Is there some program to control fan speed in Ubuntu 14.04? - Acer Aspire 5740G

I had the same issue last year. Solution for me was to open up the laptop and vacumeclean it.

Problem is that, though these are called Laptops it is not wise to constantly have them located on your Lap.


Why are no updates shown for Ubuntu 10.10 any more?

Ubuntu 10.10 has reached its EOL in April 10, 2012, there are no more updates for it. If you want to sue more recent software and up to date packages you need to upgrade.


Cron job that outputs "hello world" every minute to the terminal

A shell on its own has no way to interact with the user's desktop  - it needs to be attached to a terminal device of some kind. For example:
* * * * * DISPLAY=:0 gnome-terminal -- /home/user/sayhello.sh

or
* * * * * DISPLAY=:0 xterm -e /home/user/sayhello.sh

You may need to arrange for the terminal to stay open after the command exits - either through its preferences, or by adding a command such as read a to the bottom of your script (so that the shell blocks waiting for user input).


Thought I'd covered all the bases on this, but I forgot a step on setting up the NAS side.  I hadn't associated any extents to the target, so there was nothing for the rpi to connect to devices.
Once I'd associated pi-1-target to pi-1-extent, it worked perfectly, creating /dev/sda.
Sorry for the PEBCAK.


Is your computer connected to the Internet? It appears that it tried and failed to download the packages required to install Ubuntu. Try plugging your computer into Ethernet and then installing.


Combine two partitions belonging to one phsyical drive?

LVM won't work as you would have to re-format.

There are a lot of questions here, but basically your best best is

Use parted to migrate your MBR to GPT. Basically uss "parted p" to get the current MBR layout and then make the GTP layout match EXCATLY. This "should not" experience data loss.

Fix your boot issues by reinstalling grub/fixing references (assuming it yours boot volume).

Next delete Partition 2

Resize partition 1

Then grow your ext4 file system to the full size of the new larger partition.

IMPORTANT:

You should not experience data loss, but you very well could. Make backups, and check your file system for errors before doing this.


Ubuntu phone - How can I delete the contacts in my phone book properly?

To delete the local contacts in a proper way go to /home/phablet/.local/share/evolution/addressbook/system and delete the contacts.db file.
Maybe you need to restart your Ubuntu phone.


How to remove unanalytics.com adware from chrome?

I found an article which mentioned Better History was the cause,  i removed that and not had this issues since.  Give that a try.


smbd (samba daemon) does not listen on ports 139/445

What causes this problem?

On the same machine, smbd is running in LXC containers. The script that starts the Samba daemon - /etc/init.d/smbd - thinks that the daemon is already running and denies to start another instance, because it is not aware that the smbd process found runs in a container. That's also the reason why Samba started at boot time: at this time the containers haven't been started yet and there was no "other" smbd process. The same applies to other technologies, like Docker.

How to solve the problem?

Like suggested in [1], the solution is to modify /etc/init.d/smbd:

if ! start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --oknodo --exec /usr/sbin/smbd -- -D; then

change to:

if ! start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --oknodo --pidfile /var/run/samba/smbd.pid --exec /usr/sbin/smbd -- -D; then

On Ubuntu 16.04.3, this code can be found in line 40. When editing using nano, press Ctrl+W, type "start-stop", and press enter; this will bring you to the correct line.

[1] https://serverfault.com/a/862514/193537


Her is my solution

sudo systemctl reset-failed


How do I stop green flashes when playing video?

From settings video output to OpenGL or something other than you are currently using.


Ubuntu 12.10 Kernel Problem on HP Envy M6?

You can try downloading Synaptic Packet Manager from the Ubuntu Software Center. Once you download it and open it, scroll down the list on the left and click the option that says kernel. You can then search down the list until you see the linux kernel labeled 3.0.25 and right click > mark for uninstall. Then click apply at the top of Synaptic.

After you do this, you will need to restart your machine. It will load your previous kernel version.

Hope this helps!


According to this site, there's a new ppa for gimp. Seems to be working fine, installation instructions are the following:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:otto-kesselgulasch/gimp
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gimp


Firstly the reason you can't resize your partition is that others are in the way and need to be moved first (a partition can only increase size if there is unallocated space next to it) and also you need to be running a OS that isn't running/using on any of the drives you want to move. Below there are some instructions for how to resize your partition with plenty of information and tools you will need to get this done with warnings about partitioning:
Partitioning is dangerous

From personal experience I've lost a whole partition due to a partitioning failing.
First before partitioning you should always backup important files and folders of the drives you will be moving (/dev/sda5,/dev/sda7,/dev/sda8) (/dev/sda6 doesn't need to be backed up as it is just virtual RAM.
Best practices is to image these partitions to a separate storage device but that takes up the space of the drive.

By Live Linux it means a Live Disk image of Linux, any live disk image of Linux will work but there is also GParted Live CD/USB image.
After downloading a Live Image you will need to flash it to a spare USB drive (a empty or backed up USB drive as all data will be lost), you can use any USB flashing device but I advise balenaEtcher as it will verify the flash.

You need to move /dev/sda5 to the left all the way (so the Free space preceding (MiB): in GParted is 0) and then you need to move your /dev/sda6 to the left all the way.
After that you should move /dev/sda7 all the way to the left and then resize it to the size you require for your root folder and then finally resize /dev/sda8/ to what size you need in your home folder. I advise that you fill up all the unallocated space so you don't have to partition again as it is dangerous.

Make sure before you partition that you have a spare OS install USB/CD/DVD disk in case the partition fails.
Once you have a backup your files and have a spare OS install ready for the worst case scenario and have made a note of what you need to do then go ahead and repartition your drive.

Hope this helps,
Harry


Troubleshooting Software to Show / Solve All Ubuntu problems at once?

You just have to look in the /var/log/ directory and check the logs. That's the linux way. The most important log there is the /var/log/syslog. Please see the answers to this and this question, or this article for more info or each logfile. You can access some of these logs in the Log File Viewer (just search for it in the Dash), but most of the Linux users like to read directly the text files.

Also if one of your graphical application produces silent errors during it's runtime, those errors will be logged in ~/.xsession-errors . (If you see there DEBUG or WARNING messages, those are not ERRORS, and most likely can be ignored.)


How to display the assigned document's name with Okular 0.19.3 in Kubuntu 14.04 Trusty Tahr LTS?

Solution:

In Okular go to Settings menu and select the Configure Okular option.

Uncheck "Display document title in titlebar if available" option and hit Apply and then OK.


The description from the book is wrong (or at least missing something). To get that script to print "Hello Linux", you'd run it like this:

./test.sh Linux

If you run it with just ./test.sh, then it'll only print "Hello ", because there was no first argument and $1 is not defined. On the other hand, suppose you ran it like this:

./test.sh foo bar baz

then within the script, $0 would be "./test.sh", $1 would be "foo", $2 would be "bar", and $3 would be "baz".

As for $?, consider the following script snippet:

ls nonexistentfile.txt
echo "The exit status of ls was: $?"
echo "The exit status of echo (the first one) was: $?"

When run that'll print something like:

ls: nonexistentfile.txt: No such file or directory
The exit status of ls was: 1
The exit status of echo (the first one) was: 0

The ls command can't list nonexistentfile.txt ('cause it doesn't exist), so it prints an error message to that effect, and exits with a nonzero status to indicate that something went wrong. The first echo command prints that exit status ($?), and since it does that successfully, it exits with a status of zero. When the second echo command runs, it gets $? from the first echo command, so it prints "0".

BTW, a lot of commands just use exit statuses of 0 (success) or 1 (some sort of failure), but some use different failure statuses to indicate exactly what went wrong. Here's an excerpt from the curl manual page:

EXIT CODES
       There are a bunch of different  error  codes  and  their  corresponding
       error  messages  that  may appear during bad conditions. At the time of
       this writing, the exit codes are:

       1      Unsupported protocol. This build of curl has no support for this
              protocol.

       2      Failed to initialize.

       3      URL malformed. The syntax was not correct.

       ...

       88     FTP chunk callback reported error

       89     No connection available, the session will be queued

       90     SSL public key does not matched pinned public key

       91     Invalid SSL certificate status.

       92     Stream error in HTTP/2 framing layer.

...so a script that used curl could check $? to figure out what went wrong, and respond differently depending on the problem.


Can I remote upload URLs to Ubuntuone account?

To answer this question: I highly doubt that you could do that because it works a lot like Dropbox where it downloads to your computer and then uploads to their server. I am pretty sure there isn't a way to do that...there is a php script that can do server to server but I don't know if it would work with UbuntuOne or not...though I doubt it would. I'll tell your the script in email or twitter if you want...not sure if script writers want it advertised or not.


Ubuntu 10.04, I cannot get my computer to connect to the internet

You need to ensure your router is set for DHCP which will provide your Ubuntu PC with all the information it needs, if not you should enter the details manually. If you are using just a wired connection this will resolve your issue.


How to setup Ubuntu router with 2 WAN interfaces

Solved completely

Now I have the correct settings and whole setup is working, so I can access the server from internet via a public IP (WAN1) and route LAN to the internet via WAN2 and still I can access the server via its public IP (WAN1) from LAN.
This is the routing which had to be configured to make it work in a way I had described before:

ip route del default table main
ip route add default via 192.168.1.20 dev eth3 table main

ip route add 217.XXX.XXX.160/27 dev eth2 src 217.XXX.XXX.185 table T1
ip route add default via 217.XXX.XXX.161 dev eth2 table T1
ip route add 192.168.2.0/24 dev br0 table T1
ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth3 table T1
ip route add 127.0.0.0/8 dev lo table T1

ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth3 src 192.168.1.1 table T2
ip route add default via 192.168.1.20 dev eth3 table T2
ip route add 192.168.2.0/24 dev br0 table T2
ip route add 217.XXX.XXX.160/27 dev eth2 table T2
ip route add 127.0.0.0/8 dev lo table T2

ip rule add from 217.XXX.XXX.185 table T1
ip rule add from 192.168.1.1 table T2

That's it. So it is solved.


can't access internet via ethernet, but i can via WiFi

You need to disable wireless network when you connect by Ethernet.

Any OS and Ubuntu has a routing table where rules are set up where to send packets in order to reach Internet or specific network segments.

If your wireless network is enabled, default route is set up to wireless interface and you can't get access to Internet.

