Should the swap area for ubuntu go on my ssd or hdd?

Assuming data partitions will be on the HDD

1) I would give Ubuntu 50GB minimum (10GB isn't enough for an install)

2) Swap should be on the HDD. SDD life is determined by writes, so only things that do not change frequently should be there.

3)  C: in windows is always the partition that it loaded from. you will have to set the download location in your software.

4)  Linux can mount NTFS partitions, but I would have 3 partitions. one for windows, one for Linux, and one for sharing files. the share partition needs to be formatted NTFS.

Note: quick boot in windows should be turned off if sharing a partition. Because quick boot is really a hibernate, sharing a partition with it turned on could cause file system errors on the shared partition.


How to fix "dpkg: error processing package systemd (--configure):

Check if you are the owner of all directories:
stat / /dev /var

If you aren't the owner, run the following in terminal:
chown root DirectoryYouAreNotOwner

Note: replace DirectoryYouAreNotOwner with the directory that you aren't owner of. So for example if the owner of / was unknown:
chown root /

Credit  to this Ask Ubuntu post.


Cannot install any softwares from software center in Ubuntu 14.04. Install icon is greyed

if you are using some software to connect to internet sometime network manager will not recognise your connection. Then you wont be able to install softwares through software center.

I had a similar problem and it solves when I disables network manager by running this command in terminal.

       sudo stop network-manager

Then software center greyed out install option will become normal.


Why does snapcraft fail with: module 'magic' has no attribute 'open'

There are two python modules named magic, with different APIs.

The one that snapcraft requires is packaged as a deb named python3-magic. This one corresponds to the module file-magic in pypi: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/file-magic

The other one is just called magic in pypi: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/magic

So if you do:

sudo pip install magic

You will get the wrong one, and it will be installed to a path that takes precedence over the python3-magic deb installed with apt. That's what causes the error.

To check if you have the other magic module installed from pip:

pip3 list | grep magic

And to remove it and fix snapcraft:

pip3 uninstall magic


Run /home/martyn/Desktop/Scanned Items$ python -m SimpleHTTPServer & in /etc/rc.local

You will have to escape white-space characters. So instead of:

/home/martyn/Desktop/Scanned Items

Use this:

/home/martyn/Desktop/Scanned\ Items

edit: David Foerster has a good point about not running this as root.


Unable to boot to Ubuntu after a restart

After some surfing around  I got the answer.
I made a bootable Ubuntu pen drive and chose the option to try Ubuntu.
Then followed the instructions here to run boot-repair and I was able to boot to Ubuntu again


How do I see examples on the ubuntu-sdk?

To see the list of files of an installed .deb package:

dpkg -L ubuntu-html5-ui-toolkit-examples

/usr/share/applications/ubuntu-html5-ui-gallery.desktop file there describes the icon that will appear in the Applications scope. I can open Ubuntu HTML5 UI Gallery if I search for it in Dash.

To run it from terminal:

qmlscene /usr/share/ubuntu-html5-ui-toolkit/0.1/examples/ui-gallery/qml/main.qml

Example HTML code for TextInputs is in /usr/share/ubuntu-html5-ui-toolkit/0.1/examples/widgets/TextInputs.html.


Dual boot: Cannot boot into Ubuntu after installation

This question is a partial duplicate of this one (and other similar ones):

How do I get my HP laptop to boot into grub from my new efi file?

In brief, your HP's firmware is broken and it can't remember the Ubuntu entry. There's a workaround, described in my answer to that question; however, since I wrote that answer, the relevant Boot Repair option has been moved to the Advanced menu, so you'll have to go looking for it there.

Also, I'm disturbed by lines 49-68 of your Boot Repair output:

Failed to read last sector (1069545470): Invalid argument
HINTS: Either the volume is a RAID/LDM but it wasn't setup yet,
   or it was not setup correctly (e.g. by not using mdadm --build ...),
   or a wrong device is tried to be mounted,
   or the partition table is corrupt (partition is smaller than NTFS),
   or the NTFS boot sector is corrupt (NTFS size is not valid).
Failed to mount '/dev/sda5': Invalid argument
The device '/dev/sda5' doesn't seem to have a valid NTFS.
Maybe the wrong device is used? Or the whole disk instead of a
partition (e.g. /dev/sda, not /dev/sda1)? Or the other way around?
Failed to read last sector (1069545470): Invalid argument
HINTS: Either the volume is a RAID/LDM but it wasn't setup yet,
   or it was not setup correctly (e.g. by not using mdadm --build ...),
   or a wrong device is tried to be mounted,
   or the partition table is corrupt (partition is smaller than NTFS),
   or the NTFS boot sector is corrupt (NTFS size is not valid).
Failed to mount '/dev/sda5': Invalid argument
The device '/dev/sda5' doesn't seem to have a valid NTFS.
Maybe the wrong device is used? Or the whole disk instead of a
partition (e.g. /dev/sda, not /dev/sda1)? Or the other way around?

A similar message repeats on lines 106-126, relating this time to /dev/sdb1. This may be related to the partition type identification for /dev/sdb1:

Partition    Start Sector    End Sector  # of Sectors System
/dev/sdb1             128     7,896,959     7,896,832 Intel Fast Flash (iFFS) partition (for Intel Rapid Start technology)

The iFFS/IRST is pretty bleeding-edge stuff, and I've seen few reports of it being used successfully with any Linux. A Web search turns up some posts about it, such as:

Howto run Ubuntu with UEFI and Intel Smart Response Technology
Ubuntu cannot see disk partitions when installing
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2256136
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2264831

I haven't read those threads in depth, but my suspicion is you may need to back up Windows (or at least your user data) for safety, disable this feature, fix your disk, and re-install Ubuntu.

DO NOTHING WITH YOUR COMPUTER UNTIL YOU'VE RESEARCHED THIS AND TAKEN APPROPRIATE STEPS! This is the sort of technology that, when mixed with an OS that doesn't understand it (such as Ubuntu, it seems) could cause massive data loss. I could be wrong, but my instincts tell me that you're headed down the path toward losing all your data.


If the screen is messed up and the computer is taking a long time to load, then the computer might not be able to handle Ubuntu. My desktop, with an AMD Sempron @ 1.7 GHz, 2 GB RAM and an NVIDIA GEFORCE Graphics card couldn't, so this old laptop with a 600 MHz processor and 64 MB RAM (specs here) probably can't. On my Ubuntu laptop, with a CORE 2 DUO and 2 GB RAM, usually about 600-800 MB of RAM is being used at a time, with 30-60 MB being used in the swap. You could try using Lubuntu instead, it's designed to be lightweight. However, I would recommend Puppy Linux. Puppy is an extremely lightweight OS that loads itself into the RAM. It installs on a 1 GB SD card with plenty of room to spare (you can use UNETBOOTIN to put the .iso file onto a usb flash drive or a disk burning program such as Brasero to put it onto a CD). Puppy is so lightweight that it loads itself into the RAM and doesn't even need a hard drive to work! However, if you do want to install onto the hard drive, you can use a frugal install.

That's the long explanation. In short, Ubuntu is too much to handle for this old, old, old computer, so you'll have to use something else.


To compile with library, you have to install -dev version of this library, and -dbg version would not hurt too. Although, install qt4-default and qt4-dev-tools


Running a script automatically just after login

You can use the same steps as shown in the following link:
How do I start applications automatically on login?

Just use the "startup applications" app and choose "Add" and add the bash script.

Remember to give your script the permissions to be executable.


VLC crashes when playing HDR videos after upgrade to Ubuntu 20.10

Have you try reset your preference (Tools > Preferences > Reset Preferences)?
I don't know if I have same case but a lot of my video also can not be played after I upgrade to 20.10 (the VLC just crash after brief moment I opened the file) and now it can be played again after I reset my setting.


I maintain a local mirror of Ubuntu Bionic so I can show you the size of the files.
This is the baseline 18.04 release from 4/2018. As you can see, the zipped 'Contents' files are ~37 MiB each.

the security and updates contents list are roughly twice as large (this is bionic-updates).

The unzipped Contents-amd64.gz from the baseline is nearly 600 MiB and contains 6,552,333 lines. It starts like this:
bin/afio                            multiverse/utils/afio
bin/archdetect                          utils/archdetect-deb
bin/ash                             universe/shells/ash
bin/autopartition                       admin/ubiquity
bin/autopartition-crypto                    admin/ubiquity
bin/autopartition-loop                      admin/ubiquity
bin/autopartition-lvm                       admin/ubiquity
bin/bash                            shells/bash
bin/bash-static                         universe/shells/bash-static
bin/block-attr                          admin/ubiquity


lock firefox developer edition in launcher

First, create a .desktop file

gedit ~/.local/share/applications/firefox-developer.desktop

Then paste this inside, adapting the Icon and Exec path values:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=Firefox Developer Edition
Icon=/home/firefox/browser/icons/mozicon128.png
Exec=/home/firefox/firefox
Terminal=false
StartupNotify=true

Search firefox using the dash: both the regular and developer versions should appear. Launch the developer version, right click on its icon on the Unity launcher and pin it.


Go to System Settings and click keyboard.

Click Shortcuts, and custom shortcuts.

Click add and then enter into it the following:

Volume+

amixer -D pulse sset Master 5%+

Click save and then repeat for Volume- (change the 5%+ to 5%-)

Click on disabled, then press the appropriate volume key. It will say Do you want to reassign. Click yes. Do the same for Volume-.

If it is too much of an increase, change it to 2%+ rather than 5%+

My pronouns are He / Him


they work on it
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bugs?field.tag=apport-bug

"I'm using Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty Tahr 64 bit and my laptop (Dell XPS L702x using Nvidia Optimus) can't boot starting with kernel 3.13 (I've tried all three updates: 3.13.0-1-generic, 3.13.0-2-generic and 3.13.0-3-generic). When booting, I get this error: "BUG: soft lockup - CPU#2 stuck for 22s! [systemd-udevd:546]"

Booting the old 3.12 (3.12.0-8-generic) kernel works.

Here's the relevant part from syslog:...."


Why does Ubuntu hang and delete itself after fresh install?

Having no internet until I could move my PC to my ethernet since it has no wifi capabilities, checking the "Download and install extra drivers" worked for sure.

