To stop the service:

sudo service vsftpd stop

To remove the service

sudo apt-get remove vsftpd


What is the difference between an installed scope, before and after the first reboot?

I still don't know the difference, but my problem is solved by reïnstalling the ubuntu-sdk. Strange because I used a fresh install.


Remove keyboard indicator in Gnomebuntu 13.10

[System Settings] -> [Text Entry]
Then un-check the box 'Show current input source in the menu bar' at the bottom left of the options page.


Securing shared memory in Ubuntu (Linode VPS) renders it useless. Doesn't boot up

Replace /dev/shm with /run/shm.

For details, see:

http://www.thefanclub.co.za/how-to/how-secure-ubuntu-1204-lts-server-part-1-basics

and

Secure shared memory


background image for when I enter encryption password

OS: Ubuntu 19.10

Ok.. I have Cleared my SSD and done it from scratch to see if it works?

the background color/ look is from the Plymouth theme.. so you need to install the Plymouth theme that fits you.

There are lot if you google.. for example: https://www.gnome-look.org/browse/cat/108/page/8/ord/latest/

For testing purpose I used this Plymouth theme.. https://www.gnome-look.org/p/1294920/

a short video of the result.. https://imgur.com/VZNlQcE

NOTE: Be careful with the compatibility of the Plymouth theme you are going to use.

Here are the steps..

Download the theme.
copy it to /usr/share/plymouth/themes/ # here "mint-galaxy" is the directory in my case.

Install the theme with the below..

Command:

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/share/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth default.plymouth /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-galaxy/mint-galaxy.plymouth 9999

Select the theme with the below..

Command:

sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth

Choose the number belongs to the theme we want.. type the number and press enter..

Example:

pratap@i7-4770:~$ sudo update-alternatives --config default.plymouth
[sudo] password for pratap:
There are 2 choices for the alternative default.plymouth (providing /usr/share/plymouth/themes/default.plymouth).

  Selection    Path                                                         Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-galaxy/mint-galaxy.plymouth   100       auto mode
* 1            /usr/share/plymouth/themes/mint-galaxy/mint-galaxy.plymouth   100       manual mode
  2            /usr/share/plymouth/themes/ubuntu-logo/ubuntu-logo.plymouth   100       manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number:
pratap@i7-4770:~$

update the initramfs with the below..

Command:

sudo update-initramfs -u

Here at step 5 we will notice Information to set the RESUME Variable.. until we set this variable update-initramfs -u command will not get success..

So how to make the RESUME variable?

note down the info from step 5 which gives you the path..

to know the UUID of that path.. run sudo blkid

example:

pratap@i7-4770:~$ sudo blkid
[sudo] password for pratap:
/dev/mapper/sda3_crypt: UUID="ugg6wW-5d3T-7iMb-vKep-lzLJ-Jyfw-pCPMDH" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/mapper/vgubuntu-swap_1: UUID="5a53e741-abcf-464e-866f-3d32c231ed7a" TYPE="swap"
/dev/mapper/vgubuntu-root: UUID="2e51d644-c62c-4fb1-98b0-f451cc6d7191" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda3: UUID="af10b57f-1188-4129-be36-d8c1471827c7" TYPE="crypto_LUKS" PARTUUID="4d0e01c9-d3e7-4c33-8f90-ba8d3b14b5ec"
/dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop1: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop2: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop3: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop4: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop5: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop6: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/sda1: UUID="CDA8-B894" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI System Partition" PARTUUID="e6148d22-a32e-4c0e-b8b8-3f4dc6842059"
/dev/sda2: UUID="b05c41d5-ef6c-43a6-ace4-ac76123c643c" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="6563ffaa-2855-4682-8d37-17b6702923e9"
pratap@i7-4770:~$

the line required in my case is

/dev/mapper/vgubuntu-swap_1: UUID="5a53e741-abcf-464e-866f-3d32c231ed7a" TYPE="swap"

now create a text file named  resume with below content and place it in /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/ # Your UUID will be different. Change it in below.

Content:

RESUME=UUID=5a53e741-abcf-464e-866f-3d32c231ed7a

now run sudo update-initramfs -u and this time this command should run successfully with out any Information/ errors.
Reboot to see the Plymouth theme.

Images of Peter-Rabbit Plymouth Theme..


Xubuntu 15.04 internet connection problems

Your wl wireless driver has blacklisted your ethernet driver due to a bug in Broadcom installation script.

You can get your Ethernet working by

 sudo modprobe b44

Yo make it permanent you need to run

sudo sed -i -e '/blacklist b44/d' -e '$ c install wl modprobe -r b43 b43legacy ssb; modprobe --ignore-install wl' /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-bcm43.conf


Wireless Driver for ubuntu 12.10 32 bit on Dell inspiron 5520

You should use the 64bit ubuntu version and here is a 64bit driver for your wireless http://jas.gemnetworks.com/debian/pool/main/w/wireless-bcm43142/wireless-bcm43142-dkms_6.20.55.19-1_amd64.deb


login incorrect - fresh 12.04 server install

In the end, I unplugged all drives except the target for the install and it works.


Dependencies | not able to install from Ubuntu Software Center | Ubuntu 14.04

Open System Settings -> Software and Updates -> Ubuntu Software tab -> Download from -> Other -> Select best server -> choose the best server
and update your system once you have selected the best server


The DVDs are slow and old type of media you should use USB flash stick to install ubuntu, in your case the error is because of some broken files in DVD due to some burning problmes . All you have to do is to burn ubuntu.iso image into your empty usb stick and that's it you can try ubuntu without installing and can also install ubuntu into your system 4 times faster than DVD drives. To Burn iso file in usb you will need a software named pendrivelinux , you can get more details here or here


laptop screen goes blank after waking from sleep

I has this issue on my X200. Workaround for me was:

Turn off screen lock in the "Brightness and Lock" settings.

The only problem is that it wakes without a password, which isn't too big of a deal for me.


Configuring a VNC Desktop: Upgrading GUI from classic gnome desktop to newest gnome desktop

One solution was using Xfce4, I installed the packages for the desktop environment and built a simple xstartups file which just initiates the desktop.

Here are the instructions:
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-and-configure-vnc-on-ubuntu-16-04

I was really looking to have this setup type but with the Official Ubuntu Gnome Desktop


SMB1 has not been disabled in Ubuntu 17.04. If it had other Linux machines would not be able to connect to it - at least not by default. They ( Samba itself not Ubuntu ) are thinking about disabling it but they are not there yet: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/samba/+bug/1697817

Maybe Samba V5: https://lists.samba.org/archive/samba-technical/2017-June/121169.html


Why there are so little snaps in Ubuntu core? Did it stop developing?

Oh heavens no, it's being heavily developed and used!

Note that snap find only returns a few snaps when given no argument, otherwise the results would be impossible to parse. You can snap find specific things though. For example:

$ snap find kyrofa
Name                   Version     Developer  Notes   Summary
duckdns-kyrofa         0.1         kyrofa     -       Keep your DuckDNS records up-to-date
ros2-example-kyrofa    0.1         kyrofa     -       ROS2 Example
pc-turtlebot-kyrofa    16.04-0.8   kyrofa     gadget  AMD64 gadget for the Turtlebot 2
turtlebot-demo-kyrofa  0.2         kyrofa     -       Turtlebot ROS Demo
darktable-kyrofa       2.2.5snap2  kyrofa     -       Virtual lighttable and darkroom for photographers

As popey notes in the comments, search results are returned depending on the architecture of your host. If you're running amd64, snap find will only return amd64 snaps, etc. Some developers only release snaps for amd64, and those won't be found on a Raspberry Pi, for example.


How to remove all the files inside the directory at AWS instance launch?

From Amazon's Cloud Service website:

The following example shows how to specify a script using a text file. Be sure to use the file:// prefix to specify the file.

aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-abcd1234 --count 1 --instance-type m3.medium \
--key-name my-key-pair --subnet-id subnet-abcd1234 --security-group-ids sg-abcd1234 \
--user-data file://my_script.txt

The following is an example text file with a shell script.

#!/bin/bash
rm -rf /var/www/example


How can i see that bumblebee has disabled nvidia?

I think this is what you're looking for (run at a command line):

$ optirun --status

If the discrete card is disabled, it will show X inactive. Discrete video card is off.. If it's enabled, it will show something like X is PID 24432, 1 applications using bumblebeed..

Or, if you're using KDE, you can add the widget "Bumblebee Indicatior" (sic) [1]. It shows an icon that's either black or yellow depending on the video card status.

[1] http://kde-apps.org/content/show.php/Bumblebee+Indicatior?content=154575


Can't install package found on packages.ubuntu.com

Oops, turns out it's a source package, not a binary package, installed it by downloading tarball and manually building/installing it.


Videos Do Not Play in Ubuntu/Kubuntu/Mint 16.04 VM

This may be a workable temp fix.  Go back to VB 5.0.x.  No flash or HTML5 content would play on one of my hosts' VMs but it worked perfectly on another's.  Turns out it was working on the machine running virtualbox 5.0.26 whereas the other always froze at 0:00 when running under 5.1.8.  Both are on Win10 host OSes.

I went both directions to confirm it. I upgraded the 5.0.26 to 5.1.8 and ran the same VM, installing the newer guest additions and software updates: all flash and HTML5 failed to run.  The other machine I uninstalled virtualbox, reinstalled with 5.0.28, loaded the existing VM with guest additions and software updates, and flash/HTML5 worked perfectly.

Both VMs had the same version of flashplayer (11.2.x.644) and no settings were changed so the problem is something related to how 5.1.x works with kubuntu.


how to install mysqlclient lib as required by diesel

As the error message noted "library not found for -lmysqlclient"
As you probably observed, installing mysql doesn't solve. To resolve it, install libmysqlclient-dev:
sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev

For others encountering a similar issue executing "cargo install diesel_cli", you may also want to add:
sudo apt install libpq-dev
sudo apt install libmariadbclient-dev-compat
sudo apt install libsqlite3-dev


ubuntu-device-flash can't find BQ Aquaris 4.5

unplug device
plug device in
dmesg
you will see info about manufacturer and device_id in the last few lines

To enter the bootloader hold power and volume + buttons untill the light under speaker flashes then release power and choose [Fastboot Mode] in the menu then you will be able to install OS


Possible duplicate of How do I remove/disable the Chrome/Chromium notification-center system indicator?

Shortly, try this.

Open the URL chrome://flags in the browser.

Now disable these flags:

#enable-sync-synced-notifications
#enable-google-now
#device-discovery-notifications
#enable-experimental-notification-ui (Chrome/Chromium 34 only)

Click the restart button at the bottom of the site.

Source: https://askubuntu.com/a/474048/178596


How to create a user with root privileges in bash?

