I am referring to this answer from my other answers.

First uninstall the currently installed NVIDIA drivers.Boot the computer, when the GRUB menu appears ...

Highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and press the E key.Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line. Press F10 to boot the Ubuntu operating system.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1.Enter your user name and the password, then execute :

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo reboot

Now install the latest official stable NVIDIA drivers.Boot the computer, when the GRUB menu appears ...

Highlight the Ubuntu menu entry and press the E key.Add nouveau.modeset=0 to the end of the linux line. Press F10 to boot the Ubuntu operating system.

When the login screen appears press Ctrl+Alt+F1. Enter your user name and the password, then execute :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-361 nvidia-prime
sudo reboot

Note : Maybe it is explicitly necessary to select the NVIDIA adapter in BIOS. When you want to use drivers 361, adding the PPA is not necessary. In this case the terminal commands you have to perform are these :

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-361
sudo reboot

In case you have installed the nvidia driver from their site then uninstall it as per that instructions.Uninstall that driver by running, as root, sh ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-361.28.run and follow the on screen instructions.

Note : The solution I have provide has been tested on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and Ubuntu 15.10 for two GPUs.

You can avoid the steps which are not needed in your case. Moreover the same steps - pressing E to edit boot params and F10 to save boot params are applicable even at the time of install.


How to configure raise network for LAN to use dhcp other than editing /etc/network/interfaces using CLI?

By default, this is the network-manager that handle the network configuration (it is use DHCP configuration). You can change the behavior of network manager directly in the settings (Settings-->Network-->Default-->IPV4 Tab).

To disable the network-manager you can use the command : sudo systemctl disable network-manager.service.

Then to get an IP address and routes you can use the command sudo dhclient [interface] directly in the terminal.

Hope this help.


Your repository is for Ubuntu bionic while, according to your title, you're on Ubuntu cosmic.

As it seems there's no cosmic release for the PPA (yet?), you should try with the xenial version, but it's not guaranteed to work.
It should be enough to edit the relevant .list file under /etc/apt/sources.list.d and change bionic to xenial:

#deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntugis/ppa/ubuntu bionic main
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntugis/ppa/ubuntu xenial main

That said, looks like gdal is present on the official Ubuntu repositories, so maybe the PPA is not really need.


xrdp + Xfce 4, "Login failed for display 0"

I solved this by clicking on edit in the rdp login screen. Then click on More Choices, and you'll be able to select your microsoft account, where you can enter your ubuntu creds.


Some years later ...

I recently hit the same issue in Ubuntu Mate 16.04 (kernel 4.4) with Broadcom 802.11 module and after some digging and questioning I found solved answer in stackoverflow - https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45691434/nmcli-device-unavailable

Basically you have to delete the connection and start over with new connection after network-manager restart.

sudo nmcli c delete connection_name
sudo service network-manager restart

Time to time, it helps and sometimes you have to reboot whole machine. I am suspecting you have to also leave the wifi device resting for some longer time in order to get it working again (but that's purely subjective).

What helped me a lot - to run another terminal with monitor command:

mncli m

Anyway I consider this as a serious bug which is preventing me to use Ubuntu system smoothly and in production state, and it is really pity.


Mouse keeps left-clicking and scrolling up on its own in Xubuntu 18.04

Turns out I'm not very bright.

After disconnecting everything, including the mouse, I booted the system, and the mouse still worked. I had completely forgotten that I switched my bluetooth mouse with one that has its own tiny dongle. After I found it I disconnected and reconnected it and now it works fine.

Thank you all SO MUCH for the help and sorry for wasting everyone's time with my forgetfulness.


USB, Wifi, audio stopped working on update: Kernel mismatch problems

Something got scrambled during transmission, update, or there is an error in the update!
Well is it not wonderfull that our Ubuntu let us get back to a working konfiguration!
Boot into the previous kernel and do the upgrade update from there, that will owervrite whatever error, and you will be up to date again - hopefull without any errors! If the error is persistent try waiting a week for the error to be fixed.
Hope this helps it's saved me a couple of times.
Best of luck!


Have you tried arandr? It's a GUI for xrandr and it's perfect to play around with multiple monitors/resolutions.

sudo aptitude install arandr

Hereafter you can see the interface. With the green tick button you can apply the current screen layout and you can also it to a file, which basically contains a xrandr command, to execute it whenever you want, for example at system startup.


Solution: Change boot mode from "UEFI+LEGACY" to "UEFI ONLY"


Format the stick with "FAT" (not FAT32) on Windows 7, then use UNetbootin to make the bootable stick.

When UNetbootin finished, look inside the stick and rename the folder "isolinux" to "syslinux" and inside the same, rename isolinux.bin and isolinux.cfg to syslinux.bin and syslinux.cfg.

Reboot.

Cheers

*sorry my english...


Why are there backslash `\` line breaks on this apt install command?

The backslash is used by bash to indicate a line continuation and is commonly used in bash scripts.  However, the backslash is actually the bash escape character. So this use of the backslash 'escapes' the the \newline to create a continuation.  Cool, and good to know, eh?  In particular, Section 3.1.2.1 of the GNU bash manual says:

  A non-quoted backslash ‘\’ is the Bash escape character. It preserves the literal value of the next character that follows, with the exception of newline. If a \newline pair appears, and the backslash itself is not quoted, the \newline is treated as a line continuation (that is, it is removed from the input stream and effectively ignored).

To answer your specific question: the author is simply indicating that the multi-line expression is a single-line bash command.  This multi-line expression will work if there are no characters after the '\' but \newline.  However, if one cuts and pastes, there may be all sorts of cruft (e.g. spaces) after the '\'.  So, either remove all trailing characters after the '\' or simply put the command on one line, as you have been doing.  I often find using '\' convenient when typing a long command, but it's a matter of personal preference.


Can I install two Cuda toolkits and use them at the same time?

Yes, it is possible.
As long as the Os is supported you can install several CUDA toolkits. In order not to face any issues, I, however, recommend using runfile installers as they allow you to specify which and where to install them.
One thing to look after is the symlink created for CUDA. when you install CUDA, usually many apps and/or frameworks check for that symlink which most often points to the latest/only version of CUDA available on a system.
So have the necessary changes in your application specific config file to point to the correct cuda installation version. The installer normally always creates a folder named cuda-x.x (e.g cuda-9.1) which you can use instead of the symlink (/usr/local/cuda) as well.
If one application of yours only checks the symlink /usr/local/cuda, and there is no way for you to alter its config, then you can make that symlinc point to the version of cuda, that app needs and the configure the other apps to use their corrosponding versions through their config files.


How do I get around "CD/DVD 'ubuntu 13.04_Raring ringtail_-Release amd 64 (20130424) is required", to install updates to Ubuntu 12.04?

Here is the solution found I in a previous post answered by KK Patel.

You need to edit source file

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Please place comment # in beginning of line containing deb cdrom (with 13.04 in the line).

Save file and try again.

It worked for me.
I don't know what caused this issue.
If anyone knows I would like to hear

Hans


Is there a way to automatically detect the 3G port without using wvdialconfig every time?

If you connect with network manager, it will work out which one to use. (You can drive it from the command line with nmcli)


Can a person contribute directly to the Ubuntu project?

Just before the download link is offered to you on the download page there is a Donate button.

Feel free to donate via PayPal

Donations are made to Canonical Ltd.

Slide-bars can be adjusted to encourage you to donate cash to areas that particularly interest you.

More information can be found on the fantastic Jono Bacon Blog


Ubuntu phone Apt-get install not working

The root file system is mounted read-only. To solve that, you can remount it as rw, but you can really break your system that way. Use with care:

sudo mount -o remount,rw /

Then try again:

sudo apt-get install your-package

After that, restart your phone to make sure it is mounted normally and you don't break anything.

So what are you trying to install anyway?


How to set a filesystem type without losing data?

You can not convert the file system without formatting your hard drive.

Plug-in your extarnal drive and open your computer with live Ubuntu CD/USB with the TRY option. Check the disks utility from your dash and look for the external drive in the list of disks utility.

If you can see the drive then you can execute self tests or benchmark test;

else if it was not there; try to change the connection cable;

else if you tried on another computer and is working, your operating system should be cleaned from the old system files.

else if, format it.


Please see the following official documentation for Bluray disc playback on Ubuntu:


i have mysql 8.0.2 installed on my ubuntu 16.04.can not open it through terminal. so what to do now?

Use the

mysql --user=user_name --password{=password} db_name

or

mysql -u user_name -p{password} db_name

using the mysql admin username and password, or the appropriate db_name's username/password, or your_own_username/password.

If you wish to login using the root username, you may have to add that info to the mysql authorized list of users... but of course... you're not normally logged into the root account... correct?


External usb3.0 drive stops mdadm recognising internal raid on boot

I found the answer to my own question. My problem was caused by two things:

1. Ubuntu changing drive letter assignment at boot when USB drive plugged in

Without the USB drive plugged in, Ubuntu assigned the disks in my system as follows:

/dev/sda : RAID disk 1
/dev/sdb : RAID disk 2
/dev/sdc : RAID disk 3
/dev/sdd : RAID disk 4
/dev/sde : Operating System disk

With the USB drive plugged in at boot, Ubuntu assigned the disks as follows:

/dev/sda : USB connected drive
/dev/sdb : RAID disk 1
/dev/sdc : RAID disk 2
/dev/sdd : RAID disk 3
/dev/sde : RAID disk 4
/dev/sdf : Operating System disk

2. mdadm.conf specifically referencing drive letters

My mdadm.conf file at /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf had the following entry:

DEVICE /dev/sd[abcd]

This was forcing mdadm to use the first four drive letters to pull together the RAID array during boot, which failed when the USB drive was plugged in because /dev/sda1 was allocated to the USB drive rather than the first drive in the RAID array. Because mdadm uses the superblocks on each disk to store the RAID array membership information, telling mdadm which drives to use isn't usually necessary - mdadm will just go out and look at all available drives and pull the RAID together all on its own.

Instead, my mdadm.conf file should have included the line:

DEVICE partitions

Which tells mdadm to scan all partitions on all drives for the superblocks it uses to identify the RAID members. This is more robust, allowing Ubuntu to assign drive letters as it sees fit and leaving mdadm to do its job of pulling the RAID together uninhibited.

Making this simple change made the problem go away.


phpmyadmin 404 error on fresh ubuntu 12.04 install

Ok I have found the answer to this.