An alternative was removing my GPU if I had no internet period and install the GPU drivers then install my GPU again

Thing was that GRUB wasn't even showing which I didn't understand why, but you could also if your motherboard has this option or you have an IGPU, go into your BIOS, BIOS ---> Peripherals ---> How the GPU runs or such similar option, and select On-Board Graphics or your IGPU


The arrow, page up and down keys cause screenshots

Check your Keyboard Shortcuts:

Go into System Settings
then, select Keyboard
Choose "Shortcuts," and check under "Screenshots"

Also, what version of Ubuntu are you in, and what browser are you running?  That may have something to do with it, and could prove useful in diagnosing the problem (maybe a browser-specific shortcut, or an add-on plugin running)


Create a user, let's call him myuser, grant myuser the same privileges as root and set a password for this account:

$ sudo useradd -ou 0 -g 0 myuser
$ sudo passwd myuser

If you have already had a user myuser and you want to grant him root privileges (make him a second root user):

$ grep myuser /etc/passwd
myuser:x:1001:1001::/home/myuser:/bin/bash

For this, it is required to edit the file /etc/passwd and just change UID and GID to 0.


Ubuntu 20.04 Intel HD 615: No Brightness control or no Boot / Stuck on Boot Screen

I found the solution myself!
in the file : /etc/default/grub
change this line:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

to
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=""

and then
sudo update-grub


My solution to disable the touchpad while tapping text is to add the following command in the startup utility, as a new entry, named as you wish:

syndaemon -k -i 2 -d &

Reboot and you should be able to type text with no more touchpad messing around with your palms.


Go to the Ubuntu Software Center, Click on Education on the left side, and browse a list of educational programs.  I have most of which installed ( specially the ones listed below)on my kids machine, and they love it.

Educational suite GCompris
Childsplay
Primary Bundle


How to Create Ubuntu Desktop html5 Web Apps

Use Ubuntu SDK

You can install it by typing in the terminal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-sdk-team/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-sdk

alternately, open USC and search for Ubuntu sdk and click install.

In SDK, you can select file->new-> HTML5 Touch UI

Reference


Problem installing Google Chrome in Ubuntu 16.04

The connection isn't the problem, try running sudo apt update then sudo apt dist-upgrade.


Firefox: open .pdf files with acrordrdc (installed by snap)

After some debugging in Ubuntu MATE 20.04 LTS I discovered that Firefox copies PDF file of interest to the /tmp folder.
The /tmp folder can't be accessed by this snapped application. Wrapper script does not help either. So it is impossible to integrate /snap/bin/acrordrdc with Firefox.
I'll recommend to remove snapped version of Adobe Acrobat with
snap remove acrordrdc

and install native pretty old deb-based version of Adobe Reader 9.5.5 by:
cd ~/Downloads
wget ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/reader/unix/9.x/9.5.5/enu/AdbeRdr9.5.5-1_i386linux_enu.deb
sudo apt-get install ./AdbeRdr9.5.5-1_i386linux_enu.deb
sudo apt-get install libxml2:i386 gtk2-engines-murrine:i386 gtk2-engines-pixbuf:i386 libcanberra-gtk-module:i386 libatk-bridge2.0-0:i386 libatk-adaptor:i386

and then choose it in the Firefox settings.


cpu usage is high under battery power ubuntu 18.04

Since I did full research on this, I think I can answer my question by my self. I was able to fix this issue, The problem was Ubuntu does not support Intel new power management options. This was a kernel bug which was fixed by ubnutu little days ago.

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/1789214

so try these steps,

sudo nano /etc/default/grub
replace the line  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" with
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash intel_idle.max_cstate=0"
save it (CTRL+O)
sudo update-grub
sudo reboot

*(it is important to use intel_idle.max_cstate=0)

I will reference a similar kind of question to read and understand the situation a little more, but it`s the answer is different from this,

Clevo N850EL crashes/freezes Ubuntu 18.04.1 frequently


14.04 PXE slow boot process (udev/upstart/systemd)

I had a similar problem. Bootchart showed hostname, plymouth and such taking a very long time to start.

Going with intuition thinking they (mostly 'hostname') might want to do something networky when a network connection is available, I made sure there was a working resolv.conf available on the root volume. This solved my problem.


Keyboard volume shortcuts in XUBUNTU don't work

After searching for the best way to do so, I found that I was over-complicating things :D

You can just set the Media button like here:

  Go to System Settings > Keyboard > Shortcuts
  Click on Sound and Media.
  Assign Appropriate Keys to shortcuts for Volume up, down and mute.

If it doesn't work for you, do reply! (And if it does.. :)


Booting multiple OSs from multiple disks with UEFI

There are really three issues:

Boot loader location -- Boot loaders may be located on the primary disk's ESP, on the secondary disk's ESP, or on non-ESP partitions on either disk. Officially, the EFI spec allows the firmware to launch a boot loader from any ESP, but in practice non-ESP locations also often work if the partition in question uses FAT or if you've got a suitable driver installed. rEFIt, rEFInd, and GRUB 2 can redirect the boot process to boot loaders stored on other than the main ESP, although they need drivers to read non-FAT (or non-HFS+ on Mac) partitions. Some boot loaders, such as gummiboot, are limited to supporting the partition from which they launched, which could necessitate putting all your boot loaders on one ESP.
OS installation location -- An ESP-resident boot loader must necessarily support launching an OS that's primarily resident on some other partition. In principle, there's no reason this partition can't reside on another physical disk entirely, and I don't know of any practical impediments to doing so. Thus, you can install a boot loader on the primary disk's ESP and have it boot your main OS from the secondary disk.
Kernel location -- Linux boot loaders such as GRUB Legacy and GRUB 2 can load Linux kernels from locations other than the ESP, and in principle this other location can be a physically separate disk. In theory, ELILO can do the same, but I've never managed to get this to work. A kernel configured as an EFI stub loader must either be stored on an ESP or be loaded by an EFI that's less fussy about this or by a boot manager like rEFInd that can redirect to another partition or another disk. Thus, your kernel might need to be stored on the primary disk's ESP in some configurations. (Ubuntu uses GRUB 2 by default, so a standard Ubuntu installation is pretty flexible in this respect.)

In the end, there are few major limitations, at least in principle. You might run into some issues with buggy firmware implementations or if you use certain boot loader combinations, but you should be able to overcome these issues by proper placement of your boot loader and kernel files.


Web Developer tools in Midori web browser

For the version currently included in the Ubuntu Repos (0.4.7)

I was unable to find the shortcut to open the Web-Dev tools, but going to the menu (the cog-like button on the right) and click inspect page. Then it will open a window, which is exactly like chrome/chromium's one (DOH, ITS WEBKIT-BASED!).

Hope this helps someone who is looking on the net for something similar to this.

For the newer version (0.5.7):

Ctrl+Shift+I - Which is the default in chrome(and I think in FF)

  NOTE: The versions mentioned above are up to date for the current
  date.


I would use the drivers that Canon supply; they come in a debian package so what Ubuntu uses; go here http://support-asia.canon-asia.com/contents/ASIA/EN/0100690202.html to download; select SAVE and it should end up in your Downloads folder as cnijfilter2-5.20-1-deb.tar.gz

then open a terminal; copy each command below; line by line; and paste each separate command into the terminal; and hit the ENTER key

cd Downloads
tar -zxvf cnijfilter2-5.20-1-deb.tar.gz
cd cnijfilter2-5.20-1-deb
sudo ./install.sh

the last command runs an install script; it should do the needed for you; how is the MP990 connected please? I sense the MG6800 series device is wireless: am I correct?


What is the purpose of '/' in awk command?

It is similar to grep and find command -

Say for example -  if you want to search for a word "hello" on a txt file "Firstprog.txt".

awk '/hello/' Firstprog.txt

This tells Awk to search through the file for lines of text that contain the string "hello", and print them out.


It's been a while since I did anything like that, but from memory XAMPP was a pain in the but to use on Linux and I ended up using Cherokee webserver instead:

http://cherokee-project.com/downloads.html

If you don't have any particular need to use XAMPP I'd recommend it. I found it powerful, but much more user friendly, and I was able to find videos on youtube to help me out with understanding the configuration concepts.


On Ubuntu 16.04 LTS you can use newer package version from the same PPA:

mkdir -p ~/Downloads/ultrastar-deluxe
cd ~/Downloads/ultrastar-deluxe
wget https://launchpad.net/~tobydox/+archive/ubuntu/ultrastardx/+files/libportmixer_2.0+svn20140510-3_amd64.deb
wget https://launchpad.net/~tobydox/+archive/ubuntu/ultrastardx/+files/ultrastar-deluxe_1.1.0+svn20151230-2_amd64.deb
wget https://launchpad.net/~tobydox/+archive/ubuntu/ultrastardx/+files/ultrastar-deluxe-data_1.1.0+svn20151230-2_all.deb
wget https://launchpad.net/~tobydox/+archive/ubuntu/ultrastardx/+files/ultrastar-deluxe-songs_20100506-3_all.deb

sudo apt-get install ./*.deb

On newer versions of Ubuntu can follow official README or packaging recipe from ArchLinux AUR:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install git automake make gcc fpc libsdl2-image-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libsqlite3-dev libfreetype6-dev portaudio19-dev libportmidi-dev liblua5.3-dev libopencv-videoio-dev

git clone https://github.com/UltraStar-Deluxe/USDX
cd USDX
./autogen.sh
./configure
make
sudo make install


Difference between running command as sudo and running command as root?

In this particular case, it's because echo is the command with superuser powers. The >> part has normal privileges. If you want to write with sudo powers, use

$ echo 'something' | sudo tee test

Hence, in your case, the former version is not exactly running as sudo in its entirety. That is what the difference is here. Nevertheless, there are some actual differences between sudo and logging in as root too, I think, involving environment variables.


/etc/group - group on last line not usable? Is it a bug?

$ sudo groupadd -g 65535 DUMMY
[sudo] password for hannu:
$ cat -net /etc/group  | tail -n 4
    67  vboxusers:x:127:hannu$
    68  nvidia-persistenced:x:128:$
    69  $
    70  DUMMY:x:65535:$

This is my makeshift solution, need to check if this works.


My harddisk partition isn't visible under Windows 7 after installing Ubuntu!

did you try running chkdisk from Windows yet? You would start it from windows, it takes you to reboot and check it's partitions( consistency) before the start/booting( Windows). It helped me in similar cases.

Also I'd look at the flags with gParted.

By the way funny your question be titled "partition disappeared" and your last sentence is it didn't( disappear).


It's 2016. You should have an internet connection.

If you don't have an internet connection, you can still use packages. Download the package here. This is Java 7. There is no official Java 8 package for Ubuntu 14.04, so you'd need the get it from a thirdparty website if you really want Java 8.