Haven't tried it but this should create a new user and add them to the sudo group, which if your /etc/sudoers is as default, should mean they're allowed to use sudo with their password (just like the standard first user):

sudo adduser --group sudo newusername

If you've already created the user, you can just run:

sudo adduser existing_user sudo

man adduser will show you some of the other billion permutations and combinations of arguments this tool has.

Note: If you use Ubuntu 11.10 or older, you should use the admin group instead of sudo.


Unable to mount smb share. "Please select another viewer and try again"

I had this problem too and I'll bet yours is the same.

It only happened with some shares.  I had guest ok = Yes, but the permissions only allowed the owner to list the directory contents.

For example:

[documents]
    path = /home/ghodmode/Documents
    read only = No
    guest ok = Yes

... and ...

ghodmode@server ~ % ls -dl /home/ghodmode/Documents/
drwxr--r-- 12 ghodmode ghodmode 4096 Dec 14 03:32 /home/ghodmode/Documents/

The result was exactly the error message you described.  This tells me that nautilus will access shares on a server as a guest user when it can even if it has already accessed other shares as a logged in user.

The default guest user is "nobody".

The solution for me was to change the permissions.  I suspect that setting guest ok = No would also work.


Unable to uninstall Chromium from Ubuntu

The app name is wrong. It is chromium-browser

sudo apt remove chromium-browser --purge


Overheating problem with HP Pavilion G6 2231tx

Download the proprietry drivers available for intel. Search for additional drivers and install the suggested one. Also you can download the driver from intel website.


Chromium app closes after executing the bash script by double click

I can't answer your question to fit with your exact code, however I can recommend a few things.

First, make sure to make the script executable by cding to its location and running chmod +x ./scriptname.sh. This will sort of solve your double click issue; you cannot make it executable by a double click but this way you can execute it with Alt-F2. Just put it in your home folder and run ./scriptname.sh.

As for why it quits: I'm not totally sure but it seems like you have an overload of commands in there. nohup, disown and & all do different things, as explained here, but you may not want to do all of them and they may be conflicting somehow. I would recommend removing the last & at the very least.

The thing is, nohup and disown make your process ignore a SIGHUP, which you may need to use in the event of a hang, especially given it's Chrome. In this case, just run the command without nohup or disown, and just one & at the end. This will keep your process as-is except your terminal window is free to do other actions, including close.

Another thing you could try is making this script open its own terminal window. This is written as follows:

gnome-terminal -e /usr/bin/chromium-browser (et cetera)

Hope this helps.


How to run a custom set of programs in a specific workspace?

I don't think that there's such a function for the standard window manager.

But Devil's Pie can do what you want.

http://burtonini.com/blog/computers/devilspie/

Quote from Devil's Pie website: "Devil's Pie can be configured to detect windows as they are created, and match the window to a set of rules. If the window matches the rules, it can perform a series of actions on that window. For example, I can make all windows created by X-Chat appear on all workspaces, and the main Gkrellm1 window does not appear in the pager or task list."

I hope this helped you,

Daniel


How to disable "Select Audio Device" pop-up on Ubuntu 18.04

If you are using GNOME, this can be fixed using the Remove Audio Device Selection Dialog extension.


Can I use elementary's workspace switcher in Ubuntu?

I can answer one of your questions

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:elementary-os/daily
  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get install gala
  gala --repĺace

That will install gala the elementary window manager.


Bash Script to rename or remove punctuation (? !) & string in filenames of files, subdirectories and directories recursively in Ubuntu 16.04

Instead of using a for loop you could use find with -execdir:
$ find -depth -mindepth 1 -type f,d -execdir \
  rename 's/((Sub)?Folder|Food|List|[_,!?])//g' {} \;

If I would elaborate on the comment, rename does not make any distinction between files and directories which makes it exponentially more difficult (to preserve the .ext). In this case, I believe it's better to split the process into two steps and process files and directories separately.
$ find -mindepth 1 -depth \
   \( -type f -execdir rename 's/(List|Food|[[:punct:]])(?![^.]*$)//g' {} \; \) \
-o \( -type d -execdir rename 's/((Sub)?Folder|Food|[[:punct:]])//g' {} \; \)

The two command does basically the same thing except for the second one can handle dots.


Blinking cursor after checking /dev/sda2 on boot

I have self answered my question by reinstalling Ubuntu. There might be answers in the Unix and Linux Stack Exchange.


Happens to me occasionally too. Not sure what causes it but I just fire off:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

And that seems to fix it (for me)


Can i install the ubuntu phone os in oracle virtualbox

Unfortunatly you cannot... Ubuntu Touch is an mobile OS designed for Tablets and Smartphones ( I don't know why only Nexus's are compatible for now )...
But, you can wait until it would have more compatibility to other systems, and install it in any of your devices (compatible with Ubuntu Touch of course)...


How can I access network statistics (like bandwith/data usage) in logs for the past 2 weeks?

Firstly, let me dissect your analysis.

  "they [The ISPs] claim I am getting good speed"...

What they claim is based on your up/down speed you pay for and their tests from their equipment to your modem in all likelihood.  Their test is likely right - the speed at your modem is okay - but the issue might lie behind that, such as your router not operating efficiently or something.  It could also be your computer isn't functioning as it should be or has something running that eats your system resources.

  ... "when in fact I am not"

Basis for analysis?  Have you removed your router from the equation and hooked your internet right up to your computer over the ethernet connection?  If you have and you're still getting crap speeds, next thing to check is your computer. And run the same test via another computer if you can.

Also, your internet service providers are not required to guarantee you your advertised speeds.  I have a 105 Mbps downspeed connection from Comcast here, and I get about 85 Mbps on an average day, likely due to data usage and congestion on the line from the other Comcast users in the area all on at once.

Now onto your issues.  I don't know of any log system that actually logs by-the-minute network connection speeds, because it's likely that they don't exist.  Such logs would be on a network level at your router, if anywhere, or would overload your computer.

I use vnstat to get at-a-glance data in/out statistics, such as daily / monthly usage, however that won't help you get your per-upload, per-download, and total bandwidth speeds.  What you'd be seeking there is something such as speedtest.net's speed testing tool, which I would recommend you run on the internet connection itself, without a router present and the computer hooked right in.

Again, though, your ISP may advertise one speed, but that's never a guaranteed speed.

ntop is also a possible alternative to use, it runs as a system daemon and you can access a web-based interface to see pretty graphics and statistics.  However, it might not be the statistics you are fully after.


Optimal owner / permission settings for a website directory running on apache

The biggest thing I've learned is to not give Apache write access to anything you do not need to write too, for example cache, user, or download directories that you can upload stuff to.

So take ownership of everything with something like sudo chown user:user on the website directory and give the o other bit the permissions needed... .

Replace user:user with a user and group you would like.

On the directories you can use a command like:

sudo chmod o+rx /var/www/'directory' #make directory read and executable for other
sudo chmod o-wx /var/www/'directory'/'files' #remove write and execute from files
sudo chmod o+r  /var/www/'directory'/'files' #add read to files

You can also use a find command that is a little advanced but makes the job a little easier, something like (after having owned the files with):

chown user:user /var/www/ -R # this is only an example..

directories

find /var/www/ -type d -exec sudo chmod o+rx {} \;

files

find /var/www/ -type f -exec sudo chmod o-wx {} \;
find /var/www/ -type f -exec sudo chmod o+r {} \;

I tried to be as descriptive as possible. I can explain more if needed.
This talks about permissions about half way down:

http://www.linuxforums.org/forum/servers/5270-apache-conf-html-permissions.html


how to install flex and bison: error can not locate file

If your distribution is Ubuntu Lucid.

Test this:

Open a terminal,Press Ctrl+Alt+T

Run it:

sudo -i
nano /etc/apt/sources.list

In the open file, delete the content and paste this:

## Uncomment the following two lines to fetch updated software from the network
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid main restricted
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid main restricted

## Uncomment the following two lines to fetch major bug fix updates produced
## after the final release of the distribution.
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-updates main restricted
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-updates main restricted

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'universe'
## repository.
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## universe WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu security
## team.
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid universe
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid universe

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security universe
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security universe

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid multiverse
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid multiverse

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse

Ctrl + O, save file. Ctrl + X, close nano.

Continue run in a terminal:

sudo -i
apt-get update
apt-get dist-upgrade
apt-get install flex bison
apt-get clean

If your distribution is not Ubuntu Lucid, change Lucid to appropriate name.

If none of this works

Download packages (Lucid):

http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/b/bison/bison_2.4.1.dfsg-3_i386.deb (32 bit)
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/b/bison/bison_2.4.1.dfsg-3_amd64.deb (64 bit)
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/f/flex/flex_2.5.35-9_i386.deb (32 bit)
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/f/flex/flex_2.5.35-9_amd64.deb (64 bit)

And install them with:

sudo -i
cd /home/user/Downloads
dpkg -i *.deb


Maybe your problem isn't software related, but hardware.

You could run the memtest on Ubuntu install media, LiveCD or USB install, to check for problems in your memory modules.

Glad i could help you Mark Aroni.


Is my encrypted home folder open to other users when I am logged in?

If you enable Ubuntu's Home Directory Encryption, your $HOME directory will have permissions 700 (rwx------) when its mounted, and permissions 500 (r-x------) when it's not mounted.  This meaning that you are the only non-root user who will be able to read/write/browse your home directory when its mounted.  And when it's not mounted, you'll be able to read/browse, but not modify the contents of your home directory.  This is intended to prevent you from inadvertently writing unencrypted data to your home directory.

This is in contrast to the default Ubuntu Home Directory permissions, which are 755 (rwxr-xr-x).  That permission allows any local user on the system to read and browse your home directory.  This default was chosen for Ubuntu long, long ago in the interest of "sharing" and "openness".

These are called Discretionary Access Controls (DAC), and come from the earliest days of UNIX itself.

The root user (perhaps via sudo as you mentioned above), is privileged in a way that allows them access to any file or directory, regardless of the DAC permissions in place.  That means that yes, while your home directory is mounted, the root user is able to browse your home directory.

However, when your home directory is not mounted, the root user would need your login passphrase (or, more specifically, your randomly generated mount passphrase) in order to mount and decrypt your data.

In general, the encrypted filesystem that we use (eCryptfs) is intended to protect your data at rest on the hard drive, rather than protect you from your own root user.

Full disclosure: I am the author of Ubuntu's Encrypted Home Directory feature, and the current maintainer of eCryptfs.


Why is the installer not showing any partitions?

This symptom is usually caused by one of two problems:

Leftover software RAID data -- If the disk had been (or is being) used with software RAID, leftover RAID data can confuse the Ubuntu installer. You can usually fix this problem by typing sudo dmraid -E -r /dev/sda; however, you should be very sure that you're not currently using software RAID. If you erase RAID data when the system is actually using RAID, the result can be problems accessing your disk at all.
A damaged partition table -- The libparted library (upon which the Ubuntu installer relies) is extremely sensitive to partition table problems. If any exist, it usually reports the disk as being empty. My FixParts program (part of the gdisk package in Ubuntu) will correct many of these problems in an automatic or semi-automatic mannger; see its Web page for details. Other problems may require more specialized and manual repairs. If you think this is the source of the problem and if FixParts can't fix it or if you're wary of using FixParts, post the output of sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda. (Add four spaces to the beginning of each line of that output to preserve columnar output.)


