Grub errors during UEFI dual boot for Windows 8 (can't find command 'drivemap')

I had this issue as well. I followed the instructions here:

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GRUB2#Microsoft_Windows_installed_in_UEFI-GPT_mode

The curveball is that I could not edit grub.cfg directly, as on my machine it is generated by the grub-mkconfig command. I added the 'menuentry "Windows ..." { ... }' to /etc/grub.d/40_custom

The downside is that the windows entry that works is below all the windows entries that don't. But the upside is that one of the windows entries works, so I'll live with it.


use ffmpeg to transform mp4 to same high-quality avi file?

You always lose a little quality whenever you transcode from one codec to another, video or audio, but perhaps you can avoid it if you only want to change from MP4 container type to an AVI container. codec:copy may be helpful if you don't have a reason to transcode (and it should be faster).

If you must transcode because you need to use a particular video codec
I hope you can use zetah's suggestion above in his comment and use the -sameq switch. Alternatively, you may want to use the qscale option to set the quality manually. The lower the number the better the quality, but the more space your file will take.

The last time I transcoded video I used qscale=8.0, but I'd suggest that you experiment to find the optimum to match the quality of your input.

Marty Jay helpfully mentions that sameq means same quantizer as in the input, which may not result in the same quality. The article he quotes mentions using multi-pass conversion, which is a good way to achieve better compression without sacrificing quality.


"ubiquity crashed with indexError in free_space(); list out of range" when installing ubuntu 16.04

What is your HDD space? How much RAM do you have? It seems like Ubuntu is filling up the RAM and then the installation crashes, giving you that error because the RAM is full.


nVidia Optimus - switch graphic card without logout

I installed Bumblebee and switching to nVidia works on demand with optirun. Problem solved somehow.


Error splicing file while copying even with small files

Check your VMware Workstation version and consider an update. The official support for Ubuntu 20.04 starts with version 15.5.5, see VMware Workstation 15.5.5 Player Release Notes.
I had the exact same problem when I copied a 20.04-VM from a colleague (interestingly enough he built it with Workstation 12.x and it ran fine for him). I updated from Workstation 15.5.1 to 15.5.6. Then it worked.


Remove the old icon on the launcher and put the new one bck by starting chromuim it back it i did this with google chrome dev on ubuntu 10.10 (on docky) that helped for me.


In Ubuntu 16.04, which ACPI Global State does Suspend result in?

It depends on Ubuntu (and the BIOS capabilities). It couldn't be any other way because the operating system needs to coordinate a great deal of things to enter any state above S2. The BIOS may however inform the operating system that it would like to enter a particular state.

There are two suspension modes in Ubuntu, Linux and modern PCs in general:

Suspend-to-RAM (ACPI S3) powers off the CPU and all other devices unless they indicate that they need to stay on in S3. The main memory (RAM) retains its power supply and maintains the system state for later resumption.
Suspend-to-disk or "hibernate" (ACPI S4) saves the system state to a non-volatile storage medium, typically a hard drive or SSD, and powers off the system entirely. The operating system can see the stored system image on reboot and choose to resume from it.

It's not enabled or exposed to Ubuntu desktop users by default these days.

The other ACPI global states you mention are:

S1 and S2 are states with less power saving potential but quicker resumption. These are not typically considered suspension state but a computer may choose to enter them automatically as soon as the CPU is unused for a few milliseconds. This is typically done by the CPU and BIOS without direct interaction of the operating system.
Power-off (S5) means exactly what you'd think it does.

(Source)


ZFS modules are not loaded after kernel update

Apparently the version of ZFS available in the Ubuntu repositories does not compile with the latest kernel, which seems like an unfortunate oversight to me. Until ZFS is either updated to version 0.6.5.8 or the patch is backported, it won't work with this kernel, and you'll need to continue booting an older one.

Source: https://github.com/zfsonlinux/pkg-zfs/issues/219

Note that you can edit the GRUB configuration to save which kernel you last booted from and always boot from that one until you tell it otherwise.

EDIT: I'm actually on 16.04, but I'm getting the same error as that bug report, so presumably this issue affects both versions.


Cannot find Skype in Ubuntu Software Center

You can find more information on Skype at:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Skype

Meanwhile to get skype, you can use the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner"

This command will add the Canonical Partner PPA to your system.
Then use this command to install skype

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install skype


Navigate to the Windows Share in Nautilus using one of the ways described in the question. Nautilus is what you get when you click on the folder icon on the left.

While the Nautilus Windows Share being the active window, mouse over to the top panel to get to Menu > Bookmark > Add Bookmark The new Bookmark will appear on the left panel of Nautilus.

Hope this helps


How do I convert .ts files into something useful?

I tend to recommend leaving files in their original state, as any conversion has a chance to introduce loss. The .ts video format is a container format for MPEG, known as "Transport Stream", which is used most frequently by digital broadcasting systems (digital cable, satellite, etc). Many applications are unfamiliar with how to decode it, since it has a very different multiplexing format than the more conventional MPEG container known as "Program Stream", which is what is used on DVDs, and what is produced by many encoder cards. The difference between TS and PS is only how the packet structure is built; the A/V data inside it is the same.

To get better interoperability, I recommend converting the container from TS to PS. Virtually every piece of software that can decode TS can decode PS, so it's almost always better to have PS file. One of the simplest remuxing tools I've found to use is avidemux. Just choose "copy" for the video and audio streams, and choose the "PS" container format for MPEG:

Then just save out the result. This can also be done using ffmpeg. You just need to select the copy codec for each stream type:

ffmpeg -i input.ts -vcodec copy -acodec copy output.mpg


Notification saying "A new Virus is Stealing Data!" on Ubuntu 18

Keep calm, it looks like a mere phishing attempt with FUD. It seems some website(s) somehow tricked the user into giving permission for push notifications.

To fix this, follow the steps below.

Open Firefox, click the "hamburger" menu button (three horizontal bars), and choose Preferences.
Select the Privacy & Security panel and go down to the Permissions section.
Click the "Settings..." button next to Notification and look for dodgy-looking websites which are "allowed".
Select the website(s) and click "Remove Website".


How to suspend/resume cronjob if one is already running?

You can add a test, in the beginning of the script, to check whether there are another early started instances of the script and while this is true the current instance will sleep. Something like that:

while ps aux | grep -v 'grep' | grep "$0" | sed -e "/$$/p" -e "/$$/,$ d" | grep -vq "$$"
do sleep 1
done

Where:

the variable $0 contains the script name (and execution path);
the variable $$ contains the PID of the current running instance of the script;
ps aux - output the current processes;
grep -v 'grep' - preserve the lines that contains grep within the output of the previous command;
grep "$0" - output only the lines that are related to the current script name;
sed -e "/$$/p" -e "/$$/,$ d" - remove the newer instances of the script; remove all lines after the line that contains the PID of the current instance;
grep -vq "$$" - this is the actual test -q that will return 0 (true - there is at least one older instance of the script) or 1 (false - apparently this is the newest existing instance of the script) when the line with PID of the current instance is removed -v.

Here is a complete example:

#!/bin/bash

while ps aux | grep -v 'grep' | grep "$0" | sed -e "/$$/p" -e "/$$/,$ d" | grep -vq "$$"
do
        sleep 1
        echo -n '.'
done

date +"%T"

for i in {1..5};do
    echo "hello$i"
    sleep 2
done

Here is the test I've made:

In addition you can create a launcher script that will execute your actual script in the above manner.

$ cat ~/Desktop/test-cron-launcher.sh
#!/bin/bash

LAUNCH_TIME="$(date +"%T")"

while ps aux | grep -v 'grep' | grep "$0" | sed -e "/$$/p" -e "/$$/,$ d" | grep -vq "$$"
do sleep 1
done

echo "Job from $LAUNCH_TIME begin at $(date +"%T")"

. "$HOME/Desktop/test.sh"

$ cat ~/Desktop/test.sh
#!/bin/bash
for i in {1..40};do
    echo "hello$i"
    sleep 2
done

$ crontab -l | grep 'test'
30,31 12 * * * "$HOME/Desktop/test-cron-launcher.sh" >> "$HOME/Desktop/test.log" 2>&1

Read also:

Making a .sh script to check if SSH connection exists and if not then connect


How to decode play Blu Ray .mkv video format file?

The easiest way is to install VLC player.
Other good ones are mplayer, kmplayer, smplayer, miro, mpv etc.
Also, you can check the media with mediainfo --fullscan input.mkv


How do I get Ubuntu 11.10 to recognize my external drive?

Have you looked under disk utility to see if the drive is recognized there?  See this question for more info on opening the disk utility.


lsof accurately lists all open files.

The "problem" is that most editors open the file, read the contents (into ram), and then close the file.

Editors will then open the file when writing changes.

To see if any editors are using the file, for all users, run

ps aux | grep file name

Example

Open a test.file with nano in one terminal.

In another terminal run the follwoing commands:

bodhi@daemon:~$sudo lsof | grep test.file
[sudo] password for bodhi:

lsof: WARNING: can't stat() fuse.gvfsd-fuse file system /run/user/1000/gvfs
Output information may be incomplete.

Note: no output ;)

Now run ps aux

bodhi@daemon:~$sudo ps aux | grep test.file
bodhi     4736  0.0  0.0 121096  3404 pts/3    S+   17:49   0:00 nano test.file

Now we see the information we want ;)

nano shows up and we are editing test.file


"PUA" means "Potential Unwanted Application"
"Html" means a webpage

And it ends there. You should have far more notices otherwise this is a false positive. This (dutch) shows:

PUA.Win.Tool.Packed-177
PUA.Html.Trojan.Agent-37075
PUA.Win.Trojan.Xored-1

... pointing to Windows. What else do you see with that line containing 37075?

Example of a clear malware problem in the browser ...

PUA.Phishing.Bank Found

That shows a site that is considered a phishing.

I would ditch clamav for linux though. 99% are false positives. You are better off using firefox with noscript, ad aware and flashblock.


You may have to add the Kodi repository:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:team-xbmc/ppa

Running that command should add Kodi to the list of recognized updatable items (aka repos).


How to replace MicroStack external network (10.20.20.0/24) to our own LAN IP subnet (192.168.0.0/24)

I access the dashboard through tunneling:
sudo ssh -i <ssh-key> -N -L 8001:10.20.20.1:80 <user>@<server-ip>

Source: MicroStack: Collection of pro tips
To forward traffic, use static routing to the MicroStack machine.


No need to use pip for installing Tkinter (version 2.x) or pip3 for installing  tkinter (version 3.x). They are available natively in Ubuntu and you can have both versions installed at the same time. From Wikipedia:

  Tkinter is a Python binding to the Tk GUI toolkit. It is the standard Python interface to the Tk GUI toolkit,2 and is Python's de
  facto standard GUI.3 Tkinter is included with standard Linux,
  Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X installs of Python.

