LibreOffice Writer, Changing orientation only for some pages

Here is the relevant information copied from that page.  Be sure to read all three sections, not just the first one, since they go together.

  The Scope of Page Styles

  You should be aware of the scope of page styles in LibreOffice. Which pages of your text document get affected by editing a page style?

  One Page Long Styles

  A page style can be defined to span one page only. The “First Page” style is an example. You set this property by defining another page style to be the "next style", on the Format - Page - Organizer tab page.

  A one page long style starts from the lower border of the current page style range up to the next page break. The next page break appears automatically when the text flows to the next page, which is sometimes called a "soft page break". Alternatively, you can insert a manual page break.

  To insert a manual page break at the cursor position, press Ctrl+Enter or choose Insert - Manual Break and just click OK.

  Manually Defined Range of a Page style

  The “Default” page style does not set a different "next style" on the Format - Page - Organizer tab page. Instead, the "next style" is set also to be “Default”. All page styles that are followed by the same page style can span multiple pages. The lower and upper borders of the page style range are defined by "page breaks with style". All the pages between any two "page breaks with style" use the same page style.

  You can insert a "page break with style" directly at the cursor position. Alternatively, you can apply the "page break with style" property to a paragraph or to a paragraph style.

  Perform any one of the following commands:

  To insert a "page break with style" at the cursor position, choose Insert - Manual Break, select a Style name from the listbox, and click OK.
  To apply the "page break with style" property to the current paragraph, choose Format - Paragraph - Text Flow. In the Breaks area, activate Enable and With Page Style. Select a page style name from the listbox.
  To apply the "page break with style" property to the current paragraph style, right-click the current paragraph. Choose Edit Paragraph Style from the context menu. Click the Text Flow tab. In the Breaks area, activate Enable and With Page Style. Select a page style name from the listbox.
  To apply the "page break with style" property to an arbitrary paragraph style, choose View - Styles and Formatting. Click the Paragraph Styles icon. Right-click the name of the paragraph style you want to modify and choose Modify. Click the Text Flow tab. In the Breaks area, activate Enable and With Page Style. Select a page style name from the listbox.


What is Wrong with Ubuntu 14.04? Font Rendering Bugs

I have seen similar problems with 14.04. They seemed to be fixed in 14.10, and even better in 15.04 (this latter, specifically regarding nVidia cards). So upgrading will probably be worth a try.

The underlying problem seems to be a bug within Unity itself. I have not encountered anything like it on XFCE, KDE or Cinnamon. If you do not wish to install a full system (maybe on a second partition?), you could try one of these desktop managers, see if it plays better with your graphics card.

HTH.


Upgrade ubuntu 14.04 packages without going to 16.04

That is actually part of the LTS Enablement stack.  It is to give you the hardware support of the Xenial (16.04) Kernel without installing the 16.04 distro.  You should be fine to install that kernel without upgrading to 16.04.

More information can be found here:  https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack


How do I automatically apply the same theme to Chromium for all new users?

User config directory

Chromium does use a ~/.config directory (~/.config/chromium - ~/.config/google-chrome for Google Chrome), customisable using a command line flag:

~ man google-chrome | perl -00 -ne 'print if /\.config/'
       --user-data-dir=DIR
              Specifies  the directory that user data (your "profile") is kept
              in.  Defaults to ~/.config/google-chrome .   Separate  instances
              of  Google  Chrome  must  use  separate  user  data directories;
              repeated invocations of google-chrome  will  reuse  an  existing
              process for a given user data directory.

So, the simplest way to create a new configuration is to run either of these with --user-dir=newconfig, customize as needed, then copy over the newconfig directory to /etc/skel/.config/chromium and /etc/skel/.config/google-chrome.

Administrative policies

The last, but perhaps the most flexible, way would be to use /etc/chromium-browser/policies (or /etc/opt/chrome/policies for Google Chrome). The Chromium Documentation for Administrators has pages for Windows, Mac and Linux.

Essentially, on Linux, you make use of JSON files in policies/managed and policies/recommended. The managed directory is for settings that are enforced - the user can't change them.

I'll just adapt the example given for Linux:

$ cat /etc/chromium/policies/managed/test_policy.json
{
  "HomepageLocation": "www.chromium.org",
  "HomepageIsNewTabPage": false
}

Now, on Chromium, the homepage is locked to www.chromium.org. Correspondingly, if the file had been in recommended, the user can change their home page.

The current list of policies is available here. It lists policies, their descriptions and example values.

To install a theme or an extension, the ExtensionInstallForcelist policy can be used. It can't be recommended, only managed:

$ cat /etc/chromium/policies/managed/test_policy.json
{
    "ExtensionInstallForcelist": [
        "gighmmpiobklfepjocnamgkkbiglidom;https://clients2.google.com/service/update2/crx",
        "jeonacmfdmkgfmmdejlinolgjomhcbmh;https://clients2.google.com/service/update2/crx",
    ],
}

This will install the Adblock Extension and the GData Centers 1 Council Bluffs, Iowa theme.

/etc/chromium-browser/customizations

/etc/chromium-browser/customizations/00-example seems to indicate it can only be used for detecting plugins and adding command line flags:

$ cat etc/chromium-browser/customizations/00-example
##   Register plugins this way.  The two parameters are yours to fill.

#discover_registration /path/to/plugin/plugin.info library-name

##   A way to influence the running. This is read-write for you. Please
##   Append only.

#CHROMIUM_FLAGS="${CHROMIUM_FLAGS} --option=value"

##   Read-only variables guaranteed to be set, with example values.

#APPNAME='chromium-browser'
#BUILD_DIST='Ubuntu 14.04'
#DESKTOP_SESSION='ubuntu'
#LIBDIR='/usr/lib/chromium-browser'
#UPSTREAM_VERSION='34.0.1847.131'

(That's from 48.0.2564.116-0ubuntu0.14.04.1.1111, by the way, despite what the UPSTREAM_VERSION might indicate. And for some reason, only the 32-bit package on Ubuntu 14.04 has it, not the 64-bit one.)

The list of command line flags for Chromium can be found at http://peter.sh/experiments/chromium-command-line-switches/, according to
the Chromium website.

discover_registration doesn't seem to be an executable command - it might be a shell function, but I'm inclined to suspect these files are not parsed by our normal shells. In any case, I think this method is not sufficiently versatile, and it's difficult to override if all you want is for users to start off with some settings while letting them change those later. And the flags don't seem to provide a way of installing a theme or an extension.

GSettings

A quick scan of dconf-editor on my system indicates Google Chrome doesn't use it. Neither, apparently (thanks @Serg), does Chromium.

Conclusion

All told, either of the first two methods can be used, and Google Chrome supports whatever Chromium does, but with different paths. Where Chromium has /etc/chromium-browser and ~/.config/chromium, Google Chrome has /etc/opt/chrome and ~/.config/google-chrome, respectively. The first method is OK for one-time initialization, anything more would require the second method.

Since not all settings can be configured using policies, you might have to use both of them.


You might need to install the proprietary driver for your Broadcom wireless card.

Please press the super key (the windows key) to open your dash, and search "driver" for it:

And open the "Additional Drivers", select the driver and click "Apply changes":


nvidia modules are missing after each kernel upgrade in 18.04

Your dkms is broken. I suggest to fix it this way:

sudo rm -r /var/lib/dkms/nvidia
sudo apt install --reinstall dkms
sudo apt purge 'nvidia.*'
sudo apt install nvidia-driver-415

That will cleanup the dkms directory, create dkms.conf and install the driver properly.


Assuming your distribution uses systemd, systemd's default target is graphical.target.

You can check the default with:

systemctl get-default

You can change the default to multi-user.target with:

systemctl set-default multi-user.target


Most of the time it happens because configuration file has syntax error. To see what is the problem run

journalctl | tail

Or

apache2ctl configtest

It will show you which line caused the problem.

If it doesn't have syntax problem, Remove and install it again:

sudo apt-get purge apache2
sudo apt-get remove apache2
sudo apt-get purge libapache2-mod-php*
sudo apt-get purge php*
sudo apt-get install apache2
sudo apt-get install php7.0 libapache2-mod-php7.0
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart


How do I install mupen64plus on lubuntu?

first download the tar specific for Ubuntu. Open terminal and type

wget https://mupen64plus.googlecode.com/files/mupen64plus-bundle-linux32-2.0.tar.gz

then untar the file

tar xvf mupen64plus-bundle-linux32-2.0.tar.gz

go inside the directory and run the installation

cd mupen64plus-bundle-linux32-2.0.tar.gz
./install.sh

et voilà!


Nautilus missing toolbar, stuck in text-only "location bar" mode after 11.10 upgrade

Nautilus no longer uses GConf to store its settings, it instead uses the newer DConf.

To edit DConf settings install the dconf-tools package and then open dconf
Editor:

The key you are looking for is org ➜ gnome ➜ nautilus ➜ preferences ➜ always-use-location-entry. Make sure it is unchecked:


indicator-kdeconnect is working, but without the indicator in Xubuntu 16.04

If you are using kdeconect 1.0 you will have problems because the dbus calls change on it.  After a long time without any change on indicator-kdeconnect I decided fix it,  you can download and compile it from   https://github.com/Bajoja/indicator-kdeconnect


As Terrance pointed out, this was caused by unclutter.

I simply killed the process and used apt-get remove unclutter to uninstall it.


Traditional search-as-you-type on newer Nautilus versions

Ubuntu 17.10 and later

As the type-ahead search was a Ubuntu-specific patch, it got dropped together with Unity in 17.10. However there is a package called nautilus-typeahead in the Arch repository. Someone took it, compiled for Ubuntu and made a PPA. You can install it by these three commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lubomir-brindza/nautilus-typeahead
sudo apt dist-upgrade
nautilus -r

There is an issue on Launchpad about bringing this behavior back to official Ubuntu.

Ubuntu 14.04 to 17.04

Since the Ubuntu 14.04 LTS release type-ahead-find was the default behaviour in Nautilus again.

You can use a dconf key to switch between the different search modes:

enable type-ahead-find:

gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences enable-interactive-search true
disable type-ahead-find in favor of recursive search:

gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences enable-interactive-search false

Ubuntu 13.04 and 13.10

Nautilus 3.6.X cuts many features from the 3.4 and older versions. Canonical decided to keep using nautilus 3.4.2 in Ubuntu 12.10 because if this even though Nautilus 3.6 was already released. I don't think it is possible to get the old search behaviour in 3.6 but what I did was to install the SolusOS patched Nautilus (also works for Ubuntu 13.04) which includes all the features from 3.4.2 (it really is Nautilus 3.4.2) while maintaining the Nautilus 3.6 skin. I've tested this particular package and it works fine in Ubuntu 12.10 and 13.04.

