How to setup Ubuntu Server on top of ubuntu 16.04 desktop?

Ensuring system still works...                           [ OK ]
Making up fake text...                                   [ OK ]
Deploying Ubuntu Server payload to OP...
>  48:65:6c:6c:6f:20:77:6f:72:6c:64:2c:20:68:6f:77:20
>  61:72:65:20:79:6f:75:20:74:6f:64:61:79:3f:20:41:72
>  65:20:79:6f:75:20:65:6e:6a:6f:79:69:6e:67:20:74:68
>  65:20:76:69:65:77:3f:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00    [ OK ]
Compressing the analog RSS application...                [ OK ]
Synthesizing the unicode MAC protocol...                 [ OK ]
Sending the fiber optic alarm into the feed...           [ OK ]
Rebooting the redundant CD-ROM program...                [ OK ]
Connecting the RX circuit to compress neural array...    [ OK ]
Writing VB script to track killer's IP address...        [ OK ]
Writing answer...                                        [ OK ]

Congratulations! By simply reading this post, you now have Ubuntu Server!
No, really, I'm serious here. The only major difference between Ubuntu Server and the regular version of desktop Ubuntu is the fact that Ubuntu Server does not come with a graphical interface or any sort of graphical "quality-of-life" improvements. As you can see on the list of things installed by default, there really isn't anything there except for the standard loadout. From the official documentation:

There are a few differences between the Ubuntu Server Edition and the Ubuntu Desktop Edition. It should be noted that both editions use the same apt repositories, making it just as easy to install a server application on the Desktop Edition as it is on the Server Edition.
The differences between the two editions are the lack of an X window environment in the Server Edition and the installation process.

Meaning, you can just install any server-related packages and everything will work for the most part. For example, if you want to install NGINX, any guide (like this one from DigitalOcean) will work perfectly fine. In the unlikely case that you don't have something you need installed, it will be when it needs to be. You can trust apt's dependency resolution system to resolve any (unlikely) problems that come up from you not having some server-standard package installed.
The only catch is that you may need to reconfigure the occasional config file to prevent a conflict (NetworkManager is infamous for this), which is not really that involved of a process at most times.  You might also need to punch the occasional hole in your firewall or set up some port-forwarding, but that's pretty easy and you (probably) would have had to do that on your server install already.
So, in short, just use apt like normal and install whatever packages you want.


Edit your ~/.bashrc to include the line

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

EDIT: If you want it available for all users, add the above line to /etc/environment


How do I enable the mod_rewrite Apache module for Ubuntu 11.04?

Did you ensure the RewriteEngine is on?

You'll want to verify that the mod is enabled - just look for rewrite.load symlink in /etc/apache2/mods-enabled. If not, run sudo a2enmod rewrite to enable it. Restart apache using sudo service apache2 restart and provided your .htaccess syntax is correct this will work.

Otherwise you will need to paste more information about your .htaccess file.


How to setup VirtualBox so I can access my guest system when I have no Internet

You have to use the Host-only network. VB creates a virtual network with a virtual interfaces and virtual dhcp server. Make sure that, the DHCP server works fine. Follow these steps:

File
Networks
Host only networks

If it is empty you need to add a new network config. After that, you should able to ping your host from the guest OS or inversely.


This seems to be a known bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gvfs/+bug/1451087

Not sure if there's a better workaround than the suggestions in that link:

  Anyway my work round for this issue is to unmount my smb drive, kill off gvfs and restart

or

  Killing gvfsd and quitting nautilus afterwards (nautilus -q) put things right temporarily.


The list of other distros not carrying qrfcview may help you hold on to your confidence in Ubuntu: https://repology.org/project/qrfcview/versions

In particular, if Debian drops a package, Ubuntu, which is based on Debian, will follow suit.


Wired LAN Conncetion not working, but router says I am connected

When I've entered "ifconfig" command, I've got like below.

root@ubuntuz:~# ifconfig eth0
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:17:31:6b:c7:58
          inet addr:192.168.113.251  Bcast:192.168.113.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::217:31ff:fe6b:c758/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:239282389 errors:0 dropped:29137 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:135445065 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:582201548 (582.2 MB)  TX bytes:2195333453 (2.1 GB)
          Interrupt:23 Base address:0xe000

Differences between you and me is that i have a ip address.
Did you setup your ip address?? or DHCP is running on your network??

As you said, router interface shows everything is well, I think it will be enough if ip address is configured.


How to set JAVA_HOME and NUTCH_JAVA_HOME in ubuntu., I tried but while compile nutch with ANT but getting this error

The error message Unable to find a javac compiler; suggesting that it is unable to find javac compiler, which is the javac binary. Try searching for javac on your system running javac -version and you can be sure if javac compiler is installed or not.

The package that provides java is openjdk-8-jre, by default it doesn't come with the javac compiler, only Java runtime environment. To install javac, run sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk which will install javac, you can be sure if it is installed running which javac or javac -version after installation is done.


How do I scroll slowly on Firefox, Document Viewer, etc.?

If you show the side panel in the pdf-viewer Evince, you can use
the   and  arrow keys of the keyboard
to scroll one page for each key-press. Otherwise, if you click in the page itself, and the whole page is not displayed, the same keys will scroll in small steps. (I think this is what you want.)
In Firefox the same keys will scroll in small steps. You can also use the scroll wheel of your mouse (if you have a mouse with a scroll-wheel).


Installation of 14.04 on Asus Zenbook UX301LA alongside Windows

Check out my blog post here : http://ux51vz.blogspot.ca

Might be a bit late, I guess you might figured it out already, but anyway, might help you as well... Instructions are for UX51VZ but I am pretty sure it can apply to UX301LA as well as the specs are pretty similar.

I you wanted to keep Win8, you can still restore it from the backup partition an reinstall Linux after.


What is the best way to secure my EC2 server in regards to the SSH?

Unless you have disabled user/password authentication on your server I would suggest changing it. From a security standpoint having one component of the authentication will make it easier.

Setting up SSH key authentication

User@Host:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096

after generating your key you would do the following:

User@Host:~$ ssh-copy-id <username>@<host>

You will then want to verify that the key is working before disabling password authentication.

User@Host:~$ ssh <username>@<host>

You should be prompted for the passphrase you established when you created the key. If you are and you connect to the server you can now disable password authentication.

modify your /etc/ssh/sshd_config by changing the following line:

ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
PasswordAuthentication no
UsePAM no

After this you want to reload the SSH server

User@Host:~$ /etc/init.d/ssh reload


Can i still use my windows 8 programs such as autocad, photoshop, sketch up with ubuntu?

No, you will not be able to use those programs.

This is because Ubuntu is an entirely separate operating system and the applications have to be installed within said OS.
(Note: OS=Operating System)

While those programs may have linux compatibilty, you'd have to install them within Ubuntu.

However, may I ask what is your reasoning for installing Ubuntu?  There may not be a need to replace Windows 8 with Ubuntu, and installing Ubuntu on a pre-configured laptop can have adverse effects on the system (As I have encountered).

I suggest either installing Ubuntu side-by-side with your windows installation, which is referred to as dual booting. (Refer to https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot).

If you really want to remove the Windows 8 OS and replace it with Linux, I suggest formatting your hard drive first to wipe the Windows installation (Refer to http://pcsupport.about.com/od/windows7/ht/format-hard-drive-windows-7.htm)

Then install the latest LTS version of Ubuntu which is currently 14.04 LTS (Refer to http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/)

Now all you need is to burn that image onto a disc. And follow these steps from the Ubuntu i stallation documentation (refer to https://help.ubuntu.com/community/GraphicalInstall)

Make sure you have a good internet connection available whilst installing, and keep your Ubuntu as up-to-date as possible.


Cannot create Python 3.5 virtualenv ImportError: No module named 'gdbm'

I have python 3.6 install and working i have tried many things but

sudo apt-get install python3.6-gdbm

This command worked for me
for python 3.5  you shold use

sudo apt-get install python3.5-gdbm


Is there a need to upgrade ubuntu one client in 12.04?

The update includes a notification about the disconnection date for file sync, and prevents connecting to the server on or after June 1.

You can also safely purge the ubuntuone-client packages as well, if you just wish to remove the client and already have all your files downloaded, or plan to download them off the web site.


Ubuntu 18.04 Won't Advance Past Login Screen

I have the same issue. Several months running without issue and now can't pass login screen. I created a new user and switched to lightdm and it logins fine.
Sorry to post this comment as an answer, but I have not enough points to do it properly.

EDIT:
As creating a new user worked for me, I did the following workaround:

I made a backup of my home folder, then removed my user and created it once again.
The login worked and now I am copying back folder by folder from the original home folder (I went back to using gdm3 BTW).

It's a bit painstaking, but all the previous installed packages are still there and machine-wide configs are preserved.

Hope this works for you.


"ztemtvcdromd: no process found" when removing crossplatformui

When you remove that package it's looking for a process called ztemtvcdromd as part of the postrm scripts, and since it doesn't find it it fails. This is a bug of the maintainer of the package which should have used || exit 0 so the process never returns different code of 0.

To fix this you need to edit the /var/lib/dpkg/info/crossplatformui.postrm and modify the line sudo killall -p ztemtvcdromd to sudo killall -p ztemtvcdromd || exit 0, then you can remove it.


Why does my printer print a blank page after every print job?

After trying some settings, the problem seems to be in one sided printing, kinda weird because I wouldn't expect that would need to result in an extra blank page. I don't think I had changed that setting before. But I set it to 'Long Edge (Standard)' and now it's fixed. In LibreOffice: File -> Printer Settings... -> Properties... -> Duplex. In Firefox in the print dialog -> Page Setup: Two-sided. It doesn't print a blank page at the end whether printing an even or odd number of pages. Changing it in Ubuntu settings in Printing Options or in system-config-printer in Printer Options fixes it for printing test pages. But for printing in LibreOffice or Firefox, the setting there takes precedence, so if for example two-sided is off in Firefox and on everywhere else, you will still have the problem when printing from Firefox.


I got to the bottom of this.
I have two users in my machine
/home/user
/home/test

And my "user" directory was missing which for some reason ended up in the "test" directory
a.k.a
/home/user2/user1

I have no clue why and how it happened.

I moved it back to /home and everything worked fine and dandy.

Thanks again for all your help.

Steps done

  CTRL + ALT + F3
  Login using your "user" account via terminal.
  It will put you in the root folder (since your /home/user is missing)
  Find your user directory using the below command sudo find / -name user
  This gave me the result /home/test/user
  I moved it back to /home by giving the below command sudo mv /home/test/user /home

and rebooted and it's all good and dandy.

I guess this happened bcaz I forced a reboot when in the background some updates were happening to my machine.


Ubuntu 20.04 LTS can't change screen brightness

I found it. It was the second answer provided by Renato Miotto.
Ubuntu 20.04 brightness adjust not working


How can I get Ubuntu 13.04 to work like it did before the Kernel update to Linux Image 3.8.0.19.30?

