The most straightforward way that will work on most Linux systems is to add them to your fstab. But there are others. Each has their own headline in this answer.
Note:
If you get an error massage saying something about "root" or "permissions" it is because for most mounting options you will need root privileges. In Unity you can achieve that by prepending gksudo (graphical applications) or sudo to the usual command and typing your password. So, e.g. in case of ntfs-config you press Alt+F2 and type gksudo ntfs-config.

Gigolo
Gigolo
Gigolo works hand in hand with Nautilus' remote file system and mounting capabilities. You need to add the partitions to your Nautilus bookmarks (Nautilus is Ubuntu's default file manager). After that you will find them in Gigolo. The rest is said in another answer of mine.

Fstab
Edit: Since guessing from your comments you are not that acquainted with linux I will explain the procedure in more detail:
The fstab-method is cleaner and more basic than gui-tools or Gigolo. It will also work on other systems even those that are text-mode only. In principle you don't need to install anything. For each ntfs-partition you will have to add one line to the file called /etc/fstab. For me the line I added looks like this:
#Windows-Partition
UUID=<xxxxx> /media/win ntfs rw,auto,users,exec,nls=utf8,umask=003,gid=46,uid=1000    0   0

The part that says UUID=<xxxxx> tells your system which partition to mount. If you follow this procedure and have duplicate devices showing up, replace UUID=<xxxx> with /dev/disk/by-uuid/<xxxxx>.  Each partition has it's own unique UUID. Spaces are important, so best copy&paste the line. Replace auto by noauto to manually mount. Users should be in the group plugdev.
Note that if this line is at the very end of your file there should be a newline after it. Mount will complain if you don't have it.
Finding the UUID:

Open Disk Utility and identify the proper partitions by their size (e.g. 120 GB), file system (e.g. ntfs) and name. Note their "Device:" file (e.g. /dev/sdb1). Instead you can run the following command in a Terminal such as gnome-terminal:
sudo fdisk -l

You can find out the UUID of your partitions by running sudo blkid in shell. The output looks somewhat like this:
confus@confusion:~$ sudo blkid
[sudo] password for confus:
/dev/sda1: LABEL="boot" UUID="cc425c68-704f-4836-9123-bbb3aea64471" TYPE="ext2"
/dev/sda2: UUID="1c8b1489-e111-481c-89f2-743203c3ee7d" TYPE="crypto_LUKS"
/dev/sda3: UUID="7258CB9858CB598D" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda4: LABEL="HP_TOOLS" UUID="1405-0A4C" TYPE="vfat"
/dev/mapper/lukslvm: UUID="xZSNtR-MocS-dLMk-vOWa-Ay65-wS9b-GqaNhV" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/mapper/vgubuntu-swap: UUID="f415f3b9-4e4d-48b1-99c2-605e16532f9e" TYPE="swap"
/dev/mapper/vgubuntu-root: UUID="62a862b4-e6c8-4efd-90b5-55eab8e83e39" TYPE="ext4"

The correct UUID will have the proper device file in front of it and TYPE="ntfs" after. So for me the UUID is "7258CB9858CB598D". For you this number will be different. Also I have only one NTFS partition. Subitute my UUID in the lines you add to fstab by the one you found this way.
Setting the mount point
Now the mount point. For each partition this will be different. I chose /media/win. You can choose whatever you like. It just has to be an existing empty directory. You could just as well create the directory /home/yourusername/windows1 and then put it in your fstab.
The other parameters in my line
ntfs tells the fstab that it is an ntfs-type partition.
rw,auto,user,exec,nls=utf8,umask=003,gid=46,uid=1000    0   0 is beyond the scope of this answer. Just use those values as they are. They should be fine. It you're interested, you can read an explanation of these parameters in the link I provided earlier.
When you added the lines and did all of the stuff I described, save the file and run sudo mount -a in shell. If you can access your partitions through their mount points and no errors are printed out, then all went well. If not check for typos and obvious errors. Don't reboot if sudo mount -a displays errors! With errors a reboot might fail.
Finding your user and group id
You can find out your user and group id with the id command.
confus@confusion:~$ id
uid=1000(confus) gid=1000(confus) groups=1000(confus),4(adm),7(lp),20(dialout),24(cdrom),46(plugdev),112(lpadmin),120(admin),122(sambashare)

ntfs-config
A graphical tool ntfs-config  is also available but not necessary (and its current version doesn't work in Natty Narwhal - suppose that will be fixed soon). Besides you might lose old settings in your fstab with this tool (e.g. mounting the cache in the memory), because it overwrites the /etc/fstab file instead of appending things.


Error: Unable to locate package gcc-10 while updating GCC and G++

It is absolutely expected.
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS does not have gcc-10 package. It is available only since 20.04 LTS.
See https://packages.ubuntu.com/focal/gcc-10 for details and make a bookmark for https://packages.ubuntu.com/ to ease package search next time.

If you do not care about package origin, then you can try to install the package from some third-party PPA.


If it is the inbuilt webcam, unscrew the protective frame of the LCD screen (covered by plastic round bumps. Once it's off check for a beige-white connector near the webcam. If it looks like it's kinda out, push it back in again gently with a screw driver.

This affects my dell 1545 also :)


List & rename files that start with dash/hyphen (-)

You can usually use -- to indicate the end of command options. So:

ls -- -*

(with the perl-based rename command) rename -n 's/^-//' -- -*

Remove the -n once you are happy that it is doing the right thing.
See also:

How do I use filenames that start with a dash “-” as command arguments?


How do I integrate my Windows filesystem with Ubuntu?

Prerequisites

You have to have the Windows partition mounted in Ubuntu to make the following work .

Redirecting special folders

An equivalent of special folders (My Documents, My Music, My Pictures, etc) known from Windows folders was defined by the freedesktop.org project. The correspondig configuration file ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs is managed by the xdg-user-dirs-update command.

You could, for example, change the download directory by executing the following command in the terminal:

xdg-user-dirs-update --set DOWNLOAD /mnt/<WINDOWS_PARTITION>/users/<YOU>/Downloads

Another way to achieve the same is to manually replace $HOME/Downloads by /mnt/<WINDOWS_PARTITION>/users/<YOU>/Downloads in the configuration file (e.g. in gedit or nano).

To have the changes take effect run xdg-user-dirs-gtk-update afterwards and additionally xdg-user-dirs-update if you have edited the configuration file by hand.

Redirecting  regular folders

You can also replace folders on your Ubuntu home folder with symbolic links to the folders on your Windows partition e.g.:

ln -s /mnt/<WINDOWS_PARTITION>/users/<YOU>/AppData/Roaming/Mozilla/Firefox/Profiles/<YOUR_PROFILE.default> ~/.mozilla/firefox/<YOUR_PROFILE.default>

That is a very simple solution and it does not work for everything, it might cause issues in some cases. However some people share settings for Firefox and Thunderbird that way.


64-bit Ubuntu seems to think it is 32-bit

Your kernel is 64-bit. That's why you see that x86_64 GNU/Linux in that output of uname.

You might try posting the output of the Linux command line the free command. It shows how much memory the kernel thinks you have and how much is currently free.

I don't know why you would see less memory than you think you have. If you interrupt the boot sequence in the BIOS SETUP program, usually you can see what the basic hardware/firmware thinks you have installed. If that's not 6GB as you believe then maybe you have a bad memory stick or a bad motherboard or CPU?

One other possibility is that your machine may be using a lot of memory for video RAM. This is really unlikely to use that much memory, but maybe?


Ubuntu chroot “No such file or directory”

Well I finally found out that I copied the required libraries on wrong folder, because when I tested chroot for first time I was on a 32bit Ubuntu Machine, while my server is 64bit. So, I copied the required libraries and bin/sh at the proper folders at my directory that I would like to jail and it worked just fine. :D Thanks you all!


You do not have to specify stdout as the output as it is natural. You would want to use a pipe char to pipe the output (stdout) to the tail utility.

You would want do to something like:

printf 'abc\n123\n' | tail -1

This will print 123.


How to remotely control Banshee via SSH?

My guess is you're using DISPLAY to just dump the session to the X server, but what you need to do is pop up the right dbus channel.

This is a bit of a pain, but I have it working (just to show what's going on, this is not a good solution):

This is run locally:

tag@loki:~$ env | grep dbus
DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbusxa7L6dRCEH,guid=f7056d1d174a3f5b7c680b9c0000006c

And when I ssh in:

tag@loki:~$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-xa7L6dRCEH,guid=f7056d1d174a3f5b7c680b9c0000006c
tag@loki:~$ banshee --next

and it works fine :)

Hopefully someone with some dbus know-how can hop in :)


What does "N.B. software" refer to in a /etc/apt/sources.list?

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nota_bene, N.B. in short means "pay attention" or "take notice". Therefore, the comment is telling you you should take note the software in that repository is not supported by Ubuntu.


DELL-PRECISION-7530 with Intel AC9260 Wifi Not working on Ubuntu 16.04.4

Solved:

Issue is solved, as Ubuntu have just update their kernel to version 4.15.
AC9260 required Version 4.14 and above to work.


Deluge Daemon fails to start on Ubuntu 15 systemd error: code=exited, status=203/EXEC

I had this on Debian today. Took me a while, but found that it was due to a broken Setuptools install in Python. Try:

        sudo pip install setuptools --upgrade
        wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py -O - | sudo python


Asus K53S F5 F6 brightness keys not working

I'm still waiting for the proper fix, but for now I use the following script as workaround:

echo "Enter bright value 1-10 (asus k53s)"
read input_var
sudo /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gsd-backlight-helper --set-brightness $input_var

Save it like bright.sh and do a chmod +x bright.sh to give it execute permission. Now execute the file and pick a value from 1 to 10 as required.


Why is Ubuntu repeatedly asking me to upgrade?

Ubuntu have two different release types

Normal releases come out every six months and the next one 13.10 is due out tomorrow.  Normal releases are supported for 9 months
LTS (Long Term Stable) releases come out every two years and are supported for 5 years.  12.04 is the latest LTS release and is supported until April 2017.

The reason for the two different release types is that LTS releases remain stable for a long time so are useful for business and for those users who don't want to keep updating their system.  The Normal releases allow users to try all the latest features so that when the next LTS release comes out everything has been well tested for users who prize stability over new features.

Many people such as myself only use LTS releases for day to day work and don't rush to install the next LTS release.

If you have only recently installed Ubuntu you may want to reinstall 12.04 so you don't have to keep updating.

Run the update manager select Preferences and make sure Notify me of a new Ubuntu version is set to For long-term support versions as shown.

You will then not be notified of a new version until April 2014 and you can choose to update at any time you choose from then until support runs out in 2017.


You can reinstall from the Live CD and not overwrite your data and configurations as long as you choose the correct options during installation. Make sure not to choose anything that says "Format". I think the option is "Erase Ubuntu 13.10 and reinstall".

