Ubuntu 18.10 constantly freezing and filesystem gets corrupted

Check your SSD firmware

It's very important to check the firmware version of your SSD (and your NVMe). In terminal, do sudo lshw -C disk it'll tell you the firmware version, and then you can go to the manufacturer's web site and check for updates.

Check your BIOS

In terminal, do sudo dmidecode -s bios-version, and then go to the manufacturer's web site to check for a newer BIOS.

Current BIOS is 1.22 dated 4/1/2019. See https://www.acer.com/ac/en/US/content/support-product/7213?b=1

Make sure you have enough swap

In terminal, do free -h and make sure that you have at least a 2G swap partition or /swapfile.

Check your cabling

If the SSD is an internal drive, check the condition of the SATA cables and assure that they're tightly connected at both ends.

If the SSD is external, assure that you're using a USB3 port if the drive enclosure is USB3. Also keep in mind that the USB cable, enclosure, and enclosure power supply can be suspects also.

Check your memory

Go to http://www.memtest.org or https://www.memtest86.com/ (use the second link to get the latest free version), and download/run memtest to test your memory. Get at least one complete pass of all the 4/4 of the tests to confirm good memory.


Ubuntu 18.04: Samsung SCX-3400 Scanner detected but not working

I found your question while looking at how to use the SCY-3450W scanner on Ubuntu 18.10. On my device, the printer was configured correctly over the WPS function of WLAN. Simple scan did not find the scanner over Wifi, but did find it when I plugged the printer through USB.

When running the sane-find-scanner command, I got, among other things, the following output:

found USB scanner (vendor=0x04e8 [Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.], product=0x344f [SCX-3400 Series]) at libusb:001:004

I am not sure it helps, but at least I can reassure you by telling that it's still supposed to work.

Best,
François-Xavier


If this answer does not work in Ubuntu 13.10, see here for an alternative answer

Hibernation was disabled on 12.04 for machines that are not certified with Ubuntu.

In order to enable hibernation you need to test whether it works correctly by running sudo pm-hibernate in a terminal. The system will try to hibernate. If you are able to start the system again then you are more or less safe to add an override.

To do so, start editing:

sudo nano /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/com.ubuntu.enable-hibernate.pkla

Fill it with this:

[Re-enable hibernate by default]
Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.upower.hibernate
ResultActive=yes

Or in 14.04 and later:

[Re-enable hibernate by default for login1]
  Identity=unix-user:*
  Action=org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate
  ResultActive=yes

[Re-enable hibernate for multiple users by default in logind]
  Identity=unix-user:*
  Action=org.freedesktop.login1.hibernate-multiple-sessions
  ResultActive=yes

Save by pressing Ctrl-O then enter and then exit nano by pressing Ctrl-X.

Restart and hibernation is back!

Or run killall unity-panel-service to just reset the menu.

Some users will then need to run sudo update-grub to get the hibernate option to be available in the power menu.  Some users may also have to at least log out then log in to get it to appear in the (upper right) power menu.


Ubuntu 16.04 trouble with USB HDD not showing up and no wlan0 interface

Ok, I stumbled upon the fix:

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-hwe-16.04 xserver-xorg-hwe-16.04

As per: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack#Ubuntu_16.04_LTS_-_Xenial_Xerus

Apparently some of my kernel images got tweaked.

After executing this command and rebooting, everything works like a charm again.


Have you tried changing the scrolling settings in System Settings?

Open System Setting from the Dash.  It will look like this:

Navigate to "Mouse and Touchpad" and switch to the "Touchpad" tab.

Change the radio button under scrolling from "Disabled" to "Edge Scrolling" or "Two-Finger Scrolling".


For the specific case of gcc and build-essential from the Ubuntu repositories, there is only one difference: Explicitly installing gcc (via apt install gcc or apt install gcc build-essential) marks it as manually installed. This means that using apt autoremove after uninstalling build-essential (and any other packages depending on gcc) will not remove gcc or any of its dependencies.

In the general case, nothing more can be definitely said about installing a dependency X first and then the dependent package Y. It's possible that X is one of many fulfilling the particular dependency, and installing Y directly could have caused another package to be installed instead of X.

See also:

What does it mean that a package is "set to manually installed?"


Try to follow this in recovery mode:

How to find the biggest directories in my hard drive?

It will help you find big files/folders and clean stuff up.


What does each of these network services do

What does each of these do?

networking:

#!/bin/sh -e
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          networking
# Required-Start:
# Required-Stop:     $local_fs
# Should-Start:      ifupdown
# Should-Stop:       ifupdown
# Default-Start:
# Default-Stop:      0 6
# Short-Description: Raise network interfaces.
### END INIT INFO

Regarding the package ifupdown mentioned here: includes commandsifup and ifdown which may be used to (de)configure network interfaces (/etc/network/interfaces).

The other 3 are upstart deamons. From their respective .conf files in /etc/init/:

network-interface-security:

# network-interface-security - configure network device security
#
# This is a one-time start-up script to load AppArmor profiles needed
# before the network comes up.

network-interface:

# network-interface - configure network device
#
# This service causes network devices to be brought up or down as a result
# of hardware being added or removed, including that which isn't ordinarily
# removable.

network-manager:

# network-manager - network connection manager
#
# The Network Manager daemon manages the system's network connections,
# automatically switching between the best available.

For example which one is related to the gui version of network manager?

None of these. See the next answer.

Which one will drop network support for all network cards?

Initiating networking will do that but the command used will mostlikely be ifup --all and ifdown --all. From man ifup:

-a, --all

If given to ifup, affect all interfaces marked auto.
Interfaces are brought up in the order in which they are defined in
/etc/network/interfaces.

If given to ifdown, affect all defined interfaces.
Interfaces are brought down in the order in which they are currently
listed in the state file.
Only interfaces defined in /etc/network/interfaces will be brought down.


Install Wine 1.6 manually after downloading it

What you have downloaded is the source file and you need to compile and install it.
BUT I RECOMMEND YOU TO DOWNLOAD IT FROM THE SOFTWARE CENTER OR OFFICIAL REPOSITORIES FOR SECURITY REASONS
If you wish to install it from the package you downloaded here's how to do it:

Step 1: Prep your system for building packages
By default, Ubuntu does not come with the tools required. You need to install the package build-essential for making the package and checkinstall for putting it into your package manager. These can be found on the install CD or in the repositories, searching in Synaptic Package Manager or the command-line apt-get:

sudo apt-get install build-essential checkinstall

And since you may want to get code from some projects with no released version, you should install appropriate version management software.

sudo apt-get install cvs subversion git-core mercurial

You should then build a common directory for yourself where you'll be building these packages. We recommend creating /usr/local/src, but really you can put it anywhere you want. Make sure this directory is writable by your primary user account, by running

sudo chown $USER /usr/local/src

and, just to be safe

sudo chmod u+rwx /usr/local/src

After you've done this, you're set up to start getting the programs you need.

Step 2: Getting the software you want
Most of the software you'll generally want comes from released tarballs. These are just compressed archives with extensions like .tar.gz or .tar.bz2 — they are just like .zip files on Windows or .sit on MacOS X, if that analogy helps you. If the program you want to install comes in this form, you should move it into the /usr/local/src directory we made in Step 1 and extract it by right-clicking on the file and selecting Extract Here, or by using the command line: If your tarball is a .gz, extract the files with the command:

tar -xzvf tarballname.tar.gz

and for bz2 the similar command:

tar -xjvf tarballname.tar.bz2

In the rare case of getting a program from a cvs or subversion repository, the developers will generally provide instructions on how to do this on their website. If you already installed the packages listed on Step 1, you just need to change to your /usr/local/src directory (cd /usr/local/src) and run the commands that are listed. The procedure will vary from program to program, so I can't help you here, but with the given packages the instructions they provide should work smoothly.

Note: If you downloaded from source such as Git, SVN, or any other source repository then it is likely that the ./configure files have not yet been generated. You may be able to run the command

autogen.sh

from within the downloaded files top directory. This command relies on automake and autoconf programs and will automatically build the configuration files and run the  ./configure  command. After this step you can resume the later directions by running the command

make

Step 3: Resolving Dependencies.
One nice thing about modern Linux distributions is they take care of dependencies for the user. That is to say, if you want to install a program, the apt program will make sure it installs all needed libraries and other dependent programs so installing a program is never more difficult than just specifying what you need and it does the rest. Unfortunately with tarballs this is not the case, and you'll have to do it manually. It's this stage that trips up even some fairly experienced users who often give up in frustration for not being able to figure out what they need to get.

You probably want to read about the possibilities and limitations of auto-apt first, which will attempt to take care of dependency issues automatically. The following instructions are for fulfilling dependencies manually:

To prepare, install the package apt-file, and then run sudo apt-file update. This will download a list of all the available packages and all of the files those packages contain, which as you might expect can be a very large list. It will not provide any feedback while it loads, so just wait.

The apt-file program has some interesting functions, the two most useful are apt-file search which searches for a particular file name, and apt-file list which lists all the files in a given package. (Two explanations: 1 2)

To check the dependencies of your program, change into the directory you created in step two (cd /usr/local/src). Extracting the tarball or downloading from cvs/subversion will have made a sub-directory under /usr/local/src that contains the source code. This newly-created directory will contain a file called "configure", which is a script to make sure that the program can be compiled on your computer. To run it, run the command ./configure This command will check to see if you've got all the programs needed to install the program — in most cases you will not, and it will error out with a message about needing a program.

If you run ./configure without any options, you will use the default settings for the program. Most programs have a range of settings that you can enable or disable, if you are interested in this check the README and INSTALL files found in the directory after decompressing the tar file. You can check the developer documentation and in many cases ./configure --help will list some of the key configurations you can do. A very common options is to use ./configure --prefix=/usr which will install your application into /usr instead of /usr/local as my instructions do.

If this happens, the last line of output will be something like

configure: error: Library requirements (gobbletygook) not met, blah blah blah stuff we don't care about
But right above that it will list a filename that it cannot find (often a filename ending in ".pc", for instance). What you need to do then is to run

apt-file search missingfilename.pc

which will tell you which Ubuntu package the missing file is in. You can then simply install the package using

sudo apt-get install requiredpackage

Then try running ./configure again, and see if it works. If you get to a bunch of text that finishes with config.status: creating Makefile followed by no obvious error messages, you're ready for the next steps.