General rule is that you can't use more than one network interface in a system without setting up routing.


error while installing lsb-release package

lsb-release is usually installed by default

To check if lsb-release package is already installed use:

$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 16.04.5 LTS
Release:    16.04
Codename:   xenial

Error may apply to all packages

The error message may apply to all packages, not just lsb-release. From:

How To Solve “sub process usr bin dpkg returned an error code 1″ Error in Ubuntu

These are the most common steps to solve the error:

Method 1: Reconfigure Package Database

The first method you can try is to reconfigure the package database. Probably the database got corrupted while installing a package. Reconfiguring often fixes the problem.

sudo dpkg --configure -a

Method 2: Use force install

If a package installation was interrupted previously, you may try to do a force install.

sudo apt-get install -f


Android studio on Ubuntu doesnt connects to API server

Does the manifest file of your project allow network access?
You need to have the following entry in AndroidManifest.xml to enable network access from your app:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

For details please have a look at:
http://developer.android.com/training/basics/network-ops/connecting.html

If you have an anrdoid device at hands it is the best option to connect it with your computer and activate debug mode which enables you to use debugging while running your app on the phone (instead of the emulator). For more datails see:
https://developer.android.com/tools/debugging/debugging-studio.html


By default, the Root account password is locked in Ubuntu. This means that you cannot login as Root directly or use the su command to become the Root user. However, since the Root account physically exists it is still possible to run programs with root-level privileges. This is where sudo comes in - it allows authorized users (normally "Administrative" users) to run certain programs as Root without having to know the root password.

Scraped from Ubuntu Documentation


Any IDE's in Ubuntu for Windows Development with C Sharp?

MonoDevelop is an opensource IDE for doing cross platform development c#. It also works with ASP.net

It is available from the ubuntu software centre:

Alternatively if your the command line loving type:

sudo apt-get install monodevelop


How do I merge a free space of 30G in the logical drive into the D drive?

As it was wubi, there was no need to delete the partition. Right click on D: and click on extend partition. You can add the free space.


Is it a good idea to restore a btrfs snapshot with rsync?

With btrfs a snapshot is also just a subvolume which uses the same files as the original. A copy of this file is created when these files get overwritten in one of the subvolumes. You can move these subvolumes around as much as you want. If you want to restore the snapshot, you could just move the folder. Issue mv /home/username /home/snapshot/backup and then mv /home/snapshot/somesnapshot /home/username. This will make the snapshot the new home. If you want to keep the snapshot clean, create a new snapshot of this snapshot.

You can also delete the subvolume the snapshot was based on without issue with btrfs subvolume delete /home/snapshot/backup ones you're sure it's ok. Because the original files belong to both.

rsync will index the files and copy/overwrite the ones needed. It will be save in the sense that it would do what you'd expect but you'd have two copies of these files on the disk iso one when you move the snapshot.


Echoing stuff directly to the printer's USB port device sounds troublesome. You may not have permission to write to it  (can you post output of ls -la /dev/usblp0?). Or it may be locked by the printing daemon. Any of these things may have changed from 11.04 to 11.10; stable interfaces are provided farther up the stack, like the lpr command which has been present for decades and shields you from iffy low-level printing stuff like ports and formatting languages and even location of the printers.

Any reason why you're not using echo "it's working" |lpr instead? This uses the cupsd printing daemon which should do the right thing for you.


Terminal command to gracefully shutdown Ubuntu

Shutdown command does the shutdown gracefully. How did you come to the conclusion that shutting down is causing the problem?

Checkout hard disk repeatedly gets corrupted

You can add the fsck to your GRUB so that you won't have to do this manually every time.
Backup all your data because this could mean your hard disk is damaged.


Try updating MTP.

In a shell, run the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:langdalepl/gvfs-mtp
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

(src)


I don't know how you installed, but ill provide you with complete instruction to download, build and install ns2
Step 1: Download ns2 from the link https://sourceforge.net/projects/nsnam/files/latest/download
Step 2: Make a new directory in /home/user_name called ns2 and copy the downloaded file ns-allinone-2.35.tar.gz to this directory.
Step 3: Update package list
sudo apt update

Step 4: Update some dependencies(packages/libraries)
sudo apt install build-essential autoconf automake libxmu-dev
sudo apt install gcc-4.8 g++-4.8

Step 5: Now cd to this directory ns2 and extract the downloaded file
 tar zxvf ns-allinone-2.35.tar.gz

Step 6: Run the install script
 sudo ./install

Step 7: Open bashrc file to set the Environment Variables using
nano ~/.bashrc

Add the following lines in the file. Be sure to change user_name with your user name
export PATH=$PATH:/home/user_name/ns2/ns-allinone-2.35/bin:/home/user_name/ns2/ns-allinone-2.35/tcl8.5.10/unix:/home/user_name/ns2/ns-allinone-2.35/tk8.5.10/unix
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/home/user_name/ns2/ns-allinone-2.35/otcl-1.14:/home/user_name/ns2/ns-allinone-2.35/lib

Step 8: Run the command
source ~/.bashrc

Step 9: Validate the installation. Go to the directory
/home/user_name/Documents/ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/

and run:
./validate

After a long while, if you received the “%” sign, it means that ns2 is running.


remove file with -h_some_file_name in shell

Just:

rm -- -h_some_file_name

Or:

rm ./-h_some_file_name

See the manpage of rm:

   To remove a file whose name starts with a `-', for example `-foo', use one of these
   commands:

          rm -- -foo

          rm ./-foo

The -- argument tells rm that all following argument should not be treated as parameters. A variety of other Linux/Unix command line tools support that argument. This interpretation of -- follows the POSIX argument parsing conventions1). The mv utility also supports it:

mv -- -h_some_file_name new_file_name

1) The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, IEEE Std 1003.1, Guideline 10


How to freshly install Ubuntu via Terminal (from Live USB)

I tried to install grub manually as described in this thread: https://superuser.com/questions/376470/how-to-reinstall-grub2-efi My Laptop has already partitions etc as the installation went to the grub-installation point. But still I couldn't install grub-efi-amd64 or grub-efi.

I figured out that I need to install grub-efi-ia32 instead of -amd64. After installing grub-efi-ia32, I didn't know how to (re)install Ubuntu without deleting and reinstalling grub etc. I searched for solutions and learned that Ubuntu 15.10 comes with UEFI-support for the 32bit-Version (older Versions had only UEFI-support for 64bit and I installed it on the 32bit system with this instructions https://github.com/lopaka/instructions/blob/master/ubuntu-14.10-install-asus-x205ta.md).

So I followed this instructions 32-Bit UEFI Boot Support including this step 32bit UEFI better support than a year ago? to make a bootable 32bit-Version USB and to install Ubuntu on the Asus X205.

The installation went fine. Now I am stuggling with LUKS encryption but that is another problem.


cant install whatsapp after making successful transaction Please help

Download the deb file that suits your system in https://github.com/Aluxian/WhatsApp-Desktop/releases

Then try installing Whatsapp with the command line
sudo dpkg -i path/to/debfile

If it says that there are some dependencies type sudo apt-get -f install and reinstall the deb file with the command above.


Is there a way to import my Steam games from Windows 7 to Ubuntu?

No, the game files are not identical so you need to re-install the games. You can however copy over your configuration files and use those.

You might be able to use this trick: http://www.steamgamesonlinux.com/howto-copy-steam-games-from-windows-to-linux/ (as stated in the link: you need to change the directories to your Windows directory):

Open Steam in Linux
Select the game you want to install on Linux
Start installing / downloading it
Wait until the game gets to about 1%
Stop the download
Open the location of your Steam install

WINE ONLY: /home/username/.wine/drive_c/Program Files/Steam/steamapps  folder in your .wine installation folder
WINETRICKS INSTALLED STEAM: /home/username/.local/share/wineprefixes/steam/drive_c/Program Files/Steam/steamapps/

You should should see your game GCF and/or NCF files there. This is why we started the download: to preload the folders and config / download files.  If you skipped steps 1-5 you will not see any game files…
Open the /Program Files/Steam/steamapps/common folder on your Windows partition or wherever you have your game files backed up.
Now on your Linux installation open the /steamapps/common Folder  - you should see your game folder there…. IF NOT it will be in /Steam/steamapps/YOURUSERNAME   - OR if you skipped steps 1-5 you will not see any game files…
Find the /GAMENAME folder and copy the whole /GAMENAME folder from Windows to Linux - OVERWRITING EVERYTHING that may have already been downloaded to your Linux folder…
Once you have finished the copying, go ahead and unpause the game download in the Steam Client. Steam will then start parsing the “downloaded” content – give it some time as it can take a few minutes for large games. You may also have to click unpause / resume a couple to times to fully scan the folder.
Right click the game title – select Properties > Local Files > Verify Game Cache

You should now have a copy of the game ready to run on your Linux Box. :D


I have just experienced same answer. Problem traces back to redirects and security frameworks. If you use Network-manager, here is easiest fix.

Click the NM applet
Choose edit connections
Find the WiFi site where you are having trouble.
Choose the little gear on bottom to open config editor.
Choose tab IPv4 Settings
Find the box "Additional DNS Servers" and type in these Google DNS servers:

8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4

Or probably better 1.1.1.1, 1.0.0.1 regarding privacy:

those are 2 comma separated DNS servers that can be tried when an address is not available from the DNS server provided by login site.
Hit the save button

After that, the login process works as the site administrator intends.

I have tested this at McDonalds and in a tire store. It works.

Why does it work? The login server offers a DNS address for a very limited name server, to get full name lookup, you need access to other name servers. 8.8.8.8 is the google name server, we have it as a "last change" lookup location on almost all of our computers.

Why is it a problem in the first place? The Ubuntu security framework is trying to protect you from security attacks that put 3rd party DNS servers in the middle of your workflow.  Suppose the login server was allowed to do that.  Then when you browse "nytimes.com" and give your password, then an attacker may be between you and nytimes, trying to steal your password.

I think other users here will have better technical explanation, but the manual insertion of trusted DNS servers is a solution that worked for me.


Enable Wireless Monitor mode for traffic sniffing

Finally I found a solution by little research. The problem was really with the device driver I had chosen in Additional Drivers as the image shows in the question. I then selected the second choise in wireless drivers which is "Do not use this device". It doesn't have the meaning it implies, it only does avoid using broadcom wireless STA driver. Then I restarted my machine and I could see my interface as wlan0 (which was previously displayed as eth1).