You may have to re-install applications from the Ubuntu Software Center or sudo apt-get, but it shouldn't be difficult since most of it is free and available.

Also, you can view this answer for backing up your user-data to another folder so you can copy back what you need later: Reinstalling Ubuntu without formating /home, as well as without any old config files?


Permission issues with mounted new hard drive on Ubuntu machine

You have only changed permission of pgdbdata but not of mydata you should be able to do a ls -l /mydata/pgdbdata but if your postgresql user wants to see the content of mydata it has to have read access to that too.


Is possible to install VirtualBox in an Ubuntu Server 14.04?

VirtualBox can be installed on the command line, directly from the Ubuntu repositories. This will install VirtualBox version 4.3.10:

sudo apt-get update

To update your package management system to use the most current packages.
Followed by:

sudo apt-get install virtualbox

To install the main package and its dependencies.

After that I'd recommend getting the VirtualBox guest additions iso, with:

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-additions-iso

The guest additions are required to ensure smooth running of your guest OS, when you build virtual machines.

It is normally necessary to obtain a VirtualBox extension pack to use all of the features of virtualbox, here is the virtualbox old builds download page, the file is located under version 4.3.10 - Extension Packs - All Platforms. Alternatively the direct download link is here.


What is causing my logs to flood with low-speed USB device notices?

Alright, so this took a lot of troubleshooting, and I am not sure how this is possible but it was in fact causing the issue.

I unplugged all of the devices I could think of and the messages were coming yet. I thought guiverc may have been correct regarding a controller failure as the messages kept coming even after all USB devices were removed. This is usually a headless box and RDP wasn't playing nicely with resolution (max 640x480), so I bought an HDMI display emulator.

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B06XT1Z9TF

This device seems to have failed and somehow appeared to the server that it was a monitor which supported CEC. The server was trying to wake up the monitor repeatedly when I was using the system over RDP. I noticed that verbose logging was only happening when I was actively on the server, logs would stop about 5 minutes after I would disconnect.

My solution was to swap out the emulation device and the new one is working perfectly. I was also able to go into the BIOS and turn off CEC support which also fixed the issue, but the resolution over RDP was wonky due to the device failure.


Why do EC2 instances provisioned with Juju no longer include additional storage?

This appears to be the issue.

  "For M3 instances, you must specify instance store volumes in the block device mapping for the instance. When you launch an M3 instance, we ignore any instance store volumes specified in the block device mapping for the AMI."

So, if you were switched to m3 instances from m1 instances by the pricing drop, you may well no longer be getting instance store when our images previously included it:

http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/InstanceStorage.html#Using_AddingDefaultLocalInstanceStorageToAMI

Here are some workarounds:

In Juju 1.20 you will specifically be able to specify m1.xlarge so that Juju doesn't try to be smarter than you (and fail) at giving you the proper instance. We have this in 1.19, however that is the unstable release and might bring some other regressions.
The second option, the one recommended by the Juju Core team, is that you specify the constraints to be more specific so that you get an m1.xlarge. In order to this, we need to find out what specific constraints you are using so that we can determine what to add to your constraints so that you get an m1.xlarge and only an m1.xlarge.

As far as to what Juju-supported mechanism for defining additional storage volumes:

We currently do not handle additional storage volumes, but is very much on the roadmap for this cycle. However there are many use cases for how to do storage volumes and we would like to know how you'd like to see this supported, so if you can post your requirements to the Juju mailing list you can help shape how the feature will be specced out.

Related bugs:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/juju-core/+bug/1280852


Icons on top status/menu bar in gnome not following theme

Log out and then back in.

The new theme hasn't been loaded into Unity. And Unity manages windows borders.

About The rest of the icons on the top bar in the right hand side they are not supplied by the theme you are using.


.htaccess not routing as designed when rewriting dates

In .htaccess files  ^ matches the start of this sub-directory, so you
should not use ^/ in patterns.

Also, your pattern 201[1-9] is not matching 2010.


Why does the cdc_ether driver not working correctly?

This may be a little late for your needs - anyway for what it is worth:

I don't have a complete answer, but have met this issue myself and can provide at least some more information:

I think the USB dongle you're referring to is similar to the Huawei E3372h (currently / until recently the "standard" basic 4G dongle available in the UK in 'O2' and 'EE' stores).    This is a very good dongle, presenting through USB as a 'micro router' - presents (when EE) as 192.168.8.1 and (when O2) 192.168.3.1 - and provides DHCP service to the the device it's plugged into (e.g. under O2 leases it 192.168.3.10).

All of that, ALWAYS works fine for me on both types of dongle variant / cellular service.  BUT - the cdc_ether  driver,   SOMETIMES gives us trouble on some machines (we are makers of Linux-based industrial products) in that it simply fails to instruct the dongle to connect to the cellular network.

Only thing I can tell you for sure is that Lubuntu running 4.4.0-97 Kernel works fine with the dongle, while Ubuntu Server on a slightly older machine running  4.4.0-91,  the cdc_ether  driver fails to connect the dongle to the cellular network (but the IP interface to the dongle works normally).

I've just recently checked driver versions:

On the machine that works fine, I have

/lib/modules/4.4.0-97-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/cdc_ether.ko
CRC (crc32) : ad1f4195

- 24,334 bytes,   19th September 2017

By comparison the one that fails,  is

/lib/modules/4.4.0-91-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/cdc_ether.ko
CRC:  7d3cbf08

- 24334 bytes dated Aug  8 14:59

So not clear what's changed but a younger version (albeit on a different distribution) does work.  I've not bottomed the differences by updating drivers yet - recent issue for us also.

I hope this helps someone.

PS:
To list installed drivers use:

cat /proc/modules

To see ALL available drivers (Kernel modules) and where they are, use:

ls -R /lib/modules/\`uname -r\`/kernel/


5.1 Surround System Subwoofer not working

Okay guys I finally found out the solution on myself!

Realtek did destroy alsa indeed, but because ubuntu 11.10's alsa version was too new for Realtek 's driver!
So now I'm running Ubuntu 10.4 Lucid Lynx (which GUI I like much more than 11.10's Unity...).
I installed the driver after these instructions:

1) get this package

sudo apt-get install build-essential

2）Unpacking

tar xfvj LinuxPkg_5.16rc25.tar.bz2
cd realtek-linux-audiopack-5.16
tar xfvj alsa-driver-1.0.24-5.16rc25.tar.bz2

3）Compiling and installing

cd alsa-driver-1.0.24
sudo ./configure --with-cards=hda-intel
sudo make
sudo make install

4）Reboot

sudo reboot

After that I had to change the Hardware Profile to 5.1 Analog Output + Analog Stereo Input and then my Subwoofer finally worked!!!!!!

But then I created a playlist in VLC and after every track my Subwoofer didn't work again!!! Mysterious...
But I fixed that too ;)
I had to set in /etc/pulse/daemon.conf the line :

enable-lfe-remixing = no

to

enable-lfe-remixing = yes

Besides that I found out there seems to be a mistake in this file!!!! one line says:

; default-sample-channels

you got to remove the semicolon ( ; )  and enter your number of channels so that it looks like this (for my case a 5.1 system):

default-sample-channels=6

After all that trouble I can finally enjoy my 5.1 Sound system on Ubuntu (unfortunately not on the latest version but what should I do ;)  )

I hope I can help someone with the same problem because it was hard work for me to find all that stuff out!


Okay, I tried opening MATLAB and moving a file that was present in the directory (which was being shown by the icon), now the icon is gone.


Reinstall to existing encrypted partitions

The issue is that /etc/crypttab is not set up properly in the new system. You can fix this by booting into a live environment and then mounting your new system to fix it. The following is an overview of what you need to do, but device names will likely need to be changed for your system.

$ sudo -i
# cryptsetup open /dev/sda5 sda5_crypt # For root partition
# cryptsetup open /dev/sda6 sda6_crypt # For home partition
# lvchange -ay  # activates the logical volumes if you use llvm
# mkdir /mnt/ubuntu
# mount /dev/mapper/sda5_crypt /mnt/ubuntu
# mount /dev/mapper/sda6_crypt /mnt/ubuntu/home
# mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/ubuntu/boot
# mount --bind /dev /mnt/ubuntu/dev
# mount --bind /sys /mnt/ubuntu/sys
# mount -t proc none /mnt/ubuntu/proc

Now that the system is mounted you can add /mnt/ubuntu/etc/crypttab. It should look somewhat like this:

sda5_crypt UUID=12345678-9abc-def012345-6789abcdef01 none luks
sda6_crypt UUID=87654321-cba9-543210fed-01fedcba9876 none luks

You can find the UUID with ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid. Note that the UUIDs used should be of the encrypted partitions, not the decrypted partitions.

You should also have a look at /mnt/ubuntu/etc/fstab and make sure the decrypted partitions are referenced by the sdaX_crypt names you assign in /mnt/ubuntu/etc/crypttab. If you decrypted the devices in the OS installer before installing, they might be referenced by some other names than what you assign yourself (e.g. luks-<uuid>). If you fail to do this, you might get an error saying cryptsetup: lvm is not available during boot.

Finally you can chroot into the new system to update the initramfs.

# chroot /mnt/ubuntu /bin/bash
# update-initramfs -u

And then you're ready to reboot into your new system.


Launchpad Debian Builder Internet Issues

Launchpad builders are not permitted to access any external network resources other than the Ubuntu archive and Launchpad itself, partly to ensure that builds are self-contained and reliable and partly so that Launchpad can't be used to launch attacks on other parts of the internet (remembering that anyone at all can upload code and have it built in a sandboxed environment).  You'll have to embed the file in question in your source package rather than downloading it at build time.


While I essentially agree with Geppettvs D'Constanzo's answer, I would suggest that some of the first things you might also try are

Checking that your SATA cable is securely attached and plugged into the sockets on the motherboard and hard drive.
Replacing your SATA cable. SATA cables are (relatively) inexpensive and you do sometimes get a "bad" one. Often simply replacing the cable is the easiest way to diagnose and solve a problem like this.

(Although it is somewhat unexpected that two cables would both be bad at the same time. Still, it's an easy thing to check so in my opinion probably worth doing.)

I just saw you pastbins containing the SMART data for your drives. Notice the unexpectedly large number of CRC errors for drives sdb and sdc. I suggest you start by checking the cables and connections for those drives.

junior@mediacenter:/$ sudo  smartctl -a /dev/sda
...
Model Family:     SAMSUNG SpinPoint M7E (AFT)
Device Model:     SAMSUNG HM321HI
...
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x0036   200   200   000   Old_age  Always -    0

junior@mediacenter:/$ sudo  smartctl -a /dev/sdb
...
Model Family:     SAMSUNG SpinPoint F4 EG (AFT)
Device Model:     SAMSUNG HD204UI
...
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x0036   100   100   000   Old_age  Always  -  57

junior@mediacenter:/$ sudo  smartctl -a /dev/sdc
...
Model Family:     SAMSUNG SpinPoint F4 EG (AFT)
Device Model:     SAMSUNG HD204UI
...
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x0036   100   100   000   Old_age  Always  - 398

OK. So not a latpop then. ;-)
Of course, if this is happening on a laptop than none of the above apply and I'm not sure what advice to offer. Maybe remove and re-install the hard drive? Perhaps it just needs to be re-seated in its socket to improve the connection?

sbd and sdc are connected on the same external e-sata cable (Thermaltake Duo HDD Dock). i'll replace my e-sata cable.