Step 4: Build and install.
If you got this far, you've done the hardest part already. Now all you need to do is run the command

make

which does the actual building (compiling) of the program.

If it's a large program or if you've got a very slow computer, go and get a cup of coffee or something. If you have a multi-core processor you can also set the variable CONCURRENCY_LEVEL to the number of processors/cores you have to speed things up a little.

When its done, install the program by typing
make install.
You probably want to use

sudo checkinstall

which puts the program in the package manager for clean, easy removal later. This replaces the old sudo make install command. See the complete documentation at CheckInstall.

Note: If checkinstall fails you may need to run the command like

sudo checkinstall --fstrans=0

Which should allow the install to complete successfully
Here is the information on compiling and installing on ubuntu :

COMPILING AND INSTALLING ON UBUNTU


How do I navigate to a samba location I've mounted in Nautilus on the command line?

In most cases:

$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/gvfs

14.04:

/run/user/$(id -u)/gvfs

12.10:

/run/user/<username>/gvfs

12.04:

Since 12.04 the folder of mounted samba share is:

~/.cache/gvfs

11.10 and older

You can learn how to mount - it will sure works.  But I think this is an easier solution for you: Nautilus mount smb partitions at ~/.gvfs (where ~/ means /home/user_name/ - example: /home/desgua/.gvfs).
You just have to navigate to there:

cd ~/.gvfs


Find out what packages were installed after os install

All Ubuntu ISO ([UKLX]buntu/Ubuntu-gnome) comes with .manifest file that contains the list of all pre-installed packages in the ISO. You can find those manifest files in the same download dir as those ISO on any Ubuntu ISO mirrors. Take the list of available Ubuntu releases as an example; if you have Trusty 64-bit for example, the manifest link would be
http://releases.ubuntu.com/trusty/ubuntu-14.04.2-desktop-amd64.manifest.

So once you have this file, just compare the package listing in it against the listing of all installed packages in your Ubuntu using comm command

$ curl -O http://releases.ubuntu.com/trusty/ubuntu-14.04-desktop-amd64.manifest
$ comm -23 <( dpkg --get-selections | awk '$2 ~ /^(install|hold)/ { print $1 }' | sort ) \
        <( awk '{ print $1 }' ubuntu-14.04-desktop-amd64.manifest | sort )

To explain what the comm does, it takes input from 2 files - first one supplies the list of all currently installed packages and the second one the manifest file. The -3 opt suppresses lines that both files have and -2 suppresses lines that only the second file (manifest file, that is) has. So in the end your output contains only lines that only file one has and that gives you packages that you installed manually since the OS was installed.

So there you have it.

Edit

If you'd also like to see the package version next to package name in the output, as Slyvain Pineau pointed out, pipe the comm command above to xargs dpkg-query -W -f='${binary:Package} ${Version}\n' so it becomes

$ comm -23 <( dpkg --get-selections | awk '$2 ~ /^(install|hold)/ { print $1 }' | sort ) \
           <( awk '{ print $1 }' ubuntu-14.04-desktop-amd64.manifest | sort ) | \
           xargs dpkg-query -W -f='${binary:Package} ${Version}\n

Or alternatively, with awk entirely, This too give the same result as command above

awk 'FNR==NR {arr[$1];next} !($1 in arr) { print $0 }' ubuntu-14.04-desktop-amd64.manifest <( dpkg-query -W -f='${binary:Package} ${Version}\n' )

See this link for explanation on how the awk cmd work


Error installing LaTeX package .def not found

Try making a user install copying the files .sty and .def. Then run the file using the command line as it says in the documentation of the package. You have to type

handlatex foo.tex


Hibernate (pm-hibernate using uswsusp) only works ONCE. Second time hangs, requires hard-reset

It looks like that an repeated attempt to unload a driver fails. If you can disable the Nvidia GPU in the bios try it. I've had never sucess in resuming a Nvidia Card.
There is a very good documentation of the hibernate process here: https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/power/swsusp.txt
Since every device behaves differently you may find out, where the problem lies.


What version of Windows do you believe is installed on the disk? The only place that Windows could be installed is in /dev/sda1, which is FAT; but IIRC, the last version of Windows that supported FAT installation was XP, and I seem to recall that installing XP on FAT required some extra hoop-jumping. Furthermore, the Boot Info Script output you've provided shows no evidence of Windows on that FAT partition -- but that could be a Boot Info Script limitation. Modern versions of Windows all install to NTFS, not to FAT.

I also note that your /dev/sda2 is marked as being swap, but Boot Info Script couldn't identify its filesystem type. You also have another swap partition (/dev/sda5), so /dev/sda2 is a bit of a mystery. It's possible that Windows was on /dev/sda2, but somewhere along the line you accidentally changed its type code and overwrite at least part of it with 0s or random data, which would explain its current state. If so, it may be difficult or impossible to recover it. If you were to attempt it, though, I recommend:

Do a low-level backup of /dev/sda2, as in sudo dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/path/to/lots/of/free/space/sda2-backup.img bs=4096. (The partition is 42.5GiB in size, so you'll need at least that much free space somewhere.)
Use fdisk to change the type code of /dev/sda2 from 0x83 to 0x07. You use the t option in fdisk to change the type code, then save your changes with w.
Use CHKDSK in a Windows emergency disk on /dev/sda2 (which will of course be called something else -- perhaps C: -- in Windows).

If that doesn't help, it's conceivable that a third-party tool will be able to recover data. There's also a slim chance that TestDisk will be able to recover a Windows partition. As there's no unused space on your disk, that partition might be covered by /dev/sda2, so you might have to delete it for TestDisk to do its thing (or maybe TestDisk can delete /dev/sda2 for you if it finds something else there).

If you mainly just want to recover personal files, you may have better luck with PhotoRec, which can recover files from badly damaged filesystems. The last time I checked, PhotoRec did a poor job of recovering filenames. I've heard there are some Windows tools that can do a better job with preserving filenames, but I don't have names or URLs. You might want to ask about this on a Windows forum.

If you simply want to get Windows booting again but have no personal data to recover, re-installing it to /dev/sda2 may be the best option. To do this, you should change its type code to 0x07 (as described earlier). I'd also use mkfs.ntfs or GParted to create a fresh filesystem (NTFS) on that partition. After you re-install Windows, you'll need to restore GRUB in any of many ways that are well-documented (but I don't happen to have a URL handy).


tripwire segmentation fault after upgradiing to Ubuntu 20.10

File or Directory permissions in /usr/sbin is likely causing this.  I had a similar issue with 20.04 where a file with 400 permission was causing this. I simply added the exclusion and it work after updating my twpol.cfg


Reinstall Windows as a partition after I have Ubuntu

Hope this helps. You need to create a partition (if it is not already there) using NTFS, for this you may install GPARTED on Ubuntu, resize your Ubuntu partition to leave some space for your new Windows installation.

You'll need the Windows XP Install Media, if you don't have it you may download it, you just have to be sure you get the right version (Profesional edition, mediacenter,...), may have acces to an installation CD from a frind, the important part is the PRODUCT KEY requested during the installation process.

Once you reinstall Windows you will probably have to rebuild GRUB so it populates the right OS to boot from.


How to adjust monitor color balance with open source radeon drivers?

Try adjusting it with the xrandr command.

First find your device name by entering:

xrandr

There's an output line like:

LVDS connected 1440x900+0+0 (normal left inverted right x-axis y-axis) 367 mm x 230 mm

Then enter a command like (substituting for your device LVDS):

xrandr --output LVDS --verbose --gamma 1.0:1.0:1.5

Experiment with value, particularly the last, blue, value, until you like the results. The number must be floating-point, and they stand for red:green:blue.

The driver shouldn't matter.

See this man page.


Why do I have two Alt+Tab application switchers?

Run ccsm from the terminal, or search the dash for Compiz and open CompizConfig Settings Manager. If it's not installed, run:

sudo apt install compizconfig-settings-manager

In CCSM search for Application Switcher and uncheck the box beside it. The change should take effect immediately after you uncheck the box.

No idea what caused the problem in the first place.


Why is the second Windows partition mounted under /host

It's mounting to /host because your windows "D:" partition is "hosting" your root.disk file, which contains your root filesystem (since you are using Wubi, your root filesystem is stored in a file on an ntfs partition).

1: No, you can't reasonably change this, though you can make a symlink from /media/foo to /host

2: Wubi does not currently support this configuration (having the root.disk on a partition other than "C:") properly and therefore Your Ubuntu install will fail to boot at some point in the future. Likely it will happen when you try to upgrade to the next major release of Ubuntu, but it could happen sooner.

I recommend that you back up all the data currently in your Wubi install, uninstall Wubi via Windows Add/Remove programs, and install Ubuntu in a normal dual boot configuration by booting from an Ubuntu LiveCD/USB and running the installer there.


typeset: not found error when executing shell script. Am I missing a package or something?

As far as I can see, you are using the ksh (Korn SHell) shell (at least I have that suspect because of filename "build.ksh"). Note, that different shells have different syntaxes, I am not sure ksh does know "typeset" at all, I am not sure about this one, since I am not using ksh. However it would be nice to know what kind of shell you're using exactly. Please show us the first line of that "build.ksh" which starts with #!.


Can I remove/ uninstall "Toggle Desktop"?

This is the indicator author. To remove the icon from the panel you need only remove the app from "startup applications" as listed above. I personally use Ctrl+Alt+D to toggle the desktop. It is faster.


Nvidia drivers don't like audio devices?

Modern Nvidia cards that have HDMI outputs have the option of acting as a sound card (so you can get audio over HDMI). What I suspect has happened is something has detected this new sound card and has changed your audio settings to HDMI.

Open up the Sound Preferences screen and you should be able to configure it something like this:

Select the GFxxx device and change its profile to Disabled. Then select the other device (Internal Audio in my case) and set that to the sound profile you want. That should be all you need to do.


I'm afraid that's not possible with Nautilus right now, everything gets reordered every time you make a change. So, your only option is doing like totti says: choosing another kind of ordering so file order doesn't change if you rename a file.

That concerns Nautilus, though. Perhaps other file managers, like Dolphin or Thunar, allow the kind of behaviour you want, but I seriously doubt it...


How to list directories "above" working directory

I am assuming you just want to list directories on the parent of the current directory, you can use find:

find .. -maxdepth 1 -type d -not -name '..'

