There is not really a need for EasyBCD with UEFI as every system you install will install a boot loader into a folder in your efi partition.

But if you have booting in BIOS mode from SSD, you may have installed in BIOS/legacy/CSM mode not UEFI. Boot-Repair can usually convert a BIOS install to UEFI by uninstalling grub-pc and installing grub-efi.

Boot Repair -Also handles LVM, GPT, separate /boot and UEFI dual boot.:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair

You can repair many boot issues with this or 'Create BootInfo' report (Other Options) & post the link it creates, so we can see your exact configuration and diagnose advanced problems.

You may want to go back thru the instructions on UEFI installs. If you have the smaller SSD, it probably is an Ultrabook and you may also have RAID issues & video issues. If you can set video mode to boot from use nVidia and add nomodeset to grub's linux line, use e to edit on grub menu.

Also shows Windows 8 screens

Installing Ubuntu Alongside a Pre-Installed Windows with UEFI

Shows install with screen shots.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFI

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootOptions


Saving/copy back configurations from Apache, Mysql? Because I want to reinstall Ubuntu 14.04 server.

I've been working along the same lines.  I have made this list of files & directories that I rsync to my backup.  At some point I have edited or done something to each of these.  Configurations will vary (for example, I use nullmailer instead of postfix, and I don't have mysql), but perhaps this will be a starting point for you.

/etc/apache2
/etc/sysctl.conf
/etc/fstab
/etc/bind
/etc/host.conf
/etc/modsecurity
/etc/fail2ban
/etc/psad
/etc/ufw
/etc/ddclient.conf
/etc/default/ddclient
/etc/default/bind9
/etc/ssh
/etc/rkhunter.conf
/etc/openvpn
/etc/hosts
/etc/nullmailer
/etc/mailname
/etc/samba
/etc/rsyslog.d/20-ufw.conf
/etc/sudoers.d/sudoers
/etc/tripwire
/etc/pwrstatd.conf
/etc/pwrstatd-email.sh
/etc/pwrstatd-lowbatt.sh
/etc/pwrstatd-powerfail.sh
/lib/ufw
/usr/share/modsecurity-crs
/usr/share/GeoIP
/usr/share/logwatch
/var/www


I removed and reinstalled isc-dhcp-common and dependents and now I have lost wireless

I was able to fix the issue by first running

sudo apt-get install network-manager

Of course, this failed to run but it did produce the files which it was looking for. I then found these .deb files and downloaded them (using my functional windows boot) to a usb.

These were then added to the var/cache/apt/archive/ folder and then running sudo apt-get install worked as it could find the files. Lastly, reboot.

I then had to reconfigure using:

sudo dpkg --configure -a

This fixed the problem and I am back to normal I think.


grub-reboot: not seeing the Windows entry listed?

Since you use UEFI, you can make use of it's next-boot-feature.
All you need is the efibootmgr-command. Use
efibootmgr -v

to see the list of your boot entries. Then choose the entry for the next boot with
sudo efibootmgr -n XXXX

where XXXX is the number of the desired entry from the list.
reboot


Genymotion Error : QMetaType::registerType: Binary compatibility break

A workaround is described here.

In short: copy the name of the .ova file from ~/.Genymobile/genymotion.log, download it to ~/.Genymobile/Genymotion/ova, then try to add the same device one more time.


Need to install Mono to use Azure on Ubuntu 14.04

To install mono

sudo apt-get install mono-complete

Silverlight is not available on Linux, but you can try alternatives such as Pipelight.


Figured it out myself. I downloaded it from this site: https://apps.ubuntu.com/cat/applications/precise/software-center/


Installing Ubuntu 13.04 (64-bit) virtual machine with Vagrant on OS X provides only 4 Gb disk space

Those are automatically built Vagrant Ubuntu Cloud Images, we have no control over how they were built.

You either build your own vagrant box or 1. resize existing virtual HDD 2. Attach additional virtual HDDs, create file systems and mount it (e.g. /ops and install new stuff in this directory).

Personally I think option 2 is easier.

If you want to go with option 1, you'll have to convert the existing virtual HDD (VMDK) to VDI, because VBoxManage modifyhd only works with native VDI image. However, vagrant base boxes are basically exported OVF/OVA using VMDK format.

See VirtualBox Docs

  The --resize x option (where x is the desired new total space in
  megabytes) allows you to change the capacity of an existing image;
  this adjusts the logical size of a virtual disk without affecting the
  physical size much.[37] This currently works only for VDI and VHD
  formats, and only for the dynamically allocated variants, and can only
  be used to expand (not shrink) the capacity.

Steps to increase the capacity of disk for Vagrant Base Box

To be able to resize the HDD, you'll have to covert it to VDI first, e.g. VBoxManage clonehd in.vmdk out.vdi --format VDI and then re-attached it (using the GUI is easy).
Resize it using VBoxManage modifyhd box.vdi --resize 15360 which
increase the capacity to 15GB.
However this only changes the drive capacity, you will have to grow the file system for the guest afterwards. For example, use resize2fs -p -F DEVICE for ext4.

Refer to the answer here for more details => How can I increase disk size on a Vagrant VM?


I can't reset the password through single user mode due to home directory encryption

Bad news: There are no workarounds, no way to "recover", no secret backdoors, no "help" to be offered.

If you want the data, you MUST know the correct passphrase. That is encryption's sole purpose.

Sorry.


Is there a way to make the panel calendar "functional" in Ubuntu 11.10?

I would suggest installing evolution. You can do this by typing "sudo apt-get install evolution" (Without the "")
You can import your Gmail calendar then. Help can be found here

The problem was caused by removing evolution mail client and replacing it with Thunderbird which isn't really "fully functional" yet.


If you don't need the GUI/Window manager don't install it.
You can run two ethernet controllers, and you can bridge them.
You can do all of that.

You've got a big thumbs up from me!


Where is my mounted iso if not in `/media` nor in `~/.gvfs/`?

In fact in the lower part of its window, Furius ISO specifies the path to the mounted iso, something like: home/user/isofilename_ISO. Mounting with Acetoneiso the mount point is /home/user/virtual-drives/1. Not opening automatically the iso content seems relatedd to Lubuntu and pcmanfm. As Furius has no options to set, better use Acetone iso: it can be set to open iso content in Thunar automatically: see this answer.


Keyboard backlight Ubuntu 18.10 not working

open terminal and type, hit enter

sudo /etc/acpi/asus-keyboard-backlight.sh

It will turn on your asus laptop backlight.


Chromium: "Running without the SUID sandbox!" error

Download chrome-linux.zip from appropriate folder from here.

Extract the file - will get a folder called chrome-linux.

Move the folder to wherever you want - I move it to my home folder.

navigate to that folder
open a terminal there

Previous two step might be reversed.

Run these four commands individually:

sudo mv chrome_sandbox chrome-sandbox
sudo chown root chrome-sandbox
sudo chmod 4755 chrome-sandbox
./chrome-wrapper

When I do that, I am good to go.


What is the all_proxy environment variable used for?

I found a post in a mailing list which says:

  We already export http,ftp,https proxy environment variables. Some environments,
  GNOME for instance, place the socks proxy in ALL_PROXY and all_proxy. Export it
  as well.

Here is the post http://lists.o-hand.com/poky/2431.html

So it's for the SOCKS proxy in gnome.


How can I receive files using BlueDevil?

Check out the following;
How to Enable and Configure Bluetooth in Ubuntu

This is for an early version (14.04) of Ubuntu - but it does tell you how to configure bluez


Sound glitch in ubuntu 14.04 - without any stress ; lenovo G50

I have a G50-30 with Trusty (Linux Lite 2.6) and my sound is good.
Checked in OpenTTD, VLC, SMplayer, WZ2100 and YouTube in Firefox.
Try use an LTS distro. My choice: Wait to 16.04 and install. :)

Intel HDA is installed correctly?
Please test with:

# dmesg | grep -i hda
# dmesg | grep -i snd
# dmesg | grep -i acpi
# lsmod | grep -i hda

32 or 64 bit? I use 32bit edition.


cannot connect to internet (b43 related problem)

Why not use 12.04.  10.04 isn't supported any more.  If all you want is a Gnome Classic desktop, 12.04 has that.  When you are doing the install connect via a ethernet cable and install updates and 3rd party drivers.  This way out of the box it just works.  If that doesn't work let me know and we can debug further.


gpg: 1 signature not checked due to a missing key

In general, if the gpg key is expired there is nothing much you can do when you're not the owner of the repo, except trying to contact the administrator.

If you trust this repo, or really need something from it and don't care much about this security feature, you may also skip the gpg check by adding the --allow-unauthenticated option to apt-get.

Example: sudo apt-get --allow-unauthenticated update, sudo apt-get -y --allow-unauthenticated install foo.

You can also make this option permanent by using your own config file at /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/ directory.
In your conf file simply add APT::Get::AllowUnauthenticated "true";  stanza.

Note: if choosing the permanent option, you should carefully add your options so this will take effect only on this specific repo and not every other repo, as it is considered a security risk.


Try to purge and re-install .

From terminal

sudo apt-get remove --purge software-center
rm -r .cache/software-center
sudo apt-get install software-center ubuntu-desktop
sudo update-software-center


What should I do next with infected files and errors?

For the

decompress file size exceeds limits

Please try using the following option for clamscan, (many) virus scanners do not scan a file if they exceed a certain size.

--max-filesize=(size/MB/GB)

You may pass the value in megabytes in format xM or xm, where x is a number.

eg: --max-filesize=50M

The default size is 25MB.

Source: http://lurker.clamav.net/message/20140926.143835.3e73415e.nl.html

(man page) More info @: http://linux.die.net/man/1/clamscan

In some cases you might need the --max-scansize also.

--max-filesize=#n
    Extract and scan at most #n kilobytes from each archive. You may pass the value in megabytes in format xM or xm, where x is a number. This option protects your system against DoS attacks (default: 25 MB, max: <4 GB)
--max-scansize=#n
    Extract and scan at most #n kilobytes from each scanned file. You may pass the value in megabytes in format xM or xm, where x is a number. This option protects your system against DoS attacks (default: 100 MB, max: <4 GB)


certbot: error: unrecognized arguments: --deploy-hook

The backslashes are intended for splitting input over multiple lines. If you use \ --deploy-hook or \ -d on a single line, you're adding a literal space to the option name.

