uninstalling some redundant ubuntu installations

You have several issues here plus several questions in one. Ubuntu 11.10 is officially 'End of life' and unsupported, so off-topic here. There is a high risk of accidentally destroying data when repartitioning, especially to newer users of Ubuntu.

I highly recommend you back up whatever files you want to keep to a different drive (a USB drive you can unplug would be ideal) and then start over. Install 12.04 if you want long-term support or 13.04 if you want the newest features.

Wipe the entire disk, deleting all partitions, then see this related question if you want advice on a partitioning scheme.

Good luck and welcome to Ask Ubuntu!


Does Ubuntu on the Microsoft Store wipe your system?

No. Installing Ubuntu from the Microsoft Store in Windows 10 doesn't delete anything or even modify your partitions. Instead, it creates a WSL Ubuntu system, which is part of Windows 10.

You may need to enable the necessary features of Windows to make this work, but even if you don't, installing Ubuntu through the Microsoft store still does not delete anything.

However, if your goal is to have separate Windows and Ubuntu systems installed on your computer, then this isn't what you want. A WSL system is entirely dependent on, and runs inside, Windows 10.


Hardware recommendations for Ubuntu Media centre

While your hardware is a bit dated, it can be made to play 1080p with a few expenses.

Buy some more system memory

RAM is very cheap these days. Upgrading it to, say 2 gigabytes will give you a big performance boost straight away.
Buy a graphics card to accelerate video playback

This doesn't need to be a hugely expensive one. NVidias graphics cards support accelerating HD playback with the Video Decode and Presentation API for Unix, VDPAU. It might be a bit of a pain to set up, from what I've read so far.

NVidias cards supporting this technology are marked as supporting Pure Video. One of them is the NVidia GeForce 9500 1GB, which, here, costs rougly 50€ at the time of writing this. Someone on the german VDR wiki reports that a card slower than this, the 9400, will play back 1080p no problem.

You shouldn't have to spend more than 100£ on both the graphics card and the memory to get HD playback to work smoothly. To be save, buy the parts locally so that you can return them should they not work.

Don't take my word for it of course, search around to get more opinions on this.


Is it better to use the UK or USA server?

There is a built in utility in Ubuntu to find the best server.

Click on the drop down to change the server.

Scroll up to the top and select the top one (mirrors.ubuntu.com). Then click Select Best Server.

Wait for the tests to finish (about 45 seconds).

It will select the best one for you. Click Chose Server.

Enter your password. It will have changed.


Alright Ubuntu community, I have a few questions

First of all: Welcome! :)

1) Nope, you really don't. If you're looking for something you'll most likely find answers you can literally copy and paste. I, for one, did not have to really code my own stuff to make Ubuntu a great experience.

2) Yes! Only thing to note is (and I learned this the hard way):
Make sure to FIRST install Windows and Ubuntu AFTERWARDS. Otherwise your Ubuntu-Bootloader will get overwritten and it's a little more work to get it back.
But when first installing Windows and Ubuntu afterwards, you're good to go :)

3) On your Windows partition you'll absolutely be able to.
On your Ubuntu partition there's a free alternative to Office, called LibreOffice. It has something similar to Word, Excel and Powerpoint.

Other than that there's a program called Wine that'll allow you to run certain Windows executables as if you were running a Windows machine.

4) Depends. I study Informatics and it's been a great experience all over the place.
Being a designer you'll probably lack of the really good programs though. So it comes down to your studies I guess.

5) I can't really answer this, but I didn't encounter any Viruses like I did with Windows yet (3 years of Ubuntu until now).

6) Gotta pass here, I really don't know out of the box. I assume there are some though.

7) Nope. You can choose to keep your stuff. Remember point 2) though (!).

8) You can download it, but you won't be able to run it. You'll need something to boot off, that is an SD-Card (painfully slow if you have USB 3.0 for example), an USB drive or, as you said, a DVD drive.

9) That depends on your connection. The 64-bit .iso file is 1GB of a file, so really not that much. Should be done within a few minutes :)

10) I don't think it is. It'll take you some time to get into it, but give it a few days and you'll be covered!

I hope this helped you a little. Let me know if I can help you any further.

Again, a warm welcome to this community!


Ubuntu Installer 14.04 shuts down while installing

Try to repair the GRUB with Boot-Repair

Install Boot-Repair in Ubuntu

open a new Terminal, then type the following commands (press Enter after each line)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo sed 's/trusty/saucy/g' -i /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yannubuntu-boot-repair-trusty.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)

Using Boot-Repair

Launch Boot-Repair from either :

The Dash (the Ubuntu logo at the top-left of the screen) or
System->Administration->Boot-Repair menu (Ubuntu 10.04 only)
or by typing 'boot-repair' in a terminal

Then click the "Recommended repair" button. When repair is finished, note the URL (paste.ubuntu.com/XXXXX) that appeared on a paper, then reboot and check if you recovered access to your OSs.

If the repair did not succeed, indicate the URL to people who help you by email or forum.

Official website of Boot-Repair
Topic "Boot-repair: Graphical tool to repair the PC boot in 1 click !" - on Ubuntu forum, for any questions/comments.
HOWTO : easily create a Boot-Info summary


My backup sets currently contain

/etc
/home
/root
/srv
/usr (/usr/local only, nothing else)
/var (except /var/run, /var/cache, /var/tmp)

Note this is for a server, so backing up things like /etc saves all my configuration for my services, I have web servers in /srv (though if you have them in /var/www, they would still be in this backup set), I have various scripts and things set up in /usr/local, etc.  Backing up /home instead of /home/myusername is so that I can preserve all users.  If all you want to keep is your user data, you only need your home directory.


How to prompt for input while doing preseed/late_command?

From the Ubuntu Wiki Custom Install CD

  Generally, a script run from the seed file via late_command, cannot interact with the user. If you need to interact, there are generally three options:

1. Create a custom UDEB that interacts with debconf, and include it with the CD.
2. Create a 'firstrun' script that executes the first time the system boots, and disables itself on completion.
3. Access debconf directly within your script.

Personally I use the 'first run' method and run the scripts post install. I have not used the other two methods.


How do i add a standard account to sudoers file, or give that standard account root privileges?

If you are using the account the system created for you during the installation process, then you are already a member of the sudo group and you will be able to use root priviledges whenever you use sudo with your own password.

In any other case, just add your user to the sudo and adm groups.


Does running make clean after make install affect the installed program?

The command

make clean

doesn't affect your installation and it's a good idea to get some space back after the installation.

To install the application again via

sudo make install

you have to start

make

first, because all compiled resources in the source folder will be removed after the clean.


Command for open terminal to a specified path

It would be a better and more reliable solution to run the command to open a terminal session instead of pressing ctrl+alt+t via a command. If you are using the default gnome-terminal in Ubuntu 14.04 (Which you probably are if it opens with ctrl+alt+t), then you should try:

gnome-terminal --working-directory=/your/path/here

That should open a terminal session in that directory without any input-related issues that come along with emulating key presses. Also keep in mind that not everyone has the ctrl+alt+t shortcut set up, they might have it disabled.

I hope this helped you!


How to prevent users from changing their password to one of the last X passwords?

You can configure PAM to do this for you. Just open /etc/pam.d/common-password and append use_authtok to the first password line (the one which calls the pam_unix module) so that it looks somewhat like this:

password    [success=1 default=ignore]  pam_unix.so obscure sha512 use_authtok

Now add this line above the previously modified line:

password    required    pam_pwhistory.so  remember=X

where X is the number of previous passwords against which you want to check for a repeating password.

Here the previous X passwords will be stored in hashed form at the location /etc/security/opasswd

So you need to create the file if and only if it does not exist and assign it permission 600 (-rw-------):

sudo touch /etc/security/opasswd
sudo chmod 600 /etc/security/opasswd


Ubuntu 15.04 freezing on shutdown/reset and having problem with AMD

Sorry for bad English:)

Had same issue on my Lenovo laptop (intel hd video card) - had a freeze on restart/shutdown/sleep with Kubuntu 15.04. Same issue was reproduced with Ubuntu 14.04. In my case I even was unable to switch to tty.
On my laptop i had no fglrx, tried to modify grub config with all found "solutions" as reboot=bios & etc. - nothing helped.

Finally I fixed this on Kubuntu 15.04 by installing older kernel and headers (3.16.0 vs 3.19.6) + marked them as "hold" in aptitude + removed 3.19.6 kernel completely for now. Maybe you'll find other less aggressive solution but I needed fully working laptop asap.

Here're links to save you some googling time:)

Install 3.16.0 kernel (look at the accepted answer):
How can I install 3.16 kernel on Ubuntu 14.04

Mark kernel and headers as "hold" to prevent upgrade (easy way through aptitude):

If you haven't got aptitude installed

sudo apt-get install aptitude

Run aptitude

sudo aptitude

Find installed kernel and headers under "Obsolete packages" section (don't remember exact name, sorry) and click "Package" -> "Hold" while selecting kernel or headers.

Remove 3.19.* kernel using Synaptics Package Manager:
http://connectwww.com/how-to-remove-old-linux-kernels-in-ubuntu-via-synaptic-package-manager/614/

Hope it will help someone.
In my case restart/shutdown and sleep are working fine now.

BR.


What is happening with the UbuntuWeeklyNewsletter?

According to this message the former editor had to step down due to personal issues, and that has caused the delays in the last few issues.

If you are interested, you can see how to get involved at http://princessleia.com/journal/?p=3883


Ubuntu/Debian on a Lenovo Ideapad 100s -- Linux has issues with this laptop

I succeeded in installing Ubuntu 32bit. Used ubuntu-15.10-beta2-desktop-i386.iso (thought 15.10 would have better support, did not try the other Ubuntus yet). The key is to use 32bit efi and grub (I took them from Debian 32bit). Here are quick steps:

fdisk /dev/mmcblk0

create one large vfat, bootable partition, then format it:

mkfs.vfat /dev/mmcblk0p1

then mount the images and the usb card:

mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/flshdrv/
mount ubuntu-15.10-beta2-desktop-i386.iso /mnt/ubuntu/

from Ubuntu copy:

cp -a /mnt/ubuntu/* /mnt/ubuntu/.disk /mnt/flshdrv/
mount debian-testing-i386-netinst.iso /mnt/debian/
mkdir -p /mnt/flshdrv/efi/boot
cp /mnt/debian/efi/boot/bootia32.efi  /mnt/flshdrv/efi/boot/

from Debian i386 copy:

cp -a /mnt/debian/boot/grub/* /mnt/flshdrv/boot/grub/

grub directory will then have all the i386 grub items:

$ ls /mnt/debian/boot/grub/
total 362
-r--r--r-- 1 root root   5000 Sep  5 21:21 font.pf2
dr-xr-xr-x 1 root root  32768 Oct 11 20:34 i386-efi/
dr-xr-xr-x 1 root root   2048 Oct 12 06:51 theme/
-r--r--r-- 1 root root   2549 Oct 12 06:51 grub.cfg
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 327680 Oct 12 06:51 efi.img

We still need the original grub config:

mv /mnt/flshdrv/boot/grub/loopback.cfg /mnt/flshdrv/boot/grub/grub.cfg

then umount /mnt/flshdrv and remove from other machine.