It could be due to a faulty or low quality cable. It could also be that the cable is somehow moved, bumped, or otherwise jostled while the drive is being used.


By using the proprietary intel driver and then running

sudo apt-get update

and

sudo apt-get-upgrade

after enableing the intel driver, i was able to add the repository, but the nvidia-364 driver still threw an error though when i tried to install using

apt-get install

so i ran apt-get update / upgrade again and was able to install nvidia-364.

logged out and was able to log in, loop resolved

update:
double checked that nvidia-364 binary driver was installed and running, full shut down, still no login loop


accessing a samba mapped drive from terminal

If a samba share is connected, you should be able to access it from Terminal simply by navigating to .gvfs/ in your home folder.

Run ls .gvfs/ to see what's in it.


I'm assuming that you're using one of the default kcikstart templates in cobbler.  The password for root and/or an initial user is probably defined in there.  In my preseed I don't create an initial user, but I do define root's password.  The lines that do this are:

d-i     passwd/root-login       boolean true
d-i     passwd/root-password-crypted password "MD5 Hash"

Where "MD5 Hash" is the MD5 hash of your desired password.  You can get a correctly encrypted MD5 string for your password by running:

mkpasswd -H md5 "yourpassword"


Cannot Install anything because of error exit status 2 and error code (1)

You have broken download. Please clean package cache and retry by
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable


The problem is the embedded Color Profile, not the calibration of the monitor (otherwise the second image would show a uniform green, although different from the first one).

In order to avoid these problems, it is a good practice to produce pictures without an embedded color profile, so that then web browsers will use their own color profiles to show them, and this will embed them better in CSS.


Dual booting 12.04 on windows 7, partion i made for ubuntu is not showing up on windows explorer

Windows can't mount Ubuntu's EXT filesystem by default, so what you see is perfectly normal. Windows utilities can see the partition, but they can't interpret the files inside.

Generally, if people want to share files between Windows and Linux colocated on the same disc, they create a third, "neutral" partition in a compatible format: usually FAT. That way, both Linux and Windows can read from the shared space.


How can I let users in a particular group adjust CPU Frequency Scaling?

It appears that there's a typo in your configuration file. To restrict to a Group (or user) you'll need to use Identity rather than AdminIdentities

From the pklocalauthority man page:

   Identity
      A semi-colon separated list of globs to match identities. Each glob should start with unix-user: or unix-group: to specify whether to match on a UNIX user name or a UNIX group name.

Ideally the syntax would be:

[CPU Frequency should be allowed for everyone]
Identity=unix-group:labmembers
Action=org.gnome.cpufreqselector
ResultActive=yes
ResultInactive=yes


What is the normal reason for changing user ID?

Some examples of reasons where someone would need to edit the User ID:

User IDs (UID) can have special meanings on a system. And not every Linux system uses the same groups of UIDs.

Some Linux distributions begin UIDs for non-privileged users at 100. Others, such as Red Hat, begin them at 500, and still others, such Debian, start them at 1000. Because of the differences among distributions, manual intervention can be necessary if multiple distributions are used in a network in an organization.

So a transition from Redhat to Ubuntu where there are UIDs 500 through 999 on the Redhat system need to be changed to 1000+ if they are to act the same as they did on Redhat. Could be done manually from this GUI.
A UID is unique when created normally but it does not have to be. You can change the UID here to match another users UID. Use-case: https://askubuntu.com/a/427257/15811
It is also possible to recycle UIDs (where you edit the UID to match a sequence).
The UID can be used to group users. Just like Ubuntu uses UIDs 1000+ as a group someone could create there own rules and create a group 2000-2999, 3000-3999 and put special meaning to those groups. Yes user a group ID would be smarter/quicker.
Another reason for changing user or group ID is to match them up with another server.


How do I set my computer to restart on crash?

If you mean to reboot when there is a kernel panic, you can edit /etc/default/grub and add the panic=10 parameter which will reboot after 10 seconds of a panic. Add it to the line containing GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=, e.g that line should read:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash panic=10"

You can change that number to the seconds you want to initiate the reboot after the panic. To reboot immediately after a panic add a negative value, e.g. panic=-1. After editing that file run sudo update-grub.

Alternatively you can edit /etc/sysctl.conf and add the

kernel.panic = 10

line there. It has the same meaning.

Also if you want to reboot on oops-es too, you may add the oops=panic kernel parameter in the /etc/default/grub file, so the line will read something like:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash panic=10 oops=panic"

This will trigger a panic on oops-es too and reboot after 10 seconds. (Again don't forget to run sudo update-grub after editing the grub file.


Cannot mount DVD "helper failed with: mount: mount point /media/cdrom/ does not exist"

I noticed that mount points which were previously working no longer exist or work (like /cdrom) after upgrade to 13.10. Your first optical disk drive (short ODD) should be /dev/sr0 and /media/cdrom/, /cdrom, /dev/cdrom, /dev/dvd etc are just symbolic links to the device file mentioned first. However DVDs and CDs should still be mounted with their label as the mount point in /media or /media/$USER.

If something is odd, like the USB ROM storage of a USB modem got assigned as your first ODD, or you just want to customize, you can edit lines or remove all lines after the initial comment in the corresponding udev rule, which can be edited viaowing command from terminal:

sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-cd.rules

Changes apply after reboot, as well as does reconfiguration.


How do I run a Supervisor task from cron.hourly?

I created my-script on Windows, so the shebang was correct, but had a Windows line ending. This will cause a cron script to fail. Recreating the script on Ubuntu (and chmodding it etc) fixed the problem.


What it means
In the line:
HDMI1 connected primary 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 890mm x 500mm

indeed, the last section: 890mm x 500mm gives you the size of your screen x/y in mm
Why the difference?
In this question, we ran into the same issue. The explanation is that by default, the screen is "assumed" to be at 96dpi, which is not necessarily the case. If the screen is on, the value is set form the "real" resolution (pixels/inch), which is obviously slightly different on your screen.
this bug is related to the issue; you would probably get the same difference when getting the screen info via xdpyinfo. Note that the xrandrsize with screen on is the correct size.
Obviously, you cannot change these values.


Nautilus calling stat/file on all directory entries

Nautilus is written in C. I have not found any reference to stat syscall in the source code, so cannot say with 100% certainty that it does or does not use it.

Mime type of files is obtained via nautilus_file_get_mime_type function, which is referenced a lot in multiple files such as nautilus-mime-actions.c , nautilus-properties-window.c , nautilus-window-slots.c and others.

However, i could not find the definition of that function, only assignments:

$ grep -iR 'file_get_mime_type'
nautilus-canvas-view-container.c:   mime_type = nautilus_file_get_mime_type (file);
nautilus-mime-actions.c:    mime_type = nautilus_file_get_mime_type (file);
nautilus-mime-actions.c:    mime_type_a = nautilus_file_get_mime_type (file_a);
nautilus-mime-actions.c:    mime_type_b = nautilus_file_get_mime_type (file_b);
nautilus-mime-actions.c:    mime_type = nautilus_file_get_mime_type (file);
nautilus-mime-actions.c:    char *mime_type = nautilus_file_get_mime_type (parameters->file);
nautilus-mime-actions.c:        mime_type = nautilus_file_get_mime_type (parameters_install->file);
nautilus-mime-actions.c:    mime_type = nautilus_file_get_mime_type (parameters_install->file);
nautilus-mime-actions.c:    mime_type = nautilus_file_get_mime_type (file);
nautilus-properties-window.c:       ret = g_list_append (ret, nautilus_file_get_mime_type (NAUTILUS_FILE (l->data)));
nautilus-properties-window.c:   mime_type = nautilus_file_get_mime_type (file);
nautilus-properties-window.c:   mime_type = nautilus_file_get_mime_type (target_file);
nautilus-window-slot.c:     mimetype = nautilus_file_get_mime_type (file);


How long does it take for a proprietary software to get reviewed to Ubuntu

It is approved in just 5 days. However it varies from app to app. My app only had a small .py file so it took so less time.


How do you see what packages are available for update

As of now (Ubuntu 16.04) you can use apt list with the --upgradable flag;

sudo apt update
apt list --upgradable

and you will get a list with all upgradable packages.


Is it possible to install Firefox 3.0 as well as the default package?

You can download old firefox version here:

ftp://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/firefox/releases/

You can extract it to some dir in your home and run it from there. Please be careful to use a new profile.

You can use:

./firefox -P profilename

or

./firefox -P ProfileManager

to select witch profile you want to use.


Bash script special character and background job bug

Please try the following command, it should start both jobs:

gnome-terminal --tab -e "
sh -c '
 (gedit /media/ubuntuman/Onces\ And\ for\ Al/scripts/faceBook &) ;
 sudo cpulimit -e ubuntu-tweak -l 80;'"

Parentheses denote a subshell in bash. To quote the man page:

   (list) list is executed in a subshell environment (see  COMMAND  EXECU‐
          TION  ENVIRONMENT below).  Variable assignments and builtin com‐
          mands that affect the  shell's  environment  do  not  remain  in
          effect  after  the  command completes.  The return status is the
          exit status of list.


rsync not setting the correct UID and GID on destination files

rsync must run with root privileges on the destination machine.

Option 1: enable SSH login for the root user and then specify root@<IP> to login.

Option 2: use rsync with sudo as decribed in this question.


Every normal software has some kind of "install instructions" - did you read that?

General answer:
Exactly HOW to install depends on how the software developer has chosen to implement that function.

It might be by use of a package installer like apt-get. synaptic, (both are front-ends for ubuntu) rpm (redhat) or a plethora of others, depending on OS.

It might be a specific software developed in any of the programming langauges available

Or it might be a "bash" or "sh" script (a text file with commands) that you run from a Terminal emulator / Shell prompt.

It may also be a few simple bash commands, that does the trick.

Which style it is, makes the installation be very different depending on that.

Specific for ubuntu:
If you can find a Ubuntu specific installation method that involvers apt, apt-get, synaptic, or the Ubuntu software center - prefer that choice, as it normally provides the means to REMOVE the software as easily as it is to install it.


