How to make OpenRazer to work with Razer Ornata V2 Chroma on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS?

The V2 is not supported yet on the stable branch.It has been added on the master branch and will probably be available in the next release.


activating conda environment in within a shell script

try using

source /home/ubuntu/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh

and then do

conda activate pult

Cheers!!


What command can you use to quickly find which file on your home folder containing the umask command?

The pattern in grep is placed in front of the file/path:

  grep [OPTIONS] PATTERN [FILE...]

To receive just the matching filenames instead of the matches, you should use -l option:

grep -rlw "umask" ~

If you want all matches of all files including their line number, you need to use -n instead of -l:

grep -rnw "umask" ~


How do I know whether my computer's processor is vulnerable to Meltdown and Spectre?

If you have a Core i-family processor, it's vulnerable (not sure about Core2 and late Pentium).  If you have an Atom, it's vulnerable.  If you have an ARM, it's vulnerable.  According to some reports, if you have an AMD FX or Ryzen, it's vulnerable.  The vulnerability applies to all processor families that use so-called "speculative execution" -- which includes many GPUs, as well as all current CPUs. It may not apply to older designs like Core2 or Pentium, however, as it's a relatively new capability. If you're running a Core2 or Pentium, you need to check if your CPU has that capability; otherwise, you don't -- your hardware is vulnerable.

The question you should be asking (or searching, it's been asked a number of times already in the past week) is whether your particular Ubuntu version has been or will be patched for this vulnerability.  There are no BIOS patches; what needs patching is the CPU microcode, which is applied with kernel updates, not BIOS updates.


I think you can try with the kde-config-gtk-style package:
kde-config-gtk-style:
 Configuration dialog to adapt GTK+ applications appearance to your taste
 under KDE. Among its many features, it lets you:
  - Choose which theme is used for GTK+ 2.x and GTK+ 3.x applications.
  - Tweak some GTK+ applications behaviour.
  - Select what icon theme to use in GTK+ applications.
  - Select GTK+ applications default fonts.
  - Easily browse and install new GTK+ 2.x and GTK+ 3.x themes.

Install the package with
sudo apt-get install kde-config-gtk-style

Under System Settings > Application Appearance you have a new item named "Gtk Configuration"

Finally you can change the options according to your needs. eg: themes, icons,fonts.

Hope this will be helpful.
Regards.


Let xauth(1) read it for you:
xauth list


Use proxy for transmissions on certain url?

I see several options.

Set up your program to use the proxy.  The details on how to do that differ from program to program.  Unfortunately, you don't mention which program you want to use the proxy.
Set the https_proxy environment variable for your program, hoping that it will respect it.
Transparently force it to use your proxy using either httppc, tsocks,  or proxychains, depending on the type of proxy you want to use. Unfortunately, you don't mention which type of proxy you envision to use.
Transparently force your application to use your proxy using iptables. There is description of how to achieve that on TLDP. There is also a question here. You may find mitmproxy an easier to maintain setup.


You can stop Pulseaudio using HDMI in pavucontrol.
got to Configuration tab and change profile setting to 'Off'

You can also do this with terminal command -pactl set-card-profile 0 off

I would recommend installing pavucontrol, it is best tool for checking and adjusting Pulseaudio settings. Although most Linux versions have a panel control, none that I know of show all the settings, and some do not save settings changes correctly


Cant disable permanently power management on WiFi

In Ubuntu 16.04 and above run this command to turn off power management.

sudo sed -i 's/wifi.powersave = 3/wifi.powersave = 2/' /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf

Reboot


ubuntu boot cd unable to burn on disk utility

You may have a bad iso file. Try re-downloading the iso again. To ensure that your iso downloaded correctly, check md5sum output from the Disk utility by selecting the iso file in Disk Utility, then go to the "Images" menu and select Checksum > MD5. Be sure to choose "MD5" and NOT "MD5 image checksum" or "CRC-32 image checksum", as they are not the same and will give you different results. Compare the result to the output shown below:

9fcc322536575dda5879c279f0b142d7 *ubuntu-12.04-alternate-amd64.iso
bcee4c03b704a9b62988505b7d8f3069 *ubuntu-12.04-alternate-i386.iso
128f0c16f4734c420b0185a492d92e52 *ubuntu-12.04-desktop-amd64.iso
d791352694374f1c478779f7f4447a3f *ubuntu-12.04-desktop-i386.iso
f2e921788d35bbdf0336d05d228136eb *ubuntu-12.04-server-amd64.iso
32184a83c8b5e6031e1264e5c499bc03 *ubuntu-12.04-server-i386.iso
d4aa1eb1131bacd46317dad1afc59ff6 *ubuntu-12.04-wubi-amd64.tar.xz
33452f884d1017aadde0ec468b83264c *ubuntu-12.04-wubi-i386.tar.xz
9813c75c0ef631942b4c9f989588ab85 *wubi.exe


Use many terminal tabs to install using sudo command

Only one apt command can run at a time, thats why the lock-file exists. You risk messing up the apt database or installing conflicting packages if you "force" two or more apt commands to run side by side by deleting the lock-file .. Don't do it !!


There are some android emulator available in Ubuntu but they are not as stable and usable as bluestack.

Download the SDK

wget http://dl.google.com/android/android-sdk_r10-linux_x86.tgz
tar -zvxf android-sdk_r10-linux_x86.tgz
cd android-sdk-linux_x86/

Run android manager and install an actual sdk platform

./tools/android

The go to available packages and install something like SDK Platform 2.3.3
Now go to 'virtual devices' and create a device with the 'target' set to the SDK you installed above
With the device highlighted, click 'start...' on the right hand side

If something doesnt work, you'll need to post exactly what you did and what the errors say

(this content is copied from the following website---)
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1742803

Some more instructions can be found at

http://xmodulo.com/2013/03/how-to-run-android-emulator-on-ubuntu-or-debian.html


This is an older question now but a modern FFmpeg (under Xenial Xerus and releases following this) would convert an ogv file in the following manner:

ffmpeg -i input.ogv \
       -c:v libx264 -preset veryslow -crf 22 \
       -c:a libmp3lame -qscale:a 2 -ac 2 -ar 44100 \
       output.mp4

and this should create an excellent file.

Extra Tweaks:

Some tweaks to these settings are more than possible. Here are some suggestions:

If you wanted a set bitrate for the mp3 sound you would change the setting -qscale:a 2 to the setting -b:a 196k. (Use a higher or lower value for bitrate as you wish.)
If you wanted to get a better quality video output decrease the crf setting to something like: -crf 18. Bear in mind that file size increases as the quality setting is lowered.
Sometimes players such as WMP and Quicktime have trouble with mp3 audio in an mp4 container and in these cases it is sensible to use AAC sound instead:

ffmpeg -i input.ogv \
   -c:v libx264 -preset veryslow -crf 22 \
   -c:a aac -b:a 160k -strict -2 \
   output.mp4

Newer versions of FFmpeg (i.e. released after December 5th 2015) will not need the -strict -2 option but it is still needed for Xenial Xerus...


teach apt-get to not complain about a particular package

You can use apt-mark to hold the package so that it does not get updated after you install it.  The command would be from a terminal window:

sudo apt-mark hold xpra

from the manpage for apt-mark:

   hold
       hold is used to mark a package as held back, which will prevent the
       package from being automatically installed, upgraded or removed.
       The command is only a wrapper around dpkg --set-selections and the
       state is therefore maintained by dpkg(1) and not affected by the
       --file option.

Hope this helps!


How do I fix "chdir(): No such file or directory [uwsgi.c line 1723]" on in wsgi on nginx?

The chdir error message indicates that it is trying to get a dir that doesn't exist.

It would appear from your displayed output that, that dir would either be /home/rajesh/treeio or /home/treeio/.

Given that the dir has been configured to act as a relevant django project dir, it would more likely be /home/treeio/; but that configuration may only have been specified in the uwsgi.ini that you have displayed.

Therefore, it is very likely to be in existence, and thus a permission problem, due to the fact that /home/treeio/ does not have to be in existence.


Well the flash has been simply locked by its internal mechanisma, and the manufacturer of the flash just replaced it. So step-by-step navigator follows:

I wrote the same letter to the company's support and got the answer in which they said that:

  Write protection happens to prevent data loss from a potential fault. We recommend to backup your data immediately.

And they gave me a form to fill it in, in order to create the product return and replace with the similar one:

  Place of purchase
  Date of purchase (MM/DD/YYYY)
  Do you see the letter "R" or the word "Refurb/Refurbished" at the back of the  > product?
  How was the product packaged at the time of purchase?
  Please also provide your phone number (we use this only for follow up on your case should it be needed and do not use it for other purposes)
  Physical damage (Yes/No)
  Complete address (no P.O Box please)

  Since a replacement is required, you may take it back to your place of purchase for faster service. SanDisk is happy to replace your product as well.

Then I've sent requested data by email to the manufacturer. The data are the place of purchase, date of purchase, presence of letter "R" or the word "Refurb/Refurbished" at the back of the product, kind of the product package at the time of purchase, my phone number, Presense of physical damage, and my complete address. And then they proposed me to do the following steps:

  Send your "Manyfactorer" device(s) to the address provided below via any carrier with a tracking number for proof of delivery.
  Use a regular padded tamper proof envelope.
  Please print this approval email (this page only) and put it in the envelope along with your SanDisk device.
  Please DO NOT send any accessories like headphones, cables, plastic cases, adapters etc.
  Write your RMA number ( RXxxxxxxx ) on the envelope.

So then I've moved the properly packed device to nearest depot (I've asked about it from manufacturer). In my case it was in Moscow. Russia. There was two variants to move the device to manufacturer: to bring it physycally, or to send via post. I've selected the first one. And next, after a few weeks they send me pack similar device that works. The conclusion is: don't hesistate to write to support.


Having an HTTP error 500 after migrating a website

To be more precise: the process user who runs the webservice has to have read and executable rights +rx on all files and directories from the directory root / through to /var/www/html/brainsmartsuccess.com/public_html/wp-settings.php.

With Apache Webserver the child processes are run with a non-login user, normally www, apache, nobody or such.

In the httpd.conf look for the User directive.

Therefore if the directories and files belong to another user, you would need to put the apache user in the same group (hint: ls -l ) or make the files/dirs 'other' read- and executable (chmod o+rx file/dir).

If unix file permissions are correct: do you have selinux activated? (sestatus)
Unlikely but feasible: do you have file acls activated? (You would see a mount option 'acl' in the mount.


How to modify event that occurs when a laptop is closed?

There are two GUI ways to achieve the desired result.
Description

Per Energy Saving tab: System Settings > Power Management > Energy Saving > On AC Power (or another tab) > Button Event Handling > When laptop lid closed, and choose desired action.
Setting per KDE Activity: System Settings > Power Management > Activity Settings > Your chosen Activity name, choose radio-button Use separate settings (advanced users only) and select the desired action in Button Event Handling > When laptop lid closed.

I would like to use Activity settings, because it allows to add more flexibility (of course, if you use different KDE Activities for different tasks).
Screenshots

Energy Saving tab

Activity settings


Software recommendation for a HTML Wordpress Table Generator?