Then I executed following command (airmon-ng bash script), which I could easily turn wireless card into monitor mode.

sudo airmon-ng start wlan0

It was required to start monitoring mode of the wlan0 interface using airmon-ng script before sniffing. Otherwise when I start a sniff using wlan0 with wireshark(monitor mode enabled in wireshark) I could only sniff few seconds and automatically device disconnects from the network.


Put it in your crontab.

Open your cron table by:

crontab -e

Now add:

*/5 * * * * /path/to/script.sh

Don't forget to make the script executable beforehand.

As your script depends on X, probably will be a good idea to add the DISPLAY to the script's environment:

*/5 * * * * DISPLAY=:0 /path/to/script.sh

Replace :0 with your actual DISPLAY (can be found by echo $DISPLAY from interactive session).

If needed, you can add the XAUTHORITY environment variable too:

*/5 * * * * DISPLAY=:0 XAUTHORITY="~/.Xauthority" /path/to/script.sh

Again you can find the value by echo $XAUTHORITY.


you can try with alsamixer with the terminal. You can change the type for channel and have the level sound for the speaker changed.


Can I somehow pause all processes of an user logged in in background?

One way would be to send the SIGSTOP signal to all of your brother's processes:

sudo pkill -STOP -u brother

To awaken the stopped processes, the SIGCONT signal is used:

sudo pkill -CONT -u brother

You can use an Upstart session job, one which would run when you logged in or out or locked or unlocked your screen. For example, create a .conf file in ~/.config/upstart (say ~/.config/upstart/stop-brother.conf) containing:

description "Stop all my brother's processes"
start on desktop-start or desktop-unlock
task

exec sudo pkill -STOP -u brother

And a converse file (say ~/.config/upstart/start-brother.conf) containing:

description "Resume all my brother's processes"
start on desktop-end or desktop-lock
task

exec sudo pkill -CONT -u brother

You also need a NOPASSWD entry in sudoers:

sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/stop-brother <<EOF
$USER ALL = (ALL) /usr/bin/pkill -STOP -u brother, /usr/bin/pkill -CONT -u brother
EOF

Now the signals should be sent automatically when you log in, log out, lock or unlock the screen. You can manually initiate either using:

start stop-brother
start start-brother


Tests to check hardware before buying a notebook?

You can test if a computer's hardware is compatible with Ubuntu by downloading the Ubuntu Live DVD iso file and booting the live DVD or live USB. The Ubuntu live USB runs faster than the live DVD and has the additional advantage of being reusable for something else after you are finished testing and/or installing Ubuntu with it.

A live DVD/USB can be used for a quick demo or test of Ubuntu to check if the computer's hardware works as expected without making any changes to the machine. Windows or whatever is already installed on the computer is unaffected after trying this and then rebooting. See this answer for detailed and specific information about how to create a bootable USB flash drive for testing potential PC purchases for compatibility with Ubuntu.

Many computer stores provide their own Ubuntu live USB with Ubuntu for testing Ubuntu as a service to their customers. I discovered this after trying to return a graphics card that wouldn't boot Ubuntu, when a technician plugged the graphics card into one of the store's computers and booted Ubuntu from that computer to show me that my new graphics card was compatible with Ubuntu. If the computer store won't let you test their laptop with your Ubuntu live media, ask if they have their own USB with Ubuntu, and will demonstrate Ubuntu with it on the computer of your choice.

A quick demo can test two things:

Check if hardware (Ethernet, USB, sound, webcam) works as expected.
Check the look and feel of the operating system.

Wifi cannot always be tested with a quick demo. Even if the laptop doesn't connect to wifi in the store, it might still work after installing the driver for the wireless adapter.


Intel DHA no audio on HDMI: works only after display sleep

UPDATE: This is fixed in kernel 4.14 and higher.

I have a NUC too (NUC7i5BNK) and this has been a pain.

You can force the display to sleep with /usr/bin/xset dpms force off command.

I included this line in the required startup script and fixed for my purposes (run as an emulation station, running RetroPie).

RetroPie usually launch stuff using a script called /opt/retropie/supplementary/runcommand/runcommand.sh, so I've edited this script.

If you want to use Kodi, edit Kodi startup script and before launch it include these 2 lines:

xset dpms force off
xset dpms force on


How to set theme for GNOME (GTK) apps opening as root

Make sure you have the Qogir theme in /usr/share/themes/. Then use the following command to run an application

sudo -H GTK_THEME=Qogir <app name>

In general if the theme supports variants (light/dark), you can use the following

sudo -H GTK_THEME=<Theme-Name>:<Theme-variant> <app name>


Why does my xdotool key command not work?

The correct command is:

xdotool key Control_L+Super_L+d

To find the correct key- mentions, use xev: In a terminal window, run the command xev + Return, then type the key you'd like to use in the xdotool command. The output will be like:

KeyPress event, serial 37, synthetic NO, window 0x4c00001,
    root 0x260, subw 0x0, time 64862215, (-177,259), root:(1325,592),
    state 0x10, keycode 133 (keysym 0xffeb, Super_L), same_screen YES,
    XLookupString gives 0 bytes:
    XmbLookupString gives 0 bytes:
    XFilterEvent returns: False

where the information you are looking for is in the section:

(keysym 0xffeb, Super_L)

Alternatively, you can use the keysym -value:

xdotool key Control_L+0xffeb+d

or the key code:

xdotool key Control_L+133+d

Additional information

As mentioned by @DKBose:
on 14.04, the command, used by OP should work, as mentioned in man xdotool on 14.04.3:

Generally, any valid X Keysym string will work. Multiple keys are separated by '+'. Aliases exist for "alt", "ctrl", "shift", "super", and "meta" which all map to Foo_L, such as Alt_L and Control_L .

However, OP mentions the tag 15.04, and on 15.04, the passage is missing in man xdotool, and the aliasses do not work any more. The values, found in the output of xev should be used.


mv complains because it does not get any arguments from xargs. Add -r to prevent xargs from executing if the input is empty:
   -r, --no-run-if-empty
          If the standard input does not contain any nonblanks, do not run the command.  Normally, the command is run once even if there is  no  in‐
          put.  This option is a GNU extension.

Also, you can control mv behavior when destination exists:
See man mv:
   -f, --force
          do not prompt before overwriting

   -i, --interactive
          prompt before overwrite

   -n, --no-clobber
          do not overwrite an existing file

So:
... |  xargs -r mv -f -t new

However, your command has serious problems when there are newlines or even spaces in your files. In general, do not parse output of ls.


Python 3.6 is required. Current python version is ''2.7.15rcl"

An Ubuntu package that depends on another package can have this dependancy specified, so if you install it, the dependancy comes also. With python there is for several years a transition ongoing from 2.7 to 3.x because there are some incompatible differences, so an application does not automatically run also on python3. You can install multiple versions of python simultaniously, but than you have to be explit about which version to run or from which path you run it. The default version can be printed like this python -V. In my Ubuntu 18.04 I have also a python2.7 and python3 in my path.

If you don't have python3 you can install it with apt ...

apt install python3-minimal


first ensure you have installed compiz:

sudo apt-get install compiz compiz-plugins compizconfig-settings-manager

open compiz settings manager by typing ccsm in the terminal, or just find it in the dash.

Under EFFECTS, enable Window Decorations.

This is where I got stuck for 2 months. In most distros, this is all you have to do, but there is another step in Mate:

Open a terminal and type:

dconf write /org/mate/marco/general/compositing-manager true

You should now have compositing enabled.


After upgrading to Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS all my .desktop launchers went "Untrusted"

I used the this command successfully:

ls *.desktop | xargs -Ifile gio set file "metadata::trusted" y


Unable to download wine with software center or terminal

Based on the literature, HTML 404 error means that your computer can communicate with the remote server but the server can not provide the file that is requested. It seams that the internet connection is OK.

The solution would be mentioned in your error message as:

Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?

Make sure that your system is updated and install the other necessary modules.

For more detail tutorial, please check this:
http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2014/06/install-wine-1-7-20-ubuntu-linux/

Good Luck


Lots of items are missing in system settings, what should I do?

All the items present in system settings are nothing but apps, shown in a common place for users convenience.

If you need a app(say keyboard settings), then search for the name in Ubuntu Software Center, and install the relevant app.

In this case, it is called Keyboard a.k.a unity-control-center.

You can also install it by typing the following command in terminal

sudo apt-get install unity-control-center

It will automatically show up in system-settings.


installing nvidia grpahics driver for cuda computation only

I suppose you are looking for this..
http://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/3029/~/using-cuda-and-x
Got it from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28949573/how-to-use-all-cuda-devices-only-for-computation-not-for-display-in-ubuntu


I had to hold the right side button on both the keyboard and the track pad until they show up in the Add Device screen.

The keyboard was easy to set up.

The track pad would not pair the first 2 times, but I selected the 0000 pin option and 2 more times and it finally worked.

I find that I have to unplug my usb mouse for the track pad to work properly. I shut down and rebooted... All is Well :-).

The BT icon shows up with the lock symbol still, but when I add a device it goes away then comes back after it has paired.


There is a pre-defined shortcut for switching input language in Ubuntu: <Super>+<Space>, which you can change if you like. Please see the documentation.


How to open a GUI with sudo permissions without theme changes in sudo and from a .desktop file

User got this error message:

# ** Error: (vdel-19) Failed to access library 'rtl_work' at "/home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/qsim/rtl_work".
# Permission denied. (errno = EACCES)

From the use of sudo, I expected some folders/files were created with root privileges level.

