Ubuntu 12.04 hangs on install using VMware Player on Windows 7

Try disabling the network in the VMWare player. This worked for me.


The repository method alone does not work because you are not using Ubuntu 17.04 (Zesty), which is the release for which the package was built, as you can see in the ppa:

The easiest alternative is to "pin that package" (this is, to tell your Ubuntu to accept a package that is not build for your version). To do so, open a terminal, and type:

sudo nano /etc/apt/preferences

Then, copy to it the following:

Package: gcc-7
Pin: release n=zesty
Pin-Priority: 990

Finally, save the file (press Ctrl+X and then Y).

Now, after a sudo apt-get update, install with sudo apt-get install gcc-7. It should install all required dependencies too.

Note: as a development package, it might require newer libraries which your current Ubuntu version does not have. This might break some packages.

As an alternative to the above method, you can build the package from the source yourself. Get the source files from here. Compile following these instructions.


Ubuntu MATE - Shutting down wifi hardware to conserve energy RaspberryPi

The OS can not turn off WIFI-WH and, even if it could, it would not affect the battery.

nmcli radio all

reports the kernel's rfkill status for all radio devices.  As per rfkill's kernel documentation:

  The rfkill subsystem provides a generic interface for disabling any radio
  transmitter in the system. When a transmitter is blocked, it shall not
  radiate any power.

and

  The rfkill subsystem has a concept of "hard" and "soft" block, which
  differ little in their meaning (block == transmitters off) but rather in
  whether they can be changed or not


My Ubuntu Server filesystem just crashed. Need some help! How to recover files or filesystem?

Its running on VMWare so before I attempt anything insane I will copy over the image and see what I can recover.

Yes,Make sure you have backed up existing crashed image before any attempt to recover files from there. Since you are vm image,I'm not sure about recovery procedures, may be checkout http://libguestfs.org/ It allows you to browse disk images.  (If its not a vm image,ext3grep would be really useful). You may also want to try out forensic tools sluethkit,foremost,testdisk and extcarve. HTH


Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

sudo dpkg -r install-info
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo apt-get upgrade


Why ubuntu SDK do not Highlight HTM code?

I assume you're asking about syntax highlighting in Qt Creator, the IDE associated with the Ubuntu SDK.  If not, you'll need to clarify what you're talking about.

In Qt Creator, select Tools > Options > Text Editor > Generic Highlighter.  Ensure the check box next to "Use fallback location" is checked.  Also, ensure that there is a path in the text box below this.  On my system, this path is /usr/share/qtcreator/generic-highlighter.

While Qt Creator is excellent with QML and C++ files, I find it rather poor for HTML files.  I tend to use my text editor of choice to actually edit HTML files for my HTML5 project, and only open Qt Creator to run the project on an emulator.


Cannot install netflix desktop on ubuntu

and are these repos still supported?

No and they never where supported.

  or any suggestion that I can watch it offline on chrome as well?

The only way is to use the netflix app for Windowss, Android or MacOS so no if you want to use netflix to watch a series or movie. For a notebook I would suggest installing windows, netflix app in there and watch from that.


I was able to solve the problem by using LILO instead of GRUB and configuring EasyBCD to load that instead, I had to edit /etc/lilo.conf and replace lines with root = /dev/sda3 and boot = /dev/sda3. Not perfect, but at least it works now.
`


Ubuntu 12.10, Intel 945GM and Google Earth

Look here
https//bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1030190

or search here

This guide offers an alternative method of loading i915 driver


How to stop Ubuntu (as VMware guest) from automatically logging out when host (Windows) display turns off

Definitely not an answer; was posted as a comment ...

Happens with native instance too, albeit 18.04. There was a 'debate' long ago on Gnome bugtracker about this and it ended with thread being closed with no definitive solution past 'should be fixed in 18.04.'
Interesting thing to add could be that I've never had this issue until switch to DisplayPort connection. Even when using DP->DVI active adapter.

Now it annoys me beyond belief.

Best guess is 'monitor off' signal never reached graphic driver before and so system had nothing to act upon. What is beyond my understanding is logic underpinning decision that system with monitor turned off should have no active session regardless of said session's state. I suppose it could be just a copy from server behavior where nobody ever locks screen and this 'feature' is sort of marriage between convenience and security insuring admins don't stay logged in accidentally.


Whole system is broken after failed libc6 upgrade attempt

Read the rest of the the thread, its strongly recommended you don't do that.
You have probably broken the system quite badly, to fix you should run a temporary Ubuntu from a USB device.
Once you have a desktop you can use (running from a USB) install the original libc to the harddisk, you will have to use the dpkg from the temporary ubuntu because if you chroot everything will be broken.
Find your system's / and mount it.
you will need to use dpkg's
--instdir=dir
and avoid running any scripts in the libc deb since they will likely be dependent on libc in some way.


Failed to start systemd-resolved.service . systemd-resolved.service: Failed with result 'resources'. [1]: Failed to start Network Name Resolution

I am a novice contributor. Would like suggetions to improve the answer !!
Although a lot of errors are raised by #systemctl status systemd-resolved.service
The main issue was resources.
This issue was caused by the absence of tmp directory in var
i.e. /var/tmp/ was absent.
Solution:
# mkdir /var/tmp
# chmod 777 /var/tmp

777 permission is a bad practice for webservers as it gives read/write access to every user. So please use it accordingly
Then to start the service, I performed:
 # systemctl enable --now systemd-resolved.service
# ping google.com gives successful result.
Solution was inspired from https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=249619
PS:
For other errors:
May 19 11:15:15 kv-server systemd[1]: systemd-resolved.service: Service has no hold-off time, scheduling restart.
May 19 11:15:15 kv-server systemd[1]: systemd-resolved.service: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 5.

You can view https://serverfault.com/a/1032451
For good resources on systemd-resolved name resolution view:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DtFjrJdnWAU
https://moss.sh/name-resolution-issue-systemd-resolved/
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/328131/how-to-troubleshoot-dns-with-systemd-resolved


Thanks to all that responded. I typed CTRL-ALT-F1 and the console monitor and keyboard came on.  Thanks again


Connection to MYSQL with command line using the password in quotes

You need to add double quotes before and after you password

 my_pass="some_password"

 #or in the case you're getting the password from a command-line argument

 mypass="$1"
 mysql -u user -p"$mypass"

Or if you have $$ in your password ( bash will evaluate this to its PID
number) you have to add \ before the $$ in your password :

./script.sh some_arg1 some_arg2 some_pass_\$$

But note that this is not secure to pass the password as a parameter in the command line in the plain text form because that line might go to your ~/.bash_history.


Change of graphical text interface, to completly text interface

When reconfiguring a package with dpkg-reconfigure, you can choose between the dialog interface and a text-based readline interface on the command line using the -f or --frontend switch, e.g.

sudo dpkg-reconfigure -f readline tzdata

Alternatively, you can change the default frontend by reconfiguring the debconf package itself. From man dpkg-reconfigure:

   -ftype, --frontend=type
       Select the frontend to use. The default frontend can be permanently
       changed by:

        dpkg-reconfigure debconf

       Note that if you normally have debconf set to use the
       noninteractive frontend, dpkg-reconfigure will use the dialog
       frontend instead, so you actually get to reconfigure the package.


Screen Tearing - Ubuntu 20.04 with Nvidia/Intel graphics(Nvidia Optimus)

First of all install Nvidia driver.
Solved by:

Open the /lib/modprobe.d/nvidia-graphics-drivers.conf file and add
the following line:
options nvidia-drm modeset=1

Run this command:
sudo update-initramfs -u

Installing Nvidia driver commands:

List available drivers:  ubuntu-drivers devices
Install the best driver: ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
Check for successful installation after a reboot: nvidia-smi


Open NVIDIA X Server settings -> PRIME PROFILE -> Select "INTEL (Power saving mode)
Restart the device
Verify by Opening settings -> About -> Graphics

or

Disable the NVIDIA driver using sudo prime-select intel
Restart the device
Verify which drivers are being used prime-select query


Lubuntu 19.10 & 20.04: How to tile windows? The window tiling section is missing in lxqt-rc.xml

Edit dated 20200526: thanks to this question, I realized that another solution would be to change the shortcut for showing/hiding the LXQt menu to something like Meta+Space. In other words, if one sets Meta+Space to show/hide LXQt's menu, the "pure" Super is available for use in ~/.config/openbox/lxqt-rc.xml. No need to use the combination of C+W detailed below. Your 18.04 lubuntu-rc.xml will work now in Lubuntu 20.04 (and 19.10).

This answer is applicable to Lubuntu 19.10 and Lubuntu 20.04

And, for clarity, the file used in the Lubuntu session should be ~/.config/openbox/lxqt-rc.xml and that in a pure Openbox session should be named ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml

In How to snap windows?, a member of the Lubuntu team suggests including some code in lxqt-rc.xml to bring back window tiling and also addresses the conflict I mentioned in the question:

  ... in 19.04+, you’ll run into conflicts with lxqt-globalkeys using
  the key to open the menu, so either disable that, reconfigure that, or
  use something other than the Windows key here.

Please look at the keyboard shortcuts section in the manual for Lubuntu 20.04 which has the list of default keyboard shortcuts but also mentions this:

  Global-keys will take preference over openbox bindings. If a key is used in Global-keys, it will not work in Openbox keyboard shortcuts. For example if the W(indows) key opens the LXQT application menu (equivilant of the windows start menu) in Global-keys, Openbox commands like window resizing (W + arrow keys) will not work correctly. Keep this in mind when using and editing keyboard shortcuts.

If one wants the same tiling shortcuts that were used in Lubuntu 19.04, here they are in a somewhat modified form. I've included using the Control key together with the Super key and the relevant arrow key instead of just the Super key and the relevant arrow key.

One important point with the keyboard shortcuts listed below is that the user must first press and hold the Ctrl key and then press and hold the Super key and then press the relevant arrow key before releasing all the keys. If the user first presses the Super key first, and then presses the Ctrl key, the shortcuts will not work.

