File sync iphone4 (ios5) auto camera-upload doesn't work

Well today, 22 days after  u1 files installation was installed it finally started syncing.

U1 files seems to sync when app is in foreground.

I am still running ios 5.0.1.


How to make ubuntu auto-mount my encrypted home again?

So, the problem turned out being that I had accidentally revoked read permissions on the wrapped-passphrase file.


Have you enabled Apache's SSL module?  If not, running the following commands should do the trick:

sudo a2enmod ssl
sudo service apache2 restart

If mod_ssl is not loaded, then Apache won't listen on port 443 by default or SSL connections.


Do Wine Viruses only work while Wine is running?

Yes, if it is a trojan, rootkit, worm program specifically designed to infect Windows machine.
(Viruses through wine has already happened.)

could I stop a virus from doing it's thing by just quitting Wine?

Yes, and no.
Yes
If It's a Windows virus, kill the Windows Environment(wine), and it won't have a leg to stand on. The Virus is still installed, but its not doing any harm. If you remove wine - to the best of my knowledge - it just removes its binaries. Reinstalling wine later, will show that the applications are still installed.
Removing the ~/.wine folder completely, however, will give some sense of safety. Mind you that if it did not copy it self somewhere else then the ~/.wine folder. In which case, you have a Windows binary somewhere, that possibly can cause harm to your system.
No
If the virus is targeting Linux with Wine environment. Although the chance for you specifically to catch this rare virus is pretty slim, I would still urge you to read an article by the Wine community on how to Secure wine.
How rare the virus may be, its still advised to secure Wine as much as possible. Especially if your on a business side of things.

My preferred graphical front-end for Wine is PlayOnLinux, with that you have more control over your Wine environment, and there is a separate environment per application. So, if you happened to get infected by using Safari, use the Configuration options to examine and/or restore, or just delete the entire Safari Volume.

Excerpt image from here: PlayOnLinux Explained:  Wine Configuration | GamersOnLinux

Note:
It's a small chance, but, even after securing wine, you still might get infected by a virus or even viruses specifically designed to hack/infect Linux through wine. Just for security reasons, I have installed Malwarebytes, and SuperAntiSpyware. Also note that the custom explorer.exe - or other wine software - created by the wine team, might be considered as malicious by the aforementioned security software.
IMHO: PlayOnLinux is a safer alternative, because you have more control over wine, with the Configuration tools. Whilst installing only wine, installs a Windows environment in your Linux system without any way of monitoring it.
PlayOnLinux doesn't need wine pre-installed. It creates a Wine Prefix(a separate working environment) with wine. Then it will install the software in the separate Wine Prefix. Meaning, the software cannot access other environments. Thus making it harder to infect other parts of Windows software installed in a different Wine Prefix.
Further reading:

[Security Feature]: Run Playonlinux/Wine as isolated user. - The forum - PlayOnLinux

Another report of malware running on Wine

SecuringWine - The Official Wine Wiki


For systemd based versions of Ubuntu (15.04 onwards) you'll need to use the journalctl command to view the current boot log messages (as mentioned in this answer, and here for more info on how to enable them for previous boots):

journalctl -b


/usr/bin/dpkg: 1: /usr/bin/dpkg: Syntax error: word unexpected (expecting ")")

Okay 32-bit.

mkdir $HOME/dpkg

enter this directory

cd $HOME/dpkg

then download dpkg with wget.

wget -c http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/d/dpkg/dpkg_1.19.0.5ubuntu2_i386.deb

uncompress the deb package.

ar x dpkg_1.19.0.5ubuntu2_i386.deb

then we extract the datas.

tar xf data.tar.xz

then substitute the wrong dpkg.

sudo cp ./usr/bin/dpkg /usr/bin/dpkg

then try

sudo apt-get clean && sudo dpkg --configure -a

when dpkg is working again.

dpkg --print-foreign-architectures

If you get an output,

remove foreign-architectures

but you have to adapt it to your situation.
you have to change the part i386 to the one you get from output.
I hope the last part is understandable.

If you are unsure show the output from last command.


How to uninstall OS from dual boot system?

Download GParted

  sudo apt-get install gparted

From your Ubuntu delete or format the partitions on which your particular Windows is installed. (Every disk is shown by a letter. You have sda, sdb and sdc.)
After removing your Windows from the disks update your Grub

  sudo update-grub

That is it!


In my case it worked with the command line tool "abcde".

If your system starts an application (banshee) automatically if an audio cd is inserted, then you need to wait until this application opens. In my case this needs some minutes. Then close the application, this will release the dbus lock on the device. After that "abcde" can read the CD.

Metadata (singer, title, ...) are added by the tool. Works nice, I am happy.


"Weird sound signature" on integrated speakers

Yes, there is software called PulseAudio Equalizer.

PulseAudio Equalizer has an integrated 10-band equalizer system and provides an effective workaround for Audiowizard for Ubuntu.
To install press Ctrl+Alt+T and type:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pulseaudio-equalizer

I recommend you to select Headphones preset.

For more Info, check this.


How to upgrade ubuntu 16.04 LTS to 18.04 LTS

Step 1: Upgrade the packages to the latest version for 16.04 decreases the chance of something going wrong during the upgrade to version 18.04. Run the command below

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

Step 2:  Install the Ubuntu Update Manager.

sudo apt install update-manager-core

Step 3: Upgrade Ubuntu

sudo do-release-upgrade

After you enter the upgrade command, you will be asked to confirm that you want to update via SSH. Type Y to continue.

Step 4: After the upgrade is complete, a restart will be required.

Step 5:To check what version of Ubuntu is currently installed, use the command below.

lsb_release -a

Edit:

You will have to remove the PPA which were added to the system

Step 1: List the PPAs

find /etc/apt/sources.list.d -type f -name "*.list" -print0 | \
    while read -d $'\0' file; do awk -F/ '/deb / && /ppa\.launchpad\.net/ {print "sudo ppa-purge ppa:"$4"/"$5}' "$file"; done

Step 2: Now, remove them

find /etc/apt/sources.list.d -type f -name "*.list" -print0 | \
    while read -d $'\0' file; do awk -F/ '/deb / && /ppa\.launchpad\.net/ {system("sudo ppa-purge ppa:"$4"/"$5)}' "$file"; done

Step 3: Install bleachbit and gtkorphan

sudo apt install bleachbit
sudo apt install gtkorphan

Step 4: Run bleachbit and gtkorphanas root

Step 5: Now, run the command

sudo do-release-upgrade

Edit

Step 1: Edit apt configuration

Press Ctrl Alt T to open terminal
Now, type

sudo nano /etc/apt/apt.conf

Step 2: Change the config:

APT::Default-Release *;

Note If the apt.conf file does not exist, create your own user file in /etc/apt/apt.conf.d so you can guarantee that it won't be overwritten by package updates.
Use the command to create the file

sudo touch /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/apt.conf

Then to edit your file run

sudo nano /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/apt.conf

Add this line to thee file

 APT::Default-Release *;


How to create a simple GUI in C++; without Qt, Gtk, or Mondo?

Most applications are built on GUI toolkits such as Gtk and Qt. Much of the early, heavy development of these toolkits was driven by such applications.
Many of these toolkits are now more than two decades old, so they predate most applications in use today.
The toolkits themselves (or at least their implementations in X11) are all built on top of Xlib. You can attempt to follow an Xlib tutorial such as https://tronche.com/gui/x/xlib-tutorial/ but there is a good chance that you will hit something that does not work. Xlib development is extremely finicky. At the very least, you will come to appreciate how much of an abstraction that toolkits such as Gtk and Qt provide. Coming from the Windows world, these toolkits are much more akin to Win32 GUI development than Xlib development is.

Those are the facts, I will conclude with speculation since the OP seems particularly interested in Firefox: I believe that Firefox is actually built directly in X11, or more specifically uses its own internal GUI toolkit. While it descends from Netscape Navigator (which predates the general use of Gtk and Qt), Navigator appeared to use Motif (a much older Toolkit, itself built on top of a library called X-Toolkit), and one of the major changes from Navigator -> Firefox (or Phoenix as it was called early on) was the loss of that interface. This occurred when modern toolkits such as Gtk and Qt were proliferating and I suspect that rather than pick a side, the Firefox developers rolled their own.


Ubuntu Server live cd rescue mode can't run fsck

For anyone not seeing the disk devices (/dev/sda1 etc.), be sure to run "Load installer components from CD" from the main menu; say "Do not use a root file system" when prompted.

To run the actual fsck: You are correct that a generic fsck (which on other systems automatically calls the correct filesystem-specific fsck) does not exist. However, a range of filesystem-specific fsck are available, such as fsck.ext4. To see a list, type fsck without hitting enter and press tab twice -- the shell will display a list of possible completions. Pick the one that's appropriate for your file system (ext4 and ext3 are popular). I'm pretty sure that if you pick the wrong one, it will abort with an error message without causing any harm. Example:

fsck.ext4 -f /dev/sda1

This runs the ext4 fsck utility on the first partition of the first SCSI disk. -f forces a full check even if the file system is marked clean.


These extra colors swatch can't currently be set, as described in this Konsole bug report: https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=344181


Why it isn't possible to type in URLs in the HUD?

Ubuntu HUD support is done by the application developer. Firefox is responsible to do so. to  HUD is a replacement of menu items/commands. In firefox such menu doesn't exist.

I don't think at present you can change the HUD behavior. (If I am wrong please feel free to correct me). Anyway you can press ctrl+L or F6 or ALT+D to goto the address bar.

You can send mail to    dev-apps-firefox@lists.mozilla.org.  requesting this feature.


Thought Ubuntu was installed, when I run PC I get 'non-system disk or disk error message'

download UNETBOOTIN and re-flash your Ubuntu .iso to your USB drive. in BIOS select boot from USB, or USB/CD (depending on BIOS and drive group). reboot, and proceed to install as normal.


GPU fan speeds up extremely, if the laptop has been idle for a while

You need to install a proprietary video driver. It can be done by running in terminal

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nvidia-346 nvidia-prime

After reboot you will be able to switch adapters. Now your Nvidia adapter consumes power but is not used.


Error message "Signal out of range 92KHz - 58Hz " when starting Ubuntu. What is wrong and how can I fix it?

You appear to be asking about two different things.

I get this message on the monitor Signal out of range 92KHz - 58Hz
I do not know what this means. My guess is that something is wrong with the configured settings which Ubuntu attempts to use for your display. When it attempts to apply them it gets this error. After this Ubuntu probably just uses settings which do work.
I am not sure how you could fix this. What I would try ... and this is just a guess ... is to open System Settings > Displays, click on Detect Displays, and then try changing the resolution.
Hopefully someone else will have a better answer ...
I can not load Windows!
It is hard to suggest a possible solution for this without knowing more about your system, which operating systems are installed, and in what order they were installed and/or became unavailable.
It would also help to have the info the utility boot-repair supplies in a "Bootinfo Summary". If you would follow the instructions below to create a Bootinfo Summary and then update your question to include the link to the summary, it would help us advise you on how to fix your problem booting windows.