Make sure that the following lines are intact in your /etc/sudoers file

Defaults   env_reset
Defaults   secure_path="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"

If these are not there, you can copy and paste these lines and save the file and then reboot.

After the reboot, you wont be facing this problem.

Source: http://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?p=390742


Connection with static IP does not autoconnect Lubuntu 16.04

Your interfaces file suggests that you want that file to manage your connection. However, in Network Manager, the managed=true declaration suggests that you want NM to manage your connection. You have a conflict. There are too many hands on the steering wheel!

I recommend that you remove the enp3s0 settings from /etc/network/interfaces and set your static IP in Network Manager:


Ubuntu 14.10 and 15.04 does not recognize my graphic card

It does recognize your card.

VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06)


Syntax highlighting error in syncolor.vim with VIM 8.0 on Ubuntu

The problem is most likely 'defaults.vim' in your '$VIMRUNTIME' folder, which in this case would have likely meant.. /usr/local/share/vim/vim80/defaults.vim

I've just been trying to fix the same issue on OpenVMS with vim 8.1, and that turned out to be the cause - loading vim with vim -u [some garbage filename] forces vim to load without the system .vimrc, but also without the system defaults.vim


it's you from the future.  Here's how I fixed it:  I didn't!  I re-downloaded the 15.04 image from the Ubuntu website and created a startup "disk" on a USB thumb drive.  Today it worked, wehereas it didn't last night :(  Perhaps Canonical fixed their image...
So I booted from the thumb drive and removed my existing 15.04 and installed a fresh copy!  Sure I lost all of my files (VirtualBox, all installed games, etc.) but now Linux works again.
Let this be a lesson to you Dustin!  Never try and upgrade an Ubuntu OS!  Just backup all of your files and do a clean install... just like you used to have to do with Windows!


evolution 3.2 not deleting duplicate email account

Just a guess: check out the 'online accounts' preferences in system preferences to see if gmail is configured there. To do this, first click on the 'gears' icon in the top right of the screen, select 'system settings', and find 'online accounts'. Is your gmail account there? If it is, just delete it and try again in Evolution.


Simple modifications of the default /etc/screenrc

So I found this line in /usr/share/doc/screen/examples/screenrc:

hardstatus alwayslastline "%Lw"

So the answer is to uncomment the line mentioned in the question, but also add always before lastline giving:

hardstatus alwayslastline "%-Lw%{= BW}%50>%n%f* %t%{-}%+Lw%<"


How is proper uck link working ? ( - link is somehow broken )

This is completely normal, as there is no package for Ubuntu Vivid in that PPA. See http://ppa.launchpad.net/uck-team/uck-stable/ubuntu/dists/.

Remove the PPA from your repository list and find a different package source for UCK.


GDM was switched out for LightDM, so:

sudo stop lightdm

Or in your service parlance:

sudo service lightdm stop

For future reference, all these upstart services (that can be run with initctl's service command and shortcuts) are .conf files in /etc/init/


You only have a total of 1GB from which 292MB are free. Depending on what you are running, I would say that is normal. The 69MB are without the cache portion which can be freed at any time when needed.

To see which programs are really using the most memory, you should sort by the RES column in htop (hit F6 for sorting).

But if you really have memory problems, you may also check if you have any tmpfs mounted. tmpfs resides in the page cache, so free doesn't report it as used memory and you might actually have less than 292MB.

EDIT: Forking services such as Apache tend to use the most memory, especially when the number of client requests goes up. Try reducing the number of threads, maybe switch from prefork MPM to worker MPM (see http://codebucket.co.in/apache-prefork-or-worker/) or use a more light-weight server such as Nginx (see comments below this answer).


Just use this command:

dmesg | egrep -o "ttyUSB[0-9]+" | sort -u > test.txt

It will match and return the ttyUSB patterns.

From man grep:

   -o, --only-matching
          Print only the matched (non-empty) parts of a matching line,
          with each such part on a separate output line.


Digital signing with qdigidoc4 (Estonian ID card software) under Ubuntu 20.04

To the best of my understanding (reading this bug report), the Estonian root certificate is invalid (but probably not in a security-critical way), and OpenSSL 1.1.1f (used in Ubuntu 20.04) is stricter about the validation than OpenSSL 1.1.1e was. But OpenSSL 1.1.1g reverted this and again accepts the Estonian root certificate. The problem can be fixed by installing OpenSSL 1.1.1g. However, OpenSSL 1.1.1g is not packaged for Ubuntu yet.
Installing the Debian versions works:
wget http://ftp.br.debian.org/debian/pool/main/o/openssl/openssl_1.1.1g-1_amd64.deb
wget http://ftp.br.debian.org/debian/pool/main/o/openssl/libssl1.1_1.1.1g-1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i openssl_1.1.1g-1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libssl1.1_1.1.1g-1_amd64.deb

I do not know if this breaks something else. But signing and verifying with qdigidoc4 is successful again on my system with this change.


How do I make my screenshot ask me what to do next every time?

Try this answer first to get something identical to the old behaviour.

You may create a new keyboard shortcut for the command

gnome-screenshot --interactive

as an alternative.

To do that follow the steps.

Open Settings > Devices > Keyboard and scroll down to the bottom.
Click on the + symbol. A dialogue should pop up.
Enter any name you like in the Name box.
Enter gnome-screenshot --interactive in the Command box.
Click on the Set Shortcut... button and set any keyboard combination which doesn't cause any conflict, for example Super+Print.
Log out and log in again.

Now whenever you press Super+Print a window offering various screenshot options (whole screen/current window/selected area) should appear. Once you take the screenshot it will offer you to choose the location to save the screenshot as in the image in your question.

For convenience you may first change the shortcut for "Save a screenshot to Pictures" in the keyboard shortcut list to something else like Super+Print and assign Print to the custom shortcut you just created.

Also you might want to try using

gnome-screenshot -a -c

This command lets you straight away capture an area and copy the image to the clipboard.

Refer to this answer for an ugly workaround to replicate the old behaviour that lets you choose the folder to save the screenshot after capturing.


Figured it out, you just need to set sound channel amount from 2ch to 6ch in alsamixer


I'm getting nearly the same thing. I have a pc with Windows and Ubuntu on two different drives and grub2 was working fine. After a normal Ubuntu updating a couple of days ago,in which grub2 got updated, grub2 freezes and displays a black grub2 screen over the purple one. Tried doing boot-repair after booting with and Ubuntu USB but boot-repair didn't solve it.


chmod: Everything on SD Card Stuck On 755, Owner is Root

How is your SD card mounted?

mount | grep /media/ubuntu

Do you see ro or rw? You can remount it read/write by:

sudo mount -o remount,rw /media/ubuntu

If you read man 8 mount you can add an entry into /etc/fstab (man 5 fstab) that will allow a specified user, or all users to mount (and own) the SD card.


GNOME Terminal: Connect via SSH from Ubuntu Desktop 14.04 into Ubuntu Server 14.04 Virtual Box Guest Host

If you have a different username on the system you are connecting to, you have to specify it:

ssh kenneth1@192.168.1.10

If you don't specify any username, SSH assumes your current username.


I don't think that you need python2.6 to run this application.

You'll have to install the following dependencies though:

sudo apt-get install libgsl0ldbl python-numpy cython python-pyfits libgsl0-dev python-matplotlib

Then in the rm_tools folder of the source, run:

python ./setup.py install --user

Finally you'll be able to run:

~/Downloads/mrbell-pyrmsynth-a0f572c$ python rmsynthesis.py rmsynth.par
rmsynthesis.py ver. 1.2.1
Written by Michael Bell

Parsing parameter file...

Note: I used the default python2.7 on 14.04


The only way to get javadocs is to install a JRE or a JDK. If you picked one that did not have javadoc you will need to install one that does.

No way around it.


Does Ubuntu log events occurring during the boot?

you can check it into

/var/log

This directory has all types of logs

/var/log/auth.log

Record of all logins and logouts by normal users and system processes.

/var/log/btmp

Log of all attempted bad logins to the system. Accessed via the lastb command.

/var/log/debug

Debugging output from various packages.

/var/log/dmesg

Kernel ring buffer. The content of this file is referred to by the dmesg command.

/var/log/gdm/

GDM log files. Normally a subset of the last X log file. See /var/log/xdm.log for mode details.

/var/log/kdm.log

KDM log file. Normally a subset of the last X log file. See /var/log/xdm.log for more details.

/var/log/messages

System logs.

/var/log/pacct

Process accounting is the bookkeeping of process activity. The raw data of process activity is maintained here. Three commands can be used to access the contents of this file dump-acct, sa (summary of process accounting) and lastcomm (list the commands executed on the system).

/var/log/utmp

Active user sessions. This is a data file and as such it can not be viewed normally. A human-readable form can be created via the dump-utmp command or through the w, who or users commands.

/var/log/wtmp

Log of all users who have logged into and out of the system. The last command can be used to access a human readable form of this file. It also lists every connection and run-level change.

/var/log/xdm.log

XDM log file. Normally subset of the last X startup log and pretty much useless in light of the details the X logs is able to provide us with. Only consult this file if you have XDM specific issues otherwise just use the X logfile.

/var/log/XFree86.0.log, /var/log/XFree86.?.log

X startup logfile. An excellent resource for uncovering problems with X configuration. Log files are numbered according to when they were last used. For example, the last log file would be stored in /var/log/XFree86.0.log, the next /var/log/XFree86.9.log, so on and so forth.

/var/log/syslog

The 'system' log file. The contents of this file is managed via the syslogd daemon which more often than not takes care of all log manipulation on most systems.


Sometimes pop-ups and contextmenus leave an "echo" in the user interface

I have two guesses. First, it might be that Compiz (the program in charge of graphical effects) is not refreshing the area where the animation occurred after the last frame. I have this happen all the time on my Desktop. What I do to get rid of it is to move the cube slightly (most any graphical effect the uses the whole screen should work).
To test this, you could login using the classic Ubuntu interface, and then run metacity --replace. If it doesn't happen any more, this could be it.

Another thing it could be would be some drag and drop bug. In this case, you might not be able to click anything behind the grey area. Unfortunately, I'm not sure what you could do about that other than seeing if you can reproduce it and then reporting it.


What does the "Show All Input Sources" option do?

Those are related to ibus (Intelligent Input Bus).

Run ibus-setup and you will be prompted with a gui and the middle tab will show the installed "input methods". You can add and view input methods here. I would assume that the "Show All Input Sources" will show all of the installed input methods (btw: "input methods" is the same (but old name it seems) for "input sources").

'add' will show the languages

kbd is an input source that provides keyboard layouts as input method methods especially for European keyboards. There are several others, like anthy for japanese, pinyin or chewing for chinese.