Insert into ideapad 100s (I inserted to extension USB slot of my USB keyboard, you may need a USB hub because you will need a USB Wifi dongle). I had secure boot disabled earlier. Use Alt+F12, choose to boot from usb drive. Proceed installation as usual. Needed USB Wifi dongle for the network. Keyboard and mouse work. Did not try sound, nor internal wifi, nor mmc card. Had to do some of tweaking, ex. stop thermal.service because it caused lots of ACPI errors in dmesg.  For some reason after grub it would take ~20sec for vmlinuz to load. Don't know why.

Next I tried with a 64bit version of Debian daily builds. Did the same as above steps (and copied firmware-linux-nonfree.deb to the USB card). After Ubuntu installation finished, booted fine (in 64bit mode), but the kernel in Debian has some modules missing (keyboard and mouse would not work, screen would go blank and machine frees after some activity). So I copied over and installed (in single user mode) Ubuntu's Linux kernel 4.2.0-16 deb package. Upon booting, mouse and keyboard work, and no issues with screen blanking out. The LCD does turn off after ~10min of inactivity (machine is alive), pressing any key turns it back on.

ISSUES:

Soundcard does not seem to get recognized.
Internal wifi card does not seem to be detected at all.
Closing the lid does nothing, doesn't even turn the LCD off.
Battery state and percentage is reported at 100%
Sleep mode is not supported

From the windows list of devices: sound is Intel SST Audio Device (WDM), network is Realtek RTL8723BS Wireles Lan SDIO Network Adapter. Here is the output of lspci:

lspci -v:

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx Series SoC Transaction Register (rev 0f)
      Subsystem: Lenovo Device 390c
      Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
      Kernel driver in use: iosf_mbi_pci

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx Series Graphics & Display (rev 0f) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
      Subsystem: Lenovo Device 390c
      Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 248
      Memory at 90000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4M]
      Memory at 80000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
      I/O ports at 1000 [size=8]
      Expansion ROM at <unassigned> [disabled]
      Capabilities: <access denied>
      Kernel driver in use: i915

00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx Series USB xHCI (rev 0f) (prog-if 30 [XHCI])
      Subsystem: Lenovo Device 390c
      Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 201
      Memory at 90800000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
      Capabilities: <access denied>
      Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd

00:1a.0 Encryption controller: Intel Corporation Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx Series Trusted Execution Engine (rev 0f)
      Subsystem: Lenovo Device 390c
      Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 246
      Memory at 90700000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1M]
      Memory at 90600000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1M]
      Capabilities: <access denied>
      Kernel driver in use: mei_txe

00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx Series Power Control Unit (rev 0f)
      Subsystem: Lenovo Device 390c
      Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0
      Capabilities: <access denied>
      Kernel driver in use: lpc_ich

Sound related error in dmesg:

sst-acpi: cannot load firmware intel/fw_sst_0f28.bin-i2s_master
byt-rt5640 byt-rt5640: ASoC: CPU DAI baytrail-pcm-audio not registered

Tried with https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/third_party/linux-firmware/+/refs/heads/stabilize-5339.B/intel/ as explained in http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2254631 and I also get error:

baytrail-pcm-audio: ipc: error DSP boot timeout

I tried putting the laptop to sleep via systemctl suspend and it went to sleep alright, but I could not wake it up. Had to do a power reset.

Conclusions: The laptop is usable, light and relatively responsive, Linux detects four processors and with light usage it stays very cool (~34 °C), and battery lasts >8 hours. I will probably return the unit because without sound, wireless, battery information, and sleep ability it's just not worth keeping when there are other alternatives out there.

Hope this is useful to someone.


I have the same problem when launching the synchronisation between my ubuntuphone and a radicale server. This happened just after the last system update of the phone OTA-13 of the 20160913.


Why not? Yes There was, it's parted. you can use it in terminal. just install Gparted with following the command and then use it in terminal by running parted

sudo apt-get install gparted

GParted is a graphical (plus) front end to the libparted library used by the Parted project. If you want to use the command line then use parted instead (note: no g in front of name).

just use sudo parted to start it.

Here is all list of command in parted:

$ sudo parted

GNU Parted 2.3
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) help
  align-check TYPE N                        check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignment
  check NUMBER                             do a simple check on the file system
  cp [FROM-DEVICE] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER   copy file system to another partition
  help [COMMAND]                           print general help, or help on COMMAND
  mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE               create a new disklabel (partition table)
  mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE                      make a FS-TYPE file system on partition NUMBER
  mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END     make a partition
  mkpartfs PART-TYPE FS-TYPE START END     make a partition with a file system
  resizepart NUMBER END                    resize partition NUMBER
  move NUMBER START END                    move partition NUMBER
  name NUMBER NAME                         name partition NUMBER as NAME
  print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER]     display the partition table, available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a particular partition
  quit                                     exit program
  rescue START END                         rescue a lost partition near START and END
  resize NUMBER START END                  resize partition NUMBER and its file system
  rm NUMBER                                delete partition NUMBER
  select DEVICE                            choose the device to edit
  set NUMBER FLAG STATE                    change the FLAG on partition NUMBER
  toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]]                   toggle the state of FLAG on partition NUMBER
  unit UNIT                                set the default unit to UNIT
  version                                  display the version number and copyright information of GNU Parted
(parted)


Custom Automated Installation of Ubuntu Server wont boot

The problem was that I was using a "normal" CD iso instead of a hybrid iso. Converting to a hybrid iso via

isohybrid image.iso

fixed everything.

More info


sudo zpool destroy rdata

will destroy the old pool (you may need -f to force).

sudo zpool export rdata

will disconnect the pool.

sudo zpool import 7033445233439275442

will import the new pool. You need to use the id number as there are two "rdata" pools.

As you're running with a ZFS root, all that's left to do is rebuild the initramfs to update the pools:

sudo update-initramfs -c -k all
sudo update-grub

Reboot and all is well. :)


How to mount/format iPod Classic that stopped being accessible after an interrupted Banshee sync?

You may need to reinstall firmware via iTunes under Windows/Macintosh.


How to make everything on stdout be read aloud (using espeak)?

You can just pipe it like:

<your command> | espeak


Full Screen Netflix in Chrome causes my screen to goblank on Ubuntu 14.10

I have found the solution which is working well for me till now -

posting it here -

I am using Chrome version -

  40.0.2214.93

Faced the same problem. Tried this solution -

disable the hardware acceleration settings. in google chrome. For disabling hardware acceleration -
go to the option "customize and control google chrome"
the gray area in upper right corner besides the option of Google input tools-

Then click on settings from the drop down menu.
click on the blue option

  Show advanced settings...

check for the 6th category -

  System

and see if the box for using hardware acceleration is checked

if it is checked please uncheck it.

This has solved my problem. I hope it will work with you too.


Starting Matlab with error "Failed to load module "canberra-gtk-module"

When I add the export-path to the .bashrc the error is solved.
export GTK_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gtk-2.0


How do I enable multi touch on a Dell inspiron n5110 with an ALPS touchpad?

This blog post contains instructions for installing patched mouse drivers, which enable correct recognition of your touchpad:
http://nwoki.wordpress.com/2012/10/02/multitouch-fix-for-alps-touchpad/
Even this is a little outdated, as there have been several updates to the drivers since.

In short:
Download psmouse-alps-1.3: http://www.dahetral.com/public-download/psmouse-alps-1.3.tbz/view
Then (using sudo / root):

Extract the folder psmouse-alps-1.3 to /usr/source
cd to /usr/source
dkms add psmouse-alps-1.3
dkms autoinstall
rmmod psmouse && modprobe psmouse

Bam! Working multitouch! :-)

Possible duplicate: Enable two-finger scrolling on ALPS touchpad


On Ubuntu 16.04 with Eclipse Oxygen on my dev machine - should I use the distro Tomcat?

It is much simpler to get Eclipse working with Tomcat on Ubuntu 16.04 (and earlier releases) by simply downloading the compressed Tomcat tar file and installing it in a local directory (ie. your home directory).

This avoids the file permission and soft link problems that occur on the Ubuntu Tomcat distro since the files are not all under the CATALINA_HOME directory (such as /etc/tomcat8 and /var/log/tomcat8).  I run multiple versions of Tomcat servers for Eclipse testing purposes while still leaving the distro server installed.  They can be run in parallel by changing the ports they run on, or one at a time if you want to leave them all on the standard 8080 port.  Just be sure to stop the distro Tomcat when running Eclipse so it can start the servers it is using on 8080.


At the time of installing wen it asks u where to install there will be three options Alongside windows, replace windows and install ubuntu , lastly something else..
Choose second option to completely remove windows. thats it...
one more advice is not to use 13.10 its buggy and u wud have to face many bugs , instead of 13.10 go for 13.04 its somehow more stable thn 13.10.. hope i mentioned what u want..


I would go for the following approach:

Make a shell script to start the app again if it is stopped (make sure that it is marked as executable):

#!/bin/bash

while true ; do
  mono /path/to/exe
done

The loop is paused each time the mono command is run, as it will wait for it to complete, so your app shouldn't launch hundreds of times.

Then, you can make it launch at logon.

Open the Startup Applications application. You can search for it in the dash.
Click add, and in the Command box, add the path to the shell script.

Log out, then log back in again, and hopefully your mono application should be running.


If I interpret this blog posting correctly, then subpixel rendering should automatically be available with Java 6 runtimes, unless you are using a Mac. If so, this posting has instructions how to re-enable it there.

I'm running Eclipse with a Sun Java 6 runtime and did not have to manually enable subpixel rendering, but that may be something different as Eclipse uses SWT graphics library while NetBeans uses Swing.