Alternatively you could install the Nemo File Explorer which is a fork of Nautilus 3.4 that was made due to the Cinnamon dev team being disappointed with Nautilus 3.6, you can get the install instructions here.

Making it your default file browser is a bit more tricky, this blog post worked for me in Ubuntu 12.10 but some users reported the method not to work properly.

There are alternative methods however. See the following question:

Make nemo the default file browser


What is the difference between the core, full, extras and light packages for nginx?

While Steven's answer touches on the key points and a very basic summary of what each flavor is, I'll give you a much larger description of the differences, as I work on the packaging quite a bit, and the very different sets of modules in each is absolutely critical to a good answer.  The basic descriptions don't do much justice to the comparison.  (Also, kudos to Steven quoting my older blog (and even referring to me as a 'maintainer'.  I meant to port the nginx-is-coming-to-main post to my newer blog, but I haven't had the opportunity.)

Also note that the latest packages for the NGINX web server are available in the NGINX PPAs, maintained by myself, based almost entirely off of Debian.  (Stable PPA (1.6.2 as of this post); Mainline PPA (1.7.7 as of this post, with 1.7.8 slated to land on December 4, 2014))

The Different Flavors of nginx:

The different flavors are all the same version of nginx, however the flavors were decided upon by the Debian package maintainers in order to provide different feature sets (for nginx-extras) as well as the bare minimum and the most feature-effective 'full' set of functions that web servers tend to have used in websites.  The exact reason a feature was chosen over another is not known to me, however in supplementary discussion with one of the Debian maintainers on IRC, a statement was made affirming my initial assessment, that each variant was intended on being a different set of features for a different use case - light for a lightweight set of features that meets bare minimum of site hosting, full for a more full set of features without including any much-heavier extras, and extras for pretty much everything that is in the package that can be included in Ubuntu.  naxsi, prior to 15.04, was the Naxsi variant specifically with only the bare minimum of modules in it, as naxsi could be fairly resource intensive.

Supposedly, according to one of the Debian maintainers of NGINX who is regularly coordinating with Upstream NGINX in a private conversation of which I cannot currently post logs, NGINX 2.x is going to have loadable module support.  In which case, light, full, and extras will become metapackages which call upon the individual packages containing each module.  The date this becomes the case is not known, however, nor is which modules will actually be capable of doing this.

As it currently stands, the nginx virtual package is designed to just install one of the available versions.  By default, as nginx-core is in main and we would love if individuals used it more, nginx-core is the first item seen and install-attempted in the virtual package.  (However, the nginx package can rely on any one of the flavors of nginx, and is mainly there to make installation a little bit easier for those who don't need any specific flavor preference)

A detailed breakdown with the specific modules available in each variant (based off of the Vivid debian/control file and the Trusty debian/control file (as the Naxsi packages have been removed in Vivid)) is available below.  Note that this does not reflect the most up to date changes in Ubuntu, and you should refer to those package descriptions to make sure you have updated, accurate information:

nginx-core is the only flavor in the Main section of the Ubuntu Repositories, as of 14.04, and exists only in the Ubuntu repositories (and is not in the PPAs or Debian, and is not going to be included in Debian ever).  It is effectively identical to the nginx-full flavor, but does not contain any third party modules.  The reasoning behind using nginx-full as the base for this variant was that we wanted to provide a relatively-full-fledged set of core modules in the built binaries, while keeping third party modules out at the same time.  As such, it does not contain any of the third-party modules, since the Security Team did a review of the code and found that third party modules have widely varying coding styles which aren't as nicely supported as the nginx-tarball-included modules (this is discussed more in-depth in the Main Inclusion Request/Report bug, which contains the discussion points and further review discussions as to what could be included in Ubuntu Main for nginx).  A full list of the modules enabled here is in the package description, which I've nitpicked here:

  STANDARD HTTP MODULES: Core, Access, Auth Basic, Auto Index, Browser,
  Charset, Empty GIF, FastCGI, Geo, Gzip, Headers, Index, Limit Requests,
  Limit Zone, Log, Map, Memcached, Proxy, Referer, Rewrite, SCGI,
  Split Clients, SSI, Upstream, User ID, UWSGI.

  OPTIONAL HTTP MODULES: Addition, Debug, GeoIP, Gzip Precompression, HTTP Sub,
  Image Filter, IPv6, Real IP, Spdy, SSL, Stub Status, Substitution, WebDAV,
  XSLT.

  MAIL MODULES: Mail Core, IMAP, POP3, SMTP, SSL.

nginx-light is the lightest flavor of nginx available.  It is in the Universe repository and you have to have that enabled to use it.  It does not enable a large amount of the modules available in -core or -full.  It also contains third-party modules.  The modules available in it are as follows:

  STANDARD HTTP MODULES: Core, Access, Auth Basic, Auto Index, Charset,
  Empty GIF, FastCGI, Gzip, Headers, Index, Log, Map, Proxy, Rewrite, Upstream.

  OPTIONAL HTTP MODULES: Auth Request, Debug, Gzip Precompression, IPv6, Real
  Ip, SSL, Stub Status.

  THIRD PARTY MODULES: Echo.

nginx-full is one of the more feature-rich flavors of the nginx package.  Like its light counterpart, it is in the Universe repository.  It enables most of the core included modules that are standard and optional in the from-nginx source tarball, as well as several more third-party modules designed to extend the capabilities of the nginx web server.  It's modules are as follows:

  STANDARD HTTP MODULES: Core, Access, Auth Basic, Auto Index, Browser,
  Charset, Empty GIF, FastCGI, Geo, Gzip, Headers, Index, Limit Requests,
  Limit Zone, Log, Map, Memcached, Proxy, Referer, Rewrite, SCGI,
  Split Clients, SSI, Upstream, User ID, UWSGI.

  OPTIONAL HTTP MODULES: Addition, Auth Request, Debug, GeoIP, Gzip
  Precompression, HTTP Sub, Image Filter, IPv6, Real IP, Spdy, SSL, Stub Status,
  Substitution, WebDAV, XSLT.

  MAIL MODULES: Mail Core, IMAP, POP3, SMTP, SSL.

  THIRD PARTY MODULES: Auth PAM, DAV Ext, Echo, HTTP Substitution Filter,
  Upstream Fair Queue.

nginx-extras is the most feature-rich flavor of the nginx package.  And like its full and light brothers, it too is in the Universe repository.  It enables all of the modules in nginx-full but also includes additional modules (such as the Perl module), and many more third-party modules designed to even further extend the capabilities of the nginx web server.  Its full modules list is below:

  STANDARD HTTP MODULES: Core, Access, Auth Basic, Auto Index, Browser,
  Charset, Empty GIF, FastCGI, Geo, Gzip, Headers, Index, Limit Requests,
  Limit Zone, Log, Map, Memcached, Proxy, Referer, Rewrite, SCGI,
  Split Clients, SSI, Upstream, User ID, UWSGI.

  OPTIONAL HTTP MODULES: Addition, Auth Request, Debug, Embedded Perl, FLV,
  GeoIP, Gzip Precompression, Image Filter, IPv6, MP4, Random Index, Real IP,
  Secure Link, Spdy, SSL, Stub Status, Substitution, WebDAV, XSLT.

  MAIL MODULES: Mail Core, IMAP, POP3, SMTP, SSL.

  THIRD PARTY MODULES: Auth PAM, Chunkin, DAV Ext, Echo, Embedded Lua,
  Fancy Index, HttpHeadersMore, HTTP Substitution Filter, http push,
  Nginx Development Kit, Upload Progress, Upstream Fair Queue.

nginx-naxsi is the variant of nginx which has the Naxsi Web Application Firewall module available.  It too is in Universe, however this flavor is no longer supported by Debian maintainers, and will be completely dropped from Ubuntu with the 15.04 release.  In addition to the Naxsi WAF module, it also includes a much lighter set of modules than nginx-full. The full list of modules is below:

  STANDARD HTTP MODULES: Core, Access, Auth Basic, Auto Index, Browser,
  Charset, Core, Empty GIF, FastCGI, Geo, Gzip, Headers, Index,
  Limit Requests, Limit Zone, Log, Map, Memcached, Proxy, Referer,
  Rewrite, Split Clients, SSI, Upstream, User ID.

  OPTIONAL HTTP MODULES: Debug, IPv6, Real IP, SSL, Stub Status.

  THIRD PARTY MODULES: Naxsi, Cache Purge, Upstream Fair.

Resource Usage Among the Flavors

While I am not aware of any benchmarks that have been run on the various flavors of nginx, it is typically logical to assume that the more feature-enabled the version of nginx you use, the more resources it would use.

However, unlike Apache which can be something of a memory whore with the more modules enabled, nginx still does not eat as much memory compared to Apache when modules are enabled.  (The exception to this statement is the naxsi flavor.  That flavor always eats a lot more resources, as it is a Web Application Firewall as well as a web server.)

I will add benchmarks to this answer if I find them, but again, I am not aware of any existing benchmarks for the various flavors against each other.  And even though the sites I run don't have heavy traffic, I haven't noticed any real performance decrease between nginx-extras, nginx-full, or nginx-light on a PHP-driven site.


First, I'd recommend booting to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB and see if the fans behave there. If they run fast, you may wish to check your BIOS for fan control settings.

It doesn't appear that pwmconfig is supported on 18.10.

To run fancontrol, you need lm-sensors.

I'd recommend thermald instead of the above...

To install thermald...

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install thermald

Thermald comes with a default configuration file at /etc/thermald/thermal-conf.xml that will control most computers, but may need to be customized for some computers. See man thermal-conf.xml for some details and examples. Once one has modified the configuration file, stop thermald and restart it:

sudo service thermald restart

After installing thermald, I'd stop the thermald process, and run it manually as sudo thermald --no-daemon to watch its actions in real time. This real time info can be used to create your own customized thermal-conf.xml file. See man thermald for more information.

sudo service thermald stop
sudo thermald --no-daemon --loglevel=debug

You can search for thermald here on Ask Ubuntu to see what previous answers there are.

A good starter reference is at https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/PowerManagement/ThermalIssues


Can I make apps for ubuntu using a Windows PC?

Write them in a language available on both platforms.
One example would be to write it in Java.


"Simple Touch UI" not available in ubuntu-sdk

The QT5 was not correctly detected and thus it affected the project templates available.

This answer instructs how to fix it.


How do I install a software as admin for the standard user to use?

