You can use find directly to print any details you want to see:

For the information similar to ll - you can show the ls -dils information with the -ls option:

find . -type d -ls

For example:

$ find /boot -type d -ls
3407873    4 drwxr-xr-x   3 root     root         4096 May  8 09:58 /boot
3407874    4 drwxr-xr-x   5 root     root         4096 Jul 31 03:32 /boot/grub
3408122    4 drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root         4096 Nov 27  2012 /boot/grub/fonts
3407884   12 drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root        12288 Apr 18 05:57 /boot/grub/i386-pc
3408117    4 drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root         4096 Apr 18 05:57 /boot/grub/locale

If you want to show more details: the option -printf takes a format string that allows you to show any propperties of the directory.

For example, to show the inode number and plain file name:

find . -type d -printf '%i %f\n'

The format string is described in man find:

    -printf format
           True;  print  format on the standard output, interpreting `\' escapes and `%' directives.  Field widths
           and precisions can be specified as with the `printf' C function.  Please note that many of  the  fields
           are  printed  as  %s rather than %d, and this may mean that flags don't work as you might expect.  This
           also means that the `-' flag does work (it forces fields to be left-aligned).  Unlike  -print,  -printf
           does not add a newline at the end of the string.  The escapes and directives are:

[... literal chars ...]

           A  `\'  character followed by any other character is treated as an ordinary character, so they both are
           printed.

           %%     A literal percent sign.

           %a     File's last access time in the format returned by the C `ctime' function.

           %Ak    File's last access time in the format specified by k, which is either `@' or a directive for the
                  C  `strftime'  function.   The possible values for k are listed below; some of them might not be
                  available on all systems, due to differences in `strftime' between systems.

[... many more time formats ...]

           %b     The amount of disk space used for this file in 512-byte blocks. Since disk space is allocated in
                  multiples  of  the filesystem block size this is usually greater than %s/512, but it can also be
                  smaller if the file is a sparse file.

           %c     File's last status change time in the format returned by the C `ctime' function.

           %Ck    File's last status change time in the format specified by k, which is the same as for %A.

           %d     File's depth in the directory tree; 0 means the file is a command line argument.

           %D     The device number on which the file exists (the st_dev field of struct stat), in decimal.

           %f     File's name with any leading directories removed (only the last element).

           %F     Type of the filesystem the file is on; this value can be used for -fstype.

           %g     File's group name, or numeric group ID if the group has no name.

           %G     File's numeric group ID.

           %h     Leading directories of file's name (all but the last element).  If the  file  name  contains  no
                  slashes (since it is in the current directory) the %h specifier expands to ".".

           %H     Command line argument under which file was found.

           %i     File's inode number (in decimal).

           %k     The  amount of disk space used for this file in 1K blocks. Since disk space is allocated in mul‐
                  tiples of the filesystem block size this is usually greater than %s/1024, but  it  can  also  be
                  smaller if the file is a sparse file.

           %l     Object of symbolic link (empty string if file is not a symbolic link).

           %m     File's  permission  bits (in octal).  This option uses the `traditional' numbers which most Unix
                  implementations use, but if your particular implementation uses an  unusual  ordering  of  octal
                  permissions  bits, you will see a difference between the actual value of the file's mode and the
                  output of %m.   Normally you will want to have a leading zero on this number, and  to  do  this,
                  you should use the # flag (as in, for example, `%#m').

           %M     File's  permissions  (in  symbolic  form,  as for ls).  This directive is supported in findutils
                  4.2.5 and later.

           %n     Number of hard links to file.

           %p     File's name.

           %P     File's name with the name of the command line argument under which it was found removed.

           %s     File's size in bytes.

           %S     File's sparseness.  This is calculated as (BLOCKSIZE*st_blocks / st_size).  The exact value  you
                  will get for an ordinary file of a certain length is system-dependent.  However, normally sparse
                  files will have values less than 1.0, and files which use indirect blocks may have a value which
                  is  greater  than  1.0.    The  value used for BLOCKSIZE is system-dependent, but is usually 512
                  bytes.   If the file size is zero, the value printed is undefined.  On systems which  lack  sup‐
                  port for st_blocks, a file's sparseness is assumed to be 1.0.

           %t     File's last modification time in the format returned by the C `ctime' function.

           %Tk    File's last modification time in the format specified by k, which is the same as for %A.

           %u     File's user name, or numeric user ID if the user has no name.

           %U     File's numeric user ID.

           %y     File's type (like in ls -l), U=unknown type (shouldn't happen)

           %Y     File's type (like %y), plus follow symlinks: L=loop, N=nonexistent

           A `%' character followed by any other character is discarded, but the other character is printed (don't
           rely on this, as further format characters may be introduced).  A `%' at the end of the format argument
           causes  undefined  behaviour  since there is no following character.  In some locales, it may hide your
           door keys, while in others it may remove the final page from the novel you are reading.

           The %m and %d directives support the # , 0 and + flags, but the other directives do not, even  if  they
           print  numbers.   Numeric  directives that do not support these flags include G, U, b, D, k and n.  The
           `-' format flag is supported and changes the alignment of a field from right-justified  (which  is  the
           default) to left-justified.

           See  the  UNUSUAL  FILENAMES section for information about how unusual characters in filenames are han‐
           dled.

In case you need some other variant of a find command, you can do a whole lot with find - the man page is pretty long.

For example, if you would want to leave out hiden directories - those with names starting with ., and show only the first level of directories, you can use this:

find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -name '[^.]*' -printf '%i %p\n'

$ find /boot -maxdepth 1 -type d -name '[^.]*' -printf '%i %p\n'
3407873 /boot
3407874 /boot/grub

(Take a look at the two new parts in the command - both are frequently useful.)


Help with finding a "default" IP on a device with static ip

There is no default IPv4 address assigned to interfaces.  If you have messed up your network configuration with static configs, the device will not have an IP address on the network.  Unless you have physical access to the box or some type of backup console access to the system there is not going to be a way to remote access the system.

(Also, 'adress' is not 'address' - you have a typo in there)


Ubuntu 14.04 Dell E7240 - Docked - doesn't recognize second monitor

The Dell E7240 integrates a DisplayPort MST (Multi Stream Transport) hub which enables multiple monitors to be used through a single DisplayPort interface. Unfortunately Linux does not support DisplayPort MST yet. See freedesktop.org bug #72795 - Dell dock DVI knocks out DP when unplugged.
There are firmware bugs in the Synaptics VMM2320 MST hub that is integrated in the Latitude E5440/E5540/E7240/E7440.  Make sure you upgrade to the latest firmware, see Dell support for details (2.15,A01 12/23/2013 is the latest I could find)


Wireless on my EEE 1005HA doesn't work properly yet there's no additional driver listed

Download and install the latest stable compat-wireless-3.3-rc1-2.tar.bz2

http://linuxwireless.org/en/users/Download/stable/#compat-wireless_3.3_stable_releases

open up a terminal

cd Desktop or where_ever_you_downloaded_the_file

tar -xf compat-wireless-3.3.rc1-2.tar.bz2

cd compat-wireless-3.3.rc1-2

make

sudo make install

sudo make unload

OR

you could use the windows driver with ndiswrapper

install ndiswrapper

locate the .inf file

/sbin/modprobe ndiswrapper

One last ditch effort

Wireless (Atheros AR9285) works out of the box, but connection is flaky. To fix, open a terminal and type 'sudo apt-get install linux-backports-modules-karmic'

PER UBUNTU https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupport/Machines/Netbooks


Unable to install latte-dock in Kubuntu 18.04

Ok so for some strange reason (any input on this would be helpful), I had to add the main universe restricted multiverse to my list of repository. You can do this by:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main universe restricted multiverse"

Then running sudo apt update and installing latte works fine.


You are missing the following 32-bit libraries, and Steam may not run: libc.so.6

Assuming libc.so.6 is the only one you are missing, open a terminal and execute the following commands to install the missing library (be careful here and do not accept changes unless you are happy with the changes ie may uninstall stuff you want to keep!!):

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libc6-i386

Please post any errors.


After Ubuntu 12.04, all the versions supports mysql 5.5 and tomcat6 (reference 1) (reference 2)


What do I need to do to preserve sda2 and sda4 paritions, and format sda3 for Ubuntu and part of it as swap area?

The OP solved it and posted the solution in the comments.

  I maxed out the number of primary partitions so I can't create a new
  primary one for the 'swap area'. I just made two new logical
  partitions.


You wrote /deb instead of /dev. Try

sudo mkdir /mnt/sdb1
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdb1

You should then be able to see your files in /mnt/sdb1, for example in Nautilus or via

ls -la /mnt/sdb1


How to setup an environment for running php scripts in Ubuntu?

1. Installing and setting up the LAMP stack

Open Terminal by hitting Ctrl+Alt+T
Update the apt cache and install lamp-server^ by running sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install lamp-server^ (you should be able to go through the on-screen setup; it's just a matter of setting up the mysql root password)

2. Installing and setting up PHPMyAdmin

Open Terminal by hitting Ctrl+Alt+T
Update the apt cache and install phpmyadmin by running sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin (you should be able to go through the on-screen setup; it's just a matter of providing the mysql root password, setting up the phpmyadmin password and choosing which DBMS you want to configure, i.e. mysql)

3. Setting up Apache for PHPMyAdmin

Open Terminal by hitting Ctrl+Alt+T
Add this line (Include /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf) to /etc/apache2/apache2.conf by running echo 'Include /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf' | sudo tee -a /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
Restart apache by running sudo service apache2 restart

Finally, test Apache and PHPMyAdmin to see if everything went right;
Test Apache by opening http://localhost in your web browser; if everything went right you should see this:

Test PHPMyAdmin by opening http://localhost/phpmyadmin in your web browser; if everything went right you should see this:


it is so easy (and i did it) with unity Tweak tool>Switcher or CompizConfig settings manager that you can install one (or both) of them easily from Ubuntu Software Center or with Terminal.


In the last screenshot in your post, you can press Remove on the bottom right. This will remove the closed Nvidia drivers, after a reboot, Ubuntu will use the open-source Nouveau driver. Normally, this works better with the Display system setting.


How can I make a launcher for ALT+TAB window switcher?

You need a desktop file to put something in the launcher.

  gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/name.desktop

Fill out this template:

[Desktop Entry]
 Name=the name you want shown
 Comment=
 Exec=command to run
 Icon=icon name
 Terminal=false
 Type=Application
 StartupNotify=true

Then you need to learn about xdotool which can simulate mouse and keyboard with commands.

Hope this helps even though I was not thorough.


Before switching to the nvidia drivers you need to install linux-source and linux-headers (see bug 1068341).  After the source is installed, try switching to the nvidia drivers.

Here is how:

Before you start, install all updates (and reboot the computer, if you are told to).