You need the one for i386 because you're running a 32 bit system. Make sure to also download all packages that package depends on and install them before you install the package you intend to install.

You can install a downloaded package via:

sudo dpkg -i fileYouDownloaded.deb


How do I create an encrypted filesystem inside a file?

Follow next steps to create an encrypted file with filesystem inside:

1. The faster way to create file of given size is:

fallocate -l 128M /path/to/file

2. Create LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup) partition within the file using dm-crypt tools:

cryptsetup -y luksFormat /path/to/file

You can check that file is encrypted container:

/path/to/file: LUKS encrypted file, ver 1 [aes, xts-plain64, sha1] UUID: 7e2af5a1-3fab-43ea-a073-3b9cc6073f00

3. Open encrypted container:

cryptsetup luksOpen /path/to/file data

data is device mapper volume name. You can choose other name.

This opens the LUKS device, and maps it to a name that we supply, in our case creating a file at /dev/mapper/data.

4. Create ext4 filesystem on this device:

mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/data

5. Then create mount point:

mkdir /path/to/mount

6. And mount device there:

mount /dev/mapper/data /path/to/mount

7. To unmount filesystem and close LUKS device:

umount /path/to/mount
cryptsetup luksClose data

Now you have encrypted LUKS container with ext4 filesystem inside.
When you want to use it simply repeat steps 3 and 6. When you are finished call step 7.

This article was very helpful to me.

Also one day your container will run out of space.
Suppose encrypted container file size is 128 MB and we want to increase its size to 512 MB.
To increase its capacity follow these steps:

1. Unmount and close LUKS device (see step 7 in above list).

2. Increase container file size:

 dd if=/dev/zero of=/path/to/file bs=384M count=1 oflag=append conv=notrunc

3. Open LUKS device.

cryptsetup luksOpen /path/to/file data

4. Resize LUKS device to match container file size.
From man page:

    If --size (in sectors) is not specified, the size of the underlying block device is used.

So you can just:

cryptsetup resize data

5. Then resize ext4 filesystem:

e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/data
resize2fs /dev/mapper/data

6. Now you can mount filesystem back:

mount /dev/mapper/data /path/to/mount


Trash can icon disappeared after Studio 19.10 upgrade from 19.04

To resolve the missing TRASH icon, install and launch GNOME Tweaks, and turn on the TRASH icon in section 3.


How could I access my server when ubuntu server connected to a VPN?

I used the Ubuntu GUI to created a VPN connection to a foreign server

This is the wrong way of doing it. A VPS should be managed through SSH and configured properly. Network Manager is not suitable for this because it does not allow for split tunneling. It's an all or nothing approach.

How to fix the VPN

  How could I access my server via FTP then?

Disable the VPN in Network Manager. Instead, set up a VPN by routing only traffic to the website and its subdomains. I do it on my VPS as well.

Pick up the OpenVPN configuration file provided by your provider and copy its contents to /etc/openvpn/openvpn.conf
Add this directive to the bottom of the file:

# No automatic routes
route-noexec

Save the file and issue sudo service openvpn restart

This will make sure that the VPN is picked up by Systemd and its service located at:

/lib/systemd/system/openvpn.service

Now you should see the tun0 interface with ifconfig. The VPN is active but no traffic is going through it for now. The last step is making sure you add routes to the domains you need.

Found the IP of the website with dig:

dig +short example.com

Add a route (there are also other approaches, but this one is simple for a few hosts):

ip route add [insert IP here] dev ppp0

Repeat these steps for the www. subdomain and other domains you may need to route through the VPN

The routes should be updated once in a while, because the website might change IP address. You can write a Bash script and run it periodically using cron to avoid doing it manually.

Alternative approach

If you are trying to access a geo-restricted video website, e.g. Hulu, you might consider using a SmartDNS service. That will take care of split tunneling for you. You will just need to update the DNS settings on the server.

However, this only works if the SmartDNS provider of your choice supports that particular website.

Connect to the server

You can now connect to your server using its IP address.


Showing login XRDP screen once, when trying login user its disappearing again its showing RDP setup screen

If pgrep xrdp shows no xrdp actually running, locate xrdp.pid will find the file (or read the documentation) that you should delete.

progname.pid files are traditionally used as lock files. That is, a program that wants to prevent 2 copies running at the same time will write it's PID into a progname.pid file, and plan to remove it when exiting. If a normal exit is precluded (User types ^C, system crashes, etc) the .pid file can be left hanging around.

Once you locate xrdp.pid, it's content should be the PID of the program that created it. ps -fp followed by the PID will show you the current status. E.g. ps -fp $(cat xrdp.pid). If ps shows nothing, the process that created the file no longer exists, and xrdp.pid can be deleted without worry.


To monitor Dhcp leases just type in terminal :

gedit /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases


You might try changing the original juju folder name that was installed

If installed by conjure-up:

Change directories

cd ~/.local/share

View contents of directory

ls

Change (move) folder name (juju) to different folder name (old).  This will keep it from being read and allow you to change (move) it back if needed.

mv juju old


It's may be problem with your video card. Try booting in Recovery mode.


How to make the terminal export a specific environment variable at every load?

Put export PS1="┌─[\u@\h:]\n└─> " at the end of your ~/.bashrc file.

This should get run automatically with each terminal session, assuming your terminal uses bash and not zsh or something else


No sound ARM Samsung Chromebook Ubuntu 12.04 using Crouton

I fixed this same problem by doing a chrome os recovery and re-downloading crouton. BUT install crouton using the following

sudo sh -e ~/Downloads/crouton -t xfce -r raring -e

instead of the command

sudo sh -e ~/Downloads/crouton -t xfce -r raring

It should ask you for a pass-phrase and a password. Just use your password for all of that. When you start crouton using sudo startxfce4 enter in your password and then it will not happen again. Make sure you backup all of your data you want to keep before doing this process though.


Why can't I see text on the nopad in dark mode?

Change the highlight line option in Gedit settings


Why firefox page scrolling is slow on Ubuntu 14.04?

You might need to install your video cards drivers.  By default ubuntu usually installs the open source version which sometimes don't work as well.

You can find out if this is the case by type "Additional Drivers" into the launcher -> search scopes.

It should look something like this. Make sure you pick the Nvidia Legacy I believe is the correct version for your Video Card.

You can also try and enable smooth scrolling in Firefox if it isn't activated.


How to make all filetypes open in a certain program?

One method could be to go to System settings > Details > Default applications:

Another method can be to right click on the file that you want to associate with a program and select Open with (> Other application...) or select Properties > Open with  tab (I think this is the best option) and the rest is pretty self-explanatory. If you, for example, set one MP3 to be opened by the program VLC, then all MP3s would be opened by VLC when double-clicked.

And finally (but not the last one), and, in fact, this I think is what you are looking, another method could be to use assoGiate program - a file types editor. To install it from Terminal, use next command:

sudo apt-get install assogiate


If you have not upgraded your system with sudo apt-get upgrade, do so. Then, I suggest that you try to install your files. Also, if sudo apt-get upgrade does not work, use sudo dpkg --configure -a and try again. Make sure to do the upgrade command after you configure dpkg. Then you should be able to install the files. If none of these work, try some of the things on this website: iasptk.com/ubuntu-fix-broken-package-best-solution

It has possible solutions.


help! W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/i915/kbl_guc_ver9

I suggest that you update linux-firmware to version 1.173. Please open a terminal and do:

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/linux-firmware_1.173_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i linux-firmware*.deb

Reboot and check if the error is resolved:

dmesg | grep -i firm


Remove PPAs: "add-apt-repository --remove" vs. "rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/???.list"

Both commands remove the PPA, but there is one basic difference:

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:???/???

This command will only delete content of .list file. It will not remove the file itself.

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/????.list

Once you run this command, it will completely remove the PPA file.

However, in my opinion, it's better to use :

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/????.list*

I generally use the last command with the trailing asterisk (*), because whenever we add any repository it will create two files under /etc/apt/sources.list.d/. First one is the .list file and second one is a backup of that, having the extension .list.save.

same case with command  sudo apt-key del ???? and sudo rm /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/file.gpg. whenever we add keys two file created under  /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/  file.gpg and file.gpg~ when you run command

sudo apt-key del ????

one file file.gpg will be deleted and second one will remain file.gpg~ as it is .
However, in my opinion, it's better to use :

sudo rm /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/file.gpg*


Can i install Ubuntu on a the toshiba c55ta Touch screen?

I've heard about Unity 8 coming in a future release, with full touch support. However, this is almost certainly a year away. I've got a Unity 8 phone simulation on my laptop and is is really really alpha. But, for some more ideas: This and this might help you. Other than that, not really sure. Sorry!


Ubuntu Server 18.04 Installation not loading

Found the issue.

The Installer/USB drive has to be booted in UEFI mode...

best regads,

Julian


Why don't git colours appear when using watch?

git uses a configuration value to determine whether to show coloured output or not.

For example:

git config --global color.ui auto

This sets the colour setting to auto globally. In auto mode, git will determine whether it's a real terminal before sending colour codes, as Oli suggested.

You can force this global value to always, however a better idea may be to apply it to a particular command:

git -c color.status=always status -sb

Putting it all together:

watch --color git -c color.status=always status -sb


accessing files outside of /home in snap apps

what is the intended method for using snap apps to work with files stored outside of /home?

The snap should be designed to do that under confinement by making use of the removable-media interface. Connecting such an interface will grant confined access to drives mounted in /media as well as /mnt.

To see if the snap in question supports this, run snap connections <snap name>. For example, for Nextcloud:

$ snap connections nextcloud
Interface        Plug                       Slot           Notes
network          nextcloud:network          :network       -
network-bind     nextcloud:network-bind     :network-bind  -
removable-media  nextcloud:removable-media  -              -

Since nextcloud:removable-media has no associated slot, that means the interface is not connect, thus Nextcloud cannot access removable media. To connect it, we can run sudo snap connect nextcloud:removable-media. Then the connections look like the following:

$ snap connections nextcloud
Interface        Plug                       Slot              Notes
network          nextcloud:network          :network          -
network-bind     nextcloud:network-bind     :network-bind     -
removable-media  nextcloud:removable-media  :removable-media  manual

Now that the plug is connected to a slot, Nextcloud now has confined access to removable media in /media/ and /mnt. Other applications will work the same way if the developer built such functionality in. If they didn't, log a bug! You can find where to log a bug with snap info <snap name>, for example:

$ snap info nextcloud
<snip>
contact:   https://github.com/nextcloud/nextcloud-snap
<snip>


You likely orphaned the Xauthority file, which will prevent the graphical desktop from starting and create a login loop.