    <!--
        Lubuntu specific.
        Keybindings for window tiling
    -->
    <!--
        # HalfLeftScreen
    -->
  <keybind key="C-W-Left">
    <action name="UnmaximizeFull"/>
    <action name="MoveResizeTo">
      <x>0</x>
      <y>0</y>
      <height>100%</height>
      <width>50%</width>
    </action>
  </keybind>
    <!--
        # HalfRightScreen
    -->
  <keybind key="C-W-Right">
    <action name="UnmaximizeFull"/>
    <action name="MoveResizeTo">
      <x>-0</x>
      <y>0</y>
      <height>100%</height>
      <width>50%</width>
    </action>
  </keybind>
    <!--
        # HalfUpperScreen
    -->
  <keybind key="C-W-Up">
    <action name="UnmaximizeFull"/>
    <action name="MoveResizeTo">
      <x>0</x>
      <y>0</y>
      <width>100%</width>
      <height>50%</height>
    </action>
  </keybind>
    <!--
        # HalfLowerScreen
    -->
  <keybind key="C-W-Down">
    <action name="UnmaximizeFull"/>
    <action name="MoveResizeTo">
      <x>0</x>
      <y>-0</y>
      <width>100%</width>
      <height>50%</height>
    </action>
  </keybind>

After the edits, open a terminal and run openbox --reconfigure for the keybinding to take effect. Alternatively, log out and log back in.

I didn't include keyboard shortcuts for maximizing or minimizing windows because these actions and many others can easily be accessed by pressing Alt+Spacebar. Note that Openbox prefers to use iconify instead of minimize.


Nvidia gtx 1060 not booting and freezes on ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS

You need to disable Secure Boot in BIOS.

nvidia: module verification failed: signature and/or required key missing - tainting kernel

Nvidia driver does not load.

See this question for explanation.


Where is my keyboard, mouse and other HCI devices mounted in linux?

You can get a list of USB devices connected to your machine via the command:

lsusb

You can monitor input events from USB and other devices via:

evtest

which will also tell you the device path (e.g. mouse and keyboard, as well as power button, etc.) in /dev/input/event*.  You might need to install the evtest package for that.

This is a script (taken from this answer on Unix SE) which searches /sys looking for USB devices (i.e. the ones with a ID_SERIAL attribute):

#!/bin/bash

for sysdevpath in $(find /sys/bus/usb/devices/usb*/ -name dev); do
    (
        syspath="${sysdevpath%/dev}"
        devname="$(udevadm info -q name -p $syspath)"
        [[ "$devname" == "bus/"* ]] && continue
        eval "$(udevadm info -q property --export -p $syspath)"
        [[ -z "$ID_SERIAL" ]] && continue
        echo "/dev/$devname - $ID_SERIAL"
    )
done


Brand New To Ubuntu...need help updating from 16.10 to newest version

These steps will help you to upgrade to 18.04 Bionic Beaver which is supported till April 2023.

First, you need to run the following command to change all instances of yakkety to bionic in the source list file.

sudo sed -i 's/yakkety/bionic/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

After that, update software sources and upgrade software to the latest version available in the Ubuntu 18.04 repository. This step is called minimal upgrade.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Once minimal upgrade is finished, run the following command to begin full upgrade

sudo apt dist-upgrade

After that, you can remove obsolete/unneeded software packages from your Ubuntu system.

sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt clean

Finally, reboot the system.

sudo shutdown -r now

You should now see the Ubuntu 18.04 GNOME login screen. GNOME is the default desktop environment, but you can choose Unity desktop on the login screen.


Will Nautilus Elementary be available for 11.10?

No, because the developer felt insulted by the Ubuntu developers after some comments at a UDS, and after the GNOME Developer rejected his patches (as they always do), so he stopped development of it.

You can use Marlin instead.


Any "tags" you set in Rhythmbox, are not set in the files themselves, but only in the library database of Rhythmbox. You can simply right click on any song in your library, choose Properties, and edit the title and artist for the track. This will save the values in the Rhythmbox database, and the audioscrobbler plug-in should use those values to post them to last.fm or libre.fm.


What is the meaning of a folder whose name is user and IP address of the server I connect to?

This happens to me often.  It's one of two things:

# Notice the missing ':' after host?
scp -r foo/ user@host

# in this case, with or without the ':', the `cp` is what's wrong.
cp -r foo/ user@host
cp -r foo/ user@host:

Usually, it's the first example that I mistype. I forgot the :, which scp treats as more or less a literal cp command.

For the second part of the mystery -- Since you also mentioned the folder is write protected, likely you included a sudo in front of one of these commands at one point.  Again, I've done the same thing many times.

References:

See the discussion at this q/a for more background.


Unable to install Ubuntu alongside windows 7

I found that if I format the partition to a raw partition in windows I can format it installing to ext4 and I never got the error.


When plugged in my laptop's CPU load gets higher

I presume this behavior is inconsistent with the settings for the power manager in your system settings?  I found the same as you, that Ubuntu doesn't handle laptop power management very well "out of the box".  I had to install laptop-mode-tools.  So far I have seen much more typical power consumption without having to configure it.

If you're just interested in seeing what's going on first, install powertop.  That will show you what's consuming the most power and give suggestions on what options to turn on and off.


Could someone please tell me what is the difference between them?

What you are seeing is because dpkg -l only queries the already installed (or removed but not purged) package. apt-cache search search all repositories independently if it's installed or not, so if you need to know if a package is available you may use apt-cache if you want to know if a package is installed you may use dpkg --list.


Best practice for encrypted external ssd

Does this make sense?

Yes, it does

Which filesystem should I choose?

This depends on your needs. I use ext4 because I am used to it and also use it on my laptop's /home partition. I also do not care for non-linux interoperability (by the way if you use luks for encryption you probably do not care either).

Any features I should watch out for when buying the ssd?

This is off topic on this site and unfortunately something I can not answer. I tend to buy cheap external disks, but I also have always two active backups.


systemd-resolved not resolving specific domains

I think that your /etc/resolv.conf symlink is wrong.

Currently you show...

~$ ls -al /etc/resolv.conf

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 39 Oct  3 16:43 /etc/resolv.conf -> ../run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf

I believe that it should point to resolv.conf, not stub-resolv.conf. To change it, we'll do this...

sudo rm -i /etc/resolv.conf # remove old symlink

sudo ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf # recreate symlink

See if that helps in any way.


No internet connection after update 12.04

I found a solution in a number of places:
Open the file /etc/resolv.com
(you can use a terminal and enter sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf)

add a line nameserver 8.8.8.8 #This adds a google dns

However, this solution is not permanant, as it seems to be overwritten with certain updates...


How to convert the time.time() to normal datetime format in linux?

From the looks of your code I assume that you are using this for a python script. Because of this, we'll have to proceed this way:

 import time
 now = time.ctime(int(time.time()))
 print("the now time is ") + str(now)

Which, using your example timestamp, should give you the following output:

 Thu, 28 Jun 2012 07:10:11 GMT

However, I would just go ahead and use ctime instead of time to avoid having to convert the timestamp.

If you'd like only the time, you could use this approach instead:

 import time
 now = time.strftime("%H:%M", time.localtime(time.time()))
 print("the now time is ") + str(now)


How to avoid someone using the "sudo" command to get unauthorized root access to my computer?

Don't add the specific user you don't want to give sudo access to sudo group.

sudo uses the configuration file /etc/sudoers and all files under directory /etc/sudoers.d/.

By default, the line in /etc/sudoers that dictates this behavior is:

%sudo   ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

Means all users of the sudo group can execute any command as any user on the system.

For legacy's sake there is a line for admin group too:

%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL

which is mostly unused nowadays.

So by default, unless you add the user to the sudo group, the user won't be able to execute commands using sudo.


Windows not loading after Dual Booting windows 10 & ubuntu 15

To access files on Windows, you can mount your Windows partition with read-only privilege. eg.

sudo mkdir /media/windows

sudo mount -t ntfs-3g -o ro /dev/sda3 /media/windows

This works for me on my Windows 10 & Ubuntu 15.10 dual booting system.

To enter into Windows 10, you should check your boot sequences in bios settings by selecting Windows UEFI boot method.


Why can't I get to a shared folder from Windows

Try running this command on your Ubuntu server:

sudo -u nobody ls "/path/to/my/share"

That will try to access your shared folder as user nobody.  If you see an error like this:

ls: cannot access /path/to/my/share: Permission denied

then your local permissions are the problem (or at least a part of it).

Samba uses Linux filesystem permissions to determine whether it should grant access to shared files; if permissions block access to the shared folder itself, Samba will refuse to allow other machines to connect to the share at all.  Guest access uses the nobody user (from group nogroup), so you should use the 'other user' file permissions to ensure that guests can access your shared folder.

It's important to check permissions on all the directories leading from / down to your shared folder too: if a user doesn't have execute permissions for a directory then they're prevented for accessing any paths below that point, including your share.  (I created the ls error message above by removing 'x' permissions from an intermediate directory.)

Let's say you wanted to share /mnt/external/ntfs-drive/folder.  You could add the 'x' permissions on all the parent directories with this command:

sudo chmod o+x /mnt /mnt/external /mnt/external/ntfs-drive

You also need to set read, write and execute permissions for the shared folder and any contents, but for parent directories execute permission is enough.


I had this happen once and it came down to issues with compiz. Disabling Desktop Effects may also help: System -> Preferences -> Appearances-> Visual Effects

As far as alternative clients, I use and recommend FreeRDP.


Are there any limitations in working in Ubuntu in Windows Subsystem for Linux on Windows 10?

The limitations Ubuntu in Windows Subsystem for Linux on Windows 10 are less and less over time and changing from being limitations due to missing functionality in WSL to limitations due to Ubuntu's learning curve.

Integration between Windows and Linux
The Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) is continuously improving integration between Windows and Linux. You can:

Run Windows tools (i.e. notepad.exe) from a Linux command line (i.e. Ubuntu).
Run Linux tools (i.e. grep) from a Windows command line (i.e. PowerShell).
Share environment variables between Linux and Windows. (Build 17063+)

Run Linux binaries from the Windows Command Prompt (CMD) or PowerShell using wsl <command> (or wsl.exe <command> ). Binaries invoked in this way:

Use the same working directory as the current CMD or PowerShell prompt.
Run as the WSL default user.
Have the same Windows administrative rights as the calling process and terminal.

The Linux command following wsl (or wsl.exe) is handled like any command run in WSL. Things such as sudo, piping, and file redirection work. source
Mount ext4 filesystems
Starting with Windows Insiders preview build 20211, WSL 2 will be offering a new feature: wsl --mount. This new parameter allows a physical disk to be attached and mounted inside WSL 2, which enables you to access filesystems such as ext4 that aren't natively supported by Windows from Windows File Manager and PowerShell.
GPU Compute, WSL Install and WSL Update arrive in latest Insider build for WSL 2

GPU support for WSL arrived in the Dev Channel preview of Windows 10 build 20150 under Microsoft's reorganized testing structure, which lets it test Windows 10 builds that aren't tied to a specific future feature release. Microsoft announced upcoming GPU support for WSL a few weeks ago at Build 2020, along with support for running Linux GUI apps. The move on GPU access for WSL is intended to bring the performance of applications running in WSL2 up to par with those running on Windows. GPU compute support is the feature most requested by WSL users, according to Microsoft. The 20150 update includes support for Nvidia's CUDA parallel computing platform and GPUs, as well as GPUs from AMD and Intel. It also supports DirectML (Direct Machine Learning), Microsoft's Windows 10 API for hardware-accelerated machine learning. Slashdot

What's coming to WSL
Install WSL with a single command
One common complaint about WSL is that it's not easy to find and enable. Microsoft is working on some improvements to the wsl.exe command-line tool to help you install WSL. Soon you will be able to simply install WSL by entering: wsl.exe --install in your command-line.