External download manager for firefox and chrome

You seem to be looking for flareGet:

  flareGet is a full featured, advanced, multi-threaded, multi-segment download manager and accelerator for Linux and Windows with full browser integration with all the browsers - firefox, chrome, opera etc.

Website: http://www.flareget.com/download
N.B: Its available for install in Ubuntu software center (old version).


Ubuntu apt-get update stuck at Reading package list... 0%

Could be IPv6 problem. Try running it with sudo apt-get update -o Acquire::ForceIPv4=true && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -o Acquire::ForceIPv4=true

Had same problem. Found answer here: 16.04 apt-get update hangs


Unable to connect to wireless network with an underscore in the SSID

SSIDs are limited to upper and lower case letters and numbers and a maximum length of 32 characters. Even though it's not technically legit, you could try doubling the underscores when you enter the name, per Launchpad bug 685588 in case it's the accelerator bug you are hitting.


They are Doxygen documentation commands. Doxygen can generate HTML and other format documentation. Those commands control how the documentation is formatted, eg. bolding text.


How do I give back to the Ubuntu community?

Well the easiest and less time consuming method is to help in translations. Check out launchpad and help to translate your favorite projects in your language.


How to get list of installed packages with installation date?

Open Terminal and run:

zgrep 'install ' /var/log/dpkg.log* | sort | cut -f1,2,4 -d' '

Example output:

2018-09-02 16:10:59 python3-psutil:amd64
2018-09-02 16:11:00 menulibre:all
2018-09-07 14:58:58 indicator-stickynotes:all
2018-09-08 00:17:41 libdumbnet1:amd64
2018-09-08 00:17:41 libxmlsec1-openssl:amd64
...

Since this command will look up into all logs thus the output can be very big. So, it's better to save it into file using

zgrep 'install ' /var/log/dpkg.log* | sort | cut -f1,2,4 -d' ' > test.txt


I'm unsure whether Spark will work with Java 7, but if not the obvious solution is to install Java 8:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer

Answering "yes" in the correct spots should get you Java 8 as default, otherwise

sudo update-java-alternatives -s java-8-oracle

will do the trick.

Update:
Having said that, if you want to run with OpenJDK 7, you've got to find out where JAVA_HOME is set wrongly as per

gsamaras@gsamaras:/usr/lib/jvm$ $JAVA_HOME
bash: /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle: No such file or directory

Since you try to correct that in .profile (you did hash -r or re-login?) you might want to check load-spark-env.sh or other scripts that are executed prior to launching Spark proper.

Cheers,


### Partitioning
# use first hard drive SCSI/SATA:
d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/sda
d-i partman-auto/method string regular
d-i partman-auto/purge_lvm_from_device boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true
d-i partman-md/device_remove_md boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic
d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string                         \
      boot-root ::                                            \
              42950 30720 1000000000 ext4                     \
                      $primary{ }                             \
                      method{ format } format{ }              \
                      use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext4 }    \
                      mountpoint{ / }                         \
              .                                               \
              50% 4096 50% linux-swap                         \
                      method{ swap } format{ }                \
              .                                               \
              21474 30720 22000 ext4                          \
                      method{ format } format{ }              \
                      use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext4 }    \
                      mountpoint{ /var/lib/docker }           \
              .                                               \
              5368 30720 -1 ext4                              \
                      method{ format } format{ }              \
                      use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext4 }    \
                      mountpoint{ /data }                     \
              .                                               \

d-i partman-partitioning/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i partman/choose_partition select finish
d-i partman/confirm boolean true
d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true

Well this one is working nice.
Allowing 50% ram size to the swap.


Did it.
Here are the steps for future readers:

Connect your tablet to your PC via the USB cable
On your Android tablet, use "USB for file transfer" mode
Enable USB debugging on your tablet (see here for instructions)
Install adb on your system (on Ubuntu, run sudo apt-get install adb)
Reverse the port you are going to use, so that your tablet will connect to your PC. The first port is the webserver, the second port is the websocket:

adb reverse tcp:1701 tcp:1701
adb reverse tcp:9001 tcp:9001

Run Wyelus and start the server
On your tablet, connect to localhost:1701. Use localhost and not an IP address.


Where to see info about completeness of daily-build Ubuntu?

The best way to "check completeness of system" is to download and run a copy.

To grab the daily 18.10 Lubuntu x86 32bit) daily image, I [run each day]

wget http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/lubuntu/daily-live/current/cosmic-desktop-i386.iso.zsync
zsync -u http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/lubuntu/daily-live/current/cosmic-desktop-i386.iso cosmic-desktop-i386.iso.zsync

which downloads the daily zsync file; then zsync's the 'daily-iso' & test (after writing to my boot-device) each day. This means my bandwidth each day is far less than downloading the whole ISO each day (I think about 13% required re-download last night)

Development has really finished (they are in feature freeze), and has been since August 23rd; only bug-fixing is occurring now. Refer https://wiki.ubuntu.com/CosmicCuttlefish/ReleaseSchedule


Create Custom Application Launcher in GNOME panel

You can use the Dash to Panel GNOME shell extension.

  [It is] an icon taskbar for the Gnome Shell. This extension moves the dash into the gnome main panel so that the application launchers and system tray are combined into a single panel, similar to that found in KDE Plasma and Windows 7+. A separate dock is no longer needed for easy access to running and favorited applications.

You can place the panel at the top or bottom.

Refer to this for installing and managing GNOME extensions: How do I install and manage GNOME Shell extensions?

You can add application launchers to the panel by "adding them to favourites" (refer to this).

You can create a custom application launcher following this: Adding custom applications to Gnome launcher

Another simpler alternative is the TaskBar extension, but unfortunately it seems its development has been stopped.


Apt-Get system completely broken. possible to completely reinstall it?

You can download apt packages from Ubuntu repos and install them manually.

At first, create a directory in ~/Downloads and go into it:

mkdir ~/Downloads/apt-packs
cd ~/Downloads/apt-packs

And then download all apt packages corresponding to your architecture (amd64 or i386). For example, you have amd64 (Ubuntu 64bit):

Download following deb packages for apt (apt and its dependencies):

wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/a/apt/libapt-inst2.0_1.1.5_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/a/apt/libapt-pkg5.0_1.1.5_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/a/apt/apt-utils_1.1.5_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/a/apt/apt_1.1.5_amd64.deb

Finally, install them all with dpkg:

sudo dpkg -i *.deb


GNOME Shell Google Calendar doesn't want to run on startup

The script seems to have problems with loading the config.json-file while startup, when auto-started.
I worked around this by simply using the scripts --account argument.
Your cmd for 'Startup Applications' would then look like:
./gnome-shell-google-calendar.py --account=yourname@gmail.com.
Where yourname@gmail.com has to be set up in your Gnome Shell OnlineAccounts.
http://workofprogress.wordpress.com/2013/01/28/gnome-shell-google-calendar-autostart-workaround/

Update:
[2013-06-20]
I Forgot about this here, but as of [2013-03-08] I consider this a
solution, since it's a built in feature (--account switch) and it's
just working fine this way.


Unusual font on some sites (like Facebook)

Font substitutions for your case are described in the file /etc/fonts/conf.avail/30-metric-aliases.conf. It looks complex at the first glance, but it is pretty logical.
Your "better" font is Liberation Sans and it replaced Helvetica and Arial everywhere, until you installed ttf-mscorefonts-installer. Now Arial appeared in your system and it is more preferable than Liberation Sans, according to the substitution rules (they can be found in the "Map generics to specifics" section of the mentioned file).
You can override these rules with your personal rule file. Create the file with the name local.conf somewhere and put the next lines in it:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>

<!-- Map generics to specifics (overrides 30-metric-aliases.conf) -->

    <alias binding="same">
      <family>Helvetica</family>
      <accept>
      <family>Liberation Sans</family>
      </accept>
    </alias>

</fontconfig>

Now copy it to the folder with the font settings:

sudo cp local.conf /etc/fonts

Reboot and check whether your "better" font has replaced the "worse" one.
NB This trick replaced only sans-serif font, but it can be used to set the precedence of the serif and monospaced fonts at your desire.


Is it possible to have dual monitors using a virtual terminal?

Sorry, I reread your question. In TTY without X, no. You can set a default boot connection mapped to a tty session, but without a separate session w/ keyboard map (such as serial/kbd and attached monitor/kbd) I don't know of a way to split that out and to be able to switch between the two.

Consensus is that the console itself without X, it maps into a default tty session attached to a primary default device. That default device is mapped to default input devices. Theoretically, you could map devices to separate tty sessions, but the single kbd would still map to the primary device mapping. Sort of like me remembering the old-school separate debug monitor output for Borland C in DOS. The second monitor ended up as separate display, but you had no real interaction with it.

As for creating a virtual terminal and picking apart that session to diplay across two separate monitors... Not able to do that without some type of framebuffer (graphic's like X).

In real-world practice, I believe the answer is "No."


HTML doesn't show php script on Uuntu 12.04 ( PHP5, Apache2, mysql) all are installed properly

Please make a note that when you insert a PHP script within your HTML or supporting file, you will then have to save it as .php instead of .html or .htm

Rename your file to index.php or whatever accordingly & try refreshing the content on web browser.

On a related note, make sure that the PHP is up & running in order to process .php scripts. :)

Hope it helps!


Your problem : Virtual Box keeps its folder and settings in your home folder. Delete everything inside the folder.

Uninstall VirtualBox first.

sudo apt-get remove --purge virtualbox

Run these commands to delete all virtual machines and settings and Virtual Hard Drives:

sudo rm ~/"VirtualBox VMs" -Rf
sudo rm ~/.config/VirtualBox/ -Rf

If you want to install it again. Run this command:

sudo apt-get install virtualbox

Additionally, check:

sudo ps aux | grep -i "vbox"

Kill any "ghost" processes you may think are relevant.

sudo pkill VBox*


PHP FPM Working, but ignoring version from SetHandler

Change:
<FilesMatch \.php$>
    SetHandler "proxy:unix:/var/run/php/php5.6-fpm.sock|fcgi://localhost"
</FilesMatch>

for:
<FilesMatch \.php$>
   <If "-f %{REQUEST_FILENAME}">
    SetHandler "proxy:unix:/var/run/php/php5.6-fpm.sock|fcgi://localhost"
   </If>
</FilesMatch>


ipv6 global address missing after link flap

This is probably due to the default setting of the attribute keep_addr_on_down.
Please check this. You could test it by setting this attribute to 1 and flap the link again.