Alternately, you can use ls:

ls -p .. | grep '/$'

Or shell:

echo ../*/

or elaborately:

for i in ../*; do [ -d "$i" ] && echo "$i"; done

Or in zsh using glob qualifier / (redundant though :)):

echo ../*(/)


Edit:
You also appear to have a missing dependency on SDL-devel; but the first error is python3.8 related afik.

sudo apt install libsdl2-dev may also be needed..

Original reply:
It appears to be a python 3.8 incompatibility:
You should be able to sudo apt install python3.7 and then create a virtualenv for python37 like this:

$ virtualenv --python=`which python3.7` venv37
$ source venv37/bin/activate

(not tested by me, but should work.. based on a reply I used here)


After you install Lubuntu-desktop package, you can start to use lubuntu, I am also using lubuntu.
When you see the login screen, at the upper right corner, try to change it to lubuntu, then you can use it as lubuntu :)


I had the same issue; I think it's somewhere along the lines of the Nvidia and the 64 bit version of Ubuntu it reads the display at a higher resolution than what it's actually operating at. What I ended up doing was running the 64 bit version of 10.04 and that had a distorted display that I was able to fix by changing the resolution and then installed the nvidia drivers; I'm still running 10.04, but after you have it you do have the option to upgrade using the update manager.


12.04 Nvidia driver makes system run really slow.....

see my link here - same issue. In essence the latest NVidia drivers are borked and make your system really unstable. If you uninstall them you'll automatically revert to the noveau drivers which work fine but don't have 3d capability. I've done that while waiting for NVidia to sort our their stuff...

To uninstall nvidia drivers from terminal:

sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
followed by
 sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg

https://askubuntu.com/questions/126843/clean-install-of-12-04-results-in-constant-freezes-x-org-suspected


Libreoffice 4.1 stable upgrade Ubuntu 12.04

Welcome to Ask Ubuntu! Actually, sudo apt-get update doesn't upgrade the software that's installed, it just checks the software servers for new versions. sudo apt-get upgrade is what actually upgrades the software.

Read this question here, it should help you understand better: What does "sudo apt-get update" do?

From the question:

  apt-get update doesn't actually install new versions of software.

  apt-get update downloads the package lists from the repositories and
  "updates" them to get information on the newest versions of packages
  and their dependencies. It will do this for all repositories and PPAs.
  From http://linux.die.net/man/8/apt-get:

    Used to re-synchronize the package index files from their sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched from the
    location(s) specified in /etc/apt/sources.list(5). An update should
    always be performed before an upgrade or dist-upgrade.

  apt-get upgrade will fetch new versions of packages existing on the machine if APT knows about these new versions by way of apt-get
  update.

As for the steps you took, they are correct as far as I can tell. You add the PPA, then run sudo apt-get update to check for updates available, and then sudo apt-get upgrade to download/install the updates.


From an ubuntu GUI application (e.g. Geany), can I "Save As" but with sudo?

If your question is specific to Geany, the answer is No. Geany has no option to dynamically switch to the role of a privileged user. The only viable option is save the changes to another file (possibly with same name) using the Save As feature and then move the file back to original location using sudo mv replacing the original file. That will do the job of saving.

But, if you're looking for any generic GUI application that will allow you to save as root without opening it first as root, there is Sublime Text 3.

Sublime Text has a feature which will ask you root password when you want to save edits made on system files, even if you originally started it as a normal user. You may consider it in place of geany from now on.


Yes, it should be usable on that system, depending on your graphics card. Personally I would use lubuntu or xubuntu because those run faster on older systems. Be very careful when partitioning. My advice would be to get a a second hard drive. It has saved my a lot of pain for the little that it cost me.


Does there exist a Key Binding configuration for Sublime Text?

Most of the settings and modifications that can be made to Sublime are done via JSON files, and this is true for key bindings. Key bindings are usually OS-specific, which means that three key bindings files will need to be created for your plugin. The files should be named Default (Windows).sublime-keymap, Default (Linux).sublime-keymap and Default (OSX).sublime-keymap.
Prefixr/
...
- Default (Linux).sublime-keymap
- Default (OSX).sublime-keymap
- Default (Windows).sublime-keymap
- Prefixr.py
The .sublime-keymap files contain a JSON array that contains JSON objects to specify the key bindings. The JSON objects must contain a keys and command key, and may also contain a args key if the command requires arguments. The hardest part about picking a key binding is to ensure the key binding is not already used. This can be done by going to the Preferences > Key Bindings – Default menu entry and searching for the keybinding you wish to use. Once you’ve found a suitably unused binding, add it to your .sublime-keymap files.
view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
[
    {
        "keys": ["ctrl+alt+x"], "command": "prefixr"
    }
]
Normally the Linux and Windows key bindings are the same. The cmd key on OS Xis specified by the string super in the .sublime-keymap files. When porting a key binding across OSes, it is common for the ctrl key onWindows and Linux to be swapped out for super on OS X. This may not, however, always be the most natural hand movement, so if possible try and test your keybindings out on a real keyboard.


For installing this software in your system you have to modify the /etc/apt/sources.list file to add these lines:

#QGIS for 14.04
deb http://qgis.org/debian trusty main
deb-src http://qgis.org/debian trusty main

Afterward, in bash console:

1) To add the public key of QGIS:

sudo gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv DD45F6C3
sudo gpg --export --armor DD45F6C3 | sudo apt-key add -

2) To install last version of QGIS (2.8.x)

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install qgis python-qgis qgis-plugin-grass


Try with command to add bind9 to startup sudo update-rc.d bind9 defaults

You can check result with command sudo bind9 status
Also you can see list services that start on startup with command initctl list


For GIMP <= 2.8 the "Resynthesizer" plugin together with other scripts and tools (including the brilliant tool "Heal Selection") can easily be installed with the package gimp-plugin-registry

From the shell:

sudo apt-get install gimp-plugin-registry

For Gimp >= 2.10 the plugin-registry and with it the resynthesizer and heal-selection plugins may not (yet) be available. Until we have access to these tools again we need to put the plugins

resynthesizer
resynthesizer_gui
plugin-heal-selection.py

to any of the defined plugin folders. I recommend ~/.config/GIMP/2.10/plug-ins in our HOME.

We can get these either from compiling the source from the project's home page or from downloading an Ubuntu DEB file a release of the plugin-registry for GIMP 2.8 matching our architecture to extract above files. I tested these to still work on GIMP 2.10.6.


Why isn't Chromium up-to-date in all the Ubuntu LTS repos, like Firefox is?

Firefox is in main, and Canonical commits to providing security updates for software in main (which, in the case of a browser, is all of them). Chromium isn't in main, it is universe - so it is updated by volunteers. It might have simply become too much of an effort to update Chromium for 12.04, all the more so since Google doesn't support 12.04 for Google Chrome, so breaking changes might have been made since.

For 14.04, the latest versions of Chromium have failed to build, bugs have been filed with no response from maintainers. Since Chrome still supports 14.04, I assume this might be fixable, and no one has volunteered to fix it.


intellij embedded terminal sharing buffer with byobu

My solution below only worked in some instances. However, I found that IntelliJ makes a local variable in jediterm-bash.in named __INTELLIJ_COMMAND_HISTFILE__ when creating a new shell. Appending the following in .bashrc or .bash_profile for Ubuntu and Mac respectively yields the desired results:

if [[ -z "$(env | grep __INTELLIJ_COMMAND_HISTFILE__)" ]]; then
    _byobu_sourced=1 . /usr/local/Cellar/byobu/5.129/bin/byobu-launch 2>/dev/null || true
fi

Old Answer:

A solution I found was to capture the pid of the process that is currently sourcing my .bashrc. I use that and compare it to what I determine to be my open terminal's shell pid to conditionally execute the _byobu_sourced line. This is how it looks for me:

intellij_pid=$(ps | grep 'bash' | grep 'IntelliJ' | awk '{print $1}' | head -n 1)
bash_pid=$(ps | grep '/bin/bash' | grep -v 'color' | grep -v 'IntelliJ'| awk '{print $1}' | head -n 1)

# if we're spawning a regular shell then connect to byobu, otherwise it's probably intellij or some other process so open a normal shell
if [[ "$$" == "$bash_pid" ]]; then
    echo "byobu shell sourcing"
    _byobu_sourced=1 . /usr/local/Cellar/byobu/5.129/bin/byobu-launch 2>/dev/null || true
elif    [[ "$$" == "$intellij_pid" ]]; then
    echo "IntelliJ shell spawning"
else
    echo "some other shell spawning?"
fi

The result is only running byobu in my regular terminal, skipping the line when the sourcing process is IntelliJ or any other process


Maybe ?

Could you show the theme xml file ?
What theme are you using as a template ?

Same kind of problem from the Kubuntu Forums: http://www.kubuntuforums.net/showthread.php?56248-This-SHOULD-be-simple

The default Horos theme is using: wallpaper="Horos".

The documents ( K > Applications > Help > Control Center Modules > Login Screen ) are telling that it should be: file="background.svg". The background could be a pixel file: file="my-wallpaper.png" etc.


I needed to install grub-efi-amd64, system then booted as expected.

See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub2/+bug/1775743#yui_3_10_3_1_1531236190615_547 and comment #21 by Jean-Baptiste Lallement (jibel)


Installation of Wireless Printer Canon Pixma MG5450

Upgrade to 14.04 will help.

I connect my wireless Canon MG without installing any additional driver. Just turn on, add in 14.04, then found and done!


NVIDIA card suddenly changed resolution and does not allow login

Either due to a kernel update, or corruption, the NVIDIA driver I had manually installed seemed to evaporate.  Installing from the repository should be a good way to keep it there:

sudo ubuntu-drivers devices

lists out the packages available, of which the best (at the time of writing) was:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-346

Note this is not the most recent driver, but it's one that is in standard repositories, so it will continue to get updated which is fine with me.


I am experiencing the same issue and found the following solution:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2211817

Disabling workspaces brings back the cheatsheet (long pressing the super key). Not sure if you have it enabled though.


Why doesn't Dash respect the Main Menu categories?

In order to have applications listed in the appropriate category we may edit it's .desktop file (e.g. found in ~/.local/share/ or in /usr/share/applications). Replace or add the desired category like:

[Desktop Entry]
...
Categories=Game;ArcadeGame

With an application update .desktop entry files outside your $HOME may be replaced.


