How to improve battery life on a HP Pavilion dv6?

Quick disclaimer, Linux tends to use more power then windows because it does "more stuff" and uses the hardware different. You may not be able to get the same amount of time in Linux as you did in windows, or you may get more.

These are listed in the order of importance to me. That is the easiest to do with the most gain first.

CPU Frequency

The largest impact on my battery is CPU frequency. When I am plugged in I want full speed, but when I unplug I want as much battery as I can muster. This is mostly automatic, these days, however to give it a bit of a hand, and to let me see it, I installed jupiter. This auto does stuff when on battery and when on power. It also gives me some direct control over some power management features.

Display Brightness

Just turn it down as far as you can. This made a large difference to me. If you want to do this via a script then echo -n 100 > /proc/acpi/video/VGA/LCD/brightness should would with a little adjustment. The path will likely be different depending on build/kernel/hardware.

Keyboard backlight

On My Mac Book Pro, this has only a little gain, but turning off the keyboard backlight is super easy.

Idle Time and Screen Blanking

Turn them way down. From "Power" in unity, set suspend when inactive to 5 minutes, and when the lid is closed suspend. There is a link in the Tip at the bottom of the window. Click it and make sure that Dim Screen to save power is checked. Turn screen off after 2 Minutes.

Turn Off Bluetooth

Again an easy one that doesn't save a lot. From Jupiter indicator, disable Bluetooth when on battery.

noatime

Edit /etc/fstab and add noatime to all local partitions and mount points. This "should" prevent your drive from spinning up as frequently. Read up on it first. This doesn't give the benefit it once did, but it keeps my drive from spooling.

Do less stuff

This one is kinda tricky, but can give you a ton of savings. Basically Linux does a ton of stuff in the background. This is one of the best things about it. However it can also lead to higher then needed power usage. The easiest thing to do here is disable cron on battery but turn it back on when on power. This can be dangerous if you don't know what you doing. Basically it shouldn't hurt anything if you miss a few cron jobs, but leaving it off all the time will cause problems.

Also take a look at/keep an eye on htop. Reconsider the apps that are using a large amount of CPU.

Nvidia

I have no idea if this actually does anything so I put it last. Turn nvidia's (if you have it) powersaving on high. nvidia-settings -a [gpu:0]/GPUPowerMizerMode=0 should accomplish that. Side rant, compiz keeps my card from going below the max an awful lot. They need to fix that.

Closing

These should help you get a reasonable level of battery performance from your ubuntu laptop.


Problem with listing a directory to grep

The expression grep f* will, in your case, be expanded to grep file0.txt file1.txt by the shell.

Apparently there are no line with file0.txt in the file file1.txt.

I know that's not what you wanted, but that how it works.

:~$ mkdir test
:~$ cd test/
:~/test$ touch f1
:~/test$ touch f2
:~/test$ set -x
:~/test$ ls | grep f*
+ ls --color=auto
+ grep --color=auto f1 f2


On my 13.04 and 14.04 systems, things worked for me after installing the ruby-dev package, then running the gem install:

sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev (or try: ruby-dev instead)
gem install jekyll # if this fails then sudo gem install jekyll

After that, jekyll was installed correctly.

Note that for the gem install instruction, it is better not to use sudo.*****

It's better to use something like RVM, so that sudo isn't required. On some systems  it may be necessary to use sudo, if for instance permissions were set by previous sudo commands or root-level configuration.

See this stackoverflow question -- how to install gems without sudo for more information and for help on getting permissions set to user instead of root.

***** Credit to @iguarav for this best practices advice as well as the link to rvm.io.


NVIDIA Quadro NVS 160M in the Dell Latitude E6500

The Ubuntu X team has a stable package PPA with the latest drivers for your card.

To install the Nvidia drivers in your system you can do so following these 3 simple steps:

Open a terminal and type

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-x-swat/x-updates

Update your sources and install the latest Nvidia driver (version 290.10)

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install nvidia-current nvidia-settings

Reboot your system with

sudo reboot

or by selecting shutdown on the user menu.

This method is recommended (specially for a new user) because it makes the removal and upgrade of the graphics package easyer and transparent.

It uses the same driver as you downloaded but its already packaged for your system.


You can generate an ESP (EFI System Partition) image suitable for booting on UEFI with:

#! /bin/sh

BOOT_IMG_DATA=$(mktemp -d)
BOOT_IMG=efi.img

mkdir -p $(dirname $BOOT_IMG)

truncate -s 4M $BOOT_IMG
mkfs.vfat $BOOT_IMG
mkdir -p $BOOT_IMG_DATA/efi/boot

grub-mkimage \
    -C xz \
    -O x86_64-efi \
    -p /boot/grub \
    -o $BOOT_IMG_DATA/efi/boot/bootx64.efi \
    boot linux search normal configfile \
    part_gpt btrfs fat iso9660 loopback \
    test keystatus gfxmenu regexp probe \
    efi_gop efi_uga all_video gfxterm font \
    echo read ls cat png jpeg halt reboot

mcopy -i $BOOT_IMG -s $BOOT_IMG_DATA/efi ::

That will generate a FAT-formatted file (change the location of the file by changing the $BOOT_IMG variable), which is, in turn, an ESP image.

You can use the generated image by adding the flag -append_partition 2 0xef efi.img to the xorriso command.

The resulting xorriso command may be something like this:

xorriso -as mkisofs \
    -r -V <ISO_LABEL> \
    -o <OUTPUT_ISO_IMAGE> \
    -J -J -joliet-long -cache-inodes \
    -isohybrid-mbr /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isohdpfx.bin \
    -b isolinux/isolinux.bin \
    -c isolinux/boot.cat \
    -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -no-emul-boot \
    -eltorito-alt-boot \
    -e --interval:appended_partition_2:all:: \
    -append_partition 2 0xef efi.img \
    -no-emul-boot -isohybrid-gpt-basdat \
    <ISO_DIRECTORY>

Bear in mind that you also need to use ISOLINUX if you want your image to boot on BIOS systems. GRUB2 is for UEFI.

Also, you should use a recent version of xorriso (the flag --interval:appended_partition_2:all:: was added a couple years ago, so old versions doesn't support it).

For further guidance, also take a look to this question.


Error 404 not found while using command sudo apt-get update - PPA shimmerproject has no release file

This message indicates that you have added a PPA that doesn't contain a proper file for your Ubuntu version. You can fix this problem by simply remove the PPA that cause the problem (note that no new software will be added), then find the proper PPA location and add it.

To remove a PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:whatever/ppa

in your case try:

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:shimmerproject/ppa

and then

sudo apt update


Can I install Ubuntu using Ubuntu 13.04 Live CD on Ubuntu 12.10?

You can use this guide to upgrade Ubuntu 13.04 from Ubuntu 12.10
http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/upgrade


Closing one window sends others to the background


Abort class-pclzip.php : Missing zlib extensions

To get around this issue, I had to recompile PHP from source code with support for zlib turned on. By default, PHP 5.5.x does not include zlib support.

After downloading source from the PHP site (from my home directory):

gunzip php-5.5.23.tar.gz
tar xvf php-5.5.23.tar
cd php-5.5.23
./configure --with-mysql --with-mysqli --enable-zip --enable-mbstring --with-zlib
make
sudo make install

This installs PHP into /usr/local

You'll also need to update your Apache server to look for the php.ini file in /usr/local/lib if it is set to look elsewhere.

The underlying cause is a Wordpress plug-in that is checking for ZLIB support, and mistakenly thinks your PHP installation supports it. Similar to yourself, I would see this error message randomly.


Encryption key input screen does not appear during boot

The problem was, that I removed a lot of packages without being aware of it. Since I accidentally removed the ghostscript package when I wanted to remove ghostewriter, and then executed sudo apt autoremove, autoremove removed a lot of packages which are depending on ghostscript.

To solve my problems I had to:

Find out which packages were removed via cat /var/log/dpkg.log | grep remove
Reinstall the package ubuntu-desktop which was removed

Afterwards, everything was back to normal.


Unity 2D on Ubuntu 13.04? Or is it too fast to matter

Unity which follows 13.04 is way faster and more reliable with fewer bugs (causing it to crash and take a lot of resources), and as a cause of the performance-increase they dropped unity 2D.

I am using 13.04 on my computer at home, and i could detect that it was way faster on an old Acer-Computer. Using unity 2D on 12.10 will be the same as using 3D on 13.04, i promise you.

Hope you got a view on what i meant. Stick with Unity if you would like to ;)


For some reason, probably a copyright issue, Ubuntu had to remove the firmware for the Broadcom 43* cards from the default install. As a remedy, there  are installation packages available. The one for bcm4312 is called "firmware-b43-lpphy-installer". You can install it by using the package manager front-end of your choice (I recommend synaptic), or simply by running the following on command line:

sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-lpphy-installer

After installing it, you should either reload the b43 kernel module, or simply reboot. If your computer does not automatically load the b43 module at reboot after you installed the firmware, you can try to load it manually by running (in a terminal)

sudo modprobe b43

If manual loading works, you can add a line saying "b43" to /etc/modules (you need to edit this file as root for instance by running "sudo gedit /etc/modules" on the terminal) to force Ubuntu to load it at boot.

If that doesn't work, you can also try "firmware-b43-installer".


Open files, and navigate to trash, and change the view to list view, that will let you see the original location of the deleted files.  Just highlight the ones you want, and restore.


Log viewer cant open syslog after messing up groups

Members of the adm group can read logfiles. Not only did you remove yourself from the admin group, you also removed all other groups.

To add yourself back to the adm group again:

sudo gpasswd -a MyUser admin


Excel Cell Comments Are White When Opened in Calc?

Please report this bug so it can be fixed:

How do I report a bug?

The LibreOffice team I'm sure would be keen to solve the issue for you.


You are probably missing the -dev version of glib. Try installing

libglib2.0-dev

and maybe

build-essential

See also: https://github.com/Serranya/deadbeef-mpris2-plugin/issues/13 if you installed DeaDBeeF from the .deb from the DeaDBeeF website


Hotspot in Ubuntu 18.04 via external wificard (iBaton)

In the terminal, type:

sudo apt update # update the software database

sudo apt install dnsmasq-base # install dnsmasq-base

nm-connection-editor # start the GUI editor

Click the + button to create a new connection... choose Wi-Fi...

Set up this window, including the MAC address of your USB dongle... if the USB dongle is currently inserted, you can just use the pull-down menu to enter the MAC address for you...

Update #1:

Set the Band to 2.4ghz, and the Device to the proper MAC address of the USB dongle (use the pop down menu to select).


In Ubuntu 12.04, /dev/.udev/db no longer exists

After running an strace on the udevadm info command, I saw that it now looks in /run/udev/data. However, instead of the devices being listed by kernel name (e.g. /dev/sda or /dev/sdb), they are listed by their major and minor number and device type.