Can not compile anything by fp (Free Pascal IDE) and there is no help

How to use Free Pascal (Lazarus) on Linux (Ubuntu) - no install solution:

If not already installed, install "GNU binutils" (sudo apt-get install binutils)

Dowload the latest version of Free Pascal (Lazarus) .deb package ("fpc-laz_ ... .deb") from the Downloads section of the Lazarus Home page (Lazarus is a professional open-source cross platform IDE powered by Free Pascal):

Place the downloaded .deb package in the folder where you are going to extract it

Extract the downloaded .deb package by Right-Click-ing it and then choosing Extract Here:

Rename the extracted folder, as you desire, for example "fpc"; Further we denote the extracted folder as "<BASEPATH>"

Open the extracted folder and then, extract "data.tar.xz" - as "data" folder

Launch the Free Pascal window by typing the next command in the terminal (this command may vary according to the terminal used - in this case (Ubuntu) it is used gnome-terminal):
gnome-terminal -e '<BASEPATH>/data/usr/bin/fp'
OR:
gnome-terminal -- '<BASEPATH>/data/usr/bin/fp'

To add units folders: From the Free Pascal Menu, access: Options -> Directories -> and drag and drop to the "Units" tab, the next three lines, line by line (each on a new line):
<BASEPATH>/data/usr/lib/fpc/$fpcversion\units\$fpctarget
<BASEPATH>/data/usr/lib/fpc/$fpcversion\units\$fpctarget\*
<BASEPATH>/data/usr/lib/fpc/$fpcversion\units\$fpctarget\rtl
Please note that by moving the files from the <BASEPATH> directory to other "<BASEPATH>", you'll have to update the above three lines so that they contain the new <BASEPATH>, otherwise you might get errors like:
"Fatal: Can't find unit ..."

For Official Installation and Online Documentation see:
Installation
Online Documentation

Regarding adding help files one by one using: Help -> Files -> New:

if the help files are located in a folder that is not moved - for example outside the <BASEPATH> directory - you won't have to readd the help files;

also adding the help files could be done by editing the [Help] section ("Files=...") in the fp.ini file used by the fp binary


How do I get keyboard menu navigation to work under Gnome 3?

You have to enable the option
Edit → Preferences → General → Activate mnemonics

Sorry for the spanish, I couldn't get the terminal in english with LC_ALL=C.


VNC Server does not display application GUI

I would seriously recommend you look for a file in your home directory which logs the X-related errors. Either .xsession-errors or something in the .vnc folder.


I removed Ubuntu from the BIOS menu but it comes back

Boot on a Ubuntu 64-bit disk, choose Try Ubuntu.
Open a terminal and type the following commands:

sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
sudo rm -r /mnt/EFI/ubuntu
sudo efibootmgr

This should display your boot entries, each with a number.
E. g., if your Ubuntu(/Shim) entries are number 0002 and 0003, you can remove them by typing:

sudo efibootmgr -b 2 -B
sudo efibootmgr -b 3 -B


Incremental File Backup With Super Easy End User Restore Interface?

A low tech solution would be to use rsync with the --link-dest option. This can be set up to create incremental snapshots that appear to the user as full copies. The trick is that changed files are copied over, whereas unchanged files are hard-linked to their copy in the previous snapshot.

The script rsnapshot, available in the Ubuntu software center, automates this use of rsync. Then it is a matter of having different mounts on the user's systems, a writable mount used by the timed backup script, and a read only mount readily visible to the users in their home folder. Or you design another way to access the backup, as you suggested, using a browser.


I'm not sure if Wine ever succesfully supported DirectX11, I think it was never finished. More recently, people been using Vulkan reporting even better framerates than using Wine's native DirectX9.
I don't recall the entire installation procedure.
You will need to obtain latest winetricks from github, then
chmod +x /path/winetricks
<optional> sudo ln -s /path/winetricks /usr/bin

And then
WINEPREFIX=~/.wine_test64 WINEARCH=win64 winecfg
< the above will create your initial wine prefix >
WINEPREFIX=~/.wine_test64 WINEARCH=win64 winetricks
< pick "Select Default Wine Prefix" and pick "Install DLL's or Windows components", search for dxvulkan or dvkd3d >
< to avoid having to write all that big command everytime
you can simply rename ~/.wine_test64 to ~/.wine
and then you will be able to type only winetricks when needed.
That's the default location of wine. >

Again, I never used Vulkan, but if I'm not mistaken you will also need to install the i386 versions of your graphics drivers, opengl libraries, vulkan libraries, etc.
Verify which ones you are missing using these commands:
sudo dpkg -l | grep glx
sudo dpkg -l | grep gl1
sudo dpkg -l | grep mesa
sudo dpkg -l | grep vk    < that's an L, not an I, it's for List >


there is a help page on Ubuntu about this:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Multitouch

Try --touch-devices in the command line parameters.

Determine X's input device id in a console by

xinput list

leading to:

google-chrome --touch-devices=10

source:
Chrome + Touchscreen + Unity (14.04)


This flowchart shows how to make a bootable USB for installing Ubuntu and troubleshoot problems booting Ubuntu from it.

Links

How to create a bootable USB stick on Windows
Ubuntu on 32-bit UEFI-based tablet PC
Need help regarding dd command on Ubuntu app for Windows 10

How to make an Ubuntu USB on Ubuntu using Startup Disk Creator
Ubuntu has a built-in application for creating a bootable Ubuntu live USB for installing Ubuntu called Startup Disk Creator. Search the Dash for Startup Disk Creator and click the Startup Disk Creator icon to open the Make Startup Disk window.
The USB flash drive that you use with Startup Disk Creator should be 2GB or larger, and for Ubuntu 18.04 and later it should be 4GB or larger. Startup Disk Creator will automatically format your USB flash drive to FAT32 and make it bootable. If you have only one USB flash drive plugged in to your computer, Startup Disk Creator will select it automatically. Be very careful to select the USB flash drive in the Make Startup Disk window in order to avoid overwriting the partition which Ubuntu is installed on, which may make Ubuntu unbootable. In the screenshot below you can see how the USB flash drive Device is identified by its model name, the same model name that appears under the Drive heading after Model: in the Disks (disk utility) application.

Startup Disk Creator in Ubuntu 16.04
You can also move the Stored in reserved extra space slider back and forth to create some reserved extra space for persistent file storage across reboots. In Ubuntu 16.04 and later Startup Disk Creator no longer has the persistent file storage option.
How to make an Ubuntu Minimal USB using dd
While the minimal iso image is handy, it isn't useful for installing on UEFI-based systems that you want to run in UEFI mode. The mini iso lacks the proper files for booting the computer in UEFI mode. Thus the computer will boot in BIOS compatibility mode, and the installation will be in BIOS mode.

Download the Ubuntu Mini CD iso file for Ubuntu 18.04 and earlier from the link on the Ubuntu Documentation Installation Minimal CD webpage. Download the Ubuntu Mini CD iso file for Ubuntu 20.04 from http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/focal/main/installer-amd64/current/legacy-images/netboot/mini.iso. Download the file called mini.iso to your Downloads folder. You can download the mini.iso file to wherever on your computer that you want, but download it to your Downloads folder so that you can easily run the commands in the following steps without changing anything.

Verify the md5 checksum of the Ubuntu mini CD iso file that you downloaded by running these commands:
cd ~/Downloads/
md5sum 'mini.iso'

If you are using Windows Subsystem for Linux download the Microsoft File Checksum Integrity Verifier tool from the official Microsoft Download Center. The Microsoft File Checksum Integrity Verifier tool is a command line utility that computes MD5 or SHA1 cryptographic hashes for files.

Check that the results of the command match the MD5 checksum of the mini.iso file on the Ubuntu Documentation Installation Minimal CD webpage.

Get a USB flash drive, 1GB or larger. Delete all the files from the USB flash drive. Mount the flash drive using the Disks disk utility.

Check in the Disks disk utility to find out the device name of your USB flash drive. This is very important because if you use the wrong device name in step 6, you will overwrite your whole operating system instead of writing to the USB flash drive. So check the USB flash drive device name twice.  It should be something like /dev/sd* where instead of the * character there is a lower case letter like a, b, c, etc. In the following step I am assuming that the device name is /dev/sdc, but the device name of your USB drive could be something else like /dev/sda or /dev/sdb so check the device name of your USB drive twice and make sure that you get it right in step 6!

Open the terminal or Windows Subsystem for Linux version 2 and run the following commands:
cd ~/Downloads/
sudo -i
dd if='mini.iso' of=/dev/sdc bs=4096  ## make sure that the device name of your USB drive is correct!

The dd if='mini.iso' of=/dev/sdc bs=4096 command should take only a few seconds to complete on most computers because the mini.iso is a small file, less than 60MB. The result of running this command will be a bootable Ubuntu mini USB.

Boot the computer from the Ubuntu mini live USB. The Ubuntu mini live USB should boot successfully and show a menu screen.

If you select the Install option (the complete install, not the cli install) from the menu screen in Step 7, then you can select other options during the Ubuntu installation process to download all the packages that you need to perform a complete Ubuntu installation. Select the Ubuntu desktop package collection from the list of predefined collections of software in the Software selection screen in the Ubuntu mini CD installer. When you restart the system at the end of the installation, you will have a working Ubuntu desktop with the default desktop environment.

How to create a bootable USB stick on OS X/macOS

How do I get my Mac to boot from an Ubuntu USB key?


From the terminal or using Alt + F2 execute the command plasmashell to start the interface.

You may also try reinstalling the desktop environment by running the command sudo apt-get install plasma-desktop --reinstall from the terminal (Konsole in KDE Plasma).

Do respond with the results.


Left "Shift" key mapped to "Next Group" how to undo this

Run this command to fix it:

gsettings reset org.gnome.desktop.input-sources xkb-options


How to install app like nautilus open terminal in Ubuntu 18.10

It seems that old package named nautilus-open-terminal were replaced in 18.04 LTS and in 18.10 to package named nautilus-extension-gnome-terminal.

You can install it with

sudo apt install nautilus-extension-gnome-terminal

And get Open in Terminal option back.


How to monitor all live traffic on linux server?

If you have cpanel/Plesk control panel, you can get an access to the AWstats wherein you can explore the traffic to all your websites. In case, you are using a different control panel, you will need to install AWstats.


Create a bootable usb drive of the Ubuntu 14.04.3 and install it on your system.

Use dd:

sudo dd if=/iso/file.iso of=/dev/sdb

(Make sure you replace sdb with whatever node your usb drive is)

or use Startup Disk Creator to create the bootable USB flash drive.


Why my windowning system is x11 in Ubuntu 20.04?

The Ubuntu developers have labored mightily to bring Wayland onboard, and I've been using Wayland daily since 17.10.
However, there are still a few pain points that simply couldn't be overcome for 20.04 (certain video card manufacturers stand out). Migrating everybody to Wayland in the 20.04 cycle would cause too many folks' systems to break.
You can see a representative sample of the discussion at https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/wayland-for-19-10


Shrinking LVM partition in order to enlarge swap on Ubuntu Mate 18.04

I  made it!

What I did was:

install Ubuntu on a USB disk
run ubuntu without installing it
install KVPM on the live session
Reduced the main disk partition from KVPM (just a few seconds)
Expanded the swap partition from KVPM (just a few seconds again)

Then I rebooted the PC (with my fingers crossed) and I could see the new size of the mail partition but NOT the new - enlarged size of the swap.