In most cases, installing applications for all users on Ubuntu requires root access.  Binaries are installed in /usr/bin, which is writable only by root, and likewise for other installed files.

The usual way to install packages from the command line is using the apt-get tool, running under sudo:

sudo apt-get install package-name

If you run this from an account that has sudo access, it will prompt for your password and then run the command as root.

There are also GUI package managers; they'll prompt for your password when you do anything that requires root access.

  However, as far as i understand, it is not safe to use the admin account daily.

It's not safe to run an interactive shell under the root account. It's too easy for a typo in a command to mess up your system. That's why sudo exists -- so you can (carefully!) execute individual commands as root while being logged in as an ordinary user.

I suppose that setting up one user account with sudo access, and another user account without sudo access (and using the latter for most purposes) is slightly safer than giving your usual user account sudo access.  I've never bothered to do that myself. If the system is not shared with other users, I suggest just configuring your own account with sudo access and being careful about what you use it for. You'll have root access, but you won't be able to use it accidentally; typing sudo will be a reminder that you're doing something that could be dangerous.

Based on the information in this question, it looks like Aptana has to be installed by unzipping a downloaded file under /opt.  The same considerations apply. Rather than running apt-get install under sudo, you'll just run unzip under sudo.

It's good to be cautious, even a bit paranoid, about using root privileges -- but if you need to install software, you need to use your root privileges.

Some software can be configured for installation under your home directory, to be used only from your own user account. On the other hand, some software is preconfigured to assume that, for example, its binaries are under /usr/bin. I don't know whether you can install Aptana under an ordinary user account. But judging from the answer to the linked question, I'd probably just go ahead and install it under /opt. There's always a risk in installing any third-party software, but people do it all the time.

On further thought, let me clarify some points.

There are (to an initial rough approximation) three kinds of accounts on the system:

The root account. This account can do anything on the system: install software, read other users' files, reformat the disk. In normal usage, you should probably never login to this account.
One or more administrative users. These are people who are trusted to use root privileges, for example to install software packages to be used by everyone on the system. Each administrative user can use the sudo command.
Zero or more non-administrative users. These users do not have sudo access, and cannot install software outside their own home directories.

The systems I use have a single administrative user (me) and no non-administrative users, since I either own or control the entire system for my own use. A multi-user system will of course have more accounts.

It's also possible to modify the sudoers file to permit some users to run only certain commands as root; those users would be somewhere between 2 and 3 in the above list.

If you're the only user of the system (something that wasn't clear from your question), just set up a user account for yourself with sudo privileges. Use sudo only for administrative activities like installing software.

(Sorry about the length of this answer. I haven't had time to make it shorter.)


What is the relationship between .gconf, .gnome2, .cache, .local, and other dot-file hierarchies in my home directory?

.local, .cache, and .config are part of the FreeDesktop Base Directory Specification. They should not actually be hard-coded but instead use the environment variables (i.e. $XDG_DATA_HOME, $XDG_CACHE_HOME, and $XDG_CONFIG_HOME). There are GLib and Python wrappers for the spec that may be helpful as well. Here's an example in Python:

>>> import xdg.BaseDirectory
>>> print xdg.BaseDirectory.xdg_data_home
/home/andrew/.local/share
>>> print xdg.BaseDirectory.xdg_config_home
/home/andrew/.config
>>> print xdg.BaseDirectory.xdg_cache_home
/home/andrew/.cache

.gnome and .gnome2 are indeed deprecated and should not be used. These were used by libgnome's gnome-config module.

.gconf does indeed contain the settings that gconf-editor accesses as xml files. For instance, compare the output of the following commands:

gconftool -a /desktop/gnome/applications/browser

cat ~/.gconf/desktop/gnome/applications/browser/%gconf.xml


I think changing only lock screen, not the login manager (i.e diplay manager) would be littl hard. But as you told in the question, you can change the lock screen background.

Simplest way to do that would be overwrite the /usr/share/wallpaper/Elarun/content/images/1366×768.png image with your custom one with same name.

But there is another and safer way to do that.

Not that here ~/.kde4 may be diffrent according to you kde version

mkdir -p ~/.kde4/share/wallpapers/MyWallpaper/contents/images
cp yourImage.png ~/.kde4/share/wallpapers/MyWallpaper/contents/images/1366x768.png

Now create  a file ~/.kde4/share/wallpapers/MyWallpaper/metadata.desktop with following contents

[Desktop Entry]
Name=MyWallpaper
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Name=MyWallpaper

Now modify your plasma theme metadata fiel to use this file.

~/.kde4/share/apps/desktoptheme/< your_Theme_Name >/metadata.desktop
(if this file is not present, create one) and fillowing contents.

[Wallpaper]
defaultWallpaperTheme=MyWallpaper
defaultFileSuffix=.png
defaultWidth=1366
defaultHeight=768

Change defaultWidth and defaultHeight according to your resolution.

Source : CHANGE THE KDE LOCK SCREEN BACKGROUND


What can I do if paid apps won't install in Software Center?

Alright, I've resolved the issue to my own satisfaction, although whether or not future paid apps will work, I don't know short of purchasing another app - something I'm not willing to do right now.

For Messenger-ubuntu, the developer again got back to me (unprompted this time), this time providing me a link to download the .deb file to install directly. It was a surprise actually. Anyway, I installed the .deb package from the command line and the app works fine.

As far as Software Center recommendations failing to turn on, it was just as I suspected - my password change caused the fault. This was resolved by opening Passwords and Keys, clicking Login in the left-hand panel, and deleting the entry for Ubuntu One. I then reopened Software Center and entered my Ubuntu One credentials again. It logged in and loaded my recommendations just fine.


How To Install JAVA EE in Ubuntu 11.04 properly?

Can't you just sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jdk sun-java6-jre ?
Or install the sun-java6-jdk / sun-java6-jre packages with synaptic?

After it finishes try java -version to test it is installed.


How to keep "dot files" under version control?

I did not know if there was anything that did this so I whipped up some code to achieve exactly what you want using my repository here: http://github.com/robertmassaioli/config-files

I have a file that says where all of the files belong and the generate_links program just puts them all there. If you know what you are doing and can compile some Haskell code then it is really simple and easy. Though be warned that it really was made for my own personal use.


Ubuntu 12.04 and Hyper-V 2008 R2 SCVMM - Network cable unplugged

I have the same issue. However, I tried to install 12.04 server 32-bit and that worked with no problem. It seems, for me anyway, that this is an issue with the 64-bit version.
I'm running the stand alone Hyper-V 2008 server on an HP Proliant DL360 Gen8.


shutter, is one of the best. Feaure full and fast.

Features:

take a screenshot of your complete desktop, a rectangular area or capture a website
take screenshot directly or with a specified delay time
save the screenshots to a specified directory and name them in a convenient way (using special wild-cards)
Shutter is fully integrated into the GNOME Desktop (TrayIcon etc.)
generate thumbnails directly when you are taking a screenshot and set a size level in %
Shutter session collection
keep track of all screenshots during session
copy screeners to clipboard
print screenshots
delete screenshots
rename your file
upload your files directly to Image-Hosters (e.g. http://ubuntu-pics.de), retrieve all the needed links and share them with others
edit your screenshots directly using the embedded drawing tool

Install

shutter is available in the official repo, from 13.10 and older. The shutter PPA supports all of them and newer versions of Ubuntu, therefore we will use the PPA as our main install method. You will also be updated via the Update Manager when you add the PPA.

PPA

For the latest version of shutter, add the official ppa to your sources:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:shutter/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install shutter

The ppa supports the following Ubuntu versions:

Utopic (14.10), Trusty (14.04), Saucy (13.10), Raring (13.04), Quantal (12.10), Precise (12.04), Oneiric (11.10), Natty (11.04), Maverick (10.10), Lucid (10.04), Karmic (9.10), Jaunty (9.04), Intrepid (8.10), Hardy (8.04), Gutsy (7.10).

Screen-shot:


What's apt-get's equivalent option of this dpkg command?

Like Dennis said, apt-get is a layer on top of dpkg (or other local package managers such as rpm). dpkg manages the local packages on the machine, while apt-get provides a way to grab packages from distant repositories and resolve dependencies between packages that will be handed to dpkg.

dpkg -L <package_file>

lists the files provided by a package already installed on the machine.

With apt-get, you might want to list the files that a package provides, even if it is not installed in your system. Fortunately for you, there is a tool for that, called apt-file, which needs to be installed in addition to apt-get. You can use it this way:

# Install apt-file
$ sudo apt-get install apt-file
# update apt-file's cache (different than apt-get's, namely apt-cache)
$ sudo apt-file update
# display the contents of a package
$ sudo apt-file list <package_name>

Note that apt-file uses special files on the package repository called Contents files. While all official repositories have these files, some third-party repositories might not have them, so apt-file won't be able to list the contents of packages on these repositories.

man apt-file

will also list other nice things you can do with apt-file, such as apt-file search <keyword> which lets you find which packages provide a given file.


Can we replace the kernel config file and get the desired changes in the kernel?

It is possible. What you need to do is to copy the configuration file to .config in the root of the source tree and then run make oldconfig so that it can prompt you for options that have been added to the new version.


How to enable option of Hibernate in ubuntu 12.04?

Open terminal and run this command:

sudo gedit /var/lib/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/hibernate.pkla

Copy, paste and save.

[Re-enable Hibernate]

Identity=unix-user:*
Action=org.freedesktop.upower.hibernate
ResultActive=yes

Reboot your system.


How do I set a picture for my user on the login screen in Lubuntu 20.04?

There is a good guide for this on https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/SDDM#Installation

User icon (avatar) SDDM reads the user icon (a.k.a. "avatar") as a PNG
image from either ~/.face.icon for each user, or the common location
for all users specified by FacesDir in an SDDM configuration file. The
configuration setting can be placed in either /etc/sddm.conf directly,
or, better, a file under /etc/sddm.conf.d/ such as
/etc/sddm.conf.d/avatar.conf.
To use the FacesDir location option, place a PNG image for each user
named username.face.icon at the location specified by the FacesDir key
in the configuration file. The default location for FacesDir is
/usr/share/sddm/faces/. You can change the default FacesDir location
to suit your needs. Here is an example:
/etc/sddm.conf.d/avatar.conf
[Theme]
FacesDir=/var/lib/AccountsService/icons/

I Just kept the pic I wanted in /usr/share/sddm/faces/ with the name <user-name>.face.icon As per the wiki it seems only .png files are supported.


I use Azenis. It's a animated one that's not too animated. You can find more at gnome-look.org and clicking on x11 cursor themes.


How can I set the default view per folder in Nautilus, Thunar, and PCManFM?