For myself I did have to install Pillow (fork of PIL) for image processing. In this case you still don't need pip or pip3 but rather sudo apt install is used. For example here is what I installed recently:

$ grep " install " /var/log/dpkg.log | grep -i pil
2019-12-02 20:31:46 install python-pil:amd64 <none> 3.1.2-0ubuntu1.1
2019-12-04 16:43:04 install python-pil.imagetk:amd64 <none> 3.1.2-0ubuntu1.1
2019-12-04 16:43:11 install python3-pil.imagetk:amd64 <none> 3.1.2-0ubuntu1.1
2019-12-04 18:59:08 install python-pil-doc:all <none> 3.1.2-0ubuntu1.1
2019-12-04 18:59:10 install python-pil-dbg:amd64 <none> 3.1.2-0ubuntu1.1
2019-12-04 18:59:10 install python-pil.imagetk-dbg:amd64 <none> 3.1.2-0ubuntu1.1

With Pillow imaging you can display images like screenshots in a Tkinter canvas:


If you can open a terminal, I'd suggest to kill the eclipse process:

pkill eclipse


A script to ping a group of IPs and return with just the Online?

The script below will loop in a subnet ips and return as a result just the online :

#!/bin/bash

is_alive_ping()
{
  ping -c 1 $1 > /dev/null
  [ $? -eq 0 ] && echo Node with IP: $i is Online.
}

for i in 10.1.1.{1..255}
do
is_alive_ping $i & disown
done

Note change 10.1.1. to you subnet , a 1..255 tell the script to start from 10.1.1.1 and loop tell 10.1.1.255

Execute:

./ping_scan.sh


Yoga 3 Pro black screen on wakeup from sleep

Try use the old xscreenserver that's help me also (HP Pavilion dv6000)


Open the file manager as super user, e.g. sudo dolphin
Be careful with such instance of file manager because you may delete something important and break your system
Create a file named autoupdate in /etc/cron.* (where * is hourly, daily, weekly, monthly depending on your preference). I used /etc/cron.hourly/.
Put the following contents into the file:

#!/bin/bash
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade -y
apt-get autoclean

... and save it.
Allow the file to be executed in its properties, or by using this: sudo chmod 755 autoupdate

And that's it! You will have your software automatically updated without any notifications
(of course, if you've turned off the notifications in update settings).
Thanks to boehj for the source of information: Automatic Weekly Package Updates Using Cron And Apt-Get


How do I get a list of packages installed by user?

You can get the list of installed packages using apt.

Press Ctrl Alt T to open terminal and run the command

apt list --installed


Yes, of course, even without seeing the script, "`rsync command to sync a large number of files (4TB+) from a remote server to my local machine." can timeout.

No, there is no cron feature to control overlapping executions. It's left up to you. See man flock, man lockfile, man dotlockfile.

Your script can log anything it wants. Your script's STDOUT is emailled to $USER locally. If emailling fails, a file called dead.letter will be created. I don't recall where, but after running

sudo /etc/cron.daily/mlocate

a simple locate dead.letter should find it. (BTW, /etc/cron.daily/mlocate uses flock. Take a look at it).

journalctl $(type -p cron) will show you system logs about cron.

Now, a word about using AskUbuntu. Please read  https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/ask-ubuntu/21 and https://askubuntu.com/help/how-to-ask , and only ask a single question at a time - it helps later searchers.


Yes, if you have a 4+ GB flash drive, you can install xubuntu on this type of hardware.
Hopefully this tutorial will help you. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vPgI3Kgc8RE
If you have another flash drive then you could store windows 10 but that needs more storage. If you want a clean version of windows 10 installed in the flash drive then here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0YmSdr6K2s
16+ GB flash drive is recommended for this task.


It appears that sudo screen -D -r will reconnect to a disconnected install in a 12.04 to 16.04 upgrade. This means no killing of packages or anything like that. This assumes that you didn't actively stop the upgrade, just lost access to the session.


If you want the guest to use NAT, you have to use DHCP.

Change the last line to:

iface eth0 inet dhcp

Now

service networking restart

or reboot.


bash, get part of file limited by 2 strings based on grep

You can't use positional parameters at all with aliases; your example only appears to assign a value whereas in reality both $1 and $2 are expanding to empty values then any "parameters" are being appended, as you can verify using set -x:
$ set -x
$ alias test-env="echo var1 = $1 , var2 = $2"
+ alias 'test-env=echo var1 =  , var2 = '

$ test-env aaa
+ echo var1 = , var2 = aaa
var1 = , var2 = aaa

If you want to pass parameters, use a shell function instead:
unalias test-env
test-env () { echo "echo var1 = $1 , var2 = $2"; }

For your main question, I'd suggest using awk in *paragraph mode" rather than grep ex. with GNU awk:
$ gawk -v RS= -v pats='aaa|hhh' '$0 ~ pats {ORS=RT; print}' file
## some info 1
aaa
bbb
ccc

## some info 3
ggg
hhh
iii


See http://askubuntu.com/a/1078746/231142 to add the GPG Key.

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv EEA14886

then run

 sudo apt update

As far as turning off the repository, go to your Settings -> Software & Updates then click on the Other Software tab and unselect it from there.


Ubuntu-desktop (file, edit, help, etc...) missing from panel after unity --reset

Here are some options:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall appmenu-gtk appmenu-gtk3 appmenu-qt

Reboot

If that doesn't work try

sudo apt-get autoremove appmenu-gtk appmenu-gtk3 appmenu-qt

reboot

sudo apt-get install appmenu-gtk appmenu-gtk3 appmenu-qt

reboot

Sources:

https://www.liberiangeek.net/2012/04/disable-the-global-menu-in-ubuntu-12-04-precise-pangolin/

Testing


autofs and WebDAV - how to make them work together?

I got it working.

For reference, here is a working autofs with WebDAV setup

Install prereqs

$ sudo apt-get install autofs
$ sudo apt-get install davfs2

/etc/auto.master

/Server.mount /etc/auto.Servername.mount

/etc/auto.Servername.mount

storage-folder -fstype=davfs,ro :https\://servername.mydomain.com\:3333/Shared.Folder

Note: change "ro" [read only] to "rw" [read-write] depending on your needs.

/etc/davfs2/secrets

/Server.mount/storage-folder "username@domain.com" "mypassword"

How I fixed it:

I had several problems.

I found a "definitive" guide to the parsing question for auto.Servername.mount on the fourth page of google results: here. So you do indeed need to escape the other colons using a backslash.
I had to turn on verbose logging to find my second problem (which was embarrassingly bad).  Open /etc/autofs.conf and find the line that says logging = none.  Uncomment it and change none to verbose.  Reload autofs : $ sudo /etc/init.d/autofs reload and then check for errors in /var/log/syslog (log file location and name will vary by distro).
syslog was telling me key "storage-folder" not found in map source(s).  Now to be fair, my storage-folder name is somewhat long and complex.  But I had checked it and checked it many times and again and again I missed that it was actually misspelled by one letter.  So that was my second problem, in /etc/auto.Servername.mount I had actually written something like storage-foldr instead of storage-folder, so obviously when I was trying to access /Servername.mount/storage-folder it was not finding any references to that in the config files.
After I fixed this, verbose logging gave me my next lead, as it was now showing the error Could not authenticate to server: rejected Basic challenge.  So this told me I was now down to an authentication error.  I opened /etc/davfs2/secrets and started poking around, and this time I actually RTFM because the answers were right there in the documentation contained within the secrets file.  It spells out exactly which characters need to be escaped with backslash, and it turns out that the @ in my username wasn't the problem, but I did have a problematic character in my password!  It turns out that putting the password in quotes is an alternate and easier way around the issue, and I put the username@domain in quotes too just for good measure.

Everything works now!


What is the correct way to install proprietary ATI Catalyst Video Drivers (fglrx) directly from AMD?

The following instructions explain how to install the latest ATI Catalyst video driver of Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin).

Ubuntu 12.10 instructions
Ubuntu 13.04 instructions

Note

  AMD has released the Catalyst 12.8 driver for Linux systems in
  August bringing some improvements and bug fixes. This driver is based on the fglrx 8.982 release, and it improves support for Ubuntu 12.04 LTS.

To keep up to date with the latest driver information always refer to AMDs official website as updates are published fairly regularly.

Installing the AMD/ATI Catalyst drivers for 12.04 LTS

Tested: v12.4, v12.6, v12.8

Important Information and Preparation

Only use these instructions if you have opted NOT to use the official Ubuntu binaries.

If you wish to use the official Ubuntu binaries or want to install
the latest ATI Catalyst video driver for previous versions of Ubuntu,
navigate to the answer of this question and follow the
instructions.

Before deciding, check if Ubuntu supports your video card here.

If you are currently using the official Ubuntu binaries and want to
install the latest ATI Catalyst video driver there is a prerequisite
to purge some files. Before proceeding with these instructions. You can Skip
the step to purge if you have a fresh install of Ubuntu 12.04.

Removing (purging) existing drivers

sudo sh /usr/share/ati/fglrx-uninstall.sh
sudo apt-get remove --purge fglrx fglrx_* fglrx-amdcccle* fglrx-dev*

Install these dependencies

You need to install some dependencies to your system, do this by running these in Terminal:

sudo apt-get install build-essential cdbs fakeroot dh-make debhelper debconf libstdc++6 dkms libqtgui4 wget execstack libelfg0 dh-modaliases

For 64-bit Only

sudo apt-get install ia32-libs-multiarch i386 lib32gcc1 libc6-i386

Installing the lastest ATI/AMD driver

Download the appropriate driver for your machine here from the AMD/ATI Website and then enter the following into the terminal (remember to navigate to where you extracted the driver to beforehand and make sure no other .run files exist in that folder):

sudo sh *.run --buildpkg Ubuntu/precise

If it is required, a package manager window will open and install some dependencies and after a while create the following four .deb packages:

fglrx_8.961-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb
fglrx-amdcccle_8.961-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb
fglrx-dev_8.961-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb

Note: It will also create a file called fglrx-installer_8.961-0ubuntu1_amd64.changes. If you wish you can read this file to know the changes that have been affected through AMD/ATI Catalyst and related information.

To install the created .deb files, type:

sudo dpkg -i *.deb

Note: In case any of the packages are broken, open Synaptic Package Manager and go to Edit -> Fix Broken Packages. In case you are new to Ubuntu, broken here means that some dependent packages are not yet installed. Once you sort out the issue as indicated above through the Synaptic Package Manager, the problem of broken packages should be resolved.

Continuing with the installation, type:

sudo aticonfig --initial

Before rebooting your computer: If you are using a beta version, you may want to remove the AMD "Testing" watermark. Otherwise skip the next block of instructions.

  Beta versions: Removing the AMD "Testing" watermark

  Edit the ATI signature file via "nano" or "gedit":

sudo nano /etc/ati/signature

  OR

sudo gedit /etc/ati/signature

  By replacing the "UNSIGNED" line with the following code:

9777c589791007f4aeef06c922ad54a2:ae59f5b9572136d99fdd36f0109d358fa643f2bd4a2644d9efbb4fe91a9f6590a145:f612f0b01f2565cd9bd834f8119b309bae11a1ed4a2661c49fdf3fad11986cc4f641f1ba1f2265909a8e34ff1699309bf211a7eb4d7662cd9f8e3faf14986d92f646f1bc

  Make sure to save before/on closing the file.

  That will remove the AMD "Testing" watermark (which you will now never
  see) from the bottom right of your screen when you reboot
  (source).

