype=ext2 -> /**,
}
EOF

# reload the lxc-containers profile
$ sudo apparmor_parser --replace /etc/apparmor.d/lxc-containers

$ sudo lxc-create -t ubuntu-cloud -n source-saucy-amd64 -- --release=saucy --arch=amd64

$ name="test1"
$ cfg=/var/lib/lxc/$name/config;
$ sudo lxc-clone -o source-saucy-amd64 -n "$name"

## modify the config to use the profile created above
$ sudo grep "#allow-loop" "$cfg" || sudo tee -a "$cfg" <<EOF
#allow-loop
lxc.aa_profile = lxc-container-extx-mounts
lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = b 7:* rwm
lxc.cgroup.devices.allow = c 10:237 rwm
EOF

You can then verify it works in the container with something as easy as:

$ truncate --size 100M my.img
$ mkfs.ext4 -F my.img
$ sudo mount -o loop,ro my.img /mnt
$ ls /mnt
lost+found
$ sudo umount /mnt

I've just opened bug 1257389 to address this. Hopefully sometime soon maas-import-ephemerals will work inside a container.


Wacom Bamboo Pen & Touch CTH-470 3+ finger gestures

According to an older post on the forum[1], it's better to use Ubuntu's native touch support and I will condense the information that fixed this issue:

Update or make sure you're using version 0.20.0 or above for xf86-input-wacom driver package:

xsetwacom -V

Install touchegg package:

sudo apt-get install touchegg

Turn OFF wacom's own touch guesture support so ubuntu's touchegg can take guesture control:

xsetwacom set "Wacom Bamboo 16FG 4x5 Finger touch" Gesture off

You may need to replace the name above in quotes with the name of your finger pen device name which you can find doing xsetwacom --list devices

Use the touchegg configuration tool or edit the touchegg configuration file to adjust timeouts as needed.

You should now have working multi-touch support.

[1] http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-2125990.html


SEE CAUTION FIRST

Obtain access to a computer with a working internet connection (although you've already compeleted this step), download this driver from Ubuntu package archive onto a flash drive, copy to your laptop, and install manually (you may find your architecture by running uname -m):

http://packages.ubuntu.com/yakkety/bcmwl-kernel-source

with sudo dpkg -i <downloaded_package> after copying it to your HP stream. Reboot. Remember to run it from the directory you copied it to, use cd. To learn cd syntax run man cd (type q to exit).

According to the discussion on this page, I think you need the sta driver: Drivers for Broadcom BCM43142 on Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty Tahr).

CAUTION:

As per chili555's suggestion, the package dkms is a dependency and needs to be installed first. Download it from the following link and install with the same steps above (there is no need to reboot after installing dkms):

http://packages.ubuntu.com/yakkety/all/dkms/download

EDIT

There is a potential bug which prevents Linux kernel 4.4.0-21 and derivative systems (e.g. ubuntu 16.04  as of 2/1/17) from picking up the wifi card even after the correct drivers have been installed. See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/bcmwl/+bug/1572659

The current known method to resolve this issue is to disable secure boot on your computer. And if restarting after disabling secure boot doesn't work try the following.

After restarting, turn wifi off, then run sudo dpkg-reconfigure bcmwl-kernel-source. Turn wifi on.


Followning this source.

sudo update-alternatives --config java for switch version Javas.
After switch you should update your JAVA_HOME.
sudo nano /etc/environment
Add your last line or edit JAVA_HOME="YOUR_PATH". With YOUR_PATH      you can see from sudo update-alternatives --config java
After update JAVA_HOME , run source /etc/environment to finish update.

Anyway this question should mark a duplicate.


Audio and Lock-Screen hotkeys broken on Zesty

Everything resolved itself after a couple of updates.  If this was a regression it's been fixed.


Maybe you should install the following software first.

sudo apt-get install apache2
sudo apt-get install mysql-server
sudo apt-get install mysql-client
sudo apt-get install php5
sudo apt-get install php5-gd
sudo apt-get install php5-mysql
sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin

and then, you should configure you server.
1, Test apache, open you browser, and enter 127.0.0.1, if "It Works!" appears, okay.
2, Test php, create a file under /var/www, and name is "index.php", the content is:

<!--?php phpinfo(); ?-->

save and open the url "127.0.0.1/index.php", the php info should appear, if not, make sure you have proper permission.

3, Configure and test you phpmyadmin.
first, run as root,

sudo -i               #run as root
cd /etc/apache2/conf.d

and then create a file named "phpmyadmin-web.conf" or other you like, and the content of the file is:

Alias /phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpmyadmin
<directory usr="" share="" phpmyadmin="">
   AllowOverride All
</directory>

finally, you also should make a symbol link:

sudo ln -s /var/www/phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpmyadmin

then restart you apache server

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Now, you can use your ubuntu as a lamp server.


Fix boot issue's in Ubuntu :

First boot into repair mode by pressing "e" while booting.
Then choose "Fix broken packages"
After that choose "Update GRUB bootloader"
Drop to ROOT shell.
replace /dev/sdX with your Ubuntu partition
grub-install /dev/sdX
grub-install --recheck /dev/sdX
update-grub
reboot

If this won't fix your boot issue use one of the following fixes.

With Boot-Repair:
Login to Ubuntu with a live USB.
In terminal use the following commands to install boot-repair :
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair

boot-repair

Click on Recommended repair to fix your boot.

From the terminal :
sudo fdisk -l
sudo blkid

Run the following commands to mount the Ubuntu partition at  /mnt/ubuntu, replacing /dev/sdX with the device name of your Ubuntu partition from the above commands:
sudo mkdir /mnt/ubuntu

sudo mount /dev/sdX /mnt/ubuntu

Run the following command to reinstall grub from the live CD, replacing /dev/sdX with the device name of the hard disk above:
sudo grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/ubuntu/boot /dev/sdX

Update grub :
sudo update-grub

Reboot :
sudo reboot

This will fix your boot issue.


Can I SSH into a computer using Landscape?

No, but you can use landscape to run commands on the box. You could (for example) run whatever you wanted to run via ssh, but as a script.

Another option would be to setup a reverse SSH tunnel via that script system.

So you could create a script to run on the landscape managed host which ssh'ed back to your home machine or some other publicly accessible IP:-

ssh -R2222:localhost:22 username@homeserver.example.com

You'd need an ssh key to already be generated without a pass-phrase on the remote machine and place the public part on 'homeserver' in ~/.ssh/authorized_keys as a pre-requisite to doing this.

Once that ssh tunnel is setup, you should be able to (on homeserver.example.com):-

ssh -P 2222 username@localhost

This will redirect ssh (on port 2222) from homeserver.example.com to port 22 on the remote host.


Changing drives in near future, for an ssd in a server

Boot with an install drive then in then Terminal use.
sudo dd if=/dev/sd? of=/dev/sd*

Replacing the ? with the drive letter of the already installed disk, the * with the new SSD. This will exactly copy everything including the partition table to the new drive. The new drive needing to be at least the same size as the drive it replaces or it will fail. If larger size you would need to resize the partition(s) to regain the lost space.
Alternatively you can partition the new drive then use the rsync program to copy just the information on the drive not all the blank space like the dd method does. Once you have it partitioned like it needs to be.
sudo mkdir /tmp/old
sudo mkdir /tmp/new
sudo mount /dev/sd?1 /tmp/old
sudo mount /dev/sd*1 /tmp/new
sudo rsync -avP /tmp/old/* /tmp/new/

That for a one partition setup with the first (1) partition containing the / partition. You would replace the ? with the drive letter of the old install, the * with the new drive letter. Once done you would need to remove the old drive install the new and boot with the install usb drive to run the boot-repair to re-install GRUB.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair


How do I install wireless drivers in a virtual machine running Ubuntu?

Normally you wont use WiFi from the virtual machine / guest OS. Instead set up NAT or Bridge network to the host OS and let that handle WiFi.


How can I enable HDMI Sound on a AMD/ATI HD9550

Try going into the Sound Preferences (click the volume applet and select Sound Settings. Make sure that in the Hardware tab, HDMI is selected as the profile. Also make sure HDMI is selected under the output tab.

Otherwise you may need to install the fglrx driver


The Unity launcher won't respond to mouse

You should tweak the available options at System Settings > Appearance > Behavior (tab)

Some very useful options regarding the Launcher are located there, including sensitivity. Good luck.


Dockerfile ubuntu and docker builds and commands

One possible way would be to put an echo statement under RUN command in your dockerfile.
With this, you can echo the data into that file. The following is the sample from what i've been using in my projects.

RUN \
    echo $'\n\
        Hello World.\n\
        I am inserted in this file during docker image creationg.\n\
        The back-slash-n charachters give me a new line in created file.\n\
    ' > /path/to/newfile.php

PS: Consider upvoting and accepting this as an answer if it helped you. This will help others to follow, as well as encourage one answering.