Turns out that this is the actual intended behavior of Nautilus. It does not remember the view settings per folder; it's just one global setting in File > Preferences > Default View section. This change probably came starting from Nautilus 3.5.x, as pointed out in @Chriki's answer.

However, Nemo file manager does remember the view settings for each folder, so I ended up installing it.

To install the latest stable Nemo release, type the following in a terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gwendal-lebihan-dev/cinnamon-stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nemo

Source: How to install Nemo file manager in Ubuntu


The content of kubernetes.list is creating problems. Since this file only contains a single line which is obviously not correct so it is better to either delete the file using:

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list

or open file using nano:

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list

and put # before the line to comment it out. Save file using Ctrl+X. and try updating again.


After updating ubuntu 12.04 ... no boot is detected

make a Boot-Repair-Disk cd and run Boot-Repair

Alternatively, boot off your Ubuntu Install CD and run the following commands in a terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && (boot-repair &)

then launch boot-repair


Installing EFI to Raid 1 using partman and seed file, on both drives

Found the winning combo for my situation.  This trashes all Raid/Physical Partitions/LWM, etc so the seed install starts out with a totally clean slate.  Tested and confirmed on multiple boxes with multiple partition schemes in place.

# Disk Partitioning
# Use LVM, and wipe out anything that already exists
d-i partman/early_command string vgs -separator=: -noheadings | cut -f1 -d: | while     read vg ; do vgchange -an \$vg ; done ; pvs -separator=: -noheadings | cut -f1 -d: |     while read pv ; do pvremove -ff -y \$pv ; done

d-i partman/early_command \
     string /bin/dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1

d-i partman/early_command \
     string /bin/dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=512 count=1

# Disk Partitioning

d-i     partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm                 boolean true
d-i     partman-md/device_remove_md                   boolean true
d-i     partman-lvm/confirm                           boolean true
d-i     partman-auto/disk                             string /dev/sda /dev/sdb
d-i     partman-auto/method                           string raid
d-i     partman-auto-lvm/new_vg_name                  string vg0
d-i     partman-auto-lvm/guided_size                  string 90%
d-i     partman-auto/expert_recipe string \
    efi-lvm ::      \
256 10 256 fat32        \
    \$primary{ }         \
    \$lvmignore{ }       \
    method{ efi }       \
    format{ }           \
.\
    20000 30 1000000000 raid    \
    \$lvmignore{ }      \
    \$primary{ }        \
    method{ raid }      \
    .\
    20000 50 400000 ext4    \
    \$defaultignore{ }  \
    \$lvmok{ }      \
    lv_name{ root }     \
    method{ format }    \
    format{ }       \
    use_filesystem{ }   \
    filesystem{ ext4 }  \
    mountpoint{ / }     \
    label{ Root }       \
    .\
    2048 40 2048 swap   \
    \$defaultignore{ }  \
    \$lvmok{ }      \
    lv_name{ swap }     \
    method{ swap }      \
    format{ }       \
    .

d-i     partman-auto-raid/recipe string \
    1 2 0 lvm - /dev/sda2#/dev/sdb2 \
    .
d-i     partman-md/confirm                            boolean true

d-i     partman-partitioning/confirm_write_new_label  boolean true
d-i     partman/choose_partition                      select Finish partitioning and     write changes to disk
d-i     partman/confirm                               boolean true
# d-i     partman-md    partman-md/confirm_nochanges    boolean false
d-i     partman-md/confirm_nooverwrite                boolean true
d-i     partman/confirm_nooverwrite                   boolean true
d-i     mdadm/boot_degraded             boolean true

And there you go.  It creates VG-root and swap across a raid 1 partition across two disks, along with having a partition on each disk suitable for EFI.
Ask any questions if you need to.  I've got a better hang on this now, and can answer some relating to Ubuntu seed disk configuration on Trusty 14.04 LTS

Thanks


I finally managed to fixed it! This was very helpful!

SOLUTION:

Once the login screen pop up, press CTRL+ALT+F1/F2 (not sure which F key did the trick, try both) and a command line will appear asking you to login. After logging in, run the following command:

$ sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Find the line that reads

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=”quiet splash”

and change it to read

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=”quiet splash nouveau.modeset=0 tpm_tis.interrupts=0 acpi_osi=Linux i915.preliminary_hw_support=1 idle=nomwait”

After you exit with CTRL+X and save it, make sure to update the grub with

$ sudo update-grub

And finally after everything was updated (to make sure the grub was updated, run the first command again to see the changes), reboot the computer and there you go! Ubuntu Gnone successfully installed!


Network Card Atheros problem Ubuntu 12.10

This is the solution for the problem

It's the old hwcrypt problem. In case you upgrade the kernel, and have no access to the web, don't blame network manager or wpasupplicant, create a file named

/etc/modprobe.d/ath9k.conf

with the contents

options ath9k nohwcrypt=1

and reboot


Where is the MinimalCd / mini.iso for Groovy Gorilla?

The mini.iso for 20.10 was not produced.
We have already asked Canonical to continue providing such images. But no luck.
So personally I'm happy with the following solution:

Download mini.iso for 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa) from
http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/focal/main/installer-amd64/current/legacy-images/netboot/mini.iso

Install the minimal system from mini.iso for 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa)

Upgrade just installed minimal system from 20.04 LTS to 20.10
sudo sed -i "s/Prompt=lts/Prompt=normal/" /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades
sudo do-release-upgrade

Use minimal Ubuntu 20.10 (Groovy Gorilla) system as a starting point.

I will use this solution until Canonical developers change their mind about this problem.
Existence of netboot mini.iso is essential thing.
It is a way to have highly customized system (yes, without Snaps) to start from scratch, to use apt with --no-install-recommends and --no-install-suggests on minimal system to keep it really minimal.
It is like stage3 for Gentoo.
It should be noted that Debian still have netinst images for stable and even testing versions.
So I hope that the next LTS - 22.04 LTS will have traditional mini.iso in place.

Stuff to read and engage:

https://pad.lv/1884538
https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/installing-groovy-via-pxe-boot/18494
https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/netbooting-the-live-server-installer/14510
Participate in Poll about possible netboot mini.iso revival in future Ubuntu releases


Reinstalling may be an option, see https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/phone/devices/installing-ubuntu-for-devices/


personalize session list on (KDM|GDM|LightDM|some_other)

The answer is no, it's not possible without modifying Unity Greeter (and maybe also lightdm).  All the valid sessions listed in /usr/share/xsessions will be shown.


In what ways its harms OS and/or hardware.

It can cause hard disk errors, but that can happen using any OS, not just ubuntu. Fortunately, chances of that happening are very small.


gnome-online-account remembers my google password?

You can use seahorse (the application) to see what login/passwords gnome is storing.


How to execute a shutdown with timer and screensaver command in a script

Solution to problem 1 and 2:

You need to edit your /etc/sudoers (sudo visudo) file to add the relevant entry to grant the passwordless sudo permission for the user to run this script (not the shutdown command) :

foo spamegg = (root) NOPASSWD: /path/to/script.sh

Here foo is the username, spamegg is the hostname, replace the /path/to/script.sh accordingly. Now run the command as (make the script executable):

sudo /path/to/script.sh

Note that the gnome-screensaver-command -a command will also run as root, if you don't want that you need to grant the permission for passwordless sudo shutdown command for the user:

foo spamegg = (root) NOPASSWD: /sbin/shutdown

The second problem is due to the fact that in your current script the gnome-screensaver-command -a will only run after the completion of shutdown command. As the shutdown command will actually be executed after 30 minutes, hence its in a blocking state. To solve this you can put the shutdown command in the background :

shutdown -h +30 &
gnome-screensaver-command -a

In a nutshell, you can make the script as following :

#!/bin/bash
shutdown -h +30 &
gnome-screensaver-command -a

Run it as :

sudo /path/to/script.sh

Before using sudo, store the script in a secure place, it must only be accessible to you and you must be sure of the contents of the script.


How do I disable spell checking in Thunderbird?

Try Edit > Preferences > Composition > Spelling (tab) > "Enable spell check as you type"


How to configure Apache to Multiple subdomains

Yes it is possible, but in the article VirtualHost Examples is no mentioned syntax like ServerName *.domain.com.br. In this case you have to use ServerAlias directive, and the VirtualHost configuration should be something like this:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName domain.com.br
    ServerAlias *.domain.com.br

    ServerAdmin ti@domain.com.br
    DocumentRoot /var/www/application
</VirtualHost>

Please note that the directive ServerAlias can be used only in the virtual host context.

I think in the case when all of your sub-domains points to one DocumentRoot folder, if you set ServerName in server context the result will be almost the same:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName domain.com.br
    ServerAlias *.domain.com.br

    ServerAdmin ti@domain.com.br
    DocumentRoot /var/www/application
</VirtualHost>

In this case you must enter in /etc/hosts following:

xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx  domain.com.br

Where xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx is your server's IP address.


Ubuntu won't boot after deleting Windows-Partition

The supposed duplicate answer did not work.
This is how I finally solved this issue after hours of research, hope this will help someone:
1. Boot Ubuntu Live Version from USB
2. In gparted, create a new 200 MiB partition (FAT-32)
3. Move it to the very front (left) of the hard-drive.
4. Right click the new partition and flag it as esp and boot.
IT WILL LOOK LIKE THIS
5. Download and run GRUB2 repair: https://www.howtogeek.com/114884/how-to-repair-grub2-when-ubuntu-wont-boot/
6. Click Recommended Repair - if an error comes - please make sure steps 1-4 have been done correctly and applied with the green tick-mark at the very top in gparted
7. Just execute the instruction (copy-paste like 5 lines into the terminal)
8. The program will say it is done and spit out an URL. just save/write down the URL in case there are any problems.
9. You can now reboot and your Ubuntu should work, without any data loss!


I lost my original photo when i cropped using shotwell

Unfortunately, the only way to restore your original is to restore from a back-up... :-(


By clicking Edit button of Gnome Login Sound in Startup Applications Preferences, you should check if the path is correct and is a valid path.  If the path contains a regular wav file, it should work properly.

Edit: Of course, you can delete this option if you don't wanna.


WiFi adapter not found in ubuntu 20.04 in hp

My solution has been to use wired connection (through a USB/RJ-45 Hub and Ethernet cable) to have Internet access in order to download and install the WiFi Driver.
So, when you are connected :

open Software and Updates
go on the Additionnal drivers tab
check Use DKMS source for the Realtek xxxx PCIe WiFi Driver...
click Apply

If you didn't already enable the "Secure Boot" / MOK upon Ubuntu Install you will have to do it, so next steps will apply :

It'll ask you to fill out a new password for this install.
when you reboot the system, it'll open up MOK management.
Click on Enroll MOK.
You'll need to type the password for this install that you set in step        '5' (If you don't do this step your install will be canceled.)
It'll give your an option to Reboot the system.