We generated listing for whole tree in "altera" folder to verify ownership and permissions. Using:

find /home/muyustan/altera -type d -exec stat -c '%A %G %U %n' {} \; > log.txt

Look for that folder temp1 or the user/group root, as you could see there are folders owned by root

drwxrwxr-x muyustan muyustan /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/qsim/work/up_counter
drwxrwxr-x muyustan muyustan /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/qsim/work/prime_detector_4bits_vlg_check_tst
drwxr-xr-x root root /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/qsim/rtl_work
drwxr-xr-x root root /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/qsim/rtl_work/_temp
drwxr-xr-x root root /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/qsim/rtl_work/up_counter_tb
drwxr-xr-x root root /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/qsim/rtl_work/up_counter
drwxrwxr-x muyustan muyustan /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/modelsim
drwxr-xr-x root root /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/modelsim/gate_work
drwxr-xr-x root root /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/modelsim/gate_work/prime_detector_4bits
drwxr-xr-x root root /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/modelsim/gate_work/_temp
drwxr-xr-x root root /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/modelsim/rtl_work
drwxr-xr-x root root /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/modelsim/rtl_work/_temp
drwxr-xr-x root root /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/simulation/modelsim/rtl_work/up_counter
drwxrwxr-x muyustan muyustan /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/db
drwxrwxr-x muyustan muyustan /home/muyustan/altera/13.1/temp1/incremental_db

Change the ownership of that altera folder and all child folders and files in it to your user and group.

sudo chown -R muyustan:muyustan /home/muyustan/altera

Try again running Quartus without sudo


Chromium quickly opens/closes an extra tab when started

It could be caused by extensions. Maybe some of them are perfroming some actions that they think they need to do on browser start (check for updates for example)


That rm command does not delete your /home/.  You probably typed

sudo rm -rf ~/ .local/share/Trash/*`

See the space? Now that would delete your /home/$USER and the trash inside that directory too. And also a "deja-dup" back-up if it is stored in /home/$USER.

I would start of with a comment: there is never ever a reason for you to use that method to delete a trash. If you want to use "rm" that way you do

cd ~/.local/share/Trash
pwd
sudo rm -rf *

Examine the path that is shown after "pwd" and make sure it is correct and then you remove the files. You would have used a far more safer method.

  Even the backup deja-dup is deleted.

That file was not a backup if it was inside your /home. That file was a collection of files of your /home. You can only call it a backup if you move the file to an external medium away from your actual system.

  Is there any way to recover?

You restore a backup.

If you do not have a backup ...

Your /home/ will be recreated after a reboot. If your personal files are of no interest you can then start using your system. Before you do read on ...
Your personal files will not be recovered. If you want to attempt to recover the files that where once there: do NOTHING to the partition or the disk, create a backup of the partition or the whole disk with dd.

You need to have the space to create a backup of the complete partition your /home is on or for the whole disk if you have no separate /home so use a very large USB disk for the "output" in that command (Examples on this:dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb creates a dump of disk /dev/sda and puts that on /dev/sdb. Before using that command make sure you use the correct device names).

After that you can use testdisk on the image you made or another recovery tool to examine the dump and try to recreate your /home/. Good luck with that ;)


Garbage in primus with nvidia bumblebee on Trusty

I would recommend using "Nvidia Prime Indicator".

First Remove Bumblebee
You need to get rid of Bumblebee and the Nvidia driver. Bumblebee does not run well on my Optimus machine, same problems, get Prime indicator. Also the nvidia-331-updates will be installed with sudo apt-get upgrade after this install.

This is my guide from another thread, try it, I feel it could work.

Carefull on next steps, do only the necessary steps:

To remove and purge bumblebee run terminal (if you got black screen, press Ctrl+Alt+F2) and type:

sudo apt-get remove --purge bumblebee

To install Prime run all 3 rows of command:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8 &&
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install prime-indicator

It should work out from the box with Prime Indicator.

If not, purge them all with:

sudo apt-get remove 'nvidia.*' prime-indicator && sudo apt-get autoremove

and start from scratch with:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-331 indicator-prime

When you get it work, install mesa-utils which allows us to recognize the GPUs:

sudo apt-get install mesa-utils

You have Nvidia Optimus, next steps for Intel driver:

Switch to Intel GPU from Prime Indicator and get Intel Graphics Installer .deb file, install it via Software Center, find the Installer in Dash and run it to update your Intel 4000 with latest drivers.

EDIT: After installing the Intel package, IF sudo apt-get update fails on download.01.org public key, run this in terminal:

This will add the correct Key.

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys A902DDA375E52366


Grub fatal error - failed to install on dev/sda

Problem was in locked ESP partition. Here I describe the solution that had fixed the problem for me (thanks to that forum).

Note: Before doing something with ESP it's recommended to make a backup. Lets consider you already have it (or you are knowingly risky like me). Now:

To find out if you have the same problem, boot from the USB stick and start BootRepair. In my case it returned "An error occurred during the repair. Locked-ESP detected."

To fix this:

1. unmount your ESP partition. In my case it is dev\sda2

2. run sudo fsck.vfat -t -a /dev/sda2 to repair it (of course you must place your own name of partition here)

After that I started boot-repair again (it reported success) and again installed Ubuntu (also success).

For acer users:
After ubuntu successfully installed, you need to add it's efi file as trusted to UEFI system. Otherwise your computer will not boot ubuntu like it doesn't exist. Turn on the computer -> F2 -> Security -> Select an UEFI file as trusted for executing -> HDD0 -> ubuntu -> grubx64.efi. Give it any name you want, save, reboot, again F2 and you will see it in the boot priority list.

P.S.:
BootMode is UEFI;
SecureBoot is enabled;
Supervisor password is set


Since you're using WPA you'll need to do this:

wpa_passphrase ESSID > wpa.conf  replace ESSID with that of your router

You'll then type in your passphrase and it'll generate a file similar to this wpa.conf in your current working directory:

network={
    ssid="myrouter"
    #psk="mypassphrase"
    psk=8ada1f8dbea59704ac379538b4d9191f6a72390581b4cd7a72864cea685b1a7f
}

next:
sudo wpa_supplicant -Dwext -iwlan0 -c/root/wpa.conf -B

remember to change /root/wpa.conf to your home directory

then request an IP address:
sudo dhclient wlan0

After that, update, and install a desktop

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop^

then reboot, and you should be good to go


Lubuntu 12.04 change default keyboard-layout after installation.

To make a permanent change of the language of the keyboard, write this in the terminal:

 echo '@setxkbmap -option grp:alt_shift_toggle "es, us"' | sudo tee -a /etc/xdg/lxsession/Lubuntu/autostart

This sets the keyboard language to Spanish. This works for Lubuntu 12.04 too.

To just change the keyboard layout for the session, write this in the terminal (this example is for the english language):

setxkbmap -layout us


How to boot into Single-User recovery mode?

I've found the answer - I had to hold shift to see the GRUB menu.

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RecoveryMode


Cannot access my server after running ifdown eth0

The server did not crash, but after typing ifdown eth0 you disconnected it from the network. So you also disconnected yourself from the server and now can't access it.
You need to find a way to access the physical console of the server and run ifup eth0 from there. Or a way to reboot the server. If your server is a VPS, your VPS provider may provide a "remote KVM" feature in the user panel which will be helpful. Otherwise, examine existing possibilities.
In the future, when restarting network interface, always do it in a single line:
ifdown eth0; ifup eth0

The server will execute the two commands directly one after the other, so you will disconnect the server from the network, but it will immediately reconnect.


Water Cooler fan control with Ubuntu 12.04

I found a solution: installing fglrx fixed my problems.


Failed to start Process error reports when automatic reporting is enabled

Since a couple of days I have the same appearing on screen before the graphics kick in.
It's appearing with some other messages I've not seen earlier:

[OK] Created slice user slice of gdm
     Starting user manager for UID 121...
[OK] started session C1 of user gdm
[Failed]  "Here comes the message from the title"
[OK] Started user manager for UID 121
     Starting deamon for power management
[OK] Started deamon for power management
     Stopping user manager for UID 121...

A day or two ago all power options under the [Settings] menu were gone.
A reboot of the box brought them back.

As 'zero-coding' is asking: what is wrong?

Thanks,


Super Grub2 Disc might be of service and is good to have around.


Which version of Ubuntu can I use on an iBook G4?

That laptop has an old PowerPC CPU. Lubuntu (a very lightweight version of Ubuntu) still offers PowerPC downloads, but requires a minimum of 640MB of RAM for the PowerPC versions. You can try the "alternate" installer, but with such little RAM, it might not be usable if it even runs.

You can download lubuntu-16.04-alternate-powerpc.iso from the following site:

http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/lubuntu/releases/xenial/release/


What is `ezconf-agent` running on Ubuntu or how to discover exact where this module came from

Well, particularly ezconf-agent was forgotten small tool by other developer.

To find out I used:

top to see PID process id

sudo ls /proc/PID would show everthing related to a process

and I took /cwd current working directory symlink
sudo ls -l /proc/PID/cwd

Then I could figure out from files in that directory.


upgrade from 14.04 to 16.04 shows failure kernel load errors

You need to turn off secure boot in your BIOS to solve your kernel load failures. Cheers, Al


Script doesn't run at startup no matter what

Certain types of commands and scripts almost by definition break, if they run too early in the log in process. A few examples are: keyboard- and touchpad- related commands, monitor settings (xrandr) and such. Even indicators sometimes.

The reason is that either the command breaks if the desktop isn't ready for it, or the command is overruled afterwards by local procedures.

Including a little break will do the job then, in the format:

/bin/bash -c "sleep 10 && <command>"


Start steam, switch to "big Picture" go to Settings and click on Gamepad ...

The rest is self-explanatory and have Fun ;)

Greetings

Lupopa


reinstalling ubuntu and purchased software via USC

To buy software you need to have an ubuntuOne account. This means you can restore purchased software even if you remove/reinstall Ubuntu.

To restore previously purchased software open the software center and go to file->reinstall previous purchases and enter your account information in the pop-up window.


You need to install/re-install grub on to the Live USB itself.

Assuming the Live USB is /dev/sdc for instance, you may get away with just

 grub-install /dev/sdc

if you are lucky. Otherwise you may need to go the more complex route as shown on

How to Repair, Restore, or Reinstall Grub 2 with a Ubuntu Live CD or USB

except that you can do all that using your functioning HDD system instead of a Live CD.


systemd is a system and session manager for Linux, compatible with SysV and LSB init scripts. systemd provides aggressive parallelization capabilities, uses socket and D-Bus activation for starting services, offers on-demand starting of daemons, keeps track of processes using Linux cgroups, supports snapshotting and restoring of the system state, maintains mount and automount points and implements an elaborate transactional dependency-based service control logic.

It is a alternate boot manager which manages user session and we suspect the files under /run/systemd/session probably could be session file. You can leave the latest session file and delete the rest.

Since it is only 200MB, you can take a copy of the files to some other directory and you can use the same if something goes wrong

Hope this helps!