About your first question:

Bumblebee switches to use the Geforce card only if you manually tell it to do so. Start programs that you want to run with the Geforce card with: optirun program

You can test it with glxspheres vs. optirun glxspheres.
See here.

It worked for me with Asus N76VM and Ubuntu 12.10. There also seems to be a user interface currently being developed for bumblebee that lets you configure which programs automatically start with the graphics card.


Close access to folder1, but open access to folder1/folder2

To be able to traverse a directory, the directory needs +x (execute permission). To be able to list the content of a directory, the directory needs +r (read permission).

[/tmp]$ mkdir -p foo/bar
[/tmp]$ chmod 111 foo
[/tmp]$ cd foo
[/tmp/foo]$ ls
ls: cannot open directory '.': Permission denied
[/tmp/foo]$ cd bar
[/tmp/foo/bar]$

1 is octal permission for execute (+x), but no other permission, for owner, group and other. On /users you probably want 711, as root is owner (and has full control), but execute only for others. Thus, I'm able to change into a subdirectory, but unable to list the content of the directory.

As others have execute, anyone will be able to change into a subdirectory, provided they know the name of it.

You may also want to look into for instance SELinux or Apparmour, which can limit permissions in a more granular and flexible way than simple file permissions.

In short:

The execute bit allows users to enter a directory, and access files and directories inside it.
The read bit allows users to list the content of a directory.
The write bit allows users to create files and directories inside it.
The sticky bit only allows owner (or root) to modify a file or directory inside it.

This article provides some informations on how file system permissions work on Linux (and other Unices).


You can use something more powerful like kill -9.
First find out PID number like so:
pgrep openconnect
12345

After that, kill the process with: sudo kill -9 12345.


Opening two applications with single click?

Add an & at the end of each command:

eclipse &
firefox http://localhost/wp3.5.2/ http://localhost/wp2/ &

& launches the command and the execution continues at next line.


I found out by clicking around. For some reason AWN was acting fidgety and would only move when I put my mouse on the absolute edge of the bar. Typically, you only have to hold down the mouse button, once you have clicked it, and drag it where you want it.


What is the best way to restrict access to adult content?

One easy and great way of doing it is going straight to the source and use DNS filtering for that purpose.
Let's face it, you cannot protect your children all the time from all the internet risks, but using some sort of filtering you can at least force it in your home.
One of the advantages of filtering using DNS is that even if you have a smart ass kid that knows he can bypass blocking software installed in his system using the Ubuntu LiveCD, DNS usage can be enforced in the system that use DHCP via your router.
Have a look at a DNS parental control option like OpenDSN Family Shield or Cloudflare 1.1.1.1 for Familiesfor an example on how a DNS filter would work for your computers at home. Many other DNS servers will allow you to do it, OpenDNS is just one that I use normally.
Set up an account, make the changes in your router to use the DNS servers from OpenDNS, activate parental filtering and no matter what OS your kids are using that obtain an IP via the router will be blocked from accessing issue sites.
Of course if your kids are smart enough and know how to spoof that it will be easy for them to bypass it, that again, as said before, you won't be able to protect your children all the time from all the dangers the internet presents.


No such file or directory when I try to cd to a directory with two words in the name

You can change to the directory with space by putting \ before the space which in your case is chrome\ download. You can use tab completion for same.


I believe that your device uses the Qu- and Quz-series of firmware blobs, not the 9000- or 9260-series; reference: https://bugs.launchpad.net/hwe-next/+bug/1833065 at comment #4. I believe that the later linux-firmware version 1.183 contains the referenced 48.xx versions. Please install it:

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.183_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux*.deb

Reboot and show us:

dmesg | grep iwl

EDIT: The referenced bug report further suggests that the bug is fixed in the package linux-oem-osp1.
Please install it:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install linux-oem-osp1

Several dependencies will also be installed.

Reboot and show us a new:

dmesg | grep iwl


No launch button on newly installed application

Not all Ubuntu applications have graphical interface. Some of them are supposed to be used with command-line interface (CLI) in terminal.

CLI applications do not create graphical shortcuts aka "launch buttons".


Installing Ubuntu from flash drive but error says it can't find the CD-ROM

Turns out there was some error in the .iso file. I re-downloaded, checked the md5 sum, and the install went smoothly.


Open a terminal and type

sudo apt-get remove nixnote


How to autostart and resume any download in Bittorrent as soon as system starts?

Add transmission-gtk -m & on the end of your ~/.profile file. This will start Transmission on the start up and the -m stands for minimized. Transmission should continue where he left off after he starts.


How to read a veracrypt encrypted drive on a Ubuntu VM?

I eventually figured it out. When mounting the drive Veracrypt needed the admin password from the machine it was originally created on, not the admin password of the machine I was trying to mount it on.


Per the documentation:
http://wiki.qemu.org/download/qemu-doc.html#host_005fdrives

You should just be able to do

  -hda /dev/sdX

But, since this is Windows, you basically just took your hard drive out of your computer and inserted it into another. So it'll go and have to find new hardware etc. You might seriously mess up your Windows disk in the process. This probably isn't a great idea... I suggest you create a snapshot of the Windows disk and use that instead.

You should also use bus=virtio for those other block devices, much faster.


Ubuntu 18.04 server - missing installation candidates while installing mysql-server 8

This package(https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic/libmecab2
) is in universe repository

Add deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic universe
to your sources.list and run apt update to resolve it

or type these command in a terminal

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libmecab2


Why does Empathy say my connection is untrusted?

They let their SSL certificate lapse, while funny, not really a big deal with facebook. If it were say your bank you should back off. This was quite in the news but happened. No worries though. As you can see here it is not the first time they let it happen http://www.liewcf.com/facebook-ssl-certificate-6695/


The folder contains sockets used by programs to communicate with ssh-agent:

From the man page:

$TMPDIR/ssh-XXXXXXXXXX/agent.< ppid >
    UNIX-domain sockets used to contain the connection to the
    authentication agent.  These sockets should only be readable by
    the owner.  The sockets should get automatically removed when the
    agent exits.


Sickbeard and Sabnzbdplus won't start at boot

Finally we found that sickbeard start at boot, but fails.

In /var/log/boot.log we can see this error:

Starting SickBeard
/usr/bin/python: can't open file 'SickBeard.py': [Errno 2] No such file or directory

and looking at sickbeard init script:

APP_PATH=${SB_HOME-/opt/sickbeard}

for some reason we do not know, when sickbeard start, /opt is not ready.

As workaround, starting sickbeard later during boot sequence seems fix the issue.

To accomplish this, take a look at /etc/rcX.d folder and remove Sxxsickbeard and Kxxsickbeard files. These are symbolic links to /etc/init.d/sickbeard script.

This script are executed during system boot following the alphabetical order, so using update-rc.d it is possible choose 'when' service start/stop, for example:

   update-rc.d sickbeard start 99 2 3 4 5 . stop 01 0 1 6 .

This will assign S99 (the last possible) for start during system boot and K01 (the first possible) for stop during shutdown or reboot.

In this case, looking at your runlevel, I suggest this configuration:

   update-rc.d sickbeard start 06 2 3 4 5 . stop 01 0 1 6 .


You are doing printf "%.0f" "$(( 50.335 ))" and $(( )) just accepts integers.

Just say:

$ var="50.335"
$ printf "%.0f\n" "$var"
50

From man bash:

  Arithmetic Expansion

  Arithmetic expansion allows the evaluation of an arithmetic expression
  and the substitution of the  result. The  format for arithmetic
  expansion is:

$((expression))

  The  expression  is  treated as if it were within double quotes, but a
  double quote inside the parentheses is not treated specially.  All
  tokens in the expression undergo parameter  and  variable  expansion,
  command substitution, and  quote removal. The result is treated as the
  arithmetic expression to be evaluated.  Arithmetic expansions may be
  nested.

  The  evaluation  is performed according to the rules listed below
  under ARITHMETIC EVALUATION.  If expression is invalid, bash prints a
  message indicating failure and no substitution occurs.

And then:

  ARITHMETIC EVALUATION

  The shell allows arithmetic expressions to be evaluated, under certain
  circumstances (...). Evaluation is done in fixed-width integers
  with no check for overflow, though division by 0 is trapped and
  flagged as an error.

Note you can also use Shell parameter expansion to remove everything from the dot .:

$ var="50.335"
$ echo ${var%\.*}
50


You can install some other switcher using ccsm, by now I think that there is not much that you can change with unity default switcher, except some small theming options. I tried to find switcher options in theme (I tested Adwaita and Radiance), but no success. I couldn't find css attributes to change.


Ubuntu 14.04 mouse touchpad isn't responding

Try turning off and on your touchpad from the settings.
Try this command as well: gconftool-2 --set --type boolean /desktop/gnome/peripherals/touchpad/touchpad_enabled true

EDIT: According to sgx1's answer (Touchpad disabled and cursor invisible with touchscreen laptop on 13.10)  , there are three options:
Option "TouchpadOff"
    0 Touchpad is enabled
    1 Touchpad is switched off
    2 Only tapping and scrolling is switched off

Using xinput:
The following script does not need SHMConfig to be enabled - it works on out-of-the-box Ubuntu. It does not need any of the steps above to be performed. Works without superuser rights.

export xinput list | grep -i touchpad | awk '{ print $6 }'
TOUCH_ENABLED=xinput list-props $id | grep Device\ Enabled | awk '{ print $4 }'
if [ $TOUCH_ENABLED = 0 ]; then
        xinput set-prop $id "Device Enabled" 1
elif [ $TOUCH_ENABLED = 1 ]; then
        xinput set-prop $id "Device Enabled" 0
else
        echo "Could not get touchpad status from xinput"
        exit 1
fi
exit 0

Xinput command to change touchpad value: xinput set-prop 12 "Device Enabled" 1

Synclient command: synclient touchpadoff=0 -- this rarely works

If you disabled the touchpad using another operating system, the only solution is turning the touchpad back on from the second operating system.

Another solution is adding a line to this file:
cd /usr/local/bin

gksudo gedit tpoff (Add this to the file: synclient touchpadoff=0)

My last suggestion is that you check the xorg configutation file by issuing the following command: gksudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Look for the following section of code:

Section "InputDevice"
        Identifier      "Synaptics Touchpad"
        Driver          "synaptics"
        Option          "SendCoreEvents"        "true"
        Option          "Device"                "/dev/psaux"
        Option          "Protocol"              "auto-dev"
        Option          "HorizScrollDelta"      "0"
EndSection


How to start tomcat7 when catalina.sh does not work?