How to use boot-repair to provide a "Bootinfo Summary"

Since your can still boot Ubuntu, you directly install and run the Boot-Repair tool and use it to Create a Bootinfo summary.

First, install the Boot-Repair tool using apt-get. The terminal commands to do this are

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair

After that completes, enter the command boot-repair to start the tool.
After a slight delay, boot-repair will prompt you to download the newest version. Since you just installed the latest version, answer No.
If boot-repair asks to install the pastebinit package, respond with Yes.
The tool will now scan your system and (eventually) display the window shown in the image below. Click on the Create a Bootinfo summary box/button. This will collect information about your system's boot configuration, but will not make any changes.

When the bootinfo summary has been created, boot-repair will display a message containing a URL which should look like this: http://paste.ubuntu.com/123456/.

Please update/edit your question and add this URL. The information in the pastebin this link points to will (I hope) help us diagnose the problem.

Reply to comment @ 2012-05-06 23:18:37Z

Any time there I turn on the PC i see the BIOS configuration, then appear Loading system and 3 seconds later appear the [Signal out of range] message.

I am not sure I understand. Most of the PCs I am familiar with show BIOS POST messages when they startup/boot. Is the "BIOS configuration" which you see now different in some way? Or did you see the same BIOS messages previously when only Windows was installed?

Try pressing and holding the shift key immediately after you see the Loading system message. This is supposed to make the GRUB boot menu appear. Does it?


PHP code is not rendered properly on web browser

For what you show the handler is not being executed, so it is displaying the PHP file as if it was a text file.
Did you create the virtual host entry?.
I checked the document you link and something is missing.
They create the config for the site on:
/etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf
But a symbolic link to this file should be created in:
/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/
Please do:
ls -al /etc/apache2/sites-available/
ls -al /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/
cat /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf

so I can review what's wrong.
Cheers,
Carles


Does Ubuntu Desktop 16.04.1 include Gnome 3.2.2?

You can either

download and install Ubuntu GNOME which is shipped with the GNOME desktop environment (and without Unity) or
after installing Ubuntu, install the GNOME desktop environment from the package repositories.


6700HQ Ubuntu install broken bios suspected/CPU lockup xx seconds

You should go into BIOS and DISABLE C-States, this means that your CPU will not be able to turn off when not in use, increasing power usage but fixing your issue.

If you do not have the C-States setting in your laptop, update your BIOS.

This working PERFECTLY for me, and I also found out that this will be fixed in the next few kernel updates.
I also read that it is a fault in the processor microcode (dont quote me on this though)

EDIT 07-04 It seems that 15.10 works as well, 15.10 also fixes the ACPI error which causes the PC to not shutdown properly in 15.04


Ubuntu partition deleted and windows not starting

I've had this issue as well. This happens because the Windows boot loader was over written when you installed Ubuntu. You see the GRUB error because the boot loader that boots both Windows and Ubuntu was installed on that Ubuntu partition. So, when you deleted that partition, you also deleted the components of the boot loader, leaving you with a computer that won't boot.

To fix this issue, you need a Windows installation disk. If you don't have one, you can make one with a USB drive. See how to do that here: Microsoft Download Center USB tool. You will need a working PC to create this.

Boot your computer with the install disk or USB. In the bottom left corner of the windows install dialogue, you should see something along the lines of "repair computer" or "trouble shoot this pc". Click this. Then click advanced options. Select the option to open a command prompt.

Run this command in the command prompt:
    "bootrec /FixBoot"
Then run:
    "bcdboot c:\Windows /l en-us /s : All"

Reboot your computer, and you should be able to boot now.


Is there any "babytype"-like aplication on ubuntu?

You can try Tux Typing or Klavaro (which is more advanced and maybe not for babies).


How to install gi for anaconda python3.6

I have had the very same problem today and what worked for me is the following:

First, create the link, as suggested in the stackoverflow post you cited (assuming that anaconda is installed under /home/your_user/anaconda3)

ln -s /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/gi /home/your_user/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/

Secondly, navigate into the gi folder that you just linked, within your anaconda directory and rename a copy of the two .so files to fit the python-version of anaconda (in my case from 3.4 to 3.6)

cd /home/your_user/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/gi/

sudo cp _gi.cpython-34m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so _gi.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so

and

sudo cp _gi_cairo.cpython-34m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so _gi_cairo.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so

Finally, the import gi worked accordingly within my anaconda environment.

Python 3.6.4 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Jan 16 2018, 18:10:19)
[GCC 7.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import gi
>>>


Open your ~/.inputrc. If you don't have this file, see the end for how to create it. Add these lines:
## arrow up
"\e[A":history-search-backward
## arrow down
"\e[B":history-search-forward

Lines starting with # are comments. I can't remember what is backward and what forward. Experiment with it. Maybe you have to switch backward and forward.
Just re-open possibly open terminal windows for the new behaviour to become effective.

A bit background information:
Bash is using readline to handle the prompt. ~/.inputrc is the configuration file for readline. Note that this will also take effect in other software using the readline library, for example IPython.
Read the bash manual for more information about readline. There you can also find more history related readline commands.
To get the escape codes for the arrow keys you can do the following:

Start cat in a terminal (just cat, no further arguments).
Type keys on keyboard, you will get things like ^[[A for up arrow and ^[[B for down arrow.
Replace ^[ with \e.

For more information about ^[ and \e see here: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/89817/380515

If you don't already have a ~/.inputrc file, copy the default settings over, or all the other default key bindings will be overridden:
cp /etc/inputrc ~/.inputrc

or begin your ~/.inputrc file with the following line
$include /etc/inputrc

[1]:


Can't load Xfce due to login loop, other DEs work

How to get a system with only xfce4 in Bionic Beaver, 18.04 LTS

Download and check an Ubuntu mini.iso file,

or to boot in UEFI mode, from an Ubuntu Server 64-bit (amd64) iso file),

a 32-bit system

wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic/main/installer-i386/current/images/netboot/mini.iso
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic/main/installer-i386/current/images/MD5SUMS
grep mini.iso MD5SUMS | sed s#./netboot/## > mini.md5
md5sum -c mini.md5

or a 64-bit system,

wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic/main/installer-amd64/current/images/netboot/mini.iso
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic/main/installer-amd64/current/images/MD5SUMS
grep mini.iso MD5SUMS | sed s#./netboot/## > mini.md5
md5sum -c mini.md5

Create a CD/DVD/USB boot drive by cloning from the mini.iso file
Install a minimal system from mini.iso CD/DVD/USB.

You need a wired connection to the internet (ethernet) for the mini.iso to work.

It might be possible, but is difficult, to make WiFi work with the mini.iso installer. (I don't know how to do it.)
Boot into the installed minimal system. You arrive at a text screen.

After login: please enter the user ID (that you created a few minutes ago), and after that the password. There is no echo (no dots) when you enter the password.

Now you can run command lines.
Install 'only ' xfce4. You will get no graphical greeter unless you install it separately.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install xfce4

Now you can start the graphical session with the command

startx

and it will look like the following picture (I ran some commands before taking the screenshot),

If you right-click on the picture and open it in another window (that is big enough), you can see it in full size and read the text.

How to get a system with xfce4 alongside standard Ubuntu with gnomein Bionic Beaver, 18.04 LTS

Warning about mixing desktop environments

It is easy to install new desktop environments alongside the current one, but it is very difficult to remove that desktop environment without damage to the desktop environment, that you want to keep. So don't do this to your production operating system unless you have a good backup.
Install standard Ubuntu Bionic, 18.04 LTS
Boot into the installed system
Install xfce4 and lxde to help xfce work alongside standard Ubuntu

sudo apt update
sudo apt install xfce4 lxde

Reboot (next time you can also log out and switch session without reboot)
Click on the cog wheel symbol to select session (XFCE, LXDE, Ubuntu ...)

Enter password and log in.


How do I turn on WiFi and WebCam on Medion AKOYA E7214 laptop?

It isn't obvious but Medion's support website has a downloadable Windows driver/program called "Launch Manager" (for Win7).  This is needed on Win 10 to use the Fn + F7 & F9 key combinations.  After installing Launch Manager and turning on WiFi and WebCam in Win10 with the BIOS set to "last state", Ubuntu can access WiFi and Camera on the laptop. I can now use Skype and WiFi.


ubuntu 15.10 default editor doesn't work for sftp remote files

For we it works when doing this:

right click on the file

choose "open with..." from the contextual menu
choose "other application"

click on "View all applications" button
pick up Sublime Text

Does it works for you?

Another solution is to use the file property dialog box. Right click on the file, then property.
In the dialog box you can choose which program is associated with the file.


For simply mapping the UID/GID while using NFS, you do not need Kerberos. Kerberos will add extra layers of security to NFS but not needed for mere UID/GID mapping.

Also note that, if you are using NFS v.4 you can map username/group name of local/remote servers using idmapd instead of UID/GID mapping of prior versions.


Why laptop boots usb but incorrect resolution after installing to hard drive?

you can always press the CTRL+ALT+x, where:

x from 1 to 6 are simple terminals
x = 7 is X window system

So you can start cracking it from the command line.

Try starting with the following logs and configs:

/var/log/syslog
/var/log/Xorg.0.log

/etc/X11/xorg.conf

If everything works well from the USB, but not from the HDD, you can also compare the GRUB boot options:

/boot/grub/grub.cfg

for given "menuentry" (as you already mentioned)

You can also change the /etc/default/grub to make the changes permanent.

Please see this for example: http://www.intdblog.com/2009/09/grub-2-graphical-boot-tips-to-set.html


Open irc:// links in XChat from Firefox and Chromium

One possible solution is to make a little script to open the irc chanel in an existing xchat, and pass that to Firefox.

For example - make a file in /usr/bin called xchat-firefox and put in it:

#!/bin/bash
xchat --existing --url=$@

Add executable permission to the script:

sudo chmod +x xchat-firefox

Now using the menu option Edit-Preferences-Applications Tab in Firefox select "xchat-firefox" for the "irc" content-type.

source 1 & source 2


How can I repair Unity after trying to install macOS theme from noobslab? Icons and dock vanished!

there is many anti-virus for linux which can be used to clean windows viruses and trojans.

Avast Home Edition
Clam Anti-Virus - to install run sudo apt-get install clamtk

You should do clean install because there would be so many files that are changed or created. It would be very quick solution.


libEGL warning: DRI2: failed to authenticate

I have a gtx680 and had the nvidia binary 346.59 installed through Ubuntu repo and I was getting your same error.

Then I installed the nouveau, the error went away but I had problems with the GL version (only 3.x supported).

I tried to install again the 346.59, but this time in the "old way", downloading from nv website, switching to console, stopping lightdm and installing them. It worked for me


Unable to open MediaWiki after the installation of NextCloud

You need to create and enable 2 separate Apache's virtual hosts as it is explained here.