Dont do this step (not needed):

sudo ln -s /usr/share/phpmyadmin phpmyadmin

Dont do this step (not needed):

edit php.ini and uncomment the line:

extension=mysqli.so

Do do this:

sudo ln -s /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf /etc/apache2/conf.d/phpmyadmin.conf

Apparently this serves to "symlink the phpMyAdmin conf file within the apache2/conf.d/"
courtesy of pete fisher:
http://blog.peterfisher.me.uk/2012/06/27/solution-to-phpmyadmin-throwing-a-404-error/


Install NVidia drivers from .run provided by geforce.com

First you have to switch to non graphical tty suppose tty1 ctrl+alt+F1

login with username and password

stop lightdm:

sudo stop lightdm

remove the old nvidia driver

sudo apt-get purge ^nvidia

Give execute permission to the .run file driver

sudo chmod +x driver.run

Now run the script

sudo ./driver.run

then reboot and the system should now be using the new driver


where can I find and examine apt packages online

I see that Bruno's answer has already been accepted, but I suppose I should throw in my two cents.

One of my favorite tools is packages.ubuntu.com. Using the search tool at the bottom of the page, I was able to find the samba4 package in Precise. From there, you can either download the .deb package and extract its contents, or you can simply look at the file list online.

I hope that helps!


Reduce screensaver timeout to a custom value in seconds

Usually you can set the timeout of gnome-screensaver (used by Ubuntu) with System Settings -> Brightness & Lock. However, this GUI only supports setting 1 minute at the minimum. For a delay between 1 and 5 seconds we need to set this manually.

You can use dconf watch / to watch all settings that are being changed.

If you issue that command, then open the Brightness & Lock panel and change the setting for Turn screen off when inactive for..., you will see an output like this:

/org/gnome/desktop/session/idle-delay
  uint32 180

Hence, in order to set it to a value of for example 5 seconds, issue the command:

dconf write /org/gnome/desktop/session/idle-delay "uint32 5"

Source & more information: How can I set a global timeout for the screensaver?


Why doesn't ps -al display my java programs?

-a and x are process selectors, So ps will show filtered processes listing.

If you want to see all process use: ps ax , ps -ax or ps -A, even a and -a are not the same. Reference: man ps

SIMPLE PROCESS SELECTION
       a      Lift the BSD-style "only yourself" restriction, which is imposed
              upon the set of all processes when some BSD-style (without "-")
              options are used or when the ps personality setting is BSD-like.
              The set of processes selected in this manner is in addition to
              the set of processes selected by other means.  An alternate
              description is that this option causes ps to list all processes
              with a terminal (tty), or to list all processes when used
              together with the x option.

       -A     Select all processes.  Identical to -e.

       -a     Select all processes except both session leaders (see getsid(2))
              and processes not associated with a terminal.
...

       x      Lift the BSD-style "must have a tty" restriction, which is
              imposed upon the set of all processes when some BSD-style
              (without "-") options are used or when the ps personality
              setting is BSD-like.  The set of processes selected in this
              manner is in addition to the set of processes selected by other
              means.  An alternate description is that this option causes ps
              to list all processes owned by you (same EUID as ps), or to list
              all processes when used together with the a option.

For killing, try with sudo killall -s9 ... . Reference: Kill Commands and Signals


Quod Libet tray icon missing in Ubuntu 13.04

AFAIK 13.04 doesn't allow tray icons any more.

You can enable the Quod Libet MPRIS plugin (called "MPRIS D-Bus support") to make it show up in the sound menu.

Quod Libet 2.5 also adds unity quick list commands. You'd have to use the PPA to get that:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lazka/ppa


Do the xserver-xorg-video-intel drivers support dual monitors with Intel HD Graphics 3000?

Answer: Yes, it's supported, but as James Henstridge pointed out, there is a bug in the driver when the HDMI port is used. Use the VGA + DVI ports for two monitors as a workaround until the bug gets fixed.


Will Unity get removed during the next distro upgrade?

The unity package will still exist and be moved to the universe repo. If you have universe disabled, it might suggest removing the package, but you can say no to that.


Can't get Diablo 3 to work on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

I had the same problem. Here is how I fixed it:

Update to the latest graphics drivers:

Check your kernel version by typing in terminal uname -r. I had a problem with driver after installing kernel 3.19. (Currently I'm using 3.13-generic.)
for ATI see What is the correct way to install proprietary ATI Catalyst Video Drivers (fglrx) directly from AMD?
for nVidia see How to install NVIDIA driver in Ubuntu

Reboot.
Install Wine 1.6 from ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wine1.6

Install Battle.net and Diablo 3.
If your launcher is crashing after 10-20 seconds:

Open winecfg (wine configuration).
In the Application tab click Add applications and add Diablo 3 launcher.exe and Diablo 3.exe.
Let Diablo 3 launcher.exe selected and go to the Libraries tab. In New override for library type dbghelp and click Add and yes.
In Existing overrides select dbghelp, click Edit, and set it to Disable.
Go back to the Applications tab and select Diablo 3.exe. Go to the Libraries tab again and in New override for library type dbghelp and click *Add** and yes.
In Existing overrides select dbghelp, click Edit and set it to built-in.
Click Ok.

Launch the game using command

wine "location of the game" -launch-opengl


LTE modems are attached to an USB bus. Use lsusb to see it, or preferably "lsusb -v" to see all details.

It is most likely configured for MBIM mode by default.  Use ModemManager and let it drive the modem in that mode, unless you have good reasons to do things differently.


Installing specific Package (New Version)

You can manually download the v2.6 .deb from Ubuntu Raring (13.04) here : http://packages.ubuntu.com/raring/libopenblas-base (choose your architecture, amd64 is 64 bit and i386 is 32 bit), then install it on your system.

You could also add a PPA to get the updates, currently v2.8 (may broke your system : No PPA can be confirmed 100% safe for use or not. PPAs are a use-at-your-own-risk solution, but most times they're generally safe but there could be other system issues on your end that can cause PPA'd software to break) :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:marutter/rdev
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade libopenblas-base

-

Note: Here, with OpenBlas, depedencies are satisfied, so you will be able to do this. It is not always the case.


Installer CD won't boot when installing Ubuntu Server 12.04

Maybe the ISO wasn't downloaded or burnt well. Try redoing the process, but this time on a USB key instead of a DVD.


" Uncaught Error: Call to undefined function mysqli_connect()"

You'd be needing to install the php-mysql package using apt.

  sudo apt-get install php-mysql

From there, restart apache2

  sudo service restart apache2

For a distro on systemd [If service is not a defined command], you can use:

  sudo systemctl restart apache2

Your script should be working after that


Installing Ubuntu alongside Windows 7: Is the default partitioning acceptable?

The default partitioning arrangement is probably not much good. It isn't that much harder to create partitions manually. It's good to know exactly what is going on.

It's probably better to use GParted for partitioning. It can be found on the Ubuntu LiveCD (choose the Try Ubuntu option), or on a special GParted LiveCD, or on KNOPPIX, or just about anything else.

It is safe to shrink NTFS partitions in GParted, although it is best to run CHKDSK and make some backups before doing so.

Here is a partitioning scheme that worked for me. You can add a /home partition to it if you want to - I have managed without one.

Swap needs to be at least as big as your RAM. / (root) can be around 32GB, but definitely more than 16GB.

Before installing Ubuntu, reboot into Windows once or twice, possibly run CHKDSK again - this is to ensure that Windows fixes any issues.

After this, install Ubuntu; no need to resize anything in the installer.


18.04 server: How to enable xfce4 from boot instead of console

Install XFCE4 into your 18.04 server with

sudo apt-get install xfce4 slim

then start that with

sudo service slim start


Microsoft Office 2013 and SPSS on ubuntu

Welcome to Ask Ubuntu Forums Julius!

SPSS 22 will run on Linux, as it is available for Linux.
Read the 'Linux' article on their website for installation.

With Microsoft office it is a bit harder, since it is not available for Linux and therefore, theoretically will not work.
However, using an emulator, you can use it.
HowToGeek Has a very good article on how to do it, but you must have a pretty good computer for it.
Because of Ubuntu apparently working for you i think your computer should be good enough, but just to be sure please edit your answer and post your hardware specifications.


Recommendations for a Windows Media Centre substitute?


Problems while upgrading to 15.10 with AMD driver

I have activated the wily proposed repositories, upgraded fglrx-updates-core, fglrx-amdccle-updates, fglrx-updates and linux-firmware-nonfree.

After that I did:
sudo amdconfig --adapter=all --initial

And now it works, thank you guys anyways!


Where did "Search and Launch" layout go in kde plasma 5?

plasma-notebook desktop is not available in Plasma-5. It is discontinued, and development in this direction has ceased.
See for yourself -> package-search @ubuntu.com
BUT - there is something similar (or even better):
called "Alternative Application Launcher"
(25.Aug.2015, introduced with Plasma 5.4.0)

(source: kde.org)
If you want to test this, but keep your old Launcher, just unlock your Mini-programs (right-click on Desktop surface), then add an additional Control-panel (select: empty one).
Make the most of it (click on "hamburger-symbol"):
Move it to the left side of the Desktop, shrink/expand it to the desired height and width. Just use the enhanced panel options for this (little arrows).
Then  add mini-programm Categorie: Program-Launchers – you have a choice of four. Pick the right one.
Since it was always interesting to me to use variant methods, I've done more enhancements to this new & empty control-panel:
Added another mini-program "Applications-symbols-only". So when you start a program, the symbol-only appears there. If you then do a right-click on the symbol, you can decide to keep it there permantely (even if the program is not active). This is the fastest way for me to start my favoured apps. Another adoption was selected from enhanced adjustments-menu (hamburger-symbol): "permanetly fade-out"
If you can't get what you want, you've got to take what's there. Hoping this helps. Last not least, you always have the option to use KRunner. Just press ALT+F2 – If you want this on your Desktop, there's a Mini-Program called "Search"


Open your Home Folder(Places>>Home Folder )
Press Ctrl+H to view hidden files.
Open .gnome2 folder and then keyrings folder and delete login.keyring file.
Reboot the system.
The pop-up will be disappeared now.


Everytime I restart, I lose changes to list of Favorite launchers in Xubuntu whisker's menu?

On my system (Xubuntu 15.10) it is

~/.config/xfce4/panel/whiskermenu-1.rc

and permissions are 664 (-rw-rw-r--)


Fixed it by installing evilvte and compiling it with transparency as default setting.


Try running sudo update-grub.  That works on Ubuntu.  Although, I don't know anything about EFI, so that might also be your issue.


Both. You have the Control Center which manages the driver and the driver itself. I think AMD delivers both in the same package. You can muck around in the Control Center app till you have settings you find satisfactory, at which point you probably won't have to touch it again.