When you install tomcat7, you have nothing to type to start it. It starts up automatically. Notice in install log:

$ sudo apt-get install tomcat7
...
Creating config file /etc/logrotate.d/tomcat7 with new version
 * Starting Tomcat servlet engine tomcat7                                [ OK ]
Setting up authbind (2.1.1) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead ...

So, to test it, you have to write in browser http://localhost:8080. And you will see the page:

  It works !

  If you're seeing this page via a web browser, it means you've setup
  Tomcat successfully. Congratulations!   This is the default
  Tomcat home page. It can be found on the local filesystem at:
  /var/lib/tomcat7/webapps/ROOT/index.html

  Tomcat7 veterans might be pleased to learn that this system
  instance of Tomcat is installed with CATALINA_HOME in
  /usr/share/tomcat7 and CATALINA_BASE in
  /var/lib/tomcat7, following the rules from
  /usr/share/doc/tomcat7-common/RUNNING.txt.gz.

  You might consider installing the following packages, if you
  haven't already done so:

  tomcat7-docs: This package installs a web application that
  allows to browse the Tomcat 7 documentation locally. Once installed,
  you can access it by clicking here.

  tomcat7-examples: This package installs a web application
  that allows to access the Tomcat 7 Servlet and JSP examples. Once
  installed, you can access it by clicking here.

  tomcat7-admin: This package installs two web applications
  that can help managing this Tomcat instance. Once installed, you can
  access the manager webapp and the host-manager webapp.

  NOTE: For security reasons, using the manager webapp is restricted
  to users with role "manager-gui". The host-manager webapp is
  restricted to users with role "admin-gui". Users are defined in
  /etc/tomcat7/tomcat-users.xml.

To start/stop Tomcat, use service tomcat7 start/stop/restart:

$ sudo service tomcat7 stop
 * Stopping Tomcat servlet engine tomcat7                                [ OK ]
$ sudo service tomcat7 start
 * Starting Tomcat servlet engine tomcat7                                [ OK ]


How to change value of /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches

Just become root by running

sudo su

And then

echo 10000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches


Is is critical that it's mutt that does this? Performing actions when email arrives (that matches certain criteria) is otherwise precisely what procmail is for.

Here is a guide that shows you how to use fetchmail in conjunction with procmail to do filtering of emails that come from a remote mailbox:

http://fak3r.com/2011/07/07/howto-retrieve-email-with-fetchmail-and-forward-it-on-with-procmail/

Please disregard this answer is using mutt is essential.


Apply this to your host(connected to) machine:

To resolve this warning or install new install with local-gen data localizations of default which in this case are precisely en_US.UTF8 .

sudo locale-gen  en_US.UTF-8

To install / reinstall well as en_US.UTF-8 :

sudo locale-gen  en en_US  en_US.UTF-8

Then apply the changes with dpkg-reconfigure locales

sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

Then

export LC_ALL = "en_US"

Now try to connect again


Give user_a read/write permission on home folder of user_b

This is to add access for the directory only:
setfacl -m u:user_a:rwX /home/user_b
This is to add access for everything within the directory:
setfacl -R -m u:user_a:rwX /home/user_b
(of course this should be run from user_b or root account)


18.04 - Can't Get 64 bit Ubuntu on my Intel Core i7-6500u to start in Oracle Virtual Box

You need to enable virtualization extensions in your BIOS.

By default, this is typically turned off in the BIOS; to virtualize a 64bit CPU you have to enable the virtualization extensions in your BIOS/UEFI firmware.


I have a Fujitsu Siemens AMILO Pro V3515 laptop. Where can I get the proper drivers?

VIA graphics are supported by the "OpenChrome" open-source graphics drivers.

Unfortunately, these graphics cards are not supported by the manufacturer for Linux.  The open-source graphics drivers are not actively developed.

I've checked out the x-edgers PPA and x-stable PPA - the version has not changed between Natty and Oneiric.

Three ubuntu choices:

Accept the issues
trade in your laptop for a intel/nvidia/ati graphics laptop
join the via graphics team and help out development which looks very dead at the moment...


Ubuntu server 20.04 ad-hoc network usb dongle

I managed to get different dongles working on Rasbian Buster, namely some rt2800-chipset dongles from this repo. This seems to confirm a chipset issue with the rtl88x2bu dongles.

I can successfully configure the network with the rt2800 dongles using any of the methods found in the my old linked attempts.

In Raspbian they are plug and play, no need to install drivers - but this question was officially for Ubuntu 20.04 LTS so I'll update once I get time to test it out on that.


Try reinstall ubuntu.
It might be a corrupt version. It could also be a different architecture (32bit / 64bit).

Your mouse could be having a driver related problem also. Use keyboard's "super"(Windows) key to open dash. Search Additional drivers. Install your mouse's drivers their. Reboot and check if it works!!


Terrible screen tearing on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS with Nvidia proprietary driver

Screen tearing is a very annoying problem and can be caused by different things.
Check if your vsync is enabled and check whether your monitor's refresh frequency is set to the same value as the software value.
A quick search online shows that the NVidia 650 has this problem for quite a few people. I advise you to search around and see what works for you. Different people report different methods of dealing with it.

It greatly depends on the vendor of the GPU, what other hardware, drivers and settings you are using.


internal speakers + microphones not working after system update (ubuntu 14.04, Dell Latitude, HDA Intel PCH)

My initial guess was that the problem is with the driver, and not with pulse audio or alsa. After some googling I am not so sure, as there are quite a few references to alsa having problems with HDA intel cards.
for exmaple:

http://www.stchman.com/alsa_update.html

Or

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Audio/UpgradingAlsa/DKMS

so you might want to make sure that Ubuntu recognized the sound card by seeing if it shows when you type:

sudo lshw -short

If it shows, I highly recommend following this link:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SoundTroubleshootingProcedure


Sources list error when opening Synaptic Package Manager

I'll answer in English. I also know German a bit...but please, try to write in English. I am not english either, and I make this effort. EDIT: Thanks to Xubu-tur for the translation

Try this:
How do I restore the sources.list file?
Probably the sources.list file is corrupted, or something similar. You could try to restore it from the installation media, or downloading it from http://repogen.simplylinux.ch/ (I think that restoring from installation media is always better...)


How to increment the amount of documents shown in the Recent Document List

Yep, the number of the recent document list is hardcoded in Gnome and can't be changed afaik.


A little clarifacation on the mount command, found here.

The command
mount

Is responsible for mounting filesystems. The syntax for this command is quite simple (remember that mount must be run with super user privideges to change the system) so:
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

Will mount the filesystem on /dev/sda1 (which may be a USB drive, a SATA drive or a SCSI >drive) into the folder /mnt. That means that going into /mnt will show you the filesystem >which is on /dev/sda1.


How can I get rid of devices and mounted partitions in unity launcher?

The setting is available via the CompizConfig Settings Manager.  If you install the compizconfig-settings-manager package and run ccsm (or find it in the launcher), the "Experimental" tab of the "Ubuntu Unity Plugin" module gives you the options of "Always", "Only Mounted", and "Never".


Facebook crashed then Chromium wont start?

If you reinstall the chromium-browser without purging, you dont loss Usernames and Bookmarks

sudo apt-get --reinstall install chromium-browser

Username and Bookmarks are stored in /home/USER/.config/chromium folder.

For assuarance Press Ctrl+H on File browser to see the hidden (Ex .config) folders.

Then make a copy of the /home/USER/.config/chromium folder. If problem comes, you can replace the new folder with the backup.


Why is ssh-add adding duplicate identity keys?

Using ssh-keygen creates a key ~.ssh/id_rsa or ~.ssh/id_dsa. These are the default file locations for ssh keys and are read in automatically. Use ssh-add when you need to add extra keys.

If you don't want a default key simply name your keys something other than id_rsa. This can be done when generating ssh-keygen -f keyname or simply by renaming the file.


Yes .wine is a hidden folder under user's home directory. To see the hidden files in your home directory:

Open your home dierctory in Nautilus file browser.
Press Ctrl + H to see the hidden files and folders. Afterwards press the same key combination to hide the contents again.

From a terminal you can see files under wine as,

$ cd && cd .wine

The first part of the command above changes directory to your home folder, and if the first command is successful then it takes you to the .wine folder under your home.

Or your desired location as

$ cd && cd .wine/dosdevices/c


Why is the home directory created larger than the root directory?

Before directly answering your question, it's important to be clear on the distinction between a directory and a partition. A single partition can hold multiple directories. In Linux, partitions that hold filesystems are normally mounted (made accessible) using a directory as a mount point. Thus, /home could be simply a directory on the root (/) partition or /home could be the mount point for a separate partition. Your question uses the word "directory" in a context that makes it clear you meant "partition." I'm clarifying this distinction because this distinction is important to part of the answer to your question. In fact, there's yet another complication, because logical volume manager (LVM) enables a partition to hold multiple filesystems that are mounted at different places. For the below, though, I'll assume you're not using LVM, so that "partition" and "filesystem" can be considered synonymous (except for the swap partition).

The optimum sizes of various partitions depends on what you expect to install to them. For instance, with separate root (/), /home, and swap partitions, but no other (Ubuntu) partitions:

If you install a lot of software, you'll want a larger root (/) than if you install little software. Even so, the demands of software packages seldom exceed about 30 GB.
Some non-software goes in root (/). This category includes log files, databases (which normally go in /var), content for Web servers, and the system-wide temporary directory (/tmp). If you have big needs for any of these things, you may need either a bigger root (/) partition or to split off the location of these big directories to their own partitions. You might split off /var, or a subdirectory of it, to its own partition if you expect to be storing huge files there, as might be true on some types of network servers. Such non-software demands on root (/) are typically modest for desktop systems, but they can be significant for network servers.
For a typical desktop computer, the space consumed on root (/) won't go up very much over time, because personal files don't go there -- just program binaries, log files (which get rotated out and deleted in time), and other system files. Root (/) consumption goes up mainly because you install new software. If you install a program and then discover you're not using it, uninstalling it can be worthwhile, particularly if root (/) is filling up.
The /home directory is where the vast majority of user files reside. (Some temporary files go in /tmp and there are some other exceptions, though, at least one of which is very important -- see the next bullet point.) On an Ubuntu-only installation, this means that your personal photos, MP3 files, videos, word processing documents, Web browsing cache, etc., all reside in /home. Thus, the space demands on /home tend to go up over time as you use the computer -- you copy photos from your digital camera here, add music here, save word processing documents here, and so on.
One complication is that many Ubuntu installations are to computers that dual-boot with Windows. On these systems, most user data files reside on the Windows C: partition, not in the Ubuntu /home partition. If you continue with this pattern, the /home partition will hold relatively few files and so should probably be smaller than the root (/) partition; or it could be eliminated entirely, leaving the /home directory on the root (/) partition.

