Is it worth restricting the apt sources file to use amd64 packages only in a server install?

An amd64 server installation does not have any i386 package installed by default. After that, i386 packages are installed if and only if the administrator installed them for some reason or other. Restricting your sources to amd64 packages will cause problems if and only if you require i386 packages; nobody can guess whether that is the case.


How Ubuntu decides where to position newly opened windows? Seems random to me?

CompizConfig Settings Manager (should be installed by default) allows for the following options (and has "smart" as the default):

Cascade
Starts near but not at the top-left corner. Following windows go in a column downwards, the left edges aligned, until the vertical space is consumed. The next columns start at the same vertical position as the first window, unless this window is taller than the first window in the previous column, in which case it starts at the same vertical position as a lower window in the previous column.
Centered
Every single window starts perfectly centered in the screen, all on top of each other.
Smart
Each window goes as far towards the top-left corner as it can, without covering any other windows. If there is no empty space big enough to hold it, it goes wherever it covers the most empty space (the desktop) and the least other windows possible.
Maximized
Random
Pointer


Divide a A3 document in two A4 documents

Surprisingly simple:

sudo apt install pdfposter
pdfposter -s1 a3-input.pdf a4-output.pdf

pdfposter defaults to output to A4 by default (see man pdfposter for other options). All we have to do is tell it not to scale (with -s1) and it'll figure things out for itself.

Note that you'll need a printer that can print right up to the edges.


How can I remove the shadows from the unity panel?

For 11.04 and 11.10:

Replace /usr/share/unity/3/panel-shadow.png with an invisible image.


Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu installation black screen

You have a graphics card issue. More specifically the "Radeon HD 8670M" is your culprit. Hybrid graphics cards for mobile have not played well with Ubuntu in the past. Luckily, many people have this issue. Here is one fix in this thread. If it doesn't work out for you, just google "Radeon HD 8670M ubuntu" or anything of the source and you will find tons of information.

Here is a launchpad thread with similar issue

This is a very generic solution

Good luck! My only wish is that everything worked out of box.


I experience almost the same problem. I have this on my alsamixer v1.0.25
Card: HD-Audio Generic
Chip: Realtek ID 887
View: F5 [All] have 4 columns Master, PCM, Capture and Digital

I have Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 32bit. Using onboard sound card


Problem creating a script using Rss for total consumption memory

I'd do it using ps (see man ps) and Gnu sleep (see sleep --help):

# A way to exit the loop - anyone (any other `$USER` process) can rm /tmp/keepgoing
# output in /tmp/logfile
touch /tmp/keepgoing
while [[ -f /tmp/keepgoing ]] ; do
    # $ echo "$(date) $(date '+%N') $(ps -C firefox -o rss= )"
    # Mon Nov 21 19:42:48 EST 2016 185862805 538264
    echo "$(date) $(date '+%N') $(ps -C firefox -o rss= )" >>/tmp/logfile
    /bin/sleep 0.5
done

start that going in 1 terminal window, then use xargs (see man xargs) to feed in your list of URLs in another terminal window:

xargs -n 1 /usr/bin/firefox -new-tab </tmp/list-of-URLs.txt

Wait until all the firefox tabs have finished loading, then:

pkill -9 firefox
rm /tmp/keepgoing


Where is the "Configuration" dialog in Gnote?

I am using Gnote in Linux Mint (LMDE), PopOS 20.10, Ubuntu 20.10 and 18.04LTS. In all versions you can find the synchronisation configuration dialogue under the "hamburger" menu - Preferences - Synchronization tab. You have to be in the main windows of Gnote, i.e. the one listing your notes, not editing a note.


Rsync to mtp mounted android does not work

Not sure if you need a rooted device for this (I only run rooted LineageOS and am not familiar with other flavours).  In LineageOS, /system/xbin/rsync exists by default, else, connect your phone to your PC and start a terminal and execute all of the commands below in the PC's terminal:

sudo apt install wget adb
wget -O rsync.bin http://github.com/pts/rsyncbin/raw/master/rsync.rsync4android
adb push rsync.bin /data/local/tmp/rsync
adb shell chmod 755 /data/local/tmp/rsync
adb shell cp /data/local/tmp/rsync /sdcard/rsync.bin
adb shell /data/local/tmp/rsync --version

create a configuration file

adb shell 'exec >/sdcard/rsyncd.conf && echo gid = 0 && echo uid = 0 && echo address = 127.0.0.1 && echo port = 1873 && echo "[root]" && echo path = / && echo use chroot = false && echo read only = false'

start the rsync daemon on the device

# on regular Android
adb shell /data/local/tmp/rsync --daemon --no-detach --config=/sdcard/rsyncd.conf --log-file=/proc/self/fd/2
# on LineageOS
adb shell rsync --daemon --no-detach --config=/sdcard/rsyncd.conf --log-file=/proc/self/fd/2

on a different shell window, start port forwarding

adb forward tcp:6010 tcp:1873

happy copying

rsync -av --progress --stats --partial rsync://localhost:6010/root/sdcard/DCIM .


ubuntu 12.04 usb audio card roland duo-capture not recognized

As seen here, flick the little switch on the bottom marked EXT from * to **. No idea what this means but the device will now be recognised and work in Ubuntu.


Netflix (native on chrome) has black screen, season video thumbnails are improperly aligned on the left, audio still plays

The Solution (working on Chrome stable, not beta):

1. Navigate to "chrome://flags"
2. Find "Experiments" header (it's the first one at the time of this post)
3. Find "Disable accelerated 2D canvas"
4. Enable the option (disabling the acceleration)
5. Done

Side Note:
I don't know if its related, but I began experiencing these problems after an apt update/upgrade run I did on the day of this post.


Display Port monitor not detected Ubuntu 14.04 - VGA ok - Intel GC

I found a possible solution to my problem.

I just went here:
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack#Ubuntu_14.04_LTS_-_Trusty_Tahr

And followed the instructions to do the Ubuntu LTS enablement (also called HWE or Hardware Enablement) stack.

For Ubuntu 14.04 (my version) I just did

 sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-lts-xenial xserver-xorg-core-lts-xenial xserver-xorg-lts-xenial xserver-xorg-video-all-lts-xenial xserver-xorg-input-all-lts-xenial libwayland-egl1-mesa-lts-xenial

For Ubuntu 16.04 you should do

sudo apt-get install --install-recommends linux-generic-hwe-16.04 xserver-xorg-hwe-16.04

I just did that command, rebooted and the monitor were detected without any problem. This is my highly suggested solution. Read more about it on the link above.

I hope this will help someone else with the same problem


Tools to flash the firmware from terminal/gui

First, a word of caution, if there is a problem updating your bios or if you make a mistake you might render you computer inoperable / unbootable. I highly advise you start by confirming with your vendor that a bios update is advisable.

Second, some vendors, such as Dell, offer Linux options.

http://linux.dell.com/wiki/index.php/Repository/firmware

If your vendor only offers a .exe , if at all possible, I would run it from Windows.

There are 3 alternates available to you if you do not run windows:

Biosdisk (Dell)
Flashrom
Freedos

Biosdisk

You will have to download and install biosdisk from here

You then extract the archive and install it

tar xvf biosdisk-git-06112010.tar.gz
cd biosdisk

sudo ./install.sh

You can then make a .deb with

biosdisk mkpkg /path/to/bios_update.exe

Flashrom

Flashrom is in the ubuntu repositories and supported hardware is listed here

sudo apt-get install flashrom

Make a backup of your current BIOS

sudo flashrom -r backup.bin

Install a new BIOS

sudo flashrom -w new_bios.bin

FreeDOS

Freedos can be installed to a flash drive with unetbootin. You then boot from the flash drive and use the DOS command line to run your bios .exe

The Arch Linux Wiki has a page with additional detail on all these tools.


Having problem to reopen Skype while running?

As @zalgo proposed, the solution is to run sudo apt-get install sni-qt:i386 and then restart your computer.


Search text within multiple pdfs and docs

Recoll is probably the most versatile document search engine you will find on Linux:

It supports a plethora of different formats and is very customizable.

For installation instructions and other pointers please check out this answer. The official documentation is very useful, too.


I wouldn't bother trying to get rEFInd installed at all, you would probably break the EFI on the MacBook and brick it.

First you need to shrink your current macOS partition to give yourself space to install Ubuntu. You should be able to use Disk Manager in macOS to do that.

To dual boot the MacBook, hold the Option key down whilst you turn it on. You should then be able to boot from the USB drive and install Ubuntu onto the HDD/SSD.

At that stage is when you define your Username, Password etc.


How do I configure apt-get to use a Pac file for a proxy?

I do not know if APT is able to use a PAC file directly but you can (with quite a bit of work/understanding) extract the relevant proxy information from the PAC file itself and use this information to configure APT to use a HTTP proxy.

The PAC file essentially consists of a JavaScript function. The return statement (one or more) of the function returns the proxy server address and port, for example:

return "PROXY proxy.some.site:8080; DIRECT";

Just look at your PAC file by entering its address in a browser. With this information you can create an APT configuration file:

sudo gedit /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/proxy

You should modify the file so that it contains the following information:

Acquire::http::Proxy "http://proxy.some.site:8080";

Save the file and the next apt-get run should use the configured proxy setting.

It would be nice if APT could work with PAC files because we also use them in our company. Perhaps somebody else knows if/how it works...

The Ubuntu Wiki Page for AptGet also has some hints how to configure a proxy for APT.

See also https://superuser.com/questions/323488/ubuntu-system-wide-proxy-auto-configuration-pac-script


I cannot answer why this is happening but there are a few things you can do to either resolve the issue or upgrade the packages to the newest version.

First, run the following command to clear your cache and upgrade:

sudo apt clean
sudo apt update
sudo apt dist-upgrade

If that does not work, run the following commands to explicitly install the packages (however, be careful to read the changes before you accept the changes because the system may want to uninstall some packages and this may not be what you want to do):

sudo apt install python3-distutils python3-gdbm python3-lib2to3 python3-tk

Now, if you run into an impossible situation or if there is a problem with dependencies, please edit your question and post the errors. Thanks!