This command will be added to every Windows machine so that all you need to do is open a Terminal window elevated with administrator privileges and run wsl.exe --install. From there the WSL optional components will be enabled, and your specified distro will be downloaded and installed for you automatically upon restart.
You can expect to see initial releases of this feature in the next few months in the Windows Insiders Fast Ring.
WSL 2 will be the new default when installing for the first time
We're also introducing the change to make WSL 2 the new default distribution type when installing WSL for the first time. WSL 2 brings significant improvements and we found that the majority of our users on Insider branches are using WSL 2 distros. When developing wsl.exe --install it made sense for it to default to what people are using: WSL 2, and we've included this as well for any new installations of WSL when enabling the 'Windows Subsystem for Linux' optional component. You'll see these changes in the Insiders Fast ring in the next few months alongside the wsl.exe --install improvement.
WSL will support GPU Compute workflows
Adding CUDA and/or GPU Compute support to WSL has been our #1 most requested feature since our first release! Over the last 3+ years, the WSL, Virtualization, DirectX, Windows Driver teams, and our silicon partners have been working hard on a complex engineering feat to deliver this capability.
This is why we're thrilled to announce that we will start previewing GPU compute support for WSL in Windows 10 Insider builds within the next few months.
Initially, the GPU compute capability will support two scenarios:

NVIDIA CUDA

Supports existing Linux tools & workflows used by professionals

DirectML

Initially targeting beginners and students, leveraging DirectX 12 capable GPUs from several vendors
The team will be releasing a preview package of TensorFlow with a DirectML back-end enabling hardware agnostic acceleration of AI & ML workloads across the breadth of Windows hardware – DirectML will also support native Windows too, including TensorFlow on Windows.

Once this preview is released, you will simply need to ensure that you have the latest Windows Insider Fast build, WSL 2 installed, install the correct driver for your GPU from the hardware vendor, and then you'll be ready to start developing, training and testing your machine learning and AI models inside of WSL.

This change will be released to the Windows Insiders Fast ring in the next few months. For all the details of what this change means and how it was made possible, please read the DirectX Developer blog post.
Adding Linux GUI app support to WSL is on our roadmap
One of our other most prolific requests is to support not just command-line apps, but Linux GUI apps as well. For example, some users want to run their preferred Linux GUI text editor or IDE in a Linux environment and work on their code stored locally within their distro's filesystem, or simply develop Linux GUI apps on their Windows machine.
Our goal is for you to be able to run Linux GUI apps on your desktop seamlessly alongside your Windows apps. This will enable you to use Linux apps to edit, build, and run your code, visualize data plots in Python, or even use applications that are optimized for a Linux environment.
At BUILD we demonstrated an early version of this work, running a few GUI sample apps directly from WSL such as Eye of Gnome, gedit and the mpv media player. These apps connected to a wayland server running inside of WSL, which communicated with a RDP client on the Windows host. You can see a screenshot of this in action below where we're running the GNOME file manager in WSL and Outlook side by side.

These changes are on the WSL's team roadmap and you can expect to hear more about this work by the end of 2020, at which time this answer will be updated.
Source: The Windows Subsystem for Linux BUILD 2020 Summary


Use clock override extension to achieve this.

After opening the extension's preferences, under "text to display instead of the clock" tab enter %I:%M %p%n %d/%m/%Y.

%n is responsible for next line and for the rest of formats check here.


Glitchy screen when using DVI and main user

Warning: Take your time reading this first sentence:

Before typing the following keystroke, remember that Ctrl+Alt+F7 is your friend.  This is the keystroke to type to get back to where you are right now.  (probably your guest session) OK? Remember? Sure?

OK! Now press Ctrl+Alt+F1 to go to TTY1, which is a full screen terminal (and only a terminal: no mouse, no dash, no nothing).  Try to log in there.

It does show your user name when you type it after the login: prompt, but does not show anything when you type your password!  Oh, and you have to type Enter after you typed your user name and before it shows you the password prompt.

Now type the following commands: (assuming "jam" is your old user name)

sudo adduser jam2

and follow the instructions on-screen.  If you're not on a US keyboard, don't use any "special" characters like £ à ŷ ü nor any numbers unless they're from your keypad.

Now type the following commands:

sudo adduser jam2 adm
sudo adduser jam2 cdrom
sudo adduser jam2 sudo
sudo adduser jam2 dip
sudo adduser jam2 plugdev
sudo adduser jam2 lpadmin
sudo adduser jam2 sambashare

(If any of the above gives an error like group not found, don't worry: I'm trying to be thorough)

Now, log out of the guest session and log in as "jam2" and come back here to this site and "accept" the answer by clicking on the little grey check-mark below the "0" to the left of this answer, thereby accepting the answer as valid and the next person asking the same kind of question will be able to use it as well.

Done?  OK?

Now,

open the file manager
browse to the /home/jam directory
copy (not move!) all the files from Downloads to /home/jam2/Downloads
check you did a good job.
Now delete /home/jam/Downloads
Go back to step 3 and repeat for Documents, Videos, ...

Done!


How do I change local display resolution via SSH?

In your ssh session try running

export DISPLAY=:0

prior to the xrandr call.  That will let xrandr know to use the local display rather than the one you've logged in from.

So, you're going to do something like:

  $ ssh my_machine
  ...
  $ export DISPLAY=:0
  $ xrandr --output VGA1 --mode 800x600

Replace VGA1 with whatever the name of your display is, and 800x600 with whatever resolution you're trying to achieve.


More than 2 GB RAM useful running default apps?

You mention you're using 64-bit Ubuntu on a 2GB system. The main advantage of 64-bit is the ability to address more memory, but for 2GB you don't really need it. Another advantage is that 64-bit code is slightly faster to execute, but if you're actually feeling the system be sluggish you  may be hitting the swap file due to memory exhaustion, which negates the speed advantage.

The downside is that 64-bit uses up more memory than 32-bit. This is a good tradeoff if you need a system to handle more than 4 GB RAM, but for systems with 3 GB and below, this is a non-issue as 32-bit can do that just fine.

Your question is whether to upgrade to 4 GB RAM. More memory is always good, but if you don't have a specific need for it, you could instead install Ubuntu 32-bit, which can handle 2 GB just fine, and should be noticeably faster on your system.


TLP will happily work with any kernel.
Disclaimer: I'm TLP's author.


How do I delete sources.list.d and add/install it again?

You can remove all custom repositories by running

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*
sudo apt update


Are Click packages obsoleted by Snappy packages?

Click is still in use for the Ubuntu Phone, but that will migrate to snappy pretty soon.

Snaps in 15.04 are the new click, but even they are still in development.

The target form of snaps will be in 16.04 LTS, where they become compressed filesystems, so totally self-contained and totally, provably, immutable. That's where we finally get the perfect transactionality and also space efficiency we want.

My recommendation would be to start playing with snapcraft now, it's a neat way to make snaps, and it will handle the transition to the new format naturally for you. Anything you build with snapcraft today will become a new-style snap when that's ready.


Can't Boot to Linux (or Windows) After Windows 10 Tried Repairing Disk

You can try the following.

1) Boot your computer from the USB stick and copy files important to you to the external HDD.

2) If you see that access to your files is denied when you boot from USB or CD (it often happens), take your HDD to any HDD enclosure and copy files important to you to another computer.

3) If you want to copy anything from ext4 partitions, another computer should run Linux. There are also some tools to read ext4 partitions from Windows 8x, you can use them if you are comfortable with them.

4) Install Windows 8.1  (not 10!!!) first. Don't accept any options to upgrade to Windows 10 since this system has some unpredictable behaviors. Choose clean installation and erase this HDD completely. Don't try to keep your old OS and data, it will just create a mess. If you don't want dual boot anymore, skip this step.

5) Install Ubuntu to any separate physical HDD. Choose clean installation and erase this HDD completely. Don't try to keep your old OS and data, it will just create a mess.

6) Run sudo update-grub in the terminal if you have installed Windows and want your dual boot back.


Wine overrides for FONTSUB.DLL not working

A bit of research about the «wine dll fail» in general, together with live testing on my system shows that most probably your WINEPREFIX get screwed somehow. To check it you can simply backup it with mv ~/.wine/ ~/.wineBCKP, and rerun installation — now it should succeed, and the app should work. It worked for me, though I'm running wine-1.9.1 staging, but I think the version should be here irrelevant (unless we're comparing with very ancient one).

And by the way, why do you even tackle with wine — they have GNU/Linux version as well :Ь


Google as DNS set. Nslookup fails if not specified which server to use, but if the Google server is specified, it works

Thanks to @meccoooll, I have found a solution to my problem:

Turns out that resolv.conf was a symlink to itself. I have never seen anything like this and I do not know how could that happen, but it did on a fresh install of Ubuntu 16.04.

The fix is simple, run

# rm /etc/resolv.conf
# ln -s /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf


Lenovo Ideapad 130s-11igm RTL8821CE Wireless not working

Start by using the this code.

sudo apt-get install --reinstall git dkms build-essential linux-headers-$(uname -r)

git clone https://github.com/tomaspinho/rtl8821ce
cd rtl8821ce
chmod +x dkms-install.sh
chmod +x dkms-remove.sh
sudo ./dkms-install.sh

After rebooting machine you will have access to "WIFI" in settings.

If you have a device that has an "airplane" mode key towards the top of the keyboard press it. While the settings have a way to disable the mode it's required to press the key on the computer. Once this is done you will be able to turn the WIFI on.


Should I install Ubuntu 18.04 LTS or 16.04 (64 bit) for Core i5 M540?

18.04 uses the 4.15 kernel which has some protection against Spectre and Meltdown attacks, so it's worthy of consideration.

I would suggest Xubuntu or Lubuntu; since this isn't a gaming-class machine, you might not need the full features of the GNOME desktop environment, and as noted above, with these systems you avoid the memory leak issue in the current Ubuntu build.


Logging in with a root user via ssh is disabled by default. You can login with non-root user and then run su or sudo to run commands with root privileges.