Switch to a terminal (Ctrl-Alt-F1).
Login as your username.
Install linux source (sudo apt-get install linux-source) and headers (sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic).
Uninstall nvidia driver - this depends on which version you installed (sudo apt-get remove nvidia-current or sudo apt-get remove nvidia-current-updates or sudo apt-get remove nvidia-experimental-304).
Reinstall nvidia driver (sudo apt-get install nvidia-current-updates).
If it successfully installs, restart the computer (sudo shutdown -r now).

More In-depth How-to

The following link gives a more in-depth overview on how to handle the nvidia driver. It should be applicable to more cases, that are similar, but not exactly the same as the one described here:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/Nvidia


New extra hard drive, not being detected by anything

First disconnect the harddrive, then go to the terminal and execute:sudo fdisk -l now connect your harddrive and again execute:sudo fdisk -l. Compare the output of both commands. You'll notice the second attempt produces a little more output and this is your hard drive. Then you can mount it using the mount command like:mount /dev/sdx /media/mount. /dev/sdx is the station designation you figured out using the commands above and /media/mount is the mount point you've to create first where you want fo connect your harddrive to in order to be able to access it.


Gnome3 Terminal restores previous window size on focus loss

This is apparently a bug.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-terminal/+bug/1040885

They mentioned a workaround, select the first tab and resize. Apparently this only happens when the first tab isn't selected.


"dd" is "iso" for all intents and purposes. It's a raw image, and as mentioned above, it will boot in qemu or kvm (assuming it isn't corrupt) if it is a raw image.

Example, if you take a hard drive with Ubuntu installed, located at /dev/sdc, and use the command:

dd if=/dev/sdc bs=8M of=/home/me/sdc.raw

You can then boot /home/me/sdc.raw using qemu or KVM.


There is an existing bug which causes this login loop issue. Please search it in this forum. I get rid of this kind of issues by undoing the last action and i try to do only action at a time so this way i can undo. Based on the information you have provided it seems that it is a fresh install so your best bet it to re-install. Otherwise as mentioned in the comment - try opening the other virtual consoles(Ctrl+Alt+F1 to Ctrl+Alt+F6)


Juju: How to connect to already bootstrapped environment

In order to successfully access the environment you need the following:

The file ~/.juju/environments/<environment-name>.jenv
The environment config for that environment located in ~/.juju/environments.yaml

Using these two you can connect to the environment. However, for juju ssh to work, you need to add the ssh key of the second computer to the Juju environment.

This can be done using juju authorised-keys import lp:some_launchpad_user or juju authorised-keys add <public-key>.


The parameters must match so first you must conform the intro to match the other videos (or vice versa).

Use ffprobe to view differences:

ffprove -loglevel error -show_streams intro.mp4
ffprove -loglevel error -show_streams 1.mp4

Re-encode intro.mp4 to match 1.mp4:

ffmpeg -i intro.mp4 -filter_complex "[0:v]fps=500/21,scale=848:480:force_original_aspect_ratio=increase,crop=848:480,setsar=171/170[v]" -map "[v]" -map 0:a -c:v libx264 -profile:v main -c:a aac -ar 44100 intro_b.mp4

Now use the concat demuxer. Make a text file listing inputs to be concatenated:

file 'intro_b.mp4'
file '1.mp4'

Then concatenate:

ffmpeg -f concat -i input.txt -c copy output.mp4


Enable universe repository

Open dash and type Software sources

then open software sources and click on the the universe repository .

Close and reload cache

Now, you can run:

sudo apt-get install meep h5utils

to install meep. In some cases, you also have to enable the source code option (last option in the figure 2) for meep to be installed.


You can configure the laptop not to suspend when you close the lid using the power management tools from the menu:

  System > Preferences > Power Management

If your laptop has an nVidia graphics card, it may be the open source graphics driver causing the problem.  The open source graphics driver has some power management issues on some laptops.  Try switching to the closed source drivers with the Hardware drivers tool from the menu:

  System > Administration > Additional Drivers

Thank you


I'm not a big fan or user of Ubuntu One, but I'll try to help.  You'll probably need to outline some additional details :

Version of Ubuntu you're running.
Size of folder you're trying to sync.
How are you connected to the internet?  Is this is a home broadband service, or a corporate setting?
Are you using a proxy server to connect to the internet?
Are you using a firewall, hardware or otherwise?  Perhaps one built in to your broadband router (what make is your broadband router)?
Please post the results of running sudo ufw status in a terminal.

You might also benefit from running the (unofficial, I think) gnome-panel indicator applet for Ubuntu One.  Run this to install it :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rye/ubuntuone-extras
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install ubuntuone-indicator

Then run it with ALT-F2 and ubuntuone-indicator.  I think it's in System/Preferences too.
This applet gives you quick access to see what the last file synced was and what Ubuntu One's current status is.

And it sounds like you've already done this, but best check the official FAQ here :
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuOne/FAQ#Files

Finally, if you followed Jorge's link to the Ubuntu One blog, you'll see that there's an official support program in place.  Raise a ticket here :
https://one.ubuntu.com/support/contact/


I too had the same problem but fixed it by removing laptop-mode-tools package by running:

sudo apt remove --purge laptop-mode-tools


How can I easily cd into a flash drive from cli?

It depends, but you can easily find out...

From GUI

...by right-clicking on any of the files or folders inside the drive, and choose > Properties ("Eigenschappen" in Dutch), in nautilus:

As you can see, the directory is

/media/jacob/My Passport

Note that in commands, you need to fix the (possible) space:

/media/jacob/'My Passport'

From cli

run:

lsblk | grep '<drive_name>' | awk -F'part '  '{ print $2 }'

example:

$ lsblk | grep 'My Passport' | awk -F'part ' '{ print $2 }'

outputs:

/media/jacob/My Passport

Again, note that in commands, you need to fix the (possible) space.

CD to the directory in one step

cd "$(lsblk | grep '<drive_name>' | awk -F'part ' '{ print $2 }')"

Where <drive_name> (of course) is the name of your drive.


Subsetting a font from the command line and turning it into a webfont

This is bigger than I originally thought. To do the whole thing, we need some extra tools and some aren't well packaged for Ubuntu. I'm doing the custom installs in ~/src/ —which you'll probably need to create— rather than installing to the system, if only because that's Good Enough™ to get the job done.

sudo apt-get install fontforge python-scour woff-tools build-essential

git clone http://github.com/behdad/fonttools ~/src/fonttools
ln -s ~/src/fonttools/Tools/pyftsubset ~/bin/subset  # vanity symlink

git clone https://github.com/metaflop/ttf2eot.git ~/src/ttf2eot
cd ~/src/ttf2eot
make
cd -

git clone --recursive https://github.com/google/woff2.git ~/src/woff2
cd ~/src/woff2
make clean all
cd -

The next step is working out what unicode characters it is we need. We're going to build a list of characters in the hex format 0x####. Identifying these is just a case of picking through my .less file for the function I use for Font Awesome, but you could do something similar looking for raw content: "..." groups:

perl -n -e '/\.font-awesome..(\w+)/ && print "0xf$1\n"' less/*.less | tail -n+2 | sort -u

Now we have the list,  we can tell FontForge to subset FontAwesome.otf:

~/src/fonttools/Tools/pyftsubset fonts/FontAwesome.otf \
--unicodes-file=<(perl -n -e '/\.font-awesome..(\w+)/ && print "0xf$1\n"' less/sbnew-*.less\
| tail -n+2 | sort -u) --output-file=fonts/fa-subset.otf --no-recommended-glyphs --no-hinting

This creates a new .otf font. We can then recondition that into a set of webfonts:

# generate TTF and SVG
fontforge -lang=pe -script <(echo -e 'Open($1)\nGenerate($1:r + ".ttf")\nGenerate($1:r + "big.svg")') fonts/fa-subset.otf

# Clean up SVG
scour -i fonts/fa-subset.big.svg -o fonts/fa-subset.svg --enable-id-stripping --enable-comment-stripping --shorten-ids

# Create WOFF
sfnt2woff fonts/fa-subset.otf

# Create WOFF2 for most modern browsers
~/src/woff2/woff2_compress fonts/fa-subset.ttf

# Create EOT (eotfast might be better)
~/src/ttf2eot/ttf2eot fonts/fa-subset.ttf > fonts/fa-subset.eot

The result is a much smaller set of fonts. Here's the side-by-side comparison:

-rw-r--r-- 1 oli oli  62K Dec 11  2013 FontAwesome.otf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 oli oli 2.0K Aug 27 15:16 fa-subset.otf

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oli oli  38K Dec 11  2013 fontawesome-webfont.eot
-rw-rw-r-- 1 oli oli 3.1K Aug 27 15:31 fa-subset.eot

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oli oli 198K Dec 11  2013 fontawesome-webfont.svg
-rw-rw-r-- 1 oli oli 4.4K Aug 27 15:37 fa-subset.svg

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oli oli  79K Dec 11  2013 fontawesome-webfont.ttf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 oli oli 2.9K Aug 27 15:22 fa-subset.ttf

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oli oli  44K Dec 11  2013 fontawesome-webfont.woff
-rw-rw-r-- 1 oli oli 1.9K Aug 27 15:25 fa-subset.woff
-rw-rw-r-- 1 oli oli 1.4K Aug 27 16:01 fa-subset.woff2


Boot my Mac into External USB Ubuntu Server 12.10

Try restarting and immediately press and hold the Option key to access Startup Manager, then select your boot device.
Try different usb ports if that doesn't work. Some USB devices have better compatibility than others.

Support.apple page for usb booting


Can't boot into Windows 10 after Installing Ubuntu

So it appears using Boot-Repair and writing Grub into the MBR of the Drive you can turn the UEFI Ubuntu installation into a legacy one.

When Booting up Ubuntu in Legacy Mode now 'os-prober' finds the Windows installation and running 'update-grub' it now adds a menu-entry for windows and I can now Dual boot into Windows and Ubuntu.

The Conclusion and the Lesson learned from this is: Don't Mix UEFI and Legacy Mode OS installs.

Although I don't know if I were to remove the Ubuntu Installation again if my regular Windows Boot Loader would still be working. I don't actually think so.


How to see packages included in Ubuntu kit?

So turns out that, if you mount the DVD (for 13.04 at least), you're going to have a firectory called casper

Inside it, you'll have a file called filesystem.manifest that contains a list of all packages (and their versions) included in the distribution - as far as I can tell.


There's two things you're doing wrong:

You don't need to put an SSH key into MAAS when using Juju, Juju will
handle all that for you.

2.

  Enter file in which to save the key (/home/hsf/.ssh/id_rsa): key

Let it write the file in the default location. Then Juju will find it and use
it.


You don't need to compile NodeJS by yourself. The easiest way to install NodeJS is using the official PPA (which contains the latest version — 4.2.4 as of today).

Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and :

Install curl

sudo apt-get install curl

Install NodeJS :

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_4.x | sudo bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

That's it!