The server name directives must look like:
ServerName wiki.local

ServerName cloud.local

Then you need to edit the /etc/hosts file of the client.

If the client is the same computer you could modify the relevant line to:
127.0.0.1 localhost wiki.local cloud.local

If the client is another computer in the LAN:
192.168.0.100 wiki.local cloud.local

Where 192.168.0.100 is the IP address of the computer that hosts the Apache server.

In addition, MediaWiki 1.34 experiencing some problems with php7.4. You can have only one version of php enabled, until you done special setup to run two versions at the same time. At my server MediaWiki 1.34 and NextCloud 18.0.7 works great with php7.3 -- here is how to enable it on Ubuntu 18.04: Upgrade to the latest PHP version in ubuntu 16.04


About compatibility between specific printer and Ubuntu 12.04

Ubuntu support variety of printers:

Here are supported  printers https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Printers and also you can take a look https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupportComponentsPrinters

For your case  HP photosmart P1000, model c6723a  , according to https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupportComponentsPrintersHp it has no support yet.

But you still can use a generic driver for your printer.
Please take a look  https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HPPrinterInstallation

and if you like there is nice tutorial about printing in linux  can be found http://linuxibos.blogspot.com/2012/05/seprinters-linux.html


A tinkered PC resets its nameserver (resolv.conf) on each boot

When theres a manual entry in the /etc/network/interfaces, Your graphical network interface wont work.

Either you remove the entries in interfaces file in relate to the interface(eth0,eth1) you are working on. Then restart networking using sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart, after which you can use the graphical interface

Or edit interfaces file to include nameservers, like dns-nameservers <ip> and restart networking.


Your system might be busy in the background, even if the CPU is not 100%, the disk might be. Leave the system on for a while before watching video.


can't open simple pdf created with latex with gscan2pdf

gscan2pdf creates PDF files that contain bitmap graphics. With latex, however, you created a PDF file containing text, i.e., containing information about the characters and their position, the font of the characters etc. gscan2pdf produces and reads PDF's with graphics, and appears to choke if you feed it a PDF not containing any bitmap graphics.
In the end, your decision to use gscan2pdf to create one pdf from multiple may have been the wrong decision. A tool like PDF Arranger or similar may fit your purpose better.


"Failed to start session" after upgrade to 18.04

I took this along to a laptop clinic who solved the issue. The login screen, importantly, looked identical to the 16.04 Unity login screen which betrayed the problem in transferring to 18.04 (which has a very different looking login screen).

In TTY attempting to install certain packages gave unmet dependencies, and following the chain down gave the ligbm1 package at the base. This is the dependency for a lot of unity and xserver packages (attempting startx also failed). Uninstalling ligbm1 and then installing it again allowed installing ubuntu-desktop without error.


How to find all PDF files in directories and their subdirectories?

You can use:

find -iname '*.pdf'

with ls maybe:

ls -lR | grep '/\|pdf$'


Ubuntu can never see my data partition on startup. I have to click the icon on the launcher and then it works fine until I restart

You'll have to edit /etc/fstab to make it auto-mount at boot time. Something similar to:

In terminal...

sudo blkid # to obtain the correct UUID number
sudo mkdir /media/username/some_mountpoint_name # for drives owned by root
sudo chown username: /media/username/some_mountpoint_name # for drives owned by username

and add something similar to one of these to /etc/fstab...

In terminal...

gksudo gedit /etc/fstab

# shared EXT4 disk
UUID=correct_UUID_# /media/username/some_mountpoint_name   EXT4      defaults   0    2

# shared ntfs disk
UUID=correct_UUID_# /media/username/some_mountpoint_name   ntfs-3g   defaults   0    0


netplan bridge: no connection to/from virtual machine

I had a similar issue that guest VM can only reach host machine but not any other machine on the network. Running sudo iptables -vL showed that the FORWARD policy was DROP, so I added an ACCEPT rule by sudo iptables -A FORWARD -p all -i br0 -j ACCEPT. After that my guest VM became visible to the rest of the network. I used iptables-persistent to keep the settings around between reboots.


E: The package needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it [ libpolkit-gobject-1-0]

sudo dpkg –-remove –-force-remove-reinstreq <package_name>

<package_name> should be replaced with the name of the package you want to remove.


Unfortunately the netplan error messages often lead you to look at the wrong line. Lay your netplan yaml file out like this and it should all work:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    ens32:
      addresses:
        - 172.16.120.74/16
      nameservers:
        addresses: [127.0.0.53, 172.16.1.5]

Note that the '-' character of your IP address should be under the second d in addresses from the line above.


How do I undo the patch to openvpn recommended by Private Tunnel?

I think you overwrote /usr/sbin/openvpn (the openvpn binary). Can you show me the output of:

# file /usr/sbin/openvpn


I was reading the Linux Mint 18.2 release notes and they recommend to uninstall xserver-xorg-video-intel for other video issues. They state that:

The legacy driver is no longer maintained and only useful for the old i800x and i900x family of chipsets.

After rebooting I haven't noticed any screen issues or artifacts with chromium-browser.


You can't resize a partition when you are using it.

So you have to use an Ubuntu Live CD, boot on it, and then do your operations from the Live environment. Eventually, you have to "swap off", that is to say turn the swap partition off by using Gparted.


Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS - LINUX_VERSION_CODE seems incorrect

It looks like you have a version specific kernel headers file installed that doesn't match your running kernel, probably.  There used to be a meta-package that would keep the current one installed no matter what.

Here's the reference


Basically, there are two main steps to solve this: first, install Ubuntu, then get your graphics working properly.
Update: I installed system updates last night and the system would not boot. Not sure if the update process went well, or gave an error somewhere. Anyway, in hindsight, I think it would be better to update first, then follow these steps. If that doesn't work, then no system update =P. Today I tried purging and redoing these steps, and no dice.
Update 2: Decided to try Elementary OS, to see if out of the box drivers worked. No luck, same problems, and same solution: followed the steps from "Getting decent graphics" (below), and everything worked until I ran system update.
Update 3: Got it working with Yakety Yak, including latest system updates. See instructions below.
Update 4: YY broke, replicated procedure in 16.04 and it worked, see below.
Installing Ubuntu

When you boot to the USB for the first time (Grub), press e to edit boot options
At the end of the line that starts with linux, add nomodeset, then press F10.
You'll have to install with 800x600 resolution (hopefully not worse than that). It's doable, since you can move windows around, or press Enter to advance through dialogs.

Getting decent graphics in 16.04 and 16.10

Install all updates from the Software Centre.
Open Unity Launcher, type Additional Drivers and run that.
Pick the Nvidia driver that appears, click Apply.
Finally, remove nomodeset from grub.cfg using the instructions here  (note that the instructions explain how to add it permanently, so, adjust accordingly).
Restart.


Can't freeze the terminal with the shortcut Ctrl+S on Ubuntu 17.04

Apperently, it is the fish shell which is disabling this feature. I asked on their github page how to enable it back, and they said :

  Currently, this isn't possible to change from your end. We just unconditionally disable it.

Here is the link for the issue https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/issues/4168.


MacBook Pro (5) touchpad stops working after upgrading from Ubuntu 10.10 to Ubuntu 11.04

(Answering my own question, in the hope that it saves someone else a bit of head scratching).

After the upgrade, your Gnome desktop configuration may have gone awry. There are a few settings which enable or disable the touchpad in certain contexts which may need tweaking to get the touchpad working again. Here's how I got mine working again:

Hit Alt-F2, and run 'gconf-editor'
Navigate to desktop->gnome->peripherals
Ensure that peripherals->touchpad:touchpad is enabled.
Ensure that peripherals->bcm5974:disable_while_other_device_exists is disabled. 'bcm5974' is probably specific to my MacBook Pro's hardware, so you may need to search around for variable disable_while_other_device_exists under the entries listed under peripherals.

HTH


iTunes is a closed-source program like Skype. So, there is no source code to compile from for Linux or any *nix based system. Also, Apple does not provide any binaries for Ubuntu, or even for any *nix based system. You have 4 options:

Option 1: Use a Windows emulator

Open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T), and run apt-get install wine.
Get iTunes for Windows at apple.com
Go to the terminal again (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run wine ./NAME_OF_EXECUTABLE.exe and replace NAME_OF_EXECUTABLE.exe with the name of executable.
Install as needed and when needed, run wine ./NAME_OF_APPLICATION.exe.

Disclaimer: Sometimes, wine will not work and use it at your own risk. You also may have issues and bugs with the installed application (iTunes)

Option 2: libimobiledevice

Go to Ubuntu Software Center, and check that libimobiledevice4 is installed and latest version.
Plug in device, and let the device mount automatically.
Open Nautilus, and find your device in the left column.
Select all the files, and copy to a directory in your home directory. Here's a script to do that:

 #!/bin/bash
[ -d ~/PhoneBackup ] || mkdir ~/PhoneBackup
    PATHOFPHONE=df -h|tail -n 1|awk '{print $6}'
    read -p "Is $PATHOFPHONE the location of files (yes/no)?" yesorno
    if [[ $yesorno == "yes" ]]; then
    echo Copying
if diff $PATHOFPHONE $HOME/PhoneBackup|grep -iv common 2> /dev/null
then difference=diff $PATHOFPHONE $HOME/PhoneBackup|grep -iv common
if [[ echo $difference == "" ]]; then
    echo "Nothing to do... already backed up"
    else
     rm -rf ~/PhoneBackup;mkdir -p ~/PhoneBackup; cp -r $PATHOFPHONE/* PhoneBackup/.
fi

else echo Everything already backed up
exit
fi
fi

On all the tests, this script has worked. Feel free to post any bugs. As a workaround, just cp PHONEDIRECTORY ~/BACKUP.

Option 3: Music Syncing

Use Banshee or Amarok Player to sync your music. Use the Ubuntu Software Center to get those.
To sync, follow instructions on many other guides. By far, this is the easiest idea out of the four.

Option 4: Run a Windows VM

If you have a copy of Windows lying around, put it in a Virtual Machine, and use iTunes from there.
Install kvm from the Ubuntu Software Center. Load the iso from the menu.
Install iTunes from the Virtual Machine. For more info, do a Google on virtual machines for Ubuntu.

BTW, I use option 2 almost every month with no issues. Of course, there are some bugs, but I made it really quickly. FWIW, option 4 is just too hard to do and hogs your CPU and RAM. However, it's your choice on what you want to do.

HTH, James


the network interface is not shown in the task bar? and how to connect network manager?

Please check your WiFi hardware switch. It should be on .
And then run the command:

/etc/init.d/network-manager restart


hp wireless keyboard not working on ubuntu 18.04

I recently bought a HP Pavilion Wireless Keyboard and Mouse 800 and experienced exactly this problem. I found that there were workaround available for similar problems with Lenovo wireless keyboard + mouse combos manufactured by the same company (Primax). These fixes did not work for me, but I was able to modify one of them to make it work. I have now posted this as a workaround for HP wireless keyboards (although it may also work for other brands):

https://github.com/JohnJohanssonChalmers/hp_wireless_keyboard

Feel free to test it and report your experience.