If it weren't obvious, yes, Windows and Linux are two different beasts. I understand this question was asked a year ago, but I will still answer an unanswered question to the best of my ability.
Linux doesn't use the same type of linking method you're used to with Windows. Linux uses Hard Links and Soft Links; Read here for more information. The most commonly used are Soft Links: a shortcut to a file or directory.
In an effort to provide the most detail in my answer, I tried to look deeper into the file. I came up with this:
The Linux file of Bibisco does not seem to ship with an icon. The executable doesn't seem to have UTF-8 encoding -- in other words, that's why it looks like garbled symbols. This isn't definite, as I didn't play with the settings in my text editors to look, so this is just my observation.
So, the best thing I can come up with is to Make your own .desktop file and Make your own icon.
Making Your Own Icon
It isn't as specialized as Windows, where you need a .ico formatted image (or a pack thereof) to set an image to a folder, or a shortcut. Linux is a little more friendly, instead allowing you to use .png images or .svg vectors. In some cases, you can even use .xpm images to create them. Arch Linux Wiki
In the case of bibisco, you can either make your own, or crop one from an existing logo. The option is yours.
Crop
I use Version 1.5.0, and I found the banner of bibisco (the image at the splash screen) in the folder of its root directory > WebContent > img . I’m assuming that is the same location for most of the other bibisco versions as well.
You can crop it to a square “bi” image like the Windows icon is, by loading up GIMP ([Should still be] Standard in Ubuntu) and selecting the Crop Tool. Then Save As... a .png file wherever you want (Best next to the executable itself).
Make
Pull up GIMP like before, and create a new image about 80-100 pixels (px) squared. This is what I ended up making, but it still works. Go ahead and make some kind of graphic you want to be representative of bibisco and save it as a .png as before.
If you want to make one as close to the original style as possible, the bibisco splash title uses Courier font, and the ‘i’ has a yellow square dot.
The .desktop File
The Desktop file is a little tricky, and will require you to do a little writing and some directory searching. Don’t worry, the logic behind it won’t bite.
Open up gedit or your text editor of choice (or right-click on the desktop and select Create New... > Empty File), and fill in the information in the code block. All of it.
[Desktop Entry]

Type=Application
# Can be either Application (An executable), URL (Internet link), or directory.

Name=bibisco
GenericName=Novel Writing Software
# Short description of the software or file.

Exec=/home/*you*/path/to/file
# The path to the executable file/program.

Icon=/home/*you*/path/to/file.png
# The path to the image of choice (png, svg...)

Categories=Office

Replace “ you ” with your username, and “/path/to/file” with the location you unpacked bibisco and/or saved the image.
Once done, Save As... a .desktop file and place it on your desktop. Ta-Da! Done.
That’s the best way I’ve found to solve that problem: Do it yourself.
As far as Soft Links (Basic Shortcuts) are concerned, from my experience on GNOME 3, all it takes is Right-click > Properties, and clicking on the icon image to find another to replace it. I will still recommend using a .desktop file, as it has some perks over linking.
Hope this helps!

Disclaimer: I no longer use Ubuntu, as I've transferred completely to
Fedora. Some of the information here may not be correct, though I
have attempted to get as much of it to be correct. This guide has been
written to be comprehensive in other like situations.


I found it. It is called localepurge.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install localepurge

Follow the instructions.


"Disk driver for / is not ready yet or not present" error after upgrade

There are many reasons this could have occurred.  Please see the link below for a solution.
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1507558


Problem installing Laravel on Ubuntu 15.04

You asked "problem installing laravel", in that case simply do steps 1 to 3 correctly from this guide : Refer to this working guide to install laravel,

Otherwise if those steps are clear, you might refer the last steps-
Assuming you created a virtual host, you have to reload the service :

$ a2ensite laravel.example.com

$ sudo service apache2 reload

And after that put up a port for accesing it thru browser.

sudo echo "127.0.0.1  laravel.example.com" >> /etc/hosts


The guide on help.ubuntu.com is for juju < 2.0.

Re lxd error, did you follow the entire getting-started guide?

The above guide sets up a "cloud" based on LXD, not MAAS.


Unable to open V4L2 device '/dev/video0'

or

Failed to open /dev/video0: No such file or directory

Two potential problems:

Wrong video number. The number can change depending on the number of existing webcams. Check output of ls /dev/video* or v4l2-ctl --list-devices.
v4l2loopback module is not enabled or installed. If you already installed v4l2loopback run sudo modprobe v4l2loopback. Then check output of ls /dev/video* or v4l2-ctl --list-devices. If you did not yet install it see Is there any way ffmpeg send video to /dev/video0 on Ubuntu?.

Unknown V4L2 pixel format equivalent for yuvj422p

The V4L2 output device only supported a limited number of pixel formats. Add the format filter to your command to give it a compatible pixel format:

gphoto2 --stdout --capture-movie | ffmpeg -i - -vf format=yuv420p -f v4l2 /dev/video0


Is there jitsi SIP-client for Ubuntu or Debian which has command-line interface?

You can start jitsi from command line and it will start a call if you pass the uri of the contact. For example: jitsi xmpp:user@server.domain it will start the new call in existing jitsi if it is working.
Little bug here - you can not pass an IP address after @, see https://github.com/jitsi/jitsi/issues/471


In order to get your nvidia GPU to work, you need to install "bumblebee", just like it is mentioned on the wiki:

sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia primus linux-headers-generic

However, your card is not supported by the default drivers, since it is too recent, and thus, you will need to take additional steps.

First of all, you must install the latest drivers sudo apt-get install nvidia 346 (at the time of writing).

Afterwards, you must edit the file /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf and replace all instances of "nvidia-current" with "nvidia-346" (It has to be replaced on 4 places in that file).

This, however, will still make the machine boot into a black screen. The problem is that the nvidia module is being loaded before the intel one. Bumblebee creates a file /etc/modules/modprobe.d/bumblebee.conf that blacklists nvidia-modules. This file, however, hasn't been updated in a while. Therefore, you must add the following to the end of this file:

# 346
blacklist nvidia-346
blacklist nvidia-346-updates
blacklist nvidia-experimental-346

After a reboot, you should be good to go. Of course, don't forget to change "346" to the number on the driver version you have installed.


HP Spectre X360 13 (i7-8565U Whisky Lake) won't suspend properly

bought same/similar machine in December and pulled my hair over same issues, eventually switched to Manjaro and all these got sorted out of the box.

From the little info I grabbed along the way:

_Suspend: this machine does not support S3 sleep mode, upgrading to kernel 4.19 or higher allows for hybrid suspend or hibernate modes which would result in similar outcome, zero power consumption, but it won't resume from suspend on lid open, you'd have to press power to retrieve your session. Couldn't figure out how to hook on lid open event to resume. Also, you may have to set a swap partition, I can't remember if that's necessary cause I created mine when I started to distro hop, so manjaro had a swap when installed, while ubuntu didnt and used a swapfile.

_If your model has Nvidia card, you should also have other issues under lastest Ubuntu such as erratic mouse, fans won't stop spinning even on idle, touchpad unusable etc. They all stem from some failed acpi management with the nouveau driver. Set nouveau.modeset=0 in grub, once in ubuntu install nvidia graphics driver 415 branch, and not the 39x one. Or even follow a tuto to install bumblebee; and remove nouveau altogether.

good luck


How do I fix Master File Table using Ubuntu?

Under data-recovery on this site you'll find useful previous answers which cover both your needs for restoring a deleted partition table and bring back a whole partition after it's messed up or deleted, the same for your needs about file recovering. This list contains just a few but you may find more by following this link: https://askubuntu.com/questions/tagged/data-recovery

How to recover Deleted Files and Folders?
How to recover a deleted NTFS partition with data
Recovering data from /

Good luck!


installation of usb network adapter without internet connection

Connect your phone using a USB cable and install whatever you need.


Try:
setxkbmap us

(Replacing us with the keyboard layout you want). If using a variant (e.g. intl), try
setxkbmap -layout us -variant intl

Here's a list of keyboard layouts.


Is there a sample project of an indicator which makes a call to a remote service in 13.10?

I'd suggest a two step process...

1) Install indicator-sysmonitor and then write a shell script to call the remote service and display your data (the indicator will only display though).

2) Any of the indicators listed in What Application Indicators are available? will give you an example of how to write indicators...that's how I learnt.

FWIW, take a look at any of my indicators and use those as an example.  An indicator's menu comprises either static text labels (your display) or clickable menu items (which can trigger actions/scripts).


How do I fix this issue (webcam not working)

Flash is now phased out of chrome.  To fix a USB camera permissions problem (the camera wasn't working in Chrome), I ended up doing this:

sudo chmod g+rw /dev/video0

More detail here:

https://dmaiorino.com/?p=12


12.04 installing lexmark s605 on network

I am new to Ubuntu and hope I can help you since I had the same problem with Lexmark Platinum Pro 905.

I have Ubuntu 12.4.  and this is how I got my printer to work.

I found this page http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=lexmark_linux&num=4, and installed the packages the writer suggested. The Lexmark file is (.deb) and it has to be installed using Debian Package Manager.  Since i could not find Debian Package Manager, I installed instead the QApt Package Installer from Ubuntu Software Center (Go to Ubuntu Software Center and in the search box enter "deb"), then i downloaded the printer file.
This is what i did next:
I selected the file, right clicked on it and selected the option to open with QApt Package Installer.  After the driver was installed i proceeded to add a new printer.  I selected network printer then from the options i selected the one that had "lxhcp".  After that i selected the driver for the printer and printed test page, and other documents without any problems.

Cheers!


Does g++ compiler have graphical user interface?

g++ is strictly only the compiler and so operates solely from the terminal. However, there are many good graphical IDEs that make use of the g++ compiler such as Code::Blocks, Qt Creator, Anjuta, and Eclipse with the CDT plugin.


You should not edit /etc/resolv.conf in Ubuntu.

Ubuntu is using the resolvconf program that generates /etc/resolv.conf when DNS information is changed by DHCP clients, NetworkManager or ifup.

Best bet is to add

dns-nameservers 192.168.3.45 192.168.8.10

to the appropriate stanza in your /etc/network/interfaces.  After making this change you normally have to ifdown and ifup the interface for the information to be pushed to resolvconf and thus to /etc/resolv.conf, but it is possible to push the info without a downup, as described in the following answer which also provides some background information that may help you.

How do I get resolvconf to regenerate resolv.conf after I change /etc/network/interfaces?


A "Debian release" itself isn't one thing, there usually different releases of Debian in the wild.

Debian has a branch called "unstable", or "sid", named after the kid from Toy Story who breaks his toys.

Debian also has a "stable" release, which is released when it's ready. These are usually released in longer intervals.

In between is a release called "testing", with versions of software newer than stable but older than unstable. Eventually "testing" is promoted to a stable release.

Typically during their development cycle, Ubuntu imports source packages from Debian Unstable (sid). At some point we stop automatic imports and instead pull in fixes manually and then release it as Ubuntu every 6 months. During LTS releases where stability is more important, Ubuntu will pull from the testing release instead.

After Ubuntu releases, there's a big sync up back with Debian and the process repeats.

Both Debian Stable and Ubuntu take Debian Unstable -> Testing -> and then make stable releases based off of that. The major difference between the processes is that Ubuntu is time-based, importing and making freezes based on the schedule and goals for that release, whereas Debian cycles at a slower rate and doesn't have a strict "We need to release regularly" goal. Ubuntu will also sometimes take things that are important to its users and package those directly, sometimes submitting those back to Debian if appropriate.  I talk a bit about that here:

What is the difference between upstream and downstream when referring to who to go to as a developer?