Unable to open .x86_64 or .x86 files on Ubuntu 13.04

You need to mark the file as executable then you can double click it and choose "Run in terminal".
How to mark a file as executable

Right click the file
Choose 'Properties'
Go to the 'Permissions' tab
Tick 'Allow executing this file as a program'
Close the dialog.


Your attempt to ping "ipaddress" doesn't get out in the first place, as it gets dropped in the output chain. Try this:

sudo iptables -F
sudo iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A INPUT -s ipaddress -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A INPUT -j DROP
sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -d ipaddress -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -j DROP
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -j DROP

Note that you may or may not need to allow some other minimal traffic for your system to actually work properly. See this other answer.


There was a recent post on SuperSite for Windows that discussed how to get a clean ISO for Windows 7.

http://winsupersite.com/windows-7/legally-download-clean-windows-7-iso-directly-microsoft

Hopefully that will get you what you need. As an aside, you could boot in to linux from a USB drive and there are some recovery tools that you could use to recover files if there's anything that you would really like to get back. It is not a perfect science, so don't get your hopes up too much but it's worth checking out.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DataRecovery


Check and verify the root directory is readible.

The output of "ls /" should give you this for the root directory:

drwx------  15 root     root    4096 Apr 19 11:35 root

You can set the proper permissions with:

sudo chmod 0700 /root


How do I get the super key working properly in Emacs?

The issue is related to the capital/lower case S.

S as a modifier refers to Shift whereas s refers to super.

C-S-RET means Ctrl+Shift+RET in this case (and others referencing C-S-<key> rather than Ctrl+super+RET.


How to add Byobu as a Favorite in the Gnome Shell favorites bar

The below solution has been tested on 18.04:

Check the content of the /usr/share/applications folder. There should be a file named byobu.desktop. If there is none, create one, with the following content:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Byobu Terminal
Comment=Advanced Command Line and Text Window Manager
Icon=byobu
Exec=gnome-terminal --app-id us.kirkland.terminals.byobu -e byobu
Type=Application
Categories=GNOME;GTK;Utility;
X-GNOME-Gettext-Domain=byobu

Install dconf-editor if you don't have it.

sudo apt-get install dconf-editor

Now run dconf-editor, navigate to org/gnome/shell/favorite-apps with it.  And add 'byobu.desktop' to the Custom value array.

Voilà!


Chances are very small that you encounter anyone with the same printer here, so I'll give a generic advice: try looking in the directory /etc/cups/ppd/. Most likely you will find a ppd file which corresponds to your printer. Different outputmodes may be defined in that file, and you could (after saving a backup copy of the original file) try to add a line which does what you want if the syntax of the other modes is clear.


Can't install Ubuntu on unallocated space (Lenovo with Windows 10)

You've got a single SSD/HDD set up in RAID mode, and the Ubuntu installer won't recognize your SSD/HDD until you switch your disk controller setting in the BIOS from RAID to AHCI.

Making that switch comes with some problems though, as Windows will no longer boot.

You don't need to reinstall Windows...

Below, you'll find two different ways to solve this problem.

Make sure to have a backup of your important Windows files!

Choice #1: Looking at this article https://samnicholls.net/2016/01/14/how-to-switch-sata-raid-to-ahci-windows-10-xps-13/ will show you how to make the change without having to reinstall Windows.

Boot to Windows with your current SATA controller configuration
Open Device Manager
Expand Storage Controllers and identify the Intel SATA RAID Controller
View properties of the identified controller
On the Driver tab, click the Update driver… button
Browse my computer…, Let me pick…
Uncheck Show compatible hardware
Select Microsoft as manufacturer
Select Microsoft Storage Spaces Controller as model #
Accept that Windows cannot confirm that this driver is compatible
Save changes, reboot to BIOS and change RAID SATA Controller to AHCI
Save changes and reboot normally, hopefully to Windows

Now you should be able to install Ubuntu in a dual-boot configuration.

Choice #2: See http://triplescomputers.com/blog/uncategorized/solution-switch-windows-10-from-raidide-to-ahci-operation/

Right-click the Windows Start Menu. Choose Command Prompt (Admin).
If you don’t see Command Prompt listed, it’s because you have already been updated to a later version of Windows.  If so, use this method instead to get to the Command Prompt:

Click the Start Button and type cmd
Right-click the result and select Run as administrator

Type this command and press ENTER: bcdedit /set {current} safeboot minimal

If this command does not work for you, try bcdedit /set safeboot minimal

Restart the computer and enter BIOS Setup (the key to press varies between systems).
Change the SATA Operation mode to AHCI from either IDE or RAID (again, the language varies).
Save changes and exit Setup and Windows will automatically boot to Safe Mode.
Right-click the Windows Start Menu once more. Choose Command Prompt (Admin)
Type this command and press ENTER: bcdedit /deletevalue {current} safeboot

If you had to try the alternate command above, you will likely need to do so here also: bcdedit /deletevalue safeboot

Reboot once more and Windows will automatically start with AHCI drivers enabled.


Cannot connect to a working VPN through Network indicator?

When the VPN doesn't connect kindly:

1)Ping the VPN server to ensure it is available.

2) Confirm your Internet provider or your computer's firewall settings are still configured to permit traffic to and from your VPN. If you are using PPTP protocol, TCP Port 1723 and GRE Protocol 47 must be opened/enabled and for L2TP ensure UDP port 1701 is not blocked.

3) Confirm that the ISP or firewall settings will allow traffic on UDP ports 500 and 4500 if using IKEv2 for the VPN tunnel.

Hope it could help to narrow down the diagnosis.


Open your terminal and type these lines one by one in your terminal.

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:n-muench/calibre
  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get install calibre


Can i customize the password prompt window/box( to perform administrative tasks)?

You can not freely change the dialog;

It is a normal GUI window of the program gksudo.
But depending on your needs, it may be good enough to customize the gtk theme for that window.
That would not allow to change the window's shape, but supports various changes in spacing, fonts, colors and sizes of UI elements (it may not be easy to do).

You could possibly find an alternative to gksudo to replace it, though.


Why is Ubuntu Music Streaming not available for Android, except for Google Play?

The APK is available on the downloads page for the Launchpad project.


Where to find touchpad settings in Ubuntu 13.10?

If you type xinput list you should see something like that:

Virtual core pointer                        id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
↳ PS/2 Synaptics TouchPad                   id=11   [slave  pointer  (2)]
↳  USB OPTICAL MOUSE                        id=13   [slave  pointer  (2)]
Virtual core keyboard                       id=3    [master keyboard (2)]
(...)

Can you see your touchpad on the list? If yes try

xinput set-prop [id device number from above] "Device Enabled" 1

Then check if touchpad appears on "Mouse & Touchpad" tab on "System Settings". For more specific input (like Two-Finger Scrolling etc)  check this wiki here.

Note that to me it did NOT work (even though from times to times it does appear on "Mouse & Touchpad" tab)!!  I am in the direr situation where my touchpad (Toshiba Satellite laptop with Ubuntu 13.10) does not respond at all and I have to use an external mouse all the time. It seems it is a bug that still Ubuntu team hasn't fixed.

Give it a try and let me know what happened - it's not going to harm your system after all.

Also, check this SynapticsTouchpad and this synaptiks.management – Touchpad management webpages.


Changing the Colour of GNOME (GDM) Login Box on Ubuntu 18.04

in Ubuntu 18.04 by default the login-screen uses /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css file..

the Orange color #dd4814 is from this portion

.login-dialog-user-list {
  spacing: 12px;
  padding: .2em;
  width: 23em; }
  .login-dialog-user-list:expanded .login-dialog-user-list-item:selected {
    background-color: #dd4814;
    color: #ffffff; }
  .login-dialog-user-list:expanded .login-dialog-user-list-item:logged-in {
    border-right: 2px solid #dd4814; }

you can edit the color according to your preferences in above field..

i have configured it to blue color


What is the 'Sound Settings' program's name in Ubuntu

In GNOME audio settings are controlled by the GNOME Control Center

gnome-control-center sound

GNOME is not installed by default in Xubuntu. You can access audio settings by installing the package pavucontrol for controlling sound settings without GNOME dependencies:


Ubuntu Installation Help? - "The system is running low-graphics mode"

Please execute the commands below and reboot.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current nvidia-settings

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia linux-headers-generic

I think this is because it's using a fail safe and going to the default graphics config...

or use this link https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Bumblebee


Just enter your password, nothing is reflected on the screen as you type.


Why would installing one unity-scope remove ubuntu-desktop?

Install aptitude if you don't have it installed:

sudo apt install aptitude

Then run:

aptitude why-not unity-scope-github

It will give you an output like:

i   unity            Depends   unity-scope-home
i A unity-scope-home Conflicts unity-scope-github

So we can see that unity depends on unity-scope-home, and unity-scope-home is in conflict with unity-scope-github.

The other packages of yours also are a part of these dependencies, e.g: if you run:

apt-cache depends unity-tweak-tool

You will find out that it depends on unity .

And about the session-shortcuts, If you run:

apt-cache rdepends session-shortcuts

You will get:

session-shortcuts
Reverse Depends:
  unity
  unity

That means this package was installed by unity, and now that unity is going to be removed, you no longer need it.


Limits are restored to the defaults after I reboot

You can edit the file /etc/security/limits.conf as follow:

# memlock = memorylocked
* hard memlock unlimited

# nproc = maximum number of processes
* hard nproc unlimited

The first column define who the limit will be apply to:

* - Apply the limit to everyone, as shown in example above.

<user name> - Apply limit to specific user.

@<group name> - Apply limit to all users in specific group.

You can access the man page with man limits.conf.


To elaborate on oldfred's comment:

Computer manufacturers rapidly switched from BIOS-based to UEFI-based firmware beginning in mid-to-late 2011. Just about any computer that shipped with Windows 8 used UEFI, because Microsoft required a UEFI-only feature, Secure Boot, for manufacturers to claim their hardware was certified for Windows. Although there were some holdouts (mostly servers and a few bare motherboards), almost any new x86 or x86-64 computer or motherboard you buy today will have EFI firmware. It's conceivable that your board is configured to boot in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode, but is EFI-based, so changing a firmware setting may be what you need to do.
EFIs use boot loaders stored on the EFI System Partition (ESP) and pointers to those boot loaders stored in NVRAM. Thus, transferring a hard disk from one EFI-based computer to another may result in the disk not booting in its new computer. There are several ways to work around this problem, such as:

You can copy a boot manager (probably GRUB, EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi) to the fallback filename of EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi on the ESP.
You can re-create the NVRAM entry. This is a better solution than the preceding one, but doing it requires that you know how to use efibootmgr (in Linux), bcdedit or EasyUEFI (in Windows), bcfg (in an EFI shell), or other similar tools. See this question for one example of using efibootmgr. (The question got one detail wrong that caused the questioner problems, as noted in my answer, but is otherwise a good template.) You can use efibootmgr from an Ubuntu installation disk in its "try before installing" mode.
You can use Boot Repair. This tool is overkill for this situation, but it's likely to be easier than using efibootmgr or a similar tool. Note that if you boot your recovery system in BIOS mode, it will try to install a BIOS mode of GRUB, which will be partially helpful at best, so you should be sure you know how to boot in EFI mode before trying this approach.
A final option is to use my rEFInd boot manager. Put on a USB flash drive or CD-R, this tool should boot any EFI boot loader it finds. You can use it indefinitely this way, but it's better to use rEFInd on a removable disk as a temporary emergency tool; boot into the OS of your choice and use the tool of your preference to repair or re-install your boot loader.