It's safe to delete the file and it will be automatically recreated when you restart.

From a tty, log in to the old account and delete the Xauthority file.

rm .Xauthority

The Xauthority file stores user authentication for the running x-session. The x-session is what allows the gui, desktop manager, etc run.

When you started an new x-session on tty8, you killed the old one, which left the authority file behind (orphaned) since the x-session did not have a chance to clean up.

Subsequent logins try to start the x-session, sees that the newly generated authorization information does not match what is stored in the orphaned file and terminates, kicking you back to the login screen.

Next time, switch users while on he regular graphical desktop (on tty7).


Is there any way to make a windows version of my python/gtk3 apps?

GTK3 is the hard bit... I'll get to that in a second...

Wrapping up a Python project for Windows is actually quite easy if you use something like py2exe or pyinstaller. There are also commercial options out there but it's been such a long time I can't remember their names.

Either way, you end up an entire Python environment with everything you need baked in. The user just runs it.

Now back to the toolkit. GTK3 can be installed on Windows but it's not a thriving or mature cross-platform toolkit.  There are some questions about this on StackOverflow but I don't know what bindings they provide. They're probably not suitable for Python but I hope I'm wrong. In short - you probably don't want to be using GTK3 for a cross-platform application.

Past that, you're left looking for an alternative. Three popular options:

TkInter: http://wiki.python.org/moin/TkInter
PyQT: http://www.riverbankcomputing.co.uk/software/pyqt/download
wxWidgets for Python: http://www.wxpython.org


Installing Chrome for an application using Selenium on a remote server Ubuntu 16

I'm trying to make a setup for Behavior Driven Development in Wordpress/PHP through the AWS cloud using Ubnutu16. Basically the same thing you're doing except I'm using PHP. I USED to be able to do this with older versions of Selenium2 and Mink, but with the new versions I'm having no joy. These directions are currently incomplete but will get you as far as having a working GUI that you can access. This setup uses TightVNC to have a GUI on the remote Amazon instance, even though the instance is in the cloud:

Behavior Driven Development for WordPress with AWS and Codeception

My current problem is that I can get Selenium up and running, but I can't get the PHP bindings to drive the browsers. Mink or Facebook aren't working. I think it has something to do with the security settings. I'll edit this when I know more. You can probably get the Python bindings to work with this setup. Good luck!


Can I clone the VPN settings on network manager to create new settings on the same user/machine?

I see that you are using city codes to differentiate your gateways.  Here is one way you can use from the command-line to quickly achieve your goal.  I will assume that /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/vpn-file is where your current configuration lives.

export VPNFILE=/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/vpn-file
for city in LON TYO BOS HNL; do
  sudo cp -iv $VPNFILE $VPNFILE-$city
  sudo nano $VPNFILE-$city # make the changes you want and save the file
done
sudo service network-manager restart

That should do it.  Make sure you slightly change the uuid in each file.  Let me know if something is unclear or if you run into problems.

If you are not familiar with nano you can replace nano with gedit or any other editor you like.  Saving in nano is by default via Ctrl+O and you close the file via Ctrl+X.


Wrong keyboard layout on client PC when using synergy

In my case synergy seams simply to ignore actual keyboard layout but it helps if I set it after starting synergyc.

synergyc myhost
setxkbmap us -option grp:alt_shift_toggle

You will find correct values for setxkbmap arguments in file /etc/default/keyboard. Instead of us place value of XKBLAYOUT and pass value of XKBOPTIONS to -options.

You can use this simple script to do this automatically:

#!/bin/sh

. /etc/default/keyboard
synergyc $1
setxkbmap $XKBLAYOUT -option "$XKBOPTIONS" -model "$XKBMODEL" \
                     -variant "$XKBVARIANT"

Save it as mysynergyc, set correct permissions (chmod 755 mysynergyc) and then run as usual instead of synergyc.


It seems that it's already installed but failed during the process.
Try removing all previous installations by typing

apt purge mysql-server

and if necessary

apt purge mysql-server-5.7

and then retry the installation by typing

apt install mysql-server

(which is a meta package btw, it will install the latest MySQL Server version)


Should I simply partition a drive and install Ubuntu straight from my USB?

20 GB is enough to install but will not be enough to do much with it. If you add very many programs or store much data to you home directory it will fill up very fast.  Really think you need more drive space.


Run nmcli con list to find out the UUID of your 3G connection and then run sudoedit /usr/local/bin/inettest and copy in the following:

#!/bin/bash

ping -I eth0 -q -c 2 8.8.4.4 > /dev/null 2>&1

if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    nmcli con down uuid 03e5a69a-2682-47df-a443-59cec06802aa
else
    nmcli con up uuid 03e5a69a-2682-47df-a443-59cec06802aa
fi

Replace the UUID above with yours (obviously) and save it. Run chmod +x /usr/local/bin/inettest to make it executable.

Test this now.

Run inettest with a working eth0 connection.
Then break eth0 and run it again.
And fix it and run it again.

The 3G connection should come up and go back down. If it doesn't there's something squiffy afoot with the script. But assuming that all runs well, we can schedule it to run every 5 minutes by running crontab -e and adding the following on a new line:

*/5 * * * *    /usr/local/bin/inettest

You might want a tighter resolution. Cron can only schedule down to the minute but you can stack multiple calls with sleeps. This example will run twice a minute:

* * * * *    /usr/local/bin/inettest & sleep 30; /usr/local/bin/inettest

I don't think you'd want to go much tighter than that.


Kickstarter Crowd Source Funding and PiTiVI

http://www.pitivi.org/manual/codecscontainers.html illustrates what they did not quite explain well at KickStarter: Please record using the H.264 codec and save the result within a .MOV container, said container will "contain" the various components of a video: the stream of images, the sound, and anything else.


This is apparently a bug in this script. Can you please report it so that we'll remember to investigate it?


can not shutdown or restart or even hibernate again after hibernate (ubuntu 18.04 LTS)

You can use sudo reboot to reboot and see if that fixes it. sudo shutdown -h now will shut it down for you.


Adobe Acrobat Reader version 10/11 & Ubuntu 14.04

maybe you can try to install the Adobe Reader with Wine.

the last native version was adobe reader 9, newer versions are only available for Windows and MacOS.


Fail to enter suspend mode after upgrade

A recent Ubuntu base update (11-Oct-2019) has solved this issue. Thanks.


Try this.  To disable autologin, just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command below.

sudo leafpad /etc/lxdm/default.conf

In the fist few line, you will see something like autologin=username change it to the original state of
# autologin=dgod.  Save the file, and then reboot your machine.

Also try to go to System Settings --> Users and Groups, click on change next to Password

Make sure that the box is unchecked next to Don't ask for password on login

Try to edit sudo leafpad /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf with these contents:

Remove or comment out the following lines

autologin-user=username
autologin-user-timeout=0

For 14.04 everything works.  The /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf doesn't exist in 14.04, but the other ways work.  See image below:


You clearly cannot clone a larger partition to a smaller partition (using dd and the like) since there is simply not enough space.

However, if the files that are on the larger partition would also fit on the smaller partition, you could use rsync to copy those files. The exact options to use depend on your particular use case, but to simply copy all the files the following should do:

rsync -av /mount/point/of/large/partition/ /mount/point/of/small/partition

Edit:
Once again: You cannot clone a larger partition onto a smaller partition. (But do read on, your problem can be solved yet.)

The reason is simple: your source partition is bigger than your target partition. What do you expect? Should some blocks just be dropped? Which ones? And how should dd know? Of course, you could use dd's bs= and count= options to only copy the first so-and-so-many blocks of your source partition such that it fits onto your target partition, but you will end up with a broken partition. That is certainly not what you want.

So, since you cannot clone a larger partition onto a smaller partition, the only thing you could do is to first reduce the size of your source partition to a size smaller or equal to that of your target partition with something like gparted which is aware of the filesystem specifics, such that you do not lose data. And only then could you use dd to clone the partition. Ideally, the new size of your source partition should be equal to the size of your target partition (and not just smaller or equal), or else you will end up with some unallocated space on your target partition after the cloning.

Please also note that you should not simply copy an MBR of a larger drive onto the MBR of a smaller drive (or vice versa, for that matter). The MBR, which has a size of 512 bytes and is the first section of your hard drive, contains information on the layout of the harddrive:

446 bytes - Bootstrap.
64 bytes - Partition table.
2 bytes - Signature.

(Note that 446+64+2=512.)

If you insist on cloning the MBR, then only clone the first 446 bytes like so:

dd if=/dev/source of=/tmp/mbr.bak bs=512 count=1
dd if=/tmp/mbr.bak of=/dev/target bs=446 count=1

...replacing /dev/source and /dev/target with the device names of the source and target harddrives, e.g., /dev/sda and /dev/sdb, respectively. (More information is available here.)

However, the proper way to do it would be to do a clean Grub reinstall (or whatever you have on your MBR) on the new harddrive.

Summing up, if you want to clone a larger drive onto a smaller drive, proceed as follows:

Lay out a partition table on the target drive with as many partitions as on the source drive. There should be a one-to-one correspondence between the partitions on your source drive and the partitions on your target drive, except that (some of) the partitions on the target drive can be smaller than their corresponding partitions on the source drive. Use a tool such as fdisk or cfdisk for that.
For each partition on the target drive which is smaller than its corresponding partition on the source drive, reduce the size of this corresponding partition on the source drive to match the size of the partition on the target drive. Use a tool such as gparted for that.
For each partition on the source drive, issue the command

dd if=/dev/sdaX of=/dev/sdbY

... to clone the partition /dev/sdaX from the source drive to the corresponding partition /dev/sdbY on the target drive (replace the device names appropriately, of course.)
If you insist on also cloning the MBR, use the two dd commands written further above in this post (those with the /tmp/mbr.bak stuff). However, keep in mind that a clean Grub re-install would be better.


How can I access files downloaded from firefox on ubuntu touch in convergence mode

I'm writing from my M10 and I found the downloaded files under this folder in the main user's home

.local/share/libertine-container/user-data/puritine/Downloads/


as I guess eXist uses other folders beside the one that is its installation path: /usr/share/exist-db/.

A jar file should contain its installation to the installation path. Proof is in the method of installation: it should be done =without= the need for sudo. Any alterations that need to be done outside of it should be manual. So deleting it using rm is a valid/correct method.