So either use

sudo certbot certonly --standalone --preferred-challenges http \
  --deploy-hook "systemctl restart coturn" \
  -d mydomain.com

(note that \ must be the very last character on the line - with no trailing whitespace) or just use a single line without backslashes.

sudo certbot certonly --standalone --preferred-challenges http --deploy-hook "systemctl restart coturn" -d mydomain.com


Yes you can do that. Look here How do I change which audio jacks are used for input and output? .

Note: I'm also from Germany :D


A quick search of the packages index shows that libboost-dev depends on the default version of the Boost libraries. So:

sudo apt-get install libboost-dev


Can I dual boot Dell 7559 by using pre-installed Windows 10 on HDD and installing Linux (Ubuntu) on the new M.2 SSD?

I should be able to boot into Windows or Ubuntu by just selecting the boot drive at boot

This comment reveals a fundamental misunderstanding of the way modern EFI-based computers boot, and this misunderstanding is likely to lead you into problems in the future. Specifically, whereas older BIOS-based computers booted by reading boot loader code from the first sector (aka the Master Boot Record, or MBR) of a hard disk, and could be told to boot from a specific disk, EFI-based computers boot by reading boot loader files from one or more EFI System Partitions (ESPs). The computer must be told what files are boot loaders, though, and this information is stored in NVRAM. A single ESP can hold multiple boot loaders, and in fact a typical multi-boot configuration places all the OSes' boot loaders on one ESP. (That said, multiple ESPs, either on one disk or on multiple disks, are permitted.) See Adam Williamson's blog entry on how EFI works for more on this subject.

  install ubuntu with grub on the M.2 drive

Note that the ESP must be readable by the EFI. Some computers' EFIs can read hard disks but not NVMe or M.2 disks. There's no way of knowing whether this will be true for your computer. If it is, you'll have to put your boot loader on the regular disk. Chances are you'll also have to boot your Linux kernel from the regular disk, too, meaning you'll need to put a /boot partition on that disk. This isn't certain, though; if your firmware can read your M.2 disk, then you'll be fine with a separate ESP and/or the Linux kernel on that disk.

One big caveat is this: The Ubuntu installer ignores any hints you might give it about where to install GRUB in EFI mode. It will install to the ESP on whatever it identifies as the first disk (if it has an ESP). Thus, if you want to put GRUB on an ESP on the M.2 disk, and if the Ubuntu installer identifies that disk as the second one, you'll have to jump through some extra hoops to get what you want. Two possibilities are:

You can launch the Ubuntu installer in "try before installing" mode, open a Terminal window, and type ubiquity -b. This will launch the installer but tell it to not install GRUB. You'll probably have to manually partition the M.2 disk, either before running ubiquity or as part of its operation, and create an ESP. When you're done, you can edit /etc/fstab in the installed system to mount the ESP on the M.2 disk at /boot/efi. You'll then have to install GRUB by using Boot Repair or by doing it manually. Alternatively, you could install my rEFInd boot manager or some other boot loader.
You can install normally (but you'll probably have to partition manually, as before) and let GRUB install to the ESP on the first disk, then boot into the installed system. Once you've booted, you can edit /etc/fstab, unmount the first disk's ESP, mount the M.2 disk's ESP, and re-install GRUB by typing sudo grub-install. This should get GRUB installed to the M.2 disk. A copy will still reside on the first disk, but it shouldn't do any harm.

OTOH, it's possible that the Ubuntu installer will identify the M.2 disk as the first disk, in which case no extra hoop-jumping will be required. Given the hassles of working around this, IMHO it makes the most sense to just let the installer put GRUB where it wants to and live with it. I can understand the desire to have "pristine" Windows and Ubuntu disks, but the effort required to achieve this goal is significant, particularly if you don't fully understand the EFI boot process and your firmware's capabilities.

One more caveat: Windows 8 and later turns its shutdown operation into a suspend-to-disk operation. This has the effect of trashing filesystems, including the ESP, when you multi-boot. You should be sure to disable Fast Startup and disable Hibernate in Windows to avoid these problems. This is true no matter where you install GRUB.

  Also, can anyone confirm if I'll need to UEFI and/or secure boot for this much also?

If Windows 10 came pre-installed on the computer, then it almost certainly boots in EFI mode. See this page of mine for information on how to determine the Windows boot mode with certainty. The preceding (and following) paragraphs assume that your Windows is booting in EFI mode.

As a general rule, it's best to install all your OSes so that they use the same boot mode (BIOS/CSM/legacy vs. EFI/UEFI). Mixing boot modes is often possible, but it's always limiting and it usually requires jumping through extra hoops for both installation and boot loader configuration, and often for boot loader use.

If the computer ships with Windows 10 booting in EFI mode, it almost certainly also uses Secure Boot. In most cases, Ubuntu works fine with Secure Boot active, so this should pose no problems. If you think Secure Boot is causing problems, you can disable it and Windows will continue booting; however, based on various forum posts I've seen, I believe that many people are far too quick to blame problems on Secure Boot. To be sure, it can cause problems, but for a relatively simple installation like yours, IMHO it's best to leave it enabled, at least initially.

So, to recap, you can set up Ubuntu with GRUB on either the ESP that Windows created or an ESP on your M.2 disk, with the caveat that the latter might not work if your firmware can't read the disk, and it may take a lot of hoop-jumping to get GRUB to install on the M.2 disk. Either way, if everything works correctly, GRUB will take over as the default boot loader, and you should be able to use GRUB to select which OS to boot. Alternatively, you should be able to use the computer's built-in boot manager to select between GRUB (it will be called ubuntu in the menu) or Windows.


Why am I getting graphical error while booting?

In my case I also see the "pink and purple" screen when booting because of speed related checks. I am assuming this is normal since the PC boots too fast for the plymouth logo (The cool Ubuntu logo with the animation) to appear, it simply defaults to a basic screen (The pink and purple one).

(The above needs verification from additional users since I have only tested this with my computers and some friends. Faster computers or booting faster means skipping the animated logo).

On my fast computers (Core 2 Duo 8500 and an i7 2600) this always happens. For a slower (still fast) one a Pentium 4 2.4Ghz, I can see the loading screen fine (The ubuntu logo).

BTW, Updates are done automatically, you will get a Update Manager window saying "Hey buddy, you got some new updates ready". If you do not want to wait simply go to a terminal and:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade.


how to assign a function with arguments to a variable, then pass the variable to another function in shell script

You should quote the argument like this: "$FUNCTION". Otherwise, the shell will run

create_dir python manage.py startapp ...

followed by all the words in the first argument to create_app. This way the first argument to create_dir will be python and the second one manage.py.

You are always on the safe side if you put double quotes around your variable expansions. This will prevent the shell from splitting the value of that variable into separate words, which the function then regards as different arguments when you pass to it that variable as an argument.

There are cases where you can go without quotes, for example in the line

DIRNAME=$1

or more generally

var2=$var

as the bash will automatically assume that you want to assign the entire value of var to the variable var2. On the other hand, if you write the value directly, you need to use quotes:

string="Hello World"


user not in sudo group but can perform sudo operations

It is normal. By default you have in /etc/sudoers:
# Allow members of group sudo to execute any command
%sudo   ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

So all users from the sudo group are allowed to do any operation. Adding a user to this group gives permissions because of this line.
You can add a separate user there as well.


Cannot upgrade unsupported version of Skype for Linux (v5)

Skype.com says:

  Important notice: All Skype for Linux clients version 4.3 and older
  will be retired on July 1, 2017. To keep chatting, please install the
  latest version of Skype for Linux.

It's enough to add the official skypeforlinux source and upgrade your current installation with these commands:

sudo add-apt-repository "deb https://repo.skype.com/deb stable main"
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

Alternatively, remove it with sudo apt remove skypeforlinux and install the current version from here. This will also add the source for updates to your sources, thus keeping the program automatically updated.

On upgrading to 17.10 the skype repository might get disabled so that you need to reenable it either in the Software Center or by editing /etc/apt/sources.list (do that only if you know what you do).


How can I add a custom item to the Sound Indicator (and make it clickable more than once)?

By running dconf-editor from the dconf-tools  we may incorporate an MPRIS complatible media player application to the sound menu with the key "com.canonical.indicator.sound.interested-media-players".

In the example here test was included which points to a test.desktop file in ~/.local/share/applications where we can run our appplication from the Exec= field. Restart your session to take effect.

As an entry in this menu is closely related to a media player, application control is done by DBus session bus com.canonical.indicator.sound. This is why we will not be able to re-run a script until a reset of the indicator was done. I succeeded to restart the test application after performing  Shutdown() on the org/ayatana/indicator/service object but this is quite a hack and definitely not the way the indicator sound menu should be used.

It may however point to the right direction. i.e. we need to make use of DBus for our script or application we want to reside in the sound indicator menu.


Partial answer, work in progress...

Update #1:

The computer has hardware problems. I recommend disconnecting the laptop's internal keyboard and touchpad to see if that resolves the slow boot times.

Step #1:

Lets first check your file system for errors.

To check the file system on your Ubuntu partition...

boot to the GRUB menu
choose Advanced Options
choose Recovery mode
choose Root access
at the # prompt, type sudo fsck -f /
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

Update: If for some reason you can't do the above...

boot to a Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
start gparted and determine which /dev/sdaX is your Ubuntu EXT4 partition
quit gparted
open a terminal window
type sudo fsck -f /dev/sdaX # replacing X with the number you found earlier
repeat the fsck command if there were errors
type reboot

Step #n:

Lets recreate a swap partition (not complete)...

gparted
sudo mkswap /dev/sdaN

copy new UUID to the clipboard

gksudo gedit /etc/fstab

Add the following two lines to /etc/fstab...

# swap was on /dev/sdaN during installation
UUID=correct_UUID_here    none    swap    sw    0    0

gksudo gedit /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume

replace existing UUID with paste from clipboard

swapon -a
sudo update-initramfs -u
reboot


When will Natty dailies have final 2.6.38 kernel in them?

It already is in Natty. You can check the version of the linux source package (which contains the kernel) on Launchpad here. From there the 'View full change log' link will show you what's changed over time.


Please note that this answer is for this particular case/ Question only after having the comments and outputs..

Login-Screen theming

Login Screen is themed by the file /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css this is a linked file and not the actual file..

to know which file is used you can use two ways..

ls -l /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css

Example:

parrot@i7-4770U:~$ ls -l /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 56 May 25 08:06 /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css -> /usr/share/themes/Flat-Remix/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css
parrot@i7-4770U:~$

from the above output it is observed that .../Flat-Remix/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css is the one used at login screen..

run sudo update-alternatives --config gdm3.css and look for the * mark

Example:

parrot@i7-4770U:~$ sudo update-alternatives --config gdm3.css
[sudo] password for parrot:
There are 12 choices for the alternative gdm3.css (providing /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gdm3.css).