If your new motherboard is an old BIOS-based one, then it's old enough that you might want to consider ditching it for a new one. If that's out of the question, though, then there are several options:

You can wipe the disk and re-install everything. This is the easiest approach to explain, and probably to do, but it will also be painful, especially if you have no backups and no means to make them. Note, however, that the other options are likely to be risky, so you'd be well advised to obtain the means to make a backup before proceeding with any of them -- and once you've got the backup, wiping the disk and re-installing becomes less painful.
You can convert the disk from GPT to MBR form and install new Windows and Ubuntu (GRUB) boot loaders. My gdisk tool (which comes standard with Ubuntu) can do the GPT-to-MBR conversion, as described here. You can use Boot Repair to install a BIOS-mode GRUB. Getting Windows to boot will be trickier, though. I recommend you ask about this aspect on a Windows forum.
I recently ran across this procedure that claims to enable booting Windows in BIOS mode from a GPT disk. I have not tried this procedure! I present a pointer to it only in case you're willing to study it and try it on your own. If you get it to work, you could then use Boot Repair to get Ubuntu working, too -- but you'll likely need to create a small (~1MiB) BIOS Boot Partition.
If you're really adventurous, you could try using DUET or Clover on your BIOS-based computer. These are essentially EFIs implemented as BIOS boot loaders; they enable BIOS-based computers to use EFI boot loaders and OSes. Note that Clover is better supported, and is likely to be the better one to use; but it's essentially a Hackintosh boot loader, so some of its tools, file formats, etc., are intended for use with macOS, which may make it difficult to get started with it. IIRC, there's an .iso image you might use to get started. Note also that these tools don't work on all computers. In my experience, they're more likely to work on Intel-based computers than on AMD-based machines.
With any of these approaches, you may have problems with the Windows license, as oldfred noted -- but maybe there's a legitimate way around that. (Like oldfred, I strongly recommend against using a pirated Windows!) Ask about it on a Windows forum.

Thus, you do have options; but if your computer truly is BIOS-based, those options are either expensive (new motherboard) or risky and time-consuming. I've tried to be complete in my listing of options; I'm not really enthusiastic about any of those BIOS-only options, except perhaps wiping the disk clean and re-installing everything. If your new motherboard is actually EFI-based, you're better off, but you'll still need to use some recovery tools to get it working.


how to increase swap memory in ubuntu 14.04

You must decide which directory with enough space to create the swap file, you suppose is in /, (/swapfile).

Open a terminal,Press Ctrl+Alt+T

Run it for 2 Gb (bs=2048):

sudo -i
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=2048 count=256k
mkswap /swapfile
swapon /swapfile

Now You can ensure that the swap is permanent by adding it to the fstab file.

Continue running in the terminal:

nano /etc/fstab

Change the line:

UUID=c9eb230e-ab85-4bc0-b24f-06caeac4d953 none            swap    sw              0       0

To:

 /swapfile       none    swap    sw      0       0

Ctrl + O, save file. Ctrl + X, close nano.

Continue running:

echo 10 | tee /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
echo vm.swappiness = 10 | tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
chown root:root /swapfile
chmod 0600 /swapfile
reboot

That's all.


Your problem is that you are not able to resolve keyserver.ubuntu.com, see this line in your error:

  keyserver.ubuntu.com: Host not found

Testing it locally here suggests no issue with the hostname generally, but perhaps something up with your nameserver?

host keyserver.ubuntu.com
keyserver.ubuntu.com has address 91.189.89.49
keyserver.ubuntu.com has address 91.189.90.55

Worst case scenario you can manually add an address to your /etc/hosts file to workaround the problem and then figure it out later.  FYI, there can be issues with connecting to the keyserver with proxies and the like, see my answers on this (and others) over on SuperUser.


You can try what is described here:
Lenovo g5030 not having any hardware switch for wifi or bluetooth after installing ubuntu 14.04

basically try to write this in terminal:

sudo rmmod ideapad_laptop

if it works, the for make it permanent try:

echo "blacklist ideapad_laptop" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ideapad.conf

for me it worked flawlessly...


Conky: Grabbed text has multiple lines and does not align

One solution is to split the output of u1sdtool --cur with grep:

u1sdtool --cur | grep 'Current uploads:'
u1sdtool --cur | grep 'Current downloads:'

Your conkyrc would look like:

${goto 55}${font Ubuntu:size=10,weight:normal}${color}U1 SYNC
${goto 55}${font Ubuntu:size=10,weight:normal}${color1}${exec u1sdtool --cur | grep 'Current uploads:' }
${goto 55}${font Ubuntu:size=10,weight:normal}${color1}${exec u1sdtool --cur | grep 'Current downloads:' }

I will suggest to use execi instead to exec because exec is resource hungry. for more details:

man conky


It might be a BIOS bug, try unplugging the power cord for 30 seconds, then back in (or removing the battery in case of a laptop).


If you want to go for a more flexible and advanced way of sharing your Ubuntu's folders to Windows 7, check this out: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/How%20to%20Create%20a%20Network%20Share%20Via%20Samba%20Via%20CLI%20%28Command-line%20interface/Linux%20Terminal%29%20-%20Uncomplicated,%20Simple%20and%20Brief%20Way!


Should I reorder partitions regarding performance

Only the transfer rate does vary over the whole capacity of the harddrive, but not the access time. In pratice, the access time is much more important than the sequential read/write speed. I doubt that you would see a real performance increase during you normal usage.

If you're reinstalling anyway, I would put the most performance-critical partitions to the beginning. I would not repartition just for the reordering, it's too much effort for too little gain.


How can I allow SSH into my computer when I'm away?

The proposal in your question is completely correct.

You need to install the OpenSSH server (sudo apt install openssh-server) and then set up port-forwarding on your router. You will, of course, also need to add an exception in your local computer's firewall configuration for SSH.

It's also usually advised you force public-key authentication instead of using a password for added security.

Also note that you should set up a static IP address, just so your port-forwarding config doesn't break at an inopportune time because of DHCP. While most routers will tend to let your computer keep your IP address, this is not always a valid solution and does not account for temporary connection drops. It's typically better to build in a static NAT IP to just have the guarantee that it will work.

When you're out and about, you will just be able to SSH to your public IP, and you'll be able to get to your computer. You may also look into using a Dynamic DNS provider to assign a domain name to your router, so any IP changes pushed by your ISP will also not affect your connection.

Note that there are (very minor) security implications of opening a server to worldwide SSH. Mostly, this will cause your server to be pinged a few times by automated bots attempting to find poorly-secured servers. Not using a standard username (like admin) and key-based authentication will almost always keep them out. If you're really concerned, you can use a port other than 22 (though smart bots or humans will try an nmap if port 22 is closed), use Fail2Ban, or both. Assuming proper security protocols are in place, the absolute worst attack that a malicious bot can pull off is to write a decent number of log entries to your hard drive.

If you're one of those unlucky individuals between multiple layers of NAT (some ISPs will do something called Carrier-Grade NAT), this becomes much more involved. You will either need a VPN or some other means of proxying your SSH tunnel. Of course, you may also be able to request a port from your ISP, though success may vary.


Ubuntu 13.10 as a bluetooth audio sink for A2DP supported TV

Try changing your COD (class of device) in main.conf.

During the Bluetooth discovery process, certain devices may "see" your device but will not ennumerate it in their list of available devices because it is not advertising the major or minor class that the remote device is looking for. In this case you would probably want to change your laptop cod to something that traditionally has an audio sink role, such as a speaker or headset so your TV will ennummerate it in its list. See the Bluetooth SIG assigned numbers for reference.


From the FAQ:

Why is my battery charged up to 100% – ignoring the charge thresholds?
Possible causes are:
Laptop is not a ThinkPad
Battery charge thresholds and recalibration work with ThinkPads only.
tp-smapi is not installed
…
Installation of package tp-smapi-dkms fails (Ubuntu)
…
Kernel module tp_smapi is not loaded
Symptom: tlp-stat -b shows
tp-smapi = inactive (kernel module 'tp_smapi' load error)

Solution: try to load manually with
sudo modprobe -v tp_smapi

and check tp-smapi Troubleshooting for a solution matching the error message or use adequate forums to resolve your issue with tp-smapi.
tp-smapi does not support the following models:

ThinkPad SL300/400/500
ThinkPad X121e (AMD)
ThinkPad T430(s), T530, W530, X230 and all newer models – see according section below.

…
ThinkPad T420(s)/T520/W520/X220
tp-smapi doesn't support start threshold and recalibration on Sandy Bridge generation ThinkPads. Symptoms are:
tlp-stat -b shows
/sys/devices/platform/smapi/BAT0/start_charge_thresh = (not available)

tlp setcharge or fullcharge shows the message
start => Warning: cannot set threshold.

tlp discharge or recalibrate show the message
Error: discharge function not available for this ThinkPad model.

Solution: TLP automatically uses tpacpi-bat when the kernel module acpi_call is available, see Installation.
ThinkPad T430(s)/T530/W530/X230 (or newer models)
Solution: TLP automatically uses tpacpi-bat when the kernel module acpi_call is available, see Installation.
Battery has been removed
By removing (and re-inserting) the battery the charge thresholds are reset to factory settings (96 / 100%). To restore TLP's settings the following two steps are needed:

Restart system
Shutdown and power off system

or use
sudo tlp setcharge

See Change Battery Charge Thresholds.
Charge thresholds shown by tlp-stat do not correspond to the configured ones
Possible causes are:
Configuration was not activated
After changes to the configuration it is necessary to reboot. Alternatively use
sudo tlp start

or
sudo tlp setcharge

to activate the thresholds.
ThinkPad Edge (E/S) series, L series, SL410/510
On these models the threshold values shown by tlp-stat do not correspond to the written values. For example the setting START_CHARGE_THRESH_BATx=75 / STOP_CHARGE_THRESH_BATx=80 shows 75 / 74. The described behavior is caused by the firmware, not by TLP. Nonetheless the charge thresholds work as configured.