What I did then was performing the following:

sudo swapoff /dev/ubuntu-mate-vg/swap_1
sudo mkswap /dev/ubuntu-mate-vg/swap_1
sudo swapon /dev/ubuntu-mate-vg/swap_1

Then the OS could see the whole swapping filesystem.

It wasn't easy so I wanted all of you to know about it.


You cannot move a mounted partition, so you had to unmount /boot, move the partition (which in fact means copying the content tonother place), then remount /boot and reinstall grub. You must not shut down the system during this process or otherwise it could end up unbootable.

To increase the root partition "to the left" is not possible when running the system (which means root partition is mounted). You only can do that from a system running from another partition (or external drive, maybe life disk etc.)

To avoid this, you may create a new partition and filesystem in the empty space, mount that somewhere (say /data) and then eventually create softlinks to increase existing space (e.g., ln -s /data/music ~/music will give you additional room below your home directory).


How do I set up my dual monitors? My config folder does not have monitors.xml in ubuntu 12.04

There's no need to manually edit configuration files for dual monitor in Ubuntu. Just plug in all monitors you want to use and go to System Settings → Screen Display to set everything up to your preference.


How exactly does gnome manage laptop suspend events?

Answered by OP in a comment:

  I worked around my problem by declaring fvwm as my window manager
  from within gnome-session. This is good because gnome still controls
  the power management and gets it all right, but not ideal in that fvwm
  doesn't work perfectly in this environment. I would still like to know
  how gnome is getting the laptop to suspend under lid closure and
  fn-F4 so that I could manage it myself.


How to create own whappapp, and make shortcuts to open it via keyboard?

You can create your own whatsapp app with these instructions:

Type terminal sudo -H gedit /usr/share/applications/whatsapp-webapp.desktop
Copy following text to opened screen

#!/usr/bin/env xdg-open
[Desktop Entry]
Name=WhatsApp
GenericName=WhatsApp
Comment=WhatsApp desktop webapp
#Exec=webapp-container --store-session-cookies --webappUrlPatterns=https?://*.whatsapp.com/* --user-agent-string='Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2228.0 Safari/537.36' https://web.whatsapp.com %u
Exec=/opt/google/chrome/google-chrome --app=https://web.whatsapp.com/
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
MimeType=text/plain;
# If you want icon, type path of icon
# Icon=
Categories=Network;Application;
Keywords=WhatsApp;webapp;
X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=WhatsApp
StartupWMClass=web.whatsapp.com

Open shortcut window, click + the bottom of the window
Set name Whatsapp Chrome
Finally, keyboard shortcuts to open | create

bash -c "wmctrl -xa web.whatsapp.com || /opt/google/chrome/google-chrome --app=https://web.whatsapp.com/"

  wmctrl command used for focus or create app, to install it type sudo apt install wmctrl


Just replace qemu with qemu-system-i386 or qemu-system-x86_64 as appropriate (whether you want a 32-bit or 64-bit system, and which ISO you're using).

You can also use aqemu, which is a graphical (GUI) front-end to qemu.


* Big Warning *

Adding keys manually that haven't been verified can be a security risk!

That said, the content of the key can be found at http://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x082CCEDF94558F59. Let's manually add it.

sudo apt-key add -

This will put you on a new line. Copy and paste the content of the key into your terminal, press enter, and then press CTRL+D.

If you're somehow blocked from the server, the key content is as follows:

-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: SKS 1.1.4
Comment: Hostname: keyserver.ubuntu.com
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=HvND
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

Then do the update and install.

sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install spotify-client -y


In Kubuntu / KDE I can simply right click on the [K] (start) button and then choose "Edit applications". A small application window appears that lets you define new entries in the menu. I bet for Ubuntu there is a simalar way of adding launchers.


How to block some websites in google chrome browser while using ubuntu 14.04?

You could edit the /etc/hosts file, but this will block the website(s) on every browser, not just Chrome.  Look for the following line:

127.0.0.1       localhost

Add a line for every site you want to block.  For example:

127.0.0.1       localhost
127.0.0.1       blockedwebsite.com
127.0.0.1       anotherwebsite.com

Changes should take effect immediately.

Please be cautious when editing the hosts file.  Also, these changes are for IPv4 only.


DHCP server cannot execute script: permission denied exit 32512

Solved!

Running: dmesg | grep dhcp
I noticed a message like this :

  apparmor="DENIED" operation="exec" namespace="root//lxd-dhcp_" profile="/usr/sbin/dhcpd" name="/var/lib/dhcp/bin/myscript.sh" pid=9646 comm="dhcpd" requested_mask="x" denied_mask="x" fsuid=165647 ouid=165536

So, the problem is apparmor that blocks my script.
I modified /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.dhcpd, allowing execution of /usr/sbin/update_DB.sh through adding  /usr/sbin/update_DB.sh r to the file.


Apache2 Web Server only recognized locally, does not work externally

I assume you are trying to access the web server from a machine on the other side of your router since you mentioned that you are port forwarding to the ubuntu server. Is it possible the router has a firewall which is blocking port 80 (http)? Is it possible you have a firewall installed on the Ubuntu server like firestarter that might be blocking port 80? Can you access the page from another machine on your internal network?


Sorry to tell you, you cannot use the Openbox with unity. Unity is an extension of compiz and doesn't use metacity. But if you're okay with losing the launcher and menubar at the top then you could use openbox as its own desktop environment.


I would suggest going to System Settings/Software & Updates/Additional Drivers/Selecting a driver for your video card, assuming this was not done already. I had the same problem after installing Ubuntu and that is how i solved it.


Does Ubuntu SDK include entire Qt toolchain?

The Ubuntu SDK QML page http://developer.ubuntu.com/apps/qml/overview/ gives instruction to install the SDK from https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-sdk-team/+archive/ppa which states:

  This PPA provides Qt 5, Ubuntu UI Toolkit, Qt Creator and more for
  various Ubuntu versions. It also provides some Qt modules that are not
  part of Qt 5 - qtsensors, qt3d, qtlocation, qtfeedback,
  qtconnectivity, qtsystems, qtpim, qtwayland. Those modules are just
  snapshots and prone to any changes, but may be used for testing.

IMHO if a framework/library provides the/some functionality you need and you think it will save development effort without any obvious side effects (maintainability, portability, performance, ease of install on target platforms) then it is logical to use a framework.

Mark Shuttleworth's (pre touch) stance on frameworks http://www.markshuttleworth.com/archives/568  :

  Ease of use, and effective integration, are key values in our user
  experience. We care that the applications we choose are harmonious
  with one another and the system as a whole. Historically, that has
  meant that we’ve given very strong preference to applications written
  using Gtk, because a certain amount of harmony comes by default from
  the use of the same developer toolkit. That said, with OpenOffice and
  Firefox having been there from the start, Gtk is clearly not an
  absolute requirement. What I’m arguing now is that it’s the values
  which are important, and the toolkit is only a means to that end. We
  should evaluate apps on the basis of how well they meet the
  requirement, not prejudice them on the basis of technical choices made
  by the developer.


How to integrate MathType to Microsoft Office 2007 using Wine, winetricks or PlayOnLinux?

One should select Wine-prefix with installed Microsoft Office (2007 in my case) and install MathType here.

Using PlayOnLinux

Install latest version of from PlayOnLinux site

wget https://www.playonlinux.com/script_files/PlayOnLinux/4.3.4/PlayOnLinux_4.3.4.deb
sudo apt install ./PlayOnLinux_4.3.4.deb

Open PlayOnLinux

Click Install, click Install a non-listed program
In Manual Installation wizard select Edit or update an existing application:

Click on Show virtual drives checkbox:

Leave checkboxes unchecked

Select corresponding arch (32 bits in my case)

Browse for MathType setup file and click Next

Optionally create shortcut for Mathtype.exe.

Launch Word 2007 and use MathType as usual.

Using WineTricks

If you have installed MSO with winetricks (to prefix ~/.local/share/wineprefixes/office2007pro) you can install MathType here by the following command:

WINEARCH=win32 WINEPREFIX=~/.local/share/wineprefixes/office2007pro \
wine MathType\ 6.9b.exe

Result:

Notes:

currently I have no solution for MSO 2010 and MathType,
but MSO 2007 and MSO 2013 (with Wine 3.0) works stable.
currently Format Equations and Convert Equations buttons do not work in all MathType version between 6.5 and 6.9, they produce error message ("MathType Error - Too many windows are open"):

or "There was an unknown error updating this equation. This equation was not updated. Do you want to  continue?" -

MathType 7.4 window does not react on mouse clicks and keyboard.


Ubuntu 12.04.1 Server VM doesn't recognize keyboard

I had the same problem. I did these steps to solve it:

1.The VM must be in a "Powered Off" state

2.Select the VM in the VirtualBox GUI

3.Click the "Settings" button

4.Go to the menu item "USB" (in here you can add/delete/edit USB Device Filters)

5.On the right-hand side, click the button "Add Filter From Device" and it will list the connected and detected USB devices

6.Select your keyboard from the list

7.Add another filter for your USB mouse

8.Start your VM.

Hope this works! :-)


Updating, installation dpkg problem in Ubuntu 18.04

Please list the contents of your apt cache by using:

ls -l /var/cache/apt/archives/

This list should contain the list of packages in the cache, including the complete name of the package causing issues. Look for something that contains libsmbclient. Copy the complete file name, including the .deb extension at the end.

Confirm that the file is corrupted by using this formula, with your actual file name:

dpkg --contents /var/cache/apt/archive/<complete name of the libsmbclient file here>.deb

An uncorrupted file will show a listing of directories and files. Anything else means that the file is corrupted. Then you can download the needed file:

sudo apt-get --reinstall --download-only libsmbclient

And carry out the repair using this command (copy as is but substitute full-name-of-your-package.deb with the actual name of your .deb file in /var/cache/apt/archives/:

sudo dpkg -c /var/cache/apt/archives/full-name-of-your-package.deb  | awk '{if ($6 == "./") { print "/."; } \
else if (substr($6, length($6), 1) == "/") \
{print substr($6, 2, length($6) - 2); } \
else { print substr($6, 2, length($6) - 1);}}' > /var/lib/dpkg/info/libsmbclient.list

For more info on how and why this happens, you can look at the original Launchpad bug report or another example of this problem here in AskUbuntu, but affecting a different package name.


Ubuntu 18.04 Extracting files "parsing filters is unsupported"

Found the same question answered here.

Install unrar:
sudo apt-get install unrar

Go to directory of the rar file:
cd ~/example/path

Extract file:
unrar x fileName.rar


16.04 Can't use bluetooth A2DP headphones, pairs but does not connect. Logs inside

It is a known bug. Try rmmod btusb ; modprobe btusb. I have had to do it up to four times.