Since Ubuntu 20.04, you need to enable Secure Boot during Ubuntu install to have access to theese kind of "proprietary" driver


lm-sensors and psensor have different temp1 readings

When you say you run lm-sensors, I assumed you meant sensors, because that is the binary that lm-sensors installs.  But in your comment you say you are running service lm-sensors status which is your problem.  What isn't included in your screenshot is the timestamp that is also on that line.  When I run that, I get:
  Dec 04 10:59:38 redacted-hostname sensors[878]: temp1:        +42.0°C  (crit = +128.0°C)

Notice the timestamp, 34 days ago.  When I run uptime I get 34 days.  That output you see from service is from the startup logs of the service.


Here are the modifications I can remember (all added after the install to fix various problems):

"nomodeset" and "b43.blacklist=yes" added to the grub file
"FRAMEBUFFER=Y" added to /etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf

I think I did have to check options acpi=off and nomodeset when I installed Ubuntu; the LiveCD wasn't booting in trial mode. (ETA: also possibly noapic. Brilliantly, I checked these not being entirely sure what they mean, but I was desperate)


apt-get returns [x] yyyy and stalls during download

The & operator is specially used for executing a task in background, representing like you see (with the [X] YYYY). YYYY is the PID number of the task in background, and X is the number you assigned at this background task (like a counter).

PID will change every time, it will increment itself like a counter, and X would be reset when you will close the terminal. If you type kill -9 YYYY where YYYY is the PID number of this background task; terminal will prompted [X] Stopped, that means your background task is ... stopped.

There is no problem with that, just a little mistake from your command, which would be sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y.

NB: Usually, when you use a command line (without the & operator), you can't use another one in the same terminal unless the command line is done, but when you add the & operator, the terminal will accept another command at same time (but without output and error redirection, it can be hard to type something, so you can also use nohup).


I removed the symbolic links posted in my question.

Then with @shuttle87's suggestion in askubuntu
I did the following:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall binutils
sudo apt-get install --reinstall build-essential
sudo apt-get install --reinstall libc6-dev
sudo apt-get install --reinstall gcc-4.7-multilib
sudo apt-get install --reinstall g++-4.7-multilib

Then this worked:  gcc -m32 foo.c
to compile for 80386.

But to compile for x86-64 gcc foo.c did NOT work.

So I tried:

 gcc foo.c -L /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu

But that didn't work either. Finally had to:

export LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu

Before gcc foo.c would work.

I used "readelf -h" to verify that the executables
were 80386 and X86-64.

Don't understand why the 'L' flag didn't work...

But at least I got those symbolic links removed and can cross-compile easily enough using the "export".


Ubuntu server error: file '/grub/i386-pc/normal.mod' not found. grub rescue>

fixed it by setting to disable a certain boot method EFI located from my bios

link here

error: file '/grub/i386-pc/normal.mod' not found in ubuntu 13.10


Set and export the PULSE_SERVER environment variable to be the path of the Unix domain socket of the pulseaudio server that is running on your file server.  For example, I use:

export PULSE_SERVER=/run/user/1000/pulse/native

The exact path will depend on how pulseaudio is configured on your file server.

After you export PULSE_SERVER, then run Clementine.

Documentation of PULSE_SERVER is here on freedesktop.org.

For another possible solution (that I have not verified) see this answer:
How to start/configure pulseaudio remotely with ssh?


Your setxkbmap command should be something like:

setxkbmap -layout us, bd -variant ,probhat

so it knows that probhat is the variant of bd layout.

Also you should change they keybinding to get rid of conflict with i3wm's meta key, I suggest using: grp:alt_shift_toggle (Alt+Shift).

The final command:

setxkbmap -layout us, bd -variant ,probhat -option 'grp:alt_shift_toggle'


14.10 > 15.04 upgrade failed to install grub-efi-amd64-signed on Asus X205TA

I've been getting this error when installing from scratch. I was attempting to overwrite my old partitions, and let the installer handle it automatically by selecting "Erase Ubuntu and reinstall" (at least, I think that's what it said). It would error out at trying to install grub2. I resolved it by selecting "something else" on install, and specifying to format my Ubuntu partition. At that point, it worked without a hitch.

I think this is because the EFI partition gets corrupted in some way. You could try running dosfsck on the EFI partition. At least, that's what this bug report says: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub-installer/+bug/1434871

I do not know if you can ignore the error. It left my system in an unbootable state, though, so I'd certainly be careful with it. If you are able to boot without a problem, then it's probably just going to cause errors when you try to update until this is repaired.


Create new partition without removing old ones

Welcome to Ask Ubuntu!  There is a rule that a hard disk with a Master Boot Record (MBR) can only have four "primary" partitions, or three primary partitions and an "extended" partition (which can contain more partitions).    If you need more than four partitions total, you must create an extended partition.  You probably can't create a swap partition because you have three partitions already, and you'll need one more for Ubuntu and one for the swap partition, which makes five, so you'll need an extended partition.

There is a program on the Ubuntu DVD or USB stick called Gparted (which stands for graphical partition editor).  It's a great tool for resizing partitions (and creating and deleting them too).

The easiest way to solve the problem is to boot to the Ubuntu DVD or USB stick, run Gparted, and resize the Windows partition as necessary to get some free space.  75 GB is enough space for Ubuntu for starters if you have a small disk.  Leave the free space in a contiguous unallocated block.  Then reboot to Windows so that it can run chkdsk, which it runs after you resize its partition, so that you know Windows is happy.  Then boot to the Ubuntu DVD or USB stick and choose the "install alongside Windows" option, which will magically appear if there is enough unallocated space on the hard disk.  "Install alongside Windows" will automatically create an extended partition as necessary, and an ext4 partition for Ubuntu and a swap partition.

Good luck!


posting HTML req to RESTART ROUTER via terminal on CURL fails

Stick to what works for you. Based on your now previous comment, it's possible there's some special character in your password; try wrapping your credentials in quotes, e.g. -u "admin:pass".

If Wget works, use it instead; you can use -O - switch to redirect output to console (similar to Curl's default behaviour), instead of saving the file.

Sending a data as POST request may also work, e.g.:

curl -u 'admin:mypass' --form 'restoreFlag=0&Restart=RESTART' 'http://192.168.1.1/Forms/tools_system_1'

Also notice that in your output, router returned different message for -i and --verbose flags—401 Unauthorized for -i and 303 See Other for --verbose. The latter, I assume, lead to a successful restart. I don't think that flags are related to router's behaviour, it seems to be completely random.

Anyway, I don't think this question is specific for Ubuntu in any way, I recommend asking at SuperUser.


I'm having a hard time installing Google Chrome on 16.04 LTS, please help?

Yup, get the same thing, running sudo apt-get -f install fixes it.  Don't put the package name, apt-get will figure it out.  Also had a similar experience with Dropbox, but it was not a big deal either to fix (same method)


Is GRUB needed after converting an earlier dual boot system to only ubuntu system?

GRUB is the bootloader and is always needed
To hide GRUB and boot to the splash screen, Please  add/edit these lines in /etc/default/grub:

GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true

Save, and then run sudo update-grub; reboot


Troubles with kernel 4.2.0-17 and LAN/VGA Combo Port

I'm having similar problems with Ubuntu 15.10 and kernel 4.2.0-17 on my Samsung Ativ 9. None of my USB ports work, Wifi is down, and compiz is using 150% CPU. There is some sort of regression in the 4.2.0-17 kernel, because it's no longer detecting my Haswell CPU; instead, it's rolling back to the llvmpipe software graphics driver (which explains why compiz is going crazy).

For now, you can reboot your machine and choose Advanced Options in the grub boot menu to go back to the 4.2.0-16 kernel. My guess is that this problem will be noticed, patched, and a new kernel update will roll out soon.


After Installation of Ubuntu 12.04 inside windows No Option To Select Windows or Ubuntu?

Which version of windows do you use? Did you use Wubi, since wubi only give Windows bootloader. But if you installed logging from USB, GRUB will be your bootloader. And you should not format the whole disk. That might have got the issue.
Their might be many reasons for this issue. Recently Windows are coming up with UEFI which blocks other OS and some apps to be installed which aren't licensed. Sometimes Windows 7 got this issue.
Read the following articles, probably you might come up with where you gone wrong

  BlockquoteUEFI

Way to install or get Dual boot

Best thing to do is Reboot using your usb, and follow this http://mygeekopinions.blogspot.in/2011/06/install-boot-repair-in-ubuntu-1104.html


Network scanner server not working in Ubuntu 16.04

Maybe a little late... I hope it helps:

Tutorial from https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SaneDaemonTutorial works fine however you NEED to install libsystemd-dev in order to make it work.

sudo apt install libsystemd-dev

After that just reboot your server and pre-configured clients will be able to do

scanimage -L

By the way, if "sudo service saned status" at your server says something like:

● saned.service
   Loaded: masked (/dev/null; bad)
   Active: inactive (dead)

Just ignore it since Saned service only starts by request from Sane clients

Regards


google-chrome-unstable icons not found on Ubuntu 14.04

Google-chrome is famous for its problems with .desktop files and their icons, especially if you had an other version installed before.
Since you installed it from a .deb file, an icon must be installed. Most certainly, there must be an old, outdated or incorrect .desktop file in ~/.local/share/applications causing the "disconnection".
Local .desktop files "overrule" global ones, therefore, if there is a local .desktop that does not "match" (the current version of) a globally installed application, a variety of symptoms can occur. An iconless appearance is one of them.
What do do
Since you technically don't need local .desktop files of a globally installed applications (unless you want do make modifications to its behaviour), you can safely remove all .desktop files, referring to google-chrome, in ~/.local/share/applications. Simply browse to the directory and remove all .desktop files of google-chrome or webapps, calling google-chrome. Then log out and back in and run the application again to see if it is fixed.
If you are having doubts on a specific .desktop file, make it executable to make it show its icon and the correct "interface" name (as defined in the line Name= inside the .desktop file).


Help with updating and receiving error message "Ignoring File"

You need to edit the files in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ that it is complaining about and fix the errors it is complaining about.  You will have to use sudo.

If you edit your question to include a list of the contents of /etc/apt/sources.list.d/, and the source of /etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu.list, more clear instructions can be given.

It would also help if you edit your question and explain what you did right before this started happening. It appears that you have web page code in your medibuntu.list.