  Selection    Path                                                                           Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
* 0            /usr/share/themes/Flat-Remix/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css                        20        auto mode
  1            /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/P1.css                                             15        manual mode
  2            /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ubuntu.css                                         10        manual mode
  3            /usr/share/themes/Flat-Remix-Dark-fullPanel/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css         17        manual mode
  4            /usr/share/themes/Flat-Remix-Dark/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css                   17        manual mode
  5            /usr/share/themes/Flat-Remix-Darkest-fullPanel/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css      17        manual mode
  6            /usr/share/themes/Flat-Remix-Darkest/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css                17        manual mode
  7            /usr/share/themes/Flat-Remix-Miami-Dark-fullPanel/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css   17        manual mode
  8            /usr/share/themes/Flat-Remix-Miami-Dark/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css             17        manual mode
  9            /usr/share/themes/Flat-Remix-Miami-fullPanel/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css        17        manual mode
  10           /usr/share/themes/Flat-Remix-Miami/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css                  17        manual mode
  11           /usr/share/themes/Flat-Remix-fullPanel/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css              17        manual mode
  12           /usr/share/themes/Flat-Remix/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css                        20        manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number:

So it is clear that login screen .css file can be found in these above two ways and thus editing it will make required changes for login screen only..

Unlock-Screen theming

this depends upon the Desktop Session you are using..

to know which desktop session you are using, you can run the below command

env | grep DESKTOP_SESSION

Example:

parrot@i7-4770U:~$ env | grep DESKTOP_SESSION
DESKTOP_SESSION=ubuntu
GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID=this-is-deprecated
parrot@i7-4770U:~$

from the above output it is observed that the DESKTOP_SESSION is ubuntu which is the default one..

for the default desktop session in Ubuntu 18.04 the style sheet is defined in the file /usr/share/gnome-shell/modes/ubuntu.json

So open the file in a terminal with the below command

nano /usr/share/gnome-shell/modes/ubuntu.json

Example:

{
    "parentMode": "user",
    "stylesheetName": "ubuntu.css",
    "enabledExtensions": ["ubuntu-dock@ubuntu.com", "ubuntu-appindicators@ubuntu.com"]
}

in the above ubuntu.css means /usr/share/gnome-shell/themes/ubuntu.css is the file for both default Shell Theme and for Unlock-Screen..

so, to have the same effect of login screen theming on Unlock-screen.. we have two options..

either changing the file  name/path ubuntu.css or replacing the contents in ubuntu.css with the flat-remix-gnome which is used at login screen..

in this particular case the best option is to change the file name/path like this by editing /usr/share/gnome-shell/modes/ubuntu.json

{
    "parentMode": "user",
    "stylesheetName": "Flat-Remix/gnome-shell.css",
    "enabledExtensions": ["ubuntu-dock@ubuntu.com", "ubuntu-appindicators@ubunt$
}

this means default shell theme and unlock-screen both uses this Flat-Remix/gnome-shell.css file..

So for login screen theming you have to open the file with below command

sudo -H gedit /etc/alternatives/gdm3.css

and for unlock-screen/ default shell theme

sudo -H gedit /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/Flat-Remix/gnome-shell.css


May I suggest an alternative approach: Make fonts larger and icons larger?

TTY font size is set with sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-setup as illustrated at How do I change the font or the font size in the TTY (console)?

Preferences | Appearance allows you to set the default font in the GUI as shown at How to change font size which can't be picked from 'Font' setting

GUI icon size is changeable as per How to resize the Unity launcher? by a right-click on the Desktop followed by Launcher Icon Size at lower right, unless you're using Classic, in which case see How can I make the icons larger and/or clearer in Classic Menu Indicator? for more.


You want to run script from a folder, right? In that case you need to open file manager, go to Edit drop-down  menu -> properties -> behavior, and check "Run executable files when they are opened." But pay attention, if a script doesn't call for an xterm or anything like that to open, you won't see the script running step by step


Prevent Origami (folding@home) from using all cores

As explained in the ubuntu faq about Origami the only solution to limit cpu usage is cpulimit... BUT, according to the page for F@H on Notebook, you can configure your cpu governor to ignore nice processes, so the frequency will not grow up when starting Origami :

echo 1 | sudo tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/ondemand/ignore_nice_load

or in your /etc/rc.local to activate it at boot :

echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/ondemand/ignore_nice_load
echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/ondemand/ignore_nice_load
echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/ondemand/ignore_nice_load
echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/ondemand/ignore_nice_load
# ... and the same for each cpuN

You can change your cpu governor by using cpufreq-set :

cpufreq-set -r -g ondemand  # will set the governor ondemand

cpufreq-set -r -g performance  # will set the governor performance

Here is the list of the cpu governors :

ondemand scales up CPU speed as long as the CPU load remains high.
conservative does the same, but slower, and backs off quicker
performance stays at the max CPU speed, all the time.
powersave stays at the min CPU speed, all the time.


dpkg -i <packagename>

is the command to install a downloaded package. See man dpkg for more details.


What is the difference between echoing strings to a file and pasting to it?

It may be that one version has a newline at the end, where the other does not.  You would not notice unless you knew what to look for.

You may need to do it this way:

echo "deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian trusty contrib\n" ...


Xubuntu 18.4 freeze when on youtube and online sudoku

The system is missing the proper Nvidia drivers for the GeForce 500 series.

Solved by installing the drivers:

sudo apt update
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall


Ubuntu system is broken after accidentally uninstalling many packages

You can install the ubuntu-desktop task:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop^

This will install all the packages of the standard Ubuntu Desktop you have removed. It won't restore packages you had installed that are not part of the standard desktop (i.e. it will reinstall Unity and Firefox, but not Flash player).

To install those packages, you can look into /var/log/apt/history.log and see exactly what you had removed.

Note: installing the ubuntu-desktop^ task is not the same as installing the ubuntu-desktop package. The first will give APT some hints to resolve dependencies involving virtual packages, the latter will give APT the freedom to choose packages (and will end up installing useless stuff like ubiquity).

Why has the problem happened? apt-get remove jpeg* will not remove all packages starting with jpeg. It will instead remove all packages containing jpe in their name. This is because apt-get works with regular expression, so that jpeg* means: everything containing jpe followed by zero or more g.


How to install intel microcode on a live usb stick?

Ok i would appear that despite my verification, windows fast boot was still enabled, and was causing interference with my wifi adapter. Disabling it from windows solved the problem. Wifi worked and from here i could also get my graphics driver working.


E:Vyprvpn needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it

In most cases the command

sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq vyprvpn

is enough. In your case the problem derives from the pre-removal script:

  dpkg: error processing package vyprvpn (--remove): subprocess installed pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 start: Unable to connect to Upstart: Failed to connect to socket

Delete the pre-removal script:

sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/vyprvpn*.prerm

Now remove the package again

sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq vyprvpn


To run run sqlite3 open the terminal and type sqlite3

$ sqlite3
SQLite version 3.8.2 2013-12-06 14:53:30
Enter ".help" for instructions
Enter SQL statements terminated with a ";"
sqlite>


systemd-analyse blame: what is dev-sda1.device?

As per man systemd.device:

  A unit configuration file whose name ends in ".device" encodes
  information about a device unit as exposed in the sysfs/udev(7) device
  tree.

Other units can use the device units to be available before they run.

What is likely happening: You have a mount for /dev/sda1 in your /etc/fstab.
Systemd will parse fstab and generate .mount units for each item. This mount unit will have an After=dev-sda1.device in it so that it only tries to mount the filesystem once the partitions block device is availible.

You can see which unit is waiting for the device by running:

systemctl show dev-sda1.device --property=Before

The reason why the device is taking time is the kernel needs to load all the driver modules necessary to access the disk, and then read the partition table. On newer hardware with an SSD, this will be much quicker.


Stata installation: how to add stata to the .profile PATH?

I do something similar to add my scripts to my path by adding this to my ~/.bashrc:

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/scripts

So, to add stata to your path, add this:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/stata


Where is the Adobe flash player Settings Manager?

If you run:

me@ubuntu:~$ dpkg -l | grep flash
ii  adobe-flash-properties-gtk             11.1.102.55-0oneiric1                      GTK+ control panel for Adobe Flash Player plugin version 11
ii  adobe-flashplugin                      11.1.102.55-0oneiric1                      Adobe Flash Player plugin version 11

you will get list of all your 'flash' packages. This way you will find the exact package name: adobe-flash-properties-gtk.

Now, you can find binaries in the adobe-flash-properties-gtk package, by:

dpkg -L adobe-flash-properties-gtk | grep bin
/usr/bin
/usr/bin/flash-player-properties

So, the answer is: flash-player-properties command from the adobe-flash-properties-gtk package.


try digging Here
I had the same problem , it helped me


Will I be able to contribute to Ubuntu in the future through other services in addition to PayPal?

You can indeed donate with your credit card with Paypal, so that might have been a bad example.

The ability to use Paypal gives you a range of options if you have a Paypal account, including credit from items that you sell (such as Ebay items) and even linked bank accounts.  It's one of the more secure ways to do business online because only Paypal gets to see your card or account details; it significantly reduces the risk.

If you are looking for other financial ways to support Ubuntu and Canonical, you might like to have a look at some of the great Ubuntu merchandise available:

https://shop.canonical.com/


Remove all English text and leave Arabic text

You can use tr:
tr -s '[\0-\200]' ' ' < file

replace all characters from ASCII-code=(0)10 to ASCII-code=(128)10 with single space.
\nnn is character with octal value nnn. (128)decimal=(200)octal
[\0-\200] like alpha class [A-Z] it's a character class that includes all ASCII control characters.
or use :
tr -s '[ -~]' ' ' < file

This command is the same as tr -s '[\40-\176]' ' ' < file command which replaces all ASCII characters between space and character ~. See the ASCII control characters.
Output:
 أستطيع كما شئ منذ لذا واحد جدا يمكنك لديك الرجل يبدو كلا لدي أوه تفعل سيدي

Another way is using that class and awk command:
awk '{gsub(/[\0-\200]/, "");print}'  file
أستطيع
كما
شئ
منذ
لذا
واحد
جدا
يمكنك
لديك
الرجل
يبدو
كلا
لدي
أوه
تفعل
سيدي

You can use the same methods with grep command:
grep -Po '[^ -~]+' file
grep -Po '[^\0-\200]+' file
grep -Po '[^\x0-\x80]+' file  #used HEX code


I found an answer in madcurie's answer

  for anaconda 2 :

export PATH=~/anaconda2/bin:$PATH

  for anaconda 3 :

export PATH=~/anaconda3/bin:$PATH

  for anaconda 4 :

  Use the Anaconda Prompt

  and then

conda --version

  to confirm that it worked.