Differentiating between the windows and ubuntu drive space

welcome to AskUbuntu!
When setting up a dual boot system, you will have one existing NTFS partition for Windows and will be resizing it to add an ext4 partition and a swap partition for Linux. NTFS, ext4, and swap are just names for the types of partitions.
When you install Ubuntu, Windows will not be able to recognize the partition (the part of the disk) that Ubuntu is installed on. Windows will recognize that Ubuntu partitions exist, but will not be able to tell you what type they are, or read and write data to them. There are a couple ways you can access Linux partitions from Windows, like with the free programs Explore2fs, DiskInternals Linux Reader, or the Ext2 File System for Windows.
Ubuntu, however, will recognize your Windows partition, and you will be able to "mount" it, read and write data to it. Upon login, you will see a link on your desktop to access your Windows partition, and there will be a sidebar entry in the file manager for easy access. Upon opening it, you can explore much of the user data in the "Users" folder.
Upon boot, you will see a menu with the option to boot from Linux or Windows, with a couple of other options (which happen to be on your Linux partition) for diagnostic purposes.
In Ubuntu, you can install GParted. This will allow you to view a simple visualization of the layout of your disk partitions, and has quite a few tools for manipulating them as well. You will only want to manipulate your partitions when making more free space, installing other operating systems, or doing other system-related tasks.
Good luck with Ubuntu! I hope your experience is a good one. It's great, here in the Linux world.


How to mount removable storage with custom options?

Running Kubuntu saucy, adding an entry to /etc/fstab works for me.  According to the udisks2 docs, fstab is respected as long as no mount options violate system security policies.  The docs also mention triggering a user authorization request in cases that do break security policy, however, I didn't need to worry about it in my case so I don't cover it here.

First, gather the info you'll need about your filesystem of choice.  Mount it using the device manager. Open a shell terminal window and:

$ mount
/dev/sda5 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro)
/dev/sda1 on /windows type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,blksize=4096)
/dev/sdb1 on /media/user/16G-USB type vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,uid=1000,gid=1000,shortname=mixed,dmask=0077,utf8=1,showexec,flush,uhelper=udisks2)

You will see many more devices than just the ones I have here.  The one you are looking for will likely be mounted under /media.  You can verify its mount point by finding it in a file manager.

Next, it's a good idea to get the UUID of the partition to identify it in /etc/fstab.  There is no guarantee that the device file, /dev/sdb1 in my case, will name your device. For example, if you use more than one removable drive, device files are given out in order of attaching them.  Using the device's LABEL is also not wise since it will likely be the same for any device of a given manufacturer's model of a given size.

$ ls -l /dev/disks/by-uuid
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Mar 27 03:02 345A-B2EE -> ../../sdb1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Mar 25 11:35 5E0C-165B -> ../../mmcblk0p1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Mar 25 11:36 60cdd746-3be0-4d48-a03f-45ba7381db4f -> ../../sda5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Mar 25 11:36 7913b72d-ab44-477e-9751-05f69baebfd6 -> ../../zram0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Mar 25 11:36 A6305C91305C69F7 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Mar 25 11:36 c5323b04-6d7b-42d9-89ff-d1eddd2c008e -> ../../zram1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Mar 25 11:36 d1980c70-8ee4-4f44-a4d3-fa1e12b2b123 -> ../../sda6

Look for the UUID which points to the device name you chose from the 'mount' command, above.  In my case, the device is /dev/sdb1 so the UUID is 345A-B2EE.

Now edit your /etc/fstab as root.  Do this with care.  Mistakes can leave your system unbootable! Back up your current /etc/fstab!

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak

To edit with the 'pico' editor, for example:

sudo pico /etc/fstab

Using the UUID as the filesystem identifier, an fstab entry has the following format:

UUID=<filesystem uuid>  <directory to mount on> <filesystem type> <mount options> 0 0

 can be either 'auto' or, more appropriately, the type listed in the output of the 'mount' command corresponding to your filesystem.

 is the comma separated list of options for mounting the filesystem.

Don't use white-space (spaces, tabs, etc.) anywhere but field separators.  If you need to represent a space, for instance when mounting on a directory with a space in its name, replace the space with '\040'.

The 0 0 at the end of the line is beyond the scope of this howto.  Just don't forget them!

If you wish to add a comment for your entry, comment lines start with '#'.

It is probably wise to copy the mount options from the 'mount' command output, above, and only change what's needed.  You will want to add the option 'noauto' so your system doesn't try to mount a possibly non-existent device, at boot.  I also removed the 'uhelper=udisks2' option since, AFAIK, only udisks2 should be passing that option at mount time.

In my case, I wanted my drive to be told to clear blocks of deleted files at the time of deletion.  Certain flash drives are able to erase or 'trim' freed blocks, a slow process.  Doing this when deleting data means later writes, to the empty blocks, are significantly faster.  The mount option for this is 'discard'.  It only works with certain filesystems.  'vfat' happens to be one.

So, here is my final /etc/fstab entry:

#16G Kingston flash drive
UUID=345A-B2EE /media/user/16G-USB vfat rw,nosuid,nodev,uid=1000,gid=1000,shortname=mixed,dmask=0077,utf8=1,showexec,flush,discard,noauto 0 0

You can do a basic syntax check of your new /etc/fstab by trying to mount something that doesn't exist, as root:

$ sudo mount /faketestfs
[mntent]: line 23 in /etc/fstab is bad
mount: can't find /fakefs in /etc/fstab or /etc/mtab

For an example error, I have a line in my fstab with nothing more than 'mntent'.  This test will only tell you that you have a file which MIGHT let you boot OK.  It won't necessarily catch errors in any options you have added for your new entry or certain errors which might prevent booting.

You may also want to use the 'diff' command to ensure the only changes you have made are those you intended:

$ diff /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak
17,22c17
< #
< #16G Kingston USB Flash Drive
< UUID=345A-B2EE /media/user/16G-USB     vfat    rw,nosuid,nodev,uid=1000,gid=1000,shortname=mixed,dmask=0077,utf8=1,showexec,flush,discard,noauto       0   0
---
>

Output showing any entry, other than your new addition, may mean your system won't boot.

If you aren't satisfied with either test, revert your changes:

sudo cp /etc/fstab.bak /etc/fstab

and start over.

P.S.  This may be long winded, but I thought I'd write for various levels of experience.

Cheers,
Jon


There is no rule as such, of what should be the minimum size of the home partition. You can always consider how much space will/should be allocated to a user, say 2 GB, then the total size of your partition should be the number of user X 2 GB.

Keep in mind that users are restricted to their home only, so all content they create will be in the home only.

About using the existing NTFS part: it is recommended that you use a native Linux FS like ext4 or btrfs, so before using you should format the partition accordingly.

Update your fs tab accordingly.


It looks like there was a change from v9.0.14 in the catalina.sh file

$ diff bin/catalina.sh ../tomcats/apache-tomcat-9.0.14/bin/catalina.sh

479c479

<       2\>\&1 \&\& echo \$! \>\“$catalina_pid_file\” \; \} $catalina_out_command “&”

>       2\>\&1 \& echo \$! \>\“$catalina_pid_file\” \; \} $catalina_out_command “&”

489c489

<       2\>\&1 \&\& echo \$! \>\“$catalina_pid_file\” \; \} $catalina_out_command “&”

>       2\>\&1 \& echo \$! \>\“$catalina_pid_file\” \; \} $catalina_out_command “&”

If you remove the extra ampersand there, the pid file is created as expected.


Cannot access BIOS after shifting to Legacy mode (Lenovo E330)

I've heard of this problem, but I've never experienced it myself. In the case I heard of, the cause seemed to be that the firmware was using an entry in its boot manager to activate the ability to enter the firmware setup tool. The boot manager list is stored in NVRAM and is manipulated by tools like Linux's efibootmgr, an EFI shell's bcfg, or even the firmware's built-in user interface. When that list was modified in certain ways, the entry to access the firmware user interface went away. IIRC, the person who had this problem was able to restore the thing by resetting the NVRAM -- but you say you've tried that to no avail. Still, it might be worth trying again.

You might try unplugging all your disk devices and booting the computer. With any luck, this will cause the firmware to enter its setup utility, and if you're very lucky, that option will remain accessible when you reboot with your disks attached.

Another option might be to use a tool, such as gummiboot or my rEFInd, that includes an option to reboot the computer into its setup utility. There are USB flash drive and CD-R images of rEFInd that should be easy to test. Unfortunately, not all EFIs provide this feature, so if yours doesn't, this obviously won't work. You'll also need a way to test rEFInd. This is easy enough if you can get to your boot manager menu, but if your firmware is really badly inaccessible, you might need to install the tool on your hard disk to get anywhere, and that's both more hassle and more risk.

If all of this fails, return the computer; this type of problem constitutes a design defect, IMHO.


virsh snapshot-create-as gives "unable to execute QEMU command `transaction`"

To get AppArmor (temporarily) out of the picture, I used aa-complain, which tells AppArmor to not enforce it's policy on some processes, but still make an entry in the log. This required sudo apt-get install apparmor-utils.

First, I used sudo aa-status to see which processes were in "enforced" mode. These relevant processes were libvirtd and the VM.
Then I set these to "complain" mode and made the snapshot:

sudo aa-complain /usr/sbin/libvirtd
sudo aa-complain /etc/apparmor.d/libvirt/libvirt-20683be9-691f-42f2-9fd7-7f44ab423c1e
sudo virsh snapshot-create-as test-vm --memspec /var/tmp/test-vm-snapshot

In this way, a file "test-vm-snapshot" was created in /var/tmp.

Afterwards, I used sudo aa-enforce to put these processes back in "enforce" mode.

But why /etc/init.d/apparmor stop didn't help, while the much more subtle aa-complain did, is still beyond me...


How do I minimize all the windows using a keyboard shortcut?

For 10.10, 13.10 and 17.10
Super+D is the default keyboard shortcut for minimizing all windows in Ubuntu 10.10.
You can change it to Super+M like it is in Windows using the Keyboard Shortcuts utility:
System ➜ Preferences ➜ Keyboard Shortcuts

Note: The keyboard shortcut Super+M is used by both the Messaging Menu (see this question for a solution) and the Negative Compiz plugin (You can disable or change its keyboard shortcuts by using
compizconfig-settings-manager).