Remove r8168-dkms that is incompatible with this kernel

sudo apt purge r8168-dkms

And you need to install

http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.13-rc6/linux-headers-4.13.0-041300rc6_4.13.0-041300rc6.201708201831_all.deb

http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.13-rc6/linux-headers-4.13.0-041300rc6-generic_4.13.0-041300rc6.201708201831_amd64.deb

http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.13-rc6/linux-image-4.13.0-041300rc6-generic_4.13.0-041300rc6.201708201831_amd64.deb


If you have installed tigervnc before tightvnc, it has replaced some files inside /etc/X11/. /etc/X11/Xvnc-session in particular, which will now call vncconfig, that in turn writes this message. vncconfig is not part of tightvnc, so it will silently die.
To fix this you will have to replace the contents of /etc/X11/Xvnc-session with the contents of ~/.vnc/xstartup or with a call to ~/.vnc/xstartup.


Start Software sources. (You can access it from Software Center's Edit menu.)

Uncheck the CDRom option on the Ubuntu software tab.


If you really want to edit one of the existing entries, you can follow this askubuntu question for help. It also explains how to add a new entry.

However, I would recommend figuring out why your grub config was recreated without the lubuntu entry. Use sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg.new to find out what entries are currently detected. The file /boot/grub/grub.cfg.new will then contain the configuration as detected. If you are happy with the configuration, move it to /boot/grub/grub.cfg for the changes to take effect.

Ubuntu provides the command sudo update-grub if you simply want to regenerate your grub configuration.

If you are currently unable to boot into lubuntu or another linux, follow this askubuntu answer to repair grub entirely, including rewriting the MBR.


How can Gedit detect and highlight languages that aren't installed?

TL;DR: Different functionality related to the same language is provided by different programs and libraries, which can usually be separately installed. Applying syntax highlighting, compiling source code into executable code, and running executable code all require different software. None of the programs or libraries involved in doing these things are actually the language itself.
A programming language, like any kind of language, is an abstract idea. It is conceptually distinct from whatever software facilitates developing actual programs in it, and also from whatever software is needed to support such programs and allow them to run. A language cannot really be installed on your computer. It is somewhat common to write and speak in a manner that does not distinguish between a language and its implementations. This habit is hard to avoid. But it can lead to confusion, which has happened here.
As Puspam and N0rbert have mentioned, it is generally possible to have a tool installed that parses the syntax of a language and applies highlighting, without also having other development tools for the language installed. You can even make up your own language that has no implementation (yet), whose programs can never (yet) actually be run, and write syntax highlighting rules for it so that a text editor like Gedit highlights it correctly. Syntax highlighting doesn't require that you have other development tools for a language; it doesn't even require that such tools exist.
Some languages, such as Perl and C++, have extremely complex syntax, where which part of the syntactic grammar corresponds to particular parts of your source code actually depends on the meaning of something that came long before. For such languages, to apply 100% correct syntax highlighting every time reduces to a substantial fragment of the entire task of implementing the language. For these languages, syntax highlighting is usually implemented in an approximate manner, applying the grammar correctly in most practical cases.
Guessing what language you are writing something in is likewise a matter of approximation. It is not in general possible to tell for sure. The usual reason given for this, which is true, is that it's possible to write a program that is simultaneously in multiple languages (possibly with a different meanings in each). A more important reason is that, during the course of being written, your code is probably wrong, including in ways that make it not technically in the language you're writing it in. For example, imagine typing out a simple C program. If you were interrupted at a random point while doing so, would what you have so far really be a valid C program?
Nonetheless, tools can often make good guesses about what language you're using. Also, if you name your file with a suffix that is commonly used for source code files in some particular language, editors will typically use that first to decide how to highlight it.
What people mean when they say an interpreted language is "installed"
That article you were reading includes statements like:

Perl is already installed on your Ubuntu system by default.

Out of the box Ubuntu comes with Python and many extension modules.

Ruby is also installed by default on your system.

What this actually means is that Ubuntu comes with implementations of these languages. Sometimes people refer to an implementation of a language by the same name as the language itself.
Those three languages are most often interpreted, though a form of compilation (compiling to a special bytecode, which conceptually is the machine language of a made-up type of computer, an abstract machine, in terms of which the language is defined) may be involved as part of the interpretation process.
Whether a language is interpreted or compiled is really an implementation strategy rather than a property of the language, and some languages have separate interpreted and compiled implementations. But languages are most often designed with one or the other strategy in view, so the phrases "interpreted language" and "compiled language" are popular, and I will use those phrases here.
The implementation of an interpreted language consists of:

an interpreter
usually, a support library (often called the "standard library"), which nearly always comes with the interpreter and is sometimes even regarded as part of the interpreter.

To run your program, the user must usually have:

your program's source code (though it may be minified or obfuscated and occasionally it can be run with only bytecode)
whatever additional libraries your program depends on, if any.

It is possible to develop software in such a language using only the tools needed to run a program. This is unlike compiled languages (see below). But you may want to have additional tools that know something about the language, such as a text editor that knows how to highlight its syntax.
Interpreters in Ubuntu
Perl has only one implementation (though there are many different versions of it). The perl command runs the interpreter. In the Perl community, the implementation is most often spelled "perl" (no capital letter) and the language is most often spelled "Perl". That distinguishes the language from its implementation, but this orthographic convention is not universal.
Python has multiple implementations. Ubuntu comes with CPython, which (among other components) provides the python3 command, or especially in older Ubuntu releases, the python2 command. CPython is the official reference implementation of Python and also the most popular implementation. Even on the official Python website, some of the claims made about "Python" are about the language, while others are about the official implementation. Other implementations include PyPy, Jython, and IronPython.
Ruby likewise has multiple implementations. Ubuntu comes with Ruby MRI ("Matz's Ruby Interpreter"), which (among other components) provides the ruby command. MRI is the official reference implementation of Ruby and also the most popular implementation. There are fewer widely used implementations of Ruby than widely used implementations of Python, but one major Ruby implementation other than Ruby MRI is JRuby.
What people mean when they say a compiled language is "installed"
People should not say this, because it is always (rather than merely sometimes) ambiguous. That article you're reading (happily) does not talk about compilers in this way. However, people often do, and the conceptual issues contain the answer to your question, so this is worth examining.
The implementation of a compiled language consists of:

a compiler,
sometimes other tools used together with the compiler, like a linker,
usually, a support library (often called the "standard library").

In some languages, the support library can sometimes be linked statically into your program so that it is not separately required to run your program. This is a very common approach in a few languages, like Go, but is less often done in most others, such as C, C++, and Objective C.
To run your program, a user must have:

the executable file generated by building the program (by running the compiler and associated tools),
the language's support library, unless it is statically linked into your executable, or unless (and this is rare) your program does not use any features of the support library and was built in a way that avoids linking to it,
whatever additional libraries your program depends on, if any, unless they are statically linked into your executable.

To build your program, one must have:

the program's source code,
a compiler and other build tools, such as a linker,
the language's support library, unless (and this is rare) your program does not use any features of it and is built in a way that avoids linking to it,
whatever additional libraries your program depends on, if any
in some languages, files that describe the interface of the libraries. In C, C++, and Objective C, these are header files. (You also probably have header files as part of your program, to help you write code that calls functions from one translation unit in another, but these are considered part of your program's source code.)