UPDATE

Run the following command to see what version of python3 is installed and then try the installation again:

sudo apt install python3
sudo apt install python3-distutils python3-gdbm python3-lib2to3 python3-tk

If you still have the problem it is because the ppa or extra repository you are using has not published the required version of python3 yet. Most likely, the extra version will be available soon.


how do i make my website accessible to the internet without a static ip and from a virtual machine?

Short answer: You can't

Long answer: The only way that I know is using a dynamic dns server, but AFAIK there is no free dynamic dns that will work with a custom domain name. And the solution is so cheese that paying for a fixed IP is much more reasonable.

Normal DNS will never work, as usually your IP will change faster than dns propagation.

In any case you will need to put your public IP (113.193.56.198 now) in a browser(1) to access your site and this is what you should put in "points to" in the domain page.

(1) To make this work in your LAN you will need to meddle with DNS settings and host files. You can try it from outside you LAN, usually the easiest way to test it is to disconnect your phone from your wifi (if it is connected) and try from it.


14.04 Wifi disconnects every 10 seconds or so

You can try this it might help it might not.

Open dash, find network connections (not just network), highlight your connection and choose forget then close the window, now open the one just called network, with the orange folder icon (there are two) and choose your connection from the list, click the little arrow next to it and this will allow you to manually configure your network.

Make sure you check your password and use the correct formatting eg upper and lower case letters.


Configure the LXC/LXD network bridge after uppgrading from 15.10 to 16.04

After the upgrade change the lxd bridge to the one used in the 15.10 config.

/etc/default/lxd-bridge

USE_LXD_BRIDGE="false"
LXD_BRIDGE="bridgeID"

In my case the network adapter name changed from eth1 to eth0 during the upgrade. If you don't get an IP address, edit the config of the container to match the interface name used in the container.

lxc config edit containername


Fortunately this isn’t too difficult:
sudo ufw allow proto tcp from 83.6.0.0/16 to 83.6.255.255 port 80
sudo ufw allow proto tcp from 83.9.0.0/16 to 83.9.255.255 port 80

Be sure to change the port value to the one you actually want, and the same with tcp.


CMake finds incorrect headers for python libs 3.8 under 20.04

After some digging around, I realized that find_package(PythonLibs) is deprecated since CMake 3.12 (coincides with my upgrade to 20.04). Using find_package(Python 3.8 COMPONENTS Interpreter Development) instead finds the correct headers.


If you wish to install the latest version of Django globally, a better option is to use pip, the Python package manager. First, you need to install the pip package manager. Refresh your apt package index:

sudo apt-get update

Now you can install pip. If you plan on using Python version 3, install using the following commands:

sudo apt-get install python3-pip

Now that you have pip, we can easily install Django. If you are using Python 3, you can type:

sudo pip3 install django

You can verify that the installation was successful by typing:

django-admin --version
1.7.5

The Source.


seahorse: How do I view the Login Keyring?

Try this, it did the trick for me:

Open the Passwords & Keys application
Go to the "View" menu
Click on the "Show All" option at the bottom

For Ubuntu 20.04 and later this would be the three vertical dots menu button at the top right.

If this does not work, try the solution provided at https://askubuntu.com/a/936982/32968. I tried that first but it did not change anything for me.


How do I modify filenames in a folder using a bash script?

A basic example of how to monitor files in a folder with systemd.path (in this case /opt/download).
/etc/systemd/system/download-monitor.path:
[Unit]
Description=Download Monitor

[Path]
PathExistsGlob=/opt/download/UTF8\"*

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Next, we need to create a .service file with the same basename as the .path file.
/etc/systemd/system/download-monitor.service:
[Unit]
Description=Download Monitor

[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/bin/filecheck.sh

Last the Exec script file.
/opt/bin/filecheck.sh:
#!/bin/bash

shopt -s nullglob extglob

# systemd.path does not pass what changed so we
# rename all .docx and .ppt files starting with
# UTF8\" in the $a folder.
a=/opt/download
for b in $a/UTF8\"*@(.docx|.ppt); do
    c="$a/${b#$a/UTF8\"}"
    mv "$b" "$c" && deurlname "$c"
done

The deurlname command is found in the renameutils package.
Now we can enable and start our path monitor:
$ systemctl enable download-monitor.path
$ systemctl start  download-monitor.path


Direct network traffic through one connection+proxy, except for a whitelist

If I understand your requirements correctly, then you are making your life harder than it needs to be.  It's actually your "ugly extra" which makes this simple: you are not looking for network routing, but for http/https proxying.

Just define a manual proxy (via the network settings panel), and put the domain names you want to "whitelist" in the exceptions.  This will make the non-proxied URLs go through your default gateway (see output of ip route), and the proxied ones via the proxy.


20.04 upgrade from 19.10 stopped. Unidentified error occured

Since you've reverted to backup for now before you try again you can watch for known upgrade problems at the wiki page for Focal (20.04) release and at Launchpad list of upgrader bugs. The best course of action would be, of course, trying to figure out what exactly had gone wrong if you have time for that.


You can try to add a menuentry to /etc/grub.d/40_custom. Keep the header with exec tail ..., otherwise it won't work.
menuentry "External drive on (hd1) [hd{0,1,2,3} edit if necessary]" {
        insmod part_msdos
        insmod part_gpt
        insmod fat
        insmod ext2
        set root='(hd1)'
        drivemap -s (hd0) ${root}
        chainloader +1
}

Then run
sudo update-grub

and when you reboot there should be a menuentry to boot whatever is in a USB port.
Edit 1:
After a dialogue in the comment field, I suggest that you try to boot into your external HDD in BIOS mode. (This means that you need a way to make the computer boot in BIOS mode. either from a temporary menu or via a setting in the UEFI/BIOS system.)
Edit 2:
After more feedback I understand that we must skip the alternative with BIOS boot.
If you have Ubuntu installed in the external drive, and you have another instance of Ubuntu in the internal drive, it should be possible to boot into Ubuntu in the internal drive and run sudo update-grub, when the external drive is connected, to get a specific menuentry for Ubuntu in the external drive. This is likely to work. The same method should work also for the Ubuntu flavours (Kubuntu, Lubuntu ... Xubuntu), and maybe also for other linux distros.


How can I change the Desktop folder path?

You can set the path to the desktop directory in the ~/.config/user-dirs.dirs file:

# This file is written by xdg-user-dirs-update
# If you want to change or add directories, just edit the line you're
# interested in. All local changes will be retained on the next run
# Format is XDG_xxx_DIR="$HOME/yyy", where yyy is a shell-escaped
# homedir-relative path, or XDG_xxx_DIR="/yyy", where /yyy is an
# absolute path. No other format is supported.
#
XDG_DESKTOP_DIR="$HOME/Desktop"
XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$HOME/Downloads"
XDG_TEMPLATES_DIR="$HOME/"
XDG_PUBLICSHARE_DIR="$HOME/Public"
XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="$HOME/Documents"
XDG_MUSIC_DIR="$HOME/Music"
XDG_PICTURES_DIR="$HOME/Pictures"
XDG_VIDEOS_DIR="$HOME/Videos"


No visible performance increase with Radeon 5450 and OSource drivers

Remove the current drivers and run glxgears in the command-line for testing purposes and remember to write down the FPS info for comparison.

Install the official drivers for Linux (it supports your GPU model). Run glxgears again and compare your results with the previous test. If everything went smooth you should be having higher FPS now.

If this didn't worked, you can check the following thread: Can't install ATI proprietary drivers in 12.10


Number of cores displayed in System Monitor

It's the limitation of the System Monitor. The library used by the application has maximum number of cores set to a limit of 32 cores. You can read about this here.


How can I move a boot partition onto a Flash drive?

Even if it is a flash drive and not ram ( therefore, it remembers its contents when you shut down ), 250 mb is insufficient to install the system to, so no.


This is due to the spaces being escaped. \ is the escape character in the bash shell, used in Linux systems, and therefore Ubuntu.

Linux filenames are not really designed to contain spaces, and some other special characters. This is because a lot of Linux/Unix commands use spaces to mark the end of parameters. The escape character is used to stop these special characters having their special meanings, where it isn't desired.


Swap vertical and horizontal scroll axis

For swapping vertical scroll axis you just have to enable the natural scrolling. You can find it under settings -> devices -> mouse and touchpad. In 17.04 this option inverted the horizontal scroll axis too, but if you have the 18.04 it does not seems to work at the moment.


Can't get past login screen after 14.04 kernel update

I solved the problem by following this post from the bugs launchpad. In summary:

Run the following command and look for the vermagic line:

modinfo nvidia-384 -k 4.4.0-116-generic

  It will probably say: vermagic: 4.4.0-116-generic SMP mod_unload modversions. Here the retpoline string is missing.
  You can fix this by removing and re-building the module with DKMS

sudo dkms remove nvidia-384/384.111 -k 4.4.0-116-generic
sudo dkms install nvidia-384/384.111 -k 4.4.0-116-generic

  After that the modinfo command will show vermagic: 4.4.0-116-generic SMP mod_unload modversions retpoline

If you are using custom version of gcc this post is also relevant:

  If you are using a Ubuntu version of gcc, then gcc probably updated when you got the newer kernel. The changes to gcc necessary to support retpoline should have been backported to most active versions of gcc. However if you have installed a custom version of gcc then your kernel module probably will not build correctly.

So if the above procedure does not work you may have to check which gcc version you are using.


How to get Intel 18265 Wifi Card working on Lenovo X1 Carbon running Ubuntu 16.04

I had a simiar problem, except that wifi never worked for me, even using the USB drive. What worked for me was changing kernel to the most recent one that I found available using

apt-cache search linux-image-extra

I changed kernel using the following commands:

sudo apt-get install linux-image-4.11.0-14-generic linux-headers-4.11.0-14-generic linux-image-extra-4.11.0-14-generic

(But using the commands suggested in another comment here

sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo service network-manager restart

did fix my bluetooth, so thanks!)


Xscreensaver

XScreenSaver is the standard screen saver collection shipped on most Linux and Unix systems

Installation:

$ sudo apt-get install xscreensaver

For extra screensaver:

$ sudo apt-get install xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl-extra

You also need to replace genome-screensaver with xscreensaver. Here is the article on how to replace it.