The correct way to take an Screenshot using PyGobject (the Gtk version used by Quickly) is:

from gi.repository import Gdk

window = Gdk.get_default_root_window()
x, y, width, height = window.get_geometry()

print("The size of the root window is {} x {}".format(width, height))

# get_from_drawable() was deprecated. See:
# https://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/stable/ch24s02.html#id-1.6.3.4.7
pb = Gdk.pixbuf_get_from_window(window, x, y, width, height)

if pb:
    pb.savev("screenshot.png", "png", (), ())
    print("Screenshot saved to screenshot.png.")
else:
    print("Unable to get the screenshot.")

The first version you posted is for the older PyGtk. So it works on console because it only loads PyGtk. In Quickly apps, PyGobject is loaded, and you cannot load both. You got stuck looking for get_from_drawable(), see:

https://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/stable/ch24s02.html#id-1.6.3.4.7


How do I install Turbo C or Code::Blocks?

Code::Blocks

Just open the Ubuntu Software Center and search for its name.

Or install via the terminal:

sudo apt-get install codeblocks

Source : How to install the Code::Blocks IDE?

To run Turbo C++ in Ubuntu you must have the following:

A.Turbo C++ setup If you have the setup then excellent

B.DOSBox Emulator If you have it installed on your system the good but if you don't go to Ubuntu Software Center and search for DOSBox and install the emulator.

or using terminal:

sudo apt-get install dosbox

Now follow these steps...

1.Extract the rar file and you'll get a setup folder.

If you don't have unrar utility you just need to install small package called " unrar "

Step 1 : goto your Terminal then type

sudo apt-get install unrar

you can now extract your .RAR file by "right-click" then chose " extract here "

or via terminal

 unrar dosbox.rar

Move the extracted folder to your home folder

2.Open the DOSBox emulator

Write the following commands :

   1.mount c ~
   2.C:
   3.cd setup
   4.install.exe

3.The turbo C++ installation utility will appear.Press Enter.

Enter the source drive as C.Press Enter.

Change the source path to \setup if it isn't.Press Enter.

4.Select Start Installation and Press Enter.

The installer will install the files.Once finished u can delete the setup folder.

5.To run the Turbo C++ every time run the following commands:

 1.mount c ~
   2.C:
   3.cd tc\bin
   4.tc.exe

To enter into fullscreen mode press Alt+Enter and press it again for window mode.

Sources:
http://bharatflake.blogspot.com/2012/07/how-to-instal-turbo-c-in-ubuntu.html
How do I install turbo c++?


" Access denied for user 'phpmyadmin'@'localhost' " while installing phpmyadmin

Seems like your permissions aren't set right for root user or you have lost your MySQL root password.

I would try resetting MySQL password for root and trying again. I guess this is the fastest way. Follow these steps

step 1

Stop the mysql demon with this command

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop

step 2

Start the mysql demon process with following

sudo /usr/sbin/mysqld --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &

(at this point it's safest to disable networking)

step 3

Start the mysql client with

mysql -u root

step 4

Then run following in mysql prompt, so you are able to change any password

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

step 5

Then reset password with

 SET PASSWORD FOR root@'localhost' = PASSWORD('password');

step 6

In case you happen to have a mysql root account that can connect from everywhere, this is recommended

UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('newpwd') WHERE User='root';

step 7

Once you receive a message indicating a succesful query, then run

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

step 8

Stop mysql and relaunch it with

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start

I suppose you have these installed

web server apache

php

php_mysql support for apache

source: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MysqlPasswordReset


error while loading shared libraries: bdl.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

Before running TeamTalk, you'll need to install some dependencies.
you can install it by typing
sudo apt install libqt5x11extras5 libqt5webenginewidgets5 \
libqt5webenginecore5 libqt5quick5 libqt5widgets5 \
libqt5multimedia5 libqt5gui5 libqt5webchannel5 \
libqt5qml5 libqt5network5 libqt5xml5 libqt5core5a libasound2

in terminal.
Source: README file in TeamTalk


Can't download software's from Ubuntu Software center ( 14.04 LTS )

only for terminal problem

this happence because ur typing incorrect spelings of the packages.also you shoul not use capital leatters in terminal for package name.to viwe package name download synaptic package manager.then search the softwere name which u want to install and it will give you list of avilable packages.now type this package name in terminal

sudo apt install package-name

now to download synaptic package manager type following command

sudo apt install synaptic

now if these command did not work then type following commands respectively

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

now try again the upper command which i just mentioned.

also try changing your server by going in software and updates try changing your severer

also your Ubuntu version is old. you should update you os to 16.04 lts which is last resort

if this dose not work then inform me by leaving comment under this answer


Second Monitor Issues on Lenovo W530 running Ubuntu 14.04.1

To resolve this issue requires changes to BIOS settings. Under 'Display' set the graphics to

Graphics Device [Discrete Graphics]

Under 'Virtualization';

Intel (R) Virtualization Technology [Enabled]
Intel (R) VT-d Feature [Disabled]

I also added the following to /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash thinkpad-acpi.brightness_enable=1"

but I don't think it was necessary...


Try open Your kwd file in Abiword and save as odt.

Also try to use kword itself to save kwd as odt.


You need to change your wget command from:

wget -O - http://debian.neo4j.org/neotechnology.gpg.key | apt-key add -

to:

wget -O - http://debian.neo4j.org/neotechnology.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -


What are some Desktop Enviroments that are 100% open-source and touch-friendly?

All Linux distributions are 100% open-source. They just have their own pre-installed software. You can do and undo anything in the system, as that is in its nature. It's like Android. Google makes it one way, but you can gain root access to change it, and they like and allow that.

Ubuntu

It's open-source but owned by Canonical. You can do anything you want with it, with or without root, but in different respects.

Screenshot ::
Why You Should Use It

Ubuntu is great because it's something new. It's not copying any other distro. Kubuntu runs like Windows, and every other Linux distro is based off of something. Ubuntu is something new, something that we get to talk about, it's advanced, stable and pretty hardcore awesome. You can get a lot of work done with a stable OS. I personally favor this.


Sounds as if you are configuring a router.

You only need to make a few changes to enable IP forwarding

Enable IP forwarding

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

Configure iptables

sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT

See also Ubuntu Wiki router

You will likely want to learn a little about iptables

Linux Firewalls Using IPTables

If all that seems a bit overwhelming, may I suggest you consider one of the linux distributions that are built to act as a router ? I like smoothwall, but there are others to choose from.

smoothwall

Firewall specific distros will handle most or all of the configuration for you and most come with a web based interface to make it ever easier.


Logical vs physical cores is a distinction made by the computer/CPU; the OS isn't really aware of any difference (if the OS wanted to get really picky about licensing, it could limit capability depending on what is going on in the CPU socket, but Linux doesn't).

If you're wondering about the maximum number of cores supported, you want to look to the logical cores, since each of those are a real CPU as far as the kernel is concerned.

Note: the 8-core limit in 32-bit is just a compiler option set on the generic kernel. The SMP kernel has support for more: https://superuser.com/a/172986/223699


Ubuntu 14.04 does not recognize ethernet connection

It might be because of network-manager. You can re-install network manager and it would the reset it.

sudo apt-get install --reinstall network-manager

Restart your PC , and check out your Ethernet connection.


The answer is xdotool, and it might already be installed on your Ubuntu system. It can simulate keypresses. See also [1].

Some commands:

play/pause

xdotool key XF86AudioPlay

previous/next

xdotool key XF86AudioPrev
xdotool key XF86AudioNext

volume down/up

xdotool key XF86AudioLowerVolume
xdotool key XF86AudioRaiseVolume

mute

xdotool key XF86AudioMute

For more XF86 commands see [2].

Instead of doing the volume step by step you can also set it using alsamixer or pulseaudio (recommended). Assuming you use device 0 (you can check this with alsamixer or pacmd list-sinks) you can set the volume to for instance 80% with

alsamixer (-c 0 specifies the sound device id)

amixer -c 0 sset Master,0 80%

pulseaudio (the 0 in front of the 80% is the sound device id)

pactl set-sink-volume 0 80%

For more information about these commands see their manpages.

EDIT:
If you're trying to do the xdotool commands over ssh and get the following error message

Error: Can't open display: (null)
Segmentation fault

you need to set the DISPLAY variable:

export DISPLAY=':0.0'

After that it should work without problems

[1] http://www.semicomplete.com/projects/xdotool/xdotool.xhtml
[2] http://wiki.linuxquestions.org/wiki/XF86_keyboard_symbols


when creating raid array, is it better to do it in partition or whole disk?

I think the reasoning is that if you create partitions that are slightly smaller than the nominal capacity of your drives, then it gives you some wiggle room if you ever need to replace a member and can't source a disk with exactly the same capacity / layout as the originals. From LPIC-2: Linux Professional Institute Certification Study Guide: Exam 201 and Exam 202:

  Optimally, all of your RAID array drives and spare drives will be the
  same size, but this isn't always the case. In situations where your
  drives are not equally sized, it may be a good idea to leave some
  space unpartitioned. This can be helpful if your spare disks are
  slightly smaller than the RAID array drive members and you need to use
  them to replace a failed array drive.


Error when trying to mount windows share

You are missing the username at your command. It should be something like this:

sudo mount -t smbfs -o username=saariko,uid=1000 //privatenas/home /home/administrator/privatenas


xorg display problem - user cannot login

I deleted ~/.Xauthority and then I reinstalled xorg. problem solved!


Unfortunately, it seems that Ubuntu has identified this problem and offloaded it to the Linux team to fix: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/683133

Page 4 of this ubuntuquestions thread mentions the bug in ACPI module. Some people have gotten the backlight to work by disabling ACPI in the BIOS, but that poses its own problems, not least of which is the loss of battery information.

The forum investigators verified that the problem is in fact with the kernel:

ACPI is what is causing the problem
There is nothing to do with keyboard brightness in the /sys/class/leds/ area
Keyboard backlighting works up until ubuntu/linux is loaded (AKA it works in BIOS and grub)

You should register yourself as affected on the launchpad page, and hope someone has the kernel smarts to get things working.


How to start Virtual box machines automatically when booting?

You can use the VirtualBox Auto-start service. A good tutorial describing how to do this is posted on the "Life of a Geek Admin" blog.