How to compile c11 iso standard code with g++ compiler

Depending on which parts of C++11 you wish you use, you need to pass in an extra switch:

-std=c++0x

g++ 4.7 and later use:

-std=c++11 and -std=gnu++11

A programming specific question such as this would probably be better suited to stackoverflow.com.

http://gcc.gnu.org/projects/cxx0x.html


It turns out the password wasn't supposed to be empty like I had been seeing. My password was "ubuntu"


I don't know the deps personally but sudo apt remove kubuntu-desktop && sudo apt autoremove in theory should remove kubuntu's stuff and all other related packages, though you might want to run apt show kubuntu-desktop to view what it depends on or reccomends, then run apt list --installed | grep packagenamehere to see a package you don't want (or do want) is there. After removing everything, you can then run sudo apt install xfce4 or sudo apt install ldxe


Can I install Ubuntu Unity Dash in other desktop environments?

From the founder of elementary OS, Daniel Foré:

"It's not possible to use the Unity Dash without the entirety of Unity"


My headphone jack stopped working when I upgraded to 12.04

Try alsa. You can install it by

sudo apt-get install alsa-base alsa-utils


Is there an RSS feed that alerts subscribers of new/updated packages in the official repositories?

What about something like

http://packages.ubuntu.com/natty/updates/newpkg?format=rss for updates

http://packages.ubuntu.com/natty/main/newpkg?format=rss for main

Or

http://packages.ubuntu.com/natty/newpkg?format=rss for all natty updates


Apache2 won't start - no listening sockets available - ubuntu 14.04

It was indeed the PEM passphrase on my private SSL key that was causing the problem. Apache needs it entering on startup, so it was hanging, kind of half running. I've taken the encryption off of the key and now it boots up fine. Thank you very much!!!


Run the command again without the $, it's just the prompt to tell you the shell is ready for your input.

export PATH=`pwd`/depot_tools:"$PATH"


How can I add my application to the Ubuntu repository?

The process for getting new packages into archive is outlined here:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuDevelopment/NewPackages


Attach Keyboard/Mouse to X Display in Dell XPS L502x Dual Video Cards (Intel/Nvidia HDMI)

Hi you could see this post, it works for me , now my hdmi it's working on my xps 15z. http://www.webupd8.org/2012/08/get-hdmi-working-with-nvidia-optimus-on.html
I hope this help you!


It looks like there's an open bug (with its implementation in progress) about this issue.
I thought it was a problem of missing dependencies, but it's not a Ubuntu-side problem. Please refer to: http://developer.pidgin.im/ticket/12977 for more information

Hope this was helpful,
Mat.

PS: and hope it will be fixed soon :P

Update: I've found a workaround to use custom emoticons and file transfer of msn in pidgin. I downloaded from repositories the plugin 'msn-pecan', which implements a newer version of Windows Live protocol. Once you added your accounts, you have to switch the protocol from MSN to WLM and ... here you are! Custom emoticons and file transfer p2p :)


Script that chooses one subdirectory in directory

I wrote this script to select long sub-directory names that are time consuming to type.
Usage
When you call cdd and there is more than one sub-directory you need to pick one:

In this screen if you click OK button it is equivalent to:
cd Seven\ Mary\ Three

or:
cd "Seven Mary Three"

When you call cdd and there is only one sub-directory it automatically changes to it:
rick@alien:~/Music/Seven Mary Three$ cdd
rick@alien:~/Music/Seven Mary Three/American Standard$

When you call cdd and there are no sub-directories an error is displayed:
rick@alien:~/Music/Seven Mary Three/American Standard$ cdd
No subdirectories
rick@alien:~/Music/Seven Mary Three/American Standard$


You can do this by creating a null-sink and two loopback connectors:

pactl load-module module-null-sink
pactl load-module module-loopback
pactl load-module module-loopback

To configure those channels you need the pavucontrol tool (sudo apt-get install pavucontrol).

On the Playback tab select "All streams" and redirect the loopback streams to "Null output".
Then go to the "Recording" tab and also select "All streams". You should see both loopbacks again.
Set one to "Analog Stereo Internal Audio" (the microphone) and set the other one to "Analog Stereo Internal Audio Monitor" (the audio output).
After running your script you should see the avconv process in the list on the "Recording" tab. Set it to recording from "Null Output Monitor".

Soure


Since tracfone uses its os to track your wireless minute usage, it would not be a good idea to replace it with something else if you could root the device at all.

Also it's very likely the hardware is very incompatible with this phone. Android is a custom linux built for phones and not necessarily interchangeable with Ubuntu.

So no. You most likely will not be able to and keep your phone calling ability.


How to share a directory between ubuntu host and windows guest with kvm?

It turned out to be quite simple. Right click on the folder in the host that you want to share, then select Sharing Properties and give it a name where it asks (this is mandatory). Check the obvious boxes, save configuration, and bam! It is in your guest's network. Just open the file browser and see it in the left column by clicking on your host computer's name.


Unable to get the grub even after Boot-Repair is performed

You must create an efi boot partition during install. I make one about 100MB in size and it is fine. During install create a partition and assign efi filesystem.


pulsemixer ended up doing what I needed. pactl can set the volume, but won't report a level back for the OSD to display. This script raises/lowers volume or toggles mute, and shows the appropriate OSD:
#!/usr/bin/env bash

# must be set correctly for pactl to connect
uid=$(id -u)
export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/$uid

case "$1" in
    up )
        pulsemixer --change-volume +5 --max-volume 100
        ;;
    down )
        pulsemixer --change-volume -5
        ;;
    mute )
        pulsemixer --toggle-mute
        ;;
esac

# get active levels
sink=$(pulsemixer --list-sinks | grep -e "Default$" | cut -d',' -f2 | cut -c8-)
vol=$(pulsemixer --get-volume | cut -d' ' -f1)
mute=$(pulsemixer --get-mute)

# set osd icon
if [ $mute -eq 1 ]; then
    icon="audio-volume-muted"
elif [ $vol -lt 33 ]; then
    icon="audio-volume-low"
elif [ $vol -lt 66 ]; then
    icon="audio-volume-medium"
else
    icon="audio-volume-high"
fi

# format as decimal
if [ $vol -eq 100 ]; then
    vol="1.0"
else
    vol="0.$vol"
fi

gdbus call --session --dest 'org.gnome.Shell' --object-path '/org/gnome/Shell' --method 'org.gnome.Shell.ShowOSD' "{'icon': <'$icon'>, 'label': <'$sink'>, 'level': <$vol>}"


TP-Link TL-WN851N not recognised or working

So according to WifiDocs

  Tested on Ubuntu 11.04 Due to a kernel/driver issue, download rate is slow (max 300kiB/s with 802.11g) and slower than upload. Installing wireless-compat didn't help

I suspect this card doesnt work with Xubuntu at all.

Looks like I need to buy a new Wifi card!


Ubuntu 19.10 running a Regolith session feels slow

in Ubuntu 19.10 this problem happens due to problem with swap management . Tinkering with dirty_background broke my nautilus file explorer .
Along with freezing when copying large files , i have encountered several performance issues due to bad swap management in 19.10 . Since completely disabling swap is not recommended and we can control the degree of writing into swap partition by setting swappiness .

  swappiness=0 tells the kernel to avoid swapping processes out of physical memory for as long as possible .
  swappiness=100 tells the kernel to aggressively swap processes out of physical memory and move them to swap cache

so , we are going to set swappiness =1 .

  To change the swappiness value A temporary change (lost on reboot) with a swappiness value of 1 can be made with

sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=1

  To make a change permanent, edit the configuration file with your favorite editor:

sudo gedit /etc/sysctl.conf

  Search for vm.swappiness and change its value as desired. If vm.swappiness does not exist, add it to the end of the file like so:

vm.swappiness=10

  Save the file and reboot.

This helped me to improve overall performance issues in Ubuntu 19.10 while disabling swap completely eliminated all performance issues that i had with 19.10 but still i won't recommend doing that in normal situations .


Payments in local currency in Software Centre

Each currency we implement needs to be supported by our credit card payment provider.  This sometimes includes country-specific technical requirements - in the case of GBP, supporting 3D secure.  So, in answer to your question, we are planning to support GBP soon and will add other currencies based on payment provider support, user demand and effort to implement.

Support for 3D Secure is being tracked on http://pad.lv/656929 so feel free to subscribe to that bug and add your '+1' ("Also affects me") to it.


Roger, it sounds like you know how to answer the call but it's not working for you. This happened me a few times before the update. I'd get a call and be swiping like a mad man but nothing happened... touch screen would work with everything else just not answering calls. This ended when I got the most recent update, maybe this could help you?


snap - how to grant /tmp access to snap chromium?

I also find this quite annoying. The solution offered here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/chromium-browser/+bug/1851250 is to mount a tmpfs under your home directory.

There is more information here: Why can't Chromium suddenly access any partition except for /home?, along with some other solutions such as installing a non-snap package if you're interested.


missing resolution on XPS13 after upgrading to 16.10


Removing MariaDB Installs MySQL and vice-versa

Try to remove both:

sudo apt remove mysql-client* mariadb*


Using The Workspaces Independently From One Another?

Search isolate workspaces options in your dash, panel or dock settings.

Manually

Right click dash, dock or panel and select settings, then find isolate-workspaces, make it active.

Programmatically

If you use dock (dash to dock), this command will help you:

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock isolate-workspaces true

If you use panel (dash to panel), use this:

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-panel isolate-workspaces true


How to replace filename whitespace with underscore?

There are a many apps that would help you such as gprename  which i advise your to use

sudo apt-get install gprename

As shown in the picture above you can replace whatever with other character easily

you can also try some other apps such as: krename and
, pyrenamer


See Mike's comment: Yes, Nvidia drivers are supported, and the 304 driver is also in the repositories.


Can I specify a custom location for `updatedb.conf`?

Unfortunately /etc/updatedb.conf cannot be omitted.
But you can use environmental variables and command aliases to trim you command line length:
If you have too many paths to prune, just put it all in env variable:
export MYPRUNEPATHS="/var/cache /var/www /var/lib/docker"
then update your custom db:
updatedb -o ~/.mymlocate.db --prunepaths $MYPRUNEPATHS
To make $MYPRUNEPATHS persistent, add the first command I've write above to your ~/.bashrc (or ~/.zshrc).
You can also use command aliases in the ~/.bashrc:
# My mlocate
export MYPRUNEPATHS="/var/cache /var/www /var/lib/docker"
alias myupdateb="updatedb -o ~/.mymlocate.db --prunepaths '$MYPRUNEPATHS'"
alias mylocate="locate -d ~/.mymlocate.db"

Now you can run in bash just myupdateb to update you custom mlocate db, and mylocate something to search within this db.
p.s. Don't forget to execute source ~/.bashrc to apply your changes made in ~/.bashrc


Based on what I can discover from looking at this bug report and discussion (Check error with 20.04-desktop ISO)  it appears this is just a built-in limitation of the file checking where the efi.img file is modified when it is loaded and that really means it can't be verified.  I would advise go ahead and ignore this error! That is what I have done with my Xubuntu installation and I have had no problems at all (since then I have also noticed this error when installing Ubuntu Mate and I also ignored it in that case as well!)