How to disable session/admin password for printing?

You may want to review the setup procedures for printing and permissions:

Local Printer

Default Printer

Further Reading Which includes Bluetooth

Network printing


ubuntu 16.04 on iMac mid 2011 unity desktop stops responding

it helps to know which imac version.. imac4,1 imac5,1 etc.

This page can help determine which one you have:

  https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMac_(Intel-based)

Info is also located on your system and likely found by cross-referencing the info found in "About This Computer" near System Settings menu.

The symptoms you describe are similar to what I've seen on a local imac8,1 when screen memory is exceeded.

To minimize issues, reduce memory overhead on things that are not necessary. For example, simplify the Display Background in System Settings to a solid color. Also in System Settings > Appearance, make sure "enable workspaces" is turned-off.

Oh, and make sure the system is not using the vendor supplied video driver. Use the generic video driver supplied by Ubuntu --even though the system may suggest otherwise. If there are any bugs, Ubuntu will work to fix it; The OEM does not provide support for their drivers --especially under an open source application such as Ubuntu.

cheers,

ps. Updating to Ubuntu 16.04LTS will solve at least one related bug.


# systemctl status logstash.service
● logstash.service - logstash
   Loaded: loaded
  Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/logstash.service.d
   Active: deactivating (stop-sigterm)
 Main PID: 20410 (java)
   CGroup: /system.slice/logstash.service
           └─20410 /usr/bin/java

I solved the issue by killing the process associated with Main PID:
# kill -9 20410


I would advise you to try and shut it down without any devices plugged in the usb ports.
I have read that some devices may cause your PC/laptop to start up after a shutdown.

If that doesn't work you may want to try what this Ubuntu Forums post suggests.


Windows 8.1 upgrade destroyed my Ubuntu machine

Update: I've updated the script now

I've created a script to help users boot Windows 8.1 and Linux. I'm afraid it's not a Linux script, but I'm sure you could do a similar thing in linux...

This script will alter some things in your S:\ partition. You need to run it as administrator.

Note in this example, I'm using SuSE 12.1 and I'm using two separate HDD with Windows 8.1 on the "Primary" HDD. This is also designed for HP machines, however the HP directory isn't that important, so you can just change 'HP' to whatever other directory you have in your S:\ partition. All I currently have in mine is

S:\EFI
S:\Boot.old

You will need to download and extract REFind and make sure you've set REFINDSOURCEPATH with where it's located.

Please do not do this unless you know what you're doing!

::Setup Refind script version 04/01
echo off
CHOICE /C YN /M "Have you already attempted copy of files since last losing the boot manager? Y/N"
IF %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 1 SET _FIRSTRUN=Yes
IF %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 2 SET _FIRSTRUN=No
echo on
::Mount partition
mountvol S: /S
::Set paths
::You might want to modify these for your system?
set REFINDSOURCEPATH=C:\refind-bin-0.7.4\refind
set REFINDSPATH=S:\EFI\refind
set SBOOTPATH=S:\EFI\Boot
set REFINDCONFIG=C:\refind.conf
::Rename refind directory if it's already present
rename %REFINDSPATH% refind.old
::Copy to S:\ assuming refind is located at %REFINDSOURCEPATH%
IF "%_FIRSTRUN%" == "Yes" (
echo a | xcopy /E %REFINDSOURCEPATH% %REFINDSPATH%
)
IF "%_FIRSTRUN%" == "No" (
echo d | xcopy /E %REFINDSOURCEPATH% %REFINDSPATH%
)
::Rename old boot HP files - we don't need the HP directory!
rename S:\EFI\HP HP.old
::Rename boot directory - we will recreate this ourselves below
rename  %SBOOTPATH% Boot.old
::Stop this file from being detected/set as default boot - this can still be detected by Windows otherwise.
rename S:\EFI\Boot.old\bootx64.efi bootx64.efi.old

::Recreate the boot directory
mkdir %SBOOTPATH%
::Put refind into the boot directory
IF "%_FIRSTRUN%" == "Yes" (
echo a | xcopy /E %REFINDSOURCEPATH%  %SBOOTPATH%
)
IF "%_FIRSTRUN%" == "No" (
echo d | xcopy /E %REFINDSOURCEPATH%  %SBOOTPATH%
)

::Rename/overwrite the file so it will always boot refind
rename %SBOOTPATH%\refind_x64.efi bootx64.efi
::This is a dirty hack to stop Microsoft finding their EFI file and setting as default boot
IF "%_FIRSTRUN%" == "Yes" (
copy S:\EFI\Microsoft\boot\bootmgfw.efi S:\EFI\Microsoft\boot\bootmgfw.efiold
rename S:\EFI\Microsoft\boot\bootmgfw.efi bootmgfw_.efi
)
::This is a dirty hack to stop Microsoft finding their EFI file and setting as default boot
IF "%_FIRSTRUN%" == "No" (
::I'm assuming we don't have to do anything different at this point. Error may be thrown but should not cause issues.
copy S:\EFI\Microsoft\boot\bootmgfw.efi S:\EFI\Microsoft\boot\bootmgfw.efiold
rename S:\EFI\Microsoft\boot\bootmgfw.efi bootmgfw_.efi
)

::Copy the config file.
copy /Y %REFINDCONFIG%  %REFINDSPATH%\refind.conf
::Set the boot manager (doesn't always work)

bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\refind\refind_x64.efi
echo off
pause

CHOICE /C YN /M "Press Y to destroy the S:\EFI\Boot.old directory"
IF %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 1 SET _BOOT=Yes
CHOICE /C YN /M "Press Y to destroy the S:\EFI\refind.old directory"
IF %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 1 SET SET _REFIND=Yes
CHOICE /C YN /M "Press Y to destroy the S:\EFI\HP.old directory"
IF %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 1  SET _HP=Yes

IF "%_BOOT%" == "Yes" (
::Remove the path below
rmdir /s S:\EFI\Boot.old
echo "Removing path"
)

IF "%_REFIND%" == "Yes" (
::Remove the path below
rmdir /s S:\EFI\refind.old
echo "Removing path"
)

IF "%_HP%" == "Yes" (
::Remove the path below
rmdir /s S:\EFI\HP.old
echo "Removing path"
)

pause
echo "Pressing a key will restart immediately"
pause

::Restart
shutdown /r /t 0

I get an warning message when EFI is enabled so all you need to do is remove the word "hdbios" out of the configuration file if you have EFI enabled.

The other part which is important is your config file. As you can see mine is located at C:\refind.conf - that's probably not the most sensible place to put it, but at least you know it won't get erased if you trash anything else by mistake.

Mine is as follows, but I would suggest that you follow the documentation above to configure yours properly. You can see I use the renamed EFI/Microsoft/boot/bootmgfw_.efi in the configuration file.

timeout 20
hideui singleuser
#hideui all
#icons_dir myicons
use_graphics_for windows
showtools reboot, exit
scanfor internal,external,optical,hdbios,manual
dont_scan_volumes ROOT BOOT
dont_scan_dirs EFI/Boot, Boot
#scan_all_linux_kernels
#also_scan_dirs EFI/Microsoft/boot, Microsoft/boot

menuentry Windows8 {

    loader EFI/Microsoft/boot/bootmgfw_.efi
    icon EFI/refind/icons/os_win.icns

}

menuentry SuSE {
    icon EFI/refind/icons/os_linux.icns
    volume BOOT
    loader \vmlinuz
    initrd \initrd
    options "video=1600x900 splash=silent quiet showopts vga=0x37f root=UUID=201bb438-10b4-49aa-ac1c-4c7d52ad66a0
    splash=silent quiet showopts"
}

menuentry SuSERoot {
    icon EFI/refind/icons/os_linux.icns
    volume ROOT
    loader /boot/vmlinuz-3.4.11-2.16-desktop
    initrd /boot/initrd-3.4.11-2.16-desktop
    options "video=1600x900 splash=silent quiet showopts vga=0x37f root=UUID=201bb438-10b4-49aa-ac1c-4c7d52ad66a0
    splash=silent quiet showopts"
    disabled
}


Any command-line tools for converting a series of photos at different angles to a smooth rotating video or 3D viewer?

You're doing model capture, in that you probably want a 3D model (e.g. .3ds)  (which you want to feed into a suggestible renderer such as a 3D screensaver featuring teapots and named teapot,) and to use handbrake to capture that to 12 seconds of web-friendly (or 4k friendly h.265,) video.

I apologize for not knowing a project to use offhand.
Google search opines nicely toward using PyTorch to combine geometry capture, lighting hints and intuition...

Practically, for a one-off, get AutoDesk 123D Catch on a handy phone and have it capture the model, then pull the model off for use in Blender or teapot or furshader or walkthrough VR of some kind.

6 years ago Stanford had a sensation in make3D ( http://make3d.cs.cornell.edu/ .)  Many HMI iterations later, surely there are better versions on sourceforge or via a proper hunt on github or among arXiv human-machine interfaces. Mine failed for now! Though "one-line image set to 3D converter" seems to be okay, and at least hauls up Selva3D.com to offer your command line some barely-size-checked http-get script action.

Current work (see author pages:) http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~hanbyulj/totalbody/
http://ccwu.me/vsfm/  Permits some motion across the images, but is in a GUI workflow.
Jenn3d is one project on SourceForge that promises to generate a point cloud (no model needed?) and there are many that like to require a laser scan line in order to tell innies from shaded outies (along with the images,) but even http://ccwu.me/vsfm/ has to be unwound from the GUI to work.


Will RAM manage the peripherals or they will have separate memory?

To be clear, your monitor itself does not "require" certain amounts of RAM, but your GPU might. Also, RAM cannot manage anything other than some very low-level functions within itself.

When your system boots up, the BIOS or EFI will decide how much (if any) RAM your integrated GPU will need and "hard reserve" it from your system RAM to be used exclusively by the GPU.


The Ubuntu GUI file manager called nautilus usually creates a .Trash folder in each drive you insert to your system. Every time you delete a file in nautilus it is copied in the .Trash folder. Then you are allowed to recover or permanently delete the file.

On the other hand, when you use the terminal no .Trash folder is used. So, you can delete this floder using the terminal. Open a terminal and type

$ rm -rf /media/username/diskname/.Trash


How can I convert a ready Python project into DEB

In an answer to a slightly different question, I mention stdeb. If your project is packaged on PyPI you can:

# enable proposed repos first!
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install python-stdeb
sudo pypi-install xxxx

(where xxxx is the PyPI name)

If it's packaged (for setuptools, etc) but not on PyPI you can still use py2dsc (which ships with stdeb) which can convert a .tgz of your project into a deb file.