Maximize and undecorate all apps in Xubuntu

You can go someway towards this with the package maximus available from synaptic/software center
maximus
The image below shows maximising windows in Xubuntu using maximus.

To test, start maximus via
nohup maximus &

One issue I found with maximus under XFCE (xubuntu 11.04) - Windows will start maximised but not undecorated - you need to click the maximise button twice.
Use the Q&A below to add the command line above to your XFCE/Xubuntu startup applications.

Linked Question:

Modify xfce startup applications


How to read the password for my profile?

Use these steps to set a new root password.
Steps:

Boot into recovery mode. Hold down the shift key or esc to see the grub menu while rebooting your system.

Select the Advanced recovery mode from the GRUB menu and then recovery mode on the next screen that appears.

On the next screen select Drop to root shell prompt

At the root shell prompt do the following:

Remount the root partition with "read/write" access with the following command:
mount -rw -o remount /

Now set you root user password using this command. You will be prompted to enter it twice:
passwd your_username

Exit the prompt by typing exit and hitting the return key.

On the next window select Resume normal boot


Best way to add replay gain to m4a files?

I realise this question was asked some time ago, but I was also looking for an answer.  gmusicbrowser has an option in its settings to add replaygain tags to your collection, and it seems to work with M4a files too.  I'm using Debian Jessie, but I see no reason why it wouldn't work on Ubuntu.


Screen redraw issue: Lenovo Yoga S940 + ubuntu 19.10 feels laggish

Figured that finally out.

The problem was caused by Panel Self Refresh feature from intel. As described in this post:

  Panel Self Refresh (PSR), a power saving feature used by Intel iGPUs
  is known to cause flickering in some instances FS#49628 FS#49371
  FS#50605. A temporary solution is to disable this feature using the
  kernel parameter i915.enable_psr=0.

So to disable it and to fix the redraw problem without side effects (as far as I can tell as of now) I added it to kernel boot parameters (where i915 is the name of the loaded graphic driver):

i915.enable_psr=0

To do that, in terminal:

sudo -i
gedit /etc/default/grub
locate the line that says GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
change it to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash i915.enable_psr=0"
update-grub
exit
reboot

So as long as it's a "temporal" solution, I guess a permanent one would be to have the fix from intel. But as far as intel forum goes, this problem exists for at least 2 years already so seems like this one is permanent in reality.


apt-get update error ubuntu 12.04 to version 14

To do a release update on ubuntu you need to run sudo do-release-upgrade as apt-get update just refreshes the sources for packages and apt-get upgrade just updates all packages to the latest version, but doesn't update to the latest ubuntu release.


ext4 partition size / free space discrepancies

There are a few things going on here.  gparted reports the actual used/free space.  The kernel reduces the available count by the reserved space.  After you removed the reserved space, the free count did not change because the reserved blocks already were free; it is just that non root users are not allowed to invade that space to prevent them from causing trouble by filling up the disk.  The gnome numbers are a little flaky because of a bug.  Instead of reporting the used space that the kernel reports ( and df shows ), it computes it by subtracting the free space from the total.  This causes it to show reserved space as used.

The missing 4GB is actually used is the fs overhead for ext4.  NTFS only initially allocates a small amount of space for the MFT, and grows it as needed.  The ext series of filesystems though, allocate space for the inode table ( rough equivalent of the MFT ) at format time and it can not grow.  The space missing from the reported total space is the inode table.  The remaining bit of used space is from the journal ( usually 128 mb ) and resize inodes.


Drivers not listed under "Additional drivers"

I had the same problem when i installed Ubuntu 12.10 on my K55V.
The problem is that you only use the internal Intel Graphics adapter that runs of your iX CPU.

The solution is to use the NVIDIA graphics card as a "graphics booster" for the Intel card, so that the NVIDIA takes all the heavy rendering.

The Bumblebee projects have managed to do this, installation notes for Ubuntu is found here: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Bumblebee

When you have installed Bumblebee the laptop's battery life is also significantly increased, this because Bumblebee disables the Nvidia Graphics card when it isn't needed.

Also, if you have not already installed it, download "Jupiter" form the Software Center, it makes the laptop much more energy efficient, and is able to use some of ASUS's power saving utilities. Yes, it is a power manager.


How to remove/uninstall OpenH264 plugin in Firefox 33?

I found the answer on Reddit. Many users experienced system crashes after updating to Gnome 3.14. They discovered that it was being caused by Firefox plugins (even when said plugins were disabled!). Uninstalling the plugins fixed the crashes.

To prevent the OpenH264 plugin, disable the about:config setting that allows it to be downloaded from the provider. This can be done by setting the following about:config setting to 'false':

media.gmp-gmpopenh264.provider.enabled

Here's a quick reference:

1) open firefox

2) in URL-bar, type 'about:config'

3) search for media.gmp-gmpopenh264.provider.enabled

4) double-click the entry to change its value to false


Connection abort when trying to log in to chroot jailed account via sftp

The reason why this did not work was because the chrooted directory had write permissions. By revoking all write permissions, I managed to connect.

chmod 555 /var/www


Ubuntu 16.04 Graphics issues intel HD 620

I had the same problem and solved it (razer blade stealth i7 7500U kaby lake HD 620 graphic card with 2560x1440 screen).

I opened a bug on the drm intel here: https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=99159 .

A patch has been made to the kernel yesterday (4.9+ which means it will land in the 4.10 release).

In order to fix it, you need to have this patch in your kernel/drm intel. Either you wait for the 4.10 release, or recompile from the drm-tip kernel.


I removed it by synaptic I install this software then I choose burg-PC from it then I applied its remove options.


which version of spice will support on ubuntu 14.04?

I'm pretty sure they only support RHEL/Suse for Linux distributions. There are open source alternatives like ngspice. As a CSE, I suggest you stick with the tools provided to you on the supported platforms. You can always run this stuff in a VM. The curriculum is grueling enough without tools that don't work when you need them the most.

MATLAB runs native on Ubuntu, (which you're going to become very familiar with) though I wouldn't recommend that either because not all the toolboxes you might need are available for it (iirc) and the simulink gui is buggy.


What's the difference between installing Kubuntu and installing Gnome, versus installing Ubuntu and then installing KDE also?

I asked around on Reddit and the answer I was given is that they are basically the same except for some of the ways the specific applications that make up the DEs are configured, so with Ubuntu there are specific configurations that ship with it's Gnome DE that might not be configured that way if you just installed it on top.


The latest stable package of Docky is already available at ppa:docky-core/stable. I'd recommend the following (because, maybe the package was corrupted):

Remove existing Docky.
Add the stable PPA
Update software list
Install Docky from the PPA

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:docky-core
sudo apt-get remove docky
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install docky


Ubuntu doesn't boot when I plug the new USB disk

The mount-point in your fstab-line must be an existing folder.

When you plug-in the device to the running system, this folder will be created, in your case it is the folder /media/usb0. This folder will disappear after unplugging the device. If you mount with fstab using this folder, you have to create that folder first.

sudo mkdir /media/usb0

will create the folder. You could use any location and any name for the folder which you use as mount-point, this is up to you, the mount-point in your fstab-line must point to this folder and the folder must exist, otherwise the mount-attempt will fail.


Thoroughly read the Installing Greasemonkey Scripts guide. Firefox is the browser that is recommended by userscripts.org for using their scripts. Userscripts in Firefox run via the Greasemonkey Firefox add-on. Greasemonkey allows you to customize the way a web page displays or behaves, by using small bits of JavaScript.
From the Installing Greasemonkey Scripts guide:

Now that you have Firefox, you need to install Greasemonkey. After installation (which requires restarting your browser), you are now ready to install userscripts.
Now clicking on a .user.js link triggers Greasemonkey to pop up the script installation panel. Greasemonkey shows you a list of what sites the script will run on and ask if you want to install the script.
Now loading a web page results in additional code (the userscript) being run.


Ubuntu 16.04 and AMD RADEON HD 6750: The system is running in low-graphics mode

On Sunday, I decided to upgrade to 16.04. And have a similar problem.
I did as it is written here http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2321874&p=13515588#post13515588 . Radeon R9 390x works fine.

Download crimson drivers from amd site http://support.amd.com/en-us/download.
Then unpack it.

sh amd-driver-installer-15.302-x86.x86_64.run --extract
cd fglrx-install. * /

And patch

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/im...ernel_4.4.diff
patch -p1 <fglrx_kernel_4.4.diff

Downgrade xserver-xorg to 1.17. remove current xserver package

sudo apt-get purge xserver-xorg*

Commented out the current repository.

sudo sed -i 's / deb / # deb /' /etc/apt/sources.list

Add wily repository in the end of /etc/apt/sources.list.

deb http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main
deb http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-updates main

Install the xserver from wily repository.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg

Hold packages with reduced version xserver.

packages = `aptitude search xserver | grep -E '^ i' | grep -Eo '(. xserver - +) -' | awk '{print $ 1}'`; for pkg in $ packages; do echo "$pkg hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections; done

Restore the contents of /etc/apt/sources.list.

sudo sed -i 's / # deb / deb /' /etc/apt/sources.list

In the directory with the unpacked driver run:

sudo sh ./ati-installer.sh 15.302 --install

Further installation is in normal mode.


Why does my ubuntu 14.10 have an issue when logging out?

In certain cases, installing multiple desktop environments on a system may cause instability. This is likely because each comes with a variety of packages that do similar things, and thus will be competing for resources, and/or conflicting with each other. Since your problem resolved after removing some of those desktop environments, it's likely that was what causing your problem.


Commas from csv only partially imported in Libreoffice Calc

Sorry for answering my own question, it was not my intent.

At the same time as sudodus comment was posted, I found out that my locale setting did not use a point as decimal separator. I adapted that and also the Libreoffice language settings to use the point, which resulted in the numbers being displayed correctly.

However, the problem still remains that Calc's text import preview correctly displayed the numbers, and that this did not reflect the numbers display in Calc, hence the confusion. Filed in Bugzilla (114459).


I had the same problem and for me this command:

gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.cursor active false

made the trick.