How to install php-filter extension on Ubuntu 16.04.7 LTS?

Are you sure you don't have it already installed? According to the manual entry it should come with php

The filter extension is enabled by default as of PHP 5.2.0. To disable the filter extension, use --disable-filter.

Maybe you have disabled it at some point.
If not then this GitHub page might help.
There you will find these instructions:
php composer.phar require taobig/php-filter

The old Instructions (from 2009) found on waybackmachine call for
pecl install filter


How do I create a script to restart a service every two hours?

The most straightforward way is to just run once:

sudo service start codesys && watch -n 7200 'sudo service stop codesys && sudo service start codesys'

This will execute the command sudo service stop codesys && sudo service start codesys (which stops the codesys service and on success subsequently starts it again) every 7200 seconds displaying potential output.

Notice that in this case since the command to be executed is actually a chain of two commands the quotes to enclose the command are required.

Here's a scrape of the relevant sections for watch from man watch (trusty):

[...]
DESCRIPTION
       watch  runs  command  repeatedly, displaying its output and errors (the
       first screenfull).  This allows you to watch the program output  change
       over  time.   By  default,  the  program  is  run  every 2 seconds.  By
       default, watch will run until interrupted.

OPTIONS
[...]
       -n, --interval seconds
              Specify  update  interval.   The  command will not allow quicker
              than 0.1 second  interval,  in  which  the  smaller  values  are
              converted.
[...]

To make it run at startup, add this line to /etc/rc.local before the line exit 0:

nohup sh -c "sudo service start codesys && watch -n 7200 \"sudo service stop codesys && sudo service start codesys\"" > /dev/null &

nohup starts a process immune to SIGHUP signals, redirects the process' stdin to /dev/null and both stdout and stderr to a nohup.out file, in this case stdout and stderr are redirected to /dev/null since you don't need to check the output. To use nohup is done so that the process is not killed when the execution of /etc/rc.local terminates. The & operator puts the process in the background, so that the execution of /etc/rc.local can continue.


How to fix result of command efibootmgr -t 0

Here u can get the solution for your issue

http://askubuntu.com/questions/63610/how-do-i-remove-ubuntu-in-the-bios-boot-menu

Change it too

sudo efibootmgr -b 5 -B

You have used 0 , Instead of 0 if u use 5 it will boot into GUI User mode


The problem is that you don't have execute permissions on the ./INSTALL file.

Fix:

cd Documents
chmod +x INSTALL

Now when you run ./INSTALL you should have permission to run it.


How to restore GRUB after restoring MBR with boot-repair?

You could always download and use Resc-a-tux.
This is a live cd with a primary goal: Restoring grub/installing grub.
It's a nice program which I used after windows just removed my grub without asking, and it worked like a charm.

Rescatux features:
Fixes GRUB and GRUB2
Regenerates Debian/Ubuntu grub menues
Check and fix filesystems
Fixes Windows MBR
Blank Windows passwords
Boot Info Script
Change Gnu/Linux password
Regenerate sudoers file
Extra tools:
Synaptic
Gparted 0.7


Secondary displays are blank with nvidia/intel drivers and only display mouse cursor with Nouveau driver

While not a perfect fix, this is what has worked for me to successfully resolve the issue.
Use the latest version of Ubuntu 20 LTS and the latest Nvidia drivers.
Always connect the external monitor to the laptop AND make sure the monitor is on BEFORE turning on the laptop. It appears as though Linux can only detect and connect to the external monitor if it is on before bootup.
Just a guess but i'm assuming that whatever initialization is happening during bootup is not happening automatically when an external display connected afterwards.


I had faced the same problem when I was learning how to install older Wine versions MANUALLY without having to deal with Apt-Get repositories and all that nonsense. Procedure below.
Installing older/different versions of Wine than the latest ones from the repositories in Debian/Ubuntu system is a pain in the rear extremity.
Plan B: consider hopping over to Manjaro, if it's possible for you to do so. Why? Because the Manjaro version of the Wine package comes bundled IN A SINGLE PACKAGE, and you install it using A SINGLE COMMAND:
sudo pacman -U /local_path/wine-staging-5.1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst
or, in the case you miss dependencies..
sudo pacman -Sy /path/wine...
(I think that's the command... I'm not in Manjaro right now,
the Sy command will download the dependencies for you
WITHOUT performing a full system upgrade, only the packages you need...
pacman -U is the equivalent of sudo dpkg -i , for manual install)

OK. If hopping over to Arch/Manjaro is NOT a possibility for you, these below are the steps for MANUALLY installing older versions of Wine on Debian/Ubuntu-based distros:

Let's say you want to install Wine version 4.1 (one of the last versions of Wine before the Wineprefix size increased from 100 MB straight to 600 MB, without no additional benefits and no avoidance of the usual bugs from the last 10 years...)
Go to https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/
and download all packages that have 4.1 in their name (they should have the same Date to them)

In the case of Wine 4.1 (the version that I've found to be the optimal one) these are the packages you need. You always will need FIVE packages in total.
winehq-staging_4.1_buster_amd64.deb
wine-staging_4.1_buster_amd64.deb
wine-staging_4.1_buster_i386.deb
wine-staging-amd64_4.1_buster_amd64.deb
wine-staging-i386_4.1_buster_i386.deb

Installation order. Here comes the tricky part, after you do it the 1st time it should be easier the next times. First, you install the biggest i386 package, always. Then, you install the small i386 package. Then, install the big amd64 package, and the small amd64 package. The last to be installed should be winehq (which only comes in amd64 form)

Below is a copy of my bash history with the order of commands I used to do this in shortest time.
sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt-get update
sudo dpkg -i /path/wine-staging-i386_4.1_buster_i386.deb
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo dpkg -i /path/wine-staging_4.1_buster_i386.deb
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo dpkg -i /path/wine-staging-amd64_4.1_buster_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo dpkg -i /path/wine-staging_4.1_buster_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo dpkg -i /path/winehq-staging_4.1_buster_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get update
...
winecfg    <used to create the initial Wine prefix>
<use these ones below to reassure that you have all libs installed correctly>
...
WINEPREFIX=~/.wine32 WINEARCH=win32 winecfg  <to test if 32-bit is working OK>
WINEPREFIX=~/.wine64 WINEARCH=win64 winecfg  <to test if 64-bit is working OK>
<you should not see errors in the terminal of the type
"but the wrong architecture is being used" >

Notice how you need to run
sudo apt-get install -f

every single time each package is installed. That will guarantee that the individual dependencies to each package are installed and configured, before you install the next package. (this is only needed the 1st time you do this... after that, you can put all these dependencies, store them in a Backup location, and install them all-at-once using sudo dpkg -i /path/*.deb )

Sometimes, and I don't understand why this happens, you won't be able to use Wine 64 bits, or you won't be able to use Wine 32 bits, one of the two. If that happens, simply re-install one of the big Wine packages again (depending if you need amd64 or i386)
sudo dpkg -i /path/wine-staging-amd64_4.1_buster_amd64.deb

It's very unfortunate that Wine has been distributed like this on Debian/Ubuntu system, it's an overcomplicated process with a lot of time wasted. The way Manjaro does it should become the official way Wine is distributed from now on.


How can install Aurora (Firefox) and keep updating it?

Add the PPA for it:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-mozilla-daily/firefox-aurora

Then, sudo apt-get update and install firefox currently is at version 10. As they upload a new release of Firefox you will get an update.

Remember, adding the Firefox Aurora Channel PPA will replace your current stable Firefox! This version of Firefox is not stable so you may find bugs! Use it at your own risk.


First, which version of Ubuntu are you running?
Second, check if graphics driver(s) have not been deleted. To do it, just run

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-intel

If apt-get tells you that's updated, the problem is another one. If apt-get tells you that it's not installed or you can update it, do it. Then reboot.

Try to detach monitors and run a game (maybe Tux Games) with 1 monitor. Maybe your graphics card is not enough powerful to handle 3 monitors.


Cannot finish Kubuntu installation, hangs on "configuring hardware 66%" or "configuring boot loader"

try this:

disable secure boot
enable - if possible in bios - legacy mode

use standar ubuntu, dont use kubuntu until standar ubuntu works - kubuntu is great but it can get buggy - so stick to either ubuntu mate Or plain ubuntu just until you get a working installation.

if you did set the computer to legacy, when you select the boot usb drive to boot, you will see the same drive name, twice, BUT one of them says uefi and the other one just the drive name- that one is the legacy mode.
So, if you are able to see the "just the drive name" select that and proceed to install. you wont face the "grub" stuck at 66% or later on.

be aware, NOT ALL computers are able to run linux, and specially MANY Acer models... microsoft pays or gives discounts to Acer so they make it so ONLY windows 10 works! not even windows 8... i bought a laptop 6 monhts ago and i cant install linux.. i can get it to install by manually selecting the grub drive, making partitions, etc. it get to install but it never ever boots linux! hope your 2 in 1 is not one of those..

good luck!


How to connect to internet after removing Network Manager?

Please open a terminal and do:

gksudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

Amend the file to:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

Proofread, save and close gedit. Now do:

sudo ifdown eth0 && sudo ifup -v eth0

Your ethernet should now be connected so that you can re-install NM or Wicd. After doing so, repeat the process but remove the eth0 lines if you select NM. I believe the eth0 lines may remain for Wicd.


Try typing

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic

into Terminal and press enter, then input your Password (it won't show on the screen, this is normal) and press enter. This will always install the header you need when your kernel gets an update. This is supposed to be installed by default as far as I know.


How do I change the language of games on Steam?

My bad, my language was in english, that's why my games were in english.

  Attention, the servers localization is not the language of games. That's why I was disturb.


Sorry, I do not speak much English

[Windows 8.1]
Open start menu >> Go to "PC settings" >> "Update & Recovery" >> "Avanced Startup".
[Windows 8]
Open start menu >> Go to "PC settings" >> "General" >> "Avanced Startup".