You can read more about this with more example on stdeb's PyPI page.

If it's not packaged or on PyPI, then yeah, you've got the "proper" route ahead, though you can side-step a lot of the process with this wonderful answer. You don't need to recommit everything into BZR and upload it just to build a deb.


You need driver package for Nvidia-CUDA-Optimus.

This is solved already by posted solution of me here :

How can I Install Nvidia Driver GT 520 and Cuda 5.0 in Ubuntu13.04?


Is it safe to install kernel 4.1.3 lts (latest version) on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS?

No

I've recently upgraded my kernel to 4.1.3 and there are many features that are not supported. Like for instance , when I close the lid of my laptop I expect it to Hibernate but it doesn't do so. And there are also many GRUB related issues which I had to fix. Finally I got rid of it and rolled back to  3.16.0-45-generic. Although , you might want to experiment you can install the latest kernel and when you want the older kernel to boot you can do it so  from the GRUB boot menu by pressing LShift.


How to install packages without internet connection

You could copy the debs you need off his system out of /var/cache/apt/archives, but you'd need to be sure that you get all the dependencies for the debs you want.  Then you'd install with dpkg -i. I'd say it's fairly likely that you may miss a package or two and end up with uninstallable packages, so if you're not sure what you're doing, I'd suggest not doing this.

One alternative, you could also use gdebi to install the debs once you copy them. gdebi will figure out what dependencies you need, dpkg will not until it tries the install, and apt can't install local files.  gdebi is not installed by default, so you'd need to download it first.


NFS4: 18.04 Client : force NFS ver=4.0 ? (ldap map, multiple client versions)

Use an OpenLDAP translucent proxy overlay

You could set up an OpenLDAP server on top of the existing one, using the slapo-translucent overlay. With this overlay you can proxy all requests to your existing ldap server, but override certain attributes with local values.

So you would make your main ldap server contain the mount options most clients can understand, and then, in the overlay ldap server, rewrite the automountInformation attribute to not contain the vers=4.0 mount option and make your 10.04 clients use this other server. Every other attribute should be handled transparently by the overlay and sent back to your main ldap.


Getting dependency and disk space errors on updates but need help understanding what the df command is showing me and how to fix

cleanup old kernels

sudo apt-get autoclean
 sudo apt-get autoremove

or expand the /boot partion


Having a look on LinuxTV site, I've found that:
Note that I do not have a DVB-S card and that I ve not tested these 2 solutions below

For a DVB-S PCI Cards

From this source on linuxtv.org about DVB-S PCI Cards

  A linux driver which can be downloaded for the Mantis family from the Twinhan website (AZLinux_v1.4.2_CI_FC6). The mantis_vp1034 only has precompiled module binaries that are only suitable for the first FC6 kernel.

  Other drivers are available from http://jusst.de/manu/mantis-v4l-dvb.tar.bz2

  v4l-dvb v5 (s2api) drivers are avaliable from the mercurial repository at http://mercurial.intuxication.org/hg/s2-liplianin

For a Azurewave AD SP400 CI

(reading all your different questions, I suppose it is the card you have):

From this source on linuxtv.org about this card,
- No firmware required.
- Follow this to install the Driver:

sudo apt-get install mercurial
hg clone http://linuxtv.org/hg/v4l-dvb

then

cd v4l-dvb/v4l
make
sudo make install
sudo reboot

if compiling fails because of FiredTV just run:

sudo make menuconfig

before the make command and disable -> Multimedia Support -> DVB/ATSC Adapter -> Firedtv/Floppydtv

Alternatively, try this driver:

sudo apt-get install mercurial
hg clone http://jusst.de/hg/mantis-v4l
ln -s mantis-v4l s2   [the scan-s2 and szap-s2 Makefiles expect this]
cd mantis-v4l
make
sudo make install
sudo reboot


There is tentative agreement to move Ubuntu Software Center to PackageKit, it was in the news last week:

http://www.webupd8.org/2011/01/cross-distro-unified-installer-is-on.html

Basically the plan is to unify the meta data for all installable packages, this way we can have a standard way of allowing all developers to put their most important data into the standard desktop files and not have to expect them to fill out debian and rpm package information. PackageKit is being used alongside a de-branded Ubuntu Software Center in a project called AppStream

As soon as the debian-packagekit integration is perfect, I'm sure Ubuntu can ship it.


How do I turn my source code into an Ubuntu package and how do I get it in the repositories?

This is the best place to start NewPackages it gives you the low down on building and submitting your package. However its not going to happen over night so a short term alternative and something you would need to do at some point any way is set up a launchpad ppa suggested by aking1012 that way you can inform people who would like to use it how to add your ppa and get update of your program and they will be able to give you bug info.


For what duration is sudo_root in "don't-prompt-for-password" mode?

This is covered in the Ubuntu Sudo FAQ entry here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SecurityTeam/FAQ#Sudo

The default is 15 minutes, but can be changed with *timestamp_timeout* in /etc/sudoers. For more details see "man sudoers"


Can we install Ubuntu Server on Lenovo sr530 with Intel Xeon silver processor?

The Lenovo SR530 is in the list of certified systems for Ubuntu Server 18.04:

https://certification.ubuntu.com/hardware/201706-25573/


python-pip3depends on ...

ca-certificates
python-pip-whl (= 18.1-5)
python3
python3-distutils

So removing or purging either of these will also uninstall python-pip3. Out of these the only obvious one would be deleting python3. The others are not packages you would touch yourself. But you would have a whole lot of other problems if you did remove any of these.

The log files to check for using apt ...

/var/log/apt/term.log
/var/log/apt/history.log*

but there is also (in case dpkg was used) ...

/var/log/dpkg.log

You can use less or grep to search 2 of them. history.log uses compressed files for older logs so use zgrep to scan those.

With normal usage, I would believe, there is not a method that would remove package python-pip3.


There are at least three problems with your question:

You cannot directly merge two partitions using common Linux tools. You can expand a partition into adjacent unpartitioned space, but merging partitions (which implies saving the contents of both partitions) is not supported by any Linux tools of which I am aware.
Your /dev/sda1 and /dev/sda6 are not adjacent to one another -- two other partitions exist in-between them. Also, /dev/sda1 is a primary partition and /dev/sda6 is a logical partition. Thus, even if you found some obscure tool to merge two partitions, it would be useless in this context, because a partition must be a continuous set of sectors, like sectors A to D, not A to B and C to D, with other partitions occupying sectors B to C.
Your /dev/sda1 is NTFS and /dev/sda6 is ext4fs. Thus, even if you found a tool to merge two partitions, and if they were adjacent to one another, you couldn't do it because they're different filesystem types.

All that said, I suspect that your /dev/sda1 is empty, and you simply want to expand the size of /dev/sda6, using the space of /dev/sda1. That task can be done, but it requires some intermediate tasks:

Delete /dev/sda1.
Move /dev/sda2 to the left. This will have the effect of moving the free space now occupied by /dev/sda1 to the right of /dev/sda2.
Move /dev/sda3 to the left. Again, this has the effect of moving the free space to the right of /dev/sda3.
Resize the extended partition, /dev/sda4, so that its start point is as far to the left as possible. It should now encompass the free space. (Note that an extended partition is a sort of placeholder that itself contains logical partitions. Thus, although the free space is within the extended partition, it's still available to logical partitions and so remains free, in some sense.)
Resize /dev/sda6 to the left, so that it now consumes the free space.

This procedure carries some significant caveats:

You'll need to perform the last two of those operations from an emergency boot (like an Ubuntu installer in "try before installing" mode).
The partition-move operations and resizing the Ubuntu partition to the left are likely to be time-consuming. Precisely how time-consuming depends on the speed of your disk -- maybe just a few minutes, but maybe over an hour for each of them.
The partition-move and resizing operations carry some risk of damage to your partitions. Note that "damage to your partitions" could mean loss of important files. Thus, it's imperative that you back up anything important on these partitions before you begin.
This operation might render OS(es) on the partition(s) unbootable. Thus, you should be prepared to run Boot Repair to fix Ubuntu. Windows repair is likely to require running specialized Windows tools, and is beyond my expertise. Repairing Windows is beyond the scope of this forum, too. You may want to research this topic before beginning, and ask for help on a Windows forum if you need it.
DO NOT try to operate on this disk using the standard Windows tools. Although it might do a better job of keeping Windows bootable, the standard Windows partitioning tools are known to wreak havoc when dealing with disks, like yours, that have extended and logical partitions.

As an alternative to this procedure, you might consider using your existing /dev/sda1 more-or-less as-is. This question and answer, for instance, describe how to add a partition as a separate /home partition. You'd need to create a fresh ext4fs (or other Linux native) filesystem on the partition, but this approach bypasses all of the preceding caveats. OTOH, your current Ubuntu root (/) partition is tiny (16.28 GiB), so unless you want to increase its size for more user storage space, you might not free up enough space by using /dev/sda1 as /home. Maybe moving /var or something else to the new partition would work better, but that creates its own inflexibility. Moving the entire installation to /dev/sda1, which is 53.61 GiB, might be a better approach. See here for some discussions on this approach.


Where are the Canon MF8080cw wireless drivers?

please check canon official website here .


Why are Thunderbird-Lightning events not showing in Unity panel calendar?

EDS Calendar Integration addon synchronizes Thunderbird with calendar indicator.

Note: I'm the author


The script needs an user infrared5 that doesn't exist on your system. Create that user and check the documentation whether it needs special privileges or permissions to some files or directories.


Is there a quick easy way to access the command line for unity launchers?

I might not have understood the question, but can't you use a keyboard shortcut to get there?
i.e. Open gnome-keybinding-properties, find an unattributed key combination, click on Add, give your shortcut a name, type gnome-terminal as the command to invoke, and that's about it.


Use the command charm proof to test your charm before deployment.

for example:

charm proof <path_to_charm>

Then, to test the deployment:

juju deploy --repository <somedir> local:<charmname>

With <somedir> as the path to the directory above your charm (so if we have a charm stored in ~/code/charms/gitolite, it'd be ~/code/charms/), and <charmname> as the name of your charm.


How to check an encrypted disk for errors

I first unlocked my encrypted partition with the following command (no elevated privileges required)

udisksctl unlock -b /dev/sdb5

After being prompted, I entered the encryption passphrase na I got the Unlocked /dev/sdb5 as /dev/dm-0 message that indicated success.