How can I go to the previous edited location on gedit?

If the plugin you're referring to is gedit-back-forward, it had its last commit on July 25 2009. In other words, it probably is no longer maintained or compatible with your current version of gedit.


Ive installed both the graphics drivers; Is that bad?

It shouldn't.  When you install through jockey it usually takes care of all the deactivating of other drivers and such for you.  This is the bonus of using jockey.

I'm a fan of getting things rolled into debs and leveraging tools that already exist instead of using svn/git updates per piece of software...


Power meter ACPI000D:00: Ignoring unsafe software power cap

This error occurs because the ACPI _PMC (Power Meter Capabilities) object for that device ACPI000D (the power meter) has bit 0 set that indicates that the device supports power measuring capability, however, the kernel driver has detected that the hardware does not support this feature and hence reports that the power capability is probably dubious and so ignores it.  Basically, the firmware indicates that power metering is available, but the kernel driver does not believe it for your hardware.

Currently, the only hardware that seems to allow this is certain IBM hardware with "IBM Active Energy Manager".

For more details about this ACPI functionality, consult section 10.4.1 of the ACPI specification.

One can force this feature on using the kernel parameter force_cap_on=1, however this is not advised unless you know what you are doing.

I think this message can most probably be safely ignored.  One could turn the kernel error messages off completely to disable this, however, this will bar you from seeing possibly helpful errors that the kernel reports in the future. This message is being reported as dev_err() level device error message, so one would have to disable dev_err level error messages to silence this error.

For example, setting kernel parameter loglevel=2 will report emergencies, alerts and critical errors and ignore errors of level 3 (error) and below. To do this edit /etc/default/grub (with root privilege) and change GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT to include loglevel=2, e.g.

sudo gedit /etc/default/grub

edit and set:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash loglevel=2"

save the changes and run:

sudo update-grub

The long term fix would be to modify the driver and change the dev_err to a dev_warn


Video Lens Only Displays up to 100 Local Videos

The video lens is coded to display a maximum of 100 results in its searches of local files.  If there is no search terms entered, then it will display the first 100 local videos it finds.  With search terms, it will display the first 100 videos matching the search terms that it finds.

The maximum limit is there for reasons of performance.  It is also more difficult for users to find what they are looking for  large numbers of results rather than try to reduce the number of results by using more specific search terms.

That being said, to increase the maximum number of results being displayed:

In a terminal, enter the following to edit the source code of the video lens:

sudo gedit /usr/lib/unity-lens-video/unity-lens-video

You will need to enter your password to edit this file.
In the file, find line 220:

if video_counter < 100:

(or press CTRL+F and search for 100)
Change 100 to a larger number ( e.g. 500) and save the file
Log out and log back in again. The video lens should now display a larger number of local files.


How do I find newly installed applications in Ubuntu 13.04

Try the following:

sudo dpkg --get-selections > ~/Desktop/list.txt

The above command will create a text file in your Desktop containing all the installed packages. You can now open it using a text editor to view the contents.


Removal of multiple sub-folders in Ubuntu server doesn't work using curly brackets

As per your comment Is there any other 1-liner by which I can clear those folders regardless of they are empty or not ? use this:

other 1-liner

Use this:

First make sure you are in the magento-root/ directory.  Then run this line:

$ for i in var/cache var/session var/log var/report; do rm -rf $i/* ;done

If you are not in the magento-root directory use use this one liner cd to the magento-root directory:

 cd magento-root; for i in var/cache var/session var/log var/report; do rm -rf $i/* ;done


RTL8723DE Working with signal, but never connects

Run in a terminal

sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723de.conf <<< "options rtl8723de ant_sel=2"

and reboot.

If this doesn't help, try ant_sel=1.

Your laptop has only one wireless antenna connected to the wireless adapter. The adapter is designed to work with one or two antennas.

Auto selection of antennas doesn't work in Linux drivers. So you need to tell the driver which antenna is in use.

If a wrong one is selected, you have very low signal. The adapter can see access points, but the signal is not enough to connect.

This command creates a config file that sets the antenna 2 to be in use.


Please have a look to my answer on the following question

How do I get the Broadcom BCM4313 wireless working on an Asus 1015PX?


Ubuntu 10.04 does not have the required pcre version available. I guess I will need to upgrade to a newer version of Ubuntu.


Network not working after downgrading kernel

sudo apt install --reinstall linux-generic linux-image-generic  linux-headers-generic

linux-generic points to linux-image-generic (points to newest available 4.15. kernel line) and linux-headers-generic (the same but for kernel-headers)


After running computer-janitor, ubuntu crashed ( Possibly deleted configuration packages)

Try sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop , it will try to install the deleted packages that janitor deleted. Use of Janitor is not Recommended

Also for recovering deleted file try here .

And use of janitor is not recommended as fossfreedom said here

  Computer Janitor is being dropped in the next version of Ubuntu -
  mainly because nobody used it and the serious perceived issues that it
  could break your system with some of its suggestions.


Can't access files on mounted shared folder from windows

You need to set ownership of your ubuntu folder to your unix user and group, and specify them when you mount it (uid and gid)

sudo mkdir -p /path_to_my_ubuntu_folder
sudo chown your_unix_user:your_unix_group /path_to_my_ubuntu_folder
sudo mount -t cifs //win-server/folder -o username=myuser,password=mypass,uid=your_unix_user,gid=your_unix_group /path_to_my_ubuntu_folder


Software center doesn't open when i click its icon!

Try to restart the system and open the software center again. But I sure recomenda that you use the command line to make stuff on Linux Systens


Cannot boot into Ubuntu 13.04-amd64 after install

To re-iterate, Windows 7 was booting completely fine post install so the issue was not NTFS. I managed to fix the issue and everything is working peachy smooth. My solution is detailed below for anyone who has similar EFI booting problems.

Drive were mounted as:

i. SDA: Mint UEFI install flash drive
ii. SDB: Intel SSD used in SRT caching
iv. SDC: 1.5 TB NTFS data drive
v. SDD: 250 GB WD Linux install
vi. SDE: 640 GB WD drive with Windows 7

Steps:

Start UEFI USB install
Delete the EFI partition on SDC
Delete partition table on SDD
Manually create a 200 MB EFI boot partition at sector 0 on SDD
Create 237 GB EXT 4 partition on SDD
Create 13 GB Swap partition on SDD
Install Linux to SDD
Reboot and set UEFI: linuxmint as default in the bios

I am pleased to say everything is working flawlessly now including the proprietary AMD Catalyst drivers, AMD Overdrive, Steam, Skype, Creative THX external sound card, MX518, Sublime Text 2, LaTeX, etc. This is by far the most complete, out-of-the-box install I have ever done. Once I sorted out the booting issues it was even smoother than Windows.


Compressing a folder (tar) without its containing directory in the folder name

The easiest way to do that is to cd to the directory first:

cd /path/to/containing/folder && tar -zcvf tarfile.tar.gz foldername_tocompress

So that the (containing) folder's directory becomes the root directory of your compressed file.

A bit more advanced is using the -C option:

tar -zcvf tarfile.tar.gz -C /path/to/foldername_tocompress .

This creates a tar.gz file in the current (working) directory, containing all files/folders inside foldername_tocompress (mind the dot, saying all files/folders should be included).


VLC instalation problem (Installing through Terminal)

This happened to me after the upgrade from Ubuntu 14.04 to 14.10.

I found this Solution that helped me.

You need to add the xorg-edgers fresh X crack Repository
with this Code in Terminal:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa
apt-cache policy libgl1-mesa-glx libglapi-mesa

Then Reboot your PC.
Then update the repositories with the following commands and install VLC:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install vlc


Updated Ubuntu 14.04 now after putting in password it doesn't load anything else

This Probleme accured in unity configuration try to reset unity by typing

unity-reset

The second method might not work in all cases but it can be used in case the above method doesn't work for you or you simply want to try and reset Unity and Compiz manually.

Firstly, install dconf-tools:

sudo apt-get install dconf-tools

Since Compiz in Ubuntu 14.04, 13.10 and 13.04 is using Gsettings (dconf), you can reset Compiz and Unity by using the following command:

dconf reset -f /org/compiz/

The old "unity --reset" command used to restart Unity too, while the command above doesn't. So to restart Unity after running the above command, use:

setsid unity

You can also run the following command to see the Compiz settings you have:

dconf dump /org/compiz/

_I recomend to install unity tweak tool

sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool


how to avoid powertop settings to roll back automatically

Powertop's recommendations are very schematic, they do not take into account frequently occurring problems with certain types of devices.

For that reason TLP's settings deviate from powertop's recommendations for a few but important exceptions

Refer to:

https://linrunner.de/en/tlp/docs/tlp-configuration.html#usb
https://linrunner.de/en/tlp/docs/tlp-faq.html#powertop

USB Autosuspend: Input devices like mice and keyboards as well as scanners handled by libsane are exluded by default – this saves you the hassle of malfunctioning devices

VM writeback timeout: Powertop insists on a value of 1500 centisecs, whereas TLP's defaults are 1500 on AC and 6000 on battery power. If you incline towards powertop's opinion then change your config file to: MAX_LOST_WORK_SECS_ON_BAT=15 Otherwise just ignore it.

[Disclaimer: I'm TLP's author]


How to map keys to launch URLs in Firefox?

Go to System Settings -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts -> Custom Shortcuts

Then press "+" and add your new shortcut. And just type name and command

For example:

After that you have to press this shortcut and change the keys


Installation ncurses to run command menu config

Installing libncurses-dev solved this problem for me on ubuntu-mate 16.04.1 as of Fri Aug 19 with a fully updated system.


ISSUE#1
.metadata folder is hidden and it's placed in directory that you specified as your 'workspace' directory while opening Eclipse for the first time.

ISSUE#2
You tried to remove some dependant package while one of the process was active, probably tomcat server was started from Eclipse.


Why won't Steam launch properly? And why do I get these error messages?