The following steps are adapted from the linked blog post:

First you need to create the file /etc/default/virtualbox and add a few variables.

VBOXAUTOSTART_DB which contains an absolute path to the autostart database directory and
VBOXAUTOSTART_CONFIG which contains the location of the autostart config settings. The file should look similar to this:

# virtualbox defaults file
VBOXAUTOSTART_DB=/etc/vbox
VBOXAUTOSTART_CONFIG=/etc/vbox/vbox.cfg

Now we need to create the /etc/vbox/vbox.cfg file and add

# Default policy is to deny starting a VM, the other option is "allow".
default_policy = deny
# Create an entry for each user allowed to run autostart
myuserid = {
allow = true
}

Note: If the filename vbox.cfg doesn't work above, try naming it autostart.cfg.

If you are the only user you can just add the line default_policy = allow to the vbox.cfg file.
Set permissions on directory to the vboxuser group and make sure users can write to the directory as well as sticky bit.

sudo chgrp vboxusers /etc/vbox
sudo chmod 1775 /etc/vbox

Add each of the users to the vboxusers group.

sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers USERNAME

(replace USERNAME with the username)

NOTE: If you have changed group permissions for the current user, log out and back in again to refresh the permissions. (credit @kR105)

Every user who wants to enable autostart for individual machines has to set the path to the autostart database directory with

VBoxManage setproperty autostartdbpath /etc/vbox

and enable autostart for an individual VM with

VBoxManage modifyvm <uuid|vmname> --autostart-enabled on

This will create a myuserid.start  file in /etc/vbox directory
Now restart the vboxautostart-service to read in the changes.

sudo service vboxautostart-service restart

Reboot your system and your VM should start


Condition that matches all occurrences of a word in a file ad does something

WORK IN PROGRESS

Extracting data itself is easy:

awk '{ if($0~/DESCRIPTION/){getline;print $0}; if($0~/::=/) print $2}' testfile

Running that with testfile that contains input text you've posted , gives this output:

$ awk '{if($0~/DESCRIPTION/){getline;print $0}; if($0~/::=/) print $2}' testfile
    "Aspi: unable to read the file server hard disk might have problems"
124
    "Aspi: database is corrupted"
125

If we're gonna have multiple files there, the code can be edited like so:

$ awk 'FNR==1{print FILENAME"\n========"} { if($0~/DESCRIPTION/){getline;print $0}; if($0~/::=/) print $2}' *.test
file1.test
========
    "Aspi: unable to read the file server hard disk might have problems"
124
    "Aspi: database is corrupted"
125
file2.test
========
    "Aspi: second file"
134
    "Aspi: i love awk"
135

That's just for extracting data. I will keep on editing this answer to include how you can assign exctracted data to variables.

One approach is to use awk's system function, that will allow running shell commands with variables passed by awk. In this function, the command has to be within double quotes, and awk's internal variables outside the quotes. For example something like this :

awk '{ if($0~/DESCRIPTION/){getline;printf $0"|"}; if($0~/::=/) printf $2"\n"}' *.test | awk -F'|' '{ STRING=$1;NUM=$2; system("echo this is the NUMBER "NUM" and this is the TEXT  "STRING)   }'

Output:

this is the NUMBER 124 and this is the TEXT Aspi: unable to read the file server hard disk might have problems
this is the NUMBER 125 and this is the TEXT Aspi: database is corrupted
this is the NUMBER 134 and this is the TEXT Aspi: second file
this is the NUMBER 135 and this is the TEXT Aspi: i love awk

One possible way of assigning output to variables would be with two parralel arrays.

$   IFS="|"; STRING_ARRAY=($(awk ' /DESCRIPTION/ {getline;printf "%s|",$0}; /::=/ { printf $2"\n" }' trapfile.txt | awk -F'|' '{printf "%s|",$1}'))

$ echo ${STRING_ARRAY[*]}
    "Aspi: unable to read the file server hard disk might have problems"     "Aspi: database is corrupted"     "Aspi: second file"     "Aspi: i love awk"

There, I've used internal field separator IFS | and created strings array as processed by the two awk commands. Now that STRING_ARRAY can be used in a for loop. To output the appropriate numbers to an array:

$ IFS="|"; NUMS_ARRAY=($(awk ' /DESCRIPTION/ {getline;printf "%s|",$0}; /::=/ { printf $2"\n" }' trapfile.txt | awk -F'|' '{printf "%s|",$2}'))

$ echo ${NUMS_ARRAY[*]}
124 125 134 135

Now we have two parrallel arrays, with each index matching string and number from each occurrence in any file

Notice that the code in the first pipe is the same, so we can simplify this, by making an awk script:

#!/usr/bin/awk -f
# Author: SergKolo
# Date: June 16,2015
# Written for: http://askubuntu.com/q/636705/295286
# Awk script to extract text
# between two specific strings
# in a file

{

          if($0~/DESCRIPTION/)
          {
            getline;printf "%s|",$0
          };

          if($0~/::=/) { printf $2"\n" }

}

Save that script in a file with some name , chmod +x scriptname.awk. Now those long commands simplify as:

$ IFS="|"; LINES_ARRAY=($(trap-script.awk trapfile.txt | awk -F'|' '{printf "%s|",$1}' ))

And

$ IFS="|"; NUMBERS_ARRAY=($(trap-script.awk trapfile.txt | awk -F'|' '{printf "%s|",$2}' ))

Note: because out of our conversation in the comments it became apparent that some of your files contain lines that have %d and %s format , characters, I've included printf "%s|",$0  likes in the code for a reason. When printf function expands a line $0 and sees those format characters it assumes that there must be input for them, instead of treating it as one long string. printf "%s|",$0 allows treating those %d characters as text, not as something that needs input.


I suggest that you try an other driver (experimential maby)

do ctrl + alt + t and type this command:

gnome-control-center

This will bring up the settings panel.

Do software sources and than additional drivers.

And select an other driver.

If there are no drivers founded. I suggest to read this.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RadeonDriver

If this not work take a good look at your grub menu normaly there will be an option "Boot with older version of linux". And select the oldest image.


As Huckle said, booting from a live USB or live CD would probably make it possible. You can get what you need from the download site at ubuntu.com, and when you're ready you can boot into Ubuntu just as you're used to, and use GParted to move the partition to the left.

However, I would recommend another approach:

It looks as if the only partitioning you've done is into one Mac partition and one Ubuntu partition. Consider creating a third partition for your data. (That partition could even be shared between both operative systems, if you want.)

Using for example the Disk Analyzer utility, you can identify the largest node of your Ubuntu file tree, and copy that over to the new partition (let's call it /dev/sda6, for the sake of this argument). When you have copied all the files you want, and verified that they were copied OK to the new partition, you can delete them from /dev/sda4. Note! If you chose to move system files, such as /usr or /home, you must reboot in single user mode before you delete the files!

Then, edit your /etc/fstab to mount the new partition in the same place in the file system. For example, if /home/cerin/ was the largest folder, I would suggest moving cerin to the new partition and mount the partition at /home with the following fstab line:

/dev/sda6 /home ext4  defaults 0 0

If you're unfamiliar with /etc/fstab, this guide seems to give a good introduction. It hasn't been updated for a couple of years, but I suspect that the basics of fstab haven't either =)

While you're at it...

If it turns out your home folder isn't the largest folder in your file system, I would still recommend moving it aside on a separate partition. The main benefit of this is that if something fails on your Ubuntu system, you can reinstall Ubuntu from scratch and still keep most of your user settings. I'm running Ubuntu/Win7 dual booted on a 120GB SSD, and on that I've allocated 500MB for my home partition - it turns out this is on the edge of too little, and I've had to use some other quirks to work around this. I would (given that I know nothing of what files you have that's using up your space...) recommend a 40GB data partition and a 5GB home partition.


Configuring network to set wlan0 as primary

Open your terminal and type as

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

Assume that your Ethernet interface ID is eth0 .

Then ad this line to that file

iface eth0 inet manual

Then restart your Network-Manager with

sudo service network-manager restart or restart your PC and check.

Hope that helps.


How do I calibrate a touchscreen on a dual monitor system?

As Beni Cherniavsky-Paskin suggested in a comment, I used the following command to map an input device to an output screen:

xinput map-to-output <device> <output>

To figure out which is which, I first ran xinput to list the input devices. From that listing, I observed that my touchscreen was "QUANTA Optical Touch Screen" and listed as device id 12.  I then ran xrandr to determine the touchscreen, which in my case was VGA1.

Simply entering the following command then did the trick:

xinput map-to-output 12 VGA1


Have you changed password for user or for root. If no username specified then passwd command changes password for root, you need to specify username, e.g. passwd joe. But only after 'chrooting' into system, mount is not enough. Just follow this wiki: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LostPassword


TL;DR

Apache does appear in your netstatoutput, and it is running. That's why your wget call works. However, it's bound to your IPv6 address instead of your IPv4 one. Address mapping handles the translation when necessary.

Going for the docs

There's obviously some IPv6-IPv4 fallback mechanism here. As a matter of fact, I don't use IPv6 on my local network, yet :

$ netstat -tunla | grep LISTEN | grep 80
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN

It is important to note that no matter how you address your machine, it's still the same service and port in the end. The rest is mainly up to your browser and DNS resolution services. However, for more information on how Apache handles this, you may want to have a look at their documentation :

  One complicating factor for Apache administrators is whether or not an IPv6 socket can handle both IPv4 connections and IPv6 connections. Handling IPv4 connections with an IPv6 socket uses IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses, which are allowed by default on most platforms, but are disallowed by default on FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD, in order to match the system-wide policy on those platforms. On systems where it is disallowed by default, a special configure parameter can change this behavior for Apache.

Basically, this is about handling both IPv4 and IPv6 sockets in way that will avoid most problems related to cross-platform compatibility and socket handling. As you can read, on Linux platforms like Ubuntu, this problem is solved using IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses. The documentation also states :

  If you want Apache to handle IPv4 connections only, regardless of what your platform and APR will support, specify an IPv4 address on all Listen directives.

Which would give something like this in the ports.conf file :

Listen 0.0.0.0:80 # Or...
Listen 127.0.0.1:80 # Or...
Listen 192.0.2.1:80

Resulting in one of the following netstat outputs...