You could just go to the website you linked, do "Save page as" (under the file menu in firefox), and then open the saved copy and use it offline as needed.

Another way would be to select File > Work offline (in firefox, chrome is similar), and then you can load websites you've previously visited while offline.

I tested it, and it seems to mostly work when used offline in this way.


Ubuntu 12.10 grahical issues when dual booting with OS X, Mac OS X left unbootable

Ok so there is an OSX entry. Have you tried selecting the OS X entry instead of the Ubuntu/Linux entry (using the arrow keys)? What happens then? UPDATE: Yes you have, but you get an error, you have updated that in your question

Update 1

Ok so from your updates it looks like you've made some progress; I'm relieved that you didn't wipe out your OS X partition! Also, putting rEFIt on is great as well. Could you specify (a) what MacBook Pro model you have (something like 6,2 or Mid 2010 which can be found by going to the upper left hand corner, clicking the Apple, click About This Mac >> More Info, and there it will say something like "Mid 2010') and (b) what version of Ubuntu?

If you can't solve your graphics problem (I would try googling it), then best bet would be to reinstall Ubuntu. I can help with specific install instructions for Mac, if you want. I've done this quite a few times. One thing - the Graphics problem might be because of what model your Mac is / if you installed it with EFI or BIOS support. Did you use the normal Ubuntu install disk, or the special Macintosh one?

I always use the Non-Mac version. The Normal version. I would advise that you do as well. It appears on the Ubuntu Apple hardware page (help.ubuntu.com/community/MacBookPro7-1/Quantal) that your 7,1 is supported quite well under 12.10. I would wipe out Ubuntu and then reinstall it and see how it goes.

Update 2

You say:

  I've run into a couple roadblocks. 1. I went into disk utility and attempted to remove both the main Ubuntu partition and its swap. The swap refuses to be removed. 2. I somehow removed my Recovery Partition, is there any way to get this back? 3. Is there something else I should do to uninstall? rEFIt still has Ubuntu as an option (this may go away once I get rid of the swap)

Alright...

I don't know why Disk Utility won't remove the swap partition. Just to clarify, you open Disk Utility, select your hard drive in the left-hand pane, then click on the "Partition" Tab, then select the Swap partition (whatever you named it) in the little graphic / table describing all your partitions on that drive (NOT in the left hand pane) under the title "Partition Layout" and click the small "-" button below the graphic / table and follow the prompts? Please give the error you receive if this doesn't work.
I, too, have accidentally removed my recovery partition. Bummer. The only (safe) way to recreate the partition (or any way that I trust; you can Google the problem, but some of the ways online with custom scripts from other people seem a little sketchy) is to reinstall Mac OS X. This is actually not as bad as you think; you need to re-download your version of OS X (I assume Lion or Mountain Lion) from the Mac App Store, rerun the install. All your files and configs will be the same. Make sure you wipe out all the partitions after your main Mac one, though, first (including swap).

Then your recovery partition will be back where it started. Then you can reinstall Ubuntu. Also, when installing, at least when I installed Ubuntu 12.04 on my Mac, I did not use a swap partition. Typically 4GB is enough (default on Macs, maybe you have 8?) You can later create a Swap file which acts like swap but is just a file on disk in Ubuntu. I'm adding an Answer with all the info in the comments, which I'll update as your problem progresses. Having no Swap removes some added complexity to everything.


Do I need to install Flash using Wine as well?

Yes, your program requires the Flash ActiveX (ocx) component, so you will have to install it within Wine as well.

In general, if a program running under Wine requires anything beyond the basic (built-in) Windows libraries, which are provided by Wine itself, you will need to download and install them separately under Wine. This includes Java, .NET, Flash, etc.


It should be this:

total 108
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Aug  8 19:16 bin
drwxr-xr-x   5 root root  4096 Aug 10 08:53 boot
drwxr-xr-x   4 root root  4096 May 17 09:39 BootInfo
drwxr-xr-x   4 root root  4096 May 17 09:26 boot-sav
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 May 12 18:54 cdrom
drwxr-xr-x  18 root root  4600 Aug 12 19:18 dev
drwxr-xr-x 182 root root 12288 Aug 12 08:29 etc
drwxr-xr-x   4 root root  4096 Jul 26 11:33 home
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    33 Aug 10 08:52 initrd.img -> boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-33-generic
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    33 Jul 10 19:32 initrd.img.old -> boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-32-generic
drwxr-xr-x  27 root root  4096 Aug  5 19:34 lib
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Aug  5 19:33 lib32
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Aug  5 19:34 lib64
drwx------   2 root root 16384 May 12 18:49 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root  4096 May 12 20:59 media
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Apr 19  2012 mnt
drwxr-xr-x  10 root root  4096 Aug  1 10:38 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 418 root root     0 Aug 12 08:26 proc
drwx------  12 root root  4096 Aug 11 21:35 root
drwxr-xr-x  29 root root   920 Aug 12 11:08 run
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 12288 Aug  8 19:15 sbin
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Aug 20  2013 srv
dr-xr-xr-x  13 root root     0 Aug 12 08:26 sys
drwxrwxrwt  15 root root  4096 Aug 12 22:09 tmp
drwxr-xr-x  13 root root  4096 Aug  5 16:32 usr
drwxr-xr-x  15 root root  4096 May 30 14:53 var
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    30 Aug 10 08:52 vmlinuz -> boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-33-generic
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root    30 Jul 10 19:32 vmlinuz.old -> boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-32-generic

I haven't, as far as I know, modified them in any way.


So if in Audio, Output you click on your HDMI output, you can't test it at all?

Try having a look here

even if the link is for a different version, the problme stills the same.
have a look the the first of comments about the command line to call the kernel..


I had the same problem. I re-installed every dependency using

sudo apt-get install libboost-math-dev libboost-program-options-dev libboost-random-dev
     libboost-test-dev libxml2-dev liblapack-dev libblas-dev libarmadillo-dev

Inside the mlpack folder:
execute following command

mkdir build
cd build
cmake ../
makes
sudo make install

After that to run executables set the path using this Link.....
Worked for me.


How can I install the LiveDVD in inside Windows (VMWare)?

Simply use the 32bit DVD inside VMWare (as Sakjur) suggested. You can also try Virtualbox and enable 64bit CPU emulation (if your processor supports VT-x).


I decided to switch to a new vivid kernel, which is default in the case of a clean installation for Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS:

sudo apt-get install linux-signed-generic-lts-vivid

in my case, cause have UEFI BIOS and

sudo apt-get install linux-generic-lts-vivid

in case of legacy BIOS.

Utopic kernels can be removed.


How do I debug openstack-install command?

I believe the logfile name is printed out on the last line of output when running the command.

~/.cloud-install/commands.log

Also see these tips.


17.04 - Duplicates icons on Desktop since last kernel release 4.10.0-24-generic

This may work for you:

-> gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons false

See:

 https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2286043

Kind regards.


Cant use apt-get upgrade after force quitting software updater

Do a reboot. Then wen started asnew run from terminal (ctrl+alt+t).

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt-get upgrade


How can I remove picture metadata like in Windows 7?

Some options.

With exif:

sudo apt-get install exif
cd to/folder/
exif --remove *

With exiftran:

sudo apt-get install exiftran
cd to/folder/
exiftran -d *

With jhead:

sudo apt-get install jhead
cd to/folder/
jhead -purejpg *

With exiv2 (for multiple formats support):

sudo apt-get install exiv2
cd to/folder/
exiv2 rm *


Please explain what does following command mean:

awk splits input record into fields, and uses the Field Separator (FS) to do so. The -F option is used to set FS. When FS is multiple characters long, it is treated as a regular expression.

In this case, FS is [ ()+:]+:

[...], called a bracket expression, is used to match one of many characters. [ ()+:] means any one of the space, either parenthesis, + or : characters.
+ after a character or a bracket expression, etc., matches one or more of that character, expression, etc.

So, the pattern means one or more of any of space, either parenthesis, plus or colon.

Splitting into fields using this expression, you'll see that:

) ending the line means the last field is empty
1+10:31 and 00:02 both split so that the second and third last fields are the hour and minute, since + and : are both used to separate fields.


This is no longer possible, unfortunately. See the U1 post on the subject.


How to enable kernel configs "CONFIG_POWERCAP" and "CONFIG_INTEL_RAPL" in Ubuntu 16.04 kernel

For Ubuntu kernels you will find that CONFIG_POWERCAP is set to yes, and CONFIG_INTEL_RAPL is set to module, so what you want is already included.

One way to check is to grep each config from the kernel configuration file:

doug@s15:~/temp-k-git/linux$ grep CONFIG_POWERCAP /boot/config-4.4.0-141-generic
CONFIG_POWERCAP=y
doug@s15:~/temp-k-git/linux$ grep CONFIG_INTEL_RAPL /boot/config-4.4.0-141-generic
CONFIG_INTEL_RAPL=m

That you do not have the sub-directories in /sys/class/powercap suggests that your particular Intel processor doesn't have rapl support. However, that link you gave also doesn't seem to work the way they say (I'm not looking into that).

A very good tool for monitoring lots of things with Intel processors (and I think it works now on some AMD procoessors) is turbostat (linu-tools-common package). Example, monitoring processor package power and temperature:

doug@s15:~/temp-k-git/linux$ sudo turbostat --Summary --quiet --show PkgTmp,PkgWatt --interval 15
PkgTmp  PkgWatt
25      3.70
25      3.69

However, one can also access the MSRs (Machine Specific Registers) directly if the msr module is loaded (which turbostat loads, or do sudo mpdprobe msr) For example the below script monitors processor package temperature and each core temperature and the CPU frequency:

#! /bin/dash
#
# temp_mon5 Smythies 2019.01.20
#       package and all cores.
#
# temp_mon4 Smythies 2018.07.24
#       try 0x19c as the temp MSR.
#       was 0x1b1
#
# temp_mon3 Smythies 2016.10.05
#       a simplified version of temp_mon2,
#       for monitoring temp.
#       Note: it is on purpose that -a is not used.
#       Also CPU0 frequency (1 is good enough, when all
#       are loaded).
#
# temp_mon2 Smythies 2016.09.29
#       Monitor Package temperatures.
#       Use clock modulation to control temps.
#       i.e. simulate the second to last level
#       of defense.
#       Use simple primatives.
#       run as sudo
#       hardcoded for my tcc of 98 degrees.
#
echo ... begin package temperature monitoring ...