And finally, I went on to do the file system check:

sudo fsck /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root

And that was it! :-)

Appendix: disk setup and tips

To give some more context, here's the relevant part of the output of the lsblk /dev/sdb command: I've got a single disk, used exclusively for Ubuntu, and the encrypted partition is on /dev/sdb5. Also notice that:

The fdisk command does not seem to support encrypted partitions, so running th traditional sudo fdisk -l command will warn you about invalid partition tables. You can ignore those messages. Or even better:

Use the lsblk /dev/sdb command or sudo parted /dev/sdb print to list the partitions for the given disk (in my particular case, the disk is /dev/sdb)

Output from lsblk

$ lsblk /dev/sdb
NAME                                                 MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE  MOUNTPOINT
sdb                                                    8:128  0 111,8G  0 disk
├─sdb1                                                 8:129  0   243M  0 part
├─sdb2                                                 8:130  0     1K  0 part
└─sdb5                                                 8:133  0 111,6G  0 part
  └─luks-9cf37a83-e84a-4b85-9bba-7bcbaba8058e (dm-0) 252:0    0 111,6G  0 crypt
    ├─ubuntu-root (dm-1)                             252:1    0 103,7G  0 lvm
    └─ubuntu-swap_1 (dm-2)                           252:2    0   7,9G  0 lvm

Output from parted

$ sudo parted /dev/sdi print
Model: ATA OCZ-AGILITY3 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdi: 120GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos

Number  Start   End    Size   Type      File system  Flags
 1      1049kB  256MB  255MB  primary   ext2         boot
 2      257MB   120GB  120GB  extended
 5      257MB   120GB  120GB  logical


How do I extend mint root partition using a previous un allocated size?

You won't be able to resize any partitions that are actively in use (i.e. the packaged version of Gparted is typically used for changing partitions of external storage devices).

To extend your partition, you should reboot into a live environment. The Gparted project provides one such Debian-based live ISO that is used for this purpose. Simply burn the ISO to any boot-able media:

for CDs use sudo dd if=/path/to/gparted-live-xxxxx.iso of=/dev/sr0

for USB devices use sudo dd if=/path/to/gparted-live-xxxxx.iso of=/dev/sdX, where X is the letter of your particular device. Make sure this is correctly identified. USB devices are usually NOT /dev/sda.

for DVDs use sudo wodim -eject -tao dev=/dev/sr0 /path/to/gparted-live-xxxxx.iso


How to move a window if titlebar is overlapped by Ubuntu menu

press Alt+F7 Then move the mouse, the window will move with it.


Nouveau driver still in use after blacklist

My /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nvidia-nouveau.conf:

blacklist nouveau
options nouveau modeset=0
blacklist nvidiafb

Then,

sudo update-initramfs -u

Ctrl-Alt-F(1-5),

systemctl disable|stop lightdm
apt install xdm

Reboot.

Check nouveau not loaded:

lsmod

apt install nvidia-driver-435

systemctl enable xdm


Cannot access my Ubuntu server on my local network, can remotely

Did you do any sort of firewall configurations on the server-side to ensure that only port 80 was forwarded to the web server?

If so, it's possible you've blocked the SSH port (port 22), or additional network changes (outside of Ubuntu scope) that are going to be very difficult to diagnose without some more feedback.

In short: What changed between yesterday and today?  ;)


I had the same issue and was able to pass that step by adding noapic or acpi=strict (more lax approach to ACPI from kernel) to the GRUB boot loader line:

linux /casper/vmlinuz [...] quiet splash noapic ---

But after this, the boot gets stuck on another kernel panic related to EFI. This you can bypass if you tell the kernel to not start the EFI runtime -strongly not recommended:

linux /casper/vmlinuz [...] quiet splash noapic efi=noruntime ---

But the boot doesn't complete and probably your mac will reboot without finalizing the full boot process.


Where are the default Unity lenses stored?

There are three essential files that compose a lens.

A .lens file stored in /usr/share/unity/lenses. This details the name, icon, and D-Bus address of a lens for Unity.
A .service file stored in /usr/share/dbus-1/services. This points to the location of a lens' query executable; D-Bus will see this executable and act as IPC between it and Unity.
Finally, the executable of your lens may be placed anywhere in the filesystem (you specify where in the .service file), but canonically these are located in /usr/lib.

Look at /usr/share/unity/lenses/video/video.lens, /usr/share/dbus-1/services/unity-lens-video.service, and /usr/lib/unity-lens-video/unity-lens-video for a concrete example of how these files work together.


64-bit Ubuntu Server and Xubuntu alternative install CDs won't install

Try running the memtest. I had the same simptoms, when I had RAM problem.


Will I lose Canon iP2600 printer support if I upgrade to 16.04 from 14.04

Apologies in answering my own question.
However I had installed 16.04 in addition to the existing 14.04 on my PC.
I have in the last 30 minutes found a solution here http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2014/12/canon-driver-scangear-mp-ubuntu-14-04/ that works for my printer on 16.04.


Add Ubuntu live to another ubuntu+windows system

Finally I found grub-customizer which does what I need.


How can I open a link in a terminal window with a double-click action?

You can also hold the Ctrl key and click the link - is the same as right click and select Open Link


Display brightness does not change on the fly

try this to increase and decrease screen brightness

xrandr --current # to get the name of the your laptop's active display
xrandr --output LVDS1 --brightness 1.0 # change from 0.0 to 1.0


Problem downloading image from camera to Shotwell

By far the simplest and most robust way to import images from a digital camera is to buy a USB card reader ($10-$15) and put the SD card in it, then it behaves just like a USB drive, and you can use a normal file manager.
Yes, I know, low-tech and not technically challenging at all and there must be a way to do this the regular way etc., but that's what I've been doing for 17 years now, and it always served me well.
Those MTP protocols that cameras use when directly connected to the PC all have their weird aspects. I avoid them completely.


Unless there's a reason to build from source, you should take the easy way:

apt-cache search iproute2

and then,

sudo apt-get install iproute2 iproute2-doc

Or, you could read the README* files that came with the source, and add parameters to your ./configure.


Using Ubuntu 18.04 with Budgie environment, dock vanished

You probably have uninstalled some packages possibly due to uninstalling packages that these depend upon.

Suggestion here is to reinstall these packages.

sudo apt install --reinstall ubuntu-budgie-desktop budgie-desktop-environment plank

Logout and login.

The standard side dock is called plank. If it doesn't autostart then open budgie-settings and add an autostart for plank.


opensmtpd package installs mysql config files on 18.04

It's been figured out:

The files get installed as part of mysql-common which is a dependency of libmysqlclient20 which is a dependency of opensmtpd-extras which is a recommended-dependency of opensmtpd.

Hence, they will interfere with neither a later- nor earlier apt-get install mysql-server which will simply pull mysql-common in as well.

I've adopted to include --no-install-recommends as part of the apt-get install -no-install-recommends opensmtpd invocation as a working solution since the opensmtpd-extras are not needed afaict.


Is my graphics card supported by Gnome 3?

Unity is implemented as a Compiz plugin, therefore it is just like a standard Compiz effect. Compared to standard Compiz effects, Unity uses quite a few hardware features of the graphics card.
In addition, Compiz has been available on Linux for many years, therefore it is quite mature.

On the other hand, GNOME Shell has Mutter, a new window manager that does not use Compiz. Therefore, there will be differences. Mutter might have some bugs, or it might be even speedier than with Compiz. GNOME Shell cannot do all these Compiz 3D effects such as Cube, because it does not use Compiz.

What you should do is try out both, and look for any debugging messages that may explain performance issues.


Is it possible to convert linux icon themes into windows compatible icon themes?

I have explored this extensively and checked on windows forums and there is no way to do a direct port of this as of right now. It has to be done by hand. Perhaps a developer could write a shell script or program that could automatically make these conversions (which probably wouldn't be too hard on the Linux side of things because of the standardized format of icon themes).

Currently I'm doing this by hand with a Windows app called Icon Packager by Stardock. How to handle windows part I am unsure as I am not a windows developer. I think it could probably be done for a lot of applications using shell scripts and regedit though... hmmmm perhaps.

This link might also be useful if anyone else decides to take up this project. I'm considering doing it myself but I have a few other priorities to finish up first. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/shell/how-to-assign-a-custom-icon-to-a-file-type


Eclipse IDE just show "General" and "CVS" in wizard

It seems you have installed just eclipse-platform. For Java development you need to install:

apt-get install eclipse-jdt


Naufrago! seems to be intended particularly for offline use.


Openstack instanses can't accept floating IP

Thank you for the report!

This is a confirmed bug in juju-core, which you helped discover: https://bugs.launchpad.net/juju-core/+bug/1283866.

It basically means Juju's OpenStack provider is not yet compatible with versions of OpenStack later and including Grizzly (in certain cases). Since part of the current development emphasizes on more customizable networking and better addressability between entities across a Juju environment, your issue is considered a regression and is highly likely it will be fixed in the next stable Juju release (1.18.0).

In the mean time, you could manually or through the OpenStack command-line clients reproduce the suggested fix:

Instead of 2 separate subnets with netmask /24, create them with mask /16.
This way with sufficiently recent OpenStack (likely at least Havana: see here) you could create a router, gateway, assign one to the other and make sure all of them fit in the same /16 netmask. This way you enable floating IP assignment with sequential exhaustion (pick the next available going over and translating to each subnet's IP address).
See also http://openstack.redhat.com/Running_an_instance_with_Neutron


I can confirm this bug. Tried it with two different modems. Every time the modem loses connection, you've got to pull it out, plug it into another USB port (which is kinda difficult with only two ports available) and then then you may reconnect.


Windows "gadgets" equivalent (for wifi and cpu usage)?

Conky

Conky is a desktop application that can show you several pieces of information, from CPU usage, to network traffic, and is completely customizable.

To install, run sudo apt-get install conky conky-all

I would suggest installing Conky Manager to make it easier to configure it:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:teejee2008/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install conky-manager

From here you'll have some basic templates to use, which you can further customize if you want to.

For more information on that, see the Conky Documentation.


You need to put ALL : 192.168.1.0/255.255.254.0 instead. This allows all machines on the local network.


Make sure you install the bootloader to /dev/sda and not /dev/sda1.


Proprietary driver for my laptop k40ab (ATI HD4570)

Your initial idea is correct, you need to install Ubuntu first, and then you can either wait for the Additional Drivers to prompt you or just ask it to install it for you.


How to use an exisiting OpenPGP key from Launchpad

To sign the code of conduct, you need to have the secret key of the key you're signing it with. Launchpad (and other key servers) only store the public key. Therefore, if you don't have the secret key of the key that's registered with your account on Launchpad, you'll need to generate a new key.


Process gets stuck on futex_wait_queue_me()

Regarding the thread

futex_wait_queue_me hanging Firefox under Ubuntu, here is how I solved it.

As someone mentioned turning off asst. technology is suppose to work for the bug, but, for many it does not.  It is because of a feature still turned on by default from the newer v11.04 download.

Go to
assistive tech.
keyboard access
keyboard pref
acc.
keyboard acc. audio feedback
(unclick) beep when acc. features are turned on/off.

Do a new reboot of the system. Problem fixed.

Now, you will see that gvfs-fuse-daemon still has the futex_wait_queue_me listed under channel, but, Firefox is no longer hanging or crashing.