Now go ahead and reboot your computer.

If all is right, the fglrx driver that corresponds to AMD/ATI Catalyst will be installed and working on your system. To confirm the drivers are working open a terminal and type:

fglrxinfo

You should get an output similar to the following:

display: :0  screen: 0
OpenGL vendor string: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
OpenGL renderer string: ATI Radeon HD 4300/4500 Series
OpenGL version string: 3.3.11631 Compatibility Profile Context

Note: If you see any mention of MESA in the output, the fglrx drivers have not been installed correctly. See the troubleshooting section for more details

You can make configuration changes through the AMD/ATI Catalyst Control Center. It can either be found in your Application menu or you can launch it through a terminal like this:

sudo amdcccle

IMPORTANT NOTE:

Be aware that when you manually install fglrx, this can subtly break your system, since the packaging system isn't made aware of your changes.

The Launchpad developers get many bug reports from users who do this and then later discover after a few upgrades that their system starts behaving weird because of those fglrx remnants.


I want to uninstall Ubuntu completely and install Windows 8.1, but everything I've tried hasn't worked

Frankly.. you need to contact Microsoft support to get an installation medium if you don't have a Windows system that you can use to use the official MS download tool.

You can then easily delete the Ubuntu installation during the Windows installation.


It should be quite simple. It would seem that GRUB is simply installed incorrectly.

You could first try opening a terminal and running sudo update-grub

If that doesn't solve the problem, run sudo grub-install /dev/sda (if you get an error, replace sda with hda), and then run sudo update-grub


What is "Task" in the output of "apt-cache show package_name"?

The Task field in your output means that the package is part of the task edubuntu-desktop-gnome for example.

This function is similar to that of meta-packages, and, in fact, most (but not all) of the tasks available from tasksel (task select) are also available as meta-packages.

To install tasksel type:

apt-get install tasksel

You can list all available tasks with this command (output stripped), but tasksel must be installed first:

root@host:~# grep 'Task\|Description' /usr/share/tasksel/ubuntu-tasks.desc
...
Task: minimal
Description: Minimal base system
...

You can also invoke tasksel as root by:

root@host:~# tasksel

You may know this from the installation routine, because those "tasks" are normally installed during early system setup.

So, those packages in apt-cache show that have not the Task field (pdfgrep in your question) are not part of a task and will not be installed when you install a task via it's meta-package or tasksel. On the contrary inkscape is part of many different tasks, whose meaning you can find in /usr/share/tasksel/ubuntu-tasks.desc.


How to resize /run (to make /run/shm bigger) properly - and where is it's' size set?

In Ubuntu those mounts are configured in /lib/init/fstab, and as it says there in the default comments, to override the settings you can simply copy the line to /etc/fstab and modify as you see fit.

# /lib/init/fstab: static file system information.
#
# These are the filesystems that are always mounted on boot, you can
# override any of these by copying the appropriate line from this file into
# /etc/fstab and tweaking it as you see fit.  See fstab(5).


How can I fix a missing/renamed libc.so.6?

You should just boot from a live USB (or CD/DVD) and rename libc.so.6 back.
LD_PRELOAD doesn't work with setuid executables. But, if you want, you can use /bin/busybox to do last-minute backups (that don't require running commands as root) before rebooting. It's possible to fix this without a live USB/CD/DVD, but you will still need to reboot, and I suggest using one.

LD_PRELOAD doesn't work with setuid commands.
Currently you are attempting to make sudo use the renamed shared library by setting LD_PRELOAD. This will not work. You cannot change what shared libraries sudo links to with LD_PRELOAD, and it doesn't work with any of the alternatives to sudo either. If you could do this, then it would be an extremely severe security bug.
The way sudo and pkexec (and su) work to allow you to elevate privileges is that those executables have the setuid bit set0, which causes them to run as the user who owns them, which for those executables is the root user, rather than the user that actually runs them. When they run, they very carefully validate what you are asking them to do. In this way, provided their developers were careful enough, they will only allow users to perform actions they are authorized to perform.
LD_PRELOAD has no effect for setuid executables run by users other than their owners. This is absolutely vital for security. Otherwise, anybody could make their own library and force a program like sudo to use it, and then anybody could gain root privileges. You can use LD_PRELOAD to run non-setuid programs, and root can use it to run just about anything. But as a non-root user, you cannot use it to run programs like sudo, pkexec, and su that are setuid root.
If you already had a root shell running then you wouldn't need to reboot. But even if you have the root account enabled--that is, even if you had a password set for it that you could use to log in as root with a command like su--you would still not be able to fix the problem without rebooting. For example su in Ubuntu also requires libc.so.6 and is also setuid root so LD_PRELOAD won't work with it either.1 (See also Peter Cordes's comments.)
The issue here is that the available mechanisms for performing actions as root require that you run setuid executables owned by root as yourself, but LD_PRELOAD has no effect in that situation. If it weren't for the need to perform actions as root--or if you already had a root shell open--then you would be able to rename it back easily without rebooting and also without using LD_PRELOAD. This is because Ubuntu systems have /bin/busybox, which is statically linked. It lets you run many of the common *nix tools, including the mv and cp commands. You can run /bin/busybox mv source destination or you can run just /bin/busybox sh to get a shell in which you can then run the commands. Run /bin/busybox with no arguments to get a list of supported commands. It even has a version of dpkg!
You can back up files (if you want) and reboot to a live environment.
I mention busybox chiefly because, although you will not be able to use it to gain root privileges and restore libc.so.6, you can use it to back up any files you're concerned about losing before you reboot into a live environment. I very much doubt you would lose anything, but since you're concerned, you may want to use busybox to copy any important files--like documents you've created or modified since your last backup--to another location.
Rebooting in the usual way may not get very far, because normal shutdowns actually involve running dynamically linked programs that depend on libc.so.6. You may want to use Alt+SysRq+REISUB to reboot safely. This is not an ideal way to shut down, but it is probably better than a mostly ineffectual attempt to reboot followed by a hard reset. Another option would be to attempt to reboot and then attempt to use the REISUB method to take it the rest of the way. (If you want to power off the machine rather than rebooting it, use REISUO instead of REISUB.)
When you do boot from a live environment, renaming the file will be easy. You don't need to chroot or do anything fancy. Just mount your root filesystem (which you can usually do with one click in the file browser, though you can use the mount command if you like). Then, in a terminal, use the mv or cp command to restore libc.so.6. You'll need sudo, but that works fine in a live environment.
I know you mentioned you don't have a rescue disk. It would be difficult, perhaps impossible, to create a bootable live USB on that system, where you cannot run most programs. (You can use busybox to copy and move files, and it even has a dd comand, but I wouldn't recommend trying to use it for that. Usually you would need to be able to run dd as root to create live media.) Perhaps someone will suggest a way. If you have another machine to put the hard disk in, hopefully you can create it with that machine. If not, your best bet may be to ask an acquaintance to make one.
There's a way without a live CD/DVD/USB, but you still must reboot.
However, there is an alternative to booting from external media.2 You will still have to reboot, but you don't need a live system. I don't especially recommend this, as it is cumbersome; using a live environment is easier. You can do it without one if you really want to, though.
As Zanna had previously pointed out in comments, rescue mode would not work because most programs need libc.6.so (for example, /bin/bash, which provides the shell, needs it). But you can boot the system with /bin/busybox sh as init by passing init=/bin/busybox sh as a boot option to the kernel in GRUB.3 This is essentially the same technique as the more common init=/bin/sh (or init=/bin/bash) to get a root shell, but with /bin/busybox sh instead of the regular /bin/sh, because /bin/sh is dynamically linked and requires libc.so.6.
If you want to do it this way, hold down the left Shift key while (re)booting so the GRUB boot menu appears. (If Shift doesn't work, use Esc.) With the arrow keys, select Advanced options for Ubuntu and press Enter. After this point you won't press Enter because that would boot normally rather than with custom boot options. Select any kernel and press e to edit its boot options temporarily. If there are multiple lines and your cursor is not on the line that starts with linux, move it there with the arrow keys. Add init=/bin/busybox sh to the end of that line and press F10 to boot it.
You should get a BusyBox shell prompt. You'll have to remount the root filesystem readwrite and rename libc.so.6 so it has the correct name that it used to have. To achieve this, run these commands in the BusyBox shell (where other readers who have libc.so.6 in a different location would have to adjust the directory name passed to the cd command):
mount -o remount,rw /
cd /lib64
mv libc.so.6.bak libc.so.6

Then I recommend you then sync any cached writes to the filesystem, remount it readonly, and reboot:
sync
mount -o remount,ro /
reboot -f

(Without -f, the reboot command does not work at all in this situation, as no proper init daemon is running.)

0 For those who are interested: when those programs (like sudo) actually run your command or create a shell as root or some other alternate user, both your real and effective user IDs are set to that of the target user. But when you run them, before they have done this, while they are determining if they should allow you to perform the action you have asked for, their effective user ID is that of root while their real user ID is still yours. I mention this to address a common misconception about the way real and effective user IDs work in programs like sudo; if you've never heard of real and effective user IDs, feel free to ignore this footnote.
1 As mentioned, busybox in Ubuntu is statically linked and does not rely on libc.so.6. You might think you could use this to avoid rebooting, because busybox offers a su command. However, this does not help any, because as it is installed, busybox is not setuid root. To actually work to allow a non-root user to become root, su must be setuid root. The useful function of busybox su is to allow root to impersonate other users, rather than to allow other users to impersonate root.
2 Zanna contributed greatly to this procedure and also did all the testing for it!
3 This succeeds at passing sh to busybox even though you might expect it to be interpreted as a subsequent kernel boot option. Including quotation marks prevents it from working. Note also that, in Ubuntu, the statically linked busybox executable is just called busybox, not busybox-static (though the package that provides it is called busybox-static). If you've uninstalled the statically linked BusyBox and installed the dynamically linked BusyBox, then this method won't work, but it's very unlikely that you have done that.


Installation of Ubuntu 12.04 alongside Windows 8 on Sony Vaio SVF15218SN

Try to look at the following Official link to Dual boot Ubuntu with Windows Operating system.

Dual boot Ubuntu with Windows


"Used space" changes after shrinking partition

KDE Partition Manager gets used space from a few sources, some of which might be estimates. But as you said 20% looks a bit too much.

I think another thing is that partition resize tools might change some disk structures such as number of extents, so you need less space to store metadata.


How to create own Ubuntu/linux snap/tools - Like Automute on Mac os

I wrote Automute, flattered by the mention! To your question, both the apps in question have two parts: (1) Very simple UI and (2) Some "lower level" interface to the OS. In MacOS's case, it makes sense then to write them in Objective-C (or now Swift), as that's the platform's native language that allows to do both pretty easily.

If you're new to programming, I'd look into python as a good first language that has libraries (which themselves were written in platform native language such as C) that would allow you to interface the OS, as well as other libraries letting you build simple UIs.

If you're already familiar with programming and want to learn the language in which complex instances of such applications are built, in the linux world that would probably be C++.

Good luck!


Try using sudo su instead. That should work a little better for you.

Let me know if this helps.


Why using (or not) dedicated bridges with LXD?