From the installer:

  Create a directory in $EXIST_HOME and copy the .xar files of all application
  packages you want to have installed there.

That would suggest it is only installed in $HOME.

Another method would be to redownload the software, and use the new downloaded uninstaller (as your current one seems corrupted)


It's possible to loose your IMEI on Android phones and Ubuntu phones are not much different (1, 2), but how did you come up with the idea that changing your IMEI or MAC will result in any kind of increased privacy?

Changing your IMEI to that of another user or an invalid one may actually make your phone look more suspicious and may even lower your privacy, get you blacklisted by the operator or subject to investigation by law enforcement. You are underrating what ever entity you are trying to hide from or are concerned about (1, 2). Modifying some technical thing that you probably don't really understand what it's for and how it's actually being used doesn't change the fact that you are trying to use a product intended to be most useful to you if it knows as much about you as possible.

You should also have realized that your phone connects to a network that someone else operates and that you have no control over. You are just a participant. Even though the device is running Ubuntu it also runs closed source software called the baseband or radio image on Android (1, 2) which is responsible for communicating to the network. There is no way in this model to establish trust from the user perspective and therefore no reasonable expectation of privacy for a user when connecting to and communicating in mobile networks. Changing the IMEI won't change anything.

Using strong encryption while it is legal or available (1, 2, 3) may make it more difficult for a certain period of time but not impossible of being eavesdropped (1, 2).

If you didn't get the news: There are several agencies from a wide variety of countries working together analyzing every user of every network with all the solutions they currently have at their disposal or they just store the data for later. If spying on citizens is illegal in your country, no problem another countries' agency is stupid willing enough to help out and bypass laws. That's what you should have learned by following the news in the last few years, but there is still more to come.

Disclosure:

I'm not a Ubuntu phone developer or maintainer
I'm not a Ubuntu customer representative
I'm not a security researcher nor do I work for a mobile carrier or other network operator


Azure Ubuntu cli sudo waagent -deprovision gives error

This missing lib installed only for python3. So to use deprovision script use python3.

python3 /usr/sbin/waagent -deprovision


What is the best way to dual boot Windows and Ubuntu on different drives?

As long as you select the correct drives and partitions when installing Ubuntu and Windows, you should be fine.

Bootloaders are installed on drives, and are separate from your computer.

Since the operating systems are on separate drives, they should already be separated from each other by default.


graphic problem after updating Ubuntu 13.04

I got this exact same problem when I had been tinkering with the CompizConfig Settings Manager. I got the computer looking prity, then I changed the screen resolution of my NVIDIA graphics drivers...

Solution

I unticked the Motion blur settings in the CompizConfig Settings Manager. Everything settled down.


It is unusual that /usr/local isn't owned by root.
But you can change the owner as you want.

But I advise to ensure that /usr/local/sbin is still owned by root to avoid a security problem. The commands here are usually invoked only by root.


Upgrade from 14.04 to 18.04 via 16.04 - running into issues

If you have an internet connection available, it's probably easier to let Ubuntu handle the updating.

Run update-manager, it should prompt you to update to 16.04. If not, check your update settings:

On the Update manager, click on Settings...
Select the Updates tab
Open the Notify me of a new Ubuntu version dropdown and select For long-term support versions
Click Close and run update-manager again.

Then, follow the prompts to update to 16.04. Once you're on 16.04, you can repeat the process with one minor alteration: Since LTS-to-LTS updates are only recommended once the first point release (18.04.1, in this case) has been released, you will have to use update-manager -d to start the update process.


I strongly recommend against.

1) The access speed is significantly slower, as a disk speed test will show you.

2) It's much more likely to fail, both by accident and by its design. I've popped SD cards out of my Thinkpad by accident multiple times. Also, the IC in the SD card is much more likely to fail, for its design is nowhere near as durable, both physically, and electronically.


Is upgrading Ubuntu release with software updater the same thing as do-release-upgrade?

My Kubuntu gui updater shows me the command, which is executed. It was do-release-upgrade -m desktop with another argument for "show Kubuntu GUI updater"


Print pdf like a book - 2 pages per sheet double sided

1. Open the PDF file in LibreOffice Draw

Each page will show up as a slide. Use Page Down and Page Up keys to navigate between pages. If the book looks OK to print, then proceed to the next step.

2. Use the File> Print> Page Layout Tab > Brochure button.

3. Then go to the General Tab > Properties Button

4. Paper Tab > Set the Duplex to Short Edge and then press OK

5. Press OK at the bottom of the Print window to print the book.

Hope this helps


Autonomous Clicker Murguu Not Working On Lubuntu as of 16.04

After tons of research I determined that my shared libs where out of date or something to that effect. After running the following:

  sudo apt-get install libqtgui4

It installed the needed pieces that were preventing the software from running. It works perfectly now. I hope this may help any one who views this in the future. Thanks.


Lubuntu 16.04 - indicator applet area of the LXPanel won't work

I could solve the problem with the full removal and reinstallation of the lxpanel-indicator-applet-plugin package.


I cant install Ubuntu alongside Windows 8.1

Go to disk management in windows and check for that extra storage place and if not of use then format it. After that you can proceed to installation.

If the problem persists please provide better insight to problem by errors prompted snaps, snapshot of the disk management from windows and fdisk command from live CD ubuntu.


SMPlayer always opens a separate window to play the video

I came across this as well. The solution for me was:
install mplayer with

sudo apt-get install mplayer

and change it to the default in smplayer with

  Preferences -> Genereal -> MPlayer/mpv executable

Usually this should be in /usr/bin/mplayer.


Dropbox behind a proxy under ubuntu 14.04 server

You have to provide proxy authentication to install Dropbox. Here is a command using which you can do this:

sudo http_proxy="http://username:password@your_proxy:proxy_port" dropbox start -i
or

sudo https_proxy="http://username:password@your_proxy:proxy_port" dropbox start -i

You have to run the deamon as root, and thus, you have to configure the proxy as root. Setting the http_proxy root env variable on invocation should be enough.


Anything a logged-in user can do using the settings panel, s/he can do by editing files on the file system.

In a class situation, with many students logging in through one account, the better way is to reset the home directory of the student account after every logout.

Set up a template home directory and overwrite /home/student at the appropriate moment. Students will be free to change whatever setting they want for the duration of their session, but the next user will have an entirely standard environment again.

Oh and pick a seriously long password for the administrator user. ;-)


From what I understand, you can't boot into the live CD, right?

In your bios, try to disable UEFI boot, and set it to Legacy mode. Disable safe booting, too. Also, make sure that USB is at the top of the boot list, I always forget that :)

If you mean that the update starts, but fails, you would need to provide provide more information on your problem, your question is a little unclear :(


Is there a way of logging when wifi power management settings are changed?

Change in /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf
wifi.powersave = 2 this should disable it with Network-Manger.source git hub

Without Network-Manger you can create an udev rule. KERNEL=="wlan*", ACTION=="add", RUN+="/sbin/iwconfig wlan0 power off"

For wlan* set the name of your interface.


First of all, if you want to enable firewall, do:

sudo ufw enable

You can check status of firewall by:

sudo ufw status

Then check whether apache2 is running:

sudo systemctl status apache2

If it shows active then it is running, otherwise do:

sudo systemctl start apache2

If there is Permission error then do:

sudo chmod 777 -R /var/www

You can change permission afterwards based on your conditions...

If there were not errors and your Web IP address is working, then everything is fine.


Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

i suggest steps to reset root password by running the server with option --skip-grant-tables this option allow you to log in in mysql without password running this with sudo:

# sudo service mysql stop

# sudo mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &

# sudo mysql -u root

mysql> use mysql;

mysql> update user set authentication_string=PASSWORD("YOUR-NEW-ROOT-PASSWORD") where User='root';

mysql> flush privileges;

mysql> quit

# sudo service mysql stop

# sudo service mysql start

# sudo mysql -u root -p

Now you can login to sql with your new password

check may be it's possible to find a query file about root password in path /home/$USER/.mysql_history or /root/.mysql_history

Note: prior to MySQL 5.7 the column was called password instead of authentication_string. Replace the line above with

mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD("YOUR-NEW-ROOT-PASSWORD") where User='root';

Goodluck


VLC seems to ignore the "cursor size" setting in Universal Access

I had the same problem. Read somewhere that this was an issue with all snap apps. So i installed VLC from Flathub and it is working fine now.


Ubuntu Touchpad / USB Mouse Click Event Not Working

Here is the solution how i solved it,

http://sourcedigit.com/21687-ubuntu-usb-mouse-not-working-ubuntu-touchpad-not-working/


To list all display adapters you should use the below command:

lspci -nn | grep '\[03[02]0\]'

This searches for the "VGA compatible controller", but also "3D controller" (which is how some Nvidia cards are exposed). Example output for my hybrid graphics laptop (i5-460m and GT 425M):

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:0046] (rev 02)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GF108 [GeForce GT 425M] [10de:0df0] (rev a1)

If your machine has an integrated Intel video card, but it does not show up, consider looking in the BIOS settings. Vendors like Lenovo provide you an option to select between an Intel-only, Nvidia-only or hybrid Intel/Nvidia setup. Selecting the Intel-only or Nvidia-only modes will effectively hide the adapters from the lspci output.


CurlFTPFS Not allowing users to change files

Figured it out changing permissions and umask. umask should be 002 according to this nice tutorial here:

http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/understanding-linux-unix-umask-value-usage.html

Then I have to also specify what group ID I desire when mounting. I also found out that during boot this sometimes doesn't work because of the network, so I had to add _netdev to allow it to mount after the network.

All works now. So the final line for the fstab file is:

curlftpfs#ftp://user:pass@IP /media/FTP fuse rw,uid=1000,gid=1000,umask=002,user,suid,allow_other,exec,auto,utf8,_netdev  0   0

Of course replacing uid and gid with your user ID and group ID for your user. After this little change though it works perfectly using sudo mount -a or at boot.

umask was the big thing, unless both user and group had write permissions it wasn't working for me. So 0022 doesn't work for umask since that makes user writeable but not group. For some reason without group it just wouldn't work.


Why isn't there just a plain Youtube scope in video lens

Try the alternative youtube lens found in this article:

Alternative youtube lens

I am using it & it is great.