In the FWIW category, I noticed it mostly crashed with pop-ups blocked when the browser went to fetch whatever from google analatics, so, there may be something left over from Chrome's tracking acting as a bug., I don't know. I just started using Ubuntu so I can say without a doubt, I am not an expert. Also, it improved the playback of videos under VCT too where the video went blank.  This probably has to do with the flash player.

The other thing that might be common are people using the Sis630et chip set on older Pentium 4/Celeron systems.

Posting this here because I don't know how to effectively get the word out to save people the hassle, but, this came up near the top of my search for a solution and I wanted to help better great software.


From what I can see, the Ubuntu Wiki is more professional and more officially maintained, with less community articles by just anyone and more articles created by official groups.

It's also a hub for official information about Ubuntu and the related teams (LoCo teams info, Governance & Membership, etc.)

On the other hand, the CommunityHelpWiki is just that. It's a Community wiki intended for helping people with problems, as opposed to providing them with facts. It's also a bit larger, with tutorials being the main focus.


Try gksu amdcccle and change the overscan setting for your monitor. If it doesn't stick after reboot try sudo chmod 444 /etc/ati/amdpcsdb after setting the overscan.

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/AMD_Catalyst may be useful.


Your system missed the update-alternatives binary.
To get it back you have to reinstall dpkg package with:
sudo apt-get install --reinstall dpkg

and then run
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt install -f


Can't connect to wifi nor detect connections

You've added blacklist wl to /etc/modprobe.d/broadcomm-blacklist.conf and brcmsmac to /etc/modprobe.d/broadcomm.conf.

To revert your changes, just remove the lines you've added from the files using sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/broadcomm-blacklist.conf and sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/broadcomm.conf.

sudo nano will open a text editor (nano) as su (superuser/admin). Remove the lines you've added (navigate using your cursor keys), and hit CTRL + X, enter, Y and enter again to save.

Also, are you sure it's "broadcomm" and not "broadcom"?


Is it possible that VLC is for some reason ignoring the config file or recreating it?

What I'm finding is that the config file is setup per user and the below location would be where one could find the file. I'm curious if perhaps that file is getting recreated every time?

Linux / Unix: $(HOME)/.config/vlc/vlcrc (v0.9.0 and above), $(HOME)/.vlc/vlcrc (v0.8 and older)

Source: https://www.videolan.org/support/faq.html#Config


libglut.so.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

You need to install one package:

sudo apt-get install freeglut3

It will install libraries to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglut.so.3 and /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglut.so.3.9.0.

If it does not help try to find shared object dependencies of your application with
ldd application to find its dependencies.
And check application arch (32- or 64-bit) with file application.

If it is 32-bit you should install 32-bit freeglut with:

sudo apt-get install freeglut3:i386 freeglut3-dev:i386


You can use xdg-open to open documents, like so:

xdg-open mydoc.pdf

This has a bonus of being desktop agnostic so it should work regardless of what desktop the user has installed. In GNOME itself gnome-open has been replaced by gvfs-open.

References:

xdg-open info page on portland.freedesktop.org
What is the replacement for gnome-open in GNOME?
xdf-open vs. exo-open


How to add an alias to a command in terminal?

alias new_name='old command'

To create a permanent alias you have to edit the .bashrc file in your home directory.

More info here

More .bashrc files here


There is a difference not so much for performance but for the easier administration.
The layout I usually use for partitioning is:

/
/var
/home
/tmp
swap partition.

I setup /var and /tmp on different mount points in order to keep the root filesystem / clean because /var can get filled by downloaded updates and /tmp can get filled with temporary files and thus causing the system not to run properly.

Also i keep /home on a separate partition because in case of a reinstall I can keep all the personal settings there and after the system is reinstalled the applications can read the settings from there, otherwise you need to backup the data and restore it after reinstall


How to modify the title bar in elementary desktop?

gnome tweak solved the problem. Ubuntu tweak strangely not change the theme of the title bar


why Ubuntu command prompt is not prompting after executing the mail command?

Well, you don't do it this way ;-) Nice try though!

You are using the pipe "|" to write the output of your uuencode command to the input channel (aka. stdin, standard input) of the mail command. You are also using the shell redirection "<" to write the file contents of body.txt to the input channel of you mail command.

This is ambiguous. I am not sure right now, what takes precedence, or how the shell handles the situation. You probably end up with one of the programs asking for input.

Better clarify for the shell, what to do, in what order. I.e. by writing:

(cat body.txt; uuencode text.txt) |mail -s "hai" "abc@gmail.com"

This executes cat (the file printer) and uuencode in one rush (in a subshell to be precise, due to the parenthesis) and pipes the common output to the mail program


Does scp over cp matter when copying to a remote SSH location?

cp /this x@x:x/to-this

will copy file /this to file called x@x:x/to-this in your computer. It will not copy anything to the remote server. Simple cp does not support remote copying.

To copy to the remote server, you need to use scp (or other protocol).


Fix or reset "Automatic Date & Time" in Ubuntu 18.10 on XPS 9570 laptop

I never found the answer for the 18.10 install, but after upgrading to 19.04 Automatic Date & Time started working again.


How do I partition my images for OpenStack?

It really depends on what you need. The LV 'nova-volumes' is used for volumes that can be attached to virtual machines. Like the Amazon EBS, if you plan to use only virtual machines without the need of adding/removing volumes you can keep it small (about 50-100 gb) else you need to increase the size.

Other storage paths are /var/lib/nova/instances for instances disk and /var/lib/glance/images for server images and snapshots.

About the network configuration it seems correct, depends if you have multiple machines to work with or all in one.


Right-CTRL key not supported in Kubuntu 14.04?

I had the same problem with Ubuntu 14.04, using the "French (alternative)" layout (which probably stands for "Français (variante)". The issue seems to originate from a bug in xkb.

I could solve it without changing the layout and without remapping keys.

Follow these steps:

Open /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/fr as administrator.
Find the line include "level5(rctrl_switch)" and remove it or comment it out. (Commenting out is done by adding // at the beginning of the line.)
Save the changes
Delete all the .xkm files in /var/lib/xkb (or move them to another folder). This will force to rebuild xkb.
Reboot.

This blog post (in French), addresses the problem and points to this bug entry which helped me figure out the solution.

I hope it will help a lot of French *ubuntu users.


GRUB installed on /dev/sda1, "no such partition" after image restoration

Problem solved with the command:

sudo grub-install /dev/sda1 --force

--force was the critical missing piece of the puzzle.


You can right click at the desired video file then choose "Proprieties" > "Open with" the "VLC".

Also you can edit mimeapps.list at ~/.local/share/applications and add:

video/dv=vlc.desktop;
video/mpeg=vlc.desktop;
video/x-mpeg=vlc.desktop;
video/msvideo=vlc.desktop;
video/quicktime=vlc.desktop;
video/x-anim=vlc.desktop;
video/x-avi=vlc.desktop;
video/x-ms-asf=vlc.desktop;
video/x-ms-wmv=vlc.desktop;
video/x-msvideo=vlc.desktop;
video/x-nsv=vlc.desktop;
video/x-flc=vlc.desktop;
video/x-fli=vlc.desktop;
application/ogg=vlc.desktop;
application/x-ogg=vlc.desktop;
application/x-matroska=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-mp3;audio/x-mpeg=vlc.desktop;
audio/mpeg;audio/x-wav=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-mpegurl=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-scpls=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-m4a=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-ms-asf=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-ms-asx=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-ms-wax=vlc.desktop;
application/vnd.rn-realmedia=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-real-audio=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-pn-realaudio=vlc.desktop;
application/x-flac=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-flac=vlc.desktop;
application/x-shockwave-flash=vlc.desktop;
misc/ultravox;audio/vnd.rn-realaudio=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-pn-aiff;audio/x-pn-au=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-pn-wav=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-pn-windows-acm=vlc.desktop;
image/vnd.rn-realpix=vlc.desktop;
video/vnd.rn-realvideo=vlc.desktop;
audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin=vlc.desktop;
application/x-extension-mp4=vlc.desktop;
audio/mp4;video/mp4=vlc.desktop;
video/mp4v-es=vlc.desktop;
x-content/video-vcd=vlc.desktop;
x-content/video-svcd=vlc.desktop;
x-content/video-dvd=vlc.desktop;
x-content/audio-cdda=vlc.desktop;
x-content/audio-player=vlc.desktop;
video/x-flv=vlc.desktop;

Reference: 1.


The code server is listening on 127.0.0.1, which means it will only be accessible from inside the VPS. If you want it to be accessible from the outside world, you could use a reverse proxy like nginx, or port-forwarding. There is a good guide here.

Here is a brief guide on how to do the port-forwarding with SSH:

While logged in to your VPS by SSH, press Enter ~ C
Type -R127.0.0.1:8443:127.0.0.1:8443 and press enter
The code-server will now be accessible on the machine you are connecting from by SSH at 127.0.0.1:8443


I used to have this problem. First of all, disable any PPAs you don't use or need. Second, open the Software and Updates application and pick the "Download from" drop-down menu. Then pick "Other", and "Select best server" option.


Clicking on a mounted drive on the launcher doesn't open it

Just click the icon in the launcher, don't right-click it. nautilus, the default filebrowser in 11.10, should open.


Trying to install Java JDK from their SE Downloads page. Don't know how to use tar.gz

You can extract the tar.gz file as a root :

 cd /usr/local
 tar xzf <the tar.gz file>

and update PATH and JAVA_HOME variable (be aware of your JDK version):

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.7.0_13
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

more info here


Cannot verify certificate, sha256sum's are failing, recently updated openssl

Get the current directory used by OpenSSL:

openssl version -d

Copy all the old certs to the current directory. Usual old directory is /etc/ssl/certs:

cp -P /etc/ssl/certs /usr/local/ssl/certs


Paste helper - select text to paste from dropdown list

You could use zenity:
Put this in a script and add as keyboard shortcut:
#!/bin/bash
zenity --list --title="Copy to cliboard" --column=Name --column=Value --print-column=2 \
  "Bank No." "12345678" \
  "Drivers License" "AQ86VC123856"  \
| xclip -selection c


Why do windows disappear after entering seamless mode in VirtualBox?

Not sure if this was the direct cause of this issue, but I had just updated to VB 5.1.2 and that seemed to be causing some issues. They have a separate download for Guest Additions for Linux guests that might have solved this issue. Instead, I downloaded a slightly older version and that worked for me.


Following these three steps, Steam launches now from Show Applications list in gnome.

/usr/bin/steam --reset
find ~/.local/share/Steam/ \( -name "libgcc_s.so*" -o -name "libstdc++.so*" \) -print -delete
~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam


Why did Ubuntu skip letters in the 1st four release names for Ubuntu?

After the first four it made sense to go in order.

  For all of our sanity we are going to try to keep these names alphabetical after Breezy. We might skip letters, and we'll have to wrap eventually. But the naming convention is here for a while longer, at least. The possibilities are endless. Gregarious Gnu? Antsy Aardvark? Phlegmatic Pheasant? You send 'em, we'll consider 'em.
  - Mark Shuttleworth

So if you look at things like the infrastructure, Launchpad, etc. it's easy to see what "order" things were released in when they're in alphabetical order. If we skipped around it'd be impossible to tell what came before and after what.