When people talk about having a language like C++ installed, they usually mean that some implementation of a compiler and other necessary tools to build C++ programs is installed. But the user doesn't need that to run you program. Ubuntu comes with C and C++ programs, but (depending on how you install Ubuntu) it may not come with C and C++ development tools, which aren't needed to run the programs. Ubuntu also comes with Perl and Python programs (and possibly Ruby programs), which do need interpreters to run.
Compilers in Ubuntu - the case of C and C++
This answer will already be very long, so I'll just describe the situation with C and C++, which are extremely important compiled languages. This is in spite of Ubuntu shipping with programs written in some other compiled languages including Go.
C and C++ are separate languages. Both are internationally standardized. Their support libraries--standard libraries in the strongest sense of the phrase--are likewise standardized, in the same documents that standardize the languages. No implementation of C or C++ is blessed as a reference implementation; these languages have multiple implementations on equal footing. Outside niche situations a handful are far more popular than the others. (None of this is actually because they are compiled languages--for example, Go has a reference implementation and is not standardized.)
It is possible to implement either of C or C++ without implementing the other, but the most popular compilers provide both (and providing C++ without C is uncommon).
The most popular C and C++ compilers are are GCC (gcc, g++), Clang (clang, clang++), and MSVC++ (cl.exe). GCC and Clang are readily available or Ubuntu.
The most popular C standard library implementation on a GNU/Linux system like Ubuntu is GNU libc. It is also probably the most popular implementation in the world. It's associated with GCC, but other compilers, like Clang, target it with no trouble. (In Windows, a different implementation (MSVCRT) is more commonly used.) In Ubuntu and most other GNU/Linux systems, GNU libc is always installed, and provided by the file libc.so.6. Nearly all programs, whether written in C or not, use it, either directly or indirectly. It is considered an essential part of the operating system. But it is possible to write a program that does not use it, and at least one other C standard library implementation, musl, is readily available for Ubuntu.
The most popular C++ standard library implementation on a GNU/Linux system like Ubuntu is libstdc++. It is associated with GCC, but some other compilers can target it. You can also install libc++, which is associated with Clang (they're both part of the LLVM project), but Clang can also target libstdc++ with no trouble (which is what you get by default in Ubuntu). The other major implementation of the C++ standard library is the MS STL, which has recently been released as free open-source software but is not available for Ubuntu.
Ubuntu Packages
Programs, libraries, and header files for libraries are most often provided in different packages, which facilitates having some installed but not others--such as having a library installed to run programs that need it, without having the header files installed that would be needed to develop programs using the library.
Packages that provide libraries are usually named starting with lib. Packages that provide header files are usually named ending with -dev. See How can different packages have identical source code? for details about that.
build-essential installs GCC and also support libraries for C and C++, header files for those support libraries, and various other useful tools. If you're developing C, C++, or Objective C programs, even with another compiler, you'll want to install that metapackage. If for some reason you wanted to install GCC by itself, there's the gcc package, but that doesn't install all the compilers. (GCC is the "GNU Compiler Collection.) For C++ you would also install g++. But I recommend just installing build-essential.
clang installs Clang, including the C++ compiler.
GNU libc is provided by the libc6 package. You already have that. If you don't, your Ubuntu system is severely broken and hardly anything on it will run. Its header files are provided by the libc6-dev package, which you may or may not have but which build-essential will install.
libstdc++ is usually, depending on the version, provided by the libstdc++6 package. (This doesn't mean you're using version 6. The naming is for historical and compatibility reasons.) Its header files are provided by a similarly named -dev package, not necessarily with a 6 in the name. On most current Ubuntu systems, this is libstdc++-9-dev. Installing build-essential, or g++, brings in the necessary header files if you don't have them.
libc++ is currently provided by packages named like libc++1-10 and libc++abi1-10, and its header files are provided by libc++-10-dev, with the actual version number in place of 10 (if different). As with libstdc++, typically you should not directly install any of these packages to get what you need to build programs targeting libc++. Instead, install libc++-dev. This gives you libc++-10-dev or whatever other version of the header-files package is the default for you system, which in turn depends on the packages providing the actual library binaries, ensuring you get those too.


The installed driver - 304 - is a legacy driver that doesn't correctly support the GTX550ti.

According to Nvidia it should be 390, a long term support driver branch.

Before installing a new version it's a good practice to purge the previous attempt:

sudo apt purge nvidia*


Can I move a specific group of folders in one directory to a whole different directory, while being in a parent directory several levels up

You can shorten it a bit but the target needs to exist:
$ mkdir -p yicky/other-stuff; mv -t $_ sicky/infinity/{[mf]oo,tmp}


Screen tearing on youtube videos UBUNTU 20.4

I had the same problem with firefox and I solved it by changing layers.acceleration.force-enabled to true. here is how:
type about:config in the address bar, hit enter, click on Accept the Risk and Continue, find layers.acceleration.force-enabled and change it's value to true then restart firefox.
You can test if you're still having the tearing problem by watching this video on 1080p and 60fps: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RvIbVmCOxg


How to return to a previous bullet point type after pressing tab to nest bullet points

In the same way you made the sub list except with shift-tab instead of tab. So hit enter to get a new point and shift-tab to move it one level up.


Is there a way to add close buttons to the scale mode?

Even better (AFAIC), you can set a keybinding or mouse binding (eg wheel click or right click) to close windows.

Check the Scale Addons in Utility, not Window Management, and set up what you want in the Bindings tab.


Can't delete very large (1.2TB) files from Trash-computer freezes

I would have a look on the SMART status of the disk, to make sure this is not the problem.

If that is fine, you can try and give the process lower IO, in order for it to not freeze the system

sudo ionice -c3 rm -rf ~/.local/share/Trash/*

EDIT:

I don't understand why this is downvoted here ? I checked and it is an acceptable answer on serverfault


I had the same problem, with garbled fonts, and I had to change the font setting.  To change you font settings, click on the Firefox button, and choose Preferences --> Preferences

Once you click on Preferences, you will see

There you can change your font setting.  In my case I choose Times New Roman, and that fixed my issue.  Then click on Advanced tab to further choose your font settings, and character encoding

Hope that this will help you fix your issue.  If more help is needed don`t hesitate to ask.


Ubuntu 18.04 fresh install on Acer: Sound output "Dummy Output", no input

There seems to be a problem with 5.3.0-42-generic uname -r. I set my kernel to 5.3.0-28-generic (Set "older" kernel as default grub entry) and now sound works just fine.

PS:
Ok, I'm pretty sure that someone suggested to change the linux kernel here, but now this answer has disappeared and I have to answer it myself. Thank you mysterious stranger ;)


Are there any simple app to sync a folder with google drive?

Try rclone

sudo apt install rclone

to configure:

rclone config

Rclone is a command line program to sync files and directories to and from many platforms including Google Drive. See the official site for a full list.

Features

MD5/SHA1 hashes checked at all times for file integrity
Timestamps preserved on files
Partial syncs supported on a whole file basis
Copy mode to just copy new/changed files
Sync (one way) mode to make a directory identical
Check mode to check for file hash equality
Can sync to and from network, eg two different cloud accounts
Optional encryption (Crypt)
Optional cache (Cache)
Optional FUSE mount (rclone mount)


Nothing seems to be syncing with Ubuntu One

Ubuntu One does not sync symlinks at all. The way to sync arbitrary folders is by going to the folder in nautilus and selecting Synchronize this folder from either the ribbon if it's visible,

or from the File › Ubuntu One menu if it's not,

or from the Ubuntu One submenu of the right-click menu in the parent directory,

or, from the command line, using u1sdtool --create-folder /path/to/folder.


Apache reads from sites-available instead of sites-enabled - How to correct this?

As per Videonauth's suggestion I have checked the /etc/apache2/apache.conf and seen that this line was uncommented:

 IncludeOptional /etc/apache2/sites-available/*.conf

After commenting it, everything works fine again.


How to determine the partition on which Ubuntu is installed and resize it?

Wubi does not install Ubuntu into a real partition but instead resides in some files on your NTFS partition. I can't really say how you can find out where your files are located but you might be interested in Wubi: How do I resize the virtual disks?.


How to install local applications in ltsp thin clients?

You need to chroot into your thin client environment and install the app, then update your client image. Add an entry to your lts.conf and finally give the command to run the application as a local app from the thin client.

Detailed information on how to perform this can be found here:
How to run applications as local app


Install and Run PHP in Ubuntu 9.04 Desktop edition in Live mode

typing

sudo apt-get install php5 php5-cli

should do it.

Have you considered virtualizing your ubuntu installation, so you dont have to install it again in case of testing it again ?


Trying to install ubuntu with built in partitioner

Boot back into Windows and use the Disk Management tool (search for "partition" in the start menu) to "shrink" one of the discs.  That will create the free space that you can use to install Ubuntu. I always use the Windows tools to resize discs on a windows machine.  It helps reduce the possibility of data loss.

howtogeek.com has a nice tutorial on how to use the Disk Management tool.


cannot boot to Windows 7 after installing Ubuntu 12.10 and run boot-repair

Just set up your BIOS so that it boots your Ubuntu disc (ATA MAXTOR 160GB) instead of your Windows disc (ATA ST31000528AS 1TB).


XML Copy editor (like most of the similar programs) try to read in the XML in 1 go. Depending on the formatting of the XML this might take some time. What you are looking for is byte-stream editor (these load only part of the file before showing you it).

If it is just browsing a file the command line less might be interesting.

  Less is a program similar to more, but which allows backward  movement in the file as well as forward movement. Also, less does not have to read the entire input file before  starting,  so  with  large  input files  it  starts  up  faster than text editors.

And there is also good old reliable sed

  Sed is a stream editor. A stream editor is used to perform basic text transformations on an input stream (a file or input from  a  pipeline). While  in  some  ways similar to an editor which permits scripted edits (such as ed), sed works by making only one pass over the input(s),  and is consequently more efficient.  But it is sed's ability to filter text in a pipeline which particularly distinguishes it from other  types  of editors.


How to contact an Ubuntuforum administrator?

This edit from a Forum Council member.

In order the preferred methods for contacting the Forum Council are

Via the Resolution Centre where possible
Via the Forum council mailing list
ubuntu-forums-council@lists.ubuntu.com
Via the #ubuntuforums channel on Freenode (if we are about)
Via an Admin's launchpad page

You can find all Ubuntu Forums administrators in Launchpad. The page is here

You can contact them via Launchpad directly, click the username and "contact this user", but this requires a login in Launchpad.
Additionally, as most of them are Ubuntu Members (I think this is a prerequisite) you can contact them by e-mail through the Ubuntu Members alias. The e-mail always is the username in launchpad (what is appears in browser's address bar) and @ubuntu.com (this is not a secret). This e-mail address is a forwarding alias to another address that the member opted when became Ubuntu Member.