One of the reasons, I found out in the meantime, is that the bridge will be working at ISO/OSI layer 2 and therefore firewalling is much more difficult (it requires specific marking of traffic - with the source port/NIC).

Having separated bridges (and separated networks) makes firewalling more straightforward.


Run as root? (Just kidding, you shouldn't do this.)

Others might have a way to do this, but I think you should consider not doing it. The permission scheme set up on Linux systems has been very well thought out, and it goes deep into the system. You can really do a lot of damage to your system very easily, and the point of having you enter a password is to make sure you want change your system in some way.

Another possibility is that some malicious piece of software tries to damage your system. This has been a huge problem on Windows systems for years. On Linux, it's very difficult to do something like this because all major changes to your system need to be authenticated.

In the end, how often do you need to enter your password? Installing software should only happen once, and then it's set up. You'll need it to make changes to the system, but again, you're probably not going to do this very often and it's easy to make a typo and break your system.

In the end, it's up to you, but I urge you to consider how inconvenient entering a password is, and how much you gain from having that extra layer of security.


How to use the c/c++ code to change ubuntu's background

Blatant copy paste from here

Though the question was gnome-specific, there's also a way to deal with the wallpaper that is not depepndant on the higher layer toolkits. You should be able to deal with the root window (which the wallpaper is, in fact) by studying the source of xsetroot.c, the most interesting part of which I copypaste here:

static void
SetBackgroundToBitmap(Pixmap bitmap, unsigned int width, unsigned int height)
{
    Pixmap pix;
    GC gc;
    XGCValues gc_init;

    gc_init.foreground = NameToPixel(fore_color, BlackPixel(dpy, screen));
    gc_init.background = NameToPixel(back_color, WhitePixel(dpy, screen));
    if (reverse) {
        unsigned long temp=gc_init.foreground;
        gc_init.foreground=gc_init.background;
        gc_init.background=temp;
    }
    gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, GCForeground|GCBackground, &gc_init);
    pix = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, width, height,
                        (unsigned int)DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
    XCopyPlane(dpy, bitmap, pix, gc, 0, 0, width, height, 0, 0, (unsigned long)1);
    XSetWindowBackgroundPixmap(dpy, root, pix);
    XFreeGC(dpy, gc);
    XFreePixmap(dpy, bitmap);
    if (save_colors)
        save_pixmap = pix;
    else
        XFreePixmap(dpy, pix);
    XClearWindow(dpy, root);
    unsave_past = 1;
}


I am not sure you will be able to accomplish what you want. In your case both projectors have the same resolution, so fullscreen mode would actually result in a rectangle. That is not the case if the monitors/projectors do not have the same resolution. Application would have to deal with non rectangular window. I don't think applications (or windows managers) can do that.

Probably you have one primary screen with launchbar, taskbar and everything, while other has nothing. That is already a difference, which makes screens unequal. When you maximize a window the taskbar on one screen makes the maximized windows of different dimensions. Well, fullscreen makes the same size on both but only if they have the same resolution.

Does twinview makes actually one display? Usually different monitors have different DISPLAY settings (hostname:0.0, hostname:0.1,...). If you have more X servers running than you have hostname:0.0, hostname:0.1,... for the first XServer and hostname:1.0, hostname:1.1,... for the second one and so on. So, fulscreen probably takes over one screen (:0.0 or :0.1).

Take a look here. Maybe compiz can help you:

How to maximise a window across two monitors?
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/182182/stretch-window-over-two-monitors-with-gap-in-between
https://superuser.com/questions/241094/how-to-fullscreen-application-across-both-monitors-of-dual-head-display


Is there a way to access the empathy roster via the user-menu?

With the empathy-menu extension I got exactly what I was looking for: It makes the empathy-roster accessible through a "Chat" entry in the user-menu.


Broadcom 4311 wireless card on Dell 9400 (E1705) not working

Please do:

sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-firmware-nonfree

Reboot


How do I sync Evolution's "Sent" folder?

Evolution by default stores the send mails for every account you create on a local folder to your computer. This folder can be accessed either by the evolution interface ("On this computer --> Sent") or by navigating to /home/YOUR_USERNAME_HERE/.evolution/mail/local and locating the file named "Sent". (This file is actually a .mbox file and you can even open it with gedit!)

So to sync this file with Ubuntu One just add a cron script to copy that .mbox file to your Ubuntu One folder. I give you an example of running the copy process every 5 minutes:

$gksu gedit /etc/crontab

add at the end of that file :

*/5 * * * *  YOUR_USERNAME_HERE  cp /home/YOUR_USERNAME_HERE/.evolution/mail/local/Sent /home/YOUR_USERNAME_HERE/Ubuntu\ One/

replaces YOUR_USERNAME_HERE in the command above.


Resolution resets after every reboot, Screen Resoultion stuck at 1024x768

Wow, we have the same hardware except for the monitor (yours is better). Anyway some rare monitors report having lower resolution (at least 1 resolution lower) than the maximum they support. I have a 1920x1080 TV that only works correctly up to 1680x1050.

My guess is to start playing with xrandr. For example, assuming your monitor is VGA-0 and the resolution you want is 1366x768, then do the following in a terminal:

xrandr --addmode VGA-0 1366x768

xrandr --newmode "1366x768_60"

Play using the --addmode and --newmode settings until you get the one you want. Remember to change the refresh rate also. I put 60 here but could be 50, 55 or other ones for the maximum resolution.

Citing the information from HERE we have this:

Adding undetected resolutions

Due to buggy hardware or drivers, your monitor's correct resolutions may not always be detected. For example, the EDID data block queried from your monitor may be incorrect.

If the mode already exists, but just isn't associated for the particular output, you can add it like this:

  $ xrandr --addmode S-video 800x600
If the mode doesn't yet exist, you'll need to create it first by specifying a modeline:

  $ xrandr --newmode <Mode``Line>
You may create a modeline using the gtf or cvt utility. For example, if you want to add a mode with resolution 800x600 at 60 Hz, you can enter the following command: (The output is shown following.)

  $ cvt 800 600 60
  # 800x600 59.86 Hz (CVT 0.48M3) hsync: 37.35 kHz; pclk: 38.25 MHz
  Modeline "800x600_60.00"   38.25  800 832 912 1024  600 603 607 624 -hsync +vsync
Then copy the information after the word "Modeline" into the xrandr command:

  $ xrandr --newmode "800x600_60.00"   38.25  800 832 912 1024  600 603 607 624 -hsync +vsync
After the mode is entered, it needs to be added to the output using the --addmode command as explained above.

There is also a section about Setting xrandr changes persistently which can help if the resolution you set does not stay after you reboot.


Unable to remap Win+2 key combination in 19.10

You are looking at keyboard assignments defined by the Ubuntu Dock. Super+Number opens, or switches to, the application on the first, second, third position of the dock.

To disable this functionality of the Ubuntu Dock, and release these hotkeys for other uses, execute the following command in a terminal or in the Alt+F2 run dialog:

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock hot-keys false


Well, I have to credit Seth for this really, but I was not aware that I had to log out after installing gnome shell, so what I did was this:

.

after that I was able to see the slider on the extensions website.

Thank you Seth!


How do I allocate more memory to Chrome?

Unless you've explicitly ulimited Chrome, the Linux kernel gives a process as much memory as it demands (up to the limit of virtual memory available). And Chromium will eat up gigabytes of memory if you have enough tabs open.

If you have a small amount of RAM (no more than a few gigabytes), you could add more, but realistically a single browser game shouldn't be eating up that much.

Otherwise, there's nothing you can do to allocate more memory to it, other than patching the Chromium codebase to use more memory :).

In short, I doubt lack of memory is the reason for choppiness (it's probably CPU-bound, or GPU-bound if the game uses WebGL). But fixing that is a different question.


How to remove all packages installed which are not in the repositories and install the current repositories' equivalents

I don't know how safe it is to automatize such a thing as reinstalling a massive amount of packages, so here's a manual approach:

Get a list of all the packages from Zesty:

apt list --installed | grep zesty > ~/Desktop/packages-to-reinstall.txt

Or do instead

apt list --installed | grep 17.04 > ~/Desktop/packages-to-reinstall.txt

Reinstall them using:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall <package_name>


Can connect to WiFi but cannot go on the Internet (Ubuntu 12.04)

When I look at your pictures I see that your device has sent packets back and forth and gotten an IP address from your DHCP server, probably on your router.

Is 192.168.1.1 your router? How does that address and the addresses for your domain name servers match up with what Windows displays?

Assuming 192.168.1.1 is your router, let me suggest some debugging steps.

Please open a terminal session with Alt-Ctrl-T and enter:

ping 192.168.1.1

you should get repeated answers from that address.

ping 89.150.129.10

and

ping 89.150.129.22

and

ping 8.8.8.8

These will tell you whether you can reach your router, your domain name servers, and a google domain name server.

If you configure your router with a web browser you can also enter:

firefox http://192.168.1.1

If you can reach everything but the 89.150.129.10 and 89.150.129.10 addresses you may have to configure your system to use a different domain name server--just a hunch.

To communicate with a website like ubuntu.com you need:

A valid address for your computer and a working interface to go with it. ✓
A valid address for your router on that network, matching your address prefix. ?
A valid address for a domain name server ?
Internet connectivity from your router to the domain name server (probably, if the domain name server addresses on Ubuntu match Windows)
Internet connectivity from your router to ubuntu.com. (✓, assuming you can reach ubuntu.com from Windows)


I disabled fast boot in both amd64 bios and w/10. I also changed 'launch csm' in the bios from auto to enable. In the boot menu on the bios, I have to prioritise  ubuntu from a choice of o/s - when only the two exist - in the boot order section to get the usual grub menu after booting.  That gives me a choice of linux or w10 but where grub is located is yet to be found. It certainly isn't in the MBR as I have installed a further copy of 14.04 as a test bed for upgrade to 16 and that placed grub in the mbr - which is by-passed by the modified sequence. I have still to put that right so i can choose either of two linux partitions as well as w10.


Ubuntu dual boot OS crashed my computer. Now my computer won't boot. Please Help

Boot off the USB disk or CD-ROM used to install Ubuntu (make sure it's the same version as you have installed).

First, you need to determine what device Ubuntu was installed on. The best way to figure this out is to run Gparted and find the disk that has the ext4 parition. Next to it should be /dev/sdaX (where X is the partition number). Write this down as you'll need it later.

Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T)
sudo mount /dev/sdaX /mnt
sudo grub-setup -d /mnt/boot/grub /dev/sda
exit, restart and boot off your HDD

If that doesn't fix your problem, try this:

Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T)
sudo mount /dev/sdaX /mnt
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount -t proc none /mnt/proc
sudo mount -t sysfs none /mnt/sys
sudo mount -t devpts none /mnt/dev/pts
sudo chroot /mnt (You should now see ubuntu@ubuntu:/# as your prompt)
sudo grub-setup /dev/sda
Exit and boot off your HDD


How do i Create a Zenity form with a check list in it

It would appear the --add-entry option is not supported when --list  --checklist are used. I adapted your code to create:

#!/bin/bash

zenity --list --checklist --title="Options"\
    --text="Select your features"\
    --column="Use"\
    --column="Feature"\
    TRUE A\
    False B\

zenity --forms --title="Create user" --text="Add new user" \
   --add-entry="First Name" \
   --add-entry="Last Name" \
   --add-entry="Username" \
   --add-password="Password" \
   --add-password="Confirm Password" \
   --add-calendar="Expires"

The first section you know what it looks like already. The second section looks like this:

The --add-entry works on --forms dialog box type but not on --list dialog box type.