#
# In case I forgot (which I often do)

modprobe msr

#
# first let the drastic effect of the sudo command decay
# Done later in temp_mon3.

#
# some stuff

COMMANDP="/usr/sbin/rdmsr --bitfield 22:16 -u 0x1B1"
COMMAND0="/usr/sbin/rdmsr --bitfield 22:16 -u --processor 0 0x19C"
COMMAND1="/usr/sbin/rdmsr --bitfield 22:16 -u --processor 1 0x19C"
COMMAND2="/usr/sbin/rdmsr --bitfield 22:16 -u --processor 2 0x19C"
COMMAND3="/usr/sbin/rdmsr --bitfield 22:16 -u --processor 3 0x19C"
COMMANDF="cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/policy0/scaling_cur_freq"

#
# then get on with it

while [ 1 ];do
  sleep 15
  CPU0_FREQ=$(eval $COMMANDF)
  TEMP_RAWP=$(eval $COMMANDP)
  TEMP_RAW0=$(eval $COMMAND0)
  TEMP_RAW1=$(eval $COMMAND1)
  TEMP_RAW2=$(eval $COMMAND2)
  TEMP_RAW3=$(eval $COMMAND3)
  TEMP_ACTP=$((98-TEMP_RAWP))
  TEMP_ACT0=$((98-TEMP_RAW0))
  TEMP_ACT1=$((98-TEMP_RAW1))
  TEMP_ACT2=$((98-TEMP_RAW2))
  TEMP_ACT3=$((98-TEMP_RAW3))
  echo "$TEMP_ACTP  $TEMP_ACT0  $TEMP_ACT1  $TEMP_ACT2  $TEMP_ACT3   $CPU0_FREQ"
done

Example output:

doug@s15:~/temp-k-git/linux$ sudo /home/doug/temp2/temp_mon5
... begin package temperature monitoring ...
29  30  30  28  30   1605277
29  28  30  28  29   1605281
30  30  30  28  30   1605248
29  29  30  29  31   1605112
29  30  30  28  30   1605266
29  29  30  29  30   1605359
31  30  30  27  30   1605199
29  30  30  28  29   1605202
30  29  31  27  29   1605042
29  30  30  27  30   1605312
29  30  30  28  31   1605262
29  29  30  29  30   1605304


In classic, hit Alt+F2 to bring up the run dialog. Then type gnome-panel.

If that doesn't work, try typing gnome-panel into a terminal. Then update your question with the error message(s) displayed.


Ubuntu 12.04, forced into low graphics mode, "Server is already active for display 0"

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -d install --reinstall gdm
sudo apt-get remove --purge gdm
sudo apt-get install gdm

choose gdm when prompted

sudo reboot


It cat mean that your cd/dvd is damaged.

You can try to install it from usb flash. You can make it from windows too.


Literally can't install ubuntu on my laptop :(((((((

Run this command on CMD as a administrator
bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi ( it worked on Windows 10 i hope i t could work on your XP )
this enables grub bootloader and also Ubuntu is too much for the machine to handle friend, as David suggested try lubuntu it is much lighter.


Here is my solution

# Install the libavcodec-extra package using apt-get package manager.

$ sudo apt-get install libavcodec-extra-56

Verify the location of libavcodec.so.54 file path.

$locate libavcodec.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libavcodec.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libavcodec.so.56
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libavcodec.so.56.1.0

Create a new ldconfig file with proper path to the shared library.

$ sudo nano /etc/ld.so.conf.d/blender.conf

Add the following line in the file.

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/

Rerun ldconf

$ sudo ldconf

Start blender normally.

$ blender

https://playingwithsid.blogspot.com/2016/08/blender-missing-shared-library-gotcha.html


How can I Install Nvidia Driver GT 520 and Cuda 5.0 in Ubuntu13.04?

This description is working with hybrid-cards of nvidia, who contains CUDA chipset (additionally in some cases with 'Optimus'-feature) like those with letter 'M' as graphics-cards for notebooks.

no question - linux-headers have to be installed first suiting to your installed kernel.

in case of hybrid-chipsets like CUDA with Optimus this following package might NOT
work entirely :

NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-310.51.run

you instead should try this package:

  NVIDIA_CUDA_SDK_1.1_Beta_Linux.run

You can download it here:

  http://www.nvidia.de/object/cuda_1_1_beta.html

In this example the 1 year old graphics hypbrid chipset with GeForce 540M CUDA Optimus (notebooks) - CUDA_SDK_1.1_Beta is working quite good ...

On desktop in terminal one first needs to do:

  export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/cuda/bin

  and on 32-bit-machines this:

  export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/lib/nvidia-current:/usr/lib32/nvidia- current

  but on 64-bit-machines this:

  export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/cuda/lib:/usr/local/cuda/lib64

I have kernel 3.9.0 and after:

Strg-Alt-F1 (use Ctrl instead of Strg on most non-German keyboards)

  apt-get update

then it depends on your system what works better:

either this package for 32-bit:

  apt-get install nvidia-current

or either this package for 64-bit:

  apt-get install nvidia-current-updates

(never mix these both packages !)

I simply went out of x:0 with looking for x-window processes (gdm, lightdm, xdm, kdm and else ... ) with top and then ended all concerning x:0-processes with killing them manually:

(in protected mode resp. Strg-Alt-F1)

  kill -9 PID number-of-PID

( this works more explicitly than xdm stop, gdm stop or kdm stop resp. lightdm stop and commands like init or telinit are not to recommend here in 12.10 - I write this here, because in many tutorials regarding nvidia these stopping commands are always told )

Then finally I simply ran off that package:

./NVIDIA_CUDA_SDK_1.1_Beta_Linux.run

when finish do not forget then:

 gdm start
 kdm start
 lightdm start

following is necessary in case of geforce-cards with cuda-optimus:

back to desktop with:

Strg-Alt-F7

there type into terminal

  sudo add-apt repository ppa:bumblebee/stable

  sudo apt-get update

  sudo apt-get install --reinstall bumblebee virtualgl linux-headers-generic

(otherwise installation of cuda-sdk-package has no effect)

  sudo reboot

now you should have wobbly graphics best working with compiz and cairo-dock and icon-fusion !!!

(remark: later after installing kernel 3.10 - Nvidia-driver CUDA-SDK-1.1 was accepted
by 3.10 without further problems)


I have a recovery partition that is at the end of my drive 30GB that I use to back up to with clonezilla, which is on a bootable USB stick.

If I'm about to start anything that I've never tried before, I back up my EFI, ROOT and HOME partitions. Clonezilla does a clone of your partition excluding the spaces, so it will clone from 200GB of partitions down to a 6GB backup.

This allows you to become a LOT more adventurous as there is always a safety net.


How can I upgrade my Ubuntu 10.10 to 12.04?

Upgrading from one version of Ubuntu to another is called a distribution upgrade. It's a fairly simple process. There are only three rules:

You can only jump one revision at a time (X.04 to X.10 or X.10 to (X+1).04)
You can break the above rule by jumping from an LTS to an LTS (X.04 to (X+2).04)
You can not go backwards.

To perform the process, you can follow this guide, but it's the same for all versions of Ubuntu.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install update-manager-core
sudo vi /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades
# ensure it reads: Prompt=normal
sudo do-release-upgrade

Wait

Reboot

Done.


How to remove Open with menu items from Nautilus after Wine is deleted?

Remove the corresponding .desktop files from ~/.local/share/applications where ~ is your home directory.


Slow shutdown on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Stopping thermal daemon/running fit make remote CUPS printers)

I found that the daemon responsible for the CUPS remote printers is the cups-browsed service.

When shutting down, it has a time out of 1m 30s. Stopping this service causes the shutdown process to take only few seconds.

I disabled it using this command line on Ubuntu GNOME 16.04:

sudo systemctl disable cups-browsed.service

And my shutdown process ends in a few seconds.

I got the idea from this Ask Ubuntu answer


Dual Boot Windows 8 and Ubuntu Ideapad Y400

Try running the Boot Repair tool. If that doesn't help, post the URL to the summary data that the tool provides to you.


Windows 8 doesn't boot after installing Ubuntu 12.04

Try to reboot and enter in your BIOS boot options. If you can see some kind of Windows 8 boot option then select it to boot and it should load your Windows 8.

PS: Mine works just as I said above :)


No speex packages for freeswitch building on Ubuntu

You need to install libspeex-dev

sudo apt-get install libspeex-dev

So, you will have below result :

saman@jack:~$ dpkg -l *speex*
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name           Version      Architecture Description
+++-==============-============-============-=================================
ii  libspeex-dev:a 1.2~rc1.1-1u amd64        The Speex codec library developme
ii  libspeex1:amd6 1.2~rc1.1-1u amd64        The Speex codec runtime library
ii  libspeexdsp1:a 1.2~rc1.1-1u amd64        The Speex extended runtime librar
un  speex          <none>       <none>       (no description available)


Add node to existing landscape openstack

Update March 7, 2017

Landscape now supports adding a storage/compute node to a running cloud.  You can do this through the UI after your cloud is deployed on the Openstack Dashboard.

If you want to know what happens under the covers

Juju underneath supports expanding capacity of services and the nova compute charm also supports expanding capacity, that said, you could run into issues doing this, and it's entirely unsupported, dirty, messy and all that.  I would not recommend trying it if you are using the deployed cloud for anything live.

Similar to this question, you need to get access to the underlying openstack juju environment first.  After you do that:

# check that everything looks right, you should see a lot of openstack
# services displayed to your screen.
juju status

# Expand compute capacity onto a named node
juju add-unit --to <name-in-maas>.<domain-in-maas> nova-compute

# Or Expand capacity to any free node in maas (note this will not
# check that capacity exists before running, you need to do that
# first)
juju add-unit nova-compute

When the autopilot supports doing this, things will be done in a different way as there are considerations I'm not going into (how to expand storage, how to expand admin services, how to monitor things, etc), but you going in and modifying the environment yourself is of course always an option.  It's your hardware, afterall.

BTW, I would recommend reading more on Juju and the way it models services.  This will be a good starting point:

https://jujucharms.com/docs/stable/charms


Clipboard Manager for Ubuntu 16.04, 18.04

Clipit is the best among all.

sudo apt-get install clipit

Launch it, one icon will appear on top right where you can choose one of your clipboards.


This isn't a Qtile issue so much as a problem with your Xorg configuration. You probably want to look up xorg multi monitor <your GPU brand> for more information. For example, my setup which uses an NVIDIA gpu has this in my /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/nvidia.conf file (partially generated by nvidia-settings program):
Section "Screen"
...
    Option  "metamodes" "DP-0: nvidia-auto-select +1920+0 {AllowGSYNCCompatible=On}, DP-2: 1920x1080_144 +0+540"
...

The +1920+0 and +0+540 parts set absolute coordinates of where the monitors are relative to each other.


Can foxpro Dos application runs in Ubuntu

Try DOSEMU (package dosemu, not installed by default).

As far as I know DOSEMU can redirect print jobs from LPT to the Linux printer spooler so you probably don't need DOS2USB


Can't install Oracle J2EE due to "An internal Error has occurred"

For your information: To install J2EE and Glassfish, we can use the Open Source version (Community Server): http://glassfish.java.net/
Just download and start it. It works!


Since you said that a screenshot shows normal colors, it is most likely a hardware problem.
I would suggest testing on multiply machines to determine if its

your machine's graphic card

the cable
or

the monitor

Though, I think it's the cable, try changing it.


Just create a new USB stick with the Ubuntu version you want to use and boot from that stick. The installer has an option to install Ubuntu using the whole disk. Using that option will automatically format your hard drive, thus removing the old installation of Ubuntu.