I have seen this with my Lenovo P50 with Intel 8260 wifi/bluetooth. Sometimes the bluetooth firmware doesn't load correctly at boot. Other times it just doesn't work.


Is it possible to write on whole device before mount?

/dev/sdc1 is a "device file", and represents the first partition of the device /dev/sdc.

It represents the whole partition as a single raw file (i.e. as the sequence of bytes as written in the partition).

This is not something understandable in terms of directories / files without interpreting such sequence as a filesystem.

What you see "out of /dev/" is the mount point of the filesystem stored in /dev/sdc1, and it's a directory hierarchy result of interpreting the raw content of the partition accordingly to such filesystem.

This is needed in order to read / write directories / files; Ubuntu knows how the filesystem works and will be able to handle the partition properly and accordingly to the filesystem in use, in such a way that data can be read / written to it keeping the filesystem consistent.


I think sometime you need to update Ubuntu with Software updater and then only you can further proceed. To do this first you need to connect with wired network and update software updater and then i think you will be able to connect to WiFi.

I am giving this answer based on my experience because few months back i too have installed Ubuntu and i got same problem and i tried this way and then it worked. So try using this way.


It is possible to run a Exe file in RedHat

I'm going to answer this anyway, even though this is off-topic as this is about another Linux distro. Really you ought to ask the question on Unix & Linux - you can use the same StackExchange account.

To run most exe files, you can use Wine. You can install it in most rpm based systems with:

sudo yum list wine*

Then you can click on exe files, and open them with 'Wine Windows Program Loader'.

As for batch files, that is harder, but you may be able to use a Windows like terminal that comes with Wine - you can open that by running:

wineconsole


How to get "smooth scrolling" system-wide?

Although it's a bit old, i found out that gnome 3.4 supports smooth scroll

  You will also see improvements to the building blocks that our applications have been made with. This includes smooth scrolling, refreshed user interface components, a much refined visual theme and application menus.

library.gnome.org/misc/release-notes/3.4/

Does anybody knows how to enable it?


How to run command in to another command?

In this case, you should be able to capture the output of the command using $(command ...) and then loop over the values, e.g.

for i in $(shuf -i 100-999 -n10); do curl "123${i}blabla.html"; done


This was solved by simply downloading the 2.6 release from python.org and installing it along side 2.5 (/usr/lib/python2.6/) and symlinking /usr/bin/python to python2.6. A few modules were reported missing during the build process but ignoring them didn't seem to break anything (that i needed, anyway).


How to overcome the `connect failed` exception with mongodb?

Actually I had several problems. The first being that there was insufficient place for the journal files. The second being that I had installed something between the official repo and the official mongodb repo. It is fixed now.


How to play a sound after a command has finished its execution?

You can combine your command with a command that plays sounds. For example paplay:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade; paplay /usr/share/sounds/ubuntu/stereo/message.ogg

Furthermore, if you want to play a sound if the command was successfully completed and another sound in case of an error, you can use something like:

command && paplay $(locate dialog-information.ogg) || paplay $(locate dialog-error.ogg)


Increase linux-swap partition for hibernation

You can make use of gparted to increase the size of swap partition from the current 15GB to 30 GB. You can release some space from /home  - make around 15 GB from that and add into your swap. Make sure you are backing up your important data while doing that. Moreover whatever changes you are trying to do make sure that the partition is unmounted.
Here is how you can do that:

Make sure that /dev/sda9 is unmounted. If a lock icon is visible,
right click on it and choose for Unmount
Make sure that the swap partition /dev/sda10 is unmounted. Right
click on it and choose for Swapoff
Select /dev/sda9 and choose for Resize. Use the free space on the
left side
Select /dev/sda10 and resize it on the right side Apply the changes
and you're done.

Note : I will say one thing at a time...first release space from /dev/sda9  write the changes. Then add the released space from previous step to /dev/sda10


Problem setting VIM as standard text editor

Nemo is not able to directly open a command line programme in the foreground. Therefore, the trick is to instruct Nemo to open a new terminal window and pass vim as an argument.

Open a Nemo window and right click on a .tex file. Then select Open With... and Other Application...; in the window that shows up type the following in the Enter a custom command... box:

gnome-terminal -x vim

And click Add to list. It should then look like this:

Then click OK. Now double click on the .tex file, a new terminal should pop up running vim editing the file.


Detect: USB 3.0 Type C / USB 3.1 type C "gen1" / USB 3.1 type C "gen2"

I didn't find an answer (if you have one, I'll mark it correct).  I bought a solution by trying the new 5900 version of the chip and a different manufacturer: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B074ZJ143Q


Ubuntu is a South African ethical ideology focusing on people's
  allegiances and relations with each other. The word comes from the
  Zulu and Xhosa languages. Ubuntu is seen as a traditional African
  concept, is regarded as one of the founding principles of the new
  republic of South Africa and is connected to the idea of an African
  Renaissance.

Source: https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/about-ubuntu/C/about-ubuntu-name.html

Also this is the release naming scheme: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DevelopmentCodeNames


How to kill program in focus using a custom keyboard shortcut

If you're looking for Cmd-Q functionality, that's akin to Alt-F4 which sends the window close event. Other programs have their own shortcuts to activate a full 'quit' event. (e.x. Ctrl-Shift-Q in Chrome)

If you want to kill the current program in focus, we can set that up using a keyboard shortcut.

There's a similar question on SuperUser: https://superuser.com/questions/757160/kill-the-currently-active-window-with-a-keyboard-shortcut

From Kamil's answer: xdotool getwindowfocus windowkill will kill the current active window.

You can learn about setting these shortcuts in the official Ubuntu docs: https://help.ubuntu.com/stable/ubuntu-help/keyboard-shortcuts-set.html


Since archive.ubuntu.com does not support HTTPS, is there any alternative server that does?

mirrors.kernel.org is an official Ubuntu archive mirror, and supports https.

I have the following in my sources.list:

deb https://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu saucy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu saucy main restricted universe multiverse

(Technically, mirrors.kernel.org is not on the official list, though mirrors.us.kernel.org and its siblings are.  However, mirrors.us.kernel.org supports https but returns a certificate for the host mirrors.kernel.org which apt-get rejects.  mirrors.kernel.org is clearly the same site, though it may not be your closest host.)

As pointed out, https is not necessary for authenticating the files downloaded, and is not very effective at hiding which files you download.  My interest is because at my site, http downloads are much slower than https for some reason, even from the same remote host.  I don't know why; maybe we have a transparent proxy that is slow or trying to scan for viruses or some such nonsense.


Unable to remove 'Unmet dependencies' in ubuntu precise

I was able to fix the issue through Aptitude. It is cool and seems lot more powerful. It automatically downgraded some packages, removed a lot of them and installed few and fixed the dependencies.
Thanks to Zacharee1 for providing this tip.
I would highly recommend aptitude to manage packages especially when dpkg or apt-get fail.


How do I enable my Bluetooth adapter on Dell Inspiron N4030?

Make sure that the hardware switch is on.

To activate your Bluetooth, you will need to hold down the FN key, and then tap the F2 key once. This should activate the Bluetooth.

Also, Press the F2 key when you power on the system. This should take you to the Bios Screen. Under the Advanced Tab select wireless, and make sure that the bluetooth is set to enabled.


Is "install alongside windows" the same as Wubi?

It is a real dual boot ;) you need to free up a partition and if you want to use swap, then you need to create a swap partition too ;)


You have to use the server's address, and not localhost on the client. You can find the server's internal IP address by running

hostname -I

If there is more than one IP address, try all of them.


Welcome to AskUbuntu Thierry,
Geary can use a couple of different dictionary sources and hunspell is generally the best one for people who use non-English languages. If you haven’t done so already, you can install hunspell like this:
sudo apt install hunspell hunspell-fr

This will install the dictionary as well as the main French dictionary. From there you can restart Geary. French should then appear n the available languages list.
Hope this answers your question


Can not install Ubuntu on Samsung Ultrabook Series 5 (Win 7!)

I had the same problem. It seems theres some strangeness going on.  The way I managed it eventually was.. to wipe windows. Then install Ubuntu .. from external flash disk, (not from an external hard drive)

You need to umount the cdrom before attempting install once in live. Then partition your drive and make sure grub is set to the right device, then install.

If you have configured all the right hard drive partitions, it should install ok.  Then.. once you try to login, it may give you the 'GRUB' error.. which only lists the memtest..

I think this may have happened because I tried mulitiple installs, there are two ways to fix this .. one .. which I did not bother with because of slow internet in my country.. was to download a grub fix iso for ubuntu.. the second was to .. 'repair' the installation.. with a fresh ubuntu install.. which took a while ...

Then  it booted into the glorious Ubuntu logon screen (startup takes like 5 seconds or less) very beautiful slick unity interface which I have gotten used to.  The only prob is that it munches battery fast.. and not all the battery features are there. (some battery issues).

Also, alsa works better with progs like skype for sound (otherwise scratchy) need to configure SSD. In your case you may be able to do a side by side with windows.


Brightness doesn't work on an Acer Aspire 4750

Try the following and see if it will enable the brightness after a reboot:
Edit the file etc/X11/xorg.conf and add the line Option "RegistryDwords" "EnableBrightnessControl=1" to the Screen section.

E.g.

Section "Screen"
    Identifier     "Screen0"
    Device         "Device0"
    Monitor        "Monitor0"
    DefaultDepth    24
    Option         "RegistryDwords" "EnableBrightnessControl=1"
    Option         "NoLogo" "True"
    SubSection     "Display"
        Depth       24
    EndSubSection
EndSection


How to install Ubuntu 16.04 on Atom D2500 Netbook?

Neither Try Ubuntu or install would work. Ubuntu does not access D2500's graphic processor at all. You simply cannot use the installer to install Ubuntu whatsoever.

Perhaps there is a way to install Ubuntu through command line interface somehow, but it is beyond me. Stick with Windows 7 32bit, it seems to be the only OS D2500 supports fully.


How to consult FAT32 cluster size on Ubuntu

Simply use the ll command and the size of directories will be your block size (cluster size in Windows speak):

$ ll /
total 40972
drwxr-xr-x  25 root root     4096 Apr  8 16:30 ./
drwxr-xr-x  25 root root     4096 Apr  8 16:30 ../
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root     4096 Mar 31 16:44 bin/
drwxr-xr-x   4 root root     4096 Apr  8 16:32 boot/
drwxrwxr-x   2 root root     4096 Aug  2  2018 cdrom/

My block size is 4,096 (4K) which is normal for an ext4 Linux file system. In your case it will be 64K and even a file of 1 byte will take 64K bytes on disk.


Installing packages and drivers from a flash drive on Ubuntu 18.04

You can download Ubuntu packages from:
packages.ubuntu.com
and install them with dpkg.
If you get a error message telling you to first install dependencies then you can download them and install them as well. If you have a server with Internet access that has the same version of Ubuntu and the same software as the offline server, you can run apt-get on that server to see what dependencies are needed without actually installing the software.
If you have downloaded drivers, you should read the README files to see how to install the drivers manually.