VNC Suddenly Stopped Working Ubuntu 18.04

VNC uses port 5900 by default.

  VNC by default uses TCP port 5900+N, where N is the display number
  (usually :0 for a physical display).
  source

If you block that with ufw (the default) you won't be able to connect.


Problem installing ubuntu TOSHIBA Satellite P855-32U

turn off secure boot and change setup order to run cd/dvd first and burn ubuntu to dvd and reboot and should start up from cd.


Yes you can do a clean install with Ubuntu on this computer.  Simply download an installation iso from Ubuntu.com, burn it to a dvd and follow the installation instructions here:

http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/install-ubuntu-desktop

You should have no problems.

By the way, I'm assuming you're installing Ubuntu on a new computer with a blank hard drive and there are no other drives with other OSes on the system.


i want to use ppsspp emulator on ubuntu. but i couldnt install due to some errors

Here you have two problems with repositories - they do not have packages for Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.
So you need to remove these repositories at first with
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:ppsspp/stable

and then add repository which provides ppsspp package:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:samoilov-lex/retrogames
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ppsspp


How do I adjust the Clock Indicator format?

Try the following:

gsettings set com.canonical.indicator.datetime time-format "'custom'"
gsettings set com.canonical.indicator.datetime custom-time-format "'%A, %d %B %Y, %I:%M:%S'"

That seems to do the trick for me.  You should be able to do the same using dconf-editor.

In dconf editor, it'd be something like this:


Can I freeze an application to run it at a later time?

use

kill -SIGSTOP $(pgrep process_name)

to suspend a process and

kill -SIGCONT $(pgrep process_name)

to resume it.

In terminal the shorthand would be:
Ctrl+Z to suspend and fg to bring it back into forground, bg to make it continue in background.


Is there an open 'project' file format alternative to Microsoft's *.mpp?

A visit to http://www.osalt.com yielded a link to GanttProject. Among the features listed on their website is the ability to "import projects from and export them to Microsoft Project formats [and] export to spreadsheets with CSV."

I have no experience with this type of software but osalt.com would always be my first stop for a question like this.


How to rename all .jpg files in all subdirs wich contains dash in linux?

There is no case for rename, because you may just do it with mv.

find -name '*.jpg' -exec bash -c 'mv -i "{}" "$RANDOM.jpg"' \;

mv -i means interactive. It asks before overwriting.

This is not testet in depth, just ad hoc, to make sure files will get different names. A little more testing would be:

find -name '*.jpg' -exec echo bash -c 'mv -i "{}" "$RANDOM.jpg"' \;

However, this will put all files to the current dir. Maybe using -execdir is an option?

find -name '*.jpg' -execdir bash -c 'mv -i "{}" "$RANDOM.jpg"' \;

However, make a backup, be careful about your data and so on. Mass actions with find are a sharp instrument. I take no responsibility.

AFAIK dashes have no horses in this race.


Time lag between software update and inclusion in the repositories

Mostly that it doesn't dump core on startup or cause other things to break in an unmodified vanilla install.  It's called "release engineering".


The same happen to me .I was using a Huawei 3G modem. In my case i disabled networking and re-insert the modem and wait for sometime. After sometime i enabled networking and wait for few seconds. After few seconds i found the option for enabling mobile broadband. I choose the network connection profile which was listed . If you have enabled automatic connection your internet connection will started when you clicked Enable mobile broadband. Hope this works. Iam a complete newbie to Ubuntu . Just starting out few weeks before.


What is interesting is that cp437 does not have wide support on Ubuntu. Checked this on https://packages.ubuntu.com .
There is at least one interesting application named Konwert. It has filters for conversion between various codepages, including cp437.
To convert existing file between CP437 and UTF8 use commands below:
sudo apt-get install konwert

konwert cp437-UTF8 doc437.txt -o docutf8.txt
konwert UTF8-cp437 docutf8.txt -o doc437.txt


What are some tablets that can run Ubuntu?

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Nexus7/Installation

What you will need

Nexus 7 Tablet (8GB or 16GB)
Standard MicroUSB Cable (should come with the device)
Ubuntu Nexus 7 Desktop Installer installed on your development system
Ubuntu 12.04 LTS or Later

Optional

Micro USB Host Cable (OTG Cable) - used for attaching keyboard, mouse, etc.

Ubuntu Nexus 7 Desktop Installer

A simple graphical installer has been provided, and is available in a PPA.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-nexus7/ubuntu-nexus7-installer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-nexus7-installer

Usage instructions for the installer are provided in this link.


Make sure that you have a good backup of your important Ubuntu files, as this procedure can corrupt or loose data.

The use of an extended partition (sda3) makes this a little difficult. I'll outline the easiest way first, and we can add more to the procedure if we have to.

Keep these things in mind:

a move is done by pointing the mouse pointer at the center of a partition and dragging it left/right with the hand cursor
a resize is done by dragging the left/right side of a partition to the left/right with the directional arrow cursor
if any partition can't be moved/resized graphically, you may have to manually enter the specific required numeric data (don't do this unless I instruct you to)
you begin any move/resize by right-clicking on the partition in the lower part of the main window, and selecting the desired action from the popup menu, then finishing that action in the new move/resize window

Do the following...

Note: if the procedure doesn't work exactly as I outline, STOP immediately and DO NOT continue.

boot the a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
start gparted or run the following command to open gparted:

sudo -i gparted &

Step #1

right-click on sda5 and select swapoff
right-click on sda3 and select resize
resize the left side of sda3 all the way to the left

it may be difficult to grab the left side of sda3, if so, STOP here

you'll see that the unallocated space is now used by sda3
close the move/resize window
click the Apply icon

Step #2

right-click on sda5 and select swapoff (already done in Step #1)
right-click on sda5 and select move
note (write down) the numeric partition size before the move
move sda5 all the way to the left (inside of sda3)

be carefull not to resize sda5. If you do, cancel and start Step #2 again

close the move/resize window
click the Apply icon

Step #3

right-click on sda6 and select resize
resize the left side of sda6 all the way to the left
close the move/resize window
click the Apply icon
this may take a while so be patient
right-click on sda5 and select swapon

Now quit gparted and reboot your computer, being sure to remove the USB flash pen at the appropriate time.


Make Windows partition as /home partition

Of course, you do need a backup, anytime, because hardware can fail and human error can occur. However, you probably intended to say that there would be no need to erase the data and put it back if you have a separate home partition.
Doing so on your current system is a little technical. Somewhat easier, but still a bit technical, would be to reinstall Ubuntu, then choose "Something else" and then assign your root / and /home partition yourself. Then the installer would take care of the formatting and system configuration.
If you prefer modifying your current system, then start by reformatting the former Windows partition to ext4. Using a stepwise approach from the Ubuntu documentation team, you can then move your current home partition to that new ext4 partition.


Gnome is being incredibly unstable and applications are frequently crashing

OK. This is really a workaround, but it's the only way I can think of short of reinstalling completely. Since reconfiguring and reinstalling GNOME didn't work, I have to go with this.

First, you need to install another desktop interface, such as KDE or Unity. I recommend Unity, since it shares a lot of packages with GNOME, and will be a smaller download.

To install Unity, run sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop^.
Log out and look for a gear icon or GNOME themed icon, usually near the login Window. Click this and choose the Unity option and log back in. You should now be in Unity.
Open a terminal and run sudo apt-get install lightdm and then sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm. Choose lightdm in the window that hopefully comes up. If it doesn't, comment and I'll help.
Run sudo apt-get remove --purge gnome-shell. Reboot.
After the reboot (your login screen will be different), run sudo apt-get install gnome-desktop-environment and then sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm to select gdm.
Reboot and hopefully you'll be back at the original login screen.
Click the icon to switch the desktop environment and choose GNOME before logging back in.

Hopefully everything will be fixed. If you want to remove Unity, just run sudo apt-get remove unity.

If you can't find the icon on the login screen or if the reconfigure commands don't work, tell me and I'll see if I can help.


Will Ubuntu 14.04 offer direct upgrade from 13.04

There are two supported upgrade paths:

From one stable version to the very next (including LTS), so you could upgrade 13.04 -> 13.10 -> 14.04.
From one LTS to the next (12.04 to 14.04).

With the exception of case #2, upgrades that "skip" over one or more releases are not supported.


Please, restart the installation process...
And when the system asks to restart allow it to restart (Or take option to restart).
Should there be any problems with installation, the setup will have them handled if you're connected to the Internet.


My ubuntu with unity not loading after last reboot

Try disabling the touchpad if there's an option using the Fn key of your notebook's keyboard (as soon as the login screen appears). Also disconnect any external mice.

Then type Ctrl+Alt+F1 and input your username and password. Then, in terminal type:
dmesg | tail
Then plug in a mouse and move it a bit. Then rerun the command "dmesg | tail" (without quotes) and try to see what additional info was printed after you plugged in the mouse and moved it.

Maybe there will be a tip somewhere along these lines...


You can do this with taskset :

taskset 0x03 your_command

will launch your_command on the cpus #0 and #1.


If you want to save the output of the awk command (awk -f myawkfile.awk mytracefile.tr) into a variable so you can use it later in the script, you can do something like this:

parameter=`awk -f myawkfile.awk mytracefile.tr`

OR

parameter=$(awk -f myawkfile.awk mytracefile.tr)

This means "save the output of the command to a variable called parameter". You can reference that variable later using $parameter.


In Ubuntu Gnome 14.10, in the Tweak Tool enable 'Icons on Desktop' under Desktop

In Ubuntu 14.10, use dconf-editor and change the setting of Org->Gnome->Desktop->Background->Show-Desktop-Icons


You could try testdisk or other partition recovery program. You probably lost some data.
You can follow this tutorial:
testdisk tutorial
else sources:
similar question


Mount means binding a device such as hard-drive to your file-system under "/" root directory .

For example home directory /home could be another hard-disk , when you mount it will seems /home .

Another example when you connect a usb , how can you access it if its not mounted , so mount enable you to access your device.

So mount tell your Os that a devices is linked to root top directory and is ready for use .

Note : You can apply permissions to mount point , and if you want to save a mount after reboot you should write it in fstab .


When extracting an ISO, it warns of low disk space, but I have 15 gigs at least. No idea what to do

Suggest obtaining the MD5 or SHA-1 hash of the install disc from the My Digital Life website, and compare it to your download with the Microsoft utility to make sure the download was good. If it was corrupted, you could get what you report.

Should that prove to match, then I would extract just a portion at a time with an archive manager, which works for me. Just open the ISO file with an archive manager and dig down to file what you need within the ISO then extract it.


All files gone after running fsck. How can I recover my files?