Warning: Make sure to backup any files you want to keep, since your home directory will be gone afterwards, too.


dell 5537 Touchpad not working (Ubuntu 14.04)

found the solution myself.  this was helpful. it turned out that psmouse missed some options on loading. Also, I found out that packages xserver-xorg-input-synaptics and gpointing-device-settings were missing. I installed them

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-synaptics gpointing-device-settings

now I can configure my touchpad from GUI.

everything works now so please mark this as solved


How to raise user notifications in Ubuntu using java code?

You can use java-gnome, a java binding for GTK and GNOME to display notify-osd notifications. You'll need to install the library first:

sudo apt-get install libjava-gnome-java libjava-gnome-java-doc

Here is a quick example:

import org.gnome.gtk.Gtk;
import org.gnome.notify.Notification;
import org.gnome.notify.Notify;

public class notifyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Gtk.init(args); // initialize Gtk
        Notify.init("Program Name"); // initalize the notification system

        Notification myNotification = new Notification("Hello world!", "This is an example notification.", "dialog-information"); // create the notification object
        myNotification.show(); // show the notification

    }

}

The general format for a notification is this:

Notification someName = new Notification("Summary", "Body", "Icon")

Both the body and icon fields can be null, but there must be a summary. For a list of icons you can use by default check the Notify-OSD page of the Ubuntu Wiki.

You then call:

someName.show();

To display the notification. For more information see the java-gnome Notify and Notification doc pages.

  Note: You must have both Gtk and Notify initialized before you can send any notifications.


I'd suggest that you install the package apt-transport-tor. This allows you to download packages anonymously.


Where is my ruby installed when i install through RVM?

If you execute

  rvm info

on your command line, you will get all the information about where certain things are. Your ruby executable you currently use will be shown under binaries.

You should also consult http://rvm.io/integration/passenger for more information how to integrate rvm and passenger.


Xorg crashes randomly when playing flash video

It's this bug:

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-graphics-drivers/+bug/973096

Please log into Launchpad and mark the bug as affecting you too.


Not in proper 20.04 for many reasons in the SRU policy making this impossible.
But sometimes (if features are needed) the UCA has new builds.
And then there is the independent server-backports which exists exactly for a need like yours - to backport the latest Ubuntu virt-stack (and other things) to the two last LTS releases 20.04/18.04.


This is My windows 7 loader:

menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)" {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ntfs
set root='(hd0,msdos1)'
chainloader +1
}

This should work If you copy and paste it, but I dont think you should put it in your menu.lst file. It should go in /etc/grub.d/40_custom


Epiphany/Gnome Web applications not showing now it is a snap install in 20.04

You've installed the snap version (either by command, or using a Ubuntu Software and not carefully selecting the non-snap'd version)
1. remove the snap
snap remove epiphany
this will remove
guiverc@d960-ubu2:~$   snap search epiphany
Name      Version               Publisher  Notes  Summary
epiphany  3.34.4-1-g606db9aec9  jbicha     -      Web browser for GNOME

or the version you mention - https://snapcraft.io/epiphany
2. install the standard deb package
sudo apt install epiphany-browser
this will install
guiverc@d960-ubu2:~$   apt-cache search epiphany-browser
epiphany-browser - Intuitive GNOME web browser
epiphany-browser-data - Data files for the GNOME web browser

or https://packages.ubuntu.com/focal-updates/epiphany-browser


Not enough components to start the RAID array?

WD MyBooks use mdadm. It's a SoftRAID toolkit. I don't know why they use it in single-drive setups but there you go.

I'm guessing some bits here. I don't have one but I just want you to know: what I suggest may destroy your data. I really hope it doesn't but don't take any warranty from this post. I'm sure you have a backup ;)

sudo apt-get install mdadm

That will install mdadm (obviously) but it'll also ask to install postfix (if that isn't installed anyway). Just set it up with the default options.

Now you might be able to open up Disk Utility (palimpsest) and click Run Array. You might not.

If you can't, note the partition number for that drive (something like /dev/sdg1) and lets continue manually:

sudo mdadm --assemble --scan
# might work - it'll add a /dev/mdX device if it does

sudo mdadm --assemble --run /dev/md0 /dev/sdg1
# obviously sub in the right partition numbering

Assuming that goes well, you just need to mount the array now. You should be able to do this from nautilus' sidebar, or palimpsest, or manually:

sudo mkdir /media/raiddisk
sudo chmod 777 /media/raiddisk
sudo mount /dev/md0 /media/raiddisk


website shows apache default page while IP address shows correct content

Change the open tag of your Virtual Host definition from: <VirtualHost 97.107.137.168:80> to <VirtualHost *:80>. (Similar issue.)

If you want to access your site through http://localhost add the following directive:

ServerAlias localhost

Then restart Apache2.

I think the next shouldn't be required, but if there is till any problem with access the site through http://localhost (or through the IP address)  add the following line to /etc/hosts:

97.107.137.168 localhost


Here is a support page for someone else with the same exact problem. Apparently this problem might be a limitation of the NUC8 hardware.

  "System manufacturers have discretion when designing their systems as to how many DisplayPort video lanes are routed to each Thunderbolt 3 port. If there are two DisplayPort lanes routed to the port, then two displays are possible via a Thunderbolt 3 device. If only one DisplayPort lane is routed to the port, then only one display is possible via a Thunderbolt 3 device."

Edit: added quote


Wireless is blocked by the ideapad_laptop module. You can disable it by running

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ideapad.conf <<< "blacklist ideapad_laptop"

Reboot to apply.


How do I install Tor Onion Browser on Ubuntu 16.04?

Try this link: https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-install-tor-browser-in-ubuntu-18-04-bionic-beaver-linux . It is about installing Tor browser in Ubuntu 18.04.

  Download Tor Browser

  The first step is to head over to the official Tor
  Browser
  website and download the latest Linux Tor Browser package and the relevant
  *.asc signature.

  Please be aware that the Tor project is often a target for hackers and
  DDOS attacks. For this reason we are now going to check for correct
  signing signatures of our downloaded Tor Browser package.

  Assuming that you have downloaded the tor browser package and
  signatures to your /~Downloads directory first import "Tor Browser
  Developers" signing key. Execute the below command:

gpg --keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys D1483FA6C3C07136
gpg: key 4E2C6E8793298290: public key "Tor Browser Developers (signing key) " imported
gpg: no ultimately trusted keys found
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg:               imported: 1

  Navigate to the Downloads directory and confirm that both Tor Browser
  package and its signature are present:

ls
tor-browser-linux64-7.5_en-US.tar.xz  tor-browser-linux64-7.5_en-US.tar.xz.asc

  Next verify the signature of the Tor Browser package:

gpg --verify tor-browser-linux64-7.5_en-US.tar.xz.asc tor-browser-linux64-7.5_en-US.tar.xz
gpg: Signature made Tue 23 Jan 2018 11:50:13 AEDT
gpg:                using RSA key D1483FA6C3C07136
gpg: Good signature from "Tor Browser Developers (signing key) " [unknown]
gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
Primary key fingerprint: EF6E 286D DA85 EA2A 4BA7  DE68 4E2C 6E87 9329 8290
     Subkey fingerprint: A430 0A6B C93C 0877 A445  1486 D148 3FA6 C3C0 7136

  Tor Browser signature verification

  Check for a good signature from "Tor Browser Developers" text on line 4 of the
  above screenshot. All seems to be in order!

  Extract Tor Browser

  Still in the Downloads directory, extract the Tor Browser package into
  a root of your home directory:newly

tar xJpf tor-browser-linux64-7.5_en-US.tar.xz -C ~/

  Start Tor Browser

  To start the Tor Browser on your Ubuntu, change directories to your home
  directory and navigate to the newly extracted tor-browser directory
  using the cd command:

cd
cd tor-browser_en-US/

  From here start Tor Browser:

./start-tor-browser.desktop

  Alternatively register Tor Browser as a local application, thus
  create an icon shortcut accessible via the Applications launcher:

./start-tor-browser.desktop --register-app

  Start Tor Browser on Ubuntu 18.04

  Wait for the Tor Browser to connect to a Tor network.

  Click Test Tor Network Settings link to perform Tor Browser test.

  If the IP address you see is not your private external IP address then you are good to go to browse privately!


here are the steps to solve your isue :

open up "drives" from the start menu, once opened the app looks like this (my system is in French) :

you can go to the gear wheels of the drive you want mounted every boot and from that menu select "Modify Mount Options"

and select "mount at startup" :


As stated in the manpage, the primary use of touch is this:

  Update  the  access  and modification times of each FILE to the
  current time.

So it updates the access and modification times of the directory.


Trying to use this command "sudo apt-get update"...but getting GPG error

Did you run the following commands?

sudo sh -c "wget -O - http://dl.openfoam.org/gpg.key | apt-key add -"
sudo add-apt-repository http://dl.openfoam.org/ubuntu


When I mute or unmute in alsamixer, the speaker pop a little bit - by which i think indicates some changes, but I still can't hear anything

Change profile in PulseAudio app to Analogue Stereo Ouput. That'll do.


How to open scripts from Second Life viewer into console vim

Okay, I guess the instructions that I read for vim server were not accurate. After digging a bit more into it, I found a line that works.
I Initialized a vim server with the following command in terminal:

vim --servername LSLEditor

And then in the Second Life viewer external editor text I put:

/usr/bin/X11/vim --servername LSLEditor --remote-tab "%s"

Since this answer is more directed to Second Life I will Change the title so if someone else wants to do the same, they can find the answer here.


it looks to me like a few gnome desktop elements made its way through kde.

first off, you should follow the link for the "possible duplicate of..." above, as the old config might fix kde

otherwise, if you don't need gnome anymore, you could try removing it from dah package manager or with sudo apt-get remove gnome..

you also may want to check your auto-starting apps and make sure they are the kde varients, sometimes when you use gnome and lxde based apps, they start to leak their desktop elements with it :O


Not bootable Ubuntu 16 LTS after install along with windows 8.1 64 bit OS

Seems to me that the Fast Boot option in Windows 8.1 is probably still enabled (which would just make your computer boot into Windows 8.1).

Do you get to the GRUB menu where you can select which OS to start, or are you using something else as a boot manager?

If disabling the Fast Boot option doesn't help, could you boot up Ubuntu from a USB stick and check with gparted if you have the correct partitions?


It seems like the default window manager in ubuntu 11.10 is compiz and that it doesnt support panning viewports.  Because its interaction model is tied to workspaces and switching between them I think.


Dual boot win 10 home/ubuntu: Restore windows 10

My solution to this was install Ubuntu on an external drive, and booting Ubuntu every time I needed it. Today I have one machine to each system.


Cannot log into my Ubuntu 12.04 user account

I figured it out. From the guest account I couldn't create a new account using the terminal but, surprisingly, it works from the GUI (System Settings > User Accounts). I created a new administrator account. Then opened a terminal from there and typed

su <username>

Here <username> is the user account that I couldn't log in to. After entering my password, I was able to mount my data and transfer them. Not only that but after deleting the .Xauthority file I could log in to my account normally like before. So, problem solved. :-)


Ubuntu Release Calendar, is it maintained?

