Possible to Set up Ubuntu Server and run VirtualBox on it

Virtualbox should run on Ubuntu, but Linux provides it's own QEMU-based virtualization, called KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine). It's a native Linux solution, not based on any third-party software like Virtualbox.
For purposes that you describe, it will be probably even better not to use the "full" virtualization with all the overhead of separate virtual machines, but "light" virtualization in form of so called "containers". Containers share the OS, but have separate process spaces, memory spaces etc. This is commonly used in Linux for running separate services each in its own environment. Probably the most popular container solution is Docker, but there are certainly people here who have more knowledge about this type of virtualization than me (I have worked mostly with KVM).


What happens if deja dup backs up files which are locked or in use?

A file lock is only of interest when making changes to a file (ie. write, delete, move, rename; things like that).

Deja dup needs to read a file. (simplified:) It copies the contents of a file that it needs to backup over to a compressed container. So there is no need for the system to complain about the file being locked.

1 extra comment: if a file is in use the one stored on disk will be backupped. Changes made to the file after the backup finished will not be stored to that backup.


wine has to be removed before installing nvidia-331

Sorry, but you may be out of luck. You could try temporarily disabling the driver, but the instructions work or bust. Sorry!


Incorrect available space output of df after deleting huge file

If you haven't delete your virtual machine from command line, you have to empty the trash to see change in df -h.

You could also check the biggest files in your system to delete or backup.

find . -type f -size +100M

Or whatever size you want.


How to prevent USB headset buttons to kill the mouse click handler?

The lesson learned here: always read the complete launchpad bug description.
There was one comment pointing out to modify /etc/X11/xorg.conf and add

Section "InputClass"

    Identifier "Plantronics"

    MatchVendor "Plantronics"

    Option "Ignore" "true"

EndSection

Did that; removed the UDEV files and rebooted.

Afterwards the headset (including the buttons) is fully functional; and no mouse clicking issues any more.


There might be anonymous user (with blank username) with some rights and all others inherits this privs. Or some rights may be granted in a non-standart way.

Inspect mysql system tables directly, start from

SELECT * FROM mysql.user\G
SELECT * FROM mysql.db\G
SELECT * FROM mysql.host\G


How do I install AMD Drivers on Ubuntu 14.04?

Open up the terminal and type the following. It will ask for your password and to confirm it

sudo apt-get install fglrx


You can install this without any problem. The bios problem is fixed at the moment it seems.


Move semi- maximized windows across multiple (2 or more) monitors

Move your semi- maximized windows across multiple screens ("aero- snap" alike)

The script below does exactly as you describe. It can be used on any number of screens. The script is optimized for Unity, but can easily be edited to fit  other window managers.

It turned out to be a bit more complicated than I thought, since the script should take into account that the user possibly set the launcher to only appear on the leftmost screen (or not). The targeted positions (and targeted window sizes) should be calculated accordingly.

Notes

The script moves the windows through all connected screens, subsequently switching through the "halves" of the screens, from left to right and vice versa.
The script reads the sizes of the screens and sets the window size, to half the screen size accordingly.
The script reads the settings on the launcher (if the launcher appears on only the first screen or on all), and calculates the targeted window sizes accordingly.
The script does not take into account the possibly set autohide option for the launcher. The reason is that updating the windowsize once the launcher hides or shows up would take a background script, and quite an other story to code.
The windows are moved and resized by a combination of xdotool and wmctrl - commands. Since these commands can have some "characteristic behaviour" in combination with Unity, there is a possiblility minor changes can be useful on your system. I tested it on two (quite different) systems however, working fine on both.

The script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import sys

# --- set possibly wanted marge (on the right side of the window) below
marge = 0
# --- set set launcher width below (default = 65)
default_launcherwidth = 65
# ---

move = sys.argv[1]
get = lambda cmd: subprocess.check_output(
    ["/bin/bash", "-c", cmd]).decode("utf-8")

screendata = [l for l in get("xrandr").splitlines() if " connected" in l]
# get the primary screen's position
pr = [l.split() for l in screendata if "primary" in l][0]
i = pr.index("primary"); s = pr[i+1]
primary= [int(s.split("x")[0]), int(s.split("+")[-2])]
# general screen list
screendata = [
    [s for s in l.split() if s.count("+") == 2][0] for l in screendata
    ]
screendata = [
    [int(s.split("x")[0]),int(s.split("+")[-2])] for s in screendata
    ]
screendata.sort(key=lambda x: x[1]); primary = screendata.index(primary)

def launcher_size():
    launcherset = get(
        "dconf read /org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/unityshell/num-launchers"
        ).strip()
    l_size_0 = 65; l_size_1 = l_size_0 if launcherset == "0" else 0
    return [l_size_0, l_size_1]

def magnets(index):
    l_size = l_sizes[0] if index == primary else l_sizes[1]
    screen = screendata[index]
    screenwidth = screen[0]; shift = screen[1]
    parts = (screenwidth - l_size)/2; virtual_mid = screenwidth - parts + shift
    left_trigger = shift + l_size
    return [left_trigger, int(virtual_mid), int(parts)]

def find_screen(x_loc):
    scr_index = len([scr for scr in screendata if x_loc >= scr[1]])-1
    scr_index = scr_index if scr_index >= 0 else 0
    screen = screendata[scr_index]
    return [scr_index, screen]

def get_active():
    active = hex(int(get("xdotool getactivewindow").strip()))
    active = active[:2]+(10-len(active))*"0"+active[2:]
    x_pos = int([l.split()[2] for l in get("wmctrl -lG").splitlines() \
                 if l.startswith(active)][0])
    return [active, x_pos]

def decide(x_loc, active):
    current_scr = find_screen(x_loc)
    triggers = magnets(current_scr[0])
    width = triggers[2]
    index = current_scr[0]
    if move == "left":
        if x_loc <= triggers[1]:
            if x_loc == triggers[0]:
                if index != 0:
                    alter = magnets(index-1)
                    width = alter[-1]
                    target = alter[1]
                else:
                    target = triggers[0]
            else:
                target = triggers[0]
        elif x_loc > triggers[1]:
            target = triggers[1]
    elif move == "right":
        if x_loc >= triggers[1]:
            if index != len(screendata)-1:
                alter = magnets(index+1)
                width = alter[-1]
                target = alter[0]
            else:
                target = triggers[1]
        elif x_loc < triggers[1]:
            target = triggers[1]
    subprocess.call([
        "wmctrl", "-r", ":ACTIVE:","-b", "remove,maximized_vert,maximized_horz"
        ])
    subprocess.call(["wmctrl", "-ir", active, "-e", "0,"+str(target)+",400,"+\
                      str(int(width)-marge)+",200"])
    subprocess.call([
        "wmctrl", "-ir", active, "-b", "toggle,maximized_vert"
        ])

l_sizes = launcher_size()
w_data = get_active()
active = w_data[0]
x_loc = w_data[1]

decide(x_loc, active)

How to use

The scrpt needs both wmctrl and xdotool:

sudo apt-get instal xdotool wmctrl

Copy the script into an empty file, save it as move_window.py
Test- run the script from a terminal window by (repeatedly) the command:

python3 /path/to/move_window.py right

which should move the window through your screens to the rignt, and:

python3 /path/to/move_window.py left

which should move the window through your screens to the left.
If all works fine, add both commands to shortcut keys: choose: System Settings > "Keyboard" > "Shortcuts" > "Custom Shortcuts". Click the "+" and add the commands to two shortcut keys of your choice.

Important notes

The launcher width is set to 65px (corresponding to icon size 48px + 17px borders, which is the default). If the set width is different, it should be set correctly in the head of the script, as indicated in the section:

# --- set set launcher width below (default = 65)
default_launcherwidth = 65
# ---

In the headsection of the script, there is furthermore a line:

marge = 0

which sets the empty marge at the right side of the moved screen. Change it if you like to another value.


fstab errors when mounting a SSD connected via USB

The written mount command have some mistakes

You want to mount readonly ?

sudo mount -t ntfs-3g -r /dev/sda2 /media/external

You want to mount read/write

sudo mount -t ntfs-3g -o rw /dev/sda2 /media/external


Epson SX235W scanner no longer detected via wifi

Are you sure that firewall is not blocking the connection? I had similar issue which solved by changing ufw settings. It can be tested by:

root@joker:~# ufw status
Status: active
root@joker:~# ufw disable
Firewall stopped and disabled on system startup

joker@joker:~$ scanimage -L
device `epson2:net:AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD' is a Epson PID 0885 flatbed scanner


NetworkManager crashing unrecoverably on egpu ethernet

Looks like this was the issue:
"Using degraded feature set (UDP) for DNS server 8.8.8.8" on new ubuntu installation on virtualbox over windows10
The problem was resolved by changing the symlink
/etc/resolv.conf -> ../run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf
to
/etc/resolv.conf -> /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf


How to control RGB lighting for Asus ROG laptop's built-in keyboard?

I was able to control the lights using a repository called 'rogauracore' (https://github.com/wroberts/rogauracore). The command syntax is really easy and it works perfectly.


There's a piece of software called PlayOnLinux which runs on Wine and helps a lot with installing the required dependencies for software that it supports. It lists Crysis 2 under the games section, although you might need an install disc or .exe to run it (if you have the Steam version then it might not work). You could try that.


Simply change or reset your MySQL root password by doing the following:

Stop the MySQL server

sudo service mysql stop

Start mysqld

sudo mysqld --skip-grant-tables &

Login to MySQL as root

mysql -u root mysql

Change MYSECRET with your new root password

UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('MYSECRET') WHERE User='root'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; exit;

Kill mysqld

sudo pkill mysqld

Start mysql

sudo service mysql start

Login to phpmyadmin as root with your new password


In general it might be a good idea to install nautilus-gksu. This package allows you to switch to root. It adds a menu entry where you can choose to work with root access.


That's a general gnome setting. Assuming you got a recent version of ubuntu,
just install dconf-editor and navigate to
org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power. The idle-dim-time is what you want to change. The value is given in seconds.


You don't need to change /etc/hosts or machine hostname. These are just for name resolution. You need to bring up a loopback interface with this ip. So we will bring a copy of loopback (lo:1) with this ip:
$ sudo ifconfig lo:1 10.0.2.2 up

Then you can use ifconfig to see if its up. It will appear like:
lo:1      Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:10.0.2.2  Mask:255.0.0.0
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1

You can use ssh to this ip.
To make this permanent you can add it to /etc/rc.local .