Why are there guest-6lDH45Lx groups in /etc/group?

As the names suggests, these are the group counterparts for temporary guest account that lightdm has created. They are supposed to get cleaned up and removed after the session is done with but I could see that in a power-failure (for example) these could hang around. It might also be this bug.

Assuming nobody is logged in as a guest, you can almost certainly delete these lines (and /etc/passwd counterparts) safely. There may also be temporary home directories lagging behind too.

You can also disable the "guest session" functionality if you wish.


Which is the timezone of the Ubuntu official distribution sites?

In brief

The timezone of http://releases.ubuntu.com is: GMT+1.  You can verify it by calculating the difference from the http and the ftp protocol of the download site.

The release process

Following the release process steps,  the whole release is build on an internal server, the iso are created and updated to the cdimage server, synced with the mirrors (at present 130), and the info on the various official sites updated.

Such a complex procedure cannot prescind from a timestamp synchronization.  So it should be enough to infer the info from the download server.

(Moreover the production machine seems to belong to the same owner and seems to exit on internet in the same physical node of the distribution servers.)

The http protocol listing shows:

Icon  Name                    Last modified      Size  Description
[DIR] 12.04.5/                2017-05-17 00:42    -   Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS (Precise Pangolin)
[DIR] 12.04/                  2017-05-17 00:42    -   Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS (Precise Pangolin)
[DIR] 14.04.5/                2017-02-16 22:30    -   Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS (Trusty Tahr)
[DIR] 14.04/                  2017-02-16 22:30    -   Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS (Trusty Tahr)
[DIR] 16.04.4/                2018-03-01 19:58    -   Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS (Xenial Xerus)
[DIR] 16.04/                  2018-03-01 19:58    -   Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS (Xenial Xerus)
[DIR] 17.10.1/                2018-01-12 05:38    -   Ubuntu 17.10 (Artful Aardvark)
[DIR] 17.10/                  2018-01-12 05:38    -   Ubuntu 17.10 (Artful Aardvark)
[DIR] 18.04/                  2018-04-06 02:17    -   Ubuntu 18.04 (Bionic Beaver)
[DIR] artful/                 2018-01-12 05:38    -   Ubuntu 17.10 (Artful Aardvark)
[DIR] bionic/                 2018-04-06 02:17    -   Ubuntu 18.04 (Bionic Beaver)
[DIR] precise/                2017-05-17 00:42    -   Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS (Precise Pangolin)
[DIR] trusty/                 2017-02-16 22:30    -   Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS (Trusty Tahr)
[DIR] ubuntu-core/            2016-11-03 15:30    -
[DIR] xenial/                 2018-03-01 19:58    -   Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS (Xenial Xerus)

The ftp protocol listing shows:

Index of /releases/
[parent directory]
Name        Size        Date Modified
12.04       0 B         2/29/12, 7:00:00 PM
12.04.5     0 B         8/6/14, 8:00:00 PM
14.04       0 B         3/26/14, 8:00:00 PM
14.04.5     0 B         8/3/16, 8:00:00 PM
16.04       0 B         2/15/17, 7:00:00 PM
16.04.4     0 B         3/1/18, 2:54:00 PM
17.10       0 B         10/18/17, 8:00:00 PM
17.10.1     0 B         1/12/18, 12:36:00 AM
18.04       0 B         4/5/18, 10:15:00 PM
FOOTER.html 22 B        1/31/06, 7:00:00 PM
HEADER.html 2.4 kB      4/6/18, 5:28:00 AM
artful/                 1/12/18,12:38:00 AM
bionic/                 4/26/18,5:00:00 PM
cdicons/                9/20/12, 8:00:00 PM
favicon.ico 1.1 kB      6/15/11, 8:00:00 PM
include/                2/7/18, 4:40:00 PM
precise/                5/16/17, 8:00:00 PM
releases                0 B 7/30/07, 8:00:00 PM
robots.txt  49 B        10/28/09, 8:00:00 PM
trusty/                 2/15/17, 7:00:00 PM
ubuntu-core/            11/2/16, 8:00:00 PM
xenial/                 3/1/18, 2:58:00 PM

The HTTP protocol shows a difference is exactly 6 hours, which matches the timezone between where I leave in US/New York and the timezone of the UK.

Check with:

http://releases.ubuntu.com/releases

versus

ftp://releases.ubuntu.com/releases

This calculate the timezone to GMT+1

From my recollection, it has usually been after 12:00PM.

Here is a thread from the official Ubuntu Site:

1 Day Left to Ubuntu Release (But in which time zone ?)

The thread isn't new, but there appears to be a lot of consistency with my recollection.  I only download the LTS versions on their release date.

I read the whole thread the other day.  There were some references to a timezone of the Canonical.  I just tried to look for the reference in the thread, but couldn't find it for a have hour.

A view of the thread might give some perspective of time reference.

A very important component to consider (also included in the link) is:

ReleaseCandidateProcess

Pay particular attention to the last few hours of activity.


Problem accessing external Ubuntu encrypted disc from Mint

So I continue researching and found this post https://askubuntu.com/a/161457/573024 which granted me access to my data after all.

More detailed:: I try to open the encrypted disc with proper password and then it gives me cannot mount it and the disc is dissapeared.
I go to terminal and type vgchange -a y and disc is accessible.

I'm copying data to an external disk and data is accessible.


How can I create a bootable USB stick for windows 8 on Ubuntu 14.10?

You can create a bootable usb stick of windows 8 using Winusb. It offers a simple GUI for creating the bootable usb stick.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:colingille/freshlight
sudo sh -c "sed -i 's/utopic/saucy/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/colingille-freshlight-utopic.list"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install winusb


Can I submit an application started one year ago to the Ubuntu App Showdown?

No, you are only allowed to submit applications that you started to work on the day or after the Ubuntu App Showdown started.

Rule 1.

  Novelty: all submissions must be new open source applications, created either as an individual (the Participant) or in a team. The application must contain exclusively original code and the Participant must be the original author of the content.

You can find the full list here Showdown Rules


In the sentence "ls -Ral /bin > TalhaA452.txt"

This command list directory contents of bin folder and put contents in a file called TalhaA452.txt

According to man ls, the switches do:

-R, --recursive

list subdirectories recursively

-a, --all

do not ignore entries starting with .

-l

use a long listing format


Some keyboard keys in Lenovo Ideapad 320E-15IKB D not working after Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS installation

You can try reconfigure your keyboard defaults and select your right model of keyboard:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration


Wine Applications Uninstalled still appear

sudo apt-get install alacarte

Once installed, alt-F2 and type alacarte to launch, scroll down to "wine" on the left hand side, click on the program you want to remove and click "delete".

Log out and back in again, and those icons should have gone.

Hope that helps..


user directory/public_html not working after upgrading to ubuntu 16.04

You should be able to re-enable PHP in user directories by commenting out the last few lines of /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/php7.0.conf, as recommended at http://devplant.net/2010/05/04/linux-php-not-working-in-userdir-public_html/.


What are the default permissions for /root?

drwx------   4 root     root      4096 okt 29 20:00 root

Files in /root/:

drwx------  4 root root 4096 okt 29 20:00 .
drwxr-xr-x 23 root root 4096 okt 25 22:34 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 3106 okt 28  2012 .bashrc
drwx------  4 root root 4096 okt 29 20:00 .config
drwx------  3 root root 4096 okt 29 20:00 .dbus
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  140 okt 28  2012 .profile


Manipulating a continuously changing command output stream

Another answer might provide a better way:

How can I view a progress bar when running rsync?

rsync has a --info option that can be used to not only output the current progress, but also the transfer rate and elapsed time:

--info=FLAGS            fine-grained informational verbosity

The explanation of how to use it comes under the -P option in the man page:

-P     The -P option is equivalent to --partial --progress.  Its purpose is to
       make it much easier to specify these two options for a long transfer that
       may be interrupted.

       There is also a --info=progress2 option that outputs statistics based on
       the whole transfer, rather than individual files.  Use this flag
       without  out‐putting  a  filename  (e.g. avoid -v or specify --info=name0)
       if you want to see how the transfer is doing without scrolling the screen
       with  a  lot  of names.   (You  don’t  need  to specify the --progress
       option in order to use --info=progress2.)

So trying using:

rsync -zvh --info=progress2 --info=name0 ubuntu-19.10-desktop-amd64.iso /home/lnxusr/Downloads/

Notes:

This gives the progress of the entire transfer, not for individual filenames.
I do not have your source file nor target directory to test on my system.


Restore permission default of /usr folder

Almost everything in /usr is owned by root:root

I run find /usr -not -gid 0 -printf "%M\t%u\t%g\t%p\n" here using 15.04 and the output is

-r-xr-sr-x  root    postdrop    /usr/sbin/postqueue
-rwsr-xr--  root    dip /usr/sbin/pppd
-r-xr-sr-x  root    postdrop    /usr/sbin/postdrop
drwxrwsr-t  root    lpadmin /usr/share/ppd/custom
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/xml
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/xml/declaration
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/xml/entities
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/xml/schema
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/xml/misc
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/emacs
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/sgml
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/sgml/declaration
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/sgml/entities
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/sgml/dtd
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/sgml/stylesheet
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/sgml/misc
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/ca-certificates
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/share/fonts
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/lib/python3.4
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/lib/python2.7
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
drwxrwsr-x  root    staff   /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
drwxr-xr-x  root    utempter    /usr/lib/utempter
-rwxr-sr-x  root    utmp    /usr/lib/utempter/utempter
-rwxr-sr-x  root    mail    /usr/lib/evolution/camel-lock-helper-1.2
-rwsr-xr--  root    messagebus  /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper
-rwxr-sr-x  root    utmp    /usr/lib/libvte-2.91-0/gnome-pty-helper
-rwxr-sr-x  root    crontab /usr/bin/crontab
-rwxr-sr-x  root    tty /usr/bin/wall
-rwxr-sr-x  root    tty /usr/bin/bsd-write
-rwxr-sr-x  root    shadow  /usr/bin/chage
-rwxr-sr-x  root    shadow  /usr/bin/expiry
-rwxr-sr-x  root    mail    /usr/bin/mail-unlock
-rwxr-sr-x  root    mlocate /usr/bin/mlocate
-rwxr-sr-x  root    mail    /usr/bin/dotlockfile
-rwxr-sr-x  root    mail    /usr/bin/mail-touchlock
-rwxr-sr-x  root    mail    /usr/bin/mail-lock
-rwxr-sr-x  root    ssh /usr/bin/ssh-agent
-rwsr-sr-x  daemon  daemon  /usr/bin/at

and given the output, I don't see what you might have wrong to get what you describe. May be the dbus stuff...

But you can nonetheless manually chown the above file to try to get your ubuntu back.

you might not have the same files or I may miss some of your files, so even if you manually chown the files above, you're not entirely finished with it.