Thus, if Ubuntu is your only OS, and if you're installing on a modern hard disk or even SSD (200GB or more, and often in excess of 1TB), chances are /home should be much bigger than root (/).

OTOH, if your disk is unusually small by modern standards or if you're dual-booting with Windows and you want to keep most of your files (especially big ones) accessible to both OSes, it's probably best to either omit a separate /home partition (leaving its files in the root [/] partition as a simple /home directory) or keep a relatively small /home partition -- perhaps even smaller than root (/).

One further variant is worth mentioning: In a dual-boot configuration, experts often prefer setting aside one or more separate partitions to hold files shared between the OSes. That is, you'll have the Ubuntu root (/) and perhaps /home partitions, the Windows C: partition to hold Windows and its program files, and another partition (perhaps D: in Windows and /home/{yourusername}/shared in Ubuntu) to hold shared files. The advantage of this is that you can restrict access to the Windows C: partition from Linux, making it less likely that a bug or user error will trash the Windows installation. You'll also be able to do a full re-install of Windows without wiping the shared-data partition. You can use any filesystem you like on the shared-data partition, so long as both OSes understand it. NTFS is the most common choice for this, but you can use FAT if you don't mind its limitations; and some Linux filesystems have Windows drivers, so you could use one of them if you prefer.

With those generalities out of the way, it's helpful to consider some real sizes:

root (/) -- Ubuntu can install to a root (/) partition as small as about 5 GB, IIRC; however, if you start installing big programs, it can easily climb to two or three times that value. Thus, the usual recommended range is something like 10-30 GB, with the caveat that it can go even higher than that for some users -- but for the majority of "normal" users, even 20 GB is probably adequate if you have a separate /home partition.
swap -- I haven't mentioned swap much, but will for this question of sizing. In the old days (~15 years ago), the general recommendation was to make swap space about twice your RAM size. Today that's usually overkill. If you use suspend-to-disk (which is not configured in Ubuntu by default), swap space should be at least as big as your available RAM. If you don't use this feature, it can be smaller than that, but having some swap space is desirable, because it enables the kernel to optimize RAM use to improve performance. Note also that swap space can be a file on a filesystem rather than (or in addition to) a swap partition. (IIRC, suspend-to-disk requires a swap partition, though.) Overall, in most cases I'd say half your RAM size is probably a decent size for a swap partition.
/home -- As a first approximation, once you've figured out how much space you need for root (/) and swap, you should give everything else to /home. The exception would be if there's very little space left. For instance, if you're dual-booting with Windows and want to give Linux just 30 GB, then you'll have next to nothing left over by the time you allocate, say, 20 GB to root (/) and 4 GB to swap. Something similar would happen if you're installing on a tiny tablet or very old computer with a small disk. In this case, you might as well omit /home.
Other partitions -- In some cases, you might want other partitions for /var, /tmp, and so on. These aren't needed for typical desktop configurations, though. Smallish (~500 MB) /boot and/or /boot/efi partitions are sometimes required, too -- but if you don't already have these and your system is booting, don't worry about them. As noted earlier, you might want a shared-data partition for use with Windows. If you want most of your data to be shared in this way, you might omit /home and allocate the space to a shared-data partition. (You should not mount an NTFS or FAT volume at /home because Ubuntu relies on features not provided by these filesystems for some files in your home directory. You could mount a shared-data partition in a subdirectory of your home directory, though. If you use Windows filesystem drivers for Linux filesystems, you could also give Windows access to your Ubuntu /home partition.)

In the end, designing an optimized partitioning system depends on an intimate knowledge of your own needs, available disk space, and what's already been used (by another OS, for instance). If you stick with Ubuntu, you'll eventually figure this out for yourself; but there is no one-size-fits-all solution, so I can't simply give you a set of numbers. Even generalities like whether /home should be bigger or smaller than root (/) vary from one installation to another -- although if /home is smaller than root (/) when you follow my outline above, there's a good chance (but not a certainty) that omitting /home and increasing the size of root (/) by that amount would be best.


Can each user use a different gui on the same machine?

Sure. When you log on there is an option to choose the desktop interface you'd like to use. I'm not sure what W7 interface you're talking about, but I'm guessing it's a KDE session with tweaks to make it look like W7. To choose a different desktop interface, first install it.

When you go to log on you should see a button near the user name of the log on screen. the screen below shows what it looked like in previous versions of Ubuntu. I don't use the unity interface any more, so I can't be certain, but I expect it will be near the same spot. Notice that to the right of 'NoobsLab' (the username) there is a small circle with the Gnome icon. Clicking that will bring up a list of options to choose from, based on what desktop environments you have installed.


Delete option is grayed out in disk management (Windows 10) for Ubuntu 18.04 LTS partition

That would appear to be the Ubuntu install disk that is still in your DVD drive. Simply eject it.


You should try Mounty - an indicator applet you can use to easily mount CD / DVD images (and can also burn them directly from the appindicator).

You have to add the ppa ppa:tldm217/tahutek.netto your software sources (here's how to do that) and install mounty from the software center.

Your question actually inspired my post: Indicator Applet To Mount CD / DVD Images: Mounty :)


Tox has a new website called tox.chat. The old tox.im is no more.  That is no longer the official site.

  How do I install Tox?

Manually

You can download Tox binaries from the Tox Binaries page. Choose the package that is appropriate for your system. When downloaded, install like so:

 sudo dpkg -i {YOUR_PREFERRED_TOX_CLIENT}.deb

After that, search for the client you just installed.

PPA

As of 23 February 2018, Debian and Ubuntu package repository has been shut down. The section below is preserved for its historic value.

Warning: They recently changed their PPA infrastructure, remove keys and the likes, as they are no longer maintained and supported.

The new way to install (currently only 64-bit qTox is supported):

echo "deb https://pkg.tox.chat/debian nightly $(lsb_release -cs)" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/tox.list
wget -qO - https://pkg.tox.chat/debian/pkg.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install qtox

The release channel is no longer receiving updates so do not set the channel to just release, qtox-unity is also no longer receiving support so you can now only install qtox from still supported channels such as wily.

Please note though that if you have the release channel set simply changing that won't work, if you do change it to something like wily the upgrade link will be broken and you will not recieve any updates for qtox until you remove it, update your sources list (sudo apt-get update), and then install it from the correct channel.

Also, a note from a qtox developers:

  "To reiterate irungentoo’s reply in that thread, yes you should
  uninstall any repos from tox.im, and you should not trust any new
  binaries from tox.im or libtoxcore.so. We have a new repo:
  https://wiki.tox.chat/binaries#gnulinux

  Right now only qTox is in it, but we’re working on getting the rest of
  the clients up.

  Just a note, we have no reason to believe that any binaries from the
  old repo/domains have been compromised. This is just a safety measure." - Current Situation | Tox Blog#comment 14

qtox

Ubuntu 14.04, qtox

toxic

toxic, terminal based tox client

What is Tox? Tox is a skype replacement, with downloads available for Linux/Mac/Windows. At the time of writing, there are deb packages for AMD64 downloads, portage overlays and Arch Linux PKGBUILD's, as per the Tox Binaries page. If one wishes to keep an eye out of the progress Tox is making, one could check out there GitHub page.

  Project Tox, also known as Tox, is a FOSS (Free and Open Source Software) instant messaging application aimed to replace Skype.

Why does Tox exist?

  With the rise of governmental monitoring programs, Tox aims to be an easy to use, all-in-one communication platform (including audio, and videochats in the future) that ensures their users full privacy and secure message delivery.

About Tox

  Tox is built with the idea that you can keep up with friends and family without having your privacy violated. While other big-name services require you to pay to unlock features, Tox is free in both price, and in liberty. That is, you’re free to do whatever you wish with Tox.

Video

QTox running under Ubuntu Trusty Tahr 14.04.

Tox, the free and secure skype replacement - YouTube

Reference:

Tox, the free and secure skype replacement - EuroBytes
tox.chat: Tox homepage
github.com: irungentoo/toxcore
binaries - Tox Wiki


setting up wordpress on ubuntu, directory permissions

<Directory /home/me/alliance>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
        Require all granted
</Directory>

needs to be added to apache2.conf


Will we ever see full support for nVidia Optimus on Linux?

It seems that finally nVidia has decided to offer support for Optimus on Linux. The official driver supports hybrid graphics in Linux in their latest driver release (beta version 319.12).
Read the full release notes here.

Sources: webupd8 ,  phoronix , nvidia documentation


How to enable bluetooth on a HP ProBook 430 with a Realtek 8723BE

The bluetooth driver is in ppa now

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:hanipouspilot/rtlwifi
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rtl8723au-bt-dkms

No need to re-install it after kernel upgrades any more.


Show a dialog box after a period of inactivity

Use xautolock

xautolock -time 15 -locker notify-send -t time "Title" "message_here" -i "path/to/icon"

or use zenity or any dialog you wish.

See http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man1/xautolock.1.html

Edit: After the edit to the question, the OP went with zenity

xautolock -time 15 -locker "zenity --text='<text here>' --warning"


How to make a launcher that will first navigate to a folder and then execute a command that resides in normal  /usr/bin/

In the .desktop file, set

Exec=sh -c "cd /path/to/directory/to/sync && grive"

and set Terminal=true


/usr/share/themes is for the system (all users)

~/.themes is for the current user ;)


After upgrade to Ubuntu 16.04 from 14.04 can't get grub to boot

Ha second time in 5 minutes I have recommended this only for different issues.... If its a grub issue, use http://www.supergrubdisk.org/ to scan and repair the boot partition. (and I doubt a year later its helpful)


For language learning, I have found Anki very useful, which works on a variety of platforms, including Ubuntu. It is based on a technique called spaced repetition and, although not the best exponent of "fun" it is definitely "easy learn".

It works for many other fields, not just languages.


Change keyboard layout when running from USB

To change the layout, you can do that from terminal, so for example if you want to use English US, and Finish, you would just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

setxkbmap -option grp:alt_shift_toggle us,fi

Below is a list of the 2 letter country codes if needed.