So I ran strace -f -e open udevadm info -q all -n /dev/sda and I saw:

open("/run/udev/data/b8:0", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3

It opens b8:0 because /dev/sda is a block special file with a major number of 8 and a minor number of 0. You will also see other data files like c10:1 and input:input1. I don't know what the input is for, but I know that the c is for character special files and the 10:1 is for a major number of 10 and a minor number of 1.

I found the information about block special files and character special files by looking at man mknod.

As a note: I am running Ubuntu 13.04 and udevadm version 175.


Some softwares are not working after uninstall bodhi desktop from Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

First install packagekit again

sudo apt-get install packagekit

Now install or reinstall the package libecore1 via

sudo apt-get install --reinstall libecore1

Why? That's why:

% apt-file search libecore.so.1
libecore1: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libecore.so.1
libecore1: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libecore.so.1.8.6


lspci | grep VGA does not detect my dedicated AMD Radeon HD 8550M / R5 M230 in ubuntu 14.04 64 bit

For the command you use: lspci | grep VGA for parsing video cards from the command-line output is NOT the proper way to detect what graphic controller you have.

The reason is that for some video cards, they're not listed as a "[0300] VGA compatible controller", they could be a:

"[0302] 3D controller"
"[0380] Display controller" (in your case)

Note that the number in the bracket is the class number.

A more reliable way to do this is to get the class number [03xx] for them:

lspci -nn | grep '\[03'

Or you could do this with: sudo lshw -c video command

If your "Additional Driver" section could let you install proprietary driver, then it's working well for detecting your graphic controllers.

If you want to use your laptop in power-saving mode, there is an option for switching powersaving / high-performance profiles in the AMD Catalyst Control Center (if available):

You just need to execute sudo amdcccle in your terminal to access the Administrative mode for the control center.

Without the proprietary driver install, you will be running with the open-source driver (the Xorg driver) by default. So no worry about it!


Multiple messages to recipient_bcc_maps and sender_bcc_maps with Postfix while using amavis

You should set receive_override_options in your master.cf as follows.

#/etc/postfix/master.cf
127.0.0.1:10027 inet n - n - - smtpd
   -o content_filter=
   -o receive_override_options=no_address_mappings

no_address_mappings  - will disable canonical address mapping, virtual alias map expansion, address masquerading, and automatic BCC (blind carbon-copy) recipients. This is typically specified BEFORE an external content filter.

More info here. Hope that helps.


Where can I get non "live" ISOs for 20.04

You have to find the legacy directory.  These images (based on debian-installer) will no longer be provided for releases after Ubuntu Focal.
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-legacy-server/releases/20.04/release/
There are some other questions related to this around, and some discussion in the Discourse topics at https://discourse.ubuntu.com/c/server/17/l/latest


How can I open files with spaces in their names via wine app?

Alright, I sorted it out.

To correctly open MS Word docs including files with spaces in their names, we need to do 2 things:

create a sh wrapper that will start WINWORD app with correct parameters:

#!/bin/sh

vmrun -T player -gu alx -gp 123 runProgramInGuest ./vmware/office/windows-7.vmx -activeWindow -interactive "c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office\Office14\WINWORD.EXE" "$(echo "$@" |sed -e 's;C:;Z:;' -e 's:/*/:\\\\:g')"

Modify the Exec line in the .desktop file to point to the wrapper above:

Exec=./bin/wordwrapper.sh Z:\\\lin%F

Where lin - shared folder inside windows VM for accessing host machine files, in case of Wine, there should be only Z:%F


They are reserved for root and privileged processes. Run sudo tune2fs -m 0 /dev/sdc5 to free them up for regular users.

From the man page:

  Reserving some number  of  filesystem
                blocks for use by privileged processes is done to avoid
  filesystem fragmentation, and to allow system  daemons,  such  as
  syslogd(8),  to continue to function correctly after
  non-privileged
                processes are prevented from writing to  the  filesystem.
  Normally, the default percentage of reserved blocks is 5%.

If you are just using the partition for extra storage, you don't need the reserved space.


Checking FTP server online from Bash script?

I suggest using nmap, e.g:

nmap REMOTE-IP -p FTP-PORT &> /dev/null

Real example:

nmap 192.168.56.12 -p21 &> /dev/null

then check $? if it wasn't 0 it means service is not running.

For retry you can use something like:

if [ "$?" -eq "0" ];
then
 # do your job
else
 echo "retry"
 sleep 1800;
 exec bash /path/to/script.sh
fi


To make the function visible to your script you need to "source" the file into your script with:

source /usr/local/MYPROGRAM/bin/myfn

or:

. /usr/local/MYPROGRAM/bin/myfn

This will include all the defined functions, variables and constants within the file into your script.


How to uninstall all but the default Ubuntu packages?

The solution to this question will probably solve your problem too.
Ubuntu pre-12.04
From a gnome-terminal do:
cat filesystem.manifest-desktop | awk '{print $1}' | sort > default.txt

This will get rid of the package versions and leave you with a sorted list default.txt containing all packages that are installed by default. As mentioned in the linked question, keep in mind that you might changed the default installation when installing updates and/or restricted packages during the installation of Ubuntu.
Ubuntu 12.04
The above step has changed a bit. To get a list of the packages that are initially installed, you need to unpack two files:

filesystem.manifest
filesystem.manifest-remove

To get what you want, you need to remove the latter from the former:
comm -3 <(cat filesystem.manifest | awk '{print $1}' | sort) <(cat filesystem.manifest-remove | sort) > default.txt

Now continue like pre-12.04:
dpkg --get-selections | awk '{print $1}' | sort > current.txt

This will get you a sorted list current.txt of all currently installed packages.
diff -u default.txt current.txt | grep "^+[^+]" | cut -c 2- > installed.txt
diff -u default.txt current.txt | grep "^-[^-]" | cut -c 2- > uninstalled.txt

This will get you the differences between the two package lists, where installed.txt contains all packages not part of the default installation, and uninstalled.txt contains all packages you are missing compared to a default installation.


This is an odd issue where the keyboard shortcut to show the run command prompt becomes unset. To set it again open System Settings, choose the Keyboard panel under Hardware, and open the Shortcuts tab. From there, you can find the shortcut in the System section, and set it by clicking in the right column.


Can I upgrade to a newer version of Ubuntu without problems using Software Updater?

Yes you can upgrade without any problem as long as you're upgrading from LTS version to LTS. LTS stands for Long Term Support. When you'll upgrade, your applications won't be removed but it's worth nothing,
your official Ubuntu repositories will be upgraded to new repositories. Because repositories for different versions of Ubuntu are managed separately. And all the third party repositories you might be using will be disabled. You can re-enable them after upgrade.


No internet after disabling and enabling wifi

This answer will get you going again but does not address the sleep/suspend problem.At a teminal type lspci -vvnn | grep -A 9 Networkto detemine the driver and module name of your network card.You will see it next to... Kernel Driver in use: or Kernel modules:Now you know the name of the module type sudo modprobe -r iwlwifiWait 5 seconds and type sudo modprobe iwlwifi (editied after discovering module name).


Very outdated page at wiki.ubuntu.com: What can you do?

There are members of the Ubuntu news team who have rights to edit the wiki. I have rights to edit wiki pages, so if nobody else gets to it before me, I'll take a look at that one when I get home this evening. Right now I'm on my phone at work.

If you'd like to bring it to their attention directly until I get to it this evening, or inquire about joining the news team yourself, you can join the #ubuntu-news channel in the Ubuntu IRC server.


apt-get update problem when updating a reprepro repository

Use http instead of https.
Apt has some strange problems with https repositories.
Seems like nobody wants to fix it.


Partitioning (unmounted) HD not allowed: "only one primary partition allowed"

The problem is that you formated a device without a partition table. Thus there can only be one primary "partition".

To fix it you need to make a partition table, either MBR or GPT, then make partitions. Of course backup any data you need as the current device table will be erased.


Not able to find a file residing two directories up

It appears to me to be a difference in php's current working directory. The working system has .../project/app/Config as the current directory while the broken system has .../project as the current directory.

One workaround would be to determine the file1.php's current directory and then refer to file.txt with a relative path from there. If I use this in file1.php, it correctly includes file.txt:

require_once(dirname(__FILE__).'/../../file.txt');


How do you unset an environmental variable using a script?

When you run a script it will be executed in a separate child process which cannot affect the environment variables in the parent process (i.e. your interactive shell).  However if you use the "source" command it will read lines from the script file and execute them in the current shell, so that should work.


find . -name "documentation.html" | xargs xdg-open

This might be caused by extra characters piped into xargs or errors (i.e. permission denied for certain dirs).

If you want to pass only one file to xargs you can try this:

find -type f -name "documentation.html" 2> /dev/null | head -n 1 | xargs -n 1 xdg-open

or

xdg-open `find -type f -name "examples.desktop" 2> /dev/null`

Another solution will be while loop:

find -type f -name "examples.desktop" 2> /dev/null | while read -r FILE ; do xdg-open "$FILE" ; done


How to execute this specific python script (attached in the question)

The problem with your script was a indentation problem, that is common with python beginners:

python script.py
  File "script.py", line 28
    print p.sprintf("Authentication Request from [%Dot11.addr1%] to AP [%Dot11.addr2%]")

                                                                                ^
IndentationError: unindent does not match any outer indentation level

the space between ]") and ^ is filled with tabulation characters and that confuses the interpreter. Here is with the indentation corrected:

#!/usr/bin/env python

######################################################
#   authWatch.py v. 0.1 (Quick, Dirty and Loud) - by TinMan
#   Place card in monitor mode and set the channel.
#   If you want channel hopping, run airodump-ng in
#   another terminal. Will add channel hopping
#   in the next version.
######################################################
#
#   Usage: python authWatch.py
#

import sys
from scapy import *

interface = sys.argv[1]

def sniffReq(p):
     if p.haslayer(Dot11Deauth):
# Look for a deauth packet and print the AP BSSID, Client BSSID and the reason for the deauth.
          print p.sprintf("Deauth Found from AP [%Dot11.addr2%] Client [%Dot11.addr1%], Reason [%Dot11Deauth.reason%]")
# Look for an association request packet and print the Station BSSID, Client BSSID, AP info.
     if p.haslayer(Dot11AssoReq):
          print p.sprintf("Association request from Station [%Dot11.addr1%], Client [%Dot11.addr2%], AP [%Dot11Elt.info%]")
# Look for an authentication packet and print the Client and AP BSSID
     if p.haslayer(Dot11Auth):
            print p.sprintf("Authentication Request from [%Dot11.addr1%] to AP [%Dot11.addr2%]")
            print p.sprintf("------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------")
sniff(iface=interface,prn=sniffReq)


Let's check:

your current configuration try_files directive:

try_files $uri $uri/ /admin/index.php?$query_string;

index directive:

index index.html index.htm index.php;

your requested URL path is /pihole, which matches location /pihole, which in turn is aliased:

alias /var/www/html

Okay, so when you request for /pihole ($uri), nginx will sequentially do:

check for $uri first, but it can't match that as /pihole is alised to a location so no file can't be matched
move onto $uri/ next (this causes the 301 redirection); so after resolving the alias the final filesystem path becomes /var/www/website/ and then tries to see if there is any file referred by index in this directory, so tries index.html, index.htm, index.php sequentially here -- the first one found wins and a response is sent.
If the second step fails, it moves onto the last one i.e. /admin/index.php?$query_string -- this is an absolute path so it is matched from the server root. Hence the final path becomes: /var/www/website/admin/index.php?$query_string as the root is set as /var/www/website. If a file /var/www/website/admin/index.php is found, it is passed the query_string and the resulting response is sent.
If nothing matches, a 404 is sent eventually.