Take a look at this link which explains how to enable root logins if that is something you want. The page itself is tailored for red hat but you shouldn't have any problems getting the same solution to work for Ubuntu 14.04.


Is re-enabling Secure Boot in UEFI secure?

Yes, you can safely re-enable Secure Boot. It is very unlikely that something has been damaged.
Afterwards change the default boot loader from grubx64.efi to shimx64.efi in BIOS | UEFI.
Otherwise Ubuntu tries to boot with the unsigned boot loader - which of course does not work.
Alternatively you can do it before changing the Secure Boot settings with built-in efibootmgr:

To list the currently active boot loader files - execute this command : sudo efibootmgr -v
Change the boot order by running sudo efibootmgr -o XXXX,YYYY (X,Y = entry number)
In case shimx64.efi is not listed, you can add it by executing (X = disk | Y = EFI partition) :
sudo efibootmgr -c -w -d /dev/sdXY -p 1 -L "ubuntu" -l '\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi


Netplan bond fails using WIFI and Ethernet on rpi4

This looks like a bug in the netplan parser.  To file a bug against netplan upstream, please use https://bugs.launchpad.net/netplan.


New Kubuntu 12.10 on new hardware locking up

The problem was with a defective video card. Removing the card and using the onboard VGA output resolved the issue.


How do I add custom cursor themes in xfce4?

Cursor themes need to be placed in ~/.icons then they will show up in Settings > Mouse and Touchpad > Theme


Can anyone offer advice on a S4 battery drain issue I"m having?

Looks like updating from Kernel 5.4 to 5.9 fixed the issue. In a 16 hour period in hibernation, the battery level dropped 1% vs the 20%+ on the previous kernel. The logs also show a specific ThinkPad ACPI module being loaded.
Dec 18 16:04:45 ThinkPad kernel: [   14.783480] thinkpad_acpi: ThinkPad ACPI Extras v0.26
Dec 18 16:04:45 ThinkPad kernel: [   14.787791] thinkpad_acpi: This ThinkPad has standard ACPI backlight brightness control, supported by the ACPI video driver


Ubuntu 17.10 is in French when I set English

Thanks to comments on the question, I checked my .bashrc file and I still had some traces of a previously set locale:

export LC_CTYPE=fr_BE.UTF-8
export LC_ALL=fr_BE.UTF-8

Removing them solved the issue.


PyCharm Debug Tool Window simply desapear

In PyCharm, the "Debug" tool window is typically only visible when you are actually running an application in Debug mode within PyCharm.

Set up an execution profile for your application, and then run it in Debug mode, which will enable the debugger.  This will bring up the 'Debug' tool window/tab you're looking for.

(There is a similar window/tab for 'Run' as well, but is basically the same except for debug options and tools that only shows up when running the application in non-debug mode as well)


How can I give internet priority to wifi instead of ethernet?

For Ubuntu 15.10, the procedure is more precise where your wired network does not advertise a default route.

Again, follow Network Connections into your Wired Connection and IPv4 Settings. Click Routes... and tick Use this connection only for resources on its network.

Now can you can proceed with more than one interface but retain Internet connectivity via your choice of interface.


I have seen the instructions and its mentioned properly. Look at the 1st instruction

cd /usr/java/ but to do this you actually need to become as a root user. so modify it as

sudo cd /usr/java

Now move the downloaded file to /usr/java . so here you can use cp or mv but sudo is must.I mean

sudo cp <here path where you have downloaded the java file> .

dont forget the . in the above command because . will indicate current location.

so now you have copied ,downloaded java.tar to /usr/java location.
Then untar it

tar zxvf jre-7u7-linux-i586.tar.gz

Now configure your firefox. Uninstall previous Java add-on of firefox & close your firefox.

Now final step

Create a symbolic link to the libnpjp2.so file in the browser plugins directory

Go to the plugins sub-directory under the Firefox installation directory

cd <Firefox installation directory>/plugins

Create the symbolic link

ln -s <Java installation directory>/lib/i386/libnpjp2.so

here this is your java installation directory.

/usr/java/jre1.7.0_07

after doing all the process successfully , just restart your system to apply the changes we made.

hope that it can help you.


Gnome login screen only displays on LED TV

I had the same issue, what helped is:

Set your monitors the way you want in: Settings->Displays
Save it
Copy your monitors.xml from ~/.config/monitors.xml
Paste it to /var/lib/gdm3/.config/
In /etc/gdm3/custom.conf changing from #WaylandEnable = false to WaylandEnable = false
Restart

Step 5 is enabling the usage of Xorg.
This might help:
cp ~/.config/monitors.xml /var/lib/gdm3/.config


How vulnerable are you by installing a desktop on Ubuntu Server?

It sounds to me that what you're looking for is an easier way to manage Ubuntu Server than strictly through the terminal.  An intermediate step, in terms of security, is a web based administration package:
ISP Config
Zentyal
Ajenti

Credits: Is there a tool for web based system administration?


Is it safe to use /data or /vol mounted filesystem for external HDD?

Generally best practice is to mount the drive according to it's purpose, which is why unix systems have this standardised filing system. For example, if you are going to use the drive as a home drive then you might consider mounting it as /home. Have a look at The linux filing system hierarchy to see if the usage of the drive fits in here. You may want to mount it as a sub-directory within one of these locations (e.g. /opt/teamsoftware)

If the drive is for just your use then you can mount it in /media or anywhere in your home folder.

If the drive is for a shared purpose, for example a project folder, then I suggest using an unused root folder name such as /projects.


How do I get my Sony VIAO to connect to Bluetooth devices?

this problem is related to kernel , whenever a kernel upgrade happens, the status of working or non working bluetooth toggles with it, ha.ha..ha


Trouble with Nvidia GPU and Ubuntu 16.04

To boot I had to edit the linux line on grub with acpi = off nouveau.modeset=0 Then I had to update the kernel to generic 4.7. Things seem to work now.


g++: error: /usr/lib64/atlas/libsatlas.so: No such file or directory

As noted in the software's README.txt file:

This program has been built on a fedora18 x64 machine and tested on
Mac OS X.  *No assistance* will be given to compile the code on
other OS.

One way that appears to work (I've only tested it with ./deepmatching --help) is:

install the libatlas-base-dev package and its dependencies

run
 make clean
 make LAPACKLDFLAGS="$(pkg-config --cflags --libs blas-atlas)"

Note that this is almost certainly not the only way and quite possibly not the optimum way, since there is a multitude of different BLAS/LAPACK/ATLAS implementations available in Ubuntu. See for example What is the relation between BLAS, LAPACK and ATLAS


I don't think that it is possible to save a juju VM or service. I think it is not designed for this behavior.

Here are two options, which may help you:

1.
If you need a some specific information, config-files or data which is in you juju VM, you can take a Snapshot of the VM (If you are allowd by you provider). Later you can restart the VM and access the data but you will not have the full environment if you destroyed it.

2.
Maybe easier is to create a second environment in your file: ~/.juju/environments.yaml and let the first one running. This way you can use you first environment whenever you want. Set the second environment as default to access it directly with all you juju-commands.

The environments.yaml should look like this:

juju: environments
default: env3
environments:
 env1:
   ...environment settings...
 env2:
   ...environment settings...
 env3:
   ...environment settings...


How can I ctrl-alt-f# to get to a TTY in a QEMU session?

sendkey can be used to send keys to the virtual system that your host intercepts at low level - such as Ctrl + Alt + F*.

Use Ctrl + Alt + 2 to switch to the QEMU console.
Type sendkey ctrl-alt-f1 and press Enter.
Use Ctrl + Alt + 1 to switch back to the virtual system, which should now by at TTY1.

Once at a virtual terminal, you should be able to use the chvt command, e.g. sudo chvt 7 to go back to your X session.


How to change terminal background picture on Ubuntu 18.04?

Sadly, this option no longer exists. See Bug 698544:

Comment 1 (2013-04-22) is Christian Persch's (rather incomplete) answer to the bug report.

  No.

Comment 45 (2013-05-13) by Allan Day provides further details.

  I've spoken to Christian and he has filled me in on the background to this issue.

  The ability to set background transparency was removed as a part of a much larger clean up of the gnome-terminal code base. This modernisation effort is much needed and it should be remembered that the terminal has an old and complicated code base.
  Background transparency was also known to cause a range of performance issues, including slowness and memory leaks.

  Given the number of active terminal developers, the need to clean up the code base and known bugs with background transparency, it was decided that the resources were not available to maintain background transparency and keep the quality to the required level.

  We understand that some users are disappointed by the disappearance of this feature, and we hope that they understand that this decision was made to enable other improvements to the terminal code, and that it will lead to other improvements in the long run.

  While Christian’s initial response could have been better, he has responded in detail in private mail and I suspect that he was simply tired of the issue.

* Bold is mine.

** This answer makes Persch sound like an arsehole, but that is not my intention. Read Day's last sentence for context.


Are you sure you want to proceed? on login after editing .bashrc

Not really sure why it would produce that specific message but you certainly don't want that command in your .bashrc. It is a very bad idea, for various reasons:

.bashrc is read each time you open a terminal. Do you really want a second terminal to launch each time you open one?
Why would you want to mount all drives each time you open a terminal or start a new shell? Any drives mounted by mount -a will already be mounted at startup anyway. If not, just run it manually, once. Why run it multiple times?
That will cause a terminal to appear asking you for your password each time a shell/terminal is started. Why would you want that?
This is a minor point, but there's absolutely no point in using -i when you're giving sudo a command to run. The -i is only useful when you want to start an interactive root shell.

In any case, this is clearly an XY problem. I suggest you post a new question explaining what you are trying to achieve and we can give you a better way of doing it.


Try holding down the Option (or Alt) key as you power on the computer and it sounds its chime. This should bring up the computer's built-in boot manager.

If that fails, and if the computer boots to Ubuntu, you could do one or more of three things:

Use efibootmgr -- The efibootmgr tool controls the computer's boot order. Typing sudo efibootmgr shows the entries. There should be an entry for ubuntu, which you can delete with sudo efibootmgr -b #### -B, where #### is the boot number; or you can use -o to set a new boot order, as in sudo efibootmgr -o 80,81,82 to set Boot0080 first, Boot0081 second, and so on. (OS X generally uses 0080 and above for itself.)
Delete GRUB -- Ubuntu installs GRUB in the /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu directory (EFI/ubuntu on the EFI System Partition [ESP]). Deleting this directory, or at least the grubx64.efi and shimx64.efi files it contains, will prevent it from running. The computer should then try the next available boot entry, which should be OS X; or enter an automatic recovery tool.
Reset the NVRAM -- See this official Apple page for information on how to reset the computer's NVRAM. I'm not 100% sure of this, but I believe that doing so will reset the boot order options, thus solving your problem. (Note that this should work even without access to Ubuntu.)