Redirect traffic from server on cloud to another machine on local host in VPN

Run the shell script written by Nullivex
https://serverfault.com/questions/140622/how-can-i-port-forward-with-iptables
It works fine. This will forward the incoming traffic to local machine in the VPN.


Try doing a complete uninstall using:

apt-get purge jigasi jitsi-meet jitsi-meet-web-config jitsi-meet-prosody jitsi-meet-turnserver jitsi-meet-web jicofo jitsi-videobridge2

Then, so a reinstall, using the instructions here:

https://jitsi.org/downloads/ubuntu-debian-installations-instructions/

Specifically:

sudo apt-get -y install jitsi-meet

from a terminal window.

IMPORTANT: when prompted to input your FQDN for DNS configuration, using something like meet.jit.si, not localhost.

Here's the URL of the page where I saw this:

https://github.com/jitsi/jitsi-meet/issues/5053/

Test your installation by loading your browser (e.g., Chrome or Safari) and joining an existing jitsi meeting, or go to meet.jit.si to create a new one.


How to "show desktop" from command line?

There is a useful command line application called xdotool which amongst other stuff,  allows you to send keystrokes.

Thus - to mimic Control+Alt+D (or Super+D, or whatever the combination is you need), you can use one of the following commands:

xdotool key ctrl+alt+d
xdotool key ctrl+super+d
xdotool key super+d

To install:

sudo apt-get install xdotool


HDMI issues using Samsung AU55RU8000WXXY as monitor

Try switching HDMI cables. Try running a known good system (dvd player, laptop) with the TV to troubleshoot the HDMI cable and TV Ports.


How can I change the third occurrence of a word in a file using sed?

Given GNU sed, you can kind of fake it by adding the -z (or --null-data) option:

-z, --null-data
             separate lines by NUL characters

Assuming your document doesn't actually contain null-delimited data, this will cause sed to treat the whole document as a single line so that the 3 modifier assumes the meaning that you want

sed -z 's/None/All/3' text.txt


libre office 5.2 menu not integrated to ubuntu status bar on top

I have solved the above by uninstalling LibreOffice and reinstalling it fresh though the software centre instead of leaving the update installed.


What library needs to be installed for -lz compile flag

For a library linked with -lfoo, look for libfoo.so and packages that provide it. libz.so is provided by zlib1g-dev.


Citrix Workspace is not connecting to Virtual machine from Ubuntu 20.04

I have the same problem since the upgrade to Ubuntu 20.04 and no support from the system administrator. Tried several older version of Citrix, with the same result. And also on Linux Mint 19.1 Cinnamon.
I've tried the options as suggested in https://docs.citrix.com/en-us/citrix-workspace-app-for-linux/citrix-workspace-app-for-linux.pdf under:
Loss of connection.
When using the UDT protocol, you might see the error message: Connection to “...” has been lost. This issue can occur when the connection goes through a router with a Maximum Transmission for UDT that is smaller than the default of 1,500 bytes.
Try both:

Uncomment the udtMSSentry in$ICAROOT/config/All\\_Regions.ini and in $HOME/.ICAClient/All\\_Regions.ini
Set udtMSS=1000 in a configuration file

But that didn't resolve the problem.


Ubuntu 17.04 alongside windows boots into grub

Did Win10 update? the Windows 10 Creators update deletes Linux partitions.

Boot a LiveCD or similar media. testdisk shoud be installed.
If not type `sudo apt-get install testdisk'

Then use `testdisk to recover the deleted partitions.

In most cases the recovery is all that is needed for a normal boot.


Gnome shell and unity dont show up at the login screen

press CTRL+ALT+F1 then login there with your username and password. After successful login type as

sudo restart lightdm

and then check again.

Even thats not worked then go for a system restart and check again. I am sure you will have it.


How to create a icon on Ubuntu 16.04 desktop that would start a command line app?

I would suggest you use bash for the Exec key. Try bash -c "~/anaconda2/bin/jupyter notebook --notebook-dir=~/Notebook", or bash -i -c "jupyter notebook --notebook-dir=~/Notebook if you have added the full path to the environmental variables.

Not sure why your entry wouldn't work, but I guess it might be the  before "notebook"?

BTW, I wouldn't use a desktop entry for applications like Jupyter Notebook, as I reckon the notebook process still needs to be killed in terminal.


That file, /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf, should look like:

[SeatDefaults]
session-cleanup-script=/path/to/executable/script.sh

Try also in terminal to see what is happening when you assign a value to a variable like this: a = b and when you assign a value to a variable like this: a=b. First variant will give you all the time a command not found error. So, please, don't put spaces around the = in assignments!


boot with e4rat suddenly takes 20sec longer

I have figured it out myself now.

Actually (of course) there had been something I changed between those two boot events.
Trying to make my laptop boot to low screen brightness by default, I used the following answer here.

In a nutshell: I updated my

/etc/rc.local

file, in a way that it would run

echo X > /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness

in the boot process. (click here for more info on rc.local)

I don't really understand why, but it is apparently interfering strongly with e4rat-preload.

Taking away this statement I end up at ~25sec boot time again.

Hope this will be of help for similar problems.


./hello.sh: line 3: [10: command not found

[ is not part of the if/else syntax, but a command itself. The if simply checks if the return value of the command it calls is 0.

So, you have to separate the arguments of the [ command from the command name with a space:

if [ $count -eq 10 ]; ...

You can check the return of just any command, e.g. if grep pattern file; then ... fi.

Other similar commands are

[[, test or ((.

See this for more details.


Canon MX870 printer only shows "Processing" on the status LCD

Found the solution:
I originally had the printer working under 11.10 with the michael gruz ppa, but this no longer worked in 12.04 and attempting to install from Ubuntu's Printing manager didn't work either.

I found a michael gruz ppa that has been updated for 12.04:
https://code.launchpad.net/~michael-gruz/+archive/canon-trunk/+packages

I first removed the old driver with Synaptic Package Manager, then added the new one:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:michael-gruz/canon-trunk
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cnijfilter-mx870series

After doing this, installing the printer with the Printing manager worked.


How can I prevent my main application window getting black?

I think you want to look at the subprocess module which allows you to spawn new processes without hanging your main app until they quit.

http://docs.python.org/2/library/subprocess.html


"ERROR: File doesn't exist" when trying to transfer files to iPhone

The answer here should help here.

To summarise it:

Install a video player app on the device such as "Flexplayer".
Plug the device into your computer via USB
Navigate to "Documents on My iPhone" in your file browser.  If you do not see this under mounted devices, make sure the libimobiledevice-utils and ifuse packages are installed on Ubuntu.
Find the folder for the video player you installed, eg "Flexplayer".
Drag the video files into this folder.
You may need to close and re-open the video player app on the device before the new videos appear.

Note that iPhones and iPads do not act like regular drives on your computer where you can access all files as if it's a USB drive or MTP device - if you try this all you'll be able to do is see photos taken by the device camera.  Instead you need special drivers such as those used by iTunes.  However, Ubuntu now has built-in support at least for the ability to access document storage on iDevices, as described above, and that's what provides the "Documents on my iPhone" mount point.


How do I make my partitions show up in MyComputer in Ubuntu?

I ended up creating separate NTFS filesystem partitions for work_partition(Work Folders) and play_partition(Multimedia).

This shows up in the side bar of Nautilus file manager like in bookmarks but under devices sub-menu, which is more readable and better organized the way I want it.

And also has the advantages of being usable by Microsoft Windows 7,8 or any other windows I might have , Since I dual boot my personal machine most of the time.

The only caveat is that I might have to click on the partitions to mount them every time I want to use them. But I think there is an option to auto-mount them every time the Ubuntu OS boots up. But not sure if it will affect performance of cpu and battery, if all the partitions are mounted up, even though I might or might not use them.

Hope this is of use to other people.
Suggestions and tips to improve will be greatly appreciated.
Thanks for your suggestions mates.


Enable automatic updates from command line

Unattended upgrades are enabled by default in all Ubuntu releases 16.04 and newer.

There are three easy ways to tell if the unattended-upgrades package is installed and working.

1) See if the package is installed. Look for "[installed]" at the end of the bottom line of output.

$ apt list unattended-upgrades
Listing... Done
unattended-upgrades/cosmic-updates,cosmic-updates,now 1.5ubuntu3.18.10.1 all [installed]

2) Check the apt timestamps for unattended-upgrades activity. Look for a timestamp by unattended-upgrades within the past day or two:

$ ls -la /var/lib/apt/periodic/
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 15  2017 .
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Jan  1 08:24 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    0 Jan 10 07:54 download-upgradeable-stamp
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    0 Jan 10 07:51 unattended-upgrades-stamp
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    0 Jan 10 07:52 update-stamp
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    0 Jan 10 07:53 update-success-stamp
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    0 Jan 10 07:55 upgrade-stamp

3) Check the apt settings to see if Unattended Upgrades is turned on ("1") or off ("0"):

$ grep Unattended-Upgrade /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20auto-upgrades
APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "1";

The repositories that unattended-upgrades uses are listed in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrade.

The -security repository is enabled by default in all releases of Ubuntu.
Adding other Ubuntu repositories is trivial: Simply uncomment the appropriate line.
Enabling -backports is discouraged, those packages are not fully tested.
Enabling -proposed is STRONGLY DISCOURAGED, as those packages can be very risky.

If unattended-upgrades is installed and turned on, it will run daily whether you want it to or not. Only the GUI provides the option to change the period.

After you make changes you do not need to restart your system. Apt runs once daily at a random time, and reloads it's configs and sources anew each time.


Windows 7 doesn't show in boot menu after installing GRUB and Ubuntu

Try using the update-grub command which will remap bootable images, then reboot to see if you can find Windows now.


How will you do a desktop spread in Unity?

You will be able to map the workspaces launcher in Unity to any of the Compiz spread / expose plugin behaviours you like.

We are prototyping a new approach which makes desktop spread ("show all windows on the desktop") the default behaviour of that icon in the launcher.


You mean, you have a main boot partition, then a swap partition, and then a large (32GB) empty space? In that case...

Swap space can be removed and added again, without throwing away data (the only two exceptions are when the system is running and when the system is hibernated). So,

First remove the swap space.
Then make a new swap space at the end of the disk, with the same size as the previous swap space.
Resize the main OS partition with the now-available space (this resizing will take a long time).