Last but not least, the IRC is a great place on getting touch with lot of people. Connect in Freenode Server, the channel is #ubuntuforums .  Drop your request there and hopefully someone who is an administrator will answer to you.

All above are not Official contact ways, are just my solution to your query. I mean if you use something of above and you'll not receive any answer, this is not a fault of UF administrators, or Canonical.


Kate in Kubuntu 16.04 prompts every time there is a change in file

Go to Settings -> Configure Kate, In Application -> General Tab, untick the option that says, Warn about file modifications by foreign process and hit Apply button. Now, Kate won't complain about file modification.

Here is a screenshot of the Settings page


Open the first (or any) file from command line

This should work:

vi `ls | head -1`

Opens vi with the first file (or folder) in the current working directory as parameter.


Can't take screenshot when right clicking file

It is absolutely normal.

In such case I use delayed screenshot as follows:

mate-screenshot -d 3

above -d is for

  -d, --delay=seconds            Take screenshot after specified delay [in seconds]

and 3 is 3 seconds delay. You can use this delay for doing right click.


How to run the new huion tablets on linux?

I recently bought Huion 950P (I use it for taking hand-written notes with xournal and now with xournal++). I presently use Kubuntu 20.04.
The stylo was recognized out of the box (apparently, as a kind of mouse with buttons). The buttons on the pad, of course, weren't.
Using digimend-kernel-drivers did not really help me. First, there are installation issues on 20.04. Second, after I overcame them (I can provide details if anyone is interested), wacom driver partially recognized the tablet. I was still unable to do anything with the buttons but my writing started looking weird - letters would come out much wider than before. So I had to get rid of digimend.
At the end, the following worked. I simply created a file in /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/ named 99-huion950P.conf :
Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "Huion tablets with Wacom driver"
    MatchUSBID "256c:006d*"
    MatchIsTablet "true"
    MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
    Driver "wacom"
EndSection

(My H950P has product number 006d). After restarting X server, wacom recognized both the stylus and the pad; xsetwacom --list produced the following output:
HID 256c:006d Pen stylus                id: 11  type: STYLUS
HID 256c:006d Pad pad                   id: 12  type: PAD

Now it is possible to use xsetwacom to configure buttons. The tricky part was to figure out button numbers. For some reason completely unclear to me buttons turned out to have numbers 1,2,3 and 8,9,10,12. For example, this command sets up the lowest button (assuming that they are on the left) to switch xournal++ into line drawing mode:
xsetwacom --set "HID 256c:006d Pad pad" Button 12 "key +ctrl +6 -6 -ctrl"

The only thing I haven't figured out yet (mostly out of sheer laziness) is how to make button configuration upload automatically. For the time being I just wrote a simple shell script which I invoke every time the tablet is  reconnected.


You can do this with perl:

perl -lpe 's/(?<!\d)1(?!\d)/one/g' test.txt

Explanation:

perl scripting language that excels at text processing
-l deal sensibly with line endings
p automatically print each line
e execute the following command
' start of instructions
s/ substitute
(?<!\d) negative lookbehind: the match must not follow a digit
1 literal 1
(?<!\d) negative lookahead: the match must not be followed by a digit
/one substitute with literal one
/g substitute all matches
' end of instructions

Test:

perl -lpe 's/(?<!\d)1(?!\d)/one/g' test.txt > test1.txt
head test*.txt
==> test.txt <==
1
11
111
a1
1a
1a1

==> test1.txt <==
one
11
111
aone
onea
oneaone

Update: To automatically change 1-9 with one-nine you can

write out all substitutions

perl -lpe 's/(?<!\d)1(?!\d)/one/g;s/(?<!\d)2(?!\d)/two/g;s/(?<!\d)3(?!\d)/three/g;s/(?<!\d)4(?!\d)/four/g;s/(?<!\d)5(?!\d)/five/g;s/(?<!\d)6(?!\d)/six/g;s/(?<!\d)7(?!\d)/seven/g;s/(?<!\d)8(?!\d)/eight/g;s/(?<!\d)9(?!\d)/nine/g;' test.txt

use a perl array

perl -lpe '@a=qw(zero one two three four five six seven eight nine);s/(?<!\d)(\d)(?!\d)/$a[$1]/g' test.txt

loop over the one-liner with bash

NUMBERS=(zero one two three four five six seven eight nine)
for i in "${!NUMBERS[@]}"; do
    perl -i -lpe 's/(?<!\d)'$i'(?!\d)/'${NUMBERS[$i]}'/g' test.txt
done


Update warnings and errors on Ubuntu 16.04

Disable unsupported update  system-setting software and update backports!. .. check your repositories .                  /etc/apt/sources.list

Remove Opera:

sudo apt-get purge opera-stable

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Install Opera:

sudo apt-get install opera-stable

You are using Xenial but your sources.list contains links for Precise. Jessie

Backup your current sources.list:

sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

Create a new list https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/CommandLine

save it and try sudo apt-get update


According to bug 578446 on debian this also happens when you change distribution from command line using chdist. And it also states that recreating the directory should be enough.


I had the same issue yesterday, had to remove the repository:
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/teamviewer.list*

Then apt did not throw errors anymore:
sudo apt update

You can also remove the software:
sudo apt remove teamviewer

and/or reinstall from the .deb package provided on the official homepage to get the newest version.
Previously, during installation, teamviewer installed their repo via /etc/apt/sources.list.d/teamviewer.list file which does not work anymore. The repository does not get installed anymore, so you won't receive automatic updates.


Here is another package that is just a joke : sl, standing for Steam Locomotive.

Just download sl and then run sl in a terminal.

It has been designed for people confusing ls and sl. See manual page for more exciting features!


Regaining Ubuntu after installing Windows 7

You can check the following link for a tutorial to recover access to Ubuntu by reinstalling GRUB2: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

Basically, you will need to:

Boot Ubuntu from your live CD (or USB)
Install boot-repair:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair

And finally, run boot-repair and clicking the "Recommended Repair" button.

Good luck!


How to Install My Unity to Ubuntu 14.04?

My unity has pretty much been replaced by unity-tweak-tool since 12.10 or 13.04.

To install it, use the commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

Also, CCSM may have some of the features you are looking for. Just select the Unity Plugin from the list of compiz plugins.

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

To use CCSM, just use the command

ccsm

or search for compiz using the unity application search


HIDPI support with ASUS Zenbook and 4k Monitor

I am running Ubuntu 16.04 with the LG 24UD58 4K monitor.  To correct the unsteady display I found that I needed to upgrade from the 4.4 to the 4.10 kernel using the hardware enablement stack as found here.  After upgrading Ubuntu started using the amdgpu instead of an LLVMpipe driver.  Ubuntu now looks great on the LG monitor. xrandr shows it running at 4K @ 60 Hz.

Scaling is still a mixed bag.  Ubuntu is fine (except the login screen). Some third party software is in tiny print.  I have noticed that in my virtualbox VM's Windows 10 scales nicely, but Ubuntu Mate (17.10 beta) and anything using gnome 3 has uneven scaling as in originator's example.


Modprobe fails to load module wl on kernel 4.8

This probably happens because the xenial repos have the wl module compatible only with the 4.4 kernel.

You can install a patched version of wl from the yakkety repos this way:

sudo apt purge bcmwl-kernel-source
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/restricted/b/bcmwl/bcmwl-kernel-source_6.30.223.248+bdcom-0ubuntu11_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i bcmwl-kernel-source_6.30.223.248+bdcom-0ubuntu11_amd64.deb

This version should work with the 4.8 kernel. Also make sure that Secure Boot is disabled if you are using UEFI.

If you have a 32-bit system, replace amd64 with i386 in the package name.


I've created my own Ambiance Dark theme, however I've darkened it quite a bit, if you are interested it can be found here: http://gnome-look.org/content/show.php/Ambiance+Dark?content=147513

Here is a screenshot of my theme with Nautilus and Geany open on Ubuntu 13.10


Is there a way to set a hotkey to change screen brightness?

This is a generic way to set arbitrary brightness up/down keys on Ubuntu 12.04 using the Keyboard settings app.

sudo apt-get install xdotool

Open "Keyboard" settings app, go to Shortcut tab, click Custom Shortcut, then
the little + button to add a shortcut.

name: Brightness Up
command: xdotool key XF86MonBrightnessUp

and another:

name: Brightness Down
command: xdotool key XF86MonBrightnessDown

Click where it says "Disabled" and then hit the key-combo you want, I ended up using F2 and F3.