At the time it also became easier to reference the future animal as a letter without having to know exactly what it was called, so we could do things like schedule the developer summit under "uds-m" (for example).


How to set mplayer as the default video application in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS?

Right click the file you want associated to mplayer I am assuming a Video File then > Select Properties > Select Open With Tab > and choose Mplayer


Try to edit grub | How to make entry boot to Windows 10 rightly?

First, you say you see the following message when you try to boot Windows:

EFI invalid ...

Is that exactly what you see, or are you omitting something and replacing it with the elipsis (...)? If the latter, please report the complete error message you see, since it may contain important information. Also, are you getting this message when you launch your customized entry or another one that was created automatically?

Second, it's possible that you're running into this bug. If so, the easiest workaround is to disable Secure Boot on your computer. Other alternatives include using another distribution's GRUB (OpenSUSE's is said to work) or using my rEFInd instead of GRUB.

Third, your GRUB Customizer screen shot shows what looks like an entry for launching Windows in BIOS mode; but your GParted screen shot indicates a GPT disk, which in turn means that Windows must be booting in EFI mode. Thus, your BIOS-mode entry simply will not work. The GRUB configuration scripts should detect the EFI-mode Windows boot loader, so there should be no need to create a custom entry. Typing sudo update-grub should re-run the setup script. That might pick up your Windows boot loader.

Finally, if GRUB's setup scripts are not detecting Windows, it could be that your EFI System Partition (ESP; your /dev/sda2, which should be mounted at /boot/efi in Ubuntu) is damaged. This often happens because of a failure to disable Fast Startup in Windows. See here for information on how to do this. Note that you may also need to disable hibernation, as described here.


How do I install and configure Huawei mobile broadband usb modem?

@user154753 just download the package from here and install it manually http://namakutux.blogspot.in/2012/07/bam-huawei-mobile-partner-for-linux.html


Webcam's LED indicator turns on by itself. Ubuntu 18.04

Only solution that works for me is to install some app for webcam, i installed app called "Cheese". Than when LED indicator is on just open Cheese app and close it. LED indicator should go off as soon as you close Cheese app. I know it is not the best solution but it will do the job for now.


Note: grive and grive-tools look kind of old. Use them with caution.

Note: you might review grive2 at https://github.com/vitalif/grive2

You cite two different PPA's.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grive

Should work fine for grive. If you're getting errors there, please articulate what the error messages say.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:thefanclub/grive-tools
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grive-tools

To fix the grive-tools problem will require you to open the Software & Updates application, go to the "Other Software" tab, find the ppa for thefanclub, edit it, and change the Ubuntu version from Xenial to Vivid. Note: I don't know if the process is very different in xubuntu.

Then do:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grive-tools


What I did was: delete the old telegram folder from the download one then downloaded again from the telegram web site and now it works.


What format should my storage hard drive be?

You can use FAT32 for the data storage that you use between both operating systems. This way you avoid some complication between both (Like permissions, frozen states and so on). But the two issues with FAT32 are:

4GB File Size Limitation - This will depend on your use for it, but there is a limitation of 4GB file size for FAT32 partitions. This means, you can't have a file in a FAT32 partition that is 4GB or bigger (Well 4.2GB to be exact).
Partition Limitation Size - Your partitions can't be bigger than 2TB. This means that if the hard drive in total is 2TB, you have no problem, but if it's bigger, you will need to create more partitions, each one with 2TB of size.

Apart from this, you also have NTFS but Windows 10 might want to take control of it through the permission system. I have heard of cases where the hibernating effect in Windows 10 also affects other hard drives with NTFS. You would need to take care that this does not happen to your other hard drive. One way would be, instead of partitioning your hard drive with Windows 10, you would use gparted on Ubuntu. Partition your sharing hard drive to NTFS and that should, in theory, let you share between both systems the same way as FAT32.

So basically you have FAT32 (Less issues but with the limitations mentioned above) and NTFS.


I had some problems extracting Kiwix files but finally figured out that NTFS file system simply didn't allow for proper extracting. It worked on ext4 for me. Other than that, to install Kiwix try this:

1. Go to https://www.kiwix.org/en/downloads/kiwix-reader/
Assuming you need 64 bit version, click on "KIWIX Reader for GNU/Linux – 64 bit binaries" to download compressed file (kiwix-0.9-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2)

2. Right click on the file and extract (MAKE SURE THE TARGET FOLDER IS LOCATED ON HARD DRIVE WITH ext4 FILE SYSTEM, NOT NTFS)

3. All done! You just need to go to Kiwix directory (folder) and run (double click) kiwix file to run it.

(Tip)
Your Home folder should be installed on an ext4 file system (by default when you installed Ubuntu), you may extract it there (in a folder on your desktop, for example). Libraries (which are large) you can download on other hard drive.


What is the difference between Hibernate and Suspend

Suspend does not turn off your computer. It puts the computer and all peripherals on a low power consumption mode. If the battery runs out or the computer turns off for some reason, the current session and unsaved changes will be lost.

Hibernate saves the state of your computer to the hard disk and completely powers off. When resuming, the saved state is restored to RAM.


Installing OpenCV4 on Ubuntu can be achieved in two ways:

Through pre-built binaries which are already available in Ubuntu repositories
By compiling it from the source

Section - I: Installing through pre-built Binaries

You need to install the python-opencv package using the command:

$ sudo apt-get install python-opencv

Open Python IDLE (or IPython) and execute the following codes in Python terminal:

import cv2 as cv
print(cv.__version__)

Note: - In here, you might not get the latest version. With respect to Python API, the latest version will always contain much better support and latest bug fixes.

So, if you wish to get the latest source codes, compile the source. Let's head over to the next section.

Section - II: Compiling from Source

Installing Required Dependencies: We would use CMake to configure the installation, GCC for compilation, and lastly both the Python-devel and Numpy for building Python bindings etc. Here are the commands:

sudo apt-get install cmake
sudo apt-get install python-devel numpy
sudo apt-get install gcc gcc-c++

We also require GTK support for GUI features, Camera support (libv4l), Media Support (ffmpeg, gstreamer) etc. Execute the commands as follows:

sudo apt-get install gtk2-devel
sudo apt-get install libv4l-devel
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg-devel
sudo apt-get install gstreamer-plugins-base-devel

Installing Optional Dependencies: It's not a mandate to install these dependencies. It totally depends on your requirements. In case you wish to install, execute these commands:

sudo apt-get install libpng-devel
sudo apt-get install libjpeg-turbo-devel
sudo apt-get install jasper-devel
sudo apt-get install openexr-devel
sudo apt-get install libtiff-devel
sudo apt-get install libwebp-devel

Download OpenCV from the Github repository. Install Git using the commands:

$ sudo apt-get install git
$ git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git

You will get a new folder - opencv in your current directory. Cloning might take some time, so have patience. Once done, open a new terminal window and navigate to the latest downloaded "opencv" folder. Create a new build folder and navigate to it:

$ mkdir build
$ cd build

Configuration & Installation: Having all dependencies, we can finally install OpenCV. The installation has to be configured with CMake as it specifies which modules are to be installed, installation path, which additional libraries to be used, whether documentation and examples to be compiled etc. Most of this work is done automatically with well-configured default parameters.

You can use the following command to configure OpenCV library build (executed from build folder):

$ cmake ../

Note: OpenCV defaults assume "Release" build type and installation path is "/usr/local".

While the execution process is ON, you might notice these lines in your CMake output indicating that Python is properly found:

--   Python 2:
--     Interpreter:                 /usr/bin/python2.7 (ver 2.7.6)

--     Libraries:                   /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython2.7.so (ver 2.7.6)

--     numpy:                       /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include (ver 1.8.2)

--     packages path:               lib/python2.7/dist-packages

--

--   Python 3:
--     Interpreter:                 /usr/bin/python3.4 (ver 3.4.3)
--     Libraries:                   /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.4m.so (ver 3.4.3)
--     numpy:                       /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/numpy/core/include (ver 1.8.2)
--     packages path:               lib/python3.4/dist-packages

Once done, you need to build the files using make command and install it using make install command:

$ make

# sudo make install

Your OpenCV is installed. You can find all your files in the "/usr/local/" folder. Open a terminal and try import "cv2":

import cv2 as cv
print(cv.__version__)

Section - III: Creating a C++ program

Execute the following commands:

$ mkdir cpp_test

$ cd cpp_test

$ touch main.cpp

The above commands will create a folder called "cpp_test" and will also create a "main.cpp file" inside it.
Now place any .jpeg image inside the cpp_test folder.So Now your cpp_test folder will contain two files:

Your Sample.jpeg file
Main.cpp file

Now open your "Main.cpp" file and type the below given C++ program:

Once done, you need to compile your code using the following command:

  g++ main.cpp -o output pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv

Note: Do include the ` given in the above command. Its a part of it.

Post compilation, run your C++ program using the command:

$ ./output


Windows doesn't install Ubuntu software. This is most certainly not something that happens often. My experience has been that it happens never, and it is impossible as Windows doesn't even recognize Linux file-systems.

The only possibilities that come to my mind is that either:

You are mistaken
You've installed The Ubuntu Userspace for Windows Developers and possibly Microsoft released a patch related to that

Note that while The Ubuntu Userspace for Windows can run ELF binaries (or so I've heard) it is not Ubuntu.


Since this bug report has not been updated in a while, I have downloaded dotnet40 through winetricks, and my program now works.

$ wget http://winetricks.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/src/winetricks
$ bash winetricks dotnet40 corefonts

Source

Note that I had to try dotnet45, which failed to run my program. It seems there is a necessity to have the proper framework, rather than just the highest one available.


How can I get optimized, non-stripped versions of libc and vmlinuz?

By policy, Ubuntu builds everything with debugging symbols enabled, and then we strip these symbols out of the binary packages. For almost all users, these symbols are wasted space, and for some things this can be a significant amount of wasted space and download time. For example, Firefox and LibreOffice have nearly a gig of debugging symbols, and you'll have noticed that the kernel debug symbols are hundreds of megabytes.

For the small number of people who need these symbols - and when you need them, you really need them - we take all the debugging symbols out of the binary packages and stick them in a -dbgsym package. See Debugging Program Crash for how to get at the dbgsym repository.

Some packages don't have a -dbgsym package. Mostly these are packages which have a -dbg package already, or don't have any debugging symbols from the build - either because they don't actually have any executable code, or (sometimes) because of a build bug.


Why does root take ownership of my files?

You can not change the owner as root without superuser permissions.  Probably you downloaded the file as superuser or  you ran make command as superuser.

Anyway, if you want to change the owner of the files, type (change username with yours):

sudo chown -R username:username /path/to/change