Error adding YafRay addon to blender 2.69

I installed Blender 2.69 via ppa and it caused a lot of problems.

So, I downloaded the latest version of Blender and installed it manually.

Now It works very well and YafRay's error is solved.


Snaps stopped opening on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS

I'm having a similar issue, which seems to have started after a software update.

snap version:

snap    2.33.1+18.04ubuntu2
snapd   2.33.1+18.04ubuntu2
series  16
ubuntu  18.04
kernel  4.15.0-24-generic

snap list

Name                 Version                 Rev   Tracking  Developer           Notes
communitheme         0.1                     614   stable    didrocks        -
core                 16-2.33.1               4917  stable    canonical       core
hugo                 0.44                    2205  stable    hugo-authors    -
keepassxc            2.3.3                   38    stable    keepassxreboot  -
qownnotes            18.07.4                 1038  stable    pbek            -
spotify              1.0.80.474.gef6b503e-7  16    stable    spotify         -
ubuntu-mate-welcome  17.10.23-e4f4c4c        169   stable    flexiondotorg   classic

systemctl status snapd.service

● snapd.service - Snappy daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/snapd.service; enabled; vendor preset: en
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2018-07-21 10:23:47 ACST; 7h ago
 Main PID: 840 (snapd)
    Tasks: 25 (limit: 4915)
   CGroup: /system.slice/snapd.service
           └─840 /usr/lib/snapd/snapd

Jul 21 10:38:53 dark-horse snapd[840]: 2018/07/21 10:38:53.913415 storehelpers.g
Jul 21 10:38:53 dark-horse snapd[840]: snap "hugo": snap has no updates availabl
Jul 21 10:38:53 dark-horse snapd[840]: snap "ubuntu-mate-welcome": snap has no u
Jul 21 10:38:53 dark-horse snapd[840]: snap "spotify": snap has no updates avail
Jul 21 10:38:53 dark-horse snapd[840]: snap "qownnotes": snap has no updates ava
Jul 21 10:38:53 dark-horse snapd[840]: snap "core": snap has no updates availabl
Jul 21 10:38:53 dark-horse snapd[840]: snap "keepassxc": snap has no updates ava
Jul 21 10:38:53 dark-horse snapd[840]: 2018/07/21 10:38:53.915637 autorefresh.go
Jul 21 17:17:58 dark-horse snapd[840]: 2018/07/21 17:17:58.423179 api.go:1045: I
Jul 21 17:18:12 dark-horse snapd[840]: 2018/07/21 17:18:12.996129 api.go:1045: I
lines 1-18/18 (END)

It seems to be a permissions issue. If I run an affected application from the command line:

steven@dark-horse:~$ qownnotes
/snap/qownnotes/1038/bin/desktop-launch: line 23: /home/steven/.config/user-dirs.dirs: Permission denied
Fatal: QXcbConnection: Could not connect to display :0 ((null):0, (null))
Aborted (core dumped)
steven@dark-horse:~$

steven@dark-horse:~$ keepassxc
/snap/keepassxc/38/bin/desktop-launch: line 23: /home/steven/.config/user-dirs.dirs: Permission denied
QXcbConnection: Could not connect to display :0
Aborted
steven@dark-horse:~$

steven@dark-horse:~$ spotify
Gtk-Message: Failed to load module "gail"
Gtk-Message: Failed to load module "atk-bridge"

(spotify:27512): Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display: :0
steven@dark-horse:~$

ubuntu-mate-welcome (a classic snap) works as normal.

Reverting the affected snaps got them working again...

sudo snap revert qownnotes

...and the snaps continued to work after refreshing the snaps again.

sudo snap refresh qownnotes


Unable to install Canon PIXMA MG2520 printer in Ubuntu 12.04 (32 bit)

The Canon Europe website has Linux drivers for the MG2500 series here.  Scroll down for the .deb versions.

(I linked to the 32 bit version, if yours is 64 bit just use the dropdown box menu to change it).

Once you have downloaded the cnjifilter....deb.tar.gz file, open your file manager and locate the file. Right-click it and select "Extract Here".  When this process finishes, you will have folder with the same name as the file you downloaded except it will end in "deb".  Doubleclick that folder to open it.

Inside the folder will be two folders and a file called install.sh.  Right-click the file and select Properties.  Click on the Permissions tab in the window that opens.  If the box labeled Execute is not ticked, tick it.  Then select Close in this window.

Now open a terminal window by typing Cntrl-Alt-T simultaneously.  Then type

cd ~/Downloads/cnijfilter-mg2500series-4.00-1-deb/

(if the folder name is different, substitute what your folder is called)

Now type

sudo ./install.sh

A prompt will appear and ask for your password.  When you type it in, you will not see any feedback, not even the cursor moving.  Press enter after typing your password.

Now the install script will start.  I cannot run it on my computer so I do not know exactly what it will ask, but hopefully it will be intuitive.

Let me know in the comments if you encounter any difficulties with this.


How to have a terminal mirrored onto a second screen in a two-monitor setup?

One elegant way is to use tmux for this task: sudo apt install tmux. Here is an example:

Create a session called my_session (remove -d to attach during the creation):

tmux new-session -d -s my_session

Open one or more new terminal windows and attach to the same session:

tmux attach -t my_session

To detach from a session type:

tmux detach

Or press Ctrl+b, then release Ctrl and press d.
To send a command to the session without attaching to it:

tmux send-keys -t my_session "echo Hello World!" ENTER  Enter
Note the exit command, executed from inside, will close the session.


How to Set ubuntu Auto power on off everday

you can change your setting of your BIOS to set your PC power off in specific time or you can use some application.
these two link will help you:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron

http://gnome-schedule.sourceforge.net/

sorry for my poor English


It seems you have changed the application theme to Arc, but not the shell theme.

Open Tweaks and choose Arc as the shell theme in the Appearance section.


Headphones and Speakers are not detected separately in [Ubuntu 18.04]?

Both my speakers and my headphones were playing sound at the same time and I just fixed that issue using the answers by WinEunuuchs2Unix and notorious.dds. You may want to read those posts for more complete info.

The below instruction will separate Line Out and Headphones (mine is actually a headset with mic) in the Ubuntu 18.04 Sound Settings (Volume Settings). You can swap the output device using by clicking on it in Sound Settings and individually set the volume for each.

Note that this fix may be overridden by pulseaudio software updates, in which case you may have to repeat the process below.

Determine your ALSA output file

Disconnect your headphones and select your speakers as the output in Sound Settings.
Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and type pactl list | grep 'Active Port.*output.*'. Note the active port. Mine was analog-output-lineout so I will use analog-output-lineout.conf as my ALSA speaker output file in the below instructions.
Connect your headphones and select them as the output in Sound Settings.
Type pactl list | grep 'Active Port.*output.*' again and note the active port. Mine was analog-output-headphones so I will use analog-output-headphones.conf as my ALSA microphone output file the below instructions.

Edit ALSA output file for the speakers

Change to ALSA mixer path files directory by typing cd /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/
Backup the speaker output file by typing sudo cp ./analog-output-lineout.conf analog-output-lineout.conf.bak
Edit that file by typing gedit admin:///usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/analog-output-lineout.conf
Find the [Jack Headphone] or [Jack Front Headphone] line, depending on where your headphone jack is located and it should look something like this:

[Jack Headphone]
state.plugged = no
state.unplugged = unknown

Change state.plugged = no to state.plugged =  yes to tell pulseaudio that headphones are always plugged in.
Add this to code to the end of the file (but before any .include lines) to create a volume slider for the speakers. Then save and close the editor afterwards.

[Element Line Out]
switch = mute
volume = merge

Edit ALSA output file for the headphones

Backup the Headphone output file by typing sudo cp ./analog-output-headphones.conf analog-output-headphones.conf.bak
Edit that file by typing gedit admin:///usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/analog-output-headphones.conf
Add this to code to the end of the file (but before any .include lines) to mute the speakers when headphones are selected.  Then save and close the editor afterwards.

[Element Line Out]
switch = off
volume = off

Skip this step on the first try and complete the steps below. If the speaker sound does not turn off when the headphones are selected, it may be because the sound is being redirected through the Front element. Find the [Element Front] line and modify it as this:

[Element Front]
switch = off
volume = off

Edit Auto-Mute is disabled in alsamixer

Type alsamixer
If needed, use F6 to find the correct soundcard for the speakers.
Using the arrow keys to find Auto-Mute and disabled ysing the down-arrow
Press Esc to close alsamixer and
Save changes with alsactl store

Restart Pulseaudit

Type pulseaudio -k && pulseaudio --start

You should now see separate options for speakers and headphones in sound settings.


How to install Pear Linux's shell in Ubuntu?

It's another Linux distribution entirely, even if it's based on Ubuntu you have no idea what they've changed and what's different from the Ubuntu version you are running now. The way I see it, you have two options:

Try and find a theme that emulates that screenshot. It looks to me like nothing more than a theme and a dock, and you can add that yourself without too much hassle. There's plenty of guides around on how to make your Ubuntu look different.
Remove Ubuntu and install that distribution instead. As I said, it's another distribution entirely. If their only contribution is changing the theme, I'd be suspicious to begin with as that doesn't seem very serious.

I'd highly recommend modding your current Ubuntu variant and stay away from Pear Linux, but if you want to try it you should try it as a clean install (or in a VM).


I'm making a few assumptions here...  I suspect your second code paste was meant to be identical to your first - just without the sudo.  Which is why you got the "must be run as root" error.  I also suspect your first code block didn't return anything because it got stuck at an interactive sudo password prompt.

I don't know anything about php or mininet, but when I see your snippet above, I wonder if the user account running the script has the ability to sudo without password.  For example, if your script was running as "myuser", then you would need something like this in the /etc/sudoers file:

myuser ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

Without "NOPASSWD", your service gets stuck waiting for myuser's password at a sudo attempt.  Since the service can't handle an interactive prompt, it dies and you get nothing returned.

standard warning:  sudo without need for password is dangerous.  Using it to run arbitrary commands based on user input from a web page is crazy bad unless you are in a contained sandbox environment.


Wireless connection dropped after trying to ssh connection

Problem was caused by Networkmanager or Wicd after uninstallation everything is ok.


I see the following mentioned to get BF running:

You need playonlinux 4.2+, wine 1.5.26, mono 2.10 (not 3.0).
Visual C++ 2008; you install that with "winetricks"
Enable GLSL from display settings (intel only?).

But 1 thing that might be a problem:

BF uses Punkbuster. From the comments and the petition:

  We're sorry, but Wine and other compatibility layers are not supported. Punkbuster uses advanced and rare Windows functions, which are subject of change quite often. Unfortunately these programs are not in such a end state of development that it will be able to support all of Punkbuster's functions.

This might help in getting BF running but this talks about punkbuster not working and you need it to run BF.

I would advice to not use WINE and install virtualbox and a Windows in it. That way you can install Windows software and the Windows version of BF. That will work and will work a lot smoother.