Like I mentioned earlier, in your case, the second ($uri/) is causing the 301 redirection that you're seeing. While we're at this, in case of redirection, always check out the Location directive to find out the redirected URL:

Location: https://www.website.eu/pihole/

Now, a good practice while using location is to use trailing / unless you're do a generic/unbound match. So for example, location /pihole matches /pihole, /piholefoo, /piholebar and so on. But you don't probably want that. So you should be precise in this case:

location /pihole/ {
    # Note trailing / here as well
    alias /var/www/html/;
    try_files $uri $uri/ /admin/index.php?$query_string;
}


Not to resurrect an ancient thread, but since I'm here and you asked, I can answer (1) anecdotally, as my laptop with an OLED screen on Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS does indeed have a /sys/class/backlight folder and screen brightness is indeed changed via xrandr (although that had to be done via a script that polls /sys/class/backlight/actual_brightness, it didn't work out of box).

As far as the display drivers are concerned I don't think there is a semantic difference between LCD backlight and OLED brightness, so it makes sense the mechanism is the same. In both cases you want to change the intensity of the display's illumination. To that extent, what does it matter if it's via a uniform backlight on an LCD or varying perceived pixel intensity on an OLED panel?

I do see what you mean though, in a literal sense it's genuinely not a backlight, after all!!


Display arrangement settings for second monitor on top of laptop

Go to settings > Displays

And drag the second display to your desired position, then click on Apply.


Deleting multiple name-sharing folders with one command

you can use find for your purpose. See man find for more.

Say you have a directory 'mydir' in which there are several directory and sub-directory that contain a hidden folder, say '.src'. Also the directory 'mydir' itself has '.src' directory.

mydir
├── a
│   └── .src
├── b
│   ├── j
│   │   └── .src
│   ├── k
│   │   └── .src
│   └── .src
├── c
│   └── .src
├── d
│   └── .src
├── e
│   └── .src
└── .src

To remove all these folders name .src open a terminal and go to 'mydir' and use tha following command,

find . -iname '.src' -type d -exec rm -r {} \;


Remove Ubuntu 13.04 from triple booted computer

I dont think that you will have any problem. What you need to is format the Ubnutu 13.04 partition, this would remove all the files present on it.

You can perform this from the Gparted in your 12.04 most probably, but your partition should be unmounted.

But before formatting it, please run the following commands from the terminal in your Ubuntu 12.04

sudo grub-install /dev/sda
sudo update-grub

This will ensure that the grub is installed according to your 12.04, and wont get corrupted on deleting 13.04

Then you can safely format it.
After formatting it, run (type in the terminal)

sudo update-grub

from your Ubuntu 12.04 .This would update the Grub Configuration file and now it would show only the entries for your 12.04 and windows 7.

Now you can use the formatted partition for storing data.

Thank You.

If you have any queries please let me know.


Ubuntu on vmware ssh connection refused issue

Check the ssh service status:

service open-ssh status

If you don't have it, just install openssh-server

sudo apt install openssh-server

And restart the Virtual Machine (VM)

sudo reboot

And just connect again.

Source for above answer


The package indicator-multiload (System Load Indicator) can be configured to only show a simple, horizontally-scrolling bar graph without numbers. The indicator displays on the top bar(dash).
First, install the package by running the following commands:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install indicator-multiload

Next, search for the application "System Load Indicator" and start the application.
Now, on the top bar, right-click on the indicator and select "preferences"
Under "monitored resources," make sure "Network" is the only one selected.
Adjust the width and the update interval to your preference. Personally, I like 40 pixels and 500 milliseconds.
For the color scheme, left-click on "download," "upload," or "localhost" to change the color of the graph. I like to use yellow for download and red for upload and blue for localhost.
If you do not want numbers to show on the top bar, place the mouse cursor on the graph and scroll up using your mouse wheel or your touchpad scroll function. Scroll down if you want to view the numbers on the top bar.
With these settings, the indicator will simply indicate when there is network traffic scrolling from right to left. A quick burst of traffic will display as a single line and longer intervals of network traffic will show as a solid bar.


How to enable zeitgeist logging for emacs on ubuntu 12.04

The emacs datasource can be found on the source code browser. Sadly there is not a recent release (I am working on it) and can be downloaded here by clicking on the "download file" link.

This should work on any version of emacs, irrespective of the version of Ubuntu you are using.

The file can then be used in emacs by adding this line:

load-file "/path/to/file/zeitgeist.el"

to your .emacs file.


Broadcom B4318 driver not appearing in Additional Drivers

Type in a Terminal window:

sudo apt-get purge b43-fwcutter firmware-b43-installer firmware-b43-lpphy-installer firmware-b43legacy-installer bcmwl*
sudo apt-get install b43-fwcutter firmware-b43-installer bcmwl*

Then reboot


I spent hours banging my head against the wall with network manager in one hand and rfkill in the other. Finally I switched off my D3 cooling in the BIOS/UEFI settings as suggested in this comment:

So I have got it working HUZZAH! but im still a bit confused as to why it all blew up. So in my BIOS there was some D3Cold settings which were enabled, I disabled them and suddenly it all started working when I booted up.

...and BAM! Everything worked straight away with my Intel 3165. Saved my day!


How can i remove the Boot flag from a non EXT drive?

Using Disk Utility select the partition, click on Edit partition and untick the Bootable box

If you don't have that installed, then simply do sudo apt-get install gnome-disk-utility


Unable to connect to https sites with wired connection

Finally I have found that downloading Google Chrome ver 18 directly from Google I can see all mail in Inbox, but after a while I receive a message saying that not all data has been load due to a unstable connection.

So I don't think the problem is in https anymore.

Trying to use a company guest wifi I'm able to go on all internet site without any problem.

This is probably an issue of my network card Broadcom Nextreme 5751m Gigabit Ethernet.


What is "quiet splash" in the grub file for?

The option quiet prevents Linux from giving shell output of your boot process, and the splash option show the boot screen. If you remove both you will get an output if you updated your grub afterwards with:

sudo update-grub


The appearence, order, and location of the close, maximize, and minimize buttons are defined in the dconf path /org/gnome/shell/overrides/button-layout where windows button settings default to

close,minimize,maximize:

To edit this path I recommend to use dconf-editor and edit them from the GUI rather than from command line, as the terminology and paths of this keys had changed a lot and may change again in the future. From the GUI you will notice.

See also: How to switch window controls to the left (Gnome Shell)?


Ubuntu failing to boot past GRUB - "Kernel panic"

I decided instead of waiting to get help, I would just format and reinstall the boot partition with my Ubuntu ISO.

Is anyone knows what happened there though, I would be interested to know.


How to install Ubuntu to a Lenovo R61 that has Windows installed but not activated?

It is not enough to just download the ubuntu iso to a usbflashdrive.  Also you have to use unetbootin , lili, or another live usb creator to make a live usbflashdrive. Afterwards you can install ubuntu by booting your computer from the flashdrive. (You may have to change the bootorder in your bios, as long as the usbflashdrive boots before the hdd, you'll be ok.)

If you are planning to install ubuntu and remove windows choose use entire disk during the ubuntu installation, windows will be removed.

If your machine can't boot from usb burn the ubuntu iso onto a dvd and follow the above instructions. (Boot dvd before hdd.)

If you would like to dualboot windows and ubuntu follow these instructions on the ubuntu documentation site: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot. Make sure, before you start the dual boot install, to make space for the ubuntu install from within windows (disk manager).

lili:  http://www.linuxliveusb.com/
unetbootin:  google it because I'm not allowed to place more than two hyperlinks.


How to download icinga and its plugins in ubuntu

Install Icinga 2 and its plugins

  Set up the Icinga APT repo:

cd
wget -O - http://packages.icinga.org/icinga.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository 'deb http://packages.icinga.org/ubuntu icinga-xenial main'
sudo apt-get update

  Install Icinga 2 and several plugins using the Icinga APT repo:

sudo apt-get install icinga2 nagios-plugins -y

  To learn more about Icinga 2 plugins, please visit the Monitoring
  Plugins Project website.

  Start the Icinga 2 service:

sudo systemctl start icinga2.service
sudo systemctl enable icinga2.service

  By default, the Icinga 2 program will enable three features: checker,
  mainlog, and notification. You can confirm that using the following
  command:

sudo icinga2 feature list

I found the full installation guide here on vultr


How to force a sleep for a single monitor (when you have more the one)?

instead xrandr, disper command line tool can be used, bud it generally do the same thing just maybe more user friendly.
xset can not set sleep for a single monitor (all or nothing).
I can not find anything else...


how to remove pdf studio from ubuntu 14.04

The instructions assume you use Nautilus to go to the directory. That will have a context menu with "run in terminal".

But when you are doing it already from a terminal when you get to the directory type ...

./uninstall.sh

and it will start removing the software.


Proprietary Nvidia Driver: Broken boot screen

After changing GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep to GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=text and executing sudo update-grub, the early part of the boot process looks ok on my laptop until video driver is loaded.

GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep basically lets grub meddle with kernel's screen drawing, so kernel cannot display characters well in the early part of the boot process on some machines.

But, I still need to insert radeon kernel module into initramfs to prevent plymouth from being broken. You might have to insert proprietary nvidia driver into initramfs or experiment with /etc/default/grub to prevent boot splash from being broken.


rsync to another machine within the same wifi

For this purpose you need to setup ~/.ssh/config file:

touch ~/.ssh/config
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/config

The content of the file should look as:

Host my-destination-host
    HostName 192.168.31.90
    IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
    User beta
    Port 22

Host another-example
    HostName 222.222.22.222
    User another-user
    IdentityFile ~/.ssh/another-path/id_rsa
    Port 2233
    RemoteForward 6900 127.0.0.1:5900
    RemoteForward 3389 192.168.100.115:3389
    Compression yes
    CompressionLevel 6

# etc.

Once the file is saved, you will be able to ssh to beta@192.168.31.90 by the command:

ssh my-destination-host

or for the another example - note the Tab completion is applicable for the Host names:

ssh another-exampTab ↹

Respectively most of the commands that use ssh can use the configuration file. For example rsync:

rsync -avlu --exclude=".git" ~/Documents/Books my-destination-host:~/Documents/Books

References and more examples, where the ~/.ssh/config file is used:

Filezilla or WinSCP alternative for Ubuntu
Permission denied when trying to run a script that uses 'sshpass'
How do I setup SSH key based authentication for GitHub by using ~/.ssh/config file?
Ubuntu Documentation - Community Help Wiki: SSH/OpenSSH/Keys


How to install Ubuntu image form boot able Usb on other machine?