When you restart pc a window is displayed with options, choose "Throubleshoot" >> "Avanced Options" >> "UEFI Fifmware Settings" >> and click en the button "Restart".
You will be redirected to the BIOS configuration, you need find the Boot configuration, disable "FastBoot" and leave UEFI enabled, save your configuration and restart the PC.
Windows 8 will start again, follow the second step again.
When you restart pc a window is displayed with options, choose "Use a device" >> Select your Ubuntu installation, CD-Room or USD device.
Before install ubuntu, in the ubuntu partition configuration, be sure create a partition for the boot.
Install ubuntu.


What is debugging and how do I get involved?

Debugging is a methodical process of finding and reducing the number of bugs, or defects, in a computer program

The Ubuntu QA team "is focused on developing tools, policies, and practices for ensuring Ubuntu's quality as a distribution as well as providing general advice, oversight, and leadership of QA activities within the Ubuntu project."

In general, QA in Ubuntu is divided into the following areas:

Defect Management (Bug Triage)
Quality Control (Update, Application, and Pre-Release Testing)
Quality Assurance (Verification of Changes, Policy Compliance Review)
Product Improvement (Development)

The Bug Squad Team "is an essential asset in progressing Ubuntu and its derivatives; The Bug Squad is the first point of contact for the bugs filed about Ubuntu. Members assign bugs to packages, ensure that bug reports are complete, find duplicate bug reports, recreate bugs, and forward bugs to their upstream authors. All of these activities help bugs get fixed and subsequently make Ubuntu even better."

Triaging bugs consists of several things:

Responding to new bugs as they are filed.
Ensuring that new bugs have all the necessary information.
Assigning bugs to the proper package.
Confirming bug reports by trying to reproduce them.
Setting the importance of bugs reports. (Bug Control members only)
Searching for and marking duplicates in the bug tracking system.
Sending bugs to their upstream authors, when applicable.
Cross-referencing bugs from other distributions.
Expiring old bugs.

You also have UbuntuTestingDay and 5-A-Day.

Visit these web pages and you can find an easy way to join.


How to move windows around and between monitors, using keyboard short cuts?

In Ubuntu 17.10, the Shift+Super+Arrows keyboard shortcuts move the window between the different monitors.

Can be modified under Settings > Devices > Keyboard > Navigation > Move window one monitor up/down/to the left/to the right.


Package was not found in the pkg-config search path

The missing file fftw3.h is in the package libfftw3-dev, therefore

sudo apt-get install libfftw3-dev

And install libsndfile1 via

sudo apt-get install libsndfile1-dev


lubuntu 19.10 / myria MY8312SV / discover app / can not obtain lock

Try sudo kill -HUP 2469 to end process (probably background upgrade), or wait for the process to finish.


This seems to be part of laptop_mode (Ubuntu man page): sudo apt-get install laptop-mode-tools

more /etc/laptop-mode/conf.d/sched-mc-power-savings.conf  and on the bottom it says:

# Control multi-core power-saving tunables for the process scheduler?
# Set to 0 to disable
CONTROL_SCHED_MC_POWER_SAVINGS="auto"


There is a missing vertical line "|" (or pipe symbol, vbar, stick, etc.) in between the files listed in the parenthesis.

The command should be:

rm -r !(c_50.tbl|sim.sh|pam.prp|PROINT|spy.inp|s.bak|sr.ccmg|sr.drp|s.echo|s.mdl|st.prob|SUB.bsub|ufile)

What this command does will remove all the files and sub-directories in the current directory except for c_50.tbl or sim.sh or pam.prp etc.


Mouse scroll not working on Oracle VirtualBox

Disabling mouse integration in virtualbox solved this problem for me.


Brigthness control doesn't work on Ubuntu 20.04

I had the same problem & it's caused by Nvidia graphics.
Did you install " third party software " in OS installation ?
You can try to delete your not recognized graphics, but more easy is a fresh new OS installation and let system choose right drivers. Install via sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras , however if it won't enough to completely purge files and paths, much easy is reinstall OS. Nothing other works for me. Feel free to choose Normal or Minimal installation in first step of this window.


How to install a Python module to the non-default Python

while loading the module if you give python it will give you python 2.7. If you'd like to access python3 then simply type as python3 in your terminal.

frank@FRANK-NATHE:~$ python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Sep 26 2012, 21:53:58)
[GCC 4.7.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

[1]+  Stopped                 python
frank@FRANK-NATHE:~$ python3
Python 3.2.3 (default, Oct 19 2012, 19:53:57)
[GCC 4.7.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

What I am trying to say is , use python3 while installing the module. then it will go for python3.

To install the module for python 3 , do as

python3 setup.py install

Hope that helps.


What are the different options (-f, -d, -n) in the IF bash statetements?

All BASH options for if-clauses can be found under the section CONDITIONAL EXPRESSIONS of the documentation (man bash).

Quoting it:

  -d file

  True if file exists and is a directory.

  -f file

  True if file exists and is a regular file.

  -n string

  True if the length of string is non-zero.


Ubuntu 14.04 as router Destination Network unreachable

Please be more precise about your Internet-Connection.

First of all the tutorial uses a normal internal network on eth0 with a private subnet. Your's is set to dhcp. Are you sure you can get into the internet at all?

Does eth0 on the gw machine get an ip address? Check this with

ip a

if it does, then

try to ping and resolve google on the gw machine

ping google.com
dig google.com

works? Then your router provides internet, the problem is elsewhere.

Now Rule out every possible error through elimination, like this

*1. I'm not a Genius with iptables, but I'd suggest to try this without the iptables activated first, to rule out problems with the rule set.

Iptables should be off for the rest of these error testings. Bring it back up after you are done testing.

2. ping from every host to every host and look what you can get.

if you can't ping the gw then

3. Looks like it could be a routing problem.

or else,

4. that the route is not properly propagated through the DHCP server.

Looking at the tutorial, that might be the case, the default gateway seems to be missing. I don't know the exact code, but I'm pretty sure the default gateway needs to be part of the dhcp-package.

do a sudo route on all hosts.

If the route is set to the ubuntu machine then this isn't it, both route and dhcp are working. But if not, this is your culprit.

And indeed it is, with the additional info provided.

172.22.22.21 needs to have 172.22.22.1 as the default route
172.22.22.1 needs to have 192.168.0.1 as the default route
192.168.0.2 needs to have 192.168.0.1 as the default route
192.168.0.1 needs to get DNS and a default route via www-something????

or at least it might be, if I read the arrows in the right way.

Alter your routes so that they are correct and permanent, look here for more info

And don't forget you need DNS too :-) don't get this one wrong. You might be hooked up to the internet, but DNS might not work. So while using the browser you might think you are offline, but you are not, your browser can't simply resolve e.g. google.com.


The logfiles for the ssh daemon should give you specific information on what's happening here. Check /var/log/auth.log.

However, I suspect that the ChrootDirectory is what is causing problems.

When remoteuser logs in, the ssh daemon tries to chroot to /home/restricteduser and start restricteduser's shell (probably /bin/bash). Because it's chrooted, the ssh daemon will be looking for /home/restricteduser/bin/bash.

Additionally, any libraries needed by the shell need to be present in the chroot (check with ldd /bin/bash), and the same applies to any files that the shell expects to be available when started. If the ssh daemon itself needs access to files, they will need to be present too.

If restricteduser is to run any programs once logged-in, they'll need to be in the chroot too, as well as their dependent libraries/files.

This can get quite complex. If you're simply looking to provide port-forwarding, check out the answer to How to create a restricted SSH user for port forwarding?


Enable backspace to go to the previous page in Firefox

Type about:config in the address bar of Firefox and search for browser.backspace_action. Change its value from 2 to 0 and now you can use Backspace to go back in history.


As long as the actual binary is from vim-tiny, that's what you'll get. The feature has to be compiled into the executable of Vim. Install one of vim-nox, vim-gnome, vim-gtk, etc., instead.


Your file permissions are wrong. cd in to your http directory (the one containing the wordpress and joomla folders, and run the following:

find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;


Systemwide themes are placed in /usr/share/kde4/apps/desktoptheme/ but you can copy to  ~/.kde/share/apps/desktoptheme/ if you want to customize for a user.

KDE Icons are place in /usr/share/icons or in ~/.kde/share/icons.
(KDE5: /usr/share/icons or ~/.local/share/icons`)

On the following link there's an nice example on how to customize a theme: https://www.kubuntuforums.net/showthread.php?56120-Customize-plasma-desktop-theme .


How does one use GRUB_DEFAULT to select a default OS for boot?

Here's the easiest way to do this...

Edit /etc/default/grub...

sudo -H gedit /etc/default/grub

near the top of the file, edit/add these parameters...

GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT=true

Then update grub...

sudo update-grub

Now, when you boot, it'll remember the last OS you selected, and make that the default until the next time that you choose a different OS.


While waiting for more details, a very good point to start with could be the relevant webpages from the email server the user is running.

For example, both postfix and exim (among the most used email servers in Ubuntu) have some documentation illustrating the concepts needed to host mutiple email domains.

The whole thing mainly boils down to configure local users to be mapped to specific email address(es).

Without any extra details, that's it.


How to restore a broken Deja Dup backup manually

Copying the solution from this guide with my modifications:

Open a Terminal and navigate to the directory containing your backups. This folder contains all of your files archived into many .gz files. Mine was in a folder called multivol_snapshot. Unpack all the archives with the following command:

for t in duplicity-full.[yournumbershere].*.difftar.gz; do tar xf $t; done

This might take awhile. I had 138GB of data which took five hours to untar.

Running this will give you your files and folders back in the correct structure with one caveat: All of the files are split into smaller pieces. You can join these files back manually easily by running the following command:

cat * > examplefile.txt

However, if you have thousands of files doing this could take a very long time. David Huss wrote a Python script called duplicity_joiner.py to make this easier. Download it here.

To run it, you need python and tk. Install this by running:

sudo apt-get install python-dev
sudo apt-get install python-tk

Using this script you can select the folder where to restore your files, with one caveat: This script doesn't maintain the folder structure. So, if you have many folders and files with the same name there is a possibility that they will be overwritten.

I have rewritten the script to address this. It will preserve the folder structure but can result in very long folder paths. Download it here.


How to add a program that is not installed via APT/dpkg to launcher?