A long time ago Debian stable releases could take a really long time, sometimes up to 3 years: so long that by the time it was released some of the software was badly out of date.  The past few releases have been much quicker, running about 1.5-2 years between - about the same interval as Ubuntu LTS releases, but since the schedule isn't the same, the Debian release may have newer software than the most recent Ubuntu LTS release (or vice versa).

Debian and Ubuntu packages are often binary compatible: programs built on one distribution can be copied to the other and will run successfully.  But this relies on having the same libraries available that the package was built against, which is not always the case, either between an Ubuntu release and a Debian release or between two successive releases of the same distribution.  Also, there's a lot more to distribution integration than just having the right libraries, so even if the program in the package has everything it needs to be run, the package could fail to install or run correctly because of any number of differences between the distributions: an Ubuntu package may not be usable on Debian because it requires upstart, for example.

In general, if you think the packaging should be the same between Debian and Ubuntu, it's still easiest to rebuild the binary packages for the exact toolchain of your release.  You can easily import the source package and build it yourself or on in a PPA.

Every once in a while, the Debian and Ubuntu releases line up where we can share things like a GCC, libc6, or python version or whatever. That is of course great for the ecosystem because having things that closely aligned makes things easier for users, packagers, and upstreams. This is why the toolchain discussions at the Ubuntu Developer Summit usually take into account the state of Debian at the time.


Add java-program (Eclipse,JabRef,Maple,...) to favorites on Ubuntu

Create a .desktop-file with the identical WM_CLASS of the opened program:

for JabRef: org.jabref.gui.JabRefMain.desktop
for Maple: java-lang-Thread.desktop
for Eclipse: eclipse.desktop (according to https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/59654/241592 )
for academic MatlabR2020a: MATLAB R2020a - academic use

The WM_CLASS can be found with the command
xprop

for more details check https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/225409/241592 . Use Copy&Paste to avoid spellingmistakes.

Or you can also see name in the left upper corner

or in the Pop-up of the icon in the favourite-list

As suggest on https://askubuntu.com/a/1120331/676490 after creation of the .desktop-file:

go to activities

search the application

Click "Add to Favorites"


you made a mistake by the direction of shell-redirect. Try this:

mysql -u root -p forum < server.sql


Is it possible to create new user profile by using command line for Chrome?

Default google-chrome user profile data stored at ~/.config/google-chrome.
If you want to create new profile then use command:

google-chrome --user-data-dir=test --first-run

It will create new profile data directory test. You can give any name to this directory and any location. It will keep cookies, history and all data relate to this user.
Next time if you want to use this profile then use command:

google-chrome --user-data-dir=test

Or you can make it default browser also.

EDIT : Thank you @snoop for suggest

If you don't want to see default browser pop-up then you can use command:

google-chrome --user-data-dir=test --no-first-run --no-default-browser-check

It is discussed bug here.


Invalid Mutex directory in argument file:${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}

I ran into this once and this worked for me:

source /etc/apache2/envvars
apache2 -V
sudo service apache2 restart

I haven't had the problem since.


Webmin alternative that installs & runs on the client machine & communicate via SSH

In searching for GUI server admin tools, I don't recall seeing anything in the realm of what you are looking for. Webmin and Nagios are the common (free) ones and they require installation on the server.

My experience with Webmin is that it is not resource-hungry, consuming very little in the way of memory or CPU cycles.


Is there a way to run Windows apps on Ubuntu without Wine or Virtual Machines?

There's a commercial solution, Crossover Office, which is focused on major productivity apps. However, since they display the WINE logo, I suspect there's WINE under the hood.


Removing Packages

  To remove installed components, on the IDE menu, click Package > Configure installed packages. The following image shows the Installed Packages tool.

Source


You have two options:

wxmaxima: GUI application for maxima

Install running sudo apt install wxmaxima

xmaxima: X-interface

Install running sudo apt install xmaxima


Lowest brightness setting turns backlights off

I think this is a normal feature, I have it too in Ubuntu 15.04. I actually quite like it: when I need to run something overnight on my laptop, it basically allows me to switch off the screen. Windows doesn't let me do this, I had to keep a large book over my laptop screen or change my power settings when I had to run overnight processes.

That being said, if you don't like it, why don't you just keep your brightness at a higher setting?


Can't find fcitx button on the top of the screen ---Ubuntu17.10

Well, I think it will reappear if you relaunch Fcitx again.

With that said, I have not been able to use Fcitx in a convenient way on GNOME shell. GNOME is designed for IBus, and if you don't have a strong preference for Fcitx, I'd recommend you to use IBus instead.

Otherwise, if Fcitx is important to you, you may want to log in to a Unity session, or maybe try one of the Ubuntu flavors.


Can updates break Ubuntu or damage my hardware?

Updates from the Ubuntu archive are tested before being released as updates, and are not generally just new versions of things, but backported fixes. However, sometimes things may break for some subsets of users, not because of malice, but simply because computers are extremely complex, and they are not all the same.


Why is my network manager so slow to start?

I believe this may be an inadvertent feature of Ubuntu 10.10 by where the loading of the wireless driver is done after the GUI to decrease bootup time. If you'd prefer you can think of it as either everything takes 30 seconds to startup, or the GUI appears in 20 secs and the wireless comes 10 secs afterwards. Hope that helps!


Can't upgrade Ubuntu Gnome 16.04.3 to 17.04

do sudo update-manager -c in order to update from 16.04 to 17.04


Keyboard not working after update 18.04 --> 20.04

A similar issue happened to me. I installed Kubuntu 20.04 on my wife's notebook HP Pavilion x360. The installation was successful but after the update, the keyboard and the touchpad didn't work. Then I've tried with a lot of others distributions (KDE Neon, Manjaro KDE, Mint MATE, Zorin Core...) and the same occurred.
I solved the problem at GRUB choosing the kernel 5.3.0-40 or 5.3.0-42 instead of 5.3.0-45 or 5.3.0-47 but I have to choose it every boot.


Can I install Ubuntu on a new model Mac Pro?

It sounds like it:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MacPro

(Mac Pro - Cylinder), provided Apple has not released anything resembling a toilet brush holder, even more ;-).


Without destroying? You can repair it first. Assuming your flash is /dev/sdb1:

sudo fsck -a /dev/sdb1

If it succeeds, turn it on and off, then delete files.


I'd suspect your application. Is it trying to write STDERR and failing? Does it log anything? How does it buffer its input? (If the answer is "not at all", then the rest of your input arrives while the app isn't listening). What system is the "remote host"?

This works for me:

walt@bat:~(0)$ seq 1 4 >14.txt; ssh localhost <14.txt
Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because stdin is not a terminal.
walt@localhost's password:
Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.15.0-58-generic x86_64)

-bash: line 1: 1: command not found
-bash: line 2: 2: command not found
-bash: line 3: 3: command not found
-bash: line 4: 4: command not found

Perhaps you could use expect, or one of its variants:

walt@bat:~(127)$ apt-cache search expect | grep -w expect
empty-expect - Run processes and applications under pseudo-terminal
expect - Automates interactive applications
expect-lite - quick and easy command line automation tool
libjs-expect.js - behavior driven test assertions - JavaScript library
libnet-scp-expect-perl - Wrapper for scp to send passwords via Expect
libtest-expect-perl - module for automated driving and testing of terminal-based programs
node-expect.js - behavior driven test assertions - Node.js module
tcl-expect - Automates interactive applications (Tcl package)
tcl-expect-dev - Automates interactive applications (development)


Wine installation problem Ubuntu14.04 64bit

I had the same problem on one Ubuntu 14.04 64-bit installation, but not on the other. Actually, there were two problems:

Removal of nvidia-libopencl1 packages

Synaptic wants to remove two nvidia packages when I select wine; this looked strange to me, and I found nvidia-libopencl1-331 has to be removed before installing WINE / referring to https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/wine1.6/+bug/1320217

So, my first step was to remove the packages:

,----[ Synaptic action ]----
| Completely removed the following packages:
| nvidia-libopencl1-352
|
| Removed the following packages:
| nvidia-libopencl1-346
|
| Installed the following packages:
| ocl-icd-libopencl1 (2.1.3-4)
`----

Use aptitude's advance dependency resolution

This was recommended in https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2188107&page=2; I don't understand all the magic, but apparently you can convince aptitude to find a solution that only required the downgrade of a single package (libltdl7 [2.4.2-1.11ubuntu1~trusty1 (now) -> 2.4.2-1.7ubuntu1 (trusty)] in my case), and then wine finally installs just fine!