$ netstat -tunla | grep LISTEN | grep 80
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
$ netstat -tunla | grep LISTEN | grep 80
tcp        0      127.0.0.1:80              127.0.0.1:80            LISTEN
$ netstat -tunla | grep LISTEN | grep 80
tcp        0      192.0.2.1:80              192.0.2.1:80            LISTEN

A beautiful, yet IPv6-not-ready, listener. The above setting is usually set in /etc/apache2/ports.conf (or directly in apache2.conf for older versions). The default value is Listen 80, which performs an automatic binding, i.e. conforming to the IPv6 specifications given in the documentation.


Disk starts failing with Input/Output error shortly after boot

To close the loop on this, it appears to have been some kind of hard drive failure, though a mysterious one. I was able to purchase a new drive and the laptop is up and running with no issues.
I was also able to purchase an adapter to convert my old hard drive into a USB drive and then used this data recovery guide from ubuntu and ddrescue to image and mount the drive onto an external drive. So far as best I can tell, the drive is fully in tact with zero data loss (which confuses me a bit as to what was happening, but oh well).
I will likely not use the drive anymore either way, since I don't trust it and have the image now.
Hope this helps someone else in a similar situation.


As a temporary solution, you could log-in into a tty by pressing Ctrl+Alt+F6 and uninstall cairo-dock like this:

sudo apt-get remove cairo-dock

Then reboot, or reload lightdm (sudo service lightdm restart) and it should log to the default Desktop Environment, since the cairo session won't be installed.

When you finish, if you want to recover cairo-dock, just reinstall it:

sudo apt-get install cairo-dock


How to know how many video cards a computer has?

Run lspci -nn | grep '\[03'.

The output it generated in your case, as posted in your question, means you have 2 video cards.


How to make dock background 80% transparent in Ubuntu 19.04

Adjusting the transparency of the dock

--- Method 1: using dconf

The setting is available, but not exposed to the user. You can see a range of system settings in a utility 'dconf', which you need to install first:

sudo apt install dconf-editor

After installation, run dconf by searching "dconf". It has become a little bit more complicated than it used to be, because first, you need to enable changing your opacity. For this, navigate to org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock and change the setting transparency-mode to 'FIXED'

The setting that controls opacity is background-opacity. Click on the setting to change it to a value between 1 (full opacity) and 0 (no opacity). Thus, set to 0.2 for 80% transparency.

--- Method 2: terminal

As a faster and safer way, you may also change that setting using a terminal command. First enable custom colors:

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock transparency-mode 'FIXED'

Then, to set transparency to 80%, issue the command

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock background-opacity 0.2

Change 0.0 to any number between 0 and 1.

To reset to the default setting:

gsettings reset org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock background-opacity
gsettings reset org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock background-opacity

--- Method 3: through Dash-to-dock settings

For completeness sake, you could also install the Gnome Shell extension Dash-todock. That extension exposes all its settings. Ubuntu dock, which is based on that same extension, uses the same settings and will be affected by your changes. Remember to disable one of the two extensions, or you will be running two docs.

Adjusting the transparency of the top bar

For this, you can, as before, use the Gnome Shell extension Dynamic Panel Transparency. Using the extension's options, you can tweak the transparency and transition speed to match that of your doc.


It's hard to say from these handful of icons (also many icons belonging to a specific theme often go through drastic changes over time), but it looks like the Paper icon theme.

Paper Icon theme by Sam Hewitt

(get it from GNOME-LOOK)

Also the following ones look close too.

Flat Remix (get it from GNOME-LOOK)

Papirus (get it from GNOME-LOOK)


Log out and try logging in using the Ubuntu-2D session.

Click here:

Select Ubuntu-2D there.

The reason might be because your graphics is not supported by Unity. If this works, install the additional drivers required your computer and you should be on your way.


Empathy doesn't connect to Facebook account

I think you are just being affected by facebook platform outages.  Empathy is working fine for me with facebook right now, but I get email notifications from the facebook platform team for outages.  I have gotten a bunch today, some of which talk about interuptions in the chat service.


Solution Copied from Peretz:

In a previous attempt, I installed open-vm-dkms. This was preventing the hgfs file to appear.

sudo apt-get purge open-vm-dkms

and reintalling vmware tools solved the conflict.


I had the same problem. I thought it is just Ubuntu 12.10, so I setup 12.04 in Vmware Workstation 9 and had the same result. You're right, it's hard to find the solution for this. The problem is Unity Desktop (in Ubuntu), so I switched to gnome3.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install gnome-shell

Log out and click the circle to change between desktop environment

Resources:
http://communities.vmware.com/message/2139647

http://ubuntuxtreme.com/howto/how-to-change-desktop-environment-in-ubuntu-12-10/


Making my computer talk (with the say command)

Actually say has this option (see man say)

say -f stuff.txt

Or you can use command substitution...

say $(cat stuff.txt)

this passes the output of cat stuff.txt as an argument to say (the quotes " " are not needed)


How to adjust text color, contrast in ALL system features & apps?

All appearance options are in the 'Appearance' section of the 'System Settings'.

There is also myunity  in the software center that lets you modify the Unity interface.

If that is not enough you can also install Ubuntu Tweak or UnSettings, the first lets you tweak Ubuntu in general, the second is specifically for the Unity interface.

Finally there is compizconfig-settings-manager , but this tool is very advanced, so I wouldn't recommend it to novice users.

Edit: To keep this answer up to date:
There is now also Unity Tweak Tool which lets you change almost every part of Unity.


Share wireless Internet connection through Ethernet on 18.04 LTS

Follows these steps:

Open nm-connection-editor from the terminal

nm-connection-editor

Click on the wired connection and select edit cog wheel below

Go to the ipv4 settings tab there in the Method select Shared to Other Computers

Source:

https://www.crookm.com/journal/2018/sharing-wifi-connection-over-ethernet/


Qualcom atheros wirelless adapter not recognized in my acer v nitro laptop

Please try with a temporary internet connection:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential
wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/backports/2015/11/20/backports-20151120.tar.gz
tar -zxvf backports-20151120.tar.gz
cd backports-20151120
make defconfig-ath10k
make
sudo make install

Reboot. It will probably be missing the required firmware. Please find out and post:

dmesg | grep ath

I will edit my answer to provide a method to locate and install the firmware.


In /home/[username]/.wine/drive_c (assuming you installed it on C:) you should be able to follow the path where you installed your application and then run it manually.

Another thing you can try is to use the native steam client and install the native version of Counter Strike. This is the way I play my Steam/Valve games.


Problems with certificate with wget and github lately

Apparently, github.com is no longer using a wildcard certificate, and they use a certificate specifically for github.com.
You need to obtain the new SSL certificate for github.com and put that in your system's certificate store, in /etc/ssl/certs.

You can get the new certificate using the command

openssl s_client -showcerts -connect github.com:443

In any case, the certificate is

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Once you put it in /etc/ssl/certs, wget will recognise it.


Dell Inspiron 11 3147 only boots via safe mode

After a couple hours of searching, I found a solution:
sudo apt-get install --reinstall xserver-xorg-video-intel libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dri xserver-xorg-core
After a reboot it now boots normally and, displays graphics card as:
Intel® HD Graphics (BYT)!


Sounds like a wrong partition table. In gparted steps would be:

  Insert USB-Stick to computer
  $ sudo gparted
  Select Device (e.g. sdb) -> Right Click -> Unmount
  In top bar click Device -> create Partition Table -> msdos
  You should be able to format to your desired filesystem

If this doesnt work you can also use the command line version parted described in following howto. This basically does the same without a GUI.

http://trisquel.info/en/wiki/how-format-external-storage-device-using-parted


AMD Hybrid graphics, hide intel gpu? 13.04

Someone did it, it's in the “Old hybrid graphics works” thread posted by BastiFantasti.

This guy's guide works http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1930450&page=76

  Hi there,

  I've managed to install the fglrx driver and use the external graphics adapter. The problem is the new intel graphics driver.

  Here's what I did:

  Ensure that you have the deb files for the current AMD driver (created with --buildpkg as described in previous posts)

  open a shell and download a previous version of the intel driver and it's dependencies:

mkdir temp
cd temp
wget hxxp://launchpadlibrarian.net/119461148/libudev0_175-0ubuntu13_i386.deb
wget hxxp://launchpadlibrarian.net/111621162/xserver-xorg-video-intel_2.20.2-1ubuntu1_i386.deb

  remove the eventually installed fglrx and the installed intel drivers. When removing the intel driver let it remove both packages

cd ..
sudo apt-get remove fglrx*
sudo apt-get remove xserver-xorg-video-intel

  install the older driver with its dependencies

cd temp
sudo dpkg -i libudev*
sudo dpkg -i xserver-xorg-video-intel_2.20.2-1ubuntu1_i386.deb

  now install the fglrx packages (go to the folder containing the fglrx deb files). Warnings about defect link groups can be ignored (at least I did )

cd sudo dpkg -i fglrx*.deb

  backup and remove the existing xorg.conf

sudo mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup

  create a new config file and switch to the external graphics adapter

sudo aticonfig --px-dgpu
sudo aticonfig --initial -f

  reboot

That said, for 64-bit I had to pull the files from other sources than the ones listed in the post. Then in Synaptic I locked the Intel drivers so they could not upgrade.


How to save and restore working environment, each app in a virtual desktop (including browsers with tabs)?

There is not a ready solution in standard Ubuntu, which uses Gnome Shell. Even basic session saving, i.e., where you can save your desktop state such that it is restored after a reboot, has been dropped because it had issues. Other desktops may provide session saving, but usually will not allow you to save different states. However, KDE desktop probably does.

You are looking for an even more refined experience, where you can save desktop states depending on what project/activity you want to continue. This is actually what KDE desktop provides through their "Activities" function. This post, although quite old already, gives you an idea what these "Activities" are about. So it may be worthy to explore the KDE desktop environment to see how well it fits what you are after.


Login username is not what is showing up in the terminal and chat icon

I fixed it by doing an old fashioned restart, why is it that the simplest things that take up your time? Ha. Thanks though @bse


Ubuntu extracts an EMPTY FOLDER? File Manager Issue

I had same problem and solved it by showing hidden files in file explorer.

This can be done by right-clicking and clicking Show Hidden Files or by pressing Ctrl+H.


How to add a path permanatly in matlab and save it?

Here is The Mathworks' documentation on setting the search path in MATLAB; note the section at the bottom titled "How MATLAB Stores the Search Path" about making changes permanent: http://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_env/what-is-the-matlab-search-path.html


Gap between top of window and 'start bar'?