In Ubuntu 16.04 use --clearmodifiers with the command, i.e.,

name: Brightness Up
command: xdotool key --clearmodifiers XF86MonBrightnessUp

and

name: Brightness Down
command: xdotool key --clearmodifiers XF86MonBrightnessDown


Installing/upgrading GCC compilier for testing C++

Yes you can download a newer version of gcc as a tarball and compile it with the current kernel installed. You can find gcc (and binutils) here:

GNU

  Is it possible/should I upgrade the current running version of gcc compilier

No you should not and cannot simply upgrade the compiler via the package management system. Further this could lead to dependency problems.


HomeGenie Installation on Ubuntu 12.04 Server

You can run the command not attached to the terminal by entering a & after your command so in this case sudo mono HomeGenie.exe & should work I think.


What file manager to use for previewing files in separate pane?

An alternative: Gnome Sushi
1. Install Gnome Sushi
   sudo apt install gnome-sushi unoconv

2. Usage
Select any file on nautilus and press Enter to preview the file and press Enter again to close.
You can click the button at the bottom to preview the file in fullscreen. You can also scroll up and down the file to see more pages.


Provided that you are in Canada, cravetv is supported by most current web browsers. Adobe Flash is required. I have had good luck using Google Chrome with similar services.

Sources:

https://support.nwtel.ca/hc/en-us/articles/205455585-Do-I-need-a-specific-web-browser-to-access-CraveTV-

https://help.cravetv.ca/


On Ubuntu 14.10 64 bits I faced out the same errors after upgrade. So I performed the following commands and it's working now.

On the console (Ctrl+Alt+F1)

Uninstall and remove all configuration files:

sudo apt-get purge fglrx*

Install the proprietary package on Ubuntu repositories:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install fglrx fglrx-amdcccle

Create a new xorg.conf

sudo aticonfig --initial

Restart the PC

sudo reboot

So, After the system splashscreen, the lightdm greeter must be displayed.


Desktop file won't play video after booting

I do not believe that what I'm trying to accomplish is possible. I read through the spec and there isn't anything on escape characters for $. I tried using \ to escape it and it didn't work. I will explicitly call out the file path.

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/118422/proper-use-of-escape-characters-in-desktop-file?newreg=8a52afdc130f4c2aaf68f8db49568335


I would think that the for loop would be faster as find will not only look for files in the current directory but recurse any sub-directories.  And for is a built-in shell command, where find is a separate program.


I installed jockey-gtk but how do I run it?

jockey-gtk has been moved to 'Software Sources' in 12.10 Quetzal.

To access it, open the software center.  Open 'Edit' --> 'Software Sources'

Then switch to the 'Additional Drivers' tab.


Install steam via steam's hompage will work with file .deb.

Download file from hompage

Right-click file click .deb and install via Ubuntu software center


I can't connect to VPN under Ubuntu, what is possible on Windows

Install network-manager-openconnect by command:
sudo apt-get install network-manager-openconnect.

Now click on network menu, edit connections,and you can add a Cisco anyconnect VPN. Just enter the gateway and save it.
Click on your vpn connection by going into network menu and then Enter your cisco credentials and you are done.


Combine two command defined as String in variable and run as one

you can use the & operator to combine two commands.

example:

mkdir folder & cd folder

But in case you want to give the first commands output as input to the second command,
you can always trust the pipeline |

example:

ls -l | grep <keyword>


Try importing it like this:

 from gi.repository import Gtk
 from gi.repository.GdkPixbuf import Pixbuf, InterpType

then:

 pixbuf = Pixbuf.new_from_file(filename)
 pixbuf = pixbuf.scale_simple(100, 100, InterpType.BILINEAR)

I would recommend using the command below because it automatically scales it when it reads it in. Just specify how big (pixels) you want the image to be:

 pixbuf = Pixbuf.new_from_file_at_size(size_x, size_y, filename)

Using scale_simple() does not preserve aspect ratio.
Using new_from_file_at_size() preserves aspect ratio


Screen display problem on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (dual boot with Windows 10)

I have always had great luck with Nvidia devices using the GUI tools.

System Settings > Software & Updates (at the bottom, centre) > Additional Software (farthest right tab)

The tab takes a minute to load while it runs some repository check, and will provide the option to install various available versions suitable for your graphics hardware and also your cpu. However, on an old AMD apu notebook, installing the proprietary drivers for the cpu & gpu messed up the system that was enough of a pain that I ended up reinstalling (didn't have anything important on it), and everything mostly works pretty well most of the time using only the default open source drivers. On my Intel & Nvidia hardware the proprietary drivers have almost always worked perfectly. I stick with the drivers labelled "proprietary, tested" rather than the stream with updates, which has caused me some small problems occasionally.


The following two commands worked for me:

juju sync-tools --show-log
juju bootstrap --debug


Command to restore files from an unknown file format?

I don't know what you've got there but assuming it is a dd image, you can mount it:

sudo mount -o loop /home/xyz/backup_parent.img /mnt

The contents will be accessible from /mnt for you to copy out.


What memory Scanners/Editors are available?

sudo apt-get install gameconqueror

Gameconqueror

Description-en: GUI for scanmem, a game hacking tool
 Scanmem is a simple interactive debugging utility for Linux, used to locate
 the address of a variable in a running process. This can be used for the
 analysis or modification of a hostile process on a compromised machine, for
 reverse engineering, or as a "pokefinder" to cheat at video games.
 .
 GameConqueror is a GUI for scanmem, aims to provide more features than
 scanmem, and CheatEngline-alike user-friendly interface.
Homepage: https://github.com/scanmem/scanmem


Canoscan Lide 60 not working in Ubuntu 13.10

For me (Ubuntu 14.04) it worked out of the box, but I had to start an application called "Simple Scan". With this program it works perfectly!!


Changed the UEFI motherboard on a dell laptop, now it says no OS detected

The path to Ubuntu efi loader should be added to your motherboard UEFI.

Boot from Ubuntu LiveUSB and run in terminal:

sudo efibootmgr -c -l "\EFI\UBUNTU\SHIMX64.EFI" -L ubuntu

Then reboot normally. You will get a boot option "ubuntu".

If your EFI partition is not the default /dev/sda1, then the command will look this way:

sudo efibootmgr -c -l "\EFI\UBUNTU\SHIMX64.EFI" -L ubuntu -d /dev/sdX -p N

where /dev/sdX is the disk and N is the partition number. If your EFI partition is /dev/sdb2, then it will look as -d /dev/sdb -p 2.


Dual Booting Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows 7 on separate hard drives

iam not sure
but try to install  boot Repair
and choose advanced option


Well, looks like we can do it with sed :)

This looks OK to me (the leading | is me assuming you'll be piping the output of your script into the command):

| sed -r '/test/ N;N;N; s/(.*)\n([A-Za-z]*)\s*(.*)\n(.*)\n.*/\1  \2 \3  \4/'
test-tch008.test.com  rsyslog Mon 16 Jul 2018 04:36:50 AM EDT   02:18:20 up 953 days,  8:16,  1 user,  load average: 0.08, 0.06, 0.08
test-twh005.test.com  rsyslog Mon 16 Jul 2018 04:37:08 AM EDT   02:18:21 up 1750 days, 13:38,  1 user,  load average: 0.07, 0.14, 0.17
test-vch108.test.com  rsyslog Mon 16 Jul 2018 04:38:55 AM EDT   02:18:23 up 94 days,  1:33,  1 user,  load average: 0.30, 0.28, 0.27
test-vch109.test.com  rsyslog Mon 16 Jul 2018 04:39:03 AM EDT   02:18:25 up 31 days,  1:22,  1 user,  load average: 0.18, 0.10, 0.08

But if you want to put that header line in... well I can only think of this ugly way...

| sed -r '1 s/^/servername            patch history                             uptime\n/; /test/ N;N;N; s/(.*)\n([A-Za-z]*)\s*(.*)\n(.*)\n.*/\1  \2 \3  \4/'
servername            patch history                             uptime
test-tch008.test.com  rsyslog Mon 16 Jul 2018 04:36:50 AM EDT   02:18:20 up 953 days,  8:16,  1 user,  load average: 0.08, 0.06, 0.08
test-twh005.test.com  rsyslog Mon 16 Jul 2018 04:37:08 AM EDT   02:18:21 up 1750 days, 13:38,  1 user,  load average: 0.07, 0.14, 0.17
test-vch108.test.com  rsyslog Mon 16 Jul 2018 04:38:55 AM EDT   02:18:23 up 94 days,  1:33,  1 user,  load average: 0.30, 0.28, 0.27
test-vch109.test.com  rsyslog Mon 16 Jul 2018 04:39:03 AM EDT   02:18:25 up 31 days,  1:22,  1 user,  load average: 0.18, 0.10, 0.08

Explanation

-r Use extended regex - saves a few backslashes
s/old/new/ replace old with new
1 s/^/literally what I want to insert\n/ replace the start of the first line with your header line, ending with a new line. Luckily, sed interprets \n as a newline in this context.
/test/ find a line with test
N;N;N read the next three lines in too, so we can use \n in the regex and process all three lines
(.*) save any number of any characters (save the whole line)
([A-Za-z]) save a bunch of letters (this is rsyslog, so you could just write rsyslog if it's always the same).
\s horizontal whitespace
\1  \2 \3  \4 The saved patterns, with the correct spacing.


how to uninstall oracle database from Ubuntu 14.04

Uninstall Oracle 11g XE on Linux Ubuntu

The following will completely uninstall and remove Oracle 11g XE:
Open a terminal session and login as user root:

$ sudo su

Enter the following:

# /etc/init.d/oracle-xe stop
# dpkg --purge oracle-xe
# rm -r /u01/app
# rm /etc/default/oracle-xe

# update-rc.d -f oracle-xe remove
# update-rc.d -f oracle-mount remove
# update-rc.d -f oracle-shm remove

Source: https://community.oracle.com/thread/2303639


Warning, the following involves formating the drive. Formatting will often erase files and saved contents so BACKUP the files BEFORE YOU START as this process may very well and probably will delete everything on the device!!!