Help mounting an External HDD for use with Media Server

I found this page to give a good rundown on permissions on Linux systems as it relates to Plex. From reading it, it does appear that Plex creates a user plex to run under. If you have configured Plex to store your media files on the external, Plex needs permission to access the files stored there. I would not recommend making Plex the owner of the external drive; create a directory on the external to store media and and point Plex to that directory (you will have to do that in your Plex configuration).

sudo mkdir /media/external/plexmedia
sudo chown plex /media/eternal/plexmedia
sudo chmod 755 /media/external/plexmedia


Add new entry in Grub2 for text mode on Ubuntu 16.04

You should boot to run level 3. It has been already described here: Boot to Runlevel 3


Configure dummy sound device on server with snd-dummy

Ok, figured it out. It's simply a matter of permissions!

So, complete steps that worked for me, as root:

Add snd-dummy line to /etc/modules
Edit /etc/group and add desired user(s) to audio:x:29: line (group ID may be different I suppose)
Reboot for changes to take effect and verify that they remain in effect.


When will GTK improvements land in Maverick?

It will land in Maverick when it is ready. No sooner, no later.


Miraculously, a user from omgubuntu.co.uk had written a comment in one of their articles announcing the release of 17.04 that fixed this issue. The comment is as follows:

  wifi and networkmanager

  The new NetworkManager release 1.4.0 adds new features to change the
  current MAC address of your Ethernet or Wi-Fi card (spoofing/cloning).
  As a debian "sid" user i understand that being on bleeding edge,
  sometimes new features and configs can be Incompatible with my machine
  hardware!!! Now being a ubuntu user i can see that Ubuntu is losing
  his "user friendly" name and no more care for desktop users! This was
  an unacceptable default config on Ubuntu's best days! Ubuntu haters
  and criticists must be happy now!

  Edit the /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf file

  And add:

[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no

  Restart the networkmanager service and use your wireless connection
  :)"

This worked for me.


How can I change the default downloading folder for Transmission?

Open transmission ----->

Click Edit ------> preferences -------> Downloading .

You can see Save to location , change it to the path you want.


No internet connection after booting - 18.04

I have encountered this also, except it only occurs when I press enter when in settings display, wanting to speed up boot process. If I allow the system to boot Ubuntu after the several seconds wait period, Ubuntu boots with my Internet connected, working fine. Also, with my dual boot system, if I use the down arrow to highlight&select Windows 10, and then press Enter, the system boots Windows 10 fine. Sometimes with Internet connected, sometimes without but there is always the easy UI tool to reconnect available. Apparently, when pressing Enter in the system setting menu when booting Ubuntu, it boots but the UI does not presenting the Internet UI icon and drop down in the upper right corner. I am a Linux newcomer, turning to Linux some thirty years after working with a Sun Unix OS.


Ubuntu 20.04: Epson Stylus SX325W (and possibly more) are recognized, but print is wrong

Before installing the printer, install the package printer-driver-gutenprint. Then, install the printer, it will be recognized as "Epson Stylus SX215+Gutenprint v5.3.3" and will work correctly.


I want to delete colors added in Terminal

Finally, found it. You need to install dconf-tools to do this. Install it with the command below:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

or by clicking the big download button

After installation, start the dconf-editor by typing dconf-editor in the dash and select it to start.

Go to org → gtk → settings → color-chooser and set the custom-colors value to [], replacing the existing long string. To replace the string, click on the value/existing string.

Now open gnome-terminal to see that the color is gone.


If an Ubuntu application requires curl, it will list it as a dependency in the package management system, ensuring it is installed automatically when installing that application.


What happens if I remove .list files in sources.list.d?

The packages may still be updated, if a newer version of the package is available from a different repository which is still included in the sources listing.

However, yes, removing a file from that directory will result in the cache losing whatever repositories were listed in those files, the next time the cache is updated with apt update. This means you will no longer be able to install packages from those repositories, and any packages you installed from there which are not available from other repositories, will be left installed with no way to update, until the dependency graph is broken and they need to be removed (such as when upgrading from one version of Ubuntu to the next).


LDAP authentication: not able to login through GUI but able to login from console

At the client side run the following:

#authconfig-gtk

Now, try setting the Authentication Configuration as LDAP Password(in the Identity and Authentication tab). It worked for me.


New problem to restore with aptoncd on ubuntu 13.04 64bit except hal!

It is a compatibility issue with new hal, downgrade hal to version used in 12.x. for it to work. Need be downloaded and installed manually from Quantal files -it is hal-info, libhal, libhal-storage and hal itself


How to setup bind9 as simple name resolver?

Setting up bind9 is The Hard Way. Ubuntu (you are running Ubuntu, right?) comes with dnsmasq, a simple DNS server that respects /etc/hosts. Read man dnsmasq, then you can distribute 192.168.178.10 (DNS server address) manually or via DHCP .


ReplayGain in Rhythmbox has hardly a noticeable effect

The ReplayGain plugin uses the rgvolume and rglimiter elements to process ReplayGain tags and adjust the output volume accordingly.

Rhythmbox determines the fallback gain used for tracks that don't provide ReplayGain tags by calculating the mean of the last 10 non-fallback gain levels.

You may tag your files (eyeD3) with gain informations given by mp3gain.

Here is an example script wich can help you : Add ReplayGain information to id3 tags of mp3 files

Personnal opinion : replaygain do not preserve sound dynamic range and can cause ears to bleed...


Is possible to create a launcher that open bash terminal with focus on a specific folder?

You can pass the --title argument to gnome-terminal, though it will likely get overwritten. You can also use --working-directory to specify a specific path that the new terminal is opened to. And finally, you can use the --command option to specify what command to run. Like so:

gnome-terminal --command "bash --rcfile ~/.bashrc-special"


After uploading, how can I reorganize my files on Ubuntu One cloud storage using a Mac?

Unfortunately, the web interface does not provide a way to move files.

If you need to do this from a Mac, you could try using the u1ftp API demonstration program I wrote, which lets you manage your files through a stub FTP server running locally.

Simply download the ZIP file from https://launchpad.net/u1ftp and run the following from the terminal:

python u1ftp-0.1.zip

Now use an FTP client to connect to localhost on port 2121 using your Ubuntu One credentials.  Performing moves or renames should happen fully server side, and avoid re-uploading the files.

While MacOS's Finder has some FTP capabilities, it only supports read-only operations so is not suitable for this job.  Pretty much any of the dedicated FTP clients should do the trick though.


It looks like you've got an EFI-mode Windows installation, a (probably damaged) EFI-mode GRUB installation, and a BIOS-mode GRUB installation. My guess is that you installed Ubuntu in EFI mode and somewhere along the line the package system decided to install the BIOS-mode GRUB, which damaged your EFI-mode GRUB installation and led to the problems. The Boot Repair tool has made matters worse by unnecessarily renaming and copying files, which is what's causing rEFInd's failure to launch Windows -- Boot Repair has moved the Windows boot loader to a non-standard filename (probably either bootmgfw.efi.old or bootmgfw.efi_backup) and has placed GRUB where the Windows boot loader normally resides (bootmgfw.efi).

If rEFInd lets you get into Linux, then the solution is pretty simple: In Linux, type the following command:

sudo cp /boot/efi/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi.old /boot/efi/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi

This will copy what's probably the original Microsoft boot loader back to its proper name. You should then be able to launch both Windows and Linux from rEFInd. If that doesn't work, try the same thing, but copy bootmgfw.efi_backup rather than bootmgfw.efi.old.

If rEFInd is not launching Ubuntu correctly, but is itself launching, then the above should still work to get Windows working, but you'll need to do it from an emergency disc, so the path to the files may be different. You'll need to provide more details about what happens with each of the rEFInd options for me to diagnose that problem.

There's almost certainly a way to get GRUB working instead of rEFInd, if you prefer to do that, but this will involve more diagnostics and a way to boot in EFI mode. (Your Ubuntu installation CD can do this if you can't get into your main Ubuntu installation, but forcing it to do so can be tricky if you don't already know how to do it on your system.)


LibreOffice now provides a Logo implementation that is truer to vintage Logo than KTurtle.  Install as sudo apt install libreoffice-librelogo, and then access its controls by enabling the Logo toolbar under View|Toolbars|Logo within LibreOffice Writer.  There will also be a Logo entry in the LibreOffice Help system.

It's well documented and simple to use once you get the hang of it, and feels very much like Apple II logo, and TI-99/4A logo.


Ensure SSH-2.0 working rather than SSH-1.5

From man sshd:

AUTHENTICATION
     The OpenSSH SSH daemon supports SSH protocols 1 and 2.  The default is to
     use protocol 2 only, though this can be changed via the Protocol option
     in sshd_config(5).  Protocol 1 should not be used and is only offered to
     support legacy devices.

You can verify how your SSH server is actually configured by looking at its /etc/ssh/sshd_config file:

# What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for
Port 22
# Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to
#ListenAddress ::
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
Protocol 2

You can check what protocols a running SSH server supports by connecting to it using the ssh client and using the -Q (query) option:

$ ssh -Q protocol-version localhost
2


Headphones phones don't work on my Toshiba Satellite L655d-S5066 laptop

I found this fix and it worked on the Toshiba Satellite L655D-S5066
Easiest way:

Open a terminal.

Type:

gksu gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

Press enter and it will ask for your password.

In gedit, add:

options snd-hda-intel model=ideapad

to the bottom of the file and save it. Be very careful not to change anything else, this instance of gedit is running with superuser permissions and you could damage your installation.

You’ll need to reboot for the changes to take effect.


Ubuntu Router: Can't ping between two NICs

assuming that enp4s0 is your "private" network:
network:
  ethernets:
    enp3s0:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses:
      - 192.168.1.23/24
      gateway4: 192.168.1.5
      nameservers:
       addresses: [192.168.1.23]
    enp4s0:
      dhcp4: no
      addresses:
      - 192.168.2.1/24
  version: 2

you'll then need to configure a computer on your private network to be 192.168.2.x in order to test pinging of the 192.168.1.23 IP address.
you will have trouble with the 192.168.1.0 network pinging the 192.168.2.0 network, unless you can teach the 192.168.1.0 network of the existence of the 192.168.2.0 network (you might be lucky with auto-discovery, but in the past I have had mixed success with it)
you might find it easier to set up NAT on your linux router, so that all requests to the 192.168.1.0 network come from the 192.168.1.23 IP address.
as per: How_to_set_up_a_NAT_router_on_a_Linux-based_computer :
modprobe iptable_nat
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o enp3s0 -j MASQUERADE
iptables -A FORWARD -i enp4s0 -j ACCEPT

(hopefully I've got the enpsx's the right way around)


Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 disconnects periodically

I was able to solve the problem of instability by entering the router settings and changing the Bandwidth from 20/40 to 20, considering that my router only supports 2.4GHz, if your router is 5ghz I think it should be better to set to 40 instead of 20.