To actually type it without a working mouse, type ctrl-alt-t --- you should have a (focused) terminal where you can type in.

The main reference is here: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2180729


Try first to reload ALSA:

sudo alsa force-reload

If that won't help, try to reinstall ALSA and pulseaudio:

sudo apt-get remove --purge alsa-base pulseaudio
sudo apt-get install alsa-base pulseaudio


What can I do to turn my screen brightness down when simple interface methods do not work?

You can add to grub config an acpi command, on the file /etc/default/grub, modify the following lines adding "acpi_backlight=vendor" :

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_backlight=vendor"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="acpi_backlight=vendor"


How can I use Java Mobile Phone's camera as a Webcam?

For Android you can use Droidcam.

Here is a nice tutorial how to install and configure in Ubuntu


Have you tried PulseAudio Volume Control application to fix this? You can find it in Ubuntu Software Center.

Something went wrong with your audio configuration probably. PulseAudio Volume Control is very powerful and I think you should be able to fix it. It will help in many other situations as well.


If/Else in shell script throws errors in Ubuntu for Windows

There are two problems here. First, while you have a shebang line calling bash, you are executing the script as sh script.sh. The shebang line already specifies an interpreter for this script. So, just make the script executable:

chmod a+x ./test.sh

And then run it:

./test.sh

Alternatively, run it with bash explicitly:

bash ./test.sh

That will make it run with bash instead of sh which is a more limited shell and doesn't understand ==. Which brings us to the second problem and why this fails. Strangely enough, you want eq or =, not ==. The operator that tests numerical equality in POSIX shell scripts (sh is a POSIX-compliant shell) is -eq while the one that tests string equality is = and == isn't a thing.

So, if you want your script to be run by sh, change it to:

if [ 1 = 1 ]; then
    echo "Something"
fi

Which checks that the string 1 is the same as the string 1, or to compare numerically, use:

if [ 1 -eq 1 ]; then
    echo "Something"
fi

In addition, you have another problem. I can only reproduce the specific error you get in dash if I add a \r after the then. This is a classic problem when moving between Windows and Linux. While Linux uses \n as the line end character, Windows ends its lines with \r\n. This \r character is not visible to the user, but it is there and confuses the script. So, you can remove it with:

sed -i 's/\r//' ./test.sh

And in the future, use a proper text editor to write your scripts. Either one that works in the WSL system, or one that can at least be configured to not add \r to the ends of its lines.


How to change Graphics Driver in 16.04 from i915 to open source driver?

I was finally able to fix the i915 problem by updating from kernel 4.4.0-22 to 4.5.1. On my 64 bit machine with ubuntu 16.04 xenial I ran:

    % wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.5.1-wily/linux-headers-4.5.1-040501_4.5.1-040501.201604121331_all.deb

    % wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.5.1-wily/linux-headers-4.5.1-040501-generic_4.5.1-040501.201604121331_amd64.deb

    % wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.5.1-wily/linux-image-4.5.1-040501-generic_4.5.1-040501.201604121331_amd64.deb

    % sudo dpkg -i *.deb

DEAR UBUNTU DEVELOPERS, the DRM issue with i915 appears to be fixed as from kernel version 4.5.1. I tried version 4.4.10 and it did not fix the DRM issue. I would appreciate if the changes to DRM in connection with i915 were backported into the official xenial kernel.


Getting a package not found when I do ./configure

try installing libgsf-1-dev instead:

sudo apt-get install  libgsf-1-dev

How did I know to do this? Ok, I totaly belived you when you said libgsf wasnt installed. and libgsf-1 just doesnt sound like a package name to me, if it were, its name would be libgsf-1-something.
 anyhow, I then searched the repos for the package:

$ sudo apt-cache search libgsf-1
libgsf-1-114 - Structured File Library - runtime version
libgsf-1-114-dbg - Structured File Library - debugging files (basic version)
libgsf-1-common - Structured File Library - common files
libgsf-1-dev - Structured File Library - development files

if you noticed, when you ran sudo apt-get install libgsf-1-dev you probably saw libgsf-1-114 libgsf-1-common libgsf-1-dev listed in the set of files installed. Do you need the dev version? IDK, I assume so.


How can I turn my Fan on full speed all the time?

Most modern laptops have fancontrol settings in their BIOS. This is the simplest way of controlling your fan speed and there may be an option to have the fan at full speed all the time.

If not you could install 'lm-sensors' and 'fancontrol'. There is an excellent set of instructions for doing so here.

Then configure 'fancontrol' to have the fans running at full speed by setting MAXTEMP to a low temperature like 30.

A more interesting question is why do you want the fans running at full speed? If your laptop is overheating check that the fan and air-vents are not choked with dust. If you don’t want to open up your laptop it is safe to use the nozzle of an ordinary household vacuum cleaner to clean the vents.


If you mean this curve

Then no.  It's not very useful to think in terms of watts per hour.  Power measured in watts is an instantaneous value and is nothing to with time.   It is useful to think in terms of watt hours however.

A watt hour is is the energy that would be consumed if your computer consumed 1 watt continuously for 1 hour (or 2 watts for half an hour). You electricity bill is based on the number of watt hours consumed.

On my system however I can only see the power into or out of the battery and not the power being taken from ac supply.


how to run php program that saved in opt/lampp/htdocs

If lampp is not already running start it from a Terminal crtl + alt + t type:

sudo /opt/lampp/lampp start

Then open a browser and go to the url localhost/yourFile.php.
Replace yourFile.php with the name of your php file.

Or name the php file index.php and just enter localhost in the browser.


How to get nvidia-persistenced daemon to work properly?

At least for nvidia-375==375.66-0ubuntu0.16.04.1

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/nvidia-375/bin/nvidia-persistenced /usr/bin/nvidia-persistenced

looks like enough.

Please mark this bug as affecting you too: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nvidia-persistenced/+bug/1693123


Why converting a flv file to mp3 I got a bigger file?

It possibly happens because by default Audacity exports mp3 files with 192Kbps even if the original quality of the file was lower. Try using a lower value.


How do you change the font color in the Unity panel?

The panel text uses the color defined by the theme's text[NORMAL] property. You'll likely find that in the file /usr/share/themes/<theme>/gtk-2.0/gtkrc.

Note, that this doesn't affect the home button and indicator icon color. For that you'd have to change the icon set used by your theme (in Appearance Properties → Theme tab).


I found a gnome extension that adds these Super+NUM hotkeys:
https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/413/dash-hotkeys/

And for the problem of preview instead of cycling through windows of an application, you can set an option to cycle instead of preview like this:

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock click-action 'cycle-windows'

For more information: https://robertianhawdon.me.uk/2017/11/02/quick-tip-changing-ubuntu-17-10s-dock-behaviour/

If the setting "click-action" is not available, you can add the gnome extension for dash-to-dock here: https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/307/dash-to-dock/ (and uninstall it later)


Unable to install tp_smapi 0.41 on Thinkpad T500

Many instructions at thinkwiki.org are very outdated.

Just install the package from the Ubuntu repos:

sudo apt-get install tp-smapi-dkms

(as described in TLP's docs too)


Install the MBR to the disk with Ubuntu on it and configure the BIOS to boot from Ubuntu's disk instead of the Win7 one.

Since you cannot boot into Ubuntu, you'll need the Live CD to boot and repair things.

Boot from the Live CD.
Mount the partition containing the Ubuntu installation (by opening it in the file browser for example)
Open a Terminal
Run the mount command to get a list of mounted partitions, you need to know the device name of the Ubuntu installation. Search for a line matching type ext4

..... stripped for saving space .....
/dev/sda2 on /media/disk type ext4 (rw)

Here, /dev/sda2 is the partition and /dev/sda is the device name
Now install the MBR, use the device name from step 4 and the folder name between on and type. Replace the names accordingly and run:

sudo grub-install --boot-directory=/media/disk /dev/sda

Reboot afterwards, do not forget to check your BIOS settings.

You can install GRUB to a partition because other bootloaders can chainload GRUB. (GRUB can chainload the Windows bootloader in the same way)


problem with drag and drop email in tomboy

I solved it, it only work if evolution is in pop protocol and notIMAP. I have reconfigured email account in pop and it now works again . I ticked leave a message copy on server
so they dont disappear from My imap account.


Here's the official Ubuntu wiki topic on uninstalling WUBI. If I understand your question properly this should work and allow you to completely reinstall Ubuntu.
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/WubiGuide#Uninstallation


How do I set JAVA environment variables system wide?

Using 12.04, placing the information in /etc/environment worked for me:

tku@buster:~$ cat /etc/environment
PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games"
[...]
LC_MEASUREMENT="de_DE.UTF-8"
JAVA_HOME=/home/tku/work/jdk1.7.0_05


Memory intensive applications make the system unstable

The issue is due to slow SWAP memory on disk being used in cases where you run out of RAM memory.

You will experience this issue more often when RAM is limited, at 2 GB or less. On systems with at least 4 GB, you should easily be able to run multiple applications at the same time and open quite large documents without running into the issue. So the very first solution to this issue is to upgrade to at least 4 GB RAM.

You will also experience this issue more strongly if you have single large demands for memory, e.g. opening a large graphics file, as opposed to having many small demands on memory, e.g. open many applications. In the latter case, smaller chunks of ram will be swapped, resulting in shorter swap operations. In the former case, the system is occupied for a very long time swapping memory in and out.

Finally, the issue will be worse if you have a swap file on a traditional hard drive instead of on a much faster and silent SSD drive. Hard disks are so much slower than RAM. SSD drives are significantly faster.

Solution and workarounds

The very best and only fundamental solution to avoid your system being locked up by swap activities is to install additional RAM. It is relatively cheap nowadays.

If you systematically work in low-memory situations, you may want to keep swappiness sufficiently high. By default, it is as high as 60, but you might want to increase it to e.g. 80. Here is how to change swappiness. This will make sure that RAM quickly is swapped out so RAM is freed to be used for new demands. In addition, swapping occurs continuously instead of suddenly all at once as memory drops beyond a certain threshold. Thus, you will less quickly run into minute long freezing, but the price is that your user interface overall will feel more slow and sluggish although processes will run more efficiently.