The Raring Ringtail schedule is available here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RaringRingtail/ReleaseSchedule

The overall release schedule roster is available here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ReleaseSchedule

Maintenance is occurring as the Ringtail schedule was last updated by Dave Walker on March 7th and the overall schedule roster need not be updated until May 2013 at the earliest.  The calendar on the Wiki infrastructure is authoritative.  The former release manager Kate Stewart, during the course of her employment at Canonical, appears to have maintained that calendar herself but since she is no longer employed by Canonical that calendar is no longer maintained


how to switch to unity software center from gnome software center in ubuntu 16.04

There is no Unity Software Center.  Ubuntu 16.04 uses gnome-software (alias ubuntu-software).  You could install software-center:

$ sudo apt install software-center

Then you will have an option of running ubuntu-software or software-center when you type software center in the Ubuntu dash.

software-center was the default installation before Ubuntu 16.04.  You can choose which will load by default from the file browse by right clicking on a *.deb' file and choosing your preference for opening a the*.deb` package.

From your file browser:

Right Click [the *.deb file] -> click Properties -> click Open With -> select [Your Software Installer choice] -> click Set as Default


Is the Disk Image Installation Efficient Enough?

Looks like it's not efficient as the intallation still uses a single windows file to store all the stuffs, which surely is not efficient.


In ubuntu14.04LTS microphone not working

sudo sed -i 's/^Exec=.*/Exec=env PULSE_LATENCY_MSEC=30 skype %U/' /usr/share/applications/skype.desktop

http://www.webupd8.org/2013/10/get-sound-working-in-skype-with-ubuntu.html

The command above replaces "skype" from the Skype desktop file with "env PULSE_LATENCY_MSEC=30 skype", this being a work-around for getting Skype to work with PulseAudio 4.0.
If you want to launch Skype from a script or add it to Startup Applications, use the following command: "env PULSE_LATENCY_MSEC=30 skype" instead of "skype".


Firefox/Thunderbird "Personas" do not cover window decorations

No, and it doesn't mean to do this. Chrome uses a hard-coded window decoration for it-self which is not rational in GNU/Linux world


How to use the FingerPrint Sensor of my HP Envy-15 in Ubuntu 16.04?

Click on the launcher Dash button, and find the "Software Updater", launch it.  At the bottom left of the window, click on the "Settings" button.  Under the first Tab, "Ubuntu Software" make sure the community-maintained free and open-source software (universe) is checked.  The package list will update if a change was made, and you can then install the package fprintd. Or in a terminal:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install fprintd

Read the man page for instructions on running it.

man fprintd

The synopsis is:
       fprintd-enroll [username]
       fprintd-list username [usernames...]
       fprintd-verify [-f finger] [usename]
       fprintd-delete username [usernames...]
The first thing to do is enroll your username.  example:
fprintd-enroll -f right-index-finger myusername

There is another package with "fingerprint" in the name which is more gui related, but seems to have more problems than fprintd.  Even fprintd has problems recognizing prints, and even if it does, you stil have the issue of it not being able to open the keyring, so you will still need to type in the password to access that (like for email).  Didn't save me any time, so I finally just removed it.


An application launched from script has no icon

In these "indirect" cases, you have to tell the desktop file what application it is connected to:

Add a line to your .desktop file, like:

StartupWMClass=[your_application] (the binary file in this case)

also pointed out here.


This is intentional. Most of time the users don't want to accidentally match the hidden files that are invisible for ls (without -a). Usually, files are hidden for a reason, not just to troll you. Also, if * would match hidden files, matching non hidden files would be too tricky.

However, unlike bash shopt -s dotglob is not needed to match hidden files. In bash, shopt -s dotglob is the only way of matching every file in the directory without accidentally matching . or ... However, fish shell can never match . or .. with globs, therefore that's not an issue (if you seriously need to match . or .. for some silly reason, just say them explicitly). Besides, fish tries to avoid having options by design, so it doesn't have dotglob.

To match every single file in the directory, you may want to use bracket expansion to detect files starting with dots, and those which aren't. {.,} is bracket expansion which matches dot that may or may not exist. The star after it matches everything. Because globs in fish cannot match . or .., the following code matches everything except for those two directories (which bash sadly matches, if you use the code below)

cat {.,}*


Welcome to the Linux community and Ask Ubuntu! This is one of the newbie mistakes that I know I've made in the past, and it's a rather easy one to fix. Just make sure to use sudo  before the command to avoid this error. For example:

sudo apt-get update

Then it will prompt you for your password. Don't be worried when you type in your password and nothing shows up. Just press enter, and if you entered it correctly, the command will run just fine.

Explanation: Certain functions, like package management, require you to be root. sudo is one of the ways to get root access. All it requires is for you to have administrator rights - I'm assuming you do since you installed Ubuntu yourself. If you're not sure, just run groups in the terminal, and if it lists the sudo group, you have administrator rights and can use sudo.

However, with great power comes great responsibility. Don't use sudo unless you are absolutely sure that you need root access. Package management is one of the few times you'll need this. Another example is if you're editing system configuration files under /etc (although I'm certain you're not on that level yet).

This should give you plenty of information so you know what this weird sudo thing is for. If you need anything else, just ask. I will be glad to help.


Wirless stopped working in ubuntu 13.10 on hp pavillion dv6000

To remove hardblocked,you have to turn on the wifi switch.Try to find the wifi hardware switch to turn on wifi.After turn on the wifi hardware switch then run the below command to remove softblock,

sudo rfkill unblock wlan


wine: Depends wine1.6 or wine1.8 but it is not going to be installed, you have held broken packages

I am using Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (64-bit) and encountered the same error, "E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages." while trying to install mysql-workbench.

I solved the problem by doing the following:

  sudo apt autoremove (remove packages that are no longer needed)
  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get install package-name (e.g. wine, mysql-workbench, etc.)

Hope it works for you.


Multiple Configuration fix for Opera Browser

The configurations are going to be in ~/.config/opera. I would purge everything and start over (from the terminal):

sudo apt-get purge opera
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list/opera-stable.list
sudo apt-get update
rm -rf ~/.cache/opera ~/.config/opera

Now, you can download the latest version from https://www.opera.com and you should be good to go.


How to create icons on the desktop of ubuntu?

If it's already installed do the following:

Open the HUD by pressing Alt+F2 and type the name of the program you want on the desktop.

When its icon appears, click and hold the mouse on it and drag it to an empty part of the desktop.


Does an extension or option exist to replicate the "shake mouse to find pointer" in Gnome 3?

You could press Ctrl on keyboard and a simple animation will mark the mouse position. If this helps, you can enable it like this:
Open "gnome-tweak-tool" app and go to "keyboard & mouse" tab. Check the "mouse location" button.


Change contrast/gamma in external monitor

You can control the Gamma of the xserver using xrandr. First you must know the name of the output to the device/monitor:

xrandr
Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1024 x 768, maximum 8192 x 8192
DVI-0 connected 1024x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 304mm x 228mm
   1024x768       60.0*+   75.1     70.1
   832x624        74.6
   800x600        72.2     75.0     60.3
   640x480        72.8     75.0     60.0
   720x400        70.1
DVI-1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)

As you can see the name of my outputs are in bold. Once you know the name, you can change the gamma:

xrandr --output DVI-0 --gamma 5:3:4

Let me explain the 1:1:1: --gamma <red>:<green>:<blue>. If you already had knowledge about the values you can play with them, if you didn't liked the results (or just tossed the monitor) just do:

xrandr --output DVI-0 --gamma 1

This will reset all gamma to 1.


Customizing the kernel (arm64) using Ubuntu 20.04 LTS on a Raspberry Pi 4

I feel your pain. There is a ton of information around, and most of it is close, but not exactly what you need. I recently succeeded in building and running 20.04 kernels for the pi 4. My notes are attached here. I'm not cross-compiling; I'm building on the pi itself. This has worked for me on both 32-bit and 64-bit installations.
Edited 2020-07-19:
The original git command I gave below was:
git clone --depth=1 git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/focal -b raspi

That got me the latest code at the time I did it, but it has not been updated since. At this moment, it is still at kernel version 1009.
You can get the source for the exact kernel you currently have installed by doing:
apt-get source linux-image-$(uname -r)

If you do that, you will see a message indicating you can get the latest source code by doing this:
git clone git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux-raspi/+git/focal

I did that just now and got source for kernel version 1012, which is later but still not the latest. The most recent system update installed binary kernel version 1013 on my pi 4.
I have updated the note below with the best information I have, but I'd still love to know if there is a publically-available git repo with even more recent pi 4 kernel source.
Here are the notes:
start with a 32GB card (might just barely fit on a 16GB card)

download, install, and update 32-bit or 64-bit Ubuntu Server 20.04 for Raspberry Pi (preinstalled image)

uncomment the following 2 lines in /etc/apt/sources.list:
deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports focal main restricted
deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports focal-updates main restricted

sudo apt update
sudo apt-get build-dep linux linux-image-$(uname -r)   # brings in nearly a gigabyte
sudo apt install libncurses-dev linux-tools-common fakeroot

# these notes assume your build tree will be in ~/kbuild.
# if you'd prefer to put it elsewhere, simply substitute your location for ~/kbuild in all that follows.

mkdir ~/kbuild
cd ~/kbuild
git clone --depth=1 git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux-raspi/+git/focal

# To customize, edit files under .../debian.raspi/config/

# intial build - takes 2 hours 20 minutes, creates 7 .deb files in ~/kbuild
cd ~/kbuild/focal
fakeroot debian/rules clean
fakeroot debian/rules binary-headers binary binary-perarch

# install and run the newly-built kernel:
sudo apt install libunwind8 linux-tools-common libdw1
cd ~/kbuild
sudo dpkg -i *.deb
sync; sudo reboot

# rebuild - takes 30 minutes
cd ~/kbuild/focal
rm debian/stamps/stamp-build*
rm -rf debian/linux-libc-dev/usr/include/arm-linux-gnueabihf
rm -rf debian/build/build-raspi/_____________________________________________dkms
# if you've changed any header files, add binary-headers to the following line:
fakeroot debian/rules binary binary-perarch


How do I configure ufw to only allow outgoing/established connections for a IPv6 network?

You need to add rules so that the tunnel traffic is accepted on your external interface. You already allow outbound traffic by default, but because the input default policy is to drop you lose all your tunnel traffic.

Try something like this in user.rules:

-A ufw-user-input -p 41 -s <remote tunnel endpoint> -d <your IP address> -j ACCEPT

This rule allows protocol-41 (also called 6in4) packets from  to . Protocol-41 is the protocol used for HE (and many other) tunnels. If you don't include this rule then the firewall will drop (default action) these packets, and you will never receive anything over the tunnel.


How to turn down the brightness on my Dell mini laptop?