Can't connect to ubuntu 16.04 with tightvnc client

If your ssh connection maps the port 5900 to localhost::5900, the viewer invocation should look like:

xtightvncviewer localhost::5900

I cannot speak to the putty invocation, but from Ubuntu, I can invoke the remote x11vnc (on ip ...131) with the command:

ssh -t -L 5900:localhost:5900 192.168.1.131 'x11vnc -localhost  -display :0'

Include a  username if necessary.  If you don't have an X server running as that user, then try running

sudo ssh -t -L 5900:localhost:5900 192.168.1.131 'x11vnc -localhost -auth guess -display :0'


Print documents using Ubuntu server and openbox

You can add printers using lpadmin from cups-client package. Take a look for this tutorial.

to print you can use one of these two commandslpr and lp:

Install lpr:

sudo apt-get install cups-bsd

Install lp:

sudo apt-get install cups-client

Now you can use it easily:

lp /path-to-file-to-print

Or

lpr /path-to-file-to-print

Take a look for man lp and man lpr for more information


Added a bridge for VM guest, now the host can't access the internet

I figured out the problem. The example in the instructions for setting up the bridge included adding these lines to the /etc/networking/interfaces file:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet manual

After I changed it to dhcp things started working again.

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp


How can I change the location of the Ubuntu notifications?

Go to terminal gsettings set com.canonical.notify-osd gravity 4 this should move the notification to the  bottom-left corner you can read a more detailed answer here https://askubuntu.com/a/128508/71679


How do you reset firefox without losing your bookmarks/logins?

Click the Bookmarks button (underlined ☆) in the top right corner and select Show All Bookmarks to open the Library window. From the toolbar on the Library window, click Import and Backup and choose Export Bookmarks to HTML.... In the window that opens, choose a location to save the file, which is named bookmarks.html by default and click the Save button.

To import the saved bookmarks back into Firefox follow the same navigation as above only select Import Bookmarks from HTML... instead of Export Bookmarks to HTML.... Don't delete the bookmarks.html file even after you are finished using it, because it is also useful for importing your Firefox bookmarks into other web browsers.


Why can't I increase the size of sda1 using gParted?

The extended sda2 partition is in the way. Do one of two things:

If Gparted allows, move sda2 to the very right, and then you'll be able to expand sda1.
Alternatively, delete sda2, expand sda1 by 2GB and then recreated your swap partition (an extended partition isn't required if you have 4 or less primary partitions).


Use a script as a printer to process output (PDF)

The clues appear to be in the first link in your question. Research indicates that backends are just scripts. So you could simply write your own. However it appears that the script you are looking for that's available for OpenSuse is described in your first link.

  The openSUSE RPM package cups-backends provides the bash script /usr/lib/cups/backend/pipe which is a wrapper backend for printing to any program.

finding this script is complicated by the fact the OpenSuse now uses .ymp one click installers and you have to dig a bit deeper to find the actual .rpm that contains the script. Here's an example taken directly from cups-backends-1.1-296.6.noarch.rpm available here.

Opening the package with file roller and navigating to /./usr/lib/cups/backend/ within the package and opening pipe reveals the script below:

#! /bin/bash
# CUPS wrapper backend "pipe" for printing to any program.
# It forwards the print job data like a pipe into another command.
# Author: Johannes Meixner <jsmeix@suse.de>, 2009, 2014
# For basic information see "man 7 backend" and "man 7 filter".
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2
# as published by the Free Software Foundation.

# Activate the "set -x" line to get debugging info in /var/log/cups/error_log:
#set -x

# Output "Device Discovery" information on stdout:
if test "$#" = "0"
then
  echo 'direct pipe "Unknown" "Forward print job data like a pipe to another command"'
  exit 0
fi

# Output usage information in case of wrong number of parameters:
if test "$#" != "5" -a "$#" != "6"
then
  echo 'Usage: pipe job-id user title copies options [file]' 1>&2
  echo 'Queue setup example:' 1>&2
  echo 'lpadmin -p queue_name -v "pipe:/path/to/command?option1=value1&-option2&value2" -E' 1>&2
  echo 'The command is called with the specified options as:' 1>&2
  echo '/path/to/command option1=value1 -option2 value2' 1>&2
  echo 'The original command line parameters (... job-id user ...)' 1>&2
  echo 'are provided as environment variables PIPE_BACKEND_ARGV[0-6]' 1>&2
  exit 1
fi

# Keep the original command line parameters (... job-id user ...)
# in environment variables to make them available for the command:
export PIPE_BACKEND_ARGV0="$0"
export PIPE_BACKEND_ARGV1="$1"
export PIPE_BACKEND_ARGV2="$2"
export PIPE_BACKEND_ARGV3="$3"
export PIPE_BACKEND_ARGV4="$4"
export PIPE_BACKEND_ARGV5="$5"
export PIPE_BACKEND_ARGV6="$6"

# Have the input at fd0 (stdin) in any case:
if test -n "$6"
then
  exec <"$6"
fi

# To be on the safe side clip anything after the first space character
# because spaces are excluded characters in a URI (see RFC 2396):
URI=${DEVICE_URI%% *}
# Extract the command to which the job schould be sent from the URI.
# Clip the URI scheme (anything up to the first ':' character) and
# clip anything after the first '?' character
# because anything after the first '?' character are options:
COMMAND=${URI#*:}
COMMAND=${COMMAND%%\?*}
# Extract the options (e.g. from 'pipe:/path/to/command?option1=value1&-option2&value2'
# clip anything up to the first '?' character and
# replace the options separator '&' character by a space:
OPTIONS=${URI#*\?}
if test "$OPTIONS" = "$URI"
then
  OPTIONS=""
fi
OPTIONS=$( echo "$OPTIONS" | tr '&' ' ' )
# Options could have been specified in a wrong way
# as addendum to the DeviceURI separated by spaces
# (spaces are excluded characters in a URI, see RFC 2396)
# which works by luck at least for some CUPS versions
# see https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=499735
# like 'pipe:/path/to/command option1=value1 -option2 value2'
# nevertheless use additionally those kind of options too:
MORE_OPTIONS=${DEVICE_URI#* }
if test "$MORE_OPTIONS" = "$DEVICE_URI"
then
  MORE_OPTIONS=""
fi
OPTIONS=$( echo "$OPTIONS" "$MORE_OPTIONS" | tr -s ' ' )

# Test if the command is executable:
if ! test -x "$COMMAND"
then
  echo "Cannot execute $COMMAND" 1>&2
  exit 1
fi

# Replace this wrapper with the actual command
# so that it exits with the exit code of the command
# and that the command gets any signals directly.
exec "$COMMAND" $OPTIONS

Since this is a bash script you should be able to use it with any version of 'nix including Ubuntu, with a bash shell, not just Suse.

In order to add a backend to cups you'll need to copy it to /usr/lib/cups/backend and set the permissions and ownership to match.

chown root:root /usr/lib/cups/backend/pipe

chmod 755 /usr/lib/cups/backend/pipe

Sources:

https://www.cups.org/doc/man-backend.html

https://build.opensuse.org/package/view_file/Printing/cups-backends/cups-backends.spec?expand=1

How do I extract a RPM file?


My only recommendation for this is to use something like GNU Screen

sudo apt-get install screen

which is a terminal multiplexor which will maintain states after the terminal has been disconnected. It can also be configured to save it's state to disk to maintain sessions between restarts.


Just install it with:

apt-get install ubuntu-gnome-desktop


For what it's worth...
I finally fixed the problem, I noticed the problem was with ubuntu-mono-dark icon theme. So I decided to reinstall the theme:

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-mono

It is all good now :)


How do I require use of the 5 GHz band when connecting to a Wireless N access point?

Using iwlwifi on 12.10,

  iwconfig wlan0 channel 36

or

  iwconfig wlan0 freq 5.18G

works

You MUST specify the channel (or exact corresponding frequency). Specfifying the frequency band (iow. just "5G") does not work.

Note that some dual-band/dual-radio access points (maybe only those of the "enterprise" category) can/should use "band steering" (aka. "frequency handoff"): the AP detects 5G-able clients and disconnect them from the 2.4G band to force them off to the 5G band. It may takes some time for this "trick" to take place, though.


Replace with "sed" a character with backslash and use this in a variable

Not so complicated

$ str="string's problem"
$ sed 's/'\''/&\\&&/g' <<<"$str"
string'\''s problem
$ new="file '$(sed 's/'\''/&\\&&/g' <<<"$str")'"
$ echo "$new"
file 'string'\''s problem'

It is critically important to quote the "$new"
variable when you use it.


Those files are tagged "suspicious", because they're "hidden" (that is, their names begin with a dot). Inspect them with ls -Adl and less. Use dpkg -S to see if the files/dirs belong to a package.


Ubuntu 18.04: How to avoid prompt to restart services

Use debconf-set-selections. Install sudo apt-get -y install debconf-utils.

If

sudo debconf-get-selections | grep libssl1.0.0:amd64

shows nothing do a ...

echo 'libssl1.0.0:amd64 libssl1.0.0/restart-services string' | sudo debconf-set-selections

and it not prompt for this anymore. That is a permanent solution.

For a manual installation you can also do

export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
apt-get install -y {package}


How connect to a ssh server from Nautilus on startup automatically?

I am not sure if this is what you are looking for, but I will write it anyway. Run Connect to server... and connect as usual. You can select remember password when asked. When connected, you can bookmark the location with Ctrl + D. Next time when you boot, just go to the location that you bookmarked. If you didn't choose to remember your password, you will be asked to enter it. Also, I'm using Ubuntu 10.04, so I'm not sure if this will be useful to you. Anyway, I hope this helped a bit.


bootmgr missing no disc. please help noobie here!

If you don't have any boot CD You will not be able to repair Your MBR :( It is not possible from BIOS setup.

Here is described how to restore Grub from Ubuntu CD:

How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?)

You can also fix this using other Linux/Unix boot CD's. Even from Windows (installed) or DOS (Grub2Dos).


problem with updating (confilting distribution: deb.opera.com)

Since you want to upgrade I would remove the opera repository from your apt sources:

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/opera.list*

Once your system properly upgraded to 14.04, download and install opera to set up the repo again.


How can I install ubuntu on pc using vmware image

As commented by @Brandon Bertelsen using clonezilla solved my problem.

  Detailed Steps

you will need vmware workstation, vm player wont work as it does not allow to boot using iso images
download daemon tool or any similar software
then download clonezilla img
mount the img downloaded using daemon tool
use this img mounted in the vmware workstation
start the vm
follow the step by step instructions, now you have a cloned image of the ubuntu which was in the vmware
now boot your pc (the physical one not the guest in vmware) with the cloned image


Very slow reaction of application switching hotkeys with Unity

I have this same issue in Ubuntu 14.04.

I was able to work around it seemingly adequately with keyboard shortcuts, binding super + 1, super + 2 etc to empty commands (I'm using a space). These keybindings don't seem to execute even when the command is not empty, but now when I hit super + 1 it seems to behave normally but as a single key event, rather than "super opens launcher", "1 key selects first app".