I removed compiz and now I can't login to Ubuntu

I uninstalled compiz because it was eating 400+ GB of RAM. This resulted in the Ubuntu 14.04 login screen looping which led me to this posting. I ended up using ctrl-alt-F1 to get a terminal and running:

sudo apt-get install compiz
sudo apt-get install unity
sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

I could now login and see my desktop but the Unity interface was missing (the taskbar on the left-side, the clock, etc). I needed to run ccsm but ctrl-alt-t didn't work and I ended up getting a terminal by opening a folder on my desktop and navigating to /usr/share/applications to run the terminal. In ccsm I re-enabled the Unity plugin and after rebooting things were working again.

To re-iterate, the problem is that Ubuntu needs Compiz to login and Unity to give you an interface. Unity is a plugin of Compiz and needs to be re-enabled. I used ccsm but there may be other ways such as using pico or some other text editor to edit Compiz configuration files directly.


Create or modify the file /etc/gdm/custom.conf, and write the following content:

[daemon]
TimedLoginEnable=false
AutomaticLoginEnable=false
TimedLogin=enzotib
AutomaticLogin=enzotib
TimedLoginDelay=30
DefaultSession=gnome

where enzotib should be replaced with your username and gnome could be replaced by

gnome - for Ubuntu
gnome-classic - for Ubuntu classic
gnome-2d - for Ubuntu classic (no
effects)


I did the smart check via a live CD, and when I first visited the Disks, the /dev/sda was OK, with 57 bad sectors. After running a short and a conveyance, the test failed:

In this case the disk is not ok. It's at best dying, and depending on where the sectors are they may effectively make the disk unlikely. The bad sector count will not go down; it will only increase - often relatively fast.


To close the question:  when the temperature raises the fan starts to run in a smooth way.  Well done Ubuntu with this OS update!


Can I get the ip from another computer connected to my ubuntu one account?

Do you need to get it when that computer starts or constantly check the ip?

To to it when the computer starts, you can create a script that writes the public ip to a file in the Ubuntu One folder.

On the computer who's IP you want to find out

1. Install curl:

sudo apt-get install curl

2. Create a file and paste this (let's call the file: "getip" and place it in the home folder):

#!/bin/bash
curl icanhazip.com > ~/"Ubuntu One"/ip

3. Make the script executable:

chmod +x ~/getip

4. Add the "getip" script to the startup applications (simply browse for it).

That's it. Now when the computer starts, a file called "ip" is created in the "Ubuntu One" folder (and on each restart, the file is overwritten with that computer's public IP).

If you want to do this for multiple computers, simply replace "ip" in the command above with an unique name for each computer.


Web server woes - only display home page on all sites

Ok my bad, the rewrite module was not loaded, I was looking at the old server! All is well and Note To Self, and others, the rewrite module is not enable by default on Apache / Ubuntu installs!!! :( :(


KDE desktop metapackages

There are many ways to install the KDE desktop. The kde-standard (http://packages.ubuntu.com/raring/kde-standard ) doesn't have the KDE screen setup modules as dependencies. They can be installed later.

KDE screen setup modules

The new: Kscreen

:~$ apt-cache show kscreen
Package: kscreen
Priority: extra
Section: universe/kde

Description: KDE monitor hotplug and screen handling  The KDE multiple
monitor support is trying be as smart as possible  adapting the
behavior of it to each use case making the configuration  of monitors
as simple as plugging them to your computer.

This package contains the modules and plugins for monitor hotplut and  automatic screen handling.

Homepage:https://projects.kde.org/projects/playground/base/kscreen

The old: kde-workspace-randr

:~$ apt-cache show kde-workspace-randr
Package: kde-workspace-randr
Priority: optional
Section: universe/kde

Description: randr tools from kde-workspace  Screen resize and rotate
tools from KDE Workspace.

Homepage: http://www.kde.org/

Both modules can be installed side by side. Both have own quirks: http://www.kubuntuforums.net/showthread.php?62632-How-do-I-undo-display-resolution-changes


Installing 32-bit libnvidia-gl alongside 64-bit version

Here is a thread on steam's github page about this exact problem. There are some solutions/workarounds there, but I didn't have time to check them all (or didn't like workarounds that break package manager) and simply gave up on that for now. Right now I have v460 driver with additional :i386 libs (I added foreign architecture before) and removed CUDA for now.
The cleanest way in my opinion is to run a Rapids docker container with CUDA environment. This on the other hand forces you to learn docker, configure your new docker environment and may introduce some other docker related problems, but at least it's the one solution that keeps it all clean and separate from your raw system. In the github reply to this issue there is a further explanation on how to do it. If you don't really mind this setup, then It may be your way to go.
In my case there was also a problem with installing additional :i386 libs (they disabled the driver and removed :amd64 packages) because of some drivers and cuda repository conflict. I also had to purge nvidia with cuda completely, remove the cuda repository from /etc/apt/sources.list and install nvidia driver again (now with libnvidia-gl-460:i386). If you have problems you can always check status of your libs and drivers with:
apt-cache policy nvidia-driver-460 libnvidia-gl-460 libnvidia-gl-460:i386


WPMathA etc. is from Correl Word Perfect and Correl allows you download those fonts (although I didn't find any license in the self-extracting zip archive).  Don't fear the *.exe as it works just fine if you unzip it.  The FILE name for the WP MathA font is Wphv06na.ttf and it doesn't get less gruesome.

Example:

sudo chown $USER /usr/local/share/fonts/
cd /usr/local/share/fonts/
wget http://www.corel.com/akdlm/6763/downloads/WordPerfect/wpwin/9/wpfonts.exe
unzip wpfonts.exe
sudo chown -R root /usr/local/share/fonts/
sudo fc-cache

The next hurdle is that the PDF has WPMathA but the font cache has WP MathA:

fc-list | grep local.*MathA
/usr/local/share/fonts/Wphv06na.ttf: WP MathA:style=Normal
fc-list -v | grep -c WPMathA
0

Your mission is to create the missing configuration files with the required aliases to tie WPMathA to WP MathA.  After that you can relax by building an aircraft carrier out of toothpicks.

mkdir -p ~/.config/fontconfig/
echo '<?xml version="1.0"?>' > ~/.config/fontconfig/fonts.conf
xmlcopyeditor ~/.config/fontconfig/fonts.conf

insert:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<!-- $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf for per-user font configuration -->
<fontconfig>
  <alias>
    <family>WPMathA</family>
    <prefer><family>WP MathA</family></prefer>
  </alias>
</fontconfig>

Don't forget to rebuild the cache again. Didn't need root/sudo for me.

fc-cache

By this time acroread has stopped complaining about the missing WPMathA and the ghostscript bugzilla bug 687595 has a comment that fontconfig support was added in 8.60 but I guess they lied.  If you still insist on creating a PDF with the embedded font even though the one you have should be working by now you can read ghostscript bugzilla bug 692001 which I will quote right here:

  Comment 2 Ken Sharp 2011-02-28 11:44:42 PST

  There are 2 ways to do this:

  1) Locate a genuine CIDFont named Arial, place it in
  gs/Resource/CIDFont and then tell Ghostscript to use disk files as
  well as the built in file system. This is done with the -I command
  line switch (eg -I/gs/Resource).

  2) Use a TrueType font as a replacement. To do this you need to edit
  gs/Resource/Init/cidfmap and add an entry for the font (Arial),
  specifying the TrueType font to be used instead and some other
  parameters. You must then also tell Ghostscritp [sic] to use the
  specified file, again using the -I switch as above.

  You can also use an existing CIDfont with a different name as a
  replacement by specifying this in the cidfmap file.

  Please refer to the documentation in :
  /gs/doc/Use.htm

  Look for "CID fonts" and "CID font substitution".

You will have to apt-get install ghostscript-doc to get the file:///usr/share/doc/ghostscript-doc/Use.htm Ken refers to.

The file to update is /var/lib/ghostscript/fonts/cidfmap just add this line /WPMathA << /FileType /TrueType /Path (/usr/local/share/fonts/Wphv07na.ttf) /SubfontID 0 /CSI [(Identity) 0] >> ;

And run gs -o embedeed-font.pdf -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -dEmbedAllFonts=true -I/usr/local/share/fonts/Wphv06na.ttf no-embedded-font.pdf

Please read file:///usr/share/doc/fontconfig/fontconfig-user.html for background information. It will tell you to please see XDG Base Directory Specification for more details because there you will find the defaults for the $XDG... series of environment variables none of which are set to anything on 14.04 as far as ps axwwe shows.


I managed to break both my windows and my linux

I would try to boot the computer from a CD or a USB or a network, and see what do the partitions on your boot disk look like. Also check for disk integrity.

If the partitions and their contents appear as they should, then before proceeding further, we'll need answers to the following -
1) Which OS did you install first, Ubuntu or Windows ?
2) Are you using UEFI ?
3) Is secure boot ON/OFF ?
4) Does your computer hardware support 64-bit ? Please share the entire specs if possible.

There are some known issues with dual-boot. You must follow the instructions at How do I install Ubuntu alongside a pre-installed Windows with UEFI? verbatim.


how do I exit from xfce4-screenshooter -r without taking a picture?

Use timeout command to run the screenshot tool with a time limit.

Add a new application shortcut with the following command.

timeout 15 bash -c 'xfce4-screenshooter -r -s $HOME'

Then, press any keyboard keys of choice for the command shortcut. I had used Shift+Print keys in my testing. Now press again the keys to invoke the command.

Why those options

-s PATH is to specify directory at PATH where the screenshot will be saved. This option will skip the dialog to select action i.e. save, copy to clipboard that is shown before "Save As" dialog. This will reduce user interaction by several seconds.

bash -c '... $HOME' is to specify the environmental variable of Home directory of current user, using bash shell. This is convenient, rather than using direct path as /home/USERNAME.

Wait or kill

When timeout has reached the duration, the specified command i.e. Screenshooter will be terminated, regardless of screenshot has been taken and saved or otherwise. The command doesn't require a separate shortcut to exit the application. Wait for specified duration to exit on its own.

If the specified duration is quite long to wait, user can either:

Change the timeout duration from 15 to smaller value in seconds
Exit immediately by using the shortcut keys for killall xfce4-screenshooter as suggested by @linuxode

The latter seems to be an easier workaround, rather than changing the timeout duration that depends on time taken by user to select a region and saving the screenshot with different name, if any. This is why I had suggested 15 seconds and not lesser than that.