In order to get brightness control working, follow this steps:

Install acpi, to do so, open a terminal (CTLR + ALT + T) and type sudo apt-get install acpi.
Edit the grub configuration, to do so, type this: sudo gedit /etc/default/grub.
Locate the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="quiet splash" and replace it with GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="quiet splash acpi_backlight=vendor".
Update the GRUB, in order to do that, type: sudo update-grub2.
Finally, reboot and your brightness control should work by now.

By the way, you should use the FN key, not the Shift key. Shift is used to type alternative characters, while FN is used to control the hardware.

Hope this helps.


Anydesk remote server display not supported e.g Wayland

After installing Anydesk on my Ubuntu 18.04 server and trying to connect from a Mac, I would get a display_server_not_supported error. I was able to resolve this by going into the /etc/gdm3/custom.conf file and changing:

[daemon]
    # Enabling automatic login
    AutomaticLoginEnable=true
    AutomaticLogin=$USERNAME

After rebooting the Ubuntu server, Anydesk now connects and shows the login screen and I can login just fine.


There's an old joke on http://slashdot.org about taking a bunch of old computers and making a Beowulf cluster.

Interestingly enough, here's a ZDNet article about someone doing just that using a bunch of Raspberry Pi computers: http://www.zdnet.com/article/build-your-own-supercomputer-out-of-raspberry-pi-boards/

I don't know if you can merge your computers together to make a much larger computer to run a single instance of Linux or Windows. The main issue that you'd run into is the communication between processors. Most computer CPUs need a low-latency/high-bandwidth bus and Gigabit Ethernet just isn't fast enough for this, really.

Though you can create a Virtual Machine cluster out of the faster computers using the (free) ProxMox Virtual Environment: https://www.proxmox.com/

This is totally doable.


aptoncd-metapackage error ubuntu 14 offline machine

To install Ubuntu applications offline with AptonCD:
Using a PC with Ubuntu 14.04.2 installed, via the Ubuntu Software Center or via Synaptic Package Manager  install all the applications you want, including aptoncd.

Then create a Debian package installer CD or DVD:

Go to System ---> Administration ---> APTonCD.
Click Create to make an ISO image.
To select your file.deb packages, choose Add Packages and it will automatically load packages already on your system.
Select the Burn button.
Select your ISO format DVD or CD, destination folder, and image file name.
Click Apply.
After the ISO is created, you can burn it onto a CD or DVD.

Restoring a program using the CD or DVD:

Go to System ---> Administration ---> APTonCD.
Click Restore to install the application.
Load and select the CD or DVD.
Make sure to check Auto-select dependencies.
Now, select all of the programs you want to install.
Click the Restore button. This will copy and store programs on your APT cache folder.
From here it gets a bit tricky; you'll need to use the command line terminal.
Open a terminal,Press Ctrl+Alt+T
Run it:
cd /var/cache/apt/archives

sudo dpkg -i *.deb

Then enter your password.
After it finishes installing, close the terminal and browse your installed applications.


Is there an Ubuntu equivalent to Android's Titanium Backup and TWRP nandroid backup?

Aptik

sudo apt-add-repository -y ppa:teejee2008/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install aptik

Tutorial : http://www.howtogeek.com/206454/how-to-backup-and-restore-your-apps-and-ppas-in-ubuntu-using-aptik/


I had the same problem. I have reinstall an older version of anki and it works for me: https://apps.ankiweb.net/downloads/archive/


xorg.conf is deprecated, you can use /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/ instead. Read https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Logitech_Marblemouse_USB for example.


to check the health of a SSD

For Ubuntu, Mint, or Debian based distributions

# apt-get install smartmontools

The Media_Wearout_Indicator is what you are looking for. For 100 means your ssd has 100% life, the lower number means less life left.

# smartctl -a /dev/sda | grep Media_Wearout_Indicator

To show your sdd information

# smartctl -a /dev/sda

You can read the complete article at Nam Huy Linux Blog - How to check SSD life left on linux


cant install ubuntu on new asus g series laptop

I just installed Xubuntu 14.10 on my G750JZ last night with only one minor tweak. (Had to add nomodeset to the grub boot parameters when the install CD booted) If you have not solved this problem yet, you might give the 14.10 release a try.


Reinstalling critical files in Recovery Mode

Try this:

Boot from liveUSB.

Open a terminal.

Determine your HDD system partition.

exec sudo -i
fdisk -l

Mount your HDD system partition. X is the drive letter. Y is the partition number. Substitute the correct partition like sda1, sdb5, etc. continue running:

mount /dev/sdXY /mnt

Example: mount /dev/sda5 /mnt

If you have a separate boot partition, mount your boot partition:

mount /dev/sdXY /mnt/boot

Example: mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/boot

Mount the critical virtual filesystems:

for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do mount -B $i /mnt$i; done

Chroot into your HDD system device:

chroot /mnt

Now reinstall kubuntu:

apt-get update
apt-get install --reinstall kubuntu-desktop
apt-get install -f
apt-get dist-upgrade
exit

And reboot


Is there any differences between ubuntu commands and ubuntu mate commands

Aside from some differences in the gsettings command, command line wise you're looking at no real difference (obviously not counting commands to launch graphical applications).


Here You have the answear Ubuntu gets stuck in a login loop. First use terminal and check rights of Your home folder.


Facebook and YouTube not working in Chrome or Firefox

You have DNS issues.

From the ping command, I see that your system resolves youtube.com to 120.28.26.50. Well, that is not Youtube or Google. No, that's an internet sevice provider in the Philippines. That's scary. Somebody is trying to be the "man in the middle" here! Be aware.

Try using Google Public DNS on your system instead. Follow the instructions in this answer on how to do that: https://askubuntu.com/a/310752/88802

$ whois 120.28.26.50
% [whois.apnic.net node-7]
% Whois data copyright terms    http://www.apnic.net/db/dbcopyright.html

inetnum:        120.28.0.0 - 120.28.255.255
netname:        GLOBET-PH
descr:          Globe Telecom/Innove Communication
descr:          Internet Service Provider, Makati City
country:        PH
[...]

And it has no reverse DNS (all Google servers have that!):

$ host 120.28.26.50
Host 50.26.28.120.in-addr.arpa not found: 2(SERVFAIL)

In the Netherlands, it looks like this (and you should have similar results - though the IP address will be different of course):

$ whois 173.194.65.93 # result of ping youtube.com
[...]
NetRange:       173.194.0.0 - 173.194.255.255
CIDR:           173.194.0.0/16
OriginAS:       AS15169
NetName:        GOOGLE
[...]

OrgName:        Google Inc.
OrgId:          GOGL
Address:        1600 Amphitheatre Parkway
City:           Mountain View
StateProv:      CA
PostalCode:     94043
Country:        US

$ host 173.194.65.93
93.65.194.173.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer ee-in-f93.1e100.net.


I can login my ssh server without password and private key

I am using a Macbook to login to an ubuntu server. The ssh-agent remembers the private keys.

Use ssh-add -l to list the keys, use ssh-add -d ~/ssh_keys/bandwagon_ssh_key to delete the key.

Actually I move away ~/ssh_keys/bandwagon_ssh_key, so I used ssh-add -D to delete all keys.


Broadcom Issue in 11.04, but not in 10.10

Just also posted this in another similar post

I would perhaps re install your drivers which should not take long Do this via a terminal and you should see if anything goes wrong

So in a terminal type the following

sudo apt-get remove b43-fwcutter firmware-b43-installer

then

sudo apt-get install b43-fwcutter firmware-b43-installer.

This should reinstall your wifi driver

Alternatively what I have done is install the other broadcom proprietry driver STA

This was just as easy again via the terminal

Clear out any older files

sudo apt-get remove bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source


Wi-fi goes out after my computer suspends

This should restore wifi on a one-off basis when this occurs:

sudo nmcli nm sleep false

And this has worked as a more permanent workaround for me:

sudo touch /etc/pm/sleep.d/wakenet.sh

sudo chmod +x /etc/pm/sleep.d/wakenet.sh

sudo gedit /etc/pm/sleep.d/wakenet.sh

Insert the following lines:

#!/bin/bash
case "$1" in
thaw|resume)
nmcli nm sleep false
;;
*)
;;
esac
exit $?

And then save.

I found this solution here.


Insmod error in grub: symbol not found:grub_realidt

From Troubleshooting Preparation it should be possible to fix this from command line. But the commands I found are a bit different than you have in your question. So...

Do a

ls (hd0,msdos5)/
ls (hd0,msdos6)/

If you see grub then do a set prefix="(hd0,msdos5)/grub" where 5 needs to be changed to correct number.
If you see boot then do a

set prefix="(hd0,msdos5)/boot/grub"
set root="(hd0,msdos5)"

where 5 needs to be changed to correct number.
After changing prefix you need to do a

insmod normal
normal

and reboot.


Please unplug the device. Get a temporary internet connection by ethernet, tethered or whatever means possible. Open a terminal and do:

sudo apt-get install git linux-headers-generic build-essential
git clone https://github.com/porjo/mt7601.git
cd mt7601/src
make
sudo make install
sudo mkdir -p /etc/Wireless/RT2870STA/
sudo cp RT2870STA.dat /etc/Wireless/RT2870STA/
sudo depmod -a
sudo modprobe mt7601Usta

Insert the device and it should be working. Let us know your success as we will have one additional step.

You have compiled the driver for your current running kernel only. When Update Manager installs a later kernel, known in Ubuntu as linux-image, after the required reboot, re-compile:

cd mt7601/src
make clean
make
sudo make install
sudo depmod -a
sudo modprobe mt7601Usta

Please retain the file and these instructions for that time.


ACPI error AE_NOT_FOUND with same motherboard replaced

The kernel drivers/ata/libata-acpi.c driver calls this ACPI method.  The SATA (Serial ATA bus interface that connects to block devices) ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface)  driver calls the _GTF control method in your firmware (BIOS) to re-initialize the drive.  The _GTF method returns a bunch of ATA commands that are sent to the drive to restore the drive to the boot up defaults.

The error you are seeing is because your firmware does not have a _GTF method defined. This may be intentional as your hardware may not need these ATA commands, or it may be a bug because the BIOS vendor forgot to put them in. However, if your SATA drives are working correctly without error then it most probably is just not required and you need not worry about this kernel driver message.


How to shrink a partition without using GParted?

...answering as best as possibile to my own question:

If for any reason you cannot use GParted, you will have to do it manually using some of these command line tools:

parted
resize2fs
(c)fdisk

The steps can be different according to the filesystem contained in the partition. For example I found that parted cannot resize partitions which contains filesystem like ext4, so I had to destroy and recreate the partition with fdisk, making some calculations about the correct size. Also most of the commands can only used when the partition is not mounted.

Before using fdisk you may want to backup the partition table, i used dd for that task.

Also if you drive is setup with LVM you may use the tools provided.

Some useful links I found:

Resize an ext3/ext4 partition
How To Resize ext3 Partitions Without Losing Data

I will try to improve my answer as I gain more experience.


How to verify whether I have updated from beta to stable?