I use builtin prog called: startup disk creator, to create bootable usb from iso.

just open the dash and type "startup disk creator"


After LibreOffice updated it won't start!

In this case the solution centered around my suggestion that files in ~/.config/libreoffice were causing the problems after the upgrade.

Important Note: you may want to make a copy of your libreoffice folder if it has any important custom files in it before you remove it.

If the permissions are correct and libreoffice still doesn't launch, then delete ~/.config/libreoffice in your filebrowser or with

rm -rf ~/.config/libreoffice

and libreoffice will regenerate a new folder when it starts.

If, for future readers, the suggestions made so far are unsuccessful, you could install ppa-purge with

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge

and downgrade all the libreoffice packages by entering

sudo ppa-purge ppa:libreoffice/libreoffice-4-0

and then reinstall the standard repository version of libreoffice.


RunninG Teamviewer Or Same Kinda Program On Ubuntu 11.10

There is TeamViewer, downloadable here: http://www.teamviewer.com/en/download/index.aspx


Migration of mail from Ubuntu Server to Google Apps

The easiest way to do migrations between IMAP servers is to copy your mail using an IMAP client.  You can do that using a normal mail client, but I suggest you use a more specialized tool like imapsync or imapcopy (install using apt-get or from Software Center).


How do I stop windows from maximizing when dragged into a corner?

To change the windows behaviour you can install and run Compiz Config Settings Manager ccsm .

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

  Warning: ccsm can lead to unwanted effects that may be hard to overcome and may leave you without a desktop (see also this question for more background information).

Choose Grid from Window Management:

and adapt the window's grid behaviour to your needs:


Ubuntu *refuses* to access samba share from windows 10 server machine - Not Authorized

Try with smbclient:

smbclient //windows10host/sharename -U username

Then iterate that command with different values for -m, specifying a different protocol:

NT1
SMB2
SMB3

If it works with one or more of these, but not another, then you may have to change some defaults in /etc/samba/smb.conf via client min protocol and/or client max protocol. See the smb.conf(5) manpage for details.


You can find the page for writing app indicators here:

http://unity.ubuntu.com/projects/appindicators/
http://developer.ubuntu.com/resources/technologies/application-indicators/

See also:

http://developer.ubuntu.com/get-started/
http://developer.ubuntu.com/resources/app-developer-cookbook/unity/

On that page you'll find links to examples in Python and the API documentation. The ubuntu-application template in Quickly should have examples on using appindicators. Good luck!


Please go into your BIOS/Setup, find something like Security, then looks for a Chip or TPM item; change the setting to disabled and that should clear the Trusted Platform Module issue.


How to pass an array as function argument?

Expanding an array without an index only gives the first element, use

copyFiles "${array[@]}"

instead of

copyFiles $array

Use a she-bang

#!/bin/bash

Use the correct function syntax

Valid variants are

function copyFiles {…}
function copyFiles(){…}
function copyFiles() {…}

instead of

function copyFiles{…}

Use the right syntax to get the array parameter

arr=("$@")

instead of

arr="$1"

Therefore

#!/bin/bash
function copyFiles() {
   arr=("$@")
   for i in "${arr[@]}";
      do
          echo "$i"
      done

}

array=("one 1" "two 2" "three 3")

copyFiles "${array[@]}"

Output is (my script has the name foo)

$ ./foo
one 1
two 2
three 3


Upgrade MySQL to 5.5 on Lucid, upgrade server to Precise or switch to Percona?

This should be a question you should ask your team. We decided to update Ubuntu but we tend to stick to the same OS once we choose it and only once switched from Fedora to Ubuntu when Ubuntu got useful (that was when 6.06 came out).

All of our servers that are in use with data for our clients are updated to 12.04 as soon as we felt it was worth it. We have 3 identical servers synch'd (ie. MySQL data replication, synching our software) where 2 are setup as automatic fallbacks if the main one drops out.

The 2nd fallback machine we took offline and informed out clients we'd be running on 1 fallback machine for the next 12 hours as a regular maintenance action. Updated it to 12.04, updated our software and tested the system for a fair amount of time. The update to 12.04 went flawless by the way.

We then made it play catch up, turned it into the main machine and did the same actions for the 2nd and 3rd machine. Zero downtime. We could have run into trouble if the main and fallback systems would drop out but if that happens 999 out of a 1000 times it is just 1 machine (and hell would break loose).

In short...

So B would be my option. It is a proven method so less risky than option A. Option C might be an option but switching OS might be more of a hassle (for us it would involve serveral days, weeks of checking if everything works the way we want it).


Dual boot Ubuntu 16 and Windows 10 on different devices

This is a common problem when dual-booting with a UEFI BIOS. I had this issue when dual booting with Win7, where Windows would take over from GRUB and automatically boot up every time, once Windows Boot manager was selected. But only if I stayed with Ubuntu would the GRUB boot manager always appear next time. Eventually I found a cure for this by accident rather than design.

To get GRUB back you need to run boot repair after booting up from an Ubuntu live CD or a USB pen drive changing first boot-up device (read howtogeek article about this). Remove pen drive/CD, restart computer and test it. Your GRUB boot manager should return, but don't select Windows option yet when GRUB reappears.

Restart computer and go into BIOS. You probably won't see your HDD as first boot choice (or see it at all under HDD drives). It should be showing with Windows Boot Manager as an option. I found my BIOS had been re-written with Windows Boot manager as first choice instead of my HDD drive seen as the first in Boot Order. What I did was enable security on boot and save settings. Windows 7 doesn't support security on boot so then I could not boot into anything once quitting BIOS. I then powered off my PC, then powered back on going back into BIOS, and this time disabled security on boot. Make sure your other UEFI settings have not been disabled as well - if so enable them again and save. Then reboot. This time GRUB manager returned, and on selecting Windows not only could I boot into Windows, but on restart GRUB returned. Also in my BIOS my HDD was once again showing as first in Boot Order.


Per your comment this actually looks like it could be basic syntax issues. In future, I would strong suggest running nginx -t (without sudo) to display configuration errors.

I think a try-files is preferred over a rewrite but either way, here's what I use for a Moodle site.

    location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php/$request_uri;
    }

    location ~ .php($|/) {
            set $script $uri;
            if ($uri ~ "^(.+.php)(/.+)") {
                    set $script $1;
            }
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(/.+)$;
            fastcgi_index index.php;

            include fastcgi.conf;

            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$script;
            fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 10m;
            fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 512k;
            fastcgi_buffer_size 512k;
            fastcgi_buffers 16 512k;
            fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
            fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
            fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
            fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
            fastcgi_next_upstream error invalid_header timeout http_500;
            fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
    }

Unfortunately the exact rewriting rules requires seems to change subtly for each engine, but nginx is popular enough that Googling nginx url <<engine, eg wordpress>> will get you some suggestions.


I can't boot Ubuntu 14.04 64-bit on Mac download

I think the problem might be ubuntu install grub to the usb drive so you can't boot. when choosing partition to install, it has an option to choose which partition will get grub install on. choose your sda, not sdx (usb drive)


For 20.04 LTS you do not need any PPA. This package is already available in the universe pocket.
Install the package using commands below:
sudo apt-add-repository universe
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install lollypop

As you already have the PPA added - remove it with:
sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:gnumdk/lollypop


This was possibly a bug in LibreOffice 3.5; Install LibreOffice 4 and the problem goes away.


Completely Universal Ubuntu Installation

Universal Ubuntu Installation for University Course.
There are several requirements for creating a USB that will run on any X86-64 computer

The USB must be able to boot in either BIOS mode or in UEFI mode.

The USB must not contain proprietary drivers specific to the machine it was created on.

The hardware requirements of the USB's operating system must be suitable for the student's equipment. A lighter flavor of Ubuntu might be more suitable if the students are using their own computers

The operating system must be reproducible on each USB drive.

Creating a reproducible operating system image file
A full install of Ubuntu to USB (or internal drive) can be modified to suit the course requirements, including any extra programs, hardware drivers, etc required. The USB can be created using boot partitions that will allow booting in both BIOS and UEFI modes as shown here: How to Create a Full Install of Ubuntu 20.04 to USB Device Step by Step.
Step by step method for creating proprietary USB image
The creator of mkusb has been perfecting the use of image files for creating Full installs of Ubuntu on USB. Download Image file is 1.5GB, (It is15GB once extracted to USB).

Download https://phillw.net/isos/linux-tools/uefi-n-bios/dd_unb_ubuntu-20.04_15GB_2020-09-07_with-proposed.img.xz. MD5Sum can be found here: https://phillw.net/isos/linux-tools/uefi-n-bios/md5sum.txt.asc

Decompress file using 7Zip if necessary.

Flash to USB using Rufus, Etcher, Image Writer, etc.

Password is "changeme", boot the USB and Change it.

Modify the OS as required for the course, changing splash screens, wall paper, tool bars, browsers, home pages, and adding programs, contacts, drivers, networks, etc.

A new image can then be created using Gnome-Disks, Rufus, Clonezilla or other cloning software.

The new image can be flashed to USB using Rufus, Etcher or Image Writer in Windows and mkusb, Etcher or Gnome-Disks in Linux. Etcher can install to multiple USB drives at the same time, limited only by the number of USB ports on the computer or hubs.

Note that the USB's produced in this way will all have identical UUID's. these can be quickly changed using GParted. UUID's shown in fstab should be changed to suit.


try this

chmod -R uga+rwx <android-sdk-folder>


Your printer is supported by hplip: http://hplipopensource.com/hplip-web/models/deskjet_aio/deskjet_2540_series.html

You can download hplip here: http://hplipopensource.com/hplip-web/downloads.html

How to install hplip

Download the file to a convenient location (e.g., home directory or desktop, etc)
Open a console/terminal and cd to the location where the installer was downloaded. (e.g., cd ~/Desktop)
run the installer

sh hplip-3.15.2.run


Somebody asked me that same question the other day :

  since yesterday my ubuntu 12.04 locks me out, i can only access the guest account.
  if i enter the correct password for the admin account,
   the screen turns black and then goes back to the log in screen.
  if i enter an incorrect password, it says incorrect password.
  if i create a new admin account via the guest account, i get the same problem.
  resetting the password won't help :(
  any ideas anyone?