Use an SSD for SWAP. The intensive writing on the SSD will reduce the life time of the drive, though.

Yet another trick is to use zram. This creates a compressed swap file in fast ram. That leaves you with even less RAM for your applications. However, RAM can then be swapped to the zram, which works very fast, effectively allowing you to store more information in RAM.


wifi networks not showing up in ubuntu 14.04 (Asus x555lb)

Ensure WiFi is set as an active device in the Network settings.  While your computer has a WiFi card, it's function may not yet be turned on in your Ubuntu (it is common for this to be so).  Once you have turned it on it will remain as such unless you or a system update requires it be turned off, in which case you only need to turn it on again).  You did not supply us with the specific Asus computer you have, but there is almost certainly a switch or button to turn it on and off on the outside of the computer. Ensure it is turned on and select a WiFi network in your Network settings window and all should be fine (but if your hardware is of a type not commonly installed automatically then you must install it and reboot). This command will define which WiFi card you have (or at least the way it's seen by Ubunut) sudo lshw -C network . If this does not resolve your issue then please post the output of that terminal command here for us.
For Broadcom specificly, here are Ubuntu's instructions for this brand's WiFi devices:  https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/Driver/bcm43xx


Focuswriter on ubuntu 16.04 using source code.

You already have hunspell installed which gives applications the ability to use it, but you may not have libhunspell-dev which provides the source code needed to compile programs that use it.

You may be able to get all the packages you need using:

sudo apt-get build-dep focuswriter

Then you can proceed to recompile.


The recommended way to create a user-specific default.pa file is working on a copy in the user's HOME. This copy should be stored in ˜/.pulse or ˜/.config/pulse whichever directory already exists.

When running pulseaudio in userspace (this is the default) settings we had made in this file will override the system-wide  /etc/pulse/default.pa on the next restart of the pulseaudio sound server (e.g. with pulseaudio -k).

Only if system-wide settings need to be made for all users we may edit  /etc/pulse/default.pa with root privileges. Then we should take care to make a backup copy of that file to be able to revert to the default settings in case something went wrong.


How to correct Spanish orthographic spelling errors in file names

I've never seen an app like that, but you could copy all the file names to a new text file from the terminal and then open the text file in LibreOffice Writer and use Writer's spell-checking feature to spell-check the file names. It wouldn't be too time-consuming to do it that way if there weren't too many orthographic spelling errors that needed to be corrected.
If there aren't too many orthographic spelling errors that need to be corrected it wouldn't take too long to rename the file names one at a time manually. You can automate this process by installing gprename with sudo apt install gprename which adds context menu renaming functionality to Files file manager, including renaming multiple files in the same directory according to find and replace expressions.
Here is an example of batch renaming multiple files. I have a group of text files in the same directory. I want to open all of them in LibreOffice writer to change them from plain text into formatted text. First I select all the files, copy them and paste them. This creates multiple new files named like old_file (copy).txt, etc. Then I batch rename the copies from like old_file (copy).txt to a form like old_file.odt by replacing (copy).txt with .odt for all of the selected files together.


Installed on separate hard drives, won't boot

This also happen to me with my first SSD. In my case the problem appeard whenever I removed another hard drive that did not have ANYTHING to do to where I had installed the system. My only solution after a very weird problem (I even checked to see if grub was installed in the right place and even ran the grub installed again just to make sure.) was to do a fresh install. Just backup whatever needed backup and format that SSD. But this time, I did not connect any other hard drives, just the SSD all alone. At least that way I knew it would work.

This only happen to me with the SSD, with the rest of the Sata HDD it worked perfectly anytime I installed. Maybe, this can help you in some way. At least reinstalling grub or updating grub with the SDD alone (No other disks connected).


Network doesn't work after upgrading to 13.10

Try running the following command to see if it solves the issue:

sudo service network-manager restart


Setting up Web Root for LAMP and never worry about it again

There is a long description in the joomla Docs. This may help you to find out what is missing.

https://docs.joomla.org/Configuring_a_LAMPP_server_for_PHP_development/Linux_desktop


Download softwares along with dependancy

What about using install with a -d option (download-only)?

i.e.

sudo apt-get install -d xen-hypervisor-4.1-i386


Intel/AMD hybrid graphics on Ubuntu 16.04: How activate the other one?

just type in console:

DRI_PRIME=1 application name


Can I use Java to develop gui for ubuntu

Quickly (software)
Quickly is a framework for creating software programs for a Linux
distribution using Python, PyGTK, Glade Interface Designer and Desktop
Couch. It then allows for easy publishing using bzr and Launchpad.

As stated in the source above Quickly is designed to make applications strictly using the Python programming language and does not support Java, C++, or C#.
If you want to develop GUI applications for these programming languages I suggest you look at Swing, GTK, or Qt for Java and GTK/Qt for C++ and C#.


CIFS shares not mounting after modifying /etc/fstab

I had the same error message, also after upgrading from 12.04 to 12.10.

mount.cifs(8) says:

  Options to mount.cifs are specified as a comma-separated list of key=value pairs. It is possible to send options other than those listed here, assuming that the cifs filesystem kernel module (cifs.ko) supports them. Unrecognized cifs mount options passed to the cifs vfs kernel code will be logged to the kernel log.

I checked /var/log/kern.log and found, in my case:

  CIFS: Unknown mount option "noatime"

So the fix for me was simply to remove this option from my /etc/fstab entry.

Trying your options, this message is written to kern.log:

  CIFS: Unknown mount option "codepage=unicode"

It seems the behaviour of cifs.ko has changed from ignoring unrecognised options to failing when it sees one.

mount.cifs -V says it's version 5.5.


Ubuntu 20.04, Gnome Desktop: Does anynody knows how to start a program from terminal using "Dedicated Graphics Card"?

__NV_PRIME_RENDER_OFFLOAD=1 __GLX_VENDOR_LIBRARY_NAME=nvidia <app to execute>

As far as I know, it was usefull on 19.10 for me.


Systemd doesn't restart monit after kill

I believe the addition of the Restart option to your systemd service file would ensure it gets start when not stopped by the systemctl stop command:
Restart=[no | on-success | on-failure | on-abnormal | on-watchdog | on-abort | always ]

Info:
no: the default, the service will not be restarted
on-success: will be restarted only when the service process exits cleanly
on-failure: will be restarted when the process exits with a non-zero exit code
on-abort: will be restarted only if the service process exits due to an uncaught signal not specified as a clean exit status
on-watchdog: will be restarted only if the watchdog timeout for the service expires
always: will be restarted regardless of whether it exited cleanly or not, got terminated abnormally by a signal, or hit a timeout

Restart=
Configures whether the service shall be restarted when the service process exits, is killed, or a timeout is reached. The service process may be the main service process, but it may also be one of the processes specified with ExecStartPre=, ExecStartPost=, ExecStop=, ExecStopPost=, or ExecReload=. When the death of the process is a result of systemd operation (e.g. service stop or restart), the service will not be restarted. Timeouts include missing the watchdog "keep-alive ping" deadline and a service start, reload, and stop operation timeouts.
Takes one of no, on-success, on-failure, on-abnormal, on-watchdog, on-abort, or always. If set to no (the default), the service will not be restarted. If set to on-success, it will be restarted only when the service process exits cleanly. In this context, a clean exit means an exit code of 0, or one of the signals SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGTERM or SIGPIPE, and additionally, exit statuses and signals specified in SuccessExitStatus=. If set to on-failure, the service will be restarted when the process exits with a non-zero exit code, is terminated by a signal (including on core dump, but excluding the aforementioned four signals), when an operation (such as service reload) times out, and when the configured watchdog timeout is triggered. If set to on-abnormal, the service will be restarted when the process is terminated by a signal (including on core dump, excluding the aforementioned four signals), when an operation times out, or when the watchdog timeout is triggered. If set to on-abort, the service will be restarted only if the service process exits due to an uncaught signal not specified as a clean exit status. If set to on-watchdog, the service will be restarted only if the watchdog timeout for the service expires. If set to always, the service will be restarted regardless of whether it exited cleanly or not, got terminated abnormally by a signal, or hit a timeout.

Image source
Source:
https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.service.html


You need to find your cdrom device name (which per the error is not /dev/cdrom).
To find out the cdrom device name from the terminal execute:

sudo lshw -C disk

It should a device starting with "*-cdrom", the device name is listed at the  "logical name:" field.
Then you need to append the device name to the eject commands on your script, eg:

eject /dev/cdrom1


xbacklight - No outputs have backlight property

I don't know if you've solved this yet, but I was able to get to work by changing the name of the folder.

Section "Device"
        Identifier      "Card0"
        Driver          "intel"
        Option          "Backlight"     "/sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight"
EndSection

I logged out after changing the path and when I logged back in xbacklight was working at is should. (I'm running Xubuntu 16.04 and I don't know if that makes much of a difference.)


ffmpeg resize "could not find codec parameters"

A misleading situation

First of all, the so-called "ffmpeg" from the Ubuntu repository is not really ffmpeg from the FFmpeg project, but a fake version from a fork. It's a confusing situation. See:

Who can tell me the difference and relation between ffmpeg, libav, and avconv?
The FFmpeg/Libav situation

Secondly, this fake "ffmpeg" (and avconv) are terribly buggy. FFmpeg development is very active, and using a recent version of real ffmpeg will most likely resolve this issue.

Getting the real ffmpeg

You have several options:

Compile ffmpeg on Ubuntu - customizable, gives most recent code, but you must compile (not that hard and shouldn't take too long). Non-intrusive to the system.
Use a static build - easiest to use but not customizable; also non-intrusive.
Use Jon Severinsson's FFmpeg PPA - easy to enable and install but old and not customizable

Each has their advantages and disadvantages as described above.