$ sudo apt-get install aptitude
$ sudo aptitude --full-resolver -f install wine
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  binfmt-support{a} fonts-horai-umefont{a} fonts-unfonts-core{a}
  fonts-wqy-microhei{a} gnome-exe-thumbnailer{a} icoutils{a}
  libasn1-8-heimdal:i386{a} libasound2:i386{a} libasound2-plugins:i386{a}
  libavahi-client3:i386{a} libavahi-common-data:i386{a}
  libavahi-common3:i386{a} libcapi20-3{a} libcapi20-3:i386{a}
  libcgmanager0:i386{a} libcomerr2:i386{a} libcups2:i386{a}
  libdb5.3:i386{a} libdrm-intel1:i386{a} libdrm-nouveau2:i386{a}
  libdrm-radeon1:i386{a} libdrm2:i386{a} libedit2:i386{a} libelf1:i386{a}
  libexif12:i386{a} libgcrypt11:i386{a} libgd3:i386{a} libgif4:i386{a}
  libgl1-mesa-dri-lts-vivid:i386{a} libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-vivid:i386{a}
  libglapi-mesa-lts-vivid:i386{a} libglu1-mesa:i386{a} libgnutls26:i386{a}
  libgpg-error0:i386{a} libgphoto2-6:i386{a} libgphoto2-port10:i386{a}
  libgpm2:i386{a} libgssapi-krb5-2:i386{a} libgssapi3-heimdal:i386{a}
  libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0:i386{a} libgstreamer0.10-0:i386{a}
  libhcrypto4-heimdal:i386{a} libheimbase1-heimdal:i386{a}
  libheimntlm0-heimdal:i386{a} libhx509-5-heimdal:i386{a}
  libieee1284-3:i386{a} libjack-jackd2-0:i386{a} libjbig0:i386{a}
  libjpeg-turbo8:i386{a} libjpeg8:i386{a} libk5crypto3:i386{a}
  libkeyutils1:i386{a} libkrb5-26-heimdal:i386{a} libkrb5-3:i386{a}
  libkrb5support0:i386{a} liblcms2-2:i386{a} libldap-2.4-2:i386{a}
  libllvm3.6:i386{a} libltdl7:i386{ab} liblzma5:i386{a} libmpg123-0:i386{a}
  libncurses5:i386{a} libnih-dbus1:i386{a} libnih1:i386{a}
  libnss-winbind{a} libodbc1{a} libopenal1:i386{a} liborc-0.4-0:i386{a}
  libosmesa6{a} libosmesa6:i386{a} libp11-kit-gnome-keyring:i386{a}
  libp11-kit0:i386{a} libpam-winbind{a} libpciaccess0:i386{a}
  libroken18-heimdal:i386{a} libsamplerate0:i386{a} libsane:i386{a}
  libsasl2-2:i386{a} libsasl2-modules:i386{a} libsasl2-modules-db:i386{a}
  libspeexdsp1:i386{a} libsqlite3-0:i386{a} libssl1.0.0:i386{a}
  libtasn1-6:i386{a} libtiff5:i386{a} libtinfo5:i386{a}
  libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0:i386{a} libudev1:i386{a} libusb-1.0-0:i386{a}
  libv4l-0:i386{a} libv4lconvert0:i386{a} libvpx1:i386{a}
  libwind0-heimdal:i386{a} libxcb-dri2-0:i386{a} libxcb-dri3-0:i386{a}
  libxcb-glx0:i386{a} libxcb-present0:i386{a} libxcb-sync1:i386{a}
  libxcomposite1:i386{a} libxcursor1:i386{a} libxdamage1:i386{a}
  libxinerama1:i386{a} libxml2:i386{a} libxpm4:i386{a} libxrandr2:i386{a}
  libxrender1:i386{a} libxshmfence1:i386{a} libxslt1.1:i386{a}
  libxt6:i386{a} libxxf86vm1:i386{a} ocl-icd-libopencl1:i386{a} odbcinst{a}
  odbcinst1debian2{a} p11-kit-modules:i386{a} p7zip{a} ttf-wqy-microhei{a}
  unixodbc{a} winbind{a} wine wine-gecko2.21{a} wine-gecko2.21:i386{a}
  wine-mono0.0.8{a} wine1.6{a} wine1.6-amd64{a} wine1.6-i386:i386{a}
  winetricks{a}
0 packages upgraded, 126 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 172 MB of archives. After unpacking 570 MB will be used.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libltdl7 : Breaks: libltdl7:i386 (!= 2.4.2-1.11ubuntu1~trusty1) but 2.4.2-1.7ubuntu1 is to be installed.
libltdl7:i386 : Breaks: libltdl7 (!= 2.4.2-1.7ubuntu1) but 2.4.2-1.11ubuntu1~trusty1 is installed.
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

    Keep the following packages at their current version:
1)     libgphoto2-6:i386 [Not Installed]
2)     libgphoto2-port10:i386 [Not Installed]
3)     libltdl7:i386 [Not Installed]
4)     libsane:i386 [Not Installed]
5)     wine [Not Installed]
6)     wine1.6 [Not Installed]
7)     wine1.6-amd64 [Not Installed]
8)     wine1.6-i386:i386 [Not Installed]

    Leave the following dependencies unresolved:
9)     winetricks recommends wine

Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] 6
Action "6": Removing wine1.6

Package: wine1.6
State: not installed; will be installed
Multi-Arch: allowed
Version: 1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4
Priority: optional
Section: universe/otherosfs
Maintainer: Scott Ritchie <scottritchie@ubuntu.com>
Architecture: amd64
Uncompressed Size: 3,103 k
Depends: debconf (>= 0.5) | debconf-2.0, libc6 (>= 2.17), wine1.6-amd64 (=
        1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4), binfmt-support (>= 1.1.2), procps, wine1.6-i386 (=
        1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4)
PreDepends: dpkg (>= 1.15.7.2~)
Recommends: cups-bsd, gnome-exe-thumbnailer | kde-runtime, fonts-droid,
            fonts-liberation, ttf-mscorefonts-installer, fonts-horai-umefont,
            fonts-unfonts-core, ttf-wqy-microhei, winbind, winetricks, xdg-utils
Suggests: dosbox:any
Conflicts: wine1.0, wine1.0, wine1.2, wine1.2, wine1.3, wine1.3, wine1.6
Replaces: wine, wine, wine1.0, wine1.0, wine1.2, wine1.2, wine1.3, wine1.3,
          wine1.4, wine1.4, wine1.5, wine1.5
Provides: wine, wine1.6:any
Description: Microsoft Windows Compatibility Layer (Binary Emulator and Library)
Wine is a compatibility layer for running Windows applications on Linux.
Applications are run at full speed without the need of cpu emulation. Wine does
not require Microsoft Windows, however it can use native system dll files in
place of its own if they are available.

This package includes a program loader for running unmodified Windows
executables as well as the Wine project's free version of the Windows API for
running programs ported from Windows.
Homepage: http://www.winehq.org/

This action was selected because wine1.6 depends upon wine1.6-i386 (=
1:1.6.2-0ubuntu4).

Enter "r 6" to prevent this action from appearing in new solutions.
Enter "a 6" to require that new solutions include this action if possible.

Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] r 6
Rejecting the removal of wine1.6
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

    Keep the following packages at their current version:
1)     libgphoto2-6:i386 [Not Installed]
2)     libgphoto2-port10:i386 [Not Installed]
3)     libltdl7:i386 [Not Installed]
4)     libsane:i386 [Not Installed]
5)     wine [Not Installed]
6) R   wine1.6 [Not Installed]
7)     wine1.6-amd64 [Not Installed]
8)     wine1.6-i386:i386 [Not Installed]

    Leave the following dependencies unresolved:
9)     winetricks recommends wine

Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] n
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

    Downgrade the following packages:
1)     libltdl7 [2.4.2-1.11ubuntu1~trusty1 (now) -> 2.4.2-1.7ubuntu1 (trusty)]

Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] Y
The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:
  libltdl7
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  binfmt-support{a} fonts-horai-umefont{a} fonts-unfonts-core{a}
  fonts-wqy-microhei{a} gnome-exe-thumbnailer{a} icoutils{a}
  libasn1-8-heimdal:i386{a} libasound2:i386{a} libasound2-plugins:i386{a}
  libavahi-client3:i386{a} libavahi-common-data:i386{a}
  libavahi-common3:i386{a} libcapi20-3{a} libcapi20-3:i386{a}
  libcgmanager0:i386{a} libcomerr2:i386{a} libcups2:i386{a}
  libdb5.3:i386{a} libdrm-intel1:i386{a} libdrm-nouveau2:i386{a}
  libdrm-radeon1:i386{a} libdrm2:i386{a} libedit2:i386{a} libelf1:i386{a}
  libexif12:i386{a} libgcrypt11:i386{a} libgd3:i386{a} libgif4:i386{a}
  libgl1-mesa-dri-lts-vivid:i386{a} libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-vivid:i386{a}
  libglapi-mesa-lts-vivid:i386{a} libglu1-mesa:i386{a} libgnutls26:i386{a}
  libgpg-error0:i386{a} libgphoto2-6:i386{a} libgphoto2-port10:i386{a}
  libgpm2:i386{a} libgssapi-krb5-2:i386{a} libgssapi3-heimdal:i386{a}
  libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0:i386{a} libgstreamer0.10-0:i386{a}
  libhcrypto4-heimdal:i386{a} libheimbase1-heimdal:i386{a}
  libheimntlm0-heimdal:i386{a} libhx509-5-heimdal:i386{a}
  libieee1284-3:i386{a} libjack-jackd2-0:i386{a} libjbig0:i386{a}
  libjpeg-turbo8:i386{a} libjpeg8:i386{a} libk5crypto3:i386{a}
  libkeyutils1:i386{a} libkrb5-26-heimdal:i386{a} libkrb5-3:i386{a}
  libkrb5support0:i386{a} liblcms2-2:i386{a} libldap-2.4-2:i386{a}
  libllvm3.6:i386{a} libltdl7:i386{a} liblzma5:i386{a} libmpg123-0:i386{a}
  libncurses5:i386{a} libnih-dbus1:i386{a} libnih1:i386{a}
  libnss-winbind{a} libodbc1{a} libopenal1:i386{a} liborc-0.4-0:i386{a}
  libosmesa6{a} libosmesa6:i386{a} libp11-kit-gnome-keyring:i386{a}
  libp11-kit0:i386{a} libpam-winbind{a} libpciaccess0:i386{a}
  libroken18-heimdal:i386{a} libsamplerate0:i386{a} libsane:i386{a}
  libsasl2-2:i386{a} libsasl2-modules:i386{a} libsasl2-modules-db:i386{a}
  libspeexdsp1:i386{a} libsqlite3-0:i386{a} libssl1.0.0:i386{a}
  libtasn1-6:i386{a} libtiff5:i386{a} libtinfo5:i386{a}
  libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0:i386{a} libudev1:i386{a} libusb-1.0-0:i386{a}
  libv4l-0:i386{a} libv4lconvert0:i386{a} libvpx1:i386{a}
  libwind0-heimdal:i386{a} libxcb-dri2-0:i386{a} libxcb-dri3-0:i386{a}
  libxcb-glx0:i386{a} libxcb-present0:i386{a} libxcb-sync1:i386{a}
  libxcomposite1:i386{a} libxcursor1:i386{a} libxdamage1:i386{a}
  libxinerama1:i386{a} libxml2:i386{a} libxpm4:i386{a} libxrandr2:i386{a}
  libxrender1:i386{a} libxshmfence1:i386{a} libxslt1.1:i386{a}
  libxt6:i386{a} libxxf86vm1:i386{a} ocl-icd-libopencl1:i386{a} odbcinst{a}
  odbcinst1debian2{a} p11-kit-modules:i386{a} p7zip{a} ttf-wqy-microhei{a}
  unixodbc{a} winbind{a} wine wine-gecko2.21{a} wine-gecko2.21:i386{a}
  wine-mono0.0.8{a} wine1.6{a} wine1.6-amd64{a} wine1.6-i386:i386{a}
  winetricks{a}
0 packages upgraded, 126 newly installed, 1 downgraded, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 172 MB of archives. After unpacking 570 MB will be used.

Other things I had tried in vain:

Use a newer (wine 1.8) version from the PPA:

$ sudo -E add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
$ sudo apt-get update

→ Didn't work, remove repository in Synaptic again.

Enabling 32-bit x86 support:

$ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386; sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get remove --purge wine

→ Doesn't help, as it isn't installed yet.