Retain only dependencies of a given package

Have you followed the instruction as mentions here:
http://mininet.org/download/
 you should try Option 1: to install successfully.

and it got fresh VM for mininet only :

https://bitbucket.org/mininet/mininet-vm-images/downloads

Try to use the Virtual Box and this VM for mininet.


Windows 7 iso bootable usb - will it install ok on ubuntu 17.04

Is there anything I need to do to ensure windows installs correctly on
  my laptop?

No, just make sure that you install all of the drivers for the hardware afterwards.

  Is it possible to set up dual OS with Windows 7/Ubuntu?

Yes. In this case you will need to install Windows first and then Ubuntu second, and choose Install alongside Windows 7 in the installer.


How should been set permissions for / , /home etc. freshly after instalation of ubuntu?

What command did you run exactly ? If you ran it recursively you will have to reinstall. If you simply ran sudo chmod 777 /home it can be fixed

sudo chmod 755 /home
sudo chmod 755 /

In the future, rather then changing ownership and permissions of system files, use sudo or gksu

gksu nautilus

See also https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo


I believe that you have created the USB drive in an incorrect way. To create a bootable USB drive, follow the steps outlined here:  https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu#1-overview


1 Partition

The easiest and user-friendly way is probably to use gparted after you have installed your new HDD and boot your machine:

sudo gparted

Then you create partitions, by setting their size and type.
Hint: since your hard drive is additional storage space, you probably want to create one single big partition with the type of ext4.

gparted is a very easy to use tool, and yet very advanced.

2 Mount

After you are done creating your partitions (most likely it will be just one ext4 data partition, since this is your additional storage drive), you need to permanently mount it.

At this step you already know what names your new partition(-s) have. If not sure, following command will remind you about existing drives and partitions on them:

sudo fdisk -l

This will output something like this (intentionally skipped /dev/sda system drive info):

Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes
....

Disk /dev/sdb: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000814e3

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  Syste
/dev/sdb1               1      243201  1953512001   83  Linux

Output states, that your new partition is /dev/sdb1. Now you need to mount it to utilize it's precious space. To achieve this, you need to perform three simple steps:

2.1 Create a mount point

sudo mkdir /hdd

2.2 Edit /etc/fstab

Open /etc/fstab file with root permissions:

sudo vim /etc/fstab

And add following to the end of the file:

/dev/sdb1    /hdd    ext4    defaults    0    0

2.3 Mount partition

Last step and you're done!

sudo mount /hdd

Links

fdisk partitioning tutorial, command line alternative.
GParted tutorial.


Is it possible to remap PrevTab and NextTab to  and  on Chrome/Brave?

I found a way to do it. There is a nice extension called Shortkeys that costs 2 usd and allows remapping PrevTab and NextTab on Chrome. It is a fair ask so I highly recommend buying it to support the developer. For some reason, though, I didn't manage to install it on Brave: I get a "not authorized" error when installing it. Fortunately, the code is open source so we can build it manually.
git clone https://github.com/mikecrittenden/shortkeys
cd shortkeys
npm i
npm run build chrome

This will place a shortkeys.v3.0.8.chrome.zip file on the shortkeys/packages directory. Unzip that file on the same directory. There should be a shortkeys/packages/manifest.json file now. Then open brave, type brave://extensions on the url bar, activate "developer mode" on the top/right corner, click "load unpacked" on the top/left corner, navigate to the shortkeys/packages directory and press enter. The extension should now be added. Now go to brave://extensions/shortcuts and remap the keys you want to.


The installer encountered an unrecoverable error and will now reboot

Follow these steps to fix the problem:

TRY Ubuntu from USB or CD
Open terminal, and type:

sudo apt-get remove ubiquity-slideshow-ubuntu

Start the installation


How to install R package in ubuntu 14.04.03?

Judging from https://cran.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu/, the correct url seems to be

deb https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/linux/ubuntu trusty/

The information on your page seems to be outdated.

Edit: In order to install packages from this repository, you'll need to add the public key they're signed with. Most conveniently, this is done with the following command:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys E084DAB9

This is also described in the link above. If this procedure does not work, please read the point Secure APT


xfce4-xkb-plugin can show you all installed keyboard layouts if you install more than two.  Not on the center of the screen though.  You'll be able to see them under the country flag when you click on it.

On Xubuntu it's preinstalled normally, so the only thing you have to do is add it to a panel.  If it's not installed, use sudo apt-get install xfce4-xkb-plugin to install it and then add it to a panel.


How to activate a virtual environment in Ubuntu?

You need to install python3-venv:
sudo apt install python3-venv

Then:
python3 -m venv vvv
source vvv/bin/activate


How can I embed subtitles into a movie file?

Short answer
You could use mkvmerge (apt-get install mkvtoolnix) to create a Matroska container and include the subtitles in the output:
mkvmerge -o output.mkv input.mp4 subtitle0.srt subtitle1.srt

This does not require re-encoding, so it is pretty fast.
Further customization
You may set the language and name of each subtitle track:
mkvmerge -o output.mkv input.mp4 \
    --language 0:en --track-name 0:English english_subtitles.srt
    --language 0:es --track-name 0:Español spanish_subtitles.srt

Note that we used for both languages the same track ID (0:), which corresponds to the input video track.
The --language needs to be properly encoded. You can list all allowed ISO 639-2 and ISO 639-1 codes with:
mkvmerge --list-languages

Other useful features
You may also set the title of the output video with:
--title "Your title"

We can check how all subtitles were added to the output:
$ mkvmerge -i output.mkv
File 'output.mkv': container: Matroska
Track ID 0: video (MPEG-4p10/AVC/H.264)
Track ID 1: audio (AAC)
Track ID 2: subtitles (SubRip/SRT)
Track ID 3: subtitles (SubRip/SRT)

If you really want to "burn" the subtitles in the video, you may use ffmpeg instead.


Why does unicode in a file name cause 'find' to add input to the terminal?

Certain escape sequences query the terminal (or terminal emulator) for certain parameters (such as version, features, current state). These, by design, can only answer by sending the response as an escape sequence as if it was typed by the user.

To try it out, execute e.g.

 echo -ne '\e[c'; sleep 100

and see ^[[?62;c (i.e. an ESC followed by literal [?62;c) appearing, and backspace erasing it while sleep is running, exactly as if you typed this.

An alternate form of this particular escape sequence, using the C1 control code rather than the default C0, which is only supported by some terminal emulators if used in UTF-8, is:

echo -ne '\xC2\x9Bc'; sleep 100

(See the beginning of ctlseqs.html why xterm does not support these.)

Any application emitting such an escape is expected to wait for the response and act on it accordingly. Otherwise they should be careful enough not to produce such output.

For me (Ubuntu 18.04), find recognizes both of these and replaces them with question marks, to make sure they are not sent as-is to the terminal. You might be using an older version of find in an older Ubuntu, which did not yet properly filter these out, or you might be encountering a different escape sequence which is not filtered out (in this latter case we should file a bugreport against findutils). We'd need to know the exact filename (exact sequence of bytes) to continue investigating.

UPDATE: I've just discovered and filed a relevant bug: https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?54236. Not sure if you're hitting this one.


Synergy Keyboard and Mouse: Client or Server?

Now, assuming I'll have no trouble installing it (big if?),

It took me something like 10 minutes connecting 2 Ubuntu desktops and a Windows 7 desktop with an Ubuntu VM in it at work.

1 thing you must make sure: use the SAME version on all machines.

  my question is which to make the server and which the client? ... If it helps, the Windows machine has my email, web and light data work, the Lenovo Ubuntu install will be the data wrangling workhorse. My instinct says to make Lenovo the server, since the laptop has its built-in keyboard.

It really does not matter. I would take the one that you use the most since if you want to tinker with it you will need that machine. The clients just need the software and an  IP adres to probe. The server also needs a lay-out (on where you can reach the screens).

Regarding the keyboard: I have an extra keyboard and screen and all the notebooks are closed.


bluetooth keyboard connected but not working

Try updating your Wacom kernel driver:

http://linuxwacom.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Input-wacom

and your Wacom X driver:

http://linuxwacom.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Xf86-input-wacom

More likely it is your X driver in this case so you may want to try that first.


Where is the command `gnome-display-properties`

You can use:

gnome-control-center display

See man gnome-control-center for more info.


Wecam not working in Ubuntu 19.10 on XPS 13 [9343]

This probably isn't the solution to your problem, but I'll post it here anyway in case it helps someone else.
I have an XPS 13 9343 with Ubuntu 20.04, and the integrated webcam wasn't detected. Turned out I had to enable it in UEFI.
(Note that it had worked before, and I did not actively disabled it.)


I can not control Banshee from the sound menu in Gnome 3 Shell

Banshee's Sound Menu extension is specifically for Ubuntu's sound menu.

Banshee doesn't currently make use of the playback controls in Gnome Shell's message tray and notifications.  That feature is Bug 645628 if you're interested in following the progress.

However, as Gamx points out below, even if this isn't possible out-of-the-box with Banshee, there are third-party solutions.

Webupd8's PPA provides a gnome-shell-extensions-mediaplayer extension that allows you to control various media players -- including Banshee -- using the controls in Gnome Shell.  To learn more about Personal Package Archives, see this question on Ask Ubuntu.  To install the Gnome-shell extension, in terminal type:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/gnome3
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gnome-shell-extensions-mediaplayer


How could I translate VLC into Norwegian (bokmaal)?

From man vlc I have found this documentation link (at the end of the man page). There I've looked for "Contribute" and finally landed on the translation page. It refers to a howto which should be followed to translate into a new language.

However, it seems to me that there is already a maintainer for "Norwegian Bokmål". You might want to contact him first.


apt-get update updates the package manager cache of what packages are available.  apt-get upgrade upgrades packages that are already installed to newer versions.  Neither upgrades to a new release.  For that you need to either use the gui update manager, or do-release-upgrade.

You also can not skip releases except from LTS to LTS, so you must first upgrade to 11.10, then to 12.04.


Upgrade release - with fallback options, or do it virtually

/sys /dev etc. temp and memdisk fs will not be on your backup as dd will make the dump from the disk only as of the raw read. What will change is the temporary files made to /var/run etc that will remain on your dump. Yes a disk or usb boot could help to override this.


Unable to insall libgtk2.0-dev on ubuntu 12.04

Try installing all of them at the same time, like this:

sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev libpango1-dev libcairo2-dev libfontconfig1-dev


Is there much difference between 7.51 (which is in Oneiric repositories) and 7.52? You can install 7.51-3 just by typing

sudo apt-get install alien-arena

or from Software Center


Ubuntu live dvd spins down during boot on 2007 macbook

Given a dozen tries it worked, I guess with a machine that old and/or dammaged I need to consider alternative ways of installing or buy an external drive


Assign flatpak run org.chromium.Chromium to an alias

Append
alias chromium="flatpak run org.chromium.Chromium"

to your ~/.bashrc file
e.g. by running
echo "alias chromium="flatpak run org.chromium.Chromium"" >> ~/.bashrc


Incomprehensible output using passwd distractedly

The information you need is in the man page for sudo (emphasis mine):
     -l, --list  If no command is specified, list the allowed (and forbidden)
                 commands for the invoking user (or the user specified by the
                 -U option) on the current host.  A longer list format is used
                 if this option is specified multiple times and the security
                 policy supports a verbose output format.