AH00015: Unable to open logs Action 'start' failed. in ubuntu 14.04

Run

sudo netstat -tulpn | grep :80

and you will get output something like

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80         0.0.0.0:*      LISTEN     1066/lighttpd

note the pid of the process listening to the port, in my case it was 1066. Then run

sudo kill -9 1066

Remember to change the pid to the one that is listening to the port, It might not be the same as 1066


You mention Win97, I'm not sure which version of Windows you meant, I'm guessing Win7 and not Win98.
In Windows for the L2TP settings, try changing from "Optional encryption (connect even if no encryption)" to "Require encryption (disconnect if the server declines)".
On the Ubuntu 18.04 server in the firewall settings, disable direct L2TP connections so clients are forced to use IPsec to connect first.


The must simple is to use disk utility , to format your 4 GB USB in Fat 32 ( if you use windows and / Or Linux OS )  .
Then, use Unetbootin on your OS and add bootable flash drive  when you load yours files .
Wait the end , and you can use your bootable disk / USB drive everywhere.


Errormessage while playing .wma in clementine: "Could not demultiplex stream."

According to the bug report at https://github.com/clementine-player/clementine/issues/3593 a workaround is to uncheck Save statistics in file tags when possible.

A fix was committed in July 2014 so upgrading to a newer version may help as well.  If not, maybe download the latest bleeding-edge sources and build them (but be aware that they may contain new and interesting bugs).


How to update timestamp when moving files

While pLumo's solution is technically OK, it may be a bit confusing. You can achieve the same goal with two separate commands, first touching the files to update the access time, followed by the move command:

touch *.*
mv *.* /destination/

The reason to do it in this particular order is to not update the access times of files that may already be located in the /destination/ folder.

It may be worth noting that the wildcard pattern *.* does not match hidden files, which are marked by a leading dot on Unix systems (use ls .* to list them). It's up to you to decide if that's what you want to achieve or not.


How can I install gcc 3.3, g++ 3.3, cpp 3.3?

From the link above, make note of the Ubuntu tips towards the bottom of the screen.  You will need to modify the lib/Makefile.config file as noted to reflect the versions you have installed and recompile it.  You can also resort to downloading the compiled package, dyna-0.3.9-1_i386.deb, and running the file to install which would not require you to compile from source.


How can i remove old content from syslog in System Log Viewer?

The packages logrotate and rsyslog together will set up your system for automatic archiving and aging the syslog files.

There are plenty of options to the logrotate(8) command that will help you truncate the current mess and then the rest should happen automatically.


How to edit a .odt file from the terminal?

The closest thing to what you're looking for is wordgrinder, a terminal-based word processor.
You can install it executing:
sudo apt install wordgrinder

Here is the official website of the project: https://cowlark.com/wordgrinder/
This is the Github repo:
https://github.com/davidgiven/wordgrinder
And a quick Survival Guide: https://gist.github.com/davidgiven/1aba97e96a9b8f9b573b
If you check the Importing and Exporting sections you will find:
Importing

Imports basic content from ODT files. OpenDocument is complicated and
hard to parse but WordGrinder will do its best to apply appropriate
styles. Unsupported features are ignored.

Exporting

This produces an ODT file which can be read by LibreOffice and a
variety of other major word processors. Character and paragraph styles
are exported and are mapped to OpenDocument styles called P, H1, H2
etc.


MakeMKV libbdplus - How to play 2013 / 2014 BD+ Discs?

It's not that old. Mike uses his forum as a place to document features like that.

I have been using MakeMKV for a couple of years to great effect. I haven't tried direct playing (and I can't find a Bluray disk to test right now) but I can't see why it wouldn't work.


Highlight multiple cells according to list in Libreoffice Calc

One of the functions allowing to combine tables and lists in LibreOffice is Vlookup - vertical lookup. What it does is to take a value, like the number 6 in your list, search in the first column of the table and return one of the values from the corresponding rows in the table.

Thus Vlookup definition includes:
- the text or value to search for (single value)
- the range of cells (table) where to search that value - the function only looks into the first column of that range
- the number of the column desired as a result
- a logical value that defines if the original table is sorted (best left to 0)

The range of cells containing the table should be defined through absolute references (using the "$" sign in front of the cell references). As an example, I have used the same formula on columns F, G and H, but changed the recovered column number:

R gives a lot more flexibility and speed for the same operations but on short lists and with the data at hand Vlookup is pretty powerful. In R, merge.data.frame is one of the functions that can be used for combining tables (data frames) by using a given column. If the table is in a data frame called tb and the list is another data frame called ids, merging the two would be done by:

>merged <- merge.data.frame(ids, tb, by.x="id", by.y="Id", sort=F)
> merged
id Name Age Affiliate
1  2    Y  33        DD
2  3    G  46        SS
3  5    W  80        CE

The names of the columns used to merge the tables are "id" and "Id".


Use the -x option of du to exclude other file systems:

sudo du -d 1 -h -x | sort -hr


Unfortunately I can't tell you how to fix the issue, but I can explain how to submit a bug report to get help from skilled people. Because the problem is probably due to a combination of several factors, they need precise data from you.

There is a very detailed procedure for bug reports that you need to follow to provide the necessary data:

you will need a stacktrace to describe what Firefox was doing before the freeze. For this you will use the command line tool gdb.
you will also provide information about your system's configuration (Ubuntu and Firefox version, hardware, etc.). For that you will submit the report with apport.

How to do it?

Install gdb:

sudo apt-get install gdb

Install some symbols for gdb, which will be used to format the data:

sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-0-dbg libglib2.0-0-dbg  libx11-6-dbg libpango1.0-0-dbg libc6-dbg

Close Firefox and run the following in a terminal:

firefox -g 2>&1 | tee ~/gdb.txt
(gdb) handle SIG33 pass nostop noprint
(gdb) set pagination 0
(gdb) run

Firefox will start and you can reproduce the freeze. Once Firefox has frozen, type the following commands:

(gdb) bt full
(gdb) thread apply all backtrace full
(gdb) info registers
(gdb) quit

A file named gdb.txt in your home folder now contains all the data.
Now report the bug using apport. Press ALT+F2 and run:

ubuntu-bug firefox

A new window or tab will open on launchpad.net, just follow the instructions to submit the bug. Don't forget to upload the gdb.txt file.


You wrote your init wrong. It should be double underscores like __init__


Replace the url in the following code blocks with the desired url.

#!/bin/bash

chromium-browser "https://askubuntu.com/questions/967003/writing-a-script-for-facebook" & disown

Or an example for xfce desktop launcher ~/.config/autostart/Facebook.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Version=0.9.4
Type=Application
Name=Facebook
Comment=
Exec=chromium-browser "https://askubuntu.com/questions/967003/writing-a-script-for-facebook"
OnlyShowIn=XFCE;
StartupNotify=false
Terminal=false
Hidden=false


If you have no unallocated space and/or do not have another primary partition to use as the extended partition the only options are to totally replace whatever you have or manually change partitions around.

You need to shrink the XP partition. Best to do that with gparted on live installer and then boot XP so it can run chkdsk and make its repairs. Then you will have unallocated and if you have not used all 4 primary partitions you can do the auto install or manually create partitions.

You can also create partitions while in gparted, but still have to use manual install to chose which is / (root) what format (ext4) and then if you want /home and its format. If swap exists it will auto find that. And if you have swap already, the install may be a bit quicker as it will use swap as part of the install.

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WindowsDualBoot

Install with separate /home

http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/installseparatehome


Install Huion h580 tablet driver from source code

DIGImend released a new driver at https://github.com/DIGImend/digimend-kernel-drivers . You can also use modprobe hid-huion to force it to load, that may help you. Your commenter is correct about examining dmesg output for more information.


Why am I unable to connect to my ssh server from android?

Don’t forget to set up forwarding your server's port so it is available to requests from outside your LAN.


Highlighting with grep doesn't work in Xterm

Open terminal ( Ctrl + Alt + T ) and type

export GREP_OPTIONS='--color=auto'. This will highlight the matched pattern of grep

To set it to Red color use: export GREP_COLOR='1;31'

For more color options check out this page


Only root can mount /dev/sdb1 on /media/sdb1 - contribute to external usb drive

You need to add the user option to your fstab

/dev/sdc1    /media/sdc1     vfat  uid=1000,noauto,user           0  0
/dev/sdd1    /media/sdd1     vfat  uid=1000,noauto,user           0  0
/dev/sdb1    /media/sdb1     vfat  uid=1000,noauto,user           0  0

The user option allows any user to mount a device, as said in the man:

  Normally,  only  the  superuser can mount filesystems. However, when fstab contains the user option on a line, anybody can mount the corresponding system.

Or if you want any user to mount/unmount the drives use users instead:

/dev/sdc1    /media/sdc1     vfat  uid=1000,noauto,users           0  0
/dev/sdd1    /media/sdd1     vfat  uid=1000,noauto,users           0  0
/dev/sdb1    /media/sdb1     vfat  uid=1000,noauto,users           0  0

Man page:

  Only the user  that  mounted  a filesystem  can unmount it again.  If any user should be able to unmount, then use users instead of user in the fstab line.

Note: the user option also implies noexec, nosuid, and nodev, so if you need those options, you'll need to add their counterparts. For example, if you're going to need to execute binary files from the drive, you should add the option exec, so your options would be uid=1000,noauto,user,exec, and the same goes for the other two.

Further reading: Fstab - Ubuntu Documentation


You have to right-click on the title bar, when the window is not maximized and select "Always on visible workspace"


Need syntax to run program Ged2gwb inside Geneweb App

https://geneweb.tuxfamily.org/wiki/ged explains the syntax and its options; the simplest command would be

ged2gwb IMPORTME.ged -o OUTPUTFILE

where you replace IMPORTME.ged  with the GED file to import from and OUTPUTFILE as the file to output to.


It's a Debian/Ubuntu change , Firebird should be secure by default (port should be closed by default for the outside world)

http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=702971


How do I SSH to machine A via B in one command?

Using ProxyCommand in your SSH config.

Create an SSH configuration file in your home directory (unless you want to make this system-wide), ~/.ssh/config:

Host unibroker          # Machine B definition (the broker)
Hostname 12.34.45.56    # Change this IP address to the address of the broker
User myusername         # Change this default user accordingly
                        # (`user@unibroker` can overwrite it)

Host internalmachine    # Machine A definition (the target host)
ProxyCommand ssh -q unibroker nc hostname.or.IP.address.internal.machine 22

Now you can reach Machine A directly using

ssh user@internalmachine

Also note that now you have a single SSH host target name for it, you can use this in other applications as well. E.g.:

SCP to copy files.

scp somefile user@internalmachine:~/

In your GUI applications:

use sftp://user@internalmachine/ as the location to browse on the machine.