$ sudo apt-get autoremove


How do I pipe the output of find command to ffmpeg as a input

Short answer:

find /mnt/video-archieve -name "file.mov" -exec ffmpeg -i {} \;

or

find /mnt/video-archieve -name "file.mov" -print0 | xargs -0 -I{} ffmpeg -i {}

or

find /mnt/video-archieve -name "file.mov" -print0 | \
    while read -d $'\0' file; do \
        ffmpeg -i "$file"; \
    done

or

find /mnt/video-archieve -name "file.mov" -print0 | \
    while IFS= read -d '' file; do \
        ffmpeg -i "$file"; \
done


Cinnamon install broken in 17.04. Black background, icons not changing

OK, so after much experimentation I found a workaround, and a more permanent solution.
The Workaround
There were multiple issues, with separate solutions.
To solve the issue of the background being dark, I had to switch from the gnome greeter to lightdm:
sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm3

...and then select lightdm.  Now Cinnamon used the background from the greeter, which could be changed with the lightdm GTK+ greeter settings tool.  This is not ideal, but it works.
To change the icon theme, I had to use the gnome tweak tool.  I don't know why, but that correctly changed the icon theme.
As for the default keyboard shortcuts, I had to add them again. Instead of using the built in 'launch terminal' shortcut, I had to make a custom shortcut that ran gnome-terminal. Not ideal, but it works.
The Longer-Term Solution
I still don't know exactly which programs were causing these issues, but I figured that the cleaner the install I could do the better.
I reinstalled, this time with the minimal ubuntu installer. After that, I installed cinnamon, and enabled lightdm, using instructions from this answer.
sudo apt-get install cinnamon-desktop-environment
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target

in /etc/default/grub change the line:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash init=/lib/systemd/systemd"

and finally run
sudo update-grub

This gave me a working cinnamon install on Ubuntu.
To get a nicer and more configurable greeter, I also installed the lightdm GTK+ greeter, and settings tool.
sudo apt-get install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings


There's a good step-by-step description of what to do on the German ubuntuusers forum:
https://forum.ubuntuusers.de/topic/installation-von-samsung-m2070fw-anschluss-via/
Go to the last post of this thread (from "24. August 2019 21:47") and follow the steps described in that post carefully. You might not be able to understand the German, but you will be able to fix your problem.


Ok. Your pc seems to use the broadcom BCM4311 wireless card.
It seems that bcmwl-kernel-source doesn't work well.

Check this link for more info and for detailed procedures:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/Device/Broadcom_BCM4311_Natty_11.04

By the way, its better to always when asking for help, put some details about the hardware of your pc (processor, graphics card, wireless card, ram, etc...). It will help us to give you a correct answer.

regards


Automatically mark files and directories tracked by git in nautilus

This post suggests that RabbitVCS does what you want. I went to their website and indeed the screenshots suggest it adds some icons to git-conrolled directories:


Does Ubiquity support installing via PXE?

The trick is to load a minimal system with NFS-Support. This system can start the graphical installer. This hotwo should help setting this up.

If you like experimenting around with pxe I recommend fog, this has alot of features and will setup part of the installation by itself. It will also allow you to backup partitions over network and load them back.


How to have apache serve nextcloud index when pointing directly to the server url?

I found the issue. The problem is that a non-default site was accidentally enabled (how, I don't know, as I never manually enabled it), that site being an instance of collabora office online (which has yet to actually... work).

To find out which sites were enabled, I had to run: apache2ctl -S
Then, I had to disable the offender: a2dissite office.
Then restart the server: service apache2 restart.

Note: this is a 14.04 server, the last command would be systemctl restart apache2 on 16.04 and up.

Many thanks to muru for pointing me in the right direction.


There is WhatPulse. In theory if you set this program to autostart in your child’s account it will track how much time he spent on specific applications, and also some other things. However, I think your son may simply turn it off if he opens it himself and chooses quit.

If anyone knows of a more elegant solution, please share.


If it's not in man ln, then ln definitely cannot do it.

But this should:

find /path/to/dir -type l -exec sh -c 'cp --remove-destination "$(readlink "{}")" "{}"' \;

The quotes are to take care of file names with spaces in them.

The -exec calling into sh is to evaluate $(readlink ...) for each file.


You will have to create a customized session at /usr/share/xsessions and Enable Auto-Login.

Example:

1) Open a file (gksu gedit /usr/share/xsessions/Firefox.desktop) and paste:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Firefox (No effects)
Comment=This session only opens Firefox
Exec=/usr/bin/firefox -height 1200 -width 1600
Icon=
Type=Application

References: 1, 2.


BCM4311 Wireless Not Working with Drivers Installed

Please hook up the ethernet temporarily and do:

sudo apt-get remove --purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install linux-firmware-nonfree
sudo modprobe b43

Is it working now?


Why can I create Users with the same UID?

There are actually valid reasons for this. For instance, I used to work in a lab where we each had our own computer but our $HOME was in a shared drive exported by a server. So, my $HOME was

/users/terdon

Since the /users folder was actually not on my local machine but exported over NFS, for any analysis that was heavy on I/O, I would use data stored on my local hard drives so as not to burden the lab's network. To that end I, and everybody else, had two users: one that was system-wide and one that was local to the machine in question. The local user's home was

/home/localuser

However, I needed to have full access to my files whether I was logged in as terdon or as localuser and the way our sysadmin had implemented that was by giving both localuser and terdon the same UID. That way, I could freely manipulate my local files irrespective of which user I was currently logged in as.


I just ran cat /dev/zero and now cat is hanging

/dev/zero returns infinitely 0-bytes. The process will never end.

You need to identify the cat process and kill it with for example pkill:

pkill -f 'cat /dev/zero'


Bulk image download from piwigo-based web gallery

You can use wget as shown here:

  Downloading an Entire Web Site with wget

  Sep 05, 2008  By Dashamir Hoxha  in HOW-TOs

  If you ever need to download an entire Web site, perhaps for off-line
  viewing, wget can do the job—for example:

$ wget \
     --recursive \
     --no-clobber \
     --page-requisites \
     --html-extension \
     --convert-links \
     --restrict-file-names=windows \
     --domains website.org \
     --no-parent \
         www.website.org/tutorials/html/

  This command downloads the Web site
  http://www.website.org/tutorials/html/.

  The options are:

  --recursive: download the entire Web site.
  --domains website.org: don't follow links outside website.org.
  --no-parent: don't follow links outside the directory tutorials/html/.
  --page-requisites: get all the elements that compose the page (images, CSS and so on).
  --html-extension: save files with the .html extension.
  --convert-links: convert links so that they work locally, off-line.
  --restrict-file-names=windows: modify filenames so that they will work in Windows as well.
  --no-clobber: don't overwrite any existing files (used in case the download is interrupted and resumed).

Out of these --page-requisites & --recursive will likely be needed, though --convert-links or --no-clobber may be useful. For more information on using wget run man wget (or look here).


Where can I see the files installed by a package through terminal

You can simply use:

whereis <packagename>

and that should show you a path to the package.
If you want to have it on the desktop you can just create a link to the executable file, make a script running that file or use the linux implemented "add to desktop" function.


All settings and app settings are stored in /home/ folder.
If you don't format the disk everything will remain there.
If you format the disk,
Copy /home folder in a external usb and after installing ubuntu paste /home into /home.
As for the apps and executables, you better

sudo apt install <app name>

them. Otherwise if you copy paste them to restore them too, you might break something again.


Search and encrpyt single file in gpg encrypted folder

Both your examples use -c, decryption uses -d,  and probably need --xz for tar but that would mix formats & wouldn't work, but I'll assume they're just typos and you've got them working, but anyway...

You'll have to wait until gpg & tar go through the whole archive until hitting your target file, it could be near the start or end so may get lucky. Tar & gpg behave kind of like they're going through a tape archive, but instead of using grep you can see the files decrypted "live" by just outputting the file list to stdout.

Try getting a terminal on the local machine to speed things up, if the network is the bottleneck.


Get calendar to snap to one screen, rather than overlaying in the middle

I've solved this by right-clicking the tray bar and going to panel settings and in there making the width 100% instead of a set width of the first monitor's resolution. This has the downside of extending the tray bar across both desktops instead of one, and as such is only really a stop-gap solution.


Weird keyboard issues after upgrading to 20.10: Del key doesn’t work and layout reverts to QWERTY

It seemed to be two separate issues after all.

The issue with del ceased after I removed .cache and some other dot files of programs I don’t use anymore. It could be also something different.

Afterwards, I fixed the issue of the keyboard layout reverting by ibus-setup → Advanced → Use system keyboard layout, which was unchecked for some reason.


Insert the CD or DVD that you want to make an ISO image of, and open a terminal window.  To do that, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo cat /dev/srx > /home/<user_name>/<file_name.iso>

Make sure that you replace (x) with your device number.

for example in my case I would do:

sudo cat /dev/sr0 > /home/mitch/example.iso


How can I find out the supported webcam resolutions?

If you have video4linux installed try this:
v4l2-ctl -d /dev/video0 --list-formats-ext

Specify your camera device with -d argument, however it can be ommited if you are convinced that there's only one video device connected.
You should get something like:
    ioctl: VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT
    Type: Video Capture

    [0]: 'JPEG' (JFIF JPEG, compressed)
            Size: Discrete 320x240
            Size: Discrete 640x480

Source : How can I list the available video modes for a USB webcam in Linux?


Need help after accidentally deleting partition!

The data on an already overwritten partition is almost definitely lost. You can try data restoring software or a specialized service but the chance you ever get all the original data intact is low. (Note that there is no accepted answer to the possible duplicate questions found by karel.)

  Should I uninstall the windows and then try to get files from the partition back that had Ubuntu installed?

You should avoid any write operations on the partition. There is nothing like uninstalling an OS, you would normally just overwrite it. However, this involves additional writes, so don’t proceed if you ever want to restore your data.

There is a much more reliable way to restore lost data, so I must ask you…
Do you have any backup of your data?

  There are two groups of people: Those who backup and those who haven’t lost any data yet.

According to my experience, a self-experienced data loss is really the strongest argument for starting to backup. If you haven’t been a member of the first group yet, I hope to welcome you there very soon.


How do I move window buttons( close,maximise,minimise) to the right in latest Ubuntu?

From Ubuntu 14.04 onwards, you can't change the position of the minimise, maximise and close buttons in Unity. It has been hardcoded. Please refer to this bug report. Your best bet would be to use a different desktop manager. I would recommend cinnamon


Screen turns black after pressing volume button

Answered by OP in comments

An installed program called Jupiter was the problem. I uninstalled it and I no longer get the black screen when I use the volume buttons.


There was an issue with the core snap that caused classic snaps (like conjure-up) to fail when a new core snap is installed. This has since been fixed and available by running:

sudo snap refresh core --stable

You can read more about the issue here: https://forum.snapcraft.io/t/snapd-2-26-9-and-conjure-up-no-longer-work/1348


Install Ubuntu on a second disk while booted into ubuntu from a first disk

Instructions from the Ubuntu Wiki

Assuming that /dev/sdb is the target disk of the new installation

Overall:

sudo apt get install debootstrap
sudo fdisk /dev/sdb or use gparted or another partition editor to create a primary partition with an ext4 file system on it
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
sudo mkdir /mnt/installer
sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/installer
sudo debootstrap bionic /mnt/installer
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/installer/dev
sudo mount --bind /dev/pts /mnt/installer/dev/pts
sudo mount -t proc proc /mnt/installer/proc
sudo mount -t sysfs sys /mnt/installer/sys
sudo chroot /mnt/installer
You are no chrooted and need to stay in this terminal
If you have a language preference see the Wiki article to set that now
dpkg-reconfigure -f non-interactive tzdata
apt-get update
apt-get install language-pack-en-base
apt-get upgrade
apt-get install mdadm lvm2
apt-get install grub-pc linux-image
adduser <username>
gpasswd -a <username> sudo
passwd (set a root password)
echo "/dev/sda1 / ext4  errors=remount-ro 0 1" >> /etc/fstab
apt-get install ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-standard
exit
You are no longer chrooted
sudo update-grub


From the manual pages of iptables(8):
iptables:

Iptables and ip6tables are used to set up, maintain,  and  inspect  the tables  of IPv4 and IPv6 packet filter rules in the Linux kernel. Several different tables may be defined.  Each table contains a number  of built-in chains and may also contain user-defined chains.