I'm still looking for a solution to the problem of not recognizing the wifi card, but for now I can only solve by restarting too..

good luck!


How do I mount Nexus 7 to view files from command line

I had good experiences with go-mtpfs, which is a FUSE based file system.

Create a mount point, by default /media/MyAndroid:

sudo mkdir /media/MyAndroid
sudo chown <user> /media/MyAndroid

Once this is done, mount your android device with

go-mtpfs /media/MyAndroid

To unmount, kill the go-mtpfs process followed by

fusermount -u /media/MyAndroid

There are Ubuntu packages available in a PPA


Message tray does not give live updates forThunderbird, Gwibber, Emphathy. Is this supposed to be like this?

I am using 12.04.1 with cinnamon and not using empathy, but you can give a try

Thunderbird :

Get "systray" addon
Check mark on "Start application hidden to tray"
Add thundebird to startup on login by add it to start application

Pidgin

Get "Extended preference" plug-in
Set plugin, click/check mark "Hide buddy list at startup"
Add Pidgin to startup

Gwibber more easier just go to preference > check mark on "Start service at login"


Computer not suspending when inactive in the main log-in prompt

Solution

Install powernap. You can find it through Ubuntu Software Center or do sudo apt-get install powernap .
Enter terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and navigate to /etc/powernap (cd /etc/powernap). There you should find config file. Open it with the text editor of your choice. For me it's nano. sudo nano config. Or you can edit it directly as soon as you open command line - sudo nano /ect/powernap/config.
Find this portion of the file:

This is the copy of my edited config file. I've already set this to 1 (which is suspend). By default it is set to 0 (powersave). This setting will make computer suspend if all the things that powernap monitors are idle, in particular keyboard.
Bellow this portion of the config file, find next portion:

Again, this is copy of my already edited file. I've set ABSENT_SECONDS to 1800, because 1800 seconds is 30 minutes. Set this to your desired number of minutes. Save and close the file.
Navigate to /etc/default and locate powernap file.  Again, open it with text editor of your choice. sudo nano powernap . You're supposed to see this:

Again, this is copy of what I already edited. By default START=no, so set it to yes.
Reboot to let all the changes take effect.

Once the login shows up, see it puts your computer to sleep without loging in.

What I've found during research

Apparently, before Ubuntu 11 or 12.04, there used to be an app called gnome-power-manager, and there existed some solutions to this problem but this app is now depreciated. This bug , particularly for lightdm desktop, has been reported many times, but I've found no simple solution listed anywhere. I've also found that there are some ways to make gdm greeter/login screen to suspend when no one is logged in. Obviously, some people may be stubborn and stick with the default unity greeter, so this solution should work for everyone, regardless of the greeter used (I personally use gdm and unity, interchangeably).  I'm sure there are work around to this through bash scripting , but at least I couldn't find it.

My understanding is that you wanted automatic suspend when no user is logged in after some period of time, which this answer has achieved, at least on my machine. There's somewhat another option. Once your log in screen appears, go to tty1 (Ctrl+Alt+F1), login through there, and type sudo shutdown -P +30, which will shut down computer after 30 minutes, if no-one logs in. Downside of this , is that you have to cancel it once you get back to the machine, and if you forget, it will shut you down in the middle of work.

Let me know if this help. Cheers !

(PS: Dear moderators, please help me edit this answer, because when I posted text copies of the config file, the # signs would make all text bold, so I had to use pictures. If it's not to hard for you, please edit my answer, so that it also contains text copy of all the config files. Thank you!)


how to tell GRUB to show the user preferred names of OS'es. Ubuntu 18.04

If you just want to change Ubuntu.

sudo nano -B /etc/default/grub

#GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="Xubuntu-12.04-amd64 Precise"

sudo update-grub

If you want to change other installs, turn off os-prober in /etc/default/grub, by adding this line:

GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=true

And then in 40_custom you can put anything you want.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MaintenanceFreeCustomGrub2Screen

How to update grub on a dual boot machine?

I also can boot ISO directly from grub.

How do I boot an ISO file from my drive using grub2 on UEFI machines?

I also am converting hd1,gpt4 type entries to use search & labels. Too often I have to manually change drive as I boot, as plugging in USB changes drive number.

How to add a GRUB2 menu entry for booting installed Ubuntu on a USB drive?

cosmic_b is my install of cosmic on drive sdb, so I labeled it cosmic_b.

menuentry "Cosmic 18.10 on sdb12 test" {
    search --set=root --label cosmic_b --hint hd2,gpt12
    configfile /boot/grub/grub.cfg
}


sbsign and pesign can only sign PE format binaries - the format that UEFI and Windows use. If you want to sign something that isn't a PE binary, then you need a different tool.
If you want to sign a kernel module, you can use an appended signature - sign-file and kmodsign can do that. (But the DKMS system can do it all for you much more easily!)
If you want to sign your own kernel, you have a few options:

build your kernel as an EFI binary and use sbsign or pesign. There are kernel config options for this.
use some other mechanism to secure the step from Grub to the kernel, like Grub's detached signature support. Note that this will require you to build your own grub and sign it in a way that the shim (or your UEFI firmware) accepts.


How to get a usable desktop on Ubuntu 11.04?

Click the power button in the top right corner of the screen. Click "System settings". Select "Login screen". Unlock it. Change the "default session" drop down menu to "Ubuntu classic". Restart.

But there are things that I want to say about Unity:

The task bar is replaced with the Unity launcher.
Yes. This was made to save screen space, you'll get used to it, trust me.
That is weird, it usually does that from the first time. You can also try pressing the Super(Windows) key + W, which gives a view of all windows.
There is no need to keep it visible in my opinion - it saves screen space.
Yet again, I don't see a reason why - actually, I see a few reasons why not. One of them is that it would pop up when using a scroll bar.
File -> Open Terminal (Shift + Ctrl + N) while focused on the terminal window.
This means that the application wants attention - e.g. you received a message in your IM client.
Press the Super(Windows key) or the Ubuntu logo in the upper left corner of the screen. Click "More Apps". You will see the box where you type in to search. In the right side of it you will see a drop down menu with all the categories.


How to install libmudflap in 64-bit 14.04 "Trusty"

I didn't realise that mudflap has been deprecated in GCC from version 4.9. Even though Ubuntu 14.04 ships 4.8, I guess they have discontinued the package. Look up AddressSanitiser instead.


Apart from all the other answers given...  (I was just burned on this one)

A DVD burner can give up (failed drive motor) without giving any other indication of error.   It was fine a day ago, the tray still does open-close, the system still detects the device... and if you don't hear it spin up there can still be a mechanical problem underneath.

Just to be sure, check that you can still read a non-blank CD.  Listen for the spin-up.

If that's all good then try this:

sudo dbus-launch brasero

Good luck.


Problem with keyboard on Del xps 12 9q33

weird - the answer is to delete the .config/dconf/user file in my home directory. See about 3/4 down on the following web page.
http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-mint-84/keyboard-repeat-problem-on-dell-xps-12-running-mint-linux-17-2-a-4175559054/


How do I install Ubuntu Studio 13.04 from a DVD?

First of all, you need to boot your PC with the bootable DVD you created.

As for installation procedure, you may find the following link very helpful http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/install-desktop-latest

Also; if you need to install as a Dual boot system. Please you have to BE VERY CAREFULL and do not proceed with any step or make any selection oryou may break your current operating system or even worse; destroy all data on your hard drive.

And by the way It is not very complicated in this OS as you said . You just need to be familiar with and know what you are doing :) and you will then Fall in love with it ;)

A last note : I would highly recommend using Try Ubuntu without installing to get familiar with before actually installing it (Not sure if available in the Ubuntu Studio specifically as I never used it) but you may download Ubuntu ISO from http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop and give it a try.


Is there a way to have two columns in the Gnome launcher?

You can use Rofi.
#!/bin/bash

 rofi \
    -show drun \
    -show-icons \
    -columns 3 \
    -width 90 \
    -drun-match-fields "exec"

Bind the script to a convenient keyboard shortcut.
Rofi-based application launcher

In the script, I've used three columns but you can change that to two and adjust the width to your taste. To launch an application which has a .desktop file in ~/.local/share/applications or in /usr/share/applications, highlight the application via the keyboard or mouse or by typing a few letters in the search box and then press Enter.
You can also specify the icon theme of your choice as mentioned in man rofi:

-show-icons
Show application icons in drun and window modes.
-drun-icon-theme
Specify icon theme to be used in drun mode if show-icons setting is enabled. If not specified default theme from DE is used, Adwaita and gnome themes act as fallback themes.

You can preview and select rofi themes from your terminal using the command rofi-theme-selector.

Rofi works in all desktop environments with x11.


Why Ubuntu doesn't ask me for password before login?

Have you tried to create second user with admistrator role? Check if it happens the same for the new one, what happens when you just log off from one of the accounts and try to change your settings from the new user.


Can i download Windows version of games from Steam on Ubuntu for WINE?

You want to use SteamCMD, you can specify that you want to download Linux/Mac/Windows version of any Steam ID that uses SteamPipe (which is just about all of them).
https://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/SteamCMD#Cross-Platform_Installation
Is a direct link to the specific bit you're after. An exert:

Cross-Platform Installation
It is possible to choose the platform for which SteamCMD should download files, even if it isn't the platform it is currently running on. This is done using the @sSteamCmdForcePlatformType variable. (Yes, those are two "s"es at the beginning of the variable name.) For example, to download the Windows CSGO dedicated server on Linux, you can run the following command:
...

Hope that helps!
EDIT: Just so you know, you'll need the Steam ID for a particular game to use this method, which you can find: https://steamdb.info/


Can Emerald do translucent (blurred) window borders?

An option does exist in Compiz itself for blurring transparent parts of windows. To do this, you'll need to install compizconfig-settings-manager . (sometimes known as ccsm)

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager

Under Effects > Blur Windows, check the box for Enable Blur Windows, ensuring that the Alpha Blur section's checkbox is checked as well.


Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net

This PPA does not exist; that's why it is returning 404

Check this PPA entry in /etc/apt/sources.list and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/* and delete entry similar:

deb  http://ppa.launchpad.net/q-quark/equalx/ubuntu xenial main

After that run command:

sudo apt-get update


I accidentally disabled my touchpad. This is the way I found to re-enable it.

Press the "Windows key" to open the start menu. Type "terminal" and enter, to open the command line.

Then type:

xinput list

Find the 'id' of your touchpad. For me it looks like this:

Virtual core pointer                        id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ TPPS/2 IBM TrackPoint                     id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]
⎜   ↳ SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad                id=11   [slave  pointer  (2)]

My touchpad has id = 11.

Then type

xinput set-prop 11 "Device Enabled" 1

(but replace 11 with whatever id your touchpad had)


Cannot install vlc-plugin-libde265 to play H.265 (mkv/mp4) videos properly

The next works for me in ubuntu 14.04.Try this:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mc3man/trusty-media

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install vlc-plugin-libde265

The above
"sudo add-apt-repository ppa:strukturag/libde265" and

"sudo apt-get update" works for me for totem, not vlc, if i next to it do this:

"sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.10-libde265" and "sudo apt-get install gstreamer1.0-libde265".

I wish it work for you.Sorry for my bad english.


Install Google Play Music Plugin for Rythmbox on Ubuntu 12.04

These packages can all be installed from universe.

You have to enable universe repository.So that the python-validictory package would be installed.

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) universe"        # command to enable Universe repository

sudo apt-get update                                                                               # Command to update all repositories
sudo apt-get install python-validictory                                                           # Command to install python-validictory package

Edit

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:dput-ng-maint/daily
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python-validictory

Edit

After those commands run

sudo -i
curl https://bitbucket.org/pypa/setuptools/raw/bootstrap/ez_setup.py | python
exit
sudo apt-get install python-pip
sudo pip install gmusicapi --upgrade

Now open your Rythmbox and enable the Google Play Music plugin.


How to block the desktop background from being changed?

Besides the list of solutions which can answer your question which can be found to this similar question.

Another way to achieve that is the following:

Open terminal and login as root:

sudo -i

Type:

chmod 744 /usr/bin/ gnome-appearance-properties

To restore:

chmod 755 /usr/bin/gnome-appearance-properties


If you look at a network trace when you use security=share, everyone is logged in as guest, so samba passwords don't really matter and the target directory must have permissions 0777. At least that has been my experience.


how do I install mysql on ubuntu 19.0.4 with a specific root password

MySQL doesnt always ask for a password during installation. Whether it does or not you should run "sudo mysql_secure_installation" after install to configure MySQL, at which point it should ask you for a root password.


ImportError: No module named can but it's there according to pip list in ubuntu 18

The problem was that some libraries were only available for some python versions


Ubuntu 14.04 Mate - disable automatic screen lock and "Screen Lock" button over terminal

Disable screen lock:

dconf write /org/gnome/desktop/screensaver/lock-enabled false

Change Lock=true to false.

I'm not sure how you can remove the screen lock button, but you can open this file and see if it contains a screen-lock section (I don't have mate so I can't say if it is present):

sudo -H pluma /usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.mate.power.policy

If you find it, replace <allow_active>yes</allow_active> with <allow_active>no</allow_active>.


Should someone install Apache, MySQL etc. or use ready-made packets like XAMPP for PHP development?

Never use XAMP. It is third party software with all the possible security problems. I would always avoid third party software if there is a better version.

Use the native LAMP stack (so no need to install all the packages seperatly).

sudo apt-get install tasksel
sudo tasksel

and choose LAMP:

The setup is pre-configured for Ubuntu and asks for a admin password to set up MySQL.

It is the easiest setup there is. Plus you are going to get all the updates for each of the individual packages. And anyone on AskUbuntu will be able to help you since it is the standard/default version.

====

Quicker method:

sudo apt-get install lamp-server^

The ^ makes it install the task.


Ubuntu servers timing out after changing netplan

Those don't seem to be the correct nameservers. By doing nslookup on xfinity.com your are just getting the IP addresses of their web servers.
I don't know the correct nameservers for xfinity, but I would suggest trying googles public DNS servers.
Replace the nameserver section of your netplan with:
nameservers:
  addresses: [8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4]


How can I tell if I have a broadcom wireless card?

lspci should have an entry for your wireless adapter, including the manufacturer.


Why won't my flat-screen TV work with Ubuntu?

If you're running the Unity desktop: Click on the top left Ubuntu Logo and search for monitors. Click detect monitors.

If you're running Gnome: Click on the appearance menu under system and find monitor. Click detect monitors.

If this doesn't work more details would help to alleviate the problem.


Firefox stuck in 6.0 and not updating. Apt-get says that its latest version

Looking at the output of your sudo apt-get update command, it seems like you have a broken /etc/apt/sources.list file. To fix this, open Software sources by typing "software sources" in your dash and then check if there is a tick on the following:

Canonical-supported free and  open-source software (main)
Community-maintained free and open-source software (universe)
Software restricted by  copyright or legal issues (multiverse)

and the download takes place from the server nearest to you("Main Server" is fine for the moment but it may be busy at times).

And then open a terminal(Ctrl+Alt+t) and type the following:

 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get install firefox

You should have the latest version of firefox now.


Screenshot w/highlighting feature wanted

Can I run some tool via keyboard shortcut?
Yes! Gnome has it's default shortcuts to do so, but so does KDE!
You can also customize Gnome or KDE to run a command when you hit the defined shortcut (see next response for said commands).

Can I take a screenshot of some area on the screen?
If you're using Gnome (the default desktop environment of  Ubuntu), you can either press Shift + Prt Scrn or pass the -a option to gnome-screenshot to start it in "area selection mode".
There are other options that you can use, like -w to capture a window, or -c to put the screenshot in the clipboard.
More infos can be found in gnome-screenshot's manpage.
If you're not using Gnome, I can either recommend:

CLI only: maim with xclip for the clipboard part.
GUI: flameshot

There is a ton of other tools listed in this question, but be warned that some of them (like Shutter) are completely outdated and unmaintained.
Personally, I use maim+xclip. Here the commands I use:
# Screenshot an area and store in clipboard
/bin/sh -c "maim -q -s | xclip -selection clipboard -t image/png"

# Screenshot an area and store in file
/bin/sh -c "maim -q -s ~/Pictures/Screenshots/region_$(date +%s).png"

Can I highlight important area with a semitransparent brush?
In that case, flameshot is definitely what you're looking for :)
just do sudo apt-get install flameshot and change your shortcuts to use it as the default!


Map a range of ports to another range of ports (equal lengths of ranges)

[Mostly Stolen from the Internet]

Enable IP forwarding:

sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

Use the "nat" table to forward traffic:

iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination X.X.X.X:80

Don't forget about HTTPS:

iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 443 -j DNAT --to-destination X.X.X.X:443

Ask iptables to masquerade:

 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE

....and if you want that for each port in a range, i suggest something alike:

 #!/bin/bash
 y=0;  //first port to map to = 1, but y++ happens before mapping, so 0
 for i in {2000..2999}
    do
       ((y++));
       echo "forwarding port $i to port $y";
       iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport $i -j DNAT --to-destination X.X.X.X:$y;
 done

Note:

system ports 1-1000 are reserved, so the above script is a bad idea
;)
offcourse substitute X.X.X.X with localhost or wherever you want
to nat-forward


There is a bug#1809407 related here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mutter/+bug/1809407
and a patch to fix while here: https://gist.github.com/satmandu/2f2da70a7a6bbbacdba01ef8fb8c18f4
Please note that the patch needs systemd-container and to be in a specific folder to work properly (read carefully the instructions in the links)


Why am I not able to execute an application created by Qt? Also, I am not able to give execute permissions to it

The problem is that you are developing on a non-native filesystem which does not understand Unix permissions. Apparently, that filesystem is configured to accept only specific permissions for files, thus does not allow to execute programs.

Simply copy the files on an ext3 or ext4 filesystem, such as at your home directory.


What should I back up before updating apache?

I am curious to why you ask this because it should be the same files you backup during your regular backup. So what to backup should already be known. Personally I use a script that runs itself after I turn my machine on, when I turn it off and during my lunch break. I use rsync for it so it only backs up changed files. I lost count how many times I messed up deleting something that should not be deleted.

Question you need to ask yourself: What files did I change and add to get apache working and to have it serve me my website?

There are 2 directories to take note of:

/etc/apache2/. It holds configurations and website settings. apache.conf. http.conf, sites-enabled, sites-available. Probably everything in there.
the directory your document root is set to. The default would be /var/www/html/, otherwise you would need to backup to what you changed it to.


If you boot from an Ubuntu install CD/DVD or USB flash drive, run the installer, and select the option to install alongside existing operating systems, the installer will attempt to automatically shrink down your Windows Vista partition and create the partitions Ubuntu needs in the newly freed unpartitioned space.

This usually succeeds, but sometimes doesn't. If it's unable to shrink the Windows Vista partition because of files that cannot be moved, then you should try shrinking the Windows Vista partition in Disk Management in Windows Vista. (This functionality is not available prior to Windows Vista; for example, in Windows XP you cannot use Disk Management to do this.) You can run Disk Management in Windows Vista or Windows 7 by typing in diskmgmt.msc in the textbox at the bottom of the Start Menu, then pressing Enter.

If the Ubuntu installer cannot shrink the Windows Vista partition and you cannot shrink it with Disk Management in Windows Vista, try disabling swap (i.e. paging) and hibernation and trying again in Disk Management. (Afterwards, you can re-enable swap and hibernation.)

For greater customization during installation, you can select Do something else and manually partition (but only if you know how). Alternatively you can manually partition using the GParted Partition Editor on the live CD/DVD/USB before running the installer. But most users who want to run Ubuntu and another OS on the same machine are pretty well served by automatically installing Ubuntu alongside their other operating system.


How can I change Calendar's Language and adjust Time and its Format?

Besides what PKumar suggested, open System Settings -> Language Support, switch to the Regional Formats tab, and select English (United States).


Can I set a custom horizontal width for a Gnome panel?

Unfortunately, there is no way to set a custom horizontal width for a Gnome Panel. The best you can do is disable the "expand" property, and let it adjust to the size of its contents; you can also change the "x-centered" property to center the panel or keep it on the left.