So, you can set the grub timeout to 0
https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub/html_node/timeout.html

A timeout of ‘0’ means to boot the default entry immediately without displaying the menu

You can also give your Linux menuentry in grub a hotkey. See the GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE section
https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/grub/html_node/Simple-configuration.html

If a hotkey associated with a menu entry is pressed, it will boot the associated menu entry immediately

However, I'm doubtful the combination would work exactly as you want.  I'd guess you would have to hold ESC to avoid the automatic boot, and then press your hotkey.
I did some quick tests in a VM.  Adding a --hotkey=l option to a menuentry and using the following settings did what you wanted, except there is a 1 second delay in booting.
GRUB_TIMEOUT=1
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=menu

I wasn't able to get invoke the grub menu at all when using GRUB_TIMEOUT=0.  However, the VM boot so fast that it was tough to test.


How can I switch between fglrx and ati drivers?

In theory it's possible: first, you should modify /etc/X11/xorg.conf, I think you need to modify things in the "Device" section (well, Xorg nowdays works fine without xorg.conf, as you noted too, so the other solution is rename xorg.conf so X won't use it).

But it's only the half part of the story, the other part is the kernel driver. I would "blacklist" fglrx as a kernel module, so it won't be load, when you don't need it: /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

I don't have a setup for ATI card in this way, but I have similar for nvidia, to switch between nvidia's binary driver and nouveau (open source driver for nvidia cards).


Deploy web application to local juju enviroment

They didn't use Vanilla to deploy, they wrote the charm for Vanilla and deployed it. That is the correct guide to follow. The Juju hooks can be written in any language so you don't need to write it in bash if you aren't comfortable with it. Here is a charm which deploys the Ghost blogging platform written in JavaScript https://github.com/hatched/ghost-charm as an example


What is 'setcap' command and 'file capability'?

In the link you provided , the use setcap  Sniffing with Wireshark as a Non-Root User because, by default, raw access to network interfaces (e.g. eth0) requires root privileges and running it with root privileges is a bad idea  .

setcap - set file capabilities

man page Link

Check file system capabilities Man Page

CAP_NET_ADMIN - Allow various network-related operations (e.g., setting privileged socket options, enabling multicasting, interface configuration, modifying routing tables).

CAP_NET_RAW - Permit use of RAW and PACKET sockets.

For more info Site


Using perl(Thx @terdon)

perl -pe 's/(.)(\d+)+/$1 x $2/eg'

Or as function

func () {
  perl -pe 's/(.)(\d+)+/$1 x $2/eg' <<< "$1"
}

Example

% perl -pe 's/(.)(\d+)+/$1 x $2/eg' <<< "afa5hgt66tt"
afaaaaahgtttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt

% perl -pe 's/(.)(\d+)+/$1 x $2/eg' <<< "errerew9ax66w"
errerewwwwwwwwwaxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxw

% perl -pe 's/(.)(\d+)+/$1 x $2/eg' <<< "afa5hgt3tt"
afaaaaahgttttt


Wifi will not stay connected to the internet

It sounds like a wifi power management issue, we can disable it with a module parameter

echo "options rtl8821ae ips=N" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8821ae.conf

Reboot and see if it has improved.

If you are using Network Manager, we may also have to do

sudo sed -i 's/wifi.powersave = 3/wifi.powersave = 2/' /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf

Then reboot


A shot in the blue:

Make the file executable

chmod +x /home/pc/Desktop/test/main.py

If the script hasn't a GUI use

Terminal=true

Add a she-bang in the first line of /home/pc/Desktop/test/main.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

or

#!/usr/bin/env python3

If you don't want the she-bang, start via

Exec=python /home/pc/Desktop/test/main.py


Ubuntu 12.04 fails to recognise my blu-ray drive

Sensible answer: sell the drive to a windows user and replace with something known to be compatible with the distribution you use.


I am using a script to map the buttons and screen area on my Wacom Cintiq 13HD. Basically This is a collection of calls to xsetwacom specific to the tablet.
This is the script (~/.local/bin/wacomagic.sh) that I am using:
#!/bin/bash

# Settings for tablet on the right side of the main monitor.
# Tablet dimensions are 1920x1080, main monitor is 2880x1620
xsetwacom set "Wacom Cintiq 13HD Pen stylus" MapToOutput "1920x1080+2880+0"
xsetwacom set "Wacom Cintiq 13HD Pen eraser" MapToOutput "1920x1080+2880+0"
xsetwacom set "Wacom Cintiq 13HD Pad pad" MapToOutput "1920x1080+2880+0"

# Settings for buttons
# Note that the buttons numbers 4-7 are reserved by XInput
# (source: http://linuxwacom.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Tablet_Configuration Tip in "Pad" section)
# so the buttons just up to 13.
# This is the mapping for the Cintiq 13HD
#
#     +----+
#     |  2 |
#     +----+
#     |  3 |
#  +--+----+--+
#  |    11    |
#+-+--+----+--+-+
#| 12 |  1 | 10 |
#+-+--+----+--+-+
#  |    13    |
#  +--+----+--+
#     |  8 |
#     +----+
#     |  9 |
#     +----+

# shift and control
xsetwacom set "Wacom Cintiq 13HD Pad pad" Button 2 "key Shift_L"
xsetwacom set "Wacom Cintiq 13HD Pad pad" Button 3 "key Control_L"

# brush sizes and zoom and mirroring
xsetwacom set "Wacom Cintiq 13HD Pad pad" Button 1 "key m"  # mirror canvas in krita
xsetwacom set "Wacom Cintiq 13HD Pad pad" Button 10 "key +ctrl +shift + -shift -ctrl"  # Custom key for [increase brush size] (krita)
xsetwacom set "Wacom Cintiq 13HD Pad pad" Button 11 "key +"
xsetwacom set "Wacom Cintiq 13HD Pad pad" Button 12 "key +ctrl +shift - -shift -ctrl"  # Custom key for [decrease brush size] (krita)
xsetwacom set "Wacom Cintiq 13HD Pad pad" Button 13 "key -"

# undo and redo
xsetwacom set "Wacom Cintiq 13HD Pad pad" Button 8 "key +ctrl z -ctrl"
xsetwacom set "Wacom Cintiq 13HD Pad pad" Button 9 "key +ctrl +shift z -shift -ctrl"

I created an application launcher that runs the wacomagic script and added it to a panel on the right side of the tablet in the topmost spot. This ensures that I can click it using the stylus even before the mapping commands (on top of the file) have been run.
The commands I map to the buttons are for my personal workflow. If you would like to have different (sets of) commands mapped you can just create one script per set.
Edit: For newer versions of (K)ubuntu this might not be required and work out of the box. Consult the awesome guides of David Revoy.


Executing a script with chroot; permission denied

The inquirer solved it by changing
chroot /mnt ./grubscript.sh

to:
chroot /mnt /bin/bash grubscript.sh


can i install ubuntu-14.04.1-server-amd64 to HP Integrity rx2620 Server

Your server should work just fine with Ubuntu Server. If there are any hardware problems at all (which are very unlikely), I'm sure you can google a work-around. You can burn the .iso to a CD (my recommendation) or use a utility like UNetbootin to put it on a flash drive or external hard drive. If you haven't used a GNU/Linux operating system (what you call Linux) before, you might want to get something with a lightweight GUI like Xubuntu or, if you're low on RAM or want something more lightweight, Lubuntu. Lubuntu has more bugs than Xubuntu (from my experience), so even if you don't need the bells and whistles of Xfce (Xubuntu), I recommend it anyway. Just because it's a server machine doesn't mean you need Ubuntu Server. Even if you are using it as a server, get something with a GUI so you can configure it easily. I have been using Ubuntu for years and I still have no idea how to configure networking from a CLI (command line interface).


Cannot connect to the internet after installing Cisco AnyConnect VPN Client

Cisco AnyConnect VPN Client makes changes to /etc/resolv.conf. Make sure that the program restored /etc/resolv.conf to its original state. /etc/resolv.conf should be a symbolic link to "../run/resolvconf/resolv.conf". If this is not the case then run

sudo dpkg-reconfigure resolvconf


After installing Ubuntu, nothing happens

I dont really know why this is the case, but for some reason, I cant install 64 bit operating systems. I didnt know that that was a thing, but I tried installing the 32 bits one and it worked! So moral of the history; try x86 aswell.


Keyboard settings changing partially/not at all in Ubuntu MATE

Many thanks to @pomsky for pushing me to change settings and see the pattern.

The reason was the fcitx utility which lived its own life and was overriding MATE keyboard widget.

Solution:

$ sudo apt remove fcitx
$ killall fcitx -9
$ killall fcitx-qimpanel -9


OpenBSD Packet Filter firewall in Ubuntu

Unfortunately, no. PF is deeply integrated with the BSD, and porting it to Linux will need a lot of effort. You'll have to stick with netfilter (iptables).


Removed Windows 7 and installed Ubuntu Server 12.04, but Windows Boot Manager still appears

Try boot-repair,it would be the best option to repair your bootloader.


GUI for packaging and uploading files to Launchpad as .deb

Yes, there is GUI for packaging. You can find some in this old answer: Graphical tool for creating Deb packages

But to upload to Launchpad, no.

Anyway, it's easy and you can do with a simple command.

The only caveat: first time only, you need to create SSH keys, register at Launchpad, etc: http://packaging.ubuntu.com/html/getting-set-up.html

Then, after create your Launchpad repo, no GUI is required, really simple:

dput ppa:<launchpad_user>/<repo> <package>_source.changes


First you need to install some mtp packages.

sudo apt-get install mtp-tools mtpfs

Then you need to add your device. Run

sudo -H gedit /lib/udev/rules.d/69-libmtp.rules

and add there a line

ATTR{idVendor}=="0bb4", ATTR{idProduct}=="0c03", SYMLINK+="libmtp-%k", MODE="660", GROUP="audio", ENV{ID_MTP_DEVICE}="1", ENV{ID_MEDIA_PLAYER}="1"

Save the file and run

sudo service udev restart

After that when you connect the phone you should see it in the launcher.

Some devices are detected as a CD with some USB drivers. In this case just eject the disk.


No sound from internal speakers in Ubuntu 15.10

There is an issue with Alsa.  It was present in 15.04 but has yet to be resolved.
google "no sound ubuntu 15.04"

I got a Realtek chipset / Intel HDA  and it's basically null under 15.10.

Good luck


Will Windows recovery partition become useless when dual install with Ubuntu?

If you can set to boot from it, it can still be useful.  It will, however, destroy your ubuntu partition if you choose to restore.

the destruction of the ubuntu partition is based off of this "recovery" partition just restoring an image instead of doing a REAL install.  while it may not be true in absolutely every case, it almost always is true.  i have personally used a recovery partition to restore the OS after installing multiple linux and bsd derivatives.  i can't speak to the lenovo recovery specifically.


Mounting an external USB drive via VirtualBox?

those three partitions are all on the same drive.

the external hard drive should show up as /dev/sdb#.

go to Devices/USB Devices on the virtualbox window and select your external hard drive. now the drive should be mounted automatically by Ubuntu


MacOS usually usees a variant of the HFS+ filesystem HFS on Wikipedia. This does support user rights - which are respected in Linux. Since the user id of your Ubuntu user and of your MacOS user is most likely different, you are not allowed to access the files.

So as already mentioned, the way to go would be to access the files with super user rights - using sudo, for example.