Even better, set optimal duration (neither too short nor too long for user to wait) and use both of the workarounds that will allow user to either "wait or kill", to exit Screenshooter in Xfce.

Disclaimer: This answer suggests a workaround, not a definite solution. The best answer would be to use Esc key that is supposed to work properly with Screenshooter in Xfce. I'm unsure if the said issue is still occurring in Xfce newer than 4.10 or else.


These are virtual filesystems created by the kernel and provided to the rest of the OS at run time. They don't actually exist on your harddrive, but are instead transparently created at boot time. There are quite a few of them, the ones you ran into: /dev, /run, and /sys, and a few more, such as /proc.

They are used primarily for providing the OS access to kernel-ly things such as block devices such as your harddrive (/dev), run time sockets/configs/etc (/run), hardware features such as a battery or display backlight and kernel features such as cgroups (/sys), and information on running processes (/proc).


Intercepting calls to rm, and directing deleted files to trash instead

There's a recipe on webupd8.org for this. To prevent link rot, here's the important information (with a few additions).

sudo apt-get install trash-cli

This will install trash, empty-trash, list-trash and restore-trash commands, which you can use as-is or make rm an alias of trash (see below).

The semantic of the trash command is a bit different then the standard rm - it doesn't require -r flag in order to be able to delete directories. If this bothers you, webupd8.org proposes the following script, which you can put in your PATH and call it trash-rm:

#!/bin/bash
# command name: trash-rm
shopt -s extglob
recursive=1
declare -a cmd
((i = 0))
for f in "$@"; do
    case "$f" in

        (-*([fiIv])r*([fiIv])|-*([fiIv])R*([fiIv]))
            tmp="${f//[rR]/}"
            if [ -n "$tmp" ]; then
                #echo "\$tmp == $tmp"
                cmd[$i]="$tmp"
                ((i++))
            fi
            recursive=0
        ;;

        (--recursive) recursive=0
        ;;

        (*)
            if [ $recursive != 0   -a  -d "$f" ]; then
                echo "skipping directory: $f"
                continue
            else
                cmd[$i]="$f"
                ((i++))
            fi
        ;;

    esac
done
trash "${cmd[@]}"

In Ubuntu 12.04 and later, the last command in the script should be trash-put "${cmd[@]}" instead of trash "${cmd[@]}" (as the command has changed from trash to trash-put).

Then make the script executable:

chmod +x trash-rm

Once you have it in some directory in your PATH, add an alias to your ~/.bashrc, which will make bash to invoke your script instead of the actual rm command:

alias rm="trash-rm"

As djeikyb correctly points out, the .bashrc alias trick would only work for the user whose .bashrc is modified, and only in bash terminal session.

And that should be it.


Help setting up e4rat, no startup.log after e4rat-collect

had the same problem and just solved it (at least for me).
The site E4rat ArchWiki helped.

I edited the /etc/e4rat.conf, set verbose and log level both to 31, uncommented the rest (may not be necessary) and changed the log file path (log_target) to /var/log/e4rat
.

Then I rebooted, set the init=/sbin/e4rat-collect, waited the 120 secs and checked the log file. It turned out, that it couldn't find the file (or folder?) it supposed to create (var/lib/e4rat/startup.log). So I created the folder and the file manually. And after another boot with e4rat-collect it worked.

Hope it helped and wasn't too late :-)


Gnome native host connector not working with Snap apps

You don't need to install GNOME extensions from extensions.gnome.org. In 18.04 and later it's more convenient to install GNOME extensions directly from Ubuntu Software.

In Ubuntu 18.04 and later GNOME Shell Extensions can be installed from the Ubuntu Software app. Do a keyword search for "GNOME shell extensions" and the type of app you are searching for.

You can also search from all of the available GNOME Shell Extensions on the same screen by pressing Add-ons button which is located under the Categories heading. In the Add-ons screen select the Shell Extensions tab and you will see all the available GNOME Shell Extensions.

Clicking on a GNOME Shell Extension in the list of search results will bring up its screen which will often show screenshot(s).
Clicking on the       Website        button will open its website in a web browser where you can view a larger sized image of the same screenshot that was shown in Ubuntu Software.
Clicking on the         Install          button will install the extension.


Is it possible to change the permissions for the symbolic link?

While not an exact duplicate, this answer should provide a hint:

$ ls -l
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 vidarlo users 0 May 21 19:10 a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 vidarlo users 1 May 21 19:10 b -> a
$ chmod 755 b
$ ls -la
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vidarlo users 0 May 21 19:10 a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 vidarlo users 1 May 21 19:10 b -> a

In short: symlinks does not have permissions. Anyone can read where the symlink points to. The permissions of the target determines the access.

As Rinzwind points out, the -h flag is for *BSD versions of chmod. It does not work on GNU versions of chmod.


This is not a problem - it is a configuration setting.

Updated as per your comments:

Ahhh - I guess you have the newest format by default. If you want those icons you need to start Unity in 'Classic' mode.

The alternative is to follow the instructions at Ubuntugenius, the simplest version being to type this in a terminal:

gsettings set com.canonical.Unity.Panel systray-whitelist "['all']"

and then refresh Unity


cannot find command added to Path - sail_align

As you can see, program sail_align and sail_parallel are located in:

    /home/maximus/perl5/bin

and this path doesn't present in your $PATH variable that is used by bash in order to resolve command location.

You can add your path to environment variable: edit your /home/maximus/.bashrc and add at the end:

   PATH="$HOME/perl5/bin:$PATH"

than:

   cd /home/maximus
   source .bashrc

and redo your command


How to create a common ext4 [ read / write ] partition with all ubuntu users?

This problem is commonly solved by adding all users into a group and then using sticky bit in directory's permissions to make sure all files in the directory are owned by that group.

Then the users will have permissions to add/delete files in the directory by virtue of being members of the group.


Why does my proftpd server refuse the connection?

Open FileZilla
Click on Edit from the top menu, then click on Network Configuration Manager.
If this is your first time configuring FileZilla's network settings you will be at the Firewall and route configuration wizard.
Select Passive (recommended) and Allow fallback to other transfer mode on failire and click Next.
On the Configure passive mode page select Use the server's external IP address instead and click Next.
Select the Get external IP address from the following URL option, then you can leave the default of http://ip.filezilla-project.org/ip.php
Finally on the Configuration test page, click on Test. If you don't receive any errors than you should be good to go.


Bluetooth not working on RTL8723D laptop - hci0 didn't find patch for chip id 2 , firmware error for rtl_bt/rtl8723b_config.bin failed error -2

Please see: https://github.com/lwfinger/rtlwifi_new/issues/158 The notification is a warning, not an error. As you can see, in the log, the driver goes on to load rtl8723b_fw.bin. I don't believe missing firmware is an issue. I also doubt that renaming similar but not identical firmware is an appropriate fix.


Two-Finger Scrolling in LXDE (Ubuntu 12.10)

I found an answer here and have summarized it below.

TWO-FINGER SCROLLING

Create and/or edit a file called mouse.fdi like so:

sudo leafpad /etc/hal/fdi/policy/mouse.fdi

Paste in this stuff:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<deviceinfo version="0.2">
 <device>
  <match key="input.x11_driver" string="synaptics">
   <merge key="input.x11_options.VertEdgeScroll" type="string">true</merge>
   <merge key="input.x11_options.HorizEdgeScroll" type="string">true</merge>
   <merge key="input.x11_options.MaxTapTime" type="string">0</merge>
  </match>
 </device>
</deviceinfo>

Save! Reboot! Done!

BONUS: "NATURAL SCROLLING"

Enable "natural scrolling" (AKA "reverse scrolling") by creating a file in the home directory called .Xmodmap like so:

leafpad ~/.Xmodmap

And paste in this stuff:

pointer = 1 2 3 5 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Save! Reboot! Done!

DOUBLE BONUS: DISABLE TAP-TO-CLICK

Open the session autostart file:

sudo leafpad /etc/xdg/lxsession/Lubuntu/autostart

And append this stuff (or simply run it from the command line for a one-off solution):

synclient MaxTapTime=0

Save! Reboot! Done!


Cannot decrypt hardrive. Password not accepted

So I finally figured it out. I went onto my Arch Linux install and used lsmod to find any encryption related kernel modules that I may be missing. I found twofish_common and twofish_generic (I am using the twofish cipher) and added these both to my initramfs. It now works.

I find this very weird because it worked prior to the update and these modules were not specified. Oh well I got it to work now. Many thanks to anyone who had a look and may have tried to figure out what was going on!


Why does Ubuntu keep trying to connect to a WiFi network while plugged into an ethernet

Well, it obviously should check for ethernet connection first, so it's a bug, and you should file a bug report against the network-manager package.

ubuntu-bug network-manager

For more info, see the bug filing howto: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ReportingBugs

Meanwhile, disable auto-connecting to that network:

right click the network applet in the panel
select "Edit Connections..."
select the Wireless tab and double click the network
uncheck the "Connect Automatically" box


Will Ubuntu have full tablet functionality on a Lenovo Tablet PC?

The Lenovo Thinkpad X220i Tablet is Ubuntu certified (for 11.10), as is the ThinkPad X201 (for 10.04).

The Lenovo Ideapad S10-3T (keep in mind that this is a convertible netbook/tablet as opposed to a "pure" tablet) was featured in this episode of the Linux Action Show, and apparently works very well with 12.04 (numerous threads on the Ubuntu Forums indicate that this model is not at all well-supported by earlier versions). If I recall correctly, screen rotation functionality was still lacking, but the LAS guys had set up a simple workaround.

While multitouch was added to Ubuntu a couple of years ago (as per this article) and I have seen YouTube videos of the S10-3T (as well as other tablets) that show multi-touch working very nicely (such as this one), the research I have done has not turned up any information about actually getting this to work, and has yielded many examples of unsuccessful attempts. Basic single-touch functionality is all there though, and I'm sure multi-touch will come soon enough. Until then though, it is worth mentioning that you can use a program called Touchégg to create useful touch gestures.


There is a PPA by Webupd8 team.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/brackets
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install brackets

Webupd8 offers many PPAs. You can get PPA for  atom and sublime also from here


pepperflashplugin-nonfree package installation fails since Chrome 54 is out (October 12th, 2016)

The package pepperflashplugin-nonfree downloads the Chrome for Linux Debian package (.deb) from Google and extracts the Flash PPAPI plugin (libpepflashplayer.so) to make it available to other browsers system-wide.
The package pepperflashplugin-nonfree is broken since Google changed the method of distribution of the Flash plugin with Chrome 54 for Linux; libpepflashplayer.so is not directly bundled in the Debian package anymore.
A bug report is available on Launchpad.
Since the Flash plugin is often affected by critical vulnerabilities and pepperflashplugin-nonfree currenlty fails to update the plugin, pepperflashplugin-nonfree should not be used anymore and either adobe-flashplugin from Canonical Partner or no Flash plugin at all should be used.
If you use Flash you can check the version of your Flash plugin on this support page on the Adobe website.