-t nat:

Iptables and ip6tables are used to set up, maintain,  and  inspect  the tables  of IPv4 and IPv6 packet filter rules in the Linux kernel.  Several different tables may be defined.  Each table contains a number  of built-in chains and may also contain user-defined chains.
This table is consulted when a packet  that  creates  a  new connection  is encountered.  It consists of three built-ins: PREROUTING (for altering packets as soon as they  come  in), OUTPUT  (for altering locally-generated packets before routing), and POSTROUTING (for  altering  packets  as  they  are about  to go out).  IPv6 NAT support is available since kernel 3.7.

-A POSTROUTING:

Append one or more rules to the end of the selected chain.  When the source and/or destination names resolve  to  more  than  one address, a rule will be added for each possible address combination.

-o eth0: (eth0 is:)

Name of an interface via which a packet is going to be sent (for packets entering the FORWARD, OUTPUT  and  POSTROUTING  chains). When  the  "!"  argument  is used before the interface name, the sense is inverted.  If the interface name ends in  a  "+",  then any  interface  which begins with this name will match.  If this option is omitted, any interface name will match.

-j MASQUERADE:

This specifies the target of the rule; i.e., what to do  if  the packet  matches  it.   The  target  can  be a user-defined chain (other than the one this rule is in), one of the special builtin targets  which  decide the fate of the packet immediately, or an extension (see EXTENSIONS below).  If this option is omitted  in a rule (and -g is not used), then matching the rule will have no effect on the packet's fate, but the counters on the  rule  will be incremented.


ERR_NAME_NOT_RESOLVED when create virtual host for wordpress website

First of all you must register dpacam.live. It is not registered yet! After that, you must connect [redirect] the domain (dpacam.live) with [to] your static IP address. You can do that through the administrative panel of your DNS provider. About next steps please check my answer here.

Edit: I remember that I have two comments related to the current question:

https://askubuntu.com/a/824178/566421
https://askubuntu.com/a/811416/566421


Say the personal folders are in /external/nfs/server/share, so that user alexp has their own folder /external/nfs/server/share/alexp, owned by them with mode bits 0750 (rwxr-x---).

Make the parent folder /external/nfs/server/share to be owned by some administrative account and group, with mode bits 0751 (rwxr-x--x). In this way, students can traverse the directory to get to their personal home on the network, but cannot list its contents. See "Execute vs Read bit. How do directory permissions in Linux work?" on Unix & Linux SE.


Manage Keyboard backlight on dual boot system

Keyboard backlight
Any vendor
From Arch Linux wiki: You can control your computer keyboard backlight via the D-Bus interface. The benefits of using it are that no modification to device files is required and it is vendor agnostic.
Here is an example implementation in Python 3. Place the following script in  /usr/local/bin/ and make it executable. You can then map your keyboard shortcuts to run /usr/local/bin/kb-light.py + and /usr/local/bin/kb-light.py - to increase and decrease your keyboard backlight level.
Here is python code for /usr/local/bin/kb-light.py:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from sys import argv
import dbus

def kb_light_set(delta):
    bus = dbus.SystemBus()
    kbd_backlight_proxy = bus.get_object('org.freedesktop.UPower', '/org/freedesktop/UPower/KbdBacklight')
    kbd_backlight = dbus.Interface(kbd_backlight_proxy, 'org.freedesktop.UPower.KbdBacklight')

    current = kbd_backlight.GetBrightness()
    maximum = kbd_backlight.GetMaxBrightness()
    new = max(0, current + delta)

    if new >= 0 and new <= maximum:
        current = new
        kbd_backlight.SetBrightness(current)

    # Return current backlight level percentage
    return 100 * current / maximum

if __name__ == '__main__':
    if len(argv[1:]) == 1:
        if argv[1] == "--up" or argv[1] == "+":
            # ./kb-light.py (+|--up) to increment
            print(kb_light_set(1))
        elif argv[1] == "--down" or argv[1] == "-":
            # ./kb-light.py (-|--down) to decrement
            print(kb_light_set(-1))
        else:
            print("Unknown argument:", argv[1])
    else:
        print("Script takes exactly one argument.", len(argv[1:]), "arguments provided.")


How can I run ubuntu running of a live USB and get it to keep all my data and not be really slow

If you already have Ubuntu installed on your pc, you can use the Startup Disk Creator that is already preinstalled. It has the option to store documents and settings in a reserved space, of which you can define the size. It won't be as fast as a normal install when using USB2 (I'm not sure about USB3), but it will be fast enough once Ubuntu has been loaded into your RAM, for me at least.


I can confirm it's in a default installation, see the /usr/share/base-passwd/passwd.master file provided by the base-passwd package.

According to the documentation from that package, it is used for backup accounts without requiring full root permissions (which is available at /usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.txt.gz, /usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html and online):

  backup

  Presumably so backup/restore responsibilities can be locally delegated to
     someone without full root permissions?

  HELP: Is that right? Amanda reportedly uses this, details?

Note the keyword locally, for remote backups you have to enable a login shell first. You are free to use it for your own purposes, but note the above guide lines. Do not grant sudo policies for example that would allow the backup user to escalate its privileges to root.


you can download google chrome by running this command in the terminal

sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable

or you can download it directly via software centre or try out this link to download it
from here


History is a feature of the shell, not of the terminal.
If you are using the bash shell, then the default $HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth means that commands preceded by whitespace will not be written to history. So if instead of
$ ssh you@host

you wrote
$   ssh you@host

it likely would not be recorded. More generally, you could use the HISTIGNORE variable to ignore commands based on pattern matching ex. HISTIGNORE='ssh *' or even (to ignore all commands) HISTIGNORE='*'. You can unset HISTIGNORE when you're done.


XBMC has a function for scraping websites for metadata. This data is found at places like CDDB, freedb, Discogs, etc.

More information can be found on wiki:
XBMC wikipedia

If you want to look further into contributing to these listings, then you might want to look at contributing to freedb. More info can be found here: http://www.freedb.org/en/about_freedborg.2.html


How to upgrade GTK 3.10 to GTK 3.14 on Ubuntu 14.04?

You'll probably need install a version of a Ubuntu that supports 3.14 then (i.e. 15.04).

Alternately, you could work your way through redoing versions of the relevant packages from source so they don't break 14.04 (probably very difficult), or redo the theme to work better with older versions

Also, installing Gnome/gtk 3.14 in 14.10 (and probably 3.12 in 14.04) with the available GNOME PPAs [1] [2] breaks Unity, so probably would make a bigger mess trying to install the available 3.14 packages in 14.04.


Please use this command instead of the power button:

sudo shutdown -h now

It is not a solution but it might save your computer and data until you solve the problem.


what is the meaning of FOUND in grep FOUND

Usually, grep is used to display only strings containing a specified keyword, instead of displaying the entire output of a file or command in the terminal.

From my understanding, sudo clamscan -v -r /folder/to/scan/ | grep FOUND >> /path/to/save/report/file.txt will read the scan file of ClamAV (it needs to specified), find any line in it that contains the word "FOUND" and will copy these lines into a new file (that you specify).

It's not so much an argument as the thing you are asking grep to find in the specified file.


14.04 Resetting Ubuntu startup settings?

You don't need to worry that's normal grub loader interface, as far as for your login screen flash it is because Ubuntu machine is loading and reading files and blinks like flash, during that flash you sometimes see some commands running in background and same happens during shutdown.
In the sum of all you don't worry that's all normal.


Ubuntu is not working/booting when I switch on my laptop

It's difficult to tell exactly what went wrong, but there are a few options that can be attempted to fix the issue, here are 2 easy options:

Boot up from USB and try to re-install ubuntu 16.04 (upgrade option section)
Boot up from USB and try to fix GRUB (bootup repair section)

Upgrade Option

Boot up to the Ubuntu USB
Click "Install Ubuntu"
Select "Upgrade Ubuntu" option from the options given
Click "Install Now"

Bootup Repair

Boot up to the Ubuntu USB
Click "Try Ubuntu"
Run the following commands to install boot-repair:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt update
sudo apt install boot-repair -y
boot-repair

With the last command, boot-repair will start scanning for problems and will eventually pop up a dialog
Click "Recommended repair"
Follow any instructions given
When done, reboot


Moving a partition to the end of disk using gparted

Run gparted from ubuntu usb, or other disk(if you have it)

Make backup of important files
Move OEM partition to the end, then you'll have unallocated space on
right of C: partition
Make C: partition larger, using that unallocated space


Can't remove GNU Grub after deleting partition (Not GrubRescue!)

To fix this, I simply used a different USB, then the installation process was successful and Grub terminal was gone.


How to delete multiple process id of a single process?

killall <processname>

killall allows killing all processes by name or even regexes (-r) and a few other options for matching the correct group of processes. SIGTERM options are available (killall -9 name).


startup disk creator error "unable to mount blank DVD-R Disc location is already mounted"

This is a known bug. But there is a workaround.

When the autorun window comes up with the error 'unable to mount blank DVD-R Disc location is already mounted' just ignore/cancel the error and choose Brasero in 'Ask what to do?' dialogue.

Then in Brasero;

Project > Open
Open the image to burn.
Burn. DVD-R would then burn fine.


How to build gnome-shell on Ubuntu 18.04?

Solution:

sudo apt-get install apt-file

Explanation:

Even if your problem seems similar to this one:

Whats the proper way to install Jhbuild?

your error is  Nothing available to install while his error was Nothing to install.

The error can be found here in the sourcecode of jhbuild:

https://github.com/GNOME/jhbuild/blob/8c6f2c115efdcd075570a03d64cb861b7d1aca33/jhbuild/utils/systeminstall.py#L314

The requirement is given here:

https://developer.gnome.org/jhbuild/stable/command-reference.html.en#command-reference-sysdeps

  For distributions using APT such as Debian and Ubuntu, this option [--install] requires apt-file to be installed.


Installed app not showing up in top bar after reboot

Lets summerize your question.

Install a app.
You wants your application starts automatically. In this case, ScreenCloud.

Read this if i understand it right.--> How do I manage applications on startup in GNOME 3?

You just start ScreenCloud automatically then ScreenCloud tray icon will be appears exactly where you wants.


Ubuntu 10.04 Live CD ok but HDD boot is not

Question answered by OP:

  Hi, I download the network driver manualy and upgraded the kernel. All went ok.