It's best to use the driver that says:  propietary-updates.


I figure out. I had to rename ubuntu.desktop in /usr/share/xsessions

sudo mv /usr/share/xsessions/ubuntu.desktop /usr/share/xsessions/ubuntu.desktop-backup


Follow these steps :

Boot from a LiveUSB or CD in "Try Ubuntu" mode.
Open Gparted partiotion editor (It is installed by default. If not you can install it by using the command sudo apt-get install gparted)
Resize your partitions.

Right click on the partition to be resized
Click on Resize/Move
Adjust the size of the partition
Click Resize/Move

Click apply.
Reboot and take out the USB stick or CD.

You can also do this by using Gparted live.


Changing partitions may have reordered them. But UUID should be the same. If you did not delete or the partition tool did not delete the Linux partition, you should be able to use Boot-Repair to fix the grub install. But if partition is missing you need testdisk from liveCD.

Boot Repair -Also handles LVM, GPT, separate /boot and UEFI dual boot.:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair
You can repair many boot issues with this or 'Create BootInfo' report (Other Options) & post the link it creates, so we can see your exact configuration and diagnose advanced problems.
LighterWeight (Lubuntu based) Boot-RepairCD
http://sourceforge.net/projects/boot-repair-cd/files/

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DataRecovery

http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/TestDisk


You need an Ubuntu repository that has the hardy packages.

To do so, click on System->Administration->Software sources and select a different mirror.

For example, at http://ubuntu.mirror.ac.za/ubuntu/dists/ you can see that hardy is still listed.
Therefore, change to this South African mirror.


Problem with Remmina after upgrading to 20.04

Ok so this is weirding me out beyond being weirded out, but it somehow fixed itself.
The first part of the problem was fixed by cleaning leftover packages with
sudo apt autoremove

As for the second part, I am now not sure whether there was a problem in the first place or not. I opened a .remmina file from the .local/share/remmina folder and it worked just fine after which the app started running fine from both the terminal and the app tray. My guess is it launched correctly the first time I tried to run it, but the window didn't open on top of all the other apps, so I didn't notice.


Nvidia GTX 930M no "Sync to v blank" button

I have Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and Lenovo ThinkPad E540 with Nvidia Optimus - GT740M

I managed to get nVidia drivers working through this article:

http://www.webupd8.org/2016/08/how-to-install-and-configure-bumblebee.html

I had to pay attention to every step, especially the IBus one, that i at first didn't notice (therefore skipped), but doing the IBus step and rebooting solved the issue.

Now i can run programs through nVidia GPU with the help of optirun command (only).

Archived contents of the link in case of the page updating/going down.


Try re-installing the system on the flash drive.

Might possibly work if any files were incorrectly copied.


How to get moonlight drm working on ubuntu?

Moonlight doesn't (and never did) support DRM-protected movies.

I see two possible reasons for it to work on Linux Mint:

Wine.
Somehow the site doesn't use the Silverlight plugin, but Flash (or HTML5, or something else) instead.

(I don't know anything about Linux Mint, so this is just guesswork).

Note that Moonlight is dead, so don't wait for that to be fixed/implemented.


Why does apt-get install python3 with a trailing hyphen remove a lot of packages?

This is not a bug; this is documented in the man page. From man apt-get's install section1 (emphasis mine):

  If a hyphen is appended to the package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be removed if it is installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate a package to install.

So, when you did:

sudo apt-get install python3-

you've removed the python3 package and all the dependent packages (which includes the packages you mentioned).

Fix:

Firstly, you can install the ubuntu-desktop metapackage to get the default desktop environment back:

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop

Now, to re-install the removed packages, go to /var/log/apt/history.log, pick the packages, and run sudo apt-get install on them.

You might also want to peek into /var/log/dpkg.log.

1 If you have less as the man pager, you can go to the install section of man apt-get directly:

LESS='+/^[[:blank:]]+install' man apt-get


Keyboard-layout changes automatically (xfce)

To change the default user language, run Language support in Settings and drag your preferred installed language to the top of the list and hit Apply.  If you click Apply for all users it will make this language the default system language so that new users will automatically use the new language instead.

You can do the same for locales on the second tab and configure both the user and the default system locale there.

In order to stop the keyboard from changing layouts on a per application basis, add the Keyboard Layouts plugin on a panel, open its properties and change the last option to Globally.  That will keep the same keyboard layout no matter what you run.


How can I remove options from bios boot menu

Open your Ubuntu terminal using the key combination Alt  + Ctrl + T and follow the below procedure:

Paste the following command in terminal sudo gedit /etc/default/grub. It will open a file named /boot/grub/grub.cfg file
Add GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=true at the bottom of this file
It will prevent Windows being added to your grub menu
Now to write the change, run the command: sudo update-grub
You can then run cat /boot/grub/grub.cfg to check that your Windows OS entry has disappeared.
Restart your device to check the same


How can I add two bridged interfaces on separate LANS into KVM?

As "Both networks are 192.168.1.x based" is a plain IP conflict, you'll have to disable IPv4 in one of those networks on the host. You can still bridge it to VMs, but you'll have to make a choice or redesign your network here. There's absolutely no need to use the same address space in the wide range of RFC1918 addresses you're free to use.

The other mistake is the line iface eth2 inet manual while you also use it in the bridge interface. The below should work, I've only touched lines below the br0 section. Don't forget to properly shut down the eth2 and br1 interfaces first (ifdown eth2, ifdown br1), before you edit it and bring it up again (ifup br1 only!).

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
    address 192.168.1.20
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    network 192.168.1.0
    broadcast 192.168.1.255
    gateway 192.168.1.1
    # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
    dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 4.2.2.6 8.8.4.4
    dns-search firezen.com

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet manual

auto br0
iface br0 inet static
        address 192.168.1.21
        network 192.168.1.0
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        broadcast 192.168.1.255
        #gateway 192.168.1.1
        bridge_ports eth0
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        bridge_maxwait 0

auto br1
iface br1 inet manual
        bridge_ports eth2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        bridge_maxwait 0


Generate md5 checksum for all files in a directory

You can pass md5sum multiple filenames or bash expansions:

$ md5sum * > checklist.chk  # generates a list of checksums for any file that matches *
$ md5sum -c checklist.chk   # runs through the list to check them
cron: OK
database.sqlite3: OK
fabfile.py: OK
fabfile.pyc: OK
manage.py: OK
nginx.conf: OK
uwsgi.ini: OK

If you want to get fancy you can use things like find to drill down and filter the files, as well as working recursively:

find -type f -exec md5sum "{}" + > checklist.chk


After spending hours and hours trying to fix it and Googling, I reinstalled the OS off the installation CD I burned. I think that took only 15 minutes.

So, the lesson is to keep all you data on a separate partition. I probably don't need any updates anyway because 11.04 works fine the way it is. The entire OS only uses 4GB, so a 64GB SSD with 2 partitions works great.


You can't mount multiple partitions under the same directory. Separate mount points mount points should be made for each, such as, for example:

/media/external01
/media/external02
/media/...

By default, Ubuntu creates mount point of the following path:

/media/username/mountpoint

So to get rid of your problem, unmount first and then remount using the advice above.


How to deal with unmet dependencies when installing packages?


Default-Start contains no runlevels, aborting

At the top of your /usr/local/bin/haltusbpower.sh script add something like this:

#!/bin/bash
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          haltusbpower
# Required-Start:    $all
# Required-Stop:
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:
# Short-Description: Halts USB power...
### END INIT INFO


How to check if I installed tensorflow with GPU support correctly?

To check if you're using the gpu with tensorflow, run the following on a python console:

import tensorflow as tf
sess = tf.Session(config=tf.ConfigProto(log_device_placement=True))

and it'll dump a verbose description of your gpu


You can't change a file on a CD-RW and/or CD-R. If your CD is a CD-RW you can delete the CD, e.g. with Brasero, but you can't change a single file.

One of the optical medium on which one could modify individual files, was e.g. DVD-RAM.

And the command in your second screenshots waits for a closing quote, because in your command is only the opening quote.


Downgrading 18.04 kernel 5.0 to the original kernel that came with 18.04

It is quite easy. Run in a terminal:

sudo apt install linux-generic

That will install the 4.15 kernel and related meta packages.

Then boot with that kernel using grub menu and remove all 5.0 kernel packages.


Which Nvidia driver should i install for 5.3 Kernel

440 is perfectly compatible.

I used $ ubuntu-drivers devices and 440 was recommended

Then $ sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall


From the error report, it clearly says that you have to free up some space around 80 MB on your /boot partition or you have to increase the size of /boot partition.

Mainly /boot partition contains old(unused) kernals.Removing all of them will give you some space.See this question for how to free up some space in your /boot partition.

If you want to increase the size of /boot partition, then you have to boot from Ubuntu live disk or gparted live disk.Freeup some space from other partition and add it to your /boot partition.


How can I obtain an IPv4LL address when dhcp server is down?

have you installed avahi-autoipd package? It has hooks for dhcp client which do just what you asked for. Use the first configuration:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp


First you should figure out if your laptop provides two or three antenna (connections). If your laptop provides three antenna connections, you should (but must not) use all antennas for better signal quality.

My laptop provides three antennas, so I have been been using the Intel 5300 wifi card for a few months with 12.04 ubuntu precise now. So far, I did not have any problems or performance issues. To get a better overview, you can find official technical documentation on the Intel support pages.

Be aware! There is a difference between the 5300 and 5100 Model. While the 5300 provides connections for three antennas, the 5100 only provides connections for two antennas. As far as I know, both cards are available in half and full size mini PCI-E.

According to my experience, another big advantage with this Intel wifi cards is the great linux support, so these normally work perfectly out of the box. I hope I could help.


How do you configure the top left and right buttons of a Wacom?

You will need to configure these buttons using xsetwacom. Please see the following for an explanation of the issue:

https://github.com/linuxwacom/xf86-input-wacom/wiki/Consumer-Tablet-ExpressKey-Mapping-Issue


What is the current situation with BtrFS and 11.10?

BtrFS is under develpment, don't use it for critical data.

We do have tools to fix broken FS for some time. See apt-cache show btrfs-tools.
This package contains also btrfs-convert for converting from ext3. I don't know about ext4.

I don't know about any GUI tools for that but I don't expect any GUI tool for COW feature. It happens under the hood.

With regards to performance see this article.

I don't expect Ubuntu 12.04 to use BtrFS as a default FS since 12.04 is to be LTS and BtrFS is too young.