Code    Country Name
AF  AFGHANISTAN
AX  ÅLAND ISLANDS
AL  ALBANIA
DZ  ALGERIA
AS  AMERICAN SAMOA
AD  ANDORRA
AO  ANGOLA
AI  ANGUILLA
AQ  ANTARCTICA
AG  ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA
AR  ARGENTINA
AM  ARMENIA
AW  ARUBA
AU  AUSTRALIA
AT  AUSTRIA
AZ  AZERBAIJAN
BS  BAHAMAS
BH  BAHRAIN
BD  BANGLADESH
BB  BARBADOS
BY  BELARUS
BE  BELGIUM
BZ  BELIZE
BJ  BENIN
BM  BERMUDA
BT  BHUTAN
BO  BOLIVIA, PLURINATIONAL STATE OF
BQ  BONAIRE, SINT EUSTATIUS AND SABA
BA  BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
BW  BOTSWANA
BV  BOUVET ISLAND
BR  BRAZIL
IO  BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORY
BN  BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
BG  BULGARIA
BF  BURKINA FASO
BI  BURUNDI
KH  CAMBODIA
CM  CAMEROON
CA  CANADA
CV  CAPE VERDE
KY  CAYMAN ISLANDS
CF  CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
TD  CHAD
CL  CHILE
CN  CHINA
CX  CHRISTMAS ISLAND
CC  COCOS (KEELING) ISLANDS
CO  COLOMBIA
KM  COMOROS
CG  CONGO
CD  CONGO, THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE
CK  COOK ISLANDS
CR  COSTA RICA
CI  CÔTE D'IVOIRE
HR  CROATIA
CU  CUBA
CW  CURAÇAO
CY  CYPRUS
CZ  CZECH REPUBLIC
DK  DENMARK
DJ  DJIBOUTI
DM  DOMINICA
DO  DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
EC  ECUADOR
EG  EGYPT
SV  EL SALVADOR
GQ  EQUATORIAL GUINEA
ER  ERITREA
EE  ESTONIA
ET  ETHIOPIA
FK  FALKLAND ISLANDS (MALVINAS)
FO  FAROE ISLANDS
FJ  FIJI
FI  FINLAND
FR  FRANCE
GF  FRENCH GUIANA
PF  FRENCH POLYNESIA
TF  FRENCH SOUTHERN TERRITORIES
GA  GABON
GM  GAMBIA
GE  GEORGIA
DE  GERMANY
GH  GHANA
GI  GIBRALTAR
GR  GREECE
GL  GREENLAND
GD  GRENADA
GP  GUADELOUPE
GU  GUAM
GT  GUATEMALA
GG  GUERNSEY
GN  GUINEA
GW  GUINEA-BISSAU
GY  GUYANA
HT  HAITI
HM  HEARD ISLAND AND MCDONALD ISLANDS
VA  HOLY SEE (VATICAN CITY STATE)
HN  HONDURAS
HK  HONG KONG
HU  HUNGARY
IS  ICELAND
IN  INDIA
ID  INDONESIA
IR  IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF
IQ  IRAQ
IE  IRELAND
IM  ISLE OF MAN
IL  ISRAEL
IT  ITALY
JM  JAMAICA
JP  JAPAN
JE  JERSEY
JO  JORDAN
KZ  KAZAKHSTAN
KE  KENYA
KI  KIRIBATI
KP  KOREA, DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
KR  KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
KW  KUWAIT
KG  KYRGYZSTAN
LA  LAO PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
LV  LATVIA
LB  LEBANON
LS  LESOTHO
LR  LIBERIA
LY  LIBYA
LI  LIECHTENSTEIN
LT  LITHUANIA
LU  LUXEMBOURG
MO  MACAO
MK  MACEDONIA, THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF
MG  MADAGASCAR
MW  MALAWI
MY  MALAYSIA
MV  MALDIVES
ML  MALI
MT  MALTA
MH  MARSHALL ISLANDS
MQ  MARTINIQUE
MR  MAURITANIA
MU  MAURITIUS
YT  MAYOTTE
MX  MEXICO
FM  MICRONESIA, FEDERATED STATES OF
MD  MOLDOVA, REPUBLIC OF
MC  MONACO
MN  MONGOLIA
ME  MONTENEGRO
MS  MONTSERRAT
MA  MOROCCO
MZ  MOZAMBIQUE
MM  MYANMAR
NA  NAMIBIA
NR  NAURU
NP  NEPAL
NL  NETHERLANDS
NC  NEW CALEDONIA
NZ  NEW ZEALAND
NI  NICARAGUA
NE  NIGER
NG  NIGERIA
NU  NIUE
NF  NORFOLK ISLAND
MP  NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS
NO  NORWAY
OM  OMAN
PK  PAKISTAN
PW  PALAU
PS  PALESTINE, STATE OF
PA  PANAMA
PG  PAPUA NEW GUINEA
PY  PARAGUAY
PE  PERU
PH  PHILIPPINES
PN  PITCAIRN
PL  POLAND
PT  PORTUGAL
PR  PUERTO RICO
QA  QATAR
RE  RÉUNION
RO  ROMANIA
RU  RUSSIAN FEDERATION
RW  RWANDA
BL  SAINT BARTHÉLEMY
SH  SAINT HELENA, ASCENSION AND TRISTAN DA CUNHA
KN  SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS
LC  SAINT LUCIA
MF  SAINT MARTIN (FRENCH PART)
PM  SAINT PIERRE AND MIQUELON
VC  SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES
WS  SAMOA
SM  SAN MARINO
ST  SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
SA  SAUDI ARABIA
SN  SENEGAL
RS  SERBIA
SC  SEYCHELLES
SL  SIERRA LEONE
SG  SINGAPORE
SX  SINT MAARTEN (DUTCH PART)
SK  SLOVAKIA
SI  SLOVENIA
SB  SOLOMON ISLANDS
SO  SOMALIA
ZA  SOUTH AFRICA
GS  SOUTH GEORGIA AND THE SOUTH SANDWICH ISLANDS
SS  SOUTH SUDAN
ES  SPAIN
LK  SRI LANKA
SD  SUDAN
SR  SURINAME
SJ  SVALBARD AND JAN MAYEN
SZ  SWAZILAND
SE  SWEDEN
CH  SWITZERLAND
SY  SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC
TW  TAIWAN, PROVINCE OF CHINA
TJ  TAJIKISTAN
TZ  TANZANIA, UNITED REPUBLIC OF
TH  THAILAND
TL  TIMOR-LESTE
TG  TOGO
TK  TOKELAU
TO  TONGA
TT  TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
TN  TUNISIA
TR  TURKEY
TM  TURKMENISTAN
TC  TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS
TV  TUVALU
UG  UGANDA
UA  UKRAINE
AE  UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
GB  UNITED KINGDOM
US  UNITED STATES
UM  UNITED STATES MINOR OUTLYING ISLANDS
UY  URUGUAY
UZ  UZBEKISTAN
VU  VANUATU
VE  VENEZUELA, BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF
VN  VIET NAM
VG  VIRGIN ISLANDS, BRITISH
VI  VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S.
WF  WALLIS AND FUTUNA
EH  WESTERN SAHARA
YE  YEMEN
ZM  ZAMBIA
ZW  ZIMBABWE


Less output now after SNMP update on 5 september 2019

This has already been reported as a bug and is being fixed. I was seeing the same thing you were on our patched 16.04 LTS servers.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/net-snmp/+bug/1843036


For right justification, you can simply print the text with a field width equal to the column width of the terminal:

printf '%*s\n' $COLUMNS 'some text'

For center justification, you need to do some math to account for the length of the text you want to print - see for example Ubuntu 16.04 : Center greeting command in terminal


Catalyst forgets monitor settings after reboot or log out in 12.10

This answer was provided by Tom Rakoncátlan who as a new user cannot answer this protected question, so I have posted it here on his behalf.

Solution is described at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/ATI

Quote: "If you experience underscan when outputting video to an HDTV, this may resolve the issue:

sudo aticonfig --set-pcs-val=MCIL,DigitalHDTVDefaultUnderscan,0 sudo reboot

This sets the default underscan setting to false." I did it and it finally solved the problem.


This appears to be a long standing bug and was not considered critical see post #3: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/libdbusmenu/+bug/953158

A possible workaround can be found here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/libdbusmenu/+bug/618587/comments/46


apt-get or aptitude equivalent to yum whatprovides

This depends on whether the package containing the file is already installed. If so, use dpkg -S filename.

If your intention is to find out which package to install to get a certain file, one option is to use the online packages.ubuntu.com: scroll down to "Search the contents of packages". Make sure that the right distribution is selected. If you're looking for a files irrespective of the path, check the appropriate option.

There is also apt-file. Because this method required updating the files database, however, I prefer the other, instant option.


Cant connect to wifi network in ubuntu after windows 10 upgrade from windows 8.1

I just recently ran into this issue when I upgraded to windows 10 as well. Mine was with the wired ethernet though. I had to boot into windows 10, go to my intel ethernet settings. I unchecked the 3/4 checked options for WOL(Wake On Lan). Rebooted into ubuntu and its running perfectly now. Hope this helps.


the letter "l" no longer works in the terminal

I think I've seen something like this and it was caused by an incorrect readline config. Remove ~/.inputrc, reopen your shell and try again.


How to install command sysupgrade ? (need it for openWRT)

You are supposed to run sysupgrade on your router. You need to ssh to it first and then run sysupgrade.

Example:

user@your-pc:~$ ssh root@router
root@router:~# sysupgrade –v openwrt-ar71xx-generic-tl-wr710n-v1-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin

I added the shell prompt to the commands to show on which system they are executed. So, first, on your computer, you open a ssh connection to your router. In the example command the router is available as router, you probably need to use your routers IP address or DNS name. After loging in to the router, you can type in the command from the tutorial.

The program sysupgrade should already be available on your OpenWrt device (it is on mine).


I suspect that the SD card is damaged, maybe in a read-only state called 'grid-locked'. It is a first stage of failing. But there are things to check before you give up on the card.

You can continue testing/checking it according to the following link,

Can't format my usb drive. I have already tried with mkdosfs and gparted - Analysis of the problem


You can both install and uninstall lists of multiple flatpak packages in a single flatpak install / flatpak uninstall command by separating each flatpak package in the command with a space character.


CodeBlocks can't save shortcuts setting after exiting

After searching and still stuck on finding a solution, I've just remove everything related to CB and reinstall CB 16.01 (13.12 previously) and it works like a charm. The SpellChecker error still prompts, I have no idea what is going on but everything seems OK now.


Wireless don't show in Acer Aspire E1-470

Click on the first icon in unity (menu panel on left hand side)
Type Additional Driver
Run the application.
If everything goes well then you might be able to see your wireless card in the application.
Select you card and then click on the Activate button at the right hand bottom side.
Restart and enjoy wireless.

For more info click below:
https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/precise/jockey-gtk/


Screen tearing in Chrome while watching Netflix in full-screen on 14.04 LTS

This issue occurred after updating 14.04.2. To fix tearing in Chrome while watching Netflix full-screen do the following:

Install CompizConfig Settings Manager:

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Open CompizConfig Settings Manager.
Click Composite.
In Unredirect Match, add & !(class=^Google-chrome) to the end of the line.

This prevents Chrome windows from being unriderected, while leaving other fullscreen windows unredirected. Unredirecting fullscreen windows lets fullscreen apps draw directly to the screen, which should result in higher performance. That also means the app drawing has to manage v-sync if it cares about it. Chrome does not do v-sync by itself when there's a compositing window manager. Thus it relies on Compiz to do it. That's why we need to let Compiz redirect Chrome and manage v-sync for it. In order to not hurt other apps' performance, we add an exception to the Unredirect Match rules instead of turning off the feature altogether. Note that !(class=google-chrome) is already there by default but it doesn't work. The current Chrome window class starts with a capital "G" whereas the default rule starts with a lowercase "g". It may be possible that the window class got changed during a Chrome update at some point between the rule being added to Ubuntu and now. It could also be a regression in Ubuntu that changed the leading "G" was changed to "g".