Why am I getting _parse_usage error on function invocation in bash?

It turns out that the error comes from bash-completion package (apt install bash-completion). Reinstalling it had no effect, so it was not corrupted. After some trial and error I traced the trigger of this error to an innocent looking line

set -a

in a file sourced from .bashrc

Exporting all new variables in .bashrc is therefore not a good idea, unless you turn the option off again using

set +a


Kodak ESP 1.2 Printer not printing on ubuntu 12.04

you could try selecting "KODAK HERO 9.1 AiO" these drivers work for my esp 1.2


Normally when there are issues with a program in WINE (especially one that is meant to be supported) the best thing to do is to install winetricks. This allows you to install things such as extra link libraries. I have never used NotaBene and there appears to be no info on which (if any) tricks it needs, just that it should work in WINE. I would suggest installing winetricks:

sudo apt-get install winetricks

then running the following to install some common libraries:

winetricks msxml3 msxml4 wsh56 msscript comctl32 jscript

at some point the installer may stop and ask you to download some files it normally opens the website and the folder to download it to. After this you may need to re-run the command to do the install (I can't remember if it pauses or stops, the terminal is quite informative if you read the output).


Dual Boot Windows 7 & Ubuntu-Win7 does not show in Grub menu

I think you made a mistake while partitioning the drive, so most probably the Windows 7 is formatted or else it should have showed up in output of fdisk -l command.

One final solution you can try is re-installing GRUB BOOT REPAIR. Type these commands in terminal.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

This will fix the Grub boot loader and will display windows 7 if its still there.


Computer often freezes because of Webpack

Your system is freezing because your swap space is too small. Not because of webpack or vscode, per se. You may also need to increase your RAM size to 16G (use two equal size RAM sticks).

We can see this with the free -h command...

              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           7.7G        6.5G        390M        550M        835M        399M
Swap:          2.0G        2.0G         52K

Note that the 2.0G swap is completely used up.

We also note that the entry in /etc/fstab for swap is incorrect...

sudo -H gedit /etc/fstab

Change:

/swapfile                                 none            swap    sw

to:

/swapfile                                 none            swap    sw  0  0

To increase the size of your /swapfile, use the following procedure. BE CAREFUL, as incorrect use of the dd command could cause loss of data... a good backup would be useful...

sudo swapoff -a           # turn off the current /swapfile
sudo rm -i /swapfile      # delete the current /swapfile
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096 # lets try 4G first
sudo chmod 600 /swapfile  # set the correct permissions
sudo mkswap /swapfile     # initialize the /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile     # enable the new /swapfile

Use the free -h command to verify 4G swap, and to monitor your swap and RAM usage.


Spaces are replaced with colons when transporting the environment variables into WSL because of using OpenFoam

I think you have several problems in here.

Executing a windows binary program from a WSL Linux Shell.
You're executing Windows, so why don't you run your program from Windows CMD, a .BAT file, or Powershell?.

In any case, make sure that you have enabled this in /etc/wsl.conf
[interop]
enabled=True

Please note: This option is available in Insider Build 17713 and later.

Why the problem with the path, transforming spaces to : ?
I don't know. In Linux spaces in the path are represented by:

\

(bar and a space, inside quotes, or space if not using quotes)
So I think you need to replace your PATH by what you have by replacing:
d/ProgramFiles/VS_Code/Microsoft:VS:Code/bin
by:
d/ProgramFiles/VS_Code/Microsoft\ VS\ Code/bin
Please check:
/etc/wsl.conf
You should have:
[interop]
appendWindowsPath=True

Please, check options in [automount] section.
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/wsl-config#configure-per-distro-launch-settings-with-wslconf
If you need to patch your PATH every time you can do a script like fixpath.sh:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
PATH=$(echo "$PATH" | sed "s/Microsoft:VS:Code/Microsoft\ VS\ Code/")
export PATH

Then you run:
source ./fixpath.sh

Cheers


How to install gnome extensions through firefox using Ubuntu-Gnome 14.04.1

In firefox's menu: Add-ons > Plugins and select Always activate for the Gnome Shell Integration plugin.


Ubuntu utilities disappeared but still show up in "Show Applications"

I reinstalled gnome-software, so it could finally detect the disappeared packages.

To do it, proceed in your terminal:

sudo apt --purge remove gnome-software

Then:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install gnome-software

Jeez, I'll never ever install utilities with GUI.


Something blocks Ctrl+Alt+left/right-arrow keyboard combination

Ctrl+Alt+← and Ctrl+Alt+→ are default shortcuts for "switch to workspace left" and "switch to workspace right" respectively. You can verify that by running

gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-to-workspace-left

(and right in place of left).

Since by default GNOME shell has single column workspaces these shortcuts show no effects at all (unless you try something like this).

To unbind these keyboard combinations, run

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.keybindings switch-to-workspace-left "[]"

(similarly for right). Then you'll be able to use these combinations for your custom shortcuts.


Firefox updated preferences & addons without asking?

Those multiple tabs are the Firefox add-ons telling you they've updated themselves, and you can disable that behavior in Firefox.  On the menu bar at the top of the Ubuntu screen, go to Tools -> Addons, click on Extensions, then use the Options or Preferences button for each add-on you have installed.

The changed home page is Firefox updating itself.  You can reset that to what you want under Edit -> Preferences.  (It annoys me that this isn't under Tools -> Options as it is in Windows Firefox, but that's a Firefox issue, not an Ubuntu issue.)


You can choose your custom categories but is not recommended. Instead
is better use well known categories

this link is usefull to read:
Desktop Entry Specification

this is a copy by link above:

|Main Category|Description                                                                   |Notes                                                                 |
|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|AudioVideo   |Application for presenting, creating, or processing multimedia (audio/video)  |                                                                      |
|Audio        |An audio application                                                          |Desktop entry must include AudioVideo as well                         |
|Video        |A video application                                                           |Desktop entry must include AudioVideo as well                         |
|Development  |An application for development                                                |                                                                      |
|Education    |Educational software                                                          |                                                                      |
|Game         |A game                                                                        |                                                                      |
|Graphics     |Application for viewing, creating, or processing graphics                     |                                                                      |
|Network      |Network application such as a web browser                                     |                                                                      |
|Office       |An office type application                                                    |                                                                      |
|Science      |Scientific software                                                           |                                                                      |
|Settings     |Settings applications                                                         |Entries may appear in a separate menu or as part of a "Control Center"|
|System       |System application, "System Tools" such as say a log viewer or network monitor|                                                                      |
|Utility      |Small utility application, "Accessories"                                      |                                                                      |
|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|

Thanks for the tip to Jacob Vlijm.


Using MySQL Workbench to connect to MySQL on Linux server

You need to have MySQL listen on an interface that the other PC can access.

At the moment it is only listening on 127.0.0.1, which is the interface only the local machine and clients over SSH can access

If you set it to 0.0.0.0 it will listen on all interfaces instead, so the other machine will be able to connect to it, assuming the machine firewalls are configured correctly.


Is it possible to change a program's privileges while running?

No.  In general, a program can only reduce its privileges (although there are ways for root owned programs to temporarily drop privileges and regain them).

The current best practice for such programs is to separate the privileged and non-privileged portions into separate processes, and have the non-privileged process invoke the privileged one as needed (e.g. this is how the clock indicator's preferences panel lets you change the system time, or how the terminal updates the list of logged in users).

This needs to be part of the program's design though: if a program is not designed to act this way, then you'll need to run it under sudo or similar if it needs administrator privileges.


Where can I find information or description of the boot up process?

Besides the Ubuntu wiki explaining these directories and Configs ...

/etc/init is where the upstart init configs live. While they are not scripts themselves, they essentially execute whatever is required to replace sysvinit scripts.
/etc/init.d is where all the traditional sysvinit scripts and the backward compatible scripts for upstart live. The backward compatible scripts basically run service myservice start instead of doing anything themselves. Some just show a notice to use the "service" command.
/etc/init/rc-sysinit.conf controls execution of traditional scripts added manually or with update-rc.d to traditional runlevels in /etc/rc*
/etc/default has configuration files allowing you to control the behaviour of both traditional sysvinit scripts and new upstart configs.

... you can also install bootchart . It will show a graphical representation of all the files called in order of being called and how long they take to finish. That will give you lots of insight in to the booting process.

Upstart is explained in the upstart intro, cookbook and best practices. It also includes some interesting code samples.


how to find information about not installed packages

Synaptic package manager.

This is a GUI-based package manager for ubuntu (also debian). By default, it categories packages into categories: games, internet, desktop environments, etc. Clicking on a category will show a list of candidate packages. Clicking on individual packages will reveal details about the package.

If the selection is too broad, you can use the search feature to narrow down the search.

You can install synaptic using the following command:

sudo apt install synaptic

Using the terminal:

apt-cache search ***search-parameters***

Sometimes there are too many candidates and the list will scroll by in the terminal pretty fast. You can pause the list at page-interval by:

apt-cache search ***search-parameters*** | less

Once a package interest you, details of the package can be viewed via:

apt-cache show ***`package-name`***


Problem after updating nvidia  driver in 12.04 from x-swat repo

Not entirely sure why you added that repository as nvidia-current will be in the official ubuntu repo.

Anyway try hitting CTRL + ALT + F1 and that should take you to a prompt. Log in and type

sudo apt-get remove nvidia-current
sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

Then restart.

I had an issue the other day where by nvidia driver install was hanging and re installing it resolved the issue.


Fingerprint reader HP Envy X360 13 - recognises the reader, but cannot use in 20.10

Go to Settings, click on Users and click on Fingerprint login and there you go.


By creating a .VDI file you had created a virtual container to hold your virtual machine's OS.

This container will be presented to the Ubuntu installer as a hard disk ready for formatting and installing the OS. Because you likely only had attached one virtual drive to your machine it is presented as /sda to your virtual machine's Ubuntu.

On installation the VDI-file only will be partitioned and formatted. Only if you had attached a real partition to your virtual machine you need to worry about data on that partition. This is a more complicated process. It will not be done by default from a GUI-supported installation of a virtual machine in Virtual Box.

Also see How to install Ubuntu on VirtualBox?


LoCo activity/course of action proposal on Ubuntu Wiki

There's really not a formula for this.