                 If a command is specified and is permitted by the security
                 policy, the fully-qualified path to the command is displayed
                 along with any command line arguments.  If command is speci‐
                 fied but not allowed, sudo will exit with a status value of
                 1.
So, sudo -l is telling you that your user is permitted to execute /usr/bin/passwd.


You have to install necessary NetCDF development package for fortran by
sudo apt-add-repository universe
sudo apt-get install libnetcdff-dev

and then retry building your application.


I would suggest you to try arandr utility.
Install it:

sudo apt-get install arandr

Then launch it. You will be able to configure your monitors with graphical utility.


Automatically move mouse to focused window

I just had the same need and ended up here looking for a solution to the problem.
As it doesn't seem like something that anybody else solved anywhere else, I used my basic shell skills to create the following script, which does the job using xdotool:
# Get geometry information of the currently active window.
GEOMETRY=`xdotool getwindowgeometry $(xdotool getactivewindow)`
# Extract information about the dimensions of the window and divide
# both of them by 2.
DIMENSIONS=$(echo "$GEOMETRY" | grep -Po "[0-9]+x[0-9]+")
X=$(echo $DIMENSIONS | sed 's/x[0-9]\+//g')
Y=$(echo $DIMENSIONS | sed 's/[0-9]\+x//g')
X=$(expr $X / 2)
Y=$(expr $Y / 2)
# Move the mouse cursor to the middle of the active window.
xdotool mousemove -w $(xdotool getactivewindow) $X $Y

I've put this in a file and added a custom keyboard shortcut that runs it.


How to take screenshot of an X11 based GUI from a text terminal (such as tty1)?

In addition to the existing answers, to display the screenshot in ASCII in the terminal:

xwd -root -display :0 | convert - jpg:- | jp2a - --colors

(Requires x11-apps for xwd, imagemagick for convert and jp2a.)


Login loop Ubuntu 18.04 after installing packages

I resolved my problem by removing the file /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-mtrack.conf just as @CharlesGreen suggested.


Self-compiled .deb package and apt-get upgrade

You can override the check with an apt preference.
For example (change release as applicable):
Create in /etc/apt/preferences.d/nginx-custom

Package: nginx
Pin: release n=yakkety
Pin-Priority: -1

# This will cause nginx to be ignored and use the locally compiled version only

I use this technique with a custom ffmpeg compilation similar to your nginx need.


Ubuntu 12.10 Wireless internet works but wired internet with Ethernet doesn't

download this file:

http://www.orbit-lab.org/kernel/compat-wireless-3-stable/v3.6/compat-wireless-3.6.6-1-snpc.tar.bz2

and write following commands in terminal

tar -xvf compat-wireless-3.6.6-1-snpc.tar.bz2
cd ccompat-wireless-3.6.6-1-snpc
scripts/driver-select alx
sudo make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe alx


Install proprietary graphics driver for GeForce GTX 620 graphics card in 18.04

Remove all the nvidia packages.
sudo apt update
sudo apt remove '^nvidia'
sudo apt autoremove

If you have added an Nvidia PPA to /etc/apt/sources.list remove that PPA by prefacing its line in sources.list with a # to comment it out. Run sudo apt update to refresh the list of available software.

Reboot with sudo reboot

Run the following command to install the correct proprietary Nvidia driver.
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall && sudo reboot

The autoinstall command of ubuntu-drivers installs drivers that are appropriate for automatic installation including their dependencies.


Installed wrong OS need to install 32 bit

You should do a full install of a 32 bit cd or DVD.

Go here: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop

Under the tick box "Choose your flavor" make sure you choose 32 bit.

After download, just install it like you did before, overwriting the partitions you have choosed for the 64 bits.


Fresh install of ubuntu zesty server from dvd not upgradeable

I am posting this in case the solution to my issue should prove helpful to someone else with the same issue who might happen upon this question here.

Thanks to the extensive assistance given to me by @HiAngel in chat we were able to focus this to a networking issue.

During install of Ubuntu zesty server from DVD the installer did not detect an internet connection so was unable to update and upgrade during installation. After installation I tried to upgrade using

  sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

but could not connect to us.archive.ubuntu.com

The solution was to manually edit using 'sudo vim' (since I did not install a GUI) the /etc/network/interfaces file.

The file was lacking a line for 'gateway' and for 'dns-nameserver'

I after locating the IP adresses for my provider's nameservers, I added the line

  dns-nameservers (I inserted a list here)

Using the output from

  ip route | grep default

I added a line

  gateway (I added IP address followed for good measure the strings produced by the ip route default)

I rebooted and then had no problem with update & upgrade.


Fixed it by creating a build folder in ssr directory


Immortal start and watch process from sh file

Ok, being an sh file the solution was:

immortal -l ./play-log.txt /bin/sh -c "./play.sh"

or without log

immortal /bin/sh -c "./play.sh"


How do I get another key binding for Alt+PrintScreen?

Just to put @Glutanimate comment as an answer:

Head to:

System Settings

Keyboard

Shortcuts

Screenshots

Once there modify your shortcuts.


Your computer doesn't have to read it at that moment, so ignore that message.
Also, you can't use bootcamp for Ubuntu, bootcamp is only for Windows.

Anyway, it's a bad idea to install Ubuntu on a Mac using a CD since that creates a wrong type of install.

This is how to install Ubuntu correctly on your Mac:

Grab an USB stick and format it as FAT using Disk Utility. If it already is FAT, still format it so it's free of data. WARNING, ALL FILES ON THE USB STICK WILL BE LOST (but that's obvious)
Plug out all of your USB drives (if you have them) except the USB stick you just formatted.
Download UNetbootin.
Launch UNetbootin, enter admin password when prompted, click the round button next to the word ISO, click ... , select the ISO.
Click OK.
Wait until a message that the USB stick will not boot of a Mac appears. Ignore it. Click exit.
Turn off your Mac with the USB stick still in it
Turn on your Mac while pressing the ALT key.
Choose "EFI Boot" in the menu that appears.
Ubuntu installer appears! You can now install Ubuntu. Don't pull out the USB stick until the installation is done.
(OPTIONAL BUT RECOMMENDED) When installed, it's a good idea to launch the Additional Drivers program to install additional graphics drivers (but avoid the expirimental ones). This will increase performance and battery life.

To choose whether to boot to Mac OS X or Ubuntu during startup, hold the ALT key while turning on your Mac. This will show a menu where you can choose a partition to boot from.


How to check who installed what in the system?

You can check your package selections (install packages) using:

dpkg-query -l

Read more: https://wiki.debian.org/ListInstalledPackages

@mook765 stated that "You could find out which user requested an install by checking in /var/log/apt/history.log and related archives /var/log/apt/history.log.#.gz"


How do I make Kile work with TeX Live 2012?

I had updated the PATH only via .bashrc. With a rapid check of "Settings > Check System" it showed up that he did not know where to look for the binaries.

I solved by adding /usr/local/texlive/2012/bin/x86_64-linux to /etc/environment


How can I change the default user shown in the login screen?

Yep that is easy :

Open the GDM custom configuration file :

gksudo gedit /etc/gdm/custom.conf

Should have a lot of comment and at the end look like this :

[daemon]

[security]

[xdmcp]

[gui]

[greeter]

[chooser]

[debug]

[servers]

You'll have to add few lines under greeter like this :

[daemon]

[security]

[xdmcp]

[gui]

[greeter]
# If true show all the users, if false show the last connected users
IncludeAll=false
# User to always show in the user list
Include=somebody,somebodyelse

[chooser]

[debug]

[servers]

Just replace "somebody,somebodyelse" by whatever you want, save the file and reboot and it should work.

More info here :
http://library.gnome.org/admin/gdm/2.32/gdm.html


Screelets - Google Calandar recently stopped working

This is not an Ubuntu Problem. Google switched to API V3. Therefore the screenlet must be fixed. Unfortunately till now there is no fix available.

Alternatives could be eigenCal or eventCal but they are not working on my system (elementaryOS 0.2.1 - based on Ubuntu 12.04).


Running full installation of Ubuntu // full instalation of windows 7 in one PC

I recommend you install Windows 7 first and then Ubuntu.  Ubuntu is aware of Windows 7, while Windows 7 will try to make Ubuntu disappear.

While your windows partition needs to be very large, Ubuntu will not need too much space.
I recommend you set your partitions manually when installing ubuntu like this:

primary 1: Windows partition you cannot get rid of
primary 2: ?Gb Windows partition.
extended 1: 8GB Ubuntu '/' (system)
extended 2: 256MB-1GB 'swap'
extended 3: remaining ntfs for your documents, music and video.<br>

This way you can share data between both operating systems, with minimal issues.
I use this setting with 1 windows and 2 linux distros.

With 'Minimal issues' I mean you may be asked wether to execute a file or view it even if it is not a program on linux, or finding a lot of thumbs.db files, System Volume Information or .Trash folders. Or problems with symbolic links.

Oh yeah, and don't forget to backup all your data first!


How to make external hard drive with Ubuntu bootable

Assuming your installation completed successfully, the drive should already be marked bootable. Enter your bios on boot(F2 or F12) to change your boot sequence and place your external disk(USB I guess) before hard disk.


Who to contact about an outdated application in the Software center?

You will actually want file a "needs packaging" bug and contact the package maintainer, not the developer of the software (although sometimes they are the same person).

The 'needs packaging' bug will need to be filed on launchpad against Ubuntu

To find the package maintainer, you can either search for the package on http://packages.ubuntu.com/ or from the command line with

apt-cache show <packagename>

You could then send the maintainer an email with the bug number.


Rhymbox can't play mp3 files, but videos can

Had the same issue

steps to resolve issue ;

1- open terminal

2- type the following 2 commands ;

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

Followed by

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg gxine libdvdread4 icedax tagtool libdvd-pkg  easytag id3tool lame libxine2-ffmpeg nautilus-script-audio-convert libmad0 mpg321 libavcodec-extra gstreamer1.0-libav

remembering to type -- y -- to each command.

This should resolve your issue with Rythembox and allow you to play mp3 files etc.


How to search within a specific range of positions on a line

You could use

grep -E "^.{4}.?.?.?.?.?.?.?$pattern"

where $pattern is the user input, I mean in something like

$ echo "enter a pattern: "; read pattern; grep -E "^.{4}.?.?.?.?.?.?.?$pattern" file
enter a pattern:
6314
commA6314   ifosfamide               30     12

^.{4}.?.?.?.?.?.?.? that's the first 4 characters locked, then the next 7 characters are optional, meaning if the pattern is only one character and it's in the 12th position, it would be found, and if it's 7 characters and starts from the 5th position, it would still be found.