This can be done with dconf-editor (install dconf-tools), with the settings found in top-panel or bottom-panel under (see top panel in screenshot):

org->gnome->gnome-panel->layout->toplevels


You can use the mysql-admin tools to connect and create scheduled backups of your databases to any location you desire, including your Ubuntu One folder. You can install mysql-admin through Terminal using sudo apt-get install mysql-admin or through a package manager like Synaptic.

The mysql-admin tools have been deprecated and replaced by Oracle with MySQL Workbench which does not offer built-in backup options, but the older tools still function with current MySQL databases.

I'm performing essentially what you are trying to achieve using mysql-admin, performing regular backups of my MySQL databases to GoogleDrive, and it works perfectly.


Which applications should I open with Bumblebee?

Optimus is a technology from nVidia that allows you to switch between the lower power Intel graphics that are integrated in your CPU and the higher power nVidia graphics from your discrete graphics card. The big difference between Optimus and other strategies is that even when using the discrete card to do the computations, it still pipes the actual display data through the integrated Intel graphics to your monitor.

There's no set rule for which card to use for what program. In general, you should run demanding applications such as games, modelling software, and GPU optimized programs (e.g. bitcoin miners) using the nVidia Card. The only advantage of using the Intel graphics is that it consumes less power. So first try running it using the Intel graphics; if your performance isn't good enough, restart the program using nVidia graphics. See also the help article here.


Why I get grub error after upgrading Ubuntu 12.04 to 12.10?

I've had a similar issue with grub-pc on upgrade. Removing the snapshot (which somehow prevented grub installation) and reinstalling grub from live USB solved my problem.

To reinstall grub, you need to do the following as root (if you do have snapshots, also execute actions marked italic):

create a bootable USB drive preferably with ubuntu 12.10 and some space reserved for persistent storage.
boot from live USB
install lvm on your flash drive:

apt-get install lvm2
search for lvm logical volumes: lvscan
remove those, marked as Snapshot:

lvremove /dev/<VG name>/<LV name>
mount the / of your hard disk and some run-time partitions:

mount /dev/<root partition> /mnt/

mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev

mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc

mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
cd to the system on your hard disk:

chroot /mnt/
install grub and exit chroot:

grub-install /dev/<your hard drive>

exit
The grub boot loader should now have been installed to the MBR of your local hard drive. Try rebooting from it.


have you checked out all the SecureBoot and UEFI settings? you can read trough this page


Is it normal for a 14GB VHD file to be converted to a 100GB+ BIN file?

If the size (or maximum-size) of the partition in the VHD is 130GB, then yes, it's normal. VHD/VDI support "sparse" disk files, i.e. they only take up the actual amount of space used, not the specified size. BIN has no such support, so the VHD will be expanded out to the full size, although it will mostly be zeros.


How to get whatsapp as a desktop app on Ubuntu?

Create the file in ~/.local/share/applications, so you don't have to mess with sudo:

Open gedit, paste the text shown in the answer you link, and save as <the name you prefer>.desktop, let's say whataspp.desktop, under the directory mentioned.

In the Exec line, you are telling which web browser to use, using the absolute path to the executable.

As said in the other answer, if you are going to use chrome, or chromium, you have to install it and change the line with the path to the executable. Use which google-chrome (or which chromium-browser) to check the path.


Ubuntu system files cannot access Internet

The problem turned out to be that the disco(Ubuntu 19.04) repositories on my /etc/apt/sources.list, which now is EOL(End Of Life).
Now to fix this, I will have to either comment or remove the lines in the sources.list file.
This could be done by

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

and then find and comment all the files that had the word Disco in it.
like:

'http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-updates Release'
 'http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security'

which could be either commented out using a # sign.

Thank you!


Linux cannot run Win32 apps natively.

You have four options:

Try it in WINE
Try it in PlayOnLinux
Run it in a VM.
Dual boot with Windows (Cost of $115)

I recommend the WINE method. According to the official DB, it gets a very good compatibility rating.


How to launch Terminal without using Dash?

Try to type Ctrl+Alt+t and a new terminal window should appear.


If there is a graphic card like nvidia, AMD in your laptop., goto that company site and download and install those drivers for linux !

This will works !


Getting a command to run on all files in subdirectories

It will take time there is nothing you can do.

Type this
warning first go to the desired directory after then type this
Its to dangerous
Or change the (dot) with you desired directory path

sudo find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \; 2>/dev/null >/dev/null & .

Your problem for time will be solved this will make you terminal free for working while your command is running on back-end.


Ubuntu 12.04 pixelated screen in between login screen and appearance of the desktop

I suspected it was something to do with nvidia and xorg server, so I do some searching and tried something described in installing-nvidia-drivers-on-ubuntu-12-04 and on ubuntu-forums, and the problem is solved now.

The basic theory is to remove nvidia and xorg completely then reinstall them:

Reboot my laptop to recovery mode by keep the Shift key pressing down after the laptop manufacturer logo appear and release it after Grub menu fully loaded, then choose the 'Recovery Mode'.
Choose 'Boot Normally' when a menu appear.
Open up terminal by hitting Ctrl+Alt+T.
Remove the xorg.conf by typing:

sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Remove all nvidia package by typing:

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia*

Remove xorg by typing:

sudo apt-get remove --purge xserver-xorg

Reinstall xorg by typing:

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg

Reboot the system by typing:

sudo reboot

After successful reboot, the pixelated screen is gone~ (yay~!!)
I open 'Additional Drivers', I see 2 nvidia drivers, version 319 and 331 (version of both is in extra information provided below them) which is not activated, so I activated version 319 and then reboot. (because I had a problem with 331 previously)
Then I run a program which need 3D support, in this case a Steam game, but Steam detected there is a newer version of nvidia and ask me to update it, so I close Steam, go back to the 'Additional Drivers', choose the 331 version and activate it, then restart my laptop, and the pixelated screen is still gone~~ (double yay~!!)

In the process of trial and error, maybe I've missed out some step or done something wrong and I met some problems such as low graphic mode, looping in login screen. If you meet one of them, or maybe both...

To solve low graphics mode:

Reboot into Recovery mode again.
Choose 'Boot Normally' when a menu appear.
Open up terminal by hitting Ctrl+Alt+T.
Remove all nvidia package by typing:

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia*

Install the more stable/tested version:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current

Install the more up-to-date version:

sudo apt-get install nvidia-current-updates

Reboot.

To solve the looping in Login screen:

At the login screen, press Crtl+Alt+F1 to boot into shell environment.
Type your username and password to login.
Change the working directory to your home directory:

cd ~

Rename a hidden file:

sudo mv .Xauthority .XauthorityBak

Reboot.

This should fix the problem, but if you started to get a 'System Problem Detected' when you would login from a locked desktop, try to change the .Xauthority ownership in your home directory by typing the following command in terminal:

sudo chown $USER: .Xauthority


Installing Ubuntu Touch on Nexus 7 (2012) now that it is no longer supported

Since yesterday I have on my Nexus 7 2012 desktop Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS, so I think steps for reproduce this on Ubuntu Touch can be similar (or you can try desktop version).

So everything you doing on your own risk. :-)

My steps was in short this:

Flash Ubuntu 13.04 via Fastboot (commands in previous answer)
Edit file with repositories at /etc/apt/sources.list based on this examples (I choose Trusty because it is next LTS after 13.04 and I doesn't expect any problems)

deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ trusty main restricted
 deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ trusty-security main restricted
Make apt-get update and apt-get upgrade
Optional: Install SSH server with apt-get install ssh
Restart tablet and enjoy latest LTS version of Ubuntu :-)

Source: my today blogpost (in Czech)


How can I restore my broken (appears to be renamed) wired ethernet connection?

This answer summarizes the chat:

You can either:

let NetworkManager take care of network connections; make sure that managed=true in /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf. Restart the Network Manager after changes: sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager. Obsolete entries in /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections can be deleted; if necessary, they will be recreated.
do away with NetworkManager altogether, as described here. In this case, the file /etc/networking/interfaces is decisive.

The fact that your network interface was renamed has to do with systemd adhering to a standard called "Predictable Network Interface Names" described here.


Installation of any program requires at least sudo right access (or root) and you should have the right to access apt-get or aptitude installers to perform the operation. While having access only to Firefox (no matter how) you can do only browsing.


Can't update grub on persistent live USB

You can't update-grub of a liveUSB with persistence. You have to modify the config file from another computer running linux (or windows, if you've got good command line knowledge with Cygwin).

Running update-grub while using /cow (which is a casper filesystem on your USB mounted as / in your setup) will have it try to update the grub entries of the root partition, which isn't actually where grub runs from in the case of a liveUSB. It runs from a device other than /cow, then changes into /cow for your usage.

Ostensibly, you could chroot into the /rofs loop device (loop means the filesystem is in a literal file instead of a physical disk), as running update-grub there would actually update the grub of the file used to run the liveUSB enviroment.

Unfortunately, the image used here isn't updateable as it's mounted write-only (as it should be! You don't want temporary filesystems modifying themselves). I'd recommend you try using two USBs, one with the live disk, and the other to install to. Make sure you disconnect the hard drive of the computer you use, to avoid grub (or worse, the whole linux system you're trying to install) from installing over whatever bootloader is already there.

Source: I've been trying in vain to do just what I imagine you were trying to do, and have learned a lot along the way.


rsync how to send folder contents but not folder itself

This can be done using shell globbing:

rsync -avz --ignore-existing --recursive /var/-iles/_site/* root@mytestingdomain.com:/var/www/

All the contents of the /var/-iles/_site/ directory will be copied to the destination.


After lots of tries and troubleshooting, I finally could fix the issue (and italics come because it is not the definitive solution). @heynnema commented in this prior post that there is a bug with the wireless adapter my laptop has and Ubuntu.

For me, the solution a user proposed in that thread worked!

git clone https://github.com/Limeth/lenovo-u31-70-patches.git
cd lenovo-u31-70-patches/wireless-adapter-patch
chmod +x ./auto.sh
./auto.sh

But suspend doesn't work perfectly. It takes between 6 and 13 seconds to go to sleep, whereas the wireless is enabled. Nevertheless, when it is disabled, suspend is immediate. Therefore this is not a proper answer, but (at least for me) this was a patch so far.


Do "personal fstab" files exist for user accounts?

In case we need to always mount a drive after we log in to our account but do not want this drive mounted at boot we may want to consider mounting by udisks. Below command will e.g. mount the drive ``/dev/sdc1to/media/` (no root permissions needed):

udisks --mount /dev/sdc1

This command can be added to a script, or put in autostart applications if needed.