When shifting from the BETA release of Ubuntu to the current release there is no upgrade process - all that happens is an update of the packages. You can verify that you've "upgraded" by simply running the Update Manager and refreshing it for a check

System > Administration > Update Manager

Alternatively you can open a Terminal and at the prompt type

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

That will make sure you've fetched the latest updates from the repositories, then perform any available upgrades.


After a lot of searching and tries, I finally came up with a solution!

This is how to burn Gandalf's Windows PE ISO(s) Using Ubuntu.

Prepare USB using GParted:

msdos  -  fat32 / ntfs  - check ( boot ) in Partition flag
Install ISO using Unetbootin.
Make it bootable

sudo grub-install --target=i386-pc --boot-directory="/media/<username>/<drive_label>/boot" /dev/sdX

Replace:

/media/<username>/<drive_label> with the path where USB drive is mounted, /dev/sdX with the USB drive, not the partition (e.g. /dev/sdb not /dev/sdb1)
Create a file named grub.cfg in the USB drive in /boot/grub folder:

Add the following text to the grub.cfg file :-

default=1
timeout=15
color_normal=light-cyan/dark-gray
menu_color_normal=black/light-cyan
menu_color_highlight=white/black

menuentry "Start Windows Installation" {
    insmod ntfs
    insmod search_label
    search --no-floppy --set=root --label <USB_drive_label> --hint hd0,msdos1
    ntldr /bootmgr
    boot
}

menuentry "Boot from the first hard drive" {
    insmod ntfs
    insmod chain
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod part_gpt
    set root=(hd1)
    chainloader +1
    boot
}

And that's it!

Boot from the USB in legacy boot and you will boot from Windows in live mode without needing to install it.


Can I dual boot two Linux distros with common boot partition?

It should be possible, but I think you're in for a painful experience. Unless you have a liveCD/USB to hand or like playing with GRUB recovery I'd try it in a VM first.

An OS entry in grub specifies both the GRUB root (where the kernel image can be found, ie the device containing /boot, and the kernel command line specifies the root device to use. So, there should be no reason you can't have kernels for multiple distributions in one /boot device controlled by one GRUB configuration.

.

menuentry distribution1 {
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod ext2
    insmod gzio
    set root=(hdX,msdosY)
    linux /boot/vmlinuz-distribution1 root=UUID=uuid-for-distribution1-root
    initrd /boot/initrd.img-distribution1
}

menuentry distribution2 {
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod ext2
    insmod gzio
    set root=(hdX,msdosY)
    linux /boot/vmlinuz-distribution2 root=UUID=uuid-for-distribution2-root
    initrd /boot/initrd.img-distribution2
}

Providing the kernels and initrds for the two distributions are named differently, there should not be a problem with interference between the kernel images.
However, there is likely to be problems with the grub configuration. Ubuntu certainly automatically updates this each time you update grub or the kernel, and I doubt the autogeneration will handle this configuration.
You'll need to either tweak the configuration in /etc/grub.d to handle this setup, disable autogeneration or remember to manually edit it yourself each time. You probably want to uninstall grub from one of the two distributions or you'll be dealing with this problem twice.


Dekko is free/open source. The snap only works on Ubuntu 16.04 and above. Here's the main developer page:-

https://launchpad.net/dekko

There's also a telegram group (linked from the page above) where the developer and other community people hang out.

This OMG Ubuntu article details how to install it:-

http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2017/01/install-dekko-ubuntu-email-app-snap

In short:-

sudo snap install --edge --devmode ubuntu-app-platform
sudo snap install --edge --devmode dekko

To run it:-

snap run dekko


Is there a way to see what content is on which partition?

The easiest way, or at least the way that I think will lead to the fewest mistakes, is probably to check while running the operating system you want to keep.
In the Installed System (that you are keeping)
Boot into the Ubuntu system that you want to keep (if you're not in it already).
Open a Terminal window (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run:
mount

Then look at the output. Remember that this will be different depending on what OS you're in when you run it. You won't get the information you need if you run it from the live CD/DVD/USB!
Look for the root partition, /, first. If you have any other data partitions, like a separate partition for /home, find that too. (By default, there is no separate partition for /home.)
To see the / partition only, run:
mount | grep 'on / '

(Remember the final space before the ending ' character.)
For example, when I run that, I get:
/dev/sda8 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro,commit=0)

This indicates that my / partition is /dev/sda8.
You probably also have a swap partition. To find out which one that is, run:
swapon -s

For example, I get:
Filename                Type        Size    Used    Priority
/dev/sda7                           partition   4194300 792048  -1

This indicates that my swap partition is /dev/sda7.
Now, it's possible that your devices will have different device names in the live CD/DVD/USB system than in the installed system. While unlikely, substantial data loss could result as a consequence of assuming they are the same. There are several ways to verify this--one of them is to compare the UUID's (with blkid; Rostislav Stribrny's answer uses this method).
Since if you've followed this method then you've started out in the installed system, and you have the device names of the / and swap partitions (and any other partitions you need to keep, if any), the most user-friendly way to make sure they're the right ones is probably to look at them visually.
To do this, install GParted. Remember, this is in the installed system that you want to keep (the live CD/DVD/USB already has GParted). Please do not attempt to repartition inside an installed system--just use GParted to see where the partitions are.
Then you can verify their positions before removing the others.
In the Live Environment
Make sure all important files are backed up, somewhere other than this computer. Both human and computer error can lead to serious data loss when repartitioning. I am talking about files like your documents, and anything else you'd be sad to lose. You probably do not have to back up your Ubuntu system files, because if things go way wrong, you can always reinstall Ubuntu.
Boot to the live CD/DVD/USB, select Try Ubuntu, open the GParted Partition Editor, verify that the partitions you're keeping are where they were before, and then repartition however you like. Make sure to look not just at the relative positions of the partitions, but to double check the device names too (names like "sda2").
You can remove all partitions except the ones you found to be associated with the particular installed system that you decided to keep. But do not remove the extended partition (which is a kind of container partition but has its own device name), unless you're removing everything in it. If you remove an extended partition, that gets rid of the partitions it contains also. (If this is a UEFI system, then there will be no extended partition. Otherwise, given the number of OSes you have installed at the same time with their own partitions, you'll almost certainly have one.)
You can stretch the remaining partitions out to give them more room, or add additional storage partitions, or leave things be for the time being--whatever you prefer.
After applying your changes, you'll probably have to reinstall GRUB2 to the MBR. You can try booting from the hard drive and see if it works (then if it doesn't, boot back into the live system to reinstall GRUB2). But I recommend just reinstalling it before even rebooting.
To reinstall GRUB2 to the MBR, you can use the techniques presented here, or any of these methods.
Once you boot from the hard drive, assuming all goes well, you should make sure swap is working by running swapon -s. If nothing is listed, you'll have to check the new device name for the swap partition, and edit /etc/fstab accordingly. Usually, swap will still work, because usually its fstab entry is by UUID rather than by device name.
Similarly, if you have other partitions that are mounted by device name in /etc/fstab (like a separate /home partition, though again, the entry will typically use the UUID and thus continue working even when the device name changes), you may have to fix those manually as well.


This happens because chkrootkit looks for an executable named syslogd in several common locations, but since Ubuntu uses rsyslog, its syslog daemon is instead called rsyslogd.

To check that the syslog daemon on your machine specifically is called rsyslogd rather than syslogd, you can run locate syslogd (though of course, if you did have a rootkit, it could cause wrong results to be reported by this command too):

ek@Io:~$ locate syslogd
/etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.rsyslogd
/etc/apparmor.d/disable/usr.sbin.rsyslogd
/etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.rsyslogd
/usr/sbin/rsyslogd
/usr/share/man/man8/rsyslogd.8.gz

To verify that this is why chkrootkit is not testing the syslog daemon, you can run chkrootkit with the -d flag (for debug mode) and send a copy of the output to a file:

sudo chkrootkit -d |& tee ~/chkrootkit.log

Then open the log file in a text editor and examine the debug output between the Checking `syslogd'... and not tested messages. On my machine it looks like this (on yours I expect it will be similar):

Checking `syslogd'...                                       + chk_syslogd
+ STATUS=1
+ SYSLOG_I_L=/usr/lib/pt07|/dev/pty[pqrs]|/dev/hd[als][0-7]|/dev/ddtz1|/dev/ptyxx|/dev/tux|syslogs\.h
+ loc syslogd syslogd /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/bin /usr/sbin /usr/bin /sbin /bin /sbin /usr/sbin /lib /usr/lib /usr/libexec .
+ thing=syslogd
+ shift
+ dflt=syslogd
+ shift
+ :
+ test -f /usr/local/sbin/syslogd
+ :
+ test -f /usr/local/bin/syslogd
+ :
+ test -f /usr/sbin/syslogd
+ :
+ test -f /usr/bin/syslogd
+ :
+ test -f /sbin/syslogd
+ :
+ test -f /bin/syslogd
+ :
+ test -f /sbin/syslogd
+ :
+ test -f /usr/sbin/syslogd
+ :
+ test -f /lib/syslogd
+ :
+ test -f /usr/lib/syslogd
+ :
+ test -f /usr/libexec/syslogd
+ :
+ test -f ./syslogd
+ [ / = / ]
+ echo syslogd
+ exit 1
+ CMD=syslogd
+ [ ! -r syslogd ]
+ return 2
+ STATUS=2
+ [  = t ]
+ echo not tested
not tested

Since a file called syslogd does not exist in any of those locations (or at all), there is nothing for it to test.

A possible partial workaround would be to create a symbolic link at one of those locations to the real ryslogd executable. I consider this only a partial solution because I don't know the details of what chkrootkit checks (or should check), or if there's anything special that it should be doing to properly inspect rsyslogd, or if it really works properly when inspecting symlinks and recently created files. chkrootkit does report successfully checking syslogd when I do this, though:

ek@Io:~$ sudo ln -s /usr/sbin/rsyslogd /usr/local/sbin/syslogd
ek@Io:~$ sudo chkrootkit | grep syslogd
Checking `syslogd'...                                       not infected

The sbin subdirectory of /usr/local might not already exist, in which case you can create it. Either way, I do suggest removing the syslogd symlink after using it.

In any case the real solution is as bodhi.zazen says--this should be reported as a bug against the chkrootkit package in Ubuntu. The way I suggest you report the bug is to:

Read this guide, if you haven't already. It provides excellent guidance on writing bug reports. (This question is another good resource.)
Run ubuntu-bug chkrootkit.
Apport will say it is "Collecting problem information." When it's done, click "Send." This will open a new browser tab where you can report the bug.
Include information documenting the output of chkrootkit when the problem occurs. I recommend attaching a log showing its output, preferably including debug output. You could attach the log file created if/when you ran sudo chkrootkit -d |& tee ~/chkrootkit.log (see above). You might also reproduce the small, most relevant part in the text of the bug report itself.
Submit the bug report.
Optionally, if you comment on this answer, I'll go to the bug report and indicate that I am also affected--as I have been able to reproduce the bug on my system. I may also be able to provide additional information--for example, I can confirm it occurs on the 15.04 Beta, and if you don't have time to produce and attach a log, I could do so. (But I'd encourage you to provide as much relevant information as you can in the original report.)