Shutdown does not clean the state of the drive

Disable fast start up feature on Windows 8. For that do the following.

Go to Control Panel > Hardware and Sound > Power Options > System Setting > Choose what the power buttons do and uncheck the Turn on fast startup box.

Reference: http://itsfoss.com/solve-ntfs-mount-problem-ubuntu-windows-8-dual-boot/


Installed Ubuntu, but when I boot it always brings me to grub rescue

There are two methods that are likely to be relatively easy fixes, but neither is guaranteed to work:

Use Boot Repair

Boot to the Ubuntu installation medium.
Run the Boot Repair tool, as described here.
Use the "recommended repair" option.
Note the URL provided. If the repair does not work (and if rEFInd doesn't help), post a comment to my question and add the URL provided to your question. This will provide extra diagnostic information that may be helpful.

Use rEFInd

Download the USB flash drive or CD-R image of my rEFInd boot manager from its downloads page.
Prepare a boot medium from the file you download.
If necessary, disable Secure Boot on your computer. (You can use rEFInd with Secure Boot, but doing so requires jumping through some extra hoops, as described here.)
Boot to the rEFInd boot medium. It should show options for booting both Windows and Ubuntu.
Test both the Windows and Ubuntu boot options.
If you can boot both Windows and Ubuntu, install the rEFInd Debian package or PPA. (If you use Ubuntu 17.04, rEFInd is also available in the main Ubuntu repository.) rEFInd will then become the default boot manager for your computer, bypassing the malfunctioning GRUB.

Ideally, you'll need to do only one of these two things; however, if one fails you can try the other one. If both fail, the Boot Repair output (in the URL it provides) may contain helpful diagnostic information, so it's important you provide that. Note that rEFInd will work only on EFI-based computers with EFI-based installations. It's not clear whether your system is EFI-based or BIOS-based; if the latter, rEFInd won't work -- or at best, it will boot Ubuntu but should not be installed permanently.

If rEFInd works on a USB drive or CD-R but you prefer to stick with GRUB, you can use rEFInd on the external medium on a temporary basis as you further diagnose the GRUB problem.


ssh with identity_file failed on ubuntu 20.04

You are doing it actually the other way round. You need to create a keypair on the local (source) machine first, then copy that to the remote (target) host.
这事你操作反了，你需要在本地计算机上创建密钥，并将其复制到远程计算机。
1a. create the local keyfile (you can pick from two algorithms):
ssh-keygen -t ed25519

1b. or with the common 4096bit encryption:
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096

2a. then copy your public SSH key to the remote machine:
ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_ed25519.pub

2b. or with the common encryption
sh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub

then enter your (remote machine) password when prompted and follow the instructions.


What's up with all the squid3 errors in any Ubuntu based 14.04

You, or a script, has corrupted the configuration file /etc/squid3/squid.conf. This causes squid3 to fail to start. So squid3 is treated as not properly installed by the packaging system, and you are told about this every time you apply updates.

If you didn't install squid3 directly yourself, then perhaps some package or other program that requires it did.

As @muru said, if you don't need it, you can remove the package. As squid3 isn't correctly running on your system anyway, you shouldn't miss anything.


i8kctl not working for Dell Inspiron fan control

I found a solution for my Vostro 5481. It might work for you (and others) as well.

Required

git clone https://github.com/TomFreudenberg/dell-bios-fan-control.git
cd dell-bios-fan-control
make
sudo ./dell-bios-fan-control 0

If you get an error like this

ioperm:: Operation not permitted
ioperm:: Operation not permitted [1]
4701 segmentation fault

you need to go to your BIOS/UEFI and disable SECURE BOOT. Then run the command again. Output should now be BIOS CONTROL DISABLED.

Quick testing
You can now go and check solutions for controlling the fan that suite your needs. If you want to quickly test, you can use i8kutils:

git clone https://github.com/vitorafsr/i8kutils
cd i8kutils
make
sudo ./i8kctl fan 2 2

Your fan should now run at the highest possible settings without the BIOS/UEFI interfering.

Controlling the fan in day to day business
Now that your BIOS/UEFI is no longer controlling the fan, you have to take care of it on your own. I'd suggest https://linux.die.net/man/8/fancontrol for this. It can easily be configured using pwmonfig (which ships with it) and adds itself as a system service.

Big THANKS
Shoutout to Tom Freudenberg for creating dell-bios-fan-control and for pointing me to disabling SECURE_BOOT when I got the Operation not permitted error.

https://github.com/TomFreudenberg
 https://askubuntu.com/users/293845/tom-freudenberg.


Looking for Linux driver for Goodix fingerprint reader 27c6:538d (on Dell Inspiron 7506 2-in-1)

I don't think a driver for 27c6:538d is available yet. A bug report has already been filed in the libfprint package for the same. And unfortunately it may not be as easy as modifying 538c.


no sound on ubuntu 16.04.In setting it says dummy sound

Try pulseaudio -k && sudo alsa force-reload


My Rhythmbox plugin can't meet the Ubuntu Software Center "my-app" requirements

If you submit your package to the Quantal archives, and it gets accepted, then you can request to have it uploaded to the "backports" repo for Precise.


Unless you are using 15.04 or any later release (which uses systemd), you will probably be better off if you turn your script into an Upstart job, rather than follow the examples you'll find in /etc/init.d/ (which are System V-style init scripts, which Ubuntu and other distributions are moving away from).

The Upstart Cookbook has an enormous amount of information about how Upstart jobs work.  Although I wouldn't describe it as a HOWTO, if you combine the information there with looking through the stock Ubuntu Upstart jobs in /etc/init/ you will start to get the picture.

I suggest starting with section 4 and 5 of the Cookbook, "Concepts and Terminology" and "Configuration"


Getting a black screen when installing or Live booting Ubuntu (any version) in my laptop

This is the final solution.

For Acer laptops, specifically model number E5-573G series, the BIOS version 1.25 is bugged and doesn't support installing Linux distribution!
Hence you need to downgrade your BIOS to install Linux.

The downgrading process (from v1.25 to v1.13)

I figured out how to downgrade the BIOS.

Go to: http://us.acer.com/ac/en/US/content/drivers

Search by Product Model:
Aspire E5-573G

Select the right OS and download a BIOS. In my case I downloaded 1.15.

Run the ZRT_115.exe.

It will fail.

But before you close the installer, go to C:\Users\name\AppData\Local\Temp\
Search for a folder (random letters).tmp
There should be a H2OFFT-W.exe and zrt.rd file in there.
Just copy this folder and close the failing install.

In that copied folder, edit the platform.ini file.

Before:

' [BIOSVersionFormat]
;[nb4-version] +
BIOSVFEnable=1
VersionFormat=XN.NN '

After:

' [BIOSVersionFormat]
;[nb4-version] +
BIOSVFEnable=1
VersionFormat=XN.DD '

The VersionFormat value now has 'XN.DD' instead of 'XN.NN'.

This will ignore the fact that 1.25 -> 1.15 is a downgrade.

Prepare for a reboot. Close unnecessary applications. Because it'll happen automatically after running the installer.

Run H2OFFT-W.exe.

Upon reboot, you'll see a BIOS installing progress bar.

After that is done, press F2 during startup to get to BIOS. The version should now be 1.15.

CREDITS TO SLOWFOOBAR.

I didn't add any parameter and still the installation took place successfully. Wish everyone else for success.
And in the end, don't forget to rearrange your boot priority to enable booting into Ubuntu!

All the best! Any queries are welcomed! :D


Driver installation: compiling source code for newer kernel

If the kernel module is outdated (and doesn't work with the newest kernels) then just having the source code does not mean that you can just compile it. It would need to be modified at the source level to be made compatible with newer kernels.

The link you provided doesn't load for me, so I can't really say much about the company/etc., but I would suggest contacting who ever made the kernel module and requesting that they modify it to work with the newer kernels.


Garbled Screen After Adjusting Screen Resolution

Try the following (successfully tested with my resolution):
cvt 1920 1200 60
xrandr --newmode "1920x1200_60.00"  193.25  1920 2056 2256 2592  1200 1203 1209 1245 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --addmode VGA-1 1920x1200_60.00

Please note that you have to replace your resolution in the cvt command above and replace VGA-1 with your actual output. The latter you find by executing:
xrandr -q

If that worked, I would create a file .xprofile with the following content:
#!/bin/sh
xrandr --newmode "1920x1200_60.00"  193.25  1920 2056 2256 2592  1200 1203 1209
1245 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --addmode VGA-1 1920x1200_60.00

With that you should get the correct screen resolution whenever you login.


Can I remove Rhythmbox without getting in trouble?

I have removed it here on 12.04 & replaced with Banshee for it's Amazon integration. No negative side effects.


Ubuntu 16.04 - Issue with NVIDIA graphics after updating kernel

You didn't say which 4.6 Kernel. eg 4.6.3 Kernel fixed numerous Dell ACPI issues according to documentation if memory serves me correctly. You should know specifically which kernel version solves your FPS (frames per second) issues before upgrading.

Besides this 4.6.x series is already at EOL (End of Life) and you should go with 4.7.5 unless it is known to be broken with Nvidia.

In Ubuntu you can get more up-to-date Nvidia drivers (than your #340) from System Settings, Software & Updates, Additional Drivers:

Going to this screen first is probably your best bet with Ubuntu 16.04. Many of these drivers are tested by the Ubuntu team which may not be a 100% guarantee does offer greater peace of mind. I'm not sure why the Nvidia drivers are listed as open source because last time I looked they were marked as proprietary.

You should update your question with your Nvidia card model, your computer make and model and the exact kernel version you are running (output of uname -a).

I suggest installing and using kernel version 4.7.5 instead of 4.6.x. Bear in mind that kernel version 4.8 will be here soon and support for 4.7.x series may end soon after. Linux Kernel 4.9 will be the next LTS (Long Term Support) version.

Edit 1 - Tried Nvidia Driver 367.44 on my laptop

After posting the answer I went back into Additional Drivers and the Nvidia drivers were in a different order with 367.44 at the bottom. I clicked the Apply button and it took about 5 minutes to install the drivers. Then I clicked the Restart button.

Upon boot I got a blank screen with a frozen cursor at the top. Apparently it happened to lots of others and the solution is to reboot and enter e in the grub menu. Find the line with "quiet splash" and add the parameter nomodeset and press F10 to continue booting.