It seem's a few people have had this problem, and using gdm instead of lightdm is the recommended workaround, and it worked for the person that asked me - after a couple of reboots. Have a look at these links for instructions & let me know if it helps.

https://askubuntu.com/questions/130387/stuck-at-login-screen

Can't log in to ubuntu 12.04

https://askubuntu.com/questions/130721/12-04-lightdm-cannot-login


Depends on what editor you used to create the file.
If you used vi/vim then  hit the ESCAPE key ( that will drop you in the command mode) and type

  :wq

w -> write

q -> quit

Have a look at http://www.fprintf.net/vimCheatSheet.html for additional commands.


ubuntu 13.04 terminal won't read my .ini file

The most likely solution is it can't find the file because you're not specifying the full path. Find out what the full path is and use that. Eg:

sudo xboxdrv --config /home/oli/xboxdrv-mouse.ini

You can check the path by running stat /home/oli/xboxdrv-mouse.ini. If that tells you it's anything but a file, you're probably using the wrong path.


Desktop hard drive won't spin down according to settings

gnome-disk-utility is broken in this regard.  You can manually set the timer with sudo hdparm -S 60 /dev/sda, or you can just manually put it to sleep when you are done using it with sudo hdparm -y /dev/sda.

See bug #1281588.  I will prepare a fix and if you could test and verity that it works that would be helpful.


During the initial setup cryptsetup luksFormat, some information, including the auto-generated master key of your encrypted volume, and various other information on what type of encryption is used, is stored in the LUKS header on your encrypted partition. This information can be viewed using

cryptsetup luksDump $blockdev.

This is persistent, as it is stored as part of the encrypted volume.

When you decrypt an encrypted LUKS volume cryptsetup luksOpen, your passphrase or keyfile is used to unlock one of the 8 key slots present in the header to get to your master key. A device mapper virtual block device is created referencing the encrypted block device, with the master key and other encryption details gotten from the LUKS header.

This typically looks like /dev/mapper/decryptedvolumename.

A device-mapper block device is ephemeral -- it only lasts as long as you don't shut down the machine, very much like a typical mount.


I use Evince on my Ubuntu 16.04 which gives me the ability to attach a PDF document to an email using Thunderbird.

You can download Evince from the Ubuntu Software Centre, if you don't have installed it already. It was already installed on my Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

Official page of Evince

If you installed Evince, open the document you want to send. Then go to File menu and then choose Send To. If Thunderbird is already installed, a Create a new message window will appear with the PDF document attached to it.

Check this screenshot:

Write your message and click on Send to send your message with that file as attachment.


Pre-seeding debconf doesn't impact install of libdvd-pkg

Install manually the first time, then use debconf-get-selections | grep "^libdvd-pkg" to see what debian confirm uses.  After that, put the result in a script and execute debconf-set-selections before installing the package.

1) Run deb-conf-get-selections on a installed machine:

#$ debconf-get-selections | grep "^libdvd-pkg"
libdvd-pkg  libdvd-pkg/build    boolean true
libdvd-pkg  libdvd-pkg/upgrade  note
libdvd-pkg  libdvd-pkg/post-invoke_hook-remove  boolean false
libdvd-pkg  libdvd-pkg/post-invoke_hook-install boolean true
libdvd-pkg  libdvd-pkg/first-install    note

2) Put these lines in a installer script, before installing:

#!/bin/bash

echo "Installing libdvd-pkg ... "

cat <<EndOfConfig | sudo debconf-set-selections
libdvd-pkg  libdvd-pkg/build    boolean true
libdvd-pkg  libdvd-pkg/upgrade  note
libdvd-pkg  libdvd-pkg/post-invoke_hook-remove  boolean false
libdvd-pkg  libdvd-pkg/post-invoke_hook-install boolean true
libdvd-pkg  libdvd-pkg/first-install    note
EndOfConfig

sudo apt-get install libdvd-pkg

Done!

You can do this in all packages who has dialogs and user interaction.


Maltego does not seem to work with java 8. If you have openjdk 7 installed, you can start maltego with

/usr/share/MaltegoTungstenCE/bin/maltego --jdkhome /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/

You can also tell maltego to always use this JRE by modifying /usr/share/MaltegoTungstenCE/etc/maltego.conf

add the following line

jdkhome="/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre"


Can not use PIP or easy_install because deleted /etc/lib/python2.7/urllib.py

General answer if you accidentally remove or overwrite files from packages:

Find out to which package your file belongs

dpkg -S urllib2.py

Answers:

python2.7: /usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py

Reinstall package

sudo apt-get install --reinstall python2.7

File is now restored


MySecureShell SFTP "Authentication Failed"

Have you tried to add the home path here :

Home /var/www/

Download                0
Upload                  0
StayAtHome              true
VirtualChroot           true
LimitConnectionByUser   10
LimitConnectionByIP     10
IdleTimeOut             300
HideNoAccess            true

Tell me if that works.


How can I 'cd' into directory from folder in desktop gui view?

As mentioned in the related question, you can install the Nautilus plugin like this:

sudo apt-get install nautilus-open-terminal

How to add "Open terminal here" to Nautilus' context menu?


To switch between Activities (I guess that's what you mean by "Actions"?), you can use Ctrl+Super. There you can navigate using both ↤/↦ and ↥/↧ keys to navigate through Activities. Press Enter to focus on selected Activity.


How do I get Compiz, Emerald, and GNOME to work?

To use emerald on 11.04:

Remove Emerald:

$ sudo apt-get purge emerald

Deps:

$ sudo apt-get install libwnck-dev libwnck1.0-cil-dev git automake libtool intltool libdecoration0 libdecoration0-dev

Compile:

git clone git://anongit.compiz.org/fusion/decorators/emerald
cd emerald
git checkout -b compiz++ origin/compiz++
./autogen.sh
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make && sudo make install

Now, open CompizConfig and enable "Window Decoration", "Resize Window" and "Move Window".
Make sure "Window Decoration"'s command is emerald --replace .

Press alt+f2 to run this command:

emerald --replace

You should now have your emerald theme activated and have the ability to move the windows around.  :D

11.10 Edits

You may have to modify the directions above slightly:

Compile:

git clone git://anongit.compiz.org/fusion/decorators/emerald
cd emerald
git checkout -b compiz++ origin/compiz++
git reset --hard 0936b42efbc4247d1af16d5043f9a7a36ed8063a
./autogen.sh
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make && sudo make install

Note:  The git reset command goes to a specific release of their code.  It seems the latest version is broken, but this is subject to change.  You may want to attempt the original instructions, and revert back to commit 0936b42efbc4247d1af16d5043f9a7a36ed8063a only if you are unable to compile Emerald.


How to clean or overwrite RAM and shut down computer by homemade shortcut to defend cold boot attack?

Just cut the power from your computer before you let the police in. I assume your machines run at room temperature, so the memory content should degrade within seconds.

There is no panacea against cold boot attacks. How would you suggest to identify which parts of memory contain sensitive information? What happens to the application(s) that reserved such a memory region?

On the positive side, there is no known case of a non-experimental cold boot attack.

P.S.: If you're concerned about master encryption secrets being leaked, get a hardware key store where the actual key never leaves the store and all encryption operations are performed on it.


Shot in the blind (with so little info, going statistically...)

Maybe the Flash is formatted in exfat (extended FAT) format, which is not installed by default for legal (licensing) reasons.

Try from a terminal:

sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utils

and try again to plug the drive in. If it doesn't work, please add more info (like the last lines of the output from the command dmesg or the last lines of the file /var/log/syslog, which should have information about the failure).


Mark on the reddit AMA said that accessories are beyond the scope.
They are hoping for third parties to create them probably using another crowd funded campaign.
I think this is out of their scope though.
They want to revolutionize the mobile industry, not the laptop accessories business which can be left to existing players.

For example there is already a case that should work since it uses the MLD connector though I cannot find the link for it right now. Hopefully somebody that has the link handy will post it.


GT70 2PE Dominator Pro (or equal) keyboard backlight

Installing the requirements

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y python-software-properties python g++ make
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:chris-lea/node.js
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
sudo apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev
sudo apt-get install libusb-1.0-0-dev

Installing the MSI KLM Alternative

Make a folder called .msi-klm (or similar)
Now create two files inside the folder: package.json and server.js
Open package.json and add the following text:

{ "name": "led-manager", "dependencies": { "msi-keyboard":"*" }}

Save the file
Open a terminal and navigate to the folder
Run the following command: npm install
Open server.js and add the following text:

var keyboard = require('msi-keyboard');

keyboard.color('left', {color: 'red', intensity: 'high'});
keyboard.color('middle', {color: 'green', intensity: 'high'});
keyboard.color('right', {color: 'purple', intensity: 'high'});

Running the MSI KLM Alternative

Run the following command:

cd ~/.msi-klm; sudo node server.js

Sources

MSI Keyboard Project
Forum Thread


Problem installing R package with lblas and lapack dependencies

To install the HMISC R package in all currently supported versions of Ubuntu open the terminal and type:

sudo apt install r-cran-hmisc

The r-cran-hmisc package does not depend on either libblas-dev or liblapack-dev, so you won't get a cannot find -lblas or
cannot find -llapack error message when trying to install r-cran-hmisc.

The error message that you got when trying to install the HMISC R package is Anaconda's fault for sure, but I don't know where the culprit Anaconda file is located in your system. Usually when a path is borked by Anaconda you can symbolic link it back to the appropriate Ubuntu executable. If Anaconda has messed up too many paths in your system, the only way you're going to get rid of the mess is by completely uninstalling and purging Anaconda.


Is there a way to tie only certain audio output to an external bluetooth speaker?

Install "pulseaudio volume control"  :
sudo apt install pavucontrol
Launch it from "multimedia" menu.
In the "playing" tab, you can select sound device for each running application.


How to replace my disk without having to rebuild my Ubuntu install?

sudo dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb will create an exact replica of sda to sdb as long as sdb is at least as big as sda.

Plugin your hard disk to your system, make sure the BIOS is recognizing it correctly and boot normally to your system.

Check your hard disks with Disk Utility(To launch Disk Utility, you  can  use the dash),
make sure that your old hard disk is sda and your new hard disk is sdb (change the devices on the example command to reflect your hardware configuration), no need to mount the new disk (it should be empty anyways so there is nothing to mount).

Run the command with the right devices in a terminal wait until its finished and that's it.

PS: triple check the command and make sure that your old hard disk is in the if part and that your new disk is in the of part of the command.

Your partitions will be copied from your old disk to the new one byte by byte so no need to worry about reconfiguring / installing MBR and bootloader. The only thing you need to do after the disk is copied is to remove the old disk from the system or set the new disk as boot device in your BIOS.

Later on when you tested that all is ok you can resize your partitions on the new disk with gparted, boot from a LiveCD, install gparted and resize the partitions of your new disk to fit your needs.

This solution requires no installation of extra tools except for the installation of gparted later on for resizing the partitions.