Using a static build

You just need to download the archive, extract it, and execute the binary. No compiling or installing is necessary:

wget http://ffmpeg.gusari.org/static/32bit/ffmpeg.static.32bit.2013-06-19.tar.gz
tar xzvf ffmpeg.static.32bit.2013-03-19.tar.gz

Now you can use it. You can either navigate to the directory containing ffmpeg, and run (notice the preceding ./):

./ffmpeg -i input ... output

...or provide the full path to it as in:

/home/andy/ffmpeg/ffmpeg -i input ... output

Choose your $PATH

If you want the real ffmpeg whenever you use the ffmpeg command without having to use ./ or having to provide a full path to the binary, then place the ffmpeg binary in the bin directory in your home:

mkdir ~/bin
mv ffmpeg ~/bin
hash -r

Now you can just run ffmpeg and you'll be ready to encode stuff. If you want to use a different directory other than ~/bin, then you will have to add the directory to your $PATH as shown in How to add a directory to my path?

Checking for spies

Now using the ffmpeg command should show something like (note the "FFmpeg developers" phrase):

$ ffmpeg
ffmpeg version N-54152-g730e07f Copyright (c) 2000-2013 the FFmpeg developers

If it shows the following then you'll know that you are cursed and the fake version is still being used (note the "Libav developers" phrase):

$ ffmpeg
ffmpeg version 0.8.5-6:0.8.5-0ubuntu0.12.10.1, Copyright (c) 2000-2012 the Libav developers


Gedit has an unlisted Ctrl-D shortcut which deletes a line. How can I override it?

I like the idea to do a binary edit. However the process described above seems too cumbersome.

Here is a much simpler and more reliable way:

sudo sed -i "s/delete_from_cursor/_elete_from_cursor/g" /usr/bin/gedit


wacom intuos CTH-490 doesn't work on Ubuntu 15.10

Linux-Wacom posted a new version here, which solved my problem. I suppose that all the newest version will come with this bug fixed.


Can all GUI linux apps be made to work using an X server?

Here are the steps I did to get sublimetext3 working on bash. It's great because like this you can edit files from bash without corrupting them.

install and run VcxSrv for Windows from
https://sourceforge.net/projects/vcxsrv/

then on bash:

sudo apt install gimp
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/sublime-text-3 -y
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install sublime-text-installer
DISPLAY=:0 /opt/sublime_text/sublime_text

and you can create a desktop shortcut with this content:

C:\Windows\System32\bash.exe ~ -c "DISPLAY=:0 /opt/sublime_text/sublime_text"

BTW gimp it's an image editor that contains the libraries (gtk) for sublime_text you can also run it typing:

DISPLAY=:0 gimp


Squid as proxy is only allowing https traffic

Apparently, configuring squid using the "transparent" setting on the http_port directive breaks things in squid. I removed the "transparent" keyword and it works now.


How can I disable "disable touchpad while typing" on 19.10?

The command line would be

settings set org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.touchpad disable-while-typing false
settings set org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.touchpad disable-while-typing true

For the graphical method

sudo apt install tweaks

and


Not Detecting second monitor that using Motherboard instead GPU


My /opt directory is empty and the app lens is not working, what should I do?

You will find that most packages installed after installation by the package managers will reside in /usr/bin/ or /usr/sbin/ Ive always thought as /opt/ as a place for applications not installed by package managers or "propitiatory" software.

If you want to find where a program lives in the filesystem you can use the which command:

stephenm@mcr-pc-29392:~$ which chromium-browser
/usr/bin/chromium-browser

And for the unity app lens problem:

Try removing and installing the application lens again:

sudo apt-get remove unity-lens-applications

sudo apt-get install unity-lens-applications


Ethernet Network is disabled in 14.04LTS

Select "Edit Connections...", and rename the one you want (presumably the first one) to "Wired connection 1".


Have only the boot partition on one drive

Yes, it's possible. However it does not make any sense to me. it's better to store a path like / on your fast hard drive and paths like /home or /var on a separate hard drive with more capacity.

When system is booting BIOS looks for a bootable device, it does not matter which hard drive it is, a small section of its first sector (boot sector) contains a specific code (boot loader binary code) which knows where /boot is located and thus does the job.


12.10: Webcam stopped working after update

I just had a similar issue on a Thinkpad T430u that I was able to fix by booting to an older kernel.  It sounds like this could be the same issue since the live USB is probably running an older kernel.  I just posted an answer to a similar question, so instead of retyping the whole thing, see here:

https://askubuntu.com/a/264461/18665

If this fixes your issue, please file a bug report or comment on the one I linked to in that answer so the developers know this affects Ubuntu 12.10 as well.  Hopefully if enough people report this bug it should get fixed soon.


Ubuntu/win 7 dual boot only boots to minimal grub prompt?

This looks like a Wubi install, and likely you had NTFS filesystem corruption, perhaps due to a hard shutdown? or some other crash. In any event, running boot-repair on Wubi installs is not a good idea... because it's not written by someone familiar with how Wubi works.

What you should do on a Wubi install is first run chkdsk from Windows, because the host filesystem is often what is corrupted, and only then, if necessary, fsck the root.disk.

But boot-repair will always offer to fsck the root.disk and this can result in a catastrophic loss. Right now it's reported a zero file size.

So, you should run chkdsk /r on the host drive and see if you have an intact \ubuntu\disks\root.disk. Otherwise it's probably damaged beyond repair.


installing kubuntu 14.04, need help with partitions/boot

my computer says "efi" in the setuppact file, and it seems that it's gpt as well

This description suggests that Windows is probably installed in EFI mode. This is a critical detail, so I recommend you verify it, as described on this page of mine, among other places.

  a 1mb for biosgrub (it recommended that I add that one)

If the installer is suggesting a "biosgrub" partition, then that indicates that the installer booted in BIOS/CSM/legacy mode. Such a boot is at odds with an EFI-mode boot of Windows and would explain your failure to boot.

If this analysis is correct, you have a number of recovery options:

Disable the Compatibility Support Module (CSM; aka "legacy boot support" or some similar term) in your firmware and re-install Ubuntu. A full re-install is overkill, but since you presumably haven't yet customized your installation or done much with it, you might consider it.
Disable the CSM in your firmware and run the Boot Repair program from a boot of the Ubuntu installer in "try before installing" mode. This should get Ubuntu booting in EFI mode, but there are a number of ways it can go wrong. In most cases you'll still be able to boot Windows, but there's a small chance Boot Repair will end up creating serious new problems. I don't want to blow this risk out of proportion, though; this procedure will probably work fine.
If it's not already disabled, disable Secure Boot in your firmware. Download the USB flash drive or CD-R version of my rEFInd boot manager, prepare a medium from that, and boot it. This should enable you to boot into either Windows or Ubuntu. If both work, install the rEFInd PPA or Debian package. This approach eliminates the small risk of the preceding one because the USB/CD-R boot of rEFInd serves as a test of what it will do once it's installed on your hard disk, enabling you to abort before you touch the disk, should you not like what you see.

There are variants and additional options. For instance, you could use rEFInd to boot once and use that to install GRUB 2 (Ubuntu's default boot loader).

Note that, if my analysis is correct, your initial problem was caused by enabling the CSM. Many pages recommend doing this as a routine part of installing Ubuntu, but the advice is misguided, as I describe on this page. That's why two of my procedures specify disabling the CSM -- unless you disable it or use an EFI-only boot procedure (which rEFInd is), you can't be sure you'll boot the Ubuntu installer in EFI mode, so you could end up back in the same boat.


Creating simple login form using Qt creator without any QtQuickControls

I found the answer for the above question:

Following is the code:

import QtQuick 1.0

Rectangle{
    id:screen
    color: "lightgray"
    width: 3000; height:2700

    Column {
        id: column1
        width: 201
        height: 400

        Row {
            id: row1
            width: 40
            height:50

            TextInput {
                id: userName
                x: 40
                y: 18
                width: 80
                height: 20
                text: qsTr("UserName")
                font.pixelSize: 12
            }

            Rectangle {
                id: rectangle1
                x: 115
                y: 18
                width: 80
                height: 20
                color: "#ffffff"
            }

        }

        Row {
            id: row2
            width: 40
            height: 50

            TextInput {
                id: password
                x: 40
                y: 18
                width: 80
                height: 20
                text: qsTr("Password")
                font.pixelSize: 12
            }

            Rectangle {
                id: rectangle2
                x: 115
                y: 18
                width: 80
                height: 20
                color: "#ffffff"
            }
        }

        Row {
            id: row3
            x: 8
            y: 113
            width: 40
            height: 50

            Rectangle {
                id: rectangle3
                x: 8
                y: 8
                width: 80
                height: 20
                color: "#ffffff"

            Text {
                id: login
                text: "Login"
                x:4
                y:4
                width:30
                height:10
                font.pixelSize: 12
            }
        }
    }
}


I'm trying to install TF2 from steam but it won't allow me to install because i only have 220mb (but i have well over 50 gigs?

Look at output of:

sudo fdisk -l

You may have smaller size of /home partition. You can resize it through LiveCD and gParted on it. Boot LiveCD, select Try Ubuntu and launch gParted. You can modify partitions as you want/need.

Don´t forget to backup everything on it first.


LXD: Running an image with a foreign architecture

I was able to get a foreign architecture to work with LXD. I took an ARMv7 image, created a squashfs from it, added qemu-arm-static under /usr/bin. The trick to get it to work with LXD was to have the meta-data tarball say the image is x86_64 (or whatever your host architecture is). Importing and running this image works, LXD thinks it's a supported architecture (matches host) and its able to run because of qemu-arm-static and binfmt.

ALPINE_MIRROR_URL="http://ams.edge.kernel.org/alpine"
ALPINE_VERSION="3.11.5"
ALPINE_ARCH="armhf"

version=$(echo $ALPINE_VERSION | cut -d '.' -f 1-2)
curl -O ${ALPINE_MIRROR_URL}/v${version}/releases/${ALPINE_ARCH}/alpine-minirootfs-${ALPINE_VERSION}-${ALPINE_ARCH}.tar.gz

ROOTFS=alpine-rootfs
mkdir ${ROOTFS}
tar xzf alpine-minirootfs-${ALPINE_VERSION}-${ALPINE_ARCH}.tar.gz -C ${ROOTFS}

cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static ${ROOTFS}/usr/bin/
mksquashfs ${ROOTFS} rootfs.squashfs

lxc import meta.tar.xz rootfs.squashfs --alias crossx
lxc launch crossx x
lxc exec x -- uname -a
Linux x 4.15.0-50-generic #54-Ubuntu SMP Mon May 6 18:46:08 UTC 2019 armv7l Linux
lxc image ls
| crossx   | 1e5e5a2dafb8 | no     | Alpinelinux  x86_64 (20200330_1354) | x86_64       | CONTAINER | 5.45MB | Apr 2, 2020 at 6:25pm (UTC)  |

You can see in the last two commands the container is really armv7l but LXD thinks its x86_64.