After removing ubuntu, I still have traces of it in my boot order

You should use efibootmgr tool.
Run

sudo efibootmgr

to get a list of numbers for boot entries. Then

sudo efibootmgr -b 4 -B

to delete entry number 4.
Never run this tool on Apple notebooks - it bricks them.


Can I send a 'waitfor' signal to Windows?

Best I can suggest is that you try running the waitfor.exe via wine. There just doesn't seem to be any information around about the protocols for this signalling.


Where to install boot loader on a Zenbook Prime?

I struggled with the same problem for quite a while, but found a solution now.

The first thing to know is that the Zenbook Prime uses a UEFI-boot mechanism and not a BIOS-based one. The second thing is that the disk is formatted using a GPT partitioning scheme and not the older MBR (Master Boot Record) based one.
This is the reason why there is an EFI System Partition (ESP) on /dev/sda1 on the Zenbook.

The boot-loader should be installed on the EFI partition (/dev/sda1).

Also you need to boot your Ubuntu-disk or USB-stick in UEFI-mode (as you did), since otherwise the installer will apparently be confused and install GRUB to the MBR instead of the EFI partition (it seems to me that the installer should be smarter and detect what kind of disk we have, regardless of how the installation medium was booted, but maybe there's a technical limitation somewhere?).

Finally as a workaround it is also possible to add a custom entry to GRUB which points to the right EFI file.

First do sudo blkid and look up the UUID of the EFI partition (/dev/sda1)
Do sudo gedit /etc/grub.d/40_custom
Add the following entry to the file:

menuentry "Windows 7" {
insmod part_gpt
insmod ntfs
insmod search_fs_uuid
insmod chain
search --fs-uuid --no-floppy --set=root 20B1-C9F3
chainloader (${root})/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
}

Where you replace "20B1-C9F3" with the UUID you looked up in step 1.

Save the file and then run sudo update-grub2.

After rebooting you will see your new entry which should work now.

If you want to remove the other broken GRUB entries from the menu you can easily do it using the grub-customizer program from the repos.


Unable to install R 3.5.0 in Ubuntu Bionic Beaver (18.04)

I am posting this answer so that it might help someone stumbling over the same problem. The problem was solved with a roundabout trick - it was experimental but it did work out.

So, I was trying to install R 3.5.0 from CRAN directly and it refused to get installed as mentioned in the question. The idea was to install whatever existing version in Ubuntu Bionic (18.04) and upgrade to 3.5.0 (instead of installing R from scratch).

The detailed steps are :

For now remove the source
deb https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ from Software sources.
Basic cleanup :-

sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Install whatever existing version in Ubuntu Bionic with

sudo apt-get install r-base

Re-add the source deb https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/
sudo apt-get update

-- still shows the warning expected bionic-cran35/ but got bionic

Ignore and proceed with sudo apt-get upgrade
Upgrade all the existing packages in Linux

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

And the last command (6th)  actually does the job --- R 3.5.0.

PS - The warning still displays in the screen when I update the sources but right now appears to be innocuous. Hopefully the next R update will fix that.

UPDATE : Infact, the bug has been fixed. So we can directly install R as per CRAN website from now on.


How long does Wubi take to download and/or save place?

Wubi, just as any other download will only download as fast as your internet connection allows.


Vino, the remote desktop sharing software, does not run on Wayland, the default display manager for 17.10.

I was in the same corner, you can fix it by not using Wayland:

Going back to the login screen and choosing 'Gnome on Xorg' from the settings (the gear symbol) menu before logging in allows Vino to work again.

If you want to have this parmanently, without having to switch each time you log-in, you can do this via modifying the /etc/gdm3/custom.confwith your favourite editor

sudo nano /etc/gdm3/custom.conf

and edit it to have Wayland disabled

[daemon]
# Uncoment the line below to force the login screen to use Xorg
WaylandEnable=false

and your next reboot will not have Wayland as an option, only gnome(*)

(*)Unless you installed Unity, of course.


Voltages look like overclocking; is voltage control via a script possible?

No, you can not change them, unless you have an overclocking motherboard, and then there will be options in the bios.  Obviously the in5 and in6 are wrong, probably because they are not connected on your motherboard.  The alarm value for in1 is probably also just set wrong.  There is really no telling what the correct value is supposed to be without reverse engineering your motherboard.


Ubuntu 32bit or 64bit on a laptop with 4gb ram?

The 64 bit system can run 32bit applications as well, but if you have 32 bit system you are not able to run 64 bit applications. Some 64bit only examples are Spotify and Viber. I did not even see the 32bit Viber native linux client. If your system is able to run 64 bit, even with 4GB RAM, then take the advantage of the 64 bit.


I followed the instructions in this answer: https://askubuntu.com/a/547905
It fixed the problem =)


The problem seems to happen when Wobbly Windows and Window Decoration are enabled at the same time... If you disable any of the two options the problem disappear. And in the case that the two are enabled at the same time the nautilus windows show the strange behavior randomly (at least in my case)...

What I've done is disable Window Decoration only for Nautilus.

Go to CompizConfig/Effects/Window Decoration/Decoration Windows and replace any by (any) & !(class=Nautilus)

The downside of that is that it remove the top bar on the nautilus window but you can still move it by grabbing the black space around the address bar...


error with (sudo apt-get update ) in ubuntu 20.04

This error message tells you, that the given repository does not support the Focal Fossa release.

The fprint library is included in the official repository as libfprint. I would recommend removing the launchpad repo by going into the "Software & Updates" and unticking it under "Other software".
The error should go away and you may install the library from the official repo (it may already by installed).


My screen goes black when I lower the Brightness to minimum. How can I control it?

the screen turning black is not an issue to worry about. It's a mere feature by default in ubuntu which allows brightness from 0-100 unlike windows where there is a minimum value say 1 or 5 and maximum value 100.


Yes, it is possible to use the computer's name as long as it resolves properly either through DNS or has an entry in the /etc/hosts file.

For example, if the computer name is sql, you could connect to it using "sql" as the MySQL host to connect to if your DNS pointed sql.yourdomain.com to the IP address of the MySQL server and you had search yourdomain.com and domain yourdomain.com lines in /etc/resolv.conf.  If you're using Ubuntu Desktop, you should set this in the "Additional search domains" setting in Network Manager.

If you are not/cannot use DNS, you can add a line like so to your /etc/hosts file:

x.x.x.x     sql

where x.x.x.x is the IP address of your MySQL server.

The major drawback with going the /etc/hosts route is that if you have multiple machines it can be pretty inconvenient to manage the hosts files on all of them (which is one of the reasons DNS was created in the first place).

I would definitely recommend going the DNS route.


Is there a tool for A/B audio-comparison?

abx, available in the Ubuntu software repositories, is designed to perform audio ABX testing. It allows you to determine if you can discern audible differences between two samples.


You have a few issues here:

you need to set awk's field separator appropriately: by default it is whitespace, whereas your files appear to be delimited by semicolons
you are trying to match on a partial field: 4670046 is in a but 46700468915 isn't
you seem to be confused about which field you are matching, $1 or $2

If you know that you want to match the first 7 characters, you can try

awk -F ';' '
  NR==FNR {a[$1]=$2; next} {k = substr($1,1,7)} k in a {print $0, a[k]}
' OFS='\t' 2.csv 1.csv

or equivalently

awk '
  BEGIN{FS=";"; OFS="\t"}
  NR==FNR {a[$1]=$2; next} {k = substr($1,1,7)} k in a {print $0, a[k]}
' 2.csv 1.csv

Ex. given

$ head ?.csv
==> 1.csv <==
46700468915;2000

==> 2.csv <==
4670046;Tele2

then

$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=";"; OFS="\t"} NR==FNR {a[$1]=$2; next} {k = substr($1,1,7)} k in a {print $0, a[k]}' 2.csv 1.csv
46700468915;2000    Tele2


How do I stop Ubuntu 12.10 heating up so much?

If you are having problems with battery, CPU or overall overheating of the machine I suggest you try TLP. Originally designed to increase the battery performance, it also offers a lot more than just that !

Also, if you type "sudo tlp-stat" (after installing) you will get all the information you need out about your machine, and I bet that is going to help a lot of people here to help you even better.

Still, it is imperative that you find out your graphic card type. If it is an NVidia, there are ways to control the fans through its driver's software (Not sure if that is also possible if you have an ATI or INTEL).


Ok, I actually just worked it out. If you press Tab while in the menu, then it shows a command line prompt which has a command prefilled in it, similar to this:

You can enter the options after the --, and in my case ... -- acpi=off worked.

After installation, to make this a default for your grub menu, edit /etc/default/grub and set this option:

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="-- acpi=off"

and then, run:

$ update-grub


Bash Script: catching errors in a block of statements

You could use the trap shell builtin command to have a handler function called if a command has a non-zero exit status. You can pass necessary information, like the line number and the exit status to your error handler function.

Example:

#!/bin/bash

handle_error() {
    echo "FAILED: line $1, exit code $2"
    exit 1
}

trap 'handle_error $LINENO $?' ERR

# your commands here
# ...

echo "OK"


System-wide command to backup specific directory

This can be done by creating a custom hotkey.

Open Control Center, click on Keyboard, then click shortcuts tab. Click add shortcut. Enter a name such as "Backup work". Then, for the command, enter:

sh -c 'rsync -azh ~/my/work/folder /path/to/backup/folder'

Click add, then click on new shortcut to add the key combination to activate it. Chose a combination that is not used by your program or the system. Note: some desktops may have you add the key combination before adding the shortcut.

Explanation of command

rsync is a file synchronizer software. The first execute may take some time as it has to copy all the files. But during subsequent runs, it looks for changes and copies the changes.

-a creates a recursive (copies subdirectories) archive that preserves owner, permissions and timestamp.
-z compresses file data for sending.
-h prints numbers in a human readable format.

Thus, this command will copy files and sub-folders from /my/work/folder to /path/to/backup/folder; preserving ownership, permissions, and timestamps; and compresses file data.

NOTE: I assumed the work folder is in your home directory thus the addition of ~. If it isn't in your home folder, then provide the absolute path to the work folder.


Problems on boot Ubuntu 13.04, kernel version 3.8.0 with UEFI

It's not clear from your description what boot manager and boot loader you're using. If you're using GRUB, then Frank's suggestion might work, at least in the short term. (There might be problems if/when further kernel upgrades come along, should the working 3.5.0 kernel be deleted.)

It sounds like you may be using the EFI stub loader, though. If so, you should be aware that some users have begun having problems with it in the 3.7.x and 3.8.x series. The cause isn't yet clear. This thread on the Arch Linux forum discusses the issue in detail. If you're running into this problem, then either a reconfiguration of your boot manager to boot 3.5.0 by default or switching from the EFI stub loader to another boot loader (such as GRUB 2 or ELILO) is in order. Reconfiguring your boot manager requires knowing which one you're using, and perhaps how you're using it.