I figured it out, I'd added an extra panel by mistake, it was a little taller than the main panel, so caused the gap. Deleted that panel and everything's back to normal


WiFi not working on HP Probook & HP 431 Notebooks

In case of your probook, you can install the b43 firmware and see if the issue is solve. A detailed description and how-to is here.

In summary, if you can use LAN connection in your probook, follow there instructions (if you are using Ubuntu 12.04 - 14.04). In the terminal type:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer

Restart your computer.

There is also an option to install this if you can not access internet from your probook. Look at the b43 - No Internet access section of this link.


No other users can access external hdd since upgrade to 12.10

one simple and best solution would be to give full permission to /media, since its a family pc and none else will use. it can be done by

sudo chmod 777 /media

if asked for password give it. to do this you need to have admin privileges.


Unity crashed after nvidia driver install

You can remove the nvidia drivers you installed by typing 'sudo apt-get purge nvidia*' (This will remove all nvidia drivers installed), then reboot. If Unity is still not back at that point, type 'ccsm' to open Compiz (The window manager) and scroll down and manually re-enable the 'Ubuntu Unity Plugin', and resolve all the conflicts by disabling the conflicting plugins. Then reboot again, and it should be good


Would like to auto-mount two FAT flash drives with the same names

You can edit your /etc/fstab and add the following line to do this easily. But you may understand the risks of doing so.

LABEL=flash /media/where_will_be_mounted vfat defaults 0 0

Ok, lets boil down each option:

LABEL=flash: tells the system to mount any driver with the label flash
/media/where_will_be_mounted: Self-explanatory, you should already have the path created before mounting.
vfat: you said the filesystem will be FAT always, if it's not FAT it will fail.
defaults: This set up the driver with the default mount options for the filesystem, equivalent to rw,suid,dev,exec,auto,nouser,async. The important part here is the auto, that tells the system to mount automatically the filesystem when mount -a is issued, like it does at boot.
0: They are dump and fscheck options, you most likely won't want this.


The boot order and default is determined by GRUB, the boot loader. The default entry is determined by the GRUB_DEFAULT= setting in /etc/default/grub; the first "menuentry" has a value of "0". So, if Ubuntu is the second entry, just edit this file:

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

and change it to:

GRUB_DEFAULT=1

You can also change the GRUB_TIMEOUT to a lower value if you don't like to wait too long


first install dconf-tools

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

reset Compiz and Unity by using the following command:

dconf reset -f /org/compiz/

restart Unity after running the above command

setsid unity


How can I start GNU Screen automatically when I open a new terminal window?

When screen starts, the first window launches your shell, and you've told your shell to start screen. Then, when screen starts, the first window launches your shell, and you've told your shell to start screen. Then, when screen starts ...

Lather, rinse, repeat.

screen sets the $TERM variable to "screen", so to avoid endlessly recursive invocations of screen ("turtles all the way down") your .bashrc can end with:

[[ $TERM != "screen" ]] && exec screen -q


What is the password for ``ssh root@localhost``?

ssh root@localhost uses the same password for root. It looks like you have not set root password.
To do that log in as root using sudo -s then use passwd command to set root password.

After that you must be able to ssh as root

How to find out root password for installing software


How do you measure TCP packets waiting in transmit queue?

It's difficult to reply anything accurate. First of all because TCP packets makes no sense. TCP implements a continuous data flow over IP, so a program  using a TCP connection will have to:

Elaborate the data and write it to the TCP socket. Maybe this is what you mean by "process delay".
Optionally, something like SSL can process the data (encryption, VPN)
The data is passed to the IP protocol which slices the stream, creating packets.
The packets are routed/masqueraded at need.
The packets are encapsulated in Ethernet packets (most of time).
The Ethernet packets are sent, and maybe with some random delay (network congestion).

On each layer of the TCP/IP stack, delays can occur (and I said nothing about error recovery). This imply you should be more accurate about which delay you want to measure. Maybe some tool like wireshark or tcpdump will help you, maybe not.

Reading your last comment,it's more clear you're investigating on application level. A profiling tool should help you then. Most IDE have one, but... the profiling itself introduces some overhead ! :-)


How to install .NET framework v4.0.30319 on wine?

With winetricks and a 32-bit WINE prefix. Be in mind, that PlayOnLinux use a separate wine prefix for each installed applications. For this reason, you have to use your WINEPREFIX:

sudo apt-get install winetricks
WINEARCH=win32 WINEPREFIX=~/.wine32 winetricks dotnet40

But as you can read here, the installation script for osu

Script is outdated and no longer works.

And couriosly, osu needs dotnet20 and not dotnet40.


Normally a key-press will result in a scan-code which will be sent to the operating system. Not so the fn-key. The scan-code of the fn-key will not be sent to the operating system, it will be used in the keyboards micro-controller to alter scan-codes of other keys which are pressed.

Therefore you can not remap the fn-key in the operating system. Some laptops provide a possibility to remap the key in BIOS-settings, I don't know if that is the case for your Fujitsu Lifebook.Checking the manual for your model  didn't give me a hint, please browse your BIOS to find out if it is possible or not.


Try compiling like this:

gcc -I/usr/include/mysql mysqldb.c -o mysql -lmysqlclient


Cannot re-install libreoffice after purge

I'd recommend you to uninstall LibreOffice and OpenOffice using Synaptic, from where you have to remove completelly all the related files (config files), reboot and then install LibreOffice from scratch again. Synaptic will fetch all the necessary files asked by LibreOffice.


Libre Office Writer display small and narrow

Change the zoom level of the document

Somehow you have made the scale of the document 39%. Move the slider at the bottom right corner of LibreOffice Writer to 100% or more.

See the image below:

You can change the zoom level also by holding down the Ctrl and turning the scroll-wheel of the mouse.

If you don't have a mouse with scroll-wheel, but a touch-pad as in a laptop, you can hold down the Ctrl and do the touch-pad equivalent for scrolling.

Also see this question in Ask LibreOffice, and another answer. Thanks to pbhj for pointing out the second one.

Hope it helps


Cannot add new files to mounted Samba NAS

The file-system-table (/etc/fstab) file contains six fields separated by white-space (spaces or tabs) and your entry in the question contains many many spaces in wrong places.

The additional spaces between comma-separated-values act to change the parameters you want all in parameter-4 (mount-options) so most go to wrong or non-existent fields. The extra spaces as placed is your problem.

You need :-

//192.168.178.25/Musik /mnt/Musik cifs username=sandro,password=mypassword,iocharset=utf8,uid=1000,gid=1000,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777  0  0


How to compress a directory that it names starts with -

You can use -- to indicate the end of options ex.:
$ zip -r my.zip -YDHEmmD9DDD=

zip error: Invalid command arguments (short option 'Y' not supported)

but
$ zip -r my.zip -- -YDHEmmD9DDD=
updating: -YDHEmmD9DDD=/ (stored 0%)
  adding: -YDHEmmD9DDD=/somefile (stored 0%)
  adding: -YDHEmmD9DDD=/other file (stored 0%)


We've got a new version of the Bindwood bookmarks synchronisation extension ready with a rewritten synchronisation engine.  I don't have it packaged in the PPA yet, but you can find an XPI file for the new version here:

http://launchpad.net/bindwood/trunk/1.99.0/+download/bindwood-1.99.0.xpi

I've been testing this on both Ubuntu 10.10 and the 11.04 betas, so should work fine with either Firefox 3.6 or 4.0.  It will probably work with 10.04 too, if you grab the newer couchdb from the backports repository.

If you have any problems with this version, please file bugs at:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/bindwood/+filebug

Or ask another question here.  Make sure to note that you're using the new version.


Print stops in HP LaserJet M1126nw MFP with Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

Uninstall the printer you just installed. Confirm you have the packages hplip and hplip-gui installed. If not install them from a terminal:

sudo apt install hplip hplip-gui

Then from a terminal run:

sudo hp-setup -i

Follow the setup instructions and your printer should then be set up.


Complete freezing - Ubuntu 20.04, probable problem with AMD driver

You should install the nvidia drivers from the Setup app. Do not try to install a version taken from someplace else.
The Ubuntu Handbook describes the installation of the GeForce GTX 1650 Ti driver
But your picture shows data with "amdgpu". That driver should not be active, if you're using Nvidia. If you installed that GPU in addition to the nvidia driver, you must blacklist it in /etc/modprobe.d.
UPDATE
Your inxi shows that you have two GPUs. Either install the correct drivers for the AMD GPU (obviously you don't have them) or - if you do not need them - disable the AMD GPU, which is part of you processor...
Here is a thread concerning the AMD Renoir driver


Nvidia multiple monitor with different resolution

found this on this site for you:
http://www.howopensource.com/2012/10/install-nvidia-geforce-driver-in-ubuntu-12-10-12-04-using-ppa/

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current nvidia-settings

GeForce 600 series:
GTX 690, GTX 680, GTX 670, GTX 660 Ti, GTX 660, GTX 650, GT 645, GT 640, GT 630, GT 620, GT 610, 605


3 monitors and 2 video cards (intel and ati)

Unfortunately, this generally doesn't work right now in Ubuntu. See: 3+ monitors, nvidia + intel graphics

X isn't configured to load two different vendors' driver packages (in this case, xserver-xorg-video-intel and fglrx or xserverg-xorg-video-ati) simultaneously. There are many posts on this forum asking about this, and it's not likely that Ubuntu will be able to implement this feature the way it is on Windows. I posted a bug report on Launchpad and was told that it may make it into the next version of nouveau, the open-source nVidia driver, but nVidia is the one vendor whose proprietary drivers are almost always preferable, so that doesn't necessarily help very much (and it doesn't help AMD+Intel users at all).

On top of this, most new mid-to-high-end video cards manufactured from 2012 onwards support 4+ displays, so that may decrease the priority of this feature going forward.

You may be able to hack something together that uses two separate instances of X (such that you wouldn't be able to drag applications between the Intel and AMD displays) but it'd require not using XRANDR (meaning you'd lose the Display configuration program in newer versions of Ubuntu, along with several other more user-friendly implementations like hotplugging displays), so I can't really recommend it unless you have years of Xorg.conf editing under your belt. If you're willing to drop a little bit of cash, you'd probably have better luck buying a second cheap AMD card that can be plugged into a spare PCI slot (e.g. http://www.club-3d.com/index.php/products/reader.en/product/radeon-hd-5450-pci-noiseless-edition.html) and using that instead of the Intel graphics, as it will likely work concurrently with the other one.