Things to keep in mind to change after cloning a Ubuntu server vm

If you're making 10 clones of an existing server you're still in the trade-off where spending a few hours now, deconstructing its setup and scripting it with Puppet/Chef/Juju/etc and setting up maintenance and monitoring is easily going to offset the time you would spend manually chasing around after servers running individual package updates and wondering what went wrong when a service drops off.

It's really boring sysop stuff... But as I say, it'll pay for itself within a couple of months and by the end of next year you'll either be thanking me for suggesting it or cursing yourself for ignoring it. IMO that applies when you're dealing with any more than two computers. It doesn't take that long to get this stuff set up.

But IP address and hostnames are the big two. If you're running network-provisioning services like a DHCP, that's going to cause issues but assuming these are clients, you're probably not going to see any more problems immediately.


I think the recommended way to get rid of this password prompt is setting up the keyring password to be the same as your ubuntu login password.
Open "Passwords and Keys", then go to "View" and "keyring"
Right click on Login and choose Change Password.


How to get (from terminal) total number of threads (per process and total for all processes)

To get the number of threads for a given pid:

ps -o nlwp <pid>

To the get the sum of all threads running in the system:

ps -eo nlwp | tail -n +2 | awk '{ num_threads += $1 } END { print num_threads }'


Cannot authenticate anymore after adding a line to common-auth

success=1 means that, on success, PAM should skip the next module and go to the one after ... which is pam_deny.so. By inserting a module between pam_unix and pam_deny, the skip count changed. Use success=2 for pam_unix.so if you want to add a module to be run on failure after it.


How to use my android phone as a webcam, microphone and a speaker when video calling on skype?

You can try DroidCam https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.dev47apps.droidcam, but in the long run it's probably best to buy an external Webcam.


Go into System Settings, and click on printers, and just follow the images below:

Click on Add, and then Printer

Click the little arrow to the left of Network Printer, and then choose the one that you have.


Since its an old post, I'll keep the answer short.
The apt-key command option "--recv-keys" uses a non HTTP/HTTPS port to access the key server. Thus it may fail in a firewall environment.

 apt-key --recv-keys 36A1D78           // may fail with firewall

A solution is to copy the actual GPG key manually into a textfile, say key.txt and use apt-key like this

sudo apt-key add key.txt

This will add the ascii key in binary form to the /etc/apt/trusted.gpg file. You can check if its there by

apt-key list|more

You shoudl see the key '36A1D78' listed. Fore the "actual GPG" key goto the launchpad.net webstite of the PPA and click on the "Signing key" link until you are in a page with the key in ASCII form.


You can set up Rainy to run on your Ubuntu or Windows machine, and use it as the sync server in your Tomboy and Tomdroid clients. There is more information on Rainy and how to set it up at that link.


How do I adjust Lenovo ThinkPad T495 screen brightness?

For the Thinkpad T495, you should use acpi_backlight=vendor, afterwards you can change your brightness with echo 150 > /sys/class/backlight/amdgpu_bl0/brightness.


Have you tried this utility call alien?  Alien can convert tar.gz to deb pack, which you can install through software center.  This gentleman made a video on how to use this utility.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pt44bAP2rMg
sudo apt-get install alien
go to tar.gz directory
(sudo) alien -d packagename.tar.gz # may not need sudo, just in case
Open tar.gz directory, and now you should have a deb package.  Double click the deb package, and installation should start in software center
Best of luck.


What application is recommended to find dead pixels on LCD panel?

open terminal and install:

sudo apt-get install screentest

then:

screentest

right click on the screen to access the options for different test colors and patterns


Set order of extensions/indicators in gnome 3

TL;DR The way is a little bit tricky:

You can reload and so influence the order the extensions.

Use this command and replace <Extension_UUID> with the UUID of the extension, don't use the ID:

gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell --object-path /org/gnome/Shell --method <Extension_UUID>

But I have found that sometimes the extension must be reloaded twice to achieve an effect.

Example:

My system wide extensions:

% ls -og  /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 4096 Mär 31 15:15 GPaste@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org

My per user extensions:

% ls -og ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/
total 16
drwxrwxr-x 3 4096 Mär 26 08:01 drive-menu@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com
drwxrwxr-x 3 4096 Mär 26 08:02 laine@knasher.gmail.com
drwxrwxr-x 4 4096 Mär 26 07:56 user-theme@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com
drwxrwxr-x 3 4096 Mär 26 07:57 web_search_dialog@awamper.gmail.com

The extension ID should be the folder name, eg. drive-menu@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com.

To be sure, I would pick up the UUID from the metadata file:

% less ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/drive-menu@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com/metadata.json
{
  "_generated": "Generated by SweetTooth, do not edit",
  "description": "A status menu for accessing and unmounting removable devices.",
  "extension-id": "drive-menu",
  "gettext-domain": "gnome-shell-extensions",
  "name": "Removable Drive Menu",
  "settings-schema": "org.gnome.shell.extensions.drive-menu",
  "shell-version": [
    "3.16"
  ],
  "url": "http://git.gnome.org/gnome-shell-extensions",
  "uuid": "drive-menu@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com",
  "version": 28
}

Therefore this is the command to reload the extension

gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell --object-path /org/gnome/Shell --method org.gnome.Shell.Extensions.ReloadExtension "drive-menu@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com"

The UUID can be determined reliably with the following commands:

Install a JSON parser:

sudo apt-get install jq

Determine the UUID with:

jq '.uuid' ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/<shell_extension_path>/metadata.json

Example:

% jq '.uuid' ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/drive-menu@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com/metadata.json
"drive-menu@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com"

Or all in one:

gdbus call --session --dest org.gnome.Shell --object-path /org/gnome/Shell --method org.gnome.Shell.Extensions.ReloadExtension  $(jq '.uuid' ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/drive-menu@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com/metadata.json)

An other great solution is this answer.


Going by the device ID this is a know bug and has been around for a while. Take a look at the Launchpad Bug Report  which has several links to other projects including this Sourceforge one.

There is an Ubuntu Forums thread on the Sourceforge driver here

Good Luck


Webcam working for admin, not for standard user Ubuntu 12.04

Nopasswdlogin breaks a lot of things.

Don't use it for GUI login.

Use the built-in auto-login functionality instead(nopasswdlogin is supposed to be reserved for command-line users and is intentionally broken for GUI users).


I've got AMD Radeon HD 7450M graphics card, and it worked perfectly well under Ubuntu 12.10 (64-bit). The same should probably apply to your card as well, which you can test by booting the said computer with a live CD/DVD/USB.

The only problem was the too much power consumption as it was actually a Hybrid Graphics card with an "Integrated" Intel graphics controller and a "Discreet" AMD/ATI one. I finally figured out how to turn off the latter when the computer is running on battery power. See: Error Creating .deb File of AMD Catalyst Driver


I had the same problem. Are you installing the package via the official postgres repos by any chance? If so make sure your Ubuntu Codename is set properly in the apt file to match the repository to use.

$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 15.10
Release:        15.10
Codename:       wily

$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list
deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ wily-pgdg main

Mine was set to precise-pgdg in the apt file instead of wily-pgdg.

If I am correct this problem arises because of a library needed should be compiled using the same compiler used for PgAdmin. As the version of the compiler used differs for precise and wily the packages are not interchangeable in the case of PgAdmin.


How do I install ntfs-3g (ntfsprogs) manually on Ubuntu?

The ntfsprogs package was renamed to ntfs-3g in Ubuntu 13.04. Hence, from Ubuntu 13.04 onwards, one would use:
sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g

However, this package lags a bit behind the latest version. Hence one may wish to compile from source to get the latest version.
As of August 19, 2014, the latest version on the website is 2014.2.15, released on February 23, 2014, and the latest version on Ubuntu 14.04 is 2013.1.13AR.1-2ubuntu2.

To compile from source:
Answered by OP as part of question, as a tutorial.

This is a guide on how to do so...

Right now the ntfs-3g (ntfsprogs) package can be downloaded from: http://www.tuxera.com/community/ntfs-3g-download/
Once downloaded, unzip the archive and cd into the directory into which you unzipped it into.
Run the ./configure command.
After the process completes, type make and hit return.

After following the above mentioned steps, you are free to use the
ntfsfix function to repair your broken NTFS file systems.

My pronouns are He / Him


Will my customized version of 11.10 be broken when I update to 12.04?

Don't think it's going to break, especially given the fact that the version of Gnome3 in 12.04 will remain the same, 3.2.

That said, I wouldn't recommend telling your mother to upgrade on her own. Plan in advance, and do it yourself, so that if something does break, you can take care of it. Read the release notes before upgrading.


Is it possible to make writing to .bash_history immediate?

A simple solution as detailed in Update Bash History in Realtime.

It says to put those commands in the .bashrc config:

shopt -s histappend
PROMPT_COMMAND="history -a;$PROMPT_COMMAND"

The first command changes the .history file mode to append. And the second configures the history -a command to be run at each shell prompt. The -a immediately writes the current/new lines to the history file.

Related for zsh:

How do you share history between terminals in zsh?


The following three packages can't be upgraded, and they are preventing the upgrade to 20.04: kubeadm kubectl kubelet. These packages are not essential to the operating system, and they can be reinstalled after the upgrade. Uninstall the three packages that  can't be upgraded, and the upgrade can continue successfully.
sudo apt remove kubeadm kubectl kubelet


How to install numpy for Python 3.6.5 explicitly


I have downloaded ubuntu but I don't know how to install it

You need to burn the iso to a cd with a software like cdburnerxp. You shouldn't extract the files.

You may also create a usb stick to start from instead with http://www.linuxliveusb.com or something like it.

Then when you restart your PC, hit (f2 or f8 or f10 or f12 or del) one of these keys takes you into the BIOS menu where you can select to boot from CD/DVD drive or USB drive.