How to recover an interrupted 12.04 upgrade from 11.10?

In the end the only solution I could find was to do a clean ubuntu 11.10 install and then upgrade to 12.04 via terminal in tty1 using the command sudo do-release-upgrade –d to avoid possible graphic issues as the first time. Anyway, thank you guys for your time.

You can also try a sudo apt-get -f dist-upgrade


Why is Displays slow? Because it is too many clicks away, or because changing what is needed (necessarily using mouse) is clumsy? If the former, you can either use the launcher with Win+A, displays (or disp should be enough), Enter; and if that is not enough, use ccsm command bindings to invoke gnome-control-center display with one keystroke.

If the latter, I believe there still may be a remedy: if you are using say two or three typical monitor setups, you may use the command bindings as above for mapping appropriate xrandr invocations, e.g. Fn+F1 for the first setup, etc. You still will not see what configuration you are going to end up with, but you will know which one you are setting.


Installing pgadmin 3 for Ubuntu 11.10 and postgresql 9.1

There is a PPA having 1.14.0beta1 version but it does not have 11.10 support:

https://launchpad.net/~rhonda/+archive/pgadmin3

So you can try to add this PPA as 11.04 or download directly the packages and install them by hand:

https://launchpad.net/~rhonda/+archive/pgadmin3/+packages


Is the Linux kernel required to run Linux?

I think what you want to ask here is actually: is the Linux kernel required to run the GNU operating system?

If this is the case, then the answer is no. Linux is not the official kernel of GNU. The GNU project officially comes with an another kernel: Hurd.

GNU runs on the FreeBSD kernel too. Debian is one of the few (probably the only one) distributions that offer GNU on the FreeBSD kernel.

What is Linux?

Linux is a kernel. The traditional definition of kernel states that it is that piece of software that lets processes communicate with the hardware.

You rarely interact with Linux directly.

What is GNU?

It is an operating system. If you have ever fiddled with the command line, than you have interacted with GNU. Some (but not all) commands like ls, cp and rm are part of GNU. Even the Bash shell is part of GNU. GIMP is the GNU Image Manipulation Program.

There are high chances that you have interacted with GNU directly.

What is Hurd?

Mach is a micro-kernel. Hurd is a complete kernel based on Mach. Both Mach and Hurd are part of the GNU project.

On the contrary, Linux is not part of GNU; it is an independent project.

From this point of view, Linux is an alternative to Hurd, like KDE is an alternative to GNOME.

Why do most people say 'Linux' when they actually mean 'GNU'?

This is a long story. The GNU website provides and excellent explanation. I cannot do better:

How did it come about that most people call the system “Linux”?
GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU

The correct name for operating systems that offer both GNU and Linux is GNU+Linux or GNU/Linux. Here are the details:

Why GNU/Linux?
Linux and the GNU Project


Can't install Ubuntu Touch on BQ Aquaris E4.5

Open a terminal and run this command:

sudo ubuntu-device-flash touch --channel ubuntu-touch/stable/bq-aquaris.en --bootstrap

should do the trick


How can I get Ubuntu to work alongside windows 8?

Wubi does not work with Windows 8 if you have UEFI-enabled hardware. How to install wubi alongside Windows 8?  If you have UEFI-enabled hardware, there is no solution for installing Ubuntu alongside Windows 8. I'd recommend either building your own computer or buying one from system76. It sure beats jumping out of a window.


How to start Teamviewer or any program before login

Teamviewer version 8 (which just came out) has the option to run as daemon which makes it start automatically when Ubuntu is booting (see the 'Special note for our Linux users' on the Teamviewer site.


Option to merge webapps icons into one Launcher icon

You can add a feature request to the Webapps Launchpad project.


A tool or extension to do "fullscreen" like tiling

You can achieve this effect by

Installing an extension that hides the top panel (search "hide panel"). You will probably will prefer Hide Top Bar by tuxor1337, because that extension features an option to only hide the top panel when a window takes the space (intellihide).
Installing an extension like "Pixel Saver" (also in the Ubuntu software center, sudo apt install gnome-shell-extension-pixelsaver) that merges title bar with the (now hidden) top bar.

You continue tiling in the usual way, i.e. using the default keybindings, Super+Left/Right, or dragging the windows to the left or right side of the screen (provided "Edge Tiling" is enabled in "Tweaks", which is so by default).


Is Ubuntu 12.04 works fine on Lenovo G400 i3?

Yes, It'll work. I think it will work really smoothly


Kernel panic after update to 4.4.0-108-generic

Do not install 4.4.0-108-generic on Xenial! It breaks boot/reboot/shutdown/suspend functionality!

Install 4.4.0-109-generic (see USN-3522-3 for details)!

Reboot to the last working kernel and remove 4.4.0-108-generic:

Press Shift between UEFI/BIOS and login-screen to enter GRUB
In GRUB select Advanced options for Ubuntu and select Ubuntu, with Linux 4.4.0-xxx-generic (where xxx < 108)
Login to the system and remove this buggy 4.4.0-108-generic and install 4.4.0-104-generic instead.

sudo apt-get purge linux-headers-4.4.0-108 linux-headers-4.4.0-108-generic \
linux-image-4.4.0-108-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-108-generic \
linux-tools-4.4.0-108 linux-tools-4.4.0-108-generic
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-4.4.0-104 linux-headers-4.4.0-104-generic \
linux-image-4.4.0-104-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-104-generic \
linux-tools-4.4.0-104 linux-tools-4.4.0-104-generic

As of 2018-01-10 18:00 UTC, the 4.4.0-109-generic kernel seems to be distributed on mirrors.

But if you want you can select Main server (http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu).
You can switch to it from software-properties-gtk / software-properties-kde.

You can install 4.4.0-109-generic with the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-4.4.0-109 linux-headers-4.4.0-109-generic \
linux-headers-generic linux-image-4.4.0-109-generic \
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-109-generic linux-image-generic \
linux-tools-4.4.0-109 linux-tools-4.4.0-109-generic linux-tools-generic


I eventually answered a lot of my own questions here:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1900297

Let me know if anything seems incorrect.


Ubuntu 20.04 - Black screen and no response to input after reboot

This was solved by a simple cold-reset. As for the root cause I just don't know for sure.


Is there a simple way to remove all packages that were received through a repository?

It should be easy with Synaptic,  Click on Origin to split packages depending on whic h repository are coming from.

(Default is Sections)


EXT4 is the standard Linux filesystem. It is stable and works well on servers. It seems to be the best choice.


Prevent new options being added to grub after kernel updates?

Maybe it's not the best idea to always remove the old kernels! You may experience some bugs with the new kernel, or other problem, you can't know. Then you can boot with the previous kernel to "save the day". Without that option and with a crash (always) during the boot would render your system unusable (sure you can help with a boot CD or so). Ok, it's not so frequent, maybe I can can mention a single happening like this with me since 6 years, or so. But it's very nasty if happens. I would recommend to keep at least two versions, the newest and the one before it: you can boot the older if you experience any problem. Anyway, you can remove the old versions if you really want:
apt-get --purge remove linux-image-...
where the "..." means the same character-string you can see in /boot after file names initrd.img- or eg vmlinuz- so an example:
apt-get --purge remove linux-image-2.6.35-24-generic For sure, you can remove packages by Synaptic Package Manager as well, if you prefer GUI more than using command line.

Be careful not to remove kernel which is currently running, you can check the current one with this command: uname -r

And a little comment: your question is a bit misleading: you should not ask not to add new options after kernel updates, since the important thing here to have a newer, updated kernel. What you need (maybe) is to remove older ones, so it's really about removing older ones.


Bash script: Program with parameters as a single variable: command not found

Remove the double quotes here run_hdmi "$2"


Try this instead: worked for me

g++ -o test test.cpp `mysql_config --cflags` `mysql_config --libs`

Then test

./test
Hello world YEP


How to fix strange backspace behaviour with urxvt + zsh?

Try adding the following to your .zshrc:

TERM=xterm


what's the shell command for dash screenshot application?

In order to grab a screenshot of window, use this command
gnome-screenshot -w

In order to grab an area, use this command
gnome-screenshot -a

here is the link for source http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/bionic/man1/gnome-screenshot.1.html

   -c, --clipboard
          Send the grab directly to the clipboard.

   -w, --window
          Grab the current active window instead of the entire screen.

   -a, --area
          Grab an area of the screen instead of the entire screen.

   -b, --include-border
          Include the window border within the screenshot.

   -B, --remove-border
          Remove the window border from the screenshot.

   -p, --include-pointer
          Include the pointer with the screenshot.

   -d, --delay=SECONDS,
          Take the screenshot after the specified delay [in seconds].

   -e, --border-effect=EFFECT,
          Add an effect to the outside of the screenshot border.  EFFECT  can  be  ``shadow''
          (adding  drop  shadow), ``border'' (adding rectangular space around the screenshot)
          or ``none'' (no effect).  Default is ``none''.

   -i, --interactive
          Interactively set options in a dialog.

   -f, --file=FILENAME
          Save screenshot directly to this file.

   --display=DISPLAY
          X display to use.

   -?, -h, --help
          Show a summary of the available options.


How to fix youtube-dl error : unable to open for writing: [Errno 21] Is a directory?

The -o option tells youtube-dl how to format the target path and name of your videos (not only the directory). Kind of counter-intuitive.

From the youtube-dl(1) README or manual:

  -o, --output TEMPLATE

  Output filename template, see the "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for all the info

So you need something like:

youtube-dl -o "$HOME/Videos/%(title)s.%(ext)s" 'http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P0YiWsAM0O8'

To specify something other than the default of %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s. I am guessing you most likely want to just move into your ~/Videos folder and run youtube-dl with no options there though.


How can I configure a Logitech M705 to use stepless scrolling?

This is currently the best solution I found, although I think at this time, its smooth scrolling feature is not yet useable. In future, native, driver-based solutions have to be made to support mice and touchpads which support smooth scrolling. Especially on a desktop system like Ubuntu.

Solaar

There is an application called Solaar which offers many possibilities to unifying-devices from Logitech, like battery status, pairing options (awesome!) and smooth scrolling. Unfortunately, smooth scrolling does not work that great; it does not scroll as smoothly as on OS X, and it only scrolls the last active window, not the mouse-overed window (tested on 13.04). But it's in every way a useful application and its smooth scrolling feature is something I hope gets improved with future updates.

Homepage: http://pwr.github.io/Solaar/

Installation

Open a Terminal via the Unity dash or CTRL+ALT+T and paste in the following lines:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:daniel.pavel/solaar
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install solaar

Usage

Start Solaar via the Unity dash, for example.
If you see a popup recommending to replug the unifying-receiver, do it.
There should appear a tray icon looking like a battery. If you open it and click on a device, you'll see information about your devices.
On the right of the entry for your mouse should be a settings icon. Click it and a "smooth scrolling" option should appear.
Try it, it's easy to disable again in case it does not work for you.
If you experience problems like the horizontal scrolling does not work, try replugging the receiver again.