You can encrypt the device using the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cryptsetup gnome-disk-utility

Search for and open disk utility in your applications. Select your device under the Peripherial Devices section.

Click the Unmount Volume button. Then, click the  Format Volume button and enable "Encrypt underlying device".

Again, formating will erase the device so check to make sure you’re formatting the correct drive and you’ve backed up its files before continuing!!!

You will be asked to create a passphrase for the device and you will also have other options for the system to remember the password or not.

Source (click here for more info): www.howtogeek.com/115955/how-to-quickly-encrypt-removable-storage-devices-with-ubuntu/


Mouse stops working in Ubuntu Gnome 16.04

Recently, I upgraded from trusty to xenial, via do-release-upgrade and had the same problem. After the upgrade completed, after the system booted, at the gdm login screen, I was unable to click anything with my mouse. I could move it around, and sometimes scroll, but I could not click anything. I had to navigate around with various key shortcuts like alt+tab and alt+f4

I tried a ps2 mouse, a wireless usb touchpad, and a different mouse. The mouse worked fine in another machine. Dmsg did not seem to show anything useful either. I tried all the obvious, like different usb ports to no avail. I reinstalled gnome-shell and gdm, purging configurations and even trying to update to the latest gnome 3.20. Nothing worked.

After lot of frustration, I installed gnome-session-flashback. That worked after switching to lightdm. The mouse would not click anything on either gdm or gnome3, but gnome2 worked fine. So next I installed kde-plasma, which worked. Than openbox, and mate, which also worked. Next I installed cinnamon, and the mouse worked, except I could not click anything on the status/menu bar down below. Everything else worked though, very odd. But if I understand correctly, cinnamon uses both gnome2 and gnome3 code, so I thought this information could be useful to someone trying to debug.

But I really just wanted my Gnome3 back. Finally I managed to fix this bug. I tried disabling my Nvidia proprietary drivers and switched over to Nouveau. After a reboot, gnome3 worked again. If you use any proprietary drivers, try disabling those. Hope that helps.

Update: After disabling nvidia drivers, and switching to Noveau, i than reinstalled the nvidia drivers, and everything worked fine. So that's worth a shot.


That's perfectly correct behaviour as curl by default outputs the contents of the download to the terminal, which is not what you need here, just use it like this:

curl https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-5.2.0-Linux-x86_64.sh > anaconda.sh

or use the -o flag of curl:

curl -o anaconda.sh https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-5.2.0-Linux-x86_64.sh

or preserve the full name of the downloaded script by using the -O flag (which is actually what's mentioned in the tutorial you linked to)

curl -O https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-5.2.0-Linux-x86_64.sh


Ubuntu 20.04 + WIndows 10 Pro + disk encryption

I have done a similar setup with Windows 10 and Ubuntu 18.04, following the instructions provided by Paddy Landau (https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ManualFullSystemEncryption). Mike Kasberg provides similar instructions for Ubuntu 20.04 (https://www.mikekasberg.com/blog/2020/04/08/dual-boot-ubuntu-and-windows-with-encryption.html).
In outline, the steps are:

Install Windows 10 in a suitably-sized partition, or, if already installed, shrink the Windows partition to create space for Linux.
Create two new partitions: a) boot, b) Linux system & data.
Encrypt the Linux system & data partition using LUKS. You'll need to provide a disc-encryption passphrase.
Set up an LVM within the encrypted partition, to include a root filespace and a swap space.
Install Ubuntu using the standard installer. Configure the partitions to point to the existing boot partition, root filespace and swap space.
Set up /etc/crypttab and run update-initramfs so that the system will know how to decrypt the LUKS partition the next time you boot.

Having done this, when you boot the machine, you'll be taken to the grub menu. If you choose Ubuntu, you'll be prompted for the disc-encryption passphrase. If you're not using BitLocker on your Windows partition, then you can alternatively boot into Windows from the grub menu. If you are using BitLocker, then you wont be able to go via grub - instead you'll need to go directly into booting Windows from the BIOS, typcially by pressing F12 when you start up.
This arrangement gives you encrypted Linux system & data and swap partitions. The boot partition is not encrypted.
When switching between the two operating systems, you must ensure you do a proper shut down. If you just do a hibernate (from Ubuntu), and then boot into Windows, you will find that the boot partition gets corrupted. Beware! The corruption can be fixed, but requires booting Ubuntu from a USB stick, and entering a dozen or so commands.
If you have Windows 10 already installed, you may run into problems when attempting to shrink the partition. The Windows 10 Disk Management tool is liable to tell you there are "unmovable files", and it may limit how much you can shrink the partition. If you want to shrink the partition more than this, you need to disable System Protection. Then you'll find you can shrink the partition some more. You may need to do it in several small steps. When you're done, re-enable System Protection.
This is just an outline. For full details, see the links at the top.


Error encountered with /var/cache/apt/archives/base-files_10.1ubuntu2.2_amd64.deb trying to update packages

Then force installation of base-files by
sudo dpkg -i --force-all /var/cache/apt/archives/base-files_10.1ubuntu2.2_amd64.deb

and resume upgrade by
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


How to print the output of tree to pdf without losing the color?

Install the following dependencies:

sudo apt-get install aha wkhtmltopdf

Save your tree command output to html with aha:

tree -C -h | aha > foo.html

From the tree man page, -C forces colorization:

    -C     Turn colorization on always, using built-in color defaults
           if the LS_COLORS environment variable is not set. Useful to
           colorize output to a pipe.

Finally export the html to pdf with wkhtmltopdf:

wkhtmltopdf foo.html foo.pdf

Example:

cd /tmp
tree -C -h | aha > foo.html
wkhtmltopdf foo.html foo.pdf
xdg-open foo.pdf


Connecting to WiFi where username/password is linked to Windows

I had this exact problem and fixed it with dumb luck. But here's what I did.

Edit Connections by right clicking wifi icon in top right.

Select domain (wifi name) you and to join, and click edit.

Go to Wifi Security Tab. If your problem is the same as mine, you will have options for Security, Authentication, CA Certificate, Inner Authentication, the the username and password.

Mess with Authentication and Inner Authentication settings.

I was having this same problem with 14.04 and joining a Windows Server 2008 R2 domain. I have the Authentication set to Tunneled TLS and the Inner Authentication set to MSCHAPv2. Below that it asks for my username and password.

Sorry I'm answering this thread so long after it was posted. But it's now here forever for you OP and anyone with this kind of problem to see and use. Also sorry if this didn't solve your problem.


Can I use Crystal Reports on MonoDevelop?

There's a project called MonoReports, which can be found on Github. I've not used it myself, but the README looks promising

  Monoreports is a cross-platform (linux/win/mac) report designer and
  reporting engine for .net/mono It's similar to the CrystalReport (TM)
  and other tools like that.

I'm not sure if you'll be able to port a CrystalReports project to MonoReports. From what I've read, it doesn't seem possible. I would suggest making a backup of you project and then attempting to open it with MonoReports and see what happens.


What Will Happen Under This Situation with Ubuntu One?

I just ran a test on this. I used

touch testfile.txt

and it uploaded the file to my personal cloud. I synced my phone and the file was there.
I then deleted the file from the Ubuntu One folder on the computer and did not get another message saying that the file was being downloaded again, and when I re-synced my phone, the file was gone.

Based on that little experiment, I would say if you deleted them from the folder itself, they wont try and download themselves again.


Connect PC to an Android phone to send and receive sms

the best method i found was to use airdroid which works over your wifi and with your browser.

you just install the app and follow the simple instructions.

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sand.airdroid&feature=search_result#?t=W251bGwsMSwxLDEsImNvbS5zYW5kLmFpcmRyb2lkIl0.

you can access all the great things on your phone :-)
you can send and receive sms get notifications for phone calls manage your files etc.
there is a new version which is in beta at the moment which will give more options like connecting over 3g network.
hope this helps :-)


The openbenchmarking.org page here suggests that it does. From personal experience, I can only say that an A10-5750M worked with 12.04 and 13.10 for me - the latter combination is what I am now typing on.