In general I'd suggest burning and booting a live CD such as Ubuntu or SystemRescueCD and using extundelete to recover any deleted files.


How to obtain an Italian dictionary to spell-check within GNU Emacs which correctly recognize accented characters?

Finally, the solution I found is to tell Emacs to use aspell instead of ispell. This is an spellchecker that works in the same way as ispell. This can be accomplished by adding this line in the .emacs file:

(setq-default ispell-program-name "aspell")

To install the Italian dictionary I executed

sudo apt-get install aspell-it

and similarly for dictionaries for other languages. All these dictionaries recognize correctly accented characters and work fine.


Get error when install Oracle JDK 8 on Ubuntu 18.04

I look up to the webupd8 site and it seems that the ppa was discontinued.

  Oracle Java downloads now require logging in to an Oracle account to download Java updates, like the latest Oracle Java 8u211 / Java SE 8u212. Because of this I cannot update the PPA with the latest Java (and the old links were broken by Oracle).

  For this reason, THIS PPA IS DISCONTINUED (unless I find some way
  around this limitation).
  http://www.webupd8.org/2012/09/install-oracle-java-8-in-ubuntu-via-ppa.html

How to install it then?

You can create account on Oracle to download Java from their site (they are free for personal use), then follow this instruction → How can I install Sun/Oracle's proprietary Java JDK 6/7/8 or JRE?.


Looks like you used a wrong password.

If you need to reset the password follow these steps:

sudo service mysql stop
sudo /usr/sbin/mysqld --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
mysql -u root

Then you can reset the password for root

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
SET PASSWORD FOR root@'localhost' = PASSWORD('password');

Finally restart the service

pkill mysqld
sudo service mysql start

As described in MysqlPasswordReset


Cron: no output file, but running without errors

Assuming that you run the specific script with your current user (let's say your_user), then the crontab entry for your_user should be something like this:

* * * * * /home/your_user/lectio-skema-til-.ics-kalender-master/script.sh

The script's first line indicates that an interpreter called /usr/bin/sh should be used. In my installation, there is no such executable. You should change to /bin/bash or (for a faster version) to /bin/sh which is the dash shell.

The script calls wget command. However, the PATH environment may not be set up correctly in your crontab. It is better to use full paths in commands. In my installation wget is at /usr/bin/wget. So, your script should be something like this:

#!/bin/sh
cd /var/www/html/SECRET-PATH
/usr/bin/wget "http://localhost:9002/?skole=518&elev=36015389032" -O kalender.ics


You might want to have a look at the answer I gave here:

Clean Install Of Ubuntu Server over the network?


How to install best drivers for my ATI Dynamic Switchable Graphics ? - heating & crushing before or right after end of install (12.04, 12.10)

The best answer is: install a newer version of Ubuntu, with a recent kernel.

Xubuntu 14.04 works great on that computer, and the GPU is never too hot.

As this answer explains, "New kernel 3.13 has an advanced dynamic power management of the ATI card with the radeon driver.

Also, "In normal conditions the ATI discrete is off."

(When the cooler gets up now, in most cases it is not because of the GPU, but of the CPU.)

(The best way of monitoring GPU temperature in Xubuntu 14.04 when using the OpenSource driver.)

Sub-answers:

Is ATI Radeon 6470M supported? YES.
Considering ATI: is there a driver already installed when installing Ubuntu? YES. It's the opensource Radeon driver just mentioned

GL_RENDERER   = Gallium 0.4 on AMD CAICOS

GL_VERSION    = 3.0 Mesa 10.1.3

GL_VENDOR     = X.Org
Considering Intel card: that is the one that is mostly used (and had been already supported) while under normal conditions the ATI stays discrete (in contrast with older versions of the kernel when it was abnormally used at full capacity and was getting hot).
So, is there an "ATI issue" for this machine? NO, as far as I am concerned, as I do not use possible video intensive features that might involve the need for the proprietary driver.

The comments and answers of the user Rmano were very useful to me in understanding what the problem was and in articulating this answer.


How can I make home's documents, pictures, videos, downloads to point their matching windows folders in a mounted ntfs partition?

Case-1:

You Should Install Synchronizer For Synchronizing Folders Between Two Places.

Conduit-Synchronizer is Best for Ubuntu. Do Auto Synchronize Option.

Case-2:

If you Want to Permanently change Default Folders for Downloads, Pictures, etc., You can Use ubuntu-tweak.


Is it possible to use multiple desktop environments on same system?

It is possible, to install KDE run sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends kubuntu-desktop.
After you install it you can switch between Desktop Environments at  the login screen.

This also works with most of the common DE's out there.

For Xubuntu (XFCE) sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends xubuntu-desktop

For Lubuntu (LXDE) sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends lubuntu-desktop

And Gnome Shell (Gnome 3) sudo apt-get install gnome-core

Theoretically you can have as many of these installed as you want, but I would only use one or two at time to avoid conflicts.

Note: If you plan on moving to a new DE completely, remove the --no-install-recommends  from the commands above.

Removing

You can remove any of these with the purge command in apt, like this:

sudo apt-get purge gnome-core

or

sudo apt-get purge kubuntu-desktop

If you want to try Linux Mint's Cinnamon use these commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gwendal-lebihan-dev/cinnamon-stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cinnamon

To uninstall Cinnamon use sudo apt-get purge cinnamon and follow these instructions on removing PPA's.

I have personally run Unity and Kubuntu, Unity and Xubuntu and Unity and Gnome Shell.  I have used Cinnamon a little bit too.  KDE is by far the most customizable followed by XFCE in Xubuntu.  Right now I just use Unity.


Why resizing windows in Ubuntu 16.04 is too slow?

I'd check your BIOS/UEFI Settings for video options.  I have selected discrete only, instead of Integrated or Optimized, so only the Nvidia hardware is used (Quaddro 1000).  I get a little screen tearing, which I don't see when using the nouveau driver, but I use Nvidia for thermal considerations.  Even under the nouveau driver, performance was good.  Which release of Ubuntu are you using?  I've seen bad window movement in the past, but not with my current setup, which seems similar to yours.


Earlier this evening I had the same problem.

sudo apt-get purge cups && sudo apt-get install cups

This worked for me on an ASUS netbook running Lubuntu 16.04 x86. I subsequently conneted successfully to my Canon ip7200 via Wifi.


I cannot create ad-hoc wireless networks and stay connected. How can I fix this?

Have you tried reinstalling NetworkManager?  If you can connect via ethernet — because, naturally, removing NetworkManager would disconnect you — try:

sudo apt-get -y purge network-manager

sudo apt-get -y install network-manager

I have had problems with NetworkManager in the past, and therefore use wicd most of the time.  However, it does not have certain features, like managing multiple interfaces at a time, and creating ad-hoc networks, etc., so I use NetworkManager when I have to, but otherwise, I use wicd.

Edit:  If this does not work, please try the CLI method as described here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/Adhoc


How can I configure external applications used for downloads in Chromium?

Chromium uses xdg-mine to determine what program will be responsible for opening a file.

Download one of the .emx files and type this on the terminal:

xdg-mime query filetype <filedownloaded>.emx

You should get this sort of output

<file type>; charset=<charset>

To determine the current program set to open this file type, run:

xdg-mime query default <file type>

To set a default application for it (in your case banshee), run:

xdg-mime default banshee.desktop <filetype>

This will make chromium open the .emx files with the program specified with xdg-mime.


Add Virtualbox Shortcut in Unity Launcher to boot to a VM

To add a launcher item that runs a single specific virtual machine we can create a new launcher item as it is described here.

In short, to start a Virtual Box machine without the Virtual Box Manager we may add the following command to start the VM in the Exec= section of a .desktop file we can place in ~/.local/share/applications:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=the name you want it to have
Comment=
Exec=VirtualBox --startvm 'name of the machine'
Icon=icon name
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true

After giving the .desktop file executable permission we can now start our virtual machine by double-click on it, or we can drag it on the Launcher or the Desktop for convenient access.

In more recent versions of VirtualBox the functionality to start a virtualmachine was moved to the VirtualBoxVM application. This needs a change of the EXEC line in the .desktop file tO

EXEC=/usr/lib/virtualbox/VirtualBoxVM --startvm "name of the machine"

or we may use the tool VBoxManage startvm instead.


Ubuntu bash functions..syntax error: "(" or "}" unexpected

If you are running the script with sh hello.sh, the interpreting shell will not be the one mentioned in the shebang line, but /bin/sh will be used. In case of Debian and Ubuntu by default this will be dash.

So to run your script correctly with a bash, use either of the following.

/bin/bash hello.sh

or

chmod +x hello.sh
./hello.sh

Alternatively you also could set bash as the /bin/sh.

dpkg-reconfigure dash


How do I remove the window borders from modal dialogs in Cinnamon?

I've installed gdebi and I've tried to reproduce your error.
But without success as you can see in the screenshot.
Can you tell me what cinnamon theme you have used?
Are you using 2d fallback or 3d??

That's the modal dialog section of my cinnamon theme:

 /* ===================================================================
 * Modal dialogs
 * ===================================================================*/
.show-processes-dialog-subject,
.mount-question-dialog-subject,
.end-session-dialog-subject {
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #fff;
}

.modal-dialog {
    border: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
    background-gradient-direction: vertical;
    background-gradient-start: rgba(32,32,32,1.0);
    background-gradient-end: rgba(32,32,32,1.0);
    box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
    border-radius: 0;
    color: #fff;

    padding: 30px 42px;
}

.modal-dialog-button-box {
    spacing: 21px;
    padding-top: 50px;
}

.modal-dialog-button {
    border-radius: 2px;
    color: #fff;
    margin-left: 10px;
    margin-right: 10px;
    padding: 4px 32px 5px;
    border-width: 1px;
    border-color: rgba(78,78,78,0.9);
    background-gradient-direction: vertical;
    background-gradient-start: rgba(58,58,58,1.0);
    background-gradient-end: rgba(32,32,32,1.0);
    box-shadow: 0px 0px 3px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
}

.modal-dialog-button:active,
.modal-dialog-button:pressed {
    border-color: rgba(98,98,98,0.4);
    background-gradient-direction: vertical;
    background-gradient-start: rgba(28,28,28,1.0);
    background-gradient-end: rgba(32,32,32,1.0);
    box-shadow: inset 0px 1px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

.modal-dialog-button:active:hover,
.modal-dialog-button:pressed:hover {
    border-color: rgba(98,98,98,0.4);
    background-gradient-direction: vertical;
    background-gradient-start: rgba(28,28,28,1.0);
    background-gradient-end: rgba(32,32,32,1.0);
}

.modal-dialog-button:hover {
    border-color: rgba(98,98,98,0.9);
    background-gradient-direction: vertical;
    background-gradient-start: rgba(68,68,68,1.0);
    background-gradient-end: rgba(58,58,58,1.0);
}

.modal-dialog-button:disabled {
    color: rgb(60,60,60);
}

.modal-dialog-button:focus {
    box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px 1px rgba(117,145,169,0.9);
}


You have a broken package.