You should create a Desktop Entry first:
Go in terminal and write:

sudo nano /usr/share/applications/adt.desktop

and write inside of editor:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=ADT
Type=Application
Exec=/home/dusan/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20140321/eclipse/eclipse
Terminal=false
Icon=/home/dusan/adt-bundle-linux-x86_64-20140321/eclipse/eclipse.xpm
Comment=Any comment
NoDisplay=false
Categories=Development;IDE
Name[en]=adt.desktop

Replace Icon and Exec with the path to Eclipse. Then press Ctrl+X followed by Y, then Enter.

Now you have desktop entry in Dashboard.
Drag it to your launcher. May need to logout.


The deinterlace option is now deprecated (see this git commit):

  Patchwork ffmpeg: Replace -deinterlace (which was broken by the buffer
  ref stuff) with yadif injection

You have to use yadif to deinterlace the input video (yadif means "yet another deinterlacing filter").

Visit libav.org for further details about yadif

In short, you will have to add -filter:v yadif to your command-line.


How to uprade from 12.04 to 14.04 LTS without internet connection ?

Well, first, the update from Ubuntu 12.04 LTS to Ubuntu 14.04 LTS will be officially available at July 24th.

And because you haven't internet connection, the only way is to use the Ubuntu 14.04 DVD.


Hold down the ALT key on the keyboard, then left-click-hold-drag the mouse pointer in an open space of the window that's hidden under the top panel. Drag the window to the desired position.

Another solution would be to install Compiz Config Manager, and configure the Place Windows pane to put the windows where you'd like them permanently.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
ccsm

More details here: Why are windows going to top left of the screen?


How do I sort the output of "ls" by last modified - including the date?

Check the -l option of ls:

ls -lt

Neat way using stat:

stat -c '%y - %n' * | sort -t'-' -k1,1

Reverse:

stat -c '%y - %n' * | sort -r -t'-' -k1,1

%y will give the modification time in human readable form, %n will give file name
sort will sort the values according to only the modiication time


Steam needs to install these additional packages: libgl1-mesa-dri:i386, libgl1-mesa-glx:i386, libc6:i386

It looks like extra packages are installing.

Try sudo apt install libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 libc6:i386 --no-recommends

I'm not on my Linux machine right now, so this may not work. It's off of memory.


The GUFW firewall solution (for me) was:

IN (FROM) Port 1900:1901

IN (TO) Port Empty

OUT (FROM) Port Empty

OUT (TO) Port 1900:1901

Both using UDP

How to add UPNP to Rhythmbox & Totem / Movie Player


From Ubuntu's Reddit:

Run dconf-editor.
Navigate to com > ubuntu > update-notifier.
Set show-livepatch-status-icon to off.

Programmatically you can run this within terminal for an equal effect.

gsettings set com.ubuntu.update-notifier show-livepatch-status-icon false


All right now what I want to know is if you used some software to create a bootable USB/ DVD for Ubuntu? I'm referring to software such as UnetBootin (it works both on windows and Linux) etc.

If no then kindly use that to create a bootable USB/DVD and then when you boot your system press the key that lets you get to the bios.

Then in the bios set the default boot disk as USB (name of the usb stick vendor is usually shown, which makes it easier to identify) or the DVD drive. press F10(usually ) to save and exit

Upon reboot, the system should automatically boot the USB/DVD drive that has OS.

There would also be many YouTube videos that explain the same .

Let us know if it works or not.


Gnome dash to dock extension minimize when you click, instead of shift+click

In Tweak Tool > Extensions > Dash to Dock > [little gear icon settings thing] > Behaviour, you can customise what the Click and Shift+Click actions do for any icon in the dock.


I would propose that you set your logs in $SNAP_DATA for now. Note that we will have soon some unversion DATA path available for your snaps, so that those data aren't copied for each upgrade/rollback.
Then, you can ship something in your snap like logrotate to handle log rotations and removal at your own convenience.

However, your use-case is quite interesting and not something that was discussed about AFAIK (logs best practices), do you mind raising this on the snappy-devel ML to trigger the discussion? (see https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/snappy/support/)


No Unity greeter after installing Xubuntu desktop

I had installed light-locker, which changed my lightdm configuration. Deleting light-locker solved my problem.


Check your BIOS settings. everytime I've had this issue it was because of bios settings. In fact a foolproof solution would be to use your BIOS's reset functionality.

Tell me if this worked, cheers!


systemd switched off of scripts in /etc/init.d/, and stopped using /etc/rc.local.  A similar question was asked on Unix & Linux and the answers provide great explanations with references.

Your immediate thought may be that init scripts are really complicated, and you're unsure how to convert what you have to systemd.  Really, setting things up with systemd is a lot easier than with the complicated bash scripts found in /etc/init.d/.  There is even a converter, systemd-sysv-generator, that you can use instead.

Some have chosen to use systemd to run the existing scripts, without modification.  In this example, /etc/rc.local is run, but you can select which script to run.

/etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service

[Unit]
Description=/etc/rc.local Compatibility

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/rc.local
TimeoutSec=0
#StandardInput=tty
RemainAfterExit=yes

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl start rc-local # Test it works.
systemctl enable rc-local # Enable run at boot/as configured


When Thunderbird Vulnerability Updates will be available for Version 52.9.1 in Ubuntu 16.04

Below is some information about mentioned CVEs from Ubuntu Security pages:

CVE-2018-5156 is not related to Thunderbird, fixed in firefox package;
CVE-2018-5187 is not related to Thunderbird, fixed in firefox package;
CVE-2018-12371 is not related to Thunderbird, fixed in firefox package;
CVE-2018-12361 is not related to Thunderbird, fixed in firefox package;
CVE-2018-12367 is not related to Thunderbird, fixed in firefox package.

Also FYI thunderbird is already at 52.9.1+build3-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 version in 16.04 LTS.

If you really sure that listed CVEs are not fixed in 52.9.1 you can use thunderbird from UbuntuZilla repository - it has 60 version:

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mozilla.list
deb http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/ubuntuzilla/mozilla/apt all main
EOF

sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 2667CA5C
sudo apt-get install thunderbird-mozilla-build

or use
Official PPA for Thunderbird Beta (ppa:mozillateam/thunderbird-next) - it has version 57 dated 2017-11-19:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/thunderbird-next
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


I don't know of a way to force printf to shift the exponent. Let's do it manually: multiply the coefficient by 10-2, and add 2 to the exponent.

n=1.20E20
m=2
IFS="E" read coeff exp <<<"$n"
new=$(printf "%.4fE%d\n" "$(echo "$coeff * 10^-($m)" | bc -l)" "$((exp+m))")
# => 0.0120E22

We can validate with:

$ printf "%e\n" "$new"
1.200000e+20


How to install packages without documentation?

In these cases, the -doc packages are not hard dependencies but recommendations. You can make apt not intall these by using:

sudo apt-get --no-install-recommends install texlive-latex-extra


i finally make working office 2010 and 2013 boths versions of 32 bits, 64 bits i don't know why no works, but i explain the two ways of install both. first you need the installers of office 2010 professional plus. later follow the steps, dependences and architecture of 32 bits.

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

remove all wine do you have

sudo apt remove wine*

later install from repositories

wget -qO- https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/Release.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-add-repository 'deb http://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ bionic main'
sudo apt-get install --install-recommends winehq-devel
wine --version
sudo apt install winetricks

later of this installation you need prepare for install office

first setup with

WINEARCH=win32 WINEPREFIX=~/.wineoffice2010 winetricks dotnet20 msxml6 corefonts

this install gecko and mono, you need install them, later install office with the setup

WINEPREFIX=~/.wineoffice2010 wine Download/office/setup.exe

and finally test word, excel and others, for me working in ubuntu 18.04 and working good


How to install zlib libgcrypt using apt-get?

When compiling you also need the development files, such as header files, for the required libraries. These generally live in separate packages. In this case that translates into you also needing the packages libgcrypt11-dev and zlib1g-dev.


From Ubuntu, open a Terminal and try:

sudo update-grub

And reboot.. Did your additional OS get added to the Grub list?


Network settings only allows me to add pptp vpns

Run following command in Terminal to install the OpenVPN network manager.

sudo apt-get install network-manager-openvpn-gnome


Same here 12MB/s vs 5MB/s. I think the main difference is the buffer size. By CIFS I use 1MB buffer size, by GVFS you cannot set the buffer size as far as I know. I checked the code https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/gvfs, but I am not a C expert. According to it the max is 64KB buffer size the GVFS SMB implementation can handle. By the copy from SMB to the same SMB drive the buffer size was given manually and it was only 4KB. By the other parts it was injected from an upper abstraction level I did not check. It is a big lib. I suspect that GVFS uses only 4KB buffer size by default. I tried a CIFS mount with 64KB buffer size and it had the same speed as with the 1MB buffer size. I wait for the Gnome guys to confirm this and/or fix it somehow. Btw. this is a really old bug, at least I read about it in many forums.


Bookmarks and configuration not saved in evince(Default Document Viewer)

For some unknown reason (may be running evince with root) some file's permission has been changed.

You need to execute these command to return back the ownership and the permission -

sudo chown sanjeev:sanjeev ~/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home
sudo chmod 600 ~/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home

That should fix the problem.


CanoScan LiDE 120 on Ubuntu 16.04: Scan completely black

as from the reply from pavel,

  $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rolfbensch/sane-git

then run

  $ sudo apt update

If you do not have sane and all its libraries installed then install it by executing the following.

  $ sudo apt -y install sane libsane libsane-common sane-utils libsane-extras

should make it work.

I have also followed the same instructions and it worked. :)


Unable to move, quit software. Minimize maximize and quit is missing

I fixed it using the below command. It fixed all my GUI issues.
xfwm4

Open a terminal by ctrl + alt + t and type this command and press enter to fix it.


Thunderbird: Send Contact to friend via mail

The common way is to export the contact to a .ldif or .vcf file as described here and simply send this file.

For a single contact you need to add it to a new address list first. This way it's possible to export individual contacts:

right-click on your address book and choose “New List”
choose a list name like “export” and add the contacts you want to send

alternatively you can use Ctrl + mouse drag to copy
contacts from address books or other lists

via “Extras”→“Export”, export the list in the desired format
attach the file to your mail


Servers or HPCs (High-Performance Computing) are intended to run on a 24x7x365 basis however because of basic security updates or OS updates, they must be restarted to apply the changes. Linux kernel live patching deals with this issue and keeps away from restarts.

Live patching begins with making a patch to change a particular kernel functionality. The patch can be made with a tool like kpatch-build. The outcome is a kernel module, which is then delivered. At the point when this module is loaded, it guarantees that the processes using a specific system call are using its patched form.

There are three kernel features that make the way of patching possible.