KDE-based (Dolphin): use fish://user@internalmachine/

Notes

Change hostname.or.IP.address.internal.machine and the port (22) to the machine you like to reach as if you would from the unibroker machine.

Depending on netcat versions on the unibroker host, the -q0 option must be omitted. Regarding authentication; you're basically setting up two SSH connections from your workstation. This means both the unibroker host and the internalmachine host are verified/authenticated against one after another (for both keypair/password and host key verification).

Explanation

This approach of the use of ProxyCommand and 'netcat' is just one way to do it. I like this, because my SSH client talks directly to the target machine so that I can verify the host key from my client and I can use my public key authentication without using another key on the broker.

Each Host defines the start of a new host section. Hostname is the target hostname or IP address of that host. User is what you would provide as the user part in ssh user@hostname.

ProxyCommand will be used as the pipe to the target machine. By using SSH to the first machine and directly setting up a simple 'netcat' (nc) to the target from there, this is basically just a plaintext forward to the internal machine from the broker between those. The -q options are to silence any output (just a personal preference).

Make sure you have netcat installed on the broker (usually available by default on Ubuntu) - either netcat-openbsd  or netcat-traditional .

Note that you're still using SSH with encryption twice here. While the netcat channel is  plaintext, your SSH client on your PC will set up another encrypted channel with the final target machine.


Yes, there is the Unity HUD (Head-Up Display).

It is a little search box that appears in the top left corner of your screen when you briefly tap the Alt key.

You may enter a query there and the HUD will search your currently focused window's menus for it.

The search result list can be navigated using the ↑/↓ arrow keys and Enter or the mouse. The effect is the same as if you navigated the application's menu to click the selected item.


Connecting Ubuntu home server to internet via laptop

https://superuser.com/questions/437137/how-to-turn-my-linux-netbook-into-wifi-ap/437229#437229

Above link walks you through the process of setting up Ubuntu as a wireless access point through the command line. Should get you started, at least.


You need to look if your bios will let you enable "Legacy" boot.

Check if "Secure Boot" is on (needs to be off).

Check if there is a restricion in place for booting from USB. Check if "Legacy USB" is activated.

There might even be a key combo that lets you select where to boot from while startup.

Without really seeing where you are stuck I am just throwing some guesses which may be available to you or not.


Fortunately, gedit does not use one specific spellchecker but instead relies on  Enchant, a small utility that abstracts over other spellchecking backends like hunspell, aspell, and many more.

Since aspell is one of the supported backends, and Arabic aspell dictionaries are available in the repositories, you can install and use those instead.

More specifically,

Install the necessary dictionaries: In the case of Arabic, run sudo apt install aspell-ar and maybe sudo apt install aspell-ar-large.
After the dictionary is installed, run gedit and click the hamburger menu ☰ (Or press F10). Go to Tools > Set Language... and you should see 'Arabic' among the languages you can choose.

Once you select it, all spellchecking will be done using the newly-installed dectionary. After you're done with checking Arabic (or if you need to check another language), repeat step two.

Note: Keep in mind that aspell doesn't seem to be able to handle حركات.


Installing Ubuntu on an Asus G75VW with a dual hard drive setup

Just install Ubuntu as you normally would on the 2nd HDD but make sure you install Grub Bootloader, this is the Linux version of Windows Boot Manager. Once installed, go into BIOS and make sure the boot order points to the 2nd HDD as the first boot option. If grub does not read your Windows 7, then try running run:

update-grub


How to become active directly an open app?

To switch between the all Open Application we all use ALT+TAB hotkey.That will do the Job.


How to hide files on desktop in Nautilus but keep them visible on the desktop screen?

There is no way of hiding a file in Nautilus and keeping it visible on the desktop screen.
Files on the desktop screen are shown through the "Desktop Icons" Gnome Shell extension. That extension follows the same conventions for showing or hiding files as these used by nautilus, i.e., files with a filename starting with a dot, or which are included in a file .hidden. To change that would require implementing the feature in the extension.


Ubuntu 17.04 GeForceGTX 960 nvidia driver ... login loop

Try adding "acpi_osi=" in grub.

In terminal first

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

Then edit line starts with GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT and add "acpi_osi=", like this below

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_osi="

Then update grub with

sudo grub-update

and restart. This worked for me and hopefully for you too. I was unable to use linux for a long time on my asus n552vx laptop and finally able to use Ubuntu 17.04 gnome with nvidia driver installed.

Note: "acpi=off" also works but for me touchpad and function key was not working.


Gratefully, the issue was solved for me.  The solution: change to using a USB data cable, instead of using a USB charging-only cable, although they look the same.
Similar to you, I have issues with my Sansa Clip+ 4GB MP3 player that worked with Ubuntu 12.04 before but not anymore, with the similar
device not accepting address 31, error -71
hub 5-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port n

Error messages in dmesg output.  I spent hours trying it on Windows Vista, Windows 7, Ubuntu 12.04, a CentOS live DVD, a Fedora live DVD, laptop, desktop, all to no avail.
Finally, I tried a different USB cable, and it immediately worked on both Windows and Ubuntu 12.04.  I then realized that I have multiple USB chargers at home, and I carelessly used one of their cables to connect, and the currently working cable is likely the one that came with the Sansa Clip+ MP3 player, a USB data cable.  Researching on the web, I found 2 references regarding the difference between a USB data cable and a USB charging-only cable.  The charging-only cable only uses 2 pins to provide power (electricity), and do not put any signal on the 2 data pins, so when they are used, the USB devices have issues connecting to the OS, regardless of the OS type: Windows or Linux.
The 2 references are:

Wikipedia: Universal Serial Bus, "Connector Types" section

"To reliably enable a charge-only feature, modern USB accessory peripherals now include charging cables that provide power connections to the host port but no data connections, and both home and vehicle charging docks are available that supply power from a converter device and do not include a host device and data pins, allowing any capable USB device to charge or operate from a standard USB cable."

Differences between a USB charge only cable and a data charge cable

Anyway, I'm grateful that eventually it was solved and hope your issue will be solved soon too.


To find the Bin directory you have to download the OpenJUMP-Portable-1.5.2-r2930-CORE.zip and then extract it, then you will find the Bin directory inside the extracted directory.


Short-cut for switching to a given directory

Also have a look at autojump, it builds a database with previously visited directories and then you can jump to it.
So for instance you have

/home/user/this/long/and/annoyingly/deep/directory/workstuff

then if you have visited it once you can jump to it by

j workstuff

or even

j stuff

because it also works with partial matches. If more than one directory matches you jump to the one that is most visited, if this is not the one you wanted, then repeat the command to go to the second.

However it gets better! If you also have the directory

/home/user/stuff

and you do

j stuff

and then TabTabTab you get (in the order of most visited)

$ j stuff__
stuff__1__/home/user/this/long/and/annoyingly/deep/directory/workstuff
stuff__2__/home/user/stuff

and then you can just press the number of the directory you want!

To install you can just use sudo apt-get install autojump and then you need to add

source /usr/share/autojump/autojump.bash

to your ~/.bashrc.

More information here: https://github.com/wting/autojump (also instruction on how to install this from src which gets you the most recent version)


These are character encoding errors. The jar file was built with assumption about character set that are not true in the system where you are trying to run it. All of that backslash stuff is your system's way of showing characters it does not understand


Add more disk space to partition (11.10)

From your filesystem structure it seems like you've installed Ubuntu as a guest OS on your Windows using Wubi. When you installed it you specified 17G as the size of the virtual disk that Ubuntu can use - This is your /dev/loop0.
The /dev/sda2 is the disk of your Windows partition and therefore can not be resized to move space from it to the Ubuntu partition.

However, there is still a way to resize the virtual disk size of Wubi and is described in the WubiGuide which references to a simple script the you can download and execute. Detailed instructions are inside that guide.


Try to get a look into the converted deb file using your preferred Archive Manager. Does it contain the files you want? (Have a look into the data.tar.gz inside the deb file)

If it does, they should be on your disk where they are located in the archive. Check these locations on your disk. If the files are there, what's your problem?

If you're just missing the launcher file (The one listed in Dash/Application Menu), create one yourself.

EDIT: You tried to install the sources. That won't work of course. The minetest repo contains precompiled packages, why don't you use them. Or just get it via APT, like stated in Downloads/Debian.


but I didn't know if Ubuntu would automatically install the bootloader and essential?? things on the SSD

The UEFI part you start from BIOS. It will offer to install the bootloader on the FIRST disk it sees (sda) and offer you the option to pick another disk (sdb).

  I don't know if there are any special instructions to follow,

Nope.

  or if the Ubuntu (Ubiquity?) installer automatically detects this

Yes.

Basically:

Set the ssd up with a mount called /
Set the hdd up with a user named mount (I use /discworld)
What I tend to do next is edit ~/config/users-dirs.dirs to point the directories in home to /discworld. The personal files are best kept on the hdd. The config in /home/ is better kept on the ssd.

  This is because I had heard that SSDs are faster for starting up the operating system

Yes. Not just starting up but also starting applications (if the config files are on the ssd)

  and for everyday use, but HDDs are still better for long-term storage. Is this correct as well?)

Yes. For video, music and general personal files the hdd is best used as the "fileserver". It is also better to set all downloads in things like torrent programs, browsers to the hdd.

  Is there an official tutorial for installing Ubuntu 18.04+ on a device with an SSD and an additional internal hard drive?

Nope. Not "official" since it basically has a high personal influence: what I consider best someone else might believe it not to be. But I did found a AU answer that might be helpful in explaining how to use the "something else":

How to use manual partitioning during installation? See part 2 in this answer: https://askubuntu.com/a/521195/15811


Ubuntu 12.04 install error: ubi-partman failed with exit code 141

First thing I would do is boot into the live CD. If you have gparted on it (which I think it is) then open that and try to find out the size or other details of your two partitons. With this information it should be possible to identify your win and your Linux partition.

Then reformat the ubuntu partitons. You should be able to use gparted for that. But you will need to umount them (you can do that in gparted as well).

After that it should be possible for you to reinstall again.

Good luck!


What was the meaning of a special character on the shebang line?

A - or -- signals the end of options and disables further option processing.  Which means that bash will not accept any of its option. Any arguments after the -- are treated as filenames and arguments.