^ start of line
. any character
{4} four of the preceding character
? zero or one of the preceding character


First download either the 32bit or 64bit driver, both have a release date of Dec. 16, 2013.  The files are .run files.  To install see How to install a program ending in “.run” using terminal or How do I install .run files.  For other information, and installation requirements, see the Readme file.


Weather Icons Broken OpenWeather Gnome Extension

I had the same problem with Ubuntu 20.04 and the Adwaita (default) icon set.
I could fix it by selecting another icon set like Paper.

You can switch the icon set with Gnome Tweak Tool. Install that using sudo apt install gnome-tweaks.


Ubuntu 14.04 Problem With Windows 7 boot menu

It appears that partition ordering has some issues. As seen in the snapshot, the 4th partition 17.01 GB (I guess this is going to be '/') and the 5th partition 2.99 GB (and this is going to be 'swap') are out of Extended partition (Green box). This must have confused your Linux installation. Please try these:

Restore the Windows bootloader as instructed  in https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestoreUbuntu/XP/Vista/7Bootloader
Boot from Windows
Go to Windows Disk Management, delete the 4th and 5th partitions, assuming those were created for Linux
You should now see ~20 GB of free space
Right-click on the Extended partition and select Extend Partition in the menu
Select all the free space and complete the dialog
There should be 1 Primary and 1 Extended partitions now
Inside the Extended partition, create the partitions for Linux as you wish
Make sure the partitions that were created just now, fall inside the Extended partition
Install Ubuntu into these partitions and report back the status ;-)

-- Wish you good luck


Cloning

There are cloning tools that can do the job,

in linux mkusb

Maybe the easiest way to use it is to identify the device for the DVD drive. In Ubuntu it is usually /dev/sr0. You can find it via the command

lsblk -m

and then run dus (mkusb-dus) in a terminal window.

dus /dev/sr0

It will guide you via menus until it starts cloning.

Tested dus in June 2017: cloning DVD disk /dev/sr0 with Lubuntu 16.04.1 LTS amd64
in Windows Win32 Disk Imager

It is possible to use Win32 Disk Imager in two steps via an iso file,

read from the DVD disk to an iso file (with CDBurnerXP or ImgBurn (tested in June 2017) or some other tool, that you might have available)
write from the iso file to a USB pendrive with Win32 Disk Imager (tested in June 2017)

Extraction

In Windows you can also use Rufus, which is an extraction tool.

  Notes on ISO Support:

  All versions of Rufus since v1.1.0 allow the creation of a bootable
  USB from an ISO image (.iso).

  Creating an ISO image from a physical disc or from a set of files is
  very easy to do however, through the use of a CD burning application,
  such as the freely available CDBurnerXP or ImgBurn.

In other words, the route with Rufus from a DVD disk is also using two steps via an iso file,

read from the DVD disk to the iso file (with CDBurnerXP or ImgBurn or some other tool, that you might have available)
extract from the iso file to the USB pendrive with Rufus.


Moved /home to another partition with pre-existing files, how to keep existing directory structure on partition

Answering my own question with the help of @oldfred and @ByteCommander

For my original purposes mounting the partition as /home was not what I really wanted. Reading a bit more about the differences between --bind and symlinks I found symlinks are what I wanted.

In the end I had to undo mounting /home to the partion, the reverse of the official guide and then create symlinks for all useful folders in /home (ie; Documents, Music, Pictures etc) like the links referenced by @oldfred


How can I see what updates were installed during updating time in ubuntu Software in Ubuntu 16.04LTS

If you want to see what packages have newer versions available and would be upgraded if you ran dist-upgrade or upgrade, try a dry-run

apt-get dist-upgrade --dry-run

you'll get some output like

  % apt-get --dry-run dist-upgrade
  NOTE: This is only a simulation!
        apt-get needs root privileges for real execution.
        Keep also in mind that locking is deactivated,
        so don't depend on the relevance to the real current situation!
  Reading package lists... Done
  Building dependency tree
  Reading state information... Done
  Calculating upgrade...

To see what packages have been upgraded after you have run a mass upgrading, apt maintains a log of the packages you installed in

/var/log/apt/history.log


How to install ubuntu without any extra packages that are currently installed by default?

What you want to do does not make much sense. Ubuntu is generated from a debian fork and aimed to became a desktop friendly distribution with a specific behaviour, Ubuntu is also a brand and the latest trand is pushing this way much more than ever.
Technically speaking, in my experience, removing packages from a standard Ubuntu installation can only generate problems, Ubuntu it's not designed to be "modular", it's simply not its goal.

I suggest to do a basic installation of a Debian and install Unity from the source.


Using a custom command for your mate-terminal profile, eg:

sh -c "cd your_folder; exec bash"

Replace your_folder with your preferred folder and bash with your shell if you need another one than bash

The terminal in action

If you made a mistake use dconf-editor to correct your problem:

sudo apt-get install dconf-editor

Start dconf-editor and navigate to org.mate.terminal.profiles and change the values for custom-command and use-custom-command


Magic Trackpad 2 is not recognized as synpatic touchpad

There is a driver available for the Apple Magic Trackpad 2 on Github. Highlights from the README.md file:

robbi5 created a dkms package with the driver that is known to work with kernel 4.4.0-57-generic on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
Used this driver in combination with the mtrack-driver, to make use of the multitouch feature (e.g. 2-finger-tap for right-click, etc)
Right now the driver only works over USB. OP has submitted an official patch to linux-input.


For your first question, df -h reports the file system disk space usage in human readable form. Human readable because it reports size as in kb, mb or gb and not purely in bytes, whereas df -i reports the inode information instead of block usage.

inode in layman's terms is data about a file. Some space is required to store the data about the files in your filesystem. So if this space is full, you can't store files in your filesystem even though you may have space because there is no space to store data about the file you want to store.

Secondly, you need superuser permissions to see what is stored in /root folder, so I am not pretty sure how you got into the /root folder. The reason why ls is failing is because it doesn't have read permissions to read the contents of /root to report it to you. To see why /root has occupied to much space, you'll need superuser permissions to investigate and unless you have that, I am not sure you can even read what is inside that.

The size of folder is 4096 because that is the minimum size it requires to store information about its contents. If it exceeds this size, it means it has a lot of files whose information requires that amount of space.

I would recommend you investigate the contents of /root folder since that seems to be the reason why your df -i shows 100% utilization.


wine sources.list in focal has 3 entries for wine repository

These two repositories are for wine source code, not for packages. Because they are source code you can either remove these two lines by preceding them with a # character to comment them out or just leave them in /etc/apt/sources.list; it doesn't matter which. That's my explanation about why upgrading the release to 20.04 didn't do this. Instead of commenting these two lines out you can also delete them.
deb-src https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ disco main
deb-src https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ eoan main


rtmpdump not working on Ubuntu Server 14.10

After I installed pepperflashplugin-nonfree it started working on the server


Tab Sound/Mute indicator not showing in Firefox 42

Sadly, Firefox makes it possible to style that icon.

I watch some Televisions on Internet which tend to show advertisments as follows:

1) They style the icon to not show up, some starter pointers about doing that may be seen here.

2) They purposedly raise the volume during ads by up to 200%.

3) They disable the volume on the video player.

4) They disable the ability to pause or stop the video player.

It's very intentional, in the first weeks past the mute button release I could silence those very noisy ads by clicking the mute button on the tab, now they just remove it so to force to listen to the whole ads.


what software packages required to write applet to add to unity panel/bar

I think appindicator is what you are looking for http://unity.ubuntu.com/projects/appindicators/.


I have dropbox working well on multiple 12.10 (32 bit) computers.  Are you using 64 bit?

I would suggest removing the nautilus extension and deleting all traces of dropbox in your home directory (such as the .dropbox hidden folder).

I then use ubuntu-tweak to install a new version of dropbox.  When it installs I got a message about it being in the wrong location, but it's worked fine for me.


No-Ip updates the IP address but doesn't point to the host

Is your question about IPv4 or IPv6? Why do you assume that it's your IP(v4) address?

At first you should ask your provider if you are allowed to host a server¹ for private use and if that is even possible. Some providers have scenarios where they do NAT for all customers on their side and don't take any effort to make it work like in the old days, so you won't be able to access any service you host. Some other providers will initially NAT every new modem that connects to their network, but lift restrictions for those who need it, i.e. when I reset one of my boxes with its provided modem installation code I'll have to wait a day or so to be able to access my services.

Once you have confirmation that the provider will reserve an IP only for you you can start setting up UFW on your Ubuntu host and port forwarding or exposed hosts on all the routers you may have and probably didn't know about.

If you're not 100% sure that you're accessing only your computer via an IP only assigned to you you're doing something which computer illiterate people – among them some judges – call hacking or computer fraud.

Instead of server say you want to configure your gaming console with open or type 1 NAT.


The tutorial you mention didn't work for me at first.

First, the file in ~/.local/share/applications/awesome.desktop is not recognized; you should put it in /usr/share/xsessions

Second, with this desktop entry you would only start awesome, but you may also want to have gnome-session, mate-session or xfce4-session (or whatever your session manager is, as long as its loads the Gtk theme, Wifi applet, sound manager, etc.) To do this, create a desktop entry that just calls Xsession:

$ cat /usr/share/xsessions/Xsession.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Xsession
Comment=Xsession
Exec=/etc/X11/Xsession

Then write a .xsession file in your user directory:

$ cat ~/.xsession
#!/bin/sh
xfce4-session &
awesome

Finally, select the "Xsession" entry in lightdm and you should see awesome fire up with the rest of your session. (Tested on Xubuntu with xfce4-session and Debian Wheezy with mate-session.)


How to reset gSettings Key appropriately?

I think you need...

gsettings reset org.gnome.mutter experimental-features

See

gsettings reset --help

Also, I don't know how blurry your screen is, but a good graphical tool to use is Dconf Editor.  Install it using:

sudo apt install dconf-editor

Then you can launch Dconf Editor, navigate to this key, and click on the "Use default value" switch. (Remember to click the check-mark to apply your change).


Override system-wide shortcut for application-specific shortcut

Disclaimer: This is not exactly what you want, but I've spent too much time on this not to post it and maybe someone else can use it.

I got as far as Ctrl + F11 is fullscreen everywhere but Chromium where it is Chromium's fullscreen !

Train of thought

I thought I might be able to trick the window manager if I use xdotool and send the command directly to the chrome window - to no avail.

Then I thought I might be able to change the keyboard shortcut in google chrome, but that seems hardcoded - another dead end.