A similar question has been posted on stack overflow. You can ignore these warnings. If they annoy you, you can mask them with os.environ['TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL'] = '3', e.g.:

import tensorflow as tf
import os
os.environ['TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL'] = '3'
print('TensorFlow version: {0}'.format(tf.__version__))
hello = tf.constant('Hello, TensorFlow!')
sess = tf.Session()
print(sess.run(hello))


Missing Operating System when installing 12.04 from USB

The Macbook Air is known to not be able to boot from an USB stick (see 1, 2).

You need to put the live cd on the harddisk as described in 1 or use a special script to make the USB live cd boot on the Macbook Air.


I am unable to install R base and R studio in ubuntu 18.04

As shown in the R Studio documentation, you must run install commands as root with sudo

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:marutter/rrutter3.5
sudo apt-get install -y r-base
sudo apt-get install -y gdebi-core
wget https://download2.rstudio.org/rstudio-server-1.1.453-amd64.deb
sudo gdebi rstudio-server-1.1.453-amd64.deb


XChat disappearing after minimize to tray

I see three solutions:

Disable the tray icon:

Settings → Preferences
Chatting → Alerts
Uncheck the Enable system tray icon checkbox.

Now everytime you click on 'x' window button the application will quit. If you want to minimize it, just minimize it.
Allow the tray icon to show. To do this, follow this answer and add 'Xchat' and 'xchat' to that whitelist:

(You need to install the package dconf-tools for the program dconf-editor.)
Another alternative is to integrate XChat in the messages indicator by installing the xchat-indicator if you are using plain XChat, or xchat-gnome-indicator if you are using XChat GNOME. If you close the XChat window, you'll get it back via the XChat item in the messages menu:


18.04 Gnome Mutter: Change workspace switcher animation duration

I found an extension that disables the pop up. Not exactly what you wanted but it may help you. You probably already solved it, but if not, here is a link to the gnome extensions website. There is an extension that does what you need.
Here: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/959/disable-workspace-switcher-popup/


I can't upgrade 13.10 because of broken pipe

Seems you are downloading the package librhythmbox-core7_3.0.1-0~13.10~ppa1_i386.deb when you already have librhythmbox-core.so.8.0.0 installed. Probably a PPA issue.

My suggestion is to remove all librhythmbox packages and reinstall your preferred version.

Remove the current librhythmbox installation with sudo dpkg --remove librhythmbox-core
Update your apt cache with sudo apt-get update
Reinstall librhythmbox with sudo apt-get install -f librhythmbox


How to troubleshoot Bluetooth connection with headset?

I did not find an answer to the original question specifically about how to troubleshoot a bluetooth connection. But, I did find a workaround solution to getting my bluetooth headset to consistently reconnect. Now that I have a workaround solution, I don't need to troubleshoot why the connection is not working.

In case you found this question because you are experiencing a similar connection issue with your Bluetooth EDR 2.1 device, I've posted the solution here: Issues with Bluetooth Connections in 11.10


Intel vPro is a collection of computer hardware technologies that enable management features such as remote access to the PC, including monitoring, maintenance, and management independent of the state of the operating system or power state of the PC, and security features.Intel

And since its not OS dependent, it should be compatible with Linux.  For more info see Intel Setup and Configuration Service 7.2: Designed for Linux


If the trov3 package you want is not in backports, then IMO best package it in your ppa.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuBackports


SD card doesn't work well under Ubuntu, but does well under Windows

I don't have your hardware, but had similar issues with Broadcom and their drivers. Very frustrating.
That aside, this may well be worth a shot:

Create a file and write this string into it options sdhci debug_quirks=0x40:

sudo sh -c 'echo options sdhci debug_quirks=0x40 >> /etc/modprobe.d/sdhci-pci.conf'

Now reboot, or reload the module:

sudo modprobe -r sdhci-pci sdhci
sudo modprobe sdhci-pci

The bug tracker mentioned that it may not give you full speed, but it's worth a try.

(From https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=73241 and http://www.linuxtechtips.com/2013/08/sd-mmc-ms-pro-card-reader-not-working.html)


as @ridgy commented above, I had to disable pulseaudio first. I used pulseaudio -k, there may be more elegant ways, but it works now :).


Want to print output of two background shell functions sequentially

Every output is written to a file anyway, I don’t know of a way not to use files. I’d use tempfiles as needed, e.g.:

$ a=$(mktemp)
$ b=$(mktemp)
$ echo 1 >$a & echo 2 >$b & wait
$ cat $b
2
$ cat $a
1

mktemp creates two tempfiles a and b, the echo commands write to the tempfiles, you can then use cat to print from them at any time you need the output. If you want to redirect both stdout and stderr, use &> instead.


How to install zpanel 10.1.1 for Ubuntu server 14.04 LTS

Do NOT use curl for that.

Run:

wget URL

Check the content of the script before installing and never - really N E V E R !!! run a script in the way bash <(curl -s URL).

And thanks to @markkirby - the script for 14.04 is here

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zpanel/installers/master/install/beta/Ubuntu-14_04-LTS/ubuntu-14.04-LTS-apache2.4.9-php5.5.14.sh

Check the content of ubuntu-14.04-LTS-apache2.4.9-php5.5.14.sh and if the code in the script is ok for you (the script needs sudo privileges)

sudo bash ubuntu-14.04-LTS-apache2.4.9-php5.5.14.sh

or

chmod +x ubuntu-14.04-LTS-apache2.4.9-php5.5.14.sh
sudo ./ubuntu-14.04-LTS-apache2.4.9-php5.5.14.sh


ATI Catalyst didn't update correctly and now can't boot

Unfortunately, the only "solution" that I've seen when I had to do this (and the comments above back me up) is to re-install Ubuntu without wiping the harddrive.


Virtual Machine does not recognize source media to boot. Need help!

If you're not heavily invested in Oracle VM, you should check out Virtual Box OSE, which should be available in the package manager. I use it for running Windows programs, and for testing different versions of Internet Explorer.

It's GUI prompts for an ISO or physical disc for installation when you first start a new VM, but, if you're missing that for some reason, you can go to Devices > CD/DVD Devices > More CD/DVD Images... within a virtual machine window to open VB's Virtual Media Manager, then click the Add button to add a new CD/DVD image. Physical discs should be shown at Devices > CD/DVD Devices > (the disk name)


How to slow down internet for some apps?

I think trickle is what you're looking for. https://askubuntu.com/a/181411/452485

sudo apt install trickle

Limit the upload and/or download speeds for a specific application using the following command.

trickle -u (upload limit in KB/s) -d (download limit in KB/s) application-name


The first 1024 ports are restricted; you need to be root or to have the appropriate CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE capability.

If you really wanted to use port 80 you could give transmission that capability with the setcap command.

This is the correct command for Transmission:

sudo setcap cap_net_bind_service+ep /usr/bin/transmission-daemon


How do I cut and paste terminal I/O without using the mouse?

xclip and grep and pipes!

Install the xclip utility (sudo apt-get install xclip)

By default, xclip is set to copy piped input to the clipboard
xclip -o will "paste" the contents of the clipboard into your terminal (i.e. standard output)

For regular expressions, just pipe the command to grep; the -P switch will give you full Perl regex functionality.

Example: ls -lR | grep -P "anc.*" | xclip to copy to clipboard

Use tee xclip instead so that it gets displayed AND copied.


Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)

You can add mysql as a service with sudo service mysql start as Minh Danh said in the comment.

Daemons are given their own users to allow for better permissions control.


Cloning 16Gb USB Lubuntu drive to 16Gb Micro SD card - "no space left on device"

The best way to do this is to use GParted to shrink the partitions on the sdimage.img file.

Do sudo losetup /dev/loop0 sdimage.img
sudo gparted /dev/loop0 (Install GParted if you haven't already)
Edit the last partition to be slightly smaller.


Pinning to favorites seems to be problematic for custom desktop launchers sometimes. You can manually add a launcher to your favorites by doing this:

Create a custom launcher with a new name, e. g. $HOME/.local/share/applications/jailfox.desktop:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=jailfox
Exec=firejail firefox
Icon=firefox
Type=Application

Add it to the favorites manually, not by dragging and dropping, using dconf-editor:

The icon should appear when you click "apply".

This method has a downside: When you start firefox by clicking on the custom icon, a second firefox icon will appear for the running instance.

You can check that firefox is indeed running inside firejail like this:

> firejail --list
1556:seb:firejail firefox
1219:seb:firejail --list


I found this link and the ubuntu-16.04-preinstalled-server-armhf+raspi3.img.xz image got properly installed in Raspberry pi 3. One thing to note is that it is a server image so no UI will be there by default.

I took an empty SD card and then use the instructions mentioned in the same page for "Making a microSDHC". After rebooting it started with ubuntu with kernel version 4.4.0-1009-raspi2.


Black Menus and terminal window after graphics driver install 16.04

I am happy to say that by installing the latest Nvidia drivers I solved the problem. Here's what I did.

I followed the instructions from here to find and install the latest driver for Nvidia.

I then went into system settings -> software&updates -> additional drivers and selected the latest proprietary Nvidia driver I just installed and clicked apply changes. At this point a black dialog box comes up asking for your password. Just blindly enter your password and press enter. Then restart.


I can't connect internet through Vodafone dongle

You can try with installing

V-Mobile-Broadband

It is the Vodafone Mobile Broadband Driver with GUI

You can install it with ppa:crass/v-mobile-broadband Repository

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:crass/v-mobile-broadband

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install v-mobile-broadband


Keyboard shortcut for Thunar custom actions?

Yes this is possible.

This is an example for the standard custom action "Open Terminal Here":

Open the file /home/username/.config/Thunar/accels.scm

than you have to search for:

;  (gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ThunarActions/uca-action-1398672656481710-1" "")

uca stands for an custom action and the 1 at the end stands for the first action.

Change this line as follows ( Alt+t is only an example you can chose what you want ):

  (gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ThunarActions/uca-action-1398672656481710-1" "<Alt>t")

be sure you have removed the ";" at the beginning, to uncomment the line!

To activate the shortcut logout:

xfce4-session-logout --logout

and log in again.

Open Thunar, press Alt+t this should be open the "Open Terminal Here" action.

Edit 1: The pagination of the custom action are not always in a logical order. To find the right ID (unique-id) you can look into the /home/username/.config/Thunar/uca.xml file:

Edit 2:
Sometimes the shortcuts stops working for me, for example if an confirmation box from Thunar pops up. The consequence is that the focus from the Thunar window are lost. In order to get it back to work you have to make a right click in the Thunar window.

Edit 3:
(This is a hint from a anonymous user, not tested)

To avoid the problems explained under Edit 2, you have to modify the /home/username/.config/Thunar/uca.xml file.
First you have to change the Line: sh -c "cd %f; x-terminal-emulator"
making the lowercase f to an uppercase F.