Credit for --forms code to: (Post on Stack Exchange)


I see some confusion here. Xubuntu and Lubuntu de facto are Ubuntu but with a different desktop environment. Given you're hardware you should download one of those 2.

Alternatively, download Ubuntu 16.04 and after you've installed it change desktop environment to Xfce4 (following this guide: install Xfce on Ubuntu | itfoss.com) or LXDE (following this guide: install LXDE on Ubuntu | howtogeek.com).


How can I force all applications to use $XDG_CONFIG_HOME instead of ~/.APP?

I don't see a way to force such behaviour globally, since default config paths are usually hardcoded into the programs.

If you are looking for an easy way to backup all your configs, you could create symlinks on a per-app basis from ~/.app to ~/.config/app. While this unfortunately won't unclutter your home, all config files will be saved in ~/.config for easier backups.


Starting from a USB drive without booting

If your computer cannot boot from usb, first be sure you checked the bios settings and that usb boot is enabled. It's not entirely clear what your purpose is.

If you already have Ubuntu installed, you could use grub to boot the usb -- provided it's a full install on a usb, not the live media. You would just start Ubuntu normally, stick in the usb, then sudo update-grub in a terminal and it will add the usb drive to the boot menu.

If you are just trying Ubuntu for the first time, the easiest thing by far is just to make the cd and boot from that. But it is possible to install another bootloader to the usb, such as Plob, that can boot machines that don't have bios support for usb booting.

Most computers made in the past 5 years should be able to boot from usb. If your goal is to a distro in your pocket than you should be safe with a standard live media. (And best to make it persistent as well.)

If you think that you may need to use it on unknown computer that can't boot from usb, then definitely look into Plop.


first be sure the fan is enabled, as a default, its not :
echo "options thinkpad_acpi experimental=1 fan_control=1" >/etc/modprobe.d/thinkpad_acpi.conf

relaunch the module :
sudo rmmod thinkpad_acpi ; sudo modprobe thinkpad_acpi

then edit the thinkfan config file
vi /etc/thinkfan.conf

mine is setup like that :
 tp_fan /proc/acpi/ibm/fan

 tp_thermal /proc/acpi/ibm/thermal (0, 10, 15, 2, 10, 5, 0, 3, 0, 3)

 (0,    0,  41)
 (1,    40, 51)
 (2,    50, 56)
 (3,    55, 61)
 (4,    60, 65)
 (5,    64, 68)
 (7,    67, 32767)

the numbers are the temperature levels, for example > (5,   64, 68) means fan level 5 between 64 and 68 degrees
level 7, the maximum, above 67 degrees
service thinkfan restart

and check the messages with :
journalctl -f


It is stable to run Ubuntu as a router and server. However, most businesses prefer to have their servers behind a router because this, in most cases, improves security.


All my screen comes back to the standard Ubuntu look, but I want my old Ubuntu Studio look

At the time that you login, and enter your password, there is a little 'gear' icon next to the password field. You can change the desktop there, from Gnome to Ubuntu.

The image below shows choices for Ubuntu, and Ubuntu on Wayland.  You installation may have different and/or more choices.


Apparently you accidentally deleted Ubuntu while having root permissions.

Depending on where you did run the rm command there may still be data on your drive, or they may all be deleted. You should be able to see remnant data on mounting your partitions after booting an Ubuntu live session.

In case all your drive is empty you need data recovery tools to harvest your important personal data such as extundelete or TestDisk. The latter will also recover files after partitions were changed.

After you successfully had recovered your data you will have to reinstall Ubuntu.


Can't lock screen any longer, 16.04 Unity

Just as another user remarked, I solved my problem by running unity-tweak-tool and removed check disabling "Desktop Lock". I don't know how this got  disabled in the first place!?!


Safe to install Nvidia drivers with my setup?

You can try Bumblebee driver.

Here is how to install bumblebee:

Quoting from Bumblebee on Ubuntu Wiki

  You need to open your terminal and enter the commands below.

  If on 12.04.3, replace linux-headers-generic with
  linux-headers-generic-lts-raring.

  (not needed for 13.10 Saucy and newer)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable

  Enable the Universe and Multiverse repositories (for bumblebee and nvidia packages respectively).
  sudo apt-get update

  Install Bumblebee using the default proprietary nvidia driver:

sudo apt-get install bumblebee virtualgl linux-headers-generic

  Reboot

Now you have to install Bumblebee GUI to manage apps to be opened using nVidia. Here is the instructions from How to install Bumblebee-UI (GUI) in Ubuntu 12.04

  Install Git:

sudo apt-get install git

  Make a directory for git:

mkdir git
cd git

  Check out the repository:

git clone https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/bumblebee-ui.git
cd bumblebee-ui
sudo ./INSTALL

  Go to Startup Applications and add /usr/local/bin/bumblebee-indicator

Now reboot again.


Try to reinstall GRUB with this guide. I think this will detect the Ubuntu installation and add make a menu to choose between Ubuntu or Windows.


Ubuntu accessibility software for Parkinsons disease

eViacam
Enable Viacam (eViacam) is a mouse replacement software that moves the pointer as you move your head.

Support: MS Windows, GNU/Linux

License: GNU/GPL3

Package: Already in repository, install with
sudo apt-get install eviacam


Visual Effects not working on my Intel Corporation 82915G/GV/910GL Integrated Video

if compiz doesn't work with your chipset, then visual effects WILL fail.  if compiz does work with your chipset and the acceleration is poor(read as in software), you may realise that it sort of works, but the effects are really choppy.  i have used intel chipsets and had compiz work, but with choppy effects.

an acer aspire netbook with onboard intel and shared video ram is a directly pertinent use case that i have worked through.  some effects work okay, others introduce too much overhead and make the desktop nigh on unusable.


Why "curl -s" and "curl" give the same result?

From man curl:

  PROGRESS METER
  curl normally displays a progress meter during operations, indicating the amount of transferred data, transfer speeds and estimated time left, etc.

  [...] if you invoke curl to do an operation and it is about to write data to the terminal, it disables the progress meter as otherwise it  would mess up the output mixing progress meter and response data.


BCM43142 WIFI became unrecognized suddenly after reboot

I think it is a problem of drivers...
I can see Kernel driver in use: bcma-pci-bridge.
Your Broadcom Corporation BCM43142 802.11B/g/n [14e4:4365] should work with the Broadcom proprietary driver. If you have an ethernet cable please connect and execute the following with the terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source

When this is done, unplug the cable and verify that your wireless is working .


Getting Error cannot find -lnl-genl-3, while running make

Install libnl-genl-3-dev - development library and headers for libnl-genl-3:

sudo apt-get install libnl-genl-3-dev


Best way to burn data to dvd using command line

Found:

sudo growisofs -Z /dev/sr0 -r -J /path/to/debian7-64bits/

(OR)

sudo wodim  dev=/dev/sr0 -v -data /path/to/debian7-64bits/


Due to oldness of SeaMonster 5, it was compiled for 32-bit, so you need to install 32-bit Ubuntu 16.04 LTS on the VM for testing
Install Java

sudo apt-get install default-jre

Download linux version of SeaMonster 5

cd ~/Downloads
wget https://netcologne.dl.sourceforge.net/project/seamonster/SeaMonster%205/SeaMonster5_linux.gtk.x86.zip

Unzip it, set executable, launch it:

unzip SeaMonster5_linux.gtk.x86.zip
cd SeaMonster/
chmod +x SeaMonster
./SeaMonster

Get splash screen and enjoy!


convert a single drive btrfs disk into a RAID1 with a second disk

No, btrfs will create the filesystem for you. Before you add the device, it should look like this:

$ sudo btrfs filesystem show
  Label: none  uuid: 14736aed-faa3-4f03-819e-24369e9bb34f
           Total devices 1 FS bytes used 384.00KiB
           devid    1 size 20.00GiB used 2.02GiB path /dev/sdb

When adding the device (if there is a existing partition table you need the -f option, it will overwrite the partition table) it will look like this:

$ sudo btrfs device add -f /dev/sdc /mnt/data
$ sudo btrfs filesystem show
  Label: none  uuid: 14736aed-faa3-4f03-819e-24369e9bb34f
          Total devices 2 FS bytes used 384.00KiB
          devid    1 size 20.00GiB used 2.02GiB path /dev/sdb
          devid    2 size 20.00GiB used 0.00B path /dev/sdc

Then start the balancing process:

$ sudo btrfs balance start -dconvert=raid1 -mconvert=raid1 /mnt/data
  Done, had to relocate 4 out of 4 chunks


Not able to set Sublime Text as the default app

Even easier... right-click on any .c++ or .java document, select Properties. Go to the Open With tab, select Sublime in the list of available applications, and click Set as Default.

If, for some reason, Sublime isn't appearing in your Unity Dashboard, or in the list of available applications, then you should reinstall Sublime, as it's missing its .desktop file. Recommend that you use Sublime 3 beta, as Sublime 2 has expired.

Update #1:

To check the file system on your Ubuntu partition...

boot to the GRUB menu
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
at the # prompt, type sudo fsck -f /
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

Update #2:

As per @Terrance it was a problem with /usr/share/applications/defaults.list, and that Sublime Text 2 was expired and would not launch. See the accepted answer for details.


youtube-dl is running in the background, but it is still sending output to your terminal, and producing quite a lot of it to inform you of its progress. There are a number of ways to change this, but you'll probably either want to make youtube-dl produce less output, or cause its output to be sent to a file (or discarded altogether) instead of appearing in your terminal.

Way 1: Run youtube-dl -q to suppress status messages.

If you don't want to see the progress messages, you can pass the -q flag (or --quiet, which does the same thing) to the youtube-dl command:

youtube-dl -q https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ-ElsvYKyo &

You'd have to replace that URL with whatever you're trying to download, of course. Some messages may still be printed, including errors and warnings. But it's likely you want to see those.

If you don't want youtube-dl to produce any warnings, you can run youtube-dl with the --no-warnings flag. I don't suggest doing that, though, unless you're sure that's what you want.

youtube-dl -q --no-warnings https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ-ElsvYKyo &

To learn more about the command-line options accepted by youtube-dl, you can run man youtube-dl or read its manual page online.

Way 2: Redirect standard output of youtube-dl to a file.