Since you seem a little inexperienced, you should consider to find somebody who has installed Ubuntu before and let him walk you through the steps after that.


You can use mimeopen. From man mimeopen

OPTIONS
   -d, --ask-default
       Let the user choose a new default program for given files.

Run the following in a terminal, it will show you the list of available applications. Just provide the number in front of your desired application.

$ mimeopen -d /path/to/anyfile.pdf
Please choose a default application for files of type application/pdf

    1) Document Viewer  (evince)
    2) Foxit Reader  (FoxitReader)
    3) LibreOffice Draw  (libreoffice-draw)
    4) Other...

use application # 2

This onwards FoxitReader will be your default pdf viewer.


how to install and configure Glassfish 4

see http://www.nabisoft.com/tutorials/glassfish/installing-glassfish-41-on-ubuntu

This tutorial tells you in detail how to install Glassfish 4.1 on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS server and it should also work for 14.10 and newer versions of Ubuntu. It also cover some security concerns. Basically, to answer you questions:

you can't run it on port 80 unless you run it as root
however running it as root is a really bad practice (security!!)
there are a few other options to use port 80 and 443, I prefer simply port forwarding via iptables (no apache in front of it, described in my tutorial...)
directories: well, choose what ever you like. in my tutorial I create a user glassfish with an own home at /home/glassfish/ (everything goes in here). But you could choose anything else as well...
Never ever use toot to start the server. in my tutorial I have created a dedicated user "glassfish" which is used to run glassfish.


Creating synaptics entry in xorg.conf cases X to not start

Actually, a Related Questions link answered my question:

xorg.conf in ubuntu Natty 11.04

I just added the settings I wanted to the existing file /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf, and it worked. :)


Google Chrome - Google.com using SHA-1 14.04LTS

I fixed this issue, I had updates off for Ubuntu so that I would not get popup notifications for updates. I just had to re-enable my sources and update libnss3 to get everything fixed up.


If you encounter bugs in the code implementing hibernate and resume it is possible that the system will not resume properly and may need to be power cycled in order to restart everything.

Assuming that didn't happen, what will happen is the following:

After resume you will be running the same kernel version as before you hibernated.
Most user mode software will also be running the same version as before. Even if the old version has been deleted from disk the file system driver will know about open files and keep them physically present on disk until they are no longer in use. That works while the system is running as well as across hibernation. (External storage devices can cause problems, so don't put your root file system or swap on a USB device.)

Thus hibernation will not be a substitute for rebooting if you installed an update that required a reboot to take effect.

Hibernating will restart a few services which will thus be running the latest updated install after resume. However those services could also have been restarted without hibernating.

Some services are automatically restarted when updates are installed.

Applications will generally have to be restarted by the user because it will always be at least a little bit intrusive to the user. Thus you will for example see browsers inform the user that a restart is needed, but the user still decides when it needs to happen.


How can i use the unused space in my HDD and restore it back to original form ?? does Gparted tool help?

First, delete all the old partitions that you don't want, using gparted.  Then resize the remaining partition to take up that extra space.  It's pretty point and click; just be sure and do it from a live CD.

Unneeded; kept for posterity
When you're done, the partition will indeed be bigger, but Ubuntu's ext4 filesystem won't know it.  To fix this, do
resize2fs /dev/sdaX

replacing sdaX with the proper name of your partition.  Then reboot and you should be done!

To make room for ChromeOS, don't resize Ubuntu to take up all of the space; leave an unallocated block for ChromeOS.  I'm not familiar with ChromeOS's install procedure, but it will probably offer to use the unallocated space.


13.04 installed on Parallels on OSX. Very slow graphics performance

Parallels 9 for Mac OS X: In the settings of virtual machine (VM must be shut down), go to Hardware -> Video -> 3D acceleration (On) and start your VM:

OpenGL vendor string:   Parallels and NVIDIA Corporation
OpenGL renderer string: Parallels using NVIDIA GeForce 320M OpenGL Engine
OpenGL version string:  2.1 NVIDIA-10.0.19 310.90.10.05b12

Not software rendered:    yes
Not blacklisted:          yes
GLX fbconfig:             yes
GLX texture from pixmap:  yes
GL npot or rect textures: yes
GL vertex program:        yes
GL fragment program:      yes
GL vertex buffer object:  yes
GL framebuffer object:    yes
GL version is 1.4+:       yes

Unity 3D supported:       yes


No color with Epson xp-440 on Ubuntu 17.04

I am not 100% sure why this is working, but while the printer was turned off, I went through the steps of Add Printer > Select Device > Epson Inject printer #1 appears as a choice, so choose that > Choose Driver from database > Epson > XP-440 > choose the 'escpr', not the driverless cups choice and finish install. When I turn the printer on, the "Epson XP-440 Series on local host" still appears as another printer, but if I print to the Epson XP-440 and NOT to EPSON6612.local, everything works and it is in color. Not really an ideal situation as the .local printer comes and goes depending on whether the printer is on or off, but the 'escpr' printer works, so I'm OK with it!


Disable 'Invisibility on LAN' - NordVPN Linux

Registered here just to answer this question. Long time lurker.
I had the same problem. There is no flag/option for the "invisibility on LAN" feature, however, you can whitelist your entire subnet or a range of it and it effectively fixes the issue.
In my case, I implemented:
nordvpn whitelist add subnet 192.168.1.0/24
This immediately opened up my LAN with NordVPN enabled.


In ubuntu you cannot type @ by pressing Ctrl+Alt+2, if that is your problem.

To type @ you will instead need to press Alt Gr+2.

Good luck.


This is not an answer so much as a confirmation.  Desktop HP Pavillion 690 0073w, intel i5-9600, 16gb ram, Nvidia 1660ti.  This system was my 2nd UBUNTU fresh install.  The first one had an old nvidia gtx 240s graphics.  It installed and worked fine.  The one with 1660ti boots to gnome and STOPS.  I cannot unfreeze it.  It proceeds no further.  I thought it was the install process, so I re-installed 4 times.  On the fourth time, I took a stab at replacing the relatively current NVIDIA card with an old AMD radeon hd 6450 card.  I did a hard restart.  Everything booted fine.  I was able to get past the livepatch set up screen and complete the install.  That showed me that the graphics card is the problem.


Open the dash and type Printers, then click on the "Printers" icon.
That will open up a window that will probably have a list of printers.
Move your cursor to the top of the screen to make the context menu show up, and click "Server" -> "Settings".
That will bring up the server settings window, where you can check the box labeled "publish shared printers connected to this system".

edit: or go here for the answer What is CUPS server and how to share a printer (Locally or over a network)


"Klipper" is part of the plasma-workspace package and cannot be uninstalled without removing all of KDE.

It can be disabled by going to System Tray settings > General > Extra Items.  Uncheck "Clipboard".


Clone Linux Partition Only from Dual Boot 16.04 disk to make new Bootable Linux disk?

Cloning

You can clone the partition with Clonezilla or dd. I would recommend Clonezilla.

Copying with rsync

An alternative (to cloning) is to create a partition with the ext4 file system: copy the content of the earlier root partition to this partition with rsync, when booted from another drive.

sudo rsync -Hav old-root-partition-mountpoint/ new-root-partition-mountpoint

Additional tasks

But cloning/copying the partition is not enough. You must also

create a swap partition or swap file that matches the corresponding line in /etc/fstab
install a bootloader (which will be different depending on the boot mode, UEFI or BIOS (alias CSM or legacy) mode.

If you have some experience of these things or are prepared for some trial and error, good luck :-)

Fresh installation

Otherwise I think, it will be easier to make a fresh installation and later on copy you personal files (documents, pictures, multimedia files) from the old system to the new system.

If you wish, you can create a separate home partition with the ext4 file system: copy the content of the earlier /home directory to this partition, and during the installation select 'Something else' at the partitioning window and let the installer use this partition for /home alongside the root partition (/) and swap partition.

This will preserve the personal files and tweaks (those, that are stored in the home directory (or directories)).


How do I get usb 3.0 driver working or check that it is already working

You can check your USB devices with, e.g., lsusb -t. There should also be listed which driver is in use and at which speed the devices are connected.

It seems like the driver is built into the kernel. But you can check that with the following command. When the setting is y, it is built in the kernel.

grep -i xhci /boot/config-$(uname -r)

The _PLATFORM is normally not needed and is set to m, which is a loadable module.


Command to list services that start on startup?

The quick answer is:  It depends on your init system.

The long answer is:  For current versions of Ubuntu, you probably have a mix of Upstart, and SystemV.  Newer versions of Ubuntu after 15.04 "Vivid Vervet" (and other Linux distros like RHEL/CentOS 7) are moving to use SystemD.

Upstart

Upstart Documentation

To list all services:

sudo initctl list

To list all Upstart services and run initctl show-config on them, this one-liner may be helpful:

sudo initctl list | awk '{ print $1 }' | xargs -n1 initctl show-config

System V

SysV Runlevels Documentation

To list all services:

sudo service --status-all

OR:

# for init scripts:
ls /etc/init.d/

# for runlevel symlinks:
ls /etc/rc*.d/

SystemD

SystemD for Upstart Users
FedoraProject SystemD Documentation
RHEL 7: Managing Services with SystemD
RedHat: SystemD Overview

To list all services:

sudo systemctl list-unit-files --type=service

OR:

ls /lib/systemd/system/*.service /etc/systemd/system/*.service


What does your rfkill list say?

Try to type into your terminal 'rfkill unblock wifi' or 'rfkill unblock wlan'. You might need to execute this as root ('sudo').

Good luck.


How to mount a partially damaged disk in an ubuntu LiveCd boot

I don't see /dev/sda1, I see only /dev/SDA/.
Probably you have destroyed your windows partition.
Can you see on gparted the windows partition?
Probably you can't recover any data....

If you deleted only the first sectors(that contain partition table) you can try to recover it with hiren's tools.

This is all i know, i hope that other can be more usefull.


Upon research and advice from kind people, I have learned grsync must be invoked by the terminal command "sudo grsync". In my case, grsync loaded and ran, but displayed many unusual errors, which I hope to resolve ere long. Thank you.