An argument of - is equivalent to --. This is done to improve script security. Some user may perform setuid based script root spoofing. To avoid interpreter spoofing you need to add -- to #!/bin/bash. This is rare but possible attack.nixCraft


Enabled root password and have System Policy and sudo problem

You seem you have made a change for the /etc/sudeors file.if you wanna restore defaults just get it from the source and then replace your file with it. or else you can just edit your file and obligate sudo to ask for password. when you open your file move to the line where %sudo   ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL if there is something wrong and you cant find this line so edit line that contains %sudo and paste this. Also you can make something else just add the following yourUserNAme ALL=(ALL) PASSWD: ALL


How is Nvidia driver 367.18 on Ubuntu (14.04)?

If you want stability and what you have now works fine for you, don't upgrade. There's always a risk.

If you need the new features it provides, then go ahead and upgrade, but only once you actually need the features.

For me, the newest drivers tend to work well, but that's just my experience. Every single card (even model vs. same model) is different. Everyone has a slightly different experience. It could work amazingly for you and terribly for anther person with the same GPU.

I believe 367 is a beta, so it's not technically stable. However, like I said earlier, it could work perfectly for you. It could also be a disaster, however.

The best way to find out which it will be is to just do the upgrade. Of course, we could make predictions based on your hardware, but those predictions would be highly based on opinion and therefore off-topic on this site.

If the newest drivers do end up being unstable, it's almost always possible to just go into a TTY and reverse the upgrade. That, however, is a different topic, and one that has already been covered multiple times here and on various forums and Q&A sites. If you run into problems, comment, and I can link you to some topics that may help you out.


Built-in Webcam not detected, also no /dev/video* in Ubuntu 20.04 and 18.04

I also ran into an issue where the integrated webcam was not detected (no /dev/video*), and tried the answers in the post you linked. My work laptop does not have that button, but there is a BIOS setting to enable the camera, which was off.
I restarted and entered Bios Setup (F12) and for me the setting was under:
System Configuration > Miscellaneous Devices > Enable Camera
I didn't know this option even existed, might be something to check on your system.


After a bit of fiddling, I worked this one out myself. I needed to repair GRUB using the instructions here.

Quick precis of the steps:

Boot in to live CD.
Mount the new partition to /mnt:

sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt  # make sure that sda2 is correct!

Bind the various local directories so that chroot will work:

for i in /sys /proc /run /dev; do sudo mount --bind "$i" "/mnt$i"; done

chroot in to the new partition:

sudo chroot /mnt

At which point you're running Ubuntu in the new partition. Then from there, update and reinstall GRUB:

update-grub
grub-install /dev/sda

You might need to update GRUB again afterwards.

Then reboot and the GRUB menu will be updated.

At that point I booted in to the new partition, deleted the old one, and updated GRUB to reflect that change.


I'm not sure that this alteration alone would have caused the problem.  Did you make any other changes like this?  This, and any other change to the system configuration, should have been posted in your original question.
You can reverse manual alterations made to system files, assuming you either backed up the original, or you know exactly what you changed.
Luckily /etc/systemd/system.conf will also restore the default if you just delete it.   But I'd try to restore it first.
You will need to boot from installation media and choose the "Try Ubuntu" option so that you can access files, since you are no longer able to boot even to GRUB.
Once you are booted to the live session, you can make the changes you need to reverse any alterations you made to system files.
This should solve your problem.
I would advise against following advice from reddit and random blogs.  These are generally poor quality sources for information and advice.  Anything that involves manual alterations of system files should be met with skepticism and warrant a full understanding of the consequences before making any changes.


non-english characters in file names don't show up in file search

I had the same issue in Arch Linux but it might help you. This is an issue of correctly setting the locale.

First thing, you need to generate your locales. For this you must uncomment the corresponding lines for each needed locale in /etc/locale.gen. For example, for Greek and American English locales uncomment the lines:

el_GR.UTF-8 UTF-8
el_GR ISO-8859-7
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
en_US ISO-8859-1

you now need to generate the locale:

# locale-gen

set your language in /etc/locale.conf (for example for US English)

LANG="en_US.UTF-8"

and logout/reboot


There isn't an option to Factory Reset, you'll just have to reinstall Lubuntu unfortunately


The second hard drive you plugged in still has some leftover broken bits of grub legacy on it, and your bios is trying to boot that drive instead of the original.  Go into your bios and tell it to boot from the proper drive.


If you want an icon in the unity dock:

You need to create a *.desktop file for your program.

gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/my-java-app.desktop

In the file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=the name you want shown
Comment=
Exec=java -jar <your jar file path>
Icon=<your preferred icon>
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true

Now in your File manager, go to your Home folder and press ctrl+h to show hidden files.

Go to-> .gconf-> desktop-> unity-> favourites-> launchers

You'll see a bunch of folders starting with "app-".
You need to create a folder for your program, use the same name as my-java-app.desktop you used in /usr/share/applications, go into 1 of the folders for something that is already on the dock & copy the xml file, paste that into your new folder & open it with the editor, change the name of the *.desktop to your my-java-app.desktop.

Now open gconf-editor & go to-> desktop-> unity-> favorites, double click the list on the right & add your my-java-app.desktop.

Log out and back in and you should see your launcher in the unity dock.

References:

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1578379&p=9910899#post9910899


How to add a wifi connection if I'm not within range

read man nm-settings
a general example is
nmcli connection add type wifi con-name outofrange ssid HUAWEI 802-11-wireless-security.key-mgmt WPA-PSK 802-11-wireless-security.psk xxxxxxxx

the error in your question <setting>.<property> for example in above command,
<setting> 802-11-wireless-security <property> key-mgmt
<setting> 802-11-wireless-security <property> psk
Based on your OutOfRange connection settings change the above values..


Soft lockup (freeze) on RPI 3 B and 64bit Ubuntu

I just switched to Rasbian OS (Debian 10). All raspberry pi's are runnung stable for more than a month now.


What SATA version does my mainboard have, I or II?

Probably the best way is to check the BIOS, which will have very detailed information about SATA ports and their respective controller chips. It is also worth looking at the manual for your motherboard to be sure on the exact specifications. However, there are some ways to give an indication of the SATA version used on your motherboard.

One of the most useful tools is hdparm. You can use it to see how your hard disk is connected by noting which type of SATA ports and the approximate transfer speeds are reported when entering:

sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda

More information is available by looking at man hdparm or the Ubuntu manpage online.

You can also receive information from the kernel ring buffer by using:

dmesg | grep SATA

which should report the link speed of your SATA boot drive.

Fore more information see: this useful article and also this one.


Install unity-tweak-tool, click on Launcher and enable auto-hide feature. You will not uninstall it, but at least it will not disturb you.

Look at How do I remove the Unity launcher?


I do lot of googled and found something, but its not my answer that was i looking for it.

Some of expert say that happened following things.

Bad network connectivity during download mails.
Something messed up in .msf file (thunderbird folder file)
Something happened bad in applied filtered.
Bad compacting of local folder.

So i try all these things, i close my TB (ThunderBird), then remove .msf file and reopen TB. And Compact very local folder and Recreate my all filters.

That might be help full for those how applied filters in copy state. But i applied in move states. So that i lost my mails and there is no way to recover them.

If any one know about how to recover them, any suggestion welcome.


I would advise against it. Depending on your settings in U1 and Deja Dup, this could end up turning into a recursive backup situation, where your next backup contains a backup of your backup directory, etc. etc. Seems like a good way to eat up all your disk space on U1 though :)


Seems that syslinux package isn't in initial apt cache at all in 20.10, so apt claims no package found.
All I needed to do was:
apt-get update
... And then run apt-get install syslinux
I had a script that jumps in and out of chroot, and I did one update inside chroot, but not in the subiquity installer shell itself...
Interesting enough, same exact workflow works in subiquity installer of 20.04.1 Live Server ISO image without any issues.


How does Mdadm recovery and partitioning work when considering the operating system and a potential fault?

Q0 : Documentation
kernel.org : a guide to mdadm
https://raid.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/A_guide_to_mdadm

help.ubuntu.com : Advanced Installation, software Raid
https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/advanced-installation.html

Q1 : does the os filesystem  be secured by raid?
If the RAID volume is mounted on root /, it is a yes

Q2 : Recovering
https://www.howtoforge.com/replacing_hard_disks_in_a_raid1_array
If one disk fails, mdadm enters the degraded mode, missing data is calculated, filesystem is available.
The recovery process can be run from a Live cd/usb or from the current OS if available.

Get raid status : sudo mdadm -D /dev/md0
Mark disk as failed : sudo mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --fail /dev/sda1
Filesystem is available, missing data is calculated.

Remove failing disk : sudo mdadm --remove <array> <device>
Shutdown, replace hardware, boot, create partition
Add new disk to raid : mdadm --manage <array> --add <device>
Raid array is synchronizing, watch /proc/mdstat to get status.


While the builds have succeeded, they are still pending publication as you can see under the "Status" heading at https://launchpad.net/~unixinfo/+archive/ubuntu/openshell/+packages and in the screenshot below:

I am not sure how long it takes for them to be published, but it is definitely not instantaneous.


Can someone help me find freezing cause?

I have the similar hardware on an Acer with the same problem.  It seems to be a kernal bug with intel hardware.  I have a question going on Ubuntu forums(general help) dealing with this.  The answers what I found so far was to use an early 3.14 kernel or to use intel_idle.max_cstate=1. I do not know yet how to do this.  You can find more info at https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=109051. Check comments. Colin.


Can I resize multiple images in a directory to 160x160 at once?

I found an easy solution, run these following commands

sudo apt-get install nautilus-image-converter
nautilus -q

Now go to the directory using Nautilus
Make sure Show hidden files is enabled
Make a search for .folder
Select all the files you want to
Right click and select Resize Images
Select image size as custom size option and fill width = 160 and Height = 160
And file name as Resize in Place
Press Enter

Your images should be resized to 160

Source

Strangely it didn't work on .icns


I've had similar problem once and got resolved using this article:

Repair Linux boot failures in GRUB 2 rescue mode


How do I enable mouseover window focusing?

You need the gnome-tweak-tool to do this. Under "Windows" you have the option to set the mode of the window focus to mouse.

For 14.04 and Unity, the right tool is unity-tweak-tool. Find the feature under (name/selection=name/,): Window Management, Additional Settings,Automatic Raising=Off, Fixing Behaviour: Mouse.


You can change your monitor settings by going to System-> Preferences-> Monitors and you should see available settings like this.

Once you change any of the settings and hit Apply your settings will take effect without logging out.