Why can't I install Ubuntu on my Fujitsu Siemens Amilo Pro?

When you run your Live Ubuntu DVD / USB, do not choose to install Ubuntu from the boot menu, instead choose the first option Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer to be able to boot into a live session. Once you are in the Live session, make sure you have an Internet connection (configure your network if necessary from the system tray using the network manager).

Next, you can choose to install Ubuntu using Live Installer icon that is present on your desktop. When presented with the 3 choices for installing Ubuntu in dual-boot with Windows Vista, choose the 3rd one saying Something else. You will be getting to the partition table for your hard-disk, and you can choose the partition where you want to install Ubuntu. Make sure you divide that partition into 2 separate partitions, a large partition formatted as linux ext4 for root with foreslash / as startup point, and a smaller partition (up to 2GB in size) formatted as linux swap.

Now you can select the root partition that you have previously created and press NEXT to continue installing Ubuntu.


Open new Chrome window with different profile from command line

When adding new profile named Whatever, Chrome does not create profile folder with the same name. Naming convention is "Profile X", where X is integer. So, it may be the case to check the real profile folder name before executing the command.
chrome --profile-directory="Profile folder name" works fine on Ubuntu.
You may also find useful this answer and discussion https://superuser.com/a/377195/1084604


How do I use a PlayStation 3 Sixaxis controller with Ubuntu to control games

You are able to connect the controller to the pc via usb cable. This is supplied with a PS3 device (it is the primary way to charge the controller). I don't know how to connect the controller via bluetooth to your computer (if you even have a bluetooth receiver), so this answer focusses on usb connection. It might be that the controller already works if you do this (You can test this with jstest-gtk as listed below). I use another similar PnP controller, and it works without difficulty.

if it does not work automatically, this link might answer your question. In summary:

install xboxdrv from the Ubuntu Software Center or with sudo apt-get install xboxdrv
start xboxdrv with sudo xboxdrv --detach-kernel-driver
If you press the Playstation button, the computer will receive its input and simulate it as an Xbox 360 controller, which should work the same as the playstation controller.

You can test the functionality of your controller through Jstest-gtk (install: sudo apt-get install jstest-gtk)

Good luck, let me know if it works.


The umask acts as a set of permissions that applications cannot set on files. It's a file mode creation mask for processes and cannot be set for directories itself. Most applications would not create files with execute permissions set, so they would have a default of 666, which is then modified by the umask.

As you have set the umask to remove the read/write bits for the owner and the read bits for others, a default such as 777 in applications would result in the file permissions being 133. This would mean that you (and others) could execute the file, and others would be able to write to it.

If you want to make files not be read/write/execute by anyone but the owner, you should use a umask like 077 to turn off those permissions for the group & others.

In contrast, a umask of 000 will make newly created directories readable, writable and descendible for everyone (the permissions will be 777). Such a umask is highly insecure and you should never set the umask to 000.

The default umask on Ubuntu was 022 which means that newly created files are readable by everyone, but only writable by the owner:

user@computer:~$ touch new-file-name
user@computer:~$ ls -dl new-file-name
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 0 Apr  1 19:15 new-file-name

Starting in Ubuntu Oneiric (11.10) the default umask was relaxed to 002, which expands write-access to the owner's group:

user@computer:~$ touch new-file-name
user@computer:~$ ls -dl new-file-name
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 0 Apr  1 19:15 new-file-name

Viewing and modifying umask

To view your current umask setting, open a terminal and run the command:

umask

To change the umask setting of the current shell to something else, say 077, run:

umask 077

To test whether this setting works or not, you can create a new file (file permissions of an existing file won't be affected) and show information about the file, run:

user@computer:~$ touch new-file-name
user@computer:~$ ls -dl new-file-name
-rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr  1 19:14 new-file-name

The umask setting is inherited by processes started from the same shell. For example, start the text editor GEdit by executing gedit in the terminal and save a file using gedit. You'll notice that the newly created file is affected by the same umask setting as in the terminal.

Use case: multi-user system

If you are on a system that's shared by multiple users, it's desired that others cannot read files in your home directory. For that, a umask is very useful. Edit ~/.profile and add a new line with:

umask 007

You need to re-login for this umask change in ~/.profile to take effect. Next, you need to change existing file permissions of files in your home directory by removing the read, write and execute bit for the world. Open a terminal and execute:

chmod -R o-rwx ~

If you want this umask setting be applied to all users on the system, you could edit the system-wide profile file at /etc/profile.


You can't be sure 100% that they'll work since it's different hardware, but here comes the interesting part Ubuntu will load the correct Modules for the hardware its running so the only thing you can do is just, try it and see if it works, now the configuration files are in your home folder under several hidden folders (.config for example).

A personal experience on this: I had a Core2Duo, MSi Intel motherboard and an AMD GPU running Ubuntu 11.04, when the time arrived I upgraded to an AMD PII x6, AMD Mb and the AMD GPU, luckily Ubuntu worked for me so, as i said.. try it.


Is there a way to get Gnome 3 Unity (from 11.10) in 11.04?

Googling around I find this:

"Upgrade

Ubuntu 11.04 users can upgrade Unity by adding ‘ppa:ubuntu-desktop/ppa‘ to the ‘Software Sources‘ dialog, then running Update Manager."

I haven't tested yet, but may works.-


Is there a way to stagger the launch of VM's in virtual box?

According to the manual you can from the commandline, something like

vboxmanage modifyvm  <vmname> --autostart-delay <seconds>


Browse Directories with text UI in Terminal

You probably mean a TUI file manager. I recommend Midnight Commander, the command is mc.


Your second output, du -s Folder is in kilobytes not megabytes. That is the default output for du. To convert to MB divide by 1024: 120664/1024 = 117.8359375, with the h flag this gets rounded up to 118MB.

You can also view the size of the folder in Bytes with du -sb Folder.

The du utility gives you the amount that is actually used by the disk. The value you are seeing in the file explorer is the apparent size. These are not the same as explained in man du:

   --apparent-size
          print  apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although the apparent size is usually smaller, it may be larger due
          to holes in (`sparse') files, internal fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like

If you use --apparent-size option in du it will give you the same value that you see in the file explorer.

As for why size on disk is different than the size of all the files, see this response: Why is disk usage greater than the size of all files on it?


Why wine VLC application is repeating many times on right click menu of any video?

I was comparing video quality of both native and wine vlc

One is the wine version of VLC and the other is the native one. As for the third one... you may have duplicate .desktop files.


Cisco AM10 USB wireless adapter not working with Ubuntu 20.04.1

I was able to get my AM10 working on 20.04.3 by running the cisco usb modeswitch:
sudo usb_modeswitch -L -v 1307 -p 1169
This fix persists on reboot but disconnecting the adapter requires running the command again. I assume modifying /lib/udev/rules.d/40-usb_modeswitch.rules referenced earlier would make the change permanent.


System logs out on video playing in Full Screen

I did not find a way to configure Totem movie player but you can disable the default output
that is causing the problem as a workaround by doing the following.

Right click "Applications) on the top panel.
Select "Edit Menus"
Select "Preferences" under the Menu section on the left side.
Select "Multimedia Systems Selector" on the right side.
Click close.
On the panel, click "System", "Preferences" and then "Multimedia Systems Selector".
Click the "Video" tab.
From the "Plugin" dropdown, select "X Window System (No XV)"
Click close.
Logoff and then login.
Enjoy Fullscreen video in Totem and Firefox. :-)


Short answer

It seems there's no good enough up to date open source Flash player project. And apparently current Lightspark won't work with Chromium version 34 and higher.

Current Status

Starting from version 34 (April 2014) Chromium/Chrome start to drop support for the Netscape-API plugins (NPAPI) in favor to new Pepper API (PPAPI) which runs plugins in sandbox mode (which, IMHO, closed the main web security hole of the last years named Flash). To keep Flash support under Linux Google made deal with Adobe to maintain its own version of Flash (still proprietary and close sourced) available as pepperflashplugin-nonfree.

Since the latest version of Lightspark was long before (2013-03-16) the API switch (2014-02-17) it doesn't supported by current version of Chromium project. The other active FOSS Flash player projects are even older.

What to do

Depends on reasons you're seeking FOSS Flash player.

In case of security, you could safely use Google's Pepper Flash, since it's sandboxed. Install it via Ubuntu Software Center as pepperflashplugin-nonfree or command line sudo apt-get install pepperflashplugin-nonfree. Chrome already includes plugin build-in.
In case you believe in FOSS software and want to support it - it's better to not use Flash at all (ignore it), as using any FOSS players still promote closed proprietary RIA standard (which, IMHO, harmed industry enough). It's not so hard, since many sites going to use HTML5 as Flash replacement. And as backup feature you can install Pepper Flash, but set Chromium to run it only by request (entering URL chrome://settings/content and selecting "Click to play" for Plug-ins).


i am trying to install Ubuntu 13.04 amd-64 desktop on my pc with dual boot..,

You need to record the iso (a DVD image) to a blank DVD using your Windows DVD recording software.

Then you put it in your DVD player and boot from the DVD. How to do this depends on your computer BIOS settings. On some computers you can press F12 or some other function key to get a boot device menu where you can choose the DVD drive. When you boot does it show you a message like F12 Boot menu or something of the sort?

On others PC's you'll have to enter BIOS settings (see what shows on screen immediately after you turn your computer on). Find the boot order settings and make sure the DVD drive is before the hard disk. Save settings and continue.

Since you seem inexperienced, please make sure you do a backup on an external drive of all important things on your PC just in case you get it wrong.

If in doubt what options to choose ask before continuing.


Ubuntu 14.04 I must create always apache2 log directories before start

Normally, you should not need to create directories for logging as the loggers should take care of creating those directories automatically.  Try reinstalling apache2 as a root.  I am not sure about why PHP complains.

Update (after reading updated question):

The problem is not permissions as I doubted.  It resembles with the one in here: http://pcduino.com/forum/index.php?topic=3838.0.  Also has a solution in it.

Add the entry to recreate those directories in /etc/rc.local file.  Hope it resolves your problem.


Ubuntu 15.10 Live won't boot - Nouveau and Nvidia

A couple different problems and solutions here.

Problems with Windows holding on to the cache and nvme drive were solved by disabling fast startup on Windows per recommendation 3 here.

Fixed booting problem caused by Nouveau and nvidia by pressing e during the grub menu and adding nomodeset to the end of the Linux line. System boots properly now and as expected,  no problem from the WiFi drivers. http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1648380


You can set the shortcut to lock screen by typing "System settings" in your dash and then going to Keyboard-> Shortcuts-> System-> Lock Screen
Click on "Lock Screen" once and press the Scroll Lock button. This will set the shortcut for locking your screen to Scroll Lock.
To just turn off your screen, go to System settings-> Keyboard-> Shortcuts-> Custom Shortcut and add your own shortcut key as follows:

Name: Screen off
Command: sh -c "sleep 0.1 && xset dpms force off"

And then set the shortcut by clicking on the new entry made there.
Source: Similar question
You need to give the sleep command to wait for the key press(of the shortcut) to terminate and not have an effect of waking up the screen turning off.