To append the output to dl.log in the current directory (you can name this what you want, and it will be created if it doesn't already exist), run:

youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ-ElsvYKyo >> dl.log &

If you want to overwrite dl.log instead of appending text to the end, use > instead of >>:

youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ-ElsvYKyo > dl.log &

Normal output will then be redirected to dl.log (or whatever file you tell it to use). Error output, however, will still be shown on your terminal. For example, when I ran that command, I got one warning printed to my terminal:

ek@Io:~$ youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ-ElsvYKyo >> dl.log &
[1] 14456
ek@Io:~$ WARNING: Requested formats are incompatible for merge and will be merged into mkv

Everything else went into the log file:

ek@Io:~$ cat dl.log
[youtube] NZ-ElsvYKyo: Downloading webpage
[youtube] NZ-ElsvYKyo: Downloading video info webpage
[youtube] NZ-ElsvYKyo: Extracting video information
[youtube] NZ-ElsvYKyo: Downloading MPD manifest
[download] Destination: Lecture 1 _ Topics in String Theory-NZ-ElsvYKyo.f244.webm
[download]  23.2% of 359.52MiB at 204.49KiB/s ETA 23:02ek@Io:~$

You can view the output with cat (as I've done above) at any time, to check the progress.

When you run youtube-dl without -q, it produces output that is primarily meant for a terminal. This output includes control characters that tell a terminal to erase the previous progress message, so that it may be visually replaced with the new progress message. Some ways of viewing the file, like cat dl.log, will not show the "erased" messages or the control characters. They're still part of the file, though, and you can view them with some other utilities; for example, view dl.log works.

Way 2a: Redirect the output to /dev/null to get rid of it.

If you want the output to just be discarded rather than saved in an actual file, then you can redirect it to /dev/null:

youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ-ElsvYKyo > /dev/null &

With /dev/null, it doesn't matter if you "overwrite" (>) or "append" (>>).

This is a handy technique in general, though probably unnecessary with youtube-dl. If you want to suppress progress, you can just run youtube-dl -q instead.

Way 3: Redirect standard error, too.

Regular output and error output are separate. It's common for youtube-dl to produce both. The above method redirected only standard output. You can also redirect standard error. There's a lot you can do with redirection, including redirecting the two output streams to separate files. For our purposes here, I'll just show how to send both standard output and standard error to the same file:

youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ-ElsvYKyo &>> dl.log &

When I ran that, my shell showed only

[2] 15009

...and both regular output and error output appeared in dl.log:

ek@Io:~$ cat dl.log
[youtube] NZ-ElsvYKyo: Downloading webpage
[youtube] NZ-ElsvYKyo: Downloading video info webpage
[youtube] NZ-ElsvYKyo: Extracting video information
[youtube] NZ-ElsvYKyo: Downloading MPD manifest
WARNING: Requested formats are incompatible for merge and will be merged into mkv.
[download] Destination: Lecture 1 _ Topics in String Theory-NZ-ElsvYKyo.f244.webm
[download]   0.0% of 359.52MiB at 107.65KiB/s ETA 56:59ek@Io:~$

The above example used &>>, which appends to dl.log. To overwrite the file instead, use &> (or >&, which also works) instead of &>>:

youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ-ElsvYKyo &> dl.log &

Way 3a: Redirect both normal and error output to /dev/null.

If you really want to, you can redirect both standard output and standard error to /dev/null so it is all simply discarded:

youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ-ElsvYKyo &> /dev/null &

You probably want to see actual error messages, though. If it's just status messages and warnings you don't want, then you don't need any redirection. In that case you can use youtube-dl -q --no-warnings as described above. (See Way 1.)


Skype can't connect via built-in 4G mobile broadband modem

I found a blog that say that the stock drivers on your modem (Sierra Wireless EM7345 4G LTE) has some bugs in it, please read this link.

Also, did you try connecting Skype using a HTTP Proxy? Check the following link and give it a try...


In short, it is safe. But you should always have a backup of your data available.
Of course, no matter if you installed Ubuntu using Wubi (Installer through Windows) or at onother partition in your hard drive.
Dual Booting Windows and Ubuntu (from the Ubuntu Help page)
You can have a look at the Ubuntu Manual which is available for free.


How to handle signal in foreground process?

From what I can see of your outputs, your shell script has been closed and then you are trying to kill it. You can't kill a process which does not exists...

At the same time you can't run a program/command in a shell which another program is running in its foreground.

So what actually is happening here is you run your script, you wait until its job is done, now shell is free to run other programs and now you are trying to kill the already finished process. meanwhile when you send a process in background imitatively you are able to use the shell and you kill the process successfully while it's still running.


ZFS when dual booting Ubuntu 18.04 with Windows 10

Yes, you can use ZFS on top of a partition just like other filesystems. When you create the zpool, just do:

zpool create <poolname> /dev/<path to partition>

I would not recommend creating multiple partitions, since it will not get you any particularly significant increase in redundancy if they’re all on the same disk.


You can use dconf from a terminal to write the settings.

Set it (replace ## with your preferred size):
dconf write /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/icon-size ##

Reset it to default:
dconf reset /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/icon-size

These, of course, only work if you have dconf installed, which you can do easily from the terminal:
sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Hope this helps.


Too many Primary partitions (MBR) after installing Ubuntu

These non-named partitions on Windows 10 device management are created from Linux Ubuntu and not created from Windows because there are the partitions that would not show up in Computer but you will see it on Device Management and you are unable to access these drives, so you might get the partitions beyond the limit.


how to move grub boot from one partition to another in linux

Yes, this can be done. The command is grub-install and its syntax is like so:

grub-install [OPTION...] [OPTION] [INSTALL_DEVICE]

Since you asked for a live media recovery, here's a procedure from this tutorial:

Boot the Ubuntu Live CD.

Press Ctrl-Alt-F1

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev

sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc

sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys

sudo chroot /mnt

Now the fun stuff. Lets say I want grub to be on /dev/sda2, I'd run sudo grub-install /dev/sda2 or alternatively sudo grub-install /dev/sda to be partition/OS independent


http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/puregnome

Note, this applies only to Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric)

If you are using kubuntu or xubuntu, check for purekubuntu/xubuntu entries.

sudo apt-get remove abiword abiword-common abiword-plugin-grammar abiword-plugin-mathview ace-of-penguins audacious audacious-plugins chromium-browser chromium-browser-l10n chromium-codecs-ffmpeg elementary-icon-theme esound-common galculator gdebi gdebi-core giblib1 gnome-icon-theme-full gnome-mplayer gnome-system-tools gnome-time-admin gnumeric gnumeric-common gnumeric-doc gpicview gtk2-engines-pixbuf guvcview hardinfo indicator-status-provider-pidgin leafpad libabiword-2.8 libaiksaurus-1.2-0c2a libaiksaurus-1.2-data libaiksaurusgtk-1.2-0c2a libaudclient2 libaudcore1 libaudiofile0 libavcodec53 libavformat53 libavutil51 libbinio1ldbl libcddb2 libcompfaceg1 libcue1 libdca0 libdirectfb-1.2-9 libdiscid0 libdvdnav4 libdvdread4 libenca0 libencode-locale-perl libept1 libesd0 libexo-1-0 libexo-common libfaad2 libfile-listing-perl libfluidsynth1 libfm-data libfm-gtk-data libfm-gtk1 libfm1 libfont-afm-perl libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libglade2-0 libgoffice-0.8-8 libgoffice-0.8-8-common libgringotts2 libgsf-1-114 libgsf-1-common libgsm1 libgtkmathview0c2a libhtml-form-perl libhtml-format-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-daemon-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libhttp-negotiate-perl libid3tag0 libimlib2 libio-socket-ssl-perl libjpeg-progs liblink-grammar4 libloudmouth1-0 liblwp-mediatypes-perl liblwp-protocol-https-perl libmailtools-perl libmcrypt4 libmcs1 libmenu-cache1 libmms0 libmowgli2 libmusicbrainz3-6 libnet-dbus-perl libnet-http-perl libnet-ssleay-perl libobrender27 libobt0 libonig2 liboobs-1-5 libopenal1 libopts25 libots0 libpisock9 libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpostproc52 libresid-builder0c2a libschroedinger-1.0-0 libsidplay2 libsvga1 libswscale2 libtar0 libtie-ixhash-perl libtimedate-perl libts-0.0-0 libuniconf4.6 liburi-perl libva1 libvdpau1 libvpx0 libwebcam0 libwv-1.2-3 libwvstreams4.6-base libwvstreams4.6-extras libwww-perl libwww-robotrules-perl libxfce4ui-1-0 libxfce4util-bin libxfce4util-common libxfce4util4 libxfcegui4-4 libxfconf-0-2 libxml-parser-perl libxml-twig-perl libxml-xpath-perl libxss1 libxvidcore4 link-grammar-dictionaries-en lm-sensors lubuntu-artwork lubuntu-core lubuntu-default-settings lubuntu-desktop lubuntu-icon-theme lxappearance lxappearance-obconf lxde-common lxde-core lxdm lxinput lxkeymap lxlauncher lxmenu-data lxpanel lxpanel-indicator-applet-plugin lxrandr lxsession lxsession-edit lxshortcut lxtask lxterminal mplayer mtpaint ntp obconf openbox openbox-themes osmo pcmanfm pidgin pidgin-data pidgin-libnotify pidgin-microblog plymouth-theme-lubuntu-logo plymouth-theme-lubuntu-text scrot sylpheed sylpheed-doc sylpheed-i18n sylpheed-plugins synaptic system-tools-backends transmission tsconf ttf-lyx uvcdynctrl uvcdynctrl-data wvdial xfburn xfce-keyboard-shortcuts xfce4-power-manager xfce4-power-manager-data xfconf xfonts-100dpi xpad xscreensaver xscreensaver-data && sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

For Ubuntu 13.04 Use this command

sudo apt-get remove abiword abiword-common abiword-plugin-grammar abiword-plugin-mathview ace-of-penguins audacious audacious-plugins chromium-browser chromium-browser-l10n chromium-codecs-ffmpeg elementary-icon-theme esound-common galculator gdebi gdebi-core giblib1 gnome-icon-theme-full gnome-mplayer gnome-system-tools gnome-time-admin gnumeric gnumeric-common gnumeric-doc gpicview gtk2-engines-pixbuf guvcview hardinfo indicator-status-provider-pidgin leafpad libabiword-2.9 libaiksaurus-1.2-0c2a libaiksaurus-1.2-data libaiksaurusgtk-1.2-0c2a libaudclient2 libaudcore1 libaudiofile1 libavcodec53 libavformat53 libavutil51 libbinio1ldbl libcddb2 libcompfaceg1 libcue1 libdca0 libdirectfb-1.2-9 libdiscid0 libdvdnav4 libdvdread4 libenca0 libencode-locale-perl libept1.4.12 libesd0 libexo-1-0 libexo-common libfaad2 libfile-listing-perl libfluidsynth1 libfm-data libfm-gtk-data libfm-gtk3 libfm3 libfont-afm-perl libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libglade2-0 libgoffice-0.8-8 libgoffice-0.8-8-common libgringotts2 libgsf-1-114 libgsf-1-common libgsm1 libgtkmathview0c2a libhtml-form-perl libhtml-format-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-daemon-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libhttp-negotiate-perl libid3tag0 libimlib2 libio-socket-ssl-perl libjpeg-progs liblink-grammar4 libloudmouth1-0 liblwp-mediatypes-perl liblwp-protocol-https-perl libmailtools-perl libmcrypt4 libmcs1 libmenu-cache2 libmms0 libmowgli2 libmusicbrainz3-6 libnet-dbus-perl libnet-http-perl libnet-ssleay-perl libobrender27 libobt0 libonig2 liboobs-1-5 libopenal1 libopts25 libots0 libpisock9 libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpostproc52 libresid-builder0c2a libschroedinger-1.0-0 libsidplay2 libsvga1 libswscale2 libtar0 libtie-ixhash-perl libtimedate-perl libts-0.0-0 libuniconf4.6 liburi-perl libva1 libvdpau1 libvpx1 libwebcam0 libwv-1.2-4 libwvstreams4.6-base libwvstreams4.6-extras libwww-perl libwww-robotrules-perl libxfce4ui-1-0 libxfce4util-bin libxfce4util-common libxfce4util4 libxfcegui4-4 libxfconf-0-2 libxml-parser-perl libxml-twig-perl libxml-xpath-perl libxss1 libxvidcore4 link-grammar-dictionaries-en lm-sensors lubuntu-artwork lubuntu-core lubuntu-default-settings lubuntu-desktop lubuntu-icon-theme lxappearance lxappearance-obconf lxde-common lxde-core lxdm lxinput lxkeymap lxlauncher lxmenu-data lxpanel lxpanel-indicator-applet-plugin lxrandr lxsession lxsession-edit lxshortcut lxtask lxterminal mplayer mtpaint ntp obconf openbox openbox-themes osmo pcmanfm pidgin pidgin-data pidgin-libnotify pidgin-microblog plymouth-theme-lubuntu-logo plymouth-theme-lubuntu-text scrot sylpheed sylpheed-doc sylpheed-i18n sylpheed-plugins synaptic system-tools-backends transmission tsconf ttf-lyx uvcdynctrl uvcdynctrl-data wvdial xfburn xfce-keyboard-shortcuts xfce4-power-manager xfce4-power-manager-data xfconf xfonts-100dpi xpad xscreensaver xscreensaver-data && sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop


KDE: move window to top left shortcut key (not tiling/no resize)

In Kubuntu 16.04 with kubuntu backports ppa enabled to have Plasma 5.8.8, it is possible in two steps.

For example, in System Settings > Global Keyboard Shortcuts > KWin I can use Ctrl+Super+Up (Pack Window Up) to move the window to the top and then Ctrl+Super+Left (Pack Window to the Left) to move the same window to the left. No resizing occurs.

You can, of course, use some other keyboard shortcuts, but I'm not sure you can use just a single key as you can in Cinnamon.


xfce Taskbar does not load after installing Nvidia drivers

I am not sure if you would call it "fixing", but I just created a new Bar and deleted the others, kind of annoying work, but it worked.

Just screenshot your previous bars and then create a new one using the screenshot. Time for video games.


Problem with real-time clock since upgrading to Ubuntu 17.10

This has been confirmed as a bug in the Linux kernel (follow the status of the bug here: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=199033).

A workaround is to custom configure the kernel, using make menuconfig, and disable support for the CONFIG_WDAT_WDT driver. This removes the conflict with the RTC driver and allows it to run normally.


Ubuntu 15.10: Firefox can connect to internet on corporate network, but system services cannot

You need to manually configure your proxy server for apt-get. First check what is the address of the server, then type:

sudo echo 'Acquire::http::proxy "http://<proxy>:<port>";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf

Replace <proxy> and <port> with your settings.

To add proxy for HTTPS and FTP protocols use (mind the double character >>):

sudo echo 'Acquire::https::proxy "https://<proxy>:<port>";' >> /etc/apt/apt.conf
sudo echo 'Acquire::ftp::proxy "ftp://<proxy>:<port>";' >> /etc/apt/apt.conf

If your proxy server requires authentication, precede the address with username and password according to your settings.

Your /etc/apt/apt.conf file should look like this in the end:

Acquire::http::proxy "http://<username>:<password>@<proxy>:<port>";
Acquire::https::proxy "https://<username>:<password>@<proxy>:<port>";
Acquire::ftp::proxy "ftp://<username>:<password>@<proxy>:<port>";


In your log file have problems is:

2017-08-30T16:08:05.473317Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '0.0.0.0'; port: 3306
2017-08-30T16:08:05.473738Z 0 [Note]   - '0.0.0.0' resolves to '0.0.0.0';
2017-08-30T16:08:05.473812Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '0.0.0.0'.
2017-08-30T16:08:05.475964Z 0 [Warning] Failed to open optimizer cost constant tables

2017-08-30T16:08:05.481167Z 0 [ERROR] Fatal error: Can't open and lock privilege tables: Table 'mysql.user' doesn't exist
2017-08-30T16:08:05.481328Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

With problems, You can init location mysql will solve your issue.
mysql_install_db --user=mysql --ldata=[destination] refer this. After you can change mysql ownership and group privileges with command:

chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql

and

chgrp -R mysql /var/lib/mysql

And you remember to restart mysql service after updating configurations with service mysqld restart

Next to set base directory and check the path by issuing commands which mysql_install_db and which my_print_defaults. Pass that path with --basedir=/your path. This is well explained with command:

When you run command mysql_install_db --user=mysql --ldata=[destination] have problems "FATAL ERROR: Could not find ./bin/my_print_defaults".

You can fixed with solution look for binary path:

Which mysql_install_db

/usr/local/bin/mysql_install_db
Which my_print_defaults

/usr/local/bin/my_print_defaults


How to get better at BASH and Linux commands?

I recommend deciding what you want a given script to do, then searching for solutions step-by-step. It'll teach you each of the commands in isolation but you'll also learn how to best connect the script and deal with errors when you encounter them.

There's plenty books and sites on the subject but I think the best way to learn is a hands on, line by line approach. If you're not sure what you want your script to do, then you probably don't need to be better at it. Learn what you need to know, and if you want a reason to learn something then create a project or contribute to someone else's.

Good luck!


Konsole does not open in current directory (pwd)

For several years, there has been no setting to make konsole respect $PWD.  However, there is a command-line option --workdir that can be exploited by a script to make konsole function as desired.

Check the path to locate a user-accessible location that takes precedence over /usr/bin by examining the output of echo $PATH.  Typical options include ~/bin/ and ~/.local/bin/.
Create a file named ~/bin/konsole (or ~/.local/bin/konsole) with the following contents:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# make konsole respect $PWD, as other terminals do
# save as ~/bin/konsole or ~/.local/bin/konsole

# catch unset or mis-set PWD
[[ -z $PWD ]] && PWD="$HOME"
[[ "$PWD" == '/' ]] && PWD="$HOME"

term_cls='konsole'      # window class needed for xdotool to activate window
term_bin=`type -a -p konsole | tail -n 1`    # location of original `konsole`
term_cmd=( "$term_bin" )

[[ $PWD ]] && term_cmd+=( --workdir "$PWD" )
term_tab=( "${term_cmd[@]}" --new-tab )

case $1 in
  -h|--help|-v|--version|--author|--license|--list-profiles|--list-profile-properties)
    "$term_bin" "$1"
    ;;
  -p)
    echo 'cannot change profile properties at this time'
    ;;
  *)
    find_app=( xdotool search --onlyvisible --class "$term_cls" windowactivate exec "${term_tab[@]}" )
    "${find_app[@]}" || xdotool exec "${term_cmd[@]}"
    ;;
esac

Give the new script execute permissions.

chmod +x ~/bin/konsole

Now, whenever this script is run, it will process $PWD and execute /usr/bin/konsole --workdir "$PWD".  If put in the right folder, it will have priority over the real konsole and usage will be transparent.  Similar scripts can be created for other programs that do not behave as desired.


AMD 19.30 driver on Ubuntu Server 18.04.3

It looks like sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 solved the issue.


How do I change gdm3 login screen resolution?

I figured this one out! I have an Asus Q534UX with a 4k display. I noticed that my screen resolution was set to 4k, but I had my scaling set to 2 which makes the desktop usable while still in high resolution.
Once choice is to set the screen resolution to something other than 4k, but that isn't ideal especially when it's not your displays native resolution.
The answer is to do as you've said, copy the monitor.xml file to /var/lib/gdm3/.config, i.e.
sudo cp ~/.config/monitors.xml /var/lib/gdm3/.config/

Next, edit it so you change the resolution to something more reasonable in the login screen. I changed mine to 2560x1440 but that may be still a bit high. It is MUCH better.
You're only in the login screen for a bit, then when the desktop comes up the resolution and scaling goes to normal.
Save your edits and reboot to see the changes.


Yes.

I have practically the same setup you have (Acer Aspire, Win 10 Pre. installed) and both systems work fine.

I used a USB-Stick and the instructions from here:
https://www.tecmint.com/install-ubuntu-16-04-alongside-with-windows-10-or-8-in-dual-boot/

Note: I did however deactivate the fast boot, as explained here:
https://www.tecmint.com/install-ubuntu-16-04-alongside-with-windows-10-or-8-in-dual-boot/

You can see both guides are quite similar, i cant not confirm how important the fast boot deactivation is, but it might be important

Have fun


effects of initializing git repository on linux root directory 3:)

first, I don't think that git is a good solution for binary files.

maybe is better to use virtual machine in virtualbox where you can create snapshots (as many as you need) of entire system

to change filesystem (how I know) you need to format the partition
(don't know about zfs, but you can use Gparted, maybe he can, gparted is an advanced partition manager, user friendly)


The python3 command is a link to whatever version of Py3 the system is currently using.

This is very handy so scripts don't need to keep track of the exact version installed and don't break at the next release-upgrade.


This worked for me on Mint18 with Cinnamon..
In synaptic package manager search for "pulse" then

mark:

pulseaudio-module-x11 for install
lib cvc0 for reinstall
gir1.2-cvc-1.0 for reinstall

hit apply

in terminal: sudo alsa force-reload

restart your machine.

The prob for me was that the keys were correctly bound and the OS was picking up the presses, but something was stopping it from being used for sound by cinnamon, just needed to reinstall normal settings


Black screen after installing Ubuntu 11.10 on new pc

I cannot comment (I don't know why) so I answer as far as I had similar problem with Ubuntu 12 and my nvidia card. What I did is to install the alternate distro and when I had to reboot I chose the recovery mode, set up network, return to main menu and finally update whatever I could.


Just download an iso file, burn it to a cd or dvd, boot with that cd and follow the steps to install it.

You can also use an usb disc.

You can see al this info in http://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu/download


Dell N4110 touchpad suddenly stopped working

Try this, my problem is not exactly yours, it stops suddenly and when I restart it works again, this occurs occasionally.
Solution worked for me is this code:

synclient TouchpadOff=0


How to delete the .swp files when working remotely

During that alert you can press D . Or else have a look in your current directory in your local machine.

Edit:You can also search for the file with:

find | grep ".searchRefineVertTabs.jsp.swp"


I hope I understand correctly (small samples are always helpful).

I think nested for-loops are the correct way to do it, maybe you did something wrong?
There is also itertools.product which does that for you faster. Here's a small example:

>>> from itertools import product
>>> x = ["a", "b", "c"]
>>> y = ["d", "e", "f"]
>>> for t in product(x, y):
...   print t
...
('a', 'd')
('a', 'e')
('a', 'f')
('b', 'd')
('b', 'e')
('b', 'f')
('c', 'd')
('c', 'e')
('c', 'f')
>>>


Just create a new empty file under /etc/default/ and name it spice-vdagentd (e.g /etc/default/spice-vdagentd). Then put a single assignment to variable SPICE_VDAGENTD_EXTRA_ARGS into this file that contains any of spice-vdagentd's command line options. For example I put -X into that file.