Then up comes the famous low resolution 640x480? login screen that prompts you for your password in an endless loop. So press Ctrl+Alt+F2 for the console login screen. Then type:

sudo prime-select intel
sudo reboot

Now the system is back to using HD4000 Intel Integrated Graphics and I've successfully installed Nvidia for the first time in the 2+ years of owning this laptop. Granted the first thing I did was turn Nvidia off!

If this happens to you, people recommend going to the Nvidia website.

Edit 2 - Upgrade Kernel and other Intel tips

The OP commented Kernel 4.6.0 is being used so an upgrade to 4.7.5 should be done. How to upgrade the kerenl is described in an answer I wrote to another Intel question: Ubuntu 15.10: Various "types" of freezes and now unexpected shutdown. Also included in this answer are helpful (for me and hopefully for you) tips on:

Intel Microcode
Intel cstate
Intel pstate
Update your Linux Kernel version Optional
Disable Intel Turbo Boost overheating

As always, please post a follow-up comment on what works / doesn't work.

Edit 3 - Add Nvidia repositories before selecting driver

Unconfirmed answer from: Install Nvidia driver instead nouveau suggests you first run:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa

Which starts out with this information screen:

 Fresh drivers from upstream, currently shipping Nvidia.

## Current Status

Current official release: `nvidia-370` (370.28)
Current long-lived branch release: `nvidia-367` (367.44)

For GeForce 8 and 9 series GPUs use `nvidia-340` (340.98)
For GeForce 6 and 7 series GPUs use `nvidia-304` (304.132)

## What we're working on right now:

- Normal driver updates
- Investigating how to bring this goodness to distro on a cadence.

## WARNINGS:

This PPA is currently in testing, you should be experienced with packaging before you dive in here. Give us a few days to sort out the kinks.

Volunteers welcome! See also: https://github.com/mamarley/nvidia-graphics-drivers/

For my Nvdidia Geforce GT650M it recommends 304 driver. Therefore installing 367 may have been a mistake for my platform.

After adding Nvidia repository the linked answer says to run:

sudo apt update


How do I get the path of the Explorer window in 19.10?

How to copy current path in nautilus file explorer

CTRL+L will select the entire path, then CTRL+C to copy it to clipboard

Quick : Hold CTRL, hit LC, release CTRL. Done


Jim Nelson responded to my post on yorba which resolved this. My guess is that my not deleting the cache after the first attempt is why I couldn't get any further.


How do I block a package's dependencies from explicit apt-get remove?

There is no way to prevent explicitly removing packages, which is what the command you want to issue will do. A workaround is to mark the packages as auto, then let apt autoremove the ones that are no longer needed.

sudo apt-mark auto $many_packages
sudo apt-mark manual $keep_packages
sudo apt autoremove


How to install Kinect for Windows on Ubuntu 18.04?

I know a project that has not been updated for a while, but maybe it can work, I think it depends on the version of Ubuntu you use.

This is the project page where you can find the sources: https://github.com/OpenKinect/libfreenect/

And this is the Wiki that will help you install it: https://openkinect.org/wiki/Main_Page


How to remove multiple network manager applets?

If a reboot does not clear that up for you you can look inside the folder ~/.config/autostart for the file nm-applet.desktop and move it somewhere else to test.

You can move the file by opening a terminal and typing mv ~/.config/autostart/nm-applet.desktop ~/Desktop, it will move the file to your desktop.

As an option you can also press Ctrl+h in Nautilus to be able to see hidden files/folders, navigate to the ~/.config/autostart/ and move the file from there.

Don't forget to logout and back in after moving the file.

If this fails you can also check your startup applications list to see if you can disable it there. To have a look at your applications list open the user menu (cogwheel right next to the clock on the upper right corner) and click on Startup Applications.


Can I use stock kernel with xorg edgers PPA?

I believe the 3.5 kernel is the current standard for 12.10[1].
So unless you need the Xorg-edgers ppa, you should be able to just either:

Completely uninstall the kernel and all its extra things (using synaptic, terminal, etc.)
Remove the PPA

or

Have your computer auto-boot into the 3.5 kernel, by using Grub Customizer to set grub to always boot into the previously booted kernel.

However, this second option forces you to manually switch to the new kernel if there is an update (by selecting the new kernel in grub), since it will keep using the previous kernel.


What should I do when no root file system is defined during installation?

See the advanced partition tool for more control in the above dialog box.

Click on it, you will be given the list of partitions.
Choose the partition where you want to install Ubuntu.
Format that partition as ext4, and mount it as "root".

In the next step It will ask for swap space, which you can skip.


No audio in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS with VirtualBox 5.0.20

You didn't mention the Host Sound Driver. In my windows 10 Family, I have Windows Direct Sound combined with Intel HD. You can give a try. Also in Ubuntu 16.04, you might need to adjust the sound settings as well. See screen shots attached.


Deeper drop shadow for focused windows gone in 11.10

It's intentional. Shadow is always 8 px to fix some performance issues; see the changelog for light-themes version 0.1.8.19.

No idea if/when that will return.


How to remove Ubuntu to install Windows 7

It is not customary or necessary to remove one operating sytem in order to make space for another. If you want to get rid of Ubuntu, you can just leave it on the disk and remove or  overwrite the partion from the Windows installation medium. The Windows installer will offer to overwrite anything, that it cannot handle more gracefully.

The same works vice versa, with the addition that Ubuntu also offers a nondestructive installation inside a Windows partition. Microsofts operating system is not that advanced, although the company would be free to make use of the necessary file system code from Linux.


Problems moving a web link on the desktop

That's a bug in Nautilus, see bug #1278437.

As far as I know there's no magic spell for that :-(


Split file into two files when pattern appears using command

Using AWK:

awk '/^-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----$/, /^-----END PRIVATE KEY-----$/ {print >"filename.key"; next} {print >"filename.cert"}' test.pem

Expanded AWK script:

/^-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----$/, /^-----END PRIVATE KEY-----$/ {
    print >"filename.key";
    next
}
{
    print >"filename.cert"
}

If the current line is in the range of a -----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY----- and an -----END PRIVATE KEY----- line, prints the line to filename.key and skips to the next line; otherwise, prints the line to filename.cert.

% cat test.pem
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
% awk '/^-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY------$/, /^-----END PRIVATE KEY------$/ {print >"filename.key"; next} {print >"filename.cert"}' test.pem
% cat filename.key
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
% cat filename.cert
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----


cryptsetup warning message about swap file

It's a result of this bug:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/cloud-initramfs-tools/+bug/1720036

It seems to just be an slightly irritating error message with no practical consequences and is safe to ignore


The alternate desktop image was dropped.  If you want to go that route, you can use the server install image, then install the regular desktop software on top.  Or instead, you can install the mdadm package in the regular live environment, and use the disk utility ( if you aren't comfortable with the command line ) to partition the disk and create the raid array, then run the installer and choose "something else" and point it to the raid array(s).


Parallel access to NTFS system from Windows and Ubuntu

You need to use network file sharing to have the one (virtual) machine access files belonging to the other.  It could cause chaos if both systems tried to directly access the same disk at the same time.


Try opening System Monitor and check 'Processes' and 'Resources' to see if you are, for example, running out of CPU, RAM, etc. or if a process is hogging resources. This will not resolve the issue, but refine the diagnosis of it.

If you can find out if it is your hardware causing the slowness (not a specific process/program using up all resources), then you may need to look into getting new hardware, or switching to a lighter weight version of Ubuntu, such as Lubuntu or Xubuntu.

If it is an issue of a single program or process taking up resources, then you could look to see if there are settings for that program to use less memory or look for a low usage alternative.

Just a tip about Markdown (how posts are formatted here): put a blank line whenever you want to have a new paragraph, and prepend lines of a list with -, *, or +. It will make it more readable.


When you had the drive plugged into Windows, did you go to the bottom right hand of the screen and click Remove Hardware?  Drives will not mount unless you plug it back into a Windows PC and then do that step, then plug it back into your Ubuntu PC and it will be recognised and will be accessible for use.


It is not possible to detail docker usage in a short answer, however there a nice guide on https://docs.docker.com/

First you install Docker engine: https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/ and than you can start configuring your own containers based on Debian, Ubuntu or any other supported system which is an art per se.

I would suggest that you first familiarize yourself with images with standard apps like apt-get, Firefox, LibreOffice and others, than start using Volumes and Bind mounts for data storage and finally start writing apps.

Docker website is your friend.


Abysmal I/O performance after upgrade to 16.04

The xanmod kernel seemed to help. I was running 16.04 with ssd boot drive, gnome 3.2. I thought deadline scheduler would do it , but didn't seem to help much.  This is what I followed :  http://www.hecticgeek.com/2016/09/supercharge-ubuntu-16-04-lts-xanmod-kernel/


This could be to do with your DNS settings. Are you getting any error messages back from either browser or terminal?

You should pick up your DNS setting from your router/default gateway which in turn picks it up from your ISP.  Try editing the connection to use a external DNS.  One that I always use is 8.8.8.8 and secondary of 8.8.4.4 which are run by Google. Other options available are OpenDNS.

Ideally this would be some that would be programmed into your router so that your whole network behaves the same other you may have to fix this on each workstation.

Note: This can have issues on your local network if you need to resolve something internally.


How to disable or uninstall printscreen feature in ubuntu

To Disable:

Remove executable permission from gnome-screenshot

sudo chmod -x /usr/bin/gnome-screenshot

Now print-screen disabled, if you want to get it work back just change from -x to +x

To Remove Complete:

sudo apt-get remove --auto-remove gnome-screenshot
sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove gnome-screenshot


grub-efi-amd64-signed failed on LUKS encrypted disk

The EFI System Partition (ESP; what Ubuntu and you refer to as an "EFI boot partition") is not exactly the same as a Linux /boot partition. The ESP holds EFI boot loaders and associated files. The /boot directory (or partition, if it's a separate partition) holds the Linux kernel. I'm not a LUKS expert, but presumably the Linux kernel is kept outside of LUKS because that enables the boot loader to read it without having to understand LUKS encryption. In your configuration, /boot is encrypted, so the boot loader would need to understand encryption in order to work. That could be why it's failed.

In other words, try again, but this time, do create a separate /boot partition in addition to the ESP.