Can't install Ubuntu12.04.1 LTS; is the Graphics card responsible for that?

One solution that comes straight to mind is that you are using a 64bit DVD but have a 32bit W7 installed. The W7 installation won't make a difference but maybe your processor is 32bit.

Download the 32bit DVD and try installing again.

I don't think the GFX card will be causing the problem, nVidia and Intel are usually the best options for Ubuntu.

Good luck!


Install Ubuntu 16.04 on HDD of a computer with Secure Boot that has Win10 on SSD

The install will put the root where you select, but the (grub/shim) bootloader(s) go to the EFI on sda, regardless of what you select.

Assuming the SDD is UEFI mode, has an EFI partition, and boots from it, you should set up another EFI partition on the hdd so it can boot under UEFI (so you don't have to touch the SDD's EFI). Then you can choose which device to boot.  (boot the install median UEFI mode). The install should put grub/shim into the EFI partition of sda. Ensure Windows hibernation is off before trying this. Grub should also pick up the Windows and offer it as a boot option, even if secure boot is on.  If hibernation is on, Grub might not be able to mount/see Windows, and not include it in the boot choices.

If the SSD is device sda, then either remove it for the install (so hdd becomes sda), or manually copy the whole sdd EFI partition to the hdd EFI partition with some additional tweaking maybe necessary. If you can remove the SSD, that's easiest. the installer will ignore where you tell it to put grub ;^(   I've not seen the suggestion to shut down temporarily unwanted disks from the BIOS, but that probably would work too.  The worst that could happen is the SDD is seen anyway, and gets an /EFI/ubuntu directory, and maybe a rename of
/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi.


Welcome to AskUbuntu, MrKarma4ya.
Recovering files from a formatted drive will be quite difficult and possibly quite expensive. This really depends on how the ext4 format modified the drive. If all it did was write the superblock and the installation files, there's a possibility that some of your data is still there. The problem is that there is no method (that I know of) to change partitions back to a previous format. You will need to get creative.
Option 1:

make a dd image of your disk and save it to a safe place. This will likely require a second disk of equal or greater size.
format the disk as NTFS
compare the disks at the block level using cmp
cmp will tell when the two begin to change
take that offset value and have dd use your image as a source and skip ahead by X — where X is the offset cmp gave you — and start writing back your data to the freshly formatted NTFS disk

Mind you, this will only work if the bulk of the Ubuntu installation did not overwrite the files that existed on the device previously and if all the details are done perfectly. It's not a simple process at all.
Option 2 (the expensive one):

send your disk to a data recovery centre
be prepared for the sticker price

I really hope your most important files have been backed up recently somewhere.


Ubuntu Xubuntu Lubuntu 12.10 and Compiz Compostor

Where can I find the Compiz compositor and the plug-ins that will work in 12.10 all versions

Compiz, Compiz Settings Manager and the Compiz Plug-ins are in the Ubuntu repositories, Compiz being installed by default as a matter of fact because Unity runs on it (as a plug in).

Depending on the Ubuntu version you're using the Version of Compiz will vary.

In any case, if you're running another Ubuntu variant (read: non Unity) you won't have Compiz installed by default. If you wish to have it and replace your current Window Manager run this.

sudo apt-get install compiz compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-plugins

Afterwards run compiz --replace so that it replaces your current Window Manager be it, Openbox (Lubuntu), Kwin (Kubuntu), XFWM4 (Xubuntu, Ubuntu Studio, Edubuntu).


Just grep it:

sudo grep -IRF onboard /etc 2> /dev/null

and if unsuccessful

grep -lIRF onboard ~/.[^.]* 2> /dev/null


Try
xrandr -x

for flipping video horizontally,
xrandr -x

for flipping video vertically.
A few references:
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Xrandr
https://xorg-team.pages.debian.net/xorg/howto/use-xrandr.html
https://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.5/doc/man/man1/xrandr.1.html


What is "Nepomuk Backup" and why is it installed?

It is probably a dependency for a program that you installed (probably KDE based), as far as I know you cannot remove it without affecting the application.

Have a look at the page project and the wiki entry for the framework.

You can check what packages depend on that one using apt-rdepends (install it if you don't have it):

Usage for checking is apt-rdepends -d <nameofpackage>, other options can be found on the man() page for rdepends.


You can manually create a sudoers file like this one:

# /etc/sudoers
#
# This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root.
#
# See the man page for details on how to write a sudoers file.
#

Defaults        env_reset

# Host alias specification

# User alias specification

# Cmnd alias specification

# User privilege specification
root    ALL=(ALL) ALL

You can follow this guide on how to edit / create the sudoers file.

Also, check this forum thread.


Black screen after removing ATI drivers, how do I reinstall?

Reboot into recovery mode, in low graphics mode. Then reinstall your ATI driver:

sudo aticonfig --initial.

If you see nothing again on the reboot, go back into low graphics mode to uninstall the driver.


Get the proper architecture i.e 32-bit or 64-bit of the system. then;

       Download Ubuntu Desktop

    Open the Terminal (in /Applications/Utilities/ or query Terminal in Spotlight).

   Run diskutil list to get the current list of devices.

    Insert your flash media.

   Run diskutil list again and determine the device node assigned to your flash media (e.g. /dev/disk2).

    Run diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskN

(replace N with the disk number from the last command; in the previous example, N would be 2).

   Execute sudo dd if=/path/to/downloaded.iso of=/dev/rdiskN bs=1m

(replace /path/to/downloaded.iso with the path where the image file is located; for example, ./ubuntu.img or ./ubuntu.iso).

            Using /dev/rdisk instead of /dev/disk may be faster

            If you see the error dd: Invalid number '1m', you are using GNU dd. Use the same command but replace bs=1m with bs=1M

            If you see the error dd: /dev/diskN: Resource busy, make sure the disk is not in use. Start the 'Disk Utility.app' and unmount (don't eject) the drive

    Run diskutil eject /dev/diskN and remove your flash media when the command completes.

     Restart your Mac and press alt/option key while the Mac is restarting to choose the USB stick.

Alternatively, Using UNetbootin

Download UNetbootin for mac

Get the proper architecture i.e 32-bit or 64-bit of the system. then;

 Download Ubuntu Desktop (if you dont already have one)

After this, run UNetbootin select the ISO file, select a target drive (USB Drive or Hard Disk). After the installation, don't restart as prompted, since this is not for MAC but rather for windows. Just safely remove the USB and you can try it in a Windows PC if you have acess to any.


GIMP extended input devices settings problem

There is a "Save input device settings on exit" right on the "Input Devices" tab in the Preferences dialog. Use it :)


I had the same problem, and from my research have managed to pinpoint the issue - it seems that the GMA 3650 gpu had usable drivers for 12.04, but that there is a lack of drivers for and subsequent versions of Ubuntu including 13.04. I've personally had to stick with 12.04, although XBMC seems to run really slowly still.


How to mount password protected windows share without sudo in shell script?

As mentioned in the comments, user 'muru' suggests to look at How do I run specific sudo commands without a password?. After researching it seems the only official supported way to mount a password protected windows share from within a script.

It needs you to be a tech savy, and it needs you to alter system files with root permissions.


How to run GIMP on Ubuntu 16.04 (install from flatpak)?

Type in terminal

flatpak run org.gimp.GIMP

Then it will open GIMP


Create a script to move files that ignore errors

I'm assuming the entire script would fail

It won't, only that single command would "fail" (meaning the *.jpg globbing pattern will be expanded to a literal *.jpg, which will make the command throw an error in case a file named *.jpg doesn't exist), but the script will keep executing despite the error. So in most cases that's not a concern, however if you want to do things The Right Way™, enable failglob before running the commands containing the globbing patterns:

shopt -s failglob

From Bash Reference Manual: Filename Expansion:

  If the failglob shell option is set, and no matches are found, an error message is printed and the command is not executed.

To extract all the .zip files in the current working directory to a single directory:

unzip '*.zip' -d /path/to/target/directory

Notice that *.zip is enclosed in single quotes, so that unzip can expand the pattern on its own (the command would fail otherwise).

Putting everything toghether:

#/bin/bash
shopt -s failglob
mv *.jpg /path/to/target/directory
mv *.png /path/to/target/directory
unzip '*.zip' -d /path/to/target/directory


I had a similar issue, the super was disabled by default. A solution can be found here: http://www.dell.com/support/article/de/de/debsdt1/how12108/anleitung-zum-aktivieren-der-ubuntu-super-taste-auf-dell-oem-ubuntu-installationen?lang=de

If it is disabled, find official release notes how to revert this change.

In case this is not intentionally disabled feature then just install:
sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
and look up the Ubuntu Unity plugin usage.


I have same problems with my modem on 12.04. All you have to do are the following things:

First install USB_modeswitch on your computer. Try to download it from Software Center or Synaptic package manager. Also check for libusb in synaptic.

Now check whether you have /etc/mod_switch.conf or /etc/mod_switch.d file. Don't worry about their content, just check whether they are on your system or not. If /etc/mod_switch.conf is not present then you can create it manually.

Now check the file in /usr/share/usb_modswitch you will find a tar file in it which contain some information about your device. Look for your device file in the tar file, you will get it there.

To know which file you need, just run the command lsusb in your terminal to get the vendor id and product id respectively. In your file you will get the information like:

TargetVendor=  0x12d1
TargetProductList="140b,1506,150f"

MessageContent="55534243123456780000000000000011062000000100000000000000000000"

You will have you own TargetVendor, Targetid, TargetMessage content.

Now go to terminal and run gedit /etc/mod_switch.conf and write the following lines in it:

DefaultVendor=  0x19d2
DefaultProduct= 0x2000

TargetVendor=   0x19d2
TargetProduct=  0x0031

MessageContent="5553424312345678000000000000061e000000000000000000000000000000

Please make sure you put the right entry. Default vendor and product can be obtained from lsusb command. Target vendor, product and message content from the file I mentioned above. Save it and close the file.

Now open the terminal and run the following command:

sudo usb_modeswitch -c /etc/usb_modeswitch.conf


Getting error while installing Pop OS [Ubuntu to Pop OS]

It's easy. The solution is sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite /var/cache/apt/archives/pop-gnome-initial-setup_3.36.1~1593716052~20.04~e07a263 _amd64.deb


The following solved it for my ux501VW laptop

sudo apt-get install alsa-tools-gui
sudo hdajackretask

Select both Show unconnected pins and Advanced override in the Options
Override Pin ID 0x16 Changing Device to: headphones
Click the Install boot override button
Reboot


Mouse cursor jumps to begining of line when typing on Facebook chat using Firefox on Ubuntu 16.04

Finally I found the solution. Just click on input setting in tray icon, then turn on "Enable Macro".


Can not authenticate in Ubuntu One behind a proxy

I asked the same question in
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=12377799#post12377799
but didn't get any answer either. turns out that it's apparently impossible to use Ubuntu One with my proxy configuration (see details in the link).