See also these related questions here:

Automatically mount NTFS drive when I login
CLI mounting vs. GUI mounting
How to configure the default automount location?


There seems to be a few parts to unpack …
Re: Digital keys
One of the things that I do for SSH and other keys is keep them in a LUKS encrypted volume on a USB stick. The USB stick is attached to my keychain, and always with me. If my house were to burn down, or all of my computers confiscated by a government organization, or my son were to go on a venomous rampage, I could use the keys on the USB stick with one of my offsite backups to restore 100% of my irreplaceable data in a matter of hours.
Re: Backup Restoration Failure
All backup process that is never tested can offer you is a false sense of security. Test your backups by restoring them to a virtual machine at regular intervals. I have mostly automated this process away, so test a full déjà dup restoration on a VirtualBox instance thrice a week. Errors result in notifications. Notifications result in a manual verification of the failure followed by a fix.
Most normal people would sleep just fine doing it once every few months.


After upgrading to 16.04 LTS , qbittorrent won't open?

This worked for me:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:qbittorrent-team/qbittorrent-stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get remove --purge qbittorrent libtorrent-rasterbar8
sudo apt-get install qbittorrent

Reinstalling qbittorent from the ppa you will get the 3.3.4 version, and that should fix the problem.


Having trouble running update through terminal

The first output is saying that some other program is running as root. This can happen even if you are using two terminal instances with sudo, which happens to me a lot when I'm doing too much at once :D

Also perhaps Geany, Gedit, or some other text editor is using sudo or gksu to make changes to a low level folder... Are you editing a file or script in your /bin, or something like that?

Another big one is if you are using a GUI package manager (Ubuntu's, Synaptic, etc) which "locks" the admin directory, as in, "someone is already being root right now and there can be only one!"

The second output is explicitly saying that there is a file called "sp" which has no file extension (.txt, .conf, .d, .py, so on). Go into that folder and have a look at that file. Maybe
cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sp to here so we can check it out, too.


You cannot use adobe flashplayer anymore from April 2014. [1]

You should rely on pepper flash plugin, install it with [2]:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:skunk/pepper-flash
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pepflashplugin-installer

gksu gksu gedit /etc/chromium-browser/default

paste '. /usr/lib/pepflashplugin-installer/pepflashplayer.sh' on the end of the new opened file

References:

[1] http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/01/chromium-npapi-flash-dropped-april-2014

[2] http://www.webupd8.org/2013/04/install-pepper-flash-player-for.html


Is there anywhere you can get a super key for the keyboard?

Maybe not best or most beautiful solution but you could  cover it with a sticker. Stickers can be purchased from canonical web shop or second  solution is to request a free stickers from System76 web page


How to grep for "STRING1" but skip if the line contains "STRING2"?

This will do:

 grep -v "STRING2" file | grep "STRING1"


Different action for unity launcher icon depending on action?

Whilst not quite the launcher you would like to make - WebUp8 have recently blogged about the following GoogleDocs launcher that does a upload when you drag-and-drop.

Hope this gives you a few ideas for your final solution.


After uninstalling PyDev from eclipse and removing its update as-well I closed eclipse
Then I run eclipse as root from the command line

sudo eclipse

I then reinstalled Pydev and all was OK


Remove loop partitions created by Anbox snap app?

Ogra posted a solution on snapcraft.io. By removing snap (using command sudo apt purge snapd) from Xubuntu system the loop partitions will be deleted automatically. This means there is no longer I can use snap apps on my system. Apparently I dont use any snap-apps so this will work for now.


Not able to figure out a way to permanently change the nameserver 127.0.0.53 to 8.8.8.8 on reboot

Actually, 127.0.0.53 shows that systemd-resolve is running. To properly set your preferred DNS nameserver, set it in Network Manager:

Restart Network Manager:

sudo service network-manager restart

Confirm the correct nameserver addresses:

resolvectl status | grep Server

Ideally, you will see:

Current DNS Server: 8.8.8.8
       DNS Servers: 8.8.8.8


Allright, I figured it out, thanks to a tip from another question....

What ended up solving my problem was creating an ext4 partition on each drive, and pointing mdadm at the partitions and not the drives themselves. After that, the array was persistent after reboot.

I did not try this before this question because the other question had not marked the answer as accepted.


How to run a script when password is entered at the lock screen?

I don't know if there is a way to run things after entering your password as you request and I doubt there will be since that is handled by the desktop environment (probably the screensaver daemon). However, it should work perfectly well if you add the right scripts to /etc/pm/sleep.d. Since you have not shown the scripts you've tried, my guess is that you simply did not write the script correctly. The following works fine on my system:

Create a file called /etc/pm/sleep.d/20_resume with the following contents:

#!/bin/sh

case "$1" in
    thaw|resume)
    /home/terdon/scripts/onoff.sh
    ;;
esac
exit $?

Make sure to adapt the path above (/home/terdon/scripts/onoff.sh) to the actual path of the script shown in step 3.
Give the file the right permissions (rwxr-xr-x)

sudo chmod 755 /etc/pm/sleep.d/20_resume

Write a script that turns off the touchpad if a mouse is connected and on if there is no connected mouse:

#!/bin/sh

## Get the xinput ID of the touchpad
TID=$(xinput list | grep -iPo 'touchpad.*id=\K\d+')

## Check if a mouse is connected and act accordingly
xinput list | grep -iq mouse &&  xinput disable "$TID" || xinput enable "$TID"

Now save the script above using the path and name from step 1 (in this example, /home/terdon/scripts/onoff.sh), make it executable (chmod +x /home/terdon/scripts/onoff.sh) and you should be set.

If this is what you've already tried, please edit your question and show us the scripts you've used.

The other approach I can think of is to use the procedure outlined in my answer to your other question. I don't understand what you have against loops, they are a perfectly valid and indeed invaluable programming construct. The only issue I can think of is that running an infinite loop can tax your CPU but that should not be a problem if your script uses sleep to wait for a second or two between each loop run. Since my suggestion does just that, you can simply use that if the above fails you.


How to start X without logging in console?

It sounds like what you are looking for is a boot splash, there are a few to choose from, but Ubuntu usually uses plymouth.  Installing plymoth should be enough to accomplish what you asked.

sudo aptitude install plymouth

If you need more control, you can follow this tutorial

http://handytutorial.com/change-the-boot-splash-screen-theme-in-ubuntu-12-10-12-04/


NO BOOTABLE DEVICE message after ubuntu 14.04 installation in an acer V3-572G computer

You installed ubuntu in UEFI mode or in legacy BIOS mode ? Try switching between the two modes and reboot your computer.

Configure the BIOS to boot from internal HDD.


Typically only kernel updates require a reboot.  With 16.04 being a bit more mature, they are probably rolling our kernel updates less frequently.  All of the other applications and services can typically be installed without a reboot.

This is one of the ways that Linux can be better than Windows, where you always have to reboot.

Depending on your setting, you may also be limited to security patches in you update.


Download multiple files in an external hard drive

You are on the right path.

Why not just combine the last two steps for the desired effect:

cd /somepath ; wget -i /anotherpath/data.txt

Or:

wget -i /anotherpath/data.txt --directory-prefix=/somepath


Wubi without downloading ubuntu-12.04.1-wubi-i386.tar.xz

Use an install disk to do this. Download the iso from ubuntu.com, burn it to a CD, take the CD with you to the school and install it under Windows. This is all.


Downloading all dependencies on Windows and installing them on Ubuntu

Download and install gdebi.deb for your architecture.
Download openssh-server.deb. Right-click on it and choose "Install with gdebi" option. Gdebi will tell you about missing dependencies, one-by-one. Download each depending deb package and install them one-by-one using Gdebi. I know it's an excruciating pain when having many dependencies to meet, but it's the only failsafe method i know. I just hope you'll have the patience for it.


Ubuntu 18.04 installer not able to set up LVM

If you want all the available options to customize disk partitions, raid, etc, you should install Ubuntu using the Network Installer.

You can download it from here.

You need an active internet connection for this to work. When the installer reaches the point where it asks you what desktop to install, mark Ubuntu Desktop and select Continue if you want to install the normal desktop. Of course, you can mark any other Ubuntu flavor on that same menu and install that one if you like. (Xubuntu Desktop, Kubuntu Desktop, Lubuntu Desktop, etc)


How do I give a user access to a folder of mine?

Just sync it to Ubuntu One and share it that way(you can share folders over U1).

Way easier than goofing around with how you're going to get your encrypted home to unlock if you're not logged in.


install mysql specific version (Unable to locate package)

Here how I solved this

Remove all MySQL instances from system

sudo -i
service mysql stop  #or mysqld
killall -9 mysql    #or mysqld
apt-get remove --purge mysql-client
apt-get remove --purge mysql-server
apt-get remove --purge mysql-common

# delete log and configuration files
rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
rm -rf /var/log/mysql
rm -rf /etc/mysql

Now download below .deb files from the MySQL archive

├── mysql-client_5.7.17-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
├── mysql-common_5.7.17-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
├── mysql-community-client_5.7.17-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
├── mysql-community-server_5.7.17-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
├── mysql-server_5.7.17-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
├── mysql-server_5.7.17-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar
└── mysql-testsuite_5.7.17-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
Install them in the below order

dpkg -i mysql-common_5.7.9-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
dpkg -i mysql-community-client_5.7.9-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
dpkg -i mysql-client_5.7.9-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
dpkg -i mysql-community-server_5.7.9-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb
dpkg -i mysql-server_5.7.9-1ubuntu14.04_amd64.deb

Note: install libmecab2 if any error comes while installing above package

sudo apt-get install libmecab2

this will prompt to set root password for mysql; set as you wish

now check

mysql-version

mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.17, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

Reference links

https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=78936
http://installion.co.uk/ubuntu/trusty/universe/l/libmecab2/install/index.html
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/linux-installation-debian.html


I realize this isn't a great question, and may not really be suited for this forum. I also asked over in Hardware Recommendations and my question was removed as off-topic.  However, I did find an acceptable solution to my problem. I took a gamble on some Creative Pebble V3 USB-C Desktop Speakers. Around $40, they came with a USB C-A adapter, and I simply plugged them in and they worked. I am still unsure of what caused the analog ports to stop working, but for my purposes, this solution is as good as any.