Run $ sudo aptitude -f install to fix that first, and then go on to install wine.

Though, personally I prefer using playonlinux, in automatically handles the wine version etc. for you and keeps apps in different wineprefixes, gets less messy that way.


I'm answering my own question after some investigation inspired by ridgy's comment on the original question (thanks!). I began exploring whether some other library used by ffmpeg had libcudart as a dependency. The lddtree tool from the package pax-utils is really helpful for this as it gives you a hierarchical list of the linker dependencies rather than a flat list. E.g.

$ lddtree /usr/bin/ffmpeg

Using this, I discovered that libcudart.so.5.5 was a linker dependency of libopencv_core.so.2.4 which was left lying around in /usr/local/lib from a while back when I compiled OpenCV 2.4 from source and never cleaned up when the new version (version 3.0) came along.

To fix this, I uninstalled ffmpeg and all opencv packages using apt, then manually deleted the leftover opencv 2.4 files in /usr/local/lib using

$ sudo rm /usr/local/lib/libopencv_*.so.2.4*

Then reinstalled ffmpeg from the repo and now all is well.

This seems like a fairly specific set of circumstances that might not be that relevant to others, but perhaps this answer can be useful to others with similar problems.


Opening multiple tabs with gnome-terminal

Invoking gnome-terminal three times and stringing the commands together with && won't work, and the tabs won't appear in the same terminal, and indeed you will have to quit the first terminal for the next to appear.

The way to make sure all your tabs open in one instance of gnome-terminal all at the same time is to use the --tab-with-profile=PROFILENAME switch. In the command below you can leave the first command as gnome-terminal --tab as that it is the first window to be generated; now all you need to know is which profile you are using and you can use --tab-with-profile=YourProfile to invoke the other commands and they will all appear at once in the original terminal opened.

Here is your command modified:

gnome-terminal --tab --title="rails s" -e "rails s" --tab-with-profile=Default --title="spork" -e "spork" --tab-with-profile=Default --title="autotest" -e "autotest"

(For future readers: substitute the program names given after -e to test out the command line given here; remember your targets for -e must be installed and in $PATH; for things not in $PATH use an absolute path such as, for example, /opt/mike/program)

Remember to specify the actual profile you are using for the --tab-with-profile switches. The first invocation of gnome-terminal must use --tab and all the rest --tab-with-profile. With this method it should be possible to open a large number of tabs all in the same instance of gnome-terminal.

Find the profile you are currently using by right clicking in gnome-terminal and look at profiles and there will be a marker on the one you are currently using:

Go to Profile preferences for more information and to check the name of the profile.

For more information, see man gnome-terminal and the Ubuntu manpages online.

Note:

If you have trouble launching your programs with gnome-terminal, either add the location to $PATH, or make a symlink and place it in a $PATH location, or (what was very useful here): create a simple bash wrapper script and call that in the gnome-terminal command line above. (You must call it with an absolute path: i.e. /location/of/script and not just the name of it.)

As an example:

#!/bin/bash
cd $HOME/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin
spork
exit 0

Then name the script, make it executable and call it in the gnome-terminal command line above. Do this for all the non repo programs that are problematic.


Try connecting with a Zydas WLAN USB 2.0  Adapter here.

It works for me, it cost £6.95 from Amazon.


Connecting to Wifi on terminal of Kubuntu 17.10

The error message you are getting is due to the fact that the key after s: shall either be 5 or 13 characters long, see e.g. here.

For example

sudo iwconfig wlp7s0 essid "ABCD1234" key s:abcd123456789

or

sudo iwconfig wlp7s0 essid "ABCD1234" key s:abcd1

should give you no more error message.

You can only enter 5 or 13 character passwords because iwconfig only works to connect to access points using WEP encryption.

In the case that you might want to connect to an AP with the more common WPA2 encryption, you need to use a different command line tool, e.g. wpa-supplicant or nmcli.


I am not offering a way how to install QuickTime Player but offering alternative ways to play your files. As far as I know, Apple never really offered a Linux version

Regarding Installing Restricted Formats

According to the community wiki, you can install the restricted formats package via

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

or

sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras

Regarding Alternative Players Being Able to Play Files

As @JonasCz already mentioned, VLC might be a good option. You can install it via

sudo apt install vlc

In addition, there are smplayer and mplayer which should both be able to play all your files

sudo apt install smplayer

or for mplayer

sudo apt install mplayer


Where can I see which ubuntu release ships the fixed version of a program affected by a bug?

Because you are wearing a pair of end user glasses ;) – here is an answer including images…

Your mentioned bug has a fix and the fix is released. However, it is not yet clear in which Ubuntu release it will be included.

And the comment #43 is also interesting (Thanks @muru).

  > Why is this marked as "Fix Released? This is still broken.

  Fix released means fixed in the development series, not necessarily
  in released versions of Ubuntu.

An other example is bug 1264554 in the same package. As you can see in the screenshot, the fix for the bug was released for Trusty.

What does that tell us?

As long as you can't see this nice icon with the name of the Ubuntu release

the bug isn't fixed.


Can't grab and move a maximized window using the mouse

As far as I know, you can always move a window by pressing Alt while grabbing any part of it.


General method

You can split each file into a header and a second file with the data lines
Then you can easily edit a header separately with your current sed command
Finally you can concatenate the header and the file with the data lines.

Light-weight tools to manage huge files

You can use head and tail to create a head file and a data file.
You can use cat to concatenate the modified head file and the data file.
Efficient way to print lines from a massive file using awk, sed, or something else?
Another method is to use split

Test

I tested with your header and a file with 1080000000 numbered lines (size 19 Gib), totally 1080000007 lines, and it worked, the output file (with 1080000004 lines) was written in 5 minutes in my old hp xw8400 workstation (including typing the command to start the shellscript).

$ ls -lh --time-style=full-iso huge*
-rw-r--r-- 1 sudodus sudodus 19G 2018-12-15 19:50:45.278328120 +0100 huge.in
-rw-r--r-- 1 sudodus sudodus 19G 2018-12-15 19:55:46.808798456 +0100 huge.out

The big write operations were between the system partition on an SSD and a data partition on an HDD.

Shellscript

You need enough free space in the file system where you have /tmp for the huge temporary 'data' file, more than 9 GB according to your original question.

$ LANG=C df -h /tmp
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1       106G   32G   69G  32% /

This may seem an awkward way to do things, but it works for huge files without crashing the tools. Maybe you must store the temporary 'data' file somewhere else, for example in an external drive (but it will probably be slower).

#!/bin/bash

# $1 : FCIDUMP file to convert from "new format" to "old format"

if [ $# -ne 2 ]
then
  echo "Syntaxis: $0 fcidumpfile oldstylefile " 1>&2
  echo "Example:  $0 file.in file.out" 1>&2
  exit 1
fi

if [ "$1" == "$2" ]
then
  echo "The names of the input file and output file must differ"
  exit 2
exit
fi

endheader="$(grep -m 1 -n '&END' "$1" | cut -d: -f1)"
if [ "$endheader" == "" ]
then
  echo "Bad input file: the end marker of the header was not found"
  exit 3
fi
#echo "endheader=$endheader"

< "$1" head -n "$endheader" > /tmp/header
#cat /tmp/header

if egrep '&FCI ([a-zA-Z2 ]*=[0-9 ]*,){2,}' /tmp/header  > /dev/null
then
  echo "The provided file is already in old FCIDUMP format." 1>&2
  exit 4
fi

# run sed inline on /tmp/header
sed '
{
:a; N; $!ba
s/\(=[^,]*,\)\n/\1 /g
s/\(&FCI\)\n/\1 /
s/ORBSYM/\n&/g
s/&END/ISYM=1,\n\//
}' -i /tmp/header

if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
  echo "Failed to convert the header format in /tmp/header"
  exit 5
fi

< "$1" tail -n +$(($endheader+1)) > /tmp/tailer

if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
  echo "Failed to create the 'data' file /tmp/tailer"
  exit 6
fi

#echo "---"
#cat /tmp/tailer
#echo "---"

cat /tmp/header /tmp/tailer > "$2"

exit 0


Copying symlinked files to usb drive with Thunar

After some investigation, I found a work-around. After getting the flash drive mounted with adequate permissions, in Thunar select edit > Configure custom actions... then hit the + icon to add a new one.  Give it a name like "Copy symlink to USB", and for the command enter

cp -L %f /media/usb

(or whatever your mount point is).  Then click the Appearance Conditions tab, check all the options, and close everything out.  Now when you right-click on an item there should be "Copy symlink to USB" in the context menu for the symlink item.

The only drawback of this is that there is no progress indicator for the copy operation.  So for large files you will need to watch your disk LED or check the file size in the window for /media/usb to figure out when it's done.


Installing ubuntu-sdk requires cdrom. I have liveUSB

I've followed the steps described here and I didn't got any message about the cdrom, etc. I would check the entries in your sources.list and verify that the entries pointing to the installation media are commented out:

cat /etc/apt/sources.list | grep cdrom
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-GNOME 13.04 _Raring Ringtail_ - Release amd64 (20130424)]/ raring main multiverse restricted universe

The entry should start with #.


Open source FortiGate (Forti SSL VPN) client support in Ubuntu

Since Ubuntu 18.04 (bionic), you can connect with the regular network manager by simply installing the package network-manager-fortisslvpn-gnome. Find it in Software or do

sudo apt install network-manager-fortisslvpn-gnome

(This will also install dependencies openfortivpn and network-manager-fortisslvpn.)

Then you can click Edit connections in network manager (right click the wifi icon), + to add a new one, select type Fortinet SSLVPN under the VPN heading. Give it a name, then under Gateway put in the IP address (and optionally port separated by colon, e.g. 11.22.33.44:44443) and username/password. Note that you may have to click the little symbol in the password field to select who has access to the password before you're allowed to type anything in that text field.

Save and right-click the wifi icon again, click VPN and pick the name you chose.

If it doesn't work, that may be because you need to trust a certificate. If you have the certificate fingerprint, you can edit your connection and add it under Advanced→Trusted certificate. If you don't know your certificate, https://serverfault.com/a/922767/104546 explains how to find it from the terminal.