Some Local Teams have a scratch space where people can add projects. Here's what ours from Michigan looks like: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MichiganTeam/Projects

You can just add a section to your LocoTeam pages on the wiki, or you can just add a subpage to your namespace if you want to work on it before moving it on there. For example http://wiki.ubuntu.com/JorgeCastro/MyGreatIdea and then propose it to your local team list.

You're not too specific on what kind of activity you want to run, but you can check out these pages for examples on how to run events, it's a collection from all sorts of Local Teams on how they do things:

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LoCoTeamKnowledgeBase

If you can't find information there, the Local Team leaders are on this mailing list if you want to ask questions about doing something specifically, chances are someone has already done it and made all the mistakes and learned from it. There are many experienced leaders on this list so if you want to run an event and are looking for someone to check it our for you that's where I'd go next.


Unable to enter password to login in control alt f1 screen

The password is being typed. Just type your password and press enter.

The terminal hides the password for security reasons. This behaviour can be confusing at first but you will get used to it.

About your other problem: You said Guest logs in just fine but your account doesn't. I encountered the same problem and the fix is this:

Delete the .Xauthority file. Run
sudo rm /home/yourusername/.Xauthority
and reboot. Hopefully this will solve the problem. Comment if it does.


Visual indicator for nautilus when browsing remote file system?

The icon for a remote folder in the folder trail is different:

The different icon is shown for the root folder, where the name of the server is shown instead of /, and for the home directory of the connecting user.


Ubuntu-touch ruby / rails development: installing with rvm

I don't get the error you're getting.  I see rvm download a slew of arbitrary shell script commands from site on the internet which it then tries to run as the superuser using sudo.  My imagination is sparkled by so many possible ways to own someone's system right now.

Anyway, to test this is had a container with a terminal installed (in my case, I used sakura).  Using a terminal app lets you run as the phablet user, no need to add another user.  I used the libertine-container-manager CLI tools to install the curl command but the sudo command isn't available, because that would let you break containment, so the installation failed.

You're not going to be able to run contained applications from outside the container because that would break confinement.


You can limit the output shown by fdisk (excluding the RAM disks) by using the following:

$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sd*

or, on older systems:

$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/hd*


How can I see who and when logged remotely to my computer?

Yes, (remote) logins are logged, namely in /var/log/auth.log.

You can easily search the file for password SSH logins via

grep sshd.\*password.\* /var/log/auth.log

or for public key authentication via:

grep sshd.\*publickey.\* /var/log/auth.log

Example:

  Jan 19 22:22:29 awesome-no-standard-model-server sshd[12883]: Accepted publickey for
  nostandardmodel from 1d01:2031:3284:be99:c34d:d7ae:fa1:d4ba port 33324 ssh2:
  RSA SHA256:NRnnaK7EaRjGOBhb9qE7X12f5s5yfNzb9C32TTJ3VoI

Whether the user used SSH to get a shell and run commands, to access files on a file system, as a tunnel to connect to some other machine, as a tunnel to access VNC, to push to a git repo, or to do anything else, doesn't matter. They all show up the way the example shows it. If the user uses SFTP and in the same minute pushes to a repo 10 times and opens 20 sessions on a terminal, you see 31 such entries mentioning the user, the time, the user's IP address, etc., that minute in the log.

Whether there are records of other activity done by the user depends on the exact activity. It may be enabled by default or need to be enabled if desired. E.g., to log file transfer activity via SFTP: https://serverfault.com/questions/73319/sftp-logging-is-there-a-way


Plasma 5.11 or later

KDE Annoncements: https://www.kde.org/announcements/plasma-5.11.0.php

  Notification History

  Due to popular demand
  notifications optionally stores missed and expired notifications in a
  history. This is the first part of an ongoing effort to modernize the
  notification system in Plasma. This allows the user to override
  applications not marking their notifications as persistent, and
  viewing what happened in her absence.


The Software Center may show only Snaps.
The most authoritative information resource about deb-package is https://packages.ubuntu.com .
Applications from your list exist in the Ubuntu 20.04 LTS with versions:

Evolution @ 3.36.1-2
LibreOffice @ 6.4.6
Kaffeine @ 2.0.18
and so on.


There's a stray space in this line:

export PATH=/usr.../games: /home/j/.npm/bin

See that space after the :? Remove it.

It would be better if you used instead:

export PATH="/home/j/.npm/bin:$PATH"

Your original line completely re-writes the PATH, ignoring modifications that may have been made elsewhere.


how to set umask permissions mask to 777?

To set the umask 777 type the following command at shell prompt:

umask 777
mkdir dir1
touch file
ls -ld dir1 file

Hope this helps.


Missing icon for "Show desktop" in Dash in 18.04

I think the easiest would be to use/install a relevant gnome extension.
There is for example https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/1194/show-desktop-button/ however this adds a button to the top bar.
Alternatively, you could install gnome-tweak-tool to check if the ubuntu dock extension has an otion for this. Or, you could try the das-to-panel extension (instead of the ubuntu dock, probably) that has a option for this.


Installing ubuntu on UEFI system after deleting EFI partition

I couldn't get to the unetbootin (or whatever boot disc creator you use) splash screen in order to choose the: try ubuntu, install ubuntu now, etc. on my Lenovo B570 Laptop until I did this process:

Format USB to fat32.
Create bootable Ubuntu USB with unetbootin, but don't reboot at this point.
Open the USB drive and delete the EFI folder.
Now reboot to do install.

If you selected USB drive as first boot device in your bios earlier, you shouldn't have to use F12, F2, or delete, you should get the unetbootin splash screen and select, Try Ubuntu, Install Ubuntu, etc...
 Before this process I had to use the F12 as you said but I would always get boot errors (can't remember what). The EFI folder was causing the trouble for me.


Some apps tray icons shown only in the compiz widgets layer

(comment to answer by OP)

I'm running a cairo-dock gnome session and a cairo-dock theme named oneiric-panel. Cairo-dock's "notification area" and "old notification area" modules are bound to Cairo-dock0s upper dock. When I accidentally pressed F9 I discovered my missing tray icons below Cairo-dock's upper dock... – ivanxx Dec 10 '11 at 20:48


I have a similar issue with 11.04 using the latest KDE. It would appear that the dialogue is somehow blocked by the screen saver. If you hit a button to invoke the login dialogue and type your password followed by enter the screen should unlock.


Continuously needing to reconnect to Wifi

Assuming you are running a newer version of ubuntu, run the following commands to update your kernel:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Then, reboot for the changes to take effect.

Assuming you are already running the newest kernel, run the following command to increase the retry limit which can be a problem and will cause the problems you are experiencing if set too low (default is set to 7):

sudo iwconfig wlan0 retry 12

If changing iwconfig settings works for you you'll have to do that each time you reboot.

If you are running ubuntu 12.04 please let me know and I'll include instructions on how to build the driver from source available from the realtek website (will only install on 12.04 and will not compile on a newer kernel).


synclient depends on X server to work. See man synclient. So you need to define the DISPLAY and XAUTHORITY environment variables of the current running server.

If you are using just a single user account with simple server setup, try this:

RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'DISPLAY=:0 XAUTHORITY=/home/<username>/.Xauthority synclient TouchpadOff=1'"

Change <username> to your username.


Cannot install ubuntu 14.04.1 alongside Windows 8.1

I'd the same probleme and I successed to solve this issue. The probleme is that your partition are certainly in MBR but, and I don't now how to explain clearly, it rest some GTP. Also try to do this command in the terminal:

sudo gdisk -l /dev/sda

It will show that GTP is present or exist.

After, do:

sudo fixparts /dev/sda

I hope I can help you.


Firefox ignore GTK theme for localhost stuff

The best solution to tell Firefox that it should use the light theme instead of the dark is by specifying the GTK_THEME variable prior to launching.

So, 3 ways you get for doing this..

1- from terminal you can do:

GTK_THEME=Adwaita:light firefox

2- if you hate the terminal and wanna close it once firefox works:

GTK_THEME=Adwaita:light firefox &

3- if you want this to be the default behavior:

Just add two lines to the Firefox launcher script located at /usr/lib/firefox/firefox.sh

in the terminal type down:

sudo gedit /usr/lib/firefox/firefox.sh

look at the beginning of the script for this:

MOZ_LIBDIR=/usr/lib/firefox
MOZ_APP_LAUNCHER=`which $0`
MOZ_APP_NAME=firefox

export MOZ_APP_LAUNCHER

and change it to this:

MOZ_LIBDIR=/usr/lib/firefox
MOZ_APP_LAUNCHER=`which $0`
MOZ_APP_NAME=firefox
GTK_THEME=Adwaita:light

export MOZ_APP_LAUNCHER
export GTK_THEME

Finally, restart Firefox.

Hope this helps.

Please help me by voting this up.

Thank you :)


Make boot partition using GParted in Boot-Repair

You should be able to right-click on the partition you want to set as bootable and click "Manage Flags", and then check the box for the boot flag.

If you are using parted, you can print for the list of partitions, and then set 1 boot on to enable the boot flag for the first partition.  If your drive uses a GPT partition table, you'll want to create a bios_grub partition instead using set 1 bios_grub on.


There are several ways to do this, some of them may lead to problems.

Remove OpenJDK the safe way by selecting everything yourself.

Check what is installed and what you want to remove.

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo dpkg --get-selections

Select and purge the packages you want to remove.

Open a terminal and execute :

sudo apt-get purge <package>

Example :

Removal of installed packages

openjdk-8-jdk:amd64
openjdk-8-jre:amd64
openjdk-8-jre-headless:amd64

sudo apt-get purge openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre openjdk-8-jre-headless


Avidemux 2.7.3 (ubuntu/mint) Works from QT5 GUI, Fails from Jobs GUI

Solution was simple, a kludge, but works for now. Make a soft link in /usr/bin/avidemux3_cli pointing to avidemux2.7_cli and another avidemux3_qt5 pointing to avidemux2.7_qt5.

sudo ln -s avidemux2.7_cli avidemux3_cli

sudo ln -s avidemux2.7_qt5 avidemux3_qt5

  After this, all worked as expected.

(source: originally posted by OP in the question body)


Shorter way to go to specific directory path

Maybe there's a way to do that in Bash, however perhaps it was Zsh?

  Hitting TAB

  Hitting ENTER


How to paste text from an external source into the xterm edited file?

In xterm middle click works for me, as does Shift+Insert. There possibly are other methods, but those are the ones I just tested.


Switching between different input methods phonetic vs typewriter in ibus preferences has no effect

I am not sure but suspect this might be a ibus bug in Ubuntu.

Probably best to report it in launchpad and maybe try to test a later version of ibus.