How can I make hot corners less sensitive?

You can edit the delay of hotcorners by installing the compizconfig-settings-manager (Ubuntu Software Centre). In the settings manager you can edit the 'edge trigger delay' in general optoins, for example, try 250.


cran studio does not have a release faile

You made a simple mistake when adding cran to your sources.

It's not bionic/
It is bionic-cran35/

One way to discover the correct entry is by merely opening the URL.


Is it safe to run an infected program under wine with another user?

Normally it wouldn't cause any harm if it's just a simple worm, but many worms also try to spread, so they will try to infect machines in your network which might be running windows.

As Networking/Internet works in Wine/Playonlinux, it would be possible for the malicious software to spread around.

Do you want to try to run such a file?

Edit - Answering your comment

That should be fine. I would recommend doing this stuff in VM though, without a network ofcourse. Then you can let that virus, etc go nuts.... Observe the logs, etc, whatever you wish to accomplish, but don't forget, these worms are just small hacks targeting specific bugs, takes a lot of effort to build Linux, which scales from embedded to super-computers. I just thought that deserves more attention than that pesky worm. Don't you think so?


Laptop's speakers emit an annoying sound when battery is not charging

I had the same annoying clicking sound on an old HP G7000 running Linux Mint 17 (based on Ubuntu).

This solution worked for me:

  gksu gedit /usr/lib/pm-utils/power.d/intel-audio-powersave

Find the line:

  INTEL_AUDIO_POWERSAVE=${INTEL_AUDIO_POWERSAVE:-true}

Comment it out (using #) and add the line:

  INTEL_AUDIO_POWERSAVE=false

If this doesn't work for you, please check the original source for other solutions.


You're experiencing this bug #1240848.

I have never on that condition. But, I'm sure It is safe to delete this dir (or just delete file(s) that's very big). You can also backup them if not so sure.

Try sudo apt-get purge logrotate then sudo apt-get install logrotate. If this not fixing the problem, then it is possible one of your application (or package) affecting it.

Many people say that it is periodically occured.


Nautilus: Visited directory via symlink, now I can't go one level up in the target directory hierarchy

Why this is a challenging question

The question has a few challenges:

nautilus does not communicate directly from the command line, to get the currently active directory for example, nor can you "send" the currently opened folder (-window) to another directory from the command line.
In the current path, as requested via "NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI", Nautilus does not return the real path to the current folder, but "sees" the link as if it was an actual folder.

The solution therefore is as dirty as it gets; we need to find workarounds. Below four options to solve the issue.

1. right- click to go one level up

To get the real path to the current directory, we have to retrieve information from the link. We can do that either by using ls -l on the link, which will output e.g.:

lrwxrwxrwx 1 jacob jacob 35 jan 15 08:23 /home/jacob/Bureaublad/Flyer_st/Verwijzing naar Site_current -> /home/jacob/Bureaublad/Site_current

where the section after -> is the real path inside the symlink, or, using python:

real = os.path.realpath("/path")

Using this in a nautilus script, we can indirectly get the real path to the current file or folder.

Then if we have the path, how do we make nautilus move one level up?

Again, we cannot solve this and keep our hands clean. To move one level up, we first edit the found path a bit, from:

/path/to/a/folder

into

/path/to/a

then, using xdotool to simulate Ctrl+L (the GUI shortcut to insert a path into a nautilus window, since there is no cli option to move to another directory using the current window), and subsequently make xclip paste the edited path + Enter, we have a working solution!

In practice

We are in a folder, opened from a link ("Link to Telegram") on my Desktop. The real folder is a sub folder of my Downloads folder:

Then if we right- click on any of the files inside the folder to run the script:

Automatically, the path to the superior directory is inserted:

And, also automatically, Return is pressed, and we move one directory level up:

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import os
import time

def run(cmd):
    subprocess.call(["/bin/bash", "-c", cmd])

current = os.getenv("NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI").replace("file://", "").replace("%20", " ")
real = os.path.realpath(current)
up = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(real, os.pardir))
run("xdotool key Control_L+l")
run("printf '"+up+"' | xclip -selection clipboard")
run("xdotool key Control_L+v")
# confirm by virtually press Return
time.sleep(0.1)
run("xdotool key Return")

How to set up

The script needs both xdotool and xclip:

sudo apt-get install xdotool xclip

create, if it doesn't exist already, the directory

~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts

Copy the script above into an empty file, save it as level_up (no extension) in ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts, and make it executable
You might have to log out and back in.
Now you should be able to run the script by right- click on a file (any) > scripts > level_up:

[EDIT] I changed the script above to paste the path into the nautilus window, instead of making xdotool type it. It needs xclip to be installed, but it is a major improvement, especially on very long paths.

2. Alternatively, open a new nautilus window in the superior directory

You could avoid using xdotool, by making the script open a new nautilus window, in the parent's directory. The script would then be even shorter:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import os

def run(cmd):
    subprocess.call(cmd)

current = os.getenv("NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI").replace("file://", "").replace("%20", " ")
real = os.path.realpath(current)
up = real[:real.rfind("/")]
subprocess.Popen(["nautilus", up])

In this case, you wouldn't need to install xdotool. We could even extend the script by closing the original window and placing the new window exactly in the same position (& size).

The downside is that the history of the original window is lost this way.

3. An additional solution: alternative way to (automatically) create links

Not relevant to existing links, but when used from the GUI, a nautilus script to automatically create executable .desktop files on right-click might be helpful:

right-click on the directory to create a shortcut (behaving as a link)

Unlike symlinks, these links will take you to the actual folder, without behaving as a folder itself:

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import os

current = os.getenv(
    "NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS"
    ).replace("file://", "").replace("%20", " ").strip()

if os.path.isdir(current):
    parent = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(current, os.pardir))
    fldr_path = '"'+current+'"'
    folder = current[current.rfind("/")+1:]
    linkfilename = parent+"/"+folder+"link.desktop"
    linkdata = [
        "[Desktop Entry]",
        "Type=Application",
        "Name=Link to -> "+folder,
        "Icon=folder",
        "Exec=nautilus "+fldr_path,
        ]
    with open(linkfilename, "wt") as wt:
        for l in linkdata:
            wt.write(l+"\n")
    command = "chmod +x "+"'"+linkfilename+"'"
    subprocess.Popen(["/bin/bash", "-c", command])

How to use

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as make_link (no extension) in ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts, and make it executable
Use the script by choosing it as a right- click option as in the first image. An executable .desktop file will be created in the same directory, move it elsewhere if you need to; the linked path is absolute.

Give the link an distinguishing icon

You could give the alternative link a distinguishing icon. If you search inside the directory /usr/share/icons for "folder", numerous valid options pop up.

If in the script the line "Icon=folder", is replaced by Icon=stock_folder-copy, (use the icon name without extension), the result on my system is:

Of course you can use your own custom icon as well, but if you use full paths (don't use ~), you should include the icon's extension.

4. Move to the superior directory with a short cut key

Probably the most convenient option; with the nautilus window in front, press a short cut key to move one directory up.

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import time
import os

def get(cmd):
    return subprocess.check_output(cmd).decode("utf-8").strip()

def run(cmd):
    subprocess.call(["/bin/bash", "-c", cmd])

# get information on the active window
front = get(["xprop", "-id", get(["xdotool", "getactivewindow"])])
# (only) if it is a "normal" nautilus window, take action
if 'WM_CLASS(STRING) = "nautilus", "Nautilus"' in front:
    # "virtually" press Ctrl + l
    run("xdotool key Control_L+l"); time.sleep(0.05)
    # copy the current path, calculate the "real" parent directory
    real = os.path.realpath(get(["xclip", "-o"]))
    up = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(real, os.pardir))
    time.sleep(0.1)
    # enter the superior directory
    run("printf '"+up+"' | xclip -selection clipboard")
    run("xdotool key Control_L+v")
    # confirm by virtually press Return
    time.sleep(0.1)
    run("xdotool key Return")

To use

For this solution, both xclip and xdotool Need to be on your system.

sudo apt-get install xdodool xclip

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as level_up.py (anywhere).
Add it to a shortcut key: choose: System Settings > "Keyboard" > "Shortcuts" > "Custom Shortcuts". Click the "+" and add the command:

python3 /path/to/level_up.py

NB The shortcut options are a bit limited in this case, since the script itself will simulate Ctrl+L, and Ctrl+Alt+L will make you log out... Ctrl+\ worked fine on my system.

Explanation

This script also simulates Ctrl+L, but instead of using nautilus' "NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI", it uses xclip to copy the automatically selected path in the nautilus window. Like option 1, the script then calculates the real path and derives the superior directory.

This option might be useful if you prefer the keyboard to using right- click.


How to batch rename files with "variables"?

If you're dedicated enough to tinker with regular expressions (in the example you're provided) then I suggest just to go one step farther and write a small script - say, in Python. This way you'll be able to perform absolutely any transformations to file names.

I would estimate the python script would be no longer than 15-20 lines long so it's definitely not a huge task. Using just regexps, as you're trying, is much more limited.

Here's my take on such script:

#!/usr/bin/python
import os,re

files = os.listdir('.')

SEASONS = (
 (1, 1, 3), # the format is - season number, first episode, last episode
 (2, 50,52),
 (3, 53,55),
 (4, 56,99),
)

for f in files:
    # skip all files which are not .mp4
    if not f.endswith(".mp4"):
        continue

    # find the first number in the filename
    matches = re.findall("\d+", f)
    if not len(matches):
       print "skipping", f
    num = int(matches[0])

    for season in SEASONS:
        if num <= season[2]:
            season_num = season[0]
            ep_num = num - season[1] + 1
            new_file_name = "BleachS%02dE%02d.mp4" % (season_num, ep_num)
            # This is for testing
            print "%s ==> %s" % (f, new_file_name)
            # Uncomment the following when you're satisfied with the test runs
            # os.rename(f, new_file_name)
            break

print "Done"

It looks like I under-estimated the script size (it's 36 lines atm), though I'm sure if you go to stackoverflow with this code, you'll get many suggestions which are much more elegant

And just because I said it can be done in 15 lines... the following is 20 lines, 5 of which is configuration :P

#!/usr/bin/python
import os, re, glob

SEASONS = (
 {'num':1, 'first':1, 'last':3}, # the format is - season number, first episode, last episode
 {'num':2, 'first':50, 'last':52},
 {'num':3, 'first':53, 'last':55},
 {'num':4, 'first':56, 'last':99},
)

files = glob.glob('bleach*.mp4')
for f in files:
    num = int(re.findall("\d+", f)[0])  # find the first number in the filename
    for season in SEASONS:
        if num > season['last']: continue
        new_file_name = "BleachS%02dE%02d.mp4" % (season['num'], num - season['first'] + 1)
        print "%s ==> %s" % (f, new_file_name) # This is for testing
        # os.rename(f, new_file_name) # Uncomment this when you're satisfied with the test runs
        break


Will the games I play with WINE be able to use the graphic drivers I install on Ubuntu?