Weight of the commentaries in the source code

You mention the kernel as a program of concern. The kernel, and everything written in C, is compiled, so the source code is read and translated into machine code. All comments are stripped during this process. So you don't need to worry about any slowdown in comments.

Interpreted code, in, say, shell or python, could potentially suffer from comment-induced slowdown. But I'm certain it would be negligible. Comments are processed when parsing the program, at which point they would be stripped, thus they would affect the initial parsing time but not execution time.

Here's more on that topic:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2731022/do-comments-slow-down-an-interpreted-language

So the bottom line is, you don't really need to worry about this slowing down things in any perceptible or relevant way.


sddm + pam_kwallet5 + pam_usb = "open_session called without kwallet5_key"

I didn't find anything better than:

cat /etc/pam.d/common-auth

auth sufficient pam_usb.so
@include common-auth-nousb

cat /etc/pam.d/common-auth-nousb

auth    [success=1 default=ignore]      pam_unix.so nullok_secure try_first_pass
auth    requisite                       pam_deny.so
auth    required                        pam_permit.so

head /etc/pam.d/sddm

#%PAM-1.0

# Block login if they are globally disabled
auth    requisite       pam_nologin.so
auth    required        pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet_success

# auth    sufficient      pam_succeed_if.so user ingroup nopasswdlogin
@include common-auth-nousb
# gnome_keyring breaks QProcess
-auth   optional        pam_gnome_keyring.so

This makes pam-auth-update useless, but achieves the goal: now I can boot with key flash drive inserted without the need to unlock kwallet manually.


How can I convert a linux swap partition to ntfs?

Use a linux live CD/DVD/USB and run gparted to recover your partitions.
You can try your ubuntu installation image or some specialized
distribution like gparted-live. Using this you need to delete the swap partition or you change the format to NTFS.


Why my Ubuntu 14.04 does not detect home Wifi?

If you are person using ubuntu 16.04 who landed on this page like me, I leave the below link that solved the problem for me as a reference:

https://askubuntu.com/a/764120/658492

Solution: sudo service network-manager restart


xrandr settings in CLI are reset every 60 seconds

For anyone who comes through the same trouble : it was really caused by the night light setting.
I haven't been able to clearly display the time ubuntu is set to (with 'sunset and sunrise' settings), but disabling 'night light' after the reset (and re-enabling xrandr command) fixed the recurring reset, so this is really the root cause.

Btw, if anyone knows how to display the next daily timing of night light setting (to check that and by curiosity) it would be interesting :)


Cannot dual boot Ubuntu/Windows 10 on HP laptop

Method 1
If you have dual boot with windows then create partitions using the disk management tool according to what amount of disk space you want to give to Ubuntu. Also create a partition to provide swap to Linux.

Method 2
If you have installation errors or if you accidentally removed windows the use live Ubuntu usb and create partition of your choice. According to me use only the / directory with ext4 filesystem. Ignore /home.


Problems booting 20.04 due to erased boot partition

The guide you mentioned in your question outlines installing on a USB storage device. That guide says: (Booting BIOS mode preferred). You may have installed Ubuntu in BIOS mode. Your third point (screen goes black, then returns to boot selection) suggests that your computer is (back?) in Secure or UEFI First mode.
Go back into the UEFI settings, turn secure boot off, enable CSM and select Legacy (and UEFI, in that order, if your UEFI firmware supports that).
Also, you could install boot-repair and take it from there.


Ubuntu 16.04 Could not apply the stored configuration for monitors

Ok,

what helped was:

rm  ~/.config/monitors.xml

No troubles yet.

On the long term I am thinking about creating a shutdown script executing above code...


Unable to install gnome-shell extensions from https://extensions.gnome.org/ No toggle (ON/OFF) switch

Update: I circumvented the issue by installing the Epiphany browser via sudo apt-get install epiphany. Using this browser I was able to install the shell extensions of interest using the web-integrated toggle (all above-mentioned irregularities were unobserved).

Since the extensions were now locally saved in ...

  ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions

...  I then removed Epiphany and dependent files: sudo apt-get remove epiphany && sudo apt-get autoremove [I was reluctant to use purge command.].

Making a blind guess there might have been a conflict between (some) Firefox (default) configurations and the communication between the script on https://extensions.gnome.org/local/ with the gnome-shell?

PS: In case anyone has issues installing the gnome-shell extension 'System Monitor' on Ubuntu (Gnome) 16.04, i.e. a silent fail of the installation using the toggle co-occurrent with the switch going back into 'OFF' position after page-refresh, You might need to install libgtop2-10 & gir1.2-gtop-2.0code. The extension is dependent on those, which seem not to be included by default in the 16.04 LTS installation. Apparently the missing dependencies are recognized and the installation from the web-interface fails/is aborted for this very reason. Unfortunately You are not dclearly informed about this error.


Can I download Ubuntu with my Mac and transfer it via USB?

You need to download the file here, and then follow these instructions:
The easiest way to burn an ISO, the file you need to install Ubuntu from a DVD, is by using Disk Utility.

Launch 'Disk Utility' (Applications → Utilities → Disk Utility).

Insert your blank DVD.

Drag and drop your .iso file to the left pane in Disk Utility. Now both the blank disc and the .iso should be listed.

Select the .iso file, and click on the 'Burn' button in the toolbar.

Ensure that the 'Verify burned data' checkbox is ticked (you may need to click on the disclosure triangle to see the checkbox).

Click 'Burn'. The data will be burned and verified.

Taken from ubuntu.com


I've had the same problem and solved it as follows:

Install gnome-tweak-tool with apt-get install gnome-tweak-tool.

You can start the graphical program from the command prompt with gnome-tweak-tool. There is an Advanced Settings > Fonts section, that will allow you to change the font size.

Good Luck!


Ubuntu 20.04 installs Python2 by default

In Ubuntu, the following terms apply to ALL supported releases:

The python command refers to the Python 2 interpreter only. deb packages with 'python-' in the package name are compatible with Python 2 only.
The python3 command refers to the Python 3 interpreter only. deb packages with 'python3-' in the package name are compatible with Python 2 only.

Reasons:

Py3 introduced some changes that are not backward-compatible with Py2. Therefore, folks must specify the correct interpreter...the interpreter cannot reliably figure it out on it's own.

Pep 394 allows Ubuntu to change python to point to py3, but does not require it. Instead, it requires consistent, predicatable usage.

Regardless of what upstream projects do, Ubuntu provides support for LTS releases up to 10 years (5 years community support, 5 more years Extended Security Maintenance). Python 2 will continue to be in various releases of Ubuntu until 2028, when Ubuntu 18.04 is retired.
Until then, changing the name will be hopelessly confusing and frustrating. Which online answers are correct? Which documentation should you use? How will new users with problem express to AskUbuntu which version of Python they are using when they don;t know that there is a difference?

The Ubuntu Developers have expressed no interest in changing the name. Some other upstream projects (like QT) similarly include a version number in their application name to avoid confusion between incompatible versions. Perhpas that will change in a few years...but perhaps not.


Why are some processes highlighted in top?

To expand on Doug's answer, look at the states of the processes. All but the three highlighted processes are in state S, and the three highlighted processes are in state R. The process states are given in section 3a, item 20 of the top manpage:

20. S  --  Process Status
   The status of the task which can be one of:
       D = uninterruptible sleep
       R = running
       S = sleeping
       T = traced or stopped
       Z = zombie

   Tasks  shown  as running should be more properly thought of as
   'ready to run'  --  their task_struct is simply represented on
   the Linux run-queue.  Even without a true SMP machine, you may
   see numerous tasks in this  state  depending  on  top's  delay
   interval and nice value.

To toggle that highlighting, press y:

y :Row-Highlight toggle
  Changes highlighting for "running" tasks.   For  additional
  insight into this task state, see topic 3a. DESCRIPTIONS of
  Fields, the 'S' field (Process Status).

  Use of this provision provides important insight into  your
  system's  health.   The only costs will be a few additional
  tty escape sequences.


Kubuntu 20.04 failed to upgrade to kernel 5.8 with CPU AMD Ryzen 5 4500U

The kernel is not signed. Turning off secure-boot in your bios could help.
This could be the same issue.


The icons you have indicated are called, from left to right, go-previous.xxx, go-next.xxx, go-home.xxx and view.refresh.xxx (or document.revert.xxx) where xxx would be the image format (typically png or svg). I'm assuming the icons are named according to this.

What you have to do is to locate where these icons are: at a system-wide level they would be in /usr/share/icons/name_of_icon_theme/. At the user level, they will be in ~/.icons/name_of_icon_theme if you have created such a folder. Within the particular folder, you may need to look in the subfolder called actions. Within actions, the icons maybe in /16 or /22 or /24, etc. (At least one theme has the size first and then actions as a subfolder.) For me, the icons are spread over /16 and /22.

Depending on whether the icons you wish to replace are in /usr/share/icons or in ~/.icons you will need to use sudo. First, rename the icons you think you want to replace, then copy over the icons from the source you desire. You need to make sure they're the same size (16, 22, 24, whatever) and the same format. And ignore the ones represented by logical links.

To see if the changes are indeed the ones you want, you need to change to another icon theme and then back to your desired theme to effect the changes (using something like Ubuntu Tweaks or MyUnity or Gnome Tweak tool). Alternatively, you can log out and log in.

So long as you're systematic, nothing will go wrong and you can always revert the changes.

Also, all apps that use these icons will be affected, not just Firefox!


I personally have always preferred to download the individual components rather than a wrapper, and this has always worked out well for me.  The advantage is that if something isn't working, there is one less thing to get in the way.

However, if you really need an older version of PHP, you might find it to be too much trouble to get all the versions to work together; I don't know if the current versions of MySQL and Apache work with the old PHP version.

You could try something like this: Bitnami Lampstack, but I don't think it supports 64-bit.

Another option is Oldapps xampp.  Oldapps.com would be good if you wanted to go the separate route also, as they have old versions of all the individual components.


Set flag  chrome://flags/#ntp-webui (Use the WebUI new tab page when opening a new tab) to Disabled, and relaunch browser. Just checked on chromium version 88.0.4324.96


There is an OSS solution to this called Synergy.  It allows you to control multiple computers with a single keyboard and mouse so long as they are networked.  It supports Windows, Linux and Mac.  More details here: http://synergy-project.org/

Hope that helps.