Which leaves us with this

Install xdotool to simulate keyboard presses

sudo apt-get install xdotool

reconfigure the Ubuntu Keyboard shortcuts to something arbitrary, that we never type but is usable in the script

Settings -> Devices -> Keyboard

Scroll down and edit Toggle fullscreen mode to Ctrl + Alt + 1 and then hit the + and add a custom keyboard shortcut

and then hit the + and add a custom keyboard shortcut

edit the script

nano /home/user/fullscreen.sh

#!/bin/bash
export DISPLAY=:0
windowname=$(xdotool getactivewindow getwindowname | cut -d "-" -f 2)
if [[ $windowname != *"Chromium"* ]]
then
xdotool keydown Ctrl keydown Alt key 1 keyup Alt keyup Ctrl
else
xdotool search --onlyvisible --class "Chromium" windowfocus
sleep 0.2
xdotool key F11
fi

make it executeable

chmod +x /home/user/fullscreen.sh

Conclusion

It seems impossible to trick the windowmanager and smuggle keystroke by, but there are certainly workarounds possible. In this case Google made the fullscreen keyboard shortcut non-configureable, so it falls just short of the mark

Now with Ctrl + F11 the windowmanager controls the fullscreen behavior except in chromium.


Disclaimer: I work on the PacketFence project

It's complicated because of the interaction between PacketFence and the system components (apache, snmptrapd, named, dhcpd). As soon as the configuration files are not located in the same locations (/etc/httpd/ vs /etc/apache2/) we run into problems. It is not only a packaging issue, the code will have to be patched.

However, good timing for you, it's something we want to tackle soon. Here's a ticket where you can track our progress:
http://www.packetfence.org/bugs/view.php?id=1067

There will also be pointers to what is working and what is not. Feel free to chip in and help.


I'm unable to use grep to find strings in a file?

It is working fine..

example:

grep -ir "XDG" ~/.config
.config/user-dirs.dirs:# This file is written by xdg-user-dirs-update
.config/user-dirs.dirs:# Format is XDG_xxx_DIR="$HOME/yyy", where yyy is a shell-escaped
.config/user-dirs.dirs:# homedir-relative path, or XDG_xxx_DIR="/yyy", where /yyy is an
.config/user-dirs.dirs:XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Desktop"
.config/user-dirs.dirs:XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$HOME/Downloads"
.config/user-dirs.dirs:XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/Templates"
.config/user-dirs.dirs:XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR="$HOME/Public"
.config/user-dirs.dirs:XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="$HOME/Documents"
.config/user-dirs.dirs:XDG_MUSIC_DIR="$HOME/Music"
.config/user-dirs.dirs:XDG_PICTURES_DIR="$HOME/Pictures"
.config/user-dirs.dirs:XDG_VIDEOS_DIR="$HOME/Videos"


Why doesn't Ubuntu Touch support multiple users?

I'm pretty sure that the reason multiple users is not available in Ubuntu Touch is that it is an operating system mainly for phones and tablets and those are usually just used by one person.  Ubuntu Desktop does support multiple accounts because sometimes families just own computer and all the people in the family use just that one with separate accounts  But I see your point.  It would be good to have multiple users, especially on tablets.


Packaging fails upon compiling 16.04 HWE kernel

It seems I did partially solve the problem.

The instructions contain a note that I must have overlooked and that contradicts instructions that describe to do it otherwise:

  NOTE: do not attempt to use CONFIG_LOCALVERSION as this will break
  the build.

Now at least the abovementioned problem is solved. However, the build is not yet successful and fails at a later stage. I will open another question how to continue with custom kernel creation without having to build/compile everything from scratch over and over again.

However, in this question the way following the instructions by the letter (edit the changelog file) did not work. I'm curious what I will find...


Ubuntu not working properly on Asus laptop

Usually, the fan speed  of a laptop is controlled by the BIOS, which reads a value to determine the thermal profile to use. In my case, the value is stored here : /sys/devices/platform/sony-laptop/thermal_control. It is a file that has either 0, 1 or 2 in it, for respectively performance, balanced or silent mode. Maybe you have something similar on your device.


The first way is using Andphe's PPA. This method is described here.

Uninstall all PHP packages.
Add the repo by executing sudo apt-add-repository ppa:andphe/php && sudo apt-get update
Open Synaptic. Go to Settings -> Repositories. Select the repository we have just added and click "Edit..." Replace "natty" with "maverick". Click "Ok" then "Close".
Click the reload button.
Now find the php5 package. Press Ctrl + E. Select the version from the PPA. In the main menu, click Package -> Lock Version.
Repeat step 5 for other PHP packages.
Apply the changes.

N.B. start with "libapache2-mod-php5", "php5-common", "php5-cli" and then the rest

The second way is attempting to install packages built for Lucid. They can be found here.
Just download the packages, dpkg -i them all, and then pin all of them. I will not go into detail because I think that the first way is better.

The third way is installing from source. This guide seems quite good. This is your fallback route.


Make sure you have enabled all necessary repositories. Do a 'How do I enable repository' search on the site. After enabling the repositories, open a terminal and use these commands to install autoconf

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install autoconf

Your error messege suggested that, you have disabled repository.


unable to install unity-tweak-tool in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

As in other similar question I can't reproduce this problem on clean installation of Xenial without PPAs even with HWE installed.

After some trial and error I found the clue - its KDE PPA (ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports).

Forward way (how to get there)

I describe shortly how to get there.

Install Xenial and upgrade it.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get autoremove

Install kubuntu-desktop package

sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo dpkg -i --force-all /var/cache/apt/archives/kde-config-telepathy-accounts_4%3a15.12.3-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -f

Try to install unity-tweak-tool here (no KDE PPA yet)

apt-get install --simulate unity-tweak-tool # ok

Add KDE PPA

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get autoremove

apt-get install --simulate unity-tweak-tool # fail! (see OP error message)

So unity-tweak-tool does not install after upgrading KDE from their PPA.

Backward way (how to get out there)

Warning: following steps are provided without any warranty. Do not try it at home. It's very difficult and dangerous way, but who forced you to add kubuntu-ppa?

Save current list of software and install Meld to make comparison later:

dpkg -l > dpkg_-l_before.txt
sudo apt-get install meld

Prepare and purge PPA:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge -i -y ppa:kubuntu-ppa/backports
sudo apt-get install -f -y

Find and purge obsolete packages (many of them came from KDE PPA)

sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get purge $(dpkg -l | grep ^rc | awk '{print $2}')
sudo apt-get purge $(aptitude search ~o | awk '{print $2}')
sudo apt-get autoremove

Save list of KDE packages to file and then purge them

dpkg -l | grep "^ii\|^ri\|^ic" | grep ~ppa | awk '{print $2}' > kde_packages.txt
sudo apt-get purge $(cat kde_packages.txt)
sudo apt-get autoremove
dpkg -l | grep "^ri\|^ic" | awk '{print $2}' > kde_packages2.txt
sudo apt-get purge $(cat kde_packages2.txt)
sudo apt-get autoremove

To reinstall official KUbuntu versions of KDE packages you should do the following:

sudo aptitude install kubuntu-desktop

Don't agree with removing, press n for next solution and wait for something like

Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] n
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

     Downgrade the following packages:
1)     libqt5core5a [5.6.1+dfsg-3ubuntu1~xenialoverlay1~4+fix1 (now) -> 5.5.1+dfsg-16ubuntu7.5 (xenial-updates)]
2)     libqt5dbus5 [5.6.1+dfsg-3ubuntu1~xenialoverlay1~4+fix1 (now) -> 5.5.1+dfsg-16ubuntu7.5 (xenial-updates)]
3)     libqt5network5 [5.6.1+dfsg-3ubuntu1~xenialoverlay1~4+fix1 (now) -> 5.5.1+dfsg-16ubuntu7.5 (xenial-updates)]
4)     libqt5qml5 [5.6.1-4ubuntu1~xenialoverlay1~4 (now) -> 5.5.1-2ubuntu6 (xenial)]
5)     libqt5sql5 [5.6.1+dfsg-3ubuntu1~xenialoverlay1~4+fix1 (now) -> 5.5.1+dfsg-16ubuntu7.5 (xenial-updates)]
6)     libqt5sql5-mysql [5.6.1+dfsg-3ubuntu1~xenialoverlay1~4+fix1 (now) -> 5.5.1+dfsg-16ubuntu7.5 (xenial-updates)]
7)     libqt5sql5-sqlite [5.6.1+dfsg-3ubuntu1~xenialoverlay1~4+fix1 (now) -> 5.5.1+dfsg-16ubuntu7.5 (xenial-updates)]
8)     libqt5xmlpatterns5 [5.6.1-2build1~~xenialoverlay1~4 (now) -> 5.5.1-2build1 (xenial)]
9)     qml-module-qtquick-xmllistmodel [5.6.1-4ubuntu1~xenialoverlay1~4 (now) -> 5.5.1-2ubuntu6 (xenial)]

Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?]y
The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:
...

After KDE reinstallation you can install unity-tweak-tool:

sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

Save new list of software and compare it with previous one with Meld

dpkg -l > dpkg_-l_after.txt
meld dpkg_-l_before.txt dpkg_-l_after.txt

Then you can manually install missed packages.

Conclusion

If unsure - never install such big projects as KDE from PPAs. It's very difficult to solve dependency problems in such situations. Version from official repository was tested for dependencies, version from PPA may break whole system.


Ubuntu 12.04.5 to 14.04.5 do-release-upgrade: "No new release found"

I had the same issue, but just resolved it.
Please make sure you do this before the real upgrade.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Resolve issues that you encounter at this point first.
Then you might encounter "No new release found" when you run sudo do-release-upgrade. Try sudo apt-get install update-manager before sudo do-release-upgrade. This fixed my issue.


It's not a problem with your installation, but with your code.

Change

win = Gtk.window()

to

win = Gtk.Window()


Ubuntu File System Partition gone Unallocated

It looks like you (or a bug) have accidentally deleted your Ubuntu partition. To get it back, I recommend using TestDisk. This isn't 100% guaranteed to work, but there's a good chance it will. The odds of success go way down if you created that NTFS partition in a location that used to hold the Linux partition. If that's the case, your best bet of any sort of recovery is to use PhotoRec to recover individual files. That will be tedious, and there's a good chance that some files will be completely lost.

Whatever you do, write nothing to that disk until you've recovered it! Note that booting a modern OS invariably writes files to its boot partition, and sometimes elsewhere, so this means you should not boot Windows! Do your recovery from an Ubuntu (or some other OS's) live CD.


You can restore your settings. Copy all your old data from the backup user folder to your new home (be sure you can view hidden files, CTRL+H), then log out and log in again.


Ubuntu 13.10 skype restore hidden icon on notification bar

I am running Ubuntu 13.10 and I found my answer here:
How to add a Skype indicator?

What fixed it for me was the post from User "Jorrit" who made the following post:
"I had the same problem, installing the following package fixed it for me: sni-qt:i386"