How do I disable the "enable/disable wireless" shortcut key on my laptop?

On the Dell Studio XPS 1340 those buttons the wireless button was control by the bios, and could not be changed in Ubuntu.


How to update libeigen3 to version >= 3.3 on 16.04 xenial?

Try "apt-pinning" of the package libeigen3-dev from another newer Ubuntu version or
do it manually by downloading the deb-file from https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic/libeigen3-dev (by clicking on "all" that directs to https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic/all/libeigen3-dev/download) and then install it by sudo dpkg -i libeigen3-dev_3.3.4-4_all.deb (or whatever version you have downloaded). It should work flawless since there are not difficult dependencies.


Fixed issue now. All i did was, boot into windows using live cd. Then run

bootrec/fixmbr

bootrec/fixboot

Then i am able to boot into my windows. Turned off fast startup from Power options. After that used Ubuntu loaded pen drive to boot to Ubuntu and fix the grub.


wifi drivers not appearing in ubuntu 14.04

You do not have a Broadcom wireless adapter. That is why it makes no sense to install any Broadcom drivers.

You have an Atheros adapter. It is supported in kernel 4.4. You can upgrade the kernel in Ubuntu 14.04 by running

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-xenial

You may also need to upgrade linux-firmware by

sudo apt-get install linux-firmware

Reboot after you do this. I am not 100% sure the firmware has been added to the Ubuntu package. If it is not, then you will need to install the firmware manually.

You can install the firmware manually this way:

echo "options ath10k_core skip_otp=Y" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/ath10k_core.conf
sudo rm -r /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA6174/
git clone https://github.com/atondwal/ath10k-firmware.git
sudo cp -r ath10k-firmware/ath10k/ /lib/firmware/
cd /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA6164
sudo cp -r hw2.1/ /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA6174/

Reference


Nautilus desktop icon not showing "Places" anymore

Seems I fixed it by copying the nautilus.desktop from /usr/share/applications to

~/.local/share/applications.

Had to add this to the end of the file:

[Documents Shortcut Group]
Name=Documents
Exec=nautilus --new-window Documents
OnlyShowIn=Unity;

And then dragging the file to my dash bar.
Without the added lines, it acted the same way still,  only difference was that it had the New Window option in it. Bugs me how that stuff I added in the end fixed it because I did not even define the launcher to use that entry.


How do I quickly access the Unity Launcher?

Recently the behavior has been changed so that pushing your mouse towards the left edge of the screen reveals the launcher.

Pressing and holding the Super key (Windows logo) will also reveal the launcher. Also (while you're at it) you can press Super plus any number to activate the corresponding launcher (i.e. launch the application)

What are Unity's keyboard and mouse shortcuts?


Installing Ubuntu 16.04 on separate disk but it behaves weird

If you remove SSD2 you won't have a problem unless you tell grub to boot from it. The grub menu options are built on SSD1 so even though it displays the menu options it doesn't know SSD2 isn't there until you pick the menu option linked to it.

It's real easy to test. Simply remove SSD2 and reboot. Grub will let you pick OS's on SSD1 and HDD1. If you try to pick Ubuntu on SSD2 some sort of error will occur but you can't break SSD2 programs because it's unplugged.

Then power down, reattach SSD2 and power up. You'll be able to pick Ubuntu on SSD2 again.


How long does it take to Install Ubuntu 14.04 "alongside them"

This should not require that much time. Normally 30-40 secs is required. In this time, Ubuntu decide which partition should be used for it, make room for Ubuntu by shrinking (if needed) an existing partition and then start installation. It seems, your Notebook has a configuration which is problematic for Ubuntu.

I suggest you to restart the process by again. You should choose "Something else" option instead of "Alongside... " option. Then shrink a partition, make two partition on the new free space (one for / and one for swap) and then go.


I did sudo apt-get remove nvidia-346 and sudo apt-get remove system76-driver-nvidia, then rebooted the machine and then System Settings worked.

On a weird side note: I haven't been able to get HDMI working at all (yet displayport did work). After the removal - it worked as well.


Can I run Android, Mac or Windows apps on Ubuntu Phone?

Unfortunately, this won't work without emulators like Wine (you'll probably want the ARM version).

But that's exactly what emulators are here for. They aren't actually that much of a hassle to use, and don't eat up too many resources.

I'm afraid I don't know of any serious sign-language translators having a native Linux build or being open source. So emulators will have to do for now.


Ethernet not working in Ubuntu 16.04 (works in Windows) with RTL8111/8168/8411

Download these files and copy them to your Ubuntu Home folder.

http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/r/r8168/r8168-dkms_8.041.00-1_all.deb
http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/d/dkms/dkms_2.2.0.3-2ubuntu11_all.deb

Then run in a terminal

sudo dpkg -i dkms*.deb r8168*.deb

and reboot.


Do all webcam programs depend on 3D acceleration in Virtual Box?

You should try other webcam software, like guvcview. Maybe cheese won't work because it has effects which need 3D acceleration.


postfix - can't send external mail - relay access denied

As it turns out. My internet service provider (ISP) blocks outgoing mail.
They however provided a relay option: smtp.myisp.tld. I had to use this address as my relay host in the /etc/postfix/main.cf config file:

relayhost = smtp.myisp.tld


Can someone help me port a gameboy emulator to ubuntu touch?

That question might be out of the scope of this site.

Which Game Boy emulator would you like to translate?

It may be worth asking on the following websites

http://ucollective.org/
http://www.chipmusic.org/


unable to access cifs network shared drive via fstab entry despite having administrator rights

I can't specifically answer the question of why your code is not working. Below is the line in my fstab file, which mounts a shared drive when the computer boots. Modify for your situation and see if it works.

#Mount Western Digital Passport Drive On Router  - Not part of Logical Volume Management (LVM)
//rt-n56u/sda1 /media/My_Passport cifs file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777,rw,guest,sec=ntlm,uid=1000,forceuid,gid=34,forcegid,nofail 0      0

Ubuntu documentation: fstab

ArchLinux documentation: fstab

PS: I noticed after posting that your uid and gid both use the same number. The effect of using the same number for your uid or gid is unknown to me.


To change the keyboard layout you can use :

sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration

Then you can choose your layout. You might need to reboot after.


(Can't boot with UEFI)Can not boot window after installing linux

Apparently your windows partition should be intact unless you deleted that.

I faced kind of same issues when I dual booted my system.

Make sure to install Linux in the same mode windows is installed (Legacy or UEFI), otherwise you won't be able to boot into windows.
If you've already done the same and somehow grub is unable to map windows partition.

Try running these command, it'll repair any bootloader issues if there are any.

sudo update-grub

If still stuck, try diagnosing this issue from here if you installed ubuntu like distro - Boot-Repair

If you've installed Linux in UEFI mode and unable to boot into windows, performing a clean install of linux in legacy mode will be more preferable for you.


Error message after installing client "There was an error while accessing the configuration file at /home/NextCloud: ...:

ls -al /home/doug/.config/Nextcloud/nextcloud.cfg shows us:
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 718 Nov 27 18:39 /home/doug/.config/Nextcloud/nextcloud.cfg

This says the file is owned by root and only writable by root.
We did:
sudo chmod 777 /home/doug/.config/Nextcloud/nextcloud.cfg

And that allows it to work (without changing file ownership).


Desktop icons default zoom level change regularly from 'small' to 'large'

I had this as well, and found out that it's not randomly. The icons zoom with the last used view in Nautilus. I think the desktop icon size should be made independent from the nautilus icon size.


What are the different values available for the Aptitude CLI “-q” option?

I believe this says it all man aptitude:

   -q[=<n>], --quiet[=<n>]
       Suppress all incremental progress indicators, thus making the
       output loggable. This may be supplied multiple times to make the
       program quieter, but unlike apt-get, aptitude does not enable -y
       when -q is supplied more than once.

       The optional =<n> may be used to directly set the amount of
       quietness (for instance, to override a setting in
       /etc/apt/apt.conf); it causes the program to behave as if -q had
       been passed exactly <n> times.

Here it says setting -q to the values indicated by you will be interpreted as passing -q that number of times.

So doing -q=5 is equivalent to doing -q -q -q -q -q, but of course doing -q=5 is much pleasing and readable. The operational difference is that it makes the program run far more quietly with respect to the number of -qs used.


Firefox 42+: libgtk-3.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

Turns out I needed to download the x86_64 version from the Mozilla site, not the 32-bit version.


The System Requirements are different than they are for Windows.

Euro Truck Simulator 2

You don't meet the System Requirements for Linux.

You need at least an Intel HD 4000. You have a Nvidia GeForce GT 120.
As you can see from the benchmark Intel HD 4000 GPU performs better than NVIDIA.

Rochard

Rochard may run better in a Unity2D session.

How do I change the default session unity-2d

Space Pirates and Zombies

I think this might be in beta for Linux at the moment.


CPU high temperature 12.10 while high CPU usage

I had the same issue with the same OS on the same Machine...

I presume you have the ATI raedon Video Card in there, like i do...
And the problem actualy reside in the GPU heating up, not the CPU..

From experience, if you use the Open-source Drivers, you will have a smoother GUI (gnome) but the card tends to over heat. The solution i found, that works for me is to install Jupiter and set the power setting to LOW.

You can alternatively insert a line to some file throught the CLI but i don't rember it.
Maybe can someone help with that.. it starts with

  echo low > some_config_file.here

On the other side, you can alos install the Proprietary Driver, But ,again, from experience the Gnome-shell desktop become laggy/choppy. (May not be the case with UNITY, i don't know, never used UNITY).

I went from 83+°C to about 60-63°C.

An usefull tools in this case is sensors. You can install it using

sudo apt-get install lm-sensors

and then run it using

sensors

Hope this helps, you and others, cause i've been looking a long time for an adequat solution.


Why can't I connect to this service when launched via Upstart?