Second you have to add following lines:

    <audio-files/>
    <image-files/>
    <other-files/>
    <text-files/>
    <video-files/>

this is what the code lookes like after the change:

<action>
    <icon>utilities-terminal</icon>
    <name>Open terminal here</name>
    <unique-id>1557579822897820-1</unique-id>
    <command>sh -c &quot;cd %F; x-terminal-emulator&quot;</command>
    <description></description>
    <patterns>*</patterns>
    <directories/>
    <audio-files/>
    <image-files/>
    <other-files/>
    <text-files/>
    <video-files/>
</action>

Restart Thunar and you're done.


SSH stores "fingerprints" of hosts you ever connected to in ~/.ssh/known_hosts. Supposedly, you already connected to master at some time in the past and at that time it was a different machine.

Just remove ~/.ssh/known_hosts (which will make SSH to forget hosts it ever connected to, so it'll start asking you "do you want to connect" again), or open it in a text editor and remove the line which contains that host.


Run the below command on terminal to install libnspr4-0d,

sudo apt-get install libnspr4-0d

Then open the software center and install flashplugin-installer.


What happens in the OS when multimedia keys are pressed?

when you press Multimedia Keys, they have keysymbols which can be known with the command xmodmap -pke | grep Audio

Example:

$ xmodmap -pke | grep Audio
keycode 121 = XF86AudioMute NoSymbol XF86AudioMute
keycode 122 = XF86AudioLowerVolume NoSymbol XF86AudioLowerVolume
keycode 123 = XF86AudioRaiseVolume NoSymbol XF86AudioRaiseVolume
keycode 171 = XF86AudioNext NoSymbol XF86AudioNext
keycode 172 = XF86AudioPlay XF86AudioPause XF86AudioPlay XF86AudioPause
keycode 173 = XF86AudioPrev NoSymbol XF86AudioPrev
keycode 174 = XF86AudioStop XF86Eject XF86AudioStop XF86Eject
keycode 175 = XF86AudioRecord NoSymbol XF86AudioRecord
keycode 176 = XF86AudioRewind NoSymbol XF86AudioRewind
keycode 198 = XF86AudioMicMute NoSymbol XF86AudioMicMute
keycode 208 = XF86AudioPlay NoSymbol XF86AudioPlay
keycode 209 = XF86AudioPause NoSymbol XF86AudioPause
keycode 215 = XF86AudioPlay NoSymbol XF86AudioPlay
keycode 216 = XF86AudioForward NoSymbol XF86AudioForward
keycode 234 = XF86AudioMedia NoSymbol XF86AudioMedia
$

from the link you provided, these commands should work for your Custom Keyboard Shortcuts

for Play/ Pause

dbus-send --print-reply --dest=org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.spotify /org/mpris/MediaPlayer2 org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.Player.PlayPause

for Next

dbus-send --print-reply --dest=org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.spotify /org/mpris/MediaPlayer2 org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.Player.Next

for Previous

dbus-send --print-reply --dest=org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.spotify /org/mpris/MediaPlayer2 org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.Player.Previous

for Stop

dbus-send --print-reply --dest=org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.spotify /org/mpris/MediaPlayer2 org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.Player.Stop

for Play

dbus-send --print-reply --dest=org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.spotify /org/mpris/MediaPlayer2 org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.Player.Play


Sublime Text doesn't open files from PcManFM

Well, I have solved it out. I opened a file through command line: "subl %f" and saved this "shortcut" as a default programme for that file extension. It just works! :-)


This was addressed in Installing Nvidia Graphics drivers on Ubuntu-GNOME 16.04.

  You most likely have hit this bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu-gnome/+bug/1559576 which renders Nvidia prime cards currently unusable. You can maybe try some workarounds provided in the comments, but these might not work.


Go to "Settings > window manager tweaks > compositor" and disable it, you'll have less cool effects in your system but it will work with your native resolution.


Does etckeeper disrupt installations from Software Center

There are two errors shown in your details section log.  The first one at the very top ("fatal: $HOME not set") is due to git not knowing your $HOME directory after privilege escalation, and prior to the commit (before the VirtualBox install).  This can be fixed by adding the following near the top of the file /etc/etckeeper/pre-install.d/50uncommitted-changes:

if [ "$HOME" = "" ]; then
    export HOME="/root"
fi

You may want to commit this change with:

cd /etc
sudo git add etckeeper/pre-install.d/50uncommitted-changes
sudo git commit -m "Set $HOME if it is blank"

The second error ("*** Please tell me who you are..."), near the bottom, is also caused by git, and can be fixed by setting the user name and email for the /etc/ repo owner:

cd /etc
sudo git config user.name "Your Name"
sudo git config user.email "your@email.com"

I had seen the same issues with my daily updates (on Ubuntu 14.04), however, they stopped showing up after I made these changes.

Hope this helps.


If you have the package "nautilus-open-terminal" installed then remove it using Synaptic or using the command:

apt-get --purge remove nautilus-open-terminal

Try to remove nautilus config files using the command:

rm -rf ~/.nautilus

Find another solution from here


How do I change the font color on the login screen?

Apparently, that is not possible to do with a single tweak. I have been looking at the source code and nowhere I see an option of font color (see here for a list of all possible options). This could be easily added, and you can ask for this feature to the LightDM team joining the mailing list here. I strongly recommend that, as it would also help other users in the future.

Now, here are three possible solutions.

Use high-contrast. This might or might not affect your background image, depending on what it is. Assuming you have sudo powers, go to /etc/lightdm/ and open a file called lightdm-gtk-greeter-ubuntu.conf or something related. Then add high-contrast=true to the end of the file. Save and restart.
Change the theme of LightDM. This is also on the same file, under theme-name=.... If you happen to know available theme names, you can manually replace it there with an alternative one. Yet, it is easier to use a GUI-based manager. For example, try this one:

sudo apt-get install lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings

Then, go to settings, open the LightDM GTK+ Greeter app, and select your preferred theme. There are also plenty of themes online.

Advanced Webkit LightDM: If you are not happy with the above, then this one will surely work. With this one you can create any theme you like using HTML, CSS, and Javascript. If you know these languages, you can achieve what you want. Sadly that goes beyond my knowledge so I cannot help you, but I'm sure there is plenty of help online. Alternatively, try to find a theme online that matches your preferences. There are some amazing themes out there! To install, run this:

sudo apt-get install lightdm-webkit-greeter

To use (according to this web) "copy the files located in /usr/share/lightdm-webkit/themes/webkit, and create a new folder there (such as /usr/share/lightdm-webkit/themes/mytheme". Place your created/downloaded theme there.

I hope this helps.


After determining that it's likely an issue with my German keyboard layout, I found this post with the recommendation to run

setxkbmap de

This seems to have fixed the issue for now.


You probably don't need to use wicd as the problem is probably with your network.

If you need to get to the network, run the following command:

wicd-gtk

If you get a permission error, run this instead:

sudo -i wicd-gtk

Once you have a network connection, reinstall network-manager:

sudo apt install network-manager-gnome network-manager

Now, start network-manager and uninstall wicd-gtk

sudo systemctl restart network-manager
sudo apt remove wicd-gtk

Finally, set your IP to a static IP address to prevent DHCP problems that cause your network to drop.

After you are connected to the network, click on the network settings and select "Connection information". Click on the network settings again and then "Edit connections" and select your network.

Select "IPv4 Settings" and under "Method:" select "Manual".

Now, you must enter the next three one-by-one and use the TAB key in between. If you mess up, click Cancel and start over.

For "Address" enter your "IP Address" listed on your connection information window and then press TAB.
For "Netmask" enter "255.255.255.0" and then press TAB.
For "Gateway" enter your "Default Route" listed on your connection information window and then press
TAB.

Now, click on "DNS servers" and here you can either enter your "Default Route" or you can enter something like "8.8.8.8" to use google servers.

Then click the Save button.

Finally, run the following command to restart NetworkManager:

sudo systemctl restart network-manager

Also, to prevent your network from dropping, you should make sure your wifi router is not using the same channel as your neighbors. Additionally, you should set the static IP address for your Ubuntu device in your router settings as well.

If you are still having trouble, please ask a new question addressing the wireless dropping issue and follow these instructions to provide the relevant information.


'grub-install /dev/sdb failed' while installing Ubuntu after Windows

For a better coherence I suggest you to install grub loader on the device that contains your system partitions

Then you may have to create a dedicated EFI System Partition on the SSD in addition to Windows and Ubuntu ones.

some help: here


Unable to successfully user Desktop Sharing

Ok I figured it out. I went back to the Xorg based video driver, rebooted and the problem went away.
Settings --> Software & Updates --> Additional Drivers --> X.Org X server (see screenshot) & reboot.

Additional Drivers Selection


What is fuser and why is it so processor hungry?

fuser is a command. From man fuser:

Identify processes using files or sockets.
fuser displays the PIDs of processes using the specified files or  file systems.   In the default display mode, each file name is followed by a letter denoting the type of access:

You can track down the process from command line with
ps -ef |grep fuser
It will show a pid and a ppid if you follow that number you should be able to track down the program that issued it (and by what user and by what terminal).
Or as said in a comment by Lakritsbollar use pstree. It does exactly what it claims: make a tree of ps ;) :

rinzwind@schijfwereld:~$ pstree
init─┬─NetworkManager─┬─dhclient
     │                └─2*[{NetworkManager}]
     ├─accounts-daemon───{accounts-daemo}
     ├─acpid
     ├─atd
     ├─avahi-daemon───avahi-daemon
     ├─bamfdaemon───{bamfdaemon}
     ├─bluetoothd
     ├─chromium-browse─┬─chromium-browse───{chromium-brows}
     │                 ├─chromium-browse───6*[{chromium-brows}]
     │                 └─18*[{chromium-brows}]
     ├─chromium-browse───8*[chromium-browse───4*[{chromium-brows}]]

Do you perhaps have a terminal open somewhere (on tty1 ... tty6)?
iirc fuser is owned by root and therefor will get all the attention it needs.
Oh and if you did not start it yourself... don't mess with it and only track down the program that started it.


How do I change the MTU value on Ubuntu?

What is MTU?

Your MTU - also known as the Maximum Transmission Unit - value is a restriction set to have a limit of the amount of data that may be sent per packet. You can check more details by visiting the Wikipedia Page.

How do I check and edit the MTU?

The way you can check your Maximum Transmission Unit is by accessing the Wireless Settings via the indicator on the panel at the top of your desktop.

Click on , and then select 'Edit Connections...' from the menu.

You will see a line of tabs:

And should select the one which holds the Internet connection you're having trouble with. For this example, I have made a fake Internet connection. The settings should be the same for all types of connections.

Select the connection you're having trouble with, and click 'Edit'.

By pressing edit, the following window will pop up:

You should then check the MTU value. If it is not on Automatic, you may want to change this.