Kprobes:

  Kprobes or kernel probes is a feature used by developers to evaluate
  the Linux kernel and perform debugging. Kprobes enables developers to
  break into kernel routines at many code addresses. This is known as a
  breakpoint and enables the developer to make some move, for example,
  to run a new set of instructions.

Ftrace:

  The following element is called Function tracer or Ftrace. This is an
  amazing and powerful framework to measure several aspects within the
  kernel, like events and interrupts. For instance, it can measure the
  latency of particular functions like writing to disk.

Livepatch:

  Livepatch is the third segment. It is likewise the most recent
  expansion to the kernel. With a custom Ftrace handler, it can redirect
  routines and bounce to a patched set of instructions.

Live patching includes four essential operations that define the life cycle of each live patch.

Registration:

  Each patch has first to be registered using klp_register_patch(). This
  makes the patch known to the live patch framework. After some initial
  figuring and checking, the patch is included into the list of of known
  patches. The addresses of the patched functions are found by their
  names. The special relocations, referenced in the segment 'New
  Functions', are applied. The applicable sections are made
  under /sys/kernel/livepatch/. The patch is dismissed when any
  operation fails.

Enabling:

  Registered patches may be enabled either by calling klp_enable_patch()
  or by writing '1' to /sys/kernel/livepatch//enabled. The system
  will begin using the new implementation of the patched functions at
  this stage. Specifically, if an original function is patched fo the
  first time, a function-specific struct_klp_ops is created and a Ftrace
  handler is registered.

Disabling :

  Enabled patches may get disabled either by calling klp_disable_patch()
  or by writing '0' to /sys/kernel/livepatch//enabled. At this
  stage, either the code from the recently enabled patch or even the
  original code gets used. Patches must be disabled in precisely the
  reverse order in which they were enabled. It makes taking care of the
  issue and the usage a lot simpler.

Unregistration:

  Disabled patches may be unregistered by calling
  klp_unregister_patch(). This should be possible just when the patch is
  disabled and the code is never again used. It must be called before
  the live patch module gets unloaded.

To check if the live patch feature is enabled or not, run the following command:

cat /boot/config-$(uname - r) | grep LIVEPATCH


Awesome WM not working with google-chrome

Pls try to install compton, and run it:

$> compton --backend glx --paint-on-overlay --glx-no-stencil --vsync opengl-swc --unredir-if-possible


Xubuntu persistence. Plop loading usb and no hard drive. -how to?

I would have thought it should be possible. The existing live CD/USB code supports persistence, it's just a question of creating a persistence file on the iPod and having the casper initrd scripts find it.

Once you've mounted the iPod, change directory to where it has appeared (usually /media/xxxx), and create a blank file with dd:

dd if=/dev/zero bs=$((1024*1024)) of=casper-rw count=<size in megs>

then format the file(!):

mke2fs casper-rw

After that, boot your live USB with the "persistent" command line option added, and it should work - you can check by running mount or losetup to see if the casper-rw file off the iPod has been mounted correctly.

If it doesn't work, it's worth downloading the source to the casper package, and examining the various start-up scripts to study the boot process. I've done things like this before and it's quite an interesting project :)


The previous two replies don't answer what Ryan wanted to know. There is a difference between default SMTP account and default email account.

If you want to change what email address is preselected when composing a new message, you need to change the default email account:

  "Tools->Account Settings...", select (highlight) the account you want to be the default, then use the "Account Actions" menu (bottom left-hand side) to select "Set As Default".

Source:
https://getsatisfaction.com/mozilla_messaging/topics/how_do_you_set_default_account

Note: As Ryan noted in this comment, the preselected address also depends on what folder is currently displayed. Though if you're not currently in a folder linked to a specific account (e.g. unified inbox), the default account is preselected.


xterm not opening inside Mininet hosts. NO SSH, NO VM

Run xhost +local: in a terminal without being superuser to fix the issue. Below the details.

The issue is due to xterm not working by default when authenticated as superuser (Mininet has to be run as superuser), for security reasons.

You can check if this is your issue by running xterm and sudo xterm in a terminal when being logged in as usual (if you did something like sudo su before this check is pointless).
If xterm opens, but sudo xterm doesn't, then you need to run

xhost +local:

sudo xterm should work now, as well as h1 xterm inside Mininet.
This is because with that command you provided graphical server access to applications running as sudo or su.

The setting won't persist between reboots, and it can be reverted with xhost -.

Please note that by doing this, you are giving any user on the system or the network access to your $DISPLAY without authentication (https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Xhost).


Is there software similar to Lernid for artwork?

Lernid is by no means "specifically for Ubuntu-run/related events" - it is a "desktop application to participate in online learning events". Lernid's code shouldn't need modifying to allow you to setup your own events.

There is some information on how use Lernid for "your own purposes" on the Ubuntu Wiki.

As far as I'm aware Lernid does not have specific support for images and video, but it can show "Powerpoint slides" and also webpages. So between these you should be able to show images and video.


rdesktop  - terminal app.

or

krdc - part of KDE


It seems like you have not installed libwebsock library properly. Try following link to install libwebsock library . https://github.com/payden/libwebsock/wiki/Installation

After installation check whether the shared library libwebsock.so is availabale. If so you successfully installed the libwebsock library.


it is very hard to find out the root cause of the problem because of the lack of evidences!! . but my advices to you are this:

reboot you system

did you completely installed the OS(without any error)?

make sure that your that you can access the terminal by ctrl+alt+t and check for the logs in dmesg command

make sure that you system has enough hardware configuration for the ubuntu to successfully boots (RAM,CPU,Eough space in hard drive,...)


yes, this should be easier than that for search results, I agree. There's apparently a lot of work been done on search from within the "Files" app. (aka Nautilus) but that's not out yet.

There's the way suggested by Uri Herrera in the comment (right-click → properties → see the Location bit).

Also, it may be handy to know that you can just Copy the file (right-click → Copy) as if you actually wanted a copy of it, and if you press paste somewhere like a text box, you'll actually paste the filepath itself.

So let's say your search threw up a file called foo.pdf and you wanted to view other files in the same folder as it.

Right-click foo.pdf and select Copy.
Press Ctrl-L (or if you prefer menus, Go → Location...)
Now press Paste (which is Ctrl-V, or right-click and choose Paste) and press Enter.

The Files app will now open the folder with that file in it, and select the file.

So if you like keyboard shortcuts like me, you can just select the file, hold Ctrl down and type C L V, let go of Ctrl, press Enter and voilá!


here https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2452475&p=13994804#post13994804 I have found a solution that works for me. After closing qlipper Gimp works fine again.


For very old hardware that is the only option, there are a few tricks that you can do to speed things up but if even Unity2D is slow on your pc then another desktop environment is the only thing that can be recommended.

You have said anything about your computer specs, maybe a upgrade on ram / cpu can be possible but to tell the truth that wont do miracles if the ram is already above 1gb and you have a decent cpu for your motherboard. If your motherboard can support upgrades other then what you already have then you can think about it, else you need to use a lighter desktop environment.


What is the correct order for placing flags and parameters in a CLI program

There is no correct order, as it varies from program to program. The OS just hands the command line arguments over to the program in the order they are given. The way in which they are parsed depends on the program or the parsing libraries that are used.

In most cases the order doesn't matter and common parsing libraries like getopt or Python's argparse allow order independent parsing. But other programs can be more picky. Also note that even with order independent parsing you still have order depended arguments. Meaning some options must be follow by a argument:

 ls --sort time -l

The time here is an argument to the --sort option and thus must come after it. However the order of --sort time and -l doesn't matter. Many programs allow writing --sort=time to make this more explicit, but not all do.

The GNU project does have a coding standard for command line handling and most of their tools follow that, but it's not something you can depend on.

In cases where order does matter, you generally do ./myprog -d file.txt and it looks nicer in shell scripts as well. The ./myprog file.txt -d style of writing is more for the command line when you just typed the thing and want to add a -d flag, but not cursor all the way back to the middle of the line.


Install Win7 from recovery - protect current lubuntu install

If you have only two partition (RECOVERY partition and Ubuntu Partition with rest of the hard drive), you need to create a new partition and restore windows 7 on newly created partition. To create a partition you can use default partition manager tool in ubuntu OR any disk utilities like acronics disk director,EASUS PARTITION MANAGER (free).

  These third party tools need to be installed in a windows system, and
  then you can create a boot able cd/usb for booting and managing.

First re-size the current ubuntu partition and use free space to
create a new partition (ref link: - How to create new partitions in a brand new laptop easily and safely)
After that you can use the tool called boot-repair to update the
grub. (ref Link- https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RecoveringUbuntuAfterInstallingWindows)

If you have installed ubuntu on a separate partition and you have a free partition (I mean no important data, as it will deleted while installing win 7), then install win 7 on that partition. Then use live cd/usb to update the grub using the tool mentioned above.

  Note: I hope you got a restoration dvd created if you want factory
  image restore. If you want to use your factory image stored in
  RECOVERY partition. You need to extract the image file (with extension
  .vim) and "imagex" tool for re-deployment. Its a bit advanced task.


This is not really an answer but it appears that you are having problems installing Skype on Ubuntu? or having problems with the web cam? Skype runs flawlessly on Ubuntu 14.04 (at least in mi case, with original or external cam), it will help to know what version of Ubuntu are you using?, what web cam do you have? etc.


How do I install the binary ATI graphics driver?

If you've downloaded the file and saved it to the Downloads directory, you need to make sure that you run the commands from that folder.

If you first open a terminal, you'll see:

you@ubuntu:~$

Since you've saved it into the Downloads directory which is located in your Home folder, execute cd Downloads first:

you@ubuntu:~$ cd Downloads
you@ubuntu:~/Downloads$

(optional) From that directory, you can run ls to verify that the file is there:

you@ubuntu:~/Downloads$ ls
ati-driver-installer-11-x86.x86_64.run

You do not need to make it executable if you use sh:

you@ubuntu:~/Downloads$ sudo sh ati-driver-installer-11-x86.x86_64.run


How can I supply arguments from variable value to the command in shell script?

In bash, probably the most robust way to do this is using an array e.g.

classpath_val=("-classpath" "/opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.20/lib/servlet-api.jar")

then expand each element in a whitespace-safe way using

javac "${classpath_val[@]}" com/example/Test.java

Quoting the elements in both the array construction and expansion prevents them from being split on whitespace. To illustrate:

$ arr=("foo" "bar baz")
$ set -- "${arr[@]}"
$ for f; do echo "$f"; done
foo
bar baz


On 12.10 & 13.04 with i915 Detected a hung GPU, disabling acceleration

I have a temp fix for this issue.  It was getting so bad that the system was almost of no use with a failure every few minutes and complete hang every hour or so.