Beware that the version of Guacamole in the Ubuntu repositories is only 0.8.3, which is very old. If you want the latest and greatest Guacamole (currently 0.9.8), use the instructions on the Guacamole website: http://guac-dev.org/doc/gug/installing-guacamole.html

If you are OK with a much older version, you can install the "server" using the normal sudo apt-get install

$ sudo apt-get install guacamole
$ sudo apt-get install guacamole-tomcat

Then you have to edit/configure the user-mapping.xml file which is found in /etc/guacamole. A simple user-mapping.xml that I use for RDP connectivity is the following:

<user-mapping>

    <!-- Per-user authentication and config information -->
    <authorize username="login-user-name" password="login-passwd">
        <connection name="name-of-server">
            <protocol>rdp</protocol>
            <param name="hostname">localhost</param>
            <param name="port">3389</param>
            <param name="color-depth">24</param>
            <param name="width">1280</param>
            <param name="height">720</param>
            <param name="enable-printing">true</param>
            <param name="enable-drive">true</param>
            <param name="drive-path">/home/login_name</param>
        </connection>
    </authorize>

</user-mapping>

Now... that install the Guacamole server onto your Ubuntu machine ... but if you want to see a desktop you will need to realize 1 limitation first and also understand what you need to do to finish this up.

The limitation:
Neither Ubuntu's Unity desktop nor Gnome3 will work with any remote desktop sw I am aware of.
So to have a usable desktop for "remote desktop" you should install either Mate, LXDE or XFCE.

Mate is pretty easy to use and there are lots of examples of how to install it onto whatever version of Ubuntu you are using.

For Ubuntu 14.04 here is a setup example:
http://itsfoss.com/install-mate-desktop-ubuntu-14-04/

Next you would need to install a couple more items:

freerdp...

$ sudo apt-get install freerdp-x11

and you need x11rdp on the "server" side.   The easiest way to get the very latest built/installed for you is to use a couple scripts from scarygliders:

http://scarygliders.net/2014/03/19/x11rdp-o-matic-version-3-10-released/

You will need GIT installed on your server:

$ sudo apt-get install git

then use GIT to pull/copy the scaryglider "build" environment for RDP and x11RDP.

$ git clone https://github.com/scarygliders/X11RDP-o-Matic.git

change directory into X11RDP-o-Matic directory that the above GIT command copied the build packages to...

$ cd X11RDP-o-Matic

next you need to start the scarygliders "build" process.

$ sudo ./X11rdp-o-matic.sh --justdoit

NOTE:   this takes QUITE A WHILE to complete.   On my 8 core 32GB system it can take 20 minutes.

After the build is complete you have 1 more step and that is to configure the "type" of session (rdp or vnc) you want the server to use so execute the following:

$ sudo ./RDPsesconfig.sh

I know this sounds complicated or a lot of work but its not really and scarygliders script is terrific in that it takes a very complicated build process and reduces it to 1 command for you.   What you get is assurance that you are using the latest RDP and X11RDP on the server.

If all of this is done then you might want to reboot your server before trying to connect remotely with a browser by pointing the browser to the IP of the server/guacamole

so example:    192.168.1.66:8080/guacamole

Remember Tomcat uses port 8080 by default, so your firewall(s) have to permit that.

I've used Guacamole to remotely log into cloud servers and virtual machines (KVM, Virtualbox etc).   Its not perfect but it works pretty well.


How to install mongodb 2.6.11 on ubuntu 18 LTS

There are no Ubuntu packages with that old version of MongoDB for Bionic (18.04). So if you need exactly that version, you need to compile it yourself:

Step 1

Install required packages for the MongoDB build

$ sudo apt-get install git build-essential libcurl4-openssl-dev python scons

Step 2

Clone the MongoDB repository from GitHub and checkout the release

$ cd /tmp
$ git clone https://github.com/mongodb/mongo.git
$ cd mongo/
$ git checkout r2.6.11

Step 3

Build and install MongoDB. Disabling the warnings as errors option is required, because the new gcc compiler will find more warnings in the old code. Optionally use /opt/mongo as installation location to avoid collisions with other MongoDB packages:

$ scons -j$(grep -c processor /proc/cpuinfo) \
      --disable-warnings-as-errors=DISABLE-WARNINGS-AS-ERRORS \
      --prefix=/opt/mongo \
      -Q install

Step 4

Start MongoDB

$ /opt/mongo/bin/mongod


Make a background (pure black is fine) 1080x720 pixels, and save it. Use Gimp, Pinta, or any other image editor to do this.

Then load the image again, and put the first line of the lyrics in with the "text" function. I know Gimp has it; other image editors probably would as well. Save as "frame1.png" or any other naming convention you want to use.

Make another frame for the second line of the song. Continue until you have frames all the way down the song.

Note: There are no real shortcuts for this process, and it is hard and time-consuming.

Then use OpenShot, or ffDiaporama, to put them together with the song. I don't know any video editors (except Windows ones) well enough to give you tutorial-level instructions on that part, unfortunately.


What is sudo chown -R $USER:www-data [path]?

From man chown:

SYNOPSIS
       chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...

Essentially, you're recursively (-R) setting the owner ($USER) and the owning group (www-data) on every file and folder within your directory (/some/path).

The colon separates the owner value from the group value.


How to move window buttons from left to right side of title bar in Gnome Classic?

Try using Ubuntu Tweak.

To install, run

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak

For more information see How do I install Ubuntu Tweak.

Open Ubuntu Tweak, go to the Tweaks tab and click on Window. Then set the window control button position to be right.

Hope this helps!


if you are using GNOME 3, you can access the preferences via the top menu.

you should have "activities" on the top left corner of your screen. on the right side of activities, you will have gedit. click on it, and you should see the preferences.


If you go to the Ubuntu packages site you'll find all the contact information you need.

Then below you search for the package you want info on.

After that you'll get the results of your query. Click on the distribution name to access it.

On the right side of the site you'll find the contact info for Ubuntu and for the Debian maintainer.

And finally,  as described in this question:

Why don't the Ubuntu repositories have the latest versions of software?

  Once the release happens additional changes to those packages only happen for bug fixing and security issues. There are no more upgrades done to the packages in the official repository even if new versions of the packages are released.


It happens if you have symbolic link .

Check if your /etc/resolv.conf have symbolic link to /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf
Use below command to check
ls -la /etc/resolv.conf

Sample output, if it has symbolic link:
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 09 Oct 30 22:22 resolv.conf -> /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf

Otherwise, delete or backup existing /etc/resolv.conf and then:
sudo ln -s /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf


Can you use this Linux machine (the one with the issues) to connect to another router?  If so, then it sounds like this is the issue:

You are using the wrong configuration for DHCP or static IP (i.e. you need to fix your config, seriously).

Make sure that your router supports DHCP if you're trying to use it.  Make sure that your subnet and gateway addresses are correct.  Also make sure, if you're using a static IP, that you are not trying to claim an address already in use.

If it can't connect to another router, then it sounds like you need drivers.  Good luck with that.


I just want to share my solution as I just fixed same problem for me. I am using ubuntu 14.04 x64, however native instead of booting in virtualbox.

Tl;dr:
sudo dpkg --configure -a solved my problem.

I tried manually booting using mount /boot/efi but it exited with error 32: mount :wrong fs type, bad option,bad superblock...
It asked me to check dmesg | tail
There I found that my error is because:
FAT-fs (sda2) : IO charset iso8859-1 not found
After googling this error I realized that my kernel does not proberly boot fat systems. Finding that another person cannot mount fat filesystems as well, and the answer to his question was to reload kernel using sudo apt-get install linux-generic. When I typed this command, I had an error: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct this problem. So I did and it reloaded lots of settings including grub, and I saw that it can mount /boot/efi from now on either terminal and while booting ubuntu.
Just posting this if anyone has the same problem, hope it may help.


There is a work around for VLC that im not sure how to apply for the default video player. In VLC right click and go to:
Tools -- Effects and Filters -- Video Effects -- Essential

Activate Image Adjust and Brightness Treshold. You might play around with the brightness as well, my default VLC settings on ubuntu were darker than the windows 8 settings on the same computer.


The java -version command confirms that you're running an older version of openjdk (and you may have mixed in a little Oracle Java 7... choose one, not both). Here's the current version information for openjdk...

openjdk version "1.8.0_111"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_111-8u111-b14-2ubuntu0.16.10.2-b14)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.111-b14, mixed mode)

Start Software Updater from the Unity dashboard and update your software.

If you'd rather use Oracle Java, another way to update your java version (specifically if you're using a release less than 16.04) is to use the ppa from the webupd8 team using the following steps:

1) Open terminal (ctrl+alt+t)

2) Enter the following commands:

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java -y
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer -y
$ sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-set-default

3) Enjoy java 8 :)

Side note - Last package (oracle-java8-set-default) may not be necessary to install


Problems with mbstring in Ubuntu 17.10 upgrade

As I was in a hurry to solve the problem, I decided to start from scratch: I removed PHP 7.0 and tried reinstal, but ...

sudo apt-get install php7.0

Installed version 7.1 again !

Well, I decided to follow its orientation and compiled version 7.0, but ... again problems arose and again I could not installmbstring.

Without further delay, I had to decline and install version 7.1 in order to continue developing my work. My problem now is just Magento, which in the version I use does not accept 7.1.

I'll see it coolly later: either I do a dowgrade of Ubuntu or upgrade the version of Magento ... Anyway, thank you Panter and others for attention.


How do I 'scp' between a virtual appliances that are running on different computers?

You say you want to scp - then the information is accessed through man scp or info scp  form a command prompt - or you can google scp

the man pages can be a bit daunting it says

  scp [-12346BCpqrv] [-c cipher] [-F ssh_config] [-i identity_file]
           [-l limit] [-o ssh_option] [-P port] [-S program]
           [[user@]host1:]file1 ... [[user@]host2:]file2

so here is my short version of it

scp is a bit like "copy from_existing_file to_non_existing"
thus a simple version of it would be "scp  myid@remotehost:myprog.cpp mycopy.cpp"
if you wan to "grab" a copy
or
  "scp  myprog.cpp myid@remotehost:mycopy.cpp"
if you want to store away a backup-copy
all the other switches like -v  depend on your setup - and various issues.

Good Luck


Where can I find .deb packages for specific programs?

Usually when some programs are available for Ubuntu or Debian You can find their .debs on the website (just google it and search download section). For example wine.

Sometimes You can just download binary version like in scilab or firefox case. In the latter case You need some work to make them work as those integrated into Ubuntu. But in general to run them You need to find a bin folder and click twice some file. For example:

ScilabVERSION/bin/scilab

Or great 3D modelling soft: Blender:

Just download it, untar the folder - right click - extract here, and find the executable icon called blender. Click it twice.

There also are ppa's - to add sources of software to Your repository.