Example:

SPICE_VDAGENTD_EXTRA_ARGS=-X

I have tried this under the current Ubuntu 17.04 which is not yet release, so I cannot say if it will work in older versions.


Error when trying install Ruby with RVM on Ubuntu 17.10

Here is how I solved that issue in Ubuntu 17.10:

First, install the required dependencies one by one, this can be done by executing:

sudo apt install libreadline6

sudo apt install libreadline6-dev

sudo apt install libgmp-dev

sudo apt install software-properties-common

Then proceed with the normal installation instructions:

sudo apt-add-repository -y ppa:rael-gc/rvm

sudo apt update

sudo apt install rvm

source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh

rvm install 2.5.0

If you want, I can share screenshots of the process that I followed, step by step.

Hope it helps.


NetworkManager doesn't store password for 802.1x

Yes, it's a bug - a pretty awful one IMO - and at least for me, it isn't new to 16.04. I've been experiencing this for quite a while. Hoped 16.04 would fix it, but no dice.

Bug report:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/network-manager/+bug/1579246

That bug report also contains a (poor) workaround which worked for me for a while but doesn't seem to work anymore.


Install Themes and Icons from Elementary OS without pantheon

Add Elementary ppa:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:elementary-os/stable

Update your system:

sudo apt-get update

Install the icon theme:

sudo apt-get install elementary-icon-theme


How to play video files (working in windows media player on windows) in Ubuntu 14.04?

You have to install the ubuntu-restricted-extras package using apt or Synaptic. Just copy and paste sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras. This will also install Adobe Flash for Ubuntu. These packages can't be included with a fresh Ubuntu install since they are technically "proprietary" and cannot be distributed by any company besides the owner. (Not Canonical)


How to install new versions of G++ that use the corresponding C++ standard library?

Configuring gcc-5.x : cd build-gcc-5.x/

../gcc-5.3.0/configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc53 --program-suffix=53 --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-system-zlib --disable-multilib --disable-libstdcxx-pch

( Requires sudo apt install zlib1g-dev, if --with-system-zlib )

About the "60 minutes limit" : You can exit the terminal after say 55 minutes, and just continue later with make.


How to automount all external devices with read & write privileges? (Cannot edit tags of files from external drive)

Have you tried

sudo chown -R username:username /media/path/to/drive?

That at least is the basic way of doing it one drive at a time. The -R tag recursively gives your username read write access to all folders and subfolders in the HDD.

Side note:

I also find that if you have used these drives on a Mac before, you may want to disable journaling.

In your mac:
sudo /usr/sbin/diskutil disableJournal /Volumes/name-of-my-external-hdd


Upgrading Ubuntu 10.04 LTS Lucid Lynx to 12.04

Q1. Does upgrading ubuntu also upgrades the kernel?

Yes It will upgrade your kernel too, but If you want to hold your kernel with out any update/upgrade , then yes you can do that.

Bottom-line: Yes upgrade will give a kernel update too.

Q2. Is better to remove old Ubuntu and install latest one.

Generally If you do fresh install , then again you have to install & configure everything. Like Applications and others.

If you upgrade , you wont lost your data,programs or applications and other modifications you made.

But sometimes upgrades do failed but its not often.

Bottom-line: Its up to you.


How do I create a persistent USB 2.0 thumb drive install of Ubuntu in a Windows environment?

UNetbootin is what you want. Runs on Windows and Linux and creates bootable flash drives from ISO images, 10.04 included. However, the default setup does not use persistent space, so changes made will be lost on shutdown. An appropriate way to work around this is to follow these instructions.

I believe you may be able to add persistent to the boot options alone, but I haven't tested this and the other method is what seems to work for most.


One big question: have you partitioned your hard drive?
If you haven't I'd have a look at this:

http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/windows-vista/resize-a-partition-for-free-in-windows-vista/
(I know this is for Vista but it works on any modern Windoze version including 10)

Once you set up a separate partition for Ubuntu (and probably another much smaller space for Linux swap) then you can dual-boot by installing Ubuntu to that partition you set aside for it. Then when it asks for where to install grub, select /dev/sda (or whatever the name of your hard drive is)

Have no fear, the BIOS/UEFI thing is not an issue. I made my Ubuntu/Windoze system work on the first try!


cant find previously stored data on the hard disk

Probably you used new username while upgrading via cdrom , so it created new user account . You can see files in old home folder at /home

open the terminal and type nautilus /home


just do this...

sudo gedit /etc/wvdial.conf

when it opens up....look for what is written next to "Dialer"!!! Just like this  →[Dialer mts]

if you have found that out then...do this...

sudo wvdial [the name you found next to "Dialer" in the above mentioned method]

for example... sudo wvdial mts (here "mts" is the name i found written next to "Dialer" in the above mentioned method in my case)

thats it!!! Hope it works !!!


How to setup Thinkpad features on Thinkpad T500

Funny how this question forced me to tweak my own T510

(1) It's called hdapsd and is a simple apt-get install away.
http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/HDAPS

it has an indirect dependacy, tp-smapi-dkms

$sudo apt-get install -y tp-smapi-dkms
$sudo modprobe hdaps
$sudo apt-get install -y hdapsd

dmesg output

[264835.195114] thinkpad_ec: thinkpad_ec 0.40 loaded.
[264835.197174] hdaps: initial mode latch is 0x05
[264835.197319] hdaps: setting ec_rate=250, filter_order=2
[264835.197541] hdaps: device successfully initialized.
[264835.197609] input: ThinkPad HDAPS joystick emulation as /devices/virtual/input/input19
[264835.197746] input: ThinkPad HDAPS accelerometer data as /devices/virtual/input/input20
[264835.197815] hdaps: driver successfully loaded.

There be an accelerometer there!

UPDATE: I've since found this driver to be a high interrupt consumer
and a real time sink for power efficiency. I no longer run it.

(3) The feature you're looking for is called "switchable graphics"
and it's still under heavy development, likely not ready for an end user.

http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Switchable_Graphics

(5) A easy CLI way to proof this is (sub /dev/videoN accordingly):

streamer -c /dev/video0 -b 16 -o outfile.jpeg && gfvs-open outfile.jpeg

cheese will also work, it's not the most elegant thing in the world
but it should suffice. I also use my webcam with skype without any issues.


I just reinstalled a Dell Inspiron laptop with Ubuntu 15.10 (64 bit) & hit exactly the same problems with my NFS shares. Each time I tried to access an NFS share, Nautilus would crash along with any other software trying to access that share. Sometimes, even the whole laptop would lock up.

I even activated debugging to a separate logfile (add *.debug    /var/log/debug.log to the end of /etc/rsyslog.conf) & used rpcdebug -m nfs -s proc to log NFS clientside events - which told me nothing. The logs just stopped as it crashed, but that did make me think that this was happening at a very low level.

So, in desperation, I updated the kernel. I had been running 4.2.0-30-generic but I downloaded & installed 4.5.0-040500rc7-generic instead.

This fixed all of my NFS crashes & totally SOLVED my problem...

So, there you go. I checked in /boot & I had both 4.2.0-30-generic & 4.2.0-16-generic there, along with my new 4.5.0-040500rc7-generic kernel, & it was a clean install only a few days ago. The NFS crashes started as soon as I booted it up after the install, as I tried to copy a file from my NFS share & it instantly crashed. It's crashed ever since, so both those versions of the kernel had the same problem. Thankfully, it all appears to be fixed now, with 4.5 - but I don't know enough about kernel hacking to tell you why...


What do you mean by an "editor"?  Why would you expect a result from writing something in an editor, instead of the terminal?

And where do you think the folder is created ? Because of the starting /, you are asking Ubuntu to create a directory at the root of your system, not in your home or whatever.


This is a great question.

Snaps (and thus Ubuntu Core) are indeed designed so that each (the OS is just another snap) is isolated from the others. Snaps are read-only squashfs images, which is what the quote to which you refer is discussing.

However, as I understand it, this was not done to behave like a ramdisk OS. It was done for the other bullet points on that page:

The images (and applications within them) are more resistant to tampering.
The snap is always exactly what the developer released, which makes it easy to update (and rollback).

And so on. In fact, while the snaps are indeed read-only, Ubuntu Core doesn't behave like a ramdisk OS:

The snaps themselves are still written to disk when they're updated.
The OS logs still go to /var/log/.
Each snap has its own slice of writable space which it can utilize how it sees fit.

All of these writes are persisted, but the system was designed to make writes as minimal as possible (unless you're running snaps in devmode, which makes the logs noisy, or using a snap that writes a ton). As far as power failure goes, there's nothing that prevents a power loss during one of these writes. However, both Ubuntu Core and Raspbian (I believe) use ext4 which is typically able to recover from such events. I'd go so far as to suggest the previous SD card corruption you've encountered is simply due to excess writes. Perhaps your SD card of choice doesn't have a good wear-leveling implementation?


Clocks for multiple timezones in GNOME Shell

To install multiple clocks, you need GNOME Clocks which is now available in the official repos and you can install via Ubuntu Software (formerly the Software Center).

(Note: The button above points to the snap store, which does have GNOME Clocks, but the snap application doesn't fully work on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS; the times don't show up.)

Or, to install it from the command line:

Open a terminal (CtrlAltT)
Run

sudo apt install gnome-clocks

Logout and login after installing and it will appear in your notification menu. Or instead of logging out and in, restart GNOME Shell: press Alt+F2, type r, then press Enter.


I had a similar problem with my system. It was caused by my external hhd that went into a sleep/hibernate mode and wouldn't wake up. During the shutdown it would just keep the system hanging. Try to disconnect any external devices (including usb) and leave only the mouse + keyboard. If that doesn't work try to turn on the system and shut down right away after you login. Don't launch any programs other than the standard stuff you have loading after boot. If it shutdown without a problem than maybe you have a problem with some software otherwise we'll have to troubleshoot more. You can try using the terminal shutdown commands see if that works sudo shutdown -P now. Let me know how it goes and also add some details like did you close all the programs before you shutdown, did you have any errors with software before shutdown, or what do you suspect might be the problem.


Try to download the sources for the network card from realtek. I have these:

r8168-8.029.00 (maybe from here realtek r8168-8.029.00; can't remember exactly. I cherish the sources I have on my machine... :-)

And then follow instructions in this post:

RTL8111/RTL8168 fix

It's great. The Realteks are never working out of the box.. for years. At least, not for me. I always need a fix. So, I fixed it again after installing 12.04.


Ubuntu 16.04: GLib-GIO-Message: Using the 'memory' GSettings backend

On Ubuntu 16.04, 64-bit, I fixed this by installing the 32 bit version of dconf:
sudo apt-get install dconf-gsettings-backend:i386


This is it:
http://deluxetelevision.com/flash/radio/dlx_music_radio_ims2.swf
Be aware that this is in flash. I am not sure where to find a .pls link.