Looking in /var/log/Xorg.0.log I found that the existing driver was using UXA:

  [ 12.905] (II) UXA(0): Driver registered support for the following operations:
  [ 12.905] (II) solid
  [ 12.905] (II) copy
  [ 12.905] (II) composite (RENDER acceleration)
  [ 12.905] (II) put_image
  [ 12.905] (II) get_image

The temp fix is to switch this off and enable SNA Acceleration by creating /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel-conf as described in How can I enable the SNA acceleration method for Intel cards, under Ubuntu 12.04 - 12.10?

Note also there is an open bug for this issue https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1140716


Which bios should I use for P877-V PRO/THUNDERBOLT mobo?

System BIOS is not OS specific.

You can update if you want, but I would install Ubuntu first, and then see if its needed. Because normally, if everything works OK, then I wouldn't recommend a BIOS update, unless its needed.  So go ahead and install Ubuntu, and then see.


Add a startup application in the background in UbuntuGNOME 14.04

You can start your Transmission after in background in two ways, either starting  transmission-gtk in minimized mode or using transmission-daemon

If you want to start transmission window in background with its app
indicator add following command in the Startup Applications

transmission-gtk --minimized
If you do not want to start transmission window but start your
download when your computer starts, you can use transmission-daemon.

Install it using sudo apt-get install transmission-daemon.

It will start automatically when your computer starts.

To stop it you can use
/etc/init.d/transmission-daemon stop


How to control KDE (4.9.0) plasma widgets from command line?

The settings are stored in ~/.kde/share/config/plasma-desktop-appletsrc.

Edit it.
Don't change anything from GUI to prevent rewriting the file.
Log out.
Log in.

If you want to reset all applets state to "factory" settings just delete the file in the step 1.


How to upgrade my iPhone 4 to iOS7 from Ubuntu 14.04?

I don't understand. You don't need Ubuntu nor is a computer of any kind involved in the process of upgrading to iOS 7. However, if you want to install iTunes in Ubuntu anyway, I would recommend using a program called Wine to do that (http://winehq.org). It is available for Ubuntu and is a program that allows you to use and install Windows programs in Linux. Also, Wine is not an emulator, meaning that Windows programs run at full speed because Wine is an implementation of the Windows kernel. When you download Wine, I highly recommend installing Wine 1.6 instead of the Wine 1.7 beta. Hope this helps.


running ubuntu of usb making it from current running ubuntu

I'm not sure about this, but I don't see why you couldn't make an ISO file of your system with Clonezilla, then create a live bootable, and persistent USB from that ISO, with PendriveLinux, Unetbootin, or similar applications.


my touchpad and keyboard in labptop is notworking in ubuntu 13.04

To get the touch pad working try the following.

Try the following

  sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-synaptics

  synclient TouchpadOff=0

  sudo chmod +wrx '/var/lib/dpkg/lock'

  sudo apt-get install synaptic

For the keyboard try the following to check if the keyboard is defined

  xinput list

For more details refer to the following link

12.04 Touchpad not working Asus g51vx-A1


Does updating Ubuntu 14.04 to 15.04 affect packages that I have previously installed?

Upgrading Ubuntu will not remove any nodejs packages from your system.
It is fine to update your system.


How do I reinstall Ubuntu without losing data?

Yes, you should be able to do it since you have a seperate /home partition. This tutorial should be of help. As always make sure you backup your important data things can go wrong.  Back up to the cloud or external media. Good Luck.


You need something to tell the outside world to route A.B/16 to your bridge, this involves some kind of router and possibly some kind of virtual router.

I'm not sure if learning this kind of routing is your goal or if simply getting VMs bridged is your goal.

If you just want your VMs bridged, then bridge them onto the same network as your host.

e.g.

$ sudo brctl show br0
bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
br0             8000.001fd085d98b       no              eth0
                                                        eth2
                                                        tap0

tap0 is added to my br0 bridge. eth0 and eth2 are physical nics in my VM host.

now when I start KVM I tell it to use tap and it will use tap0.

sudo kvm -m 1024 -smp 2 ... -net tap ...

It will be "on my LAN". This is as simple as I can suggest.


OpenSSL not picking up CAs in certs folder

There are several cryptographic libraries on your system:

OpenSSL (the gold standard, with a BSD-style (very free) licence that includes a somewhat problematic clause (preventing GPL compatibility, but nothing “bad”) limiting its adoption in the GNU world)
GnuTLS (the replacement from the FSF; comes in two flavours, LGPLv2-licenced (but unmaintained) and LGPLv3-licenced (and thus incompatible with GPLv2-only programs); historically not as featureful as OpenSSL, a bit more buggy, but more strict too, which enhances security)
NSS (Netscape/Mozilla's library, rarely used outside; slow to adopt new standards)
minor ones like PolarSSL, MatrixSSL, NaCl/Salt

All of them have, of course, similarities and differences. Software that uses them (for cryptographic purposes, or to use SSL/TLS) sometimes supports using more than one of these libraries (for example Lynx, the web browser, is normally linked against OpenSSL but supports GnuTLS too (just not as good) in order to appease the GNU people).

cURL also is one of the projects supporting using either of the three major crypto libraries. This is mostly because cURL is, primary, a library intended to be used by yet other programs when they want to download (or even upload) things using http, ftp, etc. connections. The curl command-line tool can come from either of these variants.

Now, I'm fairly sure that the problem you're seeing with the not-freshly-installed system is the following:

OpenSSL and GnuTLS both support using /etc/ssl/certs/<hash>.<number>-style CA directories. OpenSSL version 0.x and GnuTLS however use a different algorithm to calculate the aforementioned hash than OpenSSL version 1.x uses. (Both can coëxist on a system; if different certificates have the same hash you just use a differing number for them. But for some reason, Debian/Ubuntu's ca-certificates package doesn't seem to do this.) Additionally, some versions of GnuTLS did not support using the directory, but only using a file /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt (which is also usually managed by the ca-certificates package's maintainer scripts, but can deviate); you seem to be using an older version, so this may be the thing you hit.

openssl s_client by default (i.e. without the -CApath or -CAfile option) does not look anywhere for certificates.

Your curl from the upgraded installation most likely uses a different crypto library than the curl from the fresh installation.

Try openssl s_client -CAfile /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt -connect the-problem-site.com:443 in addition to openssl s_client -CApath /etc/ssl/certs -connect the-problem-site.com:443 to mimic the behaviour of older GnuTLS versions.

Double-check if there's an OpenSSL 1.x anywhere on your system (Ubuntu is known for sneaking major updates even into LTS versions), and if yes, check the hash of the file:

openssl x509 -noout -hash -in /etc/ssl/certs/GeoTrust_Global_CA.pem
openssl x509 -noout -subject_hash_old -in /etc/ssl/certs/GeoTrust_Global_CA.pem
openssl x509 -noout -subject_hash -in /etc/ssl/certs/GeoTrust_Global_CA.pem

Normally, either, the second and third command should fail (OpenSSL 0.x), or the first and third command should display the same hash but the second one should display a different hash (OpenSSL 1.x). GnuTLS would use the output from the second command (if OpenSSL 1.x is installed); if OpenSSL 0.x is installed that's the same hash. You can create such symlinks manually.

I can update this posting once you provide debugging feedback.


Upon installing Ubuntu 13.10, “acpid : exiting”

Boot ubuntu livecd,open up gparted partition Editor.
Rightclick on the /dev/sda2 partition and click on Resize/Move option.
Then resize it to get 200 GB free unallocated space.The unallocated space was placed just below the /dev/sda2 partition.
Right click on the unallocated space and select new option.In the create new partition window select file system as ext4 and then click add(leave the other options as it is).
Then run the ubuntu installer and select something else option.From the list of partitions,choose the created ext4 partition to install ubuntu.
After that it asks for creating swap partition.Swap partition size must be double the RAM size in case of small sized RAM's probably(1 or 2 GB).


How to enable global application menu in RStudio?

edit:

It is reported (see comments), that Ubuntu 16.04 and/or RStudio release 0.99.467 (using Qt5) or later do not support the following solution any more. See also the answer of lyz1990.

I found a solution on the RStudio forum (here). The issue has reported several times (e.g. here and here).

To enable the appmenu-qt for RStudio, link the qt4 menubar to the rstudio library folder. Run the following commands in a terminal:

cd /usr/lib/rstudio/bin/plugins
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qt4/plugins/menubar

Then (close and) start rstudio. This is how it looks like:


YOGA 910 The screen flickers in Ubuntu 16.04

According to Mangled and flickering graphics on Yoga 910 with 1920x1080 resolution, you need to add i915.enable_rc6=0 to /etc/default/grub's line 11, or GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT.


Follow these steps and your problems are gone.

Install Oracle Java 8

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer

and then

sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-set-default

Use the minecraft-installer:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:minecraft-installer-peeps/minecraft-installer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install minecraft-installer

Once installed, run Minecraft from the menu / Dash, login with your Minecraft account and the installation should start automatically.

Source


.bashrc vs environment for setting environment variables

Long story short:

If environment variable should be used by every user -> /etc/environment
If variable is just for one user -> ~/. profile or ~/.bashrc


How can I solve the horrible feud between Compiz's wobbly windows and GNOME?

Gnome shell uses mutter instead of compiz, and as such, does not use any compiz configurations or extensions. Currently (to my knowledge) there isn't any support in mutter for wobbly windows.


Unable to load /home SSD drive - Mounted /boot/eft A start job is running for dev/sdb1

After I realized the sdb1 is not where the /home files are located and is in fact a spare drive that is unformatted. My guess was to change the fstab file.
  nano -e /etc/fstab

This showed /dev/sdb1 was the /home ext4 default. I simply changed to /dev/sdc1 and everything is working as it should again.


In the Ubuntu Software Center, how are apps promoted?

There is a wealth of information online about how to market apps that also applies to the Ubuntu Software Center. Some examples that are not bad after a few minutes searching are:

http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2010/03/03/how-to-market-your-mobile-app/
http://www.karelia.com/mac_indie_marketing/15_suggestions_marketing_iphone_application.html

Now the specific things for the Ubuntu Software Center:

Sukaro app has a entry in our web directory: https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/sukaro/
Some example download buttons you can use: Top January Apps
Obviously writing a great description and asking users for reviews can go a long way, also having it translated, have you reached out to our Translation Team?
Icon's can really make a difference, having ones in all the sizes ensures a good first impression.
Check your keywords for your App, does a user search find it from the homepage of apps.ubuntu.com or when you search in the Software Center client, what about Google?