I know they're the most well done ticks and crosses ever. No need to be jealous.

If your data is larger than the MTU, then it is simply split up into multiple packets.

Thanks to Andrew for clarifying and correcting


Ubuntu software center does not show screenshot previews after fresh install of 17.04

First, try the following commands and see if the problem is fixed:

sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Launch the Software Center and check, if the problem still persists:

sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get install -f

This should solve the problem.

If it still doesn't fix the problem, the following should solve the problem:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get autoremove gnome-software
sudo apt-get install gnome-software


Will Partitioning My SSD For Dual Boot Cause A Performance Drop? Tips?

I was puzzled by the same question before dual-booting my laptop with Ubuntu. Now that I'm done with partitioning my Samsung 850 EVO drive, I can say from experience that partitioning has no visible effect on SSD performance. My system is as snappy as always. Both Windows and Ubuntu work flawlessly. I have 100GB system partition, 300GB for games/programs, 40GB for Ubuntu and the rest for OP. There are 2 smaller partitions, 450MB recovery & 100MB EFI.

While day to day tasks don't feel slow, I should point out that benchmark results from Samsung Magician show reduced random IOPS. Sequential read/write are 544/520 MBPS which is fine. But Random read/write which used to be around 88k IOPS now shows ~44k IOPS. I don't know what's causing this. Maybe it's assessing only C drive?

As for unallocated space, depending on manufacturer, SSDs may need anywhere between 5%-12% of total capacity. For performance/reliability, you may want to have a look at this guide -

http://www.thessdreview.com/ssd-guides/optimization-guides/the-ssd-optimization-guide-ultimate-windows-8-edition/


How can I assign the key Super+M» to minimize all windows in Ubuntu 12.04?

A quick workaround would be to remove the Unity Music Lens.

Open a terminal (hit Ctrl+Alt+t) and type:

sudo apt-get remove unity-lens-music

You will be asked for your password. Type it in and hit Enter.

Then log out and log in again.

Now you can assing Super+M to minimize all windows through System Tools ▸ Keyboard ▸ Shortcuts ▸ Navigation ▸ Hide all windows


First you uninstall the Blender that you have installed from the Software Center. Then open your Terminal and enter the following:

 sudo add-apt-repository ppa:irie/blender
 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get install blender

That will install the latest Blender 2.68 in your Ubuntu.


I got brightness control to basically (but not perfectly) work on my ASUS G75VW-DH72 by following these steps:

Add the line Option "registryDwords" "EnableBrightnessControl=1" in the appropriate Device section of the /etc/X11/xorg.conf file.
Do sudo pico /etc/default/grub and add acpi_osi=Linux and acpi_backlight=vendor to the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT variable.  Press Ctrl+O to save.
Run sudo update-grub to rebuild grub.cfg.
Reboot.

It's not working perfectly for me yet; I have to press the backlight hotkey twice before it registers, and then when it registers it increments the brightness by 2 instead of by 1, so I only have 6 accessible brightnesses.  You can do better by directly writing integers into /sys/class/backlight/asus-nb-wmi/brightness.  If you find solutions to those problems, please let me know!

The nvidiabl thing did not work for me at all when I tried it.

This page is a useful resource:
http://www.linlap.com/asus_g75vw


How do I restore important data for image.dd? Photorec will lose file names and will scatter the information

Image of a partition

If the image.dd file is an image of a partition (or an iso file), you can easily loop mount it and read the files. Change directory to where you have the file and mount it.

sudo mkdir /mnt/pt1
sudo mount -o loop image.dd /mnt/pt1
cd /mnt/pt1
ls -l *
...

Image of a whole drive

If the image.dd file is an image of a whole drive (a HDD, SSD, pendrive, memory card), it is possible but more complicated to loop mount a partition. You may succeed with kpartx.

In this case it is probably easier to restore from the image file to a drive with at least the same size as the original drive from where it was cloned. Please notice that this drive will be overwritten, so all previous data on it will probably disappear.

You can do that with dd (simple but risky], or with mkusb, which 'wraps a safety belt around dd' by helping you identify the target drive and giving you a final checkpoint.

In Windows there is Win32DiskImager that can also clone with a final checkpoint.

After restoring you can connect the drive,

either while running an operating system, and mount the partition(s), browse and read files there,
or boot from the drive, if it a system that can boot your computer, and get into its partition(s), browse and read files there.


No sound after monitor sleeps with speakers through HDMI

PulseAudio switching off HDMI sound on Suspend
This "undocumented feature" appeared with Ubuntu 16.04 and new version of PulseAudio 8.
Create a new file /lib/systemd/system-sleep/tv-sound and copy in:
#!/bin/sh

case $1/$2 in
  pre/*)
    echo "Going to $2..."
    # Place your pre suspend commands here, or `exit 0`
    # if no pre suspend action required
    sleep 1
    ;;
  post/*)
    echo "Waking up from $2..."
    # Place your post suspend (resume) commands here, or `exit 0`
    # if no post suspend action required
    sleep 2
    export PULSE_RUNTIME_PATH="/run/user/1000/pulse/"
    sudo -u rick -E pacmd set-card-profile 0 output:hdmi-stereo
    ;;
esac

NOTE: replace user name rick (third line from the bottom) with your user name.
Then mark it executable with the command:
sudo chmod +x /lib/systemd/system-sleep/tv-sound

An additional step might be required if output:hdmi-stereo (the device for most people) is different on your system.


xrandr missing hdmi output after install nvidia driver

Thank you for posting the link to the answer! This also fixed the problem for me.

The Nvidia forum lists more steps. But the following worked for me:

edit the file /lib/modprobe.d/nvidia-kms.conf. Change the line options nvidia-drm modeset=1 to options nvidia-drm modeset=0.
Run sudo update-initramfs -u.
Then just reboot your computer.

After this, my HDMI output worked perfectly.

It is also worth noting that the HDMI port is not detected when I am using the "Intel (Power Saving Mode)" PRIME profile. However, the HDMI port works fine again when I switch to the "NVIDIA (Performance Mode)" profile.


How can I dismiss a notify-send notification with a keyboard shortcut?

just came across this searching for my own solution. i found in keyboard shortcuts there is a reference to "Focus the active notification" which you can set to whatever hotkey you want, then use esc key to dismiss.


How to install DKMS package and put it as root!

Let's break down your problem:

  it will keep on saying dkms package is already installed

Good job! That means it is already installed and can be used.

  I don't know how to put it into root

To run a package with elevated permissions, start it using the sudo command like so:

$ sudo dkms

This will prompt you for you password for the root account, then run it as root.

Good luck!


Is there any simple way to edit shortcuts for any app?

Try this:

Open System Settings, then Keyboard, and then the Shortcuts tab.

Is this what you're looking for?


What does the "install alongside Windows" feature do exactly?

It will use the "unallocated"/"free space" partition. In this case the 80Gb one.

When in doubt opt for the manual option.


There are few:

Visual Paradigm,
MySQL WorkBench,
fabForce designer,
SQL developer
JDeveloper

good luck


How do I hide the location indicator in Ubuntu GNOME?

I did it by removing geoip-database and geoclue-2.0.
It also asks to remove the gnome-maps and gnome-weather due to dependencies issues.


To put some output to file you can use

ls /path_to_folder/ > list.txt

This will put output from ls command to file with name list.txt witch will be created on curent location.


Connected to the Internet but can't download softwares

check my post in Wired Internet doesn't work on ubuntu 12.04

If you have set up a static IP addressing you may have to look up the DNS Server that you set up in the interfaces conf, but if you left it as dynamic (DHCP) then check the resolv config (don't modify the resolv.conf as your settings will not me maintained. Modify the BASE file as my suggestion at the link above.

Comment if you need further help


Super+D (show desktop) changes which value?

You can use the wmctrl (Window Manager Control) program to get information about and influence your window manager. In your case you will want to use the -m switch to get the window manager information.

$ wmctrl -m
Name: GNOME Shell
Class: N/A
PID: N/A
Window manager's "showing the desktop" mode: ON

The last line is the one you are interested in.


You could create your own little script that runs the backup program, then shuts the computer down. If you then create a .desktop launcher for it and place that in ~/.local/share/applications, then an icon for that script will appear in your applications overview. You could then start the backup and shut down from the applications overview.


Date & time format in Krusader - is it changeable at all?

Ok, after intensive googling I found the answer myself.

This is where all have to be done:
~/.kde/share/config/kdeglobals

In this file I had no section for locale. After adding the following lines:

[Locale]
Charset=iso8859-1
Country=ru
DateFormatShort=%d %b/%y
Language=en_US
MonetaryThousandsSeparator=$0.$0
ThousandsSeparator=$0.$0

I now may change the date/time format in Krusader just as I want, by playing with DateFormatShort.


Ubuntu 18.04 will only boot in recovery mode on HP Proliant dl380 G5

I believe I have discovered the fix to my particular issue. I followed the instructions on this page https://github.com/RadeonOpenCompute/ROCm

This installs the Radeon Open Compute Platform, which from what I understand allows AMD GPUs to operate on a Linux system.


/var/www/html is created when you install Apache HTTP server.

You can install Angular without Apache.

Check this out How to install Angular


I don't know which of these steps really are necessary or how you should go about it if you want to preserve special settings for which you need to modify files in ~./steam (I only got one change I have to make so it's not a big deal for me to delete this folder) which might be particularly annoying if you have many Steam games but they are the ones I took that made it work, again:

Uninstall TF2 in Steam.
sudo apt purge steam
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt autoremove
rm -R ~/Steam
rm -R ~/.steam
Restart the computer.
sudo apt install steam
Install TF2 in Steam.


you have to run both:

 bootrec.exe /fixboot
 bootrec.exe /fixmbr

An then restart


This site says:

If you don't know the path to a file, simply type the name of the file. If the file is a recently opened document, KRunner will list it for you. If you have enabled "File Search" provided by Baloo daemon, you can also search your computer for the file by its indexed contents. KRunner will also open folders you've bookmarked in Dolphin (in your Places sidebar) if you type their name in. What's more, if you want to access devices on your system (both mounted and unmounted), you can do that, too. KRunner will even provide device-specific options.


I have not found a solution and I am going to assume that this is a hardware problem.


How can I install ubuntu on virtual box with just command prompt

Download from ubuntu.com the ubuntu server 12.04 LTS .iso image (for server always use the latest LTS edition).
Create a new VM machine (512 MB RAM)
In storage settings change empty DVD with the .iso (first boot)
start the vm machine. (it will boot from .iso)
Follow the Ubuntu server installation instructions.

ubuntu server and windows environment

first in ubuntu server run:

sudo tasksel

and choose for install openssh and samba server

on windows

download and install putty and winscp

with putty you can manage ubuntu server through windows and

with winscp you can copy delete etc ubuntu server files and directories


I have to add Weather extension in my gnome3 toolbar

Don't like that very much check neroth fork