You probably remove the file named by $Filetmp too soon. The rm command is inside the inner loop:

        rm -f $Filetmp
    done
done

Due to this, the file is removed after the first iteration through the inner loop (i.e. when $i = 0). Subsequent iterations ($i > 0) will not find the file. No error is reported because you call grep with option -s, but the resulting counts are obviously zero.

The rm command should be outside the inner loop:

    done
    rm -f $Filetmp
done


You already have setgid on the directory, so anything created in it inherits the group ownership. Since Linux ignores setuid on directories, set the umask for the user to make new files group-writable:

umask 0002


How can I set a certain keycode to a key and bind it to the right action?

Switch to a virtual console (CTRL+ALT+F1) and run

showkey -s

This will print out the scancodes of the keys, so just press those left and right CTRL keys and see whether they have the same scancodes. After you verified that, wait 10 seconds and don't press any key, so the showkey program can return. Then switch back to X (ALT+F7).

If the scancodes were different, then there is hope that those keys can be remapped differently (because the kernel sees them different), if the scancodes are the same, then there is no way for a different remapping.


How do I repair rEFIt after Ubuntu installation?

I fixed the problem by starting OS X from the installation DVD and setting the startup disk (in the Utilities menu) to the Mac OS X partition. After a restart I reinstalled rEFIt from OS X (two restarts are required to make rEFIt show up).


Errors on Xfce startup, update-notifier-crash

I removed and reinstalled update-notifier-common instead of update-notifier. That managed to solve the problem for me.


You can check using dmesg, it will print a different message ( I do not have a 3g modem handy to show you, but just run dmesg -w , plug the modem and see what was printed when you plugged it, if it speak of cdrom or sda, sdb, etc, then this is seen as a cdrom )

And usb_modeswitch is the tool used by most Linux system to switch the modem from one mode to the other. If it doesn't switch automatically, it may be worth reporting a bug to add the support ( usually, just the ID of the modem ).


Application icons not showing in window buttons item in xfce panel

I was facing the same issue while using the Obsidian App via AppImage. Below are my Desktop entry based on the actual AppImage location:
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=Obsidian
Exec=/opt/obsidian/obsidian.AppImage
Icon=obsidian
StartupWMClass=obsidian
Terminal=false

/opt
  |
  |----/obsidian
         |
         |--- obsidian.AppImage
         |--- obsidian.png

I was still facing the issue related to missing icons in both xfce-panel and the application switcher. After coming across this post, I added the icon (the same one which is present in /opt/obsidian/ inside the apps folder of my icon theme as shown below:
.icons/Os-Catalina-icons-master/128x128/apps/obsidian.png
.icons/Os-Catalina-icons-master/22x22/apps/obsidian.png
.icons/Os-Catalina-icons-master/64x64/apps/obsidian.png

Followed by a restart, solved the issue.


-- Found PythonLibs: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.6m.so (Required is exact version "3.6.3")

OK. I have made it work....

After re_reading that readme I saw that I wasn't putting "PA in DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE

I'm not sure why it works if do that but, executing cmake in this way:

cmake -DINTERFACE_PYTHON=ON BUILD_META_EXAMPLES=ON -DENABLE_TESTING=ON -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DBUILD_DASHBOARD_REPORTS=ON DPYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/include/python3.6m -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE:FILEPATH=/usr/bin/python3.6 -DPYTHON_PACKAGES_PATH=/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages ..

I finally got it working.


I believe this is to be expected.

When you boot there is a rule numbered 32766, as follows:

 32766: from all lookup main

main is the route table normally set up, so unless you have made special preparations you need it. When you enter the ip rule flush command it is deleted.

You can add this rule again after flushing by executing:

 sudo ip rule add from all lookup main pref 32766

I tried this out and, like you, when I did the flush I lost connectivity, and when I re-added it I regained it.

This is the normal set of rules on my 12.04 Ubuntu system:

 0: from all lookup local
 32766: from all lookup main
 32767: from all lookup default

Similarly you could also:

ip rule add from all lookup default pref 32767

So the script should be something like this:

ip rule flush

ip rule add from all lookup main pref 32766

ip rule add from all lookup default pref 32767


For launching games on Steam via command line, Steam used a URI-scheme for installing or launching games. You need to find out the 'appid' (application ID) for the game you are trying to launch (for example DOTA2 is 570) and execute a steam steam://run/[appid] command. (for example, using DOTA2, steam steam://run/570)


Cannot save files even though logged on as Administrator account

Open a terminal (ctrl+alt+t) and navigate to your home directory's desktop folder by typing cd ~/Desktop there do:

sudo chmod -R 744 dl4j-0.4-examples
sudo chown -R <your-user-name>:<your-user-group> dl4j-0.4-examples

Your user-group is usually the same as your user-name. This should set the permissions right for you. Note: you will be prompted for your password this is necessary to run a command as superuser (root).

You can as well do this by editing the directories properties in nautilus just start it from a terminal with:

gksudo nautilus

If your system complains about gksudo not found you might want to install the gksu package first to make this work by:

sudo apt-get install gksu

The same can be achieved by typing:

pkexc nautilus


With many types of encryption there is always a key, sometimes two keys. Those keys are usually stored in the partitions sector, or some support sector that the partition sector knows about. When you deleted the partition you may have deleted any keying and password data that is used to decrypt the data. If that has happened then your data is gone.

Now, did you encrypt your entire root partition? If you did how long did it take? When you deleted the partition how long did that take?

Unless there is some kind of master key that will decrypt the data no matter what then the encrypted data is probably gone.


No wifi, network discovery, or recognised wireless interface after hybernation on 14.04

I've had the same issue on several units.  Mainly newer laptops and desktop PCs.  Here is how I solved it:

Network disabled on some wake-ups on saucy laptop

Create a small script that wakes the network manager up.


In ubuntu server, clear console when returning from application

The Ubuntu Desktop is running a terminal emulator within the graphical display. Whereas, the server runs a virtual terminal in a console session. They both have different behaviours.

You will need to look in to the terminfo settings and possibly this previous post at superuser might help.

https://superuser.com/questions/136162/how-can-i-still-see-the-man-text-after-i-quit-man/136205#136205


My Games folder has been turned into a program file and is no longer a directory

Check the file system on your external drive...

Start gparted and determine the partition number of the EXT4/NTFS partition that contains the games folder. I'll guess that it's /dev/sdb1. Right-click on that partition and select unmount.
Start terminal and type:

fsck -f /dev/sdbX (replacing X with the number found above)

Update #1:

You'll want to install testdisk on your main Ubuntu system disk. This is made up of testdisk and photorec which may help recovering your partition/files. In terminal type man testdisk and man photorec for some details. See the following website for details about testdisk...

http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/TestDisk_Step_By_Step


"Play All" option in Ubuntu that's similar to Windows 7?

rhythmbox-folderview Will help you to play all the music that are in a particular folder.

But the problem is it only applicable to the files that can be played on rhythmbox player.

To install this plugin:(Ubuntu 9.10, 10.04 and 10.10)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:zedtux/rhythmbox-folderview
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rhythmbox-plugin-folderview

To install this the for latest version of Ubuntu you can download the source and install

More info about this plugin can be found here


Can I recover my previous media after factory reset?

No.

You've just wiped out everything. Permanently.

Sorry mate.


Are apt packages in main and universe ALWAYS guaranteed to be built from source by Ubuntu or Debian mantainers?

Packages in main and universe are built in the launchpad build farm, from source. You don't need to ask for verification of this as you can find it yourself.
For example, at the time of writing the most recent build of bind uploaded to Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal) is 1:9.16.1-0ubuntu2.5. You can see this via the focal-changes public mailing list. Specifically this post which links to launchpad where you can see the source files and builds, and build logs for every supported architecture. For example the amd64 build for that version of that package is found here with the build log here.
You can repeat this process for every package in every release of Ubuntu.
While I mentioned main and universe, the same is true of restricted and multiverse packages, which are also built on launchpad. However they may contain non-free components, so aren't guaranteed to be built "from source", but there is a source package for each, even if it contains some binary components.


Start Vagrant box on boot with ~/.profile (Budgie 17.04)

It looks like you want to run these commands in a sub-shell to not affect the working directory of the shell running the .profile script.

You can use the -c option to run a shell with commands given on the command line:

bash -c 'cd ~/Develop/Websites/scotch && exec vagrant up'

However, it would be simpler to use the sub-shell feature of the current shell instead:

( cd ~/Develop/Websites/scotch && exec vagrant up )


Problem with Nvidia driver 331.20 on ubuntu 13.10 (64bit)

The source of the problem probably starts with installing the 331 driver from the .run file provided by NVIDIA.

Here are the steps that worked for me and resolved both this and the low-graphics mode problem that subsequently came up.

Remove Nvidia proprietary drivers:

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia*

Add xorg edgers PPA for NVIDIA drivers and install nvidia-331:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-331

Remove/purge bumblebee and reboot:

sudo apt-get --purge remove bumblebee
sudo reboot

The following helped:

After apt-get upgrade system always boot to low-graphics mode
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2197861


Actually, the "non-live" server image is still available for ubuntu 20.04. It's now being called "legacy server image" and you can find it here. How did I find it? Well, it's listed in the release note for focal


How to open a remote python program from terminal by ssh?

The problem is that the SSH connection is not forwarding X11 commands over the connection.

If the machine you are using to connect is running Linux (or another OS with X) then simply pass the -X param when invoking SSH.

If you are connecting with Microsoft Windows, you will need a program that can translate X11 commands into Windows API commands. Try looking at XMing or cygwin.


Software and USB partition format for creating a bootable USB with Ubuntu on it, on a Mac?

I successfully made a bootable USB for Ubuntu 16.04 desktop, from my 2011 iMac, using UNetbootin.
The Mac installer link is on that main page. Note that if you want to use it to install onto a Mac, there are further hoops to jump through. This howtogeek article should help.


How do I change my update server in Ubuntu 18.04?

Open the terminal and type software-properties-gtk
. From the opened window, open the drop down menu in front of Download from: and select main server


You can run the following command in a terminal to install libxm4

sudo apt-get install libxm4


Delete Small Folders Under 50 MB With Spaces in Name

Here is a simple Bash script that uses the command du to get the directory size:

#!/bin/bash

TARGET_DIR="/test"

# For each sub dir in $TARGET_DIR
for dir in "$TARGET_DIR"/*/
do
    # If the result of the command substitution $(...) is lower or equal to 50000
    if [[ $(du -s "$dir" | awk '{print $1}') -le 50000 ]]
    then
        # Do (remove `echo' to apply the action):
        echo rm -rf "$dir"
    fi
done

What the command substitution does is:

du -s - display only a total for each argument.
| - pipe the output of the previous to stdin of the next command
awk '{print $1}' - will output only the first field

Alternatively you can use arithmetical expression:

if (( "$(du -s "$dir" | awk '{print $1}')" <= 50000 )); then rm -rf "$dir"; fi

You can play also with the du options: for example add -m (source) and modify the condition:

if (( "$(du -sm "$dir" | awk '{print $1}')" <= 50 )); then rm -rf "$dir"; fi

The previous version of the answer: https://askubuntu.com/revisions/1073858/2