As with all Ubuntu distributions, there will be a fair bit of googling and command-line work involved in configuring the machine optimally.


Tomcat not starting with `tomcat start/post-stop`

It might be permission issue, check in /var/log/upstart/tomcat.log, you may find this log:

/bin/sh: 1: exec: /opt/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh: Permission denied

To fix all these permission issues, do this:

sudo chown -R tomcat:tomcat /opt/tomcat


why does gpg --list-secret-keys show keys in pubring.kbx

Everything is fine. Up to GnuPG 2.1 private keys got stored in secring.gpg. Later versions merged it into pubring.kbx.

See GnuPG FAQ: Removal of the secret keyring.


Using backticks or dollar in shell scripts

Use dollar. Backticks are semi-deprecated, because they are more complicated to use (see the link), and there are no advantages to them unless you're doing code golf and absolutely need to save a single character. They probably won't be removed from popular shells anytime soon though, so you're safe using either for now.


Ubuntu 20.04 compatibility with nvidia-driver-390

You can use mainline package to install kernel 5.11.0 and 460.56 nvidia driver. This combination works. Just confirmed here, although I see more recent kernel versions available, can check later if needed.


chown: invalid option -- 'i' Try 'chown --help' for more information

As the glob (pathname) expansion is done first by the shell before the chown runs, the glob pattern * is expanded to all files in the current directory first and chown is getting those as its options and arguments. You have a file in the current directory that starts with -i, hence chown is considering it as an option, not as an argument (filename).

You need to use -- to indicate the end of options for chown:

chown -R myuser:mygroup -- *

Or precede the glob pattern (*) with ./ to explicitly indicate it as argument:

chown -R myuser:mygroup ./*


The mod_php module could not be installed. This is actually a problem on the package manager level not Apache yet.

There is unfortunately no error in your post that is helpful - maybe replace the ... with the full error message.

Some things you could try (most should be okay, but pay attention to the command output)

$ sudo apt-get update # refresh packages
$ sudo apt-get -f install # retry configuring packages
$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade # upgrade all packages to latest version

I guess most of these hints won't help to resolve the problem. I guess it's either permissions or manual edits of config files that break it here.

Make a backup! And try to start from scratch if nothing helps:

$ sudo apt-get --purge apache2
$ sudo apt-get --purge php5 libapache2-mod-php5
$ sudo apt-get --purge autoremove # could remove more stuff, pay attention!
$ sudo mv /etc/apache2 /tmp/apache2.orig
$ sudo mv /etc/php5 /tmp/php5.org
$ sudo apt-get install apache2 libapache2-mod-php5 php5
$ sudo a2enmod php5 # enable php module


Nvida proprietary driver 331.113 vs Xorg Nvidia-346

Probably You did it already, but if not, just add ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa to Your repos:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-346

Regards,
Mario.


Does someone knows what journal is?

Part of a modern day filesystem is a feature called "journaling". We use "ext4" as a filesystem. (ext3, ext2 are older versions. NTFS is a Microsoft equivalent.)

  A journaling file system is a file system that keeps track of changes not yet committed to the file system's main part by recording the intentions of such changes in a data structure known as a "journal", which is usually a circular log. In the event of a system crash or power failure, such file systems can be brought back online more quickly with a lower likelihood of becoming corrupted

Source: Wikipedia - Journaling file system, cites: IBM - Anatomy of Linux journaling file systems

Basically the message means the system did an integrity check on this part of your filesystem. It is forced by the system, so generally there is nothing to worry about. When you have power cutoffs, the journal can get damaged and, unless your harddisk is really busted, tends to get repaired during this check.


Easy. When you go to install, BOOT INTO THE LIVE DESKTOP.

Next, go into GParted (Alt+F2 gparted).

Select your C drive, and DELETE. Click apply. It will take a while.

Now, create a new partition in the "empty space". Make sure it's EXT4.

Next, apply those changes. When done, close GParted.

Now, start the Ubuntu installer. When it asks you where to install Ubuntu, go into "Advanced Mode" and select the EXT4 space. Tell it to mount that as /. Select your D drive and tell it to mount as something like /backup (or whatever you want). Make sure the format checkbox is NOT checked. Then, proceed with install.

If all goes right, congrats! If not, recover that partition and fast!

Typically, you ALWAYS want to have backups on an external disc. Just safer (and less chance of accidental wipe).


You could use alt+F2 and log into your account using the command line. I've experienced this once and did that to log in. This is only temporary though, you won't get your login screen right doing this, but you will probably at least be able to log into your account.


Are you using Xubuntu or Kubuntu? The ERROR message is due to missing GNOME configuration schemas, and something in quickly is apparently trying to read a setting in that schema. The missing schema is installed by the gsettings-desktop-schemas package. If you install it and re-run the quickly command to create your app, you should no longer see the error message.


Use boot-repair.  I had the same issue just the other day.  I've been running a stable Ubuntu system for several weeks.  I shut it down and everything seemed normal.  Next day I attempted to boot and got the same message you did, "No boot device found.  Press any key to reboot."  I figured my hard drive died.  Actually it was just a boot issue that was fixed using boot-repair.  I booted to my live Ubuntu on USB stick.  I opened a terminal and entered the following commands:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install boot-repair
boot-repair

After running boot-repair everything was back to normal.  I still have no idea what happened to cause the problem, but since it was relatively easy to fix I'm not seriously concerned.
Note: Boot-repair appeared to freeze during the actual process of resetting GRUB and several error messages appeared in my terminal window regarding boot-repair.  Eventually boot-repair completed it's work and gave a report that included errors.  And then I rebooted my system and it worked like a charm.


When attempting to dual-boot Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows 7, boot loader cannot mount root.disk

First make sure you have completely ShutDown Windows (not Hibernation, not Sleep, not Restart).
If Wubi still does not mount, there is little chance to fix it (Wubi is less reliable than a standard Ubuntu install), but you can try following this tutorial: How_can_I_access_my_Wubi_install_and_repair_my_install_if_it_wont_boot


Is there a shortcut for Places->search for files in classic mode?

In Ubuntu 10.04 there is but it is disabled by default.

Open the System->Preferences->Keyboard Shortcuts dialog and find the "Search" action, then set your own shortcut by click at this action.


If these are terminal windows, you might want to reinstall libgtk2-perl since the gnome frontend to debconf depends on it.


Broken configuration for seahorse-ssh-askpass

seahorse-ssh-askpass is simple GUI application that prompts for the password and writes it to the stdout. It is intended behavior. There is nothing broken about it.

It is invoked by the gnome-keyring-daemon, by ssh or whatever asks you for a password.

To store the key in gnome-keyring, open Keys and password application and add the key in there.

The $SSH_AUTH_SOCK path /tmp/ssh-<some alpha-numeric sequence>/agent.[0-9]{4} says that the connection is not to the gnome-keyring, but it was overwritten by ssh-agent during the startup in some of the scripts. Gnome-keyring creates auth sockets in /run/user/{UID}/keyring/ssh.

So what you are really trying to find out is who started the ssh-agent in your bashrc, profile or Xsession scripts and why, if you already have gnome-keyring running.


Gnome Shell without the application dashboard (like Unity)

That is not Gnome Shell, but Gnome Panel 3. It is provided by Gnome Shell as a fallback, since it cannot be used on all hardware. If you get that when you select Gnome Shell, that means you cannot use Gnome Shell, for some reason. Perhaps your hardware can't handle it, or maybe you need to install a driver for your VGA. There is no Gnome Shell equivalent to Unity 2D.


Getting inspiration from this answer I opened the /var/log/apt/history.log file, copied the packages that were installed by the plasma-desktop meta package (had to do some cleaning by removing the brackets, commas and :amd64) and then I ran:

sudo apt purge --autoremove looooooong package list pasted from text editor

The remaining ~284Mb of packages are gone and importantly without breaking the system.


Read the README.md file in the root directory of the afdko source tree. Install the necessary files. I setup a virtual environment using the First Install Option and obtained the necessary tools which were available in the virtual python environment: makeotf, otf2ttf, ttfcomponentizer ...

I used these in the Sanssource master tree to build the fonts for both otf and ttf. The build.sh produced an error. So, I just build them one at a time based on the one example given in the README.md file. My python version was more recent than that mentioned in the docs. But it worked anyway.


Make icon for Firefox 24 on Ubuntu 13.04

Go to the dash and search for "Main Menu". There you will be able to add "New Item". In this window you will be able to put in the command, description and name for you application. If you click the "launcher" icon to the left you can browse for an icon (icons are normally stored in /usr/share/icons)

After you have completed these steps you should be able to find your application in the dash, and drag it to your launcher like any other application.