If you don't have graphics driver installed wine will not be able to make use of accelerated graphics on the system, but that's true for everything else on the system.

Running games in wine might not always be perfect some games have high compatibility with wine some have lower or don't work at all.

Check for game compatibility here:
https://appdb.winehq.org/

So yes you will need graphics drivers.


I found a way to get back the sound.

I ran this code -

pactl load-module module-detect

and got

  21

Now the sound is back.

The problem was it was not detecting any Hardware Output Devices


Can't launch google chrome on ubuntu 15.10 install via PPA

You can download .deb file of chrome from https://www.google.com/intl/en/chrome/browser/desktop/index.html
And install directly


Not so sure about the last part of your question, the First Second and support plan part.

So since we don't know what is the model of your phone, and assuming it is possible to 'flash' ubuntu touch on it base on there is someone on youtube successfully do it, you can try message that person on how to do it, or read all the information here, or try search on this side.

But bare in mind, there is no any warrenty if your phone bricks or broken after 'flashing', so flash it on your own risk mate :)


Have you tried using some software to avoid manually dealing with the sys filesystem? I suggest using xbacklight.

xbacklight -set 10

This command will set the brightness of the screen to 10%. You can add that to your rc.local.

Edit: If the above procedure is not working there might be some problems between the kernel and the bios acpi.  Edit the file: /boot/grub/menu.lst

Add the following parameters to the default configuration: thinkpad-acpi.brightness_enable=1 acpi_backlight=vendor

The default line shoud look something like this:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash thinkpad-acpi.brightness_enable=1 acpi_backlight=vendor"

Save the modified file and run:

sudo update-grub

Reboot and check if xbacklight is working


Unfortunately it looks as if this PPA does not have much joy for Trusty Tahr:

  This ppa contains bits and pieces needed to test Vulkan BUT ONLY FOR XENIAL
  (and maybe 14.04 in the future).

If you filter for Trusty Tahr only you will see that all that is there for Trusty is the 355 and 364 NVidia drivers.


You can use ubuntu customization kit. It gaves the possibility to install you preferred applications. You can create an iso file also.


Besides the normal IPaddress, name and password in general all my VPN connections have the following settings:

In case any of my VPNs did not work selecting a fixed "security" option did the trick. In that case they all needed 128-bit encryption to work.

Do read the parts about VPN on the Network Manager part of the Ubuntu help in case you did not do this; you do need software for VPN to work.

  VPN

This type of connection is usually used by corporates to connect to their workplace via the internet or by universities to make special services available to their students and staff. Currently no more than one VPN connection at a time is supported (see here). The VPN packages are not installed by default. See VPN for how to do that.

  VPN support

Network Manager VPN support is based on a plug-in system. If you need VPN support via network manager you have to install one of the following packages:

network-manager-openvpn
network-manager-vpnc
network-manager-openconnect

The network-manager-pptp plugin is installed by default. On GNOME, you also need to install the -gnome packages for the VPN plugin you choose:

network-manager-openvpn-gnome
network-manager-vpnc-gnome
network-manager-openconnect-gnome


How to show the full path of a file or directory in the terminal?

If you are using nautilus to browse your files, you can toggle the navigation bar by pressing Ctrl + L.

If you are using the terminal, just use pwd to know the absolute path of your current location.


Ubuntu @myLaptop will boot only when failsafe graphics mode selected(several errors)

The problem is caused by xorg config file, see here:
"You do not appear to be using the nvidia x server"(screenshot included)

Sorry for the inconvenience.


I Recommend you try connecting your laptop though lan first, Then see if there are any additional drivers to install.

Also I Have Found this:

    STA - No Internet access

If you do not have any other means of Internet access on your computer, you can install the bcmwl-kernel-source package from the restricted folder under ../pool/restricted/b/bcmwl on the Ubuntu install media.

Note: The bcmwl-kernel-source package depends on the linux-headers packages so you may need to first retrieve the appropriate package(s) from the online repositories. A running LiveCD/LiveUSB environment has these packages (allowing the wireless to work), but an installed system may not. Make sure you have the linux-headers package that matches your current kernel version, plus the appropriate generic header packages so that they are automatically updated on a kernel upgrade. To find out your current kernel use the command:

uname -r

To find what linux-headers packages you have installed use the command:

dpkg -l | grep headers

Systems installed from CDROM can add the install CD as a package source and install bcmwl-kernel-source using apt-get as above. However, if you want to do it manually then the instructions are as follows:

Navigate the install media and install the packages listed below by double clicking OR install the packages consecutively from a Terminal (in the commands below the install media is mounted at /cdrom, but yours maybe different):

../pool/main/d/dkms

cd /cdrom/pool/main/d/dkms
sudo dpkg -i dkms*

../pool/main/p/patch

cd /cdrom/pool/main/p/patch
sudo dpkg -i patch*

../pool/main/f/fakeroot

cd /cdrom/pool/main/f/fakeroot
sudo dpkg -i fakeroot*

../pool/restricted/b/bcmwl

cd /cdrom/pool/restricted/b/bcmwl
sudo dpkg -i bcmwl-kernel-source*

From This Thread: wifi problems with lenovo g580 and ubuntu 12.10

For this, You Must Connect using lan.


Downloading software pacakges frequently restarts

No, what you're seeing is an artefact of variable connection speed: Ubuntu does a calculation of the ETA depending on the speed of the connection.  If the speed drops significantly (for a variety of reasons) it will "jump back to the left" and when the speed normalises again, it will "jump back to the right".

You should contact your ISP and have them monitor your line to see whether this is "normal" or not...


current directory only shown on top of terminal, how do I show it inside?

I assume you want the current working directory to show in your prompt.

According to your screenshot, your prompt is showing only your machine name. The output you gave for echo $PS1 doesn't even give me that... I can't replicate your prompt without a bit of tinkering: maybe you have: \[\e]0;\u@\h: \w\a\]\H\$ or... you're using a different shell maybe??

Here is the code for a really simple prompt that shows the username, computer name, and current working directory (enter this in a terminal to test):

PS1="\u@\h:\w$ "

But probably you want the working directory in your prompt AND in the window title... the normal prompt in Ubuntu is this:

\[\e]0;\u@\h: \w\a\]${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$

which is set in ~/.bashrc by:

# set a fancy prompt (non-color, unless we know we "want" color)
case "$TERM" in
    xterm-color|*-256color) color_prompt=yes;;
esac

# uncomment for a colored prompt, if the terminal has the capability; turned
# off by default to not distract the user: the focus in a terminal window
# should be on the output of commands, not on the prompt
#force_color_prompt=yes

if [ -n "$force_color_prompt" ]; then
    if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then
        # We have color support; assume it's compliant with Ecma-48
        # (ISO/IEC-6429). (Lack of such support is extremely rare, and such
        # a case would tend to support setf rather than setaf.)
        color_prompt=yes
    else
        color_prompt=
    fi
fi

if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '
else
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '
fi
unset color_prompt force_color_prompt

# If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir
case "$TERM" in
xterm*|rxvt*)
    PS1="\[\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h: \w\a\]$PS1"
    ;;
*)
    ;;
esac

So maybe you put something in your .bashrc to override that. Have a look at the end of it for lines like

export PS1="some code here"

or

PS1="some code here"
export PS1

To see if it has been overridden, and comment out those lines if they are there (put # at the start of the line) or just remove them.

You can also check that the section I pasted above (line 38-73 in my .bashrc) exists and hasn't been changed, if you just want to restore the normal prompt.

To get a completely clean .bashrc

mv ~/.bashrc{,.bak} && cp /etc/skel/.bashrc ~/.bashrc

If you want to customise your prompt, you can keep playing around until you get what you want... this site is helpful for reference.

When you have what you want add to .bashrc

export PS1="your code here "

Also see one of my favourite AU questions


libusb-1.0.so.0 is actually from the package libusb-1.0-0 which is available in Xenial.

To install for the native amd64 architecture:

sudo apt install libusb-1.0-0

I don't see why you'd need it for a different architecture in this situation. If, for some reason, you do need the i386 variant you can install it like this:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libusb-1.0.0:i386


Skype cannot be installed on Ubuntu 14.04.1

Please enable Canonical Partner repositories via System Settings > Software Update > Other Software reload the sources and then install skype via your software center.


Enabling auth_basic in Nginx displays 500 Internel Error

The user needs to be able to read not just the specific file, but the full directory path.  One test would be to temporarily setting the file to world readable.  If it can't read the file, then it's a deeper issue than just that given file's permissions.  Once you have figured out where in the path the issue is, start tightening permissions again.


gzip *.fastq

will create a compressed file for any file ending in .fastq

gzip -r {dir}

will create a compressed file for any file found in {dir}.

(gzip itself never creates 1 file. You could use tar with the z option for compressing)


Bluetooth drivers in Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS are worse than in Xubuntu 18.04.3 LTS

Chinese proverb: Go the mountain and meet the tiger.

In other words, It is a probably a difficult path to fix it.

Such cases dealing with hardware related issues need specific experience, which only few users may have. So we may not find a direct answer.

Generic path

Look for "debug" & "troubleshooting" instruction

wiki.ubuntu.com - DebuggingBluetooth

May check other distribution with same stack

wiki.archlinux.org - Bluetooth #Troubleshooting

An interesting tool hcidump to get verbose logs, check for use cases here in AU or Unix.SE.

Note: Documentation changes slower than tools themselves, so watch for last update date on web-pages and trust local man-pages.
Most debug instructions at some point, ask to test the edge development code or binary build.

If the Bluetooth device is a USB one (like major laptops), then it is possible to try any testing setup without touching your current production system using VirtualBox with the extension pack.
Ask Ubuntu a question or Submit a Bug Report (Ubuntu/LP or may be Upstream project). This is up to your evaluation where previously collected data are leading to.


How to get rid of "i2c i2c-1: sendbytes: NAK bailout" errors on Ubuntu Server?