Regards


Kubuntu 20.04 frozen after a while on HP Elitedesk 800 G1

On my EliteBook, in the HP BIOS, there are fan settings, f1(etc.) settings, what hardware is activated by default, and a bunch more.

On mine (and I hazard a guess that it is the same on yours), to enter BIOS:  shutdown completely, wait a few seconds, power on, hit escape (once or twice, if you hit it too much you will esc the BIOS, then when in BIOS, hit f10 to get into a more detailed bios.  In advanced settings, you can change hardware from 'view,' to change, (I just put them all on change), SAVE, then you can go back (hit esc) and then somwhere still under advanced you should now have the options to enable disable the onboard hardware.

ESPECIALLY, there are options for wake from sleep, deep sleep or not.  Possibly for you're case, a gentle push of power button will wake from sleep, then maybe spacebar to get monitor to display something.  :)


1-After installing arabic language you should see in languages menu if you not see you should add by check arabic from install/remove languages.
2-if still the same after rebooting in regional formats tab temporary choose العربيه after rebooting change it again to your default language.

  Note : if prompt to update an external feature you should update.

  edited

i have same problem with subtitle file but it depend on application as you see gedit have a problem with the file but on vlc on subtitle tab subtitle language section i edit the the default language to arabic and works fine .   as you see it depends on how application encoding language and here is away to change gedit encoding .


Why does Ubuntu add a .5" margin to the top when printing to my HP PSC-750?

I'm having the same problem.  My printouts are cut.

System is Ubuntu 12.04 LTS with HP Photosmart 6510 printer.

Here what I found (talking about A4 and cm, however, should be the same with Letter and inches, I just cannot try it with my setup)

Printer (at least mine) has a "scale-to-fit" options which allows pdf to be rendered properly.  The printout is scaled down, so it is smaller, but the margins are looking good.

Printers ->  -> Job Options -> scale-to-fit

This is of course not acceptable for predefined paper positions or if I want data to be as large as possible (for me Music Sheets and Labels for CDs)

so there is
the option to use the full paper size

During print:

Page Setup -> Paper Size -> ... Borderless ...

This allows to print pages without borders.

Hope this helps to solve you problem as well ;-)

Klaus


With tablets and smartphones, hardware support becomes a big issue.  While hardware support for Linux on desktop PCs is not as much of an issue these days, tablet and smartphone manufacturers have an "embedded" mentality where a lot of hardware requires drives that are not openly available, and if they are, it isn't legal for someone else to use them in their OS.

Modern smartphones and tablets have lots of different hardware included, from cameras to motion sensors, GPS devices, touch screens, bluetooth transceivers, light sensors, proximity sensors, phone codecs, and more.

There is also the issue of fragmentation: different devices have very different types of hardware, varying to a much greater degree than desktop/laptop PCs.

When someone releases an alternative operating system for a modern smartphone or tablet, they are faced with the challenge of tracking down drivers for each and every one of the hardware devices on that smartphone or tablet, or simply not supporting some devices, or reverse-engineering their own drivers, and so on.  Or, extracting the drivers from the stock OS on the device  (where it can be difficult to determine what is legal and what isn't).

So alternative OSes on smartphones and tablets usually only support certain device models.

Note that there are "community ports" of Ubuntu touch to other device models - these are not officially supported but try to get most/some hardware working on devices other than those officially supported Nexus devices.  The main reason they are not officially supported by Ubuntu is the unknown legal status of the drivers that need to be "borrowed" in order to get hardware working on those devices.

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Touch/Devices


In order to activate compiz, you shouldn't run compiz command, because it functions as a window manager. To activate compiz, first make sure you have installed it properly by:

sudo apt-get install compiz compizconfig-settings-manager

Then activate it by typing:

compiz --replace

...You may want to add that command to your startup applications if it worked. Please comment if you found any problems.

PS. you can also see my point in the output log after runnin compiz alone, without parameters: Error: Screen 0 on display ":0" already has a window manager; try using the --replace option to replace the current window manager. Which gives you a hint of what to do. :)


You MIGHT find this page helpful.  I currently use a Brother USB interface laminated tape printer with a program entirely written by one man who has such a label printer.  There is no actual stand-alone driver for his program.  His program prepares a file which it sends to the printer when you are ready.  You might find a similar program if you look hard enough.


How can I draw selection rectangle on screen for my script?

I just found https://www.opengl.org/discussion_boards/showthread.php/157014-Compiling-with-gcc, and I modified the code to get rid of the 100% CPU hog; it seems to work fine on Ubuntu 14.04 - simply run it from a terminal, draw your rectangle area, and the program will exit, printing the coordinates in the terminal:

xrectsel.c:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<X11/Xlib.h>
#include<X11/cursorfont.h>
#include<unistd.h> // added for sleep/usleep

// original from [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=85378 Select a screen area with mouse and return the geometry of this area? / Programming & Scripting / Arch Linux Forums]
// build with (Ubuntu 14.04):
// gcc -Wall xrectsel.c -o xrectsel -lX11

int main(void)
{
  int rx = 0, ry = 0, rw = 0, rh = 0;
  int rect_x = 0, rect_y = 0, rect_w = 0, rect_h = 0;
  int btn_pressed = 0, done = 0;

  XEvent ev;
  Display *disp = XOpenDisplay(NULL);

  if(!disp)
    return EXIT_FAILURE;

  Screen *scr = NULL;
  scr = ScreenOfDisplay(disp, DefaultScreen(disp));

  Window root = 0;
  root = RootWindow(disp, XScreenNumberOfScreen(scr));

  Cursor cursor, cursor2;
  cursor = XCreateFontCursor(disp, XC_left_ptr);
  cursor2 = XCreateFontCursor(disp, XC_lr_angle);

  XGCValues gcval;
  gcval.foreground = XWhitePixel(disp, 0);
  gcval.function = GXxor;
  gcval.background = XBlackPixel(disp, 0);
  gcval.plane_mask = gcval.background ^ gcval.foreground;
  gcval.subwindow_mode = IncludeInferiors;

  GC gc;
  gc = XCreateGC(disp, root,
                 GCFunction | GCForeground | GCBackground | GCSubwindowMode,
                 &gcval);

  /* this XGrab* stuff makes XPending true ? */
  if ((XGrabPointer
       (disp, root, False,
        ButtonMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask, GrabModeAsync,
        GrabModeAsync, root, cursor, CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess))
    printf("couldn't grab pointer:");

  if ((XGrabKeyboard
       (disp, root, False, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
        CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess))
    printf("couldn't grab keyboard:");

  // see also: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19659486/xpending-cycle-is-making-cpu-100
  while (!done) {
    //~ while (!done && XPending(disp)) {
      //~ XNextEvent(disp, &ev);
    if (!XPending(disp)) { usleep(1000); continue; } // fixes the 100% CPU hog issue in original code
    if ( (XNextEvent(disp, &ev) >= 0) ) {
      switch (ev.type) {
        case MotionNotify:
        /* this case is purely for drawing rect on screen */
          if (btn_pressed) {
            if (rect_w) {
              /* re-draw the last rect to clear it */
              XDrawRectangle(disp, root, gc, rect_x, rect_y, rect_w, rect_h);
            } else {
              /* Change the cursor to show we're selecting a region */
              XChangeActivePointerGrab(disp,
                                       ButtonMotionMask | ButtonReleaseMask,
                                       cursor2, CurrentTime);
            }
            rect_x = rx;
            rect_y = ry;
            rect_w = ev.xmotion.x - rect_x;
            rect_h = ev.xmotion.y - rect_y;

            if (rect_w < 0) {
              rect_x += rect_w;
              rect_w = 0 - rect_w;
            }
            if (rect_h < 0) {
              rect_y += rect_h;
              rect_h = 0 - rect_h;
            }
            /* draw rectangle */
            XDrawRectangle(disp, root, gc, rect_x, rect_y, rect_w, rect_h);
            XFlush(disp);
          }
          break;
        case ButtonPress:
          btn_pressed = 1;
          rx = ev.xbutton.x;
          ry = ev.xbutton.y;
          break;
        case ButtonRelease:
          done = 1;
          break;
      }
    }
  }
  /* clear the drawn rectangle */
  if (rect_w) {
    XDrawRectangle(disp, root, gc, rect_x, rect_y, rect_w, rect_h);
    XFlush(disp);
  }
  rw = ev.xbutton.x - rx;
  rh = ev.xbutton.y - ry;
  /* cursor moves backwards */
  if (rw < 0) {
    rx += rw;
    rw = 0 - rw;
  }
  if (rh < 0) {
    ry += rh;
    rh = 0 - rh;
  }

  XCloseDisplay(disp);

  printf("%dx%d+%d+%d\n",rw,rh,rx,ry);

  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}


Why is my Huawei E1550 dongle detected but unable to connect to the internet?

I solved a similar issue disabling the automount for such a device, editing my fstab with  "noauto,exec" options. This worked because these device are both a modem and removable media storage, and it seems one excludes the other.


The feature freeze is when feature stop being added/changed.  The UI freeze is when the User Interface stops getting changed.  The kernel freeze is a deadline for kernel updates.  Exceptional circumstances may justify exemptions to any freeze, at the discretion of the release managers.  For more details: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XenialXerus/ReleaseSchedule

If you like seeing new features added in over time and the user interface improved with updates, then you can upgrade before the feature freeze.
If you like having features not changed after the upgrade, but seeing the user interface improved with updates, then you can upgrade after the feature freeze and before the UI freeze.
If you like having features and the UI not changed after the upgrade, then you should upgrade after the feature freeze and the UI freeze.

BTW, the feature and UI freezes have already happened for 16.04.


ubuntu desktop 12.10 and ATI radeon hd 3400

Try looking in Ubuntu's System Settings, for Additional Drivers/Proprietary drivers, it will probably list the same xorg, fglrx, fglrx-updates that Synaptic finds below, but here it should be a one-click install, even easier :-)

And/or Look in Synaptic for packages called "xserver-xorg-video-ati" (x.org open source) or fglrx or "fglrx-updates" (proprietary). Actually just searching Synaptic for "radeon" should find them. The x.org one works good enough for me, didn't notice any difference with the others, but some people like one or the other (web searches for fglrx & radeon show some opinions)

When I ran Ubuntu live I think it automatically picked the x.org one to use, and Mint does too & works great. Whether or not any of these will fix your heat & noise issues I'm not sure, they could be unrelated to the video. I do remember with my Radeon HD and Ubuntus from 2012 there were some issues, sometimes an older or newer release might work better, may be worth it to try a live usb of 13.04 or 12.04, or Mint, and if one of them runs well check what drivers it's using.

Always easiest to try looking in the software repositories with Synaptic or the "Software Center" programs first before resorting to downloading from websites, there's almost always a ubuntu-specific package someone else has added, or a debian one.

PS Here's a ton of info on Radeon & ubuntu on this ubuntu help page, even stuff about 3d/accelerated drivers that I'll check out myself:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BinaryDriverHowto/ATI?action=show&redirect=RestrictedDrivers%2FATI