Getting the most recent releases of gcc / g++ (11.0 or 10.2) on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

There seems to be no way to get up-to-date packages for ubuntu, you have to built them by yourself...


xrandr: Configure crtc 1 failed when HDMI monitor not detected

First, use xrandr --verbose to figure out what you're dealing with.
No guarantees but specifying the crtc number may resolve things -- especially if you're using multiple external monitors.
If one crtc number doesn't work try another. For example, a situation with laptop video at crtc 0 and xrandr --verbose output indicating 0 1 2 are options for DP-1 (an external monitor connected via VGA), crtc 1 failed.
$ xrandr --output DP-1 --crtc 1 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1366x0 --rotate normal
/usr/bin/xrandr: Configure crtc 1 failed

Trying again with 2 solved the problem:
$ xrandr --output DP-1 --crtc 2 --mode 1920x1080 --pos 1366x0 --rotate normal


Ubuntu 19.10 stuck/show black screen when installing

After lots of trying different things lot's of errors and nothing that was working, I erased my CMOS RTC RAM data on my motherboard. I believe this is different how you do it depending on your motherboard but to point you in the right direction I used these sources:

https://www.asus.com/support/FAQ/1040820/
https://www.asus.com/support/FAQ/1030210/
https://dlcdnets.asus.com/pub/ASUS/mb/LGA1151/TUF_B360M-PLUS_GAMING/E13794_TUF_B360M-PLUS_GAMING_UM_web.pdf (Point 9)

I managed to install both Ubunutu 18.04 and 19.10.


Dim (NEARLY blank) laptop screen, secondary screen works - why?

In the end it was a backlight problem. What led me to it, was that if I had a strong light source pointed at the screen - I could see well what was on it.

I took the laptop to service and it was fixed - backlight connection was loose.


How do I import a Rhythmbox playlist into Spotify?

To get your playlists into Spotify you need the following:

your playlist in m3u format
a Spotify client installed within Ubuntu (not the web-page)

Right click the Rhythmbox playlist and save as a file.

Make sure you change the file name to have a m3u extension and you choose the m3u format as shown.

Next visit the following website:

http://spotmysongs.com/

Looking at the help on the site - this website appears to be run by the folks of spotify themselves, so it looks fairly authentic

Click the choose file on the website and navigate to your m3u file.

Then click spot my songs

Finally fire-up your spotify client and ensure your client and the spotmysongs webpage are side-by side.  Drag-and-drop your new playlist into spotify

Enjoy playing your new rhythmbox-to-spotify playlist


not able to download anything on software center

What you might want to do is to go to the Synaptic Package Manager, then at the top click Settings, then Repositories. See if you can enable and reload the packages from Synaptic then go back to the Ubuntu Software Center.
If you do not have Synaptic, type sudo apt-get install synaptic in the terminal.


Samsung Notebook 9 Pro (NP940X5N-X01US) failed to resume from suspend under Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

I had the same issue with the same laptop in 18.04. Downloading the proprietary AMD drivers from https://support.amd.com/en-us/kb-articles/Pages/Radeon-Software-for-Linux-Release-Notes.aspx fixed it for me but did dramatically reduce my battery life. I haven't figured that one out yet.


Ubuntu 18.04 - Lock screen issue with GDM3

According to comment #10 by nomike (michael-postmann) on the bug report

  When using sddm or lightdm I don't have this issues (though I have others).

Therefore, it seems that the only workaround is to use other Display Manager such as lightdm. To install lightdm, run:

sudo apt install lightdm

and follow on screen instructions.


Failover clustering with apache2 on linux(ubuntu) and file synchonization

Take a look at pacemaker. It is a standard de facto of building such HA solution.


No. 14.04 ships with Samba 4.x only. If you want Samba 3.x, you will need to find a third party repository (eg. a PPA) or compile from source.

Alternatively, if you want to use older versions of software then you can stick to an older Ubuntu release. For example, 12.04 will be supported until April 2017.


How and from where to download the full DVD of Ubuntu Server 14.04.3 LTS?

Using local packages
What do you mean by full? If it would contain all the available packages, it would not be a DVD. Probably even a BD would be too small. If you need additional packages for offline installation, you can download them with apt:
sudo apt-get --download-only install package-name

Then you can make an image yourself, if you want.

Creating an Ubuntu mirror
If you want to create an entire mirror, you can use Rsyncmirror, it has an extensive guide.


Why did the upgrade from 11.10 to 12.04 ruin my system?

No you cannot go back to 11.10 easily and even if you do , it might cause more issues. Better solution is to fix what went wrong. As a first step can you try resetting unity to default values

unity --reset

unity --reset-icons


How can I get my mouse pointer back without losing my session?

The following procedure appears to work in Ubuntu 15.04. The X Server communicates with programs via the network socket localhost:0. The environment variable DISPLAY can be set to this socket, then, on resetting Unity, this socket can be picked up for communications again. So, on encountering an interface problem such as a missing mouse pointer or a frozen display, something like the following procedure could be attempted:

Access tty1: Ctrl+Alt+F1
Set the environment variable DISPLAY: DISPLAY=:0
Export the environment variable DISPLAY: export DISPLAY
Reset Unity: sudo unity --replace


Cron task appears to run in syslog, but does not appear to be actually running

I figured out my problem. The actual root did not have permissions to my ineptly named /root folder. A simple chmod -R 707 /root solved it.


How do I install Ubuntu TV on my computer?

All the information is on the wiki. I suspect these are going to evolve over the next few weeks so I won't copy-paste them here for now.

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuTV/Contributing

There is now a PPA from WebUpd8's Alin Andrei. It only works for 11.10 and contains a patched unity-2d package as well as the new unity-video-lens package. All you have to do is add the PPA, update, upgrade and install the new package:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/test3
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install unity-lens-video

Note this is a personal PPA. As ever you should note that there may be stability and security implications of using it. If you're oblivious to the risks, you probably shouldn't be using it.

What are PPAas and how do I use them?


Sharing Computer Ethernet Internet Connection with Wireless Router through Wireless

Simple guide:

You can configure Squid for the following topology: the Ubuntu pc must have one NIC (wlan0) connected to the private LAN, and the other one (eth0) connected to the Internet.

To set up a transparent proxy with Squid, you must add necessary iptables rules. These rules should help you get started:

exec sudo -i
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i wlan0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 3128

The first line will enable forwarding

The second line will cause all outbound packets from eth0 (WAN interface) to have the source IP address of eth0.

The third line will redirect all incoming HTTP packets (destined to TCP 80) from wlan0 (LAN interface) to Squid listening ort (TCP 3128), instead of forwarding it out to WAN interface right away.

Now you start Squid installation and you will modify Squid configuration to turn it into a transparent proxy, you define our LAN subnet (e.g., 10.10.10.0/24) as a valid client network. Any traffic not originating from the LAN subnet will be denied access.

sudo exec -i
apt-get update
apt-get install squid
nano /etc/squid/squid.conf

Simple example of basic content:

## Hostname proxy example ##
http_port 3128 transparent

## Define our network ##
acl our_network src 10.10.10.0/24

## make sure that our network is allowed ##
http_access allow our_network

## finally deny everything else ##
http_access deny all

More info:

http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-setup-transparent-proxy-squid-howto.html

http://www.brennan.id.au/11-Squid_Web_Proxy.html

https://www.garron.me/en/linux/iptables-manual.html


Compile a program in a "compatibility mode"

You might consider running it in a precise chroot.

There are some instructions here (although they're somewhat out of date).  Hopefully you can adapt them for your needs.

Good luck

EDIT: The instructions here look a bit more up to date and you may find them easier to follow.


Replace xscreensaver locker with a better tool (sddm, gdm3) on Lubuntu (LXQt)

Why your solution didn't work

LXQt uses xdg-screensaverlock to handle locking. This tool generally chooses the screensaver based on the desktop environment but xscreensaver takes precedence so that eliminates some other options, including gnome-screensaver¹.

The real solution

Luckily, there are others that take precedence over xscreensaver, including the one that trumps them all: xautolock. Technically that's not a locker, so you'd need something else. Something light like xtrlock would do the trick (and it's super light).

Make sure you autostart xautolock -locker "xtrlock -b" (remove the -b if you don't want the screen blanked) and keep xscreensaver from starting:

Navigate to Menu » Preferences » LXQt Settings » Session Settings » Autostart
Uncheck the check box next to Xscreensaver
Click the Add button
In the Name field add something like "xautolock xtrlock"
In the Command field add xautolock -locker "xtrlock -b"
Click OK
Click Close
Log out and back out again

You can fix xscreensaver, too

Since your primary issue is looks, You might want to look into theming xscreensaver's lock dialog. This is arguably a much wiser solution as xscreensaver is really notable for its commitment to security, i.e. to actually work under any conditions as a locker.

¹ …which is not included with gdm3, so you didn't install another lock mechanism. If you did want this single interface, you'd need to install the screensaver as well. You'd also have to do the above except instead of xautolock you could use gnome-screensaver. I wouldn't recommend this any more than I would recommend trying to use KDE's locker (which is not sddmas it seems) since they are tightly integrated into the desktop environment and kind of useless outside of it.