For now, downgrading to 3.13.0-141 helped.


Files in Downloads folder deleted automatically

Usually DC++ downloads files in segments (from multiple sources, being a p2p network) and all those raw segments are first downloaded at some cache folder and then they're moved to your designated downloads folder when download is complete, so IMO, your 40 GB of space might've been consumed by that folder, try looking up in Disk Usage Analyzer.


Note: you could be helped by this question: Ubuntu gets stuck in a login loop
If you have access to CTRL+ALT+F1, this should be fine.
If you're lucky, all you need to do is run startx once you're logged in and get to a usable (albeit compiz-less) desktop.
If you're less lucky, here's the long way:
I found instructions here
In a nutshell, run
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

to update all packages, then
sudo apt-get install update-manager-core
sudo do-release-upgrade

to do the actual update to 13.10
Otherwise,
Get your files out (using a Live USB/CD)
and reinstall from a 13.10 Live USB/CD.


keys unspecified in the SSH config file are being attempted by ssh client

I suggest you also clean up /etc/ssh/ssh_config, as it might contain some of those Hosts you see when ssh-ing somewhere.

When using the ssh client, command-line options take precedence over configuration files. The user-specific configuration file ~/.ssh/config is used next. Finally, the global /etc/ssh/ssh_config file is used. The first obtained value for each configuration parameter will be used.


Try  sudo -u <username> <command>, sudo preserves the environment variables like DISPLAY.
$ xhost +SI:localuser:foo
localuser:foo being added to access control list
$ sudo -u foo firefox


Cannot access the localhost of the guest OS in VirtualBox

You can access the guest by typing in the IP address of the guest in a browser. To find the IP address, you can ssh into the guest OS and run ip a | grep net if it is a bridged adapter the IP address will likely start with 192.168..


With the Tab key you should to be able to pick the correct selections.


From the comments...

To answer your question, if you need to, you can either reinstall GRUB, or use Boot Repair to repair a non-bootable situation. See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair for detailed information. Search here on AU for Boot Repair and you'll get plenty of info. You'll need a bootable Ubuntu Live DVD to do this.

The gparted warning about moving partitions and becoming unbootable mostly applies to Windows partitions. Windows is very fussy about where its partition is on the disk, and doesn't like external changes to that position.

Make backups before any moves!

In moving/resizing partitions, use gparted to move sda5/6/7 to the right, and use Windows Disk Management app to extend the NTFS partition.

Better yet would be to use that unallocated space for a swap partition, and enabling swap in /etc/fstab.


I had the same problem..
what helped me was to downgrade kernel to lts-trusty 3.13.0-71-generic which I have been using before.
It also helped when I disabled anti-alliasing in system settings, but it looked really bad, so I switched it back on. Try that and maybe change title font.. that helped me ;)


Yes, almost all Intel CPUs made in the last decade or so can vary their clock speeds according to the load, and the default "frequency scaling governor" is the "on demand" governor, which keeps the CPUs at minimum speed until they are needed, at which point it immediately switches them to maximum frequency.

You can keep track of the changing frequencies by using the following command: watch -p -n1 'cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -i "hz"'. That will report the current CPU frequencies every second. Try running that in a terminal and then starting up a video in VLC while watching how the frequencies change. You can see if the poor performance correlates with the CPUs being downclocked inappropriately, but I doubt that is the real problem.


How to set vlc to be the default player for .avi files

1. Choice number one: Open a terminal where your file is and do the folloing command

mimeopen -d your_video.avi

there is the output:

Please choose a default application for files of type application/x-ms-dos-executable
    1) vlc
    2) ...
    3) Other...
use application #3
use command: vlc %f

Press 1 if you see vlc, if not, chose the Other solution (3 in that case)
Then type the name of your application followed by %f.

2. Choise 2:

mimeopen .avi

and then do the step above.


/etc/network/interfaces, systemd-networkd and NetworkManager: how do they coexist together?

As you might know /etc/network/interfaces has been replaced with netplan. And netplan works fine with both NetworkManager and systemd-networkd.

So you can have them all work together!

If you're running Ubuntu as your desktop, then you should use NetworkManager or config netplan so it uses NetworkManager as its default renderer:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager

Otherwise you can easily setup your interfaces in netplan itself, for example to have interfaces like configuration and network-manager work together:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager
  wifis:
    wlp4s0:
      dhcp4: yes
      access-points:
        my-access-point:
          password: passw00rd
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0:
      addresses:
        - 192.168.1.10/24
      dhcp4: false
      dhcp6: false
      gateway4: "192.168.1.1"
      nameservers:
        addresses:
          - "8.8.4.4"
          - "8.8.8.8"

  Configuration

  To configure netplan, save configuration files under /etc/netplan/ with a .yaml extension (e.g. /etc/netplan/config.yaml), then run sudo netplan apply. This command parses and applies the configuration to the system. Configuration written to disk under /etc/netplan/ will persist between reboots.

  Netplan configuration examples

Replacing netplan with ifupdown is still possible but something that I wouldn't suggests.

Install ifupdown
Remove netplan
Configure interfaces
Configure /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf so it would be able to manage your interfaces.
Restart networking services

You can even run dhclient directly to bring an interface up.


How to change monitor refresh rate (ATI Radeon HD 6450) on Ubuntu 12.04?

Your video card does not support 75Hz refresh rate for current resolution. You may decrease resolution to see if 75Hz become available. If satisfied, keep it, if not, you have to change the video card for a better one.


You made a little mistake in your debian/control file where you assumed that the python2.7 package provides the interpreter. /usr/bin/python is actually provided by python-minimal.

That's why the following lines in your Makefile don't work as expected in the build environment:

PYVER := $(shell python -c "import sys; print sys.version[0:3]")
CFLAGS := -g -I/usr/include/python$(PYVER) -Wall -Werror -fPIC $(OPTFLAGS) -fno-strict-aliasing

PYVER is empty as the python command is not installed in the ppa sbuild.

To solve your build problem, just use the following debian/control file:

Source: python-pyblock
Section: python
Priority: optional
Maintainer: Vojtěch Trefný <vtrefny@redhat.com>
X-Python-Version: >= 2.7
Build-Depends: debhelper (>= 9), python-all-dev, gettext, libdevmapper-dev, libdmraid-dev
Standards-Version: 3.9.5
Homepage: https://git.fedorahosted.org/cgit/pyblock.git/

Package: python-pyblock
Architecture: any
Depends: python2.7, python-selinux, python-parted, ${shlibs:Depends}, ${misc:Depends}
Description: Python modules for dealing with block devices
 The pyblock contains Python modules for dealing with block devices.

Note that I've only added python-all-dev as a build dependency (it depends on both the interpreter and its -dev packages)


What is the current status of the performance of nVidia vs ATI video cards?

In terms of hardware, I think at this moment ATI is providing more bang for your buck, with many cheap cards outperforming NVIDIA cards of the same value.

However, while ATI's open-source drivers are continuing to improve, I don't think they (nor the binary fglrx driver) compare with NVIDIA's proprietary driver -- yet. If you're using a typical desktop/office machine, you may be okay with a nice ATI card and either set of drivers. However, if you plan on doing any gaming, I think you may have less of a hassle using NVIDIA. So, at this point in time, I'd say an NVIDIA video card may be your best bet purely because of the drivers.

I have an NVIDIA GTS 250 and it's been running without issue, except for a text rendering bug in 10.10 (which is still beta) which has already been fixed in a newer driver.


I have 2 eclipse version 3.8 and neon.. remove 3.8?

If your Eclipse installation folder is in your /Downloads directory, you can delete the whole Eclipse folder from the command prompt using:

sudo rm -rf Eclipse/

Of course, you must be located at your Downloads directory. If not, you can use:

cd /Downloads

And then use the first mentioned command.

Best regards.


I have managed to create the logic.

nums_gpu = 5
slots = []
slots_bol = []
for x in range(nums_gpu):
    slots.append(x)
    slots_bol.append(True)

for x in range(nums_gpu):
    slots.append(x)
    slots_bol.append(True)


You have an error in this line:

auto bond0
auto iface inet static
address 10.1.10.30

It should be:

auto bond0
iface inet static
address 10.1.10.30


BCM 4306 not recognized after upgrade on a Dell Latitude D600

This worked for me:
You may have to physically toggle the wifi card. There should be a button somewhere on your dell for this.  Toggle and restart. I've had to do this two or three times in the past on new installs but once you get it on it should stay on unless you're dual booting with Windows. Then, you'll have to do this every time you use Windows.  Also, make sure wireless is enabled by clicking on the icon in the upper right hand corner and verifying that "enable wireless" is checked.

Problem is, I don't know if you loaded the drivers from system settings>additional drivers or not.  I've always been able to get well working drivers this way.  So, if it wasn't prompting you to install additional drivers automatically, you should first go to it manually through system settings.


Stop blue LED flashing on BQ Ubuntu phone

Maybe you have some notifications waiting. The first indicator (in the left) in the upper side of the screen is an envelope. If you see it green, then you have notifications that you can clear (page 36 of the manual) and then, the blue LED will disappear. If the envelope is grey, you will find it empty and there will be another reason.


I can't download from Ubuntu Software Center

The second part of the problem ("require installation of untrusted packages...") looks like a duplicate of
Updates don't install because of "untrusted packages"


According to one commenter on Stack Overflow there are files which contain an explanation of the error code number.

$ find /usr/include/ -iname *errno* -print -exec grep 110 {} \;
…
/usr/include/asm-generic/errno.h
#define ETIMEDOUT   110 /* Connection timed out */

My interpretation in this case would be that the usb subsystem tried to detect and read the device descriptor of device 1-1.6 to know how to communicate with this device. Unfortunately the device didn't answer in time so the connection timed out at 22.174038 in this example. The OS can make one or more attempts to detect the device after this failure, please check journalctl (search works like in vim) after the event happened, was it detected correctly after another attempt by the OS shortly after? Was it the modem dongle or something else?

If it got detected then there is not much to worry about. If it didn't then you need to identify to which device this problem relates to and when it happens. Does it also happen when you switch from Windows to Ubuntu or when you reboot Ubuntu?

To avoid problems with USB Internet dongles I recommend to use the SIM card it contains in a mobile wifi hotspot, a Dual SIM phone with hotspot functionality or an internal modem instead.

The question I linked to earlier was answered by the OP himself, he said that updating the firmware/BIOS solved the issue for him. You can check if there is a firmware update for your laptop available or for the USB device in question (usually not, but possible).