If that's your complete script, then it has a two simple problems. exec should be in a script [...] end script like this:

script
    exec ./word
end script

and the export variable should be declared first with a env stanza:

env PORT=5555
export PORT

So the whole script should looks like:

start on runlevel [2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]

chdir /home/word

setgid word
setuid word

env PORT=5555
export PORT

script
    exec ./word
end script

I would also instead of calling ./word would call the interpreter first. If it's a bash script:

exec /usr/bin/env bash ./word

python:

exec /usr/bin/env python word

References:

http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/#env
http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/#export
http://upstart.ubuntu.com/cookbook/#script


Okay guys, it's been a tough few months for me dealing with the described issue. I erased the whole disk several times tried different partitioning and even tried a different distro in order to test everything. But none of them solved the problem and finally crisis happened and my BIOS couldn't recognize my HDD so that was the end and now I'm with a new SSD which has been working without those problems for some weeks. If you are dealing with same issues you should consider replacing the drive. Also take a look at the comments, there is a good conversation there I think. However these are my experiences from what I've done. Some of them are maybe for new users or young learners:

In my opinion any of mentioned issues can be a sign of damaged hard drive. So if you have to do any manual fsck start to think about data backup.
Hard drives are one of the most sensitive parts of our computers so it is not unlikely at all to have disk issues after sometime (usually within 3-5 years based on your works)
I have been on very tough moments when I had projects to be done while those hard issues kept happening, but I found out that there would be no learning when there is no problem to deal with. So don't be afraid of issues, don't get settled with an OKAY situation. Try to make things in your most desired form. Specially with computers, they are YOUR machine and should be in the exact way that YOU want. So you even can enhance the best situation.

Have fun in your explores :)


ForcePAE for Linux Live on Pentium M on memory stick

i need to guess a little bit, but have a look at ubuntu\disks\boot\grub and open menu.lst with a text editor. maybe it`s named grub.cfg, which is more recent name with modern grub.  search for the line with the kernel params - you should see some "root=..." and "quiet" there. simply add that param there.


How can I get mutt to stop making vim insert line breaks every few characters?

You can set the editor option in your .muttrc option and include command line options. The command line options can set vim settings. An example would be:

set editor="vim +':set textwidth=0' +':set wrapmargin=0' +':set wrap'"

or

# use vim, tell it to set cursor on first line of body
set editor="vim -c 'set expandtab textwidth=65 | normal }j'"

And so on and so forth. See the vim man page for many more options.


Why does the Audacity icon change in the launcher if the launcher icon size is adjusted?

The Freedesktop Icon Theme Specification allows multiple images to be provided for a given icon name where the image chosen will depend on the size being requested.

Presumably, Audacity is providing multiple icons and this is the size at which the image choice changes.


GNOME Shell 3.4.1 change shortcut to navigate between applications (Ubuntu 12.04)

open dconf-editor and changing the setting for

org/gnome/desktop/wm/keybindings switch-applications to the value ['<Super>Tab', '<Alt>Tab'] worked for me


Cannot remove (or reinstall) Spotify or any other program

The system tries to install Spotify. Create a directory /opt/spotify/spotify-client, owned by root, with permissions 755 and try again. If you accentally also deleted /opt/spotify, do the same for that directory. Then repeat sudo apt-get -f install, and sudo apt-get remove spotify.


Dual Monitors - Only One Turns off When the System is Idle

I stumbled across a solution to this accidentally.  Going into "Software & Updates", then the "Additional Drivers" tab and changing the video driver from "X.Org X server" to "NVIDIA binary Xorg driver" (the one that's listed as proprietary and tested) fixed the problem.


You still can mount it manually. Use the command line!
Check the available disks and partitions:
sudo lsblk

You have to see all your disks there and all the partitions on the disks. The last column MOUNTPOINT will be empty for the partition you are interested in (otherwise it's already mounted and you can reach the files).
No you can mount that partition (sdb3 in my example):
sudo mount /dev/sdb3 /mnt/

Now you can reach all your files in the /mnt directory.
At this point you may face an issue. If your UID and your UID on the other system is not the same you can have permission issues. Of course as root you can reach every file.


It's possible to continue. Open the terminal, type uck and press <tab> to see the list of commands that you can use. They all have man pages that you can see to figure out what you need. If you tell me at which step exactly your UCK quit I can give you more detailed instructions


Problem in upgrade from 14.04 to 16.04.1

You can try sudo apt install -f but otherwise it's preferable to do a clean install.
Online upgrades may not work with proprietary graphics drivers installed and active.


The root filesystem on /dev/sda5 requires a manual fsck

This indicates that a manual file system check should be done of your partition /dev/sda1. To attempt that, give the command
fsck -y /dev/sda1

then reboot with the reboot command.
Chances are it won't work. That a manual check is required points to pretty bad damage of the file system. Even if the file system can be returned to a consistent state, there is no certainty that no files have been damaged or are missing. Reformatting the partition and reinstalling the system is the only certain recovery option from this issue.


You're right, you can't edit the crontab in Snappy Ubuntu Core. Personally I just create a service that sleeps. For instance, say there was an operation you wanted to run every 15 minutes. Put it in a shell script named my_service.sh:

#!/bin/sh
while true; do
    do_my_thing
    sleep 15m
done

Make it executable. Now create something like the following snapcraft.yaml:

name: foo
version: 1
summary: My snap
description: My snap

apps:
  my-service:
    command: my_service.sh
    daemon: simple

parts:
  foo:
    plugin: copy
    files:
      my_service.sh: bin/

If you install the resulting snap you'll have that service with do_my_thing running every 15 minutes. If your timing requirements are more complicated (e.g. run every Sunday at 0200) you can still pull this off, but it of course gets a bit more complex.


Anything that requires flash looks green and purple, and small

Install Ubuntu 13.10 (newest version of the OS) and follow these instructions afterwards. It uses the Windows version of Flash and Silverlight (embedded in Linux Firefox). You not only have the app running like it should but you also have the latest release.

http://www.webupd8.org/2013/08/pipelight-use-silverlight-in-your-linux.html


Unable to access Virtual network editor - Workstation 14.1 Ubuntu 17.10

Problem fixed after upgrading my OS to Ubuntu 18.04 and reinstalling vm workstation 14.1.2.

After installing vmware go to: Shared VM (right click) > Permission and check if you have privilege. You can remove / add users.


Apache error "Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name"

6# 13.04 and older

This is just a friendly warning and not really a problem (as in that something does not work).

If you go to:

/etc/apache2/apache2.conf

and insert:

ServerName localhost

and then restart apache by typing into the terminal:

sudo systemctl reload apache2

the notice will disappear.

If you have a name inside /etc/hostname you can also use that name instead of localhost.

And it uses 127.0.1.1 if it is inside your /etc/hosts:

127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.1.1 myhostname

Preferred method

  Troubleshooting Apache

If you get this error:

apache2: Could not determine the server's fully qualified domain name,
using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName

then use a text editor such as "sudo nano" at the command line or "gksudo gedit" on the desktop to create a new file,

sudo nano /etc/apache2/conf.d/fqdn

or

gksu "gedit /etc/apache2/conf.d/fqdn"

then add

ServerName localhost

to the file and save. This can all be done in a single command with the following:

 echo "ServerName localhost" | sudo tee /etc/apache2/conf.d/fqdn

But on Ubuntu 14.04:

 echo "ServerName localhost" | sudo tee /etc/apache2/conf-available/fqdn.conf
 sudo a2enconf fqdn

Don't forget the ".conf" (without will not work).


Grub resue error insmod normal File not Found

You need to re-install the Grub using the instructions mentioned here:- Grub Install

Afte fixing the boot issue you can go ahead and you can remove Grub by referring the link:- Remove Grub


Don't worry about that, this is just a warning from Perl. You should be fine with the C locale.

Or, solve it by running

sudo apt-get install locales
sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

It should generate the necessary locales.


Get the size of a remote file from terminal

You can try typing:

wget --spider

It gives for example 134K:

$ wget --spider "https://askubuntu.com/questions/389910/get-the-size-of-a-remote-file-from-terminal/389920#389920"
Spider mode enabled. Check if remote file exists.
--2019-09-27 20:34:46--  https://askubuntu.com/questions/389910/get-the-size-of-a-remote-file-from-terminal/389920
Resolving askubuntu.com (askubuntu.com)... 151.101.193.69, 151.101.129.69, 151.101.65.69, ...
Connecting to askubuntu.com (askubuntu.com)|151.101.193.69|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 136873 (134K) [text/html]
Remote file exists and could contain further links,
but recursion is disabled -- not retrieving.


Maby this will help you ! :)

https://ask.napier.ac.uk/article.php?id=377

The procedure for manually uninstalling the AnyConnect client from a Linux or Mac OS X system is the same for both systems. As root, run the following shell script:  /opt/cisco/vpn/bin/vpn_uninstall.sh

Typically, you would do this via sudo, as follows:$ sudo /opt/cisco/vpn/bin/vpn_uninstall.sh
If you do not use sudo, use a root shell:# /opt/cisco/vpn/bin/vpn_uninstall.sh


How do I set the TERM environment variable for the Gnome Terminal Emulator app?

There are two issues here.
One is how to detect if you're running inside gnome-terminal (or any other app using the same vte widget for the current terminal emulation). Assuming you're on a recent enough Ubuntu, the presence of the $VTE_VERSION variable tells you this. You could edit your .bashrc to contain something like
if [ -n "$VTE_VERSION" ]; then
    # Gnome-terminal and other vte3-based emulators
    color_prompt=yes
fi

The other issue is that for some reason Ubuntu's default .bashrc tries to look for xterm-color which is not really used nowadays. Either the standard xterm (which supports colors anyways), or the more modern xterm-256color are the popular choices, the default slowly moving towards the latter. (gnome-terminal changed its default from xterm to xterm-256color in 3.16, which is present in Ubuntu 15.10 beyond)
If you would like to move forward and already enjoy plenty of colors in several applications, I recommend that you already switch to TERM=xterm-256color, which you could also do in the if-branch above.
Ubuntu's .bashrc is obsolete for using xterm-color. I much rather recommend modifying these bits in the script around whatever $TERM you already have (xterm) or would prefer to have (maybe xterm-256color), rather than the other way around, modifying $TERM to match .bashrc's requirement.


That's what to be expected since update-grub will overwrite your just edited grub.cfg.
Instead of editing grub.cfg you should change some lines in /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme. Look for the lines
set_default_theme(){
    case $GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR in
        Tanglu|Ubuntu|Kubuntu)
            # Set a monochromatic theme for Tanglu/Ubuntu.
            echo "${1}set menu_color_normal=white/black"
            echo "${1}set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray"

and adapt them according to your needs. Then run sudo update-grub.


Why does VirtualBox crash if I close Ubuntu one way but not if I close Ubuntu another way?

Option C is basically like pressing and holding the power button on the virtual machine. It's not a proper shutdown, is never recommended as the "normal" way to shutdown, and you could end up losing data or with an unbootable VM if you're unlucky.

The other way (from within Ubuntu) is correct, but it appears that Virtualbox has a problem with the signals Ubuntu sends upon shutdown. Does it crash immediately after, or do you see Ubuntu beginning shutdown first? In any case, this alternative is better than the power off because Ubuntu probably gets partly shutdown.

To fix it, try updating Virtualbox and/or include vbox logs.


Ubuntu 13.10 time sync issues with VMware Player

You have to enable this feature in your vm settings. Click on vm, choose "edit vm settings", "options", "vmware tools", and check the box for "sync guest time with host time."